bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN SWITCH CONTROL THERMOSTAT PADA WATER HEATER KAPASITAS 10 LITER DENGAN DAYA 300 WATT
Authors: Simamora Antonius Managam , Siringo- ringo Kolombus 
Published: January 2023

Untuk mempertahankan agar pemanasan dan pendinginan air terkendali sesuai yang diharapkan dibutuhkan mendeteksi suhu sistem fisik dan melakukan tindakan sehingga suhu sistem bisa dipertahankan mendekati titik yang diinginkan. Thermostat digunakan di perangkat atau sistem apa pun yang memanaskan atau mendinginkan hingga titik suhu yang dibutuhkan, termasuk kebutuhan pemanasan ruang gedung, pemanas sentral, AC, sistem HVAC, pemanas air, serta peralatan dapur termasuk oven dan lemari es serta inkubator medis. Dalam literatur ilmiah, perangkat ini sering diklasifikasikan secara luas sebagai beban yang dikontrol secara thermostatik (TCL). Thermostat merupakan suatu perangkat yang dapat memutuskan dan menyambungkan arus listrik pada saat mendeteksi perubahan suhu di lingkungan sekitarnya sesuai dengan pengaturan suhu yang ditentukan. Pada umumnya, Thermostat yang digunakan saat ini dapat kita bedakan menjadi dua jenis utama yaitu Thermostat Mekanikal dan Thermostat Elektronik. Sifat dari thermostat akan mengendalikan suhu sekitar. Jadi pada saat terlalu dingin, maka thermostat akan menyalakan pemanasnya sehingga suhu menjadi tetap hangat. Perangkat pendeteksi suhu ini banyak digunakan di perangkat-perangkat listrik seperti Oven, Kulkas, Air Conditioner (AC), pengendalian suhu mesin di mobil dan Seterika. Melihat permasalahan di atas peneliti merancang sebuah penelitian yang berjudul Rancang Bangun Switch Control Thermostat Pada Water Heater Kapasitas 10 Liter Dengan Daya 300 Watt menggunakan energi dari sumber listrik 220 AC.).
Adaptabilidad y calidad fisicoquímica de cuatro híbridos de tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) en sistema hidropónico en el municipio de Tomatlán, Ver.
Authors: Juárez Juárez María Antonieta Rocío , García Castillo Marali Anaid , Pérez Monjaras Anylu del Carmen , Dávila Lezama María del Rosario , López Garay Luz Anel 
Published: January 2023

En este estudio se evaluaron cuatro cultivares de tomate tipo saladette de crecimiento indeterminado de la casa semillera. Se midieron variables agronómicas y fisicoquímicas. Con respecto al rendimiento se tuvo como resultado que el tratamiento T2 fue la variedad con mayor producción con 108,707.69 ton/ha. superando al resto, y como inferior el tratamiento T1 con 86,977.69 ton/ha. Para el tratamiento T1 Calafia F1 reportó para la variable textura apical con 233.25 mm y la ecuatorial con un valor de 193.49 mm, valor superior a las demás variedades, pero para la textura peduncular el T4 fue de 171.7 mm valor mayor a los demás tratamientos, así como para grosor de pericarpio con 6.8904 mm.
Para las variables pH y solidos solubles totales se encontró que la variedad Calafia F1 alcanzó los valores más altos, los que algunos autores enmarcan como garantía de buen sabor para todas.
Cabe mencionar que los frutos de las cuatro variedades se tuvieron en diferentes ambientes (refrigerados y a temperatura ambiente) como una variable más, de esto se resalta que el hecho de tenerlos bajo condiciones de frio hace que se mantenga el peso de los frutos por mayor tiempo, en consecuencia, el grosor de pericarpio y las demás pruebas de calidad favorecen a los frutos refrigerados.
Se concluye que la producción de tomate en hidroponía bajo condiciones de invernadero es una buena alternativa para los productores del municipio de Tomatlán, Ver., y la selección de las variedades dependerá de las necesidades del productor.
Health Workers' Knowledge and Attitude Towards Healthcare Waste (HCW) Management in the Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia
Authors: Elekeh Rosemary Ichita , Igbokwe Uchanma Adeola , Uka-Kalu Ezinne Chioma 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To enhance the management of healthcare waste and prevent injuries and the spread of diseases, healthcare workers must have appropriate knowledge of sustainable Health Care Waste Management (HCWM) techniques. This study assessed the knowledge and the attitude of health professionals in the Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, towards Health Care Waste Management (HCWM).
Methodology: A structured questionnaire was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 319 participants, yielding 313 responses.
