bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a Consortium of Agronomically Important Microorganisms for Growing Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
Authors: Smirnova Irina , Sadanov Amankeldi , Baimakhanova Gul , Faizulina Elmira , Tatarkina Larissa 
Published: February 2023

Aims:
This study aimed to create a consortium of agronomically important microorganisms based on local strains of rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria that could increase the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of soybean, thereby increasing its productivity in Kazakhstan.

Background:
The use of agronomically important microorganisms that simultaneously possess several useful properties for growing plants is a priority for the sustainable development of organic agriculture.

Objective:
The objectives of the study were to isolate and functionally characterize rhizobia from soybean nodules (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere soybean.

Methods:
In this study, local rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of Kazakhstan were isolated from the nodules and rhizosphere of soybean. The nitrogenase activity of rhizobia was determined by the acetylene reduction assay. The biocompatibility of consortium strains was determined by the perpendicular streak technique. The plant growth-promoting activity, nitrogenase, phosphate-solubilizing activity, and nodulation of isolated bacteria were studied, and the four most active strains were selected. Identification of these strains was carried out by sequencing the 16S rRNA. Consortia of agronomically important microorganisms were created based on active strains of rhizobia and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

Results:
The sequencing of 16S rRNA of the selected strains showed that rhizobia belonged to the genus Rhizobium and the phosphate-solubilizing to the genera Pseudomonas and Enterobacter. The results showed that seeds inoculation by consortia had a highly stimulating effect on soybean plants' growth and significantly increased the stem height (1.8-2.0 times), root length (2.3-2.7 times), and the number of nodules (2.7-3.2 times) compared to the control without inoculation. Besides, these consortia induced a significant increase in the number of nodules on soybean roots and their nitrogen fixation, an increase in phosphorus absorption, and an increase in protein in soybean plants compared to the control. According to these results, consortium No. 21 was selected as the most effective one. The consortium included strains of rhizobia Rhizobium lupini RH-7 and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria Pseudomonas koreensis FT-4.

Conclusion:
A consortium of agronomically important microorganisms based on local strains of bacteria adapted to the soil and climatic conditions and not competing with microbes of the rhizosphere was created in our study. The use of a consortium based on local strains will help avoid competition with the indigenous populations of rhizosphere bacteria, and it can be used to grow an economically important crop, such as soybean.
Efficacy of Supramolecular Salicylic Acid 30% Combined with Intense Pulsed Light Compare to Monotherapy Supramolecular Salicylic Acid 30% in Acne Vulgaris Patients
Authors: Ariyawati Asoka , Chen Yangmei , Pu Yihuan , Zhang Yujie , Zhang Lingzhao , Shao Xinyi , Chen Jiayi , Chen Jin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Acne is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. Treatment of acne has been challenging due to the multiple factors involved in its pathogenesis. To date, there are several treatments available. They are traditional chemical peeling, laser-based therapy, and so on. Therefore, as several studies reached inconsistent conclusions on which treatment was better, this observational study aimed to compare the efficacy of monotherapy supramolecular salicylic acid (SSA) and the combination of SSA with intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment in acne patients.

Methods:
43 patients with acne vulgaris were chosen at the outpatient department of dermatology from October 2019 until December 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1, with a total of 23 patients who underwent SSA 30% combined with IPL, and group 2, which will do monotherapy with SSA 30%. Chemical peeling with SSA 30% treatment will be done every 2 weeks, while IPL treatment will be performed every 4 weeks for a treatment course of 8 weeks. Each individual had a VISIA skin examination and an investigator global assessment (IGA) of acne severity scores every four weeks to evaluate clinical improvement and treatment efficacy.

Results:
Patients in the SSA 30% + IPL group were mostly female, with comparable baseline VISIA skin scores. During 8-week intervals, the SSA 30%+IPL group presented with a greater improvement in overall skin condition measured by VISIA compared to the SSA 30% alone. Although both groups have a positive effect on skin condition improvement, when it comes to acne, gradual improvement in porphyrins and red areas was more obvious in the combined SSA 30%+IPL group compared to SSA 30% alone.

