bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corneal Higher-order Aberrations in Corneal Endothelial Decompensation Secondary to Obstetric Forceps Injury
Authors: Kasamatsu Hirotsugu , Yagi-Yaguchi Yukari , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Nishisako Sota , Murata Toshinori , Shimazaki Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Forceps corneal injuries during infant delivery cause Descemet membrane (DM) breaks, that cause corneal astigmatism and corneal endothelial decompensation. The aim of this study is to characterise corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and corneal topographic patterns in corneal endothelial decompensation due to obstetric forceps injury. This retrospective study included 23 eyes of 21 patients (54.0 ± 9.0 years old) with forceps corneal injury, and 18 healthy controls. HOAs and coma aberrations were significantly larger in forceps injury (1.05 [0.76 to 1.98] µm, and 0.83 [0.58 to 1.69], respectively) than in healthy controls (0.10 [0.08 to 0.11], and 0.06 [0.05 to 0.07], respectively, both P < 0.0001). Patient visual acuity was positively correlated with coma aberration (rs = 0.482, P = 0.023). The most common topographic patterns were those of protrusion and regular astigmatism (both, six eyes, 26.1%), followed by asymmetric (5 eyes, 21.7%), flattening (4 eyes, 17.4%). These results indicate that increased corneal HOAs are associated with decreased visual acuity in corneal endothelial decompensation with DM breaks and corneal topography exhibits various patterns in forceps injury.
Compound Qiying Granules Alleviates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis
Authors: Hu Yan , Chen Chen , Liang Zhengting , Liu Tao , Hu Xiaoling , Wang Guanying , Hu Jinxia , Xie Xiaolin , Liu Zhiyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of Compound Qiying Granules (CQYG) for DPN.

Methods

Rats and RSC96 cells of DPN models were established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of CQYG. Then the morphology and apoptotic changes of sciatic nerves were detected. Further, tandem mass tag based quantitative proteomics technology was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Protein expression of key signaling pathways was also detected.

