bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MALDI Imaging Assisted Discovery of a Di‐O‐glycosyltransferase from Platycodon grandiflorum Root
Authors: Tang Weiwei , Shi Jun‐Jie , Liu Wei , Lu Xu , Li Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) assisted genome mining strategy was developed for the discovery of glycosyltransferase (GT) from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum. A di‐O‐glycosyltransferase PgGT1 was discovered and characterized that is capable of catalyzing platycoside E (PE) synthesis through the attachment of two β‐1,6‐linked glucosyl residues sequentially to the glucosyl residue at the C3 position of platycodin D (PD). Although UDP‐glucose is the preferred sugar donor for PgGT1, it could also utilize UDP‐xylose and UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine as weak donors. Residues S273, E274, and H350 played important roles in stabilizing the glucose donor and positioning the glucose in the optimal orientation for the glycosylation reaction. This study clarified two key steps involved in the biosynthetic pathway of PE and could greatly contribute to improving its industrial biotransformation.
Near IR Bandgap Semiconducting 2D Conjugated Metal‐Organic Framework with Rhombic Lattice and High Mobility
Authors: Sporrer Lukas , Zhou Guojun , Wang Mingchao , Balos Vasileios , Revuelta Sergio , Jastrzembski Kamil , Löffler Markus , Petkov Petko , Heine Thomas , Kuc Angieszka , Cánovas Enrique , Huang Zhehao , Feng Xinliang , Dong Renhao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional conjugated metal–organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) are emerging as a unique class of electronic materials. However, 2D c‐MOFs with band gaps in the Vis‐NIR and high charge carrier mobility are rare. Most of the reported conducting 2D c‐MOFs are metallic (i.e. gapless), which largely limits their use in logic devices. Herein, we design a phenanthrotriphenylene‐based, D2h‐symmetric π‐extended ligand (OHPTP), and synthesize the first rhombic 2D c‐MOF single crystals (Cu2(OHPTP)). The continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED) analysis unveils the orthorhombic crystal structure at the atomic level with a unique slipped AA stacking. The Cu2(OHPTP) is a p‐type semiconductor with an indirect band gap of ≈0.50 eV and exhibits high electrical conductivity of 0.10 S cm−1 and high charge carrier mobility of ≈10.0 cm2 V−1 s−1. Theoretical calculations underline the predominant role of the out‐of‐plane charge transport in this semiquinone‐based 2D c‐MOF.
Coating of natural fiber composite envisaging through the patent landscape: An overview
Authors: Natarajan Karthi , Krishnasamy Kumaresan , Devarajan Balaji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOver many years, the Earth being dug out to take the metals and their associate supplements. Digging the ground leads to the weakening of the soil layers leads to landslides is the direct effect. Indirectly affects many soil‐associated creatures and processes and restricts the water flow. Instead, trying to use an alternative material is the better‐known solution. One such material is natural fibers, which have been improved by many to acquire some characteristics like metal. It is tough to achieve, but it can replace it, at least to a small extent. One such technique adopted is coating the natural fibers to make them a viable material to overcome the hydrophilic nature of the natural fiber material. This article discusses an overview of the coating of natural fibers and envisages the growth of coating over a natural fiber.
Interplay between the Edge Dislocation and Hydrogen in Tungsten at Electronically Excited States
Authors: Wang Jiong‐Rong , Ye Xiao‐Bin , Ding Wen‐Yi , Wu Xue‐Bang , Liu Chang‐Song , Pan Bi‐Cai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnder the continuous irradiation of high‐density and high‐energy photons from the plasma core of a fusion reactor, the plasma‐facing materials (PFMs) of tungsten (W) are in electronically excited states. How hydrogen (H) interacts with defective PFMs in an electronically excited state is an open question. The authors report the developed W‐H tight‐binding (TB) potential model and employ this model to systemically investigate the interaction between an edge dislocation in tungsten with H at different electronically excited states. With the enhancement of electronic excitation, the strong attraction of the dislocation core to H slightly fluctuates, while the attraction to H is significantly enhanced in the region outside the dislocation core. When the electronic excitation energy is ≈0.86 eV, the region of tensile stress can trap H without additional energy. Additionally, the electronic excitation simultaneously makes H migration easy. It is revealed that the transfer of partial energy of the excited electrons to the lattice leads to the nonthermal expansion of the system and affects the interaction between the edge dislocation and H. These results not only show the nonthermal effect of tuning the interaction between hydrogen and the edge dislocation in tungsten but also uncover the nature underlying these phenomena.
