bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum autophagy protein 5 is positively related to T helper 2/T helper 1 ratio, inflammation, and exacerbation in adult asthma patients
Authors: Ke Changjiang , Xie Sheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) regulates airway epithelial cell autophagy, immune response, and inflammation, which is involved in asthma progression. This study aimed to evaluate ATG5 levels and its clinical roles in adult asthma patients.

Methods
Totally, 200 adult asthma patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this case-control study. Subsequently, serum ATG5 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
ATG5 was increased in asthma patients compared with HCs [median (interquartile range): 44.2 (31.7–77.8) vs. 23.2 (16.7–39.2) ng/mL] (P < 0.001). In asthma patients, ATG5 was positively related to male gender (P = 0.022), a family history of asthma (P = 0.035), eosinophil count (P < 0.001), and immune globulin E (P < 0.001), while it was negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (P < 0.001) and FEV1 (Predicted) (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, ATG5 was inversely associated with T helper (Th) 1 cells (P = 0.008), while it was positively linked with Th2 cells (P < 0.001), Th2/Th1 ratio (P < 0.001), interleukin (IL)-4 (P = 0.002), and IL-4/interferon-γ ratio (P = 0.015). Additionally, ATG5 was positively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-α (P < 0.001), IL-1β (P = 0.001), IL-6 (P = 0.003), and IL-17 (P = 0.029). Notably, ATG5 was elevated in asthma patients at exacerbation compared to those at remission [median (interquartile range): 53.6 (37.6–90.0) vs. 35.6 (28.2–51.5) ng/mL] (P < 0.001). It was also noteworthy that ATG5 was positively linked with exacerbation severity in asthma patients (P = 0.005).

Conclusion
Serum ATG5 is related to increased Th2/Th1 ratio, inflammation, exacerbation risk and severity in adult asthma patients, which serves as a candidate marker for the management of asthma. However, further validation is still needed.
Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: a cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: Adjei-Gyamfi Silas , Musah Bashiru , Asirifi Abigail , Hammond John , Aryee Paul Armah , Miho Sato , Aiga Hirotsugu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Abnormal birthweights are critical public health challenges accountable for most non-communicable diseases and perinatal mortalities. Regardless of the myriad of mixed evidence on maternal factors responsible for abnormal birthweight globally, most of these findings are attained from urban and rural settings. This study serves as one of the key pieces of evidence in view of the increasing prevalence of abnormal birthweight particularly in some parts of semi-rural Ghana. The study, therefore, aims to estimate the prevalence of abnormal birthweight and identify some possible maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight in Northern Ghana.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Savelugu municipality from February–March 2022. A total of 356 mothers aged 16–46 years, having a neonate and attending postnatal care service, were recruited as study participants. Data were collected from maternal and child health record books and through structured interviews. To identify the maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight, chi-square/Fischer’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression were employed as bivariate and multivariate analyses, respectively, at 95% confidence level.

Results
Prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were 22.2% and 8.7%, respectively. Maternal anaemia in first trimester (AOR 3.226; 95% CI 1.372–7.784) and third trimester (AOR 23.94; 95% CI 7.442–70.01) of gestation was strong predictors for low birthweight. Mothers belonging to minority ethnic groups (AOR 0.104; 95% CI 0.011–0.995); mothers who had ≥ 8 antenatal care visits (AOR 0.249; 95% CI 0.103–0.602); and mothers having neonates whose birth length > 47.5 cm (AOR 0.271; 95% CI 0.113–0.651) had reduced odds for low birthweight. Alternatively, mothers with gestational weeks ≥ 42 (AOR 23.21; 95% CI 4.603–56.19) and mothers from the richest households (highest socioeconomic homes) (AOR 14.25; 95% CI 1.638–23.91) were more likely to birth to macrosomic infants.

