bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Aid Management of Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock Patients from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Liang , Zhang Ping , Hu Kunpeng , Zhang Zhigang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Threats from natural disasters, traffic accidents, violent conflicts and other public emergencies have increased the incidence of traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) patients from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Because of the high-altitude environment affects human physiological indicators, the first aid management measures for patients with THS may be different from those in low-altitude areas.However, there is no relevant first aid management guidelines have been issued.This study aims to analyze the first aid management measures of HTS patients from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and evaluate optimal treatment strategies.
Methods: By searching PubMed, Medline, Embase, CNKI, CBMdisc, VIP and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, searched from inception until July 19, 2022. And conducted a meta-analysis of non-controlled studies with sub-group analysis for first aid management measures. Mortality and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the patients were used as the final pooled statistics.
Results: Overall, 349 articles were identified, of which 13 relevant articles were identified following screening. First aid management measures of THS involve the 4 aspects: 1. oxygen supply, 2. hypothermia control, 3. blood circulation supplement, and 4. drug application. The mortality of patients with oxygen supply of 6-8L / min (Mortality 2%, 95%CI -0~5%) was lower than that of patients with oxygen supply of 4-6L / min (Mortality 16%, 95%CI 16~25%). The mortality of patients with hypothermia control (Mortality 3%, 95%CI 1~5%) was lower than that of patients with no hypothermia control (Mortality 11%, 95%CI 7~14%).
Conclusions: Optimal first aid management measures weren’t available in terms of blood circulation supplement and drug administration. High-flow oxygen supply and control have a positive effect on the first aid of THS patients from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Brain-gut-microbiota axis: effect of basil oil on the gut microbiota and its contribution to the anticonvulsant properties
Authors: Boamah Vivian Etsiapa , Ekuadzi Edmund , Mante Priscilla Kolibea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition that disrupts the normal functioning of the brain and it is characterized by seizures. Research suggests the involvement of the Brain-Gut-Microbiota axis in epilepsy. This study seeks to determine the role of the gut microbiota in the anticonvulsant effect of basil oil (BO) using antibiotic-depleted and altered mice against germ mice in PTZ induced seizure model. There has been ever growing interest to improve treatment outcome in epilepsy and also increase therapy options especially in the population of patients that do not attain seizure relief from available AEDs. According to research, gut microbiota can alter brain function and development and vice versa. This led to the study of the BGM axis and its involvement in neurological diseases such as epilepsy. Increasing evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota have effects on brain development and disrupting this delicate symbiotic balance existing between these two results in disease conditions. Also, the oil from Ocimum basilicum, BO has been proven scientifically to significantly block clonic seizures induced by PTZ and picrotoxin in seizure models.
Methods
The microbiota of mice were depleted or altered by administering cocktail antibiotics and individual antibiotics respectively. DNA was extracted from stool of mice and the 16S rRNA gene amplified in a quantitative RT-PCR. Amplicons were sequenced to determine the phylogenetic make-up of the bacteria involved. Metabolic profile of the serum and stool of mice were determined in a 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Results
Cocktail antibiotic pre-treatment significantly reversed the anticonvulsant effect of BO against frequency and duration of seizures but did not affect latency to seizure. The effect of BO in mice pre-treated with single antibiotics was lost against latency to seizures, frequency and duration compared to mice that received only BO. The phylogenetic make-up of antibiotic pre-treated groups showed distorted composition of the microbiota compared to the control group.
Conclusion
Depleted microbiota significantly reversed the anticonvulsant actions of BO. The concentrations of SCFAs in stool was higher than in serum. Administration of BO may not affect the distribution of microorganisms in the microbiota. The increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in groups with depleted microbiota may have enhanced the reversal of anticonvulsant actions of BO.
Effects of adherence in the drying of brewer’s spent grain with rotating equipment
Authors: Pinto Guilherme Henrique Alves , Freire Jose Teixeira , Freire Flávio Bentes , Saldarriaga Juan , Freire Fábio Bentes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is a biomass with a high lignocellulosic content that can be reused in thermal processes, however it has high moisture content, which avoids it from being used in these processes. Pretreatment by drying rotating equipment turns out to be a suitable alternative. This work studied the rotational drying of BSG analyzing the effects of adhesion of solids. To do this, a standard pan combined with an external blower was chosen as a rotary dryer due to the easy access to the bed and the inner surface of the dryer. In addition, this type of dryer made possible to determine the relationship between BSG moisture and adhesion force. Under the operating conditions of the experiments, the moisture content of BSG decreased from 80 to 8.6% (wb), making it possible for the biomass to be utilized in thermal processes. Moisture ratios higher than 0.6 led to greater adherence and consequent agglomeration of solids, reducing their mobility and heat transfer with the internal surface of the dryer. At the start of drying, the bed’s rotational speed rate of BSG was approximately 14 rpm, half of the maximum rate of 28 rpm, also the temperatures of the BSG and the inner wall of the tray were in equilibrium, showing that changes in biomass adhesion would take non-uniform drying.
