bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferrocene Catalyzed Radical Cascade Cyclization of Aryl 1,6‐Diynes: Access to Cyanoalkylsulfonyl Fluorenes
Authors: Sriram Ajmeera , Mohamathu Ghouse Abuthayir , Murthy Akondi Srirama 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA ferrocene‐catalyzed cyanoalkylsulfonylative radical cascade cyclization of aryl 1,6‐diynes using cycloketone oxime esters and DABCO.(SO₂)₂ (DABSO) is reported. The reaction proceeds with notable chemo‐ and regioselectivity, without requiring additional oxidants or reductants. Interestingly, the methodology facilitates the formation of an unprecedented dicyanoalkylsulfonylated derivative in the case of electronically deficient aryl 1,6‐diynes. Additionally, this transformation is compatible with substrates derived from drugs and bioactive molecules, highlighting its synthetic utility.
The Global RAdical Cystectomy Evaluation and Management (GRACEM) pathway: single‐centre prospective observational cohort study protocol
Authors: Bernardini Bruno , Piccioni Federico , Pastore Manuele , Casale Paolo , Buffi NicolòMaria , Lughezzani Giovanni , Lazzeri Massimo , Saita Alberto , Fantacci Maria Vittoria , Mancon Stefano , Dagnino Filipo , Contieri Roberto , Brin Pietro , Mancin Stefano , Gobbo Andrea , Martucci Maria Rosaria , Cerina Giovanna , Ghirmai Sara , Lanza Ezio , Goretti Giulia , Guazzoni Giorgio Ferruccio , Hurle Rodolfoi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDespite guideline recommendations, few institutions have implemented clinical pathways that incorporate frailty into routine decision‐making for patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). This paper presents an integrated clinical pathway designed to address the needs of frail patients undergoing RC. The purpose of the study is to determine whether a multifaceted prevention programme that tailors interventions to the syndromic components of frailty can improve postoperative morbidity and recovery time for patients. New insights will be gained into how to optimize the physical and mental status and quality of life of patients before and after surgery, up to 1 year later.Study designThe Global RAdical Cystectomy Evaluation and Management (GRACEM) study is a prospective, observational, single‐centre, 2‐year cohort study. Patient enrolment began on 27 April 2023, and results are pending.EndpointsThe primary endpoints are postoperative morbidity and the in‐hospital postoperative care burden. Postoperative morbidity is measured by the number of early (up to 1 month) and late (over 1 month and up to 12 months) complications, graded by severity according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. In‐hospital postoperative care burden is measured by the number and duration of key care processes as recorded by the Care Process Monitoring Chart, a tool developed for this study. Secondary endpoints are changes in frailty and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) from pre‐intervention to planned follow‐up up to 1 year. Frailty is assessed with the Functional Limitations and Geriatric Syndromes Frailty Questionnaire (FLIGS‐FQ), another ad hoc tool. HRQoL is assessed using the EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire combined with the cystectomy‐specific FACT‐Bl‐cys index from the first month of follow‐up.Patients and methodsThe GRACEM study includes patients with non‐metastatic, histologically confirmed, muscle‐infiltrating bladder cancer who underwent RC surgery with curative intent. This study is unique in that the GRACEM Core Team shares decision‐making throughout the pathway, from before the intervention to the end of the patient's follow‐up. The pathway involves the patient, family members and community services.
