bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in the UAE: A Call to Action
Authors: Sabbour Hani , Ahmad Aftab 
Published: April 2023

Background: Heart failure (HF) is an important adverse outcome of diabetes mellitus (DM) with high rates of mortality and HF-related hospitalizations. The risk of HF is 2 times higher in patients with DM compared to those without DM. Due to under-recognition and underdiagnoses, HF is often a neglected outcome in the diabetic population. There is a dearth of data regarding the true prevalence of HF and the management protocols for diabetic patients at risk of HF in the UAE and the Middle East. This lacuna in the information has led to the inception of this “call to action” paper, which identifies the gaps in the true prevalence of HF and describes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management of HF in the Middle East. Methodology: An advisory board meeting was convened and a group of key opinion leaders and experts in cardiology and endocrinology assembled to describe the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of HF in diabetes patients and to present a “call to action” in the UAE and Middle East scenario. After the group discussion, key expert opinions were formulated and “call to action” recommendations were proposed. Conclusion: This “call to action” is mainly based on the available evidence from the literature and the experts’ clinical experience. Based on the new evidence from various cardiovascular outcome trials, the “call to action” highlights a series of collaborative learning regarding the role of newer antidiabetic therapies like sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the prevention and management of HF. This “call to action” intends to serve as a guide for physicians, including primary healthcare providers, in their management of diabetic patients with HF.
Reading ebooks and printed books with parents: A case study of children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Lee Sung Hee , McKee Aja 
Published: April 2023

Background and aims Ebooks have become a ubiquitous presence in many classrooms today. Yet, empirical evidence on literacy development has not been well produced, especially for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This mixed-method case study aimed to explore how four children with ASD interact with ebooks and printed books with parents at home. Methods Four children (age 5–7 years) with ASD and their parents read one animated ebook and another printed book over four separate sessions. Parents also explained preselected word meanings to their children. In this mixed-method case study, we examined multiple quantitative and qualitative sources of evidence related to reading with parents at home. Results Quantitatively, all four children with ASD learned more word meanings from ebook than from the printed book, and three demonstrated a higher engagement with ebook than the printed book reading. Qualitatively, the majority of parents felt their children's engagement was higher with ebook than with printed book. Children with ASD tend to have tactile-related experiences while reading the printed book and auditory-related experiences during the ebook reading. Qualitative data also demonstrated a particular feature reported to be beneficial in previous research could be distracting for some children with ASD. Implications When parents are trained to explain critical word meanings to their children, animated ebooks can effectively improve the meaning-making skills of children with ASD. Findings also highlight the importance of individualized attention when choosing and using ebooks for children with ASD.
People are like plutonium
Authors: See Judi E , Rosenfeld Robert B , Taylor Sylvester , Wedic K M 
Published: April 2023

An analogy is drawn between the study of human behavior and the study of plutonium to demonstrate that soft and hard sciences are more similar than different, making the distinction moot and unproductive. The studies of human behavior and plutonium follow a common scientific research cycle that aligns with Thomas Kuhn’s views of scientific change. This common research cycle provides evidence that the thought processes and methodologies required for success are congruent in the soft and hard sciences. The primary implication from this analogy is that scientists in all disciplines should eradicate the distinction between soft and hard sciences. Focusing on similarities rather than differences among researchers from different disciplines is necessary to enhance collective intelligence and the type of transdisciplinary collaboration required to tackle difficult sociotechnical problems.CCS Concepts: • Social and professional topics • User characteristics • Cultural characteristics.
Post-partum myocardial ischemia due to intramuscular methylergonovine-induced coronary vasospasm: case report
Authors: Jang Sae K , Berlacher Kathryn , Hauspurg Alisse 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Methylergonovine is a vasoconstrictive agent historically used as a provocative agent in the lab for coronary vasospasm; it is also a first line uterotonic agent for management of postpartum hemorrhage.

Case Presentation
A 29-year-old female with history of smoking and idiopathic thrombocytopenia received intramuscular methylergonovine after delivery of twins for intrauterine hemorrhage management. Subsequently, she had episodes of chest pain with high sensitivity Troponin I elevation to 1509 ng/L with accompanying septal T wave inversions, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction to 49% and basal septal wall hypokinesis. Computed tomography (CT) coronary angiogram showed patent coronary arteries and no coronary arterial dissection. The patient was conservatively managed with aspirin and metoprolol, and on follow up had fully recovered left ventricular function with resolution of wall motion abnormalities. Given this, coronary vasospasm due to intramuscular methylergonovine is the most likely cause of patient’s chest pain and associated myocardial ischemia.

