bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of GIS and remote sensing in mineral exploration: current and future perspectives
Authors: Tagwai Mathew Gregory , Jimoh Onimisi Abdullateef , Shehu Shaib Abdulazeez , Zabidi Hareyani 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to give an oversight of what is being done by researchers in GIS and remote sensing (field) to explore minerals. The main objective of this review is to explore how GIS and remote sensing have been beneficial in identifying mineral deposits for easier and cost-effective mining.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach of this research used Web of Science to generate a database of published articles on the application of GIS and remote sensing techniques for mineral exploration. The literature was further digested, noting the main findings, adopted method, illustration and research scales.

Findings
When applied alone, each technique seems effective, but it is important to know that combining different methods is more effective in identifying ore deposits.

Originality/value
This paper also examined and provided possible solutions to both current and future perspective issues relating to the application of GIS and remote sensing to mineral exploration. The authors believe that the conclusions and recommendations drawn from case studies and literature review will be of great importance to geoscientists and policymakers.
Effects of milk types used in Antep cheese production on some cheese organoleptic quality parameters and brine composition during 5‐month ripening
Authors: Ertekin Mahmut , Uğurlu Özlem , Salum Pelin , Erbay Zafer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntep cheese is a local Turkish cheese characterized by scalding during production and ripened in brine. In this study, Antep cheeses were produced using mixtures of different milk types (cow, sheep, and goat milk) and ripened for 5 months. The composition, proteolytic ripening extension index (REI), free fatty acid (FFA) content, and volatile compounds of the cheeses and the variation of the brines were analyzed for the 5‐month ripening period. Low proteolytic activity in cheese during ripening caused the cheeses to have low REI values (3.92%–7.57%), although it was observed that some parts of the water‐soluble nitrogen fractions diffused into the brine, causing a lower REI. As a result of lipolysis during ripening, total FFA (TFFA) concentrations in all cheeses were increased, whereas the highest increases were detected in the concentrations of short‐chain FFAs. The highest FFA concentrations were determined in cheese produced using goat milk, and the volatile FFA ratio in TFFA exceeded 10% in the third month of ripening. Although it was observed that the milk types used in the production had significant effects on the change of volatile compounds of the produced cheeses and their brines, the impact of the ripening time was more important.Practical ApplicationThis study investigated Antep cheese made with different milk types. Volatile compounds and soluble nitrogen fractions were transferred to the brine by diffusion during ripening. The volatile profile of the cheese varied with milk type, but ripening time was the primary factor influencing volatile compounds. This suggests that the targeted organoleptic properties of the cheese are determined by ripening time and conditions. Additionally, changes in the brine's composition during the ripening process provide insight into how to manage the brine as waste.
Genomes of two Extinct‐in‐the‐Wild reptiles from Christmas Island reveal distinct evolutionary histories and conservation insights
Authors: Dodge Tristram O. , Farquharson Katherine A. , Ford Claire , Cavanagh Lisa , Schubert Kristen , Schumer Molly , Belov Katherine , Hogg Carolyn J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGenomics can play important roles in biodiversity conservation, especially for Extinct‐in‐the‐Wild species where genetic factors greatly influence risk of total extinction and probability of successful reintroductions. The Christmas Island blue‐tailed skink (Cryptoblepharus egeriae) and Lister's gecko (Lepidodactylus listeri) are two endemic reptile species that went extinct in the wild shortly after the introduction of a predatory snake. After a decade of management, captive populations have expanded from 66 skinks and 43 geckos to several thousand individuals; however, little is known about patterns of genetic variation in these species. Here, we use PacBio HiFi long‐read and Hi‐C sequencing to generate highly contiguous reference genomes for both reptiles, including the XY chromosome pair in the skink. We then analyse patterns of genetic diversity to infer ancient demography and more recent histories of inbreeding. We observe high genome‐wide heterozygosity in the skink (0.007 heterozygous sites per base‐pair) and gecko (0.005), consistent with large historical population sizes. However, nearly 10% of the blue‐tailed skink reference genome falls within long (>1 Mb) runs of homozygosity (ROH), resulting in homozygosity at all major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci. In contrast, we detect a single ROH in Lister's gecko. We infer from the ROH lengths that related skinks may have established the captive populations. Despite a shared recent extinction in the wild, our results suggest important differences in these species' histories and implications for management. We show how reference genomes can contribute evolutionary and conservation insights, and we provide resources for future population‐level and comparative genomic studies in reptiles.
