bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years of acute myocardial infarction in Kazakhstan: data from unified national electronic healthcare system 2014–2019
Authors: Zhakhina Gulnur , Gaipov Abduzhappar , Salustri Alessandro , Gusmanov Arnur , Sakko Yesbolat , Yerdessov Sauran , Bekbossynova Makhabbat , Abbay Anara , Sarria-Santamera Antonio , Akbilgic Oguz 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases contribute to premature mortality globally, resulting in substantial social and economic burdens. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study reported that in 2019 alone, heart attack and strokes accounted for the deaths of 18.6 million individuals. Ischemic heart diseases, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), accounted for 182 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and it is leading cause of death worldwide.AimThe aim of this study is to present the burden of AMI in Kazakhstan and describe the outcome of hospitalized patients.MethodsThe data of 79,172 people admitted to hospital with ICD-10 diagnosis I21 between 2014 and 2019 was derived from the Unified National Electronic Health System and retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe majority of the cohort (53,285, 67%) were men, with an average age of 63 (±12) years, predominantly of Kazakh (38,057, 48%) and Russian (24,583, 31%) ethnicities. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (61,972, 78%). In males, a sharp increase in incidence is present after 40 years, while for females, the morbidity increases gradually after 55. Throughout the observation period, all-cause mortality rose from 101 to 210 people per million population (PMP). In 2019, AMI account for 169,862 DALYs in Kazakhstan, with a significant proportion (79%) attributed to years of life lost due to premature death (YLDs). Approximately half of disease burden due to AMI (80,794 DALYs) was in age group 55–69 years. Although incidence is higher for men, they have better survival rates than women. In terms of revascularization procedures, coronary artery bypass grafting yielded higher survival rates compared to percutaneous coronary intervention (86.3% and 80.9% respectively) during the 5-year follow-up.ConclusionThis research evaluated the burden and disability-adjusted life years of AMI in Kazakhstan, the largest Central Asian country. The results show that more effective disease management systems and preventive measures at earlier ages are needed.
Quantitative imaging biomarkers of coronary plaque morphology: insights from EVAPORATE
Authors: Buckler Andrew J. , Doros Gheorghe , Kinninger April , Lakshmanan Suvasini , Le Viet T. , Libby Peter , May Heidi T. , Muhlestein Joseph B. , Nelson John R. , Nicolaou Anna , Roy Sion K. , Shaikh Kashif , Shekar Chandana , Tayek John A. , Zheng Luke , Bhatt Deepak L. , Budoff Matthew J. 
Published: August 2023

AimsResidual cardiovascular risk persists despite statin therapy. In REDUCE-IT, icosapent ethyl (IPE) reduced total events, but the mechanisms of benefit are not fully understood. EVAPORATE evaluated the effects of IPE on plaque characteristics by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Given the conclusion that the IPE-treated patients demonstrate that plaque burden decreases has already been published in the primary study analysis, we aimed to demonstrate whether the use of an analytic technique defined and validated in histological terms could extend the primary study in terms of whether such changes could be reliably seen in less time on drug, at the individual (rather than only at the cohort) level, or both, as neither of these were established by the primary study result.Methods and ResultsEVAPORATE randomized the patients to IPE 4 g/day or placebo. Plaque morphology, including lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), fibrous cap thickness, and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), was assessed using the ElucidVivo® (Elucid Bioimaging Inc.) on CCTA. The changes in plaque morphology between the treatment groups were analyzed. A neural network to predict treatment assignment was used to infer patient representation that encodes significant morphological changes. Fifty-five patients completed the 18-month visit in EVAPORATE with interpretable images at each of the three time points. The decrease of LRNC between the patients on IPE vs. placebo at 9 months (reduction of 2 mm3 vs. an increase of 41 mm3, p = 0.008), widening at 18 months (6 mm3 vs. 58 mm3 increase, p = 0.015) were observed. While not statistically significant on a univariable basis, reductions in wall thickness and increases in cap thickness motivated multivariable modeling on an individual patient basis. The per-patient response assessment was possible using a multivariable model of lipid-rich phenotype at the 9-month follow-up, p &lt; 0.01 (sustained at 18 months), generalizing well to a validation cohort.ConclusionPlaques in the IPE-treated patients acquired more characteristics of stability. Reliable assessment using histologically validated analysis of individual response is possible at 9 months, with sustained stabilization at 18 months, providing a quantitative basis to elucidate drug mechanism and assess individual patient response.
