bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue Integration and Chondroprotective Potential of Acetabular Labral Augmentation with Autograft Tendon
Authors: Su Tiao , Ao Yunong , Yang Liu , Chen Guang-xing 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to explore the tissue healing process and changes in articular cartilage following acetabular labral augmentation in a porcine model.

Methods:
The labrum was resected unilaterally from 10 o’clock to 1 o’clock on the capsular side in 36 pigs. Eighteen pigs underwent labral augmentation (AUG group) using autologous Achilles tendon. No additional procedures were performed in the remaining pigs (control group). The pigs were killed at 6, 12, or 24 weeks postoperatively for histological assessment and measurement of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in synovial fluid.

Results:
All autografts were well placed in the labral defect in the AUG group, and good integration of the autograft with the remnant chondrolabral junction was observed at 24 weeks; only scar tissue was observed in the control group at 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Fibrochondrocytes were concentrated at the transition between the autograft and native labrum at early time points, and the cells within the autograft labrum were predominantly fibrochondrocytes at 24 weeks. Rough and irregular articular cartilage surfaces were observed in 3 of the 6 samples in the AUG group at 24 weeks; the others appeared smooth. Focal cartilage erosion (predominantly in the acetabulum) occurred in all samples in the control group at 12 and 24 weeks. The Mankin score at 24 weeks was significantly lower in the AUG group than in the control group (mean [95% confidence interval]: 2.33 [1.06 to 3.6] versus 9 [8.06 to 9.94], p < 0.001). Likewise, the concentrations of all cytokines (in pg/mL) were significantly lower in the AUG group than in the control group at 24 weeks (IL-6: 166.6 [155.22 to 177.94] versus 245.9 [242.66 to 249.14], p < 0.001; IL-1β: 122.1 [116.4 to 127.83] versus 282.9 [280.29 to 285.51], p < 0.001; and TNF-α: 56.22 [53.15 to 59.29] versus 135 [131.66 to 138.24], p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Autograft tendon used for labral augmentation was able to integrate well with the native labrum, which may help to preserve the articular cartilage.

Clinical Relevance:
Labral augmentation with autograft tendon may be a feasible option in cases of viable labral remnants.
Cost Analysis of Conversion Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Denyer Steven , Eikani Carlo , Bujnowski Daniel , Farooq Hassan , Brown Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after prior knee surgery, also known as conversion TKA (convTKA), has been associated with higher complications, resource utilization, time, and effort. The increased surgical complexity of convTKA may not be reflected by the relative value units (RVUs) assigned under the current U.S. coding guidelines. The purpose of this study was to compare the RVUs of primary TKA and convTKA and to calculate the RVU per minute to account for work effort.

Methods:
The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database was analyzed for the years 2005 to 2020. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code 27447 alone was used to identify patients who underwent primary TKA, and 27447 plus 20680 were used to identify convTKA. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 1,600 cases were assigned to each cohort. The 2023 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule RVU-to-dollar conversion factor from the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) was used to calculate RVU dollar valuations per operative time. Complication rates were compared using a multivariate logistic regression model controlling for baseline characteristics.

Results:
The mean operative time for TKA was 97.8 minutes, with a corresponding RVU per minute of 0.25, while the mean operative time for convTKA was 124.3 minutes, with an RVU per minute of 0.19 (p < 0.0001). Using the conversion factor of $33.06 per RVU, this equated to $8.11 per minute for TKA versus $6.39 per minute for convTKA. ConvTKA was associated with higher overall complication (10.9% versus 6.5%, p < 0.0001), blood transfusion (6.6% versus 3.7%, p < 0.01), reoperation (2.3% versus 0.94%, p < 0.0001), and readmission (3.7% versus 1.8%, p < 0.001) rates.

