bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uniparental and biparental markers unravel invasion pathways, population admixture, and genetic structure in naturalized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Benavente Javiera N. , Véliz David , Quezada‐Romegialli Claudio , Gomez‐Uchida Daniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present study combined uniparental mtDNA and biparental SNPs to illuminate the invasion and colonization pathways of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, one of the world's most widespread invasive fishes, that has been intensively propagated in Chile, South America. The specific aims of the study were (i) to evaluate potential donor populations, which could be either from the species' native range in North America or from introduced populations in Europe, by comparing mtDNA D‐loop/control region haplotypes; and (ii) to assess the factors that have shaped genetic diversity and contemporary genetic structure of rainbow trout populations introduced to Chile through SNP genotyping. The authors comprehensively sampled 24 sites in 12 basins ranging from the High Andean Plateau (Altiplano, 18° S) to northern Patagonia (41° S). Results of the mtDNA data of naturalized trout populations from rivers in the Altiplano (northern Chile) differed from those collected in central and southern Chile, suggesting an origin from North American hatcheries. Naturalized trout populations in central and southern Chile, on the contrary, shared haplotypes with specimens found in European hatcheries. The southern and central Chile populations also contained rare haplotypes, possibly indicating potential spread through aquaculture escapes. Results of the SNP analysis revealed higher allelic richness for trout sampled in sites influenced by commercial aquaculture than sites without commercial aquaculture, likely due to increased admixture between aquaculture broodstock and naturalized trout. The analysis further uncovered some complex patterns of divergent trout populations with low genetic diversity as well as increased relatedness between individuals from isolated sites, suggesting possible local populations. A comprehensive characterization of genetic diversity and structure of rainbow trout should help identify management areas that may augment socioeconomic benefits while preventing the spread and further impacts on biodiversity.
Development of a droplet digital PCR assay for the sensitive detection of iridovirus in Andrias davidianus
Authors: Meng Yan , Jiang Nan , Xie Yixing , Wei Ying , Wang Cheng , Tian Mingzhu , Xue Mingyang , Xu Chen , Li Yiqun , Liu Wenzhi , Fan Yuding , Zhou Yong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChinese giant salamander iridovirus (GSIV) is the first known and causative viral pathogen in Andrias davidianus. Developing a sensitive, accurate and specific assay to detect GSIV in samples is essential to prevent the further spread of the pathogen. In this study, we established a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay that targeted the mcp gene of GSIV, enabling rapid and quantitative detection of the virus. We determined that the optimal annealing temperature, primer concentration and probe concentration were 57.1°C, 50 nM and 500 nM, respectively. We analysed the specificity and sensitivity of the ddPCR assay and found that five common aquatic animal viruses, including Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2), infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), Koi herpesvirus (KHV) and Carp Edema Virus (CEV) displayed negative results based on this GSIV ddPCR assay. The assay can detect GSIV with the lowest detection limit of 3.7 copies per reaction. To evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of the ddPCR assay, we tested different infected tissue samples with both the ddPCR and TaqMan real‐time PCR assays. Our results showed that the ddPCR assay detected GSIV in all samples with 100% positivity, while the TaqMan real‐time PCR assay detected GSIV in only 82.1% of samples. The established ddPCR method provided several advantages in detecting GISV, including high sensitivity, high precision and absolute quantification, making it a powerful tool for detection of possible and potential GSIV infection, even in samples with low viral load.
