bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple territorialities and the shifting conservation frontiers of Patagonia
Authors: Rasmussen Mattias Borg , Mendoza Marcos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis conclusion to the In‐Focus issue examines the conservation frontier in Patagonia. The conservation frontier is a historical process of spatial transformation connected to the mobilization of imaginaries that unlock existing regimes of resource control and promote new territorialization projects. The discussion highlights the creation of national park systems, the securing of the contested border, and the conversion of Andean Patagonia into a space of sublime wilderness. We argue that the contemporary conservation frontier is an open field of contestation defined by its multiplicities. The articles comprising the special issue reflect crosscutting themes regarding frontier multiplicities: varied conservation‐based territorialization projects; the genesis of onto‐epistemic frictions between actors; and disparate frontier temporalities that anchor spatial transformations. These contemporary frontier projects draw attention to new avenues of change related to Indigenous self‐rule and carework, co‐management regimes, infrastructure building efforts, and eco‐apocalyptic temporalities, as well as hyping the possibility of Patagonia as a bastion for alternative energy. Thus, this conclusion highlights how conservation frontiers are historically made and remade in relation to spatial production tied to capitalist dynamics and state formation.
Examining engagement in a self‐in‐relationship observation exercise by couples coping with breast cancer: A qualitative analysis of text‐based feedback
Authors: Harb Sami I. , Fergus Karen D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractYoung women with breast cancer (BC) and their partners generally face greater psychosocial difficulties relative to older couples, justifying the need for targeted support for this group. Toward this end, we examined how couples facing BC responded to participating in a self‐in‐relationship observation exercise intended to improve the relationship. Participants (N = 60) were 30 women and 30 male partners who, over the course of a week, observed and textually described/reported their “turning‐towards‐and‐away‐behaviors” deemed to contribute to relationship closeness/distance. Text‐based feedback on the exercise was thematically analyzed. Findings suggest an online exercise promoting in vivo awareness of relationship interactions was feasible and acceptable to the majority of couples. Language accounts reflected acting with and through the shared “turning‐towards‐and‐away‐framework” with the intention of increasing closeness with one's partner. We discuss differences in exercise engagement and how participants reported changes in their attending, understanding, and acting in relationship, primarily for the better.
Heme oxygenase‐1: The roles of both good and evil in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Liu Rong , Yang Jiahua , Li Yinghui , Xie Junxia , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) is the only way for cells to decompose heme. It can cleave heme to produce carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron (Fe2+), and biliverdin (BV). BV is reduced to bilirubin (BR) by biliverdin reductase(BVR). In previous studies, HO‐1 was considered to have protective effects because of its anti‐inflammatory, anti‐apoptosis, and antiproliferation functions. However, emerging experimental studies have found that the metabolites derived from HO‐1 can cause increase iin intracellular oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, iron death, and autophagy. Because of its particularity, it is very meaningful to understand its exact mechanism. In this review, we summarized the protective and toxic effects of HO‐1, its potential mechanism, its role in neurodegenerative diseases and related drug research. This knowledge may be beneficial to the development of new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and is crucial to the development of new therapeutic strategies and biomarkers.image
A qualitative study exploring partner involvement in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus: The experiences of women and partners
Authors: Guo Min , Parsons Judith , Forbes Angus , Shi Wen‐Xin , Kong Min , Zhang Yin‐Ping , Forde Rita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThe aims of the study were to explore the experiences of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their partners and examine the factors influencing partner involvement in GDM management, seeking to inform a targeted couple‐based intervention.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 14 women with GDM and their partners. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling from a tertiary hospital in Xi'an, China. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes and 12 subthemes were identified. Theme I: Women's expectations of their partner's involvement in GDM management—practical support and emotional support. Theme II: Partner involvement in GDM management—constructive involvement, unhelpful involvement with good intentions and insufficient involvement. Theme III: Factors that influence partner involvement in GDM—knowledge of GDM, GDM risk perception, health consciousness, attitudes towards the treatment plan, couple communication regarding GDM management, family roles and appraisal of GDM management responsibility.ConclusionWomen desired practical and emotional support from partners. The types of partner involvement in GDM management varied. Some partners provided constructive support, while some partners' involvement was limited, non‐existent or actively unhelpful. By combining these results with the factors influencing partner involvement, our findings may help healthcare professionals develop strategies to involve partners in GDM care and enhance women's ability to manage GDM.Implications for the Profession and Patient CarePartner involvement in GDM care may help them understand and better attend to women's needs, thus improving their experience and potential outcomes. This study highlights novel factors that need to be considered in developing couple‐based interventions for this population.Reporting MethodThe reporting follows the COREQ checklist.Patient or Public ContributionSome patients were involved in data interpretation. There is no public contribution.
