bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nya villkor för ett gammalt problem
Authors: Pålsson David , Lundström Tommy , Sallnäs Marie 
Published: January 2023

New conditions for an old problem: foster care recruitment in an era of privatisation and professionalisation
Foster care is the most common intervention for children who are placed in out-of-home care. At the same time, there are recurrent discussions about difficulties in recruiting foster homes. The preconditions for recruitment have changed and today, there is an increased competition for foster homes between municipalities and private businesses, stricter requirements placed on foster parents and changes in the needs of children placed in care. The aim of the article is to analyse the recruitment of foster homes in light of these changed preconditions. Empirically, the article is based on a survey targeting Swedish municipalities. The findings show, that although a majority of the municipalities have employees particularly responsible for recruitment, small municipalities often lack such resources. Further on, almost three quarters of the municipalities state that it is difficult or very difficult to recruit foster homes. For example, answers to the survey’s open questions demonstrate that competition from other municipalities and private companies affects recruitment. Further on, the municipality’s reputation is considered an important factor for attracting new foster homes. Finally, it appears to be difficult for municipalities to recruit a varied supply of foster homes and, in particular, homes that can care for children with special needs. The findings are discussed in relation to previous international and Swedish research. Finally, suggestions regarding how recruitment may be improved are presented.
Professorsinstallation 2021
Authors: Alakoski Susanna 
Published: January 2023

Det är en stor sak. Att tilldelas ett hedersuppdrag. I en tid då ämnet humaniora, som sådant, på sina håll, tycks vara angripet av svartmögel, bestämmer sig Linköpings universitet för att satsa stort på det. Därav två nyinstiftade gästprofessurer, en i Moa Martinssons namn, en i Tage Danielssons.
Kan bara säga, tack.
Älskar det.
A nonlinear associations of metabolic score for insulin resistance index with incident diabetes: A retrospective Chinese cohort study
Authors: Chen Zhuangsen , Huang Caiyan , Zhou Zhongyu , Zhang Yanrong , Xu Mingyan , Tang Yingying , Fan Lei , Feng Kun 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe Metabolic score of insulin resistance (METS-IR) has recently been accepted as a reliable alternative to insulin resistance (IR), which was demonstrated to be consistent with the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Few pieces of research have focused on the relationship between METS-IR and diabetes in Chinese. The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of METS-IR on new-onset diabetes in a large multicenter Chinese study.MethodsAt the baseline of this retrospective longitudinal research, 116855 participators were included in the Chinese cohort study administered from 2010 to 2016. The subjects were stratified by quartiles of METS-IR. To assess the effect of METS-IR on incident diabetes, the Cox regression model was constructed in this study. Stratification analysis and interaction tests were applied to detect the potential effect of METS-IR and incident diabetes among multiple subgroups. To verify whether there was a dose-response relationship between METS-IR and diabetes, a smooth curve fitting was performed. In addition, to further determine the performance of METS -IR in predicting incident diabetes, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was conducted.ResultsThe average age of the research participators was 44.08 ± 12.93 years, and 62868 (53.8%) were men. METS-IR were significant relationship with new-onset diabetes after adjusting for possible variables (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.077; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.073-1.082, P &lt; 0.0001), the onset risk for diabetes in Quartile 4 group was 6.261-fold higher than those in Quartile 1 group. Moreover, stratified analyses and interaction tests showed that interaction was detected in the subgroup of age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose, there was no significant interaction between males and females. Furthermore, a dose-response correlation was detected between METS-IR and incident diabetes, the nonlinear relationship was revealed and the inflection point of METS-IR was calculated to be 44.43. When METS-IR≥44.43, compared with METS-IR &lt; 44.43, the trend was gradually saturated, with log-likelihood ratio test P &lt; 0.001. Additionally, the area under receiver operating characteristic of the METS-IR in predicting incident diabetes was 0.729, 0.718, and 0.720 at 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively.ConclusionsMETS-IR was correlated with incident diabetes significantly, and showed a nonlinear relationship. This study also found that METS-IR had good discrimination of diabetes.
