bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power effect on the properties of copper nitride films as solar absorber deposited in pure nitrogen atmosphere
Authors: Rodríguez‐Tapiador María Isabel , Merino Jesús , Jawhari Tariq , Muñoz‐Rosas Ana Luz , Bertomeu Joan , Fernández Susana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, copper nitride (Cu3N) is of great interest as a new solar absorber material, flexible and lightweight thin film solar cells. This material is a metastable semiconductor, nontoxic, composed of earth‐abundant elements, and its band gap energy can be easily tunable in the range 1.4–1.8 eV. For this reason, it has been proposed for many applications in the solar energy conversion field. The main aim of this work is to evaluate the properties of the Cu3N thin films fabricated by reactive radio‐frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering at different RF power values to determine its potential as light absorber. The Cu3N films were fabricated at room temperature from a Cu metallic target at the RF power ranged from 25 to 200 W onto different substrates (silicon and glass). The pure nitrogen flux was set to 20 sccm, and the working pressures were set to 3.5 Pa and 5 Pa. The X‐ray diffraction results showed a transition from (100) to (111) preferred orientations when RF power increased; the atomic force microscopy images revealed a granular morphology, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectra exhibited the characteristics peaks related to Cu–N bonds, which became narrower when the RF power increased. Finally, to stablish the suitability of these films as absorber, the band gap energy was calculated from transmission spectra.
Impact of land surface processes on convection over West Africa in convection‐permitting ensemble forecasts: A case study using the MOGREPS ensemble
Authors: Semeena Valiyaveetil Shamsudheen , Klein Cornelia , Taylor Christopher M. , Webster Stuart 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoil moisture (SM) affects weather through its impact on surface flux partitioning, influencing vertical atmospheric profiles and circulations driven by differential surface heating. In West Africa, observational studies point to a dominant negative SM‐precipitation feedback, where dry soils help to initiate and maintain convection. In this context, serious concerns exist about the ability of models with parameterised convection to simulate this observed sensitivity of daytime convection to SM. Here, we evaluate the effect of initial SM perturbations in a short‐range ensemble forecast over West Africa, comparing the UK Met Office Global and Regional Ensemble Prediction System (MOGREPS) with parameterised convection (GLOB‐ENS) to its regional convection‐permitting counterpart (CP‐ENS). Results from both models suggest SM perturbations introduce considerable spread into daytime evaporative fraction (EF) and near‐surface temperatures. This spread is still evident on Day 3 of the forecast. Both models also show a tendency to increased afternoon rainfall frequency over negative EF anomalies, reproducing the observed feedback. However, this effect is more pronounced in CP‐ENS than GLOB‐ENS, which illustrates the potential for process‐based forecast improvements at convection‐permitting scales. Finally, we identify persistent biases in rainfall caused by land cover mapping issues in the operational GLOB‐ENS setup, emphasising the need for careful evaluation of different mapping strategies for land cover.
Autistic characteristics and mental health symptoms in autistic youth during the first COVID‐19 wave in Canada
Authors: Turner Kailyn M. , Weiss Jonathan A. , Howe Stephanie J. , Sanguino Hangsel , Kerns Connor M. , Ames Megan E. , McMorris Carly A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAutistic youth are at heightened risk for mental health issues, and pandemic‐related stressors may exacerbate this risk. This study (1) described caregiver‐reported youth mental health prior to and during the pandemic; and (2) explored individual, caregiver, and environmental factors associated with changes in autistic characteristics, social–emotional symptoms, and overall mental health. 582 caregivers of autistic children (2–18 years old) completed an online survey between June and July 2020 in which they provided demographic information, their child's pre‐COVID and current mental health, autistic characteristics, and social–emotional symptoms. Caregivers also rated their own perceived stress, and COVID‐related household and service disruption. According to caregivers, youth experienced more autistic characteristics and social–emotional concerns during the pandemic. Autistic youth were also reported to experience poorer overall mental health during the pandemic than before the pandemic. Older youth whose caregiver's indicated higher perceived stress and greater household disruption were reported to experience more autistic traits during pandemic. Caregiver‐reported increases in youth social–emotional symptoms (i.e., behavior problems, anxiety, and low mood) was associated with being older, the presence of a pre‐existing mental health condition, higher caregiver stress, and greater household and service disruption. Finally, experiencing less household financial hardship prior to COVID‐19, absence of a pre‐existing psychiatric condition, less caregiver stress, and less service disruption were associated with better youth pandemic mental health. Strategies to support the autistic community during and following the pandemic need to be developed. The developmental‐ecological factors identified in this study could help target support strategies to those autistic youth who are most vulnerable to mental health problems.