Conclusions
Intramuscular, intrauterine, intravenous, and even oral methylergonovine can rarely cause coronary vasospasm leading to myocardial ischemia. Cardiologists caring for postpartum patients should be aware of these potential lethal complications; prompt identification and administration of sublingual nitroglycerin can prevent severe complications of arrythmias, heart block, or cardiac arrest.
Development and early validation of questionnaires to assess system level factors affecting male partners’ attendance at childbirth in LMICs
Authors: Uhawenimana Thierry Claudien , Gray Nicola M. , Whitford Heather , McFadden Alison 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
There is evidence that a woman who receives continuous labour support from a chosen companion can have shorter labour duration, is more likely to give birth without medical interventions, and report a satisfying childbirth experience. These outcomes result from the beneficial effects of emotional and practical support from the woman’s chosen companion, and care provided by health providers. When a woman’s chosen companion is her male partner, in addition to the above benefits, his presence can promote his bonding with the baby, and shared parenthood. However, there may be healthcare system barriers, including organisational, management and individual (staff) factors, that inhibit or restrict women’s choice of companion. There are currently no suitable survey tools that can be used to assess the system level factors affecting the implementation of male partners’ attendance at childbirth in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs).

Methods
We designed two questionnaires to help to address that gap: the Male Partners’ Attendance at Childbirth-Questionnaire for Heads of Maternity Units (MPAC-QHMUs); and the Male Partners’ Attendance at Childbirth-Questionnaire for Maternity Staff (MPAC-QMS). We carried out an extensive review to generate initial items of the two questionnaires. We assessed the content and face validity of the two questionnaires in a three-round modified Delphi study.

Results
The Male Partners’ Attendance at Childbirth-Questionnaire for Heads of Maternity Units (MPAC-QHMUs) focused on organisational and management factors. The Male Partners’ Attendance at Childbirth-Questionnaire of Maternity Staff (MPAC-QMS) focused on individual staff factors. The final MPAC-QHMUs and MPAC-QMS included items which garnered over 80% content relevance according to the experts’ rating. After all three consensus rounds of the Delphi study, 43 items were retained for the MPAC-QHMUs and 61 items were retained for the MPAC-QMS.

Conclusions
The MPAC-QHMUs and the MPAC-QMS may help understanding of barriers affecting male partners’ attendance at childbirth in LMICs in order to devise implementation strategies to enable wider availability and to maximize women’s choices during labour and childbirth. The MPAC-QHMUs and the MPAC-QMS as newly-developed questionnaires require further validation of their acceptability and feasibility in different cultural contexts, and languages.
Persistent psychosis associated with extreme delta brush in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a case report
Authors: Nóbrega Paulo Ribeiro , Lima Paulo Reges Oliveira , de Oliveira Junior¹ Pedro Helder , Sanders Lorena Pitombeira , Sobreira-Neto Manoel Alves , Magalhães Samir Câmara , Sanders Lia Lira Olivier , Braga-Neto Pedro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is an emerging differential diagnosis of first episode and persistent psychosis in the psychiatric community, as clinical manifestations include psychiatric symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, decreased consciousness, and dyskinesias. This disease is associated with extreme delta brush (EDB), but the significance and temporal course of this EEG pattern still needs to be determined. Herein, we report a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis with persistent psychosis associated with EDB occurrence on multiple occasions during a 5-year disease course.

Case presentation
A 15-year-old girl was diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and treated with progressive improvement. Four years after initial manifestations, an EDB pattern was seen on electroencephalogram (EEG) without new neurological symptoms. She had residual symptoms of episodic auditory hallucinations and impulsivity. One year later, the patient had a recurrence of neurological symptoms (seizures, dyskinesias and impaired attention), persisting with EDB on EEG. Clinical symptoms and EDB resolved after second-line treatment with rituximab.

