bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic detection of CO2 rebreathing during BiPAP ventilation
Authors: Szkulmowski Zbigniew , Robert Dominique , Karłowska-Pik Joanna , Argaud Laurent 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
CO2 rebreathing significantly influences respiratory drive and the work of breathing during BiPAP ventilation. We analyzed CO2 movement during BiPAP ventilation to find a method of real time detection of CO2 rebreathing without the need of CO2 concentration measurement sampled from the circuit (method expensive and not routinely used). Methods: Observational study during routine care in 15 bed university hospital ICU. At 18 patients who required BiPAP ventilation, intubated or by mask ventilation, during weaning period airflow, pressure and CO2 concentration signals were registered on both sides of venting port and 17 respiratory parameters were measured or calculated for each of 4747 respiratory cycles analyzed. Based on CO2 movement (expiration-inspiration sequences) 3 types of cycle were identified, type I and II do not induce rebreathing but type III does. To test differences between the 3 types ANOVA, t-tests, and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) were used. Then a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network, a type of artificial neural network, using the above parameters (excluding CO2 concentration) was applied to automatically identify the three types of respiratory cycles. Results: Of the 4747 respiratory cycles, 1849 were type I, 1545 type II, and 1353 type III. ANOVA and t-tests showed significant differences between the types of respiratory cycles. CDA confirmed a correct apportionment of 93.9% of the cycles; notably, of 97.9% of type III. MLP automatically classified the respiratory cycles into the three types with 98.8% accuracy. Conclusions: Three types of respiratory cycles could be distinguished based on CO2 movement during BiPAP ventilation. Artificial neural networks can be used to automatically detect respiratory cycle type III, the only inducing CO2 rebreathing.
Intellectual ventilation modes in Russian Federation: a short questionnaire survey
Authors: Komnov R. D. , Eremenko Aleksandr A. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: There are a lot of clinical trials about benefits of closed-loop ventilation modes, which are able to automatically adjust certain respiratory settings. These studies describe safety, reliability and advantages of intellectual modes over conventional ventilation modes. OBJECTIVE: To assess awareness of Russian intensive care practitioners about closed loop ventilation modes and availability of these modes in routine practice. The second aim was to explore difficulties and problems that arise for practitioners during work with these modes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A short survey conducted with online and offline questionnaire. The survey consisted of nine questions regarding the application of closed-loop modes, some question has open answers. RESULTS: The response rate of the survey was 33 % (248 of 750). Most of respondents (85 %) have heard about closed-loop modes, and 52 % had access to these technologies in routine practice. But only 23 % of respondents use Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) and analogues as primary mode in their routine practice, 9 % point to Intellivent-ASV®, less than 1 % point to PAV + TM (Proportional Assist Ventilation) and nobody point to NAVA (Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist) and Smart Care®. Over half of respondents (62 %) from clinicians who have access to this technology pointed to the lack of knowledge about closed loop modes; 60 % pointed to insufficient education and 40 % pointed to the lack of equipment. These facts demonstrate the necessity of additional educational programs for implementation of modern technologies in practice, need for organization of post customer service for respirators and provision of consumables in some hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: this questionnaire showed that 85 % of practitioners have heard about closed-loop ventilation modes, and half of them had access to these technologies in routine practice, but just 30 % regularly use one of these technologies.
Treating mechanical washing wastewater with iron-in-oil characteristics by changing the fate of iron
Authors: Qin Jinyi , He Yiwen , Shangguan Botao , Wang Ruiqi , Wang Xing , Qin Chuan , Wang Yu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The mechanical washing wastewater contained a large amount of oil, and the iron wrapped in the oil was slowly released into water. This caused the effluent quality to fluctuate, causing common polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC) to ineffectively remove the water-in-oil. The method uses Ca2+ to demulsify and ClOx− to destroy the water-in-oil structure, which releases Fe from the oil droplets. The active oxygen produced by NaClOx further converts Fe2+ into Fe3+ and then combines with NaOH to form Fe(OH)3-flocs core, which improves the flocculation efficiency of PAC. The optimal ratio was approximately 400 μL of NaClOx, 200 μL of 1 mol L−1 CaO, and 12 mL of 12.8 g L−1 PAC. The oil removal rate reached 99.88% and the residue density was 178.42 mg L−1. The maximum Fe and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates were close to 49.2 and 99.89%, respectively. In field applications, wastewater should be acidified first, and acidification oxidation is more effective than direct oxidation. In short, a novel way for treating mechanically washed wastewater with iron-in-oil characteristics by changing the environmental fate of iron is provided.
Hydraulic modeling of a compact stormwater treatment device applying concepts of dynamic similitude
Authors: Stricker Max , Littfinski Tobias , Pecher Klaus Hans , Lübken Manfred , Wichern Marc 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The development of compact treatment devices (CTDs) with high removal efficiencies and low space requirements is a key objective of urban stormwater treatment. Thus, many devices utilize a combination of sedimentation and upward-flow filtration in a single system. Here, sedimentation is used before filtration, which makes it difficult to evaluate the individual treatment stages separately. This study determines the removal efficiency by sedimentation and the expected filter load in a specific compact treatment device designed for a catchment area of up to 10,000 m2. In contrast to a full-scale investigation, small-scale physical hydraulic modeling is applied as a new cost-saving alternative. To validate upscaling laws, tracer signals and particle-size-specific removal efficiencies are determined for two geometrically similar models at different length scales. Thereby, Reynolds number similarity produces similar flow patterns, while the similarity of Hazen numbers allows to upscale removal efficiencies. Upscaling to the full-scale reveals that the filter in the device is only partly loaded by particulate matter that consists mostly of particles ≤63 μm. Thus, sedimentation upstream of a filter is of relevant importance in CTDs. The proposed dimensionless relationship may be used for particles from different catchments and helps to size the device accordingly.
Инновативность, регуляция жизнедеятельности и ценностные ориентации молодых мужчин и женщин: эффект пандемии COVID-19
Authors: Филенко Игорь А. , Атаманова Инна В. , Богомаз Сергей А. 
Published: February 2023

