bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial–temporal variation and temperature effect of urbanization in Guangdong Province from 1951 to 2018
Authors: Zhong Runfei , Song Song , Zhang Jianxin , Ye Ziqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on Guangdong province, which is a frontier area of Reform and Opening up, and analyze the variation of urban and rural temperature to detect the urbanization warming effect from 1951 to 2018, based on the daily temperature data of 85 weather stations. We classified the metrological stations into urban and rural stations according to the urbanization population size, population density and urban built-up area data. The combined methodology of mathematical statistics, trend analysis, urban/rural station comparison and spatial analysis was adopted to reveal the urbanization warming and its spatial–temporal heterogeneity. The results show that the warming process in Guangdong Province is very complex and has high temporal and spatial heterogeneity. From 1951 to 2018, the average temperature in the coldest month in Guangdong Province increased with the fastest (0.27 °C/10a) rate, and the annual average temperature increased slightly faster than the average temperature in the warmest month (0.15 °C/10a vs. 0.12 °C/10a). The comparative study on the temperature of urban and rural stations shows that the temperature increase rate of urban stations is faster than that of rural stations (0.30 °C/10a vs. 0.23 °C/10a), especially the average temperature in the coldest month, which is most significantly driven by urbanization, and the contribution rate of urbanization is about 24.09% in general. Affected by the background climate and the stages of urbanization, the warming effect of urbanization fluctuates obviously in different periods. Stronger urbanization effect can be witnessed during 1980–2000, when the urbanization developed into mid-level with highest rate. The spatial differentiation of urbanization warming effect is prominent. The temperature of urban stations in Eastern Guangdong increases most rapidly. The urbanization contribution rates to the coldest month average, annual average and the warmest month average temperature reach 33.86%, 25.70% and 17.64%, respectively, which are around 1.69, 1.50 and 1.19 times that of the Pearl River Delta. The average temperature of the warmest month in Western Guangdong shows a weak cooling effect. Multi-faceted, multi-level regulation of sustainable urbanization is the key to mitigating the warming caused by urbanization.
Enhancing vehicle re-identification via synthetic training datasets and re-ranking based on video-clips information
Authors: Moral Paula , García-Martín Álvaro , Martínez José M. , Bescós Jesús 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVehicle re-identification (ReID) aims to find a specific vehicle identity across multiple non-overlapping cameras. The main challenge of this task is the large intra-class and small inter-class variability of vehicles appearance, sometimes related with large viewpoint variations, illumination changes or different camera resolutions. To tackle these problems, we proposed a vehicle ReID system based on ensembling deep learning features and adding different post-processing techniques. In this paper, we improve that proposal by: incorporating large-scale synthetic datasets in the training step; performing an exhaustive ablation study showing and analyzing the influence of synthetic content in ReID datasets, in particular CityFlow-ReID and VeRi-776; and extending post-processing by including different approaches to the use of gallery video-clips of the target vehicles in the re-ranking step. Additionally, we present an evaluation framework in order to evaluate CityFlow-ReID: as this dataset has not public ground truth annotations, AI City Challenge provided an on-line evaluation service which is no more available; our evaluation framework allows researchers to keep on evaluating the performance of their systems in the CityFlow-ReID dataset.
STEM and Non-STEM Misconceptions About Evolution: Findings from 5 Years of Data
Authors: Archila Pablo Antonio , Restrepo Silvia , Truscott de Mejía Anne‑Marie , Molina Jorge 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEven though it is widely held that the theory of evolution is one of the pillars of the biological sciences, as we begin the third decade of the twenty-first century, it is alarming how little we know about science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors and non-STEM majors’ misconceptions about evolution in countries such as Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Greece, to name a few. The situation is even more complicated if we acknowledge that contemporary educational approaches (e.g., student-centered learning) mean that students’ misconceptions are one of the multiple aspects that influence the construction of meaningful learning. Here, we present a picture of Colombian STEM/non-STEM majors’ misconceptions about evolution. Participants were 547 students from different STEM/non-STEM majors (278 females and 269 males, 16–24 years old). During 5 years (10 academic semesters), data were collected from students’ responses to an 11-item questionnaire administered in a Colombian university. We hypothesized that the academic semester within these 5 years in which each student completed the instrument as well as respondents’ age, gender, and/or major may influence their misconceptions about evolution. Results reveal that participants had a moderate understanding of evolution. Also, we found a limited understanding of microevolution among participants. Furthermore, cross-sectional analyses of differences in undergraduates’ responses across demographic variables showed that despite apparent differences, these were not reliable since the differences were not statistically significant. Implications for evolution education are discussed.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent small molecule sensitized fluorescent polymers with reduced concentration-quenching for efficient electroluminescence
Authors: Xue Qin , Huo Mingfang , Xie Guohua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) small molecule bis-[3-(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)-phenyl]-sulfone (m-ACSO2) was used as a universal host to sensitize three conventional fluorescent polymers for maximizing the electroluminescent performance. The excitons were utilized via inter-molecular energy transfer and the non-radiative decays were successfully refrained in the condensed states. Therefore, the significant enhancement of the electroluminescent efficiencies was demonstrated. For instance, after doping poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) into m-ACSO2, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) was improved by a factor of 17.0 in the solution-processed organic light-emitting device (OLED), as compared with the device with neat F8BT. In terms of the other well-known fluorescent polymers, i.e., poly (para-phenylene vinylene) copolymer (Super Yellow, SY) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV), their EQEs in the devices were respectively enhanced by 70% and 270%, compared with the reference devices based on the conventional host 1,3-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl) benzene (mCP). Besides the improved charge balance in the bipolar TADF host, these were partially ascribed to reduced fluorescence quenching in the mixed films.
