bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Different Obesity Parameters in Obese Participants with Insulin Resistance
Authors: Ali Ban Hussein , Hussein Ismail Ibrahim , Almaliky Ali Khalid 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Studies found a link between visceral obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Numerous attempts made to discover a link between fat lipotoxicity and IR by measuring waist circumference (WC) or body mass index (BMI). This study investigates the relationship between body adiposity index [BAI], a body shape index [ABSI], BMI, waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], TGI-WC = Triglyceride glucose index-× WC, and TGI-BMI = Triglyceride glucose index-BMI. Homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) is utilized to examine the significance of those indices in the target population with obesity-linked IR in Iraq.

Objective:
The aim is to identify the most relevant obesity index by examining the relationship between multiple obesity indices and IR in obese healthy individuals.

Design and Methods:
100 obese and nonobese patients’ height, weight, and hip circumference were taken. Triglycerides (TGs), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum insulin, and fasting plasma glucose were obtained to calculate HOMA-IR, TGI-WC, and TGI-BMI.

Results:
Healthy adults 18–50 years were divided (obese and not-obese), clinical features were averaged, and standard errors of the mean calculated. Results for the first obese group were blood pressure [BP] = 114 ± 2/75 ± 9, HbA1c=5.76 ± 0.09, TG = 175.26 ± 3.66, fasting blood glucose [FBG] = 111.84 ± 1.57, WC = 106.62 ± 1.68, BMI = 32.02 ± 0.69, while those for the second group were BP = 111 ± 8/70 ± 6, HbA1c = 4.41 ± 0.06, TG = 96.36 ± 2.02, FBG = 82.40 ± 1.48, WC = 83.76 ± 0.85, and BMI = 22.84 ± 0.22. The relationships between obesity indices were analyzed with HOMA-IR being judged to be IR when it acquired a score value of ≥ 2. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient® used to represent was WHR: r = 0.58, P = 0.0001, ABSI: r = 0.44, P = 0.04, BAI: r = 0.50, P = 0.02, TGI-WC: r = 0.89, P = 0.0001, and TGI-BMI: r = 0.74, P = 0.74.

Conclusion:
All of the obesity and lipid-related indices investigated were positively correlated with IR. The use of TGI-WC is recommended since it is straightforward to calculate using accessible laboratory tests; it showed the highest (Pearson’s) coefficient (r = 0.89; P = 0.0001).
Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Recovery in Cold Pressor Hyper-Reactor Young Males
Authors: Adnan Suzan Kameran , Neda Feza Shalal , Al-Gailani Bassam T. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The exaggerated cardiovascular response (hyper-reaction) to the cold pressor test (CPT) can predict whether hypertension will develop later on. The study aims to assess the profile blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) changes during CPT and the recovery from the pressor stimulus.

Subjects and Methods:
Thirty-four participants were asked to immerse their left hand in chilly water for 2 min, and the pressor response in terms of BP and HR changes during the ice-cold water immersion test and for 3 min (at 1-min interval) after the cessation of the test was recorded. The result of BP changes was expressed as a mean BP (MBP). The volunteer responses to CPT were classified as hyper-reactants if the change in BP (∆systolic BP/∆diastolic BP) was ≥22/18 mm.

Results:
The MBP of the systolic hyper-reactor (SHR) and diastolic hyper-reactor (DHR) volunteers was sustained at significantly high levels (by 20% and 25%, respectively) for a longer time (3 min) after the end of CPT relative to normal reactors (NRs). There was no change in MBP upon CPT in NR within the DHR group. The same general behavior was observed with heart rate in both groups (i.e. SHR and DHR).

Conclusion:
The hyper-reactors are characterized by an exaggerated increase in MBP and HR and a longer time for the MBP and HR to return to their baseline levels.
Outcome of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Adult Patient with Sinonasal Polyposis
Authors: Ali Ali Abbas , Ahmed Ahmed Salah , Abdul-Aziz Riyadh Sagban 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Nasal polyps are a common condition. Their etiology remains unclear. Surgical treatment has been refined significantly over the past 20 years with the advent of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in an adult patient with sinonasal polyposis, by measuring the improvement in symptoms during 6 months of follow-up. Furthermore, record complications and recurrence of nasal polyps.

