bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of tofacitinib on enthesitis in patients with active psoriatic arthritis: analysis of pooled data from two phase 3 studies
Authors: Mease Philip J. , Orbai Ana-Maria , FitzGerald Oliver , Bedaiwi Mohamed , Dona L. Fleishaker  , Mundayat Rajiv , Young Pamela , Helliwell Philip S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This post hoc analysis assessed tofacitinib efficacy on enthesitis by baseline location and severity, and impact on disease activity and patient-reported outcomes (PROs), in patients with PsA.

Methods
Data were pooled from two phase 3 studies (NCT01877668/NCT01882439) in patients with PsA receiving tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily to month (M)6 or placebo to M3. Endpoints were: change from baseline in Leeds Enthesitis Index (LEI) or Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Enthesitis Index (SPARCC); proportions of patients with enthesitis, relapsed enthesitis after resolution, de novo enthesitis, low disease activity (LDA) or remission (minimal disease activity/very low disease activity; Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score; Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis, and Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis); and PROs (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue [FACIT-F] total and arthritis pain Visual Analog Scale scores). Descriptive statistics were generated by visit and treatment. Change from baseline in PROs was evaluated by multivariate linear regression.

Results
Seven hundred ten patients from two studies were included: 479 had LEI > 0; 545 had SPARCC > 0; and 136 had LEI = 0 and SPARCC = 0 at baseline. At baseline, among patients with LEI > 0 or SPARCC > 0, mean LEI and SPARCC across treatments and enthesitis locations/severities ranged from 1.0–4.4 and 1.3–9.4, respectively. Across several baseline enthesitis locations/severities, changes from baseline in LEI and SPARCC up to M3 were greater with tofacitinib (-2.0–0.4 and -3.5–0.2) vs placebo (-‍0.9–‍0.4 and -1.5–1.1). Enthesitis at M6 was more common in patients with greater baseline enthesitis severity. At M6, ≤ 40% of patients with baseline LEI > 0 or SPARCC > 0 whose enthesitis had resolved by M1/M3 experienced a relapse, and < 14% of patients with baseline LEI = 0 and SPARCC = 0 had de novo enthesitis. LDA/remission rates generally increased with tofacitinib over time. Baseline LEI location was significantly associated with change from baseline in arthritis pain score, while baseline SPARCC severity was significantly associated with change from baseline in FACIT-F total and arthritis pain scores.

Conclusion
Tofacitinib treatment resulted in improvements in enthesitis in patients with PsA, regardless of baseline location or severity.

