bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of cortical excitatory/inhibitory imbalance in autism spectrum disorders from a symptom severity trajectories framework: a study protocol
Authors: Colomar Laura , Cáceres Antonia San José , Álvarez-Linera Juan , González-Peñas Javier , Patón Abigail Huertas , de Blas Daniel Martín , Arrondo Ana Paloma Polo , Solís Andrea , Jones Emily , Parellada Mara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background. There is considerable evidence reporting an excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) cortical imbalance in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous findings on the direction of this imbalance and its relationship to ASD symptomatology are heterogeneous. Some factors contributing to these mixed results might be the methodological differences between studies assessing the E/I ratio and the intrinsic variability within the autistic spectrum. Studying the evolution of ASD symptoms and the factors that modulate it might help to explain and reduce this variability. Here we present a study protocol to explore the longitudinal role of E/I imbalance in ASD symptoms, combining different approaches to measure the E/I ratio and using the trajectories of symptom severity as a framework. Methods. This observational two time-point prospective study assesses the E/I ratio and the evolution of the behavioural symptoms in a sample of at least 98 participants with ASD. Participants are enrolled at 12 to 72 months of age and followed from 18 to 48 months after. A comprehensive battery of tests is applied to evaluate ASD clinical symptoms. The E/I ratio is approached from electrophysiology, magnetic resonance, and genetics. We will calculate the individual change for the main ASD symptoms and, based on that, we will define the trajectories of symptom severity. Then, we will investigate the correlation between measures of excitation/inhibition balance and autistic symptomatology cross-sectionally, as well as the ability of these measurements to predict changes in symptoms over time. Discussion. This study presents a robust multisystemic approach to the E/I imbalance theory in autism and its relation to divergent symptom trajectories. That setting will allow us to relate and compare the neurobiological information coming from different sources and its impact on behavioural symptoms while accounting for the high variability in ASD. The findings derived from this study could contribute to the ASD biomarkers research and might provide valuable evidence for the development of more personalized treatments in ASD.
Deep learning-based reconstruction: validation for treatment planning CT
Authors: Yasui Keisuke , Saito Yasunori , Ito Azumi , Douwaki Momoka , Ogawa Shuta , Kasugai Yuri , Ooe Hiromu , Nagake Yuya , Hayashi Naoki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Deep learning-based CT image reconstruction (DLR) is a state-of-the-art method for obtaining CT images. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of DLR in radiotherapy. Data were acquired using a large-bore CT system and an electron density phantom for radiotherapy. We compared the CT values, image noise, and CT value-to-electron density conversion table of DLR and hybrid iterative reconstruction (H-IR) for various doses. Further, we evaluated three DLR reconstruction strength patterns (Mild, Standard, and Strong). The variations of CT values of DLR and H-IR were large at low doses, and the difference in average CT values was insignificant with less than 10 HU at doses of 100 mAs and above. DLR showed less change in CT values and smaller image noise relative to H-IR. The noise-reduction effect was particularly large in the low-dose region. The difference in image noise between DLR Mild and Standard/Strong was large, suggesting the usefulness of reconstruction intensities higher than Mild. DLR showed stable CT values and low image noise for various materials, even at low doses; particularly for Standard or Strong, the reduction in image noise was significant. These findings indicate the usefulness of DLR in treatment planning using large-bore CT systems.
Novel aminopyridazine derivative of minaprine modified by radiolysis presents potent anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 and DH82 macrophage cells
Authors: Jeong Gyeong Han , Lee Hanui , Woo So-Yeun , Lee Hong-Ki , Chung Byung Yeoup , Bai Hyoung-Woo W. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Radiation molecularly transforms naturally occurring products by inducing the methoxylation, hydroxylation, and alkylation of parent compounds, thereby affecting the anti-inflammatory capacities of those compounds. Minaprine (1) modified by ionizing radiation generated the novel hydroxymethylated hydropyridazine minaprinol (2), and its chemical structure was determined based on NMR and HRESIMS spectra. Compared to the original minaprine, the novel generated product showed a highly enhanced anti-inflammatory capacity inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 and DH82 macrophage cells. In addition, minaprinol effectively inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) at the protein level and pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10) production in macrophages.
