bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gradient boosting DD‐MLP Net: An ensemble learning model using near‐infrared spectroscopy to classify after‐stroke dyskinesia degree during exercise
Authors: Liang Jianbin , Bian Minjie , Chen Hucheng , Yan Kecheng , Li Zhihao , Qin Yanmei , Wang Dongyang , Zhu Chunjie , Huang Wenzhu , Yi Li , Sun Jinyan , Mao Yurong , Hao Zhifeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to develop an automatic assessment of after‐stroke dyskinesias degree by combining machine learning and near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Thirty‐five subjects were divided into five stages (healthy, patient: Brunnstrom stages 3, 4, 5, 6). NIRS was used to record the muscular hemodynamic responses from bilateral femoris (biceps brachii) muscles during passive and active upper (lower) limbs circular exercise. We used the D‐S evidence theory to conduct feature information fusion and established a Gradient Boosting DD‐MLP Net model, combining the dendrite network and multilayer perceptron, to realize automatic dyskinesias degree evaluation. Our model classified the upper limb dyskinesias with high accuracy: 98.91% under the passive mode and 98.69% under the active mode, and classified the lower limb dyskinesias with high accuracy: 99.45% and 99.63% under the passive and active modes, respectively. Our model combined with NIRS has great potential in monitoring the after‐stroke dyskinesias degree and guiding rehabilitation training.
Regionalization and morphological integration in the vertebral column of Eurasian small‐bodied newts (Salamandridae: Lissotriton)
Authors: Urošević Aleksandar , Ajduković Maja , Vučić Tijana , Scholtes Stefan J. , Arntzen Jan W. , Ivanović Ana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSerially homologous structures may have complex patterns of regionalization and morphological integration, influenced by developmental Hox gene expression and functional constraints. The vertebral column, consisting of a number of repeated, developmentally constrained, and highly integrated units—vertebrae—is such a complex serially homologous structure. Functional diversification increases regionalization and modularity of the vertebral column, particularly in mammals. For salamanders, three concepts of regionalization of the vertebral column have been proposed, recognizing one, two, or three presacral regions. Using three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics on vertebra models acquired with microcomputerized tomography scanning, we explored the covariation of vertebrae in four closely related taxa of small‐bodied newts in the genus Lissotriton. The data were analyzed by segmented linear regression to explore patterns of vertebral regionalization and by a two‐block partial least squares method to test for morphological integration. All taxa show a morphological shift posterior to the fifth trunk vertebra, which corresponds to the two‐region concept. However, morphological integration is found to be strongest in the mid‐trunk. Taken jointly, these results indicate a highly integrated presacral vertebral column with a subtle two‐region differentiation. The results are discussed in relation to specific functional requirements, developmental and phylogenetic constraints, and specific requirements posed by a biphasic life cycle and different locomotor modes (swimming vs. walking). Further research should be conducted on different ontogenetic stages and closely related but ecologically differentiated species.
Universal graphs for the topological minor relation
Authors: Krill Thilo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA subgraph‐universal graph/a topological minor‐universal graph in a class of graphs is a graph in which contains every graph in as a subgraph/topological minor. We prove that the class of all countable planar graphs does not contain a topological minor‐universal graph. This answers a question of Diestel and Kühn and strengthens a result of Pach stating that there is no subgraph‐universal graph in . Furthermore, we characterise for which subdivided stars there is a topological minor‐universal graph in the class of all countable ‐free graphs.
