bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of pre-strain on microstructure and stamping ability of TA2 titanium alloy and H260 low-alloy steel
Authors: Liu Po , Wen Zhicheng , Wang Zhiguo , Liu Zheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Applying pre-strain can not only change the microstructure and the mechanical property of metal material but also affect sheet metal stamping ability. In this paper, taking H260 low-alloy steel and TA2 titanium alloy as experimental materials, pre-strain ranging from 0 to 0.16 was applied using the one-step and the multi-step method respectively. Microstructure observation, tensile test, bending test, and cup bulging test were conducted on the pre-strained samples. Results show that in the pre-strain loading stage, the slipping and twinning deformation occurs in the TA2 alloy sample while dislocation sliding mainly happens in H260 low-alloy. With pre-strain increasing, the product of ultimate tensile strength and elongation rate gradually decreases, and the true ultimate tensile stress and accumulating elongation change rarely. The “product of yielding strength and elongation rate” can be enhanced by applying a pre-strain of 0.04 on the condition that plasticity is still at a high level. In the pre-strain range of 0 - 0.16, a bending test with a 30.8 °-opening angle can be completed on H260 steel. The springback angle changes from negative to positive with an increase in pre-strain. The bending ability of TA2 titanium alloy is very poor, for a crack can easily occur even in the original sample. The cupping value decreases gradually with an increase in pre-strain. The cupping value of TA2 titanium alloy is higher than that of H260 low alloy steel for the constant pre-strain. A quite large difference exists between the two experimental materials. Pre-strain loading pass has no significant effect on the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and stamping properties.
System integration of ATLAS ITK Pixel DCS ASICs
Authors: Qamesh A. , Ahmad R. , Ecker D. , Fischer T. , Karagounis M. , Kind P. , Kersten S. , Krawutschke T. , Schreiter L. , Zeitnitz C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
During the ATLAS phase II upgrade, the tracking system of the ATLAS experiment will be
replaced by an all-silicon detector called the inner tracker (ITK) with a pixel detector as the
most inner part. The monitoring data of the new system will be aggregated from an on-detector ASIC
called Monitoring Of Pixel System (MOPS) and sent to the Detector Control System (DCS) using a new
interface called MOPS-HUB. The hardware components of the MOPS-HUB, firmware specifications for
the FPGA of the MOPS-HUB and its integration plan will be presented. In
addition, an irradiation plan for the new system will be introduced.
An alternative SNR-based weighted-LSM algorithm to classify and measure the concentration of Biological Agents from Laser-Induced Fluorescence
Authors: Puleio A. , Martellucci L. , Rossi R. , Rutigliano N. , Wyss I. , Gaudio P. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Optical spectroscopic techniques, such as Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) or Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF), have already been used to study and detect Biological Agents (BAs). Unfortunately, BAs usually share similar-shaped emitted spectra and low-signal intensities, making their detection and classification difficult to assess.

Least-Square Minimisation (LSM) based algorithms are usually deployed to measure the concentration of agents from spectra. Recently, it has been shown how the use of ad hoc weights can help in improving the performance of the concentration evaluation. More specifically, it has been observed that the “weight matrix” should be modelled as a function of the boundary conditions of the problem.

This work proposes a new weight matrix that is based on the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the measurements. The idea is based on the fact that more noisy data are less reliable and therefore weight should be lowered.

