bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fronto-temporal cortical grey matter thickness and surface area in the at-risk mental state and first-episode schizophrenia: A magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Rasser Paul E. , Ehlkes Tim , Consortium MinT , Schall Ulrich 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies to date examining cortical thickness and surface area in young individuals At Risk Mental State (ARMS) of developing psychosis have revealed inconsistent findings, either reporting increased, decreased or no differences compared to mentally healthy individuals. The inconsistencies may be attributed to small sample sizes, varying age ranges, different ARMS identification criteria, lack of control for recreational substance use and antipsychotic pharmacotherapy, as well as different methods for deriving morphological brain measures.
Methods
A surfaced-based approach was employed to calculate fronto-temporal cortical grey matter thickness and surface area derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data collected from 44 young antipsychotic-naïve ARMS individuals, 19 young people with first-episode schizophrenia, and 36 age-matched healthy volunteers. We conducted group comparisons of the morphological measures and explored their association with symptom severity, global and socio-occupational function levels, and the degree of alcohol and cannabis use in the ARMS group.
Results
Grey matter thickness and surface areas in ARMS individuals did not significantly differ from their age-matched healthy counterparts. However, reduced left-frontal grey matter thickness was correlated with greater symptom severity and lower function levels; the latter being also correlated with smaller left-frontal surface areas. ARMS individuals with more severe symptoms showed greater similarities to the first-episode schizophrenia group. The morphological measures in ARMS did not correlate with the level of alcohol or cannabis use.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that a decline in function levels and worsening mental state are associated with morphological changes in the left frontal cortex in ARMS but to a lesser extent than those seen in first-episode schizophrenia. Alcohol and cannabis use did not confound these findings. However, the cross-sectional nature of our study limits our ability to draw conclusions about the potential progressive nature of these morphological changes in ARMS.
The effectiveness of theory-based smoking cessation interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: Han Mengjing , Fu Yingping , Ji Quanyue , Deng Xiaoli , Fang Xuewen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background Smoking cessation can effectively reduce the risk of death, alleviate respiratory symptoms, and decrease the frequency of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Effective smoking cessation strategies are crucial for the prevention and treatment of COPD. Currently, clinical interventions based on theoretical frameworks are being increasingly used to help patients quit smoking and have shown promising results. However, theory-guided smoking cessation interventions have not been systematically evaluated or meta-analyzed for their effectiveness in COPD patients. In order to improve smoking cessation rates, this study sought to examine the effects of theory-based smoking cessation interventions on COPD patients. Methods Our research adopted a meta-analysis design. Two researchers conducted a search and evaluation of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria. The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Information Services Platform, and China Biomedical Literature Service System were among the databases that were searched. The retrieval deadline for this search is from the establishment of the database up until April 20, 2023. Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 3,830 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that theory-based smoking cessation interventions improved smoking cessation rates, quality of life, and lung function in COPD patients compared to conventional nursing. However, these interventions did not significantly affect the level of nicotine dependence in patients. Conclusion Theory-based smoking cessation intervention as a non-pharmacologically assisted smoking cessation strategy has a positive impact on motivating COPD patients to quit smoking and improving their lung function and quality of life.
High-intensity acute exercise impacts motor learning in healthy older adults
Authors: Coxon James , Taylor Eleanor , Cadwallader Claire , Curtin Dylan , Chong Trevor , Hendrikse Joshua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with a decline in motor sequence learning. Acute cardiorespiratory exercise has emerged as a potential intervention to improve motor learning, however research in healthy older adults is limited. The current study investigated the impact of high-intensity interval exercise on a subsequent sequential motor learning task. Twenty-four older adults (aged 55–75 years) completed either 20-minutes of cycling, or an equivalent period of active rest before practicing a sequential force grip task. Skill learning was assessed during acquisition and at a 6-hour retention test. In contrast to expectation, exercise was associated with reduced accuracy during skill acquisition compared to rest, particularly for older participants. However, improvements in motor skill were retained in the exercise condition, while a reduction in skill was observed following rest. Our findings suggest the impact of high intensity exercise on motor performance varies depending on age. Importantly, our findings indicate that high-intensity exercise can facilitate early offline consolidation of a novel skill in older adults which may have implications for motor rehabilitation.