Bioprosthetic valve monitoring in patients with carcinoid heart disease
Authors: Honan Kevin A. , Hassan Saamir , Deswal Anita , Herrmann Joerg , Song Juhee , Monlezun Dominique , Halperin Daniel , Mahvash Armeen , Dasari Arvind , Koutroumpakis Efstratios , Akay Mehmet , Balanescu Dinu-Valentin , de Armas Ismael Salas , Patel Manish , Nathan Sriram , Kar Biswajit , Marmagkiolis Konstantinos , Lopez-Mattei Juan , Patel Jay , Gregoric Igor , Yao James , Iliescu Cezar A. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundCarcinoid heart disease (CnHD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with neuroendocrine tumors and carcinoid syndrome. Although valve replacement surgery appears to decrease all-cause mortality in patients with advanced CnHD, few studies have investigated the outcomes of patients after valve replacement.MethodsWe conducted a multi-institution retrospective registry of patients who received both tricuspid and pulmonic bioprosthetic valve (TV/PV) replacements for advanced CnHD from November 2005 to March 2021. Patients were followed post-operatively with echocardiographic studies every 3 months. Carcinoid valvular heart disease scores were used to monitor valve degeneration. Neuroendocrine tumor treatment, their administration times, and associations with echocardiographic findings were recorded.ResultsOf 87 patients with CnHD, 22 patients underwent simultaneous surgical TV and PV replacement. In 6 patients (27.3%), increased PV Vmax was the first echocardiographic manifestation of valve degeneration in the setting of occult neurohormonal release. Post-operative telotristat ethyl and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy appeared to stabilize PV Vmax. The PV Vmax showed consistent elevation in the entire patient population when compared to baseline, while bioprosthetic TV echocardiographic parameters were relatively unchanged throughout. Post-operative warfarin therapy did not affect the rate of PV degeneration, and no major bleeding was recorded during or after post-operative anticoagulation therapy.ConclusionBioprosthetic valve degeneration is common in CnHD. Monitoring with echocardiographic studies every 3 months, focusing on PV velocities, could identify patients with occult disease that very likely promotes valve degeneration. Novel neuroendocrine tumor therapies may have a beneficial impact on valve degeneration.
Rate of atrial fibrillation and flutter induced tachycardiomyopathy in a cohort of hospitalized patients with heart failure and detection of indicators for improved diagnosis
Authors: Ermert Lynn , Kreimer Fabienne , Quast Daniel R. , Pflaumbaum Andreas , Mügge Andreas , Gotzmann Michael 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) induced tachycardiomyopathy (TCM) has been known to cause reversible heart failure (HF) for many years. However, the prevalence of the disease is unknown, and diagnosis is challenging. Therefore, the aim of the present study was (1) to assess the rate of AF/AFL induced TCM and (2) to identify indicators for diagnosis.MethodsConsecutively, all patients with a diagnosis of HF who were hospitalized in our department within 12 months were reviewed. For the main analysis, all patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and AF or AFL were included. AF/AFL induced TCM was diagnosed when there was at least a 10% improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction under rhythm or rate control within 3 months. Patients with HFrEF with AF/AFL but without TCM served as control group.ResultsA total of 480 patients were included. AF/AFL induced TCM occurred in 26 patients (5.4%) and HFrEF with AF/AFL in 53 patients (11%). Independent indicators of AF/AFL induced TCM were age&lt;79 years [Odds ratio 5.887, confidence interval (CI) 1.999–17.339, p &lt; 0.001], NT-pro-BNP &lt;5,419 pg/mL (Odds ratio 2.327, CI 1.141–4.746, p = 0.004), and a resting heart rate &gt;112 bpm (Odds ratio 2.503, CI 1.288–4.864, p = 0.001).ConclusionApproximately 5% of all patients hospitalized for HF suffer from AF/AFL induced TCM. Improved discrimination of AF/AFL induced TCM to HFrEF with AF/AFL is possible considering age, NT-pro-BNP level, and resting heart rate &gt;112 beats/minute. Based on these parameters, an earlier diagnosis and improved therapy might be possible.
