bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Football Play and Parkinson Disease Among Men
Authors: Bruce Hannah J. , Tripodis Yorghos , McClean Michael , Korell Monica , Tanner Caroline M. , Contreras Brittany , Gottesman Joshua , Kirsch Leslie , Karim Yasir , Martin Brett , Palmisano Joseph , Abdolmohammadi Bobak , Shih Ludy C. , Stein Thor D. , Stern Robert A. , Adler Charles H. , Mez Jesse , Nowinski Chris , McKee Ann C. , Alosco Michael L. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceParkinsonism and Parkinson disease (PD) are known to result from repetitive head impacts from boxing. Repetitive head impacts from American football may also be associated with increased risk of neurodegenerative pathologies that cause parkinsonism, yet in vivo research on the association between football play and PD is scarce and limited by small samples and equivocal findings.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between football participation and self-reported parkinsonism or PD diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study leveraged data from the online Fox Insight study. Participants completed online questionnaires and self-reported whether they currently had a diagnosis of Parkinson disease or parkinsonism by a physician or other health care professional. In November 2020, the Boston University Head Impact Exposure Assessment was launched for data collection on repetitive head impacts. Data used for this manuscript were obtained from the Fox Insight database on June 9, 2022. A total of 1875 men who endorsed playing any organized sport were included. Former athletes were divided into those who participated in football (n = 729 [38.9%]) and those who participated in other sports (reference group).ExposuresSelf-reported participation in football, duration and level of football play, age at first exposure.Main Outcomes and MeasuresLogistic regression tested associations between PD status and history of football play, duration of football play, highest level played, and age at first exposure, controlling for age, education, history of diabetes or heart disease, body mass index, history of traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness, and family history of PD.ResultsIn this sample of 1875 men (mean [SD] age, 67.69 [9.84] years) enriched for parkinsonism or PD (n = 1602 [85.4%]), 729 (38.9%) played football (mean [SD] duration, 4.35 [2.91] years). History of playing football was associated with higher odds of having a parkinsonism or PD diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.61; 95% CI, 1.19-2.17). Among the entire sample, longer duration of play was associated with higher odds of having a parkinsonism or PD diagnosis (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06-1.19). Among football players, longer duration of football play (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02-1.23) and higher level of play (OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.28-6.73) were associated with higher odds of having parkinsonism or PD.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of participants enriched for PD, participation in football was associated with higher odds of having a reported parkinsonism or PD diagnosis.
Impact of the Acuros XB spatial discretization error on ArcCHECK VMAT QA for small‐field SBRT
Authors: He Chuan , Pant Ankit , Le Anh H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of the Acuros XB spatial discretization errors on ArcCHECK volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) QA for small‐field SBRT plans.MethodsEighteen SBRT VMAT arcs that failed the ArcCHECK VMAT QA were retrospectively analyzed. Plan verification doses were calculated using Eclipse Acuros XB, and absolute 3%/2 mm gamma passing rates were calculated to compare ArcCHECK and MapCHECK2 with MapPHAN. Verification doses were recalculated using AAA in Eclipse and with the EGSnrc Monte Carlo package. In addition, error‐reduced Acuros XB doses were calculated by subdividing the entire arc into several sub‐arcs (“split‐arc” method), with the angular ranges of the sub‐arcs optimized to balance accuracy and efficiency. Relative gamma passing rates were calculated and compared for the four methods: (1) Acuros XB; (2) AAA; (3) EGSnrc Monte Carlo; and (4) the split‐arc method.ResultsThe absolute gamma passing rates were below 90% for ArcCHECK and above 95% for MapCHECK2. The averaged relative gamma passing rates were (1) 84.7% for clinical Acuros XB; (2) 96.8% for AAA; (3) 98.8% for EGSnrc Monte Carlo; and (4) 96.8% for the split‐arc method with 60° sub‐arc angle. Compared to the clinical Acuros XB, the split‐arc method improved the relative gamma passing rate by 12.1% on average. No significant difference was found between AAA and the split‐arc method (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe Acuros XB spatial discretization errors can significantly impact the ArcCHECK VMAT QA results for small‐field SBRT plans. The split‐arc method may be used to improve the VMAT QA results.
