bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the Water Contribution of Subtropical Mode Water and Related Isopycnal/Diapycnal Water Mixing in the Western Pacific Boundary Current Area Using Radiocesium: A Significant Nutrient Contribution From Subtropical Pacific Gyre to the Marginal Region
Authors: Zhu Siteng Justin , Zhang Jing , Matsuno Takeshi , Tsutsumi Eisuke , Kambayashi Shota , Horikawa Keiji , Takayama Katsumi , Inoue Mutsuo , Nagao Seiya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSubtropical mode water (STMW) plays a pivotal role in material exchange and influences marine ecosystems in the shallow layers of the western Pacific boundary current area (WPBCA, including the Kuroshio and its adjacent marginal seas), one of the typical western boundary areas in the global ocean. However, since the Kuroshio with high velocity prevents direct intrusion of STMW into the WPBCA, the STMW could only be transported into the WPBCA from the upstream and/or source Kuroshio region. In the region, water mixing blurs the “mode” of STMW and limits its observation. In this study, we measured 137Cs in the WPBCA, and identified the distribution of STMW‐derived water (STMW*) in a certain layer (σθ ∼ 25.2–25.8 kg m−3). In this layer, two different mixing strengths were quantified during the advection of STMW* from the North Pacific to the WPBCA. Quantification based on 137Cs, rare earth elements, temperature, and salinity indicated a significant decrease in the STMW* signature (<50%) in the layer of Luzon Strait, confirming strong vertical mixing due to topographic constraint. In contrast, in the same layer of Tsushima Strait, where nutrients accounted for 15.3% of the total nutrient flux to the Sea of Japan, 57% ± 20% of the water comes from the STMW* of subtropical gyre, indicating weak mixing during the long‐path transport. Quantifying the contribution of subsurface nutrient‐rich water in the subtropical gyre to shallower layers of WPBCA, using direct measured chemical tracers, could be extended to other areas and further to couple with ecosystem models.
Transient Luminous Events and Their Relationship to Lightning Strokes Over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Comparison Regions
Authors: Xu Chen , Qie Xiushu , Sun Zhuling , Yang Jing , Zhang Hongbo , Chen Alfred Bing‐Chih 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between transient luminous events (TLEs) and lightning strokes, and the characteristics of TLE‐producing thunderstorms over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and compares them to those over the Yangtze‐River Delta (YRD) and East China Sea (ECS) where at the same latitude during 2005–2015. The data were collected using the Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning (ISUAL) and the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) observations. Elves, sprites and halo (abbreviated as ESHs) were dominantly detected over the southeastern TP (∼88%), mostly in August and September (∼81%). Different from the southeastern TP, the detected sprites and sprite‐to‐lightning stroke ratios over the YRD were larger in spring than those in summer and autumn. Halos were frequently observed in August over all study regions. Blue jets were only detected over the YRD. The density of TLEs over the southeastern TP was three times smaller than those over the YRD and ECS, while the density of elves over the southeastern TP was slightly larger than that over the YRD. The average energy of TLE‐related lightning strokes based on WWLLN was found to be larger over the southeastern TP compared to the YRD and ECS. The ESH‐producing clouds over the southeastern TP had a larger scale with a lower lightning frequency than those over the YRD.
