bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deploying the Red Cross Red Crescent Health Information System (RCHIS) into a Type-One Fixed EMT: How the Use of a Custom Built Application for Electronic Medical Records and Data Reporting Improves Patient Care and Mandatory Reporting.
Authors: Clarke Lauren , Holl Felix , Raffort Thomas , Serres Elvire 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:RCHIS is an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and Health Information System (HIS) that has been purpose-built for use by Red Cross Red Crescent (RCRC) Emergency Response Units (ERUs), which are the equivalent of Type 1 (fixed and mobile) and Type 2 facilities in the Emergency Medical Teams (EMT) classification.Method:A three day in-person super user training was held with 13 participants: 9 first aid volunteers, 2 nurses and 2 medical doctors. Seven of the delegates had experience using an EMR. These super users served as trainers for staff at the pilot.The pilot occurred with the Portuguese Red Cross (PRC) for the Peregrinação de Fátima, where 200,000 people were in attendance. The PRC was part of a wider coordination cell with the civil defense authority, who required live reporting from the three Type 1 fixed clinics PRC had set up.Results:In total there were 77 user accounts, of which, 243 patients were consulted with and either discharged or referred throughout the four day pilot.The delegates shared feedback directly and through a survey. 88% stated that RCHIS was ‘very easy’ to use with the majority of delegates requiring less than 20 minutes of training to be using the application and inputting patient data related to their user role. Additionally, after their training 95% of delegates stated they had sufficient training to use RCHIS to its full extent. Informal feedback from delegates was hugely positive, indicating that it was improving patient care and also continuity of care when a patient returned the next day.The civil defense authorities were able to utilize the real-time reporting to assist in their operational response. The application was well received by the wider civil defense authority.Conclusion:The first RCHIS pilot was very successful from both a technical and organizational perspective.
The Critical Role of Nurses and Midwives in Disasters
Authors: Wong Diana , Hutton Alison , Ledger Kate , Lommerse Louise , Ruler Amanda 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:The critical role that nurses and midwives undertake during disasters has received significant attention in recent years. Nurses globally have faced multiple disasters, often occurring within months of each other and even overlapping. Within the past decade, on a global scale, nurses and midwives have experienced two Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC) (SARS-CoV-2 and Monkeypox), the devastating and ongoing conflict in Ukraine and an unprecedented number of international natural hazards that have impacted them personally and professionally.Method:A discussion with frontline nurses and midwives provided insight into the challenges of delivering health care during disasters.Results:The results revealed that while there is some information available about disaster care and the role nurses play, there is minimal information about how nurses and midwives are personally affected by disasters impacting their own communities. Disaster nursing is a relatively new area of health care practice and is rarely taught at an undergraduate or workplace level.Three opportunities for improving/acknowledging the critical role of nurses and midwives during disasters include:
1)Acknowledging that the involvement of nurses and midwives is critical to any disaster response2)Promoting the importance of a nursing voice within the emergency management sector3)Structural reforms be urgently adopted to address workforce sustainability including addressing gender inequality4)These three approaches form only a part of the reform required to address the key roles that nurses and midwives perform during disasters.Conclusion:The ongoing pandemic has placed severe stress on an already overstretched nursing workforce, now is the right time to empower and support our nurses. In all aspects of emergency and disaster management nurses and midwives are at the frontline. Greater acknowledgement of the value nurses bring and the sacrifices they make in serving their communities will strengthen nurses’ commitment and resolve in tackling future crises.
The Enhanced Emergency Response Plan for Augmented Quarantine Hotels During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wang Wei-Te , Lin Chung-Yi , Chang Yu-Tung , Hsiau Ya-Wen 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:During the COVID-19 outbreak in May 2021, Taipei City has transformed many vacant hotels to augmented quarantine hotels, recruiting retired medical staff to provide medical care, in order to preserve hospitals’ medical capabilities. In an augmented quarantine hotel at Caesar Park Hotel Taipei, the complexity of COVID quarantine, quarantine status of the residents, and hotel staff working with medical staff has made the original emergency response plan inappropriate. Henceforth, a series of modifications were made to ensure the emergency response readiness of Caesar Park Hotel Taipei.Method:The enhancements of emergency response capability of the augmented quarantine hotel at the Caesar Park Hotel Taipei, were made in accordance with the following list: 1. Revise evacuation plan, 2. Setup emergency equipment cart, 3. Modify emergency response procedure, 4. Update staff training and resident notice, 5. Routine stock count of medical supplies and emergency equipment.Results:The enhanced emergency response plan has ensured the safety of all personnel, plans were made in accordance with the COVID-19 quarantine status, and the staff has a clear perception of their duty with a picture of the overall emergency response plan.Conclusion:The enhanced emergency response plan was completed and under implementation in June 2021, and at the end of that month there was a fire that took four lives with 22 injured at a quarantine hotel in Changhua County. A review of the enhanced emergency response plan was made by the staff and corresponding hospital; many problems that happened at the Chunghua County quarantine hotel fire had already been considered or prevented in the enhanced emergency response plan. Such a method for building an enhanced emergency response plan has the potential to be implemented in more locations, and possibly in different scenarios.
