bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suspicions of two bridgehead invasions of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex in France
Authors: Dupas Enora , Durand Karine , Rieux Adrien , Briand Martial , Pruvost Olivier , Cunty Amandine , Denancé Nicolas , Donnadieu Cécile , Legendre Bruno , Lopez-Roques Céline , Cesbron Sophie , Ravigné Virginie , Jacques Marie-Agnès 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOf American origin, a wide diversity of Xylella fastidiosa strains belonging to different subspecies have been reported in Europe since 2013 and its discovery in Italian olive groves. Strains from the subspecies multiplex (ST6 and ST7) were first identified in France in 2015 in urban and natural areas. To trace back the most probable scenario of introduction in France, the molecular evolution rate of this subspecies was estimated at 3.2165 × 10-7 substitutions per site per year, based on heterochronous genome sequences collected worldwide. This rate allowed the dating of the divergence between French and American strains in 1987 for ST6 and in 1971 for ST7. The development of a new VNTR-13 scheme allowed tracing the spread of the bacterium in France, hypothesizing an American origin. Our results suggest that both sequence types were initially introduced and spread in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA); then they were introduced in Corsica in two waves from the PACA bridgehead populations.
Fetal temporal sulcus depth asymmetry has prognostic value for language development
Authors: Bartha-Doering Lisa , Kollndorfer Kathrin , Schwartz Ernst , Fischmeister Florian Ph.S. , Langs Georg , Weber Michael , Lackner-Schmelz Sonja , Kienast Patric , Stümpflen Marlene , Taymourtash Athena , Mandl Sophie , Alexopoulos Johanna , Prayer Daniela , Seidl Rainer , Kasprian Gregor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn most humans, the superior temporal sulcus (STS) shows a rightward depth asymmetry. This asymmetry can not only be observed in adults, but is already recognizable in the fetal brain. As the STS lies adjacent to brain areas important for language, STS depth asymmetry may represent an anatomical marker for language abilities. This study investigated the prognostic value of STS depth asymmetry in healthy fetuses for later language abilities, language localization, and language-related white matter tracts. Less right lateralization of the fetal STS depth was significantly associated with better verbal abilities, with fetal STS depth asymmetry explaining more than 40% of variance in verbal skills 6–13 years later. Furthermore, less right fetal STS depth asymmetry correlated with increased left language localization during childhood. We hypothesize that earlier and/or more localized fetal development of the left temporal cortex is accompanied by an earlier development of the left STS and is favorable for early language learning. If the findings of this pilot study hold true in larger samples of healthy children and in different clinical populations, fetal STS asymmetry has the potential to become a diagnostic biomarker of the maturity and integrity of neural correlates of language.
The impact of secondary channels on the wetting properties of interconnected hydrophobic nanopores
Authors: Paulo Gonçalo , Gubbiotti Alberto , Grosu Yaroslav , Meloni Simone , Giacomello Alberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPores in nanoporous materials can be interconnected in different ways; preliminary evidence exists that connecting channels can affect the overall hydrophobicity of the material thus providing an additional parameter in designing applications that require controlled wetting properties. In this work, we show that the length of secondary channels is a key parameter to tune the overall hydrophobicity of the material: short secondary channels make the main pore effectively more hydrophilic than a simple cylindrical pore, while long secondary channels enhance its hydrophobicity, producing the macroscopic effect of superhydrophobic textures. This rich behavior is rooted in the spontaneous filling of the secondary channels, which is unexpected based on classical capillarity. This length-dependent filling is explained by the formation of hydrogen bonds bridging the main pores which becomes less frequent with longer channels. These findings could be useful for designing nanoporous materials with tailored wetting properties.
Oxytocin receptor DNA methylation is associated with exogenous oxytocin needs during parturition and postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Erickson Elise N. , Myatt Leslie , Danoff Joshua S. , Krol Kathleen M. , Connelly Jessica J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) is regulated, in part, by DNA methylation. This mechanism has implications for uterine contractility during labor and for prevention or treatment of postpartum hemorrhage, an important contributor to global maternal morbidity and mortality.MethodsWe measured and compared the level ofOXTRDNA methylation between matched blood and uterine myometrium to evaluate blood as an indicator of uterine methylation status using targeted pyrosequencing and sites from the Illumina EPIC Array. Next, we tested forOXTRDNA methylation differences in blood between individuals who experienced a postpartum hemorrhage arising from uterine atony and matched controls following vaginal birth. Bivariate statistical tests, generalized linear modeling and Poisson regression were used in the analyses.ResultsHere we show a significant positive correlation between blood and uterine DNA methylation levels at severalOXTRloci. Females with higherOXTRDNA methylation in blood had required significantly more exogenous oxytocin during parturition. With higher DNA methylation, those who had oxytocin administered during labor had significantly greater relative risk for postpartum hemorrhage (IRR 2.95, 95% CI 1.53–5.71).ConclusionsWe provide evidence that epigenetic variability inOXTRis associated with the amount of oxytocin administered during parturition and moderates subsequent postpartum hemorrhage. Methylation can be measured using a peripheral tissue, suggesting potential use in identifying individuals susceptible to postpartum hemorrhage. Future studies are needed to quantify myometrial gene expression in connection withOXTRmethylation.
