bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Within- and between-twin comparisons of risk for childhood behavioral difficulties after preterm birth
Authors: Fitzallen Grace C. , Taylor H. Gerry , Liley Helen G. , Bora Samudragupta 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Preterm birth and multiple gestation are independently associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe risks of screening positive for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and anxiety in preterm-born twin children by zygosity (monozygotic, dizygotic) and birth order (first-born, second-born).

Methods
Caregivers of 349 preterm-born twin pairs (42% monozygotic) aged 3–18 years reported child behavioral outcomes on Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior; Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition; and Preschool Anxiety Scale or Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders.

Results
Concordance for behavioral outcomes in twin pairs ranged from 80.06 to 89.31% for ADHD, 61.01 to 84.23% for ASD, and 64.76 to 73.35% for anxiety. Monozygotic twins had a greater risk than dizygotic of screening positive for inattention (risk ratio = 2.91, 95% CI = 1.48–5.72) and social anxiety (1.79, 1.23–2.61). Relative to first-born, second-born twins had a greater risk of screening positive for hyperactivity/impulsivity (1.51, 1.06–2.16); overall ASD (2.38, 1.62–3.49); difficulties with social awareness (2.68, 1.94–3.71), social cognition (4.45, 3.06–6.46), and social communication (2.36, 1.56–3.57); restricted/repetitive behavior (1.91, 1.30–2.81); overall anxiety (1.34, 1.10–1.64); generalized anxiety (1.34, 1.11–1.60); and social anxiety (1.32, 1.06–1.64).

Conclusion
The current findings emphasize considering zygosity and birth order in preterm and multiple birth outcomes research, and highlight clinical implications for discharge planning, neurodevelopmental surveillance, and facilitating parenting and family support.

Impact

Zygosity and birth order are important determinants of behavioral and socioemotional outcomes in preterm-born twins.

Among 349 preterm-born twin pairs aged 3–18 years (42% monozygotic), 61–89% demonstrated concordance for behavioral and socioemotional outcomes.

Monozygosity had greater risks than dizygosity for positive screening of inattention and social anxiety.

Second-born twins had greater risks than first-born for hyperactivity/impulsivity, social difficulties (awareness, cognition, communication), restricted/repetitive behavior, and anxiety (generalized, social).

These findings have implications for discharge planning, neurodevelopmental surveillance, and facilitating parenting and family support.
Long non-coding RNA HIF1A-As2 and MYC form a double-positive feedback loop to promote cell proliferation and metastasis in KRAS-driven non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Kaixin , Zhang Wenyang , Zhong Linghui , Xiao Yinan , Sahoo Sudhakar , Fassan Matteo , Zeng Kang , Magee Peter , Garofalo Michela , Shi Lei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. KRAS is the main oncogenic driver in lung cancer that can be activated by gene mutation or amplification, but whether long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate its activation remains unknown. Through gain and loss of function approaches, we identified that lncRNA HIF1A-As2, a KRAS-induced lncRNA, is required for cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor propagation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. Integrative analysis of HIF1A-As2 transcriptomic profiling reveals that HIF1A-As2 modulates gene expression in trans, particularly regulating transcriptional factor genes including MYC. Mechanistically, HIF1A-As2 epigenetically activates MYC by recruiting DHX9 on MYC promoter, consequently stimulating the transcription of MYC and its target genes. In addition, KRAS promotes HIF1A-As2 expression via the induction of MYC, suggesting HIF1A-As2 and MYC form a double-regulatory loop to strengthen cell proliferation and tumor metastasis in lung cancer. Inhibition of HIF1A-As2 by LNA GapmeR antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) significantly improves sensitization to 10058-F4 (a MYC-specific inhibitor) and cisplatin treatment in PDX and KRASLSLG12D-driven lung tumors, respectively.
RNF2 inhibits E-Cadherin transcription to promote hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via inducing histone mono-ubiquitination
Authors: Yao Lei , Li Jun , Jiang Bo , Zhang Zeyu , Li Xinying , Ouyang Xiwu , Xiao Yao , Liu Guodong , Wang Zhiming , Zhang Gewen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRNF2 is a RING domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase that mediate histone H2A mono-ubiquitination to repress gene transcription, but its expression patterns and molecular function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Herein, we extracted data from TGCA database and validated RNF2 expression in our own cohort, which revealed that RNF2 was highly expressed in HCC and was associated with malignant characteristics and poor prognosis of HCC. Moreover, RNF2 was demonstrated to promote HCC metastasis via enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RNF2 repressed E-Cadherin transcription by increasing the deposition of H2K119ub at the E-Cadherin promoter region. In addition, RNF2-regulated crosstalk between H2AK119ub, H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 synergistically reduced E-Cadherin transcription, which promoted EMT and HCC metastasis. These results indicate that RNF2 played an oncogenic role in HCC progression via inducing EMT, and RNF2 could be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
XIAP deletion sensitizes mice to TNF-induced and RIP1-mediated death
Authors: Witt Axel , Goncharov Tatiana , Lee Yujung Michelle , Kist Matthias , Dohse Monika , Eastham Jeff , Dugger Debra , Newton Kim , Webster Joshua D. , Vucic Domagoj 
Published: April 2023

