bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech Outcomes in 5-Year-Old Korean Children with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Koh Kyung S. , Jung Seungeun , Park Bo Ra , Oh Tae-Suk , Kim Young Chul , Ha Seunghee 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Among the cleft types, bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) generally requires multiple surgical procedures and extended speech therapy to achieve normal speech development. This study aimed to describe speech outcomes in 5-year-old Korean children with BCLP and examine whether normal speech could be achieved before starting school.
Methods The retrospective study analyzed 52 children with complete BCLP who underwent primary palatal surgery at a tertiary medical center. Three speech-language pathologists made perceptual judgments on recordings from a speech follow-up assessment of 5-year-old children. They assessed the children's speech in terms of articulation, speech intelligibility, resonance, and voice using the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech-Augmented-Korean Modification.
Results The results indicated that at the age of five, 65 to 70% of children with BCLP presented articulation and resonance within normal or acceptable ranges. Further, seven children with BCLP (13.5%) needed both additional speech therapy and palatal surgery for persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency and speech problems even at the age of five.
Conclusion This study confirmed that routine follow-up speech assessments are essential as a substantial number of children with BCLP require secondary surgical procedures and extended speech therapy to achieve normal speech development.
Brain Abscess: A Comparison of Surgical Outcomes between Conventional Burr Hole Aspiration and Endoscope-Assisted Evacuation
Authors: Ahmed Md Farhad , Rana Sumon , Zahan Kanij Fatema Ishrat , Munira Shirazum , Islam Mohammad Shafiqul , Haque Monzurul , Pahwa Bhavya , Aydin Levent , Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Brain abscesses are a major health problem with significant morbidity and mortality rates. The objective of this study was to compare the surgical efficacy of endoscope-assisted evacuation of a brain abscess with that of single burr hole aspiration in a tertiary health care center.
Methods This single-center nonrandomized clinical study was conducted during the period from July 2020 to December 2021. Male and female patients younger than 30 years who presented with brain abscess were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups and treated with two different techniques: conventional burr hole aspiration group and endoscope-assisted evacuation group.
Results Thirty patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 13.0 ± 6.3 years in the burr hole group and 13.1 ± 6.4 years in the endoscope-assisted group. There was ≥75.0% evacuation of brain abscess on postoperative day 1 in 13 (92.9%) patients in the endoscope-assisted group and in 5 (33.3%) patients in the burr hole group. The mortality rate was 6.7% in both groups. The mean residual volume on postoperative day 30 was 0.75 mL in the endoscope-assisted group and 1.75 mL in the burr hole aspiration group. No patients treated with endoscope-assisted evacuation required a repeat surgery, whereas five patients (33.3%) treated with the conventional burr hole method required a repeat surgery.
Conclusions This study showed that the endoscope-assisted procedure has a better rate of abscess evacuation, lower residual risk, and less chance of repeat surgeries than the conventional burr hole procedure.
Perioperative Means to Prevent Surgical Site Infections following Elective Craniotomies: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Colombo Francesca , Maye Helen , Bourama Eva , Waqar Mueez , Karabatsou Konstantina , Coope David , Bailey Matthew , Heal Calvin , Patel Hiren C. , D'Urso Pietro I. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Postoperative surgical site infections are a recognized complication following craniotomies with an associated increase in morbidity and mortality. Several studies have attempted to identify bundles of care to reduce the incidence of infections. Our study aims to clarify which perioperative measures play a role in reducing surgical infection rates further.
Methods This study is a retrospective audit of all elective craniotomies in years 2018 to 2019. The primary endpoint was the surgical site infection rate at 30 days and 4 months after the procedure. Univariate analysis was used to identify factors predictive of postoperative infection.
