bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging peril of post–dengue mucormycosis
Authors: Verma Neha , Gupta Neelima , Gupta Vashi , Nath Smita 
Published: February 2023

Rationale:
Dengue fever is a leading cause of death in tropical and subtropical countries. Although most patients have a self-limited febrile illness, the viral infection can induce virus-mediated host changes, making immunocompetent persons susceptible to deadly fungal infections. However, there are only a few reports of such an association. Here we present a case of this deadly co-infection.

Patient’s Concern:
A 17-year-old male patient was diagnosed with dengue fever. He presented to us with facial swelling, periorbital edema, and black discoloration over the palate during the second week of his illness.

Diagnosis:
Diagnostic tests confirmed the presence of fungal hyphae. A diagnosis of post-dengue mucormycosis was made. No other comorbidity or underlying immune deficit was detected.

Interventions:
The patient underwent surgical debridement and antifungal treatment.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered and showed signs of palatal healing with an advancing mucosal edge.

Lessons:
Dengue virus and mucor co-infection has brought to light a new pathogenic paradigm. Clinicians need to be aware of this emerging medical condition and maintain a high index of suspicion for mucor co-infections while treating dengue patients.
Pituitary apoplexy secondary to dengue fever-induced-thrombocytopenia
Authors: Agarwal Rishi , Nehara Hardeva Ram , Meena Babulal , Agrawal RP 
Published: February 2023

Rationale:
Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare endocrine emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and management. Dengue fever-induced-thrombocytopenia may rarely predispose to PA.

Patient's Concern:
A 58-year-old male patient having known pituitary macroadenoma presented to the emergency department with fever, a sudden onset severe headache, and altered sensorium.

Diagnosis:
Pituitary apoplexy caused by dengue fever-induced-thrombocytopenia.

Interventions:
Conservative management with fluids, mannitol, dexamethasone and symptomatic treatment.

Outcomes:
The patient responded well to the treatment and was discharged uneventfully.

Lessons:
Although dengue hemorrhagic fever is a rare cause of pituitary apoplexy, it should be considered if a patient presents with headache and altered sensorium, and prompt initiation of treatment is crucial to prevent fatality and neuro-ophthalmic deficits.
Addressing Challenges During Community based Screening of Women for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Research Experience from Maharashtra, India before and During COVID Pandemic
Authors: Hasan Gazala , Shaikh Sharmeen , Joshi Beena , Ganie Mohd A. , Shukla Amlin , Vadhan Himali , Parab Rita , Sanap Pravin , Mashal Iranna 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
A multicentric community-based screening to determine prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome was undertaken in India. This article aims to describe the challenges faced at one site and strategies adopted to mitigate them.

Material and Methods:
Eligible women were enrolled at household-level and investigated for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome diagnosis as per Rotterdam criteria. Challenges faced were documented and alternate strategies were adopted.

Results:
Challenges ranged from identifying women as per the polling booth list, enrolling them, and getting them investigated. COVID-19 pandemic added to the challenges. Involving health system workforce, gaining community support, flexible timings, and alternate strategies for investigation including COVID-19 appropriate safety measures helped mitigate some of the challenges.

Conclusion:
Unforeseen challenges may crop up in community-based studies, like the ones faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Planning, strategizing, using technology to keep communications on, and finding out of the box and amicable solutions for bottlenecks may help mitigate challenges.
Effect of Two-Only-Meal Frequency and Exercise on HbA1C Outcomes, Weight, and Anti-Diabetic Medication in Type 2 Diabetes in a Popular Lifestyle Change Campaign in Maharashtra, Compared to Conventional Clinical Management: A Quasi-Experimental Multicenter Study in Maharashtra
Authors: Ashtekar Shyam , Deshmukh Pradeep Pradeep , Ghaisas Nitin , Ashtekar Chandrashekhar , Upasani Sameeran , Kirloskar Madhuri , Kumthekar Ajit , Kelkar Mrunalini Bharat , Ashtekar Ratna , Misar Parag , Ratnaparakhe Vikas , Dhamangaonkar Manjiri , Kiwalkar Ravindra , Gandhi Sanjay , Powar Jagdish 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Rising prevalence and poor outcomes make the twin challenges of diabetes epidemiology. This study evaluates effect of 2-only-daily-meals with exercise (2-OMEX) for its effect on HbA1c, oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA) usage, body-weight among type-2-diabetes (T2DM) subjects, compared with conventional management.

