bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C77. Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction with Acute Kidney Injury caused by Cardiogenic Shock, Is it Really Safe?: A Case Report
Authors: Pamuna O S , Rohman M S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a life-threatening condition. Timely treatment with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is a recommended management of STEMI. However, PCI in STEMI with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) was a high-risk procedure with possibilities of worsening renal function.

Case Description
A 53 years old, woman, was referred from a private hospital with STEMI inferior Killip IV onset 5 hours with typical chest pain and azotemia. Creatinine serum was 3.4 mg/dl; eGFR 15 ml/m/1.73m2. Blood Gas Analyses show metabolic acidosis uncompensated. In the emergency room, she got hydration and inotropic drugs. After the PCI procedure, she was fallen into an altered mental status and shock condition. The laboratorium result in our hospital showed improvement of creatinine level to 1.6 mg/dl. We treated this patient for 9 days, with optimal medicaments and fluid therapy. On the last day of treatment, there is an improvement in clinical presentation and laboratorium results.

Discussion
STEMI is a life-threatening condition caused by acute occlusion in the coronary artery. The guideline strongly recommended Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a patient with STEMI and cardiogenic shock. AKI in STEMI patients was a consequence of acute cardiac condition and its treatment. PPCI in AKI condition can improve renal function due to improvement of renal flow. But on the other side, it can worsen renal function due to contrast-related acute kidney injury. Proper management to prevent worsening of renal function is very important.
What can we learn from Australian general practices taking steps to be more environmentally sustainable? A qualitative study
Authors: Pavli Alex , Loblay Victoria , Rychetnik Lucie , Usherwood Tim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Climate change is impacting the health of individuals worldwide. At the same time, the healthcare sector contributes to carbon emissions. In Australia, healthcare contributes 7% of the country’s carbon footprint. Research into the environmental impact and mitigation of carbon emissions in primary care is an emerging area.

Objective
To explore staff perspectives on facilitators and barriers to environmental sustainability in 3 Australian general practices seeking to reduce their environmental impact.

Methods
We used a qualitative, case-study approach, conducting 23 semistructured interviews with staff across the 3 practices including nurses, administrative staff, and doctors. Observation of systems and staff behaviour relating to environmental sustainability was undertaken at 1 practice. Thematic analysis was conducted to determine themes relating to factors influencing the implementation of environmentally sustainable initiatives within practice settings.

Results
Climate mitigation efforts raised by participants were largely focussed on energy and waste reduction, rather than prescribing pharmaceuticals and staff and patient transport. Three main factors influencing change towards sustainable practice were identified: “Leadership,” “Staff Engagement and Workplace Culture,” and “Concomitant Benefits.” A leadership team and workplace culture that valued environmental sustainability were found to be important facilitators, as were concomitant benefits, in particular financial savings. Barriers included what interviewees described as a lack of knowledge about initiatives with the highest impact, lack of understanding described by staff of the evidence behind particular initiatives, waning staff engagement and infection control concerns.

Conclusions
Our research highlights several important factors that contribute to the implementation of intended environmentally sustainable initiatives in these 3 practices. Further education, research and high-level policy guidance on the potential environmental impact of prescribing pharmaceuticals, staff and patient transport and unnecessary tests and treatments are recommended to further promote environmental sustainability in primary care.
Examining the Causal Mediating Role of Cardiovascular Disease on the Effect of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease on Cognitive Impairment via Separable Effects
Authors: Andrews Ryan M , Shpitser Ilya , Didelez Vanessa , Chaves Paulo H M , Lopez Oscar L , Carlson Michelle C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
An important epidemiological question is understanding how vascular risk factors contribute to cognitive impairment. Using data from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study, we investigated how subclinical cardiovascular disease (sCVD) relates to cognitive impairment risk and the extent to which the hypothesized risk is mediated by the incidence of clinically manifested cardiovascular disease (CVD), both overall and within apolipoprotein E-4 (APOE-4) subgroups.

