bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complementary Review of the Literature on Attrition and Retention Patterns of Special Education Teachers of Color: What We Know and How We Move Forward
Authors: SCOTT LARON A. , POWELL CHRISTINE , OYEFUGA EMIOLA , CORMIER CHRISTOPHER J. , PADHYE IRA 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The attrition and retention of special education teachers of color (SETOC) is a concern for school district leaders who are seeking racially and ethnically minoritized teachers to work with students of color with disabilities. We reviewed 47 articles from 2002 to 2020 regarding factors related to the attrition and retention of special education teachers (SET) to better understand the racial characteristics of the participants in the studies and to compare and contrast whether SETOC provide reasons for why they stay or leave that vary from reasons provided by their White colleagues. We found that researchers examining SETs have mostly ignored race and ethnicity when analyzing factors in the attrition and retention of SETs. Although empirical research on the topic is scarce, the articles that were analyzed in this review that also included an analysis of the experiences of SETOC often was framed using a racial lens in understanding factors that may cause them to stay in or leave the profession. We conclude with a discussion of major takeaways from the literature and recommendations for promoting a more robust research agenda on this topic for future considerations.
Fostering Joy in Reading: Implementing Culturally and Historically Responsive Book Clubs with Black Girls with Disabilities
Authors: WHITNEY ERIN HOPE 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Educational research shows the value of culturally responsive pedagogies; however, special education research typically centers reading interventions that focus primarily on foundational skills. These sorts of programs rarely take learner identities into account in their design, and provide little opportunity for readers to make connections to their own lives or events in their communities and worlds. A culturally and historically responsive literacy (HRL) framework recommends teaching toward the pursuits of identity, skills, intellect, and criticality. This article uses analytic autoethnography and qualitative data to examine the ways that a group of Black girls identified as having disabilities engaged in a book club reading Jacqueline Woodson’s Brown Girl Dreaming. Findings show that students engaged in joyful and engaged discussions about their cultural identities and historical events while simultaneously developing literacy skills and knowledge. Suggestions are made for implementing culturally and historically responsive book clubs in a resource room or small group setting as an alternative to traditional reading intervention programs.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI GEMPA MENGGUNAKAN RASPBERRY PI BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Ulil Albab  , Rony Darpono  , Fahreza Moch Revikansyah  
Published: March 2023

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters that can occur without being used. Earthquakes originate from vibrations in the bowels of the earth that travel to the surface caused by fractures in the earth breaking and shifting violently. To prevent material and inmaterial losses, this research can be carried out by utilizing hardware technology in the form of Raspberry PI and Piezoelectric Sensors. Raspberry PI is a small single-board computer (SBC) used for electronics projects. Raspberry PI has 40 pins divided into two modes, namely BCM and BOARD. For making a Piezoelectric Sensor value reading program using the Python Programming Language. The results of reading the output of the Piezoelectric Sensor integrated with the Raspberry PI are in the form of a voltage value. The output of the voltage is sent to the Website Page in real time. The collection of output data can then be analyzed if there are indications of an earthquake.
The trial form was carried out by dropping the weight of objects weighing 2 and 3 Kilograms with the drop points being 25 cm, 50 cm and 95 cm. The experiment was carried out 3 times based on weight and falling point. From the test results, the value of vibration on the piezoelectric sensor was obtained with the lowest value of 107787 and the highest 568785063. For the criteria for an earthquake or not, it is divided into 2 categories, namely weak or strong. If the vibration value is more than 880000 it is interpreted as a strong category otherwise if it is less than 880000 it is categorized as weak. The sensor reading results are then stored in the database and displayed on the Website Page.
Arkeologi langs Hålogalandsvegen
Authors: Bruun Inga Malene 
Published: March 2023

«Arkeologi langs Hålogalandsvegen» er det største arkeologiske prosjektet noensinne i Nord-Norge. I løpet av tre feltsesonger skal alle kulturminnene som vil bli berørt av den planlagte Hålogalandsvegen undersøkes. Statens Vegvesen er tiltakshaver.
