bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual malaria transmission and the role of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles melas in central Senegal
Authors: Sy Ousmane , Sarr Pape C , Assogba Benoit S , Nourdine Mouhamed A , Ndiaye Assane , Konaté Lassana , Faye Ousmane , Donnelly Martin J , Gaye Oumar , Weetman David , Niang Elhadji A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding the behavior and ecology of local malaria vectors is essential for the effectiveness of the commonly used vector-targeted malaria control tools in areas of low malaria transmission. This study was conducted to determine species composition, biting behavior and infectivity of the major Anopheles vectors of Plasmodium falciparum in low transmission settings in central Senegal. Adult mosquitoes were collected using human landing catches during 2 consecutive nights and Pyrethrum Spray Catches in 30–40 randomly selected rooms, from July 2017 to December 2018 in 3 villages. Anopheline mosquitoes were morphologically identified using conventional keys; their reproductive status assessed by ovary dissections, and a sub-sample of Anopheles gambiae s.l. were identified to species level using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasmodium sporozoite infections were detected using real-time quantitative PCR. During this study 3684 Anopheles were collected of which 97% were An. gambiae s.l., 0.6% were Anopheles funestus, and 2.4% were Anopheles pharoensis. Molecular identification of 1,877 An. gambiae s.l. revealed a predominance of Anopheles arabiensis (68.7%), followed by Anopheles melas (28.8%), and Anopheles coluzzii (2.1%). The overall human-biting rate of An. gambiae s.l. was highest in the inland site of Keur Martin with 4.92 bites per person per night, while it was similar in the deltaic site, Diofior (0.51) and the coastal site, Mbine Coly (0.67). Parity rates were similar in An. arabiensis (45%) and An. melas (42%). Sporozoite infections were detected in both An. arabiensis and An. melas with the respective infection rates of 1.39% (N = 8) and 0.41% (N = 1). Results suggest that low residual malaria in central Senegal is transmitted by An. arabiensis and An. melas. Consequently, both vectors will need to be targeted as part of malaria elimination efforts in this area of Senegal.
A new host record of Haemaphysalis semermis (Acari: Ixodidae) from the domestic cat (Felis catus) (Carnivora: Felidae) in Orang Asli village, Pahang National Park Malaysia
Authors: Kazim A R , Shezryna S , Azdayanti M , Houssaini J , Tappe D , Heo C C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We report the presence of a male Haemaphysalis semermis collected from the domestic cat, Felis catus in an aboriginal village located in Pahang, Malaysia. This paper constitutes a new host record of this tick species, and also the first documentation of the infestation of companion animals other than domestic dogs (Canis lupus) by H. semermis in Malaysia. Additionally, we have included an updated host index of the tick species in Southeast Asia.
Migratory biliary stent resulting in colonic perforation: a rare complication and review of literature
Authors: Wilson Zachary , Diab Jason , Putnis Soni 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiliary stent insertion during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is used as a therapeutic intervention allowing flow of bile into the duodenum. In rare circumstances, distal gastrointestinal perforation can be attributed to a migrated biliary stent, with the most common site being the sigmoid colon. In these cases, surgical and/or endoscopic intervention may be required. We report a case of a 98-year-old male presenting with small bowel obstruction secondary to migrated plastic and metal biliary stents placed for acute biliary pancreatitis. Due to advanced age and high-risk multiple comorbidities, conservative management was undertaken. The patient was discharged after 5 days after ongoing pain and obstipation with palliative care services in place.
Diagnostic Performance of 10 Mathematical Formulae for Identifying Blood Donors with Thalassemia Trait
Authors: Noulsri Egarit , Lerdwana Surada , Palasuwan Duangdao , Palasuwan Attakorn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
To compare the diagnostic performance of 10 mathematical formulae for identifying thalassemia trait in blood donors.

Methods
Compete blood counts were conducted on peripheral blood specimens using the UniCel DxH 800 hematology analyzer. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each mathematical formula.

