bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of Pathogenic Microorganisms on Polymeric Materials through Ozonation
Authors: Nunes Keila Guerra Pacheco , de Carvalho Costa Letícia Reggiane , del Vecchio Paola , Merker Gabriela , Mosena Ana Cristina Sbaraini , Correia Ricardo Rego Bordalo , Pereira Altair Soria , Siqueira Franciele Maboni , Canal Cláudio Wageck , Féris Liliana Amaral 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOzone‐based technologies have been evaluated to inactivate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) on surfaces. However, the vast diversity of information makes it difficult to establish common ground for determining the best practices for using this technology. The objective of this work is to evaluate the success of N95 mask decontamination by ozonation, determining the specific parameters for process control. To quantify the effectiveness of the process, a disinfection protocol was initially developed based on two bacterial species (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius), followed by another disinfection assay using the murine hepatitis coronavirus (MHV‐3), in a laboratory‐scale prototype. Ozone is an effective candidate for use against SARS‐CoV‐2 or other viruses to disinfect personal protection equipment (PPE).
Insight into the Structural and Emissive Behavior of a Three‐Dimensional Americium(III) Formate Coordination Polymer
Authors: Nicholas Aaron D. , Arteaga Ana , Ducati Lucas C. , Buck Edgar C. , Autschbach Jochen , Surbella Robert G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report the structural, vibrational, and optical properties of americium formate (Am(CHO2)3) crystals synthesized via the in situ hydrolysis of dimethylformamide (DMF). The coordination polymer features Am3+ ions linked by formate ligands into a three‐dimensional network that is isomorphous to several lanthanide analogs, (e. g., Eu3+, Nd3+, Tb3+). Structure determination revealed a nine‐coordinate Am3+ metal center that features a unique local C3v symmetry. The metal–ligand bonding interactions were investigated by vibrational spectroscopy, natural localized molecular orbital calculations, and the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. The results paint a predominantly ionic bond picture and suggest the metal‐oxygen bonds increase in strength from Nd−O<Eu−O<Am−O. The optical properties were probed using diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopies. Notably, the rarely reported 5D1′→7F0′ emission band is observed and dominates the emission spectrum. This behavior is unusual and is attributed to the C3v coordination environment of the metal center.
Breaking the DFT Energy Bias Caused by Intramolecular Hydrogen‐Bonding Interactions with MESSI, A Structural Elucidation Method Inspired by Wisdom of Crowd Theory**
Authors: Marcarino Maribel O. , Passaglia Lucas , Zanardi María M. , Sarotti Ariel M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of quantum‐based NMR methods to complement and guide the connectivity and stereochemical assignment of natural and unnatural products has grown enormously. One of the unsolved problems is related to the improper calculation of the conformational landscape of flexible molecules that have functional groups capable of generating a complex network of intramolecular H‐bonding (IHB) interactions. Here the authors present MESSI (Multi‐Ensemble Strategy for Structural Identification), a method inspired by the wisdom of the crowd theory that breaks with the traditional mono‐ensemble approach. By including independent mappings of selected artificially manipulated ensembles, MESSI greatly improves the sense of the assignment by neutralizing potential energy biases.
