bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between the number of teeth and frailty among older nursing home residents: a cross-sectional study of the CLHLS survey
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Ming , Jiao Jing , Cao Jing , Wu Xinjuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Given that few studies have explored the association between oral health and frailty among older nursing home residents, the purpose of this study was to assess the association between oral health (i.e., the number of teeth and oral behaviors) and frailty in this population using the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).

Methods
This was a national cross-sectional study derived from the seventh wave of CLHLS in 2018, consisting of 365 older nursing home residents aged 65 years or older. The frailty index was constructed based on 32 variables consisting of self-rated health status, anxiety, depression, ADL and IADL. Oral health was measured through the number of natural teeth and tooth brushing behavior. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify this association between the number of teeth, oral health behaviors, and frailty.

Results
The mean age of this sample was 87.6 (SD = 9.5), with 154 (42.2%) males. The prevalence of frailty and edentulism was 71.2% and 33.4%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that the likelihood of frailty decreased with an increased number of teeth, with an OR of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91–0.98). Compared with participants with edentulism, older adults with 1 to 20 teeth had a lower likelihood of frailty (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17–0.88); these results were also found in older adults with more than 20 teeth (OR = 0.20, 0.07–0.57). Additionally, older adults who brush their teeth regularly have a lower likelihood of frailty than those who never brush their teeth (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.13–0.99).

Conclusion
Older nursing home residents who maintain their natural teeth can help lower the risk of frailty, and regular toothbrushing also contributes to decreasing the risk of frailty. Our study emphasizes the importance of oral health, and cohort studies with large-scale samples to address this important issue are warranted in the future.
The ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa grown in Korea exhibits anti-neuroinflammatory effects by activating of nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Kim Kwan-Woo , Lee Young-Seob , Yoon Dahye , Kim Geum-Soog , Lee Dae Young 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurcuma longahas been used as spices, food preservative, coloring material, and traditional medicine. This plant also has long been used for a variety of diseases including dyslipidemia, stomach disorders, arthritis, and hepatic diseases. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the 50% ethanolic extract ofC. longain lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells.MethodsGriess reaction was employed to measure the production of nitric oxide (NO), and the levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by using profit ELISA kits. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).ResultsPre-treatment with CLE inhibited the overproduction and overexpression of pro-inflammatory mediators including NO, PGE2, iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-induced BV2 cells. In addition, CLE suppressed the activation of the NF-κB and three MAPK signaling pathways. Treatment with CLE induced HO-1 protein expression by activating Nrf2 pathway, and inhibiting the HO-1 expression reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of CLE.ConclusionCLE showed anti-neuroinflammatory effects against LPS-induced microglial cells activation through the inhibition of production and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by negative regulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. These anti-neuroinflammatory effects of CLE were mediated by HO-1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Taken together, the present study suggests a potent effect of CLE to prevent neuroinflammatory diseases. It is necessary to perform additional efficacy evaluation through in vivo experiments.
Underrepresented in medicine students’ perspectives on impactful medical education
Authors: Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad , Negrete Manriquez Jose A. , McDermoth-Grimes Monique , Parra Elisabeth Alexandra , Prothrow-Stith Deborah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Exploring the perceptions of underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students about the medical education curriculum and learning environment could optimize their education outcomes. The current study delineated perceptions of URiM medical students about the unique elements and characteristics of an impactful medical education program that create a positive, supportive learning environment culture.

Methods
We conducted in-depth interviews with 15 URiM students between January 2018 and April 2018. Interviewees were recruited from an accredited medical education program in Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). The University is also a member of the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities in the U.S. The main question that guided the study was, “What do URiM students at a Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) medical school believe would make a medical education program (MEP) impactful?” We used the grounded theory analytical approach and performed content analysis via qualitative thematic evaluation.

Results
Of 112 enrolled medical students (MS), 15 verbally consented to participation. We identified four general themes and several subthemes. The themes include 1) Grounding learning in the community; 2) Progressive system-based practice competency; 3) Social justice competency and 4) Trauma-informed medical education delivery. Theme 1 included the following subthemes (a) community engagement, and (b) student-run clinic, mobile clinic, and homeless clinic rotations. Theme 2 includes (a) interprofessional learning and (b) multidisciplinary medicine for cultivating a ‘just’ healthcare system. Theme 3 includes (a) longitudinal social justice curriculum, (b) advocacy, and (c) health disparity research. Theme 4 had the following subdomains (a) early and ongoing mentoring and (b) provision of supportive policies, services and practices to maximize learning and mental health.

