bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Zero Fault Pegmatite is Associated with Marble at Franklin, New Jersey, USA
Authors: Puffer John H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Zero Fault Pegmatite is a large, unzoned pegmatite of graphic granite that is well exposed along quarry walls at Franklin, New Jersey. It is contained within the Franklin Marble and intersects the Zero Fault. New geochemical data has facilitated development of a three-step process responsible for its origin: (1) Anatectic partial fusion of a potassic metarhyolite (mapped as Microcline Gneiss) which occurred during peak-Ottawan (∼1045 Ma) granulite-facies metamorphism (∼770 °C and 600 MPa). Most of the resulting anatectic melt phase recrystallized in situ to form the leucosome of the Microcline Gneiss, but some persisted from late- to post-orogenesis and plots between the 720 and 730 °C isotherms of the 500 MPa phase diagram for the haplogranite, consistent with some relaxation and cooling from peak conditions. This residual and incompatible element enriched melt intruded along penetrating structures to form a local cluster of small, equally potassic granite plutons mapped as the Mt. Eve Granite. (2) Intrusion of the Mt. Eve Granite into marble layers, during which the anatectic melt underwent dense mineral fractionation, resulted in the formation of the Zero Fault Pegmatitic melt. (3) The melt encountered CO2 vapors, which reduced H2O activity, increased solidus temperatures, and resulted in significant undercooling. The latter led to rapid crystallization (at 720 to 740 °C), leading to development of a quenched, graphic texture. While the emplacement of graphic granite into marble is common among pegmatites, notably those in the Grenville Province, the proposed explanation provides insights into their general formation.
Trace Element Characteristics of Tourmaline in Porphyry Cu Systems: Development and Application To Discrimination
Authors: Beckett-Brown Christopher E. , McDonald Andrew M. , McClenaghan M. Beth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSamples of tourmaline supergroup minerals from seven mineralized porphyry systems (Cu ±Au, ±Mo) that include Casino (Yukon, Canada), Coxheath (Nova Scotia, Canada), Donoso breccia (Chile), Highland Valley Copper (British Columbia, Canada), New Afton (British Columbia, Canada), Schaft Creek (British Columbia, Canada), and Woodjam (British Columbia, Canada) were examined to characterize their trace element signatures and to evaluate discriminating variables that distinguish them from tourmaline supergroup minerals forming in other environments. Trace element analyses, conducted via LA-ICP-MS, reveal striking similarities in trace element character among the mineralized environments examined in contrast to those considered to be barren. Key concentrations of elements (Sr, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ga) and select element ratios (Sr/Pb and Zn/Cu) are useful discriminators. These discriminators are presented and compared to that of tourmaline supergroup minerals forming in other geologic environments. The tourmaline supergroup minerals from porphyry systems are characterized by high Sr/Pb values (avg: 297) and relatively low Zn/Cu (avg: 4.8) values. A ternary plot of Sr/Pb–Zn/Cu–Ga is effective in distinguishing porphyry-related tourmaline supergroup minerals. Compared to porphyry grains, tourmaline supergroup minerals derived from felsic pegmatites have lower Sr/Pb values (avg: 2.91) and higher Zn/Cu values (avg: 472); those from orogenic Au deposits have high Sr/Pb (avg: 193) similar to porphyries but intermediate Zn/Cu (avg: 223) and lower Ga (avg: 43 ppm); and those considered metamorphic (greenschist to amphibolite) form in the center of the ternary. An effective approach for discrimination was developed utilizing an understanding of both intrinsic and extrinsic controls. More broadly, this work has implications for using tourmaline supergroup minerals recovered from surficial sediments to identify prospective areas for further porphyry exploration.
Legal approaches to combating massacres in russia
Authors: Chechel Grigory , Artamonova Elena , Tretyak Maria , Gontar Sergei 
Published: March 2023

Objective: In recent decades, the number of mass shootings in Russian educational institutions has increased. The study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of various means of protecting an individual developed and implemented in the country. Within this objective, the authors discuss the possibility of using preventive measures against grave crimes, i.e. the death penalty enshrined in the current criminal law but not fully implemented due to the moratorium. In the emerging Russian judicial practice, the authors consider crimes committed by minors and persons between the age of 18 and 21.

Methods: As part of the study, the authors review scientific works on the topic, crime statistics, and decisions of legislative authorities.

