bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurological Soft Signs in Type I Bipolar Disorder and Bipolar Spectrum Patients and Their Unaffected First‐Degree Relatives: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Sadr Seyed Saeed , Samimi‐Ardestani Seyed Mehdi , Semnani Yousef , Adel Narges , Tajari Faezeh , Samani Nastaran 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThis study aimed to compare neurological soft signs (NSSs) in type 1 bipolar disorder (BD), bipolar spectrum (BS) patients, and their unaffected first‐degree relatives.MethodsThis descriptive cross‐sectional study involved participants referred to the Psychiatric Department of Imam Hossein Hospital. Five groups (n = 25): patients with type 1 BD, patients with BS, unaffected first‐degree relatives of the two groups, and a control group were evaluated using the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES).ResultsThe analysis revealed that patients with bipolar I disorder had the highest NES scores, with significant group differences (F(4.120) = 10.36, p < 0.001). The Bonferroni correction identified bipolar I patients as the primary source of this difference, while other groups did not significantly differ. ANCOVA showed that age (F(1.123) = 3.92, p = 0.052) and gender (F(1.123) = 0.1, p = 0.75) had no significant influence on NES scores. However, all four NES subsets significantly contributed to the overall score, except for the sensory subset. Differences were significant between bipolar I patients and most other groups, except the BS group, which showed no significant differences from the rest. No correlation was found with age, gender, or age of disease onset.ConclusionThe higher NSS severity in type I BD compared to BS and control groups highlights its potential link to the genetic and neurodevelopmental differences in BD type I. Further research is recommended.
Design, Scale‐Up, and Dynamic Simulation of a Patented Bayonet Reactor for Commercial Hydrogen Production via Sulfur‐Iodine Water Splitting
Authors: Yap Li Wei , Ong Wan Yi , Kolmetz Karl , Nandong Jobrun , Mohd Noraini , Siwayanan Parthiban 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe sulfuric acid decomposition reactor is a key component of the iodine‐sulfur thermochemical cycle process. The design of the sulfuric acid decomposition reactor requires excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength performance. In this work, a patented reactor on a pilot scale was scaled up to an industrial scale. A plant equipment design for an industrial‐scale reactor was performed. Based on an integrated inherent safety design approach, it was determined that the optimal thickness was 110 mm, and the design passed all stress analysis tests. With a minimum targeted hydrogen production rate of 1000 kg/h, the process design yielded a reactor with a diameter of 7 m and a height of 30 m, while silicon carbide was chosen as the construction material. The scaled‐up reactor was dynamically simulated in MATLAB. Simulink demonstrated that both the reactor temperature and product flow rates successfully produced a stable response within 1.8 and 4 h of operation, respectively.
Patients with jumping sign exhibit rotational and bony structural abnormalities consistent with high‐grade J‐sign in recurrent patellar dislocation
Authors: Wang Daofeng , Liu Yang , Sun Jianzhong , Fu Qizhen , Lv Chengcheng , Yue Tian , Tang Zhengjie , Zhang Zhijun , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo propose a new sign of patellar maltracking in recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) and compare the differences in lower limb rotational and bony structural abnormalities among the different signs.Patients and MethodsA retrospective study included 279 patients (mean age: 22 years; female: 81%) who underwent primary surgery for RPD over the past 4 years was performed. The patients were grouped based on the characteristics of patellar tracking: low‐, moderate‐ and high‐grade J‐sign. Patients were further divided into ‘jumping’ and ‘gliding’ subgroups based on whether the patella exhibited a ‘jumping’ sign during flexion–extension motion. All patients received bilateral standard hip–knee–ankle CT scans. The rotational and bony structural parameters of affected knees were measured, and the differences in these variables among the groups were described and analyzed. Reliability analysis was performed to test the consistency of J‐sign grading and measurements.ResultsThere were 92, 100 and 87 patients in the low‐, moderate‐ and high‐grade J‐sign, respectively. The overall incidence of the jumping sign is 37%. The incidence of the ‘Jumping sign’ in the high‐grade J‐sign was significantly higher than in the other two groups (82% vs. 32% vs. 0, p < 0.001). Compared to those with the gliding sign, patients with the jumping sign have higher proportions of increased femoral anteversion (40.8% vs. 24.4%, p = 0.004), excessive knee torsion (61.2% vs. 