bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supercritical colliding wind binaries
Authors: Abaroa Leandro , Romero Gustavo E. , Sotomayor Pablo 
Published: January 2023

Context. Particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries (PACWBs) are systems that are formed by two massive and hot stars and produce nonthermal radiation. The key elements of these systems are fast winds and the shocks that they create when they collide. Binaries with nonaccreting young pulsars have also been detected as nonthermal emitters, again as a consequence of the wind–wind interaction. Black holes might produce nonthermal radiation by this mechanism if they accrete at super-Eddington rates. In such cases, the disk is expected to launch a radiation-driven wind, and if this wind has an equatorial component, it can collide with the companion star yielding a PACWB. These systems are supercritical colliding wind binaries.
Aims. We aim to characterize the particle acceleration and nonthermal radiation produced by the collision of winds in binary systems composed of a superaccreting black hole and an early-type star.
Methods. We estimated the terminal velocity of the disk-driven wind by calculating the spatial distribution of the radiation fields and their effect on disk particles. We then found the location of the wind collision region and calculated the timescales of energy gain and losses of relativistic particles undergoing diffusive particle acceleration. With this information, we were able to compute the associated spectral energy distribution of the radiation. We calculated a number of specific models with different parameters to explore this scenario.
Results. We find that the interaction of winds can produce nonthermal emission from radio up to tens of GeV, with luminosities in the range of ∼1033–1035 erg s−1, which for the most part are contributed by electron synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation.
Conclusions. We conclude that supercritical colliding wind binaries, such as some ultraluminous X-ray sources and some Galactic X-ray binaries, are capable of accelerating cosmic rays and producing nonthermal electromagnetic emission from radio to γ-rays, in addition to the thermal components.
A neutron star candidate in the long-period binary 56 UMa
Authors: Escorza A. , Karinkuzhi D. , Jorissen A. , Van Eck S. , Schmelz J. T. , Verschuur G. L. , Boffin H. M. J. , De Rosa R. J. , Van Winckel H. 
Published: January 2023

