bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Building Energy Consumption Characteristics Using Analytical Energy and Carbon Footprint Assessment Model
Authors: Usman Abdullahi Mohammed , Abdullah Mohammad Kamil 
Published: March 2023

The study aims at developing an analytical assessment model for use in assessing building energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emission characteristics. The methodology includes selecting appropriate indicators, tool development and description, indicators description, energy and carbon characteristics assessment, and performance evaluation. The characteristics measured are renewable energy adoption (REA), overall and roof thermal transfer values (OTTV), (RTTV) and (U-value), natural ventilation and daylighting access (NVA) and (NDA), thermal comfort index (TCI) and daylighting access factor (DAF). Operational characteristics indexes are building energy and carbon indexes (BEIx) and (BECIx), energy and carbon reduction indexes (BERI) and (BECRI), energy and carbon intensities (BEIy) and (BECIy), and billing cost reduction (BCR). Four faculty buildings and a library building were assessed and tagged as case studies A, B, C, D, and E. The case studies assessed have BEI of 79.85, 131.37, 60.21, 161.47, and 63.86 kWh/m2/year and BECI of 55, 91, 42, 112, and 44 kg.CO2e/m2/year respectively. These values lead to BERI and BECRI of 22, 16, 27, 16, and 36% respectively. From these results it can be seen that case studies A, C and E have the lowest BEI of 80, 60, and 64 kWh/m2/year and the highest BERI and BECRI of 22, 27, and 36% respectively. These give them a higher billing cost reduction of 36%, greater than 80 points, and excellent practice performance. The tool provides all the project-level design and operational considerations, emission reduction strategy, and estimation. The ability of the tool to assess the case study buildings makes it suitable for adoption by organizations and governments for accounting and monitoring energy usage and GHG emission associated with building life cycle activities. The study shows that utilizing appropriate strategies and practice on building design and operation respectively improves building energy usage.

Received: 14 November 2022 | Revised: 4 March 2023 | Accepted: 6 March 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
Comparison of Early Outcome of the Close and Open Technique for the Treatment of Distal Femur Fractures
Authors: Fahad Nawaz Khan  , Ali Shami  , Muhammad Hanif  , Yasir Farhan  , Yasir Habib  , Badar Munir  
Published: March 2023

Objective: To compare the effects of closed and open techniques with its associated complications used for the management of distal femoral fracture in younger to older populations.
Methodology: This was a case series study conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad from Sept 2018- March 2019. A total of 66 adult patients were stratified according to treatment technique; closed technique group and open technique group with 33 patients in each group between age 18 - 65 years with fractured close distal 1/3rd shaft of femur distal femur fractures based on AO/OTA classification were included in the study. The Chi-square test was applied to contrast outcomes of closed and open technique and HSS score categories in both procedures.
Results: The study findings showed that the mean age of the patient was slightly greater in the open technique group (41.5 + 23.5 years) compared to the closed technique (29.8 + 11.8 years). Most of the patients had type A femur fracture. The postoperative mean HSS knee score was 70.1 + 15.1 in the open technique group compared to 74.5 + 12.5 in the closed technique group with an insignificant difference between the two means (p<0.949). An insignificant difference was observed in postoperative infection, non-union, and implant failure between both groups.
Conclusion: This study concluded that superior outcomes such as bony union without infection were achieved in patients with femur fractures treated with closed technique as compared to open technique, although the findings were statistically insignificant. Moreover, the functional outcome of the knee joint was also distinctly improved in the closed technique.
Keywords: Â Distal femur fracture, retrograde intramedullary femoral nail, locking compression plate, complications
Application of Microwave-Assisted Drying to Shorten Granules Drying Process for the Preparation of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. Leaf Tablets
Authors: Suksaeree Jirapornchai , Monton Chaowalit , Chankana Natawat , Charoenchai Laksana 
Published: March 2023

Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. is a medicinal plant that belongs to the family of Acanthaceae. It possesses several biological and pharmacological activities. According to the Thai National List of Essential Medicines, T. laurifolia leaves are used for the treatment of fever. This work sought to optimize microwave-assisted drying of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. leaf granules to shorten the granule drying process by the 32 full factorial design. Power was varied from 300, 450 and 600 W for 5, 10 and 15 min, to minimize moisture content and maximize rosmarinic acid content. Results showed that the optimal microwave-assisted drying condition within the design space and control space was the power of 450 W for 13 min. This condition gave the moisture content of 4.77 ± 0.24 % and rosmarinic acid content of 0.0566 ± 0.0075 %. The HPLC method was validated; it showed good linearity, specificity, precision, and accuracy. Furthermore, the system suitability was achieved. The T. laurifolia leaf granules obtained from the optimal microwave-assisted drying condition were further used to prepare T. laurifolia leaf tablets by the wet granulation method. Three batches of 650 mg tablets containing 250 mg of T. laurifolia leaf powder were prepared using different compression forces: 500, 1,000 and 1,500 psi. The suitable compression force was 1,500 psi; the tablet formulation had suitable hardness (9.88 ± 0.52 kP), low friability (0.20 %), and a short disintegration time (23.17 ± 0.76 s). Rosmarinic acid marker was dissolved from the tablets for approximately 75 % within 4 h when 0.5 % sodium lauryl sulfate aqueous solution was used as dissolution medium. In conclusion, microwave-assisted drying could be applied in preparing T. laurifolia leaf tablets by shortening the granules drying time.
HIGHLIGHTS

The 32 full factorial design was applied to optimize microwave-assisted drying of Thunbergia laurifolia leaf granules
The optimal microwave-assisted drying condition providing the low moisture content with high rosmarinic acid content was the power of 450 W for 13 min
The tablets prepared from laurifolia leaf granules had suitable hardness, low friability, short disintegration time, and a high percentage of rosmarinic acid marker dissolved

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
NÁVRAT K TRADIČNÝM MATERIÁLOM - KONOPNÝ BETÓN
Authors: Štefunková Zuzana , Gregorová Valéria 
Published: March 2023

Uvedený príspevok sa zaoberá štúdiou znovuobjaveného prírodného materiálu - konopným betónom. Názov konopný betón je v skutočnosti mätúci, nakoľko predstavuje zmes konopného pazderia, stavebného vápna a vody, ktorá neobsahuje cement ani kamenivo. Budovy postavené z konopného betónu sa vyznačujú veľmi príjemnou a zdravou vnútornou klímou, čo má dopad na zníženie nákladov na udržanie vnútornej pohody. Konopný betón je atraktívny aj pre svojpomocných staviteľov, keďževyžaduje len minimálnu technologickú vybavenosť. Pestovanie konopy siatej je nenáročné, pretože rastlina rýchlo rastie a je odolná voči škodcom. Nevýhodou je však jej zber a spracovanie, ktoré si vyžaduje špeciálnu mechanizáciu alebo ručný zber.
Impact of topography on in situ soil wetness measurements for regional landslide early warning – a case study from the Swiss Alpine Foreland
Authors: Wicki Adrian , Lehmann Peter , Hauck Christian , Stähli Manfred 
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of in situ
soil wetness measurements to predict regional shallow landslides. Increasing
availability of monitoring data from sensor networks provides valuable
information for developing future regional landslide early warning systems
(LEWSs); however, most existing monitoring sites are located on flat
terrain. The question arises of if the representativeness for regional
landslide activity would improve if sensors were installed on a
landslide-prone hillslope. To address this, two soil wetness monitoring
stations were installed at close proximity on a steep slope and on a flat
location in the Napf region (Northern Alpine Foreland of Switzerland), and
measurements were conducted over a period of 3 years. As both sites inhibit
similar lithological, vegetation, and precipitation characteristics, soil
hydrological differences can be attributed to the impact of topography and
hydrogeology. At the sloped site, conditions were generally wetter and less
variable in time, and evidence was found for temporary lateral water
transport along the slope. These differences were systematic and could be
reduced by considering relative soil moisture changes. The application of a
statistical landslide forecast model showed that both sites were equally
able to distinguish critical from non-critical conditions for landslide
triggering, which demonstrates the value of existing monitoring sites in
flat areas for the application in LEWSs.
Investigation of Dielectric, Magnetic and Electrical Behavior of BFO/GNPs Nano-Composites Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Nageena Arsa , Manzoor Alina , Muhammad Afzal Amir , Arshad Muhammad Imran , Shahzad Aamir , Kashif Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

