bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robotic‐assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for synchronous pulmonary sequestration and adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: He Hao , Wu Zeyu , Hu Qikang , Peng Muyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary sequestration (PS) is a congenital pulmonary malformation. Adenocarcinoma arising in PS is extremely rare.Methods and ResultsWe present the first reported case of synchronous intralobar PS and lung adenocarcinoma in the right lower lobe, which was successfully treated using robotic‐assisted thoracic surgery (RATS). The robotic system allowed for easy identification, clipping, and dissection of the abnormal artery, highlighting its benefits over traditional surgical approaches.ConclusionsThis case underscores the importance of considering the possibility of coexisting lung cancer in patients with a clinical diagnosis of PS and demonstrates the safety and efficacy of RATS in managing this rare condition.
Material demand and material efficiency for sustainable development in the European Union countries: A stochastic frontier analysis
Authors: Alataş Sedat , Hiçyılmaz Burcu , Karakaya Etem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaterials are of great importance as they are fundamentally integrated into many different critical topics, including green transition, technological progress, industrial emissions, and supply chains. Therefore, the amount of materials we demand and employ in the production process or how efficiently we use them become highly crucial. In this paper, we study the emerging role of materials with a special focus on the key role of material efficiency (ME) in climate mitigation. To this end, we empirically investigate the main determinant of material demand and evaluate the ME performance in the European Union (EU) countries over the period of 1995–2019 based on a four‐component Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) panel data approach that separates unobserved country effects from persistent and transient inefficiency. We obtain the following outcomes. First, material demand function estimates reveal that economic growth and energy consumption are the main drivers of domestic material consumption, highlighting the need for promoting sustainable energy and economic growth. Second, although the SFA‐based ME scores significantly vary across countries, transient inefficiency is the main source of overall inefficiency for most countries, suggesting that there is considerable potential for improvement in ME. While Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Bulgaria, Cyprus, France, and Slovenia improve their ME performance over time, the ME score of some other countries, such as Ireland, Portugal, Italy, Spain, and the Slovak Republic reveal an opposite outcome. Third, the results show that material intensity is not always a good proxy for ME.
Fabrication of Patchy Silica Microspheres with Tailor‐Made Patch Functionality using Photo‐Iniferter Reversible‐Addition‐Fragmentation Chain‐Transfer (PI‐RAFT) Polymerization
Authors: Akarsu Pinar , Reinicke Stefan , Lehnen Anne‐Catherine , Bekir Marek , Böker Alexander , Hartlieb Matthias , Reifarth Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTheir inherent directional information renders patchy particles interesting building blocks for advanced applications in materials science. In this study, a feasible method to fabricate patchy silicon dioxide microspheres is demonstrated, which they are able to equip with tailor‐made polymeric materials as patches. Their fabrication method relies on a solid‐state supported microcontact printing (µCP) routine optimized for the transfer of functional groups to capillary‐active substrates, which is used to introduce amino functionalities as patches to a monolayer of particles. Acting as anchor groups for polymerization, photo‐iniferter reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) is used to graft polymer from the patch areas. Accordingly, particles with poly(N‐acryloyl morpholine), poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide), and poly(n‐butyl acrylate) are prepared as representative acrylic acid‐derived functional patch materials. To facilitate their handling in water, a passivation strategy of the particles for aqueous systems is introduced. The protocol introduced here, therefore, promises a vast degree of freedom in engineering the surface properties of highly functional patchy particles. This feature is unmatched by other techniques to fabricate anisotropic colloids. The method, thus, can be considered a platform technology, culminating in the fabrication of particles that possess locally precisely formed patches on particles at a low µm scale with a high material functionality.
