bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the structural, optical, mechanical, and electrical properties of PMMA/PU blend‐based nanocomposites with FeVO4 nanofiller for energy storage devices
Authors: Alghamdi Haifa Mohammed , Rajeh Abdelwahab 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe best materials for enhanced energy storage capacitors in electrical systems are polymer nanocomposites films. Therefore, using the solution casting approach, we created a unique series of FeVO4 nanofiller‐embedded polyurethane (PU) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)‐based composites. Various techniques were used to describe the prepared films. XRD spectra were used to assess the crystallinity and crystallite size of nanocomposites. The XRD spectra were used to assess the crystallinity and crystallite size of nanocomposites. With rising nanoparticles (NPs) content up to samples with 1.5 weight percent of FeVO4, XRD demonstrated an increase in the amorphous phase of the polymer mixture, which was further supported by UV–Vis measurements. FTIR was used for determining the complexation of the FeVO4 with the polymer mixture. Calculations were used to determine optical properties such as the Urbach energy and energy bandgap. With a rise in FeVO4 NP concentration, the energy bandgap decreases while the Urbach energy increases. All samples' AC conductivity spectra exhibit Jonscher's power law (JPL) behavior. Studies on dielectric permittivity and electric modulus have also been conducted in order to comprehend the charge storage characteristics and conductivity relaxation. Whereas the frequency‐dependent increase in AC electrical conductivity, the ε′ and ε″ of PU/PMMA–FeVO4 nanocomposites drop with the rising of the electric field frequency. The high level of FeVO4 was shown to improve the AC conductivity, ε′ and ε″ values of the nanocomposites. Tensile strength was improved by 38% with the addition of FeVO4 NPs into the PU/PMMA blend. Experimental outcomes show that these polymer nanocomposites materials are multifunctional and can be used as low‐permittivity nanodielectric insulators and substrates to design the next generation of flexible electronic devices and also there can be used to create a variety of advanced optoelectronic and organic electronic devices.
International consensus recommendations for the use of prolonged‐infusion beta‐lactam antibiotics: Endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Society of Critical Care Medicine, and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
Authors: Hong Lisa T. , Downes Kevin J. , FakhriRavari Alireza , Abdul‐Mutakabbir Jacinda C. , Kuti Joseph L. , Jorgensen Sarah , Young David C. , Alshaer Mohammad H. , Bassetti Matteo , Bonomo Robert A. , Gilchrist Mark , Jang Soo Min , Lodise Thomas , Roberts Jason A. , Tängdén Thomas , Zuppa Athena , Scheetz Marc H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntravenous β‐lactam antibiotics remain a cornerstone in the management of bacterial infections due to their broad spectrum of activity and excellent tolerability. β‐lactams are well established to display time‐dependent bactericidal activity, where reductions in bacterial burden are directly associated with the time that free drug concentrations remain above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the pathogen during the dosing interval. In an effort to take advantage of these bactericidal characteristics, prolonged (extended and continuous) infusions (PIs) can be applied during the administration of intravenous β‐lactams to increase time above the MIC. PI dosing regimens have been implemented worldwide, but implementation is inconsistent. We report consensus therapeutic recommendations for the use of PI β‐lactams developed by an expert international panel with representation from clinical pharmacy and medicine. This consensus guideline provides recommendations regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic targets, therapeutic drug‐monitoring considerations, and the use of PI β‐lactam therapy in the following patient populations: severely ill and nonseverely ill adult patients, pediatric patients, and obese patients. These recommendations provide the first consensus guidance for the use of β‐lactam therapy administered as PIs and have been reviewed and endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF), the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP).
Plasticity of root hair and rhizosheath traits and their relationship to phosphorus uptake in sorghum
Authors: Adu Michael O. , Zigah Nathaniel , Yawson David O. , Amoah Kwadwo K. , Afutu Emmanuel , Atiah Kofi , Darkwa Alfred A. , Asare Paul A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSorghum is an essential crop for resilient and adaptive responses to climate change. The root systems of crop plants significantly contribute to the tolerance of abiotic stresses. There is little information on sorghum genotypes' root systems and plasticity to external P supply. In this paper, we investigated the variations in root systems, as well as the responses, trait relationships, and plasticity of two sorghum genotypes (Naga Red and Naga White), popularly grown in Ghana, to five external P concentrations ([P]ext): 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg P kg−1 soil. Sorghum plants were grown in greenhouse pots and harvested for root trait measurements at the five‐leaf and growing point differentiation (GPD) developmental stages. The plants were responsive to [P]ext and formed rhizosheaths. The two genotypes showed similar characteristics for most of the traits measured but differed significantly in total and lateral root lengths in favor of the red genotype. For example, at the five‐leaf growth stage, the lateral root length of the red and white genotypes was 22.8 and 16.2 cm, respectively, but 124 and 88.9 cm, at the GPD stage. The responses and plasticity of the root system traits, including rhizosheath, to [P]ext were more prominent, positive, and linear at the five‐leaf stage than at the GPD growth stage. At the five‐leaf growth stage, total root length increased by about 2.5‐fold with increasing [P]ext compared to the unamended soil. At the GPD stage, however, total root length decreased by about 1.83‐fold as [P]ext increased compared to the unamended soil. Specific rhizosheath weight correlated with RHD, albeit weakly, and together explained up to 59% of the variation in tissue P. Root hair density was more responsive to P supply than root hair length and showed a similar total and lateral root length pattern. Most desirable responses to P occurred at a rate of 200–300 mg P kg−1 soil. It is concluded that sorghum would form rhizosheath, and [P]ext could be critical for the early vigorous growth of sorghum's responsive root and shoot traits. Beyond the early days of development, additional P application might be necessary to sustain the responses and plasticity observed during the early growth period, but this requires further investigation, potentially under field conditions.
