bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D Status among the Population Visiting Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Bhutan
Authors: Dhakal Guru P. , Sharma Krishna P. , Bajgai Gyan P. , Sharma Tulsi R. , Bajgai Tika M. , Tenzin Jigme , Dhakal Baehat , Chhetri Vishal , Pokhrel Hari P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To study the vitamin D status among the Bhutanese population visiting the Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital in Thimphu, Bhutan.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective descriptive study involving the extraction of data from a hospital database. Records of Bhutanese patients who had taken vitamin D tests in the last two years (2020–2021) were included in the study.

Result:
A total of 1175 individuals took the vitamin D test during the study period, and the age ranged between 1 day and 94 years. Over 60% of the participants were females. The study found that over 83% of our study population had serum vitamin D levels lower than the normal range/deficient. Around 18% of the participants had severe deficiency.

Conclusion:
The study found that most participants, including children, had vitamin D deficiency, and the finding was homogenous across gender and age groups. Further studies are required to validate these findings and identify the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in the population for targeted public health interventions.
Clinical and Hormonal Profile of Classical 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Experience from a Tertiary Centre In India
Authors: Boyareddy Harshitha , Kalra Pramila , Dharmalingam Mala 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder requiring treatment with steroids. Both over and under-treatment can have an impact on growth outcomes.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to study the clinical and hormonal profile of a cohort of individuals with classical 21-hydroxylase CAH and to assess the factors influencing growth outcomes in these individuals.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, individuals with classical CAH were included. Baseline data were obtained from electronic medical records. Anthropometric measurements and hormonal profiles were assessed. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and qualitative variables as percentages. To measure the correlation between variables, Spearman’s rank correlation was used.

Results:
Of the 27 patients with classical 21-hydroxylase CAH, 13 had salt wasting and 14 had simple virilizing phenotype. The median height standard deviation score (SDS) of the cohort was -1 SDS (-2.00 to 0.2) with 24% having short stature (height < -2 SDS). There was no significant difference in height SDS depending on the age, gender, type of CAH or onset of central precocious puberty. There was no significant correlation between glucocorticoid dose and height SDS (r = 0.104). Obesity was a common finding (40% adults, 41.1% children). However, there was no significant correlation between BMI and glucocorticoid dose (r = 0.419).

Conclusions:
Short stature was a significant finding as noted in earlier studies. However, the high prevalence of obesity was a new finding that could not be explained by the dose of steroids alone.
Urinary heme oxygenase-1 as a possible marker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy
Authors: Aboeleil Hesham A. , Hebah Hayam A. , Magdi Aya M. , Ahmed Fatma A. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Early detection of DN helps in primary prevention of this complication. Microalbuminuria has been proven as a useful biomarker for diagnosis of DN. Heme oxygenase-1 is an essential enzyme in heme catabolism induced by oxidative stress. It plays a pivotal role in maintaining renal function and protecting renal structure under conditions of oxidative stress such as proteinuria. Urinary heme oxygenase-1 may appear early before the development of microalbuminuria, so it can be used as a marker for early detection of DN.

Patients and methods
A total of 80 type 2 diabetic patients with and without DN were compared with 20 healthy control subjects matched in age and sex. They were divided into two groups: group I included 40 normoalbuminuric patients with albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) less than 30 mg/g, and group II included 40 microalbuminuric patients with ACR 30–300 mg/g. For all studied groups, full history and clinical examination were done. Glycosylated hemoglobin, urinary ACR (mg/g), estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary creatinine, and urine hemoxygnase-1 (UHO-1) and UHO-1/creat ratio by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed.