Patients and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted between November 2018 to January 2021, which included (39) patients whom attended the Outpatient Otorhinolaryngological Department of AL-Karkh General Hospital and AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and suffered from sinonasal polyposis. This study included patients above 18 years (of either sex) with bilateral nasal polyposis and whom medical treatment failed. Those patients were evaluated by history taking, clinical examination, and computer tomography scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses. All patients had functional endoscopic sinus surgery and visual analog scale assessments was done (both pre- and postoperatively), which followed up for up to 24 weeks.

Results:
About 79.5% of the patient get improvement in nasal blockage and (66.7%) for hyposmia, (90.5%) for nasal discharge, and (80%) for both headache and postnasal drip associated with significant improvement of symptoms score 24 weeks postoperative to preoperative score for nasal block, hyposmia, nasal discharge, and facial pain, except postnasal drip showed no significant difference. The most frequent complication was a recurrence of polyps, followed by synechiae and minor epistaxis. No major complication was recorded.

Conclusion:
Endoscopic sinus surgery for sinonasal polyposis is an efficient surgical procedure for nasal polyposis, because it provides an approximate field of vision and illumination, good access, and is associated mostly with minor complications.
The Association Zinc Alpha 2 Glycoprotein Levels with Newly Diagnosed of Thyroid Dysfunction in Iraqi Women
Authors: Saeed Haider Ridha Mohammed , Aabdulsattar Sura Ahmed , Al-Samarriae Abdilkarim Y. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
A recently discovered lipolytic adipokine called zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) has been linked to the control of lipid and glucose metabolism in a variety of metabolic diseases. Studies in vivo and in vitro indicate that thyroid hormones (THs) increase the production of ZAG in hepatocytes. Yet, there is little information on how TH might interact with ZAG in a human hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism model. This study aimed to assess the effect of THs on serum ZAG and its relation to lipid disorder in Iraqi women, who have recently been diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction.

Materials and Methods:
A case–control study was performed at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry/Medicine College in cooperation with National Diabetes Center/University of Mustansiriyah from January 2021 to February 2022. One hundred thirty-two samples were included in this study, all participants are women aged between 21 and 54 years, which were divided into three groups: (44) subjects serve as a control group, (44) patients with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism, and (44) patients with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism.

Results:
The results of the current study had shown that the levels of serum ZAG elevated in the patients who have been newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism (P ≤ 0.001) and decreased in patients with hypothyroidism (P ≤ 0.001) when compared with control. Patients with hyperthyroidism have low levels of cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), while patients with hypothyroidism have higher levels of cholesterol, TG, HDL, and VLDL. Nonetheless, there were no significant correlations between the ZAG and TH with lipid profile in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

Conclusion:
ZAG levels were elevated in patients with hyperthyroidism and decreased in patients with hypothyroidism. There is no correlation between the ZAG and TH with lipid profile in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
Analysis of Correlation between the Important Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes (CagA, SabA and Oip) and Gastric Epithelial Stem Cells (LGR5) in Patients with Gastric Disease
Authors: Abdullah Safyia Khalid , Bakir Wasan Abd , Alsikafi Mais Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Gastric diseases are commonly caused by Helicobacter pylori, by colonizing the mucosa of the gastric epithelium in more than half of the population worldwide. It has the ability for adhering to gastric epithelium, with an important aspect of the pathogenicity of the microorganism facilitating the transport of certain proteins such as CagA, sialic acid-binding adhesion (SabA), and outer inflammatory protein (Oip) into that epithelium. The LGR5 are markers that were recognized as cancer stem cells marker that have prognostic value in some disorders such as gastric cancers (GCs), metaplasia, and inflammation of gastric mucosa. This study aimed for determining the association between expression of LGR5 in patients with gastric diseases and the presence of some virulence genes (CagA, SabA and Oip).

Patients, Material and Methods:
For the 140 patients enrolled H. pylori virulence factors including (CagA, SabA and Oip) was detected using Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction, while LGR5 expressions were carried out via immunohistochemistry.

