bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clemizole hydrochloride, a potent TRPC5 calcium channel inhibitor, prevents cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity in Spraque–Dawley rats
Authors: Kumaş‐Kulualp Meltem , Gepdiremen Akçahan , Karataş Ersin , Eşrefoğlu Mukaddes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCis‐diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin, Cis) is widely employed to treat several types of cancer. It has many important toxic side effects; one of the most important of which is nephrotoxicity. Clemizole hydrochloride (Clem) as the most potent inhibitor of TRPC5 channels was tested in an animal model of Cis‐induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were divided into the following groups: control; Cis (8 mg/kg); Cis + 1 mg/kg Clem; Cis + 5 mg/kg Clem; Cis + 10 mg/kg Clem. Kidney injury was detected by histopathological and biochemical analysis. Urine urea nitrogen (UUN), creatinine, urine neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), serum catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were studied using a colorimetric assay. Nephrin, synaptopodin, and Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1) expressions were detected by Western blot analysis. Cis was found to induce histopathological alterations, including tubular degeneration, congestion, hemorrhage, hyaline casts, glomerular collapse, and apoptotic cell death. Clem at a dose of 1 and 5 mg/kg attenuated histopathological alterations. UUN, creatinine, and NGAL levels increased in the Cis‐administered group, while all doses of Clem decreased in those. CAT and TAS levels decreased, while TOS and oxidative stress index levels increased in the Cis‐treated group. A dose of 1 and 5 mg Clem showed antioxidant effects against oxidative stress. Cis induced lipid peroxidation by increasing MDA levels. All doses of Clem reduced MDA levels. Nephrin and synaptopodin expressions were decreased by Cis, and all doses of Clem increased that. All doses of Clem successfully depressed RAC1 expression. Clem showed a highly ameliorating effect on toxicity caused by Cis by blocking TRPC5 calcium channels.
Genetic counseling for fetal sex prediction by NIPT: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Stevens Chelsea , Llorin Hannah , Gabriel Camila , Mandigo Chelsea , Gochyyev Perman , Studwell Courtney 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNon‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has grown in ubiquity in the last decade and is now endorsed by Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists as a screening tool for aneuploidy in all patients. Past studies have demonstrated a tendency among obstetrics patients to focus on the ability of NIPT to predict fetal sex chromosomes; however, data on the experiences of genetic counselors (GCs) counseling on NIPT and fetal sex prediction are limited. This mixed‐methods study aimed to explore how GCs counsel about NIPT and fetal sex prediction, as well as the use of gender‐inclusive language in this setting. A 36‐item survey with multiple choice, Likert scale, and open‐ended questions was distributed to GCs who currently offer NIPT to patients. Quantitative data were analyzed using R and qualitative data were manually analyzed and coded via inductive content analysis. A total of 147 individuals completed at least some portion of the survey. A majority of participants (68.5%) reported frequent interchangeable use of the terms ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ by patients. A majority (72.9%) of participants reported that they rarely or never discuss the difference between these terms in sessions (Spearman's rho = 0.17, p = 0.052). Seventy‐five respondents (59.5%) indicated that they had taken continuing education courses on inclusive clinical practices for trans and gender‐diverse (TGD) patients. Several themes arose from free responses; the most frequently identified themes were the need for thorough pretest counseling that properly describes the scope of NIPT and the challenge of discrepant pretest counseling by other healthcare providers. Results from our research identified challenges and misconceptions GCs face when offering NIPT and various tactics implemented to mitigate these. Our study highlighted the need for the standardization of pretest counseling regarding NIPT, additional guidance from professional organizations, and continuing education focused on gender‐inclusive language and clinical practices.
Association of CYP4A22 gene polymorphisms with cerebral stroke risk in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Zhuo Qingqing , Zhong Xiaoji , Wen Jiangling , Ding Yipeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCerebral stroke (stroke) is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high incidence and mortality. This study aimed to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP4A22 and stroke risk in the Chinese Han population.MethodsA total of 550 stroke patients and 545 healthy people were recruited. Four candidate SNPs (rs76011927 T/C, rs12564525 C/T, rs2056900 A/G and rs4926581 T/G) of CYP4A22 were screened. The association between CYP4A22 SNPs and stroke risk was assessed using genetic models and the relationship between SNPs and clinical biochemical indicators was analyzed by one‐way analysis of variance (one‐way ANOVA).ResultsThe overall analysis showed that rs12564525 could significantly reduce stroke risk only under the recessive model (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.53–0.99), but rs2056900 and rs4926581 were significantly associated with increased stroke risk under the homozygote (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.06–2.09; OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.06–2.10), heterozygote (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.11–2.00; OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.11–1.99), additive (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.03–1.45; OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.03–1.45) and dominant (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.13–1.97; OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.13–1.96) models (all p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses further indicated that rs2056900 and rs4926581 could significantly increase stroke risk in participants aged >63 years and females. In addition, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels differed considerably among different genotypes of rs12564525, rs2056900 and rs4926581.ConclusionsThis study revealed that CYP4A22 SNPs are associated with stroke risk in the Chinese Han population, and in particular, rs2056900 and rs4126581 have a significant correlation with increased stroke risk.
