bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perda e desperdício de alimentos no Brasil: as contribuições do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) para sua redução
Authors: Quevedo Daniella Cristina Santos , Da Silva Robson Dias 
Published: April 2023

Em 2022, 33 milhões de brasileiros ainda passavam fome no país. A realidade atual da fome no mundo é agravada por três fatores: deficiência na distribuição de alimentos; desperdício de alimentos; pobreza e insegurança alimentar. Mundialmente 1/3 de tudo que é produzido é jogado no lixo, fato que preocupa todas as esferas de governo uma vez que o desperdício impacta diretamente a segurança alimentar. Uma das iniciativas para combater a perda e desperdício de alimentos (PDA) é optar por alimentos produzidos localmente. Investir na agricultura familiar pode ser considerada uma forma de aumentar a segurança alimentar, bem como a produção e a distribuição de alimentos para mercados locais e regionais, auxiliando no combate a PDA. Em 2013 foi criado no Brasil, o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), Política Pública Governamental de Segurança Alimentar que possui como finalidades básicas, a promoção do acesso à alimentação e o incentivo à agricultura familiar. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida tendo como foco central investigar como o PAA contribui para reduzir a PDA no Brasil. Para alcançar o objetivo foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais em sites, livros, artigos científicos e materiais de órgãos oficiais. Como resultado, algumas reflexões foram realizadas sobre as contribuições do PAA para redução da PDA, dentre elas a questão das compras públicas da agricultura familiar que podem contribuir para redução da PDA em função dos circuitos curtos de produção e comercialização; a compra de alimentos produzidos fora do padrão estético; e, a articulação do PAA com os Bancos de Alimentos.
Phenotypic and Allelic Frequency of ABO and Rh (D) Blood Group among Whole Blood Donors in a Teaching Hospital of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Minal Wasnik , Saurabh Lahare , Ramesh Chandrakar 
Published: April 2023

Background: ABO and Rh (D) blood groups are the most important in blood transfusion and are determined genetically. Although these blood groups are common to all humans, there is variation in their allelic frequency based on region and population. This study was performed to determine the allelic frequency of ABO & Rh (D) in the donor population in the Blood Center of Chhattisgarh located in Central India.
Place and Duration of Study: It is a cross-sectional study performed in the Department of Transfusion Medicine & Blood Bank of a teaching hospital from July 2021-February 2022.
Methodology: Only the accepted whole blood donors were included. ABO & Rh (D) blood grouping was performed by conventional tube technique and their allelic frequency was determined. We studied 4078 whole blood donors out of which 4055 were males and 23 were females.
Results: Phenotypic frequency of ABO blood group system was O>B>A>AB. Rh (D) positive was more prevalent than Rh (D) negative. Allele frequency of ABO system was 0.1545 for IA, 0.2351 for IB, and 0.6105 for IO. In Rh system, allele frequency of ID was 0.8441 and Id was 0.1559.
Conclusion: Phenotypic & allelic frequency of ABO & Rh (D) shows heterogeneous distribution in different parts of the world. Our study showed blood group O & allele IO as the most common. This data is of utmost importance in the planning of transfusion services, especially during a healthcare crisis in low-resource area like ours.
The Effect of Granular KCl Fertilizer Dosage on K-available, K-uptake, and Yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata sturt.) in Inceptisol from Jatinangor
Authors: Sofyan Emma Trinurani , Sara Dirga Sapta , Agistin Andriyani 
Published: April 2023

This research aimed to determine the effect and the best granular KCl fertilizer dosage in increasing K-available, K-Uptake, and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) Talenta variety on Inceptisols from Jatinangor. The method used was a randomized completely block design (RCBD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatment consists of the without fertilization as control (A; N, P, K (B); ¼ K + N, P (C); ½ K + N, P (D); ¾ K + N, P (E); 1 K + N, P (F); 1¼ K + N, P (G); 1½ K + N, P (H); and 1¾ K + N, P (I). The results showed that granular KCl fertilizer affected available K, K uptake, and sweet corn yields. The dose of fertilizer that had the best effect on sweet corn yield was a combination of 1 K + N, P single with 100 kg ha-1 KCl granules which produced a cob weight of 0.49 kg plant-1 on Inceptisol from Jatinangor.