The weaponization of platform governance: Mass reporting and algorithmic punishments in the creator economy
Authors: Meisner Colten 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmid wider discussions of online harassment on social media platforms, recent research has turned to the experiences of social media creators whose compulsory visibility renders them vulnerable to frequent attacks, ranging from persistent trolling to much more insidious, offline acts of violence. This study examines a contemporary form of harassment against social media creators known as “mass reporting,” or the targeted, automated flagging of creators' online content to trigger content takedowns and account bans. Mass reporting is particularly challenging for social media creators because of its weaponization of platform infrastructures for community governance, leaving creators with few avenues of support after orchestrated attacks and restricting their access to platform support. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with social media creators who have been subjected to mass reporting on their content, this study builds an understanding of the ways in which tools for platform governance, such as content reporting, can be weaponized to harass and introduce vulnerabilities for creators.
Explosion mitigation of methane–air mixture in combined application of HFC‐227ea/CO2 and ultrafine water mist in the pipeline
Authors: Yang Ke , Jia Yue , Ji Hong , Xing Zhixiang , Jiang Juncheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to reduce the power of methane explosion in natural gas pipelines and effectively improve the explosion suppression efficiency of a single explosion suppressant, we carry out the explosion suppression of HFC‐227ea/carbon dioxide mixed gas as well as mixed gas/ultrafine water mist through a self‐built methane explosion suppression experimental platform. Based on the changes in parameters such as explosion overpressure, flame propagation velocity, and flame propagation structure, the coupling mechanism of methane explosion suppression between mixed gases and between mixed gases and ultrafine water mist is revealed, which provides scientific support for promoting the development of methane explosion suppression technology. The experimental results show that when the mixed gas HFC‐227ea/carbon dioxide and ultrafine water mist synergistically suppresses methane explosion, the addition of the mixed gas can effectively improve the suppression effect of ultrafine water mist on methane explosion.
Curl condition: Existence of sub‐Hilbert space for molecular species or chemical processes
Authors: Sah Mantu Kumar , Mukherjee Soumya , Naskar Koushik , Hazra Saikat , Adhikari Satrajit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe “accuracy” of diabatic Hamiltonian matrix elements solely depends on the level of ab initio calculation and on the included set of coupled electronic manifold forming a “true” sub‐Hilbert space (SHS). If ab initio calculations are performed with enough accuracy, existence of SHS can be validated only when the Curl Condition attains zero within numerical precision. For the first time, we depict a theoretical and algorithmic formulation on the calculation of Curl Condition to demonstrate the existence of SHS on molecular processes or chemical reactions.
Transcytosis‐Inducing Multifunctional Albumin Nanomedicines with Deep Penetration Ability for Image‐Guided Solid Tumor Treatment
Authors: Lee Hyori , Park Byullee , Lee Jihye , Kang Yeoul , Han Moongyu , Lee Junseok , Kim Chulhong , Kim Won Jong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTranscytosis is an active transcellular transportation pathway that has garnered interest for overcoming the limited deep penetration of nanomedicines in solid tumors. In this study, a charge‐convertible nanomedicine that facilitates deep penetration into solid tumors via transcytosis is designed. It is an albumin‐based calcium phosphate nanomedicine loaded with IR820 (mAlb‐820@CaP) for high‐resolution photoacoustic imaging and enhanced photothermal therapy. Biomineralization on the surface stabilizes the albumin‐IR820 complex during circulation and provides calcium ions (Ca2+) for tissue penetration on degradation in an acidic environment. pH‐triggered transcytosis of the nanomedicine enabled by caveolae‐mediated endocytosis and calcium ion‐induced exocytosis in 2D cellular, 3D spheroid, and in vivo tumor models is demonstrated. Notably, the extravasation and penetration ability of the nanomedicine is observed in vivo using a high‐resolution photoacoustic system, and nanomedicine shows the most potent photothermal antitumor effect in vivo. Overall, the strategy provides a versatile theragnosis platform for both noninvasive photoacoustic imaging and high therapeutic efficiency resulting from deep penetration of nanomedicine.
