bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Rates of International Code Violations: A Cross Sectional Study in one Region of Canada with Low Breastfeeding Rates
Authors: Barry Susan , Buckle Hannah , Newhook Leigh Anne Allwood , Roebothan Barbara , Howell Brittany , Gates Heather , Twells Laurie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Exposure to marketing and promotion of commercial milk formula is associated with an increased likelihood of formula-feeding. In 1981, the International Code (IC) of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes was adopted by the 34th World Health Assembly (WHA) to restrict the promotion, marketing and advertising of commercial milk formulas and to protect breastfeeding. The aim of the current study is to examine mothers’ exposure to violations of the IC in a province of Canada with low breastfeeding rates.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 119 participants completed an online survey including questions on IC violations related to marketing, advertising and promotion of commercial milk formula. Data were collected on type, frequency, and location of violation.
Results
The majority of participants (87.4%, n = 104/119) reported being exposed to at least one IC violation (95% CI 0.82, 0.93). Of the exposed group (n = 104): 94.2% of participants reported receiving coupons or discount codes for the purchase of commercial milk formula; 88.3% reported receiving free samples of commercial milk formula directly from infant formula manufacturers while 78.8% were directly contacted for advertising purposes by infant formula companies via email, text message, mail or phone. Almost one-third (n = 28/104, 27.2%) reported seeing commercial milk formula promotional materials in health care facilities. Doctors’ offices, supermarkets, and pharmacies were the most common place to view branding (79%, 75%, and 71%, respectively).
Conclusion
Most study participants were exposed to marketing of commercial milk formula. The most frequent violations provide evidence infant formula companies target and directly contact new mothers to provide unsolicited promotions and free samples of commercial milk formula.
Fabrication of Natural Fiber Mixed Natural Matrix Composite Infused Indoor Air Purifier with Health Impact Simulation
Authors: prasanthi phani , K Sivaji Babu , M Niranjan Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The inhalation of airborne particles can endanger the health of any human being. Natural fiber and natural fiber reinforced with natural matrix material are employed in this work to create an indoor air purifier. Various natural fiber and natural composite combinations are used to purify the interior environment by eliminating particulate matter of various sizes and volatile organic chemicals. An air purifier is created using four distinct natural fibers, including hemp, jute, silk cocoon, and coir fibers, as well as neem and alovera gel as natural filler materials. An air quality-monitoring instrument is used to validate the performance of the designed natural fiber/natural plant-based filler material-equipped air purifier. Particulate matter of various sizes and volatile organic compounds in the indoor environment are detected at various time intervals. The efficacy of the air purifier is afterwards determined in human lungs of various ages utilizing health impact simulation studies. The current product is utilized to effectively purify indoor air by eliminating particulates and volatile organic chemicals.
Identifying Acid Lakes and Associated Rock Exposure in Glacial Retreat Zones in the Peruvian Andes using Landsat 8 Imagery
Authors: Garcia Jorge L. , Huaman Yizet E. , Willems Bram L. , Loayza-Muro Raúl , Moreira-Turcq Patricia , Wadham Jemma L. , Macdonald Moya L. , Bustamante Angel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study presents an empirical method for identifying and monitoring acidic lakes impacted by acid rock drainage (ARD) processes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, using Landsat 8 images. ARD poses a threat to water security for downstream populations and has been associated with glacier retreat in various river catchments in the region. Previous research has linked water source acidification to the progressive exposure of the sulphide-rich Chicama Formation (Js-Chic), previously covered by perennial ice. However, traditional identification methods rely on labor-intensive ground-based field campaigns, limiting the scope of studies and hindering future predictions. Upon correlating the Landsat 8-derived pH proxies with the Js-Chic map, a higher Js-Chic exposure was observed near highly acidic lakes. Notably, Js-Chic exposure areas exceeding 60 hectares coincided with highly acidic lakes (pH < 4). We also analyzed glacial retreat in the study basins through a time series of the Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) from 1986 to 2019, finding greater glacial retreat in basins with acidic lakes. We also compared vegetation quality in these basins over the same period using the average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and observed higher vegetation quality in acidic-lake basins. We then developed a methodology to assess lake acidity based on the spectral signatures of 28 lakes in the Cordillera Blanca. These results suggest that a greater Js-Chic exposure area near a lake may indicate acidity. We applied this methodology on 267 lakes in the Cordillera Blanca and found 60 lakes to be highly acidic with a pH < 4 (22.5%), and 207 lakes (77.5%) with a pH > 4. However, these findings should be supplemented with more complex analyses, as there is currently limited in situ monitoring data on lake pH.
