bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catastrophic bleaching in protected reefs of the Southern Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Byrne Maria , Waller Alexander , Clements Matthew , Kelly Aisling S. , Kingsford Michael J. , Liu Bailu , Reymond Claire E. , Vila‐Concejo Ana , Webb Monique , Whitton Kate , Foo Shawna A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe iconic Great Barrier Reef (GBR) experienced mass coral bleaching in early 2024. In the southern GBR, heat stress triggered severe and widespread bleaching to levels not previously recorded and impacted a diverse range of coral genera at One Tree Reef (OTR). Over 161 d, we tracked the health of 462 coral colonies from heatwave peak to autumn and winter cooling. In February and April, 66% and 80% of the colonies were bleached, respectively. By May, 44% of the bleached colonies were dead and 53% in July. In July, 31% of colonies were still bleached and 16% recovered. Goniopora developed black band disease contributing to high mortality. Colony collapse occurred in Acropora (95% mortality) with accumulation of algal‐fouled fragments. In‐water tracking of individual colonies showed rapid bleaching, disease onset and mortality. The protected status and offshore location did not protect OTR from heat stress bleaching and mortality.
Moving from a registry to a learning health system: A case study of a Dutch prostate cancer registry
Authors: Belleman Tom , van Wijngaarden Jeroen D. H. , Kuppen Malou C. P. , de Groot Saskia , van der Velden Kim J. M. , Bosch Dianne , van Oort Inge M. , Uyl‐de Groot Carin A. , van Deen Welmoed K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionLearning health systems (LHSs) are systems that seamlessly embed continuous quality improvement based on real‐world data. To establish LHSs, several infrastructures need to be in place. Registries already have part(s) of this infrastructure and could therefore be leveraged to establish LHSs. This study aims to identify key factors facilitating the transition of registries into LHS to support continuous learning from real‐world data.MethodsEleven interviews with 12 stakeholders, including medical specialists and nonmedical stakeholders, were conducted in the context of a prostate cancer registry. Findings were coded deductively based on seven previously identified facilitators for learning: complexity, relative advantage, compatibility, credibility, social impact, actionability, and resource match. These facilitators cover technical, social, and organizational aspects. An inductive phase followed to pinpoint factors for continuous learning and LHSs. Subsequently, two focus groups were conducted to ensure accurate interpretation of findings, and five expert panels to provide additional context.ResultsComplexity within healthcare systems emerged as a significant challenge, attributed to multiple stakeholders and the rapidly changing healthcare landscape. The advantage of LHSs is the timely availability of population‐based data for real‐time care adjustments. Compatibility of the system with stakeholders' needs was considered pivotal requiring a relatively flexible infrastructure. Credibility of data and results was supported by creating transparent processes in which stakeholders could review data from their own patient population. Social influences, including interpersonal trust and engaged leadership, fostered collaboration within LHSs. Actionability of the findings and resource match were vital for knowledge translation and sustainability.ConclusionOur findings provide practical recommendations to support registries in transitioning towards LHSs by leveraging and expanding their infrastructure for continuous learning. We identified technical, interpersonal, and organizational factors that facilitate continuous and rapid learning using real‐world data, create transparent and collaborative infrastructures, and help to navigate the complexity of the healthcare system.
A Versatile Nonconventional Luminescent Material Based on Quaternary Ammonium Chitosan for Sodium Chlorite Detection and Cell Imaging
Authors: Jiang Chenjie , Mei Chanming , Zou Linmin , Gong Yongyang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNonconventional luminescent materials (NLMs) lacking extended π‐conjugated systems present a burgeoning field with vast potential applications in cell image, and chemical sensing. This work explores the synthesis, characterization, and promising applications of a novel NLM quaternary ammonium chitosan (QCS), in bioimaging and selective chemical sensing where solutions exhibit remarkable tunability in their photophysical properties, influenced by concentration, excitation wavelength, and temperature. Notably, applying static pressure to the solid sample significantly enhances its luminous efficiency, rising from 2.15% to 2.59%, inducing a redshift in emission, emission shifting from 436 to 452 nm after the force action. Furthermore, QCS demonstrates a highly specific fluorescent response toward sodium chlorite (NaClO₂) with negligible interference from common cations and anions. The detection limit for NaClO₂ reaches a low 0.297 mg L−1, highlighting its potential for practical applications. Additionally, QCS exhibits excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, making it a compelling candidate for cellular imaging.
