bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung cancer palindromia due to the deficiency of vital energy and blood syndrome treated by TCM herbs: A case report
Authors: Sun Xiaomeng , Tan Dongyang , Miao Jiarui , Wang Chang , Xu Yi , Yuan Fei , Fan Xu 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
Lung cancer is a common primary malignant tumor of lung in clinic, which leads the world in both new cancers and new cancer deaths. At present, surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are commonly used in the treatment of lung cancer. However, due to the strong occultness of the diseases and the possibility of recurrence, the best treatment opportunity is often missed. Immunotherapy, which is the main method of lung cancer, but the treatment efficiency and survival are not satisfactory, most patients will have local recurrence or distant metastasis. Traditional Chinese medicine has a targeted effect on the treatment of lung cancer with small adverse reactions, and has a positive impact on alleviating the adverse reactions of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and prolonging the life span of patients. More and more attention should be paid to the research of lung cancer treatments.

Patient concerns:
Patients with lung tumors, which had been surgically removed in the past. This time, the tumor occurred again, and the patient could not tolerate another surgical treatment. Other targeted treatments are not available due to financial and body constraints.

Diagnoses:
The case was diagnosed as invasive adenocarcinoma of the upper lobe of the right lung.

Interventions:
The patient received early surgical treatment, and then changed to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction treatment. The treatment principle of Chinese medicine is mainly to tonify healthy Qi and blood, enhancing the immunity of the body.

Outcomes:
After nearly 2 years of TCM decoction treatment, the recurrent tumor has shrunk significantly. No discomfort such as fatigue, fever or weight loss. During this period, the patient did not receive western medical treatment such as surgery and chemotherapy, which did not affect normal life. It also proves that Chinese medicine is effective.

Lessons:
This case report confirms that traditional Chinese medicine is safe and effective in the treatment of lung cancer, improving the ability of strengthening the health, driving away evil, and fighting cancer. TCM herbs can block the lesion of new blood vessels, anticancer metastasis, prevent recurrence after surgery, which is worth promoting. In clinical practice, the individual treatment of patients and the symptomatic treatment according to different syndromes should be attached great importance.
Improving Antibiotic Use in Argentine Pediatric Hospitals: A Process Evaluation Using Normalization Process Theory
Authors: Roberti Javier , Jorro-Barón Facundo , Ini Natalí , Guglielmino Marina , Rodríguez Ana Paula , Echave Cecilia , Falaschi Andrea , Rodríguez Viviana E , García-Elorrio Ezequiel , Alonso Juan Pedro 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In the pediatric setting, overprescribing of antibiotics contributes to the rise of multidrug-resistant organisms. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are recommended to optimize antibiotic use and combat resistance. However, the implementation of ASPs in low- and middle-income countries faces several challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation process of a multifaceted ASP in 2 pediatric hospitals in Argentina.

Methods:
A qualitative study was conducted in two large public children’s hospitals in Argentina, using semistructured interviews with 32 healthcare providers at the beginning and end of the ASP implementation. The study was guided by the normalization process theory.

Results:
The intervention faced challenges, including limited understanding of its objectives, confusion with existing practices, and insufficient commitment from senior staff. Although junior staff were more receptive, communication barriers with external staff and workload concerns hindered broader adoption. Infectious disease specialists primarily led implementation, with limited involvement of other staff, particularly in training activities. Despite these challenges, participants reported improvements, such as the development of standardized antibiotic guidelines, better interdisciplinary collaboration, and improved communication. However, organizational support and resistance to new practices remained barriers.

Conclusions:
This study highlights the importance of organizational context and staff commitment in ASP implementation. Tailored strategies that address the specific challenges of low- and middle-income countries are needed to effectively implement ASPs.
Hepcidin modifies the relationship between anemia, erythrocyte indices, and neurocognitive performance in virally suppressed people with HIV
Authors: Tavasoli Azin , Okwuegbuna Oluwakemi K. , Tang Bin , Iudicello Jennifer E. , Kallianpur Asha R. , Ellis Ronald J. , Letendre Scott L. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
Neurocognitive (NC) impairment in people with HIV (PWH) is associated with erythrocyte indices, which may serve as indicators of iron metabolism, inflammation, and related factors. Erythropoiesis requires iron, regulated by a multifaceted system of peptide hormones, including hepcidin. This study postulated that hepcidin might modify the relationship between erythrocyte indices and NC performance in PWH.