Polarization‐Dependent Large Photorefractive Effect In A Wide Bandgap 2D Metal Halide Ferroelectric
Authors: Ma Yu , Li Wenjing , Liu Yi , Guo Wuqian , Xu Haojie , Han Shiguo , Tang Liwei , Fan Qingshun , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhotorefractive effect of ferroelectrics refers to the light‐induced change of refractive index, which is an optical controlling avenue in holographic storage and image processing. For most ferroelectrics, however, the small photorefractive effect (10−5–10−4) hinders their practical application and it is urgent to exploit new photorefractive system. Here, for the first time, strong photorefractive effects are achieved in a 2D metal‐halide ferroelectric, [CH3(CH2)3NH3]2(CH3NH3)Pb2Cl7 (1), showing large spontaneous polarization (≈4.1 µC cm−2) and wide optical bandgap (≈3.20 eV). Notably, under light irradiation, 1 enables a large variation of refractive indices up to ≈ 1× 10−3, being one order higher than the existing materials and comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art inorganic ferroelectrics. This intriguing photorefractive behavior involves with the sharp variation of polarization caused by photo‐pyroelectricity. As the first report of 2D metal‐halide photorefractive ferroelectric, this work sheds light on optical controlling of physical properties in electric‐ordered materials.
A mixture of glyphosate and 2,4‐D herbicides enhances the deleterious reproductive outcomes induced by Western diet in obese male mice
Authors: Valente Leticia Cardoso , de Matos Manoel Beatriz , Reis Ana Carolina Casali , Stein Julia , Jorge Bárbara Campos , Barbisan Luís Fernando , Romualdo Guilherme Ribeiro , Arena Arielle Cristina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe consumption of Western diet (WD) – enriched in fats and sugars – is associated with overweight, obesity and male reproductive disorders. In addition to WD intake, crops and dairy products display residues of herbicides, including glyphosate and 2,4‐D that are widely applied worldwide. The concomitant exposure to WD and herbicides – mimicking contemporary scenarios – is not fully investigated. Thus, we evaluated the effects of glyphosate and 2,4‐D, alone or in mixture, on WD‐induced alterations in the male genital system. Male C57BL6J mice were submitted to WD (chow containing 20% lard, 0.2% cholesterol, 20% sucrose, and high sugar solution with 23.1 and 18.9 g/L of D‐fructose and D‐glucose) for 6 months. Concomitantly to WD, the animals received glyphosate (0.05, 5, or 50 mg/kg/day), 2,4‐D (0.02, 2 or 20 mg/kg/day) or their mixture (0, 05 + 0.02, 5 + 2, or 50 + 20 mg/kg/day) by intragastrical administration (5×/week). Doses were based on Acceptable Daily Intake (ADIs) or No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) values. Herbicide exposure did not alter the WD‐induced obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. WD induced sperm cell abnormalities, reduced the number, volume and area of Leydig cells, enhanced the frequency of epididymal abnormalities, decreased the proliferation in both germinal and epididymal epithelia, and reduced the number of androgen receptor (AR) positive epididymal cells. Remarkably, the herbicide mixtures promoted such WD‐induced effects: increased the frequency of sperm cell and epididymal abnormalities (absence of sperm, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and clear cell hypertrophy) (5 + 2 and 50 + 20 doses); decreased Leydig cell nuclei volume and area (5 + 2 and 50 + 20 doses), reduced epididymal cell proliferation (all mixtures), and AR expression (50 + 20 dose). In addition, herbicide mixtures reduced serum testosterone levels (5 + 2 and 50 + 20 doses). Our findings indicate that the mixture of glyphosate and 2,4‐D herbicides, mimicking environmentally relevant scenarios, promotes WD‐induced changes in the male genital system.
Population Dynamics and Their Components
Authors: Doignon Yoann , Blöss-Widmer Isabelle , Ambrosetti Elena , Oliveau Sébastien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Mediterranean has an average annual population growth rate of around 1%, which is about the same as the world population growth rate. With a few rare exceptions, this growth is not principally fuelled by migration flows. However, it is closely linked to the demographic transition still underway in many Southern and Eastern Mediterranean Countries, i.e. by the excess of births over deaths (natural balance). In these countries, average annual natural change of about 1.6% (higher than the world average and a fortiori that of the Mediterranean as a whole) have been observed. This chapter gives an account of the evolution of the differentiated growth rates of the populations of the Mediterranean region since the 1950s, distinguishing between the development of natural, migration and overall growth rates. This will make it possible to characterise the countries whose growth has been stimulated more by natural than migration growth depending on the period, thus heralding the sustainability of future growth rates. To achieve this, the chapter will propose a ranking of growth rates for different countries over time, as well as the expected developments in terms of projections while discussing the assumptions.
