bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Weather, Vector and Variety on Incidence of Yellow Leaf Disease in Sugarcane
Authors: Saritha R. , Chandrasekhar V. , Bhavani B. , Visalakshi M. 
Published: June 2023

Yellow leaf disease of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) caused by the Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), vectored by aphids has attained epidemic proportions causing severe yield losses, ranging from 20 to 40 % in susceptible varieties. Yellow leaf spread by aphids depends on cultivar susceptibility as well as weather parameters and thus the present studies were conceptualized. The observations on meteorological parameters were taken from the observatory at the station. The data on incidence of vector(aphids) and yellow leaf disease were recorded at weekly interval during the entire crop growth period on three sugarcane varieties viz., 2005 A 128, 2001 A 63 and 2003 V 46. The data on vector and disease incidence was correlated with weather parameters. The aphid incidence on 2005 A 128 initiated (4.6 per leaf) at 30 SMW and gradually increased to 19.1 per leaf at 40 SMW. In the variety 2001 A 63, the aphid incidence was first observed (2.2 per leaf) at 27 SMW and reached the peak population of 19.1 per leaf at 38 SMW. The aphid incidence on 2003 V 46 initiated (2.1 per leaf) at 29 SMW and gradually increased to 18.1 per leaf at 42 SMW. With regard to yellow leaf disease the incidence was first observed (1.0 per cent) at 26 SMW and reached the peak (28.7 per cent) at 37 SMW in the variety 2005 A 128. In the variety 2001 A 63, the incidence of yellow leaf disease was 1.8 per cent at 26 SMW which later on increased up to 29.4 per cent by 46 SMW. The incidence of yellow leaf disease was 3.5 per cent at 28 SMW which later on increased up to 27.6 per cent by 44 SMW in the variety 2003 V 46.The observations on incidence of aphids and YLD in susceptible varieties revealed that aphids contribute significantly to the initial spread of YLD, from initial incidence of aphids and YLD in 29-30 SW up to 42-44 SMW when the aphids reach peak incidence and YLD also leaps to above 25 per cent. The aphid population exhibited positive correlation with maximum temperature (r2=0.62), minimum temperature (r2=0.55) and relative humidity I (r2=0.65), whereas, negative correlation with rainfall (r2=-0.63). The yellow leaf disease exhibited positive correlation with minimum temperature (r2=0.75) and relative humidity I (r2=0.67), whereas, negative correlation with rainfall (r2=-0.63). The leaf and aphid samples were collected at peak incidence of Yellow leaf disease and were tested and found positive for presence of virus using ELISA reader at 405 nm.
Inter Cropping of Chilli with Coriander and Fenugreek in Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions
Authors: Dubey Sagar , Singh Devi , Wesley C. John 
Published: June 2023

A field experiment entitled “Inter Cropping of Chilli With Coriander and Fenugreek in Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions” was conducted from December, 2021 – March, 2022 at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and 08 treatments. The experiment consisted of six cropping combinations viz., sole chilli, sole coriander, sole fenugreek, chilli + coriander, chilli+ fenugreek, chilli + coriander + fenugreek. The highest yield (green chilli) was obtained from treatment T1 (Sole chilli @ 100 % RDF) (13.06 t ha-1). Among the intercropping treatments, the highest chilli yield (12.73 t ha-1) was obtained from treatment T4 (chilli @ 85% RDF + coriander @15% RDF) whereas the lowest (10.54 t ha-1) was found in treatment T8 (chilli @ 55 % RDF + coriander @ 22.5 % RDF + fenugreek@ 22.5% RDF). Chilli production was decreased by intercropping, but overall chilli yield rose above solitary chilli due to the contribution of companion crops. The highest chilli along with intercrop yield (150.71 t ha-1), gross return (1101506 Rs. ha-1), net return (817969 Rs. ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.88) were obtained from treatment T8 (chilli @ 55 % RDF + coriander @ 22.5 % RDF + fenugreek@ 20% RDF). Considering the experimental findings, treatment T8 (chilli @ 55 % RDF + coriander @ 22.5 % RDF + fenugreek@ 20% RDF) found the most suitable combination for higher productivity and economic return under Prayagraj agro-climatic conditions.
