bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between family adversity and youth mental health outcomes
Authors: Somefun Oluwaseyi , Theron Linda , Ungar Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between family adversity and young people's mental health outcomes in communities that experience economic instability has not been well explored in the South African context. Furthermore, the overtime interaction between resilience factors, family adversity, and young people's psychological functioning in African settings, like South Africa, is under‐investigated.PurposeThis study investigates the relationship between family adversity and conduct problems and depression at two‐time points in a sample of youths in two South African communities stressed by their dependency on economically volatile oil and gas industries.MethodThis article draws on longitudinal data generated by the Resilient Youth in Stressed Environments (RYSE) study in South Africa, which included 914 and 528 (wave 1 and 3) adolescents and emerging adults (14–27‐year‐olds; M age = 18.36 years) living in Secunda/eMbalenhle and Sasolburg/Zamdela. Participants were sampled at baseline (wave 1) and 18–24 months later (wave 3). They self‐reported experience of community violence, family adversity, resilience‐enabling resources, conduct difficulties, and depression symptoms. Regression analyses were used to examine the unadjusted and adjusted association of family adversity on conduct problem and depression.ResultsAbout 60% of participants reported high family adversity. Regressions, however, revealed no association between family adversity and conduct problems and depression cross‐sectionally and over time. Individual resilience, biological sex, and experience of victimization in the community, however, were associated with conduct difficulty while all three resilience factors were associated with decreased depression among participants.ConclusionOur study sheds light on the risk and protective factors for mental health outcomes of adolescents and youths who reside in volatile, turbulent communities and experience ongoing familial challenges. To effectively support the mental well‐being of young individuals in such contexts, interventions must consider the potential ambivalence of the resilience factors they aim to strengthen.
Repatriation tax and dividend policy
Authors: Douidar Shaddy , Sutton Ninon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of the repatriation tax provision of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) on firms’ dividend policy. Our findings show that the firms most affected by the repatriation tax provision, that is, those with high foreign sales, reward shareholders by substantially increasing dividends per share, but maintain aggregate dollar dividends. Dividend per share (DPS) increasing firms repurchase at significantly higher magnitudes than non‐dividend per share increasing firms, suggesting that DPS increasing firms partially utilize repurchases to avoid substantial increases in their long‐term aggregate dividend commitments. We also investigate whether managers reap the rewards of dividend increases, finding that firms with high levels of executive ownership and foreign sales are more likely to increase their dividends per share after the TCJA was enforced. Overall, our results highlight the importance of the interconnection between dividends and repurchases in examining the response of firm payout policy to external shocks.
The selection of control variables in capital structure research with machine learning
Authors: Bilgin Rumeysa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe previous literature on capital structure has produced plenty of potential determinants of leverage over the last decades. However, their research models usually cover only a restricted number of explanatory variables, and many suffer from omitted variable bias. This study contributes to the literature by advocating a sound approach to selecting the control variables for empirical capital structure studies. We applied linear LASSO inference approaches to evaluate the marginal contributions of three proposed determinants; cash holdings, non‐debt tax shield, and current ratio. While some studies did not use these variables in their models, others obtained contradictory results. Our findings have revealed that cash holdings, current ratio, and non‐debt tax shield are crucial factors that substantially affect the leverage decisions of firms and should be controlled in empirical capital structure studies.
Unveiling the atomic‐electronegativity‐dependent ESIPT behavior for 4′‐dimethylamino‐flavonol chemosensor
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Wang Xiao , Zhao Jinfeng , Jin Bing , Yang Yunfan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveA theoretical atomic‐electronegativity‐controlled photo‐induced hydrogen bonding interactions and intramolecular proton transfer mechanism is presented for 4’‐dimethylamino‐flavonol derivatives.MethodsDensity functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory are applied to explore all the electronic properties coupling with B3LYP functional as well as TZVP basis set.ResultsPhoto‐induced hydrogen bonding enhancing promotes the ESIPT behavior for 4’‐dimethylamino‐flavonol derivatives, which could be affected by atomic electronegativity.ConclusionHydrogen bonding strengthening coupling with intramolecular charge transfer reveal the ESIPT tendency, which could be regulated by substituted atomic electronegativities for 4DF derivatives.
