bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized Linear Mixed Models for Repeated Measurements
Authors: Salinas Ruíz Josafhat , Montesinos López Osval Antonio , Hernández Ramírez Gabriela , Crossa Hiriart Jose 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRepeated measures data, also known as longitudinal data, are those derived from experiments in which observations are made on the same experimental units at various planned times. These experiments can be of the regression or analysis of variance (ANOVA) type, can contain two or more treatments, and are set up using familiar designs, such as CRD (Completely Randomized design), randomized complete block design (RCBD), or randomized incomplete blocks, if blocking is appropriate, or using row and column designs such as Latin squares when appropriate. Repeated measures designs are widely used in the biological sciences and are fairly well understood for normally distributed data but less so with binary, ordinal, count data, and so on. Nevertheless, recent developments in statistical computing methodology and software have greatly increased the number of tools available for analyzing categorical data.
Effects of Energy Price Shocks on Germany’s Economy and Private Households
Authors: Lutz Christian , Becker Lisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe massive rise in energy prices in the wake of the Ukraine crisis and the Western sanctions against Russia is putting a great strain on the economy and consumers. Germany is particularly dependent on Russian energy imports. With the desire to reduce dependence on Russian imports, the pressure for climate neutrality is intensifying. The reports of the IPCC recently show again the high pressure to act. The EU is aiming for climate neutrality by 2050, and Germany would like to reach the target by 2045.This chapter aims to examine the macroeconomic effects of the drastic price increase for energy sources in Germany. For this purpose, a scenario in which energy prices on the world market experience a significant shock is compared with a reference scenario until 2030. The scenarios are implemented in the economy–energy–environment model PANTA RHEI. The scenario comparison shows the different effects of energy price increase on important macroeconomic variables such as price level for consumers, GDP, and employment. Distributional effects across income classes are considered with particular attention to low-income households, which spend higher shares of their income for energy and cannot afford to pay for energy efficiency improvement. A brief comparison with other modelling studies shows that climate mitigation has a positive effect on the economy as a whole and can be an important lever for containing the losses caused by the current high energy prices.
Vulnerability to Motor Fuel Price Increases: Socio-Spatial Patterns in Italy
Authors: Mattioli Giulio , Dugato Marco , Philips Ian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnvironmental taxes and oil market fluctuations can increase road fuel prices significantly and are likely to play a big role in the future. This raises social justice issues, as some low-income households rely on cars for access to services and opportunities but struggle to afford related expenses. The impacts of fuel price increases are unevenly spatially distributed, as shown by transport, planning and urban research. We investigate spatial patterns of vulnerability to fuel price increases in Italy, a country where the problem is particularly pronounced due to high motorisation rate relative to income, and high fuel prices. We define vulnerability as the combination of high exposure (high car use), high sensitivity (low income) and low adaptive capacity (high car dependence). Based on municipality-level data on motorisation and the journey to work from the 2011 Italian Census and official income tax revenue data for 2012 (as a proxy for income) we derive a composite indicator of vulnerability. The results show: i) a co-location of low-income and high car use on the periphery of many Italian city regions; ii) stark interregional differences, with lower income levels in the South driving high levels of vulnerability, despite lower levels of car ownership and use.
Structural and stereochemical determinants for hGAT3 inhibition: development of novel conformationally constrained and substituted analogs of (S)-isoserine
Authors: Bavo F. , Kickinger S. , Lie M. E. K. , Avgerinos C. , Xu Y , Wilhelmsen K. S. , Wellendorph P. , Frølund B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe GABA transporter 3 (GAT3) is a member of the GABA transporter (GAT) family proposed to have a role in regulating tonic inhibition. The GAT3-preferring substrate (S)-isoserine has shown beneficial effects in a mouse model of stroke accompanied by an increased GAT3 expression, indicating a molecular mechanism mediated by GAT3. However, (S)-isoserine is not ideally suited for in vivo studies due to a lack of selectivity and brain permeability. To elucidate the structural determinants of (S)-isoserine for GAT3 inhibition, and to optimize and inform further ligand development, we here present the design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of conformationally constrained isoserine analogs with defined stereochemistry. Using [3H]GABA uptake assays at recombinant human GAT3, we identified the azetidine and pyrrolidine analogs (2S,2´S)-6 and (2S,2´S)-7 as the most potent inhibitors. To further elaborate on the selectivity profile both compounds were tested at all GATs, the taurine transporter (TauT) and GABAA receptors. Although (2S,2´S)-6 and (2S,2´S)-7 are comparable to (S)-isoserine with respect to potency, the selectivity vs. the taurine transporter was significantly improved (at least 6 and 53 times more activity at hGAT3, respectively). A subsequent comprehensive structure-activity study showed that different connectivity approaches, stereochemical variations, simple or larger α- and N-substituents, and even minor size enlargement of the heterocyclic ring all abrogated GAT3 inhibition, indicating very strict stereochemical and size requirements. The observed structure activity relationships may guide future ligand optimization and the novel ligands ((2S,2´S)-6 and (2S,2´S)-7) can serve as valuable tools to validate the proposed GAT3-mediated effect of (S)-isoserine such as in functional recovery after stroke and thus help corroborate the relevance of targeting GAT3 and tonic inhibition in relevant brain pathologies.
Optimal Temperature Distribution for a Nonisothermal Cahn–Hilliard System with Source Term
Authors: Colli Pierluigi , Gilardi Gianni , Signori Andrea , Sprekels Jürgen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this note, we study the optimal control of a nonisothermal phase field system of Cahn–Hilliard type that constitutes an extension of the classical Caginalp model for nonisothermal phase transitions with a conserved order parameter. The system couples a Cahn–Hilliard type equation with source term for the order parameter with the universal balance law of internal energy. In place of the standard Fourier form, the constitutive law of the heat flux is assumed in the form given by the theory developed by Green and Naghdi, which accounts for a possible thermal memory of the evolution. This has the consequence that the balance law of internal energy becomes a second-order in time equation for the thermal displacement or freezing index, that is, a primitive with respect to time of the temperature. Another particular feature of our system is the presence of the source term in the equation for the order parameter, which entails additional mathematical difficulties because the mass conservation of the order parameter, typical of the classic Cahn–Hilliard equation, is no longer satisfied. In this paper, we analyze the case that the double-well potential driving the evolution of the phase transition is differentiable, either (in the regular case) on the whole set of reals or (in the singular logarithmic case) on a finite open interval; nondifferentiable cases like the double obstacle potential are excluded from the analysis. We prove the Fréchet differentiability of the control-to-state operator between suitable Banach spaces for both the regular and the logarithmic cases and establish the solvability of the corresponding adjoint systems in order to derive the associated first-order necessary optimality conditions for the optimal control problem. Crucial for the whole analysis to work is the boundedness property stating that the order parameter attains its values in a compact subset of the interior of the effective domain of the nonlinearity. While this property turns out to be generally valid for regular potentials in three dimensions of space, it can be shown for the logarithmic case only in two dimensions.
Theoretical and Computational Analysis of the Thermal Quasi-Geostrophic Model
Authors: Crisan D. , Holm D. D. , Luesink E. , Mensah P. R. , Pan W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work involves theoretical and numerical analysis of the thermal quasi-geostrophic (TQG) model of submesoscale geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). Physically, the TQG model involves thermal geostrophic balance, in which the Rossby number, the Froude number and the stratification parameter are all of the same asymptotic order. The main analytical contribution of this paper is to construct local-in-time unique strong solutions for the TQG model. For this, we show that solutions of its regularised version $$\alpha $$
α
-TQG converge to solutions of TQG as its smoothing parameter $$\alpha \rightarrow 0$$

