bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithofacies variability and facies analysis of a Givetian reef in the southwestern Lahn Syncline (Rhenish Massif, Germany)
Authors: Königshof Peter , Loos Steffen , Rutkowski Julia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA 200 m thick drill core penetrating the Givetian Hahnstätten Reef in the southwestern Lahn Syncline (Rhenish Massif) was investigated. A range of different depositional environments is described based on lithofacies and microfacies analysis. All in all, nine lithofacies types (FTs) are distinguished, which can include subfacies types. The majority of lithofacies of these ultrapure carbonates is represented by lime mudstone and fenestral microbialites, all pointing to shallow subtidal, intertidal to even supratidal low-energy palaeoenvironments. In contrast, more high-energy parts of the reef were dominated by bioclastic rubble deposits (e.g. rudstone). Autochthonous, reef-building carbonates are represented by bafflestone and framestone. Diversity of reef building organisms (stromatoporoids and corals) is low and is dominated by Stachyodes, Actinostroma, Stromatopora, and Thamnopora and alveolitids, respectively. Other bioclasts are brachiopods, gastropods, ostracods, foraminifera, echinoderms, trilobites, and conodonts in descending order. Development of the Hahnstätten Reef is interpreted as having been controlled mainly by synsedimentary tectonics and volcanism with contributions from eustasy. The occurrence of Stringocephalus burtini in the entire section and conodont findings, which provide more precise biostratigraphic data confirm an early to middle Givetian age (Polygnathus rhenanus/varcus Zone to Polygnathus ansatus Zone) of the succession. The average quality of the ultrapure carbonates lies at 97.68% CaO (excl. loss of ignition), with 70% of the core ranging between 98% and 99% CaO. This extremely high purity makes it difficult to identify correlations between lithofacies and geochemical data.
Two-stage complex action recognition framework for real-time surveillance automatic violence detection
Authors: Lopez Dylan Josh Domingo , Lien Cheng-Chang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractViolent action classification in community-based surveillance is a particularly challenging concept in itself. The ambiguity of violence as a complex action can lead to the misclassification of violence-related crimes in detection models and the increased complexity of intelligent surveillance systems leading to greater costs in operations or cost of lives. This paper demonstrates a novel approach to performing automatic violence detection by considering violence as complex actions mitigating oversimplification or overgeneralization of detection models. The proposed work supports the notion that violence is a complex action and is classifiable through decomposition into more identifiable actions that could be easily recognized by human action recognition algorithms. A two-stage framework was designed to detect simple actions which are sub-concepts of violence in a two-stream action recognition architecture. Using a basic logistic regression layer, simple actions were further classified as complex actions for violence detection. Varying configurations of the work were tested, such as applying action silhouettes, varying activation caching sizes, and different pooling methods for post-classification smoothing. The framework was evaluated considering accuracy, recall, and operational speed considering its implications in community deployment. The experimental results show that the developed framework reaches 21 FPS operation speeds for real-time operations and 11 FPS for non-real-time operations. Using the proposed variable caching algorithm, median pooling results in accuracy reaching 83.08% and 80.50% for non-real-time and real-time operations. In comparison, applying max pooling results to recalls reached 89.55% and 84.93% for non-real-time and real-time operations, respectively. This paper shows that complex action decomposition is deemed to be an appropriate method through the comparable performance with existing efforts that have not considered violence as complex actions implying a new perspective for automatic violence detection in intelligent surveillance systems.
Analysis of the impact of demand response on the Norwegian energy system
