bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion Behavior of SiMo Ductile Cast Iron in Different Corrosive Environments
Authors: Abdelrahim Dawlat M. , Ateia Ebtesam E. , Nofal Adel A. , Gomaa Mona H. , Hamid Z. Abdel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStandard SiMo ductile cast iron automotive alloys are typically subjected to various hostile environmental conditions. For the current investigation, SiMo with a silicon content of 5% and molybdenum contents ranging from 0 to 1.5% was used. In two corrosive environments of 0.6 M NaCl and 0.5 M H2SO4, the study intends to present the corrosion behavior of high silicon molybdenum ductile cast iron (SiMo). Moreover, the impact of changing Mo on the microstructural characteristics has been investigated. The SEM-EDX examinations revealed that the nodule counts, M6C carbides, and lamellar pearlite increased while the ferritic matrix decreased with increasing Mo contents. It is clear that the addition of Mo reduces cast iron's rate of corrosion and thus increases its corrosion resistance. The results showed that SiMo cast iron alloy with 1.0 wt% Mo had a lower corrosion current (Icorr) in 0.6 M NaCl solution while lower corrosion current (Icorr) with the cast iron containing 1.5 wt% Mo in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, which resulted in the lowest corrosion rate. The occurrence of a galvanic couple between the alloy matrix and the graphite nodules results in electrochemical corrosion, with the largest corrosion rates taking place at Mo-free alloy in both media.
Attitudes to ageing amongst health care professionals: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Jeyasingam Neil , McLean Loyola , Mitchell Lisa , Wand Anne P. F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesOlder adults utilising healthcare may be vulnerable to systemic bias regarding ageing potentially affecting care. Primary aim is to systematically review the qualitative literature examining attitudes to ageing amongst health care professionals (HCPs). Secondary aim is to describe and compare attitudes to ageing between different professional groups.MethodsStudies examining attitudes to ageing of HCPs were identified using four databases. Original qualitative research with HCPs was included, excluding studies examining students alone, reviews, and grey literature. Three authors undertook standardised data extraction and quality rating for each study and thematic synthesis, with a fourth senior author reviewing. Quality appraisal followed the Attree and Milton guidelines (2006), including studies rated A–C.ResultsOf 5869 citations, 13 met initial inclusion criteria. Synthesis of the 12 studies graded A–C followed (excluding one study rated-D). Nurses, doctors, and social workers were most frequently investigated. Identified themes included Attitudes towards older persons, The role of the older persons’ family, Behaviour of HCPs towards older persons, Behaviour of older persons towards HCPs, and Definitions of an older person. An overarching theme emerged of the systemic context of attitudes to ageing. Common attitudes were found across disciplines, with doctors emphasising complexity and dependency and nurses the burden of care.ConclusionsHCP’s attitudes to ageing vary and are shaped by professional experiences and systemic factors. HCP attitudes may affect responses to and care of the older person. Therefore, interprofessional research, and systemic and service changes across disciplines are required to foster real and sustainable attitudinal change to support older peoples’ care.
Public Transport Commuting Analytics: A Longitudinal Study Based on GPS Tracking and Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Costa Mariana A. , Marra Alessio D. , Corman Francesco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper uses unlabelled GPS tracking data collected by a smartphone application, enriched by fusion with automatic vehicle location (AVL) data, to study commuting trips from home to work and vice versa. Such commuting trips play a significant part in public transport (PT), and in transport planning in general. This work investigates patterns of mobility, based on multiple thousands of recorded trips over a set of users in a longitudinal study by, first, determining unsupervised clustering algorithms to impute work and home locations, then analysing relevant characteristics, such as departure times, mode/line choice and trip duration. Finally, a heuristics algorithm is proposed to analyse the extent and frequency of similar trips. The results quantify amount and limits of the regularity of individual commuting behaviour in terms of repeatable travel choices. Commuters are quite consistent in their choices of departure times and lines used, even though differences are found among the two directions of the commuting trips, with work–home trips having a greater average duration and, in many cases, different choices of lines.
COVID-19 and Driving Behavior: Which Were the Most Crucial Influencing Factors?