Sampling in Shift‐Invariant Spaces Generated by Hilbert Space‐Valued Functions
Authors: Hasan Ali Biswas Md , Joy Rohan , Krahmer Felix , Radha Ramakrishnan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate the problem of sampling and reconstruction in principal shift‐invariant spaces generated by Hilbert space‐valued functions. Given any signal and data point , the sample is stored along a sequence of directions . Specifically, the inner products are stored. First, we define what we mean by a stable set of sampling and provide equivalent conditions for proving that a given set is a stable set of sampling. We then present a reconstruction formula for from its integer samples . Finally, we address the cases of perturbed and irregular sampling, examining their impact on the reconstruction process.
Motivators and Barriers to Seeking Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Among Adolescents: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Allicock Marlyn A. , Francis Jackson M. , Braxton Rashon , Polavarapu Dhatri , Misserian Maral , Mathew M. Sunil , Wheelington Alicia , Cartwright Bethany R. , Qureshi Faisal G. , Barlow Sarah E. , Messiah Sarah E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe prevalence of severe obesity among adolescents has increased the use of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) as a therapeutic option. Understanding factors influencing adolescent MBS choice and the support needed to undergo MBS is crucial for improving health outcomes. This study examines the motivations and support needs of a diverse sample of adolescents seeking MBS via the patient voice.MethodsAdolescents (n = 14) at a weight loss surgery clinic in a large academic healthcare system participated in qualitative interviews. Of the participants, 10 were female, 6 were non‐Hispanic Black, 3 were non‐Hispanic White, and 5 were Hispanic. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed.ResultsThree themes emerged: Intrinsic motivators, extrinsic motivators, and barriers. Intrinsic motivators include personal physical and mental health goals. Extrinsic motivators involved family and medical team support, which provided encouragement, validation, and perceived confidence for lifestyle changes. Additionally, observing family members who previously completed MBS was a significant extrinsic motivator. Concerns included fear of dying/complications from MBS, and possible weight regain post‐MBS.ConclusionAdolescent MBS programs should enhance intrinsic motivation for behavior changes. Findings highlight opportunities for bolstering support pre‐ and post‐MBS and addressing MBS‐related anxieties related to long‐term weight management.
Enhancing Small‐for‐Gestational‐Age Prediction: Multi‐Country Validation of Nuchal Thickness, Estimated Fetal Weight, and Machine Learning Models
Authors: Deng Jiaxuan , Naresh Sethi Neha Sethi A/P. , Ahmad Kamar Azanna , Saaid Rahmah , Loo Chu Kiong , Mattar Citra Nurfarah Zaini , Jalil Nurul Syazwani , Saw Shier Nee 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe first objective is to develop a nuchal thickness reference chart. The second objective is to compare rule‐based algorithms and machine learning models in predicting small‐for‐gestational‐age infants.MethodThis retrospective study involved singleton pregnancies at University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia, developed a nuchal thickness chart and evaluated its predictive value for small‐for‐gestational‐age using Malaysian and Singapore cohorts. Predictive performance using conjunctive (AND)/disjunctive (OR) rule‐based algorithms was assessed. Seven machine learning models were trained on Malaysia data and evaluated on both Malaysia and Singapore cohorts.Results5519 samples were collected from the University Malaya Medical Centre. Small‐for‐gestational‐age infants exhibit significantly lower nuchal thickness (small‐for‐gestational‐age: 4.57 [1.04] mm, appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age: 4.86 [1.06] mm, p < 0.001). Implementing disjunctive rule (nuchal thickness < 10th centile or estimated fetal weight < 10th centile) significantly improved small‐for‐gestational‐age prediction across all growth charts, with balanced accuracy gains of 5.83% in Malaysia (p < 0.05) and 7.75% in Singapore. The best model for predicting small‐for‐gestational‐age was: logistic regression with five variables (abdominal circumference, femur length, nuchal thickness, maternal age, and ultrasound‐confirmed gestational age), which achieved an area under the curve of 0.75 for Malaysia cohorts; support vector machine with all variables, achieved area under the curve of 0.81 for Singapore cohorts.ConclusionsSmall‐for‐gestational‐age infants demonstrate significantly reduced second‐trimester nuchal thickness. Employing the disjunctive rule enhanced small‐for‐gestational‐age prediction. Logistic regression and support vector machines show superior performance among all models, highlighting the advantages of machine learning. Larger prospective studies are needed to assess clinical utility.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza in the urban jungle: Glomeromycotina communities of the dominant city tree across Amsterdam
Authors: Verbeek Casper T. , Gomes Sofia I. F. , Merckx Vincent S. T. F. 
