bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metallicity gradient of barred galaxies with TYPHOON
Authors: Chen(陈千惠) Qian-Hui , Grasha Kathryn , Battisti Andrew J , Kewley Lisa J , Madore Barry F , Seibert Mark , Rich Jeff A , Beaton Rachael L 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Bars play an important role in mixing material in the inner regions of galaxies and stimulating radial migration. Previous observations have found evidence for the impact of a bar on metallicity gradients but the effect is still inconclusive. We use the TYPHOON/PrISM survey to investigate the metallicity gradients along and beyond the bar region across the entire star-forming disc of five nearby galaxies. Using emission line diagrams to identify star-forming spaxels, we recover the global metallicity gradients ranging from −0.0162 to −0.073 dex kpc−1 with evidence that the galactic bars act as an agent in affecting in situ star formation as well as the motions of gas and stars. We observe cases with a ‘shallow-steep’ metallicity radial profile, with evidence of the bar flattening the metallicity gradients inside the bar region (NGC 5068 and NGC 1566) and also note instances where the bar appears to drive a steeper metallicity gradient producing ‘steep-shallow’ metallicity profiles (NGC 1365 and NGC 1744). For NGC 2835, a ‘steep-shallow’ metallicity gradient break occurs at a distance ∼4 times the bar radius, which is more likely driven by gas accretion to the outskirt of the galaxy instead of the bar. The variation of metallicity gradients around the bar region traces the fluctuations of star formation rate surface density in NGC 1365, NGC 1566, and NGC 1744. A larger sample combined with hydrodynamical simulations is required to further explore the diversity, and the relative importance of different ISM mixing mechanisms on the gas-phase metallicity gradients in local galaxies.
Detection of Einstein telescope gravitational wave signals from binary black holes using deep learning
Authors: Alhassan Wathela , Bulik T , Suchenek M 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
The expected volume of data from the third-generation gravitational waves (GWs) Einstein Telescope (ET) detector would make traditional GWs search methods such as match filtering impractical. This is due to the large template bank required and the difficulties in waveforms modelling. In contrast, machine learning (ML) algorithms have shown a promising alternative for GWs data analysis, where ML can be used in developing semi-automatic and automatic tools for the detection and parameter estimation of GWs sources. Compared to second generation detectors, ET will have a wider accessible frequency band but also a lower noise. The ET will have a detection rate for Binary Black Holes (BBHs) and Binary Neutron Stars (BNSs) of the order of 105–106 and 7 × 104 yr−1, respectively. We explored the efficiency of using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the detection of BBHs’ mergers in synthetic noisy data that was generated according to ET’s parameters. Without performing data whitening or applying bandpass filtering, we trained four CNN networks with the state-of-the-art performance in computer vision, namely VGG, ResNet, and DenseNet. ResNet has significantly better performance, and was able to detect BBHs sources with SNR of 8 or higher with 98.5 per cent accuracy, and with 92.5 per cent, 85 per cent, 60 per cent, and 62 per cent accuracy for sources with SNR range of 7–8, 6–7, 5–6, and 4–5, respectively. ResNet, in qualitative evaluation, was able to detect a BBH’s merger at 60 Gpc with 4.3 SNR. It was also shown that CNN can be used efficiently for near-real time detection of BBHs.