Growth performance, nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation and blood biochemistry in response to partially replacing cottonseed cake with sesame meal in a lamb feedlot diet
Authors: Abdullah Mahmoud A. M. , Gomaa Walaa M. S. , Hassan Rasha I. M. , Elaref Mohamed Y. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecently, it is necessary to formulate high‐quality, balanced and low‐cost rations for ruminants from nontraditional sources. The present study conducted to investigate the impact of partially replacing corticated cottonseed (CS) cake with sesame meal (SM) in a lamb feedlot diet on growth performance, nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation and blood biochemistry. Fifteen growing lambs with an initial body weight of 27.4 ± 1.2 kg (6–7 months old) were randomly assigned into three equal groups (n = 5). Lambs in control group (CS) fed a basal diet, while 8% and 16% SM were used to replace an equal portion of corticated CS cake in the second (8SM) and third (16SM) groups respectively. Results showed that most parameters of growth performance and nutrient digestibility were significantly improved (p < 0.05) with the partial replacement of SM (8SM and/or 16SM). Regarding ruminal parameters, ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acids concentration increased (p < 0.05), while ammonia level and total protozoa count decreased with the partial replacement of SM. Moreover, blood parameters showed variant responses to SM partial replacement. Total protein increased, and glucose decreased significantly with 16SM, while cholesterol showed a significant decreasing with both SM replacement levels. SM may substitute CS cake in lamb diet without detrimental effects on performance, digestibility and ruminal fermentation.
No impact of polymorphism in the phosphodiesterase 5A gene in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels on pimobendan‐induced inhibition of platelet aggregation response
Authors: Reimann Maria J. , Faisst Daniel N. , Knold Mads , Meurs Kathryn M. , Stern Joshua A. , Cremer Signe E. , Møller Jacob E. , Ljungvall Ingrid , Häggström Jens , Olsen Lisbeth H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundA variant in the canine phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5A gene (PDE5A:E90K) is associated with decreased concentrations of circulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and response to PDE5 inhibitor treatment. Pimobendan is a PDE inhibitor recommended for medical treatment of certain stages of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs.HypothesisPDE5A:E90K polymorphism attenuates the inhibitory effect of pimobendan on in vitro platelet aggregation and increases basal platelet aggregation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS). Selected clinical variables (MMVD severity, sex, age, hematocrit, platelet count in platelet‐rich plasma [PRP], and echocardiographic left ventricular fractional shortening [LV FS]) will not show an association with results.AnimalsFifty‐two privately owned CKCS with no or preclinical MMVD.MethodsUsing blood samples, we prospectively assessed PDE5A genotype using Sanger sequencing and adenosine diphosphate‐induced platelet aggregation response (area under the curve [AUC], maximal aggregation [MaxA], and velocity [Vel]) with and without pimobendan using light transmission aggregometry. Dogs also underwent echocardiography.ResultsPimobendan inhibited platelet function as measured by AUC, MaxA, and Vel at a concentration of 10 μM (P < .0001) and Vel at 0.03 μM (P < .001). PDE5A:E90K polymorphism did not influence the inhibitory effect of pimobendan or basal platelet aggregation response.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe PDE5A:E90K polymorphism did not influence in vitro basal platelet aggregation response or the inhibitory effect of pimobendan on platelet aggregation in CKCS. Dogs with the PDE5A:E90K polymorphism did not appear to have altered platelet function or response to pimobendan treatment.
