bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Hybrid Clustering and Routing Algorithm for Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Angeeta Angeeta Hirwe , Nitin Nitin Kumar Jain , Ravi Ravi Sindal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of a large number of randomly distributed sensor nodes that are monitor and store the physical information from their surroundings and send the collected datato base station through wireless medium. However, replacement of battery in sensor node is almost impossible once it drain out completely in hostile environment. Thereby, maintain the network survivability or network lifetime and reliable communication between nodes in such a harsh environment is the difficult task for the researchers. The goal of this research is to enhance the network survivability and Network Throughput (NTh) of the WSN. This study uses the simplified energy harvesting model to improve the network survivability. This paper proposes a new hybrid Cluster Head (CH) selection and routing scheme for energy harvesting WSN called Modified Leach Ant Colony Optimization (MLACO). The proposed scheme not only improves NTh but also improve the network survivability. Furthermore, when compared to MLEACH and FEEDC clustering schemes, the proposed MLACO strategy performs better than both the existing schemes. MLACO’s average network throughput is 31.5% and 26.6% higher than the existing MLEACH and FEEDC CH selection strategies, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme’s network survivability approaches that of existing schemes and even outperforms them between 900 and 1300 rounds.
Benign and Malignant Findings on Chest CT Among Adult Survivors of Childhood and Young Adult Cancer with a History of Chest Radiotherapy
Authors: Barnea Dana , Tonorezos Emily S. , Khan Amber , Chou Joanne F. , Moskowitz Chaya S. , Kaplan Rana , Oeffinger Kevin C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Childhood and young adult cancer survivors exposed to chest radiotherapy are at increased risk of lung cancer. In other high-risk populations, lung cancer screening has been recommended. Data is lacking on prevalence of benign and malignant imaging abnormalities in this population.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of imaging abnormalities in chest CTs performed more than 5 years post-cancer diagnosis in survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer. We included survivors exposed to radiotherapy involving the lung field and followed at a high-risk survivorship clinic between November 2005 and May 2016. Treatment exposures and clinical outcomes were abstracted from medical records. Risk factors for chest CT-detected pulmonary nodule were assessed.
Results: Five hundred and ninety survivors were included in this analysis; median age at diagnosis, 17.1 years (range, 0.4-39.8) and median time since diagnosis, 21.1 years (range, 0.4-58.6). At least one chest CT more than 5 years post-diagnosis was performed in 338 survivors (57%). Among these, 193 (57.1%) survivors had at least one pulmonary nodule detected on a total of 1057 chest CTs, resulting in 305 CTs with 448 unique nodules. Follow-up was available for 435 of these nodules; 19 (4.3%) were malignant. Risk factors for first pulmonary nodule were older age at time of CT, CT performed more recently and splenectomy.
Conclusions: Benign pulmonary nodules are very common among long-term survivors of childhood and young adult cancer.
Implications for Cancer Survivors: High prevalence of benign pulmonary nodules in cancer survivors exposed to radiotherapy could inform future guidelines on lung cancer screening in this population.
Association between jejunal remodeling in fasting rats and hypersensitivity of intestinal afferent nerves to mechanical stimulation
Authors: Bao Lingxia , Zhao Jingbo , Gregersen Hans 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Remodeling of Intestinal properties and hypersensitivity of intestinal afferents to mechanical stimulation were previously demonstrated in a fasting rat model. Other studies investigated the association between mechanical and histological remodeling during fasting. This study aimed to further explore the relationship between the jejunal remodeling and intestinal afferent hypersensitivity by combining afferent nerve recordings with histological and mechanical data. Eight male Sprague Dawley rats had no access to food for 7 days (Fasting group). Seven male rats served as controls (Control group). Jejunal segments were studied in vitro in an organ bath for analysis of afferent signaling and for analysis of mechanical and histomorphological parameters. Correlation analyses were done to analyze association between nerve activity (spike rate increase ratio, SRIR) at distension levels of 20, 40 and 80 cmH2O and mechanical stress and histomorphological changes of the jejunal segments. Compared with the Control group, the main findings in jejunal segments in the Fasting group were 1) Most histomorphometry parameters were reduced (P<0.05-P<0.001), 2) SRIR values were higher (P<0.001), 3) The relative numbers of intermuscular and submucosal neurons were increased (P<0.05- P<0.01), and 4) SRIR was negatively correlated with intestinal wall thickness, circumferential muscle layer thickness and positively correlated with the inner residual strain, the number of neurons, and the mechanical stress. In conclusion, the fasting-induced histomorphological remodeling (reduced wall thickness and increased relative number of neurons) and biomechanical remodeling (residual strain changes and high stress level) of the intestine in fasting rats were associated with hypersensitivity of intestinal afferents. Afferent hypersensitivity appears to be dependent on stress rather than on strain.
