bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Briefwechsel von Gyula Moravcsik und Franz Dölger
Authors: Juhász Erika 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe letters from the German Byzantinologist Franz Dölger (editor-in-chief of Byzantinische Zeitschrift), informative documents on the history of the period and of contemporary science, occupy a special place in the legacy of Gyula Moravcsik kept in the Manuscript Archives of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. They give a shocking picture of the losses suffered during World War II, but also of the chaos following its conclusion. There are also many references to the post-war fate of individuals in the emerging status quo. We can gain insights into the private lives of the two families, but thanks to the close friendship between them, we can also glean valuable information about the development of both Hungarian and international scholarship in the field of Byzantine Studies.
Decolonizar la Retórica Monumental.
Authors: Vazquez Rakel 
Published: January 2025

Los Monumentos sirven como canal de transmisión de un mensaje cerrado y propagandístico que establece el discurso de quienes los erigen. Razón por la cual, al aflorar tensiones sociales, reciben los embistes de la población que muestra así el descontento social. Tal es el caso de las protestas luego del asesinato de George Floyd, que dieron lugar al BLM. Un movimiento que traspasó EEUU -convirtiéndose en internacional con especial repercusión en Latinoamérica- y que desencadenó la violencia sobre aquellas estatuas que representan la supremacia blanca, la esclavitud y/o el colonialismo. Monumentos por los cuales las prácticas artísticas también se han interesado con el objetivo de decolonizarlos. Queremos analizar algunas de las que han abordado la figura de Colón (precursor del colonialismo), estableciendo un diálogo entre los trabajos de Daniela Ortiz, Rogelio López Cuenca y Elo Vega sobre la figura del genovés. Para profundizar después, a través de Canon, obra de Mateo Maté, en la que puede ser la génesis estética de este discurso hegemónico.Trazando a partir de ella un recorrido que vincula las implicaciones históricas de El Discóbolo de Mirón con el ideario supremacista y nuestro gusto esculpido por la estética incolora de lo blanco.
The Analysis of Anterior Facial Dimensions Among the Sample of Kurdish Population
Authors: Mahmood Bayad Jaza , Abdalla Mahmood Mohammed , Abdalkarim Kardo Mustafa , Hamaamin Kanar  Abdaladhim , Qadr Omar Ali Hama , Sabr Zhyar Falah 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Cephalometric analysis is essential for assessing facial proportions and planning treatments in orthodontics. Different populations, like the Kurdish group, have unique facial features, requiring specific norms for accurate clinical practice. This study establishes these norms for the Kurdish population.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 111 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Kurdish individuals aged 20-45 with balanced facial characteristics and class I occlusion. Radiographs were traced using digital tracing methods to measure total anterior facial height (TAFH), upper anterior facial height (UAFH), and lower anterior facial height (LAFH). The UAFH/TAFH and LAFH/TAFH ratios were also calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.
Results: The study establishes cephalometric norms for the Kurdish population, highlighting significant sex differences in facial height measurements. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of facial morphology in the Kurdish population, with implications for improving orthodontic and orthognathic treatment outcomes.
Conclusion: The study provides cephalometric norms for the Kurdish population, aiding in personalized orthodontic and orthognathic treatment planning. It also highlights significant sex differences, essential for achieving culturally appropriate aesthetic outcomes.
Investigating the Effect of Orthodontic Treatment on Salivary IgA Levels
Authors: Arefi Arian Hesam , Khorshidi Omid , Hosseinabadi Abolfazl 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: One of the most important and complex functions of saliva is its defensive role, which is mainly performed by immunoglobulins, especially secretory IgA. This study investigated the effect of orthodontic treatment on changes in the salivary levels of IgA.
Materials and Methods: Forty patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were examined in two fixed and removable groups. Saliva collection was done in three stages: before orthodontic treatment and three and six months after orthodontic treatment. Salivary IgA level was measured using the ELISA method. First, the salivary samples were centrifuged, and then the amount of IgA in the upper part of the solution was determined using the ELISA method.
