bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Chemical Biology of Human Vitamins
Authors: Walsh Christopher T , Tang Yi 
Published: February 2023

As humans evolved from primordial organisms they lost the capacity to make certain essential molecules. By their very absence in specific pathologies and diseases, the thirteen human vitamins were discovered and their crucial role in metabolism revealed.
This textbook provides a thorough chemocentric view on the key small molecules of life, the human vitamins and their active coenzyme forms. Detailing how their unique chemistries control the interconversion and the flux of hundreds of central human metabolites, The Chemical Biology of Human Vitamins examines the parallel and convergent tracks of the vitamins and their coenzyme forms. Analysing the mode of action of each of the vitamins, the book will illuminate the challenges that face each cell; metabolism could not proceed without the chemical functional groups vitamins provide.
Authored by leading educators, this text will serve as an ideal guide and reference point for chemists in both academia and industry, graduates and advanced undergraduate students in biochemistry, chemical biology, metabolism and metabolomics.
Industrial Polymer Applications: Essential Chemistry and Technology
Authors: Ashcroft William R 
Published: February 2023

Industrial Polymer Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse properties and applications of thermoset and thermoplastic polymer technologies used routinely in the modification, protection, repair, restoration and bonding of the main classes of industrial engineering materials such as concrete, masonry, wood, metal, rubber, plastic, glass and advanced ceramics.
The Author, with extensive industrial experience in the design and development of polymeric adhesives, composites, concrete repair and industrial coatings materials, provides a balanced perspective of the essential chemistries and technologies for each of the relevant polymeric solutions. This book includes explanations as to why polymers are needed and the specific problems and key industrial application challenges that can be overcome for each class of engineering material. The use of supplementary information boxes, suggestions for further reading, and supportive appendices including worked examples delivers an easy to understand guide of relevant industrial applications of polymers.
Written in an accessible way, the book provides a supplementary text for undergraduates, postgraduates and industrialists who have studied or are involved in chemistry, polymer chemistry, industrial chemistry, materials science, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering or corrosion engineering, science and technology.
Ni crossover catalysis: truth of hydrogen evolution in Ni-rich cathode-based lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xingqin , Ren Dongsheng , Liang Hongmei , Song Youzhi , Huo Hua , Wang Aiping , Gao Yunzhi , Liu Jianhong , Gao Yun , Wang Li , He Xiangming 
Published: February 2023

