bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compounding deep sea physical impacts on marine microbial motility
Authors: Mullane Kelli K. , Nishiyama Masayoshi , Kurihara Tatsuo , Bartlett Douglas H. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionApproximately three-fourths of all pelagic marine prokaryotes live in the deep sea, an environment characterized by high hydrostatic pressure and, in most cases, low temperature. Labile organic matter is often scarce within these settings, providing a competitive advantage to motile cells that can access the nutrients within a greater seawater volume. Because many cells present at depth are shallow water-adapted microbes descending from more productive surface waters, deep-sea conditions could significantly reduce their motility and, consequently, their biogeochemical activities.MethodsIn this study, we address this possibility by examining the impact of deep-sea physical conditions on the motility of three representative marine microbes belonging to the cosmopolitan genera Halomonas, Alcanivorax, and Shewanella. Growth-dependent motility agar assays and growth-independent microscopy assays were employed at four pressures and two temperatures.ResultsAt pressures equivalent to bathyal and abyssal depths (10 – 50 Megapascals), decreases in temperature (30°C – 4°C or 23°C – 7°C depending on the assay) had a greater negative impact on motility than pressure. In addition, the high-pressure and low-temperature impacts were additive. Exposure to high pressure and/or low temperature had varying degrees of effect on flagellar function, depending on the strain and the magnitude of the applied stress. These ranged from short-term impacts that were quickly reversible to long-term impacts that were detrimental to the function of the flagellum, leading to complete loss of motility.DiscussionThese findings highlight the sensitivity of motility systems of piezosensitive mesophilic marine bacteria to the combined pressure/temperature conditions present in the deep sea, phenotypes that in situ are likely to manifest themselves in the modulation of diverse microbial activities.
Rare case of pulmonary fat embolism and acute respiratory distress syndrome after liposuction and fat grafting: a case report
Authors: Gai Xiaoyan , Sun Xiaoyan , Zhu Xiang , Zhou Qingtao , Sun Yongchang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPulmonary fat embolism usually occurs after fracture, yet rarely observed after liposuction and fat grafting.Case presentationWe describe a 19-year-old female patient who presented with acute respiratory failure and diffuse pulmonary opacities on chest radiographic image shortly after liposuction and fat grafting. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and lipid content in alveolar cells contribute to the diagnosis of the fat embolism syndrome. The patient was successfully treated with noninvasive mechanical ventilation and a short course of glucocorticoids.ConclusionsEarly recognition and appropriate treatment are very important to improve the outcome of pulmonary fat embolism. Considering that liposuction and fat grafting are increasingly common cosmetic surgeries, our aim is to raise awareness for this rare adverse event.
Hazara orthonairovirus nucleoprotein facilitates viral cell-to-cell spread by modulating tight junction protein, claudin-1
Authors: Ohta Keisuke , Saka Naoki , Fukasawa Masayoshi , Nishio Machiko 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTight junctions act as a barrier that prevents invasion of pathogens through epithelial cells. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between tight junctions and nairoviruses using Hazara orthonairovirus (HAZV) as a surrogate model for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.MethodsmRNA, total protein, and cell surface protein levels of tight junction proteins were examined by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot and flow cytometry, respectively. HAZV growth was measured by plaque assay. Immunofluorescence assay was used to examine viral cell-to-cell spread. The interaction between HAZV nucleoprotein and claudin-1 was analyzed by immunoprecipitation.ResultsHAZV infection induced mRNA of several tight junction proteins, especially claudin-1. HAZV infection also induced cell surface expression of claudin-1 protein. Claudin-1 overexpression inhibited the growth of HAZV by blocking its cell-to-cell spread. In contrast, HAZV nucleoprotein completely inhibited HAZV-induced cell surface expression of claudin-1, and this inhibition required interaction between HAZV nucleoprotein and claudin-1.ConclusionHAZV nucleoprotein was shown to bind to claudin-1 to negatively regulate its cell surface expression, and so can promote cell-to-cell spread of HAZV. This is the first presentation of a possible mechanism behind how nairoviruses counteract tight junction barrier function.