Authors: Ahang Mohammadreza , Seljom Pernille Merethe Sire , Tomasgard Asgeir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEuropean CO2 reduction goals have led to an increase in variable energy sources such as wind and solar, and consequently to an energy system that will need more flexibility in the future. In Norway, the hydropower reservoirs will enable the country to play a crucial role in European electrification by delivering flexibility to countries in Northern Europe. A further source of flexibility is demand response (DR) accumulated in residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. The paper discusses DR, load shifting, and load shedding based on the application of a stochastic TIMES model and it evaluates the role of DR in the Norwegian energy system towards 2050. The analysis shows that cost-efficient DR operation primarily comes from space heating in residential buildings. The use of DR, which is season-dependent, increases the volume of electricity trade, including electricity export and import to neighboring countries, and it smooths electricity prices. The implementation of DR in Norway leads to decreases in expected electricity price and total system cost by exporting flexible electricity and importing low price electricity. Additionally, it affects hydropower and reservoir management.
Factors associated with adherence to BRCA1/2 mutation testing after oncogenetic counseling in long-surviving patients with a previous diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer
Authors: Actis Silvia , D’Alonzo Marta , Pace Luca , Mucciacito Serena , Bounous Valentina Elisabetta , Sgrò Luca Giuseppe , Mancarella Matteo , Ferrero Annamaria , Biglia Nicoletta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBRCA1/2 mutations account for 5 to 10% of breast and 15% of ovarian cancers. Various guidelines on BRCA1/2 genetic counseling and testing have been issued, and the criteria have evolved over the years. Oncogenetic counseling aims to inform patients about the possibility and implications of undergoing predictive testing and risk management programs. We analyzed a cohort of 50 subjects with a previous personal history of breast or ovarian cancer who had not been tested for BRCA1/2 mutations at the time of diagnosis but were found eligible according to the most recent guidelines. All patients were offered pre-test oncogenetic counseling and BRCA1/2 genetic testing. The mean time from cancer diagnosis to genetic counseling was over 10 years. We analyzed socio-demographic and psychological parameters associated with the decision to undergo BRCA1/2 genetic testing or the reasons behind the withdrawal. Thirty-nine patients underwent BRCA1/2 genetic testing. Patients who accept the genetic test communicate more easily with family members than those who refuse. Factors associated with test refusal are having a long-term partner and having a negative perception of life. There is a trend, although not statistically significant, toward younger age at cancer diagnosis, more likely to participate in cancer screening programs (71.8% vs. 45.5%), and more likely to have daughters (63.3% vs. 37.5%) in the group that accepted the test. The offer of BRCA testing was well accepted by our study population, despite the many years since the cancer diagnosis. With the perspective of further broadening the access criteria to genetic testing, it is important to understand how to best approach pre-test counseling in long-surviving patients with a previous diagnosis of cancer.
LED light can falsify pulse oximetry readings via the stroboscopic effect
Authors: Wald Martin , Erwin Peter , Annon-Eberharter Natalee , Werther Tobias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBecause of its simplicity, pulse oximetry plays a ubiquitous role in neonatology. Its measurements are based on the absorption of light by hemoglobin. Ambient light can affect these values, therefore algorithms are designed to compensate for constant ambient light. Modern light-emitting diodes often flicker at a very high frequency. Such flickering ambient light can lead to significant measurement errors in saturation. To present a novel way in which light-emitting diodes influence the function of pulse oximeters and to demonstrate mathematically that a stroboscopic effect may well be responsible for this disturbance. Using publicly available data, a mathematical model of a pulse oximeter with a calibration curve and