Results

CQYG treatment significantly improved blood glucose and oxidative stress levels, and further reduced nerve fiber myelination lesions, denervation, and apoptosis in DPN rats. Further, 2176 DEPs were found in CQYG treated DPN rats. Enrichment analysis showed that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and apoptosis were all inhibited after CQYG treatment. Next, CQYG treatment reduced inflammatory factor expression, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis in RSC96 cells which induced by high glucose. Transmission electron microscopy results found that CQYG treatment improved the morphology of nerve myelin, mitochondria, and ER. CQYG treatment decreased ER stress and apoptosis pathway proteins that were highly expressed in DPN models. In addition, we also predicted the potential targets of CQYG in DEPs.
Conclusions CQYG exerts neuroprotective effects in experimental diabetic neuropathy through anti-ER stress and anti-apoptosis.
Evaluation of biometric indicators of anterior segment parameters after ICL implantation by swept-source optical coherence tomography
Authors: Tang Chuhao , Sun Tong , Sun Zhengze , Duan Hongyu , Liu Yilin , Zhao Lu , Li Wenlong , Bian Linbo , Qi Hong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose. To evaluate the anterior segment structure alteration after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in myopic patients using swept-source quantitative optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).
Methods. This prospective study included 47 eyes of 24 patients with preoperative spherical equivalent ≥ -3.00 D. Patients underwent ICL implantation at Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, from May 2021 to December 2022. SS-OCT was used to measure biometry including anterior chamber width (ACW), angle opening distance (AOD), angle recess area (ARA), trabecular iris area (TISA), trabecular-iris angle (TIA), iridotrabecular contact (ITC) area and ITC Index before ICL implantation surgery and at 1 month follow-up.
Results. At one month following ICL implantation, the ITC area is 0.396 ± 0.37 mm2, and the ITC index is 8.143 ± 5.439 %. All angle parameters, with the exception of ACW, showed a statistically significant reduction on SS-OCT (P<0.05). Mean AOD500, AOD750, ARA500, ARA750, TISA500, TISA750, TIA500 and TIA750 values at one month postoperatively declined by 60.0%, 60.4%, 58.1%, 59.2%, 57.3%, 58.7%, 48.8% and 50.7%, respectively. Vault was positively correlated with ITC index and the percent change in anterior chamber parameters. The vault of >0.659mm was found to be optimal for angle-closure suspect with a sensitivity of 85.2% and a specificity of 53.9%.
Conclusions. Anterior chamber parameters decreased 1 month after ICL implantation, and their percentage changes and ITC index correlated with the vault. When the vault is larger than 0.659mm, it is necessary to be alert to possible closed angle suspicion.
Interaction of Antiretroviral Drugs with the Microbiome &amp; Implications on the development of cardiovascular diseases in HIV+ persons: A Study Protocol
Authors: Musarurwa Hannibal Tafadzwa , Brix Bianca , Kessler Harald , Roessler Andreas , Sewani-Rusike Constance R. , Nkeh-Chungag Benedicta N. , Goswami Nandu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground The longevity of people living with HIV has been enhanced by the introduction of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in the mid-90s. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now mandatory for all persons who test HIV positive in South Africa and the government policy is to start treatment upon diagnosis. The ART is based on protease inhibitors (PIs) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and both groups of drugs have been reported to have deleterious side effects manifesting as HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. HIV infection also causes dislocation of the gut microbiota which also contribute towards the observed systemic inflammation even before patients are on ART. The aim of this study is find the relationship between HIV infection, ART, endothelial function, and gut microbial dynamics and how they influence development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome. Presented here is the detailed study protocol. Methods This is a longitudinal study to be conducted over a period of two years. Newly diagnosed patients of both genders enrolled