bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of photocrosslinking peptide ligands by mRNA display
Authors: Wu Yuteng , Bertran M. Teresa , Joshi Dhira , Maslen Sarah L. , Hurd Catherine , Walport Louise J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhotoaffinity labelling is a promising method for studying protein-ligand interactions. However, obtaining a specific, efficient crosslinker can require significant optimisation. We report a modified mRNA display strategy, photocrosslinking-RaPID (XL-RaPID), and exploit its ability to accelerate the discovery of cyclic peptides that photocrosslink to a target of interest. As a proof of concept, we generated a benzophenone-containing library and applied XL-RaPID screening against a model target, the second bromodomain of BRD3. This crosslinking screening gave two optimal candidates that selectively labelled the target protein in cell lysate. Overall, this work introduces direct photocrosslinking screening as a versatile technique for identifying covalent peptide ligands from mRNA display libraries incorporating reactive warheads.
Environmental conditions are the dominant factor influencing stability of terrestrial ecosystems on the Tibetan plateau
Authors: Ren Liang , Huo Jiaxuan , Xiang Xiang , Pan Yingping , Li Yuanqiao , Wang Yuanyuan , Meng Dehui , Yu Cheng , Chen Yang , Xu Zichao , Huang Yongmei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEcosystem stability is essential for the sustainable provision of diverse ecosystem services. However, the factors that maintain ecosystem stability and their relative importance on the Tibetan Plateau, a region sensitive to climate change, remain unclear. Here, we combined data from ground-based biodiversity surveys at 143 sites from 2019 to 2021 with the temporal stability of ecosystems derived from remote sensing data from 2000 to 2020 to disentangle mechanisms of diversity–stability relationships. We further quantified the impact of biodiversity (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity) and environmental context (spatial location, climate, and soil conditions) on temporal stability. Our results show that the stability of a typical ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau is mainly regulated by environmental factors, and the environmental context can directly affect the stability of the ecosystem rather than indirectly through biodiversity. These findings are critical for adaptation measures and prioritizing conservation areas for future climate change scenarios.
Gravity field changes reveal deep mass transfer before and after the 2013 Lushan earthquake
Authors: Wang Linhai , Chen Shi , Zhuang Jiancang , Zhang Bei , Shi Wen , Yang Jinling , Xu Weimin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe 2013 MS7.0 Lushan earthquake, Sichuan, China, occurred on a blind thrust fault in the southern Longmenshan fault belt. The terrestrial hybrid repeated gravity observation enables us to investigate the redistribution of both surface and deep mass. Here, we find a transient increase in the gravity field about 2 years before the earthquake and a drop after the mainshock. A Bayesian inversion method with spatiotemporal smoothness is employed to extract the apparent density changes. The increase of apparent density on the south of the focal zone is assumed to be related to crustal mass transfer. We introduce a disc-shaped equivalent source model with a homogeneous density to address this hypothesis, and estimate the model parameters by Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations. As a fluid diffusion footprint is indicated by the seismicity migration in this region, with a fitted diffusion rate of 10 m2 s−1, we conclude that such deep crustal mass transfer may be caused by fluid diffusion.
Reduced selection for antibiotic resistance in community context is maintained despite pressure by additional antibiotics
Authors: Fang Peiju , Elena Alan Xavier , Kunath Maxi Antonia , Berendonk Thomas U , Klümper Uli 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Selection for antibiotic resistance at very low antibiotic concentrations has been demonstrated for individual antibiotics in single species experiments. Furthermore, selection in these focal strains is reduced when taking place in complex microbial community context. However, in the environment, bacteria are rarely exposed to single, but rather complex mixtures of selective agents. Here, we explored how the presence of a second selective agent affects selection dynamics between isogenic pairs of focal E. coli strains, differing exclusively in a single resistance determinant, in the absence and presence of a model wastewater community across a gradient of antibiotics. An additional antibiotic that exclusively affects the model wastewater community, but to which the focal strains are resistant to, was chosen as the second selective agent. This allowed exploring how inhibition alters the community’s ability to reduce selection. In the presence of the community, the selection coefficient at specific antibiotic concentrations was consistently decreased compared to the absence of the community. While pressure through the second antibiotic significantly decreased the activity and diversity of the community, its ability to reduce selection was consistently maintained at levels comparable to those recorded in absence of the second antibiotic. This indicates that the observed effects of community context on selection dynamics are rather based on competitive or protective effects between the focal strains and a small proportion of bacteria within the community, than on general competition for nutrients. These findings have implications for our understanding of the evolution and selection for multi-drug resistant strains.
