bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ATN cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in dementia with Lewy bodies: Initial results from the United States Dementia with Lewy Bodies Consortium
Authors: Jain Lavanya , Khrestian Maria , Formica Shane , Tuason Elizabeth D. , Pillai Jagan A. , Rao Stephen , Oguh Odinachi , Lippa Carol F. , Lopez Oscar L. , Berman Sarah B. , Tsuang Debby W. , Zabetian Cyrus P. , Irwin David J. , Galasko Douglas R. , Litvan Irene , Marder Karen S. , Honig Lawrence S. , Fleisher Jori E. , Galvin James E. , Bozoki Andrea C. , Taylor Angela S. , Sabbagh Marwan N. , Leverenz James B. , Bekris Lynn M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe National Institute on Aging – Alzheimer's Association (NIA‐AA) ATN research framework proposes to use biomarkers for amyloid (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N) to stage individuals with AD pathological features and track changes longitudinally. The overall aim was to utilize this framework to characterize pre‐mortem ATN status longitudinally in a clinically diagnosed cohort of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and to correlate it with thepost mortemdiagnosis.METHODSThe cohort was subtyped by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ATN category. A subcohort had longitudinal data, and a subgroup was neuropathologically evaluated.RESULTSWe observed a significant difference in Aβ42/40after 12 months in the A+T− group.Post mortemneuropathologic analyses indicated that most of the p‐Tau 181 positive (T+) cases also had a high Braak stage.DISCUSSIONThis suggests that DLB patients who are A+ but T− may need to be monitored to determine whether they remain A+ or ever progress to T positivity.HighlightsSome A+T‐ DLB subjects transition from A+ to negative after 12‐months.Clinically diagnosed DLB with LBP‐AD (A+T+) maintain their positivity.Clinically diagnosed DLB with LBP‐AD (A+T+) maintain their positivity.Monitoring of the A+T‐ sub‐type of DLB may be necessary.
Turkish anatomists' preferences to continue teaching after death and how it is impacted by their religious beliefs
Authors: Turhan Begumhan , Akcaalan Melike , Karahan Menekse 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe attitudes of anatomists toward donating their own bodies are a question of matter in the literature of medicine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the attitudes of Turkish anatomists regarding the donation of their own bodies as teaching material after death. A descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted among anatomists in Türkiye during the months of March and April 2023. An online survey was carried out by means of a questionnaire constructed using Google Forms©. The survey consisted of a demographic data part, Likert‐type multiple choice questions, open‐ended questions, and yes–no questions. The questionnaire was answered by 133 anatomists from the anatomy departments in Türkiye. The mean age was 38.9 ± 7.30 years. 48% of the anatomists who answered were male and 52% were female. Most of the participants have a religious belief (90%). All of the participants with religious beliefs were members of the Islamic religion. Approximately 5% of the participants stated that they donated their bodies as cadavers. Anatomists suggested increasing body donation by 76.7% as a solution to cadaveric insufficiency. Although most anatomists state that there is a need for body donation, the rate of donating their own bodies seems quite low. We think that anatomists accept the importance of body donation, but they do not think of themselves as donors. They only recommend body donation to other people. We think that programs and activities should be planned especially for those who are uncertain about body donation and those who only donate organs but do not donate bodies.
Germanium Analogue of the Parent Phosphine−Borane FLP Compound
Authors: Segizbayev Medet , Dmitrienko Anton , Simionescu Razvan , Pilkington Melanie , Nikonov Georgii I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiimino−carbene‐supported germylone dimNHCGe does not react with BPh3 and does not activate dihydrogen in the FLP mode in the combination with this borane. However, it reacts with B(C6F5)3 to give the zwitterionic borate dimNHCGe−(C6F4)BF(C6F5)2. This compound can be converted into the hydroborate dimNHCGe−(C6F4)BH(C6F5)2 (8) and further into [dimNHCGe−(C6F4)B(C6F5)2]+ (4). Compound 4 is a Ge/B analogue of Stephan's FLP parent P/B compound (C6H2Me3)2P−C6F4−B(C6F5)2 but unlike the latter cannot split dihydrogen. Moreover, attempts to prepare a Ge/B analogue of the zwitterion (C6H2Me3)2HP−C6F4−BH(C6F5)2 by protonation of borate 8 resulted in immediate elimination of H2.