Novel Variants of IGF2 Gene Are Linked With Neural Tube Defects‐An In Silico to Clinical Approach in West Bengal, India
Authors: Paul Nirvika , Sadhukhan Susanta , Chatterjee Srilagna , Das Anwesha , Munian Dinesh , Ganguly Kausik , Bankura Biswabandhu , Ghosh Krishnendu , Ghosh Sudakshina , Das Madhusudan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNeural tube defects (NTDs) are defined as an incomplete closure of the neural tube (NT), with a prevalence of 1.2 per 1000 live births around the world. Methylation of the maternally imprinted gene Insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is one of the epigenetic mechanisms that contribute significantly to the development of NTDs. Its important functions are the fetal growth and metabolism, as well as cell division and differentiation.ObjectivesIn a couple of studies, individual changes in IGF2 with single nucleotide variants (SNVs) have been found to be linked with NTDs as well as with other diseases. However, there is more need of studying so that we can better understand precisely this mechanism at the molecular level. In this study we tried to investigate the relationship between genetic variants of IGF2 and NT closure by screening all SNVs of IGF2 using both in silico methods and clinical experiments on human samples.MethodsWe enrolled 98 consecutive mothers carrying fetuses with NTDs as cases and 76 age‐matched mothers with healthy babies as controls. Following an in silico analysis of the IGF2 gene, we designed three primers targeting a total of 180 exonic, 579 intronic, and 46 variants in the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent sequencing. Statistical analyses were performed to assess associations between these genetic variants and NTDs. Additionally, quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was conducted to analyze the mRNA expression levels of the target gene.ResultsThis is the first study to enlist 11 non‐synonymous variants [rs750845881(D93N), rs1290256492(P87H), rs755066389(P87T), rs150610908(G65D), rs762200142(R64C), rs868067982(G49C), rs778465733(R48L), rs1018841144(R48C), rs1057518115(C33R), rs112276039(C22R), rs1240151267(L16W)] in the regulation of IGF2 gene functions through in silico analysis. Further clinical validation in maternal samples showed a significant association between rs3213225 (C > T) (OR‐2.076; CI‐1.123‐3.840; p‐0.0209) and rs734351 (C > T) (OR‐2.148; CI‐1.167‐3.956; p‐0.0148) with increased disease risk. RNA expression study validated and supported all of these SNVs, indicating a strong correlation with NTD.ConclusionsOur research strongly suggests that genetic variations in IGF2 may help explain the risk association with NTDs and could be valuable for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Perspectives on postbaccalaureate PEERS: Advocacy and empowering communities
Authors: Kao Robert Miintzuoh 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe impact of Covid‐19 pandemic has dramatically shifted the education landscape between recent college and university graduates and pathways to graduate degrees. In my perspective article, I wish to share the challenges, reflections, and a call‐to‐action framework in ways we can support and advocate for postbaccalaureate persons excluded because of their ethnicity of race, or from a structurally marginalized community or PEERS through the lens of mindfulness, humility, reflection, and deep listening. Through cross‐institutional community network support, culturally responsive mentoring of postbaccalaureate PEERS is one of the key dimensions in empowering communities toward health, environmental, and social justice.
Assessing the Causal Effect of Circulating Protein‐To‐Protein Ratio on the Risk of Morbidity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yue Qiuyuan , Li Xiaoxia , Wan Xiaoye , Lin Xi , Li Yueming , Zhang Mingwei , Xu Shaohua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveSeveral observational studies have identified an association between plasma proteins and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between the circulating protein‐to‐protein ratio and the morbidity risk of HCC.MethodsGenetic association data for circulating plasma proteins and 2821 protein‐to‐protein ratios were sourced from the UKB PPP and Suhre's study. Genetic association data for HCC were sourced from the FinnGen cohort (finngen‐R11‐HCC) and the IEU OpenGWAS project (ieu‐b‐4953). Subsequently, a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and drug‐targeted MR approach were used to evaluate causality associations. To bolster the robustness of our findings, we conducted a series of sensitivity analyses.ResultsEight protein–protein pairs were identified as causal factors for HCC in the two independent cohorts. For each standard deviation increase in protein–protein pair expression, susceptibility to HCC fluctuated from 0.4974 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2506–0.9871) for the LAT2/SPRY2 protein pair to 1.9763 (95% CI: 1.3009–3.0026) for the ERBIN/LAT2 protein pair. However, among the significant protein pairs, only one circulating protein, TDRKH (odds ratio: 0.5964, 95% CI: 0.4196–0.8476), was causally associated with HCC.ConclusionUsing multiple datasets and methods, eight protein–protein pairs were identified as having causal associations with HCC. Protein–protein interactions can provide meaningful findings beyond simple pQTL analysis.
