bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Distractive Testing by Nanosecond Nd: Yag Laser Technique as Alternative Method to Find Nano -ZnO/Al Properties
Authors: Zamil Narjis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Aluminum alloy is widely used in automotive and aircraft due to supper properties such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, good impact resistance, good thermal conductivity, excellent castability, and high wear resistance, etc., mechanical properties enhanced by controlling of additional materials, alloying elements, casting process parameters, solidify rates, heat treatments. The paper describes ‘Non-destructive testing (NDT)’ as a material testing method that is less damaging or inducing helpfulness to give information about a material or component.
Methods
An experimental study employing the laser shock wave technique is performed to examine the physical characteristics of Aluminum before and after covering its surface with ZnO nanoparticles and compare it with the classical testing technique. The NDT experimental data depends on studying high-resolution optical microscopy images by studying the track effect induced by different energy of nanosecond Nd-YAG laser; the shock wave plays a vital role in causing atomic excitation.
Results
The time duration of the applied laser-induced shock wave is close to the laser pulse for the Al before coating; it decreased after being covered Al by nano ZnO dissolved in water and ethanol medium due to confinement to the surface by a transparent layer; average shock pressures are (5.6, 26,26.12 ) GPa for Al, ZnO dissolved in water /Al, and ZnO dissolved in ethanol /Al, respectively, the mechanical properties results and behaviors of NDT by LSP are comparable to the classical methods (Tensile test and Vicker hardness). The strain and hardness increased after overlaying Al with ZnO nanoparticles while decreasing the Young modulus; the hardness increased by about 4.4 after depositing n-ZnO dissolved in ethanol on Al. The zinc oxide particles deposited on aluminum may also act as a dopant, changing the aluminum's electrical properties, lowering electrical resistivity, and increasing electrical current.
Conclusions
Dependent on NDLT and classical results, the NDLT results have good agreement with classical methods; it is a good technique employed as an alternative method to find acoustic material properties and mechanical properties; NDLT is a suitable, precision, accurate, cheaper, and non-distractive manner applied to examine the acoustic properties of different materials in the future.
Health consciousness and pro-environmental behaviors in an Italian representative sample: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Castellini Greta , Acampora Marta , Provenzi Livio , Cagliero Lucia , Lucini Luigi , Barello Serena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Individual behavior is one of the most influential factors affecting both environmental change and chronic disease development. To encourage behaviors bringing about environmental and health co-benefits, it is important to understand the underlying factors of behavior change for healthy and sustainable lifestyles. One area of potential overlap concerns people's health consciousness. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between health consciousness and pro-environmental behavior. We investigated whether health consciousness correlates with five clusters of pro-environmental behaviors: sustainable food consumption, recycling, green purchasing, sustainable mobility, and energy saving. Research data were collected via cross-sectional survey involving a representative sample of 1001 Italian citizens. Statistically significant differences emerged in the frequency of the different classes of pro-environmental behaviors: Italians most frequently implement sustainable behaviors related to energy saving and recycling while sustainable mobility behaviors are the least implemented. Moreover, stepwise linear regression model demonstrated the predictive role of citizens’ health consciousness on the adoption of specific classes of pro-environmental behaviors showing how higher involvement in one’s own health determines higher levels of pro-environmental behaviors. This evidence highlights the importance of creating educational interventions and campaigns to increase involvement in health in order to rise pro-environmental behaviors.
The 5-HT4 receptor agonist, Velusetrag, rescues GI dysfunction, gut inflammation and dysbiosis in the A53T αS mouse model of Parkinson’s Disease.
Authors: Colla Emanuela , Grigoletto Jessica , Miraglia Fabiana , Benvenuti Laura , Pellegrini Carolina , Soldi Sara , Galletti Serena , Cattaneo Antonino , Pich Emilio Merlo , Grimaldi Maria , Vesci Loredana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), constipation is common, and it appears in a prodromal stage before the hallmark motor symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate whether Velusetrag, a selective 5‑HT4 receptor agonist, may be a suitable candidate to improve intestinal motility in a mouse model of PD. Five months old PrP human A53T alpha-synuclein transgenic mice, which display severe constipation along with decreased colonic cholinergic transmission already at 3 months, were treated daily with the drug for 4 weeks. Velusetrag treatment reduced constipation by significantly stimulating both the longitudinal and circular-driven contractions and improved inflammation by reducing the level of serum and colonic IL-1β and TNFα and by decreasing the number of GFAP-positive glia cells in the colon of treated mice. No downregulation of the 5-HT4 receptor was observed but instead Velusetrag seemed to induce axonal regeneration in the colon, stimulating the AKT pathway. Ultimately, Velusetrag restored a well-balanced intestinal microbial composition comparable to non transgenic mice. Based on these promising data, we are confident that Velusetrag is potentially eligible for clinical studies to treat constipation in PD patients.