a proprietary measurement algorithm was created. This was used to simulate saturation measurements in flickering ambient light. To do this, photopletysmograms for red and infrared light at 98% oxygen saturation were mathematically superimposed on the light emission from an examination lamp used in the intensive care unit. From these results, presumable saturation measurements from a pulse oximeter were extrapolated. The light-emitting diodes in the examination lamp flicker at 207 Hz. The pulsating light from the light-emitting diodes causes superimposition of the photoplethysmogram due to the stroboscopic effect. With increasing brightness, the saturation dropped to 85% and the pulse rate to 108 bpm. The pulsed light of light-emitting diodes can distort pulse oximetry measurements. The stroboscopic effect leads to low saturation values, which can lead to the risk of blindness in premature infants due to excessive oxygenation.
Experimental investigation of UAV rotor aeroacoustics and aerodynamics with computational cross-validation
Authors: Kostek Anna A. , Lößle Felix , Wickersheim Robin , Keßler Manuel , Boisard Ronan , Reboul Gabriel , Visingardi Antonio , Barbarino Mattia , Gardner Anthony D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study provided a base of comparison of known computational techniques with different fidelity levels for performance and noise prediction of a single, fixed-pitch UAV rotor operating with varying flight parameters. The range of aerodynamic tools included blade element theory, potential flow methods (UPM, RAMSYS), lifting-line method (PUMA) and Navier–Stokes solver (FLOWer). Obtained loading distributions served as input for aeroacoustic codes delivering noise estimation for the blade passing frequency on a plane below the rotor. The resulting forces and noise levels showed satisfactory agreement with experimental data; however, differences in accuracy could be noticed depending on the computational method applied. The wake influence on the results was estimated based on vortex trajectories from simulations and those visible in background-oriented schlieren (BOS) pictures. The analysis of scattering effects showed that influence of ground and rotor platform on aeroacoustic results was observable even for low frequencies.
Leveraging research infrastructure co-location to evaluate constraints on terrestrial carbon cycling in northern European forests
Authors: Futter Martyn N. , Dirnböck Thomas , Forsius Martin , Bäck Jaana K. , Cools Nathalie , Diaz-Pines Eugenio , Dick Jan , Gaube Veronika , Gillespie Lauren M. , Högbom Lars , Laudon Hjalmar , Mirtl Michael , Nikolaidis Nikolaos , Poppe Terán Christian , Skiba Ute , Vereecken Harry , Villwock Holger , Weldon James , Wohner Christoph , Alam Syed Ashraful 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntegrated long-term, in-situ observations are needed to document ongoing environmental change, to “ground-truth” remote sensing and model outputs and to predict future Earth system behaviour. The scientific and societal value of in-situ observations increases with site representativeness, temporal duration, number of parameters measured and comparability within and across sites. Research Infrastructures (RIs) can support harmonised, cross-site data collection, curation and publication. Integrating RI networks through site co-location and standardised observation methods can help answers three questions about the terrestrial carbon sink: (i) What are present and future carbon sequestration rates in northern European forests? (ii) How are these rates controlled? (iii) Why do the observed patterns exist? Here, we present a conceptual model for RI co-location and highlight potential insights into the terrestrial carbon sink achievable when long-term in-situ Earth observation sites participate in multiple RI networks (e.g., ICOS and eLTER). Finally, we offer recommendations to promote RI co-location.
Morelli-Włodarczyk cobordism and examples of rooftop flips
Authors: Barban Lorenzo , Franceschini Alberto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe introduce the notion of rooftop flip, namely a small modification among normal projective varieties which is modeled by a smooth projective variety of Picard number 2 admitting two projective bundle structures. Examples include the Atiyah flop and the Mukai flop, modeled respectively by $$\mathbb {P}^1\times \mathbb {P}^1$$