Development of bacterial inactivation model and evaluation of shelf life extension of Littopenaeus vannamei using blue LED illumination
Authors: Udayasoorian Lalithapriya , Peter Mariajenita , Venkatachalapathy Renuka , Ramachandran Palpandi Raja , Muthusamy Sukumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPacific white shrimps pre‐inoculated with bacterial culture were subjected to blue LED illumination at 4°C and 15°C. Mathematical modeling of bacterial inactivation from 0 to 48 h of illumination revealed that Hom and Weibull model represent the best fit. Shelf life analysis of shrimps illuminated with 1075.68 J/cm2 (I1), 2151.36 J/cm2 (I2), 3227.04 J/cm2 (I3), 4302.72 J/cm2 (I4) dosages at 4°C revealed that reduced counts for pH, trimethylamine, hypoxanthine, total plate count, psychrotrophic bacterial count and weight loss % were observed in I4 samples, whereas TBARS, color and texture were retained better in I1 and I2 samples. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) revealed that lower internal component change percentage of 7.35 and 14.85 was observed in I1 and I2 samples. Microscopic examination of shrimp muscle disclosed increased disintegration of myofibrillar structures in I4 and I3 samples. Illumination dosage ≤2200 J/cm2 extended the shrimp shelf life to 45 days at 4°C and 15 days at 15°C without changing the quality.Practical ApplicationThe demand for quality seafood products and concern for the safety aspects leads to the development of innovative preservation method. The impact of blue LED illumination on L. vannamei shrimps depicted significant increase shelf‐life and retention of quality parameters. Inactivation kinetics of LED illumination on shrimps depicted that Weibull and HOM model resulted best fit based on the R2 and AIC values helps in process scale‐up and operation at industrial level. Successful implementation of these illumination system as a processing equipment or in cold supply chain transport vessels will help the exporters to reduce the losses and conventional processing cost. It can also be employed in portable refrigerators, freezer boxes, storage shelves and ware houses with slight modifications in designs aspects to extend the shelflife of the seafood without losing its organoleptic properties. Further, it aids in effective export performance and extended distribution of shrimps in domestic market.
Family‐systems interventions for families of people with an intellectual disability or who are autistic: a systematic review
Authors: Sutherland D. , Flynn S. , Kurzeja O. , Griffin J. , Hastings R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundFamily‐systems interventions have been proposed as one way of supporting families of people with an intellectual disability (ID) or who are autistic. This systematic review aimed to summarise what family‐systems interventions have been studied with this population, what evidence there is for their effectiveness and families' experiences of the interventions.MethodsThe review was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42022297516). We searched five electronic databases, identified 6908 records and screened 72 full texts. Study quality was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and a narrative synthesis was used.ResultsWe identified 13 eligible articles with 292 participating families. Most studies reported positive effects of the interventions on wellbeing and family relationships, and families reported positive experiences. However, research quality was poor and there are no any sufficiently powered randomised controlled trials demonstrating family‐systems interventions' effectiveness for this population.ConclusionsThere is a need for higher‐quality research to establish whether family‐systems interventions are beneficial for families of people who have an ID or who are autistic.
Family farmers' strategies to develop autonomy through agroecological and solidarity economy practices: The case of BioVida in the Ecuadorian Andes
Authors: Villalba‐Eguiluz Unai , Latorre Sara , Jiménez Jhonny 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConsidering the global restructuring affecting agrarian landscapes, we build on the concept of autonomy proposed by van der Ploeg and colleagues (but extended and critically complemented) to analyse how family farmers can build this autonomy to face rural capitalist tendencies and maintain their activities and identity. We offer insights from a case study in the Ecuadorian Andes, the BioVida organization that is linked to agroecological and social and solidarity economy movements. Our findings show that family farming autonomy is not being achieved homogeneously for the whole household but must be analysed through an intersectional approach. Furthermore, there are simultaneous processes to achieve different degrees of autonomy and (inter‐)dependency, which are co‐constitutive along gender and age lines and are conditioned by structural constraints. Therefore, for our case study area, agribusiness and family farming processes and spaces seem to operate co‐constitutively rather than antagonistically in practical terms. Agroecology‐based achievements so far act as a localized buffer against adversity rather than an emancipative territorial project of autonomy.