Systemic chemical characterization of Lemna minor by UHPLC‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap MS coupled with parallel reaction monitoring
Authors: Zhang Min , Li Qing , Yu Kaiquan , Li Jiaxin , Wu Jili , Li Shani , Chen Yuqi , Cai Wei , Ma Jieyao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLemna minor L. (LM) has been used for measles opacity, rubella itching, edema, and oliguria, and the main active ingredients were flavonoids, namely, apigenin, apigenin‐7‐O‐glucoside, and luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside. However, few systematic analyses of their constituents have been performed; thus, it was necessary to establish a fast and efficient method to identify the chemical composition of LM. In this study, the UHPLC‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with parallel reaction monitoring was established. Finally, a total of 112 constituents, including 30 dipeptides, 28 nucleosides, 11 amino acids, 10 organic acids, 10 flavonoids, and 23 other compounds, were identified by MS, diagnostic fragment ions, and retention time. One hundred one of those chemicals were first found in LM, which was very beneficial for the further development and utilization of nutriments and the medicinal use of LM.
Metagenomics characterization of respiratory viral RNA pathogens in children under five years with severe acute respiratory infection in the Free State, South Africa
Authors: Ogunbayo Ayodeji E. , Mogotsi Milton T. , Sondlane Hlengiwe , Sabiu Saheed , Nyaga Martin M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrompt detection of viral respiratory pathogens is crucial in managing respiratory infection including severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Metagenomics next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) and bioinformatics analyses remain reliable strategies for diagnostic and surveillance purposes. This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of mNGS using multiple analysis tools compared with multiplex real‐time PCR for the detection of viral respiratory pathogens in children under 5 years with SARI. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected in viral transport media from 84 children admitted with SARI as per the World Health Organization definition between December 2020 and August 2021 in the Free State Province, South Africa, were used in this study. The obtained specimens were subjected to mNGS using the Illumina MiSeq system, and bioinformatics analysis was performed using three web‐based analysis tools; Genome Detective, One Codex and Twist Respiratory Viral Research Panel. With average reads of 211323, mNGS detected viral pathogens in 82 (97.6%) of the 84 patients. Viral aetiologies were established in nine previously undetected/missed cases with an additional bacterial aetiology (Neisseria meningitidis) detected in one patient. Furthermore, mNGS enabled the much needed viral genotypic and subtype differentiation and provided significant information on bacterial co‐infection despite enrichment for RNA viruses. Sequences of nonhuman viruses, bacteriophages, and endogenous retrovirus K113 (constituting the respiratory virome) were also uncovered. Notably, mNGS had lower detectability rate for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (missing 18/32 cases). This study suggests that mNGS, combined with multiple/improved bioinformatics tools, is practically feasible for increased viral and bacterial pathogen detection in SARI, especially in cases where no aetiological agent could be identified by available traditional methods.
Comparison of the reactogenicity and immunogenicity between two‐dose mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine and inactivated COVID‐19 vaccine followed by an mRNA vaccine in children aged 5−11 years
Authors: Wanlapakorn Nasamon , Kanokudom Sitthichai , Phowatthanasathian Harit , Chansaenroj Jira , Suntronwong Nungruthai , Assawakosri Suvichada , Yorsaeng Ritthideach , Nilyanimit Pornjarim , Vichaiwattana Preeyaporn , Klinfueng Sirapa , Thongmee Thanunrat , Aeemjinda Ratchadawan , Khanarat Nongkanok , Srimuan Donchida , Thatsanatorn Thaksaporn , Chantima Warangkana , Pakchotanon Pattarakul , Duangchinda Thaneeya , Sudhinaraset Natthinee , Poovorawan Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo compare the reactogenicity and immunogenicity between the two‐dose mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine regimen and one or two doses of inactivated vaccine followed by an mRNA vaccine regimen in healthy children between 5 and 11 years of age, a prospective cohort study was performed at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital in Thailand between March to June 2022. Healthy children between 5 and 11 years of age were enrolled and received the two‐dose mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine (BNT162b2) regimen or the inactivated (CoronaVac) vaccine followed by the BNT162b2 vaccine regimen. In addition, healthy children who received two doses of BBIBP‐CorV between 1 and 3 months prior were enrolled to receive a heterologous BNT162b2 as a third dose (booster). Reactogenicity was assessed by a self‐reported online questionnaire. Immunogenicity analysis was performed to determine binding antibodies to wild‐type SARS‐CoV‐2. Neutralizing antibodies to Omicron variants (BA.2 and BA.5) were tested using the focus reduction neutralization test. Overall, 166 eligible children were enrolled. Local and systemic adverse events which occurred within 7 days after vaccination were mild to moderate and well‐tolerated. The two‐dose BNT162b2, CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2, and two‐dose BBIBP‐CorV followed by BNT162b2 groups elicited similar levels of anti‐receptor‐binding domain (RBD) IgG. However, the two‐dose BNT162b2 and two‐dose BBIBP‐CorV followed by BNT162b2 groups elicited higher neutralizing activities against the Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 variant than the CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2 group. The CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2 group elicited low neutralizing activities against the Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 variant. A third dose (booster) mRNA vaccine should be prioritized for this group.