Red/NIR emissive aggregation‐induced emission‐active photosensitizers with strong donor–acceptor strength for image‐guided photodynamic therapy of cancer
Authors: Ma Yucheng , Yin Weidong , Ji Shaomin , Wang Jin , Lam Jacky Wing Yip , Kwok Ryan Tsz Kin , Huo Yanping , Sun Jianwei , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLight‐mediated therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) are considered emerging cancer treatment strategies. However, there are still lots of defect with common photosensitizers (PSs), such as short emission wavelength, weak photostability, poor cell permeability, and low PDT efficiency. Therefore, it is very important to develop high‐performance PSs. Recently, luminogens with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics and red/near‐infrared (NIR) emissive have been reported as promising PSs for image‐guided cancer therapy, due to them being able to prevent autofluorescence in physiological environments, their enhanced fluorescence in the aggregated state, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we developed PSs named TBTCPM and MTBTCPM with donor–acceptor (D–A) structures, strong red/NIR, excellent targeting specificities to good cell permeability, and high photostability. Interestingly, both of them can efficiently generate ROS under white light irradiation and possess excellent killing effect on cancer cells. This study, thus, not only demonstrates applications in cell image‐guided PDT cancer therapy performances but also provides strategy for construction of AIEgens with long emission wavelengths.
Liamocin biosynthesis is induced by an autogenous host acid activation in Aureobasidium melanogenum
Authors: Zhang Mei , Wei Xin , Wang Peng , Chi Zhe , Liu Guang‐Lei , Chi Zhen‐Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt has been known that maximal liamocin production must be carried out at low environmental pH (around 3.0). In this study, it was found that the low pH was mainly caused by the secreted citric acid which is one precursor of acetyl‐CoA for liamocin biosynthesis. Determination of citric acid in the culture, deletion, complementation and overexpression of the CEXA gene encoding specific citrate exporter demonstrated that the low pH was indeed caused by the secreted citric acid. Deletion, complementation and overexpression of the ACL gene encoding ATP‐citric acid lyase and effects of different initial pHs and added citric acid showed that the low pH in the presence of citric acid was suitable for lysis of intracellular citric acid, liamocin production and expression of the PACC gene encoding the pH signaling transcription factor PacC. This meant that the PACC gene was an acid‐expression gene. Deletion, complementation and overexpression of the PACC gene indicated that expression of the key gene cluster GAL1‐EST1‐PKS1 for liamocin biosynthesis was driven by the pH signaling transcription factor PacC and there was weak nitrogen catabolite repression on liamocin biosynthesis at the low pH. That was why liamocin biosynthesis was induced at a low pH in the presence of citric acid. The mechanisms of the enhanced liamocin biosynthesis by the autogenous host acid activation, together with the pH signaling pathway, were proposed.
PEGylated therapeutics in the clinic
Authors: Gao Yongsheng , Joshi Maithili , Zhao Zongmin , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to therapeutic agents, termed PEGylation, is a well‐established and clinically proven drug delivery approach to improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. Specifically, PEGylation can improve the parent drug's solubility, extend its circulation time, and reduce its immunogenicity, with minimal undesirable properties. PEGylation technology has been applied to various therapeutic modalities including small molecules, aptamers, peptides, and proteins, leading to over 30 PEGylated drugs currently used in the clinic and many investigational PEGylated agents under clinical trials. Here, we summarize the diverse types of PEGylation strategies, the key advantages of PEGylated therapeutics over their parent drugs, and the broad applications and impacts of PEGylation in clinical settings. A particular focus has been given to the size, topology, and functionalities of PEG molecules utilized in clinically used PEGylated drugs, as well as those under clinical trials. An additional section has been dedicated to analyzing some representative PEGylated drugs that were discontinued at different stages of clinical studies. Finally, we critically discuss the current challenges faced in the development and clinical translation of PEGylated agents.
