bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergist response of the Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) to some ammonium based proteinaceous food bait attractants
Authors: Hasnain Muhammad , Saeed Shafqat , Ullah Unsar Naeem , Ullah Sami , Zaka Syed Muhammad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Under the family Tephritidae, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a serious pest, attacking fruits and vegetables causing large quantitative and qualitative damages throughout the world. Fruit flies require proteinaceous food for sexual maturation and egg development. Therefore, food bait attractants are frequently utilized for fruit fly detection, monitoring, mass trapping, and control. Using a Y-shape olfactometer (behavioral tests), we selected the best synthetic proteinaceous food bait attractants to volatiles identified by fruit fly antennae. The responses of B. zonata adults, male and female, to some ammonium compounds (ammonium acetate (AA), trimethylamine (TMA), and putrescine) that were mixed with certain food attractants were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Using flies ranging in age from 5 to 30 days, possible mixtures were discovered that might be useful in developing fruit fly attractants for both males and females. So, four base baits were developed by mixing protein hydrolysate with jaggery, papaya powder, kachri powder, potassium hydroxide (KOH), and guava pulp. Finally, thirty-two (32) synthetic blends were developed when the above four base baits were mixed with synthetic attractants.

Results
The olfactometer bioassay indicated that protein hydrolysate and jaggery-based baits were effective in attracting both male and female flies throughout their adult lives when combined with AA + putrescine (Bait 6) and AA + TMA + putrescine (Bait 8). Similarly, protein hydrolysate + guava pulp-based baits combined with AA + putrescine (Bait 6) and AA + TMA + putrescine (Bait 8) was effective in attracting both male and female flies from 5 to 30 days of age. The pH of all 32 synthetic blends was measured and ranged from 4.77 to 11.35.

Conclusions
According to our observation, the variation in pH may be due to differences in chemical composition between the attractants and food constituents. The pH of protein bait attractants may be an important factor in the attraction efficiency of B. zonata males and females.
Telehealth and cardiometabolic-based chronic disease: optimizing preventive care in forcibly displaced migrant populations
Authors: Nieto-Martínez Ramfis , De Oliveira-Gomes Diana , Gonzalez-Rivas Juan P. , Al-Rousan Tala , Mechanick Jeffrey I. , Danaei Goodarz ,   The Migrants Health Lown Scholar Program Team
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe number of migrants, which includes forcibly displaced refugees, asylum seekers, and undocumented persons, is increasing worldwide. The global migrant population is heterogeneous in terms of medical conditions and vulnerability resulting from non-optimal metabolic risk factors in the country of origin (e.g., abnormal adiposity, dysglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), adverse travel conditions and the resulting stress, poverty, and anxiety, and varying effects of acculturation and access to healthcare services in the country of destination. Therefore, many of these migrants develop a high risk for cardiovascular disease and face the significant challenge of overcoming economic and health system barriers to accessing quality healthcare. In the host countries, healthcare professionals experience difficulties providing care to migrants, including cultural and language barriers, and limited institutional capacities, especially for those with non-legal status. Telehealth is an effective strategy to mitigate cardiometabolic risk factors primarily by promoting healthy lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapeutic adjustments. In this descriptive review, the role of telehealth in preventing the development and progression of cardiometabolic disease is explored with a specific focus on type 2 diabetes and hypertension in forcibly displaced migrants. Until now, there are few studies showing that culturally adapted telehealth services can decrease the burden of T2D and HTN. Despite study limitations, telehealth outcomes are comparable to those of traditional health care with the advantages of having better accessibility for difficult-to-reach populations such as forcibly displaced migrants and reducing healthcare associated costs. More prospective studies implementing telemedicine strategies to treat cardiometabolic disease burden in migrant populations are needed.
Popliteal tendon impingement as a cause of pain following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Finsterwald Michael A. , Lu Victor , Andronic Octavian , Prosser Gareth H. , Yates Piers J. , Jones Christopher W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Popliteal tendon impingement (PTI) is an under-recognized cause of persistent pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of the systematic review was to summarize and outline successful strategies in the diagnosis and management of PTI.