Multiple statistical models reveal specific volatile organic compounds affect sex hormones in American adult male: NHANES 2013–2016
Authors: Wei Chengcheng , Cao Li , Zhou Yuancheng , Zhang Wenting , Zhang Pu , Wang Miao , Xiong Ming , Deng Changqi , Xiong Qi , Liu Weihui , He Qingliu , Guo Yihong , Shao Zengwu , Chen Xiaogang , Chen Zhaohui 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundSome VOCs are identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), interfering with the effect of sex hormones. However, no studies focused on the common spectrum of environmental VOCs exposure affecting sex hormones in the average male population.ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the association between VOCs and sex hormones in American adult males using multiple statistical models.MethodsThe generalized linear (GLM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), weighted quantile sum (WQS), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and stratified models were used to evaluate the associations between Specific Volatile Organic Compounds and sex hormones in American adult male from NHANES 2013–2016.ResultsPearson correlation model revealed the potential co-exposure pattern among VOCs. XGBoost algorithm models and the WQS model suggested the relative importance of VOCs. BKMR models reveal that co-exposure to the VOCs was associated with increased Testosterone (TT), Estradiol (E2), SHBG and decreased TT/E2. GLM models revealed specific VOC exposure as an independent risk factor causing male sex hormones disorders. Stratified analysis identified the high-risk group on the VOCs exposures. We found Blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran in VOCs was the most significant effect on sex hormones in male. Testosterone increased by 213.594 (ng/dL) (124.552, 302.636) and estradiol increased by 7.229 (pg/mL) for each additional unit of blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran (ng/mL).ConclusionThis study is an academic illustration of the association between VOCs exposure and sex hormones, suggesting that exposure to VOCs might be associated with sex hormone metabolic disorder in American adult males.
Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation parameters are not associated with de novo chromosomal abnormality rates and clinical pregnancy outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: Liu Yanli , Shen Junhan , Zhang Yuchao , Peng Rui , Zhao Junliang , Zhou Pengfei , Yang Rujing , Guan Yichun 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) parameters influence the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities (&gt; 4 Mb) in blastocysts and, thus, clinical pregnancy outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).MethodsCouples who underwent preimplantation genetic testing for structural chromosome rearrangements (PGT-SR) and monogenic disorders (PGT-M) were included in this study. The relationships of maternal age, paternal age, stimulation protocol, exogenous gonadotropin dosage, duration of stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved and estradiol (E2) levels on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger day with the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities were assessed. Blastocysts were biopsied, and nuclear DNA was sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Clinical pregnancy outcomes after single euploid blastocyst transfers under different COH parameters were assessed. ResultsA total of 1,710 and 190 blastocysts were biopsied for PGT-SR and PGT-M, respectively. The rate of de novo chromosomal abnormalities was found to increase with maternal age (p&lt; 0.001) and paternal age (p = 0.019) in the PGT-SR group. No significant differences in the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities were seen for different maternal or paternal age groups between the PGT-SR and PGT-M groups (p &gt; 0.05). Stratification analysis by gonadotropin dosage, stimulation protocol, duration of stimulation, number of retrieved oocytes and E2 levels on hCG trigger day revealed that de novo chromosomal abnormalities and clinical pregnancy outcomes were not correlated with COH parameters after adjusting for various confounding factors.ConclusionThe rate of de novo chromosomal abnormalities was found to increase with maternal or paternal age. COH parameters were found to not influence the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities or clinical pregnancy outcomes.
Association between triglyceride glucose index and risk of cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Huan , Yan Feifei , Cui Yani , Chen Feinan , Wang Guixia , Cui Weiwei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundTriglyceride glucose (TyG) index as a more convenient and reliable predictor of insulin resistance (IR) is thought to be associated with many diseases, but its relationship with cancer remains unclear.MethodsThe meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of TyG index on cancer risk utilizing the available evidence. PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from their inception up to July 2022. A random-effects model was used to calculate the effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 6 observational studies met our inclusion criteria, which including 992292 participants. The meta-analysis indicated that the higher TyG index increased cancer risk compared to the lower TyG index group (total effect size =1.14, 95% CI [1.08, 1.20], P&lt;0.001).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis found that higher TyG index may increase the risk of cancer. More prospective cohort studies and basic research are warranted to verify the relationship.