Ethereum phishing detection based on graph neural networks
Authors: Xiong Ao , Tong Yuanzheng , Jiang Chengling , Guo Shaoyong , Shao Sujie , Huang Jing , Wang Wei , Qi Baozhen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the development of blockchain, cryptocurrencies are also showing a boom. However, due to the decentralized and anonymous nature of blockchain, cryptocurrencies have inevitably become a hotbed for fraudulent crimes. For example, phishing scams are frequent, which not only jeopardize the financial security of blockchain, but also hinder the promotion of blockchain technology. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a graph neural network‐based phishing detection method for Ethereum, and validates it using Ethereum datasets. Specifically, this paper proposes a feature learning algorithm named TransWalk, which consists of a random walk strategy for transaction networks and a multi‐scale feature extraction method for Ethereum. Then, an Ethereum phishing fraud detection framework is built based on TransWalk, and conduct extensive experiments on the Ethereum dataset to verify the effectiveness of this scheme in identifying Ethereum phishing detection.
Low‐complexity user scheduling for LEO satellite communications
Authors: Wu Shiyu , Sun Gangle , Wang Yafei , You Li , Wang Wenjin , Ding Rui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the increasing number of user terminals (UTs), the interference among UTs might significantly decrease the throughput of the low earth orbit satellite communication system. In this paper, the user scheduling method is investigated to suppress user interference. Specifically, leveraging the strong spatial directivity of satellite channels, a low‐complexity angle‐based orthogonal user selection (AOUS) algorithm is proposed, which selects UTs with nearly orthogonal channels via angle information of UTs. A rate‐based proportionally fair (PF)‐AOUS algorithm is further proposed to ensure fairness among UTs, which combines the AOUS with the PF criterion. To reduce complexity, an improved angle‐based PF‐AOUS algorithm that schedules UTs according to their pitch angles rather than their rates is proposed. In addition, efficient precoding schemes for orthogonal UTs are designed by combining the steering vector and power allocation matrix, and it is shown that precoding can be converted into power allocation problems that further balance fairness and throughput. The numerical results indicate that the AOUS achieves a near‐optimal sum rate performance, and the angle‐based PF‐AOUS has the similar performance to the rate‐based PF‐AOUS, which achieves a high fairness index with the proposed precoding scheme.
Hybrid pooling and channel attention‐based single‐shot detector for printed circuit board defect detection
Authors: Feng Bixian , Cai Jueping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAutomatic defect detection is a key but challenging technology for managing printed circuit board (PCB) production quality. In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) have attracted considerable attention for PCB defect detection. However, due to the complexity, diversity, and small‐scale characteristics of defects, it remains a challenge. In this letter, a single‐shot detector (SSD)‐based defects detection method is proposed. This method treats the test and template image as a single image with two channels. In order to reduce the information loss caused by the traditional pooling methods, a new pooling method combining three types of pooling features is proposed. To further improve the detection performance, the channel attention (CA) mechanism is introduced into the detection network. Our proposed method achieves 99.64% mean average precision (mAP) on the DeepPCB dataset, which surpasses the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Two‐layer modelling of IEEE 802.11x channel occupancy
Authors: Bang Jae‐Seok , Han Jin‐Seok , Lee Yong‐Hwan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLow power IoT communication signals (e.g., Bluetooth and ZigBee) may seriously suffer from the presence of high‐power co‐channel interference like wireless local area network (WLAN) signal. They may effectively avoid WLAN interference by exploiting dynamic characteristics of WLAN traffic. Representing the arrival/departure of WLAN users using an M/M/m/m queueing structure, the characterization of large‐scale dynamics of WLAN channel occupancy is considered. The characterization of small‐scale dynamics of WLAN channel occupancy is also considered by generating WLAN signal using a two‐state semi‐Markovian process. Simulation results show that the proposed model generates WLAN signal having similar statistical characteristics to those of real WLAN signal.