Results: In the fixed and removable orthodontic treatment groups, the amount of salivary IgA before treatment, three months after treatment, and six months after treatment, according to ANOVA, showed a significant difference in the mean of salivary IgA levels.
Conclusion: With the start of orthodontic treatment, one can witness an increase in the defense mechanisms of saliva, as evidenced by an increase in the amount of IgA, with differences between fixed and removable orthodontic treatments.
Multi Level Marketing
Authors: Wadlewski Aron Axel 
Published: January 2025

Autor monografii podejmuje problematykę sukcesu biznesowego w kontekście działalności biznesowej polegającej na współpracy z firmami z branży Multi Level Marketingu (MLM). W pracy szczegółowo wyjaśniono istotę MLM. Autor monografii w sposób kompleksowy dokonuje analizy koncepcji MLM, uwzględniając zarówno aspekty teoretyczne, jak i empiryczne. W pracy podkreślono złożoność i wielowymiarowość problematyki sukcesu rynkowego oraz zidentyfikowano główne czynniki, które mogą mieć wpływ na możliwość osiągnięcia sukcesu w działalności MLM. Inspirującym modelem identyfikującym grupy takich czynników okazał się model czterolistnej koniczyny R. Kozielskiego, skupiający się na obszarach takich jak odkrywanie możliwości biznesowych, tworzenie konceptów i modeli biznesu, podnoszenie sprawności operacyjnej oraz kreowanie kultury organizacyjnej i przywództwa.
Monografia stanowi połączenie analizy teoretycznej i empirycznej, gdzie teoria czerpie z dostępnej literatury przedmiotu, zarówno polskiej jak i międzynarodowej, natomiast część empiryczna opiera się na badaniach ilościowych i jakościowych. W pracy wykorzystano tzw. triangulację metodologiczną. Badania ilościowe zostały przeprowadzone na grupie 352 przedsiębiorców, którzy prowadzą działalność biznesową w oparciu o model MLM. Z kolei badania jakościowe miały charakter wywiadów swobodnych z ważnymi przedstawicielami sprzedaży bezpośredniej i MLM w Polsce.
Praca posiada walory aplikacyjne. Stanowi cenne źródło informacji dla osób rozważających rozpoczęcie działalności MLM, oferując wiedzę na temat czynników, które mogą wpływać na ich wyniki rynkowe.
Pediatric distal metaphysis fractures of the humerus: etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostics, treatment
Authors: Amairi O. N. , Akhtyamov I. F. , Tsoy I. V. , Andreev P. S. 
Published: January 2025

Backgrоund. Distal metaphysis fractures of the humerus in children are the most common among elbow joint injuries in children, occurring in 64–70%. Aim. Generalization of literature data and presentation of modern views on epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures in children.Materials and methods. A systematic literature search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, eLIBRARY, RINTS, Google Scholar, Cyberleninka, eLibrary, etc. The inclusion criteria were publications on fractures of the distal metaphysis of the humerus, treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children aged 1–17 years.Results. Distal metaphysis fractures of the humerus are the most common among elbow joint fractures in children. Treatment of non-displaced fractures Gartland type I is conservative. The preferred method of treatment for displaced fractures Gartland types (II, III and VI) is closed reduction with percutaneous pinning osteosynthesis. In case of unsuccessful attempts to perform closed reduction, or in case of development of serious neurovascularal disorders, open reduction with revision of the fracture area is used. Surgical interventions with osteosynthesis of distal humerus fractures have increased several times in recent years, but the number of corrective osteotomies in the treatment of post-traumatic deformities has significantly decreased.Conclusions. The correct approach in the diagnostics and treatment of pediatric distal metaphyseal fractures of the humerus, a reasonable choice of surgical treatment method and osteosynthesis technique ensure positive treatment results and reduce the risk of complications throughout all stages of the treatment period.
Asymmetry of anatomical parameters in MRI examination of the precentral gyrus and cerebellum
Authors: Balandin V. A. , Balandin A. A. , Zheleznov L. M. , Balandina I. A. 
