bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute minocycline treatment inhibits microglia activation, reduces infarct volume, and has domain-specific effects on post-stroke cognition in rats
Authors: Myers Sarah J. , Agapova Victoria , Patel Salonee V. , Hayes Sarah H. , Sposato Luciano A. , Allman Brian L. , Whitehead Shawn N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ischemic stroke affects millions of individuals worldwide and a high prevalence of survivors experience cognitive deficits. At present, the underlying mechanisms that drive post-stroke cognitive decline are not well understood. Microglia play a critical role in the post-stroke inflammatory response, but experimental studies show that an accumulation of chronically activated microglia can be harmful and associates with cognitive impairment. This study aimed to assess the effect of acute post-stroke minocycline treatment, a tetracycline derivative that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and has been shown to inhibit microglia activation, on chronic microglia and astrocyte expression within both the infarct and remote white matter regions, as well as determine its effect on various domains of cognitive function post-stroke. Nine-month-old male rats received an injection of endothelin-1 into the right dorsal striatum to induce a transient focal ischemic stroke, and then were treated with minocycline or saline for 4 days post-stroke. Rats were tested using a series of lever-pressing tasks and the Morris water maze to assess striatal-based learning, cognitive flexibility, and spatial learning and reference memory. We found that minocycline-treated rats had smaller stroke-induced infarcts, less microglia activation in the infarct area and less microglia activation in remote white matter regions compared to saline-treated rats at 28 days post-stroke. The behavioural testing results differed according to the cognitive domain; whereas minocycline-treated rats trended towards improved striatal-based learning in a lever-pressing task, but cognitive flexibility was unaffected during the subsequent set-shifting task. Furthermore, minocycline treatment unexpectedly impaired spatial learning, yet it did not alter reference memory. Collectively, we show that post-stroke minocycline treatment can reduce chronic microglia activation even in remote brain regions, with domain-specific effects on cognitive function.
Biosorption potential of Lantana camara leaves’ biosorbent to remove Zn (II) ions from synthetic aqueous solution
Authors: negi Ankita , Joshi Sushil Kumar , Bhandari Narendra Singh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Inorganic metal pollution is becoming more prevalent as industrialization progresses. Despite being an essential element, Zn (II) can be detrimental if consumed in excess. In this study, the possibility of using Lantana camara leaves to prepare a biosorbent that can eliminate Zn (II) ions from contaminated wastewater solutions was investigated. BET surface area, FTIR and SEM analysis were carried out to characterize the prepared Lantana camara leaves biosorbent (LCLB). It was reported that increasing biosorbent dosage and contact duration improves Zn (II) ion removal while it decreases with rising initial concentrations of Zn (II) ions and temperature. At pH 6, 5 g adsorbent dosage, and 45 minutes contact time, excellent removal capabilities (85.06%) were reported. The pseudo-second-order rate model fit the kinetics of Zn (II) adsorption well (R2 > 0.998), and the predicted adsorption capacity of the model agreed well with the experimental outcomes. The Langmuir isotherm (R2 > 0.996) was the best suited isotherm model for Zn (II) adsorption onto LCLB, implying monolayer adsorption. Thermodynamic experiments revealed that Zn (II) adsorption on the biosorbent's surface was spontaneous and exothermic. Desorption studies implied that the biosorbent can be recycled effectively up to two cycles. An investigation of the maximum adsorption capabilities of different untreated biomaterial-based residues found that LCLB is an effective, inexpensive, and environmentally acceptable biosorbent for use in the removal of contaminants from polluted aqueous media.
On the weighted Sobolev space and its application on the existence of weak solutions related to the p-Laplacian
Authors: Zhan Huashui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The initial boundary value problem of an evolutionary equation with the form

is considered, where a(x) ≥ 0 is a weight and may be degenerate on some points of Ω. Such a equation arises from the heat flow in a certain composite materia or reaction-diffusion problem in an environmental heterogeneity and barriers. In the paper, we assume that

and invistigate the Sobolev inequality and the embedding inequality in the weighted Sobolev space are true. Then, by generalizing the the classical Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality to the weighted Sobolev space, using the difference method as [10], the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions are obtained provided that p > 2.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 35K65 35L85 35R92
Burden on Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients at Polyclinic Outpatient Psychiatric Department, Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, the Gambia
Authors: Marega Jarra , Bah Haddy Tunkara 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The de-institutionalization of mentally-ill persons has led to many patients residing in the communities with family members and shifting the burden of care and caregiving from hospitals to homes The aim of the study was to determine the burden on caregivers of schizophrenic patients at of Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH). The study sample consisted of 161 randomly selected schizophrenic patients’ caregivers. The GHQ-12 questionnaire was used to determine the general health status of the caregivers. The caregivers’ burden was assessed using the Zarit Burden Scale. The data was collected using the researcher-administered method. The collected data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Version 20 using descriptive, mean differences and General Linear Model (GLM). The main findings of this study showed a significant high level of burden on the caregivers. Most of them experienced a high level of physical (70%), psychological (93.2%), social (78.3%) and financial (55.3%) burden. Employment status, specifically unemployed and belonging to the Wolof ethnic group were significant predictors of the level of financial burden on the caregivers. Similarly, the total score of social burden was also significantly higher among the unemployed caregivers. Educational level was a significant predictor of the total score on psychological and physical burden. The caregivers of schizophrenic patients at EFSTH are experiencing a high level of burden as a result of their care giving role which is affecting their health and this call for an urgent intervention.
