bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of malnutrition-related risk in patients with idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis
Authors: Suzuki Yuzo , Fukada Atsuki , Mori Kazutaka , Kono Masato , Hasegawa Hirotsugu , Hashimoto Dai , Yokomura Koshi , Imokawa Shiro , Inoue Yusuke , Yasui Hideki , Hozumi Hironao , Karayama Masato , Furuhashi Kazuki , Enomoto Noriyuki , Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Inui Naoki , Nakamura Hidenori , Suda Takafumi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (iPPFE) is characterized by upper lobe-dominant fibrosis involving the pleura and subpleural lung parenchyma, with advanced cases often complicated by progressive weight loss. Therefore, we hypothesised that nutritional status is associated with mortality in iPPFE.
Methods: This retrospective study assesses nutritional status at the time of diagnosis and one year after diagnosis in 125 patients with iPPFE. Malnutrition-related risk was evaluated using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI).
Results: Of the 125 patients, 96 (76.8%) were at malnutrition-related risk at the time of diagnosis according to GNRI. Of these, 21 patients (16.8%) were classified as at major malnutrition-related risk (GNRI <82). Patients at major malnutrition-related risk were significantly older and had worse pulmonary function than patients at low (92≤ GNRI <98)- and moderate (82≤ GNRI <92)-malnutrition-related risk. GNRI scores decreased significantly from the time of diagnosis to one year after diagnosis. Patients with lower GNRI (<91.7) had significantly shorter survival than patients with a median GNRI or higher (≥91.7). Patients with declines in annual GNRI scores of 5 or greater had significantly shorter survival than patients with declines in GNRI scores of less than 5. In multivariate analysis, major malnutrition-related risk was significantly associated with increased mortality after adjustment for age, sex and forced vital capacity (hazard-ratio, 1.946). A composite scoring model including age, sex and major malnutrition-related risk was able to separate mortality risk in iPPFE.
Conclusion: Assessment of nutritional status by GNRI provides useful information for managing patients with iPPFE by predicting mortality risk. (250 words)
Swirling Flow and Capillary Diameter Effect on the Performance of an Active Dry Powder Inhalers (DPI)
Authors: Taheri Mohammad Hasan , Askari Nematollah , Feng Yaning , Nabaei Malikeh , Islam Mohammad S. , Farnoud Ali , Cui Xinguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For patients with lung disease, dry powder inhalers (DPI) are profoundly beneficial. The current study introduces and develops a series of dry powder inhalers (DPIs). A capsule-based (size 0) active DPI was considered. The study aims to investigate whether swirling flow and outlet capillary diameter (dc_out) affect the percentage of emitted doses (ED) released from the capsule. Spiral vanes were added to the capillary inlet to produce a swirling flow. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to simulate the problem. The results were compared with previous in vitro and numerical studies to validate the results. Based on the derived results, the small swirl parameter (SP) enhances the secondary flow and recirculation zone. It increases the central jet flow, which increases the ED value by about 5-20% compared to no-swirl flow. However, as the airflow rate increases, the recirculation zone enlarges, vorticities become dominant, and asymmetrical flow patterns emerge. Consequently, ED % drops significantly (more than 50%). As dc_out decreases, the vorticities around the outlet capillary become more potent, which is undesirable. Indeed, the emptying of the capsule does not happen ideally. The research provides a perspective on the device's design and DPI performance.