The Unpreparedness of a Health District in the Face of an Epidemic, the Case of COVID-19 and Its Impact on Neurosurgery Activities
Authors: Fondop J. , Tchoffo M. C. Atyam Ekoto , Atemken T. , Djam C. A. , Ondo J. F. Ondo , Takoudjou L. T. 
Published: June 2023

In December 2019, the occurrence of several cases of pneumonia of unknown origin in Hubei province in China led to the identification in January 2020 of a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2 by the Coronavirus Working Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. In 2019 the national strategy to combat COVI 19 planned for national and regional centres. Thus, as of 20 March 2019, the first suspected cases were registered and taken care of by the District Hospital of Dschang in an unpredictable manner and without any fund.
The objective of this study was to describe the management of the COVID 19 epidemic by a district hospital without preparation and to describe its impact on hospital activities, in particular neurosurgery.
Methodology: it was a retrospective descriptive study, focused on the documents and the management of human resources, material, suspect patients and financial means of the hospital during the first phase of the epidemic from March - August 2019 the crisis. It wasonly in September 2019 that the plan provided for the monitoring of patients at home and the patient at the case infected in KOUEKONG in Bafoussam in the region.
The result A service was created with new staff as a matter of urgency and the hospitalisation of the first suspect led to a drop in the early attendance of the structure, hospitalisation of the hospital and especially of the surgery service. The barrier measures introduced at the hospital were financed entirely by the hospital's own funds and donations, without any special funding, the hospital's revenue fell from 46,909,106 CFA francs in January 2019 to 27,103,235 CFA francs in June 2019, with a 43% drop in June 2019. expenses, masked by donations, fell from 46,909,106 CFA francs in January 2020 to 24,765,492 CFA francs in May 2020, but increased slightly to reach 38,724,361 CFA francs in August 2020. All activities were affected particularly surgery and neurosurgery.
Conclusion: The unpredictable management of the Covi19 epidemic led to a disruption of the hospital's organisation and human resources, a drop in the hospital's income and an increase in the burden of self-management, without subsidies from the hierarchy.
Recent Advances in Crop Improvement of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) for High Fruit Yield and Quality
Authors: Komala Majjiga , Lakshmi K. Swarajya , Madhavi N. 
Published: June 2023

Capsicum annuum L. is an indispensable spice cum vegetable crop cultivated worldwide for its edible fruit. The current research is majorly focused on the development of improved chilli varieties to achieve high fruit yield and quality to meet the rapidly growing market demands. Therefore, the screening of the chilli landraces and local cultivars for the genetic variation would provide best parents for the chilli crop improvement. Most of the recent chilli breeding programmes involve the assessment of genetic variation among the genotypes by the estimation of important genetic variation parameters such as phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and genetic advance, gene flow, and cluster analysis. Correlation and path coefficient analysis was also applied to evaluate the progeny to understand the association between desired traits. The popular DNA-based molecular marker system, simple sequence repeat, is predominantly applied to understand the genetic variation as well as to select the desired progeny. In this current review, we discussed such recent research reports on chilli crop improvement for high fruit yield and quality, highlighted the recent major achievements and provided the important information for the chilli breeders. We hope this current review would shed light on recent developments in chilli crop improvement and help chilli breeders for their future breeding programmes.
Effects of Covid-19 on indigenous primary health care: perceptions of professionals / Efeitos da Covid-19 na atenção primária a saúde dos indígenas: percepções dos profissionais
Authors: Oliveira Angélica Tais de , Hermes Thomas Tombini Larissa , Barros de Souza Jeane , Faganello Madureira Valéria Silvana , De Prado Pilger Kelly Cristina 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: compreender os efeitos da pandemia COVID-19 na Atenção Primária à Saúde dos indígenas, na percepção dos profissionais da saúde. Método: pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. Contou-se com a participação de sete profissionais que atuavam em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde vinculada ao Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram desenvolvidas entrevistas semiestruturadas no primeiro semestre de 2022. A análise dos dados foi norteada pela análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: os efeitos da COVID-19 na saúde dos indígenas na Atenção Primária envolveram o processo de trabalho na conjuntura pandêmica, cuidado integral à saude da população indígena, saúde mental dos profissionais e dos indígenas. Conclusão: frente aos desafios vividos, destacou-se a eficiência e responsabilidade dos profissionais atuantes na Atenção Primária dos indígenas, desde a vigilância até a reabilitação, para a preservação da saúde dos indivíduos e coletivos.
