bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse practice environment, perceived organizational support, general well‐being, occupational burnout and turnover intention: A moderated multi‐mediation model
Authors: Sheng Huiyang , Tian Dan , Sun Liying , Hou Yarong , Liu Xueli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo test the relationship between practice environment and turnover intention, considering the moderation of perceived organizational support (POS) and the mediation of general well‐being (GWB) and occupational burnout (OB) among the nurse population.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsBased on a sample of 474 nurses from two hospitals between May 2020 and September 2021, a moderated multi‐mediation model was tested in which GWB and OB served as two mediators between practice environments and nurses' turnover intention, and POS was regarded as a moderator between practice environments and GWB.ResultsThis current study supported a moderated multi‐mediation model where the relationship between practice environment and turnover intention (B = 0.33, p < 0.001) was mediated by GWB (B = 0.17, p < 0.001) and OB (B = 0.18, p < 0.001), and POS moderated the effect of practice environment and GWB (B = 0.19, p < 0.001).Public ContributionThe findings of this study can inform the design of effective organizational support and meet nurse emotional needs programmes to reduce the turnover intention among nurses.
Evaluation of an Education Program on Community Orientation among Community Health Nurses in Fiji
Authors: Tanabe Sachiko , Hirano Kayoko , Yanagisawa Satoko , Ledua Silina Waqa , Tukana Mereani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of an education program to improve community orientation among community health nurses in Fiji. A 1.5‐day education program was developed that enabled participants to learn a concept through discussion, as they reviewed their experiences.DesignThis study used mixed methods research.MethodsThe education program involving 78 community health nurses and supervisors was conducted. The 30‐item Community Orientation among Community Health Nurses scale, six‐item program evaluation questionnaire, and participant reflection sheets were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods.ResultsProgram evaluations demonstrated high satisfaction among participants. The content analysis of participant views on community orientation revealed three categories; utilizing community intelligence in community activities, relationships with community members as a community health nurses, and human resource development tool. Our findings suggest that this education program should be held regularly, in conjunction with on‐the‐job and off‐site training.
Early warning scores and trigger recommendations must be used with care in older home nursing care patients: Results from an observational study
Authors: Jeppestøl Kristin , Kirkevold Marit , Bragstad Line K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore modified early warning scores (MEWSs) and deviating vital signs among older home nursing care patients to determine whether the MEWS trigger recommendations were adhered to in cases of where registered nurses (RNs) suspected acute functional decline.DesignProspective observational study with a descriptive, explorative design.MethodsParticipants were included from April 2018 to February 2019. Demographic, health‐related and clinical data were collected over a 3‐month period.ResultsIn all, 135 older patients participated. Median MEWS (n = 444) was 1 (interquartile range (IQR) 1–2). Frequently deviating vital signs were respiratory (88.8%) and heart rate (15.3%). Median habitual MEWS (n = 51) was 1 (IQR 0–1). Deviating vital signs were respiratory (72.5%) and heart rate (19.6%). A significant difference between habitual MEWS and MEWS recorded in cases of suspected functional decline was found (p = 0.002). MEWS' trigger recommendations were adhered to in 68.9% of all MEWS measurements.
