bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Skeletal Fixation on Nerve Healing in a Rat
Authors: Kahan David M , Legato Joseph M , Usmani Kudret , Raza Muhammad , Miskiel Sandra , Fuller David A 
Published: September 2023

Objective To investigate the effect of rigid internal skeletal fixation of a rat femoral shaft fracture on the healing of an induced sciatic nerve crush injury as assessed by functional outcomes. Methods Thirty-six male Lewis rats were divided into two groups. A unilateral sciatic nerve crush injury and a same-level transverse femur fracture were created in all animals. Animals in the first group underwent immediate open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) with a stainless steel plate and screws. Animals in the second group were treated non-operatively (NON) without internal or external fixation or bracing. At each of the six-time points relevant to different nerve degeneration and regeneration stages, three animals in each group underwent bilateral limb assessments of electrophysiology, muscle mass, and nerve histomorphometry. Results Outcome measurements of the ORIF group (n=17) and NON group (n=16) showed the ORIF group to have both significantly greater tibialis anterior muscle force generation and sciatic nerve conduction velocity across the zone of injury for the overall groups. Force and conduction velocity measurements were greater for the ORIF group at selective time points in the subgroup analysis. Histologic analysis confirmed a greater cross-sectional area of the sciatic nerve in the ORIF group. Conclusion This study provides information about the influence of the stability of the skeletal and soft tissue environment on the nerve healing process. The significantly greater maximum force generation and conduction velocity and the increased cross-sectional areas with greater axon counts observed in our ORIF group support our hypothesis that rigid internal skeletal fixation of a fracture promotes superior recovery of a concomitant peripheral nerve injury. The findings of this study suggest that superior healing of the peripheral nerve injury may occur with stable skeletal fixation.
Global classical solutions to equatorial shallow-water equations
Authors: Fang Yue , Li Kaiqiang , Xu Xin 
Published: September 2023

In this article, we study the equatorial shallow-water equations with slip boundary condition in bounded domain. By exploring the dissipative structures of the system, we obtaining a priori estimates of the solution for small initial data. Then the existence of classical global solutions and exponential stability results are given.
For more inofrmation see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2023/62/abstr.html
CULTURE SHOCK SISWA BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS SELAMA PANDEMI COVID 19 DAN UPAYA PENCEGAHANNYA MELALUI KONSELING MULTIKULTURAL [CULTURE SHOCK STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE EFFORT TO PREVENT IT THROUGH MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING]
Authors: Wangsanata Susana Aditiya , Rosari Dwi Vianita , Rahayu Sucik 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe and find out radically or deeply about the phenomenon of culture shock on students with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic and its prevention efforts through multicultural counseling. The research used qualitative approach with literature study research design. The results of this study found the answer that culture shock did occur and was experienced by students with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the reality on the ground, students with special needs experience problems in the online learning process. Although there is no scientific data and research, the phenomenon of culture shock has become a common problem caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including those experienced by students with special needs. Therefore, the phenomenon and problems of culture shock need to get the right treatment by using multicultural counseling. Multicultural counseling with the same model as counseling in general, but paying more attention to the counselee's cultural background, to be able to do counseling well. Thus, there is an appropriate meeting point between the problems experienced and the treatment used, namely the different cultural problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Editorial
Authors: De Vincenzi Marcelo , Darín Susana , Maccarini Marcela , Pons Claudia 
Published: September 2023

Esta edición de la revista RAIA contiene una selección de las ponencias presentadas en el XV Congreso Internacional en Innovación Tecnológica Informática XV CIITI 2017 cuyo lema fue “Tecnologías del Conocimiento”, que tuvo lugar en dos capítulos; el primero se desarrolló el 19 de Septiembre de 2017 en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y el segundo el 2 de Noviembre en la Ciudad de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
El CIITI, es un evento anual que se realiza desde el año 2003, con identidad y dinámica propia. Su objetivo es generar un espacio de reflexión abierta, participativa e inclusiva, sobre el impacto de la tecnología informática en los distintos campos de la ciencia, presentando las innovaciones y nuevos conocimientos a la sociedad.
La comunicación como herramienta generadora de valor en las organizaciones: el rol de la universidad pública en el desarrollo de las pequeñas ciudades
Authors: Osorio Rivero Yenis Piedad , Palacio Álvarez Yeny Paola , Durán Sánchez Andrey Eduardo 
Published: September 2023