Distinguishing metal halide molecular clusters from perovskite magic sized clusters in the synthesis of metal halide perovskite nanostructures
Authors: Zeitz David C. , Win Allison A. , Zhang Jin Z. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch into perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) has uncovered interesting properties compared to their bulk counterparts, including tunable optical properties due to size‐dependent quantum confinement effect (QCE). More recently, smaller PNCs with even stronger QCE have been discovered, such as perovskite magic sized clusters (PMSCs) and ligand passivated PbX2 metal halide molecular clusters (MHMCs) analogous to perovskites.ObjectiveThis review aims to present recent data comparing and contrasting the optical and structural properties of PQDs, PMSCs, and MHMCs, where CsPbBr3 PQDs have first excitonic absorption around 520 nm, the corresponding PMSCS have absorption around 420 nm, and ligand passivated MHMCs absorb around 400 nm.ResultsCompared to normal perovskite quantum dots (PQDs), these clusters exhibit both a much bluer optical absorption and emission and larger surface‐to‐volume (S/V) ratio. Due to their larger S/V ratio, the clusters tend to have more surface defects that require more effective passivation for stability.ConclusionRecent study of novel clusters has led to better understanding of their properties. The sharper optical bands of clusters indicate relatively narrow or single size distribution, which, in conjunction with their blue absorption and emission, makes them potentially attractive for applications in fields such as blue single photon emission.
SARS‐CoV‐2 spike codon mutations and risk of hospitalization after antispike monoclonal antibody therapy in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Yetmar Zachary A. , Yao Joseph D. , Razonable Raymund R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeutralizing antispike monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies were highly efficacious in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) hospitalization. While severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variants may harbor spike protein mutations conferring reduced in vitro susceptibility to these antibodies, the effect of these mutations on clinical outcomes is not well characterized. We conducted a case–control study of solid organ transplant recipients who received an antispike mAb for treatment of mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 and had an available sample from initial COVID‐19 diagnosis for genotypic sequencing. Patients whose SARS‐CoV‐2 isolate had at least one spike codon mutation conferring at least fivefold decreased in vitro susceptibility were classified as resistant. Overall, 9 of 41 patients (22%) had at least one spike codon mutation that confers reduced susceptibility to the antispike mAb used for treatment. Specifically, 9 of 12 patients who received sotrovimab had S371L mutation that was predicted to confer a 9.7‐fold reduced susceptibility. However, among 22 patients who required hospitalization, 5 had virus with resistance mutation. In contrast, among 19 control patients who did not require hospitalization, 4 also had virus‐containing resistance mutations (p > 0.99). In conclusion, spike codon mutations were common, though mutations that conferred a 9.7‐fold reduced susceptibility did not predict subsequent hospitalization after treatment with antispike mAb.
ER‐phagy in neurodegeneration
Authors: Hill Melissa A. , Sykes Alex M. , Mellick George D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere are many cellular mechanisms implicated in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. However, age and the accumulation of unwanted cellular products are a common theme underlying many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Niemann–Pick type C. Autophagy has been studied extensively in these diseases and various genetic risk factors have implicated disruption in autophagy homoeostasis as a major pathogenic mechanism. Autophagy is essential in the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis, as their postmitotic nature makes them particularly susceptible to the damage caused by accumulation of defective or misfolded proteins, disease‐prone aggregates, and damaged organelles. Recently, autophagy of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER‐phagy) has been identified as a novel cellular mechanism for regulating ER morphology and response to cellular stress. As neurodegenerative diseases are generally precipitated by cellular stressors such as protein accumulation and environmental toxin exposure the role of ER‐phagy has begun to be investigated. In this review we discuss the current research in ER‐phagy and its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases.