Feasibility of a Brief Biofeedback Protocol to Train Self-Regulation in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Alioto Anthony , David Jennie G. , Gramszlo Colette 
Published: April 2023

Objective: The extant pediatric biofeedback literature has several shortcomings, including small sample sizes, inconsistent methodology, and variable means to determine outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to build upon the existing literature and examine the feasibility of a brief, semi-structured, biofeedback intervention with a larger outpatient pediatric sample. Methods: Via chart review, we explored 2 years of referrals ( N = 79) to our biofeedback program. We examined feasibility in terms of recruitment, program completion, and patient/caregiver satisfaction. Secondary aims included examination of changes in physiological and self-report data. Results: Seventy-three percent of referrals to the biofeedback program attended a first session, with 67% of those that attended a first session completing the program. The majority of patients who completed the program ( N = 39, Mage = 13.4 years, 69% female) were referred for anxiety as their presenting problem. Both patients and parents were found to be highly satisfied with the program. By the end of treatment, almost all youth were able to demonstrate a lower respiration rate, accompanied by both improvements in heart rate variability (HRV) indices and self-reported somatic symptoms. The majority of patients, however, did not achieve the goal of a respiration rate lower than 8.0 breaths per minute. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that a brief, semi-structured biofeedback protocol was feasible in terms of recruitment, retention, and satisfaction with an outpatient pediatric sample. Moreover, youth who completed the program demonstrated improvements as evidenced by physiological and self-report indices. Implications for Impact Statement This work holds important implications for pediatric psychology care, including that a brief psychology trainee-delivered, semi-structured biofeedback program was found to be feasible and acceptable to patients and families delivered in an outpatient setting. The program was found to be acceptable by participants with diverse diagnoses (e.g., anxiety and pain-related disorders). The current study contributes to the pediatric biofeedback literature by providing further direction around both implementation and outcome measurement in pediatric biofeedback.
Dietary cysteine drives body fat loss via FMRFamide signaling in Drosophila and mouse
Authors: Song Tingting , Qin Wusa , Lai Zeliang , Li Haoyu , Li Daihan , Wang Baojia , Deng Wuquan , Wang Tingzhang , Wang Liming , Huang Rui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObesity imposes a global health threat and calls for safe and effective therapeutic options. Here, we found that protein-rich diet significantly reduced body fat storage in fruit flies, which was largely attributed to dietary cysteine intake. Mechanistically, dietary cysteine increased the production of a neuropeptide FMRFamide (FMRFa). Enhanced FMRFa activity simultaneously promoted energy expenditure and suppressed food intake through its cognate receptor (FMRFaR), both contributing to the fat loss effect. In the fat body, FMRFa signaling promoted lipolysis by increasing PKA and lipase activity. In sweet-sensing gustatory neurons, FMRFa signaling suppressed appetitive perception and hence food intake. We also demonstrated that dietary cysteine worked in a similar way in mice via neuropeptide FF (NPFF) signaling, a mammalian RFamide peptide. In addition, dietary cysteine or FMRFa/NPFF administration provided protective effect against metabolic stress in flies and mice without behavioral abnormalities. Therefore, our study reveals a novel target for the development of safe and effective therapies against obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Identification of a novel nonsense NOG mutation in a patient with stapes ankylosis and symphalangism spectrum disorder
Authors: Sonoyama Toru , Ishino Takashi , Ogawa Yui , Oda Takashi , Takeno Sachio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMultiple bone disorders due to mutations in the human noggin (NOG) causes a variety of phenotypes. Hearing impairment due to stapes ankylosis secondary to bony degeneration is also a feature of these syndromes. We describe the case of an individual in a Japanese family with conductive hearing loss due to stapes ankylosis and hyperopia and dactylosymphysis. We revealed a novel NOG mutation, NM_005450.6:c.222 C > A / p.Tyr74*, and confirmed genetic significance.
Potassium-rich mining waste addition can shorten the composting period by increasing the abundance of thermophilic bacteria during high-temperature periods
Authors: Huo Xiao-jun , YanZhou  , Chen Min-jie , Zhou Jian-lin , Zheng Chun-li 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConventional compost sludge has a long fermentation period and is not nutrient rich. Potassium-rich mining waste was used as an additive for aerobic composting of activated sludge to make a new sludge product. The effects of different feeding ratios of potassium-rich mining waste and activated sludge on the physicochemical properties and thermophilic bacterial community structure during aerobic composting were investigated. The results showed that potassium-rich waste minerals contribute to the increase in mineral element contents; although the addition of potassium-rich waste minerals affected the peak temperature and duration of composting, the more sufficient oxygen content promoted the growth of thermophilic bacteria and thus shortened the overall composting period. Considering the requirements of composting temperature, it is recommended that the addition of potassium-rich waste minerals is less than or equal to 20%.