AbstractXIAP is a caspase-inhibitory protein that blocks several cell death pathways, and mediates proper activation of inflammatory NOD2-RIP2 signaling. XIAP deficiency in patients with inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s disease, or those needing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, is associated with a worse prognosis. In this study, we show that XIAP absence sensitizes cells and mice to LPS- and TNF-mediated cell death without affecting LPS- or TNF-induced NF-κB and MAPK signaling. In XIAP deficient mice, RIP1 inhibition effectively blocks TNF-stimulated cell death, hypothermia, lethality, cytokine/chemokine release, intestinal tissue damage and granulocyte migration. By contrast, inhibition of the related kinase RIP2 does not affect TNF-stimulated events, suggesting a lack of involvement for the RIP2-NOD2 signaling pathway. Overall, our data indicate that in XIAP’s absence RIP1 is a critical component of TNF-mediated inflammation, suggesting that RIP1 inhibition could be an attractive option for patients with XIAP deficiency.
Sex-specific risk factors associated with graves’ orbitopathy in Korean patients with newly diagnosed graves’ disease
Authors: Lee Jooyoung , Kang Jinmo , Ahn Hwa Young , Lee Jeong Kyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
To assess sex-specific risk factors for Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in newly diagnosed Graves’ disease (GD) patients.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Service’s sample database, which consisted of 1,137,861 subjects from 2002 to 2019. The international classification of disease-10 codes was used to identify those who developed GD (E05) and GO (H062). A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the effect of risk factors on GO development.

Results
Among 2145 male and 5047 female GD patients, GO occurred in 134 men (6.2%) and 293 women (5.8%). A multivariable Cox regression model revealed that GO development was significantly associated with younger age (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.73–0.98), low income (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35–0.86), and heavy drinking (HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.10–2.90) in men, and with younger age (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81–0.98), lower body mass index (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.33–0.90), high total cholesterol (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06), hyperlipidaemia (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.02–1.85), and lower statin dose (HR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.22–0.62) in women. There was no association between smoking and GO development in both men and women.

