bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women Surgeons Who Contributed to the Development of Pediatric Otolaryngology in the United States
Authors: Koempel Jeffrey A , Don Debra M. , Scholes Melissa A. , Chan Kenny H. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveOur goal was to identify the early pioneering women surgeons in the United States who devoted their career or the majority of their practice to the care of otolaryngologic disorders in children. We sought to share their stories, recognize their contributions to the surgical subspecialty now known as pediatric otolaryngology, and acknowledge their vision and leadership.Data SourcesPrimary sources include books, published articles in the medical literature, newspaper articles, memorials/obituaries in both the medical literature and lay press, web logs, the John Q Adams Center for the History of Otolaryngology to include the Women in Otolaryngology, a number of otolaryngology departments, and children's hospitals nationwide. Interviews were conducted with former colleagues and senior pediatric otolaryngologists.Review MethodsFollowing review of all available information, women surgeons were included in this study if there was documentation of a clinical practice involving the otolaryngologic care of children in the United States before 1985 with demonstration of the education of others in this discipline.ResultsSix women surgeons were identified: Drs. Alice G Bryant, Margaret F. Butler, Ellen James Patterson, Emily Lois Van Loon, LaVonne Bernadene Bergstrom, and Joyce A. Schild.ConclusionSix pioneering women surgeons in the United States have been identified who devoted their practice to the care of otolaryngologic disorders in children and mentored or trained other health care providers. The stories of their lives, their contributions to the care of otolaryngologic disorders in children, and their work as mentors or educators have been described. Laryngoscope, 134:40–46, 2024
Environmental adaptations by the intertidal Antarctic cyanobacterium Halotia branconiiCENA392 as revealed using long‐read genome sequencing
Authors: Dextro Rafael B. , Delbaje Endrews , Freitas Paloma N. N. , Geraldes Vanessa , Pinto Ernani , Long Paul F. , Fiore Marli F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAntarctica poses numerous challenges to life such as cold shock, low nutrient concentrations, and periodic desiccation over a wide range of extreme temperatures. Cyanobacteria survive this harsh environment having evolved adaptive metabolic plasticity to become the dominant primary producers. The type strain cyanobacterium Halotia branconii CENA392 was isolated from an Antarctic intertidal seashore. The complete circular genome of this strain is presented herein, which was assembled using long‐sequence reads. The genome encoded some stress‐related genes associated with low‐temperature adaptation and biosynthesis of mycosporine‐like amino acid (MAA) photoprotective compounds. Empirical experimentation demonstrated constitutive production of the MAA porphyra‐334 and total carotenoids without exposure to low temperatures or ultraviolet radiation stress. Phylogenetic analysis provided insights on taxonomic placement and evolutionary history of some annotated genes. These data exemplify the importance of generating complete quality genome sequences of microorganisms isolated from extreme intertidal environments, facilitating in‐depth evaluation of ecological and taxonomic inferences.
Multiscale Relaxation Behavior of Amorphous Plasticized Poly(vinyl butyral)
Authors: Lv Changzhu , Guo Hang , Yang Erjie , Xu Chunlei , Yan Qi , Meng Lingpu , Li Liangbin , Cui Kunpeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs a key component in laminated glass, plasticized polyvinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer is a kind of impact‐resistant polymer material with high toughness. Recently, by using ultrasmall angle X‐ray scattering (USAXS) technique, Stretch‐induced phase‐separated structure on the scale of hundreds of nanometers formed in plasticized PVB for the first time is reported. In this work, the multiscale relaxation behavior of plasticized PVB is further investigated. The relaxation behavior of deformed plasticized PVB is studied from macroscopic stress, mesoscopic phase‐separated structure, and microscopic chain segment by combining USAXS, and birefringence with in situ stretching device. The contributions of chain segments and hydrogen bonding clusters for the multiscale relaxation behavior are discussed.
How do ESG activities affect corporate performance?
