bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D whole-heart noncontrast coronary MR angiography based on compressed SENSE technology: a comparative study of conventional SENSE sequence and coronary computed tomography angiography
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Xinna , Jiang Yuqi , Yang Panpan , Hu Xiankuo , Peng Bin , Yue Xiuzheng , Li Yuanyuan , Ma Peiqi , Yuan Yushan , Yu Yongqiang , Liu Bin , Li Xiaohu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
The relatively long scan time has hampered the clinical use of whole-heart noncontrast coronary magnetic resonance angiography (NCMRA). The compressed sensitivity encoding (SENSE) technique, also known as the CS technique, has been found to improve scan times. This study aimed to identify the optimal CS acceleration factor for NCMRA.

Methods
Thirty-six participants underwent four NCMRA sequences: three sequences using the CS technique with acceleration factors of 4, 5, and 6, and one sequence using the conventional SENSE technique with the acceleration factor of 2. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) was considered as a reference sequence. The acquisition times of the four NCMRA sequences were assessed. The correlation and agreement between the visible vessel lengths obtained via CCTA and NCMRA were also assessed. The image quality scores and contrast ratio (CR) of eight coronary artery segments from the four NCMRA sequences were quantitatively evaluated.

Results
The mean acquisition time of the conventional SENSE was 343 s, while that of CS4, CS5, and CS6 was 269, 215, and 190 s, respectively. The visible vessel length from the CS4 sequence showed good correlation and agreement with CCTA. The image quality score and CR from the CS4 sequence were not statistically significantly different from those in the other groups (p > 0.05). Moreover, the image score and CR showed a decreasing trend with the increase in the CS factor.

Conclusions
The CS technique could significantly shorten the acquisition time of NCMRA. The CS sequence with an acceleration factor of 4 was generally acceptable for NCMRA in clinical settings to balance the image quality and acquisition time.
A West Nile Virus infection expressed as unilateral limb paralysis and complicated by Parsonage–Turner syndrome: a case report
Authors: Scarciglia Antonella , Roncucci Luca , Benatti Piero 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
West Nile Virus is a single-stranded Ribonucleic Acid arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family that is transmitted to humans by Culex species mosquitoes. West Nile Virus infection is asymptomatic in the majority of affected people. Of those who develop symptoms, the usual manifestation is a febrile syndrome, while only 1% develop neurological symptoms due to a neuroinvasive form of infection, including encephalitis, meningitis, asymmetrical flaccid paralysis, or a combination of all these features. Parsonage–Turner syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by sudden painful symptoms and subsequent paralysis, involving a shoulder or one of the upper limbs due to post-infective brachial plexopathy. The etiology is unknown, although it can be considered a multifactorial process: a predisposing factor, such as viral infection or strenuous upper-extremity exercise, can trigger an immune-mediated process localized in the brachial plexus.

Clinical presentation
In late summer, a 79-year-old male Italian patient was admitted to the emergency department for acute right upper limb weakness and high fever, without any mental status impairment, pain, sensory alterations, or signs of meningeal irritation. Laboratory tests confirmed acute West Nile Virus infection, expressed as a unilateral upper limb flaccid paralysis. After a few days, the patient reported an acute pain in the right upper limb scarcely responsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy and a subsequent wider distribution of flaccid paralysis. After multiple examinations, Parsonage–Turner syndrome could be suspected. Patient was treated with steroids and reported an improvement of clinical condition after 2 months, with complete pain remission but partial strength recovery in the affected limb.

Conclusions
West Nile Virus disease has a broad spectrum of neurological manifestations, among which the most common are signs of meningeal irritation or cognitive impairment. We report an unusual presentation of neuroinvasive West Nile Virus infection with arm weakness as expression of unilateral viral neuritis, followed by a post-infective brachial plexopathy consistent with Parsonage–Turner syndrome diagnosis. We diagnosed Parsonage–Turner syndrome after excluding the most common causes of atraumatic acute upper limb pain, through a challenging differential diagnosis in a patient with several comorbidities.
The intangible costs of overweight and obesity in Germany
Authors: Meng Fan , Nie Peng , Sousa-Poza Alfonso 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous literature documents the direct and indirect economic costs of obesity, yet none has attempted to quantify the intangible costs of obesity. This study focuses on quantifying the intangible costs of one unit body mass index (BMI) increase and being overweight and obese in Germany.

Methods
By applying a life satisfaction-based compensation value analysis to 2002–2018 German Socio-Economic Panel Survey data for adults aged 18–65, the intangible costs of overweight and obesity are estimated. We apply individual income as a reference for estimating the value of the loss of subjective well-being due to overweight and obesity.