Description framework of makerspaces: Examining the relationship between spatial arrangement and diverse user populations
Authors: Melo Marijel , March Laura , Hirsh Kimberly , Arnsberg Emily 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs makerspaces continue to proliferate in academic and public libraries, researchers and educators are increasingly concerned with ensuring these STEM‐rich learning environments are inclusive to historically marginalized student communities. This article offers a new framework, the Description Framework of Makerspaces, to outline the relationship between the spatial qualities of makerspaces and the user population it attracts. This study represents the first phase of a 5‐year research program dedicated to analyzing the everyday life information seeking practices that students (un)intentionally make when deciding to engage with a STEM­rich learning environment such as a makerspace. Using constructivist grounded framework to analyze interview data from 17 academic makerspace leaders, we theorize 2 propositions from the main findings: (a) the act of defining a makerspace is difficult and in tension with several imaginings of a makerspace: imagined, ideal, and experienced and (b) a makerspace is significantly composed of affective features that are often unarticulated and abstract. By conceptualizing makerspaces as environments that are configured by both physical and affective characteristics, we reveal insights regarding a baseline conceptualization of the features of a conventional academic makerspace and the design decisions that makerspace leaders make and are confronted with.
Downscaled subseasonal fire danger forecast skill across the contiguous United States
Authors: Abatzoglou John T. , McEvoy Daniel J. , Nauslar Nicholas J. , Hegewisch Katherine C. , Huntington Justin L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe increasing complexity and impacts of fire seasons in the United States have prompted efforts to improve early warning systems for wildland fire management. Outlooks of potential fire activity at lead‐times of several weeks can help in wildland fire resource allocation as well as complement short‐term meteorological forecasts for ongoing fire events. Here, we describe an experimental system for developing downscaled ensemble‐based subseasonal forecasts for the contiguous US using NCEP's operational Climate Forecast System version 2 model. These forecasts are used to calculate forecasted fire danger indices from the United States (US) National Fire Danger Rating System in addition to forecasts of evaporative demand. We further illustrate the skill of subseasonal forecasts on weekly timescales using hindcasts from 2011 to 2021. Results show that while forecast skill degrades with time, statistically significant week 3 correlative skill was found for 76% and 30% of the contiguous US for Energy Release Component and evaporative demand, respectively. These results highlight the potential value of experimental subseasonal forecasts in complementing existing information streams in weekly‐to‐monthly fire business decision making for suppression‐based decisions and geographic reallocation of resources during the fire season, as well for proactive fire management actions outside of the core fire season.