El enfoque de la comunicación en las organizaciones públicas, privadas y del tercer sector ha cambiado. La visión institucional ya no se basa únicamente en su modelo económico, productivo y de gestión tradicional, sino que debe incluir la comunicación como eje transversal y centro de mando para su actividad productiva, su funcionamiento interno y sus relaciones con todos los grupos de interés. La globalización, la competitividad, la dispersión de los mercados y las dinámicas socioculturales son los retos que deben afrontar las organizaciones de diversa índole. Desde esta perspectiva, la comunicación es en esencia una herramienta estratégica, que redefine la relación de una organización con su entorno, interactuando con públicos internos y externos, consolidando su identidad y utilizando la tecnología para mejorar sus procesos. El propósito de esta investigación consiste en una revisión documental descriptiva sobre la comunicación organizacional y la trascendencia que tiene para las compañías. Los autores consultados para la construcción de este artículo insisten en que la comunicación organizacional no es una opción, sino una necesidad. En el mundo empresarial los activos intangibles y las nuevas tecnologías para la comunicación, deben gestionarse y direccionar adecuadamente para aprovechar las oportunidades competitivas entre pares y afines, lo cual genera valor a las organizaciones. En sentido contrario, las fallas en las comunicaciones influyen negativamente en la productividad. Respecto a la influencia de la comunicación organizacional en ciudades pequeñas como lo es Ocaña, Norte de Santander, puede ser especialmente significativa debido a la estrecha interacción social y económica que caracteriza a estos territorios ya que resulta efectiva entre organizaciones locales, gobiernos municipales, empresas y grupos comunitarios dado que permite fortalecer y promover la colaboración en proyectos, eventos y actividades, es decir la gobernanza. Esto puede contribuir al fortalecimiento de sentido de pertenencia y unidad de la comunidad con el entorno, atrayendo inversiones para fomentar el crecimiento económico glocal.
Do macro ao micro: usando a refração para determinação do volume molecular da glicose
Authors: Roldan Livia Germano , Souza Edivaldo Luis de , Andrade José Geraldo Pena de , Meyer Yuri Alexandre 
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho foi concebido na forma de uma Iniciação Científica Júnior com alunos do Ensino Médio. Trata-se de um experimento interdisciplinar entre Química e Física, de fácil reprodutibilidade e de baixo custo, que permitiu aos alunos aplicarem o conceito de refração – comumente trabalhado no Ensino Médio, como uma ferramenta eficaz para estimar a ordem de grandeza do volume molecular da glicose. Inicialmente foram preparadas soluções de glicose de 0,1 mol/L, 0,4 mol/L e 0,7 mol/L e, para a determinação do índice de refração de cada solução, foi utilizado um béquer provido de um cano PVC. Através dos estudos teóricos, os alunos determinaram o índice de refração a partir da divisão entre o valor da medida do diâmetro fora do tubo e dentro do tubo. Para a determinação dos valores dos diâmetros, os alunos posicionaram o celular e tiraram fotos do arranjo experimental. A determinação desses valores foi feita no PowerPoint, no qual é possível utilizar a ferramenta de setas para determinação do comprimento. Os valores obtidos dos índices de refração, para cada uma das soluções, foram 1,315; 1,332 e 1,342, e estão de acordo com os valores esperados pela teoria. Por sua vez, os valores obtidos para os volumes moleculares, respectivamente para cada uma das soluções, foram satisfatórios, resultando em 1,38.10-23 cm³, 1,42.10-23 cm³ e 1,43.10-23 cm³, destacando-se que as ordens de grandeza calculadas estão dentro dos valores esperados pela teoria. O experimento em questão permitiu a vivência de alunos e professores de forma interdisciplinar, envolvendo os conhecimentos de Física e Química.
Defining the Legal Nature of Shared Rights Annotation
Authors: Bichia Мikheil 
Published: September 2023