An unprecedented control of 3‐phase grid tied solar photovoltaic‐hydrogen/bromine‐supercapacitor composite storage microgrid for pulse power load regulation under nonideal grid conditions
Authors: Behera Manoja Kumar , Saikia Lalit Chandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) power penetration into the distribution grid has increased. PV power fluctuations, abrupt load changes, nonlinear loading, growing usage of portable electronic devices, electric cars low average power and comparatively high pulse power needs, and other factors translate into severe grid instability. As a result, in these circumstances, power exchange between PV and the utility grid becomes a difficult task. Therefore, this article proposes a hydrogen/bromine (H2/Br2) redox flow battery and supercapacitor composite energy storage for a three phase grid tied PV system with multifunctional active power filter support to ensure grid codes. Further, the system is equipped with an unprecedented control technique that encompasses: an adaptive frequency tuned complex coefficient filter‐phase locked loop that provides grid frequency and phase angle information under adverse grid conditions, a modified sparrow search algorithm tuned tilt integral derivative with filter plus double integral controllers are employed to regulate the control errors under various system dynamic and disturbance conditions, fractional order incremental conductance maximum power point tracking is incorporated to efficiently track the PV peak power irrespective of atmospheric variations, a holistic fast‐acting power based energy management control employed for efficient regulation of load power and smooth out the PV power variation, and PV feedforward control dynamics to enhances system dynamics by reducing oscillations under various atmospheric conditions. The aim is to attain a smooth power transition with the grid at the unit power factor under normal and nonideal grid conditions. With reactive power injection, the control also maintains the voltage profile. During all these operations, no trade‐off occurs with the system power quality. Matlab simulations and the real time simulation test bench results under unfavorable grid circumstances demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and system harmonics are well within bounds in all the scenarios undertaken.
Validation of Raman spectroscopy as a tool for mapping transport parameters in inhomogeneous N‐doped 4H‐SiC
Authors: Hergert Hannes , Elm Matthias T. , Klar Peter J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe assess Raman spectroscopy as a tool for fast and non‐invasive mapping of charge carrier density and carrier mobility in inhomogeneously doped 4H‐SiC. For this purpose, we compare values of these transport parameters obtained by magneto‐transport and Raman measurements of N‐doped 4H‐SiC. The comparison is not straightforward. The effective charge density and mobility, which are obtained from resistivity and Hall measurements by employing the commonly used effective one‐band model, deviate from the values extracted by applying the established line‐shape models for describing the longitudinal optical phonon coupled (LOPC) modes in the Raman spectra. Differentiating between free and localized carriers in the framework of a three‐band transport model confirms that only the free charge carriers in the conduction band of N‐doped 4H‐SiC contribute to the LOPC Raman signal and their density agrees well with that obtained by the line shape analysis. The agreement of the mobility values is good keeping in mind that different frequencies of the applied electric fields are used in the two approaches, i.e., dc‐transport measurements at 0 Hz and ac‐fields of the exciting laser at about 500 THz. Moreover, the excitation of electrons into the conduction band by the laser, which is inherent to the Raman experiment, causes differences in the temperature dependence of the carrier density compared with the electrical transport data.