Conclusion
We describe the first case of persistent psychosis in anti-NMDAR encephalitis associated with extreme delta brush on multiple EEGs on prolonged follow-up. Electroencephalographic patterns such as EDB may serve as markers of residual disease activity, including psychiatric symptoms. Further studies with prolonged EEG monitoring are needed to better understand these findings.
Choledochoscope-guided treatment of pulmonary embolism caused by ventricular myxoma
Authors: Mao Yong , Wang Cuiting , Wei Yalin , Li Yongnan , Wu Xiangyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA 33-year male patient presented with a 6-month history of cough and shortness of breath upon physical activity. Echocardiography demonstrated right ventricular space-occupying lesions. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest showed multiple emboli in the pulmonary artery and its branches. Right ventricle tumor (myxoma) resection, tricuspid valve replacement, and clearance of the pulmonary artery thrombus were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. Minimally invasive forceps and balloon urinary catheters were used to clear the thrombus. Clearance was confirmed by direct visualization using a choledochoscope. The patient recovered well and was discharged. The patient was prescribed oral warfarin 3 mg/day, and the international normalized ratio for prothrombin time was maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Pre-discharge echocardiogram showed no lesion in the right ventricle or pulmonary arteries. The 6-month follow-up echocardiography indicated that the tricuspid valve was functioning well and showed no thrombus in the pulmonary artery.
Abnormal expression of lysosomal glycoproteins in patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation
Authors: Sabry Sahar , Eissa Noura R. , Zaki Maha S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
The study of the impact of some inherited defects in glycosylation on the biosynthesis of some lysosomal glycoproteins. Results description: Whole-exome sequencing revealed a homozygous variant; 428G > A; p. (R143K) in SRD5A3 in one patient and a heterozygous one c.46G > A p. (Gly16Arg) in SLC35A2 in the other patient. Both variants were predicted to be likely pathogenic. Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 (LAMP2) immunodetection in both cases showed a truncated form of the protein. Cystinosin (CTN) protein appeared as normal and truncated forms in both patients in ratios of the mature to truncated forms of CTN were lower than the control. The levels of the truncated forms of both cellular proteins were higher in the SRD5A3-CDG case compared to the SLC35A2-CDG case. The tetrameric form of cathepsin C (CTSC) was expressed at low levels in both cases with congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). SLC35A2-CDG patient had one extra-unknown band while SRD5A3-CDG patient had a missing band of CTSC forms. The expression patterns of lysosomal glycoproteins could be different between different types of CDG.
Gun owners’ assessment of gun safety policy: their underlying principles and detailed opinions
Authors: Grene Kathleen , Dharani Amani , Siegel Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
While gun owners are frequently surveyed, we are not aware of any study that has examined principles held by gun owners that underlie their gun policy opinions, or their opinions about specific provisions of each policy. To find the common ground between gun owners and non-gun owners, this paper aims to answer the following: (1) What underlying principles affects gun owner support for gun policies; (2) how do gun owners’ attitudes change depending on the specific provisions within these policies?

Methods
In May 2022, a survey was administered by NORC at the University of Chicago and completed by adult gun owners (n = 1078) online or by phone. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA. The survey used a 5-point Likert scale to evaluate gun owners’ principles and attitudes toward firearm regulation, such as red flag laws, and possible provisions to these policies. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with 96 adult gun owners and non-gun owners to further clarify points in the survey for the former and to ascertain support for the same policies and their potential provisions for the latter.

Results
The principle that gun owners identified with the most concerned keeping guns out of the hands of those with an increased risk for violence. There was significant overlap among gun owners and non-gun owners on policy support, especially with this central theme that those with a history of violence should be prevented from accessing a firearm. The degree of support for policies was different depending on what provisions were said to be included in the policy. For example, the degree of support for universal background checks ranged from 19.9 to 78.4% depending on the details of the legislation.

Conclusion
This research demonstrates common ground between gun owners and non-gun owners: It informs the gun safety policy community about gun owners’ views and principles on gun safety policy and which policy provisions impact their support for a given law. This paper suggests that an effective, mutually agreed upon gun safety policy is possible.
Differential impact of yeast cell wall products in recovery of porcine intestinal epithelial cell barrier function following Lipopolysaccharide challenge
Authors: Browne Niall , Daly Daniel , Horgan Karina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In swine intestinal barrier deterioration can be caused by exposure to harmful bacteria, toxins or contaminants that can lead to a leaky gut and post weaning diarrhoea. A leaky gut leads to increased infection, inflammation and poor nutrient absorption that can impair piglet growth and ultimately survival. Application of yeast cell wall (YCW) products may offer an opportunity to reduce the intestinal barrier damage caused by microbial challenge. A Mannan rich fraction (MRF) and three YCW products were compared by examining their impact on intestinal barrier function using a Jejunal model of intestine in response to a bacterial challenge using Salmonella LPS.

Results
Trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) readings showed MRF had a significantly higher barrier function (P ≤ 0.05) over the positive control while YCW products A, B and C demonstrated no significant improvement to the positive control. Transcriptome analysis of the IPEC-J2 cells showed that differentially expressed genes associated with the gene ontology (GO) term for Structural molecule activity was significantly upregulated in the MRF treated cells over the positive control cells with 56 genes upregulated compared to product B (50 genes), Product C, (25 genes) and the negative control’s 60 genes. Product A had no functional grouping under the structural molecule activity term.
Both qPCR and western blotting analysis of tight junction associated genes showed that MRF treated cells demonstrated significantly higher Claudin 3 junctional gene expression (P ≤ 0.05) over the positive control and treatments A, B and C. Occludin expression was significantly higher in MRF treated cells (P ≤ 0.05) over the positive control and product B. A nonsignificant rise in TJP-1 gene expression was observed in the MRF treated cells when compared to the positive control. Protein abundances of Claudin 3, Occludin and TJP-1 were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher following MRF application to LPS challenged IPEC-J2 cells over the positive control.

