bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the association of coagulation/flocculation, hydrodynamic cavitation, ozonation and activated carbon in landfill leachate treatment system
Authors: de Melo Franco Domingos Janaina , de Alencar Neves Thiago , de Sousa Maia Djalma Lucas , Carvalho Siqueira Rebeca , Araújo Marques Marcus Vinícius , Alves Oswaldo Luiz , Guimarães José Roberto , Antunes Nolasco Marcelo , Rosa André Henrique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMature landfill wastewater is a complex effluent due to its low biodegradability and high organic matter content. Currently, mature leachate is treated on-site or transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Many WWTPs do not have the capacity to receive mature leachate due to its high organic load leading to an increase in the cost of transportation to treatment plants more adapted to this type of wastewater and the possibility of environmental impacts. Many techniques are used in the treatment of mature leachates, such as coagulation/flocculation, biological reactors, membranes, and advanced oxidative processes. However, the isolated application of these techniques does not achieve efficiency to meet environmental standards. In this regard, this work developed a compact system that combines coagulation and flocculation (1st Stage), hydrodynamic cavitation and ozonation (2nd Stage), and activated carbon polishing (3rd Stage) for the treatment of mature landfill leachate. The synergetic combination of physicochemical and advanced oxidative processes showed a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of over 90% in less than three hours of treatment using the bioflocculant PGα21Ca. Also, the almost absolute removal of apparent color and turbidity was achieved. The remaining CODs of the treated mature leachate were lower when compared to typical domestic sewage of large capitals (COD ~ 600 mg L−1), which allows the interconnection of the sanitary landfill to the urban sewage collection network after treatment in this proposed system. The results obtained with the compact system can help in the design of landfill leachate treatment plants, as well as in the treatment of urban and industrial effluents which contains different compounds of emerging concern and persistence in the environment.
Effectiveness of one-shot dual-energy subtraction chest radiography with flat-panel detector in distinguishing between calcified and non-calcified nodules
Authors: Minato Kojiro , Yamazaki Motohiko , Yagi Takuya , Hirata Tetsuhiro , Tominaga Masaki , You Kyoryoku , Ishikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the added value of the soft tissue image obtained by the one-shot dual-energy subtraction (DES) method using a flat-panel detector compared with the standard image alone in distinguishing calcified from non-calcified nodules on chest radiographs. We evaluated 155 nodules (48 calcified and 107 non-calcified) in 139 patients. Five radiologists (readers 1 − 5) with 26, 14, 8, 6 and 3 years of experience, respectively, evaluated whether the nodules were calcified using chest radiography. CT was used as the gold standard of calcification and non-calcification. Accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were compared between analyses with and without soft tissue images. The misdiagnosis ratio (false positive plus false negative ratios) when nodules and bones overlapped was also examined. The accuracy of all radiologists increased after adding soft tissue images (readers 1 − 5: 89.7% vs. 92.3% [P = 0.206], 83.2% vs. 87.7% [P = 0.178], 79.4% vs. 92.3% [P < 0.001], 77.4% vs. 87.1% [P = 0.007], and 63.2% vs. 83.2% [P < 0.001], respectively). AUCs for all the readers improved, except for reader 2 (readers 1 − 5: 0.927 vs. 0.937 [P = 0.495], 0.853 vs. 0.834 [P = 0.624], 0.825 vs. 0.878 [P = 0.151], 0.808 vs. 0.896 [P < 0.001], and 0.694 vs. 0.846 [P < 0.001], respectively). The misdiagnosis ratio for nodules that overlapped with the bone decreased after adding soft tissue images in all readers (11.5% vs. 7.6% [P = 0.096], 17.6% vs. 12.2% [P = 0.144], 21.4% vs. 7.6% [P < 0.001], 22.1% vs. 14.5% [P = 0.050] and 35.9% vs. 16.0% [P < 0.001], respectively), particularly that of readers 3 − 5. In conclusion, the soft tissue images obtained using one-shot DES with a flat-panel detector have added value in distinguishing calcified from non-calcified nodules on chest radiographs, especially for less experienced radiologists.
