bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A landscape assessment of the use of patient reported outcome measures in research, quality improvement and clinical care across a healthcare organisation
Authors: Snowdon David A. , Srikanth Velandai , Beare Richard , Marsh Lucy , Parker Emily , Naude Kim , Andrew Nadine E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be used by healthcare organisations to inform improvements in service delivery. However, routine collection of PROMs is difficult to achieve across an entire healthcare organisation. An understanding of the use of PROMs within an organisation can provide valuable insights on the purpose, scope and practical considerations of PROMs collection, which can inform implementation of PROMs.

Methods
We used multiple research methods to assess the use of PROMs in research projects, data registries and clinical care across a healthcare organisation from January 2014 to April 2021. The methods included an audit of ethics applications approved by the organisation’s human research ethics committee and registries which the health organisation had contributed data to; a literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles reporting on research projects conducted at the organisation; and a survey of health professionals use of PROMs in research projects, data registries and clinical care. The scope of PROMs was determined by classifying PROMs as either ‘specific’ to a particular disease and/or condition, or as a ‘generic’ measure with further classification based on the health domains they measured, using the World Health Organization International Classification Framework. Practical considerations included mode and timing of PROMs administration. Data were described using frequency and proportion.

Results
PROMs were used by 22% of research projects (n = 144/666), 68% of data registries (n = 13/19), and 76% of clinical specialties in their clinical care (n = 16/21). Disease specific PROMs were most commonly used: 83% of research projects (n = 130/144), 69% of clinical registries (n = 9/13), and 75% of clinical specialties (n = 12/16). Greater than 80% of research projects, clinical registries and clinical specialties measured health domains relating to both body impairments and participation in daily life activities. The most commonly used generic PROM was the EQ-5D (research projects n = 56/144, 39%; data registries n = 5/13, 38%; clinical specialties n = 4/16, 25%). PROMs used in clinical care were mostly paper-based (n = 47/55, 85%).

Conclusions
We have elicited information on the use of PROMs to inform a health organisation wide implementation strategy. Future work will determine clinician and patient acceptability of the EQ-5D, and co-design a system for the collection of PROMs.
Exaggerated levels of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in Japanese encephalitis infected BV2 and neuro 2A cell lines associated with worst outcome
Authors: Shukla Mukti , Garg Atul , Dhole T. N. , Chaturvedi Rachna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractJapanese encephalitis (JE) disease, a viral brain fever is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Despite the availability of effective vaccines against this deadly infection, JE is the leading cause of epidemic viral encephalitis in children in South-east Asia. There is no treatment available for the JE disease which might be due to incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of JE virus. The JEV infections lead to permanent neurological deficits even in those who survive from the infection. Activated microglia may play a potentially detrimental role by eliciting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) influencing the surrounding brain tissue. Microglial activation, proinflammatory cytokine release and leukocytes trafficking are associated following JEV infection in central nervous system (CNS). How the pattern recognition receptors sense the viral nucleic acid and how the microglial and neuronal cells behaves following JEV infection is still unelucidated. There is scarcity of data on the expression levels of toll like receptors (TLRs), cytokines and chemokines in JEV infection in invitro model. To explore the molecular mechanisms of JEV infection of microglial cells and neuronal cells, we studied the expression profile of TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in JEV infected microglial cell line BV2 and Neuronal cell line Neuro 2A. For the present study, we developed the mouse model of encephalitis by intracerebral (IC) injection of JE virus for virus propagation, disease progression and damage study. Our results demonstrate the exaggerated release of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in invitro cell culture of microglial and Neuro 2A cell line, which are associated with bad outcome in invivo study.
Is it possible to predict the severity of acute appendicitis? Reliability of predictive models based on easily available blood variables
Authors: Afzal Barza , Cirocchi Roberto , Dawani Aruna , Desiderio Jacopo , Di Cintio Antonio , Di Nardo Domenico , Farinacci Federico , Fung James , Gemini Alessandro , Guerci Lorenzo , Kam Sen Yin Melina , Lakunina Svetlana , Madi Lee , Mazzetti Stefano , Nadyrshine Bakhtiar , Shams Ola , Ranucci Maria Chiara , Ricci Francesco , Sharmin Afroza , Trastulli Stefano , Yasin Tanzela , Bond-Smith Giles , Tebala Giovanni D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Recent evidence confirms that the treatment of acute appendicitis is not necessarily surgical, and selected patients with uncomplicated appendicitis can benefit from a non-operative management. Unfortunately, no cost-effective test has been proven to be able to effectively predict the degree of appendicular inflammation as yet, therefore, patient selection is too often left to the personal choice of the emergency surgeon. Our paper aims to clarify if basic and readily available blood tests can give reliable prognostic information to build up predictive models to help the decision-making process.

