bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable Virulence Genes in Clinical Isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei: Impact on Disease Severity and Outcome in Melioidosis
Authors: Raj Sruthi , Sistla Sujatha , Sadanandan Deepthy Melepurakkal , Peela Sreeram Chandra Murthy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives To isolate Burkholderia pseudomallei from clinical specimens and study the association of virulence genes with clinical manifestations and outcome in patients with melioidosis.
Materials and Methods Burkholderia
pseudomallei isolates obtained from melioidosis cases diagnosed during 2018 to 2021 were identified using VITEK 2 system and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting a Type III secretion system gene cluster. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect the genotypes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) namely A, B, and B2, and singleplex PCR was performed to detect the presence of the Burkholderia intracellular motility gene (BimA) and filamentous hemagglutinin gene (fhaB3).
Statistical Analysis Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were performed to study the association between various clinical manifestations and outcome and different virulence genes. The results were expressed as unadjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
Results Sixty-seven isolates were available for characterization. BimABm
and BimABp
were observed among 82 and 18% of the isolates, respectively. Both sepsis and mortality were significantly associated with BimABm
. Majority of the isolates had fhaB3 (97%). Most of the isolates showed the presence of LPS A gene (65.7%) followed by LPS B gene (6%), while LPS B2 was not detected. Nineteen isolates could not be assigned to any LPS genotypes.
Conclusion Among the virulence genes studied, only BimABm
was significantly associated with sepsis and mortality. More than a quarter (28.3%) of the isolates could not be assigned to any LPS genotypes, hinting at a greater genetic diversity in our isolates.
A Rapid Method for Determination of Serum Methotrexate Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Its Application in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Tripathy Naresh Kumar , Mishra Shravan Kumar , Nathan Gopi , Srivastava Shreya , Gupta Anshul , Lingaiah Raghavendra 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives Methotrexate (MTX) has anticancer therapeutic potential with multiple doses-related adverse effects and toxicities. Immunoassays for therapeutic monitoring of serum MTX have their own limitations. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is considered as the reference method; however, commercially availability of them is limited. We aimed to adapt/develop an in-house LC-MS/MS method for therapeutic monitoring of serum MTX.
Materials and Methods Serum protein precipitation was performed using acetonitrile–water containing 250 μM solution of aminoacetophenone as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column with mobile phase of 0.1% solution of formic acid (solvent A) and acetonitrile (solvent B) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. MS was performed under positive ion mode with mass transition for MTX and IS as m/z 455.1→308.1 and 136.2→94.1, respectively. The method was validated by following Bioanalytical Method Validation Guidance for Industry, 2018 and applied on leukemia patients' samples on MTX therapy.
Results The correlation coefficient of eight serially diluted calibration standards of 0.09 to 12.5 μM was >0.99 and had linearity with > 95% precision and accuracy at analytical quality control levels. The lower limit of MTX quantification achieved was 0.09 μM with good intensity and sharp peak as compared with blank sample. The total run time of the assay was 5 minutes. The serum MTX levels obtained by this method in leukemia patients exhibited clinical correlation and an excellent agreement with commercial immunoassay used in parallel.
Conclusion We were able to develop a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective LC-MS/MS method suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of MTX in routine clinical diagnostic laboratories.
Gastric Metastasis of Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor of Skin: Rare Tumor with Rare Presentation
Authors: Osama Md Ali , Rao Seema , Mittal Tarun , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare primary neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. It has an aggressive biological behavior and shows early local and distant metastasis. Diagnosis of MCC is a challenge and requires confirmation by immunohistochemistry (IHC). However, metastasis of MCC to the stomach is extremely uncommon and is rarely reported in the literature. We hereby describe a patient with gastric metastasis of MCC, who presented with black tarry stool and was finally diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, histology, and IHC.
Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Authorship Gender Disparities in the Ophthalmology Literature
Authors: Kalavar Meghana , Watane Arjun , Iyer Prashanth , Cavuoto Kara M. , Haller Julia A. , Sridhar Jayanth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Studies in several fields of medicine have found that women published less during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially due to an increase in domestic responsibilities. This study examines whether a similar pattern exists for female authorship in ophthalmology.
Purpose To compare the proportions of female authorship published in high-impact ophthalmology journals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods A cross-sectional study analyzing authorship gender of articles published during the COVID-19 pandemic (between July and September 2020) compared with matched articles published in the same journals before the COVID-19 pandemic (between July and September 2019). Gender of the first and last authors was analyzed using an online gender determination tool.
