bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fearful apes or emotional cooperative breeders?
Authors: Barclay Pat , Yerman Savannah , Twardus Oliver 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The “fearful ape hypothesis” is interesting but is currently underspecified. We need more research on whether it is specific to fear, specific to humans (or even cooperative breeders in general), what is included in “fear,” and whether these patterns would indeed evolve despite arms races to extract help from audiences. Specifying these will result in a more testable hypothesis.
How “peer-fear” of others' evaluations can regulate young children's cooperation
Authors: Hepach Robert , Gerdemann Stella Claire 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChildren's cooperation with peers undergoes substantial developmental changes between 3 and 10 years of age. Here we stipulate that young children's initial fearfulness of peers' behaviour develops into older children's fearfulness of peers' evaluations of their own behaviour. Cooperation may constitute an adaptive environment in which the expressions of fear and self-conscious emotions regulate the quality of children's peer relationships.
The suffering ape hypothesis
Authors: Steinkopf Leander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe “fearful ape hypothesis” could be regarded as one aspect of a more general “suffering ape hypothesis”: Humans are more likely to experience negative emotions (e.g., fear, sadness), aversive symptoms (e.g., pain, fever), and to engage in self-harming behavior (e.g., cutting, suicide attempts) because these might motivate affiliative, consolatory, and supportive behavior from their prosocial environment thereby enhancing evolutionary fitness.
The human fear paradox turns out to be less paradoxical when global changes in human aggression and language evolution are considered
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio , Progovac Ljiljana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Our commentary focuses on the interaction between Grossmann's fearful ape hypothesis (FAH) and the human self-domestication hypothesis (HSDH), also taking into account language acquisition and evolution. Although there is considerable overlap between the two hypotheses, there are also some discrepancies, and our goal is to consider the extent to which HSDH can explain the phenomena identified by FAH without invoking fearfulness as directly adaptive.
Heightened fearfulness as a developmental adaptation
Authors: Bjorklund David F. , Hernández Blasi Carlos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although we find many merits to Grossmann's fearful ape hypothesis, unlike Grossmann, we see heightened fearfulness as an ontogenetic adaptation, signaling helplessness and fostering caregiving during infancy, which subsequently became exapted to promote cooperation. We also argue that, rather than being the “breeding ground” for enhanced infant fearfulness, cooperative care is more likely the evolved product of enhanced fearfulness.
Epistemic trust and unchanging personal narratives
Authors: Campbell Chloe , Fonagy Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Focusing on imagination and the social context in the generation of conviction narratives, we propose that these elements are dynamically related to one another, and crucially that it is the nature of this relationship that determines individuals' level of epistemic openness and capacity to respond adaptively to update their narratives in a way that increases the possibility of more successful decision-making.
The ephemeral stories of our lives
Authors: Chater Nick 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Johnson et al. make a persuasive case that qualitative, story-like reasoning plays a crucial role in everyday thought and decision-making. This commentary questions the cohesiveness of this type of reasoning and the representations that generate it. Perhaps narratives do not underpin, but are ephemeral products of thought, created when we need to justify our actions to ourselves and others.
Decisions under uncertainty are more messy than they seem
Authors: Tuominen Jarno 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Conviction Narrative Theory (CNT) is conceptually so multifaceted as to make critical evaluation difficult. It also omits one course of action: Active engagement with the world. Parsing the developmental and mechanistic processes within CNT would allow for a rigorous research programme to put the account under test. I propose a unifying account based on active inference.
High-stakes decisions do not require narrative conviction but narrative flexibility
Authors: Breithaupt Fritz , Hicks Milo , Hiskes Benjamin , Lagrange Victoria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We challenge Johnson et al.'s assumption that people reduce unclear situations to a single narrative explanation and that such reduction would be adaptive for decision-making under radical uncertainty. Instead, we argue that people imagine and maintain multiple narrative possibilities throughout the decision-making process and that this process provides cognitive flexibility and adaptive benefits within the proposed model.