UV‐induced mutagenesis of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) yields two hypervirulent isolates with different transcriptomic profiles
Authors: Sun Yan‐Xia , Zhang Bang‐Xian , Zhang Wen‐Ting , Wang Qian , Toufeeq Shahzad , Rao Xiang‐Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) can infest over 300 plant species and cause huge economic losses. Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) is one of the most widely used entomopathogenic fungi (EPF). Unfortunately, the efficacy of B. bassiana against S. frugiperda is quite low. Hypervirulent EPF isolates can be obtained by ultraviolet (UV)‐irradiation. Here we report on the UV‐induced mutagenesis and transcriptomic analysis of B. bassiana.RESULTSThe wild‐type (WT) B. bassiana (ARSEF2860) was exposed to UV light to induce mutagenesis. Two mutants (named 6M and 8M) showed higher growth rates, conidial yields, and germination rates compared to the WT strain. The mutants showed higher levels of tolerance to osmotic, oxidative, and UV stresses. The mutants showed higher protease, chitinase, cellulose, and chitinase activities than WT. Both WT and mutants were compatible with the insecticides matrine, spinetoram, and chlorantraniliprole, but incompatible with emamectin benzoate. Insect bioassays showed that both mutants were more virulent against S. frugiperda and the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. Transcriptomic profiles of the WT and mutants were determined by RNA‐sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and hub gene analysis revealed virulence‐related genes.CONCLUSIONOur data demonstrate that UV‐irradiation is a very efficient and economical technique to improve the virulence and stress resistance of B. bassiana. Comparative transcriptomic profiles of the mutants provide insights into virulence genes. These results provide new ideas for improving the genetic engineering and field efficacy of EPF. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Minimal physiologically‐based hybrid model of pharmacokinetics in pregnant women: Application to antenatal corticosteroids
Authors: Krzyzanski Wojciech , Milad Mark A. , Jobe Alan H. , Jusko William J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMinimal physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (mPBPK) models are an alternative to full physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models as they offer reduced complexity while maintaining the physiological interpretation of key model components. Full PBPK models have been developed for pregnancy, but a mPBPK model eases the ability to perform a “top‐down” meta‐analysis melding all available pharmacokinetic (PK) data in the mother and fetus. Our hybrid mPBPK model consists of mPBPK models for the mother and fetus with connection by the placenta. This model was applied to describe the rich PK data of antenatal corticosteroid betamethasone (BET) jointly with the limited data for dexamethasone (DEX) in the mother and fetus. Physiologic model parameters were obtained from the literature while drug‐dependent parameters were estimated by the simultaneous fitting of all available data for DEX and BET. Maternal clearances of DEX and BET confirmed the literature values, and the expected fetal‐to‐maternal plasma ratios ranged from 0.3 to 0.4 for both drugs. Simulations of maternal plasma concentrations for the dosing regimens of BET and DEX recommended by the World Health Organization based on our findings revealed up to 60% lower exposures than found in nonpregnant women and offers a means of devising alternative dosing regimens. Our hybrid mPBPK model and meta‐analysis approach could facilitate assessment of other classes of drugs indicated for the treatment of pregnant women.
PK/PD modeling and simulation of the in vitro activity of the combinations of isavuconazole with echinocandins against Candida auris
Authors: Caballero Unai , Eraso Elena , Quindós Guillermo , Vozmediano Valvanera , Schmidt Stephan , Jauregizar Nerea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn vitro combination of echinocandins and isavuconazole against the emerging species Candida auris is mainly synergistic. However, this combination has not been evaluated in clinical settings. A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling and simulation approach based on in vitro data may be helpful to further study the therapeutic potential of these combinations. Therefore, the aims of this study were to characterize the time course of growth and killing of C. auris in response to the combination of the three approved echinocandins and isavuconazole using a semimechanistic model and to perform model‐based simulations in order to predict the in vivo response to combination therapy. In vitro static time‐kill curve data for isavuconazole and echinocandins combinations against six blood isolates of C. auris were best modeled considering the total killing of the fungal population as dependent on the additive effects of both drugs. Once assessed, the predictive performance of the model using simulations of different dosing and fungal susceptibility scenarios were conducted. Model‐based simulations revealed that none of the combinations at standard or higher dosages would be effective against the studied isolates of C. auris and it was predicted that the combinations of isavuconazole with anidulafungin or caspofungin would be effective for minimum inhibitory concentrations up to 0.03 and 0.06 mg/L respectively, whereas the combination with micafungin would lead to treatment failure. The current approach highlights the importance of bridging the in vitro results to the clinic.
