bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Subsurface Integrity of Depleted Porous Gas Reservoirs for the Purpose of Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Andiappan Anitha , Pichler Markus , Bauer Stephan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Geographical and seasonal differences in the supply and demand of renewable energy is a great challenge for building a sustainable future energy system. One approach is to store renewable energy in the form of hydrogen in existing depleted underground gas reservoirs and retrieve this energy on demand. However, it is unknown if the storage of hydrogen is technologically feasible, specifically if hydrogen can be stored in the same way as natural gas in porous reservoirs and if there are negative impacts on integrity and safety of the surface and subsurface storage facility. To answer these questions, RAG Austria AG has conducted field and laboratory experiments in the past decade. We have injected gas mixtures containing up to 20 volume percent of hydrogen into a depleted porous gas reservoir as part of the field test.
First, we evaluated the gas composition, downhole pressure and temperature measurements as well as microbial data from the field test. Our findings suggest changes in the composition of produced gas, however no negative effects on reservoir integrity and no apparent geochemical effects. Next, we investigated the tightness of the caprock against hydrogen intrusion. The experimental results show that the behavior of hydrogen in the sealing materials is similar to that of natural gas. Furthermore, laboratory experiments with pure hydrogen revealed that diffusion effects in reservoir rocks can be neglected for the timeframe of seasonal gas storage. Taken together, these first results indicate that storage of hydrogen in depleted porous gas reservoirs could be a way forward to have hydrogen as a more reliable and versatile energy carrier. Still, we need to gain more insights regarding safety and technical feasibility for the underground storage of pure hydrogen. To address this, RAG Austria AG will start an unprecedented field test with pure hydrogen in a porous depleted gas reservoir in 2023.
Domestication, Growth Performance, Length-weight Relationship and Chemical Composition of Land Crab (Cardisomaarmatum) Fed With Compounded Feeds of Plant and Animal Proteins
Authors: Jolaosho Toheeb Lekan , Akintola Shehu Latunji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Preliminary research on the domestication of mangrove fisheries resources, especially those with high aquaculture potential, is mandatory as a requirement for aquaculture activities to ensure sustainability. This study evaluated the possible domestication, growth performance, and length-weight relationship of Land crab (Cardisoma armatum) crablets reared for twelve (12) weeks and fed complete (control), animal, and plant-based compounded diets, as well as the influence of formulated feeds on the biochemical profile of the domesticated crabs. Sixty (60) crablets of mixed sizes and sexes weighing 22–24 g was stocked at the rate of ten C. armatum crabs in three treatments and three replicate units and cultured for 12 weeks. The crab tissues after the completion of the feeding trial were manually detached from their bodies, processed, and transported to the laboratory for biochemical analysis.
Result The result of the biochemical contents of the C. armatum samples showed that the choice of ingredients utilized in feed formulation influenced the nutritional and mineral compositions. The final body weights were 46.10±0.10 g for crabs fed a complete diet, 38.92±0.15 g for a plant-based diet, and 47.84±0.18 g for an animal-based diet. The results obtained for the length-weight relationship of the crab samples showed a negative allometric growth pattern (b<3). However, the result of the condition factor for females, males, and combined sexes was greater than 1. The results obtained in the preliminary study showed that C. armatum can be successfully domesticated if properly managed.
Conclusion Cardisoma armatum fed with an animal-based compound diet had better overall growth performance and converted their feed better. Further study on the reproduction and domestication of C. armatum in captivity is hereby recommended to increase food security and sustainability.
Synthesis of TiO2 Nanotubes from Ilmenite with CuS nanoparticles as Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalyst
Authors: Abbaspour Farhad , Sarvi Mehdi Nasiri , Azimi Ebrahim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotube (TNT) is one of the most widely used photocatalysts. In this research, TNT was prepared by a facile method using ilmenite (FeTiO3) concentrate as the titanium source. For this purpose, iron was leached out from ilmenite using HCl in assistance with the iron powder as the reducing agent to produce pure TiO2, where consequently, TNT was produced through hydrothermal treatment of the prepared TiO2 in an alkaline solution. CuS quantum dots, using the L-Cysteine as a linker, were coated on the TNT to improve TNTs’ photocatalytic properties. Characterization was done using XRD, SEM, FESEM, HRTEM, FT-IR, nitrogen sorption, and band gap measurement. The results revealed the formation of TNT with a star-shaped macrostructure as well as, a good dispersion of uniform CuS quantum dots with an average diameter of a few nanometers on the TiO2 structure. A dye adsorption kinetics study of the TNT and CuS-dopped TNT showed that TNT carries a higher adsorption capacity compared to the CuS-dopped TNT, developed due to its higher surface area and pore volume. Next, the photocatalytic performance (under visible light) of the prepared composite was studied over the methylene blue and malachite green dyes, after the determination of the dye adsorption equilibrium point (where the adsorption stops). TNT showed almost no dye degradation while the prepared composite degraded almost 95% of the dyes as the result of the reduced band gap from 3.21 to 2.67 eV. In this study, for the first time, the TNT was prepared using a mineral source, ilmenite, enhanced in photocatalytic properties, and presented a successful application.