Impact of regular mortality and morbidity conferences on preventable death rates.
Authors: Motsumi Mpapho Joseph , Chinyepi Nkhabe , Rackara Samuel , Lwango Rashid , Kapinga Getrude , Ngwako Karabo , Sentsho Maranatha , Leshomo Tefo , Chilisa Unami , Motlaleselelo Pako , Lekgowe Elijah Kopo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The role of mortality and morbidity conferences (M&MC) in surgical departments is to provide education and improve patient care. However, evidence in the literature that M&MCs reduce preventable deaths is sparse. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of routine M&MC on the preventable death rate over four years.
Methodology: This study used a quantitative research methodology. In this retrospective audit of the M&MC data, we collected all mortality data from the date the database started, July 2016, to December 2019, for the surgery department. The department adopted and adapted the criteria and definitions of preventability based on WHO guidelines for trauma quality improvement programs. We used the Pearson correlation statistic to evaluate the correlation between the time (years) since the start of routine M&MC and the preventable death rate. We secured ethical approval.
Results: There were 4660 registered admissions from July 2016 to December 2019. Of these, 267 deaths were recorded, resulting in a crude mortality rate of 6%. Overall, the department considered 23% (61/267) of the deaths as preventable. A strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.982, p = 0.009) between the preventable death rate and time(years) since the commencement of routine M&MC was found. Trauma was the leading cause of preventable deaths (27.0%, 17/61).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that routine M&MCs have the desired effect of reducing preventable death rates. Further studies are required to investigate this observed effect.
Modeling germination responses of three stem-succulent halophytes of Mediterranean salt marshes to salinity and temperature
Authors: Hayder Zaineb , Sekrafi Mansour , Tlili Abderrazak , Boughalleb Fayçal , Bakhshandeh Esmaeil , Abdellaoui Raoudha , Tarhouni Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Quantification of germination niches under salt stress, temperature, and their interaction using population-based threshold models is important to predict seedling emergence patterns. Seeds of Sarcocornia fruticosa, Sarcocornia alpini, and Salicornia emerici were treated with various temperatures at different NaCl concentrations. Results indicated that the median base NaCl concentration was roughly steady (0.68, 0.73, and 0.70M, respectively) at sub-optimal temperature, then decreased linearly at supra-optimal temperature until the ceiling temperature (Tc). The estimated base, optimum and ceiling temperatures, in water, were − 0.5, 15 and 29°C for Sarcocornia fruticosa, − 2.5, 11 and 24°C for Sarcocornia alpini, and 9.5, 25 and 40°C for Salicornia emerici, respectively. At all species, the base temperature has not changed with the salinity while both optimum and ceiling temperatures decreased. Also, Salicornia emerici showed rapid and synchronized germination when salinity decreases during the rainy season coinciding with favorable temperatures compared with other species.