Synthesis of Polyurethane/TiO2 Hybrid with High Encapsulation Efficiency Using One‐Step Miniemulsion Polymerization for Methylene Blue Degradation and its Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Metanawin Tanapak , Panutumrong Praripatsaya , Metanawin Siripan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe synthesized a new polymer‐inorganic hybrid miniemulsion, called PU/TiO2 hybrid, based on one‐step miniemulsion‐polyaddition techniques with different concentrations of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2. Studies were carried out using a mixture of isophorone diisocyanate and bisphenol A, TiO2 (1–10 wt. %), sodium dodecyl sulfate (stabilizer), and hexadecane (co‐stabilizer). The stability, particle size, morphology, dye degradation, and antibacterial properties of PU and PU/TiO2 hybrid were investigated. The results show that the average hydrodynamic diameter of PU/TiO2 is in the range of 192–229 nm with a narrow size distribution. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) images demonstrated the well‐defined structure of the hybrids. The energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum was used to identify the elemental composition, and sharp peaks of C (82.7 wt. %), O (7.96 wt. %), and Ti (9.34 wt. %) were observed. The HR‐TEM and EDX results provide excellent proof of the formation of the PU/TiO2 hybrid. The photocatalytic activity of the PU/TiO2 hybrid showed that the PU/aTiO2 10 wt. % hybrid demonstrated the fastest degradation rate of 95.82 % organic dye at 30 min of reaction time under UV−A irradiation (365 nm). Both S. aureus and K. pneumoniae were used to determine antibacterial activity by measuring the reduction in bacterial growth against the control, and the PU/TiO2 hybrid exhibited excellent antibacterial properties.
Incorporation of Plants Extracts and Essential Oils into Starch‐Based Films: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Farooq Saqib , Mir Shabir Ahmad , Shah Manzoor Ahmad , Manickavasagan Annamalai , Sunooj Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal , Siddiqui Mohammed Wasim , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven the global environmental issues associated with petroleum‐based packaging materials, developing green packaging films is a promising innovative approach to packaging food products. In this regard, starch films added with plant extracts and essential oils have been explored for different packaging types of food products. The availability of starch in nature makes starch films a cheap substitute for petroleum‐based packaging material, thus reducing the impact on the environment, packaging costs, and complexity. Recent investigations emphasize identifying and isolating natural ingredients from different plants for use in starch‐based green packaging. Plant extracts and essential oils influence the mechanical and barrier properties and impart antioxidant and antimicrobial properties to the developed films. These films show promising applications in the food industry. This review provides recent insights into the effects of plant extracts and essential oils on starch‐based green packaging films' properties.
A note on the asymptotic symmetries of electromagnetism
Authors: Fuentealba Oscar , Henneaux Marc , Troessaert Cédric 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We extend the asymptotic symmetries of electromagnetism in order to consistently include angle-dependent u(1) gauge transformations ϵ that involve terms growing at spatial infinity linearly and logarithmically in r, ϵ ~ a(θ, φ)r + b(θ, φ) ln r + c(θ, φ). The charges of the logarithmic u(1) transformations are found to be conjugate to those of the $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(1) transformations (abelian algebra with invertible central term) while those of the $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(r) transformations are conjugate to those of the subleading $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(r−1) transformations. Because of this structure, one can decouple the angle-dependent u(1) asymptotic symmetry from the Poincaré algebra, just as in the case of gravity: the generators of these internal transformations are Lorentz scalars in the redefined algebra. This implies in particular that one can give a definition of the angular momentum which is free from u(1) gauge ambiguities. The change of generators that brings the asymptotic symmetry algebra to a direct sum form involves non linear redefinitions of the charges. Our analysis is Hamiltonian throughout and carried at spatial infinity.