5-aminolevulinic acid, fluorescein sodium, and indocyanine green for glioma margin detection: analysis of operating wide-field and confocal microscopy in glioma models of various grades
Authors: Belykh Evgenii , Bardonova Liudmila , Abramov Irakliy , Byvaltsev Vadim A. , Kerymbayev Talgat , Yu Kwanha , Healey Debbie R. , Luna-Melendez Ernesto , Deneen Benjamin , Mehta Shwetal , Liu James K. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSurgical resection remains the first-line treatment for gliomas. Several fluorescent dyes are currently in use to augment intraoperative tumor visualization, but information on their comparative effectiveness is lacking. We performed systematic assessment of fluorescein sodium (FNa), 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)–induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence in various glioma models using advanced fluorescence imaging techniques.MethodsFour glioma models were used: GL261 (high-grade model), GB3 (low-grade model), and an in utero electroporation model with and without red fluorescence protein (IUE +RFP and IUE -RFP, respectively) (intermediate-to-low-grade model). Animals underwent 5-ALA, FNa, and ICG injections and craniectomy. Brain tissue samples underwent fluorescent imaging using a wide-field operative microscope and a benchtop confocal microscope and were submitted for histologic analysis.ResultsOur systematic analysis showed that wide-field imaging of highly malignant gliomas is equally efficient with 5-ALA, FNa, and ICG, although FNa is associated with more false-positive staining of the normal brain. In low-grade gliomas, wide-field imaging cannot detect ICG staining, can detect FNa in only 50% of specimens, and is not sensitive enough for PpIX detection. With confocal imaging of low-intermediate grade glioma models, PpIX outperformed FNa.DiscussionOverall, compared to wide-field imaging, confocal microscopy significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and was better at detecting low concentrations of PpIX and FNa, resulting in improved tumor delineation. Neither PpIX, FNa, nor ICG delineated all tumor boundaries in studied tumor models, which emphasizes the need for novel visualization technologies and molecular probes to guide glioma resection. Simultaneous administration of 5-ALA and FNa with use of cellular-resolution imaging modalities may provide additional information for margin detection and may facilitate maximal glioma resection.
Establishment and validation of a ferroptosis-related signature predicting prognosis and immunotherapy effect in colon cancer
Authors: Li Zhufeng , Yuan Fang , Liu Xin , Wei Jianming , Liu Tong , Li Weidong , Li Chuan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundFerroptosis, a novel form of regulating cell death, is related to various cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) on the occurrence and development of colon cancer (CC) needs to be further elucidated.MethodCC transcriptomic and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases. The FRGs were obtained from the FerrDb database. The consensus clustering was performed to identify the best clusters. Then, the entire cohort was randomly divided into the training and testing cohorts. Univariate Cox, LASSO regression and multivariate Cox analyses were used to construct a novel risk model in training cohort. The testing and the merged cohorts were performed to validate the model. Moreover, CIBERSORT algorithm analyze TIME between high- and low- risk groups. The immunotherapy effect was evaluated by analyzing the TIDE score and IPS between high- and low- risk groups. Lastly, RT-qPCR were performed to analyze the expression of the three prognostic genes, and the 2-years OS and DFS between the high- and low- risk groups of 43 clinical CC samples to further validate the value of the risk model.ResultsSLC2A3, CDKN2A, and FABP4 were identified to construct a prognostic signature. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that OS between the high- and low-risk groups were statistically significant (pmerged&lt;0.001, ptraining&lt;0.001, ptesting&lt;0.001). TIDE score and IPS were higher in the high-risk group (pTIDE&lt;0.005, pDysfunction&lt;0.005, pExclusion&lt;0.001, pmAb-CTLA-4 = 3e-08, pmAb-PD-1 = 4.1e-10). The clinical samples were divided into high- and low- risk groups according to the risk score. There was a statistical difference in DFS (p=0.0108).ConclusionThis study established a novel prognostic signature and provided more insight into the immunotherapy effect of CC.