A dual-modal ROS generator based on multifunctional PDA–MnO2@Ce6 nanozymes for synergistic chemo-photodynamic antibacterial therapy
Authors: Cui Anni , Bao Ying , Xu Haitao , Mu Xin , Zhong Xiahua , Wee Wynn , Wu Fanqi , Shan Guiye 
Published: January 2023

PMCL nanozymes catalyze endogenous H2O2 to achieve O2 self-supplied PDT and improve the •OH generation by photothermal effect. Based on dual-enzyme activities, PMCL exhibits powerful antibacterial efficacy and mature bacterial biofilm eradication.
A computed tomographic evaluation of femoral and tibial rotational reference axes in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Panicker Johncy , Thilak Jai 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The surgical trans epicondylar axis (sTEA) is considered the gold standard for optimum rotation of the femoral component; however, no consensus exists on tibial component positioning. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship of sTEA to various femoral and tibial reference axes in varus osteoarthritis (OA) knees and (ii) to study the intra-observer and inter-observer variability of the axis relationships. Materials and methods: The study was done on preoperative computerised tomogram (CT) scans of 110 varus knees to assess the rotational relationships respectively of femoral side sTEA with whitesides line (WSL), posterior condylar axis (PCA), clinical trans epicondylar axis (cTEA) and on the tibial side sTEA with posterior tibial margin (PTM), anterior condylar axis (ACA), Akagi’s line and line from the geometric centre of the tibial plateau to 1/3rd tibial tubercle (line GC 1/3rd TT). Results: On the femoral side the mean angles of sTEA with WSL, PCA, cTEA were 95.64° ± 2.85°, 1.77° ± 1.88°, 4.19° ± 0.99° respectively. On the tibial side, the mean angles of sTEA with, PTM, ACA, Akagi’s line, and line GC 1/3rd TT were 1.10° ± 4.69°, 11.98° ± 4.51°, 2.43° ± 4.35°, 16.04° ± 5.93° respectively. Conclusion: Contrary to the generalization, TEA has variable relationships. The surgical trans epicondylar axis was not at the assumed 3° of external rotation to PCA in 85% of knees, nor perpendicular to WSL in >95% of knees. Of the four tibial axes, Akagi’s line was the least variable with sTEA. Furthermore, surgeons should also be aware of the multiple reference axes and the range of deviation from sTEA to optimize the rotational alignment of components.
Transconjunctival Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty with Volume Augmentation for Correction of the Lower Eyelid and Cheek Junction
Authors: Asaria Jamil 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAesthetic surgical management of the inferior periorbital region should include an approach to volume augmentation of the midface and infraorbital hollow, reduction of fat pseudoherniation in the lower eyelids, and treatment of the overlying skin. A combined approach using volume augmentation with fat grafting, a transconjunctival approach to the lower eyelid fat pads, and conservative management of the lower eyelid skin can produce optimal aesthetic results while minimizing complications. Fat harvest from the thigh and abdominal region allows for ample grafting material to the lateral cheek, midface, and orbital rim. The treatment paradigm is to restore volume optimally while minimizing fat resection in the lower eyelids. Volume augmentation is used to restore youthful contours, as well as to counter deflation and laxity in the periorbital and midfacial regions.
Mechanisms of Thrombosis in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Selvadurai Maria V. , Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Chen Vivien M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) are rare, iatrogenic immune-mediated conditions with high rates of thrombosis-related morbidity and mortality. HIT is a long-recognized reaction to the administration of the common parenterally administered anticoagulant heparin (or its derivatives), while VITT is a new, distinct syndrome occurring in response to adenovirus-based vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 and potentially other types of vaccines. A feature of both HIT and VITT is paradoxical thrombosis despite a characteristic low platelet count, mediated by the presence of platelet-activating antibodies to platelet factor 4. Several additional factors have also been suggested to contribute to clot formation in HIT and/or VITT, including monocytes, tissue factor, microparticles, endothelium, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, complement, procoagulant platelets, and vaccine components. In this review, we discuss the literature to date regarding mechanisms contributing to thrombosis in both HIT and VITT and explore the pathophysiological similarities and differences between the two conditions.
