bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eliminating transseptal sheath exchange for pulsed field ablation procedures using a direct over-the-needle transseptal access with the Faradrive sheath
Authors: Kueffer Thomas , Madaffari Antonio , Thalmann Gregor , Mühl Aline , Galuszka Oskar , Baldinger Samuel , Seiler Jens , Tanner Hildegard , Kobza Richard , Roten Laurent , Berte Benjamin , Reichlin Tobias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsPulsed field ablation (PFA) for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) combines the benefits of high procedural efficacy and safety. Transseptal puncture (TSP) to obtain left atrial (LA) access during PVI remains an important source of complications during LA procedures. For PFA procedures, TSP is generally performed using a standard transseptal sheath that is then exchanged over the wire for a dedicated PFA sheath, which might be a potential source for air embolism. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the feasibility and safety of a simplified workflow using the PFA sheath (Faradrive, Boston Scientific) directly for TSP.Methods and ResultsWe prospectively enrolled 100 patients undergoing PVI using PFA at two centres. TSP was performed using the PFA sheath and a standard 98 cm transseptal needle under fluoroscopic guidance. TSP via the PFA sheath was successfully performed in all patients and no complications occurred. The median time from the first groin puncture to the completed LA access was 12 min (IQR 8–16 min).ConclusionAn over-the-needle TSP directly with the PFA sheath proved feasible and safe in our study. This simplified workflow has the potential to reduce the risk of air embolism, to shorten procedure time, and to reduce cost.
Effect of different forms of selenium in osteoporosis rat model induced by retinoic acid
Authors: Li Haitao , Guo Yan , Chen Xiaoyan , Man Zhengyin , Zhang Xiaotao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is a typical physiological disease, the main symptoms of which are brittle fracture, bone pain and easily deformed. As an individual ages, the prevalence of osteoporosis increases year by year. In the present study, selenium with antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects was used to prevent osteoporosis induced by retinoic acid. The serum calcium contents in the selenium-treated groups (sodium selenite and selenomethionine) were significantly higher (P&lt;0.05) than those in the model group in both the prevention and treatment studies. After prevention, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase transaminase (GOT), glutamate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) levels were significantly (P&lt;0.05) decreased. In the treatment study, the serum calcium and phosphorus contents of the rats increased after selenium treatment. There was no significant change (P&gt;0.05) in the activity of GOT and GPT. The content of ALP decreased obviously and the TRACP enzyme activity increased. Overall, these results showed that different forms of selenium compounds have great potential in preventing and treating osteoporosis.
Geodetic imaging of ground deformation and reservoir parameters at the Yangbajing Geothermal Field, Tibet, China
Authors: Zhang Yinpeng , Xiang Wei , Liu Guoxiang , Wang Xiaowen , Zhang Rui , Zhang Xue , Tong Jinzhao , Yuan Hailun , Zhang Can 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYMonitoring and modeling ground surface deformation are crucial for the dynamic assessment of geothermal resources and sustainable exploitation in a geothermal field. In this study, we extract the deformation in the Yangbajing geothermal field by the small baseline-synthetic aperture radar interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) method using 141 Sentinel-1A images collected between March 2017 and November 2021. The InSAR result indicates both uplift and subsidence in the geothermal field. Subsequently, we use a dual-source model combining a dipping ellipsoid and a rectangular surface to model the shallow reservoir that contracted to cause the complex subsidence field in the north of the geothermal field. The shallow reservoir that expanded to cause the uplift in the south is modeled by an ellipsoid source. The parameters inversion is processed by the nonlinear Bayesian inversion method which has been applied to search the optimal parameters setting in a priori space and evaluate the uncertainties by the confidence intervals. To validate our inversion results, we collect the data from 31 wells including extraction and injection wells, detailed tectonic survey data and geothermal isotherms of the Yangbajing geothermal field. The modeled shallow reservoir in the north is within a 140 °C ground isotherm and a 160 °C underground isotherm. The thickness and depth of the reservoir slightly exceed the data from producing wells, probably due to the structural subsidence of the reservoir. The geometric structure is consistent with the channel faults that control the formation and development of the shallow reservoirs. The modeled reservoir under the rebound area in the south is also validated by comparing the data. Furthermore, we estimate the volume loss and recovery of the contracting and expanding reservoirs. We analyse the deformation mechanisms by considering the tectonic formation, the reservoir structure, and the extraction and rechargeability of the reservoirs. This research suggests the deformation pattern of shallow porous reservoirs that have similar layer composition and tectonic structure elsewhere in the world. Moreover, it provides a theoretical model to explore the parameters and volume change of geothermal reservoirs in plateau-embedded basins around the world. Our work is significant for the conservation and development of geothermal energy in geothermal fields that experience deformation, both subsidence and uplift.
