bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of traditional Chinese exercises in improving anthropometric and biochemical indicators in overweight and obese subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Qianfang , Wang Fan , Pan Limin , Ye Ting 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise (TCE)-based intervention in the improvement of anthropometric and biochemical indicators in overweight and obese patients is controversial. In this regard, the aim of this review was to summarize the evidence of TCE interventions to evaluate their effectiveness on the anthropometric and biochemical indicators of overweight and obese patients.

Method:
Five databases were systematically searched for relevant articles published from inception to October 2022. Randomized controlled trials examining TCE intervention in overweight and obese patients The treatment effects were estimated using a random-effect meta-analysis model with standardized mean differences (Hedges’ g). The categorical and continuous variables were used to conduct moderator analyses. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (identifier CRD42022377632).

Result:
Nine studies involving a total of 1297 participants were included in the final analysis. In the anthropometric indicators outcomes, the meta-analytic findings revealed large and significant improvements in body mass index (g = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27–1.61, P = .000, I
2 = 99%), weight (g = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.25–1.68, P = .000, I
2 = 95%), fat percentage (g = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.52–1.93, P = .000, I
2 = 93%), and small and significant improvements in waist circumference (g = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.21–0.54, P = .000, I
2 = 99%). In the biochemical indicators outcomes, the findings revealed large and significant improvements in low density lipoprotein (g = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.80–2.37, P = .000, I
2 = 98%), moderate and significant improvements in triglyceride (g = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.56–0.81, P = .000, I
2 = 96%), small and significant improvements in total cholesterol (g = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.19–0.54, P = .000, I
2 = 77%), and high-density lipoprotein (g = −0.71, 95% CI = −0.86 to 0.57, P = .000, I
2 = 99%). The moderator shows that the effects of TCE on anthropometric and biochemical indicators were moderated by frequency of exercise, exercise duration, and type of control group.

Conclusion:
TCE intervention is a beneficial non-pharmacological approach to improving anthropometric and biochemical indicators in overweight and obese subjects, especially in body mass index, weight, fat percentage, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein. The clinical relevance of our findings is pending more extensive trials and more rigorous study designs to strengthen the evidence.
Effects of elongation longitudinaux avec decoaption osteo-articulaire and post-facilitation stretching technique on pain and functional disability in mobile users with text neck syndrome during COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Farooq Maryam , Bashir Muhammad Salman , Arif Abida , Kashif Muhammad , Manzoor Nosheen , Abid Farwa 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Adolescent smartphone users have developed a variety of musculoskeletal conditions due to their use of smartphones. ELDOA (Elongation longitudinaux avec decoaption osteo-articulaire) is based on maximizing facial and spinal stretching by assuming specific posture for 1 minute and post facilitation stretching is also a type of muscle energy technique that is used for chronically shortened or tight muscles. This aimed to compare the effects of post-facilitation stretching technique and ELDOA on neck pain and functional disability in mobile users experiencing Text neck syndrome during COVID-19.

Methods:
This single-blinded randomized control trial with a parallel group design was conducted at the Department of Physiotherapy Safi Hospital (Faisalabad, Pakistan) from September 2021 to April 2022. Forty smartphone users between the ages of 18 and 35 who had a Neck Disability Index score of >10 due to neck pain without unilateral arm symptoms participated in the study. Of the 40 participants, twenty were randomly assigned to the ELDOA group and twenty were assigned to the post facilitation stretching group, and each group received 3 weekly sessions of treatment for 6 weeks. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) were used to measure pain intensity, functional disability, and smartphone addiction at baseline and after 18 sessions of treatment. SPSS version 22 was used to enter and analyze the data. To find comparisons between groups an independent sample t test was used, and a paired sample t test was used to find the difference within each group.