The paper, after a brief introduction and review of the LSM applied to spectra, will show the new methodology. A systematic analysis of the new algorithm is done and the comparison with the other LSM algorithms is presented. The results clearly show that there is a range of parameters for which the new algorithm performs better.
Characterisation of N2-GEM: a beam monitor based on Ar-N2 gas mixture
Authors: Cancelli S. , Alimagno H. , Muraro A. , Perelli Cippo E. , Caruggi F. , Grosso G. , Gorini G. , Kushoro M.H. , Marcer G. , Putignano O. , Scionti J. , Tardocchi M. , Croci G. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The gas recycle is nowadays an important issue for gaseous detectors operation under study and for this reason, scientists are testing new gas systems for GEM detectors. Since some gas purifier does not allow to use oxygen, the standard Ar-CO2 (70%–30%) cannot be used; thus, new gas mixtures are under investigation. This paper presents the study of a triple GEM detector filled with new gas mixture based on Argon and Nitrogen (Ar-N2) at different concentrations: 90%–10%, 80%–20% and 70%–30%. The GEM detector characterisation has provided the High Voltage working point for the gas mixtures and a comparison between the Ar-CO2 and the Ar-N2.
Setting a reference for wetland carbon: the importance of accounting for hydrology, topography, and natural variability
Authors: Stewart Graham A , Kottkamp Anna I , Williams Michael R , Palmer Margaret A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Wetland soils are a key global sink for organic carbon (C) and a focal point for C management and accounting efforts. The ongoing push for wetland restoration presents an opportunity for climate mitigation, but C storage expectations are poorly defined due to a lack of reference information and an incomplete understanding of what drives natural variability among wetlands. We sought to address these shortcomings by (1) quantifying the range of variability in wetland soil organic C (SOC) stocks on a depressional landscape (Delmarva Peninsula, USA) and (2) investigating the role of hydrology and relative topography in explaining variability among wetlands. We found a high degree of variability within individual wetlands and among wetlands with similar vegetation and hydrogeomorphic characteristics. This suggests that uncertainty should be presented explicitly when inferring ecosystem processes from wetland types or land cover classes. Differences in hydrologic regimes, particularly the rate of water level recession, explained some of the variability among wetlands, but relationships between SOC stocks and some hydrologic metrics were eclipsed by factors associated with separate study sites. Relative topography accounted for a similar portion of SOC stock variability as hydrology, indicating that it could be an effective substitute in large-scale analyses. As wetlands worldwide are restored and focus increases on quantifying C benefits, the importance of appropriately defining and assessing reference systems is paramount. Our results highlight the current uncertainty in this process, but suggest that incorporating landscape heterogeneity and drivers of natural variability into reference information may improve how wetland restoration is implemented and evaluated.
Transparent flexible fluorescent films based on natural rubber composited with quantum dots for traffic equipment
Authors: Suntijitrungruang O , Pon-On W , Boonchui S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Quantum dots are one of the nanotechnology materials applied in various ways like flexible electronic devices and others. In this work, we study and synthesize semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) to produce fluorescent natural rubber films by the technique called directed blending. We illustrate the appropriate ratio of mixtures employed in our method such as quantum dot colloidal solutions and natural latex as well as moles between each substance. During the process, the liquid composite and rubber adhesive is applied to the surface for creating flexible fluorescent films that can be dried at room temperature. In addition, these flexible fluorescent films can be covered with diverse curved surfaces applied probably as a traffic device like luminous traffic cones or traffic signs that glow at night. Based on the unique properties of our products, our research provides an application developed from quantum dot nanotechnology.
Preparation and Characterization of Novel Membrane from Waste Polyethylene terephthalate and Bio-based Polymer
Authors: Jareonsri L , Nawalertpanya S , Jantaporn W 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A large amount of post-consumer Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle waste could be recycled for downstream products. In this work, used PET bottles were utilized as a raw material to develop environmentally-friendly ultrafiltration membranes by phase inversion technique. Poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF), prepared from a sustainable bio-based monomer, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), was blended into rPET matrix to improve the mechanical properties of the membrane. Ethanol was also used as a non-solvent in a coagulation bath and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with a molecular weight of 400 Da was added as a hydrophilic additive. The effects of PEF and PEG incorporation to waste PET-based membranes have been thoroughly studied. The morphology of obtained membrane was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The membrane’s permeation and resistance were tested using a pressure-driven dead-end membrane module. The result revealed that adding PEF increased the roughness of the membrane surface, which lowered the flux recovery ratio and rejection performance. However, the filtration performance and the membrane resistance could be improved by adjusting the content of the PEG additive.
Synthesis of Self-organic Assembly Monolayers to Improve the Stability of Perovskite Films
Authors: Phonglumjiakngam P , Pootrakulchote N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, photovoltaic devices based on perovskite materials have become one of the energy conversion field’s most in study topics. FAPbI3 stands out among a wide variety of perovskite structural materials with the advantages of a suitable band structure, long carrier diffusion distance, and so on. Unfortunately, the FAPbI3 perovskite films still lack some stability. It is well known that UV light and humidity strongly affect perovskite solar cell (PSC) performances, leading to the service life-time limitation of the device. Here, we propose strategies to improve the stability of PSCs by means of the interface engineering [1] between the electron transport layer and the perovskite active layer by inserting the self-organic assembled monolayers (SAMs). [2] The derivatives of Triethoxy(4-methoxyphenyl)silane (SAM1) and Triethoxy(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)silane (SAM2) were synthesized using Grignard reaction [3] then inserted between the electron transport layer and perovskite active layer of PSC test devices in order to improve the hydrophobicity of the cell. Preliminary results showed that the perovskite active layers that have been modified with SAMs appear denser than those without modification. The overall conversion efficiency and stability of the SAMs-modified PSC devices will be further tested to prove more stable than those of unmodified devices.
