bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Etymology of the ‘English’ Cadence
Authors: Chan Eleanor 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
One thing above others is known widely about the so-called ‘English’ cadence: that it is not English. Ever since musicologists of the mid-twentieth century named it, the cadence has laboured under the guise of its deceptiveness. However, as argued in this article, the cadence has much to tell us about the musical culture of England at the end of the sixteeenth and into the seventeenth century, during which period it was popular. The ‘English’ cadence shines a light on the movement towards tonality, the twilight period of solmization, and the understanding of false relations. An etymology of the cadence, making use of etymology’s older, more playful, punning role as the rhetorical trope etymologia, demonstrates that (English or not), the cadence has much to tell us about this poignant period of English history.
A critique of the Spite Plateau and the astration of primordial lithium
Authors: Norris J E , Yong D , Frebel A , Ryan S G 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the distribution of the lithium abundances, A(Li), of metal-poor dwarf and subgiant stars within the limits 5500 K &lt; Teff &lt; 6700 K, −6.0 &lt; [Fe/H] &lt; −1.5, and log  g ≳ 3.5 (a superset of parameters first adopted by Spite and Spite), using literature data for some 200 stars. We address the problem of the several methods that yield Teff differences up to 350 K, and hence uncertainties of 0.3 dex in [Fe/H] and A(Li), by anchoring Teff to the infrared flux method. We seek to understand the behaviour of A(Li) as a function of [Fe/H] – small dispersion at highest [Fe/H], ‘meltdown’ at intermediate values (i.e. large spread in Li below the Spite Plateau), and extreme variations at lowest [Fe/H]. Decreasing A(Li) is accompanied by increasing dispersion. Insofar as [Fe/H] increases as the Universe ages, the behaviour of A(Li) reflects chaotic star formation involving destruction of primordial Li, which settles to the classic Spite Plateau, with A(Li) ∼ 2.3, by the time the Galactic halo reaches [Fe/H] ∼ −3.0. We consider three phases: (1) first star formation in C-rich environments ([C/Fe] &gt; 2.3), with depleted Li; (2) silicates-dominated star formation and destruction of primordial Li during pre-main-sequence evolution; and (3) materials from these two phases co-existing and coalescing to form C-rich stars with A(Li) below the Spite Plateau, leading to a toy model with the potential to explain the ‘meltdown’. We comment on the results of Mucciarelli et al. on the Lower RGB, and the suggestion of Aguado et al. favouring a lower primordial lithium abundance than generally accepted.
Time-dependent visibility modelling of a relativistic jet in the X-ray binary MAXI J1803−298
Authors: Wood C M , Miller-Jones J C A , Bahramian A , Tingay S J , Russell T D , Tetarenko A J , Altamirano D , Belloni T , Carotenuto F , Ceccobello C , Corbel S , Espinasse M , Fender R P , Körding E , Migliari S , Russell D M , Sarazin C L , Sivakoff G R , Soria R , Tudose V 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Tracking the motions of transient jets launched by low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) is critical for determining the moment of jet ejection, and identifying any corresponding signatures in the accretion flow. However, these jets are often highly variable and can travel across the resolution element of an image within a single observation, violating a fundamental assumption of aperture synthesis. We present a novel approach in which we directly fit a single time-dependent model to the full set of interferometer visibilities, where we explicitly parametrize the motion and flux density variability of the emission components, to minimize the number of free parameters in the fit, while leveraging information from the full observation. This technique allows us to detect and characterize faint, fast-moving sources, for which the standard time binning technique is inadequate. We validate our technique with synthetic observations, before applying it to three Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of the black hole candidate LMXB MAXI J1803−298 during its 2021 outburst. We measured the proper motion of a discrete jet component to be 1.37 ± 0.14 mas h−1, and thus we infer an ejection date of MJD $59348.08_{-0.06}^{+0.05}$, which occurs just after the peak of a radio flare observed by the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-Millimeter Array (ALMA), while MAXI J1803−298 was in the intermediate state. Further development of these new VLBI analysis techniques will lead to more precise measurements of jet ejection dates, which, combined with dense, simultaneous multiwavelength monitoring, will allow for clearer identification of jet ejection signatures in the accretion flow.