Advancements in Electronic Identification of Animals and Augmented Reality Technologies in Digital Livestock Farming
Authors: Pinna Daniele , Sara Gabriele , Todde Giuseppe , Atzori Alberto Stanislao , Artizzu Valentino , Spano Lucio Davide , Caria Maria 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Modern livestock farm technologies allow operators to have access to a multitude of data thanks to the high number of mobile and fixed sensors available on both the livestock farming machinery and the animals. These data can be consulted via PC, tablet, and smartphone, which must be handheld by the operators, leading to an increase in the time needed for on-field activities. In this scenario, the use of augmented reality smart glasses could allow the visualization of data directly in the field, providing for a hands-free environment for the operator to work. Nevertheless, to visualize specific animal information, a connection between the augmented reality smart glasses and electronic animal identification is needed. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to develop and test a wearable framework, called SmartGlove that is able to link RFID animal tags and augmented reality smart glasses via a Bluetooth connection, allowing the visualization of specific animal data directly in the field. Moreover, another objective of the study was to compare different levels of augmented reality technologies (assisted reality vs. mixed reality) to assess the most suitable solution for livestock management scenarios. For this reason, the developed framework and the related augmented reality smart glasses applications were tested in the laboratory and in the field. Furthermore, the stakeholders’ point of view was analyzed using two standard questionnaires, the NASA-Task Load Index and the IBM-Post Study System Usability Questionnaire. The outcomes of the laboratory tests underlined promising results regarding the operating performances of the developed framework, showing no significant differences if compared to a commercial RFID reader. During the on-field trial, all the tested systems were capable of performing the task in a short time frame. Furthermore, the operators underlined the advantages of using the SmartGlove system coupled with the augmented reality smart glasses for the direct on-field visualization of animal data.
: Pro Re Nata brolucizumab for early onset and treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema: a prospective study
Authors: Bilgic Alper , Kodjikian Laurent , Gonzalez-Cortes Jesus , de Ribot Francesc March , Deshpande Riddhima , Spitzer Martin , Mathis Thibaud , Sudhalkar Aditya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To determine the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab therapy administered on a pro re nata (PRN) basis without loading dose in treatment naïve patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) for 1 year follow-up.
METHODS
Patients with recent DME (< 6 months) received a mandatory brolucizumab injection at inclusion and other injections could be given on a PRN basis with an 8-week interval (between injections) at minimum. Rescue therapy with other anti-VEGF was possible in case of incomplete DME resolution after the second brolucizumab and with a minimum of 1-month treatment free interval between 2 injections. The primary outcome measure was the change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 12 months. Secondary outcome measures included the change in central subfield thickness (CST), the change in hard exudate surface area and microaneurysms at 1 year.
RESULTS
A total of 53 patients were included. At 12 months, the mean (SD) number of injections was 2.6 (0.8) in addition to the first mandatory injection. The mean (SD) interval between 2 consecutive injections was 3.2 (1.4) months. The mean (SD) BCVA improved from 0.62 (0.1) logMAR to 0.40 (0.16) logMAR (p = 0.012). The mean CST reduced from 397.0 (47.2) µm to 224.5 (28.1) µm (p = 0.013). The hard exudate surface area decreased significantly (p = 0.012) as did the number of microaneurysms (p = 0.02). Seven patients required at least 1 rescue therapy and no patients experienced intra-ocular inflammatory adverse events.
CONCLUSION
Brolucizumab therapy for DME is a safe and effective modality for the treatment of recent DME and has the potential to reduce the number of injections.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Control for Waste Biorefining Processes Under Uncertainty
Authors: Gao Ji , Wahlen Abigael , Ju Caleb , Chen Yongsheng , Lan Guanghui , tong Zhaohui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Waste biorefining processes face significant challenges related to the variability of feedstocks. The supply and composition of multiple feedstocks in these processes can be uncertain, making it difficult to achieve economically feasible and sustainable waste valorization for large-scale production. Here, we introduce a reinforcement learning-based framework that aims to control these uncertainties and improve the efficiency of the process. The framework is tested on an anaerobic digestion process and is found to perform better than traditional control strategies. In the short term, it achieves faster target tracking with increased precision and accuracy, while in the long term, it shows adaptive and robust behavior even under additional seasonal supply variability, meeting downstream demand with high probability. This reinforcement learning-based framework offers a promising and scalable solution to address uncertainty issues in real-world biorefining processes. If implemented, this framework could contribute to sustainable waste management practices globally, making waste biorefining processes more economically viable and environmentally friendly.
