bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DeepSWI: Using Deep Learning to Enhance Susceptibility Contrast on T2*‐Weighted MRI
Authors: Genc Ozan , Morrison Melanie A. , Villanueva‐Meyer Javier E. , Burns Brian , Hess Christopher P. , Banerjee Suchandrima , Lupo Janine M. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAlthough susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) is the gold standard for visualizing cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in the brain, the required phase data are not always available clinically. Having a postprocessing tool for generating SWI contrast from T2*‐weighted magnitude images is therefore advantageous.PurposeTo create synthetic SWI images from clinical T2*‐weighted magnitude images using deep learning and evaluate the resulting images in terms of similarity to conventional SWI images and ability to detect radiation‐associated CMBs.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 145 adults (87 males/58 females; 43.9 years old) with radiation‐associated CMBs were used to train (16,093 patches/121 patients), validate (484 patches/4 patients), and test (2420 patches/20 patients) our networks.Field Strength/Sequence3D T2*‐weighted, gradient‐echo acquired at 3 T.AssessmentStructural similarity index (SSIM), peak signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (PSNR), normalized mean‐squared‐error (nMSE), CMB counts, and line profiles were compared among magnitude, original SWI, and synthetic SWI images. Three blinded raters (J.E.V.M., M.A.M., B.B. with 8‐, 6‐, and 4‐years of experience, respectively) independently rated and classified test‐set images.Statistical TestsKruskall–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were used to compare SSIM, PSNR, nMSE, and CMB counts among magnitude, original SWI, and predicted synthetic SWI images. Intraclass correlation assessed interrater variability. P values <0.005 were considered statistically significant.ResultsSSIM values of the predicted vs. original SWI (0.972, 0.995, 0.9864) were statistically significantly higher than that of the magnitude vs. original SWI (0.970, 0.994, 0.9861) for whole brain, vascular structures, and brain tissue regions, respectively; 67% (19/28) CMBs detected on original SWI images were also detected on the predicted SWI, whereas only 10 (36%) were detected on magnitude images. Overall image quality was similar between the synthetic and original SWI images, with less artifacts on the former.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that deep learning can increase the susceptibility contrast present in neurovasculature and CMBs on T2*‐weighted magnitude images, without residual susceptibility‐induced artifacts. This may be useful for more accurately estimating CMB burden from magnitude images alone.Evidence Level3.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Supplementary effect of whey components on the monascin productivity of Monascus sp.
Authors: Huang Qingyun , Miyaki Nodoka , Li Zongfei , Takahashi Yutaroh , Ishizuka Satoshi , Hayakawa Toru , Wakamatsu Jun‐ichi , Kumura Haruto 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMonascus sp. has been used in fermented foods for centuries. It can synthesize yellow, red, and orange pigments as secondary metabolites. Here, we focused on yellow pigment monascin, responsible for anti‐inflammation and antidiabetic effects, and investigated whether whey could be a suitable substrate with or without rice powder for monascin production using M. purpureus AHU 9085, M. pilosus NBRC 4520 and M. ruber NBRC 32318.RESULTSThe growth and monascin production of the three Monascus strains were dependent on three liquid media consisting of whey and/or rice. All strains showed the best growth in a rice and whey mixed medium, in which M. ruber NBRC 32318 exhibited the highest total monascin production. Subsequent investigation of the effects of whey components indicated that a mineral cocktail in whey was particularly effective in stimulating the monascin production efficiency of M. ruber NBRC 32318. However, this recipe exhibited less stimulation, or even inhibition, for M. pilosus NBRC 4520 and M. purpureus AHU 9085, respectively. In terms of total monascin production, rice with whey provided the highest amount due to growth promotion along with relatively high production efficiency.CONCLUSIONThe effect of whey on growth and monascin production was strongly dependent on the Monascus strains. Even a mineral cocktail in whey could regulate monascin productivity in a strain‐specific manner. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism behind the diverse responses by the minerals in the production of monascin from Monascus. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Analysis of the Quality of Parotidectomy Videos on YouTube Using the IVORY‐Grading‐System