Autologous fat grafting to the paravertebral space seems to prevent the postherpetic neuralgia—A single‐arm pilot study
Authors: Li Xiujuan , Tao Ran , Meng Xiaoyan , Sun Li , Wang Han , Sun Yuanyuan , Bi Hongda , Xiong Yuanchang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPostherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common complications of Herpes zoster (HZ), yet the mechanism and the treatment for PHN remains elusive. We first performed this feasibility study to verify the safety and efficiency of autologous fat grafting into the paravertebral space in early HZ to prevent PHN.MethodsPatients suffering from HZ with a rash in chest, back, or abdomen were arranged for autologous fat grafting to the paravertebral space. The primary endpoint was the incidence of PHN, which was defined as persistence pain in the affected dermal area in 12 weeks after fat grafting. Secondary endpoints including patient‐reported changes in pain intensity, assessed pain threshold and the quality of life during follow‐ups.ResultsEight patients accept the intervention and completed all follow‐ups. Most patients report immediate pain relief after injection, one patient has a mild to moderate dizzy symptom after injection. No other short‐ or long‐term adverse events occurred. For primary outcome, all patients have a timely reduced pain intensity, with no PHN events occurred, as all patients report pain intensity ≤3 in the VAS scale in 3 months after treatment. For electrical pain threshold, we identify that fat grafting differentially increases sensation and pain threshold in HZ area and healthy skin of patients. Besides, our results indicate significant improvement in patients’ life quality decrease in analgesic consumption.DiscussionAutologous fat transplantation to the paravertebral space is a safe and feasible technique in preventing PHN from HZ in a rash. Further randomized controlled trial to investigate the actual long‐term benefice of autologous fat grafting to the paravertebral space in preventing PHN is needed.Trial registrationChiCTR, (ChiCTR1900025416); registered August 26, 2019.
White matter hyperintensities had a correlation with the cerebral perfusion level, but no correlation with the severity of large vessel stenosis in the anterior circulation
Authors: Feng Fanfan , Kan Weihao , Yang Hongchao , Ding Hongmei , Wang Xiaolong , Dong Ruiguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe contribution of large vessel stenosis to the development of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to explore the correlation between ipsilateral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and the severity of large vessel stenosis in the anterior circulation and cerebral perfusion level, as well as analyze the factors influencing WMHs.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of 150 patients with unilateral anterior circulation large vessel stenosis of ≥50% was conducted. The severity of ipsilateral WMHs was assessed by Fazekas scale on T2‐weighted image and/or fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging, vascular stenosis severity was evaluated on computed tomography angiography images, and the level of cerebral perfusion was rated according to a staging system for abnormal cerebral perfusion based on CTP results. The relationships between the stenosis severity, cerebral perfusion level and ipsilateral WMHs severity were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors independently influencing WMHs.ResultsAmong 150 patients (mean age, 63.12 ± 10.55 years), there was a statistically significant positive correlation between cerebral perfusion level and the severity of DWMHs and PWMHs (Gamma = 0.561, p < .001; Gamma = 0.600, p < .001), and a positive correlation between cerebral perfusion level and the severity of vascular stenosis (Gamma = 0.495, p < .001).While, there was no statistically significant correlation between the severity of vascular stenosis and the severity of DWMHs and PWMHs (Gamma = 0.188, p = .08; Gamma = 0.196, p = .06). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results demonstrated that age (OR = 1.047, 95% CI 1.003–1.093; p = .035), stroke/TIA history (OR = 2.880, 95% CI 1.154–7.190; p = .023) and stage II of cerebral perfusion (OR = 2.880, 95% CI 1.154–7.190; p = .023) were independent influencing factors on ipsilateral DWMHs. Age (OR = 1.051, 95% CI 1.009–1.094; p = .018), and stage II of cerebral perfusion (OR = 12.871, 95% CI 3.576‐46.322; p < .001) were factors independently influencing ipsilateral PWMHs.ConclusionWhite matter hyperintensities may be attributed to cerebral hypoperfusion secondary to vascular stenosis but not directly to the severity of stenosis in the large vessels of anterior circulation. Moreover, longitudinal studies with sequential imaging exams may further reveal the impact of cerebral perfusion secondary to vascular stenosis on the development and progression of WMHs.
