bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incretins and cardiovascular disease: to the heart of type 2 diabetes?
Authors: Solini Anna , Tricò Domenico , Del Prato Stefano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMajor cardiovascular outcome trials and real-life observations have proven that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), regardless of structural GLP-1 homology, exert clinically relevant cardiovascular protection. GLP-1RAs provide cardioprotective benefits through glycaemic and non-glycaemic effects, including improved insulin secretion and action, body-weight loss, blood-pressure lowering and improved lipid profile, as well as via direct effects on the heart and vasculature. These actions are likely combined with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that translate into robust and consistent reductions in atherothrombotic events, particularly in people with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic CVD. GLP-1RAs may also have an impact on obesity and chronic kidney disease, conditions for which cardiovascular risk-reducing options are limited. The available evidence has prompted professional and medical societies to recommend GLP-1RAs for mitigation of the cardiovascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes. This review summarises the clinical evidence for cardiovascular protection with use of GLP-1RAs and the main mechanisms underlying this effect. Moreover, it looks into how the availability of upcoming dual and triple incretin receptor agonists might expand the possibility for cardiovascular protection in people with type 2 diabetes.
Graphical Abstract
Higher age and present injury at the start of the season are risk factors for in‐season injury in amateur male and female football players—a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sonesson Sofi , Lindblom Hanna , Hägglund Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe the injury prevalence, injury pattern, and potential baseline risk factors for injuries in male and female adolescent and adult amateur football players.MethodsThis prospective study followed adolescent and adult amateur football players over one season March–October 2020. The study was completed by 462 players (130 men, age 20.0 ± 5.7, 14–46 years) who answered a baseline survey and a weekly web survey during the season. A total of 1456 weekly surveys were registered from males and 5041 from females. Injuries were recorded with the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC‐O2). Potential baseline risk factors (age, performance of strength/conditioning training, participation in other sports, perceived importance of sporting success, self‐rated training and match load, perceived balance between training/match load and recovery, previous/present injury at start of season, and injury beliefs) and their association with injury were analysed with Poisson regressions within each sex.ResultsMales reported 95 injuries (262 injury weeks, weekly prevalence 18.0% (95% CI 16.1–20.1)) and females 350 injuries (1206 injury weeks, weekly prevalence 23.9% (95% CI 22.8–25.1)). Gradual‐onset injuries accounted for 57% of the injuries in males and 66% in females. For males, substantial injuries were most common in the hip/groin (weekly prevalence 3.8%), ankle (2.1%), posterior thigh (2.0%), and knee (2.0%); and for females, in the knee (4.3%), ankle (2.5%), and lower leg/Achilles tendon (2.0%). Significant risk factors for injury were higher age (rate ratio males 1.05 per year increase (95% CI 1.02–1.08), females 1.03 (95% CI 1.01–1.05)), and present injury at baseline (males 1.92 (95% CI 1.27–2.89), females 1.58 (95% CI 1.19–2.09)).ConclusionAt any given week, almost one in five male and one in four female amateur football players reported new or ongoing injuries. Hip/groin injuries were more frequent in males, while female players had a higher prevalence of knee injuries. Older players and those with an existing injury at the start of the season were more prone to new injury during the season. Rehabilitation of pre‐season injury and complaints are key to reduce the injury burden in amateur football.Level of evidenceLevel II.Trial registration number NCT04272047, Clinical trials