Pediatric Hepatoblastoma After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Diagnostic Performance of MR in Staging POSTTEXT and Vascular Involvement
Authors: Gong Xu Hua , Feng Ming Xuan , Zhuang Zhi Guo , Yan Yun Qi , Wang Li , Ren Hai Nan , Zhu Yi , Song Yang , Qian Li Jun , Xu Jian Rong , Zhou Yan , Xia Qiang 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe assessment of resectability after neoadjuvant chemotherapy of hepatoblastoma is dependent on Post‐Treatment EXTENT of Disease (POSTTEXT) staging and its annotation factors P (portal venous involvement) and V (hepatic venous/inferior vena cava [IVC] involvement), but MR performance in assessing them remains unclear.PurposeTo assess the diagnostic performance of contrast‐enhanced MR imaging for preoperative POSTTEXT staging and diagnosing vascular involvement in terms of annotation factors P and V in pediatric hepatoblastoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsThirty‐five consecutive patients (17 males, median age, 24 months; age range, 6–98 months) with proven hepatoblastoma underwent preoperative MR imaging following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T; T2‐weighted imaging (T2WI), T2WI with fat suppression, diffusion weighted imaging, radial stack‐of‐the‐star/Cartesian 3D Dixon T1‐weighted gradient echo imaging.AssessmentThree radiologists independently assessed the POSTTEXT stages and annotation factors P and V based on the 2017 PRE/POSTTEXT system. The sensitivities and specificities were calculated for 1) diagnosing each POSTTEXT stage; 2) discrimination of stages III and IV (advanced) from those stages I and II (non‐advanced) hepatoblastomas; and 3) annotation factors P and V. The combination of pathologic findings and surgical records served as the reference standard.Statistical TestsSensitivity, specificity, Fleiss kappa test.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity ranges for discriminating advanced from non‐advanced hepatoblastomas were 73.3%–80.0% and 80.0%–90.0%, respectively. For annotation factor P, they were 66.7%–100.0% and 90.6%, respectively. For factor V, they were 75.0% and 67.7%–83.9%, respectively. There was excellent, substantial, and moderate agreement on POSTTEXT staging (Fleiss kappa = 0.82), factors P (Fleiss kappa = 0.64), and factors V (Fleiss kappa = 0.60), respectively.Data ConclusionMR POSTTEXT provides reliable discrimination between advanced and non‐advanced tumors, and MR has moderate to excellent specificity at identifying portal venous and hepatic venous/IVC involvement.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 3
Optimization of liquid fertilizer management improves grain yield, biomass accumulation, and nutrient uptake of late‐season indica fragrant rice
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Ren Yong , Ashraf Umair , Gui Runfei , Deng Huizi , Dai Lan , Tang Xiangru , Wang Zaiman , Mo Zhaowen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of liquid fertilizer is an effective measure to increase rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. There has been a lack of information regarding the effects on the grain yield, biomass accumulation, and nutrient uptake in late‐season indica fragrant rice of split fertilizer application and of nitrogen management in liquid fertilizer application.ResultsA 2‐year field experiment was carried out during 2019 and 2020 with two fragrant rice cultivars grown under differing fertilizer management treatments. Results showed that the fertilization treatments affected the grain yield, yield components, biomass accumulation, and nutrient accumulation significantly. The mean nitrogen recovery efficiency with liquid fertilizer management was greater than in a control treatment corresponding to a practice commonly used by farmers (H2). The effects of nitrogen metabolism enzymes in the leaves of both rice cultivars were stronger with liquid fertilizer treatments than with H2. Grain yield was positively associated with the effective panicle number, spikelets per panicle, dry matter accumulation, N and K accumulation, and the nitrogen metabolism enzymes.ConclusionsOptimized liquid fertilizer management increases biomass accumulation, nitrogen utilization efficiency, and nitrogen metabolism. It stabilizes yields and increases the economic benefits of late‐season indica fragrant rice. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparison of Botulinum Toxin Injections and Type 2 Thyroplasty for Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia
Authors: Sanuki Tetsuji , Takemoto Naoki 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesInjection of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) into intrinsic laryngeal muscles is the current gold standard therapy for adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD). However, a surgical procedure could potentially offer more stable and long‐lasting voice quality to AdSD patients. Here, we report the long‐term results of type 2 thyroplasty (TP2) with TITANBRIDGE® (Nobelpharma, Tokyo, Japan) compared with those of BTX injections.MethodsIn total, 73 AdSD patients visited our hospital between August 2018 and February 2022. Patients were provided the option of BTX injections or TP2. They were assessed via the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)‐10 before treatments and at scheduled clinical follow‐ups at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks for BTX