bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local internal demagnetizing fields as one of the main fundamental reasons for the low density of critical current in twinned YBa2Cu3O7 − x
HTSCs
Authors: Rostami Khalil R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
An oscillatory differential method of local approximation is applied to study the effect of local internal and external demagnetizing fields on the density of the critical current J
c of intertwin Josephson weak links in YBCO HTSC samples. Demagnetizing fields H
D1 and H
D2 of samples with different J
c and twin size d are measured in the zero field cooling and zero field cooling with magnetic flux accumulation modes. The following parameters are determined: the twin size d, the thermodynamic first critical magnetic fields of twins Hi

c1, the demagnetizing fields of twins H
Dtr, the densities of intertwin effective critical currents J
ceff, the critical pinning currents J
cp, and the Meissner screening critical currents J
cg. It is shown that, at the fields Hi

c1, large twins are stepwise decomposed into a group of smaller twins with close demagnetizing factors. It is found that an increase in J
cg and J
ceff and a decrease in d lead, on the one hand, to a decrease in J
c due to an increase in H
D and H
Dtr produced by J
ceff and J
cg, and, on the other hand, to an increase in J
ceff and J
cg due to a decrease in d. For samples with large J
c and d, as well as for samples with low values of J
c and d in a field of about 8 × 10−2 T, H
D and H
Dtr suppress J
c by about 70% and 60%, respectively. According to the results obtained in the present study and the known literature data, J
c decreases with increasing J
cg; in this case, a decrease in d leads to a decrease, rather than an increase, in J
c. Since the weak links and low values of J
c are fundamental properties of HTSCs, the literature data should be corrected with regard to the important facts on the effect of H
D and H
Dtr on J
c.
Versatile and effective design platform for surface acoustic wave accelerometers
Authors: Kuang Linjuan , Zhou Jian , Guo Yihao , Duan Huigao , Fu Yong Qing (Richard) 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers have great potentials for applications in aerospace, autonomous driving and consumer electronics. However, their working principles are mostly based on capacitive and resistance types, which cannot be easily and effectively used for wireless and passive sensing, while surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology is the key solution for this problem. Due to complex acoustic-electric-mechanical coupling during SAW accelerators’ operations, currently, there needs an accurate, reliable, and efficient design and simulation platform to improve their structure and performance. In this work, we proposed an accurate, reliable, and efficient modeling platform to optimize designs of SAW accelerometers, using a double-ended cantilever beam structure as an example. This model integrated the elastic acoustic effect and the coupled wave equations under both the mechanical and electrical loading using the finite element analysis, and effectively obtained acceleration-frequency responses of the SAW accelerators. We have systematically simulated effects of thickness of piezoelectric film, wavelength, and structural parameters of cantilever beams, and the simulation results are well consistent with the theoretical ones. Finally, using the developed model, we designed a high-G SAW accelerometer (up to 20000 g) with a high sensitivity (−41.8 Hz g−1) and excellent linearity (0.9999), and another one with a high sensitivity (3.02 KHz g−1) and a good linearity (0.9999) over a 100 g acceleration range.
Indications of octupole correlation in 84Sr
Authors: Anuj  , Kumar S , Kumar Naveen , Rajput Neelam , Rojeeta Devi K , Kumar Neeraj , Ahmad C V , Banerjee Akashrup , Rohilla Aman , Gupta C K , Pandey Anand , Bhushan Ravi , Gupta Unnati , Mandal S K , Bhattacharjee S S , Arora Divya , Garg R , Bala Indu , Kumar Rakesh , Singh R P , Muralithar S , Jyothi V V , Majumder Chandrani , Sharma Hariprakash , Sharma Anupriya , Dhiman S K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Excited states in the 84Sr nucleus were investigated via the 76Ge(12C,4n)84Sr reaction at a beam energy of 58 MeV. The de-excited γ-rays were detected using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) spectrometer at Inter-University Accelerator Center, New Delhi. Directional Correlation from Oriented (DCO) states ratio and the polarization asymmetry (Δ) measurements were done to confirm the spin-parity of the low-lying states. Eight new γ-ray transitions were placed in the level scheme of 84Sr. The systematic behaviour of energy staggering S(I) of the γ-band (Band 1 and Band 2) was compared with the γ-bands in the mass A ≈ 80 region and the nuclei of other mass regions with similar behaviour (odd-I down). The E1 character is confirmed for strong γ-ray transitions connecting Band 3 to the Yrast band. Comparison of new results such as B(E1)/B(E2) ratio, frequency ratio ω
−/ω
+ and energy displacement ΔE in 84Sr with those of 72Se, 150Sm, 152Gd, 220Ra and 224Th nuclei suggests the presence of octupole correlations in 84Sr.
Integration of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and microbiome data highlights the impact of sulfate-reducing bacteria on Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Guo Xingzhi , Zhang Xin , Tang Peng , Chong Li , Li Rui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
observational studies have indicated that gut microbiome dysbiosis was associated with Alzheimer’s disease (ad). However, the results are largely inconsistent and it remains unknown whether the association is causal in nature.