Conclusion:
The combination of SSA 30% with IPL compared to SSA 30% alone not only provides better treatment for acne vulgaris but also improves skin rejuvenation.
Potential Factors Associated with Stillbirth among Babies Born in Hospitals of North Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2021 Based on Cross-sectional Study Design
Authors: Beya Mogos , Alemu Adugna , Edosa Dejene , Mekonnen Mathewos 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Fetal death is one of the common adverse pregnancy outcomes. More than 7178 deaths at 28 weeks of gestation occur every day, making 2.6 million fetal deaths worldwide. The majority of these deaths occurred in developing countries, and 98% occurred in low and middle-income countries. To address the problem of stillbirth, the magnitude and determinants of stillbirth must be understood to help intervention be given to reduce fetal stillbirth. This study was facilitated by obtaining basic data on the factors influencing stillbirth. This will facilitate the development of better public health interventions to reduce these preventable fetal deaths and improve maternal health.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the determinant factors of still-birth among babies born in hospitals in the North Shoa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods:
The study was conducted among 348 babies born in the hospital of North Shoa Zone. Study subjects were selected by systematic sampling method from the list of babies born in hospitals in a three-month study period. Data were collected by using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data were edited, cleaned, coded, entered, and analyzed using SPSS-21 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was employed.

Results:
Potential factors were having regular antenatal care, congenital malformation, and having a history of perinatal death, were significantly associated with the stillbirth.

Conclusion:

The risk of stillbirth was associated with both modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Therefore, encouraging regular ANC to follow up, minimizing the formation of congenital malformation, and increasing birth in the history of previous perinatal death prevent the risk of potential stillbirth.
Artificial Intelligence–Based Chatbots for Promoting Health Behavioral Changes: Systematic Review
Authors: Aggarwal Abhishek , Tam Cheuk Chi , Wu Dezhi , Li Xiaoming , Qiao Shan 
Published: February 2023

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI)–based chatbots can offer personalized, engaging, and on-demand health promotion interventions.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and intervention characteristics of AI chatbots for promoting health behavior change.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in 7 bibliographic databases (PubMed, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and JMIR publications) for empirical articles published from 1980 to 2022 that evaluated the feasibility or efficacy of AI chatbots for behavior change. The screening, extraction, and analysis of the identified articles were performed by following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Results
Of the 15 included studies, several demonstrated the high efficacy of AI chatbots in promoting healthy lifestyles (n=6, 40%), smoking cessation (n=4, 27%), treatment or medication adherence (n=2, 13%), and reduction in substance misuse (n=1, 7%). However, there were mixed results regarding feasibility, acceptability, and usability. Selected behavior change theories and expert consultation were used to develop the behavior change strategies of AI chatbots, including goal setting, monitoring, real-time reinforcement or feedback, and on-demand support. Real-time user-chatbot interaction data, such as user preferences and behavioral performance, were collected on the chatbot platform to identify ways of providing personalized services. The AI chatbots demonstrated potential for scalability by deployment through accessible devices and platforms (eg, smartphones and Facebook Messenger). The participants also reported that AI chatbots offered a nonjudgmental space for communicating sensitive information. However, the reported results need to be interpreted with caution because of the moderate to high risk of internal validity, insufficient description of AI techniques, and limitation for generalizability.

Conclusions
AI chatbots have demonstrated the efficacy of health behavior change interventions among large and diverse populations; however, future studies need to adopt robust randomized control trials to establish definitive conclusions.
Reliable Internet of Things for Health Care Technologies
Authors: Dilip Ballal Kalpit , Dittmann Lars , Ruepp Sarah , Dinesen Birthe 
Published: February 2023

Background
Several at-home monitoring devices are being introduced in the market, which can help individuals, fitness enthusiasts, etc, monitor their health anytime they want. This allows individuals to monitor and collect their health data, reflect upon it, and take necessary action. Such technologies can help enhance the user’s quality of life by motivating and empowering them to improve their health actively. Unfortunately, there are still several challenges to making this transition from in-hospital monitoring to home monitoring smoother. Some of these challenges may include technology readiness and acceptance by patients and their family members, lack of proper privacy measures, security, and lack of reliable internet and communication technology infrastructure.

Objective
The objective of this study is to use wireless communication networks to remotely transfer data from various body sensors measuring different vital parameters. Wireless sensors (electrocardiogram monitors, sleep sensors, etc) and Internet of Things devices can allow real-time and relatively cheap at-home health monitoring to provide critical health updates over the internet.

Methods
The study will be conducted by means of designing multiple experiments in which data from different sensors will be collected, packaged, and sent to a remote server using the internet. Along with the patient data, different network performance parameters such as delay, information loss, etc, will be calculated to understand and evaluate network performance.

Results
The results from the experiment will focus on evaluating network performance parameters such as latency, delay, packet drop, etc, in various indoor as well as outdoor environments.

