bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions of pharmacy students regarding HIV/AIDS
Authors: Mansy Wael , Syed Wajid , Babelghaith Salmeen , Al-Arifi Mohamed N. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundWe recognize AIDS and HIV as serious public health concerns. One of the primary roles of pharmacists is to counsel patients, which is critical in improving patient care outcomes. Therefore, having an adequate understanding of HIV among undergraduates helps them at their practice sites. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions of pharmacy students regarding HIV/AIDS.Methods and materialsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among pharmacy students from December 2023 to April 2024 using structured questionnaires. We collected the data from randomly selected students currently enrolled in the College of Pharmacy at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of four parts focusing on students’ demographics, knowledge, attitude, and risk perception toward HIV/AIDS. The data was analyzed using SPSS software, with Chi-squared and Fisher’s tests utilized to determine associations between categorical variables at a significant level of p &lt; 0.05.ResultsA total of 395 pharmacy students completed an online survey. The total mean knowledge score was 6.1 ± 2.8 (Range: 0–13; Median = 6). The majority of students had low knowledge of HIV/AIDS (79.0%) and, a neutral attitude toward HIV/AIDS (61.5%) and only 13.2% of students showed a positive attitude, and 25.3% had a negative attitude toward HIV/AIDS. In addition, 35% of students thought that patients with HIV should be quarantined, 45% of students were concerned about workplace transmission of HIV and their safety on the job, and 41% of them would prefer not to take care of patients with HIV. Furthermore, students aged between 23 and 26 years had a high knowledge level compared to other groups (p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, intern students showed a high level of knowledge of HIV/AIDS compared to other students (p &lt; 0.001). The majority of pharmacy students had a neutral perception of the risk of HIV/AIDS (63.0%). Only 6.1% of pharmacy students reported a positive perception of the risk of HIV/AIDS.ConclusionIn conclusion, there was a dearth of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and neutral attitudes and perceptions of the disease (HIV) among pharmacy students. When compared to other age groups, students between the ages of 23 and 26 had a high degree of knowledge. These findings suggest that specific strategies, such as integrating education on this topic into the pharmacy curriculum and running awareness campaigns for undergraduate students, are necessary.
Association between smoking status and health-related quality of life: a study on differences among age groups
Authors: Zhong Guanping , Shu Yang , Li Hongwei , Zhou Yuelin , Wei Qiaoying , Yang Biao , Yang Lian 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study explored the effect of four different smoking statuses (non-smokers, moderate smokers, heavy smokers, and former smokers) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among residents aged 15 years and older in Sichuan Province, China with consideration of potential differences among age groups (young, middle-aged, and older adults).MethodsThe EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-VAS score were used to measure HRQOL. Self-reporting and salivary cotinine test were used to determine the smoking status of respondents, and the Tobit regression model was used to explore the relationship between smoking status and HRQOL.ResultsThe Tobit regression model found a significant correlation between smoking status and HRQOL. Heavy smokers reported a lower EQ-VAS score compared to non-smokers (p &lt; 0.01); the EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-VAS score reported by former smokers were lower compared to non-smokers (p &lt; 0.05 and p &lt; 0.01, respectively). In the young population, the EQ-VAS score of heavy smokers was lower than that of non-smokers (p &lt; 0.05); In the middle-aged population, the EQ-VAS score of heavy smokers was lower than that of non-smokers (p &lt; 0.05). The EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-VAS score of former smokers were lower than that of non-smokers (p &lt; 0.05 and p &lt; 0.001, respectively). However, in the older adult population, the EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-VAS score of moderate smokers were higher compared to non-smokers (p &lt; 0.05 and p &lt; 0.05, respectively).ConclusionThis study found a significant correlation between HRQOL and smoking status, with notable differences in the relationship between smoking, EQ-5D-5L utility index, and EQ-VAS scores across age groups. We recommend targeted measures to control tobacco use based on age, considering specific smoking risks for each group. In particular, attention should be paid to the harm of smoking among young and middle-aged groups, reduce the occurrence of smoking behavior through publicity and early intervention, and provide appropriate health interventions for the older adult group. In addition, effective smoking cessation support policies should be developed to encourage residents to quit or reduce smoking frequency, avoid the progression of moderate smoking to heavy smoking and thus lead to serious health threats.