Graphical abstract
Piezoelectric fibers for flexible and wearable electronics
Authors: Qian Shengtai , Wang Xingbei , Yan Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFlexible and wearable electronics represent paramount technologies offering revolutionized solutions for medical diagnosis and therapy, nerve and organ interfaces, fabric computation, robot-in-medicine and metaverse. Being ubiquitous in everyday life, piezoelectric materials and devices play a vital role in flexible and wearable electronics with their intriguing functionalities, including energy harvesting, sensing and actuation, personal health care and communications. As a new emerging flexible and wearable technology, fiber-shaped piezoelectric devices offer unique advantages over conventional thin-film counterparts. In this review, we survey the recent scientific and technological breakthroughs in thermally drawn piezoelectric fibers and fiber-enabled intelligent fabrics. We highlight the fiber materials, fiber architecture, fabrication, device integration as well as functions that deliver higher forms of unique applications across smart sensing, health care, space security, actuation and energy domains. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities that will be important for the continued progress of this field.
Graphical Abstract
Determination of Parameters Affecting the Estimation of Iceberg Draft
Authors: Azimi Hamed , Mahdianpari Masoud , Shiri Hodjat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent offshore oil and gas loading facilities developed in the Arctic area have led to a considerable awareness of the iceberg draft approximation, where deep keel icebergs may gouge the ocean floor, and these submarine infrastructures would be damaged in the shallower waters. Developing reliable solutions to estimate the iceberg draft requires a profound understanding of the problem’s dominant parameters. As such, the dimensionless groups of the parameters affecting the iceberg draft estimation were determined for the first time in the present study. Using the dimensionless groups recognized and the linear regression (LR) analysis, nine LR models (i.e., LR 1 to LR 9) were developed and then validated using a comprehensive dataset, which has been constructed in this study. A sensitivity analysis distinguished the premium LR models and important dimensionless groups. The best LR model, as a function of all dimensionless parameters, was able to estimate the iceberg draft with the highest level of precision and correlation along with the lowest degree of complexity. The ratio of iceberg length to iceberg height as the “iceberg length ratio” and the ratio of iceberg width to iceberg height as the “iceberg width ratio” was detected as the important dimensionless groups in the estimation of the iceberg draft. An uncertainty analysis demonstrated that the best LR model was biased towards underestimating the iceberg drafts. The premium LR model outperformed the previous empirical models. Ultimately, a set of LR-based relationships were derived for estimating the iceberg drafts for practical engineering applications, e.g., the early stages of the iceberg management projects.
Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Three-Bucket Jacket Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbines During the Lowering Process
Authors: Zhang Pu-yang , Qi Xin , Wei Yu-mo , Zhang Sheng-wei , Le Cong-huan , Ding Hong-yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe three-bucket jacket foundation is a new type of foundation for offshore wind turbine that has the advantages of fast construction speed and suitability for deep water. The study of the hoisting and launching process is of great significance to ensure construction safety in actual projects. In this paper, a new launching technology is proposed that is based on the foundation of the three-bucket jacket for offshore wind turbine. A complete time domain simulation of the launching process of three-bucket jacket foundation is carried out by a theoretical analysis combined with hydrodynamic software Moses. At the same time, the effects of different initial air storage and sea conditions on the motion response of the structure and the hoisting cable tension are studied. The results show that the motion response of the structure is the highest when it is lowered to 1.5 times the bucket height. The natural period of each degree of freedom of the structure increases with the increase of the lowering depth. The structural motion response and the hoisting cable tension vary greatly in the early phases of Stages I and III, smaller in Stage II, and gradually stabilize in the middle and late phases of Stage III.