Results: According to the newly developed and consolidated provisions of Russian legislation, there has been a tightening of responsibility for arms trafficking in the form of a complete ban on the acquisition of any firearms by the named persons. It has been established that the main reason for the rapid increase in massacres is not the tightening or leniency of the law but its non-compliance. In the cases under consideration, civilian firearms were acquired by young people illegally due to neglect of one’s professional duties.

Conclusion: The authors believe that the measures, consisting in toughening the responsibility for the illegal circulation of civilian weapons adopted in 2021, will be more effective in preventing massacres among persons under the age of 21. As for the ability of such measures to counteract grave crimes committed by persons who have already reached this age, there are great doubts about their effectiveness. In this regard, there is a need to improve the newly adopted measures to prevent grave crimes among young people depending on their age (under or over 21).
How people reason with counterfactual and causal explanations for Artificial Intelligence decisions in familiar and unfamiliar domains
Authors: Celar Lenart , Byrne Ruth M. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFew empirical studies have examined how people understand counterfactual explanations for other people’s decisions, for example, “if you had asked for a lower amount, your loan application would have been approved”.Yet many current Artificial Intelligence (AI) decision support systems rely on counterfactual explanations to improve human understanding and trust. We compared counterfactual explanations to causal ones, i.e.,“because you asked for a high amount, your loan application was not approved”, for an AI’s decisions in a familiar domain (alcohol and driving) and an unfamiliar one (chemical safety) in four experiments (n = 731). Participants were shown inputs to an AI system, its decisions, and an explanation for each decision; they attempted to predict the AI’s decisions, or to make their own decisions. Participants judged counterfactual explanations more helpful than causal ones, but counterfactuals did not improve the accuracy of their predictions of the AI’s decisions more than causals (Experiment 1). However, counterfactuals improved the accuracy of participants’ own decisions more than causals (Experiment 2). When the AI’s decisions were correct (Experiments 1 and 2), participants considered explanations more helpful and made more accurate judgements in the familiar domain than in the unfamiliar one; but when the AI’s decisions were incorrect, they considered explanations less helpful and made fewer accurate judgements in the familiar domain than the unfamiliar one, whether they predicted the AI’s decisions (Experiment 3a) or made their own decisions (Experiment 3b). The results corroborate the proposal that counterfactuals provide richer information than causals, because their mental representation includes more possibilities.
El nearshoring en el Perú
Authors: Martel-Carranza Christian 
Published: March 2023

En los últimos años, el nearshoring ha cobrado mayor importancia en la región de América Latina debido a la creciente competencia en el mercado global y las necesidades de reducción de costos y mejora de la eficiencia. Según un estudio realizado por la consultora Frost & Sullivan (2020), elmercado de nearshoring en Latinoamérica alcanzó los 8000 millones de dólares en 2020 y se espera que siga creciendo en los próximos años.
Dissipative Capture of Planets into First-order Mean-motion Resonances
Authors: Batygin Konstantin , Petit Antoine C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The emergence of orbital resonances among planets is a natural consequence of the early dynamical evolution of planetary systems. While it is well established that convergent migration is necessary for mean-motion commensurabilities to emerge, recent numerical experiments have shown that the existing adiabatic theory of resonant capture provides an incomplete description of the relevant physics, leading to an erroneous mass scaling in the regime of strong dissipation. In this work, we develop a new model for resonance capture that self-consistently accounts for migration and circularization of planetary orbits, and derive an analytic criterion based upon stability analysis that describes the conditions necessary for the formation of mean-motion resonances. We subsequently test our results against numerical simulations and find satisfactory agreement. Our results elucidate the critical role played by adiabaticity and resonant stability in shaping the orbital architectures of planetary systems during the nebular epoch, and provide a valuable tool for understanding their primordial dynamical evolution.
L’isolement social dans une société de solidarité. Le cas des Sereer Siin au Sénégal
Authors: Deslauriers Véronique , Bignami Simona , Delaunay Valérie , Sandberg John 
Published: March 2023