Detailed characterisation of batch-manufactured flexible micro-grinding tools for electrochemical assisted grinding of copper surfaces
Authors: Steinhoff Lukas , Ottermann Rico , Dencker Folke , Wurz Marc Christopher 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrecision machining is becoming more and more important with the increasing demands on surface quality for various components. This applies, for example, to mirror components in micro-optics or cooling components in microelectronics. Copper is a frequently used material for this purpose, but its mechanical properties make it difficult to machine. In this study, a process strategy for finishing copper surfaces with batch-manufactured micro-grinding tools in an electrochemically assisted grinding process is demonstrated. The tool heads are manufactured from a polyimide-abrasive-suspension and silicon as a carrier substrate using microsystems technology. The matching shafts are milled from aluminium. The tools are then used on pure copper and oxidised copper surfaces. By using finer abrasives grains (1.6–2.4 µm instead of 4–6 µm) than previously, similar surface roughness values could be achieved (Ra = 0.09 ± 0.02 µm, Rz = 1.94 ± 0.73 µm) with the same grinding process. An optimised grinding process that combines the use of rough and fine tools, on the other hand, achieves significantly better surface finishes in just four grinding iterations (Ra = 0.02 ± 0.01 µm, Rz = 0.83 ± 0.21 µm). In order to achieve a further increase in surface quality, this optimised grinding process is combined with the anodic oxidation of the copper workpieces. The surface modification is done to increase the machinability of the surface by creating an oxide layer. This is confirmed by the results of scratch tests carried out, which showed less force acting on the tool during machining with the oxide layer than with a pure copper surface. To realise this within the machine tool, an electrochemical cell is shown that can be integrated into the machine so that the oxidation can be carried out immediately before the grinding process. The copper layers produced inside the electrochemical cell in the machine tool show similar characteristics to the samples produced outside. Processing the oxidised samples with the optimised grinding process led to a further reduction of about 17% in the Rz values (Ra = 0.03 ± 0.01 µm, Rz = 0.69 ± 0.20 µm). The combination of the shown grinding process and the integration of anodic oxidation within the machine tool for the surface modification of copper workpieces seems to be promising to achieve high surface finishes.
The fallacy in productivity decomposition
Authors: Bruhn Simon , Grebel Thomas , Nesta Lionel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that the typical practice of performing growth decompositions based on log-transformed productivity values induces fallacious conclusions: using logs may lead to an inaccurate aggregate growth rate, an inaccurate description of the micro sources of aggregate growth, or both. We identify the mathematical sources of this log-induced fallacy in decomposition and analytically demonstrate the questionable reliability of log results. Using firm-level data from the French manufacturing sector during the 2009–2018 period, we empirically show that the magnitude of the log-induced distortions is substantial. We find that around 60–80% of four-digit industry results are prone to mismeasurement depending on the definition of accurate log measures. We further find significant correlations of this mismeasurement with commonly deployed industry characteristics, indicating, among other things, that less competitive industries are more prone to log distortions. Evidently, these correlations also affect the validity of studies investigating industry characteristics’ role in productivity growth.
Quantum Lefschetz property for genus two stable quasimap invariants
Authors: Lee Sanghyeon , Li Mu-Lin , Oh Jeongseok 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBy the reduced component in a moduli space of stable quasimaps to n-dimensional projective space $$\mathbb {P}^n$$