Results
Microalbuminuric patients had significantly higher levels of UHO-1 (5.02) compared with normoalbuminuric patients (3.01) and controls (0.3), with P less than 0.001, and normoalbuminuric patients had significantly higher levels of UHO-1 compared with control subjects, with P less than 0.001. UHO-1/Cr levels were significantly positively correlated with urinary ACR but significantly negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressures (P<0.001). By linear regression, there was a highly significant correlation between HO1and estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Conclusion
HO-1 was increased in patients with proteinuria and increased before the onset of microalbuminuria, indicating UHO-1 is more sensitive than albumin for the detection of early DN with no relation to diabetic retinopathy.
Expression profile of HLA-DRB1, RFX5, and CIITA promoters in chronic kidney disease patients from South India
Authors: Sevak Vandit , Chinniah Rathika , Pandi Sasiharan , Venkatesan Radha , Krishnaswamy Sampath Kumar , Thadakanathan Dhinakaran , Karuppiah Balakrishnan 
Published: July 2023

Background
The present study elucidated HLA-DRB1 allele frequency, the gene expression profile of HLA-DRB1, CIITA promoters PI, PIV, and RFX5 and their association in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Patients and methods
In all, 133 CKD patients and 144 healthy controls were enrolled, and qRT-PCR based expression analysis of HLA-DRB1, CIITA-PI, PIV, and RFX5 promoters was carried out. The typing of HLA-DRB1* alleles was performed by the PCR-SSP method. The immune cell profiling was performed by flow cytometry.

Results
Out of the 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles genotyped, increased frequencies for DRB1*07 [odds ratio (OR)=2.103] and DRB1*12 (OR=2.50) and decreased frequency for DRB1*10 (OR=0.455) in CKD patients were observed. HLA-DRB1 expression was significantly upregulated in pooled-CKD (Fc: 1.49 ± 0.21; P<0.0001), DRB1*07 (Fc: 3.10 ± 0.70; P<0.057), and DRB1*12 (Fc: 3.62 ± 0.74; P<0.0001) positive CKD patients. Significantly higher levels of expressions were observed for CIITA-PI (Fc: 2.35 ± 0.23; P<0.0005) and PIV (Fc: 1.76 ± 0.23; P<0.0009) in pooled-CKD patients. With HLA-DRB1 alleles, a higher level of expressions of CIITA-PIV was observed in patients with DRB1*12 (Fc: 1.45 ± 0.38; P<0.007). Interestingly, a significantly downregulated expression was observed for CIITA-PIV in patients heterozygous for DRB1*12 (2.15 ± 0.24 vs. 0.16 ± 0.82; P<0.017). An upregulated RFX5 expression was observed for pooled-CKD (Fc: 1.37 ± 0.17; P<0.0001) and DRB1*12 (1.40 ± 0.34; P<0.045) positive patients. Immunophenotyping analysis showed an increased CD3+ and decreased CD19+, CD4+,and CD8+ cell populations in CKD patients compared with controls.

