bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there an association between plantar fasciitis and knee osteoarthritis?
Authors: Miladi Saoussen , Bouzid Sirine , Fazaa Alia , Boussaa Hiba , Makhlouf Yasmine , Souabni Leila , Ouenniche Kmar , Kassab Salma , Chekili Salma , Ben Abdelghani Kaouther , Laatar Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (OA) and plantar fasciitis share similar risk factors including ageing, occupation, obesity, and inappropriate shoe wear. However, the association between knee OA and heel pain caused by plantar fasciitis has received limited attention to date.AimWe aimed to assess the prevalence of plantar fasciitis using ultrasound in patients with knee OA and to identify factors associated with plantar fasciitis in these patients.Patients and methodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study including patients with Knee OA, fulfiling the European League Against Rheumatism criteria. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) and the Lequesne indexes were used to evaluate pain and function of the knees. The Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI) was used to estimate foot pain and disability. Each patient underwent a physical examination, plain radiographs of the knees and the heels, and an ultrasound examination of both heels to find signs of plantar fasciitis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.ResultsWe included 40 knee OA patients, with a mean age of 59.85 ± 9.65 years [32–74] and a male‐to‐female ratio of 0.17. The mean WOMAC was 34.03 ± 19.9 [4–75]. The mean Lequesne for knees was 9.62 ± 4.57 [3–16.5]. Among our patients, 52% (n = 21) experienced heel pain. The heel pain was severe in 19% (n = 4). The mean MFPDI was 4.67 ± 4.16 [0–8]. Limited ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion were noted in 47% of patients (n = 17) each. High and low arch deformities were seen in 23% (n = 9) and 40% (n = 16) of patients. Ultrasound revealed a thickened plantar fascia in 62% (n = 25). An abnormal hypoechoic plantar fascia was noted in 47% (n = 19), with the loss of normal fibrillar architecture in 12 cases (30%). No Doppler signal was exhibited. Patients with plantar fasciitis had significantly limited dorsiflexion (n = 2 (13%) versus n = 15 (60%), p = 0.004) and plantar flexion (n = 3 (20%) versus n = 14 (56%), p = 0.026). The range of supination was also less important in the plantar fasciitis group (17.73 ± 4.1 vs. 12.8 ± 6.46, p = 0.027). The low arch was statistically more present in patients with plantar fasciitis (G1: 36% [n = 9] vs. G0: 0% [n = 0], p = 0.015). However, the high arch deformity was statistically more present in patients without plantar fasciitis (G1: 28% [n = 7] vs. G0: 60% [n = 9], p = 0.046). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factor for plantar fasciitis in knee OA patients was limited dorsiflexion (OR = 3.889, 95% CI [0.017–0.987], p = 0.049).ConclusionIn conclusion, our work showed that plantar fasciitis is frequent in knee OA patients, with reduced ankle dorsiflexion being the main risk factor for plantar fasciitis in these patients.
An improved coupling of 3D state‐based peridynamics with high‐order 1D finite elements to reduce spurious effects at interfaces
Authors: Scabbia F. , Enea M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeridynamics (PD) is a nonlocal continuum theory capable of handling fracture mechanisms with ease. However, its use involves high computational costs. On the other hand, Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) allows one to use one‐dimensional high‐order finite elements, resulting in excellent accuracy while improving computational efficiency. To address the high computational cost of solving fracture problems, a coupling technique between these two theories is necessary. Various approaches have been proposed to couple peridynamic grids with finite element meshes in the literature. However, most of these approaches are affected by arbitrary choices of blending functions and tuning parameters or exhibit spurious effects at the interfaces. To overcome these issues, we propose a simple coupling technique based on overlapping PD/CUF regions and continuity of the displacement field at the interfaces. This approach is verified through static analysis of classical beams and thin‐walled structures with applications in the aerospace industry.
Patient engagement practice within perinatal eHealth: A scoping review
Authors: Auxier Jennifer N. , Bender Miriam , Hakojärvi Henna‐Riikka , Axelin Anna M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is a gap in knowledge about how perinatal eHealth programs function to support autonomy for new and expectant parents from pursuing wellness goals.ObjectivesTo examine patient engagement (access, personalization, commitment and therapeutic alliance) within the practice of perinatal eHealth.DesignScoping review.MethodsFive databases were searched in January 2020 and updated in April 2022. Reports were vetted by three researchers and included if they documented maternity/neonatal programs and utilized World Health Organization (WHO) person‐centred digital health intervention (DHI) categories. Data were charted using a deductive matrix containing WHO DHI categories and patient engagement attributes. A narrative synthesis was conducted utilizing qualitative content analysis. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses ‘extension for scoping reviews’ guidelines were followed for reporting.ResultsTwelve eHealth modalities were found across 80 included articles. The analysis yielded two conceptual insights: (1) The nature of perinatal eHealth programs: (1) emergence of a complex structure of practice and (2) practising patient engagement within perinatal eHealth.ConclusionResults will be used to operationalize a model of patient engagement within perinatal eHealth.