Conclusions:
The current billing guidelines lead to lower compensation for convTKA despite its increased complexity. The longer operative time, higher complication rate, and increased resource utilization may incentivize providers to avoid performing this operation. CPT code revaluation is warranted to reflect the time and effort associated with this procedure.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analysis of Transient Characteristics of Induced Polarization in Innovative Mineral Exploration Solutions (from Case Studies of Gold Deposits)
Authors: Gurin G.V. , Tarasov A.V. , Titov К.V. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
—The paper discusses current state of the spectral approach to analysis of induced polarization (IP), its possibilities and limitations, along with directions for the method development. Reviewed are the main methods and approaches for estimation of spectral IP parameters and their specific features. Our practical experiments have shown the advantages of analysis of transient IP characteristics over standard approaches to the IP data analysis and processing. Results of the standard and spectral approaches application to analysis of IP data when solving mineral exploration problems at the Maletoyvayam gold deposit (Kamchatka Peninsula) and the Yasnoe gold occurrence (Taimyr Peninsula) are compared. Here, we demonstrate that low efficiency of works is erroneously regarded as one of the main factors hindering a broad adoption of the spectral IP method in mineral exploration activities. Rather, it is a lack of automated techniques for analysis of transient IP characteristics. We propose a new approach to spectral analysis of IP data, based on the algorithms for image recognition of a reference object, and describe pioneering efforts of its practical application.
Interference Patterns Within a Circular Boundary
Authors: Korula Aswan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper we conduct a simple experiment within a circular ripple tank that conceals a paradox of unequal path lengths equivalent to the Michelson-Morley experiment of 1887. Leveraging on the equivalence of aqueous and optical interferometry, we analyse the outcome of our experiment to uncover a conflict between the predictions of general relativity and the symmetry of nature. Most astoundingly, it may be possible that this everyday
phenomena and its analysis has somehow escaped the attention of rational thinkers from
antiquity to the present day.
Automated western blot analysis of ototoxin-induced prestin burst in the blood after cyclodextrin exposure
Authors: Harrison Megan S , Driscoll Brittany G , Farnsworth Jason , Hinton Ashley , Peppi Marcello , McLean Will , Parham Kourosh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

In the clinical realm, we primarily rely on audiological measures for diagnosis and surveillance of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and have limited therapeutic options. We have proposed a blood-based biomarker approach to overcome this challenge by measuring the outer hair cell’s (OHC) electromotile protein, prestin, in the blood. In a guinea pig model of cyclodextrin (CDX) ototoxicity, using western blots, we show that prestin in the blood may have several different forms and specifically the ~ 134 kDa form spikes after ototoxin ablation of OHCs. This form appears to be a glycosylated dimer likely secreted by the inner ear as exosomes reflecting increased expression after ototoxin exposure. These results suggest that the ~ 134 kDa dimer may serve as a biomarker for early detection of ototoxicity in the clinical setting. However, because prestin can still be measured in the blood after total ablation of OHCs, its ability to inform on OHC health is restricted to a narrow window after ototoxin-induced injury. Monitoring prestin, when using therapeutics with ototoxic properties, could guide dosage and administration schedule to minimize damage.
Extending the speed range of super-high-speed electric air compressor based on erosion analysis of the stator voltage stability domain
Authors: hu donghai , Hu Leli , Zhou Jiaming , Yang Qingqing , Zhang Jiongzhi , Li Jianwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fuel cell vehicles have high energy conversion efficiency, which can completely replace gasoline and diesel in fuel. The development of super-high-speed electric air compressor (SHSEAC) has become one of the important guarantees for the high power output performance of fuel cells. The maximum rotational speed and rotational speed fluctuation of the SHSEAC have become the key factors affecting the power output of the super-high-speed electric air compressor. When the SHSEAC reaches a certain limit during the actual speed-up process, it will enter the chaotic region, and the phenomenon of speed fluctuation will occur, which inhibits the maximum speed that can be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of the d-axis stator voltage (Ud) and q-axis stator voltage (Uq) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) on the speed stability domain, and to suppress the speed fluctuation by optimizing the voltage stability domain, thereby expanding the speed range of the SHSEAC. First, the nonlinear dynamic model of the SHSEAC is established and the Ud and Uq balance points are calculated; secondly, the mutual erosion phenomenon of the Ud and Uq stability domains is revealed; finally, a stability migration control method based on rotational speed fluctuation is proposed. The experimental results show that after optimization, the speed fluctuation is reduced from 247.93 rpm to 18.56 rpm, and the maximum speed is increased from 152,155 rpm to 154,336 rpm.