Efficacy of PF‐06651600 in alleviating the pro‐inflammatory capacity of CD4+ T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Mohammad Talar Ahmad Merza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPF‐06651600 is a highly specific inhibitor of Janus‐activated kinase 3 and the Tec family of kinases. Regarding its dual function in the inhibition of both γc cytokine receptors and T cell receptor signaling, the present study aimed at evaluating the impact of PF‐06651600 on the status of T‐helper cells (Th) as the central game players in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodTCD4+ cells were isolated from 34 RA patients and 15 healthy control individuals and were evaluated after treatment with PF‐06651600.ResultsRA patients had higher percentages of TCD4+ cells, CD4+ PD‐1+ cells, and CD4+ PD‐1+ TIGIT+ cells compared to a healthy control group and the TCD4+ cells of these patients showed higher interferon (IFN)‐γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and interleukin (IL)‐17 secretion along with higher messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of T‐bet. The percentage of CD4+ PD‐1+ TIGIT+ cells showed a reverse correlation with the Disease Activity Score of 28 joints of the RA patients. PF‐06651600 caused a significant decrease in the mRNA expressions of T‐bet and RAR‐related orphan receptor γt and the secretion of interferon (IFN)‐γ and TNF‐α in TCD4+ cells of RA patients. On the other hand, the population of CD4+ PD‐1+ TIGIT+ cells was expanded under the influence of PF‐06651600. This treatment also reduced the proliferation of TCD4+ cells.ConclusionPF‐06651600 demonstrated a potential to modulate the activity of TCD4+ cells in RA patients and to reduce the commitment of Th cells to the pathogenic Th1 and Th17 subsets. Further, it caused TCD4+ cells to gain an exhausted phenotype which is associated with better prognosis in RA patients.
Attitudes and factors affecting decision‐making regarding COVID‐19 vaccination among autoimmune rheumatic disease patients
Authors: Wantha Orathai , Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee , Tuydaung Kwankaew , Donsrichan Walailuk , Yingyaun Kannikar , Kaewmeun Sumalee , Suwannaroj Siraphop , Foocharoen Chingching 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to the success of COVID‐19 vaccination programs.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess attitudes and factors affecting the decision‐making vis‐à‐vis COVID‐19 vaccination among patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs).MethodA cross‐sectional survey of adults with ARDs was conducted between January 2022 and April 2022. All enrolled ARDs patients were asked to answer a questionnaire about their attitudes regarding COVID‐19 vaccination.ResultsThree hundred patients were included with a female‐to‐male ratio of 2.5:1. The mean age of the patients was 49.2 ± 15.6 years. Around 37% of patients who hesitated to get the COVID‐19 vaccination were apprehensive regarding potential adverse events from the vaccine. About 25% (76 cases) were hesitant about vaccination, of which 15% were uncertain about the vaccine's efficacy, and 15% thought the vaccine was unnecessary because they lived in rural areas where they practiced social distancing. “Family role as a non‐working member” was the only factor strongly associated with hesitancy for vaccination (odds ratio of 2.42; 95% CI 1.06–5.57). The attitudes to vaccination showed that the patients were concerned about disease flaring and believed all medicine should be stopped before vaccination.ConclusionAround one‐quarter of ARDs sufferers hesitated to get COVID‐19 vaccination. In addition, some patients were disinclined to get vaccinated because they were worried about its efficacy and/or associated adverse events. The findings help healthcare providers plan to counter negative attitudes toward vaccination in ARDs patients to protect them during the COVID‐19 era.