Authors: Kao Fang Chen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of a company's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities on its financial performance. The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused unexpected difficulties in the operations of most companies, leading to a significant deterioration in their financial performance. We use empirical analysis to examine whether a company's ESG activities affect its financial performance. We employ the context‐dependent data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to evaluate the performance and provide a benchmark‐learning roadmap for 27 photoelectric companies in Taiwan. We also compare the marketability, innovation ability, and profitability of three sub‐industries: camera modules, optical component lenses, and optical components. Furthermore, we utilize a combination of classical DEA, stratification DEA, measurement of attractiveness, and progress for company evaluation. The results indicate that validating sustainability reports has a positive information effect, and high‐quality Global Reporting Initiative‐based external third‐party confirmed reports possess relatively high credibility, readability, and information value. The content and quality of these reports have an impact on performance. These findings offer insights into the role of ESG activities in the photoelectric industry and can help managers reflect upon and justify their choice to invest in specific ESG activities. Therefore, this research highlights the importance of green operations for firms.
Assimilation of data from the MWHS‐II onboard the first early morning satellite FY‐3E into the CMA global 4D‐Var system
Authors: Xiao Hongyi , Han Wei , Zhang Peng , Bai Yihong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRadiance data from satellite microwave radiometers are becoming increasingly important in the assimilation of numerical prediction systems. FengYun‐3E (FY‐3E), which was launched in July 2021, as the first early morning orbital satellite among FY‐3 polar‐orbiting meteorological satellite series, can greatly enhance the atmospheric sounding capacity in three orbits compared with the two‐orbit system that is distributed in morning or afternoon orbit. Focusing on MicroWave Humidity Sounder‐2 (MWHS‐II) onboard it, the schemes for thinning, quality control, bias correction and observational error calculation are developed. The scan‐position‐dependent biases are assessed in each channel and increasing biases near the edges of scanline are found in several temperature‐sounding channels. The data quality is compared with four analogous instruments used in Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System–Global Forecast System (CMA_GFS), and the performance improvements are confirmed relative to the previous FY‐3C/D MWHS‐II. Three batch experiments were implemented in CMA_GFS with four‐dimensional variational (4D‐Var) system—assimilating only the humidity‐sounding channels, the temperature‐sounding channels and the combined channels—to reveal the impact of assimilation by different channel groupings. Analysis results conclude that FY‐3E MWHS‐II radiances are beneficial to the humidity and temperature analysis fields. These results emphasize the advantage of simultaneously assimilating the humidity/temperature‐sounding channels, in which the former dominates the improvement above 700 hPa while the latter have a positive impact below 700 hPa. The forecast results also show that assimilating both the 183‐ and 118‐GHz channels further improves the forecast skills, especially short‐ to medium‐term forecasts in both hemispheres. FY‐3E MWHS‐II also improves the short‐term prediction of heavy rain, which is always weakly predicted in global forecast systems. This study shows that a three polar orbits system that FY‐3E began can produce marked effects in the numerical prediction system. This study also shines light on the application potential of the distinctive 118‐GHz channels of MWHS‐II.
Creaky knees: Is there a reason for concern? A qualitative study of the perspectives of people with knee crepitus
Authors: Drum Elise E. , Kovats Alexandre , Jones Matthew D. , Dennis Sarah , Naylor Justine , Mills Kathryn , Thom Jeanette M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveCrepitus is a feature of osteoarthritis that may affect one's participation in exercise. An informed understanding is required of the perceptions that people have of their knee crepitus and how it affects their exercise behaviours. This study aims to investigate the role that crepitus may play in beliefs about exercise and knee health.MethodsFocus group and individual interviews were conducted online with participants who had knee crepitus. The transcripts were thematically analysed through an inductive approach.ResultsFive main themes were identified from 24 participants: (1) individual variation of, (2) occurrence of, (3) meaning of knee crepitus, (4) attitudes and exercise behaviours regarding crepitus, and (5) knowledge deficits and needs concerning crepitus during exercise. The variety of crepitus sounds described occurred with a range of exercises or after inactivity. For those already with osteoarthritis or other symptoms, crepitus was of less concern than symptoms such as pain. Most participants had not ceased exercise but may have modified movement due to crepitus and associated symptoms; some had increased intentional strength training to try alleviating it. Participants agreed that more understanding about the processes causing crepitus and what exercise was safe for knee health would be beneficial.ConclusionCrepitus does not appear to be a major cause of concern for people who experience it. However, it is a factor that influences exercise behaviours as is pain. If health professionals could guide people with concerns about their crepitus, they may be more confident in exercising to benefit their joint health.