Methods
We adopted a novel “separable effects” causal mediation framework that assumes that sCVD has separably intervenable atherosclerosis-related components. We then ran several mediation models, adjusting for key covariates.

Results
We found that sCVD increased overall risk of cognitive impairment (risk ratio [RR] = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 1.44); however, there was little or no mediation by incident clinically manifested CVD (indirect effect RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.03). We also found attenuated effects among APOE-4 carriers (total effect RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.47; indirect effect RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.01) and stronger findings among noncarriers (total effect RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.60; indirect effect RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.05). In secondary analyses restricting cognitive impairment to only incident dementia cases, we found similar effect patterns.

Conclusions
We found that the effect of sCVD on cognitive impairment does not seem to be mediated by CVD, both overall and within APOE-4 subgroups. Our results were critically assessed via sensitivity analyses, and they were found to be robust. Future work is needed to fully understand the relationship between sCVD, CVD, and cognitive impairment.
“City by city:” reclaiming people of color voices through the Narrative Justice Project
Authors: Grant Rachel , Wakeman Vanessa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Narrative Justice Project (NJP) challenges master narratives and creates more complex understandings by delving into the human-interest aspects of mass communications. For people of color (POC), the mass media is a racialized tool used in the historical context to justify the lack of rights or equality. This study illustrates how counter-stories function as a redefinition of humanity. The NJP training presents those communication values for POC to understand how to explain their complex narratives while also giving communities the ability to advocate for themselves. Utilizing observation and focus groups, this study examined how public interest communication campaigns generate conversations that challenge hegemonic thinking of who is accepted into the public.
Hodge Theory for Polymatroids
Authors: Pagaria Roberto , Pezzoli Gian Marco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We construct a Leray model for a discrete polymatroid with arbitrary building set and we prove a generalized Goresky–MacPherson formula. The first row of the model is the Chow ring of the polymatroid; we prove Poincaré duality, Hard Lefschetz, and Hodge–Riemann theorems for the Chow ring. Furthermore, we provide a relative Lefschetz decomposition with respect to the deletion of an element.
Early initiation of three-drug combinations for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii among COVID-19 patients
Authors: Heil Emily L , Claeys Kimberly C , Kline Ellen G , Rogers Tara M , Squires Kevin M , Iovleva Alina , Doi Yohei , Banoub Mary , Noval Mandee M , Luethy Paul M , Shields Ryan K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who received three-drug combination regimens for treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections during a single-centre outbreak. Our objective was to describe the clinical outcomes and molecular characteristics and in vitro synergy of antibiotics against CRAB isolates.

Materials and methods
Patients with severe COVID-19 admitted between April and July 2020 with CRAB infections were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical success was defined as resolution of signs/symptoms of infection without need for additional antibiotics. Representative isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and in vitro synergy of two- or three-drug combinations was assessed by checkerboard and time-kill assays, respectively.

Results
Eighteen patients with CRAB pneumonia or bacteraemia were included. Treatment regimens included high-dose ampicillin-sulbactam, meropenem, plus polymyxin B (SUL/MEM/PMB; 72%), SUL/PMB plus minocycline (MIN; 17%) or other combinations (12%). Clinical resolution was achieved in 50% of patients and 30-day mortality was 22% (4/18). Seven patients had recurrent infections, during which further antimicrobial resistance to SUL or PMB was not evident. PMB/SUL was the most active two-drug combination by checkerboard. Paired isolates collected before and after treatment with SUL/MEM/PMB did not demonstrate new gene mutations or differences in the activity of two- or three-drug combinations.