Bulk and Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal T cell-based diagnosis model and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Zhang Yuyuan , Zhang Haonan , Xu Hui , Ren Yuqing , Chen Quan , Luo Peng , Zhang Jian , Liu Zaoqu , Han Xinwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Considerable suspicious thyroid nodules still cannot be diagnosed after the preoperative fine needle aspiration, thereby novel diagnostic tools are imperative for clinical practice.Methods 884 thyroid cancer patients were enrolled from eight independent datasets and 29,561 cells were obtained from a single-cell RNA dataset. 20 published transcriptome signatures were retrieved.Results We comprehensively identified the significantly increased proportion of T cells in thyroid cancer via single-cell RNA analysis. Combined with the bulk expression data, 17 T cell-related genes were screened out. The thyroid diagnostic model (TDM), a consensus machine-learning-derived model, was determined and compared with 20 published transcriptome signatures. TMD displays stable and powerful performance with excellent AUCs in seven cohorts (1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 1.000, 0.926, 0.904). Notably, the high-risk group is typically featured by high-immune states and cell invasiveness. Besides, the tumor immune microenvironment characterized high-risk group with high infiltration of antigen presentation-related cells, increased expression of antigen presentation-related molecules, and some co-inhibitor molecules, indicating enhanced immune activation and sensitivity to immunotherapy.Conclusion TDM provided an attractive potential approach for identifying thyroid cancer at high risk in an early stage and deciphering its immune microenvironment to optimize clinical management for patients with thyroid cancer.
Effects of maize/soybean intercropping on rhizosphere soil phosphorus availability and microbial phosphorus cycling genes in Northwest China
Authors: Wang Wenmin , Yin Fating , Gu Jiacheng , Wang Zhen , Zhang Fenghua , Li Luhua , Cheng Zhibo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Maize/soybean intercropping is widely used as a vital practice to improve crop yields in northwest China. However, it is unknown how rhizosphere soil microbes regulate the P availability at the genetic level in maize/soybean intercropping.
Methods
We conducted an experiment to evaluate the effect of maize/soybean intercropping on rhizosphere soil P availability and P cycling functional genes using the BBP fractions and metagenomics methods. Soil samples were collected in the M, S, IM and IS.
Results
The SOC, TP, AP and PAC are improved in IM and IS. P fractions followed the order HCl-P > Citrate-P > Enzyme-P > CaCl2-P. The dominate soil microbial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes. PCA and NMDS indicated that soil microbial composition differed among treatments. The abundance of phoD, ppa, ppx and pstC upregulated in the IM, the random forest analysis showed that these genes have the highest explanation for AP, suggesting that the improved availability in IM may due to the upregulation of these genes. RDA analysis indicated that pH, SMBP significantly correlated with P fractions, indicating that pH and SMBP are important factors in influencing soil P bioavailability. Inorganic P solubilization, regulatory and transporter genes were correlated with soil pH, TP and ALP, suggesting they were the key factors affecting the expression of functional genes related to soil P cycling.
Conclusion
Maize/soybean intercropping can increase rhizosphere soil P bioavailability. Although there are relationships between soil AP and microbial genes (phoD, ppa, ppx,and pstC), soil properties are more crucial than genes in shaping soil P bioavailability.
Exploring the biorefinery potential of Acrocomia aculeata: A native Mexican palm for sustainable resource valorization
Authors: Aguilar-Aguilar Fidel Alejandro , Mena-Cervantes Violeta Y. , García-Solares Montserrat , Hernández-Altamirano Raúl 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The coyol (Acrocomia aculeata) is a native plant of Mexico that holds great potential as a crop due to its high fruit yield and relatively unexplored. This study aims to contribute significant insights into the physicochemical properties, macro, and micro composition of two Mexican coyol (Acrocomia aculeata) varieties from Veracruz and Chiapas and their potential integration into biorefinery processes. The results of this study indicate that the Acrocomia aculeata (Chiapas) crop could potentially yield approximately 6.49 to 23.09 tons per hectare of fruits. The kernel and mesocarp of the coyol fruit show promise as viable alternatives, with high yields of 5.81–11.34 tons/ha and 0.89–1.75 tons/ha, respectively, and an oil yield of 11.51 net tons/ha. Furthermore, the epicarp and mesocarp could perform as significant reserves of sustainable energy, containing substantial amounts of lignocellulosic material ranging from 2.58–5.05 tons/ha and 3.51–6.85 tons/ha, respectively. Consequently, the coyol fruit, including its mesocarp, kernel, epicarp, and kernel shell, presents an extraordinary potential as an energy source, for biofuel production, food-related activities, and as a chemical resource within the framework of the biorefinery concept. Continued exploration of this species in Mexico and America is encouraged due to its promising and sustainable nature, which can yield numerous long-term benefits.