Vascular epiphytes on large old-growth trees: the influence of ecological zones in epiphyte species composition
Authors: Scipioni Marcelo , Fischer Vera Lúcia de Souza Teixeira , Melo Edilaine Andrade , Caglioni Eder , Santos Vanderlei dos 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The over time establishment of epiphyte communities on large old-growth trees has shown that epiphyte numbers tend to rise in relation to the size of their phorophytes. The objective of our study was to perform a floristic survey of vascular epiphytes on last large old-growth trees in a subtropical forest and to compare species richness between conifers and hardwood trees. Nine phorophytes (0.9 - 2.1 m in diameter and 22 - 40 m in height) in one of the last remaining old-growth forests were selected for study. Epiphyte locations on the trees were divided into the following ecological zones: base of the trunk: first 1.30 m above ground; mid-section of the trunk: from the trunk base to the crown base; crown base: 1.30 m below the crown; and crown. We found 30 species of epiphytes, distributed in 21 genera and 11 families. Among the distribution patterns of the epiphytes there were species predominantly occurring in the basal or mid-trunk region of the phorophytes (e.g., Billbergia nutans); other species occupied the upper portion of the phorophyte, between the mid-trunk and the crown (e.g., Vriesea reitzii). The relationship between size in large old host trees and vascular epiphyte species richness is not positive and linear. Vascular epiphyte species richness by host trees species was indifferent among large old trees species, even though Ocotea porosa (hardwood) has an apparently larger crown greater and show more abundance of epiphytes than that of Araucaria angustifolia (conifer).
A Novel Method to Dynamically Observe the Three-dimensional Global Oceanic Dissolved Organic Carbon Reservoir
Authors: Yan Mingquan , Liu Zhongli , Mo Shansheng , zhang chenyang , Liu Fei , Korshin Gregory 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The current ex situ analytical methods to determine concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are largely inadequate to form a dynamic understanding of the global carbon cycling, especially given the urgent need to understand how the oceans are responding to increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 and climate change. Here we establish a DOC algorithm, referred to as DOCUVFW, that is based on absorption characteristics of dissolved organic matter in the wavelength range of 275-443 nm. The algorithm performs uniformly for coastal and pelagic waters, as well as inland waters with DOC concentrations varying by several orders of magnitude. By applying the DOCUVFW algorithm, the three-dimensional distribution of oceanic DOC could be quantified via ocean color observed complementarily using field-observation spectral data and satellite remote-sensing images.
BaoShenTongLuo formula protects against podocyte injury by regulating AMPK-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in diabetic kidney disease.
Authors: Guo Yifan , Wang Mengdi , Liu Yufei , Pang Yanyu , Tian Lei , Zhao Jingwen , Liu Mengchao , Shen Cun , Meng Yuan , Wang Yuefen , Cai Zhen , Zhao Wenjing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be an important contributor in podocyte injury under diabetic conditions. The BaoShenTongLuo (BSTL) formula has been shown to reduce podocyte damage and postpone the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The potential mechanisms underlying the effects of BSTL, however, have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the effects of BSTL are related to the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis via the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway.