Results
In the 66 donors with thalassemia and 288 subjects with no thalassemia analyzed, donors with thalassemia trait had lower values for mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin than subjects without thalassemia donors (77 fL vs 86 fL [P &lt; .001]; 25 pg vs 28 pg [P &lt; .001]). The formula developed by Shine and Lal in 1977 showed the highest area under the curve value, namely, 0.9. At the cutoff value of &lt;1812, this formula had maximum specificity of 82.35% and sensitivity of 89.58%.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that the Shine and Lal formula has remarkable diagnostic performance in identifying donors with underlying thalassemia trait.
Intersections of Forgiveness And ‘Queer Use’ In T.S. Eliot’s ‘Marina’
Authors: Kundu Tanya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recent literary and theological accounts of forgiveness have appealed to the poetic as offering an ‘ambiguous’ space appropriate to the complex process of forgiving. In this article I will texture these accounts with a close reading of T.S. Eliot’s ‘Marina’, which is well-placed as an example of this style of poetics. Beyond ambiguity, however, ‘Marina’ communicates an account of forgiveness that can be read generatively alongside Sara Ahmed’s category of ‘queer use’. The poetics of ‘Marina’ will thereby provide a conceptual pattern for a movement towards healing, beyond painful histories, without erasing the past. This, in turn, will highlight the importance of Ahmed’s ‘queer use’ for contemporary theological accounts of forgiveness.
“Judea Declares War on Britain”: The Impact of American Jewish Anti-Nazi Protests on the Struggle for a Jewish State, 1945–1948
Authors: Norwood Stephen H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
American Jews’ mass protests against Nazi antisemitism, begun soon after Hitler assumed power, provided a major impetus to, and model for, the post–World War II drive to establish a Jewish state. This postwar agitation had a considerable impact because, after the Holocaust, the Jewish population in the United States far exceeded that of any other country. The mass demonstrations of 1945–1948 were as large as those of the 1930s, even reaching 250,000, and in both periods, it was working- and lower–middle-class Jews who provided the intense commitment and huge numbers that proved critically important. Many speakers who had addressed the anti-Nazi rallies were featured at the postwar demonstrations for a Jewish state. Now promoting Zionist goals, American Jews turned to work stoppages, neighborhood rallies, and boycotts—resuming tactics deployed in the anti-Nazi campaign. Similarly, American Jews’ grassroots 1930s campaign to transport Jewish children from Nazi Germany to Palestine resurfaced after the Holocaust as a drive to generate mass support for the Haganah’s efforts to run Jewish displaced persons through the British blockade of Palestine. To great effect, American Zionists also frequently drew parallels between the Nazis’ actions and the British treatment of Jews in displaced persons camps, on refugee ships, and in the Yishuv.
Satmar and Neturei Karta: Jews Against Zionism
Authors: Keren-Kratz Menachem 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Throughout history, many Jewish laymen and rabbis have objected to the collective return of the Jews to the Land of Israel, particularly if it was motivated by nationalistic rather than religious reasons. They did so for many reasons, the most persistent of which relied on a religious rationale. Anti-Zionist stands were voiced by both ends of the religious spectrum: the radical Reform on the one hand, and the ultra-Orthodox on the other. Following the establishment of the State of Israel, expressing anti-Zionist and anti-Israeli stands has become a routine practice among some Reform groups, as well as among several ultra-Orthodox communities among which Satmar is the most influential one. However, Neturei Karta’s position advocating Israel’s annihilation and their open support for Israel’s worst enemies has almost no parallel on the Reform side. During the twenty-first century, Neturei Karta’s anti-Zionist activities have become even more vehement. On top of the ordinary anti-Israel demonstrations side by side with supporters of Hamas, the PLO, or BDS, they have also participated in international conferences which promote Holocaust denial; visited Iran and met with its leaders who threaten to annihilate Israel; and rejected Israel’s raison d’être, claiming that Zionist leaders intentionally caused the Holocaust.