Carbon stars as standard candles – III. Un-binned maximum likelihood fitting and comparison with TRGB estimations
Authors: Parada Javiera , Heyl Jeremy , Richer Harvey , Ripoche Paul , Rousseau-Nepton Laurie 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTIn the second paper of this series, we developed a new distance determination method using the median J magnitude of carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch stars (CS) as standard candles and the Magellanic Clouds as the fundamental calibrators. The J-band CS luminosity function was modelled using a modified Lorentzian distribution whose parameters were used to determine whether the Large or Small Magellanic cloud was the most suitable calibrator. In this third paper of the series, we expand our sample of galaxies and introduce a more robust method to determine the parameters of the Lorentzian model. The new fitting method uses an un-binned maximum likelihood estimator to determine the parameters of the Lorentzian model resulting in parameter errors that are significantly smaller compared to the second paper. We test our method in NGC 6822, IC 1613, NGC 3109, and WLM. We also estimate the distances to the same sample of galaxies via the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) detection method. Our results from the CS measurements agree well with those obtained from the TRGB.
CRISPRi-mediated tunable control of gene expression level with engineered single-guide RNA in Escherichia coli
Authors: Byun Gibyuck , Yang Jina , Seo Sang Woo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Precise control of gene expression is essential for flux redistribution in metabolic pathways. Although the CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system can effectively repress gene expression at the transcriptional level, it has still been difficult to precisely control the level without loss of specificity or an increase in cell toxicity. In this study, we developed a tunable CRISPRi system that performs transcriptional regulation at various levels. We constructed a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) library targeting repeat, tetraloop, and anti-repeat regions to modulate the binding affinity against dCas9. Each screened sgRNA could regulate the gene expression at a certain level between fully-repressing and non-repressing states (&gt;45-fold). These sgRNAs also enabled modular regulation with various target DNA sequences. We applied this system to redistribute the metabolic flux to produce violacein derivatives in a predictable ratio and optimize lycopene production. This system would help accelerate the flux optimization processes in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology.
Quantum modular forms from real-quadratic double sums
Authors: Bringmann Kathrin , Nazaroglu Caner 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In 2015, Lovejoy and Osburn discovered 12 q-hypergeometric series and proved that their Fourier coefficients can be understood as counting functions of ideals in certain quadratic fields. In this paper, we study their modular and quantum modular properties and show that they yield three vector-valued quantum modular forms on the group $\Gamma_0 (2)$.
Nightmares: an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Authors: Campbell Allison A , Taylor Kenneth A , Augustine Ann V , Sherwood Andrew , Wu Jade Q , Beckham Jean C , Hoerle Jeffrey M ,   VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC, Ulmer Christi S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Prior work has established associations between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), disrupted sleep, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but few studies have examined health correlates of nightmares beyond risks conferred by PTSD. This study examined associations between nightmares and CVD in military veterans.

