bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Functional Groups at N-Terminus on the Properties and Structures of Crystalline Nano-Cavities in Flexible Peptide Ni(II)-Macrocycles
Authors: Miyake Ryosuke , Minagawa Kao , Sato Yui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To clarify the design strategy for achieving functionality in crystalline multi-component systems comprising cyclic complexes of flexible short peptides, crystalline Ni(II) cyclic complexes were synthesized using two novel dipeptides (2 and 3) possessing different functional groups at the N-terminus of dipeptide 1. X-ray single-crystal structural analysis revealed that 2 and 3 formed tetranuclear cyclic complexes ([Ni4L4]8+), which were also observed for 1. The crystalline packing structure of the cyclic complexes of dipeptide 2 was almost the same as that of the cyclic complexes of dipeptide 1, whereas that of 3 had a different packing structure. The cooperative opening/closing of the crystalline heterogeneous cavity, which demonstrates humidity-responsive cooperative binding in the cyclic complexes of 1, was not observed for the complexes of 2, plausibly because of the decrease in crystalline voids of the latter. In contrast, the amounts for water and alcohol vapor adsorbed at room temperature were almost the same for the open forms of the cyclic complexes of 1 and 2, which was supported by the expansion of the flexible cavities in the crystalline cyclic complexes of 2.
Oncofertility awareness among primary care physicians in India
Authors: Tholeti Prathima , Uppangala Shubhashree , Jayaram Rajesh Kumar , Udupa Karthik S , Kalthur Guruprasad , Spears Norah , Woodruff Teresa , Adiga Satish K 
Published: February 2023

Background: Primary care physicians not only coordinate referrals to oncology services but can play a crucial role in successful fertility preservation referrals in cancer-diagnosed patients. Hence, it is important to assess their knowledge and attitudes towards fertility preservation. Methods: An eighteen-item oncofertility survey was administered to primary care physicians between May 2019 to September 2020. Results: A total of forty-six responses were received and analysed. About 60% of primary care physicians did not have adequate knowledge about available fertility preservation options and only 26-32% were aware of international guidelines recommending fertility preservation in cancer patients. Conclusions: Imparting awareness and knowledge of fertility preservation and its options to primary care physicians could enable an integrated cancer care model while also facilitating successful oncofertility referrals in countries like India.
Forgotten but not gone in rural South Africa: Urinary schistosomiasis and implications for chronic kidney disease screening in endemic countries
Authors: Craik Alison , Gondwe Mwawi , Mayindi Nokthula , Chipungu Shingirai , Khoza Bongekile , Gómez-Olivé Xavier , Tollman Stephen , Frean John , Tomlinson Laurie A. , Fabian June 
Published: February 2023

Background: Urinary schistosomiasis caused by infection with Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) remains endemic in Africa and is associated with haematuria and albuminuria/proteinuria. Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes clinical guidelines recommend evaluating proteinuria/albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate for chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis. The guidelines are informed by population data outside of Africa but have been adopted in many African countries with little validation. Our study aimed to characterise the burden of urinary schistosomiasis in rural South Africa (SA) and evaluate its relationship with markers of kidney dysfunction with implications for CKD screening. Methods: In this population-based cohort study, we recruited 2021 adults aged 20 – 79 years in the Mpumalanga Province, SA. Sociodemographic data were recorded, urinalysis performed, and serum creatinine and urine albumin and creatinine measured. Kidney dysfunction was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60ml/min/1.73m2 and/or urine albumin-creatinine ratio >3.0mg/mmol. S. haematobium infection was determined by urine microscopy. Multivariable analyses were performed to determine relationships between S. haematobium and markers of kidney dysfunction. Results: Data were available for 1226 of 2021 participants. 717 (58.5%) were female and the median age was 35 years (IQR 27 – 47). Prevalence of kidney dysfunction and S. haematobium was 20.2% and 5.1% respectively. S. haematobium was strongly associated with kidney dysfunction (OR 8.66; 95% CI 4.10 – 18.3) and related to albuminuria alone (OR 8.69; 95% CI 4.11 – 18.8), with no evidence of an association with eGFR <90ml/min/1.73m2 (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.05 – 3.59). Discussion: The strong association between urinary schistosomiasis and albuminuria requires careful consideration when screening for CKD. Screening for, and treatment of, schistosomiasis should be a routine part of initial work-up for CKD in S. haematobium endemic areas. Urinary schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, remains a public health concern in the Mpumulanga province of SA.
First dose COVID-19 vaccine coverage amongst adolescents and children in England: an analysis of 3.21 million patients' primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY
Authors: Hopcroft Lisa E. , Curtis Helen J. , Brown Andrew D. , Hulme William J. , Andrews Colm D. , Morton Caroline E. , Inglesby Peter , Morley Jessica , Mehrkar Amir , Bacon Sebastian C. , Eggo Rosalind M. , Mahalingasivam Viyaasan , Parker Edward P. K. , Tomlinson Laurie A. , Bates Christopher , Cockburn Jonathan , Parry John , Hester Frank , Harper Sam , Goldacre Ben , Walker Alex J. , MacKenna Brian 
Published: February 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programme in England was extended to include all adolescents and children by April 2022. The aim of this paper is to describe trends and variation in vaccine coverage in different clinical and demographic groups amongst adolescents and children in England. Methods: With the approval of NHS England, a cohort study was conducted of 3.21 million children and adolescents’ records in general practice in England, in situ and within the infrastructure of the electronic health record software vendor TPP using OpenSAFELY. Vaccine coverage across various demographic (sex, deprivation index and ethnicity) and clinical (risk status) populations is described. Results: Coverage is higher amongst adolescents than it is amongst children, with 53.5% adolescents and 10.8% children having received their first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Within those groups, coverage varies by ethnicity, deprivation index and risk status; there is no evidence of variation by sex. Conclusion: First dose COVID-19 vaccine coverage is shown to vary amongst various demographic and clinical groups of children and adolescents.
Female genital mutilation in high-income countries: knowledge and experience among health professionals
Authors: Sheerin Brooke , Jefferson Emma , Chang Yan-Shing 
Published: February 2023

Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a cultural practice with numerous negative health consequences. Due to migration from countries where FGM is prevalent into high-income countries, there is increased awareness within non-practising communities, with emphasis on FGM's illegal nature and the negative impacts on women. It is therefore vital for health professionals to be knowledgeable to provide adequate patient care. Aim: This review aimed to synthesise literature to report the understanding and experiences of health professionals caring for females affected by FGM in high-income countries. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on three databases: Medline, Embase, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the papers. Findings from included papers were synthesised using thematic synthesis. Findings: Eight articles met the criteria. Four themes were generated: FGM knowledge, training, attitudes and caring for FGM patients. Conclusion: Health professionals' knowledge and experiences of FGM tend to be varied. This review highlights the need of training for health professionals in high-income countries to strengthen their FGM knowledge.
Rapid upskilling about COVID-19 vaccines: an evaluation of a novel interprofessional education workshop
Authors: Hemingway Steve , Sam-Okerenta Chinyere , Kittrick Abbey , Hanson Victoria , Arrey Sally , Stephenson John , Gorton Hayley 
Published: February 2023

Background: An inter-professional education (IPE) workshop centred around newly approved COVID-19 vaccination was attended by 77 nursing and pharmacy students. Aim: To embed and evaluate the implementation of a virtual IPE workshop, and to upskill undergraduate nursing and pharmacy students about the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: The workshop was evaluated using a questionnaire completed by participants from both disciplines. A focus group was conducted with the IPE facilitators. Results: 77 students out of a potential 400 attended the workshop (19% attendance). Of the 77 participants, 44 (23 nursing, 21 pharmacy) completed the questionnaire (57%), rating the content highly. There was overall positivity toward working interprofessionally, and there was no evidence of significant differences between how the two groups of students rated the workshop. Qualitative findings from students and facilitators corroborated the supposition that the workshop would enhance professional development. Thus, the workshop was successful in facilitating interprofessional interactions, with students all working collaboratively toward the same goal, the ultimate purpose of IPE. It was agreed that such an event should be included as part of the student curricula. Conclusion: Implementing an IPE event that includes real-time healthcare priorities can contribute to optimising students' healthcare education. More high-quality longitudinal research is needed to understand the impact of such sessions on students' competence and confidence.
Developing a core outcome set for hand fractures and joint injuries in adults
Authors: Deshmukh Sandeep R. , Kirkham Jamie J. , Karantana Alexia 
Published: February 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to develop a core outcome set of what to measure in all future clinical research on hand fractures and joint injuries in adults.MethodsPhase 1 consisted of steps to identify potential outcome domains through systematic review of published studies, and exploration of the patient perspective through qualitative research, consisting of 25 semi-structured interviews and five focus groups. Phase 2 involved key stakeholder groups (patients, hand surgeons, and hand therapists) prioritizing the outcome domains via a three-round international Delphi survey, with a final consensus meeting to agree the final core outcome set.ResultsThe systematic review of 160 studies identified 74 outcome domains based on the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Overall, 35 domains were generated through thematic analysis of the patient interviews and focus groups. The domains from these elements were synthesised to develop 37 outcome domains as the basis of the Delphi survey, with a further four generated from participant suggestions in Round 1. The Delphi survey identified 20 outcome domains as ‘very important’ for the core outcome set. At the consensus meeting, 27 participants from key stakeholder groups selected seven outcomes for the core outcome set: pain/discomfort with activity, pain/discomfort with rest, fine hand use/dexterity, self-hygiene/personal care, return to usual work/job, range of motion, and patient satisfaction with outcome/result.ConclusionThis set of core outcome domains is recommended as a minimum to be reported in all clinical research on hand fractures and joint injuries in adults. While this establishes what to measure, future work will focus on determining how best to measure these outcomes. By adopting this patient-centred core outcome set, consistency and comparability of studies will be improved, aiding meta-analysis and strengthening the evidence base for management of these common and impactful injuries.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(2):87–95.
Uncemented total hip arthroplasty with a tapered titanium femoral component: a minimum 30-year follow-up
Authors: McLaughlin Jeffrey R. , Johnson Mary A. , Lee Kyla R. 
Published: February 2023

