bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting Torpor Use by Reproductive Male Common Noctule Bats in the Laboratory and in the Field
Authors: Keicher Lara , Shipley J Ryan , Schaeffer Paul J , Dechmann Dina K N 
Published: May 2023

Synopsis
Metabolic processes of animals are often studied in controlled laboratory settings. However, these laboratory settings often do not reflect the animals’ natural environment. Thus, results of metabolic measurements from laboratory studies must be cautiously applied to free-ranging animals. Recent technological advances in animal tracking allow detailed eco-physiological studies that reveal when, where, and how physiological measurements from the field differ from those from the laboratory. We investigated the torpor behavior of male common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula) across different life history stages using two approaches: in controlled laboratory experiments and in the field using calibrated heart rate telemetry. We predicted that non-reproductive males would extensively use torpor to conserve energy, whereas reproductive males would reduce torpor use to promote spermatogenesis. We did not expect differences in torpor use between captive and wild animals as we simulated natural temperature conditions in the laboratory. We found that during the non-reproductive phase, both captive and free-ranging bats used torpor extensively. During reproduction, bats in captivity unexpectedly also used torpor throughout the day, while only free-ranging bats showed the expected reduction in torpor use. Thus, depending on life history stage, torpor behavior in the laboratory was markedly different from the wild. By implementing both approaches and at different life history stages, we were able to better explore the limitations of eco-physiological laboratory studies and make recommendations for when they are an appropriate proxy for natural behavior.
Environmental and ecological changes influence lifetime trends of reproduction, stress, and stable isotopes reconstructed from female yelloweye rockfish opercula
Authors: Charapata Patrick , Trumble Stephen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Climate change threatens fisheries health through changing ecosystem dynamics; however, the impacts on the physiology and ecology of commercial fish populations are unclear. Here, annually deposited growth increments of female yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus) opercula collected in the Gulf of Alaska were used to successfully reconstruct lifetime (∼1-year resolution) steroid hormone, stable isotope, spawning, and stress data. We assessed how hormone profiles, spawning and distress frequencies related to sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll a concentrations as well as climate indices. Further, we assessed whether incorporating indicators of foraging depth and diet, stable isotope values (ẟ13C and ẟ15N), would improve model interpretations. Progesterone and estradiol concentrations decreased with increasing SST, suggesting that increasing SSTs may negatively impact juvenile and subadult females’ reproductive development. Spawning frequency was positively linked to changes in the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) index, potentially timed with favorable conditions for larval survival. This was supported by juveniles having a lower probability of a distress event during positive NPGO years compared to negative NPGO years. While relationships among environmental data and yelloweye rockfish physiology were weak, this study provides insight into the environmental impacts on the lifetime reproduction and stress of a commercially important teleost species.
Improving low-value clinical practices in Murcia: a healthcare management area in Spain
Authors: Lopez-Picazo Julio J , Moreno Ana B , Vidal-Abarca Inmaculada , López-Ibáñez Mercedes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The ‘do not do’ (DND) movement looks for improving patient safety and reducing health spending by decreasing the prevalence of unnecessary clinical practices through building and launching ‘do not do’ recommendations, although the impact is generally low. The objective of this study is to improve the quality of care and safety of patients assigned to a health management area by reducing the prevalence of DND practices. Quasi-experimental before and after study carried out in a Spanish health management area of 264 579 inhabitants, 14 primary care teams, and a 920-bed third level reference hospital. The study included the measurement of a set of 25 valid and reliable indicators on DND prevalence from different clinical areas previously designed, considering acceptable prevalence values of less than 5%. For those indicators that exceeded this value, a bunch of interventions was implemented: (i) inclusion in the annual objectives of the clinical units involved; (ii) discussion of results in a general clinical session; (iii) educational outreach visits to the clinical units involved; and (iv) detailed feedback reports. A second evaluation was subsequently carried out. In the first evaluation, 12 DNDs (48%) showed prevalence values below 5%. In the second evaluation, nine DND of the remaining 13 (75%) improved results, reaching five of them (42%) prevalence values below 5%. Thus, a total of 17 of the 25 DNDs initially evaluated (68%) achieved this goal. Reducing the prevalence of low-value clinical practices in a healthcare organization makes it necessary to turn them into easily measurable indicators and carry out multicomponent interventions. Among these, it seems essential that the professionals involved are informed and that training activities are carried out on-site. Improvement cycles are emerging as a useful tool to do this.
What do Happiness Data Mean? Theory and Survey Evidence
Authors: Benjamin Daniel J , Debnam Guzman Jakina , Fleurbaey Marc , Heffetz Ori , Kimball Miles 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
What utility notion—e.g. flow/lifetime, self/family-centered—do self-reported well-being (SWB) questions measure? Existing applications make different assumptions regarding the (i) life domains, (ii) time horizons, and (iii) other-regarding preferences captured by SWB data. To obtain relevant evidence, we ask survey respondents what they had in mind regarding (i)–(iii) when answering commonly used—life satisfaction, happiness, ladder—and new SWB questions. We find that respondents’ self-reports differ from researchers’ assumptions and differ across SWB questions and sociodemographic groups. At the same time, simple SWB-question wording tweaks are effective in moving self-reports toward desired interpretations. We outline actionable suggestions for SWB researchers. (JEL: D69, D90, I31)
Primary extrahepatic biliary neuroendocrine tumor: a case report
Authors: Taj Raeda , Perez Sean , Jih Lily J , Huynh Christina , Berumen Jennifer , Bouvet Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Extrahepatic biliary neuroendocrine tumors (EBNETs) are extremely rare and difficult to diagnose. The vast majority are diagnosed postoperatively on histological evaluation of surgical specimens. Workup and treatment principles are largely based on retrospective series and case reports. Complete surgical resection is the gold standard treatment for these lesions. Here we present a case of a 77-year-old male with a biopsy-proven EBNET incidentally discovered during evaluation for fatty liver disease. Further workup did not show any other suspicious lesions. Resection of the tumor and multiple Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was performed. Final pathology revealed grade 1, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor. This is the third case reported in the literature with a confirmed preoperative EBNET diagnosis based on endoscopic biopsy results. This case highlights the feasibility of preoperative diagnosis of EBNETs and emphasizes the importance of complete surgical resection.
Effect of sexual counseling on sexual function and sexual quality of life for women undergoing open heart surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tuncer Merve , Yeşiltepe Oskay Ümran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Sexual counseling can improve or may have benefit to patients’ sexual function after open heart surgery.