Prescribed fire is associated with increased floral richness and promotes short‐term increases in bee biodiversity in the ponderosa pine forest of the Southern Rocky Mountains
Authors: Gelles Ryleigh V. , Davis Thomas S. , Barrett Kevin J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Managed low‐severity surface fires are frequently implemented in efforts to restore disturbance processes to forests of North America; although the effects of managed fire on forest structure are well‐studied, few studies investigate whether these disturbances cascade to impact pollinator communities.
We analysed bee‐habitat relationships in fire‐treated (1‐ and 3‐years post‐treatment) and non‐treated ponderosa pine stands in Colorado to test wild bee population responses.
Observed bee richness and α‐diversity were highest in stands 1‐year post‐fire and had more Anthophora, Bombus, Osmia and Lasioglossum spp. in comparison to 3‐year post‐fire and non‐treated stands. Bee functional groups were responsive to treatments, with more below‐ground nesting taxa present in stands 3 years post‐fire.
Floral richness was the highest mid‐growing season (June, July) and within 1‐year post‐fire stands.
A model analysing the effects of foraging and nesting habitat variation on bee assemblages indicated positive association between floral richness and bee α‐diversity, but negative relationships with stand basal area. Nesting habitat was not associated with variation in bee assemblages.
We conclude that managed fire has positive short‐term effects on bee biodiversity that are likely mediated by floral richness. However, these effects were not detectable by 3 years post‐treatment in the southern Rocky Mountain region.
Association between oral metformin use and the risk of age‐related macular degeneration: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Holtz Jeppe Kirkegaard , Thinggaard Benjamin Sommer , Grauslund Jakob , Subhi Yousif 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRodent studies demonstrate that oral metformin use may reduce chronic low‐grade inflammation, downregulate apoptosis and extend life span. Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that oral metformin use may protect against development of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) in humans. In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature on the association between oral metformin use and AMD in patients with type 2 diabetes and conducted a quantitative meta‐analysis to provide a summary estimate of the association. We searched 12 literature databases on 10 August 2022 and identified nine eligible studies with data on a total of 1 427 074 individuals with diabetes. We found that patients with diabetes using metformin had a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) of having or developing AMD (OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.46–0.86; p = 0.004). Our analyses also revealed that although the findings were robust in the sensitivity analysis, the Funnel plot indicated a certain publication bias towards finding a protective effect. Results of individual studies suggested inconsistent findings, as some studies found lower risk of AMD from higher total metformin exposure, whereas other studies found a higher risk of AMD from higher total metformin exposure. Taken together, there may be a link between metformin use and lower risk of AMD, but the relationship is only studied in observational studies, various sources of bias can be speculated to influence, and careful interpretation is warranted.
National data showed an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity among four‐year‐old Swedish children during the first year of COVID‐19
Authors: Miregård Jessica , Nowicka Paulina , Nylander Charlotte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThis paper summarised national data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 4‐year‐old children in Sweden in 2020, the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. It compares this with data from 2018. Differences between regions and sex were identified.MethodsComparative data from Swedish Child Health Services were available for 18/21 regions. Chi‐square tests were used to compare data from 2018 and 2020 and to examine differences between the sexes. Sex and year were examined through interaction tests.ResultsIn 2020, 13.3% of the 100 001 children had overweight or obesity: 15.1% of the girls and 11.6% of the boys (p < 0.001). In 2018, 11.4% of the 105 445 children had overweight or obesity: 13.2% of the girls and 9.4% of the boys. This was an overall increase of 16.6% (p = 0.000) in the national Swedish data from 2018 to 2020. The increase between the years was greater for obesity (31.8%, p = 0.000) than for overweight (13.3%, p = 0.000).ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among 4‐year‐olds in Sweden increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic and needs to be addressed. The prevalence needs to be followed as part of prevention programmes and to evaluate health interventions.