Advancing Knowledge Translations to Contribute to Resilience in Emergency Preparedness, Response and Recovery: The Role of Evidence Aid
Authors: Clarke Mike , Allen Claire , Camacho Alex , Copsey Jane , Cuervo Luis Gabriel , Khalid Firas , Lim Jiewon , Mansilla Cristián , McHugh Jane , Pizarro Ana , Saeed Yasmeen 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Policymakers, practitioners and the public all have a role in health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM). They need to access, understand and use evidence from research to take actions to reduce health risks and harm. They need the best available evidence to maximize their ability to save lives and reduce suffering. Evidence Aid seeks to meet this need through collections of specially prepared plain-language summaries of systematic reviews, freely available online in multiple languages (www.EvidenceAid.org). The summaries and webpages can be linked to reference management software and embedded in other websites.Method:Evidence Aid has added a substantial number of summaries to its collections since 2020, for example, adding a collection for reviews of relevance to the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated measures. From 2021, Evidence Aid built on its partnership with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) to identify and summarize reviews relevant to building resilience into health systems. This included enhancements enriching the content of each summary with the authors’ implications for practice and research, equity considerations and funding sources.Results:In November 2022, the Resilient Health Systems collection contained more than 200 summaries relevant to ensuring that health systems are resilient to emergencies, disasters and related challenges. There were also 600 summaries relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic, 150 on the health of refugees and asylum seekers, more than 100 on physical and mental health impacts of disasters and 110 on preventing and treating acute malnutrition.Conclusion:Evidence Aid’s 1000+ summaries of systematic reviews relevant to Health EDRM provide a unique gateway into this evidence base for policymakers, practitioners and the public wishing to ensure that disaster preparedness, response, recovery and rehabilitation are effective and efficient. It should be a key component in helping people and organizations to care, cope and overcome in an increasingly challenging world.
NGO-led Disaster Response Through the Use of Interdisciplinary Teams
Authors: Inaba Mototaka , Sakata Taizo , Nishikura Tetsuji 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Japan is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. The government has traditionally taken the lead during disaster responses, but now NGOs have begun to play an active role in disaster response. Peace Winds Japan (PWJ), is the first Japanese NGOs to utilize medical teams, search-and-rescue dogs, and disaster response in conjunction with one another. The presentation will be focused on operations and lessons learned.Method:Initially, the NGO only supported disaster-affected areas, both domestic and abroad, by providing relief supplies. However, in 2010 they began training rescue dogs to perform life-saving search-and-rescue operations immediately after sudden onset disasters. In 2014 NGO dispatched rescue dogs and a disaster response team for the first time at the Hiroshima landslide disaster. A medical team was added in 2018, and since then has sent out teams to ten other disaster sites, including West Japan Flood in 2018 and Ukraine Crisis as an international EMT in 2022.Results:One of the strengths of the organization is the ability to respond quickly by using aviation and maritime transport. They operate two helicopters and one vessel and can promptly and effectively transport patients and resources. Eight critical patients were transported from the hospital by helicopter during the West Japan Flood.Conclusion:Furthermore, joint rescue drills were conducted with both public and private organizations, and continue to seek ways for collaboration and cooperation in disaster settings.
