bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous transcatheter dual valve replacement (mitral and tricuspid valves): a case report
Authors: Garg Piyush , Chouhan Nagendra , Wander Gagandeep S , Chandra Praveen , Kashyap Rahul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Structural valve dysfunction in bioprosthetic heart valves necessitates redo replacement procedure that are associated with high mortality and morbidity. The transcatheter valve-in-valve (VIV) approach has emerged as a preferred option for patients requiring redo procedures due to structural valve degeneration. We report from India the first case of the simultaneous transcatheter dual VIV implantation (mitral valve and tricuspid valves) in a high-surgical-risk patient.

Case summary
A 57-year-old female was presented with a history of rheumatic heart disease, post-mitral valve as well as tricuspid valve replacement (perimount 33 mm) 11 years back. Bioprosthetic heart valve was chosen probably due to limited life expectancy and compliance issues with monitoring of international normalised ratio (INR). She now presented with progressive dyspnoea, oedema, and palpitations (New York Heart Association Class III) for the last 6 months. The patient was scheduled for transcatheter dual valve replacement simultaneously. The procedure was successful with a favourable outcome, short hospital stays, and early recovery.

Discussion
This is the first case of simultaneous transcatheter dual valve replacement reported from India, which is fluoroscopically guided and supported by TEE. It is a valuable and considerable option for patients with failing bioprosthesis valves who are at increased peri-operative risk.
A case series: patients with complicated popliteal artery entrapment syndrome successfully treated with a hybrid surgical and interventional treatment
Authors: Park Min Jung , Kim Hyeongsoo , Kim Do-Kyun , Jang Ji-Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is an underreported and underdiagnosed condition that affects the lower extremities. Previous case reports mainly presented young and uncomplicated PAES. Here, we report the cases of complicated PAES in middle-aged patients. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach from diagnosis to treatment to obtain favourable clinical outcomes against this rare disease.

Case summary
Two middle-aged patients presented with recent claudication and were diagnosed with popliteal artery obstruction due to a complicated PAES. At the multidisciplinary meeting, the decided treatment plan was to prioritize the gastrocnemius tendon accessory transfer and surgical thromboendarterectomy. In case the popliteal artery patency was unsatisfactory, an additional on-site percutaneous intervention was planned. Follow-up lower extremity computed tomographic angiography showed a patent popliteal artery without any claudication in both two cases.

Discussion
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is a rare vascular disorder. Clinical suspicion and advanced imaging modalities can lead to an accurate diagnosis. A multidisciplinary team approach helps in obtaining favourable clinical results using minimally invasive hybrid surgical and interventional treatments.
Do Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Economic Outcomes in the Next Generation? Evidence from Mexico
Authors: Parker Susan W , Vogl Tom 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConditional cash transfer programmes have spread to over 60 countries in the past two decades, but little is known about their long-term effects. We estimate the lasting impact of childhood exposure to the Mexico’s flagship programme Progresa by leveraging the age structure of benefits and geographic variation in early programme penetration nationwide. Childhood exposure improves women’s outcomes in early adulthood with increases in educational attainment, geographic mobility, labour market performance and household living standards. For men, effects are smaller and more difficult to distinguish from spatial convergence.
Echocardiographic heart ageing patterns predict cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular events and reflect biological age: the SardiNIA study
Authors: Ganau Antonello , Orrù Marco , Floris Matteo , Saba Pier Sergio , Loi Federica , Sanna Giuseppe D , Marongiu Michele , Balaci Lenuta , Curreli Niccolò , Ferreli Liana A P , Loi Francesco , Masala Marco , Parodi Guido , Delitala Alessandro P , Schlessinger David , Lakatta Edward , Fiorillo Edoardo , Cucca Francesco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Age is a crucial risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV diseases. As people age at different rates, the concept of biological age has been introduced as a personalized measure of functional deterioration. Associations of age with echocardiographic quantitative traits were analysed to assess different heart ageing rates and their ability to predict outcomes and reflect biological age.