FPGA based real‐time inference machine for A‐mode ultrasonic echo pattern recognition
Authors: Lee Young‐Chan , Um Ji‐Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis brief proposes a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based real‐time inference machine for A‐mode ultrasonic echo pattern recognition. The proposed scheme can aid a probe positioning of single‐transducer based ultrasound devices by detecting specific echo patterns on a scanline. The inference machine is based on a combination of a support vector machine and a finite state machine. The proposed inference machine utilizes a minimal pre‐processing for a feature extraction, considering a nature of distinctive echo patterns. In addition, a primary computation of linear support vector machine is performed sequentially, and the finite state machine for robust binary classification is relatively compact. As a result, the overall structure of the inference machine can be concisely implemented on FPGA. The proposed inference machine was assembled with a customized A‐mode ultrasound scanner. The maximum utilization percentage of look‐up‐tables in FPGA was less than 1.5%. In evaluation of inferences, the resultant sensitivity and the specificity were 96.2% and 99.87%, respectively.
Design of a reliable and coordinated protection strategy for zonal shipboard power systems
Authors: Mohammadzamani Mehdi , Sadeghkhani Iman , Moazzami Majid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe reliable performance of the shipboard power system (SPS) is essential for the safe and efficient operation of marine vessels. SPSs are subject to various types of electrical faults that can cause equipment failure, system downtime, and even catastrophic events. One effective way to provide redundancy and fault tolerance in the event of a fault or failure is through the use of zonal configuration. However, the protection of such systems is a challenging task due to their complex topology and the potential for multiple sources of fault. Therefore, it is imperative to protect the SPS with zonal configuration from various types of fault to ensure its continuous operation. This article presents a comprehensive coordinated protection strategy for a hybrid AC/DC SPS with the zonal configuration by using the available protective equipment. The proposed strategy consists of fault current limiting, grounding, fault detection, and faulty section isolation, and provides both primary and backup protections for all SPS equipment, including generator, busbar, line, input and output feeders, loads, propulsion motors, and DC system. Also, it does not require a comprehensive communication infrastructure and training dataset. The selective and reliable performance of the proposed protection strategy is verified through several case studies under various fault scenarios in the ETAP environment. The article provides valuable insights into the selection and implementation of appropriate protection measures for the SPS with ring configuration which are useful for the designers, operators, and maintenance personnel, improving the reliability and safety of these critical and autonomous systems.
A Mixed integer linear programming‐based distributed energy management for networked microgrids considering network operational objectives and constraints
Authors: Liu Guodong , Ferrari Maximiliano F. , Chen Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMixed integer linear programming (MILP)–based distributed energy management for networked microgrids embedded modern distribution systems is proposed. Considering the diverse ownership of microgrids, distributed energy resources (DERs) that interface directly with utilities and responsive loads, an alternating direction method of multipliers–based distributed framework was formulated for the scheduling of networked microgrids embedded modern distribution systems by adjusting nodal price signals iteratively. In addition, to make the formulated optimization problems resolvable through more accessible and popular MILP solvers, different linearisation techniques were employed to transform the nonlinear terms into linear or mixed integer linear formats. The proposed MILP‐based distributed method preserves all participants' autonomy (e.g., microgrids, DERs that interface directly with utilities and responsive loads), while incentivising them to actively participate in the distribution system operation with price signals. The proposed method is validated with results of numerical simulation using a modern distribution system consisting of multiple networked microgrids, DERs that interface directly with utilities, as well as responsive loads.