Context. 56 UMa is a wide binary system that contains a chemically peculiar red giant and a faint companion. Due to its surface chemical abundances, the red giant was classified as a barium (Ba) star. This implies that the companion has to be a white dwarf, since Ba stars form when mass is transferred to them from an s-process rich Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) star. However, in the case of 56 UMa, the companion might be too massive to be the progeny of an AGB star that efficiently produced s-process elements such as barium.
Aims. In this Letter, we revisit the orbital parameters of the system and perform a full spectral analysis with the goal of investigating the Ba-star classification of the giant and unravelling the nature of its faint companion.
Methods. We combined radial-velocity and astrometric data to refine the orbital parameters of the system, including the orbital inclination and the companion mass. Then, we re-determined the stellar parameters of the giant and its chemical abundances using high-resolution HERMES spectra. Finally, we investigated the morphology of the interstellar gas in the vicinity of the system.
Results. The faint component in 56 UMa has a mass of 1.31 ± 0.12 M⊙, which, together with the mixed s + r abundance profile of the red giant, confirms that the giant is not a standard barium star. Additionally, the clear identification of a cavity surrounding 56 UMa could indicate that a supernova explosion occurred about 105 years ago in the system, suggesting that the faint companion might be a neutron star. However, finding an evolutionary scenario that explains all the observables is not trivial, so we discuss different possible configurations of the system and their respective merits.
A Mild Method for the Replacement of a Hydroxyl Group by Halogen: 4. Practical Synthesis of Cyclic β-Halovinylketones under Neutral Conditions
Authors: Ghosez Léon , Munyemana François 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe replacement of a hydroxyl group by a halogen is a pivotal organic functional group transformation. Existing procedures often require acidic conditions or lack sustainability and atom economy. We have previously shown that tetramethyl-α-haloenamines (TMXE) or 2,2-dimethyl-1-halo-1-diisopropylamines (DIXE) react with a wide variety of hydroxyl-containing molecules to yield the corresponding halides under very mild conditions and with high atom economy. We now show that the deoxyhalogenation reactions of the enol tautomers of cyclic1,3-diketones and of 2-hydroxymethylene cycloketones can also be performed with TMCE or DIXE to yield β-halo-α,β-unsaturated ketones in excellent yields. The reactions are regioselective and in some cases stereoselective. The reaction is also successful with acetylacetone but the yield is only moderate. β-Ketoesters are not reactive. The method favorably compares to the best existing methods: It is more general, occurs under very mild conditions, which should allow acid-sensitive functional groups such as ketals, esters, ethers, etc., to be tolerated, and, above all, is quite sustainable (no toxic reagents or products).
Moderate continuous‐ and high‐intensity interval training elicit comparable cardiovascular effect among middle‐aged men regardless of recovery mode
Authors: Collins Blake E. G. , Donges Cheyne , Robergs Robert , Cooper Joshua , Sweeney Kristie , Kingsley Michael 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTTo assess the effect of active and passive intra‐interval recovery modes in time‐efficient high‐intensity interval training (HIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, autonomic function, and endothelial function in sedentary middle‐aged men.Participants (n = 62; age: 49.5 ± 5.8 y; BMI: 29.7 ± 3.7 kg·m−2) completed the assessments of cardiorespiratory fitness, flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) and heart rate variability before being randomly allocated to control (CON; n = 14), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT; n = 15), HIT with passive (P‐HIT; n‐15), or active recovery (A‐HIT; n = 15). Participants performed thrice weekly exercise sessions for 12 weeks. MICT completed 50–60 min of continuous cycling at 60–70% heart rate (HR) maximum. HIT completed 30‐s work intervals (∼85% HR) interspaced with 2.5 min of active or passive recovery.All exercise modalities increased oxygen uptake (V̇O2) (MD: ≥ 3.1 ml·kg−1·min−1, 95%CI: 1.5–4.7 ml·kg−1·min−1; P < 0.001), power output (MD: ≥ 26 W, 95%CI: 15–37 W; P < 0.001) and cycle duration (MD: ≥ 62 s, 95%CI: 36–88 s; P < 0.001) at 85% HRM. Significant pre‐to‐post differences were observed among all exercise groups for FMD (MD: ≥ 3.4%, 95%CI: 0.3–6.5%; P < 0.05), while MICT and P‐HIT significantly increased the standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) pre‐to‐post intervention (MD: ≥ 7 ms, 2–13 ms; P ≤ 0.05).Time‐efficient HIT elicits significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, FMD and autonomic modulation following a thrice weekly 12‐week exercise intervention among sedentary middle‐aged men. Active recovery between successive high‐intensity intervals provided no additional benefit among this deconditioned cohort.
Tunable dielectric BIC metasurface for high resolution optical filters
Authors: Tian Fanglin , Zhou Junxiao , Abraham Elizabeth , Liu Zhaowei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The dielectric metasurface has become a powerful tool for compact optical components with various wavefront controlling functionalities accompanied by negligible losses at the corresponding working frequencies. In this work, we propose a tunable all-dielectric metasurface as an optical filter with high resolution covering different optical communication bands, where tunability is realized by a combination of changing the incident angle and modulating the refractive index of an optical phase changing material (OPCM). When the incident angle varies, our optical filter based on a two-dimensional bound state in continuums (BIC) metasurface can achieve sequential, extremely sharp resonances. In addition, the resonance peaks could be further shifted to a different frequency band by the refractive index change of OPCM via pulsed laser heating. The proposed scheme can offer optical filters with high spectral resolution and large tunable working wavelength range, which greatly benefits from the topological property of BIC and large modulation depth of OPCM.
Molecular-level uniform graphene/polyaniline composite film for flexible supercapacitors with high-areal capacitance