Published: January 2025

Studying the structure and functioning of various brain structures, as well as understanding their interaction, is a central task set for modern scientists in the field of neuromorphology. Although both hemispheres of the human brain develop simultaneously and strive for "sameness" at both the anatomical and functional levels, scientists have long established that there are certain morphofunctional differences between them.The aim of the study was to identify the severity of asymmetry of anatomical parameters during magnetic resonance imaging of the precentral gyrus and cerebellum.Object and methods. The analysis of the results of MR tomography of the brain of 53 people (28 men and 25 women) of the second period of adulthood without diseases and injuries of the organs of the central and peripheral nervous system, righthanded people was carried out.Results. When comparing the width of the precentral gyrus in both men and women, a tendency to their prevalence in the left hemisphere was revealed (p > 0.05). Similarly, an asymmetry in the cerebellum was revealed, consisting in the prevalence of indicators in its right hemisphere (p > 0.05). There is also a predominance of size in the sample of men (p > 0.05), which we explain by the larger size of the skull in comparison with the sample of women.Conclusion. The information obtained is of important both theoretical and practical importance for specifying information about certain structures of the brain, in particular its precentral gyrus and cerebellum, when using radiation diagnostic methods, and in clinical practice it can form the basis for identifying certain anatomical patterns of the hemispheres of the brain and cerebellum.
Review of external neck landmarks in the aspect of operative surgical care
Authors: Zhandarov K. A. , Dydykin S. S. , Mirontsev A. V. , Polovikov I. P. , Garaeva G. A. 
Published: January 2025

Background. The high prevalence of neck injuries and the complexity of their surgical treatment represent one of the key challenges in modern clinical anatomy and operative surgery. Understanding the external anatomy of the neck plays a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries.Objective. To systematize and analyze data on external neck landmarks, their classification, and significance in surgical practice, with a particular emphasis on applications in operative and military field surgery.Methods. A comprehensive analysis of historical and contemporary scientific sources on neck anatomy and surgery was conducted. Works ranging from ancient authors (Hippocrates, Vesalius, Leonardo da Vinci) to modern researchers were examined, including studies by domestic scientists (A.P. Samarin, V.N. Shevkunenko, S.N. Delitsyn) and foreign specialists (Monson). Results. A classification of external neck landmarks is presented, dividing them into primary (bone and muscle structures, such as the sternocleidomastoid muscle, jugular notch of the sternum, laryngeal cartilages) and secondary (superficial vessels and nerves). Their application in determining anatomical boundaries, localizing wound channels, and performing surgical interventions is described. The importance of knowledge of these landmarks for external examination, diagnosis, patient triage, and provision of primary and specialized medical care is emphasized.Conclusions. Knowledge of external neck landmarks is fundamental for the effective performance of surgical manipulations and improving treatment outcomes for patients with neck injuries. This research has particular practical significance for military field surgery, where rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of neck wounds can be critical for saving patients' lives.Practical Significance. The results of the study can be used to improve diagnostic and treatment methods for neck injuries, as well as for training surgeons.
Study on Distribution Law of Ground Stress in Main Coal Seam of Qinshui Coalfield
Authors: Youliang Feng , Longyun Wu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In order to investigate the distribution patterns of in situ stress in the main coal seams (3# and 15#) of the Qinshui coalfield, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the in situ stress measurement results obtained from 139 measurement points across 46 mines within the mining area. The findings indicate that the maximum horizontal principal stress in the coal mining area of both seams is generally higher than the vertical principal stress. The stress field exhibits characteristics of a tectonic stress field, while deeper regions display features of a vertical stress field. The in situ stress values in the mining area of coal seam 3# are predominantly characterized by moderate stress field zones, while those in the mining area of coal seam 15# are mainly composed of low to moderate stress field zones. The maximum horizontal principal stress in the Yangquan and Changzhi mining areas for both coal Seams 3# and 15# is concentrated in the NE direction, whereas in the Jincheng mining area, it is predominantly concentrated in the NW direction, indicating a clear directionality. With increasing depth, the following trends can be observed approximately: the maximum and minimum horizontal principal stress values generally exhibit an increasing trend, and the geological structures throughout the mining area are primarily dominated by horizontal tectonic movements; the lateral pressure ratio gradually decreases and tends to concentrate near the value of 1; the relative difference between the maximum and minimum principal stresses tends to increase, with the horizontal principal stress difference ratio concentrating near 0.5. The relationship between the average horizontal principal stress ratio (k) and vertical principal stress at different depths within the measured area follows Hawke-Brown’s general law for this relationship curve. The research results have important guiding significance for the design of coal mining engineering in this area.