Sex differences in the characteristics of stimulant offenders with a history of substance use disorder treatment
Authors: Kondo Ayumi , Shimane Takuya , Takahashi Masaru , Kobayashi Michiko , Otomo Marie , Takeshita Yoshiko , Matsumoto Toshihiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe analyzed the results of a nationwide questionnaire administered to 699 stimulant offenders and examined sex differences in the association between various psychosocial problems and treatment history for substance use disorder. Based on their attributes, we predominantly evaluated the treatment and support provided to women with substance use disorder. The rates of childhood (before the age of 18) traumatic experiences (physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and neglect) and lifetime intimate partner violence were significantly higher in women than in men. The history of treatment for substance use disorder was also significantly higher in women than in men, at 15.8% for men and 42.4% for women [χ2(1) = 41.223, p < 0.001]. Logistic regression analysis was performed using the treatment history of substance use disorder as the dependent variable. The results showed that treatment history was significantly associated with the total drug abuse screening test‐20 score and suicidal ideation in men and with survivors of child abuse and eating disorders in women. A comprehensive assessment is required for several issues, such as child abuse, domestic violence, trauma symptoms, eating disorders, and drug problems. Moreover, an integrated treatment for substance use disorder, trauma, and eating disorders is required for female stimulant offenders.
The effect of e‐cigarette taxes on pre‐pregnancy and prenatal smoking
Authors: Abouk Rahi , Adams Scott , Feng Bo , Maclean Johanna Catherine , Pesko Michael F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractE‐cigarette taxes are an active area of legislation and have important regulatory implications by proxying e‐cigarette accessibility. We examine the effect of e‐cigarette taxes on prepregnancy and prenatal smoking using the near‐universe of births to mothers conceiving between 2013 and 2019 in the United States. Using fixed effect regressions, we show that e‐cigarette taxes increase prepregnancy and prenatal smoking. We also find evidence that e‐cigarette taxes reduce prepregnancy and 3rd trimester e‐cigarette use. Finally, we show that e‐cigarette taxes increase news coverage of e‐cigarettes and raise perceptions of risk of e‐cigarettes.
New low‐temperature resistant shape memory elastomer: Ethylene‐octene copolymer/methyl vinyl silicone rubber composites
Authors: Ma Yuan , Li Yutao , Xia Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new series of thermoplastic elastomers were fabricated in this study employing ethylene‐octene copolymer (POE) and methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVQ) as the thermoplastic phase and the elastomeric phase, respectively. The effect of POE/MVQ blending ratios on the vulcanization, mechanical, and thermal properties, cold resistance, shape memory properties, and hydrophobicity of the thermoplastic composites was investigated. Moreover, specific properties such as low‐temperature impact (LTI), shape memory and hydrophobicity properties exhibited by the POE/MVQ thermoplastic composites were studied in detail. The results indicated that the POE/MVQ composites exhibited remarkable mechanical properties and LTI strength. With the MVQ content reaching 10 phr, their tensile strength reached 30.07 MPa, significantly higher than that of pure POE. Regarding shape memory properties, the shape fixing ratio and the shape recovery ratio were 97.6% and 94.3%, respectively, at the MVQ content of 40 phr.
