bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retention and Overdose Risk among Patients Receiving Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Mental Health Care and Peer Recovery Support: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Park Ju Nyeong , Agee Tracy , McCormick Sean , Felsher Marisa , Collins Karina , Hsu Jeffrey , Schweizer Nicholas , Lucas Gregory , Falade-Nwulia Oluwaseun 
Published: March 2023

Background
Drug overdose remains a major crisis in the United States. Expanding substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and recovery support services is critical for reducing overdose risk during disasters such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) pandemic. We evaluated the outcomes of an innovative multicomponent service, inclusive of medications for SUD, and peer support, colocated in an outpatient infectious disease clinic in Baltimore City. Our goal was to examine whether a multicomponent SUD program can support patients in recovery during a pandemic.

Methods
One hundred five patients in the RESTORE service between 2019–2020 completed baseline, 3-month, and 6-month surveys. Telemedicine and phone-based support groups were implemented in March 2020 after statewide restrictions on face-to-face services due to SARS-CoV2. Data from surveys and electronic medical records were integrated and analyzed using mixed-effects regression models.

Results
At baseline, most patients (88%) reported using drugs/alcohol in the preceding 30 days; 48% of patients reported a history of drug overdose, as well anxiety (23%) and depression (28%) symptoms. Despite pandemic-related disruptions and procedural changes, retention in RESTORE was high (83% after 3 months, 76% after 6 months). Mixed-effects regression models indicated decreased anxiety, alcohol use, heroin use, and nonfatal overdose after 6 months of enrollment (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Multicomponent SUD services that are colocated within infectious disease specialty services could help patients to successfully manage their overdose risk and mental health even during future disasters. This model of care could be implemented in other specialty settings that see high rates of SUD.
Surgical and Health-related Quality of life Outcomes in Children With Congenital Scoliosis During 5-year Follow-up. Comparison to Age and Sex-matched Healthy Controls
Authors: Haapala Hermanni , Heiskanen Susanna , Syvänen Johanna , Raitio Arimatias , Helenius Linda , Ahonen Matti , Diarbakerli Elias , Gerdhem Paul , Helenius Ilkka 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Congenital spinal anomalies represent a heterogeneous group of spinal deformities, of which only progressive or severe curves warrant surgical management. Only a limited number of studies have investigated the impact of surgery on the health-related quality of life and very limited data exists comparing these outcomes to healthy controls.

Methods:
A single surgeon series of 67 consecutive children with congenital scoliosis (mean age at surgery 8.0 y, range: 1.0 to 18.3 y, 28 girls) undergoing hemivertebrectomy (n = 34), instrumented spinal fusion (n = 20), or vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib procedure (n = 13) with a mean follow-up of 5.8 years (range: 2 to 13 y). The comparison was made to age and sex-matched healthy controls. Outcome measures included the Scoliosis Research Society questionnaire both pre and postoperatively, radiographic outcomes, and complications.

Results:
The average major curve correction was significantly better in the hemivertebrectomy (60%) and instrumented spinal fusion (51%) than in the vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib group (24%), respectively (P < 0.001). Complications were noted in 8 of 67 (12%) children, but all patients recovered fully during follow-up. Pain, self-image, and function domains improved numerically from preoperative to final follow-up, but the pain score was the only one with a statistically significant change (P = 0.033). The Scoliosis Research Society pain, self-image, and function domain scores remained at a significantly lower level at the final follow-up than in the healthy controls (P ≤ 0.05), while activity scores improved to a similar level.

Conclusions:
Surgery for congenital scoliosis improved angular spinal deformities with a reasonable risk of complications. Health-related quality of life outcomes improved from preoperative to final follow-up, but especially pain and function domains remained at a significantly lower level than in the age and sex-matched healthy controls.

