bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Costs and cost-effectiveness of Shamiri, a brief, layperson-delivered intervention for Kenyan adolescents: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kacmarek Corinne N. , Johnson Natalie E. , Osborn Tom L. , Wasanga Christine , Weisz John R. , Yates Brian T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have the highest socio-economic burden of mental health disorders, yet the fewest resources for prevention. Recently, many intervention strategies — including the use of brief, scalable interventions— have emerged as ways of reducing the mental health treatment gap in LMICs. But how do decision makers prioritize and optimize the allocation of limited resources? One approach is through the evaluation of delivery costs alongside intervention effectiveness of various types of interventions. Here, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Shamiri, a group– and school–based intervention for adolescent depression and anxiety that is delivered by lay-provider and that teaches growth mindset, gratitude, and value affirmation.
Methods: We estimated the cost-effectiveness of Shamiri using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) guidelines for economic evaluations. Changes in depression and anxiety were estimated at treatment termination and 7-month follow-up using a standard definition and reliable and clinically significant change definition of treatment benefit. Cost-effectiveness metrics included effectiveness-cost ratios and cost per number needed to treat.
Results: Base case cost assumptions estimated that delivering Shamiri cost $15.17 (in 2021 U.S dollars) per student. A sensitivity analysis, which varied cost and clinical change definitions, estimated it cost between $48.28 and $172.72 to help 1 student in Shamiri, relative to the control, achieve reliable and clinically significant change in depression and anxiety by 7-month follow-up.
Conclusions: Shamiri appears to be a low-cost intervention that can produce clinically meaningful reductions in depression and anxiety. Lay providers can deliver effective treatment for a fraction of the time that is required to become a licensed mental health provider (10 days vs. multiple years), which is a strength from an economic perspective. Additionally, Shamiri produced reliable and clinically significant reductions in depression and anxiety after only 4 weekly sessions instead of the traditional 12-16 weekly sessions necessary for gold-standard cognitive behavioral therapy. The cost per “treated” student is acceptable relative to other school-based adolescent mental health interventions that have ranged from $52 to $56,500 per student with a successful outcome.
Trial registration: This study was registered prior to participant enrollment in the Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR201906525818462), registered 20 Jun 2019, https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/Search.aspx.
The expression of CD24 in granulosa cells of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome affects the clinical outcome of assisted reproductive technology
Authors: Yin Zhe , Jiao Yufan , Chen Qizhen , Guo Shana , Liang Jiaqi , Wu Hao , Wang Yanqiu , Wu Huanmei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）is one of the most common reproductive endocrine disorders affecting approximately 5-20% of women in the reproductive age. Patients with PCOS also have chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, which can lead to abnormalities in the follicular development microenvironment, resulting in the accumulation of small follicles in the ovary, polycystic ovarian morphology, and ovulatory dysfunction. Some studies have shown that CD24 has multiple immune functions and plays an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory responses, and tumors. Moreover, recent studies indicated that CD24 plays a critical role in ovulation and may be related to PCOS. However, there is a lack of clinical data support, and the mechanism by which CD24 affects PCOS remains unclear. In this study, we explored CD24 differential expression in ovarian granulosa cells of patients with PCOS infertility by SCRB-Seq (single cell RNA barcoding and sequencing). Furthermore, increased CD24 mRNA level correlated with serum AMH in ovarian granulosa cells and BMI index. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between granulosa cell CD24 mRNA expression and numbers of retrieved oocytes, two-pronuclear zygotes (2PN), transferable embryos, good quality embryos and cleaved embryos. At the same time, we found that CD24 mRNA is significantly higher in pregnant patients than in non-pregnant ones in granulosa cells, suggesting that CD24 is associated with PCOS, and it may influence the clinical outcome of PCOS patients undergoing IVF.
How does population aging affect China's energy consumption?
Authors: Yu Yuehan , Feng Hao , Yuan Rong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In China, the proportion of elderly population is growing, influencing economic development and energy consumption. We examine the correlation between China’s population aging and energy consumption in short and long run from 1997 to 2020 using the pooled mean group (PMG) estimation and debate the mechanisms behind it based on mediating effects and threshold effects models. According to the PMG results, for energy consumption, the long-term impact from population aging is negative, with each 1% population aging increase leading to a 0.348% decrease in energy consumption. GDP per capita and capital stock have positive correlations with energy consumption, while industrial structure is negatively correlated. Technological progress significantly increases the amount of energy consumption. The scale and technological effects is responsible for the mediating role in the negative effect of population aging on energy consumption, according to the mechanism analysis. Moreover, both population size and technological progress construct the nonlinear relationship between population aging and energy consumption. Policy implications suggest a comprehensive approach to reducing population growth, improving energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable technologies while promoting sustainable economic development.