Microwave-Assisted Soda Pulping of the Banana Pseudo Stem (Musa Cavendish) for Pulp and Paper Production: Production, Characterization, and Optimization
Authors: Bedru Tesfaye kassaw , Majamo Samuel Latebo , Woday Yasin Ahmed , Garuma Workisa Bacha 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work investigates microwave soda pulping of the banana pseudo stem (Musa Cavendish), and process parameter optimization, morphological, chemical, and FTIR analysis. Response surface methodology, Box–Behnken designs were applied to investigate and find optimal microwave-assisted Soda pulping of the banana pseudo stem was carried out under different conditions. The influence of soda concentration (10, 12.5, and 15%), cooking temperature, (130,140, and 150 °C), and cooking time (15, 25, and 35 minutes) on the pulp yield and kappa number are studied. The optimal pulping (Active alkali 12.5%, at 140 °C for 25 minutes) of pulp yields about 37.2%, and a kappa number of 20.3% is obtained. The pulp was then made into 60 g/m 2 laboratory scale papers and their mechanical and surface properties were assessed. The results revealed that tensile index, tearing index, smoothness, and porosity was 79 Nm/g,19.1 mN.m 2 /g, 500-530µm, and 50 sec/100ml air respectively. The morphological analysis showed that the banana pseudo stem has a long fiber length (1750μm), tinny cell wall thickness (9.7μm), large lumen diameter (22.15μm), and thick fiber width (35.361μm) compared to hardwoods, agricultural residues, and bagasse. The chemical analysis revealed that the banana pseudo stem chemical composition includes cellulose (44.93%), hemicellulose (23.37 %), lignin (11.1%), ash (8.1%), and extractives (10.8%) were determined. This study indicates that high mechanical strength and good surface properties paper can be produced from banana pseudo stem pulp.
Immune-related basement membrane genes predict the immunotherapy and prognosis of ccRCC patients
Authors: Hou Junhui , Zhu Chunming , Wang Yuan , Wang Xia , Chen Xiaonan , Wang Kefeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Basement membrane (BM) genes are an important factor in the process of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Thus, identifying BM genes with prognostic values in ccRCC is critical.
Methods
The samples from TCGA were separated randomly into 2 cohorts, the training cohort, and the validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to identify prognostic BM genes. Then, nomogram was applied to predict prognosis at different clinicopathological stages and risk scores. GO and KEGG analyses were applied to identify the differentially expressed genes. Moreover, CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE scores were calculated between the high- and low-risk cohort.
Results
A prognostic risk model of four BM genes, including ADAMTS14, COL7A1, HSPG2, and TIMP3, was constructed. There were also significant differences in survival time between the high- and low-risk cohort for the validation cohort and the entire cohort. The risk model was validated as a new independent prognostic factor for ccRCC by univariate and multivariate Cox regression together with clinicopathological characteristics. The model can also analyze the possibility of immune escape and response to immunotherapy in ccRCC patients. In addition, the results of a pan-cancer analysis showed that these four model genes were associated with immune-related genes in a variety of cancers.
