bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel mRNA-based Immunological Biomarker for Early Detection of Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Lee Jong-chan , Kim Hong Sik , Sim Eun-Jin , Cho Hyunjun , Youn Yuna , Kim Jaihwan , Jeong Hyoung-Hwa , Kim Jihie , Hwang Jin-Hyeok 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: In this study, we aimed to develop and validate a novel mRNA-based immunological biomarker panel for the early detection of resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC).
Methods: Blood samples and clinical information of a cohort of 297 individuals (102 patients with PC and 195 non-disease controls) were obtained between 2015 and 2020. mRNA levels of candidate immunological biomarkers identified through an extensive literature review in buffy coat samples were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The final biomarker panel was confirmed using biological feature selection. Subsequently, the marker panel was trained and validated through artificial intelligence (AI)-based cross-validation.
Results: Among 55 candidate biomarkers, eight mRNAs (CCL2, CCL5, CXCR2, IFN-γ, IFN-λ1, PTGES2, SLC27A2, and TNF) were selected based on biological and statistical performance to develop a biomarker panel. The octet-biomarker panel successfully identified all stages of PC with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.925 in the training set (AUC = 0.922 in the validation set). In patients with RPC, the AUC for the panel was 0.973, whereas that for CA19-9 level was 0.809. For the combination of the panel and CA19-9 level, the AUC was 0.990 in patients with RPC. Furthermore, even in patients with RPC and normal CA19-9 level, the AUC for the octet-biomarker panel was 0.969, whereas that for CA19-9 level alone was 0.787 and for the combination of the panel and CA19-9 level was 0.977.
Conclusion: Compared with CA19-9, the mRNA-based immunologic octet-biomarker panel improved diagnostic performance, especially in RPC with normal CA19-9 levels.
Solidified magma reservoir derived from seismic exploration in the Aira caldera, southern Kyushu, Japan
Authors: Miyamachi Hiroki , Yakiwara Hiroshi , Kobayashi Reiji , Hirano Shuichiro , Kubo Takeshi , Souda Masakazu , Sakao Kenyu , Unno Naohiro , Matsushima Takeshi , Uchida Kazunari , Miyamachi Rintaro , Isoda Kenshin , Teguri Yoshiko , Kamiya Yoshinosuke , Triahadini Agnis , Shimizu Hiroshi , Katao Hiroshi , Shibutani Takuo , Tameguri Takeshi , Yamashita Yusuke , Miura Tsutomu , Nakagawa Jun , Yoneda Itaru , Kato Shinya , Takishita Kosei , Nakai Kazuho , Maeda Yuta , Watanabe Toshiki , Horikawa Shinichiro , Matsushiro Kenjiro , Okuda Takashi , Tsuji Shuhei , Sogawa Naoki , Hasegawa Daima , Nakahigashi Kazuo , Kurashimo Eiji , Yamada Tomoaki , Abe Hideji , Ando Miwako , Tanaka Shinichi , Ikezawa Satoshi , Iwasaki Takaya , Shinohara Masanao , Sato Toshinori , Yamamoto Mare , Azuma Ryosuke , Hirahara Satoshi , Nakayama Takashi , Suzuki Syuichi , Otomo Shuhei , Hino Ryota , Tsutsui Tomoki , Inoue Yusuke , Takei Ryuichi , Tada Yuya , Takahashi Hiroaki , Murai Yoshio , Aoyama Hiroshi , Ohzono Mako , Shiina Takahiro , Takada Masamitsu , Ichiyanagi Masayoshi , Yamaguchi Teruhiro , Ono Natsuki , Saito Kazuma , Ito Chihiro , Susukida Yuuki , Nakagaki Tatsuya , Tanaka Yasuhisa , Akinaga Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Seismic exploration was conducted along a profile running through the Aira caldera located in southern Kyushu, Japan. The caldera was formed by an ignimbrite eruption approximately 30 ka BP, namely, the “AT eruption,” which produced the Ito ignimbrite and widespread Aira-Tanzawa ash. This analysis aimed to clarify the detailed P-wave velocity structure beneath the caldera. Accordingly, 829 inland seismic stations and 42 ocean bottom seismographs were deployed along the 195 km-long seismic profile to record seismic waves generated by numerous controlled seismic sources. A detailed velocity structure of the active Aira caldera was successfully obtained to depths of 20 km through travel-time tomography. A substantial structural difference was observed in the thicknesses of the low-velocity zones between the eastern and western sides in the shallowest region of the Aira caldera, suggesting that the Aira caldera is composed of at least two calderas: the AT caldera associated with the AT eruption, and the Wakamiko caldera associated with the post-AT eruption. Perhaps the most interesting feature of the caldera structure is the existence of a substantially high-velocity zone at depths of 6–11 km beneath the center area of the AT caldera, which can be interpreted as the cooled and solidified magma reservoir formed during or after the AT eruption. In addition, a low-velocity region with approximately 15 km depths indicated a deep magma reservoir. Based on these novel and past research results, a new magma supply model in the Aira caldera was proposed. Further, the spatial distribution of the magma reservoir associated with the AT eruption 30 ka BP was estimated, while the future possibility of larger eruptions in this caldera was discussed.