Введение. Ситуация пандемии явилась вызовом нашим современникам и заострила внимание исследователей на психологических ресурсах, способствующих ее преодолению. Эмпирические исследования системы психологической регуляции жизнедеятельности личности в этот период, отраженные в особенностях инновативных, ценностных и регуляторных характеристик представителей различных социальных групп, достаточно ограничены, что обусловило актуальность и новизну данного исследования. Методы. Использовалась шкала «Самооценка инновативных качеств личности» Н. М. Лебедевой и А. Н. Татарко, позволяющая изучать психологические компоненты, определяющие инновационное поведение человека. Регуляторные характеристики изучались с помощью методики личностной готовности к деятельности С. А. Богомаза, И. В. Атамановой и И. А. Филенко. Ценностные ориентации определялись с помощью опросника Ш. Шварца «Портретный ценностный опросник – Пересмотренный» в модификации К. В. Сугоняева. Для оценки исследуемых показателей в контексте влияния пандемии применялись: критерии различия и сетевой анализ частных корреляций с использованием метода регуляризации EBICglasso. Результаты. Результаты исследования показали значимые изменения в условиях пандемии ряда инновативных, ценностных и регуляторных характеристик, причем большинство из них были связаны с фактором пола. Перестройка сетевой структуры психологических показателей в ходе пандемии идет в противоположных направлениях в группах молодых мужчин и женщин. В женской выборке обнаруживается ослабление умеренных и сильных сетевых взаимосвязей при переходе от 2019 г. к 2020 г., т. е. сетевая структура становится более аморфной. Для мужской выборки наблюдается обратная тенденция – в 2020 г. первоначально аморфная сетевая структура становится многосвязной, структурированной и четко выраженной. Обсуждение результатов. Обсуждаются неспецифические и специфические эффекты влияния пандемии на психологические характеристики, обеспечивающие регуляцию жизнедеятельности, у молодых мужчин и женщин в возрасте от 17 до 28 лет.
A Review of the Novel Antidiabetic Medications: Efficacy, Safety and
Innovation
Authors: Ghazaee Sepideh Parchami , Tumanov Viktor , Voloshyna Natalia , Marchenko-Tolsta Kateryna , Hameed Murtaza 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic health condition affecting hundreds of millions of people. Type 2 diabetes has traditionally been combated with a combination of lifestyle modification, insulin therapy and pharmacological agents, including sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and the development of diabetic kidney disease. Although sulfonylureas are low-cost drugs and widely prescribed, they have been shown in recent cardiovascular outcome trials to present a high risk of hypoglycemia, which in turn increases the risk of negative cardiovascular outcomes. Metformin, a biguanide that is the most commonly-prescribed antidiabetic agent worldwide, is contraindicated in patients with risk factors for lactic acidosis, including heart failure and chronic kidney disease.

