bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The case for approval voting
Authors: Hamlin Aaron , Hua Whitney 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCitizens in many US states and cities in recent years have pushed for various reforms of voting methods. This raises the important question of which reform will best meet both normative and practical goals of representative democracy. While also evaluating criticisms of it, we make the case in this article that approval voting is the simplest actionable response. More specifically, we argue that approval voting offers distinct advantages, not only relative to the status quo of plurality voting, but also relative to alternative reforms. By giving voters the ability to support multiple candidates equally, approval voting grants true agency to the electorate to select strong winners among a candidate pool that is more competitive, diverse, and responsive to what voters want. As a low-cost yet high-impact electoral reform, the implementation of approval voting can create meaningful and lasting improvements in the quality of representation and policies.
Resilience, higher education and widening participation: generating change for care experienced students
Authors: Ellis Katie , Johnston Claire 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Over 80,000 children in England were being looked after in Local Authority care in 2020 and a further 40,000 people were defined as ‘care leavers’. Although a significant body of research highlights the prevalence of educational low achievement in the care experienced population, official government figures show that around 13% of care experienced pupils progress to higher education by the age of 19. In a climate of ‘widening participation’ in which universities encourage inclusion and student diversity, this research invited students with a care background to discuss their experiences of settling into university life. Data was collected using in-depth interviews with 42 students from four universities and an online survey completed by 192 students in 29 universities in England and Wales. Findings revealed that although care experienced students overcome significant challenges to progress to higher education, over half considered dropping out. Others reported feeling isolated and inadequately supported, both financially and pastorally, by their institution. This paper uses a lens of resilience to consider the environmental factors that impact upon student transitions, and concludes that universities must act to balance inequalities in order to appropriately welcome and appreciate care leavers for the skills and experience they bring.
The Role of Informal Sources of Help In Young People’s Access To, Engagement With, And Maintenance In Professional Mental Health Care—A Scoping Review
Authors: Lynch Louise , Moorhead Anne , Long Maggie , Hawthorne-Steele Isobel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractYoung people can be reluctant to seek help for a mental health problem due to many factors, and research suggests that early and meaningful intervention within this demographic is essential to support improved quality of life and reduce youth death by suicide. The role of informal sources of help in youth mental health help-seeking pathways is an important subject however, there are no reviews on this topic. The aim of this scoping review was to map the existing literature regarding how informal sources of help affect young people’s access to, engagement with and maintenance in professional mental health care. Nine databases were searched for original peer-reviewed research published between 1994 and 2021 with young people aged 10–25 years. A thematic analysis was performed on 32 studies that met selection criteria. Two key themes were identified: 1. Informal helpers as supportive intermediaries and 2. Informal helpers as obstructive forces. This review found that informal sources of help are dynamic and essential pathway agents in helping or hindering young people with accessing and staying engaged in professional mental health care. Further research on this topic with young people about their actual help-seeking experiences is required. Through an improved understanding of how these interpersonal relationships function within a young person’s help-seeking process, on a spectrum of supportive to obstructive behaviour, services and practitioners can ensure the provision of responsive and appropriate support to young people and their families, facilitating service use and ensuring better outcomes for young people’s mental health and quality of life.
Parental Depressive Symptoms and Infant Sleeping Arrangements: The Contributing Role of Parental Expectations
Authors: Chénier-Leduc Gabrielle , Béliveau Marie-Julie , Dubois-Comtois Karine , Kenny Samantha , Pennestri Marie-Hélène 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudies describing the link between infant sleeping arrangements and postpartum maternal depressive symptoms have led to inconsistent findings. However, expectations regarding these sleeping arrangements were rarely taken into consideration. Furthermore, very few studies on pediatric sleep have included fathers. Therefore, the aims of this study were (1) to compare maternal and paternal attitudes regarding co-sleeping arrangements and (2) to explore the associations among sleeping arrangements, the discrepancy between expected and actual sleeping arrangements, and depressive symptoms, in mothers and fathers. General attitudes about co-sleeping, sleeping arrangements and the discrepancy between expected and actual sleeping arrangements were assessed using the Sleep Practices Questionnaire (SPQ) in 92 parents (41 couples and 10 parents who participated alone in the study) of 6-month-old infants. Parental depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Within the same couple, mothers were generally more supportive than fathers of a co-sleeping arrangement (p < 0.01). Multivariate linear mixed model analyses showed that both mothers’ and fathers’ depressive symptoms were significantly associated with a greater discrepancy between the expected and actual sleeping arrangement (small to moderate effect size) (p < 0.05) regardless of the actual sleeping arrangement. These findings shed new light on the conflicting results concerning the link between co-sleeping and parental depressive symptoms reported in the literature. Researchers and clinicians should consider not only actual sleeping arrangements, but also parents’ expectations.