Conclusion
The study confirmed the increased expression of CIITA-PI, PIV promoters, and RFX5 that in turn led to the upregulation of the DRB1 gene resulting in CKD. Thus, the study concluded the positive association of HLA-DRB1*07 and DRB1*12 alleles, with a differential expression of DRB1 genes as a consequence of upregulation of respective promoters in CKD pathogenesis in South India.
Miniaturized meander‐line dual‐band implantable antenna for biotelemetry applications
Authors: Kangeyan Rajagopal , Karthikeyan Madurakavi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA dual‐band bio‐implantable compact antenna with a meander‐line structure is presented. The proposed meander‐line antenna resonates at the industrial, scientific, and medical (2.4 GHz) and wireless medical telemetry (1.4 GHz) bands. The meander‐line structure is selected as a radiating patch given its versatile and effective design. With a dimension of only
, the designed antenna is compact. Considering a skin phantom, the proposed antenna was designed, optimized, and simulated. The Rogers RT/duroid 6010 substrate material with high dielectric constant was used to fabricate the meander‐line dual‐band implantable antenna, which was validated experimentally. The superstrate was made of the same material. Experiments were conducted on skin‐mimicking gel. The designed meander‐line antenna has a high peak gain of −21 dBi at 2.4 GHz, and its maximum specific absorption rate is compliant with IEEE safety standards.
Leptospirosis Risk among Occupational Groups in Brazil, 2010–2015
Authors: Galan Deise I. , Schneider Maria Cristina , Roess Amira A. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT.
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that is primarily transmitted through close contact with contaminated environments or infected animals. Brazil has the highest number of reported cases of leptospirosis in the Americas (approximately 4,000 annual cases). The purpose of this study is to identify the occupational groups with a higher risk of leptospirosis in Brazil from 2010 through 2015 among suspected cases reported to the national surveillance system. Confirmed and unconfirmed cases of leptospirosis with laboratory diagnosis, 20,193 and 59,034 respectively, were classified into 12 occupational groups. Confirmed cases were predominantly male (79.4%), between 25 and 59 years of age (68.3%), white (53.4%), illiterate or with incomplete primary education (51.1%), and participating in agricultural work (19.9%). After controlling for age, sex, race, and area of residency, the multivariate analysis identified that between confirmed and unconfirmed cases of leptospirosis reported to the Brazilian national surveillance system, five occupational groups are at higher risk for leptospirosis: garbage and recycling collectors (odds ratio [OR] = 4.10; 95% CI = 3.36–4.99); agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.49–1.84); prisoners (OR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.04–2.35); building workers (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.22–1.51); cleaners and mining workers (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.07–1.45). This is the first nationwide study to examine leptospirosis risk by occupational group in Brazil using national surveillance data. Our results suggest that among suspected cases there was an increased risk among occupational groups with low income and low educational levels.
SEGMENTASI CITRA PENYAKIT DAUN BAWANG MERAH MENGGUNAKAN K-MEANS DAN OTSU
Authors: Muhibbul Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Objektif. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi hasil pengamatan dan pengalaman peneliti, bahwa penyakit daun merupakan salah satu faktor yang menurunkan kualitas daun bawang merah. Kemajuan teknologi informasi di bidang pengolahan citra digital telah memungkinkan untuk identifikasi pada daun bawang secara otomatis.
Material and Metode. Tulisan ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka yang dilakukan dengan mengacu pada berbagai sumber literatur yang diperoleh dari Science Direct dan Google Scholar. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci yang relevan, seperti citra, digital, segmentasi, inovasi, dan multimedia. Setelah melalui proses skrining berdasarkan judul, abstrak, dan isi teks secara keseluruhan, ditemukan sejumlah 9 jurnal yang relevan dengan topik yang diteliti.
Hasil. Metode K-Means dan Otsu terbukti efektif dalam segmentasi citra digital daun bawang merah. Evaluasi menggunakan MSE dan PSNR dengan metode Otsu menghasilkan hasil di atas rata-rata, menunjukkan tingkat akurasi segmentasi yang baik.
Kesimpulan. Terdapat potensi untuk mengembangkan sistem ini dalam platform berbasis lain yang sesuai dengan perkembangan teknologi terkini.
A Proposed Conceptualization of a Training Program for Secondary School Social Studies Teachers in Light of the Degree of Use and Challenges to Employ Some Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Authors: Al-Qahtani Amal Saeed Ali Qana 
Published: July 2023

The study aimed at identifying the use degree of secondary school social studies teachers for some applications of Artificial Intelligence in three axes (planning, implementation and evaluation) of the lesson, and the challenges faced by the teachers of social studies when employing the applications of artificial intelligence in education. The sample of the study included (130) high school social studies teachers. The study was applied in the second semester of the academic year 1441 AH. The study restricted to a random sample of high school social studies teachers in the city of Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. The study tool included a questionnaire divided into four axes to answer the questions of the research. The study depended on the descriptive methodology. The study found that the use degree of high school social studies teachers for some applications of Artificial Intelligence was low; and that there are a set of challenges that obstruct their use of the applications. In light of that, a proposed conceptualization for a training program for the teachers of social studies was developed to train them on the applications of Artificial Intelligence.
ANALISIS PENERIMAAN DAN PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA BADAN PENGELOLAAN PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH (BPPRD) UPT PPD MEDAN UTARA
Authors: Suganda Suganda , Nurhayati Nurhayati 
Published: July 2023