A compound‐structured piezoelectret system and its applications in wearable health monitoring
Authors: Wang Shuting , Lin Shizhe , Cao Jianglang , Li Guanglin , Fang Peng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPiezoelectrets, also called ferroelectrets, can exhibit promising piezoelectric properties and have plenty of applications in wearable health monitoring. Usually, the cellular structure of piezoelectrets is of outstanding importance for their sensing properties, and structure improvement and optimisation would be a possible way to realise high‐performance piezoelectrets. The authors proposed a compound‐structured piezoelectret system, where a layer of polypropylene foam was sandwiched between two layers of solid polytetrafluoroethylene, resulting in a combination of a foam‐structured and a layer‐structured piezoelectrets. The compound systems are thin and flexible, they can exhibit stable electrical outputs, they have relatively broader linear working range under pressure, and promising mechanical sustainability for multiple testing. The results reveal that the compound system can be considered as a simple addition of both components, and each component contributes linearly and independently to the whole system. The application potential of this proposed compound system has been demonstrated by sleep monitoring together with carotid and radial pulse recordings, where many useful physiological information including breath, heartbeat, and pulse details can be extracted from the signals acquired by the compound system. A type of flexible sensor system that is very competitive for future portable and wearable applications may be provided.
Quantum for 6G communication: A perspective
Authors: Ali Muhammad Zulfiqar , Abohmra Abdoalbaset , Usman Muhammad , Zahid Adnan , Heidari Hadi , Imran Muhammad Ali , Abbasi Qammer H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the technologically changing world, the demand for ultra‐reliable, faster, low power, and secure communication has significantly risen in recent years. Researchers have shown immense interest in emerging quantum computing (QC) due to its potentials of solving the computing complexity in the robust and efficient manner. It is envisioned that QC can act as critical enablers and strong catalysts to considerably reduce the computing complexities and boost the future of sixth generation (6G) and beyond communication systems in terms of their security. In this study, the fundamentals of QC, the evolution of quantum communication that encompasses a wide spectrum of technologies and applications and quantum key distribution, which is one of the most promising applications of quantum security, have been presented. Furthermore, various parameters and important techniques are also investigated to optimise the performance of 6G communication in terms of their security, computing, and communication efficiency. Towards the end, potential challenges that QC and quantum communication may face in 6G have been highlighted along with future directions.
Les figures de la toxicomanie et de la drogue dans une perspective historique. Quelles conséquences pour la clinique ?
Authors: Rivera-Largacha Silvia , Paredes Diego Londoño 
Published: May 2023

À travers des références historiques, nous analysons la catégorie de la drogue comme celle qui décrit des objets modernes produits dans un dispositif lié à la logique de la médecine biopathologique. Dans ce sens, ce dispositif contient des tensions sociales, politiques et économiques qui ont fait des drogues des objets à la fois fascinants et répulsifs pour les sociétés modernes. Dans la clinique des toxicomanies, ces tensions sont présentes dans la manière particulière dont les toxicomanes établissent une relation avec ces objets. Dans cette discussion entre psychanalyse et études sociales, est fait référence à la question de l’objet « Lathouse » dans le dernier enseignement de Lacan et à la notion foucaldienne du dispositif, reprise par Agamben. Nos références cliniques sont tirées d’une recherche élaborée auprès d’usagers de drogues, accueillis dans trois espaces d’attention médico-psychosocial dans le sud de la France. Nous avons mené une recherche qualitative à partir des entretiens semi-structurés et une observation de terrain pendant un an. Analysant les données obtenues à partir de l’analyse du discours dans une perspective psychanalytique, nous étudions l’interaction entre le fonctionnement psychique et les influences des discours sociaux qui sont à l’origine des formes de transfert mises en place par ces personnes dans le champ de l’accompagnement psychosocial. Nous formulons des propositions critiques à l’encontre de modèles traditionnellement ancrés dans des perspectives biopathologiques.
Ärztlich assistierter Suizid für Menschen mit psychischen Störungen
Authors: Müller Katja , Stang Philipp 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGGegenstand/Ziel: Mit dem Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts von 2020 ist der rechtliche Rahmen für assistierten Suizid grundsätzlich gegeben; jedoch sind Fragen der Indikationsstellung bei Personen mit psychischer Störung noch ungeklärt. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht daher der Debatte nach, inwiefern der Forschungsstand den Zugang zu einem ärztlich assistierten Suizid auf Grundlage einer psychischen Störung als vertretbar bewertet.Methode: Die Fragestellung wurde mittels einer selektiven Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken PubPsych und PubMed sowie durch das Schneeballsystem gefundener Studien der Länder mit Legalisierung beantwortet.Ergebnisse: Die psychiatrische Personengruppe kann anhand der gegenwärtigen Zugangsvoraussetzungen nicht kategorisch von ärztlich assistiertem Suizid ausgeschlossen werden. Der Rechtsanspruch sollte nur unter strengen Bewertungsverfahren im Rahmen zweier psychiatrischer unabhängiger Gutachten, professionellen Standards und zusätzlichen Sicherheitsvorkehrungen geltend gemacht werden.Schlussfolgerung: Es sollten berufsrechtliche Regelungen und Standards im Sinne von Leit- und Richtlinien geschaffen werden. Zudem kann ein themenspezifischer Bedarf an Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung von (Fach-)Ärzten und (Fach-)Psychotherapeuten postuliert werden.Klinische Relevanz: Das komplexe Unterfangen verlangt transparente Regelungen und Unterstützungsangebote für das Fachpersonal.