Adrenomedullin mediates lung metastasis of colorectal cancer through CRLR receptor
Authors: Fang Yanfei , Xu Xutao , Lian Qingwu , Yao Lingya , Lin Zhenghua , Wang Lan , Chen Shujie , Xue Meng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The current study investigated adrenomedullin (ADM) as a potential autocrine regulator of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.
Methods: The expression levels of ADM and calcitonin receptor–like receptor (CRLR) mRNA in 26 primary colorectal tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues were analyzed by quantitative real time (qRT)-PCR. And CRLR expression in 7 CRC cell lines was tested by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell migration, invasion and lung metastasis were detected in vitro and in vivo after exogenous ADM stimulation and silencing of CRLR.
Results: We found that the expression levels of ADM and CRLR were significantly higher in colon cancers than those in adjacent nontumorous tissues. In addition, the expression levels of ADM and CRLR in CRC were correlated with UICC stage, 7lymph node metastasis and differentiated degree. Exogenous ADM promoted the migration of RKO and HT-29 cells, and RNA silencing of CRLR in colon cancer cells blocked ADM-induced migration and invasion, suggesting that CRLR might be involved in the autocrine actions of ADM. Xenograft tumors with CRLR knockdown had dramatically reduced lung metastasis compared to control cells.
Conclusions: This study describes the important roles of ADM in potentiating the aggressive characteristics of CRC, and the CRLR receptor was identified as being critical for these effects. These observations provide significant insights into the multifaceted role of ADM in CRC. Combined with the known importance of ADM as an angiogenic factor, these data generally support the further development of CRLR as a potential therapeutic target of CRC.
Comparison of accuracy of different lymph node ratio grouping systems in predicting prognosis of Stage IV colon cancer
Authors: E Yimin , Sun Sizheng , Huang Yicheng , Lu Chen , Fan XiaoYu , Chu Chaoshun , Yu Chunzhao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
With the improvement of surgical treatment, many studies have questioned the accuracy of the AJCC staging system in that it ignores examined lymph nodes (ELNs). Lymph node ratio (LNR) is supposed to make up for this deficiency. The aim of this study is to compare the prognostic performance of different LNR grouping systems relative to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th N staging system in stage IV colon cancer.
Methods
Approximately 8672 patients undergoing primary surgical resection of stage IV colon cancer were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database. The Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) were used to distinguish the prognostic performance of different LNR and AJCC 8th N staging systems.
Results
Among 8672 colon cancer patients with distant metastasis, 7322 (84.43%) had lymph node involvement, and the median of ELNs was 17. The Group2 staging system of LNR (cutoff points: 1/14; 0.25; 0.50) was superior to the 8th AJCC-N staging system and other LNR grouping systems, with the most considerable discrimination power (C-index, 0.711; AIC, 121419.1), and showed an advantage in any of the ELNs. When models were used as categorical cutoff variables for further clinical application, The second LNR grouping system outperformed the other three schemes with either ELNs less than 12 (C-index, 0.723; AIC, 16735.24), between 12 and 25 (C-index, 0.707; AIC, 76007.79), or more than 25(C-index, 0.701; AIC, 15613.2) with increasing C-index and less AIC value.
Conclusion
When evaluating different LNR grouping systems and the 8th AJCC-N staging system, regardless of ELNs, the second LNR grouping system (the cut-off value of LNR was 1/14; 0.25; 0.50) showed the best discrimination and goodness of fit in predicting survival in stage IV colon cancer patients.
Analysis of quality changes and hot air drying characteristics of Xinjiang jujube (Zizyphus jujuba cv. Junzao) by hang on trees drying
Authors: Xu Chao , Yi Xiaokang , Hu Can , Yang Qiaonan , Li Jie , Yang Yi , Zhang Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the changes in quality indicators and hot air drying characteristics of jujube during the natural hang on trees drying stage, and to determine the optimal picking period for Xinjiang jujube suitable to drying and processing, samples were collected six times in a 7-day cycle, respectively denoted as S1-S6, research the effects of different picking stages on the nutrient content, color, hot air drying kinetics and drying quality of Xinjiang jujube during hang on trees drying. The results showed that the water content of jujube gradually decreased; the percentage of soluble solids, total and reducing sugars increased, but the total mass of those in a single jujube decreased, and the percentage of ascorbic acid and total mass decreased during the natural drying process. The hot air drying time is different at different picking stages. The highest ascorbic acid content after hot air drying is 87.14 mg/100 g for jujube at stage S4. with a decreasing trend in cracking rate after drying from S1 to S6 and an increasing trend in rehydration. Used AHP to evaluate the quality comprehensively, found that jujube picked at S4 were more suitable for drying and processing.
