bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herbal Remedies in Cosmeceuticals Formulation: A Review on Nepalese Perspectives
Authors: Gyawali Rajendra , Narayan Paudel Prem 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The beauty product preparation from natural ingredients reaches is historical. People of rural area where the practice of modern cosmetic products are not accessible, they mostly use and depend upon the locally available ingredients in their own formulations. The inclusion of extracts in topical formulations can minimize the skin damage of oxidative stress, which has been associated with delaying the aging process. Therapeutic benefits by addition of plant-based active ingredients such as alpha-hydroxy acid, retinoic acid, ferulic acid, ascorbic acid, and coenzyme Q10 are common. Natural preservatives are also in priority but it is equally important to carry research for their efficacy and assurance.
Methods: An independent approach was used to conduct the literature review. Major well-known bibliometric information sources studied are the Web of Science, Scopus, Mendeley and Google Scholar. Several keywords like name of plants, skin whitening, anti-acne, herbal cosmetics, Ayurvedic herbs, skin cancer, moisturizer etc were chosen to obtain a large range of papers to be analyzed. Local news papers, research reports and official websites were also studied.
Results: The results obtained from this review showed that, there are numerous herbs which are effective and safe for cosmetic purpose. Herbal based cosmetic factories are started in Nepal but their research part not much strong and found frequently lead by non-pharmacist or non-chemist human resources. Herbs are rich in vitamins, phenolics and carotenoids which have mainly anti-aging, revitalizing and rejuvenating properties. Herbs have vitamins, saponins and flavanoids which supply various nutrients to hair and help to darkening of hair. Different literatures available prove that the heavy metals are also mixed in large quantity in cosmetics found in Nepalese market. There is an immediate need to execute strong guidelines regarding the quality of cosmetic products in Nepal.
Conclusions: The current review on herbal cosmetics focuses on the natural sources of cosmetics, their medicinal benefits, mechanism of action, key chemical constituents and their advantages along with safety.
Posterior Urethral Valves; Outcome Analysis after Endoscopic Valve Ablation
Authors: Kumar Sah Sanjay , Prasad Chaudhary Ramanandan , Silwal Shirish 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Posterior urethral valves, a major male infra-vesical obstructive uropathy leading to chronic renal failure are most common paediatric urological emergencies with an incidence of 1:5000 -1:8000. Early diagnosis, management and follow up of these patients is challenging in low socio-economic countries like Nepal. This study evaluates the cases with posterior urethral valves and their outcomes after endoscopic valve ablation over a period of five years.
Methods: In this five year retrospective study from January 2016 to December 2020, all the cases with posterior urethral valves undergoing endoscopic valve ablation were reviewed and data were analysed for age, presentation, diagnosis and outcome at follow-up after management.
Results: A total of sixty patients with posterior urethral valves were managed with definitive endoscopic ablation in the five year period. Median age at ablation was 11 months (10 days to 4 years). Commonest presentation was features of bladder outlet obstruction evident by poor stream, straining and dribbling of urine. Only 26.7% cases were managed in neonatal period due to low suspicion of valve in prenatal fetal scan. 83.3% of patients had complete relief from obstruction with normal urinary stream at follow up after ablation of valves with 15% of cases needing re-ablation of the residual valve. Two cases had to undergo anti-reflux surgery two years after valve ablation. Mortality was seen in one case due to cross sepsis. Majority of patients were in regular follow-up which showed its direct relationship to the outcome of the disease after valve ablation.
Conclusion: Early detection, proper relief of obstruction and regular follow-up strategies can avoid life threatening complications of posterior urethral valves. Only treating posterior urethral valves is not the aim of obtaining successful relief of obstruction. Parent’s education, developing prenatal ultrasound skills to detect or suspect prenatal PUVs and early referral to tertiary centers where these patients can be managed promptly are equally important.
Medidas de apoyo frente a la crisis energética y al repunte de la inflación: un análisis del coste y de los efectos distribucionales de algunas de las actuaciones desplegadas según su grado de focalización
Authors: García Miralles Esteban 
Published: February 2023

Motivación
A lo largo de los últimos meses se han implementado diferentes medidas de política económica para apoyar a hogares y empresas frente al repunte de los precios. En cualquier coyuntura, pero más aún en una caracterizada por la existencia de desequilibrios fiscales, resulta fundamental analizar el diseño de estas medidas, así como su impacto distributivo y presupuestario.
Ideas principales
•La mayor parte de las medidas fiscales adoptadas en España en los últimos trimestres para hacerfrente a la crisis energética y al repunte de los precios tendrían un carácter eminentemente generalizado,en lugar de estar focalizadas en los hogares o las empresas más vulnerables.
•Se estima que las rebajas del IVA de los alimentos, así como de la electricidad y del gas, suponen unmayor ahorro como porcentaje de su gasto total para los hogares de renta baja, mientras que labonificación a los carburantes habría beneficiado en mayor medida a los hogares de renta alta.
•Medidas alternativas, focalizadas en los hogares vulnerables en función de su renta, podrían lograrniveles de protección similares a los alcanzados con las medidas ya desplegadas, pero con un menorcoste presupuestario y evitando distorsiones en las señales de precios.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Aplikasi Tabungan Siswa Pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta (MIS) Bidayatul Hidayah Berbasis Desktop
Authors: Jaya Hendra , Winata Hendryan , Dahria Muhammad , Sobirin Sobirin , Hutagalung Juniar , Rudiansyah Rudiansyah 
Published: February 2023