Results 344 patients were included in this study. Postoperative infections were observed in 5.2% of our cohort. No postoperative infections occurred within 4 months in patients receiving perioperative hair wash and intrawound vancomycin powder. In univariate analysis, craniotomy size (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.05), lack of perioperative hair wash, and vancomycin powder use (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.01) were predictive of postoperative infection. No complications relative to the use of intrawound vancomycin were observed.
Conclusion Our study demonstrates that simple measures such as perioperative hair wash combined with intrawound vancomycin powder in addition to standard practice can help reducing infection rates with negligible risks and acceptable costs. Our results should be validated further in future prospective studies.
Defining comprehensiveness in primary care: a scoping review
Authors: Baughman Derek , Nasir Rafay , Ngo Lynda , Bazemore Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Introduction The term comprehensiveness was introduced into the literature as early as the 1960s and is regarded as a core attribute of primary care. Although comprehensive care is a primary care research priority encompassing patient and provider experience, cost, and health outcomes, there has been a lack of focus on consolidating existing definitions. Aim To unify definitions of comprehensiveness in primary care. Methods The PRISMA extension for scoping reviews was followed, hierarchically filtering ‘comprehensiveness’ MeSH terms and literature-defined affiliated terms. Snowballing methods were used to include additional literature from known experts. Articles were systematically reviewed with a three-clinician team. Results The initial search populated 679 607 articles, of which 25 were included. Identified key terms include: whole-person care (WPC), range of services, and referral to specialty care. WPC is the extent which primary care physicians (PCPs) consider the physical, emotional, and social aspects of a patient’s health. It has been shown to positively impact clinical costs and outcomes, satisfaction, and trust. Range of services encompasses most health problems to reduce unnecessary spending on specialty care and promote continuity. Referral to specialty care is utilized when PCPs cannot provide the necessary services – balancing depth and breadth of care with the limitations of primary care scope. Discussion This scoping review unified the interrelatedness of comprehensiveness’s main aspects – whole-person care, range of services, and referral to specialty care – framing a working, evidence-based definition: managing most medical care needs and temporarily complementing care with special integrated services in the context of patient’s values, preferences, and beliefs.
Isotropic pressure induced structural, electronic, photocatalytic, elastic and mechanical properties of RbPbF3: GGA-PBE and HSE03 based computational estimation
Authors: Gulzar Fakiha , Siddique Sofia , Zeba I , Rizwan M , Gillani S S A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to present a comprehensive computational analysis, with Generalized Gradient Approximations (GGA) and Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE03) correlation functionals, of the structural, optoelectronic, photocatalytic and elastic properties of Rubidium Lead Fluoride (RbPbF3) under the systematic isotropic pressure range of 0–55 GPa. Under stress a systematic decrease in lattice parameters and band gap (4.869 eV − 1.105 eV) is observed upto 55 GPa. For comprehensive evaluation of band gap, PDOS and EPDOS have also been determined. Photocatalytic properties of RbPbF3 under stress demonstrate the best photocatalytic water-splitting potential, aligning with the band gap estimation. The significant variation in optical parameters is found with a varying stress array from 0–55 GPa. Optically this compound can be utilized as a UV detector because absorption bands are seen in the UV spectrum. The material exhibits mechanical stability, and ductile behavior, with ionic and covalent bonding. The anisotropic nature is observed in our estimated results.
Mechanical and tribological characteristics of hypo eutectic Al-7Si alloy-based composite reinforced with Sn metal powder and Al2O3 using bottom pouring stir casting technique