Photocatalytic behavior for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions via nanocomposites based on Gd2O3/CdS and cellulose acetate nanofibers
Authors: Abdrabou Dalia , Ahmed Mohamed , Hussein Ali , El-Sherbini Tharwat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Efficient cleaning of contaminated water by photocatalysis has become an effective strategy in recent years due to its environmental and ecological designation. The cadmium sulfate (CdS) ) is an excellent photocatalyst in the visible region but has low quantum efficiency. In order to increase the photocataletic efficiency, CdS was modified with gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) and combined with graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles. The estimated crystallite size (Ds) for Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3 and CdS/Gd2O3@GO was 29.6, 11.6 and 11.5 nm, respectively. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) reaches the highest values after (60 min) under visible light irradiation with a dye concentration of (0.25 ppm). Whereas in powdered composition the efficiency of dye removal has been enhanced under UV irradiation, while it reduced by increasing the MB concentration to 0.50 ppm with visible light irradiation. In addition, the CdS with/without Gd2O3 and GO were integrated into electrospun nanofibrous cellulose acetate (CA) through the electrospinning technique. The compounds of Gd2O3, CdS/Gd2O3 and CdS/Gd2O3/GO were encapsulated into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers, for the degradation of MB under visible and UV irradiation. The apparent rate constant (k) achieves a value of 0.006, 0.007 and 0.0013 min− 1 while, the removal efficiency reaches 41.02%, 54.71%, and 71.42% for Gd2O3@CA, CdS/Gd2O3@CA, CdS/Gd2O3/GO@CA respectively after 60 min under UV irradiation.
Optimizing Oil Spill Emergency Logistics: A Time-Varying Multi-Resource Collaborative Scheduling Model
Authors: Zhang Lingye , Lu Jing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Emergency resource scheduling is at the heart of the response to an oil spill, as it lays the foundation for all other emergency operations. Extant studies address the dynamicity inherent to these operations primarily by modeling a dynamic network flow with static data, which is not applicable to continuously changing conditions resulting from oil film movement. In order to enhance the responsiveness and cost-efficiency of the response to oil spills, this paper takes a novel approach and formulates a multi-objective location-routing model for multi-resource collaborative scheduling, namely, harnessing time-varying parameters rather than static data to model real-time changes in the demand for emergency resources and the transportation network. Additionally, the model considers various operational factors, including the transportation of multiple resources in the order of operating procedures; the coordination of split delivery with the consumption of emergency resources; and the matching of multiple resources with suitable vehicles. To solve the proposed model, a hybrid heuristic algorithm of PSO-PGSA is developed, which utilizes particle swarm optimization (PSO) to search widely for non-dominated solutions. The algorithm then makes use of the plant growth simulation algorithm (PGSA) to find the more effective vehicle routes based on the obtained solutions. Finally, a numerical analysis is used to illustrate the practical capabilities of the developed model and solution strategies. Most significantly, our work not only to validated the methodology proposed here, but also underlines the importance of incorporating the features of an oil spill emergency response into emergency logistics in general.
Dig up tall fescue plastid genomes for the identification of morphotype- specific DNA markers or variants
Authors: Islam Md. Shofiqul , Chekhovskiy Konstantin , Saha Malay C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceaSchreb.) is an important cool-season perennial grass species. Hexaploid tall fescue has three distinct morphotypes used either as forage or turf purposes. Its chloroplast genome is conserved due to maternally inherited to the next generation progenies. To identify morphotype-specific DNA markers and the genetic variations, plastid genomes of all three tall fescue morphotypes, i.e., Continental cv. Texoma MaxQ II, rhizomatous cv. Torpedo, and Mediterranean cv. Resolute have been sequenced using Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform.