Investigation of Resonant Properties of Metamaterial THz Modulators Fabricated from Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films
Authors: Zeybek Sehriban , Demirhan Yasemin , Noori Aileen , Tugay Halime , Altan Hakan , Sabah Cumali , Aygun Gulnur , Ozyuzer Lutfi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The metal to insulator transition (MIT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) has played a key role in development of devices in the terahertz frequency range. In the present study, the use of VO2 patterned as a metamaterial surface or coupled as a homogeneous layer with a metallic metamaterial surface on top is investigated in terms of performance. High quality VO2 thin films were deposited on c-cut sapphire substrates by using the dc magnetron sputtering technique. A change in resistivity by a factor of 104 MIT in VO2 was observed allowing to investigate its use as a controllable metamaterial. The layer was patterned using a unique geometry (four-cross shaped) that operates in the THz frequency range. To understand its performance as a tunable THz filter, the four-cross structure fabricated from VO2 is compared to one fabricated from Au on VO2 bare film using UV lithography and ion beam etching techniques. The spectral performances of metamaterials was assesed using THz-Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and results were compared with simulations based on CST Microwave Studio. Absence of the resonant effects in the purely developed VO2 device while clear observation of the MIT behavior shows the strong dependency of the inductive and/or capacitive effets of the four-cross structure on conductivity of the surface metamaterial which is clearly observable for the Au-based device. In the latter case, the resonant transmittance of the filter can be effectively modulated by change in temperature.
Effect of methylphenidate on height in pediatric attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Duong Khanh Linh , Yang Bo Ram , Yun Hwi-yeol , Chae Jung-woo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH), a first-line treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) management, has been the focus of debate for decades regarding its effect on growth. The aim of this PRISMA meta-analysis was to determine the effect of MPH on height in children/adolescents with ADHD, along with factors predictive of this effect. Available full-text articles were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies of pediatric ADHD patients with height Z-score (HZS) data for monotherapy MPH-treated and non-treated groups. We estimated standardized mean differences (SMDs) of HZS or its changes from baseline (ΔHZS) between groups, then identified associated factors through subgroup analyses and meta-regression. For before-after treatment studies, the paired standard errors of ΔHZS were re-estimated to demonstrate in the forest plot. Risk of bias was analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Among the 29 eligible studies, 26 before-after studies reported ΔHZS with self-control groups, whereas 11 compared ΔHZS or absolute HZS to other external (healthy/non-medicated) controls. A significant reduction was observed in the post-medicated group compared to the pre-medicated group, with high heterogeneity (SMD = -0.40; 95% confidence interval = [-0.54; -0.27]; I2 = 91%). The study region, ADHD subtype, and stimulant-naïve status of patients at baseline may modify the effect on HZS. Because of the high clinical heterogeneity in observational studies, clinicians should consider the negative effect of MPH on height in ADHD patients by determining whether patients fulfill appropriate high-risk criteria. Further investigations are needed to identify the mechanism and the impact of reduction on the height reached in adulthood.