A multiple regression based method for indirect compensation of hemispherical resonator gyro temperature error
Authors: Xin-san Li , Can Li , Qiang Shen , Li-xin Wang , Shuan-zhu Li 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the measuring accuracy of the Hemispherical Resonator Gyro under variable temperature, aiming at the problem of "external temperature is unavailable and internal temperature is unmeasurable," a multiple regression based method is proposed for compensating temperature error in the gyro. The relationship between the internal temperature and the resonant frequency of the gyro is analyzed theoretically. According to a constant temperature experiment, a linear relationship between them is derived based on the least square method. The analysis of a temperature-rising experiment shows that the correlation of the gyro output with the internal temperature is much higher than that with the external temperature. Therefore, taking the resonant frequency as an independent variable, a multiple regression model is established for compensating the temperature error. The compensation effect of the model is verified by temperature-rising and temperature-dropping experiments, which show that the output sequence before compensation is not stable, while it is stable after compensation. After compensation, the drift of the gyro decreases by 62.76% and 48.48%, respectively, and its measuring accuracy becomes equivalent to that at the constant temperature. The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model developed for indirect compensation of temperature error.
Label-free liquid biopsy through the identification of tumor cells by machine learning-powered tomographic phase imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Pirone Daniele , Montella Annalaura , Sirico Daniele G. , Mugnano Martina , Villone Massimiliano M. , Bianco Vittorio , Miccio Lisa , Porcelli Anna Maria , Kurelac Ivana , Capasso Mario , Iolascon Achille , Maffettone Pier Luca , Memmolo Pasquale , Ferraro Pietro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImage-based identification of circulating tumor cells in microfluidic cytometry condition is one of the most challenging perspectives in the Liquid Biopsy scenario. Here we show a machine learning-powered tomographic phase imaging flow cytometry system capable to provide high-throughput 3D phase-contrast tomograms of each single cell. In fact, we show that discrimination of tumor cells against white blood cells is potentially achievable with the aid of artificial intelligence in a label-free flow-cyto-tomography method. We propose a hierarchical machine learning decision-maker, working on a set of features calculated from the 3D tomograms of the cells’ refractive index. We prove that 3D morphological features are adequately distinctive to identify tumor cells versus the white blood cell background in the first stage and, moreover, in recognizing the tumor type at the second decision step. Proof-of-concept experiments are shown, in which two different tumor cell lines, namely neuroblastoma cancer cells and ovarian cancer cells, are used against monocytes. The reported results allow claiming the identification of tumor cells with a success rate higher than 97% and with an accuracy over 97% in discriminating between the two cancer cell types, thus opening in a near future the route to a new Liquid Biopsy tool for detecting and classifying circulating tumor cells in blood by stain-free method.
Creation of low cost, simple, and easy-to-use training kit for the dura mater suturing in endoscopic transnasal pituitary/skull base surgery
Authors: Hattori Yujiro , Ishisaka Eitaro , Tahara Shigeyuki , Suzuki Koji , Teramoto Shinichiro , Morita Akio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraining kits for laparoscopes for deep suturing under endoscopes are commercially available; however, previously reported training kits for endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal pituitary/skull base surgery (eTSS) were not available in the market. Moreover, the previously reported low cost, self-made kit has the drawback of being unrealistic. This study aimed to create a low cost training kit for eTSS dura mater suturing that was as close to real as possible. Most necessary items were obtained from the 100-yen store ($1 store) or from everyday supplies. As an alternative to the endoscope, a stick-type camera was used. Through the assembly of the materials, a simple and easy-to-use training kit was created, which is almost identical to the actual dural suturing situation. In eTSS, a simple and easy-to-use training kit for dural suturing was successfully created at a low cost. This kit is expected to be used for deep suture operations and the development of surgical instruments for training.
