bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participants’ Engagement With and Results From a Web-Based Integrative Population Mental Wellness Program (CHAMindWell) During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Program Evaluation Study
Authors: Rosansky Joseph A , Okst Kayley , Tepper Miriam C , Baumgart Schreck Ana , Fulwiler Carl , Wang Philip S , Schuman-Olivier Zev 
Published: September 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic involved a prolonged period of collective trauma and stress during which substantial increases in mental health concerns, like depression and anxiety, were observed across the population. In this context, CHAMindWell was developed as a web-based intervention to improve resilience and reduce symptom severity among a public health care system’s patient population.

Objective
This program evaluation was conducted to explore participants’ engagement with and outcomes from CHAMindWell by retrospectively examining demographic information and mental health symptom severity scores throughout program participation.

Methods
We examined participants’ symptom severity scores from repeated, web-based symptom screenings through Computerized Adaptive Testing for Mental Health (CAT-MH) surveys, and categorized participants into symptom severity-based tiers (tier 1=asymptomatic to mild; tier 2=moderate; and tier 3=severe). Participants were provided tier-based mindfulness resources, treatment recommendations, and referrals. Logistic regressions were conducted to evaluate associations between demographic variables and survey completion. The McNemar exact test and paired sample t tests were performed to evaluate changes in the numbers of participants in tier 1 versus tier 2 or 3 and changes in depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder severity scores between baseline and follow-up.

Results
The program enrolled 903 participants (664/903, 73.5% female; 556/903, 61.6% White; 113/903, 12.5% Black; 84/903, 9.3% Asian; 7/903, 0.8% Native; 36/903, 4% other; and 227/903, 25.1% Hispanic) between December 16, 2020, and March 17, 2022. Of those, 623 (69%) completed a baseline CAT-MH survey, and 196 completed at least one follow-up survey 3 to 6 months after baseline. White racial identity was associated with completing baseline CAT-MH (odds ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.14-2.84; P=.01). Participants’ odds of having symptom severity below the clinical threshold (ie, tier 1) were significantly greater at follow-up (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.40-5.08; P=.001), and significant reductions were observed across symptom domains over time.

Conclusions
CHAMindWell is associated with reduced severity of mental health symptoms. Future work should aim to address program engagement inequities and attrition and compare the impacts of CHAMindWell to a control condition to better characterize its effects.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: function, specificity, role in the diagnosis of renal dysfunction in hypertensive patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes and obesity
Authors: Dunaeva I.P. 
Published: September 2023

Background. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) belongs to the superfamily of lipocalins whose main function is the binding and transportation of hydrophobic molecules, si­derophores, as the most important ligands of NGAL. The diagnostic significance of NGAL as a marker of renal dysfunction, as well as its prognostic value in terms of the further prognosis of the course of renal pathology has now been confirmed. The purpose of the study: to determine the role of NGAL in the development of renal dysfunction in hypertensive patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Materials and methods. One hundred and eleven patients with hypertension (50 men, 61 women) aged 54.37 ± 1.18 years and 20 controls were examined. During the examination, they were divi­ded into 4 groups depending on the presence of comorbid pathology: hypertension — the first group (n = 22); hypertension combined with obesity — the second group (n = 30); hypertension combined with T2D — the third group (n = 31); hypertension, T2D and obesity — the fourth group (n = 28). In all patients, body weight and height were measured, body mass index was calculated, levels of glycated hemoglobin, lipid metabolism, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. The content of NGAL in blood serum was evaluated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. The level of NGAL in all patients included in the study was significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.01). However, it was highest in comorbidity of hypertension, T2D and obesity, which, in turn, indicates a high risk of interstitial fibrosis in these patients. A significant correlation was found between the level of NGAL and the concentration of cardiotrophin (p < 0.032), catestatin (p < 0.001), β2-microglobulin (p < 0.001), cystatin (p < 0.021), atherogenic coefficient (p < 0.011), NT-proBNP (p < 0.014), vitamin D (p < 0.004). The obtained data demonstrate the significant role of NGAL in the development of early cardiovascular and renal complications in our patients. Conclusions. A significant increase in the level of NGAL was found in patients with hypertension, hypertension with T2D, hypertension with obesity, hypertension with T2DM and obesity compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.01). A significant correlation of the NGAL level with the serum concentration of cardiotrophin, catestatin, cystatin C, β2-microglobulin, atherogenic coefficient, NT-proBNP, and vitamin D in the exami­ned patients was proved.
The glycemic profile in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes depending on diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Kotsiubiichuk Z.Ya. , Antoniv A.A. , Khukhlina O.S. 
Published: September 2023

