bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A screen for histone mutations that affect quiescence in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Small Eric M. , Osley Mary Ann 
Published: March 2023

Quiescence or G0 is a reversible state in which cells cease division but retain the ability to resume proliferation. Quiescence occurs in all organisms and is essential for stem cell maintenance and tissue renewal. It is also related to chronological lifespan (CLS)—the survival of postmitotic quiescent cells (Q cells) over time—and thus contributes to longevity. Important questions remain regarding the mechanisms that control entry into quiescence, maintenance of quiescence and re‐entry of Q cells into the cell cycle. S. cerevisiae has emerged as an excellent organism in which to address these questions because of the ease in which Q cells can be isolated. Following entry into G0, yeast cells remain viable for an extended period and can re‐enter the cell cycle when exposed to growth‐promoting signals. Histone acetylation is lost during the formation of Q cells and chromatin becomes highly condensed. This unique chromatin landscape regulates quiescence‐specific transcriptional repression and has been linked to the formation and maintenance of Q cells. To ask whether other chromatin features regulate quiescence, we conducted two comprehensive screens of histone H3 and H4 mutants and identified mutants that show either altered quiescence entry or CLS. Examination of several quiescence entry mutants found that none of the mutants retain histone acetylation in Q cells but show differences in chromatin condensation. A comparison of H3 and H4 mutants with altered CLS to those with altered quiescence entry found that chromatin plays both overlapping and independent roles in the continuum of the quiescence program.
Bioavailability of mineral‐associated trace metals as cofactors for nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter vinelandii
Authors: Srivastava Shreya , Dong Hailiang , Baars Oliver , Sheng Yizhi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLife on Earth depends on N2‐fixing microbes to make ammonia from atmospheric N2 gas by the nitrogenase enzyme. Most nitrogenases use Mo as a cofactor; however, V and Fe are also possible. N2 fixation was once believed to have evolved during the Archean‐Proterozoic times using Fe as a cofactor. However, δ15N values of paleo‐ocean sediments suggest Mo and V cofactors despite their low concentrations in the paleo‐oceans. This apparent paradox is based on an untested assumption that only soluble metals are bioavailable. In this study, laboratory experiments were performed to test the bioavailability of mineral‐associated trace metals to a model N2‐fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii. N2 fixation was observed when Mo in molybdenite, V in cavansite, and Fe in ferrihydrite were used as the sole sources of cofactors, but the rate of N2 fixation was greatly reduced. A physical separation between minerals and cells further reduced the rate of N2 fixation. Biochemical assays detected five siderophores, including aminochelin, azotochelin, azotobactin, protochelin, and vibrioferrin, as possible chelators to extract metals from minerals. The results of this study demonstrate that mineral‐associated trace metals are bioavailable as cofactors of nitrogenases to support N2 fixation in those environments that lack soluble trace metals and may offer a partial answer to the paradox.
Tongue training technique for guiding the mandible in establishing horizontal jaw relation in edentulous patients
Authors: Singarvel Chidambaranathan Ahila , Madan Vidhya , Balasubramanium Muthukumar 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEdentulous patients have poor neuromuscular proprioception to guide the mandible to the desirable horizontal relation. Horizontal jaw relation is a complex relationship in which variation may occur in vertical, anteroposterior and mediolateral directions.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to train the tongue and bring the mandible to centric relation in geriatric edentulous cases.Materials and MethodsProtrude the tongue to the maximum length and retract back to centric relation, move the tongue on the left side beyond the angle of the mouth and bringing back to centric relation, move the tongue on the right and left side beyond the angle of the mouth and bringing back to centric relation, then the tongue should move upwards and touches the marginal tubercle of upper lip and bringing back to centric relation and move the tongue upward and posteriorly to touch the posterior part of the hard palate of the maxilla and swallowing.ResultsEdentulous patient can successfully move the mandible in centric relation after training the tongue.ConclusionThe present technique is useful for establishment of horizontal jaw relation in edentulous cases using tongue training exercise in Prosthodontic dentistry.