Bien que l’Afrique subsaharienne soit le terrain de mutations sociales importantes, notamment quant au rôle de soutien que jouent les familles, le phénomène de l’isolement social y demeure peu abordé. Cet article a pour objectif d’identifier un cadre théorique pour étudier l’isolement social dans les sociétés de solidarité d’Afrique subsaharienne et de décrire comment cet isolement se manifeste chez les Sereer Siin au Sénégal. L’analyse s’appuie sur 52 entretiens réalisés dans le cadre d’une enquête sur les réseaux sociaux menée sur le territoire de l’Observatoire de population de Niakhar (Niakhar Social Networks and Health Project). Ces données suggèrent que l’isolement se manifeste à travers l’incapacité à se maintenir dans le système d’assurance informelle et que l’expérience migratoire (migration de travail pour les hommes et matrimoniale pour les femmes) est un facteur explicatif des situations d’isolement, lorsqu’elle intervient dans certains contextes comme ceux de conflits familiaux et d’appauvrissement.
Le système d'enceintes du Saint-Mont (Vosges) : chronologie multiple et difficultés de datation de marqueurs paysagers en pierre sèche
Authors: Grzesznik Axelle , Chenal Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Aux portes des Vosges méridionales, le massif granitique du Saint-Mont, se dresse comme un élément fort du paysage. Occupé depuis la fin de l’Antiquité jusqu’à la Révolution française, il semble d’abord regrouper un habitat, puis devient un pôle religieux de première importance en Austrasie. Le monasterium Habendum est fondé au VIIe siècle, selon les sources hagiographiques dans un castrum dit ruiné, dans la « solitude des Vosges ». Des aménagements dans les pentes renvoient prudemment à cette notion de castrum : un système d’enceintes composées de plusieurs murs construits en pierre sèche, couronnant le massif sur plusieurs niveaux. Ce site de hauteur offre ici l’opportunité d’aborder les questions liées aux techniques de construction, mal connues du point de vue archéologique, par le biais d’une étude architecturale des structures analysées dans leur contexte topographique d’implantation.
Reviewing The Rural Lens in Education Policy and Practice
Authors: Wallace Andrew , Boylan Colin 
Published: March 2023

It is interesting to reflect upon past conversations and to explore their implications for current practice. That is the point of the current paper, which looks back at our progress towards adopting a rural lens to drive policy - to develop initiatives for rural education based upon rural needs, rather than apparent metro-centric political decision making and policy development.
In the recent keynote address Wallace and Boylan (2007) argued for a re-evaluation of the ways in which we, as educators, engage with conversations around rural education. Central to that discussion was a simple metaphor, that of a rural lens (Corbett & Mulcahy, 2006). The rural lens is a way of reconceptualising or rethinking our current practices. It is a way that allows us to ask hard educational questions that refocus the attention of decision makers specifically on rural education policy and practice. It came from a concern that so much of our policy making and practice is reactive, coming from a city-based often deficit view of the rural landscape. In such a regime rural educators and communities do themselves a great dis-service, and end up with strategies that do not reflect the unique conditions of rural areas. In short, the keynote paper called for a re-examination of our thinking from a rural perspective, rather than from the typical metro-centric or bureaucratic perspective. It did this by documenting the nature of change within rural communities, and the changing nature of rural economics and sociologies within emerging national and global environmental and socio-economic parameters (Wallace & Boylan, 2007). It developed around many of the deficit models that seem to pervade current rural education policy making, with roots extending way back to the thinking of Turney, Sinclair & Cairns (1980) in the late 1970‘s.
SPECTRAL-LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF A NEW BENZETHIAZOLE POLYMETHINE DYE
Authors: Pligin E. I. , Lavysh A. V. , Lugovskii A. A. , Voropay E. S. , Kopishev E. E. , Maskevich А. А. 
Published: March 2023

