bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The competing influence of psychological job control on family‐to‐work conflict
Authors: Kost Dominique , Kopperud Karoline , Buch Robert , Kuvaas Bård , Olsson Ulf Henning 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPsychological job control has typically been negatively related to work‐to‐family and family‐to‐work conflict. Based on the job demand‐resource model and boundary theory, we argue that psychological job control may indirectly be positively related to family‐to‐work conflict by both increasing supplemental work, that is, the rate of engagement in work outside of formal working hours without receiving compensation aided by mobile technology, and work‐to‐family conflict. We hypothesize that this proposed positive indirect relationship will be lower among employees who perceive a high segmentation norm at their workplace. Based on a two‐wave study of 4518 employees, we obtained support for a serial moderated mediation model that suggests a dual effect of psychological job control on family‐to‐work conflict, such that psychological job control was positively associated with family‐to‐work conflict through supplemental work and work‐to‐family conflict at low levels of segmentation norms. By examining the dual effects of psychological job control, this study aims to further understand the mechanisms involved in determining whether and when psychological job control, together with supplemental work, encourages employees to uphold or cross boundaries between work and nonwork domains. Our findings imply that psychological job control can both be a resource and a demand depending on the levels of segmentation norms.
Melatonin restores endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis to protect injured neurons in a rat model of chronic cervical cord compression
Authors: Yao Min , Pu Pei‐min , Li Zhuo‐yao , Zhu Ke , Zhou Long‐yun , Sun Yue‐Li , Dai Yu‐xiang , Cui Xue‐jun , Wang Yong‐jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) refers to a chronic injury of the cervical cord caused by cervical intervertebral disc degeneration. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is essential to counteract neuronal apoptosis. ER stress, an integral part of ER homeostasis, was observed in a rat model of chronic cervical cord compression in our previous study. However, the correlation between ER homeostasis and CSM remains unknown. The antioxidant melatonin is known to exert therapeutic effects in acute spinal cord injury, but the specific effects and their potential mechanisms in the pathological processes of CSM require further exploration. The present study hypothesized that ER homeostasis is essential for neuronal apoptosis in the CSM and that melatonin maintains this homeostasis. The results showed that ER stress led to neuronal apoptosis in rats with chronic cervical cord compression. Conversely, melatonin attenuates protein kinase R‐like ER kinase‐eukaryotic initiation factor 2α‐C/EBP‐homologous protein, inositol‐requiring enzyme 1, and transcription factor 6 signaling pathways to release ER stress and prevents Bax translocation to the mitochondrion, thereby promoting motor recovery and protecting neurons in vivo. It also rescued primary rat cortical neurons from ER stress‐induced glutamate toxicity in vitro. Moreover, melatonin remodels the ER morphology and restores homeostasis via ER‐phagy in injured neurons. FAM134B, CCPG1, RTN3, and Sec. 62 are four known ER‐phagy receptors. In this study, Sec. 62 was identified as a key melatonin factor in promoting ER‐phagy and restoring ER homeostasis in damaged neurons in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, melatonin suppresses neuronal apoptosis by reducing ER stress and promoting ER‐phagy to restore ER morphology and homeostasis. The current results suggested that melatonin is a promising treatment for CSM owing to its restorative effect on ER homeostasis; however, well‐designed randomized controlled trials must be carried out to further investigate its clinical effects.
A Data-Fusion Method for Uncertainty Quantification of Mechanical Property of Bi-Modulus Materials: An Example of Graphite
Authors: He Zigang , Zhang Liang , Li Shaofan , Ge Yipeng , Yan Tao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe different elastic properties of tension and compression are obvious in many engineering materials, especially new materials. Materials with this characteristic, such as graphite, ceramics, and composite materials, are called bi-modulus materials. Their mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus have randomness in tension and compression due to different porosity, microstructure, etc. To calibrate the mechanical properties of bi-modulus materials by bridging finite element method (FEM) simulation results and scarce experimental data, the paper presents a data-fusion computational method. The FEM simulation is implemented based on parametric variational principle (PVP), while the experimental result is obtained by digital image correlation (DIC) technology. To deal with scarce experimental data, maximum entropy principle (MEP) is employed for the uncertainty quantification (UQ) and calibration of material parameters and responses, which can retain the original probabilistic property of a priori data. The non-parametric p-box is used as a constraint for data fusion. The method presented in this paper can quantify the mechanical properties of materials with high uncertainty, which is verified by a typical example of bi-modulus graphite. It is possible to find applications in the real-time estimation of structural reliability by combining with digital twin technology in the future.
Association of race and receipt of regional anesthesia for hip fracture surgery
Authors: Schaar Adam N , Finneran John J , Gabriel Rodney A 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThere is evidence suggesting clinical benefits of regional anesthesia use in the setting of hip fracture repair, including reduced risk of death, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary complications and myocardial infarction. Thought the literature is mixed, the use of regional anesthesia in hip fracture surgery has not been studied for racial differences. We examined the association of race with neuraxial anesthesia and regional blocks in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.MethodsUsing American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, we identified patients ≥18 years old who were either white, black or Asian and underwent hip fracture surgery from 2014 to 2020. We reported unadjusted estimates of both regional and neuraxial anesthesia use by race and examined sociodemographic characteristics and health status differences. Two separate multivariable logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association of race with the receipt of (1) neuraxial anesthesia and (2) regional block (ie, peripheral nerve blocks, fascial plane blocks).ResultsThere were 104,949 patients who underwent hip fracture surgery, of whom 16,400 (15.6%) received a neuraxial anesthetic and 6264 (5.9%) received a regional block. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, compared with white patients, black patients (OR 0.67, 99% CI 0.59 to 0.75, p<0.001) had decreased odds, while Asian patients (OR 2.04, 99% CI 1.84 to 2.26, p<0.001) had increased odds for receipt of neuraxial anesthesia as a primary anesthetic. Black race (OR 1.35, 99% CI 1.17 to 1.55, p<0.001) was associated with increased odds for receiving a regional block compared with white patients.ConclusionsThe study suggests that racial differences exist with the utilization of regional anesthesia for hip fracture surgery. While the results of this study should not be taken as evidence for healthcare disparities, it could be used to support hypotheses for future studies that aim to investigate causes of disparities and corresponding patient outcomes.
Fifty Years of Global Cardiovascular Research in Africa: A Scientometric Analysis, 1971 to 2021
Authors: Noubiap Jean Jacques , Millenaar Dominic , Ojji Dike , Wafford Q. Eileen , Ukena Christian , Böhm Michael , Sliwa Karen , Huffman Mark D. , Mahfoud Felix 
Published: February 2023