P

n

we mean the closure of the locus in which the domain curves are smooth. As in the moduli space of stable maps, we prove the reduced component is smooth in genus 2, degree$$\ge 3$$

≥
3

. Then we prove the virtual fundamental cycle of the moduli space of stable quasimaps to a complete intersectionXin $$\mathbb {P}^n$$

P

n

of genus 2, degree $$\ge 3$$

≥
3

is explicitly expressed in terms of the fundamental cycle of the reduced component of $$\mathbb {P}^n$$

P

n

and virtual cycles of lower genus $$<2$$

<
2

moduli spaces of X.
The twisted Selberg trace formula and the twisted Selberg zeta function for compact orbifolds
Authors: Fedosova Ksenia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose a version of the Selberg trace formula for compact hyperbolic orbifolds $$\Gamma \backslash {\mathbb {H}}^{2n+1}$$

Γ
\

H

2
n
+
1

for non-unitary representations of $$\Gamma $$
Γ
and establish that the associated Selberg zeta function admits a meromorphic continuation to $${\mathbb {C}}$$
C
.
Influence of Lewis acids on the symmetric SN2 reaction
Authors: Iribarren Iñigo , Trujillo Cristina , Sánchez-Sanz Goar , Hénon Eric , Elguero José , Alkorta Ibon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a theoretical analysis the effect of non-covalent interactions (NCI) in three different SN2 reactions (X–:CH3X → XCH3:X–, X = Cl, Br and I) has been theoretically analysed in the pre-reactive complexes, TS and products. A total of eighteen Lewis acids (LAs: FH, ClH, FCl, I2, SeHF, SeF2, PH2F, PF3, SiH3F, SiF4, BH3, BF3, BeH2, BeF2, LiH, LiF, Au2and AgCl) interact with the halogen atom of the CH3X molecule. To analyse the strength of the non-covalent interactions, both the independent gradient model tool and electron density maps have been employed. The results reveal that in all cases, the interaction between the anion and the Lewis acid leads to an increase in the transition barriers compared to the parental reaction.
Particle-Hole Transformation in the Continuum and Determinantal Point Processes
Authors: Alshehri Maryam Gharamah Ali , Lytvynov Eugene 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLet X be an underlying space with a reference measure $$\sigma $$
σ
. Let K be an integral operator in $$L^2(X,\sigma )$$

L
2

(
X
,
σ
)

with integral kernel K(x, y). A point process $$\mu $$
μ
on X is called determinantal with the correlation operator K if the correlation functions of $$\mu $$
μ
are given by $$k^{(n)}(x_1,\dots ,x_n)={\text {det}}[K(x_i,x_j)]_{i,j=1,\dots ,n}$$

k

(
n
)

(

x
1

,
⋯
,

x
n

)

=
det

[
K

(

x
i

,

x
j

)

]

i
,
j
=
1
,
⋯
,
n

. It is known that each determinantal point process with a self-adjoint correlation operator K is the joint spectral measure of the particle density $$\rho (x)=\mathcal A^+(x)\mathcal A^-(x)$$

ρ

(
x
)

=

A
+

(
x
)

A
-

(
x
)

($$x\in X$$

x
∈
X

), where the operator-valued distributions $$\mathcal A^+(x)$$

A
+

(
x
)

, $$\mathcal A^-(x)$$

A
-

(
x
)

come from a gauge-invariant quasi-free representation of the canonical anticommutation relations (CAR). If the space X is discrete and divided into two disjoint parts, $$X_1$$

X
1

and $$X_2$$

X
2

, by exchanging particles and holes on the $$X_2$$

X
2

part of the space, one obtains from a determinantal point process with a self-adjoint correlation operator K the determinantal point process with the J-self-adjoint correlation operator $$\widehat{K}=KP_1+(1-K)P_2$$

K
^

=
K

P
1

+

(
1
-
K
)

P
2

. Here $$P_i$$

P
i

is the orthogonal projection of $$L^2(X,\sigma )$$

L
2

(
X
,
σ
)

onto $$L^2(X_i,\sigma )$$

L
2

(

X
i

,
σ
)

. In the case where the space X is continuous, the exchange of particles and holes makes no sense. Instead, we apply a Bogoliubov transformation to a gauge-invariant quasi-free representation of the CAR. This transformation acts identically on the $$X_1$$

X
1

part of the space and exchanges the creation operators $$\mathcal A^+(x)$$

A
+

(
x
)

and the annihilation operators $$\mathcal A^-(x)$$

A
-

(
x
)

for $$x\in X_2$$

x
∈

X
2

. This leads to a quasi-free representation of the CAR, which is not anymore gauge-invariant. We prove that the joint spectral measure of the corresponding particle density is the determinantal point process with the correlation operator $$\widehat{K}$$