The current article is dedicated to defining the legal nature of shared rights, which has twofold importance, scientific accuracy, and practicality.
The roots of shared rights are in common property, which is part of property law. Therefore, logically, shared rights contain some elements of property law. In particular, the relationship of owners of shared rights with third parties is an external and property law-connected. This relationship has an absolute character. In addition, the internal fiduciary relationship between parties, which is related to the origins of the obligation law of shared rights, is also noteworthy.
The existence of shared rights in the obligation law is caused by the internal, relational, and personal nature of the existing relationship, by the non-injury of the interests of the other parties in the use of the shared rights by one party. The legal content of the rights and obligations of the parties is expressed in the powers of using, managing, and disposing of the shared object, taking into account the interests of other parties, also in the power of canceling the shared right, etc.
Shared rights have a merged legal nature: the internal relations of the shareholders are relative, and the relationships of the owners of shared rights with third parties are absolute. Accordingly, the specifics of this relationship depend on whether it concerns the internal rights and obligations of the shareholders or the interests of the co-sharers with third parties. The above-mentioned determines which field of civil law norms will be applicable concerning the mentioned relationship - property or obligation law
Summing of Worker’s Working Times with different Employers by an Employee - as an Infringement of Freedom of Parallel Employment and Illegal Processing of Personal Data
Authors: Kardava Ekaterine 
Published: September 2023

In the modern labor market, parallel employment of a person in different businesses is an opportunity to mitigate the economic dependence on only one employer and manage own welfare life. In 2019, the EU Labor Directive 2019/1125 on Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions, legally strengthened the freedom of an employee to work with different employers in case of will. Restriction of this freedom is allowed only in reasonable and precisely defined cases.
The article explains the legal norm of the Labor Code of Georgia regulating parallel employment. Some wrong Georgian practices between competitors (employers) are criticized. In order to use the norm in a uniform and good sense, in order to understand the real purpose of parallel labor freedom, the models of European legal regulations, the provisions of 2019/1125 directive, and various laws/norms of Georgia are synchronized and analysed.
Municipal Elections: Peculiarities and Challenges in Georgia
Authors: Chigladze Nana 
Published: September 2023

After the restoration of independence, in the 90s, along with other vital issues of state importance, the process of bringing municipal democracy closer to the Georgian reality began actively. A number of factors prevented perfecting the local management system in Georgia, therefore, it is still in the process of reforming. The most important component, which enables municipal bodies to function in accordance with modern international standards and is a guarantee of effective self-government, is the rule of their formation.
Electiveness, that is, the possibility of people's participation in the creation and activities of municipal bodies, is a visible expression of the exercise of the right of local self-government. It is noteworthy that the municipal elections, in their essence, are characterized by a number of peculiarities and sharply differ from the elections of the central governmental institutions. Accordingly, national states, including Georgia, try to create legislation that is adapted to the political and social reality of their own country and reflects traditions and legislation which will provide the realization of real content of local self-government and the possibility of involvement of the population of the municipal unit. In the relevant electoral legislation, substantial changes were made more than once, which had a positive impact, mainly, on the result of the October 2, 2021 local self-government elections. Additionally, municipal electoral legislation and practice still face challenges, on which answers depends the future of Georgia as a democratic and legal state largely.
Inappropriateness of Prohibiting Appealing an Arrest Warrant
Authors: Sadradze Tamar 
Published: September 2023