Halogen fractionation during vapor-brine phase separation revealed by in situ Cl, Br, and I analysis of scapolite from the Yixingzhai gold deposit, North China Craton
Authors: Gao Wen-Sheng , Deng Xiao-Dong , Chen Lei , Zhang Li-Zhong , Li Yu-Xiang , Luo Tao , Li Jian-Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Halogens (Cl, Br, and I) are major complexing agents for metal ions, and their ratios (Br/Cl and I/Cl) have been used to determine the source and evolution of hydrothermal fluid. Halogen fractionation during hydrothermal fluid evolution, however, has been inferred from several studies, which poses problems in using halogen ratios as a fluid tracer. The Br/Cl and I/Cl ratios of scapolite are consistent with those ratios present in the coexisting fluid during scapolite formation, making this mineral particularly useful for understanding hydrothermal fluid evolution. To better understand halogen fractionation during vapor-brine phase separation, we conducted fluid inclusion microthermometry, major elements, and in situ halogens and Sr isotope analysis of scapolite formed from a high-salinity hydrothermal fluid during the vapor-brine phase separation at the Yixingzhai gold deposit, North China Craton. The studied scapolite has 1.84–3.41 wt% Cl, 389–806 ppm Br, 8.4–24.4 ppm I, and significantly high Br/Cl (6.1–14.7 × 10–3) and high I/Cl (91–302 × 10–6) molar ratios that likely result from the preferential incorporation of Br and I into the brine phase compared to Cl entering the vapor phase during fluid phase separation. Based on fluid inclusion microthermometry results, the Rayleigh fractionation simulation shows that the Br/Cl and I/Cl ratios of the brine are estimated to be up to 18 × 10–3 and 500 × 10–6 during the formation of scapolite. These results reveal halogen fractionation during the vapor-brine phase separation of hydrothermal fluids. This view has implications for interpreting the halogen systematics of scapolite and other minerals formed in similar environments, particularly when they are used as a fluid tracer.
تێڕوانینی مامۆستایانی زانکۆ سەبارەت بە گرنگیپێدانی تەلەڤیزیۆنی دیجیتاڵی لەبونیادنانی کلتوری ژینگەیی لەهەرێمی کوردستاندا
Authors: Muhammed Salam Nasradeen , Rasool Hawre Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

توێژینه‌وه‌ى زانستى له‌بنه‌ڕه‌تداسۆراغ ولێکۆڵینەوەی (دیارده‌) یەکە، له‌و ڕوانگەوە ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌ زانستیه‌ توێژینەوەیەکی مەیدانی یەو بەگوێرەی میتۆدی وەسفی و پیادەکردنی ڕێبازی ڕوپێوی لەومیتۆدەدا ئەنجامدراوەو(فۆڕمى ڕاپرسی) وه‌ك ئامڕازى كۆكردنه‌وه‌ى زانیاری به‌كارهێناوه‌.
لە گرنگترین ئامانجەکانی توێژینەوەکە بریتیە لە :
أ- زانینی ئاستی چەندێتی گرنگیپێدانی تەلەڤیزیۆنی دیجیتاڵی بەبنەما جیاوازەکانی بونیادنانی کلتوری ژینگەیی:(بنەما مەعریفی،بنەما کۆمەڵایەتی، بنەما دامەزراوەیی) ەکان بەگوێرەی ڕای مامۆستایانی زانکۆ.
ب- زانینی تیڕوانینی مامۆستایانی زانکۆ بەپێی هەریەکە لە ( ڕەگەز، نازناوی زانستی، بەشە زانستیە پسپۆڕیەکان) سەبارەت بەچەندێتی گرنگیپێدانی تەلەڤیزیۆنی دیجیتاڵی بە بونیادنانی کلتوری ژینگەیی.
كۆمه‌ڵگه‌ى توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌ له‌ڕووى میدیاییه‌وه پیکهاتووە لە (سەرجەم کەناڵە تەلەفیزیۆنیە دیجیتاڵیەکانی ھەرێمی کوردستان)، لەچوارچێوەی ئەوکۆمەڵگایەدا کەناڵە تەلەڤیزیۆنیە دیجیتاڵیەکانی: (GavTv،Kurdsat webTv ،Rudaw webTv، web Tv Halabja) وەک سامپڵی توێژینەوە وەرگیراون.
لەبەرانبەردا كۆمه‌ڵگه‌ى توێژینەوەکە لەڕووی مرۆییەوە (سەرجەم زانکۆ حکومیەکانی هەرێمی کوردستان) ی لەخۆگرتووەو‌ تیایدا (سەرجەم مامۆستایانی بەشە پسپۆڕیەکانی: ڕاگەیاندن، ژینگە،کۆمەڵناسی، کاری کۆمەڵایەتی، جوگرافیا،گەشتوگوزار) لە سەرجەم زانکۆ حکومیەکانی هەرێمی کوردستاندا بەسامپڵی مرۆیی توێژینەوەکە دیاریکراون و سەرجەمیان بەبێ جیاکاری بە شێو ەی گشتگیر(حصرشامل) وەرگیراون.
هاوکات گریمانەی توێژینەوەکە پێیوایە کە: جیاوازی ئاماری هەیە لە نێوان تیڕوانینی مامۆستایانی زانکۆ بە گوێرەی (ڕەگەز، نازناوی زانستی، بەشە زانستیە پسپۆڕیەکان) سەبارەت بەچەندێتی گرنگیپێدانی تەلەڤیزیۆنی دیجیتاڵی بەبونیادنانی کلتوری ژینگەیی.