Conclusions
Use of three-drug regimens for severe CRAB infections among COVID-19 resulted in high rates of clinical response and low mortality relative to previous studies. The emergence of further antibiotic resistance was not detected phenotypically or through WGS analysis. Additional studies are needed to elucidate preferred antibiotic combinations linked to the molecular characteristics of infecting strains.
222-nm UVC light as a skin-safe solution to antimicrobial resistance in acute hospital settings with a particular focus on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and surgical site infections: a review
Authors: Panzures Alexis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance necessitates a novel approach to disinfect multidrug resistant pathogens. Conventional 254-nm ultraviolet-C (UVC) light shows high germicidal efficacy against bacteria. However, it induces pyrimidine dimerization in exposed human skin with carcinogenic potential. Recent developments suggest 222-nm UVC light can be used to disinfect bacteria and cause less harm to human DNA. This new technology can be used to disinfect healthcare-associated infections and more specifically surgical site infections (SSIs). This includes but is not limited to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), P. aeruginosa, C. difficile, E. coli, and other aerobic bacteria. This thorough review of scarce literature assesses the germicidal efficacy and skin safety of 222-nm UVC light with a particular focus on its clinical applications to MRSA and SSIs. The study reviews a variety of experimental models, including in vivo and in vitro cell cultures, live human skin, human skin models, mice skin, and rabbit skin. The potential for long-term eradication of bacteria and efficacy against specific pathogens is appraised. This paper focuses on the methods and models used in past and present research to determine the efficacy and safety of 222-nm UVC in the acute hospital setting with a focus on MRSA and its applicability to SSIs.
Deep learning-based framework for monitoring wearing personal protective equipment on construction sites
Authors: Lee Yeo-Reum , Jung Seung-Hwan , Kang Kyung-Su , Ryu Han-Cheol , Ryu Han-Guk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The construction site is one of the most dangerous industries because the number of occupational injuries and fatalities is significantly higher compared to other industries. Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by workers can reduce the risk of occupational injuries and fatalities. However, for a variety of reasons, workers tend not to wear their PPEs properly. To address these issues, we propose a vision-based framework for monitoring wearing PPE. The developed framework is based on the real-time pixel-level detect model YOLACT, which employs MobileNetV3 as a backbone to lightweight the proposed framework. In addition, the framework uses DeepSORT of object tracking algorithm to interpolate frames not predicted by the model. The post-processing algorithm in our framework classifies the correlation between workers and PPE into four statuses based on the results predicted by YOLACT and the interpolated results from DeepSORT. The results showed that the fine-tuned model achieved 66.4 mean average precision50, and the algorithm successfully determined workers’ PPE-wearing status detection with 91.3% accuracy. This study shows the potential to prevent occupational injuries and reduce social costs by automating monitoring at construction sites in real-time.
Influence in investor-state dispute settlement: a dynamic concept
Authors: Cahill-O’Callaghan Rachel , Howard Anna , Brekoulakis Stavros 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) plays an increasingly important role in international trade resolution. The decisions have significant financial and in many cases policy implications, yet little is known about the formation of the ad-hoc panels and the decision-making process. Drawing on empirical evidence from interviews with key actors in the ISDS system, this article argues that influence plays a central role in both processes. The analysis further develops the framework for understanding influence in international decision-making to accommodate external factors (those visible to those appointing the decision-makers) and internal factors (those factors that become visible in the decision-making room). It draws our attention to the nuanced relationship and distinction between the characterization of influence in both contexts and poses a challenge to the traditional focus of appointments based on power and prestige which neglects the group decision-making context and the multifaceted construction of influence in this increasingly important method of adjudication.
