bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure andin vitrodigestion characteristics of skim goat milk protein during processing: effects of fat separation
Authors: Bao Miaomiao , Jia Xuyu , Cheng Yujia , Zheng Jiaqi , Liu Zhendong , Lü Xin , Shan Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough nonfat milk has been used worldwide in the industrial dairy process, little is known about the effects of fat separation during the manufacturing process on skim milk's structural and digestive properties. This study investigated the effects of the manufacturing process on the structure andin vitrodigestion properties of skim goat milk, particularly emphasizing fat separation.RESULTSChanges in the surface charge and hydrophobicity of milk proteins caused by fat separation resulted in oxidation and aggregation in the subsequent homogenization, heat and spray‐drying processing, which affected its digestibility. Compared with separation by dish separator (DS), skim milk after tubular centrifugal separation (CS) showed a higher initial and final digestibility. The CS samples also had a lower surface hydrophobicity level and higher free sulfhydryl content,ζ‐potential, and average particle size (P < 0.05). Goat milk protein after CS was more readily oxidized and aggregated during the subsequent homogenization and heat treatment, as evidenced by the higher carbonyl content and particle size. Centrifugal separation also converted moreβ‐sheets toα‐helices, thus promoting the aggregation of oxidized skim milk protein.CONCLUSIONThe skim milk after CS and DS demonstrated different structural and digestive properties. Skim goat milk products after CS were more susceptible to oxidant‐induced protein structural changes, resulting in higher protein digestibility. These findings provide insights into the mechanism involved in the control of gastric digestion of skim milk during manufacturing process. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Dietary components regulate chronic diseases through gut microbiota: a review
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhou Ming , Zhou Yaqin , Guan Xiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, gut microbiota as an immune organ has gradually become the mainstream of research. When the composition of the gut microbiota is changed significantly, this may affect human health. This review details the major microbiota composition and metabolites in the gut and discusses chronic diseases based on gut dysbiosis, including obesity, liver injury, colon cancer, atherosclerosis, and central nervous system diseases. We comprehensively summarize the changes in abundance of relevant gut microbiota by ingesting different diet components (such as food additives, dietary polyphenols, polysaccharides, fats, proteins) and their influence on the microbial quorum sensing system, thereby regulating related diseases. We believe that quorum sensing can be used as a new entry point to explain the mechanism of ingesting dietary components to improve gut microbiota and thereby regulate related diseases. This review hopes to provide a theoretical basis for future research on improving disease symptoms by ingesting functional foods containing dietary components. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
What to communicate in retraction notices?
Authors: Xu Shaoxiong Brian , Hu Guangwei 
Published: May 2023

Key points
Retraction notices are widely criticized for pervasive opacity and uninformativeness.
Retraction notices as a high‐stakes academic genre serve three communicative purposes, namely correcting the literature, deterring potential offence, and repairing the tarnished image.
A comprehensive content inventory of retraction notices is developed, drawing on de jure and de facto retraction notice contents.
Five criteria for disclosing information in retraction notices are proposed.
Retraction notices following the content inventory and the disclosure criteria can maximize their transparency.
Pharmacological inhibition of LSD1 suppresses growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing GADD45B
Authors: Sang Na , Zhong Xi , Gou Kun , Liu Huan , Xu Jing , Zhou Yang , Zhou Xia , Liu Yuanzhi , Chen Zhiqian , Zhou Yue , Li Yan , Tao Lei , Su Na , Zhou Lingyun , Qiu Jiahao , Yang Xinyu , Zuo Zeping , Fu Li , Zhang Jingyao , Li Dan , Li Cong , Sun Qingxiang , Lei Jian , Li Rui , Yang Shengyong , Cen Xiaobo , Zhao Yinglan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLysine‐specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) is an attractive target for malignancies therapy. Nevertheless, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the potential of its inhibitor in HCC therapy remains unclear. Here, we show that LSD1 overexpression in human HCC tissues is associated with HCC progression and poor patient survival. ZY0511, a highly selective and potent inhibitor of LSD1, suppressed human HCC cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in cell‐derived and patient‐derived HCC xenograft models in vivo. Mechanistically, ZY0511 induced mRNA expression of growth arrest and DNA damage‐inducible gene 45beta (GADD45B) by inducing histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation at the promoter of GADD45B, a novel target gene of LSD1. In human HCC tissues, LSD1 level was correlated with a decreased level of GADD45B, which was associated with HCC progression and predicted poor patient survival. Moreover, co‐administration of ZY0511 and DTP3, which specifically enhanced the pro‐apoptotic effect of GADD45B, effectively inhibited HCC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study revealed the potential value of LSD1 as a promising target of HCC therapy. ZY0511 is a promising candidate for HCC therapy through upregulating GADD45B, thereby providing a novel combinatorial strategy for treating HCC.