Cancer Immunotherapy Based on Cell Membrane‐Coated Nanocomposites Augmenting cGAS/STING Activation by Efferocytosis Blockade
Authors: Chen Zhian , Li Zhenhao , Huang Huilin , Shen Guodong , Ren Yingxin , Mao Xinyuan , Wang Lingzhi , Li Zhenyuan , Wang Weisheng , Li Guoxin , Zhao Bingxia , Guo Weihong , Hu Yanfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInnate immunity triggered by the cGAS/STING pathway has the potential to improve cancer immunotherapy. Previously, the authors reported that double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) released by dying tumor cells can trigger the cGAS/STING pathway. However, owing to efferocytosis, dying tumor cells are engulfed and cleared before the damaged dsDNA is released; hence, immunologic tolerance and immune escape occur. Herein, a cancer‐cell‐membrane biomimetic nanocomposites that exhibit tumor‐immunotherapeutic effects are synthesized by augmenting the cGAS/STING pathway and suppressing efferocytosis. Once internalized by cancer cells, a combined chemo/chemodynamic therapy would be triggered, which damages their nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Furthermore, the releasing Annexin A5 protein could inhibit efferocytosis effect and promote immunostimulatory secondary necrosis by preventing phosphatidylserine exposure, resulting in the burst release of dsDNA. These dsDNA fragments, as molecular patterns to immunogenic damage, escape from the cancer cells, activate the cGAS/STING pathway, enhance cross‐presentation inside dendritic cells, and promote M1‐polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages. In vivo experiments suggest that the proposed nanocomposite could recruit cytotoxic T‐cells and facilitate long‐term immunological memory. Moreover, when combined with immune‐checkpoint blockades, it could augment the immune response. Therefore, this novel biomimetic nanocomposite is a promising strategy for generating adaptive antitumor immune responses.
Experimental Revelation of Surface and Bulk Lattices in Faceted Cu2O Crystals
Authors: Chen Bo‐Hao , Kumar Gautam , Wei Yu‐Jung , Ma Hsueh‐Heng , Kao Jui‐Cheng , Chou Po‐Jung , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Chen I‐Chia , Chou Jyh‐Pin , Lo Yu‐Chieh , Huang Michael H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSemiconductor crystals have generally shown facet‐dependent electrical, photocatalytic, and optical properties. These phenomena have been proposed to result from the presence of a surface layer with bond‐level deviations. To provide experimental evidence of this structural feature, synchrotron X‐ray sources are used to obtain X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of polyhedral cuprous oxide crystals. Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra display two distinct cell constants from peak splitting. Peak disappearance during slow Cu2O reduction to Cu with ammonia borane differentiates bulk and surface layer lattices. Cubes and octahedra also show two peak components, while diffraction peaks of cuboctahedra are comprised of three components. Temperature‐varying lattice changes in the bulk and surface regions also show shape dependence. From transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, slight plane spacing deviations in surface and inner crystal regions are measured. Image processing provides visualization of the surface layer with depths of about 1.5–4 nm giving dashed lattice points instead of dots from atomic position deviations. Close TEM examination reveals considerable variation in lattice spot size and shape for different particle morphologies, explaining why facet‐dependent properties are emerged. Raman spectrum reflects the large bulk and surface lattice difference in rhombic dodecahedra. Surface lattice difference can change the particle bandgap.