Prevalence and estimation of the evolution of myopia in Spanish children
Authors: Sanchez-Tena Miguel Angel , Martinez-Perez Clara , Villa-Collar Cesar , González-Pérez Mariano , González-Abad Ana , Afflelou Alain , Alvarez-Peregrina Cristina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the myopia prevalence in Spanish children from five to seven years old over the last five years and to predict the rate of myopia in Spain by 2030.
Methods: The sample consisted of children aged between 5 and 7, who underwent an optometric examination consisting of the measurement of visual acuity (VA) and determination of objective and subjective refraction. In addition, they completed a lifestyle questionnaire. The cut-off points to define the refractive error are established according to the spherical equivalent (SE) value as hyperopia, for SE over +0.50D, myopia, for SE under -0.50D, or emmetropia, when the SE is between -0.50D and +0.50D.
Results: The myopia rate in Spanish children aged between five and seven was 19%. Myopia prevalence progressively increased as children grew up (p≤0.001). It is estimated that, in the year 2030, the rate of myopia will be 30.2% [CI: 25.3–35.0]. Of which 81.9% [CI: 78.3–85.3] will have low myopia, 10.0% [CI: 7.2–12.8] moderate myopia, and 7.3% [CI: 4.9–9.7] high myopia.
Conclusion: Nineteen percent of Spanish children between five and seven are myopes. In 2030 is expected that 30.2% of Spanish children between 5 and 7 years of age will be myopes. These estimations will support eye care professionals in recommending children spend more time outdoors to prevent the onset of myopia and the use of methods to control myopia to avoid reaching these figures of high myopia.
Evaluation of Single and Multiple Hyaluronic Acid Injections at Different Concentrations with High Molecular Weight in The Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: SAFALI Selim , ERTAS Erkan Sabri , CATAKLİ Deniz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis is severe progressive and most commonly diagnosed articular disease and its incidence is increasing around the world depending on age. This pathologic condition which limit daily activity of patients can be characterized by degeneration of cartilage and inflammation. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAII) agents and other analgesics are routinely used treatment options, the potential effects of intraarticular injections including hyaluronic acid have also been demonstrated by various studies. However, there are few studies that comparing efficacy of single high molecular weight (HMW) high dose and triple HMW low dose. This study aimed to compare efficacy of single high molecular weight (HMW) high dose (2 mL / 60 mg) and triple HMW low dose (2 mL /30 mg) intra-articular injection of HA in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients by evaluating function and pain parameters during a 12 months.
Methods
In this single-center, double-blind randomized clinical trial performed on 128 patients who randomly divided into two groups. Group I (n = 64) patients received 60 mg of HA injection with SEMICAL®. Group II (n = 64) patients received triple 30 mg of SEMICAL® HA injection. Lequesne Index, WOMAC and VAS scores were recorded to asses’ pain and function during 12 months.
Results
There was no significant difference characteristics of patient. Our results showed that WOMAC, VAS score values and Lequesne Index values of follow-up visits of patients were found lower with 30 mg of HA injection compared to the 60 mg of HA injection.
Conclusion
This study suggests that the triple low-dose injection of HMW HA is more effective in improving WOMAC, VAS scores and Lequesne Index values than a single high-dose injection.
Potential of cyclodextrins-based formulations in the control of the date moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Pyralidae)
Authors: Abada Maha Ben , Hamdi Soumaya Haoual , Soltani Abir , Boushih Emna , Fourmentin Sophie , Gerges Hélène Greige , Jemâa Jouda Mediouni Ben 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recently essential oils (EOs) encapsulation is experiencing growing applications in the agricultural and agri-food sector. Encapsulation is reported as safe environmental technology leading to a reduction of conventional insecticides use. This study concerns the assessment of fumigant toxicity and persistence of Rosmarinus officinalis EO encapsulated in two cyclodextrins β-CD and HP-β-CD against larvae of the date moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae. The retention capacity, encapsulation efficacy, loading capacity and release behavior of the two inclusion complexes were investigated. The results showed that the encapsulation efficiency of HP-β-CD (EE = 25.25%) was higher than that of β-CD (EE = 17.73%). Additionally, compared to crude EO, the in vitro release profile of the two inclusion complexes showed a slow and sustained release. (0.0009 and 0.0007 min− 1 for β-CD and HP-β-CD, respectively). After 30 days of exposure, the larval mortality rates for HP-β-CD/EO and β-CD/EO inclusion complexes were 40.38 and 53.85%, respectively. Furthermore, the half-life of HP-β-CD and β-CD/EO inclusion complexes (9.620 and 8.045 days) was significantly longer than that of the crude EO (5.245days). This study supports the use of cyclodextrins, mainly HP-β-CD, in the date industry for the control of insect pests.