Results A total of 577 articles and 1,113 authors were analyzed. There was no significant difference in the average number of publications by male and female authors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant increase in the percentage of female first authorship from the prepandemic period (32%) to during the COVID-19 pandemic (40%; p = 0.01), but no significant increase in the last authorship (p > 0.05). When analyzing only research articles, a similar increase in female first authorship was noted when comparing the publications before (31%) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (43%; p = 0.02). No significant differences were noted when analyzing the editorials (p > 0.05).
Conclusion While disparities continue to exist between male and female authorship, an increase in female first authorship was noted during the COVID-19 pandemic for overall articles as well as research articles.
Precis During the COVID-19 pandemic, female authorship as first and last authors of peer-reviewed articles in high-impact ophthalmology journals was below 50%. However, while the overall rates of female authorship were unchanged, female first authorship significantly increased during the pandemic. These results differ from studies published in other medical fields that demonstrated a decrease in female authorship during the COVID-19 pandemic.
On the rise of a marker of disaffiliation from Others’ discourse
Authors: Traugott Elizabeth Closs 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The discourse marker combination Oh, by the way is typically used to signal “digressive” discourse management and topic-shift from discourse 1 to content in discourse 2. I discuss how the combination came to be conventionalized as a hedge on a potentially face-threatening utterance (OBTW1), as attested in COHA from the 1840s. From the 1920s it could be used as a marker that signals the speaker’s strong disalignment with and mockery of something said by a third person “Other” (OBTW2). This study contributes to work on reported speech enactment. Links to pejorative expressives and echoic mockery are suggested. It is proposed that OBTW1 and OBTW2 are coming to be constructionalized as a new construction with variants. This construction is independent of its source in a discourse marker combination.
Engaging an Interdisciplinary Team to Map the Current and Future Distribution of the Asian Longhorned Tick (
Haemaphysalis longicornis
) in North America: A One Health Approach to Risk Mapping and the Added Value of Citizen Science
Authors: Cork Susan , Namgyal Jamyang , Couloigner Isabelle , Checkley Sylvia , Envik Akaysha , Lysyk Tim , Dergousoff Shaun , Ko Elton 
Published: January 2023

Summary

The Asian longhorned tick (ALHT) (
Haemaphysalis longicornis
Neumann, 1901) is a vector for many pathogenic micro-organisms of veterinary and public health importance. The ALHT is native to east Asia but was accidentally introduced into New Zealand and Australia in the early 1990s/late 1880s, respectively. It is now well established in these countries and it is a competent vector for
Theileria orientalis
Ikeda, which can cause significant livestock morbidity and mortality. Recently, this tick was introduced into North America. It was first formally detected on sheep in New Jersey in 2017, although it is now thought that it may have been present in the USA since 2010 but was initially misidentified as the morphologically similar rabbit tick
H. leporispalustris
(Packard, 1869). As of August 2022, this tick has been reported in 17 US eastern states. In this case study, we illustrate how we engaged an interdisciplinary team to examine the habitat suitability for the ALHT across North America under current and future climatic conditions. Using a transdisciplinary approach, we also considered potential routes of entry into Canada from the north-eastern states of the USA. Using published and current surveillance data, we generated habitat suitability models to predict the most likely areas in North America for the geographic expansion of the ALHT. Following discussions with climate change experts and entomologists, models were also developed to examine future habitat suitability under selected climate change scenarios. Interviews with experts and government colleagues suggest that likely routes of entry into Canada include cross-border movement of infested terrestrial wildlife and livestock, dog importations and the movement of migratory birds. Enhanced tick surveillance, including the use of citizen science, is required to gain a better understanding of how this tick might spread in the future.

The logo of T C C dash 3 W. A map is depicted and the bottom-left part of the map is highlighted.

The logo of the University of Calgary Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.

The logo of the Canadian Animal Health Surveillance System or C A H S S.
Systems Thinking Methodology Application to One Health Enabling Factors Analysis: Case Study from Kazakhstan
Authors: Spatayev Yerbol , Belot Guillaume 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Systems thinking methodologies are instrumental for analysing complex systems that consist of many components (actors and concepts) linked through various relationships. Systems thinking application in public health helps in understanding general tendencies and identifying potential leverages or actions needed to change the situation.
Practical implementation of the One Health approach often struggles due to conflicting priorities and interests among sectors and stakeholders, inability to build trust and shared strategic vision at the human-animal-environment interface. This makes systems thinking a valuable tool to model the One Health environment.
Kazakhstan has made several important steps towards sustaining the One Health approach; nonetheless, the country is at the early stage of actual implementation. An analysis of enablers and disablers, driving forces and incentives – presented in a form of a causal loop diagram – might play a crucial role in the strategic planning of further actions at the national level. It also could be used as an example for other countries starting their journey towards better multisectoral collaboration.

