bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen recovery from ozone generators by adsorption processes
Authors: Luberti Mauro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs a triatomic allotrope of oxygen, ozone has many industrial and consumer applications because of its high oxidation potential and disinfectant properties. Most of the ozone is currently produced by corona discharge reactors using high-purity oxygen as the feed gas, where the conversion to ozone is typically 6−15 wt%. Given the high operating costs associated with the unreacted oxygen, it is essential to recover the oxygen for recycling to the ozone generator. This paper aims for the first time to design, simulate and assess cyclic adsorption processes for recovering oxygen from a mixture of ozone and oxygen (O3:O2 = 10:90 wt%) produced by a commercial ozone generator. A 2-bed, 2-step cycle was first investigated in which ozone is selectively adsorbed at high pressure and then desorbed by dry air used as a sweep gas. However, it was found that the O2 purity in the recycle stream was too low because of the nitrogen build up from air. Thus, two additional cycles, namely a 3-bed, 3-step cycle incorporating an oxygen purge step and a 3-bed, 4-step cycle incorporating a vacuum blowdown step, were evaluated with the purpose of removing nitrogen from the bed after the desorption step. Both adsorption cycles achieved a satisfactory O2 purity of 98+% in the recycle stream with a sacrifice of O2 recovery and an increase in energy consumption, respectively. As a result, the adsorption processes devised in this study could serve to significantly reduce the oxygen consumption in industrial ozone generators.
Estrogen therapy after breast cancer diagnosis and breast cancer mortality risk
Authors: Sund Maria , Garmo Hans , Andersson Anne , Margolin Sara , Ahlgren Johan , Valachis Antonis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The safety of local estrogen therapy in patients on adjuvant endocrine treatment is questioned, but evidence on the issue is scarce. This nested case–control registry-based study aimed to investigate whether estrogen therapy affects breast cancer mortality risk in women on adjuvant endocrine treatment.

Methods
In a cohort of 15,198 women diagnosed with early hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer and adjuvant endocrine treatment, 1262 women died due to breast cancer and were identified as cases. Each case was matched with 10 controls. Exposure to estrogen therapy with concurrent use of aromatase inhibitors (AIs), tamoxifen, or both sequentially, was compared between cases and controls.

Results
No statistically significant difference in breast cancer mortality risk was seen in patients with exposure to estrogen therapy concurrent to endocrine treatment, neither in short-term or in long-term estrogen therapy use.

Conclusions
The study strengthens current evidence on local estrogen therapy use in breast cancer survivors, showing no increased risk for breast cancer mortality in patients on adjuvant AIs or tamoxifen.
How does the UNFCCC enable multi-level learning for the governance of adaptation?
Authors: Gonzales-Iwanciw Javier , Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen Sylvia , Dewulf Art 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdaptation has become a priority in global climate change governance since the adoption of the Cancun Adaptation Framework and the Paris Agreement. Adaptation to climate change has been increasingly recognized as a multi-level governance challenge in both the United Nations Framework Climate Change Convention (UNFCCC) regime and academic literature. This recognition often includes, explicitly or implicitly, the role that learning can play across governance levels to accelerate and scale up responses to address adaptation challenges. However, there is no comprehensive assessment in academic literature of how multi-level learning has been considered in the UNFCCC regime, what the enabling factors are, and the outcomes of such learning. Drawing on approaches suggested by multi-level governance and learning literature, this paper seeks to fill this knowledge gap by focusing on the ways in which the UNFCCC multilateral process enables multi-level learning for the governance of adaptation and how it could be enhanced. This will be accomplished through a legal–technical analysis of the enabling factors of multi-level learning in the governance of adaptation under the UNFCCC. Qualitative research methods have been applied for the thematic analysis of selected documentation, complemented by interviews and personal observations of adaptation negotiations in the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement. Results are presented according to three research questions oriented to understand how institutional design of adaptation under the UNFCCC enables multi-level learning; the learning strategies adopted across levels of governance; and the way the UNFCCC regime understands the contribution of multi-level learning for adaptation outcomes.
Pluralist neurophenomenology: a reply to Lopes
Authors: Yoshimi Jeff 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLopes (2021) has argued against my use of neural networks and dynamical systems theory in neurophenomenology. Responding to his argument provides an opportunity to articulate a pluralist approach to neurophenomenology, according to which multiple theoretical frameworks—symbolic, dynamical systems, connectionist, etc.—can be used to study consciousness and its relationship to neural activity. Each type of analysis is best suited to specific phenomena, but they are mutually compatible and can inform and constrain one another in non-trivial ways. I use historical and conceptual arguments to elaborate on this type of pluralism as it applies to cognitive science, phenomenology, and neurophenomenology.
Comparing the effects of reduced social contact on psychosocial wellbeing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal survey from two Norwegian counties
Authors: Kalseth Jorid , Ådnanes Marian , Ose Solveig Osborg , Lassemo Eva , Kaspersen Silje L. , das Nair Roshan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine changes to people’s social contact during COVID-19, and whether reduced social contact was associated with changes to psychosocial wellbeing.