Methods
A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed for four databases: MEDLINE (Pubmed), Ovid EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database. It was registered in the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PROSPERO) under the registration number: CRD42023398723. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the criteria of the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS).

Results
A total of 8 studies were included. There were 2 retrospective case series and 6 case reports. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 30 months. Two studies described PTI as an intraoperative phenomenon during TKA with “snapping”; whilst 6 studies described indications and outcomes for arthroscopic tenotomy for PTI following TKA. In making the diagnosis, there was concurrence that the posterolateral pain should be focal and that dynamic ultrasonography and diagnostic injection play an important role. Two specific clinical tests have been described. There was no consistency regarding the need for imaging. There were no reports of instability following popliteal tendon tenotomy or other complications.

Conclusion
PTI should be suspected as a cause for persistent focal pain at the posterolateral knee following TKA. The diagnosis can be suspected on imaging and should be confirmed with dynamic ultrasonography and an ultrasound-guided diagnostic injection. An arthroscopic complete tenotomy of the tendon can reliably alleviate pain and relies on correct diagnosis. There is no evidence for clinically relevant negative biomechanical consequences following tenotomy.

Level of evidence
Systematic Review of Level IV and V studies.
Real-time service performances of BDS-3 and Galileo constellations with a linear satellite clock correction models
Authors: Li Haojun , Luojie Danzeng , Ding Huimin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to facilitate high-precision and real-time Precise Point Positioning (PPP), the International GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Service (IGS), BDS-3 (BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System), and Galileo navigation satellite system (Galileo) have provided real-time satellite clock correction, which is updated at a high-frequency. However, the frequent updates pose the challenges of increasing the computational burden and compromising the timeliness of these correction parameters. To address this issue, an improved Real-Time Service (RTS) method is developed using an extrapolation algorithm and a linear model. The results indicate that a 1 h arc length of the satellite clock correction series is optimal for fitting a linear model of the RTS. With this approach, the 1 h extrapolation results for BDS-3 and Galileo are superior to 0.09 ns. Moreover, when these model coefficients are transmitted and updated at the intervals of 1, 2, 5, and 10 min, the corresponding PPP can converge at the centimeter-level. It is evident that these improved RTS methods outperform the current approach with high-frequency interval transmission, as they effectively mitigate the challenges associated with maintaining the timeliness of correction parameters.
Synthesis and clinical application of new drugs approved by FDA in 2022
Authors: Zhang Jing-Yi , Wang Ya-Tao , Sun Lu , Wang Sai-Qi , Chen Zhe-Sheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe pharmaceutical industry had a glorious year in 2022, with a total of 37 new drugs including 20 new chemical entities (NCEs) and 17 new biological entities (NBEs) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These drugs are mainly concentrated in oncology, central nervous system, antiinfection, hematology, cardiomyopathy, dermatology, digestive system, ophthalmology, MRI enhancer and other therapeutic fields. Of the 37 drugs, 25 (68%) were approved through an expedited review pathway, and 19 (51%) were approved to treat rare diseases. These newly listed drugs have unique structures and new mechanisms of action, which can serve as lead compounds for designing new drugs with similar biological targets and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to outline the clinical applications and synthetic methods of 19 NCEs newly approved by the FDA in 2022, but excludes contrast agent (Xenon Xe-129). We believe that an in-depth understanding of the synthetic methods of drug molecules will provide innovative and practical inspiration for the development of new, more effective, and practical synthetic techniques. According to the therapeutic areas of these 2022 FDA-approved drugs, we have classified these 19 NCEs into seven categories and will introduce them in the order of their approval for marketing.