Study on the precipitation mechanisms of TiC particles in steel matrix composites fabricated by eutectic solidification
Authors: Huang Long , Liu Jia , Deng Xiangtao , Wang Zhaodong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The precipitation mechanisms of TiC eutectic particles in steel matrix composites prepared by eutectic solidification are studied through thermodynamic calculations and experimental analyses. The results indicate that the eutectic TiC particles begin to precipitate when the concentrations of Ti and C in the residual molten steel reach a eutectic point during the solidification process. The mass fractions of Ti and C in SMCs play significant roles in the precipitation time, particle characteristics and precipitation mechanism characteristics of TiC eutectic particles. When the mass fractions of Ti and C in SMC are low, TiC particles precipitate in the form of divorced eutectic solidification, showing strip, block and irregular shapes that are mainly distributed on the grain boundaries. When the mass fractions of Ti and C are high, TiC particles precipitate in the form of eutectic solidification, showing flake and dendritic shapes that are distributed on the grain boundaries and also in the grains. There are orientation relationships between the eutectic particles and the matrix.
Low power paper electronics based wearable radiation detector using hybrid halide perovskite (MAPbBr3): A real time monitoring of gamma ray
Authors: Maity Avisek , Siraj Sohel , Raychaudhuri A K , Saha Abhijit , Ghosh Barnali 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this report we demonstrate that a paper based flexible gamma ray detector can be made using hybrid halide perovskite methyl ammonium lead bromide (CH3NH3PbBr3 or MAPB). The wearable paper based detector is solution processed and works at room temperature. It detects gamma ray by a direct method by change of its resistance on exposure to gamma ray and uses IDE (interdigitated electrodes) for boosting current response. This detector grown on a substrate like a paper with large active area, shows a maximum calibrated sensitivity of 5.26 μC Gy−1 cm−2 and a reasonable mobility—life time product (

μ
τ

) ∼2 × 10−5 cm2 V−1. The detector can be operated in a wide range of gamma photon energy between 100 KeV to 1100 KeV and can detect radiation down to 0.01 μCi activity, which is noise limited. The paper detector shows a good shelf life of more than 6 months and a fast response time of a few seconds. The detector has a high degree of sustenance under exposure to high dose of Gamma radiation and was tested for a cumulative dose of minimum 1.6 KGy. The detector has low power consumption with can operate down to 1 V direct current (DC) bias and with a detector current of ∼1nA. The sensitivity increases with bias and shows saturation beyond 40 V bias. Such a low power flexible gamma detector is expected to have application potential in areas like health care and point of use quick radiation detection.
Analysis of fluid-structure interaction in a directional permeability membrane in pressure-driven flow
Authors: Bayat Hamid , Krueger Paul S , Willis David A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Finite volume and finite element analysis of fluid-structure interaction is performed to understand the behavior of a directional permeability membrane in pressure-driven flow. The membrane is comprised of two flexible porous sheets separated by a spacer. The porous sheets each have a different thickness with pores that are offset from each other. The design allows flow when the thicker sheet is on the high pressure side, but prevents flow if the pressure gradient is reversed. Flow through the membrane is studied for a pressure range of 0.01–0.1 m H2O in forward flow to understand the complex fluid motion and dependence of membrane deformation on sheet thickness, downstream pore diameter, and initial gap between the sheets. In forward flow, maximum mass flow rate of 0.2 g s−1 (or flow rate of 12.024 ml min−1) can be obtained at 0.1 m H2O pressure head. Reverse flow conditions are modeled to study the effect of design parameters on the required closing pressure, indicating that as little as 0.0325 m H2O of pressure head is required for closing.
Waning of 2-Dose BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Accounting for Depletion-of-Susceptibles Bias
Authors: Andrejko Kristin L , Pry Jake M , Myers Jennifer F , Mehrotra Megha , Lamba Katherine , Lim Esther , Fukui Nozomi , DeGuzman Jennifer L , Openshaw John , Watt James , Jain Seema , Lewnard Joseph A , COVID-19 Case-Control Study Team on behalf of the California 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Concerns about the duration of protection conferred by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have arisen in postlicensure evaluations. “Depletion of susceptibles,” a bias driven by differential accrual of infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, may obscure vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates, hindering interpretation. We enrolled California residents who received molecular SARS-CoV-2 tests in a matched, test-negative design, case-control study to estimate VE of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines between February 23 and December 5, 2021. We analyzed waning protection following 2 vaccine doses using conditional logistic regression models. Additionally, we used data from a population-based serological study to adjust for “depletion-of-susceptibles” bias and estimated VE for 3 doses, by time since second dose receipt. Pooled VE of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was 91.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 83.8, 95.4) at 14 days after second-dose receipt and declined to 50.8% (95% CI: 19.7, 69.8) at 7 months. Adjusting for depletion-of-susceptibles bias, we estimated VE of 53.2% (95% CI: 23.6, 71.2) at 7 months after primary mRNA vaccination series. A booster dose of BN162b2 or mRNA-1273 increased VE to 95.0% (95% CI: 82.8, 98.6). These findings confirm that observed waning of protection is not attributable to epidemiologic bias and support ongoing efforts to administer additional vaccine doses to mitigate burden of COVID-19.
