bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Attention during Hurricanes Florence and Michael
Authors: Silver Amber , Jackson Sam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In 2018, Hurricanes Florence and Michael affected the southeastern portion of the United States, with widespread impacts in Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Virginia. The two storms were markedly different in terms of their meteorological history: Hurricane Florence made landfall as a category-1 storm approximately 2 weeks after formation, whereas Hurricane Michael made landfall as an “unprecedented” category-5 storm just 3 days after formation. The stark meteorological differences provided the opportunity to explore whether and to what extent public attention is influenced by storm severity. This study utilized both direct (i.e., tweet volume and search volume) and indirect (i.e., number of newspaper articles) measures to explore public attention at different scales. Data showed that Hurricane Florence received more attention than Hurricane Michael, both regionally and nationally, across all three measures. The findings also underscore the importance of time for the process of attention building, especially at the national level. Taken together, the results suggest that storm severity, forecast lead time, previous meteorological history, and population density intersect with one another to influence public attention in complex ways. The paper concludes with some opportunities for research that may provide additional insights into the linkages between attention, perception, and decision-making.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study was to better understand the factors that influence public attention to extreme weather. This is important because attention is often noted for its mediating effect on decision-making. We found that public attention was greater during Hurricane Florence, despite the fact that Hurricane Michael was an “unprecedented” category-5 storm. Taken together, this suggests that storm severity, forecast lead time, previous meteorological history, and population density intersect with one another to influence public attention in complex ways.
Synthesis of crystalline nanocellulose and its effect on the mechanical properties of E-glass fiber/epoxy composite for prosthetic shank applications
Authors: Tesfaye Betselot , Wogaso Desalegn , Mulugeta Eyobel 
Published: March 2023

Prosthetic shank is one of the prominent parts of prosthetic leg that transfers load from prosthetic socket to the foot section. Nowadays, it is common to use composite materials for prosthetics and orthotics applications. This research aims at synthesis and characterization of properties of crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) powder and investigating its effect on the mechanical and physical properties of E-glass fiber - epoxy composite for prosthetic shank applications. Different properties including tensile, impact, flexural, water absorption, thermographic, density and surface morphology of a hybrid composite are investigated. The research further targets to test the suitability of developed composite material for prosthetic shank applications. Extraction of CNC powder is performed using chemical extraction technique which involves alkali treatment, delignification, bleaching and acid hydrolysis. Crystallinity of CNC particles is determined at 2θ values of 19.89°, 44.04°, 64.34° and 77.51°. Crystallite size of these powders is found to be 13 nm from XRD analysis. Thermal properties of CNCs are examined using thermographic analysis and the result reveals a three-stage decomposition of CNC powders in temperature ranges. The results also reveal that addition of CNC powder enhances the overall performance of the composite, and composite specimen with 8wt% CNC powder shows superior mechanical and physical properties. Further, selected composite is modeled for the prosthetic shank application using commercial finite element software, ANSYS 2022, and maximum equivalent von Mise’s stress of 0.82598 MPa and deformation of 0.054065 mm are obtained Based on the overall findings and analysis, it is highly recommended to develop and use hybrid E-glass fiber – CNC - epoxy composite as a substitute material for prosthetic shank applications.
Study of correlation between Visual Prostate Symptom Score and International Prostate Symptom Score in men with lower urinary tract symptoms with reference to Uroflowmetry parameters in Indian population
Authors: Chatterjee Souvik , Kumar Anshu , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: International prostate symptom score (IPSS) is a complex questionnaire method for objective assessment of Lower urinary tract symptoms. So, there is a need to develop a simple and easy scoring system that could be easily used for illiterates and older aged patients. Materials and methods: It was a prospective observational study with 202 participants, conducted at the department of urology of a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. The patients more than 50 years of age, attending urology OPD with Lower urinary tract symptoms were included in the study. Printed IPSS and VPSS questionnaires were given to the patient to answer. Results: Eighty-two percent (82%) of the higher education group and 97% of the lower education group needed assistance to answer IPSS questionnaires while 18% of the higher education group and 44% of the lower education group needed assistance to answer VPSS questionnaires. Sixty-four (64%) of patients in our study belong to the high education level while 36% of patients belong to the low education group. The mean age was 60.1 years. The mean IPSS and VPSS were 19 and 11 respectively. The mean PSA was 1.5 ng/ml. The time taken to fill VPSS questionnaire was much less than IPSS questionnaires. All the patients felt that VPSS was easier. Statistically significant ( p-value < 0.05) correlation was found between total IPSS and total VPSS, Q2 IPSS and Q1 VPSS, Q7 IPSS and Q2 VPSS, Q5 IPSS and Q3 VPSS, and IPSS Qol and VPSS Qol. A negative correlation was found between Q3 VPSS and Qmax, and Q5 IPSS and Qmax. Conclusions: VPSS can be used as an alternative tool to IPSS to assess LUTS, which uses pictograms instead of questionnaires, even in patients with limited education.
Long-Term clinical results of patellofemoral arthroplasty for isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Yiou , Bian Yanyan , Qian Wenwei 
Published: March 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to explore the clinical outcomes and long-term survival of patellofemoral arthroplasty in treatment of isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Methods We retrospectively studied a total of 46 type Y-L-Q PFAs that were designed at our institution in 38 patients. Implant survivorship was analyzed with a follow-up of 18.9–29.6 years. Knee Society Score (KSS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and University of California Los Angeles activity scale (UCLA) were used to assess functional outcomes. Results The implant survivorship was 83.6% at 15 years, 76.8% at 20 years, and 59.4% at 25 years 14 PFAs in 12 patients were revised into total knee arthroplasty at 16.0 ± 6.7 years; 13 for progression of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis and one for polyethylene wear. The mean Knee Society Score objective scores and functional scores were 73.0 ± 17.5 (range, 49–95) and 56.4 ± 28.9 (range, 5–90), respectively. The mean Oxford Knee Score was 25.8 ± 11.5 (range, 8–44). Conclusion Type Y-L-Q patellofemoral arthroplasty can be an effective method for treating isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis with satisfactory survival.
Effect of Arthroscopically Confirmed Syndesmotic Widening on Outcome Following Isolated Broström Operation for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability
Authors: Su Tong , Du Ming-Ze , Parekh Selene G. , Jiang Yan-fang , Jiao Chen , Hu Yue-lin , Guo Qin-wei , Jiang Dong 
Published: March 2023

