bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of physical post‐exercise recovery techniques on vagally‐mediated heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Laborde Sylvain , Wanders Jannik , Mosley Emma , Javelle Florian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn sports, physical recovery following exercise‐induced fatigue is mediated via the reactivation of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). A noninvasive way to quantify the reactivation of the PNS is to assess vagally‐mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), which can then be used as an index of physical recovery. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated the effects of physical recovery techniques following exercise‐induced fatigue on vmHRV, specifically via the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Randomized controlled trials from the databases PubMed, WebOfScience, and SportDiscus were included. Twenty‐four studies were part of the systematic review and 17 were included in the meta‐analysis. Using physical post‐exercise recovery techniques displayed a small to moderate positive effect on RMSSD (k = 22, Hedges' g = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20–0.61, p = 0.04) with moderate heterogeneity. In the subgroup analyses, cold water immersion displayed a moderate to large positive effect (g = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.42–1.07) compared with none for other techniques. For exercise type, physical recovery techniques performed after resistance exercise (g = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.48–0.89) demonstrated a larger positive effect than after cardiovascular intermittent (g = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.06–0.97), while physical recovery techniques performed after cardiovascular continuous exercise had no effect. No significant subgroup differences for training status and exercise intensity were observed. Overall, physical post‐exercise recovery techniques can accelerate PNS reactivation as indexed by vmHRV, but the effectiveness varies with the technique and exercise type.
Real world experience with conversion from valganciclovir to letermovir for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis: Letermovir reverses leukopenia and avoids mycophenolate dose reduction
Authors: Jorgenson Margaret R. , Descourouez Jillian L. , Saddler Christopher M. , Smith Jeannina A. , Odorico Jon S. , Rice John P. , Mandelbrot Didier A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeValganciclovir (VGC) is the gold‐standard for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis (PPX) after solid organ transplant (SOT). Letermovir (LTV) was recently approved in high‐risk kidney transplant and has reduced myelosuppressive toxicity. Conversion from VGC to LTV may be pursued in the setting of leukopenia. It is unknown if this strategy is effective.MethodsAdult patients receiving abdominal SOT were included if converted from VGC to LTV between January 1, 2018 and January 31, 2023. Primary objective was to describe the impact of LTV conversion as measured by WBC recovery, mycophenolate modification, and use of GCSF, and prophylaxis efficacy assessed by course completion and breakthrough DNAemia. Secondary objective was to evaluate rates of post‐prophylaxis CMV.ResultsSeventy five SOT recipients met inclusion criteria. Mean change in WBC in response to LTV conversion by day 14 was +2.02 ± 2.52 k/uL. 75%(56/75) of the population did not require mycophenolate adjustment or had their dose increased after conversion. GCSF was required in 38.7%(29/75) prior to conversion; only 21.3%(16/75) of patients required GCSF after conversion. Early termination was uncommon, 14.7%(11/75) stopped due to lack of ongoing insurance approval, only one patient stopped due to adverse effects (1.3%). One patient had clinically significant breakthrough (1.3%) that was successfully managed with VGC. Incidence of post prophylaxis CMV was 40%.ConclusionWithholding of VGC with LTV conversion may improve leukopenia without need for additional supportive measures. Most importantly, this strategy avoided additional mycophenolate modifications. In our study, LTV was associated with low rates of breakthrough. Post‐prophylaxis CMV was similar to VGC prophylaxis.
Groin wound management after decannulation of veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in heart transplantation: Role of sartorius muscle flap
Authors: Isath Ameesh , Gregory Vasiliki , Ohira Suguru , Levine Avi , Dhand Abhay , Laskowski Igor , Mateo Romeo , Babu Sateesh , Spielvogel David , Kai Masashi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe management of complex groin wounds following VA‐ECMO after heart transplant (HT) is uncertain due to limited experience. Sartorius muscle flaps (SMF) have been used in vascular surgery for groin wound complications. However, their use in HT recipients with perioperative VA‐ECMO is unclear. This study aims to describe characteristics and outcomes of HT patients with groin complications after arterial decannulation for femoral VA‐ECMO.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed HT patients who underwent peri‐transplant femoral VA‐ECMO at our institution from April 2011 to February 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence of cannulation‐related wound complications.ResultsAmong the 34 patients requiring VA‐ECMO peri‐transplant, 17 (50%) experienced complications at the cannulation site. Baseline characteristics including duration of VA‐ECMO support were comparable in both groups. Patients with complications presented mostly with open wounds (41.1%) after a median duration of 22 days post‐transplant. Concurrent groin infections were observed in 52.3% of patients, all caused by gram‐negative bacteria.Wound complications were managed with 12 (70.6%) undergoing SMF treatment and 5 (31.2%) receiving conventional therapy. Four SMF recipients had preemptive procedures for wound dehiscence, while eight underwent SMF for groin infections. Among the SMF group, 11 patients had favorable outcomes without recurrent complications, except for one patient who developed a groin infection with pseudoaneurysm formation. Conventional therapy with vacuum assisted closure (VAC) and antibiotics were utilized in four patients without infection and one patient with infection. Three patients required additional surgeries with favorable healing of the wound.ConclusionComplications related to femoral VA‐ECMO are common in HT patients, with infection being the most frequent complication. SMFs can be a useful tool to prevent progression of infection and improve local healing.