Authors: Sekadakis Marios , Katrakazas Christos , Michelaraki Eva , Ziakopoulos Apostolos , Yannis George 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper tries to identify and investigate the most significant factors that influenced the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic metrics (i.e., COVID-19 cases, fatalities, and reproduction rate) and restrictions (i.e., stringency index and lockdown measures) with driving behavior in the entire year 2020. To that aim, naturalistic driving data for a 12-month timeframe were exploited and analyzed. The examined driving behavior variables included harsh acceleration and harsh braking event rates concerning the time period before, during, and after the lockdown measures in Greece. The harsh event rates were extracted using data obtained by a specially developed smartphone application which were transmitted to a back-end telematics platform between the 1st of January and the 31st of December, 2020. Based on the collected data, XGBoost feature analysis algorithms were deployed to obtain the most significant factors. Furthermore, a comparison among the first COVID-19 lockdown (i.e., March–May 2020), the second one (i.e., November–December 2020), and the period without COVID-19 restrictions (i.e., January–March and May–November 2020) was drawn. COVID-19 new cases and new fatalities were the most significant factors related to COVID-19 metrics impacting driving behavior. Additionally, the correlation between driving behavior with other factors (i.e., distance traveled, mobile use, driving requests, and driving during risky hours) was revealed. Furthermore, the differences and similarities of the harsh event rates between the two lockdown periods were identified. This paper tries to fill this gap in the existing literature concerning a feature analysis for the entire 2020 and including the first and second lockdown restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece.
Smart phone based medical record software for short term surgical missions
Authors: Alfille Paul , Bean Christopher , Fuzaylov Gennadiy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractShort term medical/surgical missions (STMMs) are a common approach to address the limited access to surgical and anesthesia care in much of the under-resourced world. Documentation on surgical missions offers both a challenge and an opportunity to improve quality and safety of care provided. We describe a novel open-source electronic health record (EHR) software that addresses many of the limitations and safety concerns that currently exist in EHRs used for STMMs. It is usable in austere environments without internet access and is flexible to meet the needs of various types of projects. It contains unique safety features for patient identification with QR bar codes and clearly defined mechanisms for follow up and limitations of duplications of care. Documentation focuses specifically on surgical and perioperative care for short term surgical missions as opposed to medical missions. The software is smart phone-based without the requirement of tablets or laptop computers intended for use at point of care, but maintains the ability to complete post-mission quality and outcomes analysis through exporting data to spreadsheets. The scope of this software is focused specifically for surgical missions, but the open-source and collaborative nature allow for flexibility in specific requirements and details for different types of missions. This open source EHR software has unique accessibility and safety considerations, and facilitates both in-mission surgical care, ongoing follow up, and post hoc mission analysis.
Contemporary Japanese Sinology
Authors: Iiyama Tomoyasu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this essay, to make the best use of the limited space available, I concentrate on elements that have not yet received much attention in English, particularly the aspects that scholars outside Japan have found bewildering and the ones that I have knowledge of myself. 1 Thus after sketching in a cursory way the earlier stages of Japanese sinology, I focus on the last forty years. I also look primarily at the study of history, largely leaving to the side the study of literature, philosophy, and the social sciences. Readers who want to know more about earlier stages of Japanese Sinology can turn to many informative and insightful works on the subject.