Effect of methyl substitution on hydrogen bond structure of anthocyanin
Authors: Liu QiFan , Aizezi Nuerbiye , Abulimiti Bumaliya , Xiang Mei , Wumaierjiang Naipisai , Zhang ZhongXin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In nature, hydrogen bonding is a common physical occurrence that has a significant impact on the surroundings of anthocyanins. Water molecules will create hydrogen bonds with anthocyanin molecules in various configurations, but the characteristics of these hydrogen bonds will change. Varied hydrogen bonding characteristics have varied impacts on solvent solutions. This research analyzes the differences in hydrogen bonding qualities caused by different methyl structures, as well as the underlying explanations. In this study, the cyanidin (Cy) and peonidin (Pn) structures of anthocyanin molecules were calculated in various stable hydrogen bond configurations using density functional theory B3LYP/6-31G(d,p). combined with information from the Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) spectrum, Atoms In Molecules (AIM) analysis, interaction energy E, and intermolecular hydrogen bond length. Determine the hydrogen bond structure that is the most stable by analyzing it, as well as the effects of replacing the hydroxyl group with a methyl group and any potential underlying causes.
Lupus autoantibodies initiate a maladaptive equilibrium sustained by HMGB1:RAGE signaling and reversed by LAIR-1:C1q signaling
Authors: Diamond Betty 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a frequent manifestation of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), present in up to 80% of patients and leading to a diminished quality of life. We have developed a model of lupus-like cognitive impairment which is initiated when anti-DNA, anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) cross- reactive antibodies, which are present in 30% of SLE patients, penetrate the hippocampus1. This leads to immediate, self-limited excitotoxic death of CA1 pyramidal neurons followed by a significant loss of dendritic arborization in the remaining CA1 neurons and impaired spatial memory. Both microglia and C1q are required for dendritic loss. Here we show that this pattern of hippocampal injury creates a maladaptive equilibrium that is sustained for at least one year. It requires HMGB1 secretion by neurons to bind RAGE, a receptor for HMGB1 expressed on microglia, and leads to decreased expression of microglial LAIR-1, an inhibitory receptor for C1q. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril, which can restore a healthy equilibrium, microglial quiescence, and intact spatial memory, leads to upregulation of LAIR-1. This paradigm highlights HMGB1:RAGE and C1q:LAIR-1 interactions as pivotal pathways in the microglial–neuronal interplay that defines a physiologic versus a maladaptive equilibrium.
Development of Novel Nanoadsorbent from Azadirachta indica (Neem) Dead Bark for Removal of Organic Contaminants from Polluted Water: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Study
Authors: Mordhiya Bhanupriya , Sharma Rekha , Meena Parmeshwar Lal , Meena Pooja , Selwal Chetan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this study, the adsorption of cationic organic dye methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution was investigated using a nano-adsorbent (active carbon) made from the dead bark of Azadirachta indica (neem) by using FTIR, zeta-potential analysis, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, FESEM, BET, and TEM analytical tools, the synthesized nano adsorbent was evaluated for its characteristics. N2 sorption study confirms that the prepared adsorbent depicted a type IV isotherm with H3 type of hysteresis loop, which reveals the subsistence of the development of mesoporous material with a pore diameter in the 2–50 nm range. In the batch approach, the experimentations were run to equilibrium isotherm study. For the removal of the dye, the effects of variables, including contact time, pH, temperature, initial dye concentration, and adsorption dose, were investigated. In 80 min. of equilibrium time, 99.49% of MB dye at 30 mg/L of initial concentration was withdrawn at pH 11 with 30 mg of adsorbent. However, the % removal of dye was found to be declined to 90.62% on a rising initial concentration of 60 mg/L under similar conditions. The adsorption data was found to be appropriate to the Langmuir isotherm model, as confirmed by the correlation coefficient (R2) value (0.997), and the utmost adsorption competence was estimated to be 106.92 mg/g at 303 K. In addition, it was found that the removal process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics and intra-particle diffusion of MB dye molecules process is the controlling process but not a sole directing factor. The negative ΔG° and positive ΔH° decided the spontaneity and endothermic nature of adsorption practice, while the positive value entropy (ΔS°) reflected that adsorption of MB molecules favored an increment of disorderliness at the adsorbate-adsorbent interface.