Trial registration
NCT01877668;NCT01882439.
Resident education in radiology in Europe including entrustable professional activities: results of an ESR survey
Authors:   European Society of Radiology (ESR), Hirvonen Jussi , Becker Minerva , Aronen Hannu J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEntrustable professional activity (EPA) is a tool for comprehensively evaluating the level of confidence in resident performances across various competencies in medicine. The application of and attitudes towards EPAs in radiology across the European Society of Radiology (ESR) national institutional member societies is still to be determined. An online survey was conducted among ESR national institutional member societies to assess the current use of EPAs and other resident assessment forms among different countries.Although the primary focus was on the use of EPAs, additional questions also addressed the adherence of training programs to the European Training Curriculum (ETC), other methods of continuous assessment, and examinations. A total of 65 responses were received from 38 countries (81% response rate among national institutional member societies). EPAs were being used in radiology in 21% of countries and planned to be used in 26%. Most responders considered EPAs suitable for radiology and, regarding the future, preferred European-level guidelines on EPAs over national or institutional levels. The majority (63%) of national training programs were reported to be similar to or following the content of the ETC, and the majority (95%) of countries rated the requirements of the European Training Curriculum (ETC) to be adequate. In conclusion, EPAs are beginning to be used in radiology resident training programs across Europe, and their use is expected to increase. There seems to be a positive attitude toward using EPAs in radiology and toward a common European framework.Critical relevance statement As a result of this survey, we found positive attitudes towards using entrustable professional activities (EPA) in radiology among the institutional member societies of the European Society of Radiology (ESR).Key points• Twenty-one percent of national member societies use entrustable professional activities (EPA) in radiology.• There is a positive attitude toward using EPAs in radiology.• Majority of respondents preferred a common European framework for EPAs.• Majority of radiology training curricula adhere to the European Training Curriculum (ETC).
Graphical Abstract
Cutaneous microvascular occlusion syndrome as the first manifestation of catastrophic lupus-associated antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: a case report
Authors: Hosseini Nastaran-Sadat , Babaei Sharareh , Rahimi Hamid , Gheissari Alaleh , Sedaghat Banafsheh , Pourmahdi-Boroujeni Mahsa , Abtahi-Naeini Bahareh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), defined by thrombotic events or obstetric complications in the presence of persistently high antiphospholipid antibodies, is characterized by a wide variety of clinical presentations and the effects of vascular occlusion can impact almost any organ system or tissue. Since adult-onset APS classification criteria are not well verified in pediatrics (where pregnancy-related problems are rare), estimating childhood prevalence is challenging. Stroke and pulmonary embolism are thromboembolic events occurring in children that can cause considerable long-term morbidity. Children with APS are more prone to recurrent thromboembolism than adults. Cutaneous symptoms are prominent and typically represent the first clue of APS. Although dermatologic findings are exceedingly heterogeneous, it is essential to consider which dermatological symptoms justify the investigation of antiphospholipid syndrome and the required further management.

Case presentation
We describe a seven-year-old Iranian boy with retiform purpura and acral cutaneous ischemic lesions as the first clinical presentation of antiphospholipid syndrome in the setting of systemic lupus erythematous.

Conclusion
APS in pediatrics, is associated with a variety of neurologic, dermatologic, and hematologic symptoms. Therefore, it is essential for pediatricians to be aware of the rare appearance of Catastrophic APS as an initial indication of APS.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sustainable development economy and the development of green economy in the European Union
Authors: Mentes Mert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to explain the policies implemented by the European Union in transitioning to a green economy. It examines the period from the adoption of sustainable development within the Union to the present, focusing on the EU's strategies for sustainable development and the green economy.

Main text
The study reveals that the European Union has long recognized environmental problems and the impacts of climate change, starting from the 1990s. In response to the global crisis in 2008, the EU embraced the opportunity to build a dynamic, low-carbon, resource-efficient, knowledge-based, and socially inclusive society. Green investments were included in the EU's rescue plan, initiating the green transformation. The study explains the concepts of sustainable development, the green economy, and green growth. It discusses how the European Union implemented its green transformation, particularly through the examination of the European Green Deal. Furthermore, it explores the developments related to climate change and the green economy within the framework of the European 2020 strategy.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the European Union's commitment to addressing environmental challenges and transitioning to a green economy. Future research should focus on assessing the effectiveness of implemented policies and strategies in achieving sustainable development goals. The EU allocated a substantial portion of its budget to support green investments, including green incentives during the 2008 financial crisis, and significant budgets from member states like Germany and France. The EU has set ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, aiming for at least a 40% reduction by 2030 compared to 1990 levels and becoming carbon-neutral by 2050. Future research should also explore the social and economic implications of the green transformation, including job creation and industry competitiveness, to provide valuable insights for policymakers and researchers. This will contribute to enhancing the EU's green policies and advancing the transition to a sustainable and environmentally conscious economy.
Development of a virtual interactive system for Dahua Lou loom based on knowledge ontology-driven technology
Authors: Lu Lu , Li Mengting 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Dahua Lou loom, pivotal to Nanjing Yunjin weaving, constitutes an integral part of global intangible cultural heritage. Its intricate weaving technique remains unmatched by modern machinery, marking it as a vital cultural artefact warranting protection. However, current virtual interactive systems grapple with adequately demonstrating its craftsmanship due to limitations like system iteration, multi-system integration, and data interoperability. To address these challenges, this study proposes a method that synergizes knowledge ontology, virtual reality technology, and data-driven design.Knowledge ontology enables enhanced management, reuse, and wide-ranging dissemination of domain knowledge, improving system interoperability. This methodology is utilized in constructing the loom model, animation demonstration, and in integrating it into the virtual interactive system. This multifaceted application of knowledge ontology significantly bolsters the system’s efficiency and optimizes its development, maintenance, and integration processes.This research provides crucial advancements in domain knowledge modeling, 3D visualization, and virtual reality interactive systems, playing a significant role in preserving cultural heritage. Despite certain limitations, it offers an immersive, intuitive, and enriched design experience. The study concludes with a critique of the developed system, discussions on the encountered challenges, and future research directions include improving and expanding the knowledge ontology based on the opinions and practical experiences of domain experts, enhancing system compatibility, and conducting broader evaluations.
Early Ascertainment of Breast Cancer Diagnoses Comparing Self-Reported Questionnaires and Electronic Health Record Data Warehouse: The WISDOM Study
Authors: Leggat-Barr Katherine , Ryu Rita , Hogarth Michael , Stover-Fiscalini Allison , Veer Laura van 't , Park Hannah Lui , Lewis Tomiyuri , Thompson Caroline , Borowsky Alexander , Hiatt Robert A. , LaCroix Andrea , Parker Barbara , Madlensky Lisa , Naeim Arash , Esserman Laura 
Published: August 2023