Mechanical properties of the laser powder deposition and laser powder bed fusion printed 316L
Authors: Hietala M , Rautio T , Mäkikangas J , Järvenpää A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Metal 3D printing technologies have made it possible to produce different parts, but the mechanical properties of the parts connected using different 3D printing technologies have not yet been sufficiently studied. In the study, 316L stainless steel was laser powder deposited (DED) with laser cladding head on the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) printed 316L and the joint was investigated experimentally. The microstructure of the joint was examined from the cross-sections of the joint by optical microscopy. The mechanical properties of the joint were evaluated by hardness measurements and tensile strength tests. The microstructure of the deposited structure was similar to the typical 316L printed structure, but at the joint, due to the higher heat input of the DED process, an increase in grain size was clearly visible. Based on the hardness measurements, the hardness profile of the joint was very even, and the average hardness was approximately 305 HV. The tensile strength of the PBF-LB and DED joint was 549 MPa which is approximately 11% lower than the tensile strength of PBF-LB printed 316L.
Incorporation of Rubber Waste to Fiber Cement Composite: Comparative Study of Rubber Tire Waste and Rubber Band Waste
Authors: Kajon S , Hancharoen K , Kamhangrittirong P , Suwanna P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study compares the effects of rubber tire waste and rubber band waste on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of cement composite for roofing application. The rubber particles, prepared from waste rubber tire (RT) and/or calcium carbonate filled rubber band (RB), were mixed with cement paste and tested for workability and flexural strength. It was found that RT yields higher workability than RB when mixed with the cement paste. The rubber-cement composites (CR) with the combination of RT and RB at the RT:RB volume fraction of 1.00:0.00 (CRT), 0.75:0.25 (CRT.75/B.25) and 0.50:0.50 (CRT.50/B.50) have sufficient workability and flexural strength. When mixing different rubber particles with oil palm fibers and the cement paste to obtain CFRT, CFRT.75/B.25, CFRT.50/B.50 rubber-fiber-cement composites, the composites with higher RT content have higher flexural strength, while those with higher RB content have lower thermal conductivity, implying better thermal insulation property. More importantly, all three types of rubber-fiber-cement composites yield excellent thermal insulation property, and meet the flexural strength required by the industrial standard for the fiber-cement roof tile sheets. The results suggest that the waste rubber-waste oil palm fiber-cement composites can be viable candidates for roofing application with promising potential for energy saving.
Considering Questions Before Methods in Dementia Research With Competing Events and Causal Goals
Authors: Rojas-Saunero L Paloma , Young Jessica G , Didelez Vanessa , Ikram M Arfan , Swanson Sonja A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Studying causal exposure effects on dementia is challenging when death is a competing event. Researchers often interpret death as a potential source of bias, although bias cannot be defined or assessed if the causal question is not explicitly specified. Here we discuss 2 possible notions of a causal effect on dementia risk: the “controlled direct effect” and the “total effect.” We provide definitions and discuss the “censoring” assumptions needed for identification in either case and their link to familiar statistical methods. We illustrate concepts in a hypothetical randomized trial on smoking cessation in late midlife, and emulate such a trial using observational data from the Rotterdam Study, the Netherlands, 1990–2015. We estimated a total effect of smoking cessation (compared with continued smoking) on 20-year dementia risk of 2.1 (95% confidence interval: −0.1, 4.2) percentage points and a controlled direct effect of smoking cessation on 20-year dementia risk had death been prevented of −2.7 (95% confidence interval: −6.1, 0.8) percentage points. Our study highlights how analyses corresponding to different causal questions can have different results, here with point estimates on opposite sides of the null. Having a clear causal question in view of the competing event and transparent and explicit assumptions are essential to interpreting results and potential bias.
Cannabidiol as a candidate pharmacotherapy for sleep disturbance in alcohol use disorder
Authors: Gendy Marie N S , Frey Benicio N , Van Ameringen Michael , Kuhathasan Nirushi , MacKillop James 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmong individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), it is estimated that the majority suffer from persistent sleep disturbances for which few candidate medications are available. Our aim wass to critically review the potential for cannabidiol (CBD) as a treatment for AUD-induced sleep disturbance. As context, notable side effects and abuse liability for existing medications for AUD-induced sleep disturbance reduce their clinical utility. CBD modulation of the endocannabinoid system and favorable safety profile have generated substantial interest in its potential therapeutic use for various medical conditions. A number of preclinical and clinical studies suggest promise for CBD in restoring the normal sleep–wake cycle and in enhancing sleep quality in patients diagnosed with AUD. Based on its pharmacology and the existing literature, albeit primarily preclinical and indirect, CBD is a credible candidate to address alcohol-induced sleep disturbance. Well-designed RCTs will be necessary to test its potential in managing this challenging feature of AUD.
Design and Application of a Novel Silicone Nasal Implant
Authors: Zhang Jianjun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Traditional silicone implants used in augmentation rhinoplasty lead to postoperative complications.