Could woodworking have influenced variation in the form of Acheulean handaxes?
Authors: Gürbüz Rebecca Biermann , Lycett Stephen J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe relationship between tool form and function is fundamental to hominin behaviour and evolution. Acheulean handaxes are known for their general consistency across more than a million years and three continents, albeit with some variation in size and shape. However, the influence of this variation on cutting has only rarely been studied, mostly in either butchery or generalized cutting tasks. Yet evidence indicates that handaxes were used for woodworking by at least 1.5 mya. Here, we experimentally tested whether woodworking could have exerted selective pressures on handaxe form. Additionally, these data were compared with a previous experiment that tested flakes during woodworking. For handaxes, no significant relationships were detected in woodworking efficiency. Accordingly, woodworking likely did not exert strong selective pressures on handaxe variability. However, the effectiveness shown by handaxes further demonstrates the functional flexibility of this technology, which is likely a factor contributing to their use over broad temporal, geographical and ecological spans. When comparing handaxes with flakes, only the smallest flakes were found to be significantly less efficient than handaxes. Therefore, the functional demands of woodworking were likely influencing hominin technological decisions about flake morphology, or the selection of flakes for woodworking, more than they were handaxe morphology.
The Real Effects of Analyst Research Quality: Evidence from the Adoption of the Broker Protocol
Authors: Platikanova Petya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractI provide empirical evidence that labour market frictions have an adverse effect on the quality of analyst research. Using the staggered, voluntary adoption of the Protocol for Broker Recruiting (Protocol) since 2004, I show that, without non‐compete agreements, financial analysts produce more accurate forecasts and exert greater efforts in updating their research more frequently. Consistent with the notion that information asymmetry in the capital market are lower in the post‐Protocol period, I provide empirical evidence and argue that the research coverage by Protocol members enables managers to access capital and extend their investment opportunities. My findings suggest that analyst coverage by Protocol members has a favourable effect on investment in innovative projects, production capacity and acquisitions.
Progressive grey matter alterations in bipolar disorder across the life span – A systematic review
Authors: Förster Katharina , Horstmann Rosa H. , Dannlowski Udo , Houenou Josselin , Kanske Philipp 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo elucidate the relationship between the course of bipolar disorder (BD) and structural brain changes across the life span, we conducted a systematic review of longitudinal imaging studies in adolescent and adult BD patients.MethodsEleven studies with 329 BD patients and 277 controls met our PICOS criteria (participants, intervention, comparison, outcome and study design): BD diagnosis based on DSM criteria, natural course of disease, comparison of grey matter changes in BD individuals over ≥1‐year interval between scans.ResultsThe selected studies yielded heterogeneous findings, partly due to varying patient characteristics, data acquisition and statistical models. Mood episodes were associated with greater grey matter loss in frontal brain regions over time. Brain volume decreased or remained stable in adolescent patients, whereas it increased in healthy adolescents. Adult BD patients showed increased cortical thinning and brain structural decline. In particular, disease onset in adolescence was associated with amygdala volume reduction, which was not reported in adult BD.ConclusionsThe evidence collected suggests that the progression of BD impairs adolescent brain development and accelerates structural brain decline across the lifespan. Age‐specific changes in amygdala volume in adolescent BD suggest that reduced amygdala volume is a correlate of early onset BD. Clarifying the role of BD in brain development across the lifespan promises a deeper understanding of the progression of BD patients through different developmental episodes.
