bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Study Addressing the Challenge of Efficient Electrocatalytic Biomass Upgrading of 5‐(Hydroxymethyl)Furfural (HMF) with a CH3NH2 Ionic Liquid on Metal‐Embedded Mo2B2 MBene Nanosheets
Authors: Xiao Yi , Shen Chen , Xiong Zhengwei , Ding Yingchun , Liu Li , Zhang Weibin , Wu Yimin A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmine‐containing derivatives are important intermediates in drug manufacturing; sustainable synthesis of amine compounds from green carbon‐based biomass derivatives has attracted increasing attention, especially the reductive amination of biomass molecules via electrochemical upgrading. To achieve efficient reductive amination of 5‐(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) via electrocatalytic biomass upgrading, this work proposes a new HMF biomass upgrading strategy based on metal supported on Mo2B2 MBene nanosheets using a density functional theory comprehensive study. HMF and methylamine (CH3CH2) can be reduced to 5‐(hydroxymethyl) aldiminefurfural (HMMAMF) via electrocatalytic biomass upgrading, which is identified as a promising technology to produce pharmaceutical intermediates. Based on the proposed reaction mechanisms of HMF reductive amination, this work performs a systematic study of HMF amination to HMMAMF using an atomic model simulation method. This study aims to design a high‐efficiency catalyst based on Mo2B2@TM nanosheets via the reductive amination of 5‐HMF and provide insights into the intrinsic relation between thermochemical and material electronic properties and the role of dopant metals. This work establishes the Gibbs free energy profiles of each reaction HMF Biomass Upgrading on Mo2B2 systems and obtained the limiting potentials of the rate‐determining step, which included the kinetic stability of dopants, HMF adsorbability, and the catalytic activity and selectivity of the hydrogen evolution reaction or surface oxidation. Furthermore, charge transfer, d‐band center (εd), and material property (φ) descriptors are applied to establish a linear correlation to determine promising candidate catalysts for reductive amination of HMF. The candidates Mo2B2@Cr, Mo2B2@Zr, Mo2B2@Nb, Mo2B2@Ru, Mo2B2@Rh, and Mo2B2@Os are suitable high‐efficiency catalysts for HMF amination. This work may contribute to the experimental application of biomass upgrading catalysts for biomass energy and guide the future development of biomass conversion strategies and utilization.
Reversible Stacking of 2D ZnIn2S4 Atomic Layers for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wu Liqin , Li Mingjie , Zhou Biao , Xu Shuang , Yuan Ligang , Wei Jianwu , Wang Jiarong , Zou Shibing , Xie Weiguang , Qiu Yongcai , Rao Mumin , Chen Guangxu , Ding Liming , Yan Keyou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is technically challenging to reversibly tune the layer number of 2D materials in the solution. Herein, a facile concentration modulation strategy is demonstrated to reversibly tailor the aggregation state of 2D ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) atomic layers, and they are implemented for effective photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) evolution. By adjusting the colloidal concentration of ZIS (ZIS‐X, X = 0.09, 0.25, or 3.0 mg mL−1), ZIS atomic layers exhibit the significant aggregation of (006) facet stacking in the solution, leading to the bandgap shift from 3.21 to 2.66 eV. The colloidal stacked layers are further assembled into hollow microsphere after freeze‐drying the solution into solid powders, which can be redispersed into colloidal solution with reversibility. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of ZIS‐X colloids is evaluated, and the slightly aggregated ZIS‐0.25 displays the enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution rates (1.11 µmol m−2 h−1). The charge‐transfer/recombination dynamics are characterized by time‐resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopy, and ZIS‐0.25 displays the longest lifetime (5.55 µs), consistent with the best photocatalytic performance. This work provides a facile, consecutive, and reversible strategy for regulating the photo‐electrochemical properties of 2D ZIS, which is beneficial for efficient solar energy conversion.
Synergistic Passivation With Phenylpropylammonium Bromide for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Annan , Gu Hao , Li Wang , Liao Jinfeng , Xia Junmin , Liang Chao , Sun Guoxing , Sha Zhendong , Xing Guichuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising technology for commercialization due to their reliable operation and scalable fabrication. However, in inverted PSCs, depositing a high‐quality perovskite layer comparable to those realized in normal structures still presents some challenges. Defects at grain boundaries and interfaces between the active layer and carrier extraction layer seriously hinder the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of these cells. In this work, it is shown that synergistic bulk doping and surface treatment of triple‐cation mixed‐halide perovskites with phenylpropylammonium bromine (PPABr) can improve the efficiency and stability of inverted PSCs. The PPABr ligand is effective in eliminating halide vacancy defects and uncoordinated Pb2+ ions at both grain boundaries and interfaces. In addition, a 2D Ruddlesden–Popper (2D‐RP) perovskite capping layer is formed on the surface of 3D perovskite by using PPABr post‐treatment. This 2D‐RP perovskite capping layer possesses a concentrated phase distribution ≈n = 2. This capping layer not only reduces interfacial non‐radiative recombination loss and improves carrier extraction ability but also promotes stability and efficiency. As a result, the inverted PSCs achieve a champion PCE of over 23%, with an open‐circuit voltage as high as 1.15 V and a fill factor of over 83%.