AimsThe purpose of this study is to report our updated results at a minimum follow-up of 30 years using a first generation uncemented tapered femoral component in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).MethodsThe original cohort consisted of 145 consecutive THAs performed by a single surgeon in 138 patients. A total of 37 patients (40 hips) survived a minimum of 30 years, and are the focus of this review. The femoral component used in all cases was a first-generation Taperloc with a non-modular 28 mm femoral head. Clinical follow-up at a minimum of 30 years was obtained on every living patient. Radiological follow-up at 30 years was obtained on all but four.ResultsSeven femoral components (18%) required revision, and none for septic loosening. Four well fixed stems were removed during acetabular revision and three were revised for late infection. One femoral component (3%) was loose by radiological criteria. The mean Harris Hip Score improved from 47 points (SD 4.62) preoperatively to 83 points (SD 9.27) at final follow-up. With revision for any reason as the endpoint, survival of the femoral component was 80% (95% confidence interval (CI) 61% to 90%) at 32 years. With revision for aseptic loosing femoral component, survival was 99% (95% CI 93% to 99%).ConclusionWith regards to aseptic loosening, the Taperloc femoral component provides excellent fixation at a mean follow-up of 32 years.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(2):79–86.
Highly reconfigurable silicon integrated microwave photonic filter towards next-generation wireless communication
Authors: Tao Zihan , Tao Yuansheng , Jin Ming , Qin Jun , Chen Ruixuan , Shen Bitao , Wu Yichen , Shu Haowen , Yu Shaohua , Wang Xingjun 
Published: February 2023

Integrated microwave photonic filters (IMPFs) are capable of offering unparalleled performances in terms of superb spectral fineness, broadband, and more importantly, the reconfigurability, which encounter the trend of the next-generation wireless communication. However, to achieve high reconfigurability, previous works should adopt complicated system structures and modulation formats, which put great pressure on power consumption and controlment, and, therefore, impede the massive deployment of IMPF. Here, we propose a streamlined architecture for a wideband and highly reconfigurable IMPF on the silicon photonics platform. For various practical filter responses, to avoid complex auxiliary devices and bias drift problems, a phase-modulated flexible sideband cancellation method is employed based on the intensity-consistent single-stage-adjustable cascaded-microring (ICSSA-CM). The IMPF exhibits an operation band extending to millimeter-wave (≥30  GHz), and other extraordinary performances including high spectral resolution of 220 MHz and large rejection ratio of 60 dB are obtained. Moreover, Gb/s-level RF wireless communications are demonstrated for the first time towards real-world scenarios. The proposed IMPF provides broadband flexible spectrum control capabilities, showing great potential in the next-generation wireless communication.
Community myths and misconceptions about sexual health in Tanzania: Stakeholders’ views from a qualitative study in Dar es Salaam Tanzania
Authors: Lukumay Gift G. , Mgopa Lucy R. , Mushy Stella E. , Rosser B. R. Simon , Massae Agnes F. , Mkonyi Ever , Mohammed Inari , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Trent Maria , Wadley James , Ross Michael W. , Bonilla Zobeida , Leshabari Sebalda 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Sexual and reproductive health problems are one of the top five risk factors for disability in the developing world. The rates of sexual health problems in most African countries are overwhelming, which is why HIV and other STIs are still such a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Talking about sex in most African countries is a taboo, leading to common myths and misconceptions that ultimately impact community sexual health.

Methods
In this study, we conducted 11 key stakeholder individual interviews with community, religious, political, and health leaders (sexual health stakeholders) in Tanzania. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze all the materials.

