bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety Aspects and Procedural Characteristics of Ambulatory Diagnostic Cerebral Catheter Angiography
Authors: Behrens Lars , Adam Andreas , Rubeck Anna , Schiele Stefan , Müller Gernot , Abrishami Yalda , Berlis Ansgar , Maurer Christoph J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Diagnostic cerebral catheter angiography is used to assess a variety of neurovascular pathologies especially in patients before and after endovascular neurointerventional treatment. In many centers diagnostic cerebral angiographies are performed with the patient staying for one night in the hospital because there are not yet sufficient data on the safety of ambulatory cerebral angiography. At the same time hospitals face a growing demand to perform ambulatory medical procedures.

Methods
A total of 426 ambulatory diagnostic cerebral angiographies were retrospectively analyzed. Technical details of the angiographies were analyzed to identify procedural risk factors.

Results
Out of 426 patients 14 (3.3%) had some form of complication, 3 developed minor transient neurological symptoms, 1 patient developed Quincke’s edema probably as an adverse reaction to contrast agent, 1 patient had an asymptomatic carotid dissection and 1 had a fall of unknown etiology. Of the 14 complications 8 were puncture site complications with 1 re-bleeding, 1 dissection, and 6 minor complications, 421 punctures were femoral, 3 radial and 2 brachial. Out of 333 patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after angiography 21 showed focal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesions but none of these lesions were symptomatic. The rate of DWI lesions was significantly higher in selectively angiography territories than in other territories. The use of a Simmons 2 catheter significantly increased the rate of DWI lesions (p = 0.047), whereas 3D rotational angiography did not (p = 0.55). The rate of DWI lesions per selectively accessed vessel was 4.6% with a higher rate in the anterior than in the posterior circulation.

Conclusion
Diagnostic cerebral catheter angiography can be safely performed in an ambulatory setting.
ADGRL1 is a glucose receptor involved in mediating energy and glucose homeostasis
Authors: Chhabra Kavaljit H. , Bathina Siresha , Faniyan Tumininu S. , Samuel Dennis J. , Raza Muhammad Ummear , de Souza Cordeiro Leticia Maria , Viana Di Prisco Gonzalo , Atwood Brady K. , Robles Jorge , Bainbridge Lauren , Davis Autumn 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The brain is a major consumer of glucose as an energy source and regulates systemic glucose as well as energy balance. Although glucose transporters such as GLUT2 and sodium−glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) are known to regulate glucose homeostasis and metabolism, the identity of a receptor that binds glucose to activate glucose signalling pathways in the brain is unknown. In this study, we aimed to discover a glucose receptor in the mouse hypothalamus.

Methods
Here we used a high molecular mass glucose–biotin polymer to enrich glucose-bound mouse hypothalamic neurons through cell-based affinity chromatography. We then subjected the enriched neurons to proteomic analyses and identified adhesion G-protein coupled receptor 1 (ADGRL1) as a top candidate for a glucose receptor. We validated glucose–ADGRL1 interactions using CHO cells stably expressing human ADGRL1 and ligand–receptor binding assays. We generated and determined the phenotype of global Adgrl1-knockout mice and hypothalamus-specific Adgrl1-deficient mice. We measured the variables related to glucose and energy homeostasis in these mice. We also generated an Adgrl1Cre mouse model to investigate the role of ADGRL1 in sensing glucose using electrophysiology.

Results
Adgrl1 is highly expressed in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) in mice. Lack of Adgrl1 in the VMH in mice caused fasting hyperinsulinaemia, enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and insulin resistance. In addition, the Adgrl1-deficient mice had impaired feeding responses to glucose and fasting coupled with abnormal glucose sensing and decreased physical activity before development of obesity and hyperglycaemia. In female mice, ovariectomy was necessary to reveal the contribution of ADGRL1 to energy and glucose homeostasis.