Methods
Participants were veterans (N = 3468; 77% male) serving since September 11, 2001, aged 38 years (SD = 10.4); approximately 30% were diagnosed with PTSD. Nightmare frequency and severity were assessed using the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS). Self-reported medical issues were assessed using the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study Self-report Medical Questionnaire. Mental health disorders were established using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. The sample was stratified by the presence or absence of PTSD. Within-group associations between nightmare frequency and severity and self-reported CVD conditions, adjusting for age, sex, race, current smoking, depression, and sleep duration.

Results
Frequent and severe nightmares during the past week were endorsed by 32% and 35% of participants, respectively. Those endorsing nightmares that were frequent, severe, and the combination thereof were more likely to also evidence high blood pressure (ORs 1.42, OR 1.56, and OR 1.47, respectively) and heart problems (OR 1.43, OR 1.48, and OR 1.59, respectively) after adjusting for PTSD diagnosis and other covariates.

Conclusions
Nightmare frequency and severity among veterans are associated with cardiovascular conditions, even after controlling for PTSD diagnosis. Study findings suggest that nightmares may be an independent risk factor for CVD. Additional research is needed to validate these findings using confirmed diagnoses and explore potential mechanisms.
Strategies to improve access to physical activity opportunities for people with physical disabilities
Authors: Herbison Jordan D , Osborne Meaghan , Andersen Jessica , Lepage Pierre , Pagé Véronique , Levasseur Caroline , Beckers Mélissa , Gainforth Heather L , Lamontagne Marie-Eve , Sweet Shane N 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Community-based physical activity opportunities have been shown to help adults with physical disabilities improve their participation in daily activities and reduce social isolation. Despite the known benefits, substantial barriers and challenges inhibit accessibility to these physical activity opportunities.
To facilitate the co-construction of strategies to overcome accessibility issues pertaining to community-based physical activity opportunities.
In total, 45 individuals with physical disabilities, patients at a rehabilitation hospital, staff members of disability organizations, staff of local or provincial government agencies/departments, kinesiologists, occupational therapists, graduate students, and peer mentors participated in one of four World Cafés held in their respective cities. World Café is a methodology for fostering collaborative, solution-focused conversation that aims to solve problems through collective intelligence. Participants were divided into groups of three to four people and invited to engage in evolving rounds of discussions responding to prompts about accessibility to physical activity in their communities. Transcripts were analyzed using content analysis.
In total, 17 strategies were identified, addressing 5 areas: representation and visibility (e.g., prioritize hiring people with a disability), finances (e.g., reduce direct costs for participants), connection and social support (e.g., foster social networks that provide informational support), education and programming (e.g., enhance awareness of existing services and resources), and government programs and policies (e.g., enforce accessibility standards for indoor and outdoor spaces).
The findings of this study provide strategies and practical applications for community programs and governments to consider for increasing access to physical activity opportunities for people with physical disabilities.
A multi‐organ analysis of the role of mTOR in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Authors: Carabulea Alexander L. , Janeski Joseph D. , Naik Vishal D. , Chen Kang , Mor Gil , Ramadoss Jayanth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlcohol exposure during gestation can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), an array of cognitive and physical developmental impairments. Over the past two and a half decades, Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) has emerged at the nexus of many fields of study, and has recently been implicated in FASD etiology. mTOR plays an integral role in modulating anabolic and catabolic activities, including protein synthesis and autophagy. These processes are vital for proper development and can have long lasting effects following alcohol exposure, such as impaired hippocampal and synapse formation, reduced brain size, as well as cognitive, behavioral, and memory impairments. We highlight recent advances in the field of FASD, primarily with regard to animal model discoveries and discuss the interaction between alcohol and mTOR in the context of various tissues, including brain, placenta, bone, and muscle, with respect to developmental alcohol exposure paradigms. The current review focuses on novel FASD research within the context of the mTOR signaling and sheds light on mechanistic etiologies at various biological levels including molecular, cellular, and functional, across multiple stages of development and illuminates the dichotomy between the different mTOR complexes and their unique signaling roles.
Adding Ketamine to Epidural Morphine Does Not Prolong Postoperative Analgesia After Lumbar Laminectomy or Discectomy
Authors: Prabhakar Prasadkanna , Mariappan Ramamani , Moorthy Ranjith K. , Nair Bijesh R. , Karuppusami Reka , Lionel Karen R. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Epidural opioids provide effective postoperative analgesia after lumbar spine surgery. Ketamine has been shown to reduce opioid-induced central sensitization and hyperalgesia. We hypothesized that adding ketamine to epidural opioids would prolong the duration of analgesia and enhance analgesic efficacy after lumbar spine surgery.

Methods:
American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I to II patients aged between 18 and 70 years with normal renal function undergoing lumbar laminectomy were recruited into this single-center randomized trial. Patients were randomized to receive either single-dose epidural morphine (group A) or epidural morphine and ketamine (group B) for postoperative analgesia. The primary objective was to compare the duration of analgesia as measured by time to the first postoperative analgesic request. Secondary objectives were the comparison of pain scores at rest and movement, systemic hemodynamics, and the incidence of side effects during the first 24 hours after surgery.