Reflection and transmission of plane harmonicPwave at planar interface between elastic medium and frozen poroelastic medium
Authors: Ma Qiang , Jiang Huipeng , Zhou Fengxi 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYBased on the propagation theory of elastic waves in three-phase frozen poroelastic media and single-phase elastic media, the energy transmission problem of a plane harmonic P-wave incident at the planar interface between elastic medium and frozen poroelastic medium is studied. According to the boundary conditions at the planar interface, the analytical expressions of the transmission and reflection coefficients and energy ratios of the transmitted and reflected waves are derived. The relationship between the energy of plane harmonic P-wave incident on the planar interface between elastic medium and frozen poroelastic medium and the incident angle, frequency of incident wave, cementation parameters, porosity, saturation and contact parameters are investigated. The results show that the incident angle significantly affects the reflection and transmission energy ratios; the incidence frequency only has a large effect on the transmission energy ratios of the transmitted P2, P3 and S2 waves; the contact parameters have a relatively large effect on the reflected S wave and the transmitted P2, P3, S1 and S2 waves, but have a smaller effect on the reflected P wave and the transmitted P1 wave; cementing parameters, porosity, saturation has a great influence on the energy ratios.
Government Reporting on Significant Developments in Environmental Legislation around the World: The Challenges of Symbolic Legislation
Authors: Pontin Ben , Stokes Elen , Hayward Zack , Xenophontos George 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The UK Environment Act 2021 imposes a duty on the Secretary of State to report on ‘significant’ developments in environmental legislation from around the world. The analysis explores this in the context of legislation which is significant by virtue of its symbolism, rather than (or in addition to) enforceable legal content. ‘Symbolic legislation’ has a long history in the field of the environment, and it remains highly pertinent to today. Whilst acknowledging the constitutional dangers of symbolic legislation, the authors argue that there is something particularly compelling about the use of legislation to achieve something different from, or additional to, the enforcement of enacted rules of behaviour in environmental law. The idea that legislation can or should serve as a vehicle for the expression of values, and/or embody important moral aspirations, has traction in environmental law contexts where there is both normative and epistemic uncertainty and problems are characteristically ‘hot’.
Enhanced TLR5-dependent migration and activation of antigen-loaded airway dendritic cells by flagellin
Authors: Li Xu , Cao Yuan , Mou Man , Li Jianlun , Huang Sijian , Zhang Ejuan , Yan Huimin , Yang Jingyi , Zhong Maohua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
TLR5 agonist flagellin is an effective mucosal adjuvant via intranasal administration. Previous studies demonstrated that the mucosal adjuvanticity of flagellin depends on TLR5 signaling of airway epithelial cells. Since dendritic cells play a central role in antigen sensitization and the initiation of primary immune responses, we wondered how dendritic cells were modulated by the intranasally administrated flagellin. In this study, a mouse model of intranasal immunization with ovalbumin, a model antigen, in the presence or absence of flagellin was utilized. We found that nasal administration of flagellin enhanced the coadministered antigen-specific antibody responses and T-cell clonal expansion in a TLR5-dependent manner. However, neither the entering of flagellin to nasal lamina propria nor the uptake of coadministered antigen by nasal resident dendritic cells was associated with TLR5 signaling. In contrast, migration of antigen-loaded dendritic cells from the nasal cavity to the cervical lymph nodes and activation of dendritic cells in the cervical lymph nodes were both enhanced through TLR5 signaling. Furthermore, for the dendritic cells, flagellin enhanced the expression of CCR7, which was pivotal for dendritic cells in the priming site migrating to draining lymph nodes. Interestingly, the migration, activation, and chemokine receptor expression levels of antigen-loaded dendritic cells were all significantly higher than that of bystander dendritic cells. In conclusion, intranasally administrated flagellin enhanced TLR5-dependent antigen-loaded dendritic cells’ migration and activation but not antigen uptake.
