bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Aspiration Increased by Post‐swallow Residue in Infant Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES)
Authors: Chang Julia , Okland Tyler , Johnson April , Speiser Noah , Seetharaman Aditya , Sidell Douglas 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the risk of aspiration associated with post‐swallow residue subsites in Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) in bottle‐fed infants <1 year of age.MethodsThis is a retrospective matched‐pairs cohort study at an academic tertiary children's hospital. FEES and Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study (VFSS) trials performed within the same infant <5 days apart were paired by matching bolus consistency and bottle flow rate. Positive aspiration was defined by the “or rule” in which aspiration is positive when either FEES or VFSS within a matched pair is positive.ResultsEighty‐seven FEES‐VFSS matched pairs from 29 patients (16 males; mean [SD] age, 2.9 [2.8] months) were included. The rate of positive aspiration, as defined by the “or rule”, was 59% (51/87). In FEES, post‐swallow pyriform sinus residue was present in 16% (14/87) and anterior commissure residue 27% (31/87). Risk of positive aspiration was increased by pyriform sinus residue (odds ratio [OR] 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9–19.3,p < 0.01) and anterior commissure residue in FEES (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1–6.1,p = 0.03). In the neonate subgroup, <1 month of age, multivariate‐adjusted analysis showed that anterior commissure residue had better diagnostic accuracy for aspiration than in older infants (overall 70% vs. 42%,p < 0.01; sensitivity 60% vs. 10%,p < 0.01), whereas pyriform sinus residue had worse accuracy (overall 41% vs. 70%,p = 0.02; sensitivity 13% vs. 43%,p = 0.02).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that pyriform sinus and anterior commissure residue during infant FEES were associated with fivefold and twofold increased risk of aspiration, respectively.Level of Evidence3. Using a retrospective matched‐pairs cohort, this study assesses the diagnostic accuracy of post‐swallow residue in FEES for predicting aspiration.Laryngoscope, 134:1431–1436, 2024
A low‐power voltage‐controlled oscillator with phase noise suppressing techniques
Authors: Hsieh Jian‐Yu , Shao Yi‐Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 0.5‐V low‐power VCO by using TSMC 0.18‐μm CMOS process has been proposed. For achieving low phase noise and low power consumption, several techniques have been utilized. The forward body biasing technique can lower the supply voltage and power consumption. The noise filtering, feedback capacitors, and switched biasing technique can reduce the phase noise and power consumption. The PMOS transistors, which has lower flicker noise than the NMOS transistors, are used for further lowering the phase noise. The body‐controlled cross‐coupled pair is proposed for choosing the oscillation frequencies without using additional varactors, which lower the oscillation signal loss and phase noise. The measured results show the phase noise at 1 MHz offset frequency from the carrier signal is −118.6 dBc/Hz with 1/f3 corner frequency of 230 kHz while the control voltage is 0 V. The frequency tuning range is from 2.4 to 2.46 GHz under power consumption from 0.5 to 0.8 mW. The figure of merit at 1 MHz offset frequency from the carrier signal is −189 dBc/Hz.
Towards a consensus for nurse education of methotrexate for people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: A scoping review
Authors: Marques Andréa , Matos Cristiano , Nikiphorou Elena , Livermore Polly , Ferreira Ricardo J. O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatient education (PE) is a key role of nurses, which includes providing information, training, and support about methotrexate (MTX), an anchor drug in rheumatology. However, there is a wide variation in the access to rheumatology nurse consultations in Europe, and there is a lack of consensus regarding the delivery, context and timing of PE in these cases. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing research on nurse education of MTX for children/youth and adults with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (RMDs).MethodsThis scoping review was conducted in accordance with Arksey and O’Malley's framework. A search on PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and Cochrane Database, and CINAHL, from inception until March 2022 was conducted. Articles on PE with a focus on MTX exclusively were included. Published and unpublished studies, from any world region, conducted with a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed‐methods design and focused on defined research questions, were eligible for inclusion. Broad inclusion criteria were used if a research paper on PE focused on MTX for people with RMDs (PE or patient engagement, self‐management, medication knowledge, or health literacy in patients). The reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses ‐ Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) checklist. Two independent reviewers performed standardized data extraction and synthesis.ResultsFrom 292 references identified, the total number of studies which met the inclusion criteria was relatively small (n = 14). The results identified that knowledge of MTX improves when education by nurses is provided.ConclusionThis scoping review showed that there is no universal worldwide strategy for MTX education of children/youths and adults with RMDs. However, PE regarding MTX can be delivered in different forms, resulting in better satisfaction and adherence. More randomized controlled trials with powered samples are required.