Educational Implications of Conviction Narrative Theory
Authors: Sheskin Mark , Bogucki Michael , Perry Tomer , McAllister Katie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Education often relies on an implicit assumption that decisions are made rationally, and focuses on situations in which there are correct answers that can be known with certainty. The proposal that decision-making is often narrative, especially in contexts of radical uncertainty, suggests important changes to education practice and new questions for education research.
The wisdom in the story: Clarifying assumptions about radical uncertainty and reasonableness in narrative judgment
Authors: Grossmann Igor , Meyers Ethan A. , Eibach Richard P. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Human lives are radically uncertain. Making sense of such uncertainties is the hallmark of wisdom. Sense-making requires narratives, putting them in the center stage of human everyday decision-making. Yet what if radical uncertainty is a narrative itself? Moreover, do laypeople always consider such narratives irrational? Here we pose these questions to enrich a theory of choice under uncertainty.
The Redefinition of Clandestine Marriage by Sixteenth-Century Lutheran Theologians and Jurists
Authors: Astorri Paolo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWithin the medieval Catholic Church, the term ‘clandestine betrothal’ was associated with the absence of witnesses, solemnities, and other formalities. Parental consent was not a legal requirement for betrothal or marriage, which was based on the free decision of the spouses. However, Martin Luther held that the will of the parties was not sufficient, because the couple was joined by God, and God’s will was reflected in parental consent. Luther intended the parents to be a public authority, and he therefore proposed a different definition of clandestine marriage that combined the absence of witnesses with the lack of parental approval. Medieval canonists had enumerated numerous types of clandestine betrothal. However, in their treatises, the jurists Johannes Schneidewin, Conrad Mauser, and Joachim von Beust translated Luther’s definition into legal terms, reducing the types of clandestine betrothal to only two. The first type, absence of witnesses, continued to be regulated by canon law, with some exceptions. The second, lack of parental approval, was governed by Roman law reinterpreted according to Scripture. Cardinal Bellarmine criticized this definition as confused, prompting the Lutheran theologians Paul Tarnov and Johann Gerhard to reply that ‘clandestine’ had acquired a new meaning: violation of the law imposing parental approval.
Brain Rules für den Job
Authors: Medina John 
Published: May 2023

Wie kann ich die Menschen während meiner Präsentationen bei der Stange halten? Was kann ich in meinem Büro tun, damit ich mich darauf freue, am Montag dorthin zu kommen? Wie kann ich die Produktivität unseres Teams, unserer Abteilung, unseres Unternehmens verbessern?
Der Molekularbiologe John Medina führt uns durch die Erkenntnisse der Hirnforschung und der Evolutionsbiologie zu Themen wie Büroraum, Work-Life-Balance, Machtdynamik und Interaktionen am Arbeitsplatz in Zeiten einer Pandemie. Medinas charmante Beschreibungen und witzige Anekdoten brechen die Wissenschaft auf praktische Anwendungen herunter, die Sie gleich anwenden können, um Ihr Arbeitsleben und das der Menschen in Ihrem Umfeld zu verbessern.
Sie werden unter anderem lernen,
•warum Pausen in der Natur während des Arbeitstages die Produktivität steigern
•wie die vorherige Planung eines Meetings dessen Effektivität erhöht
•was genau daran so anstrengend ist, sich mit Kolleginnen und Kollegen online zu unterhalten
•warum das Zulassen von Misserfolgen für den Erfolg eines Unternehmens von entscheidender Bedeutung ist
•wie unser Arbeitsleben in einer Welt nach der Pandemie aussehen wird
Ob Sie nun in einem Unternehmen angestellt sind oder eine Führungskraft, die den Erfolg ihrer Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter sicherstellen will - „Brain Rules für den Job“ ist sowohl ein nützliches Werkzeug als auch ein überzeugender Leitfaden für Sie und Ihr Team.