The Pain in Dystonia Scale (PIDS)—Development and Validation in Cervical Dystonia
Authors: Bruno Veronica , Achen Beatrice , Morgante Francesca , Erro Roberto , Fox Susan H. , Edwards Mark J. , Schrag Anette , Stamelou Maria , Appel‐Cresswell Silke , Defazio Giovanni , Chaudhuri K. Ray , Pirio Richardson Sarah , Jinnah Hyder A. , Martino Davide 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundA better understanding of pain in adult‐onset idiopathic dystonia (AOID) is needed to implement effective therapeutic strategies.ObjectiveTo develop a new rating instrument for pain in AOID and validate it in cervical dystonia (CD).MethodsDevelopment and validation of the Pain in Dystonia Scale (PIDS) comprised three phases. In phase 1, international experts and participants with AOID generated and evaluated the preliminary items for content validity. In phase 2, the PIDS was drafted and revised by the experts, followed by cognitive interviews to ensure self‐administration suitability. In phase 3, the PIDS psychometric properties were assessed in 85 participants with CD and retested in 40 participants.ResultsThe final version of PIDS evaluates pain severity (by body‐part), functional impact, and external modulating factors. Test–retest reliability showed a high‐correlation coefficient for the total score (0.9,P < 0.001), and intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.7 or higher for all items in all body‐parts subscores. The overall PIDS severity score showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α, 0.9). Convergent validity analysis revealed a strong correlation between the PIDS severity score and the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale pain subscale (0.8,P < 0.001) and the Brief Pain Inventory‐short form items related to pain at time of the assessment (0.7,P < 0.001) and impact of pain on daily functioning (0.7,P < 0.001).ConclusionThe PIDS is the first specific questionnaire developed to evaluate pain in all patients with AOID, here, demonstrating high‐level psychometric properties in people with CD. Future work will validate PIDS in other forms of AOID. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Secondary radiation dose modeling in passive scattering and pencil beam scanning very high energy electron (VHEE) radiation therapy
Authors: Deut Umberto , Ronga Maria Grazia , Bonfrate Anthony , De Marzi Ludovic 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundElectrons with kinetic energy up to a few hundred MeV, also called very high energy electrons (VHEE), are currently considered a promising technique for the future of radiation therapy (RT) and in particular ultra‐high dose rate (UHDR) therapy. However, the feasibility of a clinical application is still being debated and VHEE therapy remains an active area of research for which the optimal conformal technique is also yet to be determined.PurposeIn this work, we will apply two existing formalisms based on analytical Gaussian multiple‐Coulomb scattering theory and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to study and compare the electron and bremsstrahlung photon dose distributions arising from two beam delivery systems (passive scattering with or without a collimator or active scanning).MethodsWe therefore tested the application of analytical and MC models to VHEE beams and assessed their performance and parameterization in the energy range of 6–200 MeV. The optimized electron beam fluence, the bremsstrahlung, an estimation of central‐axis and off‐axis x‐ray dose at the practical range and neutron contributions to the total dose, along with an extended parameterization for the photon dose model were developed, together with a comparison between double scattering (DS) and pencil beam scanning (PBS) techniques. MC simulations were performed with the TOPAS/Geant4 toolkit to verify the dose distributions predicted by the analytical calculations.ResultsThe results for the clinical energy range (between 6 and 20 MeV) as well as for higher energies (VHEE range between 20 and 200 MeV) and for two treatment field sizes (5 × 5 and 10 × 10 cm2) are reported, showing a reasonable agreement with MC simulations with mean differences below 2.1%. The relative contributions of photons generated in the medium or by the scattering system along the central‐axis (up to 50% of the total dose) are also illustrated, along with their relative variations with electron energy.ConclusionsThe fast analytical models parametrized in this study allow an estimation of the amount of photons produced behind the practical range by a DS system with an accuracy lower than 3%, providing important information for the eventual design of a VHEE system. The results of this work could support future research on VHEE radiotherapy.
Uncertainty propagation, entropy, and relative entropy in the homogenization of some particulate composites
Authors: Kamiński Marcin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe main idea of this work is an application of probabilistic entropy and also relative entropy in the numerical analysis of uncertainty propagation in the homogenization of some composite materials. The homogenization method is based on the determination of deformation energy for the representative volume elements computed with the use of some specific finite element method experiments. Uncertainty propagation concerns material and geometrical design parameters of particulate composites and is performed thanks to an application of polynomial responses; probabilistic moments of the effective tensor are computed via the iterative generalized stochastic perturbation technique and the semi‐analytical probabilistic method. Probabilistic entropy is determined according to Shannon theory, while relative entropies equations employed here follow mathematical models created by Kullback & Leibler, Jeffreys, Hellinger, and Bhattacharyya. Deterministic analyses have been performed with the use of the system ABAQUS, while all the remaining procedures have been programmed in the computer algebra system MAPLE.
