bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials
Authors: Saparov Bayram 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent decades, there has been remarkable progress in the field of photovoltaics, direct conversion of essentially limitless (sun)light into electricity using semiconductor materials. These include significant advances in materials processing and improvements in device efficiencies, and steep declines in the materials and processing costs. The commercialized PV technologies so far all utilize inorganic semiconductors as solar absorbers due to their notable advantages such as record high power conversion efficiencies, low cost, and durability. However, significant challenges remain including material and performance deficiencies of the state‐of‐the‐art inorganic photovoltaic materials. The emerging novel inorganic semiconductors aim to address some of the key issues of commercialized photovoltaic materials. This article reviews established inorganic photovoltaic materials and new candidate photovoltaic materials with a focus on their crystal chemistry.
The Electronic and Thermoelectric Transport Properties of Zintl Pnictides
Authors: Ogunbunmi Michael O. , Bobev Svilen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Research on Zintl pnictides has continued to garner significant interest over the course of the past several decades. These compounds fall at the border of the typical valence‐precise and the typical intermetallic compounds, and are characterized by intrinsic narrow bandgaps, thus making them especially suited for developing excellent thermoelectrics, photovoltaic cells, and long‐wavelength detector materials. In recent times, attention has also been drawn to these phases for identifying promising topological quantum materials, which are of great interest in the scientific community. In this article, we present some aspects of our ongoing research endeavors on the synthesis of new Zintl pnictides and also discuss their structure–bonding–property relationships based on a suite of combined electronic and transport property measurements and theoretical models. Of special note in several of the presented phases is their intricate atomic bonding and a large unit cell volume, which can drive the realization of ultralow lattice thermal conductivity in such materials. We further highlight the promising thermoelectric properties of selected materials and provide some perspectives on future investigations into optimizing their properties.
Direct reduction of diluted CO2 gas to C2 products by copper hydroxyphosphate microrods
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu Yunliang , Yu Qing , Zhang Qiankang , Si Zhanbo , Li Haitao , Xu Hui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 is widely researched in recent years. However, direct electro‐reduction of diluted CO2 to C2 products is seldomly studied. In this work, electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 with different concentrations were conducted on Cu2(PO4)(OH) catalysts. The catalytic performance in diluted CO2 is comparable with that in pure CO2 by using Cu2(PO4)(OH) as catalyst. Besides, the selectivity of C2 product is still as high as 64.6% in 50%CO2 concentration. The normalized C2 current density of Cu2(PO4)(OH) was over 6.8 times higher than that of commonly used Cu2O–Cu catalyst with similar size. In situ Raman spectroscopy proved that Cu+ is the main active site at higher potentials. More importantly, a higher local pH is realized under diluted CO2 test conditions which is favorable for promoting C–C coupling. Finally, in situ ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy was performed to further monitor and identify the adsorbed intermediates and help reveal the mechanism for the catalysts.
Visual search in Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: An eye‐tracking study
Authors: Eraslan Boz Hatice , Koçoğlu Koray , Akkoyun Müge , Tüfekci Işıl Yağmur , Ekin Merve , Akdal Gülden 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONVisual search impairment is a potential cognitive marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The aim of this study is to compare eye movements during visual tracking in AD and aMCI patients versus healthy controls (HCs).METHODSA prospective cohort study included 32 AD and 37 aMCI patients, and 33 HCs. Each participant was asked to look at the target object in a visual stimulus containing one target and eight distractors, and eye movements were recorded with EyeLink 1000 Plus.RESULTSAD patients had fewer fixations and shorter target fixation duration than aMCI patients and HCs. Fixation durations were also shorter in aMCI patients compared to HCs. Also, AD patients were more fixated on distractors than HCs.DISCUSSIONOur findings revealed that visual search is impaired in the early stages of AD and even aMCI, highlighting the importance of addressing visual processes in the Alzheimer's continuum.Highlights
AD patients looked to distractors more and longer than the target compared to aMCI patients and older healthy individuals.
aMCI patients had an impaired visual search pattern compared to healthy controls, just like patients with AD.