Sortilin-mediated translocation of ACSL1 impairs non-shivering thermogenesis
Authors: Chen Yong , Yang Min , Zhu Zengzhe , He Rui , Li Danpei , Wang Zhihan , Xie Yuyu , Wang Huanyu , Deng Hongyan , Liu Jiadai , Yu Xuefeng , Pan Ruping , Maretich Pema , Kajimura Shingo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Obesity and its related metabolic disorders are caused by an imbalance between homeostatic energy consumption and expenditure. Brown and beige adipose tissues have been shown to be protective against these diseases due to their critical roles in non-shivering thermogenesis; additionally, adrenergic innervation of these cells promotes lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation1. A key enzyme promoting fatty acid oxidation in adipose tissues, particularly in response to cold-stimulus, is mitochondrial acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1(ACSL1)2 However, the regulatory mechanism of the subcellular localization of ACSL1 in adipocytes remains poorly understood. Here, we identify an endosomal trafficking component sortilin (encoded by Sort1) in adipose tissues that facilitates the translocation of ACSL1 from mitochondria to lysosome for further degradation. In brown and beige adipose tissues, sortilin is downregulated upon adrenergic stimulation but its levels are restored to baseline after the stimulus is withdrawn. Depletion of Sort1 in adipocytes results in an increase in whole body energy expenditure. Moreover, mice with adipose-specific Sort1 depletion are resistant to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Collectively, our findings identify sortilin as a promising therapeutic target that negatively regulates non-shivering thermogenesis in adipocytes by promoting the translocation of ACSL1 from the mitochondria to lysosome.
Bank Loan Classification of Imbalanced Dataset Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Babo Soreti Bekele , Beyene Asrat Mulatu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Before giving loans to borrowers, banks decide whether the borrower is bad (defaulter) or good (non-defaulter). The prediction of borrower status whether the borrower will be a defaulter or a non-defaulter is not an easy task to the loan providing entity. In machine learning, building an automated loan default classification system is an optimization problem with an ultimate objective of improving loaner classification in loan decision making. However, this problem becomes difficult when there is a profile of imbalanced data since the classifier may misclassify the rare samples from the minority class. To solve this problem, we used a Modified Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (MSMOTE). It is an oversampling technique where synthetic data of the minority class is generated to balance with the majority class. This is combined with ensemble classifier technique to further improve the performance of bank loan prediction systems. MSMOTE is a variant of Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithm. Bagging- and boosting- based ensemble techniques are applied on the imbalanced dataset to improve the performance of loan prediction. The dataset is gathered from Kaggle to validate the proposed scheme. Experimental results show that, among others, the proposed model, MSMOTE, when combined with adaptive boosting resulted in 95% of precision and accuracy. Whereas, MSMOTE combined with Bagging and Random Forest resulted in 99% of precision and accuracy.
TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Targets of Andrographolide on LPS-induced Liver Injury
Authors: shihao ge , Lian Wenqi , Bai Yongjiang , Wang Linzheng , Zhao Fuwei , Li Houmei , Wang Dongliang , Pang Quanhai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Andrographolide is a diterpenoid derived from Andrographis paniculate, which has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and hepatoprotective activities. Gram-negative bacterial infections can cause varying degrees of liver injury in chickens, although andrographolide has been shown to have a protective effect on the liver, its underlying mechanism of action and effects on liver proteins are not known. Methods The toxicity of andrographolide on the viability of LMH cells at different concentrations and times was analyzed by CCK-8 assays. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in the culture supernatants were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer to evaluate the protective effect of androscopolide on LPS-induced injury of LMH cells. Subsequently, TMT proteomics analysis were performed on the NC, LPS, and LPS-Andro groups, and bioinformatics analysis was performed on the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Results It was found that andrographolide reduced ALT and AST levels in the cell supernatant and alleviated LPS-induced injury in LMH cells. Proteomic analysis identified 50 and 166 differentially expressed proteins in the LPS vs NC group and LPS-Andro vs LPS group, respectively. Andrographolide may be involved in steroid metabolic processes, negative regulation of MAPK cascade, oxidative stress, and other processes to protect against LPS-induced liver injury. Conclusions Andrographolide protects against LPS-induced liver injury, HMGCS1, HMGCR, FDPS, PBK, CAV1, PRDX1, PRDX4, and PRDX6, which were identified by differential proteomics, may be the targets of andrographolide. Our study may provide new theoretical support for andrographolide protection against liver injury.