Different characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment among subtypes of salivary gland cancer
Authors: Nagatani Yoshiaki , Kiyota Naomi , Imamura Yoshinori , Koyama Taiji , Funakoshi Yohei , Komatsu Masato , Itoh Tomoo , Teshima Masanori , Nibu Ken-Ichi , Sakai Kazuko , Nishio Kazuto , Shimomura Manami , Nakatsura Tetsuya , Ikarashi Daiki , Nakayama Takayuki , Kitano Shigehisa , Minami Hironobu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) for salivary grand cancer (SGC) have been investigated in clinical trials, details of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remain unclear. This research aimed to elucidate the TIME of SGC and its relationship with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and to explore the rationale for the applicability of ICPi. We selected five pathological types, namely adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC); adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (ANOS); salivary duct carcinoma (SDC); and low/high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEClow/high). We investigated the TIME and TMB of each pathological type. TIME was evaluated by multiplexed fluorescent immunohistochemistry. TMB was measured by next-generation sequencing. ACC and MEChigh showed the lowest and higher infiltration of immune effector and suppressor cells in both tumor and stroma. ANOS, SDC, and MEClow showed modest infiltration of immune effector cells in tumor. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between CD3+CD8+ T cells in tumor and TMB (r = 0.647). CD3+CD8+ T cells in tumor showed a positive correlation with PD-L1 expression in tumor cells (r = 0.513) and a weak positive correlation with CD3+CD4+Foxp3+ cells in tumor (r = 0.399). However, no correlation was observed between CD3+CD8+ T cells and CD204+ cells in tumor (r = -0.049). The TIME of ACC was the so-called immune desert type, which may explain the mechanisms of the poor response to ICPi in previous clinical trials. On the other hand, MEChigh was the immune inflamed type, and this may support the rationale of ICPi for this pathological subtype.
Feelings of loneliness and meaning in life in subjects with Asperger's syndrome
Authors: Sipowicz Kasper , Pietras Tadeusz , Kosmalski Marcin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Subjects with Asperger's syndrome without intellectual disabilities have significant difficulties in establishing social relationships despite their IQ being within the normal range. One of the effects of social deficit is depression. The question arises whether loneliness and dimensions of meaning in life correlate with the severity of depression and whether the average severity of depression, loneliness and dimensions of meaning in life differentiate the following groups: people with Asperger's syndrome and depression, people with Asperger's syndrome without depression, people with depression without Asperger's syndrome and healthy subjects.
Material & Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 170 people, including: 43 people with Asperger's syndrome and depression, 41 people with Asperger's syndrome without depression, 40 people with depression without Asperger's syndrome and 46 healthy people (without Asperger's syndrome and without depression). All were administered a demographic survey, Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS), Life Attitude Profile-Revised (LAP-R). Asperger's syndrome and depressive episodes were diagnosed on the basis of ICD-10 research criteria still applicable in Poland.
Results:In the group with Asperger's syndrome and depression the highest levels of loneliness and the lowest values of the dimensions of the sense of meaning in life, except for the acceptance of death, were observed. This result was significantly different from the results obtained in the other study groups. Both in people with Asperger's syndrome without depression and in people with depression without Asperger's syndrome, the values of the dimensions of the sense of meaning in life and the level of loneliness differ significantly from the results obtained in the control group. The BDI-II scores correlated positively with the loneliness values and negatively with the sense of meaning in life values in all groups.
Discussion: The results indicate that both suffering from depression and having Asperger's syndrome are associated with an increased sense of loneliness and a reduced sense of meaning in life. People with Asperger's syndrome and depression have the highest values of loneliness and the lowest values of dimensions of the sense of meaning of life compared to the other groups studied. The limitation of the work is the deliberate selection of groups, because it would be interesting to answer the question whether Asperger's syndrome is a risk factor for depression in the population.
Effective triclosan removal by using porous aromatic frameworks in continuous fixed-bed column studies
Authors: Li Ye , Gong Fuxin , Yang Wu , Liu Bingxin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) has been regarded as an emerging contaminant in aquatic systems, so its efficient removal holds great significance. In this study, NPVMo@iPAF-1, with specific surface area of 665 m2/g, prepared by incorporating (NH4)5H6PV8Mo4O40 into porous aromatic frameworks (PAF) was obtained. And fixed-bed columns packed with NPVMo@iPAF-1 were employed for TCS removal. The experiment data strongly correlated with the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models under different operation conditions. The pore preservation, electrostatic effect and the synergistic effect of π-π interaction contributed to the effective adsorption of TCS onto NPVMo@iPAF-1. The NPVMo@iPAF-1 fixed-bed column could be effectively regenerated by in-situ ozonation for more than 10 regeneration cycles. NPVMo@iPAF-1 turned out to be a promising adsorbent for removing TCS not only from pure water but also from reclaimed water and surface water samples.