Updated radial velocities and new constraints on the nature of the unseen source in NGC1850 BH1
Authors: Saracino S , Shenar T , Kamann S , Bastian N , Gieles M , Usher C , Bodensteiner J , Kochoska A , Orosz J A , Sana H 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A black hole candidate orbiting a luminous star in the Large Magellanic Cloud young cluster NGC 1850 (∼100 Myr) has recently been reported based on radial velocity and light-curve modelling. Subsequently, an alternative explanation has been suggested for the system: a bloated post-mass transfer secondary star (Minitial ∼ 4–5 M⊙ and Mcurrent ∼ 1–2 M⊙) with a more massive, yet luminous companion (the primary). Upon reanalysis of the MUSE spectra, we found that the radial velocity variations originally reported were underestimated (K2, revised = 176 ± 3 km s−1 versus K2, original = 140 ± 3 km s−1) because of the weighting scheme adopted in the full-spectrum fitting analysis. The increased radial velocity semi-amplitude translates into a system mass function larger than previously deduced (frevised = 2.83 M⊙versus foriginal = 1.42 M⊙). By exploiting the spectral disentangling technique, we place an upper limit of 10 per cent of a luminous primary source to the observed optical light in NGC1850 BH1, assuming that the primary and secondary are the only components contributing to the system. Furthermore, by analysing archival near-infrared data, we find clues to the presence of an accretion disc in the system. These constraints support a low-mass post-mass transfer star but do not provide a definitive answer whether the unseen component in NGC1850 BH1 is indeed a black hole. These results predict a scenario where, if a primary luminous source of mass M ≥ 4.7 M⊙ is present in the system (given the inclination and secondary mass constraints), it must be hidden in a optically thick disc to be undetected in the MUSE spectra.
LRG-BEASTS: evidence for clouds in the transmission spectrum of HATS-46 b
Authors: Ahrer E , Wheatley P J , Gandhi S , Kirk J , King G W , Louden T , Welbanks L 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe have performed low-resolution ground-based spectroscopy of HATS-46 b in transmission, using the EFOSC2 instrument on the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT). HATS-46 b is a highly inflated exoplanet that is a prime target for transmission spectroscopy, having a Jupiter-like radius (0.95 RJup) but a much lower mass (0.16 MJup). It orbits a G-type star with a 4.7 d period, giving an equilibrium temperature of 1100 K. We observed one transit of HATS-46 b with the NTT, with the time-series spectra covering a wavelength range of 3900–9000 Å at a resolution (R) of ∼380. We achieved a remarkably precise transmission spectrum of 1.03 × photon noise, with a median uncertainty of 357 ppm for ∼200 Å-wide bins, despite the relative faintness of the host star with Vmag = 13.6. The transmission spectrum does not show strong absorption features and retrievals favour a cloudy model, ruling out a clear atmosphere with 3.0σ confidence. We also place a conservative upper limit on the sodium abundance under the alternative scenario of a clear atmosphere. This is the eighth planet in the LRG-BEASTS (Low-Resolution Ground-Based Exoplanet Atmosphere Survey using Transmission Spectroscopy) survey, which uses 4 m-class telescopes such as the NTT to obtain low-resolution transmission spectra of hot Jupiters with precisions of around one atmospheric scale height.
A preliminary investigation of the empirical relationship between small-amplitude Forbush Decreases and solar wind disturbances
Authors: Menteso F M , Chukwude A E , Okike O , Alhassan J A 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTHigh-magnitude (amplitude $\le -3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) Forbush decreases (FDs) are generally employed by researchers investigating the solar-terrestrial connection mechanisms. Although it has been observed that small-amplitude FDs are relatively important as they may be the outcome of the response of cosmic ray time-intensity variations to solar ejections that generate interplanetary and solar wind plasma disturbances, empirical relations between weak FDs and solar-terrestrial parameters are rarely tested. In an attempt to analyse the suggested strong connections between weak FDs and solar-terrestrial phenomena, we employed some comparatively more efficient, accurate, and highly sensitive versions of the recently developed computer FD event selection software. Large catalogues of low-amplitude (FD(per cent) ≥−3) Forbush events were selected from Apatity, Moscow, Newark, and Oulu NMs. These catalogues allow us to test, for the first time, the empirical relations between small-amplitude FDs and solar wind data. We find significant negative correlations between solar wind speed (SWS) and the small FDs at OULU, NWRK, and MOSC stations. While the relation at OULU is strong and statistically significant at 95 per cent confidence level, the weak correlation at NWRK and MOSC is only significant at a 90 per cent level. The negative correlation between the small events at OULU and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is also significant at the a 95 per cent level. The relation between SWS and IMF and high-amplitude FDs were also tested, and the correlation coefficients were negative, strong, and statistically significant at a 99.9 per cent level of significance.
