bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of convective heat transport in nanofluid flow of Oldroyd‐B model with magnetic dipole moment
Authors: Li Shuguang , Khan Sami Ullah , Al‐Khaled Kamel , Ali Ezza , Khan M. Ijaz , Elamin Khalda Mohamed Ahmed , Fadhl Bandar M. , Makhdoum Basim M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe phenomenon of heat as well as mass transfer due to ferromagnetic flow of Oldroyd‐B nanofluid is addressed. The additional thermal source like heat source, thermal radiation, and activation energy features has been implemented to extend the dynamic of flow problem. The source of flow is moving stretching surface with magnetic dipole impact. The convective boundary conditions are implemented. The Boungrino nanofluid model is used to observe the thermophoresis and Brownian motion consequences. The mathematical modeling of problem in view of flow assumptions will be converted into the non‐dimensional form. The numerical shooting technique will be implemented for presenting the approximate simulations. After verifying the solution accuracy, the physical dynamic of problem with variation of parameter is presented. It is noticed that the velocity profile reduces due to ferrohydrodynamic interaction parameter. An enhanced thermal profile is observed due to relaxation time constant and ferrohydrodynamic interaction parameter. Furthermore, the concentration profile reduces for retardation time constant parameter.
2d Sigma-Models and DAHA
Authors: Gukov Sergei , Koroteev Peter , Nawata Satoshi , Pei Du , Saberi Ingmar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this section, we study representation theory of DAHA, strictly speaking, the spherical subalgebra of DAHA of type $$A_1$$

A
1

, in terms of brane quantization in the 2d A-model [85] on the moduli space of flat $${{\,\textrm{SL}\,}}(2,\mathbb {C})$$

SL

(
2
,
C
)

-connections on a once-punctured torus. The brane quantization lends itself well to a geometric approach to representation theory of spherical DAHA, which provides novel viewpoints.
4d Theories, Fivebranes, and M-Theory
Authors: Gukov Sergei , Koroteev Peter , Nawata Satoshi , Pei Du , Saberi Ingmar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this section, we study line operators in the 4d $$\mathcal {N}=2^*$$

N
=

2
∗

theories. A 4d $$\mathcal {N}=2$$

N
=
2

theory of class $$\mathcal {S}$$
S
arises from a compactification of 6d $$\mathcal {N}=(2, 0)$$

N
=
(
2
,
0
)

theory on a once-punctured torus C. The spectrum of line operators in the theory depends on additional discrete data, a maximal isotropic lattice $$\textsf{L}\subset H^1(C,Z(G))$$

L
⊂

H
1

(
C
,
Z

(
G
)

)

where line operators must be invariant under the discrete group $$\textsf{L}$$
L
. Therefore, we will show that a non-commutative algebra of line operators of a 4d $$\mathcal {N}=2^*$$

N
=

2
∗

theory on $$S^1\times \mathbb {R}\times _q \mathbb {R}^2$$

S
1

×
R

×
q

R

2

with the $$\Omega $$
Ω
-background is the $$\textsf{L}$$
L
-invariant subalgebra of spherical DAHA.
Exploring Value and Ethical Dimensions of Disruptive Technologies for Learning and Teaching
Authors: Väljataga Terje , Pata Kai , Annus Andrea , Calisto Michelle Andrade , Cambronero Agueda Gomez , Eisemann Elmar , Kasini Athina , Marroquim Ricardo , Remolar Inmaculada , Szécsi László , Zaidi Amir , Vidal Rubén García 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDisruptive technology has become an integral part of our lives, and it has brought about a significant transformation in the way we interact, communicate, and share information, also in the field of education. Innovation in technology needs to be based on ethics and values of the intended result. As the use of disruptive technology continues to grow, so does the need to understand and consider ethical and value dimensions. How can disruptive technology be developed and used in an ethical way for learning and teaching? What are the values the development and implementation of disruptive technology for education should take into account? How to measure and evaluate values and ethical dimensions of disruptive technology for educational purposes? Are some of the important questions to address. This workshop paper presents a method for eliciting values and ethical dimensions of learning scenarios with disruptive technologies in vocational and higher education settings and illustrates its implementation in the context of the Horizon Europe e-DIPLOMA project. The workshop method, combining value cards and learning scenarios with disruptive technologies, was implemented in seven different countries. The preliminary results of the workshops are presented. The method has the potential to draw peoples’ attention to prospective value concerns and ethical aspects necessary for understanding and acknowledging the consequence of implementing disruptive technologies in education.
Expositionstherapie bei Panikstörung und Agoraphobie im Kontext bestehender antidepressiver Medikation
Authors: Hahnfeld Malte , Ritter Philipp , Sauer Cathrin , Weidner Kerstin , Noack René 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) und Pharmakotherapie mit Antidepressiva stellen bei Agoraphobie und/oder Panikstörung jeweils hochwirksame Behandlungsmethoden dar. Eine Kombination von KVT und Antidepressiva wird jedoch aufgrund potenziell ungünstiger Interferenzeffekte diskutiert. Untersucht wurden die Assoziationen einer bestehenden antidepressiven Medikation mit Panik- und agoraphobischer Symptombelastung und deren Veränderung im Kontext einer strukturierten fünfwöchigen tagesklinischen und auf Expositionen fokussierten Behandlung in einem naturalistischen Setting.

