bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A highly sensitive and green electroanalytical method for the determination of favipiravir in pharmaceutical and biological fluids
Authors: El-Sayed Heba M. , Abdellatef Hisham Ezzat , Hendawy Hassan A. M. , El-Abassy Omar M , Ibrahim Hany 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Favipiravir is currently used for the treatment of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Objective
A highly sensitive and eco-friendly electroanalytical method was developed to quantify favipiravir.

Method
The voltammetric method optimized a sensor composed of reduced graphene oxide / modified carbon paste electrode in the presence of an anionic surfactant, improving the favipiravir detection limit. The investigation reveals that favipiravir-oxidation is a diffusion-controlled irreversible process. The effects of various pH and scan rates on oxidation anodic peak current were investigated.

Results
The developed method offers a wide linear dynamic range of 1.5–420 ng/mL alongside a higher sensitivity with a limit of detection in the nanogram range (0.44 ng/mL) and a limit of quantification in the low nanogram range (1.34 ng/mL).

Conclusion
The proposed method was applied for the determination of favipiravir in the dosage form, human plasma and urine samples. The developed method exhibited good selectivity in the presence of two potential electroactive biological interferants, uric acid which increases during favipiravir therapy and the recommended co-administered vitamin C. The organic solvent-free method greenness was evaluated via the Green Analytical Procedure Index, The present work offers a simple, sensitive and environment-friendly method fulfilling green chemistry concepts.
A conserved protein of Babesia microti elicits partial protection against Babesia and Plasmodium infection
Authors: Wang Yao , Zhang Qianqian , Zhang Wanruo , Chen Junhu , Dai Jianfeng , Zhou Xia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The protozoan parasite Babesia microti that causes the zoonotic disease babesiosis resides in the erythrocytes of its mammalian host during its life-cycle. No effective vaccines are currently available to prevent Babesia microti infections.

Methods
We previously identified a highly seroactive antigen, named Bm8, as a B. microti conserved erythrocyte membrane-associated antigen, by high-throughput protein chip screening. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic analysis showed that this membrane-associated protein is conserved among apicomplexan hemoprotozoa, such as members of genera Babesia, Plasmodium and Theileria. We obtained the recombinant protein Bm8 (rBm8) by prokaryotic expression and purification.

Results
Immunofluorescence assays confirmed that Bm8 and its Plasmodium homolog were principally localized in the cytoplasm of the parasite. rBm8 protein was specifically recognized by the sera of mice infected with B. microti or P. berghei. Also, mice immunized with Bm8 polypeptide had a decreased parasite burden after B. microti or P. berghei infection.

Conclusions
Passive immunization with Bm8 antisera could protect mice against B. microti or P. berghei infection to a certain extent. These results lead us to hypothesize that the B. microti conserved erythrocyte membrane-associated protein Bm8 could serve as a novel broad-spectrum parasite vaccine candidate since it elicits a protective immune response against Babesiosis and Plasmodium infection.

Graphical Abstract
Antidepressants and type 2 diabetes: highways to knowns and unknowns
Authors: Alruwaili Nahi Sabih , Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Albuhadily Ali K. , Ragab Amany E. , Alenazi Ahmad Awad , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: August 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease caused by the development of insulin resistance (IR), relative insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia-induced neurochemical dysregulation activates the progression of depression in T2D patients. Therefore, management of depression by antidepressant agents improves glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. However, prolong use of antidepressant drugs may increase the risk for the development of T2D. However, there is strong controversy concerning the use of antidepressant drugs in T2D. Therefore, this review try to elucidate the potential effects of antidepressant drugs in T2D regarding their detrimental and beneficial effects.
Prediction of post-stroke cognitive impairment after acute ischemic stroke using machine learning
Authors: Lee Minwoo , Yeo Na-Young , Ahn Hyo-Jeong , Lim Jae-Sung , Kim Yerim , Lee Sang-Hwa , Oh Mi Sun , Lee Byung-Chul , Yu Kyung-Ho , Kim Chulho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) occurs in up to 50% of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Thus, the prediction of cognitive outcomes in AIS may be useful for treatment decisions. This PSCI cohort study aimed to determine the applicability of a machine learning approach for predicting PSCI after stroke.

Methods
This retrospective study used a prospective PSCI cohort of patients with AIS. Demographic features, clinical characteristics, and brain imaging variables previously known to be associated with PSCI were included in the analysis. The primary outcome was PSCI at 3–6 months, defined as an adjusted z-score of less than − 2.0 standard deviation in at least one of the four cognitive domains (memory, executive/frontal, visuospatial, and language), using the Korean version of the Vascular Cognitive Impairment Harmonization Standards-Neuropsychological Protocol (VCIHS-NP). We developed four machine learning models (logistic regression, support vector machine, extreme gradient boost, and artificial neural network) and compared their accuracies for outcome variables.

