bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Data-Mining Algorithms to Parameterize Static and Dynamic Models
Authors: Kayode Babatope O , Stephen Karl D , Kaba Abdullah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many field development plans leverage integrated reservoir studies (IRS) involving static modeling, dynamic modeling, and forecasts. Porosity and permeability fields are distributed in static models using probabilistic approaches such as sequential Gaussian simulation. The static model also requires petrophysical rock types (PRTs) and saturation-height function (SHF), which are parameters derived from mercury-injection-capillary-pressure (MICP) data. This study presents the application of data mining algorithms for deriving useful parameters to constrain static and dynamic models and to derive PRT and SHF from non-MICP sources.
The paper presents the application of multivariate Gaussian regression for anomaly detection and filtering of core, log, and pressure data to rapidly eliminate outliers or incorrect values within a modeling dataset. We used a fixed window statistics algorithm to detect the intra-reservoir architecture (IRA) from the core permeability. The k-means clustering algorithm determined the PRT and SHF from core permeability and water saturation logs. Finally, a pattern recognition algorithm clustered the observed datum pressures into homogeneous groups and created a reservoir heterogeneity map to use as an input in the 3D permeability modeling. This study used data extracted from a hypothetical 3D model that distributes porosity and permeability using a sequential Gaussian simulation. The study defined the PRTs as functions of porosity and permeability using Winland's R35 equation and defined the SHFs for various PRTs to populate the water saturation in the hypothetical model. It assumed the hypothetical model as the truth model and subsequently defined several wells randomly in the truth model to obtain the porosity, permeability, water saturation, and PRT logs. This study obtained the observed datum pressures using a dynamic simulation of the truth model over a few years.
We presented a new diagnostic plot that works with the traditional semi-log plot of porosity and permeability. This new diagnostic plots the semi-log of the global set of core permeability versus depth. We used the plot to obtain IRA by calculating the arithmetic mean permeability over every 1ft thickness and defining its boundaries of stationarity. The PRT and SHF derived from the k-means clustering were sufficiently similar to the truth model results. Anomaly filtering of the global pressure set helped detect data outliers that may have gone unnoticed.
The data mining algorithms presented in this study could help obtain the PRT and SHF to complement Winland's interpretation when mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) experiments are limited or unavailable, saving time and cost. Using IRA and reservoir heterogeneity maps in the static modeling process could produce a statistically and phenomenologically representative model, requiring limited history-matching intervention. To our knowledge, this is the first study to map the IRA of a reservoir using core data.
Generation of cell lines for the usage of Intron-encoded Scarless Programmable Extranuclear Cistronic Transcripts (INSPECT)
Authors: TRUONG Dong-Jiunn Jeffery , Armbrust Niklas , Geilenkeuser Julian , Westmeyer Gil Gregor 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite their pivotal role in evaluating (patho)physiological cell states, traditional gene reporters can follow gene expression but leave marks on proteins or significantly modify mature mRNA. Multi-time point readouts of non-coding RNAs are, to date, not applicable without changing their nucleotide sequence, which may affect their natural function, half-life, and localization. We thus created INSPECT (Intron-encoded Scarless Programmable Extranuclear Cistronic Transcripts) as a minimally invasive transcriptional reporter nested within an intron of a gene of interest. Post-transcriptional excision of INSPECT results in a mature RNA with no sequence changes and an additional synthetic transcript that leaves the nucleus by hijacking the nuclear host export machinery for cytosolic translation into a reporter protein. Here, we first illustrate the cloning of such an INSPECT DNA donor construct and an auxiliary CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid to insert INSPECT into a gene of interest and, secondly, exemplary for NEAT1_long, we showed the generation of such a cell line.
Control of nonlinear bulk deformation and large shear strain on first-order phase transformation kinetics
Authors: Utkin Ivan , Schmalholz Stefan Markus , Podladchikov Yury 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Phase transformations play a key role for many coupled natural processes and they are important for many industrial applications. However, the kinetics of phase transformations taking place in coupled chemo-mechanical systems undergoing large mechanical deformations still need to be better quantified. Here, we study phase transformation kinetics for two phases having each two chemical components. We couple a Cahn-Hilliard type model with a mechanical model for compressible viscous flow. The bulk compressibility is a nonlinear function of the pressure and the shear viscosity is a nonlinear function of the concentration. The mechanical coupling is done by considering a pressure-dependent mechanical mixing term in the equation for the Gibbs