K
^

.
2M1 phlogopite–muscovite series minerals at increasing pressure to 9 GPa. I Atomic volumes and compressibilities
Authors: Hernández-Laguna Alfonso , Vidal-Daza Isaac , Sánchez-Navas Antonio , Sainz-Díaz Claro Ignacio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMuscovite (Ms) and phlogopite (Phl) series mineral is studied in the 2M1polytype and modeled by the substitution of three Mg2+cations in the three octahedral sites of Phl [KMg3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2] by two Al3+and one vacancy, increasing the substitution up to reach the Ms [KAl2□(Si3Al)O10(OH)2]. The series was computationally examined at DFT using Quantum ESPRESSO, as a function of pressure from − 3 to 9 GPa. Crystal structure is calculated, and cell parameters, and geometry of atomic groups agree with experimental values. OH in the Mg2+octahedrons are approximately perpendicular to the (001) plane, meanwhile when they are in Al3+, octahedral groups are approximately parallel to this plane. From Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules, the atomic basins are calculated as a function of the pressure, K+and basal O show the largest volumes. The bulk excess volume (Vxs) and the excess atomic volumes are analyzed as a function of the composition and the pressure. K+, basal and apical O Vxs show a behavior similar to the bulk Vxs as a function of the composition, keeping qualitatively this behavior as a function of pressure; substituent atoms do not show a Vxs behavior similar to the bulk and their effect consequently is mostly translated to atoms in the interlayer space. Atomic compressibilities are also calculated. Atomic compressibilities are separated in the different sheets of the crystal cell. Atomic moduli of K and basal O are the lowest and the ones behaving as the bulk modulus of the series. The atomic bulk modulus of the H’s is different depending of their position with respect to the (001) plane.
Thermodynamics of schafarzikite (FeSb2O$$_4$$) and tripuhyite (FeSbO$$_4$$)
Authors: Majzlan Juraj , Tuhý Marek , Dachs Edgar , Benisek Artur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the thermodynamic properties of synthetic schafarzikite (FeSb2O$$_4$$

4

) and tripuhyite (FeSbO$$_4$$

4

). Low-temperature heat capacity ($$C_p$$

C
p

) was determined by relaxation calorimetry. From these data, third-law entropy was calculated as $$110.7\pm 1.3$$

110.7
±
1.3

J mol$$^{-1}$$

-
1

K$$^{-1}$$

-
1

for tripuhyite and $$187.1\pm 2.2$$

187.1
±
2.2

J mol$$^{-1}$$

-
1

K$$^{-1}$$

-
1

for schafarzikite. Using previously published $$\Delta _fG^o$$

Δ
f

G
o

values for both phases, we calculated their $$\Delta _fH^o$$

Δ
f

H
o

as $$-947.8\pm 2.2$$

-
947.8
±
2.2

for tripuhyite and $$-1061.2\pm 4.4$$

-
1061.2
±
4.4

for schafarzikite. The accuracy of the data sets was tested by entropy estimates and calculation of $$\Delta _fH^o$$

Δ
f

H
o

from estimated lattice energies (via Kapustinskii equation). Measurements of $$C_p$$

C
p

above $$T = 300$$

T
=
300

K were augmented by extrapolation to $$T = 700$$

T
=
700

K with the frequencies of acoustic and optic modes, using the Kieffer $$C_p$$

C
p

model. A set of equilibrium constants ($$\log K$$

log
K

) for tripuhyite, schafarzikite, and several related phases was calculated and presented in a format that can be employed in commonly used geochemical codes. Calculations suggest that tripuhyite has a stability field that extends over a wide range of pH-p$$\epsilon$$
ϵ
conditions at $$T = 298.15$$

T
=
298.15

K. Schafarzikite and hydrothermal oxides of antimony (valentinite, kermesite, and senarmontite) can form by oxidative dissolution and remobilization of pre-existing stibnite ores.
Micronutrient intakes in the Dutch diet: foods, fortified foods and supplements in a cross sectional study
Authors: Bird Julia K. , Bruins Maaike J. , Turini Marco E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates intakes of risk micronutrients from non-fortified foods, fortified foods and food supplements in different age and gender sub-groups of the Dutch population.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS 2012–2016, N = 4313, 1–79 years). The proportion of the population with Habitual Intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and above the Upper Level (UL) for calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin D and vitamin E from non-fortified foods, fortified foods and total intake including food supplements was calculated using Statistical Program to Assess Dietary Exposure (SPADE).

Results
More than 50% of the population had an intake below the EAR for calcium, iron, vitamin D and folate. Intakes were inadequate for certain sub-groups for the other vitamins and minerals. Adolescents and women were the population sub-groups most likely to have an intake below the EAR. For zinc, vitamin A and folic acid, more than 1% of toddlers exceeded the UL from the total intake. A negligible proportion exceeded the UL for the other vitamins and minerals.