Objectives:
The last decade has seen significant advances in the development of novel antidiabetic agents shown to possess both reno- and cardioprotective qualities. This article aims to review the available literature and recent studies demonstrating the efficacy and safety of these agents individually, as well as exploring areas of future development in the field.

Methods:
The reporting of this review is based on the 2020 PRISMA statement. A literature search for all papers related to antidiabetic medication was
conducted using reliable sources such PubMed and Google Scholar Databases, including a recent meta-analysis of renal and cardiovascular
outcome trials.

Conclusion:
A critical analysis of clinical trials on type 2 diabetes and the two most severe comorbidities in cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases may help cardiologists, urologists and diabetes specialists to adapt their therapeutic approaches to individual patients. Data related to antidiabetic effects of agents of natural origin accompanied by their Cardioprotective and renoprotective capacity testify benefits of these compounds as novel therapeutic agents.
Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of Melia azedarach (Meliaceae): A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Hieu Tran Trung , Chung Nguyen Thi , Dung Vo Cong , Duc Dau Xuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Melia azedarach L., a species of the mahogany family (Meliaceae), has long been used as a folk medicine for various diseases. Recent studies on this plant revealed that this plant contains many interesting bioactivities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifeedant, antidiabetic, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. A diverse range of organic compounds has been isolated from this species, such as triterpenoids, limonoids, degraded limonoids, steroids, lignans, flavonoids, and phenolics. This review article will give a comprehensive overview of the chemical constituents and biological activity of Melia azedarach.
Synthesis, Computational and Pharmacological Evaluation of 7-(2-(2- (3-
(Substituted Phenyl) Acryloyl) Phenoxy) Ethoxy)-4-Methyl-2H-Chromen-
2-Ones as CNS Agents
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Kumar Amit 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Motivated by the exciting biological potential for the use of hybrid molecules
in medicine and therapy. It is anticipated that the coumarin-chalcone hybrids for skeletal
muscle and antianxiety action will be investigated using a chemical hybridization technique.

Objective:
Due to its numerous benefits, including high effectiveness, mode of action at receptors,
minimal adverse effects, and improved pharmacokinetic features, naturally occurring and synthesized
hybrid compounds are prospective sources for novel drug development techniques. In opinion
of these applications, we here designed some coumarin-chalcone hybrids and explored them
for skeletal muscle and antianxiety potential.

Methods:
Using a chemical hybridization strategy, coumarin-chalcone hybrids have been synthesized
and evaluated for skeletal muscle and antianxiety activity. The target compounds were synthesized
by reaction of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarion with haloalkane to afford 7-(2-
bromoethoxy)-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one which was further treated with hydroxychalcones. The
structures of target compounds were confirmed on the basis of their Melting Point, Thin Layer
Chromatography, IR, 1HNMR and Mass studies. The computational properties of target compounds
were also determined through online software. Skeletal muscle and antianxiety potential
were performed in Swiss albino mice.