3‐Mercaptopropionate Dioxygenase (MDO)
Authors: Schmittou Allison N , Solano Yasmeen J , Kiser Philip D , Pierce Brad S 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBacterial 3‐mercaptopropionate dioxygenase (MDO) is a mononuclear nonheme iron dioxygenase that catalyzes the O2‐dependent oxidation of 3‐mercaptopropioniate (3MPA) to produce 3‐sulfinopropionate (3SPA). MDO is a member of the cupin superfamily of proteins and therefore shares a similar active site architecture as mammalian and bacterial cysteine dioxygenases (CDOs). However, unlike CDOs, which exhibit near exclusive specificity forl‐cysteine (CYS), MDOs are more flexible with respect to accommodating other thiol‐bearing substrates of comparable size to 3MPA. The active site of MDO and CDO share two major structural features. First, they both contain a mononuclear nonheme iron site coordinated by three histidine residues. Since all protein‐derived ligands occupy one face of an octahedron, binding of dioxygen and organic substrate occurs at the opposite face of the 3‐His facial triad. Second, both enzymes share a conserved sequence of outer Fe‐coordination sphere amino acids (Ser, His, and Tyr) positioned adjacent to the iron site (∼ 4 Å). These residues participate in an extended proton relay network which ultimately donates an H‐bond to the enzymatic Fe‐site. To date, MDOs have only been identified among Gram‐negative soil proteobacteria. It is believed that the high concentration of 3MPA present in coastal sediments can be attributed to bacterial catabolism of organosulfur compounds present in saline environments. Indirect evidence also suggests that 3MPA may play a more central role in bacterial sulfur metabolism than currently understood.
Eco‐Friendly Transparent Silk Fibroin Radiative Cooling Film for Thermal Management of Optoelectronics
Authors: Chen Yu‐Hsuan , Hwang Ching‐Wen , Chang Sih‐Wei , Tsai Meng‐Ting , Jayakumaran Kavya Nair , Yang Ling‐Chu , Lo Yu‐Chieh , Ko Fu‐Hsiang , Wang Hsueh‐Cheng , Chen Hsuen‐Li , Wan Dehui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough transparent radiative cooling is a passive cooling strategy with practical applications and aesthetic appeal, complex manufacturing processes and the use of environmentally unfriendly thermal emitters remain latent problems. Herein, eco‐friendly transparent silk radiative cooling (TSRC) films are developed, regenerated from natural silkworm cocoons, for zero‐energy‐consumption thermal management of optoelectronic devices. These TSRC films can dissipate heat radiatively through molecular vibrations of the protein backbone and side chains, while retaining the function and appearance of the associated devices, due to their high visible transparency. Theoretical and experimental investigations revealed that the thermal emission increases rapidly upon increasing the film thickness, but slowly thereafter achieves saturation; nevertheless, the intrinsic solar absorption of silk in the ultraviolet and near‐infrared regions also grows linearly, unavoidably weakening the cooling effect. After spectroscopic optimization, the maximum cooling power during the daytime and nighttime is improved to 77.6 and 101.7 W m−2, respectively. Gratifyingly, the films have a remarkable effect on the cooling performance of electronic devices under sunlight. For example, the TSRC film provides a temperature drop of 5.1 °C for a smartphone during multitasking and charging, and 14 °C for a silicon solar panel with an improvement in the photoelectronic conversion efficiency (≈7%).
Atomically Unraveling the Structural Evolution of Surfaces and Interfaces in Metal Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Ma Mengmeng , Zhang Xuliang , Xu Liang , Chen Xiao , Wang Lei , Cheng Tao , Wei Fei , Yuan Jianyu , Shen Boyuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRevealing the local structural change of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) induced by external conditions is important to understand its performance and stability in optoelectronic applications. However, previous studies on the properties and structures of MHPs are usually limited by the spatial resolution of the probe, and it is still challenging to obtain its atomic structural information in real space. In this work, the integrated differential‐phase‐contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy is applied to the low‐dose imaging of CsPbI3 quantum dots (QDs). In particular, the local structures in QDs, such as surfaces and interfaces, can be atomically resolved. Then, the structural evolution of CsPbI3 QDs under various external conditions can be unraveled during in situ heating or ex situ treatments, where it lose cubic shapes and fuse to larger particles. The changes in surfaces and interfaces with missing Cs ions and PbI6 octahedrons can be semi‐quantitatively studied by profile analysis and bond‐length measurement in images. Finally, density functional theory calculations are performed to illustrate the properties and stabilities of the different structures that are observed. These results provide atomic‐scale insights into the structural evolution of QDs, which is of great importance to modify the performance of perovskite materials and devices.