Conclusion
Inadequate intakes were found for several micronutrients in various population sub-groups despite an apparently well-nourished population. Intakes of zinc, folic acid and vitamin A from food supplements in toddlers and preschoolers should be investigated further to ensure they do not exceed recommended amounts. These results can be used to inform policy makers and to design nutritional interventions to improve micronutrient intakes in the Netherlands.
Functional and structural alterations in different durations of untreated illness in the frontal and parietal lobe in major depressive disorder
Authors: Liu Wen , Jiang Xiaowei , Deng Zijing , Xie Yu , Guo Yingrui , Wu Yifan , Sun Qikun , Kong Lingtao , Wu Feng , Tang Yanqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling illnesses that profoundly restricts psychosocial functions and impairs quality of life. However, the treatment rate of MDD is surprisingly low because the availability and acceptability of appropriate treatments are limited. Therefore, identifying whether and how treatment delay affects the brain and the initial time point of the alterations is imperative, but these changes have not been thoroughly explored. We investigated the functional and structural alterations of MDD for different durations of untreated illness (DUI) using regional homogeneity (ReHo) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) with a sample of 125 treatment-naïve MDD patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs). The MDD patients were subgrouped based on the DUI, namely, DUI ≤ 1 M, 1 < DUI ≤ 6 M, 6 < DUI ≤ 12 M, and 12 < DUI ≤ 48 M. Subgroup comparison (MDD with different DUIs) was applied to compare ReHo and grey matter volume (GMV) extracted from clusters of regions with significant differences (the pooled MDD patients relative to HCs). Correlations and mediation effects were analysed to estimate the relationships between the functional and structural neuroimaging changes and clinical characteristics. MDD patients exhibited decreased ReHo in the left postcentral gyrus and precentral gyrus and reduced GMV in the left middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus relative to HCs. The initial functional abnormalities were detected after being untreated for 1 month, whereas this duration was 3 months for GMV reduction. Nevertheless, a transient increase in ReHo was observed after being untreated for 3 months. No significant differences were discovered between HCs and MDD patients with a DUI less than 1 month or among MDD patients with different DUIs in either ReHo or GMV. Longer DUI was related to reduced ReHo with GMV as mediator in MDD patients. We identified disassociated functional and anatomical alterations in treatment-naïve MDD patients at different time points in distinct brain regions at the early stage of the disease. Additionally, we also discovered that GMV mediated the relationship between a longer DUI and diminished ReHo in MDD patients, disclosing the latent deleterious and neuro-progressive implications of DUI on both the structure and function of the brain and indicating the necessity of early treatment of MDD.
Blood transcriptomics mirror regulatory mechanisms during hibernation—a comparative analysis of the Djungarian hamster with other mammalian species
Authors: Cuyutupa Valeria Rojas , Moser Dominique , Diedrich Victoria , Cheng Yiming , Billaud Jean-Noël , Haugg Elena , Singer Dominique , Bereiter-Hahn Jürgen , Herwig Annika , Choukér Alexander 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHibernation enables many species of the mammalian kingdom to overcome periods of harsh environmental conditions. During this physically inactive state metabolic rate and body temperature are drastically downregulated, thereby reducing energy requirements (torpor) also over shorter time periods. Since blood cells reflect the organism´s current condition, it was suggested that transcriptomic alterations in blood cells mirror the torpor-associated physiological state. Transcriptomics on blood cells of torpid and non-torpid Djungarian hamsters and QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed key target molecules (TMIPA), which were subjected to a comparative literature analysis on transcriptomic alterations during torpor/hibernation in other mammals. Gene expression similarities were identified in 148 TMIPAduring torpor nadir among various organs and phylogenetically different mammalian species. Based on TMIPA, IPA network analyses corresponded with described inhibitions of basic cellular mechanisms and immune system-associated processes in torpid mammals. Moreover, protection against damage to the heart, kidney, and liver was deduced from this gene expression pattern in blood cells. This study shows that blood cell transcriptomics can reflect the general physiological state during torpor nadir. Furthermore, the understanding of molecular processes for torpor initiation and organ preservation may have beneficial implications for humans in extremely challenging environments, such as in medical intensive care units and in space.