bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF STUDENTS' RESEARCH WORK IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Sinkevich I. , Mardupenko O. , Tulska A. , Levin Ye. 
Published: January 2023

The article examines the issues of students' research work, components and functions of research work. The types and forms of research work in academic and extracurricular time are distinguished.
Of particular practical importance is the specialist's ability to adequately perceive complex life situations, correctly assess them, quickly adapt to new cognitive situations, purposefully process available information, search for and supplement the missing information, know the patterns of its optimal use, predict the results of activities, using one's intellectual and creative potential .
At each level of education, it is necessary to develop students' creative thinking and research skills, without which it is difficult both to continue their education and to be realized in the labor market.
In this connection, scientific research activity is gaining more and more importance and is turning into one of the main components of the professional training of the future specialist.
Scientific and research activity improves not only the professional level, but also forms specific skills and habits, the appropriate composition of thinking and communication. In connection with the new requirements for the quality of the training of specialists, meeting the needs of the accelerated scientific, technical and socio-economic development of the country, the scientific and research activity of students is considered as an important factor in improving the entire system of training specialists for various branches of the national economy. It is scientific and research activity that allows deepening the professional direction of education, educating specialists with high creative potential and influences the formation of social and professional maturity of future specialists.
Thus, in order to successfully manage the research work of students, the dynamics of its constituent elements, the teacher must clearly imagine its main tasks: which research object to choose and which research methods to apply. Therefore, the strategic task in this direction is to foresee the following conditions, means: forms and content of activities, which are the most favorable and optimal for the development and improvement of scientific research work.
Accordingly, scientific and research activities should be organized so that students, after graduating from the educational institution, strive for constant improvement of their professional level. A person must constantly learn, correlating his knowledge with new requirements, his needs, the needs of society, the labor market. The personality itself is its professional toolkit.
Applicability of the Continuum Mapping Approach for Groundwater Flow Modeling in 3D Fracture Networks
Authors: Chen Gan , Wu Jianfeng , Song Jian , Zhu Xiaobin , Wu Jichun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A methodology for simulating groundwater flow in three-dimensional (3D) stochastic fracture rocks based on a commonly used finite-difference method is presented in this paper. Different realizations of fracture networks are generated by the fracture continuum method (FCM), in which appropriate 3D cuboids are used to describe the geometry of fractures. Then, the effects of different parameter distributions on the fracture networks indicated that the length, orientation, and density of fractures all play significant roles in the connectivity of fractures in this methodology. Greater length and density and wider orientation range of fractures lead to greater connectivity. The proper contrast in hydraulic conductivities between the fractures and matrix is found to be approximately 105 due to the contribution of fluid flow in the matrix which can be ignored. It is shown that the fracture density plays a key role in stabilizing the equivalent hydraulic conductivity (Ke) of the fracture networks. Furthermore, the greater length and closer orientation of fractures to the general flow direction, the larger Ke of the generated fracture networks possess. The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the mechanism of FCM and the influence of geometry characteristics on the hydraulic conductivity of FCM models.
Incidence and Prevalence of Keratoconus in Taiwan During
2000–2018 and Their Association With Topography Use
Authors: Ng Jack Min , Lin Ken-Kuo , Lee Jiahn-Shing , Chen Wei-Min , Hou Chiun-Ho , See Lai-Chu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine the age- and sex-specific incidence and prevalence of keratoconus (KC) in Taiwan and explore their association with computerized corneal topography use.
Design:
This nationwide population-based retrospective study included the data of the Taiwanese population (N = 27,540,859) from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 2000 to 2018.
Method
We estimated the incidence of KC by identifying patients with newly diagnosed KC and estimated its prevalence by identifying the total number of patients who had the ICD-9-CM code 371.6 or ICD-10-CM code H18.609 twice or more in NHIRD during 2000–2018.