Conclusions/interpretation
Altogether, our findings demonstrate that ADGRL1 binds glucose and is involved in energy as well as glucose homeostasis in a sex-dependent manner. Targeting ADGRL1 may introduce a new class of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Graphical Abstract
Revision total knee arthroplasty results in financial deficits within the Swiss healthcare system
Authors: Jud Lukas , Gautschi Nora , Möller Soeren , Möller Klaus , Giesinger Karlmeinrad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeRevision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) results in high costs with inadequately low reimbursement in different healthcare systems. Therefore, a financial analysis was performed comparing costs and reimbursements of primary total knee arthroplasty (PTKA) versus RTKA using financial and total knee arthroplasty‐register data from a large tertiary hospital, the Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen (KSSG), Switzerland.MethodsAll PTKA and RTKA performed between January 2012 and September 2019 at the KSSG were included. Financial and TKA‐register data for each case were collected, including detailed cost allocation, reimbursement, patients’ insurance status, type and indication for surgery and length of hospital stay. RTKA was further subdivided in one‐stage and two‐stage RTKA. Direct hospital costs were analyzed and compared to reimbursement in both groups. Cost‐coverage ratios were calculated.Results730 PTKA and 106 RTKA were included. The RTKA group contained 66 one‐stage and 40 two‐stage RTKA. Cost‐coverage ratio for PTKA and RTKA showed to be 110.9% and 81.3%, respectively. Cost‐coverage ratio was lower for two‐stage RTKA than for one‐stage RTKA with 74.1% and 92.3%, respectively.ConclusionRTKA leads to financial deficits especially for tertiary hospitals within the Swiss healthcare system. Restructuring of the reimbursements for PTKA and RTKA should be considered in favor of RTKA. Otherwise, tertiary hospitals will face a growing financial burden with the constantly increasing annual number of RTKA procedures, predominantly performed in this type of hospitals.Level of evidenceIII.
Prenylation of dimeric cyclo-l-Trp-l-Trp by the promiscuous cyclo-l-Trp-l-Ala prenyltransferase EchPT1
Authors: Li Wen , Xie Xiulan , Liu Jing , Yu Huili , Li Shu-Ming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Prenyltransferases (PTs) from the dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase (DMATS) superfamily are known as efficient biocatalysts and mainly catalyze regioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of tryptophan and tryptophan-containing cyclodipeptides (CDPs). They can also use other unnatural aromatic compounds as substrates and play therefore a pivotal role in increasing structural diversity and biological activities of a broad range of natural and unnatural products. In recent years, several prenylated dimeric CDPs have been identified with wide range of bioactivities. In this study, we demonstrate the production of prenylated dimeric CDPs by chemoenzymatic synthesis with a known promiscuous enzyme EchPT1, which uses cyclo-l-Trp-l-Ala as natural substrate for reverse C2-prenylation. High product yields were achieved with EchPT1 for C3-N1′ and C3-C3′ linked dimers of cyclo-l-Trp-l-Trp. Isolation and structural elucidation confirmed the product structures to be reversely C19/C19′-mono- and diprenylated cyclo-l-Trp-l-Trp dimers. Our study provides an additional example for increasing structural diversity by prenylation of complex substrates with known biosynthetic enzymes.

Key points
• Chemoenzymatic synthesis of prenylated cyclo-l-Trp-l-Trp dimers
• Same prenylation pattern and position for cyclodipeptides and their dimers.
• Indole prenyltransferases such as EchPT1 can be widely used as biocatalysts.

