bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineral nutrients in plants under changing environments: A road to future food and nutrition security
Authors: Khan M. Iqbal R. , Nazir Faroza , Maheshwari Chirag , Chopra Priyanka , Chhillar Himanshu , Sreenivasulu Nese 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlant nutrition is an important aspect that contributes significantly to sustainable agriculture, whereas minerals enrichment in edible source implies global human health; hence, both strategies need to be bridged to ensure “One Health” strategies. Abiotic stress‐induced nutritional imbalance impairs plant growth. In this context, we discuss the molecular mechanisms related to the readjustment of nutrient pools for sustained plant growth under harsh conditions, and channeling the minerals to edible source (seeds) to address future nutritional security. This review particularly highlights interventions on (i) the physiological and molecular responses of mineral nutrients in crop plants under stressful environments; (ii) the deployment of breeding and biotechnological strategies for the optimization of nutrient acquisition, their transport, and distribution in plants under changing environments. Furthermore, the present review also infers the recent advancements in breeding and biotechnology‐based biofortification approaches for nutrient enhancement in crop plants to optimize yield and grain mineral concentrations under control and stress‐prone environments to address food and nutritional security.
Diverse genome‐wide DNA methylation alterations in canine hepatocellular tumours
Authors: Asari Yu , Yamazaki Jumpei , Thandar Oo , Suzuki Tamami , Aoshima Keisuke , Takeuchi Kyosuke , Kinoshita Ryohei , Kim Sangho , Hosoya Kenji , Ishizaki Teita , Kagawa Yumiko , Jelinek Jaroslav , Yokoyama Shoko , Sasaki Noboru , Ohta Hiroshi , Nakamura Kensuke , Takiguchi Mitsuyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCanine hepatocellular tumours (HCTs) are common primary liver tumours. However, the exact mechanisms of tumourigenesis remain unclear. Although some genetic mutations have been reported, DNA methylation alterations in canine HCT have not been well studied.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to analyse the DNA methylation status of canine HCT.MethodsTissues from 33 hepatocellular carcinomas, 3 hepatocellular adenomas, 1 nodular hyperplasia, 21 non‐tumour livers from the patients and normal livers from 5 healthy dogs were used. We analysed the DNA methylation levels of 72,367 cytosine–guanine dinucleotides (CpG sites) in all 63 samples.Results and conclusionsAlthough a large fraction of CpG sites that were highly methylated in the normal liver became hypomethylated in tumours from most patients, we also found some patients with less remarkable change or no change in DNA methylation. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that 32 of 37 tumour samples differed from normal livers, although the remaining 5 tumour livers fell into the same cluster as normal livers. In addition, the number of hypermethylated genes in tumour livers varied among tumour cases, suggesting various DNA methylation patterns in different tumour groups. However, patient and clinical parameters, such as age, were not associated with DNA methylation status. In conclusion, we found that HCTs undergo aberrant and diverse patterns of genome‐wide DNA methylation compared with normal liver tissue, suggesting a complex epigenetic mechanism in canine HCT.
Lifestyle, an integrative concept: Cross‐disciplinary insights for low‐carbon research
Authors: Agnew Maureen D. , Pettifor Hazel , Wilson Charlie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLifestyle change is a fundamental component of transformative pathways to net‐zero emissions. Despite the pervasive use of ‘lifestyle’ as a concept, there is lack of convergence on what constitutes lifestyle due to contrasting perspectives and approaches within and across disciplines. While there is a long tradition of lifestyle research in public health and in marketing, this does not currently inform low‐carbon lifestyle research. We review a wide range of empirical and theoretical lifestyle studies using a directed thematic approach. Focusing on current knowledge within low‐carbon lifestyles research, we draw insights from two contrasting research perspectives (health, marketing) to support and advance low‐carbon research. We argue that ‘lifestyle’ is a unifying meta‐concept comprised of three common integrating elements: behaviours, cognitions, and context. We find variation across research fields reflecting differing emphasis and differentiate integrative from domain‐specific frameworks. Fragmented approaches in low‐carbon research compartmentalise concepts within domains such that ‘lifestyle’ is aligned more closely in meaning to ‘behaviour’, accentuating inconsistencies. Lifestyle heterogeneity is characterised by clusters of cognitive and behavioural factors linked to broad social and material contexts. We identify drivers of lifestyle change, and argue lifestyle is not purely a matter of choice but shaped by contextual factors which lock‐in unsustainable behaviours or facilitate sustainable behaviours. There are important implications for research and intervention. Lifestyle complexities demand a wider analytical lens incorporating cross‐disciplinary datasets and integrative frameworks. Broadening cognitive and contextual dimensions would deepen understanding of lifestyle change. Comprehensive low‐carbon lifestyle interventions should combine multiple strategies, at‐risk groups, and opportunistic circumstance.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Net Zero Planning and Decarbonization
Human and Social Dimensions > Behavioral Science
Mapping water quality parameters in Baner and Gaj rivulets: Insights into the potential impact on river Beas in Himachal Pradesh using ArcGIS
Authors: Brar Bhavna , Thakur Kushal , Mahajan Danish , Sharma Dixit , Kumar Sunil , Upmanyu Sachin , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral natural and anthropogenic activities, as well as rapid urbanization and industrialization, have caused freshwater bodies and their water quality to deteriorate rapidly over the past two decades. This study utilizes ArcGIS to map water quality parameters in the Baner and Gaj rivulets, tributaries of the river Beas in Himachal Pradesh, with the objective of gaining insights into their potential impact on the main river. So, the main aim of the present research was to assess the impact of anthropogenic actions on the ecology and the fitness of the rivulets basin to perpetuate freshwater diversity. A total of six sampling zones were selected; three sampling zones on Baner and three sampling zones on Gaj rivulets, in order to assess the water quality during the period of one year, from January 2022 to December 2022. During the present study, the Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to assess the status of water quality in both rivulets. Fourteen physicochemical parameters were examined using appropriate techniques and then compared to international standards. A slight upsurge was observed in some physicochemical parameters, such as pH, hardness, TDS, nitrate, and phosphate, at sampling zone 3 (S3) of the Baner rivulet. The results of WQI ranged from 45.5 at S1 to 50.2 at S3 in Gaj and 48.5 at S1 to 55.2 at S3 in Baner, which reflected a slight impact of natural and anthropogenic activities. The status of the water quality in both rivulets confirmed the abundance of aquatic species. Human activities, such as riverbed mining, also negatively impacted the water quality at some sample zones. There is, however, a need to monitor and evaluate these types of activities. However, further research and monitoring are necessary to validate the study's findings and extend its scope to other regions.
Gravitational reheating at strong coupling
Authors: Buchel Alex 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We use the gauge/gravity correspondence to study the gravitational reheating of strongly coupled gauge theories in the rapid exit from the long inflationary (de Sitter) phase. We estimate the maximal reheating temperature of holographic models in d-spatial dimensions, whose scale invariance is explicitly broken by a source term for an operator 𝒪∆ of dimension $$ \frac{d}{2}+\frac{1}{2}<\Delta <d+1 $$