Treatment of Polymyalgia Rheumatica by Rheumatology Providers: Analysis from the American College of Rheumatology RISE Registry
Authors: Sattui Sebastian E. , Xie Fenglong , Wan Zihan , Clinton Cassie , Domsic Robyn T. , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThis study describes the demographics, comorbidities, and treatment patterns in a national cohort of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) who received care from rheumatology providers.MethodsPatients with PMR were identified in the American College of Rheumatology Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness registry from 2016 to 2022. Use of glucocorticoids and immunomodulatory antirheumatic medications used as steroid‐sparing agents were examined overall and in a subgroup of patients new to rheumatology practices, the majority with presumed new‐onset PMR. In these new patients, multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with persistent glucocorticoid and steroid‐sparing agent use at 12 to 24 months.ResultsA total of 26,102 patients with PMR were identified, of which 16,703 new patients were included in the main analysis. Patients were predominantly female (55.8%) and White (46.7%), with a mean age of 72.0 years. Hypertension (81.2%), congestive heart failure (52.4%), hyperlipidemia (41.3%), and ischemic heart disease (36.0%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. At baseline, 92.3% of patients were on glucocorticoids, and only 13.1% were on a steroid‐sparing agent. At 12 to 24 months, most patients remained on glucocorticoids (63.8%). Although there was an increase in use through follow‐up, antirheumatic medications were prescribed only to a minority (39.0%) of patients with PMR.ConclusionIn this large US‐based study of patients with PMR receiving rheumatology care, only a minority of patients were prescribed steroid‐sparing agents during the first 24 months of follow‐up; most patients remained on glucocorticoids past one year. Further identification of patients who would benefit from steroid‐sparing agents and the timing of steroid‐sparing agent initiation is needed.image
A Dihydroartemisinin‐Loaded Nanoreactor Motivates Anti‐Cancer Immunotherapy by Synergy‐Induced Ferroptosis to Activate Cgas/STING for Reprogramming of Macrophage
Authors: Li Liu‐Gen , Yang Xiao‐Xin , Xu Hua‐Zhen , Yu Ting‐Ting , Li Qi‐Rui , Hu Jun , Peng Xing‐Chun , Han Ning , Xu Xiang , Chen Nan‐Nan , Chen Xiao , Tang Jun‐Ming , Li Tong‐Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInfiltration of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) characterized by an M2 phenotype is an overriding feature in malignant tumors. Reprogramming TAM is the most cutting‐edge strategy for cancer therapy. In the present study, an iron‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoreactor loaded with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is developed, which provides high uptake by TAM and retains their viability, thus effectively addressing the inefficiency of the DHA at low concentrations. Impressively, DHA@MIL‐101 can selectively accumulate in tumor tissues and remodel TAM to the M1 phenotype. The results of RNA sequencing further suggest that this nanoreactor may regulate ferroptosis, a DNA damage signaling pathway in TAM. Indeed, the outcomes confirm that DHA@MIL‐101 triggers ferroptosis in TAM. In addition, the findings reveal that DNA damage induced by DHA nanoreactors activates the intracellular cGAS sensor, resulting in the binding of STING to IRF3 and thereby up‐regulating the immunogenicity. In contrast, blocking ferroptosis impairs DHA@MIL‐101‐induced activation of STING signaling and phenotypic remodeling. Finally, it is shown that DHA nanoreactors deploy anti‐tumor immunotherapy through ferroptosis‐mediated TAM reprogramming. Taken together, immune efficacy is achieved through TAM's remodeling by delivering DHA and iron ions into TAM using nanoreactors, providing a novel approach for combining phytopharmaceuticals with nanocarriers to regulate the immune microenvironment.