Material and Methods:
A quasi-experimental, multicentre study in 2-OMEX arm, and HbA1c by HPLC method. HbA1c and body-weight changes were analyzed by ‘Difference in Difference’ (DID) method. Meal frequency, exercise, energy intakes were based on recall. The required sample size was 20X2 for 1.1 difference in HbA1c with 95% CL and 80% power

Results:
Socio-demographic and risk profile of analysed and omitted subjects were similar. Studied arms were also similar in baseline features. The results in 2-OMEX and conventional arm are: complete records analyzed 201 and 120. Mean (sd) values as follows: observation days 234 and 236, age 52.03(8.84) and 52.45(9.48) years (P=0.6977), diabetes duration 4.6(3.05) and 4.9(2.97) years, BMI 27.28(5.27), 26.90(3.74) (P = 0.1859), baseline HbA1c gm% 7.46(1.52) and 7.55(1.58), end-line proportion of subjects attaining HbA1c ≤6.5gm% was 35.3% and 19.2% (P=0.002), bodyweight loss 2.57% and 1.26%. OHA count 1.6 (1.23) and 2.7(1.06), (P=0.0003). In 2-OMEX arm log-normal HbA1c declined significantly by 0.94 (95%CI: 1.60 to – 0.56, p=0.0333), weight loss difference 0.96 kg, and statistically not significant (P=0.595). Two subjects in 2-OMEX arm showed partial remission. Mean baseline Kcal intakes in 2-OMEX arm, were 1200.4(F) and 1437.3(M) were significantly higher than conventional arm (F) and 1430 (M)

Conclusion:
The 2-OMEX showed a sizeable and significant reduction in HbA1c and OHA use, in 7-months, with moderate intakes, compared to the conventional arm, possibly attributable to fewer insulin surges. More studies are required for its impact and pathways.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Hypertension among 20–40 Years Old Residing in an Urban Area of Bagalkot City, North Karnataka
Authors: Sidenur Bhagyalaxmi , Shankar Gowri 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular disorder and one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular mortality which accounts for 20–50% of all deaths. Although most studies describe hypertension in older adults and the elderly, there is a paucity of data on young adults as they are deemed to be at a lower risk of developing the disease.

Objectives:
To study the prevalence of hypertension and study the risk factors and strength of association between factors and hypertension among 20–40 years old.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 20–40 years old residing in the urban field practice area to find the prevalence of hypertension and its association with socio-demographic factors. After obtaining informed consent, data were collected with the help of an interview method by systematic random sampling using predesigned and pretested semi-structured questionnaires. Three readings of blood pressure were recorded using a sphygmomanometer, and the average reading was considered. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel, Open Epi software, and SPSS software.

Results:
Out of 420 subjects, the prevalence of hypertension was found to be 17.9% and pre-hypertension was 52%. Factors significantly associated with hypertension were age, marital status, type of family, family history of hypertension, tobacco chewing, stress, and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusion:
The present study reveals a high prevalence of hypertension (17.9%) in the 20–40 years old age group, which can lead to increased cardiovascular disease burden in the population.
Comparison of Manual Toothbrushes with Different Bristle Designs in Terms of Cleaning Efficacy and Plaque Control: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rahman Habeeb 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
The aim of the study was to compare the cleaning efficacy and plaque control of the straight and angled bristle design manual toothbrushes.

Materials and Methods:
It was a pilot randomized trial comprising 30 dental students divided into 2 groups (group I flat bristle design toothbrush and group II zig-zag bristle design toothbrush) with 15 in each group. Prebrushing and postbrushing plaque scores were recorded at the baseline and at the end of 4 weeks using Turesky modification of Quigley and Hein plaque index.