Whole-Genome Variants Discovery of FMD Virus Isolated from Cattle Population in Pakistan
Authors: Munir Anam , Anjum Aftab Ahmed , Altaf Imran , Awan Ali Raza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is extremely contagious and multispecies that has a severe impact on animal trade across the borders. FMD virus may cause epidemics resulting in devastation of livestock industry so, it’s worthy to explore the genomic architecture of virus to harness the mortality and morbidity particularly in cattle from Pakistan. Epithelial scrapping samples of sick animals were taken from Punjab, Pakistan and cDNA of virus was sequenced through short-read NGS Illumina technology followed by variant calling analysis to reveal how novel variants give rise to new lineage in the region for a comprehensive insight of its genomic landscape. Haplotype-based variant discovery was performed by Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK4) with Mutect2 using Pan Asia-II as reference genome. A total of 708 variants including 642 SNPs, 38 MNPs and 28 INDELs were observed. Furthermore, whole genome annotation revealed high, low, moderate and modifier impact variants count as 10(1.28%), 514(66.15%), 115(14.80%) and 138(17.76%) respectively which are distributed in VP3, 2C, 3B and 3D proteins of FMDV. Similarly, transitions-to-transversions ratio (3.75) and missense-to-silent ratio (0.1634) across the whole genome with 639 exonic, 3 downstream, 69 intergenic and 66 upstream effects were also identified. Whereas, high impact-frame shift mutations were concentrated in 5000-7000 nucleotide positions of the genome. A worth-mentioning deletion mutation of 75bp at 5276 position harbor 2C protein. The current whole genome variant discovery of FMDV will add new insight to understand the micro-evolution, speedy emergence of strains, mutation associated disease-severity and it’s lineage to prevent the prevalence of this catastrophe.
Effects of HDAC inhibitors on neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell differentiation into mature neurons via the Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Choi Jiyun , Hwang Jinsu , Mahesh Ramalingam , Jeong Han-Seong , Jang Sujeong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors affect cell homeostasis, gene expression, and cell cycle progression and promote cell terminal differentiation or apoptosis. However, the effect of HDAC inhibition on SH-SY5Y cells, neuroblastoma cells capable of differentiating into neurons under specific conditions, such as in presence of retinoic acid (RA), is unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that HDAC inhibitors induced the neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. To test this hypothesis, we used phase contrast microscopy, immunocytochemistry (ICC), reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), and western blot analysis. MS-275 and valproic acid (VPA), two HDAC inhibitors, were selected to evaluate neuronal differentiation. It was confirmed that cells treated with MS-275 or VPA differentiated into mature neurons, distinguished by bipolar or multipolar morphologies with elongated branches. In addition, the mRNA expression of neuronal markers (MAP2 and NEFH), the astrocytic marker (GFAP), and the oligodendrocyte marker (CNP) was significantly increased with MS-275 or VPA treatment compared to RA treatment. Interestingly, the mRNA expression of NEFM, another neuronal marker, was only increased in VPA treatment compared to RA treatment. In addition, the protein expression of Tuj1 and NeuN, other neuronal markers, were highly expressed with HDAC inhibitors compared to RA treatment. Furthermore, we confirmed that non-canonical Wnt signaling was upregulated with HDAC inhibitors via MAPK signaling and the Wnt/JNK pathway. Therefore, both MS-275 and VPA promoted the differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells into mature neurons via the Wnt signaling pathway.
Structure elucidation and anti-Klebsiella activity with in silico ADME prediction and molecular docking of the bioactive metabolite from Aspergillus sp. 3MAG
Authors: awady Mohamed E. El , Abdulrazik Ghada , Hamed Ahmed A. , Hassan Mervat G. , Abdel-Monem Mohamed O. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Marine environments are considered an interesting source of new active ingredients. The discovery and subsequent clinical introduction of antibiotics is one of the most important game-changers in the history of medicine. So, A pure compound of Dibutyl phthalate ester was extracted from a marine-derived fungus of Aspergillussp. 3MAG isolated from soft coral collected from the Red Sea. The suppression of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain 3MAG by Dibutyl phthalate ester was an intriguing finding in our investigation measured by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of value 40 µg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of value 200 µg/ml. The kinetic time killer curve showed that the bacterial cells die within 4 hours. The transmission electron microscope technique detected Klebsiella pneumoniae strain 3MAG cellular damage after being exposed to Dibutyl phthalate ester instead of its typical cell shape. Bacterial and fungal strains were molecularly identified. The fractionation and purification of the Dibutyl phthalate ester compound were achieved using silica gel column G254 and preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Spectrum data such as UV spectroscopy, LC-mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) aided in the structure elucidation of Dibutyl phthalate. The ADME-related physicochemical properties of the obtained compound were predicted using SwissADME web tools and the ProToxii webserver was used to estimate in silico toxicity. While by using inslico molecular docking, Dibutyl phthalate ester interacted with OMPA (7RJJ) through hydrophobic contact with THR475, GLU480, GLN485 and LEU486, Cation-pi interaction with GLU480 and Hydrogen bond with ASN484, THR475 and LEU486 which may lead to disruption of the Klebsiella pneumoniae outer membrane.