Authors: Wang Peiyao , Shao Feng , Li Bin , Su Yanjie , Yang Zhi , Hu Nantao , Zhang Yafei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To increase the specific capacitance of supercapacitors, polyaniline (PANI) has been chosen as additive electrode material for the pseudocapacitive performance. Here, we synthesize a molecular-level uniform reduced graphene oxide/PANI (rGO/PANI) composite film with high flexibility and conductivity via self-assembly and specific thermal reduction, which performs great potential in flexible supercapacitors with high areal capacitance. Particularly, the electrode of rGO/PANI-42.9% exhibits a high specific areal capacitance (1826 mF cm−2 at 0.2 mA cm−2), and it also presents a good cycling stability (it remains 76% of its initial capacitance after 10 500 cycles). Moreover, the specific gravimetric capacitance of rGO/PANI-33.3% reaches up to 256.4 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1, showing greatly enhanced performance compared with the pure rGO electrode (183 F g−1). The results of various characteristic analysis demonstrate that electrochemical performance of the as-prepared rGO/PANI film is closely associated with the uniform distribution of PANI in rGO/PANI composite. Overall, our reported method is convenient and environmental-friendly, and could be beneficial for the development of high-performance capacitive energy storage materials.
Robustness analysis of magnetorheological elastomer-based vibration isolation system with optimal fuzzy controller
Authors: Fu Jie , Liu Jing , Lai Junjie , Zhong Can , Dai Zhenyu , Yu Miao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Due to adjustable stuffiness with applied magnetic fields, magnetorheological elastomer (MRE)-based vibration isolation method has attracted more attention in vibration engineering fields, such as precision-fabrication or precision-measurement platform for high-tech facilities, civil structure. However, there exists parameter uncertainty in dynamic model of control system, such as variation load mass in different working conditions, increasing or decreasing stiffness due to the rubber aging induced by the temperature and humidity of the environment. So it is necessary to investigate and evaluate quantitatively the robustness of MRE-based vibration isolation control system. This paper addresses that. Firstly, the dynamic model of MRE vibration isolation system with consideration of uncertain stiffness of the isolator and load mass is established. Then, a fuzzy controller (FC) is designed under the certain amplitude and frequency excitation, the parameters of FC are optimized by genetic algorithm. On this basis, RI (robustness index) is proposed to divide the robustness of the system under variation of parameters (stiffness of MRE isolator and load mass) as ‘good’, ‘fair’ and ‘poor’ level. Lastly, simulation and experiments are carried out to evaluate quantitatively the robustness performance of MRE vibration control system with designed optimal FC, respectively. The results show that the designed optimal FC has greater RI than experienced-based FC for different variation range stiffness of MRE isolator and load mass, and demonstrates outstanding robustness.
Cosmology with the EFTofLSS and BOSS: dark energy constraints and a note on priors
Authors: Carrilho Pedro , Moretti Chiara , Pourtsidou Alkistis 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We analyse the BOSS DR12 multipoles of the galaxy power spectrum jointly with measurements of the BAO scale for three different models of dark energy. We use recent measurements performed with a windowless estimator, and an independent and fast pipeline based on EFTofLSS modelling implemented via the FAST-PT algorithm to compute the integrals of the redshift-space loop corrections. We accelerate
our analysis further by using the bacco linear power spectrum emulator instead of a Boltzmann solver. We perform two sets of analyses: one including 3σ Planck priors on As
and ns
, and another that is fully CMB-free, i.e., letting the primordial parameters vary freely. The first model we study is ΛCDM, within which we reproduce previous results obtained with the same estimator. We find a low value of the scalar amplitude in the CMB-free case, in agreement with many previous EFT-based full-shape analyses of the BOSS data. We then study wCDM, finding a lower value of the amplitude in the CMB-free run, coupled with a preference for phantom dark energy with w = -1.17+0.12
-0.11, again in broad agreement with previous results. Finally, we investigate the dark scattering model of interacting dark energy, which we label wACDM. In the CMB-free analysis, we find a large degeneracy between the interaction strength A and the amplitude As
, hampering measurements of those parameters. On the contrary, in our run with a CMB prior, we are able to constrain the dark energy parameters to be w = -0.972+0.036
-0.029 and A = 3.9+3.2
-3.7, which show a 1σ hint of interacting dark energy. This is the first measurement of this parameter and demonstrates the ability of this model to alleviate the σ
8 tension. Our analysis can be used as a guide for the analysis of any model with scale-independent growth. Finally, we study the dependence of the results on the priors imposed on the nuisance parameters and find these priors to be informative, with their broadening generating shifts in the contours. We argue for an in depth study of this issue, which can affect current and forthcoming analyses of LSS data.
Ultraviolet unitarity violations in non-minimally coupled scalar-Starobinsky inflation
Authors: Panda Sukanta , Tinwala Abbas Altafhussain , Vidyarthi Archit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We perform the calculation for tree-level ultraviolet unitarity violation scales for scalar-R
2 inflation models by including an additional R
2|Φ|2-type term. Due to certain constraints, we resort to the Einstein frame for our calculations, where we separate our analysis between metric and Palatini formulations. We follow recent works in this line that debunk the naive predictions for unitarity violations in Higgs' inflation models to determine how to accurately estimate the behaviour of scattering amplitudes in the UV limit. Later, we work out different cases by assuming potentials corresponding to known inflation scenarios so we could predict the range of coupling parameters for which the theories would remain unitary up to the Planckian regime. We also try to find the behaviour of the scattering amplitudes for these theories during the transition from inflationary to reheating epoch.
Characterization of XIA UltraLo-1800 response to measuring charged samples
Authors: Ange Joshua , Calkins Robert , Posada Andrew 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Commercial alpha counters are used in science and industry applications to screen
materials for surface radon progeny contamination. In this paper, we characterize an XIA
UltraLo-1800, an ionization drift alpha counter, and study the response to embedded charge in
polyethylene sample measurements. We show that modeling such effects is possible in a Geant4-based
simulation framework and attempt to derive corrections. This paper also demonstrates the
effectiveness of the use of an anti-static fan to eliminate the embedded charge and recover a
97.73% alpha detection efficiency in the alpha counter.
The lambda extensions of the Ising correlation functions
C(M,N)
Authors: Boukraa S , Maillard J-M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We revisit, with a pedagogical heuristic motivation, the lambda extension of the low-temperature row correlation functions