Assessment of Statewide Communication Interoperability Plans (SCIP) Across the United States Using the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Interoperability Markers
Authors: Alshemeili Ahmed , Hertelendy Attila , Hart Alexander , Alburaidi Abdulaziz , Benmoussa Gabriel , DiGregorio David , Caneva Duane , Issa Fadi , Voskanyan Amalia , Ciottone Gregory 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:The complexity of disaster management is rising because of rapidly advancing technological changes and the challenges associated with coordinating responses among multi-organizational contexts. One of the common problems with multi-organizational disaster management is the need for an interoperability language. Therefore, by maintaining effective communication, risk can be reduced, and lives can be saved in times of crisis. The United States SCIPs represent one of the solutions used to achieve a culture of better interoperability. In 2019, The National Council of Statewide Interoperability Coordinators (NCSWIC) and CISA collaborated to create a tool that identified 25 Interoperability Markers. This tool is integrated with SCIPs to increase interoperability and serves as a national framework to describe interoperability maturity at the state levels.Method:This is a descriptive study documenting each state's 25 interoperability markers and analyzing common gaps and successes. Two methods were used for collecting data. First, an online search for each state's SCIP. Then, an email was sent to all state's Statewide Interoperability Coordinators (SWIC) to request the most recent update of that state’s SCIP. Data were collected from October 1-31, 2022 and exported into an Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft Corp; Redmond, Washington, USA) for descriptive statistics and analysis.Results:The level of interoperability maturity across the United States is 66%. The governance level in the interoperability continuum scored the highest across states with 76.4%. While the other levels of the interoperability continuum like technology, training and exercise, and interstate emergency communication scored 63.5%, 64%, and 60% respectively.Conclusion:This study identifies a high level of interoperability maturity across the United States at the governance level. It is essential to continue to improve interstate interoperability through compatible technological solutions and multi-agency training. Finally, further research on interoperability markers is needed to enhance multi-agency emergency response.
Region V for Kids: A Pediatric Center of Disaster Excellence–Four years of Experience Creating an Improved Network Within the Disaster Cycle for Children and Families in the USA
Authors: Grove Deanna Dahl 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Region V for kids (originally known as Eastern Great Lakes Consortium for Disaster Response ) is one of the US-ASPR (Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response) funded Pediatric Center of Disaster Excellence (PCOE), serving nearly 12 million children and families in a six state region of the United States.Method:The original goals set forth were: to develop a coordinated pediatric disaster care capability, strengthen pediatric disaster preparedness plans and coordination, enhance state and regional medical pediatric surge capacity, increase healthcare professional educational competency and enhance situational awareness of pediatric disaster care across the spectrum.Results:The COVID-19 pandemic occurred shortly after original funding and caused a pivot from preparation to response for the partners, enhancing the collaboration and coordination for the region. The many lessons from the COVID response have been important to creating more partnerships with federal agencies around situational awareness and considering social and physical determinants of health that effect children and families. The partnerships with state agencies and other key stakeholders have been valuable to close the gaps in the pediatric/family disaster cycle. There has been a multitude of tools and products that have been created and disseminated from this PCOE, including educational tools, behavioral health training and tools, virtual exercises and quality improvement projects. The best practices and ongoing projects highlight how to improve coordinated care for children and families within a region and is an example for the United States and beyond. There are also challenges to coordinated preparedness due to jurisdictional barriers and these are as important to highlight and create mitigation strategies.Conclusion:This US supported PCOE is an example of a regional disaster coordination to mitigate and prepare for response concentrating on the needs of children and families in the larger disaster cycle.
Pediatric Disaster Science: Pediatric Specific Considerations, A Global Imperative, A WADEM Opportunity
Authors: Weiner Debra , Newton Christopher , Peek Lori , Upperman Jeffery , Dixon Cinnamon 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Pediatric disaster science is critical to provide data and discovery to guide evidence-based preparedness, response, mitigation and recovery to best serve children, families and society. With the increasing frequency, severity and global scope of disasters, there is now an unprecedented imperative and opportunity to build a sustained pediatric disaster science workforce and infrastructure. The expertise, perspective and collaboration of the international, multidisciplinary community, including WADEM members, is integral to supporting effective, efficient, ethical, high quality pediatric disaster science and its implementation.Method:A landmark Pediatric Disaster Science Symposium was convened in-person/virtually by the US National Academies of Science Engineering and Medicine in August 2022. Forty-eight pediatric disaster focused invited speakers, collectively representing government, non-governmental organizations, academia and community attended, and online. Attendees were polled during the two-day meeting to assign priority ratings to the topics discussed.Results:Symposium topics included the importance, history and scope of pediatric disaster science, and research across the disaster management cycle. Research considerations specific to children included medical and psychosocial vulnerabilities and manifestations; ethics and protections; protocol development and deployment; research tools; and data collection/integration. Scientific methodology topics addressed pediatric considerations for basic science, surveillance, clinical trials, applied sciences, community-engaged research, dissemination and implementation. Infrastructure needs described leveraging disaster centers, research networks, disaster response teams, government agencies and professional societies integratively across disciplines. Building a sustainable workforce, including training and engaging pediatric scientists with disaster-focused/disaster-relevant research, funding streams, regulation and advocacy were also discussed. Research priority ratings yielded preliminary data to inform pediatric disaster science priorities.Conclusion:The meeting provided insights that can further guide discussions among global disaster experts and scientists, including WADEM members, to prioritize, build and scale sustainable pediatric disaster science that yields evidence-based strategies, plans, resources, and actions that improve disaster preparedness, response, mitigation, and recovery for children, families and societies worldwide.
