bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LECTURER’S VIEW ON PRAGMATIC ISSUE: PRAGMATIC FAILURE AND PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE
Authors: Khasanah Rahmatul , Ningsih Yanti Rahayu , Siswanto Marveline Adelina Putri 
Published: August 2023

Pragmatic is one of the important competencies that should be mastered by language learners because it focuses on utterance and speaker meaning. With regard to its focus, pragmatics deal with language functions-that is what language expression is commonly used in a particular situation. As language function, there are some aspects of pragmatics to be known by language learners during communication. However, this idea is not in line with the real condition because most English teaching in Indonesia does not focus on it. The aim of this research is to know the lecturer’s view on the pragmatic failures phenomenon, students’ pragmatic competence, and the way to solve producing pragmatic failures in communication.
AN ANALYSIS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE PANDEMIC IN TEACHING ENGISH
Authors: Wulandari Yusika , Aristo Thomas Joni Verawanto 
Published: August 2023

The background of this research is the application of distance learning in learning English. This study aims 1) To describe the process of implementing distance learning in learning English at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir during the Covid-19 pandemic. 2) To find out the obstacles to implementing distance learning to teach English at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir during the Covid-19 pandemic. 3) To find out the impact of implementing distance learning for teaching and English at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is qualitative research. The results showed that the implementation of distance learning in learning English for class VIII students at SMPN 02 Kayan Hilir had been implemented well despite the obstacles and impacts 06.25 from distance learning for schools and English teachers and students have a solution. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that in the learning process, the obstacles and impacts of implementing distance learning based on whatsapp and how teachers overcome obstacles and impacts have their respective solutions so that English language learning can be carried out properly. Keywords:Distance Learning, Distance Learning Implementation, English Teaching
STUDI PEMANFAATAN CANGKANG KEPITING (Scylla sp.) UNTUK FILTER AIR TANAH DI KOTA TARAKAN
Authors: Syamsiah Syamsiah , Achyani Ratno , Irawati Heni 
Published: August 2023

The city of Tarakan has the potential of ground water for clean water needs. But for its use, it nedds to be treated first so that the quality is in accordance with the required quality standards. Crab shell (Scylla sp.) waste is used as a filtration technology for water treatment. The purpose of this research was to study the effetiveness of using crab shells as a ground water filter in Tarakan City. The research method used in this study was an experimental method with a complete random design (RAL). Repetition was done three times. The material used was crab shell with a filter level of 30, 60 and 100 cm. Crab shells were combined with the use of activated charcoal, quartz sand and gravel to determine the best composition. The parameters that were tested according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 32 of 2017 (Water Quality Standards for Sanitary Hygiene Needs) are turbidity, color, odor, pH, Temperature, TSS, TDS, nitrate, nitrite, iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). The study’s findings demonstrated that the crab shell’s filtering effectiveness is quite low. For the pH parameter, the effectiveness value increased succcessively based on the filter level of 30,60 and 100 cm which was 54, 71, 80% and the Mn paraneter successively was 74, 92 and 81%. While the parameters of turbidity, color, TDS, TSS, nitrite, nitrate, and iron actually decreased the value of water quality, when compared to the value of standard water.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE SELF-CONFIDENCE OF CLINICAL CLERKSHIP STUDENTS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, NUSA CENDANA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Sulla Paula Beatric Alexis , Dedy Maria Agnes Etty , Damanik Efrisca Meliyuita Br , Sagita Sidarta 
Published: August 2023