Melting behavior of sulfur-bearing silicate–phosphate glass batches
Authors: Sułowska Justyna , Szumera Magdalena , Madej Dominika , Handke Bartosz , Świerczek Konrad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main purpose of the research was to explain the differences between nominal and actual chemical compositions of silicate-phosphate glasses in the SiO2-P2O5-K2O-MgO-SO3 system. The actual compositions of the materials were determined with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses. Changes in the chemical composition were explained by examining the melting processes for selected glass batches with differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetry-related gas analysis by mass spectrometry (DSC-TG-EGA (MS)) and high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD). It was found that changes in the chemical composition of the sulfur-bearing glasses were associated with the release of gaseous products. The main gases released during thermal decomposition of the selected glass batch were water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. Since these glasses have potential for use as glassy fertilizers, there is no doubt that the present study is important from an environmental point of view.
Do liberals value emotion more than conservatives? Political partisanship and Lay beliefs about the functionality of emotion
Authors: Choi Minyoung , Karnaze Melissa M. , Lench Heather C. , Levine Linda J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRelying on feelings to guide thoughts and plans may be functional from the perspective of the individual but threaten the cohesion of social groups. Thus, liberals, who prioritize caring and fairness for individuals, may view emotion as more functional than do conservatives, who prioritize preserving social groups, hierarchies, and institutions. To test this, participants in three studies (total N = 1,355) rated political partisanship, beliefs about the functionality of emotion, and well-being. Study 3 also assessed how much participants prioritized “individualizing” versus “socially binding” values (Graham et al., 2011). Across all studies, the more liberal participants were, the more they viewed emotion as functional, despite reporting less emotional well-being. In Study 3, the link between liberalism and valuing emotion was mediated by more liberal participants’ greater endorsement of individualizing than socially binding values. These results suggest that emotion is viewed as more functional by those who prioritize the needs of individuals, but as less functional by those who prioritize the cohesion of social groups.
Prediction of Mefenamic Acid Crystal Shape by Random Forest Classification
Authors: Nakapraves Siya , Warzecha Monika , Mustoe Chantal L. , Srirambhatla Vijay , Florence Alastair J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Particle shape can have a significant impact on the bulk properties of materials. This study describes the development and application of machine-learning models to predict the crystal shape of mefenamic acid recrystallized from organic solvents.

Methods
Crystals were grown in 30 different solvents to establish a dataset comprising solvent molecular descriptors, process conditions and crystal shape. Random forest classification models were trained on this data and assessed for prediction accuracy.

Results
The highest prediction accuracy of crystal shape was 93.5% assessed by fourfold cross-validation. When solvents were sequentially excluded from the training data, 32 out of 84 models predicted the shape of mefenamic acid crystals for the excluded solvent with 100% accuracy and a further 21 models had prediction accuracies from 50–100%. Reducing the feature set to only solvent physical property descriptors and supersaturations resulted in higher overall prediction accuracies than the models trained using all available or another selected subset of molecular descriptors. For the 8 solvents on which the models performed poorly (< 50% accuracy), further characterisation of crystals grown in these solvents resulted in the discovery of a new mefenamic acid solvate whereas all other crystals were the previously known form I.

Conclusions
Random forest classification models using solvent physical property descriptors can reliably predict crystal morphologies for mefenamic acid crystals grown in 20 out of the 28 solvents included in this work. Poor prediction accuracies for the remaining 8 solvents indicate that further factors will be required in the feature set to provide a more generalized predictive morphology model.
BaFe1−xNixO3 Catalysts for NOx-Assisted Diesel Soot Oxidation
Authors: Montilla-Verdú S. , Torregrosa-Rivero V. , Díaz-Verde A. , Illán-Gómez M. J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, it is analyzed the effect of the partial substitution of Fe by Ni in a BaFeO3 perovskite to be used as the catalyst for NOx-assisted diesel soot oxidation. A series of BaFe1−xNixO3 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8) catalysts have been synthesized by using the sol–gel method. The catalysts have been characterized by ICP-OES, XRD, XPS, O2-TPD, H2-TPR- and TEM. The catalytic activity for NO to NO2 oxidation and NOx-assisted diesel soot oxidation have been determined by Temperature Programmed Reaction experiments (NOx -TPR and Soot-NOx-TPR, respectively) and by isothermal reaction at 450 °C. Ni seems not to be inserted in the BaFeO3 perovskite and, instead of that, BaNiO3 perovskite and NiO are detected on the surface of the perovskite BaFeO3. XPS data reveal the coexistence of Fe(III) and Fe(IV) on the catalyst’s surface (being Fe(III) the main oxidation state) and the presence of oxygen vacancies. All catalysts are active for NO oxidation to NO2, showing BaFeO3 and BaFe0.6Ni0.4O3 the best catalytic performance. BaFe0.6Ni0.4O3 shows the highest proportion of nickel on surface and it combines the highest activity and stability for NOx-assisted diesel soot oxidation. Also, this catalyst presents the highest initial soot oxidation rate which minimizes the accumulation of unreacted soot during reaction.