for the ART programme will be recruited and blood, stool and anthropometric measurements will be collected every 6 months. Endothelial function, measured by non-invasive methods i.e. flow-mediated dilation and retinal microvasculature assessment. Lipid profile, viral load and other relevant blood parameters will be measured using routine methods employed by the National Health Laboratory Services in Mthatha, South Africa. Stool samples will be used for metagenomic analysis to characterise changes in the gut microbial richness and abundance. The 16S rRNA gene will be PCR amplified and amplicons will be sequenced using a next-generation sequencing platform. Multivariate analysis will be used to determine the nature of the relationship between blood chemistry parameters, gut microbial profile, endothelial function and anthropometric data. Impact of project : The study aims to determine changes in vascular function and gut flora in the in persons living with HIV on the ART programme, subsequently providing a platform for development of corrective and therapeutic nutraceuticals and probiotics for the same population.
Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds: Part 69. Unsymmetrical Dispiro(N/N)cyclotriphosphazenes Containing Different Pendant Arms: Syntheses, Characterization, Stereogenism, Photophysical and Bioactivity Studies
Authors: Cemaloğlu Reşit , Asmafiliz Nuran , Çoşut Bünyemin , Kılıç Zeynel , Sabah Büşra Nur , Açık Leyla , Mergen Hatice , Hökelek Tuncer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this research, the starting compounds tetrachloromonospirocyclotriphosphazenes, (BzSpiro-5)R1(N3P3)Cl4 [Bz: Benzyl; R1: Me (1) and R1: Et (2)], were synthesized from the reactions of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, N3P3Cl6 (HCCP, trimer) with N/N-donor type benzyldiamines. Both phosphazenes were reacted with 9-ethyl-N-methyl-3-carbazolyldiamines (3 and 4) to form dichloro trans/cis N/N-dispirocyclotriphosphazenes, [(BzSpiro-5)R1(N3P3)(CzSpiro-n)R2]Cl2 (Cz: Carbazolyl; R1, R2: Me or Et; n= 5 or 6; (5a-8a and 5b-8b), containing unsymmetrical diamino precursors. The structure of the cis-5b was clarified by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The space group of the chiral cis-5b isomer is P -1, which is centrosymmetric, and both enantiomers must be present in the unit cell. Since the absolute configuration of an enantiomer is found as SR' according to the X-ray crystallography, the other must be RS'. The chiralities of the compounds were also confirmed by 31P NMR spectroscopy recorded upon addition of chiral solvating agent [(S)-(+)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9’-anthryl)ethanol; CSA] (for 5a, 5b and 8b) and the circular dichroism (CD) (for 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b) spectra. All N/N-dispirocyclotriphosphazenes (5a-8b) bearing carbazole units exhibited a fluorescence profile with a lifetime of about 4.9-6.5 ns and a quantum yield in the range of 0.11-0.20. On the other hand, P. aeruginosa was sensitive to compounds 5b, 7a, 8a and 8b, while E. coli was sensitive to most of the phosphazenes. The cytotoxic activities of phosphazenes against Vero cells (healthy) and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were determined. In addition, compounds 5a and 5b appear to have very high antioxidant activity with respect to radical scavenging activities of 55.1% and 68.3%, respectively.
Monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance with Cervical spondylotic myelopathy presenting as severe paralysis: a case report
Authors: Li Junhu , Wang Lei , Song Yuemin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a progressive age-related degenerative disease. The natural course of CSM is usually marked by gradual deterioration in motor and sensory function, with a fixed parallel period. Therefore, CSM with severe progressive lower limb motor and bowel and bladder dysfunction is extremely rare. Monoclonal gammopathy (MG) is when abnormal B cell clones produce a monoclonal immunoglobulin in serum and urine. If it causes damage to multiple tissues or organs, it is known as Monoclonal gammopathy with clinical significance (MGCS). It is well established that Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) causes peripheral neuropathy; however, no significant association was found with neurological disorders such as cerebellar ataxia, CNS demyelinating diseases, and motor neuron diseases. To the best of our knowledge, patients with CSM combined with MGCS presenting as severe paraplegia are sporadic.