Association of Early Hysterectomy With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Women
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Kim Byung Gyu , Lee Byoung Kwon , Seo Jongkwon , Kim Gwang Sil , Min Kyongjin , Lee Hye Young , Byun Young Sup , Kim Byung Ok , Yang Seung-Woo , Kim Myoung-Hwan , Yoon Sang-Hee , Seo Yong-Soo 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceWomen who undergo surgical hysterectomy before natural menopause may have an earlier increase in hematocrit and storage iron levels than those who continue menstruation, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at ages younger than usually seen. Examining this issue may provide important implications for women’s cardiovascular health to both physicians and patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of hysterectomy with the risk of incident CVD among women before age 50 years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this Korean population-based cohort study, 135 575 women aged 40 to 49 years were evaluated from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014. After propensity score matching in covariates including age, socioeconomic status, region, Charlson Comorbidity Index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, menopause, menopausal hormone therapy, and adnexal surgery before inclusion, 55 539 pairs were included in the hysterectomy and nonhysterectomy groups. Participants were followed up until December 31, 2020. Data analysis was conducted from December 20, 2021, to February 17, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was an incidental CVD, a composite of myocardial infarction, coronary artery revascularization, and stroke. The individual components of the primary outcome were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 55 539 pairs were included; median age in the combined groups was 45 (IQR, 42-47) years. During median follow-up periods in the hysterectomy group of 7.9 (IQR, 6.8-8.9) years and nonhysterectomy group of 7.9 (IQR, 6.8-8.8) years, the incidence of CVD was 115 per 100 000 person-years for the hysterectomy group and 96 per 100 000 person-years for the nonhysterectomy group. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hysterectomy group had an increased risk of CVD compared with the nonhysterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.44). The incidences of myocardial infarction and coronary artery revascularization were comparable between the groups, whereas the risk of stroke was significantly higher in the hysterectomy group (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.12-1.53). Even after excluding women who underwent oophorectomy, the hysterectomy group had higher risks of CVD (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.44).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest early menopause owing to hysterectomy was associated with increased risks for a composite of CVD, particularly stroke.
Violent video game exposure and bullying perpetration among Chinese adolescents: The moderating role of belief in a just world
Authors: Lei Xingwu , Nie Qian , Chen Chun , Teng Zhaojun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExposure to violent video games is associated with aggressive behaviors among adolescents. However, not all adolescents who play violent video games demonstrate bullying behaviors. Based on the General Aggression Model (GAM), this cross‐sectional study examined the interactive effect of individuals (i.e., belief in a just world [BJW]) and situational factors (i.e., violent video game exposure [VVGE]) on bullying perpetration. Using a representative sample of 4250 adolescents from five secondary schools in Southwest China (54.4% males, Mage = 15.14, SD = 1.5 years old), we examined the moderating role of BJW in the relationship between VVGE and bullying perpetration. The results suggest that VVGE is significantly and positively associated with bullying perpetration. Moreover, after controlling for covariates, general and personal BJW interact with the situational variable (i.e., VVGE) to predict bullying perpetration among Chinese adolescents. The positive effect of VVGE on bullying perpetration is lower among adolescents with high general and personal BJW than among adolescents with low BJW. The findings support the GAM theory and highlight the buffering role of BJW in the effect of VVGE on bullying perpetration.