Background: COVID-19 first appeared in Wuhan Province, China in 2019 to the extent that it spread worldwide including Indonesia. COVID-19 cases have declined but vaccine targets have not been fully met, and the number of health workers who died during the COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the things that impact the confidence level of the clinical clerkship students.
Objective: This study aims to identify the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the confidence of clinical clesrkship students at the faculty of medicine, Nusa Cendana University.
Methods: The research was conducted analytically observational with a cross sectional approach conducted on 88 respondents of the Faculty of Medicine of Nusa Cendana University using google form. Sampling is performed using stratified random sampling techniques. This study was analyzed univariate and bivariate using Linear Regression tests.
Result: Out of 88 respondents, 83 (94.3%) agreed to have sufficient confidence, 4 respondents (4.5%) strongly agreed to have sufficient confidence, and 1 respondent (1.1%) did not agree to have sufficient confidence. Meanwhile, 87 people (98,9%) were concerned about the pandemic of COVID-19 and 1 person (1,1%) who were not concerned about the pandemic of COVID-19 with the results of the bivariate analysis of both variables were obtained a p= 0,070.
Conclusion: There was no significant effect from the COVID-19 pandemic on the confidence of clinical clesrkship students at the faculty of medicine, Nusa Cendana University.
CORRELATION BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND CONCENTRATION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF NUSA CENDANA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Paceli Verena , Telussa Arley Sadra , Setianingrum Elisabeth Levina , Nurina Rr Listyawati 
Published: August 2023

Background: The results of a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2014 showed that 35.2% of adults (≥18 years) in the United States had short sleep duration. Medical students are relatively prone to having poor sleep quality. Sleep quality is one of the factors that affect concentration, where poor sleep quality can have an impact on decreased ability to concentrate, memory, ability to solve problems and make decisions and think critically.
Objective: To determine the relationship between sleep quality and concentration in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Nusa Cendana.
Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with cross sectional design conducted on preclinical students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Nusa Cendana. The sampling technique was stratified random sampling with a sample size of 69 people. Sleep quality data were obtained from filling out the PSQI questionnaire and testing the concentration using the Stroop test. Data analysis used the Contingency coefficient correlation test.
Results: The sample with poor sleep quality was 40 people (58%) and 29 people (42%) had good sleep quality. The number of samples with a good concentration was 35 people (50.7%) and a bad concentration was 34 people (49.3%). The results of bivariate analysis using the Contingency coefficient test obtained p value = 0.036 (p <0.05) and r=0,244.
Conclusion: There is a significant and weak relationship between sleep quality and concentration among students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Nusa Cendana.
Key words: sleep quality, concentration, medical students.
History of the School of Public Health at the Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education (1971 to 2021)
Authors: Ostrowski Janusz , Zgliczyński Wojciech Stefan , Pinkas Jarosław , Gellert Ryszard 
Published: August 2023

The 50th anniversary of the Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education (CMKP) was celebrated in 2021. Since the beginning, the School of Public Health (SZP) has been inseparable linked with the CMKP. Throughout this period, the position of the SZP director has been held by eight persons i.e. Bogusław Kożusznik (1971 to 1977), Marek Sanecki (1978 to 1991), Andrzej Wojtczak (1991 to 1996), Jerzy Leowski (1996 to 2003), Janusz Opolski (2003 to 2004 and 2005 to 2011), Maria Miller (2005 to 2005), Dorota Cianciara (2011 to 2018) and Jarosław Pinkas (since 2018). In the paper, the consecutive directors and the SZP modifications during the period of the recent 50 years is presented.
PENGARUH KOMPONEN ARUS KAS DAN LABA KOTOR TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Doloksaribu Ardin , Tambunan Bonifasius , Rambe Meysin 
Published: August 2023

Laporan keuangan merupakan sarana yang penting bagi investor dan kreditur untuk mengetahui perkembangan perusahaan secara periodik karena laporan keuangan merupakan sumber informasi yang sangat penting dan dibutuhkan oleh pemakai laporan keuangan. Investor dan kreditur menggunakan informasi arus kas sebagai ukuran kinerja perusahaan, karena informasi tentang arus kas digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menilai kemampuan perusahaan dalam menghasilkan kas dan setara kas serta menilai kebutuhan perusahaan untuk menggunakan arus kas tersebut. Selain arus kas, parameter kinerja perusahaan yang menjadi perhatian utama adalah laba, pada penelitian ini berfokus pada laba kotor karena laba kotor lebih dapat menggambarkan hubungan antara laba dengan harga saham.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh komponen arus kas (aktivitas operasi, aktivitas investasi, aktivitas pendanaan) dan laba kotor terhadap harga saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian regresi berganda dengan sampel sebanyak 45 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2018 – 2020. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah program SPSS versi 26.
Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa secara simultan variabel aktivitas operasi, aktivitas investasi, aktivitas pendanaan, dan laba kotor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara parsial hanya variabel aktivitas pendanaan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PETERNAK SAPI PERAH DALAM PENGOLAHAN PAKAN HIJAUAN DI DESA BALUNG LOR KECAMATAN BALUNG KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Malika Uyun Erma , Prasetyo Anang Febri , Wijaya Jemi Cahya Adi 
Published: August 2023