Aim
The study aims to determine the effect of sexual counseling on sexual function and quality of sexual life with the PLISSIT model (ie, permission, limited information, specific suggestions, intensive therapy) for women undergoing open heart surgery.

Methods
The study was a pilot randomized controlled trial. Seventy women who planned open heart surgery were randomly divided into the control group or the sexual counseling group between November 2020 and November 2021. In addition to routine care, sexual counseling with the PLISSIT model was given to women in the sexual counseling group for 12 weeks after the operation. During the research, 6 PLISSIT sessions were conducted. Women in the control group received routine postoperative care, which included hospital-provided postoperative home care practices (medication, nutrition, physical activity).

Outcomes
Data were obtained with an information form, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Female Sexual Function Index, and the Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire–Female.

Results
The women in the sexual counseling and control groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic, obstetric, gynecologic, general health, current heart disease, and sexual function data (P &gt; .05). After sexual counseling with the PLISSIT model, scores on the Female Sexual Function Index and Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire–Female significantly increased in the sexual counseling group while Beck Depression Inventory scores decreased (P &lt; .05). Comparisons were made within and between groups.

Clinical Implications
Sexual counseling with the PLISSIT model is a useful and effective model for health professionals to improve the sexual function and sexual quality of life of women’s who will undergo open heart surgery.

Strengths and Limitations
The limitations of the study were as follows: only 1 assessment after the intervention ended, no short- or long-term follow-up, and a small sample size. Other limitations include the absence of controls for therapeutic context or positive expectations in the experimental group.

