bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Facets of Suffering, Meaningful Moments, and Meaning Fulfilment: A Qualitative Approach to Positive Existential Issues in Trauma-Exposed University Students
Authors: Arredondo Arantxa Y. , Caparrós Beatriz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe possible positive consequences of trauma and its relationship to existential aspects are receiving increasing attention. However, little is known about how young individuals perceive the changed status of these profound aspects of their lives. This study aimed to explore and identify the themes of the possible positive aspects of trauma-related suffering, the most meaningful moments, and the perception of meaning realization in young individuals. A total of 139 trauma-exposed Mexican university students responded to a survey consisting of open-ended questions survey. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. The main benefits of suffering were a better attitude towards life, more maturity and strength, new capabilities, and a reorganization of values, purposes, and beliefs. In reference to significant moments, the themes of the importance of bonds with significant people, spiritual moments, and personal achievements emerged. Both meaning realization and existential frustration were observed. Meaning was mainly oriented towards career goals, other people, personal growth, and financial goals. Findings suggested several patterns of existential concerns for Mexican university students. Both personal and interpersonal levels were cited as pivotal aspects for the transformation of young people after trauma. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
DPC-MSGATNet: dual-path chain multi-scale gated axial-transformer network for four-chamber view segmentation in fetal echocardiography
Authors: Qiao Sibo , Pang Shanchen , Luo Gang , Sun Yi , Yin Wenjing , Pan Silin , Lv Zhihan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEchocardiography is essential in evaluating fetal cardiac anatomical structures and functions when clinicians conduct early treatment and screening for congenital heart defects, a common and intricate fetal malformation. Nevertheless, the prenatal detection rate of fetal CHD remains low since the peculiarities of fetal cardiac structures and the variousness of fetal CHD. Precisely segmenting four cardiac chambers can assist clinicians in analyzing cardiac morphology and further facilitate CHD diagnosis. Hence, we design a dual-path chain multi-scale gated axial-transformer network (DPC-MSGATNet) that simultaneously models global dependencies and local visual cues for fetal ultrasound (US) four-chamber (FC) views and further accurately segments four chambers. Our DPC-MSGATNet includes a global and a local branch that simultaneously operates on an entire FC view and image patches to learn multi-scale representations. We design a plug-and-play module, Interactive dual-path chain gated axial-transformer (IDPCGAT), to enhance the interactions between global and local branches. In IDPCGAT, the multi-scale representations from the two branches can complement each other, capturing the same region’s salient features and suppressing feature responses to maintain only the activations associated with specific targets. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the DPC-MSGATNet exceeds seven state-of-the-art convolution- and transformer-based methods by a large margin in terms of F1 and IoU scores on our fetal FC view dataset, achieving a F1 score of 96.87$$\%$$
%
and an IoU score of 93.99$$\%$$
%
. The codes and datasets can be available at https://github.comQiaoSiBo/DPC-MSGATNet.
3D Artificial Array Interface Engineering Enabling Dendrite-Free Stable Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Ruan Jianbin , Ma Dingtao , Ouyang Kefeng , Shen Sicheng , Yang Ming , Wang Yanyi , Zhao Jinlai , Mi Hongwei , Zhang Peixin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ripple effect induced by uncontrollable Zn deposition is considered as the Achilles heel for developing high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries. For this problem, this work reports a design concept of 3D artificial array interface engineering to achieve volume stress elimination, preferred orientation growth and dendrite-free stable Zn metal anode. The mechanism of MXene array interface on modulating the growth kinetics and deposition behavior of Zn atoms were firstly disclosed on the multi-scale level, including the in-situ optical microscopy and transient simulation at the mesoscopic scale, in-situ Raman spectroscopy and in-situ X-ray diffraction at the microscopic scale, as well as density functional theory calculation at the atomic scale. As indicated by the electrochemical performance tests, such engineered electrode exhibits the comprehensive enhancements not only in the resistance of corrosion and hydrogen evolution, but also the rate capability and cyclic stability. High-rate performance (20 mA cm−2) and durable cycle lifespan (1350 h at 0.5 mA cm−2, 1500 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 800 h at 5 mA cm−2) can be realized. Moreover, the improvement of rate capability (214.1 mAh g−1 obtained at 10 A g−1) and cyclic stability also can be demonstrated in the case of 3D MXene array@Zn/VO2 battery. Beyond the previous 2D closed interface engineering, this research offers a unique 3D open array interface engineering to stabilize Zn metal anode, the controllable Zn deposition mechanism revealed is also expected to deepen the fundamental of rechargeable batteries including but not limited to aqueous Zn metal batteries.