Assessment of process integration approach for coir biosoftening and lignin‐modifying enzyme production from agro residues
Authors: Pavithra S , Jayaprakash Jayapriya , Gummadi Sathyanarayana N , Giri Dev Venkateshwarapuram Rengaswami 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLignin present in the inner core of natural lignocellulosic fibers is preferably removed for use in the textile industry as it hinders fiber spinnability. This study focuses on integrating the bioprocessing of agro residues and a natural fiber source (coir) for the effective production of lignin‐modifying enzymes while simultaneously softening the natural fibers. The lignin content in the raw fibers (42.17%) could be reduced by 14–31% by treating them with Phanerochaete chrysosporium for 30 days in the presence of agro waste, such as paddy straw, groundnut husk, corn husk, coir pith, sugarcane bagasse, saw dust and coconut leaf. Among the lignocellulosic wastes tested, P. chrysporium‐fermented groundnut husk with coir produced the maximum yield of lignin‐modifying enzymes (lignin peroxidase, 2.05 U mg−1; manganese peroxidase, 7.50 U mg−1; laccase, 0.43 U mL−1), while the tensile strength of the fiber was decreased by 9.9% compared with the raw fiber (110.14 MPa) on 30 days of incubation. Similarly, SB dust demonstrated good lignin‐modifying enzyme activity (lignin peroxidase, −1.57 U mg−1; manganese peroxidase, 8.14 U mg−1; and laccase, 0.35 U mg−1) as well as the tensile strength of the coir also being increased. A reduction in flexural rigidity owing to delignification was observed and hence a minimum 16% increase in softness was achieved in the integrated process. Our study presents an efficient strategy that exploits low‐cost agro residues for enzyme production and generates bio‐softened coir of acceptable quality in the export and domestic markets. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Brain activity associated with taste stimulation: A mechanism for neuroplastic change?
Authors: Dietsch Angela M. , Westemeyer Ross M. , Schultz Douglas H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeNeuroplasticity may be enhanced by increasing brain activation and bloodflow in neural regions relevant to the target behavior. We administered precisely formulated and dosed taste stimuli to determine whether the associated brain activity patterns included areas that underlie swallowing control.MethodsFive taste stimuli (unflavored, sour, sweet‐sour, lemon, and orange suspensions) were administered in timing‐regulated and temperature‐controlled 3 mL doses via a customized pump/tubing system to 21 healthy adults during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Whole‐brain analyses of fMRI data assessed main effects of taste stimulation as well as differential effects of taste profile.ResultsDifferences in brain activity associated with taste stimulation overall as well as specific stimulus type were observed in key taste and swallowing regions including the orbitofrontal cortex, insula, cingulate, and pre‐ and postcentral gyri. Overall, taste stimulation elicited increased activation in swallowing‐related brain regions compared to unflavored trials. Different patterns of blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) signal were noted by taste profile. For most areas, sweet‐sour and sour trials elicited increases in BOLD compared to unflavored trials within that region, whereas lemon and orange trials yielded reductions in BOLD. This was despite identical concentrations of citric acid and sweetener in the lemon, orange, and sweet‐sour solutions.ConclusionsThese results suggest that neural activity in swallowing‐relevant regions can be amplified with taste stimuli and may be differentially affected by specific properties within very similar taste profiles. These findings provide critical foundational information for interpreting disparities in previous studies of taste effects on brain activity and swallowing function, defining optimal stimuli to increase brain activity in swallowing‐relevant regions, and harnessing taste to enhance neuroplasticity and recovery for persons with swallowing disorders.
Affiliative identity, well‐being and eating disorder symptoms during the transition to university
Authors: Foran Aoife‐Marie , O'Donnell Aisling T. , Muldoon Orla T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe transition to university can often be challenging for individuals with eating disorders (EDs). As such, there is a need to understand protective factors that optimise people's health during this transition. Researchers using the social identity perspective suggest that group identification and psychological well‐being may impact ED symptoms. Yet, these effects have not been demonstrated over time, limiting causal understanding. We address this gap by examining the role of affiliative identity and psychological well‐being in lowering ED symptoms over the transition to university. First‐year university students diagnosed with an ED or symptoms of an ED participated in a three‐wave longitudinal study. An online survey was completed by participants at T1 (N = 281), 4 months later at T2 (N = 101) and 12 months later at T3 (N = 36). Self‐report measures were used to assess identification with one's most important group, psychological well‐being and ED symptoms. Linear mixed‐effect models showed that strength of affiliative identity was a positive predictor of well‐being across time. Well‐being was also shown to be a negative predictor of ED symptoms across time. Using a longitudinal mediation model, strength of affiliative identity had positive implications for people's psychological well‐being which subsequently predicted self‐reported ED symptoms. This study provides evidence that affiliative identity may be particularly important for enhancing psychological well‐being and in turn reducing ED symptoms during the transition to university.