Bright extragalactic ALMA redshift survey (BEARS) III: detailed study of emission lines from 71Herscheltargets
Authors: Hagimoto M , Bakx T J L C , Serjeant S , Bendo G J , Urquhart S A , Eales S , Harrington K C , Tamura Y , Umehata H , Berta S , Cooray A R , Cox P , De Zotti G , Lehnert M D , Riechers D A , Scott D , Temi P , van der Werf P P , Yang C , Amvrosiadis A , Andreani P M , Baker A J , Beelen A , Borsato E , Buat V , Butler K M , Dannerbauer H , Dunne L , Dye S , Enia A F M , Fan L , Gavazzi R , González-Nuevo J , Harris A I , Herrera C N , Hughes D H , Ismail D , Ivison R J , Jones B , Kohno K , Krips M , Lagache G , Marchetti L , Massardi M , Messias H , Negrello M , Neri R , Omont A , Perez-Fournon I , Sedgwick C , Smith M W L , Stanley F , Verma A , Vlahakis C , Ward B , Weiner C , Weiß A , Young A J 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe analyse the molecular and atomic emission lines of 71 bright Herschel-selected galaxies between redshifts 1.4 and 4.6 detected by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. These lines include a total of 156 CO, [C i], and H2O emission lines. For 46 galaxies, we detect two transitions of CO lines, and for these galaxies we find gas properties similar to those of other dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) samples. A comparison to photodissociation models suggests that most of Herschel-selected galaxies have similar interstellar medium conditions as local infrared-luminous galaxies and high-redshift DSFGs, although with denser gas and more intense far-ultraviolet radiation fields than normal star-forming galaxies. The line luminosities agree with the luminosity scaling relations across five orders of magnitude, although the star formation and gas surface density distributions (i.e. Schmidt–Kennicutt relation) suggest a different star formation phase in our galaxies (and other DSFGs) compared to local and low-redshift gas-rich, normal star-forming systems. The gas-to-dust ratios of these galaxies are similar to Milky Way values, with no apparent redshift evolution. Four of 46 sources appear to have CO line ratios in excess of the expected maximum (thermalized) profile, suggesting a rare phase in the evolution of DSFGs. Finally, we create a deep stacked spectrum over a wide rest-frame frequency (220–890 GHz) that reveals faint transitions from HCN and CH, in line with previous stacking experiments.
The shape distribution of superclusters in SDSS DR12
Authors: Bag Satadru , Liivamägi Lauri Juhan , Einasto Maret 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTGalaxy superclusters, the largest galaxy structures in the cosmic web, are formed due to the gravitational collapse (although they are not usually gravitationally bound). Their geometrical properties can shed light on the structure formation process on cosmological scales, hence on the fundamental properties of gravity itself. In this work we study the distributions of the shape, topology, and morphology of the superclusters extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12 (SDSS DR12) main galaxy sample and defined in two different ways – using fixed and adaptive density threshold in the luminosity-density field. To assess the geometry and topology of each individual supercluster, we employ Minkowski functionals and Shapefinders, precisely calculated by the shape diagnostic tool SURFGEN2. Both supercluster samples produce similar shape distributions. Perhaps not surprisingly, most superclusters are spherical in shape with trivial topology. However, large superclusters with volumes V ≳ 104 Mpc3 are statistically found to be filamentary with non-zero genus values. The results, supercluster catalogues and shape distributions are publicly available.