Field validation of avian radar surveys: effects of differences in species and flock sizes on echoes
Authors: Kamata Taito , Sato Takahiro , Tateishi Koki , Koumura Kayo , Kawaguchi Yoichi , Sekijima Tsuneo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Radar is a powerful technology for surveys of avian movements. Validating the accuracy of radar detection is an essential step when establishing quantitative criteria for counting bird flocks. Previous studies on accuracy verification have focused on trajectory data after tracking echoes. However, as tracking algorithms differ among researchers, so radar detection performance has not been accurately validated. This study clarifies the positional and biological factors that influence the probability of detection (POD) and area (pixel size) of echoes on X-band marine radar. As positional factors, distance was found to have a negative effect on POD and pixel size, while elevation angle was a positive effect on POD. We confirmed that biological factors included species differences (body weight, wingspan, and soaring behavior) and waterfowl flock size. Body weight and flock size positively affected POD and pixel size. In predicting detection performance, the survey distance required to achieve 50% POD was 750 m or less for Grey-faced Buzzard Butastur indicus (0.4 kg), the lightest target species, but up to 1800 m for a pair of Bewick’s Swan Cygnus (columbianus) bewickii. This study contributes to establishing more relevant criteria when setting the range of radar surveys and tracking algorithms of echoes.
Perovskite single-pixel detector for dual-color metasurface imaging recognition in complex environment
Authors: Zheng Guoxing , Xiong Jiahao , Zhang Zhi-Hong , Li Zile , Zheng Peixia , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Xuan , Gao Zihan , Wei Zhipeng , Wang Shuangpeng , Liu Hongchao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Highly efficient multi-dimensional data storage and extraction are two primary ends for the design and fabrication of emerging optical materials. Although metasurfaces show great potential in information storage due to their modulation for different degrees of freedom of light, a compacted and efficient detector for relevant multi-dimensional data retrieval is still a challenge, especially in complex environments. Here, we demonstrate a multi-dimensional image storage and retrieval process by using a dual-color metasurface and a double-layer integrated perovskite single-pixel detector (DIP-SPD). Benefitting from the photoelectric response characteristics of the FAPbBr2.4I0.6 and FAPbI3 films and their stacked structure, our filter-free DIP-SPD can accurately reconstruct different colorful images stored in a metasurface within a single-round measurement, even in complex environments with scattering media or strong background noise. Our work not only provides a compacted, filter-free, and noise-robust detector for colorful images extraction in a metasurface, but also paves the way for color imaging application of perovskite-like bandgap tunable materials.
Inequality and Heterogeneity in Medical Resources for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Study in the Ethnic Minority Region of Southern China
Authors: Lin Yingying , Chen Guozhi , Lu HuaXiang , Qin RongFei , Jiang JinSheng , Tan WeiWei , Luo CaiBin , Chen Ming , Huang Qin , Huang LiangLiang , Ge Xianmin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
In recent years, medical interventional treatment for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been gradually introduced in medical institutions in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. However, the allocation of these medical resources has been uneven. This study describes the spatial allocation of medical resources for children with ASD in Guangxi, evaluates their supply and utilization, and expounds on their correlations with socioeconomic and demographic conditions.
Methods
This study was based on a special survey conducted from 2021 to 2022 by the Guangxi Disabled Rehabilitation Research Center. The number of medical institutions for children with ASD (MIIs), average number of ASD technicians per 10,000 target people (CTPP), and coverage rate of medical interventions (CMI) were set as dependent variables, while population density, proportion of town residents, total retail sales of consumer goods, disposable income per capita gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc), and number of enterprises above designated size were set as independent variables, all of which were included in the spatial statistical model. The main analysis methods was multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR).
Results
The allocation of MIIs (Moran's I = 0.119, p = 0.007), CTPP (Moran's I = 0.208, p = 0.017), and CMI (Moran's I = 0.251, p = 0.004) in Guangxi showed significant spatial autocorrelation. The medical resources formed high-value hot spots in major districts of core cities, while the medical resources were scarce in some remote ethnic minority counties and densely populated areas in southeastern Guangxi. MIIs showed significant spatial correlations with population density (EV=-0.225, p = 0.001), proportion of town residents (EV = 0.255, p = 0.002), total retail sales of consumer goods (EV = 0.806, p < 0.001), and disposable income per capita (EV=-0.267, p < 0.001). CTPP showed significant correlations with population density (EV = 0.211, p = 0.019), GDPpc (EV = 0.267, p = 0.002), total retail sales of consumer goods (EV = 0.382, p < 0.001), and number of enterprises above designated size (EV=-0.242, p = 0.005). CMI showed a significant association with proportion of town residents (EV = 0.415, p < 0.001), total retail sales of consumer goods (EV = 0.273, p = 0.006), and number of enterprises above designated size (EV=-0.236, p = 0.003).
Conclusions
The spatial allocation of medical resources for children with ASD in Guangxi is heterogeneous, and correlates varyingly with regional socioeconomic conditions as well as urbanization and demographic conditions.