Tuning of centrifugal pendulum vibration absorbers operating in a fluid
Authors: Shaw Steven W. , Bahadori Reza 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The linear and nonlinear tuning of centrifugal pendulum vibration absorbers operating in a fluid is addressed. These devices are used to reduced engine order torsional vibrations in rotating machinery. They are frequently housed in a rotating enclosure filled with a fluid, an important example of which is the automotive torque converter. The pressure field in the rotating fluid generates an effective buoyancy on the pendulum mass, thereby affecting its oscillation frequency. This effect is well known for simple pendulums operating in a static fluid under gravity, and is herein generalized to the case of a finite-sized centrifugal pendulum operating in a rotating fluid. A sample shape for the pendulum absorber is considered in detail, showing how the the expected results from a simple, small volume absorber can be generalized to account for more realistic geometries. The main results provide a convenient method for tuning the linear and nonlinear dynamics of the pendulum motion to account for the effects of the surrounding fluid. It is also shown that ignoring the fluid effect can lead to ineffective, and even catastrophic, operation of the pendulum absorber.
Sick sinus syndrome diagnosed after a sinus arrest during treatment for zygomatic fracture: a case report
Authors: Hayashi Hiroki , Abe Atsushi , Oguma Tetsushi , Ito Yu , Nakayama Atsushi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Intraoperative sinus arrest is rarely seen during zygomatic fracture treatment. The patient was diagnosed with sick sinus syndrome based on repeated postoperative sinus arrest, which could have resulted in death if diagnosed late, making this case very significant to report.
Case presentation
Sick sinus syndrome is caused by damage to the sinoatrial node or surrounding tissue, and is an arrhythmia associated with reduced automaticity of the sinoatrial node or impaired sinoatrial node conduction. We report the case of a 67-year-old man diagnosed with the syndrome after a sinus arrest that occurred during a zygomatic fracture treatment. The patient had cheek pain and mouth opening disorder, dizziness after fainting and sustaining a facial injury. Preoperative examination determined that the syncope was due to drug-induced arrhythmia, and surgery was authorized after drug withdrawal. Sinus arrest occurred during and after cheek bone open reduction. During the operation, sinus arrest was observed due to trigeminal vagal reflex, and heart rate was restarted by stopping the operation and chest compressions. After the surgery, the patient showed symptoms of dizziness and palpitations, and sinus arrest following atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia, which was diagnosed as sick sinus syndrome, and a pacemaker was implanted. Currently, 8 years have passed since the surgery, and there are no symptoms of mouth opening disorder, dizziness, or palpitations.
Conclusions
The patient developed sinus arrest during treatment of a zygomatic fracture and was diagnosed as having sinus failure syndrome. In cases of cardiogenic syncope with injuries to the maxillofacial region, the cause of syncope should be thoroughly investigated to avoid complications due to abnormalities of the circulatory system.
Linking replication stress with replication dynamics in Vicia faba root meristem cells
Authors: Musiałek Marcelina W. , Rybaczek Dorota 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
DNA replication faces many challenges, both internally and externally, generally described as factors that induce replication stress. In this article, we describe how prolonged replication stress affects the dynamics of replication and fork activity in V. faba root meristem cells. V. faba seems to have a highly effective stress response system that includes a reaction to replication stress. We used 2.5 mM hydroxyurea (HU) for prolonged stress induction (32 hours) and measured changes in replication and fork activity after initial stress induction, prolonged exposure and after regeneration time in water. We also induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) as a reference, to compare cells that express valid ATR/Chk1 S-phase checkpoint with cells that lack ATR functions. Our results included general changes in replication activity, obtained with 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling as well as an extended analysis of replication fork progression facilitated by double-labeling with EdU and 5-iodo-2’-deoxyuridine (IdU) which we found to be an appealing alternative to commonly used labeling with 5-chloro-2’-deoxyuridine (CldU) and IdU. A preliminary analysis of minichromo-some maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2), a subunit of minichromosome maintenance protein complex (MCM), were shown. We were able to pinpoint a mechanism that may contribute to the replication stress resistance of V. faba cells the most. We have also demonstrated that it is not only cells with ATR malfunctions where heterochromatin areas are extensively affected by replication stress.
NF-κB target TFAM to modulate mtDNA copies involved in lung injury of mice induced by radon
Authors: Xu Chenlan , Pei Weiwei , Jiang Huihui , Cui Yangchen , Liu Shiyi , Zhang Qi , Zhang Shuyu , Yang Zhao , Jiao Yang , Nie Jihua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Radon is the second causative agent of lung cancer after cigarette smoke, it has been identified as a class I carcinogen. However, the exact mechanism of lung cancer caused by radon is still unclear. To examine the underlying mechanism of radon-induced lung injury, a combination of dose- and time-dependent toxic effects in vivo and vitro, NF-κB/TFAM/mtDNA pathway was employed. Radon-induced toxicity occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manners and was characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, the alveolar septum thickened and the alveolar wall ruptured, moreover, TFAM, NF-κB p65, COXⅡ, ROS and mtDNA signaling pathways were the vital steps in radon-induced pulmonary toxicity. Finally, mitochondrial was identified as a potential target organelle for the further explore of radon-induced lung cancer.