„Wenn möglich bitte wenden“? Die deutsche Außenpolitik und die Navigation der Zeitenwende
Authors: Fröhlich Manuel 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie russische Aggression in der Ukraine hat Grundkoordinaten der deutschen Außenpolitik in Frage gestellt. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert zunächst die mit dem Begriff der Zeitenwende angekündigte Reaktion der Bundesregierung. Weitere Orientierungspunkte zur Navigation in neuartigem Terrain lassen sich aus der Diskussion unterschiedlicher Theorien der Internationalen Beziehungen und Topoi der deutschen Außenpolitik gewinnen. Die skizzenhafte Kontextualisierung von etablierten Bezugspunkten und die Vermeidung scheinbarer Dichotomien führt zu einem differenzierten Bild, das sowohl Elemente der Kontinuität als auch der notwendigen Kursänderung enthält.
Palygorskite Supporting Homogeneously Dispersed Ag Nanoparticles: Molten Salt Method and Enhanced Antibacterial Performance
Authors: He Qiuzhi , Chen Qingze , Zhu Runliang , Du Jing , He Shiya , Lv Guocheng , Gu Cheng , Wang Aiqin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSupported silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been used extensively as antibacterial agents in biomedicine, biotechnology, and environmental remediation. However, a facile and scalable method for preparing Ag NPs dispersed homogeneously on supports remains a challenge. In this study, a novel molten salt method was developed successfully to synthesize the supported, homogeneously dispersed Ag NPs on palygorskite. Abundant pores and ample surface hydroxyl groups of palygorskite served as anchoring sites, preventing the rapid growth, aggregation, and sintering of Ag NPs. Typically, palygorskite was mixed with AgNO3 (as a precursor) and NaNO3 (as a dispersant), and then the mixture was heated slowly. During the heating process, the AgNO3 decomposed gradually into Ag NPs and the molten NaNO3 with a high concentration of ions dispersed the newly formed Ag NPs. The Ag NPs were dispersed homogeneously on the palygorskite and had very small particle sizes (~5.8 nm) even for a significant loading amount (~9 wt.%). As antibacterial agents, the Ag/palygorskite nanocomposites showed enhanced antibacterial activity, compared with those synthesized without the introduction of molten NaNO3. In addition, the key effect of the surface hydroxyl groups of palygorskite on the characteristics of the loaded Ag and the corresponding antibacterial activity were also elucidated. As such, the present work provided a novel and facile strategy for the synthesis, without a chemical reductant or surfactant, of supported, highly dispersed Ag NPs on clay minerals and this could have potential in the scalable production and practical application of Ag-based antibacterial materials.
On species concepts, species delimitation criteria, taxonomy committees, and biases: a response to Lima (2022a)
Authors: Aleixo Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn a recent commentary, Lima (Ornithol Res 30:225–228, 2022a) claims that the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee (CBRO) bases its species ranking decisions on a misinterpretation of the general lineage species concept (GLSC), with two major detrimental consequences: (1) misinform the Brazilian ornithological community about the nature of interspecific limits and (2) mislead the users of the CBRO checklist “…about the nature of the taxa it contains.” Here, I review the arguments behind Lima’s (Ornithol Res 30:225–228, 2022a) claims and demonstrate that they are unfounded and stem from an inaccurate interpretation of the GLSC coupled with a lack of understanding the differences between the inherent theoretical nature of species concepts and their actual implementation in real-life situations by taxonomists in general and taxonomy committees in particular. Accordingly, I provide several examples of recent taxonomic treatments implemented by the CBRO, confirming the GLSC as the species concept guiding species ranking decisions in the committee. If not addressed properly, unsubstantiated commentaries such as that put forward by Lima (Ornithol Res 30:225–228, 2022a) — which cast serious doubts on the standards upon which the checklists of the CBRO are produced — may have the unintended effect of amplifying the current representation bias against Latin American ornithologists in global initiatives such as the publication of a single worldwide avian checklist.