Authors: Ajay C Veera , Hariharasakthisudhan P , Anand S , Sivasubramanian I 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present work highlights the significant effects of varying wt% of Sn metal powder in the hypo eutectic Al-7Si/10 wt% Al2O3 composite. The composites were manufactured through a multi-stage stir casting route and characterized for mechanical and wear behavior using ASTM standards. The results revealed that the increase in Sn content up to 4 wt% in the matrix enhanced the microhardness, tensile properties, and reduced the porosity. The Al-7Si/10 wt% Al2O3 composite with 4% Sn particle reinforcement shows the highest tensile strength and hardness of 132 MPa and 90 BHN, respectively. All composites exhibited a ductile mode of failure, as evidenced by the tear ridges and dimples on the tensile fracture surface. By adding of Sn metal powder to the material system, the wear rate and coefficient of friction were reduced. At 1000 m of sliding distance and 1 ms−1 of sliding velocity, the wear loss of 8 wt% Sn composite was decreased by 88.8% as compared to Al-7Si base alloy at a normal load of 10 N whereas, at 40 N of normal load, the wear loss was decreased by 66.6%. During the wear process, the Sn metal powder surfaced and formed a thin tribo film that mechanically mixed with the surface, resulting in reduced friction. The layer at the interface prevented direct contact between asperities on the mating surface, which reduced wear loss. The composites without Sn metal powder exhibited adhesive wear and delamination as the primary wear mechanisms, while composites with Sn showed predominantly adhesive wear. Regression analysis followed by a desirability function approach was carried out to develop the model and optimize the operating conditions of the experiments.
Excellent photocatalytic and antibacterial performance of silver and cobalt doped MnO nanoparticles
Authors: Ahmad Suleman , Jabbar Saqib , Gillani S S A , Hameed Aminah , Ahmad R , Rani Aniqa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Metals (Ag, Fe, Co and Ag+Co)-doped MnO nanoparticles are synthesized by sol–gel method and are investigated for photocatalytic and antibacterial activities. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) techniques to determine the structural and morphological properties. The XRD results indicate the successful incorporation of the doped-metal elements into the lattice and changes in the crystallite sizes. The SEM micrographs indicate nano-porous and agglomerated grains after the doping and maximum nano-porosity is estimated for Co and Ag+Co doped nanoparticles. Methylene-blue (MB) dye is used to measure the photocatalytic activity which indicates the degradation of 94% for Ag+Co doped nanoparticles in only 30 min. The antibacterial activities of the nanoparticles are investigated against pathogenic bacteria by using the cultures of Bacillus, Escherichia Coli, Streptococcus and Cocci. The dose quantities are varied and compared with the standard Amikacin medicine that is commercially used for antifungal treatment. It is found that inhibition zones increase up to five times than the standard against Bacillus, Escherichia Coli and Cocci and doubles for Streptococcus at the dose level higher than 20 μl. These results indicate that Ag+Co doped MnO nanoparticles show the excellent photocatalytic performance and the best antibacterial results against the Bacillus bacteria.
Gravitational echoes of lepton number symmetry breaking with light and ultralight Majorons
Authors: Addazi Andrea , Marcianò Antonino , Morais António P. , Pasechnik Roman , Viana João , Yang Hao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We formulate a version of the low-scale Majoron model equipped with an inverse seesaw mechanism featuring lepton-number preserving dimension-6 operators in the scalar potential. Contrary to its dimension-4 counterpart, we find that the model can simultaneously provide light and ultralight Majorons, neutrino masses and their mixing, while featuring strong first-order cosmological phase transitions associated to the spontaneous breaking of the lepton number and the electroweak symmetries in the early Universe. We show by a detailed numerical analysis under which circumstances the model can be probed via the primordial gravitational wave spectrum potentially observable at LISA and other planned facilities. We discuss which implications result for collider physics observables, such as scalar trilinear couplings, the scalar mixing angle and the mass of a new CP-even Higgs boson.
Label-free rapid detection of urinary tumor cells based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering and deep learning