Methods and results
Associations of age with left ventricular mass, geometry, diastolic function, left atrial volume, and aortic root size were measured in 2614 healthy subjects. Based on the 95% two-sided tolerance intervals of each correlation, three discrete ageing trajectories were identified and categorized as ‘slow’, ‘normal’, and ‘accelerated’ heart ageing patterns. The primary endpoint included fatal and non-fatal CV events, and the secondary endpoint was a composite of CV and non-CV events and all-cause death. The phenotypic age of the heart (HeartPhAge) was estimated as a proxy of biological age. The slow ageing pattern was found in 8.7% of healthy participants, the normal pattern in 76.9%, and the accelerated pattern in 14.4%. Kaplan–Meier curves of the heart ageing patterns diverged significantly (P = 0.0001) for both primary and secondary endpoints, with the event rate being lowest in the slow, intermediate in the normal, and highest in the accelerated pattern. In the Cox proportional hazards model, heart ageing patterns predicted both primary (P = 0.01) and secondary (P = 0.03 to &lt;0.0001) endpoints, independent of chronological age and risk factors. Compared with chronological age, HeartPhAge was 9 years younger in slow, 4 years older in accelerated (both P &lt; 0.0001), and overlapping in normal ageing patterns.

Conclusion
Standard Doppler echocardiography detects slow, normal, and accelerated heart ageing patterns. They predict CV and non-CV events, reflect biological age, and provide a new tool to calibrate prevention timing and intensity.
Impact of pregnancy on the natural history of women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fumagalli Carlo , Zocchi Chiara , Cappelli Francesco , Celata Anastasia , Tassetti Luigi , Sasso Laura , Zampieri Mattia , Argirò Alessia , Marchi Alberto , Targetti Mattia , Berteotti Martina , Maurizi Niccolò , Mori Fabio , Livi Paola , Baldini Katia , Tomberli Alessia , Girolami Francesca , Favilli Silvia , Mecacci Federico , Olivotto Iacopo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Whether pregnancy is a modifier of the long-term course and outcome of women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is unknown. We assessed the association of pregnancy with long-term outcomes in HCM women.

Methods and results
Retrospective evaluation of women with HCM from 1970 to 2021. Only women with pregnancy-related information (pregnancy present or absent) and a follow-up period lasting ≥1 year were included. The peri-partum period was defined as −1 to 6 months after delivery. The primary endpoint was a composite for major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE: cardiovascular death, sudden cardiac death, appropriate defibrillator shock and heart failure (HF) progression]. Overall, 379 (58%) women were included. There were 432 pregnancies in 242 (63%) patients. In 29 (7.6%) cases, pregnancies (n = 39) occurred after HCM diagnosis. Among these, three carrying likely pathogenic sarcomeric variants suffered MACEs in the peri-partum period. At 10 ± 9 years of follow-up, age at diagnosis [hazard ratio (HR) 1.034, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.018–1.050, P &lt; 0.001] and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (II vs. I: HR 1.944, 95% CI 0.896–4.218; III vs. I: HR 5.291, 95% CI 2.392–11.705, P &lt; 0.001) were associated with MACE. Conversely, pregnancy was associated with reduced risk (HR 0.605; 95% CI 0.380–0.963, P = 0.034). Among women with pregnancy, multiple occurrences did not modify risk.

Conclusions
Pregnancy is not a modifier of long-term outcome in women with HCM and mostly occurs before a cardiac diagnosis. Most patients tolerate pregnancy well and do not show a survival disadvantage compared to women without. Pregnancy should not be discouraged, except in the presence of severe HF symptoms or high-risk features.
Causal Associations Between Lifestyle Habits and Risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jia Fan , Wei Zhitao , Kong Xiangrui , Mao Yinhui , Yang Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) most often occurs in older men; previous studies and clinical experience suggest a potential link between lifestyle habits such as sleep habits, sedentary behavior, exercise levels, and BPH, but whether they have a clear causal relationship and the direction of that causality is unclear. We aimed to investigate the causal relationship between lifestyle habits and BPH using 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods
Instrumental genetic independent variables strongly associated with the selected exposure factors were filtered from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) consisting primarily of European ancestry samples. GWAS from BPH was analyzed as an MR outcome with the inverse-variance weighted method, maximum likelihood, weighted median method, MR–Egger regression, and several sensitivity analyses, including Cochran’s Q test, intercept of MR–Egger, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test.