Results:
Post-treatment values showed statistically significant difference between groups. ELDOA group showed greater improvement in pain (P < .03) with 95% CI [−1.33, −0.068] and functional disability (P < .05) with 95% CI [−4.44, 0.143] at 6th week. There was no statistically significant difference (P = .35) with 95% CI [−28.6, 10.4] between the two groups regarding smartphone addiction. The NPRS, NDI, SAS scores were significantly different within each group with P < .05.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that ELDOA method and post-facilitation stretching both were effective in treating neck pain and functional disability. However, ELDOA method was superior to post-facilitation stretching effects on neck pain and functional disability among patients with text neck syndrome.
Efficacy of acupuncture combined with oral Chinese medicine in the treatment of arrhythmia: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ning Sisi , Yan Lei , Li Yan , Cui Zhaoqiang , Wang Yun , Shi Jiawei , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: March 2023

Background:
At present, Western medicine treatment methods for arrhythmia emerge in an endless stream, but the accompanying side effects are also exposed, which brings pressure on medical resources and social economy. In recent years, the advantages of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the control of arrhythmia have become increasingly prominent. Neiguan (PC6) is the collateral point in pericardium meridian; acupuncture at Neiguan can nourish the heart and calm the mind, and also plays an important role in treating arrhythmias. There is currently a lack of evidence-based medical evidence for the combination of acupuncture and TCM in the treatment of arrhythmia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acupuncture combined with oral TCM in the treatment of arrhythmia.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials published from the inception of databases to June 2022 were reviewed by searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang databases. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used for the meta-analysis after the reviewers scanned the literature, extracted information, and identified the risk of bias.

Results:
Eleven randomized controlled trials with 804 patients were reviewed, including 402 and 402 patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significant benefit of acupuncture plus oral TCM in terms of clinical effectiveness compared with oral TCM alone (n = 696; relative risk (RR), 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14 to 1.30; P < .00001) and in lowering the number of premature beats in 24 hours (n = 374; standard mean difference, −10,55; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) −14.61 to −6.49; P < .00001). Acupuncture plus oral TCM was also found to improve the conversion rate (n = 168; RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14–1.52; P = .0002) and increase the left ventricular ejection fraction (n = 250; mean difference, 6.57; 95% CI, 4.11–9.04; P < .00001), but it had no significant increase in adverse events (n = 262; RR, 0.57; 95% CI 0.30–1.09; P = .09).

Conclusion:
Compared with oral TCM alone, acupuncture combined with oral TCM showed a clear benefit in treating arrhythmias and had no increase in adverse events.
Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma followed by a fatal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Yamaguchi Atsushi , Kato Naohiro , Sugata Shuhei , Hamada Takuro , Furuya Nao , Mizumoto Takeshi , Tamaru Yuzuru , Kusunoki Ryusaku , Kuwai Toshio , Kouno Hirotaka , Kido Miki , Ito Takuo , Kuraoka Kazuya , Kohno Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Recently, the incidence of polyoncosis has been increasing due to advancements in treatment, such as antitumor therapy, which led to a prolonged survival. However, few patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) develop second tumors, which render a poor prognosis. We report a rare case of PDAC, which is metachronous with a fatal malignant lymphoma (ML).

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old woman who had been monitored due to liver cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis C virus infection presented with a 10-mm pancreatic head cancer with lung metastasis and had started an anticancer therapy with gemcitabine. Approximately 18 months after diagnosis, lymphadenopathies around the pancreas were noted, which eventually spread to the entire body over time.

Diagnosis:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was diagnosed using biopsies from cervical lymph nodes.

Interventions and outcomes:
The patient started a gemcitabine + rituximab regimen; however, the patient died from cachexia-associated lymphoma progression, not PDAC.