Frequency of benign tumors after partial nephrectomy and the association between malignant tumor findings and preoperative clinical parameters
Authors: Lounová Veronika , Vladimír Jr. Št , Purová Dana , Hartmann Igor , Vidlář Aleš , Študent Vladimír 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Partial nephrctomy (PN) has become the dominant treatment modality for cT1 renal tumor lesions. Tumors suspected of malignant potential are indicated for surgery, but some are histologically classified as benign lesions after surgery. This study aims to analyze the number of benign findings after PN according to definitive histology and to evaluate whether there is an association between malignant tumor findings and individual factors.
Methods
The retrospective study included 555 patients who underwent open or robotic-assisted PN for a tumor in our clinic from January 2013 to December 2020. The cohort was divided into groups according to definitive tumor histology (malignant tumors vs. benign lesions). The association of factors (age, sex, tumor size, R.E.N.A.L.) with the malignant potential of the tumor was further evaluated.
Results
In total, 462 tumors were malignant (83%) and 93 benign (17%). Of the malignant tumors, 66% were clear-cell RCC, 12% papillary RCC, and 6% chromophobe RCC. The most common benign tumor was oncocytoma in 10% of patients, angiomyolipoma in 2%, and papillary adenoma in 1%. In univariate analysis, there was a higher risk of malignant tumor in males (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.36-3.36, p=0.001), a higher risk of malignancy in tumors larger than 20 mm (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.43-3.74, p<0.001), and a higher risk of malignancy in tumors evaluated by R E.N.A.L. as tumors of intermediate or high complexity (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.76-4.47, p < 0.001). In contrast, there was no association of older age with the risk of malignant renal tumor (p = 0.878).
Conclusions
In this group, 17% of tumors had benign histology. Male sex, tumor size greater than 20 mm, and intermediate or high R.E.N.A.L. complexity were statistically significant predictors of malignant tumor findings.
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of whitening toothpastes in buccal mucosal cells: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vladislavic Nada Zorica , Vladislavic Jasen , Franic Ivana , Tadin Antonija 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To assess genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of commercially available toothpastes with the different whitening ingredients.
Materials and Methods: In vivo assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of whitening toothpastes with different ingredients using a buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt assay) comprised 199 participants randomly divided into ten groups based on used whitening or control/conventional toothpaste. The exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were collected, stained and microscopically evaluated at baseline, 30 days and 60 days after the beginning of treatment, and 30 days after completing treatment: follow-up.
Results: The genotoxic parameters showed no biologically significant changes in any of the observed period for the tested toothpastes, while cytotoxic parameters (number of cells with karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) showed statistically significant difference (p>0.05) amongst evaluation periods for the three peroxide containing toothpaste.
Conclusions: Peroxide containing whitening toothpastes present significant increase of cytotoxicity (numbers of karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) during the application period only.
Clinical Significance: Whitening toothpaste show no genotoxic effect, while peroxide containing whitening toothpastes may present significant increase of cytotoxicity (numbers of karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) during application period. In clinical conditions, the obtained changes can’t be considered as significant.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04460755
Comparative evaluation of effect of Nisin incorporated ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and MTAD on endodontic biofilm eradication, smear layer removal and depth of sealer penetration.
Authors: Parayatum Dhruv Rao , Adimalapu Hima Sandeep , Manavalan Madhana Madhubala , Sekar Mahalaxmi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To comparatively evaluate the Nisin incorporated ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (N-EDTA) and MTAD on cytotoxicity, endodontic biofilm eradication potential, smear layer removal ability and sealer penetration depth.
Materials and methods
N-EDTA was prepared and characterized using High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Minimum Inhibitory, Minimum Bactericidal and Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration(MBC,MIC and MBIC) were determined. Cytocompatibility of N- EDTA and MTAD was evaluated using 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) based colorimetric assay. Dentin specimens (n = 88 for antibacterial analysis, n=170 for sealer penetration depth) were prepared and subjected to the classical irrigating strategy and obturation respectively. The scanning electron microscopic evaluation(SEM) was done for evaluation of biofilm disruption and smear layer removal. Confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) evaluation was done for determining percentage of bacterial viability and sealer penetration depth. Statistical analysis of One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc tests for bacterial viability, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann Whitney test for smear layer removal and depth of penetration were done with the significance level set at p<0.05.
Results
MTAD and N- EDTA showed cytocompatibility without any statistical difference each other. For N-EDTA, the MIC and MBC values were 12.5μg/ml (1:8) and MBIC values were 36 μg/ml. Biofilm disruption and killed bacterial percentage of N-EDTA was statistically higher than MTAD, whereas both the materials showed similar efficacy in the removal of smear layer and sealer penetration depth.
Conclusion
N-EDTA had negligible cytotoxicity with similar smear layer removal ability, sealer penetration and better antibiofilm potential than MTAD
Clinical relevance
N-EDTA can serve as a viable alternative endodontic irrigant.