bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic-assisted reduction for Developmental Hip Dysplasia (DDH) through the sub-adductor and anterolateral portals; A 24-month follow-up prospective descriptive study
Authors: Rashwan Amr Samir , El-Desouky Mahmoud , Elbarbary Hassan , Madbouly Mahmoud Abd Elhamid , Khedr Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a spectrum of pathological conditions, including dislocation, subluxation, and deformities of the femoral head and acetabulum. The optimal surgical approach for DDH remains a subject of debate. Successful treatment aims to achieve a stable concentric reduction and prevent future subluxation or dislocation. This study aims to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted surgical reduction of DDH in children aged from 6 months to 5 years old.

Methods
This prospective study included 57 patients with DDH (68 involved hips) between January 2019 and May 2021. They were treated with arthroscopic-assisted surgical reduction. Dega osteotomy was needed in 22 cases, femoral osteotomy and or shortening was necessary in 11 cases, and combined pelvic and femoral osteotomies were required in nine cases. We evaluated and followed all the patients clinically and radiologically, using Severin, modified Severin scores, Shenton line, and acetabular index measurement up to 24 months postoperatively.

Results
The mean age of the included patients was 26.9 months. The mean operative time was 54.7 (36–90) minutes. Clinical assessment using the modified Severin classification revealed that 53 hips (77.9%) were grade I and 11 hips (16.2%) were grade II at the end of the follow-up. Radiological evaluation using Severin classification revealed that 55 hips (80.9%) were in grade I, and 10 hips (14.7%) were in grade II. There was a statistically significant correlation between clinical and radiological grading (p < 0.001). Hip re-dislocation and avascular necrosis (AVN) were experienced in one and two cases, respectively.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that arthroscopic-assisted reduction for DDH, with or without osteotomies, is a promising technique with satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes and a low complication rate. However, given the single-center nature of this study and its relatively small sample size, these results should be interpreted with caution.

Clinical Trial Registration (Retrospectively registered)
Registration number: NCT06520436. 25-7-2024.
High-intensity focused ultrasound: an innovative approach for micro-manipulation of demineralized dentine
Authors: Rajan Sheetal Maria , Shrestha Barsha , Fawzy Amr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Treatment of deep carious lesions poses significant challenges in dentistry, as complete lesion removal risks compromising pulp vitality, while selective removal often reduces the longevity of restorations. Herein, we propose a minimally invasive approach using High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for microscale removal of carious dentine. Concurrently, HIFU’s antimicrobial effects against associated cariogenic biofilms and the corresponding thermal and biological impacts on surrounding tissues were investigated.

Methods
A total of 238 sound human molars were utilized, with 203 samples of artificial carious-simulated dentine (ACSD) prepared for HIFU exposure. HIFU (250 kHz) was applied at 20 W for varying durations (60, 120, and 180 s). The acoustic waves were administered via a collimated cone coupled to the dentine surface using ultrasonic gel.

Results
Advanced characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy (n = 5/group), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and nano-indentation (n = 5/group), demonstrated HIFU’s effectiveness in removing demineralized collagen-fibrils. This was reflected in the increased mineral content, nano-hardness, and reduced elastic-modulus of ACSD lesions. Micro-CT (n = 6/group) confirmed the increase in mineral density post-HIFU exposure. Confocal microscopy of Rhodamine-B stained ACSD (n = 5/group) quantified the depth of dentine microscale removal post-HIFU exposure in a time-dependent manner. HIFU’s potent anti-biofilm effect (n = 9/group) against Streptococcus mutans biofilms was evidenced by microscopic characterizations and significant reductions in metabolic-activity and colony-forming units. Furthermore, HIFU promoted the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (n = 3/group) while maintaining the associated temperature-rise within the physiological tolerance.

Conclusion
HIFU’s potential as an innovative, minimally invasive, non-ionizing tool for dentine carious lesion micromanipulation was demonstrated through the interaction between focused acoustic waves and dentine, warranting further studies for future clinical translation in restorative and/or preventive dentistry.
Gallic acid alleviates exercise-induced muscle damage by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress and ferroptosis
Authors: Yu Likai , Tian Di , Su Zishan , Zhang Li , Guo Shaobo , Zhu Wenhui , Fang Yuan , Wang Peimin , Zhang Nongshan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Skeletal muscle injury caused by excessive exercise is one of the most commonly seen clinical diseases. It is indispensable to explore drugs for treating and relieving skeletal muscle injury. Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenolic extract that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological activities. However, its function and mechanism in skeletal muscle injury remain unclear.