A “double catalysis–double crossover” (DC–DC) mechanism is proposed for H2 evolution in NMC-based LIBs. Two catalyses exist on both electrodes and two crossovers occur from cathode to anode, which all contribute to H2 evolution in NMC-based LIBs.
A structural developmental neural network with information saturation for continual unsupervised learning
Authors: Ding Zhiyong , Xie Haibin , Li Peng , Xu Xin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a structural developmental neural network to address the plasticity‐stability dilemma, computational inefficiency, and lack of prior knowledge in continual unsupervised learning. This model uses competitive learning rules and dynamic neurons with information saturation to achieve parameter adjustment and adaptive structure development. Dynamic neurons adjust the information saturation after winning the competition and use this parameter to modulate the neuron parameter adjustment and the division timing. By dividing to generate new neurons, the network not only keeps sensitive to novel features but also can subdivide classes learnt repeatedly. The dynamic neurons with information saturation and division mechanism can simulate the long short‐term memory of the human brain, which enables the network to continually learn new samples while maintaining the previous learning results. The parent‐child relationship between neurons arising from neuronal division enables the network to simulate the human cognitive process that gradually refines the perception of objects. By setting the clustering layer parameter, users can choose the desired degree of class subdivision. Experimental results on artificial and real‐world datasets demonstrate that the proposed model is feasible for unsupervised learning tasks in instance increment and class increment scenarios and outperforms prior structural developmental neural networks.
Skeleton‐aware implicit function for single‐view human reconstruction
Authors: Liu Pengpeng , Zhang Guixuan , Zhang Shuwu , Li Yuanhao , Zeng Zhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aim is to reconstruct a complete and detailed clothed human from a single‐view input. Implicit function is suitable for this task because it represents fine shape details and varied topology. Current methods, however, often suffer from artefacts such as broken or disembodied body parts, missing details, or depth ambiguity due to the ambiguity and complexity of human articulation. The main issue observed by the authors is structure‐agnostic. To address these problems, the authors fully utilise the skinned multi‐person linear (SMPL) model and propose a method using the Skeleton‐aware Implicit Function (SIF). To alleviate the broken or disembodied body parts, the proposed skeleton‐aware structure prior makes the skeleton awareness into an implicit function, which consists of a bone‐guided sampling strategy and a skeleton‐relative encoding strategy. To deal with the missing details and depth ambiguity problems, the authors’ body‐guided pixel‐aligned feature exploits the SMPL to enhance 2D normal and depth semantic features, and the proposed feature aggregation uses the extra geometry‐aware prior to enabling a more plausible merging with less noisy geometry. Additionally, SIF is also adapted to the RGB‐D input, and experimental results show that SIF outperforms the state‐of‐the‐arts methods on challenging datasets from Twindom and Thuman3.0.
Analysis and design of a 10–20 GHz simultaneous noise and input matching low‐noise amplifier via frequency‐dependent negative feedbacks
Authors: He Ding , Yuan Yang , Li Jiaxuan , Tan Cheng , Yu Zhongjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis letter presents a novel method to implement a 10–20 GHz low‐noise amplifier (LNA) with simultaneous noise and input matching performance. That is, the Mille effect caused by the gate‐drain parasitic capacitance Cgd is eliminated by converting the succeeding‐stage impedance into the required load using frequency‐dependent negative feedbacks and a π‐type network. The corresponding analytical equation is also derived for the first time. To verify the feasibility, the circuit is fabricated via a 0.15‐μm GaAs p‐HEMT process with a compact size of 0.9×1.9 mm2. The measured results show that the proposed LNA features a peak gain of 26.1 dB, a minimum noise figure of 1.08 dB, and an input return loss of less than −15.8 dB.
A low profile, dual‐polarised, high gain patch antenna
Authors: Huang He 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA low‐profile patch antenna with dual‐polarisation and high gain is proposed in this study. It contains a primary radiator, a secondary radiator, and a planar feed network. The primary and secondary radiators are square patches placed 5 mm from each other. Two planar feed networks are electrically connected with the primary radiator through the stepped impedance transformer, providing equal amplitude and 180° phase shift signals. These two feed networks are settled in different layers to weaken the coupling effect. The resonance generated by the primary radiator is merged with the one by the secondary radiator, covering the 3.3–3.6 GHz band. Benefiting from the differential feed method, antenna specifications such as port isolation and cross‐polarisation discrimination (XPD) are ideal. Moreover, as the primary radiator is fed by planar microstrip, the overall height can be reduced, and the gain can be enhanced. Finally, a 2 × 2 subarray is investigated. Desirable results show that the proposed antenna is suitable for application in Massive Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) systems.
