bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuromedin B excites central lateral amygdala neurons and reduces cardiovascular output and fear‐potentiated startle
Authors: Boyle Cody A. , Lei Saobo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP) are the two mammalian analogs in the bombesin peptide family that exert a variety of actions including emotional processing, appetitive behaviors, cognition, and tumor growth. The bombesin‐like peptides interact with three receptors: the NMB‐preferring bombesin 1 (BB1) receptors, the GRP‐preferring bombesin 2 (BB2) receptors and the orphan bombesin 3 (BB3) receptors. Whereas, injection of bombesin into the central amygdala reduces satiety and modulates blood pressure, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms have not been determined. As administration of bombesin induces the expression of Fos in the lateral nucleus of the central amygdala (CeL) which expresses BB1 receptors, we probed the effects of NMB on CeL neurons using in vitro and in vivo approaches. We showed that activation of the BB1 receptors increased action potential firing frequency recorded from CeL neurons via inhibition of the inwardly rectifying K+(Kir) channels. Activities of phospholipase Cβ and protein kinase C were required, whereas intracellular Ca2+release was unnecessary for BB1 receptor‐elicited potentiation of neuronal excitability. Application of NMB directly into the CeA reduced blood pressure and heart rate and significantly reduced fear‐potentiated startle. We may provide a cellular and molecular mechanism whereby bombesin‐like peptides modulate anxiety and fear responses in the amygdala.
The role of O‐GlcNAcylation mediated by OGT during tooth development
Authors: Pokharel Elina , Aryal Yam P. , Kim Tae‐Young , Kim Anna , Jung Jae‐Kwang , An Seo‐Young , Kwon Tae‐Yub , Min Bong‐Ki , Yamamoto Hitoshi , Cho Sung‐Won , Sohn Wern‐Joo , An Chang‐Hyeon , Lee Youngkyun , Kim Do‐Yeon , Ha Jung‐Hong , Kim Jae‐Young 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo understand the mechanisms underlying tooth morphogenesis, we examined the developmental roles of important posttranslational modification, O‐GlcNAcylation, which regulates protein stability and activity by the addition and removal of a single sugar (O‐GlcNAc) to the serine or threonine residue of the intracellular proteins. Tissue and developmental stage‐specific immunostaining results against O‐GlcNAc and O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in developing tooth germs would suggest that O‐GlcNAcylation is involved in tooth morphogenesis, particularly in the cap and secretory stage. To evaluate the developmental function of OGT‐mediated O‐GlcNAcylation, we employed an in vitro tooth germ culture method at E14.5, cap stage before secretory stage, for 1 and 2 days, with or without OSMI‐1, a small molecule OGT inhibitor. To examine the mineralization levels and morphological changes, we performed renal capsule transplantation for one and three weeks after 2 days of in vitro culture at E14.5 with OSMI‐1 treatment. After OGT inhibition, morphological and molecular alterations were examined using histology, immunohistochemistry, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, scanning electron microscopy, and ground sectioning. Overall, inhibition of OGT resulted in altered cellular physiology, including proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial rearrangements, with significant changes in the expression patterns of β‐catenin, fibroblast growth factor 4 (fgf4), and sonic hedgehog (Shh). Moreover, renal capsule transplantation and immunolocalizations of Amelogenin and Nestin results revealed that OGT‐inhibited tooth germs at cap stage exhibited with structural changes in cuspal morphogenesis, amelogenesis, and dentinogenesis of the mineralized tooth. Overall, we suggest that OGT‐mediated O‐GlcNAcylation regulates cell signaling and physiology in primary enamel knot during tooth development, thus playing an important role in mouse molar morphogenesis.