Taxes are one of the government's greatest sources of revenue. The covid-19 pandemic was an infectious disease that spread evenly and simultaneously around the world at the end of 2019. The tax consists of two types: central and regional taxes. The tax on motorized vehicles is a tax on the ownership of ones that are included in the county tax. The research method in this study is mixed research with a descriptive approach. Research shows that at the time of the covid-19 pandemic, more direct than online, the covid-19 pandemic effect on the tax realized motor vehicles did not significantly affect the north pppp-field's tax office and the realization of the CKB is still said to be effective and contribute well, And the effort done is done more than optimal by performing some programs such as the relaxing payment program and the self-knocking program (PMKP).
Synthesis of Suboptimal Guidance Law for Anti-Tank Guided Missile with Terminal Impact Angle Constraint Based on the SDRE Technique
Authors: Tran Van Hai , Nguyen Ngoc Dien , Vo Van Bien , Pham Trung Dung , Nguyen Thanh Tung 
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the homing-phase guidance law is proposed against a stationary target in the planar engagement scenario. In this problem, two technical criteria that the guidance law must achieve are: first, zero terminal miss distance, and second, satisfying the desired impact angle constraint at the final time. This guidance law is synthesized as a nonlinear optimal control problem with an infinite-time horizon and is solved using the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) method. To obtain a guidance law with a finite-time horizon, a state weighting matrix based on the time-to-go is utilized in the SDRE control scheme. The synthesized guidance law is applied to a new generation anti-tank guided missile class, with specific thrust and drag parameters. Nonlinear simulations are conducted to demonstrate the fundamental properties, applicability, and effectiveness of the proposed guidance law.

Received: 22 May 2023 | Revised: 7 June 2023 | Accepted: 1 July 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that supports the findings of this study are openly available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2009.02.009 and https://doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV7IS090051.