Authors: Wang Xin , Wu Xingda , Wang Wen , Cong Yanguang , Chen Luzhu , Zhong Jingyi , Fang Xianglin , Tan Yongxin , Zhang Yanjiao , Li Shaoxin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In clinical practice, the primary objective of tumor detection is to acquire comprehensive diagnostic information while minimizing invasiveness and reducing patient discomfort. Urine cytology represents a non-invasive method frequently employed for urologic tumor detection. However, its sensitivity is limited. Enhancing the accurate identification of various urologic tumor cells and blood cells is crucial to improve the sensitivity of urine cytology. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), coupled with suitable machine learning algorithms, holds significant potential for rapid, sensitive, label-free, and non-destructive detection and identification of tumor cells. In this investigation, SERS spectra of urologic tumor cells and blood cells were acquired using an ordered substrate comprising Au-wrapped nanorod arrays. Notably, a remarkably high spectral resemblance was observed among the three distinct types of urologic tumor cells. Five machine learning algorithms were implemented for cell type differentiation and prediction. Among these, the classification network system integrating spatial attention mechanism with DenseNet exhibited the highest classification performance, yielding an accuracy rate of nearly 99%. Additionally, an attention heatmap was generated to highlight the wavenumber range that contributed the most in the SERS spectra, aiding in discriminating various cell species. This study demonstrates that SERS technology based on Au-wrapped nanorod arrays, in conjunction with deep learning algorithms, can promptly and accurately differentiate normal cells from tumor cells, thereby offering an effective approach to enhance the sensitivity of urine cytology tests.
Measurement and analysis of the neutron-induced total cross-sections of 209Bi from 0.3 eV to 20 MeV on the Back-n at CSNS*
Authors: Xue 薛 Jieming 洁明 , Feng 冯 Song 松 , Chen 陈 Yonghao 永浩 , Yi 易 Han 晗 , Li 李 Xinxiang 鑫祥 , Xiao 肖 Min 敏 , Cheng 程 Pinjing 品晶 , Liu 刘 Rong 荣 , Yang 羊 Yiwei 奕伟 , Han 韩 Zijie 子杰 , Zhao 赵 Dajun 大俊 , Wang 王 Haoqiang 豪强 , Li 李 Baoqian 宝钱 , Zhao 赵 Jirong 继荣 , Liu 刘 Zijun 梓隽 , Chen 陈 Chaomin 朝敏 , Luo 罗 Wen 文 , Zheng 郑 Bo 波 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The neutron-induced total cross-section of 209Bi is crucial for the physical design and safety assessment of lead-based fast reactors, and the quality of experimental data should be improved for evaluation and application. A recent experiment was conducted on the back-streaming white neutron beamline (Back-n) at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) using the neutron total cross-section spectrometer (NTOX). The neutron energy was determined using a fast multi-cell fission chamber and the time-of-flight technique. Two high-purity bismuth samples, 6 mm and 20 mm in thickness, were chosen for neutron transmission measurements and comparisons. The neutron total cross-sections of 209Bi, ranging from 0.3 eV to 20 MeV, were derived considering neutron flight time determination, flight path calibration, and background subtraction. A comparison of the experimental results with the data in the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library showed fair agreement, and the point-wise cross-sections were found to be consistent with existing experimental data. Special attention was given to the determination of resonance parameters, which were analyzed using the
R
-matrix code SAMMY and Bayesian method in the 0.5 keV to 20 keV energy range. The extracted resonance parameters were compared to previously reported results and evaluated data. This study is recognized as the first one where the neutron total cross-section of bismuth across such a broad energy spectrum is measured in a single measurement or experiment, and it provides valuable data for the assessment of related reaction information for evaluated libraries and the advancement of lead-bismuth-based nuclear systems.
Statistical Properties of X-Ray Bursts from SGR J1935+2154 Detected by Insight-HXMT
Authors: Zhang Wen-Long , Li Xiu-Juan , Yang Yu-Peng , Yi Shuang-Xi , Li Cheng-Kui , Tang Qing-Wen , Qin Ying , Wang Fa-Yin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As one class of the most important objects in the universe, magnetars can produce a lot of different frequency bursts including X-ray bursts. In Cai et al., 75 X-ray bursts produced by magnetar SGR J1935+2154 during an active period in 2020 are published, including the duration and net photon counts of each burst, and waiting time based on the trigger time difference. In this paper, we utilize the power-law model,