Invited Commentary: Undiagnosed and Undertreated—the Suffocating Consequences of the Use of Racially Biased Medical Devices During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Plaisime Marie V 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
While medical technology is typically considered neutral, many devices rely upon racially biased algorithms that prioritize care for White patients over Black patients, who may require more urgent medical attention. In their accompanying article, Sudat et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2023;XXX(XX):XXX–XXX) document striking inaccuracies in pulse oximeter readings among Black patients, with significant clinical implications. Their findings suggest that this resulted in racial differences in delivery of evidence-based care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, affecting admissions and treatment protocols. Despite the medical community’s growing awareness of the pulse oximeter’s significant design flaw, the device is still in use. In this article, I contextualize Sudat et al.’s study results within the larger history of racial bias in medical devices by highlighting the consequences of the continued underrepresentation of diverse populations in clinical trials. I probe the implications of racially biased assessments within clinical practice and research and illustrate the disproportionate impact on patients of color by examining 2 medical tools, the pulse oximeter and pulmonary function tests. Both cases result in the undertreatment and underdiagnosis of Black patients. I also demonstrate how the social underpinnings of racial bias in medical technology contribute to poor health outcomes and reproduce health disparities, and propose several recommendations for the field to rectify the harms of racial bias in medical technology.
Associations between hidradenitis suppurativa and dermatological conditions in adults: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Brown Isabelle D , Adawi Waleed , Saal Ryan , Perkins-Holtsclaw Kala , Roberts Alice 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory condition associated with numerous comorbidities, but there has been no broad-spectrum investigation into the dermatological comorbidities that are associated with HS using nationally representative data. We therefore analysed the 2016–2018 National Inpatient Sample for adult patients with and without HS and used multivariable logistic regression to determine correlations between HS and 25 dermatological conditions, adjusting for age, ethnicity and race, sex and insurance type. As seen previously, HS is more likely to affect women and Black people. The prevalence of having any of the 25 dermatological conditions was higher in patients with HS than without (24.60% vs. 5.30%, P &lt; 0.001) and HS was specifically associated with 18 of the 25 dermatological conditions. This research confirms anecdotal disease relationships and identifies novel correlations between HS and dermatological conditions using a national patient population.
Alfred Marshall, Allyn Young and business size
Authors: Chandra Ramesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many prominent thinkers such as Karl Marx and Joseph Schumpeter thought that monopoly capitalism would eventually replace competitive capitalism. Several subsequent economists like Antoine Cournot and Piero Sraffa also maintained that increasing returns are incompatible with competition. This paper examines Alfred Marshall’s and Allyn Young’s views on whether monopoly capitalism is inevitable and whether increasing returns are incompatible with competition. Both Marshall and Young took their data from real life and were of the view that the economy was dominated not by big but small and medium firms. Both built on Adam Smith’s analysis of the division of labour and thought that the dominant tendency in the system was that of industrial specialisation and differentiation. Even if some firms producing standardised products such as steel or raw materials became big, most specialised firms remained small, and both small and big firms coexisted in a framework of effective competition. Advent of imperfect competition did not mean absence of competition but rather its imperfect working.
Polycomb response elements reduce leaky expression of Cas9 under temperature-inducible Hsp70Bb promoter in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Warsinger-Pepe Natalie , Chang Carly , Desroberts Connor R , Akbari Omar S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Heat-shock-inducible expression of genes through the use of heat-inducible promoters is commonly used in research despite leaky expression of downstream genes of interest without targeted induction (i.e. heat shock). The development of non-leaky inducible expression systems is of broad interest for both basic and applied studies, to precisely control gene expression. Here we characterize the use of Polycomb response elements and the inducible Heat-shock protein 70Bb promoter, previously described as a non-leaky inducible system, to regulate Cas9 endonuclease levels and function in Drosophila melanogaster after varying both heat-shock durations and rearing temperatures. We show that Polycomb response elements can significantly reduce expression of Cas9 under Heat-shock protein 70Bb promoter control using a range of conditions, corroborating previously published results. We further demonstrate that this low transcript level of heat-induced Cas9 is sufficient to induce mutant mosaic phenotypes. Incomplete suppression of an inducible Cas9 system by Polycomb response elements with no heat-shock suggests that further regulatory elements are required to precisely control Cas9 expression and abundance.