The realm of metaverse: A survey
Authors: Venugopal Jothi Prakash , Subramanian Arul Antran Vijay , Peatchimuthu Jegathesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe next step of digital development is the metaverse, which has the potential to drastically alter how people use technology and expand the range of services available beyond conventional systems that can be accessed online. As the efficiency, performance, and quality of service access reach their peak levels, the focus has shifted to the user experience. Due to this, there is an increasing demand for more involved and thorough customer service, and service providers are willing to increase their present standards. Consumers are genuinely asking for tactile and immersive elements in their digital interfaces, but these features can only be made possible by the metaverse's potentially futuristic subfields of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and extended reality (XR). However, the metaverse may not be widely used due to significant security and privacy issues either from underlying technology or produced by the new digital environment. A variety of fundamental problems, such as scalability and interoperability, can arise in terms of ensuring security for the metaverse because of the metaverse's inherent properties, such as immersive realism, sustainability, and heterogeneity. In this survey, we propose a hypothetical meta‐stack framework to understand the various components in the realm of metaverse and then provide wide‐ranging insights on the most recent development in metaverse realm in the context of cutting‐edge technologies, security vulnerabilities and preventive measures specific to the metaverse and the research challenges pertaining to metaverse.
Regulators can we get DCB balloons approved for use in the United States?
Authors: Heuser Richard R. 
Published: March 2023

Key points
Many patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have an increased bleeding risk with antiplatelet agents.
Bleeding can be a life‐ending event in our PCI patients, with mortality increased seven times when bleeding occurs.
We urgently need the drug‐coated balloon (DCB) approved for use in the United States.
Transoral robotic resection of large intramural, cervical esophageal lipoma—Report of a case and description of technique
Authors: Panuganti Bharat Akhanda , Jeyarajan Harishanker 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) has evolved into a common surgical modality used to treat primarily oropharyngeal malignant and benign pathologies. The single port Intuitive Surgical da Vinci surgical robotics system facilitates access to the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. We aim to describe our approach and advantages of the technique.
Sulfur‐Decorated Nonaromatic Amine Emitters Towards Efficient Triplet Exciton Utilization in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Mengke , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurely organic compounds served as promising materials for organic electronics have intrigued extensive research focuses owing to their unique photophysical and electronic properties. In the field of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), the utilization of triplet excitons is of great significance for realizing high‐performance devices. In contrast to the traditional aromatic amine‐based counterparts, sulfur atom with a high‐level outer orbit simultaneously provides powerful electron‐donating ability and striking spin‐orbit coupling effect to facilitate the utilization of theoretically spin‐forbidden triplet excitons, demonstrating great prospect in constructing highly emissive purely organic emitters for OLED applications. Herein, we summarize the currently developed sulfur‐decorated nonaromatic amine‐based emitters exhibiting attractive photoelectronic characteristics, and gain insight into the understanding of molecular design and photophysical processes of these emitters, providing new perspectives for enriching the existing luminescent material systems and designing high‐performance emitters.
An Umpolung Approach to Acyclic 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Amides via Photoredox‐Generated Carbamoyl Radicals
Authors: Williams Jason D. , Leach Stuart G. , Kerr William J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA method for the generation and reaction of carbamoyl radicals from oxamate salts, followed by reaction with electron‐poor olefins, is described. The oxamate salt acts as a reductive quencher in the photoredox catalytic cycle, allowing mild and mass‐efficient formation of 1,4‐dicarbonyl products; a challenging transformation in the context of functionalized amide formation. Increased understanding has been obtained by the use of ab initio calculations, in support of experimental observations. Furthermore, steps have been taken towards an environmentally‐friendly protocol, by utilizing sodium as a cheap and low mass counterion, and demonstrating successful reactions using a metal‐free photocatalyst and a sustainable, non‐toxic solvent system.