Paleoseismic evidence of five magnitude 7 earthquakes on the Norcia fault system in the past 8,000 years (Central Italy)
Authors: Galli P. , Messina P. , Peronace E. , Galderisi A. , Ilardo I. , Polpetta F. 
Published: August 2023

Many large-magnitude faults (6.5≤ Mw ≤7.2) of the Italian Apennines are characterized by multi-century return times, so historical sources may have missed their last earthquake or other predecessors. Hence, even in Italy, where seismic catalogs are among the most comprehensive and time-extensive worldwide, there is a need for complementary studies that might fill the lack of historical information and enhance the knowledge concerning the recurrence times of destructive earthquakes. As paleoseismology is the discipline that can do this, in this study, we present results collected in five new trenches opened along the 33-km-long Norcia fault system (central Apennines) where, in addition to the historically known 1703 earthquake (Mw 6.9), we uncovered indications of four Holocene predecessor, with a recurrence time of 1,825 ± 420 years. Considering also the paleoseismic results already published on the nearby Mt Vettore fault system (2016 earthquake of Mw 6.6), we guess that now the seismic hazard of this region could be assessed more robustly.
Evaluation of geothermal resources potential in the uplifted mountain of Guangdong province using the Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Li Yongyi , Long Xiting , Lu Jun 
Published: August 2023

Geothermal energy is a kind of renewable energy with the characteristics of stability, zero carbon emissions, less land occupation, and localization. It has enormous development potential in the transition from traditional fossil energy to renewable energy, especially in Guangdong, geothermal resources are also abundant. However, the existing resource potential evaluation is relatively broad, and the uncertainty of the distribution of geothermal resources is not considered. Therefore, accurately and scientifically assessing the potential of geothermal resources is currently a research focus, Monte Carlo simulation is an ideal solution to quantitatively measure the distribution of geothermal resources through probability distributions. In this study, based on the volume method, considering the uncertainty of geothermal resource distribution parameters, Monte Carlo simulation was introduced, and the triangular distribution and uniform distribution model were used to simulate the input parameters of geothermal fields, and the potential of uplifted mountain geothermal resources in this area was evaluated. The results show that the fracture-banded reservoir geothermal resources are 5.648–5.867 × 1016 kJ (mean 5.743 × 1016 kJ), the karst-layered reservoir geothermal resources are 5.089–5.536 × 1015 kJ (mean 5.328 × 1015 kJ), finally the uplifted mountain geothermal resources potential of Guangdong are 6.176–6.399 × 1016 kJ (mean 6.275 × 1016 kJ). It quantitatively shows that the existing uplifted mountainous geothermal resources potential in Guangdong Province is enormous, the total amount of uplifted mountainous geothermal resources is equal to 2.11–2.18 × 105 Ten thousand tons of standard coal (mean 2.14 × 105 Ten thousand tons of standard coal).