A class of space‐filling designs with low‐dimensional stratification and column orthogonality
Authors: Li Pengnan , Sun Fasheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStrong orthogonal arrays are suitable designs for computer experiments because of stratification in low‐dimensional projections. However, strong orthogonal arrays may be very expensive for a moderate number of factors. In this article, we develop a method for constructing space‐filling designs with more economical run sizes. These designs are not only column‐orthogonal but also enjoy a large proportion of low‐dimensional stratification properties that strong orthogonal arrays ought to have. Moreover, a class of proposed designs can be 3‐orthogonal. In addition, some theoretical results on regular fractional factorial designs are obtained as a by‐product.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization for ETV6 gene rearrangements on destained cytological smears: Role in diagnosis of secretory carcinoma of salivary gland
Authors: Mahendru Ria , Sarma Chetna , Kakkar Aanchal , Kumar Rajeev , Kaur Kavneet , Thakar Alok 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the first‐line diagnostic procedure for salivary gland masses. Secretory carcinoma (SC) is characterized by ETV6 and RET rearrangements detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction optimized for paraffin‐embedded and fresh‐frozen tissue, respectively. The authors performed FISH on cytological material to assess its role in the diagnosis of SC.MethodsFNACs with SC as a diagnostic consideration and cases diagnosed as SC on histology with a corresponding FNAC with any diagnosis were evaluated for ETV6 rearrangement by FISH. If acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) was a differential diagnosis and ETV6 rearrangement was absent, NR4A3 FISH was performed. FISH results were compared with those on histological specimens, where available.ResultsFifteen cases were included. FISH initially performed on three cell blocks did not yield good results, was then performed on direct smears, and was interpretable in 14 cases (93.3%). An ETV6 rearrangement was identified in seven cases (50%), and an NR4A3 rearrangement was identified in three cases (21.4%), providing a confirmatory diagnosis in 10 of 15 cases (66.7%). The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology category was altered in two cases (6.7%). Complete correlation (100%) was seen with FISH on corresponding histological specimens.ConclusionsWith minor modifications, the FISH procedure can be optimized for FNAC smears with results comparable to those on histological specimens. ETV6 FISH testing on cytological smears in cases suspected as SC improves the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC and can help lower the proportion of the Milan categories salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential and suspicious for malignancy, maximizing diagnostic information from less invasive samples and aiding in patient management.
Novel segmentation and classification algorithm for detection of tomato leaf disease
Authors: Raja Kumar R. , Athimoolam Jegadeesh , Appathurai Ahilan , Rajendiran Surendiran 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe prevalence of tomato leaf diseases should be diagnosed in early‐stage to prevent spoilage of the entire field. Manually checking tomato diseases consumes more time and is labor‐intensive. In modern agriculture, machine and deep learning‐based disease identification techniques have been developed to effectively classify diseases. Most of the existing methods are inappropriate for horticulture due to their incompetence in handling the complex backgrounds of the image. In this article, a novel segmentation and classification algorithm is proposed for detecting tomato leaf diseases with complex background interference based on leaf segmentation fuzzy CNN (LSFCNN) and ant colony‐based mask RCNN (AC‐MRCNN). Foremostly the collected images are annotated and enhanced for further processing. Then the novel LSFCNN is implemented to separate the tomato leaf in a complex background. For classification, AC‐MRCNN is developed, which masks the disease spot and recognizes the diseases. Herein ant colony optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the mask RCNN to increase the flow of information and gradients of the network. Over 14,817 uniform and complex background images are collected to train the model. The proposed method is profoundly effective for quite challenging background leaf disease classification, with an accuracy of 97.66% of eight diseases and one healthy class.
Facile Preparation of Large‐Sized Columnar α‐HH Crystal via a NaCl Salt Bath Method
Authors: Nie Zexin , Wei Zhishun , Yang Yisong , Guo Xinghang , Chang Ying , Yi Guoqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlpha high‐strength hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO4·0.5H2O, α‐HH) with a large‐size columnar crystal (average size: 135.31 µm, maximum size: 500 µm) is successfully prepared via a NaCl salt bath method using salt gypsum as a raw material. The effects of preparation condition (salt solution concentration, salt bath time) on the crystalline phase and crystal grain size of the α‐HH and on the strengths of the cement bulks from α‐HH are investigated. Furthermore, to explore the formation mechanism of the large‐size columnar crystal of the α‐HH, the samples obtained by varying the salt bath time of the reaction system are characterized with field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and laser particle size analysis. Based on the characterization results, a formation mechanism of the large‐sized α‐HH is proposed. That is, NaCl self‐diffusion creates a local high‐concentration salt solution environment, which is conducive to the recombination of small‐size HH crystals formed by dihydrate gypsum dissolution and HH recrystallization to grow into large‐sized α‐HH crystals.
