bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second-scale rotational coherence and dipolar interactions in a gas of ultracold polar molecules
Authors: Gregory Philip , Fernley Luke , Tao Albert , Bromley Sarah , Stepp Jonathan , Zhang Zewen , Kotochigova Svetlana , Hazzard Kaden , Cornish Simon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ultracold polar molecules uniquely combine a rich structure of long-lived internal states with access to controllable long-range, anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions. In particular, the rotational states of polar molecules confined in optical tweezers or optical lattices may be used to encode interacting qubits for quantum computation or pseudo-spins for simulating quantum magnetism. As with all quantum platforms, the engineering of robust coherent superpositions of states is vital. However, for optically trapped molecules, the coherence time between rotational states is typically limited by inhomogeneous differential light shifts. Here we demonstrate a rotationally-magic optical trap for RbCs molecules that supports a Ramsey coherence time of 0.78(4) seconds in the absence of dipole-dipole interactions. This extends to > 1.4 seconds at the 95% confidence level using a single spin-echo pulse. In our magic trap, dipolar interactions become the dominant mechanism by which Ramsey contrast is lost for superpositions that generate oscillating dipoles. By changing the states forming the superposition, we tune the effective dipole moment and show that the coherence time is inversely proportional to the strength of the dipolar interaction. Our work unlocks the full potential of the rotational degree of freedom in molecules for quantum computation and quantum simulation.
Hypofractionated preoperative radiotherapy in patients with primary or recurrent osteosarcoma: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yücel Serap , Güral Zeynep , Sungur Mustafa , Özer Leyla , Özger Harzem , Ağaoğlu Fulya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Preoperative radiotherapy has been used with high-grade bulky tumors or tumors close to neurovascular structures in patients with osteosarcoma. Hypofractionated radiotherapy protocols have been recently preferred upon understanding its similar efficacy and non-increased adverse effects. We aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with primary or recurrent osteogenic osteosarcoma.
Methods
A single-center, retrospective study was performed on patients with primary or recurrent osteogenic osteosarcoma who underwent preoperative hypofractionated radiotherapy between 2014 and 2020. The patients preoperatively received a total dose of 30 to 35 Gy with ten fractions. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. The patients were grouped as good (necrosis rate of ≥ 90%) and poor responders (necrosis rate of < 90%). Survival rates, including recurrence-free, metastasis-free, and overall, were calculated.
Results
There were 20 patients with a median age of 17 years. Negative surgical borders were obtained in 88.9% of 18 patients amenable to limb-sparing surgery after preoperative radiotherapy. The median percentage of necrosis was 88.5%, ranging from 30–100%. Half of the patients (50.0%) were good responders. There were two local recurrences (10.0%) and nine metastasis (45.0%). The lungs were the most common for metastasis (40%). The overall mortality and five-year survival rates were 40.0% and 45.0%. The median recurrence-free, metastasis-free, and overall survival were 49.4, 34.4, and 56.1, respectively.
Conclusion
Preoperative hypofractionated radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy might be a treatment modality in osteosarcoma patients for limb-conserving or that are resectable but hard to achieve clean margins due to local involvement.
Effect of individualized PEEP on lung ultrasound score and optic nerve sheath diameter in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer A Randomized,Single blind, Prospective Study
Authors: Bai Furong , Yin Hong , Wang Jiansheng , Zhang Shuang , Yi Mingliang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been promoted for many surgical procedures. However, whether PEEP has a dual protective effect on lung and brain is controversial,and the optimal PEEP associated with dual protection is unclear. The objective was to investigate the effects of individualized PEEP on lung ultrasound score (LUS) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
Methods:
In total, 46 patients, aged 60～79 years, who underwent laparoscopic resection of rectal tumors from June 2022 to December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups:Groups E ( experimental group ,individualized PEEP guided by driving pressure) and Group C (control group ,PEEP = 5 cm H2O) . LUS was performed 30 min after operation. ONSD was measured at 5 min before anesthesia induction and various times post-surgery. The arterial oxygen index (OI) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were recorded after tracheal tube insertion and before extubation at the end of the operation. Peak airway pressure (Ppeak), PETCO2, heart rate (HR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were also recorded. Postoperative pulmonary and neurological complications were followed up.
Results:
LUS in group E was significantly lower than that in group C at 30 min after surgery. The OI in group E was significantly higher than group C before extubation. There were no significant differences in the ONSD values between the two groups. ONSD of both groups increased significantly at 5 and 60 min after Trendelenburg positioning compared to before anesthesia induction. There were no significant differences between the two groups in Ppeak, PETCO2, HR, MAP at 5 min after tracheal tube insertion , no significant differences in the incidence of neurological and pulmonary complications .
Conclusions:
During laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer, application of individualized PEEP can reduce the LUS, improve patient oxygenation ,without causing an increase in neurological complications.
