bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of different methods to determine the viability of dermatophytes in skin scrapings
Authors: Tandon Megha , Singh Sanjay , Tilak Ragini 
Published: April 2023

One of the most prevalent infectious dermatoses seen in dermatology outpatient clinics is superficial fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails. Filamentous fungi, dermatophytes, which invade and colonise the keratinised layers of the skin, are the main cause of skin fungal infection. Sometimes there is a discrepancy between the results of microscopy and culture for dermatophytes. If the microscopy of scrapings is positive due to presence of non-viable fungus, no growth will take place in culture. Culture is the method used to determine the presence of viable dermatophytes. However, the problem with culture is the long time, up to 4 weeks, that is required for the growth of fungus to take place. Aim of the present study is to develop a simple, rapid method(s) for identification of live dermatophytes in skin scrapings. The novel methods used for identification of live dermatophytes in skin scrapings were direct microscopic examination using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain, trypan blue stain, neutral red stain, and methylene blue stain; and their results were compared with culture on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM). Out of a total 91 samples, fungi were isolated in 81 (89%) in SDA and 66 (72.5%) in DTM. Sixty-eight (74.7%) showed evidence of viable fungi on microscopic examination after staining with PAS and 77 (84.6%) with trypan blue. In 84 patients, the culture was positive either by SDA or DTM or both culture media, out of which 64 (76.2%) were detected viable on staining with PAS and 74 (88.1%) on staining with trypan blue. Three skin samples that failed to grow on both SDA and DTM demonstrated viable fungi on microscopic examination after staining with PAS. Four skin samples that failed to grow on both SDA and DTM demonstrated viable fungi on microscopic examination after staining with trypan blue. Taking culture positivity in SDA or DTM or both media, as the gold standard, the sensitivity of trypan blue stain was 88.1% and specificity was 57.1%. The sensitivity of PAS stain was 76.2% and specificity was 42.9%. Although culture remains the gold standard to identify viable dermatophytes; trypan blue and PAS stains, as described, may be used as simple and rapid alternatives to culture.
Mysterious mycetoma foot – A case series
Authors: Priyanka A Nivedha 
Published: April 2023

Mycetoma or Madura foot is an unique tropical disease affecting skin, subcutaneous tissue,and bones commonly the foot, characterized by triad of localized swelling, multiple sinus tracts and discharge of grains or granules. The causative microorganism enters the skin through minor abrasions caused by trivial injuries. Mycetoma classified into eumycetoma caused by fungus such as Madurella mycetomatis etc, and actinomycetoma caused by bacteria such as Actinomadura madurae etc. Approximately 75% of mycetoma cases are actinomycetoma in India. Usually Actinomycetoma responds well to antibacterial therapy whereas eumycetoma poorly responds to antifungal therapy with frequent recurrences. Three cases of actinomycetoma foot were reported at Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital. These cases were males of low socioeconomic status, residing at villages (rural areas) around Chidambaram town and farmers by occupation. These cases were provisionally diagnosed as actinomycetoma foot clinically and with laboratory investigation such as KOH, Gram stain. Confirmation was done by Fungal culture and Biopsy. No bony involvement was confirmed by radiologically. These three cases were treated with Welsch regimen of 3 cycles of injection amikacin IV for 21 days thrice at the interval of 15 days combined with oral Cotrimaxole for 6 months showed satisfying response. Out of three cases one case showed recurrence due to irregular treatment undergone by the patient. The recurrence was confirmed by repeat biopsy which showed the evidence of sinus tracts lined by inflammatory vascular granulation tissue. This case was presented mainly to establish the prolonged disease course and often diagnosed at the later stage.Therefore the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges along with epidemiological data emphasis the need to pay more attention to this unique neglected tropical disease.