Background
To analyze the quantity and impact of cardiovascular research done in Africa or coauthored by researchers based in Africa, their determinants, and the patterns of research collaboration.

Methods and Results

We retrieved data from Web of Science and additional sources. We analyzed temporal trends from 1971 to 2021 and geographical distribution, research impact using country‐level h‐index, international research cooperation, and associations of research quantity and quality using linear regression. The annual volume of cardiovascular research from Africa has increased from 4 publications in 1971 to 3867 in 2020 and currently represents ~3% of the global cardiovascular research output. Authors from South Africa (28.1%) and Egypt (24.1%) accounted for more than half of all publications from African countries, and they had the highest h‐index (209 and 111, respectively). Important collaborators outside Africa included the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Australia. The country's publication count was associated with larger population size (
P
<0.001), whereas the country's h‐index was associated with larger population size (
P
=0.001) and higher human development index (
P
=0.023). International collaboration was dominated by the United States, South Africa, United Kingdom, Egypt, and Canada. The level of collaboration between African countries was lower than their collaboration with non‐African countries.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular research output from African authors remains low, despite marked progress over the past 5 decades. These findings highlight the urgent need to improve the quantity and quality of cardiovascular research in Africa through increased investments, training of human resources, improved infrastructures, and expansion of collaborative research networks, particularly within Africa.
Communication Training Helps to Reduce Burnout During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wert Katey , Donaldson Angela M , Dinh Tri A , Montero Daniel P , Parry Rebecca , Renew J Ross , Yip Daniel S , Speicher Leigh 
Published: February 2023