Caves as wildlife refuges in degraded landscapes in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: de Fraga Rafael , Tavares Valéria , Simões Matheus Henrique , Prous Xavier , Girolamo-Neto Cesare , Brandi Iuri V. , Oliveira Guilherme , Trevelin Leonardo C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCross-habitat spillover may be the outcome of a process of habitat loss or degradation where the receiving habitat serves as a refuge for organisms. Once surface habitats are lost or degraded, animals can find underground refuge in caves. This paper is focused on testing whether taxonomic order richness inside caves is positively affected by the loss of the native vegetation cover surrounding caves; whether degradation of native vegetation cover predicts cave community composition; and whether there is a pattern of cave community clusters delimited by similarity in the effects of habitat degradation on animal communities. We gathered a comprehensive speleological dataset consisting of occurrence data of thousands of invertebrates and vertebrates sampled in 864 iron caves in the Amazon, to test the effects of both variables measured inside caves and surrounding landscapes on spatial variation in richness and composition of animal communities. We show that caves can work as refuges for the fauna in landscapes where the native vegetation cover surrounding them was degraded, which was evidenced by landcover change increasing the richness of cave communities and clustering caves by similarity in community composition. Therefore, habitat degradation on the surface should be a key variable when characterizing cave ecosystems for conservation prioritization and offset planning. Habitat degradation causing a cross-habitat spillover effect highlights the importance of maintaining the connection between caves by the surface, especially large caves. Our study can help guide industry and stakeholders working on the complex conciliation between land use and biodiversity conservation.
Non-destructive monitoring of forming quality of self-piercing riveting via a lightweight deep learning
Authors: Lin Sen , Zhao Lun , Wang Sen , Islam Md Shafiqul , Wei Wu , Huo Xiaole , Guo Zixin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelf-piercing riveting (SPR) has been widely used in automobile body jointing. However, the riveting process is prone to various forming quality failures, such as empty riveting, repeated riveting, substrate cracking, and other riveting defects. This paper combines deep learning algorithms to achieve non-contact monitoring of SPR forming quality. And a lightweight convolutional neural network with higher accuracy and less computational effort is designed. The ablation and comparative experiments results show that the lightweight convolutional neural network proposed in this paper achieves improved accuracy and reduced computational complexity. Compared with the original algorithm, the algorithm’s accuracy in this paper is increased by 4.5$$\%$$
%
, and the recall is increased by 1.4$$\%$$
%
. In addition, the amount of redundant parameters is reduced by 86.5$$\%$$
%
, and the amount of computation is reduced by 47.33$$\%$$
%
. This method can effectively overcome the limitations of low efficiency, high work intensity, and easy leakage of manual visual inspection methods and provide a more efficient solution for monitoring the quality of SPR forming quality.
Urinary miR-16-5p can be used as a potential marker of endocapillary hypercellularity in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Zhang Meng , Duan Zhi-Yu , Zhang Qiu-Yue , Xu Xie-Guan-Xuan , Zhang Yan , Wang Peng , Duan Shu-Wei , Wu Jie , Chen Xiang-Mei , Cai Guang-Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe most prevalent primary glomerulonephritis and leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide is IgA nephropathy (IgAN). More and more studies are describing urinary microRNA (miRNA) as a non-invasive marker for a variety of renal diseases. We screened candidate miRNAs based on data from three published IgAN urinary sediment miRNAs chips. In separate confirmation and validation cohorts, we included 174 IgAN patients, 100 patients with other nephropathies as disease controls (DC), and 97 normal controls (NC) for quantitative real-time PCR. A total of three candidate miRNAs, miR-16-5p, Let-7g-5p, miR-15a-5p were obtained. In both the confirmation and validation cohorts, these miRNAs levels were considerably higher in the IgAN than in NC, with miR-16-5p significantly higher than in DC. The area under the ROC curve for urinary miR-16-5p levels was 0.73. Correlation analysis suggested that miR-16-5p was positively correlated with endocapillary hypercellularity (r = 0.164 p = 0.031). When miR-16-5p was combined with eGFR, proteinuria and C4, the AUC value for predicting endocapillary hypercellularity was 0.726. By following the renal function of patients with IgAN, the levels of miR-16-5p were noticeably higher in the IgAN progressors than in the non- progressors (p = 0.036). Urinary sediment miR-16-5p can be used as noninvasive biomarkers for the assessment of endocapillary hypercellularity and diagnosis of IgA nephropathy. Furthermore, urinary miR-16-5p may be predictors of renal progression.