Methods:
Plasma hepcidin and erythrocyte indices were quantified in 88 virally-suppressed PWH who underwent comprehensive NC assessments. Global NC performance was summarized by global T-scores. Associations of global T-scores with anemia and erythrocyte indices were determined in univariable analyses. To examine the influence of hepcidin on the relationship between NC performance and erythrocyte indices, we evaluated interactions between these covariates in relation to global T-scores and then performed stratified analyses.

Results:
In multivariable analyses, hepcidin detectability interacted with age (p = 0.007) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p = 0.031) in relation to the global T-score. Interactions between anemia and erythrocyte indices on global T-scores were significant (anemia x MCV, p = 0.008; anemia x MCH, p = 0.011). Stratified analyses identified that lower global T-scores were associated with older age (p = 0.001) and higher MCV (p = 0.0046) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH, p = 0.026) only when hepcidin was undetectable. Among the anemic, worse global T-score was associated with higher MCV (p = 0.001) and MCH (p = 0.002).

Conclusion:
Findings suggest that iron-related factors (hepcidin, anemia, MCV, MCH) and age influence neurocognitive health. This cross-sectional study underscores hepcidin as an effect modifier in the associations of erythrocyte indices, anemia, and age with neurocognitive function in PWH.
Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed in utero to dolutegravir- or efavirenz-based ART
Authors: Cassidy Adam R. , Mayondi Gloria , Williams Paige L. , Moabi Kebaiphe , Lemahieu Allison , Kamanga Naledi , Powis Kathleen M. , Isquith Peter , Ramaabya Dinah , Banda Francis M. , Makhema Joseph , Kammerer Betsy , Lockman Shahin 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To examine the impact of in utero exposure to dolutegravir (DTG)- or efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) on child neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes.

Design:
Prospective cohort design, enrolling 3 cohorts of 2-year-olds: children HIV-negative born to mothers with HIV (CHEU) receiving either DTG-based or EFV-based 3-drug ART during pregnancy, and children born to mothers without HIV (CHUU).

Methods:
Primary child ND outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) and compared between cohorts using generalized estimating equation models adjusted for confounders. Children were classified as having an “adverse ND outcome” if they scored ≥1 standard deviation (SD) below the mean or were unable to complete the BSID-III.

Results:
564 participants (202 DTG-exposed, 202 EFV-exposed, 160 HIV-unexposed; mean age 25.7 months, 49% female). Mean (SD) Gross Motor scores were slightly lower among CHEU vs. CHUU (54.6 (3.6) vs. 55.6 (4.3)) and among EFV-exposed vs. DTG-exposed (54.3 (3.5) vs. 54.9 (3.6)). CHEU were more likely to be classified as having an “adverse” expressive language outcome (13.2% vs 7.0%, aRR = 2.06 (95%CI: 1.05, 4.03)) than CHUU, but other ND outcomes were similar. DTG exposure was associated with less frequent “adverse” classification in Cognitive (2.5% vs 7.4% aRR = 0.33 (0.13, 0.79)) and Expressive Language domains (10.0% vs 16.4%, aRR = 0.58 (0.35, 0.95)), compared to EFV-exposure.