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Influence of natural aging on the chemical composition of hemp mortars
Authors: Kosiachevskyi D , Abahri K , Daubresse A , Prat E , Chaouche M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In recent years, bio-based building materials have become increasingly popular in the field of low-carbon construction. Different bio-based solutions are being adopted because of their advantageous hygrothermal properties and low economic and environmental costs. One such bio-based solution is hemp mortar, which is used in France and other countries for various construction purposes, such as thermal or acoustic insulation for interior and exterior walls. However, the use of hemp mortars is hampered by insufficient data on their durability and risk of degradation due to natural environmental conditions. Indeed, hemp mortar is hygroscopic, heterogeneous and anisotropic, which makes it difficult to study its behaviour. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to investigate the effect of natural aging on the chemical composition of hemp mortar exposed outside in specially designed metal cage for two years. Experimentally, XRD and thermogravimetric analyses of hemp mortar samples were performed. All experimental results were compared with the results of reference samples treated under laboratory conditions. The effects of two different compositions and sample depths were also investigated. In general, the results showed a higher degree of degradation of the mineral matrix of hemp mortar during natural aging due to carbonation and hygrothermal stresses.
Production Technology of Ecological High Performance Fibre Composite Construction Materials
Authors: Sahmenko Genadijs , Sinka Maris , Paurins Ugis , Bajare Diana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Eco materials derived from natural plant fibres and mineral binders are an alternative solution for modern ecological construction. This research is devoted to developing production technology for ecological high-performance fibre composite materials based on hemp shives and magnesium binder. The proposed composite wall structures consist of outer envelope layers made from dense hemp composite and middle insulation layer made from a lightweight hemp composite. The article describes the process of manufacturing a hemp composite boadr and the process of creating a three-layer structure of the outer wall. Used mix compositions are based on previously elaborated mix compositions based on magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) binder and hemp shives. This study presents the case study of testing samples from hemp composite boards produced in actual industrial conditions. During an experiment, 20% magnesium oxide was replaced as an alternative binder, such as metakaolin and fly ash. The purpose of modifying the compositions of the composite is to increase the water resistance of the material and improvement of the hydraulic properties of the material, as it was previously found that this material is hygroscopic concerning the high humidity of the ambient air.
PUFJ (PolyUrethane Flexible Joints) as an innovative polyurethane system for structural and non-structural bonding of timber elements
Authors: Śliwa-Wieczorek Klaudia , Zając Bogusław 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
PolyUrethane Flexible Joints (PUFJ) as an innovative adhesive system has been developed by a team of researchers from the Cracow University of Technology (CUT) for several years. Initially, the research focused mainly on joining masonry and reinforced concrete elements. Due to environmental concerns and climate changes, further advancement of the PUFJ system was focused on the technology development based on connecting natural materials such as wood and wood-based materials. In 2019, the cooperation of the CUT with a private company resulted in the implementation of the PUFJ system for the construction of innovative connections in a prefabricated timber frame construction of a family house near Cracow. Currently, further research are carried out focused on the complex understanding of behaviour of adhesive bond used in structural and non-structural timber bonding, taking into account different species of wood (pine, spruce, beech, douglas fir) and a different thickness of the flexible adhesive layer (from 1 mm to 30 mm). The article contains the properties of the PUFJ system, describes variants of the available applications (wet application in form of liquid substance curing in time or dry application as a prefabricated bonding layers glued to the elements with a thin adhesive layer). Examples of double-lap shear connections and laminated beams made of douglas fir wood of C24 class and Sika®PS polyurethane flexible layer are presented. All specimens were constructed with three various flexible adhesive thicknesses of 1, 2 and 4 mm. The influence of elevated temperature on the load capacity of the connection and on the final deflection was tested. The tests were conducted at four temperature levels (20, 40, 60 and 80°C).
Lightweight porous geopolymers from waste red brick precursor and synthetic foaming admixture
Authors: Bumanis G , Vaičiukynienė D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Geopolymers are associated with a high potential to replace traditional Portland cement. Up to now, research has been ongoing on alternative precursors with wide availability, low cost, and low environmental impact. Attention is paid to ashes, industrial by-products, and construction and demolition waste. Sophisticated materials with high porosity and improved physical or mechanical properties are developed to enhance the application of geopolymers. In this paper, the waste red brick is used as a precursor to produce highly porous geopolymers. Here, porous geopolymers on waste brick precursor and synthetic foaming agent were developed for the first time. Red waste brick was ground to powder particles and activated with NaOH solution. A porous structure was obtained by a pre-foaming technique where geopolymer slurry was mixed in the foams. Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated depending on mixture composition and foaming agent content. Porous geopolymers with densities from 240 to 1200 kg/m3 were obtained. The pore structure of obtained materials was characterized. Reduced density and characteristics of red clay precursor summarised in low compressive strength which was from 0.04 to 0.4 MPa.