Level of Evidence:
Level III, therapeutic.
Surgical Outcomes of Cerebral Palsy Patients With Scoliosis and Lumbar Hyperlordosis
Authors: Lau Darryl , Samdani Amer F. , Pahys Joshua M. , Miyanji Firoz , Shah Suken A. , Lonner Baron S. , Sponseller Paul D. , Yaszay Burt , Hwang Steven W. ,   Harms Study Group Investigators
Published: March 2023

Study Design.
Retrospective review of a prospectively collected multicenter database

Objective.
To compare outcomes of patients with cerebral palsy (CP) who undergo surgery for scoliosis with normal lordosis (NL) versus hyperlordosis.

Summary of Background Data.
Surgical correction of scoliosis with lumbar hyperlordosis is challenging. Hyperlordosis may confer higher perioperative morbidity, but this is not well understood.

Materials and Methods.
A multicenter database was queried for CP patients who underwent surgery from 2008 to 2017. The minimum follow-up was 2 years. Two groups were identified: lumbar lordosis <75° (NL) versus ≥ 75° hyperlordosis (HL). Perioperative, radiographic, and clinical outcomes were compared.

Results.
Two hundred seventy-five patients were studied: 236 NL and 39 HL (−75 to −125°). The mean age was 14.1 years, and 52.4% were male. Patients with hyperlordosis had less cognitive impairment (76.9% vs. 94.0%, P=0.008) and higher CPCHILD scores (59.4 vs. 51.0, P=0.003). Other demographics were similar between the groups. Patients with hyperlordosis had greater lumbar lordosis (-90.5 vs. −31.5°, P<0.001) and smaller sagittal vertical axis (−4.0 vs. 2.6 cm, P<0.001). Patients with hyperlordosis had greater estimated blood loss (2222.0 vs. 1460.7 mL, P<0.001) but a similar perioperative complication rate (20.5% vs. 22.5%, P=0.787). Significant correction of all radiographic parameters was achieved in both groups. The HL group had postoperative lumbar lordosis of -68.2° and sagittal vertical axis of −1.0 cm. At a 2-year follow-up, patients with hyperlordosis continued to have higher CPCHILD scores and gained the greatest benefit in overall quality of life measures (20.0 vs. 6.1, P=0.008). The reoperation rate was 10.2%: implant failure (3.6%), pseudarthrosis (0.7%), and wound complications (7.3%). There were no differences in the reoperation rate between the groups.

Conclusion.
Surgical correction of scoliosis with hyperlordosis is associated with greater estimated blood loss but similar radiographic results, perioperative morbidity, and reoperation rate as normal lordosis. Patients with hyperlordosis gained greater overall health benefits. Correction of ≥25% of hyperlordosis seems satisfactory.

Level of Evidence.
3
Proteome and genome integration analysis of obesity
Authors: Zhao Qigang , Han Baixue , Xu Qian , Wang Tao , Fang Chen , Li Rui , Zhang Lei , Pei Yufang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide in recent decades. Genetic factors are now known to play a substantial role in the predisposition to obesity and may contribute up to 70% of the risk for obesity. Technological advancements during the last decades have allowed the identification of many hundreds of genetic markers associated with obesity. However, the transformation of current genetic variant-obesity associations into biological knowledge has been proven challenging. Genomics and proteomics are complementary fields, as proteomics extends functional analyses. Integrating genomic and proteomic data can help to bridge a gap in knowledge regarding genetic variant–obesity associations and to identify new drug targets for the treatment of obesity. We provide an overview of the published papers on the integrated analysis of proteomic and genomic data in obesity and summarize four mainstream strategies: overlap, colocalization, Mendelian randomization, and proteome-wide association studies. The integrated analyses identified many obesity-associated proteins, such as leptin, follistatin, and adenylate cyclase 3. Despite great progress, integrative studies focusing on obesity are still limited. There is an increased demand for large prospective cohort studies to identify and validate findings, and further apply these findings to the prevention, intervention, and treatment of obesity. In addition, we also discuss several other potential integration methods.
Nuclear factor-Y mediates pancreatic β-cell compensation by repressing reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis under metabolic stress
Authors: He Siyuan , Yu Xiaoqian , Cui Daxin , Liu Yin , Yang Shanshan , Zhang Hongmei , Hu Wanxin , Su Zhiguang 
Published: March 2023

