bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model for the horst and graben structure of Midocean ridge crests based upon spreading velocity and basalt delivery to the Oceanic crust
Authors: Anderson Roger N. , Noltimier H.C. 
Published: March 2023

La cresta de la dorsal del Pacifico oriental entre los 17° N a los 40° S se caracteriza por un horst central. Este rasgo se atribuye a! producto estacionario de una deriva constante en torno a la cresta, en que la varianza de la velocidad de inyección es menor que la varianza de la velocidad de deformación horizontal. Se elabora un modelo basado en estos dos parámetros, con el que se logra explicar tanto la topografía del horst central como de un graben central. Este último ocurre cuando en el modelo se postula una velocidad del fondo marino suficientemente baja, de modo que la varianza de la velocidad de inyección vertical es mayor que la varianza de la velocidad de deformación horizontal. Se supone que esto ocurrirá solamente cuando la deriva es intermitente, debido a la solidificación y ruptura alternada de la zona central de intrusión. Por lo tanto, la configuración del horst central sería la "normal". Dicho de otra manera, hay formación de graben central cuando el material asciende por la cresta sobre distancias mayores que las necesarias para acelerar el material de la cresta desde una velocidad horizontal nula hasta la velocidad de dispersión. De lo contrario, se forma un horst central.
Radioactivity and heat sources in the Central depression of Chiapas state, Mexico
Authors: Pal Surendra , Terrel David J. , García R. Miguel 
Published: March 2023

Se midieron los contenidos de Uranio, Torio y Potasio usando la espectrometría de rayos - Ꝩ en algunas rocas así como también en aguas termales de la depresión central del estado de Chiapas. Los resultados de estas mediciones demuestran que las muestras no tienen altos contenidos de radiactividad, implicando posiblemente que los elementos radiactivos no son responsables de la presencia de manantiales termales del área. Además, los cálculos de balance térmico de un modelo geológico que mejor representa un cuerpo extrusivo ígneo emplazado en dicha depresión central, indican que éste y otros cuerpos pueden ser las posibles fuentes de calor para las aguas termales en el área.
Antibacterial Activity of Cocoa Leaf Extract Theobroma cacao L. Against Acne-Causing Bacteria Cutibacterium Acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Sartika Gunawan Putri  , Sutriani Kaliu  
Published: March 2023

Cocoa plantation waste (Theobroma cacao L.), cocoa leaves are increasingly abundant, with efforts to increase cocoa production by trimming the shape. The Ladongi sub-district in Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, which produces the most cocoa beans, is also not spared from this. Cocoa leaves have not been used optimally, even though their phytochemical components have the potential as antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of cocoa leaf extract (Theobroma cacao L.) against acne-causing Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The method used is the disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer). The results showed that cocoa leaf extract had the potential as an antibacterial against acne-causing bacteria, Cutibacterium acnes, and Staphylococcus epidermidis with respectively the best inhibitory concentration of 25%, 19mm, and 22mm.
Petunjuk Pelatihan Penyusunan Kisi-Kisi Soal dan Penilaian Akhir Bagi Guru-Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah se-Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Kanthi Pamungkas Sari  , Norma Dewi Shalikah  , Irham Nugroho  , Ahwy Oktaradiksa  , Minzani Aufa  , Muis Sad Imam  
Published: March 2023