Association of Vitamin D levels and Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with obesity in Bangladeshi school-going children:
A case-control study
Authors: Akter Raushanara , Neelotpol Sharmind , Afrose Afrina , Sharmin Shahana , Haque Md. Aminul , Rezwan Rifat , Roy Anjan Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:
Childhood obesity and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) are recent health concerns associated with several clinical, psychosocial, and genetic manifestations like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, depression, and cancer. This study aimed to investigate the association between lifestyle variables and vitamin D levels and VDR gene polymorphism with obesity among Bangladeshi school-going children.
Methods:
Epidemiological data and blood samples were collected from a total of 164 participants aged 6-13. Serum vit-D level was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene such as TaqI, BsmI, ApaI, and FokI were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay (PCR-RFLP).
Results:
The vit-D level was significantly lower in obese children (37.54 ± 14.39 ng/mL) compared to the underweight, normal, and overweight groups (44 .08 ± 15.57 to 50.46 ± 19.25 ng/mL) (p=0.013). Among the lifestyle variables, sunlight exposure during the daytime had a significant effect on the vit-D level of the participants regardless of their BMI status (p=0.003). The SNPs of the VDR gene study demonstrated that the Bb allele of the BsmI gene in obese children (58.62%) was significantly different from the control groups (73.33%) (p=0.02). 24.14% of obese children were of BB genotype, 58.62% of Bb genotype, and 17.24% of bb genotype, while in controls, BB, Bb, and bb genotypes were 20%, 73.33%, and 6.67%, respectively. Importantly, 66.67% of children with vit-D deficiency were BsmI-bb genotype carriers whereas only 5% of children were BsmI-bb genotype carriers who had sufficient vit-D concentrations.
Conclusion:
A significant association of reduced vitamin D levels and Bb alleles of the BsmI with childhood obesity has been identified. Hence, reduced vitamin D levels and VDR-BsmI polymorphism are risk factors for childhood obesity and suggest further study with a larger number of participants and lifestyle as well as therapeutic interventions in obese children.
Development and evaluation of the thermal contribution of a vapor chamber cooling structure in the shaft for motor spindle
Authors: Liang Feng , Rohlfs Wilko , Xu Liang , Gao Jianmin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The thermally induced deformation of motor spindles, which is an essential component of machine tool, takes significant responsibility for the overall processing errors. Traditionally, water-cooling-circuit is applied to dissipate the heat generated in the built-in motor and the bearings. However, with the increasing demand of high-speed machining and high precision, water-cooling-circuit becomes less efficient to deal with the heat generation in the system. To overcome this conundrum, a Vapor Chamber Cooling Structure (VCCS) inside the spindle shaft is proposed and designed aiming to enhance its effective thermal conductivity. The potential of heat removal of the VCCS is experimentally investigated for a set of operational conditions, including the influence of working fluid, fluid load, rotational speed, and heating power. The results indicate that the heat transport through the shaft with the VCCS is noticeably improved. A theoretical model is developed to determine the liquid film profile and heat transfer in the VCCS. The thin-film heat transfer coefficient is obtained based on the experimental and numerical results, which is correlated with the thermophysical properties and film thickness of the working liquid to reveal the heat transfer mechanisms inside the thin-film.