Conclusion
The prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were relatively high. Anaemia in the first and third trimesters was strong determinants of low birthweight. Being minority ethnic group, frequency of antenatal visits, and childbirth length reduced the risk of low-weight births. Advanced gestational age and socioeconomic status of mothers were also predictors of macrosomia. Hence, nutrition counselling, community health education, and promotion of lifestyle improvement coupled with strengthening of health service delivery are recommended interventions.
Survival Effect of Maximal Cytoreductive Surgery for Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma During the Platinum Era: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bristow Robert E. , Tomacruz Rafael S. , Armstrong Deborah K. , Trimble Edward L. , Montz F. J. 
Published: August 2023

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relative effect of percent maximal cytoreductive surgery and other prognostic variables on survival among cohorts of patients with advanced-stage ovarian carcinoma treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-one cohorts of patients with stage III or IV ovarian carcinoma (6,885 patients) were identified from articles in MEDLINE (1989 through 1998). Linear regression models, with weighted correlation calculations, were used to assess the effects on log median survival time of the proportion of each cohort undergoing maximal cytoreduction, dose-intensity of the platinum compound administered, proportion of patients with stage IV disease, median age, and year of publication. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between percent maximal cytoreduction and log median survival time, and this correlation remained significant after controlling for all other variables ( P < .001). Each 10% increase in maximal cytoreduction was associated with a 5.5% increase in median survival time. When actuarial survival was estimated, cohorts with ≤ 25% maximal cytoreduction had a mean weighted median survival time of 22.7 months, whereas cohorts with more than 75% maximal cytoreduction had a mean weighted median survival time of 33.9 months—an increase of 50%. The relationship between platinum dose-intensity and log median survival time was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: During the platinum era, maximal cytoreduction was one of the most powerful determinants of cohort survival among patients with stage III or IV ovarian carcinoma. Consistent referral of patients with apparent advanced ovarian cancer to expert centers for primary surgery may be the best means currently available for improving overall survival.
“Excess” Doubling Up During COVID: Changes in Children's Shared Living Arrangements
Authors: Amorim Mariana , Pilkauskas Natasha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The proportion of U.S. children living in doubled-up households, in which a child lives with a parent plus adult kin or nonkin, has increased in the last 40 years. Although shared living arrangements are often understood as a strategy to cope with crises, no research to date has examined changes in children's living arrangements during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the American Community Survey and the Current Population Survey to examine children's doubled-up living arrangements during 2020 and the extent to which children may have experienced “excess” doubling up relative to earlier years. We consider trends by household type (multigenerational, extended with other relatives, and nonrelative households) and differences by demographic characteristics (marital status, race and ethnicity, work status, education, age, and number of coresident children). We find evidence that more than half a million (509,600) children experienced “excess” doubling up in 2020. Greater than expected increases in doubled-up arrangements were driven by increases in multigenerational households, in particular among Black and Hispanic children, young children (under age six), those whose mothers never married, and those whose mothers were not working. Correlates of coresidence remained largely unchanged over time, although having a mother who had never married became a stronger correlate in 2020. Our findings suggest that both economic and instrumental needs likely explained the rise in multigenerational coresidence in 2020.
Schwann cells are axo-protective after injury irrespective of myelination status in mouse Schwann cell–neuron cocultures
Authors: Mutschler Clara , Fazal Shaline V. , Schumacher Nathalie , Loreto Andrea , Coleman Michael P. , Arthur-Farraj Peter 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Myelinating Schwann cell (SC)–dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron cocultures are an important technique for understanding cell–cell signalling and interactions during peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelination, injury, and regeneration. Although methods using rat SCs and neurons or mouse DRG explants are commonplace, there are no established protocols for compartmentalised myelinating cocultures with dissociated mouse cells. There consequently is a need for a coculture protocol that allows separate genetic manipulation of mouse SCs or neurons, or use of cells from different transgenic animals to complement in vivo mouse experiments. However, inducing myelination of dissociated mouse SCs in culture is challenging. Here, we describe a new method to coculture dissociated mouse SCs and DRG neurons in microfluidic chambers and induce robust myelination. Cocultures can be axotomised to study injury and used for drug treatments, and cells can be lentivirally transduced for live imaging. We used this model to investigate axon degeneration after traumatic axotomy and find that SCs, irrespective of myelination status, are axo-protective. At later timepoints after injury, live imaging of cocultures shows that SCs break up, ingest and clear axonal debris.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of periodontal and periapical disease
Authors: Johannsen Katrine Mølgaard , Fuglsig João Marcus de Carvalho E Silva , Matzen Louise Hauge , Christensen Jennifer , Spin-Neto Rubens 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Early pre-clinical inflammatory changes in periodontal and/or periapical lesions, which typically precede bone loss, are challenging to diagnose using ionizing-radiation-based imaging modalities. MRI provides relevant additional diagnostic information of inflammatory processes in soft and hard tissues. The aim of the present study is to undertake a systematic review of the literature on MRI in the diagnosis of periodontal and/or periapical disease. Methods and Materials: The PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus bibliographic databases were searched (2000–2021) using the search string: (“MRI” or “magnetic resonance imaging”) and (“periodontitis” or “periodontal” or “apical pathology” or “endodontic pathology” or “periapical” or “furcation” or “intrabony”). The search was limited to studies published in English. The studies were assessed independently by three reviewers, focusing on the MRI sequences, imaging modalities (radiographs, cone beam CT (CBCT), and MRI), disease definition, assessed parameters, and outcome measurements. Results: The search strategy yielded 34 studies, from which 13 were included. Overall, the findings of MRI were in agreement with CBCT. The studies showed that MRI provided diagnostic information of the hard and soft tissue components affected by periodontal and/or periapical disease with a fairly high sensitivity and specificity. However, the assessed parameters (e.g. MRI acquisition protocols, and disease definition) differed substantially. Conclusions: The included studies indicate that the use of MRI in the diagnosis of periodontal and/or periapical disease is feasible and promising. More studies are needed to define the accuracy of this non-ionizing-radiation-based diagnostic modality, in the assessment of periodontal and/or periapical lesions.
Ideologisation of the Family in Women’s Magazines in the People’s Republic of Poland: Propaganda Models and Transmission Mechanisms
Authors: Doniec Renata 
Published: August 2023

