bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nest visitors of Vespula wasps and their potential use for biological control in an invaded range
Authors: Stratford John E. , Stratford Francesca M. W. , Brown Robert L. , Oi Cintia Akemi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe common and the German wasp, Vespula vulgaris and V. germanica, have proved to be prolific invasive species capable of degrading local ecosystems and costing invaded countries millions of dollars annually. Despite clear incentive, control strategies are yet to have any significant deleterious impact on invasive populations. Several species of arthropods are known to inhabit Vespula nests and feed upon developing larvae as either parasitoids or predators. Recent control strategies propose the use of such parasitoids as agents of biocontrol against invasive wasps (Volucella inanis in particular). Despite a general understanding of parasitoid ecology, some aspects such as prevalence, distribution, and behaviour remain limited. Here, we surveyed natural enemy prevalence in wasp nests over the period of three years and we tested larvae prey preference of two Volucella species, V. inanis and V. zonaria towards Vespula wasps. We find V. inanis to be the most prevalent of four prominent candidates for Vespid biocontrol—V. inanis, V. zonaria, Sphecophaga vesparum, and Metoecus paradoxus. Using two-choice assays, we find larvae of V. inanis to have slight yet significant prey preference for V. vulgaris larvae over V. germanica larvae, whilst V. zonaria display no preference. Furthermore, V. inanis were not averse to still predating upon V. germanica, doing so in 41% of trials. Prior exposure has no effect on the prey-preference. Our work provides experimental evidence that V. inanis is a promising candidate for biocontrol of invasive Vespula wasps, as the larvae predate on both target species of Vespula and display no exclusive preference among them.
From theory to practice: optimisation of available information for landslide hazard assessment in Rome relying on official, fragmented data sources
Authors: Esposito C. , Mastrantoni G. , Marmoni G. M. , Antonielli B. , Caprari P. , Pica A. , Schilirò L. , Mazzanti P. , Bozzano F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe definition of landslide hazard is a step-like procedure that encompasses the quantification of its spatial and temporal attributes, i.e., a reliable definition of landslide susceptibility and a detailed analysis of landslide recurrence. However, available information is often incomplete, fragmented and unsuitable for reliable quantitative analysis. Nevertheless, landslide hazard evaluation has a key role in the implementation of risk mitigation policies and an effort should be done to retrieve information and make it useful for this purpose. In this research, we go through this topic of optimising the information available in catalogues, starting from landslide inventory review and constitution of a boosted training dataset, propaedeutic for susceptibility analysis based on machine learning methods. The temporal recurrence of landslide events has been approached here either through the definitions of large-scale quantitative hazard descriptors or by analysis of historical rainfall (i.e., the main triggering factor for the considered shallow earth slope failures) databases through the definition of rainfall probability curves. Spatial and temporal attributes were integrated, selecting potential landslide source areas ranked in terms of hazard. Data integration was also pursued through persistent scatterer interferometry analysis which pointed out areas of interest within potential landslide source areas featured by ongoing ground movement. The consequential approach led to the definition of the first hazard product of the city of Rome at a local scale functional for advisory purposes or the statutory level, representing a thematic layer able to orient the risk managers and infrastructure stakeholders.
A strategy for improving the safety and strength of topologically optimized multi-material structures
Authors: Li Yu , Yuan Philip F. , Xie Yi Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new strategy to distribute two different materials for multi-material topology optimization. Extended from the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method for a single material, the multi-material bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization (MBESO) method has been developed, which can effectively handle the topology optimization problems involving two materials like steel and concrete. However, in some special cases, overloading of part of the compressed material occurs in the multi-material structures designed by using the MBESO method. Aimed to solve this critical problem, a simple but effective strategy is proposed in this paper. In steel-concrete composite structures, for instance, the overloaded compressed concrete elements with exceedingly high stress are replaced with steel material. The small amount of steel material added to the highly compressed region can effectively reduce the maximum compressive stress of the concrete material to a safe level. The comparison between the original MBESO method and the improved strategy based on a series of two-dimensional and three-dimensional examples clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in enhancing the structural safety and strength of the topologically optimized composite structures. This distinctly different material distribution strategy shows its potential and value in multi-material topology optimization research and applications.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Eulaelaps huzhuensis (Mesostigmata: Haemogamasidae)
Authors: Yang Hui-Juan , Yang Zhi-Hua , Ren Tian-Guang , Dong Wen-Ge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSome mites of the family Haemogamasidae can transmit a variety of zoonotic diseases and have important public health and safety implications. Currently, however, little attention has been paid to molecular data of Haemogamasidae species, limiting our understanding of their evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Eulaelaps huzhuensis was determined for the first time, and its genomic information was analyzed in detail. The mitochondrial genome of E. huzhuensis is 14,872 bp in length with 37 genes and two control regions. The base composition showed a distinct AT preference. Twelve protein-coding genes have a typical ATN as the start codon, and three protein-coding genes have incomplete stop codons. During the folding of tRNA genes, a total of 30 mismatches occurred, and three tRNA genes had an atypical cloverleaf secondary structure. The order of the E. huzhuensis mitochondrial genome arrangement is a new type of rearrangement in Mesostigmata. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the family Haemogamasidae is a monophyletic branch and does not belong to a subfamily of the Laelapidae. Our results lay the foundation for subsequent studies on the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the family Haemogamasidae.