Lessons:
ML should be considered when intra-abdominal lymphadenopathies are detected in patients with pancreatic cancer, and ML should be differentiated from lymph node metastasis of pancreatic cancer.
The effect of training using an upper limb rehabilitation robot (HEXO-UR30A) in chronic stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Ji Ae , Chun Min Ho , Lee Anna , Ji Younghoon , Jang Hyeyoun , Han Changsoo 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Upper limb robotic rehabilitation can be beneficial to the patients when applied appropriately. HEXO-UR30A is a novel exoskeletal type upper limb rehabilitation robot that provides continuous passive motion to the shoulder joint.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of HEXO-UR30A on the patient’s functional change, spasticity, and range of motion (ROM).

Methods:
We included stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis of age > 19 years with spasticity grading of modified Ashworth scale < 3 and Brunnstrom recovery stage ≥ 4. The efficacy of the robot was investigated based on a rehabilitation program for 3 weeks. Patient’s functions were compared before vs after treatment and between the HEXO group vs control. We conducted the Fugl–Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity, modified Barthel index, modified Ashworth scale, ROM, and Motricity Index upper limb. Patients’ satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire after every 10 sessions of training.

Results:
In the HEXO group, the Fugl–Meyer assessment for shoulder improved significantly (P value = .006*) compared with the control group (P value = .075). Both groups showed significant improvement (P value < .05) in Motricity Index upper limb after treatment. There were some improvements in the passive and active ROM. Patients in the HEXO group reported high satisfaction with upper limb rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
These results show that HEXO-UR30A can improve functional ability in chronic stroke patients. Moreover, the high satisfaction in patients might promote active involvement in upper limb rehabilitation.
Efficacy of lutein supplements on macular pigment optical density in highly myopic individuals: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yoshida Takeshi , Takagi Yasutaka , Igarashi-Yokoi Tae , Ohno-Matsui Kyoko 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Lutein supplementation is beneficial in preventing maculae from developing serious ocular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lutein administration in patients with high myopia (HM).

Methods:
In a single-center randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial conducted over 24 months, 22 eyes were enrolled in lutein and control groups. Among them, 15 eyes in the lutein group and 13 eyes in the control group completed the study. All patients with HM (axial length > 26.00) were administered lutein (20 mg) or placebo once daily for 6 months. The macular pigment optical density (MPOD), rate of change in MPOD, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and electroretinogram after administration were examined at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.

Results:
The baseline MPOD in the control and lutein groups was 0.71 ± 0.21 and 0.70 ± 0.22, respectively. The MPOD in the control and lutein groups at 3 months was 0.70 ± 0.21 and 0.70 ± 0.25, respectively, and at 6 months was 0.66 ± 0.20 and 0.72 ± 0.27, respectively, which was not significantly different from those at baseline or between the groups. The MPOD significantly increased from baseline in the lutein group with less than 28.25 mm of axial length at 6 months (from 0.71 ± 0.20 to 0.78 ± 0.22, P = .02, t test). visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and electroretinogram values were similar between the groups.

Conclusion:
Lutein supplementation showed significant benefits in MPOD augmentation in patients with HM.
Near-infrared venous imaging may be more useful than ultrasound guidance for novices to obtain difficult peripheral venous access: A crossover simulation study
Authors: Sekiguchi Shinichiro , Moriyama Kiyoshi , Tokumine Joho , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Nakazawa Harumasa , Tomita Yasuhiko , Yorozu Tomoko 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Difficult peripheral venous access, especially in obese people, is challenging for novices. We conducted a randomized cross-over study to examine whether near-infrared venous imaging or ultrasound guidance is more useful for novice operators to obtain difficult peripheral venous access.

