bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Simulate the Demultiplexer using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator for DWDM System
Authors: Vijayaraj Nivethitha , Arunagiri Sivasubramanian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In this study, a new four channel de-multiplexer with a ring resonator design is proposed. The bus waveguide and drop waveguide that make up the Ring Resonator are ring-shaped. One bus waveguide and four drop waveguides in the proposed four channel demultiplexer architecture were created utilizing a photonic crystal ring resonator construction. With the resonance wavelengths for each channel in the range of 1552.4nm, 1553.2nm, 1554.1nm, and 1555.4nm, the suggested demultiplexer average quality factor was 7870.90, and its average transmission efficiency was 98.67%. The demultiplexer was created with a 0.8nm narrow channel spacing and a -15dB to -25dB crosstalk range. The proposed ring resonator structure is made of silicon, which has a refractive index of 3.47, a center wavelength ranges of 1550 nm, and a lattice constant that varies with the radius range of 540 nm. To examine the performance, one can simulate the suggested demultiplexer structure using the FDTD approach. The proposed project's 198.7 µm2 footprint is appropriate for DWDM applications.
Distinctive representations of icosagonal fuzzy numbers along with novel defuzzification techniques for solving fuzzy assignment problems
Authors: Bhadauria Jaya , Kumar Suneel , Kumar Deepak , Kumari Anita 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we represent icosagonal fuzzy numbers in a variety ofways, both symmetrically and asymmetrically, linearly and non-linearly as well as single valued and interval -valued. Along with this, we have alsodeveloped some defuzzification procedures with different approaches based on centroidmethod, the mean of alpha-cut method and bounded area method. In order todemonstrate the significance of these strategies, defuzzification approaches can be applied to many optimization problems in operational research. We have applied these strategies to solve the numerical example based on fuzzy assignment problem in the interview board panel with twenty parameters. This study deals with the situation where icosagonal fuzzynumbers are used to represent ambiguous information in the form of linguistic terms. The ranking function for icosagonal number is also proposed in this paper for the better comparison of two icosagonal fuzzy numbers and its primary goal is used in this research for the appropriate allocation to resolve the fuzzy assignment problem.
Intratumoral delivery of a Tim-3 antibody-encoding oncolytic adenovirus engages an effective antitumor immune response in liver cancer
Authors: li qiang , Zhang huii , Zhang leilei , Wang Xiaoyan , wang hui , Huang Biao , Wang Yigang , Huang Fang , Wang Yiqiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The use of oncolytic viruses as a gene therapy vector is an area of active biomedical research, particularly in the context of cancer treatment. However, the actual therapeutic success of this approach to tumor elimination remains limited. As such, the present study was developed with the goal of simultaneously enhancing the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic viruses and the local immune response by combining the Ad-GD55 oncolytic adenovirus and an antibody specific for the TIM-3 immune checkpoint molecule (α-TIM-3). The resultant Ad-GD55-α-Tim-3 oncolytic adenovirus is capable of inducing α-TIM-3 expression within hepatoma cells upon infection, and Ad-GD55-α-Tim-3 exhibited inhibitory efficacy superior to that of Ad-GD55 when used to treat these tumor cells together with the induction of enhanced intracellular immunity. In vivo experiments revealed that Ad-GD55-α-TIM-3 administration was sufficient to inhibit tumor growth and to engage a more robust local immune response within the simulated tumor immune microenvironment. As such, this Ad-GD55-α-TIM-3 oncolytic adenovirus may represent a viable approach to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Research on Data Annotation Based on Multi-Resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Aerial Imagery
Authors: XU TAO , ZHANG BIQING , ZHANG XIAOLU 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The current methods used to annotate aerial imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) often have limitations when it comes to scenarios with multiple resolutions. These scenarios can include different scales, challenging weather conditions, or low light situations, where traditional annotation techniques may not be effective. To overcome this challenge, this research paper proposes an innovative approach to data annotation specifically designed for multi-resolution UAV aerial imagery. Instead of using standard image enhancement methods, this approach incorporates multiple resolutions to ensure consistent and high-quality annotation across various UAV image conditions. By utilizing enhancement, generation, and discrimination networks, a new method based on StyleGAN is introduced. This method focuses on controlling image enhancement and incorporates a regularization term error to guide the generative network towards convergence. The experimental results demonstrate a significant enhancement in annotation accuracy and robustness compared to existing models, particularly in complex multi-resolution environments.