Giant circumflex artery with bilobed saccular aneurysm and right atrial fistula mimicking a bi-atrial hydatid cyst: a case report
Authors: Soufiani Aida , Chraibi Hamza , El-Mhadi Samah , Agoumy Zineb , Fassi Fehri Zineb , Fellat Rokya , Bensouda Adil , Bendagha Nesma , Moughil Said 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoronary artery fistulas (CAF) are rare anomalies that pose a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Most of them originate from the right coronary artery and are congenital. They are often associated with coronary aneurysms. We report the case of a 38-year-old Black man who presented with exertion dyspnea. Transthoracic echocardiography found what was thought to be a bi-atrial hydatid cyst, alongside a right atrial shunt. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic lesion hypointense on T1 and T2 sequences, located next to the left atrium as well as an aneurysmal circumflex artery shunting in the right atrium. Coronary angiography and computed tomography angiography confirmed the bilobed circumflex saccular aneurysm and CAF. The patient underwent a successful surgery, which consisted of closure of the fistula using two patches. He was discharged after an uneventful postoperative course. Our case report illustrates the diagnostic difficulty of CAF and the importance of multimodal imaging.
The path from the Chinese and Japanese observations of supernova 1181 AD, to a Type Iax supernova, to the merger of CO and ONe white dwarfs
Authors: Schaefer Bradley E 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
In 1181 ad, Chinese and Japanese observers reported an unmoving bright ‘Guest Star’ in the constellation Chuanshe, visible for 185 d. In 2013, D. Patchick discovered what turned out to be a unique nebula surrounding a unique star, with the structure named ‘Pa 30’, while subsequent workers made connections to mergers of white dwarfs, to the supernova subclass of low-luminosity Type Iax, and to the 1181 transient. Here, I provide a wide range of new observational pieces of evidence: First, detailed analysis of the original Chinese and Japanese reports places the ‘Guest Star’ of 1181 into a small region with the only interesting source being Pa 30. Second, the ancient records confidently place the peak magnitude as 0.0 &gt; Vpeak &gt; −1.4, and hence peak absolute magnitude −14.5 &gt;MV, peak&gt;−16.0 mag. Third, the Pa 30 central star is fading from B = 14.9 in 1889, to B = 16.20 in 1950, to B = 16.58 in 2022. Fourth, recent light curves show typical variability with full amplitude of 0.24 mag on time-scales of 1 d and longer, critically with no coherent modulations for periods from 0.00046–10 d to strict limits. Fifth, the spectral energy distribution from the far-infrared to the ultraviolet is a nearly perfect power law with Fν ∝ ν0.99 ± 0.07, observed luminosity 128 ± 24 L⊙, and absolute magnitude MV = +1.07. I collect my new pieces of evidence with literature results to make a confident case to connect the East-Asian observations to a supernova, then to Pa 30, then to a low-luminosity Type Iax SN, then to the only possible explosion mechanism as a merger between CO and ONe white dwarfs.
First results of the glitching pulsar monitoring programme at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy
Authors: Zubieta Ezequiel , Missel Ryan , Sosa Fiscella Valentina , Lousto Carlos O , del Palacio Santiago , López Armengol Federico G , García Federico , Combi Jorge A , Wang Linwei , Combi Luciano , Gancio Guillermo , Negrelli Carolina , Gutiérrez Eduardo M 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We report here on the first results of a systematic monitoring of southern glitching pulsars at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy that started in the year 2019. We detected a major glitch in the Vela pulsar (PSR J0835 − 4510) and two small glitches in PSR J1048 − 5832. For each glitch, we present the measurement of glitch parameters by fitting timing residuals. We then make an individual pulse study of Vela in observations before and after the glitch. We selected 6 days of observations around the major glitch on 2021 July 22 and study their statistical properties with machine learning techniques. We use variational autoencoder (VAE) reconstruction of the pulses to separate them clearly from the noise. We perform a study with self-organizing map (SOM) clustering techniques to search for unusual behaviour of the clusters during the days around the glitch not finding notable qualitative changes. We have also detected and confirmed recent glitches in PSR J0742 − 2822 and PSR J1740 − 3015.