Disentangling the effects of fishing and temperature to explain increasing fish species richness in the North Sea
Authors: Jones D. Ieuan , Miethe Tanja , Clarke Elizabeth D. , Marshall C. Tara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClimate change and fishing have impacted marine species richness (R) at global and local scales. It has previously been shown that R of the fish community in the North Sea has increased since the early 1980’s. Over the same period, ocean temperature has increased, and fishing mortality has decreased in the North Sea. Because these are confounded over time, either trend could plausibly explain the increase in R. Therefore, a logic-based approach was used to disentangle the effects of temperature and fishing on R, using spatio-temporal models fitted to survey data. To investigate the effect of temperature on R, fish species were subset by thermal affinity, as either Lusitanian (warm) or Boreal (cold) species. To investigate the effect of fishing mortality on R, species were subset by management category as either quota (assumed to be targeted) or non-quota species. Trends in these subsets were plotted separately to investigate which subsets of the fish community have contributed to the overall R increase. Over three decades, fish R increased by an average of 2.5 species per haul. These increases were predominantly of Lusitanian non-quota species (1.9). A small increase was observed in quota species (0.6); however, this increase was driven by quota-Lusitanian species (0.4). Our results suggest that temperature rather than fishing mortality was the driver of R increase in the North Sea since 1991 and highlight the importance of long-term monitoring in detecting ecological responses to climate change at the community level.
A Home-based Approach to Reduce Test Anxiety Using a Combination of Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Csirmaz Luca , Vikor Fanni , Szekely Anna , Kasos Krisztian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing number of students struggle with test anxiety. Evidence based, online, affordable, and accessible solutions for test anxiety are scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an online delivered, assisted intervention (REST-TA) in a randomized controlled trial.Participants (N = 178) were recruited through a university course and were randomized into a treatment group and waitlist control group. The treatment group completed an 8-week program which consisted of relaxation, skill training and cognitive behavioral methods. Both treatment and control group filled out a battery of questionnaires (TAMC-SF, STAI, DASS, MBI-SS, Resilience) pre and post-treatment.According to our results there was a significant reduction in test anxiety between pre and post intervention. We found a significant increase in trait anxiety, negative affectivity, and burnout in the control group, while no change or slight decrease in these scores in the treatment group. Our analyses also yielded a significant increase in resilience scores in the treatment group while resilience scores did not change for the control group.We conclude that REST-TA was successful at reducing test anxiety. Moreover, it helped to maintain the subjective well-being of students, while increasing resilience. Online solutions are a scalable option for universities to implement, therefore programs such as REST-TA could be of great help to improve the mental health of university students.
Intrinsically modified self-extinguishing fire-retardant epoxy resin using boron-polyol complex
Authors: Mathews Lalson Daniel , Capricho Jaworski C. , Salim Nisa , Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar , Moinuddin Khalid , Hameed Nishar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel fire-retardant epoxy thermoset, containing boron polyol complex, was prepared and characterised. The fire-retardant additive was a stoichiometric mixture of boric acid and glycerol. Flame retardancy of the epoxy resin was improved by the formation of stable char layer that protected the underlying epoxy from further burning. Phonon transport through the polymer matrix via hydrogen bonding was identified. The hydrogen bonding acted as a thermal bridge for intermolecular phonon transport to gain improved thermal conductivity resulting early char formation. The hydrogen bonding between the complex and the epoxy matrix was demonstrated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The phonon transport and a high degree of graphitization was confirmed using Raman Spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis was used for polymer decomposition to confirm a char yield of over 20%. Reaction to fire test revealed enhancement in fire retardancy and self-extinguishing properties of the blend compared to the neat epoxy. Cone calorimetry testing confirmed decreased peak heat release rate and total smoke production by the effect of boron compound in the epoxy matrix. Hydrogen bonding, formation of thick stable layer of char at the polymer surface, and a blowing out effect caused by pyrolytic gases escaping to the gaseous phase, were attributed to the improved fire retardancy. This research may find applications in thermal insulation material of electronic circuit boards, coating in aerospace materials, as well as building and construction industries.