Parametric model identification of delta wing UAVs using filter error method augmented with particle swarm optimisation
Authors: Samuel J J. P. , Kumar N. , Saderla S. , Kim Y. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFrom arsenal delivery to rescue missions, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are playing a crucial role in various fields, which brings the need for continuous evolution of system identification techniques to develop sophisticated mathematical models for effective flight control. In this paper, a novel parameter estimation technique based on filter error method (FEM) augmented with particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is developed and implemented to estimate the longitudinal and lateral-directional aerodynamic, stability and control derivatives of fixed-wing UAVs. The FEM used in the estimation technique is based on the steady-state extended Kalman filter, where the maximum likelihood cost function is minimised separately using a randomised solution search algorithm, PSO and the proposed method is termed FEM-PSO. A sufficient number of compatible flight data sets were generated using two cropped delta wing UAVs, namely CDFP and CDRW, which are used to analyse the applicability of the proposed estimation method. A comparison has been made between the parameter estimates obtained using the proposed method and the computationally intensive conventional FEM. It is observed that most of the FEM-PSO estimates are consistent with wind tunnel and conventional FEM estimates. It is also noticed that estimates of crucial aerodynamic derivatives ${C_{{L_\alpha }}},\;{C_{{m_\alpha }}},\;{C_{{Y_\beta }}},\;{C_{{l_\beta }}}$ and ${C_{{n_\beta }}}$ obtained using FEM-PSO are having relative offsets of 2.5%, 1.5%, 6.5%, 3.4% and 7.6% w.r.t. wind tunnel values for CDFP, and 1.4%, 1.9%, 0.1%, 9.6% and 7.5% w.r.t. wind tunnel values for CDRW. Despite having slightly higher Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds of estimated aerodynamic derivatives using the FEM-PSO method, the simulated responses have a relative error of less than 0.10% w.r.t. measured flight data. A proof-of-match exercise is also conducted to ascertain the efficacy of the estimates obtained using the proposed method. The degree of effectiveness of the FEM-PSO method is comparable with conventional FEM.
A systematic review of real-world healthcare resource use and costs of Clostridioides difficile infections
Authors: Malone Daniel C. , Armstrong Edward P. , Gratie Dan , Pham Sissi V. , Amin Alpesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To conduct a systematic review of published real-world evidence describing the cost and healthcare resource use for Clostridiodes difficile infection (CDI) in the United States.

Methods:
A systematic literature review was conducted searching for terms for CDI and healthcare costs. Titles of articles and abstracts were reviewed to identify those that met study criteria. Studies were evaluated to examine overall design and comparison groups in terms of healthcare resource use and cost for CDI.

Results:
In total, 28 articles met the inclusion criteria. Moreover, 20 studies evaluated primary CDI or did not specify, and 8 studies1–8 evaluated both primary CDI and recurrent (rCDI). Data from Medicare were used in 6 studies. Nearly all studies used a comparison group, either controls without CDI (N = 20) or comparison between primary CDI and rCDI (N = 7). Two studies examined costs of rCDI by the number of recurrences. Overall, the burden of CDI is significant, with higher aggregate costs for patients with rCDI. Compared with non-CDI controls, hospital length of stay increased in patients with both primary and rCDI compared to patients without CDI. Patients with primary CDI cost healthcare systems $24,000 more than patients without CDI. Additionally, 2 studies that evaluated the impact of recurrence among those patients with an index case of CDI demonstrated significantly higher direct all-cause medical costs among those with rCDI compared to those without.

Conclusion:
CDI, and particularly rCDI, is a costly condition with hospitalizations being the main cost driver.
Religious Liberty and Human Rights: Their Origin, Their Development in the Anglo-American Legal Tradition, and Why They Are Still Needed - Discussed: The Blessings of Liberty: Human Rights and Religious Freedom in the Western Legal Tradition. By John WitteJr . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. 316. $110.00 (cloth); $29.99 (paper); $24.00 (digital). ISBN: 9781108429207.