Model‐based risk analysis for system design
Authors: Mendes J. Pedro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite being the dominant risk analysis paradigm, event guessing is useless for systems design. In management, no event guessing has ever preempted the launch of policies that are decided, not designed. In engineering, events are not guessed; rather, they are created for testing purposes. Events provide inputs to which systems respond according to their structure, as described by state‐space or equivalent System Dynamics models. A new risk analysis framework draws design support information from model attributes. Risk‐informed dynamic models help design physical architectures or organizational policies that capably respond to arbitrary events. The approach builds on the notion that all inputs carry energy. Physical or policy systems change states by trading energy with the surroundings, through expected transactions and unexpected disturbances. A non‐probabilistic risk framework supports the design by showing that the system exhibits intended functionality when responding to arbitrary inputs. Instead of guessing countless hypothetical events, the framework systematically and comprehensively analyzes weaknesses in the system model using a programmed algorithm. It applies to any state‐space dynamic model by defining risk as a function of the energy needed to move the system from an acceptable to a faulty state. Robust systems dissipate excess energy, whereas vulnerable systems lose functionality. Fuses and cushions are generic classes of protections. Placing them into system models at identified weak points helps improve design. Two published simple models of business policies illustrate the framework, which is extended to define measures for consequence and uncertainty as functions of acceptable and faulty states.
Context matters: Secondary science teachers' integration of process‐based, unplugged computational thinking into science curriculum
Authors: Kite Vance , Park Soonhye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is growing recognition in the education community that the problem‐solving practices that comprise computational thinking (CT) are a fundamental component of both life and work in the twenty‐first century. Historically, opportunities to learn CT have been confined to computer science (CS) and elective courses that lack racial, ethnic, and gender diversity. To combat this inequity, a number of scholars have proposed integrating CT practices into core curriculum——especially science, technology, engineering, and math curriculum. Successfully achieving the goal of integrated CT, however, depends on frameworks to guide integration, professional development for teachers, exemplars of successful integrations, and identifications of the barriers teachers encounter. Research pertaining to each of these areas is in its infancy. This study addresses these needs through a collective case study of 10 secondary science teachers' implementations of a novel, process‐based, unplugged approach to CT/science integration and the factors that supported or hindered their CT/science integration efforts. The results of this work reveal that: (1) an unplugged and process‐based approach to CT/science integration shows promise as a vehicle for infusing CT into diverse science classrooms; (2) educators' teaching context exerts a strong influence on their CT‐integration efforts and persistence; and (3) special attention is needed to support teachers in their CT/science integrations including algorithm creation. This study also demonstrates the utility of the Fraillon et al.'s CT framework as a guide for CT/science integration efforts and sheds light on the unique affordances of unplugged strategies for implementing CT‐integrated science curricula.
Meta‐analysis of the quantitative trait loci associated with agronomic traits, fertility restoration, disease resistance, and seed quality traits in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)
Authors: Halladakeri Priyanka , Gudi Santosh , Akhtar Sabina , Singh Gurjeet , Saini Dinesh Kumar , Hilli Harshavardan J. , Sakure Amar , Macwana Sneha , Mir Reyazul Rouf 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), associated with agronomic traits, fertility restoration, disease resistance, and seed quality traits was conducted for the first time in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). Data on 498 QTLs was collected from 9 linkage mapping studies (involving 21 biparental populations). Of these 498, 203 QTLs were projected onto “PigeonPea_ConsensusMap_2022,” saturated with 10,522 markers, which resulted in the prediction of 34 meta‐QTLs (MQTLs). The average confidence interval (CI) of these MQTLs (2.54 cM) was 3.37 times lower than the CI of the initial QTLs (8.56 cM). Of the 34 MQTLs, 12 high‐confidence MQTLs with CI (≤5 cM) and a greater number of initial QTLs (≥5) were utilized to extract 2255 gene models, of which 105 were believed to be associated with different traits under study. Furthermore, eight of these MQTLs were observed to overlap with several marker‐trait associations or significant SNPs identified in previous genome‐wide association studies. Furthermore, synteny and ortho‐MQTL analyses among pigeonpea and four related legumes crops, such as chickpea, pea, cowpea, and French bean, led to the identification of 117 orthologous genes from 20 MQTL regions. Markers associated with MQTLs can be employed for MQTL‐assisted breeding as well as to improve the prediction accuracy of genomic selection in pigeonpea. Additionally, MQTLs may be subjected to fine mapping, and some of the promising candidate genes may serve as potential targets for positional cloning and functional analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the target traits.