“It becomes your whole life”—Exploring experiences of reciprocal translocation carriers and their partners
Authors: Cifuentes Ochoa Marta , Flowers Nicola Jane , Pertile Mark Domenic , Archibald Alison Dalton 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReciprocal translocation carriers are often diagnosed when they are experiencing difficulties conceiving or after a pregnancy affected by an unbalanced set of chromosomes inherited from the balanced carrier parent. Having a reciprocal translocation is not uncommon; carriers can benefit from reproductive options to achieve a healthy, chromosomally balanced, pregnancy. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of carriers and their partners. We conducted 13 semi‐structured telephone interviews. Participants were recruited through Victorian Clinical Genetics Services and interviews took place between May and September 2020. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Reciprocal translocation carriers and their partners described long term emotional and reproductive impacts, with carrier status identified at the time of prenatal diagnosis having marked emotional consequences. Couples facing reproductive challenges found the diagnosis created uncertainty for their future. When considering a pregnancy, couples worried about experiencing a miscarriage; during pregnancy, there was a reluctance to have an invasive diagnostic procedure due to fearing the risk of losing an unaffected pregnancy. Adaptation to their new reality involved having access to accurate information, peer support and maintaining hope. Couples valued having the option to know the carrier status of their children. The complex impacts of carrying a reciprocal translocation highlight the importance of access to specialist genetic counseling services to ensure couples are supported in understanding the implications of their translocation
Potentially avoidable emergency department use by patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities
Authors: Tian Ye , Ayyappan Vinay , Hemmert Keith , Myers Jennifer , Gitelman Yevgeniy , Ryskina Kira 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOne‐third of patients discharged from hospitals to skilled nursing facilities (SNF) are sent back to the Emergency Department (ED) within 30 days. Little is known about those patients who are discharged from the ED directly back to SNF. We considered these ED visits as potentially avoidable since they did not result in observation or hospitalization stay. Using a retrospective chart review of 1010 patients with ED visits within 14‐days of discharge to SNF from University of Pennsylvania health system (UPHS) in 2020–2021, we identified 202 patients with potentially avoidable ED visits among medical and surgical patients. The most common reasons for these ED visits were mechanical falls (17.3%), postoperative problems (16.8%), and cardiac or pulmonary complaints (11.4%). Future interventions to decrease avoidable ED visits from SNFs should aim to provide access for SNF patients to receive timely outpatient lab and imaging services and postoperative follow‐ups.
Extrinsic and intrinsic musculature of the raptorial forelegs in Mantodea (Insecta) in the light of functionality and sexual dimorphism
Authors: Bäumler Fabian , Gorb Stanislav N. , Büsse Sebastian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrehensile raptorial forelegs are prey capturing and grasping devices, best known for praying mantises (Mantodea) within insects. They show strong morphological and behavioral adaptations toward a lifestyle as generalist arthropod predators. In the past, few species of Mantodea were investigated, concerning morphological variability of the raptorial forelegs. Especially the knowledge of foreleg anatomy in the light of functional and comparative morphology is scarce. Our comparative approach is based on the, for arthropods very common, “female‐biased sexual size dimorphism” (SSD) that occurs in almost every Mantodea species. Within Mantodea, this SSD is likely leading to a shift of the exploited ecological niche between male and female individuals due to changes in, for example, the possible prey size; which might be reflected in the chosen ecomorphs. In this context, we analyzed the musculature of the raptorial forelegs of female and male specimens in five different species with varying SSD, using high‐resolution microcomputed tomography and dissection. We were able to confirm the presence of 15 extrinsic and 15 intrinsic muscles—including one previously undescribed muscle present in all species. Thus, presenting a detailed description and illustrative three‐dimensional anatomical visualization of the musculature in Mantodea. Interestingly, almost no observable differences were found, neither between species, nor between the sexes. Furthermore, we homologized all described muscles, due to their attachment points, to the comprehensive nomenclature established by Friedrich and Beutel (2008), discussed potential functionality of the muscles and possible homologies to the neuropteran Mantispa styriaca (Büsse et al., 2021) and the newly introduced leg nomenclature by Aibekova et al. (2022). By elucidating the anatomy, particularly in the context of functionality and SSD, our results complement previous knowledge of the raptorial forelegs, and facilitate a better understanding of the underlying biomechanical system of the predatory strike, and ultimately, a future comparison to other insect taxa.
