bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of machine learning methods to predict progression in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer
Authors: Zhu Bingyu , Jang Haiyang , Zhang Chongjian , Dai Longguo , Wang Huijian , Zhang Kun , Wang Yang , Yin Feiyu , Li Ji , Wang Qilin , Yang Hong , Li Ruiqian , Li Jun , Hu Chen , Bai Yu , Wu Hongyi , Ning Enfa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Precise and appropriate diagnosis for prostate cancer patients can improve their quality of life. We sought to develop an innovative machine learning prognostic model to forecast the progression of hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Yunnan Cancer Hospital, including 533 patients diagnosed with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer between January 2017 and February 2023.In this machine learning model, K-proximity algorithm (KNN), naive Bayes, random forest algorithm, XGBoost and ADAboost were used to establish prediction models. The main evaluation indicators were the accuracy(ACC), precision༈PRE༉, specificity༈SPE༉, sensitivity༈SEN༉or regression rate ༈Recall༉and f1 score of the model.
Results
We established KNN, Naive Bayes, random forest algorithm, XGBoost and ADAboost models, and their accuracy rates were 75.4%, 71.1%, 88.02%, 86.6% and 85.2%, respectively.Among the generated models, XGboost has the highest accuracy of 88.02%.
Conclusion
Our model is more accurate and perfect than the predecessors, and can provide reference for clinical work.
On the Time-Frequency Dynamics of Growth Cycles in Brazil
Authors: Matos Paulo , Alves Douglas , Monteiro Valdeir 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We add to the empirical literature on growth, by addressing instrumentalized co-movements between growth versus fiscal, monetary, and credit variables in Brazil. We use partial wavelet coherency, phase-difference diagram, and regression coefficient to model growth cycles’ reaction to isolated fluctuations in net debt to GDP, primary balance to GDP, inflation, SELIC, household, and enterprise credit to GDP over time and across frequencies. We provide a set of new stylized facts about the history of growth in Brazil over the period from 2004q1 and 2022q4, during which the country has gone through three different recessions. We find that in the periods of expansion, primary balance cycles lead in-phase growth cycles, while inflationary and household credit cycles use to lead out-of-phase growth cycles. During the recessions, we find a relevant positive role played by the enterprise credit, and a negative leadership of SELIC cycles on economic growth cycles.
JEL classification: C02, O42, H60
“I’m not going to lay back and watch somebody die”: A qualitative study of how people who use drugs’ naloxone experiences are shaped by rural risk environment and naloxone distribution/overdose education intervention
Authors: Kesich Zora , Ibragimov Umedjon , Komro Kelli , Lane Kenneth , Livingston Melvin , Young April , Cooper Hannah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Overdoses have surged in rural areas in the U.S. and globally for years, but harm reduction interventions have lagged. Overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs are highly effective to prevent overdose mortality, but little is known about people who use drugs’ (PWUD) experience with these interventions in rural areas. Here, we analyze qualitative data with rural PWUD to learn about their experiences with an OEND intervention, and about how their perceptions of their rural risk environments influenced the interventions’ effects.
Methods
Twenty-nine one-on-one, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with rural PWUD engaged in the CARE2HOPE OEND intervention in Appalachian Kentucky. Interviews were conducted via Zoom, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted, guided by the Rural Risk Environment Framework.
Results
The OEND intervention transformed participants’ roles locally, so they became an essential component of the local rural healthcare environment. The intervention provided access to naloxone and information, thereby increasing PWUD’s confidence in naloxone administration. Through the intervention, over half of participants gained knowledge on naloxone (access points, administration technique) and on the criminal-legal environment as it pertained to naloxone. Most participants opted to accept and carry naloxone, citing factors related to the social environment (sense of responsibility to their community) and physical/healthcare environments (high overdose prevalence, suboptimal emergency response systems). Over half of participants described recent experiences administering intervention-provided naloxone. These experiences were shaped by features of the local rural social environment (anticipated negative reaction from recipients, prior naloxone conversations).