Background. State of carbohydrate metabolism and severity of insulin resistance in the comorbid course of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is due to the cascade of possible transformation of NASH into liver cirrhosis. The purpose is to study the interaction of changes in glucose and insulin homeostasis, the degree of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, the degree of hemoglobin glycosylation on the clinical course of NASH associated with DM depending on the presence of DKD and its stage. Materials and methods. One hundred and eight patients with NASH and comorbid DM2 were examined. The average age of patients was 58.2 ± 6.1 years. There were 63 women (58.3 %) and 45 men (41.7 %). Depending on the presence of DKD, 4 groups of patients were formed, who were randomized by age, sex, activity of cytolytic syndrome. The comparison group consisted of 30 healthy individuals of the appropriate age and sex. The degree of hepatic steatosis and its nature were determined using SteatoTest, ASH and NASH-Test kits (BioPredictive, France). The stage of liver fibrosis was determined using FibroTest (BioPredictive, France), a set of markers for quantitative biochemical evaluation of fibrosis. Results. In patients with NASH, DM2 and DKD stage I–II, we found a significant decrease in serum albumin by 9.0 % (p < 0.05); glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine albumin, on the contrary, increased significantly, by 1.5 times (p < 0.05) compared to those in the control group, which indicates the phenomenon of hyperfiltration and is specific to the initial stage of DKD. When NASH is combined with DM2 and DKD stage III, a significant decrease in serum albumin by 1.2 times (p < 0.05) is reported; GFR and albuminuria were significantly increased, by 1.4 and 11.7 times (p < 0.05), respectively, compared to the control group. In patients with NASH, DM2 and DKD stage IV, we found a significant decrease in serum albumin by 1.4 times (p < 0.05), it was significantly increased by 30.2 times (p < 0.05) compared to the indicator in the control group, and the GFR, on the contrary, was significantly reduced by 1.7 times (p < 0.05), which indicates the progression of DKD. Conclusions. Disorders of glucose homeostasis due to insulin resistance are one of the probable risk factors for the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the presence of stage I–IV diabetic kidney disease.
Effect of tyrosine protein kinase blockade on the state of retinal microglia in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Vodianyk V.V. , Ziablitzev S.V. , Andrushchenko V.I. 
Published: September 2023

Background. Impaired homeostasis of the retinal tissue in diabetes primarily involves microglia, which triggers a cascade of inflammatory reactions, one of the main mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The purpose of the study was to determine the state of microglia in experimental DR and the effect of the tyrosine protein kinase blocker imatinib. Materials and methods. In 45 three-month-old male Wistar rats, diabetes was simulated by a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg; Sigma-Aldrich). The rats were divided into 3 groups: controls; short-acting insulin; insulin and imatinib (Grindex, Latvia). Immunohistochemically, CD68-positive cells were detected in the retina, and the levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) was evaluated by immunoblotting. Results. The retinal content of Iba-1 progressively increased and exceeded the initial level by 2.0 times after 7 days, and by 3.55 times after 28 days (p < 0.05). The insulin introduction inhibited the Iba-1 increase, which, although exceeding the initial level by 1.8 times, was significantly lower than the protein level in the control group after 28 days. The administration of imatinib together with insulin prevented the accumulation of Iba-1 in the retinal tissue: the protein content did not differ from the initial level (p > 0.05). CD68-positive cells in the retina were noted in the vessels of the choroid plexus throughout the observation, from the 14th day — in the dilated venules of the outer plexiform layer (monocytic pool), and from day 28 — diffusely in the parenchyma of the inner layers (microglial pool). The latter had either a rounded or a ramified shape, which corresponded to the morphology of amoeboid (phagocytic) or activated microglia. Tyrosine protein kinase blockade prevented the microglial activation in the retina. Signs of inflammation in the form of retinal MMP-9 increase and fibrotic retinal proliferations were absent on the 28th day when using insulin and imatinib. Conclusions. The blockade of retinal inflammation and microglial activation by imatinib indicated the prospects of tyrosine protein kinases inhibition in DR and substantiated the prospect of further research with the clarification of such an effect on other mechanisms of DR development.
Unexpected mapping of recurrent laryngeal nerve by fluorescence-guided surgery using near-infrared indocyanine green angiography
Authors: Gorobeiko M. , Dinets A. 
Published: September 2023