Effect of ecofriendly grapefruit peel extract on PVC thin films photostabilizing tested under harmful weathering conditions
Authors: Ahmed Hameed , Ahmed Ahmed , Yousif Emad , Ahmed Dina S. , Kadhom Mohammed , Husain Amani , Yusop Rahimi , Bufaroosha Muna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExposure to ultraviolet radiation triggers a photooxidative deterioration mechanism in plastics, resulting in bond breakage, release of volatile substances, overall weight reduction, generation of free radicals, and loose crosslinking. The aim of this study was to obtain a plant extract with appropriate concentration and use it to protect polyvinyl chloride (PVC) from photodegradation. PVC films containing different concentrations of naringin that were already extracted and TINUVIN 622 as a commercial stabilizer were investigated in this paper. UV light was used to irradiate PVC films for 300 h to test the photostability. After radiation, infrared spectra, weight loss, molecular weight reduction, and surface morphology examination for PVC films were studied. In comparison to blank film, the photodegradation of PVC films was significantly reduced by the naringin and TINUVIN 622 photostabilizers. The role of photostabilizers includes deactivating excited states (as quenchers), functioning as effective light filters (pigments and absorbers), scavenging radicals, and decomposing hydroperoxides.
Study on the Influence of Sand Mining in the Channel of Sima Bend in Yangzhong of the Yangtze River
Authors: Hu Cao , Fan Kunpeng , Li Minghua , Wu Jie , Xu Yiwen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTaking the sand mining project in a local river section in the lower reaches of Yangtze River, as an example, this paper investigates the complex effects of sand mining project on river potential. Based on MIKE21 software to establish a two-dimensional water–sand mathematical model of the project river section, this study investigates the change of river potential in the local river section near the project after the implementation of different sand mining schemes through numerical simulation to explore the influence of this sand mining project on river potential. The results show that (1) except for slight changes in the project area, there are no significant changes in the rest of the section. Under each calculation condition, the mainstream line in the sand mining area is slightly rightward by about 5 m; (2) the implementation of sand mining project, the diversion ratio of the left branch of Taiping Island slightly increases, and the corresponding diversion ratio of the right branch of Taiping Island decreases, but the change of the diversion ratio is very small, such as the increase of the diversion ratio of the left branch of Taiping Island and the left branch of the inaugurated Island is generally within 0.01% (3) the implementation of the sand project, the water level The overall performance is slightly congested. The implementation of the project has a small impact on the change of the deep flood line in the project section, and the river pattern will not change significantly.
Surface Vibration of Throw-Type Blast in an Open-Pit Mine
Authors: Wang Yong , Xu Chen , Li Changchun , Yao Xiaofei , Xiang Xingbo , Huang Haoxuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the process of Open-pit mining in China, throwing blasting is an important method, which is very likely to cause serious damage to the slope of the discharge field under the action of vibration load of throwing blasting. With the background of throwing blasting process in Heidaigou open-pit mine in Ordos, vibration velocity data were collected from the discharge field near the throwing blast, and the vibration signal of throwing blast was analyzed by means of Fourier transform to obtain the characteristics of throwing blast vibration velocity wave and the attenuation law and prediction formula in the process of propagation. The results show that: 100 ~ 300 m away from the blasting area, the radial direction (X direction) of the blasting area produces the largest vibration velocity of 26.8 cm/s, but at the same time, the decay rate of the peak vibration velocity of the survey line 2 in each direction is small, and the decay percentages of 56, 75 and 70% are smaller than that of the survey line 1 and survey line 3 in the lateral direction of the blasting area, and the decay rate of the velocity is smaller as the propagation As the distance increases, the decay rate of the velocity decreases. The curve gradually tends to flatten and the vibration velocity of the three directions gradually close. The frequency band of the blast vibration is distributed within 200 Hz and the frequency and energy are mainly distributed in the low frequency stage (0–20 Hz), accounting for more than 50% of the total energy.