A Cross-Country Policy-Maker Perspective on Corporate Restructuring Laws Under Stress
Authors: Menezes Antonia , Lawless Harry 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic saw a period of rapid experimentation with insolvency law settings, designed to prevent a wave of insolvencies. Although governments acted quickly to keep debtors out of insolvency processes, they did not alter high levels of underlying indebtedness. In this worsening economic climate characterized by low growth, high inflation, fiscal tightening and high indebtedness, it appears, in certain countries, that these measures may have deferred, rather than prevented, high insolvency levels. A key economic legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic is the extensive fiscal stimulus and the resulting budgetary constraints this has placed on governments. In this context, there is increasing evidence of the importance of frameworks for out-of-court debt workouts as a complement to formal corporate restructuring frameworks.
Governmental Measures in Switzerland Against Mass Bankruptcies During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rodriguez Rodrigo , Ulli Jasmin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article examines the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on debt enforcement and insolvency law in Switzerland. Despite the absence of strict lockdown measures, many sectors of the Swiss economy suffered significant losses. The government responded by introducing generous public support schemes to keep businesses afloat. The article focuses on the modifications made to Swiss law during the pandemic to avoid mass bankruptcies and facilitate restructurings. The government first introduced a general stay of proceedings, preventing debt collection but not affecting the underlying obligation to pay, and later the Covid-19 Ordinance on Insolvency Law, which provided relief to companies, especially SMEs, to implement the necessary restructuring measures. Some unsuccessful initiatives, such as a special moratorium introduced for SMEs, are also discussed. Finally, the article considers the limited take-up of some of the insolvency measures and discusses the possible consequences of the obligation to repay Covid-19 loans in the future. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of the pandemic on debt enforcement and insolvency law in Switzerland and the measures taken to mitigate its effects.
Numerical investigation of vertical borehole heat exchanger heat transfer under coupled conditions of groundwater seepage and layered subsurface
Authors: Zhao Peng , Li Xiaozhao , Zhang Donghai , Lin Yungzhi , Zhang Ye , Ji Yukun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVertical borehole heat exchangers (VBHEs) have been considered to be one of the best sustainable geotechnical technologies for building heating or cooling. In most of the current numerical models for the analysis of VBHE heat transfer, the assumption of subsurface homogeneity is considered. However, the actual subsurface presents a layered structure, and some aquifer groups have groundwater seepage. An improved numerical model is proposed that takes into account not only the coupled condition of groundwater seepage and the layered subsurface but also the heat transfer of VBHEs at different locations, including inside the borehole, borehole wall and outside the borehole. The heat transfer characteristic at these different locations under groundwater seepage and layered subsurface coupled condition is investigated. Moreover, the model is applied to investigate the thermal behaviors of VBHE arrays in two typical arrangements (matrix and staggered arrangement). Furthermore, the influence of groundwater seepage in different layers on the heat transfer ability of the VBHE is discussed. The results demonstrate that the seepage can effectively improve the average heat transfer performance of VBHEs array, and the relative improvement rate is about 62.0%, Compared with the matrix arrangement, the average heat flow of staggered arrangement is about 0.09 kW higher, and the relative increase rate is about 3.3%.
Dynamic tests as a language-free method for assessing reading in a multilingual setting
Authors: Pye Rachel E. , Chan Huey Hwa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is difficult to assess reading ability or diagnose dyslexia in Malaysia due to its complex linguistic background of simultaneous multilingualism and multiliteracy. Low scores on traditional reading tests could be explained by language and contextual factors rather than indicating reading difficulty. One method shown to be less sensitive to specific language factors is the Dynamic Testing paradigm (Elbro et al., 2012). Fifty-nine Malaysian adult readers of English and Bahasa Melayu and/or Chinese were recruited and their performances on the dynamic test assessed. Scores on the Dynamic Test significantly predicted potential reading difficulty as measured by the Adult Reading History Questionnaire (Lefly & Pennington, 2000) but not reading proficiency measured by a Lexical Decision Task (LDT). Participants were then grouped by language of first literacy: alphabetic (English and Bahasa Melayu) or morphosyllabic (Chinese). No significant differences were found between those reading morphosyllabic versus alphabetic orthographies for the Dynamic Test. The Dynamic Test was a significant predictor of potential reading difficulty in the alphabetic group only. Thus, it was concluded that the dynamic format could be a suitable assessment tool for multilinguals, but that further research is required to determine its utility, especially in non-alphabetic languages.