Latent Deformation Models for Multivariate Functional Data and Time-Warping Separability
Authors: Carroll Cody , Müller Hans-Georg 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Multivariate functional data present theoretical and practical complications that are not found in univariate functional data. One of these is a situation where the component functions of multivariate functional data are positive and are subject to mutual time warping. That is, the component processes exhibit a common shape but are subject to systematic phase variation across their domains in addition to subject-specific time warping, where each subject has its own internal clock. This motivates a novel model for multivariate functional data that connect such mutual time warping to a latent-deformation-based framework by exploiting a novel time-warping separability assumption. This separability assumption allows for meaningful interpretation and dimension reduction. The resulting latent deformation model is shown to be well suited to represent commonly encountered functional vector data. The proposed approach combines a random amplitude factor for each component with population-based registration across the components of a multivariate functional data vector and includes a latent population function, which corresponds to a common underlying trajectory. We propose estimators for all components of the model, enabling implementation of the proposed data-based representation for multivariate functional data and downstream analyses such as Fréchet regression. Rates of convergence are established when curves are fully observed or observed with measurement error. The usefulness of the model, interpretations, and practical aspects are illustrated in simulations and with application to multivariate human growth curves and multivariate environmental pollution data.
Aversive well‐being comparisons in dysphoria and the role of brooding rumination
Authors: Schlechter Pascal , Morina Nexhmedin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesIndividuals frequently engage in comparisons on how they are doing relative to different standards. According to the general comparative‐processing model, comparisons can be perceived as aversive (appraised as threatening the motives of the comparer) or appetitive (appraised as consonant with, or positively challenging the motives). Research indicates that aversive comparisons are associated with depression. We hypothesize that aversive comparisons play a significant role in the relationship between brooding rumination and depression. Drawing on central propositions of control theory that discrepancies instigate rumination, we investigated the mediating role of brooding rumination in this relationship. Reflecting the different directionality, we also examined whether well‐being comparisons mediate the relationship between brooding rumination and depression.MethodsDysphoric participants (N = 500) were administered measures of depression and brooding rumination, and the Comparison Standards Scale for Well‐being. The latter assesses aversive social, temporal, counterfactual, and criteria‐based comparisons regarding their (a) frequency, (b) perceived discrepancy to the standard, and (c) engendered affective valence.ResultsThe relationship between the frequency of aversive comparisons with depression was partially accounted for by comparison discrepancy and engendered affective valence and brooding rumination. The relationship between rumination and depression was partially mediated by sequential comparison processes.ConclusionsLongitudinal research needs to unravel the underlying directionality of the relationship between depression, brooding, and comparison. Relevant clinical implications of well‐being comparison are discussed.
Single‐cell profiling of ineffective erythropoiesis in a mouse model of β‐thalassaemia intermedia
Authors: Peng Yuanliang , Liang Long , Zhang Haihang , Liu Hong , Zhang Guanxiong , Sun Shuming , Guo Xianfeng , Wang Yanpeng , Hu Bin , Liu Rui , Li Yanan , Nie Ling , Zhang Ji , Ye Mao , Ginzburg Yelena Z. , Lin Zhong , Yin Biao , Chen Huiyong , Liu Jing 
Published: March 2023

SummaryBeta‐thalassaemia is an inherited haemoglobin disorder characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis (IE). The detailed pathogenesis of IE remains unclear. In this study, we used single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) to examine IE in Th3/+ β‐thalassaemic mice. The results showed that the erythroid group was remarkably expanded, and genes involved in biological processes such as iron metabolism, haeme synthesis, protein folding, and response to heat were significantly upregulated from erythroid progenitors to reticulocytes in β‐thalassaemic mice. In particular, we identified a unique cell population close to reticulocytes, named ThReticulocytes, characterised by a high level of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression and dysregulation of iron metabolism and haeme synthesis signalling. Treatment of β‐thalassaemic mice with the haeme oxygenase inhibitor tin‐mesoporphyrin effectively improved the iron disorder and IE, and the ThReticulocyte population and Hsp70 expression were significantly suppressed. This study revealed in detail the progression of IE at the single‐cell level and possibly provided clues to find therapeutic targets in thalassaemia.