Methods:
Medical students were recruited as participants. After receiving basic training using commercial simulators, participants were randomly assigned to obtain simulated venous access using a difficult venous access simulator with near-infrared venous imaging or ultrasound guidance in a randomized cross-over design. A difficult venous access simulator was newly developed with deep and narrow vessels to simulate an obese patient. The primary outcome measure of the study was the first-time success rate (%), and the secondary outcome measures included procedure time (seconds) and the number of 3 consecutive successful attempts, to represent proficiency with the procedure. Pearson chi-square test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and generalized estimating equations were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Forty-one medical students with no experience performing peripheral venous access were enrolled in this study. The rate of successful first attempts did not differ between the 2 groups (70% for near-infrared; 65% for ultrasound guidance; P = .64). The duration of the procedure for the first attempt was significantly shorter using near-infrared imaging (median: 14; interquartile range: 12–19) compared to ultrasound guidance (median 46; interquartile range: 26–52; P = .007). The number of attempts until 3 consecutive successes was not significantly different comparing the 2 approaches (near-infrared: 3 (3, 7.25), ultrasound guidance: 3 (3, 6.25), P = .63).

Conclusion:
There was no difference in success rate of first-time attempts or acquiring proficiency for the 2 methods. However, duration of the first attempt was significantly shorter with near-infrared imaging than with ultrasound guidance. Near-infrared imaging may require less training than ultrasound guidance. Near-infrared venous imaging may be useful for novices to obtain difficult peripheral venous access in obese patients.
A comparative study of the efficacy of intra-articular injection of different drugs in the treatment of mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Xue Yuan , Wang Xuan , Wang Xiuming , Huang Li , Yao Aina , Xue Yan 
Published: March 2023

Background:Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has a high clinical prevalence and frequently interferes with patients normal lives. In KOA patients, evidence suggests that intra-articular (IA) injection improves joint function and decreases discomfort. Several IA injection treatments are used in daily practice to improve symptomatic control of knee osteoarthritis, but their efficacy is frequently disputed.Methods:This network meta-analysis compares the efficacy of different IA injections for mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. Seven databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for randomized controlled trials published up to and including December 20, 2021, and final follow up indicators were used. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score and The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score change from baseline were the primary outcomes. We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool to assess the quality and risks of biases of papers. We calculated the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each outcome. State (Version 15.1, Texas, USA) and SPSS (Version 20, Chicago, USA) was used in all statistical analyses, and Review Manager (version 5.4) was used in assessing the risks of biases.Results:Our study included 16 randomized controlled trials with a total of 1652 patients. platelet-rich plasma (PRP) IA injection therapy had the highest likelihood of being the best intervention in reducing WOMAC pain (surface under the cumulative ranking area [SUCRA] 84.7%), stiffness (SUCRA 95.1%), and function (SUCRA 98.5%) scores, according to the SUCRA. The best measures for lowering the WOMAC total and VAS scores were IA injection platelet-rich plasma-derived growth factor (SUCRA 84.9%) and hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma (SUCRA 84.9%). In the VAS score group, PRP outperformed hyaluronic acid (HA) (WMD 1.3, 95% CI 0.55–2.55) and corticosteroids (CS) (WMD 4.85, 95% CI 4.02–5.08), according to the forest map results. PRP also outperformed CS (WMD 14.76, 95% CI 12.11–17.41), ozone (WMD 9.16, 95% CI 6.89–11.43), and PRP + HA (WMD 2.18, 95% CI 0.55–3.81) in the WOMAC total score group. Furthermore, PRP outperforms other drugs in terms of reducing WOMAC function, stiffness, and function score.Conclusion:In patients with mild to moderate KOA, IA injection PRP outperformed IA injection ozone, HA, CS, platelet-rich plasma-derived growth factor, and hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma in terms of pain, stiffness, and dysfunction.
Case report: A HIV-negative hemodialysis patient positive for pANCA with severe pneumocystis pneumonia: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Huang Jingda , Zeng Fang , Li Jiajie , Xu Wang , Shen Meirong , Shu Qiao , Liu Dehui 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic fungal infection that occurs in people with impaired or suppressed immunity such as patients with human immunodeficiency virus or organ transplant. However, the incidence and characteristics of PCP in the population with long-term hemodialysis is poorly described in the literature.

