Abstract C122: Demographic and lifestyle characteristics of cancer survivors in the NIH-All of Us Research Program
Authors: Peña-Ortiz Tania Y. , Narayan Umesh , Mañana Ana Velazquez , Salgin Linda , Pichardo Catherine M. , Castañeda Sheila F. , Parada Humberto , Gallo Linda C. , Talavera Gregory A. , Pichardo Margaret S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States (U.S.), and minoritized ethnic and racial groups are disproportionately affected. Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) adults have the highest death rate among racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. for most cancers, with 73,680 cancer deaths projected in 2022. For U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults, cancer is the leading cause of death, accounting for 20% of deaths. Compared to Non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults, Non-Hispanic Asian (NHA) adults have lower cancer rates; however, cancer-specific disparities in morbidity and mortality exist. The National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program has one of the largest and most nationally representative samples of adults in terms of socioeconomic status, race and ethnicity, age, and geography. Our study aims to describe the prevalence of cancer among the racially and ethnically diverse cohort of adults enrolled in All of Us. Methods: The All of Us tier five data release includes data from a convenience sample of 323,351 adults recruited and enrolled between May 6, 2018, and April 1, 2021, across 340 sites in the U.S. Using self-reported questionnaire data at the time of study enrollment, we identified 22,676 cancer survivors and described cancer site/types and associated cancer lifestyle characteristics (i.e., demographics, co-morbidities, lifestyle behaviors) by race and ethnicity. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Student’s T and Chi-squared tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: Among 323,351 All of Us participants, 7.0% (n = 22,676) self-reported a history of cancer at enrollment. Overall, 88.6% of cancer survivors self-identified as NHW, 3.5% as NHB, 3.4% as Hispanic/Latino, 1.0% as NHA, and 3.6% as other race or ethnicity. Among all survivors, the mean ± standard deviation age was 69 ± 10 years, 56.3% were female, 55.3% had a college education or higher, 31.0% had a household income of $75,000-$150,000, 98.0% were insured, 66.9% were unemployed, 67.0% were partnered, and 93.1% were born in the U.S. The most prevalent cancer was skin cancer (34.5%), followed by cancers of the breast (16.8%) and prostate (10.1%). Breast cancer was the most prevalent cancer among NHA (36.1%), NHB (27.1%), and Hispanics/Latinos (20.1%). Skin cancer was the most common cancer among NHW (37.2%). Among all survivors, 38.8% had hypertension, 39.0 % had high cholesterol, 1.0% had type 1 diabetes, 10.8% had type 2 diabetes, 10.0% had obesity, 38.6% were never smokers, and 70.5% had a family history of cancer. All sociodemographic and lifestyle factors differed statistically (p &lt; 0.05) by race and ethnicity. Conclusion: Approximately seven percent of All of Us adults were cancer survivors, a number that exceeds rates previously reported by diverse, prospective cohorts. Cancer prevalence, as well as lifestyle characteristics, varied across racial and ethnic groups, with breast cancer being the most reported cancer for minoritized groups compared to skin cancer for NHW participants.
Citation Format: Tania Y. Peña-Ortiz, Umesh Narayan, Ana Velazquez Mañana, Linda Salgin, Catherine M. Pichardo, Sheila F. Castañeda, Humberto Parada Jr., Linda C. Gallo, Gregory A. Talavera, Margaret S. Pichardo. Demographic and lifestyle characteristics of cancer survivors in the NIH-All of Us Research Program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C122.