bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE ADOPTION OF VIRTUAL TESTING
Authors: Tahera Khadija , Jowers Iestyn , Loureiro-Koechlin Cecilia , Eckert Claudia , Lockett Helen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research aimed to gain insight into current practices and challenges with respect to the adoption of virtual testing and integration with physical testing in product development processes. A focused workshop investigated industrial perspectives on adopting virtual testing and current challenges. This paper reports the findings from the workshop in which representatives from a range of industries explored how virtual testing is used to support physical testing in their different contexts. This paper discusses the current challenges industries face in adopting virtual testing and changing role of physical testing, with reference to recent literature on physical and virtual testing and supported by an earlier empirical case study. This paper reports areas where more research is needed to support industries in overcoming these challenges.
INSTANTIATING A GENERIC PROCESS MODEL FOR EARLY-STAGE PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEM (PSS) DESIGN IN TWO CAPITAL GOODS MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
Authors: Sarancic David , Sánchez Díez Andrea , Pigosso Daniela C. A. , McAloone Tim C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProduct-Service Systems (PSS) are seen as key enablers of circularity. However, better sustainability performance of PSS when compared to transactional business models is not given and it must be carefully considered in the design process. The early-stage PSS design is considered crucial because it determines most of the future offerings' impact. Nevertheless, manufacturing companies struggle with PSS design and often rely on ad hoc intuitive approaches with low success rates. Current PSS design approaches have been dispersed in literature until a recent systematic literature review by the authors proposed a comprehensive generic process model to enable the inclusion of sustainability considerations in the early stages. This paper takes the generic process model as a starting point and instantiates it to the context of two manufacturing companies, seeking to (i) explore the instantiation process from a generic to company-specific process models to support manufacturing companies; and (ii) reflect upon and prepare an evaluation of the generic process model concerning eight predefined criteria. The study reveals a number of potential areas for improving both generic and instantiated process models.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED DATA IDENTIFICATION FOR MACHINE LEARNING USE CASES
Authors: Ebel Helena , Ben Hassine Sahar , Stark Rainer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe number of digital solutions based on machine learning has increased in recent years. In many industrial sectors, they try to enhance automation in manual or repetitive tasks or provide decision support for complex problems. Data plays an essential role in the selection and implementation of ML algorithms, as it determines the quality of the training and the results. As data drive ML models, selecting the correct data with the suitable ML algorithm for a given use case is crucial but challenging. This paper reviews the application of machine learning in the embodiment design phase addressing the challenge. The work focuses on ML applications in conventional product development and non-conventional additive manufacturing processes. Based on the literature review, the required knowledge to implement the ML algorithms has been derived and presented in a systematic approach. This work highlights the importance of an initial analysis of the existing knowledge in the engineering and additive manufacturing processes in order to implement the proper ML algorithms.
KNOWLEDGE-DRIVEN DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING: A FRAMEWORK FOR DESIGN ADAPTATION
Authors: Schaechtl Paul , Goetz Stefan , Schleich Benjamin , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the high freedom of design, additive manufacturing (AM) is increasingly substituting conventional manufacturing technology in several sectors. However, the knowledge and the awareness for the suitable design of additively manufactured components or assemblies ensuring manufacturability and fully realizing its potential is still lacking. In recent years, approaches and tools have emerged that allow the incorporation of existing knowledge of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) into the design process. Nevertheless, these applications mostly do not consider the formalisation of both restrictive and opportunistic DfAM guidelines for their integration in design tools.Therefore, the following article presents a framework for the knowledge-driven adaptation of existing designs in the context of DfAM within an expert system. The novelty of the presented approach lies in the interdisciplinarity between the formalization of design guidelines and their integration and consideration within computeraided design for the semi-automated adaptation of functional non-assembly mechanisms. The application of the presented framework to a case study manufactured via Fused Layer Modeling (FLM) illustrates the applicability and benefits.
LET ME FINISH MY THOUGHT: PROCESS INTERVENTIONS TO CHANGE TEAM BEHAVIOR DURING REMOTE DESIGN COLLABORATION
Authors: Domingo Lawrence , Leifer Larry , Auernhammer Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research investigates changes in team behavior and communication through interruptions and gestures, due to design process strategies in pre-formed remote teams for conceptual design tasks. Understanding creative remote team behavior is important due to the increase of remote communication in knowledge work. Teams were given a creative or analytical condition intervention to facilitate their conceptual design team process. The research contributes to the human-computing interaction literature by characterizing changes in distributed team behavior due to process method interventions. The creative condition exhibited a decrease in interruptions. The analytical condition exhibited a decrease in gestures and an increase in problem characterization at the cost of ideation discussion. Remote team members can better gauge which meetings or work tasks are best to be done in person or remotely by gauging not just the task but also the team behavior.