Coronary artery disease, its associations with ocular, genetic and blood lipid parameters
Authors: Matulevičiūtė Indrė , Tatarūnas Vacis , Lesauskaitė Vaiva , Skipskis Vilius , Čiapienė Ieva , Veikutienė Audronė , Dobilienė Olivija , Žaliūnienė Dalia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives. To investigate the associations between ophthalmic parameters, CYP4F2 (rs2108622) and ABCA1 (rs1883025) polymorphisms and coronary artery disease, considering the accessibility, non-invasive origin of retinal examination and its possible resemblance to coronary arteries.
Subjects/Methods. 165 participants divided into groups based on the coronary angiography results and clinical status: control group (N=73), MI group (N=63), 3VD (three vessel disease) (N=24). All the participants underwent total ophthalmic examination – optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography of the macula region were performed and evaluated. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride cholesterol (Tg-C) were tested. A standard manufacturer’s protocol for CYP4F2(rs2108622) and ABCA1 (rs1883025) was used for genotyping with TaqMan probes.
Results. GCL+ layer was thicker in control group vs. 3VD group (74.00; 62.67-94.67 (median; min.-max.) vs. 71.06; 51.33-78.44, p=0.037). T allele carriers under ABCA1 rs1883025 dominant model were shown to have ticker retina and smaller foveal avascular zone in superficial capillary plexus and smaller Tg-C concentration. ABCA1 rs1883025 was associated with retinal thickness (OR=0.575, 95 % CI 0.348-0.948, p=0.030).Univariate logistic regression showed that ABCA1 rs1883025 CT genotype is associated with decreased risk for coronary artery disease development under overdominant genetic model (OR=0.498, 95 % CI 0.254-0.976; p=0.042) and codominant genetic model (OR=0.468, 95 % CI 0.232-0.945, p=0.034).
Conclusions. Results of this study confirmed that non-invasive methods such as OCT of eye might be used for identification of patients at risk of CAD.
Research progress on ecology and sustainable development of Guilin Lijiang River Basin, China based on bibliometric analysis
Authors: DONG Shulong , MO Yanhua , MA Jiangming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Guilin is a typical representative of karst landform in South China. Because of its unique geographical landform and hydrological environment, Lijiang River Basin has received a certain degree of attention in field of ecology and sustainable development. In order to understand the hot spots, research frontiers and literature overview in the research field of Guilin Lijiang River Basin Ecology and Sustainable Development (GLRBESD), and clarify current and future research directions. Results showed that number of published papers was in a fluctuating upward trend from 1992 to 2022 and from 2011 to 2022, respectively. Work of scholars in this field has been continuously strengthened and deepened, and overall scientific research results show an increasing trend. Research objects and topics are mainly aimed at the water resources, climate and environment of GLRB Landscape ecology and SDGs index construction. Research of GLRBESD published documents has the characteristics of multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary integration. High-frequency keywords in research field focus on ecotourism, ecological restoration and sustainable development, mainly based on the research of ecotourism development. Impact of environmental factor changes and human activities on land use change in different periods is an important research topic. Core research fields of GLRBESD on macro-scale can be divided into ESV and function, ecological compensation and ecotourism, ecological environment and ecological restoration, ecological network and ecological risk assessment, sustainable development. This research provides systematic scientific research basis for enhancing sustainable development ability and ecosystem functions and services of World Natural Heritage Site.
Low antimony concentration promoted growth, glucosinolates metabolism and biological activity of two Brassica sp.