Supervised interprofessional student pain clinic program - efficacy with the utilization of zoom
Authors: Dao Brandon , Cao Ling 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionCurrent medical education curricula in pain management are insufficient to match the prevalence of chronic pain and the needs of patient populations. The Supervised Student Inter-professional Pain Clinic Program (SSIPCP) aims to train healthcare professional students to improve their abilities in chronic pain management in interprofessional (IP) teams. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Zoom was employed to allow the program to continue. In this study, survey data from students who participated during and before the COVID-19 pandemic were compared to determine if the program carried out via Zoom can maintain its effectiveness.MethodsStudent pre- and post-program survey data were entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and then graphed and analyzed with Sigma Plot. Surveys assessed knowledge in chronic pain physiology and management, attitude towards IP practice, and perceived team skills in the form of questionnaires and open-ended questions. Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon Signed-rank tests were used for two-group comparisons and two-way repeated ANOVA followed by the Holm-Sidak post-hoc tests were used for multiple group comparisons.ResultsOverall, students continued to exhibit significant improvement in major areas assessed even with the use of Zoom. Strengths of the programs were also shared across student cohorts regardless of Zoom usage. However, despite their improvements, students who utilized Zoom stated that they would have preferred in-person program activities.ConclusionAlthough students prefer in-person activities, the SSIPCP successfully trained healthcare students in chronic pain management and working in an IP team through Zoom.
Toxicokinetics of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 21 for injection in cynomolgus monkey for 3 months
Authors: Lu Chao , Jin Lei , Bi Jianing , Jin Hongyi , You Xinyi , Peng Lulu , Fan Haibing , Wang Huan , Wang Liangshun , Fan Zhengkai , Wang Xiaojie , Liu Baohua 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is a potential therapeutic agent for multiple metabolic diseases. However, little is known about the toxicokinetic characteristics of FGF-21.Methods: In the present study, we investigated the toxicokinetics of FGF-21 delivered via subcutaneous injection in vivo. Twenty cynomolgus monkeys were injected subcutaneously with different doses of FGF-21 for 86 days. Serum samples were collected at eight different time points (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3, 5, 8, 12, and 24 h) on day 1, 37 and 86 for toxicokinetic analysis. The serum concentrations of FGF-21 were measured using a double sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood samples were collected on day 0, 30, 65, and 87 for blood and blood biochemical tests. Necropsy and pathological analysis were performed on d87 and d116 (after recovery for 29 days).Results: The average AUC(0-24h) values of low-dose FGF-21 on d1, d37, and d86 were 5253, 25268, and 60445 μg h/L, and the average AUC(0–24h) values of high-dose FGF-21 on d1, d37, and d86 were 19964, 78999, and 1952821 μg h/L, respectively. Analysis of the blood and blood biochemical indexes showed that prothrombin time and AST content in the high-dose FGF-21 group increased. However, no significant changes in other blood and blood biochemical indexes were observed. The anatomical and pathological results showed that continuous subcutaneous injection of FGF-21 for 86 days did not affect organ weight, the organ coefficient, and histopathology in cynomolgus monkeys.Discussion: Our results have guiding significance for the preclinical research and clinical use of FGF-21.
N-Nitrosamine Impurities in Ethalfluralin: Determination of an Overlooked Deleterious Source in Pesticides
Authors: Balayiannis George P. , Karasali Helen 
Published: May 2023

N-nitrosamines are a class of carcinogenic chemical compound. Considering the large-scale application of agrochemicals globally, the elimination of N-nitrosamines from pesticides should be a priority for manufacturers and regulators. A set of methods was developed and validated for the determination of the toxicologically relevant N-nitrosamine impurity of ethalfluralin (ethyl-N-(2-methylallyl) N-nitroso amine—EMANA) in 33% w v−1 emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations. Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) was compared with the “dilute and shoot” approach. Gas chromatography (GC) was combined with Flame Ionization Detection (FID) and mass spectrometry (MS). For MS, two mass filtering modes (Selective Ion Monitoring—SIM, tandem mass spectrometry—MS/MS) and two ionization modes (Electron Ionization—EI, Positive chemical ionization—PCI) were applied. It was concluded that, in the case of samples with high nitrosamine concentration (>90 μg g−1), the “dilute and shoot” approach can be applied without compromising the quality of the results. SPE, however, is required to attain the LOQ (0.33 μg g−1) with good recovery (97.4–110.67%), linearity (R > 0.99) and precision (%RSD 0.68–1.74). The LOQ supersedes the limit set by EFSA (1 μg g−1) in the Technical Active Substance—TAS. The concentration range of the methods is 0.05–110 μg g−1. The methods were applied for the official surveillance program of the Greek agrochemicals market.