Clinical efficacy of acupuncture for diminished ovarian reserve: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Guangyao , Liu Xiyu , Cong Chao , Chen Siru , Xu Lianwei 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) based on the existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsNine databases from their inception to December 6th, 2022, were comprehensively searched to retrieve RCTs related to the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of DOR. The outcomes of interest were sex hormones level and antral follicle count (AFC). Risk of Bias (RoB) was adopted to assess the quality of the included trials.ResultsA total of 13 RCTs involving 787 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The review of available evidence revealed acupuncture produced a significant efficacy in decreasing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (SMD = -1.07, 95%CI [-1.79, -0.36], p = 0.003), FSH/LH ratio (MD = -0.31, 95%CI [-0.54, -0.09], p = 0.006) and increasing anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels (SMD = 0.25, 95%CI [-0.00, 0.49], p = 0.05), along with AFC (MD = 1.87, 95%CI [0.96, 2.79], p &lt; 0.0001) compared to controls. Compared with electro-acupuncture treatment, manual acupuncture was superior in reducing FSH levels, FSH/LH ratio, and increasing AMH levels and AFC (p &lt; 0.05). A notable association was also seen when acupuncture was combined with traditional Chinese medicine therapy for improving FSH levels, FSH/LH ratio, and AFC (p &lt; 0.05). Besides, a high dose of acupuncture (≥10 acupoints) was more conducive to ameliorating FSH levels, FSH/LH ratio, and AFC (p &lt; 0.05) than a low dose of acupuncture (&lt;10 acupoints). Substantial heterogeneity existed among studies.ConclusionAcupuncture may have significant clinical potential for patients with DOR in terms of improving sex hormones level and increasing AFC, although the evidence is drawn with high heterogeneity. This finding suggests that more rigorous trials conducted in diverse regions worldwide are necessary to identify the efficacy of acupuncture for patients diagnosed with DOR.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk, identifier CRD42023402336.
Correlation of hemoglobin levels with diabetic retinopathy in US adults aged ≥40 years: the NHANES 2005–2008
Authors: Li Xiao , Chen Meirong 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore the connection between hemoglobin levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR).MethodsCross-sectional research used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between DR and hemoglobin levels. Additionally, generalized additivity models and smoothed curve fitting were carried out.ResultsAfter adjusting for several covariates, there was a negative association between hemoglobin levels and DR in the study, which included 837 participants. The negative association between hemoglobin levels and DR was present in men and women, the obese (BMI &gt; 30), and 60- to 69-year-olds in subgroup analyses stratified by sex, BMI, and age. The association between hemoglobin levels and DR in the normal weight group (BMI &lt; 25) displayed an inverted U-shaped curve with an inflection point of 13.7 (g/dL).ConclusionIn conclusion, our research reveals that high hemoglobin levels are related to a decreased risk of DR. Ascertaining the hemoglobin levels ought to be regarded as an integral facet of the monitoring regimen for patients with diabetic complications and that the risk of DR is reduced through the detection and management of hemoglobin levels.
Enhance of tomato production and induction of changes on the organic profile mediated by Rhizobium biofortification
Authors: Gen-Jiménez Adriana , Flores-Félix José David , Rincón-Molina Clara Ivette , Manzano-Gomez Luis Alberto , Rogel Marco Antonio , Ruíz-Valdiviezo Víctor Manuel , Rincón-Molina Francisco Alexander , Rincón-Rosales Reiner 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe extensive use of chemical fertilizers has served as a response to the increasing need for crop production in recent decades. While it addresses the demand for food, it has resulted in a decline in crop productivity and a heightened negative environmental impact. In contrast, plant probiotic bacteria (PPB) offer a promising alternative to mitigate the negative consequences of chemical fertilizers. PPB can enhance nutrient availability, promote plant growth, and improve nutrient uptake efficiency, thereby reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers.MethodsThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of native Rhizobium strains, specifically Rhizobium calliandrae LBP2-1, Rhizobium mayense NSJP1-1, and Rhizobium jaguaris SJP1- 2, on the growth, quality, and rhizobacterial community of tomato crops. Various mechanisms promoting plant growth were investigated, including phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, indole acetic acid synthesis, and cellulose and cellulase production. Additionally, the study involved the assessment of biofilm formation and root colonization by GFP-tagged strains, conducted a microcosm experiment, and analyzed the microbial community using metagenomics of rhizospheric soil.ResultsThe results showed that the rhizobial strains LBP2-1, NSJP1-1 and SJP1-2 had the ability to solubilize dicalcium phosphate, produce siderophores, synthesize indole acetic acid, cellulose production, biofilm production, and root colonization. Inoculation of tomato plants with native Rhizobium strains influenced growth, fruit quality, and plant microbiome composition. Metagenomic analysis showed increased Proteobacteria abundance and altered alpha diversity indices, indicating changes in rhizospheric bacterial community.DiscussionOur findings demonstrate the potential that native Rhizobium strains have to be used as a plant probiotic in agricultural crops for the generation of safe food and high nutritional value.