The Effect of Body Mass Index on Short-term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: A Retrospective Study from a Single Cardiovascular Center
Authors: Ding Chen ying , Qi Wen hui , An Yujie , Yao Yun-tai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study is designed to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery.
Methods
Data was obtained from 1006 Chinese patients who underwent isolated, primary OPCAB at a high-traffic cardiovascular center during 2020. Subjects were categorized, by BMI, into a low-normal weight (LN) group (BMI < 24 kg/m2), an overweight (OVW) group (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2), and an obese (OBS) group (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2). Information pertaining to patients’ short-term outcomes (including incidence of mortality and morbidities; duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation; length of stay in the ICU and hospital; postoperative bleeding; etc.) were extracted, and the data from each group were compared.
Results
The incidences of in-hospital mortality and morbidities were similar for all three groups. The volume of fluid infusion, postoperative bleeding within 24 h and total bleeding in LN group were higher than those in the OBS group (P < 0.001). The hemoglobin level was lower in the LN group than that in the OBS group (P < 0.001). Duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay in the ICU in the LN group were longer than those in the OBS group (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that BMI is not significantly related with short-term outcomes in OPCAB patients. However, they suggest that OPCAB patients with low-normal BMI are more susceptible to post-operative blood loss.
Well-posedness of nonlocal Ginzburg-Landau type equations
Authors: Shakhmurov Veli , Shahmurov Rishad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Here, the Cauchy problem for linear and nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau type equations are studied. The equation include variable coefficients with convolution terms. Here, assuming enough smoothness on the initial data and the growth conditions on coefficients, the existence, uniqueness of local and global solution, Lp-regularity, and blow up properties to solutions are established.
MSC: 35B40, 35B41, 35Q35, 37Lxx, 82C26
Low Malaria Parasite Density is Associated with Severe Malaria in Children in Eastern Uganda: a cross sectional study
Authors: Egiru Emma Isaiah Eregu , NAMAYANJA CATE , Tegu Crispus , Chebet Martin , Okiror William , Ongodia Paul , Okalebo Charles Bernard , Muhindo Rita , Abongo Grace , Paasi George , Francis Okello , Okibure Ambrose , Mukunya David , Olupot-Olupot Peter 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: In high malaria transmission settings, there is paucity of data on the relationship between parasite density and severe malaria forms. In patients with severe malaria, we characterised parasite density for the different clinical spectra and assessed its association with mortality.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted as part of the Malaria Epidemiological, Pathophysiological and Intervention studies in Highly Endemic Eastern Uganda code named TMA 2016SF-1514-MEPIE Study, at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in Eastern Uganda. Children aged 2 months to 12 years with positive P. falciparum malaria on microscopy and who fulfilled the WHO 2014 clinical surveillance criteria for severe malaria were enrolled into the study. Parasite density was determined by multiplying the parasite count acquired from microscopy by the patients WBC count (parasite count*WBC count/200) and classified as hyperparasitaemia when parasite density was 10% or > 250,000 parasites/μl. Data were analysed using Stata 15 and P-value of 0.05 at 95% confidence intervals were used to show significant associations.
Results: We screened 897 children, of which 377 were eligible for recruitment with severe malaria forms according to the WHO definition. Of these, 76.9 % (290/377) presented with prostration, 55.4% (209/377) with jaundice, 48.5% (183/377) with severe anaemia, and 46.7% (176/377) with haemoglobinuria (dark or black urine). Cerebral malaria constituted 7.4% (28/377) with 64.3% of the cases among under 5 year olds, 23.1% (87/377) had impaired consciousness, 8.2% (31/377) had respiratory distress, 15.4% (58/377) had acidosis, and 13.8 % (52/377) had renal impairment. Mean parasite density was 136,000 parasites/µl (range 36- 2,791,400 parasites/ µl). The Highest parasite density was 386,000 parasites/ µl in hypovolemic shock and the lowest parasite density was 54,917 parasites/ µl in spontaneous bleeding. Over-all mortality was 3.4 % CI (1.3-5.5).