Methods
leveraging observational studies and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on the gut microbiome in ad patients, we pooled the microbiome data (N = 1,109) to screen the microbiota significantly altered in ad patients and then conducted Mendelian randomisation (MR) study to determine the causal associations between altered microbiota (N = 18,340) and ad using two different ad GWAS datasets (N = 63,926 and N = 472,868) using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method.

Results
the combined effect sizes from observational studies showed that 8 phyla, 18 classes, 22 orders, 37 families, 78 genera and 109 species significantly changed in ad patients. Using the MR analysis, we found that two classes, one order, one family and one genus were suggestively associated with ad consistently in two different GWAS datasets. Both observational studies and MR analysis simultaneously showed that Desulfovibrionales (order) and Desulfovibrionaceae (family), which were mainly implicated in dissimilatory sulfate reduction, were significantly associated with an elevated risk of ad.

Conclusions
our findings demonstrated that the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria was increased in ad patients, which was causally linked to an increased risk of ad. Further efforts are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanisms, which will provide new insight into the prevention and treatment of ad.
Always Silent? Exploring Contextual Conditions for Nonresponses to Vote Intention Questions at the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election
Authors: Camatarri Stefano , Luartz Lewis A , Gallina Marta 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nonresponses to vote intention questions notoriously impact the quality of electoral predictions. This issue has gained visibility in the US due to the aftermath of the 2020 presidential election. Indeed, the failure of many major pollsters in predicting election results in several key states stimulated a renewed attention for the so-called shy Trump supporter hypothesis, according to which Trump supporters would be more likely to hide their vote preference in electoral surveys due to social desirability bias. Interestingly, extant studies generally overlook the role that the socio-political environments could play in respondent decisions to disclose one’s own political preferences. In this research note, we test the effect of local political climate on survey respondents’ willingness to express their vote intentions, conditional on their ideological orientations. We test our hypotheses by means of logistic regressions on data from the 2020 Cooperative Election Study, matched with prior presidential election results at the county level using data from the MIT Election Data and Science Lab. Our findings suggest the political–electoral context of respondents is likely to trigger a social desirability mechanism leading to reticence about one’s own preferred political options within the 2020 presidential election. This pattern applies especially to conservative-leaning respondents.
Correcting the ‘grossest faults’: Charles Jennens and the Composition of Handel’s Messiah
Authors: Burrows Donald 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The correspondence between Charles Jennens and Edward Holdsworth includes criticisms by Jennens, sometimes trenchant, of Handel’s setting of the text in Messiah. A fresh detailed examination of the musical sources, building on work previously presented in Music & Letters, has revealed more specific evidence for the substance of Jennens’s criticisms. Handel’s performing score of Messiah has a large number of alterations to the verbal text by Jennens, and further alterations are found in a manuscript score of the oratorio from his library. By putting together the musical and documentary evidence it is possible to assess when Jennens made these alterations, the effect that they may have had on Handel’s performances, and the extent to which Handel accepted or rejected his librettist’s suggestions or demands. These matters are particularly relevant to Handel’s first London performances of Messiah, in 1743 and 1745. Although most of the accessible evidence concerns the verbal text and its setting, the musical sources also provide a few clues to Jennens’s criticisms of the musical composition. The article presents comparative transcriptions of passages in ‘I know that my Redeemer liveth’ as found in Handel’s autograph, Jennens’s score, and Walsh’s editions, with interpretation of the differences in the light of Jennens’s comments. It also suggests that the ‘Aylesford’ copies of Messiah, taken together, reveal Jennens’s preferred scheme for the movements of the oratorio.
“Laboratories against Democracy” and the Case against Federalism
Authors: Hopkins Daniel J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We are living through a renaissance in studies of politics and policymaking in the American states, and Jacob Grumbach’s pathbreaking book Laboratories against Democracy extends this remarkable streak. This important book tracks questions about nationalization, federalism, policymaking, and democracy across the traditional subfield boundaries of American politics. Indeed, the book’s attention to the role of political parties and federalist institutions in our nationalized politics provides a critical counterweight given prior research’s emphasis on political behavior. Grumbach’s book also expands the scope of outcomes under consideration, as it takes up the relationship between nationalization and democratic backsliding. While I voice some skepticism about the claim that federalism exacerbates contemporary threats to American democracy, this incisive book demands consideration, and is in many respects a model of synthetic scholarship.
Steroid Efficacy on Audiologic Recovery in Patients With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Vestibular Schwannoma: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Huynh Pauline P. , Saba Elias S. , Hoerter Jacob E. , Jiang Nancy 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The objectives of this study are to (i) estimate the incidence of vestibular schwannoma (VS) among patients in an integrated healthcare system who present for evaluation of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and (ii) evaluate the efficacy of empiric steroid therapy on audiologic recovery among SSNHL patients ultimately diagnosed with VS.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed on patients presenting with SSNHL in 2021 at a multicenter integrated healthcare system serving over 4 million members. Patient demographics, audiometric data, VS diagnosis, therapeutic steroid intervention, and data regarding treatment response were recorded. A clinically significant audiometric improvement was defined as (i) an increase of 15% in word recognition score, (ii) a decrease of 15 dB in four-frequency pure-tone average (PTA) using frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, or (iii) a PTA of <20 dB on follow-up audiogram.