Regulation mechanisms of CARMA1–Bcl10–MALT1 complex assembly inferred from the analysis of TRAF6‐deficient cells
Authors: Inoue Kentaro , Yasuda Tomoharu , Baba Yoshihiro , Yamamoto Tadashi , Kurosaki Tomohiro , Shinohara Hisaaki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe CARMA1–Bcl10–MALT1 (CBM) signalosome is a crucial module of NF‐κB activation in B cell receptor (BCR) signaling. Biophysical studies have shown that the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6 cooperatively modifies the CBM signalosome; however, the specific details regarding how TRAF6 is involved in BCR signal‐induced CBM formation remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to reveal the influences of TRAF6 on CBM formation and TAK1 and IKK activities using DT40 B cells which lack all the exons of TRAF6. In TRAF6‐null cells we found: (i) attenuation of TAK1 activity and abolishment of IKK activity and (ii) sustained binding of CARMA1 to Bcl10. To account for the molecular mechanism causing these dynamics, we performed a mathematical model analysis. The mathematical model analysis showed that the regulation of IKK activation by TRAF6 can reproduce TAK1 and IKK activities in TRAF6 null cells, and that the TRAF6 related signal‐dependent inhibitor suppresses CARMA1 binding to Bcl10 in wild‐type cells. These results suggest that TRAF6 contributes to the positive regulation of IKK activation via TAK1, alongside the negative signal‐dependent regulation of CARMA1 binding to Bcl10.
Femme‐toring: Leveraging critical femininities and femme theory to cultivate alternative approaches to mentoring
Authors: Hoskin Rhea Ashley , Whiley Lilith A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBoth traditional and new‐wave mentoring (or men‐toring), intentionally or unintentionally, maintain and reproduce neoliberal toxic masculinist norms in academia. By applying femme theory and critical femininities frameworks, we expose how men‐toring is exclusionary and assimilationist. We then queer and feminize mentoring, developing femme‐toring as an alternative reformist approach rooted in fem(me)inist epistemologies and ethics of care, in particular, softness, vulnerability, collaboration, and yielding. Leveraging systems theory and Foucauldian theory, we contend that by centering femininity in these ways, femme‐toring unsettles toxic masculinist norms and offers possibilities for a more inclusive academia.
Acceptability of risk stratification within population‐based cancer screening from the perspective of the general public: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Taylor Lily C. , Hutchinson Alison , Law Katie , Shah Veeraj , Usher‐Smith Juliet A. , Dennison Rebecca A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionRisk‐stratified cancer screening has the potential to improve resource allocation and the balance of harms and benefits by targeting those most likely to benefit. Public acceptability has implications for engagement, uptake and the success of such a programme. Therefore, this review seeks to understand whether risk stratification of population‐based cancer screening programmes is acceptable to the general public and in what context.MethodsFour electronic databases were searched from January 2010 to November 2021. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed‐methods papers were eligible for inclusion. The Joanna Briggs Institute convergent integrated approach was used to synthesize the findings and the quality of included literature was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The Theoretical Framework of Acceptability was used as a coding frame for thematic analysis. PROSPERO record 2021 CRD42021286667.ResultsThe search returned 12,039 citations, 22 of which were eligible for inclusion. The majority of studies related to breast cancer screening; other cancer types included ovarian, kidney, colorectal and prostate cancer. Risk stratification was generally acceptable to the public, who considered it to be logical and of wider benefit than existing screening practices. We identified 10 priorities for implementation across four key areas: addressing public information needs; understanding communication preferences for risk estimates; mitigating barriers to accessibility to avoid exacerbating inequalities; and the role of healthcare professionals in relation to supporting reduced screening for low‐risk individuals.ConclusionThe public generally find risk stratification of population‐based cancer screening programmes to be acceptable; however, we have identified areas that would improve implementation and require further consideration.Patient or Public ContributionThis paper is a systematic review and did not formally involve patients or the public; however, three patient and public involvement members were consulted on the topic and scope before the review commenced.