Ship‐Based Observations and Climate Model Simulations of Cloud Phase Over the Southern Ocean
Authors: Desai Neel , Diao Minghui , Shi Yang , Liu Xiaohong , Silber Israel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Southern Ocean (SO) clouds exert a significant influence on the Earth's radiation budget. We analyzed ship‐based remote sensing observations of SO clouds over a 5‐month long Department of Energy (DOE) ARM Measurements of Aerosols, Radiation and Clouds over the Southern Oceans (MARCUS) field campaign to better understand cloud phase variability. We developed a method to classify eight categories of hydrometeors (ice, liquid, mixed phase, rain, drizzle, snow, aerosols, and clear sky) based on measurements of lidar, radar and radiosondes. Cloud thermodynamic phases (liquid, ice and mixed phase) at coarser scales were further derived to compare with the DOE Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) simulation and the Earth Model Column Collaboratory (EMC2) instrument simulator. For a scale‐aware comparison with climate model simulations, we found that spatially averaging the raw remote sensing data (e.g., backscatter and reflectivity) results in increased cloud cover and cloud liquid, whereas, directly averaging cloud phase from higher to lower resolution maintains clear air regions and is thus recommended for in‐cloud frequency comparisons. For cloud thermodynamic phases in stratiform clouds, the E3SMv1 underestimates cloud ice and overestimates cloud liquid at temperatures between −40°C and 0°C. When latitudes increase, both observations and simulations show a transition of dominant phase from liquid to ice for cloud tops as well as for the entire cloud columns, but the model underestimation of ice phase is more severe at higher latitudes. Such model bias is unlikely caused by spatial scale differences or lack of heterogeneity in cloud vertical structure in the simulation.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for NK/T-cell lymphoma: an international collaborative analysis
Authors: Berning Philipp , Schmitz Norbert , Ngoya Maud , Finel Hervé , Boumendil Ariane , Wang Fengrong , Huang Xiao-Jun , Hermine Olivier , Philippe Laure , Couronné Lucile , Jaccard Arnaud , Liu Daihong , Wu Depei , Reinhardt Hans Christian , Chalandon Yves , Wagner-Drouet Eva , Kwon Mi , Zhang Xi , Carpenter Ben , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , Wulf Gerald , López-Jiménez Javier , Sanz Jaime , Labussière-Wallet Hélène , Shimoni Avichai , Dreger Peter , Sureda Anna , Kim Won Seog , Glass Bertram 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNatural killer/T-cell lymphomas (NKTCL) represent rare and aggressive lymphoid malignancies. Patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory disease after Asparaginase (ASPA)-based chemotherapy have a dismal prognosis. To better define the role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), we conducted a retrospective analysis of data shared with the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and cooperating Asian centers. We identified 135 pts who received allo-HSCT between 2010 and 2020. Median age was 43.4 years at allo-HSCT, 68.1% were male. Ninety-seven pts (71.9 %) were European, 38 pts (28.1%) Asian. High Prognostic Index for NKTCL (PINK) scores were reported for 44.4%; 76.3% had >1 treatment, 20.7% previous auto-HSCT, and 74.1% ASPA-containing regimens prior to allo-HSCT. Most (79.3%) pts were transplanted in CR/PR. With a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 3-year progression-free(PFS) and overall survival were 48.6% (95%-CI:39.5–57%) and 55.6% (95%-CI:46.5–63.8%). Non-relapse mortality at 1 year was 14.8% (95%-CI:9.3–21.5%) and 1-year relapse incidence 29.6% (95%-CI:21.9–37.6%). In multivariate analyses, shorter time interval (0–12 months) between diagnosis and allo-HSCT [HR = 2.12 (95%-CI:1.03–4.34); P = 0.04] and transplantation not in CR/PR [HR = 2.20 (95%-CI:0.98–4.95); P = 0.056] reduced PFS. Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1/PD-L1) treatment before HSCT neither increased GVHD nor impacted survival. We demonstrate that allo-HSCT can achieve long-term survival in approximately half of pts allografted for NKTCL.
