bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing of a predictive risk index for persistent postsurgical pain on patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Palanne Riku , Rantasalo Mikko , Vakkuri Anne , Olkkola Klaus T. , Vahlberg Tero , Skants Noora 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated whether a universal predictive risk index for persistent postsurgical pain (PPP) is applicable to patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsIn this cohort study, 392 participants of a randomized study investigating the effects of anaesthesia methods and tourniquet use on TKA were divided into low‐, moderate‐, and high‐risk groups for PPP, as suggested in the previous risk index study. Patients reported pain using the Oxford Knee Score pain subscale and Brief Pain Inventory–short form preoperatively and 3 and 12 months postoperatively. We compared the pain scores of the low‐ to moderate‐ and high‐risk groups at respective time points and investigated changes in pain scores and the prevalence of PPP at 3 and 12 months after surgery.ResultsThe high‐risk group reported more pain 3 and 12 months after TKA than the low‐ to moderate‐risk group. However, of seven variables, only a single difference reached the threshold for minimal clinical importance between the groups at 12 months. Additionally, at 12 months, the low‐ to moderate‐risk group reported slightly worse improvements in three of seven pain variables than the high‐risk group. Depending on the definition, the prevalence of PPP ranged from 2% to 29% in the low‐ to moderate‐risk group and 4% to 41% in the high‐risk group 12 months postoperatively.ConclusionsAlthough the investigated risk index might predict clinically important differences in PPP between the risk groups at 3 months after TKA, it seems poorly applicable for predicting PPP at 12 months after TKA.SignificanceAlthough many risk factors for persistent postsurgical pain after total knee arthroplasty have been identified, predicting the risk of this pain has remained a challenge. Results of the current study suggest that accumulation of previously presented modifiable risk factors might be associated with increased postsurgical pain at 3 months, but not at 12 months after total knee arthroplasty.
A review on electrode and electrolyte for lithium ion batteries under low temperature
Authors: Li Yuxuan , Zheng Guoxu , Liu Guanzuo , Yuan Zhuo , Huang Xinzhe , Li Yinan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnder low temperature (LT) conditions (−80 °C∼0 °C), lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) may experience the formation of an extensive solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which can cause a series of detrimental effects such as Li+ deposition and irregular dendritic filament growth on the electrolyte surface. These issues ultimately lead to the degradation of the LT performance of LIBs. As a result, new electrode/electrolyte materials are necessary to address these challenges and enable the proper functioning of LIBs at LT. Given that most electrochemical reactions in lithium‐ion batteries occur at the electrode/electrolyte interface, finding solutions to mitigate the negative impact caused by SEI is crucial to improve the LT performance of LIBs. In this article, we analyze and summarize the recent studies on electrode and electrolyte materials for low temperature lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). These materials include both metallic materials like tin, manganese, and cobalt, as well as non‐metallic materials such as graphite and graphene. Modified materials, such as those with nano or alloying characteristics, generally exhibit better properties than raw materials. For instance, Sn nanowire‐Si nanoparticles (SiNPs−In‐SnNWs) and tin dioxide carbon nanotubes (SnO2@CNT) have faster Li+ transport rates and higher reversible capacity at LT. However, it′s important to note that when operating under LT, the electrolyte may solidify, leading to difficulty in Li+ transmission. The compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode can affect the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the stability of the electrode/electrolyte system. Therefore, a good electrode/electrolyte system is crucial for successful operation of LIBs at LT.
Polyoxometalate/carbon black modified glassy carbon electrode for the detection of dopamine
Authors: Liu Xiong , Zhong Cailing , Ji Jun , Yang Wei , Tian Zhengfang , Chen Yichang , Tian Qifeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDopamine (DA) is a crucial neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of human and multicellular animal brains. In this paper, we report for the first time the synthesis of carbon black (C)/phosphotungstic acid (PWA) composites by doping PWA on carbon black nanoparticles by impregnation method. The synthesized materials were characterized using high‐resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified by C/PWA composites were used to detect dopamine. The electrochemical redox behavior of DA was studied with cyclic voltammetry (CV). Under optimized conditions, DA was detected by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and the calibration plot showed linearity (R2=0.9988) over the range of DA concentrations of 10 μM‐600 μM with a detection limit of 0.1 μM. The sensor‘s capability to detect DA in commercial DA injections in real time has been successfully demonstrated.