Results:
The coumarin-chalcones hybrids showed skeletal muscle and antianxiety potential in
Swiss albino mice and computational properties of the target compounds were also showed similarity
as compared with diazepam.

Conclusion:
Among the target compounds, the fluoro group containing compound was found to be
more potent as compared to the standard drug diazepam.
Sodium Selenite Modulates Global Activation of Proinflammatory M1-like
Macrophages, Necroinflammation and M1-like/M2-like Dichotomy at the
Onset of Human Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nouar Mouna , Miliani Maroua , Belhassena Imène , Fatmi Ahlam , Aribi Mourad 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
The study aims to show that sodium selenite (Ss) would have an immunomodulatory
effect on the functional activity of proinflammatory macrophages (Mφs) during their extended
extracellular activation at the onset of human type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Background:
Exacerbated activation of proinflammatory “M1” macrophages (Mϕs) can promote
chronic local pancreatic islet inflammation and T1D development.

Objective:
We investigated the ex vivo effects of Ss on the immune modulation of global/extended
activation of human proinflammatory M1-like Mϕs.

Methods:
Experiments were carried out on primary monocytes-derived Mϕs (MDMs).

Results:
The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, H2O2 and intracellular free calcium ions (ifCa2+), and the ratios
of IL-1β-to-IL-10 and TNF-α-to-IL-10 were markedly increased in T1D Mϕs than in healthy control
Mϕs. Conversely, both IL-10 production and arginase 1 (ARG1) activity were downregulated in
T1D Mϕs. Additionally, Ss treatment induced a marked downregulation of respiratory burst, ifCa2+
levels, M1-like Mϕ-associated inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) activity, cell necrosis
and related necroinflammation biomarkers, including IL-1β and TNF-α, CD14 expression, and the
ratios of iNOS-to-ARG1, IL-1β-to-IL-10, and TNF-α-to-IL-10. Moreover, Ss upregulated anti-inflammatory
“M2-like” Mϕ activity as demonstrated by ARG1 activity and IL-10 production, as well
as phagocytosis capacity.

Conclusions:
Ss exerts a potent immunomodulatory role on functional activities of human proinflammatory
T1D M1-like Mϕs subjected to extended activation, as well as on the M1-like/M2-like
dichotomy. Additionally, the current study provides a novel therapeutic approach using Ss to promote
the anti-inflammatory function of Mϕs at the onset of T1D.
Deep Learning Approaches and Biomarkers in Medical Diagnosis
Authors: Malik Pardeep , Singh Sukhdip 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
The size of the medical information system is growing gradually. Due to this, traditional
data analysis for extracting helpful information for any disease has become inefficient in providing
accurate real-time valid information. Traditional data mining and statistical learning techniques,
which lack sufficient domain knowledge on a complicatedly colossal amount of data, need to stop
adopting new advances in deep learning technologies. Thus, the use of sophisticated machines with
in-depth understanding and analysis capability is vital to provide real-time information in detecting
and diagnosing diseases in the healthcare system. In this paper, we study recent deep learning approaches
which are capable of working on high-dimensional and multi-dimensional data. These approaches
have been deployed to identify the root cause of various diseases like Cancer, Lung Diseases,
Heart Diseases, Diabetes, Hepatitis, Alzheimer’s, Dengue, Parkinson’s, etc.

:
In this study, our key contributions are:

1:
A decent overview of the deep learning techniques.

2:
Several modalities in the diagnosis of various diseases.

3:
Set out recent trends in various applications of deep learning in healthcare, some of which
are analysis and diagnosis of medical images, precision medicine, drug discovery, predictive
analysis to support clinical decisions, and sustainable public health.

4:
Several deep learning approaches with their performance are described in detail.