Parity and incident type 2 diabetes in older Chinese women: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study
Authors: Su Huimin , Jiang Chaoqiang , Zhang Weisen , Zhu Feng , Jin Yali , Cheng Karkeung , Lam Taihing , Xu Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examined the association between parity and incident type 2 diabetes in older Chinese women and estimated the mediation effect of adiposity indicators. A total of 11,473 women without diabetes at baseline from 2003 to 2008 were followed up until 2012. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association between parity and incident type 2 diabetes, and mediation analysis to estimate the mediation effect of adiposity indicators. Compared to women with one parity, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) for incident type 2 diabetes was 0.85 (0.44–1.63), 1.20 (1.11–1.30), 1.28 (1.16–1.41) and 1.27 (1.14–1.42) for women with parity of 0, 2, 3, and ≥ 4, respectively. The proportion of indirect effect (95% CI) mediated by body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage was 26.5% (19.2–52.2%), 54.5% (39.4–108.7%), 25.1% (18.2–49.1%), 35.9% (25.6–74.1%), 50.3% (36.5–98.6%) and 15.1% (− 66.4 to 112.3%), respectively. Compared to women with one parity, women with multiparity (≥ 2) had a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes and up to half of the association was mediated by abdominal obesity.
GastroNet: A robust attention‐based deep learning and cosine similarity feature selection framework for gastrointestinal disease classification from endoscopic images
Authors: Noor Muhammad Nouman , Nazir Muhammad , Ashraf Imran , Almujally Nouf Abdullah , Aslam Muhammad , Fizzah Jilani Syeda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiseases of the Gastrointestinal (GI) tract significantly affect the quality of human life and have a high fatality rate. Accurate diagnosis of GI diseases plays a pivotal role in healthcare systems. However, processing large amounts of medical image data can be challenging for radiologists and other medical professionals, increasing the risk of inaccurate medical assessments. Computer‐aided Diagnosis systems provide help to doctors for rapid and accurate diagnosis, thus resulting in saving lives. Recently, many techniques are found in the literature that uses deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models for accurate disease classification. However, they have limitations in their ability to detect deformation‐invariant features and lack robustness. The diseased region is highlighted, using attention‐based image generation and superimposition with original images. A lightweight deep CNN model is employed to get significant features. These features are further reduced using a Cosine similarity‐based technique. The proposed framework is assessed using the Kvasir dataset. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, vast experiments are conducted. The overall accuracy of 97.68%, 99.02% precision, 96.37% recall, and an F‐measure of 97.68% are achieved using the 810 significant features. This reduction in features resulted in a significant reduction in classification time. The robustness of the framework can be observed not only in terms of considerable improvement in accuracy, but also in terms of precision as well as recall, and F‐measure.
A graphical technique of controller design and selection of lower and upper bounds in controller design using optimization techniques
Authors: Ahamad Nafees , Chhetri Abhay , Saklani Mayank , Bajaj Mohit , Kotb Hossam , Khan Baseem , Sikander Afzal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe regulation and stabilization of a system's output to achieve desired performance and ensure system reliability require the use of different controllers, but selecting appropriate control parameters presents a challenge in ensuring robustness and stability. Proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers are popularly used due to their simplicity and effectiveness in addressing these challenges. In this paper, a simple, effective, and efficient, novel graphical technique is proposed to design PID and its variants (PI/PD) controllers, which addresses the challenges in selecting appropriate control parameters. The method involves creating three equispaced vectors for controller parameters , and obtaining a 3D (2D in PI/PD) Cartesian grid of these vectors. All nodes in the grid provide several possible controllers, and integral time squared error (ITSE) is calculated for each controller from the closed‐loop step response of the system. The obtained ITSE is plotted in a 4D (PID) or 3D (PI/PD) graph, and controller parameters corresponding to the minimum value of ITSE are identified. Furthermore, the proposed graphical technique aids in choosing the lower and upper bounds (LB and UB) if the controller is designed using optimization techniques. The better selection of LB and UB reduces the search space resulting in lesser execution time and fewer iterations. To validate the proposed graphical technique, we designed various controllers for widely‐used brush‐less DC and switch reluctance motors in electric vehicles. Additionally, by choosing the LB and UB with the proposed technique, controllers are also designed using three optimization techniques: particle swarm optimization, black widow optimization algorithm, and honey badger algorithm. The obtained controllers using the graphical technique outperformed the optimization techniques in terms of time and frequency domain specifications, and the proposed selection of lower and upper bounds resulted in improved performance in terms of iterations and execution time.