Kebutuhan pakan hijauan untuk sapi perah sangat tinggi sebagai asupan makanan atau energi agar dapat menghasilkan susu perah yang berkuantitas dan berkualitas tinggi. Ketersediaan hijauan tersebut akan semakin berkurang pada saat musim kemarau tiba, seperti yang terdapat pada peternak sapi perah di Kabupaten Jember yaitu kelompok ternak “Mandiri Sejahtera” yang terdapat di Desa Balung Lor Kecamatan Balung Kabupaten Jember. Berkaitan dengan permasalahan dan analisis situasi di sekitar lokasi para peternak tersebut, maka dalam kegiatan ini akan diberikan solusi berupa teknik pengolahan pakan melalui pemanfaatan bahan baku limbah jerami kedelai yang banyak terdapat di sekitar lokasi peternak sebagai alternatif sumber pakan hijauan sapi perah. Metode pendekatan yang dilaksanakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah melalui pendekatan on farm. Pelaksanaannya memperhatikan konsep efisiensi dan efektifitas penggunaan sumberdaya lokal dan peningkatan sumberdaya manusia (human resource), yaitu melalui pelatihan pengolahan jerami kedelai sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber pakan hijauan sapi perah. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan maka target dan luaran dapat tercapai, yaitu berupa peningkatan keterampilan peternak sapi perah khususnya pada kelompok ternak “Mandiri Sejahtera” dalam hal pengolahan jerami kedelai menjadi alternatif sumber pakan hijauan (hay) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pakan sapi perah.
PENANAMAN MANGROVE SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN ABRASI DI DESA PABEAN KECAMATAN DRINGU KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Tyas Yayuk I.W , Koeshardjono R. Hery , Yatiningrum Agung , Amani Tatik , Rahajeng Yekti , Putri Wahyu Musafikah , Wijaya Widya Febryanti , Nirbaya Nanda P.A , Hasanah Apriliatul 
Published: August 2023

Ekosistem hutan mangrove merupakan habitat penting bagi organisme kelautan dan sebagai penjaga pantai dari abrasi. Salah satu daerah yang mempunyai hutan mangrove dan cukup rentan dengan terjadinya abrasi adalah Desa Pabean - Dringu di Kabupaten Probolinggo. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masayarakat tentang pentingnya mangrove dalam mencegah terjadi abrasi, khusunya di Desa Pabean - Dringu. Kegiatan ini melibatkan warga Desa. Secara umum, kegiatan ini berjalan dengan lancar dan diikuti dengan antusias yang cukup tinggi oleh seluruh peserta. Metode dilakukan dengan cara penyuluhan dan penanaman.Diharapkan dengan adanya kegiatan ini, masyarakat Pabean Kecamatan Dringu dapat memahami dan mengambil manfaat besar yang dimiliki oleh mangrove serta mencegah Desa Pabean - Dringu dari abrasi.
Invasion of Endophytic Bacteria by Using Microencapsulation Technology as Stimulant in Cocoa Plants (Theobroma cacao L)
Authors: Prayoga Gusti Yanda , Warsito Kabul , Amrul Hanifah Mutia Z.N. 
Published: August 2023

