bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of positional accuracy in all on four implants using various splinting materials: An in vitro study
Authors: Thakur Jhalak , Parlani Swapnil 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Statement of Problem:
Osseointegrated implants have offered an alternative treatment solution to conventional prostheses for patients who lost their teeth and have attained expectable long-term results. A precise and inertly fitting prostheses as well as surgical procedure which are error-free are mandatory for the long-term success of implants.

Aim:
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of dimensional stability of conventionally used and advanced splinting materials on the accuracy of master casts.

Materials and Methods:
An acrylic resin master model was fabricated into which four implant analogs were placed. The impression copings attached were splinted with dental floss onto which splinting material was added, bis-GMA (Group A), flowable composite (Group B), and pattern resin (Group C). Impressions were made in polyvinyl siloxane and laboratory analogs were attached. The five casts from each group were retrieved and were analyzed for the positional accuracy of implants.

Statistical Analysis:
One-way analysis of variance and post
hoc test were done to analyze the significant difference between the four implant analogs of each group ARDS with the master model. The confidence interval was also calculated to assess the accuracy.

Results:
It was observed that all materials are equally accurate for the reproduction of implant positional accuracy. Bis-GMA has shown the readings close to the master model depicting the more positional accuracy. There was no significant difference for flowable composite and pattern resin between the centroids of implant analogues of master model and the mean of inter-implant distance 1 and 2, 1 and 4, 3 and 4, and 2 and 4 in each group in X, Y, and Z axes.

Conclusions:
The results showed that bis-GMA can be the material of choice for splinting impression copings, other material used flowable composite, and pattern resin can be recommended as splinting material of choice for multiple implant cases, as these exhibited similar results such as other groups which are used conventionally.
Evaluation of perception by osseointegrated dental implants supporting a fixed prosthesis: A clinical study
Authors: Bakshi Purva Vijay , Kulkarni Sudhindra S. , Kulkarni Mihir Raghavendra 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The extraction of teeth results in loss of periodontal receptors which are essential for oral-sensory functions. Osseointegrated implants have also shown to perceive signals, and this phenomenon is termed as osseoperception. The aim of this study was to determine the active tactile perception of osseointegrated dental implants supporting a fixed prosthesis in comparison to natural teeth.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 participants were included in this split-mouth cross-sectional study. The participants were divided into two groups (n = 10) as follows – Group I: participants with a restored osseointegrated dental implant in occlusion with a healthy natural tooth and Group II: participants with restored osseointegrated dental implants in occlusion. The implant-supported fixed prostheses were considered test sites whereas the natural teeth were considered control sites. Articulating papers were placed interocclusally in a predetermined random order of 50 insertions at test and control sites, respectively. The participants’ ability to perceive the presence/absence of the test papers was recorded for every insertion.

Results:
The minimum thickness perceived at test site was 2X that of control site in Group I whereas it was 4X the control site in Group II and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of the present study suggest that the active tactile perception of implants opposing natural teeth was nearing the natural teeth values whereas the active tactile perception of implants in opposing arches was significantly lesser.
Age Estimation by Quantitative Cytomorphometric Study Using Buccal Mucosal Cells and Panoramic Radiography: A Comparative Forensic Study
Authors: Nutulapati Kavya Keerthika , Donupati Sri Veda , Prabhat M P V , Sarat G , Mishra Swagathika 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aim
This study aims to estimate the age of an individual using buccal cells by calculating the average cell size and comparing with pulp/tooth area ratio on mandibular canine and linear measurements related to mental foramen using panoramic radiography (PR).

Materials and Methods
One hundred healthy individuals undergoing PR for various dental procedures were included in this study after obtaining consent. Pulp/tooth ratio using Cameriere et al. method on mandibular canine and linear measurements related to mental foramen, i.e., the distance between the superior and inferior border of the mandible (S-I) and the mandible’s superior border to the superior margin of the mental foramen (S-sM) were estimated using Adobe Photoshop image editing software. Later, buccal smears obtained from the same individual were fixed with 95% alcohol and stained with Papanicolaou’s stain for cytomorphometric analysis. The age was calculated using the regression analysis and correlated with chronological age.

Results
Statistical significance and better correlation were obtained pulp/tooth area ratio, the distance of S-I of all age groups. However, the distance of S-sM proved to be more effective in Group 4 (51–60 years) and buccal cell size was found to be comparable to the chronological age particularly in Group 5 (above 60 years).