Temporally complex inflammatory networks in an animal model reveal signatures for interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome phenotype
Authors: Shah Ashti M. , Vodovotz Yoram , Yoshimura Naoki , Chermansky Christopher J. , Fitzgerald Jocelyn , Tyagi Pradeep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectiveInterstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) presents with symptoms of debilitating bladder pain and is typically a diagnosis of exclusion. The cystoscopic detection of Hunner's lesions increases the likelihood of detecting tissue inflammation on bladder biopsy and increases the odds of therapeutic success with anti‐inflammatory drugs. However, the identification of this subgroup remains challenging with the current lack of surrogate biomarkers of IC/BPS. On the path towards identifying biomarkers of IC/BPS, we modeled the dynamic evolution of inflammation in an experimental IC/BPS rodent model using computational biological network analysis of inflammatory mediators (cytokines and chemokines) released into urine. The use of biological network analysis allows us to identify urinary proteins that could be drivers of inflammation and could therefore serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of IC/BPS.MethodsRats subjected to cyclophosphamide (CYP) injection (150 mg/kg) were used as an experimental model for acute IC/BPS (n = 8). Urine from each void was collected from the rats over a 12‐h period and was assayed for 13 inflammatory mediators using Luminex™. Time‐interval principal component analysis (TI‐PCA) and dynamic network analysis (DyNA), two biological network algorithms, were used to identify biomarkers of inflammation characteristic of IC/BPS over time.ResultsCompared to vehicle‐treated rats, nearly all inflammatory mediators were elevated significantly (p < 0.05) in the urine of CYP treated rats. TI‐PCA highlighted that GRO‐KC, IL‐5, IL‐18, and MCP‐1 account for the greatest variance in the inflammatory response. At early time points, DyNA indicated a positive correlation between IL‐4 and IL‐1β and between TNF‐α and IL‐1β. Analysis of TI‐PCA and DyNA at later time points showed the emergence of IL‐5, IL‐6, and IFNγ as additional key mediators of inflammation. Furthermore, DyNA network complexity rose and fell before peaking at 9.5 h following CYP treatment. This pattern of inflammation may mimic the fluctuating severity of inflammation associated with IC/BPS flares.ConclusionsComputational analysis of inflammation networks in experimental IC/BPS analysis expands on the previously accepted inflammatory signatures of IC by adding IL‐5, IL‐18, and MCP‐1 to the prior studies implicating IL‐6 and GRO as IC/BPS biomarkers. This analysis supports a complex evolution of inflammatory networks suggestive of the rise and fall of inflammation characteristic of IC/BPS flares.
Metabolic remission precedes possible weight regain after gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Rogova Oksana , Herzog Katharina , Al‐Majdoub Mahmoud , Miskelly Michael , Lindqvist Andreas , Bennet Louise , Hedenbro Jan L. , Wierup Nils , Spégel Peter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveSome patients regain weight to a variable extent from 1 year after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB), though rarely reaching preoperative values. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether, when, and to what extent metabolic remission occurs.MethodsFasting metabolite and lipid profiles were determined in blood plasma collected from a nonrandomized intervention study involving 148 patients before RYGB and at 2, 12, and 60 months post RYGB. Both short‐term and long‐term alterations in metabolism were assessed. Anthropometric and clinical variables were assessed at all study visits.ResultsThis study found that the vast majority of changes in metabolite levels occurred during the first 2 months post RYGB. Notably, thereafter the metabolome started to return toward the presurgical state. Consequently, a close‐to‐presurgical metabolome was observed at the time when patients reached their lowest weight and glucose level. Lipids with longer acyl chains and a higher degree of unsaturation were altered more dramatically compared with shorter and more saturated lipids, suggesting a systematic and reversible lipid remodeling.ConclusionsRemission of the metabolic state was observed prior to notable weight regain. Further and more long‐term studies are required to assess whether the extent of metabolic remission predicts future weight regain and glycemic deterioration.