Fertilization is an important process in the growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L). Fertilizing cocoa usually used inorganic fertilizers. Using of inorganic fertilizers continuously could degrading soil fertility. One of the efforts to replace inorganic fertilizers was using endophytic bacteria as biofertilizers. Some endophytic bacteria are abundant in healthy plant tissues. The aim of this research was to obtain endophytic auxin-producing bacteria in cocoa plants and determine the effect of seed immersion and microcapsules addition of endophytic bacteria on cocoa plant growth. The research design used was Complete Randomized Design (CRD), 16 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor was immersion of cocoa seed using endophytic bacteria suspension consisting of S0= 0 hours; S1= 5 hours; S2= 6 hours and S3= 7 hours and the second factor was microcapsules addition consisting of B0= 0 gr; B1= 5 gr; B2= 10 gr; B3= 15 gr. Isolation from the roots and stems of cocoa obtained 5 isolates endophyte bacteria. Auxin assays showed that five isolates were able to produce auxin. Observations on plant height showed the best treatment was treatment B1 (32.49 cm). Observation of total leaves showed S3 treatment was the highest data (11.83 strands). Observation rod diameter parameter, highest data was S3 treatment (4.01 mm). For leaf area parameter, highest value was B1 treatment (66.64 cm2). For wet weight parameter, highest data was S3 treatment (18.41 g). Root length parameter, highest data was B3 treatment (15.78 cm). Test results showed that the application of suspension and microcapsules of endophytic bacteria significantly increased growth of cocoa.
Caça: Subsídios para Gestão de Unidades de Conservação e Manejo de Espécies
Authors: Brasileira Biodiversidade 
Published: August 2023

Em 2018, os números 1 e 2 da revista tratam da questão da caça, buscando subsídios para a gestão de unidades de cosnervação e manejo de espécies, e o editorial publicado no segundo número contempla os artigos de ambos. Link: http://www.icmbio.gov.br/revistaeletronica/index.php/BioBR/article/view/1425
Identifying High-Risk Individuals for Suicide During Covid-19 Pandemic: Prevention and Intervention
Authors: Aslam Naeem , Malik Jamil A. , Khan Maryam 
Published: August 2023