Nano composites of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3 multiferroic with graphene nano platelets (GNPs)x (x = 0, 0.125 %, 0.375 %, and 0.5 %) were synthesized using sol-gel auto ignition process. XRD analysis revealed a single rhombohedrally distorted phase of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3. The present study unfold the impact of GNPs on the structural, electrical, dielectric, and magnetic properties of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3 multiferroics. The substitution of Rare earth elements in pure BFO reduced the value of leakage current which is the basic drawback related with pure BFO. The prepared nanocomposites are then sintered at 800 °C for 7 hrs. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed the rhombohedral distorted perovskite crystal structure of the prepared samples including lattice constant, crystallite size, and X-ray density. The average crystallite sizes of the prepared nanocomposites are noticed in the range 28.14 -to 29.74 nm with increasing the GNPs concentration and lattice constant is found in the range 11.59 -to 11.61 Å. Temperature-dependent resistivity is first observed to increase with an increase in temperature then resistivity decreased with increasing the temperature which indicates a semi-conductor-like behavior as measured by two probe I-V characteristics. LCR technique showed that both the dielectric constant and the dissipation factor are decreased with an increase in frequency. VSM results indicated that saturation magnetization is noted to increase while remanent magnetization decreases with increasing concentration of GNPs.
The impact of occupational exposures on infection rates during the COVID-19 pandemic: a test-negative design study with register data of 207 034 Dutch workers
Authors: Eekhout Iris , van Tongeren Martie , Pearce Neil , Oude Hengel Karen M 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of occupational exposures on the risk of a positive COVID-19 test, and whether this differed across pandemic waves.
METHODS: Data from 207 034 workers from The Netherlands with test data on COVID-19 from June 2020 until August 2021 were available. Occupational exposure was estimated by using the eight dimensions of a COVID-19 job exposure matrix (JEM). Personal characteristics, household composition and residence area were derived from Statistics Netherlands. A test-negative design was applied in which the risk of a positive test was analyzed in a conditional logit model.
RESULTS: All eight dimensions of occupational exposure included in the JEM increased the odds of a positive test for the entire study period and three pandemic waves [OR ranging from 1.09, (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.17) to 1.77 (95% CI 1.61–1.96)]. Adjusting for a previous positive test and other covariates strongly reduced the odds to be infected, but most dimensions remained at elevated risk. Fully adjusted models showed that contaminated work spaces and face covering were mostly relevant in the first two pandemic waves, whereas income insecurity showed higher odds in the third wave. Several occupations have a higher predicted value for a positive COVID-19 test, with variation over time.
Discussion Occupational exposures are associated with a higher risk of a positive test, but variations over time exist in occupations with the highest risks. These findings provide insights for interventions among workers for future pandemic waves of COVID-19 or other respiratory epidemics.
أثر إستراتيجية التخيل الموجه في تعلم أداء بعض مهارات الكرة الطائرة لدى طالبات الخامس الاعدادي
Authors: فاطمة نعيم عبد الله  , اسيل جليل كاطع  
Published: March 2023

