bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caracterización de los líderes sociales en Colombia
Authors: López Sanabria Jhon Jairo , Botia Gómez Luis Arnol Andrés , Caicedo Aragón Jhon Edward , Pérez Pertuz Johemir Jesús 
Published: March 2023

El objeto de estudio de la presente investigación refiere la actual problemática del homicidio de líderes sociales en virtud que se siguen presentando hechos de violencia en contra de los mismos dada su labor al interior de sus comunidades, teniendo como propósitos diagnosticar, caracterizar y comprender el fenómeno criminal desde una perspectiva histórica y criminal desde la visión institucional y organismos de vigilancia de los derechos humanos que están en Colombia como garante de la libertad. La metodología abordada es de carácter mixta, mediante la obtención de datos que conlleven a la caracterización de los líderes sociales por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, grupos focales con una muestra de 311 participantes.
Los resultados obtenidos permitieron afirmar que, en la labor del líder social, el liderazgo se destaca como un elemento esencial en cada comunidad, toda vez que oficia como un delegado de las instituciones estatales en la tarea de generar estrategias en la protección de los líderes. Adicionalmente, haber profundizado el estudio de los diferentes tipos de liderazgo, ejercido en las diferentes comunidades en el territorio nacional, y su consecuente impacto en los procesos en la defensa de los derechos humanos de los territorios mediante las prácticas del trabajo comunitario, permitió establecer la relación íntima que se dá entre el líder, su liderazgo y su quehacer rutinario en la comunidad.
Modelo matemático de optimización alimenticia para la eficiencia productiva del ganado vacuno en el Ecuador
Authors: Gonzabay Chiriguay Bryan Welington 
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo de investigación fue posible optimizar los recursos destinados a la alimentación del ganado en producción de leche de la ganadería NICVANA, mediante un modelo de programación lineal que fue implementado en Solver Excel 2010 que ayudó al administrador de la ganadería en la toma de decisiones a nivel nutricional, se compararon dos escenarios, constituidos, por el sistema optimizado y no optimizado, los datos de salida que proporcionó el modelo garantizo una alimentación diaria en la que se cubrieron los requerimientos mínimos de consumo de materia seca, y de energía, además, optimizó los costos por alimentación, obteniéndose un ahorro significativo, que incrementó la rentabilidad del negocio, de esta manera se demostró que el negocio estaba experimentando pérdidas a causa de una práctica no sistemática en el manejo de los recursos de la empresa destinados a la nutrición de los animales.
Programa didáctico basado en la andragogía para desarrollar la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes
Authors: Briceño Rodríguez Elmer Eliseo , Gutiérrez Quiroz Mirian Angélica , Flores Piñas Haydee , Rivera Carhuancho Hilda , Sanchez Lume Melissa 
Published: March 2023