Methods
Questionnaire data were collected from a sample of adult respondents (18 years or more) in two Norwegian counties participating pre-COVID-19 (September 2019–February 2020; n = 20,196) and at two time points during COVID-19 (June [Mid] and November/December [Late] 2020; n = 11,953 and n = 10,968, respectively). The main outcome measures were participants' self-reported changes to social contact, loneliness, psychological distress, and life satisfaction.

Results
The proportion of respondents reporting less social contact due to COVID-19 decreased from 62% in Mid-2020 to 55% in Late-2020. Overall, reported psychological wellbeing remained unchanged or improved from pre-COVID-19 to Mid-2020. From Mid-2020 to Late-2020, however, a reduction in psychological wellbeing was observed. Poorer psychological wellbeing was found for those with less social contact during the pandemic compared with people reporting unchanged social contact. This effect increased over time and was observed for all age groups at Late-2020. At Mid-2020, the importance of change in social contact for change in psychological wellbeing was greatest among young adults (< 30 years), while no significant differences were found for the oldest age group.

Conclusion
The association between COVID-19-era changes to social contact and loneliness, psychological distress, and life satisfaction is complex and appears to be age-dependent. Future studies should consider the quality of social contact and cultural contexts in which social restrictions are imposed.
On Disavowal
Authors: Paterson Grace 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the speech act of disavowal, focusing in particular on disavowals of prior speech acts. It is argued that disavowals are often used when speakers wish to distance themselves in certain ways from some past speech act, but cannot (or should not) retract it. An account is offered according to which disavowals involve three components: an admission of having performed the target act, a denunciation of that act, and an accounting for the act. Disavowals are compared to the related speech acts of denial, retraction, apology, as well as the use of figleaves in political speech.
The impact of COVID-19 on managing ophthalmic diseases: an international, descriptive study
Authors: Waisberg Ethan , Ong Joshua , Zaman Nasif , Kamran Sharif Amit , Tavakkoli Alireza , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Anecdotally, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in more severe cases of eye disease, decreased medication compliance/availability, and decreased treatment volume due to the lockdown.

Aims
We aim to quantify and bring together a variety of international perspectives from ophthalmologists of different subspecialties to characterize the global impact of COVID-19 on managing various ophthalmic disease.

Methods
An online survey of 10 questions was conducted among ophthalmologists using a specialized survey program.

Results
Fifty-two ophthalmologists were successfully contacted. Survey respondents include ophthalmologists from USA, Canada, Korea, Mexico, and New Zealand. Based on the results of our survey, 1 year after the pandemic, ophthalmic disease severity has worsened as well as a decrease in examination and medication compliance.