Investigations on Using Intelligent Learning Techniques for Anomaly Detection and Diagnosis in Sensors Signals in Li-Ion Battery—Case Study
Authors: Tudoroiu Nicolae , Zaheeruddin Mohammed , Tudoroiu Roxana-Elena , Radu Mihai Sorin , Chammas Hana 
Published: May 2023

This research paper aims to design and implement an intelligent least short time memory (LSTM) deep learning classification technique to detect possible anomalies in measurements dataset within a particular Li-ion battery type. For the state of charge (SOC) and battery faults estimation, a Joint State and Parameter Extended Kalman Filter (JEKF) estimator is developed. The SOC accuracy performance is excellent, with less than 0.5% error during steady-state, compared to the 2% error reported in the literature. For the design and implementation of JEKF SOC and parameter estimation is chosen a preset Li-ion battery Simulink Simscape generic model. It is also helpful to generate the healthy and faulty measurement dataset to design and implement the proposed intelligent LSTM classifier deep learning technique. The generic Li-ion battery model is wisely selected for the “proof concept” purpose, model validation, and algorithms’ robustness, accuracy, and effectiveness. Compared to the traditional EKF fault diagnosis and isolation (FDI), a model-based estimation strategy, the proposed classification LSTM technique is an intelligent data-driven-based deep learning algorithm of high accuracy (around 80%) and loss performance close to zero. Therefore, this feature makes data collection of dataset measurements directly from Li-ion battery sensors possible, which is beneficial for generating online fault scenarios. Additionally, the LSTM deep learning technique can remarkably classify all detected anomalies with high accuracy, independent of battery model accuracy, uncertainties, and unmodeled dynamics. Also, high-performance accuracy root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0588 (voltage fault), approximately 5.5×10−7 (healthy) and 8.87 × 10−6 (current fault) for deep learning shallow neural network (DLSNN) reveals an obvious superiority of both compared to the traditional FDI estimation strategies.
Novel Thiazolylketenyl Quinazolinones as Potential Anti-MRSA Agents and Allosteric Modulator for PBP2a
Authors: Dai Jie , Battini Narsaiah , Zang Zhonglin , Luo Yan , Zhou Chenghe 
Published: May 2023

Bacterial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus have seriously threatened public health. There is an urgent need to propose an existing regimen to overcome multidrug resistance of MRSA. A unique class of novel anti-MRSA thiazolylketenyl quinazolinones (TQs) and their analogs were developed. Some synthesized compounds showed good bacteriostatic potency. Especially TQ 4 was found to exhibit excellent inhibition against MRSA with a low MIC of 0.5 μg/mL, which was 8-fold more effective than norfloxacin. The combination of TQ 4 with cefdinir showed stronger antibacterial potency. Further investigation revealed that TQ 4, with low hemolytic toxicity and low drug resistance, was not only able to inhibit biofilm formation but also could reduce MRSA metabolic activity and showed good drug-likeness. Mechanistic explorations revealed that TQ 4 could cause leakage of proteins by disrupting membrane integrity and block DNA replication by intercalated DNA. Furthermore, the synergistic antibacterial effect with cefdinir might be attributed to TQ 4 with the ability to induce PBP2a allosteric regulation of MRSA and further trigger the opening of the active site to promote the binding of cefdinir to the active site, thus inhibiting the expression of PBP2a, thereby overcoming MRSA resistance and significantly enhancing the anti-MRSA activity of cefdinir. A new strategy provided by these findings was that TQ 4, possessing both excellent anti-MRSA activity and allosteric effect of PBP2a, merited further development as a novel class of antibacterial agents to overcome increasingly severe MRSA infections.