and at 4, 12, 26, and 52 weeks for TP2.ResultsOverall, 52 patients selected the BTX injection and had a pre‐injection mean VHI‐10 score of 27.3 ± 8.8. Following injections, the scores significantly improved to 21.0 ± 11.1, 18.6 ± 11.5, and 19.4 ± 11.7 at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively. There were no significant differences between the pre‐injection scores and the 12‐week scores (21.5 ± 10.7). Alternately, 32 patients opted to be treated with TP2 and had a pre‐treatment mean VHI‐10 score of 27.7. All patients reported an improvement in their symptoms. Additionally, the mean VHI‐10 score significantly improved to 9.9 ± 7.4 at 52 weeks following treatment. There was a significant difference between the two treatment groups at 12 weeks. Some patients received both treatments.ConclusionThese preliminary results provide important insights into the value of TP2 as a potential permanent treatment for AdSD patients.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:3443–3448, 2023
Carbon and nitrogen sequestration during primary succession in granodiorite quarries
Authors: Chuman Tomáš , Plasová Marie , Derková Nikola , Trubač Jakub 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies assessing the potential of mining areas for carbon sequestration focused mainly on areas after the extraction of energy raw materials, especially coal or oil shale, but little attention was paid to stone quarries and quarries of other non‐energy raw materials. We investigated carbon and nitrogen pools (stocks) along a chronosequence in the organic horizon and to a depth of 20 cm of the mineral soil in granodiorite quarries. We compared these pools and sequestration rates with other mining sites. The advantage of this study is that several differently aged quarries in a small area have the same rock chemistry and climate. Thus, the rate of pedogenesis is purely a function of time and vegetation. It is not affected by fossil organic matter or organic matter and nutrients in the topsoil used for reclamation. The vegetation succession tends towards tree cover dominated by Pine (Pinus sylvestris), Birch (Betula pendula), Willow (Salix caprea), Aspen (Populus tremula) and Alder (Alnus glutinosa). Analysis of soils from granodiorite quarries showed a natural accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in the soil to a depth of 20 cm during about 60 years of natural succession. The total soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools to a 20 cm depth average of 2482.4 g C m−2and 179.1 g N m−2, respectively, in the oldest plots >50 years old. These values are for carbon 2.6 and nitrogen 2.4 times lower compared to pools in the same depth on control plots. Carbon and nitrogen stocks and sequestration rates are lower than in compared coal mining sites and spoils. The sequestration rates of the total sampled soil profile decreased with time from 57 g C m−2 year−1and 4 g N m−2 year−1for sites younger than 25 years to 46 g C m−2 year−1and 3 g N m−2 year−1for sites older than 50 years.
Temporal effects of climate and soil fertility‐mediated maize yield and its sustainability: A case study in subtropical China
Authors: Cai Andong , Zhai Deli , Liu Kailou , Hassan Waseem , Li Yazhen , Han Tianfu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe sustainability of food production systems requires accurate assessments of the combined impacts of climate change and soil fertility on crop yield. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding the interactions of climate and soil fertility for the determination of crop yield and sustainability. For this study, we investigated how climate and soil fertility affected maize yield and its sustainability over a 30‐year experiment on red soil. Seven fertilization treatments were selected (CK (no fertilizer), N (chemical nitrogen), NP (chemical nitrogen and phosphorus), NK (chemical nitrogen and potassium), NPK, M (pig manure), and NPKM (NPK and M)). The link between grain yield and the sustainability yield index (SYI) increased exponentially (p < 0.001). Manure (M and NPKM) improved the concentrations of soil nutrients considerably compared to chemical fertilizer treatments (N, NP, NK, and NPK). The explanatory rates of selected climatic and soil parameters for grain yield and its SYI varied from 56.6% to 66.9%. Soil available nutrients (AP and AK) and total nutrients (TN and TP) regulated grain yield and the SYI at low and high soil fertility, respectively. Redundancy analysis showed a negative correlation between temperature throughout the maize growing season, grain yield, and the SYI, excluding the NPKM treatment. Correlations between temperature, grain yield, and the SYI were reduced as soil fertility increased. Climate (44.0%) and nutrient inputs (40.2%) under chemical and manure fertilization contributed the most to the observed yield. Path analysis explained 68% and 77% of the variations in grain yield under chemical fertilizers and manure treatments, respectively. Additionally, the results suggested that as air temperatures are predicted to rise early maize should be planted earlier and late maize should be planted later to optimize grain yield. Together, this study emphasized that improving soil quality and adjusting planting schedules in agricultural management practices can attenuate the negative impact of climate warming on grain yield sustainable production in the global subtropical regions.