MARINE RADIOCARBON CALIBRATION IN POLAR REGIONS: A SIMPLE APPROXIMATE APPROACH USING MARINE20
Authors: Heaton T J , Butzin M , Bard E , Bronk Ramsey C , Hughen K A , Köhler P , Reimer P J 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThe Marine20 radiocarbon (14C) age calibration curve, and all earlier marine 14C calibration curves from the IntCal group, must be used extremely cautiously for the calibration of marine 14C samples from polar regions (outside ∼ 40ºS–40ºN) during glacial periods. Calibrating polar 14C marine samples from glacial periods against any Marine calibration curve (Marine20 or any earlier product) using an estimate of ${\rm{\Delta R}}$, the regional 14C depletion adjustment, that has been obtained from samples in the recent (non-glacial) past is likely to lead to bias and overconfidence in the calibrated age. We propose an approach to calibration that aims to address this by accounting for the possibility of additional, localized, glacial 14C depletion in polar oceans. We suggest, for a specific polar location, bounds on the value of ${\rm{\Delta }}{{\rm{R}}_{20}}\left( {\rm{\theta }} \right)$ during a glacial period. The lower bound ${\rm{\Delta R}}_{20}^{{\rm{Hol}}}$ may be based on 14C samples from the recent non-glacial (Holocene) past and corresponds to a low-depletion glacial scenario. The upper bound, ${\rm{\Delta R}}_{20}^{{\rm{GS}}}$, representing a high-depletion scenario is found by increasing ${\rm{\Delta R}}_{20}^{{\rm{Hol}}}$ according to the latitude of the 14C sample to be calibrated. The suggested increases to obtain ${\rm{\Delta R}}_{20}^{{\rm{GS}}}$ are based upon simulations of the Hamburg Large Scale Geostrophic Ocean General Circulation Model (LSG OGCM). Calibrating against the Marine20 curve using the upper and lower ${\rm{\Delta }}{{\rm{R}}_{20}}$ bounds provide estimates of calibrated ages for glacial 14C samples in high- and low-depletion scenarios which should bracket the true calendar age of the sample. In some circumstances, users may be able to determine which depletion scenario is more appropriate using independent paleoclimatic or proxy evidence.
Projection theorems for linear-fractional families of projections
Authors: ISELI ANNINA , LUKYANENKO ANTON 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMarstrand’s theorem states that applying a generic rotation to a planar setAbefore projecting it orthogonally to thex-axis almost surely gives an image with the maximal possible dimension$\min(1, \dim A)$. We first prove, using the transversality theory of Peres–Schlag locally, that the same result holds when applying a generic complex linear-fractional transformation in$PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$or a generic real linear-fractional transformation in$PGL(3,\mathbb{R})$. We next show that, under some necessary technical assumptions, transversality locally holds for restricted families of projections corresponding to one-dimensional subgroups of$PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$or$PGL(3,\mathbb{R})$. Third, we demonstrate, in any dimension, local transversality and resulting projection statements for the families of closest-point projections to totally-geodesic subspaces of hyperbolic and spherical geometries.
Anatomy of an Alpine Bedload Transport Event: A Watershed‐Scale Seismic‐Network Perspective
Authors: Antoniazza Gilles , Dietze Michael , Mancini Davide , Turowski Jens M. , Rickenmann Dieter , Nicollier Tobias , Boss Stefan , Lane Stuart N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe way Alpine rivers mobilize, convey and store coarse material during high‐magnitude events is poorly understood, notably because it is difficult to obtain measurements of bedload transport at the watershed scale. Seismic sensor data, evaluated with appropriate seismic physical models, can provide that missing link by yielding time‐varying estimates of bedload transport albeit with non‐negligible uncertainty. Low cost and ease of installation allow for networks of sensors to be deployed, providing continuous, watershed‐scale insights into bedload transport dynamics. Here, we deploy a network of 24 seismic sensors to estimate coarse material fluxes in a 13.4 km2 Alpine watershed during a high‐magnitude transport event. First, we benchmark the seismic inversion routine with an independent time‐series of bedload transport obtained with a calibrated acoustic system. Then, we apply the procedure to the other seismic sensors across the watershed. Propagation velocities derived from cross‐correlation analysis between spatially consecutive bedload transport time‐series were too high with respect to typical bedload transport velocity suggesting that a faster‐moving water wave (re‐)mobilizes local coarse material. Spatially distributed estimates of bedload transport reveal a relative inefficiency of Alpine watersheds in evacuating coarse material, even during a relatively infrequent high‐magnitude bedload transport event. Significant inputs estimated for some tributaries were rapidly attenuated as the main river crossed less hydraulically efficient reaches. Only a small proportion of the total amount of material mobilized in the watershed was exported at the outlet. Multiple periods of competent flows are likely necessary to evacuate coarse material mobilized throughout the watershed during individual bedload transport events.
