bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of transgenic zebrafish for investigating inflammatory responses to nanomaterials: Recommendations for new users
Authors: Johnston Helinor J , Gillies Suzanne L J , Verdon Rachel , Stone Vicki , Henry Theodore , Tran Lang , Tucker Carl , Rossi Adriano G , Tyler Charles R 
Published: January 2023

Despite the increasing exploitation of nanomaterials (NMs) in an array of consumer products, there are uncertainties regarding their potential adverse impact on human health. Investigation of whether NMs activate a pro-inflammatory response is routinely used to assess their toxicity in in vitro and in vivo (rodent) studies. The use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to investigate inflammatory responses to chemicals, pathogens and injury has increased considerably over recent years. Zebrafish have also been used to investigate the role of inflammation in disease pathogenesis and for drug discovery. Availability of transgenic strains which express fluorescent proteins in immune cells (e.g. macrophages and neutrophils) enables the visualization and quantification of immune cell accumulation in the target site(s) of interest. We therefore propose that transgenic zebrafish have great utility for screening the toxicity of NMs via investigation of inflammatory responses. Indeed, we have successfully used non-protected life stages of transgenic zebrafish with fluorescent neutrophils (Tg(mpx:EGFP114) to investigate inflammatory responses to NMs. The more widespread use of transgenic zebrafish in nanotoxicology could reduce the reliance placed on rodents and thereby enhance the implementation of the 3Rs principles. As zebrafish continue to grow in popularity it is timely to offer guidance to new users on their use. Here we will reflect on: exposure routes that can adopted to mimic human/rodent exposure, what transgenic strains and life stages are best suited to investigate inflammatory responses, selection criteria for zebrafish embryos/larvae, the inclusion of appropriate controls, the importance of dose selection and sample size, and how the (inflammatory) response can be quantified. It is hoped that our recommendations will support the development of standard protocols that can be used to assess whether NMs activate inflammatory responses. Importantly, the themes discussed are not restricted to NMs but relevant also to zebrafish application in ecotoxicology or human health focused studies.
Burden and risk factors for Schistosoma mansoni infection among primary school children: A quantitative school-based cross-sectional survey in Busega district, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Ogweno George , Mushi Vivian , Silvestri Valeria , Bonaventura Witness , Justine Nyanda C. , Noah Mololo , Yoram Furahini , Mohamed Hussein , Tarimo Donath 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIntestinal schistosomiasis is one of the most common neglected tropical diseases in Tanzania. Despite massive praziquantel administration, data from Northern Tanzania have reported a prevalence of up to 93.2%. Because the disease is focal, depending on host, environmental and intermediate host factors, there is a need to acquire data in specific settings to better tailor interventions. Therefore, the study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with persistent transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis among school-age children in Busega district, Northern Tanzania.MethodsA school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 363 primary school children, randomly selected from school clusters in the Busega district. A single stool sample was collected from each child forS.mansoniova and infection intensity examination using Kato-Katz. Factors related to intestinal schistosomiasis transmission were acquired through a questionnaire. A malacological survey was carried out to determine theBiomphalariainfectivity rate. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyse the association betweenschistosomainfection and factors related to transmission in this setting.ResultsThe prevalence ofS.mansoniinfection was 41.3% (95% CI: 36.3–46.5), statistically significantly higher among the younger group aged less than 11 years (46.4% vs 35.3%, p = 0.032). The intensity of infection was heavy in 1.6% of participants, moderate in 9.6%, and light in 30.9%. Studying at Mwamayombo Primary School (AOR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.12–5.60) was the only factor significantly associated withS.mansoniinfestations. The snail intermediate host belonged toBiomphalaria sudanicaspecies, whose infectivity rate was quantified as 0.97%, thus confirming ongoing transmission in the area.ConclusionsThere was a high prevalence ofS.mansoniinfection among school-age children in the Busega district. The presence of the infectedBiomphalaria sudanicain the area documents the persistent transmission of the disease, favored by low knowledge and negative attitudes among school-aged children. Hence, the need for multi-approach intervention for schistosomiasis prevention and elimination.
Identifying the key characteristics of a culturally safe mental health service for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: A qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Milroy Helen , Kashyap Shraddha , Collova Jemma R. , Platell Monique , Gee Graham , Ohan Jeneva L. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Mental health inequities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations are well documented. There is growing recognition of the role that culturally safety plays in achieving equitable outcomes. However, a clear understanding of the key characteristics of culturally safe mental health care is currently lacking. This protocol outlines a qualitative systematic review that aims to identify the key characteristics of culturally safe mental health care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, at the individual, service, and systems level. This knowledge will improve the cultural safety of mental health care provided to Indigenous peoples, with a focus on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia.