Methodik
Von insgesamt n = 488 Patient*innen konnte für n = 380 retrospektiv die Medikamenteneinnahme während der Behandlung ermittelt werden: n = 100 (26,3 %) nahmen Antidepressiva verschiedener Wirkstoffklassen ein. Die Berechnungen erfolgten mittels multipler linearer Regressionsanalyse, t‑Tests, Responseanalysen und χ2-Tests.

Ergebnisse
Patient*innen mit bestehender antidepressiver Medikation erfüllten häufiger die Kriterien einer komorbiden depressiven Störung (p < 0,001). Das Maß der Symptomveränderung und die Therapieresponseraten unterschieden sich nicht zwischen Patient*innen mit und ohne Antidepressiva in Bezug auf die Angstsymptomatik.

Diskussion
Im untersuchten Kontext profitierten Patient*innen mit und ohne bestehende antidepressive Medikation in gleichem Maße von KVT in Bezug auf die Angstsymptomatik.
Optimal design and performance analysis of coastal microgrid using different optimization algorithms
Authors: Bakeer Abualkasim , Elmorshedy Mahmoud F. , Salama Hossam S. , Elkadeem Mohamed R. , Almakhles Dhafer J. , Kotb Kotb M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOwing to the stochastic behavior of renewable energy activity and the multiple design considerations, the advancement of hybrid renewable energy-based microgrid (HREMG) systems has become a complex task. This study proposes a design optimization algorithm for the long-term operation of an autonomous HREMG along with the optimal system capacities. The investigated energy system comprises photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, diesel generators, and batteries. It aims to energize a remote coastal community with a daily load demand of 400 kWh in Marsa Matruh, Egypt. Since most studies utilize commercial tools in the design optimization procedure, the African vultures optimization approach (AVOA) is developed to find the optimal energy alternative and determine the optimal component’s capacity considering achieving the minimum energy cost and loss of power supply probability. Moreover, an adequate energy management strategy is suggested to coordinate the power flow within the energy system in which renewable energy sources are fully penetrated. To check the AVOA robustness and efficacy, its performance is compared with the HOMER Pro most popular commercial tool as well as with new metaheuristic algorithms, namely the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) and Giza pyramid construction (GPC) under the same operating environment. The results revealed that the proposed AVOA achieved superior economic results toward the least net present cost ($346,614) and energy price (0.0947 $/kWh). Moreover, over 20 independent runs, the AVOA showed a better performance in terms of convergence and execution time compared to other tools/algorithms. The obtained findings could be a useful benchmark for researchers in the sizing problem of hybrid energy systems.
Bone Mineral Density During and After Lactation: A Comparison of African American and Caucasian Women
Authors: Augustine Marilyn , Boudreau Robert , Cauley Jane A. , Majchel Deborah , Nagaraj Nayana , Roe Lauren S. , Sood Poonam , Stewart Andrew F. , Horwitz Mara J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring lactation, changes in maternal calcium metabolism are necessary to provide adequate calcium for newborn skeletal development. The calcium in milk is derived from the maternal skeleton through a process thought to be mediated by the actions of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in combination with decreased circulating estrogen concentrations. After weaning, bone lost during lactation is rapidly regained. Most studies of bone metabolism in lactating women have been performed in Caucasian subjects. There are well-documented differences between African American (AA) and Caucasian (C) bone metabolism, including higher bone mineral density (BMD), lower risk of fracture, lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D), and higher PTH in AA compared to C. In this prospective paired cohort study, BMD and markers of bone turnover were compared in self-identified AA and C mothers during lactation and after weaning. BMD decreased in both AA and C women during lactation, with similar decreases at the lumbar spine (LS) and greater bone loss in the C group at the femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH), demonstrating that AA are not resistant to PTHrP during lactation. BMD recovery compared to the 2 week postpartum baseline was observed 6 months after weaning, though the C group did not have complete recovery at the FN. Increases in markers of bone formation and resorption during lactation were similar in AA and C. C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) decreased to 30% below post-pregnancy baseline in both groups 6 months after weaning, while procollagen type 1 N-terminal (P1NP) returned to baseline in the AA group and fell to below baseline in the C group. Further investigation is required to determine impacts on long term bone health for women who do not fully recover BMD before a subsequent pregnancy.
Branching coral growth and visual health during bleaching and recovery on the central Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Anderson-King K. D. , Wayman C. , Stephenson S. , Heron S. F. , Lough J. M. , McWilliam M. , Richardson L. E. , Scott M. E. , Cantin N. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoral reefs are under threat from cumulative impacts such as cyclones, crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) outbreaks and climate-driven coral bleaching events. Branching corals are more severely impacted by these events than other coral morphologies due to their sensitivity to heat stress and weaker skeletons and COTS preferred prey. The central Great Barrier Reef experienced unprecedented back-to-back bleaching events in 2016 and 2017. This study commenced in 2017 at the peak of heat stress and examined the impact of the heatwave on the survival and recovery of corals by assessing the growth, health (based on the visual health index) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll a, zooxanthellae density, lipid and protein content) of two species, Acropora millepora and Pocillopora acuta (N = 60 colonies for each species). It was conducted across a gradient of turbidity at three reefs, Pandora, Orpheus and Rib, that experienced in April 2017, degree heating weeks (DHW) of 9, 8 and 7, respectively. Orpheus experienced the worst bleaching, based on visual health score, followed by Rib and Pandora. Rib experienced the greatest mortality (78% by Nov 2017); however, this was attributed to the presence of actively feeding crown-of-thorns starfish. Growth rates of A. millepora were almost twice the rate of P. acuta. Both species showed significant seasonal variation with growth of A. millepora and P. acuta 35–40% and 23–33% significantly greater in the summer, respectively. Differences in growth rates were best explained by indicators of energy acquisition. For example, the most important predictor variable in determining higher growth rates and visual health score in A. millepora was chlorophyll a content. For P. acuta, visual health score was the best predictor variable for higher growth rates. This study highlights the important role that chlorophyll a and associated symbionts play in growth and survival in these corals during and after a heat stress event.
Muscle deoxygenation during ramp incremental cycle exercise in older adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: McDermott Adam , Nevin Aaron , Gildea Norita , Rocha Joel , O’Shea Donal , Egaña Mikel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To explore profiles of fractional O2 extraction (using near-infrared spectroscopy) during ramp incremental cycling in older individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
Twelve individuals with T2D (mean ± SD, age: 63 ± 3 years) and 12 healthy controls (mean age: 65 ± 3 years) completed a ramp cycling exercise. Rates of muscle deoxygenation (i.e., deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin, Δ[HHb + Mb]) profiles of the vastus lateralis muscle were normalised to 100% of the response, plotted against absolute (W) and relative (%peak) power output (PO) and fitted with a double linear regression model.