Sommeren 2022 var tredje og siste feltsesong, og 9 av i alt 33 lokaliteter ble undersøkt. Majoriteten av lokalitetene var fra steinbrukende tid. Litt nord om Tjeldsundbrua, lå våre to nordligste lokaliteter: Fauskevåg 1 og Fauskevåg 2. Begge er mesolittiske, de ligger like ved hverandre, og har et ganske ensartet uttrykk. Begge ligger på fine sandflater, men har ingen synlige strukturer. En del funn ble det gjort begge steder, men kanskje mindre enn forventet. Litt lenger sør finner man Årbogen 2. Denne lokaliteten ble oppdaget under undersøkelsen av den nærliggende Årbogen 1, og Statens Vegvesen stilte med midler for at også denne kunne undersøkes. Årbogen 2 er en mesolittisk lokalitet, der uthenting av kvartsitt synes å ha vært det sentrale. I Lødingen kommune ligger årets siste mesolittiske lokalitet; Strand 1. Her ble det ikke påvist noen strukturer, og det var lite funn. Antagelig har stedet vært brukt for et kort stopp. Ikke langt unna ligger Båtvikmyra. Her var det to tufter, antagelig fra yngre steinalder. Materialet var begrenset, men til gjengjeld var gjenstandene forseggjorte skiferredskaper. Den største lokaliteten 2022 var Djupfest 1, fra yngre steinalder. Her var det flere tufter med tydelige konstruksjonsdetaljer, aktivitetsområder og mange flotte funn. Det var et høyt antall skiferkniver, noen skiferspisser og en hel del fiskesøkker. Stedet må ha hatt en sterk marin tilknytning. På Storhaugen var det også flere tufter, med en enda tydeligere høydemessig fordeling. Disse er også fra yngre steinalder, men med et begrenset funnmateriale. De to yngste lokalitetene var Kåringskrysset og Våtvoll. Kåringskrysset ble påbegynt i 2021, men ble fortsatt og avsluttet i 2022. Dette er en samisk boplass med ulike typer tufter rundt et tun. Våtvoll var årets eneste lokalitet i Gullesfjorden, og var også et kort prosjekt. Her er det en heller med samisk bruk. Det ble ikke gjort noen funn, men det var tydelige trekullag under overhenget.
Leukocyte telomere length and bipolar disorder risk: evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Lu Likui , Zeng Hongtao , Wan Bangbei , Sun Miao 
Published: March 2023

Objective
We aim to test whether leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is causally associated with the risk of bipolar disorder (BD) using the Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Methods
Results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted with 472,174 individuals of European descent were used to screen for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related with LTL traits. Summary-level data for BD (7,647 cases and 27,303 controls) were obtained from UK Biobank. An inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted via MR-Egger, maximum likelihood, MR-pleiotropy residual sum outlier (MR-PRESSO), and MR-robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) methods. Finally, the MR Steiger test was utilized to validate the hypothesized relationship between exposure and outcome.

Results
Two-sample MR analysis revealed inverse relationships between genetically predicted LTL and BD risk (IVW OR [odds ratio] = 0.800, 95% CI [0.647–0.989] P = 0.039). Genetically predicted LTL exhibits a consistent connection with BD across five MR methods. Sensitivity analyses showed that the genetically determined effect of LTL on BD was stable and reliable. Furthermore, the MR Steiger test demonstrated that LTL was causal for BD rather than the opposite (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our findings show that genetically determined LTL reduces the risk of BD. More research is required to clarify the mechanisms underlying this apparent causal connection. In addition, these findings may be useful for developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of BD.
Association Between Community-Level Social Risk and Spending Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Powers Brian W. , Figueroa Jose F. , Canterberry Melanie , Gondi Suhas , Franklin Stephanie M. , Shrank William H. , Joynt Maddox Karen E. 