The visual search task differentiated AD and aMCI patients from healthy individuals without dementia.
Ein bidentates Antimon‐Pniktogenbrücken‐Wirtsystem
Authors: Beckmann J. Louis , Krieft Jonas , Vishnevskiy Yury V. , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEin zweizähniges Pniktogenbrücken‐Wirtsystem auf der Basis von 1,8‐Diethinylanthracen wurde mittels einer selektiven Zinn‐Antimon‐Austauschreaktion hergestellt und auf seine Fähigkeit untersucht, als Lewis‐saure Wirtskomponente für die Komplexierung von Lewis‐basischen oder anionischen Gästen zu fungieren. In dieser Arbeit wurde mit der C≡C−Sb(C2F5)2‐Gruppe eine neuartige Akzeptorfunktion etabliert, mit der das Potenzial von Antimon(III)‐Funktionen als Vertreter der kaum erforschten Pniktogenbrücken‐Donatoren untersucht werden kann. Die Akzeptorfähigkeit dieses teilfluorierten Wirtsystems wurde gegenüber Halogenidanionen (Cl−, Br−, I−), Dimethylchalkogeniden Me2Y (Y = O, S, Se, Te) und Stickstoffheterozyklen (Pyridin, Pyrimidin) untersucht. Einblicke in das Adduktbildungsverhalten sowie die Bindungssituation solcher E⋅⋅⋅Sb−CF‐Einheiten wurden in Lösung mittels NMR‐Spektroskopie, im festen Zustand durch Röntgenbeugung, durch Elementaranalysen sowie durch rechnerische Methoden (DFT, QTAIM, IQA) gewonnen.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Furfural Oxidation over CuOx/Nb2O5
Authors: Ren Puning , Zhou Yue , Su Kaiyi , Sun Lulu , Luo Nengchao , Wang Feng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMaleic anhydride (MA) is an important polyester monomer that can be produced from oxidizing renewable furfural derived from biomass. However, MA generation from furfural requires harsh reaction conditions, and suffers from low efficiency and solvent corrosion. Herein, we design a Nb2O5 photocatalyst loaded of highly dispersed CuOx (CuOx/Nb2O5), which selectively catalyzes furfural oxidation to MA and the precursor (5‐hydroxy‐2(5H)‐furanone, HF). Due to CuOx loading and forming a complex of ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) between the Nb2O5 surface and adsorbed furfural, the CuOx/Nb2O5 absorbs visible light to activate furfural though Nb2O5 has a large band‐gap energy (3.2 eV). Singlet oxygen (1O2) is the key active species for C−C bond cleavage and CO generation. MA and HF is produced with a combined yield of 59 % under optimized conditions. This work provides a mild way to provide renewable maleic anhydride via oxidative C−C bond cleavage.
W. M. Keck observatory instrumentation status and future direction
Authors: Kassis Marc , Allen Steven L. , Alverez Carlos , Baker Ashley , Banyal Ravinder K. , Bertz Robert , Beichman Charles , Brown Aaron , Brown Matthew , Bundy Kevin , Cabak Gerald , Cetre Sylvain , Chin Jason , Chun Mark R. , Cooke Jeff , Delorme Jacques , Deich William , Dekany Richard G. , Devenot Mark , Doppmann Greg , Edelstein Jerry , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Fucik Jason R. , Gao Maodong , Gibson Steve , Gillingham Peter R. , Gomez Percy , Gottschalk Colby , Halverson Sam , Hill Grant , Hinz Philip , Holden Bradford P. , Howard Andrew W. , Jones Tucker , Jovanovic Nemanja , Kirby Evan , Krishnan Shanti , Kupke Renate , Lanclos Kyle , Larkin James E. , Leifer Stephanie D. , Lewis Hilton A. , Lilley Scott , Lu Jessica R. , Lyke James E. , MacDonald Nicholas , Martin Christopher , Mather John , Matuszewski Mateusz , Mawet Dimitri , McCarney Ben , McGurk Rosalie , Marin Eduardo , Millar‐Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Nance Craig , Nash Reston B. , Neill James D. , O'Meara John M. , Peretz Eliad , Poppett Claire , Konopacky Quinn , Radovan Matthew V. , Ragland Sam , Rider Kodi , Roberts Mitsuko , Rockosi Constance , Rubenzahl Ryan , Sallum Stephanie , Sandford Dale , Savage Maureen , Simha Sunil , Skemer Andy J. , Steidel Charles C. , Stelter Richard D. , Surendran Avinash , Walawender Josh , Westfall Kyle B. , Wizinowich Peter , Wright Shelley , Yeh Sherry 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince the start of science operations in 1993, the twin 10‐m W. M. Keck Observatory (WMKO) telescopes have continued to maximize their scientific impact and to produce transformative discoveries that keep the observing community on the frontiers of astronomical research. Upgraded capabilities and new instrumentation are provided through collaborative partnerships with Caltech, the University of California, and the University of Hawaii instrument development teams along with industry and other organizations. The observatory adapts and responds to the observers' evolving needs as defined in the observatory's strategic plan periodically refreshed in collaboration with the science community. This paper is an overview of the instrumentation projects that range from commissioning to early conceptual stages. An emphasis is placed on the detector, detector controllers, and capability needs that are driven by the desired future technology defined in the 2022 strategic plan.