Economic Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Fishing Industries: Perspectives, Methods, and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Chaji Marina , Werner Samantha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Offshore wind farms (OWFs) are rapidly developing as an alternative energy source globally and in the Greater Atlantic region of the United States. Despite the pace of development, there are still many uncertainties surrounding best practices in assessing the economic impacts of offshore wind on regional fishing industries. This work aims to provide an overview and assessment of industry perceptions, methods, results, and knowledge gaps pertaining to economic areas of concern related to interactions between OWFs and fishing industries in the region. We provide a compilation of studies focusing on industry perceptions and impacts of OWFs on the fishing industry, focusing on four key economic areas of interest: fuel expenditures; insurance costs; fishing industry revenues, income, and livelihoods; and fishing support businesses. Our findings suggest four overarching knowledge gap themes that persist across all economic areas of focus: (1) a lack of economic data or economically centered data collection efforts, (2) minimal works aiming to quantify the economic impacts of key areas of concern, (3) a lack of peer-reviewed models and methods in quantifying economic impacts, and (4) limited syntheses containing best practices or lessons learned associated with quantifying the comprehensive economic impacts posed by OWFs on fisheries. This article aims to build awareness in areas where interdisciplinary collaboration can take place as well as serve as a foundation for informing best practice guidance as it pertains to assessing economic impacts imposed by OWFs on the fishing industry.
Design and characteristic analysis of uniplanar multiband frequency selective surface for GSM, LTE, WLAN, ISM, WiMAX and X‐band applications
Authors: Kundu Surajit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe uniplanar compact, affordable, and unique slot‐based multiband frequency selective surface (FSS) of periodic cell size 0.14λc × 0.14λc (λc is wavelength at the initial stopband resonance) is presented in this article. The quadband FSS is analyzed using full‐wave simulation, circuit simulation (ECM), and experimental measurement where good agreement is attained. The FSS offers polarization independence with steady responses for all angular variations in the TE plane and up to 45° in the TM plane. The FSS offers dual stopbands at 2.75–4.15 and 9.45–12.48 GHz and dual passbands at 0.001–0.8 and 4.74–5.6 GHz that includes spectrum coverage of GSM, LTE, WLAN, ISM, WiMAX, and most part of X‐band communication.
SynthRAD2023 Grand Challenge dataset: Generating synthetic CT for radiotherapy
Authors: Thummerer Adrian , van der Bijl Erik , Galapon Arthur , Verhoeff Joost J. C. , Langendijk Johannes A. , Both Stefan , van den Berg Cornelis (Nico) A. T. , Maspero Matteo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeMedical imaging has become increasingly important in diagnosing and treating oncological patients, particularly in radiotherapy. Recent advances in synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation have increased interest in public challenges to provide data and evaluation metrics for comparing different approaches openly. This paper describes a dataset of brain and pelvis computed tomography (CT) images with rigidly registered cone‐beam CT (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images to facilitate the development and evaluation of sCT generation for radiotherapy planning.Acquisition and Validation MethodsThe dataset consists of CT, CBCT, and MRI of 540 brains and 540 pelvic radiotherapy patients from three Dutch university medical centers. Subjects' ages ranged from 3 to 93 years, with a mean age of 60. Various scanner models and acquisition settings were used across patients from the three data‐providing centers. Details are available in a comma separated value files provided with the datasets.Data Format and Usage NotesThe data is available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260704, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7868168) under the SynthRAD2023 collection. The images for each subject are available in nifti format.Potential ApplicationsThis dataset will enable the evaluation and development of image synthesis algorithms for radiotherapy purposes on a realistic multi‐center dataset with varying acquisition protocols. Synthetic CT generation has numerous applications in radiation therapy, including diagnosis, treatment planning, treatment monitoring, and surgical planning.