Hypertension literacy: Concept analysis
Authors: Konlan Kennedy Diema , Lee Hyeonkyeong , Choi Eun Kyoung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimAnalysis of the concept of hypertension literacy to ensure clarity, reduce ambiguities and promote consistency in usage.DesignWalker and Avant's concept analysis method was adopted.MethodsSearched four electronic databases using keywords combined with the appropriate Boolean operators. After removing duplicates, thirty titles were identified, and ten articles met the basic criteria for inclusion. The analysis was done using a convergent synthesis design to integrate results and transform them into qualitative descriptions.ResultsHypertension literacy's defining attributes were hypertension information search skills, comprehension of numeracy associated with blood pressure and medication and utilization of hypertension prevention information. The identified antecedents were formal education and improved cognitive, social, economic and health‐related experiences. Consequences of hypertension literacy included improved self‐reported and increased health awareness. Hypertension literacy allows nurses to assess and accurately improve knowledge and facilitate people to adopt prevention behaviours.
‘Everything that's said comes from me’: New fathers' experiences of individual conversations with the child health nurse
Authors: Massoudi Pamela , Wikerstål Amanda , Carlsson Viktor , Gunnarsson A. Birgitta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimSwedish Child Health Services provide regular health surveillance of children 0–5 years and support to parents, with the aim to contribute to equitable child healthcare and to promote physical, emotional, and social health for children. Individual conversations with the child health nurse, including screening for postnatal depression, have been recommended and well implemented for mothers, whereas routines for a visit specifically for the nonbirthing parent vary and are not well studied. The aim of this study was therefore to explore how nonbirthing parents experienced individual conversations with their child health nurse, held 3 months after the birth of their child.DesignQualitative interview study.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 16 fathers who had participated in individual conversations with a nurse at their child health centre, 3 months post‐partum. Data were analysed with qualitative content analysis. The study adhered to the COREQ checklist for qualitative studies.ResultsThe findings are presented in three categories: ‘Being invited into a supportive context’, ‘Talking about what was important’ and ‘Taking it home’, each of them including three subcategories. The individual conversations, without the mother present, made the fathers feel important and allowed for a different type of content, tailored to their own needs. The conversations were validating and led to changes in daily routines with their child for some fathers.
Optimal allocation of nature‐based solutions to achieve climate mitigation and adaptation goals
Authors: Villarreal‐Rosas Jaramar , Rhodes Jonathan R. , Sonter Laura J. , Possingham Hugh P. , Vogl Adrian L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Nature‐based solutions (NbS) can prevent further climate change and increase local communities' capacity to adapt to the current impacts of climate change. However, the benefits obtained from implementing NbS are not distributed equally across people. Thus, it is key to further understand how people are impacted when implementing NbS.

We developed a multi‐objective prioritization approach to identify changes in (i) the biophysical provision of ecosystem services, (ii) optimal allocation of NbS and (iii) monetary benefits when targeting climate mitigation versus climate adaptation goals. We used the increase in metric tons of carbon storage as representative of climate mitigation and the decrease in on‐site and downstream tons of sediment per year as representative of climate adaptation.

Planning strategies that target climate mitigation or climate adaptation goals separately represent a loss of between 30% and 60% of the maximum possible carbon sequestration or sediment retention benefits. Conversely, targeting climate mitigation and climate adaptation goals at the same time captured more than 90% of the maximum possible benefits for all objectives.

Priority NbS in the mitigation planning strategy included soil and water conservation and forest rehabilitation, while priority NbS in the adaptation planning strategy included grassland rehabilitation and hill terrace improvement.

Targeting mitigation and adaptation goals at the same time captures 35M USD (89% of the maximum attainable) in value of carbon restored and retained, and 2M USD (100% of the maximum attainable) of avoided maintenance costs to the KGA hydropower plant. Conversely, failing to incorporate adaptation goals when developing climate plans only captures 1M of avoided maintenance costs to the KGA hydropower plant.