Exploring segmented assimilation theory in health education utilization and its influencing factors among internal migrants in China: insights from the 2017 China migrants dynamic survey
Authors: Xu Ting , Wang Zeyu , Wang Tingting , Shi Jiahua , Zhu Aiyong , Dong Enhong 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study investigated segmented assimilation patterns and factors influencing health education utilization (HEU) among internal migrant populations in China, driven by concerns over their declining health owing to urbanization-related changes.MethodsData from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey were analyzed, focusing on 13,998 rural migrants. Negative binomial regression was used to explore assimilation patterns and determine the factors affecting HEU among internal migrants in China.ResultsThe results revealed diverse assimilation patterns among internal migrants in four clusters: first-generation classic assimilation, first-generation integration assimilation, second-generation segmented assimilation, and second-generation underclass assimilation. Adjusting for socioeconomic factors, first-generation integrated assimilation groups showed lower HEU (IRR = 0.922, p &lt; 0.01), while second-generation underclass groups demonstrated higher HEU (IRR = 1.110, p &lt; 0.001) than the second-generation segmented assimilation groups. Additionally, factors such as ethnicity, marital status, employment status, educational attainment, hukou type, health insurance type, time of access to healthcare, social integration, social participation, establishment of health records, and issues encountered in host and origin places significantly influenced HEU.DiscussionThis study highlights diverse assimilation patterns among Chinese internal migrants regarding HEU, consistent with the theory of segmented assimilation. Specifically, second-generation immigrants exhibit higher HEU levels than their first-generation counterparts, with the second-generation underclass demonstrating the highest HEU. These findings underscore the need for targeted policy interventions addressing diverse migrant assimilation patterns. Specifically, first-generation migrants require accessible and culturally adapted health education programs to overcome systemic barriers, while second-generation underclass migrants need sustained support to leverage their engagement in health initiatives.
Geographic proximity to local governments and corporate energy efficiency: evidence from Chinese industrial enterprises
Authors: Zhang Rui , Ni Kejin , Tan Lei 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study investigates the role of geographic proximity to local environmental protection agencies (EPAs) in enhancing firms' energy efficiency. It explores how environmental pressure and green innovation are influenced by spatial dynamics, providing new insights into the Porter hypothesis.MethodsThe analysis utilizes energy consumption and geographic data from Chinese industrial firms. A combination of statistical and econometric methods is employed to evaluate the relationship between proximity to EPAs and energy efficiency, including heterogeneity analysis across firm ownership types.ResultsThe findings reveal that firms located closer to EPAs exhibit higher energy efficiency, primarily due to increased regulatory pressure that fosters green innovation. This positive effect is most pronounced within a 60 km radius, diminishing beyond this range. Heterogeneity analysis indicates stronger effects for private and mixed-ownership firms compared to state-owned and multinational firms.DiscussionThe study underscores the nuanced interplay between geographic proximity, regulatory frameworks, and green innovation. It highlights how targeted environmental policies can drive corporate energy efficiency improvements, offering valuable implications for optimizing regulatory designs.
Influence of Lactobacillus plantarum and cellulase on fermentation quality and microbial community in mixed silage of Solanum rostratum and alfalfa
Authors: Li Yuyu , Wang Hua , Zhang Yandong , Ji Yu , Guo Lizhu , Hao Lifen , Lin Kejian 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIncreasing the research on the development and utilization of unconventional feed resources is one of the effective ways for the sustainable development of herbivorous animal husbandry. China is one of the countries most severely impacted by the invasion of the alien plant Solanum rostratum Dunal (S. rostratum), but this resource has not been used effectively.MethodsThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and cellulase on the fermentation quality and microbial community in mixed silage of S. rostratum and alfalfa. Treatments were a control treatment with no additive (CK), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), cellulase (CE), and Lactobacillus plantarum in combination with cellulase (L+C), all of which were stored at ambient temperature for 7, 15, 30, and 60 days.ResultsThe results showed that the mixture could retain dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content, increase lactic acid (LA) content, decrease pH and alkaloid content, and improve fermentation quality during silage. The use of additives increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and Weissella, which was related to the improvement of the quality of mixed silage and the degradation of total alkaloids. Differential microbial functions were mainly carbohydrate metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and carbon metabolism.ConclusionThe application of additives and mixed silage provides a new idea for the feed utilization of S. rostratum.