Conclusion
Our learners found that social justice, trauma-informed, community-based curricula are impactful for URiM learners. These findings highlight the need for further research to assess the impact of permeating the championship culture, community cultural wealth, and transformational education in all aspects of the MEP in providing a supporting and positive learning environment for URiM students.
The effects of orthodontic treatment on personal dental expenditures in South Korea: a follow-up study using Korean health panel survey
Authors: Kim Bo-Ra , Cho Han-A , Shin Hosung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the effects of orthodontic treatment on cumulative out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures for up to 8 years and the factors contributing to changes in individual OOP dental expenses.MethodsThe data of adults aged ≥19 years, 218 with experience of orthodontic treatment (OT group) and 654 without experience of orthodontic treatment (non-OT group) were extracted from the Korea Health Panel Survey between 2009 and 2017 using the propensity score matching method. The total personal OOP expenditure for dental care incurred after orthodontic treatment in the OT group and that incurred in the matched non-OT group were calculated. Since dependent variables, cumulative dental expenditures, were continuous with excess zeros, Tweedie compound Poisson linear models were used to explore the influence of orthodontic treatment experience and demographic and socioeconomic factors, including private insurance, on per capita OOP dental expenditures.ResultsThe OT group had socioeconomic characteristics distinct from those of general dental patients. The Box–Cox transformed per capita OOP expenditures for dental care in the OT group were lower than those in the non-OT group (P< 0.05). When all covariates were held constant, the non-OT group spent 1.4-times more on OOP dental expenditures, but this was not statistically significant (P> 0.1). The data from those with higher incomes revealed the opposite trend (P< 0.05), while the other covariates were not statistically significant.ConclusionsOrthodontic treatment had no positive or negative effect on future oral care use. This finding is similar to the inconsistent results of previous clinical studies on oral health and orthodontic treatment.
Understanding the impact of unequal utilization of medical services on the consumption of resources in hemophilia
Authors: Li Lele , He Xiaotong , Li Yixuan , Chen Xiangyu , Wang Xue , Li Chunhou 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Unequal utilization of medical services will have a significant impact on the consumption of resources entitled through health insurance claims of patients. With the proposal of the goal of Healthy China, it is essential to achieve the equity of medical service utilization of patients with rare diseases to further promote social equity and justice. To analyze the consumption of medical resources of rare disease patients, so as to explore how different medical insurance types impact patients’ medical resources consumption. This study pioneeringly used medical data from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. By analyzing the consumption data, this paper fills the research gap of existing studies on the analysis of medical service utilization inequality based on the perspective of insurance participation by examining the effects of different types of insurance coverage on medical resource consumption of hemophiliacs. At the same time, rare disease patients as a minority group have long been neglected in the analysis of medical resource consumption, and this paper fills the research gap of medical service utilization of this group to a certain extent by taking hemophiliacs as the object of analysis.

Methods
Based on the medical data of hemophilia patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2010 to 2020, we analyze the consumption of medical resources of the patients, and use a multiple regression model to explore how different medical insurance types impact patients’ medical resources consumption.

Results
The study has three main findings. Firstly, the disparity in medical expenditure among different hemophilia patients is quite obvious, and the drug expense accounts for a large proportion of the total cost. Secondly, the ratio of reimbursement is generally low, and there is a wide difference in the amount of reimbursement for different types of medical insurance. Thirdly, the resource consumption of patients with different medical insurance types differs a lot.

Conclusion
In order to improve the current medical insurance system and mechanism for providing orphan drugs, we put forward the following suggestions. First of all, the medical security system should expand its coverage to eliminate the medical expenditure gap between different hemophilia patients, therefore better promoting equity under the same insurance type. At the same time, the reimbursement level of medical expenses for patients with rare diseases should be appropriately improved, so as to reduce the financial burden of patients with rare diseases, and promote the realization of economic equity. In addition, society should pay special attention to the disadvantaged groups, reduce the differences between various medical insurance, and improve the level of health and equity of the whole society.
The effect of lumbar spinal manipulation on biomechanical factors and perceived transient pain during prolonged sitting: a laboratory-controlled cross-sectional study
Authors: De Carvalho D. E. , Callaghan J. P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Spinal manipulation has been shown to affect muscle activity, posture, and pain. To date, no studies have examined the effect of manipulation on biomechanical factors during sitting. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of lumbar spinal manipulation on trunk muscle activation, spine posture and movements, and perceived ratings of transient pain in asymptomatic adults during prolonged office sitting.