Graphical Abstract
Surgical Anatomy of Transversus Abdominis Muscle for Transversus Abdominis Release: A CT‐Based Study in Three Patient Groups
Authors: Afaque Md Yusuf , Qaseem Syed Mohammad Danish , Shah Mudasir Ashraf , Kujur Maikal , Rab Atia Zaka Ur , Rizvi Syed Amjad Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe anatomy of the transversus abdominis muscle and its aponeurosis is important in transversus abdominis release surgery. We studied the CT anatomy of the transversus abdominis muscle medial to the linea semilunaris at different levels in the abdomen and measured the thickness of this muscle.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we analysed 150 abdominal computed tomography at L1, L3, and L5 vertebral levels corresponding to subxiphoid, umbilical, and suprapubic regions, respectively. The patients were divided into three groups based on age and sex: women aged 15–20 years (nulliparous), women aged 30–60 years (multiparous), and men aged 15–60 years, with each group having 50 patients. We compared the thickness of the TA muscle at the L1 level between men and women and between nulliparous and multiparous women.ResultsTransversus abdominis muscle was consistently present medial to the linea semilunaris at L1 vertebral level in the subxiphoid region (150/150). At the L3 vertebral level in the mid‐abdomen, only eight patients had the transversus abdominis muscle there (8/150, 5%). At the L5 vertebral level in the suprapubic region, no patient had the transversus abdominis muscle medial to the linea semilunaris. The mean thickness of the transversus abdominis muscle at the L1 level was 3.4 mm, and at the L3 level, it was 1.6 mm. There was no statistically significant difference in the transversus abdominis muscle thickness between the men and women; however, a significant difference was found between the nulliparous and multiparous women, with thinner TA muscle in later.ConclusionThere is good transversus abdominis muscle bulk medial to the linea semilunaris for doing transversus abdominis muscle division in the upper abdomen. However, as we move towards the mid‐abdomen, we have TA aponeurosis or rarely TA muscle of little bulk.
Impairment of oculomotor functions in patients with early to advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Aust Elisa , Graupner Sven-Thomas , Günther René , Linse Katharina , Joos Markus , Grosskreutz Julian , Prudlo Johannes , Pannasch Sebastian , Hermann Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) can result into an incomplete locked in state (iLIS), in which communication depends on eye tracking computer devices. Oculomotor function impairments in ALS have been reported, but there is little research, particularly with respect to patients in iLIS. In the present study, we compared reflexive and executive oculomotor function by means of an eye tracking test battery between three groups: advanced ALS patients in iLIS (n = 22), patients in early to middle ALS stages (n = 44) and healthy subjects (n = 32). Patients with ALS showed significant deteriorations in oculomotor functions, with stronger impairments in iLIS. More specifically, ALS patients produced visually guided prosaccades with longer latencies and more frequent hypometria compared to healthy subjects. Longest latencies were obtained in iLIS patients, with a stronger prolongation for vertical than for horizontal prosaccades. ALS patients made more antisaccade errors and generated antisaccades with longer latencies. Smooth pursuit was also impaired in ALS. In the earlier ALS stages, bulbar onset patients presented stronger antisaccade and smooth pursuit deficits than spinal onset patients. Our findings reveal a relevant deterioration of important oculomotor functions in ALS, which increases in iLIS. It includes impairments of reflexive eye movements to loss of executive inhibitory control, indicating a progressing pathological involvement of prefrontal, midbrain and brainstem areas. The assessment of oculomotor functions may therefore provide clinically relevant bio- and progression marker, particularly in advanced ALS.
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality in geriatric patients aged 80 and older with axis fractures: a nationwide, cross-sectional analysis of concomitant injuries, comorbidities, and treatment strategies in 10,077 cases
Authors: Kerschbaum Maximilian , Klute Lisa , Henssler Leopold , Rupp Markus , Alt Volker , Lang Siegmund 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the association between treatment, comorbidities, concomitant injuries, and procedures with in-hospital mortality in patients aged 80 years or older with axis fractures.

Methods
Data were extracted from the German InEK (Institut für das Entgeltsystem im Krankenhaus) GmbH database (2019–2021) for patients aged 80 years or older with axis fractures and the in-hospital mortality rate was calculated. Differences in comorbidities and concomitant diseases and injuries were analyzed using the Chi-square test. In surgically treated patients, odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to analyze potential risk factors for in-hospital mortality.