Why a Re-theorisation of More-than-Parental Involvement in ECEC Is Needed
Authors: Sadownik Alicja R. , Višnjić Jevtić Adrijana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis introductory chapter begins with the critical presentation of the concept of parental involvement (PI) as one implying a “democratic deficit” that builds on educational experts’ protectorate approach towards families. This aspect of PI is traced back to its history, and regardless of its colonial roots, we argue that we should not give up on this sense of PI. Based on a strong political will that can be traced in policy documents in all regions of the world, together with existing research reporting on the importance of acknowledging the democratic and culturally responsive practices of PI, we redefine PI as part of a search for theoretisations of hope, by which we mean the conceptual toolkits that acknowledge parental participation and provide room for more-than-parental involvement and agonism/disagreements. This introduction concludes with an overview of the remaining chapters in the book, as well as some information about the ethical details related to the empirical examples used later in the book.
The pion-kaon scattering amplitude and the $$ {K}_0^{\ast }(700) $$ and K∗(892) resonances at finite temperature
Authors: Nicola A. Gómez , de Elvira J. Ruiz , Vioque-Rodríguez A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We perform a complete calculation of the pion-kaon scattering amplitude in Chiral Perturbation Theory at finite temperature, paying particular attention to the analytic structure of the amplitude and the main differences with respect to the zero temperature case. We also extend the Inverse Amplitude Method at finite temperature for unequal-mass scattering processes, which allows us to unitarize the amplitude and obtain the thermal evolution of the $$ {K}_0^{\ast }(700) $$

K
0
∗

700

and K∗(892) pole parameters. As a direct application of our analysis, we show that the thermal evolution of the $$ {K}_0^{\ast }(700) $$

K
0
∗

700

resonance is crucial to explain the behavior of the scalar susceptibility for isospin I = 1/2, which in turn, is directly connected with chiral and U(1)A restoration properties of the QCD phase diagram.
Ising field theory in a magnetic field: φ3 coupling at T > Tc
Authors: Xu Hao-Lan , Zamolodchikov Alexander 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study the “three particle coupling”$$ {\Gamma}_{11}^1\left(\xi \right) $$Γ111ξ, in 2dIsing Field Theory in a magnetic field, as the function of the scaling parameterξ:=h/(−m)15/8, wherem∼Tc−Tandh∼Hare scaled deviation from the critical temperature and scaled external field, respectively. The “φ3coupling”$$ {\Gamma}_{11}^1 $$Γ111is defined in terms of the residue of the 2 → 2 elastic scattering amplitude at its pole associated with the lightest particle itself. We limit attention to the High-Temperature domain, so thatmis negative. We suggest “standard analyticity”:$$ {\left({\Gamma}_{11}^1\right)}^2 $$Γ1112, as the function ofu:=ξ2, is analytic in the whole complexu-plane except for the branch cut from – ∞ to –u0≈ – 0.03585, the latter branching point –u0being associated with the Yang-Lee edge singularity. Under this assumption, the values of$$ {\Gamma}_{11}^1 $$Γ111at any complexuare expressed through the discontinuity across the branch cut. We suggest approximation for this discontinuity which accounts for singular expansion of$$ {\Gamma}_{11}^1 $$Γ111near the Yang-Lee branching point, as well as its known asymptotic atu →+∞. The resulting dispersion relation agrees well with known exact data, and with numerics obtained via Truncated Free Fermion Space Approach. This work is part of extended project of studying the S-matrix of the Ising Field Theory in a magnetic field.
Memory for abstract control states does not decay with increasing retrieval delays
Authors: Schiltenwolf Moritz , Kiesel Andrea , Frings Christian , Dignath David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that abstract control states (i.e., internal attentional states independent from concrete stimuli and responses) can be stored in episodic memory and retrieved subsequently. However, the duration of such a control state memory remains unclear. Previous research has found a quick and complete decay for stimulus–response bindings after 2000–5000 ms. Here, we tested a possible decay of control state bindings with retrieval delays of 2000, 3000, or 5000 ms. Five preregistered experiments used a confound-minimized prime-target task to measure the congruency sequence effect (CSE) separately for trials in which a nominally irrelevant context feature changed or repeated across trials. Analyses of the individual experiments did not result in conclusive evidence. A mega-analysis integrating the data of all experiments (Ntotal = 326) replicated evidence for binding and retrieval of control states, in that larger CSEs were found for context repetition trials. Importantly, Bayesian analysis indicated that this effect was not modulated by the length of retrieval delay. While this finding suggests that bindings of abstract control states can be relatively robust, we also discuss possible limitations of the present research.