bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpreter services for immigrants in European healthcare systems: a systematic review of access barriers and facilitators
Authors: Vange Sif Sofie , Nielsen Maj Rørdam , Michaëlis Camilla , Smith Jervelund Signe 
Published: September 2023

Background: Language barriers have been identified as a key access barrier to healthcare services for immigrants. The aim of this study was twofold: to investigate immigrants’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences with barriers and facilitators of interpreter services, and to examine the influence of barriers to interpreter services on the quality of care from immigrant and healthcare professional perspectives. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, SocINDEX and PsycINFO, resulting in 1425 studies. A total of 21 original quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies published between 1996 and 2021 were assessed as eligible for inclusion. Results: Identified barriers included: lack of immediately available interpreter services, cost, lack of knowledge about availability, and attitude towards interpreter services. Facilitators included: a high number of interpreters in the requested language, awareness among healthcare professionals and patients of the patient’s rights to interpreters, and a positive attitude towards use of interpreter services. Regarding quality of care, language barriers created safety risks for the patients, made patients feel unsafe, or delayed patient contact with the healthcare system. Conclusions: Immigrant patients and healthcare professionals experience barriers in using interpreter services due to restrictive policies regarding user fees and limitations to entitlement to interpreters, a limited number of qualified interpreters and lack of knowledge. Medical encounters with unaddressed language barriers can put patients at risk and reduce quality of care for immigrants, which calls for strengthening formal and informal access to interpreters.
Health care use after severe respiratory tract infections in children aged 0 to 5 years
Authors: Larsen Vilde Bergstad , Størdal Ketil , Telle Kjetil , Methi Fredrik , Magnusson Karin 
Published: September 2023

Aim: To explore whether children in specialist care with COVID-19 have increased post-discharge health care use when compared with children in specialist care with 1) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and 2) other respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Methods: In 34,214 children aged 1 month to 5 years who were registered as having one or more hospital visit (outpatient or inpatient) with a diagnosis of COVID-19 ( N = 128), RSV infection ( N = 4,009), or other RTIs ( N = 34,458) from 2017 to 2021, we used a difference-in-differences study design to investigate individual all-cause primary and specialist health care use from 12 weeks prior to 12 weeks after the hospital visit, stratified by infants (1 to 11 months) and children (1 to 5 years). Results: We found a slight increase in primary health care use in the first 4 weeks after the hospital visit for infants with COVID-19 when compared with infants with RSV infection (6 per 10,000; 95% CI [2, 13], a 0.52% relative increase). For infants diagnosed with COVID-19, we found a similar post-visit increase in inpatients when compared with infants with RSV infection, which lasted for 12 weeks. Conclusions: Our findings imply a slightly increased health care use among infants after a hospital visit for COVID-19 than among infants with other RTIs, the potential etiological mechanisms of which deserve future clinical research. Severe COVID-19 in young children will not represent any markedly increased burden on the health services.
Incidence and Etiology of Rare Saphenous Nerve Injury After Knee Surgery with Adductor Canal Block: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Like Brian J. , Soffin Ellen M. , Ortolan Sarah , Guheen Carrie R. , Yang Elaine , Sneag Darryl B. , Kramskiy Vladimir N. , Ranawat Anil S. , Beckman James D. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) is commonly included in multimodal analgesia regimens for knee surgery. Nonetheless, the incidence, etiology, and procedure-specific risk of saphenous nerve injury after knee surgery with ACB have not been established. Purpose: We sought to identify the risk of saphenous nerve injury during knee surgery with ACB. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients at a single institution who underwent elective knee surgery with ultrasound-guided ACB between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018, and had subsequent saphenous nerve injury. The primary outcome was the incidence of saphenous nerve injury within 3 months of surgery, by surgical type and approach. Secondary outcomes included attribution of the most likely etiology and clinical outcome of the injury. Results: In 28,196 cases of knee surgery with ACB, we identified 18 cases (0.06%) of saphenous nerve injury. The most common surgery associated with saphenous nerve injury was anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with autograft (8/18 cases); 3 cases of injury were seen after TKA, 2 after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, 2 after arthroscopy/meniscal surgery, and 1 after patellar fixation. The most likely etiology of nerve injury was attributed to ACB in 5 of 18 cases (28%) and to non-ACB cause in 13 of 18 (72%). Prognosis was rated as unknown in 11 of 18, poor in 2 of 18, favorable in 3 of 18, and full recovery in 2 of 18. Conclusions: This 5-year retrospective, single-institution cohort study found a low overall incidence of saphenous nerve injury after knee surgery with ACB, but the injury likelihood varied based on surgery and approach. Although not statistically significant, ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft and ACB performed for postoperative rescue analgesia were most frequently associated with nerve injury.