Our approach can be replicated in other locations to promote cost‐effective investments in NbS able to secure both global and local benefits to people. This can improve the outcomes of international climate change financial schemes like the Green Climate Fund and the UN‐REDD+ program.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
A patient with dyskeratosis congenita and portal hypertension
Authors: Wei Min , Liu Yuanyuan , Li Jinhou , Wang Hongxia , Gao Yanjing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPortal hypertension (PH) refers to a collection of syndromes characterized by an increase in pressure within the portal venous system and/or elevated portal venous blood flow, most commonly caused by cirrhosis. This condition is frequently associated with viral hepatitis and chronic alcohol abuse, and its complications, such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and esophageal varices, have a considerable impact on mortality. Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple systems, most notably manifesting as dystrophy of the fingernails and toenails, skin pigmentation, and mucosal leukoplakia. While cirrhotic PH is an uncommon complication of DC, we present a case of a young patient who presented with PH and had no history of hepatitis or heavy alcohol use. The patient underwent splenectomy and devascularization to treat hypersplenism and esophagogastric varices caused by PH but developed portal vein thrombosis following the surgery. Given the patient's cutaneous manifestations and cirrhosis that could not be attributed to common causes, we continued to search for the underlying cause of PH until the diagnosis of DC was finally made. The patient was subsequently treated with carvedilol to prevent variceal rebleeding and showed no significant complications or bleeding during follow‐up.
Little tools, big job: The periglacial conveyor system in cryoplanated uplands
Authors: Mitchell Raven J. , Nelson Frederick E. , Nyland Kelsey E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mechanisms of sediment removal associated with the nivation process suite are underinvestigated, a situation that hinders development of a unified, coherent theory of cryoplanation terrace formation. This study links sorted stripes—a type of periglacial patterned ground frequently encountered on cryoplanation terrace treads—to active hydrologic networks capable of transporting large quantities of fine sediments on periglacial hillslopes. Traditional interpretations hold that the presence of sorted patterned ground indicates geomorphic quiescence, a view that has contributed to the dismissal of these features as a factor in the formation of erosional periglacial topography. We address the geomorphic role of sorted stripes as fluvial features by investigating their hydrologic potential for transporting weathered material across and off developing cryoplanation terraces. Flow modeling and watershed geomorphometric analyses were conducted using a high‐resolution digital elevation model of a large cryoplanation terrace in a geomorphically active periglacial upland near Atlin, British Columbia, Canada. Results demonstrate the landscape‐scale spatial organization and geomorphic effectiveness of sorted‐stripe networks—“little tools”—for transporting water and suspended sediment across large cryoplanated surfaces. We present a qualitative model of sediment production and transportation, “the periglacial conveyor system,” that outlines erosional processes responsible for cryoplanation terrace formation and defines the distinctive hydrologic–geomorphic imprint imparted by sorted stripes on periglacial hillslopes.
Evolution of affinity between p53 transactivation domain and MDM2 across the animal kingdom demonstrates high plasticity of motif‐mediated interactions
Authors: Mihalič Filip , Åberg Emma , Farkhondehkish Pouria , Theys Niels , Andersson Eva , Jemth Per 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe interaction between the transcription factor p53 and the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 results in the degradation of p53 and is well‐studied in cancer biology and drug development. Available sequence data suggest that both p53 and MDM2‐family proteins are present across the animal kingdom. However, the interacting regions are missing in some animal groups, and it is not clear whether MDM2 interacts with, and regulates p53 in all species. We used phylogenetic analyses and biophysical measurements to examine the evolution of affinity between the interacting protein regions: a conserved 12‐residue intrinsically disordered binding motif in the p53 transactivation domain (TAD) and the folded SWIB domain of MDM2. The affinity varied significantly across the animal kingdom. The p53TAD/MDM2 interaction among jawed vertebrates displayed high affinity, in particular for chicken and human proteins (KD around 0.1 μM). The affinity of the bay mussel p53TAD/MDM2 complex was lower (KD = 15 μM) and those from a placozoan, an arthropod, and a jawless vertebrate were very low or non‐detectable (KD > 100 μM). Binding experiments with reconstructed ancestral p53TAD/MDM2 variants suggested that a micromolar affinity interaction was present in the ancestral bilaterian animal and was later enhanced in tetrapods while lost in other linages. The different evolutionary trajectories of p53TAD/MDM2 affinity during speciation demonstrate high plasticity of motif‐mediated interactions and the potential for rapid adaptation of p53 regulation during times of change. Neutral drift in unconstrained disordered regions may underlie the plasticity and explain the observed low sequence conservation in TADs such as p53TAD.
18F‐sodium fluoride positron emission tomography quantitation of bone metastases in African American and non‐African American men with metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Hazelton Julian , Kim Seongho , Boerner Julie L. , Podgorski Izabela , Perk Timothy , Cackowski Frank , Aoun Hussein D. , Heath Elisabeth I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBone is the most common site of metastases in men with prostate cancer. The objective of this study was to explore potential racial differences in the distribution of tumor metastases in the axial and appendicular skeleton.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients with metastatic prostate cancer to the bone as detected by 18F‐sodium fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐NaF PET/CT) scans. In addition to describing patients' demographics and clinical characteristics, the metastatic bone lesions, and healthy bone regions were detected and quantified volumetrically using a quantitative imaging platform (TRAQinform IQ, AIQ Solutions).ResultsForty men met the inclusion criteria with 17 (42%) identifying as African Americans and 23 (58%) identifying as non‐African Americans. Most of the patients had axial (skull, ribcage, and spine) disease. The location and the number of lesions in the skeleton of metastatic prostate cancer patients with low disease burden were not different by race.ConclusionsIn low‐disease burden patients with metastatic prostate cancer, there were no overall differences by race in the location and number of lesions in axial or appendicular skeleton. Therefore, given equal access to molecular imaging, African Americans might derive similar benefits. Whether this holds true for patients with a higher disease burden or for other molecular imaging techniques is a topic for further study.