Results
The intangible costs of overweight and obesity in 2018 amount to 42,450 and 13,853 euros, respectively. A one unit increase in BMI induced a 2553 euros annual well-being loss in the overweight and obese relative to those of normal weight. When extrapolated to the entire country, this figure represents approximately 4.3 billion euros, an intangible cost of obesity similar in magnitude to the direct and indirect costs documented in other studies for Germany. These losses, our analysis reveals, have remained remarkably stable since 2002.

Conclusions
Our results underscore how existing research into obesity’s economic toll may underestimate its true costs, and they strongly imply that if obesity interventions took the intangible costs of obesity into account, the economic benefits would be considerably larger.
RBX1 regulates PKM alternative splicing to facilitate anaplastic thyroid carcinoma metastasis and aerobic glycolysis by destroying the SMAR1/HDAC6 complex
Authors: Xu Debin , Yu Jichun , Yang Yuting , Du Yunyan , Lu Hongcheng , Zhang Shouhua , Feng Qian , Yu Yi , Hao Liang , Shao Jun , Chen Leifeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, frequently accompanied by metastasis and aerobic glycolysis. Cancer cells adjust their metabolism by modulating the PKM alternative splicing and facilitating PKM2 isoform expression. Therefore, identifying factors and mechanisms that control PKM alternative splicing is significant for overcoming the current challenges in ATC treatment.

Results
In this study, the expression of RBX1 was largely enhanced in the ATC tissues. Our clinical tests suggested that high RBX1 expression was significantly related to poor survival. The functional analysis indicated that RBX1 facilitated the metastasis of ATC cells by enhancing the Warburg effect, and PKM2 played a key role in RBX1-mediated aerobic glycolysis. Furthermore, we confirmed that RBX1 regulates PKM alternative splicing and promotes the PKM2-mediated Warburg effect in ATC cells. Moreover, ATC cell migration and aerobic glycolysis induced by RBX1-mediated PKM alternative splicing are dependent on the destruction of the SMAR1/HDAC6 complex. RBX1, as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, degrades SMAR1 in ATC through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway.

Conclusion
Overall, our study identified the mechanism underlying the regulation of PKM alternative splicing in ATC cells for the first time and provides evidence about the effect of RBX1 on cellular adaptation to metabolic stress.
Protocol for a systematic review of reporting standards of lower limb endovascular interventions in peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Zywicka Ewa M. , Elliott Lucy , Twine Christopher P. , Mouton Ronelle , Hinchliffe Robert J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Techniques and devices for the endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are continuously evolving. High-quality clinical trials limit the variation in how endovascular interventions are described, performed and reported.
The aim of this systematic review is to assess the quality of reporting standards in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of endovascular lower limb interventions against the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials for Non-Pharmacologic Treatments (CONSORT-NPT) and template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) framework.

Methods
Randomised trials including participants with peripheral arterial disease undergoing any infra-inguinal lower limb endovascular arterial intervention, searched from Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 2021, will be included. All study data, including details of the procedure investigated, will be extracted in keeping with the CONSORT-NPT and TIDieR checklist. Descriptive statistics will be used to summarise general study details and reporting standards of the trials.