Methods and expected outputs
Through a review of academic, grey, and cultural literature, we will identify the key characteristics of culturally safe mental health care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia. We will consider the characteristics of culturally safe care at the individual practitioner, service, and systems levels.

Prospero registration number
CRD42021258724.
Factors influencing the use of therapeutic footwear in persons with diabetes mellitus and loss of protective sensation: A focus group study
Authors: Malki Athra , Verkerke Gijsbertus J. , Dekker Rienk , Hijmans Juha M. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Persons with diabetes mellitus (DM) and loss of protective sensation (LOPS) due to peripheral neuropathy do not use their therapeutic footwear (TF) consistently. TF is essential to prevent foot ulceration. In order to improve compliance in using TF, influencing factors need to be identified and analyzed. Persons with a history of foot ulceration may find different factors important compared with persons without ulceration or persons who have never used TF. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine factors perceived as important for the use of TF by different groups of persons with DM and LOPS.

Method
A qualitative study was performed using focus group discussions. Subjects (n = 24) were divided into 3 focus groups based on disease severity: ulcer history (HoU) versus no ulcer history (no-HoU) and experience with TF (TF) versus no experience (no-TF). For each group of 8 subjects (TF&HoU; TF&no-HoU; no-TF&no-HoU), an online focus group discussion was organized to identify the most important influencing factors. Transcribed data were coded with Atlas.ti. The analysis was performed following the framework approach.

Results
The factors comfort and fit and stability/balance were ranked in the top 3 of all groups. Usability was ranked in the top 3 of group-TF&noHoU and group-noTF&noHoU. Two other factors, reducing pain and preventing ulceration were ranked in the top 3 of group-TF&noHoU and group-TF&HoU, respectively.

Conclusion
Experience with TF and a HoU influence which factors are perceived as important for TF use. Knowledge of these factors during the development and prescription process of TF may lead to increased compliance. Although the main medical reason for TF prescription is ulcer prevention, only 1 group gave this factor a high ranking. Therefore, next to focusing on influencing factors, person-centered education on the importance of using TF to prevent ulcers is also required.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical outcomes of ACEI/ARB in East-Asian patients with COVID-19
Authors: Huang Nancy Xurui , Yuan Qi , Fang Fang , Yan Bryan P. , Sanderson John E. 
Published: January 2023

Background
SARS-CoV-2 invades human cells and leads to COVID-19 by direct associating with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, the level of which may be increased by treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). This meta-analysis aimed to explore the impact of ACEI/ARB treatment on the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infections among population in the East-Asia region.

Methods
We collected clinical data published from January 2000 to May 2022 in the English databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers independently screened and identified studies that met the prespecified criteria. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.

Results
A total of 28 articles were included in this analysis. The results showed that patients who were prescribed with ACEI/ARB had a shorter duration of hospital stay [MD = -2.37, 95%CI (-3.59, -1.14), P = 0.000 2] and a lower mortality rate [OR = 0.61, 95% CI (0.52, 0.70), P<0.000 01] than patients who were not on ACEI/ARB. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in disease severity [OR = 0.99, 95% CI (0.83, 1.17), P = 0.90] between individuals receiving ACEI/ARB or not.