Results
Among 10,077 patients, the in-hospital mortality rate was 8.4%, with no significant difference between surgically (9.4%) and non-surgically treated patients (7.9%; p = 0.103). The most common comorbidities were essential hypertension (67.3%), atrial fibrillation (28.2%), and chronic kidney disease (23.3%), while the most common concomitant injuries were head and face wounds (25.9%), concussions (12.8%), and atlas fractures (11.6%). In surgically treated patients, spinal cord injury (OR = 4.62, 95% CI: 2.23–9.58), acute renal failure (OR = 3.20, 95% CI: 2.26–4.53), and acute bleeding anemia (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.64–2.59) were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (all p < 0.01). Screw-rod-system fixation of one segment (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56–0.97) and intraoperative navigation (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.16–0.71) were identified as potential protective factors (both p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Comprehensive geriatric assessment and optimization of comorbidities during treatment are crucial. The indication for surgical treatment must be carefully individualized. Future studies should focus on the choice of surgical technique, perioperative blood management, and intraoperative navigation as potential protective factors.
Deep-karst aquifer spring-flow trends in a water-limited system, Grand Canyon National Park, USA
Authors: Chambless Hannah E. , Springer Abraham E. , Evans Max , Jones Natalie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBetter characterization of the water resources of the Grand Canyon National Park (GRCA) and World Heritage Site, USA, will inform management decisions regarding a proposed water supply intake from Bright Angel Creek (BAC) and will inform the associated forecasts on water security related to climate change and the impact on spring-dependent species. Characterization of the water supply for GRCA was improved through multiyear hydrograph analyses at five springs discharging from the Redwall-Muav (R) aquifer: Roaring Springs, Emmett Spring, At Last Spring, Tapeats Spring, and Abyss River Spring. Comparison of snowmelt response timing and mean recession coefficients among the five springs show no significant differences, indicating similar timing of snowmelt-related discharge and flow regimes across 50 km of horizontal and 1,000 m of vertical distance through the aquifer system. The mean water volumes discharged during snowmelt and the mean annual discharge are significantly different between Roaring Springs, Emmett Spring, Tapeats Spring, and Abyss River Spring. Linear regression analyses indicate no annual trends in any of the evaluated aquifer characteristics for any spring, except for more stable baseflow between recessions at Tapeats Spring. Water budgets calculated for Roaring Springs are imbalanced, suggesting missing outflow components, a need to refine the recharge region through dye trace studies, and inaccurate precipitation and evapotranspiration data, requiring model improvement. Continued hydrograph comparisons, trend analyses, and water budgets for additional years and springs will be useful for future groundwater modeling and for forecasting impacts on the R aquifer.
Effect of tree shade on behavior and haircoat temperature of grazing dual-purpose cows in a hot and humid tropical environment
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Víctor Manuel , López-Ortiz Silvia , Pérez-Elizalde Sergio , Pérez-Hernández Ponciano , Castillo-Gallegos Epigmenio , Jarillo-Rodríguez Jesús 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe evaluated the behavior and skin temperature of dual-purpose cattle that grazed pastures having high (HC), low (LC), and no (NC) tree cover during the rainy and dry seasons in the hot and humid tropics of Mexico. We observed twenty-four adult cows (eight per treatment) over 24 days during each season, recording skin temperature and the time related to different daily activities. Across treatments, cows spent the same amount of time foraging during the rainy season (P > 0.05), but cows under HC spent less time during the dry season (P < 0.0001). During the rainy season, cows under HC showed more motivation to continue grazing than becoming restless or beginning rumination (P < 0.001) or roaming more than in other treatments (P < 0.001). During the dry season, cows under HC and LC also had less probability of initiating rest than NC (P < 0.001). Cows under HC had greater motivation to transition from grazing to roaming and less incentive to pass from rumination to rest than cows under LC and NC (P < 0.001). The frequency of water consumption was greater during the dry season (P < 0.001) and consistently high under NC (P < 0.0001). Skin temperature did not differ among treatments during the rainy season (P = 0.261), but during the dry season, it was greater under NC (P < 0.001). Tree cover improves cow behaviors by increasing the impetus to graze and perform daily activities, which contributes to reduced skin temperature during hotter seasons.
Individuality-enhanced and multi-granularity consistency-preserving graph neural network for semi-supervised node classification
Authors: Liu Xinxin , Yu Weiren 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Semi-supervised node classification is an important task that aims at classifying nodes based on the graph structure, node features, and class labels for a subset of nodes. While most graph convolutional networks (GCNs) perform well when an ample number of labeled nodes are available, they often degenerate when the amount of labeled data is limited. To address this problem, we propose a scheme, namely, Individuality-enhanced and Multi-granularity Consistency-preserving graph neural Network (IMCN), which can alleviate the problem of losing individual information within the encoder while providing a reliable supervised signal for learning purposes. First, one simple encoder based on node features only is integrated to enhance node individuality and amend node commonality learned by the GCN-based encoder. Then, three constraints are defined at different levels of granularity, encompassing node embedding agreement, semantic class alignment, and node-to-class distribution identity. They can maintain the consistency between the individuality and commonality of nodes and be leveraged as latent supervised signals for learning representative embeddings. Finally, the trade-off between the individuality and commonality of nodes captured by two encoders is taken into consideration for node classification. Extensive experiments on six real-world datasets have been conducted to validate the superiority of IMCN against state-of-the-art baselines in handling node classification tasks with scarce labeled data.