Discussion
The results will be used to inform the design of future RCTs in this area by optimising the way the interventions are described, standardised, and monitored. The systematic review will be disseminated via peer-reviewed manuscripts and presentations at relevant conferences.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022288214
Some new refinements of the Young, Hölder, and Minkowski inequalities
Authors: Nikolova Ludmila , Persson Lars-Erik , Varošanec Sanja 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe prove and discuss some new refined Hölder inequalities for any $p>1$
p
>
1
and also a reversed version for $0< p<1$
0
<
p
<
1
. The key is to use the concepts of superquadraticity, strong convexity, and to first prove the corresponding refinements of the Young and reversed Young inequalities. Refinements of the Minkowski and reversed Minkowski inequalities are also given.
Relationship between low birth weight and infant mortality: evidence from National Family Health Survey 2019-21, India
Authors: Jana Arup , Saha Unnati Rani , Reshmi R. S. , Muhammad T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow birth weight (LBW) predisposes physical and mental growth failure and premature death among infants. Studies report that LBW predominately explains infant mortality. However, existing studies rarely demonstrate the phenomenon of both observed and unobserved factors, which may influence the likelihood of birth and mortality outcomes simultaneously. In this study, we identified the spatial clustering of the prevalence of LBW along with its determinants. Further, the relationship between of LBW and infant mortality, considering the unobserved factors, has been explored in the study.MethodsData for this study have been extracted from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) round 5, 2019-21. We used the directed acyclic graph model to identify the potential predictors of LBW and infant mortality. Moran’s I statistics have been used to identify the high-risk areas of LBW. We applied conditional mixed process modelling in Stata software to account for the simultaneous nature of occurrences of the outcomes. The final model has been performed after imputing the missing data of LBW.ResultsOverall, in India, 53% of the mothers reported their babies’ birth weight by seeing health card, 36% reported by recall, and about 10% of the LBW information was observed as missing. The state/union territory of Punjab and Delhi were observed to have the highest levels of LBW (about 22%) which is much higher than the national level (18%). The effect of LBW was more than four times larger compared to the effect in the analysis which does not account for the simultaneous occurrence of LBW and infant mortality (marginal effect; from 12 to 53%). Also, in a separate analysis, the imputation technique has been used to address the missing data. Covariates’ effects showed that female children, higher order births, births that occur in Muslim and non-poor families and literate mothers were negatively associated with infant mortality. However, a significant difference was observed in the impact of LBW before and after imputing the missing values.ConclusionsThe current findings showed the significant association of LBW with infant deaths, highlighting the importance of prioritising policies that help improve the birth weight of new-born children that may significantly reduce the infant mortality in India.
Rapid qualitative analysis approach to stakeholder and client interviews to inform mobile-based HIV testing in the U.S. Deep South
Authors: Pratt Madeline C. , Isehunwa Oluwaseyi O. , Bassett Ingrid V. , Kempf Mirjam-Colette , Gordon Bretia , Matthews Lynn T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The severity of the HIV epidemic in the United States’ rural South highlights geographic, socioeconomic, and racial disparities that disproportionately affect poor Black Americans. Approximately 16% of Alabamians living with HIV remain undiagnosed and just 37% of rural Alabamians have ever been tested for HIV.

Methods
We conducted in-depth interviews with 22 key stakeholders involved in HIV prevention, testing, treatment, or community health initiatives, and 10 adults living in rural communities across Alabama to explore HIV testing challenges and opportunities. We utilized a rapid qualitative analysis approach and engaged community partners for feedback and discussion. This analysis will inform the implementation of a mobile HIV testing service in rural Alabama.

Results
The following themes were identified: (1) Cultural norms, racism, poverty, and rurality impair access to healthcare. (2) Lack of sex education, low knowledge of HIV and perception of risk reinforce stigmas. (3) Messaging about “Undetectable = Untransmissible” (U = U) is not well understood in communities. (4) Community involvement may promote communication and trust between communities and testing advocates. (5) Novel testing strategies are acceptable and may diminish barriers.

Conclusions
Working with community “gatekeepers” may be a key strategy to understand and promote acceptability of interventions new to rural Alabama and ameliorate stigma within communities. The implementation of new HIV testing strategies requires building and maintaining relationships with advocates, especially faith-based leaders, who engage people across many demographics.
Regulon active landscape reveals cell development and functional state changes of human primary osteoblasts in vivo
Authors: Wang Shengran , Gong Yun , Wang Zun , Meng Xianghe , Luo Zhe , Papasian Christopher J. , Greenbaum Jonathan , Li Yisu , Liang Qilan , Chen Yiping , Li Xiaohua , Xiang Qiu , Zhang Hiuxi , Liu Ying , Cheng Liang , Hu Yihe , Tan Lijun , Shen Hui , Xiao Hongmei , Deng Hongwen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
While transcription factor (TF) regulation is known to play an important role in osteoblast development, differentiation, and bone metabolism, the molecular features of TFs in human osteoblasts at the single-cell resolution level have not yet been characterized. Here, we identified modules (regulons) of co-regulated genes by applying single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering to the single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of human osteoblasts. We also performed cell-specific network (CSN) analysis, reconstructed regulon activity-based osteoblast development trajectories, and validated the functions of important regulons both in vivo and in vitro.

Results
We identified four cell clusters: preosteoblast-S1, preosteoblast-S2, intermediate osteoblasts, and mature osteoblasts. CSN analysis results and regulon activity-based osteoblast development trajectories revealed cell development and functional state changes of osteoblasts. CREM and FOSL2 regulons were mainly active in preosteoblast-S1, FOXC2 regulons were mainly active in intermediate osteoblast, and RUNX2 and CREB3L1 regulons were most active in mature osteoblasts.