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia del programa didáctico inglés para adultos (EFORADU) basado en la andragogía en el desarrollo de la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés de los estudiantes de un programa de doctorado. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada, y método experimental de nivel explicativo, el diseño fue cuasi experimental con dos grupos equivalentes. la muestra estuvo conformada 24 estudiantes. Se desarrolló un programa de 20 sesiones de aprendizaje con el grupo experimental. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la evaluación para ambos grupos una prueba pretest y prueba postest. Se aplicó un examen de conocimiento a los estudiantes del grupo experimental. La hipótesis fue probada utilizando el estadístico de la T de Student para muestras independientes, mediante el programa SPSS versión 24. Se concluye que el programa didáctico EFORADU basado en la andragogía influye significativamente en el desarrollo de la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes.
The PEPSI Exoplanet Transit Survey (PETS). II. A Deep Search for Thermal Inversion Agents in KELT-20 b/MASCARA-2 b with Emission and Transmission Spectroscopy*
Authors: Johnson Marshall C. , Wang 吉 Ji 王 , Asnodkar Anusha Pai , Bonomo Aldo S. , Gaudi B. Scott , Henning Thomas , Ilyin Ilya , Keles Engin , Malavolta Luca , Mallonn Matthias , Molaverdikhani Karan , Nascimbeni Valerio , Patience Jennifer , Poppenhaeger Katja , Scandariato Gaetano , Schlawin Everett , Shkolnik Evgenya , Sicilia Daniela , Sozzetti Alessandro , Strassmeier Klaus G. , Veillet Christian , Yan Fei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recent observations have shown that the atmospheres of ultrahot Jupiters (UHJs) commonly possess temperature inversions, where the temperature increases with increasing altitude. Nonetheless, which opacity sources are responsible for the presence of these inversions remains largely observationally unconstrained. We used LBT/PEPSI to observe the atmosphere of the UHJ KELT-20 b in both transmission and emission in order to search for molecular agents which could be responsible for the temperature inversion. We validate our methodology by confirming a previous detection of Fe i in emission at 16.9σ. Our search for the inversion agents TiO, VO, FeH, and CaH results in non-detections. Using injection-recovery testing we set 4σ upper limits upon the volume mixing ratios for these constituents as low as ∼1 × 10−9 for TiO. For TiO, VO, and CaH, our limits are much lower than expectations from an equilibrium chemical model, while we cannot set constraining limits on FeH with our data. We thus rule out TiO and CaH as the source of the temperature inversion in KELT-20 b, and VO only if the line lists are sufficiently accurate.
Drift Performance and Chromatic Thermal Response of a Temperature Stabilized Solid-etalon Calibrator
Authors: Tang Liang , Hao Zhibo , Ye Huiqi , Zhai Yang , Zhang Kai , Xiao Dong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Etalon-based calibrators have rapidly gained popularity over the past decade in the field of high-precision radial velocity and high-resolution spectroscopy studies. Solid etalons are compact, pressure insensitive, commercially available alternatives to customized air spaced Fabry–Perot etalons. For tight-budget projects and weight-constricted missions, calibration system built from solid etalon is an interesting option to explore. For those, achievable spectral stability becomes the biggest question due to increased thermal sensitivity of the cavity material. Here, the design and performance of a low-cost solid-etalon calibrator is presented. A dual-loop temperature control system keeps the temperature fluctuations to within 1 mK rms when fully stabilized. Drift performance was tracked simultaneously with a laser frequency comb and the chromatic thermal response is measured through temperature tuning. The results indicate that a thermally controlled solid-etalon system can demonstrate sufficient short-term stability (<1 m s−1) for precise wavelength calibration in combination with a hollow-cathode lamp, and the measured drift and chromatic thermal response agree with theoretical predictions. Such systems are plausible candidates for cost-effective calibration of m s−1 level precision radial velocity instruments with improvement in thermal isolation, optimization in data processing, and long-term testing in the foreseeable future.
Accumulating Errors in Tests of General Relativity with Gravitational Waves: Overlapping Signals and Inaccurate Waveforms
Authors: Hu Qian , Veitch John 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences provide powerful tests of general relativity (GR), but systematic errors in data analysis could lead to incorrect scientific conclusions. This issue is especially serious in the third-generation GW detectors in which the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is high and the number of detections is large. In this work, we investigate the impacts of overlapping signals and inaccurate waveform models on tests of GR. We simulate mock catalogs for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer and perform parametric tests of GR using waveform models with different levels of inaccuracy. We find that the systematic error in non-GR parameter estimates could accumulate toward a false deviation from GR when combining results from multiple events, although a Bayesian model selection analysis may not favor a deviation. Waveform inaccuracies contribute most to the systematic errors, but multiple overlapping signals could magnify the effects of systematics owing to the incorrect removal of signals. We also point out that testing GR using selected “golden binaries” with high S/N is even more vulnerable to false deviations from GR. The problem of error accumulation is universal; we emphasize that it must be addressed to fully exploit the data from third-generation GW detectors and that further investigations, particularly in waveform accuracy, will be essential.
Teaching trans studies through fan fiction in college English classrooms
Authors: Wu Peizhen 
Published: March 2023