Lack of improvement in anorectal manometry parameters after implementation of a pelvic floor/anal sphincter biofeedback in persons with motor‐incomplete spinal cord injury
Authors: Aloysius Mark M. , Korsten Mark A. , Radulovic Miroslav , Singh Kamaldeep , Lyons Brian L. , Cummings Tradd , Hobson Joshua , Kahal Sandeep , Spungen Ann M. , Bauman William A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEffect of biofeedback on improving anorectal manometric parameters in incomplete spinal cord injury is unknown. A short‐term biofeedback program investigated any effect on anorectal manometric parameters without correlation to bowel symptoms.MethodsThis prospective uncontrolled interventional study comprised three study subject groups, Group 1: sensory/motor‐complete American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A SCI (n = 13); Group 2 (biofeedback group): sensory incomplete AIS B SCI (n = 17) (n = 3), and motor‐incomplete AIS C SCI (n = 8), and AIS D SCI (n = 6); and Group 3: able‐bodied (AB) controls (n = 12). High‐resolution anorectal manometry (HR‐ARM) was applied to establish baseline characteristics in all subjects for anorectal pressure, volume, length of pressure zones, and duration of sphincter squeeze pressure. SCI participants with motor‐incomplete SCI were enrolled in pelvic floor/anal sphincter bowel biofeedback training (2 × 6‐week training periods comprised of two training sessions per week for 30–45 min per session). HR‐ARM was also performed after each of the 6‐week periods of biofeedback training.ResultsCompared to motor‐complete or motor‐incomplete SCI participants, AB subjects had higher mean intra‐rectal pressure, maximal sphincteric pressure, residual anal pressure, recto‐anal pressure gradient, and duration of squeeze (p < 0.05 for each of the endpoints). No significant difference was evident at baseline between the motor‐complete and motor‐incomplete SCI groups. In motor‐incomplete SCI subjects, the pelvic floor/anal sphincter biofeedback protocol failed to improve HR‐ARM parameters.ConclusionBiofeedback training program did not improve anal manometric parameters in subjects with motor‐incomplete or sensory‐incomplete SCI. Biofeedback did not change physiology, and its effects on symptoms are unknown.InferencesUtility of biofeedback is limited in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury in terms of improving HR‐ARM parameters.
Rooting depth and xylem vulnerability are independent woody plant traits jointly selected by aridity, seasonality, and water table depth
Authors: Laughlin Daniel C. , Siefert Andrew , Fleri Jesse R. , Tumber‐Dávila Shersingh Joseph , Hammond William M. , Sabatini Francesco Maria , Damasceno Gabriella , Aubin Isabelle , Field Richard , Hatim Mohamed Z. , Jansen Steven , Lenoir Jonathan , Lens Frederic , McCarthy James K. , Niinemets Ülo , Phillips Oliver L. , Attorre Fabio , Bergeron Yves , Bruun Hans Henrik , Byun Chaeho , Ćušterevska Renata , Dengler Jürgen , De Sanctis Michele , Dolezal Jiri , Jiménez‐Alfaro Borja , Hérault Bruno , Homeier Jürgen , Kattge Jens , Meir Patrick , Mencuccini Maurizio , Noroozi Jalil , Nowak Arkadiusz , Peñuelas Josep , Schmidt Marco , Škvorc Željko , Sultana Fahmida , Ugarte Rosina Magaña , Bruelheide Helge 
Published: September 2023

Summary

Evolutionary radiations of woody taxa within arid environments were made possible by multiple trait innovations including deep roots and embolism‐resistant xylem, but little is known about how these traits have coevolved across the phylogeny of woody plants or how they jointly influence the distribution of species.

We synthesized global trait and vegetation plot datasets to examine how rooting depth and xylem vulnerability across 188 woody plant species interact with aridity, precipitation seasonality, and water table depth to influence species occurrence probabilities across all biomes.

Xylem resistance to embolism and rooting depth are independent woody plant traits that do not exhibit an interspecific trade‐off. Resistant xylem and deep roots increase occurrence probabilities in arid, seasonal climates over deep water tables. Resistant xylem and shallow roots increase occurrence probabilities in arid, nonseasonal climates over deep water tables. Vulnerable xylem and deep roots increase occurrence probabilities in arid, nonseasonal climates over shallow water tables. Lastly, vulnerable xylem and shallow roots increase occurrence probabilities in humid climates.

