bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keywords of the manosphere
Authors: McGlashan Mark , Krendel Alexandra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper examines language used in five of the largest manosphere communities on Reddit (r/TheRedPill, r/braincels, r/MensRights, r/seduction, and r/MGTOW) to identify idiosyncratic language use within these communities. To do so, a novel methodology which combines key-key-word analysis with notions from set theory was used to identify and compare keywords between corpora and to find keywords that are used uniquely within – and thus are distinctive to – these five separate communities. The paper achieves the following: it (i) presents a novel method for identifying what we term ‘complement keywords’ (keywords that are not shared between multiple different corpora when compared against the same reference corpus), and (ii) explores idiosyncratic language use in five separate manosphere communities. The analysis first examines interdiscursive relationships between communities emerging from the complement keywords identified before discussing community-specific preoccupations emergent in the idiosyncratic language use found in these five communities.
Cyclic oxidation and hot corrosion performance of direct metal laser sintered and wrought alloy 718 at 800°C in air and molten salts containing Na2SO4, V2O5 and NaCl
Authors: Muthu S. M. , Veeman Dhinakaran , Paul Shiladitya , Prem Kumar M. 
Published: August 2023

The main aim of this research work is to investigate the high-temperature cyclic corrosion performance of the wrought and direct metal laser sintered (DMLS) alloy 718 in the air and molten salts NaCl-90%Na2SO4 and three salt mixture (3SM) Na2SO4-10%V2O5-10%NaCl atmosphere for 120 h at 800°C. The microstructure of the wrought and DMLS alloy illustrated the austenitic and dendrite structure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to evaluate the structure and phase constitutions of the scale. Visual and microstructural evaluation of the alloy post-exposure indicates that corrosion is more prevalent in molten salt conditions, when compared to air, and Cl-species induced the active oxidation in molten salt. The oxide film development and damage mechanism were detailed and explained by a cross-sectional investigation. Significant spalling and sputtering were also noticed in the S3 salt mixture. This might be attributed to the rapid formation of oxide scales by vanadate, followed by dissolution of the oxide in molten sulphate and chloride. The results divulged that both AM-built and wrought alloy exhibited the similar corrosion properties and both the alloys were undergone severe degradation in MS condition. Highlights Alloy 718 was fabricated successfully by the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) method. Cyclic high-temperature oxidation and corrosion of the alloy were studied at 800°C. The oxidised sample exhibits a lower weight gain with no damage. Due to chlorination and sulfidation, the corroded samples exhibited more oxidation and susceptible.
Influence of applied magnetic field in an air-breathing microwave plasma cathode
Authors: Tisaev M , Karadag B , Fabris A Lucca 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The air-breathing electric propulsion concept refers to a spacecraft in very-low Earth orbit (VLEO) ingesting upper atmospheric air as propellant for an electric thruster. This compensates atmospheric drag and allows the spacecraft to maintain its orbital altitude, removing the need for on-board propellant storage and allowing an extended mission duration which is not limited by propellant exhaustion. There is a need for development of a robust, high current density and long life cathode (or neutralizer) for air-breathing electrostatic thrusters as conventional thermionic hollow cathodes are susceptible to oxygen poisoning. An Air-breathing Microwave Plasma CAThode is proposed to overcome this issue through the use of a microwave plasma discharge, producing an extracted current in the order of 1 A with 0.1 mg s−1 of air. In this paper, the effect of varying magnetic-field strength and topology is investigated by using an electromagnet coil, which reveals a significantly different behaviour for air compared to xenon. The extracted current with xenon increases by 3.9 times from the zero-field value up to a peak around 150 mT magnetic-field strength at the antenna, whereas an applied field does not increase the extracted current with air at nominal conditions. A non-zero magnetic-field with air is however beneficial for current extraction at reduced neutral densities. A distinct increase in extracted current is identified at low bias voltages with air for a field strength of around 50 mT at the internal microwave antenna, consistent across varying field topologies. The effect of a lowered magnetic-field strength in the orifice region is investigated through the use of a secondary coil, resulting in an extracted current increase of 25% for a relaxation from 6 mT to 1 mT, and demonstrating the beneficial impact of a locally reduced field strength on electron extraction.
A pre-seismic anomaly detection approach based on graph attention isomorphism network
Authors: Huang Yongming , Shi Wen , Zhu Kun’ao , Qiu Hongbin , Lu Yong , Liu Gaochuan , Zhang Guobao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pre-seismic anomaly detection plays a crucial role in reducing economic losses and casualties caused by earthquakes. This paper proposes a novel four-step approach for pre-seismic anomaly detection. In the first step, a series of pre-seismic features are extracted by analyzing the earthquake catalog and geomagnetic signals. In the second step, the multi-view learning strategy is employed to obtain fusion features. In the third step, multiple seismic stations in one seismic zone are treated as a seismic station network, and a pre-seismic anomaly detection model is constructed based on the station network. In the final step, four evaluation indicators are introduced to comprehensively evaluate the detection results. Verification results show that the proposed method is effective and achieves better performance than other existing methods.
Dynamic characteristics analysis of an aeroengine rotor system subjected to aerodynamic excitation
Authors: Shao Jun , Wu Jigang , Zhang Yuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the dynamic characteristics of an aeroengine rotor subjected to aerodynamic excitation. Firstly, the dynamic model of the turbo-shaft engine rotor system is established by means of finite element (FE) method, taking into account the blade-tip clearance-induced aerodynamic force and oil-film force induced by squeeze film damper. Next, the critical speeds and mode shapes of the rotor are achieved by calculation, simulation and experiment to illustrate the validity of the established model. Then, using bifurcation diagram, rotating orbit and time-domain waveform, the dynamic responses of the turbo-shaft engine high-pressure (HP) rotor with aerodynamic excitation are analyzed, and the effects of blade-tip clearance, inlet and outlet angles on the dynamic responses of the rotor are discussed, respectively. The numerical results reveal that the system maintains a stable-periodic motion at low-speed region. In contrast, at high-speed region, there is a noticeable appearance of instability. Besides, the magnitude of the response decreases with the growth of the blade-tip clearance. The growth of the inlet angle will result in an increase of the magnitude of the response, and the magnitude of the response reduces with the growth of the outlet angle. The aerodynamic force at resonance is greater than that at non-resonance. The research results can assist in understanding the dynamic characteristics of the rotor subjected to aerodynamic excitation, and provide theoretical guidance for the structural design of an aeroengine rotor system.
Microdosimetric assessment about proton spread-out Bragg peak at different depths based on the normal human mesh-type cell population model
Authors: Kong Xianghui , Wang Yidi , Huang Jiachen , Zhang Wenyue , Du Chuansheng , Yin Yuchen , Xue Huiyuan , Gao Han , Liu Kun , Wu Tao , Sun Liang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. In clinical proton therapy, the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) is commonly used to fit the target shape. Dose depositions at microscopic sites vary, even with a consistent absorbed dose (