Objectives
To introduce a novel silicone implant designed to reduce postoperative complications.

Methods
The author designed a novel modification for the traditional silicone nasal implant, which has a particle surface, vertical and horizontal grooves, and a special vertical board to support the nasal tip. A total of 114 consecutive clinical cases were retrospectively reviewed from September 2016 to November 2022, with a minimum of 36 months and an average 51 months of follow-up. All patients underwent augmentation rhinoplasty using this novel implant, with 97 (85.09%) patients using only the silicone and 17 (14.91%) the silicone implant with conchal cartilage. Surgical complications such as sliding down, redness, extrusion, deviation, translucency, capsular contracture, or infection were recorded.

Results
The median patient age was 28 (range, 18-55) years, with 109 female and 5 male patients. Among the 114 cases, 46 (40.35%) involved primary surgery and 68 (59.65%) involved revisional surgery. The overall complication rate was 4.39%, and 0.88% of the patients had slight redness, 0.88% had intermittent pain, and 2.63% had infections. No other complication was observed, and all complications occurred in revisional surgeries. A total of 109 patients (95.61%) showed satisfying results without any postoperative complication. None of the patients with primary surgery reported postoperative complications.

Conclusions
The novel silicone nasal implant can effectively reduce the rate of postoperative complications. Therefore, augmentation rhinoplasty using this implant enables a more natural-looking outcome.