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of a new styryl derivative of thioflavin T tosylate 2-{(1E,3E)-4-[4-(dimethylamino)-2,6-dimethylphenyl]buta-1,3-dien-1-yl}- 3-ethyl-1,3-benzothiazolium-3 (Th-C23) in solvents of different polarity and viscosity, as well as when it is incorporated into the structure of amyloid fibrils
and bovine serum albumin are investigated. A characteristic feature of the dye is an extremely low fluorescence quantum yield in low-viscosity solvents (10–4 in water), which, however, increases significantly in viscous solutions and when incorporated into the structure of proteins or amyloid fibrils. In the latter case,
the quantum yield increases by 8х103 times. Based on experimental studies and quantum chemical calculations,
it is shown that Th-C23 exhibits molecular rotor properties. An increase in the fluorescence quantum yield in viscous solutions and upon incorporation into biopolymers is the result of limiting the torsion rotation of molecular fragments, leading to fluorescence quenching. The long-wavelength position of the absorption spectrum and the fluorescence spectrum of the new dye in the red region of the spectrum (520 and 600 nm)
makes it possible to use it as a fluorescent marker sensitive to the viscosity (hardness) of the microenvironment not only in vitro, but also in vivo.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, XQUANG CÁC RĂNG HÀM CÓ CHỈ ĐỊNH PHỤC HÌNH BẰNG CHỤP KIM LOẠI PHỦ CERAMAGE
Authors: Phạm Thanh Hà , Nguyễn Phương Huyền 
Published: March 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên 40 răng có chỉ định phục hình bằng chụp kim loại tại Khoa RHM - Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội và Trung tâm kỹ thuật cao khám chữa bệnh răng hàm mặt A7, Viện đào tạo RHM trường Đại học Y Hà Nội trong thời gian từ tháng 9/2015 đến 9/2016. Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, Xquang các răng hàm có chỉ định phục hình bằng chụp kim loại phủ Ceramage. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: 39/40 răng hàm có nguyên nhân do sâu răng hay bệnh lý tủy răng đã được chữa tủy tốt được làm chụp bọc chiếm 97,5%. Chỉ 1 răng mòn nhiều có tủy sống được làm chụp chiếm 2,5%. 55% các răng hàm còn đủ 4 thành sau mài chụp, 42,5%, 2,5% các răng hàm tương ứng còn 3 và 2 thành sau mài chụp. 22 răng hàm (55%) còn đủ 4 thành răng sau mài cùi, không cần cắm chốt ống tủy. Trong số 17 răng hàm còn 3 thành sau mài cùi thì có 4 răng cắm chốt ống tủy, có 1 răng còn 2 thành có cắm chốt ống tủy sau mài chụp. Tỷ lệ các răng không phải cắm chốt ống tuỷ là 35 răng chiếm 87,5%. Kết luận: Lý do làm phục hình chính là do sâu răng, bệnh lý tủy răng (97,5%), phần lớn là các răng hàm lớn vĩnh viễn thứ nhất, các răng sau mài cùi còn đủ 4 thành không phải cắm chốt ống tủy chiếm 55%, còn 3 thành chiếm 42,5% và 2 thành chiếm 2,5% cần cắm chốt, tái tạo cùi răng trước khi lấy dấu làm chụp.
Geleneğin Sosyal Medya Yolculuğuna Bir Örnek: Diş Hediği
Authors: TARHAN Esra 
Published: March 2023