Trans studies has usually been taught within gender studies and women's studies programs. Yet, as trans studies has become highly interdisciplinary, trans awareness is still an issue in many fields; thus, incorporating trans discussions in courses in multiple disciplines is imperative. This study demonstrates how the firsthand teaching experience of a student-centered, literary-theory-related undergraduate course unit given by the English department incorporated trans studies through fan fiction. Particularly, we utilized the theoretical concept of nonbinary genders and its resistance to the heteronormative and heteropatriarchal system via a study of Loki's gender fluidity in the Loki miniseries, some exemplary transgender fan fiction, and the Omegaverse. Fandoms and fan fiction can be valuable course materials to create a comfortable space for students from different backgrounds to actively engage, discuss, and think critically about trans topics and trans theories. In this sense, this course unit explores the possibility of teaching trans studies beyond gender studies classrooms as well as courses focusing primarily on trans studies, encouraging more students to understand trans concepts and become trans allies.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Peripheral Blood Tests of COVID-19 and Influenza B Patients
Authors: Yu Shan 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT.
This study aimed to investigate the differences in clinical features and routine peripheral blood testing between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and influenza B infection. Patients with COVID-19 and influenza B admitted to our fever clinic from January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022 were recruited. A total of 607 patients were included (301 with COVID-19 infection and 306 with influenza B infection). The results of a statistical analysis showed that 1) patients with COVID-19 infection were older and had a lower temperature and shorter duration from fever onset to clinic visit than patients with influenza B infection; 2) apart from fever, viral infection symptoms appeared to be more common in patients with influenza B infection than in patients with COVID-19 infection, including sore throat, cough, muscle aches, weeping, headache, fatigue, and diarrhea (P < 0.001); and 3) compared with patients with influenza B infection, patients with COVID-19 infection had higher numbers of white blood cells and neutrophils but lower numbers of red blood cells and lymphocytes (P < 0.001). In summary, several important differences were identified between COVID-19 and influenza B, which may help to guide clinicians in their initial diagnosis of these two respiratory viral infections.
Consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e o risco de mortalidade: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Krüger Peres Kathleen , Câmara Rocha Menezes Rafaella , Caroline Cristofoli Bertoletti Anna , Rosa da Mata Isabella , Morelo Dal Bosco Simone 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objectives: Ultra-processed foods are determined by the level of processing. There has been a relationship between their consumption and several risk factors for diseases related to these foods, such as cardiovascular disease. These factors can corroborate the illness and increase the risk of mortality of the adult population. The objective of this systematic review was to verify the contribution of the consumption of ultra-processed foods to the risk of mortality. Methods: Through PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, scientific databases, studies that examine the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the risk of mortality up to February 2021 were systematically researched. Results and Conclusion: Evidence analysis was performed using robust tools to assess the risk of bias and methodological quality. A total of five studies were included. The consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with a higher risk of mortality from all causes, proportional to their consumption (in the largest quartiles of consumption, greater risks were found).
Associação entre o perfil nutricional, via de alimentação e sintomas gastrointestinais de pacientes hospitalizados em cuidados paliativos
Authors: Miranda Letícia Karolyne , Perussi Carizani Rossi Gabriela 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar os sintomas gastrointestinais de pacientes hospitalizados em cuidados paliativos e relacionar ao estado nutricional e a via de alimentação utilizada. Método: Foram coletados dos prontuários dos pacientes, os dados demográficos, dados do estado nutricional, a via de alimentação e os sintomas gastrointestinais apresentados. Resultado: No total foram avaliados 44 prontuários de pacientes internados sob cuidados paliativos, no período de março a junho de 2021. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 69,91 anos, destes, 52,27% eram do sexo feminino e 47,73% do sexo masculino. Em relação a classificação do estado nutricional, segundo o IMC, a maior incidência foi de pacientes com baixo peso (43,18%), seguida de eutróficos (36,36%). Quanto à terapia nutricional, 50% estavam recebendo alimentação via enteral e 29,55%, alimentavam-se pela via oral e cerca de 20,45% recebiam alimentação por via enteral associada à oral. Entre os sintomas gastrointestinais, as maiores incidências foram constipação (54,55%), anorexia (36,36%), diarreia (27,27%) e vômito (18,18%). Não houve associação significativa entre o estado nutricional e as manifestações gastrointestinais apresentadas. Houve associação significativa entre os sintomas e a via de alimentação, como a ausência de vômito (p = 0,0023), náusea (p= 0,0468) e hiporexia (p= 0,0113) e menor incidência de anorexia (p= 0,0003) em pacientes com alimentação por via enteral exclusiva. Conclusão: a presença de sintomas adversos devido as medicações utilizadas e progressão da doença, associadas ao estado nutricional é comum nessa população e há necessidade de novas pesquisas que possam contribuir para otimização das condutas dietoterápicas.