Patient concerns:
We present a case of a 50-year-old female patient being transferred to our hospital in February 2022 with a 20-day history of cough and tight breath. She received amoxicillin and cephalosporin anti-infection treatment successively in local hospital but no significant improvement in symptoms. She had a 2-year history of hemodialysis and no relevant transplantation and human immunodeficiency virus infection. She was diagnosed as ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) and given oral prednisone acetate (20 mg/day) and methotrexate (2.5 mg/week) half a year ago.

Diagnoses:
Based on the patient’s medical history, Lung computerized tomography image, the Next generation sequencing report, the patient was diagnosed with renal failure, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis, and Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Interventions:
The dosage of immunosuppressant was reduced due to leucocyte dripping and fever, and antibiotic and antifungal treatment were also given. The patient’s lung condition was getting worse and noninvasive ventilator was required to maintain blood oxygen. Blood filtration is used to remove toxins. Ganciclovir and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was used based on the next generation sequencing report.

Outcomes:
The patient died of respiratory failure.

Lessons:
The risk of PCP in hemodialysis patients may be higher than that in ordinary population, and the prognosis of patients with immunosuppression may be worse. Dynamic assessment of vasculitis activity is necessary for hemodialysis patients with AAV because infections may obscure lung symptoms of AAV. It is not recommended that hemodialysis patients with long-term immunosuppression should reduce or stop the dosage of immunosuppressive drugs during the treatment because it may aggravate the condition of PCP. There is still no clear conclusion on whether hemodialysis patients need preventive medicine, but the identification of risk factors and early diagnosis and treatment are important for the prognosis of PCP on hemodialysis population.
Hemorrhage and necrosis of the liver caused by hepatic arteriovenous malformations in a fetus: A case report
Authors: Bian Wei , Yuan Jun , Yao Yuan 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Hepatic arteriovenous malformations (HAVMs) are a rare disorder reported in association with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), known as Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome. HAVMs are usually detected in adulthood.

Patient concerns:
A 29-year-old pregnant woman underwent a routine prenatal examination at 37 weeks of pregnancy.

Diagnosis and interventions:
There were fetal liver anomalies detected by prenatal ultrasonography and were managed. Furthermore, a hepatic mass was detected and was subsequently analyzed by fetal magnetic resonance imaging. There were no typical imaging findings in this case which was once misdiagnosed as a hepatoblastoma.

Outcomes:
Considering the massive hepatic lesion, labor induction was performed on a pregnant woman to avoid adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of HAVMs. Lesions detected by imaging were determined to be hemorrhagic and necrotic.

Lessons:
Prenatal hepatic hemorrhage and necrosis due to an arteriovenous malformation are rare. The authors describe their observations and results.
Pyloric stenosis secondary to peptic ulcer disease in pediatric patients: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zhou Jiajia , Liu Guobin , Song Xiaofeng , Liu Hongjiang , Wang Dengliang , Kang Quan 
Published: March 2023

Rationale:
Pediatric pyloric obstruction is a condition characterized by complete or incomplete obstruction of the distal stomach caused by obstructive lesions of the distal stomach, pyloric duct, or proximal duodenum. Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most common cause of pediatric pyloric obstruction, whereas acquired pyloric stenosis is comparatively rare, with peptic ulcer disease being the most common cause.

Patient concerns:
We describe a case of a 5-year-old girl who had peptic ulcer disease and developed scarring pyloric stenosis. We also give comprehensive details of the diagnosis and course of treatment.

Diagnosis:
Intraoperative findings revealed ulcerative, scarring pyloric obstruction.

Interventions:
Conservative treatment failed and surgery was subsequently performed.

Outcomes:
No further vomiting symptoms occurred after surgery. And 3 months after surgery, the patient had gained weight on average and had no further complaints.

Lessons:
Although scarring pediatric pyloric blockage due to peptic ulcer is less common, emphasis should be placed on rapid diagnosis by accurate gastroscopy, barium meal of the gastrointestinal tract, or ultrasonography. Depending on the patient’s condition, conservative treatment or surgery should be chosen carefully selected.