Bebeğin ilk dişinin çıkması Türk kültüründe diş hediği, diş buğdayı gibi adlarla kutlanmaktadır. İlk dişe yönelik kutlamalar çok eski dönemlerden beri devam etmektedir. Çünkü bebeğin dişinin çıkması yeme alışkanlıklarının değişmesine yönelik bir işarettir ve bebeğin gelişiminin iyi yönde olduğunu göstermektedir. Bebeğin diş çıkarması bebek açısından zorlu bir süreçtir. Bebeğin diğer dişlerinin sağlıkla çıkması ve bu süreci daha az zorlukla atlatması amacıyla Türk kültüründe çeşitli uygulamalar gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bebeğin ilk dişini çıkarmasına yönelik olarak hemen hemen her yörede benzer uygulamalar görülmekle birlikte aralarında bazı farklılıklar da olabilmektedir. Bebeğin dişlerinin sağlıkla ve kolaylıkla çıkması için buğday kaynatılmaktadır. Buğdayın kaynatılmasıyla elde edilen hedik gibi bebeğin dişlerinin de kolaylıkla çıkması istenmektedir. Akrabaların ve komşuların bir araya gelerek bebeğin ilk dişinin çıkmasına yönelik kutlamaları son yıllarda elektronik kültür ortamına taşınmıştır.
Elektronik kültür ortamında “diş buğdayı partisi” adı ile düzenlenen kutlamalarda daha fazla kişiye ulaşma isteği dikkat çekmektedir. Bu nedenle genellikle anneler bebeklerinin ilk dişinin çıkması üzerine kutlamalar düzenleyerek bunları Youtube videosu olarak paylaşmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada “diş buğdayı partisi” adı ile düzenlenen ve Youtube videosu olarak paylaşılan on üç adet video incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın on üç adet video ile sınırlandırılmasının sebebi söz konusu videoların içerik açısından büyük oranda benzerlik göstermesidir. Diş hediği geleneği içerikli Youtube videolarından örneklem alınarak çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bebeğin ilk dişinin çıkmasını kutlamak için yapılan hazırlıklar, kutlamaya katılanlar, kutlamanın zamanı ve mekânı, diş hediği geleneğine yönelik yaklaşımlar, geleneğe göre çocuğa yaptırılan meslek seçimindeki değişim Youtube videolarından hareketle değerlendirilmiştir. Geleneksel kültürdeki uygulamaların elektronik kültür ortamına taşınmasıyla bazı değişimlere uğradığı görülmüş ve değişen uygulamaların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Esas olarak bebeğin ilk dişinin kutlanmasına yönelik hazırlıklardan başlamak üzere hemen hemen her aşamasında değişimin olduğu dikkat çekmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında on üç video içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.
Earth observations from the Moon's surface: dependence on lunar libration
Authors: Gorkavyi Nick , Krotkov Nickolay , Marshak Alexander 
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Observing the Earth from the Moon's surface has important
scientific advantages. The angular diameter of the Earth as seen from the
Moon's surface is 1.8–2.0∘ (the angular size varies due
to the change in the Earth–Moon distance). The libration of the Moon in
latitude reaches an amplitude of 6.68∘ and has a main period of
27.21 d (or 653.1 h). The libration of the Moon in longitude,
reaching an amplitude of 7.9∘, has a period of 27.55 d (or
661.3 h). This causes the center of the Earth to move in the Moon's sky
in a rectangle measuring 13.4∘ × 15.8∘. The
trajectory of the Earth's motion in this rectangle changes its shape within a
period of 6 years. This apparent librational movement of the Earth in the
Moon's sky complicates observations of the Earth. This paper proposes that this disadvantage be turned into an advantage and that a multi-slit spectrometer be placed on the Moon's surface on a fixed platform. The libration motion and the daily rotation of the Earth will act as a natural replacement for the scanning mechanism.
Addressing deep array effects and impacts to wake steering with the cumulative-curl wake model
Authors: Bay Christopher J. , Fleming Paul , Doekemeijer Bart , King Jennifer , Churchfield Matt , Mudafort Rafael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Wind farm design and analysis heavily rely on computationally efficient engineering models that are evaluated many times to find an optimal solution. A recent article compared the state-of-the-art Gauss-curl hybrid (GCH) model to historical data of three offshore wind farms. Two points of model discrepancy were identified therein: poor wake predictions for turbines experiencing a lot of wakes and wake interactions between two turbines over long distances. The present article addresses those two concerns and presents the cumulative-curl (CC) model. Comparison of the CC model to high-fidelity simulation data and historical data of three offshore wind farms confirms the improved accuracy of the CC model over the GCH model in situations with large wake losses and wake recovery over large inter-turbine distances. Additionally, the CC model performs comparably to the GCH model for single- and fewer-turbine wake interactions, which were already accurately modeled. Lastly, the CC model has been implemented in a vectorized form, greatly reducing the computation time for many wind conditions. The CC model now enables reliable simulation studies for both small and large offshore wind farms at a low computational cost, thereby making it an ideal candidate for wake-steering optimization and layout optimization.
Health sciences and medical librarians conducting research and their experiences asking for co-authorship
Authors: Bloss Jamie E. , Sewell Kerry , Schellinger Jana , Haberstroh Amanda 
Published: March 2023

Objective: Health sciences librarians frequently engage in scholarly publication, both with other librarians undertaking intradisciplinary scholarship, and increasingly as members of research teams centered in other disciplines. We sought to assess the emotional and institutional context of authorship among health sciences librarians, including emotions experienced during authorship negotiation, the frequency with which authorship is denied, and the correlation of perceived support from supervisors and the research community with the number of publications produced.
Methods: 342 medical and health sciences librarians took an online survey of 47 questions regarding emotions experienced when asking for authorship, denial of authorship, if they have been given authorship without asking, and the extent to which they felt supported to conduct research in their current job.
Results: Authorship negotiation creates varied and complex emotions among librarians. The emotions reported differed when negotiating authorship with librarian colleagues and when negotiating authorship with professionals in another field. Negative emotions were reported when asking either type of colleague for authorship. Respondents reported feeling mostly supported and encouraged by their supervisors, research communities, and workplaces. Nearly one quarter (24.4%) of respondents reported being denied authorship by colleagues outside of their departments. Perceived research appreciation and support by the research community is correlated with the total number of articles or publications produced by librarians.
Conclusions: Authorship negotiation among health sciences librarians involves complex and frequently negative emotions. Denial of authorship is frequently reported. Institutional and professional support appear to be critical to publication among health sciences librarians.