Conclusions:
There were low parasite densities in the patients with severe malaria in this area. The meanparasite density was 136,000 parasites/ µl. Highest parasite density was 386,000 parasites/µl in hypovolemic shock and the lowest was 54,917 parasites/µl in spontaneous bleeding. No association with mortality was found.
Argumentation Effect of a Chatbot for Ethical Discussions about Autonomous AI Scenarios
Authors: Hauptmann Christian , Krenzer Adrian , Völkel Justin , Puppe Frank 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study presents a German-language AI chatbot adept at fostering argumentative dialogues across various topics. A core component is the Argumentative Knowledge Graph that powers argument understanding and generation.
We showcase the Argumentation Effect of our chatbot in a comprehensive user study. This effect is characterized by the chatbot's successful ability to reshape users' attitudes towards ethically challenging topics, such as autonomous AI systems acting as medicine doctors, by imparting novel perspectives and insights. This led to a substantial gain in user knowledge and acceptance, underscoring the transformative role dialogue systems can play in promoting more informed discussions on complex ethical matters.
In tandem with this, we introduced a preliminary methodology for advancing the chatbot's Argument Recognition Unit (ARU). By harnessing real-world user arguments and generated samples from an advanced language model, we achieved significant improvements in the confidence and accuracy of argument prediction.
In summary, our research demonstrates how an AI chatbot can instigate a powerful Argumentation Effect, reshaping attitudes, widening knowledge, and facilitating informed discourse on ethically charged topics. This is further amplified by improved argument recognition capabilities, opening promising avenues for more effective, and thus more engaging, user-chatbot dialogues.
Molecular detection and characterization of emerging pathogens of Rickettsia- felis and felis-like organisms from peri-domestic fleas in Uganda
Authors: Eneku Wilfred , Erima Bernard , Byaruhanga Anatoli Maranda , Cleary Nora G. , Atim Gladys , Tugume Titus , Ukuli Qouilazoni A. , Kibuuka Hannah , Mworozi Edison , Douglas Christina , Koehler Jeffrey W. , Fricken Michael E. , Biryomumaisho Savino , Matovu Enock , Tweyongyere Robert , Wabwire-Mangen Fred , Byarugaba Denis K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Flea-borne spotted fever is an emerging zoonosis caused by Rikecttsia felis, a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium. The agent is believed to be cosmopolitan, following the distribution pattern of its host and reservoir, Ctenocephalides felis. However, the epidemiology and public health risk it poses remains poorly understood in sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. Yersinia pestis, is primarily transmitted by rodent fleas, Xenopsylla cheopis, but other fleas, particularly C. felis, have vectoral capacity. They are neglected in Ugandan entomological surveillance and public health practices, particularly outside endemic foci of bubonic plague.
Methods: We collected 14,641 fleas from domestic animals, rodents and homestead environment; compared their diversity and abundance. Pooled into 714 flea pools by species, collection time, host, and host species, 172 pools were selected based on seasons and analyzed for Yersinia pestis Pla genes, while 62 pools were tested for Rickettsia species gltA, ompA, and 17kDA genes by qPCR and Sanger sequencing.
Results: Five flea species were identified from the collections: Ctenocephalides canis, C. felis, Echidnophaga gallinacea, Pulex irritans, and Xenopsylla cheopis. Ctenocephalides was the predominant genus, accounting for 84.8% of fleas collected, mostly found on dogs and goats. Except for P. irritans (which was found in Gulu district) the other four flea species were found across all districts, year-round, with higher numbers collected in dry seasons compared to rainy seasons (c2=47.64, df=20, p<0.001). Rattus rattus constituted 74% of rodents captured from human dwellings and was the only rodent species with fleas, where X. cheopis was the predominant species and E. gallinacea found on only three rodents. All 172 pools of fleas tested negative for Yersinia pestis. Of the 62 pools tested for Rickettsia spp., 29 (46.8%) were positive. Twenty-five PCR amplicons were successfully sequenced for 17kDa and two for ompA genes. Based on 17kDa, two were identified as R. felis from C. canis and 23 were R. asembonensis from multiple flea species, including C. canis collected goats and C. felis from cats.