Bakara Sûresi 284. Âyette Geçen Râ Harfinin Lâm Harfine İdgamı Konusundaki Kıraat Tartışmaları
Authors: YÜKSEL Yakup 
Published: April 2023

Biz bu makalemizde genelde kıraat olgusu etrafında yapılan tartışmalardan ziyade başlıkta da belirttiğimiz gibi Bakara sûresi iki yüz seksen dördüncü âyeti ilgili tefsirlerde yer verilen tartışmaları kıraat açısından ele alıp bir değerlendirme yapacağız. Bu âyeti seçmemizin özel nedeni sâkin râ harfini lâm harfine idgam yaparak okuyan kıraat âlimlerinin, Kur’an sûrelerinin resmi sıralamasına göre karşılaştıkları ilk örnek olmasından dolayıdır. Her ne kadar çalışmamız bir âyet üzerinde odaklanmış olsa da bununla kıraat tartışmalarının temelinde yatan nedenleri bulmak ve kıraatin oluşmasına zemin hazırlayan etkenin ne olabileceği olgusuna bir katkı sağlayabilmektir.
Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Program Pelatihan di UPT Balai Latihan Kerja Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Purwaningtyas Gita Dewi , Helpiastuti Selfi Budi , Rohman Hermanto 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the effectiveness of management of technical education and training for state civil servants in Situbondo Regency. Considering that the state civil servants is a public servant whose duty is to serve the entire community, they are required to always develop their competence through the management of technical education and training. Employment agency and human resources development as the organizer of technical education and training has held various kinds of technical education and training, one of which is the management of technical education and training of goods management. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The focus of the research is the effectiveness of the management of technical education and training for the state civil servants based on four stages of Kirckpatrick consisting of reactions, learning, behavior, and results. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation, while the data sources used are the main data sources and additional data sources. The results showed that the management of technical education and training conducted by employment agency and human resources development was effective. This is known through 4 stages of Kirckpatrick which received positive responses from education and training participants and teaching staff.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Technical Training, State Civil Servants
The Effect of E-commerce on People's Buying Interest in Traditional Markets
Authors: Nurazila  , Hendarsyah Decky , Eryana  
Published: April 2023

Background: Traditional markets are essential to many people for shopping and fulfilling their daily needs is necessary to study people’s purchase behavior, especially regarding purchase interest, in an era of increasingly advanced technological developments including e-commerce.
Objective: This study aims to show the effect of e-commerce on people’s purchase interest in traditional markets.
Method: This type of study is descriptive and quantitative, with primary and secondary data sources. The primary data is taken from questionnaires and interviews, while the secondary data is taken from some literatures. The population of the study is the people of Bengkalis Regency, Riau Indonesia in amount of 564,689 people in total. This study used random sampling. The sample measurement technique uses the Slovin approach and obtained a total of 400 respondent and for the data analysis, this study used simple linear regression.
Results: The results of the study show that e-commerce positively and significantly affects people’s purchase interest in traditional markets.
Conclusion: E-commerce positively and significantly affects the purchase interest of the Bengkalis people in traditional markets as much as 66.1% and the rest 33.9% is affected by other factors. Nevertheless, most people only use e-commerce as a catalogue to gain new information about a product, their purchase interest remains mostly buying the product in traditional markets. This study will theoretically enrich the previous existing theories and practically becomes a reference for business-persons to increase people’s purchase interest.
Keywords: purchase interest; buying interest; purchase intention; e-commerce; traditional market
CERRAHİ TİPİ DERLENME KALİTESİ SKORUNU ETKİLİYOR MU?