An incremental bond‐based peridynamic method for elastoplastic problems
Authors: Guan Jinwei , Li Wanjin , Yan Xiaofeng , Guo Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fracture problem of elastoplastic materials is an insistent challenge. It is difficult to implement the fracture simulations of elastoplastic materials in peridynamics (PD), especially in the bond‐based peridynamic (BB–PD) framework. The core issue is how to introduce non‐linear constitutive relationships into BB–PD model. To address this issue, an incremental form of BB–PD model was originally proposed. In the proposed model, a rapid strain identification technique was established. Based on this technique, the constitutive relationship is related to the deformation and the incremental bond force equation is formulated in a unified form. In addition, a fracture criterion controlled by energy was derived to implement plastic fracture simulations. Several numerical examples, including five elastoplastic deformation analyses and three quasi‐static and dynamic fractures, were implemented to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model. The results show that the proposed model can accurately analyze the deformation of elastoplastic problems, especially plastic deformation. The numerical examples also demonstrate the fracture prediction capability of the proposed model.
The effect of multidimensions of trust and donors' motivation on donation attitudes and intention toward charitable organizations
Authors: Lee Ji Ye , Kim Sang Soo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined both donors' personal characteristics and the multidimensional attributes of charitable organizations to illuminate how donation intention is formed. The proposed research model was developed based on the theory of planned behavior, and a total of 291 responses were used for empirical analysis. It was found that both altruistic motivation and egoistic motivation have a positive effect on donors' attitudes toward donation. We further found that donation attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control all have a positive effect on donation intention. Moreover, the results showed three dimensions of trust in charitable organizations—perceived ability, perceived integrity, and perceived benevolence—positively influence donation attitudes and donation intention. This study's approach is significant because it considers both individual aspects and attributes of charitable organizations as factors leading to donation behavior. We believe that our findings are useful for developing effective fundraising strategies.
The effectiveness of exercise programs accessible from home on children's and adolescents' emotional well‐being: Systematic review & meta‐analysis
Authors: Yamaguchi Rio , Kawahara Takuya , Kotani Tokiko , Yazawa Rina , Suzuki Akane , Kano Yukiko , Ishii‐Takahashi Ayaka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe current systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to explore the evidence base to date for exercise interventions/interventions that aim to increase physical activity using a modality that can be accessed from home (i.e., online or video‐based programs), and its effects on anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.MethodsA broad search was conducted using six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsychINFO, ERIC and Scopus) on February 23, 2022. Studies with children or adolescents between the ages 5 and 18 years were included. Of the 2527 records that were identified, nine studies met the full‐inclusion criteria. Their quality was assessed by two independent researchers using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) and Quality Assessment Tool for Before‐After (Pre‐Post) Studies with No Control Group. Meta analyses were conducted for studies that specifically assessed anxiety and depression.ResultsThe overall results indicated that there is some evidence suggesting the positive effects of exercise interventions delivered online in reducing children's and adolescents' anxiety (d = −0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.12 to −0.86). Meanwhile, there seems to be insufficient evidence for its efficacy in reducing low mood (d = −0.42; 95% CI: −0.84 to 0.01). Motivational and coaching based interventions to increase levels of physical activity may be limited in their efficacy, whilst having children exercise along with a video or live sessions online appears promising.ConclusionThe current preliminary review revealed potential benefits of at‐home interventions that had children and adolescents exercise along with a video in improving anxiety.
Predictors of probable attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment visiting a memory clinic
Authors: Nagano Shiho , Kamimura Naoto , Sota Satoko , Takahashi Hidetoshi , Suganuma Narufumi , Kazui Hiroaki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimCharacteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that persist into old age are often confused with symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and the actual rate of probable ADHD in people with MCI is unknown. This study estimated the proportion of MCI patients with probable ADHD and investigated the factors to identify MCI patients with probable ADHD.MethodsWe recruited 36 elderly patients (11 males, 25 females, mean age 72.4 ± 7.6 years) who met the MCI criteria. The MCI patients were classified as those with [MCI/ADHD (+)] and without [MCI/ADHD (−)] probable ADHD, according to the Wender Utah Rating Scale scores. The autism features, inattention, and hyperactivity features during childhood and current periods, estimated intelligence quotient, and demographic data were compared between the groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors of MCI/ADHD (+) patients.ResultsNine (25.0%) and 27 patients were added into the MCI/ADHD (+) and MCI/ADHD (−) groups, respectively. The MCI/ADHD (+) group mostly comprised men, those who visited the clinic at a younger age, had more years of schooling, and had strong autism spectrum disorder tendencies. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated male sex and current hyperactivity as significant predictors of probable ADHD in MCI patients.ConclusionA quarter of the patients with MCI had probable ADHD. Male sex and hyperactivity at the time of MCI diagnosis might help in predicting probable ADHD in MCI patients. However, these results were obtained from a single‐center, small‐case study and should be confirmed via longitudinal studies with a large number of cases.