Membrane‐Active Metallopolymers: Repurposing and Rehabilitating Antibiotics to Gram‐Negative Superbugs
Authors: Hwang JiHyeon , Barman Swagatam , Gao Ruixuan , Yang Xiaoming , O'Malley Andrea , Nagarkatti Prakash , Nagarkatti Mitzi , Chruszcz Maksymilian , Tang Chuanbing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmong multiple approaches to combating antimicrobial resistance, a combination therapy of existing antibiotics with bacterial membrane‐perturbing agents is promising. A viable platform of metallopolymers as adjuvants in combination with traditional antibiotics is reported in this work to combat both planktonic and stationary cells of Gram‐negative superbugs and their biofilms. Antibacterial efficacy, toxicity, antibiofilm activity, bacterial resistance propensity, and mechanisms of action of metallopolymer‐antibiotic combinations are investigated. These metallopolymers exhibit 4‐16‐fold potentiation of antibiotics against Gram‐negative bacteria with negligible toxicity toward mammalian cells. More importantly, the lead combinations (polymer‐ceftazidime and polymer‐rifampicin) eradicate preformed biofilms of MDR E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Further, β‐lactamase inhibition, outer membrane permeabilization, and membrane depolarization demonstrate synergy of these adjuvants with different antibiotics. Moreover, the membrane‐active metallopolymers enable the antibiotics to circumvent bacterial resistance development. Altogether, the results indicate that such non‐antibiotic adjuvants bear the promise to revitalize the efficacy of existing antibiotics to tackle Gram‐negative bacterial infections.
Hemoperfusion Adsorbents for Removal of Common Toxins in Liver and Kidney Failure: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Prospects
Authors: Wu Shuangquan , Yue Pengpeng , Ma Yongsheng , Zou Yongkang , Liang Wenjin , Ye Qifa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLiver and kidney failure can lead to extensive accumulation of toxic metabolites in the blood and tissues, such as bilirubin, blood ammonia, endotoxins, cytokines, creatinine, uric acid, and urea, which aggravate the progression of the disease. Hemoperfusion can effectively adsorb and remove toxins from the blood and treat liver and kidney failure. However, the adsorption efficiency and safety of traditional hemoperfusion adsorbents are not ideal. Thus, it is urgent to develop adsorbents with good blood compatibility, as well as high adsorption and strong selective capacities, to fulfill the clinical needs. In recent years, new hemoperfusion adsorbents with improved adsorption performance and good blood compatibility have been developed. This review classifies and summarizes the recent research progress in hemoperfusion adsorbents for common blood toxins (bilirubin, blood ammonia, endotoxins, cytokines, creatinine, uric acid, and urea) produced by liver and kidney failure. The composition and structure of various toxin adsorbents, toxin adsorption performance, biocompatibility, blood safety, and the adsorption mechanisms of toxins are discussed. Based on a summary of recent studies, feasible strategies have been explored for designing and preparing hemoperfusion adsorbents to fulfill future development requirements. The trends and clinical application prospects of various toxin adsorbents are also discussed.
Ultrasonic Field Induces Better Crystallinity and Abundant Defects at Grain Boundaries to Develop CuS Electromagnetic Wave Absorber
Authors: Chen Geng , Liang Hongsheng , Yun Jijun , Zhang Limin , Wu Hongjing , Wang Jianyuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUltrasonic field (USF) is widely used to regulate the intrinsic properties of materials that are not applied in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. One reason is that the lack of a response mechanism for the materials to USF hinders the expansion of their EMW absorption performance. Therefore, to address this issue, a series of CuS nanoparticles with diverse anions are constructed in the presence or absence of USF. The ultrasonic‐induced cavitation effect can significantly promote CuS crystallization and lead to the accumulation of S defects at the grain boundaries (GBs). Furthermore, the S defects at the GBs are easily oriented and arranged, allowing the polarization relaxation retention to be maintained at 10 wt%. Consequently, the CuS with a nitrate precursor under USF shows an optimum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 10.24 GHz at a thickness of 3.5 mm, which is 228.6% more than that without the USF. CuS with a chloride precursor also achieves an EAB of 3.92 GHz, even at a considerably low filler ratio. Thus, this study demonstrates the response mechanism of diverse anions to the USF for the first time and provides a novel technique to optimize the EMW absorption performance of semiconductors.
Rational Designs of Biomaterials for Combating Oral Biofilm Infections
Authors: Yin Zhengrong , Liu Yaxi , Anniwaer Annikaer , You Yuan , Guo Jingmei , Tang Ying , Fu Lei , Yi Luyao , Huang Cui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOral biofilms, which are also known as dental plaque, are the culprit of a wide range of oral diseases and systemic diseases, thus contributing to serious health risks. The manner of how to achieve good control of oral biofilms has been an increasing public concern. Novel antimicrobial biomaterials with highly controllable fabrication and functionalization have been proven to be promising candidates. However, previous reviews have generally emphasized the physicochemical properties, action mode, and application effectiveness of those biomaterials, whereas insufficient attention has been given to the design rationales tailored to different infection types and application scenarios. To offer guidance for better diversification and functionalization of anti‐oral‐biofilm biomaterials, this review details the up‐to‐date design rationales in three aspects: the core strategies in combating oral biofilm, as well as the biomaterials with advanced antibiofilm capacity and multiple functions based on the improvement or combination of the abovementioned antimicrobial strategies. Thereafter, insights on the existing challenges and future improvement of biomaterial‐assisted oral biofilm treatments are proposed, hoping to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the subsequent design and application of antibiofilm biomaterials.