This article aims to show the phenomenon of ideologisation of the Polish family in the official dimension of the culture of real socialism, i.e. the media. The subject of the analysis was the most popular women’s press in the People’s Republic of Poland,with a socio-educational and advisory nature. By presenting the phenomenon of family ideologisation, attempts were made to show two of its aspects, i.e. mechanisms for the transmission of propagated content. In the first case, the family models appearing inthe analysed press in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s were reconstructed, and in the second, the techniques, principles, and means used in the propaganda message were presented. The basic research problem is framed in the question: What models of family life were propagated by the examined women’s press in selected periods of real socialism and what communication mechanisms were used concerning the propagated content? The following theoretical assumptions were adopted in the analysed issues: 1) the imageof the family propagated in magazines was subject to strong ideologisation and politicisation, 2) the family was treated as a political and educational tool in the service of the power apparatus, 3) interpretations of selected aspects of family life lowered therank and importance of the family in social awareness, and 4) various mechanisms of propaganda were used to weaken the cognitive and psychological structures of women. The basic material base of the research was the magazine “Przyjaciółka” published in selected periods of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. The supplementary base was the magazine “Kobieta i Życie” and studies by A. Kłoskowska from the 1950s and F. Adamski from the 1960s. In the reconstruction of the family models from the 1950s and 1960s, I used the content analysis method, and in the study of the family model from the 1970s, the frequency-thematic analysis of the messages of the researched content and H. Lasswell’s communication model. The theoretical reference for family analyses inthe period of the People’s Republic of Poland was the concept of family as defined by K. Marx, F. Engels and V. I. Lenin. The research findings revealed that the transmitted content was subject to strong ideologisation and politicisation. The transmitted contentweakened the importance of the family and deformed the sense of family values. The propagated image was one-sided and reduced. The family was treated as a tool in the service of the communist state. The techniques of transmission generated a sense of mental dilemma, ignorance, and intellectual confusion among the female readers.
Utopia a działanie historyczne
Authors: Kondylis Panajotis , Zieliński Lech , Głowacki Patryk 
Published: August 2023

Przekład i opracowanie:
Lech Zieliński
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska
e-mail: lechziel@umk.pl
ORCID: 0000-0003-1265-8873

Patryk Głowacki
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska
e-mail: glowwacki@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0001-9095-784X

Agata Kobylska
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska
e-mail: a.kobylska@interia.pl
ORCID: 0000-0003-0367-6121
Optimal Condition-Based Maintenance via a Mobile Maintenance Resource
Authors: Sanoubar Shadi , de Jonge Bram , Maillart Lisa M. , Prokopyev Oleg A. 
Published: August 2023