Conclusions
The risk factors for GO development were sex-dependent. These results show the need for more sophisticated attention and support considering sex characteristics in GO surveillance.
Ex vivo demonstration of canine corneal pre-Descemet’s anatomy using pneumodissection as for the big bubble technique for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty
Authors: Kafarnik Christiane , Faraj Lana A. , Ting Darren S. J. , Goh Jia Ni , Said Dalia G. , Dua Harminder S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe recent discovery and characterization of pre-Descemet’s layer (PDL; also termed the Dua’s layer or the Dua-Fine layer) has advanced the understanding of various posterior corneal pathologies and surgeries in human. This study aimed to characterize the ultrastructure of the posterior stroma and interfacial zone of Descemet’s membrane (DM) in canine eyes. Eighteen canine corneo-scleral discs were included. Intrastromal air injection resulted in the formation of type 1 big bubble (BB) in 73% (n = 11/15) of corneas, with a mean diameter of 11.0 ± 1.3 mm. No type 2 BB was created. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography, histology and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the wall of BB was composed of DM, in contact with remaining stroma (canine PDL; cPDL). The cPDL was populated with keratocytes, of varying thickness of 16.2 ± 4.2 µm in close apposition to the DM, and composed of collagen bundles arranged in transverse, longitudinal and oblique directions. The interfacial zone, between DM and cPDL, showed fibril extension in all three directions, predominantly longitudinal. Irregular extensions of DM material into cPDL stroma were observed. No long-spaced collagen was detected. In conclusion, there exists a well-defined cleavage plane between the posterior stroma and cPDL, with similar but not identical characteristics as in humans, that is revealed by pneumodissection. This adds to our understanding of the anatomy of the posterior most canine cornea, which will have significant clinical impact on posterior corneal surgery and understanding of corneal pathology in dogs.
Association of feed efficiency with organ characteristics and fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens
Authors: Anene Doreen Onyinye , Akter Yeasmin , Groves Peter John , Horadagoda Neil , Liu Sonia Yun , Moss Amy , Hutchison Christine , O’Shea Cormac John 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPoor feed efficiency (FE) in hens impacts body weight (BW) and may reflect suboptimal health. Fatty Liver Haemorrhagic Syndrome (FLHS) is mostly observed in laying hens and affects egg production and hen performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of FE and BW with organ characteristics, liver composition and incidence of FLHS of 150 individually housed ISA Brown hens ranked on the basis of feed conversion ratio (FCR) attained from early lay. At 45 weeks, 10 birds per FE group (HFE—High feed efficient; MFE—medium feed efficient; LFE—low feed efficient) were randomly selected and euthanized. Hen BW was positively associated with feed intake and FCR. The HFE hens had a lower abdominal fat pad and liver weight compared to LFE hens. FLHS lesion score was higher (worse) in the LFE than HFE hen group and was moderately positively associated with BW and abdominal fat pad, but strongly positively associated with liver weight. Liver pathology of LFE hens showed hepatocytes with abnormal retention of lipids causing distended cytoplasmic vacuoles compared to the HFE hens. Hens which exhibited poorer FE in early lay had heavier abdominal fat pads, heavier, fatter livers and were more prone to FLHS.
CannaCount: an improved metric for quantifying estimates of maximum possible cannabinoid exposure
Authors: Lambros Ashley M. , Sagar Kelly A. , Dahlgren M. Kathryn , Kosereisoglu Deniz , El-Abboud Celine , Smith Rosemary T. , Gruber Staci A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncreasing numbers of individuals have access to cannabinoid-based products containing various amounts of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and other cannabinoids. Exposure to specific cannabinoids likely influences outcomes; however, current methods for quantifying cannabis exposure do not account for the cannabinoid concentrations of the products used. We developed CannaCount, an examiner-driven metric that quantifies estimated maximum possible cannabinoid exposure by accounting for variables related to cannabinoid concentration, duration, frequency, and quantity of use. To demonstrate feasibility and applicability, CannaCount was used to quantify estimated maximum THC and CBD exposure in 60 medical cannabis patients enrolled in a two-year, longitudinal, observational study. Medical cannabis patients reported using a variety of product types and routes of administration. Calculating estimated exposure to THC and CBD was possible for the majority of study visits, and the ability to generate estimated cannabinoid exposure improved over time, likely a function of improved product labeling, laboratory testing, and more informed consumers. CannaCount is the first metric to provide estimated maximum possible exposure to individual cannabinoids based on actual cannabinoid concentrations. This metric will ultimately facilitate cross-study comparisons and can provide researchers and clinicians with detailed information regarding exposure to specific cannabinoids, which will likely have significant clinical impact.
CryoFIB milling large tissue samples for cryo-electron tomography
Authors: Wang Sihan , Zhou Heng , Chen Wei , Jiang Yifeng , Yan Xuzhen , You Hong , Li Xueming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCryo-electron tomography (cryoET) is a powerful tool for exploring the molecular structure of large organisms. However, technical challenges still limit cryoET applications on large samples. In particular, localization and cutting out objects of interest from a large tissue sample are still difficult steps. In this study, we report a sample thinning strategy and workflow for tissue samples based on cryo-focused ion beam (cryoFIB) milling. This workflow provides a full solution for isolating objects of interest by starting from a millimeter-sized tissue sample and ending with hundred-nanometer-thin lamellae. The workflow involves sample fixation, pre-sectioning, a two-step milling strategy, and localization of the object of interest using cellular secondary electron imaging (CSEI). The milling strategy consists of two steps, a coarse milling step to improve the milling efficiency, followed by a fine milling step. The two-step milling creates a furrow–ridge structure with an additional conductive Pt layer to reduce the beam-induced charging issue. CSEI is highlighted in the workflow, which provides on-the-fly localization during cryoFIB milling. Tests of the complete workflow were conducted to demonstrate the high efficiency and high feasibility of the proposed method.
Prediction of Fishman’s skeletal maturity indicators using artificial intelligence
Authors: Kim Harim , Kim Cheol-Soon , Lee Ji-Min , Lee Jae Joon , Lee Jiyeon , Kim Jung-Suk , Choi Sung-Hwan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the performance of automated skeletal maturation assessment system for Fishman’s skeletal maturity indicators (SMI) for the use in dental fields. Skeletal maturity is particularly important in orthodontics for the determination of treatment timing and method. SMI is widely used for this purpose, as it is less time-consuming and practical in clinical use compared to other methods. Thus, the existing automated skeletal age assessment system based on Greulich and Pyle and Tanner-Whitehouse3 methods was further developed to include SMI using artificial intelligence. This hybrid SMI-modified system consists of three major steps: (1) automated detection of region of interest; (2) automated evaluation of skeletal maturity of each region; and (3) SMI stage mapping. The primary validation was carried out using a dataset of 2593 hand-wrist radiographs, and the SMI mapping algorithm was adjusted accordingly. The performance of the final system was evaluated on a test dataset of 711 hand-wrist radiographs from a different institution. The system achieved a prediction accuracy of 0.772 and mean absolute error and root mean square error of 0.27 and 0.604, respectively, indicating a clinically reliable performance. Thus, it can be used to improve clinical efficiency and reproducibility of SMI prediction.
Validating the APACHE IV score in predicting length of stay in the intensive care unit among patients with sepsis
Authors: Zangmo Kinley , Khwannimit Bodin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV model can predict the intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) in critically ill patients. Thus, this study aimed to validate the performance of the APACHE IV score in predicting ICU LOS among patients with sepsis. This retrospective study was conducted in the medical ICU of a tertiary university between 2017 and 2020. A total of 1,039 sepsis patients were enrolled. Patients with an ICU stay of 1 and > 3 days accounted for 20.1% and 43.9%. The overall observed and APACHE IV predicted ICU LOS were 6.3 ± 6.5 and 6.8 ± 6.5, respectively. The APACHE IV slightly over-predicted ICU LOS with standardized length of stay ratio 0.95 (95% CI 0.89–1.02). The predicted ICU LOS based on the APACHE IV score was statistically longer than the observed ICU LOS (p < 0.001) and were poorly correlated (R2 = 0.02, p < 0.001), especially in patients with a lower severity of illness. In conclusions the APACHE IV model poorly predicted ICU LOS in patients with sepsis. The APACHE IV score needs to be modified or we need to make a new specific model to predict ICU stays in patients with sepsis.
AKR1B10 regulates M2 macrophage polarization to promote the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer
Authors: Wu Yi , Hao Yanjie , Zhuang Qing'xin , Ma Xiaoli , Shi Chao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy has brought new hope to gastric cancer (GC) patients. Exploring the immune infiltration pattern in GC and the key molecules is critical for optimizing the efficacy of immunotherapy. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is an inflammatory regulator and is closely related to the prognosis of patients with GC. However, the function of AKR1B10 in GC remains unclear.
Methods: In the present study, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration pattern in 373 samples in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were seared by combing the TCGA database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the key molecule AKR1B10 was identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). The biological functions of AKR1B10 in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) were investigated in vitro.
Results: Macrophage polarization was the main immune infiltration pattern in GC, and the state of macrophage polarization was closely related to the pathological grading of GC and the clinical stage of patients. AKR1B10, MUC5AC, TFF2, GKN1, and PGC were significantly down-regulated in GC tissues. Low AKR1B10 expression induced M2 macrophage polarization and promoted the malignant phenotype of GC.
Conclusion: M2 macrophage polarization is the main immune infiltration pattern in GC. Low AKR1B10 expression induces M2 macrophage polarization and promotes the malignant transformation of GC.
Further Evaluation of a Protocol for Integrated Speech Audiometry
Authors: Rakerd Brad , Punch Jerry 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
When a bilateral evaluation is conducted with the integrated speech protocol described in Punch and Rakerd (2019), testing for the first ear concludes with a measurement of the uncomfortable loudness level for speech (UCL). The purpose of this study was to assess the possibility that exposure to the high speech intensities required for that UCL test might bias the subsequent measurement of a listener's most comfortable loudness level for speech (MCL) in the opposite ear.