Why use or forgo formal and informal appropriation mechanisms? A qualitative study of sustainable innovations from small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Morales Pablo , Flikkema Meindert , Castaldi Carolina , de Man Ard‐Pieter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe role that appropriation mechanisms such as patents and secrecy play in sustainable innovation is currently being debated. In particular, we lack an understanding of the different motives behind using or forgoing specific appropriation mechanisms. Current knowledge is mainly derived from the general innovation literature, which emphasizes profiting from innovation. However, sustainable innovators also seek to positively impact the environment and society, which raises the question of whether existing appropriation literature also applies to sustainable innovation. We interviewed 42 business leaders from small‐to‐medium‐sized enterprises concerning a recently commercialized sustainable innovation. The results indicate that known motives from the general innovation literature apply to sustainable innovation but also reveal motives specific to sustainable innovation. We also discovered motives suitable to all innovations, such as non‐disclosure agreement motives extending beyond achieving secrecy. Theoretically, our findings suggest the profiting from innovation framework may also apply to sustainable innovation, even though the pursuit of profits is not the only motive of sustainable innovators. In practical terms, the results help sustainable innovators to craft an appropriation strategy, and policy‐related opportunities arise for improving patent and trademark filing experiences.
An MRI‐based machine learning radiomics can predict short‐term response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter study
Authors: Xin Zhonghong , Yan Wanying , Feng Yibo , Yunzhi Li , Zhang Yaping , Wang Dawei , Chen Weidao , Peng Jianhong , Guo Cheng , Chen Zixian , Wang Xiaohui , Zhu Jun , Lei Junqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has become an essential component of the comprehensive treatment of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). However, not all patients respond to chemotherapy due to individual differences in sensitivity and tolerance to chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, accurately predicting the sensitivity of CSCC patients to NACT was vital for individual chemotherapy. This study aims to construct a machine learning radiomics model based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess its efficacy in predicting NACT susceptibility among CSCC patients.MethodsThis study included 234 patients with CSCC from two hospitals, who were divided into a training set (n = 180), a testing set (n = 20), and an external validation set (n = 34). Manual radiomic features were extracted from transverse section MRI images, and feature selection was performed using the recursive feature elimination (RFE) method. A prediction model was then generated using three machine learning algorithms, namely logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machines (SVM), for predicting NACT susceptibility. The model's performance was assessed based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, and sensitivity.ResultsThe SVM approach achieves the highest scores on both the testing set and the external validation set. In the testing set and external validation set, the AUC of the model was 0.88 and 0.764, and the accuracy was 0.90 and 0.853, the sensitivity was 0.93 and 0.962, respectively.ConclusionsMachine learning radiomics models based on MRI images have achieved satisfactory performance in predicting the sensitivity of NACT in CSCC patients with high accuracy and robustness, which has great significance for the treatment and personalized medicine of CSCC patients.