Results:
SabA and Oip was significant difference with gastric disease such as GC, gastric metaplasia and gastritis with and without H. pylori. While no significant difference Cag gene with gastric disease due to all patient have Cag gene. LGR5 stem cell marker expression has significant difference with GC and gastric metaplasia.

Conclusion:
There was a significant increase in H. pylori Ag (SabA and Oip) expression among patients with gastric disease compared to the apparently normal individuals this might be able to be that H. pylori as one of the risk factor for developing cancer. However, no significant between H. pylori Cag Ag expression among patients with gastric disease due to all the patients infected with H. pylori has Cag gene (100%). It is suggested that LGR5 may play an important role in gastric carcinoma formation and may be used as a potential marker for the progression in patients with gastric disease.
Study of the Link between Ligament Laxity and the Occurrence of Idiopathic Scoliosis in Adolescents
Authors: Belabbassi Hanène , Ziane Sarrah Ait , Bouamra Abderezzak , Kaced Houria 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The objective of our study is to investigate the relationship between ligament hyperlaxity and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) within other risk factors.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a matched case–control study in adolescents aged 9–15 years. We matched the age and sex of adolescents with AIS to their healthy controls. The AIS is defined by a Cobb angle of 10° and the ligament hyperlaxity is defined by a Beighton score ≥4. The two parameters were identified blindly. Other risk factors for AIS were analyzed. The multivariate analysis by simple logistic regression was carried out.

Results:
We analyzed 430 adolescents, among them 215 subjects with AIS were paired with 215 healthy controls. The sex ratio (female/male) is 1.46. Scoliotics showed a significantly higher rate of joint hyperlaxity than controls, P < 0.003 (61.4% vs. 46.5%) with an odds ratio (Orb) of 1.83 confidence interval (CI) (1.25–2.68). The multivariate analysis by logistic regression revealed three predictors of AIS which are ligament hyperlaxity ORa = 1.82 CI (1.23–2.69) P < 0.003, the existence of similar cases in the ORa family = 1.94 (1.24–3.03) P < 0.002 and a trunk growth spurt ≥4 cm/6 months ORa = 1.62 (1.09–2.4) P < 0.02.

Conclusion:
There is a potential relationship between ligament hyperlaxity and the occurrence of idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents. Two other predictors were detected, similar cases of scoliosis in the family and the trunk growth spurt.
Caudal Septal Deviation Surgical Techniques
Authors: Hassen Nasir Usama 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Caudal septal repair is hard to confront in otolaryngology and plastic surgeon, due to cartilage memory. It causes nasal obstruction or esthetical problems to the nasal base and columella. Although different modalities have been described for the treatment of this abnormality, these techniques not only improve the function but also preserve or improve the appearance of the nose.

Objective:
The objective was to discuss the different surgical conservative procedures that can be used to treat alterations of the caudal septum and change the position of the cartilage in the midline and find which is the best.

Patients and Methods:
A descriptive study was conducted on 40 patients who aged 20–40 years, had attended the Otolaryngology Outpatient Clinic in Al Karama Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, between October 2016 and March 2020, and with a history of obstructed nose; conservative nasal septal surgery was done for them depending on the severity.

Results:
Regarding the result of the type of surgery, the patients were satisfied with their esthetic and functional perfection; patients with preoperative nasal obstruction reported improved breathing. In scoring technique with (NOSE) score pre and postoparative results were 58.21 and 22.66, in reshaping technique were 60.66 and 17.21 as a pre and postoparative results and in batten graft the results were 62.34 and 20.26 as a pre and postoparative results alternatively. Reshaping and batten graft techniques are better results than the scoring technique.