Is the Harrison-Zel’dovich spectrum coming back? ACT preference forns∼ 1 and its discordance with Planck
Authors: Giarè William , Renzi Fabrizio , Mena Olga , Di Valentino Eleonora , Melchiorri Alessandro 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe Data Release 4 of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) shows an agreement with an Harrison-Zel’dovich primordial spectrum (ns = 1.009 ± 0.015), introducing a tension with a significance of 99.3 per cent Confidence Level (CL) with the results from the Planck satellite. The discrepancy on the value of the scalar spectral index is neither alleviated with the addition of large scale structure information nor with the low multipole polarization data. We discuss possible avenues to alleviate the tension relying on either neglecting polarization measurements from ACT or in extending different sectors of the theory.
DAHe white dwarfs from the DESI Survey
Authors: Manser Christopher J , Gänsicke Boris T , Inight Keith , Robert Akshay , Ahlen S , Allende Prieto C , Brooks D , Cooper A P , de la Macorra A , Font-Ribera A , Honscheid K , Kisner T , Landriau M , Meisner Aaron M , Miquel R , Nie Jundan , Poppett C , Tarlé Gregory , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A new class of white dwarfs, dubbed DAHe, that present Zeeman-split Balmer lines in emission has recently emerged. However, the physical origin of these emission lines remains unclear. We present here a sample of 21 newly identified DAHe systems and determine magnetic field strengths and (for a subset) periods that span the ranges of ≃6.5–147 MG and ≃0.4–36 h, respectively. All but four of these systems were identified from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey sample of more than 47 000 white dwarf candidates observed during its first year of observations. We present detailed analysis of the new DAHe WD J161634.36+541011.51 with a spin period of 95.3 min, which exhibits an anticorrelation between broad-band flux and Balmer line strength that is typically observed for this class of systems. All DAHe systems cluster closely on the Gaia Hertzsprung–Russell diagram where they represent ≃1 per cent of white dwarfs within that region. This grouping further solidifies their unexplained emergence at relatively late cooling times and we discuss this in context of current formation theories. Nine of the new DAHe systems are identifiable from Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectra of white dwarfs that had been previously classified as featureless DC-type systems. We suggest high-S/N (signal-to-noise ratios), unbiased observations of DCs as a possible route for discovering additional DAHe systems.
The appearance of a merging binary black hole very close to a spinning supermassive black hole
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyue , Chen Xian 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe mass and distance of a binary black hole (BBH) are fundamental parameters to measure in gravitational wave (GW) astronomy. It is well-known that the measurement is affected by cosmological redshift, and recent works also showed that Doppler and gravitational redshifts could further affect the result if the BBH coalesces close to a supermassive black hole (SMBH). Here we consider the additional lensing effect induced by the nearby SMBH on the measurement. We compute the null geodesics originating within 10 gravitational radii of a Kerr SMBH to determine the redshift and magnification of the GWs emitted by the BBH. We find a positive correlation between redshift and demagnification, which results in a positive correlation between the mass and distance of the BBH in the detector frame. More importantly, we find a higher probability for the signal to appear redshifted and demagnified to a distant observer, rather than blueshifted and magnified. Based on these results, we show that a binary at a cosmological redshift of zcos = (10−2–10−1) and composed of BHs of $(10\!-\!20)\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ could masquerade as a BBH at a redshift of zcos ∼ 1 and containing BHs as large as $(44\!-\!110)\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$. In the case of extreme demagnification, we also find that the same BBH could appear to be at zcos &gt; 10 and contain subsolar-mass BHs. Such an effect, if not accounted for, could bias our understanding of the origin of the BHs detected via GWs.