Methods:HPLC-ESI-MS analysis was performed to investigate the characteristics of pure compounds in BSTL. db/db mice and mouse podocyte clone-5 (MPC5) cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) to induce DKD and podocyte damage. Body weight, random blood glucose, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), indicators of renal function and renal histological lesions were measured. Markers of podocyte injury, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were assessed. Protein expressions of AMPK, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial fusion protein 2 (MFN2) and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) were also detected. MPC5 cells were transfected with AMPKα small interfering RNA (AMPKα siRNA) to determine the underlying mechanisms of BSTL improvement of mitochondrial function under diabetic conditions.
Results: In vivo, treatment with BSTL reduced the UACR levels, reversed the histopathological changes in renal tissues, and alleviated the podocyte injury observed in db/db mice. After BSTL treatment, the decreased mtDNA content and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, III, and IV activities were significantly improved, and these effects were accompanied by maintenance of the protein expression of p-AMPKαT172, PGC-1α, TFAM and MFN2. The in vitro experiments also showed that BSTL reduced podocyte apoptosis, suppressed excessive cellular ROS production, and reversed the decreased in MMP that were observed under HG conditions. More importantly, the effects of BSTL in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and reducing podocyte apoptosis were inhibited in AMPKα siRNA-treated podocytes.
Conclusion: BSTL plays a crucial role in protecting against podocyte injury by regulating the AMPK-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in DKD.
Efficacy and safety of carnitine supplementation on NAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Aiping , Cai Yitong , Yuan Yuan , Liu Ming , Zhang Zhengjing , Xu Yongquan , Jiao Pingzu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background & Objective: The efficacy and safety of L-carnitine supplementation on Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of L-carnitine supplementation on NAFLD.
Methods: We searched in four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) from inception to 1 November 2022 for potentially relevant records without language restrictions. We collected information on first author, publication year, country, setting, study design, population characteristics, duration of follow-up, outcome variables of interest, and sources of funding. We using a modified Cochrane risk of bias tool assessed the risk of bias, and using GRADE assessed the certainly of evidence, and using the Credibility of Effect Modification Analyses (ICEMAN) tool assessed the credibility of any apparent subgroup effect.
Results:This systematic review and meta-analysis included eight eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Low certainty evidence show that L-carnitine supplementation significantly changes (reduced) in the AST levels and ALT levels (MD: -26.38, 95%CI: -45.46 to -7.30). Moderate certainty evidence show that L-carnitine supplementation significantly changes in the HDL-cholesterol levels (MD: 1.14, 95%CI: 0.21 to 2.07) and the Triglyceride levels (MD: -6.92, 95%CI: -13.82 to -0.03). Moderate credibility of ICEMAN result show that L-carnitine supplementation no difference on changes of AST and ALT levels in younger (MD: 0.5, 95%CI: -0.70 to 1.70), but have significantly changes (reduced) in the adults (MD: -20.3, 95%CI: -28.62 to -12.28).
Conclusion: L-carnitine supplementation may improve liver function and regulates triglyceride metabolism in patients with NAFLD, and with no significant adverse effects.
Influence of feeding mustard oil cake and soybean meal in calf starter on growth and blood metabolites of crossbred dairy calves
Authors: Sarker Md. Abid Hasan , Hossain Nobin , Arefin Sumaiya , Bari Md. Sadakatul , Habib Md. Rezwanul , Khandakar Md. Mehedi Hasan , Islam Md. Zakirul , Islam Mohammad Ashiqul , Rashid Md. Harun-ur- , Siddiki Mohammad Shohel Rana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The study was designed to envisage the changes in growth measurements and blood metabolites of crossbred dairy calves in response to calf starters feeding with different protein sources. All calves up to three days of age were kept on colostrum feeding. Then, calves were given 2.5 L of fresh whole milk for up to 10 days and 3 L of fresh whole milk for up to 56 days. Calves were fed a farm starter (control), other dietary groups starter containing mustard oil cake (MOC), soybean meal (SM), and a mixture of MOC and SM as MOCSM protein sources. Starting on day 21, all of the calves received starter feeds. On day 56, they were weaned, and the study included calves until day 70. Data were recorded on dry matter intake, growth measurements and blood nutrients profile. Calves consumed greater DM when MOC in the starter was supplied, which was 22.5% more than that of the control-fed group. Calves feeding with SM and MOCSM consumed almost similar quantities of DM at 220.87 and 224.87 g/head/day, respectively. The BWG of calves increased significantly by 5.04 and 4.06% more in the MOC-fed group than in the SM and MOCSM groups. MOC, SM, and MOCSM-fed calves had similar (p > 0.05) BLG; however, the control diet had significantly lower BLG. Blood glucose levels did not vary among the calves fed the control, MOC, SM, and MOCSM diets. Significantly higher serum albumin, urea, and BUN concentrations were found in MOC diet-fed calves than in others. Calcium and phosphorus concentration varied significantly among dietary groups and was noticeably lower in the control group compared to the other dietary groups. The results revealed that calf starters endowed with MOC as a protein source and in combination with SM were found advantageous in improving body growth and development.