PURPOSE The goal of this study was to use real-world data sources that may be faster and more complete than self-reported data alone, and timelier than cancer registries, to ascertain breast cancer cases in the ongoing screening trial, the WISDOM Study. METHODS We developed a data warehouse procedural process (DWPP) to identify breast cancer cases from a subgroup of WISDOM participants (n = 11,314) who received breast-related care from a University of California Health Center in the period 2012-2021 by searching electronic health records (EHRs) in the University of California Data Warehouse (UCDW). Incident breast cancer diagnoses identified by the DWPP were compared with those identified by self-report via annual follow-up online questionnaires. RESULTS Our study identified 172 participants with confirmed breast cancer diagnoses in the period 2016-2021 by the following sources: 129 (75%) by both self-report and DWPP, 23 (13%) by DWPP alone, and 20 (12%) by self-report only. Among those with International Classification of Diseases 10th revision cancer diagnostic codes, no diagnosis was confirmed in 18% of participants. CONCLUSION For diagnoses that occurred ≥20 months before the January 1, 2022, UCDW data pull, WISDOM self-reported data via annual questionnaire achieved high accuracy (96%), as confirmed by the cancer registry. More rapid cancer ascertainment can be achieved by combining self-reported data with EHR data from a health system data warehouse registry, particularly to address self-reported questionnaire issues such as timing delays (ie, time lag between participant diagnoses and the submission of their self-reported questionnaire typically ranges from a month to a year) and lack of response. Although cancer registry reporting often is not as timely, it does not require verification as does the DWPP or self-report from annual questionnaires.
NOTCH signalling – a core regulator of bile duct disease?
Authors: Martinez Lyons Anabel , Boulter Luke 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The Notch signalling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of cell–cell communication that mediates cellular proliferation, fate determination and maintenance of stem/progenitor cell populations across tissues. Although it was originally identified as a critical regulator of embryonic liver development, NOTCH signalling activation has been associated with the pathogenesis of a number of paediatric and adult liver diseases. It remains unclear, however, what role NOTCH actually plays in these pathophysiological processes and whether NOTCH activity represents the reactivation of a conserved developmental programme that is essential for adult tissue repair. In this Review, we explore the concepts that NOTCH signalling reactivation in the biliary epithelium is a reiterative and essential response to bile duct damage and that, in disease contexts in which biliary epithelial cells need to be regenerated, NOTCH signalling supports ductular regrowth. Furthermore, we evaluate the recent literature on NOTCH signalling as a critical factor in progenitor-mediated hepatocyte regeneration, which indicates that the mitogenic role for NOTCH signalling in biliary epithelial cell proliferation has also been co-opted to support other forms of epithelial regeneration in the adult liver.
Fully refractive telecentric f-theta microscope based on adaptive elements for 3D raster scanning of biological tissues
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Schmidt Katharina , Wapler Matthias C. , Wallrabe Ulrike , Czarske Jürgen W. , Koukourakis Nektarios 
Published: August 2023