LOOKING BEYOND SELF-REPORTED COGNITIVE LOAD: INVESTIGATING THE USE OF EYE TRACKING IN THE STUDY OF DESIGN REPRESENTATIONS IN ENGINEERING DESIGN
Authors: Cass Madison , Prabhu Rohan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDesigners are experiencing greater mental demands given the complexity of design tools, necessitating the study of cognitive load in design. Researchers have identified task- and designer-related factors that affect cognitive load; however, these studies primarily use self-reported measures that could be inaccurate and incomplete. Little research has tested the accuracy and completeness of self-reported measures and we aim to explore this gap. Towards this aim, we seek to answer the question: How does cognitive load vary based on the different design representations used, and do these differences depend on the measure of cognitive load? From our results, we see that the design representations vary in the range of cognitive load experienced by designers when using them. Moreover, this role of the range of cognitive load variance was observed given our use of pupil diameter. These findings call for the use of a multi-modal approach for measuring cognitive load with the combined use of subjective (e.g., self-report) and objective measures (e.g., physiological measures), as well as the use of both retrospective (e.g., self-report) and concurrent measures (e.g., physiological measures).
MANAGERS' UNDERSTANDING OF AGILE IN HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Orejuela Silvia , Motte Damien , Johansson Glenn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe agile methodology is gaining attention among practitioners and researchers in hardware development. As a new methodology, it is a source of misunderstandings and misinterpretations. This is problematic at the managers' levels as they may hinder its adoption or lead to its impractical implementation and use. This study, therefore, aims to explore the manager's level of understanding of the agile methodology. The study identifies the similarities and differences between the fundamental elements of the agile methodology and the elements mentioned by managers in hardware development. The fundamental elements of the agile methodology are identified based on the elements presented in the Scrum method; the elements mentioned by managers are identified based on ten semi-structured interviews with managers in hardware development. The study shows that the understanding of the agile methodology varies largely among managers. The obtained detailed insights in the managers' level of understanding of the agile methodology could be used to develop appropriate support to facilitate its adoption and implementation.
A METHOD FOR PRESCRIBING PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP: A PROJECT HANDOVER CASE STUDY
Authors: Cedeno Michelle Rose , Baxter Weston , Porat Tayla , Peck Joann 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmong the topics of psychological ownership (PO) within current literature, a significant gap exists in understanding PO within a prescriptive lens. This study will examine how instigating the PO mapping method will help us understand how the PO mapping method can support an ownership journey. In addition, we want to see how we can create a prescriptive ownership structure that one follows rather than using the tool as a descriptive method. To do this we will follow a Research Through Design methodology and test the PO mapping method in an organisational case study. We believe that the PO mapping method can help frame and guide organisational project handovers. We want to examine the factors that influence the parties (project teams) emergence and relinquishment of ownership, and how that affects the feeling of ownership of a project over time. Based on this understanding we will derive prescriptive phases to integrate into our PO mapping method. Thus this study demonstrates how the PO mapping method can be used in different contexts to support and provide prescriptive guidance for ownership journeys.
MEASURING PATENT NOVELTY USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Authors: Yassine Ali , Lipizzi Carlo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper develops a novelty measure for patents. We devise a text-based novelty measure using natural language processing (NLP) techniques. The proposed method is applied on patents that belong to a common category, which represents a subset of patents under a specific patent class. We then extract the novelty-value profile of those patents and discuss a use case for product design and development (i.e., extracting patent novelty and predicting inventive value).
NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS FOR MEDTECH COMBINATION PRODUCTS
Authors: Menshenin Yaroslav , Pinquié Romain , Chevrier Pierre 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe MedTech product development is experiencing a growing complexity of the design process. The design challenge is to keep the medical device simple and user-friendly while maintaining its interconnectivity with the other systems and products. The additional layer of complexity comes from the need to satisfy both - direct customers (pharma companies), and indirect ones (patients, health care practitioners, and pharmacists). Solving those design challenges must not compromise the safety of the end-user and must follow the regulatory requirements.This research proposes the systematic design process for MedTech combination product development with the emphasis on product strategy and concept development operationalized by design thinking participative toolkit. The proposed approach serves the purpose of increasing the traceability between the early made business decisions on a product strategy level of MedTech company, and the engineering decisions made on product concept level. The ultimate goal of the research is to support the decision-makers with methods and tools which would allow them to make informed decisions on investment in a new MedTech combination product by Pharma and MedTech companies.