Authors: Mayer Marcel , Isik Tarik B. , Nachtsheim Lisa , Wolber Philipp , Hansen Kevin K. , Grosheva Maria , Klussmann Jens P. , Shabli Sami 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and the educational content of YouTube videos showing parotidectomy.MethodsWe searched for videos displaying parotidectomy on YouTube. To rate parotidectomy videos, we introduced the “Instructional Videos in Otorhinolaryngology by YO‐IFOS (IVORY)‐grading‐system (GS)” derived from the IVORY Guidelines, which pose established consensus recommendations for the production of educational surgical videos in otolaryngology. The videos were rated using the IVORY‐GS, and the total score was tested for statistical association with views, likes, likes/dislikes‐ratio, age, and length of the videos for validation of the IVORY‐GS.ResultsOverall, 50 parotidectomy videos were identified. Sixty‐eight (68%) of the videos showed a superficial parotidectomy. The mean IVORY‐GS total score was 24.9 (out of a maximum of 44 points). Video education quality was rated as moderate in 22% and high in 4%. There was a statistically significant correlation between the total score and the number of views (p = 0.03), the total score and the number of likes (p < 0.01), and the total score and the likes/dislikes ratio (p < 0.01). A higher total score was a significant predictor of more likes (p = 0.01) and a higher likes/dislikes ratio (p < 0.01).ConclusionOur modification of the IVORY Guidelines is otolaryngology‐specific, suitable, and recommended to evaluate parotidectomy videos. To date, most videos are of poor educational quality. Future efforts in otolaryngology surgical video education could focus on the establishment of an online video platform.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:2631–2637, 2023
Numerical simulation model of reciprocating rod seal systems with axial wear texture on rod surface
Authors: Xiang Chong , Guo Fei , Jia Xiaohong , Wang Yuming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a simulation model of reciprocating rod seal systems when there is axial texture on the rod surface due to wear is studied. The model includes macroscopic solid mechanics analysis, microscopic contact mechanics analysis and fluid mechanics analysis, and on this basis, the change of surface pressure when the sealing ring fall into a texture is calculated by the micro‐deformation mechanics analysis of the seal surface. Then, the stiffness matrix method is used to find the film thickness when the three pressures in the sealing area are in equilibrium, completing the fluid–solid coupling calculation. Combined with the above simulation process, the performance parameters of the sealing system such as leakage and friction can be obtained. Results show that axial texture will degrade sealing performance, which increases leakage and friction. The simulation results can quantitative characterise the influence of rod wear on sealing performance and provide some theoretical basis for the study of seal failure mechanism and prediction of seal life.
The impact of strategic knowledge disclosure on enterprise innovation performance
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Xu , Yang Youde 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKnowledge is the key factor to promote the development of enterprise innovation ability. Strategic knowledge disclosure is an important strategic means for enterprises to acquire external knowledge resources through active disclosure of knowledge. However, under the dual effects of external environmental factors and corporate factors, the impact of strategic knowledge disclosure on corporate innovation performance is still in a “black box” state. Therefore, based on the dual factors of industry competition intensity and enterprise absorptive capacity, this paper selects 158 listed companies in knowledge‐intensive industries as the research object, and uses the fixed effect model to empirically test the impact of strategic knowledge disclosure on enterprise innovation performance. It is found that strategic knowledge disclosure significantly promotes enterprise innovation performance, industry competition intensity negatively regulates the relationship between strategic knowledge disclosure and enterprise innovation performance, and enterprise absorptive capacity positively regulates the relationship between strategic knowledge disclosure and enterprise innovation performance. This paper is helpful to provide practical basis for the implementation of strategic knowledge disclosure and the improvement of enterprise innovation ability under the integrated perspective of external environmental factors and internal factors.