Conclusions
By providing naloxone paired with non-stigmatizing health and policy information, the OEND intervention offered the material and informational support that allowed participants to become a part of the healthcare environment. Findings highlight need for more outreach to rural PWUD on local policy that impacts them; tailored strategies to help rural PWUD engage in productive dialogue with peers about naloxone and navigate interpersonal conflict associated with overdose reversal; and opportunities for rural PWUD to formally participate in emergency response systems as peer overdose responders.
Trial Registration
The ClinicalTrials.gov ID for the CARE2HOPE intervention is NCT04134767. The registration date was October 19th, 2019.
Lung Transplantation for Pulmonary Vascular Disease in Children: A United Network for Organ Sharing Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Hosam F. , Guzman-Gomez Amalia , Desai Malika , Dani Alia , Morales David , Critser Paul J. , Zafar Farhan , Hayes Don 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) represents an important clinical indication for lung transplant (LTx) in infants, children, and adolescents. There is limited information on LTx outcomes in these patients. We explored LTx volumes and post-LTx survival in children with PVD compared to other diagnoses.
Methods:The UNOS Registry was queried from 1989-2020 to identify first-time pediatric LTx recipients (<18 yo). PVD was categorized as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and non-idiopathic arterial hypertension (non-IPAH) and compared to all other patients as other diagnoses. Univariate and multivariate regression models were performed.
Results: 984 pediatric LTx patients (593 before 2010 and 391 during/after 2010) were identified, of which 145 (14.7%) had PVD. There has been no significant change in annual rate of all LTxs over comparative eras. However, there has been a decrease in rate of LTxs for PVD patients. Children with PVD had similar survival to other LTx groups in the early era (p=0.2) and the latter era (p=0.9). Univariate Cox models, showed that LTx in patients with PVD was associated with a significantly less risk of mortality for children aged 6-11 years compared to younger and older cohorts (HR=0.4 [0.17-0.98];p=0.045), whereas multivariate analysis showed a trend towards higher mortality in 11-17-year-olds (HR=1.54 [0.97-2.45];p=0.06). For PVD patients, oxygen supplementation and ventilator support at LTx were associated with worse post-transplant survival (p=0.029 and p=0.01).
Conclusions: There has been a decrease in LTx volume for pediatric patients with PVD in the modern era. Post-LTx outcomes for children with PVD are similar to those of other diagnoses in both eras, with children aged 6-11 years having the best survival. Given these findings, LTx should be considered for this patient population.
Comprehensive Simulation Study of Electromagnetic Characteristics of Power Transformers in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Yang Zhongqing , Huang Lijun , Gao Chao , Gao Erya , Feng Yuhui , Wang Kai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of society, there is an increasing demand for higher transmission voltage levels. Simultaneously, there is a pressing need for electric energy that offers enhanced reliability and power quality. To efficiently utilize high-voltage power, a series of transformers are employed to accurately regulate voltage. Hence, it becomes crucial to design transformers in a rational manner. In the modern era, transformer simulations can be conducted using powerful software, with the finite element method (FEM) being a popular choice due to its flexibility, versatility, and efficient problem-solving capabilities. The data obtained through this method holds significant practical significance for assessing and designing transformer performance. This study aims to address the limitations encountered in practical engineering applications by analyzing 3D magnetic field simulation results of power transformers operating at 5% and 85% capacity. Additionally, a detailed analysis of electric field conditions in the main insulation of high and low voltage coils is performed under four different operating conditions − 100% rated voltage, 95% rated voltage, 105% rated voltage, and high voltage short-time induction. The insights gained from these simulation results provide a crucial theoretical foundation and design concepts for power transformers operating in nuclear power plants. Furthermore, these findings hold significant reference value for enhancing the reliability and performance of power transformers in practical applications.
Clinical Prognosis of Vocal Cord Paralysis after Cardiothoracic Surgery in Infants
Authors: Masaki Naoki , Tatewaki Hideki , Kumae Masaru , Ochiai Tomonori , Koizumi Taku , Ono Tanomo , Sonota Kenji , Kimura Masato , Ozawa Akira , Sai Sadahiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to clarify the long-term outcomes and prognosis of vocal cord paralysis (VCP) after cardiothoracic surgery in infants as well as the usefulness of laryngeal ultrasound (LUS) as screening for VCP.