Unravelling the secrets of blazar OT 081: a multiwavelength investigation
Authors: Deng Junhao , Jiang Yunguo 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTOT 081 is a low-synchrotron-peaked (LSP) frequency blazar target, and has strong emission in the γ-ray band. In July 2016, a significant short-term flare was observed in the optical, X-ray and γ-ray bands. In addition, a long-term orphan flare was observed in the X-ray band from 2009 to 2012. Using the multiwavelength data, we investigate the origin of these two flares and the emission mechanism of γ-ray photons. According to the correlation analysis, we suggest that both flares may have originated from the formation of the new dissipation zones within the jet rather than the change of Doppler factor. The 2016 short-term flare happens on small-scale dissipation zone, while the long-term X-ray flare originates from large scale dissipation zone. Furthermore, we study the spectral energy distribution (SED) to investigate whether the broad-line region (BLR) and the dust torus can provide enough external photons to explain the γ-ray emission of the 2016 flare within the leptonic scenario. We find that the 2016 flare can be explained when the scale of the newly formed dissipation zone is comparable to that of BLR. For the 2009–2012 orphan X-ray flare, we suggest that it may be dominated by the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) process in a newly formed dissipation zone at pc scale, since both the magnetic field and the external soft photon field energy density are small enough at this region. In summary, the emission mechanism of OT 081 could be explained in the leptonic scenario.
Simulations of pre-supernova feedback in spherical clouds
Authors: Kourniotis M , Wünsch R , Martínez-González S , Palouš J , Tenorio-Tagle G , Ehlerová S 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a 1D radiation-hydrodynamic model of a spherically symmetric cloud evolving under the influence of the self-gravity and the feedback from a star cluster forming in its centre. On one hand, the model is simple due to its 1D geometry, on the other hand, the feedback includes the ionizing radiation, stellar winds and the radiation pressure acting on gas and dust. The star cluster is formed from the gas flowing into the cloud centre and the feedback parameters are determined from stellar evolution models and the cluster star forming history. The model is compared to the semi-analytic code warpfield implementing similar physical processes and exploring the scenario that the young cluster R136 in the Large Magellanic Cloud was formed due to re-collapse of the shell formed by the previous generation star cluster. A good qualitative agreement is found, however, 3−4 times higher stellar mass is needed to disrupt the cloud in our model, because it takes into account (contrary to warpfield) self-gravity of the cloud surrounding the shell. We use the model to explore star formation in clouds with different mass, radius and density profile measuring their star formation efficiency (SFE), i.e. the fraction of the cloud mass converted to stars. We found that SFE is a function of a single parameter, $\mathrm{log(SFE)} \propto -n_{\text{hm}}^{-0.46}$, with nhm being the cloud mean particle density within its half-mass radius. Furthermore, we found that the feedback efficiency, i.e. a fraction of the feedback energy retained by gas, has a nearly constant value ∼10−3.
Evolution of binary stars in the early evolutionary phases of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
Authors: Livernois Alexander R , Vesperini Enrico , Pavlík Václav 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The dynamics of binary stars provides a unique avenue to gather insight into the study of the structure and dynamics of star clusters and galaxies. In this paper, we present the results of a set of N-body simulations aimed at exploring the evolution of binary stars during the early evolutionary phases of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFD). In our simulations, we assume that the stellar component of the UFD is initially dynamically cold and evolves towards its final equilibrium after undergoing the violent relaxation phase. We show that the early evolutionary phases of the UFD significantly enhance the disruption of wide binaries and leave their dynamical fingerprints on the semimajor axis distribution of the surviving binaries as compared to models initially in equilibrium. An initially thermal eccentricity distribution is preserved except for the widest binaries for which it evolves towards a superthermal distribution; for a binary population with an initially uniform eccentricity distribution, memory of this initial distribution is rapidly lost for most binaries as wider binaries evolve to approach a thermal/superthermal distribution. The evolution of binaries is driven both by tidal effects due to the potential of the UFD dark matter halo and collisional effects associated to binary–binary/single star encounters. Collisional effects are particularly important within the clumpy substructure characterizing the system during its early evolution; in addition to enhancing binary ionization and evolution of the binary orbital parameters, encounters may lead to exchanges of either of the primordial binary components with one of the interacting stars.