Conclusion
Sexual counseling with the PLISSIT model after open heart surgery increased the sexual function and sexual quality of life of women while reducing the symptoms of depression.
The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: the radio view of the cosmic star formation history
Authors: Cochrane R K , Kondapally R , Best P N , Sabater J , Duncan K J , Smith D J B , Hardcastle M J , Röttgering H J A , Prandoni I , Haskell P , Gürkan G , Miley G K 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed study of the cosmic star formation history over 90 per cent of cosmic time (0 ≲ z ≲ 4), using deep, radio continuum observations that probe star formation activity independent of dust. The Low Frequency Array Two Metre Sky Survey has imaged three well-studied extragalactic fields, Elais-N1, Boötes, and the Lockman Hole, reaching $\sim 20\, \mu \rm {Jy\,beam^{-1}}$ rms sensitivity at $150\, \rm {MHz}$. The availability of high-quality ancillary data from ultraviolet to far-infrared wavelengths has enabled accurate photometric redshifts and the robust separation of radio-bright AGN from their star-forming counterparts. We capitalize on this unique combination of deep, wide fields and robustly selected star-forming galaxies to construct radio luminosity functions and derive the cosmic star formation rate density. We carefully constrain and correct for scatter in the $L_{150\, \rm {MHz}}-\rm {SFR}$ relation, which we find to be $\sim 0.3\, \rm {dex}$. Our derived star formation rate density lies between previous measurements at all redshifts studied. We derive higher star formation rate densities between z ∼ 0 and z ∼ 3 than are typically inferred from short wavelength emission; at earlier times, this discrepancy is reduced. Our measurements are generally in good agreement with far-infrared and radio-based studies, with small offsets resulting from differing star formation rate calibrations.
A clinical overview of paediatric sarcoidosis: Multicentre experience from Turkey
Authors: Guliyeva Vafa , Demirkan Fatma Gul , Yiğit Ramazan Emre , Esen Esra , Bayındır Yagmur , Torun Ruya , Kılbas Gulsah , Gezgin Yıldırım Deniz , Otar Yener Gulcin , Cakan Mustafa , Demir Ferhat , Özturk Kübra , Baglan Esra , Yuksel Selcuk , Bakkaloglu Sevcan A , Bora Makay Balahan , Paç Kısaarslan Ayşenur , Oray Merih , Bilginer Yelda , Eker Ömeroğlu Rukiye , Ozen Seza , Sozeri Betul , Aktay Ayaz Nuray 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
We aimed to outline the demographic data, clinical spectrum, and treatment approach of sarcoidosis in a large group of patients and sought to figure out the variations of early-onset (EOS) and late-onset paediatric sarcoidosis (LOS).

Methods
The study followed a retrospective-descriptive design, with the analysis of medical records of cases diagnosed as paediatric sarcoidosis.

Results
Fifty-two patients were included in the study. The median age at disease onset and follow-up duration were 83 (28.2–119) and 24 (6–48) months, respectively. Ten (19.2%) cases had EOS (before 5th birthday) and 42 (80.7%) cases had LOS. The most common clinical findings at the time of the disease onset were ocular symptoms (40.4%) followed by joint manifestation (25%), dermatological symptoms (13.5%), and features related to multi-organ involvement (11.5%). Anterior uveitis was the most common (55%) one among ocular manifestations. Patients with EOS displayed joint, eye, and dermatological findings more commonly than patients with LOS. The recurrence rate of disease in patients with EOS (5.7%) and LOS (21.1%) were not statistically different (P = .7).