Background: Tibiofibular syndesmosis (TFS) widening sometimes is not evident on radiography but can be found under arthroscopy in chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TFS widening severity on clinical outcomes and return to activities after isolated Broström operation in CLAI patients and to propose an indication for its surgical intervention. Methods: A total of 118 CLAI patients undergoing diagnostic ankle arthroscopy and open Broström-Gould operation were included. Based on the middle width of TFS measured under arthroscopy, patients were divided into the TFS-2 group (≤2 mm, n = 44), the TFS-3 group (2-4 mm, n = 42), and the TFS-4 group (≥4 mm, n = 32). The time to return to recreational sport and work, Tegner activity score, and proportion of returning to preinjury sports at the final follow-up were evaluated and compared. Other subjective evaluations included the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society score, visual analog scale, and Karlsson-Peterson score. Results: Among the 3 groups, the TFS-4 group demonstrated the longest mean time to return to work and recreational sports, with the lowest proportion returning to preinjury sports. The TFS-4 group showed a significantly higher rate of sprain recurrence (12.5%) than the other 2 groups ( P =.021). All the other subjective scores significantly improved after the operation without differences among the 3 groups. Conclusion: Concomitant severe syndesmotic widening adversely affects the return to activities after Broström operation in CLAI cases. The CLAI patients with a middle TFS width ≥4 mm were associated with delayed return to work and sports, a lower proportion of returning to preinjury sports, and more sprain recurrence, which might require further surgical intervention for syndesmosis in addition to Broström surgery. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Perspectives on Self-Sampling for Cancer Screening From Staff at Federally Qualified Health Centers in Rural and Segregated Counties: A Preliminary Qualitative Study
Authors: Wood Jayme , Stoltzfus Kelsey C. , Popalis Madyson , Moss Jennifer L. 
Published: March 2023