C
(
M
,
N
)

of the two-dimensional Ising model. In particular, using these one-parameter series to understand the deformation theory around selected values of

λ

, namely

λ
=
cos
(
π
m
/
n
)

with m and n integers, we show that these series yield perturbation coefficients, generalizing form factors, that are D-finite functions. As a by-product these exact results provide an infinite number of highly non-trivial identities on the complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kind. These results underline the fundamental role of Jacobi theta functions and Jacobi forms, the previous D-finite functions being (relatively simple) rational functions of Jacobi theta functions, when rewritten in terms of the nome of elliptic functions.
Cylindrical ionization chamber response in static and dynamic 6 and 15 MV photon beams
Authors: Andersson P , Swanpalmer J , Palm Å , Båth M , Chakarova R 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose. To investigate the response of the CC13 ionization chamber under non-reference photon beam conditions, focusing on penumbra and build-up regions of static fields and on dynamic intensity-modulated beams. Methods. Measurements were performed in 6 MV 100 × 100, 20 × 100, and 20 × 20 mm2 static fields. Monte Carlo calculations were performed for the static fields and for 6 and 15 MV dynamic beam sequences using a Varian multi-leaf collimator. The chamber was modelled using EGSnrc egs_chamber software. Conversion factors were calculated by relating the absorbed dose to air in the chamber air cavity to the absorbed dose to water. Correction and point-dose correction factors were calculated to quantify the conversion factor variations. Results. The correction factors for positions on the beam central axis and at the penumbra centre were 0.98–1.02 for all static fields and depths investigated. The largest corrections were obtained for chamber positions beyond penumbra centre in the off-axis direction. Point-dose correction factors were 0.54–0.71 at 100 mm depth and their magnitude increased with decreasing field size and measurement depth. Factors of 0.99–1.03 were obtained inside and near the integrated penumbra of the dynamic field at 100 mm depth, and of 0.92–0.94 beyond the integrated penumbra centre. The variations in the ionization chamber response across the integrated dynamic penumbra qualitatively followed the behaviour across penumbra of static fields. Conclusions. Without corrections, the CC13 chamber was of limited usefulness for profile measurements in 20-mm-wide fields. However, measurements in dynamic small irregular beam openings resembling the conditions of pre-treatment patient quality assurance were feasible. Uncorrected ionization chamber response could be applied for dose verification at 100 mm depth inside and close to large gradients of dynamically accumulating high- and low-dose regions assuming 3% tolerance between measured and calculated doses.
Coherent rotation of a single spin via adiabatic half passage in the presence of a ferromagnetic vortex
Authors: Badea R , Wolf M S , Berezovsky J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We experimentally and numerically study possible implementations for