Conclusion
The signature of four BM genes had a significant prognostic value for ccRCC. They may be promising targets for therapy, especially immune therapy.
Bacterial community structure in the alcyoniid Lobophytum pauciflorum
Authors: Whalen Casey , Moya Aurelie , Cooke Ira , Bourne David G. , Miller David J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Corals are associated with diverse and abundant bacterial communities, some members of which may promote host health through the exclusion of pathogens, increased environmental resilience, and by extending metabolic pathways in the holobiont. Much of our understanding of the microbiomes associated with anthozoans is derived from studying Scleractinia, though the Alcyonacea also harbour diverse microbial communities. This study examined the bacterial community associated with the alcyoniid Lobophytum pauciflorum, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to document patterns between colonies and within the inner tissue, outer tissue and the mucus layer microhabitats. Tissue layers hosted similar bacterial communities, dominated by sequences affiliated with Endozoicomonadaceae, particularly the genus Parendozoicomonas. Sequences affiliated with Spirochaetaceae were also abundant in some colonies but were less evenly distributed among colonies. The bacterial community associated with the mucus layer was distinct from the tissue layers and its phylogenetic diversity was two-fold higher. The results from this study demonstrate that L. pauciflorum hosts a diverse bacterial community that is relatively stable at the colony level. Importantly, this study identifies the microhabitat specific communities that may have important roles in Alcyonacea health.
The Association of Serum Heat Shock Protein 72 and Intestinal Permeability with Intestinal Microbiota and Clinical Severity in Patients with Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Zhu Jiahui , Ding Jiao , Dai Yijie , Hu Shuqi , Yang Bingjie , Fan Xuemei , Tang Bo , Zhang Hao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the comparison and relationship between serum heat shock protein 72 (sHSP72) and intestinal permeability in patients with cerebral infarction (CI) and healthy individuals to elucidate the link to gut microbiota alterations and clinical severity of CI.
Methods
Stool samples of 50 CI patients and 46 healthy volunteers were applied to characterize intestinal flora profile through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Composition difference and taxon evaluation were observed. sHSP72 and zonulin were assayed using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Medical comorbidities and dietary habits were acquired using questionnaires and partial biochemical index were recorded. The obtained data were then subjected to comparative and correlative analysis.
Results
We found that the levels of zonulin and sHSP72 were significantly higher in CI group compared to the healthy group. Strikingly, sHSP72 and zonulin levels were positively correlated in CI group. After adjustment for age, gender, medical comorbidities and biochemical index, sHSP72 and zonulin levels correlated positively with clinical severity of CI. In the CI patient group, the abundance of bacteria Eubacterium_fissicatena_group, Eubacterium_eligens_group and Romboutsia manifested remarkably positive correlation with sHSP72. The abundance of bacteria Eubacterium_fissicatena_group and Acetivibrio were significantly positive correlation with zonulin levels. The CI group had a decreased abundance of Eubacterium_fissicatena_group, Eubacterium_eligens_group and Romboutsia, and an increased abundance of Acetivibrio.
Conclusion
Our findings represented that an increase in sHSP72 and zonulin levels were manifested in patients with CI and related to specific gut microbiota alterations and the clinical severity of CI.
Additions to the cryptogamic lichen biota from the Republic of India from Tamil Nadu
Authors: N Rajaprabu , P Ponmurugan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The population diversity of lichen species was studied by the family multiplicity in different sites from various lichen growth forms from the Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats, and the Coastal regions of Sedhu Samuthra, Coramantal and Madras Marina in Tamil Nadu state of the Indian Republic. There are 3,005 lichen taxa and subspecies known from the Indian subcontinent. So far, 938 species have been discovered within the geographical boundaries of Tamil Nadu, making it the state with the second-highest diversity of cryptogamic lichens. This collection was found to contain 150 species from 65 genera, among which 41 species were introduced for the state, regional, and national lichen biota. From the ten substrata, Corticolous was the most adhesive and adorable habitat for lichen(s) growth, with 149 taxa, followed by Lignicolous (143), and the fewest lichen species were grown on Lichenicolous (10) and Foliicolous (09). About the study, we include 3 species that were new records for Indian country, 11 species that are new to the Tamil Nadu State lichen biota, 15 species for the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, 12 species for Southern India, and Marine lichens. 16 species were new to the Megamalai Tiger Reserve Forest from Cumbum valley. Among the collected species, the common (vernacular) name of the lichen(s) was included. Due to the richness and abundance of natural diversity, the population ecosystem must be explored using artificial intelligence and technology-based customised studies for the benefit of future generations' learning and research.