Conclusions
This meta-analysis suggested that the use of ACEI/ARB was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes in East-Asian Covid-19 patients and a reduced mortality and shorter duration of hospital stay among East-Asian population (especially for female subjects) was found. Thus, ACEI/ARB should be continued in patients infected by Covid-19.
Aditza eta aditz sintagma
Authors: Goenaga Patxi 
Published: January 2023

Aditz sintagma aditza buru duen egitura da. Buru honen inguruan ibiliko dira, osagarri nahiz adjuntu gisa, DS-ak, AdpS-ak, perpaus jokatuak nahiz jokatugabeak. AS bera, berriz, inflexioaren osagarritzat hartuko dugu, biek batera InflS osatzen dutelarik.
Aditzak, buru den aldetik, bere osagarriak hautatzen ditu. Aditz batzuek mota bateko osagarriak hautatzen dituzte eta beste batzuek, beste batekoak. Horrela, zilegi da aditz iragankorrez (osagarria hautatzen dutenez, eman, ekarri, erosi, ...modukoez, alegia) eta iragangaitzez hitz egitea (osagarririk hautatzen ez dutenez, adibidez, erori, jaio, joan...). Lehenbizikoei, bestalde, euskal hiztegietan, ohikoa da du motako aditz deitzea, aditz iragangaitzei da aditz deitzea eta datiboa eskatzen dutenei zaio eta dio aditz deitzea. Horien funtsa azalduko da atal honetan, bestelako terminologia bat erabilita bada ere.
Aditz bakoitzaren inguruan biltzen diren osagaiek, argumentuek, sare bat osatzen dutela esan ohi da eta argumentu horietako bakoitzak errol tematiko jakinak (egile errola, gai errola, hartzaile errola, instrumentua, helburua, iturburua ...) jasotzen dituztela. Hala ere, aditzaren inguruko osagai horiek ez dira mota berekoak ez maila berekoak. Batzuk aditzarekin hertsiki lotuak daude, beste batzuen lotura lasaiago da eta badira, halaber, predikatu baten argumentu barik, gertaera-argumentu baten predikatutzat hartzen direnak, zenbait hizkuntzalariren arabera. Kontu hauen azalpen labur bat ere eskainiko da.
Aditz jokatua eta aditz jokoa
Authors: Goenaga Patxi 
Published: January 2023

Perpausak behar beharrezko du aditza deitzen dugun osagai bat (aditza baino gehiago inflexioa). Baina aditz hau forma jakin batean agertu ohi zaigu perpausean, jokatua alegia. Hizkuntzalariek diote inflexioa dela perpausaren burua. Hemen biltzen dira perpausean ditugun hainbat osagai, direla kasu sintagmak, komunztaduraren bidez, dela denbora, modu eta aspektuari dagokion informazioa.
Gauzak horrela aurkeztuta, inflexioa bada perpausaren burua, buru honek, osagarri gisa, beste atal batzuk hartuko ditu, bereziki aditz sintagma deitzen duguna. Honen ardatza aditza bera izango da. Horrenbestez, perpausaren osaera, joskera, aztertu nahi badugu, bidezko dirudi, burutik hastea gure azterketa. Hala egingo dugu hemen ere. Hortaz, atal honetan perpausaren burua den inflexioaren berri emango dugu, aditz jokoa, funtsean. Adizki trinkoen (jokabiderako aditz laguntzailerik behar ez dutenen) osaera aztertuko dugu lehenbizi eta, ondoren, adizki perifrastikoena (aditz laguntzailea behar dutenena). Formetatik abiatuko gara eta, ondoren, forma hauetako bakoitzaren balioa edo esanahia zein izan daitekeen azaltzeko ahalegina ere egingo dugu.
Zenbatzailea eta zenbatzaile sintagma
Authors: Goenaga Patxi 
Published: January 2023