Conclusions
The difference in each YCW products production and composition appeared to influence intestinal barrier integrity. The action of MRF demonstrates its potential ability to raise intestinal barrier integrity of IPEC-J2 intestinal cells on an in vitro level through significantly elevated intracellular connections.
Different novel biomarkers involved in diagnosing hypothyroidism
Authors: Sharma Hansi , Kakadiya Jagdish 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHypothyroidism is a clinical condition caused by the deficiency of thyroid hormones that are T4and T3due to an increase in serum TSH level. The upper and lower limit of T4and TSH helps to identify the disease. The metabolic pathways are important to know for diagnostic tests. By conducting different biochemical tests, a proper diagnosis can be performed when hypothyroidism is suspected clinically. Previously, many assays were performed just to detect the disease but recent tests are in both direct and indirect categories. Direct tests are purposely enough to detect the deficiency of thyroid hormones just like T3, T4, serum TSH, free-T4, free-T3, T4resin uptake, free T4index, T4binding globulin, and anti-TPO. All these tests are performed considering the reference ranges of hormones and the discovery that lower and higher TSH readings, even within the standard range, could predict future hypothyroidism, respectively, while the connection is stronger for hypothyroidism, supports the significance of diagnosing moderate thyroid status problems. If needed, one can also consider the radiological test that is a radioactive iodine uptake test. Other biochemical tests are considered as indirect because these tests actually confirm other changes in the body due to hypothyroidism such as lipid profile tests (TC, TAG, HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TAG/HDL-C), cytokine tests (interleukin-6, TNF-α, visfatin, and leptin) and other regular tests like iron deficiency test, hemoglobin test, ferritin, and TIBC. This article carries brief information regarding all the tests mentioned above and their purpose of conduction in hypothyroidism disease.
Effect of hormonal changes during menstrual cycle on measures of differential sensitivity: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kasera Shejal , Yadav Suryakant , Prabhu Prashanth 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Cyclic fluctuation levels of hormones in females during different phases of menstruation can lead to many favorable and unfavorable changes. Different researchers had investigated these changes and suggested that such hormonal fluctuations may lead to alterations in auditory functions indirectly. The evidence from different studies suggested variations in thresholds of female participants between pre-menstruation and post menstruation stages. However, to our best knowledge, no attempts have been made to assess the differential sensitivity in females across the four phases of the menstrual cycle. The present study aims to investigate these variations in the auditory system across the four phases of menstruation.

Methods and materials
The participants were 27 volunteers with the age range of 18–30 years, consisting of 12 females (experimental group) and 15 males (control group). Three psychoacoustics measures, i.e., differential limen of intensity (DLI), differential limen of frequency (DLF), and differential limen of time (DLT), to assess the differential sensitivity were performed to analyze any audiological changes that may occur during each menstrual cycle phase.

Results
The results of the study showed that the scores were significantly poorer (p < 0.05) in the menstrual phase compared to other phases for all the tests in females. The scores were significantly better (p > 0.05) at the premenstrual phase for all the tests in females. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in scores across the phases for all the tests in males. The results of the study agree with previous studies which also report the effect of hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle in various audiological tests.

Conclusion
The results of the current study support to the theory that changes in sex hormone levels at different phases of menstrual cycle can affect differential sensitivity.
Intraoperative Visualization of Flow in Direct Cerebrospinal Fluid-Venous Fistulas Using Intrathecal Fluorescein
Authors: Häni Levin , El Rahal Amir , Fung Christian , Volz Florian , Kraus Luisa Mona , Lützen Niklas , Urbach Horst , Schnell Oliver , Beck Jürgen 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CVFs) are a rare cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Intraoperatively, CVFs are not readily identifiable and difficult to differentiate from normal veins.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the utility of intrathecal fluorescein injection intraoperatively to visualize and identify the CVF.

METHODS:
We report a case series of patients treated surgically for a CVF. After surgical exposure, we injected intrathecal fluorescein (5-10 mg) through a lumbar catheter, which we placed immediately before surgery.

RESULTS:
Four patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension with a suspected CVF underwent surgical ligation with adjunctive intrathecal fluorescein application. Intraoperative fluorescein injection confirmed the presence of a CVF in 3 cases. In 2 cases, we observed rapid fluorescein filling of a single epidural vein constituting the CVF. Other epidural vessels did not fill with fluorescein. In 1 case, fluorescein helped to identify a residual CVF after previous incomplete embolization. In the fourth case, no CVF was found intraoperatively. By contrast, a meningeal nerve root diverticulum was visualized, wrapped, and clipped.

CONCLUSION:
We demonstrate for the first time the direct intraoperative visualization of CVF using intrathecal fluorescein. CVF can be identified intraoperatively using fluorescein dye, which can be a valuable adjunct for the surgeon confronted with this disease.