d
2

+

1
2

<
∆
<
d
+
1
, as well as the top-down 𝒩 = 2* and the cascading gauge theories. The reheating is most efficient when the inflationary phase Hubble constant is much larger than the mass scale of the conformal symmetry breaking of the theory, and for theories with the conformal symmetry breaking operators that are close to marginal.
Chiral soliton lattice at next-to-leading order
Authors: Brauner Tomáš , Kolešová Helena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We compute the free energy of the chiral soliton lattice state in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at nonzero baryon chemical potential, temperature and external magnetic field at the next-to-leading order of chiral perturbation theory. This extends previous work where only a special limit of the chiral soliton lattice, the domain wall, was considered. Our results therefore serve as a consistency check of the previously established phase diagram of QCD at moderate magnetic fields and temperature and sub-nuclear baryon chemical potentials. Moreover, we use the result for the free energy to determine the magnetization carried by the domain wall and the chiral soliton lattice, both at the next-to-leading order.
Numerical spectra of the Laplacian for line bundles on Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces
Authors: Ashmore A. , He Y-H. , Heyes E. , Ovrut B. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We give the first numerical calculation of the spectrum of the Laplacian acting on bundle-valued forms on a Calabi-Yau three-fold. Specifically, we show how to compute the approximate eigenvalues and eigenmodes of the Dolbeault Laplacian acting on bundle-valued (p, q)-forms on Kähler manifolds. We restrict our attention to line bundles over complex projective space and Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces therein. We give three examples. For two of these, ℙ3 and a Calabi-Yau one-fold (a torus), we compare our numerics with exact results available in the literature and find complete agreement. For the third example, the Fermat quintic three-fold, there are no known analytic results, so our numerical calculations are the first of their kind. The resulting spectra pass a number of non-trivial checks that arise from Serre duality and the Hodge decomposition. The outputs of our algorithm include all the ingredients one needs to compute physical Yukawa couplings in string compactifications.
Assessing lower extremity loading during activities of daily living using continuous-scale physical functional performance 10 and wireless sensor insoles: a comparative study between younger and older adults
Authors: Häckel Sonja , Kämpf Tobias , Baur Heiner , von Aesch Arlene , Kressig Reto Werner , Stuck Andreas Ernst , Bastian Johannes Dominik 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the lower extremity loading during activities of daily living (ADLs) using the Continuous Scale of Physical Functional Performance (CS-PFP 10) test and wireless sensor insoles in healthy volunteers.