Findings: From the result, it was deduced that the health workers’ knowledge of HCWM was satisfactory; 82.7% had knowledge of the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended standards on HCWM. However, the result also showed that 59.40% of the respondents had not received any training on HCWM in recent years. In terms of their attitude, their responses to questions suggest they have a positive mindset towards their role in HCWM. 85.90% of the health workers practised waste collection by utilizing colour-coded containers and plastic bags. The utilization of other segregation methods was measured, recording mean exceeding the acceptable mean score of 2.5 except for coloured-coded containers (2.08) and plastic bags (2.05). The practice of self-protection from risk was evaluated by determining respondents’ use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during waste handling. The recommended PPEs were always in use, excluding the safety goggles.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study calls for continuous supportive supervision and capacity building (training) among the health workers to ensure effective HCW practice and sustainability. The hospital administration needs to enforce strict biomedical waste management regulations.
Involvement of Men and Women and Poverty Reduction in Hunger Stricken Regions. A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Mwaniki Einsten Mwaniki 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Gender inclusiveness in poverty eradication has been constantly emphasized. The Beijing Platform for Action of 1995 made a commitment to ‘promote an active and visible policy of mainstreaming gender perspective in the monitoring and evaluation of all policies and programmes. The overall objective of this study was to examine involvement of men and women and poverty reduction in hunger stricken regions. A critical literature review
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The study concluded that the anti-poverty projects have had a positive effect on their lives as they have been able to get soft loans to cater for their needs and discipline required to save for future has been instilled in them. The projects have also helped to strengthen the members’ social ties and have enabled them to look after the less fortunate and vulnerable groups in the hunger stricken areas in the Sub-Saharan Africa.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that that the sponsors and the management of the projects should look for more ways of attracting the involvement of men in the projects since it seems they are apathetic to these income generating projects thus leaving it to women who form the bulk of the members. They should come up with men friendly strategies in order to pull more men to these poverty reduction initiatives and make them more representative and all inclusive. They should also strive to erase the notion that such empowerment projects as those in hunger stricken areas target women alone. Empowerment without addressing the burden of domestic chores on women may not achieve much in fighting poverty affecting them.
The contribution of voluntary savings and loan associations towards enhancing household food security in kole district, mid-north Uganda
Authors: Ogwal John Baptist , Obici Gilbert , Mwesigwa David 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study examined the relationship between VSLA activities and household food security in Kole District. Specifically, the study examined the effect of VSLA on three aspects of household food security, namely availability, food access, and food stability.
Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design, which employed a mixed methods approach combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. A target population of 252 respondents including district and sub-county officials, VSLA leaders, and VSLA members was used. Both simple-random sampling and purposive sampling were applied to select a sample size of 148 and data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, interview guide and focus group discussions. Data was largely presented using tables. Descriptive statistics (mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) were used to analyse numerical data while Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.
Findings: The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between activities of VSLA and household food security in the area of study. Also, VSLA activities yielded a significant effect on food availability (β=0.721, P<0.05), food accessibility (β=0.609, P<0.05) and food stability (β=0.761, P<0.05). It was decided that VSLA activities have a significant effect on household food security in Kole District, something that contributes to empirical-evidence of the association between VSLA activities and household food security.
Unique contribution of theory, practice and policy: For improved household food security, it is encouraged that Kole District Local Government should mobilise the local community to join VSLA groups so that they can access affordable capital with a view to increase their level of food production.
END USER INVOLVEMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN KENYAN UNIVERSITIES, A CASE OF CHUKA UNIVERSITY, KENYA.
Authors: Nzovila Rhodah , Mburugu Dr. Kirema Nkanata , Kirima Dr. Lucy Karimi 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study sought to establish the effects of end user involvement in the supply chain performance of higher learning institutions in Kenya.Methodology: The study was conducted at Chuka University procurement department and user departments comprising of 64 respondents from user departments and procurement. The study employed cross-sectional research design. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, pretesting of the research instruments was conducted. To establish the validity of the research instrument, content validity was used while internal consistency method was used to determine the reliability. Correlation analysis followed by multivariate regression analysis was conducted between the independent variables and the dependent variable.Results: Results showed strong statistical significance between supply chain performance and procurement planning. The study also established that there was a strong statistical significance between supply chain performance and specification preparation. It was also established that there was strong statistical significance between supply chain performance and monitoring and evaluation. Lastly, there was strong statistical significance between supply chain performance and inspection and receipt of goods. The findings also revealed that the four independent variables under study only contributed to 63.4% of the dependent variable’s outcome..Conclusion: The study concludes that procurement planning, specification preparation, monitoring and evaluation, and inspection and receipt of goods are good measures of the end user involvement in the effective performance of supply chain, but that more studies need to be done to unearth the hidden variables contributing to the remaining 36.6% factors/variables, in order to get a full picture of the impact of the end-users on supply chain performance. Contribution to policy and practice: Research institutes and scholars will gain vital insights from the study when they want to research further and lastly government together with all its agencies will also gain important information that will inform the policies they come up with in future
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERNAL AUDITING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN ZAMBIA
Authors: Mwanza Olivia , Kaira Benjamin 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This paper aims at examining factors that have an impact on internal audit effectiveness in the public sector. The objective of this study was to device a model that can be used in the public sector to enhance a sound internal auditing system that will boost financial accountability and quality audit work. The study focused on three independent variables such as management support for internal audit activity, organizational independence on the internal audit work, and the adequate of competent internal audit staff.