Palavras-chave: Cuidados paliativos. Estado nutricional. Terapia nutricional.
The Gender Bias within Investors; an opportunity cost of $4 trillion
Authors: Malu Nivedita , Castaneda Alba 
Published: March 2023

Estimates suggest that $28 trillion could be added to the global GDP/year by 2025 if women play a significant role in businesses. This study focuses on the reasons hindering this phenomenon, while investigating the gender bias within investors, it’s potential impacts, and possible solutions and reforms. The study found that women are disadvantaged due to psychological and cognitive aspects of an individual's behavior. Including different biases, and differences in questioning processes relative to gender which stems from cognitive aspects such as gender stereotypes. The study has concluded that breaking the gender bias requires 3 steps. The first of which requires every investor to be educated about invalid stereotypes influencing their decisions while also being encouraged to break them down. Secondly, there is a requirement for an increase in female investors to mentor and provide women with the necessary tools. Lastly, the pitch process is in urgent need of reformation, whether it is to allocate funds that are categorized according to gender or to remove the pitch in its entirety.
SUITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL APPLE VARIETIES ON DWARF ROOTSTOCKS FOR GROWING ACCORDING TO DENSIFIED PATTERNS
Authors: LEONOVICH I. S. , KAPICHNIKOVA N. G. 
Published: March 2023

In order to assess the suitability of apple varieties that differ in the type of fruiting and genetic potential for productivity
of apple varieties on dwarf rootstocks for growing according to densified patterns and to identify the optimal placement
pattern for each scion-rootstock combination in the experimental orchard of RUE “Institute of Fruit Growing”, an orchard
was planted with annual seedlings of three commercial varieties on dwarf rootstocks: Belorusskoe Sladkoe on M-9 and PB-4,
Imant on 62-396 and PB-4, Nadzejny on 62-396, M-9 and PB-4 in the spring of 2010. Planting schemes for all scion-rootstock
combinations are 3.5 × 1.5 m (1904 trees/ha) and 3.5 × 1.0 m (2857 trees/ha). The full realization of the productivity potential of varieties was ensured by denser placement of trees according to the planting pattern of 3.5 × 1.0 m (2857 trees/ha) and dwarf rootstock 62-396 – for Imant and Nadzejny varieties, dwarf rootstock M-9 – for Belorusskoe Sladkoe and Nadzejny varieties. Rootstock PB-4 did not solve the problems of intensive commercial fruit growing.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HAZELNUT PLANTS IN VARIOUS STRUCTURES OF PLANTATIONS BEFORE FRUITTING
Authors: LEONOVICH I. S. , KAPICHNIKOVA N. G. , BUDILOVICH K. A. , BUIMISTROVA A. V. 
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of research, conducted in 2020–2021 in the commercial hazelnut garden planted in 2018 by LLC “Vyazovetsky Sad”, Molodechno district, Minsk region. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the growth and development of young hazelnut plants of the Barcelona and Catalan varieties planted according to two schemes placement – 5.0 × 3.5 m (570 plants/ha) and 5.0 × 3.0 m (666 plants/ha). Biometric parameters of plant growth and development depending on the placement pattern which are height, canopy width along the row and canopy width across the row, area of the horizontal projection of the canopy, leaf surface area – in the Barcelona and Catalan varieties from the third or fourth year after planting the garden did not vary considerably, but differed reliably depending on the biological characteristics of the varieties themselves.
The Catalan variety has turned out to be more productive, the total yield of which, with a placement scheme of 5.0 ×
3.5 m, reached 1.57 c/ha, that is 14.5 % higher than the yield of the Barcelona variety (1.37 c/ha), and with the placement
scheme 5.0 × 3.0 m reached 2.13 c/ha, or 47.9 % higher than the yield of the Barcelona variety (1.44 c/ha).
IMPACT OF FORMING TECHNIQUES OF TWO-YEAR SEEDLINGS OF COLUMNAR APPLE TREE VARIETIES ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT RATES
Authors: GRUSHEVA T. P. , LEVSHUNOV V. A. , SAMUS V. A. , GANUSENKO M. Y. 
Published: March 2023