α
→
0

and we obtain blow-up criteria for the $$\alpha $$
α
-TQG model. The main contribution of the computational analysis is to verify the rate of convergence of $$\alpha $$
α
-TQG solutions to TQG solutions as $$\alpha \rightarrow 0$$

α
→
0

, for example, simulations in appropriate GFD regimes.
Incidence and survival of adenocarcinoma with mixed subtypes in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Fan , Xu Boqi , Peng Yao , Mao Zhongqi , Tong Shan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Limited attention was paid to adenocarcinoma with mixed subtypes (AM) of the colon and rectum due to its low incidence. This study aims to assess the frequency and survival rates of tumors in the population.

Methods
The data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2019. The incidence of tumors was evaluated based on patient gender, age, race, and location. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with tumor survival. Additionally, a nomogram was constructed using these risk factors to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) at 1, 2, and 3 years. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were applied to examine the model’s accuracy.

Results
The overall incidence of colorectal AM reached its highest level in 2016 (2.350 (95% CI: 2.241–2.462)). AM is more frequent in elderly patients and predominantly located in the rectum. By forest plot for multivariable Cox regression analysis, patient age, the number of regional positive lymph nodes and lymph nodes removed, tumor N/M stage, and postoperative chemotherapy were identified as independent risk indicators for CSS. Nomogram was constructed and validated as a feasible prediction model of CSS in patients with colorectal AM.