Method:
Across 32 test runs, the left and right ear MCLs were established for 16 young adult listeners with normal hearing (five women, 11 men). The MCL assessed on each test run was measured twice. The first measurement was made at the start of the run and before a full integrated speech evaluation was conducted in the opposite ear (pretest); the second was made after that evaluation (posttest).

Results:

The difference between the MCL means measured on the pretest (37.7 dB) and the posttest (38.5 dB) was less than 1 dB, and it did not approach statistical significance,
t
(15) = 0.69,
p
= .50.

Conclusions:
There was no evidence that UCL testing done in one ear on a bilateral speech test will have carryover effects that bias the subsequent measurement of a listener's MCL in the other ear. The results, therefore, support the potential clinical use of an integrated protocol when conducting bilateral speech audiometric evaluations.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Services for Emergent Bilinguals: Perspectives, Practices, and Confidence of Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Ward Hannah , King Marika , Soto Gloria 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this project was to examine the perspectives, practices, and confidence of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) regarding service provision for emergent bilinguals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) through a nationwide survey.

Method:

Licensed SLPs (
N
= 179) completed an online survey, which included Likert-type and multiple-choice questions.

Results:
Findings from the survey revealed a discrepancy between SLPs' perceptions and practices regarding service provision for emergent bilinguals who use AAC. Furthermore, most SLPs surveyed reported varying levels of confidence in serving this population and indicated that they frequently lacked training and resources to serve bilingual clients who use AAC.

Conclusion:
This research highlighted the need for increased resources, research, and education to support service provision for emergent bilinguals who use AAC.