Background: Pada Penilaian Akhir Semester (PAS) maupun Penilaian Akhir Tahun (PAT), setiap Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) wajib merujuk pada aturan-aturan yang ditetapkan oleh Dirjen Pendis Kementrian Agama serta Keputusan Kepala Kanwil Kementrian Agama Propinsi masing-masing dan setiap MI memiliki kewenangan menyelenggarakan secara mandiri. Namun dalam praktiknya masih ditemui sejumlah kendala dalam penyusunan kisi-kisi dan soal baik untuk PAS dan PAT, terjadi keragaman persepsi sehingga terjadi penggunaan alat ukur yang berbeda. Tujuan kegiatan ini tersosialisasinya prosedur penyusunan kisi-kisi untuk penilaian akhir, dan tersusunnya soal-soal PAS dan PAT Metode: Mitra dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah Majlis Dikdasmen PDM Kabupaten Magelang, peserta 52 orang Guru MIM. Tahapan kegiatan meliputi: melakukan persiapan, proses pelaksanaan dan evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil: Respon peserta sangat baik, selama kegiatan pelatihan berlangsung semua peserta mengikuti dari awal sampai selesai dengan aktif dan antusias. Pada sesi praktik peserta dibagi 4 kelompok, hasilnya 3 kelompok mampu melengkapi kisi-kisi dan menyusun soal dengan baik, dan satu kelompok belum menyelesaikan sampai tuntas. Kesimpulan: Kegiatan ini bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dalam penyusunan kisi-kisi soal dan soal PAS, PAT.
Geology and ore composition studies of Dulaan khar uul poly metal deposit
Authors: Bayaraa Tamir , Dangindorj Dorjgotov , B. Lkhagvatseren 
Published: March 2023

Dulaan khar uul deposit is situated in the NW of the Deluun-Sagsay metallogenic zone, identified within Devonian rift-like structure of Western Mongolia. As for geologic settings, it consists of Devonian Baast uul, Otog formation bimodal volcanic, sedimentary, tufogenic rock units and spatially and genetically interrelated subvolcanic units. The poly metal mineralization develops lenses, layers and vein-like bodies within NE-SW-directed quartz-sericite metasomatite zones extending 700m in length and 300m in width. As a result of geological survey there are identified totally five ore bodies and three of which (id no. I, II-1 and II) are exposed at the surface while the ore bodies no. III and IV are concealed. The ore body no. I continues 600m in extension and dips into the west with an angle of 48-72o. As well, along the dip it extends up to 210m and ranges from 1.33m to 12.2m in width; the oxidation zone is approx.50m in thickness. The ore body no. II contains most of the ore resources and marginally converges into the depth of 50-100m. It also shapes like lenses with dipping angle of 36-87o to the west and occurs in 600m in length extension along strike and extends 350m along dip; the thickness ranges between 0.5m and 18.0m. The ore body no. II-1 exists between the ore bodies no. I and II and is 350m in extension along strike direction and up to 300m along dipping. This vein-like body extends with dipping angle of 51-73o; the thickness ranges from 0.5m to 19.3m. The ore body no. III is concealed in the depth interval of 150-200m below the surface, extends 600m along strike with the thickness of 10.94m. It dips toward the NW with dipping angles of 45-70o as split veins and plates. The ore body no. IV is in 350m in strike length extension and 80m along dipping. The thickness is between 1.15m and 18.3m. The mineral composition of the deposit ore is characterized by mainly sphalerite and galena with pyrite, slight amount of chalcopyrite, occasionally tennantite, marcasite, ilmenite, cerussite, smithsonite, hematite, malachite, arsenopyrite, siderite, gold etc. Two types of sphalerite are identified: (Zn, Fe)S, marmanite with iron and (ZnS) native zin sulfide cleiophane.
Хэлний бодлого төлөвлөлтийн асуудал ба монгол хэлний хөгжил
Authors: O. Myagmarsuren 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the article deals with the role of language development and language planning with terminology work. One way of developing a language is to understand subtleties of developed languages. To measure language development some criteria are suggested: terminologization, increasing of precision, standardization, reducing of loan-words and increasing of scientific concepts in native language. We need terminology standardization to express individual terms in single definitions and understandings of concepts throughout the world. But in most of our professional fields, there is no standard of term translated and interpreted. In large-scale scientific literature translation in which many people are involved, inconsistency in the translation of the same terminology is inevitable.
This paper carried out a comprehensive analysis to terminology definition inconsistency, finding that most are terminology with same meaning but different concepts and definition.
Бээжин дэх төрийн хөвгүүдийн сургууль болон Монголын түүхэнд холбогдох нэгэн чулуун хөшөөний бичээсийн тухай
Authors: D. Naran 
Published: March 2023