15.3%, p < 0.001), trochlear dysplasia (95.1% vs. 69.3%, p < 0.001), pronounced supratrochlear spur (73.1% vs. 32.3%, p < 0.001), increased tibial tuberosity‐trochlear groove distance (68% vs. 43.3%, p < 0.001), flatter lateral trochlear inclination (81.3% vs. 27.5%, p < 0.001) and excessive sulcus angle (68.7% vs. 35.3%, p = 0.003). No significant morphological differences were found in various bony structural parameters between knees with jumping sign and high‐grade J‐sign (all p > 0.05). The inter‐observer reliability kappa values were 0.65 for the quadrant classification and 0.83 for the new patellar sign.ConclusionIn RPD patients, the rotational and bony structural abnormalities in the jumping sign are highly consistent with the high‐grade J sign. This finding may assist the surgeon and their patients in making informed decisions about further imaging tests and osteotomy procedures in the treatment of RPD.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, cross‐sectional study.
Responses of Soil Microbial Communities to Abandoned Paddy Fields With Different Fertilization Histories
Authors: Xu Risheng , Li Ke , Chen Anlei , Chen Yanlong , Sheng Rong , Chen Chunlan , Qin Hongling , Zhang Wenzhao , Liu Yi , Rodríguez Heriberto Vargas , Kanaparti Dheeraj , Zhu Baoli 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe abandonment of cultivated fields notably affects soil characteristics. However, its impact on soil microbial community composition, particularly under different fertilization regimes, remains poorly understood. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of abandoned paddy fields with different fertilization histories (no fertilization, NK, NP, and NPK) on the abundance, composition, and their predicted function of soil bacteria and fungi. Our findings revealed that the abandonment led to a considerable decrease in soil bacterial and fungal biomass. Fertilization history and abandonment each significantly affected on the bacterial community, resulting in increased relative proportions of Acidobacteria and decreased relative proportions of Proteobacteria in the NP and NPK treatments compared to those in the CK and NK treatments. The fungal community only exhibited a notable response to abandonment, with variations in the relative abundance of Ascomycota, Mucoromycota, and Basidiomycota. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed the significant association between soil bacterial community and pH, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus, whereas the pH and NO3−–N were key drivers of fungal community variations in abandoned soils. Network analysis indicated that abandonment enhanced the complexity but decreased the stability of the bacterial community, while fungi exhibited the opposite trend. Our findings highlight that changes in bacterial functions caused by residual nutrients, particularly high residual phosphorus, may accelerate soil organic C decomposition. Overall, this study provides a novel insight into the shifts in soil bacterial and fungal communities and their ecological functions after the abandonment of cultivated fields.
Additive Manufacturing and Functionalization of Hollow Polypropylene Sorbents for Water Remediation
Authors: Zheng Jian , Robertson Mark , Patil Nikhil A. , Park Jay Hoon , Qiang Zhe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs the demand for clean water intensifies, developing effective methods for removing pollutants from contaminated sources becomes increasingly crucial. This work establishes a method for additive manufacturing of functional polymer sorbents with hollow porous features, designed to enhance interactions with organic micropollutants. Specifically, core–shell filaments are used as the starting materials, which contain polypropylene (PP) as the shell and poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene) as the core, to fabricate 3‐dimensional (3D) structures on‐demand via material extrusion. After 3D printing, the cores of the printed roads are removed through solvent extraction, creating hollow structures that increase accessible surface area for adsorption. Subsequently, a sulfonation‐induced crosslinking reaction installs sulfonic acid functionalities into the PP backbones, while enhancing their chemical stability. It is found that larger voids, and thinner polymer shells, enable improved structural retention during the sulfonation through limiting reaction‐induced stresses. The hollow sulfonated PP sorbents exhibit a strong affinity against cationic pollutants. Specifically, larger voids within these structures not only improve structural integrity but also result in accelerated adsorption kinetics by maximizing accessible surface area, thereby enhancing pollutant removal efficiency. This work provides a promising solution for advanced structured sorbent fabrication with hollow architectures, leading to more effective solutions for water contaminant removal in the future.