High‐Throughput Computational Screening of All‐MXene Metal–Semiconductor Junctions for Schottky‐Barrier‐Free Contacts with Weak Fermi‐Level Pinning
Authors: Yan Jie , Cao Dan , Li Meng , Luo Qingyuan , Chen Xiaoshuang , Su liqin , Shu Haibo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVan der Waals (vdW) metal–semiconductor junctions (MSJs) exhibit huge potential to reduce the contact resistance and suppress the Fermi‐level pinning (FLP) for improving the device performance, but they are limited by optional (2D) metals with a wide range of work functions. Here a new class of vdW MSJs entirely composed of atomically thin MXenes is reported. Using high‐throughput first‐principles calculations, highly stable 80 metals and 13 semiconductors are screened from 2256 MXene structures. The selected MXenes cover a broad range of work functions (1.8–7.4 eV) and bandgaps (0.8–3 eV), providing a versatile material platform for constructing all‐MXene vdW MSJs. The contact type of 1040 all‐MXene vdW MSJs based on Schottky barrier heights (SBHs) is identified. Unlike conventional 2D vdW MSJs, the formation of all‐MXene vdW MSJs leads to interfacial polarization, which is responsible for the FLP and deviation of SBHs from the prediction of Schottky–Mott rule. Based on a set of screening criteria, six Schottky‐barrier‐free MSJs with weak FLP and high carrier tunneling probability (>50%) are identified. This work offers a new way to realize vdW contacts for the development of high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Bioinspired Macroporous Materials of MXene Nanosheets: Ice‐Templated Assembly and Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Li Meng , Dai Xuangeng , Wang Mengning , Bai Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiological macroporous materials, such as stems of the plants and bone of the animals, possess outstanding properties for powerful guarantee of creatures’ survival through the well‐aligned architecture constructed from limited components. Transition metal carbides or nitrides (MXenes), as novel 2D assemblies, have attracted numerous attentions in various applications due to their unique properties. Therefore, mimicking the bioinspired architecture with MXenes will boost the development of human‐made materials with unparalleled properties. Freeze casting has been widely applied to fabricate bioinspired MXene‐based materials and achieve the assembly of MXene nanosheets into 3D forms. This process solves the inherent restacking problems of MXenes, simultaneously preserving the unique properties of MXenes with a physical process. Here, the ice‐templated assembly of MXene in terms of the freezing processes and their potential mechanisms is summarized. In addition, applications of MXene‐based materials in electromagnetic interference shielding and absorption, energy storage and conversion, as well as piezoresistive pressure sensors are also reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and bottlenecks of ice‐templated assembly of MXene are further discussed to guide the development of bioinspired MXene‐based materials.
Unsupervised Analysis of Optical Imaging Data for the Discovery of Reactivity Patterns in Metal Alloy
Authors: Li Rui , Makogon Aleksei , Galochkina Tatiana , Lemineur Jean‐François , Kanoufi Frédéric , Shkirskiy Viacheslav 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOperando wide‐field optical microscopy imaging yields a wealth of information about the reactivity of metal interfaces, yet the data are often unstructured and challenging to process. In this study, the power of unsupervised machine learning (ML) algorithms is harnessed to analyze chemical reactivity images obtained dynamically by reflectivity microscopy in combination with ex situ scanning electron microscopy to identify and cluster the chemical reactivity of particles in Al alloy. The ML analysis uncovers three distinct clusters of reactivity from unlabeled datasets. A detailed examination of representative reactivity patterns confirms the chemical communication of generated OH− fluxes within particles, as supported by statistical analysis of size distribution and finite element modelling (FEM). The ML procedures also reveal statistically significant patterns of reactivity under dynamic conditions, such as pH acidification. The results align well with a numerical model of chemical communication, underscoring the synergy between data‐driven ML and physics‐driven FEM approaches.
Organic Upgrading through Photoelectrochemical Reactions: Toward Higher Profits
Authors: Liu Tae‐Kyung , Jang Gyu Yong , Kim Sungsoon , Zhang Kan , Zheng Xiaolin , Park Jong Hyeok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAqueous photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells have long been considered a promising technology to convert solar energy into hydrogen. However, the solar‐to‐H2 (STH) efficiency and cost‐effectiveness of PEC water splitting are significantly limited by sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and the low economic value of the produced O2, hindering the practical commercialization of PEC cells. Recently, organic upgrading PEC reactions, especially for alternative OERs, have received tremendous attention, which improves not only the STH efficiency but also the economic effectiveness of the overall reaction. In this review, PEC reaction fundamentals and reactant‐product cost analysis of organic upgrading reactions are briefly reviewed, recent advances made in organic upgrading reactions, which are categorized by their reactant substrates, such as methanol, ethanol, glycol, glycerol, and complex hydrocarbons, are then summarized and discussed. Finally, the current status, further outlooks, and challenges toward industrial applications are discussed.