Cystic fibrosis rabbits develop spontaneous hepatobiliary lesions and CF-associated liver disease (CFLD)-like phenotypes
Authors: Wu Qingtian , Liang Xiubin , Hou Xia , Song Zhenfeng , Bouhamdan Mohamad , Qiu Yining , Koike Yui , Rajagopalan Carthic , Wei Hong-Guang , Jiang Hong , Hish Gerry , Zhang Jifeng , Chen Y Eugene , Jin Jian-Ping , Xu Jie , Zhang Kezhong , Sun Fei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease affecting multiple organs. Approximately 30% CF patients develop CF-related liver disease (CFLD), which is the third most common cause of morbidity and mortality of CF. CFLD is progressive, and many of the severe forms eventually need liver transplantation. The mechanistic studies and therapeutic interventions to CFLD are unfortunately very limited. Utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we recently generated CF rabbits by introducing mutations to the rabbit CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Here we report the liver phenotypes and mechanistic insights into the liver pathogenesis in these animals. CF rabbits develop spontaneous hepatobiliary lesions and abnormal biliary secretion accompanied with altered bile acid profiles. They exhibit nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-like phenotypes, characterized by hepatic inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis, as well as altered lipid profiles and diminished glycogen storage. Mechanistically, our data reveal that multiple stress-induced metabolic regulators involved in hepatic lipid homeostasis were up-regulated in the livers of CF-rabbits, and that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response mediated through IRE1α-XBP1 axis as well as NF-κB- and JNK-mediated inflammatory responses prevail in CF rabbit livers. These findings show that CF rabbits manifest many CFLD-like phenotypes and suggest targeting hepatic ER stress and inflammatory pathways for potential CFLD treatment.
Three-dimensional coordination of cell-division site positioning in a filamentous cyanobacterium
Authors: Liu Jing , Xing Wei-Yue , Liu Bowen , Zhang Cheng-Cai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bacterial cells mostly divide symmetrically. In the filamentous, multicellular cyanobacterium Anabaena, cell-division planes are aligned vertically relative to the long axis of every single cell. This observation suggests that both the placement and the angle of the division planes are controlled in every single cell so that the filament can grow in one single dimension along the long axis. In this study, we showed that inactivation of patU3 encoding a cell-division inhibitor led cells to divide asymmetrically in two dimensions leading to twisted filaments, indicating that PatU3 controls not only the position but also the angle of the division planes. Deletion of the conserved minC and minD genes affected cell division symmetry, but not the angle of the division planes. Remarkably, when both patU3 and minCD were inactivated, cells could divide asymmetrically over 360° angles in three dimensions across different cellular sections, producing not only cells with irregular sizes, but also branching filaments. This study demonstrated the existence of a system operating in a three-dimensional manner for the control of cell division in Anabaena. Such a regulation may have been evolved to accommodate multicellular behaviors, a hallmark in evolution.
The EU as a Global Gender Actor: Tracing Intersectionality in the European Gender Action Plans for External Relations 2010–2025
Authors: Maes Eva Luna , Debusscher Petra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the European Union has been paying more attention to social categories other than gender in its external policies. The authors’ aim is twofold. First, we trace how the concept of intersectionality has evolved in EU external gender policy since 2010. Second, we analyze to what extent the framing of intersectionality is able to harness intersectionality’s transformative potential. Using a tailored critical frame analysis of EU Gender Action Plans I–III, the study finds a growing and more profound engagement with the concept since 2020, due to the amenability of the policy field and a changed opportunity structure resulting from the 2019 appointment of a new Commission which put (gender) equality back on the agenda. While not yet transformative in the strict sense, the policy shift is an important leverage for equality advocates as it sets out a progressive course for the European Union as a global gender actor.
Mandatory lane-changing decision making and planning in emergency situations
Authors: Liu Yang , Shi Congling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
By considering mandatory lane-changing as a collision avoidance measure, this paper presented the corresponding lane-change decision making and trajectory planning algorithm under an emergency scenario. Different from the traditional algorithm in which lane-change decision making and trajectory planning are separated, they are here coupled in a proposed algorithm and the related parameters are dynamically adjusted in the whole process. In addition to lane-change collision avoidance feasibility analysis, lane-change time instance and duration time are obtained by solving the constrained convex quadratic optimization programme. By taking lane-change time instance and duration time as inputs, the algorithm then proceeded to propose a kinematic model-based high-order polynomial lane change trajectory. By giving the simulation result compassion with the related algorithm, it is proved that the proposed algorithm has a good robustness and high efficiency.
Outpatient treatment of Covid-19 with metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine and the development of Long Covid over 10-month follow-up
Authors: Bramante Carolyn T. , Buse John B. , Liebovitz David , Nicklas Jacinda , Puskarich Michael A. , Cohen Ken , Belani Hrishikesh , Anderson Blake , Huling Jared D. , Tignanelli Christopher , Thompson Jennifer , Pullen Matthew , Siegel Lianne , Proper Jennifer , Odde David J. , Klatt Nichole , Sherwood Nancy , Lindberg Sarah , Wirtz Esteban Lemus , Karger Amy , Beckman Kenny , Erickson Spencer , Fenno Sarah , Hartman Katrina , Rose Michael , Patel Barkha , Griffiths Gwendolyn , Bhat Neeta , Murray Thomas A. , Boulware David R. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundLong Covid is an emerging chronic illness potentially affecting millions, sometimes preventing the ability to work or participate in normal daily activities. COVID-OUT was an investigator-initiated, multi-site, phase 3, randomized, quadruple-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT04510194). The design simultaneously assessed three oral medications (metformin, ivermectin, fluvoxamine) using two by three parallel treatment factorial assignment to efficiently share placebo controls and assessed Long Covid outcomes for 10 months to understand whether early outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2 with metformin, ivermectin, or fluvoxamine prevents Long Covid.MethodsThis was a decentralized, remotely delivered trial in the US of 1,125 adults age 30 to 85 with overweight or obesity, fewer than 7 days of symptoms, and enrolled within three days of a documented SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immediate release metformin titrated over 6 days to 1,500mg per day 14 days total; ivermectin 430mcg/kg/day for 3 days; fluvoxamine, 50mg on day one then 50mg twice daily through 14 days. Medical-provider diagnosis of Long Covid, reported by participant by day 300 after randomization was a pre-specified secondary outcome; the primary outcome of the trial was severe Covid by day 14.ResultThe median age was 45 years (IQR 37 to 54), 56% female of whom 7% were pregnant. Two percent identified as Native American; 3.7% as Asian; 7.4% as Black/African American; 82.8% as white; and 12.7% as Hispanic/Latino. The median BMI was 29.8 kg/m2(IQR 27 to 34); 51% had a BMI >30kg/m2. Overall, 8.4% reported having received a diagnosis of Long Covid from a medical provider: 6.3% in the metformin group and 10.6% in the metformin control; 8.0% in the ivermectin group and 8.1% in the ivermectin control; and 10.1% in the fluvoxamine group and 7.5% in the fluvoxamine control. The Hazard Ratio (HR) for Long Covid in the metformin group versus control was 0.58 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.88); 0.99 (95% CI 0.592 to 1.643) in the ivermectin group; and 1.36 in the fluvoxamine group (95% CI 0.785 to 2.385).ConclusionsThere was a 42% relative decrease in the incidence of Long Covid in the metformin group compared to its blinded control in a secondary outcome of this randomized phase 3 trial.Trial registrationNCT04510194.IND152439
High-Intensity Interval Training Reduces Transcriptomic Age: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lohman Trevor , Bains Gurinder , Cole Steve , Gharibvand Lida , Berk Lee , Lohman Everett 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between exercise and lifespan is well documented, but little is known about the effects of specific exercise protocols on modern measures of biological age. Transcriptomic age predictors provide an opportunity to test the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on biological age utilizing whole-genome expression data.MethodsA single-site, single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial design was utilized. Thirty sedentary participants (aged 40 to 65) were assigned to either a HIIT group or a no-exercise control group. After collecting baseline measures, HIIT participants performed three 10×1 HIIT sessions per week for 4 weeks. Each session lasted 23 minutes, and total exercise duration was 276 minutes over the course of the 1-month exercise protocol. Transcriptomic age, PSS-10 score, PSQI score, PHQ-9 score, and various measures of body composition were all measured at baseline and again following the conclusion of exercise/control protocols.ResultsTranscriptomic age reduction of 3.59 years was observed in the exercise group while a 3.28-year increase was observed in the control group. PHQ-9, PSQI, BMI, body fat mass, and visceral fat measures were all improved in the exercise group. A hypothesis-generation gene expression analysis suggested exercise may modify autophagy, mTOR, AMPK, IP3K, neurotrophin signaling, insulin signaling, and other age-related pathways.ConclusionA low dose of HIIT can reduce an RNA-based measure of biological age in sedentary males and females between the ages of 40 and 65. Other changes to gene expression were relatively modest, which may indicate a focal effect of exercise on age-related biological processes.
Decrypting the microbiota on the black soldier fly’s (Hermetia illucensL., Diptera: Stratiomyidae) egg surface and their origin during development
Authors: Heussler Carina D. , Klammsteiner Thomas , Stonig Katharina T. , Insam Heribert , Schlick-Steiner Birgit C. , Steiner Florian M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increasing global population leads to a soaring demand for protein for food and feed, and also challenges in organic waste management are growing. All this leads to environmental stress, causing biodiversity loss and an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Alternative and sustainable animal protein sources are needed to reduce the negative environmental impact of food production. In the last years, the black soldier fly (BSF) has been proposed to substitute animal protein, since BSF may consume and reduce a variety of waste organic matter. Successful industrial rearing of BSF depends on a flourishing reproduction of adults, which is influenced not only by environmental but also by physiological factors. The BSF female oviposits single eggs into clutches close to decomposing organic matter and conspecific eggs. Studies have shown that microbes play a significant role in the oviposition of BSF eggs. In this study, we focus on the surface microbiota of the egg and its origin. We investigated if the microbiota is inoculated before, during, or actively after oviposition. For this purpose, we analysed the microbiota in the larval haemolymph and the gut of larvae raised on sterilized and non-sterilized feed, the pupal cell pulp, the wash of the egg-laying apparatus and the eggs directly collected after oviposition, the ovarian eggs and the empty female abdomen, the eggs with contact to adult BSF, and sterilized eggs. The bacterial communities were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess the stage in BSF development during which the microbial colonization of the egg surface occurs. We demonstrated that bacteria differ among life stages resulting in a shift during BSF development from dominance ofEnterobacteriaceaeduring the larval stage to dominance ofBurkholderiaceae spp. in all analysed eggs. A predominant microbiota is present before oviposition and persists through all life stages, however, the overall population’s structure successively shifts during development. A better understanding of egg surface microbiota and oviposition attractants could significantly increase egg production and facilitate the mass harvesting of BSF larvae.Graphical abstract.Illustration of the sampling procedure to assess egg surface microbiome of black soldier fly and its origin: Larval fed with unsterile (GU) and sterile (GS) feed and the larval haemolymph of GS (LH), the pupal cell pulp (CP), and from the female adults after mating, a wash of the egg-laying apparatus (WS) and the afterwards placed eggs of the egg-laying apparatus (EA), eggs collected from the ovary (EO) and the empty female abdomen (FA), eggs collected from a fly cage after forced exposure to adults (EC) and sterilized (ES).
Distinct function of SPL genes in age-related resistance inArabidopsis
Authors: Hu Lanxi , Qi Peng , Peper Alan , Kong Feng , Yao Yao , Yang Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn plants, age-related resistance (ARR) refers to a gain of disease resistance during shoot or organ maturation. ARR associated with vegetative phase change, a transition from juvenile to adult stage, is a widespread agronomic trait affecting resistance against multiple pathogens. How innate immunity in a plant is differentially regulated during successive stages of shoot maturation is unclear. In this work, we found thatArabidopsis thalianashowed ARR against its bacterial pathogenPseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoDC3000 during vegetative phase change. The timing of the ARR activation was associated with a temporal drop of miR156 level. A systematic inspection of the loss- and gain-of-function mutants of 11SPLgenes revealed that a subset ofSPLgenes, notablySPL2, SPL10, andSPL11, activated ARR in adult stage. The immune function of SPL10 was independent of its role in morphogenesis. Furthermore, the SPL10 mediated an age-dependent augmentation of the salicylic acid (SA) pathway partially by direct activation ofPAD4. Disrupting SA biosynthesis or signaling abolished the ARR againstPtoDC3000. Our work demonstrated that the miR156-SPL10 module inArabidopsisis deployed to operate immune outputs over developmental timing.SignificanceAge-associated change of immunity is a widespread phenomenon in animals and plants. How organisms integrate immune maturation into a developmental clock is a fundamental question. Heterochronic microRNAs are key regulators of developmental timing. We found that a conserved heterochronic microRNA (miRNA) inArabidopsis, microRNA156, regulates the timing of age-related resistance associated with a transition from the juvenile to the adult vegetative phase. The coordination between developmental maturation and gain of disease resistance is achieved through miR156-controlled SPL transcription factors with distinct functions. A subset of SPL transcription factors promoted resistance by directly activating key genes in defense signaling. This work bridges the knowledge gap between vegetative development and age-related resistance. Pinpointing mechanisms of the developmental regulation on immunity may pave a way for unlocking the age limit on plant immunity and lay a foundation to applications in the precision agriculture.
Using the DNA methylation profile of the stress driver geneFKBP5for chronic pain diagnosis
Authors: Maiarù Maria , Acton Richard J. , Woźniak Eva L. , Mein Charles A. , Bell Christopher G. , Géranton Sandrine M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEpigenetic changes can bring insight into gene regulatory mechanisms associated with disease pathogenicity, including chronicity and increased vulnerability. To date, we are yet to identify genes sensitive to epigenetic regulation that contribute to the maintenance of chronic pain and with an epigenetic landscape indicative of the susceptibility to persistent pain. Such genes would provide a novel opportunity for better pain management, as their epigenetic profile could be targeted for the treatment of chronic pain or used as an indication of vulnerability for prevention strategies. Here, we investigated the epigenetic profile of the geneFKBP5for this potential, using targeted bisulphite sequencing in rodent pre-clinical models of chronic and latent hypersensitive states. TheFKBP5promoter DNA methylation (DNAm) signature in the CNS was significantly different between models of persistent pain and there was a significant correlation between CNS and peripheral bloodFKBP5DNAm, indicating that further exploration ofFKBP5promoter DNAm as a biomarker of chronic pain pathogenic origin is warranted. We also found that maternal separation, which promotes the persistency of inflammatory pain in adulthood, was accompanied by long-lasting reduction inFKBP5DNAm, suggesting thatFKPB5DNAm profile may indicate the increased vulnerability to chronic pain in individuals exposed to trauma in early life. Overall, our data demonstrate that theFKBP5promoter DNAm landscape brings novel insight into the differing pathogenic origins of chronic pain, may be able to diagnose and stratify patients, and predict the susceptibility to chronic pain.
Leveraging the resting brain to predict memory decline after temporal lobectomy
Authors: Audrain Sam , Barnett Alexander , McAndrews Mary Pat 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesAnterior temporal lobectomy as a treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with a variable degree of postoperative memory decline, and estimating this decline for individual patients is a critical step of preoperative planning. Presently, predicting memory morbidity relies on indices of preoperative temporal lobe structural and functional integrity. However, epilepsy is increasingly understood as a network disorder, and memory a network phenomenon. We aimed to assess the utility of functional network measures to predict postoperative memory changes.MethodsPatients with left and right temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) were recruited from an epilepsy clinic. Patients underwent preoperative resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) and pre- and postoperative neuropsychological assessment approximately one year after surgery. We compared functional connectivity throughout the memory network of each patient to a healthy control template based on 19 individuals to identify differences in global organization. A second metric indicated the degree of integration of the to-be-resected temporal lobe with the rest of the memory network. We included these measures in a linear regression model alongside standard clinical and demographic variables as predictors of memory change after surgery.ResultsSeventy-two adults with TLE were included in this study (37 left/35 right). Left TLE patients with more abnormal memory networks, and with greater functional integration of the to-be-resected region with the rest of the memory network preoperatively, experienced the greatest decline in verbal memory after surgery. Together, these two measures explained 44% of variance in verbal memory change (F(2,31)=12.01, p=0.0001), outperforming standard clinical and demographic variables. None of the variables examined in this study were associated with visuospatial memory change in patients with right TLE.ConclusionResting-state connectivity provides valuable information concerning both the integrity of to-be-resected tissue as well as functional reserve across memory-relevant regions outside of the to-be-resected tissue. Intrinsic functional connectivity has the potential to be useful for clinical decision-making regarding memory outcomes in left TLE, and more work is needed to identify the factors responsible for differences seen in right TLE.