Micron‐Thick Interlocked Carbon Nanotube Films with Excellent Impact Resistance via Micro‐Ballistic Impact
Authors: Xiao Kailu , Zhang Pengfei , Hu Dongmei , Huang Chenguang , Wu Xianqian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe highest specific energy absorption (SEA) of interlocked micron‐thickness carbon nanotube (IMCNT) films subjected to micro‐ballistic impact is reported in this paper. The SEA of the IMCNT films ranges from 0.8 to 1.6 MJ kg−1, the greatest value for micron‐thickness films to date. The multiple deformation‐induced dissipation channels at the nanoscale involving disorder‐to‐order transition, frictional sliding, and entanglement of CNT fibrils contribute to the ultra‐high SEA of the IMCNT. Furthermore, an anomalous thickness dependency of the SEA is observed, that is, the SEA increases with increasing thickness, which should be ascribed to the exponential growth in nano‐interface that further boosts the energy dissipation efficiency as the film thickness increases. The results indicate that the developed IMCNT overcomes the size‐dependent impact resistance of traditional materials and demonstrates great potential as a bulletproof material for high‐performance flexible armor.
Mechanism of cognitive impairment induced by d‐galactose and l‐glutamate through gut–brain interaction in tree shrews
Authors: Wang Limei , Lu Jingli , Yang Yi , Zhao Yulan , Wang Peijin , Jiao Jianlin , Zheng Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstractd‐Galactose (d‐gal) and l‐glutamate (l‐glu) impair learning and memory. The mechanism of interaction between the gut microbiome and brain remains unclear. In this study, a model of cognitive impairment was induced in tree shrews by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of d‐gal (600 mg/kg/day), intragastric (ig) administration with l‐glu (2000 mg/kg/day), and the combination of d‐gal (ip, 600 mg/kg/day) and l‐glu (ig, 2000 mg/kg/day). The cognitive function of tree shrews was tested by the Morris water maze method. The expression of Aβ1‐42 proteins, the intestinal barrier function proteins occludin and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), and the inflammatory factors NF‐κB, TLR2, and IL‐18 was determined by immunohistochemistry. The gut microbiome was analyzed by 16SrRNA high‐throughput sequencing. After administering d‐gal and l‐glu, the escape latency increased (p < .01), and the times of crossing the platform decreased (p < .01). These changes were greater in the combined administration of d‐gal and l‐glu (p < .01). The expression of Aβ1‐42 was higher in the perinuclear region of the cerebral cortex (p < .01) and intestinal cell (p < .05). There was a positive correlation between the cerebral cortex and intestinal tissue. Moreover, the expression of NF‐κB, TLR2, IL‐18, and P‐gp was higher in the intestine (p < .05), while the expression of occludin and the diversity of gut microbes were lower, which altered the biological barrier of intestinal mucosal cells. This study indicated that d‐gal and l‐glu could induce cognitive impairment, increase the expression of Aβ1‐42 in the cerebral cortex and intestinal tissue, decrease the gut microbial diversity, and alter the expression of inflammatory factors in the mucosal intestines. The dysbacteriosis may produce inflammatory cytokines to modulate neurotransmission, causing the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. This study provides a theoretical basis to explore the mechanism of learning and memory impairment through the interaction of microbes in the gut and the brain.
Recent Advances in Visible Light‐Mediated Radical Fluoro‐alkylation, ‐alkoxylation, ‐alkylthiolation, ‐alkylselenolation, and ‐alkylamination
Authors: Lin Daniel , Coe Matthew , Krishnamurti Vinayak , Ispizua‐Rodriguez Xanath , Surya Prakash G. K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the last few years, many reagents and protocols have been developed to allow for the efficient fluorofunctionalization of a diverse set of scaffolds ranging from alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and (hetero)arenes. The concomitant rise of organofluorine chemistry and visible light‐mediated synthesis have synergistically expanded the fields and have mutually benefitted from developments in both fields. In this context, visible light driven formations of radicals containing fluorine have been a major focus for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. This review details the recent advances and progress made in visible light‐mediated fluoroalkylation and heteroatom centered radical generation.