Results
Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced in T2D (23.0 ± 4.2 ml.kg−1.min−1) compared with controls (28.3 ± 5.3 ml.kg−1.min−1). The slope of the first linear segment of the model was greater (median (interquartile range)) in T2D (1.06 (1.50)) than controls (0.79 (1.06)) when Δ%[HHb + Mb] was plotted as a function of PO. In addition, the onset of the second linear segment of the Δ%[HHb + Mb]/PO model occurred at a lower exercise intensity in T2D (101 ± 35 W) than controls (140 ± 34 W) and it displayed a near-plateau response in both groups. When the relationship of the Δ%[HHb + Mb] profile was expressed as a function of %PO no differences were observed in any parameters of the double linear model.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that older individuals with uncomplicated T2D demonstrate greater fractional oxygen extraction for a given absolute PO compared with older controls. Thus, the reductions in V̇O2peak in older people with T2D are likely influenced by impairments in microvascular O2 delivery.
The benefit of metformin in the treatment of pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Gkiourtzis Nikolaos , Michou Panagiota , Moutafi Maria , Glava Agni , Cheirakis Konstantinos , Christakopoulos Aristeidis , Vouksinou Eleni , Fotoulaki Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis is the first meta-analysis of the available literature about the efficacy of metformin exclusively in pediatric patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We conducted a systematic literature search through major electronic databases till March 12, 2023, investigating the efficacy and safety of metformin in pediatric NAFLD. Weighted mean difference (WD) and standard deviation (SD) were used for continuous outcomes. In total, 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 309 pediatric patients with NAFLD were included in the meta-analysis. Metformin could not reach a statistically significant improvement in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels [(ALT: WMD =  − 1.55 IU/L, 95% CI: − 5.38 to 2.28, I2 = 16%, p = 0.43), but had a statistically significant impact (p < 0.05) in insulin and HOMA-IR regulation, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein level improvement. Conclusion: According to the data of this meta-analysis, treatment with metformin failed to statistically improve liver enzymes but may be beneficial in the improvement of lipid parameters and insulin metabolism regulation in pediatric patients with NAFLD. As there are not enough available studies in the literature, the influence of metformin on liver ultrasonography or histology in pediatric NAFLD should be further analyzed in future studies.