Comprehensive Analysis of Elemental and Metabolite Composition in Boraginaceae Species From Türkiye
Authors: Kararenk Ayşe Cemre , Sönmez Hatice Rümeysa , Asgarli Tugay , Tekman Enes , Taeb Dişli Fatma , Yuca Hafize , Yaman Mehmet Emrah , Atila Alptuğ , Çeçen Ömer , Bona Mehmet , Karakaya Songül , Kiliç Ceyda Sibel , Duman Hayri , Güvenalp Zühal 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBoraginaceae plants, including four endemic species from Türkiye, were analyzed for organic and inorganic compositions using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to explore their nutritional, medicinal, and ecological significance. This study examined 18 species, identifying key elements, such as sodium (87 600.359–118 049.272 g/kg), potassium (98 876.885–145 587.899 g/kg), and iron (70 396.436–116 416.076 g/kg), which showed significant variation. Metabolite profiling revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in most samples. Additionally, 42 amino acids and 35 phenolic compounds were detected, with rosmarinic acid and proline being particularly abundant. Rosmarinic acid was most concentrated in Oi and Ml samples, whereas proline levels ranged from 3023.8086 to 7693.8549 nmol/mL. The study highlights the intricate metabolic and elemental profiles of Boraginaceae species, shedding light on their ecological adaptations and therapeutic potentials. Spearman correlation analysis suggested significant relationships among phenolic compounds, amino acids, and elemental compositions, indicating potential applications in nutrition, pharmacology, and biodiversity conservation.
Protocatechuic Acid Improves Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating the Cholinergic Synaptic Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Siwen , Li Songtao , SEMDE Rasmané , Teng Hongbo , Shi Mengqi , Huang Liang , Lou Xinru , Jia Beining , Zhu Hongyan , Zhao Yan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory decline and cognitive impairments. The clinical treatments for AD have numerous adverse effects; hence, the exploration of natural products for AD therapy is of significant importance. Protocatechuic acid (PA), a natural phenolic acid, has been shown to possess various pharmacological activities, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects. However, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential for AD remain elusive. This study utilized a β‐amyloid (Aβ) injection into the hippocampus of mice as an AD model and L‐glu‐induced HT‐22 cell neurotoxicity and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced cellular neuroinflammation models to assess reactive oxygen species (ROS), JC‐1, and relevant biochemical markers. This study examined behavioral, pathological, and inflammatory factors and investigated the molecular mechanisms through transcriptomics, western blot, and molecular docking studies. This study's findings reveal that high‐dose PA (50 mg/kg) improves symptoms in AD mice through the cholinergic synaptic signaling pathway. This study indicates that PA is a potential candidate for AD treatment targeting the cholinergic synaptic signaling pathway, providing a lead compound for AD therapy.
Batch and Continuous Synthesis of Well‐Defined Pt/Al2O3 Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Homocyclic LOHCs
Authors: Mahayni Yazan , Maurer Lukas , Baumeister Ina , Auer Franziska , Wasserscheid Peter , Wolf Moritz 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe controlled synthesis of supported Pt nanoparticles with well‐defined sizes in the range from 1.9 to 6.0 nm and their application in the dehydrogenation of cyclic liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) molecules are demonstrated. For this purpose, a colloidal approach with a stabilized Pt precursor solution including chemical reduction with aqueous solutions of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is used. Various synthesis parameters are varied and their effects on the properties of the Pt nanoparticles are studied. Additionally, the nanoparticles are supported on Al2O3 powder and the general suitability of the catalysts for the dehydrogenation of the LOHC perhydro benzyltoluene (H12‐BT) is demonstrated. The synthesis is then transferred from powder to shaped supports. Moreover, upscaling of the synthesis procedure to 50 g of well‐defined catalyst is realized without significant deviations in nanoparticle size but at the expense of a certain activity loss. Finally, a continuous synthesis of Pt/Al2O3 catalysts is implemented using a microfluidic reactor. The small‐scale, large‐scale, and continuous synthesis routes enable the preparation of defined catalysts resulting in a comparable Pt‐based productivity in the dehydrogenation of H12‐BT.