Conclusions
Patients with EOS and LOS may present with variable clinical features and studies addressing paediatric sarcoidosis cases in collaboration between disciplines will enhance the awareness of this rare disease among physicians and assist early diagnosis with lesser complications.
CAID prediction portal: a comprehensive service for predicting intrinsic disorder and binding regions in proteins
Authors: Del Conte Alessio , Bouhraoua Adel , Mehdiabadi Mahta , Clementel Damiano , Monzon Alexander Miguel ,   CAID predictors, Holehouse Alex S , Griffith Daniel , Emenecker Ryan J , Patil Ashwini , Sharma Ronesh , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko , Sharma Alok , Tang Yi Jun , Liu Bin , Mirabello Claudio , Wallner Björn , Rost Burkhard , Ilzhöfer Dagmar , Littmann Maria , Heinzinger Michael , Krautheimer Lea I M , Bernhofer Michael , McGuffin Liam J , Callebaut Isabelle , Feildel Tristan Bitard , Liu Jian , Cheng Jianlin , Guo Zhiye , Xu Jinbo , Wang Sheng , Malhis Nawar , Gsponer Jörg , Kim Chol-Song , Han Kun-Sop , Ma Myong-Chol , Kurgan Lukasz , Ghadermarzi Sina , Katuwawala Akila , Zhao Bi , Peng Zhenling , Wu Zhonghua , Hu Gang , Wang Kui , Hoque Md Tamjidul , Kabir Md Wasi Ul , Vendruscolo Michele , Sormanni Pietro , Li Min , Zhang Fuhao , Jia Pengzhen , Wang Yida , Lobanov Michail Yu , Galzitskaya Oxana V , Vranken Wim , Díaz Adrián , Litfin Thomas , Zhou Yaoqi , Hanson Jack , Paliwal Kuldip , Dosztányi Zsuzsanna , Erdős Gábor , Tosatto Silvio C E , Piovesan Damiano 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Intrinsic disorder (ID) in proteins is well-established in structural biology, with increasing evidence for its involvement in essential biological processes. As measuring dynamic ID behavior experimentally on a large scale remains difficult, scores of published ID predictors have tried to fill this gap. Unfortunately, their heterogeneity makes it difficult to compare performance, confounding biologists wanting to make an informed choice. To address this issue, the Critical Assessment of protein Intrinsic Disorder (CAID) benchmarks predictors for ID and binding regions as a community blind-test in a standardized computing environment. Here we present the CAID Prediction Portal, a web server executing all CAID methods on user-defined sequences. The server generates standardized output and facilitates comparison between methods, producing a consensus prediction highlighting high-confidence ID regions. The website contains extensive documentation explaining the meaning of different CAID statistics and providing a brief description of all methods. Predictor output is visualized in an interactive feature viewer and made available for download in a single table, with the option to recover previous sessions via a private dashboard. The CAID Prediction Portal is a valuable resource for researchers interested in studying ID in proteins. The server is available at the URL: https://caid.idpcentral.org.
Stochastic scanning events on the GCN4 mRNA 5’ untranslated region generate cell-to-cell heterogeneity in the yeast nutritional stress response
Authors: Meng Xiang , Reed Alan , Lai Sandie , Szavits-Nossan Juraj , McCarthy John E G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gene expression stochasticity is inherent in the functional properties and evolution of biological systems, creating non-genetic cellular individuality and influencing multiple processes, including differentiation and stress responses. In a distinct form of non-transcriptional noise, we find that interactions of the yeast translation machinery with the GCN4 mRNA 5’UTR, which underpins starvation-induced regulation of this transcriptional activator gene, manifest stochastic variation across cellular populations. We use flow cytometry, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and microfluidics coupled to fluorescence microscopy to characterize the cell-to-cell heterogeneity of GCN4-5’UTR-mediated translation initiation. GCN4-5’UTR-mediated translation is generally not de-repressed under non-starvation conditions; however, a sub-population of cells consistently manifests a stochastically enhanced GCN4 translation (SETGCN4) state that depends on the integrity of the GCN4 uORFs. This sub-population is eliminated upon deletion of the Gcn2 kinase that phosphorylates eIF2α under nutrient-limitation conditions, or upon mutation to Ala of the Gcn2 kinase target site, eIF2α-Ser51. SETGCN4 cells isolated using cell sorting spontaneously regenerate the full bimodal population distribution upon further growth. Analysis of ADE8::ymRuby3/ GCN4::yEGFP cells reveals enhanced Gcn4-activated biosynthetic pathway activity in SETGCN4 cells under non-starvation conditions. Computational modeling interprets our experimental observations in terms of a novel translational noise mechanism underpinned by natural variations in Gcn2 kinase activity.
