bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermediate Outcomes of Shoulder Synovial Chondromatosis in an Adolescent Boy
Authors: Orner Caitlin A. , Shayan Katayoon , Manhard Claire E. , Edmonds Eric W. 
Published: July 2023

Case:
Synovial chondromatosis is a rare condition affecting synovial joints. It occurs uncommonly in the shoulder and is rare in the pediatric population. We present a case of a 13-year-old male patient with shoulder pain who was diagnosed with synovial chondromatosis and a posterior labral tear. He was treated with arthroscopic loose body removal, synovectomy, and posterior labral repair and recovered well from the surgery. Four years after the surgery, he developed pain in the same shoulder, but the cause of the pain was not investigated per the patient's decision.

Conclusion:
Synovial chondromatosis should be considered in pediatric patients presenting with shoulder pain and loss of function with potential for recurrence.
Population genetic analysis and scans for adaptation and contemporary selection footprints provide genomic insight into aus, indica and japonica rice cultivars diversification
Authors: Vahedi Seyed Milad , Momen Moslem , Mousavi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Banabazi Mohammad Hossein , Hasanvandi Mohammad Saeed , Bhatta Madhav , Roudbar Mahmoud Amiri , Ardestani Siavash Salek 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Following domestication, rice cultivars have been spread worldwide to different climates and have experienced selection pressures to improve desirable traits. This has resulted in diverse cultivars that display variation in phenotypic traits, such as stress tolerance, grain size, and yield. To better understand the genomic composition arising from cultivars development and local adaptation, high-density genotypes [containing 286,183 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after the quality control] of 1,284 rice cultivars of aus, indica, and temperate and tropical japonica were scanned for diversifying signatures applying a pairwise comparison of fixation index (Fst) test. Each cultivar’s population was investigated for contemporary selection using the integrated haplotype score (iHS) test. Signatures of diversifying selection among the pairwise comparisons were found in genomic regions mainly involved in response to stress (pathogens, drought, heat, cold) and development and morphology of various structures, such as root, pollen, spikelet, and grain. The most significant diversification signal between indica and japonica cultivars was detected at the location of ROX2 gene. Aus with indica comparison detected the most divergent signal at important candidate genes of OsEXPA8 and OsEXPA9, whereas temperate with tropical japonica comparison resulted in two well-known candidate genes OsHCT4 and OsGpx4. Recent selection analysis detected different patterns of contemporary selection in genomic regions related to rice breeding standard criteria such as stress tolerance, seed germination, starch content, and flowering time. Our findings highlight the underlying molecular basis of adaptive divergence and propose that modern rice breeding may provide additional diversification among rice cultivars.
Longitudinal hair cortisol in bipolar disorder and a mechanism based on HPA dynamics
Authors: Alon Uri , Milo Tomer , Maimon Lior , Cohen Ben , Haran Dafna , Segman Dror , Danon Tamar , Bren Anat , Mayo Avi , Rappaport Gadi Cohen , McInnis Melvin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a dynamic disease in which mania, depression and mixed states vary on a timescale of months to years. BD patients characteristically exhibit elevated levels of the hormone cortisol. Persistently elevated cortisol can also cause mood episodes in a substantial fraction of the general population. Although BD is a dynamic disease that is related to cortisol, longitudinal cortisol dynamics in BD have rarely been studied. Here we use hair to measure past cortisol where each cm of hair corresponds to a month of growth. Cortisol was measured in 12 cm hair samples from people with BD (n = 26) and controls (n = 59), corresponding to one year of cortisol data. We found that hair cortisol exhibited a frequency spectrum with enhanced year-scale fluctuations whose amplitude was about 4-fold higher on average in BD compared to controls. Cortisol in the proximal 2 cm hair segment correlated with mood scales that report on mood in the past two months. In line with the notion that cortisol correlates with mood, we find that the mean frequency spectrum of depression (n = 266) and mania (n = 273) scores from a large longitudinal study of BD is similar to the hair cortisol spectrum from the present cohort. Taken together, these results suggest a mechanism for BD as the intersection of two neuropsychological traits: cortisol-induced mood episodes (CIM) and high emotional reactivity (ER). High ER causes fluctuations in which cortisol is elevated for months, as shown by a mathematical model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that regulates cortisol. In individuals with CIM, the magnitude of these persistent cortisol fluctuations can be high enough to trigger mood episodes. Thus, this study combines longitudinal cortisol measurements and mathematical modeling to provide a potential mechanistic link between the timescales of cortisol and moods in BD.