Background Self-sampling for colorectal and cervical cancer screening can address the observed geographic disparities in cancer burden by alleviating barriers to screening participation, such as access to primary care. This preliminary study examines qualitative themes regarding cervical and colorectal cancer self-sampling screening tools among federally qualified health center clinical and administrative staff in underserved communities. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with clinical or administrative employees (≥18 years of age) from FQHCs in rural and racially segregated counties in Pennsylvania. Data were managed and analyzed using QSR NVivo 12. Content analysis was used to identify themes about attitudes towards self-sampling for cancer screening. Results Eight interviews were conducted. Average participant age was 42 years old and 88% of participants were female. Participants indicated that a shared advantage for both colorectal and cervical cancer self-sampling tests was their potential to increase screening rates by simplifying the screening process and offering an alternative to those who decline traditional screening. A shared disadvantage to self-sampling was the potential for inaccurate sample collection, either through the test itself or the sample collection by the patient. Conclusions Self-sampling offers a promising solution to increase cervical and colorectal cancer screening in rural and racially segregated communities. This study’s findings can guide future research and interventions which integrate self-sampling screening into routine primary care practice.
A novel outpatient regimen in management of fluoropyrimidine-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Kasi Anup , Gaudel Pramod , Lekkala Manidhar , Al-Rajabi Raed , Saeed Anwaar , Sun Weijing , Porter Charles 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Fluoropyrimidines (FP) are cornerstone drugs in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. Cardiotoxicity secondary to an FP chemotherapy is a serious complication. There are no standardized guidelines on the treatment of FP induced cardiotoxicity which may result in interruption and even discontinuation of life saving treatment. We present our experience in FP rechallenge using a novel outpatient regimen based on our “up-front” triple agent antianginal protocol. Methods We report the retrospective study of the patients with suspected FP induced cardiotoxicity. Patients meeting the criteria were selected by C3OD (curated cancer clinical outcomes database) at Kansas University Medical Center (KUMC). We identified all patients with gastrointestinal malignancies who had suspected FP induced cardiotoxicity from January 2015 to March 2022. We then included the patients who were rechallenged with planned fluoropyrimidine regimen utilizing the three drug KU-protocol. We utilized a novel regimen by repurposing the already FDA-approved anti-anginal drugs in a manner that minimizes the risk of hypotension and bradycardia. Results In this retrospective study, 10 patients with suspected fluoropyrimidine induced cardiotoxicity were included from January-2015 to March-2022 at KUMC. Out of 10 patients who were rechallenged utilizing KU-protocol, eight patients (80%) were able to complete the previously planned fluoropyrimidine regimen. None of the patients required ER visits or hospital admission due to cardiac symptoms during the rechallenge utilizing the KU-protocol. Conclusions Utilizing our novel outpatient regimen, we have successfully and safely allowed re-challenge of FP chemotherapy with good tolerability and completion of the intended course of chemotherapy without recurrent morbidity.
Ethnic discrimination and mental health in the Sámi population in Sweden: The SámiHET study
Authors: La Parra-Casado Daniel , San Sebastian Miguel , Stoor Jon Petter A. 
Published: March 2023

Aims: To assess the association between experiences of discrimination and mental health among the Sámi population in Sweden. Methods: Cross-sectional study among the self-identified Sámi population living in Sweden in 2021, registered in the electoral roll of the Sámi Parliament, the reindeer mark register and the ‘Labour statistics based on administrative sources’. The analysis was based on a final sample of 3658 respondents aged between 18 and 84 years. Adjusted prevalence ratios aPRs for psychological distress (Kessler scale), self-reported anxiety and depression were estimated for four different forms of discrimination (direct experience of discrimination, offended because of ethnicity, historical trauma, and combined discrimination). Results: Higher aPRs of psychological distress, anxiety and depression were observed in women experiencing direct discrimination because of their ethnicity, having been offended because of their ethnicity, and those with a family history of discrimination. Among men, higher aPRs for psychological distress were observed in those experiencing the four different forms of discrimination, but not for anxiety. Depression was only detected in the case of having been offended. Adding experiences of discrimination was associated with a higher prevalence of negative outcomes for all the indicators in women and for psychological distress in men. Conclusions: The observed association between experiences of discrimination and mental health problems would support a gender approach when considering ethnic discrimination in public health policies concerning the Sámi in Sweden.
Is being a refugee associated with increased 30-day mortality after visiting the emergency department? A register-based cohort study using Danish data
Authors: Storgaard Signe F. , Wejse Christian , Agergaard Jane , Eiset Andreas H. 
Published: March 2023