D

) in SOBP. In the present study, monolayer mesh-type cell population models were developed for microdosimetric assessment at different SOBP depths. Approach. Normal human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) and hepatocytes (L-O2) mesh-type cell models were constructed based on fluorescence tomography images of normal human cells. Particle transport simulation in cell populations was performed coupled with Monte Carlo software PHITS. The relationship between microdosimetry and macrodosimetry of SOBP at different depths was described by analyzing the microdosimetric indicators such as specific energy

z
,

specific energy distribution

f

z
,

D

,

and relative standard deviation

σ

z

/

z
¯

within cells. Additionally, the microdosimetric distributions characteristics and their contributing factors were also discussed. Main results. The microscopic dose distribution is strongly influenced by cellular size, shape, and material. The mean specific energy

z
¯

of nucleus and cytoplasm in the cell population is greater than the overall absorbed dose of the cell population model (

D

p

), with a maximum

z
¯

/

D

p

of 1.1. The cellular dose distribution is different between the BEAS-2B mesh-type model and its concentric ellipsoid geometry-type model, which difference in

z
¯

is about 10.3% for the nucleus and about 7.5% for the cytoplasm with the SOBP depth of 15 cm. When

D

= 2 Gy, the maximum

z

of L-O2 nucleus reaches 2.8 Gy and

σ

z

/

z
¯

is 5.1% at the mid-depth SOBP (16–18 cm); while the maximum

z

of the BEAS-2B nucleus reaches 2.2 Gy with only 2.7% of

σ

z

/

z
¯

. Significance. The significant variation of microdosimetric distributions of SOBP different depths indicates the necessity to use mesh-type cell population models, which have the potential to be compared with biological results and build the bio-physical model.
Incorporating interface permeability into the diffusion MRI signal representation while using impermeable Laplace eigenfunctions
Authors: Yang Zheyi , Fang Chengran , Li Jing-Rebecca 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. The complex-valued transverse magnetization due to diffusion-encoding magnetic field gradients acting on a permeable medium can be modeled by the Bloch–Torrey partial differential equation. The diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal has a representation in the basis of the Laplace eigenfunctions of the medium. However, in order to estimate the permeability coefficient from diffusion MRI data, it is desirable that the forward solution can be calculated efficiently for many values of permeability. Approach. In this paper we propose a new formulation of the permeable diffusion MRI signal representation in the basis of the Laplace eigenfunctions of the same medium where the interfaces are made impermeable. Main results. We proved the theoretical equivalence between our new formulation and the original formulation in the case that the full eigendecomposition is used. We validated our method numerically and showed promising numerical results when a partial eigendecomposition is used. Two diffusion MRI sequences were used to illustrate the numerical validity of our new method. Significance. Our approach means that the same basis (the impermeable set) can be used for all permeability values, which reduces the computational time significantly, enabling the study of the effects of the permeability coefficient on the diffusion MRI signal in the future.
Synthesis of possible room temperature superconductor LK-99: Pb9Cu(PO4)6O
Authors: Kumar Kapil , Karn N K , Awana V P S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The quest for room temperature superconductors has been teasing scientists and physicists, since its inception in 1911 itself. Several assertions have already been made about room temperature superconductivity, but have never been verified or reproduced across the labs. The cuprates were the earliest high transition temperature (T
c) superconductors, and it seems that copper has done the magic once again. In July 2023, a Korean group synthesized a lead apatite based compound LK-99, showing a T
c of above 400 K (Lee et al 2023 arXiv: 2307.12008; 2023 arXiv: 2307.12037; Lee et al 2023 J. Korean Cryst. Growth Cryst.
33 61). The signatures of superconductivity in the compound are very promising, in terms of resistivity (ρ = 0) and diamagnetism at T
c. Although, the heat capacity (C
p) did not show the obvious transition at T
c. Inspired by the interesting claims of the above room temperature superconductivity in LK-99, in this article, we report the synthesis of polycrystalline samples of LK-99, by following the same heat treatment as reported in Lee et al (2023 arXiv: 2307.12008; 2023 arXiv: 2307.12037) using a two-step precursor method. The phase is confirmed through x-ray diffraction measurements, performed after each heat treatment. The room temperature diamagnetism is not evidenced by the levitation of a permanent magnet over the sample or vice versa. The isothermal magnetization measurement at 280 K shows that as synthesized sample of LK-99 is paramagnetic. Further measurements for the confirmation of bulk superconductivity in variously synthesized samples are underway. Our results on the present LK-99 sample, synthesized at 925 °C, as of now do not confirm the appearance of bulk superconductivity at room temperature. Further studies with different heat treatments are underway.