Background. The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) damage and parathyroid gland injury are the most severe complications of thyroid surgery. The possibility of RLN confirmation in the near-infrared spectrum after the injection of indocyanine green (ICG) was not yet been studied. Aim: to evaluate the ICG angiography for the identification of RLN during thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Materials and methods. ICG angiography of RLN was performed in 7 patients. An intraoperative neuromonitoring was applied as a method of controlling RLN. During the operation, parathyroid glands and RLN were identified by visual inspection (naked eye). To further confirm the location of the parathyroid glands by autofluorescence, an intravenous injection of ICG was performed with a concentration of 0.25 mg/kg followed by the application of the image-based system. Results. A good signal was achieved in the near-infrared spectrum from the RLN in all cases after the ICG injection. Sufficient blood perfusion of the RLN could be considered as a reasonable explanation for the exhibition of a good ICG near-infrared signal. Conclusions. ICG use might be a helpful approach for the confirmation of the RLN in addition to routine visual identification. Such function could be applied during fluorescence-guided surgery to evaluate the parathyroid gland autofluorescence. Visualization of RLN by ICG angiography is considered as an additional useful feature to prevent RLN injury.
Effect of empagliflozin on the left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Herashchenko A.S. , Fedorov S.V. , Bielinskyi M.V. , Seredyuk N.M. , Henyk B.L. 
Published: September 2023

Background. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is a common disease affecting more than half of people with heart failure. Among the extracardiac proinflammatory conditions, type 2 diabetes mellitus, which occurs in approximately 30–40 % of patients with heart failure, deserves special attention. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of empagliflozin on the left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Materials and methods. One hundred and twenty patients met the study criteria and were randomized in a 1 : 1 ratio to the empagliflozin group (n = 60) or the control group (n = 60), which received other antidiabetic drugs. The follow-up period lasted 12 weeks. A transthoracic echocardiogram was performed and functional and structural changes of the heart in these diseases were identified. Results. The data showed a marked improvement in several cardiac parameters. One important result was a decrease in the left ventricular mass index, which indicates a reduction in the left ventricular size and hypertrophy. This reduction shows a favorable course of remodeling and a potential regression of cardiac remodeling under the influence of empagliflozin. In addition, the study demonstrated an improvement in the left ventricular diastolic function. In particular, deceleration time and the E/e’ ratio showed favorable changes. Deceleration time, which reflects the relaxation and compliance of the left ventricle, decreased significantly, indicating an improvement in diastolic function. The E/e’ ratio, a marker of the left ventricular filling pressure, also showed positive changes, indicating a decrease in cardiac tension and improved ventricular relaxation. Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrated that empagliflozin treatment has a posi­tive effect on various cardiovascular parameters in patients with the studied diseases, in particular on the left ventricular diastolic function. These findings contribute to our understanding of the therapeutic potential of empagliflozin in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
The pleiotropic effects of levothyroxine replacement therapy in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and hypertension
Authors: Orel M.A. , Martynyuk L.P. 
Published: September 2023

Background. According to epidemiological studies, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is about 6 % and it depends on age, gender, region of residence and, at the same time, significantly exceeds the frequency of primary hypothyroidism. Within one year, 5 % of cases of subclinical hypothyroidism turn into the manifested form. Delayed diagnosis of the disease increases the risk of serious complications. It is still controversial whether subclinical hypothyroidism affects blood pressure because of conflicting results in published studies. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of levothyroxine replacement therapy in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and hypertension on lipid metabolism, functional state of the endothelium and cognition. Materials and methods. Thirty-one patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and stage 2 hypertension participa­ted in the study, among them 12 (38.71 %) men and 19 (61.29 %) women. The average age of participants was 63.19 ± 1.93 years. The study examined lipid profile, functional state of the endothelium, and cognitive functions based on the results of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment before and after 3 months of additional administration of the levothyroxine replacement thera­py at a dose 25–50 µg daily. Results. The lipid analysis revealed a significant decrease in total cholesterol for 10.08 % (5.54 ± 0.17 mmol/L against 6.23 ± 0.25 mmol/L, Р < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein choleste­rol for 24.5 % (3.39 ± 0.17 mmol/L against 4.49 ± 0.27 mmol/L, Р < 0.01), triglycerides for 19.42 % (1.66 ± 0.11 mmol/L against 2.06 ± 0.16 mmol/L, Р < 0.05) compared to those at baseline. At the same time, patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and hypertension showed a reliable decrease in atherogenic dyslipidemias, 64.52 against 74.19 %. We also observed a reliable improvement of the functional state of the endothelium: the mean value of the endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery increased for 11 % (6.56 ± 0.10 % against 5.91 ± 0.05 %, Р < 0.001). The results of the neuropsychological testing showed a reliable improvement of the cognitive functions among examined patients: the average score on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment raised from 23.77 ± 0.60 at baseline to 26.65 ± 0.47 after three months of taking levothyro­xine, Р < 0.001. Conclusions. Levothyroxine replacement therapy in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and hypertension was followed by a normalization of lipid profile and a decrease in atherogenic dyslipidemias, an improvement of the functional state of the endothelium and state of cognition.
The dietary treatment of obesity
Authors: Bentsa T.M. 
Published: September 2023