According to Paragraph One of Article 13 of the Constitution of Georgia, human freedom shall be protected. The XVIII Chapter of the Criminal Procedure Code of Georgia specifies the grounds for criminal prosecution, detention and recognition as an accused.
The present article deals with some problems related to a person’s detention by a court decision. It discusses the following issues: the concept and essence of detention, the gaps associated with arrest warrants, in particular the lack of legal grounds for specifying the term of execution of an arrest warrant, lack of control over the execution of an arrest warrant, the constitutional claim filed by my colleagues and me related to the prohibition of appealing an arrest warrant and resultant legal problems.
The article also explores the court practice regarding a person’s detention by a court decision, which demonstrates and illustrates the problems related to detention practices. Examples of some foreign jurisdictions for appeals of warrant orders that have chosen the principles of equality and adversariality of the parties as their primary guiding principle are also discussed.
The article describes the effective legal norm, reviews the judicial practice, gives conclusions and essential recommendations to improve the issue of legislative control.
Fixed-prosthodontics in Nigerian private practice settings
Authors: Ikusika OF  , Idon PI  , Alalade O  , Sotunde AO  , Akinpelu MA  , Igweagu CE  
Published: September 2023

Context: Private practice dentistry is predominant in Nigeria. Audits of fixed-prosthodontic practice in these settings are rare and will highlight capacity and guide training. This study aimed to assess the scope and quality of fixed-prosthodontic practice in such settings in Nigeria.
Objectives: The study sought to assess:

Participants’ sociodemographic and their diagnostic and preoperative practices.
The quality of impression making and operative technique, reviews and maintenance, temporization practices and communication with the laboratory.
The range of treatments given and provision of advanced treatments.

Materials and Methods: An adapted questionnaire was administered electronically on Nigerian dentists practicing fixed-prosthodontics in private practice settings. Retrieved data underwent descriptive statistics and associations were tested with the Fischer’s Exact and Chi-Square tests using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.Results: A total of 100 valid responses with a male:female ratio of 2.1:1 from 16 states were retrieved. Fifty-nine participants had only first degrees and mean experience was 14.3±9.5 years. There were 27 adequate responses with regards to range of treatments offered. Sixty-three participants practiced direct temporization. Twenty-one and 14 participants regularly practiced implantology and CAD/CAM dentistry respectively. Direct temporization was significantly associated with increasing education (X2=6.03, p=0,05) and experience (X2=13.2, p=0.03).Conclusion: Only a few Nigerian dentists in private practice gave an adequate range of treatment. Most of them prefer direct temporization. Implantology and CAD/CAM dentistry practice are improving, but are still not very common.
Correlates of exclusive breast feeding among nursing mothers attending child health clinic at a general hospital in Rivers State Nigeria
Authors: Ogbondah BO  
Published: September 2023

Background: Early initiation of breast feeding and feeding exclusively for six months have great implication for the survival, well-being and growth of new borne. Factors such as maternal age, occupation, religion, spouse age, spouse occupation, parity, antenatal care (ANC) attendance, mode of delivery (MOD) and birth order are significantly associated with exclusive breast feeding (EBF)
Methodology: The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among nursing mothers attending child health clinic in General Hospital Bonny, in Bonny Island, Rivers State, Nigeria. All eligible nursing mother who presented at the clinic were enlisted for the study. Enlistment of eligible participants was done on every child welfare clinic day. Data was collected using a pretested, interviewer administered, structured questionnaire which was adapted and prepared in English Language. Categorical data was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression model with statistical significance set at 0.05.
Result: Results from this study identified significant association between EBF and some maternal variables such as age, occupation and religion. Spouse age and occupation were significantly associated with EBF. ANC attendance, gestational age, MOD, parity and birth order were also significant variables associated with EBF.
Conclusion: Maternal variables such as age, occupation, religion, parity, MOD, ANC attendance including spouse age and occupation significantly influence EBF of new borne.
Cadmium and Mercury Exposure: Oxidative, Neurobehavioural and Histological Alterations to the Cerebellum of Wistar Rats
Authors: Enogieru AB  , Inneh CA  
Published: September 2023