Electrochemical evolution of a metal oxyhydroxide surface on two‐dimensional layered metal phosphorus trisulfides enables the oxidation of amine to nitrile
Authors: Wu Binglan , Harrath Karim , Sendeku Marshet Getaye , Shifa Tofik Ahmed , Huang Yuxin , Tai Jing , Dajan Fekadu Tsegaye , Ibrahim Kassa Belay , Zhan Xueying , Wang Zhenxing , Moretti Elisa , Yang Ying , Wang Fengmei , Vomiero Alberto 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSelective oxidation of amines to imines through electrocatalysis is an attractive and efficient way for the chemical industry to produce nitrile compounds, but it is limited by the difficulty of designing efficient catalysts and lack of understanding the mechanism of catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate a novel strategy by generation of oxyhydroxide layers on two‐dimensional iron‐doped layered nickel phosphorus trisulfides (Ni1−xFexPS3) during the oxidation of benzylamine (BA). In‐depth structural and surface chemical characterizations during the electrocatalytic process combined with theoretical calculations reveal that Ni(1−x)FexPS3 undergoes surface reconstruction under alkaline conditions to form the metal oxyhydroxide/phosphorus trichalcogenide (NiFeOOH/Ni1−xFexPS3) heterostructure. Interestingly, the generated heterointerface facilitates BA oxidation with a low onset potential of 1.39 V and Faradaic efficiency of 53% for benzonitrile (BN) synthesis. Theoretical calculations further indicate that the as‐formed NiFeOOH/Ni1−xFexPS3 heterostructure could offer optimum free energy for BA adsorption and BN desorption, resulting in promising BN synthesis.
Tetrabutylammonium Chlorite as an Efficient Oxidant for Controlled Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides
Authors: Itabashi Yuki , Ogata Shuto , Shimada Yusuke , Kondo Minato , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Asahara Haruyasu , Ohkubo Kei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConsidering the demand for organosulfur materials and the challenges associated with currently used oxidation processes, in this study, we evaluated the counter‐cation of sodium chlorite (Na+ClO2−) with tetrabutylammonium chloride (Bu4N+Cl−) to synthesise tetrabutylammonium chlorite (Bu4N+ClO2−). Bu4N+ClO2− exhibited good solubility in organic solvents like chloroform (5.2 mol L−1) and ethyl acetate (2.8 mol L−1). The oxygenation reaction of organosulfides with Bu4N+ClO2− was examined in an HCl‐acidic ethyl acetate solution under ambient conditions, selectively forming the corresponding sulfoxides as mono‐oxygenated products. The reaction was initiated by the formation of chlorine dioxide (ClO2⋅) as an oxidant and an active species generated from Bu4N+ClO2− with HCl. This oxygenation method also enables the surface oxidation of sulfide polymers like polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resins to increase their surface hydrophilicity. Therefore, the use of Bu4N+ClO2− for applications in organic solvents is an efficient, and highly selective approach for selective oxidation.
Nucleophilic Functionalization of a Cationic Pentaphosphole Complex–A Systematic Study of Reactivity
Authors: Widmann Maximilian , Riesinger Christoph , Timoshkin Alexey Y. , Blank Philip M. , Scheer Manfred 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe systematic nucleophilic functionalization of the cationic pentaphosphole ligand complex [Cp*Fe(η4‐P5Me)][OTf] (A) with group 16/17 nucleophiles is reported. This method represents a highly reliable and versatile strategy for the design of novel transition‐metal complexes featuring twofold substituted end‐deck cyclo‐P5 ligands, bearing unprecedented hetero‐element substituents. By the reaction of A with classical group 16 nucleophiles, complexes of the type [Cp*Fe(η4‐P5MeE)] (E=OEt (1), OtBu (2), SPh (3), SePh (4)) are obtained. By transferring this protocol to group 17 nucleophiles, the highly sensitive complexes [Cp*FeP5(η4‐P5MeX)] (X=F (5), Cl (6), Br (7), I (8)) could be isolated. All products show exclusively 1,1'‐substitution at the cyclo‐P5 ring. Interestingly, further studies on the reactivity of the halogenated species revealed their ability to undergo ring‐opening reactions with cyclic ethers such as THF and ethylene oxide yielding [Cp*FeP5(η4‐P5MeOC4H8X)] (X=Br (9), I (10)) or [Cp*FeP5(η4‐P5MeOC2H4X)] (X=Br (11), I (12)), respectively. Furthermore, the use of acyclic ethers such as dimethoxyethane led to the formation of [Cp*FeP5(η4‐P5MeOC2H4OCH3)] (13) mediated by C−O bond cleavage, followed by subsequent P−O bond formation, as further enlightened by DFT calculations.