Study on Collection and Retention Efficiencies of a New Integrated Collector Storage Solar Water Heating System Using a Planar Thermal Diode: An Experimental Study
Authors: farzan hadi , Yousefelahi Mohammad Javad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thermal diodes are a novel method to rectify the heat transfer mechanism, and this technique helps reduce heat losses in solar thermal collectors. The current study introduced a new planar thermal diode integrated collector storage (ICS) solar water heating system to analyze the effectiveness of the newly introduced thermal diode in reducing heat losses. This thermal diode ICS system utilizes water as phase change materials to transfer heat through evaporation and condensation. Three scenarios were considered to assess the dynamics of the thermal diode ICS: atmospheric-pressure and depressurized thermal diodes, Ppartial = 0, -0.2, -0.4 bar. The water temperature reached 40 oC, 46 oC, and 42 oC in Ppartial = 0, -0.2, and − 0.4 bar, respectively. The heat gain coefficients are 38.61, 40.65, and 39.26 W/K, while the heat loss coefficients are 9.56, 5.16, and 7.03 W/K in Ppartial = 0, -0.2, and − 0.4 bar, respectively. The optimum heat collection and retention efficiencies are 45.3% and 33.5% in Ppartial = -0.2 bar. Hence, there is an optimum partial pressure to achieve the best performance, equal to -0.2 bar. The acquired results illustrate the robustness of the planar thermal diode in reducing heat losses and rectifying the heat transfer mechanism.
Dental arch spatial changes after premature loss of first primary molars: A systematic review and meta-analysis of split-mouth studies
Authors: Zhao Jingzi , Jin Hua , Li Xiaoning , Qin Xiurong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background This study aimed to evaluate spatial changes in dental arches resulting from premature loss of first primary molars and assess the necessity of a space maintainer. Methods We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials, and EMBASE. Split-mouth studies involving unilateral premature loss of a primary first molar were included. Quality assessment of selected studies made use of the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Mean space differences were calculated for the D + E and D spaces, arch width, arch length, arch perimeter. Results Of the 329 studies considered, 11 split-mouth studies were selected, including 246 cases in the maxilla and 217 in the mandible from 477 individuals aged 5–10 years. Over the medium-term follow-up period (6–24 months), space loss was 0.65 mm in the maxillary D + E (MD 0.65, 95% CI 0.15–1.16, P = 0.01), 1.24 mm in the mandibular D + E (MD 1.24, 95% CI 0.60–1.89, P < 0.01), and 1.47 mm in the mandibular D (MD 1.47, 95% CI 0.66–2.28, P < 0.01). There was no significant change in arch width, length, or arch perimeter between the initial and follow-up examinations (P > 0.05). Factors such as age, time since tooth extraction, facial types, dental arches, eruptive status of the first permanent molar and molar relationships influenced the space change . Conclusions It is advisable to assess related factors such as age, time since tooth extraction, facial types, dental arch, eruptive status of the first permanent molar, and molar relationships before using a space maintainer after premature loss of first primary molars.