Background: The unprecedented increase in metal exposure has been aided by modern industrialization and anthropogenic activities. Cadmium and mercury are recognized as two of the most common heavy metals with destructive impacts on most organ systems. The present study was designed to investigate and improve existing literature on the possible deleterious effects of cadmium and mercury exposure.
Methods: Adult Wistar rats were treated with cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg/day) and mercury chloride (4 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. Body, brain and cerebellar weights, motor deficits, antioxidant and lipid peroxidation activities as well as histological alterations to the cerebellum were evaluated at the end of the experiment.
Results: Findings showed a significant reduction in body and brain weights, dysregulation of antioxidant enzymes activity and impaired locomotion and exploratory activity in treated rats. Also, an increase in lipid peroxidation and degeneration of Purkinje cells of the cerebellum was observed in treated rats.
Conclusion: Overall, these results corroborate previous findings that cadmium and mercury induce deleterious effects on the cerebellum and central nervous system. In addition, this study helps to provide an anatomical perspective and information on the exact cerebellar changes induced by cadmium and mercury in Wistar rats.
Histopathological pattern of endoscopic gastric biopsies in dyspeptic patients in a Nigerian population
Authors: Raphael S  , Amadi DC  
Published: September 2023

Background and Objective: Dyspepsia is one of the most common complaints encountered in the general outpatient and gastroenterology clinics in Nigeria. Histopathological assessment of endoscopic gastric mucosa biopsy is crucial to delineate the exact cause of dyspepsia to guide patients’ management. This study aimed to determine and document the histopathological basis of dyspepsia among dyspeptic patients at our facility.
Material sand Methods: This was a three year descriptive retrospective study and the materials consisted of all gastric endoscopic biopsies taken from clinically diagnosed dyspeptic patients sent to the Department of Histopathology of the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria.
Results: The biopsies were from 64 (53.2%) male patients and 56 (46.8%) female patients, giving a male to female ratio of 1.14:1. The age range of the patients was 28-82 years with a mean of 56 years at presentation. Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) bacilli were identified in the samples of 42 (35%) patients but absent in samples of 78 (65%) patients. The histopathological pattern of the aetiological basis of dyspepsia in this study consisted of gastritis (96, 80%), functional (17, 14.2%), adenocarcinoma (4, 3.3%) and polyps (3, 2.5%). H. Pylori bacilli were seen only in patients with gastritis (42/96, 43.8%), and it affected 19 (45.2%) male patients and 23 (54.8%) female patients. Chronic active H. Pylori associated gastritis (24, 25%) was the most common form of gastritis seen during the study period.
Conclusion: The main organic cause of dyspepsia in our setting was chronic gastric followed in the distant by gastric adenocarcinoma and polyp. Dyspepsia and H. Pylori associated gastritis did not show a significant gender predilection.
Knowledge and Attitude towards Pregnancy Care and Delivery among Male Commercial Motorcyclists in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ibirongbe DO  , Ogunwale BE  , Akeke FA  , Asuzu MC  
Published: September 2023

Background: Men’s influences are gradually being recognised in pregnancy and delivery care. The study aims to determine the knowledge and attitude of male commercial motorcyclists on pregnancy care and delivery of women.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among married male commercial motorcyclists, operating in Ibadan North Local Government Area selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using a pre-tested, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 16. Each section was evaluated using rating of a three-point Likert scale with each item scored based on responses ranging from disagree to agree. Results were presented in tables and charts.
Results: Four hundred and fifty three male commercial motorcyclists were interviewed. The mean age was 34.2±7.3years, 301 (66.4%) had secondary education, while 390 (86.1%) were in a monogamous marriage. Thirty 30(6.6%) respondents did not know when their wives registered for ANC while majority, 444(98.1%) did not know the duration of their wives’ labour. Few respondents 46 (10.2%) recognized vaginal bleeding as a common danger signs in pregnancy while 277 (61.1%) agree that women should have at least four ANC visits before delivery. Many of the respondents 315 (69.6%) had good knowledge, and 304 (67.1%) had positive attitude towards antenatal and delivery care.
Conclusion: Educational efforts on maternal health care should also focus on the men to improve their knowledge, attitude and involvement in antenatal and pregnancy.