Occupational interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Spagnolo Paolo , Ryerson Christopher J. , Guler Sabina , Feary Johanna , Churg Andrew , Fontenot Andrew P. , Piciucchi Sara , Udwadia Zarir , Corte Tamera J. , Wuyts Wim A. , Johannson Kerri A. , Cottin Vincent 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMillions of workers are exposed to substances known to cause occupational interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), particularly in developing countries. However, the burden of the disease is likely to be underestimated due to under‐recognition, under‐reporting or both. The diagnosis of occupational ILD requires a high level of suspicion and a thorough occupational history, as occupational and non‐occupational ILDs may be clinically, functionally and radiologically indistinguishable, leading to delayed diagnosis and inappropriate management. A potential occupational aetiology should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of ILD, as removal from the workplace exposure, with or without treatment, is a key therapeutic intervention and may lead to significant improvement. In this article, we provide an overview of the ‘traditional’ inorganic dust‐related ILDs but also address idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and the immunologically mediated chronic beryllium disease, sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, with emphasis on the importance of surveillance and prevention for reducing the burden of these conditions. To this end, health‐care professionals should be specifically trained about the importance of occupational exposures as a potential cause of ILD.
Improper crop rotation may enrich soil‐borne pathogens of Panax notoginseng
Authors: Yang Yun , Wei Fugang , Li Zecheng , Han Fei , Guan Huilin , Huang Jingxing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoil‐borne diseases are the main cause of yield reduction of Panax notoginseng (Sanqi), and are mainly caused by the enrichment of pathogenic fungi during continuous cropping. In the Wenshan district of Yunnan province, China, where Sanqi is widely cultivated, the rotation of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) crops with Sanqi crops is assumed to help reduce occurrences of rot in Sanqi roots. However, in a field investigation, we found that this practice actually increased incidences of root rot in Sanqi crops. Using fennel plants obtained from the cropping system, we tested the hypothesis that fennel crops enriched communities of pathogenic fungi of Sanqi. We isolated six endophytic fungi from the roots of fennel plants and identified these based on their morphological characteristics and a sequencing analysis. The isolates were identified as Fusarium oxysporum (FV‐1‐R‐1, FV‐2‐R‐1), Alternaria alternata (FV‐3‐R‐1, FV‐14‐R‐1), Pyricularia grisea (FV‐8‐R‐1) and Colletotrichum truncatum (FV‐11‐R‐4). In a series of inoculation experiments, we verified the pathogenicity of these fungi to Sanqi based on Koch's postulates, and demonstrated that all isolates caused root rot in Sanqi. Our results suggest that fennel is an inappropriate crop choice for rotation with Sanqi because it may serve as an intermediate host for the pathogenic fungi that cause root rot in Sanqi, and thereby exacerbate crop diseases. Our empirical findings provide useful information for enhancing the cultivation of Sanqi and the practice of crop rotation.
Dried porcine soluble benefits to increase fish meal replacement with soy protein concentrate in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea diet
Authors: Chen Zimo , Ibrahim Umar Bashir , Yu Anlan , Wang Li , Wang Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effect of dried porcine soluble (DPS) supplementation on replacement of dietary fish meal with soy protein concentrate (SPC) for large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea, was assessed in a feeding trial conducted in inshore net pens. Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were tested. A basal diet (BD) contained 400 g/kg fish meal, and SPC was used as an alternative ingredient to replace 40% (F24) and 60% (F16) of the fish meal in BD at an equal protein basis. DPS was added at 5 g/kg in F24 (FD24) and F16 (FD16). Fish weighing 33.6 ± 7.4 g were fed with the test diets in 1.5 × 1.5 × 2 m net pens for 9 weeks. The fish meal replacement level significantly affected weight gain, feed conversion ratio, phosphorus retention efficiency, body phosphorus content, and ratio of fish meal consumption to fish production (RCP), while the DPS supplementation level significantly affected weight gain. The weight gain of fish fed FD24 was higher than that of fish fed F16, while no significant difference was found in weight gain between fish fed BD and fish fed FD24, F24, FD16 and F16. The feed cost, RCP and phosphorus waste of fish fed BD were higher than those of fish fed FD24, F24, FD16 and F16. Fish fed FD24 exhibited the best production performance, and the production performance of fish fed F24 and FD16 was close to that of fish fed BD. The present study indicates that the fish meal level in large yellow croaker diet could be lowered to 240 g/kg with SPC alone as a fish meal substitute, and could be further reduced to 160 g/kg by supplementation of 5 g/kg DPS. Therefore, DPS supplementation can benefit to increase fish meal replacement with SPC in large yellow croaker diet.