Methods
We first established a skeletal muscle injury model caused by excessive exercise. Histopathological analysis was used to determine the severity of skeletal muscle injury in mice. Techniques such as ELISA, Western blot, and RT-qPCR were used to measure skeletal muscle injury markers including CK, LDH, IL-6, TNF-α, and ferroptosis-related indicators such as Fe2+, MDA, COX2, and GPX4. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of mitochondria. JC-1, DHE, and C11-BODIPY 581/591 probes were used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and lipid peroxidation levels.

Results
The results of this study indicate that GA has a positive therapeutic effect on skeletal muscle inflammation and injury induced by excessive exercise. On the one hand, GA can alleviate skeletal muscle mitochondrial injury and redox imbalance by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential level and increasing ATP production. On the other hand, GA can inhibit ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells induced by excessive exercise through its antioxidant and anti-iron accumulation ability.

Conclusions
In summary, GA protects against skeletal muscle injury induced by excessive exercise by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress and ferroptosis pathways, providing new evidence for GA as a promising therapeutic agent for skeletal muscle injury.
Aortic lumen repair with glue-felt technique before proximal anastomosis in acute type a aortic dissection surgery
Authors: Varol Muhammed , Arapi Berk , Tel Üstünışık Çiğdem , Göksedef Deniz , Ömeroğlu Suat Nail , İpek Gökhan , Balkanay Ozan Onur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objectives
Despite the advances in medicine, aortic dissection remains a cardiac surgery emergency with high mortality and morbidity rates. This study examined the effects of the Glue + Felt technique, which uses biological glue and felt to repair the proximal anastomotic site, on the outcomes of patients with acute type A aortic dissection.

Methods
A total of 108 patients who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection at our clinic between 2007 and 2020 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: the "Glue + Felt Technique" and the "Bentall-De Bono" groups, based on the surgical technique used for the aortic root. The effects of these two techniques on the development of intraoperative and postoperative complications and survival rates were statistically analyzed.

Results
The Glue + Felt technique was used for 76 patients, while the Bentall-De Bono technique was used for 32 patients. The Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significant differences in survival rates between the two groups over the entire follow-up period, both with and without propensity score matching (p < 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). However, no significant differences were observed in comparisons beyond the first 30 days of follow-up, either with or without propensity score matching (p = 0.573 and p = 0.561, respectively). The main factors contributing to this difference were the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp time (p < 0.05). During the average follow-up period of 46.2 ± 31.6 months, no re-intervention was required in patients from the Glue-Felt technique group.

Conclusions
The mortality rate in aortic dissection surgery is higher with more extensive surgical intervention as the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp time increases. Repairing the lumen and reducing operation time in suitable patients using the Glue-Felt technique for the proximal anastomotic site positively impacts postoperative complications and improves in-hospital and 30-day survival rates, without increasing long-term re-intervention rates.
Establishment and evaluation of a method for measuring ornithine transcarbamylase activity in micro blood of neonates
Authors: Zhang Zhilei , Wang Xin , Zhang Jingjing , Guan Xianwei , Wang Yanyun , Hong Dongyang , Li Yahong , Yang Peiying , Sun Yun , Jiang Tao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency exhibits a high degree of clinical heterogeneity, making its screening and classification challenging in some instances. In this study, we first established a simple and stable method for testing ornithine transcarbamylase activity using micro blood from newborns, rather than relying on venous blood.

Methods
The activity of ornithine transcarbamylase was assessed by measuring the concentration of citrulline produced in the reaction with carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine, using serum, plasma or micro blood. Correlation analysis was evaluated using Sangerbox Tools. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was used in SPSS Statistics 17.0 to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

Results
A strong linear relationship was observed between ornithine transcarbamylase activity and both micro blood volume and reaction time (R2 = 0.9793, 0.9922 respectively). The intra-coefficient variation and inter-coefficient variation were 11% and 12.5% with a 1-h reaction time, and 6.77% and 9.58% with a 3-h reaction time, respectively. And the inter-coefficient variation was lower than the most widely used colorimetry method (5.1–21.1%). The Limit of Blank was 0.57 nmol/mL/h. The reference interval for normal newborn population is greater than or equal to 39.6 nmol/mL/h. Notably, the method exhibited a 100% sensitivity, surpassing the sensitivity of colorimetry method (94.3%), along with and a specificity of 96.9% for diagnosing ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

Conclusions
We pioneered a method for testing OTC activity that normally carried on venous blood can be effectively performed on microblood heel samples. Meanwhile, our method presents a simpler, more stable and reproducible approach compared to colorimetry.
Development of a non-specialist worker delivered psychological intervention to address alcohol use disorders and psychological distress among conflict-affected populations in Uganda and Ukraine
Authors: Nadkarni Abhijit , Massazza Alessandro , Tol Wietse A. , Bogdanov Sergiy , Andersen Lena S. , Moore Quincy , Roberts Bayard , Weiss Helen A. , Singh Soumya , Neuman Melissa , May Carl , Fuhr Daniela C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Despite the significant burden of alcohol use disorders (AUD), there is a large treatment gap, especially in settings and populations affected by armed conflict. A key barrier to care is the lack of contextually relevant interventions and adequately skilled human resources to deliver them. This paper describes the systematic development of the CHANGE intervention, a potentially scalable psychological intervention for people with co-existing AUD and psychological distress in conflict-affected populations, delivered by non-specialist workers (NSWs).