A single cell atlas of in vitro multi-systems uncovers in vivo lineage trajectory and cell state in the human lung
Authors: Kim Jong-Il , Lee Woochan , Lee Seyoon , Yoon Jung-Ki , Lee Dakyung , Kim Yuri , Han Yeon Bi , Kim Rokhyun , Moon Sungji , Park Young Jun , Park Kyunghyuk , Cha Bukyoung , Choi Jaeyong , Kim Juhyun , Ha Na-young , Kim Kwhanmien , Cho Sukki , Cho Nam-Hyuk , Desai Tushar , Chung Jin-Haeng , Lee Joo-Hyeon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present an in-depth single cell atlas of in vitro multi-culture systems on human primary airway epithelium derived from normal and diseased lungs of 27 individual donors. Our large-scale single cell profiling identifies new cell states and differentiation trajectories of rare airway epithelial cell types in human distal lungs. By integrating single cell datasets of human lung tissues, we discover immune primed subsets enriched in lungs and organoids derived from patients with chronic respiratory disease. To demonstrate the full potential of our platform, we further illustrate transcriptomic responses to various respiratory virus infections in in vitro airway models. Our work constitutes a single-cell roadmap for the cellular and molecular characteristics of human primary lung cells in vitro and their relevance to human tissues in vivo.
A posterior inferior cerebellar artery of C2 transverse foramen level origin that entered the spinal canal via the C1/2 intervertebral space demonstrated by computed tomography angiography
Authors: Uchino Akira , Kakehi Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To describe a case of a posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) of C2 transverse foramen level vertebral artery (VA) origin that entered the spinal canal via the C1/2 intervertebral space.
Case report: A 48-year-old man with posterior neck pain underwent computed tomography (CT) angiography and selective left vertebral angiography. Arterial dissection was found at the distal V2 segment of the left VA on subtracted CT angiography. The left PICA arising from the VA at the level of C2 transverse foramen was identified on CT angiography with bone imaging. This PICA of extracranial origin entered the spinal canal via the C1/2 intervertebral space, just like a PICA of C1/2 level origin.
Discussion: The origins of PICAs show several variations. PICAs originating at the extracranial C1/2 level VA are relatively rare, with a reported prevalence of approximately 1%. Our patient had a left PICA arising from the VA at the level of the C2 transverse foramen. No similar cases have been reported in the relevant English-language literature. We speculated that the proximal short segment of the PICA arising from the C1/2 level VA regressed incidentally and that the distal segment of the PICA was supplied by the muscular branch of the VA arising from the level of the C2 transverse foramen.
Conclusion: We reported the first case of PICA arising from the C2 transverse foramen level VA. CT angiography with bone imaging is useful for identifying a PICA arising from the extracranial VA.
Correlations between phenotype and gene region-specific episignatures in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and Menke-Hennekam syndrome
Authors: Tang Yanan , Ye Xiantao , Zhan Yongkun , Zhang Kaichuang , Qiu Wenjuan , Yang WenQing , Gu Xuefan , Yu Yongguo , Xiao Bing , Sun Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) and Menke-Hennekam syndrome (MKHK) are two rare Mendelian disorders presented with variable degrees of intellectual disability and different facial dysmorphism. They are caused by loss-of-function (LOF) variants or missense/inframe deletion variants in the exon 30 and 31 of the CREBBP gene respectively, which is involved in histone modification and chromatin remodeling. Genetic defects in numerous genes have been found to disrupt epigenomic profiles including DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns (referred as episignature) in affected individuals. To further investigate the mechanism of CREBBPrelated disorders, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are applied to study the DNAm alteration.