Conclusions
This is the first study to describe the unique features of human osteoblasts in vivo based on cellular regulon active landscapes. Functional state changes of CREM, FOSL2, FOXC2, RUNX2, and CREB3L1 regulons regarding immunity, cell proliferation, and differentiation identified the important cell stages or subtypes that may be predominantly affected by bone metabolism disorders. These findings may lead to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying bone metabolism and associated diseases.
The impact of traumatic childhood experiences on interoception: disregarding one’s own body
Authors: Schmitz Marius , Back Sarah N. , Seitz Katja I. , Harbrecht Nele K. , Streckert Lena , Schulz André , Herpertz Sabine C. , Bertsch Katja 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Deficient interoception, the processing and perception of internal bodily signals, has been discussed as a mechanism underlying various mental disorders. First results indicate a mediating role of interoception in the interplay of traumatic childhood experiences and adult mental disorders. Traumatic childhood experiences may hinder the adequate processing, integration, and trust in bodily signals that are important in order to understand and regulate own needs and emotions, thereby increasing the vulnerability for mental disorders. However, an overarching study investigating alterations in different interoceptive measures and trauma-related disorders as well as their mediating role between early trauma and emotion dysregulation is still missing.

Methods
One hundred thirty-six individuals with varying levels of traumatic childhood experiences who either had a current diagnosis of major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, or somatic symptom disorder, or no mental disorder, took part in a multidimensional assessment of interoceptive processes, including interoceptive accuracy, sensibility, and awareness. Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare groups regarding interoceptive processes and associations with traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation were analyzed with Spearman correlations. Furthermore, mediation analyses were computed to examine and compare interoceptive processes as potential mediators between traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation.

Results
Only body dissociation, a measure for interoceptive sensibility, was significantly reduced in individuals with a current mental disorder. Body dissociation was also the only interoceptive measure significantly associated with traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation and the only significant mediator in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation across groups.

Conclusion
Results suggest body dissociation, but not other interoceptive measures, as an important feature linking traumatic childhood experiences to current emotion dysregulation, an important transdiagnostic feature. As body dissociation refers to a habitual non-attendance or disregard of interoceptive signals, integrative therapeutic interventions could help affected individuals to overcome difficulties in emotion perception and regulation.

Trial registration
The general study design was preregistered; see the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00015182). This study’s analysis plan was not preregistered.
Multicollinearity applied stepwise stochastic imputation: a large dataset imputation through correlation-based regression
Authors: Leiby Benjamin D. , Ahner Darryl K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a stochastic imputation approach for large datasets using a correlation selection methodology when preferred commercial packages struggle to iterate due to numerical problems. A variable range-based guard rail modification is proposed that benefits the convergence rate of data elements while simultaneously providing increased confidence in the plausibility of the imputations. A large country conflict dataset motivates the search to impute missing values well over a common threshold of 20% missingness. The Multicollinearity Applied Stepwise Stochastic imputation methodology (MASS-impute) capitalizes on correlation between variables within the dataset and uses model residuals to estimate unknown values. Examination of the methodology provides insight toward choosing linear or nonlinear modeling terms. Tailorable tolerances exploit residual information to fit each data element. The methodology evaluation includes observing computation time, model fit, and the comparison of known values to replaced values created through imputation. Overall, the methodology provides useable and defendable results in imputing missing elements of a country conflict dataset.
Effect of a STEM approach on students’ cognitive structures about electrical circuits
Authors: Baptista Mónica , Martins Iva 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Electricity is a central concept in science curricula at all levels of education. Nevertheless, its invisible nature makes the concepts associated with it very difficult for students. Moreover, students have many alternative conceptions about concepts related to electrical circuits. This study aims to know the effect of a STEM (Science–Technology–Engineering–Mathematics) approach on students' cognitive structures about the topic of electrical circuits, as revealed through a Word Association Test (WAT). A study following a time series quasi-experimental research design was made to collect information about changes in students’ cognitive structures before and after a learning sequence about electrical circuits. A nonequivalent control group approach was used, and two matching groups of students were used: a control group (N = 317) and an experimental group (N = 321). Students were attending the 9th grade (14–15 years old). Data analysis was made by construction of frequency tables, maps of the cognitive structures, and examination of the sentences written by students.

Results
The results are indicative that, before the STEM approach, students’ conceptions regarding electrical circuits are mainly related to students’ daily experiences. However, after a STEM approach, the map of students’ cognitive structures from the experimental group is more complex. Furthermore, the quality of the response words is different for each group. In the control group, most of the associations that students made were situated at a phenomenological level. However, in the experimental group, students made many associations related to the curricular contents.

Conclusions
The STEM approach had a more noticeable effect on the development of students’ cognitive structures on the topic of electrical circuits: based on the results, it can be concluded that this approach allowed students from the experimental group to achieve the learning goals, while students from the control group still retained many ideas that do not meet learning goals. Additionally, WAT has proven to be a suitable diagnostic method, as well as an instrument that can be used to evaluate the accomplishment of students’ learning objectives.