IL-6 and IL-17 may provide a potential link between hypertension and long-COVID sequelae in hemodialysis patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Stepanova Natalia , Driianska Victoria , Rysyev Andriy , Ostapenko Tetyana , Kalinina Nataliia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
The mechanisms underlying long COVID in patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) are not yet fully understood. We hypothesized that uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) before infection might contribute to the development of long-COVID symptoms in HD patients through upregulation of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17 production, possibly associated with severe acute COVID-19. In the present cross-sectional study, we examined serum IL-6 and IL-17 levels at two time points after acute COVID-19 infection taking into account preinfection BP and the presence of long-COVID sequelae in HD patients.
Results
A total of 80 HD patients aged 56 (44–63.2) years with a dialysis vintage of 4.7 (3.3 − 7.08) years who had experienced COVID-19 at least 5 months before enrollment were included in this cross-sectional study. We found that preinfection uncontrolled BP was associated with long-COVID sequelae in HD patients. Both hypertension and long COVID resulted in elevated IL-6 and IL-17 concentrations, peaking in patients with both conditions and decreasing over time after COVID-19 possibly reflecting Th17-related systemic inflammation during the acute phase of COVID-19.
Performance Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on 2D Nanomaterial
Authors: Ouardi Mohamed Esseddik , Tayeboun Fatima , Meradi Kada A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional materials are becoming increasingly popular among researchers, commonly used in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. The usage of a different glass for the prism (BK7) and adding a thin film of Silicon dioxide (SiO2) allowed to enhance the sensitivity of the SPR sensor, the performances of the latter were measured using sensitivity, figure of merit (FOM) and the detection accuracy. The structure was improved by changing some materials along with the structural parameters in order to gain in performance. The results showed that using BK7 glass and adding a transition metal dichalcogenide ‘Platinum diselenide’ (PtSe2) with a thin layer of Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and Boron phosphide (BP) over a gold (Au) layer of the conventional structure improved the performances of our sensor. The maximum sensitivity measured is 240°/RIU with a figure of merit of 26.90RIU− 1. The high sensitivity proposed sensor can be applied for biosensing in order to detect biological samples.
Prophylactic drainage versus non-drainage following gastric cancer surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies
Authors: Pang Hua-Yang , Chen Li-Hui , Chen Xiu-Feng , Yan Meng-Hua , Chen Zhi-Xiong , Sun Hao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The role of prophylactic drainage (PD) in gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) is not well-established. The purpose of this study is to compare the perioperative outcomes between the PD and non-drainage (ND) in GC patients undergoing gastrectomy.
Methods
A systematic review of electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure was performed up to December 2022. All eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies were included and meta-analyzed separately. The registration number of this protocol is PROSPERO CRD42022371102.
Results
Overall, 7 RCTs (783 patients) and 14 observational studies (4359 patients) were ultimately included. Data from RCTs indicated that patients in the ND group had a lower total complications rate (OR = 0.68; 95%CI:0.47–0.98; P = 0.04; I2 = 0%), earlier time to soft diet (MD=-0.27; 95%CI: -0.55 to 0.00; P = 0.05; I2 = 0%) and shorter length of hospital stay (MD=-0.98; 95%CI: -1.71 to -0.26; P = 0.007; I2 = 40%). While other outcomes including anastomotic leakage, duodenal stump leakage, pancreatic leakage, intra-abdominal abscess, surgical-site infection, pulmonary infection, need for additional drainage, reoperation rate, readmission rate and mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. Meta-analyses on observational studies showed good agreement with the pooled results from RCTs, with higher statistical power.
Conclusion
The present meta-analysis suggests that routine use of PD may not be necessary and even harmful in GC patients following gastrectomy. However, well-designed RCTs with risk-stratified randomization are still needed to validate the results of our study.