Background
Pancreatic β-cells elevate insulin production and secretion through a compensatory mechanism to override insulin resistance under metabolic stress conditions. Deficits in β-cell compensatory capacity result in hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanism in the regulation of β-cell compensative capacity remains elusive. Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) is critical for pancreatic islets' homeostasis under physiological conditions, but its role in β-cell compensatory response to insulin resistance in obesity is unclear.

Methods
In this study, using obese (ob/ob) mice with an absence of NF-Y subunit A (NF-YA) in β-cells (ob, Nf-ya βKO) as well as rat insulinoma cell line (INS1)-based models, we determined whether NF-Y-mediated apoptosis makes an essential contribution to β-cell compensation upon metabolic stress.

Results
We showed that obese animals had markedly augmented NF-Y expression in pancreatic islets. Deletion of β-cell Nf-ya in obese mice worsened glucose intolerance and resulted in β-cell dysfunction, which was attributable to augmented β-cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, we showed that primary pancreatic islets from Nf-ya βKO mice were sensitive to palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis due to mitochondrial impairment and the attenuated antioxidant response, which resulted in the aggravation of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and cleaved caspase-3. These detrimental effects were completely relieved by ROS scavenger. Ultimately, we showed that forced overexpression of NF-Y in INS1 β-cell line could rescue palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis, dysfunction, and mitochondrial impairment.

Conclusion
Pancreatic NF-Y might be an essential regulator of β-cell compensation under metabolic stress.
Cellulite Pathophysiology and Psychosocial Implications
Authors: Bass Lawrence S. , Hibler Brian P. , Khalifian Saami , Shridharani Sachin M. , Klibanov Olga M. , Moradi Amir 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND
Cellulite is a highly prevalent aesthetic condition in postpubertal women.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this article was to describe the latest data on the pathophysiology of cellulite and to highlight the psychosocial aspects that should be considered when treating cellulite.

METHODS
A roundtable meeting was convened to discuss and share views on the latest data on the pathophysiology and psychosocial aspects of cellulite. The participants' experience helped guide a narrative review on this topic.

RESULTS
The pathophysiology of cellulite primarily involves fibrous septal changes. Strategies targeting the fibrous septa have shown the most consistent efficacy, while showing inconsistent or short-term results when targeting the other components of cellulite, such as decreased dermal thickness, vascular alterations, and inflammation. Female sex, increased age, and high body mass index contribute to cellulite pathophysiology.

CONCLUSION
Patients seeking treatment for cellulite are willing to endure numerous treatments, high cost, temporary and/or delayed results, and invasive procedures with potential adverse effects. Psychological discomfort has been reported among patients with cellulite, and understanding their behaviors and psychological characteristics can help clinicians provide better care to these patients seeking treatment.
Cellulite: Current Treatments, New Technology, and Clinical Management
Authors: LaTowsky Brenda , Jacob Carolyn , Hibler Brian P. , Lorenc Paul Z. , Petraki Chrysi , Palm Melanie 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND
Cellulite is a well-known concern for many women; however, treatment can prove challenging because of the complexities of cellulite etiology, the various factors contributing to its appearance, and the multitude of therapies and procedures available.

OBJECTIVE
To discuss current cellulite treatment options and effective clinical management.

METHODS
A roundtable meeting was convened to discuss and share views on current cellulite treatment options, new technologies, and clinical management. The participants' views helped guide a narrative review on this topic.

RESULTS
Advanced interventions for cellulite treatment—such as physical and acoustic subcision, radiofrequency, and injectable biostimulators—are gradually being established, with accumulating evidence showing efficacy, patient satisfaction, and potentially long-lasting outcomes. Cellulite severity rating scales are necessary for assessing treatment outcomes, but these can be complex to use in clinical practice, and the majority do not include patient or clinician perspectives.