Methods
CHANGE was developed in sequential steps: (1) identifying potential treatment strategies through a meta-review and Delphi survey with international experts; (2) in-depth interviews (IDIs) with key stakeholders from the study settings in Uganda and Ukraine; and (3) three consultative workshops with international experts and experts from Uganda and Ukraine to develop a theoretical framework for the intervention informed by outputs of the Delphi and IDIs.

Results
In the Delphi survey, experts reached agreement on the acceptability, feasibility and potential effectiveness of the following components: identify high-risk situations, problem solving skills, assessment, handling drinking urges, communication skills, pros and cons of drinking, and identifying high-risk situations. From the IDIs we identified (a) causal attributions for using alcohol e.g., psychosocial stressors; (b) cultural norms related to alcohol consumption such as patriarchal stereotypes; and (c) coping strategies to deal with drinking problems such as distraction. The CHANGE intervention developed through the consultative workshops can be delivered in three sequential phases focussed on assessment, feedback, and information (Phase 1); providing the client with need-based skills for dealing with high-risk situations related to alcohol use (Phase 2), and relapse prevention and management (Phase 3).

Conclusions
CHANGE is a contextually relevant and potentially scalable treatment for co-existing AUD and psychological distress to be delivered by NSWs to conflict-affected populations. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of CHANGE will be tested in Uganda and Ukraine.
Virtual machine scheduling and migration management across multi-cloud data centers: blockchain-based versus centralized frameworks
Authors: Altahat Mohammad A. , Daradkeh Tariq , Agarwal Anjali 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEfficiently managing virtual resources in the cloud is crucial for successful recourse utilization. Scheduling is a vital technique used to manage Virtual Machines (VMs), enabling placement and migration between hosts located in the same or different data centers. Effective scheduling not only ensures better server consolidation but also enhances hardware utilization and reduces power consumption in data centers. However, scheduling VMs across a Wide Area Network (WAN) poses considerable challenges due to connectivity issues, slower communication speeds, and concerns around data integrity and confidentiality. To enable informed scheduling decisions, it is critical to facilitate the exchange of real-time and accurate status information between cloud data centers, ensuring optimal resource allocation and minimizing latency. To address this, we propose a novel distributed cloud management solution that utilizes blockchain technology to facilitate efficient sharing of VM characteristics across multiple data centers. BigchainDB platform has been used as a blockchain-based ledger database to effectively share information required for VM scheduling and migration across different data centers. The proposed framework has been validated and compared with a Virtual Private Network (VPN)-based centralized management solution. The proposed model utilizing blockchain-based solution achieves 41.79% to 49.85% reduction in number of communication messages and 2% to 12% decrease in total communication delay comparing to the centralized model.
Is the green credit policy useful for improving energy intensity? Evidence from cities in China
Authors: Pan Ting , Lin Boqiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe green credit policy (GCP) is an essential financial policy tool for solving the problem of environmental pollution, and urban energy conservation is an effective way to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. However, existing research has not verified the energy-saving effects of green credit (GC) at the city level. Based on panel data from 283 cities in China, this study aims to investigate whether GC can effectively reduce urban energy intensity (EI), which is an important complement to existing research. In terms of research methods, to better evaluate the effect of the policy and exclude the influence of other relevant factors, this study considers the promulgation of the Green Credit Guideline (GCG) in 2012 as the basic event, uses the difference-in-differences (DID) model to investigate the impact of GC on EI, and discusses the main impact mechanism. The key results are follows. (1) GC can effectively reduce urban EI. (2) Public environmental demand positively regulates the negative correlation between GC and EI. (3) GC reduces EI through three main channels: government support, capital investment, and technological innovation; however, the mechanism of industrial structure has no significant effect. (4) The effect of GC is more significant in areas with large urban scales, low environmental regulation intensity, and high industrial agglomeration. Based on the above results, this study presents puts forward targeted policy recommendations to strengthen the role of GC in urban sustainable development.
Elasticity of ESSM stock volatility: an analysis of the collapse of U.S., European, and Chinese markets during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jawad Muhammad , Naz Munazza 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent eradication precipitated a rare and unexpected stock market crash. This crisis presents a unique opportunity to evaluate environmental, social, sustainable, and management (ESSM) policy choices. This study contributes by demonstrating the application of ESSM concerns and investment decision investment horizons and showing the significance of the long-term perspective in ESSM investment decision-making. From January 2020 to December 2022, stocks with higher ESSM ratings had significantly greater returns, less return arbitrariness, and larger operational profit margins. ESSM ventures with more advertising expenditures had higher stock returns; however, investors more predisposed toward ESSM saw less return arbitrariness during market crises. This study emphasizes the importance of investor and consumer loyalty to the elasticity of ESSM stocks.
Optimization of power system load forecasting and scheduling based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Jing Jiangbo , Di Hongyu , Wang Ting , Jiang Ning , Xiang Zhaoyang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study seeks to enhance the accuracy and economic efficiency of power system load forecasting (PSLF) by leveraging Artificial Neural Networks. A predictive model based on a Residual Connection Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Attention mechanism (RBiLSTM-AM) is proposed. In this model, normalized power load time series data is used as input, with the Bidirectional Long and Short Term Memory network capturing the bidirectional dependencies of the time series and the residual connections preventing gradient vanishing. Subsequently, an attention mechanism is applied to capture the influence of significant time steps, thereby improving prediction accuracy. Based on the load forecasting, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to quickly determine the optimal scheduling strategy, ensuring the economic efficiency and safety of the power system. Results show that the proposed RBiLSTM-AM achieves an accuracy of 96.68%, precision of 91.56%, recall of 90.51%, and an F1-score of 91.37%, significantly outperforming other models (e.g., the Recurrent Neural Network model, which has an accuracy of 69.94%). In terms of error metrics, the RBiLSTM-AM model reduces the root mean square error to 123.70 kW, mean absolute error to 104.44 kW, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) to 5.62%, all of which are lower than those of other models. Economic cost analysis further demonstrates that the PSO scheduling strategy achieves significantly lower costs at most time points compared to the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA) strategies, with the cost being 689.17 USD in the first hour and 2214.03 USD in the fourth hour, both lower than those of GA and SA. Therefore, the proposed RBiLSTM-AM model and PSO scheduling strategy demonstrate significant accuracy and economic benefits in PSLF, providing effective technical support for optimizing power system scheduling.
Validity of the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity 2000-Glucocorticoid Index, its association with the Physician Global Assessment, and potential association with disease damage
Authors: Medhat Basma M. , Maged Lobna A. , Teleb Doaa A. , Mohamed Sally S. , Afifi Angie Y. , Koptan Dina M. T. , Abdelrahman Walaa , Dorgham Dalia , Elsebaie Eman Hany , Afifi Naglaa , Ahmed Sahar A. , Behairy Mervat E. , Ramadan Hala 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity-2000 Glucocorticoid Index (SLEDAI-2 KG) accounts for glucocorticoids and possibly promising. The Physician Global Assessment (PGA) is subjective and debatable.