The review article represents an analysis of sources dealing with the issues of dietary therapy of obesity. The internet resources were used such as PubMed, MedLine, The Cochrane Databases, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus. Obesity has reached pandemic proportions worldwide, with more than 1 billion adults overweight (at least 300 million of them are clinically obese) and is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic disease and disability. This is a complex multifactorial disease, in which the accumulated excess fat in the body leads to negative impact on health. The main cause of obesity is a long-term energy imbalance between consumed and expended calories. Lifestyle modification remains the cornerstone of obesity treatment. An indivi­dually selected diet is recommended, which allows you to achieve a state of negative energy balance and is focused on quality food for health promotion. Most often, recommended diets for the treatment of obesity use the following energy restrictions based on changes in the composition of macronutrients: a low-fat diet, a low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet, a low-carbohydrate and high-protein diet, a paleo diet (with a high protein content). Intermittent fasting is considered an alternative to calorie-restricted diets. After an initial period on a high-protein diet, a Mediterranean diet may be an attractive option for continued treatment of obesity, provided that it is given in an energy-restric­ted form. This diet has been shown to be associated with lower levels of inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic markers of cardiovascular disease risk. The results of many studies indicate successful weight loss with the help of the Mediterranean diet, not only in the short term, but also in the long term. For the majority of obese patients, a purposeful change in lifestyle with adherence to the principles of dietary nutrition and regular physical activity allows for effective weight loss, adequate control of metabolic disorders, reduced risk of concomitant di­seases, and long-term maintenance of body weight achieved in the process of losing weight.
Adjustment disorders, hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a cardiologist’s view (literature review)
Authors: Miloslavsky D.K. , Koval S.M. 
Published: September 2023

The role of the stress factor and adjustment disorders among patients of a very high-risk group, namely with hypertension against the background of type 2 diabetes, was examined in the review of domestic and foreign sources of literature from the PubMed database. The authors provide data on the classification and terminology of adjustment disorders in this category of patients, and the contribution of the stress factor and activation of neurohumoral systems in their formation is considered in the historical aspect. The issue of the role of such adjustment disorders as anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, violent behavior in the family, at work is considered separately in terms of the negative course and progression of these dangerous diseases. Data are given on a number of non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors, namely genetic, haemodynamic, neurohumoral, hormonal and cardiometabolic characteristics of patients, prevalence, morbidity and mortality from complications of hypertension and type 2 diabetes in the presence of adjustment disorders; a brief description of diagnostic and preventive approaches to the correction of adjustment disorders among patients at a very high risk are described from a cardiologist’s standpoint.
Peculiarities of the anemic syndrome course with thyroid dysfunction
Authors: Urbanovych A.M. , Yuskiv M.V. 
Published: September 2023

This article was created on the basis of a literature review in the Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases and analyzes information on the prevalence, classification, etiopathogenetic mechanisms of anemia, evaluation of data from clinical studies and meta-analyses on the course of anemic syndrome in thyroid diseases. Anemia and thyroid dysfunction are common phenomena that often occur simultaneously. According to modern recommendations, it is worth evaluating the function of the thyroid gland when investigating anemia. With thyroid dysfunction, normocytic anemia is the most common, and microcytic and macrocytic anemias occur less often. The combination of anemia with thyroid diseases is an important problem for clinicians. Thyroid hormones have a direct effect on the proliferative capacity of the erythroid progenitor, which may be related to the mechanism of erythropoietic dysfunction in human thyroid diseases. Anemia, especially iron deficiency, in turn, affects a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones against the background of weakened thyroid function of the pituitary gland. The most frequent cause of anemia in hypothyroidism is bone marrow suppression due to thyroid hormone deficiency, as well as insufficient production of erythropoietin due to a decreased need for O2. Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased number of erythrocytes, because there is an excessive need for tissues in oxygen, and therefore, the secretion of erythropoietin is increased. In autoimmune thyroid disease, a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and, especially, pernicious anemia is observed. Anemia in Graves’ disease resembles anemia of chronic disease and is associated with activation of nonspecific inflammation. Aplastic anemia, which is the result of the thyroid dysfunction, is rare. It occurs as a side effect in patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism who take antithyroid drugs.