Intralobar pulmonary sequestration: robotical resection using indocyanine green
Authors: Mohnke Jonas , Housmanou Danjouma Cheufou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPulmonary sequestration (PS) is a relatively rare congenital lung anomaly. There are two different subtypes of PS, intralobar and extralobar sequestration. The majority of cases is constituted by intralobar sequestration. Here, we report a case of a 39-year-old female with intralobar sequestration, which was successfully resected by robotic-assisted surgery.
A search for chemical anomalies of seven A-type stars
Authors: Nasolo Yahya , Çalışkan Seyma 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe present a chemical abundance analysis of seven A-type stars with no detailed chemical abundance measurements in the literature. High-resolution spectra of the targets – HD 2924, HD 4321, HD 26553, HD 125658, HD 137928, HD 154713, and HD 159834 – were obtained using the Coudé Echelle Spectrograph at the TÜBİTAK National Observatory. We determined the atmospheric abundances of the samples and measured the elemental abundances of C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd. The masses of the stars were estimated based on their evolutionary tracks, and their ages were calculated using isochrones. We also calculated the radii of the stars. The abundance patterns of HD 4321, HD 125658, and HD 154713 were found to be in agreement with those of classical Am stars, with underabundant Ca and Sc, overabundant heavier elements, and moderate overabundance of iron-peak elements. We found that HD 137928 and HD 159834 have abundance characteristics similar to marginal Am-type stars. The elemental distributions of HD 2924 and HD 26553 are consistent with the pattern of normal A-type stars. The iron, nickel, and zinc abundances of HD 125658 and HD 137928 are significantly higher than those of other Am stars. These values suggest that they are among the most metal-rich Am stars.
Heavy metal ions exchange driven protein phosphorylation cascade functions in genomic instability in spermatocytes and male infertility
Authors: Li Ren-Yan , Yang Dan , He Yan-Ji , Zhou Yong , Li Cheng-Cheng , Li Lian-Bing , Liao Ming-Xing , Deng Zhong-Liang , Zhao Le-Tian , Zhang Tian-Feng , Luo Yong , Wang Ying-Xiong , Gao Yan-Fei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are functionally linked to genomic instability in spermatocytes and to male infertility. The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is known to induce DNA damage in spermatocytes by unknown mechanisms. Here, we showed that Cd ions impaired the canonical non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathway, but not the homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway, through stimulation of Ser2056 and Thr2609 phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs at DSB sites. Hyper-phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs led to its premature dissociation from DNA ends and the Ku complex, preventing recruitment of processing enzymes and further ligation of DNA ends. Specifically, this cascade was initiated by the loss of PP5 phosphatase activity, which results from the dissociation of PP5 from its activating ions (Mn), that is antagonized by Cd ions through a competitive mechanism. In accordance, in a mouse model Cd-induced genomic instability and consequential male reproductive dysfunction were effectively reversed by a high dosage of Mn ions. Together, our findings corroborate a protein phosphorylation-mediated genomic instability pathway in spermatocytes that is triggered by exchange of heavy metal ions.
Hello darkness, my old friend: 3-KETOACYL-COENZYME A SYNTHASE4 is a branch point in the regulation of triacylglycerol synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Luzarowska Urszula , Ruß Anne-Kathrin , Joubès Jérôme , Batsale Marguerite , Szymański Jędrzej , P. Thirumalaikumar Venkatesh , Luzarowski Marcin , Wu Si , Zhu Feng , Endres Niklas , Khedhayir Sarah , Schumacher Julia , Jasinska Weronika , Xu Ke , Correa Cordoba Sandra Marcela , Weil Simy , Skirycz Aleksandra , Fernie Alisdair Robert , Li-Beisson Yonghua , Fusari Corina M , Brotman Yariv 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Plant lipids are important as alternative sources of carbon and energy when sugars or starch are limited. Here, we applied combined heat and darkness or extended darkness to a panel of ∼300 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions to study lipid remodeling under carbon starvation. Natural allelic variation at 3-KETOACYL-COENZYME A SYNTHASE4 (KCS4), a gene encoding an enzyme involved in very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) synthesis, underlies the differential accumulation of polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (puTAGs) under stress. Ectopic