Methods
Clinical notes of 2275 patients who underwent an appendicectomy with a presumptive diagnosis of acute appendicitis were reviewed, taking into consideration basic preoperative blood tests and histology reports on the surgical specimens. Variables were compared with univariate and multivariate analysis, and predictive models were created.

Results
18.2% of patients had a negative appendicectomy, 9.6% had mucosal only inflammation, 53% had transmural inflammation and 19.2% had gangrenous appendicitis. A strong correlation was found between degree of inflammation and lymphocytes count and CRP/Albumin ratio, both at univariate and multivariate analysis. A predictive model to identify cases of gangrenous appendicitis was developed.

Conclusion
Low lymphocyte count and high CRP/Albumin ratio combined into a predictive model may have a role in the selection of patients who deserve appendicectomy instead of non-operative management of acute appendicitis.
Structural organization of the neuronal pathways of the superior ovarian nerve in the rat
Authors: Pastelin Cesar F. , Rivera-Castro María E. , Mirto-Aguilar Nancy , Moran Carolina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
In the rat, studies have shown that ovary innervation arrives via the superior ovarian nerve (SON) and the ovarian plexus nerve, which originates from the celiac plexus (CP). In the present study, we performed a neuroanatomical technique to investigate the anatomy of the SON between the ovary and the CP.

Results
We found that the SON fibers were concentrated on the lateral border of the suprarenal ganglion and projected towards, then inserted into the suspensory ligament. Then, it ran parallel to the long axis of the ligament to reach and innervate the ovaries. At this level, the SON was composed of two coiled nerve fibers, each between 10 and 15 µm in diameter. The SON was linked to three different ganglia: the suprarenal ganglia, the celiac ganglia, and the superior mesenteric ganglion.

Conclusions
The postganglionic fibers that project to the ovary via the SON emerge from the suprarenal ganglia. The trajectories on the right and left sides to each ovary are similar. The somas of ipsilateral and contralateral SON neurons are located in the prevertebral ganglia, mostly in the celiac ganglia.
Species richness of bat flies and their associations with host bats in a subtropical East Asian region
Authors: Poon Emily Shui Kei , Chen Guoling , Tsang Hiu Yu , Shek Chung Tong , Tsui Wing Chi , Zhao Huabin , Guénard Benoit , Sin Simon Yung Wa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the interactions between bat flies and host bats offer us fundamental insights into the coevolutionary and ecological processes in host-parasite relationships. Here, we investigated the identities, host specificity, and patterns of host association of bat flies in a subtropical region in East Asia, which is an understudied region for bat fly research.MethodsWe used both morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding to identify the bat fly species found on 11 cavernicolous bat species from five bat families inhabiting Hong Kong. We first determined the phylogenetic relationships among bat fly species. Then, we elucidated the patterns of bat-bat fly associations and calculated the host specificity of each bat fly species. Furthermore, we assembled the mitogenomes of three bat fly species from two families (Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) to contribute to the limited bat fly genetic resources available.ResultsWe examined 641 individuals of bat flies and found 20 species, of which many appeared to be new to science. Species of Nycteribiidae included fiveNycteribiaspp., threePenicillidiaspp., twoPhthiridiumspp., oneBasiliasp., and one species from a hitherto unknown genus, whereas Streblidae includedBrachytarsina amboinensis, threeRaymondiaspp., and four additionalBrachytarsinaspp. Our bat-bat fly association network shows that certain closely related bat flies within Nycteribiidae and Streblidae only parasitized host bat species that are phylogenetically more closely related. For example, congenerics ofRaymondiaonly parasitized hosts inRhinolophusandHipposideros, which are in two closely related families in Rhinolophoidea, but not other distantly related co-roosting species. A wide spectrum of host specificity of these bat fly species was also revealed, with some bat fly species being strictly monoxenous, e.g. nycteribiidNycteribiasp. A,Phthiridiumsp. A, and streblidRaymondiasp. A, while streblidB. amboinensisis polyxenous.ConclusionsThe bat fly diversity and specificity uncovered in this study have shed light on the complex bat-bat fly ecology in the region, but more bat-parasite association studies are still needed in East Asian regions like China as a huge number of unknown species likely exists. We highly recommend the use of DNA barcoding to support morphological identification to reveal accurate host-ectoparasite relationships for future studies.Graphical Abstract
Early marriage and marital satisfaction among young married men in rural Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Chauhan Shekhar , Sekher T. V. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Lack of reliable and valid scales of Indian origin prompt researchers to borrow the marital satisfaction scale developed in different settings. The lack of a reliable scale to understand marital satisfaction in India prompted us to examine the marital satisfaction among young married men using ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) Scale developed in the Western context. Assessing the reliability of the EMS scale on the rural population of Lalitpur and Shrawasti, Uttar Pradesh, India; this study examines the determinants of marital satisfaction among young married men.