Published: January 2025

Societal Impact StatementTrees in cities provide a great number of benefits to people and nature, but they are challenged by harsh conditions. Trees rely on helpful fungi in their roots to get essential nutrients from the soil, but we do not know which of these fungi are resistant to city landscapes. By studying these fungi, we can learn how their communities are affected by cities and which of them survive best there. Understanding this can help us develop effective ways to make use of these microbes or to improve city conditions for the benefit of urban trees and their fungi and, therefore, us.Summary
Urban trees are important green features in cities. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in roots may alleviate urban environmental pressures affecting urban trees. These pressures also appear detrimental for AMF, reducing root colonization rates, spore production and spore diversity. However, a limited number of molecular studies on urban AMF contrast these findings, but the matter remains unresolved. Therefore, we investigated the hitherto understudied AMF communities in the roots of urban trees, their diversity, spatial and neighbouring‐tree effects and interaction networks.
We did this by metabarcoding fungi from tree roots across an urbanization gradient in Amsterdam (the Netherlands), focussing on Dutch elm (Ulmus x hollandica). Samples were collected from three urbanization classes, differentiated by the degree of soil sealing and management: an urban forest, park and street. In the urban forest and park, root samples were collected in a grid, allowing the construction of interaction networks and assessment of neighbouring‐tree root effects, whereas the street trees stood in solitary pits.
Using the ITS2 barcode, we detect distinct, diverse and heterogenous AMF communities. The (phylogenetic) diversity of AMF increased with urbanization. Contrary to our expectations, we found no evidence that AMF communities in street trees were more spatially homogenous. Moreover, neighbouring root diversity did not appear to affect AMF diversity.
Our findings suggest a strong response of AMF communities to urbanization. An urban‐induced change in mycorrhizal partners, rather than a loss of partners and interaction complexity, demonstrates the high adaptability of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to urban stressors, which has important management implications.
Screening for Predictive Factors of Efficacy of Second‐Generation Androgen Receptor Axis‐Targeted Agents in Patients With High‐Risk Metastatic Hormone‐Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ueda Takashi , Hayakawa Keita , Horiguchi Go , Murashita Junki , Shiraishi Takumi , Fujimoto Saizo , Miyashita Masatsugu , Saito Yumiko , Gabata Yusuke , Sako Satoshi , Takahashi Hikaru , Fujihara Atsuko , Minami Takafumi , Yamamoto Yutaka , Okumi Masayoshi , Hongo Fumiya , Okihara Koji , Fujita Kazutoshi , Ukimura Osamu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDifferences in the effectiveness of second‐generation androgen receptor axis‐targeted agents (ARATs) in high‐risk metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the efficacy of ARATs in patients with high‐risk mHSPC and compare their long‐term effectiveness.MethodsFour hundred and sixty‐six patients with mHSPC treated with ARATs were retrospectively recruited from our hospital and affiliated hospitals of the Kindai Oncology Study Group and Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Oncology Study Group between December 2013 and March 2024. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with mHSPC. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for the differences in clinical backgrounds of the patients.ResultsUnivariate and multivariable analyses revealed that Gleason pattern 5 and pretreatment ALP levels were notable prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with mHSPC treated with ARATs. In the subgroup of patients with high‐risk mHSPC with Gleason pattern 5, apalutamide and enzalutamide showed significantly better outcomes in terms of PSA‐PFS, PFS2, and overall survival compared to abiraterone acetate though selection bias and the small number of patients may be associated with the results in this study. Univariate and multivariable analyses suggested that ARATs selection (ABI vs. APA or ENZ) may serve as an independent predictor of overall survival in patients with high‐risk mHSPC with Gleason pattern 5 treated with ARATs.ConclusionGleason pattern 5 may be a predictive factor for ARAT efficacy in patients with high‐risk mHSPCs.