Each combination of trait values optimizes occurrence probabilities in unique environmental conditions. Responses of deeply rooted vegetation may be buffered if evaporative demand changes faster than water table depth under climate change.
Germination of aged oat seeds associated with changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and storage compounds mobilization
Authors: Yi Kun , Yue Jiaming , Yang Shuangfeng , Jiang Yiwei , Hong Liu , Zeng Hanguo , Wei Kai , Mao Peisheng , Sun Yan , Dou Liru , Li Manli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGermination of aged seeds may be associated with specific metabolic changes. The objective of this study was to examine physiological and metabolic alterations before and after germination of control and aged oat (Avena sativa) seeds. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the level of storage compounds were measured in the embryo and endosperm at 0, 4, 16, and 32 h of imbibition for control seeds and 0, 4, 16, 32, and 60 h of imbibition for medium vigor seeds after artificially accelerated aging; metabolomic changes were determined in embryos at 16 and 32 h of seed imbibition. In aged oat seeds, superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity increased in the late imbibition stage. The content of soluble sugars decreased significantly in the later stages of imbibition, while the content of proteins increased in 32 h of seed imbibition eventually producing mannitol and proline. The mobilization of fat in deteriorated seeds was mainly through the sphingolipid metabolic pathway generated by cell growth‐promoting dihydrosphingosine‐1‐phosphate. Ascorbic acid, avenanthramide and proline levels increased significantly at 60 h of imbibition, playing an important role in the germination of aged oat seeds.
Fallopia japonica and Fallopia × bohemica extracts cause ultrastructural and biochemical changes in root tips of radish seedlings
Authors: Šoln Katarina , Žnidaršič Nada , Klemenčič Marina , Koce Jasna Dolenc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractJapanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) and Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia × bohemica) are invasive plants that use allelopathy as an additional mechanism for colonization of the new habitat. Allelochemicals affect the growth of roots of neighboring plants. In the present study, we analyze the early changes associated with the inhibited root growth of radish seedlings exposed to aqueous extracts of knotweed rhizomes for 3 days. Here, we show that cells in the root cap treated with the knotweed extracts exhibited reduced cell length and displayed several ultrastructural changes, including the increased abundance of dilated ER cisternae filled with electron‐dense material (ER bodies) and the accumulation of dense inclusions. Moreover, mitochondrial damage was exhibited in the root cap and the meristem zone compared to the non‐treated radish seedlings. Furthermore, malfunction of the intracellular redox balance system was detected as the increased total antioxidative capacity. We also detected increased metacaspase‐like proteolytic activities and, in the case of 10% extract of F. japonica, increased caspase‐like proteolytic activities. These ultrastructural and biochemical effects could be the reason for the more than 60% shorter root length of treated radish seedlings compared to controls.
Impact of respiratory aerosol size and number distribution on the relative importance of different routes in SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission
Authors: Ji Shuyi , Jones Rachael M. , Lei Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExploring the relative importance of different routes in SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission is crucial in infection prevention. However, even in the same environmental setting, the relative importance of different routes has varied in different studies. We hypothesize that respiratory aerosol size and number distribution might play a key role. In this study, size and number distribution of respiratory droplets emitted from breathing, talking, and coughing were identified from PubMed and Web of Science. The infection risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 via airborne, droplet, and fomite transmission routes was modeled in a household and a healthcare setting. The relative importance of three routes varied with different size distributions in both settings. Generally, the contribution of the airborne route increased with the volume percentage of respirable droplets emitted. And the increase of the total number of emitted droplets leads to an increase in the contribution of tdroplet route. In the healthcare setting, as the total number of emitted droplets increased from 110 to 4,973, the contribution of droplet route increased from 62.24% to 98.11%. Next, by considering the combination of breathing, coughing, and talking when the infected person was asymptomatic, the airborne route predominated over the droplet and contact routes. When the infected person had developed symptoms, that is, cough, the droplet route played a dominant role in SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission. In conclusion, risk analyses will be improved with improved sampling methods that enable characterization of viruses within respiratory droplets of different sizes.