Exploring the role of tumor stemness and the potential of stemness-related risk model in the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yue Yuan , Tao Jie , An Dan , Shi Lei 
Published: January 2023

Background: Tumor stem cells (TSCs) have been widely reported to play a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis. We explored the role of tumor stemness in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) and established a prognostic risk model related to tumor stemness for prognosis prediction and clinical treatment guidance in iCCA patients.Materials and Methods: The expression profiles of iCCA samples (E-MTAB-6389 and GSE107943 cohorts) were used in the study. One-class logistic regression algorithm calculated the mRNA stemness index (mRNAsi). The mRNAsi-related genes were used as a basis for the identification of mRNAsi-related molecular subtypes through consensus clustering. The immune characteristics and biological pathways of different subtypes were assessed. The mRNAsi-related risk model was constructed with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subtypes.Results: The patients with high mRNAsi had longer overall survival than that with low mRNAsi. Two subtypes were identified with that C2 had higher mRNAsi and better prognosis than C1. Tumor-related pathways such as TGF-β and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were activated in C1. C1 had higher enrichment of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages, as well as higher immune response and angiogenesis score than C2. We screened a total 98 prognostic DEGs between C1 and C2. Based on the prognostic DEGs, we constructed a risk model containing three genes (ANO1, CD109, and CTNND2) that could divide iCCA samples into high- and low-risk groups. The two groups had distinct prognosis and immune characteristics. Notably, the risk score was negatively associated with mRNAsi (R = −0.53). High-risk group had higher enrichment score of T cell inflamed GEP, INF-γ, and cytolytic activity, and lower score of estimated IC50 of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin than low-risk group.Conclusions: This study clarified the important role of tumor stemness in iCCA and developed an mRNAsi-related risk model for predicting the prognosis and supporting the clinical treatment in iCCA patients. The three genes (ANO1, CD109, and CTNND2) may serve as potential targets for iCCA treatment.
Occurrence of respiratory viruses among outpatients with diarrhea in Beijing, China, 2019–2020
Authors: Shen Lingyu , Yan Hanqiu , Li Weihong , Tian Yi , Lin Changying , Liu Baiwei , Wang Yu , Jia Lei , Zhang Daitao , Yang Peng , Wang Quanyi , Gao Zhiyong 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate respiratory virus infections in diarrhea cases and identify the risk of respiratory virus transmission through feces.MethodsFecal specimens were collected from diarrhea cases in enteric disease clinics in Beijing, China, from 2019 to 2020. Cases that tested negative for norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and enteric adenovirus were included in the study. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect 16 groups of respiratory viruses, and the major viruses were genotyped. Viruses isolation and digestion of clinical specimens and nucleic acid by artificial gastric acid or artificial bile/pancreatic juice were used to evaluate the risk of respiratory virus transmission through feces.ResultsA total of 558 specimens were collected and 47 (8.42%) specimens were detected positive, 40 (13.33%, 40/300) in 2019, and 7 (2.71%, 7/258) in 2020, including 20 (3.58%) for human rhinovirus (HRV), 13 (2.32%) for Bocavirus (BoV), 6 (1.08%) for parainfluenza virus I (PIV), 4 (0.72%) for coronavirus (CoV) OC43, 3 (0.54%) for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A, and 1 (0.18%) for both BoV and CoV OC43. Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other viruses were not detected in this study. Eight genotypes were identified in the 13 HRV specimens. BoVs 1 and 2 were identified in nine BoV specimens. HRV infectious virions were successfully isolated from 2 clinical specimens and clinical specimens of HRV, RSV, PIV, and CoV could not be detected after 4 h of digestion and their nucleic acid could not be detected after 2 h of digestion by artificial gastric acid or artificial bile/pancreatic juice.ConclusionThere may be a risk of respiratory virus transmission from diarrhea cases, and interventions against SARS-COV-2 epidemics are also effective for other respiratory viruses.