Conclusion
In the present study, the accuracy of estimated age compared to the chronological age was more promising for pulp/tooth area ratio, followed by S-I, S-sM, and cell size.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Adolescent Suicide Deaths in the State of Maryland
Authors: Rogers Lainé Nicole , Korfanty Gracen , Roby Victoria , Yildiz Ecem , Ferreira Pamela Ann , Dean Stephanie A. , Li Ling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially declared the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) a worldwide pandemic. As of December 2021, there have been over 278 million cases and 5.4 million deaths reported. One area of concern regarding the pandemic was its potential impact on mental health, and it was feared that the onset of such a devastating pandemic would lead to increased suicide risks among the general population. With suicide being a leading cause of death in adolescents, it is important to assess the potential mental health consequences that the COVID-19 pandemic may impose.

Aim
The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on suicide deaths among adolescents in the state of Maryland from 2019 to 2021.

Subjects and Methods
This was a retrospective study of adolescent suicide victims, aged 10–19 years, from January 2019 to December 2021 in the state of Maryland. De-identified data were collected from the statewide medical examiner’s office which is responsible for the medicolegal death investigation in Maryland.

Results
A total of 102 adolescent suicide deaths were investigated statewide by the Maryland Office of the Chief Medical Examiner during these 3 years. The number of adolescent suicide cases stayed relatively stable during the COVID-19 pandemic, with slightly more cases during the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period (2019: n = 37; 2020: n = 31; and 2022: n = 34). Looking at months of incidence, less cases were reported in March–May 2020 (n = 5), which marks the beginning of the pandemic when compared to the same period in 2019 (n = 13). The number was higher for August–November 2020 (n = 15) than for that of 2019 (n = 8) and 2021 (n = 8). The male-to-female suicide ratio was 3.7:1 (n = 80/22). However, the data exhibited a significant increase in the number of female adolescent suicides, from 8.11% in 2019 (n = 3) to 25.81% in 2020 (n = 8) and 32.35% in 2021 (n = 11). Of the cases examined, more than 50% were white and approximately 27% were African-Americans. The two leading causes of death were hanging (47%) and firearm injuries (29%). Maryland consists of 23 countries and Baltimore City. The majority of adolescent suicides occurred in county residents with only 8.8% of cases in Baltimore City.
Forensic Significance of Messenger RNA and Protein Expression of Genes Downstream of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 2 in Myocardial Tissue for Death Discrimination
Authors: Ma Xingyu , Li Yeming , Xi Ya , Su Liyang , Tong Yuxing , Wang Chun , Zhao Dong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs a heterodimeric transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha subunit (HIF2A), is an important member of the HIF family. It plays a significant role in the hypoxia adaptation process by regulating the different types of downstream transcription factors and auxiliary regulatory factors. HIF2A-related factors are believed to participate in the progression of myocardial injury or myocardial ischemia, support the protection of ischemic myocardium, and provide guiding significance for the diagnosis and discrimination of sudden cardiac death in forensic pathology.Aim and ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the discriminability and applicability of HIF2A-related factors in myocardial infarction cases compared with other causes of death, provide further insights for the forensic diagnosis of heart failure (HF) cases with myocardial infarction, and support the clinical treatment of patients with HF after myocardial infarction.Materials and MethodsThe relative expression levels of HIF2A, amphiregulin (AREG), potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel subfamily M β1 (KCNMB1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGFR2 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in myocardial tissue samples were performed using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. A partial least squares-discriminant analysis model was constructed to select the indicators with better identification effects for myocardial infarction cases. The protein levels of HIF2A, AREG, KCNMB1, and PPARA were further detected by immunohistochemistry. The forensic autopsy cases (27 cases in total, postmortem interval <72 h) included seven cases of acute myocardial infarction and ten cases of myocardial ischemia. There were ten cases in the control group, including four cases of traffic injury, one case of injury by fall from height, and five cases of blunt force injury.ResultsCharacteristic results were observed in the myocardial ischemia/infarction samples. Compared with the control group, the relative mRNA expression levels of AREG, KCNMB1, and PPARA were significantly increased during the progression of myocardial ischemia, but this was not observed for HIF2A, VEGF, or VEGFR2 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry assays further verified the expression levels of the related factors at the protein level, and H and E staining showed signs of angiogenesis and inflammation in the ischemia/infarction group.ConclusionsBy controlling the expression of downstream target genes (AREG, KCNMB1, and PPARA) during myocardial cell hypoxia adaptation, HIF2A has a potential significance in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in forensic medicine. We believe that HIF2A, AREG, KCNMB1, and PPARA can be used as molecular pathological biomarkers for the discrimination of causes of death in myocardial infarction cases.
To Compare the Effects of Adding Handheld and Ankle Weights During Treadmill Walking on Blood Pressure and Rate of Perceived Exertion in Normal Healthy Adults: An Experimental Study
Authors: Pande Kavita Vilas , Joshi Madhuri Rushikesh , Joshi Rushikesh Kaushik 
Published: September 2023

Context:
Walking is the most commonly reported activity which requires no special facilities and is achievable by all groups with little injury risk. Nowadays, adding weights to different locations while walking is popular in general fitness and rehabilitation programs, which again increases energy expenditure as well as oxygen consumption in a shorter quantity of time.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of adding handheld and ankle weights during treadmill walking on blood pressure and rate of perceived exertion in normal healthy adults.