Pendidikan di sekolah tidak hanya pada aspek membekali para siswa dengan tumbuh kembang saja namun juga pemberian karakter sejak dini. Kecerdasan anak terhadap memahami pengelolaan keuangan sehari-hari perlu juga dibekali sehingga anak dapat menggunakan uang dengan baik dan bijak. Pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta (MIS) Bidayatul Hidayah seluruh siswa diwajibkan untuk menabung demi melunasi cicilan biaya administrasi di akhir semester genap. Laporan tabungan dalam satu tahun pada sekolah tersebut masih dilakukan secara manual. Dengan banyaknya komponen administrasi, sering terjadi kesalahan pada pencatatan sehingga menimbulkan kerugian dan keluhan dari orang tua siswa/i. Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) yang ingin dicapai yaitu untuk merancang dan membangun aplikasi yang dapat melakukan pencatatan tabungan siswa/i pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Bidayatul Hidayah berbasis desktop. Manfaat dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini dapat membantu operator sekolah melakukan proses pencatatan tabungan siswa/i dengan aplikasi berbasis desktop secara cepat dan akurat. Dapat memberikan kemudahan untuk pengambilan keputusan dalam proses pencatatan tabungan siswa/i pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Bidayatul Hidayah. Aplikasi ini diharapkan berguna untuk operator dan siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Bidayatul Hidayah serta dapat diterapkan pada sekolah lain.
A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE ‘XRF’ ANALYSIS OF LEAD CONTAMINATED SOIL AND SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION BASED ON T-TEST.
Authors: Luigi Piga , O Adewole 
Published: February 2023

A statistical analysis and hypothesis testing was carried out on the randomly selected samples from experimental results of the ‘XRF’ analysis and sequential extraction of soils contaminated with lead using lead nitrate of known amount. Looking at our previous experimental results, we found that the concentration of the solid contaminated samples: OL S 1-2, & OL S 3-2 ( 2,080.26, & 2,080.41mg/kg) respectively in that order are very close to the concentration of lead also obtained using the ‘XRF’ analysis for the liquid solutions obtained from the sequential extraction procedures of soil samples: ‘OL S 1-2, & 32 as ( 2,110mg/kg, & 2,090mg/kg) respectively in that order. An hypothesis testing was conducted within the underlying assumptions based on the null hypothesis and our claim for equal means. The p-value found was greater than the α-value, and also corroborating this fact, the t-statistics calculated absolute value is less than the critical value at the 5% significant level as presented and shown in our table of results. We can quite well agree from our previous results findings, and corroborated by the findings of the statistical testing, we can confident agree the results from the ‘XRF’ are reliable enough, without any need to do the sequential extraction for obtaining the concentrations.
PREDICTION OF SOIL WETTING PATTERN FOR THREE SOIL TYPES UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION
Authors: Adedeji M. A. , Chikezie A. O, , Isikwue M. O. 
Published: February 2023