Level of Evidence: 3
Computational approaches for circRNAs prediction andin silicocharacterization
Authors: Rebolledo Camilo , Silva Juan Pablo , Saavedra Nicolás , Maracaja-Coutinho Vinicius 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded and covalently closed non-coding RNA molecules originated from RNA splicing. Their functions include regulatory potential over other RNA species, such as microRNAs, messenger RNAs and RNA binding proteins. For circRNA identification, several algorithms are available and can be classified in two major types: pseudo-reference-based and split-alignment-based approaches. In general, the data generated from circRNA transcriptome initiatives is deposited on public specific databases, which provide a large amount of information on different species and functional annotations. In this review, we describe the main computational resources for the identification and characterization of circRNAs, covering the algorithms and predictive tools to evaluate its potential role in a particular transcriptomics project, including the public repositories containing relevant data and information for circRNAs, recapitulating their characteristics, reliability and amount of data reported.
Sexual harassment disproportionately affects ecology and evolution graduate students with multiple marginalized identities in the United States
Authors: Wilkins Kate , Carroll Sarah L , Davis Kristin P , Hauptfeld Rina , Jones Megan S , Larson Courtney L , Laverty Theresa M , Pejchar Liba 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSexual harassment within academic institutions has profound impacts that may lead to the attrition of groups historically excluded from the biological sciences and related disciplines. To understand sexual harassment's effects on vulnerable communities within academia, we examined graduate student experiences with sexual harassment. In a survey of ecology and evolutionary biology programs across the United States, we found that 38% of the graduate student respondents were sexually harassed during their time in these programs. Sexual harassment disproportionately affected graduate students with multiple intersecting marginalized identities, and these experiences led to delays in completing graduate programs and shifts away from their desired careers. Our research highlights the need for academic institutions, and science more broadly, to make widespread changes to sexual harassment policies, including treating sexual harassment as scientific misconduct and creating resources for individuals within students’ informal support networks, in tandem with efforts to dismantle barriers to advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion.
An interferon gamma response signature links myocardial aging and immunosenescence
Authors: Ashour DiyaaElDin , Rebs Sabine , Arampatzi Panagiota , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Dudek Jan , Schulz Richard , Hofmann Ulrich , Frantz Stefan , Cochain Clément , Streckfuß-Bömeke Katrin , Campos Ramos Gustavo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
Aging entails profound immunological transformations that can impact myocardial homeostasis and predispose to heart failure. However, preclinical research in the immune-cardiology field is mostly conducted in young healthy animals, which potentially weakens its translational relevance. Herein, we sought to investigate how the aging T-cell compartment associates with changes in myocardial cell biology in aged mice.

Methods and results
We phenotyped the antigen-experienced effector/memory T cells purified from heart-draining lymph nodes of 2-, 6-, 12-, and 18-month-old C57BL/6J mice using single-cell RNA/T cell receptor sequencing. Simultaneously, we profiled all non-cardiomyocyte cell subsets purified from 2- to 18-month-old hearts and integrated our data with publicly available cardiomyocyte single-cell sequencing datasets. Some of these findings were confirmed at the protein level by flow cytometry. With aging, the heart-draining lymph node and myocardial T cells underwent clonal expansion and exhibited an up-regulated pro-inflammatory transcription signature, marked by an increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production. In parallel, all major myocardial cell populations showed increased IFN-γ responsive signature with aging. In the aged cardiomyocytes, a stronger IFN-γ response signature was paralleled by the dampening of expression levels of transcripts related to most metabolic pathways, especially oxidative phosphorylation. Likewise, induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes exposed to chronic, low grade IFN-γ treatment showed a similar inhibition of metabolic activity.

Conclusions
By investigating the paired age-related alterations in the T cells found in the heart and its draining lymph nodes, we provide evidence for increased myocardial IFN-γ signaling with age, which is associated with inflammatory and metabolic shifts typically seen in heart failure.