Hydroxyapatite: An antibiotic recruiting moiety for local treatment and prevention of bone infections
Authors: Sebastian Sujeesh , Huang Jintian , Liu Yang , Tandberg Felix , Collin Mattias , Puthia Manoj , Raina Deepak Bushan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTreatment of chronic osteomyelitis by radical debridement and filling of the dead space with antibiotic containing calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) bone substitute has shown excellent long‐term outcomes. However, in extensive infections, sessile bacteria may remain in bone cells or soft tissues protected by biofilm leading to recurrences. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate if systemically administrated tetracycline (TET) could bind to pre‐implanted HA particles and impart an antibacterial effect locally. In vitro studies indicated that the binding of TET to nano‐ and micro‐sized HA particles was rapid and plateaued already at 1 h. Since protein passivation of HA after in‐vivo implantation could affect HA–TET interaction, we investigated the effect of serum exposure on HA–TET binding in an antibacterial assay. Although, serum exposure reduced the zone of inhibition (ZOI) of Staphylococcus aureus, a significant ZOI could still be observed after pre‐incubation of HA with serum. We could in addition show that zoledronic acid (ZA) competes for the same binding sites as TET and that exposure to high doses of ZA led to reduced TET–HA binding. In an in‐vivo setting, we then confirmed that systemically administered TET seeks HA particles that were pre‐implanted in muscle and subcutaneous pouches in rats and mice respectively, preventing HA particles from being colonized by S. aureus. Clinical Significance: This study describes a new drug delivery method that could prevent bacterial colonization of a HA biomaterial and reduce recurrences in bone infection.
Altered expression of MZB1 in periodontitis: A possible link to disease pathogenesis
Authors: Sunnetci‐Akkoyunlu Deniz , Guzeldemir‐Akcakanat Esra , Alkan Begum , Gurel Busra , Balta‐Uysal V. Merve , Akgun Emel , Baykal Ahmet Tarik , Olgac Vakur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOur previous study explored the molecular signatures of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) using gingival tissues through omics‐based‐whole‐genome transcriptomic analysis. This continuation study aimed to investigate the whole protein profiling of these gingival samples through liquid chromatography‐mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy (LC‐MS/MS) analysis and to validate the identified proteins through immunohistochemistry to provide further evidence for the quality of the results.MethodsIn previous study, gene expression patterns were identified in gingival tissues from 23 GAgP and 25 control individuals. In the current study, comparative proteomic analysis was performed on isolated proteins from the same study groups using LC‐MS/MS analysis. The data from the transcriptomics study published before and the proteomics data were integrated to reveal any common genes and proteins. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to further investigate the findings.ResultsThe most upregulated proteins in patients compared to controls were ITGAM, AZU1, MMP9, BPI, UGGG1, MZB1, TRFL, PDIA6, PRDX4, and PLG. The top six pathways associated with these proteins were involved in innate immune system, post‐translational protein phosphorylation, interleukin‐4 and ‐13 signaling, toll‐like receptors cascades, and extracellular matrix organization. Based on the integration and validation analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics data, as well as immunohistochemical analysis, MZB1 was identified as a shared gene and protein that were upregulated in the patients.ConclusionsMZB1 is a protein that is involved in the development of B cells and the production of antibodies. Its upregulation in periodontitis suggests that there may be a dysregulation of the immune response in this condition, and MZB1 may be a potent biomarker for periodontitis.