Chiral exceptional point and coherent suppression of backscattering in silicon microring with low loss Mie scatterer
Authors: Lee Hwaseob , Kecebas Ali , Wang Feifan , Chang Lorry , Özdemir Sahin K. , Gu Tingyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon-Hermitian systems with their spectral degeneracies known as exceptional points (EPs) have been explored for lasing, controlling light transport, and enhancing a sensor’s response. A ring resonator can be brought to an EP by controlling the coupling between its frequency degenerate clockwise and counterclockwise traveling modes. This has been typically achieved by introducing two or more nanotips into the resonator’s mode volume. While this method provides a route to study EP physics, the basic understanding of how the nanotips’ shape and size symmetry impact the system’s non-Hermicity is missing, along with additional loss from both in-plane and out-of-plane scattering. The limited resonance stability poses a challenge for leveraging EP effects for switches or modulators, which requires stable cavity resonance and fixed laser-cavity detuning. Here we use lithographically defined asymmetric and symmetric Mie scatterers, which enable subwavelength control of wave transmission and reflections without deflecting to additional radiation channels. We show that those pre-defined Mie scatterers can bring the system to an EP without post tuning, as well as enable chiral light transport within the resonator. Counterintuitively, the Mie scatterer results in enhanced quality factor measured on the transmission port, through coherently suppressing the backscattering from the waveguide surface roughness. The proposed device platform enables pre-defined chiral light propagation and backscattering-free resonances, needed for various applications such as frequency combs, solitons, sensing, and other nonlinear optical processes such as photon blockade, and regenerative oscillators.

Graphical Abstract
Real-time monitoring of an endogenous Fgf8a gradient attests to its role as a morphogen during zebrafish gastrulation
Authors: Harish Rohit Krishnan , Gupta Mansi , Zöller Daniela , Hartmann Hella , Gheisari Ali , Machate Anja , Hans Stefan , Brand Michael 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTMorphogen gradients impart positional information to cells in a homogenous tissue field. Fgf8a, a highly conserved growth factor, has been proposed to act as a morphogen during zebrafish gastrulation. However, technical limitations have so far prevented direct visualization of the endogenous Fgf8a gradient and confirmation of its morphogenic activity. Here, we monitor Fgf8a propagation in the developing neural plate using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated EGFP knock-in at the endogenous fgf8a locus. By combining sensitive imaging with single-molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we demonstrate that Fgf8a, which is produced at the embryonic margin, propagates by diffusion through the extracellular space and forms a graded distribution towards the animal pole. Overlaying the Fgf8a gradient curve with expression profiles of its downstream targets determines the precise input-output relationship of Fgf8a-mediated patterning. Manipulation of the extracellular Fgf8a levels alters the signaling outcome, thus establishing Fgf8a as a bona fide morphogen during zebrafish gastrulation. Furthermore, by hindering Fgf8a diffusion, we demonstrate that extracellular diffusion of the protein from the source is crucial for it to achieve its morphogenic potential.
An inducible germ cell ablation chicken model for high-grade germline chimeras
Authors: Chen Yi-Chen , Saito Daisuke , Suzuki Takayuki , Takemoto Tatsuya 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Chicken embryos are a powerful and widely used animal model in developmental biology studies. Since the development of CRISPR technology, gene-edited chickens have been generated by transferring primordial germ cells (PGCs) into recipients after genetic modifications. However, low inheritance caused by competition between host germ cells and the transferred cells is a common complication and greatly reduces production efficiency. Here, we generated a gene-edited chicken, in which germ cells can be ablated in a drug-dependent manner, as recipients for gene-edited PGC transfer. We used the nitroreductase/metronidazole (NTR/Mtz) system for cell ablation, in which nitroreductase produces cytotoxic alkylating agents from administered metronidazole, causing cell apoptosis. The chicken Vasa homolog (CVH) gene locus was used to drive the expression of the nitroreductase gene in a germ cell-specific manner. In addition, a fluorescent protein gene, mCherry, was also placed in the CVH locus to visualize the PGCs. We named this system ‘germ cell-specific autonomous removal induction’ (gSAMURAI). gSAMURAI chickens will be an ideal recipient to produce offspring derived from transplanted exogenous germ cells.