Determinatzaile sintagmaren osagaien artean zenbatzaileak ere ageri dira. Izan ere determinatzaile sintagmaren erreferentzia zehazteko orduan, zer (txakur) eta zein (txakur hori, adibidez) zehazteaz gainera, zenbat d(ir)en zehaztea ere nahitaezko da (bi txakur horiek), zertaz mintzo garen ongi finkatua utzi behar bada.
Zenbatzaileen lana zein den finkatu ostean, zenbat zenbatzaile klase ditugun ere zehazten saiatuko gara atal honetan eta zenbatzaileak sailkatzeko ahalegin bat egingo dugu. Batetik zenbatzaile zehaztuak eta zenbatzaile zehaztugabeak bereiziko ditugu eta hauen barnean ere behar diren sailkatzeak egingo dira. Arreta berezia eskainiko zaie zenbatzaile orokorrei.
Bestalde, zenbatzaileez gainera mugatzaileak ere agertzen direnez, elkarren arteko konbinazioak aztertuko dira, zein diren zilegi eta zein ez.
Neurri sintagmak ere hemen aztertuko dira.
Azkenik, zenbatzaile sintagma dei daitekeen kategoria bat ere badela onartuko dugu eta sintagma horren kokagunea eta lana zein den azaltzen ahaleginduko gara.
Egiturazko kasuak
Authors: Goenaga Patxi 
Published: January 2023

Perpausak, eskuarki, aditzaz gainera, beste zenbait sintagma behar ditu aditzaren inguruan, direla Determinatzaile Sintagmak (DS-ak), direla Adposizio sintagmak (AdpS-ak), direla perpausak (P-ak). Osagai hauek predikatuarekin eta elkarren artean dituzten erlazioak marka jakin batzuen bidez egiten dira ageriko. Euskaraz marka hauek atzizki tankerakoak dira eta dagokien sintagmari itsatsiak joan ohi dira, sintagmaren eskuinaldean. Atzizki hauetako batzuk kasuak dira eta beste batzuk adposizioak. Badira, azkenik, konplementatzaileak.
1. Kasuak (hots, kasu gramatikalak; hemen egiturazko kasuak deituko diegu): Ø (absolutiboa), -i (datiboa), -k (ergatiboa) eta -en (genitiboa).
2. Adposizioak: -n, -tik, -ra, -raino, -rako, -kin, -gatik, -tzat, -z … Hauek morfema itsatsiak dira, ezkerrean ageri den hitzari itsatsirik ageri baitira.
Ohiko adberbioak ere (atzo, beti, bihar, gero, han, ia, inoiz, ongi, orduan…), adposizio izan ez arren, aurrekoen kide direla aldarrikatuko dugu. Eta orobat, arrunki adposiziotzat (edo batzuetan kokapen izentzat) hartzen direnak ere: gainean, gainera, kontra, ondoren, zehar…
3. Konplementatzaileak: -(e)n/-(e)la, bait-, ba- dira perpaus jokatuetan aurkituko ditugunak. Perpaus jokatugabeek, berriz, gainerako DS-ei zor zaizkien kasu marka eta adposizio berak erakutsiko dituzte: [… -t(z)ea-Ø] (absolutiboa), [… -t(z)ea-ri] (datiboa), [… -t(z)ea-k] (ergatiboa), [… -t(z)e-an] (inesiboa), [… -t(z)e-tik] (ablatiboa), […-t(z)e-ra (adlatiboa), edo [… -tua-Ø] (absolutiboa), [… -tua-ri] (datiboa), [… -tua-k] (ergatiboa), [… -tua-z] (instrumentala) etab.
Kapitulu honetan lau kasu gramatikalak aztertuko dira banan-banan: absolutiboa, datiboa, ergatiboa eta genitiboa. Morfologiatik abiatu eta sintagma bakoitzak zer funtzio sintaktiko izan dezakeen eta nolako adiera duen azalduko dugu.
Adposizioa eta adposizio sintagma
Authors: Goenaga Patxi 
Published: January 2023