Settings and Design:
The experimental study took place in the laboratory and was designed to be carried on for three sessions to measure the changes in blood pressure and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) while walking with and without weight.

Subjects and Methods:
Thirty-three participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited to perform the exercise session with handheld and ankle and without weights and it consisted of 8 min of exercise testing with and without weights for two sessions.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The statistical test data were screened for normal distribution by Shapiro–Wilk test. Data were normally distributed for the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and RPE. Hence, parametric tests were applied for SBP, DBP, and RPE within-session and between-session analysis. Within-session analysis was done by paired t-test and between-session analysis was done by unpaired t-test.

Results:
Intra-session analysis by paired t-test in both sessions shows statistically significant changes in SBP and RPE (P < 0.05). Moreover, DBP was found significant while using handheld weights compared to no weights. While inter-session analysis by unpaired t-test showed significant changes in DBP compared to that of SBP, RPE using handheld weights during treadmill walking.

Conclusions:
Study shows addition of handheld weights proves to be more effective in adults who cannot run, or do not like to run, or are limited in walking speed, and may benefit from the addition of hand-held weight (HHW) and ankle weight (AW).
Evaluation of Anxiety and Depression among Pregnant Women in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Izuka EO , Iyidobu TO , Obiora-Izuka CE , Enebe JT , Onyeabochukwu AD , Nkwo PO , Nwagha UI 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy are public health concerns. They are commonly reported among pregnant women from all over the world. Maternal mental health has not been prioritized, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Aim:
To evaluate depression and anxiety among pregnant women who receive antenatal care in four randomly selected hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A multicenter questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of 434 pregnant women was conducted at four selected health institutions offering antenatal services in Enugu, Enugu State. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Factors associated with anxiety and depression were determined using logistic regression. P <0.05 was taken as significant.

Results:
The mean age of study participants was 30.09 ± 5.12 years. The proportion of participants with depressive symptoms and borderline depressive symptoms was 9.7% and 11.1%, respectively. The proportion of participants with anxiety symptoms and borderline anxiety symptoms was 10.1% and 15.7%, respectively. Husband’s employment status (P = 0.033, odds ratios (OR) =0.354, 95% confidence intervals (CI) =0.137–0.918) and gestational age (P = 0.042, OR = 2.066, 95% CI = 1.028–4.151) were the only factors associated with depressive symptoms, while only educational level (P = 0.001, OR = 3.552, 95% CI = 1.674–7.537) and husband’s employment status (P = 0.013, OR = 0.295, 95% CI = 0.113–0.772) were the only factors associated with anxiety symptoms.

Conclusions:
Anxiety and depressive symptoms are relatively common in antenatal women in Enugu. The factors associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms were the respondent’s educational level, gestational age, and the employment status of the husband.
Effect of Betahistine Treatment on Dizziness and Anxiety Symptoms of BPPV Patients
Authors: Erdur ZB , Evran N 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) may experience significant deterioration in their quality of life due to dizziness and anxiety symptoms.

Aim:
To evaluate the effect of betahistine add-on therapy on dizziness and anxiety symptoms of BPPV patients.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty-four patients who were diagnosed as having posterior canal BPPV were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment regimen: Group 1 included 42 subjects who were treated with the Epley maneuver alone and Group 2 included 42 subjects who received betahistine 48 mg/day for ten days with the Epley maneuver. Dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) were evaluated at the time of diagnosis and at the control examination on the tenth day.

Results:
The mean before and after treatment DHI scores were 38.8 ± 14.6 and 5.47 ± 6.4 for Group 1 (P < 0.001), and 45.8 ± 21.1 and 10.3 ± 12.9 for Group 2 (P < 0.001). The mean before and after treatment BAI scores were 11.8 ± 6 and 1.33 ± 1.8 for Group 1 (P < 0.001), and 13.6 ± 8.3 and 2.9 ± 3.8 for Group 2 (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the before and after treatment DHI and BAI score differences of the two groups (P = 0.27, P = 0.43).