Morphology and structure evolution of multilayered Ge/Si quantum dots grown by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Shu Qijiang , Huang Pengru , Zhang Xicheng , Yang Linjing , Ye Donghai , Yang Li , Liu Hongxing , Chen Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe authors prepared multilayered Si‐based Ge quantum dots (Ge/Si QDs) by using the magnetron sputtering technique and reported the corresponding morphology evolution by atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) tests. The increased temperature can improve the Si‐isolated‐layer crystallinity and Ge atom mobility to increase the density, size, and spatial distribution uniformity of top‐layer QDs. The morphology and vertical correlation between the layers of QDs at different temperatures exhibited different phenomena or laws, and had been explained in this paper. The authors’ work made it possible to control the quality of multilayer QDs by high‐rate deposition technology and laid a foundation for the industrial production of multilayer QDs in the future.
A study on the effects of electromagnetic coupling mechanisms in the event of an indirect lightning strike near photovoltaic arrays
Authors: Hernández Jesús De La Casa , Sutil Francisco José Sánchez , Petrarca Carlo , Formisano Alessandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIndirect lightning strikes hitting near photovoltaic installations are much more frequent than direct hits, and can generate overvoltage in their electric circuitry. The authors developed a method to estimate the induced overvoltage on single photovoltaic modules. Using a model of the whole array also including Inter‐Module Coupling Mechanisms (IMCMs), a new approach to estimate overvoltage induced on full arrays is presented in this paper. The procedure first estimates lumped parameters, modelling either the coupling between the lightning channel and each module in the array or between each couple of modules in array. Several circuital simulations are then run using suitable equivalent circuits. The aim is to consider different array configurations and groundings schemes. This allows extracting the most relevant configuration parameters influencing overvoltage/overcurrent. Results show that the groundings scheme impacts negligibly, but the single module electric stress is decreased by 35% in the case of ungrounded configurations. Among the considered array configurations, the honey‐comb and total cross‐tied showed the smallest impact on overvoltage. Statistical analysis on random LC tortuous geometry leads to a non‐negligible rise of overvoltage peak values, up to 24%. Finally, the relevance of different IMCMs is analysed, showing a strong impact just on frame‐ground voltages and currents.
Small signal stability of washout filter–based power sharing for an inverter‐based microgrid
Authors: Yazdanian Mehrdad , Leitner Stefan , Fouladi Ehsan , Mehrizi‐Sani Ali , Muetze Annette 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDifferent control tasks within a microgrid are usually classified into a hierarchy including zero, primary, secondary, and tertiary control levels. Generally, power sharing lies in the primary control level and utilizes droop control. Droop control causes deviation of voltage and frequency from their nominal values subsequent to load and generation changes in an islanded microgrid. To eliminate these voltage and frequency deviations, a secondary control level, incorporating low‐bandwidth communication links, is usually employed. However, secondary control increases the complexity and cost of the system. A washout filter–based power sharing approach has been proposed that can maintain the nominal values of the voltage and frequency in the primary control level and thereby eliminate the need for secondary control and communication links. This paper further investigates this concept and derives a state‐space small‐signal model of the proposed washout filter–based power controller in a study microgrid to enable systematic design and performance evaluation, for example, stability and parameter selection. The results are compared with those of the same microgrid with conventional droop power controllers. Finally, simulation case studies are conducted in PSCAD/EMTDC tool to validate the results.
Haematic antegrade repriming to enhance recovery after cardiac surgery from the perfusionist side
Authors: Blanco-Morillo Juan , Salmerón Martínez Diego , Arribas-Leal Jose M. , Farina Piero , Puis Luc , Sornichero-Caballero Angel J. , Cánovas-Lόpez Sergio J. 
Published: February 2023