Author Contribution Statement
Hai Tran Van: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Project administration; Dien Nguyen Ngoc: Software, Formal analysis, Investigation; Bien Vo Van: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision; Dung Pham Trung: Software, Formal analysis, Investigation; Tung Nguyen Thanh: Software, Formal analysis, Investigation.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL PRIMIGRAVIDA DAN MULTIGRAVIDA TRIMESTER III DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN
Authors: Puspitasari Desi , Margiyati Margiyati , Darmawati Desi 
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Kecemasan merupakan suatu kondisi normal yang bisa terjadi dalam berbagai kondisi seperti pertumbuhan, perubahan ataupun pengalaman baru. Dampak kecemasan jika tidak segera ditangani bisa menyebabkan terlambatnya masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin sehingga bisa terjadi Bayi Berat Badan Rendah (BBLR), kelahiran bayi sebelum waktunya (prematur), saat persalinan nanti bisa mengakibatkan rasa nyeri atau sakit yang berlebihan dan durasi persalinan lebih lama. Terutama pada kehamilan pertama karena pengalaman baru, sedangkan ibu yang pernah hamil sebelumnya bisa juga karena pengalaman masa lalu yang pernah dialaminya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida trimester III dalam menghadapi persalinan di Puskesmas Srandakan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 38 ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariate. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil primigravida mengalami kecemasan ringan sebanyak 12 responden (63,2 %), kecemasan sedang sebanyak 4 responden (21,1 %), dan tidak cemas sebanyak 3 responden (15,8%). Sedangkan ibu hamil multigravida mengalami kecememasan ringan sebanyak 11 responden (57,9 %), kecemasan sedang sebanyak 4 responden (21,1 %), dan tidak cemas sebanyak 3 responden (21,1 %). Kesimpulan: Kecemasan ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor antara lain umur ibu, usia kehamilan, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan paritas.
FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA SINDROM OVARIUM POLIKISTIK (SOPK)
Authors: Risdiyaningsih Vanda , Kurniawati Erna Yovi , Darmawati Desi 
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Sindrom Ovarium Polikistik (SOPK) adalah kelainan endokrin yang dapat mempengaruhi 5-10 % wanita akibat produksi andogren yang berlebihan oleh ovarium. Mengingat perlunya mendalami factor resiko terhadap kejadian SOPK sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap komplikasi yang akan datang serta mengedukasi diri tentang perubahan gaya hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor resiko SOPK remaja SMA N 1 Pundong . Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriftif dengan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode cross sectional dan data responden dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner g-form terhadap remaja putri di SMA N 1 Pundong dengan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor resiko terjadinya (SOPK) pada remaja putri di SMA N 1 Pundong yaitu 15 remaja puti obesitas (14,3 %), dua remaja putri (1,9%) dengan gangguan menstruasi amenorea, 10 remaja putri (9,5%) dengan gangguan menstruasi oligomenorea, dan 4 remaja putri (3,8%) dengan gangguan menstruasi polymenorea, 85 remaja putri (81.0%) mengalami stress ringan, 2 remaja putri (1,9%) mengalami stress sedang, remaja putri yang ada Riwayat diabetes melitus (DM) Pada keluarga sebanyak 13 remaja putri (12,4%), remaja putri yang ada Riwayat infertilitas pada keluarga ada sebanyak 4 remaja putri (3,8 %), dan remaja putri yang tidak melakukan aktifitas fisik berolahraga sebanyak 36 remaja putri (34,4%). Kesimpulan: Faktor resiko terjadinya SOPK pada remaja putri di SMA N 1 Pundong paling banyak dialami adalah yang mengalami stress ringan yaitu sebanyak 85 remaja putri (81.0%).
SKRINING POLA HIDUP TERHADAP RISIKO TERJADINYA SINDROM OVARIUM POLIKISTIK (SOPK) PADA REMAJA
Authors: Noviasari Elin , Kurniawati Erna Yovi , Putri Silvia Rizki Syah 
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Sindrom Ovarium Polikistik (SOPK) merupakan penyakit endokrin yang sering terjadi pada wanita reproduktif termasuk kesehatan reproduksi, psikologis, jantung dan kesehatan metabolisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pola hidup remaja di Yogyakarta dan untuk mengetahui determinan kejadian SOPK pada remaja di Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, dan data responden dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner g-form terhadap remaja yang berada di Yogyakarta dengan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari 100 responden yang mengalami SOPK sebanyak 1 responden (1.0%) mengalami SOPK, sebanyak 11 resonden (11.0%) dengan suspek SOPK, dan mayoritas responden tidak terjadi SOPK sebanyak 88 responden (88.0%). Pada remaja berusia 20-24 tahun memiliki pola hidup sering makan junk food, makan berlemak, jarang berolahraga, sering begadang. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola hidup sering makan junk food, makan berlemak, jarang berolahraga, sering begadang, dan riwayat penyakit infertilitas pada orang tua responden, dapat menjadikan remaja positif dan suspek SOPK.
DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PERILAKU DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS METODE INSPEKSI VISUAL ASAM ASETAT (IVA)
Authors: Via Maulinda Amanda , Fauzia Raina Lola , Annisaa Salwa 
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Kanker leher rahim (kanker serviks) masih menjadi salah satu kanker paling umum ke-empat setelah kanker payudara, kolorektal, dan paru-paru di kalangan wanita. Pemerintah telah mengembangkan progam deteksi dini sebagai upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian kanker serviks. Jumlah deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA di Indonesia sangat rendah terutama di Kelurahan Sendangmulyo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku deteksi dini kanker serviks metode Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA) di Kelurahan Sendangmulyo. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode observasional analitik dan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini 93 orang dengan tekhnik proportionate stratified random sampling dan analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-Square. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan 61,3% responden tidak pernah melakukan deteksi dini IVA, 66,7% mendapat dukungan keluarga dalam melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks. Hasil analisis uji statistik didapatkan (p value0,042). Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku deteksi dini IVA di Kelurahan Sendangmulyo.
Por uma pedagogia do acolhimento
Authors: Guedes Edson Carvalho 
Published: July 2023

A presente reflexão é uma tentativa de indicar alguns referenciais teóricos que possam servir para a construção de uma pedagogia do acolhimento. Sabemos bem que a educação acontece com vista a um fim: a humanização contínua do humano. Mas que humano? O ponto de partida é a crítica apresentada pelo filósofo Emmanuel Lévinas às filosofias totalizantes. Acreditamos que, apesar do profundo respeito à raízes filosóficas gregas e europeias, Lévinas ousou pensar um humanismo a partir de outra fonte ou racionalidade, mais especificamente, a sabedoria judaica e talmúdica. Nossa intenção é nos concentrar num tipo de humanismo, denominado por Lévinas, de “humanismo do outro homem” e forjar uma pedagogia que chamamos de pedagogia do acolhimento, com vistas à formação do humano disposto a transcender a si mesmo com atitudes e ações de responsabilidade com o outro. Acreditamos que filosofia da alteridade proposta por Lévinas pode trazer para o saber pedagógico uma teoria sobre o cuidado do outrem, numa perspectiva de acolhimento e compromisso.