In vivo activity of the dual SYK/FLT3 inhibitor TAK‐659 against pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenografts
Authors: Hughes Keira , Evans Kathryn , Earley Eric J. , Smith Christopher M. , Erickson Stephen W. , Stearns Tim , Philip Vivek M. , Neuhauser Steven B. , Chuang Jeffrey H. , Jocoy Emily L. , Bult Carol J. , Teicher Beverly A. , Smith Malcolm A. , Lock Richard B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) experience close to a 90% likelihood of cure, the outcome for certain high‐risk pediatric ALL subtypes remains dismal. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a prominent cytosolic nonreceptor tyrosine kinase in pediatric B‐lineage ALL (B‐ALL). Activating mutations or overexpression of Fms‐related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) are associated with poor outcome in hematological malignancies. TAK‐659 (mivavotinib) is a dual SYK/FLT3 reversible inhibitor, which has been clinically evaluated in several other hematological malignancies. Here, we investigate the in vivo efficacy of TAK‐659 against pediatric ALL patient‐derived xenografts (PDXs).MethodsSYK and FLT3 mRNA expression was quantified by RNA‐seq. PDX engraftment and drug responses in NSG mice were evaluated by enumerating the proportion of human CD45+ cells (%huCD45+) in the peripheral blood. TAK‐659 was administered per oral at 60 mg/kg daily for 21 days. Events were defined as %huCD45+ ≥ 25%. In addition, mice were humanely killed to assess leukemia infiltration in the spleen and bone marrow (BM). Drug efficacy was assessed by event‐free survival and stringent objective response measures.ResultsFLT3 and SYK mRNA expression was significantly higher in B‐lineage compared with T‐lineage PDXs. TAK‐659 was well tolerated and significantly prolonged the time to event in six out of eight PDXs tested. However, only one PDX achieved an objective response. The minimum mean %huCD45+ was significantly reduced in five out of eight PDXs in TAK‐659‐treated mice compared with vehicle controls.ConclusionsTAK‐659 exhibited low to moderate single‐agent in vivo activity against pediatric ALL PDXs representative of diverse subtypes.
Comparative analysis of hydrothermal properties of ramie fiber‐reinforced phenolic resin and ramie fiber‐reinforced unsaturated polyester composites
Authors: Wang Anni , Yin Peng , Liu Xiaogang , Xian Guijun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRamie fiber‐reinforced polymer (RFRP) composites are widely used in various fields owing to their environmental friendliness and cost efficiency. To understand the influence of different resin matrices on the mechanical properties and durability of RFRP composites under the same conditions and obtain better performance, ramie fiber‐reinforced phenolic resin (RFRPR) composites and ramie fiber‐reinforced unsaturated polyester (RFRUP) composites produced through compression molding were studied under hydrothermal conditions of 60°C with 50%, 85%, and 98% relative humidity for 3 months. The water absorption, tensile, flexural, and short‐beam shear properties were studied. The RFRPR composite had better flexural strength and short‐beam strength than the RFRUP composite. The saturated water absorption, water molecule diffusion coefficient, and retention rate of the RFRUP composite were higher than those of the RFRPR composite owing to the difference in the interfacial adhesion properties. The erosion of water molecules led to serious deterioration in the interfacial bonding performance of the RFRPR composite. It was found that the greater the humidity, the greater was the degree of interfacial degradation. This study lays the foundation for the further promotion and application of RFRP composites.
Toward understanding the crystallization behavior of polypropylene‐based nanocomposites: Effect of ethylene–octene copolymer and nanoclay localization
Authors: Tarashi Sara , Nazockdast Hossein , Karbalaei‐Bagher Milad , Rostami Amir , Mehranpour Milad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe crystallization properties of polypropylene (PP), a widely used polymer in industry, can be modified to overcome its mechanical limitations. In the current work, we investigated the effect of ethylene octene copolymer (EOC), blend morphology, nanoclay loading, nano‐localization, and component ratios on PP/EOC crystallization behavior in various aspects, including crystallization rate, degree of crystallinity, nucleation state, and crystalline phases. The results revealed that adding EOC with varying ratios can decrease PP crystallinity both in degree and rate due to the partial miscibility of components through grafting. Furthermore, it was found that the effect of the nanoclay on the crystallization behavior of PP is dependent on the nanoclay loading and its localization in the blend. The nanoclay, therefore, served as a nucleation agent at low nanoparticle contents, accelerating the crystallization rate regardless of the blend's microstructure. However, the crystallization rate of the blend samples at high nanoclay contents (above the rheological percolation threshold) was strongly influenced by the type of morphology. Accordingly, high nanoclay concentrations in blends with matrix‐dispersed morphologies reduced crystallization rates (increasing half‐time from 164 to 216 and 186 s), primarily because PP chains slowed down due to their interactions with nanoparticles and nanoclay hindrance. In contrast, in a blend with a co‐continues‐type morphology, the crystallization rates increased (decreasing half‐time from 624 to 270 and 236 s) due to nano‐localization at the interface and morphology transformation to the matrix‐dispersed one. The blends and nanocomposites based on PP/EOC were also investigated to determine the relationship between the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties.