dN

(
x
)

/

dx
∝
(
x
+

x

0

)

−

α

x

, to fit the cumulative distributions of these parameters. It can be found that all the cumulative distributions can be well fitted, which can be interpreted by a self-organizing criticality theory. Furthermore, we check whether this phenomenon still exists in different energy bands and find that there is no obvious evolution. These findings further confirm that the X-ray bursts from magnetars are likely to be generated by some self-organizing critical process, which can be explained by a possible magnetic reconnection scenario in magnetars.
Permanent direct part marking for metal parts processed at high temperature
Authors: Hradil D , Hájek J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article introduces new options for high-temperature permanent ink marking of machine parts. As experimental materials, ferrous metals (EN X40CrMoV5-1, EN 16MnCr5, EN S355J2+N) and titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) have been printed. The paper presents the temperature-dependence curve of Ceramic phosphors. Generally, the most commonly used pigments are based on ZrSiO4, SiC (each has a different refractive index). In our case, TiO2 and inorganic luminescent (LS) based powders was also used. The respective pigments were subjected to several technological processes. These included nitriding, carburizing and vacuum heat treatment. The printing or its effect was evaluated by LM and microhardness measurements. The new method of marking machine parts appears to be suitable for non-destructive marking of parts for applications requiring resistance to high temperatures.
Influence of overvoltage waves on the development of partial discharges
Authors: Korzhov A V , Safonov V I , Babayev R M o , Dziuba M A , Korostelev I E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A theoretical study of the development dynamics of partial discharges in defects in cable insulation of medium voltage networks in the presence of an overvoltage wave has been carried out. Simulation modeling of the development of partial discharges was performed on the basis of a model with three capacitors, supplemented by a model for the appearance of a seed electron. A single-phase short circuit to earth with several breaks in the electric arc was the source of the overvoltage wave. Simulation modeling showed that the number and power of partial discharges significantly increased over the period of the fundamental harmonic. The amplitude of the periodic component of the transient process was already enough to recharge the defect for large insulation defect and it is the highest harmonic that becomes decisive in the formation of partial discharges. This fact may be one of the explanations for a possible trend in medium voltage cable networks, where a failure on one cable is followed by a group of subsequent failures in nearby cable lines within a few days.
High-speed digital-to-analogue converters phase noise modelling
Authors: Romashov V V , Yakimenko K A , Doktorov A N , Sochneva N A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paper presents a mathematical model of the phase noise power spectral density of a high-speed digital-to-analogue converter. The shapes of the envelopes of the spectrum of the output signal in RFZ3, RFZ4 operating modes are given. The phase noise transfer coefficients for RFZ3, RFZ4 operating modes are obtained. The modelling of the power spectral density of phase noises in the studied operating modes was carried out. The analysis of the received dependences is carried out. It is concluded that RFZ3, RFZ4 modes of operation allow to obtain a lower level of PSD phase noise for images n = 1, 3, 4, 5, which indicates the possibility of generating high-frequency signals with a frequency that is 5-11 times higher than the generated frequency in NRZ mode without noise degradation.
Modeling of the process of solar drying of grapes in indirect type installations with natural air convection
Authors: Jumaev Jura , Ibragimov Salim , Mirzaev Shavkat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paper models the process of natural convection of an indirect type dryer mathematically for the accumulation and absorption of heat which uses water. The data from the experiment conducted by the authors of the work is used as the initial data. The Reynolds equations and the temperature distribution equations are used for the mathematical model considering the Boussinesq hypothesis. The SIMPLE control volume method is used in the paper for the difference approximation of the initial equations. The temperature and velocity fields in the drying chamber are determined. It is revealed that the maximum speed in this mode is reached in the upper part of the dryer and it will be equal to 0.02-0.03 m/s.
RRT path planning algorithm with enhanced sampling
Authors: Zou Qianshi , Le Minyu , Shen Yizhe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Due to the low efficiency and low path quality of the RRT algorithm, this paper introduces a sampling-enhanced RRT(SE-RRT) algorithm with four improvements to the RRT algorithm. In the path search phase, the gravitational coefficient is added to improve the efficiency of finding the feasible path without losing randomness. In the path optimization phase, turning points are selected from nodes of the original path by global rewiring. Then the sampling space is established around the turning points for local re-optimization. Finally, a near-optimal path is obtained and can be iterated to the optimal path according to the demand. In the code implementation phase, efficient path collision detection is added to prevent local paths from crossing obstacles.