Anion Confinement for Homogeneous Mixed Halide Perovskite Film Growth by Electrospray
Authors: Niu Xiuxiu , Li Nengxu , Cui Zhenhua , Li Liang , Pei Fengtao , Lan Yisha , Song Qizhen , Du Yujiang , Dou Jing , Bao Zhaoboxun , Wang Lina , Liu Huifen , Li Kailin , Zhang Xinran , Huang Zijian , Wang Lan , Zhou Wentao , Yuan Guizhou , Chen Yihua , Zhou Huanping , Zhu Cheng , Liu Guilin , Bai Yang , Chen Qi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWide‐bandgap perovskites are promising absorbers for state‐of‐the‐art tandem solar cells to feasibly surpass Shockley–Queisser limit with low cost. However, the commonly used mixed halide perovskites suffer from poor stability; particularly, photoinduced phase segregation. Electrospray deposition is developed to bridge the gap of growth rate between iodide and bromide components during film growth by spatially confining the anion diffusion and eliminating the kinetic difference, which universally improves the initial homogeneity of perovskite films regardless of device architectures. It thus promotes the efficiency and stability of corresponding solar cells based on wide‐bandgap (1.68 eV) absorbers. Remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 21.44% and 20.77% are achieved in 0.08 cm2 and 1.0 cm2 devices, respectively. In addition, these devices maintain 90% of their initial PCE after 1550 h of stabilized power output (SPO) tracking upon one sun irradiation (LED) at room temperature.
Continuous Volumetric 3D Printing: Xolography in Flow
Authors: Stüwe Lucas , Geiger Matthias , Röllgen Franz , Heinze Thorben , Reuter Marcus , Wessling Matthias , Hecht Stefan , Linkhorst John 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing techniques continue to improve in resolution, geometrical freedom, and production rates, expanding their application range in research and industry. Most established techniques, however, are based on layer‐by‐layer polymerization processes, leading to an inherent trade‐off between resolution and printing speed. Volumetric 3D printing enables the polymerization of freely defined volumes allowing the fabrication of complex geometries at drastically increased production rates and high resolutions, marking the next chapter in light‐based additive manufacturing. This work advances the volumetric 3D printing technique xolography to a continuous process. Dual‐color photopolymerization is performed in a continuously flowing resin, inside a tailored flow cell. Supported by simulations, the flow profile in the printing area is flattened, and resin velocities at the flow cell walls are increased to minimize unwanted polymerization via laser sheet‐induced curing. Various objects are printed continuously and true to shape with smooth surfaces. Parallel object printing paves the way for up‐scaling the continuous production, currently reaching production rates up to 1.75 mm3 s−1 for the presented flow cell. Xolography in flow provides a new opportunity for scaling up volumetric 3D printing with the potential to resolve the trade‐off between high production rates and high resolution in light‐based additive manufacturing.
Preparation and Surface Functionalization of a Tunable Porous System Featuring Stacked Spheres in Cylindrical Pores
Authors: Ruiz M Christhy V. , Terlinden Markus , Engelhardt Matthias , Magnabosco Giulia , Papastavrou Georg , Vogel Nicolas , Thommes Matthias , Bachmann Julien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA geometrically tunable nanoporous system featuring enhanced active surface area by stacking of spheres in cylindrical pores is fabricated. Highly ordered arrays of straight, constricted pores are obtained by anodization of metallic aluminum. Polystyrene (PS) spheres are assembled inside the pores by flowing their suspension through the porous membrane, whereas the construction serves as a filter. After surface functionalization with a noble metal catalyst, these model electrocatalysis systems exhibit functional properties (capacitance in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) that mirror their geometric parameters. A systematic investigation of the system's geometry as it depends on the surface chemistry of the pores, on the one hand, and the physical parameters of the infiltration procedure, on the other hand, shows that mechanical stacking prevails over surface chemical interactions to determine the stacking density. The highest values of surface area are obtained when PS spheres are put in contact with HfO2 followed by ZnO according to adsorption measurements. Surface derivatization with organic layers does not improve stacking any further. However, choosing the proper concentration of PS spheres and flow rate are crucial for obtaining densely packed sphere assemblies without clogging of the pore entrance.