Results
MR analysis showed a significant causal risk relationship between sleep duration and BPH, with an odds ratio of 0.42 (95% confidence interval, 0.25–0.69, p = .001) for BPH when sleep duration was increased by 1 standard deviation, but we did not find a causal relationship between the 2 when we performed a reverse analysis. However, sedentary behavior and different levels of exercise did not significantly affect the risk of BPH.

Conclusions
This study showed a strong causal relationship between sleep levels and BPH, with adequate sleep duration being a protective factor for BPH.
Sequencing of Births by Wantedness: Implications for Changes in Mid-Life Health Among Aging NLSY79 Women
Authors: Thomeer Mieke Beth , Reczek Rin , Ross Clifford , Bijou Christina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
As life course frameworks highlight and gerontological studies confirm, the health implications of early birth timing (e.g., adolescent births) and unplanned births (e.g., unwanted or mistimed births) extend years after those births into mid and later life. Yet past research often overlooks the considerable diversity in sequencing and timing of unplanned births even within the same individual (e.g., having both wanted and unwanted births), which are likely fundamental for women’s long-term health trajectories. We develop a holistic understanding of birth timing and wantedness to provide insight into when and how childbearing histories matter for aging women’s health.

Methods
We use sequence analysis with hierarchical cluster method and estimate regression models using the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 3,231) to examine how timing and patterning of births by wantedness are associated with changes in physical and mental health from ages 40 to 50.

Results
We identify 7 clusters of childbearing sequences. Of those 7 clusters, respondents with sequences characterized by wanted births in their 20s and 30s had the smallest declines in health in mid-life, whereas respondents with sequences with mainly unwanted births at any age or with mainly mistimed births beginning in adolescence had the greatest health declines. Adjusting for social and economic variables accounted for some, but not all, health differences across childbearing clusters.

Discussion
This project demonstrates the need for comprehensive life course perspectives on long-term health implications of birth wantedness and timing, recognizing diversity within and between individuals.
Virtual surgery to predict optimized conduit size for adult Fontan patients with 16-mm conduits
Authors: Hut Tjerry , Roest Arno , Gaillard Duco , Hazekamp Mark , van den Boogaard Pieter , Lamb Hildo , Kroft Lucia , Jongbloed Monique , Westenberg Jos , Wentzel Jolanda , Rijnberg Friso , Kenjeres Sasa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Recent evidence suggests that conduits implanted in Fontan patients at the age of 2–4 years become undersized for adulthood. The objective of this study is to use computational fluid dynamic models to evaluate the effect of virtual expansion of the Fontan conduit on haemodynamics and energetics of the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) under resting conditions and increased flow conditions.

METHODS
Patient-specific, magnetic resonance imaging-based simulation models of the TCPC were performed during resting and increased flow conditions. The original 16-mm conduits were virtually enlarged to 3 new sizes. The proposed conduit sizes were defined based on magnetic resonance imaging-derived conduit flow in each patient. Flow efficiency was evaluated based on power loss, pressure drop and resistance and thrombosis risk was based on flow stagnation volume and relative residence time (RRT).

RESULTS
Models of 5 adult patients with a 16-mm extracardiac Fontan connection were simulated and subsequently virtually expanded to 24–32 mm depending on patient-specific conduit flow. Virtual expansion led to a 40–65% decrease in pressure gradient across the TCPC depending on virtual conduit size. Despite improved energetics of the entire TCPC, the pulmonary arteries remained a significant contributor to energy loss (60–73% of total loss) even after virtual surgery. Flow stagnation volume inside the virtual conduit and surface area in case of elevated RRT (&gt;20/Pa) increased after conduit enlargement but remained negligible (flow stagnation &lt;2% of conduit volume in rest, &lt;0.5% with exercise and elevated RRT &lt;3% in rest, &lt;1% with exercise).