Results:
Plaque and gingival scores were reduced significantly at 1 month in group II with P < 0.05 than compared to group I where P > 0.05. Mean GI and plaque scores of the criss-cross design were reduced significantly after 1 month (P < 0.05). Intergroup comparisons revealed that plaque and gingival scores significantly reduced (P < 0.05) at 1-month interval.

Conclusion:
Bristle design has significant impact on plaque removal capacity of a toothbrush. Toothbrush with zig-zag bristle design is efficient in removing plaque than the flat design of a toothbrush.
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes and Associated Antenatal Risk Factors – A Matched Case-Control Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital, South India
Authors: Pallepogula Dinesh R. , Adhisivam B , Dorairajan Gowri , Ballambattu Vishnu B. , Saya Ganesh K. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
The incidence of neonatal mortality has declined over the past few decades, but it remains a major concern. Identifying risk factors associated with adverse outcomes may help prevent and manage neonatal morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to explore the associated antenatal risk factors among pregnant women delivering in a tertiary care hospital in South India with adverse neonatal outcomes.

Material and Methods:
This was a hospital-based, matched case-control study among pregnant women belonging to Puducherry and admitted for delivery. Cases were pregnant women who gave birth to adverse neonatal outcomes, while controls were pregnant women who gave birth to alive and healthy babies. Data was collected from various sources, primarily from medical records, and triangulated.

Results:
Adverse neonatal outcomes were ten times more if pregnant women had placental complications and seven times more for intrauterine growth restriction noted during pregnancy. Pregnant women referred from peripheral care centers had 1.6 times more risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Prior hospital admission during the present pregnancy had a protective effect in the final adjusted analysis.

Conclusion:
Risk factors should be routinely monitored in all health centers. Women with high-risk pregnancies should be identified earlier, and appropriate care should be provided.
Dietary Changes among the Indian Population during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Motiwala Zainab Y. , Khan Isna R. , Ahmad Sameena , Abedi Ali J. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
After the COVID-19 outbreak, significant changes in lifestyle and dietary patterns were observed. There are many studies indicating lifestyle changes but very few pointing out the intricate changes in consumption of different food groups, so our aim is to analyze the same.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 participants between the age group of 18 and 60 years. A self-developed questionnaire with questions regarding the change in consumption of different food groups during the pandemic was circulated online among the urban population.

Results:
It was observed that 46% participants turned down their consumption of fish and seafood and 48.2% participants lowered frozen protein consumption. 44.9% respondents increased their milk consumption and 41.8% reduced their intake of ice-creams. It was observed that 42.4% participants turned up their consumption of bread and buns and 47.3% of respondents increased their rice intake. It was further recorded that 39.6% and 40.9% participants raised their intake of sweets and chocolates and biscuits and cookies, respectively. 50% and 61.3% respondents ate more green leafy vegetables and fruits during the pandemic. There was a 53.3%, 46.9%, and 38.7% reduction in the consumption of hamburgers, pizza, and fried foods, respectively.

Conclusion:
Majority of the participants have increased consumption of healthy foods like milk, fruits, vegetables, and nuts, while reduced the consumption of junk foods, carbonated drinks, and ice-cream. There has been a positive shift in the dietary pattern of the Indian population toward foods that help develop immunity despite its limited availability during the pandemic.
Obstetric Teleconsultation by Using Mobile Phone Technology in COVID Pandemic
Authors: Sharma Bharti , Rohilla Minakshi , Suri Vanita , Jain Vanita , Prasad GRV , Kalra Jasvinder , Pandey Navin 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Obstetrics teleconsultation is a new concept to enable health-care services in the COVID pandemic by limiting in-person visits. This study describes the methodology of mobile-based teleconsultation, preliminary findings, and the experience of the obstetricians.

Material and Methods:
The data of pregnant women who got registered for teleconsultation in early phase of COVID pandemic lockdown were reviewed and analyzed. A qualitative analysis was performed to assess the experience of obstetricians (consultants, senior residents, and junior residents) via an online electronic survey.