Various techniques in microscopy are based on point-wise acquisition, which provides advantages in acquiring sectioned images, for example in confocal or two-photon microscopy. The advantages come along with the need to perform three-dimensional scanning, which is often realized by mechanical movement achieved by stage-scanning or piezo-based scanning in the axial direction. Lateral scanning often employs galvo-mirrors, leading to a reflective setup and hence to a folded beam path. In this paper, we introduce a fully refractive microscope capable of three-dimensional scanning, which employs the combination of an adaptive lens, an adaptive prism, and a tailored telecentric f-theta objective. Our results show that this microscope is capable to perform flexible three-dimensional scanning, with low scan-induced aberrations, at a uniform resolution over a large tuning range of X=Y=6300 μm and Z=480 μm with only transmissive components. We demonstrate the capabilities at the example of volumetric measurements on the transgenic fluorescence of the thyroid of a zebrafish embryo and mixed pollen grains. This is the first step towards flexible aberration-free volumetric smart microscopy of three-dimensional samples like embryos and organoids, which could be exploited for the demands in both lateral and axial dimensions in biomedical samples without compromising image quality.
Effect of Test and Treat on clinical outcomes in Nigeria: A national retrospective study
Authors: Lavoie Marie-Claude C. , Ehoche Akipu , Blanco Natalia , Ahmed El-Imam Ibrahim , Oladipo Ademola , Dalhatu Ibrahim , Odafe Solomon , Adebajo Sylvia , Ng Alexia H. , Rapoport Laura , Lawton Jonathan G. , Obanubi Christopher , Onotu Denis , Patel Sadhna , Ikpeazu Akudo , Ashefor Greg , Adebobola Bashorun , Adetinuke Boyd Mary , Aliyu Gambo , Stafford Kristen A. 
Published: August 2023

Background
In Nigeria, results from the pilot of the Test and Treat strategy showed higher loss to follow up (LTFU) among people living with HIV compared to before its implementation. The aim of this evaluation was to assess the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation within 14 days on LTFU at 12 months and viral suppression.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected de-identified patient-level data hosted on the Nigeria National Data Repository from 1,007 facilities. The study population included people living with HIV age ≥15. We used multivariable Cox proportional frailty hazard models to assess time to LTFU comparing ART initiation strategy and multivariable log-binomial regression for viral suppression.

Results
Overall, 26,937 (38.13%) were LTFU at 12 months. Among individuals initiated within 14 days, 38.4% were LTFU by 12 months compared to 35.4% for individuals initiated >14 days (p<0.001). In the adjusted analysis, individuals who were initiated ≤14 days after HIV diagnosis had a higher hazard of being LTFU (aHR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10–1.20) than individuals initiated after 14 days of HIV diagnosis. Among individuals with viral load results, 86.2% were virally suppressed. The adjusted risk ratio for viral suppression among individuals who were initiated ≤14 days compared to >14 days was not statistically significant.