Methodology: In order to achieve this, a quantitative survey research design was chosen as the research paradigm underpinning the study using structured questionnaires as data collection tool to a sample of 172 respondents comprising of internal auditors and users of internal audit services who were systematically randomly sampled.
Results: The study findings revealed that both management support and organizational independence were low and that internal audit office of the sampled ministries and parastatals had low technical staff proficiency which limited its capacity to provide effective service. In line with the findings, the study recommended that: (i) the management should appreciate the role of IA by providing the necessary resources and trainings. (ii) Government should ensure that the independence of IA is guaranteed for them to work without fear or interference. (iii) Government should recruit and retain Internal Audit candidates based on their qualifications, experience, training attained and certification by the IIA. The research is limited with the issue of generalizability on other settings; therefore, a similar study can be conducted in the private sector using a mixed method approach.
TRANSPARENCY: A GUIDE TO PRACTICING GOOD BUSINESS ETHICS IN NIGERIA
Authors: EZEILO Louis Nwabueze 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This paper examines the relevance of transparency as a guide to practicing good business ethics in Nigerian business environment. It attempts to recognize and identify the role of transparency as a guide to ethics in contemporary business organizations in Nigeria. This is necessitated by the high level of corruption and relevance of business ethics to development in the country. It is, therefore, argued that if businesses are conducted ethically by genuinely embracing transparency, it would create value in the country’s corporate and business environment.
Methodology: The paper adopts an eclectic approach by integrating ideas from different perspectives and organizing them systematically in accordance with the foregoing objective while situating Nigeria as the context of the study. Theoretical and empirical reviews are explored to justify the thematic findings and conclusion of the paper.
Findings: The paper reveals that implementation of transparency would serve as the right guide for the practice of good business ethics. It was found as an informational mechanism necessary for trust, justice, and prudence. Transparency is also found as important to businesses because of its huge benefits such as capable of establishing trustand encouraging employees to be more engaged and committed to the vision of the organization, increasing productivity, and strengthening innovation.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Theoretically, paper indicates that if a culture of work transparency is adopted, it is most likely to motivate innovation accountability within a business organization. Practically, transparency will make it possible for company to collectively solve problems beforehand and initiate new ideas in order to have a competitive advantage in the business world. The paper suggests transparency as a priority for the practice of good business ethics in Nigeria and concludes with relevant recommendations.
DETERMINATION OF TERRESTRIAL RADIATION LEVEL OF OBITE, RIVERS STATE
Authors: Chikaike Eugene , Kamara Briggs , Ari Tamunobereton 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The perceived implication of increase in background radiation level of Obite Community due to inputs of hydrocarbon leakages and its emissions, lead to this research work, which investigated the background ionizing radiation levels of the area.
Methodology: An in-situ background ionizing radiation measurement was carried out using radiation meter (Digilert 200) at an elevation of 1.0m above ground level with a Global Positioning System (G.P.S) for geographical location.
Results: The background ionizing radiation (BIR) results obtained, varies from 0.007 to 0.024 (mR/hr) with a mean value of 0.013 (mR/hr). The values of Absorbed Dose Rate ranges from 60.9 to 208.0 nGy/hr with a mean value of 115.10±0.003 nGy/hr, which is higher than the recommended safe limit of 84.0 nGy/hr (UNCEAR, 2018). The Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) varies from 0.009 to 0.38 mSv/yr with mean of 0.198 mSv/yr, is lower than the safe limit of 1.0 mSv/yr stipulated by ICRP (2003) and WHO (2008). The Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) values ranges from 0.32 to 0.09 x 101 with a mean of 0.062 x 10-1, is higher than the ICRP standard of 0.29 x 10-3 (ICRP, 2003).