This study was carried out by identifying and selecting three soil types around the University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria to determine their physicochemical properties. Drip Irrigation is considered as one of the most efficient irrigation systems, provided the system is designed to meet the soil and plant condition. Information on wetting patterns under point source drip emitters is a prerequisite for the design and operation of the drip systems. This is to ensure precise placement of water and fertilizer in the active root zone. The objective of this study was to develop models that can help to determine the wetting radius (r), wetting depth (z) from surface point drip irrigation of three soil types (clay loam, sandy loam and sandy clay loam). Water was applied to each soil type using drip irrigation set up at a constant flow rate of 1.3 l/hr. The maximum duration of water application was 10 hrs. At intervals of 30 minutes, there was excavation to monitor the wetted radius and depth. The field data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.0 to formulate the models that relates the duration, flow rate, volume and hydraulic properties to wetted radius and depth. Results show that lateral water movement was highest in the clay loam while vertical movement was highest in sandy loam. The highest wetted depth in clay loam, sandy loam and sandy clay loam were 17, 26, and 25 cm while the wetted radius were 26, 24, and 22 cm, respectively. Models for the three soil types were developed, the R2 values for the three soils were between 0.7and0.9 which are close to 1. The ANOVA shows that the models were statistically significant as the P values are less than 0.05. The results obtained showed that the wetted depth and wetted radius of these soil types are influenced by the flow rate, duration and volume of water application within the range under consideration and can fit into irrigation of vegetable crops.
Mechanism of Transformational Leadership on Team Performance and Recommended Interventions on AI-Lab
Authors: Li Zhuofeng 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to synthesize the relationships between transformational leadership and the intermediate outcomes (e.g., team vision, team coordination, team cohesion, team project innovation) of team performance, then to propose relevant interventions to enhance the team performance of the case setting.
Study design: Based on the empirical literature review, this study employs the case study method to incorporate relevant transformational behaviors and techniques into the practical issues of the case setting.
Findings: This study demonstrates the positive relationships between the 4I’s of transformational leadership and the intermediate outcomes of team performance, and finds some unique transformational techniques to cope with the managerial problems during business transition.
Originality/value: This study contributes to formulating an original theoretical framework on transformational leadership and team performance, and employing a series of exclusive intervention measures to improve the team performance of the case setting. The contributions may generalize into the wider education service sector.
Using Google Classroom in Teaching Recount Text at the Tenth Grade Students of Vocational School (SMK)
Authors: Johan Andrian Nuriza , Apriliandita Denita Teza Ayu , Widodo Sri 
Published: February 2023

This research aimed to obtain the empirical evidence whether or not Google Classroom has good effect in improving students’ writing Recount Text. This research belongs to quantitative research using quasi experimental design. The population of this research was the tenth grade students of SMK Batik Perbaik in the academic year 2021/2022. The samples of this research were OTKP 1 as a experimental group and OTKP 2 as a control group, The experimental group was treated by using Google Classroom and the control group was treated without Google Classroom. The writer took a pre-test that the classes have relatively the same background knowledge in the research variable and a post-test was to find out the growth of score as measurement of achievement. this research showed that the students progress experimental group in recount text was good. It could be seen score of experimental group was 78.96 and the mean score of control group was 61.28. the highest score of experimental group was 88 and the highest score of control group was 80. The both scores were categorized good. To see whether the hypothesis was accepted or rejected, the researcher used t-test. The result of t-test was higher than t-table that 4.104>2009, so there was a significant difference in students’ achievement between those who were taught recount text using google classroom and the students who were taught recount text without using google classroom
Keywords: English writing, Recount text, Google Classroom
Religiusitas dalam Novel Surat Cinta dari Bidadari Surga Karya Aguk Irawan
Authors: Gustiana Lina , Praptanti Isnaeni , Pamungkas Onok Yayang 
Published: February 2023

Research on religiosity has received important attention by academics. However, there are still few researchers who actually discuss religiosity in literature. Religiosity is religious knowledge, feelings, and actions that arise in oneself. This research identifies religiosity in Aguk Irawan's novel Love Letter from the Angel of Heaven (hereinafter referred to as SCDBS). The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative, with the research subject coming from the novel SCBD. The subject of the study comes from Aguk Irawan's 312-page SCBDS novel literary work . The research data is descriptive data in the form of texts, sentences, and expressions in SCDBS novels that contain elements of religiosity. The source of the research data is SCDBS. The data collection technique used in this study is a literature study technique. Data analysis techniques are carried out by means of 1) reading novels; 2) categorize the data according to the research focus; 3) analyze the data; 4) make a temporary conclusion; 5) data verification; 6) make a final conclusion. The results showed that the eligiusity contained in this novel is the dimension of belief, the dimension of religious practice, the dimension of passion, the dimension of religious knowledge and the dimension of experience and consequences. The dimension of belief found in this novel is in the form of faith in Allah totaling eight data, faith in the Messenger of Allah one data, dimension of religious practice, namely prayer as many as three data, dimension of passion in the form of gratitude, and prayer each amounting to one data, and miracles, dimension of religious knowledge, namely learning religion a number of one data, and the dimension of consequences found is the act of not drinking a number of one data. Research implications that the representation of religiosity is not only in the practice of life, but also in narrative works.
Keywords: Religiosity, Novel, Surat Cinta dari Bidadari Surga, Aguk Irawan
Filipino Neophyte ESL Teachers amidst Covid-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Inquiry
Authors: Aporbo Russel J. 
Published: February 2023