Background. The mental health outcomes of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) might be hazardous and may evoke a tsunami of mental illness. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has profound psychological and social effects. It has been expected that the mental illnesses and suicide rates may rise not only due to the suffering of the pandemic itself but also to prolonged combat strategies, including lockdown and quarantine over a longer period. It is henceforth important to identify potential risk factors for developing risk prevention strategies with urgent consideration.Materials and Methods. A systematic review approach was employed to collect information regarding the high-risk individuals for suicide during a pandemic and subsequently present the prevention and intervention-focused strategies for managing the condition. The article published just after the pandemic outbreak including the time period: 2019 to 2020 available at PubMed, PsycINFO, and LISTA, was considered for the present study.Results. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with solitude, agony, anxiety, fear of infection, depression, insomnia, and economic complications. These conditions may subsequently lead to complex psychiatric complaints in vulnerable populations, including individuals with pre-existing psychiatric disorders, those having a history of suicide attempts, and those taking treatment for suicide risk.Conclusion. To decrease the risk of suicides during COVID-19, reducing people's stress, anxiety, and loneliness is important. Specialized training in the workforce on crisis management would have additional benefits. Governments shall devote adequate funding and resources to control the mental health consequences of the pandemic.
Comparison Between the Combination Therapy in Terms of Therapeutic Effectiveness and Anti-Microbial Efficacy in Extensive Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Infections
Authors: Parveen Naila , Sikander Rana Imran , Zeeshan Muhammad , Muneeb Ali Syed , Hassan Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Objective: To compare the clinical and antimicrobial efficacy of a triple-antibiotic regimen (Colistin, Cefoperazone/Sulbactam, and Tigecycline) with a double-antibiotic regimen (Colistin and Minocycline) for treating drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in critically ill patients.Study Design: A comparative cross-sectional study design.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Medical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan from April 2022 to October 2022.Materials and Methods: A total of 38 patients aged 18-70 years admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad gave consent to participate in the study. Any patient having a culture-proven polymicrobial infection was excluded. A total of 20 patients were allocated to Group A (triple-antibiotic regimen) and 18 patients to Group B (double-antibiotic regimen). Vital statistics were recorded daily, while laboratory-based biochemical markers (leucocyte count, CRP, lactate, procalcitonin) were recorded every 48 hours for ten days. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed by a culture analysis on the 10th day.Results: There were 20 patients in Group A and 18 in Group B. There were 32 patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), and six with bloodstream infection. No significant difference in the vitals and lab markers were found between the two groups. The only exception was serum lactate levels, which were significantly higher Group A (34.03 + 28.37 mg/dL), compared to Group B (16.11 + 15.63 mg/dL; p = 0.024). Group A therapy was also found to have significantly improved antimicrobial efficacy in terms of positive-culture results (n=4, 20%) compared to Group B (n=10, 55.6%; p = 0.023).Conclusion: The triple-antibiotic regimen had better antimicrobial efficacy than the double-antibiotic regimen for treating Acinetobacter baumannii-related infections.
Prevalence of Mediterranean Mutation of Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Children of Malak Din Khel Subtribe of Afridi
Authors: Amjid Mohammad , Farooq Nazish 
Published: August 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in the Malak Din Khel subtribe, the biggest subtribe of Afridi, with expectations of newer findings in the area of medicine and research.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in District Khyber from March 2018 to August 2018.Materials and Methods: The sample size of this study was 177 preschool-going children of 4-5 years of age. Multistage cluster sampling was done. Only resident families of Khyber Agency were selected. Children of age 04 to 05 years were enrolled in the study after consent from a parent/ guardian. Children with major comorbidities, non-consenting parents/ guardians, and children transfused in the last 24-48 hours were excluded from the study. 05 ml of blood was collected from each child. G6PD qualitative tests were performed in the field; rest of the tests were carried out later at Dabgari Garden “”in lab. PCR was processed according to protocol. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0.Results: A total sample size of 177 respondents were initially investigated through a qualitative test for G6PD deficiency. Among these, only 4 (2.3%) respondents were found to be G6PD deficient, The PCR analysis depicted that among 177 respondents, 31 (17.5%) were found to be mutant. Among these, 26(84%) were heterozygous, while 5 (16%) respondents were found to be homozygous. The PCR analysis further revealed that among the 5 homozygous respondents, 3 were found to be G6PD deficient, as also depicted by the qualitative test. One of the homozygous respondents, although found deficient by qualitative test, showed no Mediterranean mutation.Conclusion: Most studies done in Pakistan are hospital-based and the method for diagnosing is a qualitative test, but if the G6PD enzyme activity level is more than 30% qualitative test cannot pick the respondent as deficient. In our study, we ran qualitative tests on all respondents and only 4/177(2.3%), followed by PCR analysis for Mediterranean mutation of all samples, which showed that 31/177 (17.5%) were G6PD deficient. Further studies need to be conducted in the same manner to know the exact prevalence of G6PD. Detailed studies in other ethnic groups of the country must also be conducted to highlight the actual position of this threat.
Deviants violating higher-order auditory regularities can become predictive and facilitate behaviour
Authors: Coy Nina , Bendixen Alexandra , Grimm Sabine , Roeber Urte , Schröger Erich 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe human auditory system is believed to represent regularities inherent in auditory information in internal models. Sounds not matching the standard regularity (deviants) elicit prediction error, alerting the system to information not explainable within currently active models. Here, we examine the widely neglected characteristic of deviants bearing predictive information themselves. In a modified version of the oddball paradigm, using higher-order regularities, we set up different expectations regarding the sound following a deviant. Higher-order regularities were defined by the relation of pitch within tone pairs (rather than absolute pitch of individual tones). In a deviant detection task participants listened to oddball sequences including two deviant types following diametrically opposed rules: one occurred mostly in succession (high repetition probability) and the other mostly in isolation (low repetition probability). Participants in Experiment 1 were not informed (naïve), whereas in Experiment 2 they were made aware of the repetition rules. Response times significantly decreased from first to second deviant when repetition probability was high—albeit more in the presence of explicit rule knowledge. There was no evidence of a facilitation effect when repetition probability was low. Significantly more false alarms occurred in response to standards following high compared with low repetition probability deviants, but only in participants aware of the repetition rules. These findings provide evidence that not only deviants violating lower- but also higher-order regularities can inform predictions about auditory events. More generally, they confirm the utility of this new paradigm to gather further insights into the predictive properties of the human brain.