Technical note: MAMBA—Multi‐pAradigM voxel‐Based Analysis: A computational cookbot
Authors: Palma Giuseppe , Cella Laura , Monti Serena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundVoxel‐Based (VB) analysis embraces a multifaceted ensemble of sophisticated techniques, lying at the boundary between image processing and statistical modeling, that allow for a frequentist inference of pathophysiological properties anchored to an anatomical reference. VB methods has been widely adopted in neuroimaging studies and, more recently, they are gaining momentum in radiation oncology research. However, the price for the power of VB analysis is the complexity of the underlying mathematics and algorithms.PurposeIn this paper, we present the Multi‐pAradigM voxel‐Based Analysis (MAMBA) toolbox, which is intended for a flexible application of VB analysis in a wide variety of scenarios in medical imaging and radiation oncology.MethodsThe MAMBA toolbox is implemented in Matlab. It provides open‐source functions to compute VB statistical models of the input data, according to a great variety of regression schemes, and to derive VB maps of the observed significance level, performing a non‐parametric permutation inference. The toolbox allows for including VB and global outcomes, as well as an arbitrary amount of VB and global Explanatory Variables (EVs). In addition, the Matlab Parallel Computing Toolbox is exploited to take advantage of the perfect parallelizability of most workloads.ResultsThe use of MAMBA was demonstrated by means of several realistic examples on a synthetic dataset mimicking a radiation oncology scenario.ConclusionMAMBA is an open‐source toolbox, freely available for academic and non‐commercial purposes. It is designed to make state‐of‐the‐art VB analysis accessible to research scientists without the programming resources needed to build from scratch their own software solutions. At the same time, the source code is handed out for more experienced users to complement their own tools, also customizing user‐defined models. MAMBA guarantees high generality and flexibility in the design of the statistical models, significantly expanding on the features of available free tools for VB analysis. The presented toolbox aims at increasing the reach of VB studies as well as the sharing of research results.
The Duke Myasthenia Gravis Clinic Registry: II. Analysis of outcomes
Authors: Sanders Donald B. , Lutz Michael W. , Raja Shruti M. , Juel Vern C. , Guptill Jeffrey T. , Hobson‐Webb Lisa D. , Massey Janice M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsThe Duke Myasthenia Gravis (MG) Clinic Registry contains comprehensive physician‐derived data on patients with MG seen in the Duke MG Clinic since 1980. The aim of this study was to report outcomes in patients seen in the clinic and treated according to the International Consensus Guidance statements.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of patients initially seen after 2000 and followed for at least 2 years in the clinic. Treatment goal (TG) was defined as achieving MGFA post‐intervention status of “minimal manifestations” or better; PIS was determined by the treating neurologist. Time‐to‐event analysis, including Cox proportional hazards modeling, was performed to assess the effect of sex, acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR‐Ab) status, age at disease onset, distribution (ocular vs generalized), thymectomy, and thymoma on the time to achieve TG.ResultsAmong the 367 cohort patients, 72% achieved TG (median time less than 2 years). A greater proportion of patients with AChR‐Abs and thymectomy achieved TG and they did so sooner than patients without these antibodies or thymectomy. Otherwise, there were no significant differences in these findings within the tested subgroups. The disease duration at the first Duke Clinic visit was shorter in patients who achieved TG than in those who did not.DiscussionThese results demonstrate outcomes that can be achieved in patients with MG treated according to the current Consensus Guidance statements. Among other things, they can be used to determine the added value and potential role of new treatment modalities developed since 2018.