Conclusion:
The study outcomes that the approaches for improvement of caudal septal deviation are safe and effective. The approach of surgery will depend on the severity of the deviation.
Contrubution to the earthworm fauna of Edirne province Türkiye (Clitellata, Megadrili)
Authors: KOÇ Kübra , MISIRLIOĞLU İbrahim Mete , ÇALIŞKAN Hakan 
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted between September 2019 - June 2021 to determine the earthworm fauna of Edirne province. For this purpose, 79 samples were collected from 14 localities within the borders of Edirne Province. Identification of the samples collected resulted in recording 9 species belonging to 5 genera as follows; Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826), Aporrectodea dubiosa dubiosa (Örley, 1881), Aporrectodea jassyensis jassyensis (Michaelsen, 1891), Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826), Aporrectodea trapezoides (Duges, 1828), Eiseniella tetraedra tetraedra (Savigny, 1826), Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1843, Octodrilus transpadanus (Rosa, 1884), Octolasion lacteum (Örley, 1881).
The species Aporrectodea dubiosa dubiosa (Örley, 1881) and Octolasion lacteum (Örley, 1881) were recorded for the first time from the Thracian part of the Marmara region.
Antalya’daki bazı Lagoecia cumminoides L. popülasyonlarının uçucu yağ içerikleri
Authors: ELMASULU Safinaz , ÇINAR Ahu , ÇINAR Orçun 
Published: August 2023

Umbelliferae ailesinde yer alan Lagoecia cinsi ülkemiz doğal florasında cinse ait tek tür olan L. cuminoides ile temsil edilmektedir. Tek yıllık otsu bir bitki olan L. cuminoides ülkemizde Nisan-Haziran aylarında çiçeklenmekte ve deniz seviyesinden 1100 m yüksekliklere kadar yayılış göstermektedir. Yabani kimyon olarak adlandırılan bitkinin uçucu yağında ana bileşen olarak yüksek miktarda thymol bulunmaktadır. Geçmişte kimyon yerine kullanılan bitkinin diş ağrısında bir çeşit analjezik olarak, anti-epileptik ve safra taşı önleyici ilaç olarak kullanılmasının yanısıra yayılış gösterdiği yerlerde çay olarak tüketiminin olduğu da bilinmektedir.
Antalya’nın batı (Kemer), merkez (Aksu) ve doğusunu (Alanya) temsil eden üç farklı lokasyondan toplanan örneklerden su distilasyonu ile elde edilen uçucu yağlara ait uçucu yağ bileşenlerinin GC/-MS-FID ile analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre uçucu yağ verimleri 1.66 (Kemer), 0.47 (Aksu) ve 0.93 % (Alanya) ve uçucu yağ ana bileşeni thymol ise sırasıyla 89.57, 83.54 ve 72.55, % oranlarında tespit edilmiştir. Dikkat çeken diğer uçucu yağ bileşenleri ise sırasıyla cymene için (4.66, 5.29 ve 7.39%) ve γ-terpinene için (3.74, 7.24 ve 14.97%) olarak belirlenmiştir.
Analisis Sentimen Pengguna Twitter Terhadap Layanan Provider Indihome Menggunakan Algoritma Naive Bayes
Authors: Hartatik Hartatik , Enggar Aziz Hibbannuari Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Indihome merupakan salah satu penyediaan layanan internet (ISP) yang ada di Indonesia yang jangkauan layanan sudah tercakup ke seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Sebuah penyedia layanan seperti Indihome pasti memiliki keluhan atau aduan tentang kepuasan atau kelayakan menggunakan Indihome, melalui data pengguna Twitter untuk mendapatkan akurasi nilai positif dan negatif terhadap layanan Indihome. Menggunakan data tweet pada Twitter merupakan memanfaatkan layanan yang disediakan untuk keluhan ataupun aduan terhadap Indihome. Pengambilan data tweet pada Twitter menggunakan script Bahasa Python. Data tersebut di klasikasi menggunakan Naive Bayes Classifier. Naive Bayes Classifier merupakan algoritma yang memanfaatkan perhitungan probabilitas dan statistik yang dikemukakan oleh Ilmuwan Inggris Thomas Bayes, yaitu memprediksi probabilitas di masa mendatang berdasarkan data pada masa sebelumnya. Analisis Sentimen memiliki tahapan yaitu crawling, pre-processing, pembobotan kata, pembentukan model dan klasifikasi sentimen. Pada pembobotan kata digunakan metode TF - IDF. Data yang ada akan diklasifikasikan ke dalam 2 kelas, yaitu positif dan negatif. Data tersebut akan diuji melalui confusion matrix dengan parameter akurasi, recall dan precision
Aplikasi Multimedia Belajar Matematika Dasar Untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Syaefudin Achmad , Yusti Annasya Bela 
Published: August 2023