The Beijing Guozijian located at the Guozijian street in Beijing, China, was the imperial academy during the Yuan, Ming ,and Qing dynasties, and the last Guozijian of China. The Guozijian was first built in 1306 during the 24th year of Zhiyuan Reign of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, and was reconstructed and renovated on a large scale during Yongle and Zhengtong reigns of the Ming Dynasty. This article focused on study of inscription on stele erected inside Imperial Academy (Gozijian. There were three Mongol graduates names scarfed in traditional Chinese characters, fortunately remained in well condiition from 13th century. In this article the author made attempt to restore their names in Mongolian, to determine who were these people,the time of erection of this stele monument.
Гадаад хэлний сургалтад логик учир зүйн хандлагыг төлөвшүүлэх нь
Authors: J. Erdenebat 
Published: March 2023

This paper is a methodological advice and pragmatic approach to English language teaching and learning with emphasis on logical reasoning in any linguistic features. It also presents practical examples of logical reasoning in English classroom settings covering subjects of grammar, syntax as well as translation. For example, in the section of grammar part, the emphasis will be on logical reasoning with focuses on a word root or morpheme in reference to their context.
Logical reasoning plays an important role in understanding core meaning of morpheme, sentence structure as well as functions of English language overall. With the logical approach to any linguistic features, students will be able to assume derivatives in matter of morphology, to compose English sentences with better command and functions, and to avoid mistakes of using incorrect or illogical variation in translation.
The conversation class
Authors: Jackson ACY L. , G. Dugerjav 
Published: March 2023

Харилцан ярианы хичээл нь англи хэлийг хоёрдогч болон гадаад хэлээр судлах процесст онцгой байр суурь эзэлдэг. Перс хэлээр ярьдаг насанд хүрсэн хүмүүст зориулсан англи хэлний харилцан ярианы хичээл явуулж ирсэн туршлагаа эргэн харахад би энгийн хэрнээ маш чухал зүйлсийг олж авсан байна. Ээлжит хичээлийн үйл ажиллагаанд харилцан ярианы хичээл заахад багш нарт хэрэг болохуйц зарим туршлагаасаа санал болгож байна.
Монгол, японы сурган хүмүүжүүлэх зүйн түүхэн уламжлалыг харьцуулах нь
Authors: Ts. Delgerekhtsetseg , J. Nandinchimeg 
Published: March 2023

In this article, we aimed to compare some issues on Mongolian and Japanese traditional pedagogics according to historical context. It is prominent that Mongolian traditional pedagogy has diverse range of helpful ideas we can take over today. Solution to the controversial problems that our society is facing today might be lying on Mongolian traditional pedagogical philosophical values embedded in folklore, exemplary parental guidance, home manners and various perspectives of child upbringing; including the idea of labor is the best teacher.
Despite the differences between lifestyle, long ran enterprises and writing style; both Mongolia and Japan have plenty of similarities in the field of traditional pedagogics. Respecting elders, custom of youth adhering to instructions of seniors, honoring unity, having moral, regarding education as the key to personal evolution are identical. Although, these beliefs are starting to lose their values due to the development of society in both nations, we have the opportunity to modernize them according to current circumstances.
In every nation’s pedagogical history, there are principles implying values of an individual. Countries’ shall learn from each other, as all of them are unique. In this era of globalization, we should study highly developed nations’ history rather than trying to directly replicate their present day situations. For example, citizens’ educational background was crucial for Japanese economy to develop. Moreover, we can learn a lot from Japanese educational system and moral principles in the long run. These topics shall be studied chronologically more concise.
Монголын нууц товчооны зүйрлэлийн жишээг танихүйн үүднээс тайлбарлах нь
Authors: G. Erdenenaran 
Published: March 2023