التخيل ملازم لمراحل الحياة ويتميز عن المفاهيم فيكون التخيل تكوين افكار في الدماغ ويتم عرضها ويجد الحلول لها واشباع الحاجات عن مواجهه المواقف ،وبرزت اهمية البحث بالاعتماد على استراتيجية التخيل الموجهه في تعلم بعض مهارات كرة الطائرة، واما مشكلة الضعف الحاصل لدى الطالبات عند تعلم مهارات الكرة الطائرة لاسيما عند المبتدأّت ليظهر بذلك ضعفاً في تعلمهن الاداء المهاري لبعض مهارات الكرة الطائرة ، هدف البحث إلى إعداد وحدات تعليمية بإستراتيجية التخيل الموجه لطالبات الخامس الاعدادي، والتعرف على تأثير إستراتيجية التخيل الموجه في تعلم أداء بعض مهارات الكرة الطائرة لدى طالبات الخامس الاعدادي ،وأعتمدت المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة التجريبية الواحدة ذات الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي، على عينة بلغت (26) طالبة اختيرت عشوائياً بنسبة (25%) من الشعبة B في مدرسة من اعدادية العقيلة المستمرات بالدوام الحضوري للعام الدراسي (2021-2022)، وبعد تحديد الاختبارات تم التجريب بالاستراتيجية قيد البحث لمدة (12) اسبوع زمني متتالي لكل مهارة (4) وحدات تعليمية، بواقع وحدة تعليمية واحدة في الاسبوع، وبعد انتهاء التجريب تمت معالجة النتائج بنظام (SPSS)، و استنتجت الباحثتان أنه يساعد تطبيق إستراتيجية التخيل الموجه في تحسين مستوى أداء مهارات الضرب الساحق، والدفاع عن الملعب، والإعداد الأمامي من فوق الرأس بالكرة الطائرة لدى طالبات الخامس الاعدادي، واوصت من الضروري الإهتمام بتطوير إمكانات مدرسات التربية الرياضية ومعارفهن بإستراتيجية التخيل الموجه لتطبيقها على طالبات المراحل المختلفة بإسلوب يعتمد التخطيط العلمي على وفق أسس ومبادئ التعلم الحركي
DESAFIOS DO ENFERMEIRO NO PLANEJAMENTO REPRODUTIVO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Lopes Alexsânia Letícia Santana , De Moraes Alcilene Fernandes Garcia , Rodrigues Ellen Oliveira Santos , Da Silva Larissa Rayane Openkowski , Figueira Maura Cristiane e Silva , Ribeiro Karina Angélica Alvarenga 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura brasileira científica sobre os desafios enfrentados pelo profissional enfermeiro na implementação do Planejamento Reprodutivo. Métodos: A revisão integrativa é um método de pesquisa que permite reunir e sintetizar as evidências disponíveis sobre o tema investigado. As bases de dados utilizadas para a composição da amostra foram: Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Literatura-Americana e do Caribe em Ciência da Saúde (LILACS), e Scientific Electronic Library Online (ScieELO). Resultados: A análise desses revelou que somente nove atendiam aos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos para a responder à questão norteadora, onde apenas três estudos eram dos últimos cinco anos e os seis artigos restantes eram dos anos de 2006, 2011, 2014, 2015 e 2016. A pesquisa foi separada por categorias temáticas de acordo com o objetivo proposto para a resolução da questão norteadora a saber: Modelo impeditivo para a Integralidade em Saúde e a Profissionalização x Educação Permanente em Saúde. Notou-se que os artigos encontrados eram direcionados as ações dos enfermeiros na assistência juntamente com os desafios e estratégias, destacou-se sobre o atendimento e a importância do profissional. Conclusão: O Planejamento Reprodutivo não ocorre como é preconizado pelas políticas, sendo assim não dependendo somente da implementação e a capacitação do enfermeiro. O mesmo enfrenta dificuldades em realizar uma assistência mais qualificada e integral a população, sendo marcadas por algumas lacunas, onde o programa é realizado de forma vertical e coordenada de maneira secundaria, sendo inserida em outros programas e não sendo direcionado exclusivamente aos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos.
Supervisi Kepala Sekolah terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Evy Segarawati Ampry  , Arsiah  , Muh. Fathudddin Fatwa  , Muh. Inayah A.M.  , Arifuddin  , Abdul Waqif  
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini 1) Untuk mengetahui gambaran supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang. 2) Untuk mengetahui Faktor Pendukung supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang. 3) Untuk mengetahui Faktor Penghambat supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis datanya display data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) Gambaran supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang melalui 8 teknik belum dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh tapi hanya beberapa teknik yang dilaksanakan yaitu teknik kunjungan kelas, rapat dewan guru dan staf. Namun, teknik demonstrasi mengajar dikelas dan penerbitan buletin belum dilakukan; 2) Faktor pendukung supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang yaitu tujuan pendidikan telah dipahami oleh guru, dan adanya umpan balik dari pengawas; 3) Faktor penghambat supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru di UPT SDN 102 Pudukku Kabupaten Enrekang adalah penggunaan waktu yang tidak efektif dan efisien, dan tidak adanya standar pelaksanaan supervisi oleh supervisor.
The population status of sulphur goatfish Upeneus sulphureus in the Iraqi marine waters, northwest Arabian Gulf
Authors: Mohamed A.R.M. , Resen A.K. 
Published: March 2023