Conclusion: Our survey identified a high pooled detection rate (~50%) of Rickettsia spp. in fleas tested, suggesting a potential risk of human exposure and infection. Rickettsia felis and R. asembonensis were the predominant flea-borne Rickettsia spp. identified, with this study also representing the first report of Rickettsia spp. in E. gallinacea in Uganda.
Ultra-low volume intradermal administration of radiation-attenuated sporozoites with the glycolipid adjuvant 7DW8-5 completely protects mice against malaria
Authors: Watson Felicia N , Shears Melanie J , Kalata Anya C , Duncombe Caroline J , Seilie A Mariko , Chavtur Chris , Conrad Ethan , Talavera Irene Cruz , Raappana Andrew , Sather D Noah , Chakravarty Sumana , Sim B Kim Lee , Hoffman Stephen L , Tsuji Moriya , Murphy Sean C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites and was responsible for over 247 million infections and 619,000 deaths in 2021. Radiation-attenuated sporozoite (RAS) vaccines can completely prevent blood stage infection by inducing protective liver-resident memory CD8+ T cells. Such T cells can be induced by ‘prime-and-trap’ vaccination, which here combines DNA priming against the P. yoelii circumsporozoite protein (CSP) with a subsequent intravenous (IV) dose of liver-homing RAS to “trap” the activated and expanding T cells in the liver. Prime-and-trap confers durable protection in mice, and efforts are underway to translate this vaccine strategy to the clinic. However, it is unclear whether the RAS trapping dose must be strictly administered by the IV route. Here we show that intradermal (ID) RAS administration can be as effective as IV administration if RAS are co-administrated with the glycolipid adjuvant 7DW8-5 in an ultra-low inoculation volume. In mice, the co-administration of RAS and 7DW8-5 in ultra-low ID volumes (2.5 µL) was completely protective and dose sparing compared to standard volumes (10–50 µL) and induced protective levels of CSP-specific CD8+ T cells in the liver. Our finding that adjuvants and ultra-low volumes are required for ID RAS efficacy may explain why prior reports about higher volumes of unadjuvanted ID RAS proved less effective. The ID route may offer significant translational advantages over the IV route and could improve sporozoite vaccine development.
Identification of a robust T cell marker-based gene pair signature for predicting immunotherapy response and prognosis risk in renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Chen Bohong , Zhou Mingguo , Huang Haoxiang , Sun Xinyue , Wu Dapeng , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective approach for improving clinical outcomes in patients with advanced or conventionally drug-resistant cancers. T cells have been recognized as pivotal components in anti-tumor immune activity and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. However, the precise contributions of T cells in the context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain inadequately understood.
Methods
Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk tissue transcriptome profiling was performed to systematically investigate the association between T cells and prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. By combining the RCC-Braun_2020, TCGA-KIRC and EMATB-1980 cohorts, a novel gene pair index(GPI) for T-cell marker genes was constructed and validated. Moreover, the immune-infiltrating cells of RCC was analyzed using ssGSEA, and the association between GPI and two important immunological factors: cytolytic activity(CYT) and immune checkpoint(ICB) expression levels was investigated. Finally, the function of PRSS23 in RCC was verified.
Results
The RCC-Braun_2020 cohort suggested that high relative infiltration abundance of T cells was associated with poor clinical outcome and immunotherapy efficacy. GPI possessed a solid ability to predict the prognosis of RCC and T cells with low GPI were significantly associated with immune-related signaling pathways. The immune infiltration results showed that the low-GPI group had significantly higher immune cell infiltration, whereas high-GPI group had higher CYT and ICB. Further, PRSS23 was identified to be involved in metastasis and immunity of RCC, and its significance has been experimentally validated in vitro.
Conclusion
Overall, a gene pair signature applicable to predict prognosis hopefully provides a reference to guide clinical practice.