Technical change and the postwar slowdown in Soviet economic growth in a long run perspective, 1885–2019
Authors: Kukić Leonard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe existing studies usually find that technical change was very important in constraining the economic growth of the Soviet Union. While these studies have been successful in quantifying the extent of technical change, they have been less successful in quantifying its nature. This paper moves a step closer to probing the essence of Soviet efficiency by splitting the aggregate technical change into its subcomponents – namely, capital and labour efficiency. I find that the Soviet Union registered strong labour efficiency gains during most of the postwar period, converging towards the labour efficiency level of the global frontier – the US. Labour efficiency growth did decrease over time, but labour efficiency was not a primary cause of Soviet growth retardation. That retardation was instead caused by a decline in capital efficiency. At a disaggregated level, I find that the decrease in capital efficiency was driven by structures. I hypothesize that labour shortages and an inadequate investment policy resulted in a large stock of unfinished, and hence idle, structures, distorting Soviet economic growth.
Carnap and the a priori
Authors: Marschall Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhat are Carnap's views on the epistemology of mathematics? Did he believe in a priori justification, and if so, what is his account of it? One might think that such questions are misguided, since in the 1930s Carnap came to reject traditional epistemology as a confused mixture of logic and psychology. But things are not that simple. Drawing on recent work by Richardson and Uebel, I will show that Carnap's mature metaphilosophy leaves room for two distinct notions of a priori justification: one propositional, the other doxastic. The latter is especially interesting since it comes closest to a traditional understanding of a priority. On the other hand, Carnap has little to say about doxastic justification in his writings. This lacuna can be filled by drawing on an unpublished exchange with Irving M. Copi. In it, so I will show, Carnap endorses the view that agents can come to know all mathematical truths a priori. This fact, so I will further argue, can be used to adjudicate a dispute between Ricketts and Friedman about the nature and viability of Carnap's philosophy of mathematics—specifically his reliance on infinitary methods.
Hair relaxation after shaping – A kinetic approach
Authors: Breakspear S. , Noecker B. , Popescu C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveHair fibres have been shaped via either a thermal route or via a chemical route. The time‐relaxation transients of the shaped hairs in air, and in water, respectively, were evaluated. The collected data were kinetically modelled in order to reveal information about the rate controlling mechanism of the recovery process.MethodsHair fibres were thermally shaped at different temperatures between heated plates and left to relax in an environment of controlled humidity and temperature. Different hair fibres were chemically shaped and left to relax in water of different controlled temperatures. Relaxation data were used for modelling the kinetics of the recovery processes by using exponential and logarithmic kinetic laws. The fitting of the models to the two sets of data has been checked by using the residual sum of squares for matching the proper model to each set of data.ResultsThe processes of shaping and recovery were assimilated with a sequence of two successive quasi‐chemical reactions, occurring at the used temperatures. Based on chemical and physical assumptions, the two groups of experiments were modelled by two different laws: an exponential law, suggesting a first‐order process as the rate‐determining step of the relaxation of thermally shaped fibres, and a logarithmic law, suggesting a slow relaxation, based on percolation theory, for the chemically shaped fibres. This allowed use of chemical kinetics tools for calculating the values of the activation energy in each case. The evaluated values of activation energy of the relaxation processes for both thermal and chemical shaping were found to be close to each other, in spite of the different methods of shaping.ConclusionThe kinetic analysis suggests that despite different reaction sequences occurring during the different shaping‐relaxation processes, the rate‐controlling mechanism that manages the recovery process is the same in all cases; and this process is proposed to be the thiol‐disulphide reformation of intra‐protein bonds inside hair.