Authors: Leigh Ian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractJohn Witte, Jr.’s book The Blessings of Liberty contains an important message about the origins and continuing relevance of religious liberty. Based on careful historical analysis of the development of religious liberty in England and the US, Witte demonstrates the importance of Protestant thinking both to the right and to human rights more generally. In the process he refutes both Christian and post-Enlightenment sceptics. His discussion of contemporary US and European law shows how much the right is still needed today, despite the claims of contemporary scholars that freedom of religion and belief is a redundant right.
ON AN AVERAGE GOLDBACH REPRESENTATION FORMULA OF FUJII
Authors: GOLDSTON DANIEL A. , SURIAJAYA ADE IRMA 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFujii obtained a formula for the average number of Goldbach representations with lower-order terms expressed as a sum over the zeros of the Riemann zeta function and a smaller error term. This assumed the Riemann Hypothesis. We obtain an unconditional version of this result and obtain applications conditional on various conjectures on zeros of the Riemann zeta function.
Morphological description and molecular characterization of Ancyracanthus electrophori n. sp. (Gnathostomatoidea: Gnathostomatidae): a new nematode parasitic in the electric eel Electrophorus varii (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae), from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Virgilio L.R. , Nogueira A. , Takemoto R.M. , Passere M.D. , de Oliveira A.V. , Meneguetti D.U.O. , Camargo M.A. , Pereira F.B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A new species of Ancyracanthus, parasite of the electric eel Electrophorus varii, in the Brazilian Amazon, is described based on morphological and molecular characterization. Ancyracanthus electrophori n. sp. differs from the two congeners namely, Ancyracanthus pinnatifidus and Ancyracanthus schubarti, based on the structure of cephalic appendages, number and arrangement of caudal papillae in males, vulva very close to anus in females, eggs with smoothly mamillated shell, host taxon and geographical origin. Moreover, the new species is the first in the genus to be described with thorny cuticular rings and to be observed with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology of A. pinnatifidus and A. schubarti is still poorly-known and should be revised in details; however, the separation between them and the new species was clear. Genetic characterization based on 28S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) mtDNA partial sequences, performed for the first time in Acyracanthus, along with phylogenetic reconstructions using both genetic markers, placed Ancyracanthus electrophori n. sp. in a suggestive basal position within Gnathostomatidae. Phylogenetic reconstructions using cox1 sequences also suggested lack of monophyly in the genera Gnathostoma and Spiroxys and, consequently, in the subfamilies Gnathostominae and Spiroxyinae. However, such results are preliminary. With the first genetic characterization and observations using SEM in Ancyracanthus, resulting in the discovery of a new species and in the expansion of the geographical occurrence of the genus to Amazonian fish, an important step towards a better understanding of these nematodes has been taken.
Cyanosis in atrial septal defect with prominent crista terminalis
Authors: Takafuji Hiroya , Amano Hidewo , Obunai Kotaro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRight-to-left shunt in atrial septal defect without pulmonary hypertension is a rare condition and can present with complications such as cyanosis. This is a rare case of cyanosis caused by right-to-left shunt atrial septal defect related to prominent crista terminalis
Left atrial appendage aneurysm in newborns: a report of two cases
Authors: Atasayan Vildan , Sarı Yunus Emre , Öner Taliha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLeft atrial appendage aneurysm is an extremely rare cardiac anomaly with serious complications. It is rarely diagnosed in childhood. Herein, we reported two newborns diagnosed with left atrial appendage aneurysm.
SEMIRING AND INVOLUTION IDENTITIES OF POWER GROUPS
Authors: GUSEV SERGEY V. , VOLKOV MIKHAIL V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor every groupG, the set$\mathcal {P}(G)$of its subsets forms a semiring under set-theoretical union$\cup $and element-wise multiplication$\cdot $, and forms an involution semigroup under$\cdot $and element-wise inversion${}^{-1}$. We show that if the groupGis finite, non-Dedekind, and solvable, neither the semiring$(\mathcal {P}(G),\cup ,\cdot )$nor the involution semigroup$(\mathcal {P}(G),\cdot ,{}^{-1})$admits a finite identity basis. We also solve the finite basis problem for the semiring of Hall relations over any finite set.