The status of the sulphur goatfish Upeneus sulphureus Cuvier, 1829 population in the Iraqi marine waters, north-west of the Arabian Gulf was assessed using FiSAT program from March 2007 to September 2008. A total of 7574 specimens of U. sulphureus were collected by trawl net, their lengths ranged from 5 to 17cm. Length-weight relationship was W = 0.0621 L3.0125. The growth parameters estimated were L∞= 18.85cm and K= 0.72. The growth performance index (ø) of the species was computed as 2.36. Total mortality rate (Z) was computed as 2.43, natural mortality rate (M) was 1.85, fishing mortality rate (F) was 0.58 and the exploitation ratio was 0.32. The values of F and E of U. sulphureus obtained in the present study were lower than those recorded for the same species in the previous studies, whereas the population of the species exposed to higher natural mortality rate. The results indicated that the present levels of E and F were lower than those of the maximum (Y/R)'.
The effect of copper and cadmium on oxygen consumption of the juvenile common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.)
Authors: Hassan B.K. 
Published: March 2023

This study was carried out on juvenile Cyprinus carpio (L.) to investigate the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of copper and cadmium (0.1, 0.25, 0.4 ppm) on the survival rate, oxygen consumption and histopathological changes in the gills of exposed fish. The results showed a decrease in survival rate with increasing concentration of each metal. Copper has the most toxic effect compared with cadmium, the survival rate has decreased from 50% to 10% for copper and from 70% to 20% for cadmium with increasing concentration for 15 days. The half lethal time (LT50) was (14 and >15) days for copper and cadmium, respectively. Oxygen consumption rate decreased with increasing concentration and there was a negative correlation between oxygen consumption and metal concentration. The exposure to each metal caused histopathological changes in the gill and resulted in separation of epithelial secondary gill lamellae, hyperplasia, fusion of secondary lamellae and necrosis.
Spatial distribution of soil water erosion at Al-Hawiz Dam in Western Syria using CORINE model
Authors: Al-Rubaye A. , Barakat M. , Mahmood A.B. 
Published: March 2023

Water erosion is one of the most important environmental problems that cause soil degradation in the areas of water basins in the Syrian coast. The present study aims at determining the spatial distribution of the risk of water erosion of the lands of Al-Hawiz Basin (Jableh region) using the CORINE model. The CORINE model is based on calculating all factors that affect water erosion: soil erosion factor, erosion factor, inclination factor, ground cover fac tor. The soil susceptibility factor for erosion was calculated by estimating both the soil texture, soil depth and gravity percentage for preparing a potential risk map. The feasibility of both the soil susceptibility factor map and the slope map prepared from the use of DEM and the value of the erosion factor were calculated using system technology Geographical information. Then the ground cover map was prepared and classified into two rows according to the degree of protection. The actual risk map was prepared from the seriousness of the potential danger map and the land cover map. The study showed that 12.79% of the studied area is under the control of severe erosion while 32.10% of which had an average risk of erosion, and the risk of erosion was low in the largest part of the area (55.11%). The areas of severe erosion have been concentrated in the central western region of Lake Al-Sadd. It has been shown that vegetation is the most influencing factor in erosion, as it worked to reduce the high risk of possible soil erosion by 50.83%.
Design of Wideband Fractal MIMO Antenna using Minkowski and Koch Hybrid Curves on Half Octagonal Radiating Patch with High Isolation and Gain for 5G Applications
Authors: Sidhu A. K. , Sivia J. S. 
Published: March 2023

This article represents a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) hybrid fractal antenna with wider bandwidth. The hybrid fractal MIMO antenna is created by integrating Minkowski and Koch curves on a half octagonal radiating patch. A wider impedance bandwidth 20.4GHz (1.0 to 21.4GHz) and 6.10GHz (23.9 to 30GHz) along with fractional bandwidth of 182.14% and 22.63% has been achieved by using an amalgamated fractal configuration and a tapered microstrip line feed. The proposed antenna retains high isolation between -20 to -50dB in the entire frequency range along with the DG value greater than 9.99 dB and the ECC less than 0.02. The operating frequency increases from 1.5GHz to 8.5GHz with gain of 8dBi .The gain is almost flat and varies between 4dBi to 7dBi in the frequency range from 8.5GHz to 21.1GHz. Further, in the frequency range from 23.9 to 25.9GHz, the gain rises exponentially to 14dBi Hence, the proposed hybrid fractal MIMO antenna is a proficient candidate for 5G, 3.5GHz band (3.4 – 3.6GHz), 5G NR (New Radio) frequency bands (3.3 – 5.0GHz), LTE band 46 (5.15 – 5.925GHz), EU (European Union) 5G frequency band (5.9 – 6.4GHz), UWB applications (3.1 – 10.6GHz) and 5G 26GHz frequency band.