Development of Greener and Stable Inkjet‐Printable Perovskite Precursor Inks for All‐Printed Annealing‐Free Perovskite Solar Mini‐Modules Manufacturing
Authors: Chalkias D. A. , Mourtzikou A. , Katsagounos G. , Kalarakis A. N. , Stathatos E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInkjet‐printing is considered an emerging manufacturing process for developing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with low material wastes and high production throughput. Up‐to‐now, all case studies on inkjet‐printed PSCs are based on the exploitation of toxic solvents and/or high‐molarity perovskite precursor inks that are known to enable the development of high‐efficiency photovoltaics (PVs). The present study provides a new insight for developing lower‐toxicity, high performance and stable (for more than 2 months) inkjet‐printable perovskite precursor inks for fully ambient air processed PSCs. Using an ink composed of a green low vapor pressure noncoordinating solvent and only 0.8 m of perovskite precursors, the feasibility of fabricating high‐quality and with minimum coffee‐ring defects, annealing‐free perovskite absorbent layers under ambient atmosphere is demonstrated. Noteworthily, the PSCs fabricated using the industry‐compatible carbon‐based hole transport material free architecture and the proposed ink present an efficiency >13% that is considered on the performance records for the under‐consideration PV architecture employing an inkjet‐printed active layer. Outstanding is also found the stability of the devices under the conditions determined by the ISOS‐D‐1 protocol (T95 = 1000 h). Finally, the perspective of upscaling PSCs to the mini‐module level (100 cm2 aperture area) is demonstrated, with the upscaling losses to be as low as 8.3%rel dec−1 per upscaled active area.
When will a changing climate outpace adaptive evolution?
Authors: Martin Ryan A. , da Silva Carmen R. B. , Moore Michael P. , Diamond Sarah E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDecades of research have illuminated the underlying ingredients that determine the scope of evolutionary responses to climate change. The field of evolutionary biology therefore stands ready to take what it has learned about influences upon the rate of adaptive evolution—such as population demography, generation time, and standing genetic variation—and apply it to assess if and how populations can evolve fast enough to “keep pace” with climate change. Here, our review highlights what the field of evolutionary biology can contribute and what it still needs to learn to provide more mechanistic predictions of the winners and losers of climate change. We begin by developing broad predictions for contemporary evolution to climate change based on theory. We then discuss methods for assessing climate‐driven contemporary evolution, including quantitative genetic studies, experimental evolution, and space‐for‐time substitutions. After providing this mechanism‐focused overview of both the evidence for evolutionary responses to climate change and more specifically, evolving to keep pace with climate change, we next consider the factors that limit actual evolutionary responses. In this context, we consider the dual role of phenotypic plasticity in facilitating but also impeding evolutionary change. Finally, we detail how a deeper consideration of evolutionary constraints can improve forecasts of responses to climate change and therefore also inform conservation and management decisions.This article is categorized under:
Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes
Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Extinction Risk
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change
Recent advances in ultra‐trace determination of uranium in natural water using total reflection X‐ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometry
Authors: Sanyal Kaushik , Dhara Sangita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis review article describes some of the recent advances in ultra‐trace determination of uranium in various natural water bodies such as drinking water, underground water, seawater, etc. using total reflection x‐ray florescence (TXRF) spectrometry. Uranium is one of the most hazardous element having chemical as well as radio‐toxicity. However, due to its low concentration in water samples, direct determination is seldom possible in samples with high salt content. Various sample preconcentration and selective extraction techniques for uranium such as solvent extraction, dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction, solid phase extraction, and membrane based preconcentration methods are summarized in this article. TXRF is a very versatile micro‐analytical technique with detection limits in picogram range and having multielemental analysis capability. TXRF determination of uranium using U Lα as the analytical line has many analytical challenges and difficulties, mainly due to the severe interference with Rb and Br, both are commonly available in natural water samples. This article highlights some of these challenges, along with the advantages and disadvantages of the different sample preparation techniques used so far for uranium determination in natural water samples by TXRF.
How Do Atmospheric Tidal Loading Displacements Vary Temporally as well as Across Different Weather Models?