Effects of long-term individual housing of middle-aged female Octodon degus on spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze task
Authors: Popović Natalija , Baño-Otalora Beatriz , Rol María Ángeles , Venero César , Madrid Juan Antonio , Popović Miroljub 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionProlonged social isolation is a form of passive chronic stress that has consequences on human and animal behavior. The present study was undertaken to elucidate whether the long-term isolation would precipitate age-related changes in anxiety and spatial learning and memory in degus.MethodsWe investigated the effects of long-term social isolation on anxiety levels in the light-dark test, and spatial orientation abilities in the Barnes maze. Middle-aged femaleOctodon deguswere allocated to either group-housed (3 animals per cage) or individually-housed for 5 months.ResultsUnder this experimental condition, there were no significant group differences in the anxiety level tested in the light-dark test and in the motivation to escape from the Barnes maze. There were no significant differences in cortisol levels between individually- and group-housed animals. On the last acquisition training day of spatial learning, individually- housed animals had a significantly higher number of correct responses and a smaller number of reference and working memory errors than the group-housed animals. In addition, isolated animals showed a tendency for reference and working memory impairment on the retention trial, while group-housed degus showed improvement in these parameters.Discussion and conclusionThe present study indicates that prolonged social isolation during adulthood in female degus has a dual effect on spatial orientation. Specifically, it results in a significant improvement in acquisition skills but a slight impairment in memory retention. The obtained cognitive changes were not accompanied by modification in anxiety and cortisol levels.
Structural and functional changes of the cerebellum in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Wang Ge , Liu Xianghe , Zhang Min , Wang Kangrun , Liu Chaorong , Chen Yayu , Wu Wenyue , Zhao Haiting , Xiao Bo , Wan Lily , Long Lili 
Published: August 2023

AimsThis study aimed to comprehensively explore the cerebellar structural and functional changes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and its association with clinical information.MethodsThe SUIT toolbox was utilized to perform cerebellar volume and diffusion analysis. In addition, we extracted the average diffusion values of cerebellar peduncle tracts to investigate microstructure alterations. Seed-based whole-brain analysis was used to investigate cerebellar–cerebral functional connectivity (FC). Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the cerebellar participation in TLE with/without hippocampal sclerosis (HS)/focal-to-bilateral tonic–clonic seizure (FBTCS) and TLE with different lateralization.ResultsTLE showed widespread gray matter atrophy in bilateral crusII, VIIb, VIIIb, left crusI, and left VIIIa. Both voxel and tract analysis observed diffusion abnormalities in cerebellar afferent peduncles. Reduced FC between the right crus II and the left parahippocampal cortex was found in TLE. Additionally, TLE showed increased FCs between left lobules VI–VIII and cortical nodes of the dorsal attention and visual networks. Across all patients, decreased FC was associated with poorer cognitive function, while increased FCs appeared to reflect compensatory effects. The cerebellar structural changes were mainly observed in HS and FBTCS subgroups and were regardless of seizure lateralization, while cerebellar–cerebral FC alterations were similar in all subgroups.ConclusionTLE exhibited microstructural changes in the cerebellum, mainly related to HS and FBTCS. In addition, altered cerebellar–cerebral functional connectivity is associated with common cognitive alterations in TLE.