Using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy to measure prefrontal cortex activity during dual‐task walking and navigated walking: A feasibility study
Authors: Kvist Alexander , Bezuidenhout Lucian , Johansson Hanna , Albrecht Franziska , Ekman Urban , Conradsson David Moulaee , Franzén Erika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhile functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can provide insight into motor‐cognitive deficits during ecologically valid gait conditions, the feasibility of using fNIRS during complex walking remains unknown. We tested the process and scientific feasibility of using an fNIRS device to measure cortical activity during complex walking tasks consisting of straight walking and navigated walking under single and dual‐task (DT) conditions.MethodsNineteen healthy people from 18 to 64 years (mean age: 45.7 years) participated in this study which consisted of three complex walking protocols: (i) straight walking, DT walking (walking while performing an auditory Stroop task) and single‐task auditory Stroop, (ii) straight and navigated walking, and (iii) navigated walking and navigated DT walking. A rest condition (standing still) was also included in each protocol. Process feasibility outcomes included evaluation of the test procedures and participant experience during and after each protocol. Scientific feasibility outcomes included signal quality measures, and the ability to measure changes in concentration of deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex.ResultsAll participants were able to complete the three protocols with most agreeing that the equipment was comfortable (57.9%) and that the testing duration was adequate (73.7%). Most participants did not feel tired (94.7%) with some experiencing pain (42.1%) during the protocols. The signal qualities were high for each protocol. Compared to the rest condition, there was an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex when performing dual‐task walking and navigation.ConclusionWe showed that our experimental setup was feasible for assessing activity in the prefrontal cortex with fNIRS during complex walking. The experimental setup was deemed acceptable and practicable. Signal quality was good during complex walking conditions and findings suggest that the different tasks elicit a differential brain activity, supporting scientific feasibility.
RNA sequencing of myeloid sarcoma, shed light on myeloid sarcoma stratification
Authors: Yang Yunfan , Shu Yang , Tang Yuan , Zhao Sha , Jia Yongqian , Ji Jie , Ma Hongbing , Lin Ting , Zheng Ke , Xu Heng , Wu Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMyeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare, extramedullary tumor consisting of myeloid blasts. Little is known about the genetic background of MS and the prognostic value of genetic abnormalities in MS. In particular, the broad variety of gene fusions that occur in MS is marginally covered by traditional testing methods due to lack of fresh tumor specimens.MethodsHere, we analyzed the clinical and genetic features of 61 MS cases. We performed RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) or fresh samples to analyze fusion genes in 26 cases. In addition, we performed genetic abnormalities‐based risk stratification using fusion genes and gene mutations.ResultsA total of 305 fusion genes were identified in 22 cases, including the following five recurrent fusion genes: RUNX1‐RUNX1T1, CBFβ‐MYH11, ETV6‐MECOM, FUS‐ERG, and PICALM‐MLLT10. The prognosis in the adverse‐risk group was significantly worse than that in the favorable/intermediate‐risk group (median survival: 12 months vs. not reached; p = 0.0004).ConclusionThese results indicated the efficacy of RNA‐seq using FFPE‐derived RNA as a clinical routine for detecting fusion genes, which can be used as markers for risk stratification in MS.