Clinical prognosis and related molecular features of hepatitis B associated adolescent and young adult hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lv Tao , Zhang Bo , Xu Xi , Jiang Chenhao , Zheng Daofeng , He Diao , Zhou Yongjie , Yang Jiayin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Little attention has been paid on the pathogenesis of adolescent and young adult (AYA) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while due to the more advanced tumor progression and poorer prognosis of AYA-HCC, together with their better tolerance ability, non-cirrhotic background and stronger willingness to treatment, therefore, related clinical and molecular biology researches are urgent and necessary, especially for those with Hepatitis B infection. Methods For clinical aspect, the overall survival, recurrence-free survival and COX analysis were performed. Then, function analysis, gene clustering, metabolic-related analysis, immune infiltration and competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) construction were carried out using whole transcriptome sequencing technique. Results Based on the clinical information of our HCC cohort, the overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were worse in the young group than in the older group as previously described. According to our whole transcriptome sequencing results, functional analysis revealed that metabolism-related pathways as well as protein translation and endoplasmic reticulum processing were enriched. Then the hub metabolism-related genes were screened by metabolite-protein interactions (MPIs) and protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Among the metabolic pathways, fatty acid metabolism is of great significance, abnormalities in which may be the reason for worse prognosis of HBV-AYA HCC. Finally, the relationship of disrupted expression of metabolism-related genes with immune infiltration was also analyzed, and the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA related ceRNA network for HBV-AYA HCC were constructed, which may provide new cues for HBV-AHA HCC prevention. Conclusions The worse prognosis and recurrence rate of HBV-AYA HCC may be related to abnormalities in metabolism-related pathways, especially disorder of fatty acid metabolism.
Effect of exhaust gas recirculation on emission, combustion and performance of DI-CI engine fueled with alcohol/diesel blends
Authors: Mishra Ved Prakash , Barman Shambhunath , Mondal Pradip 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, in spite of stringent emission norms, air quality index and fossil resource have been degrading, due to increasing demand of fossil fuel, to meet the direct-indirect requirement of fast-growing population. 2nd generation feedstocks (agricultural residual) based alcohols could add renewability to petroleum-based diesel and reduce diesel engine emissions. This research work sets out to investigate the effect of EGR on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a VCR diesel engine fuelled with ethanol and butanol blended 12% volumetrically in diesel. The test fuel containing 12%v/v of ethanol and butanol (designated as E12D88 and B12D88) in diesel were experimented at 6 different loads (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12Kg) and compared with D100. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of B12D88 fuel was similar to that of pure diesel (D100), better than E12D88. NOx emission for B12D88 was higher than E12D88, lower than D100 and increased with increase in load for all tested fuel. HC and CO emission for E12D88 was higher than D100 and B12D88. Combustion duration (CD), maximum in-cylinder pressure (CPmax), maximum neat heat released (NHRmax) and maximum mean gas temperature (MGTmax) for the tested fuels were in the sequence: D100 > B12D88 > E12D88, D100 > B12D88 > E12D88, E12D88 > D100 > B12D88 and E12D88 > D100 > B12D88, respectively. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) with 5% and 10% opening were used with B12D88 (designated as B12D88EGR5 and B12D88EGR10). With increase in EGR percentage from 5–10% BTE and BSFC of the B12D88 fuel was improved at higher loading, NOx emission was reduced and was better than E12D88, CO and HC emission increased considerably. With increase in EGR percentage there is drop in CPmax, MGT, ignition delay, NHRmax and increase in CD.
Differences in the secondary metabolites of different varieties of black tea and evaluation of their disease-resistance activity
Authors: Liu Zhongying , Zhang Tuo , Ran Qiansong , Fang Shimao , Pan Ke , Long Lin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Rich secondary metabolites render black tea its unique flavor and health benefits, making it the most widely consumed tea in the world. Yet, few studies have investigated the differences in secondary metabolites between black-tea varieties and whether secondary metabolites have antidisease activity. Using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics and the Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Systems Pharmacology Platform database, this study investigated differences in the secondary metabolites of varieties of black tea, including Fuding Dabai (FD), Golden Guanyin (JGY), Golden Peony (JMD), Qianmei 601 (Q601), and Qiancha 1 (Q). Then, the antidisease activity of their secondary metabolites was evaluated. A total of 657 secondary metabolites were identified in the different black-tea varieties. Among them, 183 metabolites had antidisease activity, 113 were key active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), 73.22% had multiple antidisease activities, and all were mainly flavonoids and phenolic acids. The specific differential metabolites of FD vs JGY, FD vs JMD, FD vs Q, and FD vs Q601 and their disease-resistance activities were (67, 17), (24, 5), (26, 6), and (65, 8), respectively. The main enriched metabolic pathways were phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, flavonoid biosynthesis, and metabolic pathways, with four, four, six, and five key metabolites, respectively. Flavonoid and phenolic acid secondary metabolites were more correlated with antidisease activity and key active TCM ingredients.
Conclusion: The types of secondary metabolites were consistent among the different black-tea varieties, while the relative contents differed significantly, with greater differences in secondary metabolites between JGY and Q601. Flavonoid and phenolic acid secondary metabolites were the main contributors to the differences in secondary metabolites and the disease-resistance activity of different black-tea varieties, followed by lignans with coumarins, alkaloids, and tannins also contributing to disease-resistance activity. These findings improve our understanding of the secondary metabolites and health benefits of different varieties of black tea.