HA198 mutations in H9N2 avian influenza: molecular dynamics insights into receptor binding
Authors: Zhu Rui , Wu Jie , Chen Ruiying , Zhou Mo , Cao Shinuo , Wu Zhi , Wang Ligang , Zhang Lei , Zhu Shanyuan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe H9N2 avian influenza virus is widely disseminated in poultry and poses a zoonotic threat, despite vaccination efforts. Mutations at residue 198 of hemagglutinin (HA) are critical for antigenic variation and receptor-binding specificity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which mutations at the HA 198 site affect the antigenicity, receptor specificity, and binding affinity of the H9N2 virus.MethodsUsing the sequence of the A/Chicken/Jiangsu/WJ57/2012 strain, we constructed recombinant H9N2 viruses, including rWJ57, rWJ57/HA198A, and rWJ57/HA198T, using reverse genetics. These variants were analyzed through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays, receptor-destroying enzyme (RDE) assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and solid-phase receptor binding assays. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to further dissect the atomic-level interactions between HA and sialic acids (SA).ResultsThe results demonstrated that HA mutations significantly altered the receptor-binding properties of the virus. Specifically, rWJ57 (HA198V) exhibited 4-fold and 16-fold higher overall receptor-binding avidity compared to rWJ57/HA198A and rWJ57/HA198T, respectively. Furthermore, HA198V/T mutations significantly enhanced viral binding to human-type α2,6 SA receptors (p &lt; 0.001), whereas the HA198A mutation exhibited a marked preference for avian-type α2,3 SA receptors (p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, these mutations altered interactions with non-specific antibodies but not specific antibodies, with high-avidity receptor binding mutations exhibiting reduced non-specific antibody binding, suggesting a potential novel mechanism for immune evasion. MD simulations revealed HA198V/T formed stable complexes with the α2,6 SA, mediated by specific residues and water bridges, whereas HA198A formed stable complexes with the α2,3 SA. Interestingly, residue 198 interacted with the α2,6 SA via water bridges but had with showed minimal direct interaction with α2,3 SA.DiscussionThis study provides new insights into the molecular basis of receptor specificity, binding affinity, and antigenic drift in H9N2 viruses, highlighting the critical role of HA 198 mutations in regulating host adaptation. These findings are of great significance for H9N2 virus surveillance, vaccine development, and zoonotic transmission risk assessment.
Evaluating the correlation between pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte levels in nonluminal breast cancer and impact on survival
Authors: Tamam Muge , Ozcevik Halim , Kulduk Gamze , Acar Tayyar Merve Nur , Babacan Gunduzalp Bugrahan 
Published: January 2025

Background and ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the correlation between Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) levels and Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) metabolic parameters, including spleen and bone marrow FDG uptake and tumor heterogeneity in non-luminal breast cancers (NLBC), and to elucidate their association with survival outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 100 females with stage 2–4 NLBC who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT). TIL was scored based on Hematoxylin-Eosin-stained specimens and 18F-FDG PET metabolic parameters, including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), liver, spleen, and bone marrow FDG uptake were calculated. Heterogeneity Index (HI)1, HI2, and HI3 indices were analyzed with FDG metabolic parameters. The association between these factors and overall survival was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression models.ResultsTIL showed weak negative correlations with tumor size, tumor (T), and metastasis (M) stages. No significant correlation was found between TIL levels and overall SUV values. However, in stage 4, TIL correlated positively with liver, spleen, and bone marrow SUV values and negatively with heterogeneity indices (HI2, HI3). Higher tumor size, HI values, and Bone marrow-to-liver ratio (BLR) SUVmean were associated with increased mortality. A TIL cut-off value of &lt;5 was linked to significantly worse survival.ConclusionOur study demonstrates a strong connection between TIL, FDG metabolic parameters, and tumor heterogeneity, particularly in advanced NLBC. Although TIL is not generally associated with SUV values, its association with certain metabolic and heterogeneity indices suggests that it is important in influencing survival. Further research involving larger cohorts and diverse breast cancer subtypes is needed to validate these results.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Dinamika Kelompok di Poktan P3A Soafuti Desa Pape
Authors: Budianto Budianto , Woghe Adrianus , Watu Rikardus 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji agar bisa mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dinamika kelompok tani P3A Soafuti Desa Pape, Kecamatan Bajawa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Pape Kecamatan Bajawa dengan waktu pelaksanaan kegiatannya yang dimulai dari bulan November 2022 sampai Desember 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus (Case Study) yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan secara intensif, terinci dan mendalam. Metode penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan sampel acak distratafikasi (Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling ). Jumlah responden yang diambil adalah sebanyak 29 orang petani Soafuti. Pengambilan sampel dalam menentukan orang (nama anggota) dengan menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara langsung, observasi, penyebaran kuesioner dan pencatatan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur, tingkat pendidikan, lama bergabung dalam kelompok tani sangat berpengaruh terhadap dinamika kelompok tani di poktan Soafuti Desa Pape.