Conclusions
Ophthalmologists across the world have reported a general increase in disease severity and decrease in medication and examination compliance 1 year after the beginning of COVID-19.
Dental age estimation using the Kvaal method—an evaluation of length and width ratios: a systematic review
Authors: Kazmi S. , Zaidi Syed Jaffar Abbas , Reesu Gowri Vijay , Shepherd Simon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to systematically review the correlational accuracy between width ratios and length ratios based on the Kvaal methodology with chronological age. This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The search strategy included ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and Taylor and Francis and Willey online without time or language restriction using Kvaal method of age estimation as key words for the search up to December 2021. A team of two researchers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The Covidence platform was used to systematically organize all titles. The full texts of eligible studies were analyzed. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using a modified (to the specific characteristics of this systematic review) checklist based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement checklist for observational studies. A total of 658 articles were initially reviewed, but 22 were selected for inclusion. The risk of bias was estimated to be unclear to low overall. Among the length ratios, ratio R showed a strong association with chronological age, followed by ratio P. For the width ratios, ratio B demonstrated a close association with chronological age, followed by ratio C. The results suggest that width ratios correlate better with chronological age than length ratios. This systematic review suggests the width ratios are more strongly associated with chronological age than the length ratios. Using a width ratio could serve as a convenient and rapid way to estimate dental age. Our results apply equally to all types of ethnic groups.
Energy efficiency at building sites: barriers and drivers
Authors: Palm Jenny , Bryngelson Emma 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe construction industry is an important societal sector and a major consumer of energy. Improved energy efficiency is important for this sector, but energy efficiency at construction sites has so far been under-researched. The aim of this article is to analyse the drivers of and barriers to improved energy efficiency at construction sites, as perceived by professional actors. The peer-reviewed research and the grey literature on the topic were reviewed, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 relevant professionals in Sweden. The identified barriers were related to lack of money, split incentives, lack of standards and procedures, low electricity prices, lack or regulations, lack of knowledge and information and the conservatism of the industry. The identified drivers were regulations forcing actors to implement energy efficiency, environmental and building certifications, internal education, be part of an industry network, engaged electricity utility company providing information, supportive top and site managers, competition between construction sites, the existence of a plan, checklists or project database, back-office support and client demand of energy efficiency.
Insights into the frontier zone of Upper Seine Valley (France) during the Bronze Age through subsistence strategies and dietary patterns
Authors: Varalli Alessandra , Peake Rebecca , Auxiette Ginette , Balter Vincent , Delattre Valérie , Gouge Patrick , Mordant Claude , Roscio Mafalda , Toulemonde Françoise , André Guy , Herrscher Estelle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Upper Seine Valley sees during the Bronze Age an increase in settlements and cemeteries characterized by a variety of architectures and funerary practices. This variability originates from the coalescence of two cultural traditions, the Atlantic culture from the northwest and the Continental culture from the east, which find its roots in the Upper Rhine area. In this context, our research aims to understand the cultural identity of these communities by reconstructing subsistence economy and palaeodietary patterns and to trace human mobility, which influenced lifestyle and social–economic dynamics. Adding new 10 AMS dating and using multi-isotope (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S) and multi-proxy (botanical, animal and human remains) biochemical investigations, we detected changes in dietary habits throughout the Bronze Age linked to varying C3 and C4 plant consumption and diverse animal protein intake by humans. Three main outcomes are highlighted: (1) a variety of farming strategies with different manuring intensity according to the cereal species; (2) site-specific dietary patterns; (3) an increase in millet and animal protein intake during the Late Bronze Age. Moreover, results from one cemetery reveal that individual mobility is more significant for males. These dietary variations, differential agricultural strategies and mobility are consistent with other western Europe research, supporting major global changes in all of Europe at the end of the Bronze Age.
Groundwater quality assessment along the West of New Damietta Coastal City of Egypt using an integrated geophysical and hydrochemical approaches
Authors: Gamal Gehad , Hassan Taher Mohammed , Gaber Ahmed , Abdelfattah Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently, the groundwater became very important source for the Egyptian water balance. Therefore, assessing its quality and quantity is necessary before initiating any developmental plans using this resource. In this research, a new operated power plant, which is located in the coastal area of West New Damietta City, north-east of Egypt was designed to work using the coastal groundwater aquifer. Therefore, an integrated approaches of both geophysical methods and hydrochemical analysis were applied to identify the subsurface lithology, the water-bearing layers and determine the potential use of such coastal groundwater. Therefore, a total of seventeen vertical electrical soundings (VES) and five time-domain electromagnetic soundings (TEM) were performed. Moreover, groundwater samples were collected from seven existing wells to be analyzed for water quality assessment. The geophysical results identified five geoelectric layers. The first geoelectric layer has a resistivity of 1–7.9 Ω m and a thickness range of 7–9 m. The second layer has a resistivity of 0.9–4.4 Ω m and a thickness range of 7–8 m. The third layer is 10–21 m thick with a resistivity value of 0.5–2 Ω m. The fourth layer, which is thicker (29 to 42 m), has a resistivity of 0.7–3 Ω m, while the last layer has a resistivity of 1.7–9 Ω m. According to the hydrochemical analysis, the aquifer is dominated by Na–Cl water type. The brackish nature of the water is revealed by the TDS range of 7035 mg/l to 7735 mg/l. The results collected demonstrate the groundwater's quantity and quality availability for the power plant’s sustainable use.
Blown away? Wind speed and foraging success in an acoustic predator
Authors: Renda Samantha , Périquet Stéphanie , le Roux Aliza 
Published: February 2023