Orientin inhibits inflammation in chondrocytes and attenuates osteoarthritis through Nrf2/NF‐κB and SIRT6/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Xia Weiyi , Xiao Jian , Tong ChengLin , Lu Jiajie , Tu Yurong , Li Sunlong , Ni Libing , Shi Yifeng , Luo Peng , Zhang Xiaolei , Wang Xiangyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEffects of Orientin on murine chondrocytes treated with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) were evaluated using qPCR, western blot analysis, ELISA, and immunofluorescent staining in vitro. In vivo, We established a standard OA model by performing the destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) surgery on C57BL/6 mice, and assessed healing effect of Orientin by X‐ray imaging, histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of degenerative joint disease in clinic and the chondrocyte inflammation plays the most important role in OA development. The natural flavonoid compound (Orientin) has anti‐inflammatory bioactive properties in the treatment of various diseases. But studies have not explored whether Orientin modulates OA progression. In this study, a significant suppression in IL‐1β‐mediated pro‐inflammatory mediators and the degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) was observed in vitro through qPCR, western blot analysis, ELISA, and immunofluorescent staining after the treatment with Orientin. In addition, Orientin abrogated DMM surgery induced cartilage degradation in mice, which was assessed by X‐ray imaging, histopathological analysis, immunohistochemical staining. Mechanistic studies showed that Orientin suppressed OA development by downregulating activation of NF‐κB by activating Nrf2/HO‐1 axis and SIRT6 signaling pathway. These results provide evidence that Orientin serves as a potentially viable compound for the treatment of OA.
Extra‐articular biceps tendon supplement release in total knee arthroplasty for valgus deformity combined with severe flexion contracture
Authors: Wang Yiming , Geng Lei , Zhao Runkai , Yang Jianfeng , Cheng Long , Xin Peng , Wang Yan , Zhang Guoqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo investigate the efficacy of extra‐articular biceps tendon supplement (EBS) release in the treatment of valgus knee with severe flexion contracture. We retrospectively studied 27 patients who received EBS release for valgus knee combined with severe flexion contracture from 2018 to 2021. The full‐length radiograph of the lower limbs in a standing position was taken before and after the operation, and the tibiofemoral angles before and after the operation were measured on the full‐length radiograph of the lower limbs. Knee joint motion measurement and KSS scoring were performed before and after the operation (3 months, 6 months, and 1 year), and the obtained data were compared before and after the operation to evaluate clinical results. Compared with preoperation, postoperative HKA (p < 0.01), ROM at 3 months (p < 0.01), 6 months (p < 0.01), and 1 year (p < 0.01) were significantly improved, and KSS scores at 3 months (p < 0.01), 6 months (p < 0.01), and 1 year (p < 0.01) were significantly improved. Our EBS release has good clinical results for the treatment of valgus knee with severe flexion contracture.