Results
The incidence of KC in Taiwan during 2000–2018 was 7,075, with the incidence rate being 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–1.60) per 100,000 person-years. The prevalence of KC was 4.29 (95% CI: 4.23–4.35) per 100,000 person-years. The KC incidence rate peaked in patients aged 21–25 years (6.40 in male patients and 3.19 in female patients). The overall incidence rates in male and female patients were 2.01 and 1.35, respectively (incidence rate ratio: 1.46), indicating that KC had a significant male predisposition. Moreover, we noted a linear correlation (R2 = 0.7488) between the proportion of computerized corneal topography use and the incidence of KC in our study.
Conclusion
Estimates of nationwide population-based incidence and prevalence can contribute to better understanding of the risk of ethnic groups and geographic locations in the pathophysiology of KC, and the trend can help physicians improve the general vision health of the population.
Differential Cortical Network Engagement During States of Un/Consciousness in Humans
Authors: Zelmann Rina , Paulk Angelique , Tian Fangyun , Balanza Gustavo , Peralta Jaquelin Dezha , Crocker Britni , Cosgrove G Rees , Richardson R. Mark , Williams Ziv , Dougherty Darin , Purdon Patrick , Cash Sydney 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
What happens in the human brain when we are unconscious? Despite substantial work, we are still unsure which brain regions are involved and how they are impacted when consciousness is disrupted. Using intracranial recordings and direct electrical stimulation, we mapped global, network, and regional involvement during wake vs. arousable unconsciousness (sleep) vs. non-arousable unconsciousness (propofol-induced general anesthesia). Information integration and complex processing were reduced, while variability increased in any type of unconscious state. These changes were more pronounced during anesthesia than sleep. They also involved different cortical engagement; During sleep, changes were mostly uniformly distributed across the brain while during anesthesia the prefrontal cortex was the most disrupted, suggesting that the obliteration of consciousness during anesthesia results not from just altered overall physiology but from a disconnection between prefrontal and other brain areas. These findings provide direct evidence of the different neural signatures for different types of unconsciousness.
Sea ice, argon and carbon dioxide
Authors: Hambler Clive 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
1) Atmospheric argon on Earth and Mars cycles on a seasonal basis and abiotic factors will be particularly important drivers of this noble gas.
2) It is predicted and confirmed that there is similarity in the seasonality of sea ice and argon, with atmospheric argon in a Hemisphere often increasing fastest when sea ice in that Hemisphere is declining fastest.
3) There is some visual similarity between the detailed phenology of Greenland Sea ice extent and argon in some Northern Hemisphere sites, but formal analysis is required.
4) Argon monthly rates of change are inversely correlated with those of Antarctic sea ice and carbon dioxide for at least one Southern Hemisphere site (Palmer Station).
5) If causal, the mechanism is unclear but could involve argon bubble formation during freezing and bubble release in the spring melt.
6) Other variables with very similar phenology to sea ice, including high-latitude sea temperatures, should be investigated as potential drivers.
7) Cycling of argon by sea ice would strengthen the argument that seasonal cycling of carbon dioxide is in part driven abiotically, and also necessitate revision of oxygen flux estimates.
8) The general absence of lags between argon and carbon dioxide cycles suggests the dominant seasonal fluxes of both gases are in high latitudes and marine.
9) Failure to explore the causality of the highly similar time-series of argon, oxygen, methane and carbon dioxide could be extremely costly and scientifically remarkable.