Kata kunci—Dinamika Kelompok, Kelompok Tani, Faktor – faktor,
Implementasi dan Workshop Penggunaan Aplikasi Penerimaan Peserta Dididk Baru (PPDB) Sekolah bagi Guru dan Operator
Authors: Fadhli Mardhiah , Nurmalasari Dini , Fitrisia Yuli , Novayani Wenda , Akbar Memen , Purwantoro Sugeng , Alim Syahbana Yoanda 
Published: January 2025

Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) merupakan kegiatan rutin sekolah setiap tahunnya yang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan calon peserta didik baru. Sekolah memerlukan media promosi dan informasi yang tepat agar informasi penerimaan calon peserta didik baru dapat di terima oleh masyarakat banyak. Salah satu bentuk teknologi informasi yang banyak digunakan untuk berbagi informasi adalah aplikasi berbasis website. Proses penerimaan peserta didik baru (PPDB) yang dilakukan MI Muhammadiyah 01 Pekanbaru saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual, masih menggunakan formulir sehingga sering terjadi berbagai masalah dari penginputan data yang lambat, berkas pendaftaran yang tidak tersusun rapih, antrian pendaftaran dan calon peserta didik terkadang kesulitan mendapatkan informasi tentang sekolah tersebut dan proses pendaftarannya. Untuk itu perlu dibangun aplikasi PPDB Online yang mampu mengelola pelaksanaan penerimaan peserta didik baru dengan lebih efektif dan efisien. Aplikasi PPDB sudah selesai dibangun dan dilakukan sosialisasi penggunaan aplikasi dalam bentuk kegiatan workshop. Dalam kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 6 orang peserta yang terdiri dari kepala sekolah, panitia PPDB dan bendahara sekolah. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan menyatakan 98,67% dari peserta merasakan bahwa kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat dan sangat sesuai dengan harapan mereka
PELATIHAN DAN PEMBIMBINGAN ROBOT LINE FOLLOWER BAGI SANTRI PESANTREN DARUSSALAM
Authors: . Tianur , Jaenudin Jajang , Madona Putri 
Published: January 2025

Masih kurangnya pemahaman dan keterampilan dalam bidang robotika di kalangan santri pada sebuah pondok pesantren menjadi tantangan serius dalam menghadapi perkembangan teknologi. Banyak santri yang kurang mendapatkan kesempatan untuk belajar dan mengembangkan keterampilan dalam merakit sebuah robot. Hal ini dapat menghambat potensi mereka dalam mengikuti perkembangan teknologi masa depan. Pelatihan Robot Line Follower untuk pesanren akan menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan santri dalam bidang robotika. Pelatihan ini akan memberikan kesempatan bagi santri untuk belajar merakit robot secara langsung. Melalui pendekatan praktis dan interaktif, santri akan diberi pemahaman yang mendalam tentang konsep dasar robotika dan penggunaan teknologi. Pelatihan Robot Line Follower dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap antara lain. Pendahuluan tentang Robotika, Sesi ini akan memberikan gambaran umum tentang robotika, konsep dasar, dan perkembangannya dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan. Pengenalan komponen robot, Santri akan diperkenalkan dengan komponen-komponen utama robot, termasuk motor, sensor, dan mikrokontroler. Melalui pelatihan ini, diharapkan santri dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan mereka dalam bidang robotika, serta meningkatkan minat mereka untuk mengeksplorasi lebih lanjut di bidang ini. Pelatihan juga akan memberikan kontribusi positif dalam peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di sekolah dan mempersiapkan santri untuk menghadapi tantangan teknologi masa depan.