This phenomenological study investigated the lived experiences of Filipino neophyte ESL teachers amidst Covid-19 pandemic. Data were collected from seven (7) ESL teachers who already have three (3) months to one (1) year teaching experience in handling non-native speakers of English language. Based from the thematic analysis, the experiences of the identified participants were anxiety as initial reaction, fear of committing grammatical and pronunciation errors, difficulty of motivating students, students’ lack of knowledge on the target language, difficulty on students’ pronunciation and grammar, improves teachers; communicative competence and evaluating students’ four macro skills. Moreover, the different teaching strategies used were using reinforcement, various teaching methodologies, utilizing interactive materials, building rapport, tracking students’ performance and scaffolding. The findings of this study are valuable in the field of language teaching and applied linguistics to understand the various strategies that can be employed to address the needs of non-native speakers of English language. Further, this can be used by future ESL teachers in improving their pedagogical competence in handling ESL synchronous classes.
Läsarter som analysredskap
Authors: Tengberg Michael 
Published: February 2023

Forms of Reading as an Analytical Tool – Restraint or Refinement?
This article discusses a current problem in the research of literary reading and of literature instruction. Which theoretical models are needed in order to describe and to understand the different practices of reading and teaching literature in school? The theoretical concept in focus is form of reading (Swedish läsart), which points to the reader’s particular way of discerning the text. I begin by examining some of the consequences of a long-standing, almost habitual, application within Swedish research on literature instruction of a single theoretical perspective on forms of reading. This perspective is taken from Louise Rosenblatt and involves the orientations of reading which she calls aesthetic and efferent reading. My initial discussion is thus bears upon the problems generated by this kind of theoretical conformity.
In order to broaden the range of theoretical terminology with which students’ reading and teachers’ teaching might be analyzed my own initial idea was to suggest and apply empirically two different perspectives on forms of reading, stemming from Michael Riffaterre and Marie-Laure Ryan. However, since these models, like many others, are wrapped up in complex text theories with implied readers, whose interpretive operations have little resemblance with the interpretive strategies expected from teenage readers in school, even this approach seemed less productive. What we need instead – and this is my main point –, when it comes to examining the different forms of reading advocated in the classroom, is to theorize the practices of reading rather than to abide by already conventional understandings. By reference to the literary orientations in a short sequence from a literature discussion in eighth grade I suggest the term meta-cognitive form of reading.
Tid för litteraturdidaktiskt paradigmskifte?
Authors: Andersson Pär-Yngve 
Published: February 2023

Time for a Paradigmatic Shift in Literature Didactics?
An increasing number of literary scholars are involved in the didactic education of university students studying to become teachers. In this article I discuss the difficulties and possibilities of the task in a changing media landscape where reading fiction seems to be losing popularity. I argue that the paradigm in literature didactics has hitherto been rather one-sided, dominated by reader response-theory and pedagogy based on the high valuation of individual experience, but neglecting the learning of literary skills and strategies. However, several researchers have pointed to the fact that Swedish pupils seem to interpret texts in rather subjective ways, in a kind of private readings. They have difficulties in understanding fictional texts, especially when the aesthetic forms are unfamiliar.
The study of literature didactics cannot be restricted to the reader response-paradigm, but must make use of other perspectives in literary theory. In my opinion, the future teachers have to provide a widening of their pupils’ horizons. They must read a great variety of literature together, talk and write about it, and discuss relevant interpretations. Teachers cannot neglect teaching aesthetics, and they must, beginning in the early years of schooling, explain to their pupils the value of literary reading. Learning literary strategies is important for anyone, but especially for low performing readers. I argue that literature has a potential for increasing the sense of individual freedom and cultivating one’s mind, but also that literary studies can provide argumentative skills and raise a critical consciousness. In the visual and interactive culture of our days, the study of literature can be an alternative opportunity where slowness and critical reflection is honoured.
Värdefull eller värdelös?
Authors: Graeske Caroline 
Published: February 2023

Useful or Useless? Fundamental Values and Gender in Swedish as a School Subject
Lately there are numerous studies that emphasise the limits of gender and fundamental value questions in various teaching aids. In Swedish as a school subject, this kind of research is insufficient, which is noteworthy since several researches today regard Swedish as a subject that deals with issues such as democracy and dialogism in a decisive way. This article analyses three recently published text books aimed at literary history in Swedish as a school subject for upper secondary school with a focus on fundamental values. In the Swedish educational system, fundamental values is a central concept that illuminates matters connected to democracy, norms and values, and gender and equality are particularly significant issues. The study, which is both quantitative and qualitative, will be based on questions of intersectionality. Recurrent questions are thus how various authorships are presented based on gender, class, nationality and sexual preference. The results show that the analysed text books predominantly include a white, western, male discourse while discourses of women, non-European and national minorities clearly are excluded. Furthermore, men and women are valued differently. Stereotypical images of masculinity and femininity that are belitted, and sometimes even sexist, are constructed in the analysed course material. There is also an othering of non-European authors where non-European women are twice as marginalised. These evaluative points of departure, explicit and implicit, strengthen and manifest traditional gender roles and a heterosexual matrix which implacably go against the fundamental values of the Swedish educational system.