Optimization Design of Sand and Loess High Slope Based on Combination of Wide and Narrow Platfom——A Case Study of a High Slope in Yulin City
Authors: Lu Xingya , Li Peng , Su Shengrui , Jiang Haibo , Dong Fu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the limited land resources available for engineering construction in Northern Shaanxi, engineering activities such as mineral resources development, basic engineering construction, slope reduction and building houses, and farming are often accompanied by the formation of a large number of Manually Excavated high slopes. Effective high slope design can reduce the waste of land resources, mitigate the damage to the natural environment, and reduce the project cost to a certain extent. Therefore, this paper takes a high sand loess slope in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province as an example, through field investigation, system theoretical analysis and numerical simulation calculation, comprehensively considering the anti scouring property, overall stability and excavation volume of the slope, the design scheme that meets the requirements and consumes the least capital is compared and selected, so as to obtain the optimal slope shape. The conclusion shows that the optimal single slope height of sand loess high slope in Northern Shaanxi is 7–8 m, and the slope ratio is 1:0.75. The setting of wide platform can change the stress distribution of high slope and weaken the continuity of effective plastic strain. The optimal slope shape of the high side slope includes the single slope of 8 m, the slope ratio of 1:0.75, the narrow platform of 3 m wide, 3 wide platforms are arranged, the location of ③④⑤, the width of 10 m, and the excavation volume of 696 m3 (per linear meter).
Key Construction and Control Technology of Long Span Self-anchored Suspension Bridge with Cable Before Beam
Authors: Peng Chengming , Peng Zhihui , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Junzheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractShatian Bridge is a self-anchored suspension bridge with a main span of 320 m. It is constructed by the overall construction technology of “cable before the beam”. The main cable is temporarily fixed through the temporary anchorage system, and the main beam construction is based on the main cable. After the main beam is hoisted and welded, the main cable is temporarily fixed, and the tensile force of the main cable is transferred to the main beam to complete the system conversion. The bridge adopts permanent-temporary combined with temporary anchorage, effectively saving the cost. The lifting of the stiffening beam adopts inverted lifting technology. For the area of the short sling in the middle of the span, a non-full-length joist is designed to solve the problem of main beam lifting in the area of the short sling. During the construction, the steel beam of the anchorage section and the auxiliary pier are temporarily consolidated. The temporary cable actively balances the tension of the main cable with clear stress, which is convenient for construction control. Temperature welds are set at both ends of the closure beam section, which not only makes room for the hoisting of the closure beam section but also avoids the structural safety problems caused by the temperature deformation of the steel beam. The slip control method of cable strands based on water bag weight ensures that the main cable does not slip during steel beam hoisting. The length of the sling is increased through the extension rod, and the horn-shaped guide device is added to avoid sling damage caused by the sling colliding with the conduit mouth. Generally speaking, the construction scheme of “cable before beam” adopted by the bridge is reasonable and feasible, which enriches the construction technology of self-anchored suspension bridges and can provide a reference for similar bridge construction in the future.
Stress State of Asphalt Mortar Based on Meso-Scopic Finite Element Simulation and Verification
Authors: Tan Xiangye , Zhang Yangpeng , Chen Zhipeng , Guo Qinglin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe composition and structure of asphalt mixture have a significant impact on its mechanical performance, and the randomly distributed coarse aggregate impose a significant impact on the stress state of asphalt mortar. However, the traditional method can only evaluate the mechanical properties of asphalt mixture from macro scopic indexes, cannot show the stress state of asphalt mortar in details. Therefore, based on digital image processing technology, a meso-finite element model of asphalt mixture is established, and the stress state of asphalt mortar is analyzed by using finite element method. The correlation between the distance from mortar to aggregate and the stress state is established. Results show that the stress of asphalt mortar basically approaches to the external applied stress or zero when the distance from aggregate surface to mortar exceeds 4 mm. The closer it is to the aggregate surface, the greater the stress of the mortar is. Under compressive conditions, asphalt mortar will be affected by tensile stress in its vertical direction, and the maximum tensile stress is about 0.2–0.25 times of the maximum compressive stress. The results of this paper have a good reference for explaining the complex stress state of asphalt mortar.
Research on Key Technology of Rapid Integrated Construction of Fully Prefabricated Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Yuan Chao , Li Feng , Wang Min , Tian Fei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on the reconstruction and expansion project of an expressway, a set of rapid construction technology for integrated erection of fully prefabricated rigid frame bridges is proposed, which solves the problems of unmatched work efficiency of each working face in the conventional integrated bridge erectors and long construction period of traditional suspension assembly technology. This method realizes the rapid construction of this type of bridges in highly urbanized areas. In this method, a new bridge girder integrated erection machine is used to synchronously install precast segmental beams, pier top blocks and precast pier column. At the same time, precast segmental beams near the middle pier are assembled by conventional cantilever assembly method, and the installation method of the precast segmental beams near the transition pier is optimized from the half span suspension assembly method to the cantilever assembly method by temporarily fixing the pier top block and arranging temporary prestressed tendons. This new integrated construction method improves the construction efficiency from 39.5d/unit to 32d/unit, and reduces the interference to traffic and environment.