Authors: BEKTAŞ Meltem 
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Cerrahi sonrası derlenme hasta özellikleri, cerrahi işlem ve anestezi gibi çeşitli faktörlerden etkilenen karmaşık bir durumdur. Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) anketi anestezi ve cerrahi sonrası derlenme kalitesini ölçmede kullanılan ve hasta tarafından belirlenen sonuçları olan bir ankettir. Çalışmamızda elektif septorinoplasti veya orta kulak cerrahisi geçirecek hastalarda derlenme kalitesini değerlendirmede QoR-15 ölçeğinin etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya etik kurul izni ve hasta onamı alındıktan sonra, septorinoplasti ve orta kulak cerrahisi geçirecek hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, ASA skoru, eğitim durumu, cerrahi tipi, anestezi ve cerrahi süresi kaydedildi. Hastalardan operasyondan önce ve operasyondan 24 saat sonra iki kez Quality of Recovery-15 anketini doldurmaları istendi. Anket sonucu alınan puanlar mükemmel, iyi, orta ve kötü olarak sınıflandırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 51 septorinoplasti (Grup 1) ve 53 orta kulak cerrahisi geçirecek (Grup 2) toplam 104 hasta dahil edildi. Anestezi ve cerrahi süresi Grup 1’de, Grup 2’ye göre anlamlı uzun bulundu. Preoperatif dönemde değerlendirilen QoR-15 skoru ortalaması her iki grupta 135 puanın üzerinde ve mükemmel grubunda idi. Postoperatif QoR-15 skorları değerlendirildiğinde, Grup 1’de ortalama 122.2±16 ve Grup 2’de 136.4±11.8 olarak saptandı (p=0,0001). QoR-15 skorları grup içi karşılaştırıldığında, her iki grupta postoperatif dönemde preoperatif döneme göre anlamlı azalma olduğu bulundu (p
Association of Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels at Time of Injury with Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Surgically Treated Hip Fractures
Authors: Page Brian Joseph , Hughes Jessica Lahre , Walsh Jon Martin , Stimson Lauren Nicole , Hammonds Kendall Pye , Brennan Kindyle Losey , Stahl Daniel Lee , Brennan Michael Lee 
Published: April 2023

Background:
An elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level has been shown to be associated with mortality and cardiac events in cardiac surgery, but its utility in the prediction of morbidity and mortality in hip fracture surgery is unknown. The primary aim of this study was to determine if there is a difference in BNP level at the time of injury between patients who do and do not develop complications after hip fracture surgery. The secondary aim was to determine if there is a predictive relationship between complications associated with the initial BNP level and mortality.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of 455 hip fractures in patients ≥60 years old that were operatively treated between February 2014 and July 2018 was performed. Patients were included if they had a BNP level within 48 hours after injury (BNPi). Specific perioperative (≤7 days), 30-day, 1-year, and 2-year postoperative complications were recorded. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to determine if higher BNPi values were associated with greater morbidity. The complications associated with higher BNPi values were further analyzed to assess if they were predictive of mortality, using univariate and multivariable analyses.

Results:
Higher BNPi was significantly associated with greater morbidity at all postoperative time points and with higher mortality at 1 and 2 years postoperatively. Furthermore, several complications including cardiac failure or exacerbation and altered mental status were associated with mortality at all time points in univariate analysis and at many time points in multivariable analysis.

Conclusions:
Patients with higher BNPi levels were more likely to develop complications up to 1 year postoperatively, and several of these complications were associated with increased mortality. Future studies to determine if delaying surgery until BNP levels are normalized or lowered may help guide management, and may be useful in determining the need for further medical optimization. Future studies aimed at defining a threshold BNP value at the time of injury may also help in better managing patients preoperatively.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Clinical Research Nurse predictions of trial failure, recruitment and retention: A case for their early inclusion in trial design
Authors: Shiely Frances , Murphy Danielle 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical research nurses are a key part of the clinical trial team but typically get involved later in the trial, usually during recruitment. The purpose of our study was to establish if CRNs who read the trial protocol can predict the performance of the trial.
Methods
We randomly selected 18 trial protocols with three statuses, terminated, withdrawn, completed, from clinicaltrials.gov, between 2014 and 2018 inclusive. We gave the protocols to five clinical research nurses, asked them to make a judgement and provide a reason for that judgement (via a 12-item questionnaire) on the status of the trial (terminated, withdrawn or completed), if the trial met its recruitment target, if it recruited on time, if it retained its participants. We also asked if it was likely a CRN was involved in the design of the trial. The CRNs were blinded to the study outcomes, did not receive any training on how to read a protocol and undertook to not use the internet while completing the task.