Neighborhood Deprivation and Association With Medical Complications, Emergency Department Use, and Readmissions in Shoulder Arthroplasty Patients
Authors: Gordon Adam M. , Sheth Bhavya K. , Conway Charles A. , Horn Andrew R. , Sadeghpour Ramin , Choueka Jack 
Published: September 2023

Background: Social determinants of health are prognostic indicators for patients undergoing orthopedic procedures. Purpose: Using the area deprivation index (ADI), a validated, weighted index of material deprivation and poverty (a 0%-to-100% scale, with higher percentages indicating greater disadvantage), we sought to evaluate whether there are associations in shoulder arthroplasty patients between higher ADI and rates of (1) medical complications, (2) emergency department (ED) utilizations, (3) readmissions, and (4) costs. Methods: We queried the PearlDiver nationwide database for patients who had undergone primary shoulder arthroplasty from 2010 to 2020. Patients from regions associated with high ADI (95%+) were 1:1 propensity matched to a comparison group by age, sex, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index. This yielded 49,440 patients in total. Outcomes included 90-day complications, ED utilizations, readmissions, and costs. Logistic regression models computed odds ratios (ORs) of ADI on the dependent variables. P values of < .05 were significant. Results: Patients from high ADI regions showed higher rates and odds of complications than those in the comparison group (10.84% vs 9.45%; OR: 1.10), including acute kidney injuries (1.73% vs 1.38%; OR: 1.23), urinary tract infections (3.19% vs 2.80%; OR: 1.13), and respiratory failures (0.49% vs 0.33%; OR: 1.44), but not increased ED visits (2.66% vs 2.71%; OR: 0.99) or readmissions (3.07% vs 2.96%; OR: 1.03). Patients from high ADI regions incurred higher costs on day of surgery ($8251 vs $7337) and at 90 days ($10,999 vs $9752). Conclusions: This 10-year retrospective database study found that patients from high ADI regions undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty had increased rates of all 90-day medical complications, suggesting that measures of social determinants of health could inform health care policy and improve post-discharge care in these patients.
An audit of CTPA and V/Q scan for investigation of pulmonary embolism in pregnancy
Authors: Ehrlich Romy , Lowe Sandra 
Published: September 2023

Background Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be fatal yet difficult to diagnose in pregnancy. Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) or ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scans are often conducted, potentially leading to low positive scan rates. Methods Retrospective data analysis was conducted for pregnant women and non-pregnant age-matched control who underwent CTPA and/or V/Q scan for investigation of PE. The main outcomes were the positive and non-diagnostic imaging rates. Results In total, 440 women underwent V/Q or CTPA scans, 86 of whom were pregnant (19.5%). The positive scan rate was 3.5% and 8.8% in the pregnant and non-pregnant groups, respectively ( p = 0.1). The non-diagnostic scan rate was similar between pregnant and non-pregnant groups (13.9% vs 9.9%, p = 0.3). Within the pregnant group, there were more non-diagnostic CTPAs than V/Q scans ( p = 0.005). Conclusion Our study confirms a low positive imaging rate and a relatively high non-diagnostic CTPA rate in pregnancy. Newer strategies are needed to reduce the number of negative imaging studies conducted.
Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Concentration Increases More After Running Than Swimming for Older People
Authors: Hay Alexandra M. , Rhoades Madison J. , Bangerter Stephanie , Ferguson Seth A. , Lee Hyunwook , T. Gill Martha , Page Garritt L. , Pope Andrew , Measom Gary J. , Hager Ronald L. , Seeley Matthew K. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is common in older people. Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) is a biomarker of knee articular cartilage metabolism. The purpose of this study was 2-fold: to (1) determine acute effects of running and swimming on sCOMP concentration in older people; and (2) investigate relationships between sCOMP concentration change due to running and swimming and measures of knee health in older people. Hypotheses: Running would result in greater increase in sCOMP concentration than swimming, and increase in sCOMP concentration due to running and swimming would associate positively with measures of poor knee health. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 20 participants ran 5 km and 19 participants swam 1500 m. sCOMP concentration was measured immediately before, immediately after, and 15, 30, and 60 minutes after running or swimming. sCOMP concentration change due to running and swimming was compared. Correlations between sCOMP concentration change due to running and swimming, and other measures of knee health were evaluated, including the Tegner Activity Scale and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Results: sCOMP concentration increased 29% immediately after running, relative to baseline, but only 6% immediately after swimming ( P < 0.01). No significant relationship was observed between acute sCOMP change due to running and swimming, and observed measures of knee health ( P > 0.05). Participants with clinically relevant knee symptoms exhibited greater sCOMP concentration before and after running and swimming ( P = 0.03) and had greater body mass ( P = 0.04). Conclusion: Running results in greater acute articular cartilage metabolism than swimming; however, the chronic effects of this are unclear. Older people with clinically relevant knee symptoms possess greater sCOMP concentration and are heavier, independent of exercise mode and physical activity level. Clinical Relevance: These results describe the effects of exercise (running and swimming) for older physically active persons, with and without knee pain.
Satisfaction and Feasibility Evaluation of an Electronic Massager—Expert Manipulative Massage Automation (EMMA): A Pilot Study
Authors: Yang Juan , Croghan Ivana T. , Fokken Shawn C. , Johnson Devan E. , Calva Jason J , Do Alexander , Mueller Michael R. , Bauer Brent A. , Chon Tony Y. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Electronic massagers have gained popularity for their non-invasive and cost-effective approach to healthcare. However, existing electronic massagers require manual manipulation, leading to inconsistency. Objective: To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of the Electronic Massager—Expert Manipulative Massage Automation (EMMA) among the American population. Methods: A single-arm pilot study was conducted at Mayo Clinic Rochester campus. Participants received massage therapy with the EMMA treatment model and completed a demographics and Satisfaction Survey Questionnaire. Data were collected using REDCap, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: Twenty healthy volunteers (13 women, 7 men; median age, 47 years) participated and completed the intervention within 2 weeks. No adverse events were reported. Overall, the acceptability and satisfaction of massage utilizing EMMA were high, with all participants finding the study worthwhile, willing to participate again, and willing to recommend the study to others. Regarding the overall experience, 65.0% reported a better-than-expected experience. Responses to open-ended post-treatment questions showed that most participants enjoyed the warmth (35%), pressure (25%), and relaxation (20%) provided by EMMA, with the majority suggesting no changes or improvements were needed. However, some participants expressed a desire for an expanded massage area (20%). Conclusions: This study suggests that the EMMA massager has high acceptability and satisfaction among healthy volunteers, thus demonstrating its feasibility. However, further research is needed to optimize EMMA and assess its clinical effectiveness.