The Importance of Decreased Expression Levels of BAT5 and IL21R-AS1 in Circulating Leukocytes of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Senturk Hilal , Karaayvaz Ekrem Bilal , Oksen Dogac , Yildiz Mustafa , Yildiz Cenk Eray , Gedikbasi Asuman , Komurcu-Bayrak Evrim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cellular processes and disease pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to show the relationships and possible effects of the expression level of two lncRNAs in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in circulating leukocytes.
Methods and Results: In this case-control study, the relationship between AMI and expression levels of two candidate lncRNAs, called BAT5 (HLA-B-Associated Transcript 5) and IL21R-AS1 (IL21R antisense RNA 1), in 231 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions were investigated. Expression levels of lncRNAs in leukocytes were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The m6A modification regions and subcellular localizations of these lncRNAs were predicted by in silico analysis. Routine biochemical and immunoassay analyzes were performed on Roche Cobas 8000/e701 integrated automated analyzer with their original kits. Ranked ANCOVA tests were used to compare expression levels of lncRNAs between groups after adjusting for gender and use of cardiovascular drugs. The crude and adjusted expression levels of BAT5 and IL21R-AS1 in leukocytes of AMI patients (n=128) were found to decrease compared to the control cases (n=103) (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). In addition, these lncRNAs were negatively correlated with cardiac biomarkers and serum electrolytes in each group (p<0.015). The intracellular functional localization of both lncRNAs is non-nuclear. The number of high confidence m6A modification regions of BAT5 and IL21R-AS1 transcripts was determined as 5 and 4, respectively.
Conclusion: This study indicates that the decreased expression levels of BAT5 and IL21R-AS1 are associated with the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in individuals.
Electronic sensing and ablation needles for medical diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Hu Yijiang , Limpabandhu Chayabhan , Tse Zion 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Electronic biopsy sensing needle caught researchers’ interest as they cause minimal damage to patient’s viscera and vascular tissues and utilize AC voltage to measure the bioimpedance changes in pathological tissue. Researchers have studied the application of bioimpedance sensing in needle-based devices to diagnose cancer, extravasation, and neuromuscular disease. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) have been selected technique to analyse the electrical properties of bio-tissues. Biopsy sensing needles are classified into conventional needles and novel needles, differing in their structure and technique application. Conventional needles consisted of an inner element (a metal wire) and an outer element (a metal cannula), which are electrically isolated. The majority of novel needles are comprised of new sensors/electrodes on the surface of the needle shaft, with the needles being fabricated using new materials and methods. Novel techniques such as RF wirelessly powering, ultrasonic wirelessly powering, and electrolytic non-thermal ablation were researched in RF ablation. This review paper focuses on presenting the applications of electronic needles in medical diagnosis and treatment. The experiment results of pathological detection by conventional sensing needles are presented. Then, the structure, material, fabrication methods, and test results of novel sensing needles are introduced. Furthermore, novel tissue discrimination methods and novel RF ablation needles are introduced. Finally challenges and future work are discussed.
Visualization of π-hole in molecules by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy
Authors: Jelinek Pavel , Mallada Benjamin , Ondracek Martin , Lamanec Maximilián , Gallardo Aurelio , Jiménez-Martín Alejandro , Torre Bruno de la , Hobza Pavel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Submolecular charge distribution significantly affects the physical-chemical properties of molecules and their mutual interaction. One example is the presence of a π-electron-deficient cavity in halogen-substituted polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds, the so-called π-holes, the existence of which was predicted theoretically, but the direct experimental observation is still missing. Here we present the resolution of the π-hole on a single molecule using the Kelvin probe force microscopy, which confirms the theoretical prediction of its existence. In addition, experimental measurements supported by theoretical calculations show the importance of π-holes in the process of adsorption of molecules on solid-state surfaces. This study expands our understanding of the π-hole systems and, at the same time, opens up possibilities for studying the influence of submolecular charge distribution on the chemical properties of molecules and their mutual interaction.
Anesthesiologists’ conceptions of learning anesthesia in the context of their specialty training program: A phenomenographic study.
Authors: Chin Hanna , Ingerman Åke , Hergès Helena Odenstedt 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
There are challenges and complexities involved in training anesthesiologists, particularly in defining and teaching excellence in anesthesia. While formal curricula cover knowledge, practical skills, and professional competencies, the acquisition of less easily defined skills, such as tacit knowledge, is often overlooked. The focus on measurable competencies has resulted in a lack of attention to the true curriculum of anesthesia education. Competency-based training has been proposed as a way to bridge this gap but may oversimplify the complex aspects of professional anesthesia practice.