Published: March 2023

ImportancePayers are increasingly using approaches to risk adjustment that incorporate community-level measures of social risk with the goal of better aligning value-based payment models with improvements in health equity.ObjectiveTo examine the association between community-level social risk and health care spending and explore how incorporating community-level social risk influences risk adjustment for Medicare beneficiaries.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsUsing data from a Medicare Advantage plan linked with survey data on self-reported social needs, this cross-sectional study estimated health care spending health care spending was estimated as a function of demographics and clinical characteristics, with and without the inclusion of Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a measure of community-level social risk. The study period was January to December 2019. All analyses were conducted from December 2021 to August 2022.ExposuresCensus block group–level ADI.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRegression models estimated total health care spending in 2019 and approximated different approaches to social risk adjustment. Model performance was assessed with overall model calibration (adjusted R2) and predictive accuracy (ratio of predicted to actual spending) for subgroups of potentially vulnerable beneficiaries.ResultsAmong a final study population of 61 469 beneficiaries (mean [SD] age, 70.7 [8.9] years; 35 801 [58.2%] female; 48 514 [78.9%] White; 6680 [10.9%] with Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility; median [IQR] ADI, 61 [42-79]), ADI was weakly correlated with self-reported social needs (r = 0.16) and explained only 0.02% of the observed variation in spending. Conditional on demographic and clinical characteristics, every percentile increase in the ADI (ie, more disadvantage) was associated with a $11.08 decrease in annual spending. Directly incorporating ADI into a risk-adjustment model that used demographics and clinical characteristics did not meaningfully improve model calibration (adjusted R2 = 7.90% vs 7.93%) and did not significantly reduce payment inequities for rural beneficiaries and those with a high burden of self-reported social needs. A postestimation adjustment of predicted spending for dual-eligible beneficiaries residing in high ADI areas also did not significantly reduce payment inequities for rural beneficiaries or beneficiaries with self-reported social needs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries, the ADI explained little variation in health care spending, was negatively correlated with spending conditional on demographic and clinical characteristics, and was poorly correlated with self-reported social risk factors. This prompts caution and nuance when using community-level measures of social risk such as the ADI for social risk adjustment within Medicare value-based payment programs.
Neighborhood Incarceration Rates and Adverse Birth Outcomes in New York City, 2010-2014
Authors: Holaday Louisa W. , Tolliver Destiny G. , Moore Tiana , Thompson Keitra , Wang Emily A. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceThe US has high rates of adverse birth outcomes, with substantial racial disparities augmented by stress and neighborhood disadvantage. Black people are more likely to live in neighborhoods with high rates of incarceration, which is a source of both stress and neighborhood disadvantage and, thus, may contribute to adverse birth outcomes.ObjectiveTo determine whether neighborhoods with high incarceration rates also have higher rates of adverse birth outcomes compared with neighborhoods with lower rates.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used publicly available data from the New York City Department of Health (2010-2014). Censored Poisson regression, with the US Census tract as the unit of analysis, was used to examine the association of neighborhood incarceration rate and birth outcomes. Multivariable models included percentage of births aggregated to the Census tract by maternal factors (age, parity, singleton vs multiple birth, insurance, and race) and neighborhood factors (poverty, education, and violent crime). Analyses were performed between May 2021 and October 2022.ExposureNeighborhood incarceration rate, categorized into quintiles.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of preterm birth and low birth weight. Secondary outcomes were IRRs of very preterm birth, extremely preterm birth, and very low birth weight. Hypotheses were formulated before data collection.ResultsAmong 2061 Census tracts with 562 339 births, incarceration rates varied from 0 to 4545 people incarcerated per 100 000, and high-incarceration neighborhoods had more residents of Black race (54.00% vs 1.90%), living in poverty (32.30% vs 10.00%), and without a general educational development equivalent (28.00% vs 12.00%) compared with low-incarceration neighborhoods. In fully adjusted models, high-incarceration neighborhoods had a 13% higher IRR of preterm birth (IRR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.18), 45% higher IRR of very preterm birth (IRR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.24-1.71), 125% higher IRR of extremely preterm birth (IRR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.59-3.18), 10% higher IRR of low birth weight (IRR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.16), and 52% higher IRR of very low birth weight compared with low-incarceration neighborhoods (IRR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.28-1.81).Conclusions and RelevanceNeighborhood incarceration rate was positively associated with adverse birth outcomes, particularly those associated with infant mortality. Black people were significantly more likely to live in high-incarceration neighborhoods, suggesting that mass incarceration may contribute to racial disparities in birth outcomes.