Anthropomorphism and consumer behaviour: ASPAR‐4‐SLRprotocol compliant hybrid review
Authors: Khan Fateh Mohd , Anas Mohammad , Uddin S. M. Fatah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe notion of ‘anthropomorphism’ has been a subject of intrigue for transdisciplinary academics and scholars for the longest time, as the origin of this concept dates back to the BCE (Before Common Era). Over the past few decades, anthropomorphism literature has been burgeoning in the marketing discipline and its subfields (branding, advertising, consumer behaviour, etc.). This relatively novel stream adopts anthropomorphism as a concept and offers fascinating insights into consumers and their choices, behaviour, and intentions. Although there have been several qualitative review‐based assessments of anthropomorphism within the marketing field, none have been informed by quantitative tools or through a framework‐based approach. Our hybrid variant of systematic review fills this gap by using bibliometric techniques (performance analysis, co‐authorship analysis of countries and authors, and co‐word analysis of keywords) and Theories‐Context‐Characteristics‐Methods (TCCM) framework to show theevolution,trends,and intellectual structure of anthropomorphismin consumer behaviour research. We depict the evolving trajectory and trends over time using a sample of 432 peer‐reviewed journal articles and 27,671 secondary references (between 2005 and 2023) on anthropomorphism in consumer behaviour. Significant results include identifying and describing the most influential authors, articles, journals and countries, different research streams, their development, and future research directions. We also present six knowledge clusters delineating the intellectual knowledge structure of the field. An additional section depicting theories employed, characteristics explored, contexts examined, and methods utilized in the domain have also been presented. Furthermore, we used the TCCM framework to orchestrate possible trajectories for future research. By doing this, we offer academics and practitioners a systematic comprehension of the advancements in the domain and a comprehensive road map for future research.
Symptom prevalence and secondary attack rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 in rural Kenyan households: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Gallagher Katherine E. , Nyiro Joyce , Agoti Charles N. , Maitha Eric , Nyagwange James , Karani Angela , Bottomley Christian , Murunga Nickson , Githinji George , Mutunga Martin , Ochola‐Oyier Lynette Isabella , Kombe Ivy , Nyaguara Amek , Kagucia E. Wangeci , Warimwe George , Agweyu Ambrose , Tsofa Benjamin , Bejon Philip , Scott J. Anthony G. , Nokes David James 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe estimated the secondary attack rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 among household contacts of PCR‐confirmed cases of COVID‐19 in rural Kenya and analysed risk factors for transmission.MethodsWe enrolled incident PCR‐confirmed cases and their household members. At baseline, a questionnaire, a blood sample, and naso‐oropharyngeal swabs were collected. Household members were followed 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days after the date of the first PCR‐positive in the household; naso‐oropharyngeal swabs were collected at each visit and used to define secondary cases. Blood samples were collected every 1–2 weeks. Symptoms were collected in a daily symptom diary. We used binomial regression to estimate secondary attack rates and survival analysis to analyse risk factors for transmission.ResultsA total of 119 households with at least one positive household member were enrolled between October 2020 and September 2022, comprising 503 household members; 226 remained in follow‐up at day 14 (45%). A total of 43 secondary cases arose within 14 days of identification of the primary case, and 81 household members remained negative. The 7‐day secondary attack rate was 4% (95% CI 1%–10%), the 14‐day secondary attack rate was 28% (95% CI 17%–40%). Of 38 secondary cases with data, eight reported symptoms (21%, 95% CI 8%–34%). Antibody to SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein at enrolment was not associated with risk of becoming a secondary case.ConclusionHouseholds in our setting experienced a lower 7‐day attack rate than a recent meta‐analysis indicated as the global average (23%–43% depending on variant), and infection is mostly asymptomatic in our setting.
Relationship satisfaction in Black heterosexual couples: The role of self‐compassion and openness
Authors: Williams Zenova , Baptist Joyce 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study examined how Black heterosexual couples cope with the impact of racial discrimination on their relationship. The Vulnerability Stress Adaptation (VSA) model was utilized to examine the role of self‐compassion in mitigating negative interaction in the relationship and how racial discrimination might disrupt this protective process. Further, the influence of open communication on the relationship between negative interaction and overall relationship satisfaction was explored. Participants included 210 Black married heterosexual couples. A common‐fate moderated mediation model was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that first, higher levels of self‐compassion in both spouses were associated with lower negative interaction within the couple's relationship. Second, among wives, the relationship between self‐compassion and negative interaction changed in response to higher levels of racial discrimination. Third, couples' negative interaction suppressed the positive effects of self‐compassion on overall relationship satisfaction. Fourth, for wives, the level of open communication played a role in the relationship between negative interaction and relationship satisfaction. Fifth, specifically for wives, the extent to which self‐compassion was related to relationship satisfaction through negative interaction depended on the level of discrimination perceived by wives and the degree of open communication in their relationships. The findings have implications for clinical work and further research.