Conclusion:
Canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRMs) should be the main treatment modality in the management of BPPV patients and adding on betahistine treatment to CRMs have no impact in the relieving of dizziness and anxiety symptoms.
Automated ABR Screening for Hearing Loss and its Clinical Determinants among Newborns with Hyperbilirubinemia in National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Oyinwola OI , Mukhtar-Yola M , Olusesi AD , Oluwasola TA 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a known risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss which is usually undiagnosed in our environment until school age due to a lack of routine screening programs.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study conducted between August 2020 and February 2021 employed a universal sampling of consecutive eligible participants after their mothers’ consent. Hearing screening was conducted using an automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) device (Otoport OAE + ABR®). The proportion of AABR screening failure was assessed while associated clinical risk factors were determined using logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at 5% for all comparative analyses.

Results:
One hundred and sixty newborns below 28 days of age, delivered at 34 weeks gestation and above, who had jaundice were recruited. The prevalence of screening AABR failure in at least one ear was 26.2%. Significant risk factors for AABR screening failure in addition to extreme and hazardous hyperbilirubinemia were acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) (Odds Ratio (OR) =4.44, 95% CI = 3.19-6.17), birth weight below 2500 g (OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.48-6.77), dull tympanic membrane (TM) (OR = 5.94, 95% CI = 2.36-14.92) and exchange blood transfusion (OR = 4.84, 95% CI = 1.87-12.58).

Conclusion and Recommendations:
The prevalence of AABR screening failure was high, and a dull TM was its strongest predictor among late preterm and term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Otoscopy should be included in the care of newborn with hyperbilirubinemia and screening programs established to mitigate hearing loss among high-risk neonates in Abuja.
Evaluation of Salivary Glycated Albumin in Periodontitis Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Changes with Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Seniya KM , Baiju KV , Ambili R 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Bidirectional relationship exists between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Glycated albumin is an emerging biomarker to assess intermediate glycemic control. Salivary glycated albumin has not been evaluated in periodontitis.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to compare salivary glycated albumin in periodontitis patients with and without diabetes mellitus before and after periodontal therapy.

Materials and Methods:
This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Periodontics. Ninety subjects (mean age 41.8 ± 6.82) were categorized into three groups. Clinical examination and saliva sample collection were done at baseline and 4 weeks after scaling and root debridement. Salivary glycated albumin levels were estimated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One-way analysis of variance with post hoc test and paired t-test was done for inter- and intra-group comparison. The optimal cut-off value was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve and by maximization of the Youden index.

Results:
Mean salivary glycated albumin was the highest in diabetic patients followed by non-diabetic periodontitis patients and least in healthy controls. All the intergroup comparisons were significant. A cut-off value of 72.19 ng/ml of salivary glycated albumin could predict diabetic status with a sensitivity and specificity of 75%. Salivary glycated albumin was significantly reduced in a similar manner in both groups after periodontal therapy (19.4% and 18.5%).

Conclusion:
Periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus were presented with the highest salivary glycated albumin. Non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in a similar reduction of salivary glycated albumin in periodontitis with and without diabetes mellitus.
Can Lactate be Valuable in Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Neonatal Sepsis?
Authors: Kışlal FM , Polat ÇC , Ergül E , Açıkalın AA , Güven D , Gündoğan E , Sarıcı D 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Sepsis monitoring tissue perfusion is crucial for detecting circulatory failure early, implementing the right treatments, and assessing response. Insufficient oxygenation leads to a rise in lactate level and has been shown to be useful in predicting mortality and morbidity in newborns. There have not been many studies on how lactate measurement affects neonatal sepsis diagnosis and prognosis.

Aim:
The aim of our study was to determine the impact of lactate on early diagnosis and prognosis in neonatal sepsis.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty-seven newborns diagnosed with neonatal sepsis at a neonatal intensive care unit between January 2010 and July 2021 were included in the study. Venous blood gas, lactate, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and complete blood count on the first, second, and third day of hospitalization were noted. Lactate values were correlated with other variables to determine the impact of hyperlactatemia on morbidity and to determine factors affecting the length of stay. IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States).

Results:
A strong negative correlation between lactate and oxygenation and perfusion indicators (HCO3, BE, PaO2) during the therapeutic process was observed. With treatment, the initial measured lactate value decreased, and a significant increase in CRP and oxygen saturation was observed, which was interpreted as the observation of an early lactate response to infection before a CRP response. The initial lactate level, as well as the change in lactate levels, was not, however, significantly correlated with the length of stay.

Conclusion:
Lactate can be used in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and for determining prognosis.