Association of dietary intake of polyphenols, lignans, and phytosterols with immune-stimulating microbiota and COVID-19 risk in a group of Polish men and women
Authors: Micek Agnieszka , Bolesławska Izabela , Jagielski Paweł , Konopka Kamil , Waśkiewicz Anna , Witkowska Anna Maria , Przysławski Juliusz , Godos Justyna 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesDevastating consequences of COVID-19 disease enhanced the role of promoting prevention-focused practices. Among targeted efforts, diet is regarded as one of the potential factors which can affect immune function and optimal nutrition is postulated as the method of augmentation of people’s viral resistance. As epidemiological evidence is scarce, the present study aimed to explore the association between dietary intake of total polyphenols, lignans and plant sterols and the abundance of immunomodulatory gut microbiota such as Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli and the risk of developing COVID-19 disease.MethodsDemographic data, dietary habits, physical activity as well as the composition of body and gut microbiota were analyzed in a sample of 95 young healthy individuals. Dietary polyphenol, lignan and plant sterol intakes have been retrieved based on the amount of food consumed by the participants, the phytochemical content was assessed in laboratory analysis and using available databases.ResultsFor all investigated polyphenols and phytosterols, except campesterol, every unit increase in the tertile of intake category was associated with a decrease in the odds of contracting COVID-19. The risk reduction ranged from several dozen percent to 70 %, depending on the individual plant-based chemical, and after controlling for basic covariates it was statistically significant for secoisolariciresinol (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11–0.61), total phytosterols (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.22–0.95) and for stigmasterols (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14–0.72). We found an inverse association between increased β-sitosterol intake and phytosterols in total and the occurrence of Escherichia coli in stool samples outside reference values, with 72% (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.08–0.86) and 66% (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.10–1.08) reduced odds of abnormal level of bacteria for the highest compared with the lowest tertile of phytochemical consumption. Additionally, there was a trend of more frequent presence of Enterococcus spp. at relevant level in people with a higher intake of lariciresinol.ConclusionThe beneficial effects of polyphenols and phytosterols should be emphasized and these plant-based compounds should be regarded in the context of their utility as antiviral agents preventing influenza-type infections.
Pan-cancer analysis reveals that G6PD is a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for a variety of cancers
Authors: Zeng Tao , Li Bin , Shu Xin , Pang Jiahui , Wang Heping , Cai Xianghao , Liao Yingying , Xiao Xiaolong , Chong Yutian , Gong Jiao , Li Xinhua 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundDespite accumulating evidence revealing that Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is highly expressed in many tumor tissues and plays a remarkable role in cancer tumorigenesis and progression, there is still a lack of G6PD pan-cancer analysis. This study was designed to analyze the expression status and prognostic significance of G6PD in pan-cancer.MethodsG6PD expression data were obtained from multiple data resources including the Genotype-Tissue Expression, the Cancer Genome Atlas, and the Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource. These data were used to assess the G6PD expression, prognostic value, and clinical characteristics. The ESTIMATE algorithms were used to analyze the association between G6PD expression and immune-infiltrating cells and the tumor microenvironment. The functional enrichment analysis was also performed across pan-cancer. In addition, the GDSC1 database containing 403 drugs was utilized to explore the relationship between drug sensitivity and G6PD expression levels. Furthermore, we also performed clinical validation and in vitro experiments to further validate the role of G6PD in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its correlation with prognosis. The R software was used for statistical analysis and data visualization.ResultsG6PD expression was upregulated in most cancers compared to their normal counterparts. The study also revealed that G6PD expression was a prognostic indicator and high levels of G6PD expression were correlated with worse clinical prognosis including overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval in multiple cancers. Furthermore, the G6PD level was also related to cancer immunity infiltration in most of the cancers, especially in KIRC, LGG, and LIHC. In addition to this, G6PD expression was positively related to pathological stages of KIRP, BRCA, KIRC, and LIHC. Functional analysis and protein-protein interactions network results revealed that G6PD was involved in metabolism-related activities, immune responses, proliferation, and apoptosis. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that IC50 values of most identified anti-cancer drugs were positively correlated with the G6PD expression. Notably, in vitro functional validation showed that G6PD knockdown attenuated the phenotypes of proliferation in HCC.ConclusionG6PD may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for cancers and may be a potential therapeutic target gene for tumor therapy.