bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of isolation housing stress and mouse strain on intravenous cocaine self-administration, sensory stimulus self-administration, and reward preference
Authors: Leonardo Michael , Brunty Sarah , Huffman Jessica , Lester Deranda B. , Dickson Price E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSensory stimuli are natural rewards in mice and humans. Consequently, preference for a drug reward relative to a sensory reward may be an endophenotype of addiction vulnerability. In this study, we developed a novel behavioral assay to quantify the preference for intravenous drug self-administration relative to sensory stimulus self-administration. We used founder strains of the BXD recombinant inbred mouse panel (C57BL/6J, DBA/2J) and a model of stress (isolation vs enriched housing) to assess genetic and epigenetic effects. Following 10 weeks of differential housing, all mice were tested under three reward conditions: sensory rewards available, cocaine rewards available, both rewards available. When a single reward was available (sensory stimuli or cocaine; delivered using distinct levers), DBA/2J mice self-administered significantly more rewards than C57BL/6J mice. When both rewards were available, DBA/2J mice exhibited a significant preference for cocaine relative to sensory stimuli; in contrast, C57BL/6J mice exhibited no preference. Housing condition influenced sensory stimulus self-administration and strain-dependently influenced inactive lever pressing when both rewards were available. Collectively, these data reveal strain effects, housing effects, or both on reward self-administration and preference. Most importantly, this study reveals that genetic mechanisms underlying preference for a drug reward relative to a nondrug reward can be dissected using the full BXD panel.
Wavefront shaping with nonlinear four-wave mixing
Authors: Shen Dongyi , Cao Jianjun , Wan Wenjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWavefront manipulations have enabled wide applications across many interdisciplinary fields ranging from optics and microwaves to acoustics. However, the realizations of such functional surfaces heavily rely on micro/nanofabrication to define the structured surfaces, which are fixed and only work within a limited spectrum. To address these issues, previous attempts combining tunable materials like liquid crystal or phase-change ones onto the metasurfaces have permitted extra tunability and working spectra, however, these additional layers bring in inevitable loss and complicate the fabrication. Here we demonstrate a fabrication-free tunable flat slab using a nonlinear four-wave mixing process. By wavefront-shaping the pump onto the flat slab, we can successfully tune the effective nonlinear refraction angle of the emitting FWM beams according to the phase-matching condition. In this manner, a focusing and a defocusing nonlinear of FWM beam through the flat slab have been demonstrated with a converging and a diverging pump wavefronts, respectively. Furthermore, a beam steering scheme over a 20° angle has been realized through a non-degenerate four-wave mixing process by introducing a second pump. These features open up a door to manipulating light propagation in an all-optical manner, paving the way to more functional and tunable flat slab devices in the applications of imaging and all-optical information.
Population genetic structure of a recent insect invasion: a gall midge, Asynapta groverae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in South Korea since the first outbreak in 2008
Authors: Kang Ji Hyoun , Ham Daseul , Park Sung Hwan , Hwang Jeong Mi , Park Sun-Jae , Baek Min Jeong , Bae Yeon Jae 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOutbreaks ofAsynapta groverae, an invasive mycophagous gall midge, in South Korea have been repeatedly reported since the first occurrence in 2008. This species is a nuisance to residents owing to its mass emergence from newly built and furnished apartments. Here, the levels of genetic diversity, divergence, and structure of invasiveA. groveraepopulations were investigated to understand their ability to survive in novel locations. Population genetic analyses were performed on seven invasive populations, including the first outbreak, sporadically emerged, and two laboratory-isolated (quarantined) populations, using the mitochondrialCOIsequences and the ten novel microsatellite markers developed in this study. Non-indigenousA. groveraemanaged to maintain their populations for 12 years despite decreased genetic polymorphisms resulting from multiple incidences of founder effects by a small number of colonists. Additionally, the advantageous sustainability ofA. groveraein the particle boards from which they emerge suggests that human-mediated dispersal is plausible, which may allow for the successful spread or invasion ofA. groveraeto new locations. This study is one of the few examples to demonstrate that an insect species successfully invaded new regions despite exhibiting decreased genetic diversity that was maintained for a decade. These findings indicate that the high genetic diversity of the initial founding population and asexual reproduction would contribute to the successful invasion ofA. groveraein novel environments.