Results
23 questionnaires on 23 trials protocols (18 different trials) were completed by 5 CRNs. The CRNs correctly predicted the trial status 52% (12/23) of the time, successful/unsuccessful recruitment 74% (17/23) of the time, on-time recruitment 70% (16/23) of the time, participant retention 43% (10/23). CRNs identified 100% (sensitivity) of sites that hit their target and 67% (specificity) of sites that missed their target.
Conclusions
CRNs are a vital part of the clinical trial team and we have made a strong case for engaging them early in the design phase of the trial, potentially offsetting problems of recruitment, retention and trial failure.
Contribution Quality Evaluation of Table Tennis Match by Using TOPSIS-RSR Method-------An Empirical Study
Authors: YIN Huagen , CHEN Xia , XU Jiali , Huang Duo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to evaluate the contribution quality of table tennis matches comprehensively and explore the ranking characteristics of evaluation results and the rationality of grading. Through the application of the documentation method, videos, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Rank Sum Ratio (RSR), the contribution quality evaluation index system of table tennis matches was established. After then, the technical and tactical performances of 38 matches between Harimoto Tomokazum, the critical table tennis player of the Japanese new generation, and vital worldwide players from 2018 to 2020 were comprehensively evaluated. According to research results, Harimoto had 8 matches with the Ci value > 0.5 in serve rounds, 4 with the Ci value > 0.5 in receive rounds, and 5 with the RSR value > 0.6 in the comprehensive strength. These findings were generally consistent with the final match results. Furthermore, Pearson Correlation showed that the three indicators were significantly correlated with competition performance (CP) (P＜0.01). Each race could be divided into four grades, and there was a very significant difference among them by variance test (F=60.281, P＜0.01). Meanwhile, SNK pairwise comparison between four grades had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Therefore, researchers could conclude that the combination of TOPSIS and RSR could objectively and accurately reflect the contribution quality of table tennis matches. This method could be promoted and applied in the competition performance evaluation of other net games.
Impact of Manual Toothbrush Design on Plaque Removal Efficacy
Authors: Axe Alyson , Mueller Wolf Dieter , Rafferty Helen , Lang Tomas , Gaengler Peter 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Effective dental plaque removal is essential for oral health. Different toothbrush parameters including head-size, filament-diameter and interdent-height and different brushing movements like horizontal, rotating and vertical may affect plaque removal efficacy. The purpose of the study was to examine plaque removal efficacy of different design parameters of manual toothbrushes.
Methods: Eight manual toothbrushes were tested using a validated robot test to examine efficacy of toothbrush on replicated human teeth. Characteristics tested were: i) head-size, ii) filament-diameter, iii) cutting-height, iv) hardness, v) interdental-height. Each test ran five times in horizontal, rotating, vertical movements. Simulated Plaque removal was evaluated using automated plaque planimetry: 30 fields/tooth, 13 areas representing buccal, lingual, proximal tooth sites. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test was applied to test tooth surface variables for normal distribution of plaque removal values. Parameters were analysed by independent two-sample t-test to assess mean differences. Where null hypothesis of normality was rejected, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-U-test was used.
Results: Plaque removal was significantly better with toothbrush having smaller head-size (compact vs. full-size); smaller filament-diameter (0.12 mm vs. 0.15 mm); larger cutting-height (12 mm vs. 9 mm); softer filaments (0.15 mm or 0.18 mm vs. 0.23 mm) and greater interdent-height difference (8.5/11 mm vs. 10/11 mm).
Conclusions: Manual brushes allowing filaments free to flex with longer, softer and/or having a difference in filament length overall removed significantly more simulated plaque as compared to more standard flat trim, stiff brushes with shorter, harder bristles and a larger head size. This indicates that the advances in toothbrush design can further enhance plaque removal, thereby aiding in better oral health.
