bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High accuracy distinction of shockable and non-shockable arrhythmias in abnormal classes through wavelet transform with pseudo differential like operators
Authors: Rahman Md. Masudur , Albeverio Sergio , Kagawa Toshinao , Kawasaki Shuji , Okai Takayuki , Oya Hidetoshi , Yahagi Yumi , Yoshida Minoru W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArrhythmia is an abnormal rhythm of the heart which leads to sudden death. Among these arrhythmias, some are shockable, and some are non-shockable arrhythmias with external defibrillation. The automated external defibrillator (AED) is used as the automated arrhythmia diagnosis system and requires an accurate and rapid decision to increase the survival rate. Therefore, a precise and quick decision by the AED has become essential in improving the survival rate. This paper presents an arrhythmia diagnosis system for the AED by engineering methods and generalized function theories. In the arrhythmia diagnosis system, the proposed wavelet transform with pseudo-differential like operators-based method effectively generates a distinguishable scalogram for the shockable and non-shockable arrhythmia in the abnormal class signals, which leads to the decision algorithm getting the best distinction. Then, a new quality parameter is introduced to get more details by quantizing the statistical features on the scalogram. Finally, design a simple AED shock and non-shock advice method by following this information to improve the precision and rapid decision. Here, an adequate topology (metric function) is adopted to the space of the scatter plot, where we can give different scales to select the best area of the scatter plot for the test sample. As a consequence, the proposed decision method gives the highest accuracy and rapid decision between shockable and non-shockable arrhythmias. The proposed arrhythmia diagnosis system increases the accuracy to 97.98%, with a gain of 11.75% compared to the conventional approach in the abnormal class signals. Therefore, the proposed method contributes an additional 11.75% possibility for increasing the survival rate. The proposed arrhythmia diagnosis system is general and could be applied to distinguish different arrhythmia-based applications. Also, each contribution could be used independently in various applications.
Investigation of boron-doped graphene oxide anchored with copper sulphide flowers as visible light active photocatalyst for methylene blue degradation
Authors: Farhan Ahmad , Zahid Muhammad , Tahir Noor , Mansha Asim , Yaseen Muhammad , Mustafa Ghulam , Alamir Mohammed A. , Alarifi Ibrahim M. , shahid Imran 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe non-biodegradable nature of waste emitted from the agriculture and industrial sector contaminates freshwater reserves. Fabrication of highly effective and low-cost heterogeneous photocatalysts is crucial for sustainable wastewater treatment. The present research study aims to construct a novel photocatalyst using a facile ultrasonication-assisted hydrothermal method. Metal sulphides and doped carbon support materials work well to fabricate hybrid sunlight active systems that efficiently harness green energy and are eco-friendly. Boron-doped graphene oxide-supported copper sulphide nanocomposite was synthesized hydrothermally and was assessed for sunlight-assisted photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye. BGO/CuS was characterized through various techniques such as SEM–EDS, XRD, XPS, FTIR, BET, PL, and UV–Vis DRS spectroscopy. The bandgap of BGO-CuS was found to be 2.51 eV as evaluated through the tauc plot method. The enhanced dye degradation was obtained at optimum conditions of pH = 8, catalyst concentration (20 mg/100 mL for BGO-CuS), oxidant dose (10 mM for BGO-CuS), and optimum time of irradiation was 60 min. The novel boron-doped nanocomposite effectively degraded methylene blue up to 95% under sunlight. Holes and hydroxyl radicals were the key reactive species. Response surface methodology was used to analyze the interaction among several interacting parameters to remove dye methylene blue effectively.
Anomalous correlation-induced dynamical phase transitions
Authors: Khan Niaz Ali , Wang Pei , Jan Munsif , Xianlong Gao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe nonanalyticity of the Loschmidt echo at critical times in quantum quenched systems is termed as the dynamical quantum phase transition, extending the notion of quantum criticality to a nonequilibrium scenario. In this paper, we establish a new paradigm of dynamical phase transitions driven by a sudden change in the internal spatial correlations of the disorder potential in a low-dimensional disordered system. The quench dynamics between prequenched pure and postquenched random system Hamiltonian reveals an anomalous dynamical quantum phase transition triggered by an infinite disorder correlation in the modulation potential. The physical origin of the anomalous phenomenon is associated with the overlap between the two distinctly different extended states. Furthermore, we explore the quench dynamics between the prequenched random and postquenched pure system Hamiltonian. Interestingly, the quenched system undergoes dynamical quantum phase transitions for the prequench white-noise potential in the thermodynamic limit. In addition, the quench dynamics also shows a clear signature of the delocalization phase transition in the correlated Anderson model.