Improved instructional practices improve student success on Certified Crop Adviser exams
Authors: Lindsey Alexander J. , Barker David J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn spring 2016, a course at Ohio State University (OSU) was introduced to teach advanced agronomic concepts and included the option to prepare students for the Certified Crop Adviser (CCA) exams offered by the American Society of Agronomy. From 2019 to 2021, revisions in instructional methods were implemented that introduced the use of pretests (in addition to posttests given at the end of instructional periods) and focused problem‐solving within a teaching unit towards the end of the semester. Improvement in course exam performance for each period was measured, and student performance (SP) on the CCA exams relative to the general population was determined. Student course exam scores increased marginally (3%) from 2019–2021 compared to 2016–2018, though gains were not significant (p > 0.5). SP from 2016 to 2018 (n = 27) was 1%–5% greater than the general population for the international CCA exam (n = 3978) but was equal to or 1.5% below the general population for the local CCA exam (n = 784). SP from 2019 to 2021 (n = 21) was 7.8%–16.4% greater for all categories for both the international (n = 2330) and local (n = 419) exam general populations. Student passing rates on the international exam went from 25.3% to 52.8% greater than the general population from 2016–2018 to 2019–2021, respectively, and student passing rate for the local exam increased from 55.7% less than the general population in 2016–2018 to 26.7% greater than the general population in 2019–2021. These results suggest the modification of course instruction coincided with SP gains and may have contributed to improved performance of the student population compared to the general population.
Reconciling diverse viewpoints within systematic conservation planning
Authors: Cunningham Charles A. , Crick Humphrey Q. P. , Morecroft Mike D. , Thomas Chris D. , Beale Colin M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConservation encompasses numerous alternative viewpoints on what to value (features such as biodiversity, ecosystem services or socio‐economic benefits) and how to convert these values into conservation policies that deliver for nature and people. Reconciling these differing values and viewpoints in policy development and implementation is a perennial challenge.Balancing differing stakeholder viewpoints within a single conservation plan risks some viewpoints overshadowing others. This can occur as some dominant viewpoints may lead to more marginal views being suppressed, and also through social biases during the planning process.Here we develop four separate ‘caricature’ conservation viewpoints, and spatially quantify each of them in order to test different approaches to equitable reconciliation. Each viewpoint prioritises different locations, dependent on the extent to which they deliver a variety of different biodiversity, well‐being and economic goals.We then show how these different viewpoints can be reconciled using numeric methods. We find that a pluralist approach, which accounts for the spatial similarities and differences between viewpoints, is able to deliver equitably for multiple conservation features. This pluralist approach provides a coherent spatial conservation strategy with the capacity to satisfy advocates of quite divergent approaches to conservation.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
A high prevalence of neutrophil‐specific antibodies in ELANE‐mutated severe congenital neutropenia
Authors: Dobrewa Weronika , Madzio Joanna , Babol‐Pokora Katarzyna , Lopacz Patrycja , Gierszon Agnieszka , Guz Katarzyna , Orzinska Agnieszka , Uhrynowska Malgorzata , Jasinska Aleksandra , Zdunek Maciej , Mlynarski Wojciech , Janczar Szymon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn assay for neutrophil‐specific antibodies is frequently used in the workup of chronic severe neutropenia and is suggestive of autoimmune, or sporadically alloimmune neutropenia, rather than severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). We analyzed a neutropenia consortium database for the outcomes of antibody testing initiated before receiving genetic diagnosis in Polish SCN cohort. Test results, performed in a single reference laboratory, were available for 14 patients with ELANE‐mutated SCN or cyclic neutropenia, and were frequently positive (36%). We note that the trigger for genetic studies in severe neutropenia should not be affected by antibody‐positivity and should be clinically driven.