Mitochondria‐associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane: Overview and inextricable link with cancer
Authors: Yang Xi , Zhuang Jing , Song Weilong , Shen Wangjie , Wu Wei , Shen Hong , Han Shuwen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe mitochondrial‐associated membrane (MAM) is a physical platform that facilitates communication between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. It is enriched with many proteins and enzymes and plays an important role in the regulation of several fundamental physiological processes, such as calcium (Ca2+) transfer, lipid synthesis, cellular autophagy and ER stress. Accumulating evidence suggests that oncogenes and suppressor genes are present at the ER‐mitochondrial contact site, and their alterations can affect Ca2+ flux, lipid homeostasis, and the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics, thereby influencing the fate of cancer cells. Understanding the fundamental role of MAM‐resident proteins in tumorigenesis could support the search for novel therapeutic targets in cancer. In this review, we summarize the basic structure of MAM and the core functions of MAM‐resident proteins in tumorigenesis. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which natural compounds promote cancer cell apoptosis from the perspective of ER stress.
Tumour suppressor PTEN activity is differentially inducible by myo‐inositol phosphates
Authors: Grzymajlo Krzysztof , El Hafny‐Rahbi Bouchra , Kieda Claudine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTumour evolution and efficacy of treatments are controlled by the microenvironment, the composition of which is primarily dependent on the angiogenic reaction to hypoxic stress. Tumour angiogenesis normalization is a challenge for adjuvant therapy strategies to chemo‐, radio‐ and immunotherapeutics. Myo‐inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) appears to provide the means to alleviate hypoxia in the tumour site by a double molecular mechanism. First, it modifies the properties of red blood cells (RBC) to release oxygen (O2) in the hypoxic sites more easily, leading to a rapid and stable increase in the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2). And second, it activates the endothelial phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on Chromosome 10 (PTEN). The hypothesis that stable normalization of the vascular system is due to the PTEN, a tumour suppressor and phosphatase which controls the proper angiogenic reaction was ascertained. Here, by direct biochemical measurements of PTEN competitive activity in relation to PIP2 production, we show that the kinetics are complex in terms of the activation/inhibition effects of ITPP with an inverted consequence towards the kinase PI3K. The use of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique allowed us to demonstrate that PTEN binds inositol derivatives differently but weakly. This method permitted us to reveal that PTEN is highly sensitive to the local concentration conditions, especially that ITPP increases the PTEN activity towards PIP3, and importantly, that PTEN affinity for ITPP is considerably increased by the presence of PIP3, as occurs in vivo. Our approach demonstrates the validity of using ITPP to activate PTEN for stable vessel normalization strategies.
Narrative review of ferroptosis in obesity
Authors: He Lian‐Ping , Zhou Zi‐Xuan , Li Cui‐Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObesity is widely recognized as a major global health problem caused by a chronic energy imbalance resulting from a combination of excess caloric intake and insufficient energy expenditure. Excessive energy intake and physical inactivity are traditional risk factors for obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including hypertension, diabetes and tumours. Recent studies have found a strong link between ferroptosis and obesity. Ferroptosis is an iron‐dependent regulated cell death caused by iron overload and reactive oxygen species‐dependent excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is involved in many biological processes, such as amino acid metabolism, iron metabolism and lipid metabolism. Some potential strategies to reduce the adverse effects of ferroptosis on obesity are suggested and future research priorities are highlighted.