Unlocking High‐Performance Supercapacitor Behavior and Sustained Chemical Stability of 2D Metallic CrSe2 by Optimal Electrolyte Selection
Authors: Li Weihao , Wolff Niklas , Kumar Samuel Arun , Wang Yuanshen , Georgiev Vihar P. , Kienle Lorenz , Ganin Alexey Y. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors are energy storage devices with the ability to rapidly charge and discharge, making them a valuable complement to battery systems. To maximize their fast‐charging capabilities, identifying materials and methods to enhance their energy density is crucial. In this work, we carried out a comprehensive study of an emerging 2D dichalcogenide, CrSe2, as a supercapacitor material. We demonstrate that CrSe2 can be obtained at ambient temperature through deintercalation of a relevant KCrSe2 precursor using a 0.5 M solution of I2 in acetonitrile. Although CrSe2 decomposed in 1 M KOH, it was found to be chemically stable in common electrolytes such as H2SO4, Li2SO4, and Na2SO4. Despite low surface area CrSe2 reached a specific capacitance of 27 F g−1 in 1 M H2SO4 and, thus consistently outperformed high surface carbon black. Computational studies suggested that the metallic conductivity of CrSe2 was likely the primary factor contributing to the superior performance of this 2D chalcogenide over high surface carbon analogues.
Catalyst‐ and Substrate‐Controlled Regiodivergent Synthesis of Carbazoles through Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclizations of Indole‐Functionalized Alkynols
Authors: Solas Marta , Muñoz‐Torres Miguel A. , Martínez‐Lara Fernando , Renedo Lorena , Suárez‐Pantiga Samuel , Sanz Roberto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA wide variety of regioselectively substituted carbazole derivatives can be synthesized by the gold‐catalyzed cyclization of alkynols bearing an indol‐3‐yl and an additional group at the homopropargylic positions. The regioselectivity of the process can be controlled by both the oxidation state of the gold catalyst and the electronic nature of the substituents of the alkynol moiety. The 1,2‐alkyl migration in the spiroindoleninium intermediate, generated after indole attack to the activated alkyne, is favored with gold(I) complexes and for electron‐rich aromatic substituents at the homopropargylic position, whereas the 1,2‐alkenyl shift is preferred when using gold(III) salts and for alkyl or non‐electron‐rich aromatic groups.
Increase in incidence of anorexia nervosa among 10‐ to 14‐year‐old girls: A nationwide study in the Netherlands over four decades
Authors: van Eeden Annelies E. , van Hoeken Daphne , Hendriksen Janneke M. T. , Hoek Hans W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis primary care study examined time trends in the incidence of anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) in the Netherlands across four decades.MethodsA nationwide network of general practitioners, serving approximately 1% of the total Dutch population, recorded newly diagnosed patients with AN and BN in their practices from 1985 to 2019 (2,890,978 person‐years). DSM‐IV diagnostic criteria were consistently used and the same psychiatrist was responsible for the final diagnostic decision. Incidence rates (IRs) were calculated for: the total population (all ages), females overall, and females per 5‐year age category. Time trends in IRs were analyzed using JoinPoint regression analyses.ResultsIn four decades, the incidence of AN among 10‐ to 14‐year‐old females increased significantly from 8.6 to 38.6 per 100,000 person‐years (average period percentage change [APPC] = 56.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.5–130.6. The overall incidence of AN was stable, with IRs ranging from 6.0 (95% CI = 4.3–8.1) to 8.4 (95% CI = 6.4–10.8). The IR of BN decreased significantly from 8.7 (95% CI = 6.7–11.0) to 3.2 (95% CI = 2.0–4.9) in the 2000s, before leveling off in the 2010s (IR 3.2; 95% CI = 2.0–4.8).DiscussionThe incidence of AN among 10‐ to 14‐year‐old girls increased significantly over four decades. Both biological and sociocultural factors, for example, early pubertal timing and the impact of social media, might explain this. In other age groups and overall, the incidence of AN remained stable. The significant decrease of the incidence of BN in the previous decades halted in the last decade.Public SignificanceAn important finding of the present study is that for 10‐ to 14‐year‐old girls, the risk for developing anorexia nervosa has increased significantly over 40 years. More healthcare facilities for younger people are needed, and prevention programs could include social media use. For bulimia nervosa, the general decrease in the occurrence of new cases has halted in the 2010s.