Geostatistical techniques to account for the heterogeneity ofFusariumwilt inoculum distribution in upland cotton field screening studies
Authors: Parris Stephen , Huang Whitney , Jones Don , Bridges William , Olvey James , Olvey Mike , Saski Christopher 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVariable and uncontrollable environmental factors have a wide range of influence on crop field screening programs, with the potential to cause significant experimental errors in phenotypic data collection. These factors can be additive and negatively confound genetic studies. When field screening upland cotton for genetic resistance toFusariumwilt caused byFusarium oxysporumf. sp.vasinfectumrace 4 (FOV4), the distribution and concentration of fungal inoculum in the field directly impact the disease severity, affecting the results of these studies. Variability among FOV4 screening fields and protocols has influenced the search for durable genetic resistance. To account for this spatial variability, rigorous use of check plots with predictable responses to FOV4 were planted throughout a screening nursery in Clint, TX, and scored for percent survival within each plot. The scores and locations were used to generate a predicted surface via kriging interpolation and conditional simulation, which estimate FOV4 inoculum pressure at every plot location in the field. These predictions created FOV4 pressure‐adjusted disease severity ratings in F3generations of bi‐parental crosses between FOV4‐resistant and susceptible upland cotton lines. Environment‐adjusted phenotypes allow breeders to consider the environmental variance associated with the heterogenous distribution of the pathogen in the field. The techniques presented here are transferrable to any field screening program that needs to account for spatial variation of environmental factors.
Endemic crop wild relatives in Chile towards the end of the 21st century: Protected areas and agricultural expansion
Authors: Jensen Magdalena , Pliscoff Patricio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClimate change is expected to change weather patterns in Chile significantly. Preserving the taxonomic and genetic diversity of crop wild relatives (CWR) is critical to ensure the availability of crops for future human food. However, many CWR are threatened in their natural habitats and underrepresented in gene banks. This research aimed to analyze the current and future climatic suitability under climate change of Chilean endemic CWR, the role of protected areas in their conservation, and possible conflicts of land use with agricultural production. The climatic suitability of 30 species was modeled with present and future bioclimatic variables using a species distribution modeling approach. The climatically suitable areas of all endemic CWR species analyzed are projected to change; 26 increased their suitable areas in the future and four decreased (Ribes integrifoliumPhil.,Dioscorea fastigiataGay,Solanum chilense(Dunal) Reiche,Lupinus oreophilusPhil.). Specific conflict with agricultural land use is projected to occur between Valparaiso and Biobio regions, where zones not in protected areas with more than 15 CWR species intersect with those that will be more suitable to produce food crops. Careful and informed planning is required to protect the future distribution of endemic CWR in Chile, especially for species whose climatically suitable area decreases. This effort should comprise a coordinated approach that includes both in situ and ex situ conservation strategies to preserve genetic diversity.
An Integrated Plasma–Photocatalytic System for Upcycling of Polyolefin Plastics
Authors: Jiang Yuting , Zhang Huiyan , Hong Longfei , Shao Jingjing , Zhang Bowen , Yu Jiajun , Chu Sheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNondegradable polyolefin plastics, which account for >60 % of total plastic waste, trigger severe global concerns and thus demand effective management technologies. However, owing to the chemical inertness of non‐polar C−C backbones in the polyolefin structure, efficient upcycling of polyolefin plastics under ambient conditions remains a great challenge. This study introduces an integrated plasma–photocatalytic technology, coupling plasma treatment with solar‐driven reforming under mild conditions, for the efficient upcycling of polyolefin plastics into value‐added hydrogen and gaseous fuels. The first plasma step grafts oxygenated groups, such as −OH, O−C=O, and C=O, onto the polyolefin chains, which leads to the formation of a polar and hydrophilic polymer that facilitates the subsequent reforming in the photocatalytic step. Therefore, high hydrogen production activity with a benchmark efficiency of >100 μmol g−1 h−1was achieved. Moreover, the integrated process also demonstrates high versatility in upcycling different polyolefin plastics including polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride. The findings provide a new avenue for plastic upcycling in an efficient and sustainable way.