Scots pine responses to drought investigated with eddy covariance and sap flow methods
Authors: Dukat Paulina , Ziemblińska Klaudia , Räsänen Matti , Vesala Timo , Olejnik Janusz , Urbaniak Marek 
Published: March 2023

AbstractScots pine, as one of the dominant European tree species in the temperate zone, is experiencing intensified water deficits, especially in north-western and central Poland, where it suffers from frequent droughts and generally low precipitation. This work investigates drought impact on forest functioning, by analysing ecosystem transpiration under normal as well as dry conditions. Therefore, eddy covariance (EC) and sap flow measurements (using the thermal heat balance, THB, method) were combined to estimate transpiration (T) in two different-aged Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands in north-western Poland: Mezyk (ME; 26 years old) and Tuczno (TU; 67 years old). Transpiration (T) estimates regarding EC measurements were derived from gross primary productivity (GPP) fluxes and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) dependence, considering their common relationship with stomatal activity. In 2019, the year following severe drought in Poland and Europe in general, total annual transpiration estimated based on sap flow measurements (TSF) was significantly lower than EC-derived transpiration (TEC) at both sites. The total ratio of TSF/TEC for the growing season (March–August) was 0.64 and 0.41 at ME and TU, respectively. We thus speculate that the understory, which was more abundant in TU than in ME, and which could only be observed by the EC system, may be responsible for the observed discrepancies. Bigger differences between TSF and TEC occurred under dry and wet conditions, while both were fairly similar under moderate conditions. The analysis of the relationships between TSF and soil water content (SWC) at depth of 10 cm revealed that there is a thresholds (SWC ~ 3.5%) at which TSF starts to decrease sharply, presumably due to stomatal closure. However, the decrease in GPP fluxes at the same time was less pronounced, indicating the impact of additional non-stomatal factor on water conductivity. We generally conclude that care should be taken if the conclusion of the occurrence of drought stress of some plants is derived from a bulk evapotranspiration flux, as it is commonly done with EC measurements averaging over the whole ecosystem. Our results also support the notion that non-stomatal water losses are an important element during extreme dry conditions, and that these may appear not only when stomata are already closed.
Broadcasting revenue sharing after cancelling sports competitions
Authors: Bergantiños Gustavo , Moreno-Ternero Juan D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic forced the partial or total cancellation of most sports competitions worldwide. Sports organizations crucially rely on revenues raised from broadcasting. How should the allocation of these revenues be modified when sports leagues are cancelled? We aim to answer that question in this paper by means of the axiomatic approach. Two extension operators (dubbed zero and leg operators, respectively) will play a major role in our analysis. We show that several combinations of axioms (formalizing ethical or strategic principles) characterize the image via those operators of two focal rules: the equal-split rule and concede-and-divide.
AAA interpolation of equispaced data
Authors: Huybrechs Daan , Trefethen Lloyd N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe propose AAA rational approximation as a method for interpolating or approximating smooth functions from equispaced samples. Although it is always better to approximate from large numbers of samples if they are available, whether equispaced or not, this method often performs impressively even when the sampling grid is coarse. In most cases it gives more accurate approximations than other methods. We support this claim with a review and discussion of nine classes of existing methods in the light of general properties of approximation theory as well as the “impossibility theorem” for equispaced approximation. We make careful use of numerical experiments, which are summarized in a sequence of nine figures. Among our new contributions is the observation, summarized in Fig. 7, that methods such as polynomial least-squares and Fourier extension may be either exponentially accurate and exponentially unstable, or less accurate and stable, depending on implementation.