Vinculum of Green Innovation, Corporate Governance Index, and Impact on Financial Firm Performance: A Comparative Study of Two Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Khan Parvez , Johl Satirenjit Kaur Kaur , Kumar Anil , Luthra Sunil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The current production and conception have impacted the environmental hazards. Green Innovation (GI) is the ideal solution for sustainable production, consumption, and ecological conservation. The objective of the study is to compare comprehensive green innovation (covering product, process, service & organization) impact on firm financial performance in Malaysia and Indonesia, along with the first study to measure the moderation role of the corporate governance index. This study has addressed the gap by developing the green innovation and corporate governance index. Collected panel data from the top 188 publicly listed firms for three years and analyzed it using the General Least Square (GLS) method. The empirical evidence demonstrates that the green innovation practice is better in Malaysia, and the outcome also shows that the significance level is higher than in Indonesia. In addition, this study provides empirical evidence that board composition has a positive moderation relationship betwixt GI and business performance in Malaysia but is insignificant in Indonesia. This comparative study provides new insights to the policymakers and practitioners of both countries.
Overall morbidity after total minimally invasive keyhole esophagectomy versus hybrid esophagectomy (the MICkey trial): study protocol for a multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Klotz Rosa , Diener Markus K. , Schmidt Thomas , Hackert Thilo , Graf Sandra , Fuchs Hans F. , Grimminger Peter , Egberts Jan-Hendrick , Gockel Ines , Sluis Pieter C. van der , Doerr-Harim Colette , Klose Christina , Feißt Manuel , Mihaljevic Andre L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Oesophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Oesophageal resection is the only curative treatment option for EC which is frequently performed via an abdominal and right thoracic approach (Ivor-Lewis operation). This 2-cavity operation is associated with a high risk of major complications. To reduce postoperative morbidity several minimally invasive techniques have been developed, that can be broadly classified into either hybrid esophagectomy (HYBRID-E) via laparoscopic/robotic abdominal and open thoracic surgery or total minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIN-E). Both, HYBIRD-E and MIN-E, compare favourable to open esophagectomy. However, there is still an evidence gap comparing HYBRID-E with MIN-E with regard to postoperative morbidity.
Methods: The MICkey trial is a multicentre randomized controlled superiority trial with two parallel study groups. A total of 152 patients with oesophageal cancer scheduled for elective esophagectomy will be randomly assigned 1:1 to the control group (HYBRID-E) or to the intervention group (MIN-E). The primary endpoint will be overall postoperative morbidity assessed via the comprehensive complication index (CCI) within 30 days after surgery. Specific perioperative parameters, as well as patient-reported and oncological outcomes, will be analysed as secondary outcomes.
Discussion: The MICkey trial will address the yet unanswered question whether the total minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIN-E) is superior to HYBRID-E procedure regarding overall postoperative morbidity.
Trial registration: DRKS00027927, U1111-1277-0214
Mars’s crustal and volcanic structure explained by southern giant impact and resulting mantle depletion
Authors: Cheng Kar Wai , Rozel Antoine , Golabek Gregor , Ballantyne Harry , Jutzi Martin , Tackley Paul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Mars features a crustal dichotomy, with its southern hemisphere covered by a thicker basaltic crust than its northern hemisphere[1,2]. Additionally, the planet displays geologically recent volcanism only in its low latitude regions[3-5]. Previous giant impact models coupled with simulations of mantle convection have shown that the crustal dichotomy can be explained by post-impact melt crystallization that emplaced a thick crust in the southern hemisphere[6-8]. In this study, we show that the depleted residue left behind by the original post-impact crustal formation can spread laterally, potentially persisting beneath the northern hemisphere to the present day. Such a large-scale mantle province would concurrently explain both the prevalence of long-term magmatism on Mars and its strong preference for localised equatorial regions.
Seroprevalence of Anti-Sars-CoV-2 Antibodies in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Martin-Arranz M. D. , García-Ramírez L. , Hernandez-Perez M. , Vega D. Montero , Martín-Arranz E. , Sánchez-Azofra M. , Cordon J. Poza , Garcia J. L. Rueda , Belda J. Noci , Martínez-Meco T. Verges , Miguel P. Blanco San , Ferrer C. Suarez 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with biologic and/or immunosuppressant drugs are at increased risk for opportunistic infections. Seroprevalence studies can confirm the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as the associated risk factors.