Kapitulu honetan burutzat adposizioa ‘itsatsia’ duten sintagmak aurkeztuko ditugu. Ohiko gramatiketan postposizio sintagmak direla esaten da. Etxe horretan, zuregatik, eta holakoak [DS + adposizioa AdpS] gisa osatuak dira: [[etxe hori ds] -ta-n AdpS]; [[zu-re- ds] -gatik AdpS].
Bi multzo bereiziko dira: leku-denborazkoak eta leku-denborazko ez direnak.
a) Leku-denborazko adposizioen multzoa -n inesiboak, -tik ablatiboak, -ra/ -raino/ -rantz/ -(ra)ko adlatiboak sartuko ditugu. Eskema honetan -ko adposizioari ere egingo diogu leku eta zer estatus duen ere eztabaidatuko dugu. Leku-denborazkoen multzoan kokatu behar dira, halaber, -ga- adposizioaren gainean eraikitakoak: ama-(ren)-ga-n, ama-(ren)-ga-n-dik, ama-(ren)-ga-n-di-ko…
b) Leku-denborazko ez diren AdpSek burutzat honako beste adposizio hauek dituzte: -z instrumentala, -gatik kausazkoa, -kin soziatiboa eta -tzat (destinatiboa/ prolatiboa).
Hemen ere, zenbaitetan, DSren eta adposizioaren artean genitiboaren marka agertuko zaigu: ama-ren-gatik, ama-ren-tzat, ama-re-kin...
Adposizio hauek DSri, itsatsiak ‘adposatuak’ ageri ohi dira sintagmaren azken osagaiari itsatsiak. Euskara hizkuntza eranskaria izaki, adposizioak elkarren gainean pila daitezke, gero eta AdpS konplexuagoak sortuz: [etxe horr-e-ta-ra] > [[etxe horr-eta-ra]-ino] > [etxe horr-eta- ra-ino-ko] bezala, [zure-ga-n] > [zure-ga-n-a] > [zure-ga-n-a-ino] > [zure-ga-n-a-ino-ko] > [zure-ga-n-a-ino-ko-tik]… Genitiboa gorabehera, adposizioak bere lekuan segituko du sintagmaren buru gisa, eskuinaldean: amaren-ga-n, amare-ki-n… Etxea-n sintagman bezalaxe, hain zuzen.
AdpS bakoitzean, sintagmaren osaeraz aparte, funtzio sintaktikoari eta esanahiari erreparatuko diogu.
Adposizio ‘askeen’ bidez (alde, artean, bidez, buruz, gainean, kontra, ondoan, zehar…) gauzatzen diren egitura konplexuagoetara iritsiko gara azkenean: gure etxearen ondo-an, gure aurre-ra…; zuri buru-z, mendian go-ra, itsasoan zehar… Hauek ere adposizioak direla aldarrikatuko dugu. Hemen ere leku-denborazkoak edo bestelakoak izan daitezke.
Quo vadis Automation?
Authors: Lüder Arndt , Steininger Heinrich , Goltz Dieter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
[1] stellt fest, dass der Begriff Industrie 4.0, auch wenn er bereits umfassend als Marketingbegriff missbraucht wird, keine Technologie, kein Produkt und keine Dienstleitung benennt, die man kaufen kann. Es ist eher ein Konzept bzw. eine Vision für die Weiterentwicklung der deutschen Industrie. Dass die Industrie 4.0 insbesondere (aber nicht ausschließlich) ein Themenfeld für die Automatisierungstechnik ist, ist unumstritten. Doch wohin entwickelt sich die Vision Industrie 4.0 und wie und in welcher Reihenfolge müssen Unternehmen aktiv werden, um dieser Vision zu folgen. Hier herrscht auch nach vielen Jahren Forschung, immer noch Unklarheit. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, hier ein wenig Licht ins Dunkel zu bringen.
A data-centric approach to anomaly detection in layer-based additive manufacturing
Authors: Zeiser Alexander , Özcan Bekir , Kracke Christoph , van Stein Bas , Bäck Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Anomaly detection describes methods of finding abnormal states, instances or data points that differ from a normal value space. Industrial processes are a domain where predicitve models are needed for finding anomalous data instances for quality enhancement. A main challenge, however, is absence of labels in this environment. This paper contributes to a data-centric way of approaching artificial intelligence in industrial production. With a use case from additive manufacturing for automotive components we present a deep-learning-based image processing pipeline. We integrate the concept of domain randomisation and synthetic data in the loop that shows promising results for bridging advances in deep learning and its application to real-world, industrial production processes.