T cells: an emerging cast of roles in bipolar disorder
Authors: Chen Zhenni , Huang Yiran , Wang Bingqi , Peng Huanqie , Wang Xiaofan , Wu Hongzheng , Chen Wanxin , Wang Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is a distinctly heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder with a high individual and social burden. Immune pathway dysregulation is an important pathophysiological feature of BD. Recent studies have suggested a potential role for T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of BD. Therefore, greater insight into T lymphocytes’ functioning in patients with BD is essential. In this narrative review, we describe the presence of an imbalance in the ratio and altered function of T lymphocyte subsets in BD patients, mainly in T helper (Th) 1, Th2, Th17 cells and regulatory T cells, and alterations in hormones, intracellular signaling, and microbiomes may be potential causes. Abnormal T cell presence explains the elevated rates of comorbid inflammatory illnesses in the BD population. We also update the findings on T cell-targeting drugs as potentially immunomodulatory therapeutic agents for BD disease in addition to classical mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid). In conclusion, an imbalance in T lymphocyte subpopulation ratios and altered function may be involved in the development of BD, and maintaining T cell immune homeostasis may provide an overall therapeutic benefit.
Epigenetic age deacceleration in youth at familial risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Segura Alex G. , de la Serna Elena , Sugranyes Gisela , Baeza Inmaculada , Valli Isabel , Díaz-Caneja Covadonga , Martín Nuria , Moreno Dolores M. , Gassó Patricia , Rodriguez Natalia , Mas Sergi , Castro-Fornieles Josefina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpigenetic modifications occur sequentially during the lifespan, but their pace can be altered by external stimuli. The onset of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is critically modulated by stressors that may alter the epigenetic pattern, a putative signature marker of exposure to environmental risk factors. In this study, we estimated the age-related epigenetic modifications to assess the differences between young individuals at familial high risk (FHR) and controls and their association with environmental stressors. The sample included 117 individuals (6–17 years) at FHR (45%) and a control group (55%). Blood and saliva samples were used estimate the epigenetic age with six epigenetic clocks through methylation data. Environmental risk was measured with obstetric complications, socioeconomic statuses and recent stressful life events data. Epigenetic age was correlated with chronological age. FHR individuals showed epigenetic age deacceleration of Horvath and Hannum epigenetic clocks compared to controls. No effect of the environmental risk factors on the epigenetic age acceleration could be detected. Epigenetic age acceleration adjusted by cell counts showed that the FHR group was deaccelerated also with the PedBE epigenetic clock. Epigenetic age asynchronicities were found in the young at high risk, suggesting that offspring of affected parents follow a slower pace of biological aging than the control group. It still remains unclear which environmental stressors orchestrate the changes in the methylation pattern. Further studies are needed to better characterize the molecular impact of environmental stressors before illness onset, which could be critical in the development of tools for personalized psychiatry.
LncRNA LINC00969 promotes acquired gefitinib resistance by epigenetically suppressing of NLRP3 at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels to inhibit pyroptosis in lung cancer
Authors: Dai Jiali , Qu Tianyu , Yin Dandan , Cui Yanan , Zhang Chen , Zhang Erbao , Guo Renhua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment prolongs the survival of lung cancer patients harbouring activating EGFR mutations. However, resistance to EGFR-TKIs is inevitable after long-term treatment. Molecular mechanistic research is of great importance in combatting resistance. A comprehensive investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance has important implications for overcoming resistance. An accumulating body of evidence shows that lncRNAs can contribute to tumorigenesis and treatment resistance. By bioinformatics analysis, we found that LINC00969 expression was elevated in lung cancer cells with acquired gefitinib resistance. LINC00969 regulated resistance to gefitinib in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, gain of H3K4me1 and H3K27Ac led to the activation of LINC00969 expression. LINC00969 interacts with EZH2 and METTL3, transcriptionally regulates the level of H3K27me3 in the NLRP3 promoter region, and posttranscriptionally modifies the m6A level of NLRP3 in an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner, thus epigenetically repressing NLRP3 expression to suppress the activation of the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-related classical pyroptosis signalling pathways, thereby endowing an antipyroptotic phenotype and promoting TKI resistance in lung cancer. Our findings provide a new mechanism for lncRNA-mediated TKI resistance from the new perspective of pyroptosis via simultaneous regulation of histone methylation and RNA methylation. The pivotal role of LINC00969 gives it the potential to be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer.