This is a descriptive study which primary endpoints were to highlight the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a cohort of IBD patients, and to analyze seroconversion in patients with known COVID-19 infection and its relationship with IBD treatments.
Patients filled in a questionnaire about symptoms of COVID-19 infection and clinical information about their IBD. All included patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
392 patients were included. Among patients with clinical infection, 69 patients (17,65%) were IgG-positive, 286 (73,15%) IgG-negative and 36 (9,21%) indeterminate.
In relation to seroconversion among patients under biologic treatment, 13 patients of the 23 with a previous positive CRP developed antibodies (56.5%). However, when the influence of immunosuppressive treatment on the probability of developing antibodies was analyzed, no significant differences were seen between those patients with or without treatment (77.8% vs. 77.1%, p=0.96).
In our cohort of IBD patients, after one year of pandemic, there were 18.64% IgG positive patients, a higher prevalence than the general population (15.7%).
Effectiveness of Family Support Health Education Intervention to Improve Health-Related Quality of Life Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Melaka, Malaysia.
Authors: Saidi Syafiq Sidqi , Manaf Rosliza Abdul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is an important public health problem in Malaysia. In this country, limited research has been carried out on the impact of the disease on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Family support interventions had been shown to be effective in improving the PTB treatment outcomes.

Objectives

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a newly developed Family Support Health Education (FASTEN) intervention in improving the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among PTB patients in Melaka, as compared to the current conventional disease management.

Materials and Methods

A single-blinded, randomized controlled field trial study design was conducted in Melaka from September 2019 until August 2021, involving newly diagnosed PTB patients. The participants were randomized either into the intervention group (FASTEN intervention) or into the control group (conventional management). They were interviewed by using a validated questionnaire that includes the Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2), at three time points: at diagnosis, two months and six months after diagnosis. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 24. The Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, in terms of the HRQoL score difference between the groups, adjusted for baseline covariates.

Results

The HRQoL among PTB patients was lower than the HRQoL of general Malaysian population. Among the total 88 respondents, the three lowest HRQoL domains scores at baseline were Social Functioning (SF), Role limitation due to Physical condition (RP) and Vitality (VT) with the median (IQR) scores of 27.26 (10.03), 30.21 (11.23) and 34.77 (8.92) respectively. The median (IQR) for Physical Component Score (PCS) was 43.58 (7.44) and for Mental Component Score (MCS) was 40.71 (8.77). There were significant difference in the HRQoL median scores between the intervention group compared to the control group, as the Physical Functioning (PF) (p = 0.018), RP (p < 0.001), General Health (GH) (p < 0.001), VT (p < 0.001), SF (p < 0.001), Role limitation due to Emotional condition (RE) (p < 0.001), General Mental Health (MH) (p < 0.001), and the MCS (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The FASTEN intervention is effective to improve the overall HRQoL among PTB patients compared with the conventional management. It was recommended that the TB program should incorporate the involvement of family members in the patient’s management.
The protocol was registered with RCT registered body (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry – Registration Number: ACTRN12619001720101).