Trial registration: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, document number: AF/54/2020-02.3, approval number: 2022-026 (Study) -01. It has been registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200060434,1/6/2022).
Study on the adhesive mechanism of erosion reducing additive on the bore surface of gun barrel
Authors: FAN Wei , GUO Yiyan , ZHANG Ming , YAN Zhifei , CUI Yanfang , YIN Fei , BAI Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In view of the erosion and wear of gun barrel, adhesive mechanism of erosion reducing additive (ERA) is studied based on the formation of adhesive layer (AL) on the bore surface for heat insulation. Firstly, we use polysiloxane/boride ERAs and semi-closed bomb device to carry out simulated shooting experiments. After that, micro morphology of AL is analyzed by SEM-EDS. Then the effect of polysiloxane viscosity, boride mesh, boride content and shooting number on ALs is investigated by analyzing the differences in micro morphology. Results show that viscosity and fluidity of ERA effectively affect the adhesive process. As polysiloxane viscosity increases, the viscosity of ERA increases and the fluidity of ERA decreases. As boride mesh increases, the viscosity of ERA decreases, and the fluidity of ERA increases. As boride content increases, the fluidity of ERA decreases. Under high temperature and high speed airflow, AL is peeled off from substrate, while ERA particles in the gunpowder gas adhere to the substrate or the previous AL and form a new AL. As the shooting proceeds, ERA continuously performs the cycle process of adhesion-shedding-re-adhesion-re-shedding, and there is always a protective layer to prevent high-temperature heat flow from eroding the bore surface.
Global surface area receiving daily precipitation, wet-day frequency and probability of extreme rainfall: Water Security and Climate Change
Authors: Benestad Rasmus E. , Lussana Cristian , Dobler Andreas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Both the total amount of precipitation falling on Earth's surface and the fraction of the surface area on which it falls represent two key global climate indicators for Earth's global hydrological cycle. We show that the fraction of Earth's surface area receiving daily precipitation is closely connected to the global statistics of local wet-day frequency as well as mean precipitation intensity. Our analysis was based on the ERA5 reanalysis which also revealed a close link between the global mean of the mean precipitation intensity for each grid box and the total daily precipitation falling on Earth's surface divided by the global surface area fraction on which it falls. The wet-day frequency and the mean precipitation intensity are two important statistical indicators for inferring effects of climate change on society and nature as they represent key parameters that can be used to approximately infer the probability of heavy rainfall on local scales. We also found a close match between the global mean temperature and both the total planetary amount of precipitation and surface area in the ERA5 data, hinting at a dependency between the greenhouse effect and the global hydrological cycle. Hence, the total planetary precipitation and the daily precipitation area represent links between the global warming and extreme precipitation amounts that traditionally have not been included in sets of essential climate indicators.
SPHK1 potentiates colorectal cancer progression and metastasis via regulating autophagy mediated by TRAF6-induced ULK1 ubiquitination
Authors: Liu Shi Quan , Chen Da , Wu Jiang Ni , Qiu Xin Ze , Luo Shi Bo , Huang Shan Pei , Wei Er Dan , Qin Meng Bin , Huang Jie An 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A sphingolipid metabolite regulator, sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), plays a critical role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies had demonstrated that invasion and metastasis of CRC are promoted by SPHK1-driven autophagy. However, the exact mechanism of SPHK1 drives autophagy to promote tumor progression remains unclear. Here, immunohistochemical detection showed the expression of SPHK1 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF6) in human CRC tissues was stronger than in adjacent normal tissues, they were both associated with distance metastasis. It was discovered that knockdown of SPHK1 reduced the expression of TRAF6, inhibited autophagy, and inhibited the growth and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, effects of SPHK1-downregulating were reversed by overexpression of TRAF6 in CRC cells transfected by double-gene.
Overexpression of SPHK1 and TRAF6 promoted the expression of autophagy protein LC3 and Vimentin, while down-regulated the expression of autophagy protein P62 and E-cadherin. The expression of autophagy-related ubiquitination protein ULK1 and Ubiquitin protein were significantly up-regulated in TRAF6-overexpressed CRC cells. In addition, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3MA) significantly inhibited the metastasis promoting effect of SPHK1 and TRAF6, suppressed the expression of LC3 and Vimentin, and promoted the expression of P62 and E-cadherin, in CRC cells.
Immunofluorescence staining showed SPHK1 and TRAF6 were co-localized in HT29 CRC cell membrane and cytoplasm. Immunoprecipitation detection showed SPHK1 was efficiently combined with the endogenous TRAF6 and the interaction was also detected reciprocally. Additionally, proteasome inhibitor MG132 treatment upregulated the expression of TRAF6 and the level of Ubiquitin protein, in SPHK1-downregulating CRC cells.