Clinical application of the anti‐human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) antibody (SCD‐A7) immunocytochemistry in liquid‐based urine cytology: A prospective, single institute study
Authors: Moon Ji Hye , Nikas Ilias P. , Moon Kyung Chul , Kim Bohyun , Ryu Han Suk 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesUrine cytology is the most widely used noninvasive screening tool for urothelial carcinoma diagnosis and surveillance. Although highly specific, urine cytology exhibits suboptimal sensitivity. This study aimed to determine whether hTERT immunocytochemistry (ICC) could be applicable as an ancillary test in routine cytology practice.MethodsA total of 561 urinary tract samples were initially screened in this study. All of them were prepared using SurePath liquid‐based cytology (LBC), while additional LBC slides were made and subsequently used for hTERT (SCD‐A7) ICC.ResultsFrom the 561 samples screened, 337 were finally analyzed, all having an adequate cellularity and available follow‐up histology. The hTERT ICC‐positive rate was 95.9% (n = 208/217), 96% (n = 24/25), and 100% (n = 4/4) in cytology samples with high‐grade urothelial carcinoma, carcinoma in situ, and low‐grade urothelial carcinoma subsequent histology. Among the 64 atypical cytology cases histologically confirmed as urothelial carcinomas, 92.2% (n = 59/64) were immunoreactive to hTERT, whereas the two histologically benign cases were ICC‐negative. 87/90 (96.7%) of the cytology cases confirmed to be benign in follow‐up were hTERT‐negative. The overall sensitivity and specificity of hTERT ICC were 96.3% and 98.8%, respectively (AUROC = 0.963; 95% CI = 0.960–0.967).ConclusionsThe hTERT ICC test exhibited consistent and intense staining in malignant urothelial cells, suggesting its value as an ancillary test in liquid‐based urine cytology.
MRI features of pediatric atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors and medulloblastomas of the posterior fossa
Authors: Wu Hsin‐Wei , Wu Chia‐Hung , Lin Shih‐Chieh , Wu Chih‐Chun , Chen Hsin‐Hung , Chen Yi‐Wei , Lee Yi‐Yen , Chang Feng‐Chi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) occurs at a younger age and is associated with a worse prognosis than medulloblastoma; however, these two tumor entities are mostly indistinguishable on neuroimaging. The aim of our study was to differentiate AT/RT and medulloblastoma based on their clinical and MRI features to enhance treatment planning and outcome prediction.MethodsFrom 2005–2021, we retrospectively enrolled 16 patients with histopathologically diagnosed AT/RT and 57 patients with medulloblastoma at our institute. We evaluated their clinical data and MRI findings, including lesion signals, intratumoral morphologies, and peritumoral/distal involvement.ResultsThe age of children with AT/RT was younger than that of children with medulloblastoma (2.8 ± 4.9 [0–17] vs. 6.5 ± 4.0 [0–18], p < 0.001), and the overall survival rate was lower (21.4% vs. 66.0%, p = 0.005). Regarding lesion signals on MRI, AT/RT had a lower ADCmin (cutoff value ≤544.7 × 10−6 mm2/s, p < 0.001), a lower ADC ratio (cutoff value ≤0.705, p < 0.001), and a higher DWI ratio (cutoff value ≥1.595, p < 0.001) than medulloblastoma. Regarding intratumoral morphology, the “tumor central vein sign” was mostly exclusive to medulloblastoma (24/57, 42.1%; AT/RT 1/16, 6.3%; p = 0.007). Regarding peritumoral invasion on T2WI, AT/RT was more prone to invasion of the brainstem (p < 0.001) and middle cerebellar peduncle (p < 0.001) than medulloblastoma.ConclusionsMRI findings of a lower ADC value, more peritumoral invasion, and absence of the “tumor central vein sign” may be helpful to differentiate AT/RT from medulloblastoma. These distinct MRI findings together with the younger age of AT/RT patients may explain the worse outcomes in AT/RT patients.