Matched comparison of decellularized homografts and bovine jugular vein conduits for pulmonary valve replacement in congenital heart disease
Authors: Bobylev Dmitry , Horke Alexander , Avsar Murat , Cvitkovic Tomislav , Boethig Dietmar , Hazekamp Mark , Meyns Bart , Rega Filip , Dave Hitendu , Schmiady Martin , Ciubotaru Anatol , Cheptanaru Eduard , Vida Vladimiro , Padalino Massimo , Tsang Victor , Jashari Ramadan , Laufer Günther , Andreas Martin , Andreeva Alexandra , Tudorache Igor , Cebotari Serghei , Haverich Axel , Sarikouch Samir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor decades, bovine jugular vein conduits (BJV) and classic cryopreserved homografts have been the two most widely used options for pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in congenital heart disease. More recently, decellularized pulmonary homografts (DPH) have provided an alternative avenue for PVR. Matched comparison of patients who received DPH for PVR with patients who received bovine jugular vein conduits (BJV) considering patient age group, type of heart defect, and previous procedures. 319 DPH patients were matched to 319 BJV patients; the mean age of BJV patients was 15.3 (SD 9.5) years versus 19.1 (12.4) years in DPH patients (p = 0.001). The mean conduit diameter was 24.5 (3.5) mm for DPH and 20.3 (2.5) mm for BJV (p < 0.001). There was no difference in survival rates between the two groups after 10 years (97.0 vs. 98.1%, p = 0.45). The rate of freedom from endocarditis was significantly lower for BJV patients (87.1 vs. 96.5%, p = 0.006). Freedom from explantation was significantly lower for BJV at 10 years (81.7 vs. 95.5%, p = 0.001) as well as freedom from any significant degeneration at 10 years (39.6 vs. 65.4%, p < 0.001). 140 Patients, matched for age, heart defect type, prior procedures, and conduit sizes of 20–22 mm (± 2 mm), were compared separately; mean age BJV 8.7 (4.9) and DPH 9.5 (7.3) years (p = n.s.). DPH showed 20% higher freedom from explantation and degeneration in this subgroup (p = 0.232). Decellularized pulmonary homografts exhibit superior 10-year results to bovine jugular vein conduits in PVR.
Lignocellulosic membrane grafted with 4-vinylpiridine using radiation chemistry: antimicrobial activity of loaded vancomycin
Authors: Flores-Rojas G. G. , Vázquez E. , López-Saucedo F. , Buendía-González L. , Vera-Graziano R. , Mendizabal E. , Bucio E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractControlled synthesis of biomaterials with pH-responsive materials by radiation chemistry allows the development of new materials with fine-tuned properties that is affordable for simple production schemes and without potentially harmful chemicals. This work develops new lignocellulose-based materials with antimicrobial properties for wound dressing. The proposal was the radiation-grafting-induced of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) onto a lignocellulosic membrane from Agave salmiana (v. Maguey) to provide pH-response. The lignocellulose-based materials were suitable for the load and release of an antimicrobial glycopeptide drug, improving the drug load and a prolonged release. Finally, the loaded pH-responsive materials exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria at different pH. The new materials were characterized by several techniques such as thermogravimetric analyzes, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopic, mechanical properties, nuclear magnetic resonance, X-rays photoelectron spectroscopy, and microbiological tests.
Graphical abstract
A 5-Year Suicide Rate of Adolescents Who Enrolled to an Open Dialogue-Based Services: A Nationwide Longitudinal Register-Based Comparison
Authors: Bergström Tomi , Seikkula Jaakko , Gaily-Luoma Selma , Miettunen Jouko , Kurtti Mia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the Open Dialogue (OD) based psychiatric services adolescent patients receive less medication and are more often treated within an outpatient setting as compared to standard services. An evaluation of the possible risks of implementing OD are required. The aim of this longitudinal register-based study was to evaluate how treatment under OD is associated with the probability of suicide as compared standard psychiatric care. Study included all 13- to 20-year-old adolescents who enrolled to a psychiatric service in Finland in 2003–2013. The OD-group included adolescents whose treatment commenced in the Western Lapland area (n = 2107), this being the only region where OD covered all psychiatric services. The comparison group (CG) included rest of Finland (n = 121,658). Information was gathered from onset of treatment to the end of the 5-year follow-up or death. In a multivariate Cox regression there were no statistically significant differences in 5-year suicide hazard ratios between OD and CG.