Magnitude and Predictors of Medication Administration Errors Among Nurses in Public Hospitals in Northeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrye Dagne Belete , Wudu Muluken Amare , Hailu Molla Kassa 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Currently, patient safety and quality of care have become a public health concern. However, medication administration errors are common in global medical settings and may cause problems ranging from the subtle to the fatal. Objective To assess the Magnitude and determinant factors of Medication Administration Errors among nurses working in the public hospitals in the Eastern Amhara region, Northeastern Ethiopia, 2022. Methods A multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used in South Wollo Zone public hospitals from February–March 2022, with 423 nurses selected using a simple random method. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire, entered, and analyzed using EpiData 4.6.0 and SPSS 26. Predictors of medication administration errors were identified by multivariate logistic regression. Result Magnitude of Medication Administration Errors in the study areas was 229 (55%), 95% CI [0.501, 0.599]. Service provision to ≥ 11 patients per day (AOR: 2.52, 95% CI [1.187, 6.78]), interruption (AOR: 4.943, 95% CI [2.088, 11.712]), lack of training (AOR: 6.35, 95% CI [3.340, 7.053]), ≥ 4 years and 5–9 years of experience respectively (AOR: 3.802, 95% CI [1.343, 10.763]), (AOR: 2.804, 95% CI [1.062, 7.424]) were factors associated with Medication Error. likewise, shortage of time (AOR: 5.637, 95% CI [2.575, 12.337]), lack of guidelines (AOR: 2.418, 95% CI [1.556, 5.086]), workload (AOR: 7.32, 95% CI [3.146, 17.032]) and stress (AOR: 12.061, 95% CI [33.624, 53.737]) were determinant factors for Medication Administration Errors. Conclusion and recommendation In the current study, medication administration errors were common. Patient load, interruption, nurse's service experience, time deficit, stress, a lack of training, and the absence of guidelines were associated with medication administration errors. Therefore, ongoing training, the availability of guidelines, the presence of a good working environment, and the retention of experienced nurses can all be critical steps in improving patient safety.
Associations between neurovascular coupling and cerebral small vessel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Sheng , Webb Alastair John Stewart 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) remains elusive despite evidence of an association between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and endothelial cerebrovascular dysfunction. Neurovascular coupling (NVC) may be a practical alternative measure of endothelial function. We performed a systematic review of reported associations between NVC and cSVD. Methods: EMBASE and PubMed were searched for studies reporting an association between any STRIVE-defined marker of cSVD and a measure of NVC during functional magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial Doppler, positron emission tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy or single-photon emission computed tomography, from inception to November 3rd, 2022. Where quantitative data was available from studies using consistent tests and analyses, results were combined by inverse-variance weighted random effects meta-analysis. Findings: Of 29 studies (19 case-controls; 10 cohorts), 26 reported decreased NVC with increasing severity of cSVD, of which 18 were individually significant. In 28 studies reporting associations with increasing WMH, 25 reported reduced NVC. Other markers of cSVD were associated with reduced NVC in: eight of nine studies with cerebral microbleeds (six showing a significant effect); three of five studies with lacunar stroke; no studies reported an association with enlarged perivascular spaces. Specific SVD diseases were particularly associated with reduced NVC, including six out of seven studies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and all four studies in CADASIL. In limited meta-analyses, %BOLD occipital change to a visual stimulus was consistently reduced with more severe WMH (seven studies, SMD −1.51, p < 0.01) and increasing microbleeds (seven studies, SMD −1.31, p < 0.01). Discussion and Conclusion: In multiple, small studies, neurovascular coupling was reduced in patients with increasing severity of all markers of cSVD in sporadic disease, CAA and CADASIL. Cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction, manifest as impaired NVC, may be a common marker of physiological dysfunction due to small vessel injury that can be easily measured in large studies and clinical practice.
Ischaemic Stroke After Chronic Subdural Haematoma: An Uncommon Complication in a Common Disease
Authors: Datta Debajyoti , Chatterjee Debarshi 
Published: September 2023

Background Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is a common neurosurgical disease, particularly among the elderly, especially those on antiplatelet or anticoagulation with trivial trauma. While anticoagulants/antiplatelets increase the chance of rebleeding in cases of CSDH, discontinuation may increase the risk of stroke in these patients. Case Description We report two cases of CSDH in elderly patients with risk factors who suffered from an ischaemic stroke after undergoing surgery. The first case was an elderly gentleman who had a history of percutaneous coronary intervention, presenting with a CSDH. He developed an anterior cerebral artery infarct in the immediate postoperative period. The second was an elderly gentleman with a history of hypertension presenting with a concomitant left thalamic infarct and large left-sided CSDH. He developed a second middle cerebral artery infarct of the opposite side in the immediate postoperative period. Conclusion The medications used for stroke prophylaxis, that is, antiplatelets and anticoagulants are predisposing factors for the development of CSDH. However, the perioperative period of these patients remains vulnerable to the development of new-onset ischaemic stroke.