Economic evaluation of prostate cancer risk assessment methods: A cost‐effectiveness analysis using population data
Authors: Mohammadi Tima , Guh Daphne P. , Tam Alexander C. T. , Pataky Reka E. , Black Peter C. , So Alan , Lynd Larry D. , Zhang Wei , Conklin Annalijn I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe current prostate cancer (PCa) screening standard of care (SOC) leads to unnecessary biopsies and overtreatment because decisions are guided by prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels, which have low specificity in the gray zone (3–10 ng/mL). New risk assessment tools (RATs) aim to improve biopsy decision‐making. We constructed a modeling framework to assess new RATs in men with gray zone PSA from the British Columbia healthcare system's perspective.MethodsWe evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of a new RAT used in biopsy‐naïve men aged 50+ with a PSA of 3–10 ng/mL using a time‐dependent state‐transition model. The model was informed by engaging patient partners and using linked administrative health data, supplemented with published literature. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio and the probability of the RAT being cost‐effective were calculated. Probabilistic analysis was used to assess parameter uncertainty.ResultsIn the base case, a RAT based on an existing biomarker's characteristics was a dominant strategy associated with a cost savings of $44 and a quality‐adjusted life years (QALY) gain of 0.00253 over 18 years of follow‐up. At a cost‐effectiveness threshold of $50,000/QALY, the probability that using a RAT is cost‐effective relative to the SOC was 73%. Outcomes were sensitive to RAT costs and accuracy, especially the detection rate of high‐grade PCa. Results were also impacted by PCa prevalence and assumptions about undetected PCa survival.ConclusionsOur findings showed that a more accurate RAT to guide biopsy can be cost‐effective. Our proposed general model can be used to analyze the cost‐effectiveness of any novel RAT.
Surgical management of a type A aortic dissection in a pregnant patient
Authors: Gordon Julian A. , Larkins Michael C. , Pasli Melisa , Cai Sunny R. , Celio Adam C. , Bates Michael J. 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageDespite emphasis for emergent surgical treatment of Stanford type A aortic dissections, pregnant patients that are clinically stable may safely receive a staged approach instead, with delivery followed by delayed dissection repair.
Pulmonary pseudoaneurysm in the setting of concurrent COVID‐19 and pulmonary mucormycosis: A rare case report
Authors: Hamdar Hussein , Nahle Ali Alakbar , Jaber Rida , Salame Hadi , Sikaria Amjad , Souleiman Younes 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case illustrates the possible danger of PAP emergence in individuals with a confluence of conditions capable of inducing vascular impairment, like COVID‐19, pulmonary mucormycosis (PM), and diabetes.AbstractPulmonary mucormycosis (PM) is a highly lethal invasive infection. It is a rare complication of COVID‐19 and is associated with a high mortality rate. Pulmonary pseudoaneurysm (PAP) is a severe manifestation of this condition, often resulting in death. Management involves endovascular therapy followed by surgery and appropriate antifungal treatment.
X‐linked lymphoproliferative syndrome associated with Epstein–Barr virus encephalitis and lymphoproliferative disorder
Authors: Mukai Takeo , Waki Kenji 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageWhen treating patients with EBV encephalitis, the possibility of XLP should be considered. Once the diagnosis of XLP is made, aggressive treatment such as rituximab, and other immunosuppressive agents are desired for rapid transition to HSCT.
ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in aortic stenosis: Relationship with cardiac structure, invasive hemodynamics, and long‐term mortality
Authors: Sager Patrizia , Rusch Andreas , Weber Lukas , Breuss Alexander , Appert Sharon , Brenner Roman , Buser Marc , Ammann Peter , Rickli Hans , Maeder Micha T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn aortic stenosis (AS), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the response to pressure overload and represents the substrate for a maladaptive cascade, the so‐called AS‐related cardiac damage. We hypothesized that in AS patients electrocardiogram (ECG) LVH not only predicts echocardiography LVH but also other noninvasive and invasive markers of cardiac damage and prognosis after aortic valve replacement (AVR).MethodsIn 279 patients with severe AS undergoing ECG, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization before AVR, the Sokolow‐Lyon index, the Cornell product, the Romhilt‐Estes score, and the Peguero‐Lo Presti score were assessed.ResultsThe mean left ventricular mass index was 109 ± 34 g/m2, and 131 (47%) patients had echocardiography LVH. The areas under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) for the Sokolow‐Lyon index, the Cornell product, the Romhilt‐Estes score, and the Peguero‐Lo Presti score for the prediction of echocardiography LVH were 0.59, 0.70, 0.63, and 0.65. The Peguero‐Lo Presti score had the numerically greatest AUC for the prediction of left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure >15 mmHg, mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure >15 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance >3 Wood units, mean right atrial pressure >14 mmHg, and stroke volume index <31 mL/m2. After a median follow‐up of 1365 (interquartile range: 931–1851) days after AVR only the Peguero‐Lo Presti score was significantly associated with all‐cause mortality [hazard ratio: 1.24 (95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.54); per 1 mV increase; p = .045].ConclusionsAmong severe AS patients, the Peguero‐Lo Presti score is associated with abnormalities in cardiac structure including LVH, invasive measures of cardiac damage, and long‐term mortality after AVR.
A novel finite spectral entropy: Gated term memory unit recursive network integrated with Ladybug Beetle Optimization algorithm for epileptic seizure detection
Authors: Golla Sandhya Kumari , Maloji Suman 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProfessional medical experts use a visual electroencephalography (EEG) signal for epileptic seizure detection, although this method is time‐consuming and highly subject to bias. The majority of previous epileptic detection techniques have poor efficiency, detection performance and also which are unsuited to handle large datasets. In order to solve the aforementioned issues and to assist medical professionals with an advanced technology, a computerized epileptic seizure detection system is essential. Therefore, the proposed work intends to design an automated detection tool for predicting an epileptic seizure from EEG signals. For this purpose, a novel non‐linear feature analysis and deep learning algorithms are deployed in this work. Initially, the signal decomposition, filtering and artifacts removal operations are carried out with the use of finite Haar wavelet transformation technique. After that, the finite spectral entropy (FSE) based feature extraction model has been used to extract the time, frequency, and time‐frequency features from the normalized signal. Consequently, the novel gated term memory unit recursive network (GTRN) model is employed to predict the given EEG signal as whether healthy or seizure affected including the class with high accuracy. During this process, the recently developed Ladybug Beetle Optimization (LBO) algorithm is used to compute the logistic sigmoid function based on the solution. The purpose of using this algorithm is to simplify the process of classification with increased seizure prediction accuracy and performance. Moreover, the standard and popular benchmark EEG datasets are used to validate and test the results of the proposed FSE‐GTRN‐LBO mechanism. By leveraging the finite Haar wavelet transformation and FSE‐based feature extraction, we can efficiently process EEG signals. The utilization of the GTRN model enables accurate classification of healthy and seizure‐affected EEG data. To optimize the classification process further, we integrate the LBO algorithm, streamlining the computation of the logistic sigmoid function. Through comprehensive validation on standard EEG datasets, our proposed FSE‐GTRN‐LBO mechanism achieves outstanding seizure prediction accuracy and performance, surpassing existing state‐of‐the‐art techniques.
Interpretable and accurate curve‐fitting method for arterial pulse wave modeling and decomposition
Authors: Chen Zhendong , Peng Bo , Zhou Yuqi , Hao Yinan , Xie Xiaohua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArterial pulse waveforms contain a wealth of information about the cardiovascular system. There is a lack of physical meaning in the mathematical model of arterial pulse waves, while the physical model fails to offer individuality as too many assumptions are involved. In this article, we focus on promoting the interpretability of the arterial pulse mathematical model. The proposed method is based on newly developed 3‐term fitting functions individualized by the physiological parameter assignment, which are the peak times of the reflected and dicrotic waves in a pulse. In this manner, the model allows decomposition of the pulse into sub‐signals with clear physiological significance. With nearly 10,000 pulse fitting experiments, it is demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms the standard methods in fitting accuracy while providing parameters linked to hemodynamic characteristics and common clinical indices such as the peripheral augmentation index (pAI). The proposed method innovatively maintains the individuality and accuracy of mathematical models while improving the interpretability of their parameters. The applications of this newly developed method, which explicitly incorporates hemodynamic characteristics, are expected to be particularly valuable in future pulse wave decomposition studies.