Any form of metaphor is a basic expression of the person's understanding and thinking and the expression of the culture. Basic Theory of analytical methodology of Linguistic analysis the selected method designed ancient history of nomadic Mongolian and literature analyzed examples of metaphor of the Mongolian Secret History. These are only model of the author's world as the examples from human life that define the characteristics of Mongolians.
These metaphors came from the daily life of the nomadic Mongolians and their real world and shows how their thinking transmitted through the metaphor.
Interaction between dietary iron intake and genetically determined iron overload: risk of islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes in the TEDDY study
Authors: Thorsen Steffen U. , Liu Xiang , Kataria Yachana , Mandrup-Poulsen Thomas , Kaur Simranjeet , Uusitalo Ulla , Virtanen Suvi M. , M. Norris Jill , Rewers Marian , Hagopian William , Yang Jimin , She Jin-Xiong , Akolkar Beena , Rich Stephen , Aronsson Carin Andrén , Lernmark Åke , Ziegler Anette-Gabriele , Toppari Jorma , Krischer Jeffrey , Parikh Hemang M. , Ellervik Christina , Svensson Jannet , Group the TEDDY Study 
Published: March 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p>
<p>To examine if iron intake and genetically determined iron overload interact in predisposing to the development of childhood islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong></p>
<p>In “The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young” (TEDDY) study, 7,770 genetically high-risk children were followed from birth until the development of IA and progression to T1D. Exposures included energy-adjusted iron intake in the first 3 years of life and a genetic risk score (GRS) for increased circulating iron. </p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>We found a U-shaped association between iron intake and risk of GADA as first autoantibody. In subjects with GRS>=2 iron risk alleles, high iron intake was associated with increased risk of IA with insulin as first autoantibody [adjusted hazard ratio (HR, 95% CI): 1.71 (1.14; 2.58), as compared to moderate iron intake. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>Iron intake may alter the risk of islet autoimmunity in children with high-risk HLA haplogenotypes. </p>
Incidence of LADA and type 2 diabetes in relation to tobacco use and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and related traits: findings from a Swedish case-control study and the Norwegian HUNT Study
Authors: Edstorp Jessica , Ahlqvist Emma , Alfredsson Lars , Aly Dina Mansour , Grill Valdemar , Rasouli Bahareh , Sørgjerd Elin P , Tuomi Tiinamaija , Åsvold Bjørn O. , Carlsson Sofia 
Published: March 2023

<p> </p>
<h2>Objective </h2>
<p>Smoking and Swedish smokeless tobacco (snus) are associated with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to investigate whether genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion (IS) aggravate these associations.</p>
<h2>Research design and methods</h2>
<p>We used data from two population-based Scandinavian studies with incident cases of LADA (n=839) and type 2 diabetes (n=5771), matched controls (n=3068) and 1,696,503 person-years at risk. Pooled, multivariate relative risks (RR) with 95% CI were estimated for smoking/ genetic risk scores (T2D-GRS, IS-GRS and IR-GRS), and odds ratios (OR) for snus or tobacco/GRS (case-control data). We estimated additive (proportion attributable to interaction [AP]) and multiplicative interaction between tobacco use and GRSs. </p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>The RR of LADA was elevated in high IR-GRS heavy smokers (≥15 pack-years; RR 2.01 [CI 1.30, 3.10]) and tobacco users (≥15 box/pack-years; RR 2.59 [CI 1.54, 4.35]) compared to low IR-GRS individuals without heavy use, with evidence of additive (AP 0.67 [CI 0.46, 0.89]; AP 0.52 [CI 0.21, 0.83]) and multiplicative (p 0.003; p 0.034) interaction. In heavy users, there was additive interaction between T2D-GRS and smoking, snus and total tobacco use. The excess risk conferred by tobacco use did not differ across GRS categories in type 2 diabetes. </p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Tobacco use may confer a higher risk of LADA in individuals with genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, whereas genetic susceptibility does not seem to influence the increased type 2 diabetes incidence associated with tobacco use. </p>
The Effect of Addition Multi Nutrients Sauce Supplement in Ration on the Consumption of Ration, the Average Daily Gain, and the Conversion of Ration of Rambon Goats
Authors: Juandita Karina Natasya , Erwanto Erwanto , Husni Ali , Qisthon Arif 
Published: March 2023