The relations between working from home and travel behaviour: a panel analysis
Authors: Faber R. M. , Hamersma M. , Brimaire J. , Kroesen M. , Molin E. J.E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolicies to increase the amount of time people spend working from home were widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since research suggests that the resulting increase in working from home will outlast these policies themselves, policymakers want to understand the relations between working from home and travel behaviour. We apply longitudinal modelling techniques to estimate the relations between working from home and travel behaviour using panel data from the Netherlands Mobility Panel spanning the years 2017 through 2021. This allows us to separate between-persons and within-persons relations and effects and to see whether these effects changed during the pandemic. We find a negative effect of working from home on commute travel time both before and during the pandemic and a positive effect on leisure travel time only before the pandemic. The sizes of these effects remained roughly similar during the pandemic, although the extent to which working from home affected commute travel time increased during the pandemic. The net effect of working from home on travel time is negative, indicating that working from home policies could be used to reduce travel time. The results also show that some of the relationships between working from home and travel behaviour have changed during the pandemic. As a result, policymakers and transport operators should be careful when estimating future travel demand based on extrapolations of relationships found only before or during the pandemic.
Using Human-Centered Design Strategies to Identify Unmet Adolescent Sexual Health Wants and Needs
Authors: Leos Cristina , Chen Elizabeth , Jagannathan Vichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper describes a human-centered design approach to investigate unmet adolescent sexual health wants and needs among youth of color in low-income and rural communities in Texas, North Carolina, and Connecticut (n = 149). The approach involved gathering qualitative data through in-depth interviews and other human-centered design activities between April 2016 and August 2016. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis after each round of data collection. Themes were triangulated across multiple data sources to identify key insights. Results highlighted several important unmet wants and needs. Participants shared that schools were not the preferred place to learn about sexual health and healthy relationships, due to uncomfortable and sometimes even hostile environments. When discussing the potential to use internet- and technology-based sexual health resources, participants expressed concerns over privacy, safety, and credibility of information available. Similarly, participants preferred mobile apps over websites due to the privacy of the experience. Most importantly, key emotions impacting adolescents’ access to and use of sexual health resources were identified. Results indicated a preference for consuming story-based information in a text message format that described diverse experiences related to sexual health topics. Together, these findings led to the development of an innovative, mobile health intervention for adolescents, the Real Talk mobile app. This human-centered approach can support researchers and practitioners in strengthening intervention development efforts to improve the reach, adoption, and implementation of sexual health interventions.
Sex-based comparison of trunk flexors and extensors functional and contractile characteristics in young gymnasts
Authors: Deodato Manuela , Saponaro Serena , Šimunič Boštjan , Martini Miriam , Galmonte Alessandra , Murena Luigi , Buoite Stella Alex 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Gymnastics is a sport characterized by acrobatic and postural strength exercises that require great trunk muscles activation and control. Males and females can be characterized by different morphological and neuromuscular characteristics of such muscles, and this might be of importance for training and injury prevention. The aim of this study was to measure different aspects of trunk flexors and extensors characteristics in a sample of young female and male gymnasts.

Methods
Twenty-eight sub-elite adolescent female (n = 14, 16 y, 14–17) and male (n = 14, 17 y, 14–18) gymnasts participated in this cross-sectional study. Tensiomyography was used to assess muscle contractile properties of the rectus abdominis (m.RA) and erector spinae (m.ES), while muscle thickness was assessed for abdominal muscles and lumbar multifidus (m.LM) with ultrasound. Flexors, extensors, and lateral endurance tests were performed.

Results
Females presented smaller m.ES radial displacement (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.535), smaller internal oblique thickness (p < 0.001, pη2 = 0.543), and shorter lateral endurance (p = 0.002, pη2 = 0.302). A significant side × sex interaction was found for the external oblique thickness (p = 0.004, pη2 = 0.276).

Conclusion
Present findings report sex-based differences in abdominal and lumbar muscles characteristics and support the development of different sex-based training and rehabilitation protocols in adolescent gymnasts.