CONCLUSION
With the advent of new treatments and technologies, cosmetic surgeons and dermatologists will need to tailor their approach to each patient's needs and manage patient expectations because multimodal methods are likely to be required to address the various factors underlying cellulite appearance.
Visual outcomes, satisfaction, and spectacle independence with a nondiffractive extended vision intraocular lens targeted for slight monovision
Authors: Solomon Kerry D. , Sandoval Helga P. , Potvin Richard 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate vision, satisfaction, and spectacle independence of the AcrySof IQ Vivity intraocular lens when the nondominant eye is targeted for slight myopia.

Setting:
1 clinical practice in the United States.

Design:
Prospective unmasked nonrandomized clinical trial.

Methods:
Patients presenting for cataract surgery interested in reducing their dependence on spectacles were enrolled, with the dominant eye targeted for emmetropia and the nondominant eye targeted for slight monovision (−0.50 diopters [D]). Visual disturbances, satisfaction, and spectacle independence were evaluated. Visual acuity (VA) was tested at distance (4 m), intermediate (66 cm), and near (40 cm) at 3 months postoperatively when uncorrected, with both eyes corrected to emmetropia and with 1 eye adjusted for monovision. 2 binocular defocus curves were also collected under the latter 2 conditions.

Results:
Data from 31 patients were analyzed. The mean refractive spherical equivalent was 0.45 D more myopic in the nondominant eye, resulting in worse uncorrected VA at distance but better uncorrected VA at near. The binocular defocus curve with monovision showed significantly better VA from −2.0 to −3.0 D, and patients reported less need for spectacles (and better vision) at near than reported with binocular emmetropia. Glare, blurred vision, and starbursts were the most reported visual disturbances. Although not correlated with the difference in refraction, glare and blurred vision were significantly correlated with overall satisfaction.

Conclusions:
Implanting this IOL with a target of slight myopia in the nondominant eye appears to be a viable way to improve near vision, although with an increased potential for visual disturbances.
Changing trends, clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatment patterns, and prognosis of schistosomiasis-associated versus non-schistosomiasis-associated colorectal cancer: a large retrospective cohort study of 31 153 cases in Shanghai, China (2001–2021)
Authors: Zheng Nanxin , Wang Hao , Yu Qing , Wang Chen , Bai Chen Guang , Pan An Fu , Jiang Jianjun , Lu Jian , Dai Si Min , Mei Zubing , Zhang Wei , Gao Xian Hua 
Published: March 2023

Background:
With the elimination of schistosomiasis in China, its role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has decreased. However, the trends, clinicopathological features, surgical treatment patterns, and prognosis of schistosomiasis-associated CRC (SACRC) versus non-schistosomiasis-associated CRC (NSACRC) in China remain unclear.

Materials and methods:
The percentage trend of SACRC in CRC patients in China was analyzed using data retrieved from the Pathology Registry of Changhai Hospital (2001–2021). Clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatment patterns, and prognosis-related parameters were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results:
A total of 31 153 CRC cases were included, with 823 (2.6%) cases of SACRC and 30 330 (97.4%) cases of NSACRC. The average percentage of SACRC cases has decreased continuously from 3.8 to 1.7% (from 2001 to 2021). Compared with the NSACRC group, the SACRC group had more men, older age at diagnosis, lower BMI, fewer symptoms; higher rates of rectal cancer, comorbidities, KRAS mutation, multiple primary CRC and concomitant polyps; less lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, vascular invasion, and tumor budding; less preoperative radiotherapy and preoperative chemotherapy; and more positive resection margins and postoperative targeted therapy. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding laparoscopic surgery, palliative resection, extended radical resection, or ostomy. Moreover, the SACRC group had adverse DFS and similar OS compared with the NSACRC group. In multivariate analyses, schistosomiasis was not an independent predictor of DFS or OS.