Conclusions:
Two-year ND outcomes among Botswana children DTG-exposed, EFV-exposed, and HIV-unexposed were mostly comparable. Children exposed in utero to EFV-based ART had higher risk of “adverse” cognitive and expressive language outcomes compared to children DTG-exposed.
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of ICU Readmissions in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients: Insights from the MIMIC Databases
Authors: Chen Shuheng , Fan Junyi , Abdollahi Armin , Ashrafi Negin , Alaei Kamiar , Placencia Greg , Pishgar Maryam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-risking condition characterized by bleeding within the brain parenchyma. ICU readmission in ICH patients is a critical outcome, reflecting both clinical severity and resource utilization. Accurate prediction of ICU readmission risk is crucial for guiding clinical decision-making and optimizing healthcare resources.MethodsThis study utilized the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV) databases, which contain comprehensive clinical and demographic data on ICU patients. Patients with ICH were identified from both databases. Various clinical, laboratory, and demographic features were extracted for analysis based on both overview literature and experts’ opinions. Preprocessing methods like imputing and sampling were applied to improve the performance of our models. Machine learning techniques, such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), XGBoost, and RandomForest were employed to develop predictive models for ICU readmission risk. Model performance was evaluated using metrics such as AUROC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.ResultsThe developed models demonstrated robust predictive accuracy for ICU readmission in ICH patients, with key predictors including demographic information, clinical parameters, and laboratory measurements.ConclusionOur study provides a predictive framework for ICU read-mission risk in ICH patients, which can aid in clinical decision-making and improve resource allocation in intensive care settings.
AI-Powered Exploration of IGF2BP3 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Progression and Disease Stratification
Authors: Chauhan Pragati , Ubaid Saba , Kashif Mohammad , Singh Tanvi , Singh Gaurav , Verma Shailendra Prasad , Singh Ranjana , Kushwaha Rashmi , Singh Vivek 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundChronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) progresses through chronic, accelerated, and blast crisis phases, making disease stratification and therapeutic response prediction challenging. IGF2BP3 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 mRNA Binding Protein 3) has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker due to its involvement in RNA stability and oncogenic pathways.MethodsThis study employed a multi-platform approach, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting, to evaluate IGF2BP3 expression in 121 CML patient samples across disease stages. Advanced artificial intelligence (ChatGPT 4.0) and statistical tools (R-Studio) were utilized to analyze correlations between IGF2BP3 levels, clinical parameters, and treatment responses.ResultsIGF2BP3 expression progressively increased from the chronic to the blast crisis phase, correlating with disease severity and resistance to therapy. IHC staining intensity and serum levels of IGF2BP3 were highest in the blast crisis phase, confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. AI-powered regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between IGF2BP3 levels, P210 translocation percentages, and blast counts. Non-responders to therapy exhibited significantly elevated IGF2BP3 levels, underscoring its potential as a marker for treatment resistance.ConclusionsIGF2BP3 is a reliable biomarker for CML disease progression, therapeutic resistance, and patient stratification. Targeting IGF2BP3 may offer novel therapeutic opportunities, particularly in advanced disease stages. This study demonstrates the utility of integrating AI in biomarker research to enhance precision and actionable insights.
Predictors and outcome of post-stroke depression among adults admitted for first stroke at referral hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: a protocol for a prospective longitudinal observational study
Authors: Mandari Sadiki , Nyundo Azan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of strokes are prone to disabilities, especially in underdeveloped countries. Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common neuropsychiatric condition that exacerbates symptoms and raises the danger of stroke recurrence, disability, and mortality. Nevertheless, little is documented about PSD’s incidence, predictors, and consequences.This study aims to assess predictors and outcomes of post-stroke depression among patients admitted with the first stroke episode at referral hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania.Methods and analysisThe study is a prospective longitudinal observational design; a consecutive sampling technique will be used to attain the estimated sample size. Adults aged ≥18 years who have had their first stroke episode, within 14 days, and the stroke diagnosis will be verified through brain imaging using CT or MRI. The study will be conducted at referral hospitals in Dodoma region, Tanzania. At admission, baseline clinical parameters will be recorded, and PSD will be evaluated at one and three months after a stroke. Data will be summarised using descriptive statistics; continuous data will be reported as mean (SD) or median (IQR) while categorical data as frequencies and proportions. The PSD predictors will be determined using logistic regression analysis. The study will adhere to data-sharing guidelines and take ethical considerations into account.Ethics and disseminationThe University of Dodoma’s institutional Research Review and Ethical Committee has granted permission to conduct the study with reference number MA.84/261/02. The relevant authorities granted approval for the study to be carried out at DRRH and BMH.
Attention in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Affected Domains and Brain-Gut Axis Interactions
Authors: Akbari Reyhaneh , Salimi Yeganeh , Aarani Fatemeh Dehghani , Rezayat Ehsan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Recent research suggests that attention may be affected in individuals with IBS, potentially influencing symptom perception and emotional distress.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to investigate the relationship between attention and IBS, focusing on the affected domains of attention and the interactions within the brain-gut axis.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, PsychINFO, and Scopus, from January 1990 to December 2024. Studies were included if they assessed attention in adult IBS patients and employed valid measurement tools. A total of 24 studies were selected for analysis, encompassing various methodologies, including neuroimaging and behavioral assessments.ResultsThe findings indicate that IBS patients exhibit significant attentional biases, particularly towards gastrointestinal-related stimuli, reflecting heightened sensitivity and hypervigilance. Specific domains of attention, including selective attention, sustained attention, and pre-attentional processing, were identified as being affected. The review highlights the role of psychological factors, such as anxiety and depression, in modulating attention in IBS. Neuroimaging studies revealed altered brain activation patterns in regions associated with attention and emotional processing, suggesting a complex interplay between cognitive function and the brain-gut axis.ConclusionThis systematic review underscores the multifaceted nature of attention in IBS, revealing specific attentional deficits and biases that may contribute to symptom exacerbation and emotional distress. The findings emphasize the need for further research to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions aimed at addressing attention in IBS patients.
Trends in self-management research in spinal cord injury: A scoping review of study designs and findings
Authors: Qama Enxhi , Rubinelli Sara , Diviani Nicola 
Published: January 2025