Methods
Twenty healthy adults were recruited for a single laboratory session that included a standardized office sitting/data entry protocol (120 min total, 3 blocks of 40 min). Data were collected between July and August 2012. The first block (baseline) was immediately followed by two experimental blocks. Prior to the start of each experimental block, participants were transferred to a therapy plinth and placed side lying (right side down), and a random presentation of either a control or high velocity low amplitude thrust directed at L4/L5 was delivered. Continuous measures of muscle activity, spine posture, and spine movements were recorded throughout the sitting trials. Perceived transient pain was measured by visual analogue scale at 10-min intervals (including immediately before and after the randomized maneuvers).

Results
There were no significant differences in spine or pelvic posture or perceived back pain following either the manipulation or control maneuvers. Significantly reduced muscle activity and increased shifts of the lumbar spine angle were identified in the block following manipulation compared to both baseline and post control blocks.

Conclusions
Spinal manipulation does not appear to have an immediate impact on spine or pelvic posture in healthy adults but does appear to reduce muscle activity and increase spine movement during sitting. Future work should replicate this study with a larger population in a field setting. It may be worthwhile to explore the implication of reduced muscle activation and increased spine movements during prolonged sitting for office workers that receive manipulations or mobilizations during their workday.
Historical changes of Chinese costumes from the perspective of archaeology
Authors: Liu Kaixuan , Zhou Shunmuzi , Zhu Chun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Garments are an important product in the history of human development. With the development of human history, there is also a constant reform and evolution of garments. As the bearer of historical culture in each period, the changes in the shape and production process of costume are the result of the continuous evolution of Chinese costume culture. Nowadays, historical artifacts from various dynasties are continuously unearthed, which are of great value for the study of ancient costumes. From the perspective of garment engineering and archaeology, this paper analyzes the representative costume-related artifacts of each dynasty, and through the understanding of the costume history and culture of each dynasty, 3D digital restoration of the costumes is carried out based on virtual fitting technology to show the more complete development of ancient costumes. It has a certain reference value for the study of the historical changes of ancient Chinese costumes, and it is also helpful for the preservation of ancient Chinese costumes and the promotion of ancient Chinese costume culture.
The predictability of orthodontic tooth movements through clear aligner among first-premolar extraction patients: a multivariate analysis
Authors: Ren Linghuan , Liu Lu , Wu Zhouqiang , Shan Di , Pu Lingling , Gao Yanzi , Tang Ziwei , Li Xiaolong , Jian Fan , Wang Yan , Long Hu , Lai Wenli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose was to determine the predictability of tooth movements through clear aligner among premolar extraction patients and to explore the effects of various factors on tooth movements.

Methods
A total of 31 extraction patients (10 males and 20 females; age 14–44) receiving clear aligner treatment (Invisalign) were enrolled in this study. The actual post-treatment models and pre-treatment models were superimposed using the palatal area as a reference and registered with virtual post-treatment models. A paired t test was used to compare the differences between actual and designed tooth movements of maxillary first molars, canines, and central incisors. A multivariate linear mixed model was performed to examine the influence of variables on actual tooth movements.