Advancing wide implementation of precision oncology: A liquid nitrogen‐free snap freezer preserves molecular profiles of biological samples
Authors: van der Wijngaart Hanneke , Jagga Sahil , Dekker Henk , de Goeij Richard , Piersma Sander R. , Pham Thang V. , Knol Jaco C. , Zonderhuis Babs M. , Holland Harry J. , Jiménez Connie R. , Verheul Henk M. W. , Vanapalli Srinivas , Labots Mariette 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeIn precision oncology, tumor molecular profiles guide selection of therapy. Standardized snap freezing of tissue biospecimens is necessary to ensure reproducible, high‐quality samples that preserve tumor biology for adequate molecular profiling. Quenching in liquid nitrogen (LN2) is the golden standard method, but LN2 has several limitations. We developed a LN2‐independent snap freezer with adjustable cold sink temperature. To benchmark this device against the golden standard, we compared molecular profiles of biospecimens.MethodsCancer cell lines and core needle normal tissue biopsies from five patients' liver resection specimens were used to compare mass spectrometry (MS)‐based global phosphoproteomic and RNA sequencing profiles and RNA integrity obtained by both freezing methods.ResultsUnsupervised cluster analysis of phosphoproteomic and transcriptomic profiles of snap freezer versus LN2‐frozen K562 samples and liver biopsies showed no separation based on freezing method (with Pearson's r 0.96 (range 0.92–0.98) and >0.99 for K562 profiles, respectively), while samples with +2 h bench‐time formed a separate cluster. RNA integrity was also similar for both snap freezing methods. Molecular profiles of liver biopsies were clearly identified per individual patient regardless of the applied freezing method. Two to 25 s freezing time variations did not induce profiling differences in HCT116 samples.ConclusionThe novel snap freezer preserves high‐quality biospecimen and allows identification of individual patients' molecular profiles, while overcoming important limitations of the use of LN2. This snap freezer may provide a useful tool in clinical cancer research and practice, enabling a wider implementation of (multi‐)omics analyses for precision oncology.
Multiple directional DWI combined with T2WI in predicting muscle layer and Ki‐67 correlation in bladder cancer in 3.0‐T MRI
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhichao , Xiao Weixiong , Wang Yiqian , Ye Liefu , Wei Yongbao , Luo Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the value of 3.0T MRI multi‐directional diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) combined with T2WI morphological features and lesion distribution in preoperative prediction of muscle layer invasion of bladder cancer (BC) and the correlation with postoperative Ki‐67.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled patients with BC between 2019 and 2021. Patients with muscular invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) or non‐muscular invasive BC (NMIBC) were also analyzed by preoperative 3.0T MRI aFostic efficacy.ResultsA total of 186 patients were enrolled. About 27 patients with MIBC (35 lesions in total) and 62 with NMIBC (99 lesions in total). We found the tumor with a larger size, a wide base, and a smaller apparent dispersion coefficient (ADC) value and normalized ADC(nADC) value, without a stalk, presenting a greater risk of muscle invasion. ADC value, nADC value, maximum diameter, and stalk were independently associated with muscle invasion. Lesions located at the bladder fundus or involvement of multiple sites were independently associated with muscle invasion compared to the bladder body. In combination with morphological features, the AUCs of ADC and nADC showed accuracies of 0.925 and 0.947–0.951, respectively. TADC and nTADC showed the best diagnostic efficacy in multiple respects. KI‐67 LI was negatively correlated with ADC and nADC values.ConclusionsThis is the first report in which we found Multi‐directional DWI combined with T2WI in 3.0T MRI can be used to predict the muscle layer invasion of bladder cancer. ADC values reflect the muscular invasion of bladder cancer and show a moderate negative correlation with Ki‐67. It is especially suitable for bladder cancer patients with renal insufficiency or tumor recurrence.