Calcium promotes persistent soil organic matter by altering microbial transformation of plant litter
Authors: Shabtai Itamar , Wilhelm Roland , Schweizer Steffen , Hoeschen Carmen , Buckley Daniel , Lehmann Johannes 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Calcium (Ca) can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) persistence by mediating physico-chemical interactions between organic compounds and minerals. Yet, Ca is also crucial for microbial adhesion, potentially affecting colonization of plant and mineral surfaces. The relative importance of Ca as a mediator of microbe-mineral-organic matter interactions and resulting SOC transformation has hereto been overlooked. We incubated 44Ca labeled soils with 13C15N labeled leaf litter to study the effects of Ca on microbial transformation of plant litter and formation of mineral associated organic matter. Ca additions promoted hyphae-forming bacteria, which often specialize in colonizing surfaces, increased incorporation of plant litter into microbial biomass by 20% and carbon use efficiency by 40%, and reduced cumulative CO2 emission by 5%, while promoting associations between minerals and microbial byproducts of plant litter. These findings expand the role of Ca in SOC persistence from solely a driver of physico-chemical reactions to a mediator of coupled abiotic-biotic cycling of SOC.
Enhancement of shelf life of Citrus Limon L. (Lemon) using plasma activated water
Authors: Rathore Vikas , Nema Sudhir Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present study investigates the impact of plasma-activated water (PAW) on the shelf life of Lemon (Citrus Limon L.). PAW is generated through atmospheric pressure air dielectric barrier discharge using a pencil plasma jet. The plasma interacted with water for different time intervals to produce PAW of varying reactivity. The voltage-current waveform of the plasma is characterized, and the species/radicals formed in the plasma are detected using optical emission spectroscopy.
The results of the study indicate that a 30-minute exposure of lemons to PAW results in a significantly higher reduction of microbial load on the lemon surface compared to the control (ultrapure milli-Q water). In addition, the PAW exposure of lemons resulted in lower weight loss and spoilage compared to the control over a long duration. The sensory evaluation (smell, appearance, taste) and color evaluation (L*, a*, b*) showed that PAW exposed lemons have shown improved acceptability compared to lemons exposed to the control. The surface firmness test also revealed that PAW exposure did not damage the lemon surface. The analysis of lemon juice nutrients (titratable acidity, sugar, carbohydrate, protein, and vitamin C) and antioxidant activity (total phenols, flavonoids, DPPH and ABTS assay) indicated that the interaction of PAW with lemons did not result in significant changes in these aspects compared to the control. Lastly, the 2-month long-term storage of lemons after PAW and control exposure showed that lemons exposed to PAW had acceptable quality, wherein lemons exposed to control were completely spoiled and covered with mold. The study reveals that PAW has the potential to be used as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical food preservatives.
The Co-Use of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Bone Marrow Concentrate
for Tendon Healing
Authors: Aydın Emin Yusuf , Aşık Mehmet , Aydın Halil Murat , Çay Nurdan , Gümüşkaya Berrak , Çağlayan Ayça , Torabi Ali , Yüksel Sümeyye , Veizi Enejd , Bozkurt Murat 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
The Achilles tendon is the most frequently injured tendon in the human body, despite
being the strongest. Many conventional treatments including medication, surgical interventions, and
physical therapy are available, however, the desired results are often not achieved. Stromal vascular fraction
(SVF) and bone marrow concentrate (BMC) are two additional cellular treatment options. The purpose
of this study is to evaluate the effect of SVF and BMC, used as a combination, for the treatment of
Achilles tendon injuries.