Objectives
Assessment of the validity of the SLEDAI-2 KG, its association with the PGA, and their potential association with the disease damage.

Methods
A cross-sectional study included SLE patients managed at 2 tertiary centers in Egypt were conducted. The SLEDAI-2 K was the gold standard score for assessment the disease activity. The SLEDAI-2 KG incorporates glucocorticoids’ dosage through an ordinal weight. The PGA (scale: 0–3) was categorized according to the PGA international standardization consensus in SLE study (PISCOS).

Results
The study included 608 patients [546 (89.8%) females and [62 (10.2%) males; age at onset: 27.5 ± 8.5 years; age at assessment: 31.4 ± 9.4 years; disease duration: 6.1 ± 5.5 years for females]. The mean SLEDAI-2 K, SLEDAI-2 KG, and PGA was 11.9 ± 9.3, 16 ± 10.5, and 1.2 ± 0.8, respectively. The correlation between both the SLEDAI-2 KG (r: 0.96, p < 0.001) and PGA (r: 0.5, p < 0.001) and SLEDAI-2 K was statistically significant. The association’s strength between both the SLEDAI-2 KG and PGA and SLEDAI-2 K declined among low activity-patients (SLEDAI-2 K < 6) [(r = 0,4; p < 0.001) (r = 0.2; p = 0.02), respectively], and the SLEDAI-2 KG and PGA were not associated in this subgroup (r: 0.07, p = 0.4). The agreement’s strength between the SLEDAI-2 K and PISCOS-PGA was weak (kappa = 0.17, p < 0.001). The SLEDAI-2 K and SLEDAI-2 KG were comparable predictors for damage and the PGA was a weaker predictor.

Conclusion
The SLEDAI-2 KG and PGA correlated significantly with the SLEDAI-2 K, yet the correlation’s strength declined among low disease activity-patients. The SLEDAI-2 K and SLEDAI-2 KG were comparable predictors for damage.