Role of POU1F1 promoting the properties of stemness of gastric carcinoma through ENO1‐mediated glycolysis reprogramming
Authors: Tang Cheng , Zhang Hui , Deng Wen‐Sheng , Xiong Ling‐Qiang , Zhou Li‐Qiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs), a rare subset of tumor cells, have been recognized as promotive role on tumor initiation and propagation. Among, aerobic glycolysis, widely clarified in multiple tumor cells, is the key for maintaining cancer stemness. Regrettably, it is largely unknown about the connection of cellular metabolic reprogramming and stemness in gastric carcinoma (GC). Two GC parental cells lines PAMC‐82 and SNU‐16 and their spheroids were obtained to determine the expression status of POU1F1 using quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and western blotting analysis, respectively. Gain or loss‐of‐function assay was employed to assess its biological effects. Sphere formation and transwell assays were performed to evaluate the stem cell‐like traits, including self‐renewal capacity, migration and invasion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were conducted for determining the binding relationship of POU1F1 on ENO1 promoter region. Herein, aberrantly upregulated POU1F1 was observed in spheroids, compared with the parental PAMC‐82 and SNU‐16 cells, which promoted stem cell‐like traits, as representing increasing sphere formation, enhanced cell migration and invasion. Additionally, POU1F1 expression was positively with glycolytic signaling, as displaying increasing glucose consumption, lactic acid production, and extracellular acid ratio (ECAR). Furthermore, POU1F1 was identified to be a transcriptional activator of ENO1, of which overexpression remarkably abolished POU1F1 knockdown‐mediated blocking effects. Taken together, we draw a conclusion that POU1F1 facilitated the stem cell‐like properties of GC cells through transcriptionally augmenting ENO1 to enhance glycolysis.
Evaluating the Need for Intensive Care Admission After Supraglottoplasty for Severe Laryngomalacia
Authors: Gagnon Carolanne , Bérubé Simon , Sauthier Michaël , Rouillard‐Bazinet Noémie , Bergeron Mathieu 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivePostoperative airway concerns persist despite a low rate of post‐supraglottoplasty complications for children with laryngomalacia. The objective of this study is to determine the factors associated with the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission following supraglottoplasty.MethodsA 7‐year retrospective cohort analysis was conducted between 2014 and 2021. A patient requiring ICU level of care was defined as the use of respiratory support such as intubation, positive pressure ventilation, high‐flow nasal cannula, or multiple doses of nebulized epinephrine.ResultsAbout 134 medical charts were reviewed; 12 patients were excluded because of concurrent surgery. Age at the time of surgery was 2.8 (4.3) months (median [interquartile range]). About 33 (27.0%) ultimately required ICU‐level care. Prematurity (odds ratio [OR] 13.8), neurological condition (OR ∞), American Society of Anesthesiology class 3–4 (OR 6.5), and younger age (OR 1.8) were more likely to require ICU admission. No patient above 10 months of age needed ICU monitoring. The use of respiratory support justifying ICU was known within the first 4 h after surgery for almost all (32/33, 97%) of these patients. 4/33 (12.1%) were kept intubated and the remaining needed non‐invasive ventilation. Only one patient (1/122, 0.8%) was reintubated 12 h after surgery for progressive respiratory distress.ConclusionApproximately a quarter of patients required ICU‐level care after supraglottoplasty. For nearly all patients without comorbidities requiring ICU, this can be safely predicted within the first 4 h after surgery. Our data suggest that selected patients undergoing supraglottoplasty may be safely monitored outside of an ICU setting after an observation period in the post‐anesthesia care unit.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:466–470, 2024
Positive solutions for a class semipositone quasilinear problem with Orlicz–Sobolev critical growth
Authors: Santos J. Abrantes , Alves C. O. , Zhou J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, we study the existence of positive solutions for the following class of semipositone quasilinear problems:
where is a bounded domain, , are parameters, is a Caractheodory function, and has a critical growth with relation to the Orlicz–Sobolev space . The main tools used are variational methods, a concentration compactness theorem for Orlicz–Sobolev space and some priori estimates.