Background: New era of cardiac surgery aims to provide an enhanced postoperative recovery through the implementation of every step of the process. Thus, perfusion strategy should adopt evidence-based measures to reduce the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Hematic Antegrade Repriming (HAR) provides a standardized procedure combining several measures to reduce haemodilutional priming to 300 mL. Once the safety of the procedure in terms of embolic release has been proven, the evaluation of its beneficial effects in terms of transfusion and ICU stay should be assessed to determine if could be considered for inclusion in Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery (ERACS) programs.Methods: Two retrospective and non-randomized cohorts of high-risk patients, with similar characteristics, were assessed with a propensity score matching model. The treatment group (HG) (n = 225) received the HAR. A historical cohort, exposed to conventional priming with 1350 mL of crystalloid confirmed the control group (CG) (n = 210).Results: Exposure to any transfusion was lower in treated (66.75% vs. 6.88%,p < 0.01). Prolonged mechanical ventilation (>10 h) (26.51% vs. 12.62%;p < 0.01) and extended ICU stay (>2 d) (47.47% vs. 31.19%;p < 0.01) were fewer for treated. HAR did not increase early morbidity and mortality. Related savings varied from 581 to 2741.94 $/patient, depending on if direct or global expenses were considered.Discussion: By reducing the gaseous and crystalloid emboli during CPB initiation, HAR seems to have a beneficial impact on recovery and reduces the overall transfusion until discharge, leading to significant cost savings per process. Due to the preliminary and retrospective nature of the research and its limitations, our findings should be validated by future prospective and randomized studies.
An intelligent vision recognition method based on deep learning for pointer meters
Authors: Chen Leisheng , Wu Xing , Sun Chao , Zou Ting , Meng Kai , Lou Peihuang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, pointer instruments remain the main state monitoring devices in the power industry, because they have strong mechanical stability to resist electromagnetic interferences compared with digital instruments. Although the object detection algorithms based on deep learning have widely been used in the field of instrument detection, the meter recognition process still relies on threshold segmentation to recognize object points and on Hough transform to extract the meter pointer. An intelligent vision recognition method based on YOLOv5 and U2-Net network (YLU2-Net) is proposed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of meter recognition in a complex environment. Firstly, the pointer meter is located in the instrument images by using the YOLOv5 network as a region of interest (RoI). Then, the instrument RoI is processed by means of perspective transformation and image resizing. Thirdly, an improved U2-Net image segmentation method with the deep separable convolution and the focal loss function is devised to distinguish the pointers and scales from the background in the instrument RoI. Further, a dimension reduction reading method with the polar coordinate transformation is developed to calculate the meter reading accurately and efficiently. Finally, the ablation experiment is conducted to test the performance of each algorithm module in our method, and the competition experiment is completed to compare our method with other state-of-the-art ones. The experimental results verify the accuracy and efficiency of the YLU2-Net recognition method proposed.
High responsivity of VIS-NIR photodetector based on Ag2S/P3HT heterojunction
Authors: Zhang Haiting , Wei Dongdong , Song Xiaoxian , Xu Ze , Wang Fuguo , Li Hongwen , Sun Wenbao , Dai Zijie , Ren Yunpeng , Ye Yunxia , Ren Xudong , Yao Jianquan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ag2S quantum dot (QD) photodetectors (PDs) have attracted a lot of attention in the field of imaging system and optical communication. However, the current Ag2S PDs mainly works in the near-infrared band, and its detection ability in the visible band remains to be strengthened. In this paper, we used poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with high carrier mobility and Ag2S QDs to construct heterojunction PD. Stronger absorption in blends with polymer P3HT compared to single Ag2S QDs. The optical absorption spectra show that the Ag2S/P3HT has strong light absorption peak at 394 and 598 nm. The results show that P3HT significantly enhances the absorption of Ag2S QDs from the visible to near-infrared band. The output characteristics, transfer characteristics and fast switching capability of the device at 405 nm, 532 nm and 808 nm were tested. The device has the responsivity of 6.05 A W−1, 83.72 A W−1 and 37.31 A W−1 under 405 nm, 532 nm and 808 nm laser irradiation. This work plays an important role in improving the detection performance of Ag2S QDs and broadening its applications in photoelectric devices for weak light and wide spectrum detection.
Foundations of plasma standards
Authors: Alves Luís L , Becker Markus M , van Dijk Jan , Gans Timo , Go David B , Stapelmann Katharina , Tennyson Jonathan , Turner Miles M , Kushner Mark J 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe field of low-temperature plasmas (LTPs) excels by virtue of its broad intellectual diversity, interdisciplinarity and range of applications. This great diversity also challenges researchers in communicating the outcomes of their investigations, as common practices and expectations for reporting vary widely in the many disciplines that either fall under the LTP umbrella or interact closely with LTP topics. These challenges encompass comparing measurements made in different laboratories, exchanging and sharing computer models, enabling reproducibility in experiments and computations using traceable and transparent methods and data, establishing metrics for reliability, and in translating fundamental findings to practice. In this paper, we address these challenges from the perspective of LTP standards for measurements, diagnostics, computations, reporting and plasma sources. This discussion on standards, or recommended best practices, and in some cases suggestions for standards or best practices, has the goal of improving communication, reproducibility and transparency within the LTP field and fields allied with LTPs. This discussion also acknowledges that standards and best practices, either recommended or at some point enforced, are ultimately a matter of judgment. These standards and recommended practices should not limit innovation nor prevent research breakthroughs from having real-time impact. Ultimately, the goal of our research community is to advance the entire LTP field and the many applications it touches through a shared set of expectations.
Full-wave and plasma simulations of microstrip excited, high-frequency, atmospheric pressure argon microdischarges
Authors: Kourtzanidis Konstantinos 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional fully coupled electromagnetic (EM) wave-plasma simulations are used to study the formation, early transient and quasi-steady state of the argon plasma excited by a two-dimensional discontinuous microstrip line. The EM waves that normally propagate in the microstrip transmission line, radiate and scatter at the position of the gap and the electric field is enhanced primarily at the corner of the gap. The microdischarge is preferentially formed at this position of the EM field hotspot and in low frequencies propagates on the dielectric surface, much like a microwave surface streamer. In longer times, diffusion dominates and the whole gap is filled with plasma of maximum density in the order of 1020