Effect of spin-orbit coupling within the spin-filter layer on the tunnel magneto-resistance in spin-filter magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Mehrparvar Dariush , Ghobadi Nader , Daqiq Reza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The tunnel magneto-resistance ratio is investigated for spin-filter magnetic tunnel junctions in the presence of spin–orbit coupling within a spin-filter layer. The non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism is utilized to calculate the transmission function in the linear-response limit. The results show that a larger tunnel magneto-resistance is achieved for spin-filter magnetic tunnel junctions compared to that for conventional magnetic tunnel junctions due to the existence of a spin-filter layer. Therefore, the current findings can be introduced new routes to improve the field of spintronics.
Effects of vacancies and doping on the sensitivity of arsenene/graphene heterostructure toward NH3
Authors: Ye Shiyang , Zhou Qingxiao , Ju Weiwei , Liu Yijia , Li Pengcheng , Cai Sitong , Wang Yajing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Using the first-principle calculation method, this study analyzed the geometrical properties, electron transfer, magnetic properties, and recovery time of NH3 molecules of pristine, vacancy-defected, and doped (N, Al, S, Ti, Cr, Co) arsenene/graphene (As/G) heterostructures. Introducing vacancy defects did not enhance the activity of the As/G heterostructure. However, the adsorption ability of the structure doped with N, Al, Cr, and Co atoms on NH3 molecules was enhanced. Furthermore, the magnetic state of As/G changed as a result of Cr doping. The improvements in the absorption energy and recovery time indicated that Cr-doped As/G heterostructures are suitable for fabricating reusable gas sensors for detecting NH3 molecules.
Inverse design of electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) metasurface based on deep convolutional generative adversarial network
Authors: Zhu Lei , Zhang Cong , Dong Liang , Rong Miao Xin , Gong Jin Yue , Meng Fan-Yi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the increasing complexity of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) metasurface structure and the limitations of traditional optimization methods, there is an urgent need for an advanced design approach to accelerate the design of complex EIT metasurface. In this study, we propose an improved deep learning model based on deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) to simplify the design process of EIT metasurface. The proposed model enables the optimization of metasurface with eight structural parameters, obtaining single-band or dual-band EIT effects for y polarization incidence. The training of the network model achieves convergence with a mean square error (MSE) of 0.2 for the generator and 0.41 for the discriminator. The average errors between the predicted results and the target parameters are within 0.6 μm. The relative spectral error (RSE) is utilized to quantify the deviation between the simulated spectra obtained from the predicted structures and the target spectra, exhibiting a minimum RSE of 6.26%. Furthermore, comparisons between the proposed model and two other convolutional neural networks validate the superior prediction capability and higher accuracy of our proposed model.
Research on accelerated coding absorber design with deep learning
Authors: Tian Feng , Zhang Shiao , Cao Miao , Huang Xiaojun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The traditional design of metamaterials requires a large amount of prior knowledge in electromagnetism and is time-consuming and labour-intensive, but these challenges can be addressed by using trained neural networks to accelerate the forward design process. However, when it comes to coded absorbers, there is no clear ‘guidance manual’ on which neural network is most effective for this task. In this paper, three basic neural networks (full connection, one-dimensional convolution and two-dimensional convolution) are designed considering the apparent pattern and structural parameters of the coded absorber, trained under the same conditions, and evaluated for performance.The two-dimensional convolutional neural network achieved the highest accuracy on the test set, with an average accuracy of 92.37% and 70.3% of groups with accuracy greater than 95%. These results indicate that trained neural networks have great potential to approximate the functionality of traditional electromagnetic simulation software, and the two-dimensional convolutional neural network is the best choice for accelerating the forward design of coded absorbers.