Pendampingan Pelatihan Public Speaking dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Diri Siswa SMK Taruna Persada Dumai
Authors: Fadlilani Lailanisa , Putri Syntia Mega , Yefni  
Published: January 2025

Komunikasi menjadi salah satu kemampuan yang harus dimiliki dan dikuasai oleh seseorang di masa kini. Tak jarang perihal komunikasi mengakibatkan kesalahpahaman karena perbedaan makna dan pesan yang disampaikan dan diterima. Komunikasi merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang bisa diasah melalui keterampilan komunikasi interpersonal. Jika sudah menguasai komunikasi interpersonal maka akan memudahkan seseorang menguasai diri dan audiensnya untuk dapat berkomunikasi di hadapan public maupun berkomunikasi dengan orang yang baru ditemui. Saat ini siswa SMK Taruna Persada Dumai mengalami permasalahan mengenai komunikasi. Siswa merasa belum memiliki kemampuan komunikasi yang baik sehingga mengakibatkan mereka sulit mendapatkan pekerjaan setelah menamatkan Pendidikan sekolah. Hal ini yang mendasari dilakukannya pelatihan public speaking untuk siswa kelas XI SMK Taruna Persada. Berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan pelatihan didapatkan bahwa siswa dapat mengikuti pelatihan dan antusias terhadap kegiatan pelatihan komunikasi. Melalui pre-test dan post-test menjadi indikator keberhasilan pelaksanaan pelatihan public speaking bagi siswa SMK Taruna Persada Dumai. Didapatkan bahwa 75% siswa sudah memahami konsep public speaking.
La discriminación laboral en el espacio europeo por motivos religiosos
Authors: Martínez Martínez Verónica Lidia 
Published: January 2025

Partiendo del contenido esencial del derecho humano al trabajo, la bidimensionalidad y el efecto horizontal de los derechos humanos, así como de la conceptualización de la discriminación y su tipología, con el apoyo del método analítico, las resoluciones y criterios emitidos por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y la Comisión Europea contra el Racismo y la Intolerancia, el objetivo de este trabajo, bajo una visión de derechos humanos, es analizar la manifestación de la libertad religiosa en el ámbito laboral europeo y exponer las resoluciones y las medidas implementadas para evitar transgredir o nulificar las creencias religiosas como resultado del cumplimiento obligatorio de las condiciones laborales impuestas por el empleador.
قواعد أصولية متعلقة بسد الذريعة: دراسة أصولية تطبيقية عصرية
Authors: Jaber Saleh Mahmoud Saleh , Al-Sarayra Osama Salem Musa 
Published: January 2025

الأهداف: تناولت هذه الدراسة بعض القواعد الأصولية المتعلقة بسد الذريعة، وتهدف إلى بيان حقيقة القواعد الأصولية، وبيان أهم ضوابط إعمال القواعد الأصولية المتعلقة بسد الذريعة ، وحصر أهم القواعد ، وإبراز أثرها في عدد من التطبيقات العصرية .
المنهجية: اعتمدنا في دراسةِ هذا البحث المنهجَ الوصفي التطبيقي القائم على الاستقراءِ ،حيثُ قُمنا بجمعِ المادةِ العلميةِ، وفَق أصولِ البحثِ العلميِّ؛ للوصولِ في النهايةِ إلى الحلولِ المناسبةِ التي تتفقُ ومقتضياتِ عصرنِا، ولا تُخالفُ أصولَ شريعتِنا السمحةِ.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة لعدد من النتائج أبرزها، بيان حقيقة القاعدة الأصولية المتعلقة بسد الذريعة، وتبين أن الأصوليين وضعوا ضوابط لإعمال القواعد المتعلقة بسد الذرائع ،وبيان أهم القواعد الأصولية المتعلقة بسد الذريعة، وظهر أثر القواعد جلياً في عدد من التطبيقات المعاصرة .
الخلاصة: إبراز الجانب النظري في الجانب التطبيقي المعاصر في عدد من التطبيقات العصرية، ومنها: ( بنوك المني والبويضات) و(المرابحة العكسية ) و( الخُلع القضائي ).