Conclusions
We hope the results obtained from these experiment can be used for making various technological design choices and serve as a good starting point while building Internet of Things health care technologies.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Understanding Prospective Physicians’ Intention to Use Artificial Intelligence in Their Future Medical Practice: Configurational Analysis
Authors: Wagner Gerit , Raymond Louis , Paré Guy 
Published: February 2023

Background
Prospective physicians are expected to find artificial intelligence (AI) to be a key technology in their future practice. This transformative change has caught the attention of scientists, educators, and policy makers alike, with substantive efforts dedicated to the selection and delivery of AI topics and competencies in the medical curriculum. Less is known about the behavioral perspective or the necessary and sufficient preconditions for medical students’ intention to use AI in the first place.

Objective
Our study focused on medical students’ knowledge, experience, attitude, and beliefs related to AI and aimed to understand whether they are necessary conditions and form sufficient configurations of conditions associated with behavioral intentions to use AI in their future medical practice.

Methods
We administered a 2-staged questionnaire operationalizing the variables of interest (ie, knowledge, experience, attitude, and beliefs related to AI, as well as intention to use AI) and recorded 184 responses at t0 (February 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic) and 138 responses at t1 (January 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic). Following established guidelines, we applied necessary condition analysis and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze the data.

Results
Findings from the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis show that the intention to use AI is only observed when students have a strong belief in the role of AI (individually necessary condition); certain AI profiles, that is, combinations of knowledge and experience, attitudes and beliefs, and academic level and gender, are always associated with high intentions to use AI (equifinal and sufficient configurations); and profiles associated with nonhigh intentions cannot be inferred from profiles associated with high intentions (causal asymmetry).

Conclusions
Our work contributes to prior knowledge by showing that a strong belief in the role of AI in the future of medical professions is a necessary condition for behavioral intentions to use AI. Moreover, we suggest that the preparation of medical students should go beyond teaching AI competencies and that educators need to account for the different AI profiles associated with high or nonhigh intentions to adopt AI.
“All water has perfect memory”: deslices y disonancias en Wake de Rebecca Hall
Authors: Cortés London Odette de Siena 
Published: February 2023

Agobiada por la eliminación de las historias de esclavos en Estados Unidos, Rebecca Hall propone una contranarrativa desde el formato del cómic para intervenir los registros oficiales en un acto de historiografía restaurativa en su narrativa gráfica Wake: The Hidden History of Women-led Slave Revolts (2021), ilustrada por Hugo Martínez. En este artículo propongo examinar dos aspectos que articulan la hibridación entre la autobiografía, la imaginación histórica y la historia oficial en el relato de Hall. Por un lado, estudio las disonancias entre texto e imagen como una forma de presentar dos versiones de la historia de forma simultánea. Por otro, planteo que los deslices que llevan de la ocularización del yo hacia la imaginación histórica transforman a Hall en un testigo de la historia mientras le dan una oportunidad de crear una contranarrativa restaurativa. Por medio de estos recursos, Hall elude los límites del archivo histórico para otorgarle materialidad a historias escritas en agua, pues la yuxtaposición entre el lenguaje literal, presente en la palabra escrita, y el lenguaje figurativo, en la ilustración, hacen de la narrativa gráfica un sitio de memoria en donde la autora confronta y cuestiona la historia “oficial” mientras imagina los vacíos históricos como parte de un acto restaurativo.
Exogenous application of salicylic acid mitigates salt stress in rice seedlings by regulating plant water status and preventing oxidative damage
Authors: Pai Ravina , Sharma Prabhat Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Salicylic acid (SA) is a hormone participating in the acclimation of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses, including salinity. We investigated the possible underlying mechanism of mitigating salt stress by SA using NaCl-treated rice plants sprayed twice with exogenous SA at different concentrations. SA application resulted in increased growth, relative water content, proline accumulation, the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase in NaCl-treated plants. Application of SA decreased Na+ concentration and increased K+ concentration, thus increasing the K+/Na+ ratio. The application of SA mitigated the effect of NaCl by improving plant water status, ion homeostasis and decreased oxidative damage. Foliar application of 0.5 mM SA was more effective in mitigating the salt stress while 2 mM SA was inhibitory, and the second spray of SA showed no significantly enhanced ameliorating effect over the first spray.
Glucagon Acting at the GLP-1 Receptor Contributes to β-Cell Regeneration Induced by Glucagon Receptor Antagonism in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Wei Tianjiao , Cui Xiaona , Jiang Yafei , Wang Kangli , Wang Dandan , Li Fei , Lin Xiafang , Gu Liangbiao , Yang Kun , Yang Jin , Hong Tianpei , Wei Rui 
Published: February 2023