Results
A total of 951 patients (mean age 65.7 ± 11.9; male 61.5%) with AIS were included in this study. The area under the curve for the extreme gradient boost and the artificial neural network was the highest (0.7919 and 0.7365, respectively) among the four models for predicting PSCI according to the VCIHS-NP definition. The most important features for predicting PSCI include the presence of cortical infarcts, mesial temporal lobe atrophy, initial stroke severity, stroke history, and strategic lesion infarcts.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that machine-learning algorithms, particularly the extreme gradient boost and the artificial neural network models, can best predict cognitive outcomes after ischemic stroke.
A polygenic risk score for Alzheimer’s disease constructed using APOE-region variants has stronger association than APOE alleles with mild cognitive impairment in Hispanic/Latino adults in the U.S.
Authors: Sofer Tamar , Kurniansyah Nuzulul , Granot-Hershkovitz Einat , Goodman Matthew O. , Tarraf Wassim , Broce Iris , Lipton Richard B. , Daviglus Martha , Lamar Melissa , Wassertheil-Smoller Sylvia , Cai Jianwen , DeCarli Charles S. , Gonzalez Hector M. , Fornage Myriam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) are summaries of genetic risk alleles for an outcome.

Methods
We used summary statistics from five GWASs of AD to construct PRSs in 4,189 diverse Hispanics/Latinos (mean age 63 years) from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). We assessed the PRS associations with MCI in the combined set of people and in diverse subgroups, and when including and excluding the APOE gene region. We also assessed PRS associations with MCI in an independent dataset from the Mass General Brigham Biobank.

Results
A simple sum of 5 PRSs (“PRSsum”), each constructed based on a different AD GWAS, was associated with MCI (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.14, 1.41]) in a model adjusted for counts of the APOE-$$\epsilon 2$$

ϵ
2

and APOE-$$\epsilon 4$$

ϵ
4

alleles. Associations of single-GWAS PRSs were weaker. When removing SNPs from the APOE region from the PRSs, the association of PRSsum with MCI was weaker (OR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.04,1.31] with adjustment for APOE alleles). In all association analyses, APOE-$$\epsilon 4$$

ϵ
4

and APOE-$$\epsilon 2$$

ϵ
2

alleles were not associated with MCI.

Discussion
A sum of AD PRSs is associated with MCI in Hispanic/Latino older adults. Despite no association of APOE-$$\epsilon 4$$

ϵ
4

and APOE-$$\epsilon 2$$

ϵ
2

alleles with MCI, the association of the AD PRS with MCI is stronger when including the APOE region. Thus, APOE variants different than the classic APOE alleles may be important predictors of MCI in Hispanic/Latino adults.
Coronavirus disease 2019 and malaria coinfection in a middle-aged Ethiopian woman presenting with acute febrile illness and bilateral pleural effusion: a case report
Authors: Solela Gashaw , Aschenek Addis , Dawit Mikale , Wondafrash Getachew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
There could be misdiagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 for malaria and vice versa because of their similar presentations, particularly when clinicians rely mainly on symptoms for diagnosis. Coinfection with coronavirus disease 2019 and malaria is associated with increased all-cause in-hospital mortality compared with isolated infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Presentation with pleural effusion adds another challenge in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019.

Case presentation
This is a 57-year-old black Ethiopian woman who presented with symptoms of acute febrile illness associated with shortness of breath and coughing. Physical examination was remarkable for fever, hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, oxygen desaturation, decreased air entry, and dullness over bilateral lower one-third of the chest. Peripheral blood smear revealed ring-form trophozoites of Plasmodium falciparum; chest X-ray showed bilateral pleural effusion and chest computed tomography revealed bilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidations involving all lung zones with bilateral moderate pleural effusion. She was managed with supportive treatments, antimalarial agents, and antibiotics. Rapid antigen test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was negative at the time of her presentation to the emergency department, but polymerase chain reaction testing for coronavirus disease 2019 turned out to be positive after admission to the medical ward.

Conclusion
Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of coronavirus disease 2019 and malaria coinfection in any patient who is from malaria-endemic area and presenting with acute febrile illness symptoms such as fever and headache and respiratory complaints like shortness of breath and cough. Alhough viral etiologies such as coronavirus disease 2019 are rare causes of bilateral pleural effusion, they should be considered after ruling out other common causes.
The high level of IL-1β in the serum of ACLF patients induces increased IL-8 expression in hUC-MSCs and reduces the efficacy of hUC-MSCs in liver failure
Authors: Wang Yong-Hong , Wang Meng-Lan , Tao Ya-Chao , Wu Dong-Bo , Chen En-Qiang , Tang Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Stem cells play a therapeutic role mainly through immunoregulation. However, the immunomodulatory function of stem cells may be affected by inflammation-related factors in patients’ serum. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the possible mechanism by which acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patient serum influences the efficacy of hUC-MSCs.