Nuclear Actin Polymerization Regulates Cell Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Du William W. , Qadir Javeria , Du Kevin Y. , Chen Yu , Wu Nan , Yang Burton B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrent studies on actin function primarily rely on cytoplasmic actin due to the absence of cellular models specifically expressing nuclear actin. Here, cell models capable of expressing varying levels of nuclear F/G‐actin are generated and a significant role of nuclear actin in the regulation of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is uncovered. Through immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses, distinct binding partners for nuclear F‐actin (β‐catenin, SMAD2, and SMAD3) and nuclear G‐actin (MYBBP1A, NKRF, and MYPOP) are investigated, which respectively modulate EMT‐promoting and EMT‐repressing transcriptional events. While nuclear F‐actin promotes EMT with enhanced cell migration, survival, and elongated mesenchymal morphology, nuclear G‐actin represses EMT and related cell activities. Mechanistically, nuclear F‐actin enhances β‐catenin, SMAD2, and SMAD3 expression and stability in the nuclei, while nuclear G‐actin increases MYBBP1A, NKRF, and MYPOP expression and stability in the nuclei. The association between nuclear F/G‐actin and N‐cadherin/E‐cadherin in the cell lines (in vitro), and increased nuclear actin polymerization in the wound healing cells (in vivo) affirm a significant role of nuclear actin in EMT regulation. With evidence of nuclear actin polymerization and EMT during development, and irregularities in disease states such as cancer and fibrosis, targeting nuclear actin dynamics to trigger dysregulated EMT warrants ongoing study.
Bottom Contact 100 nm Channel‐Length α‐In2Se3 In‐Plane Ferroelectric Memory
Authors: Miao Shurong , Nitta Ryosuke , Izawa Seiichiro , Majima Yutaka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOwing to the emerging trend of non‐volatile memory and data‐centric computing, the demand for more functional materials and efficient device architecture at the nanoscale is becoming stringent. To date, 2D ferroelectrics are cultivated as channel materials in field‐effect transistors for their retentive and switchable dipoles and flexibility to be compacted into diverse structures and integration for intensive production. This study demonstrates the in‐plane (IP) ferroelectric memory effect of a 100 nm channel‐length 2D ferroelectric semiconductor α‐In2Se3 stamped onto nanogap electrodes on Si/SiO2 under a lateral electric field. As α‐In2Se3 forms the bottom contact of the nanogap electrodes, a large memory window of 13 V at drain voltage between ±6.5 V and the on/off ratio reaching 103 can be explained by controlled IP polarization. Furthermore, the memory effect is modulated by the bottom gate voltage of the Si substrate due to the intercorrelation between IP and out‐of‐plane (OOP) polarization. The non‐volatile memory characteristics including stable retention lasting 17 h, and endurance over 1200 cycles suggest a wide range of memory applications utilizing the lateral bottom contact structure.
Incentive programs promote cover crop adoption in the northeastern United States
Authors: Chami Barbara , Niles Meredith T. , Parry Stephen , Mirsky Steven B. , Ackroyd Victoria J. , Ryan Matthew R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFarmers are increasingly planting cover crops to improve soil health and provide other ecosystem services. Cover crop incentive programs in Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, and Vermont were compared and farmers using cover crops were surveyed (n = 328) to characterize program participants and assess the effects of programs on cover crop adoption. Farmers who participated in incentive programs differed from nonparticipants in their perspectives about incentive programs, challenges they faced using cover crops, and reasons for cover crop use. When averaged across farmers, results show that incentive programs doubled average farmer cropland with cover crops from 50.7 ha prior to participation to 101.0 ha during participation. Among participants who no longer were enrolled in a program, cover crop use remained on average 37.2% greater than before enrollment. Results highlight the role of incentive programs in facilitating adoption and provide insights for expanding participation to different farmers and increasing program impact.