EU PEACE funding: The policy implementation deficit
Authors: Knox Colin , O'Connor Karl , Ketola Markus , Carmichael Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article explores the intersection of policy implementation, conflict/peacebuilding, and the role of the EU PEACE program in Northern Ireland (NI). Conflict societies see a great investment of external funds, attempting to promote conflict resolution. Specifically, this article analyses the fourth wave of such funding in NI to examine why the EU PEACE program has not fully brought about its intended policy outcomes. Using Matland's conflict‐ambiguity model of policy implementation, we identify how EU funds can be skewed to support local political interests. Simultaneously, the EU PEACE program continues to adhere to strict implementation criteria that makes little sense given the local context. Therefore, contrary to its objectives, the implementation of EU funding can compound rather than ameliorate divisions in postconflict NI. Instead of prescribing strict implementation criteria, EU policy could focus on improving the administrative capacity and discretion of local administration in devising locally relevant implementation strategies.
Exploring the propagation of hydraulic fracture with nonuniform stress based on the block distinct element method
Authors: Jia Baoshan , Gao Hongye , Lei Yun , Zheng Yongxiang , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe stress field is a critical factor for fracture propagation in hydraulic fracturing. Attention should be paid to fracture propagation with the nonuniform stress field. A stress field with gradient was established to investigate the influence of the nononuniform stress on fracture propagation. Based on the three‐dimensional block distinct element model the fracture propagation law with nononuniform stress was obtained. The mechanism of stress gradient and magnitude of uneven fracture propagation was revealed. Aiming at the uneven propagation, the influence of elastic modulus and construction parameters was analyzed. The results show that the influence of the elastic modulus follows the χ2 distribution equation and the influence of construction parameters can be expressed by the product of the injection rate and fluid viscosity. This conclusion is of theoretical significance for fracturing with nonuniform in situ stress.
Supramolecular nanomedicines based on host–guest interactions of cyclodextrins
Authors: Tong Fan , Zhou Yang , Xu Yanyan , Chen Yuxiu , Yudintceva Natalia , Shevtsov Maxim , Gao Huile 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields, cyclodextrin (CD) is undoubtedly one of the most frequently used macrocyclic compounds as the host molecule because it has good biocompatibility and can increase the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of hydrophobic drug guests. In this review, we generalized the unique properties of CDs, CD‐related supramolecular nanocarriers, supramolecular controlled release systems, and targeting systems based on CDs, and introduced the paradigms of these nanomedicines. In addition, we also discussed the prospects and challenges of CD‐based supramolecular nanomedicines to facilitate the development and clinical translation of these nanomedicines.
The clinical relevance of excisional margins after large loop excision of the transformation zone for the persistence of cervical dysplasia
Authors: Reijntjes Bianca , Eising Manon , Kleppe Marjolein , Geuken Erwin , Woolderink Jorien M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveA new guideline on population‐screening cervical cytology was introduced to improve diagnosis and management of (pre‐)malignant cervical lesions. Subsequently, more colposcopies and more large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) were performed. There is little information about the relevance of positive margins for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after LLETZ. This study assesses the clinical relevance of margins on the presence of CIN.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 567 women who had undergone LLETZ due to cervical dysplasia between January 2017 and December 2019 in Martini Hospital Groningen were included. The primary outcome was the persistence of cervical dysplasia (Pap ≥2) in relation to excisional margins. A χ2 test was performed and hazard ratios with 95% confident intervals (CIs) were reported.ResultsAfter median follow‐up of 14 months, 9% (N = 28) with affected margins and 4% (N = 9) with clear margins had persistent cervical dysplasia (P = 0.044). Positive human papillomavirus (HPV) status was an independent risk factor (hazard ratio [HR] 8.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.19–19.22). Women with affected margins and of older age were less prone to clear HPV (P < 0.001).ConclusionWomen treated with LLETZ for cervical dysplasia show favorable long‐term outcomes, with low residual rate. High‐risk HPV combined with excisional margin status and age appears to be an adequate risk stratification and individualized management might be based on these factors.
The clot thickens: How to use viscoelastic testing in critical illness
Authors: Rech Megan A. , Gilbert Brian W. , Nei Scott , Garg Ravi , Brown Caitlin S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoagulopathy is common in critically ill patients and may result in complications such as bleeding or thromboembolic events. Viscoelastic testing (VET), including both thromboelastography (TEG®) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®), offers a benefit over conventional coagulation tests in that it provides a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the degree of coagulopathy, including the ability to measure fibrinolysis. This review is a “how‐to” primer for critical care pharmacists to interpret and utilize VET in practice across a spectrum of coagulopathies, including trauma and traumatic brain injury, neurologic injury and emergencies, cardiothoracic surgery, liver disease, and medication‐induced coagulopathy.