Heterologous expression and fibrillary characterization of the microtubule-binding domain of tau associated with tauopathies
Authors: Peng Chong , Wei Wei , Zhang Huitu , Wang Ying , Chang Baogen , Zhao Wenping , Jia Longgang , Li Li , Lu Fuping , Liu Fufeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are one of the most common pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The NFTs are mainly composed of hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated tau. Thus, recombinant tau is urgently required for the study of its fibrillogenesis and its associated cytotoxicity.
Methods and Results
Heterologous expression, purification, and fibrillation of the microtubule-binding domain (MBD) of tau (tau&MBD) were performed. The tau&MBD was heterologously expressed in E. coli. Ni-chelating affinity (Ni-NTA) chromatography was then performed to purify the target protein. Thereafter, tau&MBD was systematically identified using the SDS-PAGE, western blot and MALDI-TOF MS methods. The aggregation propensity of the tau&MBD was explored by both the thioflavin T fluorescence and atomic force microscopy experiments.
Conclusions
The final yield of the recombinant tau&MBD was ~20 mg·L-1. It is shown that Tau&MBD self-assembled into the typical fibrils. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity of tau&MBD aggregates was validated using PC12 cells. The heterologously expressed tau in this study can be further used in the investigation of the biophysical and cellular cytotoxic properties of tau.
Ultrafast Silicon Optical Nonlinear Activator for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Yan Siqi , Zhou Ziwen , Liu Chen , Zhao Weiwei , Liu Jingze , Jiang Ting , Peng Wenyi , Xiong Jiawang , Wu Hao , Zhang Chi , Ding Yunhong , Ros Francesco Da , Xu Xingyuan , Xu Kun , Ming Tang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Optical neural networks (ONNs) have shown great promise in overcoming the speed and efficiency bottlenecks of artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, the absence of high-speed, energy-efficient nonlinear activators significantly impedes the advancement of ONNs and their extension to ultrafast application scenarios like autonomous vehicles and real-time intelligent signal processing. In this work, we designed and fabricated a novel silicon-based ultrafast all-optical nonlinear activator, leveraging the hybrid integration of silicon slot waveguides, plasmonic slot waveguides, and monolayer graphene. We utilized double-balanced detection and synchronous pump-probe measurement techniques to experimentally evaluate the static and dynamic characteristics of the activators, respectively. Exploiting the exceptional picosecond scale photogenerated carrier relaxation time of graphene, the response time of the activator is markedly reduced to ~93.6 ps. This response time is approximately five times faster than electronic neural networks, establishing our all-optical activator as the fastest known in silicon photonics to our knowledge. Moreover, the all-optical nonlinear activator holds a low threshold power of 5.49 mW and a corresponding power consumption per activation of 0.51 pJ. Furthermore, we confirm its feasibility and capability for use in ONNs by simulation, achieving a high accuracy of 96.8% for MNIST handwritten digit recognition and a mean absolute error of less than 0.1 dB for optical signal-to-noise ratio monitoring of high-speed optical signals. This breakthrough in speed and energy efficiency of all-optical nonlinear activators opens the door to significant improvements in the performance and applicability of ONNs, ushering in a new era of advanced artificial intelligence technologies with enormous potential.
Phenotypic and transcriptional analysis of the antimicrobial effect of lactic acid bacteria on carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL 2244 an alternative strategy to overcome resistance?”
Authors: Rodriguez Cecilia , Ramlaoui Dema , Georgeos Nardin , Gasca Briea , Leal Camila , Subils Tomás , Tuttobene Marisel R , Sieira Rodrigo , Salzameda Nicholas T. , Bonomo Robert A. , Raya Raúl , Ramirez María Soledad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a recognized nosocomial pathogen with limited antibiotic treatment options. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) constitute a promising therapeutic alternative. Here we studied the antibacterial properties of a collection of LAB strains using phenotypic and transcriptomic analysis against A. baumannii clinical strains. One strain, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL 2244, demonstrated a potent inhibitory capacity on A. baumannii with a significant killing activity. Scanning electron microscopy images showed changes in the morphology of A. baumannii with an increased formation of outer membrane vesicles. Significant changes in the expression levels of a wide variety of genes were also observed. Interestingly, most of the modified genes were involved in a metabolic pathway known to be associated with the survival of A. baumannii. The paa operon, Hut system, and fatty acid degradation were some of the pathways that were induced. The analysis reveals the impact of Lcb. rhamnosus CRL 2244 on A. baumannii response, resulting in bacterial stress and subsequent cell death. These findings highlight the antibacterial properties of Lcb. rhamnosus CRL 2244 and its potential as an alternative or complementary strategy for treating infections. Further exploration and development of LAB as a treatment option could provide valuable alternatives for combating CRAB infections.