Orbital perspective on high-harmonic generation from solids
Authors: Jimenez-Galan Alvaro , Bossaer Chandler , Ernotte Guilmot , Parks Andrew , Silva Rui Emanuel Ferreira da , Villeneuve David , Staudte André , Brabec Thomas , Luican-Mayer Adina , Vampa Giulio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
High-harmonic generation in solids allows probing and controlling electron dynamics in crystals on few femtosecond timescales, paving the way to lightwave electronics. In the spatial domain, recent advances in the real-space interpretation of high-harmonic emission in solids allows imaging the field-free, static, potential of the valence electrons with picometer resolution. The combination of such extreme spatial and temporal resolutions to measure and control strong-field dynamics in solids at the atomic scale is poised to unlock a new frontier of lightwave electronics. Here, we report a strong intensity-dependent anisotropy in the high-harmonic generation from ReS2 that we attribute to angle-dependent interference of currents from the different atoms in the unit cell. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the laser parameters control the relative contribution of these atoms to the high-harmonic emission. Our findings provide an unprecedented atomic perspective on strong-field dynamics in crystals and suggest that crystals with a large number of atoms in the unit cell are not necessarily more efficient harmonic emitters than those with fewer atoms.
Application of real-time tracking system based on cloud computing in logistics supply chain transportation model
Authors: Jianyuan Li , Mingwei Li , Guilin Han 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cloud computing technology meets the visual monitoring of logistics supply chain and realizes the whole process control of logistics management. When the location information of logistics vehicles and objects is known, in order to plan the most suitable vehicle scheduling route and realize the optimization objective of logistics transportation, we allocate resources to the goods in the logistics by using genetic algorithm, and calculates the individual fitness through the fitness function, so as to judge the individual's advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, the genetic algorithm model is mainly used to find the optimal solution in the process of data analysis. Also, in order to avoid the increase of operation time caused by too many iterations in the process of operation, this paper also analyzes the data by combining the related theories of quantum computing. The parallelism of the combined algorithm model is improved, the complexity of operation is reduced, and the operation speed can be improved. In order to further improve the accuracy of system identification, this paper also selects the hidden Markov model, predict and correct the data of logistics supply chain, which solves the problems of complicated operation caused by large data volume. After analyzing the basic requirements of logistics transportation, this paper designs a real-time logistics supply chain tracking model based on cloud computing technology, including order management, vehicle scheduling management, sorting management and other modules. After testing, the availability of the system under large operating pressure is determined, and the requirements for basic hardware are low.
Root growth, root senescence and root system architecture in maize under conservative strip tillage system
Authors: Sha Ye , Liu Zheng , Hao Zhanhong , Huang Yiwen , Feng Guozhong , Shao Hui , Chen Fanjun , Mi Guohua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims
A sound root system architecture (RSA) is important for efficient nutrient and water acquisition. The adaptation of root growth and RSA to the special soil structure under conservative strip tillage (ST) system is largely unknown.
Methods
We describe three-year field experimentation on a meadow black soil in the Northeast China to investigate the RSA and the dynamic root growth of maize under ST by comparison with the conventional tillage (CT).
Results
Grain yield in ST and CT were not significantly different, but their yield components differed. Compared to CT, grain number per ear was reduced by 4.4%, while 1000-grain weight was increased by 6.6% in ST. Root growth in ST plants was inhibited in the vegetative stage, as indicated by the reduced total root length (by 27.7-40.1%) compared to CT. During post-silking stage, however, the total root length was not different between ST and CT plants. Accordingly, the root xylem bleeding rate in ST plants was 70.7%-449.9% greater than CT plants. Because ST practice caused uneven horizontal distribution of soil bulk density, the RSA became steeper in ST plants compared to CT. Moreover, the D95 of ST plant roots was greater, indicating their roots grew deeper.
Conclusions
In conclusion, although root growth is inhibited at vegetative stage, the slow-aging and steep, deep roots in ST plants may contribute to larger grain weight by favoring water and nutrient acquisition during grain filling stage. As a result, grain yield of ST plants is maintained though grain number per ear is reduced.