Fast iterative solutions of Riccati and Lyapunov equations
Authors: Assimakis Nicholas , Adam Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, new iterative algorithms for solving the discrete Riccati and Lyapunov equations are derived in the case where the transition matrix is diagonalizable with real eigenvalues. It is shown that the proposed iterative algorithms are faster than the classical ones, even for a small number of iterations.
Scalable fabrication of self-assembled GeSn vertical nanowires for nanophotonic applications
Authors: Lin Guangyang , An Yuying , Ding Haokun , Zhao Haochen , Wang Jianyuan , Chen Songyan , Li Cheng , Hickey Ryan , Kolodzey James , Zeng Yuping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, scalable fabrication of self-assembled GeSn vertical nanowires (NWs) based on rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and inductively coupled-plasma (ICP) dry etching was proposed. After thermal treatment of molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown GeSn, self-assembled Sn nanodots (NDs) were formed on surface and the spontaneous emission from GeSn direct band was enhanced by ∼5-fold. Employing the self-assembled Sn NDs as template, vertical GeSn NWs with a diameter of 25 ± 6 nm and a density of 2.8 × 109 cm−2 were obtained by Cl-based ICP dry etching technique. A prototype GeSn NW photodetector (PD) with rapid switching ability was demonstrated and the optoelectronic performance of Ge NW PD was systematically studied. The GeSn NW PD exhibited an ultralow dark current density of ∼33 nA/cm2 with a responsivity of 0.245 A/W and a high specific detectivity of 2.40 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at 1550 nm under −1 V at 77 K. The results prove that this method is prospective for low-cost and scalable fabrication of GeSn NWs, which are promising for near infrared or short wavelength infrared nanophotonic devices.
Ultrafast hot electron dynamics in plasmonic nanostructures: experiments, modelling, design
Authors: Schirato Andrea , Maiuri Margherita , Cerullo Giulio , Della Valle Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Metallic nanostructures exhibit localized surface plasmons (LSPs), which offer unprecedented opportunities for advanced photonic materials and devices. Following resonant photoexcitation, LSPs quickly dephase, giving rise to a distribution of energetic ‘hot’ electrons in the metal. These out-of-equilibrium carriers undergo ultrafast internal relaxation processes, nowadays pivotal in a variety of applications, from photodetection and sensing to the driving of photochemical reactions and ultrafast all-optical modulation of light. Despite the intense research activity, exploitation of hot carriers for real-world nanophotonic devices remains extremely challenging. This is due to the complexity inherent to hot carrier relaxation phenomena at the nanoscale, involving short-lived out-of-equilibrium electronic states over a very broad range of energies, in interaction with thermal electronic and phononic baths. These issues call for a comprehensive understanding of ultrafast hot electron dynamics in plasmonic nanostructures. This paper aims to review our contribution to the field: starting from the fundamental physics of plasmonic nanostructures, we first describe the experimental techniques used to probe hot electrons; we then introduce a numerical model of ultrafast nanoscale relaxation processes, and present examples in which experiments and modelling are combined, with the aim of designing novel optical functionalities enabled by ultrafast hot-electron dynamics.