Association between equol producers and type 2 diabetes mellitus among Japanese older adults
Authors: Hamaura Kiho , Murakami Hiroshi , Tamura Ayumi , Matsuki Kota , Sato Eri , Tanabe Jutaro , Yanagimachi Miyuki , Oishi Maika , Iino Kaori , Okuyama Shinya , Mikami Tatsuya , Ueno Tomomi , Uchiyama Shigeto , Yokoyama Yoshihito , Daimon Makoto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionEquol, which is produced by enteric bacteria from soybean isoflavones, has a chemical structure similar to estrogen. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown the beneficial metabolic effects of equol. However, its effects on type 2 diabetes remain unclear. We investigated the association between the equol producers/non‐producers and type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThe participants included 147 patients with type diabetes mellitus aged 70–89 years, and 147 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. To ascertain the equol producers or non‐producers, we used the comparative logarithm between the urinary equol and daidzein concentrations (cut‐off value −1.75).ResultsThe urinary equol concentration was significantly lower in the diabetes group compared with the non‐diabetes group (P = 0.01). A significant difference in the proportion of equol producers was observed among all participants (38.8% in the diabetes group and 53.1% in the non‐diabetes group; P = 0.01). The proportion of equol producers among women was significantly lower in the diabetes group (31.4%) than in the non‐diabetes group (52.8%; P < 0.01). Additionally, the frequency of dyslipidemia in female equol producers was significantly lower than that in female non‐equol producers (P < 0.01). Among men, no such differences were observed. We found a significant positive correlation between the urinary equol and daidzein concentrations among equol producers (r = 0.55, P < 0.01).ConclusionsOur study findings showed that postmenopausal women had a low proportion of equol producers with diabetes and dyslipidemia.
Signaling pathways that regulate adaptive β‐cell proliferation for the treatment of diabetes
Authors: Shirakawa Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe decline in β‐cell mass due to the failure of β‐cell compensation is one cause of the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanism by which an adaptive increase in β‐cell mass occurs in vivo will lead to the development of a cure for diabetes. Insulin and insulin receptor (IR)‐mediated signaling pathways play an important role in the mechanism that increases β‐cell mass by compensatory β‐cell proliferation in response to chronic insulin resistance. However, whether IR is required for compensatory β‐cell proliferation remains controversial in some situations. It might be possible that IR acts as a scaffold for the signaling complex independent of its ligand. It has also been reported that the forkhead box protein M1/polo‐like kinase 1/centromere protein A pathway plays a central role in adaptive β‐cell proliferation during diet‐induced obesity, hyperglycemia, pregnancy, aging and acute insulin resistance. We recently reported that the cross‐talk of islets with fat tissue, in addition to the liver, through humoral factors is involved in adaptive β‐cell proliferation. This accommodative response of β‐cell proliferation through adipocytes was observed particularly under an acute insulin resistance state in an IR/insulin signal‐independent and forkhead box protein M1/polo‐like kinase 1/centromere protein A pathway‐dependent manner. A remaining barrier for the treatment of human diabetes using β‐cells is the differences between human and rodent islets. In this review, the focus is on signaling pathways that regulate adaptive β‐cell proliferation for the treatment of diabetes considering the abovementioned issues.
Effect of a reused insulin needle remaining in a patient's body
Authors: Qiao Yong‐jie , Xin‐yuan Yu , Xu Rui‐ling , Song Xiao‐yang , Ye Shuo , Zhen Ping , Zhou Sheng‐hu , Zhang Hao‐qiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases at present, and insulin pen injection therapy plays an important role in the treatment of diabetes. However, the majority of patients might reuse disposable insulin pen needles for various reasons, which leads to related complications. As far as we know, this article is the first to describe a patient whose needle remained in the right upper limb while reusing a disposable insulin injection needle for subcutaneous insulin injection with the non‐dominant hand. The patient went to the doctor 1 week later. The needle moved from the lateral area of the proximal upper arm (the injection site) to the posterolateral area of the distal upper arm. The needle was then successfully removed by surgery. The reuse of disposable insulin pen needles might lead to serious complications. It is suggested to strengthen the education of people living with diabetes to help them use insulin pen needles safely.