This study uses a phenomenographic research approach to investigate how anesthesiology trainees and specialists, from a student perspective, perceive an excellent anesthesiologist and the learning process. The aim is to develop a well-articulated descriptive framework of the essence and important educational aspects of a specialty training program in anesthesia.
Methods
15 semi-structured interviews about their understanding of learning anesthesia were conducted with trainees and specialists at a university hospital in Sweden. Data were analyzed using a phenomenographic approach.
Results
This study identified three different conceptions of learning anesthesia within the context of a specialty training program: "Learning Competencies of Anesthesia," "Learning Work as an Anesthesiologist" and "Learning Being an Anesthesiology Professional." These conceptions ranged from a relatively instrumental view of education and self-responsibility for learning to a perspective of continuous personal reflection and development integrated with professional interaction. The three conceptions can be described in six dimensions describing the variation in approach to learning and the conceptualization of an anesthesiologist. Relationships between the conceptions and the dimensions were represented in a descriptive framework, showing the hierarchy of increasing understanding.
Conclusion
This study has identified various perspectives of students on what it means to be an anesthesiologist and the learning process involved in becoming one. This provides a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of learning in this field. These insights are invaluable for various stakeholders, including organizers of specialty training programs, educational supervisors, and specialty trainees. They have the potential to aid in the development of future training programs, help teachers support students, and provide accurate information on what and how to learn for specialty trainees in anesthesiology.
Effect mechanism of serrated joint design on microstructure and mechanical properties of AA2024 and AA7075 alloy friction stir welding
Authors: Zhou Yutao , Deng Yongfang , Zeng Jincheng , Ou Yangxin , Hu liang , Li ZiHang , Liu BaixXong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, three different parameters of the serrated joint interface design are proposed to improve the strength of the joint,and the relationship between joint design and mechanical properties was studied in detail. In addition, the influence of joint design on welding was also studied.The results show that the joint strength increases first and then decreases with the increase of the width of the serrated joint. When the width of serrated joint is 1.5mm, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint is the highest (383Mpa). With the width of the serrated joint increases, the effective load bearing area increases and the energy caused by work hardening increases. When the width of the joint is too wide, defects such as holes will occur at the bottom of the material, ultimately resulting in decreased strength.In addition, the number of fine hook structures formed at the interface is related to the width of the joint design. The wider the width of the serrated joint, the more hook structures are formed.
A Piece-wise solution to Bipolar Fuzzy Initial Value Problem
Authors: Ahmady Elham , Ahmady Nazanin , Allahviranloo Tofigh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, a new solution for the bipolar fuzzy initial value problem is proposed. This method is obtained by approximating the solution by piece-wise polynomial of order three. The existence and uniqueness of the solution and convergence of the method are discussed in detail. Finally, for more explanation, several numerical examples are solved.
Nanodrug delivery system targeting FAP for the combined treatment of oral leukoplakia
Authors: Li Ran , Zhao Yingjiao , Liu Tiantian , Li Yanwei , Wan Chaoqiong , Gao Ruifang , Liu Chen , Li Xianqi , Li Bing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Oral leukoplakia (OLK) has received much attention due to its potential risk of malignant transformation. Studies have shown that when drug therapy is combined with photothermal therapy (PTT), not only can the cytotoxicity of the drug be enhanced, but also the heat energy can be used to kill the lesion cells, so we can combine drug therapy with PTT to enhance the therapeutic effect on OLK. However, with certain drawbacks due to its lack of targeting, fibroblast activating protein (FAP) has become an attractive target for OLK combination therapy. In this study, we used NGO-PEG loaded with FAP-targeting peptide and celecoxib (CXB) to construct a nano-drug delivery system CGPF for targeting OLK with high FAP expression, and confirmed the biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy of CGPF by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Overall, the novel nano-drug delivery system CGPF proposed in this study showed a very significant potential for the combination therapy of OLK.
A content analysis of YouTube Videos on Tinnitus in South Korea
Authors: Seo Hee Won , Ha Jung Woo , Kwak Jin Hye , Byun Hayoung , Lee Seung Hwan , Chung Jae Ho 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
More people use the internet for medical information, especially YouTube. Nevertheless, no study has been conducted to analyze the quality of YouTube videos about tinnitus in Korea. This study aims to review the contents and quality of YouTube videos on tinnitus. The top 100 Korean YouTube videos on tinnitus were reviewed by a tinnitus expert. This study assessed video details: title, creator, length, and popularity indicators - subscribers, views, and likes. The contents of the video clips were analyzed to determine the relevant information they contained, and their understandability and actionability scores were also assessed. Out of 100 tinnitus videos, 27 were created by otolaryngologists, 25 by Oriental medicine doctors, 25 by other medical professionals, and 3 by lay persons. Sensorineural tinnitus was frequently dealt, and hearing loss, stress, and noise were introduced as main causes of tinnitus. Otolaryngologists' videos covered verified treatments, but others suggested unproven therapies including herbal medicine or acupressure. Otolaryngologists' videos had higher understandability than Oriental doctors (p = 0.003) and other medical professionals (p < 0.001). This study found that tinnitus YouTube videos frequently present low-quality and incorrect material, which could have an adverse effect on patients. Results highlight the need for tinnitus specialists to provide accurate information.