Methods
In this study, 42 participants were recruited, consisting of 21 healthy older adults (mean age 69.6 ± 4.6 years) and 21 younger healthy adults (mean age 23.6 ± 1.8 years). The performance of the subjects during ADLs was assessed using the CS-PFP 10 test, which comprised 10 tasks. The lower extremity loading was measured using wireless sensor insoles (OpenGo, Moticon, Munich, Germany) during the CS-PFP 10 test, which enabled the measurement of ground reaction forces, including the mean and maximum total forces during the stance phase, expressed in units of body weight (BW).

Results
The total CS-PFP 10 score was significantly lower in older participants compared to the younger group (mean total score of 57.1 ± 9.0 compared to 78.2 ± 5.4, respectively). No significant differences in the mean total forces were found between older and young participants. The highest maximum total forces were observed during the tasks ‘endurance walk’ (young: 1.97 ± 0.34 BW, old: 1.70 ± 0.43 BW) and ‘climbing stairs’ (young: 1.65 ± 0.36 BW, old: 1.52 ± 0.28 BW). Only in the endurance walk, older participants showed a significantly higher maximum total force (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The use of wireless sensor insoles in a laboratory setting can effectively measure the load on the lower extremities during ADLs. These findings could offer valuable insights for developing tailored recommendations for patients with partial weight-bearing restrictions.
Socio-economic risk factors and wildfire crime in Italy: a quantile panel approach
Authors: Canepa Alessandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we analyse the socio-economic determinants of environmental crimes such as those focused on wildfire in Italy using panel data at the regional level. We also investigate the effect of economic downturns on wildfire crime. Using the nonadditive fixed effect quantile panel regression model, it was found that socio-economic factors, such as material deprivation, play an important role in driving wildfire crime. Also, risk factors such as unemployment and income inequality were seen to affect the probability of crime in the same direction. On the other hand, a negative relationship between level of education and wildfire crime was found. The results for business cycle support the conjecture that economic downturns have a significant impact on the probability of environmental crime and that the effect is particularly binding in the southern regions where unemployment and income inequality are greater. We also found evidence of a positive correlation between organised crime and wildfire crime. Once again, the grip of organised crime appears to be stronger in the southern regions.
Tributary Inflows to a Regulated River Influence Bacterial Communities and Increase Bacterial Carbon Assimilation
Authors: O’Brien Lauren , Siboni Nachshon , Seymour Justin R. , Balzer Matthew , Mitrovic Simon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInflows from unregulated tributaries change the physical, chemical, and biotic conditions in receiving regulated rivers, impacting microbial community structure and metabolic function. Understanding how tributary inflows affect bacterial carbon production (BCP) is integral to understanding energy transfer in riverine ecosystems. To investigate the role of tributary inflows on bacterial community composition and BCP, a ~90th percentile natural flow event was sampled over 5 days along the Lachlan River and its tributaries within the Murray-Darling Basin of eastern Australia. Increased tributary inflows after rainfall corresponded with a significantly different and more diverse bacterial community in the regulated mainstem. The major contributor to this difference was an increase in relative abundance of bacterial groups with a potential metabolic preference for humic substances (Burkholderiaceae Polynucleobacter, Alcaligenaceae GKS98 freshwater group, Saccharimonadia) and a significant decrease in Spirosomaceae Pseudarcicella, known to metabolise algal exudates. Increases in orthophosphate and river discharge explained 31% of community change, suggesting a combination of resource delivery and microbial community coalescence as major drivers. BCP initially decreased significantly with tributary inflows, but the total load of carbon assimilated by bacteria increased by up to 20 times with flow due to increased water volume. The significant drivers of BCP were dissolved organic carbon, water temperature, and conductivity. Notably, BCP was not correlated with bacterial diversity or community composition. Tributary inflows were shown to alter mainstem bacterial community structure and metabolic function to take advantage of fresh terrestrial dissolved organic material, resulting in substantial changes to riverine carbon assimilation over small times scales.
Exploring Prokaryotic Communities in the Guts and Mucus of Nudibranchs, and Their Similarity to Sediment and Seawater Microbiomes