Rendahnya minat belajar matematika dasar untuk anak usia dini salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan guru secara konvensional, hal ini menyebabkan siswa merasa kesulitan dalam memahami materi pelajaran matematika khususnya matematika dasar untuk anak usia dini. Dari permasalahan tersebut perlunya penerapan metode pembelajaran yang menyenangkan sehingga dapat menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa dan mempermudah dalam memahami materi pelajaran, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pembelajaran multimedia interaktif dalam bentuk aplikasi multimedia semenarik mungkin, sehingga aplikasi multimedia ini mampu menambah minat dan daya tarik anak usia dini untuk belajar matematika dasar. Aplikasi ini juga dapat mempermudah dan membantu anak dalam memahami materi pelajaran khususnya pembelajaran matematika untuk anak usia dini.
ANALISA SENTIMEN MAHASISWA TERHADAP LAYANAN STMIK PRIMAKARA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES DAN K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR
Authors: I Komang Andi Sugiarta  , Anugrah Cahya Dewi Putri , Nengah Widya Utami  
Published: August 2023

STMIK Primakara setiap tahunnya selalu melakukan analisa kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap layanan yang disediakan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner. Namun dalam menganalisa kuesioner tersebut, Pusat Penjaminan Mutu masih melakukan secara manual, dimana proses ini akan memerlukan waktu yang lebih lama. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut peneliti merasa perlu dilakukan penelitian analisa sentimen terhadap komentar mahasiswa dengan menggunakan algoritma Naive Bayes dan KNN. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan data uji sebanyak 261 data uji diperoleh jumlah prediksi sentimen positif sebanyak 67 data, netral sebanyak 55 data, dan negatif sebanyak 144, hasil tersebut menandakan bahwa beberapa layanan dinilai masih kurang maksimal seperti wifi, parkir, ac, komputer dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan perhitungan confution matrix KNN unggul di tiga percobaan split data dengan tingkat accuracy sebesar 79.03%, 78.93%, dan 85.06%. Sedangkan algoritma naive bayes hanya memperoleh tinggkat accuracy sebesar 68.67%, 65.33%, dan 64.37%. Hal ini menadakan KNN memiliki kinerja yang cukup baik dalam melakukan analisa sentimen pada komentar mahasiswa.
Nitrogen oxides emissions from selected cities in North America, Europe, and East Asia observed by the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lonsdale Chantelle R. , Sun Kang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) emissions are estimated in three regions in the Northern Hemisphere,
generally located in North America, Europe, and East Asia, by calculating the directional derivatives of NO2 column amounts observed by
the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) with respect to the horizontal wind vectors. We present monthly averaged emissions from 1 May 2018 to 31 January 2023 to
capture variations before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We focus on a diverse collection of 54 cities, 18 in each region. A spatial resolution of
0.04∘ resolves intracity emission variations and reveals NOx emission hotspots at city cores, industrial areas, and sea
ports. For each selected city, post-COVID-19 changes in NOx emissions are estimated by comparing monthly and annually averaged
values to the pre-COVID-19 year of 2019. While emission reductions are initially found during the first outbreak of COVID-19 in early 2020 in most
cities, the cities' paths diverge afterwards. We group the selected cities into four clusters according to their normalized annual NOx
emissions in 2019–2022 using an unsupervised learning algorithm. All but one of the selected North American cities fall into cluster 1 characterized by
weak emission reduction in 2020 (−7 % relative to 2019) and an increase in 2022 by +5 %. Cluster 2 contains mostly European cities and is
characterized by the largest reduction in 2020 (−31 %), whereas the selected East Asian cities generally fall into clusters 3 and 4, with the
largest impacts in 2022 (−25 % and −37 %). This directional derivative approach has been implemented in object-oriented, open-source Python and
is available publicly for high-resolution and low-latency emission estimation for different regions, atmospheric species, and satellite instruments.