Authors: Khamis Galal , Hassan Abdelrahim H. A. , Alsherif Emad A. , Korany Shereen Magdy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Antimony (Sb), a common rare heavy metal, found naturally in soils at low conecntrations. Thus, this study aimed to understand how plants cope with the low Sb concentrations. To this end, Brassica napus and Brassica rapa were treated with Sb at 8 mg/kg soil to explore their responses on the levels of growth, photosynthesis, glucosinolates metabolism, redox status and and biological activity. Our results revealed that Sb significantly promoted growth by 1.34 and 1.14-fold in B. napus and B. rapa compared to control conditions. This increase can be explained by the observed increase in photosynthesis as indicated by increased chlorophyll content. Sb significantly improved total glucosinolates accumulation, possibly through improved amino acids production, namely, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. There were increases in myrosinase activity, which stimulated glucosinolates hydrolysis to yield health-promoting sulforaphane. In contrast, low level of ineffective sulforaphane nitrile was detected. Sb also improved the antioxidant metabolities (tocopherol) and enzymes (CAT, POX, SOD) in both species but to more extent in B.napus by 1.98, 2.77, 2.46 and 2.05 fold, respectively. This increase in glucosinolates and antioxidants led to increased brassic In conclusion, although high Sb concetrations is toxic, low natural Sb conecntrations can promote the biomass and bioactive compound accumulation in Brassica spp.
Genomic properties and clinical outcomes associated with tertiary lymphoid structures in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Wang Liye , Gong Shuai , Pang Lina , Zhang Shengli , Zhang Xiaoke , He Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) play a crucial role in determining prognosis and response to immunotherapy in several solid malignancies. Nevertheless, the effect of TLS-associated gene signature based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort in patients with breast cancer (BC) remains controversial. Based on TCGA BC dataset (n=866), 9-gene was identified to construct an TLS signature and further analyzed its prognostic value. Then, we explored the relationship of this TLS signature with molecular subtype, immune microenvironment, tumor mutational burden (TMB). High-TLS signature patients had a better overall survival (OS) than low-TLS signature patients, consistent with the results in the METABRIC cohort. Multivariate analysis revealed that TLS signature remained an independent prognostic indicator for OS. In addition, we established a nomogram with the integration of TLS signature and other independent variables to predict individual risk of death. The comprehensive results showed that a high TLS signature was correlated with inhibition of cell proliferation pathways, low TP53 mutation rate, high infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and M1 macrophages, and more benefit from immunotherapy. Therefore, TLS signature is a promising biomarker to distinguish the prognosis, the molecular and immune characteristics, and the immune benefit from immunotherapy in BC.
Topic: Facilitating disclosure of traditional medicine use to Allopathic Medicine Practitioners: A case study in Gauteng
Authors: Gumede* Lindiwe , Nkosi Busisiwe P. , Sibiya Nokuthula M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background Traditional medicine (TM) plays a key role in maintaining health in many societies. While Allopathic Medicine Practitioners (AMPs) continue to adhere to allopathic medicine (AM) techniques, the use of TM endures for a variety of reasons. Given the requirement for TM disclosure, AMPs must encourage open communication with patients to persuade those who use TM and AM to disclose. We sought to understand and describe how South African AMPs facilitate disclosure of TM use during a consultation with patients who use both TM and AM and how it influences the patient’s willingness to disclose TM use.Methods This qualitative case study on AMPs at Gauteng district hospitals in South Africa was conducted between 2021 and 2022. Non-probability purposive sampling was employed to sample 14 AMPs. Individual participants were encouraged to share their unique experiences and interpretations of the phenomenon. Data were audio recorded, transcribed, loaded in ATLAS.ti and analysed. Using inductive content analysis, the material was reduced into themes that may meet the study questions.Results The data revealed four main themes: 'providing a suitable atmosphere for disclosure,' 'encouraging patients to disclose TM usage to AMPs,' 'patient autonomy,' and 'AMP training'. During a consultation with patients who use both TM and AM, participants expressed their experiences and perceptions of TM nondisclosure. They also discussed several methods for encouraging patients to disclose their TM usage, particularly when TM is used concurrently with AM.Conclusion This study goes beyond the previously widely reported and explored distinctions in barriers and facilitators and investigates the issues driving non-disclosure of TM during a consultation with patients who use TM and AM without disclosing. Many AMPs struggle to initiate TM conversations with their patients which result in non-disclosure. This necessitates facilitation that is appropriate for all patients, assuming the possibility of TM use.