P

1

×

P

1

and by $$\mathbb {P}\left( T_{\mathbb {P}^2}\right) $$

P

T

P

2

. Using the Morelli-Włodarczyk cobordism, we prove that any smooth projective variety of Picard number 1, endowed with a $${\mathbb C}^*$$

C

∗

-action with only two fixed point components, induces a rooftop flip.
Exploring the Role of Sprint Biomechanics in Hamstring Strain Injuries: A Current Opinion on Existing Concepts and Evidence
Authors: Bramah Christopher , Mendiguchia Jurdan , Dos’Santos Thomas , Morin Jean-Benoȋt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHamstring strain injuries are one of the most common injuries in sprint-based sports with the mechanism of injury considered the result of an interaction between applied mechanical strain and the capacity of the muscle to tolerate strain. To date, injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies have frequently focused on enhancing the capacity of the hamstrings to tolerate strain, with little consideration of factors directly influencing mechanical strain. Sprint running biomechanics are one factor proposed to influence the mechanical strain applied to the hamstrings that may be modified (towards reduced strain) within rehabilitation and injury prevention programs. This article aims to explore the theoretical mechanistic link between sprint running mechanics and hamstring strain injury, along with the available supporting evidence. In doing so, it hopes to provide practitioners with an understanding of mechanical parameters that may influence hamstring strain injury whilst also identifying areas for further research exploration.
Aussagekraft von Prokollagen Typ I aminoterminales Propeptid (P1NP) als Knochenaufbaumarker
Authors: Oremek G. M. , Holzgreve F. , Maurer-Grubinger C. , Diaremes P. , Erbe C. , Ohlendorf D. 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende informative Zusammenfassung über den Knochenaufbaumarker Prokollagen Typ I aminoterminales Propeptid (P1NP) wird im Rahmen der Serie „Biomarker“ des Zentralblatts für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie publiziert und dient als Fortbildung für Arbeitsmediziner*innen. Sie beschäftigt sich mit dem immer häufigeren Gebrauch der Bestimmung von spezifischen Markern bei sog. Manager-Vorsorgen und Check-up-Untersuchungen. P1NP zeigt eine hohe Sensitivität und Spezifität aber eignet sich grundsätzlich nicht als Screening-Parameter zur Frühdiagnostik oder für Vorsorgen, da es ein Marker zur Therapie‑, Verlaufs- und Rezidivkontrolle von Knochenmetastasen ist.
Zusammenhang zwischen Overcommitment und Burnout-Risiko bei ukrainischen und deutschen Kindergartenerzieherinnen
Authors: Kuhrmeier Marian , Darius Sabine , Lysak Maryna , Zavgorodnij Igor , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungPsychische Belastungen im Erzieherberuf können Beeinträchtigungen der Gesundheit bei den Erzieherinnen hervorrufen. Ziel der Querschnittsstudie war es, Zusammenhänge einer übersteigerten beruflichen Verausgabungsneigung (Overcommitment, OC) mit dem Burnout-Risiko länderübergreifend bei deutschen (D) und ukrainischen (U) Erzieherinnen zu analysieren. Die Stichprobe von 292 Befragten bestand aus 185 deutschen und 107 ukrainischen Kindergartenerzieherinnen. Das OC und das Burnout-Risiko wurden mittels standardisierter Fragebögen in deutscher bzw. russischer Sprache erhoben. Bei über 70 % der Studienteilnehmerinnen lag ein normales OC vor. 25,4 % der deutschen und 22,4 % der ukrainischen Erzieherinnen zeigten ein kritisches OC (> 18 Punkte) und teilweise bereits einige Burnout-Symptome. Ein Burnout-Risiko war insgesamt bei 4,9 % (D) bzw. 2,8 % (U) der Erzieherinnen vorhanden. In beiden Teilstichproben korrelierte das OC positiv mit den Dimensionen emotionale Erschöpfung (r = 0,410 (D); bzw. = 0,496 [U]) und Zynismus (r = 0,225 [D]; bzw. = 0,444 [U]) sowie dem Burnout-Risiko (r = 0,336 [D] bzw. = 0,495 [U]). Ein kritisches OC hat möglicherweise einen negativen Einfluss auf die psychische Gesundheit und kann das Burnout-Risiko erhöhen. Präventive Maßnahmen sollten, insbesondere bei Erzieherinnen mit einem kritischen OC, ergriffen werden, um den psychischen Beeinträchtigungen entgegenwirken zu können. Ressourcenorientierte Ansätze könnten das Angebot ergänzen.
Prospects of BRICS currency dominance in international trade
Authors: Coquidé Célestin , Lages José , Shepelyansky Dima L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring the April 2023 Brazil–China summit, the creation of a trade currency supported by the BRICS countries was proposed. Using the United Nations Comtrade database, providing the frame of the world trade network associated to 194 UN countries during the decade 2010–2020, we study a mathematical model of influence battle of three currencies, namely, the US dollar, the euro, and such a hypothetical BRICS currency. In this model, a country trade preference for one of the three currencies is determined by a multiplicative factor based on trade flows between countries and their relative weights in the global international trade. The three currency seed groups are formed by 9 eurozone countries for the euro, 5 Anglo-Saxon countries for the US dollar and the 5 BRICS countries for the new proposed currency. The countries belonging to these 