expression of KCS4 in yeast and plants proved that KCS4 is a functional enzyme localized in the endoplasmic reticulum with specificity for C22 and C24 saturated acyl-CoA. Allelic mutants and transient overexpression in planta revealed the differential role of KCS4 alleles in VLCFA synthesis and leaf wax coverage, puTAG accumulation, and biomass. Moreover, the region harboring KCS4 is under high selective pressure and allelic variation at KCS4 correlates with environmental parameters from the locales of Arabidopsis accessions. Our results provide evidence that KCS4 plays a decisive role in the subsequent fate of fatty acids released from chloroplast membrane lipids under carbon starvation. This work sheds light on both plant response mechanisms and the evolutionary events shaping the lipidome under carbon starvation.
The maize ZmVPS23-like protein relocates the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein Rp1-D21 to endosomes and suppresses the defense response
Authors: Sun Yang , Ma Shijun , Liu Xiangguo , Wang Guan-Feng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlants often utilize nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins to perceive pathogen infections and trigger a hypersensitive response (HR). The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is a conserved multisubunit complex that is essential for the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies and cargo protein sorting. VPS23 is a key component of ESCRT-I and plays important roles in plant development and abiotic stresses. ZmVPS23L, a homolog of VPS23-like in maize (Zea mays), was previously identified as a candidate gene in modulating HR mediated by the autoactive NLR protein Rp1-D21 in different maize populations. Here, we demonstrate that ZmVPS23L suppresses Rp1-D21-mediated HR in maize and Nicotiana benthamiana. Variation in the suppressive effect of HR by different ZmVPS23L alleles was correlated with variation in their expression levels. ZmVPS23 also suppressed Rp1-D21-mediated HR. ZmVPS23L and ZmVPS23 predominantly localized to endosomes, and they physically interacted with the coiled-coil domain of Rp1-D21 and mediated the relocation of Rp1-D21 from the nucleo-cytoplasm to endosomes. In summary, we demonstrate that ZmVPS23L and ZmVPS23 are negative regulators of Rp1-D21-mediated HR, likely by sequestrating Rp1-D21 in endosomes via physical interaction. Our findings reveal the role of ESCRT components in controlling plant NLR-mediated defense responses.
Phosphorylation and ubiquitination of OsWRKY31 are integral to OsMKK10-2-mediated defense responses in rice
Authors: Wang Shuai , Han Shuying , Zhou Xiangui , Zhao Changjiang , Guo Lina , Zhang Junqi , Liu Fei , Huo Qixin , Zhao Wensheng , Guo Zejian , Chen Xujun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) cascades play vital roles in plant innate immunity, growth, and development. Here, we report that the rice (Oryza sativa) transcription factor gene OsWRKY31 is a key component in a MPK signaling pathway involved in plant disease resistance in rice. We found that the activation of OsMKK10-2 enhances resistance against the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and suppresses growth through an increase in jasmonic acid and salicylic acid accumulation and a decrease of indole-3-acetic acid levels. Knockout of OsWRKY31 compromises the defense responses mediated by OsMKK10-2. OsMKK10-2 and OsWRKY31 physically interact, and OsWRKY31 is phosphorylated by OsMPK3, OsMPK4, and OsMPK6. Phosphomimetic OsWRKY31 has elevated DNA-binding activity and confers enhanced resistance to M. oryzae. In addition, OsWRKY31 stability is regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitination via RING-finger E3 ubiquitin ligases interacting with WRKY 1 (OsREIW1). Taken together, our findings indicate that modification of OsWRKY31 by phosphorylation and ubiquitination functions in the OsMKK10-2-mediated defense signaling pathway.
Taking Cover: Human Capital Accumulation in the Presence of Shocks and Health Insurance
Authors: Font-Gilabert Paulino 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Using the expansion of a large-scale health-insurance program in Mexico and variation in local rainfall levels, this study explores whether the program-induced increase in healthcare coverage protected the cognitive attainment of primary school children in the event of adverse rainfall shocks. Results show that the universalization of healthcare mitigated the negative effect of atypical rainfall on test scores, particularly in more marginalized and rural areas. An analysis of the mechanisms at play shows a reduced incidence of sickness among children, lower demand for their time, and higher stability in household consumption among program-eligible families exposed to rainfall shocks.