Results: Chloroplast DNA was extracted from the tall fescue young leaves and used for genome sequencing. The plastid genomes of Continental-, rhizomatous-, and Mediterranean tall fescue were then assembled into a circular master molecule of 135,283 bp, 135,336 bp, and 135,324 bp, respectively. The tall fescue plastid genome of all morphotypes contained 77 protein-coding, 20 tRNAs, four rRNAs, two pseudo protein-coding, and three hypothetical protein-coding genes. We identified 630 SNPs and 124 InDels between Continental and Mediterranean, 62 SNPs and 20 InDels between Continental and rhizomatous, and 635 SNPs and 123 InDels between rhizomatous and Mediterranean tall fescue. Only four InDels in four genes (ccsA, rps18, accD, and ndhH-p) were identified, which discriminated Continental and rhizomatous genomes from Mediterranean genome. Here, we identified and reported eight InDel markers (NRITCHL18, NRITCHL35, NRITCHL43, NRITCHL65, NRITCHL72, NRITCHL101, NRITCHL104, and NRITCHL110) from the intergenic regions that can successfully discriminate tall fescue morphotypes.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report of the assembled plastid genomes of rhizomatous cv. Torpedo and Mediterranean cv. Resolute tall fescue. Our results will help to identify tall fescue morphotypes at the time of pre-breeding and will contribute to the development of both lawn and forage type commercial varieties.
Applying exercise capacity and physical activity as single vs. composite endpoints for trials of cardiac rehabilitation interventions: Rationale, use-case, and a blueprint method for sample size calculation
Authors: Carrozzo Eleonora , Cornelissen Veronique , Bathke Arne C. , Claes Jomme , Niebauer Josef , Zimmermann Georg , Treff Gunnar , Kulnik Stefan Tino 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To conceptualise a composite primary endpoint (CE) for parallel-group RCTs of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) interventions, and to explore its application and statistical efficiency.
Study design and setting
We combined exercise capacity and physical activity for the CE, both being directly related to reduced premature mortality in cardiac patients. Based on smallest detectable and smallest clinically important changes (Δ exercise capacity of 15 W and Δ physical activity of 10 min/day), the CE combines two dichotomous endpoints (achieved/not achieved). To examine statistical efficiency, we compared sample size requirements based on the CE to single endpoints using data from two completed CR trials.
Results
Expecting, e.g., a 10% between-group difference and improvement in the clinical outcome, the CE would require a sample size increase by up to 21% or 61%, depending on the dataset. When expecting a 10% difference and designing an intervention with the aim of non-deterioration,the CE would allow to reduce the sample size by up to 55% or 70%.
Conclusion
Trialists may consider the utility of the CE for future studies in exercise-based CR, which could reduce sample size requirements. However, perhaps surprisingly at first, the CE could also lead to an increased sample size needed, depending on the observed baseline proportions in the trial population and the aim of the intervention.
Study on tourism economic resilience evaluation and governance model of island cities under uncertain environment: A case study of Hainan island, China
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Shen Mingzhe , Yu Hu , Liu Tongtong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the face of uncertain development scenarios, there is an urgent need for exploratory research on the resilience of urban tourism economies. This study uses Hainan island as a case study to explore the level of urban tourism economic resilience, the barriers, and its governance model from 2000 to 2020. The results show that: (1) Hainan island's urban tourism economic resilience shows cyclical dynamic evolution characteristics, with Sanya and Haikou as the extremely high points; their long-term tourism economic resilience values are 8.31 and 7.63, respectively, forming a northeast-southwest trending resilience pattern; and the evaluation index system and measurement model results are basically consistent; (2) The Gini coefficient of Hainan island's urban tourism economic resilience basically remains within the range of 0.35–0.40, with the "Hai-Cheng-Wen integrated economic circle" in the north being the area with the most significant differences between groups and Sanya city, Lingshui county, and Ledong county in the south being the areas with the most significant differences within groups; (3) As the coordination role is constrained by the high resilience, Sanya city and Haikou city become the cities with the lowest equilibrium entropy value; (4) The factor linkage model, the structural adaptability model, and the function matching model are proposed from the factor, structure, and function dimensions in order to provide a theoretical basis for strengthening the resilience of the tourism economy of Hainan island.
Fault diagnosis of gearbox based on Fourier Bessel EWT and manifold regularization ELM
Authors: Wang Ke , Qin Fengqing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The novel fault diagnosis method of gearbox based on Fourier Bessel series expansion-based empirical wavelet transform (FBEWT) and manifold regularization extreme learning machine (MRELM) is proposed to obtain excellent fault diagnosis results of gearbox in this paper. A new feature extraction strategy based on Fourier Bessel series expansion-based empirical wavelet transform is used to capture the key non-stationary features of the vibrational signal of gearbox, and significantly improve the diagnosis ability of gearbox. The ELM with manifold regularization is proposed for fault diagnosis of gearbox. In order to outstand the superiority and stability of the proposed FBEWT and manifold regularization ELM, the balanced dataset and unbalanced dataset, respectively, are used. The experimental results testify that FBEWT-MRELM are more superior and stable than EWT-MRELM, and EWT-ELM regardless of balanced dataset and unbalanced dataset.