3 currency seed groups trade only with their own associated currency whereas the other countries choose their preferred trade currency as a function of the trade relations with their commercial partners. The trade currency preferences of countries are determined on the basis of a Monte Carlo modeling of Ising type interactions in magnetic spin systems commonly used to model opinion formation in social networks. We adapt here these models to the world trade network analysis. The results obtained from our mathematical modeling of the structure of the global trade network show that as early as 2012 about 58% of countries would have preferred to trade with the BRICS currency, 23% with the euro and 19% with the US dollar. Our results announce favorable prospects for a dominance of the BRICS currency in international trade, if only trade relations are taken into account, whereas political and other aspects are neglected.
From antimicrobial to anticancer: the pioneering works of Prof. Luiz Rodolpho Travassos on bioactive peptides
Authors: Koskela Saara A. , Figueiredo Carlos R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProf. Luiz Rodolpho Travassos, a distinguished Brazilian scientist, was instrumental in fostering an interdisciplinary research approach that seamlessly combined microbiology and oncology. This work has opened new pathways into the understanding of tumorigenesis and aided in the development of innovative therapeutic tools. One significant area of his work has been the exploration of bioactive peptides, many of which were first identified for their antimicrobial properties. These peptides demonstrate promise as potential cancer therapeutics due to their selectivity, cost-effectiveness, ease of synthesis, low antigenicity, and excellent tissue penetration. Prof. Travassos’ pioneering work uncovered on the potential of peptides derived from microbiological sources, such as those obtained using phage display techniques. More importantly, in international cooperation, peptides derived from complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) that showed antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans further showed to be promising tools with cytotoxic properties against cancer cells. Similarly, peptides derived from natural sources, such as the gomesin peptide, not only had shown antimicrobial properties but could treat cutaneous melanoma in experimental models. These therapeutic tools allowed Prof. Travassos and his group to navigate the intricate landscape of factors and pathways that drive cancer development, including persistent proliferative signaling, evasion of tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of programmed cell death, and cellular immortality. This review examines the mechanisms of action of these peptides, aligning them with the universally recognized hallmarks of cancer, and evaluates their potential as drug candidates. It highlights the crucial need for more selective, microbiology-inspired anti-cancer strategies that spare healthy cells, a challenge that current therapies often struggle to address. By offering a comprehensive assessment of Prof. Travassos’ innovative contributions and a detailed discussion on the increasing importance of microbiology-derived peptides, this review presents an informed and robust perspective on the possible future direction of cancer therapy.
Placental Pathology Findings in Unexplained Pregnancy Losses
Authors: Thompson Beatrix B. , Holzer Parker H. , Kliman Harvey J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere are approximately 5 million pregnancies per year in the USA, with 1 million ending in miscarriage (a loss occurring prior to 20 weeks of gestation) and over 20,000 ending in stillbirth at or beyond 20 weeks of gestation. As many as 50% of these losses are unexplained. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of expanding the placental pathology diagnostic categories to include the explicit categories of (1) dysmorphic chorionic villi and (2) small placenta in examining previously unexplained losses. Using a clinical database of 1256 previously unexplained losses at 6–43 weeks of gestation, the most prevalent abnormality associated with each loss was determined through examination of its placental pathology slides. Of 1256 cases analyzed from 922 patients, there were 878 (69.9%) miscarriages and 378 (30.1%) antepartum stillbirths. We determined the pathologic diagnoses for 1150/1256 (91.6%) of the entire series, 777/878 (88.5%) of the miscarriages (< 20 weeks’ gestation), and 373/378 (98.7%) of the stillbirths (≥ 20 weeks’ gestation). The most common pathologic feature observed in unexplained miscarriages was dysmorphic chorionic villi (757 cases; 86.2%), a marker associated with genetic abnormalities. The most common pathologic feature observed in unexplained stillbirths was a small placenta (128 cases; 33.9%). Our classification system reinforced the utility of placental examination for elucidating potential mechanisms behind pregnancy loss. The improved rate of diagnosis appeared to be the result of filling a gap in previous pregnancy loss classification systems via inclusion of the categories of dysmorphic chorionic villi and small placenta.
Graphical Abstract