Room‐Temperature Vortex Fluidic Flow Chemistry Synthesis of Full Color Carbon Dots
Authors: Chen Dechao , Usman Zia Muhammad , Alharbi Thaar M. D. , Harmer Jeffrey R. , Raston Colin L. , Li Qin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) as a new class of photoluminescent zero‐dimension carbon nanoparticles have attracted significant research interests owing to their extraordinary opto‐electro‐properties and biocompatibility. So far, almost all syntheses of CDs require either heat treatment or exertion of high energy fields. Herein, a scalable room‐temperature vortex fluidic method is introduced to the CDs synthesis using the angled vortex fluidic device (VFD). By judicious selection of the solvent, typical CDs precursor of phenylenediamine has been converted into high crystalline CDs through VFD processing. The VFD‐synthesized CDs cover the full color spectrum from blue to red with the highest quantum yield of 45.6 %. The synthesis shows that the dynamic thin liquid film generated by VFD spun at high rotational speed (7–9 k RPM) is able to induce cycloaddition reactions. The new method for CD synthesis is facile, occurring under ambient conditions in the VFD, potentially offering industrial scaling up of production of full color carbon dots.
Metasurface Equipped Circularly Polarized Two‐Port Filtering Dielectric Reasonator Antenna for 2.5/2.6 GHz Band
Authors: Yadav Abhimanyu , Sharma Saurabh , Sigroha Deepak , Sharma Anand 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article presents the design and analysis of a dual‐port Al₂O₃‐based filtering antenna, commonly called a Filtenna. The feeding structure of the proposed Filtenna is engineered to generate two radiation nulls within the cylindrical ceramic. The initial single‐port Filtenna design is subsequently modified into a dual‐port configuration. A metasurface is introduced above the dual‐port radiator to enhance performance, enabling the conversion of linear waves into circularly polarized waves. Both experimental and simulation results show a strong agreement, confirming that the developed radiator operates efficiently within the 2.43–2.65 GHz frequency range with a mutual coupling level less than −25 dB. The final design, incorporating the metasurface, achieves a realized gain of 7.5 dBi, while also exhibiting an axial ratio within the frequency range 2.45–2.55 GHz. Outside of the targeted frequency range, the antenna's gain drops significantly, falling below −15 dB on the lower side and −17 dB on the upper side of the band. This makes the aerial design appropriate for WiMAX application.
Reactions of Binary Nitrides in Liquid Hydrogen Fluoride and the First Calcium Oxidofluoridometallate of a Group Six Element Ca[Mo2O2F9]2 ⋅ HF
Authors: Wassermann Tobias B. , Link Lukas , Niewa Rainer , Karttunen Antti J. , Kraus Florian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe reactions of the nitrides Mg3N2, Ca3N2, BN, Si3N4 and Mo2N with anhydrous liquid HF (aHF) were investigated at 20 and 80 °C. While BN, Si3N4, and Mo2N did not react under these conditions, Mg3N2 and Ca3N2 were converted to MgF2 and CaF2. In the reaction of Ca3N2 with MoF6 in aHF, adventitious moisture that diffused through the walls of the reaction vessel led to the formation of the compound Ca[Mo2O2F9]2 ⋅ HF. We then discovered that it can also be made directly from the reaction of CaCl2 with MoOF4 in aHF. The compound was characterized by single crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction and quantum‐chemical calculations on the solid allowed for the assignment of the IR and Raman bands.
A Review of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Heat Transfer and Flow Properties in Pipes
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Wang Du , Ren Xin , Xue Mujie , Wang Tingju , Wan Mingyuan , Wang Yucheng , Wang Hao 
Published: January 2025

Supercritical carbon dioxide (s‐CO2) has the characteristics of highly efficient and has been used in the engineering field. This article reviews the research progress on the heat transfer and flow properies in s‐CO2 tubes. To obtain the most accurate heat transfer and friction factor correlations, new correlations derived from experimental data are proposed, and the accuracy of the published correlations is assessed in conjunction with the experimental data. The results show how important variables such as mass flow, inlet temperature, and tube size relate to the properties of pressure drop and heat transfer in pipes that use s‐CO2 as the work material. The D‐M‐2011 heat transfer correlation had the highest accuracy, with 62.57% of the data having a relative deviation of less than ±20%, and the Wang‐2014 friction factor correlation had the highest accuracy, with 72.91% of the data having a relative deviation of less than ±20%. Considering the dimensionless number correction and segmented function correction to improve the correlation, 82.41% of the data in the new heat transfer correlation have a relative deviation less than ±20% and 83.53% of the data in the new friction factor correlation have a relative deviation less than ±20%.