هاوکات گرنگترین دەرئەنجامی توێژینەوەکەش خۆی دەبینێتەوە لە :
أ- کەناڵە تەلەڤیزیۆنیە دیجیتاڵیەکان بە ئاستێکی (لاواز) گرنگیان بە هەریەک لە ( بنەما مەعریفیەکان، بنەما کۆمەڵایەتیەکان، بنەما دامەزراوەییەکان) ی کلتوری ژینگەیی داوە.
ACCESIBILIDAD AL PRIMER CONTROL DE EMBARAZO EN UN CENTRO DE SALUD DE LA CIUDAD DE MONTEVIDEO
Authors: Stein Ana Claudia , Ferreira Augusto 
Published: April 2023

El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar las principales dificultades de accesibilidad por las cuales un grupo de mujeres embarazadas no realizó el control precoz del mismo. Es un diseño explicativo, de corte transversal y de enfoque cuantitativo. Se entrevistó a 80 mujeres embarazadas que aguardaban en sala de espera de la consulta gineco obstétrica en el período transcurrido entre Diciembre de 2010 a Marzo de 2011. Se les aplicó un cuestionario con preguntas referidas al primer control de embarazo, tales como: fecha en que pidió cita y en la que asistió; la edad gestacional al primer control prenatal; las dificultades propias de las usuarias y las presentadas desde el Centro de Salud. Para el análisis de los datos se tomaron dos grupos: las que realizaron el primer control hasta las 12 semanas y las que lo hicieron posterior a las 12 semanas. Este estudio mostró que existen problemas por los que algunas embarazadas consultan en forma tardía al primer control. En algunos casos estos inconvenientes obedecían a factores propios de la embarazada y en otros al Centro donde se controlaban. La demora en conseguir hora para atenderse fue la causa que predominó.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS WEB TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH EVALUASI PROSES DAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN UNIVERSITAS BATURAJA
Authors: Yunarti Yelmi , Ningsih Sulia 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect ivenes of web-based teaching materials on student learning achievement in the evaluation of learning process and achievement course of Baturaja University. This experimental study used one group pretest postest design. There were 32 of fifth semester students participated in this study. Testing was used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using t test and computed through SPSS 22. The results showed that the significant value was 0.000 which were less than 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05). This means that there was significant difference between students’ pretest postest scores. From the result, it could be conclude that web based teaching materials were effectively used to improve students’ learning achievement.Keywords: Web-based teaching materials, learning achievement, evaluation of learning process and achievement course
In a Time of War, a Political-and-Practical Theology: First Steps, Concrete Steps
Authors: Lombaard Christoffel , Geikina Laima 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Supporting a sustainable world in a situation of war is the background to this study. Additionally, interdisciplinarity forms a part of the dialogical ecosystem of searching for suitable solutions in a complex reality. For such purposes, in this contribution, the co-authors reflect on an actual instance of war. The first author provides a theological, socio-political and philosophical framework for an understanding, based in realism, of the relationship between theology and politics. The second author provides a first-hand case description from Riga, Latvia, of a politically-linked ecumenical project to assist Ukrainian refugees from the Russian invasion.
Lightweight Chemical Detector as Possible Effective Device for CBRN Defence Equipment of Troops
Authors: Berek Tamás 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The CBRN detection indicates, by any means, the presence of a CBRN substance. One of the most important elements of this is the chemical detector. Detection of chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial materials is required for a timely warning of units. The equipment of CBRN reconnaissance organizations is a critical factor that fundamentally determines the ability of subunits. Thus, one of the technical pillars of the threat response can be considered the capability of CBRN reconnaissance instruments, including chemical detectors. In addition to the capacity of instruments for the detection and identification of chemical, biological and radioactive materials, their size and mass are also important factors for field application. When designing the equipment of CBRN reconnaissance subunits, it is important to create a detector collection suitable for the organization’s application purposes. The author of the article presents the key elements of CBRN defence and highlights the development of tools that are based on IMS technology.