Internationalization of Medical Education in China: A Case Study of Policy and Practice in University Staff and Faculty Members’ Outward Mobility
Authors: Jiang Qin , Sun Hong , Li Yuandong , Liu Shuang , Wang Linlin , Liu Shenjun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Due to the impact of globalization, especially in the light of COVID-19 pandemic, internationalization of medical education is critical. As the key agent in the progress of higher education internationalization, university staff and faculty members were understudied. This study aims to investigate internationalization of medical university staff and faculty member with a longitudinal quantitative study on their outward mobility.Methods The subject of this study was a cohort of university staff and faculty members who went mobile during their employment. The number of participation in overseas activity is the index to the character of mobility. Descriptive statistics was applied using Microsoft Excel. Certain variables were considered: the ratio of outward staff to the population, purpose of mobility, time length of overseas stay and destinations. Data were classified and summarized, calculations were made by percentage.Results Although there was a rising tendency of international involvement among university staff, a considerably large proportion was disengaged from cross-border activities. For those with outward mobility experiences, there might be a lack of individual willingness for internationalization. While being mobile, most of them were research focused, less attention was paid in either teaching or service. Administrative staff and laboratory staff did not receive the requisite level of training for adaptation to internationalization.Conclusions This is the first study describing the outward mobility of university staff and faculty members with longitudinal quantitative research method in Internationalisation of Higher Education and Internationalisation of Medical Education, complementing the literature with a Chinese format. Although this study was conducted in medical context, the findings resonate with those in Internationalisation of Higher Education literature. In future endeavors, more emphasis are recommended to shift toward internationalization for all members, integrating the different dimensions of internationalization.
A Multimodal Machine Learning Model for Predicting Dementia Conversion in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lee Min-Woo , Kim Hye Weon , Choe Yeong Sim , Yang Hyeon Sik , Lee Ji Yeon , Lee Hyunji , Yong Jung Hyeon , Kim Donghyeon , Lee Minho , Kang Dong Woo , Jeon So Yeon , Son Sang Joon , Lee Young-Min , Kim Hyug-Gi , Kim Regina E.Y. , Lim Hyun Kook 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for 60–70% of the population with dementia. Despite the integration of MRI and PET in AD clinics and research, there is a lack of validated models for predicting dementia conversion from MCI. Thus, we aimed to investigate and validate a machine learning model to predict this. A total of 196 subjects were enrolled from four hospitals and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset. Volumes of the ROI, white matter hyperintensity, and regional SUVR were analyzed using T1, T2-FLAIR MRIs, and amyloid PET (αPET), along with automatically provided hippocampal occupancy scores and Fazekas scales. Compared with the GBM model trained solely on demographics, AUC of the cross-validation models incorporating T1 image features (pBonferroni=0.03) and T1 and αPET image features (pBonferroni<0.001). The two cross-validated models (pBonferroni=0.08) did not differ significantly in their predictive measures. After performing the inference, the model combining T1 and αPET image features exhibited the highest AUC (0.875), which was comparable to that of the model using only T1 image features (0.835). Our machine learning model utilizing Solitaire T1 MRI features shows promising predictive value for dementia conversion within a 4-year timeframe, making it applicable in circumstances where αPET is unavailable.
Effects of environmental factors and intraspecific niche overlap on the body and ecological characteristics of red-tongued pit vipers (Gloydius ussuriensis)
Authors: Do Min Seock , Son Seok-Jun , Jung Ji-Hwa , Lee Sang-Cheol , Choi Green , Nam Hyung-Kyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The body condition of a snake species provides important physiological, morphological, and ecological information that elucidates its habits, life cycle, and competitive relationships. We measured the body size and condition of the wild Gloydius ussuriensis population in South Korea from 2018 to 2022, analyzed the degree of intraspecific niche overlap, and identified the geographic and climatic factors affecting their body condition. We found that the females were longer than the males. The body condition index (BCI) of G. ussuriensis differed depending on sex and season; the BCI of the females and males was highest in August and October, respectively. Environmental factors related to altitude and temperature affected the body condition of G. ussuriensis; BCI increased as the mean annual temperature and winter temperature increased; however, it increased when the annual temperature range decreased. The mean Pinaka index was 0.96, indicating a high degree of niche overlap; however, the niche overlap among the neonates was less than that among the adults and juveniles. To elucidate the causes of niche overlap and mechanisms behind the intraspecific competition among G. ussuriensis individuals, the habitat and utilization of food resources at different development stages of G. ussuriensis should be further investigated.