LncRNA FGD5‐AS1 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Stemness by Enhancing PKD1 mRNA Stability Through Binding With MSI2
Authors: He Chenkun , Liu Rongrong , Zhou Tianli 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global health concern that accounts for more than 80% of all primary hepatic carcinomas. The long noncoding RNA FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5‐AS1) has been linked to HCC cell stemness and proliferation. However, the exact function of FGD5‐AS1 in HCC remains unclear. Cell viability and proliferation were examined using the CCK8 and colony formation assays, respectively. Cell stemness was examined using a sphere formation assay. To investigate the relation between Musashi 2 (MSI2) and FGD5‐AS1 (or protein kinase D1 [PKD1]), RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull‐down assays were used. Furthermore, a xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the function of FGD5‐AS1 in vivo. FGD5‐AS1, MSI2, and PKD1 were upregulated in the HCC tissues. FGD5‐AS1 knockdown significantly inhibited the viability, proliferation, and stemness of HCC cells and decreased the expression of MSI2, PKD1, octamer‐binding transcription factor 4, SOX2, NANOG, and Prominin‐1 in HCC cells. Mechanistically, FGD5‐AS1 increased PKD1 mRNA stability by upregulating MSI2 expression. Both MSI2 and PKD1 ameliorated sh‐FGD5‐AS1's inhibition of HCC cell viability, proliferation, and stemness. Furthermore, FGD5‐AS1 silencing inhibited HCC tumor growth and stemness in vivo. FGD5‐AS1 promotes the stemness of HCC cells by activating the MSI2/PKD1 axis. Our study provides a new theoretical foundation for the development of novel HCC treatments.
Miniaturized Intermediate‐Frequency Filter for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
Authors: Kewei Qian , Miao Tian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA new type of intermediate‐frequency (IF) filter based on LTCC multilayer technology for BeiDou navigation satellite system is presented in this letter. By reasonably selecting the equivalent circuit value of each passive component, and separating the effective area of each inductance and capacitance to reduce the influence of parasitic coupling, an IF bandpass filter with a center frequency of only 46 MHz can be realized in a ceramic surface mount package. Besides, the locations of the transmission zeros can be tuned individually by changing the LC value of each resonant cell, thus a deep suppression level and wide stopband could be obtained simultaneously. The IF filter has a compact size of 10 mm × 6 mm × 2 mm, which is very suitable for the portable BeiDou B3 system.
Granular Columns of Binary‐Size Mixtures Collapse on a Horizontal Plane
Authors: Vo Thanh‐Trung , Nguyen Nhu H. T. , Nguyen Trung‐Kien , Nguyen Thanh‐Hai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe granular column collapse is a simple model to study natural disasters such as landslides, rock avalanches, and debris flows because of its potential to provide solid links of physical and mechanical properties to these catastrophic flows. Such flows are commonly composed of different grain‐size distributions, namely, polydispersity. Owing to the complexity of different particle‐size phases, explanations of the collapse dynamics, run out distance, and size‐segregation behavior of granular flows remain elusive. A binary‐size mixture of granular materials is well‐known as a simplified version of particle‐size distribution. This paper explores the effects of the large‐particle content on the collapse mobility, deposition morphology, and size segregation of binary‐size mixtures composed in each column geometry. Although the kinetic energy and deposition morphology are nearly insensitive to the content of large particles for each column geometry, the large and small particle‐size phases govern differently on total kinetic energy. Remarkably, the contribution of these two particle phases to the kinetic energy is similar when the large‐particle content reaches around 10% for all column geometries. By quantifying the difference of the apparent friction coefficient of small and large particle phases, the size‐segregation degree of binary‐size mixtures is evaluated. The results noted that the segregation degree increases exponentially with increasing the large‐particle content, but it is nearly independent of the column geometry. These findings complement insights into the flow properties of geological hazards, leading to offering valuable evidence for the management of natural disasters such as landslides and debris flows.