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the survival of patients with high-grade glioma and best practice recommendations
Authors: Vogel Marco M. E. , Wagner Arthur , Gempt Jens , Krenzlin Harald , Zeyen Thomas , Drexler Richard , Voss Martin , Nettekoven Charlotte , Abboud Tammam , Mielke Dorothee , Rohde Veit , Timmer Marco , Goldbrunner Roland , Steinbach Joachim P. , Dührsen Lasse , Westphal Manfred , Herrlinger Ulrich , Ringel Florian , Meyer Bernhard , Combs Stephanie E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has changed the clinical day-to-day practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) as well as to derive best practice recommendations. We compared a multi-institutional cohort with HGG (n = 251) from 03/2020 to 05/2020 (n = 119) to a historical cohort from 03/2019 to 05/2019 (n = 132). The endpoints were outcome (progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)) as well as patterns of care and time intervals between treatment steps. The median OS for WHO grade 4 gliomas was 12 months in 2019 (95% Confidence Interval 9.7–14.3 months), and not reached in 2020 (p = .026). There were no other significant differences in the Kaplan–Meier estimates for OS and PFS between cohorts of 2019 and 2020, neither did stratification by WHO grade reveal any significant differences for OS, PFS or for patterns of care. The time interval between cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and biopsy was significantly longer in 2020 cohort (11 versus 21 days, p = .031). Median follow-up was 10 months (range 0–30 months). Despite necessary disease containment policies, it is crucial to ensure that patients with HGG are treated in line with the recent guidelines and standard of care (SOC) algorithms. Therefore, we strongly suggest pursuing no changes to SOC treatment, a timely diagnosis and treatment with short time intervals between first symptoms, initial diagnosis, and treatment, as well as a guideline-based cMRI follow-up.
Preschool children aged 4 to 5 years show discomfort with trypophobic images
Authors: Suzuki Chiharu , Shirai Nobu , Sasaki Kyoshiro , Yamada Yuki , Imura Tomoko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe fear or disgust of clustered patterns, such as honeycomb or lotus seed pods, is known as trypophobia. A previous developmental study reported that 4-year-old children prefer neutral images over clustered images. However, whether those results indicated higher rating scores for trypophobic images has been controversial. In this study, we examined discomfort with trypophobic images in adults and children aged 4–9 years using an identical experimental procedure. A modified rating scale applicable for children was used that was based on the established Trypophobia Scale for adults. The participants were required to rate five trypophobic and five neutral images on four rating items (disgusting, fear, feel itchiness, and like) on a 4-point scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much). The participants in all age groups indicated higher rate scores for trypophobic images than for neutral images in terms of ‘disgust’, ‘fear’, and ‘feeling itchiness’, whereas they indicated higher scores for neutral images than for trypophobic images in terms of ‘like’. These results suggest that children aged 4–5 years have responses comparable to the responses of adults with respect to trypophobic and neutral images; thus, trypophobia appears to emerge at least by the age of 4–5 years.
Deep learning for the ovarian lesion localization and discrimination between borderline and malignant ovarian tumors based on routine MR imaging
Authors: Wang Yida , Zhang He , Wang Tianping , Yao Liangqing , Zhang Guofu , Liu Xuefen , Yang Guang , Yuan Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo establish a deep learning (DL) model in differentiating borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) from epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) on conventional MR imaging. We retrospectively enrolled 201 patients of 102 pathologically proven BOTs and 99 EOCs at OB/GYN hospital Fudan University, between January 2015 and December 2017. All imaging data were reviewed on picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) server. Both T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) MR images were used for lesion area determination. We trained a U-net++ model with deep supervision to segment the lesion area on MR images. Then, the segmented regions were fed into a classification model based on DL network to categorize ovarian masses automatically. For ovarian lesion segmentation, the mean dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of the trained U-net++ model in the testing dataset achieved 0.73 $$\pm$$
±
0.25, 0.76 $$\pm$$
±
0.18, and 0.60 $$\pm$$
±
0.24 in the sagittal T2WI, coronal T2WI, and axial T1WI images, respectively. The DL model by combined T2WI computerized network could differentiate BOT from EOC with a significantly higher AUC of 0.87, an accuracy of 83.7%, a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 87.5%. In comparison, the AUC yielded by radiologist was only 0.75, with an accuracy of 75.5%, a sensitivity of 96.0% and specificity of 54.2% (P < 0.001).The trained DL network model derived from routine MR imaging could help to distinguish BOT from EOC with a high accuracy, which was superior to radiologists’ assessment.