Self‐Reported Sleep Disturbances over the Menopausal Transition and Fracture Risk: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Cauley Jane A. , Kravitz Howard M. , Ruppert Kristine , Lian Yinjuan , Hall Martica J. , Harlow Sioban D. , Finkelstein Joel S. , Greendale Gail 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSleep disturbances are common and may impact fracture risk directly by influencing bone turnover or indirectly through shared risk factors or mediators. To investigate the association between self‐reported sleep disturbances across the menopausal transition (MT) and fractures, we prospectively studied 3101 women enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). At each of 14 study visits spaced approximately 18 months apart, a standardized validated scale ascertained trouble falling asleep, waking up several times during the night, and waking up earlier than planned. Two time‐varying exposures were modeled: presence of any of the three disturbances at least three times per week and waking up several times during the night at least three times per week. Base models adjusted for fixed (race/ethnicity, study site) and time‐varying characteristics (age, body mass index, and MT stage). Fully adjusted models also included time‐varying bone beneficial and detrimental medications, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, diabetes, depression and sleep medications, and depressive symptoms. Women who experienced a fracture were more likely to report a greater frequency of having trouble falling asleep, waking up several times, and/or waking up earlier: 35% versus 30% at baseline, p = 0.02. In the base models, women who had any of the three sleep disturbances at least three times per week had a higher risk of any fracture, odds ratio (OR) = 1.23 (95% confidence intervals, 1.02, 1.48) and nontraumatic fracture, OR = 1.36 (1.03, 1.80). These associations were largely attenuated to nonsignificance in the fully adjusted model. Sensitivity analyses limiting our sample to 2315 SWAN women enrolled in the bone mineral density (BMD) centers yielded similar results. Additional adjustment for femoral neck BMD had no effect on our results. In conclusion, self‐reported sleep disturbances were associated with an increased risk of fractures, but these associations likely reflect shared risk factors or factors in the causal pathway. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Urinary metabolomic biomarker candidates for skeletal muscle wasting in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Oliveira Marianne S. , Santo Rafaela C.E. , Silva Jordana M.S. , Alabarse Paulo V.G. , Brenol Claiton V. , Young Steve P. , Xavier Ricardo M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints, leading to chronic synovial inflammation and local tissue destruction. Extra‐articular manifestations may also occur, such as changes in body composition. Skeletal muscle wasting is often observed in patients with RA, but methods for assessing loss of muscle mass are expensive and not widely available. Metabolomic analysis has shown great potential for identifying changes in the metabolite profile of patients with autoimmune diseases. In this setting, urine metabolomic profiling in patients with RA may be a useful tool to identify skeletal muscle wasting.MethodsPatients aged 40–70 years with RA have been recruited according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria. Further, the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level (DAS28‐CRP) determined the disease activity. The muscle mass was measured by Dual X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) to generate the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) by summing the lean mass measurements for both arms and legs and dividing them by height squared (kg/height2). Finally, urine metabolomic analysis by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy was performed and the metabolomics data set analysed using the BAYESIL and MetaboAnalyst software packages. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) were applied to the 1H‐NMR data, followed by Spearman's correlation analysis. The combined receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was calculated, as well as the logistic regression analyses to establish a diagnostic model. The significance level at P < 0.05 was set for all analyses.ResultsThe total set of subjects investigated included 90 patients with RA. Most patients were women (86.7%), with a mean age of 56.5 ± 7.3 years old and a median DAS28‐CRP of 3.0 (IQR 1.0–3.0). Fifteen metabolites were identified in the urine samples with high variable importance in projection (VIP scores) by MetaboAnalyst. Of these, dimethylglycine (r = 0.205; P = 0.053), oxoisovalerate (r = −0.203; P = 0.055), and isobutyric acid (r = −0.249; P = 0.018) were significantly correlated with ALMI. Based on the low muscle mass (ALMI ≤6.0 kg/m2 for women and ≤8.1 kg/m2 for men) a diagnostic model have been established with dimethylglycine (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.65), oxoisovalerate (AUC = 0.49), and isobutyric acid (AUC = 0.83) with significant sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionsIsobutyric acid, oxoisovalerate, and dimethylglycine from urine samples were associated with low skeletal muscle mass in patients with RA. These findings suggest that this group of metabolites may be further tested as biomarkers for identification of skeletal muscle wasting.
Abandoning the word Caucasian
Authors: Tschirgi Matthew L. , Liaquat Khalida , Mahey Kumar Meenakshi , Wilson Kate L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTraditionally, the field of genetics has used patient‐reported genetic ancestry to assist in risk assessment, calculate detection rates, and understand residual risks for recessive or X‐linked genetic diseases. Patient‐reported genetic ancestry is useful for variant curation, based on practice guidelines from medical societies. Words used to describe a person's race, ethnicity, and genetic ancestry have changed over the last few centuries, especially in the last few decades. The origin and use of Caucasian to describe people of European ancestry have come into question. With recommendations from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), among other organizations, the medical and genetics communities are moving away from using this term altogether. The purpose of this article is to review the history of the word Caucasian and to provide evidence that it should be avoided when documenting genetic ancestry in medical records, laboratory forms, and medical research.