π

/

2

rotations of a single nitrogen-vacancy defect spin state in proximity to a magnetic vortex core. Dynamically controlled magnetic vortex cores have been suggested as a means to provide nanoscale, rapidly-tunable magnetic fields for spin qubit addressability and control. However, driven and thermal non-equilibrium dynamics of the vortex core complicate prospects for high-fidelity gate operations. We find that the complicated profile of the driven vortex core fringe field leads to significant, but unpredictable enhancement of both Zeeman splitting and Rabi frequency. Furthermore, the gyrotropic dynamics of the vortex core lead to a complicated evolution of the spin state. We demonstrate that the fidelity of

π

/

2

rotations can be improved using an adiabatic passage protocol in which the vortex provides an enhancement of spin splitting and Rabi frequency while unwanted vortex dynamics are suppressed.
Lawvere-Tierney topologies for computability theorists
Authors: Kihara Takayuki 
Published: January 2023

In this article, we study the lattice of Lawvere-Tierney topologies on Hyland’s effective topos. For this purpose, we introduce a new computability-theoretic reducibility notion, which is a common extension of the notions of Turing reducibility and generalized Weihrauch reducibility. Based on the work by Lee and van Oosten [Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 164 (2013), pp. 866-883], we utilize this reducibility notion for providing a concrete description of the lattice of the Lawvere-Tierney topologies on the effective topos. As an application, we solve several open problems proposed by Lee and van Oosten. For instance, we show that there exists no minimal Lawvere-Tierney topology which is strictly above the identity topology on the effective topos.
Charitable Trusts of Cemeteries and Places of Worship in Thailand: A Historical Anomaly
Authors: Reekie Surutchada 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article examines Thailand’s historic charitable trusts for the purpose of establishing and maintaining cemeteries and places of worship. Whilst existing literature explores the reception of English trusts law in British colonial territories in Southeast Asia over the course of nineteenth century, little is discussed in relation to Thailand, historically known as Siam, during the same period. Based on the author’s archival research, this article explores the route and development of these trusts and argues that, due to the Thai Supreme Court’s recognition of their charitable purpose, these trusts are not subject to a rule against perpetuities. Therefore, they will continue to present an anomalous exception to Thailand’s civil law legal framework and offer a fascinating example of the deep, tenacious roots put down by a rejected legal concept from Thailand’s brush with nineteenth century colonial powers.
Alcohol Biomarker Phosphatidylethanol as a Predictor of the Severity of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Novak Lan , Soravia Leila M , Bünter Adina , Stöth Frederike , Wopfner Alexander , Weinmann Wolfgang , Pfeifer Philippe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsto investigate the relationship between phosphatidylethanol (PEth) and withdrawal severity in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD).Methodsin 34 patients with AUD admitted for treatment of acute alcohol withdrawal, data were available for initial blood PEth concentrations and scores throughout detoxification of symptoms of withdrawal assessed by trained medical staff using the alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS)-scale, a validated scale consisting of 11 items in the alcohol withdrawal syndrome (two subscales with seven physiological and five psychological symptoms).Resultsa significant positive correlation between PEth and the severity of alcohol withdrawal was found. When the sample was divided into two groups, according to whether or not AWS score at some point in the treatment reached 6 or more, the median PEth score was higher in those whose peak score had been 6 or more (score of 6 being the suggested cutoff to start medicating the withdrawal syndrome). Although there was a trend for some aspects of the clinical history to be more ‘severe’ in those with higher AWS, no differences reached significance.Conclusionblood PEth on admission could have a role in identifying patients at risk of more severe AWS.