Objective To determine the effectiveness of communication training and its impact on burnout among healthcare providers (physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners), in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods To evaluate the effectiveness of communication training on burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers participating in a Communication in Healthcare (CIH) module between October 31, 2019, through February 20, 2020, were identified using a scanned sign-in sheet. A 3-question online survey regarding the utilization of communication skills during the COVID-19 pandemic was sent via email. An ordinal scale was used to rate the effectiveness of the training on subsequent burnout and work satisfaction during the pandemic. Results Of the 98 surveys distributed via email, a total of 33 participants completed the survey. Seventy-three percent of respondents agreed that communication training helped prevent burnout, and 39% strongly agreed that the modules improved work satisfaction. Conclusion Our study found communication training was effective in reducing burnout in healthcare providers, in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants felt the communication tools learned from the training modules were useful in improving work satisfaction and communication with patients during the pandemic.
Resolving the hematopoietic stem cell state by linking functional and molecular assays
Authors: Jassinskaja Maria , Gonka Monika , Kent David G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
One of the most challenging aspects of stem cell research is the reliance on retrospective assays for ascribing function. This is especially problematic for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) research in which the current functional assay that formally establishes its HSC identity involves long-term serial transplantation assays that necessitate the destruction of the initial cell state many months before knowing that it was, in fact, an HSC. In combination with the explosion of equally destructive single-cell molecular assays, the paradox facing researchers is how to determine the molecular state of a functional HSC when you cannot concomitantly assess its functional and molecular properties. In this review, we will give a historical overview of the functional and molecular assays in the field, identify new tools that combine molecular and functional readouts in populations of HSCs, and imagine the next generation of computational and molecular profiling tools that may help us better link cell function with molecular state.
BRAFV600E mutational status assessment in cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms in a group of the Egyptian population
Authors: Yakout Nada M. , Abdallah Dina M. , Abdelmonsif Doaa A. , Kholosy Hassan Mahmoud , Talaat Iman M. , Elsakka Omayma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Melanocytic neoplasms range from banal nevi to malignant melanomas. The genetic background has been extensively studied in the Caucasian population. BRAF mutations were reported among the early driver mutations in nevogenesis. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis in the Egyptian population has not been elucidated.

Aim and Methods
The present study was carried out to assess the sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the RM-08 clone in reference to allele-specific real-time PCR (CAST-PCR) for the detection of the BRAF V600E mutation in 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of melanocytic neoplasms with prior bleaching using hydrogen peroxide in Tris-HCL and Bovine Serum Albumin respectively.

Results
IHC staining was interpreted using staining reaction (positive versus negative) and staining pattern (negative and heterogeneous versus homogenous). Using the staining pattern, the specificity increased from 73.3 to 88.2%, the negative predictive value increased from 73.3 to 100%, the diagnostic accuracy increased from 71.4 to 90.48% and the overall accuracy increased from 69.9 to 77.3%. The sensitivity and positive predictive value remained unchanged. The K-agreement coefficient increased from 0.364 (fair agreement) to 0.741 (good agreement) and was statistically significant (p = 0.00). Next-generation sequencing was performed in 11 cases, 8 cases with IHC-positive and BRAFwild type in addition to 3 cases that failed PCR analysis and revealed no BRAF V600E. No statistically significant difference was found in the clinicopathological parameters between BRAFV600E and BRAF wild−type melanomas.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that IHC staining homogeneity may be more accurate in predicting BRAFV600E mutational status. However, IHC cannot replace molecular methods.
Barriers against and strategies for malaria control during the COVID-19 pandemic in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Park Jiwook , Kang Seungwoo , Seok Dayoung , Baek Yae Jee , An Se Young , Lee Junga , Jun Alina , Kim Sun-Young 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted malaria control activities globally. Notably, high levels of excess malaria morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were reported. Although it is crucial to systematically understand the main causes of the disruption to malaria control and synthesize strategies to prepare for future pandemics, such studies are scarce. Therefore, this study aims to better identify barriers against and strategies for malaria control.

Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines and through searches of electronic databases and Google Scholar, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies pertaining to malaria control published between January 2020 and December 2021. Only studies that discussed reported barriers and/or strategies related to malaria were included for the review. The Mixed Methods Quality Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date and Significance (AACODS) checklist were used for quality appraisal. Key information such as literature type, study design, setting and population, interventions, outcomes, barriers, and strategies were extracted. With an existing framework of four dimensions (accessibility, affordability, availability, and acceptability) further subdivided by the supply and demand sides, this study synthesized information on barriers and strategies related to malaria control and further categorized the strategies based on the time frame.

Results
From the 30 selected studies, 27 barriers and 39 strategies were identified. The lockdown measures, which mainly threatened geographic accessibility and availability of malaria control services, were identified to be the main barrier hindering effective mobilization of community health workers and resources. Among the identified strategies, clear risk communication strategies would alleviate psychosocial barriers, which challenged acceptability. Some strategies that cross-cut points across all four dimensions would, require systems-level integration to enhance availability and affordability of malaria control. The strategies were distinguished between short-term, for instant response, and mid to long-term for future readiness.