AbstractForaging animals must contend with fluctuating environmental variables that affect foraging success, including conditions like wind noise, which could diminish the usefulness of particular sensory modes. Although the documented impact of anthropogenic noise on animal behavior has become clear, there is limited research on natural noise and its potential influence on mammalian behavior. We investigated foraging behavior in the myrmecophagous bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis), a species known to rely predominantly on hearing for prey detection. For a year, we monitored the foraging behavior of 18 bat-eared foxes from a habituated population in South Africa, amidst varying wind speeds (0–15.5 km/h). In contrast to expectations, foraging rates did not generally decline with increasing wind speed, except for foraging rate outside termite patches in fall. Furthermore, wind speed had little correlation with time spent in patches. In winter, however, we observed an increase in foraging rate with increasing wind speed both within and outside patches. At the observed wind speeds, these acoustically driven insectivores continue to forage effectively despite potentially distracting or masking noises. With anthropogenic noise producing sound across a broader frequency range, it is important to examine the responses of these canids to artificial sources of acoustic disturbance as well.
‘Teachers are the guinea pigs’: teacher perspectives on a sudden reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ryan Jillian , Koehler Nicole , Cruickshank Travis , Rogers Shane L. , Stanley Mandy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrimary and secondary education systems experienced substantial disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about how public health policy has affected Australian teachers during the pandemic. This study examines teacher perspectives on a sudden change of policy, whereby schools were abruptly opened to students at the beginning of the pandemic. At the same time, strict social distancing rules applied to the remainder of the population. Qualitative data from 372 Western Australian schoolteachers were analysed using thematic analysis. Results highlight substantial impacts on teachers’ workloads and adverse effects on wellbeing. Perceptions that they were acting as guinea pigs and subjected to different social distancing rules than other citizens were particular stressors. Findings highlight substantial consequences of public health policies on the roles and wellbeing of teachers.
Biomass gasification to syngas in thermal water vapor arc discharge plasma
Authors: Tamošiūnas Andrius , Gimžauskaitė Dovilė , Aikas Mindaugas , Uscila Rolandas , Snapkauskienė Vilma , Zakarauskas Kęstutis , Praspaliauskas Marius 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study investigated biomass (wood pellets) gasification to syngas using direct current (DC) thermal arc plasma at atmospheric pressure. Water vapor was used as a main gasifying agent and a plasma-forming gas. The biomass gasification system was quantified in terms of the producer gas composition, the tar content, the H2/CO ratio, the carbon conversion efficiency, the energy conversion efficiency and the specific energy requirements. It was found that the gasification performance efficiency was highest at the water vapor-to-biomass ratio of 0.97. The producer gas was mostly composed of H2 (43.86 vol.%) and CO (30.93 vol.%), giving the H2/CO ratio of 1.42 and the LHV of 10.23 MJ/Nm3. However, high content of tars of 13.81 g/Nm3 was obtained in the syngas. The yield of H2 and CO was 48.31% and 58.13%, respectively, with the highest producer gas yield of 2.42 Nm3/kg biomass. The carbon conversion efficiency and the energy conversion efficiency were 100% and 48.83%, respectively, and the production of 1 kg of syngas required 1.78 kWh of electric energy input. Finally, the obtained results were compared with different plasma methods, including plasma-assisted application coupled with conventional gasification.
Effects of Probiotic and Selenium Co-supplementation on Lipid Profile and Glycemia Indices: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Mohammadparast Vida , Mohammadi Tanin , Karimi Elham , Mallard Beth L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The current systematic review and meta-analysis was done to evaluate the effects of selenium and probiotic co-supplementation on lipid profile and glycemia indices of the adult population using randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs).

Recent Findings
Five studies involving 282 participants with a sample size ranging from 38 to 79 were eligible to be enrolled in the current study. Co-supplementation with probiotic and selenium reduced fasting plasma glucose (WMD =  −4.02 mg/dL; 95% CI: −5.87 to −2.18; P < 0.001), insulin (WMD =  −2.50 mIU/mL; 95% CI: −3.11 to −1.90; P < 0.001), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (WMD =  −0.59; 95% CI: −0.74 to −0.43; P < 0.001), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (WMD = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02; P < 0.001), total cholesterol (WMD =  −12.75 mg/dL; 95% CI: −19.44 to −6.07; P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD =  −7.09 mg/dL; 95% CI: −13.45 to −0.73; P = 0.029), and triglyceride (WMD =  −14.38 mg/dL; 95% CI: −23.13 to −5.62; P = 0.001).

Summary
The findings of the current systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that co-supplementation with probiotics and selenium may benefit adults in terms of glycemia indices and lipid profile. However, due to the small number of included studies, further trials are needed to confirm our findings.
Strengthening Global Legislative Actions to Protect Children from the Harmful Impacts of Unhealthy Food and Non-alcoholic Beverage Marketing
Authors: Sing Fiona , Backholer Kathryn 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Drawing on current global food marketing policies and the academic literature, we illustrate why and how existing legislative approaches can be strengthened to better achieve the goal of protecting children from the harmful impacts of unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing.

Recent Findings
Around the world, governments are starting to implement legislative actions to protect children from exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing. However, the scope of these approaches is limited and unlikely to meet their objective of safeguarding children from harmful marketing practices. The key opportunities for strengthening legislative design include increasing the age threshold of a child to 18 years; the broadening of focus from ‘child-directed’ marketing to all marketing that children are exposed to; designing tailored regulations for multiple settings, media and techniques; strengthening underlying food classification systems; balancing a comprehensive approach with stepwise regulatory implementation; and strengthening monitoring and enforcement systems.

Summary
Our review and recommendations can aid policymakers when designing legislative approaches to protect children from the harmful impacts of unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing.