bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poorer objective but not subjective driving performance in drivers vulnerable to sleep loss effects during extended wake
Authors: Nguyen Katrina , Dunbar Claire , Guyett Alisha , Bickley Kelsey , Nguyen Duc Phuc , Reynolds Amy C. , Catcheside Peter , Scott Hannah , Hughes Maslin , Adams Robert , Lack Leon , Cori Jennifer , Howard Mark E. , Anderson Clare , Stevens David , Lovato Nicole , Vakulin Andrew 
Published: January 2025

SummarySleepiness‐related errors are a leading cause of driving accidents, requiring drivers to effectively monitor sleepiness levels. However, there are inter‐individual differences in driving performance after sleep loss, with some showing poor driving performance while others show minimal impairment. This research explored if there are differences in self‐reported sleepiness and driving performance in healthy drivers who exhibited vulnerability or resistance to objective driving impairment following extended wakefulness. Thirty‐two adults (female = 18, mean age = 33.0 ± 14.6 years) completed five × 60‐min simulated drives across 29‐hr of extended wakefulness. Subjective sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) and subjective driving performance ratings (nine‐point Likert scale) were assessed at 10‐min intervals while driving. Cluster analysis using simulator steering deviation and crash data categorised participants as vulnerable (n = 16) or resistant (n = 16) to driving impairments following extended wakefulness. No differences in self‐ratings between the vulnerable and resistant groups were observed except during the last drive (25 hr awake), where the vulnerable group reported higher sleepiness (p = 0.008) and worse driving performance (p = 0.001) than the resistant group. For each 1‐point increase on the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and subjective driving scales, the vulnerable group showed about threefold greater steering impairment relative to resistant drivers. Although self‐reported sleepiness and driving performance were correlated with objective driving performance, vulnerable drivers reported similar sleepiness and driving performance as resistant drivers. Thus, self‐reported sleepiness and driving performance are not reliably sensitive to sleep loss effects on objective driving performance, which may impact the vulnerable driver's decisions to continue driving and delay engagement in countermeasures to reduce crash risk (e.g. napping), warranting further research.
Development and feasibility of an echocardiography‐guided tip location program for central venous catheter implantation
Authors: Shen Yan , Li Xin , Zhang Huiyan , Chang Jian , Zhou Xingmei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis is a prospective observational study designed to develop an echocardiography‐guided tip location program for central venous catheter (CVC) implantation, and to assess the feasibility and the accuracy of the program. First, a multidisciplinary expert committee designed an echocardiography‐guided tip location program; then, a pilot prospective observational study was conducted to assess the feasibility of the program in a vascular access clinic in a tertiary hospital. A total of 186 patients participated in the study. Successful echocardiography‐guided tip placement was achieved in 172 (92.5%) patients. The accuracy of the program reached 99.4%. The program of echocardiography‐guided tip location is feasible and accurate. Ultrasound images revealed notable discrepancies at various locations, allowing specialized nurses to conduct echocardiography‐guided tip placement during CVC insertion through targeted training and practice.
Enhancing Genetic Diversity and Blast Resistance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Through Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) Mutagenesis
Authors: Abdullah Al Mamun S. M. , Khan Mohammad Ashik Iqbal , Ivy Nasrin Akter , Rahman S. M. Mahbubur , Sultana Mst. Sabiha , Adhikary Sanjoy Kumar , Islam Md. Monirul 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPlant diseases cause significant losses to food crop production with blast being one of the most destructive diseases affecting rice. Breeding for disease resistance is an effective approach for developing varieties that can withstand such diseases, ultimately contributing to stable yields in rice. Besides hybridization, chemical mutagenesis is a potential method of bringing desirable genetic alteration towards disease resistance in seed propagated crops like rice. Therefore, a study was conducted to generate variants employing ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis, evaluate the resulting mutants for variability and identify genotypes resistant to rice blast disease following a completely randomized design (CRD). Seeds of BRRI dhan28 were mutagenized with LD50 (0.108 M) of EMS to develop 100 mutants. The mutants demonstrated notable variation in all traits assessed. The higher level of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was assessed together with high heritability as well as genetic advance in percent of mean for filled grains panicle−1, tillers hill−1, grain and straw yield hill−1 and harvest index. Plant height, panicle length, tillers hill−1, branches panicle−1 and grains panicle−1 showed a statistically significant and positive correlation with grain yield. The cluster analysis grouped the mutants into seven main clusters, and the PCA demonstrated 42.96% of total variation for the first two components. Screening of the mutants against leaf blast disease exhibited variable responses from resistant to highly susceptible. A total of 9 mutants were found as resistant and 35 as moderately resistant against blast disease. Seed mutagenesis with EMS is an effective technique for generating variability towards blast resistance in susceptible rice varieties, and the identified resistant genotypes can serve as valuable resources for further research in improving blast resistance in rice.
In a Different Light: Irradiation‐Induced Cuticular Wax Accumulation Fails to Reduce Cuticular Transpiration
Authors: Herzig Lena , Uellendahl Kora , Malkowsky Yaron , Schreiber Lukas , Grünhofer Paul 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe cuticle, an extracellular hydrophobic layer impregnated with waxy lipids, serves as the primary interface between plant leaves and their environment and is thus subject to external cues. A previous study on poplar leaves revealed that environmental conditions outdoors promoted the deposition of about 10‐fold more cuticular wax compared to the highly artificial climate of a growth chamber. Given that light was the most significant variable distinguishing the two locations, we hypothesized that the quantity of light might serve as a key driver of foliar wax accumulation. Thus, this study aimed to isolate the factor of light quantity (photosynthetic photon flux density [PPFD]) from other environmental stimuli (such as relative humidity and ambient temperature) and explore its impact on cuticular wax deposition and subsequent rates of residual foliar transpiration in different species. Analytical investigations revealed a significant increase in cuticular wax amount with increasing PPFD (between 50 and 1200 µmol m−2 s−1) in both monocotyledonous (maize and barley) and dicotyledonous (tomato and bean) crop species, without altering the relative lipid composition. Despite the increased wax coverages, rates of foliar water loss did not decrease, further confirming that the residual (cuticular) transpiration is independent of the cuticular wax amount.
Subcutaneous Panniculitis‐Like T‐Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Targetoid Plaque in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Smith Payton L. , Bruffett Phoebe , Zengin Sena , Guram Mavinder , Zoumberos Nicholas A. , Patel Vijay M. , Evans Megan S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSubcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare type of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by subcutaneous nodules, indurated plaques, erythema, and cellular infiltrates in the subcutaneous fat. Biopsies show neoplastic cells expressing cytotoxic T‐cell markers and displaying moderate cytologic atypia while sparing the dermis and epidermis and showing variable degrees of necrosis, hemorrhage, and inflammatory changes. We describe a pediatric case of SPTCL in a 6‐year‐old boy, presenting with an unusual targetoid plaque and systemic symptoms, who showed significant improvement on systemic immunosuppressants without chemotherapy. This case underscores the potential for atypical presentations of SPTCL and the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in achieving favorable clinical outcomes, adding to the understanding of SPTCL's clinical diversity and treatment strategies.
From international to cosmopolitan: Democracy as the political path to peace?
Authors: Marinopoulou Anastasia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe aim of the present paper is to carry out a comparative study of Immanuel Kant and Jürgen Habermas on democratic governance and citizenship. Both thinkers focus on these two factors but the extent to which these contribute to reinforcing the state and peace has not been investigated by researchers. The present paper questions how cosmopolitanism in comparative and consequential mode: Safeguards peace by presupposing a level of interstate institutional convergence as presented by Kant and Habermas; and Reinforces and innovates democracy on an interstate level not only within the state; and Instead of just safeguarding peace, re‐discovers the political sphere, as presented by Habermas, who on this point develops an array of departures from Kant. The originality of the research derives from the symmetries and asymmetries in Kant and Habermas that extend their arguments on cosmopolitanism to the solidification of democracy and the avoidance of war.
Cognitive impairment caused by compromised hepatic ketogenesis is prevented by endurance exercise
Authors: Kelty Taylor J. , Kerr Nathan R. , Chou Chih H. , Shryack Grace E. , Taylor Christopher L. , Krause Alexa A. , Knutson Alexandra R. , Bunten Josh , Childs Tom E. , Meers Grace M. , Dashek Ryan J. , Puchalska Patrycja , Crawford Peter A. , Thyfault John P. , Booth Frank W. , Rector R. Scott 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExtensive research has demonstrated endurance exercise to be neuroprotective. Whether these neuroprotective benefits are mediated, in part, by hepatic ketone production remains unclear. To investigate the role of hepatic ketone production on brain health during exercise, healthy 6‐month‐old female rats underwent viral knockdown of the rate‐limiting enzyme in the liver that catalyses the first reaction in ketogenesis: 3‐hydroxymethylglutaryl‐CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2). Rats were then subjected to either a bout of acute exercise or 4 weeks of chronic treadmill running (5 days/week) and cognitive behavioural testing. Acute exercise elevated ketone plasma concentration 1 h following exercise. Hepatic HMGCS2 knockdown, verified by protein expression, reduced ketone plasma concentration 1 h after acute exercise and 48 h after chronic exercise. Proteomic analysis and enrichment of the frontal cortex revealed hepatic HMGCS2 knockdown reduced markers of mitochondrial function 1 h after acute exercise. HMGCS2 knockdown significantly reduced state 3 complex I + II respiration in isolated mitochondria from the frontal cortex after chronic exercise. Spatial memory and protein markers of synaptic plasticity were significantly reduced by HMGCS2 knockdown. These deficiencies were prevented by chronic endurance exercise training. In summary, these are the first data to propose that hepatic ketogenesis is required to maintain cognition and mitochondrial function, irrespective of training status, and that endurance exercise can overcome neuropathology caused by insufficient hepatic ketogenesis. These results establish a mechanistic link between liver and brain health that enhance our understanding of how peripheral tissue metabolism influences brain health.
imageKey points
Decades of literature demonstrate endurance exercise to be neuroprotective.
Whether neuroprotective benefits are mediated, in part, by hepatic ketone production remains unclear.
This study provides the first set of data that suggest hepatic ketogenesis is required to maintain cognition, synaptic plasticity and mitochondrial function.
These data indicate endurance exercise can protect against cognitive decline caused by compromised hepatic ketogenesis.
These results establish a mechanistic link between liver and brain function, prompting further investigation of how hepatic metabolism influences brain health.
Ultrasound evaluation of snake bites: recent developments and future directions
Authors: Xu Shipei , Zhu Liwen , Xuan Jiqing 
Published: January 2025

Snake bites remain a public health problem worldwide; prompt and effective treatment is crucial in promoting the recovery of patients. Traditionally, physicians assessed patients’ conditions mainly through palpation and laboratory tests, which can be subjective and time-lagging. Conversely, ultrasound can visualize subtle changes in the lesion area and provide insight into tissue perfusion dynamics, making it an effective tool for comprehensive disease assessment. By analyzing recent cases, our study found that ultrasound is highly effective in detecting complications in snakebite patients, including subcutaneous edema, changes in limb hemodynamics, and organ damage. This enables clinicians to have a more comprehensive understanding of snakebite injuries, thereby facilitating precise patient treatment
Influence of snow cover on albedo reduction by snow algae
Authors: Almela Pablo , Elser James J. , Giersch J. Joseph , Hotaling Scott , Hamilton Trinity L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Snow algae darken the surface of snow, reducing albedo and accelerating melt. However, the impact of subsurface snow algae (e.g., when cells are covered by recent snowfall) on albedo is unknown. Here, we examined the impact of subsurface snow algae on surface energy absorption by adding up to 2 cm of clean snow to surface algal blooms and measuring reflectivity. Surprisingly, snow algae still absorb significant energy across an array of wavelengths when snow-covered. Furthermore, the scale of this effect correlates with algal cell densities and chlorophyll-a concentrations. Collectively, our results suggest that darkening by subsurface snow algae lowers albedo and thus potentially accelerates snowmelt even when the algae is snow-covered. Impacts of subsurface algae on melt await assessment. This implies that snow algae play a larger role in cryosphere melt than investigations of surface-only reflectance would suggest.

IMPORTANCE
This study addresses a gap in research by examining the impact of subsurface snow algae on snow albedo, which affects snowmelt rates. Previous studies have focused on visible surface blooms, leaving the effects of hidden algae unquantified. Our findings reveal that snow algae beneath the surface can still absorb energy across various wavelengths, accelerating melt even when not visible to the naked eye. This suggests that spectral remote sensing can detect these hidden algae, although their biomass might be underestimated. Understanding how subsurface snow algae influence albedo and snowmelt is crucial for accurate predictions of meltwater runoff, which impacts alpine ecosystems, glacier health, and water resources. Accurate projections are essential for managing freshwater supplies for agriculture, drinking water, and other vital uses. Thus, further investigation into subsurface snow algae is necessary to improve our understanding of their role in snow albedo reduction and water resource management.
Effect of Benson relaxation response technique on the quality of life among patients with systemic lupus erythematous: quasi-experimental study
Authors: Masadeh Arwa , Nofal Basema Mohammad , Masa'deh Rami 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of Benson relaxation response technique (BRRT) on the quality of life (QOL) among patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE).MethodologyA quasi-experimental design was used to conveniently recruit 170 patients with SLE. Participants were divided into two groups, the control and the intervention group for which the BRRT intervention was administered. Utilising an online questionnaire, the QOL was assessed among the two groups, before and 2 months after the intervention, using the Arabic version of the short form 36-item health survey.ResultsAfter 2 months of the intervention, the intervention group exhibited significantly higher levels in both components of QOL; physical (t(143.31)=15.35, p<0.001); and mental component (t(143.58)=12.35, p<0.001). Additionally, for the intervention group, the results revealed a statistically significant increase in the levels of both components from baseline measurement; physical (t(84)=−16.24, p<0.001) and mental component (t(84)=−12.93, p<0.001).ConclusionThe findings demonstrate a notable positive impact of BRRT on QOL among patients with SLE. Healthcare professionals can potentially improve the overall well-being of patients with SLE and complement traditional treatment by implementing BRRT into their care.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in lupus nephritis and beyond
Authors: Barguil Macedo Marina , Wang Ting , Jönsen Andreas , Bengtsson Anders A , Gunnarsson Iva , Svenungsson Elisabet , Lood Christian 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo study neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in peripheral blood in SLE, and to propose a mechanism by which neutrophils secrete NGAL on stimulation with immune complexes (IC).MethodsNGAL was measured by ELISA in two independent Swedish SLE cohorts acting as exploratory and validation cohort (n=124 and n=308, respectively), disease controls (n=38) and healthy controls (n=77). NGAL levels were measured in supernatant from IC-stimulated neutrophils in the presence or absence of a toll-like receptor 8 inhibitor (TLR8i).ResultsIn the exploratory cohort, serum levels of NGAL were increased in patients with SLE as compared with healthy controls (p=0.021), and associated with histological-proven membranoproliferative lupus nephritis (LN) (p=0.018). In the validation cohort, plasma levels of NGAL were elevated in patients with a history of LN (p=0.0048), as well as in patients with SLE with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) compared with those without (p=0.0022). In both cohorts, NGAL was able to discriminate patients with a creatinine clearance <60 mL/min (chronic kidney disease stage 3 or more) with high accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.92 (p<0.0001) and 0.94 (p=0.0088), respectively. Neutrophils stimulated with IC secrete more NGAL, when compared with baseline, and this process was blocked by adding a TLR8i.ConclusionBlood levels of NGAL are increased in patients with SLE with decreased kidney function, and in those with secondary APS. The mechanism behind NGAL increase in SLE may be related to TLR8 pathway activation by circulating RNA-containing IC.
Comprehensible dynamics of quanta: from the quantum of action to the 2nd law of thermodynamics
Authors: Annila Arto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The 2nd law of thermodynamics is derived from the principle of least action, positing that the quantum of action is the indivisible and indestructible basic building block of everything. On their least-time paths to balance, the quanta move from the system to its surroundings, or vice versa, so that the kinetic, potential, and dissipated energy tally. When re-expressed in logarithmic terms, this current toward more probable states with decreasing free energy equates to the principle of increasing entropy, the 2nd law of thermodynamics, including path-independent dynamic and path dependent geometric phase shifts. Despite being exact, the equation of evolution to entropy maximum, equivalent to free energy minimum, cannot be solved because evolution, consuming its own driving forces, becomes path dependent. Thus, the future remains open within free energy bounds. As discussed, the entropy derived from the statistical physics of open quantum systems sums states distinguishable in energy; whereas, Boltzmann’s entropy enumerates microstates indistinguishable in energy. Consequently, the statistical physics of open systems differs from that of closed systems: The irreversible evolution in the state space toward thermodynamic balance contrasts with the steady-state revolution in phase space between conceivable configurations. This concrete comprehension explains, among other things, that increasing disorder is not a law of nature itself but a consequence of the law to attain balance with incoherent surroundings in the least time.
MPEG Column: 145th MPEG Meeting (Virtual/Online)
Authors: Timmerer Christian 
Published: January 2025

The 145th MPEG meeting was held online from 22-26 January 2024, and the official press release can be found here. It comprises the following highlights:
•Latest Edition of the High Efficiency Image Format Standard Unveils Cutting-Edge Features for Enhanced Image Decoding and Annotation
•MPEG Systems finalizes Standards supporting Interoperability Testing
•MPEG finalizes the Third Edition of MPEG-D Dynamic Range Control
•MPEG finalizes the Second Edition of MPEG-4 Audio Conformance
•MPEG Genomic Coding extended to support Transport and File Format for Genomic Annotations
•MPEG White Paper: Neural Network Coding (NNC) - Efficient Storage and Inference of Neural Networks for Multimedia Applications
This column will focus on the High Efficiency Image Format (HEIF) and interoperability testing. As usual, a brief update on MPEG-DASH et al. will be provided.
JPEG Column: 102nd JPEG Meeting in San Francisco, U.S.A.
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio 
Published: January 2025

JPEG Trust reaches Draft International Standard stage.
The 102nd JPEG meeting was held in San Francisco, California, USA, from 22 to 26 January 2024. At this meeting, JPEG Trust became a Draft International Standard. Moreover, the responses to the Call for Proposals of JPEG NFT were received and analysed. As a consequence, relevant steps were taken towards the definition of standardized tools for certification of the provenance and authenticity of media content in a time where tools for effective media manipulation should be made available to the general public. The 102nd JPEG meeting was finalised with the JPEG Emerging Technologies Workshop, at Tencent, Palo Alto on 27 January.