Protective effects of Pudilan Tablets against osteoarthritis in mice induced by monosodium iodoacetate
Authors: Fang Zhizheng , Li Xiangyu , Lei Shujun , Feng Shibin , Zhou Chenyu , Tong Xiaohui , Han Rongchun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a complicated disorder that is the most prevalent chronic degenerative joint disease nowadays. Pudilan Tablets (PDL) is a prominent traditional Chinese medicine formula used in clinical settings to treat chronic inflammatory illnesses. However, there is currently minimal fundamental research on PDL in the therapy of joint diseases. As a result, this study looked at the anti-inflammatory and anti-OA properties of PDL in vitro and in vivo, as well as the mechanism of PDL in the treatment of OA. We investigated the anti-OA properties of PDL in OA mice that were generated by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). All animals were administered PDL (2 g/kg or 4 g/kg) or the positive control drug, indomethacin (150 mg/kg), once daily for a total of 28 days starting on the day of MIA injection. The CCK-8 assay was used to test the vitality of PDL-treated RAW264.7 cells in vitro. RAW264.7 cells that had been activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of PDL. In the MIA-induced OA model mice, PDL reduced pain, decreased OA-induced cartilage damages and degradation, decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum, and suppressed IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression levels in tibiofemoral joint. In RAW264.7 cells, PDL treatment prevented LPS-induced activation of the ERK/Akt signaling pathway and significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In conclusion, these results suggest that PDL is involved in combating the development and progression of OA, exerts a powerful anti-inflammatory effect on the knee joint, and may be a promising candidate for the treatment of OA.
CD47 antisense oligonucleotide treatment attenuates obesity and its-associated metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Gwag Taesik , Li Dong , Ma Eric , Guo Zhenheng , Liang Ying , Wang Shuxia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrevious study from our lab has revealed a new role of CD47 in regulating adipose tissue function, energy homeostasis and the development of obesity and metabolic disease in CD47 deficient mice. In this study, the therapeutic potential of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting to CD47 in obesity and its-associated complications was determined in two obese mouse models (diet induced and genetic models). In diet induced obesity, male C57BL6 mice were fed with high fat (HF) diet to induce obesity and then treated with CD47ASO or control ASO for 8 weeks. In genetic obese mouse model, male six-week old ob/ob mice were treated with ASOs for 9 weeks. We found that CD47ASO treatment reduced HF diet-induced weight gain, decreased fat mass, prevented dyslipidemia, and improved glucose tolerance. These changes were accompanied by reduced inflammation in white adipose tissue and decreased hepatic steatosis. This protection was also seen in CD47ASO treated ob/ob mice. Mechanistically, CD47ASO treatment increased mice physical activity and energy expenditure, contributing to weight loss and improved metabolic outcomes in obese mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CD47ASO might serve as a new treatment option for obesity and its-associated metabolic complications.
Translating transcriptomic findings from cancer model systems to humans through joint dimension reduction
Authors: Price Brandon A. , Marron J. S. , Mose Lisle E. , Perou Charles M. , Parker Joel S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractModel systems are an essential resource in cancer research. They simulate effects that we can infer into humans, but come at a risk of inaccurately representing human biology. This inaccuracy can lead to inconclusive experiments or misleading results, urging the need for an improved process for translating model system findings into human-relevant data. We present a process for applying joint dimension reduction (jDR) to horizontally integrate gene expression data across model systems and human tumor cohorts. We then use this approach to combine human TCGA gene expression data with data from human cancer cell lines and mouse model tumors. By identifying the aspects of genomic variation joint-acting across cohorts, we demonstrate how predictive modeling and clinical biomarkers from model systems can be improved.
Non-lethal fungal infection could reduce aggression towards strangers in ants
Authors: Csata Enikő , Casacci Luca Pietro , Ruther Joachim , Bernadou Abel , Heinze Jürgen , Markó Bálint 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany parasites interfere with the behaviour of their hosts. In social animals, such as ants, parasitic interference can cause changes on the level of the individual and also on the level of the society. The ant-parasitic fungusRickia wasmanniiinfluences the behaviour ofMyrmicaants by expanding the host’s nestmate recognition template, thereby increasing the chance of the colony accepting infected non-nestmates. Infected ants consistently show an increase of the alkane tricosane (n-C23) in their cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. Although experimental application of single compounds often elicits aggression towards manipulated ants, we hypothesized that the increase ofn-C23 might underlie the facilitated acceptance of infected non-nestmates. To test this, we mimicked fungal infection inM. scabrinodisby applying syntheticn-C23 to fresh ant corpses and observed the reaction of infected and uninfected workers to control and manipulated corpses. Infected ants appeared to be more peaceful towards infected but not uninfected non-nestmates. Addingn-C23 to uninfected corpses resulted in reduced aggression in uninfected ants. This supports the hypothesis thatn-C23 acts as a ‘pacifying’ signal. Our study indicates that parasitic interference with the nestmate discrimination of host ants might eventually change colony structure by increasing genetic heterogeneity in infected colonies.