Reassessment of dietary protein and lipid requirements for large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea, reared in net pens
Authors: Chen Zimo , Yu Anlan , Wang Li , Lei Mingtao , Li Peng , Wang Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAt present, large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea, a carnivorous fish ranked fifth in aquaculture production among marine finfishes in the world, still relies on raw fish diet because formulated feed alone is not able to sustain rapid growth of the fish. The present study evaluated growth, feed utilization efficiency, body composition and antioxidant capacity of large yellow croaker fed diets containing four protein (430, 460, 490 and 520 g/kg) and three lipid (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) levels. Fish weighing 11.4 ± 2.8 g were fed with the test diets in net pens for 8 weeks. Final body weight and nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE) were dependent on dietary protein and lipid levels and their interaction. Weight gain, body protein content, serum catalase (CAT) activity and liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity were dependent on dietary protein and lipid levels. Phosphorus retention efficiency was dependent on dietary protein level and interaction between protein and lipid levels. Hepatosomatic index, body lipid and energy contents, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH‐Px in serum, and CAT activity and malondialdehyde content in liver were dependent on dietary lipid level. The final body weight and weight gain of fish fed at 490 g/kg protein level did not significantly differ from those fed at 520 g/kg protein level. The final body weight, weight gain and NRE of fish fed at 90 g/kg lipid level were higher than those fed at 60 g/kg lipid level, but did not significantly differ from those fed at 120 g/kg lipid level. The maximum weight gain occurred in fish fed the diets either containing 520 g/kg protein or 90 g/kg lipid. The body lipid content, as well as SOD and GSH‐Px activities in serum, were higher in fish fed the diets with 90 and 120 g/kg lipid compared to fish fed the diets with 60 g/kg lipid. The present study reveals that the optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for large yellow croaker reared in net pens were 490–520 g/kg and 90 g/kg, respectively.
No time to die: Evolution of a post‐reproductive life stage
Authors: Monaghan P. , Ivimey‐Cook E. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn some species, permanent curtailment of reproduction part‐way through the lifespan of adult females is a feature of their evolved life history. The existence of such a post‐reproductive life stage is apparently rare; reasonably robust evidence for this is confined to only six species (humans, Asian elephants and four whales). That it occurs at all appears to contradict our view of natural selection operating to maximize fitness and special circumstances must exist to explain its occurrence. We evaluate the main hypotheses posited to explain the evolution of this life stage, why it occurs in a restricted group of animals, and why only in females. We bring together literature from multiple biological disciplines and levels of enquiry, ranging through evolutionary ecology, developmental biology, physiology, neuroscience, molecular biology, and human medicine. We conclude that while time‐limited fertility is not in itself adaptive, the duration of subsequent survival is likely to be linked to inclusive fitness benefits. We present a new hypothesis which posits that the duration of female fertility in certain long‐lived, highly encephalised species, with no post‐natal oogenesis, is limited by the need for intense screening of oocyte mitochondria. This is required to support endothermy coupled with the very high energy requirement for the development and maintenance of the exceptionally large brain size required for complex social living. This limits the number and shelf‐life of oocytes, creating an antagonistically pleotropic effect that is beneficial to the production of high performing offspring but carries the later life cost of time‐limited female fertility. But the end of the fertile period is no time to die. Inclusive fitness benefits arising from protracted parental care of offspring, overlapping generations, and kin group structures means that continued survival of post‐reproductive females is favoured by selection. We suggest further lines of research to test these ideas.