Blood levels of neurofilament light are associated with disease progression in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
Authors: Mengel David , Wellik Isabel G. , Schuster Kristen H. , Jarrah Sabrina I. , Wacker Madeleine , Ashraf Naila S. , Öz Gülin , Synofzik Matthis , Costa Maria do Carmo , McLoughlin Hayley S. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Increased neurofilament light (NfL; NEFL) protein in biofluids is reflective of neurodegeneration and has gained interest as a biomarker across neurodegenerative diseases. In spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), the most common dominantly inherited ataxia, patients exhibit progressive NfL increases in peripheral blood when becoming symptomatic, and NfL remains stably elevated throughout further disease course. However, progressive NfL changes are not yet validated in relevant preclinical SCA3 animal models, hindering its application as a biomarker during therapeutic development. We used ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) to measure blood NfL over disease progression in YACQ84 mice, a model of SCA3, assessing relationships with measures of disease severity including age, CAG repeat size and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. YACQ84 mice exhibited plasma NfL increases that were concomitant with ataxia-related motor deficits as well as increased serum NfL, which correlated with previously established neurometabolite abnormalities, two relevant measures of disease in patients with SCA3. Our findings establish the progression of NfL increases in the preclinical YACQ84 mouse, further supporting the utility of blood NfL as a peripheral neurodegeneration biomarker and informing on coinciding timelines of different measures of SCA3 pathogenesis.
History-dependent muscle resistance to stretch remains high after small, posturally relevant pre-movements
Authors: Horslen Brian C. , Milburn Gregory N. , Blum Kyle P. , Simha Surabhi N. , Campbell Kenneth S. , Ting Lena H. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The contributions of intrinsic muscle fiber resistance during mechanical perturbations to standing and other postural behaviors are unclear. Muscle short-range stiffness is known to vary depending on the current level and history of the muscle's activation, as well as the muscle's recent movement history; this property has been referred to as history dependence or muscle thixotropy. However, we currently lack sufficient data about the degree to which muscle stiffness is modulated across posturally relevant characteristics of muscle stretch and activation. We characterized the history dependence of muscle's resistance to stretch in single, permeabilized, activated, muscle fibers in posturally relevant stretch conditions and activation levels. We used a classic paired muscle stretch paradigm, varying the amplitude of a ‘conditioning’ triangular stretch–shorten cycle followed by a ‘test’ ramp-and-hold imposed after a variable inter-stretch interval. We tested low (&lt;15%), intermediate (15–50%) and high (&gt;50%) muscle fiber activation levels, evaluating short-range stiffness and total impulse in the test stretch. Muscle fiber resistance to stretch remained high at conditioning amplitudes of &lt;1% optimal fiber length, L0, and inter-stretch intervals of &gt;1 s, characteristic of healthy standing postural sway. An ∼70% attenuation of muscle resistance to stretch was reached at conditioning amplitudes of &gt;3% L0 and inter-stretch intervals of &lt;0.1 s, characteristic of larger, faster postural sway in balance-impaired individuals. The thixotropic changes cannot be predicted solely on muscle force at the time of stretch. Consistent with the disruption of muscle cross-bridges, muscle resistance to stretch during behavior can be substantially attenuated if the prior motion is large enough and/or frequent enough.
Novel approaches for assessing acclimatization in birds reveal seasonal changes in peripheral heat exchange and thermoregulatory behaviors
Authors: Zuluaga Juan D. , Danner Raymond M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Using thermography and behavioral analyses, we found that heat exchange and thermoregulatory behaviors changed seasonally in chipping sparrows (Spizella passerina). Studies on seasonal acclimatization in birds have primarily involved metabolic measurements, few of which have investigated behaviors, and none have investigated changes in peripheral heat exchange. We captured chipping sparrows in the winter and summer of 2022 in Wilmington, North Carolina, USA, and we collected thermal images of these birds at 15.0, 27.5 and 40.0°C. We found that heat dissipation through the bill and legs changed seasonally, but surprisingly both were higher in winter than in summer. We found that heat dissipating behaviors were more common in winter, whereas heat conserving behaviors were more common in summer, and that behaviors associated with resource costs (e.g. panting) or predation risk (e.g. bill tucking) showed the most distinct differences between seasons. Meanwhile, low-cost and low-risk postural adjustments (e.g. feather adjustments and tarsus exposure) did not vary as strongly between seasons but followed similar trends. The seasonal adjustments to behaviors suggest that non-acclimatized birds must use costly thermoregulatory behaviors more frequently than acclimatized birds. The use of thermography resulted in the discovery of one completely novel behavior, and the first detection of a known behavior in a new species. Both novel behaviors aided in evaporative heat loss and occurred more commonly in winter, supporting the presence of seasonal acclimatization as evidenced by behavioral adjustments. These results provide novel insights into the process of acclimatization and suggest a role for behavioral adjustments in seasonal acclimatization.