Levels of inflammatory markers are differentially expressed in sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait
Authors: Gomes Ingrid Cristiane Pereira , Magalhães Lucas Sousa , Bomfim Lays Gisele Santos , dos Santos Priscila Lima , Silva Roberto Jerônimo dos Santos , Cruz Maria Carollyne Passos , de Albuquerque Lindemberg Costa , Neves Victoria Haydée Deusdedith , de Oliveira Paula Gabriella Pereira Rosa , Carvalho Alessandro Freire , Silva Lucas Oliveira , Aragão Matheus Todt , Moura Tatiana Rodrigues , Cipolotti Rosana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough sickle cell anemia (SCA) is related to inflammation, the profile of inflammatory markers in sickle cell trait (SCT) is poorly studied. This is a cross‐sectional study of inflammatory biomarkers carried out involving adults with SCA in steady state, SCT and controls. The SCA group had higher levels of lactato dehydrogenase, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha than the others, while the SCT group had similar levels to control group. In addition, SCA group had lower IL‐8/IL‐10 and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1/IL‐10 ratios. These findings indicate that individuals with SCT do not have a chronic inflammatory profile and reinforce that cytokines are involved in the maintenance of the inflammatory state in SCA.
Diffusion‐Weighted MRI of the Liver in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease: A Comparative Study Between Different Fitting Approaches and Diffusion Models
Authors: Huang Jiqing , Leporq Benjamin , Hervieu Valérie , Dumortier Jérôme , Beuf Olivier , Ratiney Hélène 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundDiffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) has been considered for chronic liver disease (CLD) characterization. Grading of liver fibrosis is important for disease management.PurposeTo investigate the relationship between DWI's parameters and CLD‐related features (particularly regarding fibrosis assessment).Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsEighty‐five patients with CLD (age: 47.9 ± 15.5, 42.4% females).Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, spin echo‐echo planar imaging (SE‐EPI) with 12 b‐values (0–800 s/mm2).AssessmentSeveral models statistical models, stretched exponential model, and intravoxel incoherent motion were simulated. The corresponding parameters (Ds, σ, DDC, α, f, D, D*) were estimated on simulation and in vivo data using the nonlinear least squares (NLS), segmented NLS, and Bayesian methods. The fitting accuracy was analyzed on simulated Rician noised DWI. In vivo, the parameters were averaged from five central slices entire liver to compare correlations with histological features (inflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis). Then, the differences between mild (F0–F2) or severe (F3–F6) groups were compared respecting to statistics and classification. A total of 75.3% of patients used to build various classifiers (stratified split strategy and 10‐folders cross‐validation) and the remaining for testing.Statistical TestsMean squared error, mean average percentage error, spearman correlation, Mann–Whitney U‐test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIn simulation, the Bayesian method provided the most accurate parameters. In vivo, the highest negative significant correlation (Ds, steatosis: r = −0.46, D*, fibrosis: r = −0.24) and significant differences (Ds, σ, D*, f) were observed for Bayesian fitted parameters. Fibrosis classification was performed with an AUC of 0.92 (0.91 sensitivity and 0.70 specificity) with the aforementioned diffusion parameters based on the decision tree method.Data ConclusionThese results indicate that Bayesian fitted parameters may provide a noninvasive evaluation of fibrosis with decision tree.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 1
Predictive value of systemic inflammatory markers for recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Wang Guoqiang , Ma Yahui , Liu Yixiang , Fan Yuzhu , Miao Xiang , Zhang Yiqi , Zhu Hongbo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of differentiated thyroid cancer. Early identification of patients at higher risk of recurrence may allow to improve relevant follow‐up strategies and plan tailored treatment. Inflammation play an important role in the prognosis of cancer. We aimed to explore the predictive value of systemic inflammatory markers in PTC recurrence.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 200 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with PTC and underwent curative resection at Lianyungang Oriental Hospital between January 2006 and December 2018. Clinicopathological characteristics, preoperative hematologic results were analyzed. The optimal cutoff values were calculated using x‐tile software. The multivariate logistic regression and univariable survival analysis were performed by SPSS.ResultsMultivariable analysis showed that lymph node metastases (odds ratio [OR] = 2.506, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.226–5.119, p = 0.012) and higher monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (OR = 2.100, 95% CI: 1.042–4.233, p = 0.038) were independent prognostic factors for tumor recurrence. The cutoff value 0.22 of MLR significantly predicted recurrence at 53.3% sensitivity and 67.9% specificity. Patients with MLR ≥ 0.22 exhibited significantly poor long‐term prognosis (46.8%) compared to the counterpart (76.8%, p = 0.0004).ConclusionsPreoperative MLR significantly predicted PTC recurrence after curative resection, which may provide clues for early identification of patients at higher risk of PTC recurrence.