Constrained sensitivity filtering technique for topology optimization with lower computational expense
Authors: Kim Sun‐Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConstrained Sensitivity Filtering Method (CSFM) has been proposed to save computational expenses in topology optimization. The sensitivity filtering technique is widely adopted to avoid numerical instabilities. Because the filtered sensitivity values are recalculated from the normalized density values and the sensitivity values from within a fixed range of neighborhoods, the values are sometimes completely different from the original ones. Thus, the idea of the CSFM is to control the change of filtered sensitivity values based on the previous iterations. By controlling the changes of filtered sensitivity values within certain limitation, optimal layouts can be obtained with lower compliance and the computational expenses can also be reduced in comparison to that by conventional topology optimization. The computational expense with CSFM topology optimization could be reduced by up to 85%. The numerical examples established that CSFM topology optimization has improved the numerical efficiency and effectiveness.
Optimal consensus control for double‐integrator multiagent systems with unknown dynamics using adaptive dynamic programming
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yang Yang , Song Xue , Xie Xiaoran , Zhu Naibo , Liu Zhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to utilize adaptive dynamic programming to solve an optimal consensus problem for double‐integrator multiagent systems with completely unknown dynamics. In double‐integrator multiagent systems, flocking algorithms that neglect agents' inertial effect can cause unstable group behavior. Despite the fact that an inertias‐independent protocol exists, the design of its control law is decided by dynamics and inertia. However, inertia in reality is difficult to measure accurately, therefore, the control gain in the consensus protocol was solved by developing adaptive dynamic programming to enable the double‐integrator systems to ensure the consensus of the agents in the presence of entirely unknown dynamics. Firstly, we demonstrate in a typical example how flocking algorithms that ignore the inertial effect of agents can lead to unstable group behavior. And even though the protocol is independent of inertia, the control gain depends quite strongly on the inertia and dynamic of the agent. Then, to address these shortcomings, an online policy iteration‐based adaptive dynamic programming is designed to tackle the challenge of double‐integrator multiagent systems without dynamics. Finally, simulation results are shown to prove how effective the proposed approach is.
Effect of carbon fiber reinforcement on the mechanical and electromagnetic shielding properties of the Fe3O4‐carbonaceous/epoxy composites
Authors: Anu K. S. , Vishnumurthy K. A. , Mahesh A. , Natarajan K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present work aimed at the simultaneous improvement in the mechanical and electromagnetic shielding properties of Fe3O4‐carbonaceous/epoxy composites by the reinforcement of two plies of carbon fiber into the epoxy‐filler matrix. In this study, Fe3O4‐activated carbon and Fe3O4‐activated charcoal composites were synthesized by co‐precipitation method and were introduced into the epoxy matrix with different weight percentage (5, 10, and 15 wt%). The BET surface area analysis revealed the high porosity in the Fe3O4‐activated charcoal composite than that of activated carbon composite. The Fe3O4‐activated carbon/epoxy composite showed better mechanical properties than the later. Both the composites showed nearly same EMI SE value. 10 wt% of the filler‐1/epoxy composite showed the highest shielding effectiveness (SE) value of −22.5 dB at 10 GHz whereas 15 wt% Fe3O4@charcoal/epoxy composite showed better SE value of −27.15 dB at 8.8 GHz. The obtained results were supported by the dielectric and magnetic loss tangent studies. The incorporation of carbon fiber enhanced the mechanical property by three times and the EMI SE value by ~15 dB. Thus, the carbon fiber reinforced Fe3O4/carbonaceous epoxy composites may be the potential electromagnetic shielding material for electronics and aircraft industries.