Effects of cereal grain cell wall composition and structure on starch digestion
Authors: Xie Hui , Ying Ruifeng , Tang Zhenxing , Wu Caie , Huang Meigui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDWheat is an important food crop, and its characteristics vary depending on the region of cultivation; different environments have varying effects on the composition of the grains. We previously reported the effects of environmental factors on wheat grain cell wall composition and structure. The variations in the structure of aleurone cell walls between different wheat samples were examined to determine the effects of aleurone cell walls on grain starch digestion properties. Ten different varieties of wheat grains with different aleurone cell wall structure and composition constituted a simple research system used to investigate their effect on the starch digestion of bread.RESULTSThe aleurone cell wall thickness ranged from 3.05 μm to 4.67 μm, and the arabinose to xylose ratio of water‐extractable arabinoxylan was in the range 0.79–0.97. With the increase in arabinoxylans content or cell wall thickness, the total digestibility of starch within the bread decreased; this phenomenon may be related to the changes in the interaction between polysaccharides and starch granules in this process.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study showed that the wheat cell wall structure has a great impact on starch hydrolysis, indicating that the change in the digestibility of starch in flour and bread may be a result of changes in the cell wall structure leading to different combinations, thus affecting digestibility. The present study showed that the cell wall combines the starch granules during the bread‐making process; thus, the diffusion of enzymes through the cell wall was hindered. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Treatment of canister corrosion in Posiva's safety case for the operating licence application
Authors: Koho Petri , King Fraser , Prihti Tomi , Salonen Timo , Koskinen Lasse , Pastina Barbara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPosiva Oy have submitted an operating licence application to the Finnish government which, if approved, would permit the disposal of spent fuel in a deep geological repository at Olkiluoto. The license application is based on 40 years of site investigations, design and development work by Finnish, Swedish, and international experts. The canister is a key component of the overall multi‐barrier system and the treatment of the long‐term corrosion performance in the safety case is described in this paper. The importance of relating laboratory observations to the expected environmental conditions in the repository is highlighted, as is the use of complementary models to build confidence in long‐term predictions. Canister lifetime prediction is based on a combination of corrosion allowances for processes that will occur to a limited extent and mass‐transport calculations for the long‐term corrosion by sulphide. Examples of canister lifetime predictions for various scenarios and climate lines of evolution are given.
Electrochemical investigation of ceria nanoparticles as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in alkaline medium
Authors: Bourenane Nadjette , Hamlaoui Youcef , Pedraza Fernando 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work investigates the synthesis and the corrosion inhibitor efficiency ceria nanoparticles may exert on steel reinforcement in an alkaline solution of saturated Ca(OH)2 + 0.5 M CaCl2 up to 50°C. The corrosion mechanisms are thoroughly investigated by electrochemical and various characterization techniques. The electrochemical results show that ceria nanoparticles act as an anodic inhibitor and provide maximum inhibition efficiency (80%) at a concentration of 800 ppm. The resulting surface is smooth and free from corrosion products due to the formation of a physically adsorbed film according to the thermodynamic calculations.
Polyether Synthesis through Reductive Etherification Reaction Strategy
Authors: Luleburgaz Serter , Tunca Umit , Durmaz Hakan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe reductive etherification reaction (RER) of carbonyl groups (aldehydes or ketones) through silane as a reducing agent together with Bronsted or Lewis acid affords the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers. This strategy is applied at the macromolecular level for the first time in 1993, and isophthalaldehyde is self‐polymerized in the presence of triethylsilane (Et3SiH)/ tritylperchlorate (TrClO4) to yield polyethers with low to moderate molecular weights. Next, the polyethers with alternating structures are achieved by reacting isophthalaldehyde with bis(trimethylsilyl) ethers or diols as comonomers using reducing agent silane and Lewis acid. Moreover, in recent years, it is shown that polyether synthesis and post‐polymerization modification (PPM) of polymers proceeds smoothly and effectively with the RER strategy in the presence of chlorodimethylsilane (CDMS), which acts as both a reducing agent and a Lewis acid.
Responses of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 to lindane: Physiological effects and differential expression of potential lin genes
Authors: Guío Jorge , Fillat Maria F. , Peleato Maria L. , Sevilla Emma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLindane (γ‐HCH) is an organochlorine pesticide that causes huge environmental concerns worldwide due to its recalcitrance and toxicity. The use of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 in aquatic lindane bioremediation has been suggested but information relative to this process is scarce. In the present work, data relative to the growth, pigment composition, photosynthetic/respiration rate, and oxidative stress response of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 in the presence of lindane at its solubility limit in water are shown. In addition, lindane degradation experiments revealed almost a total disappearance of lindane in the supernatants of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 culture after 6 days of incubation. The diminishing in lindane concentration was in concordance with an increase in the levels of trichlorobenzene inside the cells. Furthermore, to identify potential orthologs of the linA, linB, linC, linD, linE, and linR genes from Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, a whole genome screening was performed allowing the identification of five putative lin orthologs (all1353 and all0193 putative orthologs of linB, all3836 putative orthologs of linC, and all0352 and alr0353 putative orthologs of linE and linR, respectively) which could be involved in the lindane degradation pathway. Differential expression analysis of these genes in the presence of lindane revealed strong upregulation of one of the potential lin genes of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120.