Site characterisation based seismic microzonation of the Himalayan region: Implication towards seismic risk assessment for sustainable tunnelling projects
Authors: Ansari Abdullah , Rao KS , Jain AK 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Infrastructure projects require billions of dollars, but they are destroyed in seconds due to strong ground motion during earthquakes. The disaster mitigation cell of any nation seeks sustainable and resilient infrastructure schemes to reduce the catastrophic effects of any seismic hazard. This study attempted to carry out detailed seismic microzonation of Jammu Region (JR), which is located in the northwestern part of the Himalayas. To accomplish this, seismic hazard analysis and liquefaction assessment are carried out, with a primary focus on site characterisation using geophysical field testing. For the proposed seismic zones, the performance and vulnerability of tunnels are evaluated under various seismic environments. Further, seismic risk of the 345 km long Udhampur Srinagar Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) Project is assessed for serviceability in post-seismic conditions. The proposed zonation, risk matrices, and route maps will be useful for auditioning existing and proposed tunnelling projects in this area. This will pave the way for earthquake-resistant design of sustainable infrastructure projects in seismically active areas like the Himalayas.
Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti in Southern and Northern Ghana
Authors: Abdulai Anisa , Owusu-Asenso Christopher Mfum , Akosah-Brempong Gabriel , Abdul Rahim Mohammed , Sr Isaac Kwame , Attah Simon Kwaku , Forson Akua Obeng , Weetman David , Afrane Yaw Asare 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Outbreaks of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases are becoming rampant in Africa. In Ghana, there is no organized arboviral control programme with interventions restricted to mitigate outbreaks. Insecticide application is a crucial part of outbreak responses and future preventative control measures. Thus, knowledge of the resistance status and underlying mechanisms of Aedes populations is required to ensure optimal insecticide choices. The present study assessed the insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti populations from southern Ghana (Accra, Tema and Ada Foah) and northern Ghana (Navrongo) respectively.
Methods
Phenotypic resistance was determined with WHO susceptibility tests using Ae. aegypti collected as larvae and reared into adults. Knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations were detected using allele-specific PCR. Synergist assays were performed with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to investigate the possible involvement of metabolic mechanisms in resistance phenotypes.
Results
Resistance to DDT was moderate to high across sites (11.3–75.8%) and for the pyrethroids, deltamethrin and permethrin, moderate resistance was detected (62.5–88.8%). The 1534C kdr and 1016I kdr alleles were common in all sites (0.65 to 1) and may be on a trajectory toward fixation. In addition, a third kdr mutant, V410L, was detected at lower frequencies (0.03 to 0.31). Pre-exposure to PBO significantly increased the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti to deltamethrin and permethrin (P < 0.001). This indicates that in addition to kdr mutants, metabolic enzymes (monooxygenases) may be involved in the resistance phenotypes observed in the Ae. aegypti populations in these sites.
Conclusion
Insecticide resistance underpinned by multiple mechanisms in Ae. aegypti indicates the need for surveillance to assist in developing appropriate vector control strategies for arboviral disease control in Ghana.