Comparison of the minimally‐invasive roll‐in envelope flap technique to the holding suture technique in implant surgery: A prospective case series
Authors: Shakibaie Behnam , Sabri Hamoun , Blatz Marcus B. , Barootchi Shayan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjeciveThe peri‐implant soft tissue phenotype plays a role in the long‐term success of dental implants, thus, creating the need for the application of different techniques for the management of its adjacent soft tissues. The aim of this case series was to describe and evaluate the clinical outcomes of the microsurgical roll‐in‐envelope flap (RIE) approach, in comparison with a more commonly used method for manipulation of the peri‐implant soft tissues, namely the holding‐suture flap (HS) technique.Materials and Methods10 posterior dental implants in 10 healthy individuals were selected and randomly assigned treatment by each of the mentioned groups relative to the flap design. Mucosal thickness was measured at the time of the surgery and at 6 and 12 weeks, serving as the main outcome.ResultsThe healing was uneventful at all sites without any patient drop‐outs. The comparison of two groups revealed a three‐fold reduction in the mucosal thickness in HS group compared to RIE.ConclusionsIn presence of sufficient periimplant supporting tissues and when indicated, the RIE flap seems to yield superior outcomes reducing pain/discomfort compared to connective tissue grafts.
Dietary supplement and complementary and alternative medicine use among older adults in Australia and the United States
Authors: Fravel Michelle A. , Ernst Michael E. , Gilmartin‐Thomas Julia , Woods Robyn L. , Orchard Suzanne G. , Owen Alice J. ,   the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly Investigator Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDietary supplement and complementary and alternative medication (CAM) use can contribute to drug interactions, polypharmacy, nonadherence with prescription medications, and healthcare expenses, whereas evidence supporting benefits of using these products is sparse. There is a lack of current published literature describing the patterns or predictors of their use in community‐dwelling older adults.Materials and MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of community‐dwelling adults from Australia and the US, aged 70 years and older (65 years for US minorities), enrolled in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study. At study enrollment, eligible participants were required to be without concurrent 5‐year life‐limiting illness and free of documented evidence of cardiovascular disease, dementia, or significant physical disability. During the final study visit, a questionnaire was administered to collect information about supplement/CAM use. Data from 15,729 participants who completed this questionnaire between January 2017 and January 2018 were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to report the prevalence and types of products used. Factors associated with use were determined using multivariate regression.ResultsMean age of respondents was 79.6 years; 56.4% were female, 88.8% were from Australia, 56.5% reported 12 years of education or less, and 98.7% were living at home. Two‐thirds (66.2%) of participants reported use of one or more supplement/CAM in the previous month. Products most commonly used included vitamin D (33.8% of participants), fish oil (22.7%), calcium (20.6%), glucosamine (14.8%), and multivitamin (12.9%). Female sex, US residency, higher education, polypharmacy (prescription medications), and frailty (in women) were significantly associated with higher use of supplements/CAMs.ConclusionsDietary supplement and CAM use is common among community‐dwelling older adults in the United States and Australia. Given the high prevalence of use, collaboration between healthcare providers and older adult patients is important to insure safe and optimal use of these products.
The microstructure and thermal stability of the two‐phase amorphous melt‐spun alloys ejected from a double‐chamber crucible
Authors: Ziewiec Krzysztof , Jankowska‐Sumara Irena , Ziewiec Aneta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work presents the microstructure and properties of two‐phase amorphous melt‐spun alloys ejected from the crucible with partition between liquids. The microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and the phase composition was studied by X‐ray diffraction. The thermal stability of the alloys was determined using differential scanning calorimetry. The microstructure study proves that the composite alloys are heterogeneous because of the existence of the two amorphous phases obtained due to the use of a partition between the liquids. This microstructure correlates with complex thermal characteristics not found in homogeneous alloys of the same nominal composition. The layered structure of these composites influences the formation of fractures during tensile tests.