Studienbewertung in systematischen Reviews der Bildungsforschung – Planungsschritte und Kriterien zur Prüfung der internen Validität von Interventionsstudien
Authors: Höfler Martha , Vasylyeva Tetyana 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungSystematische Reviews, die in der evidenzbasierten Medizin heute fest etabliert sind, werden auch in der Bildungsforschung zunehmend umgesetzt. Mithilfe solcher Übersichtsstudien lassen sich Wirkungsbefunde zu pädagogischen Maßnahmen umfänglich zusammentragen und evaluieren. Da hierfür eine Einschätzung der Qualität der empirischen Datenlage notwendig ist, stellt die Qualitätsbewertung von Studien eine zentrale Aufgabe im Review-Prozess dar. Sofern die Durchführung eines Reviews nicht über externe Review-Organisationen erfolgt, muss die Studienbewertung selbstständig konzipiert werden. Dies birgt jedoch Herausforderungen angesichts der vielfältigen Forschungsdesigns von pädagogischen Interventionsstudien und möglichen Bewertungskriterien, die passend zum Evidenzkonzept in der Bildung und zum jeweiligen Untersuchungsgegenstand definiert werden müssen. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die selbstständige Konzeptionierung der Studienbewertung in systematischen Reviews der Bildungsforschung und fokussiert dabei die Beurteilung der internen Validität von Interventionsstudien. Es werden relevante Planungsschritte zusammengefasst und reflektiert, die aus einer Recherche in theoretisch-konzeptionellen Arbeiten und Kriterien-Checklisten zur Qualitätsevaluation hervorgehen. Die Umsetzung dieser Schritte wird anhand der Studienbewertung eines systematischen Reviews zur Wirkung sprachsensibler Unterrichtsansätze exemplarisch illustriert. Dabei wird auch das Kriterienraster zur Beurteilung der internen Validität von pädagogischen Interventionsstudien vorgestellt, das in diesem Review als Ergebnis des Konzeptionsprozesses entstanden ist. Der Beitrag macht deutlich, dass die Studienbewertung gründliche Planungen und Richtungsentscheide voraussetzt. Das vorgestellte Kriterienraster kann zur Orientierung für die Qualitätsbewertung in anderen systematischen Reviews der Bildungsforschung dienen.
A link function specification test in the single functional index model
Authors: Chan Lax , Delsol Laurent , Goia Aldo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper a test for specification in functional regression with scalar response that exploits semi-parametric principles is illustrated. Once the test statistics is defined, its asymptotic null distribution is derived under suitable conditions. The finite sample performances of the test are analyzed through a simulation study by using both the asymptotic p-value and some bootstrap approaches. To appreciate the potentialities of the method, an application to a spectrometric real dataset is performed.
Mathematics education for STEM as place
Authors: Nicol Cynthia , Thom Jennifer S. , Doolittle Edward , Glanfield Florence , Ghostkeeper Elmer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPositioned within Indigenous and ecological discourses, our paper reconsiders human-centered relationships with earth and activities such as STEM that view earth as commodity, resource, and platform. In doing so, we turn to the ways earth (e.g., rivers, forests, animals) teaches mathematics education for STEM as place and reveals intelligences that exceed those of humankind. Using examples of place and land, we illustrate how such a conception contrasts with current calls and goals for STEM and integrated STEM education. We contend that comprehending STEM as place renews potential for success to be defined “as the continuity of life”; that is, all that concerns the natural world, including human wellbeing in general, and in particular mathematics and mathematics education. To conclude, we propose research directions to study mathematical ways of being, mathematics, and mathematics education for STEM as place. We include possible implications and pathways for such work which prompts (re)visioning and (re)enacting mathematics education to be for STEM as place.
Spectroscopic Non-targeted Techniques in Combination with Linear Discriminant Analysis for Wine Vinegar Authentication
Authors: Grassi Silvia , Alamprese Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work aims at comparing different non-targeted spectroscopic techniques (i.e., UV–Vis, FT-IR, FT-NIR, and NIR spectroscopy) for the authentication of white wine vinegar. Five white wine vinegars were adulterated with two different spirit vinegars. Further twenty-five wine vinegars were analyzed to enlarge the authentic product dataset. All samples (i.e., 160) were analyzed in duplicate by UV–Vis, FT-NIR, and FT-IR spectroscopy; moreover, a handheld NIR device was tested on a subset of samples (i.e., 89). Principal component analysis revealed sample patterns related to vinegar acidity (6 or 7.1%) rather than adulteration levels. After variable selection (SELECT algorithm), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) models were developed and tested by independent external sets. The LDA models gave very high weighted correct classification rates in calibration (95.5–100.0%), cross-validation (92.4–100.0%), and prediction (90.0–100.0%) for all the spectroscopic techniques. With the portable NIR instrument, 100% correct classifications in prediction were obtained, demonstrating its suitability in vinegar authentication.