trans‐2‐Octenal controls Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, the causal agent of tomato wilt in vitro, in soil and in the field
Authors: Liarzi Orna , Golani Ma'ayan , Magnus Amnon , Levi‐Ruso Ganit , Ewenson Ariel , Benyamini Yuval , Ezra David 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDFungal plant diseases cause major crop losses. Phytopathogenic fungi's ability to evolve resistance to fungicides, alongside ongoing prohibition of such agents by the European Commission because of their pronounced adverse effects on human health and the environment, make their control a challenge. Moreover, the development of less perilous fungicides is a complex task. Here we describe the process and challenges involved in the development of a novel fungicide, from in‐vitro studies to field experiments.RESULTSIn‐vitro experiments with trans‐2‐octenal, a bioactive compound secreted by the endophytic fungus Daldinia cf. concentrica, revealed its ability to fully inhibit and kill phytopathogenic microorganisms. A formulated version of trans‐2‐octenal was then used against the soil‐borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Forl), the causal agent of tomato vascular wilt disease, in pot experiments with different soil types. We found the highest fungicidal activity in sandy and loam soils, whereas heavy soil impaired activity. Lastly, we investigated the activity of the formulated trans‐2‐octenal against Forl in semi‐field experiments. We achieved complete elimination of Forl, provided the soil is rotavated after trans‐2‐octenal application.CONCLUSIONtrans‐2‐Octenal has the potential to control Forl in vitro, in pots and in the field. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Fully Distributed Cooperative Output Regulation of Heterogeneous Periodic Linear Multi‐Agent Systems With Input Saturation
Authors: Feng Zhanpeng , Zhang Kai , Jiang Huaiyuan , Zhou Bin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article delves into the cooperative output regulation of heterogeneous continuous‐time periodic linear multi‐agent systems with input saturation under undirected graphs. Leveraging characteristics inherent in the parametric differential Lyapunov equation and cooperative output regulation theory, we formulate an observer‐based protocol. Specifically, we design distributed state observers for both the leader and followers, aiming to estimate the leader state and the follower state itself, respectively. Utilizing these estimated states, we propose a class of fully distributed observer‐based protocols to address the considered problem. In addition, we make an extension to the reduced‐order observer‐based form. The most distinguishing contributions of our proposed protocols, in contrast to existing literature, lie in the fact that the considered dynamics of each agent are time‐varying and have input saturation constraints. Notably, our protocols eliminate the need for global information of the network, operating in a fully distributed method. Finally, we apply the proposed control protocol to the multi‐spacecraft elliptical orbit rendezvous problem.