Trypanosome RNA helicase KREH2 differentially controls non-canonical editing and putative repressive structure via a novel proposed ‘bifunctional’ gRNA in mRNA A6
Authors: Meehan Joshua , McDermott Suzanne M , Ivens Alasdair , Goodall Zachary , Chen Zihao , Yu Zihao , Woo Jia , Rodshagen Tyler , McCleskey Laura , Sechrist Rebecca , Stuart Kenneth , Zeng Lanying , Rouskin Silvi , Savill Nicholas J , Schnaufer Achim , Zhang Xiuren , Cruz-Reyes Jorge 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
U-insertion/deletion (U-indel) RNA editing in trypanosome mitochondria is directed by guide RNAs (gRNAs). This editing may developmentally control respiration in bloodstream forms (BSF) and insect procyclic forms (PCF). Holo-editosomes include the accessory RNA Editing Substrate Binding Complex (RESC) and RNA Editing Helicase 2 Complex (REH2C), but the specific proteins controlling differential editing remain unknown. Also, RNA editing appears highly error prone because most U-indels do not match the canonical pattern. However, despite extensive non-canonical editing of unknown functions, accurate canonical editing is required for normal cell growth. In PCF, REH2C controls editing fidelity in RESC-bound mRNAs. Here, we report that KREH2, a REH2C-associated helicase, developmentally controls programmed non-canonical editing, including an abundant 3′ element in ATPase subunit 6 (A6) mRNA. The 3′ element sequence is directed by a proposed novel regulatory gRNA. In PCF, KREH2 RNAi-knockdown up-regulates the 3′ element, which establishes a stable structure hindering element removal by canonical initiator-gRNA-directed editing. In BSF, KREH2-knockdown does not up-regulate the 3′ element but reduces its high abundance. Thus, KREH2 differentially controls extensive non-canonical editing and associated RNA structure via a novel regulatory gRNA, potentially hijacking factors as a ‘molecular sponge’. Furthermore, this gRNA is bifunctional, serving in canonical CR4 mRNA editing whilst installing a structural element in A6 mRNA.
“Let the Cat Out of the Heart”: Clinical Characteristics of Patients Presenting With Blood Culture-Negative Endocarditis Due to Bartonella Species
Authors: Ordaya Eloy E , Abu Saleh Omar M , Mahmood Maryam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Patients with blood culture-negative endocarditis due to Bartonella infection frequently presented with fever, cytopenias, kidney failure, and positive PR3-ANCA. Bartonella IgG titers were variable. Patients commonly underwent surgery with overall low mortality.
More than mortality: Consequences of human activity on migrating birds extend beyond direct mortality
Authors: Nemes Claire E , Cabrera-Cruz Sergio A , Anderson Meredith J , DeGroote Lucas W , DeSimone Joely G , Massa Megan L , Cohen Emily B 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBirds must contend with an array of anthropogenic threats during their migratory journeys. Many migrants are killed due to encounters with artificial light, introduced species, pollutants, and other anthropogenic hazards, while survivors of these encounters can suffer longer-lasting negative effects. The nonlethal effects of anthropogenic threats on migrating birds are less well understood than direct mortality, yet both potentially contribute to population declines. For example, building collisions frequently kill migrating birds, but the numbers of migrants that survive with an impaired ability to fly, refuel, or navigate to their destination on time is not well understood. Though not immediately fatal, such injuries can lead to delayed mortality and, ultimately, reduced lifetime reproductive success. Furthermore, migrants are likely to encounter multiple threats on their journeys, which can interact synergistically to further reduce fitness. For instance, light pollution attracts and disorients migrants, increasing the likelihood of window strikes, and surviving birds may be more vulnerable to predation from introduced predators. While considerable attention has focused on the lethal effects of anthropogenic threats, here, we review nonlethal effects of eight types of threats during migration, their interactions, and the pathways through which they can exert fitness costs. In doing so, we identify knowledge gaps and suggest areas for future research. In the absence of more information, we propose that the greatest reduction in the cumulative lethal and nonlethal impacts of anthropogenic hazards will be achieved by addressing threat types, like artificial light at night, that interact with and compound the impact of additional threats. Direct mortality from anthropogenic sources is recognized as a key driver of population declines, but a full understanding of the impacts of human activity on migrating birds must include the cumulative and interacting effects that extend beyond immediate mortality en route to influence overall migration success and lifetime fitness.