Caspase-dependent apoptosis in Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency iPSCs and derived motor neurons
Authors: Moreno Sandra , Marioli Chiara , Muzzi Maurizio , Colasuonno Fiorella , Fiorucci Cristian , Cicolani Nicolò , Petrini Stefania , Bertini Enrico Silvio , Tartaglia Marco , Compagnucci Claudia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency (RTD) is a rare genetic, childhood-onset disease. This pathology has a relevant neurological involvement, being characterized by motor symptoms, ponto-bulbar paralysis and sensorineural deafness. Such clinical presentation is associated with muscle weakness and motor neuron (MN) degeneration, so that RTD is considered part of the MN disease spectrum. Based on previous findings demonstrating energy dysmetabolism and mitochondrial impairment in RTD induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived MNs, here we address the involvement of intrinsic apoptotic pathways in disease pathogenesis using these patient-specific in vitro models by combined ultrastructural and confocal analyses. We show impaired neuronal survival of RTD iPSCs and MNs. Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM) documents severe alterations in patients’ cells, including deranged mitochondrial ultrastructure, and altered plasma membrane and nuclear organization. Occurrence of aberrantly activated apoptosis is confirmed by immunofluorescence and TUNEL assays. Overall, our work provides evidence of a role played by mitochondrial dysfunction in RTD, and identifies neuronal apoptosis as a contributing event in disease pathogenesis, indicating intrinsic apoptosis pathways as possible relevant targets for more effective therapeutical approaches.
SII in combination with hsCRP predict the risk of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Zhou Fei , Qiu Hang , Zhu Wenjuan , Yao Jiaxin , Zhuang Mengting , Fei Sujuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the relationship between the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP)and the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in patients treated via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP), and to further analyze the predictive value of SII in combination with hsCRP for PEP.
Methods
The clinical data of patients treated with ERCP in our department from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Restricted cubic splines were used to determine the correlation between SII and hsCRP and the risk of PEP.Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting PEP.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of SII, hsCRP and their combined levels for PEP.
Results
Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that SII > 669.06×109/L and hsCRP > 13.94mg/dL were positively correlated with the incidence of PEP.The incidence of PEP increases with the development of inflammatory state.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SII combined with hsCRP was 0.819, which was higher than that of SII or hsCRP alone.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for PEP were female proportion,the maximum diameter of large choledochal stones, blood amylase measured three hours after surgery, and elevation of SII and hsCRP.
Conclusion
Within a specific range, elevated inflammatory markers SII and hsCRP are risk factors for developing PEP after ERCP.The combination of SII and hsCRP was more accurate in predicting the risk of PEP than either biomarker alone.
Data analysis at community level for optimizing the use of Praziquantel among communities requiring preventive chemotherapy in Senegal
Authors: Diop Boubacar , SYLLA Khadime , Kane NDèye MBacké , Boh Oumou Kaltoum , Guèye Babacar , Ba Mady , MANE Malang Mané , Kinvi Boniface , Zoure Honorat Gustave Marie , Ortega Jorge Cano , Mwinzi Pauline , Sacko Moussa , Faye Babacar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Over the past two decades, preventive chemotherapy (PC) with Praziquantel is the major strategy for controlling schistosomiasis in Senegal. This data analysis was aimed at updating the endemicity of schistosomiasis at community level for better targeting of mass treatment with Praziquantel in Senegal.
Methods
Demographic and epidemiological data from 1610 community health areas were analyzed using the WHO/AFRO schistosomiasis sub-district data optimization tool 2021. The tool appliease a WHO/AFRO decision tree for areas without epidemiological data to determine if mass tretaments should be continued at community level.
Results
Overall, the endemicity of the 1610 community health areas (CHA) were updated based on the data in JRSM form (40.5%) and the use of endemicity at implementation unit (IU) (33.5%). Up to 282 (17.5%) and 398 (24.7%) community health areas were classified as moderate and high endemicity. 41.1% of communities were non endemic. High endemicity was more important in Tambacounda, Saint Louis, Matam, Louga and Kedougou. A change in endemicity category was observed when data was disagregted from district level to community level. The number of implementation units classified as non endemic was higher at community level (n = 666) compared to district level (n = 324). Among 540 areas previously classified as high endemic by district level data aggregation, 392 (72.6%) remained high prevalence category, while 92 (17%) became moderate, 43 (8.0%) low and 13 (2.4%) non-endemics at community level. Number of IU requiring PC was more important at district level (1286) compared to community level (944). Number of SAC requiring treatment was also more important at district level compared to community level.
Conclusion
The analysis to disaggregate data from district level to community level using the WHO/AFRO schistoisomiasis sub-district data optimization tool has allowed to target schistisomiasis interventions, optimize use of available PZQ and exposed data gaps.