Pig-Derived Lactobacillus reuteri as an Oral Vaccine Delivery System Overcomes the Intestinal Mucus Barrier to Induce Immune Responses
Authors: Guo Tiantian , Liu Lifei , Wang Shuai , Li Jiaxuan , Jiang Yanping , Cui Wen , liu Dandan , Li Yijing , Wang Li 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Local mucosal immune responses play a crucial role in protecting mucosal surfaces from infections, with the mucus layer serving as a significant component of the mucosal barrier that prevents direct contact of foreign materials with epithelial cells. Research has focused on using Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as potential carriers for oral vaccines due to their ability to colonize the intestine and stimulate high levels of mucosal antibodies against expressed foreign antigens. However, the mechanism of the interaction between LAB vector and host intestine in the process of inducing immune response remains understudied. The intestinal mucus layer is a significant component of the mucosal barrier, which can prevent direct contact of foreign materials with intestinal epithelial cells. This article addresses this gap utilizing recombinant Pig-Derived Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) expressing the PEDV S1 antigen as a model strain and investigates how it traverses the mucus barrier upon entering the porcine small intestine to initiate immune responses. The results demonstrate that L. reuteri can penetrate and adhere to the interior of the mucus layer, subsequently being sampled by dendritic cells (DCs) to activate the immune system, and during intestinal colonization, L. reuteri can maintain its own replication. This study provides insights into the mechanisms by which LAB, as carriers of oral vaccines, overcome the intestine mucus barrier and induce mucosal immune responses, complements the interaction between LAB and the gut, offering valuable information for the application of LAB in oral vaccines to prevent intestinal infectious diseases.
The cost of soil degradation in one of the major breadbaskets in the world
Authors: Grassini Patricio , Monzon Juan Pablo , Andrade Jose , Rozas Hernán Sainz , Wyngaard Nicolas , Tenorio Fatima , Aramburu-Merlos Fernando , Andrade Fernando , Bert Federico , Brihet Juan , Calviño Pablo , Cassman Kenneth , Dobermann Achim , Ferraris Gustavo , Ferreyra Juan , Garcia Fernando , Gayo Sofia , Mercau Jorge , Regeiro Daniela , Calvo Nahuel Reussi , Salvagiotti Fernando , Taboada Miguel , Viglizzo Ernesto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The global food system relies on crop production in limited number of regions around the world. The South American Pampas region is a major breadbasket due to favorable weather and fertile soils for reliable crop production and capacity to produce a large grain and oilseeds surplus. However, for decades, nutrient inputs have been much lower than in other regions, leading to heavy “mining” of soil nutrient stocks. Here we evaluated the impact of soil degradation using soil and crop surveys and field-level data sets from across the Pampas. Compared to a balanced nutrient input management regime, current nutrient management reduces total grain output by 41 million tons and farmer profit by US$ 6.3 billion annually, which leads to a severe decline in soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks. We conclude that the region must improve its nutrient management to retain its role as a highly productive, global breadbasket while preserving soil health for future generations.