Individual credit market experience and beliefs about bank lending policy: evidence from a firm survey
Authors: Fidrmuc Jarko , Hainz Christa , Hölzl Werner 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing the Austrian Business Survey between 2011 and 2016, we study how firms' individual credit market experiences influence their beliefs about the bank lending policy. Firms that have recently experienced a loan rejection are more likely to believe that the lending policy is restrictive. We see similar effects for firms that were granted loans, but with conditions worse than anticipated. Exploiting the panel structure shows that firms without recent credit market experience are less likely to change their beliefs, which converge towards the middle category. Our findings are in line with theories of rational inattention and with asymmetric experience effects.
Hot water immersion: Maintaining core body temperature above 38.5°C mitigates muscle fatigue
Authors: Sautillet Benoît , Bourdillon Nicolas , Millet Grégoire P. , Lemaître Fréderic , Cozette Maryne , Delanaud Stéphane , Ahmaïdi Saïd , Costalat Guillaume 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeHot water immersion (HWI) has gained popularity to promote muscle recovery, despite limited data on the optimal heat dose. The purpose of this study was to compare the responses of two exogenous heat strains on core body temperature, hemodynamic adjustments, and key functional markers of muscle recovery following exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD).MethodsTwenty‐eight physically active males completed an individually tailored EIMD protocol immediately followed by one of the following recovery interventions: HWI (40°C, HWI40), HWI (41°C, HWI41) or warm water immersion (36°C, CON36). Gastrointestinal temperature (Tgi), hemodynamic adjustments (cardiac output [CO], mean arterial pressure [MAP], and systemic vascular resistance [SVR]), pre‐frontal cortex deoxyhemoglobin (HHb), ECG‐derived respiratory frequency, and subjective perceptual measures were tracked throughout immersion. In addition, functional markers of muscle fatigue (maximal concentric peak torque [Tpeak]) and muscle damage (late‐phase rate of force development [RFD100–200]) were measured prior to EIMD (pre‐), 24 h (post‐24 h), and 48 h (post‐48 h) post‐EIMD.ResultsBy the end of immersion, HWI41 led to significantly higher Tgi values than HWI40 (38.8 ± 0.1 vs. 38.0°C ± 0.6°C, p < 0.001). While MAP was well maintained throughout immersion, only HWI41 led to increased (HHb) (+4.2 ± 1.47 μM; p = 0.005) and respiratory frequency (+4.0 ± 1.21 breath.min−1; p = 0.032). Only HWI41 mitigated the decline in RFD100–200 at post‐24 h (−7.1 ± 31.8%; p = 0.63) and Tpeak at post‐48 h (−3.1 ± 4.3%, p = 1).ConclusionIn physically active males, maintaining a core body temperature of ~25 min within the range of 38.5°C–39°C has been found to be effective in improving muscle recovery, while minimizing the risk of excessive physiological heat strain.
(Re)centring the geopolitical: A response to Henry Yeung's intervention on ‘troubling economic geography’
Authors: Potts Shaina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn his thought‐provoking commentary on the future of economic geography, Henry Yeung considers recent global economic transformations and their implications for ‘troubling’ the discipline of economic geography. He identifies four particular areas for further attention: (1) (geo)political dynamics; (2) new risks and uncertainties; (3) new geographies of labour; and (4) global environmental change. In this brief response, I focus on the first and fourth, which I see as closely connected. Specifically, I use Yeung's call as a launching point from which to elaborate on three potentially fruitful avenues for recentring geopolitics in economic geography, by: (1) focusing on not only new but also previous and ongoing geopolitical economic dynamics; (2) incorporating not only national and supra‐national, but also transnational economic governance; and (3) foregrounding the intersection of geopolitics and environmental change. I conclude by considering why and how an economic geographic approach remains important to pursuing all three research directions, even as the current conjuncture demands that economic geography open itself further to new methods, topics and inter‐ and intra‐disciplinary research collaborations.