3D concrete printing with wastes for building applications
Authors: Butkutė Karolina , Vaitkevičius Vitoldas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the benefits of deploying plastic waste as a promising alternative to main 3D concrete printing (3DCP) binders. 3D printing technology improvements display that this construction method holds a significant potential by not only finding a globally greener way to developing 3D printing composites but also in researching a more sustainable approach to reducing carbon footprint on the planet, and also becoming one of the possibilities in replacing industrial wastes to ordinary Portland cement. As an alternative to ordinary Portland cement this paper analyses secondary raw materials like burnt shale ashes (BSA), plastic waste (PW) granules and grinded foam rubber (FR). These chosen materials help to solve two environmentally relevant problems: elimination of industrial waste and CO2 level reduction in concrete production, meantime enhancing the sustainability of the potential 3D printing concrete mixes that had been modified by wastes. Further review presents respective differences between fresh concrete and hardened mix properties. These experimental studies proved that one of four different mixtures significantly enhanced the stability of the studied parameters.
Test of ITk 3D sensor pre-production modules with ITkPixV1.1 chip
Authors: Calderini G. , Crescioli F. , Dalla Betta G.-F. , Gariano G. , Gemme C. , Guescini F. , Hadzic S. , Heim T. , Lapertosa A. , Ravera S. , Rummler A. , Samy M.A.A. , Sultan D.M.S. , Vannoli L. , Ye H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
ITk detector, the new ATLAS tracking system at High Luminosity LHC, will be equipped with 3D pixel sensor modules in the innermost layer (L0). The pixel cell dimensions will be either 25 × 100 μm2 (barrel) or 50 × 50 μm2 (endcap), with one read-out electrode at the centre of a pixel and four bias electrodes at the corners. Sensors from pre-production wafers (50 × 50 μm2) produced by FBK have been bump bonded to ITkPixV1.1 chips at IZM. Bare modules have been assembled in Genoa on Single Chip Cards and characterized in laboratory and on beam.
How the geometry and mechanics of bighorn sheep horns mitigate the effects of impact and reduce the head injury criterion
Authors: Wheatley Benjamin B , Gilmore Emma C , Fuller Luca H , Drake Aaron M , Donahue Seth W 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Male bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) participate in seasonal ramming bouts that can last for hours, yet they do not appear to suffer significant brain injury. Previous work has shown that the keratin-rich horn and boney horncore may play an important role in mitigating brain injury by reducing brain cavity accelerations through energy dissipating elastic mechanisms. However, the extent to which specific horn shapes (such as the tapered spiral of bighorn sheep) may reduce accelerations post-impact remains unclear. Thus, the goals of this work were to (a) quantify bighorn sheep horn shape, particularly the cross-sectional areal properties related to bending that largely dictate post-impact deformations, and (b) investigate the effects of different tapered horn shapes on reducing post-impact accelerations in an impact model with finite element analysis. Cross-sectional areal properties indicate bighorn sheep horns have a medial–lateral bending preference at the horn tip (p = 0.006), which is likely to dissipate energy through medial–lateral horn tip oscillations after impact. Finite element modeling showed bighorn sheep native horn geometry reduced the head injury criterion (HIC15) by 48% compared to horns with cross-sections rotated by 90° to have a cranial–caudal bending preference, and by 125% compared to a circular tapered spiral model. These results suggest that the tapered spiral horn shape of bighorn sheep is advantageous for dissipating energy through elastic mechanisms following an impact. These findings can be used to broadly inform the design of improved safety equipment and impact systems.
European energy partnership on sustainable energy potential
Authors: Koval V , Savina N , Sribna Ye , Filipishyna L , Zherlitsyn D , Saiapina T 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The study analyses the energy development of Ukraine in terms of energy integration into the EU single energy market within the framework of the concept of sustainable development. For the Ukrainian energy industry, problems have been identified that prevent it from reaching the modern level of requirements for sustainable energy development. The dynamics of changes in indicators that characterize the level of development of modern energy in the EU-Ukraine relationship to ensure the guarantee of the level of energy security are analysed. The key factors in the development of the integration processes between Ukraine and the EU are noted, which relate to the political aspect, technical norms and requirements, as well as international economic activity. A mathematical calculation of the level of risks of energy integration processes between the EU and Ukraine during the period of military operations on the territory of Ukraine was carried out. It was noted that there is a high probability of the threat of termination of the existing integration processes due to the stochasticity of events of a military and political nature.