Authors: Stuij Tamara , Cleary Daniel F. R. , Polónia Ana R. M. , Putchakarn Sumaitt , Pires Ana C. C. , Gomes Newton C. M. , de Voogd Nicole J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, we compared mucus and gut-associated prokaryotic communities from seven nudibranch species with sediment and seawater from Thai coral reefs using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The nudibranch species were identified as Doriprismatica atromarginata (family Chromodorididae), Jorunna funebris (family Discodorididae), Phyllidiella nigra, Phyllidiella pustulosa, Phyllidia carlsonhoffi, Phyllidia elegans, and Phyllidia picta (all family Phyllidiidae). The most abundant bacterial phyla in the dataset were Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Chloroflexi, Thaumarchaeota, and Cyanobacteria. Mucus and gut-associated communities differed from one another and from sediment and seawater communities. Host phylogeny was, furthermore, a significant predictor of differences in mucus and gut-associated prokaryotic community composition. With respect to higher taxon abundance, the order Rhizobiales (Proteobacteria) was more abundant in Phyllidia species (mucus and gut), whereas the order Mycoplasmatales (Tenericutes) was more abundant in D. atromarginata and J. funebris. Mucus samples were, furthermore, associated with greater abundances of certain phyla including Chloroflexi, Poribacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes, taxa considered to be indicators for high microbial abundance (HMA) sponge species. Overall, our results indicated that nudibranch microbiomes consisted of a number of abundant prokaryotic members with high sequence similarities to organisms previously detected in sponges.
Amino mapping: possibility to visualize amino-N compounds in the rhizosphere of Zea Mays L.
Authors: Khosrozadeh Sajedeh , Guber Andrey , Nourbakhsh Farshid , Khalili Banafshe , Blagodatskaya Evgenia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding N uptake by plants, the N cycle, and their relationship to soil heterogeneity has generated a great deal of interest in the distribution of amino-N compounds in soil. Visualization of the spatial distribution of amino-N in soil can provide insights into the role of labile N in plant-microbial mechanisms of N acquisition and plant N uptake, but until now, it has remained technically challenging. Here, we describe a novel technique to visualize the amino-N distribution at the root-soil interface. The technique is based on time-lapse amino mapping (TLAM) using membranes saturated with the fluorogenic OPAME reagent (O-phthalaldehyde and β-mercaptoethanol). OPAME in the membrane reacts with organic compounds containing a NH2 functional group at the membrane-soil interface, generating a fluorescent product visible under UV light and detectable by a digital camera. The TLAM amino-mapping technique was applied to visualize and quantify the concentration of amino-N compounds in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea Mays L.). A ten times greater amino-N concentration was detected in the rhizosphere compared to non-rhizosphere soil. The high content of amino-N was mainly associated with the root tips and was 3 times larger than the average amino-N content at seminal roots. The amino-N rhizosphere was 2 times broader around the root tips than around other parts of the roots. We concluded that TLAM is a promising approach for monitoring the fate of labile N in soils. However, the technique needs to be standardized for different soil types, plant species, and climate conditions to allow wider application.
A short-term intervention of ingesting iron along with methionine and threonine leads to a higher hemoglobin level than that with iron alone in young healthy women: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, comparative study
Authors: Tateishi Yuko , Toyoda Sakiko , Murakami Hitoshi , Uchida Ryo , Ichikawa Reiko , Kikuchi Takuya , Sato Wataru , Suzuki Katsuya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Enhancing iron absorption and utilization is important for amelioration iron status faster and thereby, for improving quality of life. Dietary protein and amino acids, including methionine and threonine, have been reported to facilitate the absorption and utilization of dietary iron. Here, we investigated the effect of combined ingestion of methionine, threonine, and iron on the improvement of iron status during a short-term intervention, by comparing that with iron ingestion alone in healthy young women.

Methods
This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, comparative study with 45 participants (aged 20–39) randomly assigned to three groups (n = 15 each): one group was administered 200 mg methionine, 400 mg threonine, and 6 mg iron once daily (FEMT); another ingested 6 mg iron alone (FE); and the third group ingested a placebo (PCG). Blood samples and dietary nutrient data were collected before the intervention (week 0) and after 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Serum iron, hemoglobin, transferrin, and ferritin levels were measured.

Results
Blood hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the FEMT than in the FE group (P < 0.05) at week 4. Serum iron, transferrin, and ferritin levels were not changed across groups. In addition, our analyses showed that the observed increase in hemoglobin levels was affected by the intervention rather than changes in dietary nutrient intake.

Conclusions
Ingestion of methionine and threonine with low doses of iron leads to a higher hemoglobin levels than that with iron alone in a short period of 4 weeks.

Trial registration
University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000046621).