Migräne und weibliche Geschlechtshormone
Authors: Evers Stefan , Israel-Willner Heike , Raffaelli Bianca 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIn einer Gruppe aus Expertinnen und Experten aus dem Bereich der Gynäkologie und der Kopfschmerzmedizin wurden die verschiedenen Aspekte des Zusammenhangs zwischen weiblichen Geschlechtshormonen und Kopfschmerzen, insbesondere Migräne, diskutiert. Auf Grundlage einer systematischen aktuellen Literaturrecherche wurde dann ein gemeinsames Konsensuspapier erarbeitet, das diese verschiedenen Aspekte in klinischer und therapeutischer Hinsicht umfasst. Insbesondere werden Informationen und Empfehlungen zur Einnahme der oralen hormonalen Kontrazeption bei Frauen mit Migräne, zur menstruellen Migräne, zur Situation in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit, zu postmenopausalen Kopfschmerzen und zu anderen hormonellen Situationen gegeben. Es handelt sich ausdrücklich nicht um eine Leitlinie, sondern um eine selbst initiierte Konsensusfindung.
Assistierte Dialyse: Was entwickelt sich in Deutschland und darüber hinaus?
Authors: Kitsche Benno , Iseke Kerstin Brigitte , Oleimeulen Ursula 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Anwendung der Heimdialyseverfahren ist in Deutschland nach wie vor gering 1–3. Das trifft insbesondere auf die assistierte Heimdialyse zu. Dabei könnte vor dem demografischen Hintergrund, wenn in den kommenden Jahren die Babyboomer in den Ruhestand gehen, die assistierte Peritonealdialyse (asPD) eine gute Therapieoption für die steigende Zahl der dialysepflichtigen älteren Patienten sein. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die aktuelle Versorgungssituation in Deutschland und weist auf Aktivitäten hier und in den Nachbarländern hin.
Migräne: Kinderwunsch, Schwangerschaft, Stillzeit
Authors: Schultze-Mosgau Askan , Holle-Lee Dagny , Keck Christoph , Segerer Sabine , Evers Stefan 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMeist bessert sich die Migräne in der Schwangerschaft von allein. Sollte eine Akuttherapie der Migräne in der Schwangerschaft notwendig sein, sind Paracetamol und Ibuprofen (letzteres bis Woche 28) Mittel der Wahl. Alle vorliegenden Daten sprechen gegen ernsthafte Hinweise auf Teratogenität oder Embryotoxizität beim Menschen. ASS ist in der Schwangerschaft Analgetikum der zweiten Wahl. Eine „Low-dose“-Behandlung kann bei entsprechender Indikation in der ganzen Schwangerschaft durchgeführt werden. Auf die Verwendung von Metamizol sollte während der Schwangerschaft möglichst verzichtet werden. Sumatriptan ist Mittel der Wahl aus der Gruppe der Triptane zur Therapie von Migräneattacken, falls ein Triptan verwendet werden muss. Es ersetzt nicht die medikamentöse Migräneprophylaxe. Wenn eine medikamentöse Prophylaxe während einer Schwangerschaft notwendig ist, sind Betablocker Substanzen der ersten Wahl (mit der geringsten Gefährdung des Embryos oder Fötus). Amitriptylin ist Mittel der zweiten Wahl in dieser Situation, insbesondere bei komorbiden Depressionen. Alle anderen prophylaktischen Substanzen sollten nur mit äußerster Zurückhaltung eingesetzt werden.