Intestinal microbiomics and hepatic metabolomics insights into the potential mechanisms of probiotic Bifidobacterium pseudolongumCCFM1253 preventing acute liver injury in mice
Authors: Guo Weiling , Cui Shumao , Tang Xin , Yan Yongqiu , Xiong Feifei , Zhang Qiuxiang , Zhao Jianxin , Mao Bingyong , Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDBifidobacterium pseudolongum is widely exists in mammal gut and its abundance is associated with human and animal health. The present study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of B. pseudolongum CCFM1253 on protecting against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute liver injury (ALI) by metagenomic analysis and liver metabolomic profiles.RESULTSBifidobacterium pseudolongum CCFM1253 preintervention remarkably attenuated the influence of LPS on serum alanine transaminase and aspartate amino transferase activities. B. pseudolongum CCFM1253 preintervention remarkably attenuated the inflammation responses (tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, and interleukin‐6) and elevated antioxidative enzymes activities [total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase] in ALI mice by intervening in the Nf‐kβ and Nrf2 pathways, respectively. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum CCFM1253 treatment elevated the proportion of Alistipes and Bifidobacterium, and decreased the proportion of uncultured Bacteroidales bacterium, Muribaculum, Parasutterella and Ruminococcaceae UCG‐010 in ALI mice, which were strongly correlated with the inhibition of inflammation responses and oxidative stress. Untargeted liver metabolomics exhibited that the hepatoprotective efficacy of B. pseudolongum CCFM1253 might be achieved by altering liver metabolites‐related riboflavin metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, alanine, citrate cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), and so on. Furthermore, riboflavin exposure could control the contents of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in hydrogen peroxide‐treated HepG2 cells.CONCLUSIONBifidobacterium pseudolongum CCFM1253 can effectively alleviate inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and regulate the intestinal microbiota composition and liver metabolism, and elevate the liver riboflavin content in LPS‐treated mice. Therefore, B. pseudolongum CCFM1253 could serves as a potential probiotic to ameliorate the host health. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A novel ultra large size organic light emitting diode display for premium televisions
Authors: Shin Hong Jae , Kim Yong Ho , Kim Dong Myoung , Yun Seong Ho , Bae Sung Joon , Kim Han Seop , Lee Hyeon Woo , Oh Chang Ho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present novel ultra large size organic light emitting diode (OLED) display technologies with high image quality for premium televisions (TVs) using an advanced coplanar oxide thin film transistor (TFT) backplane, microlens array (MLA)‐based OLED, small size gate driver in panel for narrow bezel, and pixel charging enhancement method with external compensation. Using these technologies, we improved the luminance efficiency about 20% and reduced the integrated gate driver design area to 40%. We have achieved the life time of the gate driver in panel longer than 100,000 h in reliability test. The pixel charging ratio is more than 80% in all gray levels. Using the developed OLED display, we have successfully developed up to ultra large size 88‐in. 8K and 97‐in. 4K OLED TVs.
Cuento de nunca acabar [never‐ending story]: Compounding trauma and mental health among undocumented Latinx immigrants
Authors: Navarro Flores Cynthia M , Vázquez Alejandro L , Galvan Thania , Garcini Luz M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearch examining the effects of traumatic events on undocumented Latinx immigrants often focuses on assessing posttraumatic stress disorder or general psychological distress, which may obscure the field's understanding of how trauma exposure impacts other common mental health disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression). This study sought to assess the cumulative, individual, and timing effects of immigration‐related traumatic events on anxiety and depressive symptoms among undocumented Latinx immigrants. Participants were 253 undocumented Latinx immigrants recruited using respondent‐driven sampling who reported their history of immigration‐related trauma exposure and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results suggest that cumulative immigration‐related trauma was significantly associated with increases in anxiety and depressive symptoms, τ = .26. Significant positive correlations were found for cumulative trauma at each point in the immigration process (i.e., before immigration, while in transit to the United States, and while living in the United States) such that increases in the number of events were associated with higher anxiety and depressive symptom levels, τ = .11–.29. Trauma frequency differed throughout the immigration process such that some events more commonly occurred before immigration or during transit to the United States, whereas others occurred while an individual resided in the United States. Random forest algorithms uncovered differences in the relative importance of individual traumatic events in explaining the variance of depressive, R2 = .13, and anxiety symptoms, R2 = .14. The findings highlight the importance of providing trauma‐informed care when treating anxiety and depression among undocumented Latinx immigrants and considering multidimensional epidemiological approaches in assessing immigration‐related trauma.