Optimal Energy Management Applying Load Elasticity Integrating Renewable Resources
Authors: Ragab Mohamed Mustafa , Ibrahim Rania A. , Desouki Hussein , Swief Rania 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urban growth aimed at developing smart cities confronts several obstacles, such as difficulties and costs in constructing stations and meeting consumer demands. These are possible to overcome by integrating Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) with the help of demand side management (DSM) for managing generation and loading profiles to minimize electricity bills while accounting for reduction in carbon emissions and the peak to average ratio (PAR) of the load. This study aims to achieve a multi-objective goal of optimizing energy management in smart cities which is accomplished by optimally allocating RESs combined with demand response (DR) for creating a flexible load profile under RESs and load uncertainty. A comprehensive study is applied to IEEE 69-bus with different scenarios using Sea-Horse Optimization (SHO) for optimal citing and sizing of the RESs while serving the objectives of minimizing total power losses and reducing PAR. SHO performance is evaluated and compared to other techniques such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Whale Optimization (WO) algorithms. The results show that combining elastic load shifting with optimal sizing and allocation using SHO achieves a global optimum solution for the highest power loss reduction while using a significantly smaller sized RESs than the counterpart.
An Investigation on Administration of Medicines and Survival in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Treated with Nintedanib or Pirfenidone
Authors: Zhao Ruiming , Xie Bingbing , Wang Xin , Zhang Xinran , Ren Yanhong , Dai Huaping , Wang Chen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal lung disease that lacking effective therapeutics. Treatment with pirfenidone or nintedanib is recommended for patients to delay the progression of the disease. Anti-fibrosis drugs may cause adverse reactions, even interrupt the treatment, affecting the disease's progress.
Objective:To investigation the current situation and adverse reactions of using pirfenidone and nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Methods: We recruited patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who were treated with pirfenidone or nintedanib in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from February 2017 to February 2022. Conduct an investigation of the medication situation, adverse reactions and survival of patients while taking medications.
Results: A total of 303 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis were enrolled in the study, including 205 patients received pirfenidone and 98 patients received nintedanib. Baseline data between the two groups were not significantly different. Patients treated with nintedanib had a higher overall discontinuation rate than those treated with pirfenidone (61.22 vs 32.68%, P<0.001). The primary reason of patients discontinued treatment across all patient groups is medication-related adverse effects. Compared to pirfenidone, nintedanib had a significantly higher rate of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events (48.98% vs 27.80%, P<0.001). Both drugs have digestive system side effects, diarrhea is the most common. Pirfenidone was associated with a higher rate of extra-digestive adverse effects than nintedanib. Survival was not significantly different between the two drugs, and the use of pirfenidone above 1200 mg/day did not confer significant survival benefits.
Conclusion: Gastrointestinal adverse effects are the main adverse effects that arise from performing antifibrotic therapy. Patients taking nintedanib were more likely to interrupt their treatment due to gastrointestinal side effects, while patients taking pirfenidone had more extra gastrointestinal side effects. It is possible that patients might benefit from modifying dosages of antifibrotic drugs according to their own tolerance, but taking more than 1200 mg/day of pirfenidone did not seem to produce any significant improvements in patient survival time.
Automated Glaucoma Detection Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Singh Sukhpal , Sambyal Nitigya , Aggarwal Ashutosh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Glaucoma is a degenerative eye disease that affects the optic nerve. If untreated, it can lead to irreversible vision loss and blindness. Early detection and treatment of glaucoma are essential to prevent and control irreversible vision loss. In this paper, we have proposed a deep learning-based method for the automated detection of glaucoma from fundus images. We have designed and implemented two convolutional neural network models, namely modified VGG16 and modified ResNet-50, for automatic feature extraction and classification. On the ACRIMA dataset, the proposed modified VGG16 achieved 94% accuracy, 80.95% specificity and 97.47% sensitivity. In comparison, the modified ResNet-50 model achieved 93% accuracy, 85.71% specificity and 94.94% sensitivity. Both the models outperformed the existing glaucoma detection methods in literature and provided state-of-the-art results. The proposed deep learning models have the potential to significantly improve the accuracy, speed, and convenience of glaucoma screening and diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings. The results of our study suggest that deep learning models can serve as practical tools for automated glaucoma detection and assist clinicians in early diagnosis, leading to timely treatment.