Impact of COVID-19 on Neuro-Ophthalmology in the United States: A National Survey
Authors: Waisberg Ethan , Ong Joshua , Zaman Nasif , Kamran Sharif Amit , Tavakkoli Alireza , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT:Purpose:To evaluate the impacts of the COVID-19 on neuro-ophthalmology practice in the United States.Design:Cross-sectional study.Methods:The North American Neuro-ophthalmology Society distributed a survey on the impact of COVID-19 on neuro-ophthalmic practice to its members. The survey consisted of 15 questions regarding the impact of the pandemic on neuro-ophthalmic practice and perspectives.Results:Twenty-eight neuro-ophthalmologists practicing in the United States responded to our survey. In this survey, 64% of survey respondents were male (n = 18), while 36% were female (n = 10). The average age of a respondent was 55 years old. According to 77% of survey respondents, various neuro-ophthalmic diseases were reported to have worsened during the pandemic including idiopathic intracranial hypertension, compressive optic neuropathy, optic neuritis, and giant cell arteritis.Conclusions:This survey represents one of the largest studies to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic of neuro-ophthalmology. Given the underrepresentation of neuro-ophthalmology in the United States as described in the literature, this study strengthens the need for more neuro-ophthalmologists to provide timely care, particularly during the pandemic. Further interventions to incentivize the pursuit of neuro-ophthalmology training may help combat the effects of COVID-19 on neuro-ophthalmic conditions.
The Charitability Gap: Misuses of Interpretive Charity in Academic Philosophy
Authors: Lockard Claire A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, I explore some harms that emerge from the call for charity in academic philosophy. A charitability gap, I suggest, exists both between who we tend to read charitably and who we tend to expect charitability from. This gap shores up the disciplinary status quo and (re)produces epistemic oppression, which helps preserve philosophy's status as a discipline that is, to use Charles Mills's language, conceptually and demographically dominated by whiteness and maleness (Mills 1998, 2). I am particularly interested in calls for charity made in response to critiques of racist or sexist authors/texts. I suggest that in these cases, interpretive charity perpetuates epistemic violence by creating conditions for testimonial smothering (Dotson 2011); that it functions as an orientation device (Ahmed 2006) designed to bring “unruly” philosophers back in line with disciplinary practices and traditions; and that it requires resistant philosophers to remain in oppressive worlds (Lugones 2003a; Pohlhaus 2011). Although charitability is risky—and charity is disproportionately demanded from already marginalized philosophers—I am hesitant to abandon charity entirely. The outright rejection of charitable orientations toward texts or others commits philosophers to a purity politics that, following Alexis Shotwell, I suggest we resist (Shotwell 2016).
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii load in patients and their environment: the importance of detecting carriers
Authors: Schechner Vered , Lerner Anat Or , Temkin Elizabeth , Carmeli Yehuda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe environment surrounding 30 of 31 carriers of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) was contaminated by CRAB. The environmental CRAB loads were similar whether carriers were identified only by surveillance cultures (nonclinical carriers) or also had positive clinical cultures. Screening to detect and isolate nonclinical CRAB carriers may be important to prevent CRAB transmission.
The final step effect
Authors: Zeng Jianmin , Yuan Yujie , Gao Ziyun , He Ying , Wang Tao , Xu Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Suppose you need to complete a task of 5 steps, each of which has equal difficulty and pass rate. You somehow have a privilege that can ensure you pass one of the steps, but you need to decide which step to be privileged before you start the task. Which step do you want to privilege? Mathematically speaking, the effect of each step on the final outcome is identical, and so there seems to be no prima facie reason for a preference. Five studies were conducted to explore this issue. In Study 1, participants could place the privilege on any of steps 1–5. Participants were most inclined to privilege step 5. In Study 2, participants needed to pay some money to purchase the privilege for steps 1–5, respectively. Participants would pay most money for step 5. Study 3 directly reminded participants that the probability of success of the whole task is mathematically the same, no matter on which step the privilege is placed, but most of the participants still prefer to privilege the final step. Study 4 supposed that the outcomes of all steps were not announced until all steps were finished, and asked how painful participants would feel if they passed all steps but one. People thought they would feel most painful when they failed at the final step. In Study 5, an implicit association test showed that people associated the first step with easy and the final step with hard. These results demonstrated the phenomenon of the final step effect and suggested that both anticipated painfulness and stereotype may play a role in this phenomenon.
The Map/Territory Relationship in Game-Theoretic Modeling of Cultural Evolution
Authors: Feiten Tim Elmo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cultural red king effect occurs when discriminatory bargaining practices emerge because of a disparity in learning speed between members of a minority and a majority. This effect has been shown to occur in some Nash Demand Game models and has been proposed as a tool for shedding light on the origins of sexist and racist discrimination in academic collaborations. This article argues that none of the three main strategies used in the literature to support the epistemic value of these models—structural similarity, empirical confirmation, and how-possibly explanations—provide strong support for this modeling practice in its present form.