5:
Although deep learning has achieved notable performance in detecting AD, there are several
limitations, especially the availability of the patient’s data for training deep learning models
on a particular disease is comparatively much less than required.
Increasing Peer Support for Opioid Use Disorder Recovery During COVID-19 Through Digital Health: Protocol for a National Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ranney Megan , Marshall Brandon D L , Langdon Kirsten , Wiehe Sarah , Aalsma Matthew , Jacka Brendan , Peachey Alyssa , Beaudoin Francesca 
Published: January 2023

Background
Increasing numbers of opioid overdoses have been observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, likely reflecting the pandemic’s multiple effects on this already vulnerable population. People in recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD) have reported disproportionate psychosocial distress and isolation, as well as significant disruptions in access to treatment, including peer support, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Peer support is a key component of many evidence-based OUD recovery programs; it improves recovery capital, treatment engagement, and perceived social support and reduces psychosocial distress, particularly when used in conjunction with other evidence-based treatments, such as medication for OUD.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate a novel mobile peer support app platform among a national sample of individuals in recovery from OUD as an adjunct to usual care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Individuals residing in the United States who are aged ≥18 years; own a smartphone; and self-report being in recovery for an OUD, being in treatment for an OUD (ie, in the past 30 days received prescribed methadone, naltrexone, or buprenorphine), or currently receiving some form of assisted recovery support (n=1300) will be recruited through online, targeted social media advertisements. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to a mobile peer recovery support intervention utilizing a novel smartphone-based app or to a control. Participants will complete 1 baseline survey and then a follow-up survey 1, 3, and 6 months after randomization. The primary aim of recovery capital will be determined by the change in recovery capital between study groups over the 6-month study period. We will also examine treatment engagement by using administrative data from a subset of individuals (n=650) residing in Rhode Island and Indiana.

Results
As of June 2022, we enrolled 43 participants.

Conclusions
If this mobile app demonstrates efficacy among a large national sample of patients, it has the potential to augment existing treatment programs, improve recovery capital, and reduce the disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 on this vulnerable population.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05405712; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05405712
Adipocyte Thyroid Hormone β Receptor–Mediated Hormone Action Fine-tunes Intracellular Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Systemic Homeostasis
Authors: Ma Yiruo , Shen Siyi , Yan Ying , Zhang Shengjie , Liu Shengnan , Tang Zhili , Yu Jing , Ma Mei , Niu Zhoumin , Li Zhuoyang , Wu Yuting , Zhao Lin , Lu Zhiqiang , Wei Chunchun , Zhang Weiping J. , Xue Ying , Zhai Qiwei , Li Yu , Hu Cheng , Jiang Jingjing , Li Yuying , Ying Hao 
Published: February 2023

Thyroid hormone (TH) has a profound effect on energy metabolism and systemic homeostasis. Adipose tissues are crucial for maintaining whole-body homeostasis; however, whether TH regulates systemic metabolic homeostasis through its action on adipose tissues is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that systemic administration of triiodothyronine (T3), the active form of TH, affects both inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) and whole-body metabolism. Taking advantage of the mouse model lacking adipocyte TH receptor (TR) α or TRβ, we show that TRβ is the major TR isoform that mediates T3 action on the expression of genes involved in multiple metabolic pathways in iWAT, including glucose uptake and use, de novo fatty acid synthesis, and both UCP1-dependent and -independent thermogenesis. Moreover, our results indicate that glucose-responsive lipogenic transcription factor in iWAT is regulated by T3, thereby being critically involved in T3-regulated glucose and lipid metabolism and energy dissipation. Mice with adipocyte TRβ deficiency are susceptible to diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation, suggesting that TRβ in adipocytes may be a potential target for metabolic diseases.

Article Highlights
How thyroid hormone (TH) achieves its diverse biological activities in the regulation of metabolism is not fully understood. Whether TH regulates systemic metabolic homeostasis via its action on white adipose tissue is unclear. Adipocyte TH receptor (TR) β mediates the triiodothyronine effect on multiple metabolic pathways by targeting glucose-responsive lipogenic transcription factor in white adipose tissue; mice lacking adipocyte TRβ are susceptible to high-fat diet–induced metabolic abnormalities. TRβ in white adipocytes controls intracellular and systemic metabolism and may be a potential target for metabolic diseases.