CONCLUSIONS
Virtual expansion of 16-mm conduits to 24–32 mm, depending on patient-specific conduit flow, in Fontan patients significantly improves TCPC efficiency while thrombosis risk presumably remains low.
Fixed versus individualized treatment for five common bacterial infectious syndromes: a survey of the perspectives and practices of clinicians
Authors: Mponponsuo Kwadwo , Pinto Ruxandra , Fowler Robert , Rogers Ben , Daneman Nick 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Traditionally, bacterial infections have been treated with fixed-duration antibiotic courses; however, some have advocated for individualized durations. It is not known which approach currently predominates.

Methods
We conducted a multinational clinical practice survey asking prescribers their approach to treating skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), pyelonephritis, cholangitis and bloodstream infection (BSI) of an unknown source. The primary outcome was self-reported treatment approach as being fully fixed duration, fixed minimum, fixed maximum, fixed minimum and maximum, or fully individualized durations. Secondary questions explored factors influencing duration of therapy. Multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to examine predictors of use of fully fixed durations.

Results
Among 221 respondents, 170 (76.9%) completed the full survey; infectious diseases physicians accounted for 60.6%. Use of a fully fixed duration was least common for SSTI (8.5%) and more common for CAP (28.3%), BSI (29.9%), cholangitis (35.7%) and pyelonephritis (36.3%). Fully individualized therapy, with no fixed minimum or maximum, was used by only a minority: CAP (4.9%), pyelonephritis (5.0%), cholangitis (9.9%), BSI (13.6%) and SSTI (19.5%). In multivariable analyses, a fully fixed duration approach was more common among Canadian respondents [adjusted OR (aOR) 1.76 (95% CI 1.12–2.76)] and for CAP (aOR 4.25, 95% CI 2.53–7.13), cholangitis (aOR 6.01, 95% CI 3.49–10.36), pyelonephritis (aOR 6.08, 95% CI 3.56–10.39) and BSI (aOR 4.49, 95% CI 2.50–8.09) compared with SSTI.