POTENTIALS AND GOALS OF MODELS IN STRATEGIC PRODUCT PLANNING AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT
Authors: Gräßler Iris , Koch Anna-Sophie , Tušek Alena Marie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNew trends and technologies in product creation increase complexity, but at the same time create new potentials such as efficiency rise in task processing by Artificial Intelligence. Established models in the early phase of product creation such as the W-model or the Aachener Innovation Management model, do not fully exploit these new potentials in the field of strategic product planning and innovation management (SPPIM). For this reason, existing models are analysed in SPPIM in order to derive a requirements profile consisting of potentials and goals for a new model. A new model in SPPIM lays the foundation to support companies in enabling a more efficient task fulfilment by taking advantage of new technologies and trends. To guide the development of advanced SPPIM models, the derived potentials and goals are applied to the guideline VDI 2220:1980.
REDUCING THE RISK OF PATENT INFRINGEMENT
Authors: Stauffer Larry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne life-cycle issue that is often overlooked in the design process is that of intellectual property (IP). Yet the IP associated with a product is a valuable asset of the company, sometime comparable to the materials produced or the manufacturing infrastructure. In particular, this paper addresses the IP of patents, the opportunity for patent infringement, and ways to reduce the risk of getting into this situation. One poorly managed patent infringement case could cost the company millions of dollars, wiping out years of profit from production of that product. Patent infringement is a complex topic that combines design and law with many uncertainties. Designing products that do not infringe the patent rights of others is a goal that cannot be done with certainty. A primary reason is due to the uncertainty of understanding what is protected in a patent and the uncertainty of the patent infringement process. The purpose of this paper is to educate the designer on what constitutes patent infringement and explain some ways to reduce the risk of infringing the patent rights of others.
A MULTILAYER GRAPH NETWORK-BASED TOOL FOR IDENTIFYING KEY PROJECT ACTORS
Authors: Efrati Shlomi , Reich Yoram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the demands for new complex products/services increase, leading to strict constraints on budget and time-to-market, it is hard to learn from experience and improve practice. Improvement can be exercised in all aspects contributing to project management: the skill set of project personnel, the project structure, and the development process. People are the key asset of the project. Identifying the key participants in a project whose role is influential is important for improving the project's success. These people can receive support, remove their burdens, make sure their communication channels work well, etc. This paper offers a multilayer network-based method to examine an actor's influence in a project while combining two additional organizational key aspects: products and processes. Considering these three aspects together allows for a more informed evaluation of the actors' influence on the project. Using the insight from graph theory, we gain indicators related to each network actor. The influence of the actors in a multidimensional network makes it possible to present a clearer picture to decision-makers in the organization to make better decisions related to increasing the effectiveness of the development project.
ROBUST PRODUCT DESIGN – INFLUENCING FACTORS ON UPGRADEABLE MODULAR PRODUCTS
Authors: Kübler Maximilian Stephan , Beck Frederik , Glasmacher Bastian , Rapp Simon , Albers Albert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn today's VUCA-World it is necessary to consider future requirements to develop change- and future-robust future products, especially regarding the increasing demand for sustainable solutions. In order to address this situation, upgradeability of modular products can be a solution. Considering that elements of modular products are used in several different products and over a long period of time, there is a need to act on this challenge. To uncover areas with a need for action, a systematic literature review on upgradeable and modular products was conducted. After resolving four fields of action and under consideration of the need for sustainable products, another systematic literature review examined the solution space of upgradable modular product architecture. In conclusion, several influencing factors on the upgradeable design of modular products could be identified, which are presented in this work.