FGF21-FGFR1 controls mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiomyocytes by modulating the degradation of OPA1
Authors: Yan Bing , Mei Zhu , Tang Yaohan , Song Haixu , Wu Hanlin , Jing Quanmin , Zhang Xiaolin , Yan Chenghui , Han Yaling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a pleiotropic hormone secreted primarily by the liver and is considered a major regulator of energy homeostasis. Recent research has revealed that FGF21 could play an important role in cardiac pathological remodeling effects and prevention of cardiomyopathy; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. This study aimed to determine the mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effects of FGF21. We engineered FGF21 knock out mice and subsequently elucidated the effects of FGF21 and its downstream mediators using western blotting, qRT-PCR, and mitochondrial morphological and functional analyses. FGF21 knockout mice showed cardiac dysfunction, accompanied by a decline in global longitudinal strain (GLS) and ejection fraction (EF), independent of metabolic disorders. Mitochondrial quality, quantity, and function were abnormal, accompanied by decreased levels of optic atrophy-1 (OPA1) in FGF21 KO mice. In contrast to FGF21 knockout, cardiac-specific overexpression of FGF21 alleviated the cardiac dysfunction caused by FGF21 deficiency. In an in vitro study, FGF21 siRNA deteriorated mitochondrial dynamics and impaired function induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2). Both recombinant FGF21 and adenovirus-mediated FGF21 overexpression could alleviate CoCl2-induced mitochondrial impairment by restoring mitochondrial dynamics. FGF21 was essential for maintaining mitochondrial dynamics and function of the cardiomyocytes. As a regulator of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial homeostasis under oxidative stress, FGF21 could be an important new target for therapeutic options for patients with heart failure.
Lipid flipping in the omega-3 fatty-acid transporter
Authors: Nguyen Chi , Lei Hsiang-Ting , Lai Louis Tung Faat , Gallenito Marc J. , Mu Xuelang , Matthies Doreen , Gonen Tamir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMfsd2a is the transporter for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, across the blood brain barrier (BBB). Defects in Mfsd2a are linked to ailments from behavioral and motor dysfunctions to microcephaly. Mfsd2a transports long-chain unsaturated fatty-acids, including DHA and α-linolenic acid (ALA), that are attached to the zwitterionic lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) headgroup. Even with the recently determined structures of Mfsd2a, the molecular details of how this transporter performs the energetically unfavorable task of translocating and flipping lysolipids across the lipid bilayer remains unclear. Here, we report five single-particle cryo-EM structures of Danio rerio Mfsd2a (drMfsd2a): in the inward-open conformation in the ligand-free state and displaying lipid-like densities modeled as ALA-LPC at four distinct positions. These Mfsd2a snapshots detail the flipping mechanism for lipid-LPC from outer to inner membrane leaflet and release for membrane integration on the cytoplasmic side. These results also map Mfsd2a mutants that disrupt lipid-LPC transport and are associated with disease.
Crystal orientation fabric anisotropy causes directional hardening of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
Authors: Gerber Tamara Annina , Lilien David A. , Rathmann Nicholas Mossor , Franke Steven , Young Tun Jan , Valero-Delgado Fernando , Ershadi M. Reza , Drews Reinhard , Zeising Ole , Humbert Angelika , Stoll Nicolas , Weikusat Ilka , Grinsted Aslak , Hvidberg Christine Schøtt , Jansen Daniela , Miller Heinrich , Helm Veit , Steinhage Daniel , O’Neill Charles , Paden John , Gogineni Siva Prasad , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe , Eisen Olaf 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe dynamic mass loss of ice sheets constitutes one of the biggest uncertainties in projections of ice-sheet evolution. One central, understudied aspect of ice flow is how the bulk orientation of the crystal orientation fabric translates to the mechanical anisotropy of ice. Here we show the spatial distribution of the depth-averaged horizontal anisotropy and corresponding directional flow-enhancement factors covering a large area of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream onset. Our results are based on airborne and ground-based radar surveys, ice-core observations, and numerical ice-flow modelling. They show a strong spatial variability of the horizontal anisotropy and a rapid crystal reorganisation on the order of hundreds of years coinciding with the ice-stream geometry. Compared to isotropic ice, parts of the ice stream are found to be more than one order of magnitude harder for along-flow extension/compression while the shear margins are potentially softened by a factor of two for horizontal-shear deformation.