Graphical abstract
Spatial patterns of phylogenetic and species diversity of Fennoscandian vascular plants in protected areas
Authors: Matten Damaris M. , Mienna Ida M. , Bieker Vanessa C. , Mishler Brent D. , Moen Victoria S. , Nygaard Malene , Vuorinen Katariina E. M. , Bendiksby Mika , Martin Michael D. , Speed James D.M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProtected areas are one of the main strategic means for conserving biodiversity. Yet, the design of protected areas usually neglects phylogenetic diversity, an important diversity measure. In this paper we assess the phylogenetic diversity and species richness of vascular plants in Fennoscandian protected areas. We evaluate how much species richness and phylogenetic diversity is found within and outside protected areas, and the differences in plant diversity between different categories of protected areas. We also assess the differences in the diversity-area relationship of the different protected area categories in terms of both species richness and phylogenetic diversity. We build a multi-locus phylogeny of 1,519 native vascular plants of Norway, Sweden, and Finland. We estimate the phylogenetic diversity and species richness by combining the phylogeny with publicly available occurrence data and the currently protected area system of Fennoscandia. Our results indicate that protected areas in Fennoscandia hold more plant diversity when larger, and that phylogenetic diversity increases faster with area than species richness. We found evidence for more plant diversity outside of protected areas of the different countries of Fennoscandia than inside of protected areas, but no evidence for plant diversity differences between areas with different protection status. Hence, our results indicate that the current protected area system in Fennoscandia is no more effective in conserving phylogenetic diversity and species richness of vascular plants than a random selection of localities. Our results also indicate that planning conservation strategies around phylogenetic diversity, rather than species richness, might be a first step to protect vascular plant diversity more effectively.
Construction and initial validation of the scale “Goals for Future Design of the 2030 Agenda”
Authors: Santilli Sara , Ginevra Maria Cristina , Di Maggio Ilaria , Soresi Salvatore , Nota Laura 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSustainable development goals are used as guidance for future career and life design. The importance of including young people in the sustainability process is recognized also by recent vocational guidance literature. Nevertheless, the assessment of the Sustainable Development Goals itself presents a challenge. For these reasons, we validated a specific assessment instrument to investigate adolescents’ propensity to point out how much each of the 2030 Agenda goals for sustainable development may affect their future design. This article reports the development and psychometric requisites of the “Goals for Future Design of the 2030 Agenda.” The scale recalls the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The study involved 554 high school students. Initial exploratory factor analysis factorial structure showed a four-factor structure of the 17-item scale: (1) social/health, (2) environment/nature, (3) human rights/equal economic development, and (4) policy and democracy. A single-factor second-order structure also emerged from the confirmatory factor analysis. The results support the use of the scale in vocational guidance and career counselling activities to promote adolescents’ life design in a sustainable and inclusive way.