Conclusion
The presence of colorectal AM in elderly patients, particularly in the rectum, is frequent and often associated with poor prognosis. Our nomograms can offer a relatively accurate prediction of CSS of patients with AM after tumor resection.
Eu- or hypoglycemic ketosis and ketoacidosis in children: a review
Authors: Meoli Martina , Lava Sebastiano A. G. , Bronz Gabriel , Goeggel-Simonetti Barbara , Simonetti Giacomo D. , Alberti Ilaria , Agostoni Carlo , Bianchetti Mario G. , Scoglio Martin , Vismara Stefano A. , Milani Gregorio P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe last decade has been characterized by exciting findings on eu- or hypoglycemic ketosis and ketoacidosis. This review emphasizes the following five key points: 1. Since the traditional nitroprusside-glycine dipstick test for urinary ketones is often falsely negative, the blood determination of β-hydroxybutyrate, the predominant ketone body, is currently advised for a comprehensive assessment of ketone body status; 2. Fasting and infections predispose to relevant ketosis and ketoacidosis especially in newborns, infants, children 7 years or less of age, and pregnant, parturient, or lactating women; 3. Several forms of carbohydrate restriction (typically less than 20% of the daily caloric intake) are employed to induce ketosis. These ketogenic diets have achieved great interest as antiepileptic treatment, in the management of excessive body weight, diabetes mellitus, and in sport training; 4. Intermittent fasting is more and more popular because it might benefit against cardiovascular diseases, cancers, neurologic disorders, and aging; 5. Gliflozins, a new group of oral antidiabetics inhibiting the renal sodium-glucose transporter 2, are an emerging cause of eu- or hypoglycemic ketosis and ketoacidosis. In conclusion, the role of ketone bodies is increasingly recognized in several clinical conditions. In the context of acid–base balance evaluation, it is advisable to routinely integrate both the assessment of lactic acid and β-hydroxybutyrate.
Multi-mmlg: a novel framework of extracting multiple main melodies from MIDI files
Authors: Zhao Jing , Taniar David , Adhinugraha Kiki , Baskaran Vishnu Monn , Wong KokSheik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs an essential part of music, main melody is the cornerstone of music information retrieval. In the MIR’s sub-field of main melody extraction, the mainstream methods assume that the main melody is unique. However, the assumption cannot be established, especially for music with multiple main melodies such as symphony or music with many harmonies. Hence, the conventional methods ignore some main melodies in the music. To solve this problem, we propose a deep learning-based Multiple Main Melodies Generator (Multi-MMLG) framework that can automatically predict potential main melodies from a MIDI file. This framework consists of two stages: (1) main melody classification using a proposed MIDIXLNet model and (2) conditional prediction using a modified MuseBERT model. Experiment results suggest that the proposed MIDIXLNet model increases the accuracy of main melody classification from 89.62 to 97.37%. In addition, this model requires fewer parameters (71.8 million) than the previous state-of-art approaches. We also conduct ablation experiments on the Multi-MMLG framework. In the best-case scenario, predicting meaningful multiple main melodies for the music are achieved.
How can sleep disorders affect our reaction towards external stressors: a lesson from the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Castelletti Gloria , Misirocchi Francesco , Zilioli Alessandro , Salvatelli Marcello Luigi , Rausa Francesco , Pizzarotti Silvia , Zinno Lucia , Florindo Irene , Pedrazzi Giuseppe , Parrino Liborio , Mutti Carlotta 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 outbreak produced extensive psychological consequences, especially among vulnerable populations. Sleep was identified as one of the most common “indirect targets” of the pandemia, with up to 74.8% of patients surviving from COVID-19 complaining of new-onset sleep disorders. However, so far, the clinic-psychological impact of the outbreak in patients affected by pre-existing sleep disorders has not been examined in details.

Materials and methods
In the present study, we aim to assess the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak in a cohort of 190 adult patients affected by sleep disorders, compared to 265 age and sex-matched healthy sleepers. The assessment was implemented throughout the use of ad hoc anamnestic questions, exploration of dream content, and validated questionnaires, aiming to capture the broad range of the neuropsychological nuances of the COVID-19 impact.