Results
Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.936 confirms the high reliability of the EMS scale for the surveyed population in two districts of India. Men belonging to households with higher monthly income (OR- 3.33; 95% C.I. − 1.71–6.50) were more likely to be satisfied in their marriage than their counterparts. Similarly, fathers’, mothers’, and married men’s educational status were other important determinants of marital satisfaction. The study emphasizes the importance of family education as a strong predictor of marital satisfaction, and therefore policymakers may look into this aspect.
The inhomogeneous p-Laplacian equation with Neumann boundary conditions in the limit $p\to \infty $
Authors: Bungert Leon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate the limiting behavior of solutions to the inhomogeneousp-Laplacian equation$-\Delta _{p} u = \mu _{p}$−Δpu=μpsubject to Neumann boundary conditions. For right-hand sides, which are arbitrary signed measures, we show that solutions converge to a Kantorovich potential associated with the geodesic Wasserstein-1 distance. In the regular case with continuous right-hand sides, we characterize the limit as viscosity solution to an infinity Laplacian / eikonal type equation.
Primary headache types in adult epilepsy patients
Authors: Schiller Katharina , Rauchenzauner Markus , Avidgor Tamir , Hannan Sana , Lorenzen Carlo , Kaml Manuela , Walser Gerald , Unterberger Iris , Filippi Vera , Broessner Gregor , Luef Gerhard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Headache is among the most common comorbidities in epilepsy. This study examined the distribution of different primary headache disorders in a large cohort of patients with diagnosed epilepsy. Headache types were analysed with regard to gender, type of epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

Methods
In this prospective single-centre study, 500 patients with epilepsy (250 female, mean age: 45.52 ± 17.26 years) were evaluated with regards to primary headache types using a validated German headache questionnaire categorizing for migraine (MIG), tension-type headache (TTH) or trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TAC), their combinations and unclassifiable headache. Data regarding type of epilepsy, seizure-associated headache, AED treatment and seizure freedom were collected.

Results
Of 500 patients with epilepsy, 163 (32.6%) patients (108 female and 55 male) reported suffering from headaches at least 1 day per month. MIG (without aura, with aura) and TTH were the most frequent headache type (MIG 33.1%, TTH 33.1%). Female epilepsy patients reported headaches significantly more often than male patients (x2 = 8.20, p = 0.0042). In contrast, the type of epilepsy did not significantly affect headache distribution. Of 163 patients with headache, 66 (40.5%) patients reported seizure-associated headache and AEDs were used by 157 patients. Of importance, patients with AED monotherapy suffered from MIG less often when compared to patients on polytherapy (x2 = 4.79, p = 0.028).