What is Known:• Lifestyle modification with weight loss through physical activity and dietary modification is the recommended treatment option for pediatric NAFLD.• Metformin may reduce steatosis on ultrasound and may have a beneficial role in liver histology collated with insulin resistance improvement.

What is New:• Metformin may improve insulin sensitivity and lipid parameters in children with obesity and NAFLD.• Metformin does not have a significant effect on transaminase levels in children with obesity and NAFLD.
Antibiotic impregnated cement coated intramedullary nail (ACCIN) using bronchoscopy tubing: technical tips, case series and a review of the literature
Authors: Graff Christy , Mathur Tanishq 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntibiotic impregnated cement coated intramedullary nails (ACCINs) have been used in clinical practice for many years and have been shown to help eradicate infection in tibial osteomyelitis while providing stability. We present a novel technique for preparation using bronchoscopy tubing, as well as technical tips and a review of the literature, for ease of preparation and potential subsequent retrieval.
Systemische Lysetherapie (rtPA) des ischämischen Schlaganfalls bei Patient:innen unter oraler Antikoagulation
Authors: Sick Cristina Cerinza , Vosko Milan R. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie systemische Thrombolyse ist eine effektive und häufige Rekanalisationstherapie des akuten ischämischen Schlaganfalles. Eine Antikoagulation ist traditionell eine der typischen Kontraindikationen für die Anwendung der Lysetherapie. Die orale Antikoagulation (OAK) ist die effektivste Form der Prophylaxe von systemischen Thrombosen bei Patient:innen mit nicht valvulärem Vorhofflimmern. Jedoch auch diese Patient:innen können Rezidivschlaganfälle erleiden.Dieser Beitrag bietet eine kurze Zusammenfassung der aktuellen Daten zur Thrombolyse bei Patient:innen mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall unter OAK und stellt einen Fallbericht vor.
Deep learning discovery of macroscopic governing equations for viscous gravity currents from microscopic simulation data
Authors: Zeng Junsheng , Xu Hao , Chen Yuntian , Zhang Dongxiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough deep learning has been successfully applied in a variety of science and engineering problems owing to its strong high-dimensional nonlinear mapping capability, it is of limited use in scientific knowledge discovery. In this work, we propose a deep learning based framework to discover the macroscopic governing equation of an important geophysical process, i.e., viscous gravity current, based on high-resolution microscopic simulation data without the need for prior knowledge of underlying terms. For two typical scenarios with different viscosity ratios, the deep learning based equations exactly capture the same dominant terms as the theoretically derived equations for describing long-term asymptotic behaviors, which validates the proposed framework. Unknown macroscopic equations are then obtained for describing short-term behaviors, and additional deep-learned compensation terms are eventually discovered. Comparison of posterior tests shows that the deep learning based PDEs actually perform better than the theoretically derived PDEs in predicting evolving viscous gravity currents for both long-term and short-term regimes. Moreover, the proposed framework is proven to be very robust against non-biased data noise for training, which is up to 20%. Consequently, the presented deep learning framework shows considerable potential for discovering unrevealed intrinsic laws in scientific semantic space from raw experimental or simulation results in data space.
Soil Moisture and Sea Surface Salinity Derived from Satellite-Borne Sensors
Authors: Boutin J. , Yueh S. , Bindlish R. , Chan S. , Entekhabi D. , Kerr Y. , Kolodziejczyk N. , Lee T. , Reul N. , Zribi M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe monitoring of soil moisture and sea surface salinity over the Earth has been profoundly enhanced during the last thirteen years due to a new generation of satellite sensors. L-band radiometry is currently the only technology providing direct measurements of soil moisture, insensitive to surface roughness and distribution of elements in the soil, and the only technology the only technology for measuring that allows us to measure sea surface salinity from space. The Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite missions resolve global and local variability with a spatial resolution of approximately 43 km, a swath width close to 1000 km, and a sampling time, for each mission, of at least twice every 3 days. These resolutions and samplings can be increased by either merging data from the two sensors, and with complementary information gathered from other passive or active sensors, or with in situ information at higher spatial resolution. Numerous scientific studies based on the use of this new type of measurement have led to a better understanding and constraint of the processes governing the variability of the water cycle, ocean circulation and the Earth's climate. The continuity of measurements, and the increased spatial and radiometric resolution is critical for fulfilling scientific needs. Future L-band radiometry missions currently being planned in Europe (the Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer), and in China (the Ocean Salinity mission) should provide better constraints on auxiliary parameters by combining multiple frequencies, but they will not have improved spatial resolution beyond SMOS and SMAP. The temporal continuity with SMOS and SMAP will likely not be ensured. In parallel, new concepts are being developed to increase spatial resolution of both land and ocean parameters.