Adoption and potential of agri‐environmental schemes in Europe: Cross‐regional evidence from interviews with farmers
Authors: Bartkowski Bartosz , Beckmann Michael , Bednář Marek , Biffi Sofia , Domingo‐Marimon Cristina , Mesaroš Minučer , Schüßler Charlotte , Šarapatka Bořivoj , Tarčak Sonja , Václavík Tomáš , Ziv Guy , Wittstock Felix 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn Europe and elsewhere, agri‐environmental schemes (AES) are designed to reduce agriculture's impacts on the environment. Designing effective schemes requires an understanding of the reasons that drive farmers' decisions whether to adopt AES.Currently, most insights come from individual case studies or structured surveys based on predefined questions. There is a paucity of studies that do not rely on rigid preconceptions about relevant behavioural factors while also offering a geographically and socio‐culturally broad perspective that can address the cultural and institutional context‐specificity of behavioural studies. Also, most studies focus on the adoption decision, while implementation decisions and their consequences for the ecological effectiveness of AES remain understudied.In this article, we present the results from semi‐structured farmer interviews conducted in five agricultural landscapes across Europe. The results are used to uncover reasons for AES adoption as well as the implications of AES implementation decisions for their ecological effectiveness.The main reason for AES adoption that was common across case study regions is the interplay of opportunity costs and payment levels, which has negative implications for the ecological effectiveness of AES as farmers prioritized marginal land or adopted non‐additional AES. Among reasons that vary across regions, tenure relations and the role of ecological reasoning stand out.We find that AES are unlikely to trigger broader shifts towards sustainable management but there is some potential for improvement, mainly by increasing the flexibility, spatial targeting and ecological ambition of the schemes.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Development of sustainable cellulose‐based composite of polypropylene reinforced by recycled microfibrillar poly (ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: Khamseh Mahdi , Maroufkhani Mahshid , Moghanlou Sajjad , Lotfi Alireza , Pourabbas Behzad , Razavi Aghjeh Mir Karim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSustainable composites based on blends from polypropylene (PP) and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (RPET) and wood flour (WF) were prepared under industry‐relevant conditions by melt extrusion, followed by continuous drawing through spinnerets. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐MA) was employed to improve the compatibility between matrix and WF. The effects of incorporation of WF and RPET microstructure on the morphological features, rheological measurements, and mechanical properties were investigated. The drawing process converted elliptical RPET phase into highly oriented microfibrillar structure, as characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The highly oriented blend (HOB) represented nonterminal behavior due to the presence of physical networks and enhanced surface area of microfibers for chemical interactions. The tensile strength of neat PP increased by the addition of WF and the existence of microfibrillar RPET phase, whereas the microstructure of RPET had more pronounce effect. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of PP reinforced by WF and oriented RPET improved by 65% and 92%, respectively, demonstrating the high potential of this environmental‐friendly reinforcement method to intensify the mechanical properties of PP.