miR‐21‐5p promotes NASH‐related hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro M. , Afonso Marta B. , Simão André L. , Islam Tawhidul , Gaspar Maria M. , O'Rourke Colm J. , Lewinska Monika , Andersen Jesper B. , Arretxe Enara , Alonso Cristina , Santos‐Laso Álvaro , Izquierdo‐Sanchez Laura , Jimenez‐Agüero Raúl , Eizaguirre Emma , Bujanda Luis , Pareja Maria J. , Prip‐Buus Carina , Banales Jesus M. , Rodrigues Cecília M. P. , Castro Rui E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe mechanisms governing the progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) towards steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive. Here, we evaluated the role of hsa‐miRNA‐21‐5p in NASH‐related hepatocarcinogenesis.MethodsHepatic hsa‐miR‐21‐5p expression was evaluated in two cohorts of patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD (n = 199) or HCC (n = 366 HCC and n = 11 NAFLD‐HCC). Serum/liver metabolomic profiles were correlated with hsa‐miR‐21‐5p in NAFLD obese patients. Wild‐type (WT) and Mir21 KO mice were fed a choline‐deficient, amino acid‐defined (CDAA) diet for 32 and 66 weeks to induce NASH and NASH‐HCC, respectively.ResultsIn obese individuals, hsa‐miR‐21‐5p expression increased with NAFLD severity and associated with a hepatic lipotoxic profile. CDAA‐fed WT mice displayed increased hepatic mmu‐miR‐21‐5p levels and progressively developed NASH and fibrosis, with livers presenting macroscopically discernible pre‐neoplastic nodules, hyperplastic foci and deregulated cancer‐related pathways. Mir21 KO mice exhibited peroxisome‐proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα) activation, augmented mitochondrial activity, reduced liver injury and NAS below the threshold for NASH diagnosis, with the pro‐inflammatory/fibrogenic milieu reversing to baseline levels. In parallel, Mir21 KO mice displayed reduced number of pre‐neoplastic nodules, hepatocyte proliferation and activation of oncogenic signalling, being protected from NASH‐associated carcinogenesis. The hsa‐miRNA‐21‐5p/PPARα pathway was similarly deregulated in patients with HCC‐ or NASH‐related HCC, correlating with HCC markers and worse prognosis.ConclusionsHsa‐miR‐21‐5p is a key inducer of whole‐spectrum NAFLD progression, from simple steatosis to NASH and NASH‐associated carcinogenesis. The inhibition of hsa‐miR‐21‐5p, leading to a pro‐metabolic profile, might constitute an appealing therapeutic approach to ameliorate NASH and prevent progression towards HCC.
Petrology and mineralogy of volcanic glass in meteorite Northwest Africa 11801: Implications for their petrogenesis
Authors: Chen Guozhu , Xia Zhipeng , Miao Bingkui , Wang Zilong , Tian Wei , Zhang Yikai , Liu Hao , Zhang Chuangtong , Xie Lanfang , Peng Yanhua , Chen Hongyi , Wang Xi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study of lunar magma evolution holds significant importance within the scientific community due to its relevance in understanding the Moon's thermal and geological history. However, the intricate task of unraveling the history of early volcanic activity on the Moon is hindered by the high flux of impactors, which have substantially changed the morphology of pristine volcanic constructs. In this study, we focus on a unique volcanic glass found in the lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 11801. This kind of volcanic glass is bead‐like in shape and compositionally similar to the Apollo‐14 and Apollo‐17 very low‐Ti glass. Our research approach involves conducting a comprehensive analysis of the petrology and mineralogy of the volcanic glass, coupled with multiple thermodynamic modeling techniques. Through the investigation, we aim to shed light on the petrological characteristics and evolutionary history of the glass. The results indicate that the primitive magma of the glass was created at 1398–1436°C and 8.3–11.9 kbar (166–238 km) from an olivine+orthopyroxene mantle source region. Then, the magma ascended toward the surface along a non‐adiabatic path with an ascent rate of ~40 m s−1 or 0.2 MPa s−1. During the magma ascent, only olivine crystallized and the onset of magma eruption occurred at ~1320–1343°C. Finally, the glass cooled rapidly on the lunar surface with a cooling rate ranging between 20 and 200 K min−1. Considerable evidence from petrology, mineralogy, cooling rate, and the eruption rate of the glass beads strongly supports the occurrence of ancient explosive volcanism on the Moon.