Conclusion
MIG and TTH are the most common headache types in epilepsy patients and headache is more frequent among female epilepsy patients. Monotherapy in AEDs might have a beneficial effect on the frequency of headache compared to polytherapy.
Total auxin level in the soil–plant system as a modulating factor for the effectiveness of PGPR inocula: a review
Authors: Pantoja-Guerra Manuel , Valero-Valero Nelson , Ramírez Camilo A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiofertilizers are an alternative to face the sustainability problem that chemical fertilizers represent in agriculture. Among them, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a microbial group with high potential, but lack of reproducible results from their application is a bottleneck for its use in agricultural production. Here we highlight a factor that could partially explain this inconsistency: the total auxin level in the soil–plant system. Auxin production is recognized as a main mechanism for plant growth promotion by PGPR; however, the final effect of auxins depends on a fine balance of its content, and this will be a result of all the sources of auxin compounds in the system. In addition to the auxins produced by inoculated bacteria, the plant itself produces its own hormones as part of complex physiological processes, varying in amount and sensitivity. Also, soil organic matter displays like auxin activity, causing plant responses just like those produced by added auxins. Therefore, the inoculation of an auxin-producing PGPR on plants might cause a wide variety of responses, ranging from effective growth promotion to growth restriction, depending on the total auxin content in root tissue. We think this must be considered for the practical use of bacterial biofertilizers, in order to have better and more consistent results of inoculation.
Graphical Abstract
Lightweight underwater robot developed for archaeological surveys and excavations
Authors: Hotta Shohei , Mitsui Yusuke , Suka Mizuki , Sakagami Norimitsu , Kawamura Sadao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper reports the development of a lightweight remotely operated vehicle that performs underwater excavation work for archaeological surveys. Discovering underwater artifacts is generally difficult because they are in high risk areas and are often covered with sediment. To discover them, divers and large remotely operated vehicles must conduct excavation work with a manipulator(s). Nevertheless, accomplishing such tasks is difficult for small and portable underwater robots without a manipulator(s). As described herein, we developed a lightweight underwater robot of 35 kg that can remove sediment from the seabed or lake bottom using its thrusters instead of a manipulator. Numerous redundant thrusters are equipped with the robot to compensate the reaction force of the thrusters for sediment removal. Eight thrusters are arranged not only for sediment removal but also for fine maneuvering. First, through preliminary experiments, we investigated the potential use of a water flow generated using a pair of small marine thrusters to remove surface sediment. Next, we described the design and development of a lightweight underwater robot with eight thrusters and high-definition cameras for archaeological surveys. Finally, we conducted field experiments to demonstrate the sediment removal performance and usefulness of the developed robot.
Utilization of waste materials as a substitute for the sand drain in clayey soil
Authors: Aparna R. P. , Bindu J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe practice of pre-compression with sand drains is a widely accepted soil stabilization method for improving soft soil deposits. The scarcity of quality sand contributed to the substitution of a more cost-effective material. An effort was made in the present investigation to utilize waste products like quarry dust (QD), coir pith (CP), fly ash (FA), and rice husk ash (RHA) as the vertical drain in clayey soils. A sand drain (SD) has been used for comparison purposes. Kuttand Clay (KC) and Cochin marine clay (CMC) was selected for the study. Tests were conducted on conventional oedometer cells with a diameter of 6 cm and a height of 2 cm using vertical and radial consolidation models. In addition, this paper demonstrated the effect of the density of drain on radial consolidation characteristics. From the analysis, it was observed that the rate of consolidation increases with the inclusion of any drain material. The radial coefficient of consolidation using sand, quarry dust, and coir pith drain shows a higher value when comparing with the other drain material, which can be owing to their high permeability. The present study can recommend that the quarry dust and coir pith drain, or maybe the combination can be a better alternative for the sand drain.
The relationship between the orientation of the lateral decubitus position for spinal anesthesia and positioning pain in patients with a femoral neck fracture: randomized non-inferiority trial
Authors: Yoshida Keisuke , Hareyama Itaru , Noji Yoshie , Tanaka Shiori , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Inoue Satoki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To date, no clinical studies have investigated the relationship between positioning pain and orientation of the lateral decubitus position for hip fracture surgery. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that performing spinal anesthesia in the lateral decubitus position with the fracture side up or down does not affect positioning pain in patients with a femoral neck fracture.

Methods
This single-center, prospective, randomized non-inferiority trial examined 78 patients who received surgery for a femoral neck fracture under spinal anesthesia. By performing spinal anesthesia in the left lateral decubitus position in all patients, the positioning of the fracture up or down was randomized. Pain score during spinal anesthesia was evaluated objectively (0, calm; 1, facial grimacing; 2, moaning; 3, screaming; or 4, unable to proceed because of restlessness or agitation).

Results
The data from 66 patients (fracture side down [n = 35] and up [n = 31]) were analyzed. There were no significant differences between the fracture side down and fracture side up groups regarding the percentage of patients who were assessed to have intense pain (score ≥ 3) when changing position from the supine to lateral position (13/35 [37%] vs 12/31 [39%]; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] for the difference of the percentage of patients of intense pain between the groups − 25.0 to 2.2; p = 1.000).

Conclusions
There were no significant differences in the percentage of patients experiencing severe pain between the two groups. The 95% CI exceeded the preliminarily set a margin of inferiority of 20%; thus, the present study could not demonstrate the non-inferiority of the fractured side down group in terms of pain score.