Structural basis of vilazodone dual binding mode to the serotonin transporter
Authors: Loland Claus , Kalenderoglou Iris , Nygaard Andreas , Vogt Caleb , Turaev Anton , Pape Tillmann , Adams Nathan , Newman Amy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The serotonin transporter (SERT) plays a pivotal role in regulating serotonin (5-HT) signaling and is a key target in treating psychiatric disorders. SERT has a binding site (S1) for 5-HT that also serves as a high-affinity binding site for antidepressants. The antidepressant vilazodone has been shown to inhibit SERT by binding to an allosteric site. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of SERT with vilazodone bound to the S1 site and extending towards the allosteric site. We systematically dissect the vilazodone molecule into fragments and find that the terminal indole ring is the key determinant for its high affinity to SERT. Further, unlike typical Na+-dependent SERT-selective antidepressants, vilazodone exhibits a dissociation constant (KD) for purified SERT in the nanomolar range both in the presence or absence of Na+. We substantiate this binding mode by exploring the conformational impact of vilazodone binding to SERT using site-specific insertion of the fluorescent non-canonical amino acid Anap. Our results offer novel molecular insight into the distinct pharmacological profile of a clinically used polymodal antidepressant.
Investigation of Ore Quality and Its Geological Significance in the Tawenchahanxi Mining Area of East Kunlun
Authors: Li wenzhong , Ji bingyan , Li yanqing , Yuan guilin , Wang jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The Tawenchahanxi mining area is a representative skarn-type deposit located in the Qimantage region, within the western section of the East Kunlun orogenic belt. Following over a decade of continuous development since exploration commenced in 2009, both the mining rights and detailed exploration rights have been submitted.This paper investigates various quality characteristics of the ore, including mineral composition, structural features, chemical composition, and ore types. The aim is to enhance our understanding of the mineralogical characteristics present in this area and to provide a foundation for future geological work.Research findings indicate that the mining area exhibits a rich diversity of ore types, with deposits characterized by multi-genesis processes, multiple stages of formation, and various mineral species. This complexity broadens prospecting opportunities within this region. The ore body contains 30.98% magnetic iron (mFe) content and 15.60% FeO content, resulting in an mFe/TFe ratio of 86%, classifying it as magnetite ore.Additionally, analyses reveal that the ore contains sulfur at 5.30%, arsenic at 0.30%, and MgO at 14.27%. The elevated levels of arsenic, sulfur, and MgO adversely affect the quality of iron concentrate and copper concentrate products. Furthermore, there exists a complex relationship among co-associated elements; thus, it is imperative to strengthen research on comprehensive recovery processes.
Weighted correlation network and differential expression analyses identify prognostic lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA-ceRNA regulatory network in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Guo Jun-Hui , Liu Bei-Bei , Chen Jun-Hui , Du Si-Run , Liu Chang , Li Dong-Dong , Wang Xin-Xin , Wang Xu , Bai Lu-Yuan , Liu Pei-Min , Ma Chun-Zheng , Zheng Yu-Ling , Xu Tian-Wen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours arose from the esophagus. ESCC is highly lethal due to the late onset of symptoms and therefore, there is an urgent need to deepen the molecular understanding of this disease and identify potential prognostic biomarkers to further guide ESCC treatment. As a type of non-coding RNAs, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) reveals a novel mechanism of interaction between RNAs in various cancers. However, the understanding of the ceRNA regulatory network in ESCC is still unclear.
Methods
In this study, RNA-seq and clinicopathological characteristics data of ESCC and normal esophageal tissues was obtained from TCGA and GTEx database, respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ESCC and normal esophagel tissues were identified by employing R package (edgeR). Functional enrichment analysis of these DEGs was performed through the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes-Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (KEGG-GSEA). Subsequently, multivariate cox and survival analysis were performed to evaluate these DEGs. Then the expression of these 9 DEGs was investigated through Q-PCR in normal esophageal epithelial and ESCC cells.
Results
Compared to normal tissues, a total of 794 mRNAs were up-regulated and 1118 mRNAs were down-regulated in ESCC. The results of GO analysis showed an enrichment of the up-regulated genes in leukocyte migration, humoral immune response, phagocytosis and complement activation. Meanwhile, the results of KEGG-GSEA analysis showed an enrichment of the up-regulated genes in cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway and extracellular matrix receptor interaction, while an enrichment of the down-regulated genes in vascular smooth muscle contraction, ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation. The survival analysis identified significant association of poor prognosis with five up-regulated genes and four down-regulated genes.
Conclusion
This study identified several differential expression genes with prognostic values, and these genes may provide new insights into the roles of ceRNA regulatory network in ESCC.