ENSO Modulates Mean Currents and Mesoscale Eddies in the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Huang Minghai , Liang Xinfeng , Yang Yang , Zhang Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its global impacts through teleconnection have been known for decades, if and how the mean currents and mesoscale eddies in the Caribbean Sea are linked to ENSO remains an open question. Here, by analyzing satellite observations and an ocean reanalysis product, we found a close connection between mean currents, eddies in the Caribbean Sea and ENSO on interannual timescales. Strong El Niño events result in enhanced north‐south sea surface height differences and consequently stronger mean currents in the Caribbean Sea, and the opposite happens during La Niña events. The eddy kinetic energy responds to ENSO via eddy‐mean flow interaction, primarily through baroclinic instability, which releases the available potential energy stored in the mean currents to mesoscale eddies. Our results suggest some predictability of the mean currents and eddies in the Caribbean Sea, particularly during strong El Niño and La Niña events.
Contrasting Trends and Drivers of Global Surface and Canopy Urban Heat Islands
Authors: Du Huilin , Zhan Wenfeng , Voogt James , Bechtel Benjamin , Chakraborty T. C. , Liu Zihan , Hu Leiqiu , Wang Zhihua , Li Jiufeng , Fu Peng , Liao Weilin , Luo Ming , Li Long , Wang Shasha , Huang Fan , Miao Shiqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA comprehensive comparison of the trends and drivers of global surface and canopy urban heat islands (termed Is and Ic trends, respectively) is critical for better designing urban heat mitigation strategies. However, such a global comparison remains largely absent. Using spatially continuous land surface temperatures and surface air temperatures (2003–2020), here we find that the magnitude of the global mean Is trend (0.19 ± 0.006°C/decade, mean ± SE) for 5,643 cities worldwide is nearly six‐times the corresponding Ic trend (0.03 ± 0.002°C/decade) during the day, while the former (0.06 ± 0.004°C/decade) is double the latter (0.03 ± 0.002°C/decade) at night. Variable importance scores indicate that global daytime Is trend is slightly more controlled by surface property, while background climate plays a more dominant role in regulating global daytime Ic trend. At night, both global Is and Ic trends are mainly controlled by background climate.
Cardiovascular health and proximity to urban oil drilling in Los Angeles, California
Authors: Johnston Jill E. , Quist Arbor J. L. , Navarro Sandy , Farzan Shohreh F. , Shamasunder Bhavna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Although ~18 million people live within a mile from active oil and gas development (OGD) sites in the United States, epidemiological research on how OGD affects the health of nearby urban residents is sparse. Thousands of OGD sites are spread across Los Angeles (LA) County, California, home to the largest urban oil production in the country. Air pollution and noise from OGD may contribute to cardiovascular morbidity.

Objective
We examined the association between proximity to OGD and blood pressure in a diverse cohort of residents in LA.

Methods
We recruited residents in South LA who lived <1 km from an OGD site. We collected three blood pressure measurements for each participant and used the second and third measurements to calculate averages for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) separately. We conducted multivariable linear regression to examine the relationship between distance to OGD sites and continuous SBP and DBP, adjusting for BMI, smoking status, distance to freeway, sex, age, and use of antihypertension medications, with a random effect for household. We examined effect measure modification by BMI category and smoking category.

Results
Among the 623 adult participants, we found that for every 100 meter increase in distance from the OGD site, DBP was reduced by an average of 0.73 mmHg (95% CI: −1.26, −0.21) in this population. We observed stronger effects of proximity to OGD site on DBP among never smokers and among participants with a healthy BMI. The associations observed between proximity to OGD site and SBP were weaker but followed the same patterns as those for DBP.

Impact
Our study suggests that living near urban oil drilling sites is significantly associated with greater diastolic blood pressure in urban Los Angeles communities. This research improves understanding of impacts from living nearby drilling operations on the health and welfare of this community, which is critical to inform public health relevant strategies.