Results
Subjects with pre-existent sleep disorders faced a more severe impact in terms of sleep quality and amount compared to healthy sleepers, presenting longer sleep latency, reduced sleep efficacy, and greater use of hypnotics and medications. On the other hand, healthy sleepers experienced deeper variation in sleeping habits, sleep duration, and greater impact on dream activity in terms of content, emotionality, and presence of recurrent dreams. Finally, in our sample, being female represents an important aggravating factor in the pandemic experience, both in terms of sleep deterioration and with respect to physical and mental health. For instance, females indeed presented the highest scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) both in cases and control groups (respectively 10 ± 3.8 vs 7.3 ± 3.9 in cases and 6.6 ± 3.6 vs 6.0 ± 3.4 in controls, p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion
Pre-existent sleep disorders and the female sex might represent risk factors increasing the clinic-psychological burden in dramatic scenarios, such as the COVID-19 pandemia, requiring dedicated attention from clinicians.
Hardness of candidate nomination
Authors: Cechlárová Katarína , Lesca Julien , Trellová Diana , Hančová Martina , Hanč Jozef 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider elections where the set of candidates is split into parties and each party can nominate just one candidate. We study the computational complexity of two problems. The Possible President problem asks whether a given party candidate can become the unique winner of the election for some nominations from other parties. The Necessary President is the problem to decide whether a given candidate will be the unique winner of the election for any possible nominations from other parties. We consider several different voting rules and show that for all of them the Possible President problem is NP-complete, even if the size of each party is at most two; for some voting rules we prove that the Necessary President is coNP-complete. Further, we formulate integer programs to solve the Possible President and Necessary President problems and test them on real and artificial data.
Stratiformator vulcanicus gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine member of the family Planctomycetaceae isolated from a red biofilm in the Tyrrhenian Sea close to the volcanic island Panarea
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Kallscheuer Nicolai , Jogler Mareike , Wiegand Sandra , Heuer Anja , Boedeker Christian , Rohde Manfred , Jogler Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA novel planctomycetal strain, designated Pan189T, was isolated from biofilm material sampled close to Panarea Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Cells of strain Pan189T are round grain rice-shaped, form pink colonies and display typical planctomycetal characteristics including asymmetric cell division through polar budding and presence of crateriform structures. Cells bear a stalk opposite to the division pole and fimbriae cover the cell surface. Strain Pan189T has a mesophilic (optimum at 24 °C) and neutrophilic (optimum at pH 7.5) growth profile, is aerobic and heterotrophic. Under laboratory-scale cultivation conditions, it reached a generation time of 102 h (µmax = 0.0068 h−1), which places the strain among the slowest growing members of the phylum Planctomycetota characterized so far. The genome size of the strain is with 5.23 Mb at the lower limit among the family Planctomycetaceae (5.1–8.9 Mb). Phylogenetically, the strain represents a novel genus and species in the family Planctomycetaceae, order Planctomycetales, class Planctomycetia. We propose the name Stratiformator vulcanicus gen. nov., sp. nov. for the novel taxon, that is represented by the type strain Pan189T (= DSM 101711 T = CECT 30699 T).
Studies on Vibrio campbellii as a newly emerging pathogen affecting cultured seabream (Sparus aurata) in Egypt
Authors: Aly Salah M. , Elatta Mohamed A. , ElBanna Noha I. , El-Shiekh Mustafa A. , Kelany Mahmoud S. , Fathi Mohamed , Mabrok Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAquaculture has become a crucial solution for addressing food scarcity worldwide, including Egypt. However, the intensification of aquaculture practices has led to water quality degradation and the emergence of new fish diseases, such as vibriosis. This study aimed to investigate the molecular typing, prevalence, pathogenicity, and environmental risk factors associated with Vibrio campbellii (V. campbellii) in cultured seabream. A total of 160 gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata (40 fish/season), along with 48 water samples (n = 12/season) were collected randomly and seasonally from private fish farms in the Suez Canal area over the course of a year for laboratory examinations. Clinical and postmortem inspections revealed characteristic signs and lesions similar to those observed in well-known vibrios infections. Bacteriological tests revealed the presence of V. campbellii strains in various internal organs. The isolated bacteria were identified morphologically, biochemically, and molecularly by targeting the 16S rRNA conserved gene. Histopathological examination was performed, providing insights into pathogen-induced tissue damage and septicemic disease progression. The prevalence of V. campbellii showed variable patterns across seasons, with higher proportions of cases in the summer. To examine the diagnostic performance of several water quality measures, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. The results showed various levels of predictive performance for the outcome variable V. campbellii, with ammonia serving as a significant predictor for the variable of interest. The challenge results indicated a 100% survival rate in the controls, whereas the challenged group exhibited a mortality number of 6.00 ± 0.58, resulting in a survival rate of 70.00 ± 2.89%. The current study emphasizes how crucial it is to take into account seasonal parameters to comprehend the prevalence and seriousness of vibriosis in mariculture. The findings add to a better understanding of the impact of water quality on fish disease emergence and can benefit the creation of appropriate management measures to ensure aquaculture populations’ health and well-being.