Conclusions
There is extensive practice heterogeneity in fixed versus individualized treatment; clinical trials would be helpful to compare these approaches.
‘You Should Vote because I Say So!’ Influence towards Voting within Mozambican Households
Authors: Vaz Ana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
How are the effects of voter education campaigns transmitted within the household? During the 2009 Mozambican elections, a field experiment implemented three voter education interventions: the distribution of a free newspaper, the creation of an SMS hotline to report electoral problems and a civic education campaign. Based on a relatively small sample of untreated individuals living with experimental subjects, this paper examines the diffusion of the interventions' effects within the household. The study finds evidence of spillover effects on interest in elections and turnout. But it finds no evidence of spillover effects on information about elections, nor evidence of spillover effects triggered by the delivery of the newspaper, the treatment most focused on the dissemination of information. On one hand, these findings show that voter education campaigns reach other individuals beyond the targeted subjects. On the other hand, they suggest that some voter education campaigns might boost turnout by increasing social pressure to vote rather than raising the level of information among voters. This paper highlights the need for additional research to probe unintended side effects of voter education campaigns.
Do pre-burn center management algorithms work? Evaluation of pre-admission diagnosis and treatment adequacy of burn patients referred to a burn center
Authors: Tuncer Huriye Bilge , Akın Merve , Çakırca Müge , Erkılıç Ezgi , Yıldız Hanifi Furkan , Yastı Ahmet Çınar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterventions for burn management until the patient is transferred to a burn center affect mortality and morbidity. Therefore, adherence to the developed algorithms is an important issue. This study aimed to determine deficiencies in different aspects of the implementation of these algorithms during the pre-admission diagnosis and treatment processes of patients referred to our burn center. This study involved a 4-year review of patients referred to our burn center. One hundred and seventy burn cases admitted by referral were enrolled in the study. Adequacy of resuscitation within the first 24 hours, adherence to guidelines, and mortality were investigated. Resuscitation performed within the first 24 hours was found to be inadequate in 88 patients (51.8%). When the burned surface area percentages were evaluated all percentages were calculated higher before arrival. There were 78 major burn cases (45.9%), and the frequency of inhalation burns, intubation requirements and renal failure were more common in this group compared to the minor burn group (P &lt; .001). The frequency of intubation without accurate indications was found to be 70.58%. Inadequate escharotomy was detected at a rate of 52.9%, and inadequate fasciotomy at a rate of 66.6%. The mortality rate was 22.4% among all patients. Interventions undertaken during the period until the patients’ referral to these centers affect mortality and morbidity. In this study, it was found that the pre-hospital applications generated were insufficient, and it was proposed that burn patient care algorithms be developed with in-service training throughout the country.
Giant gastric GIST with fast-growing mass after intra-tumoral bleeding
Authors: Duguma Yeabsera M , Seid Tesfahun A , Shumiye Yonas G , Dinagde Tesfaye A , Kejela Segni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Only a few instances of giant gastrointestinal stromal tumors and even fewer cases of such tumors with intra-tumoral bleeding have ever been reported. This report represents a case with both giant size and intra-tumoral spontaneous hemorrhage. Here a 42-year-old male patient presented with abdominal pain and abdominal distention of 5-month duration. The distention had fast growth over 1 month before the hospital presentation. Physical examination showed a conjunctival pallor and an ill-defined abdominal mass. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan showed a huge intra-abdominal mass with variable enhancements. Surgical exploration was done and a huge mass measuring 10.5 kg with dimensions of 32 × 30 × 15 cm was excised en-bloc with distal gastrectomy.
Venous ectasia preceding intra-tumoral hemorrhage in a case of gliosarcoma with transverse sinus involvement
Authors: Lee Chaejin , Kim Mee-Seon , Hwang Jeong-Hyun , Park Seong-Hyun , Park Ki-Su , Yoon Sang-Youl 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although intratumoral hemorrhage is common in patients with malignant brain tumors, reports on its clinical course are scarce. This report presents a rare case of a patient with intratumoral hemorrhage with gliosarcoma invading the venus sinus. This invasion and a small draining vein were observed at diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 1 week later showed new-onset venous ectasia, which caused intratumoral hemorrhage. This case provides insight into the mechanisms underlying intratumoral hemorrhage and highlights the emergence of new intratumoral vasculature as a potential warning sign for hemorrhage.
A case of skin necrosis following pethidine intravenous injection
Authors: AlQhtani Abdullh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pethidine is an opioid derivative typically used to treat moderate-to-severe pain. It has a good analgesic effect and is considered safe, although with adverse effects such as nausea, depression, vomiting, respiratory depression, and toxicity. We discuss the case of a 43-year-old female patient who received intravenous pethidine and developed skin necrosis in multiple areas of the body as a complication and how it was managed. This is the first report in the literature discussing skin necrosis after intravenous pethidine.
Simultaneous total robotic right hemicolectomy and right partial nephrectomy
Authors: Sanmoto Yohei , Hosoi Takayuki , Kinuta Shunji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The incidence of synchronous colorectal and renal cancers is reportedly as low as 0.33%. Simultaneous surgery for multi-organ cancers has been reported to have several advantages if tolerated by the patient. In addition, robotic surgery has gained wide application in various fields, but few reports exist on total robotic surgery involving multiple organ resections. We performed simultaneous total robotic surgery on a patient with combined colorectal and renal cancers. Before surgery, we examined the procedure with the surgical team, shared a portion of the trocar site without impairing the operability of the robotic surgery and performed the surgery safely. Further examinations are required to standardize the procedure for simultaneous robotic surgery for multi-organ cancers.