Methods
The serum of surviving and dead ACLF patients was collected to culture hUC-MSCs in vitro, and the hUC-MSCs cultured in the serum of ACLF patients were used to treat acute liver failure (ALF) rats. The therapeutic effect on the rats was evaluated by a survival curve, the transaminase level and liver histopathology. The expression of cytokines in hUC-MSCs was detected by Q-PCR and ELISA.

Results
Serum pretreatment reduced the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF, especially pretreatment in the serum from dead ACLF patients. After hUC-MSCs were cultured in the serum of surviving or dead ACLF patients, the most differentially expressed factor was IL-8. Interfering with the expression of IL-8 in hUC-MSCs can improve the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF. The high level of IL-1β in the serum of dead ACLF patients causes the increased expression of IL-8 in hUC-MSCs through the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Meanwhile, we found that the neutralizing IL-1β in serum from dead ACLF patients can improve the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF.

Conclusion
The high level of IL-1β in ACLF serum can promote the expression of IL-8 in hUC-MSCs through the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus reducing the effect of hUC-MSCs on ALF.
The characteristics and medical applications of antler stem cells
Authors: Liu Qi , Li Jiannan , Chang Jinghui , Guo Yu , Wen Dacheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntlers are the only fully regenerable mammalian appendages whose annual renewal is initiated by antler stem cells (ASCs), defined as a specialized type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with embryonic stem cell properties. ASCs possess the same biological features as MSCs, including the capacity for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, immunomodulatory functions, and the maintenance of stem cell characteristics after multiple passages. Several preclinical studies have shown that ASCs exhibit promising potential in wound healing, bone repair, osteoarthritis, anti-tissue fibrosis, anti-aging, and hair regeneration. Medical applications based on ASCs and ASC-derived molecules provide a new source of stem cells and therapeutic modalities for regenerative medicine. This review begins with a brief description of antler regeneration and the role of ASCs. Then, the properties and advantages of ASCs are described. Finally, medical research advances regarding ASCs are summarized, and the prospects and challenges of ASCs are highlighted.
Bovine TB in New Zealand – journey from epidemic towards eradication
Authors: Sinclair Jane , New Dallas , Neill Mark 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBovine tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, has a unique and complex ecology in New Zealand. Unlike elsewhere in the world, the disease is maintained in Australian brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) and so they are considered a vector for disease transmission in New Zealand. Possums were initially introduced to the country in the 1800’s to establish a fur industry but later becoming a recognized pest to native New Zealand flora and fauna. The TB programme in New Zealand (TBFree NZ Ltd) is managed by a not-for-profit limited company partnership between primary industries and government (OSPRI – Operational Solutions for Primary Industries) that uses the basic tenets of disease management, movement control and vector control to eliminate TB in farmed cattle and deer. Evidence of resounding success in the TB control programme resulted in the 2016 decision to pursue full biological eradication of disease from the country by 2055, with the interim objectives of TB freedom in livestock herds by 2026 and TB freedom in possums by 2040. The programme has progressed from an all-time high of 1698 infected herds in 1995 to the lowest recorded point prevalence of 18 infected herds in May 2022. Enhancements that have contributed to the success of the programme include testing with gamma-interferon release assay (Bovigam™) of animals in infected herds that are negative to the skin test (parallel interpretation), culturing pooled lymph nodes from animals without visible lesions, increased testing of herds post-clearance and introduction of post-movement testing of high-risk animals.
The effect of the national brand on high-tech exports in selected countries
Authors: Shahabadi Abolfazl , Amjadian Shiva , Ghasemifar Samineh , Shafieian Masoume 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh-tech exports play a crucial role in the growth and prosperity of the national economy due to higher added value and higher profitability. However, gaining a competitive advantage and increasing high-tech exports is arduous because of the highly competitive environment in global markets. In addition, increasing the value of the national brand through the improvement of foreign customers' mental image of products made in a specific country, can play an undeniable role in the improvement of customer’s loyalty and growth of high-tech exports. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of the national brand on high-tech exports in 12 countries with the most valuable nation-brand, using panel data and a generalized method of moments (GMM), during the period 2015–2021. The results showed the positive and significant impact of the national brand in this group. It means that although improvement of the national brand stimulates the demand for high-tech products from foreign customers, countries that have had more capacity to increase the production and supply of these products have been more successful in meeting the created surplus demand. Therefore, developing countries should take action to improve the national brand, by moving towards a knowledge-based economy, and at the same time, they have to increase their capacity of production and supply of high-tech products to be able to meet the demands of these products in global markets.
Combining bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data to develop an NK cell-related prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma based on an integrated machine learning framework
Authors: Feng Qian , Huang Zhihao , Song Lei , Wang Le , Lu Hongcheng , Wu Linquan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The application of molecular targeting therapy and immunotherapy has notably prolonged the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, multidrug resistance and high molecular heterogeneity of HCC still prevent the further improvement of clinical benefits. Dysfunction of tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells was strongly related to HCC progression and survival benefits of HCC patients. Hence, an NK cell-related prognostic signature was built up to predict HCC patients’ prognosis and immunotherapeutic response.