Results:
Fifty patients were recruited (25 in each group), of which data from 48 were available for analysis. The mean±SD duration of analgesia was 20±6 and 23±3 hours in group A and group B, respectively (P=0.07). There were 12/24 (50%) patients in group A and 17/24 (71%) patients in group B who did not receive rescue analgesia during the first 24-hour postoperative period (P=0.07). Pain scores at rest and movement, systemic hemodynamics, and postoperative complications were comparable between the groups.

Conclusions:
The addition of ketamine to epidural morphine did not prolong the duration of analgesia after lumbar laminectomy.
A3907, a systemic ASBT inhibitor, improves cholestasis in mice by multiorgan activity and shows translational relevance to humans
Authors: Caballero-Camino Francisco J. , Rodrigues Pedro M. , Wångsell Fredrik , Agirre-Lizaso Aloña , Olaizola Paula , Izquierdo-Sanchez Laura , Perugorria Maria J. , Bujanda Luis , Angelin Bo , Straniero Sara , Wallebäck Anna , Starke Ingemar , Gillberg Per-Göran , Strängberg Ellen , Bonn Britta , Mattsson Jan P. , Madsen Martin R. , Hansen Henrik H. , Lindström Erik , Åkerblad Peter , Banales Jesus M. 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Cholestasis is characterized by intrahepatic accumulation of bile constituents, including bile acids (BAs), which promote liver damage. The apical sodium-dependent BA transporter (ASBT) plays an important role in BA reabsorption and signaling in ileum, bile ducts, and kidneys. Our aim was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activity of A3907, an oral and systemically available ASBT inhibitor in experimental mouse models of cholestasis. In addition, the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of A3907 were examined in healthy humans.

Approach and Results:
A3907 was a potent and selective ASBT inhibitor in vitro. In rodents, orally administered A3907 distributed to the ASBT-expressing organs, that is, ileum, liver, and kidneys, and dose dependently increased fecal BA excretion. A3907 improved biochemical, histological, and molecular markers of liver and bile duct injury in Mdr2

−/−
mice and also had direct protective effects on rat cholangiocytes exposed to cytotoxic BA concentrations in vitro. In bile duct ligated mice, A3907 increased urinary BA elimination, reduced serum BA levels, and prevented body weight loss, while improving markers of liver injury. A3907 was well tolerated and demonstrated target engagement in healthy volunteers. Plasma exposure of A3907 in humans was within the range of systemic concentrations that achieved therapeutic efficacy in mouse.

Conclusions:
The systemic ASBT inhibitor A3907 improved experimental cholestatic disease by targeting ASBT function at the intestinal, liver, and kidney levels, resulting in marked clearance of circulating BAs and liver protection. A3907 is well tolerated in humans, supporting further clinical development for the treatment of cholestatic liver diseases.
Virological characterization of treatment failures and retreatment outcomes in patients infected with “unusual” HCV genotype 1 subtypes
Authors: Vo-Quang Erwan , Soulier Alexandre , Ndebi Mélissa , Rodriguez Christophe , Chevaliez Stéphane , Leroy Vincent , Fourati Slim , Pawlotsky Jean-Michel ,   the EPIRES-C ANRS/MIE Study Group
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Suboptimal rates of sustained virological response have been reported in patients infected with an “unusual,” non-1a/1b HCV genotype 1 subtype. The objectives of this study were to assess the proportion of non-1a/1b genotype 1 subtypes in a population of HCV-infected patients who failed to achieve sustained virological response after first-line direct-acting antiviral treatment, to virologically characterize their failures and to assess their outcomes on retreatment.

Approach and Results:
Samples addressed between January 2015 and December 2021 to the French National Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis B, C, and D were prospectively analyzed by means of Sanger and deep sequencing. Among 640 failures, 47 (7.3%) occurred in patients infected with an “unusual” genotype 1 subtype. Samples were available in 43 of them; 92.5% of these patients were born in Africa. Our results show the presence at baseline and at treatment failure of NS3 protease and/or NS5A polymorphisms conferring inherent reduced susceptibility to direct-acting antivirals in these patients, together with the presence at failure of additional resistance-associated substitutions not naturally present as dominant species, but jointly selected by first-line therapy.