Methods:
Five male New Zealand rabbits were used for each of the 6 study groups. A 3-mm of SVF and
BMC were injected on the Achilles tendons at certain ratios. The histological results were classified by
the Movin grading system for tendon healing. The collagen type-I and type-III structures in the tendons
were examined by immunohistochemical evaluation. The expressions of tendon-specific genes were also
examined by using the RT-PCR method to analyze tendon healing.

Results:
Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation indicated that tendons receiving the SVF and
BMAC mixture performed better than control and individual groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, RT-PCR evaluation
showed that mixture-receiving groups were the closest similar to the uninjured group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The combined use of BMC and SVF improved Achilles tendon healing when compared to
the individual use of each mixture.
Quality Control of Gene Expression Data Allows Accurate Quantification
of Differentially Expressed Biological Pathways
Authors: Soloviev Mikhail , Reed Ellen , Ferrari Enrico 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Gene expression signatures provide a promising diagnostic tool for many
diseases, including cancer. However, there remain multiple issues related to the quality of gene expression
data, which may impede the analysis and interpretation of differential gene expression in
cancer.

Objective:
We aimed to address existing issues related to the quality of gene expression data and to
devise improved quality control (QC) and expression data processing procedures.

Methods:
Linear regression analysis was applied to gene expression datasets generated from diluted
and pre-mixed matched breast cancer and normal breast tissue samples. Datapoint outliers were identified
and removed, and accurate expression values corresponding to cancer and normal tissues were
recalculated.

Results:
We achieved a 27% increase in the number of identifiable differentially regulated genes and
a similar reduction in the number of false positives identified from microarray DEG data. Our approach
reduced technical errors and improved the accuracy and precision of determining the degree
of DEG but did not remove biological outliers, such as naturally variably expressed genes. We also
determined the linear dynamic range of microarray assay directly from expression data, which allowed
accurate quantification of differentially expressed entire pathways.

Conclusion:
The improved QC allowed accurate discrimination of genes by the degree of their upregulation,
which helped to reveal an intricate and highly tuned network of biological pathways and
their regulation in cancer. We were able, for the first time, to quantify the degree of transcriptional
upregulation of entire individual biological pathways upregulated in breast cancer. It can be concluded
that the vast majority of DEG data that are publicly available today may have been generated using
sub-optimal experimental design, lacking preparations required for genuinely accurate and quantitative
analysis.
Food Fortification Using Essential Fatty Acids and Antioxidants: A Short
Review
Authors: Rege Sameera , Varshneya Megha , Momin Shamim 
Published: February 2023

Abstracts:
‘Health is wealth’ is an old saying. It implies that good health is more important than
wealth. Food influences health conditions. A balanced nutritious diet is the key to good health.
Consumption of non-nutritious food causes malnutrition because of insufficient nutrients. Prolonged
deficiencies of certain nutrients lead to serious problems. When the deficiencies are detected,
they can be recovered by proper supplementation based on medical prescription in proper
doses, i.e., through tablets or injections. It is advisable to avoid such deficiencies by having a
nutritious diet. In this context, functional food can be designed to cater to consumers’ needs.
Functional food is designed via fortification of food by adding certain nutraceuticals, such as
vitamins and essential fatty acids, in a proper proportion. The added nutrients should give a synergistic
effect so that the nutritive value of the food can be elevated. Essential fatty acids play a
vital role in the progress of the physical and mental health of the human beings. The property of
essential fatty acids to undergo degradation can be prevented by using antioxidants. In this review
paper, the design of functional food by using essential fatty acids and antioxidants is discussed.
The synergistic effect of beneficial activities of essential fatty acids and antioxidants can be
achieved in a single functional food.