Bioequivalence of Blonanserin Tablets Under Fasting and Fed Conditions in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Lei Yuyan , Yan Yu , Lu Junli , Li Chao , Wang Jie , Li Canxia , Huang Lifeng , Wang Caihong , Liu Wanying , Li Xiaohui , Chen Weiming , Xia Man , Chen Lulu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBlonanserin is a novel oral antischizophrenic drug. Under fasting (n = 50) and fed (n = 60) conditions, this study compared the bioequivalence of the generic blonanserin tablet with the reference blonanserin tablet. In this single‐center, randomized, open‐label, 2‐period, 2‐sequence, crossover study, 110 patients were randomly given a 4‐mg dose of either the test or reference blonanserin tablet with a 14‐day washout period. Blood samples were taken before performing and up to 72 hours following. A validated high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry technique was used to measure the levels of blonanserin in plasma. Safety was evaluated throughout the study. The study found no significant differences in the maximum observed drug concentration in the plasma (Cmax), the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to the last sampling time (AUC0‐t), and the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC0‐∞) between the 2 blonanserin formulations. The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratio of the test/reference formulations for Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ were within the 80%‐125% limit. Food dramatically raised blonanserin exposure, and also significantly prolonged the lag time of absorption. No serious adverse events occurred. These results indicate that the 2 blonanserin formulations were bioequivalent and well tolerated in healthy Chinese subjects. In clinical treatment, it is necessary to consider the food effect of blonanserin.
Circular RNA circARPC1B functions as a stabilisation enhancer of Vimentin to prevent high cholesterol‐induced articular cartilage degeneration
Authors: Li Jiarui , Li Xiang , Zhou Shengji , Wang Yuxin , Ying Tiantian , Wang Quan , Wu Yizheng , Zhao Fengchao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating condition, that is, directly associated with cholesterol metabolism. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of OA remain largely unknown, and the role of cholesterol in this process has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the role of a novel circular RNA, circARPC1B in the relationship between cholesterol and OA progression.MethodsWe measured total cholesterol (TC) levels in the synovial fluid of patients with or without OA to determine the diagnostic role of cholesterol in OA. The effects of cholesterol were explored in human and mouse chondrocytes in vitro. An in vivo OA model was also established in mice fed a high‐cholesterol diet (HCD) to explore the role of cholesterol in OA. RNAseq analysis was used to study the influence of cholesterol on circRNAs in chondrocytes. The role of circARPC1B in the OA development was verified through circARPC1B overexpression and knockdown. Additionally, RNA pulldown assays and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation were used to determine the interaction between circARPC1B and Vimentin. CircARPC1B adeno‐associated virus (AAV) was used to determine the role of circARPC1B in cholesterol‐induced OA.ResultsTC levels in synovial fluid of OA patients were found to be elevated and exhibited high sensitivity and specificity as predictors of OA diagnosis. Moreover, elevated cholesterol accelerated OA progression. CircARPC1B was downregulated in chondrocytes treated with cholesterol and played a crucial role in preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM). Mechanistically, circARPC1B is competitively bound to the E3 ligase synoviolin 1 (SYVN1) binding site on Vimentin, inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of Vimentin. Furthermore, circARPC1B AAV infection alleviates Vimentin degradation and OA progression caused by high cholesterol.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the cholesterol‐circARPC1B‐Vimentin axis plays a crucial role in OA progression, and circARPC1B gene therapy has the opportunity to provide a potential therapeutic approach for OA.