Spontaneous brain activity in healthy aging: An overview through fluctuations and regional homogeneity
Authors: Montalà-Flaquer Marc , Cañete-Massé Cristina , Vaqué-Alcázar Lídia , Bartrés-Faz David , Peró-Cebollero Maribel , Guàrdia-Olmos Joan 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThis study aims to explore whole-brain resting-state spontaneous brain activity using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) strategies to find differences among age groups within a population ranging from middle age to older adults.MethodsThe sample comprised 112 healthy persons (M = 68.80, SD = 7.99) aged 48–89 who were split into six age groups (&lt; 60, 60–64, 65–69, 70–74, 75–79, and ≥ 80). Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and ReHo analyses were performed and were compared among the six age groups, and the significant results commonly found across groups were correlated with the gray matter volume of the areas and the age variable.ResultsIncreased activity was found using fALFF in the superior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus when comparing the first group and the fifth. Regarding ReHo analysis, Group 6 showed increased ReHo in the temporal lobe (hippocampus), right and left precuneus, right caudate, and right and left thalamus depending on the age group. Moreover, significant correlations between age and fALFF and ReHo clusters, as well as with their gray matter volume were found, meaning that the higher the age, the higher the regional synchronization, the lower the fALFF activation, and the lower gray matter of the right thalamus.ConclusionBoth techniques have been shown to be valuable and usable tools for disentangling brain changes in activation in a very low interval of years in healthy aging.
Case report: Pallidal deep brain stimulation for treatment of tardive dystonia/dyskinesia secondary to chronic metoclopramide medication
Authors: Nagel Johanna M. , Ghika Joseph , Runge Joachim , Wolf Marc E. , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTardive dystonia/dyskinesia (TDD) occurs as a side effect of anti-dopaminergic drugs, including metoclopramide, and is often refractory to medication. While pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become an accepted treatment for TDD secondary to neuroleptic medication, there is much less knowledge about its effects on metoclopramide-induced TDD.MethodsWe present the case of a woman with metoclopramide-induced TDD, whose symptoms were initially misjudged as “functional.” After 8 years of ineffective medical treatments, she received bilateral implantation of quadripolar electrodes into the posteroventral lateral globus pallidus internus (GPi).ResultsGPi DBS led to significant symptom reduction [Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) motor score 24/44 at admission and 7/44 at discharge]. Chronic stimulation led to full recovery from TDD symptoms 9 years after surgery. The BFMDRS motor score decreased to 0.5 (98% improvement).DiscussionPallidal DBS may result in sustained improvement of TDD secondary to chronic metoclopramide intake in the long term.
Establishment of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block in rats
Authors: Lin Shi-zhu , Chen Lu , Tang Yi-jie , Zheng Cheng-jie , Ke Peng , Chen Meng-nan , Wu Hai-xing , Chen Yu , Qiu Liang-cheng , Wu Xiao-dan , Zeng Kai 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundA novel protocol for accurate stellate ganglion block under ultrasound guidance was designed in rats. This technique raises the success rate of stellate ganglion block and reduces the incidence of brachial plexus and vagus nerve block.MethodsFifty-six Sprague-Dawley were randomly divided into an ultrasound-guided group (n = 28) and a blind technique group (n = 28). The rats in the blind technique group were injected with 1.5% lidocaine mixed with methylene blue after signs of brachial plexus stimulation were elicited. The lateral side of the cephalic brachial vein was located under the first rib, where lidocaine was injected into the rats in the ultrasound-guided group. The up-and-down sequential method of Dixon was used to determine the minimum effective volume for stellate ganglion block in rats. Furthermore, we calculated the required operative duration of the two methods and observed the difference in the lidocaine diffusion range between the two groups.ResultsThe minimum effective volume for stellate ganglion block in the ultrasound-guided group was 0.040 ml, and the 95% CI was 0.026–0.052 ml. In the blind technique group, the minimum effective volume was 0.639 ml, and the 95% CI was 0.490–0.733 ml. Within the 95% CI of the lowest effective volume, the incidence of brachial plexus block as a complication of stellate ganglion block under ultrasound guidance was 10.00%.ConclusionStellate ganglion block under ultrasound guidance is more accurate than blind detection, which the incidence of complications of stellate ganglion block under ultrasound guidance was significantly lower than under blind detection; the rate of methylene blue staining in the vagus nerve was significantly lower under ultrasound guidance.