Ternary SRAM circuit designs with CNTFETs
Authors: Abdelrahman Doaa K. , Fouda Mohammed E. , Alouani Ihsen , Said Lobna A. , Radwan Ahmed G. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryStatic random‐access memory (SRAM) is a cornerstone in modern microprocessors architecture, as it has high power consumption, large area, and high complexity. Also, the stability of the data in the SRAM against the noise and the performance under the radian exposure are main concern issues. To overcome these limitations in the quest for higher information density by memory element, the ternary logic system has been investigated, showing promising potential compared with the conventional binary base. Moreover, carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) is a new alternative device with proper features like low power consumption and threshold voltage dependency on diameter. This paper proposes a new design for ternary SRAM using CNTFET and its evaluation by comparing it against two other designs in many aspects. Moreover, we investigated the static noise margin for the three designs to discuss their stability. Furthermore, we studied the reliability of the designs by evaluating the soft errors effect.
Structure optimization: Configuring optimum performance of randomly distributed mixed carbon nanotube bundle interconnects
Authors: Sharma Ritika , Rai Mayank Kumar , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis paper presents an efficient optimization strategy based on the Stoyan and Yaskov algorithm to maximize the tube density of randomly distributed mixed carbon nanotube bundles (RMCBs) for configuring optimum performance of on‐chip interconnects. Optimizing tube density has proposed eight different RMCB (RMCB1–RMCB8) structures of a varying number of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), where RMCB1 has the maximum CNTs. Moreover, the ABCD technique adequately analyzes the temperature‐dependent frequency and stability characteristics of a three‐line RMCB interconnect placed on smooth and rough substrates (SiC, BN, and SiO2). The smooth substrate material has the best 3‐dB bandwidth compared with rough SiC substrate, followed by BN and SiO2 for all RMCB structures, and among all structures, the RMCB8 has the best 3‐dB bandwidth. The relative stability of RMCB1 is improved by 134.2% and 22.7% w.r.t. RMCB8 placed on a smooth and rough SiC substrate, respectively. Whereas bandwidth of the RMCB1 is reduced by 26% and 88.5% w.r.t. RMCB8 placed on a smooth and rough substrate, respectively. Hence, there is a tradeoff between the bandwidth and the relative stability as the number of CNT increases. Therefore, RMCB3 placed on a smooth substrate and RMCB4 placed on a rough SiC substrate are considered the best‐optimized RMCB interconnects to maintain a balance between the two.
Health status across major subgroups of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Siddiqi Tariq Jamal , Anker Stefan D. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Ferreira João Pedro , Pocock Stuart J. , Böhm Michael , Brueckmann Martina , Chopra Vijay K. , Iwata Tomoko , Januzzi James , Piña Ileana L. , Ponikowski Piotr , Senni Michele , Vedin Ola , Verma Subodh , Zhang Yuhui , Zannad Faiez , Packer Milton , Butler Javed 
Published: March 2023

AimsThere are limited data on health status and changes in it over time across major subgroups of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), including ejection fraction spectrum, age, sex, region, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities including diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), anaemia, and atrial fibrillation/flutter.Methods and resultsIn the EMPEROR‐Preserved trial, the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) was assessed at baseline, 12, 32 and 52 weeks. Determinants of baseline KCCQ score and change over time, and the impact of empagliflozin on KCCQ scores were studied in specified subgroups. A Cox model was used to assess the association between 5‐ and 10‐point increase and 5‐point decrease in KCCQ score from baseline to week 12 and later outcomes. Among 2979 participants in the placebo arm, mean KCCQ clinical summary score (CSS) was 70.7 (20.8). Older age, female sex, BMI, anaemia, and a history of diabetes, and CKD were associated with worse scores. KCCQ‐CSS score improved during follow‐up; patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter at enrollment (p trend = 0.014) and CKD (p trend < 0.001) had less improvement. A 5‐point increase in KCCQ‐CSS at week 12 was associated with lower risk of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization (5%), cardiovascular death (8%), and first heart failure hospitalization (4%) subsequently. A similar trend was seen with KCCQ total symptom score (TSS) and overall summary score (OSS). Empagliflozin improved KCCQ‐CSS, ‐TSS and ‐OSS scores similarly across subgroups studied except for greater improvement in patients with the highest BMI (p trend = 0.153, 0.08 and 0.078, respectively).ConclusionHealth status in patients with HFpEF is impaired, especially in elderly, women, and those with obesity and comorbidities. Empagliflozin improved health status among all key subgroups studied with a greater effect in obese patients.