Free vibration of co‐curing damping sandwich composites with different lay‐up angles
Authors: Zheng Changsheng , Zhou Yunfa , Su Jianmin , Sun Pingping , Wang Yanqin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, the dynamic characteristics of Co‐curing Damping Sandwich Composites with Different Lay‐up Angles (CDSCDLA) are studied by means of modal analysis and numerical simulation to optimize the structure of co‐curing composites. The vibration equilibrium equation of CDSCDLA is derived according to first order shear deformation theory and Hamilton equation. The dynamic model of the structure is established by finite element simulation to verify the accuracy of the theoretical calculation. The influence of different lay‐up angle and the damping film thickness on the free vibration of CDSCDLA is explored under the condition of constant skin thickness. The theoretical derivation and finite element simulation results reveals that the overall dynamic characteristic of damping sandwich composite with a lay‐up angle of 45° is optimal when the damping film thickness is constant. In particular, when the thickness of the damping film is 0.1 mm, the first‐order mode damping and mode frequency of composite plate with a lay‐up angle of 45° reach the maximum value of 0.1495 and 747.9 Hz, respectively. The first order damping loss factor of the CDSCDLA with different layup angles is maximum when the damping film thickness is 0.3 mm. However, blindly increasing the damping layer thickness can not always improve the damping performance of the composite structure, but will greatly reduce the stiffness of the composite. The work provides a reference for dynamic performance optimization and structural design of sandwich plate with high strength and large damping loss factor.Highlights
Free vibration of sandwich composites with lay‐up angles is investigated.
The dynamic analytical model of the structure is established.
The validity of the derived theory is verified by numerical simulation.
Essential plant nutrients impair post‐germination development of Striga in sorghum
Authors: Mwangangi Immaculate M. , Büchi Lucie , Runo Steven , Rodenburg Jonne 
Published: August 2023

Societal Impact StatementInfestation by the parasitic weed Striga is a major cause of cereal crop production losses on smallholder farms in Africa. Essential plant nutrients play an important indirect role in parasite seed germination, the first prerequisite for successful parasitism. Here, we demonstrate that increasing the nutrient availability for the host plant can also impede Striga development beyond its germination, independent of the resistance levels of the sorghum host. This insight provides additional support for crop protection recommendations to Striga‐affected farmers. Growing a resistant crop variety combined with adequate levels of fertilisers should be the backbone of defence against this parasitic weed.Summary

Striga hermonthica is a widespread parasitic weed in sub‐Saharan Africa and an important biotic constraint to sorghum production. Resistant varieties and fertilisers are crucial components of integrated Striga management. N and P fertilisers reduce the production of host‐plant strigolactones, known as Striga germination stimulants, and thereby reduce infection. Whether essential plant nutrients affect the parasite–host interaction beyond Striga germination is unknown.
We conducted mini‐rhizotron assays to investigate the effects of macronutrient and micronutrient availability on post‐germination Striga development. Four sorghum genotypes (Framida, IS10978, N13, IS9830) covering the complete array of known mechanisms of post‐attachment resistance were compared with susceptible genotype Ochuti. Plants were infected with pre‐germinated Striga seeds and subjected to four nutrient treatment levels: (1) 25% of the optimal concentration of Long Ashton solution for cereals; (2) 25% macronutrient and optimal micronutrient concentration; (3) optimal macronutrient and 25% micronutrient concentration; and (4) optimal macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations.
Compared with the 25% base nutrient level, treatments supplemented with macronutrients reduced the number of viable vascular connections established by pre‐germinated Striga seedlings as well as the total parasite biomass on the sorghum root system. Macronutrient treatment effects were observed across sorghum genotypes, independent of the presence and type of post‐attachment resistance, but appeared to specifically improve mechanical resistance, hypersensitive and incompatibility responses before Striga reaches the host‐root xylem.
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that nutrient availability drives Striga parasitism beyond the germination stages. Increased availability of nutrients, in particular macronutrients, enhances host‐plant resistance in post‐attachment stages, reinforcing the importance of current fertiliser recommendations.