Case presentation: A 77-year-old man presented with progressive numbness of the trunk and lower extremities and weakness in his limbs for 11 months. Seven months ago, he complained of worsening symptoms and walking instability, developed to be unable to walk independently. The patient's most remarkable symptom was paralysis. We diagnosed myelopathy due to cervical disc herniation. Furthermore, we diagnosed MGCS because of the Bone marrow aspiration and flow cytology results. He was performed C7 Anterior cervical corpectomy decompression and fusion (ACCF). Three months after the operation, the patient showed improvement in symptoms.
Conclusion: We report that a severely paralyzed CSM patient was diagnosed with MGCS and peripheral neuropathy. Few CSM patients exhibit severe paralysis and bowel and bladder dysfunction. The relationship between MGCS and peripheral neuropathy has been established, but there is still no firm evidence of a link with central nervous system injury. We began to suspect a link between the patient's clinical symptoms and MGCS. In patients with severe paralysis with CSM, early intervention to improve neurofunction is the most crucial issue. The changes in intramedullary signal on MRI sometimes do not indicate a worse prognosis; aggressive surgical treatment is necessary. Differentiating diagnosis and finding the primary etiology is therefore critical. We provide a new way of thinking for surgeons, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration.
A smoking cessation intervention for people with severe mental illness treated in ambulatory mental health care (KISMET): study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Küçükaksu Müge H. , Meijel Berno van , Jansen Lola , Hoekstra Trynke , Adriaanse Marcel C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Smoking among people with severe mental illness (SMI) is highly prevalent and strongly associated with poor physical health. Currently, evidence-based smoking cessation interventions are scarce and need to be integrated into current mental health care treatment guidelines and clinical practice. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention in comparison with usual care in people with SMI treated by Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) teams in the Netherlands.
Methods
A pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled trial with embedded process evaluation will be conducted. Randomisation will be performed at the level of FACT teams, which will be assigned to the KISMET intervention or a control group (care as usual). The intervention will include pharmacological treatment combined with behavioural counselling and peer support provided by trained mental health care professionals. The intervention was developed using a Delphi study, through which a consensus was reached on the core elements of the intervention. We aim to include a total of 318 people with SMI (aged 18–65 years) who smoke and desire to quit smoking. The primary outcome is smoking status, as verified by carbon monoxide measurements and self-report. The secondary outcomes are depression and anxiety, psychotic symptoms, physical fitness, cardiovascular risks, substance use, quality of life, and health-related self-efficacy at 12 months. Alongside the trial, a qualitative process evaluation will be conducted to evaluate the barriers to and facilitators of its implementation as well as the satisfaction and experiences of both patients and mental health care professionals.
Discussion
The results of the KISMET trial will contribute to the evidence gap of effective smoking cessation interventions for people treated by FACT teams. Moreover, insights will be obtained regarding the implementation process of the intervention in current mental health care. The outcomes should advance the understanding of the interdependence of physical and mental health and the gradual integration of both within the mental health care system.
Trial Registration:
Netherlands Trial Register, NTR9783. Registered on 18 October 2021.
The study on influencing factors of nurses' job engagement in 3-Grade Hospitals in east China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Ling , Feng Zhixian , Zhu Mingling , Yang Jialu , Yang Lili 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives

Nurses' job stress perception and psychological capital affect their job engagement. This paper explores the effects of demographic characteristics, mental workload, and AQ on the job engagement of nurses in 12 hospitals in East China.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample. Data collection was performed from July 2020 to March 2021. Mean Rank and Median were used for descriptive statistical analysis. Mann–Whitney U Test and Kruskal–Wallis H Test compared the difference of different groups. Spearman correlation analysis was conduct to detect the correlation between mental workload, AQ, and job engagement. Binary logistic regression analysis explored the predictors and abilities of job engagement.

Results

labor and personnel relations, department, annual salary, marital satisfaction, social support, whether there is financial pressure or not, significant stresssignificant stress in the last six months, attitudes towards the nursing profession, attitude towards the current career position, the organization provides opportunities for further study, religious belief, study to get a degree or certificate in spare time were all influencing factors of job engagement. Job engagement has a remarkable positive correlation with AQ (r = 0.623, p＜0.001) and a negative correlation with mental workload (r = − 0.422, p＜0.001). Mental workload has an apparent negative correlation with AQ (r = − 0.250, p＜0.001). Department, study to get a degree or certificate in spare time, self-assessment, and endurance predicted nurses' job engagement.

Conclusions

This study is based on the JD-R model, and the results are helpful in understanding the effects of demographic characteristics, mental workload (job requirements), and AQ (job resources) on the job engagement of nurses. It is necessary to take a variety of measures according to the social-demographic characteristics, improve the AQ of hospital nurses, and evaluate the mental workload correctly, to improve the job engagement of nurses.
The effects of anaesthetic induction with propofol or thiopental on oxidative stress parameters in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery
Authors: ÇELİKSU Ayşe Gül , Aksoy Şemsi Mustafa , Özcan Ayça Tuba Dumanlı 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to find out which of the uses – propofol or thiopental – in the anaesthetic induction in the events of laparoscopic cholecystectomy could have a more positive effect on oxidative stress and to investigate the relation between the events’ haemodynamic parameter variables and oxidative stress. Planned as randomized and prospective, our study was carried out with 60 patients in the operating theatre of Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. In the anesthetic induction of the patients, in Group 1 thiopental 4-7 mg/kg iv and in Group 2 propofol 2-3 mg/kg iv were used. The other drugs used were the same. Hemodynamic data were recorded at designated times. To measure serum thiol-disulphide, TAS (total antioxidant status), TOS (total oxidant status), PON1 (paraoxonase) and ARES (arylesterase) levels, blood was drawn from the patients two times – one being before the general anesthesia induction and the other in the recovery room.While the thiol levels that include TOS, ARES and SH are affected similarly in both groups, TAS levels were found to be unchanged in thiopental group but to increase in propofol group, and PON1 level was found to be unchanged in propofol group and to decrease in thiopental group. Moreover, when the patients whose anesthesia ended in the morning and in the afternoon were studied within themselves in terms of changes in the oxidative stress parameters before and after operation, determination of the fact that there was a meaningful increase in the post-operative TAS values of patients whose anesthesia ended in the morning and that there was a more meaningful decrease in post-operative PON1, ARES and thiol levels in patients whose anesthesia ended in the afternoon gave rise to the thought that oxidative stress was higher in the afternoon. In our study, a positive correlation between post-operative TAS, PON1 and ARES and general blood pressure values; between post-operative TOS values and KAH values in induction; between ETCO2 values on the fifth minute of the operation and TOS values; between ARES value and post-extubation SpO2 and a negative correlation between PON1 and ARES values and KAH values were determined. In our study, we concluded that propofol would be a preferable iv anesthetic agent as it caused an increase in TAS level. Furthermore, in our study it was decided that we needed to avoid conditions such as hypertension, uncontrolled hypotension, tachycardia, hypercapnia, and hypoxia to reduce the oxidative stress.
Increased circulating uric acid aggravates heart failure via impaired fatty acid metabolism
Authors: Lou Bowen , Wu Haoyu , Ott Hannes , Bennewitz Katrin , Wang Chen , Poschet Gernot , Liu Hui , Yuan Zuyi , Kroll Jens , She Jianqing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Increased circulating uric acid (UA) concentration may disrupt cardiac function in heart failure patients, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Here, we postulate that hyperuremia induces sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), which in turn activate hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis response, leading to cardiac dysfunction.
Methods and Results
Increased circulating uric acid was observed in heart failure patients and inversely correlated to cardiac function. Besides, uric acid correlated to circulating lipids profile based on metabolomics in heart failure patients. Using cultured human hepatoellular carcinomas (HepG2) and Tg(myl7:egfp) zebrafish, we demonstrated that UA regulated fatty acid synthase (FASN) via SREBP1 signaling pathway, leading to FFA accumulation and impaired energy metabolism, which could be rescued via SREBP1 knockdown. In ISO treated zebrafish, UA aggravated heart failure via increased cardiovascular cavity size, decreased heart beats, pericardial edema and long-stretched heart deformation.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that UA-SREBP1-FASN signaling exacerbates cardiac dysfunction during FFA accumulation. Identification of this mechanism may help in treatment and prevention of heart failure.
The impact of MPOWER tobacco control policies on tobacco use in African countries
Authors: Ogbodo Stephen Chukwuma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim
This study aims to evaluate the impact of MPOWER tobacco control policies on smoking and smokeless tobacco (SLT) use prevalence in Africa, between 2007 and 2018.
Subject and Methods:
This is a longitudinal ecological study using panel data from 40 African countries at 6 time-points between 2007 and 2018. MPOWER scores and tobacco use prevalence data were obtained from the WHO global health repository. Two-way fixed effects regression models were used to assess the impact of the MPOWER policies on smoking and SLT use prevalence among African adults. The analysis was stratified by sex and UN African sub-region.
Results
In the primary analysis of all included countries, only the fiscal tobacco control measure (represented by the price of cigarettes) was significantly associated with a decrease in tobacco use among African adults – each $10 increase in the price of a 20-cigarette pack was associated with a 2.90 (95% CI: 0.30, 5.50) percentage point decrease in smoking prevalence, and a 1.10 (95% CI: 0.02, 2.00) percentage point decrease in SLT use prevalence, among men. In the stratified analysis by UN African sub-regions, the greatest impact was observed in Western and Northern Africa, and MPOWER policies appeared to be more effective in reducing smoking prevalence than SLT use prevalence.
Conclusion
The MPOWER package (especially its fiscal component) has had an impact on tobacco use in African countries. However, more attention needs to be paid to SLT use in Africa, which appears to have been impacted to a much lesser extent than smoking.