A feasibility assessment of real‐world data capabilities for monitoring vaccine safety and effectiveness in China: Human papillomavirus vaccination in the Yinzhou district as a use case
Authors: Welby Sarah , Feng Yang , Tang Haiwen , Ye Chiyu , Cohet Catherine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world data (RWD) are increasingly used to generate real‐world evidence (RWE) of vaccine safety and effectiveness for regulatory purposes. Assessing feasibility of using RWD sources prior to implementing observational studies is recommended. As a use case, we described the process and findings of a feasibility assessment to identify reliable and relevant data sources for monitoring the safety and effectiveness of the AS04‐HPV‐16/18 human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in China.MethodsIterative multi‐step process: (1) targeted literature review and data source mapping; (2) expert opinion from national RWD experts; (3) survey to evaluate the identified data source operational infrastructure; and (4) continuous appraisal of published studies using the identified data source.ResultsThe Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform (YRHIP) was identified as a data source of main interest, based on its large population coverage, high cervical cancer screening rates, and availability of adult electronic immunization records. Field meetings with national RWD experts confirmed its suitability for post‐authorization vaccine studies. Survey results showed that exposure data and relevant safety and effectiveness endpoints were recorded and linkable at the individual level across the platform. Iterative appraisal of emerging evidence from the literature corroborated these findings.ConclusionsThis feasibility assessment indicates that the YRHIP has the capacity to capture demographic, exposure, outcome and other data required to generate RWE on HPV vaccine safety and effectiveness in China. Studies using the YRHIP to monitor the AS04‐HPV‐16/18 vaccine in routine use building on this feasibility assessment are ongoing.
Highly conductive and broadband transparent Zr‐doped In2O3 as the front electrode for monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
Authors: Han Wei , Xu Qiaojing , Wang Jin , Liu Jingjing , Li Yuxiang , Huang Qian , Shi Biao , Xu Shengzhi , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerovskite/silicon tandem solar cells show great potential for commercialization because of their high power conversion efficiency (PCE). The optical loss originated from the transparent electrode is still a challenge to further improve the PCE of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Here, we developed zirconium‐doped indium oxide (IZrO), a material with low resistivity and high transmittance sputtered at room temperature. It possesses a high mobility of 29.6 cm2/(V·s), a low resistivity of 3.32 × 10−4 Ω·cm, and a low sheet resistance of 25.55 Ω·sq−1 as well as a high average transmittance of 81.55% in a broadband of 400–1200 nm. Moreover, the work function (WF = 4.33 eV) matches well with the energy level of Ag electrode and SnO2 buffer layer in the P‐I‐N type tandem device. Compared with the previous zinc‐doped indium oxide (IZO) transparent electrode device, the absolute efficiency of perovskite/silicon tandem devices based on IZrO electrode is about 0.6% higher. The champion P‐I‐N type perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells employing IZrO as the front conducts show efficiency of 28.28% (area of 0.5036 cm2).
Robust adaptive guaranteed cost tracking control for high‐order nonlinear systems with uncertainties based on high‐order fully actuated system approaches
Authors: Hu Liyao , Duan Guangren , Hou Mingzhe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the robust adaptive guaranteed cost tracking (RAGCT) control problems for two class of high‐order nonlinear systems with time‐varying uncertainties. A special nonlinear function, named as the local smooth nonlinear function, is introduced, which is crucial for our controller design. Then, using the function and the recently proposed high‐order fully actuated (HOFA) system approaches, a novel RAGCT controller for HOFA system with time‐varying uncertainty is designed, which guarantees the global boundedness of the closed‐loop system within finite time. Then, based on the result about the above HOFA system, the RAGCT controller for a class of strict‐feedback systems with high‐order form and time‐varying uncertainties is obtained, which also guarantees that the closed‐loop system is globally bounded within finite time. Most importantly, two designed controllers can preset arbitrarily the upper bounds of cost functions characterizing the tracking performance independent of the system initial values and the time‐varying uncertainties, which optimizes greatly the system tracking performance, and is difficult to achieve by using existing guaranteed cost control methods. Finally, two simulation examples including one‐link manipulator are provided to show the effect and the practicability of our proposed control method.