The studies were carried out in 2019–2021 in the Department of nursery stock of RUE “Institute of Fruit Growing”. The article reflects the results of studying the biological characteristics of growth, development and formation of vegetative and reproductive structures of various types of seedlings of columnar apple varieties. For the first time in the conditions found in Belarus the biological features of the growth, development and formation of vegetative and reproductive structures of various types of seedlings of columnar apple varieties have been set out.
An effective method of limiting the growth force of shoots of columnar apple varieties and stimulating the laying of fruit
buds is the use of the Regalis growth regulator: once for the Girlyanda and Sozvezdie varieties, twice for the Valuta variety.
When the substance is applied, the growth length, depending on the variety, is 41.2–69.1 % less, and the height of the seedling is 8–21.3 % less compared to the variant without treatment.
ANTROPIC PRINCIPLE OF COGNITION OF THE UNIVERSE
Authors: MATVEEV V. A. 
Published: March 2023

The article proposes an alternative view of the theory of the Big Bang, which served as the initial point for the formation of the Universe. The anthropic hypothesis sees our universe as a single electromagnetic entity, consistently realizing itself at seven stages of evolution.
1. The germ (Genome) of the universe, which is represented by a scalar value (field) in the form of a noumenal (hypothetical) electromagnetic dipole, that is in a state of cosmological singularity.
2. The spatial environment of “dark energy” in the form of a chaos of a volumetric web of point sources of electric charges and magnetic lines of force, which should not be associated with electrons and positrons of electricity familiar to our ear and the north and south poles of a magnet.
3. The spatial environment of “dark matter” (ether) in the form of a three-dimensional web of negatively and positively charged magnetic monopoles.
4. The physical Universe in the form of photon (electromagnetic) gratings - fluctuations, black holes and stars of galaxies that we observe, as well as objects of knowledge in our solar system and directly on Earth.
5. Psychic (Intellectual) Universe in the form of a single consciousness / mind continuum, which physically manifests itself
as Ego – I.
6–7. Currently with our imperfect mind Ego – I we can hardly realize the subsequent stages of the evolution of the consciousness / mind continuum, but the anthropic hypothesis suggests that humanity, as well as every human being that is
aware of himself as a creative individual, is able to foresee possible options for the development of our civilization up to the
intuitive (holistic) perception of the single essence of the universe and the subsequent formation of the germ (Genome), which
ensures its subsequent life cycle.
Manajemen Kepala Madrasah; Studi Evaluatif Di Sekolah MAN 3 Kabupaten Bungo
Authors: Haidir Haidir 
Published: March 2023

Berpijak dari latar belakang diatas pembahasan ini mengungkapkan dua permasalahan, yaitu pertama secara umum manajemen Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Bungo sudah sesuai standar manajemen sekolah menengah pertama. Kedua, secara khusus manajemen Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Bungo dengan standar kesiswaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat sejauh mana tentang manajemen kesiswaan yang ada di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Bungo dalam rangka meningkatkan keaktipan siswa.
Penelitian ini merupakan tindakan observasi pengamatan yang dilakukan selama tujuh kali observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen kesiswaan terhadap keaktifan siswa kurang berminat tetapi dengan model kekeluargaan dengan bersama-sama ada peningkatan terbukti kegiatan kesiswaan berjalan dengan baik. Subjek yang akan dilakukan berkaitan dengan kegiatan kesiswaan dalam memenuhi manajemen kesiswaan kemudian jenis penelitian menggunakan kuisioner serta wawancara. Dalam penelitian ini teknik yang digunakan dari hasil analisa pengamatan, wawancara maupun dari hasil pemeriksaan dokumentasi kemudian dideskrifsikan untuk mendapat keadaan nyata tentang hasil penelitian dalam kegiataan kesiswaan.