Hiatal repair using non-absorbable mesh: Prosthesis-specific complications from a consecutive case series examining short-term outcomes
Authors: Drane Andrew , Bhimani Nazim , Sarich Peter , Chan Priscilla , Leibman Steven , Smith Garett 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
The use of prosthetic mesh to augment suture repair of large paraoesophageal hernias is widespread but controversial. Our aim was to identify the risk of mesh-specific complications from a large series of consecutive patients undergoing hiatal hernia repair augmented with a lightweight polypropylene mesh (TiMesh) over a 12-year period.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data for patients undergoing prosthesis reinforced hiatal repair with TiMesh between February 2005, and October 2017 were identified. Pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative data were collected for all patients undergoing hiatal repair.
Results:
In total, 393 patients underwent TiMesh augmented hiatal repair between February 2005 and October 2017. There were no intraoperative mesh-specific complications. Mesh was explanted in one patient (1/393, 0.25%) who underwent emergency paraoesophageal hernia repair complicated by sepsis. Asymptomatic mesh erosion was found in two patients (2/393, 0.51%) at endoscopy three and nine years following surgery, respectively. No cases of oesophageal or hiatal strictures were identified.
Conclusion:
From our large series, albeit without routine endoscopic and radiological follow-up, we demonstrate acceptably low rates of mesh related complications. We identified two cases of asymptomatic erosion during 393 TiMesh repairs, and the rate of mesh-specific complications in this patient series is low. This unit will continue to perform selective TiMesh hiatal repair in cases where a suture repair only is felt to be inadequate at the time of surgery. For the purposes of patient consent and ongoing discussion, we report the risk of mesh erosion and mesh explantation to be 0.51% and 0.25%, respectively.
In Vivo and In Vitro Chromosome Doubling of ‘I3’ Hemp
Authors: McLeod Adigun , Contreras Ryan , Halstead Margaret , Vining Kelly 
Published: August 2023

Cannabis sativa L. is a diploid (2x) herbaceous plant that provides a wide variety of products such as essential oils, fiber, and medicine. Hemp was defined in the 2018 Farm Bill as a Cannabis plant with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more than 0.3% on a dry-weight basis. Polyploidy is frequently used in plant breeding to manipulate vigor, reproductive fertility, and biochemistry. By inducing polyploidy/chromosome doubling, we may increase the compounds of interest, principally CBD (cannabidiol), produced by hemp. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments of colchicine and oryzalin applied in vivo and in vitro to induce polyploidy in ‘I3’ hemp. After treating vegetative cuttings with colchicine or oryzalin, we had a 31% survival rate. Of the 85 survivors, we recovered two tetraploids: one from the 12-h 0.05% colchicine treatment group and the other from the 12-h 0.2% colchicine treatment group. For the in vitro portion of the experiment, the 12-h 50-µM oryzalin treatment yielded one tetraploid and the 36 h 50 µM oryzalin treatment yielded one cytochimera (mixoploid). The relative efficiency of some treatments showed potential for a simple method to induce tetraploids in clonal hemp for breeding.
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Auxin Response Factor Genes in Arabian Jasmine
Authors: Huang Xin , Guo Haigang , Yin Lili , Wu Ruigang , Zhou Xingwen 
Published: August 2023

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are an important family of auxin-mediated proteins that have key roles in various physiological and biochemical processes. To the best of our knowledge, no genome-wide identification of the ARF gene family in Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac) has been conducted to date. During this study, 24 ARF genes were identified in the Arabian jasmine genome. A phylogenetic analysis suggested that the 24 Arabian jasmine ARFs (JsARFs) were clustered into seven groups and distributed on 11 of the 13 Arabian jasmine chromosomes. The promoter regions of these ARFs were rich in cis-responsive elements related to hormone responses, light responses, and biotic and abiotic stresses. A collinearity analysis showed that certain genes arose by duplication, such as JsARF6 and JsARF19 and JsARF7 and JsARF24. A subsequent analysis of expression profiles based on RNA sequencing data showed that most genes had differential expression patterns among different tissues. The expression levels of 11 genes under indole-3-acetic acid hormone treatment were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that the expression levels of nine JsARF genes were downregulated. Our findings provide valuable information to create the foundation for further functional investigations of the roles of ARF genes in Arabian jasmine growth and development.