Enhanced Photoresponsivity of Perovskite QDs/Graphene Hybrid Gate‐Free Photodetector by Morphologically Controlled Plasmonic Au Nanocrystals
Authors: Yadav Shyam Narayan Singh , Hanmandlu Chintam , Patel Dinesh Kumar , Singh Rajan Kumar , Chen Chun‐Yen , Wang Yen‐Yu , Chu Chih‐Wei , Liang Chi‐Te , Lin Chih‐Ting , Lu Yu‐Jung , Yen Ta‐Jen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOwing to their excellent carrier mobility, high absorption coefficient, exceptional quantum efficiency, and low‐cost solution processability, perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are a promising candidate for photodetection. However, PQDs‐based photodetectors typically show poor optoelectronic performances, mainly limited by their weak light–matter interaction. In this work, MAPbBr3 PQDs are hybridized with graphene (Gr) and morphologically controlled plasmonic gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) to demonstrate a superior photodetector at 432 nm through a synergetic effect. The experimental results indicate that three shaped AuNCs (i.e., sphere, the octahedron (OD), and rhombic dodecahedron (RD)) all contribute to better photodetection behaviors due to surface trap state passivation and enhanced charge carrier densities with longer lifetime compared to that of pristine PQDs. In particular, the PQDs/RD‐AuNCs/Gr system demonstrates a record‐high responsivity of 2.7 × 105 A W−1, a detectivity of 4.9 × 1013 Jones, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.9 × 107% at 1.6 µW cm−2 illumination power density of 432 nm wavelength with a lowest applied voltage of 1.0 V for a gate‐free PQDs/AuNCs/Gr‐based photodetector. Furthermore, to the authors’ knowledge, this device shows the highest responsivity among the PQDs/AuNCs/Gr‐based electrostatic gate‐free lateral configuration photodetectors.
Integration of Exciton Donor and Acceptor in a Blue‐Emitting Molecule with Zero Radius of Intramolecular Energy Transfer Mechanism for Highly Efficient and Stable Fluorescent OLEDs
Authors: Park Bubae , Kim Ki Ju , Nam Hyewon , Park Bum Joon , Kang Sunwoo , Oh Hyoung Yun , Kim Taekyung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMultimaterial emission layer (EML) with host and dopant is known for its advantages in efficiency and lifetime for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, as the compositions and the mixing ratio in the EML diversify, complex device physics and photophysics and complicated fabrication processes become challenging issues. Herein, a new concept to integrate exciton donor (host) and acceptor (dopant) into a single emitting molecule is suggested. 9‐(8,9,10,11‐Tetradeuterospiro[benzo[de]anthracene‐7,9′‐fluoren]‐2'‐yl)‐9H‐carbazole (SBAF‐Cz) and 8,9,10,11‐tetradeutero‐N‐(9,9‐dimethyl‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)‐N‐phenylspiro[benzo[de]anthracene‐7,9′‐fluoren]‐3‐amine (FPA‐SBAF) are used as host and dopant, respectively. By integrating two units, 8,9,10,11‐tetradeutero‐2′‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)‐N‐(9,9‐dimethyl‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)‐N‐phenylspiro[benzo[de]anthracene‐7,9′‐fluoren]‐3‐amine (FPA‐SBAF‐Cz) is synthesized, and photophysical and electrical properties are characterized. Density functional theory and experimental results consistently reveal that SBAF‐Cz and FPA‐SBAF are photophysically and electrically independent. The electrical properties of FPA‐SBAF‐Cz behave independently, while the photophysical properties are the sum of those of SBAF‐Cz and FPA‐SBAF, which is attributed to the zero radius of intramolecular energy transfer (ZRIET) between donor and acceptor in FPA‐SBAF‐Cz. The single‐component blue OLED with FPA‐SBAF‐Cz exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.18%, which is higher than those of OLEDs with SBAF‐CZ:FPA‐SBAF multicomponent EMLs. Surprisingly, the device lifetime to 50% decrease from initial luminance is 114 h in FPA‐SBAF‐Cz OLED, which is 2.2 times longer than that of SBAF‐Cz:FPA‐SBAF OLEDs.