Methods
NK cell markers were selected from scRNA-Seq data obtained from GSE162616 data set. A consensus machine learning framework including a total of 77 algorithms was developed to establish the gene signature in TCGA–LIHC data set, GSE14520 data set, GSE76427 data set and ICGC–LIRI–JP data set. Moreover, the predictive efficacy on ICI response was externally validated by GSE91061 data set and PRJEB23709 data set.

Results
With the highest C-index among 77 algorithms, a 11-gene signature was established by the combination of LASSO and CoxBoost algorithm, which classified patients into high- and low-risk group. The prognostic signature displayed a good predictive performance for overall survival rate, moderate to high predictive accuracy and was an independent risk factor for HCC patients’ prognosis in TCGA, GEO and ICGC cohorts. Compared with high-risk group, low-risk patients showed higher IPS–PD1 blocker, IPS–CTLA4 blocker, common immune checkpoints expression but lower TIDE score, which indicated low-risk patients might be prone to benefiting from ICI treatment. Moreover, a real-world cohort, PRJEB23709, also revealed better immunotherapeutic response in low-risk group.

Conclusions
Overall, the present study developed a gene signature based on NK cell-related genes, which offered a novel platform for prognosis and immunotherapeutic response evaluation of HCC patients.
Children’s eating attitudes test (ChEAT): validation and reliability in Turkish children
Authors: Bozkurt Osman , Kocaadam-Bozkurt Betul , Köksal Eda , Özalp Ateş Funda Seher 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of the children’s eating attitudes test (ChEAT) in Turkish children.

Methods
The participants were 331 children (137 boys and 194 girls, ages 8–15). Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire containing socio-demographic characteristics, the ChEAT, and the children's eating behaviour questionnaire (CEBQ). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to determine the factor structure of the Turkish version of the ChEAT. Additionally, the reliability was examined in terms of internal consistency and test–retest reliability. All statistical analyses were performed using Mplus Trial Version and SPSS 11.5 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).

Results
According to the goodness-of-fit statistic, a three-factor solution was appropriate and compatible with clinical considerations. The three factors explained 50.1% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.75 for ChEAT-26, 0.67 for “Preoccupation with thinness and food”, 0.63 for “Social pressure to eat”, and 0.71 for “Dieting”. Furthermore, the test–retest reliability was 0.72, 0.62, 0.59, and 0.59 respectively. Statistically significant correlations between the ChEAT and CEBQ were found (p < 0.05). “Preoccupation with thinness and food” was significantly higher in obese children (p < 0.05), while “Social pressure to eat” was lower (p < 0.001). Sex, grade, BMI, parental education in addition to working status affected the ChEAT-26 scores.

Conclusions
The present study has provided preliminary evidence for the validity and reliability of a Turkish version of the ChEAT.
Prolonged screen watching behavior is associated with high blood pressure among children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis
Authors: Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad , Fathi Azar Elahe , Manzouri Ali , Rashnoo Fariborz , Shakarami Amir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Numerous cardio-metabolic risk factors influence screen-related behaviors in children and adolescents. Numerous studies with inconsistent results revealed a relationship between blood pressure and screen time in the children and adolescents. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized the data regarding the relationship between screen time and hypertension (HTN) in children and adolescents.

Methods
We examined three electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Embase to find the recent research on the relationship between screen time and HTN up to 19 July 2022. Twenty papers were included in the final two-class and dose–response meta-analysis. We conducted subgrouping to identify the source of heterogeneity.

Results
The highest category of screen time increased the odds of HTN by 8% [odds ratio (OR): 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.23; P < 0.001; I2 = 83.20%] and 1.9 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure [weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.89; 95% CI: 0.18–3.62; P = 0.030; I2 = 83.4]. However, there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, screen time in hypertensive children and adolescents was 0.79 h (47.4 min) higher than normotensive subjects (WMD: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.56; P = 0.046; I2 = 92.8). A departure from linearity was observed between increased screen time [digital video discs, personal computers, and video games and HTN (Pnonlinearity = 0.049).

Conclusion
This systematic meta-analysis review is the first to demonstrate a positive correlation between screen time and HTN in children and adolescents.