A Meta‐Analysis of Studies Attributing Significance to Solar Irradiance
Authors: Vachula Richard S. , Cheung Anson H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe relationship between solar irradiance and climate is greatly debated. This inferred relationship is often characterized via the statistical analysis of paleoclimate data. REDFIT is a commonly used statistical tool that overcomes uneven sampling to identify significant periodicities of variability in proxy data. We critically examine the use of REDFIT to identify solar signals in these data. By conducting a literature review, we show the REDFIT significance thresholds used by researchers to analyze paleoclimate data vary considerably. As there is some subjectivity and practicality involved in any statistical analysis, some variability is to be expected. However, we observe that the bulk of the significance thresholds used in the literature are less stringent than the critical false‐alarm level outlined by REDFIT's creators. We reexamine periodicities deemed “significant” in a published data set to show that using this more stringent, more objective critical false‐alarm threshold likely eliminates the previously inferred significance of solar signals in proxy data. Likewise, we address a lack of consideration of age model uncertainty on REDFIT's reliability in identifying solar periodicities. Overall, we show that the relationship between solar irradiance and climate, as identified by REDFIT analyses, may not be as robust as previous work might suggest.
Equity, Diversity, and Community as the Basis for Critical Zone Science and Education
Authors: Perdrial J. N. , Kincaid D. W. , Wheaton D. , Seybold E. C. , Stewart B. , Walls L. , Blouin M. , Toolin R. , Chorover J. , Lewis C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResponding to the social and environmental challenges of the Anthropocene requires that we integrate science across multiple perspectives, approaches, and disciplines in equitable and culturally responsive ways. While critical zone (CZ) science has made large strides in bridging natural, social, and education science disciplines, the field has been slower to address the lack of diversity, especially in terms of “race” and ethnicity. This means that CZ science and education do not fully reflect all communities they must serve, and representation and access to careers in the field therefore remain limited to mostly white individuals. Despite best intentions, predominantly white science and education teams frequently consider values such as diversity, equity, or inclusion in later stages of work instead of centering these values as the foundation from the outset. Here, we reflect on how our CZ Collaborative Network Project has both struggled with, and is learning to, authentically center and uphold our values in our own work. Our goal is to normalize the concept that culturally responsive CZ science and education requires intentional trust and relationship building, flexibility, and continued learning. To support our evolving work, we have relied on team science practices, and we offer insights into the strategies and tools that help us with our aspiration to center and integrate our values of diversity, equity, and community into team processes.
Assimilation of GNSS Zenith Total Delay in NAVGEM
Authors: Christophersen Hui , Ruston Benjamin , Baker Nancy L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA new data source from ground‐based stations that track global navigation satellite system (GNSS) transmitters has been implemented in the Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM) with the NRL Atmospheric Variational Data Assimilation System‐Accelerated Representer. The observable is the ground‐based zenith total delay (ZTD) at each ground station. This ground‐based GNSS ZTD represents the tropospheric delay of the propagation of GNSS radio L‐band signal between the transmitters and the ground stations after correcting for ionospheric effects. Here, we present the implementation procedure, quality control, single observation test, bias correction scheme, and data impact assessment. One of the critical elements in the quality control scheme is to correct for the difference between the observing ground station elevation and the numerical model terrain. A single observation test shows comparable impact from this new data source to a single radiosonde observation at a single level. The ZTD biases estimated from a 6‐month experiment run are generally small, but have a dependency on the processing center and are computed separately for each station. The forecast sensitivity to observation impact diagnosis from a 3‐month experiment demonstrates that a single ZTD observation shows similar impact as the average impact from a single tangent point of a GNSS Radio Occultation profile. The assimilation of ZTD observations also significantly improves the forecast skill by 0.25%–0.75% for wind, temperature, and precipitable water and by 1%–2% for geopotential height in the Southern Hemisphere beyond 3 days.