Impact of left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes on healthcare resource utilization in hospitalized heart failure: a secondary analysis of REPORT‐HF
Authors: Farmakis Dimitrios , Tromp Jasper , Marinaki Smaragdi , Ouwerkerk Wouter , Angermann Christiane E. , Bistola Vasiliki , Dahlstrom Ulf , Dickstein Kenneth , Ertl Georg , Ghadanfar Mathieu , Hassanein Mahmoud , Obergfell Achim , Perrone Sergio V. , Polyzogopoulou Eftihia , Schweizer Anja , Boletis Ioannis , Cleland John G.F. , Collins Sean P. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Filippatos Gerasimos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimEvidence on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) for hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced (HFrEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction is limited.Methods and resultsWe analysed HCRU in relation to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) phenotypes, clinical features and in‐hospital and 12‐month outcomes in 16 943 patients hospitalized for HF in a worldwide registry. HFrEF was more prevalent (53%) than HFmrEF (17%) or HFpEF (30%). Patients with HFmrEF and HFpEF were older, more often women, with milder symptoms and more comorbidities, but differences were not pronounced. HCRU was high in all three groups; two or more in‐ and out‐of‐hospital services were required by 51%, 49% and 52% of patients with HFrEF, HFmrEF and HFpEF, respectively, and intensive care unit by 41%, 41% and 37%, respectively. Hospitalization length was similar (median, 8 days). Discharge prescription of neurohormonal inhibitors was <80% for each agent in HFrEF and only slightly lower in HFmrEF and HFpEF (74% and 67%, respectively, for beta‐blockers). Compared to HFrEF, 12‐month all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality were lower for HFmrEF (adjusted hazard ratios 0.78 [95% confidence interval 0.59–0.71] and 0.80 [0.70–0.92]) and HFpEF (0.64 [0.59–0.87] and 0.63 [0.56–0.71]); 12‐month HF hospitalization was also lower for HFpEF and HFmrEF (21% and 20% vs. 25% for HFrEF). In‐hospital mortality, 12‐month non‐cardiovascular mortality and 12‐month all‐cause hospitalization were similar among groups.ConclusionsIn patients hospitalized for HF, overall HCRU was similarly high across LVEF spectrum, reflecting the subtle clinical differences among LVEF phenotypes during hospitalization. Discharge prescription of neurohormonal inhibitors was suboptimal in HFrEF and lower but significant in patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF, who had better long‐term cardiovascular outcomes than HFrEF, but similar risk for non‐cardiovascular events.
Hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of ethylenediamine bisborane using Ni/NixByZr and Pd‐Ni/NixByZr as highly active catalysts
Authors: Murathan Hatice Begüm , Özkan Gülay , Özkan Göksel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEthylenediamine bisborane (EDAB), containing 11.49% hydrogen by weight, ranks third among notable amine boranes in terms of hydrogen content and has some advantages due to the limit the practical use of AB for the applications of hydrogen storage. In this work, EDAB was synthesized and its catalytic hydrolysis was studied for the hydrogen production. For this purpose, Ni/NixByZr and PdNi/NixByZr catalysts were prepared by using the co‐precipitation with NaBH4 and impregnation method. XRD, XPS, SEM–EDX, and multi‐point BET were used to characterize catalysts. Reusability test, kinetic analyses were done. It has been observed that both Ni/ NixByZr and PdNi/ NixByZr catalysts enhance the hydrogen production yield and reduces the reaction time. The highest hydrogen production yield and the shortest reaction time of EDAB hydrolysis were reached as 99.67% and 215 s at 55°C with PdNi/NixByZr catalyst. The catalytic efficacy of PdNi/NixByZr catalyst is 115.58 mL min−1 g−1, for the hydrolysis of EDAB at 298 K. Activation energy for Pd‐Ni/NixByZr and Ni/NixByZr catalysts were reported as 27.04 and 53.81 kJ.mol−1.