Histoplasmosis in nasopharynx clinically mistaken for nasopharyngeal malignancy
Authors: Pol Jaydeep , Patil Pradipta , Pol Vaishali , Shinde Rajwardhan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Histoplasmosis is a rare type of fungal infection which may manifest as a respiratory disease or as a disseminated infection. It is common in immunocompromised patients and, in recent times, seen in association with COVID-19. On histopathological examination, many intracellular and extracellular yeast forms are seen, which can be confirmed by fungal stains. Histoplasmosis involving the nasopharyngeal region is quite rare. Till date, only less than 100 cases of pharyngo-laryngeal histoplasmosis have been reported. Such cases are clinico-radiologically easily and frequently mistaken for malignancy. Here, we report a case that initially had COVID-19-like symptoms and later presented with a nasopharyngeal mass clinico-radiologically mistaken as a nasopharyngeal malignancy. The diagnosis was established on histopathological examination and the patient recovered completely with anti-fungal treatment. A high grade of suspicion and thorough histopathological examination, especially in immunocompromised patients, complimented by fungal special stains is quite rewarding as even a disseminated disease is curable.
Una Marina integral para un país bioceánico, plurifluvial y potencia regional
Authors: Durán González Ernesto 
Published: April 2023

Derrotar las amenazas armadas de Colombia con resiliencia y pleno respeto por los derechos humanos ha traído un nuevo entorno estratégico en el sector Defensa; la amenaza ha cambiado y los recursos son limitados pero, con el tiempo, la Marina se ha estado preparando para ello. Los nuevos desafíos que se deben enfrentar incluyen bandas criminales, tráfico de drogas, ayuda humanitaria, Seguridad Nacional y otros.
Enfrentar estos desafíos es difícil en un entorno de importantes limitaciones presupuestales. El Ministerio de Defensa ha estado trabajando en la Planeación Basada en Capacidades para mitigar estos recortes a través de la compensación de las capacidades entre la Fuerzas. Sin embargo, la Armada Nacional en 2012 promulgó una Estructura de la Fuerza Naval hasta 2030 basada en objetivos de largo plazo y escenarios futuros. Este plan estratégico se actualizó en 2017 con el nuevo contexto que rige el desarrollo de la estructura de la Fuerza de acuerdo con la orientación estratégica del Ministerio de Defensa, presentando el Plan de Desarrollo 2030 Versión 2.0 con el concepto estratégico de “Armada mediana de proyección regional” bajo el marco del Pentágono Naval. Sumado a lo anterior, la marina sigue innovando y en este 2018 se adelantaron tareas importantes, donde los roles naturales de la infantería de Marina se proyectaron a través del CREi fluvial y jurisdiccional; se publicó el nuevo Modelo de Educación de la Armada (MEDAR); se reformó la estructura organizacional de Armada; y la proyección de la Dirección General Marítima (DIMAR) está en desarrollo continuo.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) dalam Proses Penyembuhan Tulang pada Model Hewan Coba: Systematic Review
Authors: Noverial Noverial , Putri Biomechy Oktomalio 
Published: April 2023

Bone injury causes thus, reduced productivity and death in the sufferer. Alternative treatment research was developed to speed up the bone healing process, including autologous treatments such as Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP). Objective: To assessed the effectiveness of PRP use in the bone healing process on studies with experimental animal models. Methods: This study was a systematic review research whose article searches through the databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect and ProQuest on English-language articles published from 2012-2022. The keywords used were ((bone healing OR fracture healing OR bone defect) AND (platelet rich plasma OR prp) AND (animal models)). Results: PRP was effective in accelerating bone regeneration in every experimental animal model in the early phases of healing, but not all studies have significant differences between groups that used PRP and those who did not. Conclusion: PRP has a positive impact in increasing bone mineral density, but the effectiveness of using PRP may vary from study result to study result, depending on the characteristics of the experimental animal model used in the study and the accuracy of concentration in the administration of PRP.Keywords: animal models, bone healing, platelet-rich plasma
Electrothermal Ice Protection Systems De-Icing: An Experimentally Validated Idealized Ice Shedding Model
Authors: Enache Adriana , Bernay Bruno , Glabeke Gertjan , Planquart Philippe , van Beeck Jeroen , Hendrick Patrick 
Published: April 2023

The increased use of electrothermal ice protection systems (ETIPSs) in various industries (manned and unmanned aviation, energy production) requires improvements to de-icing efficiency, ice shedding predictability, and energy consumption. To achieve these, a coupled numerical and experimental investigation of ETIPS’s ice removal (ice shedding) mechanism is presented in this paper. Idealized ETIPS de-icing experiments performed in the icing wind tunnel of the von Karman Institute show several ice shedding mechanisms. A one-dimensional phase change solver developed for ice melting simulations highlights the water layer thickness influence over the ice shedding process. Coupled numerical–experimental results are employed to develop an idealized ice shedding model. The model is validated in realistic de-icing experiments in a second experimental campaign in the icing wind tunnel of the LeClerc Icing Research Laboratory.