Structure, optical transition analysis and magnetic study of lanthanide based metal-organic framework: holmium bi-tartrate trihydrate
Authors: Dar Faheem A , Want Basharat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study presents the hydrothermal synthesis of holmium bi-tartrate trihydrate single crystals. The crystal structure and morphology were determined using single crystal x-ray analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to identify the ligand phase. The thermal stability was assessed through differential scanning calorimetry. The effect of ligand on the incorporated paramagnetic center is discerned by reckoning the magnetic moment of the same. Judd-Ofelt theory was utilized to analyze optical transitions and calculate excited state properties. The complex exhibited violet and red emissions, attributed to ligand-based and metal-based luminescence , respectively. The absence of antenna effect was due to a significant energy gap between the resonance energy state, 5
S
2 of the Ho(III) ion and the triplet state of the coordinated tartrate ligand. The synthesized MOF's prolonged radiative lifetime holds promise for laser technologies and environmental monitoring applications.
Transient properties of grazing ecosystem driven by Lévy noise and Gaussian noise
Authors: Mi Lina , Guo Yongfeng , Ding Jiaxin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper explores how Lévy noise and Gaussian noise affect the ecological grazing system by using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method to simulate dynamic system and the Janicki-Weron algorithm to produce Lévy noise. Two deterministic quantities, the mean first passage time (MFPT) and the probability density function (PDF) of the first passage time (FPT), are utilized to explore the transient properties of grazing ecosystem. Our research results show that: (i) The transitions between two alternative stable states can be induced by the Gaussian noise intensity, Lévy noise intensity, Lévy stability index and Lévy skewness parameter. (ii) A higher Lévy noise intensity and a larger Lévy stability index or Lévy skewness parameter make the MFPT from desert state to sustainable vegetated state shorter; a higher Gaussian noise intensity makes it longer, which indicates that increased Lévy noise intensity can mitigate ecosystem degradation; increased Gaussian noise intensity will lead to desertification of vegetation. (iii) For larger Lévy noise intensity, the MFPT from sustainable vegetated state to desert state as a function of Gaussian noise intensity exhibits one maximum value when it transformation from the sustainable vegetated state to the desert state, the noise enhanced stability (NES) phenomena of grazing ecosystems are observed.
OpenFOAM modeling of beryllium melt motion and splashing from first wall in ITER
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Miloshevsky Gennady 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Beryllium (Be) is a material which will be used as a plasma facing component in ITER due to its unique properties of high thermal conductivity, low density, and high strength. However, under extreme conditions of high temperature and pressure, Be can melt at the surface of tiles and molten droplets can be ejected into the reactor leading to disruption of fusion plasma. The pressure, mass density, velocity of Be vapor, and variations of temperature at the melt layer interface can influence the splashing of Be melt. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model based on the OpenFOAM toolbox, a free open source CFD software package, was developed to treat the coupled flow of liquid Be metal and its vapor. The vapor-melt interface is modeled using the volume of fluid (VOF) approach implemented in the interCondensatingEvaporatingFoam solver that solves the continuity, momentum, heat conduction, and VOF equations. This CFD model is capable to predict the hydrodynamic effects of Be vapor on the melt layer motion, splashing, non-linear growth of melt waves, and ejection of molten droplets. The modeling accounts for the effects of thermal, viscous, gravitational, and surface tension forces at the vapor-melt interface. In this research, we used the interCondensatingEvaporatingFoam solver to simulate the effects of Be phase change and the development of melt motion with the droplets ejected from the surface. The CFD model accounts for inter-phase change between Be liquid and Be vapor. The evaporation model was validated against the Stefan phase-change problems. The influence of heat and mass transfer across the vapor-melt interface on melt layer stability is also investigated. The results provide an understanding of how the rate of phase change affects the development of melt structures and waves at the vapor-melt interface.