Punica granatum L. Peel: Anticancer Activity on Hep3B, Drug‐likeness, ADMET Prediction, and Molecular Docking with EGFR‐TK
Authors: Danjolli‐Hashani Dua , Isbilir Sebnem Selen , Yılmaz Ayşen Şuekinci 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe side effects of the cancer treatment medications that have sparked renewed interest in herbal formulation research. Due to its high phytochemical content, Punica granatum L. (different parts of pomegranate), a basic traditional medicine source, is an excellent option for the anticancer research. In this study, the anticancer activity of Punica granatum L. (Hicaz variety) peel extract on the Hep3B cell line was determined by the MTT test. The results showed that P. granatum L. peel extract showed a cytotoxic effect on the Hep3B cell line (cancer) but no effect on the AML12 cell line (healthy). To explain the anticancer effect, the main bioactive components of P. granatum L. peel, which are ellagic acid, abscisic acid, ethyl gallate, phlorizin, gallic acid, and myricetin, were performed in a docking study with the EGFR‐TK (PDB ID: 1M17). The docking poses showed that all selected compounds that bind to the same site as the EGFR‐TK inhibitor erlotinib, while ellagic acid (−8.8 kcal/mol), myricetin (−8.9 kcal/mol), and phlorizin (−8.7 kcal/mol) have lower binding energy. Also, drug similarity, physicochemical, and ADMET properties of these selected phenolic compounds were evaluated. All results indicated that P. granatum L. peel could be a potential therapeutic candidate against liver cancer.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Cefazolin‐Loaded Magnesium Oxide/Polyethylene Glycol Nanocomposites: Antimicrobial Efficacy, Anticoagulant Potential, and In Vivo Toxicity Studies
Authors: Mohammed Hamdi Ali , Laouini Salah Eddine , Meneceur Souhaila , Azzi Manel , Salmi Chaima , Hasan Gamil Gamal , Bouafia Abderrhmane , Al‐Lohedan Hamad A. , Abdullah Mahmood M. S. , Al‐Essa Khansaa , Abdullah Johar Amin Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe pursuit of environmentally sustainable and potent antimicrobial agents has spurred the investigation of innovative nanocomposite materials, leading to the development of cefazolin‐loaded magnesium oxide/polyethylene glycol (CFZ@MgO/PEG NC) nanocomposites. This research encompasses the biosynthesis using Laurus nobilis L. extract, resulting in nanocomposites with a size distribution of approximately 35 nm. XRD analysis revealed an average crystallite size of 37 ± 0.9 nm for CFZ@MgO/PEG NC. The antibacterial efficacy demonstrated dose‐dependent inhibition zones, with CFZ@MgO/PEG NC achieving zones of inhibition of 19 mm, 14.5 mm, and 14 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, at 5 mM concentration. In vivo toxicity studies in albino rats indicated dose‐dependent changes in biochemical parameters, such as an increase in urea levels to 0.75 ± 0.12 mmol/L and creatinine levels to 5.55 ± 0.3 µmol/L at 400 µg/mL dosage. The MgO/PEG NC exhibited notable anticoagulant properties, comparable to EDTA, emphasizing its potential for blood coagulation management. These findings highlight CFZ@MgO/PEG NC as a promising antimicrobial and anticoagulant agent, with potential therapeutic applications requiring careful dosage optimization to mitigate toxicity.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Piperazine‐7‐Deazapurine Based Thiazolidone Derivatives as Novel ROCK Inhibitors
Authors: Thoota Sandeep Kumar , Maddila Suresh , Pindiprolu Sai Kiran S. S. , Kohli Sukhmeen Kaur , Matsa Sunil Kumar , Gumbi Bhekumuzi , Venigalla Lalu , Almutairi Tahani Mazyad , Islam Mohammad Shahidul 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this research journey of exploring ROCK inhibitors, we synthesized a new series of substituted piperazine‐7‐deazapurine‐linked thiazolidone analogs (10a–s) via a five‐step process, and employing sophisticated molecular modeling techniques, optimized the crystal structures of ROCK1 and ROCK2 to evaluate the binding affinities of these compounds. The evaluation of ROCK inhibitory activity demonstrated generally low binding affinities across the series, as reflected in their pIC50 values. Significantly, compound 10h emerged as a potent inhibitor of ROCK1 with an impressive pIC50 value of 6.54. Similarly, compound 10q showed strong inhibitory effects on ROCK2, marked by a pIC50 value of 6.03. Notably compound 10k exhibited a balanced inhibitory on both ROCK isoforms with a pIC50 of 5.24 and 5.31 against ROCK1 and ROCK2 respectively, suggesting its viability for further exploration. This research provides significant insights into the structure activity relationships (SAR) of kinase inhibitors, paving the way for designing more targeted and efficacious therapeutic options for diseases involving ROCK kinases.