These results reveal that SPHK1 potentiates CRC progression and metastasis via regulating autophagy mediated by TRAF6-induced ULK1 ubiquitination. SPHK1-TRAF6-ULK1 signaling axis is critical to the progression of CRC and provides a new strategy for the therapeutic control of CRC.
Experiences of abortion care in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: examining multiple dimensions of access
Authors: Wickramasinghe Sethini , Fisher Jane , Taft Angela , Makleff Shelly 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services is a global priority. Yet barriers to abortion access remain, including legal restrictions, cost, stigma, and limited availability of services and information. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated barriers to abortion care. The aim was to identify barriers to and facilitators of abortion by examining experiences of access during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This qualitative phenomenological study examined abortion access during the pandemic in Australia, where abortion is decriminalised. We used social media and flyers in clinics to recruit adults who sought abortion care since March 2020, then conducted in-depth interviews. We mapped participant experiences to five dimensions of access identified by Levesque et al.’s patient-centred access to healthcare framework: approachability, acceptability, availability and accommodation, affordability, and appropriateness. Results The 24 participants lived across Australia and sought abortion in a range of pandemic-related restrictions.Approachability: Most lacked information about abortion and where to seek it.Acceptability: Many were uncomfortable disclosing their abortion to family, friends, and healthcare providers, and providers demonstrated varying levels of support.Availability and accommodation: Regional participants travelled far and faced long wait-times, exacerbated by pandemic restrictions.Affordability: Participants described financial stress paying for the service, travel, and related expenses.Appropriateness: Most participants expected judgement in care. Providers commonly assumed they wanted to remain pregnant, and some provided unempathetic and rushed care. Some participants reported non-judgmental and supportive services with appropriate emotional support and time spent with providers. Discussion Abortion seekers experienced varying obstacles when seeking care, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Challenges during the pandemic illustrated the importance of ensuring social support during care and choice between abortion modalities and service types. The findings illustrate the need for population- and system-level initiatives such as: providing accurate information about and normalising abortion; implementing system-level efforts to reduce wait times, travel, and costs, especially for rural populations; and developing regulatory and quality improvement initiatives to increase the workforce and its readiness to provide high-quality, non-judgemental abortion care. Consumer voices can help understand the diverse pathways to abortion care and inform solutions to overcome the multidimensional barriers to access.
Quantum optical tomography based on time-resolved and mode-selective single-photon detection by femtosecond up-conversion
Authors: Namekata Naoto , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Nomura Kenya , Sako Tokuei , Takata Norio , Inoue Shuichiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We developed an optical time-of-flight measurement system using a time-resolved and mode-selective up-conversion single-photon detector for acquiring tomographic images of a mouse brain. The probe and pump pulses were spectrally carved from a 100 femtoseconds mode-locked fiber laser at 1556 nm using 4f systems, so that their center wavelengths were situated at either side of the phase matching band separated by 30 nm. We demonstrated a sensitivity of 111 dB which exceeds that of optical coherence tomography and an axial resolution of 57 µm (a refractive index of 1.37) with 380 femtosecond probe and pump pulses whose average powers were 1.5 mW and 30 µW, respectively. The proposed technique will open a new way of non-contact and non-invasive three-dimensional structural imaging of biological specimens with ultraweak optical irradiation.
Increasing the thermal stability of α-diimine nickel (II) catalyst by camphorquinone as a great backbone and investigating the steric effects of this backbone in ethylene polymerization
Authors: Issaabadi Zahra , Arabi Hassan , Karimi Majid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the α-diimine catalyst system, catalyst design with high thermal stability through ligand modiﬁcations is very challenging. This paper reports the preparation of three camphyl-based ligands with diverse steric effect and their Ni (II) complexes. To evaluate the backbone and ligand steric effects these nickel complexes were used as catalysts in the polymerization of ethylene. The camphyl-based catalysts show high thermal stability with good catalyst activity up to 75 °C. In ethylene polymerization using bulky isopropyl substitution in the ortho position of the aniline moieties, it is achievable to tune the catalytic activities (6 × 105 g/mol Ni.h), polymer molecular weights (16 × 104 g/mol), and polymer melting temperatures (to 117.5 °C) over an extensive range.
Allogeneic Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation Versus Microdrilling combined with High Tibial Osteotomy for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Jung Se-Han , Nam Bum-Joon , Choi Chong-Hyuk , Kim Sungjun , Jung Min , Chung Kwangho , Park Jisoo , Jung Youngsu , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study compared cartilage regeneration outcomes in knee osteoarthritis (OA) using allogeneic human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSC) implantation and microdrilling with high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Fifty-four patients (60 knees) were included: 24 in the hUCB-MSC group and 30 in the microdrilling group. Both groups showed significant improvements in pain and functional scores at 6, 12, and 24 months compared to baseline. At 24 months, hUCB-MSC group had significantly improved scores. Arthroscopic assessment at 12 months revealed better cartilage healing in the hUCB-MSC group. In subgroup analysis, hUCB-MSC showed superior results for anterior lesions. Both treatments demonstrated effectiveness for medial OA. However, hUCB-MSC implantation had better patient-reported outcomes and cartilage regeneration than microdrilling. The study suggests promising approaches for cartilage restoration in large knee defects due to OA.