Effectual visible light photocatalytic reduction of para-nitro phenol using reduced graphene oxide and ZnO composite
Authors: Velusamy Sasireka , Roy Anurag , Mariam Ezrah , Krishnamurthy Satheesh , Sundaram Senthilarasu , Mallick Tapas K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRemoving wastewater pollutants using semiconducting-based heterogeneous photocatalysis is an advantageous technique because it provides strong redox power charge carriers under sunlight irradiation. In this study, we synthesized a composite of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO) called rGO@ZnO. We established the formation of type II heterojunction composites by employing various physicochemical characterization techniques. To evaluate the photocatalytic performance of the synthesized rGO@ZnO composite, we tested it for reducing a common wastewater pollutant, para-nitro phenol (PNP), to para-amino phenol (PAP) under both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light irradiances. The rGOx@ZnO (x = 0.5–7 wt%) samples, comprising various weights of rGO, were investigated as potential photocatalysts for the reduction of PNP to PAP under visible light irradiation. Among the samples, rGO5@ZnO exhibited remarkable photocatalytic activity, achieving a PNP reduction efficiency of approximately 98% within a short duration of four minutes. These results demonstrate an effective strategy and provide fundamental insights into removing high-value-added organic water pollutants.
Application of ensemble model in capacity prediction of the CCFST columns under axial and eccentric loading
Authors: Wang Jing , Lu Ruichen , Cheng Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the load-carrying capacity of circular concrete-filled steel tube (CCFST) columns is crucial for designing CCFST structures. However, traditional empirical formulas often yield inconsistent results for the same scenario, causing confusion for decision makers. Additionally, simple regression analysis is unable to accurately predict the complex mapping relationship between input and output variables. To address these limitations, this paper proposes an ensemble model that incorporates multiple input features, such as component geometry and material properties, to predict CCFST load capacity. The model is trained and tested on two datasets comprising 1305 tests on CCFST columns under concentric loading and 499 tests under eccentric loading. The results demonstrate that the proposed ensemble model outperforms conventional support vector regression and random forest models in terms of the determination coefficient (R2) and error metrics (MAE, RMSE, and MAPE). Moreover, a feature analysis based on the Shapley additive interpretation (SHAP) technique indicates that column diameter is the most critical factor affecting compressive strength. Other important factors include tube thickness, yield strength of steel tube, and concrete compressive strength, all of which have a positive effect on load capacity. Conversely, an increase in column length or eccentricity leads to a decrease in load capacity. These findings can provide useful insights and guidance for the design of CCFST columns.
Effect of cue-based feeding on time to nipple feed and time to discharge in very low birth weight infants
Authors: Spagnoli Jonathan , Dhanireddy Ramasubbareddy , Gannon Emily , Chilakala Sandeep 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a cue-based feeding protocol in improving time to nipple feed and time to discharge in very low birth weight infants in a Level III Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Demographic, feeding, and discharge data were recorded and compared between the two cohorts. The pre-protocol cohort included infants born from August 2013 through April 2016 and the post-protocol cohort included infants born from January 2017 through December 2019. 272 infants were included in the pre-protocol cohort and 314 infants in the post-protocol cohort. Both cohorts were statistically comparable in gestational age, gender, race, birthweight, prenatal care, antenatal steroid use, and rates of maternal diabetes. There were statistically significant differences between the pre- versus post-protocol cohorts in median post-menstrual age (PMA) in days at first nipple feed (PO) (240 vs 238, p = 0.025), PMA in days at full PO (250 vs 247, p = 0.015), and length of stay in days (55 vs 48, p = 0.0113). Comparing each year in the post-protocol cohort, for each outcome measure, a similar trend was noted in 2017 and 2018, but not in 2019. In conclusion, the cue-based feeding protocol was associated with a decrease in the time to first PO, time to full nipple feeds, and the length of stay in very-low-birthweight infants.