Increased Nicotine Consumption in Australia During the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Thai Phong K , Tscharke Benjamin J , O’Brien Jake , Gartner Coral , Bade Richard , Gerber Cobus , White Jason M , Zheng Qiuda , Wang Zhe , Thomas Kevin V , Mueller Jochen F 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionMixed findings have been reported about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking behavior in different populations.Aims and MethodsIn this study, we aimed to quantify changes in smoking prevalence through the proxy of nicotine consumption in the Australian population from 2017 to 2020 inclusive. Estimates of nicotine consumption between 2017 and 2020 were retrieved from a national wastewater monitoring program that covers up to 50% of the Australian population. National sales data for nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products from 2017 to 2020 were also acquired. Linear regression and pairwise comparison were conducted to identify data trends and to test differences between time periods.ResultsThe average consumption of nicotine in Australia decreased between 2017 and 2019 but increased in 2020. Estimated consumption in the first half of 2020 was significantly higher (~30%) than the previous period. Sales of NRT products increased gradually from 2017 to 2020 although sales in the first half of the year were consistently lower than in the second half.ConclusionTotal nicotine consumption increased in Australia during the early stage of the pandemic in 2020. Increased nicotine consumption may be due to people managing higher stress levels, such as from loneliness due to control measures, and also greater opportunities to smoke/vape while working from home and during lockdowns in the early stage of the pandemic.ImplicationsTobacco and nicotine consumption have been decreasing in Australia but the COVID-19 pandemic may have temporarily disrupted this trend. In 2020, the higher impacts of lockdowns and working from home arrangements may have led to a temporary reversal of the previous downward trend in smoking during the early stage of the pandemic.
Axonemal regulation by curvature explains sperm flagellar waveform modulation
Authors: Gallagher Meurig T , Kirkman-Brown Jackson C , Smith David J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Flagellar motility is critical to natural and many forms of assisted reproduction. Rhythmic beating and wave propagation by the flagellum propels sperm through fluid and enables modulation between penetrative progressive motion, activated side-to-side yaw and hyperactivated motility associated with detachment from epithelial binding. These motility changes occur in response to the properties of the surrounding fluid environment, biochemical activation state, and physiological ligands, however, a parsimonious mechanistic explanation of flagellar beat generation that can explain motility modulation is lacking. In this paper, we present the Axonemal Regulation of Curvature, Hysteretic model, a curvature control-type theory based on switching of active moment by local curvature, embedded within a geometrically nonlinear elastic model of the flagellum exhibiting planar flagellar beats, together with nonlocal viscous fluid dynamics. The biophysical system is parameterized completely by four dimensionless parameter groupings. The effect of parameter variation is explored through computational simulation, revealing beat patterns that are qualitatively representative of penetrative (straight progressive), activated (highly yawing) and hyperactivated (nonprogressive) modes. Analysis of the flagellar limit cycles and associated swimming velocity reveals a cusp catastrophe between progressive and nonprogressive modes, and hysteresis in the response to changes in critical curvature parameter. Quantitative comparison to experimental data on human sperm exhibiting typical penetrative, activated and hyperactivated beats shows a good fit to the time-average absolute curvature profile along the flagellum, providing evidence that the model is capable of providing a framework for quantitative interpretation of imaging data.
Feasibility study of 3D gamma imaging for improving radiological protection at Sizewell B nuclear power plant
Authors: Hopkins Megan , Fawkes Ross 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nuclear power plants are continuously looking to optimise their radiological monitoring and visualization techniques. At Sizewell B nuclear power plant in the UK, a trial was carried out to judge the feasibility of a gamma imaging system to provide accurate visual representation and characterisation of source terms on an operational pressurized water reactor. Data was collected through a series of scans taken in two rooms within a radiological controlled area at Sizewell B and used to generate radiation “heat maps”. This survey type supports As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) (UK equivalent to ALARA) working in areas with high general area dose rate by gathering radiometric data and generating intuitive visual characterisation of work area source terms.