Linking rhizospheric microbiota and metabolite interactions with harvested aboveground carbon and soil carbon of lakeshore reed wetlands in a subtropical region
Authors: Wang Junli , Fu Zishi , Qiao Hongxia , Liu Fuxing , Bi Yucui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims
Lakeshore wetlands are global carbon (C) hotspots, but their role in C sequestration has been largely overlooked. The rhizosphere has a complex interaction of microbiota and metabolites, which plays an important role in wetland C cycling. This study aims to understand how the rhizospheric interactions affects harvested aboveground C and soil C of lakeshore wetlands in a subtropical region.
Methods
An investigation of five lakeshore reed (Phragmites australis) wetlands at the similar latitudes of the Lower Yangtse Valley in China was carried out to explore the relationship of rhizospheric interactions with harvested aboveground C and soil C. The plant traits and soil physicochemical properties were determined due to their important role in affecting rhizosphere interactions.
Results
Plant traits and soil physicochemical properties significantly differed among the sites, while aboveground C fixation did not significantly differ. The soil organic C (SOC) content of the topsoil was accounting for the majority of the soil total C at most sites, except for the wetland at the Yangtze River estuary with higher soil pH and conductivity, whose soil inorganic C (SIC) accounted for almost half. Bacterial community and metabolite composition were significantly partitioned across the region. Structural equation modeling revealed the rhizospheric interactions positively affected aboveground C and SOC, but negatively affected SIC. Their effects on soil C content were stronger than those on aboveground C fixation.
Conclusions
The rhizosphere exhibited the direct and indirect effects on harvested aboveground C and soil C by altering microbial community structure and metabolite composition.
Preoperative Systemic Inflammatory Measures as a Maker of Recurrence in Patients with Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer:a Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study
Authors: Jiao Chenyang , Qian Yun , Yang Bin , Fu Yiwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background. It is reported that systemic inflammatory measures including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) were associated with prognosis in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC),but the correlation between the prognosis of early ESCC and above parameters is still unclear.
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether preoperative systemic inflammatory measures were associated with ectopic recurrence in patients with early ESCC after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Methods. Preoperative systemic inflammatory measures were obtained in 120 patients who received the treatment of ESD for early ESCC from July 2015 to September 2018. Clinicopathological characteristics were compared between recurrence and non-recurrence groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the areas under the ROC curves (AUROCs) were compared to verify the accuracy of each measure in predicting recurrence.
Results. NLR and SII were significantly higher in patients suffering ectopic recurrence than non-recurrence patients (NLR, 2.38 ± 1.30 vs 3.32 ± 1.00, p = 0.016; SII, 349.79 ± 223.21 vs 511.49 ± 208.63, p = 0.029). NLR > 2.24 (90% sensitivity and 57.3%, specifically, p = 0.005, AUROC = 0.771) and SII > 345.49 (90% sensitivity and 58.2% specifically, p = 0.007, AUROC = 0.757) were predictors of recurrence .
Conclusion. Patients with higher NLR and SII levels were at higher risk of ectopic recurrence. NLR and SII should be clinically useful biomarkers to guide early ESCC postoperative follow-up procedures.
Accurate nowcasting of cloud cover at solar photovoltaic plants
Authors: Min Min , Xia Pan , Zhang Lu , Li Jun , Wang Yun , Yu Yu , Jia Shengjie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Accurate nowcasting of cloud cover or fraction (CF) and its movement is still an intractable challenge for stable solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation. By combining continuous radiance images measured by geostationary satellite and an advanced recurrent neural network, we develop a novel nowcasting algorithm for predicting CF at the leading time of 0–4 hours at PV plants. Based on this algorithm, a cyclically updated prediction system is also established and tested at two PV plants and several stations with CF observations in China. The results demonstrate that the CF nowcasting is efficient, high quality and adaptable. Particularly, it shows an excellent forecast performance within the first 2-hour leading time, with an average correlation coefficient close to 0.90(0.80) between predicted CF and actual CF(power generation at PV plants). Our findings highlight the benefits and potential of this technique to improve the competitiveness of solar PV energy in electricity market.
Stacking of Recessive Alleles for P34, Lectin, KTI and 7S α'-subunit Proteins in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
Authors: Ly Sarath , Lee Jeong Hwan , Oh Hyeon Su , Kim Se Yeong , Choi Sang Woo , chung Jongil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an excellent source of protein for humans, but several allergenic and antinutritional components such as P34, lectin, Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor (KTI), and 7S α′ subunit proteins exist in the raw mature seed. Genetic elimination of these factors would be the appropriate method to improve soybean food quality. The objective of this research was to develop a new soybean line with a tetra null recessive genotype (titilelecgy1cgy1p34p34) based on Mendelian inheritance. Four germplasms were used to develop the tetra null strain. A total of 322 F2 seeds were obtained from the cross of parent 1 and parent 2. For four proteins of KTI, lectin, 7S α' subunit and P34, and segregation ratio of 107:30:37:8:35:9:14:3:33:9:14:0:13:3:5:2 was observed (χ2 = 9.41, P = 0.9 ~ 0.5). Two F2 seeds possessing the tetra null genotype (cgy1cgy1titilelep34p34) were selected. Confirmation of the Tetra null genotype (titilelecgy1cgy1p34p34 - absence of KTI, lectin, 7S α' subunit and P34 proteins) was verified on the random F3 seeds of the two lines selected. The seed color for both selection lines was yellow and the hilum color was buff. The seed weights (g/100 seeds) for the two selected lines were 12.2 g and 12.0 g. This paper is the first to investigate the genetic segregation ratio and selection of tetra null genotype for four proteins of P34, lectin, KTI and 7S α' subunit proteins in soybean.