Neural network based integration of assays to assess pathogenic potential
Authors: Eslami Mohammed , Chen Yi-Pei , Nicholson Ainsley C. , Weston Mark , Bell Melissa , McQuiston John R. , Samuel James , van Schaik Erin J. , de Figueiredo Paul 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLimited data significantly hinders our capability of biothreat assessment of novel bacterial strains. Integration of data from additional sources that can provide context about the strain can address this challenge. Datasets from different sources, however, are generated with a specific objective and which makes integration challenging. Here, we developed a deep learning-based approach called the neural network embedding model (NNEM) that integrates data from conventional assays designed to classify species with new assays that interrogate hallmarks of pathogenicity for biothreat assessment. We used a dataset of metabolic characteristics from a de-identified set of known bacterial strains that the Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory (SBRL) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has curated for use in species identification. The NNEM transformed results from SBRL assays into vectors to supplement unrelated pathogenicity assays from de-identified microbes. The enrichment resulted in a significant improvement in accuracy of 9% for biothreat. Importantly, the dataset used in our analysis is large, but noisy. Therefore, the performance of our system is expected to improve as additional types of pathogenicity assays are developed and deployed. The proposed NNEM strategy thus provides a generalizable framework for enrichment of datasets with previously collected assays indicative of species.
Bi-objective bus scheduling optimization with passenger perception in mind
Authors: Liu Shuai , Liu Lin , Pei Dongmei , Wang Jue 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the development of big traffic data, bus schedules should be changed from the traditional "empirical" rough scheduling to "responsive" accurate scheduling to meet the travel needs of passengers. Based on passenger flow distribution, considering passengers' feelings of congestion and waiting time at the station, we establish a Dual-Cost Bus Scheduling Optimization Model (Dual-CBSOM) with the optimization objectives of minimizing bus operation and passenger travel costs. Improving the classical Genetic Algorithm (GA) by adaptively determining the crossover probability and mutation probability of the algorithm. We use an Adaptive Double Probability Genetic Algorithm (A_DPGA) to solve the Dual-CBSOM. Taking Qingdao city as an example for optimization, the constructed A_DPGA is compared with the classical GA and Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA). By solving the arithmetic example, we get the optimal solution that can reduce the overall objective function value by 2.3%, improve the bus operation cost by 4.0%, and reduce the passenger travel cost by 6.3%. The conclusions show that the Dual_CBSOM built can better meet the passenger travel demand, improve passenger travel satisfaction, and reduce the passenger travel cost and waiting for cost. It is demonstrated that the A_DPGA built in this research has faster convergence and better optimization results.
Discriminatory punishment undermines the enforcement of group cooperation
Authors: Molenmaker Welmer E. , Gross Jörg , de Kwaadsteniet Erik W. , van Dijk Eric , de Dreu Carsten K. W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPeer punishment can help groups to establish collectively beneficial public goods. However, when humans condition punishment on other factors than poor contribution, punishment can become ineffective and group cooperation deteriorates. Here we show that this happens in pluriform groups where members have different socio-demographic characteristics. In our public good provision experiment, participants were confronted with a public good from which all group members benefitted equally, and in-between rounds they could punish each other. Groups were uniform (members shared the same academic background) or pluriform (half the members shared the same academic background, and the other half shared another background). We show that punishment effectively enforced cooperation in uniform groups where punishment was conditioned on poor contribution. In pluriform groups, punishment was conditioned on poor contribution too, but also partially on others’ social-demographic characteristics—dissimilar others were punished more than similar others regardless of their contribution. As a result, punishment lost its effectiveness in deterring free-riding and maintaining public good provision. Follow-up experiments indicated that such discriminatory punishment was used to demarcate and reinforce subgroup boundaries. This work reveals that peer punishment fails to enforce cooperation in groups with a pluriform structure, which is rule rather than exception in contemporary societies.