Restoring force characteristic model for bending moment–rotation angle relationship of concrete‐filled square steel tube beam‐columns
Authors: Fukumoto Toshiyuki , Morita Koji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new simplified restoring force characteristic model of the bending moment–rotation angle relationship for square concrete‐filled steel tube (CFT) beam‐columns to estimate the elastoplastic flexural‐shear behavior from short to slender beam‐columns. The square CFT beam‐column model incorporates a reduction in strength after the ultimate strength. The proposed simplified model is multilinear and involves a cracking strength point, a yield strength point, an ultimate strength point, and strength reduction points. In the proposed model, each flexural strength is calculated by a general superposed strength method, and new empirical expressions for each rotation angle are proposed from the results of previous experimental cyclic and monotonic loading tests. The proposed model for the bending moment–rotation angle relation is found to agree approximately with experimental results up to large rotation angles.
Causes of death among United States decedents with ALS: An eye toward delaying mortality
Authors: Larson Theodore C. , Goutman Stephen A. , Davis Bryn , Bove Frank J. , Thakur Neil , Mehta Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo report multiple cause of death (MCOD) occurrence among patients in the United States with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsUsing death certificate data for all ALS deaths from 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia, 2011–2014, we tabulated MCOD, used association rules mining (ARM) to determine if MCOD occurred together, and calculated standardized mortality odds ratios (SMOR) for select causes, comparing ALS with other U.S. decedents.ResultsAmong 24,328 death certificates, there were 25,704 MCOD, excluding ALS. ALS was listed as the sole cause of death in n = 11,263 (46%). The most frequent causes of death co‐occurring with ALS were respiratory failure (n = 6503; 25.3%), cardiovascular disease (n = 6077; 12.6%), pneumonia (n = 1345; 5.2%), and pneumonitis (n = 856; 3.3%). The SMORs among ALS decedents compared with non‐ALS decedents for falls and accidents were 3.4 (95% CI 2.6, 4.3) and 3.0 (95% CI 2.2, 4.2), respectively. From ARM analysis, falls and accidents were both associated with injuries. The most common causes identified were weakly to very strongly associated with being an ALS decedent compared with other U.S. deaths, with SMOR point estimates ranging from 1.3 to 51.1.InterpretationThis study provides information about the natural history of ALS. With knowledge that some causes of death may be preventable, healthcare providers may be able to optimize patient care and possibly postpone mortality and reduce morbidity. Moreover, this study located gaps in data; medical certifiers completing death certificates for ALS decedents should ensure all MCOD data are recorded.
Ultrathin 2D Violet Phosphorus Nanosheets: Facile Liquid‐Phase Exfoliation, Characterization, and Photoelectrochemical Application
Authors: Jin Linghua , Guo Rongshuo , Han Tao , Wang Ruibin , Zhang Ye 
Published: March 2023

AbstractViolet phosphorus (VP) is a stable layered van der Waals phosphorus allotrope with unique electronic and optoelectronic properties. In this study, 2D VP nanosheets (NSs) are prepared by liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method under ambient conditions. The prepared VP NSs are characterized and utilized for photoelectrochemical (PEC)‐type photodetector (PD). The systematic PEC measurements reveal that the as‐prepared VP‐based PD shows tunable photo‐response activities from ultraviolet to visible region. A current density of 0.52 µA cm−2, a photo‐responsivity of 31.70 µA W−1, and a detectivity of 7.92 × 1010 Jones can be obtained in 1.0 m KOH under 350 nm irradiation at 0 V, revealing the good self‐powered capability of VP‐based PD. Furthermore, the cycle and time stability tests exhibit the good chemical and environmental stability of the as‐prepared PD via processing 10 000 s on/off switching and placing after one month. It is expected that this work can offer an understanding of a PEC‐type VP NSs‐based PD, and highlight the further promising applications of 2D VP NSs for other optoelectronic devices.