Response of extreme environmental aging on the novel Moringa stenopetala husk fiber/epoxy composites: Understanding the characteristics and thermokinetic behavior
Authors: Mishra Kajal , Sinha Shishir 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe increasing use of composite components in various engineering disciplines necessitates detailed comprehension of their operation. When subjected to adverse environmental circumstances, such as variable humid surroundings and UV radiations, the structural and mechanical characteristics of the composites can deteriorate. Additionally, using these composite materials for structural applications such as rooftop buildings or household properties may reduce lifespan. In this study, the static and dynamic mechanical properties and the stability of novel lignocellulosic Moringa stenopetala (MS) husk fiber‐based epoxy composites exposed to various environmental factors were assessed. These harsh conditions were picked to imitate those encountered outside and influence the longevity of these composites. The obtained fiber from the husk was examined for its physiological, structural, and thermal characteristics. Using the Broido, Kissinger, Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO), Coats‐Redfern and Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KAS) isoconventional models, the thermal degradation kinetics of the fibers were investigated. KAS method results in the best‐fitted curve and shows maximum activation energy of 175.13 KJ/mol. After husk fiber assessment, composite materials were fabricated using a Hand layup method, and their static and dynamic mechanical properties, water uptake rate, and contact angle analysis with surface energy behavior under various environmental aging circumstances were studied. In comparison to the composites “as developed,” the findings indicate that the mechanical characteristics of husk fiber‐based epoxy composites are significantly reduced by humidity and UV aging. Overall, the development of thermoset composites for structural applications can utilize husk fiber. Furthermore, after curing the water and UV‐aged composites, qualities can be recovered.
Synthesis of functionalized ZnO nanoflake loaded polyvinylidene fluoride composites with enhanced energy storage properties
Authors: Mukherjee Anindita , Dasgupta Ghosh Barnali 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolymer composite films are ideal materials for advanced energy storage capacitor in electrical systems. Therefore herein, we fabricated a novel series of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based composites embedded with well dispersed ZnO@APTES {surface modified zinc oxide with (3‐Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)} nanoflake (0, 20, 30, 40, 50) vol% through solution casting method. Hydrothermally synthesized two‐dimensional ZnO was pre‐treated with H2O2 and surface modified with APTES for perfect distribution of nanoflake into PVDF matrix. Surface modification and high aspect ratio morphology of ZnO@APTES enhanced the interfacial interaction between organic PVDF and inorganic ZnO through reduction in heterogeneity between them. Surface functionalization reduced the dielectric loss and improved the overall energy storage performance. Investigation of electrical properties proclaimed incorporating 30 Vol% ZnO@APTES in PVDF as optimized loading due to its appreciable Wrec (recoverable energy density) about 3.2 J/cm3. Relative comparison of the energy storage density (Wrec) of PVDF/ZnO@APTES (30) vol% with recent published works established its enhanced capacitive response and its future application in energy storing portable device.
Integrating ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and imaged capillary isoelectric focusing for in‐depth characterization of complex fusion proteins
Authors: Fan Wenhong , Li Xiang , Long Zhen , Pei Dening , Shi Xinchang , Wang Guangyu , Guo Ying , Bo Tao , Zhou Yong , Chen Tong 
Published: February 2023

RationaleFc‐fusion proteins represent a successful class of biopharmaceutical products, which combine the tailored pharmacological properties of biological ligands with the multiple functions of the fragment crystallizable domain of immunoglobulins. There is great diversity in terms of possible biological ligands creating highly diverse structures, therefore the analytical characterization of fusion proteins is far more complex than that of monoclonal antibodies and requires the use and development of additional product‐specific methods over conventional generic/platform methods.MethodsEmploying etanercept analogues as studied fusion proteins, the Orbitrap mass analyzer with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC–MS) and imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (icIEF) were utilized for the in‐depth fusion protein characterization.ResultsThe amino acid sequence coverage, peptide mapping, and post‐translational modifications of etanercept analogues were analyzed by UHPLC–MS. The post‐translational modification results were complemented by imaged capillary isoelectric focusing to produce quality research on etanercept analogues.ConclusionsThe developed workflow integrating UHPLC–MS and icIEF provided an innovative strategy for characterizing complex fusion proteins in the process of quality control and manufacturing.
On the clique number of noisy random geometric graphs
Authors: Kahle Matthew , Tian Minghao , Wang Yusu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet be a random geometric graph, and then for we construct a ‐perturbed noisy random geometric graph where each existing edge in is removed with probability , while and each non‐existent edge in is inserted with probability . We give asymptotically tight bounds on the clique number for several regimes of parameter.