Genotype by environment interactions and stability for grain yield and other agronomic traits of sorghum in Ethiopia
Authors: Birhanu Chemeda , Mekbib Firew , Lule Dagnachew , Bekeko Zelalem , Girma Gezahegn , Tirfessa Alemu , Ayana Getachew , Mengiste Tesfaye 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Environmental changes pose major impacts on the performance of genotype with important implications for crop improvement strategies. Hence, breeders pay attention to the effects of GxE interaction (GEI) for exploitation of genetic resources. Twenty sorghum genotypes selected from a large collection of Ethiopian sorghum landraces and two improved varieties were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications at eight locations representing different environmental conditions in Ethiopia. The study aimed at assessing GEI and identifying stable and high-yielding genotypes of sorghum for grain yield and performance for major agronomic traits. Analysis of variance and additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) revealed highly significant (P<0.001) variance due to genotypes, environments, and GEI among all traits except for days to maturity. Plant height, days to maturity, panicle width, panicle weight, and grain yield were highly affected by environments and GEI while days to flowering, panicle length, and thousand-grain weight were mainly affected by genotypic variations. The data also indicated the importance of considering GEI in the identification of high-yielding and stable sorghum genotypes across environments. Among testing sites, Chawaka, Gute, and Uke were ideal environments for grain yield and Asosa was the most discriminative environment. Three genotypes (ETSL100808, Merera, and ETSL100474) were superior and stable across test environments for grain yield and related traits. Overall, based on mean grain yield and disease reaction; AMMI, GGE biplot, and regression models, ETSL100808 was the most stable, high-yielding, and disease-tolerant sorghum genotype suggesting its potential both in the breeding program as donors of traits and for direct release as a variety.
The weakening of the tropical circulation is caused by the lifting of the tropopause height
Authors: Fan Chen-Shuo , Dommenget Dietmar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study we analyse the physical processes causing the weakening of the tropical circulation in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6). We apply a diagnostic model for the large-scale tropical circulation (vertical motion) based on the moist static energy for the first baroclinic mode (MSEB) and evaluate the sensitivity of the tropical circulation changes to the changes in advection of moisture and heat, the net radiation, the moist static stability, the baroclinic mode to the height of the tropopause. Based on the CMIP6 model simulations we find that the tropical circulation weakens by about 10%-15% over the 21st century. The analysis of the MSEB model suggests that the primary cause for this weakening of the tropical circulation is the lifting of the tropopause height. This effect is fairly uniform throughout the tropics and present in all model simulations. The tropopause height increase shifts the first baroclinic mode away from lower levels with unstable air masses into high levels of the troposphere where stable air masses lead to a stabilisation of the large-scale circulation. Other factors such as changes in the advection of moisture and heat, increased net heating or increased instability of the lower tropospheric gross moist stability do have strong regional differences, and mostly increase tropical circulations, counteracting the weakening caused by the lifting of the tropopause.
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 13 attenuated endothelial cell ferroptosis by the AMPK/KLF4 pathway
Authors: Du Jie , Wu Jianjun , Zhang Youqi , Liu Qi , Huang Xingtao , Wang Xuedong , Yang Fan , Hou Jingbo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 13 (CTRP13) preserves endothelial function and possesses anti-oxidation activity. However, its effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) ferroptosis remain unclear.
Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to evaluate cell viability. LDH assay and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were performed to evaluate the cell membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation. Mito-Tracker, JC-1, and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein di-acetate (DCFH-DA) were used to evaluate the biological activity of mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelial cells. The ferroptosis indicator expressions, SLC7A11, GPX4, and ACSL4, were examined using real-time PCR and western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect GPX4 location in endothelial cells.
Results: This study identified a novel anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of CTRP13 inhibiting HUVECs ferroptosis by activating AMPK/KLF4 pathway. The cellular and database levels demonstrated that CTRP13 increased AMPK phosphorylation with subsequent restoration of the elevated KLF4.
Conclusion: These findings provided reliable data on the underlying mechanism of a newly identified adipokine to protect against atherosclerosis.