Tuning of the Electronic and Optical Properties of Monolayer GaSe Via Strain
Authors: Dien Vo Khuong , Han Nguyen Thi , Bang‐Li Wei , Lin Kuang‐I , Lin Ming‐Fa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates strain effects on the electronic and optical properties of monolayer GaSe using first‐principles calculations. The geometric deformation significantly alters energy dispersion, band gap, and the band edge states of GaSe. The band gap evolution exhibits both linearly and nonlinearly with the strains and is strongly dependent on the types of deformation and the direction of the modifications. The external mechanical strains also significantly tailor the optical properties of GaSe, the exciton binding energy is strongly reduced when the tensile strain is applied, while the opposite way is true for compressive stress. Moreover, the inhomogeneous strain also induces a nonuniform electronic screening environment and strong polarization in the absorption spectra. The calculations demonstrate that the electronic and optical properties of GaSe monolayer can be significantly tuned by using strain engineering which appears as a promising way to design novel optoelectronic devices.
Halide Double Perovskite Nanocrystals Doped with Rare‐Earth Ions for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Dingdi , Zhong Yuan , Jiang Feng , Zhao Deqiang , Sun Siqi , Lu Po , Lu Min , Wang Zhenyu , Wu Zhennan , Gao Yanbo , Zhang Yu , Yu William W. , Bai Xue 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMost lead‐free halide double perovskite materials display low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) due to the indirect bandgap or forbidden transition. Doping is an effective strategy to tailor the optical properties of materials. Herein, efficient blue‐emitting Sb3+‐doped Cs2NaInCl6nanocrystals (NCs) are selected as host, rare‐earth (RE) ions (Sm3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, and Dy3+) are incorporated into the host, and excellent PLQY of 80.1% is obtained. Femtosecond transient absorption measurement found that RE ions not only served as the activator ions but also filled the deep vacancy defects. Anti‐counterfeiting, optical thermometry, and white‐light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) are exhibited using these RE ions‐doped halide double perovskite NCs. For the optical thermometry based on Sm3+‐doped Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+NCs, the maximum relative sensitivity is 0.753% K−1, which is higher than those of most temperature‐sensing materials. Moreover, the WLED fabricated by Sm3+‐doped Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+NCs@PMMA displays CIE color coordinates of (0.30, 0.28), a luminous efficiency of 37.5 lm W−1, a CCT of 8035 K, and a CRI over 80, which indicate that Sm3+‐doped Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+NCs are promising single‐component white‐light‐emitting phosphors for next‐generation lighting and display technologies.
Self‐Driving Underwater “Aerofluidics”
Authors: Yong Jiale , Peng Yubin , Wang Xiuwen , Li Jiawen , Hu Yanlei , Chu Jiaru , Wu Dong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHere, the concept of “aerofluidics,” in which a system uses microchannels to transport and manipulate trace gases at the microscopic scale to build a highly versatile integrated system based on gas‒gas or gas‒liquid microinteractions is proposed. A kind of underwater aerofluidic architecture is designed using superhydrophobic surface microgrooves written by a femtosecond laser. In the aqueous medium, a hollow microchannel is formed between the superhydrophobic microgrooves and the water environment, which allows gas to flow freely underwater for aerofluidic devices. Driven by Laplace pressure, gas can be self‐transported along various complex patterned paths, curved surfaces, and even across different aerofluidic devices, with an ultralong transportation distance of more than 1 m. The width of the superhydrophobic microchannels of the designed aerofluidic devices is only ≈42.1 µm, enabling the aerofluidic system to achieve accurate gas transportation and control. With the advantages of flexible self‐driving gas transportation and ultralong transportation distance, the underwater aerofluidic devices can realize a series of gas control functions, such as gas merging, gas aggregation, gas splitting, gas arrays, gas‒gas microreactions, and gas‒liquid microreactions. It is believed that underwater aerofluidic technology can have significant applications in gas‐involved microanalysis, microdetection, biomedical engineering, sensors, and environmental protection.