Results
Two main categories merged from the analysis. The first category, “Ambiguities about sexual health” focused on societal and political misconceptions and identified ten myths or misconceptions common in Tanzania. Stakeholders highlighted the confusion that happens when different information about sexual health is presented from two different sources (e.g., community leaders/peers and political leaders), which leaves the community and community leaders unsure which one is reliable. The second category, “Practical dilemmas in serving clients”, addressed a range of professional and religious dilemmas in addressing sexual health concerns. This included the inability of religious leaders and health care providers to provide appropriate sexual health care because of internal or external influences.

Conclusion
Myths and misconceptions surrounding sexual health can prevent communities from adequately addressing sexual health concerns, and make it more difficult for healthcare providers to comfortably provide sexual health care to patients and communities. Stakeholders affirmed a need to develop a sexual health curriculum for medical, nursing and midwifery students because of the lack of education in this area. Such a curriculum needs to address nine common myths which were identified through the interviews.
“Feel the need to prepare for Armageddon even though I do not believe it will happen”: Women Veterans’ Firearm Beliefs and Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Associations with Military Sexual Assault and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Monteith Lindsey L. , Miller Christin N. , Polzer Evan , Holliday Ryan , Hoffmire Claire A. , Iglesias Christe’An D. , Schneider Alexandra L. , Brenner Lisa A. , Simonetti Joseph A. 
Published: February 2023

Aims
Firearm purchasing increased within the U.S. during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. While rates of firearm ownership and suicide are elevated among women Veterans compared to women non-Veterans, no studies have examined if and how firearm beliefs and behaviors changed among women Veterans during the pandemic. We examined women Veterans’ changes in firearm beliefs and engagement in firearm behaviors during the early pandemic era.

Method
3,000 post-9/11 era women Veterans were invited to participate in a survey. 501 respondents (May-December 2020) comprised the sample for this concurrent nested mixed-method analysis. Thematic analysis and log-binomial regression were used.

Results
13.88% (n = 69) of women Veterans in our sample reported changes in their firearm beliefs; 22.15% (n = 109) reported engaging in firearm behaviors. The most prevalent reported behaviors were making household firearms more accessible (16.13%) and purchasing ammunition (11.97%). Smaller percentages reported carrying a firearm more frequently (6.71%), loading previously unloaded firearms (5.69%), or purchasing a firearm (4.24%). Thematic analysis suggested firearm behaviors were likely driven by a perceived increased need to protect oneself, family, and property due to: (1) uncertainties brought on by the pandemic; (2) pandemic-related threats necessitating self-defense, preparedness, and self-sufficiency; (3) political, social, and racial unrest and protests. PTSD symptom severity and military sexual assault history were associated with higher prevalence of changes in firearm beliefs and engagement in firearm behaviors during the pandemic.

Discussion
Consideration of women Veterans’ prior experiences and pandemic-related factors may be necessary to contextualize firearm discussions and inform future research. Given associations of military sexual assault and PTSD symptoms with firearm beliefs and behaviors, it may be crucial to ensure that such discussion are trauma-informed.
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T is associated with disease activity in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Nguyen Thao H. P. , Fagerland Morten Wang , Hollan Ivana , Whist Jon Elling , Feinberg Mark W. , Agewall Stefan 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To investigate whether high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hsTnT) correlates to markers of disease activity in inflammatory arthritis (IA), and whether antirheumatic treatment influences hsTnT levels.

Methods
We assessed 115 patients with active IA (64 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 31 psoriatic arthritis and 20 ankylosing spondylitis) before and after using methotrexate (MTX) alone or tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) with or without MTX co-medication (TNFi±MTX). All patients starting with TNFi had been previously unsuccessfully treated with MTX monotherapy. HsTnT (measured in serum by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Elecsys® Troponin T- high-sensitivity)), and other clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated at baseline, and after 6 weeks and 6 months of treatment.

Results
Of markers of disease activity, baseline levels of hsTnT positively correlated with Physicians’ Global Assessment Score of disease activity in the total patient cohort (p = 0.039). In RA group, hsTnT positively correlated with swollen joints, Disease Activity Score for 28 joints with ESR and serum tumor necrosis factor levels (p = 0.025, p = 0.008, p = 0.01, respectively). Median hsTnT at baseline was 5.0 ng/L, and did not change significantly at 6-week visit (6.0 ng/L, p = 0.37) and 6-month visit (6.0 ng/L, p = 0.18) with either antirheumatic therapy.

Conclusions
HsTnT levels were associated with inflammatory markers for IA disease activity. However, while inflammatory markers significantly improved after antirheumatic treatment, hsTnT did not change during the 6-month follow-up period.