Cardanol derivatives as compatibilizers for strengthening and toughening polylactic acid/bamboo fiber bio‐composites
Authors: Song Xinyu , Zhang Caili , Yang Yang , Yang Fan , Weng Yunxuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe application of bamboo fibers (BFs) as a reinforcing filler in polylactic acid (PLA) is hindered by their poor compatibility owing to the intrinsic hydrophilia of BFs and the hydrophobicity of PLA. To solve this issue, cardanol (CD) and epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether (ECGE) were used as compatibilizers to strengthen and toughen PLA/BF bio‐composites, to the best of our knowledge, preparing PLA/BF/CD and PLA/BF/ECGE bio‐composites. The impact strengths of the synthesized bio‐composites increased from 7.75 to 23.75 and 7.75 to 23.95 kJ/m2, respectively, compared with that of a PLA/BF composite without compatibilizer. The investigation of the mechanical properties, crystallization, fractured surface morphology, and solvent stress‐cracking resistance properties revealed that the toughening mechanism of the PLA/BF/CD bio‐composites are mainly based on the plasticization of CD, which results in high impact toughness but low tensile strength. Moreover, the modification with ECGE improves the impact and tensile strengths of the bio‐composite owing to the following factors: (1) the epoxy groups of ECGE generate strong interactions with the BF surface and PLA to form an enhanced interfacial structure; (2) when present at high concentrations, chain extension reaction between ECGE and PLA to increase the molecular chain entanglement of PLA; and (3) upon curing and crosslinking, ECGE forms an entangled network structure that toughens the matrix.
Prenatal testing for imprinting disorders: A laboratory perspective
Authors: Beygo Jasmin , Russo Silvia , Tannorella Pierpaola , Santen Gijs W. E. , Dufke Andreas , Schlaich Elia , Eggermann Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImprinting Disorders (ImpDis) are a group of congenital syndromes associated with up to four different types of molecular disturbances affecting the monoallelic and parent‐of‐origin specific expression of genomically imprinted genes. Though each ImpDis is characterized by aberrations at a distinct genetic site and a specific set of postnatal clinical signs, there is a broad overlap between several of them. In particular, the prenatal features of ImpDis are non‐specific. Therefore, the decision on the appropriate molecular testing strategy is difficult. A further molecular characteristic of ImpDis is (epi)genetic mosaicism, which makes prenatal testing for ImpDis challenging. Accordingly, sampling and diagnostic workup has to consider the methodological limitations. Furthermore, the prediction of the clinical outcome of a pregnancy can be difficult. False‐negative results can occur, and therefore fetal imaging should be the diagnostic tool on which decisions on the management of the pregnancy should be based. In summary, the decision for molecular prenatal testing for ImpDis should be based on close exchanges between clinicians, geneticists, and the families before the initiation of the test. These discussions should weigh the chances and challenges of the prenatal test, with focus on the need of the family.
Where flexibility meets precision
Authors: Rimgaila Lukas , Bartulevičius Tadas , Andriukaitis Deividas , Stankevič Valdemar , Vyšniauskas Arnas , Rohm Oliver 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of ultrafast lasers with higher functionality as a result of recent advances in the study of light‐matter interaction has revolutionized the micromachining of materials with greater accuracy and a smaller heat‐affected zone. The popularity of femtosecond lasers in industry has furthered enhancements to their flexibility and efficiency, including different methods of operation such as in the FemtoLux 30, enabling new techniques in material processing.
Ultrashort‐pulse lasers help to observe more
Authors: van Mourik Frank , Groot Marloes , Prochnow Oliver 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe choice of femtosecond lasers for use in multiphoton microscopy is not trivial. It is a fine balance between peak power, pulse energy and laser wavelength. In this white paper we discuss important laser parameters and the impact these have on the quality of the results.