Updates on Recent Clinical Assessment of Commercial Chronic Wound Care Products
Authors: Sharma Archita , Sharma Dhavan , Zhao Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImpaired wound healing after trauma, disorders, and surgeries impact millions of people globally every year. Dysregulation in orchestrated healing mechanisms and underlying medical complications make chronic wound management extremely challenging. Besides standard‐of‐care treatments including broad spectrum antibiotics and wound‐debridement, novel adjuvant therapies are clinically tested and commercialized. These include topical agents, skin substitutes, growth factor delivery, and stem cell therapies. With a goal to overcome factors playing pivotal role in delayed wound healing, researchers are exploring novel approaches to elicit desirable healing outcomes in chronic wounds. Although recent innovations in wound care products, therapies, and devices are extensively reviewed in past, a comprehensive review summarizing their clinical outcomes is surprisingly lacking. Herein, this work reviews the commercially available wound care products and their performance in clinical trials to provide a statistically comprehensive understanding of their safety and efficacy. The performance and suitability of various commercial wound care platforms, including xenogeneic and allogenic products, wound care devices, and novel biomaterials, are discussed for chronic wounds. The current clinical evaluation will provide a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of the most‐recent approaches and will enable researchers and healthcare providers to develop next‐generation technologies for chronic wound management.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Transformations Involving the Heck Reaction
Authors: Zhang Xue‐Song , Han Ya‐Ping , Zhang Yuecheng , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElaborated molecular architectures including complex carbocycles, heterocycles, and polycyclic molecular structures represent an important class of organic compounds because they are ubiquitous structural units in a broad variety of biologically and pharmacologically relevant natural products, medicinal molecules, and functional materials. A major challenge in modern synthetic methodology is the development of strategically efficient and selective construction of these compounds from readily available starting materials. Transition‐metal‐catalyzed transformations involving Heck reaction as the pivotal step have afforded a powerful approach for accessing sophisticated polycyclic skeletons from a set of easy‐to handle starting materials, thus highlighting its potential significance in streamlining the drug discovery process. Over the past few decades, significant effort has been devoted to accessing complex polycyclic derivatives in efficient and versatile routes, and a number of powerful and direct synthetic strategies have been reported. In this review, the latest advances in transition‐metal‐catalyzed transformations involving Heck reaction as the critical step are summarized, which could be divided into six categories: 1) Heck/Sonogashira tandem reaction; 2) Heck/Suzuki tandem reaction; 3) Heck/Heck tandem reaction; 4) Heck/Hiyama tandem reaction; 5) Heck/Cacchi tandem reaction; 6) Heck/C−H bond functionalization tandem reaction.
Sequential Ubiquitination and Phosphorylation Epigenetics Reshaping by MG132‐Loaded Fe‐MOF Disarms Treatment Resistance to Repulse Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bu Zhaoting , Yang Jianjun , Zhang Yan , Luo Tao , Fang Chao , Liang Xiayi , Peng Qiuxia , Wang Duo , Lin Ningjing , Zhang Kun , Tang Weizhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAbnormal epigenetic regulation is identified to correlate with cancer progression and renders tumor refractory and resistant to reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐based anti‐tumor actions. To address it, a sequential ubiquitination and phosphorylation epigenetics modulation strategy is developed and exemplified by the well‐established Fe‐metal‐organic framework (Fe‐MOF)‐based chemodynamic therapy (CDT) nanoplatforms that load the 26S proteasome inhibitor (i.e., MG132). The encapsulated MG132 can blockade 26S proteasome, terminate ubiquitination, and further inhibit transcription factor phosphorylation (e.g., NF‐κB p65), which can boost pro‐apoptotic or misfolded protein accumulations, disrupt tumor homeostasis, and down‐regulate driving genes expression of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Contributed by them, Fe‐MOF‐unlocked CDT is magnified to considerably elevate ROS content for repulsing mCRC, especially after combining with macrophage membrane coating‐enabled tropism accumulation. Systematic experiments reveal the mechanism and signaling pathway of such a sequential ubiquitination and phosphorylation epigenetics modulation and explain how it could blockade ubiquitination and phosphorylation to liberate the therapy resistance to ROS and activate NF‐κB‐related acute immune responses. This unprecedented sequential epigenetics modulation lays a solid foundation to magnify oxidative stress and can serve as a general method to enhance other ROS‐based anti‐tumor methods.