Applications of ball spaces theory: fixed point theorems in semimetric spaces and ball convergence
Authors: Nowakowski Piotr , Turoboś Filip 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the paper, we apply some of the results from the theory of ball spaces in semimetric setting. This allows us to obtain fixed point theorems which we believe to be unknown to this day. As a byproduct, we obtain the equivalence of some different notions of completeness in semimetric spaces where the distance function is 1-continuous. In the second part of the article, we generalize the Caristi–Kirk results forb-metric spaces. Additionally, we obtain a characterization of semicompleteness for 1-continuousb-metric spaces via a fixed point theorem analogous to a result of Suzuki. In the epilogue, we introduce the concept of convergence in ball spaces, based on the idea that balls should resemble closed sets in topological sets. We prove several of its properties, compare it with convergence in semimetric spaces and pose several open questions connected with this notion.
Lanthanum-Promoted Nickel-Based Catalysts for the Dry Reforming of Methane at Low Temperatures
Authors: Abdelsadek Zoulikha , Köten Hasan , Gonzalez-Cortes Sergio , Cherifi Ouiza , Halliche Djamila , Masset Patrick J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, considerable attention has been paid to the catalytic dry reforming of methane to obtain syngas. This reaction has very important environmental implications due to the utilization of CH4 and CO2, gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The dry reforming of methane is normally carried out over strong basic catalysts with noble metals. Nickel has emerged as an interesting alternative, although it tends to deactivate and form carbon whiskers, which could block the reactor. It is therefore necessary to improve their catalytic performance (conversion, selectivity and stability). In this work, Ni0.69La0.31 and Ni0.14Mg0.55La0.31 were studied in the dry methane reforming reaction. The precursors were prepared by co-precipitation and the oxide phases were obtained by calcining these precursors at 450°C/6 h. The XRD diagrams of the calcined samples show the formation of mixed oxide phases with a periclase-like structure. Analysis of the temperature-programmed reduction shows that the presence of Mg shifts the reduction to higher temperatures. The catalysts, reduced at 650°C, were tested in this reaction as a function of operating time at 650°C. No deactivation occurred after 20 h of operation. Furthermore, the combination of Mg and La drastically improves the conversion and selectivity of the catalyst (> 95%).
Otorhinolaryngology Symptom Assessment Using SNOT 22 Among SARS CoV-2 Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Bajpai Sanchit , Samanth Rakshitha , Shenoy Vijendra , Kudlu Kshithi , Bhat Sushmitha , Islam Farnaz Nasrin , Kamath Kasargod Sreenivas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main aim of the study was to assess various ENT symptoms in COVID 19 patients, also to investigate the severity of ENT symptoms among COVID 19 patients and find their relation on basis of scores among five discrete domains of SNOT 22 (Sino nasal Outcome Test). A prospective observational study was conducted among 135 patients between 18 to 75 years of age, in the month of September 2020 with COVID-19 infection having mild, moderate disease who were admitted to our hospital. Subjects were divided into groups according to their presenting ENT symptoms based on age, gender and other comorbidities and differences between the groups were examined. The sinonasal symptoms were assessed using the SNOT 22 questionnaire. A strong statistical significance with loss of smell and taste sensation was noted in patients above the age of 40 years. It was also noted that the patients who presented with cough above the age of 40 years were significantly more. Evaluation of sinonasal symptoms using SNOT 22 questionnaire showed that Extranasal rhinologic symptoms, Psychological dysfunction, Sleep dysfunction had significantly higher association among patients who were more than 40 years. We observed that, Extranasal rhinologic symptoms were significantly higher among males than females. There is thus an emergent need to develop a uniform tool to assess the various ENT symptoms. In our study we assessed the patients with COVID 19 using a standard questionnaire to observe the symptomatology, psychological and sleep dysfunctions due to sinonasal issues, and to closely understand the relationship of various symptoms in a meticulous manner.
The role of emotional functioning in the relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria
Authors: Błachnio Agata , Przepiórka Aneta , Kot Paweł , Cudo Andrzej , Steuden Stanisława 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Access to health information can have positive effects in the form of increased health awareness. However, self-diagnosis based on information available on websites can be dangerous, causing distress as an increasing amount of time is spent on searching. The main aim of the study was to determine the role of emotional functioning in the relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria. The study included N = 615 participants aged 18 to 83 years (M = 43.86, SD = 14.57). The authors used the Cyberchondria Severity Scale, the Short Health Anxiety Inventory, the Life Orientation Test, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Kessler 6 Psychological Distress Scale. The results demonstrate that health anxiety is significantly related to cyberchondria and that pessimism and difficulties in emotion regulation act as mediators in this relationship.