Facilitating [2+2] Photocycloadditions by Promoting Oxygen Tolerance and Substrate Activation in Water
Authors: Kürschner Julian C. G. , Brüss Linda , Næsborg Line 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicellar photocatalysis has been used to overcome oxygen quenching and enable a [2+2] photocycloaddition through triplet‐energy transfer in water under aerobic conditions. The cheap and commercially available self‐assembling sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles were found to increase the oxygen tolerance of a typically oxygen‐sensitive reaction. Furthermore, the use of the micellar solution was found to activate α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds to energy transfer and allow [2+2] photocycloadditions to take place. Our preliminary studies of micellar effects on energy‐transfer‐based reactions demonstrate the reaction between α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds and activated alkenes in a mixture of SDS, water and [Ru(bpy)3](PF6)2.
Ohne Chemie ist alles nichts
Authors: Elmlinger Linda , Adolf Katharina , Bahne Eric , Hülsmann Hanna , Großmann Andre 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSchon Justus von Liebig engagierte sich für die Ausbildung junger Chemiker und hätte als Entwickler des wasserlöslichen Phosphatdüngers seine Freude am 5. ChemPlant‐Wettbewerb gehabt. 2022 gewannen die Studierenden des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie KIT mit ihrem Konzept für das ‐Recycling von Phosphor. Auch 2023 ist sind die Wettbewerbe ChemCar und ChemPlant wieder am Start und die kreativen Teams können sich ab sofort bewerben.
Die Gemeinsamkeiten stärken
Authors: Rübberdt Kathrin , Woppowa Ljuba 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDie gemeinsame Arbeit von Dechema und VDI erhält einen neuen Rahmen, denn die Gremienlandschaft wird neu aufgestellt. Die Umstrukturierung soll die Netzwerkarbeit der Gremien verbessern und dabei unterstützen, Querschnittsthemen schneller und effizienter zu bearbeiten. Im Interview mit CITplus erläutern Dr. Kathrin Rübberdt, Bereichsleiterin Wissenschaft & Industrie der Dechema, und Dr. Ljuba Woppowa, Geschäftsführerin der VDI‐Gesellschaft Verfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, die Hintergründe und geben einen Ausblick auf die neue Form der Zusammenarbeit
Enhancing Suppression of Chain Transfer via Catalyst Structural Evolution in Ethylene (Co)Polymerization
Authors: Ding Beihang , Jiang Lihang , Kang Xiaohui , Dai Shengyu 
Published: March 2023

Comprehensive SummaryUsually, the aniline‐based late‐transition‐metal catalysts often require bulky steric substituents on both sides of the ortho‐aryl position to achieve efficient suppression of chain transfer in ethylene polymerization. In this contribution, we demonstrated that α‐diimine catalysts based on naphthylamine with only one bulky ortho‐aryl substituent also demonstrated excellent capabilities to suppress the chain transfer. Firstly, a class of α‐diimine nickel and palladium complexes with only one o‐aryl‐dibenzhydryl or o‐aryl‐dibenzosuberyl substituent were synthesized and characterized. Secondly, the as‐prepared naphthylamine‐based nickel catalysts demonstrated outstanding activities (up to 13.02 × 106 g·mol–1·h–1) and yielded lightly branched (16—40/1000C) polyethylenes with very high molecular weights (445.8—854.3 kg/mol) in ethylene polymerization. In comparison, the corresponding palladium catalysts showed moderate activities (level of 104—105 g·mol–1·h–1), generating moderately branched (47—78/1000C) polyethylenes with moderate molecular weights (21.6—82.0 kg/mol). Moreover, the palladium catalysts could also copolymerize ethylene and methyl acrylate (MA), albeit in low activities (level of 103 g·mol–1·h–1), providing E‐MA copolymers with low to moderate molecular weights (1.4—16.3 kg/mol) and a moderate level of incorporation ratio (2.4—7.4 mol%) and branching density (53—84/1000C). As compared with aniline‐based nickel and palladium catalysts, the naphthylamine‐based catalysts displayed a superior ability to suppress the chain transfer reactions and could give access to (co)polymers with orders of magnitude higher molecular weight in ethylene (co)polymerization.