Prähabilitative Bewegungstherapie bei
Mammakarzinom
Authors: Neudecker Julia , Asselborn Jana , Behrens Joshua , Jauernig Lars , Baumann Freerk T. 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungWährend in den 1970er-Jahren noch körperliche Aktivität
als supportive Therapie in der Onkologie kritisiert und abgelehnt wurde,
gewannen bewegungstherapeutische Interventionen seit den 1990er-Jahren immer
mehr an Bedeutung [3, 9]. Nachdem die Wirksamkeit rehabilitativer
Bewegungsprogramme in der Nachsorge wie auch während der Akuttherapie in
zahlreichen Studien bestätigt wurde, zeigten erste
prähabilitative, bewegungstherapeutische Interventionen positive
Einflüsse auf den postoperativen Genesungsprozess. Dabei werden
Bewegungsprogramme im Zeitraum zwischen der Krebsdiagnose und der operativen
Therapie durchgeführt [15].Dieses Potenzial zeigt sich auch bei der prähabilitativen
Bewegungstherapie eines Mammakarzinoms. Körperliche Aktivität
ist während einer neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie unter moderater bis
intensiver Belastungsintensität machbar und sicher. Zudem können
sowohl Wundheilungsstörungen und Bewegungsmangelsymptome reduziert, die
körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit und die psychische Verfassung
verbessert sowie eine bewegungsspezifische Gesundheitskompetenz erlangt werden.
Die Anzahl der Krankenhaustage verringern sich, und die Kosten für die
Krankenkasse können gesenkt werden [16].Trotz der Relevanz dieses neuen Forschungsfeldes werden prähabilitative
Interventionen bei einem Mammakarzinom hauptsächlich durch einzelne
wissenschaftliche Projekte durchgeführt. Es bedarf weiterer
randomisierter, kontrollierter Studien, um die Wirksamkeit der
prähabilitativen Sport- und Bewegungstherapie zu prüfen und
deren Stellenwert für eine Mammakarzinomerkrankung aufzuzeigen.
The Association of Physical Activity Level with Body Awareness and
Balance in Individuals with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Buke Meryem , Cetisli-Korkmaz Nilufer , Basakci-Calik Bilge , Karasu Ugur 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background This study aimed to examine the association of physical
activity level with body awareness and balance in individuals with ankylosing
spondylitis (AS). In addition, the effects of disease-specific parameters on
static and dynamic balance functions were investigated.
Material and Methods Sixty-four volunteers (36 female, 28 male) were
included. AS disease activity, functional level, and spinal mobility were
evaluated with disease-specific indexes. Physical activity level was assessed
with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, body awareness with the
Body Awareness Questionnaire, static balance with the Single Leg Stance Test,
and dynamic balance with the Timed Up and Go Test and the Four Square Step
Test.
Results There was a relationship between physical activity level and body
awareness (p<0.05), but no correlation was found with the
disease-specific assessments and balance measurements (p>0.05). While
BASFI was found to be significantly associated with both static and dynamic
balance, it was noted that BASMI was just related with FSST (p<0.05),
and BASDAI was not correlated with any balance test (p>0.05).
Conclusion As a result of our study, we observed that physical activity
level was associated with body awareness, but not with balance. Also, it was
recorded that the functional status of individuals with AS is closely related
with static and dynamic balance and dynamic balance is partially influenced by
spinal mobility.
Antibiotics Use and Its Effects on the Establishment of Feeding Tolerance in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Singh Neel K. , Will Lester , Al-Mulaabed Sharef , Ruoss Lauren , li Nan , de La Cruz Diomel , Gurka Matthew , Neu Josef 
Published: June 2023

Objective Antibiotics are one of the most widely used medications in today's neonatal intensive care units. Indiscriminate antibiotic usage persists in preterm newborns who are symptomatic due to factors linked to prematurity rather than being septic. Previous studies in older infants suggest that prior antibiotic administration is associated with possible dysmotility and microbial dysbiosis in the intestinal tract. We hypothesize that early antibiotic administration impacts high-risk preterm infants' tolerance to enteral feeding advancement.
Study Design As part of the Routine Early Antibiotic Use in SymptOmatic Preterm Neonates study, symptomatic preterm newborns without maternal infection risk factors were randomized to receive or not receive antibiotics, with C1 receiving antibiotics and C2 not. Of the 55 newborns that underwent pragmatic randomization, 28 preterm neonates in group C1 received antibiotics.