Methods
Overall, 967 infants aged 1-year-old or younger who underwent cardiothoracic surgery between 2008 and 2022 were included in this study. We divided the patients into two groups based on the period on whether they underwent screening without or with LUS and compared the incidence of VCP between the groups.
Results
There were no differences in the patients’ preoperative characteristics between the two periods, whereas the incidence of VCP was significantly higher in period 2 than in period 1 (11.0% vs. 3.2%, p < 0.0001). The incidence of VCP among the procedures, including aortic arch repair, was > 50% and significantly increased from period 1 to period 2. The sensitivity and specificity of LUS was 87% and 90%, respectively. Symptoms of VCP improved in 92% of patients. Repeated flexible laryngoscopy revealed that the residual rate of VCP was 68%, 52%, and 48% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively.
Conclusions
Symptoms of postoperative VCP improved in most cases; however, paralysis persisted in half of the patients. As a screening method, LUS is useful for evaluating postoperative VCP. A more accurate understanding of VCP is needed to improve postoperative outcomes.
PTIP epigenetically regulates DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest by upregulating PRDM1
Authors: Nakata Yuichiro , Yamasaki Norimasa , Kanai Akinori , Sera Yasuyuki , Kobatake Kohei , Ueda Takeshi , Manabe Ichiro , Kaminuma Osamu , Honda Hiroaki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The genome is constantly exposed to DNA damage from endogenous and exogenous sources. Fine modulation of DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, and transcription factors is necessary for protecting genome integrity, but the precise mechanisms are still largely unclear. We found that after ionizing radiation (IR), global trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) was decreased at an early (5min) post-IR phase but increased at an intermediate (180min) post-IR phase in both human and mouse hematopoietic cells. We demonstrated that PTIP, a component of the MLL histone methyltransferase complex, is required for H3K4me3 upregulation in the intermediate post-IR phase and promotes cell cycle arrest by epigenetically inducing a cell cycle inhibitor, PRDM1. In addition, we found that PTIP expression is specifically downregulated in acute myeloid leukemia patients. These findings collectively suggest that the PTIP-PRDM1 axis plays an essential role in proper DNA damage response and its deregulation contributes to leukemogenesis.
Malakoplakia and Rosi Dorfman’s Disease co-existing in the same uterus , a very rare histopathological ldiagnoses mimicking malignancy
Authors: Shraim Suha , Al-Ettewi Wejdan , Mahfouz Ismaiel Abu , Samara Batool , Alattar Mais , Al-Masri Anwar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Malakoplakia (MP) and Rosi Dorfman’s Disease (RDD) of the uterus are both parts of Xanthoganulomatouse disease spectrum ; a very rare inflammatory disease process characterized by histiocytic infiltration of the endometrium, and occasionally may be misdiagnosed as cancer. We believe that our case is the first reported case of the coexistence of both RDD and MP.
Case presentation
A 66-year-old woman presented with recurrent post-menopausal bleeding. .A pelvic ultrasound scan showed endometrial thickness of eight mm and no adnexal masses. An endometrial biopsy was suggestive of Xanthogranuloma endometritis (XE). Thereafter, total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomywere performed,and the histopathology confirmed the co-existenceof both uterine malakoplakia (MP) and Rosi Dorfman’s disease (RDD).
Conclusion
MP and RDD are both rare inflammatory diseases may be misdiagnosed as malignancy. If treated inappropriately it may lead to systemic infection and recurrent infections . Histopathological diagnostic approach will definitely add to the clinical management of such cases .
Anterolateral Surgical Triangle of the Cavernous Sinus: A Cadaveric Study of Neurosurgical Importance
Authors: Kaliappan Ariyanachi , Motwani Rohini , Chandrupatla Mrudula 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The anterolateral triangle around the cavernous sinus is a surgical skull base triangle used as a neurosurgical landmark essential to skull-based surgeries. There are few reports of its measurements with little attention paid to anatomic variations.