i-Motif folding intermediates with zero-nucleotide loops are trapped by 2′-fluoroarabinocytidine via F···H and O···H hydrogen bonds
Authors: El-Khoury Roberto , Macaluso Veronica , Hennecker Christopher , Mittermaier Anthony K. , Orozco Modesto , González Carlos , Garavís Miguel , Damha Masad J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractG-quadruplex and i-motif nucleic acid structures are believed to fold through kinetic partitioning mechanisms. Such mechanisms explain the structural heterogeneity of G-quadruplex metastable intermediates which have been extensively reported. On the other hand, i-motif folding is regarded as predictable, and research on alternative i-motif folds is limited. While TC5normally folds into a stable tetrameric i-motif in solution, we report that 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoroarabinocytidine (araF-C) substitutions can prompt TC5to form an off-pathway and kinetically-trapped dimeric i-motif, thereby expanding the scope of i-motif folding landscapes. This i-motif is formed by two strands, associated head-to-head, and featuring zero-nucleotide loops which have not been previously observed. Through spectroscopic and computational analyses, we also establish that the dimeric i-motif is stabilized by fluorine and non-fluorine hydrogen bonds, thereby explaining the superlative stability of araF-C modified i-motifs. Comparative experimental findings suggest that the strength of these interactions depends on the flexible sugar pucker adopted by the araF-C residue. Overall, the findings reported here provide a new role for i-motifs in nanotechnology and also pose the question of whether unprecedented i-motif folds may exist in vivo.
Facile synthesis of lead–tin nanoparticles for electrocatalyzing carbon dioxide reduction to formate
Authors: Wang Qilong , Guan Yayu , Yan Jiaying , Liu Yuyu , Shao Qinsi , Ning Fanghua , Yi Jin 
Published: February 2023

Pb–Sn catalysts were synthesized via facile chemical reduction for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.
A robust RGB‐D visual odometry with moving object detection in dynamic indoor scenes
Authors: Zhang Xianglong , Yu Haiyang , Zhuang Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSimultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) are the basis for many robotic applications. As the front end of SLAM, visual odometry is mainly used to estimate camera pose. In dynamic scenes, classical methods are deteriorated by dynamic objects and cannot achieve satisfactory results. In order to improve the robustness of visual odometry in dynamic scenes, this paper proposed a dynamic region detection method based on RGB‐D images. Firstly, all feature points on the RGB image are classified as dynamic and static using a triangle constraint and the epipolar geometric constraint successively. Meanwhile, the depth image is clustered using the K‐Means method. The classified feature points are mapped to the clustered depth image, and a dynamic or static label is assigned to each cluster according to the number of dynamic feature points. Subsequently, a dynamic region mask for the RGB image is generated based on the dynamic clusters in the depth image, and the feature points covered by the mask are all removed. The remaining static feature points are applied to estimate the camera pose. Finally, some experimental results are provided to demonstrate the feasibility and performance.
Global path guided vehicle obstacle avoidance path planning with artificial potential field method
Authors: Chen Yangde , Wang Peiliang , Lin Zichen , Sun Chenhao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn artificial potential field method based on global path guidance (G‐APF) is proposed for target unreachability and local minima problems of the conventional artificial potential field (APF) method in complex environments with dynamic obstacles. First, for the target unreachability problem, the global path attraction is added to the APF; second, an obstacle detection optimisation method is proposed and the optimal virtual target point is selected by setting the evaluation function to improve the local minima problem; finally, based on the obstacle detection optimisation method, the gravitational and repulsive processes are improved so that the path can pass through the narrow channel smoothly and remain collision‐free. Experiments show that the method optimises 40.8% of the total path corners, reduces 81.8% of the number of path oscillations, and shortens 4.3% of the path length in Map 1. It can be applied to the vehicle obstacle avoidance path planning problem in complex environments with dynamic obstacles.
Differential protection strategy for distribution network based on 5G communication
Authors: Zhiren Liu , Weilin Tong , Mingjun Xue , Chuyuan Xiang , Yinian Qi , Dong Chen , Bin Hu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the high penetration of distributed generation and gradual increase in loop network structures, existing over‐current protection in distribution networks is difficult to apply. The use of current differential protection has become an ideal solution, and high performance and commercialization of 5G communication provides an effective way to solve the problem of differential protection channel transmission. Aiming at distribution network differential protection based on 5G, this paper adopted an adaptive frequency conversion transmission mechanism to significantly reduce the data flow of differential protection. In terms of protection strategy, the differential allowable signal and the differential protection startup logic are separated, and a novel action method and protection logic suitable for weak infeed distribution networks are proposed. The strategy significantly shortens the protection action time under wireless communication. Furthermore, a comprehensive synchronization scheme using zero‐crossing synchronization of forward sampling points and cycle numbers based on the second pulse signal was established. This scheme can effectively improve the reliability of data synchronization for differential protection. Finally, the method proposed in this study was verified using the dynamic model experiment of real‐time digital simulation (RTDS).