Results The premature neonates in the randomized groups who received antibiotics and those who did not showed no differences in sustained feeding tolerance.
Conclusion Our investigation of the risk of feeding issues in babies who get antibiotics early in life revealed no differences between neonates who received antibiotics and those who did not when the randomized controlled trial data alone was reviewed. Given the sample sizes, it is uncertain if the preceding analysis is powerful enough to detect differences (a significant percentage of neonates who were randomly assigned to NOT get antibiotics subsequently received early treatment due to changing clinical conditions). This affirms the requirement for a meticulously designed prospective randomized study.
Key Points
Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation of Indoles via Kinetic Resolution of 1-Alken-4-yn-3-ols
Authors: Takeuchi Ryo , Sawano Takahiro , Yasumura Yuki , Kuwabara Kyohei , Sugiura Hikaru , Takahashi Kana , Ishikawa Eri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report the iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of indoles via kinetic resolution of 1-alken-4-yn-3-ols to form chiral 1-alken-4-yn-3-ols and branched allylated products with high selectivity. 1-Alken-4,6-diyn-3-ol was also found to be suitable for this asymmetric allylation and gave the products in high yield and enantioselectivity. Other nucleophiles such as a malonic ester and a thiol, besides indoles, reacted to give allylated products and 1-alken-4-yn-3-ols with high enantioselectivities.
Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed C–H Annulation of Mandelic Acids with Internal Alkynes to Construct Isocoumarins
Authors: Li Shen Min , Cui Ying Na , Wang Wang Huai , Li Hong Jiang , Du Fang , Zhang Shu Jia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of isocoumarins were synthesized by a one-pot cyclization reaction with mandelic acids and internal alkynes as raw materials, [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 as a catalyst, and Cu(OAc)2·H2O as an oxidant under reflux conditions in air. By using the established efficient and reliable reaction conditions, a range of substrates were explored, and it was found that both aromatic aldehydes and aromatic acids also reacted smoothly in this system to give moderate yields of the target products. Furthermore, the mandelic acids were shown to be converted into the corresponding benzoic acids as intermediates in the reaction.
Efficient α-Arylation of α-Fluoro-α-nitrosulfonylmethanes Employing Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Mohanan Kishor , Zaheer Mohd Khalid , Vaishanv Narendra Kumar , Kumar Awadhesh , Mishra Sameer , Kant Ruchir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReported herein is an efficient α-arylation of α-fluoro-α-nitro­sulfonylmethanes using diaryliodonium salts. A wide range of α-fluoronitrosulfonylmethane substrates underwent α-arylation smoothly to produce the corresponding adducts bearing a fully substituted fluorocarbon center in good to excellent yields. The protocol was subsequently shown viable for the α-arylation of α-cyano-α-fluorosulfonylmethane derivatives yielding highly valuable cyano building blocks.
The Role of NF-κB, PPAR-α, and PPAR-γ in
Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Demirdağ Filiz , Yavuzer Serap , Cengiz Mahir , Yavuzer Hakan , Kara Zehra , Ayvacı Adnan , Avcı Suna , Yürüyen Mehmet , Uzun Hafize , Altıparmak Mehmet Rıza , Döventaş Alper , Erdinçler Deniz Suna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe etiopathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been fully understood
yet, and chronic low-grade inflammation is thought to be associated with the
development of complications related to MetS. We aimed to investigate the role
of Nuclear factor Kappa B ( NF-κB ), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated
Receptor- α and γ (PPAR-α, and PPAR-γ) which are
the main markers of inflammation in older adults with MetS. A total of 269
patients aged≥18, 188 patients with MetS who met the diagnostic criteria
of the International Diabetes Federation, and 81 controls who applied to
geriatrics and general internal medicine outpatient clinics for various reasons
were included in the study. Patients were separated into four groups: young with
MetS (< 60, n=76), elderly with MetS (≥60,
n=96), young control (< 60, n=31), elderly
controls (≥60, n=38). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and
NF-κB , PPAR-α, and PPAR-γ plasma levels were measured
in all of the participants. Age and sex distribution were similar between MetS
and control groups. C-reactive protein (CRP), NF-κB levels
(p=0.001) and CIMT (p<0,001) of MetS group were significantly
higher than in the control groups. On the other hand, the PPAR-γ
(p=0.008) and PPAR-α (p=0.003) levels were significantly
lower in MetS. ROC analysis revealed that the NF-κB, PPAR-α, and
PPAR-γ could be used to indicate MetS in younger adults (AUC: 0.735,
p<0.000; AUC: 0.653, p=0.003), whereas it could not be an
indicator in older adults (AUC: 0.617, p=0.079; AUC:0.530,
p=0.613). It seems that these markers have important roles in
MetS-related inflammation. In our results, suggest that the indicator feature of
NF-κB , PPAR-α and PPAR-γ in recognizing MetS in young
individuals is lost in older adults with Mets.