Methodology: A total of 15 adult human cadaveric skulls were dissected to expose the anterolateral triangle on both sides. The triangle was defined and measurements of the three borders were taken precisely and the area of each triangle was calculated using Heron’s formula.
Results
On an average, the length of the anteromedial border is 11.4 (+ 2.2 mm); the length of the posteromedial border is 8.7 (+ 2.6 mm); the length of the lateral border is 13.06 (+ 2.6 mm) and the area of the anterolateral triangle is 48.05 (+ 17.5 mm2).
Conclusion
Advanced brain surgery is moving toward the endovascular and radiosurgery approach, due to the high level of safety and quick recovery times. We anticipate that our findings will extend the understanding of these cavernous triangles and associated structures in radiology, anatomy education, and surgical training.
Towards understanding the crystallization of photosystem II: Influence of poly(ethylene glycol) of various molecular sizes on the micelle formation of alkyl maltosides
Authors: Müh Frank , Bothe Adrian , Zouni Athina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The influence of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers H-(O-CH2-CH2)p-OH with different average molecular sizes p on the micelle formation of n-alkyl-β-D-maltoside detergents with the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain ranging from 10 to 12 is investigated with the aim to learn more about the detergent behavior under conditions suitable for the crystallization of the photosynthetic pigment-protein complex photosystem II. PEG is shown to increase the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of all three detergents in the crystallization buffer in a way that the free energy of micelle formation increases linearly with the concentration of oxyethylene units (O-CH2-CH2) irrespective of the actual molecular weight of the polymer. The CMC shift is modeled by assuming for simplicity that it is dominated by the interaction between PEG and detergent monomers and is interpreted in terms of an increase of the transfer free energy of a methylene group of the alkyl chain by 0.2 kJ mol–1 per 1 mol L–1 increase of the concentration of oxyethylene units at 298 K. Implications of this effect for the solubilization and crystallization of protein-detergent complexes as well as detergent extraction from crystals are discussed.
WITHDRAWN: Helicobacter Pylori-Vacuolating Cytotoxin A Inducing Neurotoxic Neuroinflammation in Human Stomach-Brain Axis
Authors: Tran Van Thi Ai , Etemadi Niloofar , Tran Minh , Lee Jungmi , Ko Han Seok , Jo Donggyu , Lee Luke P. , Cho Hansang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Several epidemiological research have recommended a potential link between Helicobacter pylori infection and neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, the current research could not fully provide a comprehensive understanding of this association due to the absence of suitable model systems for studying multi-organ interactions and multiplex effects upon Helicobacter pylori infection.
Results
Here, we recapitulated a human stomach-brain axis by treating human in vitro cellular models with Helicobacter pylori’s cell-free supernatant (HPCFS). We first confirmed that HPCFS disrupted the tightness of gut and brain barriers via Vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) binding to Low-density Lipoprotein receptor 1 (LRP1) receptor, leading to reduced tight junction proteins and transmembrane electrical resistance. Blood-brain barrier-penetrating VacA toxin in HPCFS activated central innate immune cells, evidenced by the increased expression of inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, the release of neurotoxic factors, and inflammatory soluble markers, such as NO, IL-8, IL-18 from microglia as well as H2O2, IL-6, and IL-16 from astrocytes. VacA toxin hindered microglial amyloid-beta phagocytosis of amyloid-beta by microglia through by blocking LRP1, a receptor for amyloid-beta. We found that VacA in HPCFS led to neurodegeneration, evidenced by the presence of phosphorylated tau, phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, synaptic impairment, and neuronal loss. Notably, microglia stimulated with VacA exacerbated neurodegeneration compared to direct HPCFS stimulation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that VacA-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration were mitigated by LRP1 antagonist or VacA immunodepletion.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates the efficacy of our human stomach-brain axis model that allows us to untangle the complex association between Helicobacter pylori infection and neurological diseases and discover the mechanism of neurotoxic neuroinflammation systematically and this paves the way for future research and therapeutic interventions.
