bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of autophagy-related gene expression profiles identified five gene biomarkers associated with immune infiltration and advanced plaques in carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Ma Chi , Lu Taoyuan , He Yanyan , Guo Dehua , Duan Lin , Jia Rufeng , Cai Dongyang , Gao Tao , Chen Zhongcan , Xue Binghua , Li Tianxiao , He Yingkun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Autophagy plays an important role in the progression of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS). This study aimed to identify hub autophagy-related genes (ATGs) associated with CAS.

Methods
GSE43292 and GSE28829 datasets of early and advanced CAS plaques were enrolled from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed ATGs (DE-ATGs) was conducted. Functional enrichment assay was used to explore biological functions of DE-ATGs. The hub ATGs were identified by protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to validate hub ATGs at the protein level and mRNA level. Correlation analysis of hub ATGs with immune cells was also conducted. In addition, a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, and diagnostic value of hub ATGs was evaluated.

Results
A total of 19 DE-ATGs were identified in early and advanced CAS plaques. Functional enrichment analysis of DE-ATGs suggested that they were closely correlated to autophagy, apoptosis, and lipid regulation. Moreover, 5 hub ATGs, including TNFSF10, ITGA6, CTSD, CCL2, and CASP1, were identified and further verified by IHC. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the 5 hub ATGs were 0.818, 0.732, 0.792, 0.814, and 0.812, respectively. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks targeting the hub ATGs were also constructed. In addition, the 5 hub ATGs were found to be closely associated with immune cell infiltration in CAS.

Conclusion
In this study, we identified 5 hub ATGs including CASP1, CCL2, CTSD, ITGA6 and TNFSF10, which could serve as candidate diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Genetic diversity and bioinformatic analysis in the L1 gene of HPV genotypes 31, 33, and 58 circulating in women with normal cervical cytology
Authors: Mobini Kesheh Mina , Shavandi Sara , Azami Jalil , Esghaei Maryam , Keyvani Hossein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
HPV-31, -33, and -58, along with HPV-45 and -52, account for almost 11% of HPV-associated cancers. Our previous studies showed that after HPV-16 and -51, HPV-58 was common and HPV-31 was as frequent as HPV-18 among Iranian women with normal cytology. Hence, in this study, we aimed to investigate the intra-type variations in L1 genes of HPV-58, -31, and -33 to find the predominant lineages circulating in women with normal cytology.

Methods
Complete coding sequencing of the L1 gene was amplified and nucleotide and amino acid sequences were compared to those of the references. The selective pressure on L1 protein and whether the variations of the L1 genes embed in L1 loops, or N-glycosylated sites were also investigated.

Results
B1, A, and A1 (sub)lineages were common in the HPV-58, -33, and -31 samples, respectively. Ninety nucleotide mutations were observed. Twenty nine nucleotide changes corresponded to nonsynonymous substitutions in which seventeen mutations were located in L1 loops. Only one codon position in HPV-58 sequences was found as the positive selection. No difference was observed in N-glycosylation sites between reference and understudied amino acid sequences.

Conclusion
In the current study, we reported, for the first time, the (sub) lineages, amino acid, and genetic diversity in the L1 gene of circulating HPV-58, -33, and -31, in women with normal cytology, in Iran. Such studies can not only have epidemiological values, but also aid to set vaccination programs.
Patient-tailored transcranial direct current stimulation to improve stroke rehabilitation: study protocol of a randomized sham-controlled trial
Authors: Kolmos Mia , Madsen Mads Just , Liu Marie Louise , Karabanov Anke , Johansen Katrine Lyders , Thielscher Axel , Gandrup Karen , Lundell Henrik , Fuglsang Søren , Thade Esben , Christensen Hanne , Iversen Helle Klingenberg , Siebner Hartwig Roman , Kruuse Christina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany patients do not fully regain motor function after ischemic stroke. Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) targeting the motor cortex may improve motor outcome as an add-on intervention to physical rehabilitation. However, beneficial effects on motor function vary largely among patients within and across TDCS trials. In addition to a large heterogeneity of study designs, this variability may be caused by the fact that TDCS was given as a one-size-fits-all protocol without accounting for anatomical differences between subjects. The efficacy and consistency of TDCS might be improved by a patient-tailored design that ensures precise targeting of a physiologically relevant area with an appropriate current strength.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial, patients with subacute ischemic stroke and residual upper-extremity paresis will receive two times 20 min of focal TDCS of ipsilesional primary motor hand area (M1-HAND) during supervised rehabilitation training three times weekly for 4 weeks. Anticipated 60 patients will be randomly assigned to active or sham TDCS of ipsilesional M1-HAND, using a central anode and four equidistant cathodes. The placement of the electrode grid on the scalp and current strength at each cathode will be personalized based on individual electrical field models to induce an electrical current of 0.2 V/m in the cortical target region resulting in current strengths between 1 and 4 mA. Primary endpoint will be the difference in change of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) score between active TDCS and sham at the end of the intervention. Exploratory endpoints will include UE-FMA at 12 weeks. Effects of TDCS on motor network connectivity and interhemispheric inhibition will be assessed with functional MRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation.DiscussionThe study will show the feasibility and test the efficacy of personalized, multi-electrode anodal TDCS of M1-HAND in patients with subacute stroke patients with upper-extremity paresis. Concurrent multimodal brain mapping will shed light into the mechanisms of action of therapeutic personalized TDCS of M1-HAND. Together, the results from this trial may inform future personalized TDCS studies in patients with focal neurological deficits after stroke.
Promoting mental health and well-being in schools: examining mindfulness, relaxation and strategies for safety and well-being in English primary and secondary schools—study protocol for a multi-school, cluster randomised controlled trial (INSPIRE)
Authors: Hayes Daniel , Moore Anna , Stapley Emily , Humphrey Neil , Mansfield Rosie , Santos Joao , Ashworth Emma , Patalay Praveetha , Bonin Eva-Maria , Evans-Lacko Sara , Moltrecht Bettina , Nisbet Kirsty , Thornton Emma , Lange Aurelie , Stallard Paul , Thompson Abigail , Boehnke Jan Rasmus , Deighton Jessica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere are increasing rates of internalising difficulties, particularly anxiety and depression, being reported in children and young people in England. School-based universal prevention programmes are thought to be one way of helping tackle such difficulties. This paper describes an update to a four-arm cluster randomised controlled trial (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16386254), investigating the effectiveness of three different interventions when compared to usual provision, in English primary and secondary pupils. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the trial was put on hold and subsequently prolonged. Data collection will now run until 2024. The key changes to the trial outlined here include clarification of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, an amended timeline reflecting changes to the recruitment period of the trial due to the COVID-19 pandemic and clarification of the data that will be included in the statistical analysis, since the second wave of the trial was disrupted due to COVID-19.Trial registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN16386254. Registered on 30 August 2018.
Scandinavian trial of uncomplicated aortic dissection therapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rudolph Claudina , Lindberg Beate Rikken , Resch Timothy , Mani Kevin , Björkman Patrick , Laxdal Elín Hanna , Støvring Henrik , Beck Henriette Margrethe , Eriksson Gunnar , Budtz-Lilly Jacob 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background

Contemporary management of uncomplicated type B aortic dissections (uTBAD) is based on the acuity and various morphological features. Medical therapy is mandatory, while the risks of early thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) are balanced against the potential for rupture, complex surgery, and death. Improved aortic morphology following TEVAR is documented, but evidence for improved overall survival is lacking. The costs and impact on quality of life are also needed.

Methods
The trial is a randomized, open-label, superiority clinical trial with parallel assignment of subjects at 23 clinical sites in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. Eligibility includes patients aged ≥ 18 with uTBAD of < 4 weeks duration. Recruited subjects will be randomized to either standard medical therapy (SMT) or SMT + TEVAR, where TEVAR must be performed between 2–12 weeks from the onset of symptoms.

Discussion
This trial will evaluate the primary question of whether early TEVAR improves survival at 5 years among uTBAD patients. Moreover, the costs and the impact on quality of life should provide sorely needed data on other factors that play a role in treatment strategy decisions. The common Nordic healthcare model, with inclusion of all aortic centers, provides a favorable setting for carrying out this trial, while the robust healthcare registries ensure data validity.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05215587. Registered on January 31, 2022.
Growth characteristics and morphology of Paramoeba perurans from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. and ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta in Norway
Authors: Blindheim Steffen , Andersen Linda , Trösse Christiane , Karlsbakk Egil , Nylund Are 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Paramoeba perurans is the causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. and many other farmed marine fish species worldwide. The first cases of AGD in Norway were reported in 2006, and it has subsequently become established as a significant gill disease that affects the country’s salmonid aquaculture industry. Despite several decades of research on AGD, there is still a lack of knowledge of the biology of P. perurans and its interactions with its hosts and the environment.

Methods
The growth and morphology of 10 clonal isolates of P. perurans were studied. The isolates were from farmed Atlantic salmon and ballan wrasse that had been obtained from different sites along the Norwegian coast between 2013 and 2015. The morphology and population growth patterns of these clonal amoeba isolates were examined in vitro using light microscopy and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction under a range of temperatures (4, 12, 15 and 21 °C) and salinities (20, 25, 30 and 34 ‰).

Results
We found distinct morphological differences between both locomotive and floating forms of the amoeba isolates. The locomotive amoebae of the clonal isolates varied in size (area) from 453 µm2 to 802 µm2. There were differences in the growth patterns of the clonal amoeba isolates under similar conditions, and in their responses to variations in temperature and salinity. While most of the isolates grew well at salinities of 25–34 ‰, a significant reduction in growth was seen at 20 ‰. Most of the amoeba isolates grew well at 12 °C and 15 °C. At 4 °C, amoebae grew slower and, in contrast to the other temperatures, no extended pseudopodia could be seen in their floating form. The isolates seemed to reach a plateau phase faster at 21 °C, with a higher number of smaller, rounded amoebae.

Conclusions
The differences observed here between clonal isolates of P. perurans should be further examined in experimental in vivo challenge studies, as they may be of relevance to the virulence and proliferation potential of this amoeba on gills. Potential differences in virulence within P. perurans could have implications for management strategies for AGD.

Graphical Abstract
Single-stage transplantation combined with epidermal stem cells promotes the survival of tissue-engineered skin by inducing early angiogenesis
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Xu Hailin , Yang Hao , Zhang Yi , Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Peng , Xu Zhongye , Lv Dongming , Rong Yanchao , Dong Yunxian , Tang Bing , Hu Zhicheng , Deng Wuguo , Zhu Jiayuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The composite transplantation of a split-thickness skin graft (STSG) combined with an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is a promising repair method for full-thickness skin defects. Due to delayed vascularization of the ADM, no currently available engineered skin tissue is able to permanently cover full-thickness skin defects via a single-stage procedure. Epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) have been found to promote angiogenesis in the wound bed. Whether EpSCs can induce early angiogenesis of dermal substitutes and promote the survival of single-stage tissue-engineered skin transplantation needs to be further studied.

Methods
In vitro, rat vascular endothelial cells (RVECs) were treated with the supernatant of EpSCs cultured in ADM and stimulated for 48 h. RVECs were analysed by RNA sequencing and tube formation assays. For the in vivo experiment, 75 rats were randomly divided into five groups: ADM, ADM + EpSCs (AE), STSG, ADM + STSG (AS), and ADM + STSG + EpSCs (ASE) groups. The quality of wound healing was estimated by general observation and H&E and Masson staining. The blood perfusion volume was evaluated using the LDPI system, and the expression of vascular markers was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results
The active substances secreted by EpSCs cultured in ADM promoted angiogenesis, as shown by tube formation experiments and RNA-seq. EpSCs promoted epithelialization of the ADM and vascularization of the ADM implant. The ASE group showed significantly increased skin graft survival, reduced skin contraction, and an improved cosmetic appearance compared with the AS group and the STSG control group.

Conclusions
In summary, our findings suggest that EpSCs promote the formation of new blood vessels in dermal substitutes and support one-step transplantation of tissue-engineered skin, and thereby provide new ideas for clinical application.
Artificial intelligence and edge computing for teaching quality evaluation based on 5G-enabled wireless communication technology
Authors: Li Feng , Wang Caohui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCloud computing and artificial intelligence are now widely used for classroom teaching in higher learning institutes. The digital teaching supported to ICT technologies in colleges serves as a central point for the advancement of modern education; and has become as a mode of instruction and an approach to teaching. Digital teaching has emerged as a major driving force in the advancement of digital economy and digitization of education in colleges. In this paper, we investigate the movable information management system utilized in the digital teaching using edge computing and 5G wireless communication technology. Furthermore, we explain the idea of a mobile data scheme and presents a teaching platform based on the edge computing and 5G-enabled wireless communication technology. The main objective of this work is to develop a digital teaching framework for college students that, in fact, enables digital teaching, the collection, and incorporation of teaching information, the provision of modern education, and sharing of resources. Cutting-edge technology advancements in the educational platform have the potential to improve 5G communication. To implement the cutting-edge technology, all types of technological devices, smart devices, and gadgets from the Internet of Things (IoT) platform are used. We evaluated the proposed system through reasonable assumptions and numerical simulations. The experimental results reveal that the suggested system has significantly improved the teaching efficiency with which digital teaching management is managed in colleges. Moreover, the edge and 5G technology can significantly improve the system performance, in terms of response time, that can be as high as 11.45% when compared to non-cloud based approaches.
Edge computing-based digital management system of game events in the era of Internet of Things
Authors: Du Yuwei , Li Yao , Chen Jiancai , Hao Yangyang , Liu Jiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the great development of Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing, the development of sports activities depends on the development of information technology and it is inevitable to pay attention to the combination and optimization of resources. The combination of IoT and edge computing will be critical in sports activities. This paper elaborates on the application of network skill in sports event information management, that is, through the effective gathering of sports event data, to realize the use of sports event information, to achieve the purpose of information and digitization. Furthermore, the goal is to investigate the effect of sports event in the era of IoT. The impact of sports events on the economy and culture of the hosting city is investigated using IoT concept of edge computing. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of traditional centralized optimization method, we present a series of performance indicators and utility functions and show that the method is effective and achieves the optimal purpose. Through vital research, it is found that with the development of the edge computing and IoT industry, the scale of sports events is constantly expanding. By 2019, there has been a scale of 1,271 billion yuan. An increase of 981 billion yuan, compared with 290 billion yuan in 2013. Therefore, the use of the IoT technology in combination with edge computing to manage sports events will greatly encourage the expansion of sports activities. Furthermore, the holding of sporting events reflects a city’s overall strength and enhances the city’s exposure and fame. The investigation offers a certain reference point for cities looking to increase their influence through events.
Validity, reliability, and correlates of the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version among Japanese adults
Authors: Hamamura Toshitaka , Kobayashi Nao , Oka Taiki , Kawashima Issaku , Sakai Yuki , Tanaka Saori C. , Honjo Masaru 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The short version of the smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV) is widely used to measure problematic smartphone use (PSU). This study examined the validity and reliability of the SAS-SV among Japanese adults, as well as cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with relevant mental health traits and problems.

Methods
Datasets from a larger project on smartphone use and mental health were used to conduct two studies. Participants were adults aged over 20 years who carried a smartphone.

Results
Study 1 (n = 99,156) showed the acceptable internal consistency and structural validity of the SAS-SV with a bifactor model with three factors. For the test-retest reliability of the SAS-SV, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was .70, 95% CI [.69, 70], when the SAS-SV was measured seven and twelve months apart (n = 20,389). Study 2 (n = 3419) revealed that when measured concurrently, the SAS-SV was strongly positively correlated with another measure of PSU and moderately correlated with smartphone use time, problematic internet use (PIU), depression, the attentional factor of impulsiveness, and symptoms related to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. When measured 12 months apart, the SAS-SV was positively strongly associated with another measure of PSU and PIU and moderately associated with depression.

Discussion
The structural validity of the SAS-SV appeared acceptable among Japanese adults with the bifactor model. The reliability of the SAS-SV was demonstrated in the subsequent seven- and twelve-month associations.

Conclusion
The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of the SAS-SV provided further evidence regarding PSU characteristics.
Kano-QFD-based analysis of the influence of user experience on the design of handicraft intangible cultural heritage apps
Authors: Li Jia , Kim KieSu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mobile internet and digital technology provide new media platforms for the dissemination of handicraft intangible cultural heritage (ICH). Despite extensive research into the effect of user experience (UX) on handicraft ICH applications (apps), there is little quantitative research on the relationship between user needs and app design requirements. This study employed semi-structured interviews, online questionnaire surveys, and expert evaluation to understand and rank user needs and design requirement influencing factors. A quantitative analysis using the Kano-QFD approach revealed the different effects of twelve user needs and twenty-three design requirements on handicraft ICH app design. Following the establishment of a relationship matrix between user needs and design requirements, the app design requirements were ranked according to importance. Furthermore, a concept–category–application UX app design framework was constructed based on an analysis of the importance of design requirements. The concept layer formed the theoretical basis for the UX app design, the category layer represented the different facets of the UX design, and the application layer provided specific suggestions on the importance of app design. The eye-movement experiment and System Usability Scale were used to test the UX effects of a sample handicraft ICH app, verifying that the UX design framework was reliable. The framework provides methodological reference for the UX design of other ICH digital products.