energy. We derive a dimensionless system of equations which we solve numerically with a pseudo-transient method using conservative finite differences for discretisation. We perform 1D and 2D numerical simulations and consider far-field simple shear and pure shear. For a chemo-mechanically coupled system, we show that the velocity of the phase boundary is a linear function of the degree of metastability and, hence, confirm the hypothesis of “normal growth”. A stronger mechanical coupling and a larger volumetric effect of the chemical reaction cause slower phase boundary velocities. The 2D results show a significant impact of the mechanical coupling and the far-field deformation on the orientation and kinetics of the phase transformations. Under far-field simple shear and pure shear, the phase transformations generate string-like patterns. The orientation of these patterns is controlled by the applied far-field deformation and orientations differ by 45 degrees between simple shear and pure shear.
Uncertain Chinese Postman Problem with Budget Constraint: A Robust Optimization Approach
Authors: Das M. , Nahak Chandal , Biswal M.P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The Chinese postman problem (CPP) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem, that is used in various real-world applications. Modeling such real-world applications frequently necessitates taking into account some uncertain variables. Robust optimization is one of the prominent approach to solves optimization problems when there is uncertainty in the parameters of the optimization problem. In this paper, we study uncertain multi-objective Chinese postman problem with budget constraint by maximizing profit and minimizing time under the light of robust optimization theory. We formulate the deterministic form of uncertain multi-objective CPP for three different types of uncertainty sets like ellipsoidal, polyhedral and budgeted uncertainty sets. The models are then solved using two well-known multi-objective solution strategies: the global criteria approach and the fuzzy programming method. Finally, numerical experiment are made through the models.
MSC Classification: 90C17 , 90C05 , 90C90
A Variance Difference Method for Determining Optimal Number of Clusters in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: S Girija M , R Tapas Bapu B , D Magesh Babu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSensor networks are frequently employed to keep an eye on rapidly changing, dynamic environments. Low latency, energy efficiency, coverage difficulties, and network lifetime are seen to be the most important problems in wireless sensor networks. Cluster-based wireless sensor networks require additional study to overcome issues with energy efficiency and network lifespan. Finding the ideal number of clusters with the goal of reducing energy consumption is one of the primary challenges in cluster-based networks. The right value for k relies on the shape and size of the point distribution in a data collection, as well as the user's preferred level of clustering resolution. Additionally, if each data point is taken into account as its own cluster, increasing k without suffering any penalties diminishes the degree of accuracy in the resulting clustering until it reaches zero. Hence, Variance Difference Method (VDM) is proposed in order to determine the ideal number of clusters K and to carry out clustering in WSN. Elbow method, Silhouette method, and Gap statistic method performance is also reviewed and contrasted with that of the suggested VDM in order to demonstrate that the proposed VDM performs better than Elbow method, Silhouette method, and Gap Statistic method.
Impacts of a weakened AMOC on precipitation over the Euro- Atlantic region in the EC-Earth3 climate model
Authors: Bellomo Katinka , Meccia Virna L. , D’Agostino Roberta , Fabiano Federico , Larson Sarah M. , von Hardenberg Jost , Corti Susanna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Given paleoclimatic evidence that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) may affect the global climate system, we conduct model experiments with EC-Earth3, a state-of-the-art GCM, to specifically investigate, for the first time, mechanisms of precipitation change over the Euro-Atlantic sector induced by a weakened AMOC. We artificially weaken the strength of the AMOC in the model through the release of a freshwater anomaly into the Northern Hemisphere high latitude ocean, thereby obtaining a ~ 57% weaker AMOC with respect to its preindustrial strength for 60 model years. Similar to prior studies, we find that Northern Hemisphere precipitation decreases in response to a weakened AMOC. However, we also find that the frequency of wet days increases in some regions. By computing the atmospheric moisture budget, we find that intensified but drier storms cause less precipitation over land. Nevertheless, changes in the jet stream tend to enhance precipitation over northwestern Europe. We further investigate the association of precipitation anomalies with large-scale atmospheric circulations by computing weather regimes through clustering of geopotential height daily anomalies. We find an increase in the frequency of the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+), which is associated with an increase in the occurrence of wet days over northern Europe and drier conditions over southern Europe. Since a ~ 57% reduction in the AMOC strength is within the inter-model range of projected AMOC declines by the end of the 21st century, our results have implications for understanding the role of AMOC in future hydrological changes.