Graphical Abstract
A new innovative method to measure the cost of war: Future with fewer conflicts via harm reduction approaches
Authors: Jozaghi Ehsan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The destruction of World War I (WWI) and World War II (WWII) changed the world forever. In this analysis, the economic costs of WWI and WWII are considered via a harm reduction approach to highlight the cost of war via the mortality of military personnel. The harm reduction philosophy and homeostasis of a biological cell are utilized as a pragmatic approach and analogy to give a greater context to the findings.
Methods
Tangible (e.g., loss of wages, productivity, and contributions) and intangible (e.g., quality of life) costs are estimated based on the value of each military personnel derived from secondary data and a mathematical model. This is the first study to estimate the cost of war based on soldier’s mortality during the first and second World War.
Results
Based on the tangible value, the WWI and WWII cost for the military personnel was US$43.204 billion ($13 billion ≤ α ≤ $97 billion) and US$540.112 billion ($44 billion ≤ α ≤ $1 trillion). When the intangible cost is considered, it is estimated that the WWI cost was beyond US$124 trillion ($43 trillion ≤ β ≤ $160 trillion), and the WWII cost was above US$328 trillion ($115 trillion ≤ β ≤ $424 trillion). The sensitivity analyses conducted for WWI and WWII demonstrate different ranges based on tangible and intangible values.
Conclusions
In the current climate of increasing hostilities, inequalities, global warming, and an ever-changing world, economic prosperities and most importantly democracies are directly linked to peace, stability, and security. Therefore, any future decisions for military conflicts need to increasingly consider harm reduction approaches by considering the cost of life and potential disabilities for each nations’ soldiers, sailors, and pilots.
Robust-Optimal Control of Electromagnetic Levitation System with Matched and Unmatched Uncertainties: Experimental Validation
Authors: Pandey Amit , Adhyaru Dipak M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A robust-optimal control approach for an electromagnetic levitation system with matched and unmatched uncertainties is proposed in this article. Because of the uncertainties in the dynamics of an electromagnetic levitation system, it is necessary to design a robust control law that will ensure the stability of the system in the presence of these uncertainties. In this framework, the dynamics of an electromagnetic levitation system are addressed in terms of matched and unmatched uncertainties. The robust control problem is translated into the optimal control problem, where the uncertainties of the electromagnetic levitation system are reflected in the cost function. The optimal control method is used to solve the robust control problem. The solution to the optimal control problem for the electromagnetic levitation system is indeed a solution to the robust control problem of the electromagnetic levitation system under matched and unmatched uncertainties. The simulation and experimental results 1 demonstrate the performance of the designed control scheme. The performance indices such as IAE, ISE, ITAE, and ITSE are compared for both uncertainties to showcase the robustness of the designed control scheme.
Lasso Monte Carlo, a Variation on Multi Fidelity Methods for High Dimensional Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Albà Arnau , Boiger Romana , Rochman Dimitri Alexander , Adelmann Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is an active area of research, and an essential technique used in all fields of science
and engineering. The most common methods for UQ are Monte Carlo and surrogate-modelling. The former method is
dimensionality independent but has slowconvergence, while the latter method has been shown to yield large computational
speedups with respect to Monte Carlo. However, surrogate models suffer from the so-called curse of dimensionality, and
become costly to train for high-dimensional problems, where UQ might become computationally prohibitive. In this paper
we present a new technique, Lasso Monte Carlo (LMC), which combines a Lasso surrogate model with the multifidelity
Monte Carlo technique, in order to perform UQ in high-dimensional settings, at a reduced computational cost. We provide
mathematical guarantees for the unbiasedness of the method, and show that LMC can be more accurate than simple Monte
Carlo. The theory is numerically tested with benchmarks on toy problems, aswell as on a real example ofUQfrom the field
of nuclear engineering. In all presented examples LMC is more accurate than simple Monte Carlo and other multifidelity
methods. Thanks to LMC, computational costs are reduced by more than a factor of 5 with respect to simple MC, in
relevant cases.