Myopia Prevention and Control in Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Guanghong , Jiang Jun , Qu Chao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectives To analyze and compare the efficacy of different interventions for myopia prevention and control in children. Methods We searched CNKI, VIP, Wan-Fang, CBM, Chinese Clinical Registry, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to July 2022. We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included interventions to slow myopia progression in children with a treatment duration of at least 1 year for analysis. Both inconsistency test and node splitting method were used to analyze inconsistency. The main outcomes included mean annual change in axial length (AL) (millimeters/year) and in refraction (R) (diopters/year). RESULTS A total of 81 RCTs (27227 eyes) were included. In comparison with control, orthokeratology (AL, -0.36 [-0.53, -0.20], P < 0.05; R, 0.55 [0.31, 0.80], P < 0.05), 1%Atropine (AL, -0.39 [-0.65, -0.14], P < 0.05; R, 0.53 [0.28, 0.79], P < 0.05), 1%Atropine + bifocal spectacle lenses (AL, -0.60 [-1.1, -0.13], P < 0.05; R, 1.1 [0.55, 1.6], P < 0.05), 0.01%Atropine + orthokeratology (AL, -0.47 [-0.79, -0.14], P < 0.05; R, 0.81 [0.38, 1.2], P < 0.05) could significantly slow the progression of myopia; in addition, progressive multi-focal spectacle lenses (0.42, [0.00, 0.85], P < 0.05), progressive multi-focal soft contact lenses (0.78, [0.20, 1.4], P < 0.05), 0.5%Atropine (0.69 [0.24, 1.1], P < 0.05), 0.1%Atropine (0.43 [0.11, 0.75], P < 0.05), 0.05%Atropine (0.56 [0.24, 0.89], P < 0.05), 0.01%Atropine (0.34 [0.13, 0.54], P < 0.05), 1%Atropine + progressive multi-focal spectacle lenses (0.66 [0.17, 1.1], P < 0.05), 0.01%Atropine + single vision spectacle lenses (0.70 [0.18, 1.2], P < 0.05), bifocal spectacle lenses + Massage (0.85 [0.16, 1.5], P < 0.05) showed significant slowing effect on the increase in refraction. Conclusions This network meta-analysis suggests that the combined measures were most effective, followed by Atropine.
The whole fish on the table: maximizing nutrient utilization from global capture fisheries
Authors: Cardinaals Renee , Simon Wolfram , Ziegler Friederike , Wiegertjes Geert , Meer Jaap van der , Zanten Hannah Van 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The global food system is facing the challenge of producing sufficient nutrients to accommodate future demands within planetary boundaries, while reducing malnutrition. Although nutrient-rich seafood can play a prominent role in resolving this challenge, seafood from capture fisheries is currently partly wasted. The aim of this study was to quantify the nutrient contribution from capture fisheries under the assumption that all captured seafood and byproducts from seafood processing would be used for human consumption. Our results show that available seafood per capita can be doubled without increasing harvest when all reported, illegal, and discarded capture as food, complemented with processing byproducts are used. Moreover, seafood contributes significantly to daily nutrient requirements – e.g., omega-3 can be fully met. These results indicate that putting the whole fish on the table can increase nutrient availability from capture fisheries substantially and sustainably.
WITHDRAWN: The enhancement of energetic and exergetic performance of embedded twisted rib turbulator over absorber plate of solar air heater
Authors: Kumar Anup , Sen Amit Prakash , Kumar Amit , Kumar Rajiv Ranjan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Owing to present investigation, a stochastic analysis is conducted to numerically optimize the energetic and exergetic efficiencies of embedded twisted rib turbulator over absorber plate of solar air heaters (SAHs). These efficiencies are assessed taking into account temperature rise and design characteristics. The criterion in context to energy efficiency do not take into consideration the pumping force which is needed to blow the air from the duct. Therefore, estimating the energy distribution of solar air heaters becomes a difficult task when evaluating their exergetic or effective efficiency. The experimental work determined the Nu and fr correlations in the term of geometrical configurations which are considered for evaluating the thermal behavior and compared to prior findings with smooth plate. The Optimal turbulator parameters were defined by the exergetic efficiency criterion in terms of the Reynolds and insolation.
Maximum improvements in energetic and exergetic efficiencies were reported as ηth=1.81; ηeff=1.79 and ηII=1.82 times over smooth plate for a geometric arrangement with P/e = 8, α = 60°, y/e = 3 and Re = 5000. The maximum differences between simulated and experimental results, when taken into account, resulted ± 6%. The current methodology also tackles the methods to research novel artificial turbulator to increase the energetic and exergetic performance of a SAHs, making it feasible to develop a design plot for the turbulator parameter without having to spend a lot of money on actual trials.