Towards increased shading capacity: A combined phenotypic and genetic analysis of rice shoot architecture
Authors: Huber Martina , Julkowska Magdalena M. , Snoek L. Basten , van Veen Hans , Toulotte Justine , Kumar Virender , Kajala Kaisa , Sasidharan Rashmi , Pierik Ronald 
Published: August 2023

Societal Impact StatementRice farming is transitioning from transplanting rice seedlings towards the less labour‐intensive and less water‐demanding method of directly seeding rice. This, however, is accompanied by increased weed proliferation. To tackle this issue, this study seeks to identify how the crop itself can better suppress weeds, with a focus on light competition via shading. Using a rice diversity panel, traits were identified that contribute to enhanced shading capacity, and these traits were encapsulated into a single shading capacity metric. This was followed by the identification of the genetic loci underpinning variation in the core traits. The identified haplotypes can be used in breeding programmes to improve weed suppression by rice, thus contributing to sustainable agriculture.Summary

In modern rice farming, one of the major constraints is weed proliferation and the entailed ecological impact of herbicide application. This requires increased weed competitiveness in current rice varieties, achieved via enhanced shade casting to limit the growth of shade‐sensitive weeds.
To identify traits that increase rice shading capacity, we exhaustively phenotyped a rice diversity panel of 344 varieties at an early vegetative stage. A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) revealed genetic loci underlying variation in canopy architecture traits linked with shading capacity.
The screen shows considerable natural variation in shoot architecture for 13 examined traits, of which shading potential is mostly determined by projected shoot area, number of leaves, culm height and canopy solidity. The shading rank, a metric based on these core traits, identifies varieties with the highest shading potential. Five genetic loci were found to be associated with canopy architecture, shading potential and early vigour.
Identification of traits contributing to shading capacity and underlying allelic variation will serve future genomic‐assisted breeding programmes. Implementing the presented genetic resources for increased shading and weed competitiveness in rice breeding will make its farming less dependent on herbicides and contribute towards more environmentally sustainable agriculture.
Atomic Precise Gold Nanoclusters: Toward the Customize Synthesis, Precision Medicine
Authors: Liu Haile , Wang Lihui , Xue Zhonghua , Zhang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the advantages of controllable atomic composition, unique molecular‐like properties, and excellent biocompatibility, atomic precision Au cluster is an ideal candidate for developing materials with customized biological functions to meet the needs of precision medicine. To achieve the rational design of functional materials through structural regulation at the atomic level, it is important to clarify the relationship between the structure and properties of Au clusters. With the development of synthesis methodology, a variety of structural regulation methods of Au clusters have been developed, providing new opportunities for structure–activity relationship establishment and precision medicine application. This review introduces the synthesis and structure regulation methods of atomic precision Au clusters, and the effects of structural regulation on the physicochemical properties are further described. At the same time, the applications of Au clusters in precision medicine, including the detection of biomolecules, functional imaging, and disease therapy are discussed, as well as the recent studies around their biosafety. At last, it also briefly summarizes the current problems and development directions. The present work provides potential theoretical guidance for the rational design of Au clusters with customized biological functions and is of great significance for broadening their applications in the field of precision medicine.
Empowering canonical biochemicals with cross‐linked novelty: Recursions in applications of protein cross‐links
Authors: Bora Jinam Ravindra , Mahalakshmi Radhakrishnan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiversity in the biochemical workhorses of the cell—that is, proteins—is achieved by the innumerable permutations offered primarily by the 20 canonical L‐amino acids prevalent in all biological systems. Yet, proteins are known to additionally undergo unusual modifications for specialized functions. Of the various post‐translational modifications known to occur in proteins, the recently identified non‐disulfide cross‐links are unique, residue‐specific covalent modifications that confer additional structural stability and unique functional characteristics to these biomolecules. We review an exclusive class of amino acid cross‐links encompassing aromatic and sulfur‐containing side chains, which not only confer superior biochemical characteristics to the protein but also possess additional spectroscopic features that can be exploited as novel chromophores. Studies of their in vivo reaction mechanism have facilitated their specialized in vitro applications in hydrogels and protein anchoring in monolayer chips. Furthering the discovery of unique canonical cross‐links through new chemical, structural, and bioinformatics tools will catalyze the development of protein‐specific hyperstable nanostructures, superfoods, and biotherapeutics.