Conclusions: These results indicate an increase in cancer risk for individuals within the study area. The results were also summarized using the contour map to show various areas of high radiation distributions with interpretation of variability in concentration, in relation to geographical locations within the study area.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Piperine Extract and Essential Oil of Piper nigrum Leaves
Authors: OJO Olabimpe Iyabode , Chukwuma Ezenwa Valentine , Ezeike A.C , Adedayo Adedayo 
Published: January 2023

Phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of the Piperine extract and essential oil extract from Piper nigrum leaves were evaluated. The phytochemicals were determined using Harborn standard qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. The antimicrobial assay was carried out using agar well diffusion method and the test organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp, E. coli and Aspergillus spp. The study revealed that the flavonoid, tannin, saponin, glycosides, phenol, and alkaloids content of Piperine extract of Piper nigrum are as follows 1.1 % ± 0.1, 71.58 mg/l ±0.1, 1.4 % ± 0.4, 4.7 % ± 0.03, 7.59 mg ± 0.1 and 1.5 % ± 0.3 respectively. The antimicrobial assay of Piperine extract showed zones of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella spp, E. coli and Aspergillus spp are as follows: 18.0 mm, 19.0 mm, 21.0 mm and 18.0 mm respectively. While zone of inhibition for the essential oil for Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp, E. coli and Aspergillus spp are as follows: 33.0 mm, 40.0 mm, 47.0 mm and 8.0 mm respectively. The result obtained from this study shows that essential oil has more zone of inhibition than Piperine extract leaves and this indicates that essential oil can be more effective in the treatment of disease caused by all these organisms.
Phytochemical Compositions, Nutritional Contents, Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Extracts from Spirogyra neglecta (Hassall) Kützing
Authors: Yongkhamcha Butsara , Buddhakala Nopparat 
Published: January 2023

Spirogyra neglecta (Hassall) Kützing is an edible freshwater macroalga. It is available and consumed as local food in Thailand, especially in the northern and northeastern parts. To ascertain its good benefit for health and safe for consumption, this study was, therefore carried out to determine the phytochemical compositions, nutritional contents, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of the different extracts from S. neglecta. The extracts were prepared by using different solvents, such as propylene glycol, methanol, and ethanol solutions. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 30, 39 and 36 phytochemical compounds in propylene glycol, methanol, and ethanol extracts, respectively. Phytol, which has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity, was one of the predominant compositions in the extracts. The extracts contained high nutritional contents of protein, lipid, fiber, ash, moisture, and carbohydrate up to 21.68 ± 4.52, 3.53 ± 0.23, 14.77 ± 0.89, 10.73 ± 0.47, 9.79 ± 0.11 and 47.36 ± 3.89 %, respectively. The highest total protein was found in propylene glycol extract. The highest total lipid was in ethanol extract. Meanwhile, the highest fiber, ash and total carbohydrate were in methanol extract. In addition, all the extracts possess relatively low cytotoxicity, with IC50 values greater than 1,000 µg/mL. The extracts 1,000 µg/mL exhibited anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition Nitric oxide (NO) production by 29.87 ± 1.56 to 55.17 ± 1.91 %. The propylene glycol extracts from S. neglecta showed the highest inhibitory activity on NO production compared to others.
The overall results indicating the propylene glycol is the solvent that produces the best extraction performance. The extracts from S. neglecta exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO production. The phytochemical compositions are partly responsible for anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts. The high nutritional contents complement relatively low toxic. Thus, S. neglecta can be used as benefit natural sources for food products, supplements, and medicinal plants.
HIGHLIGHTS

Using GC-MS analysis, there are 30, 39 and 36 phytochemical compounds in propylene glycol, methanol and ethanol extracts from Spirogyra neglecta, respectively
The extracts from neglecta possess high nutritional contents of protein, lipid, fiber, ash, moisture, and carbohydrate
The extracts from neglecta show relatively low toxic to the RAW 246.7 cells with LC50 >1,000 µg/mL, by MTT assay
The extracts from neglecta exhibit anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of NO production. The propylene glycol extract displays the highest activity compared to others
The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts is partially from Phytol

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EDUCACIONAIS PARA O SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO BRASILEIRO COMO MEDIDA DE RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Aguiar Vagner Lima de 
Published: January 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as políticas educacionais e o sistema penitenciário brasileiro. A metodologia consistiu em um estudo bibliográfico de livros, artigos e normativas, bem como as pesquisas no painel de dados sobre as inspeções penais em estabelecimentos prisionais e no relatório de levantamento nacional de informações penitenciárias - Infopen. Os resultados demonstraram que o modelo penal com sistemas penitenciários evoluiu gradualmente no Brasil. Encontram-se em vigor normativas para pessoas privadas de liberdade, que vão desde a execução penal à oferta de educação e de trabalho obrigatório, estando previstos os direitos e garantidos os princípios da dignidade humana. Os resultados do Infopen demonstraram que é preciso ampliar a assistência estudantil, instrução escolar e formação profissional, nos estabelecimentos penais. Embora recentes, as políticas públicas educacionais voltadas à assistência estudantil no sistema penitenciário brasileiro, são essenciais para as pessoas privadas de liberdade como medida de ressocialização.