High‐Efficiency InGaN Red Mini‐LEDs on Sapphire Toward Full‐Color Nitride Displays: Effect of Strain Modulation
Authors: Chen Zhaoying , Sheng Bowen , Liu Fang , Liu Shangfeng , Li Duo , Yuan Zexing , Wang Tao , Rong Xin , Huang Jingsheng , Qiu Jiangying , Liang Wenji , Zhao Chunlei , Yan Long , Hu Jason , Guo Shiping , Ge Weikun , Shen Bo , Wang Xinqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInGaN red light emitting diode (LED) is one of the crucial bottlenecks that must be broken through to realize high‐resolution full‐color mini/micro‐LED displays. The efficiency of InGaN LEDs drops rapidly as the emission spectra go from blue/green to red range due to the poor quality of high‐indium‐content InGaN materials. Here, high‐performance InGaN red LEDs on sapphire grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition through strain modulation are reported. A composite buffer layer is proposed to increase the surface lattice constant of GaN and hence successfully enhances the indium incorporation efficiency of the following InGaN active layers. Consequently, a high‐efficiency InGaN red mini‐LED chip (mesa area: 100 × 200 µm2) with a peak wavelength of 629 nm and an external quantum efficiency of 7.4% is realized. Finally, a full‐color nitride mini‐LED display panel with 74.1% coverage of Rec.2020 color gamut by using the InGaN red mini‐LED chips is fabricated. The study signifies the great potentials of full‐nitrides high‐resolution full‐color mini/micro‐LED displays.
Surface Chemistry of Biologically Active Reducible Oxide Nanozymes
Authors: Neal Craig J. , Kolanthai Elayaraja , Wei Fei , Coathup Melanie , Seal Sudipta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReducible metal oxide nanozymes (rNZs) are a subject of intense recent interest due to their catalytic nature, ease of synthesis, and complex surface character. Such materials contain surface sites which facilitate enzyme‐mimetic reactions via substrate coordination and redox cycling. Further, these surface reactive sites are shown to be highly sensitive to stresses within the nanomaterial lattice, the physicochemical environment, and to processing conditions occurring as part of their syntheses. When administered in vivo, a complex protein corona binds to the surface, redefining its biological identity and subsequent interactions within the biological system. Catalytic activities of rNZs each deliver a differing impact on protein corona formation, its composition, and in turn, their recognition, and internalization by host cells. Improving the understanding of the precise principles that dominate rNZ surface‐biomolecule adsorption raises the question of whether designer rNZs can be engineered to prevent corona formation, or indeed to produce “custom” protein coronas applied either in vitro, and preadministration, or formed immediately upon their exposure to body fluids. Here, fundamental surface chemistry processes and their implications in rNZ material performance are considered. In particular, material structures which inform component adsorption from the application environment, including substrates for enzyme‐mimetic reactions are discussed.
Material Design Strategies for Recovery of Critical Resources from Water
Authors: Kazi Omar A. , Chen Wen , Eatman Jamila G. , Gao Feng , Liu Yining , Wang Yuqin , Xia Zijing , Darling Seth B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPopulation growth, urbanization, and decarbonization efforts are collectively straining the supply of limited resources that are necessary to produce batteries, electronics, chemicals, fertilizers, and other important products. Securing the supply chains of these critical resources via the development of separation technologies for their recovery represents a major global challenge to ensure stability and security. Surface water, groundwater, and wastewater are emerging as potential new sources to bolster these supply chains. Recently, a variety of material‐based technologies have been developed and employed for separations and resource recovery in water. Judicious selection and design of these materials to tune their properties for targeting specific solutes is central to realizing the potential of water as a source for critical resources. Here, the materials that are developed for membranes, sorbents, catalysts, electrodes, and interfacial solar steam generators that demonstrate promise for applications in critical resource recovery are reviewed. In addition, a critical perspective is offered on the grand challenges and key research directions that need to be addressed to improve their practical viability.