Training in Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kennedy Eoghan J. , Cleere Eoin F. , Crotty Thomas J. , Keogh Ivan J. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveDespite the increasing popularity of Endoscopic Ear Surgery (EES), there is a lack of evidence to guide trainees as they introduce EES into practice. This review aims to evaluate training in EES including the optimal introductory procedures, methods of training, the learning curve, and the determination of competency in EES. In addition, this review seeks to identify any areas falling within these themes requiring further clarification.Data SourcesA database search of Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was conducted in June 2022. Original articles, systematic reviews, and meta‐analyses reporting on training in EES, introduction into practice, learning curves, and competency assessment were included.Review MethodsA scoping review was carried out in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and reported according to PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. A qualitative assessment of results grouped thematically was performed.ResultsTwenty‐eight studies met the inclusion criteria, with 24 rating as “fair” or “good” on quality assessment. Surgical simulation was the most frequently described method of training as utilized in 11 studies. The most suggested introductory procedure was tympanoplasty which was advocated for in five studies. Heterogeneity existed in the outcomes and methodologies used to measure EES learning curves, with an overreliance on surgical times. No robust definition of competency in EES procedures exists at present.ConclusionsSurgical simulation appears to be a beneficial training methodology for EES. However, there is a marked lack of objective data to describe the optimal introductory procedures or assessment of competency in EES. Laryngoscope, 133:3269–3278, 2023
Colorimetric Polymer Sensors for Smart Packaging
Authors: Escher Andrea , Megahd Heba , Tavella Christian , Comoretto Davide , Lova Paola 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNowadays, consumers can estimate the condition of packaged foods only by checking the expiration date on the label. However, this approach is inefficient when it comes to assessing the actual edibility of fresh products, since the events that accelerate the onset of degradation phenomena, such as a rise in temperature, cannot be continuously assessed. In this context, the detection of a different parameter, such as low concentration of amines, can reveal the onset of degradation processes. Here, a colorimetric photonic multilayer sensor is reported for detecting low amine concentrations suitable for sealed packages. The sensor consists of alternating layers of poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) and polyacrylic acid, and its response is based on the selective interaction between the latter and amines. This interaction causes the polymer layers to swell and introduce disorder into the photon structure, resulting in fading its bright color. Since the reaction of these systems is usually reversible, manipulation or false readings are possible due to inapt sealing of the package. It is shown that the activation of carboxylic acid residues of the sensitive polymer with N‐hydroxysuccinimide produces an irreversible response to amine vapor concentrations as low as 3 parts per billion.
Ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 promotes the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through PTEN ubiquitination and degradation
Authors: Xu Yingchen , Zhang Dongxin , Ji Jiajun , Zhang Lijun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMembrane‐associated ring‐CH‐type finger 8 (MARCH8) belongs to the MARCH family of membrane‐bound E3 ubiquitin ligases. The N‐terminus of MARCH family members contains the C4HC3 RING‐finger domain, which can bind to E2 ubiquitin‐conjugating enzymes, ubiquitinate substrate proteins, and thereby promote protein degradation through the proteasome pathway. The aim of this study was to determine the role of MARCH8 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We first analyzed the clinical relevance of MARCH8 based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect MARCH8 expression in human HCC samples. Migration and invasion assays were conducted in vitro. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)‐related markers was evaluated in HCC cells through Western blot analysis. MARCH8 was highly expressed in human HCC tissues, and its high expression was inversely correlated with patients’ survival. Disrupting MARCH8 expression significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression of HCC cells, while also promoting their apoptosis. In contrast, the overexpression of MARCH8 significantly enhanced cell proliferation. Mechanistically, our results showed that MARCH8 interacted with PTEN and suppressed the protein stability of PTEN by enhancing its ubiquitination level via the proteasome. MARCH8 also activated AKT in HCC cells and tumors. In vivo, overexpression of MARCH8 could promote the growth of hepatic tumors through the AKT pathway. MARCH8 may promote the malignant progression of HCC by promoting the ubiquitination of PTEN, thereby relieving the inhibitory effect of PTEN on the malignant phenotype of HCC cells.