Results: We presented RSTS and MKHK individuals with distinct clinical features. Detailed phenotype analysis showed that RSTS patients with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay evasion (NMD-evasion) variants had atypical facial dysmorphism and severer medical problems compared to the classical RSTS caused by LOF CREBBP variants. MKHK patients with variants in intrinsically disordered region (IDR) showed resemblant features. Further investigations elucidated these clinical conditions in methylation change. Genome-wide DNAm analysis of 9 RSTS and 8 MKHK patients and 33 controls identified two specific peripheral blood episignatures: RSTS and MKHK_IDR compared to matched normal controls. Methylation alterations in RSTS cases with NMD-evasion variants were mildly different from that of classical RSTS. MKHK subjects with variants outside the IDR did not obey the MKHK_IDR episignature. By interrogating DNAm in hiPSCs of 5 RSTS, 4 MKHK compared with 12 controls, we observed hypermethylated DNAm profiles of RSTS and MKHK in embryonic stage. Different methylation regions (DMRs) overlapping genes in hiPSCs of RSTS and MKHK play a role in embryonic development and organogenesis. Furthermore, DNAm patterns for hiPSCs of RSTS and MKHK were enriched for genes relevant for multicellular organismal homeostasis or transcriptional binding.
Conclusions:
We identified the type and locus of variants in the CREBBP gene as responsible for the RSTS and MKHK episignatures, consistent with phenotype analysis. DNAm profile analysis of hiPSCs revealed meaningful biological processes associated with embryonic development.
Surviving COVID-19 according to race: evidence by a Brazilian retrospective cohort
Authors: Pastura Danielle Cristina Lourenço dos Santos , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic did not impact and still now does not impact people homogeneously. In Brazil, race shows itself as an important difference in health events, including COVID-19 outcomes. We observed, during the pandemic, a higher lethality pattern among black and brown populations. Considering the most important factor for the disease severity in Brazil are, in order of relevance, age, socioeconomic factors and, only then, comorbidities, and that black and brown Brazilians have much poorer socioeconomic conditions compared to white people, we can understand these populations as part of a group under greater risk of aggravation by COVID-19. Besides, it is known that black and brown people face more difficulties to access healthcare services, a way that sometimes they are not even aware of the comorbidities possessed, which can potentially aggravate COVID-19, or present fewer possibilities to control these diseases. Nonetheless, intrinsic, institutional, and structural racism, a health social determinant shown by many indicators such as mortality rates of black and brown populations, presents itself in all healthcare levels in Brazil. Thus, this study aims to analyze the racial differential for COVID-19 survival amongst hospitalized patients in Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 pandemic. We performed a survival analysis from selected notifications of COVID-19-induced induced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Rio de Janeiro from the date of the first death registered in Brazil to the end of the Public Healthcare Emergency of National Interest, in order to evaluate the times between the first symptoms and hospitalization; hospitalization and outcome (death); and first symptoms and outcomes (death), relating those to the variable of interest race and the covariables age; sex; presence or absence of major signs/symptoms; presence or absence of multimorbidities; resident of Rio de Janeiro or not; resident of urban/rural areas; ICU hospitalization or not. With that, we aim to characterize hospitalized COVID-19 cases in Rio de Janeiro regarding sociodemographic and clinical variables, describe the course between initial symptomatology and outcomes of the in-patients who utterly passed, analyze the survival probability of in-patients according to their race/skin color; relate social health determinants aspects to the survival rates of the hospitalized patients.
Standard Precipitation Index for drought severity assessment in Bharuch District, Gujarat, INDIA
Authors: Jariwala K. A. , Agnihotri P. G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Drought is one of the adverse impacts of climate crisis and it operates on many different timescales. Droughts are occurring more often each year in different areas of India. Many negative effects on the environment, society, and the economy can result from drought. By determining the severity and length of the drought, drought assessment may be used to determine adaptation and mitigation strategies for addressing the climate problem. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is an indicator to measure the rainfall deficit over various periods, which is used to study drought in the particular location. Thus, it is crucial to evaluate the drought condition quantitatively. The outcome highlights the potential that SPI demonstrates in identifying droughts and making use of rainfall that is directly connected to the execution of drought relief policies and measures in the Bharuch area.