We consider the problem of performing condition-based maintenance on a set of geographically distributed assets via a single maintenance resource that travels between the assets’ locations. That is, we dynamically determine the optimal positioning of the maintenance resource and the optimal timing of condition-based maintenance interventions that the maintenance resource performs. These decisions are made as a function of the conditions of the assets and the current location of the maintenance resource to minimize total expected costs, which include downtime, travel, and maintenance expenses. This holistic approach enables us to study unique trade-offs, namely, maintaining an asset early if the maintenance resource is currently close by, or alternatively, optimally repositioning the maintenance resource or having it idle in key locations in anticipation of asset deterioration. We model the location of the maintenance resource and assets using a graph representation and the assets’ deterioration process as a discrete-time Markov chain. We formulate a Markov decision process to obtain the optimal policy for the maintenance resource (i.e., where to travel, idle, or repair). We explore the properties of the optimal policies (analytically and numerically) and how they are affected by the graph structure. Finally, we develop and analyze some implementation-friendly heuristic policies. Funding: This research was supported by Pitt Momentum Fund Award (3463) and NSF [Grant CMMI-2002681]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2021.0302 .
GUIA DE TURISMO RODOVIÁRIO DO RIO GRANDE SUL – 1952: UMA JANELA PARA COMPREENSÃO DO TURISMO NO ESTADO
Authors: Ragagnin Pimentel Maurício , Hallal Dalila , Müller Dalila 
Published: August 2023

Este artigo analisa a narrativa sobre o turismo, a figura do turista, bem como a justificativa de sua inserção na agenda pública em textos presentes no Guia de Turismo Rodoviário do Rio Grande do Sul de 1952, publicado pela Publicitária Riograndense. Partindo da noção de documento/monumento (LE GOFF, 1984), analisamos as condições de produção da obra e suas especificidades. Os textos analisados apresentam um esforço em consolidar o turismo como uma alavanca de desenvolvimento do Brasil e especificamente do Rio Grande do Sul, em um vínculo entre expansão do turismo e expansão do modal rodoviário. Outro ponto marcante é a ideia do turismo como elemento civilizatório.
The Work Ahead for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research
Authors: Kover Sara T. , Abbeduto Leonard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In “Toward Equity in Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities,” we sought to make entrenched assumptions and practices of intellectual and developmental disabilities research visible by explicitly describing the status quo in terms of models of disability, participant and researcher identities, research priorities, and biases in measurement and treatment approaches. We then curated individual- and systems-level actions drawn from disability justice and broader social justice lenses to offer a way forward. We focused on three major areas (i.e., intersectionality and person-centered approaches, participatory research, and interprofessional collaboration), depicting influences, methods, and actions in a framework of disability, identity, and culture. In this Author Response, we address five commentaries that critique and extend that synthesis.
Determinants of Podoconiosis in Bensa District, Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A case control study
Authors: Hailu Melaku , Chea Nana , Ali Musa Mohammed , Hailu Mesay 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPodoconiosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTD) with the greatest potential for elimination. Despite its public health importance, podoconiosis is a poorly understood disease which led to a widespread misconception about its cause, prevention, and treatment. Even though the exact global burden is still to be measured, it is estimated that at least 4 million people are affected with podoconiosis worldwide, of which more than 1.5 million people are in Ethiopia.The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of podoconiosis in Bensa District, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia.Methodology/Principal findingsA community-based unmatched case-control study was used to identify the determinants of podoconiosis. The sample size was estimated using the double population proportion formula. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Blood specimens collected from cases were tested by Filariasis Test Strip to exclude lymphatic filariasis. Data were checked for completeness, coded and entered into Epi-data Version 4.6, and exported to the SPSS version 22 software. Variables with ap<0.2 in the bivariate analysis were further analyzed using multivariable binary logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine determinants that could be associated with podoconiosis with a 95% confidence interval. A total of 459 (153 cases and 306 controls) participants were included with a response rate of 100%. Factors such as the age of participant [AOR = 0.34, 95% CI (0.13–0.87)], being female [AOR = 2.90, 95% CI (1.40–6.10)], age at which shoe wearing started [AOR = 0.7, 95% CI (0.03–0.16)], not wearing shoe daily [AOR = 2.26, 95% CI (1.05–4.86)], wearing hard plastic shoe [AOR = 3.38, 95% CI (1.31–10.89)], and family history with a similar disease (leg swelling) [AOR = 10.2, 95% CI (3.97–26.37)] were significantly associated with the occurrence of podoconiosis.Conclusions/SignificanceThe age of the participants, gender, the age at which shoe wearing started, type of shoe the participants’ wear, frequency of shoe wearing, traveling barefoot, and family history with similar disease (leg swelling) were significantly associated with the occurrence of podoconiosis. Sidama regional health bureau along with non-governmental organizations working on the neglected tropical disease should plan modalities on awareness creation and comprehensive health education on shoe wearing and foot hygiene.