Positive impact of a new compressive garment in patients with genital lymphedema: OLYMPY STUDY
Authors: Mestre Sandrine , Vignes Stéphane , Malloizel-Delaunay Julie , Abba Sarah , Villet Stéphanie , Picolet Astrid , Vicaut Eric , Quéré Isabelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Genital lymphedema is a chronic debilitating condition associated with highly impaired health-related quality of life (QoL). This prospective multi-center study evaluated the use of a new compressive garment in patients with secondary and primary genital lymphedema.
Methods: 32 patients prospectively enrolled were advised to wear the compressive garment for 12 weeks (day and night). The primary endpoint was change in patient-reported QoL at 12 weeks via the patient global impression of change (PGI-C) instrument. Secondary outcomes included change in other QoL measures at 12 weeks (VAS, LyQLI and EQ-5D questionnaires), lymphedema severity (Genital Lymphedema Score (GLS)) and physician assessment (Clinical Global Impression- Improvement (CGI-I)). Safety and tolerability were also assessed.
Results: After 12 weeks, improvement was reported in 78.6% of patients (PGI-C). Physician assessment (CGI-I) indicated clinical improvement in 82.8% of patients. Patient assessment of lymphedema symptoms showed a significant decrease in discomfort (p = 0.02) and swelling (p = 0.01). Significant declines in mean global GLS scores (p < 0.0001), and in the proportion of patients reporting heaviness, tightness, swelling or urinary dysfunction (p < 0.05 for all) were also observed. LyQLI scores decreased (indicating improved QoL) in each of the physical, psychosocial (p = 0.05) and practical domains. The compressive garment was well tolerated with high compliance and adverse events (due to swelling or discomfort) led to permanent discontinuation in only 3 patients.
Conclusions: Use of a new genital compression garment over 12 weeks improves QoL and clinical measures in patients with genital lymphedema (NCT04602559; Registration: 10/20/2020).
Impact of trace elements on stability and detoxification of imazethapyr herbicide in water and milk
Authors: Hassan Jalal , Abedini Sepideh , Koohi Mohammad , Hejazy Marzie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Imazethapyr is a herbicide belongs to the class of imidazolinone herbicides. Exposure to Imazethapyr (IM) causes residues in body and biological systems. This study was carried out to evaluate the stability of imazethapyr in different chemical & physical conditions such as temperature, ionic strength, pH, presence of metallic ions (Ag+, Cu+2, Na+, Mg+2) in water and milk matrix to predict the factors can diminish Imazethapyr (IM) toxicity in biological systems and environment. Monitoring of imazethapyr was performed using liquid chromatography systems.
The results were shown that temperature and pH and the (Ag+, Na+, Mg+2) ions have no effect on stability degradation or interaction of imazethapyr. Only copper ions (Cu+2) showed selective interaction with imazethapyr and form complex with imazethapyr. This study revealed Cu+2 ions have effect through stabilisation of imazethapyr by complexation. This process can use for detoxification of imazethapyr and Cu+2 in environment and biological systems.
Engineering osmolysis susceptibility in Cupriavidus necator and Escherichia coli for recovery of intracellular products
Authors: Adams Jeremy David , Sander Kyle B. , Criddle Craig S. , Arkin Adam P. , Clark Douglas S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Intracellular biomacromolecules, such as industrial enzymes and biopolymers, represent an important class of bio-derived products obtained from bacterial hosts. A common key step in the downstream separation of these biomolecules is lysis of the bacterial cell wall to effect release of cytoplasmic contents. Cell lysis is typically achieved either through mechanical disruption or reagent-based methods, which introduce issues of energy demand, material needs, high costs, and scaling problems. Osmolysis, a cell lysis method that relies on hypoosmotic downshock upon resuspension of cells in distilled water, has been applied for bioseparations such as the purification of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from extreme halophiles and protein products from mammalian cells. However, most industrial bacterial strains are non-halotolerant and relatively resistant to hypoosmotic cell lysis.
Results:
To overcome this limitation, we developed two strategies to increase the susceptibility of non-halotolerant hosts to osmolysis using Cupriavidus necator, a strain often used in electromicrobial production, as a prototypical strain. In one strategy, C. necator was evolved to increase its halotolerance from 1.5% to 3.25% (w/v) NaCl through adaptive laboratory evolution, and genes potentially responsible for this phenotypic change were identified by whole genome sequencing. The evolved halotolerant strain experienced an osmolytic efficiency of 47% in distilled water following growth in 3% (w/v) NaCl. In a second strategy, the cells were made susceptible to osmolysis by knocking out the large-conductance mechanosensitive channel (mscL) gene in C. necator. When these strategies were combined by knocking out the mscL gene from the evolved halotolerant strain, greater than 90% osmolytic efficiency was observed upon osmotic downshock. A modified version of this strategy was applied to E. coli BL21 by deleting the mscL and mscS (small-conductance mechanosensitive channel) genes. When grown in medium with 4% NaCl and subsequently resuspended in distilled water, this engineered strain experienced 75% cell lysis, although decreases in cell growth rate due to higher salt concentrations were observed.
Conclusions:
Our strategy is shown to be a simple and effective way to lyse cells for the purification of intracellular biomacromolecules and may be applicable in many bacteria used for bioproduction.
Effect of demographic factors on the outcome of early intervention therapy among the children with autism spectrum disorder in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Sahidur , Hoque Mahfara , Hafiz Promugdha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders is a group of neuro-developmental disorders affecting one in every 100 children worldwide. The cornerstone of ASD management is based on early intervention programs targeted to improve communication, socialization, and behavior skills. This study, conducted at the child development center of a tertiary care hospital in Chattogram city of Bangladesh, aimed to determine the effect of age and other demographic variables on the outcome of early intervention therapy on the improvement of skills of children with ASD. Participants included two groups of children (75 per group) with ASD having different ages - below three years and three to five years. The diagnosis was confirmed using different tools like neurodevelopment assessment form, Bayley scales, M Chat, ICD 10 criteria, and how and why. The intervention was provided on a 1:1 basis and given six subsequent sessions every two months throughout the one-year study period. Statistically significant improvements were observed in different skills in the young age children than in the older group. Almost half of the children (49.3%) from the old age group remained in own agenda stage. On the other hand, all children of young age have significantly improved in early communicator (46.7%), the requester (41.3%), and partner (12%) stages. Moreover, the monthly family income of children posed a significant effect on the outcome of the intervention therapy. The study suggests the initiation of early intervention therapy before age three to get a significant improvement in communication skills of children.
Dendroecological analysis of the remote endemic Nothomyrcia fernandeziana forests of Robinson Crusoe Island in the Southeast Pacific
Authors: Almonacid Pamela , Rojas-Badilla Moisés , LeQuesne Carlos , Muñoz-Salazar Tomás , Christie Duncan A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Juan Fernández Archipelago National Park is located in the Southeast Pacific Ocean ~ 670 km off the coast of Chile. Composed by three islands, encompasses an ecosystem with 208 native plant species of which 64% are endemic. Robinson Crusoe Island (RCI) is the largest and the only with a permanent human population. Among the tree species of RCI, Nothomyrcia fernandeziana is the most abundant and dominant forming part of this fragile forest ecosystem. Despite this, there is very little information regarding its autoecology and conservation. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the radial growth patterns of N. fernandeziana and its longevity using dendrochronological methods. For this purpose, cross sections of trees blown down by wind were collected in conjunction with park rangers from five different sites and analyzed using tree-ring methods. Our results confirm that N. fernandeziana is a shade-tolerant species capable of maintaining extremely low initial growth rates under the canopy for several decades. Individual growth series were found to respond rapidly to changes in environmental conditions, revealed by abrupt positive and negative changes in their annual growth. Our data indicate a longevity of up to 450 years, with one N. fernandeziana individual established in the mid XVII century before the arrival of humans to the pristine island ecosystem. The results of this study are essential to strengthen RCI conservation plans considering restoration actions based on the autoecology of this rare endemic tree species, and the control of exotic invasive species that presently threatens the RCI forests ecosystems.