AbstractContextSelf-management (SM) is essential for people living with a spinal cord injury (SCI) to maintain independence and improve their quality of life. The literature on SM interventions reveals gaps in understanding how and why SM works or does not work, and influencing factors that should be considered in future interventions.ObjectiveTo explore the study designs and their trends over time, and to synthesize their key findings.MethodsFollowing Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched. Included were original peer-reviewed studies with adult participants. Study characteristics and trends were summarized, and results were analyzed through a thematic narrative synthesis.ResultsFifty-two articles were included, mostly conducted in the last six years in the community. They mostly focus on issues like pressure injuries and catheterization. Recent years show a shift towards qualitative and mixed-methods research, more inpatient studies, and greater diversity in SM problems. Studies’ findings highlightedindividual factors(knowledge, psychological well-being, SM integration), interpersonal and societal influences(patient-provider relationships, societal contexts), andtechnological integration(enhancement of SM outcomes, usability, and feasibility) as important aspect of SM.ConclusionsThis review shows increase and diversified research on SM in SCI. Findings emphasize the importance of operationalizing knowledge through skill development, integrating SM into daily routines, and fostering effective communication between patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers. Longitudinal studies from rehabilitation to community reintegration in diverse contexts are needed to understand and monitor SM over time.
“Medical specialists in LMICs; a systematic review and best-fit framework synthesis of the evidence on their roles and contribution to health systems”
Authors: Russo Giuliano , Sriram Veena , Mulenga Willows Tamara , Miotto Renata Alonso , Mocumbi Ana Olga , Scheffer Mário 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMedical specialists are integral to the medical workforce and play a pivotal role in referral systems. However, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is perception specialists often fail to align with local health needs, system capacities, and Universal Health Coverage (UHC) objectives.MethodsA systematic review was conducted in 2024 using a best-fit framework to assess the contributions of specialists to health systems and population health in LMICs. Searches covered eight databases and specialist journals, guided by an expert-validateda prioriframework for data extraction and analysis. We used the Johanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools to assess the quality of the papers, and the PRISMA guidelines to report the findings. The study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42024572877).FindingsWe found and reviewed 89 studies, highlighting a critical shortage of specialists, particularly surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and psychiatrists. Evidence linked specialists’ availability to improved health outcomes such as lives saved through expanded surgical capacity, though broader health system contributions were less clear. Specialists were reported to play key roles in referrals, hospital management, mentoring, and research. Governance of their professions was found to be variable across LMICs, with wide differences in specialty types, training curricula, accreditation systems, and regulation of private-sector involvement. Reports frequently documented specialists’ engagement with private health markets, revealing blurred boundaries between public and private care. A dynamic market for specialists was also observed, driven by a sustained global demand for their services. However, few policies were found addressing shortages and improving governance, with existing strategies focusing on task-shifting, clinical training, and sharing responsibilities.ConclusionsThis review offers an evidence-based framework for understanding specialists’ roles and health system engagement in LMICs. We highlight the need to reconsider specialists’ deployment, prioritising alignment with UHC goals and enhancing governance to optimize their contributions to health systems.
More dominant baboons have less and lower quality sleep
Authors: Fele Marco , Christensen Charlotte , Bracken Anna M. , O’Riain M. Justin , Lurgi Miguel , Papadopoulou Marina , Fürtbauer Ines , King Andrew J. 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARYThe amount and quality of sleep individuals get can impact various aspects of human and non-human animal health, ultimately affecting fitness. For wild animals that sleep in groups, individuals may disturb one another, influencing sleep quality and quantity, but this aspect of social sleep has been understudied due to methodological challenges. Here, we test the hypothesis that individual’s social dominance can affect sleep opportunities, by studying sleep patterns in a troop of wild chacma baboons (Papio ursinus), a species with a strong hierarchical social structure. First, we show that the troop’s night-time sleep (determined by 40Hz acceleration data) is highly synchronised. Next, we link night-time sleep dynamics to daytime spatial networks and dominance hierarchy (from 1Hz GPS data and direct observations). We show that baboon sleep synchrony is higher between similarly ranked individuals, and unexpectedly, more dominant baboons experience less and lower-quality sleep. We propose that this hierarchy effect is explained by higher-ranked baboons resting closer to more group members, which also leads them exerting greater influence on each other’s night-time behaviour compared to lower-ranked individuals. Our study provides the first empirical evidence for the impact of social hierarchies on sleep in a wild primate, suggesting that dominance status may impose trade-offs between social rank and the quality and quantity of sleep.