Pediatric Casualties in Terrorist Attacks: A Semi-Quantitative Analysis of Global Events through the Lens of Counter-Terrorism Medicine
Authors: Cahan Lea Ohana Sarna , Tin Derrick , Markovic Vesna , Ciottone Robert , Issa Fadi , Kane Ashley , Hart Alexander , Weiner Debra , Ciottone Gregory 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Terrorism remains a major threat and concern in many countries around the world. Children represent approximately 30% of the world population and in the event of a terrorist attack can either be primary targets, to include the possibility of abduction, or unintended victims. Children are unique in their vulnerabilities and therefore, require special consideration.Method:This study is a semi-quantitative epidemiological analysis of all terrorism-related pediatric fatalities and injuries sustained between 1970-2019. Data collection was performed using a retrospective database search through the Global Terrorism Database (GTD). Summaries of events including search terms associated with children were individually reviewed and those describing the deaths, injuries, or abduction of children were tallied.Results:Of the over 200,000 terror events, 2,302 events met inclusion criteria. This represented 1.14% of total events which involved death, injury, or abduction of children. Of 2,032 events a total of 2,275 pediatric fatal injuries (FI) were recorded, as well as 2,280 pediatric non-fatal injuries (NFI). The most common weapons used in all attacks involving the pediatric population were explosives (1539[66.8%]), firearms (543 [23.5%]), other (169 [7.3%]) and melee (83 [3.6%]). 275 of the 2,032 were related to abductions, with 71 cases involving the abduction of ten children or more.Conclusion:Pediatric casualties in terrorist events represent a small proportion of overall victims, however, they have unique vulnerabilities, and when directly impacted by terrorism, can have long term physical and psychosocial sequelae, as well as a devastating emotional impact on the community.
“Provide Them What They Need Until the Last Minute”: Experiences of Palliative Care and Palliative Care Needs in Humanitarian Crises
Authors: Schwartz Lisa , Hunt Matthew , Nouvet Elysee , Laat Sonya de , Yantzi Rachel , Wahoush Olive , Khater Wejdan , Rwililiza Emmanuel Musoni , Abu-Siam Ibraheem , Wallace Corinne Schuster 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Access to palliative care, and more specifically the alleviation of avoidable physical and psychosocial suffering is increasingly recognized as necessary in humanitarian response. Palliative approaches to care can meet the needs of patients for whom curative treatment may not be the aim, not just at the very end of life but also more broadly. Humanitarian organizations and sectoral initiatives have taken steps to develop guidance and policies to support integration of palliative care. However, it is still sometimes regarded as unfeasible or aspirational in crisis contexts; particularly where care for persons with life threatening conditions or injuries is logistically, legally, and ethically challenging. We present a synthesis of findings from five qualitative sub-studies within a R2HC-funded research program on palliative care provision in humanitarian crises that sought to better understand the ethical and practical dimensions of humanitarian organizations integrating palliative care into emergency responses.Method:A multi-disciplinary, multi-national team conducted an exploratory mixed-methods study and presented findings from semi-structured interviews with international and local health care providers, patients, and families that explored experiences of palliative care in different humanitarian responses: protracted refugee crisis (Rwanda n=17), acute refugee crises (Jordan and Bangladesh n=20), a public health emergency (Guinea n=16), and natural disasters (various countries n =17)Results:Four themes emerged from descriptions of the struggles and successes of applying palliative care in humanitarian settings: 1) justification and integration of palliative care into humanitarian response, 2) contextualizing palliative care approaches to crisis settings, 3) the importance of being attentive to the ‘situatedness of dying’, and 4) the need for retaining a holistic approach to care. The findings are discussed relation to the ideals embraced in palliative care and corresponding humanitarian values.Conclusion:Though challenging, palliative care in humanitarian response is essential for responding to avoidable pain and suffering consistent with humanitarian principles.