Authors: Balidakis Kyriakos , Sulzbach Roman , Dobslaw Henryk , Dill Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe assess the impact of varying the mass anomaly sources on the calculation of atmospheric tidal displacement harmonics. Atmospheric mass anomalies are obtained from five state-of-the-art numerical weather models (NWM): DWD’s ICON-Global, ECMWF’s IFS, JMA’s JRA55, ECMWF’s ERA5, and NASA’s MERRA2. To evaluate how the atmospheric tides’ representation in the different models displaces Earth’s crust, we calculate mass harmonics based on a fixed time span (2019.0–2022.0). To evaluate how temporally variable atmospheric tide manifestations are, we also applied a square-root-information filter on displacements spanning seven decades of ERA5. In addition, the variable harmonic atmospheric forcing is used to excite harmonic sea-surface variations employing the barotropic model TiME. The results from the analysis of the five numerical weather models as well as the monthly updated states of ERA5 harmonics are compared. We find that inter-model differences are larger than temporal harmonic modulations for all waves beating at frequencies higher than 1 cpd. We have confirmed that significant modulations are not an artefact in NWM but rather a true effect, and accounting for them might become of relevance for space geodesy at some point as soon as observations increase in spatio-temporal density and accuracy. The global RMS of radial displacements is 0.07 mm (SNR of 16.2 dB) for the “epoch” ensemble and 0.10 mm (SNR of 8.9 dB) for the “NWM” ensemble. We find discrepancies as large as 0.28 mm between harmonics from MERRA2 and early ERA5 batches, which we attribute to data sparsity in the in situ data assimilated into the NWM during the earlier years of the atmospheric reanalysis.
Digital Construction and Management the Public’s Infrastructures
Authors: Orsini Giuseppe , Piras Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper “Digital construction and management the public’s infrastructures” is to propose an interconnected development approach, in the management of public infrastructure asset, that through of digital modeling (BIM*) and interoperability provides tools to support decision-making processes. In detail, this work analyzes the innovative process of developing digital tools for the institutional tasks of supervision and support for the management of land transport infrastructure in the Italian national system. Therefore, trough of one assumed a georeferenced network of “digital twins” have been valued the scenarios obtainable whit the digitalization of the public works and of the territory’s surveys. The principles for managing information flows for Italian’s public transport infrastructures have been developed in accordance with national legislation and the reference UNI standards. The assumed flow is on the exchange of data between the managing subjects with the owners’ authorities and surveillance bodies, taking as pivot element the Index public work (IOP) code attributed to each public work. Finally, a conceptual model has been proposed for the energy analysis of the road section and the identification of the best areas to create the “green islands” to produce renewable energy, for the management of infrastructure and for the recharging of electric vehicles.
A Digital Information Model for Coastal Maintenance and Waterfront Recovery
Authors: Ciampa Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the context of the global climate crisis and the resulting catastrophic flooding phenomena, the contribution looks at an innovative digital model for the coastal recovery, attentive to the protection of waterfronts and their stakeholders. By intervening in the relationship between transformation and conservation of built environment, it is necessary to establish governance support tools capable of foreseeing emergency scenarios to protect the population. The research looks at the port areas of coastal cities as a contemporary and collective public space in which to test the collaborative digital model proposed for waterfronts recovery and maintenance. The need-based methodological process used the human life protection, exposed to flooding danger, as the input of a design process. Through a survey and modeling phase, the waterfront breaks down into environmental and technological systems, specifying the extent of the failure. The waterfront digitization allows providing the governance with a sensor alert tool that gives the monitoring of the behavior and the state of the waterfront elements’ degradation. This information is simplified and given back to the users who both made responsible for the maintenance culture of the places they use and alerted to the possible danger they are exposed. The case is Atrani, where an internal flooding, caused by the estuary overflowing, degenerated in the entire coastal system up to the sea. The results provide a digital model capable of exploring and optimizing the coastal built environment to increase the governance capacity and the waterfront performance.