Results:
The majority of obstetrics teleconsultations were for routine antenatal care (75%) and fetal medicine consultation (12.3%). Out of 187 women, 29.9% were advised to continue antenatal care at local hospitals, whereas 33.6% were asked to follow up via teleconsultation. Most of the obstetricians (73.68%) felt that they were able to satisfy the pregnant women and rated the teleconsultation satisfactory.

Conclusion:
Obstetrics telemedicine found to be beneficial for providing routine antenatal care services via reducing physical visits and overcrowding in outpatient departments, promoting antenatal care at local hospitals, and making specialized (maternal–fetal medicine) care accessible even during COVID-19 pandemic.
Perception of Beneficiaries Regarding Quality of Care and Respectful Maternity Care being Provided in Delivery Room using LaQshya Guidelines
Authors: Dogne Chandra Gopal , Dudi Jitendra , Dogne Nalini , Afrin Sana , Singh Abhay , Raghunath Deepa , Sakalle Salil , Chellaiyan Vinoth Gnana 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Quality of care in labor room and maternity operation theatre is crucial so that every pregnant woman receives the most appropriate care with dignity and respect, which is her fundamental right. The present study was attempted to assess the satisfaction of beneficiaries of both rural and urban areas visiting the public health facilities with regard to the quality of care and Respectful Maternal Care (RMC).

Methodology:
The present study was carried out in the Department of Community Medicine, MGM Medical College Indore to assess the satisfaction of beneficiaries of both rural and urban areas visiting the public health facilities with regard to the quality of care and Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) for 1 year from June 2020 to June 2021. A scoring system was used and based on the perception of the beneficiaries on different parameters on the scale of 1–5 where 1 – poor, 2 – satisfactory, 3 – good, 4 – very good, and 5 was considered excellent.

Results:
The majority of beneficiaries were in the age group of 21–30 years. Statistically significant difference between rural and urban areas in parameters of beneficiaries with regards to various aspects of post-natal care, in parameter of explanation of treatment procedure, maintenance of privacy efforts put to not allow to feel lonely and treatment with dignity and respect between rural and urban areas.

Conclusion:
When all the parameters and subparameters of the perception of beneficiaries of quality of care and respectful maternity care (RMC) were analyzed in both rural and urban areas, statistically significant difference was observed.
Locking Compression Plate in the Management of Fracture Both Bones' Forearms
Authors: Salim Shameez Muhammed , Sujai S. , Junied Mohammed , Harikumar Ganesh 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The fractures of both bones' forearms are the most common fractures seen. It can be managed by various methods. Open reduction and internal fixation is the procedure of choice for displaced forearm fractures involving the radius and ulna in adults using a locking compression plate (LCP). The study is undertaken to verify the claims made by the authors of the plate (LCP) and to learn the techniques, functional outcomes, and complications of this method of internal fixation.

Objectives:
To study the functional outcome of treating diaphyseal fractures in both bones' forearm with LCPs. To study the duration of union with LCP. To study the complications of LCPs.

Materials and Methods:
It is a prospective study which was carried out from August 2015 to January 2017 at MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru. In this study period, 30 cases of fractures in both bones of the forearm were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using LCP.

Results:
In our study, the majority of the patients were male, middle aged, with road traffic accidents being the most common mode of injury, involving the middle third. Transverse or short oblique fractures were the most common. The fractures united in all 30 patients. Excellent or full range of mobility of elbow and wrist joints was present in 25 patients (83%), with 5 (17%) patients having good range of movements.

Interpretation and Conclusion:
The LCP of forearm fractures produces excellent results, the advantage being early mobilization, and early union but the complication, duration of surgery, and surgical techniques remain unchanged.
Miniscrew Implant supported Maxillary Canine Retraction with and without Corticotomy Facilitated Orthodontics (CFO)
Authors: Kumar Saurav , Verma Gaurav , Hassan Nadira , Shaikh Sana , Anand Bharti , Anjan Ravi 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
The purpose of the study was to scientifically test maxillary canine retraction assisted by miniscrew implant with corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics.