Cytokine supplemented maturation medium improved development to term following somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in cattle
Authors: Keim Jacob , Liu Ying , Regouski Misha , Stott Rusty , Singina Galina N. , White Kenneth L. , Polejaeva Irina A. 
Published: June 2023

Context In vitro maturation is an important process in the production of embryos. It has been shown that three cytokines, fibroblast growth factor 2, leukemia inhibitory factor and insulin-like growth factor 1 (FLI), increased efficiency of in vitro maturation, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) blastocyst production, and in vivo development of genetically engineered piglets. Aims Assess effects of FLI on oocyte maturation, quality of oocytes, and embryo development in bovine in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and SCNT. Key results Cytokine supplementation resulted in significant increases in maturation rates and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species. Oocytes matured in FLI had increased blastocyst rates when used in IVF (35.6% vs 27.3%, P < 0.05) and SCNT (40.6% vs 25.7%, P < 0.05). SCNT blastocysts contained significantly more inner cell mass and trophectodermal cells when compared to the control group. Importantly, SCNT embryos derived from oocytes matured in FLI medium resulted in a four-fold increase in full-term development compared to control medium (23.3% vs 5.3%, P < 0.05). Relative mRNA expression analysis of 37 genes associated with embryonic and fetal development revealed one gene had differential transcript abundance in metaphase II oocytes, nine genes at the 8-cell stage, 10 genes at the blastocyst stage in IVF embryos and four genes at the blastocyst stage in SCNT embryos. Conclusions Cytokine supplementation increased efficiency of in vitro production of IVF and SCNT embryos and in vivo development of SCNT embryos to term. Implications Cytokine supplementation is beneficial to embryo culture systems, which may shed light on requirements of early embryo development.
Histidine-rich protein II nanoparticle delivery of heme iron load drives endothelial inflammation in cerebral malaria
Authors: Nguyen Suong T. , Du Daniel , Wychrij Daniel , Cain Matthew D. , Wu Qingping , Klein Robyn S. , Russo Ilaria , Goldberg Daniel E. 
Published: June 2023

Histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) is secreted by
Plasmodium falciparum
during the blood stage of malaria infection. High plasma levels of HRPII are associated with cerebral malaria, a severe and highly fatal complication of malaria. HRPII has been shown to induce vascular leakage, the hallmark of cerebral malaria, in blood–brain barrier (BBB) and animal models. We have discovered an important mechanism for BBB disruption that is driven by unique features of HRPII. By characterizing serum from infected patients and HRPII produced by
P. falciparum
parasites in culture, we found that HRPII exists in large multimeric particles of 14 polypeptides that are richly laden with up to 700 hemes per particle. Heme loading of HRPII is required for efficient binding and internalization via caveolin-mediated endocytosis in hCMEC/D3 cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. Upon acidification of endolysosomes, two-thirds of the hemes are released from acid-labile binding sites and metabolized by heme oxygenase 1, generating ferric iron and reactive oxygen species. Subsequent activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β secretion resulted in endothelial leakage. Inhibition of these pathways with heme sequestration, iron chelation, or anti-inflammatory drugs protected the integrity of the BBB culture model from HRPII:heme. Increased cerebral vascular permeability was seen after injection of young mice with heme-loaded HRPII (HRPII:heme) but not with heme-depleted HRPII. We propose that during severe malaria infection, HRPII:heme nanoparticles in the bloodstream deliver an overwhelming iron load to endothelial cells to cause vascular inflammation and edema. Disrupting this process is an opportunity for targeted adjunctive therapies to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cerebral malaria.