Results
Six hundred fifty-eight patients were reviewed, of which 309 (56.0% male; mean, 57.5 years) met the inclusion criteria with audiometric data and magnetic resonance imaging data. Ten patients (70.0% male; mean, 51.3 years) were found to have VS. Of these, five patients received oral steroid therapy alone, and five had combination therapy (oral + intratympanic steroid injections). No patients received intratympanic steroid therapy alone. Median PTA improvement with steroid therapy was 3.1-dB hearing loss, and median word recognition score improvement was 16.5%. Six of 10 patients demonstrated clinically significant audiometric improvement with steroid therapy.

Conclusion
This study represents the largest US-based study showcasing the prevalence of VS in patients originally presenting with SSNHL. It also reinforces previous findings that VS does not preclude trials of steroid therapy.
Cochlear Implant Outcomes between Patients with Sporadic and Neurofibromatosis Type 2–Associated Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Dornhoffer James R. , Haller Travis , Lohse Christine M. , Driscoll Colin L.W. , Neff Brian A. , Saoji Aniket , Link Michael J. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: July 2023

Objective
Compare cochlear implant (CI) performance between patients with ipsilateral sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) and NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2). Compare CI performance according to VS management modality.

Study Design
Historical cohort.

Setting
Tertiary academic center.

Patients
Forty-nine patients (52 ears) undergoing cochlear implantation in the setting of ipsilateral sporadic (n = 21) or NF2-associated VS (n = 28).

Interventions
CI ipsilateral to VS.

Main Outcome Measures
Auditory thresholds, consonant–nucleus–consonant (CNC) word scores, and AzBio sentences in quiet scores.

Results
Among all patients, median post-CI pure tone average was 28 dB HL (interquartile range [IQR], 21–38), CNC word score was 39% (IQR, 6–62), and AzBio sentences in quiet score was 60% (IQR, 11–83) at a median of 12.5 months postimplantation. Despite the NF2 cohort having larger tumors, when comparing patients with sporadic versus NF2-associated VS, there were no statistically significant differences in CNC word (49% [30–70] vs. 31% [0–52]) or AzBio sentences in quiet (66% [28–80] vs. 57% [5–83]) scores. Regardless of NF2 status, all patients managed with observation, and radiosurgery achieved open-set speech. In patients who underwent microsurgery, 6 (46%) of 13 with NF2 achieved open-set speech recognition compared with 4 (67%) of 6 with sporadic disease.

Conclusion
Select patients with VS achieve successful hearing rehabilitation with a CI. In this cohort, tumor management strategy significantly influenced CI performance, whereas differences in NF2 status exhibited less effect. Specifically, all patients managed with observation or radiosurgery achieved open-set speech perception, whereas approximately half of people with NF2-related VS and two-thirds of people with sporadic VS achieved this outcome after tumor microsurgery. When disease permits, observation and radiosurgery should be considered in patients who may later pursue a CI.
Text mining and data analysis identifies potential drugs and pathways for polycystic ovary syndrome treatment
Authors: Yuan Xiao-Jing , Wang Yan , Yang Hai-Yan , Zhao Bin 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. This study aimed to use text mining and microarray data analysis to identify drugs that target genes and potential pathways associated with PCOS.

Methods:
We extracted a common set of genes associated with PCOS using text mining and the microarray dataset GSE48301. Next, we performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of these genes, as well as protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Additionally, we used MCODE and cytoHubba to cluster significant common genes in the PPI network and performed gene-drug interaction analyses to identify potential drugs for further investigation. Finally, we annotated pathways associated with the genes identified.

Results:
Text mining and microarray analysis yielded 696 text mining genes (TMGs) and 2,804 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among these, a set of 77 genes was found in both TMGs and DEGs. Interestingly, 67 of these genes participated in constructing the PPI network. Seven common hub genes were selected using the MCODE and CytoHubba methods. Finally, five out of seven genes were targeted by 15 existing drugs.