Comparison of pathogen detection consistency between metagenomic next-generation sequencing and blood culture in patients with suspected bloodstream infection
Authors: Zhou Yuhua , Shi Wen , Wen Yi , Mao Enqiang , Ni Tongtian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has gradually been carried out by clinical practitioner. However, few studies have compared it with blood cultures in patients suffering from suspected bloodstream infections. The purpose of this study was to compare the detection of pathogenic microorganisms by these two assays in patients with suspected bloodstream infection. We retrospectively studied patients with fever, chills, antibiotic use for more than 3 days, suspected bloodstream infection, and admission to the emergency department of Ruijin Hospital from January 2020 to June 2022. All patients had blood drawn on the same day for blood mNGS and blood cultures. Clinical and laboratory parameters were collected on the day blood was drawn. The detection of pathogenic microorganisms by the two methods was compared. Risk factors and in-hospital mortality in patients with bloodstream infections were analysed separately for these two assays. In all 99 patients, the pathogenic microorganisms detection rate in blood mNGS was significantly higher than that in blood culture. Blood mNGS was consistent with blood culture in only 12.00% of all positive bacterial and fungal test results. The level of CRP is related to bacteraemia, fungaemia and viraemia detected by blood mNGS. No clear risk factors could be found in patients with a positive blood culture. In critically ill patients, both tests failed to improve patient outcomes. In patients with suspected bloodstream infection, mNGS is not yet a complete replacement for blood cultures.
Pirin is a prognostic marker of human melanoma that dampens the proliferation of malignant cells by downregulating JARID1B/KDM5B expression
Authors: Penas Cristina , Arroyo-Berdugo Yoana , Apraiz Aintzane , Rasero Javier , Muñoa-Hoyos Iraia , Andollo Noelia , Cancho-Galán Goikoane , Izu Rosa , Gardeazabal Jesús , Ezkurra Pilar A. , Subiran Nerea , Alvarez-Dominguez Carmen , Alonso Santos , Bosserhoff Anja K. , Asumendi Aintzane , Boyano María D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOriginally considered to act as a transcriptional co-factor, Pirin has recently been reported to play a role in tumorigenesis and the malignant progression of many tumors. Here, we have analyzed the diagnostic and prognostic value of Pirin expression in the early stages of melanoma, and its role in the biology of melanocytic cells. Pirin expression was analyzed in a total of 314 melanoma biopsies, correlating this feature with the patient’s clinical course. Moreover,PIRdownregulated primary melanocytes were analyzed by RNA sequencing, and the data obtained were validated in human melanoma cell lines overexpressingPIRby functional assays. The immunohistochemistry multivariate analysis revealed that early melanomas with stronger Pirin expression were more than twice as likely to develop metastases during the follow-up. Transcriptome analysis ofPIRdownregulated melanocytes showed a dampening of genes involved in the G1/S transition, cell proliferation, and cell migration. In addition, an in silico approach predicted thatJARID1Bas a potential transcriptional regulator that lies betweenPIRand its downstream modulated genes, which was corroborated by co-transfection experiments and functional analysis. Together, the data obtained indicated that Pirin could be a useful marker for the metastatic progression of melanoma and that it participates in the proliferation of melanoma cells by regulating the slow-cyclingJARID1Bgene.
Experimental testing of irradiated engine oil using an e-beam
Authors: Zachar Martin , Furch Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEngine oil forms a complex system with a number of features. These features consist of hydrocarbons, various natural, or synthetic polymers. The irradiation of polymers becomes an integral part of modern industry. The lubrication, charge, thermal and cleaning requirements, which engine oils are expected to meet, are often chemically contradictory and manufacturers have to decide to compromise. Electron accelerators are widely used to enhance polymer properties. By applying radiation technology, it is possible to increase the desirable properties of polymers while leaving other properties at their original value. The paper focuses on combustion engine oil modified by e-beam. The assessed engine oil has a hydrocarbon base, which, from the chemical point of view, is processed as a polymer during the irradiation process. In this paper we have compared selected properties of the conventional and the irradiated engine oil during two exchange intervals. We have examined appropriate dose, dose rate, irradiation volume and a container on a single accelerated electrons energy. The examined oil properties were of a physical and physico-chemical nature, and included mainly kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, the total base number, soot content, oxidation, sulfation, significant chemical elements and wear particles. Every oil attribute is compared with its original value. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the application of e-beam is an adequate method used to enhance engine oil properties to achieve cleaner engine running, and extend engine oil lifetime.