SENSING IN-SITU TEMPERATURES BY COORDINATES IN FUSED FILAMENT FABRICATION FOR IDENTIFYING INTERLAYER ANISOTROPIC MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ENABLING POST-FEM ANALYSIS
Authors: Amlie Erik , Fylling Emil , Eikevåg Sindre Wold , Nesheim Ole S. , Steinert Martin , Elverum Christer W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Additive Manufacturing (AM), new generations of polymer composites presented as engineering- grade materials provide high-end mechanical properties with the design freedom AM provides. Interlayer anisotropy is the main challenge in both in-situ optimization and post-analysis in transitioning from prototypes to high-performance components in fused filament fabrication (FFF). Recent studies show a direct correlation between layer fusion temperature and mechanical properties. In this paper, we present synchronized position and temperature data and study how a component changes based on layer height and geometry. An IR sensor transfers data while printing a G-code generated by FullControllGcode, printing in a single direction and recording temperature in front of the nozzle. Results show that within each layer, a Δt of 20°C at thinner geometries, the heat loss will provide a reduction in mechanical properties and further heat loss occurs when moving away from the heated bed. By using the presented temperature mesh in further studies, post- printed anisotropic components can be analyzed by FEM, and the FFF process can be adaptively optimized based on location, size and geometry.
SUSTAINABLE CIRCULAR PACKAGING DESIGN: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS IN THE COSMETICS INDUSTRY
Authors: Kaestner Linda , Scope Christoph , Neumann Nikolas , Woelfel Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPackaging protects products, keeps their value and reduces waste. This is especially crucial in domains with perishable goods such as food, medicine or cosmetics. But conventional packaging solutions yield negative environmental impacts. In the EU, the largest share of plastics is used for packaging, causing a corresponding footprint. The application of sustainable strategies to packaging should help to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and promote the development of sustainable consumption. In this paper, a review is conducted on research that brings together circular economy, packaging design and cosmetics industry, by systematic literature review and content analysis. In addition to the current standards of conventional packaging, packaging alternatives are presented, which are categorised according to the R-strategies Refuse, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN EVALUATION – INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABILITY IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES
Authors: Reichard Julian Johannes , Martin Alex 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo develop sustainable products, product developers must be able to incorporate sustainability into individual decision processes during product development. In doing so, they are faced with the conflicting demands of time and cost pressure and the growing complexity caused by the many requirements and (sustainability) criteria.The Sustainable Design Evaluation, which is presented in this publication, is a method to enable product developers to estimate the impact of their product-related decisions along the three dimensions of sustainability across all phases of the product life cycle. The core of the Sustainable Design Evaluation is a two-stage assessment technique enabling a relative and comparable quantification of ecological, economic, and social criteria. Furthermore, an aggregation scheme for those criteria is introduced. Based on the two-stage assessment technique and the system of aggregation, the results of the Sustainable Design Evaluation can be displayed clearly and interpreted easily by product developers to assess the impacts of their product-related decisions.Thus, in contrast to existing methods, the SDE combines ease of use and interpretation with a sufficiently holistic sustainability assessment.
TECH TO MARKET. FINDING AND DESIGNING SUITABLE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS WITH DESIGN THINKING
Authors: Cocchi Nicolò , Dosi Clio , Vignoli Matteo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough it's human centered focus, design thinking has proven to be effective also in technology-driven projects, both in education and business. Yet, scant research has investigated whether and how design thinking might be leveraged to find new opportunities based on emerging technologies and design new innovation concepts accordingly. To address this gap, we employed an Action Innovation Management Research framework and co-designed a program called Tech to Market with Oper.Space, the design factory for Open Innovation of the University of Bologna. We ran 5 iterations of the program from October 2018 to December 2022, in which we conducted 52 interviews, observed 10 presentations, and held 10 meetings with the main stakeholders involved. Our results show how to apply design thinking to find and design a suitable application for a given technology, contributing to the ongoing conversation about the implementation of design thinking in technology-driven projects.
THE DOUGHNUT AS A SUPPORT OF THE “SUSTAINABLE VALUE ENGINEERING”
Authors: Lalevée Alexis , Troussier Nadège , Blanco Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSocieties are faced to ecological crises and widening disparities. This has to be integrated in the management of complex projects as they are increasingly complex and impactful. Value Analysis can serve assessing the value of a project i.e. knowing how the project will be perceived by the Stakeholders. It is a collaborative approach that helps make decisions in the early stages of a complex project.This paper aims at demonstrating that a new “Sustainable Value Analysis” (SVA) provides a decision-making support toward sustainability. SVA uses a new definition of Value and a set of indicators based on the Doughnut.Methods for the introduction of sustainability in the upstream design phases have limitations, which are highlighted in the literature review. Yet, the potentials of value approaches can be shown. Based on this analysis, an illustrative case is proposed to demonstrate how to integrate the ecological and social dimensions in a classical Value Engineering approach to determine SVA. The article concludes that the SVA allows identifying and characterizing the sustainable dimensions of Value, through a collective approach based on Stakeholders.