Novel Silver Nanocomposites as Effective Antitumor Agents
Authors: Gorbunova M. N. , Beloglazova Yu. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNovel silver nanocomposites based on copolymers of N,N‐diallyl‐N'‐acylhydrazines and diallylaminophosphonium salts with N‐vinylpyrrolidone and sulfur dioxide have been developed. There have been conducted studies of the cytotoxicity of the synthesized copolymers and nanocomposites toward lung carcinoma A549, rhabdomyosarcoma RD TE32, melanoma MS, and non‐cancerous embryonic kidney HEK 293. The nanocomposites have a significant cytotoxic activity against tumor RD TE32 and MS cell lines. There is the absence of a cytotoxic effect with respect to non‐cancerous HEK293 cell line. This indicates a high selectivity of silver nanocomposites with respect to RD TE32 and MS cell lines. The mechanism of cytotoxic effect of nanocomposites is determined. The nanocomposites cause apoptotic death of tumor cells with chromatin condensation and the reduction of mitochondrial fluorescence. The newly developed nanocomposites may be considered as promising for developing drugs to treat malignant cancer tumors.
Extracted Silk Fibroin‐Cellulose Acetate Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Nundloll Akash , Goonoo Nowsheen , Bhaw‐Luximon Archana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe extracellular matrix of cells consists of polysaccharides and proteins which provide support for cell attachment, movement, and proliferation thus regulating cellular activities. After a wound, cells require similar support to rebuild tissues with original characteristics. Silk fibroin and cellulose have thus been used to engineer nanofibrous mats through electrospinning process for tissue engineering applications. Silk fibroin (SF) is extracted from B. mori cocoons and cellulose acetate (CA) is obtained from textile‐based yarn. The resulting SF:CA nanofibrous mats have fiber diameters in the range of 0.26 µm (SF:CA 40:60) to 0.81 µm (SF:CA 10:90), tensile modulus in the range of 74.5 MPa (100% CA) to 458 MPa (SF:CA 80:20) and showed good material miscibility as evidenced through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. In vitro, nanofibrous mats with high silk fibroin content maintained murine macrophages in the non‐inflammatory stage and encouraged the movement of fibroblasts cells.
Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membrane Assisted Extrusion of Polymer Solutions for Hydrogel Formation
Authors: Schulte Anna , Alhusaini Qasim , Awan Aysha , Schönherr Holger 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe potential of polymeric nanostructures obtained by extruding polymer solutions through reusable anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanopores for the fabrication of nanostructures is investigated systematically to be able to unveil the potential impact of structure on cell culturing. Thus, nanostructured Na‐alginate and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymers as well as blended alginate/PVA hydrogels are fabricated. Na‐alginate and PVA fibers with different dimensions can be obtained. By extruding Na‐alginate solutions into a non‐solvent also networks of uniform nanofibers (diameter <20 nm) are generated. PVA forms agglomerations of nanofibers and nanoparticles with diameter >100 nm. In addition, cell line‐dependent behavior of the cross‐linked PVA/alginate nanofibers is observed, which is characterized by reduced cell adhesion and cluster formation of PaTu 8988t cells on these blend nanofibers compared to normal cell adhesive behavior of NIH 3T3 cells.
Time‐lapse monitoring: An adjunct tool to select embryos for preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: Braga Daniela P. de Almeida Ferreira , Setti Amanda S. , Guilherme Patricia , Morishima Christina , Iaconelli Assumpto , Borges Edson 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe goal for the present study was to investigate the effect of aneuploidy on embryo morphokinetics events in a time‐lapse imaging (TLI) system incubator. This retrospective cohort study was performed in a private university‐affiliated in vitro fertilization center, between 2019 March and December 2020. Kinetic data were analyzed in 935 embryos, derived from 316 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle with preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for aneuploidy, individually cultured in a TLI incubator until Day 5 of development. Timing of morphokinetic variables, the incidences of multinucleation, and Known Implantation Data Score (KIDScore)‐Day 5 were compared between euploid (n = 352) and aneuploid embryos (n = 583). Aneuploid embryos showed significantly longer timing to complete specific morphokinetic parameters compared to euploidy embryos. Euploidy embryos also showed a significantly higher KIDScore when compared with the aneuploidy ones. Our evidence suggests that TLI monitoring may be an adjunct approach to select embryos for PGT; however, cautious investigation is still needed.