The Challenges in Neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Authors: Teng Haiying , Wang Zilan , Yang Xingyu , Wu Xiaoxiao , Chen Zhouqing , Wang Zhong , Chen Gang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a global crisis unique to the health care system around the world. It also had a profound impact on the management of neurosurgical patients. In our research, we intended to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on neurosurgery, particular including vascular and oncological neurosurgery.
Method
Two investigators independently and systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify relevant studies respecting the criteria for inclusion and exclusion published up to June 30th, 2022. The outcomes of our research including mortality rate, length of stay, modified Rankin Score, delay in care, Glasgow outcome scale and major complications.
Results
Two investigators independently and systematically searched 1270 results from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane database, and extracted the detailed data from 13 articles assessed for eligibility, including 2 intracerebral hemorrhage, five subarachnoid hemorrhage, two neuro-oncology and 2 unspecified neurosurgery. A total of 25,864 patients were included in our research.
Conclusion
Some of our included studies suggested that pandemic caused negative effect on the outcomes of neurosurgery while others suggested that the pandemic didn't cause significant effect on the neurosurgery. Meanwhile, the effect of pandemic on neurosurgery may differ from different region.
Routines for the synthesis of carbyne with more than 6000 atoms
Authors: Wong Chi Ho , Yeung Yan Ming , Zhao Xin , Law Wing Cheung , Tang CY , Mak Chee Leung , Leung Chi Wah , Lortz Rolf 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The superior electronic, optical and magnetic properties of the one-dimensional carbyne are of high technological relevance for the development of future optoelectronic and magnetoelectronic applications. However, the production of a monoatomic chain with more than 6000 carbon atoms is an enormous technological challenge. To predict the exact growth conditions and in particular the optimal chain length of a carbyne fibre in different molecular environments, we have developed a Monte Carlo model in which a finite-length carbyne with a size of 4000-15000 atoms is encapsulated by a carbon nanotube at finite temperature. Our simulation shows that the stability of the carbyne-nanotube is strongly influenced by the nature and porosity of the carbon nanotube, the external pressure, the temperature and the chain length. When the exact geometric structure of the carbon nanotube and the environmental parameters are provided as input, our simulation can predict the optimal length of the encapsulated carbyne. We have found four mechanisms of triggering chain breakage and have predicted the probable size of the carbyne fragments in excited states. Our work provides much needed input for optimising the carbyne length to produce carbon chains much longer than 6000 atoms at room temperature.
What is the evidence of how hospitals capture financial benefits of process improvement and does it impact hospital financial performance?: A systematic review
Authors: Evans Jane , Leggat Sandra , Samson Danny 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Title
What is the evidence of how hospitals capture financial benefits of process improvement and does it impact hospital financial performance?: A systematic review
Background
Hospitals managers around the world are looking for ways to address the continual growth in expenditure by reducing the level of waste in the healthcare delivery system and improving the value of care provided to patients. Process improvement methods are being applied to increase high value care, reduce low value care and remove waste from care processes.
The purpose of this study is to establish whether hospitals can measure and capture the financial benefits of process improvement (PI) through reducing process and clinical care waste and improving the value of care.
Methods
A systematic review was undertaken that followed the PRISMA process and employed qualitative research methods.
Results
Only six papers that reported a reduction in care process waste or improvement of the value of care using an evidence based PI approach and included financial benefits analysis were identified through the systematic review. In these papers, a positive financial impact was measured for the PI initiatives but none of the studies reported how the financial benefits were captured or applied to the enterprise level. Three of the studies suggested that sophisticated cost accounting systems were required to enable this.
Conclusion
The study demonstrates the paucity of literature in the field of PI and financial benefits measurement in healthcare. Where financial benefits are documented, they vary in terms of cost inclusions and the ‘level’ at which the costs were measured.
Further research on best practice financial measurement methods is needed to enable other hospitals to measure and capture financial benefits arising from their PI programs.
Development of Core Outcome Sets of Food for Special Medical Purposes designed for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study protocol
Authors: Mu Dongyu , Gong Jie , Wei Yaoyao , Chen Muxi , Yu Jiajie , Du Liang , Hu Wen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