Impact of Oxygen Reservoir Layer on 3T Oxygen Ion‐based Electrochemical Random Access Memory Performance
Authors: Kim Hyejin , Han Geonhui , Seo Jongseon , Lee Daeseok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of an oxygen reservoir layer on the performance of three‐terminal (3T) oxide ion‐based electrochemical random access memory (Ox‐ECRAM). Three Ox‐ECRAM synapse devices are compared: single layer, double 1, and double 2. The results indicate that the oxygen reservoir layer is crucial for maintaining channel conductance while preventing gate leakage. The oxygen reservoir layer also modulates conductance via the absorption and supply of oxygen ions. In addition, the ion migration barrier energy of the oxygen reservoir layer plays a key role in the reliability of the Ox‐ECRAM, with higher values leading to more stable retention and endurance. The results of this study highlight the importance of the oxygen reservoir layer in Ox‐ECRAM performance.
Electronegative Nanochannels Accelerating Lithium‐Ion Transport for Enabling Highly Stable and High‐Rate Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Hao Zhendong , Wang Chengjie , Wu Yue , Zhang Qianqian , Xu Hong , Jin Yuhong , Liu Jingbing , Wang Hao , He Xiangming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAchieving a high Li+ transference number is an effective strategy to inhibit the nucleation of lithium dendrites on the metal anode according to classical Sand's time principle. However, improving the Li+ transference number usually causes aloss of ionic conductivity of lithium metal batteries. Here, inspired by biological ion channels tuning ion transport, an electronegative nanochannels separator is developed to accelerate Li+ transport for enabling dendrite‐free and high‐rate lithium metal anodes. Benefiting from selective and fast Li+ transport, the electronegative nanochannels separator can simultaneously achieve high Li+ transference number (0.77) and high Li+ conductivity (1.36 mS cm−2) within a liquid lithium metal battery. Such an optimization of Li+ transport dynamics can significantly prolong the nucleation time of lithium dendrite and thus effectively suppress dendritic growth, which contributes to an extremely stable Li plating/stripping cycling for over 2000 h at a high current density of 5 mA cm−2. When assembled into lithium metal batteries, the electronegative nanochannels separator enables superior comprehensive electrochemical performance compared with the commercial polyolefin one. This work provides new insights into the design of functional separators toward dendrite‐free and high‐rate liquid lithium metal batteries.
High Energy Density Sulfur‐Rich MoS6‐Based Nanocomposite for Room Temperature All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Mengli , Yao Yu , Chang Mingyuan , Tian Fuli , Xie Wenrui , Zhao Xiaolei , Yu Yan , Yao Xiayin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe all‐solid‐state lithium–sulfur battery is considered to be a promising energy device due to high energy density and excellent safety. However, sulfur suffers from its insulating nature and large volume changes. Employing transition‐metal sulfide cathodes is an attractive alternative. Herein, a high energy density sulfur‐rich MoS6‐based nanocomposite is designed, where MoS6 nanospheres are homogenously anchored on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a wet‐chemical method, providing improved electronic conductivity and reduced volume changes. In addition, a nanosized Li7P3S11 electrolyte is in situ coated on the surface of MoS6‐CNT20 to realize intimate interface contact and form nanoscale electronic/ionic transportation networks. The resultant MoS6‐CNT20@15%Li7P3S11 composite shows high electronic conductivity (1.7 × 10−1 S cm−1) and ionic conductivity (6.7 × 10−4 S cm−1), which are eight and three orders of magnitude improved compared to those of MoS6. The Li/Li6PS5Cl/MoS6‐CNT20@15%Li7P3S11 battery exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 1034.32 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. In addition, an ultrahigh reversible energy density of 1640 Wh kg−1 for the active material can be realized, which is the highest among all transition‐metal sulfide cathodes. Moreover, it shows a reversible capacity of 550.00 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 1000 cycles, demonstrating that the sulfur‐rich MoS6‐based nanocomposite is a promising highenergy density cathode material for next‐generation all‐solid‐state lithium batteries.