Materials and Methods:
Fifteen patients (six males, nine females) who had Class II division malocclusion with enhanced overjet were included in the study. Maxillary first premolars were surgical displaced along with retraction of maxillary. In the canine-premolar region, corticotomy was performed on one side of the maxillary arch; the other side served as the control region. Over a 4-month follow-up span, the following variables were examined: plaque index, tooth movement intensity, attachment degree, gingival regression, molar anchorage failure, gingival index, and scope of testing.

Results:
After 2 months, the canine retraction rate on the corticotomy side was more significant than on the control side by twice. The tooth movement rate steadily decreased to 1.6 times faster at the end of the 3rd month and to 1.06 times faster at the end of the 4th month. No failure of molar anchorage occurred on either the controlled or nonoperated hand during canine retraction.

Conclusions:
For people requiring orthodontic care with shortened treatment periods, corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics may be a viable treatment modality.
Comparison of Bone Healing in Immediate Implant Placement versus Delayed Implant Placement
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Pareek Rajat , Rajawat Gaurav Singh , Kadam Aljeeta , Al Abdulsalam Mahmoud , Al Abdulathim Abdulrahman 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Today, modern surgical and regenerative techniques with implant immediately placed into the prepared socket, predictable gap repair with bone substitutes and soft tissue grafts, have helped to eliminate concerns about bone deficiencies and allowed implant placement according to prosthodontic needs.

Materials and Methods:
The present in vivo study was designed to evaluate and compare the implant healing after immediate implant placement with or without bone graft and implant healing after delayed implant placement with or without bone graft. Crestal bone levels were compared in both the groups at preoperatively and postoperatively on immediate postoperatively, at 3rd month, and at 6th month.

Results:
Immediate implant group has more crestal bone level reduction at 3rd and 6th months as compared to the delayed implant group. Immediate implant with bone graft group has insignificant crestal bone level reduction at 3rd and 6th months as compared to immediate implant without bone graft group. Delayed implant with bone graft group has insignificant crestal bone level reduction at 3rd and 6th months as compared to delayed implant without bone graft group.

Conclusion:
It was concluded from this study that clinical and radiographical bone healing in the delayed implant group with or without bone graft (Group Y) appears to be better than the immediate dental implant group with or without bone graft (Group X).
Oral Health Related Quality of Life Changes in Standard Cleft and Surgery Patients- A clinical study
Authors: Singh Jaideep , Kumar Amit , Sodani Vasudha , Kumar Amit , Jawaid Moazzam , Wasnik Milind 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Malocclusions are expected to affect subjective attraction, social recognition, and intellect. For dentofacial deformities, functional concerns can also arise. The previous research has established a gradient on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) scores through malocclusion intensity, particularly in the social and emotional realms. This study is used to assess the quality of oral health.

Materials and Methods:
A total of sixty patients began orthodontic therapy at a tertiary-care facility. Treatment in the orthodontic clinic is restricted to serious malocclusions. The study was selected from patients who meet the qualifying requirements of extreme malocclusion and orofacial clefting. The research removed patients with diagnosed hereditary syndromes. Patients got either single-arch or double-arch fixed equipment during their orthodontic procedure. Subjects were categorized as orthodontic patients with extreme malocclusions, needing orthodontic therapy, and severe spinal discrepancies, requiring both orthodontic treatment and orthognatic surgery. The overall score of one subject was 0–56, while the domain score was 0–8. Higher ratings for oral health profiles reflect a stronger effect on the relative quality of life of oral health.

Results:
For the 14 objects, the mean baseline Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score for all three categories was not statistically different for about half of the items. For surgery participants, the OHIP-14 baseline scores were nearly twice as large as the scores of the other two categories for each of these things (P = 0.05). There were a lot of statistically important variations involving the categories, and the three most significant ones are revealing pattern here. The multiple comparison power of nonsignificant predictive variables was extremely weak for the area of physical pain is 5.2%; 41.2% of remaining tests, and 84% for the functional limitation and mental deficiency domain.

Conclusion:
Patients receiving a mixture of orthognathic surgery and orthodontic therapy have comparatively low OHRQoL baseline; however in contrast with normal and cleft patients, they still gain the most from care.