Conclusion
LTFU was higher among individuals who were initiated within 14 days compared to greater than 14 days after HIV diagnosis. There was no difference for viral suppression. The provision of early tailored interventions to support newly diagnosed people living may contribute to reducing LTFU.
Management goals of type 1 Gaucher disease in South Africa: An expert Delphi consensus document on good clinical practice
Authors: Louw Vernon Johan , Fraser Ilanca , Giraldo Pilar 
Published: August 2023

Background
Gaucher disease is a rare autosomal recessive glycosphingolipid storage disease that ultimately leads to reduced life expectancy. Management of Gaucher disease is challenging due to its wide genotypic and phenotypic variability and changing clinical manifestations due to effective treatment. Deliberation between experts is essential to discuss daily clinical practice and identify controversies regarding the management of Gaucher disease. The usefulness of methods like Delphi surveys is suitable for setting up consensus recommendations for different clinical scenarios.

Objectives
The goal of this study was to develop an expert consensus document for the management of type 1 Gaucher disease by local experts.

Methods
A modified e-Delphi was carried out to develop an expert consensus document on the management goals of type 1 Gaucher disease in South Africa. Following a literature review and input from the steering committee, 205 management goals and best practice statements were e-mailed to an independent panel for consensus development using three rounds of voting. The panel consisted of five local healthcare practitioners with expertise in Gaucher disease. Each panelist provided independent evaluations of statements sent to them via a dedicated survey platform. Panelists indicated their level of agreement on a 9-point Likert scale (1 = absolute disagreement to 9 = absolute agreement) during each round of voting. The criteria to retain a statement in the final round were ≥80% high agreement (7–9).

Results
193 statements met the consensus threshold after three rounds of voting and were included in the final guidance document. In general, the management goals presented in this paper are in line with existing literature on the subject. Additional management goals and general recommendations on sound clinical practice, obtained from more recent research and the panelists’ own clinical experience, have been included to develop a comprehensive consensus document on the management goals of type 1 Gaucher disease.

Conclusion
This paper provides high-level guidance with respect to management goals, and the use of current therapies and adjunctive interventions in type 1 Gaucher disease to assist clinicians in their decisions about the appropriate management of patients in everyday clinical practice. These management goals and best practice statements might be used to inform an update to future South African guidelines on the disease.
Body mass index trends and its impact of under and overweight on outcome among PLHIV on antiretroviral treatment in rural Tanzania: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kalinjuma Aneth Vedastus , Hussey Hannah , Mollel Getrud Joseph , Letang Emilio , Battegay Manuel , Glass Tracy R. , Paris Daniel , Vanobberghen Fiona , Weisser Maja ,   on behalf of the KIULARCO study group
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIncreased body weight is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is increasingly reported as a health problem in people living with HIV (PLHIV). There is limited data from rural sub-Saharan Africa, where malnutrition usually presents with both over- and undernutrition. We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of underweight and overweight/obesity in PLHIV enrolled in a cohort in rural Tanzania before the introduction of integrase inhibitors.MethodsThis nested study of the prospective Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort included adults aged ≥19 years initiated on antiretroviral therapy between 01/2013 and 12/2018 with follow-up through 06/2019. Body Mass Index (BMI) was classified as underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), or overweight/obese (≥25.0 kg/m2). Stratified piecewise linear mixed models were used to assess the association between baseline characteristics and follow-up BMI. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between time-updated BMI and death/loss to follow-up (LTFU).ResultsAmong 2,129 patients, 22,027 BMI measurements (median 9 measurements: interquartile range 5–15) were analysed. At baseline, 398 (19%) patients were underweight and 356 (17%) were overweight/obese. The majority of patients were female (n = 1249; 59%), and aged 35–44 years (779; 37%). During the first 9 months, for every three additional months on antiretroviral therapy, BMI increased by 2% (95% confidence interval 1–2%, p<0.0001) among patients underweight at baseline and by 0.7% (0.5–0.6%, p<0.0001) among participants with normal BMI. Over a median of 20 months of follow-up, 107 (5%) patients died and 592 (28%) were LTFU. Being underweight was associated with >2 times the hazard of death/LTFU compared to participants with normal BMI.ConclusionWe found a double burden of malnutrition, with underweight being an independent predictor of mortality. Monitoring and measures to address both states of malnutrition among PLHIV should be integrated into routine HIV care.