Bayesian risk prediction model for colorectal cancer mortality through integration of clinicopathologic and genomic data
Authors: Zhao Melissa , Lau Mai Chan , Haruki Koichiro , Väyrynen Juha P. , Gurjao Carino , Väyrynen Sara A. , Dias Costa Andressa , Borowsky Jennifer , Fujiyoshi Kenji , Arima Kota , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Lennerz Jochen K. , Fuchs Charles S. , Nishihara Reiko , Chan Andrew T. , Ng Kimmie , Zhang Xuehong , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Song Mingyang , Wang Molin , Giannakis Marios , Nowak Jonathan A. , Yu Kun-Hsing , Ugai Tomotaka , Ogino Shuji 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRoutine tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging of colorectal cancer is imperfect in predicting survival due to tumor pathobiological heterogeneity and imprecise assessment of tumor spread. We leveraged Bayesian additive regression trees (BART), a statistical learning technique, to comprehensively analyze patient-specific tumor characteristics for the improvement of prognostic prediction. Of 75 clinicopathologic, immune, microbial, and genomic variables in 815 stage II–III patients within two U.S.-wide prospective cohort studies, the BART risk model identified seven stable survival predictors. Risk stratifications (low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk) based on model-predicted survival were statistically significant (hazard ratios 0.19–0.45, vs. higher risk; P < 0.0001) and could be externally validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data (P = 0.0004). BART demonstrated model flexibility, interpretability, and comparable or superior performance to other machine-learning models. Integrated bioinformatic analyses using BART with tumor-specific factors can robustly stratify colorectal cancer patients into prognostic groups and be readily applied to clinical oncology practice.
Presenting a new scheme for developing a distribution system restoration using online islanding method in the presence of dispatchable and non‐dispatchable DGRs and energy storages
Authors: Yeganehkia Mohammad Hassan , Rezaei Mohammad Mahdi , Abedi Mehrdad , Shojaeian Shahrokh , Dowlatshahi Milad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a two‐layer method for restoring service. Firstly, a new strategy is used to obtain binary variables relating to closed switches and tie switches. In addition, after the fault occurs it is also possible to obtain optimal islands online. Secondly, a non‐linear model is solved to optimally determine the islands created in the first step, in which distributed generation resources (DGRs), energy storages (ESs) and load shedding (LSH) are reprogrammed. When LSH is performed, the sensitive loads must experience the least amount of outage possible. Therefore, the loads are categorized into residential, industrial, and sensitive categories. In order to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, a modified IEEE 33‐bus system is simulated. In simulations, the proposed strategy has been compared with one of the important existing methods. Based on these results, the proposed method can reduce the cost function by modifying the critical load less than other methods. In this method, the critical LSH is 220 kW, which is 105 kW less than the compared method. By reducing the amount of load, 46,000 dollars have been saved in system expenses. The results confirm that the proposed strategy is considerably superior to the existing method.
Bewegungsbasierte Prähabilitation vor elektiven Eingriffen am
Herzen: ein Überblick
Authors: Steinmetz Carolin , Bjarnason-Wehrens Birna , Roth Katja , Walther Claudia , Sadlonova Monika , von Arnim Christine A.F. , Schmidt Thomas 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung multimorbider und hochaltriger Patient*innen stellt das
Gesundheitssystem vor enorme Herausforderungen. Dies gilt auch im Bereich der
Kardiologie, der Kardiochirurgie und der kardiologischen Rehabilitation. Eine
verminderte körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit und der Verlust der
körperlichen Funktionsfähigkeit vor, während und nach
einem Krankenhausaufenthalt wirken sich negativ auf die Lebensqualität,
Selbstständigkeit und Alltagsbelastbarkeit älterer
Patient*innen aus. Insbesondere vor elektiven Eingriffen am Herzen
profitieren ältere Patient*innen voraussichtlich von einer
spezifischen prähabilitativen Vorbereitung auf den Eingriff. Dieser
Artikel fasst die wesentlichen Erfahrungen und aktuelle wissenschaftliche
Ergebnisse in diesem Themengebiet, auf der Basis eines narrativen Reviews,
zusammen. Eingeschlossen wurden fünf systematische
Übersichtsarbeiten mit Metaanalysen publiziert zwischen
2012–2022. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass prähabilitative
Maßnahmen mit einem bewegungsbasierten Schwerpunkt (u. a.