Cardiorespiratory physiology and swimming capacity of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at cold temperatures
Authors: Porter Emma S. , Gamperl A. Kurt 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigated how acclimation to 8, 4 and 1°C, and acute cooling from 8 to 1°C, affected the Atlantic salmon's aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, and cardiac function, during a critical swim speed (Ucrit) test. This study revealed several interesting temperature-dependent effects. First, while differences in resting heart rate (fH) between groups were predictable based on previous research (range ∼28–65 beats  min−1), with values for 1°C-acclimated fish slightly higher than those of acutely exposed conspecifics, the resting cardiac output () of 1°C-acclimated fish was much lower and compensated for by a higher resting blood oxygen extraction (ṀO2/). In contrast, the acutely exposed fish had a ∼2-fold greater resting stroke volume (VS) compared with that of the other groups. Second, increases in fH (1.2- to 1.4-fold) contributed little to during the Ucrit test, and the contributions of (VS) versus ṀO2/ to aerobic scope (AS) were very different in the two groups tested at 1°C (1°C-acclimated and 8–1°C fish). Finally, Ucrit was 2.08 and 1.69 body lengths (BL) s−1 in the 8 and 4°C-acclimated groups, but only 1.27 and 1.44 BL s−1 in the 1°C-acclimated and 8–1°C fish, respectively – this lower value in 1°C versus 8–1°C fish despite higher values for maximum metabolic rate and AS. These data: support recent studies which suggest that the capacity to increase fH is constrained at low temperatures; show that cardiorespiratory function at cold temperatures, and its response to increased demands, depends on exposure duration; and suggest that AS does not constrain swimming capacity in salmon when chronically exposed to temperatures approaching their lower limit.
Comparison of acoustic particle acceleration detection capabilities in three shark species
Authors: Nieder Carolin , Gibbs Brendan J. , Rapson Jimmy , McLay Jessica , Montgomery John C. , Radford Craig A. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBehavioural studies have shown that sharks are capable of directional orientation to sound. However, only one previous experiment addresses the physiological mechanisms of directional hearing in sharks. Here, we used a directional shaker table in combination with the auditory evoked potential (AEP) technique to understand the broadscale directional hearing capabilities in the New Zealand carpet shark (Cephaloscyllium isabellum), rig shark (Mustelus lenticulatus) and school shark (Galeorhinus galeus). The aim of this experiment was to test if sharks are more sensitive to vertical (z-axis) or head-to-tail (x-axis) accelerations, and whether there are any differences between species. Our results support previous findings, suggesting that shark ears can receive sounds from all directions. Acceleration detection bandwidth was narrowest for the carpet shark (40–200 Hz), and broader for rig and school sharks (40–800 Hz). Greatest sensitivity bands were 40–80 Hz for the carpet shark, 100–200 Hz for the rig and 80–100 Hz for the school shark. Our results indicate that there may be differences in directional hearing abilities among sharks. The bottom-dwelling carpet shark was equally sensitive to vertical and head-to-tail particle accelerations. In contrast, both benthopelagic rig and school sharks appeared to be more sensitive to vertical accelerations at frequencies up to 200 Hz. This is the first study to provide physiological evidence that sharks may differ in their directional hearing and sound localisation abilities. Further comparative physiological and behavioural studies in more species with different lifestyles, habitats and feeding strategies are needed to further explore the drivers for increased sensitivity to vertical accelerations among elasmobranchs.