Long‐term time‐dependent deformation and stability analysis of the machine hall of an underground powerhouse cavern using microseismic monitoring
Authors: Kumar Vikalp , V. R. Balasubramaniam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe geomechanical behaviour of the main tunnel of an underground powerhouse structure in the Himalayan region after its construction is a challenge for the geotechnical experts due to the issues of time‐dependent deformation and failure of the rock mass support system. The machine hall of the underground powerhouse of Tala Hydropower Plant facing such issues needs demarcation of the failure zone in advance, as well as parameters to assist in the proper support redesign using a real‐time continuous monitoring system. Seismic source parameters deduced using a three‐dimensional microseismic monitoring network at this powerhouse cavern provide information on the deformation zone in the machine hall and its stability status using spatio‐temporal analysis of seismic potency displacement, Gutenberg–Richter relation and log–log (energy–moment) relationship. Sectional analysis demarcates the deformation zone in the upstream and downstream wall of the machine hall and planar analysis at regular intervals of the machine hall has provided a path of propagation of deformation. This analysis has helped to increase the stability of this underground powerhouse, and the same methodology may be applied to other underground structures for marking their deformation zone to increase their long‐term stability in the Himalayan region.
Impacts of Lifestyle Intervention by a Nurse‐Led Smartphone Application on Blood Pressure, Weight, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Gestational Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Lu Xiaoqin , Zhou Yuheng , Liang Yulian , Wang Shiying , Chen Cong , Ran Xuerong , Zhang Jing , Ou Chun‐Quan , Zhai Jinguo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHigh blood pressure and excess weight during pregnancy can have adverse outcomes. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of a nurse‐led smartphone application‐based lifestyle intervention on blood pressure, body weight, and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational hypertension between August and December 2023. Pregnant women, between 20 and 28 weeks of gestation, were allocated to the intervention or control group. Control group (n = 99) received standard high‐risk pregnancy management, while intervention group (n = 96) also received lifestyle guidance via a nurse‐led smartphone application. Intervention group experienced longer gestations (p = 0.007), higher neonatal weights (p = 0.028), and lower incidences of pre‐eclampsia (p < 0.001), small for gestational age infants (p = 0.003), and preterm births (p = 0.023) compared to control group. The mixed‐effect models for repeated measures showed that the nurse‐led smartphone application intervention had no impact on body mass index, while significantly reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements (β = −1.666, 95% confidence interval, CI: −2.814 to −0.519, p = 0.005 and β = −2.247, 95% CI: −3.349 to −1.145, p < 0.001, respectively). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures showed a downward trend from 28 weeks (p < 0.05). The nurse‐led smartphone application‐based lifestyle intervention significantly reduced adverse pregnancy outcomes and positively influenced blood pressure management in pregnant women with gestational hypertension.