An experimental study of the effect of thermoelectric and water cooling on the performance of a basin solar still with an integrated condenser
Authors: Kerfah Rabah , Yahia Mahammed Khaled , Benabdelaziz Ferhat Kamel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of cooling methods on the performance of a basin solar still integrated with a condensation chamber wall. Two different cooling techniques of the condensation chamber, namely water cooling and radiative cooling, were tested in Algerian climatic conditions. The findings revealed that the type of cooling system significantly affects the temperature of different components of the solar still. Moreover, the output of Peltier‐cooled still was better on the basin side, while the water‐cooled still was better on the condensation chamber side. The solar stills equipped with Peltier and water cooling produced 2.95 and 2.44 kg/m2 day, respectively. Additionally, the use of radiative cooling increased the solar still production by 43% compared to water cooling. The cost analysis indicated that the radiative‐cooled solar still is more cost‐effective with a cost of $0.09237 per liter of freshwater produced, compared to $0.29320 per liter produced by the water‐cooled still over the 15‐year system lifespan.
Climate‐smart agriculture as a possible solution to mitigate climate change impact on food security in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Akinsemolu Adenike A. , Onyeaka Helen N. , Tamasiga Phemelo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate change is a constant threat to global food security. In Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), extended dry spells, heavy rainfall, flooding, and tropical storms have driven a large percentage of the population to a severe food crisis. Climate‐smart agriculture (CSA) is a potential comprehensive solution whose adoption can mitigate climate change and its ramifications on the state of food security in the region. CSA combines innovation, the use of technology, extensive research, stakeholder involvement, and data to increase food production, optimize resource allocation and utilization, and enhance the region's ability to feed its population. The adoption of CSA has succeeded in increasing agricultural productivity in several parts of SSA and will help towards the building of resilience food systems across the region amid constant and unpredictable climate change and its far‐reaching impacts in the region. For the sustained and universal adoption of CSA within the region, there is a need for more stakeholder involvement in its development and adaptation to the needs of specific communities. Furthermore, it is necessary to leverage the positive impact of the approach by expanding its scope beyond climate change mitigation to prevention and control, and ultimately help in achieving the United Nations SDG 2 and 13.
Prosocial decision‐making under time pressure: Behavioral and neural mechanisms
Authors: Liu Zhengjie , Zhao Hailing , Xu Yashi , Liu Jie , Cui Fang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study employed a novel paradigm and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to uncover the specific regulatory mechanism of time pressure and empathy trait in prosocial decision‐making, compared to self‐decision making. Participants were instructed to decide whether to spend their own monetary interest to alleviate themselves (or another person) from unpleasant noise threats under high and low time pressures. On the behavioral level, results showed that high time pressure had a significant effect on reducing participants' willingness to spend money on relieving themselves from the noise, while there is a similar but not significant trend in prosocial decision‐making. On the neural level, for self‐concerned decision‐making, low time pressure activated the bilateral insula more strongly than high time pressure. For prosocial decision‐making, high time pressure suppressed activations in multiple brain regions related to empathy (temporal pole, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus), valuation (medial orbitofrontal cortex), and emotion (putamen). The functional connectivity strength among these regions, especially the connectivity between the medial orbitofrontal cortex and putamen, significantly predicted the effect of time pressure on prosocial decision‐making at the behavioral level. Additionally, we discovered the activation of the medial orbitofrontal cortex partially mediated the effect of empathy trait scores on prosocial decision‐making. These findings suggest that (1) there are different neural underpinnings for the modulation of time pressure for self and prosocial decision‐making, and (2) the empathy trait plays a crucial role in the latter.