The Chinese government stipulates all Food for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP) designed for specific diseases to be tested in clinical trials before approving it for registration. The process of developing core outcome sets (COSs), the minimum sets of outcomes supposed to be measured and reported, provides an economical and practical option for stakeholders to communicate and cooperate in conducting clinical trials as well as in reporting FSMP outcomes. This study uses type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as an example to develop COS for clinical trials of FSMP.

Methods

The COS for FSMP-T2DM will be divided into 3 phases and developed following COS-STAP and COS-STAD:
(1) Generate a list of relevant outcomes identified from a systematic review, in which information sources will mainly include published studies, regulatory documentation, and qualitative interviews of stakeholders. The identified outcomes will be categorized using a conceptual framework and formatted into the first round of the Delphi survey questionnaire items.
(2) At least 2 rounds of Delphi surveys will be performed among stakeholders to create the COS for FSMP-T2DM. Patients, clinical dietitians, physicians, COS researchers, journal editors, FSMP manufacturers, and regulatory representatives will be invited to score each outcome from aspects of importance.
(3) Hold a face-to-face or online consensus meeting to refine the content of the COS for FSMP-T2DM. Key stakeholders will be invited to attend the meeting to discuss and agree on the final COS.

Discussion

We have prepared an alternative solution of the Likert scale selection, Delphi survey rounds, scoring group, and consensus definitions in case of an unexpected situation.

Trial registration

COMET (1547).
Evaluation of a Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) workshop for peripheral intravenous cannulation
Authors: Steinwandel Ulrich , Coventry Linda , Kheirkhah Homa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly used as a non-invasive vascular access assessment method by clinicians from multiple disciplines worldwide, prior and during vascular access cannulations. While POCUS is a relatively new method to establish a vascular access in patients with complex vascular conditions, it is also essential to train and educate individuals who are novices in the techniques of cannulation so that they become proficient in performing this task subsequently on patients safely and successfully. A simulated environment may be a helpful tool to help healthcare providers establish skills in using POCUS safely and may also help them to successfully establish vascular access in patients. With this project, we sought to determine if participants of a simulated POCUS workshop for vascular access can use this technique successfully in their individual clinical environment after their attendance of a half-day workshop.
Methods:
A mixed-methods longitudinal study design was chosen to evaluate a point-of-care ultrasound workshop for peripheral intravenous cannula insertion. The workshops used simulation models for cannulation in combination with multiple ultrasound devices from various manufacturers. Participants self-assessed their cannulation skills using questionnaires prior to and directly after the workshop.
Results:
A total of 85 Individuals participated in eleven half-day workshops through 2021 and 2022. Workshop participants claimed that attending the workshop had significantly enhanced their clinical skill of using ultrasound for the purpose of cannulating a venous vessel. The level of confidence in using this technique had increased in all participants directly after conclusion of the workshop.
Conclusions:
Globally, clinicians are increasingly using POCUS to establish vascular access in patients, and it is necessary that they receive sufficient and adequately structured and formal training to successfully apply this technique in their clinical practice. Offering a workshop which uses simulation models in combination with various POCUS devices to demonstrate this technique in a hands-on approach has proven to be useful to establish this newly learned skill in clinicians.
Impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on global food security: Food affordability under pressure
Authors: Meijl Hans , Bartelings Heleen , Berkum Siemen van , Cui David , Kristkova Zuzana , Zeist Willem-Jan van 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Russian invasion of Ukraine has the potential to exacerbate food insecurity around the world as both countries are major exporter of grains and other agricultural products. In this model-based scenario study, medium-term effects of the war on agricultural production, trade flows, market prices, and food security are quantified. The scenarios focus on the possible consequences of macro-economic and agricultural production impacts in Ukraine, consequences of trade sanction measures against Russia, and related higher energy prices. From a food security perspective, we conclude that there is enough food on the global level, but higher food prices could become a problem for a part of the population that has a low income and spends a large part of their food on cereals. For some countries highly dependent on imports of Ukrainian and Russian cereals like Egypt and Turkey, food availability will come under some pressure.
Drought Stress Alters Photosynthetic and Carbohydrate-related Proteins in Leaves of Banana
Authors: Lau Su-Ee , Pua Teen-Lee , Saidi Noor Baity , Abdullah Janna Ong , Lamasudin Dhilia Udie , Tan Boon Chin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Drought is the most prominent limiting factor to crop productivity, posing a severe threat to food security. However, how plants respond to drought stress and post-drought recovery remains unclear. Therefore, this study determined the morphological and protein responses of banana plants (Musa acuminata cultivar Berangan) affected by drought stress, followed by water recovery. The results showed that drought significantly reduced the leaf area, plant height, fresh weight, stem circumference, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll contents, and root length of the bananas. In contrast, relative electrolyte leakage, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, were induced in the drought-treated banana leaves. However, the relative water content, MDA and hydrogen peroxide contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities, including CAT, APX, and GR, were comparable with well-watered plants after water recovery. Changes in the protein content between well-watered, drought-stressed, and recovered banana plants were determined using tandem mass tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics. Of the 1,018 differentially abundant proteins, 274 were significantly changed. The identified proteins differing between the treatments were mainly related to carbohydrate, energy and amino acid metabolisms, genetic information processing, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Our data may assist in developing a complete proteome dataset which could be valuable for developing drought-tolerant bananas.