Characterization of Quality Marker for Mume Fructus Pulp by Ultra‐Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry‐Based Untargeted Metabolomics Combined With Biological Activities
Authors: Liu Qiao , Chen Danni , Liu Huixin , Wang Miaomiao , Zhou Yaqian , Dai Hui , Liu Jian , Yin Wu , Yin Fangzhou 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAs a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, Mume Fructus pulp (MFP) has rich nutritional value and biological activity, but its quality control research is relatively scarce.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to evaluate the quality difference between MFPs from different origins and its adulterant apricot pulp (APP), and to identify potential quality markers.MethodsThe chemical compositions were identified by untargeted metabolomics analysis based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry combined with feature‐based molecular networking. The effect of the test samples on the gene expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines was investigated by RT‐qPCR and ELISA analyses to determine their anti‐inflammatory potential. Antioxidant activity was assessed by a free radical scavenging assay. Subsequently, the relationship between biological activity and chemical composition was analyzed by chemometrics, and the quality index of MFP was preliminarily determined. Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, quality markers of MFP and their possible molecular mechanisms were further determined.ResultsThere were significant differences in the contents of flavonoids and organic acids, as well as the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities of MFPs from different habitats. Its adulterant APP was not only different from MFP in composition, but also had significantly weaker biological activity. Sixteen compounds were positively correlated with the antioxidant or anti‐inflammatory effects of MFP. Combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking, citric acid, maleic acid, rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, spiraeoside, and hesperidin were identified as potential quality markers of MFP.ConclusionThis study showed the potential of untargeted metabolomic analysis combined with bioactivity assays in the identification of herbal quality markers.
Future touchscreen disinfection by integrated UVC LEDs?
Authors: Hessling Martin , Noller Kilian , Sicks Ben 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe application of touchscreens in the public and healthcare sectors is increasing worldwide. Their use by different people allows the unintentional spread of pathogens. The combination of UVC LEDs and a quartz plate appears to make it possible to rapidly and automatically disinfect touchscreens between different users without harming the human operator.
Smart photonic sensors
Authors: Nikitskiy Ivan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA new EU initiative of 6.1 million euros, Retina is a four‐year project aiming to combine advanced spectral imagers and photonic chip‐based lidar sensors into versatile multimodal perception systems to revolutionize the healthcare, automotive, and agriculture sectors. This article explores Retina's key objectives, technological developments, and applications while also addressing ongoing challenges and potential directions for future development.
Does a Negative Prostate Biopsy Reduce the Risk of Prostate Cancer Reclassification in an Active Surveillance Protocol? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Bahri Razman Arabzadeh , Mohammadi Abdolreza , Yar Ehsan Zemanati , Rezayat Mina , Heshmat Ramin , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the association of the negative confirmatory and follow‐up biopsy with prostate cancer reclassification in active surveillance protocol.Materials and MethodsA systematic search was performed in databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, on June 25th, 2024, to identify relevant studies regarding negative biopsy and reclassification of prostate cancer among men on AS. The patient data including, sample sizes, follow‐up duration, the status of performing the confirmatory biopsy, hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of each reported HR were evaluated in each study. The relationships between negative biopsies and reclassification were assessed using a forest plot. A random‐effect meta‐analysis was used when high heterogeneity existed among the studies. Otherwise, a fixed‐effect meta‐analysis was utilized. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed by using STATA statistical software, version 16.ResultsA total of 13 articles were included in the study. These articles were published between 2008 and 2023, with the majority being published in recent years (2020–2023). The included articles evaluated a total of 17,900 patients. Our results regarding reclassification and upgrading are represented according to the confirmatory biopsy and subsequent follow‐up biopsies. After a negative confirmatory biopsy, the pooled HR for reclassification was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.38–0.55, p < 0.01). Secondly, the study demonstrated that a decreased chance of cancer upgrading was also connected with negative confirmatory biopsies with a pooled HR of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.45–0.72, p < 0.01). Negative follow‐up biopsies were linked to a 55% decrease in the risk of reclassification, according to the pooled HR for reclassification in patients with negative biopsies compared to those with positive biopsies of 0.45 (95% CI: 0.42–0.48, p < 0.01). Also, patients with negative follow‐up biopsies had a pooled HR for upgrading of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.48–0.67, p < 0.01), indicating a 43% lower chance of upgrading than in patients with positive biopsies.ConclusionIn active surveillance of PCa patients, a negative confirmatory biopsy decreased the chance of cancer reclassification and upgrading, with the pooled OR 0.46 and 0.57 [p < 0.01], respectively. Also, negative follow‐up biopsies were linked to a decreased chance of cancer reclassification and upgrading. Our review recommends extend the follow‐up evaluations in PCa patients with negative findings in surveillance biopsy who scheduled for active surveillance.