Persian orientalism: Raciolinguistic ideologies and the construction of ‘Iranianness’
Authors: Mohammadpour Ahmad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article excavates the Eurocentric roots of Iranian nationalist discourse, which emerged from the political and intellectual trajectories of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Premised on the epistemic privilege of the Persian language, a selective remembrance of the past, and forging an internal Other, I contend that this raciolinguistic ideology equated Persianness with Iranianness and naturalised Persian as both a language and a race. I begin by tracing the origin of Iranianness or Irāniyat: a concept coined by Mirza Fath'Ali Akhundzadeh and Mirza Aqa Khan Kermani, two influential figures in late Qajar Iran, whose writings introduced and disseminated the Eurocentric and Orientalist view of the non‐Persian Other. In the second section, I examine how the Berlin Circle, a group of Iranian nationalist intellectuals in the early 20th century, elaborated these ideas into a coherent racial and political ideology that later informed the Pahlavis' state‐building project in 1925. The last section of the article engages with the recent neologism of the ‘Persianate World’, an intellectual enterprise imbued with an Orientalist predisposition that aims to inscribe a trans‐border and transcultural quality to Persian culture far beyond its current boundaries, encompassing Eurasia and Central Asia.
Aquinas on Wisdom
Authors: O'Grady Paul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe topic of wisdom attracted much less attention in modern thought than in ancient and medieval times. However, there has been a renewal of interest in it in recent psychology and philosophy, and a variety of questions has emerged from this current work. Aquinas has a detailed and elaborate account of the wisdom which pervades hisoeuvre. This paper explores that and seeks to answer some of these contemporary questions from Aquinas's perspective.
Aquinas and Anscombe on Connaturality and Moral Knowledge
Authors: Haldane John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe idea of ‘connatural knowledge’ is attributed to Aquinas on the basis of passages in which he distinguishes between scientific and affective experiential knowledge of religious and moral truths. In a series of encyclicals beginning with Leo XIII's Aeterni Patris, popes have celebrated and commended Aquinas as the supreme guide in philosophy and theology and in some of these cited his discovery of connatural knowledge. The course and context of his ‘elevation’ are explored before proceeding to a discussion of moral knowledge in which different forms of non-theoretical cognition are identified. This leads to an examination of work by Elizabeth Anscombe on the factuality of ethical judgement and connaturality. Aquinas and Anscombe offer important insights but more work remains to be done. Moral knowledge is a many-faceted thing. More accurately, it is not one thing but many things analogously related both by their modes and by their objects.
Adolescents' capacity to take action on obesity: A concurrent controlled before‐and‐after study of the European CO‐CREATE project
Authors: Herstad Sondre Haugsbø , Grewal Navnit Kaur , Banik Anna , Klepp Knut‐Inge , Knai Cecile , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Mendes Sofia , Rito Ana , Rutter Harry , Lien Nanna 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis study evaluated the effect on reported readiness for action and attitudes toward obesity prevention among older adolescents (mean age 17) who took part in a youth‐led participatory action research European initiative (CO‐CREATE Youth Alliances) compared with a comparison group that acted as controls. This was a concurrent before‐and‐after controlled study across five countries and took place between September 2019 and October 2020. Adolescents (n = 159) recruited from schools and youth organizations came together with researchers and formed 15 Youth Alliances. An online questionnaire measuring their readiness for action and attitudes toward obesity prevention was administered. Alliance members (n = 62) who filled in the questionnaire at both baseline and postinitiative, and adolescents from the comparison group (n = 132) who completed the questionnaire twice were included in the main analysis. Two‐level linear mixed models controlling for country‐related variance were fitted. Alliance members scored significantly higher than the comparison group on two factors in each of the readiness for action, responsibility, and drivers of behavior concepts. The findings suggest that involving youth in co‐creating policies to prevent obesity may increase adolescents' readiness for action and promote a shift in adolescents' conceptualization of obesity from an individual perspective to a societal responsibility and drivers of behavior.
Learning from the CO‐CREATE project: A protocol for systems thinking across research (STAR)
Authors: Knai Cécile , Savona Natalie , Finegood Diane , Aguiar Anaely , Blanchard Laurence , Conway‐Moore Kaitlin , Helleve Arnfinn , Klepp Knut‐Inge , Lien Nanna , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Vlad Ioana , Rønnestad Alfred Mestad , Rutter Harry 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe CO‐CREATE project aimed to work with young people to create, inform, and disseminate obesity‐preventive evidence‐based policies using a complex systems perspective. This paper draws lessons from this experience and proposes a protocol for embedding systems thinking within a research project. We first draw on existing systems thinking frameworks to analyze how systems thinking was translated across CO‐CREATE, including the flow and relationship between the work packages and in the methods used. We then take the lessons from CO‐CREATE and the principles of existing systems thinking frameworks—which focus on various points of intervention planning and delivery but not on research projects as a whole—to formulate a protocol for embedding systems thinking across a research project. Key lessons for future planning and delivery of systems‐oriented research projects include incorporating “boundary critique” by capturing key stakeholder (adolescent) values and concerns; working to avoid social exclusion; ensuring methodological pluralism to allow for reflection and responsiveness (with methods ranging from group model building, Photovoice, and small group engagement); getting policy recipients to shape key questions by understanding their views on the critical drivers of obesity early on in the project; and providing opportunity for intraproject reflection along the way.