Results
Compared to the designed tooth movements, the following undesirable tooth movements occurred: mesial movement (2.2 mm), mesial tipping (5.4°), and intrusion (0.45 mm) of first molars; distal tipping (11.0°), lingual tipping (4.4°), and distal rotation of canines (4.9°); lingual tipping (10.6°) and extrusion (1.5 mm) of incisors. Age, crowding, mini-implant, overbite, and attachments have differential effects on actual tooth movements. Moreover, vertical rectangular attachments on canines are beneficial in achieving more predictable canine and incisor tooth movements over optimized attachments. Lingual tipping and extrusion of incisors were significantly influenced by the interaction effects between incisor power ridge and different canine attachments (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Incisors, canines, and first molars are subject to unwanted tooth movements with clear aligners among premolar extraction patients. Age, crowding, mini-implant, overbite, and attachments influence actual tooth movements. Moreover, vertical rectangular attachments on canines are beneficial in achieving more predictable incisor tooth movements over optimized canine attachments.
Role of mechano-sensitive non-coding RNAs in bone remodeling of orthodontic tooth movement: recent advances
Authors: Yan Lichao , Liao Li , Su Xiaoxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrthodontic tooth movement relies on bone remodeling and periodontal tissue regeneration in response to the complicated mechanical cues on the compressive and tensive side. In general, mechanical stimulus regulates the expression of mechano-sensitive coding and non-coding genes, which in turn affects how cells are involved in bone remodeling. Growing numbers of non-coding RNAs, particularly mechano-sensitive non-coding RNA, have been verified to be essential for the regulation of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis and have revealed how they interact with signaling molecules to do so. This review summarizes recent findings of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, as crucial regulators of gene expression responding to mechanical stimulation, and outlines their roles in bone deposition and resorption. We focused on multiple mechano-sensitive miRNAs such as miR-21, - 29, -34, -103, -494-3p, -1246, -138-5p, -503-5p, and -3198 that play a critical role in osteogenesis function and bone resorption. The emerging roles of force-dependent regulation of lncRNAs in bone remodeling are also discussed extensively. We summarized mechano-sensitive lncRNA XIST, H19, and MALAT1 along with other lncRNAs involved in osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Ultimately, we look forward to the prospects of the novel application of non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutics for tooth movement and periodontal tissue regeneration.
Permeability anisotropy in sandstones from the Soultz-sous-Forêts geothermal reservoir (France): implications for large-scale fluid flow modelling
Authors: Goupil Margaux , Heap Michael J. , Baud Patrick 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe successful exploitation of geothermal reservoirs relies upon the understanding of fluid circulation in the subsurface. However, large-scale fluid flow modelling often assumes that the permeability of the layers of rock within the model are isotropic. We present here a laboratory study in which we assessed the permeability anisotropy of seven Buntsandstein sandstone cores taken from the geothermal reservoir at Soultz-sous-Forêts (France) in the Upper Rhine Graben. The porosity and permeability of our samples, cored parallel and perpendicular to bedding, ranged from 5.2 to 16.3% and from 2.48 × 10−18to 7.66 × 10−14 m2, respectively. Our data show that permeability anisotropy can be up to four orders of magnitude in sandstones from the Buntsandstein, and that permeability anisotropy increases as a function of increasing porosity. Quantitative microstructural analysis combined with permeability modelling shows that the permeability anisotropy is the result of fine-grained and low-permeability laminations that are parallel or sub-parallel to bedding. We suggest, based on our data, that permeability anisotropy should be considered in future fluid flow modelling at geothermal sites within the Upper Rhine Graben.
A novel method to calculate compliance and airway resistance in ventilated patients
Authors: Gutierrez Guillermo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The respiratory system’s static compliance (Crs) and airway resistance (Rrs) are measured during an end-inspiratory hold on volume-controlled ventilation (static method). A numerical algorithm is presented to calculate Crs and Rrs during volume-controlled ventilation on a breath-by-breath basis not requiring an end-inspiratory hold (dynamic method).

Methods
The dynamic method combines a numerical solution of the equation of motion of the respiratory system with frequency analysis of airway signals. The method was validated experimentally with a one-liter test lung using 300 mL and 400 mL tidal volumes. It also was validated clinically using airway signals sampled at 32.25 Hz stored in a historical database as 131.1-s-long epochs. There were 15 patients in the database having epochs on volume-controlled ventilation with breaths displaying end-inspiratory holds. This allowed for the reliable calculation of paired Crs and Rrs values using both static and dynamic methods. Epoch mean values for Crs and Rrs were assessed by both methods and compared in aggregate form and individually for each patient in the study with Pearson’s R2 and Bland–Altman analysis. Figures are shown as median[IQR].

Results
Experimental method differences in 880 simulated breaths were 0.3[0.2,0.4] mL·cmH2O−1 for Crs and 0[− 0.2,0.2] cmH2O·s· L−1 for Rrs. Clinical testing included 78,371 breaths found in 3174 epochs meeting criteria with 24[21,30] breaths per epoch. For the aggregate data, Pearson’s R2 were 0.99 and 0.94 for Crs and Rrs, respectively. Bias ± 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were 0.2 ± 1.6 mL·cmH2O−1 for Crs and − 0.2 ± 1.5 cmH2O·s· L−1 for Rrs. Bias ± LOA median values for individual patients were 0.6[− 0.2, 1.4] ± 0.9[0.8, 1.2] mL·cmH2O−1 for Crs and − 0.1[− 0.3, 0.2] ± 0.8[0.5, 1.2] cmH2O·s· L−1 for Rrs.

Discussion
Experimental and clinical testing produced equivalent paired measurements of Crs and Rrs by the dynamic and static methods under the conditions tested.

Conclusions
These findings support to the possibility of using the dynamic method in continuously monitoring respiratory system mechanics in patients on ventilatory support with volume-controlled ventilation.