Conclusions:
Patients infected with “unusual” HCV genotype 1 subtypes are over-represented among direct-acting antiviral treatment failures. Most of them were born and likely infected in sub-Saharan Africa. “Unusual” HCV genotype 1 subtypes naturally carry polymorphisms that confer reduced susceptibility to the drugs currently used to cure hepatitis C, in particular the NS5A inhibitors. Retreatment with sofosbuvir plus an NS3 protease and an NS5A inhibitor is generally efficacious.
Supervisors’ Work Engagement Is Associated With Interactivity and Carefulness in Supporting Subordinates
Authors: Sakai Kosuke , Nagata Tomohisa , Odagami Kiminori , Nagata Masako , Mori Takahiro , Mori Koji 
Published: March 2023

Objective
This study aimed to structure supervisory support and clarify the relationship between supervisors’ work engagement and support for their subordinates.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in a manufacturing company using a questionnaire survey. Supervisors provided open-ended responses regarding the provision of support for their subordinates. Using text mining, we structured these descriptions into multiple categories, assigned words to them, and analyzed frequently mentioned categories by the level of work engagement.

Results
We obtained responses from 729 participants that included 13,968 words. We structured supervisory support by three categories (contents, direction, and attitude toward support) and 11 subcategories. As supervisors’ work engagement increased, the rates of mentioning information retrieval, information transmission, and carefulness increased.

Conclusions
Supervisors with work engagement could communicate with each other and be careful in providing support to their subordinates.
Excessive Dynamic Airway Collapse Severity Scoring System
Authors: Abia-Trujillo David , Yu Lee-Mateus Alejandra , Hernandez-Rojas Daniel , Pulipaka Sai Priyanka , Garcia-Saucedo Juan C. , Saifi Omran , Majid Adnan , Fernandez-Bussy Sebastian 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Severe excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) is defined as airway narrowing due to posterior wall protrusion into the airway lumen, >90%. We aimed to establish an overall severity score to assess severe EDAC and the need for subsequent intervention.

Methods:
A retrospective study of patients who underwent dynamic bronchoscopy for evaluation of expiratory central airway collapse between January 2019 and July 2021. A numerical value was given to each tracheobronchial segmental collapse: 0 points (<70%), 1 point (70% to 79%), 2 points (80% to 89%), and 3 points (>90%) to be added for an overall EDAC severity score per patient. We compared the score among patients who underwent stent trials (severe EDAC) and those who did not. Based on the receiver operating characteristics curve, a cutoff total score to predict severe EDAC was calculated.

Results:
One hundred fifty-eight patients were included. Patients were divided into severe (n = 60) and nonsevere (n = 98) EDAC. A cutoff of 9 as the total score had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 74% to predict severe EDAC, based on an area under the curve 0.888 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.93; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Our EDAC Severity Scoring System was able to discern between severe and nonsevere EDAC by an overall score cutoff of 9, with high sensitivity and specificity for predicting severe disease and the need for further intervention, in our institution.
Reusable and Disposable Incontinence Underpads: Environmental Footprints as a Route for Decision Making to Decarbonize Health Care
Authors: Griffing Evan , Overcash Michael 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Objectives of quality principles in the clinical setting present nursing with opportunities for quality patient care but at lower environmental footprint. This affects patients, hospital personnel, and community because choices reduce climate change and thus support an innovative nursing role.

Purpose:
This article aims to support nursing knowledge to include environment in decisions regarding patient care and reusable versus disposable incontinence underpads (IUPs).

Methods:
A life cycle analysis was conducted, including soiling, reusable cycles before removal, supply chains, laundry use, and end-of-life environmental impact.

Results:
The selection of reusable IUPs versus disposables reduced total natural resource energy consumption by 71%, greenhouse gas emissions by 61%, blue water consumption by 57%, and solid waste by 97%.

Conclusions:
The nursing community can use this information in its health care organizations regarding IUP to advocate for decisions to select reusable IUPs that benefit our environment (air, water, and land).