Conclusion:
The percentage of SACRC in CRC (2.6%) in our hospital was very low, and it decreased continuously over the last two decades, indicating that schistosomiasis is no longer an important risk factor for CRC in Shanghai, China. Patients with SACRC have distinct clinicopathological, molecular, and treatment-related features and survival rates similar to those with NSACRC.
Early and late recurrence patterns of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a multicenter study
Authors: Zhang Xiu-Ping , Xu Shuai , Gao Yuan-Xing , Zhao Zhi-Ming , Zhao Guo-Dong , Hu Ming-Gen , Tan Xiang-Long , Lau Wan Yee , Liu Rong 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poor because of high incidences of recurrence. The risk factors, patterns, and long-term prognosis in patients with early recurrence and late recurrence (ER and LR) for PDAC after PD were studied.

Methods:
Data from patients who underwent PD for PDAC were analyzed. Recurrence was divided into ER (ER ≤1 years) and LR (LR >1 years) using the time to recurrence after surgery. Characteristics and patterns of initial recurrence, and postrecurrence survival (PRS) were compared between patients with ER and LR.

Results:
Among the 634 patients, 281 (44.3%) and 249 (39.3%) patients developed ER and LR, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, preoperative CA19-9 levels, resection margin status, and tumor differentiation were significantly associated with both ER and LR, while lymph node metastasis and perineal invasion were associated with LR. Patients with ER, when compared with patients with LR, showed a significantly higher proportion of liver-only recurrence (P<0.05), and worse median PRS (5.2 vs. 9.3 months, P<0.001). Lung-only recurrence had a significantly longer PRS when compared with liver-only recurrence (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that ER and irregular postoperative recurrence surveillance were independently associated with a worse prognosis (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
The risk factors for ER and LR after PD are different for PDAC patients. Patients who developed ER had worse PRS than those who developed LR. Patients with lung-only recurrence had a significantly better prognosis than those with other recurrent sites.
Deep-learning-based semantic segmentation of autonomic nerves from laparoscopic images of colorectal surgery: an experimental pilot study
Authors: Kojima Shigehiro , Kitaguchi Daichi , Igaki Takahiro , Nakajima Kei , Ishikawa Yuto , Harai Yuriko , Yamada Atsushi , Lee Younae , Hayashi Kazuyuki , Kosugi Norihito , Hasegawa Hiro , Ito Masaaki 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The preservation of autonomic nerves is the most important factor in maintaining genitourinary function in colorectal surgery; however, these nerves are not clearly recognisable, and their identification is strongly affected by the surgical ability. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a deep learning model for the semantic segmentation of autonomic nerves during laparoscopic colorectal surgery and to experimentally verify the model through intraoperative use and pathological examination.

Materials and methods:
The annotation data set comprised videos of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. The images of the hypogastric nerve (HGN) and superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) were manually annotated under a surgeon’s supervision. The Dice coefficient was used to quantify the model performance after five-fold cross-validation. The model was used in actual surgeries to compare the recognition timing of the model with that of surgeons, and pathological examination was performed to confirm whether the samples labelled by the model from the colorectal branches of the HGN and SHP were nerves.

Results:
The data set comprised 12 978 video frames of the HGN from 245 videos and 5198 frames of the SHP from 44 videos. The mean (±SD) Dice coefficients of the HGN and SHP were 0.56 (±0.03) and 0.49 (±0.07), respectively. The proposed model was used in 12 surgeries, and it recognised the right HGN earlier than the surgeons did in 50.0% of the cases, the left HGN earlier in 41.7% of the cases and the SHP earlier in 50.0% of the cases. Pathological examination confirmed that all 11 samples were nerve tissue.

Conclusion:
An approach for the deep-learning-based semantic segmentation of autonomic nerves was developed and experimentally validated. This model may facilitate intraoperative recognition during laparoscopic colorectal surgery.