Conclusion:
Four genes (FASLG, IL13, IL17A, and IL2RA), which are mainly related to the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, could be prioritized as targets for PCOS.
Factors Affecting Psychosocial Adjustment in Persons With a Recent Ostomy
Authors: Doucette Jeffrey E. , Mawn Barbara E. , Beitz Janice M. , Koren Ainat 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to examine the influence of personal and clinical factors on psychosocial adjustment in persons living with an ostomy for less than 1 year.DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey.SUBJECTS AND SETTING:The study sample comprised 183 adult individuals who had a colostomy, ileostomy, or urostomy for less than 1 year, residing in the Northeastern United States.METHODS:Data were collected from May through November 2018 using 2 instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Ostomy Adjustment Inventory-23 (OAI-23). The OAI-23 items measured 4 psychosocial subscales: acceptance, anxious preoccupation, social engagement, and anger. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of variance, Cramer's V correlations, and multiple regression.RESULTS:Univariate analysis indicated that factors influencing psychosocial adjustment to an ostomy include age, assistance with care, educational background, stomal type, body mass index, ostomy height, preoperative education, and stoma siting. Multivariate analysis of variance identified that those who reported independence with ostomy care experienced higher levels of adjustment in all areas of the OAI-23.CONCLUSIONS:Findings from this study may assist nurses and other care providers to better understand the physical and emotional needs of those with ostomies and to identify interventions to promote optimal health in this population.
Effects of brand spokes-characters with personal and historical nostalgia on brand attitude: evidence from Generation Z consumers in China
Authors: Jiang Huanshu , Ge Jiaoju , Yao Jie 
Published: July 2023

PurposeUsing Generation Z consumers from China as an example and focusing on the nostalgia-driven design of brand spokes-character, this study sought to update research on the causal relationship between nostalgia and brand attitude for younger consumers. Two types of nostalgic brand spokes-characters (i.e., eliciting personal nostalgia and historical nostalgia) were examined separately and compared to verify their contributions to more positive brand attitude, as well as related mechanisms, that is, whether consumer trust in the spokes-character mediated the relationship between nostalgic spokes-characters and brand attitude.Design/methodology/approachAn experiment was first conducted to test the causal effects of brand spokes-characters designed to elicit two types of nostalgic feelings (i.e., personal nostalgia and historical nostalgia). Then, the authors investigated the influencing mechanism of nostalgic brand spokes-characters based on bootstrap mediation models.FindingsThe results revealed that for less familiar brand spokes-characters, either type of nostalgia-driven design would enhance consumers' brand attitude. Moreover, consumer trust in the spokes-character mediated the relationship between personal-nostalgic brand spokes-characters and brand attitude.Originality/valueThis study was the first to examine personal nostalgia and historical nostalgia separately regarding the effects of nostalgic spokes-characters and related mechanisms. By combining methods of experimental design and bootstrap mediation modeling, it provided a more robust evaluation of nostalgia-driven design, and supported using certain nostalgic styles for designing brand spokes-characters, which can help modern brands draw more interest from young consumers and promote more positive brand attitude.
Identification and functional characterization of female antennae‐biased odorant receptor 23 involved in acetophenone detection of the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhu Xiaoyan , Kang Guoqing , Yu Qiling , Liu Qingxin , Du Lin , Yang Yi , He Xinyu , Zhao Ying , Zhang Junjie , Hu Ying , Ren Bingzhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a globally distributed storage pest, relies on odors that are emitted from stored foods to select a suitable substrate for oviposition. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the chemical communication between P. interpunctella and its host remains elusive. In this study, 130 chemosensory genes were identified from the transcriptomes of 7 P. interpunctella tissues, and the quantitative expression levels of all 56 P. interpunctella odorant receptor genes (PintORs) were validated using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The functional characteristics of 5 PintORs with female antennae‐biased expression were investigated using 2‐electrode voltage clamp recordings in Xenopus laevis oocytes. PintOR23 was found to be specifically tuned to acetophenone. Acetophenone could elicit a significant electrophysiological response and only attracted mated females when compared with males and virgin females. In addition, molecular docking predicted that the hydrogen bonding sites, TRP‐335 and ALA‐167, might play key roles in the binding of PintOR23 to acetophenone. Our study provides valuable insights into the olfactory mechanism of oviposition substrate detection and localization in P. interpunctella and points toward the possibility of developing eco‐friendly odorant agents to control pests of stored products.
Fossil Equidae in the Linxia Basin with Biostratigraphic and Paleozoogeographic Significance
Authors: SUN Boyang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments, that contain exceptionally rich fossil resources. Equids are abundant in the Linxia Basin, the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 genera. In comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China, the Linxia Basin stands out, because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for biostratigraphy. The anchitheriines in the region, such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus, represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene, respectively. Among the equines, most species of Chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for China. Furthermore, Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well‐represented at the Longdan locality. Some species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high‐resolution chronological units within this framework. Located at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift, the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.