Ausdauertraining, Gymnastik und Atemtraining) vor operativen Eingriffen am
Herzen die Krankenhausverweildauer verkürzen, die funktionelle
Kapazität verbessern und verschiedene postoperative Komplikationen
reduzieren können. Limitation dieser Arbeiten sind die enorme
Heterogenität der eingeschlossenen Studien in Bezug auf die
therapeutischen Interventionen, die untersuchten Erfolgsparameter sowie die
eingeschlossenen Kohorten. In Zukunft gilt es, standardisierte und
evidenzbasierte Prähabilitationsprogramme für die Kardiologie
und Kardiochirurgie zu entwickeln, um abhängig von der jeweiligen
Kohorte den größtmöglichen Benefit für
die/den einzelne/n Patient*in zu erzielen. Aufschluss
hierüber könnten die aktuell in Deutschland laufenden
prähabilitativen Multicenterstudien PRECOVERY und PRÄP-GO
liefern. Das langfristige Ziel ist es, die Prähabilitation im
kardiologischen/kardiochirurgischen Setting in Deutschland als neue
Versorgungsform einzuführen und zu etablieren.
Prähabilitatives körperliches Training könnte
die Wirksamkeit einer neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie bei Speiseröhrenkrebs
verdoppeln
Authors: Köppel Maximilian 
Published: June 2023

OriginalpublikationAus über 700 klinischen Studien zur Wirksamkeit von Bewegung bei Krebs wissen
wir, dass Bewegung für die Betroffenen nicht nur sicher ist, sondern auch
effektiv zum Nebenwirkungsmanagement eingesetzt werden kann 1
2.
Darüber hinaus sind Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit nicht nur auf beispielsweise
die medizinische Rehabilitation beschränkt, sondern konnten sich entlang der
gesamten Krebstrajektorie, d. h. von Diagnosestellung bis hin zur Nachsorge,
bewähren 3. Es empfiehlt sich demnach,
so früh wie möglich aktiv zu werden, um entlang des gesamten Weges
von Bewegung zu profitieren. Welch enormes Potenzial die frühe
Implementierung von Bewegung in die onkologische Versorgung haben könnte,
wurde nun in einer im British Journal of Sports Medicine erschienenen Arbeit von
Zylstra und Kollegen 4 demonstriert. Zylstra et
al. rekrutierten insgesamt 41 Patienten mit Speiseröhrenkarzinom, wovon 21
der Interventions- und 20 der Kontrollgruppe zugewiesen wurden. Im Gegensatz zur
ansonsten üblichen zufälligen Gruppenzuweisung (Randomisierung)
erfolgte die Zuweisung hier anhand des Wohnortes der Patienten.
Seltene Ursache für eine unzureichende Stoffwechseleinstellung
Authors: Harms Marlen , Beier Bernhard , Müssig Karsten 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungEine unzureichende Blutglukose-Stoffwechseleinstellung bei Menschen mit Diabetes kann
unterschiedliche Ursachen haben. Dazu zählen bestimmte Arzneimittel, wie z.B. Kortikosteroide,
Betablocker oder Thiaziddiuretika, ebenso wie akute Erkrankungen wie schwere Infektionen,
Myokardinfarkt, Schlaganfall oder Bauchspeicheldrüsenerkrankungen. In der nachfolgenden
Fallbeschreibung möchten wir auf eine Ursache für eine Hyperglykämie hinweisen, die erst durch
eine sehr genaue Inspektion der im Rahmen des Diabetesmanagements verwendeten Materialien
aufgedeckt werden konnte.