Conclusions
The pandemic resulted in complex barriers to malaria control, particularly imposing a double burden on LMICs. Identifying strategies to overcome said barriers provides useful insights in the decision-making processes for the current and future pandemic. Cross-cutting strategies that integrate all dimensions need to be considered. Health system strengthening and resilience strategy appropriate for country-specific context is fundamental.
Immunohistochemical based molecular subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: association with HER2 and EGFR alterations, neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and survival
Authors: Helal Duaa S. , Darwish Sara A. , Awad Radwa A. , Ali Dina A. , El-Guindy Dina M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMuscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) is a group of molecularly heterogonous diseases that could be stratified into subtypes with distinct clinical courses and sensitivities to chemotherapy. Clinical application of molecular subtypes could help in prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) responders. Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers such as GATA3, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, and p53 are associated with these subtypes and are widely available. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are mutated in multiple cancers including MIBC and are potential therapeutic targets. HER2/EGFR status of MIBC subtypes has not been investigated. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURB) specimens and stained with GATA3,CK5/6,p53 and HER2 in addition to Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR for detection of EGFR gene. Of the total cases, 45% were luminal, 36.7% basal and 18.3% p53 wild subtype (p53-WT). Univariate analysis showed that overall survival (OS) and disease-free progression survival (DFS) were significantly longer for luminal subtype. In multivariate analysis, molecular subtype, HER2 status and LV invasion were independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. Basal subtype showed a significantly better response to NAC. HER2 expression was significantly higher in luminal while EGFR expression was significantly higher in basal subtype. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed a significant longer OS and DFS for HER2 negative than positive cases. MIBC can be stratified using a simple IHC panel [GATA3,CK5/6,P53] into clinically relevant prognostic molecular subtypes. Basal tumors are aggressive and respond well to NAC while luminal have better OS. P53-WT tumors are chemoresistant and require further treatments. HER2 and EGFR are potential therapeutic targets for molecular subtypes of MIBC where luminal tumors are more likely to benefit from HER2 and basal from EGFR directed therapies.
Patient perceptions of facilitators and barriers to reducing hazardous alcohol use among people living with HIV in East Africa
Authors: Lewis-Kulzer Jayne , Mburu Margaret , Obatsa Sarah , Cheruiyot Julius , Kiprono Lorna , Brown Steve , Apaka Cosmas , Koros Hillary , Muyindike Winnie , Kwobah Edith Kamaru , Diero Lameck , Aluda Maurice , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Goodrich Suzanne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hazardous alcohol use among people living with HIV is associated with poor outcomes and increased morbidity and mortality. Understanding the hazardous drinking experiences of people living with HIV is needed to reduce their alcohol use.

Methods
We conducted 60 interviews among people living with HIV in East Africa with hazardous drinking histories. Interviews and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) scores were conducted 41 – 60 months after their baseline assessment of alcohol use to identify facilitators and barriers to reduced alcohol use over time.

Results
People living with HIV who stopped or reduced hazardous drinking were primarily motivated by their HIV condition and desire for longevity. Facilitators of reduced drinking included health care workers’ recommendations to reduce drinking (despite little counseling and no referrals) and social support. In those continuing to drink at hazardous levels, barriers to reduced drinking were stress, social environment, alcohol accessibility and alcohol dependency.

Conclusions
Interventions that capacity-build professional and lay health care workers with the skills and resources to decrease problematic alcohol use, along with alcohol cessation in peer support structures, should be explored.
“Sponge pattern” of the spleen: a rarely described high-frequency ultrasound pattern in HIV-positive patients
Authors: Heller Tom , Taccari Francesco , Rambiki Kelvin , Kumwenda Tapiwa , Brunetti Enrico , Wallrauch Claudia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The spleen is frequently scanned in workup of infections. Hypoechoic splenic micro-abscesses are known signs of disseminated tuberculosis in HIV co-infected patients. The spleen of HIV patients is thus often scanned using high-frequency transducers.

Methods and findings
We describe a reticulo-nodular “sponge pattern” in the spleen of an HIV-positive patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Disseminated throughout the spleen, very small (1.5–2.0 mm) hypoechoic lesions having a branching reticulo-nodular distribution were seen. The lesions partly, but not entirely, follow splenic vasculature. Review of stored images of other patients identified 15 more cases showing a similar pattern. All patients were HIV positive, almost all with CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm3. Seven (44%) were additionally diagnosed with HHV-8-associated diseases, but the pattern was seen with various underlying opportunistic infections.

Discussion and conclusion
After comparison with spleen microscopic anatomy, we hypothesize that the white pulp of spleens in our patients is hyperplastic or otherwise changed in consistency to be better visible by high-frequency ultrasound. Concomitant human herpesvirus-8 infection may be another cause of this visible white pulp. While we can only speculate about the etiology of the splenic “sponge pattern,” it needs to be recognized as it may be misinterpreted as splenic micro-abscesses of disseminated infections, like tuberculosis in severely immune-compromised patients.