A Gutzwiller Trace Formula for Dirac Operators on a Stationary Spacetime
Authors: Islam Onirban 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA Duistermaat–Guillemin–Gutzwiller trace formula for Dirac-type operators on a globally hyperbolic spatially compact stationary spacetime is achieved by generalising the recent construction by Strohmaier and Zelditch (Adv Math 376:107434, 2021) to a vector bundle setting. We have analysed the spectrum of the Lie derivative with respect to a global timelike Killing vector field on the solution space of the Dirac equation and found that it consists of discrete real eigenvalues. The distributional trace of the time evolution operator has singularities at the periods of induced Killing flow on the space of lightlike geodesics. This gives rise to the Weyl law asymptotic at the vanishing period.
The distribution, ecology and conservation status of the long-tailed woodnymph Thalurania watertonii
Authors: Berryman Alex J. , Collar Nigel J. , Crozariol Marco A. , Gussoni Carlos O. A. , Kirwan Guy M. , Sharpe Christopher J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCompilation and scrutiny of all accessible specimen and observer records of the long-tailed woodnymphThalurania watertonii, a hummingbird currently listed as ‘Endangered’ on the IUCN Red List, eliminates Guyana, Pará, Maranhão, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba from its range and sets aside both Sergipe and Bahia as unproven, leaving 29 certain localities, 15 in Pernambuco and 14 in Alagoas, north-east Brazil, all of them in Atlantic Forest and not Cerrado or Caatinga. Among them are records from ten IUCN category I‒IV protected areas (seven in Pernambuco, two in Alagoas and one shared between the two). Remote sensing analysis shows all confirmed localities to contain a total of c.292 km2of forest (with an extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) of 16,090 and 910 km2, respectively), thus indicating the species qualifies for ‘Vulnerable’ (rather than ‘Endangered’) on the IUCN Red List. However, within the species’ range, we find a maximum total of 2568 km2of forest, unexplored patches of which may host important populations of this and other threatened species endemic to the ‘Pernambuco Centre of Endemism’. Range-wide research is urgently needed into the condition of these sites and the status of the species within them as well as the general densities, ecology and true distribution of the species, which is now known to breed from October to March, to feed on at least 25 plant species and possibly to need shallow clean-water streams, in order to identify the key measures needed to ensure its survival.
Roman Carthage – An Ethnic Conglomeration? A Study of the Anthroponymy of an African Metropolis
Authors: Świerk Martyna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article discusses nearly 1,200 names of individuals appearing in inscriptions from Roman Carthage. The aim of the study is to answer the question whether there are indications in the anthroponymic tradition that may support the thesis of the multiculturalism of the city. The analyses focus primarily on the cognomen, which constitutes the most individualized element of the Roman naming system. Besides the unquestioned, dominating role of the nomenclature that was typical of the Roman cultural circle, local onomastics also revealed the relationships that existed between local traditions, which were mainly of Punic origins, as well as the influences of eastern migrations. An important point in the analysis of names with Punic and Greek provenance, and the Latin cognomina described as African, was to consider the abundance of their occurrence in each social group. Thus, names could be examined not only as a possible marker of ethnicity, but also as a marker of social affiliation, which is important especially in the context of cognomina graeca. In the last part of the article, the results are presented in a broader regional context, with the aim of presenting the specificity of the anthroponymy of Roman Carthage.
Critique and Speculation: Reconsidering Hegel's Early Dialectical Logic
Authors: Luciano Giovanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to clarify the critical role of Hegel's early logic, through an assessment of the dialectical process of sublation [Aufhebung] of the determinations of finite thinking at stake within its exposition. I want to show that the dialectical-critical work of logic has a speculative meaning for Hegel, thereby displaying the inward correspondence between critical and speculative aspects of philosophical activity. By pointing out the evidence from fragmentary texts on logic relating to Hegel's teaching activity in 1801–1802, I will first put into question the idea of an introductory role of logic. In so doing I challenge a widespread reading which argues for the presence of a sharp separation between critical logic and speculative metaphysics. I will then focus on the texts on logic in the 1804–1805 Reinschrift, reading them as the worksite wherein the dawning form of a full-fledged dialectical logic is first prepared and elaborated. More generally, if this paves the way for establishing a continuity between Hegel's early and mature logic and his concept of dialectic, it is also paramount for understanding how the activity of systematic philosophy in the mature version of the system essentially constitutes an ongoing work on the forms of the finite.