Burnout entre estudantes de medicina: análise em instituição particular em Palmas - TO
Authors: Barros Adailla Wiany Rodrigues , Barros Laura Aires , Moreschi Luciana Noleto Silva , Medeiros Walquiria Azevedo Fonseca , Marinho Ana Mackartney de Souza , Campos Sarah Lima 
Published: May 2023

Introdução: o estudante de medicina no decorrer da graduação perpassa por dimensões emocionais que vão desde um simples estresse agudo a exaustão emocional, subsequente a impessoalização e baixa sensação de realização. Características estas que por diversos fatores desencadeadores, como extensa carga horário que o curso exige, tendo horários interturnos, de forma integral, sobrecarga da conciliação de ter um vínculo empregatício durante o curso de medicina, saber correlacionar vida social, família, filhos inter alia, deixam de ser vistas como um campo sintomático isolado para uma Síndrome, como evidenciado no Burnout. Objetivo: identificar as manifestações da Síndrome de Burnout presente entre estudantes da graduação em medicina. Método: pesquisa aplicada com estudo descritivo, exploratório e indutivo, de abordagem quali/quantitativas, composta por discentes matriculados entre os anos de 2019/2 a 2022/2 que cursam do primeiro ao quinto período do curso de medicina no Instituto Tocantinense Antônio Carlos (ITPAC), campus de Palmas. O método de avaliação do estudo se dará em duas fases, a primeira será a exploração quantitativa por meio da aplicação do questionário Maslach Burnout Inventory – Student Survey (MBI-SS), adaptado. Na segunda será realizado uma análise qualitativa das bibliografias disponíveis utilizado as seis fases da revisão integrativa. Resultados: analisando as dimensões da Síndrome de Burnout isoladamente observou-se que na dimensão Exaustão Emocional, escores elevados estiveram presentes em 69% dos estudantes. Na dimensão Descrença escores elevados estiveram presentes em 21,44% dos alunos. Na dimensão redução da eficácia profissional, escores baixos foram encontrados em 44,08% dos informantes. Com isso infere-se que há a presença de exaustão, contudo baixa descrença e alta eficácia profissional, assim com base nos resultados obtidos pela pesquisa não evidenciaram Síndrome de Burnout nos participantes. Conclusão: nesse ínterim retratar os sentimentos de exaustão, descrença que podem refletir na eficácia profisisonal do discente é contrubuir para a construção de ações cada vez mais singulares, as quais em sua visão enchergam o contexto da saúde mental deste grupo. Que as instituições desenvolvam atividades que promovam a saúde dos estudantes, em sua mais ampla definição, entendendo que o adoecimento destes impactará no futuro profissional.
Pedagogy for Global Level Education
Authors: Ganesan P 
Published: May 2023

Children should be supported by parents’ teachers and by the educational resources to make them investigate the world. To encourage children on native culture, tradition and literature, child centric content should be featured. Teachers should be provided with proper virtual global learning projects and also proper resources should be provided through systems that is formed with native language teachers. Students across the Globe is fully equipped with proper multi-media through the educational institution in which they develop their knowledge. Learning should be made interesting. Interest could create to students if little fun is added into the way of teaching. Country like India which has a diverse culture has many creative actives for young learners. Students should be given practice on skill development inside classroom and need to be given ideas on how to implement those practises on learning real-world topic. There are certain traditional activities of learning such as reading text books, listening to lectures and most traditional method of memorizing their learning. Instead of these activities they must be prepared for more active learning to develop their global competence.
Pendampingan Tahsin Quran Guru Sekolah Langit Biru Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Penguasaan SDM dalam Bidang Al Quran
Authors: Nover Noveriyanto , Rasman  , Riswanto  , Solehan  
Published: May 2023

Sekolah Langit Biru merupakan sekolah yang salah satu visinya adalah menyelenggarakan pendidikan yang berlandaskan pada nilai- nilai luhur Islam. Untuk mewujudkan visi tersebut salah satunya adalah melalui kegiatan tahsin Quran sebelum memulaia aktivitas belajar mengajar. Guru mendampingi siswa membaca Al Quran dan Iqro bagi siswa yang belum lancer membaca Al Quran. Pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan Tahsin Quran para guru yang setiap hari mendampingi dan membimbing siswa membaca Iqro dan Al Quran. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah ceramah dan Talaqi. Dari hasil evaluasi selama kegiatan, pihak sekolah menjadwalkan khusus proses Tahsin Quran berkelanjutan untuk menciptakan SDM unggul cerdas Al Quran.
Kata kunci— Tahsin, Talaqi, Al Quran, Sekolah Langit Biru