RETRACTED: Comparison Of Two Treatment Modalities In The Management Of Gingival Enlargement During Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rihawi Hummam , Habashneh Rola Al , Abdel-Hafez Reem , Alzoubi Majdi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Feasibility and safety of modified en bloc resection in endoscopic thyroid surgery via bilateral areolar approach – Long-term institutional analysis 10 years after surgery
Authors: Xie Qiuping , Ma Junjie , Du Yu , Shi Mengjia , Wang Ping , Yu Xing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to introduce a new method of modified en bloc resection, evaluate its feasibility and safety in endoscopic thyroid surgery via bilateral areolar approach (BAA).
Methods
108 and 213 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients underwent lobectomy + ipsilateral central node dissection (CND) with modified en bloc method and conventional method via BAA were included in this study, and the patients were follow-up for an average of 10 years. The main outcomes including operative duration, lymph nodes yield (LNY), surgical complications, and the rate of recurrence and metastasis.
Results
There was no significant difference in terms of gender, age, tumor locations, tumor dominant nodule size, and the incidence concomitant Hashimoto thyroiditis in the clinicopathologic characteristics comparison. It was similar in the comparison of operative duration (P = 0.14), blood loss (P = 0.13), postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.58), incidence of transient vocal cord paralysis (P = 0.90) and hypocalcemia (P = 0.60). While the mean LNY achieved in the central compartment of Modified en bloc Group (7.5 ± 4.5) was significant more than it in Conventional Group (5.6 ± 3.6). Two patients in the Modified en bloc group and two patients in the Conventional group were found metastasis after surgery in the average 10 years follow up (1.8% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.60). In the analysis of learning curve, the operative duration of modified en bloc resection was significantly decreased from the 25-35th cases.
Conclusions
The method of modified en bloc resection in endoscopic thyroid surgery via BAA seems to be a technically feasible and safe procedure with excellent cosmetic results for selective PTC patients.
A Novel Method for Classification and Modelling of Underwater Acoustic Communication through Machine Learning and Image Processing Technique
Authors: Shaik Azeez , Das Bikramaditya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The increasing prevalence of underwater activities has highlighted the urgent need for reliable underwater acoustic communication systems. However, the challenging nature of the underwater environment poses significant obstacles to the implementation of conventional voice communication methods. To better understand and improve upon these systems, simulations of the underwater audio channel have been developed using mathematical models and assumptions. In this study, we utilize real-world informationgathered from both a measured water reservoir and Lake to evaluate the ability of machine learning and machine learning methods, specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Deep Neural Network (DNN), to accurately reconstruct the underwater audio channel. The outcomesvalidate the efficiency of machine learning methods, particularly LSTM, in accurately simulating the underwater acoustic communication channel with low mean absolute percentage error. Additionally, this research also includes an image processing to identify the objects present thein theacoustic environment.
Subclinical structural atypicality of the retinal thickness and association with gray matter volume of the visual cortex in maltreated children
Authors: Yao Akiko , Nishitani Shota , Yamada Yutaka , Oshima Hideyuki , Sugihara Yuka , Makita Kai , Takiguchi Shinichiro , Kawata Natasha Y.S. , Fujisawa Takashi X. , Okazawa Hidehiko , Inatani Masaru , Tomoda Akemi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Individuals who experienced childhood maltreatment reportedly have atypical gray matter structures in their primary visual cortex (V1). Thus, we hypothesized that the sensory structures of vision may also be affected by these influences and are related to each other. General ophthalmologic examinations, visual cognitive tasks, retinal imaging, and brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed to compare the differences between children and adolescents aged 9–18 years with maltreatment experiences (CM) and typically developing (TD) children. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the segment (GCL++) summed with the RNFL and ganglion cell layer with the inner plexiform layer of the macular were significantly thinner in both eyes in CM. Although whole-brain analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry revealed a significantly larger gray matter volume (GMV) in the thalamus compared to TD, there was no significant correlation with RNFL and GCL + + thickness. Based on the region-of-interest analysis, the thinner RNFL and GCL + + were associated with a larger GMV in the right V1. Owing to abusive experiences, CM showed subclinical structural atypicality in the retina, which may account for the immature V1 development since brain regions remain larger. Examination of retinal thickness could be a new clinical approach to capture CM characteristics.