Dysfunction of glucagon-secreting α-cells participates in the progression of diabetes, and glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonism is regarded as a novel strategy for diabetes therapy. GCGR antagonism upregulates glucagon and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion and, notably, promotes β-cell regeneration in diabetic mice. Here, we aimed to clarify the role of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activated by glucagon and/or GLP-1 in the GCGR antagonism–induced β-cell regeneration. We showed that in db/db mice and type 1 diabetic wild-type or Flox/cre mice, GCGR monoclonal antibody (mAb) improved glucose control, upregulated plasma insulin level, and increased β-cell area. Notably, blockage of systemic or pancreatic GLP-1R signaling by exendin 9-39 (Ex9) or Glp1r knockout diminished the above effects of GCGR mAb. Furthermore, glucagon-neutralizing antibody (nAb), which prevents activation of GLP-1R by glucagon, also attenuated the GCGR mAb–induced insulinotropic effect and β-cell regeneration. In cultured primary mouse islets isolated from normal mice and db/db mice, GCGR mAb action to increase insulin release and to upregulate β-cell–specific marker expression was reduced by a glucagon nAb, by the GLP-1R antagonist Ex9, or by a pancreas-specific Glp1r knockout. These findings suggest that activation of GLP-1R by glucagon participates in β-cell regeneration induced by GCGR antagonism in diabetic mice.

Article Highlights
Glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonism promotes β-cell regeneration in type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice and in euglycemic nonhuman primates. Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) can activate the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and their levels are upregulated following GCGR antagonism. We investigated whether GLP-1R activated by glucagon and/or GLP-1 contributed to β-cell regeneration induced by GCGR antagonism. We found that blockage of glucagon–GLP-1R signaling attenuated the GCGR monoclonal antibody–induced insulinotropic effect and β-cell regeneration in diabetic mice. Our study reveals a novel mechanism of β-cell regeneration and uncovers the communication between α-cells and β-cells in regulating β-cell mass.
SISTEM ONLINE PADA TRANSAKSI PEMBAYARAN JASA DITINJAU DARI ASAS KESEIMBANGAN DALAM HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA
Authors: Sekarwati Raden Ajeng Astari , Suryanti Nyulistiowati , Afriana Anita 
Published: February 2023

The allegation of monopolistic practices by PT.O and I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport, which only provides one online-based service payment system, has resulted in losses, including many people who are unable to make payments due to the lack of payment system options, as well as making it difficult for other business actors to enter their market. This creates issues, such as how to construct an online system for service payment transactions and how to apply the principle of balance in internet-based service payment transactions. The research was descriptive analytical in nature, describing the applicable laws and regulations, as well as legal theories and practices in the implementation of the problems studied. The approach method used was a qualitative normative approach, i.e. research conducted with a departure from the normative juridical aspect, which was then qualitatively analyzed by referring to relevant theories and principles. The findings of the study show that 1) By regulating payment services at these malls, PT. O collaborates with Lippo Group to form a single payment system that results in economic centralization by preventing other business actors from joining and carrying out their business activities. Meanwhile, G cooperates with certain airports to be the only platform for providing application-based public transportation and only provides one payment system that has been determined by G, thus preventing other business actors from entering the market and is proven to have violated Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition; and 2) In the instance of Lippo Group (PT.O) and I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport, the principle of balance is not applied by business actors in online-based service payment transactions. This is exhibited by the appointment of only one business actor to carry out activities, demonstrating that other business actors are not granted business prospects in that market.

Keywords: Principle of Balance; Online Payment; Business Competition.
Feline litter box issues associate with cat personality, breed, and age at sterilization
Authors: Mikkola Salla , Salonen Milla , Hakanen Emma , Lohi Hannes 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To identify potential risk factors for feline litter box issues (eg, house soiling).

ANIMALS
3,049 privately owned cats.

PROCEDURES
Data were collected using a validated, owner-completed survey with convenience sampling. The feline behavior and personality survey included 138 statements related to cat behavior and questions concerning cat background and health. Statements related to litter box issues were subjected to factor analysis. Associations between the identified factors and personality and background variables were studied using generalized linear models. Strength of these associations (ie, importance) was evaluated by calculating relative and absolute effect sizes.

RESULTS
Factor analysis yielded 2 factors: house soiling and litter box fussiness. This study suggests that fearful cats are more prone to both forms of litter box issues than nonfearful individuals. Other associations we found differed between factors. For example, low sociability toward cats, male sex, and being intact associated only with increased house soiling and older age only with litter box fussiness. The most important variables in the litter box models (ie, sociability toward cats, breed, and activity/playfulness) failed to reach the suggested cutoff for a small effect size.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Numerous variables are thought to influence litter box issues, but few studies have examined their relevance. Here, we studied the associations of over 30 background variables and personality traits with 2 litter box issue factors to estimate their importance at the population level. Our results bring new knowledge to this field and may contribute to finding new solutions for these complex issues in the future.