m

−
3

while it occupies a volume larger than the gap. Cycle-averaged mean electron temperatures range from 2.8 to 3.9 eV, while the plasma reaches a quasi-static regime in approximately 2 µs having reconfigured the transmission and radiation patterns of the slitted microstrip line. The tunability of the microstrip due to plasma formation provides means for sustaining the discharge in a stable regime. For the same input EM power, the electron temperature increases with increasing excitation frequency while electron densities found to decrease. For the same wave frequency, a decrease of the electron densities with increasing gap is also found in addition to a restriction of the discharge expansion. Finally, thicker dielectrics result to higher electron densities and electron temperatures as well as absorbed power from the plasma. These findings are attributed to the dependence of absorbed EM power and skin depth on the EM wave angular frequency, the critical for shielding electron density as well as the restructuring of the S-parameters due to the changes in operational parameters.
Unified mechanism behind the even-parity ground state and neutron halo of 11Be*
Authors: Geng Jing , Niu Yi Fei , Long Wen Hui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Using the axially deformed relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (D-RHFB) model, we explore the mechanism behind the parity inversion and halo occurrence in 11Be, which are well reproduced by the RHF Lagrangian PKA1. It is illustrated that evidently enhanced deformation effects by the π-pseudo-vector and ρ-tensor couplings in PKA1 are crucial for correctly describing both the even-parity ground state (GS) and the neutron halo of 11Be. Coupling with the deformation, the intrude

component largely enhances the couplings between the even-parity orbit

and the nuclear core to ensure an even-parity GS, whereas the

component therein dominates the halo formation in 11Be. Moreover, the deformed halo in 11Be is found to be stabilized by the attractive inherent correlations between the

and

components of the halo orbit

, instead of pairing correlations, which paves a new way for understanding the halo pictures in deformed unstable nuclei.
The European Muon Collaboration effect from short-range correlated nucleons in a x-rescaling model*
Authors: Wang Rong , Ma Na-Na , Wang Tao-Feng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we examine the hypothesis that the nuclear EMC effect arises merely from the N-N SRC pairs inside the nucleus and that the properties of the N-N SRC pair are universal among the various nuclei, using the conventional x-rescaling model for the EMC effect. With the previously determined effective mass of the short-range correlated nucleon and the number of N-N SRC pairs estimated, we calculated the EMC effect of various nuclei within the x-rescaling approach. According to our calculations, the nuclear EMC effect due to the mass deficits of the SRC nucleons is not sufficient to reproduce the observed EMC effect in experiments. We speculate that the internal structure of the mean-field single nucleon is also clearly modified. Alternatively, there can be more origins of the EMC effect beyond the N-N SRC configuration (such as the α cluster), or the universality of N-N SRC pair is significantly violated from light to heavy nuclei.