ETS-1-activated LINC01016 over-expression promotes tumor progression via suppression of RFFL-mediated DHX9 ubiquitination degradation in breast cancers
Authors: Sun Ying , Zhang Hui , Ma Ranran , Guo Xiangyu , Zhang Guohao , Liu Sen , Zhu Wenjie , Liu Haiting , Gao Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators during the development of breast cancer (BC) and thus may be viable treatment targets. In this study, we found that the expression of the long intergenic non-coding RNA 01016 (LINC01016) was significantly higher in BC tissue samples with positive lymph node metastasis. LINC01016, which is activated by the transcription factor ETS-1, contributes to the overt promotion of cell proliferation activity, enhanced cell migratory ability, S phase cell cycle arrest, and decreased apoptosis rate. By RNA pull-down assays and mass spectrometry analyses, we determined that LINC01016 competitively bound and stabilized DHX9 protein by preventing the E3 ubiquitin ligase RFFL from binding to DHX9, thereby inhibiting DHX9 proteasomal degradation. This ultimately led to an increase in intracellular DHX9 expression and activated PI3K/AKT signaling, with p-AKT, Bcl-2, and MMP-9 involvement. This is the first study to reveal that the LINC01016/DHX9/PI3K/AKT axis plays a critical role in the progression of BC, and thus, LINC01016 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for patients with BC.
Long-term ex situ normothermic perfusion of human split livers for more than 1 week
Authors: Lau Ngee-Soon , Ly Mark , Dennis Claude , Jacques Andrew , Cabanes-Creus Marti , Toomath Shamus , Huang Joanna , Mestrovic Nicole , Yousif Paul , Chanda Sumon , Wang Chuanmin , Lisowski Leszek , Liu Ken , Kench James G. , McCaughan Geoffrey , Crawford Michael , Pulitano Carlo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrent machine perfusion technology permits livers to be preserved ex situ for short periods to assess viability prior to transplant. Long-term normothermic perfusion of livers is an emerging field with tremendous potential for the assessment, recovery, and modification of organs. In this study, we aimed to develop a long-term model of ex situ perfusion including a surgical split and simultaneous perfusion of both partial organs. Human livers declined for transplantation were perfused using a red blood cell-based perfusate under normothermic conditions (36 °C) and then split and simultaneously perfused on separate machines. Ten human livers were split, resulting in 20 partial livers. The median ex situ viability was 125 h, and the median ex situ survival was 165 h. Long-term survival was demonstrated by lactate clearance, bile production, Factor-V production, and storage of adenosine triphosphate. Here, we report the long-term ex situ perfusion of human livers and demonstrate the ability to split and perfuse these organs using a standardised protocol.
Understanding catalytic synergy in dinuclear polymerization catalysts for sustainable polymers
Authors: Fiorentini Francesca , Diment Wilfred T. , Deacy Arron C. , Kerr Ryan W. F. , Faulkner Stephen , Williams Charlotte K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the chemistry underpinning intermetallic synergy and the discovery of generally applicable structure-performances relationships are major challenges in catalysis. Additionally, high-performance catalysts using earth-abundant, non-toxic and inexpensive elements must be prioritised. Here, a series of heterodinuclear catalysts of the form Co(III)M(I/II), where M(I/II) = Na(I), K(I), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II) are evaluated for three different polymerizations, by assessment of rate constants, turn over frequencies, polymer selectivity and control. This allows for comparisons of performances both within and between catalysts containing Group I and II metals for CO2/propene oxide ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP), propene oxide/phthalic anhydride ROCOP and lactide ring-opening polymerization (ROP). The data reveal new structure-performance correlations that apply across all the different polymerizations: catalysts featuring s-block metals of lower Lewis acidity show higher rates and selectivity. The epoxide/heterocumulene ROCOPs both show exponential activity increases (vs. Lewis acidity, measured by the pKa of [M(OH2)m]n+), whilst the lactide ROP activity and CO2/epoxide selectivity show linear increases. Such clear structure-activity/selectivity correlations are very unusual, yet are fully rationalised by the polymerization mechanisms and the chemistry of the catalytic intermediates. The general applicability across three different polymerizations is significant for future exploitation of catalytic synergy and provides a framework to improve other catalysts.