Aim: Refugees face many challenges that could lead to disparity in quality of care from the health-care system compared with native Danes. These challenges could be language barriers, cultural differences, mental health co-morbidities and socio-economic status (SES). The aim of this study was to compare the 30-day mortality of refugees and native Danes after visiting the emergency department (ED) at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Methods: In this register-based cohort study linking clinical and socio-demographic data, we included all visits to a major Danish ED from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018. According to the predefined analysis plan, we present non-parametric Kaplan–Meier plots and propensity score-weighted analysis. Results: We included 29,257 eligible unique patients of whom 631 were refugees. In the 30-day time period after discharge from the ED, 11 deaths occurred in the group of refugees, resulting in a Kaplan–Meier estimate of 1.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7–2.8), and 1638 deaths occurred in the group of Danes, resulting in a Kaplan–Meier estimate of 5.9% (95% CI 5.6–6.1). The adjusted 30-day mortality risk difference was 1.6 percentage points (95% CI −2.0 to −1.2 percentage points) lower for refugees compared to native Danes. The 30-day mortality risk difference decreased from approximately 4 to 1.6 percentage points in the adjusted analysis. Thus, there were 16 fewer deaths among refugees within 30 days per 1000 discharged from the ED compared with native Danes when adjusting for age, sex, SES and co-morbidities. Conclusions: This study shows that refugees had a lower 30-day mortality after visiting the ED compared with native Danes.
Strength of association between comorbidities and asthma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Rogliani Paola , Laitano Rossella , Ora Josuel , Beasley Richard , Calzetta Luigino 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe strength of association between comorbidities and asthma has never been ranked in relation to the prevalence of the comorbidity in the nonasthma population. We investigated the strength of association between comorbidities and asthma.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed for observational studies reporting data on comorbidities in asthma and nonasthma populations. A pairwise meta-analysis was performed and the strength of association calculated by anchoring odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals with the rate of comorbidities in nonasthma populationsviaCohen'sdmethod. Cohen'sd=0.2, 0.5 and 0.8 were cut-off values for small, medium and large effect sizes, respectively; very large effect size resulted for Cohen'sd >0.8. The review was registered in the PROSPERO database; identifier number CRD42022295657.ResultsData from 5 493 776 subjects were analysed. Allergic rhinitis (OR 4.24, 95% CI 3.82–4.71), allergic conjunctivitis (OR 2.63, 95% CI 2.22–3.11), bronchiectasis (OR 4.89, 95% CI 4.48–5.34), hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR 4.24, 95% CI 2.06–8.90) and nasal congestion (OR 3.30, 95% CI 2.96–3.67) were strongly associated with asthma (Cohen'sd>0.5 and ≤0.8); COPD (OR 6.23, 95% CI 4.43–8.77) and other chronic respiratory diseases (OR 12.85, 95% CI 10.14–16.29) were very strongly associated with asthma (Cohen'sd>0.8). Stronger associations were detected between comorbidities and severe asthma. No bias resulted according to funnel plots and Egger's test.ConclusionThis meta-analysis supports the relevance of individualised strategies for disease management that look beyond asthma. A multidimensional approach should be used to assess whether poor symptom control is related to uncontrolled asthma or to uncontrolled underlying comorbidities.
Paraurethral leiomyoma in a post-menopausal woman: a case report
Authors: Brodie Arjuna , Rai Jaskarn , Alevizopoulos Aristeidis , Ravindra Pravisha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Paraurethral leiomyoma are rare, benign, hormone-dependent growths. They originate from smooth muscle cells and occur in the paraurethral space of the urethra. They make up approximately 5% of urethral tumours. They usually appear in the reproductive age group of women with variable clinical presentation depending on the size and location of occurrence. They can either be asymptomatic or can present with local pressure symptoms, dyspareunia, and lower urinary tract symptoms. The usual treatment is surgical excision with confirmation of diagnosis on histology.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 58-year-old lady who initially presented to the gynaecology department with pelvic pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. After initial investigation with an ultrasound scan and MRI, a 5 × 5 × 4 cm mass was detected next to the bladder, with suspicions of it arising from the detrusor muscle. There was also a 3 cm Bartholin’s cyst detected in the left vaginal wall. Her care was referred to the urology team who after further investigation and a transperineal biopsy of the mass diagnosed a paraurethral leiomyoma on histology. Given the patient was symptomatic, she opted for treatment. Embolisation was explored but was deemed not feasible due to a complex blood supply. Therefore, the patient underwent an open excision of leiomyoma as a combined abdominal and vaginal procedure.

Conclusion
Paraurethral leiomyoma are rare benign lesions and therefore pose diagnostic challenges as they must be differentiated from malignant tumours. Radiological imaging aids with diagnosis but diagnosis is confirmed on histology. The mainstay of treatment is surgical excision. This case is unusual given the patient’s age and post-menopausal status as the average age of presentation in the literature is 41 years old. The authors would recommend initial USS imaging for all patients presenting with overactive bladder symptoms and pelvic pain/discomfort.
Blocking Abundant RNA Transcripts by High-Affinity Oligonucleotides during Transcriptome Library Preparation
Authors: Everaert Celine , Verwilt Jasper , Verniers Kimberly , Vandamme Niels , Marcos Rubio Alvaro , Vandesompele Jo , Mestdagh Pieter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
RNA sequencing has become the gold standard for transcriptome analysis but has an inherent limitation of challenging quantification of low-abundant transcripts. In contrast to microarray technology, RNA sequencing reads are proportionally divided in function of transcript abundance. Therefore, low-abundant RNAs compete against highly abundant - and sometimes non-informative - RNA species.

Results
We developed an easy-to-use strategy based on high-affinity RNA-binding oligonucleotides to block reverse transcription and PCR amplification of specific RNA transcripts, thereby substantially reducing their abundance in the final sequencing library. To demonstrate the broad application potential of our method, we applied it to different transcripts and library preparation strategies, including YRNAs in small RNA sequencing of human blood plasma, mitochondrial rRNAs in both 3′ end sequencing and long-read sequencing, and MALAT1 in single-cell 3′ end sequencing. We demonstrate that the blocking strategy is highly efficient, reproducible, specific, and generally results in better transcriptome coverage and complexity.

Conclusion
Our method does not require modifications of the library preparation procedure apart from simply adding blocking oligonucleotides to the RT reaction and can thus be easily integrated into virtually any RNA sequencing library preparation protocol.