Narsarsukite in peralkaline granites from the Papanduva Pluton, Graciosa Province, south Brazil: Insights from textural and compositional features
Authors: Vlach Silvio R.F. , Vilalva Frederico C.J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe report textural and compositional data for the titanosilicate narsarsukite [Na2(Ti,Fe3+)Si4(O,F)11] in peralkaline granites from the Papanduva Pluton in Graciosa Province, south-southeastern Brazil. Two distinct narsarsukite generations, one late magmatic and the other post-magmatic, were identified on the basis of textural and compositional features. The magmatic generation consists of larger, euhedral to subhedral variably zoned crystals and late poikilitic intergrowths between narsarsukite and albite laths, representing the crystallisation of the latest melt pockets. The post-magmatic generation forms smaller, typically fibrous crystals and irregular aggregates that occur interstitially or replace the primary mafic minerals, particularly arfvedsonite. Compositions of narsarsukite from the Papanduva Pluton cover most of the compositional range described in known occurrences. The magmatic generation is enriched in Zr and depleted in Al. The Fe3+ and Al contents show a positive correlation for the magmatic crystals, but a negative correlation for the post-magmatic narsarsukite. The Al/Fe3+ ratios are higher in the post-magmatic crystals and can be used to discriminate between the two generations. The compositional variations are controlled mainly by the heterovalent substitution (Ti, Zr)4+ + O2– = (Al, Fe)3+ + F1–, and are compatible with (OH)1– ions in the O site. Narsarsukite has significantly higher concentrations of mid REE+Y and HFSE and very low to absent contents of LREE and LILE relative to the host-rocks. The average REE pattern of the magmatic crystals is highly fractionated, consistent with the expected strong preference for the smaller HREE. The post-magmatic crystals that replace arfvedsonite have flatter patterns, with higher concentrations of LREE and MREE. Their compositions suggest a fluid phase relatively rich in HFSE, REE, Y, Pb, Th and U. Narsarsukite is a common phase in strongly peralkaline granites such as the Papanduva Pluton and the well-known Strange Lake Complex, and should be considered a diagnostic mineral of highly peralkaline SiO2-oversaturated rocks containing rare Ti and Zr mineral assemblages.
Hemostasis defects underlying the hemorrhagic syndrome caused by mammarenaviruses in a cynomolgus macaque model
Authors: Lafoux Blaise , Baillet Nicolas , Picard Caroline , Fourcaud Gustave , Borges-Cardoso Virginie , Reynard Stéphanie , Journeaux Alexandra , Germain Clara , Perthame Emeline , Mateo Mathieu , Hortion Jimmy , Carnec Xavier , Pietrosemoli Natalia , Moroso Marie , Lacroix Orianne , Jourjon Ophélie , Barron Stéphane , Vallve Audrey , Duthey Aurélie , Jacquot Frédéric , Barrot Laura , Dirheimer Manon , Raoul Hervé , Nougier Christophe , Baize Sylvain 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (HF) are a group of acute febrile diseases with high mortality rates. Although hemostatic dysfunction appears to be a major determinant of the severity of the disease, it is still unclear what pathogenic mechanisms lead to it. In clinical studies it is found that arenaviruses, such as Lassa, Machupo, and Guanarito viruses cause HF that vary in symptoms and biological alterations. In this study we aimed to characterize the hemostatic dysfunction induced by arenaviral HF to determine its implication in the severity of the disease and to elucidate the origin of this syndrome. We found that lethal infection with Machupo, Guanarito, and Lassa viruses is associated with cutaneomucosal, cerebral, digestive, and pulmonary hemorrhages. The affected animals developed a severe alteration of the coagulation system, which was concomitant with acute hepatitis, minor deficit of hepatic factor synthesis, presence of a plasmatic inhibitor of coagulation, and dysfunction of the fibrinolytic system. Despite signs of increased vascular permeability, endothelial cell infection was not a determinant factor of the hemorrhagic syndrome. There were also alterations of the primary hemostasis during lethal infection, with moderate to severe thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. Finally, we show that lethal infection is accompanied by a reduced hematopoietic potential of the bone marrow. This study provides an unprecedented characterization of the hemostasis defects induced by several highly pathogenic arenaviruses.