The safety profile of tramadol combined with nicotine on liver and testicles: Evidence from endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Ghorab Doaa , Rub Ejlal Abu- , Gharaibeh Mohamed Hamdi , Khasawneh Ramada R , Almazari Rawan A. , Al-Emam Ahmed , HELALY AHMED 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Tramadol is a substance of abuse in the Middle East, and smoking is extremely common among the population.
Methods:An experimental study was performed on Sprague Dawley rats to explore the effect of both nicotine and tramadol on the liver and testes. Tramadol was administered at 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg in the liver and testes, respectively, while nicotine was administered at 125 mcg/kg. Western blot analysis of BIP (immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein) and CHOP (CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein) revealed that fewer problems were induced by adding nicotine to tramadol.
Conclusions: The results showed mild endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (BIP and CHOP), autophagy, and apoptosis in the liver samples. Histological examination revealed stable spermatogenesis with normal androgen blood levels in the different groups.
Large scale rice germplasm screening for identification of novel brown planthopper resistance sources
Authors: yang ke , Liu Hongmei , Jiang Weihua , Hu Yinxia , Zhou Zhiyang , An Xin , Miao Si , Qin Yushi , Du Bo , Zhu Lili , He Guangcun , Chen Rongzhi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop globally. Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is the most destructive insect that threatens rice production annually. More than 40 BPH resistance genes have been identified so far, which provide valuable gene resources for marker-assisted breeding against BPH. However, it is still urgent to evaluate rice germplasms and to explore more new wide-spectrum BPH resistance genes to combat newly occurring virulent BPH populations. To this end, 560 germplasm accessions were collected from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), and their resistance to current BPH population of China was examined. A total of 105 highly resistant materials were identified. Molecular screening of BPH resistance genes in these rice germplasms was conducted by developing specific functional molecular markers of eight cloned resistance genes. Twenty-three resistant germplasms were found to contain none of the known BPH resistance genes. These accessions also exhibited a variety of resistance mechanisms as indicated by an improved insect weight gain (WG) method, suggesting the existence of new resistance genes. One new BPH resistance gene, Bph44(t), was identified in rice accession IRGC 15344 and preliminarily mapped to a 0–2 Mb region on chromosome 4. This study systematically sorted out the corresponding relationships between BPH resistance genes and germplasm resources using a functional molecular marker system. Newly explored resistant germplasms will provide valualble donors for the identification of new resistance genes and BPH resistance breeding programs.
Germline Genetic NBN Variation and Predisposition to B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children
Authors: Yang Jun , Escherich Carolin , Chen Wenan , Li Yizhen , Yang Wenjian , Nishii Rina , Li Zhenhua , Raetz Elizabeth , Devidas Meenakshi , Wu Gang , Nichols Kim , Inaba Hiroto , Pui Ching-Hon , Jeha Sima , Camitta Bruce , Larsen Eric , Hunger Stephen , Loh Mignon 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Biallelic mutation in the DNA-damage repair gene NBN is the genetic cause of Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome, which is associated with predisposition to lymphoid malignancies. Heterozygous carriers of germline NBN variants may also be at risk for leukemia development, although this is much less characterized. We systematically examined the frequency of germline NBN variants in pediatric B-ALL and identified 25 putatively damaging NBN coding variants in 50 of 4,183 B-ALL patients. Compared with the frequency of NBN variants in 118,479 gnomAD non-cancer controls we found significant overrepresentation in pediatric B-ALL (p=0.004, OR=1.77). Most B-ALL-risk variants were missense and cluster within the NBN N-terminal domains. Using two functional assays, we verified 14 of 25 variants with severe loss-of-function phenotypes and thus classified these as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Finally, we found that heterozygous germline NBN variant carriers showed similar survival outcomes relative to those with WT status. Taken together, our findings provide novel insights into the genetic predisposition to B-ALL, the impact of NBN variants on protein function and suggest that heterozygous NBN variant carriers may safely receive B-ALL therapy.