Development and evaluation of a formulation of probiont Phaeobacter inhibens S4 for the management of vibriosis in bivalve hatcheries
Authors: Takyi Evelyn , LaPorte Jason , Sohn Saebom , Stevick Rebecca J. , Witkop Erin M. , Gregg Lauren S. , Chesler‐Poole Amanda , Small Jessica , White Meredith M. , Giray Cem , Rowley David C. , Nelson David R. , Gomez‐Chiarri Marta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLarval eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) grown in shellfish hatcheries are susceptible to bacterial diseases, particularly vibriosis. Probiotics are microbes that confer health benefits to the host and have been identified as promising tools to manage diseases in aquaculture. The marine bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens S4 (S4) protects larval eastern oysters against challenge with the bacterial pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus RE22 (RE22). A concentrated liquid formulation of probiont S4 that maintained high cell viability after long‐term storage was developed for commercial use in shellfish hatcheries. The safety and efficacy of the formulation were tested in six different trials in two hatcheries. The S4 formulation was added to C. virginica larvae culture tanks daily at 104 colony forming units (CFU)/mL from Day 1 post fertilisation until Day 6, 12 or 14, depending on the trial. Treatment of larvae in the hatchery with the S4 formulation did not significantly affect the survival and growth of the larvae. Formulated probiont S4 treatment in the hatchery led to a significant increase in relative percent survival (RPS) when larvae were subsequently challenged with the pathogen RE22 (105 CFU/mL) for 24 h in a laboratory challenge as compared to probiotic‐untreated RE22‐challenged larvae (RPS increase of 46%–74%, p < 0.05). These results suggest that this novel S4 formulation is a safe, easy‐to‐use and effective tool in preventing larval losses due to vibriosis in hatcheries.
Acid‐catalyzed One Pot Synthesis of Thiazolo[4,5‐b]indolamines from α‐Diazoimidamides and Thioureas
Authors: Mangali Rofin , Muthusamy Sengodagounder 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel synthetic method for the formation of thiazolo[4,5‐b]indol‐2‐amines from α‐diazoimidamides and mono‐substituted thioureas in the presence of a catalytic amount of boron trifluoride etherate and camphorsulfonic acid under mild conditions was demonstrated. This methodology has a wide‐ranging scope of α‐diazoimidamides and mono‐substituted thioureas, amenable for upscaling experiments and further transformation.
What can Mendelian randomization contribute to biological anthropology?
Authors: Bonilla Carolina , Herrera Guadalupe , Sans Mónica 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUncovering causal relationships between exposures and outcomes can be difficult in observational studies because of the potential for confounding and reverse causation to produce biased estimates. Conversely, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the strongest evidence for causality but they are not always feasible. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method that aims to strengthen causal inference using genetic variants as proxies or instrumental variables (IVs) for exposures, to overcome the above‐mentioned biases. Since allele segregation occurs at random from parents to offspring, and alleles for a trait assort independently from those for other traits, MR studies have frequently been compared to “natural” RCTs. In biological anthropology (BA) relationships between variables of interest are usually evaluated using observational data, often remaining descriptive, and other approaches to causal inference have seldom been implemented. Here, we propose the use of MR to investigate cause and effect relationships in BA studies and provide examples to show how that can be done across areas of BA relevance, such as adaptation to the environment, nutrition and life history theory. While we consider MR a useful addition to the biological anthropologist's toolbox, we advocate the adoption of a wide range of methods, affected by different types of biases, in order to better answer the important causal questions for the discipline.
Surgical tracheostomy in a patient with a stuck tracheal tube in situ
Authors: Cole E. , Conway D. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe inability to extubate a patient's trachea due to a mechanical complication is rarely encountered in clinical practice. The risks of attempting to remove a stuck tracheal tube include laryngeal trauma, vocal cord injury and arytenoid dislocation, all of which have significant implications. Here, we report the case of a patient who was admitted to the intensive care unit for mechanical ventilation following liver transplant surgery. Her trachea was initially extubated on the second postoperative day, but she required further mechanical ventilation the following day and her trachea was re‐intubated. Five days later, she was deemed suitable for tracheal extubation, but the formation of granulation tissue around the tracheal tube prevented its removal. A multi‐disciplinary decision‐making approach was taken when deciding to site a surgical tracheostomy. A flexible bronchoscope was used as an aid for safe placement. This facilitated safe extrication of the tracheal tube, which was freed by gentle manipulation both proximally and distally. We suspect that tracheal tube size may have been a factor in the development of the granulation tissue in this case. It is important to consider tracheal tube size in all patients, particularly if they require tracheal re‐intubation or are likely to require mechanical ventilation for a prolonged period.