This research aims to study the effect of addition Multi Nutrients Sauce (MNS) supplement in the ration on consumption of ration, the average daily gain (ADG), and conversion of ration of Rambon goats. The research was conducted for 60 days at the farmer of Adi Luwih Hamlet, Adi Jaya Village, TerbanggiBesar District, Central Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. The research was conducted experimentally using the Randomized Block Design method. Twelve male Rambon goats were grouped into four based on body weight and given three treatments, namely P0 (100% farmer ration), P1 (P0 + 5% MNS), and P2 (P0 + 10% MNS). The data obtained were analyzed for variance and further test of Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that the addition of MNS 5% and 10% in the ration could increase the ration consumption and ADG of Rambon goats (P<0.05), otherwisw, it did not affect the conversion of ration in all treatments (P>0.05). The ADG and conversion of ration did not different between 5% and 10% MNS, but the ration consumption of 5% MNS was lower than 10% MNS (P<0.05). It was concluded that the addition of 5% MNS could increase body weight gain, but has not been able to increase the efficiency of the ration
Optimum Combination of Food Crops and Livestock Farms as a Strategy to Maximize Farmers' Income in Kupang Regency– Indonesia
Authors: Lalus Matheos Filipus , Krova Maria , Ratu Maria Rosdiana Deno 
Published: March 2023

Dry land farming in Kupang Regency consists of a combination of food crops farming and horticulture like corn, rice, beans and tubers with livestock such as cattle, pigs, goats and local chickens. Those farms were carried out in a traditional combination heritantly using simple technology and subsistence. The research purpose were to analyze the combination of various types of crops cultivated and types of livestock raised by the farmers in order to achieve maximum income and to analyze the contribution of various types of food crops and horticulture and types of livestock to increase the farmers’ income. The data were analyzed by applying a simplex algorithm approach. The results showed that the optimum combination of resources that generate maximum income was IDR 47,646,888.86. Contributions of various farms were as follow: food crops and horticulture including rice (X1) of IDR 2,115,984.17; corn (X2) of IDR. 754.840.28; peanuts (X3) of IDR 184,970.33; and sweet potatoes (X4) of IDR 1,432,994.17. Then, the contribution of livestock likes : cattle (X5) reached at IDR 2,689,130.43; goats (X6) at IDR 1,098,571.43; pigs (X7) IDR 58,851.35 and chickens (X8) IDR 293.310.81; and off-farm activities (X9) at IDR 262,458.3
An Investigation of the Impact of Compost Tea Applications on Turf Quality and Soil Microbial Activity
Authors: Waliczek T.M. , Wagner N.C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of compost tea applications on turf quality and soil microbial activity. Evaluations of turfgrass quality were based on The National Turfgrass Evaluation Program's guidelines while soil samples were analyzed for chemical attributes and microbial activity. Four sites and treatments for the study included: 1) a soil drench compost tea application with irrigation, 2) a soil drench compost tea application with no irrigation, 3) no compost tea application with irrigation, and 4) no compost tea application nor irrigation. Fifteen soil samples and turf quality observations from each treatment were collected for pretest data. Then, post-test data were collected after each additional seasonal test period over the course of one year for each of the four plots. For the four plots, the site which received compost tea applications and regular irrigation received significantly higher turf quality ratings, and compost tea improved turf quality ratings beyond that of regular irrigation. No differences were found in microbial populations given the compost tea application. While the study results provided evidence of the value of compost tea to overall turf quality aesthetics, more research is recommended regarding compost tea applications and beneficial soil microbial populations in turf.Species used in this study: Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) L. Pers.
An Update of the Literature Supporting the Economic Benefits of Plants: Part 2 – Increased Property Values
Authors: Fetchel Macy , Hall Charles R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper provides a review of the key research efforts that provide evidence of one of the more prominent economic benefits associated with plants and improved landscaped areas – improved property values. These benefits may persuade reluctant residential homeowners to purchase plants and improve their landscapes, may aid municipal leaders and policymakers in justifying green infrastructure-related funding decisions, and may provide grounds for the landscape and general construction industries for using biophilic design principles to ensure the built environment offers opportunities for green space interactions. In this way, the green industry can play a pivotal role not only in providing quality plants for these applications, but in educating stakeholders regarding the economic benefits discussed herein. This research should also be strategically incorporated into both industry-wide and firm-specific marketing messages that highlight the quality-of-life value proposition in order to maintain the industry's sense of value and relevance to residential and municipal landscape consumers of the future. If implemented effectively, the demand for green industry products and services may be affected positively.