bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How the resistivity acts near a coronal null point
Authors: Sabri Somaiyeh , Poedts Stefaan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigate the effect of magnetic resistivity on the propagation and evolution of magnetoacoustic waves and plasma in the neighborhood of a magnetic null-point. Various values for the magnetic resistivity associated with solar coronal conditions have been taken under consideration in the context of magnetohydrodynamics by implementing the PLUTO code. The magnetic diffusivity controls the current sheet and spikes together with their direction. The same goes for the direction of the induced flows as the speed of the induced flows is proportional with the magnetic diffusivity. This is while the acceleration of the flows is inversely proportional with the magnetic diffusivity. The high values of magnetic diffusivity contribute towards the collapse of magnetic fields while reversing the direction of the induced flows. Therefore, null collapse is a class of MHD implosion that null is the center of converging magnetic flux and plasma compression and refraction happen due to the converging and diverging flow driven by Lorentz force. The implosion continues until some limiting events can develop sufficiently to stop this focusing. The current density at the magnetic null-point is dependent on the magnetic diffusivity that could be related to the high gradient of the magnetic field around the null point. A relatively high value of the magnetic diffusivity causes the current density to possess a positive value while it possesses a negative value for relatively low values. The opposite value for the polarity of the current density is associated with the opposite direction of the magnetic null-point collapse. Besides, it is found that at initial timescales prior to the creation of plasmoids, the plasma density is small with high current density accumulation at small magnetic diffusivity values which is in accordance with previous analytic results. But, throughout the entire simulation time the plasma density becomes significant in a sense that the current density would be proportional to the magnetic diffusivity.
Rapid development and mass production of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing Chicken egg yolk antibodies with protective efficacy in hamsters
Authors: Zhao kai , zhao binan , Peng Haoran , Zhang Yanjing , Zhang Jie , Kong Desheng , Cao Sai , Li Yan , Yang Dan , Sun Chuanwen , Pu Xinyi , Zhao Ping , Xu Yan , Xie Liangzhi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Despite the record speed of developing vaccines and therapeutics against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it is not a given that such success can be secured in future pandemics. In addition, COVID-19 vaccination and application of therapeutics remain low in developing countries. Rapid and low cost mass production of antiviral IgY antibodies could be an attractive alternative or complementary option for vaccine and therapeutic development. In this article, we rapidly produced SARS-CoV-2 antigens, immunized hens and purified IgY antibodies in 2 months after the SARS-CoV-2 gene sequence became public. We further demonstrated that the IgY antibodies competitively block RBD binding to ACE2, neutralize authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus and effectively protect hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 challenge by preventing weight loss and lung pathology, representing the first comprehensive study with IgY antibodies. The process of mass production can be easily implemented in most developing countries and hence could become a new vital option in our toolbox for combating viral pandemics. This study could stimulate further studies, optimization and potential applications of IgY antibodies as therapeutics and prophylactics for human and animals.
Clinical outcomes of the anatomical double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction compared with the single-bundle technique: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Li Renbin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective This meta-analysis aims to evaluate clinical outcomes of arthroscopic single-bundle (SB) versus anatomical double-bundle (ADB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in ACL-injured adults. With the synthesis of all accessible randomized controlled trials (RCTs), it was hypothesized that the ADB method is superior to the SB technique. Methods The PRISMA checklist’s instructions were followed. To identify RCTs that compared the SB and ADB treatments, a thorough literature search was conducted through electronic resources including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of Science. The methodological quality of each included study was assessed by two independent authors by the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. The ADB techniques of all included studies were screened by the AARSC to determine the eligibility of operation. Nine clinical outcomes were extracted to compare the two techniques. We used the Review Manager 5.3 to make this analysis. Results This meta-analysis included 20 randomized controlled studies comparing outcomes between ADB with SB techniques in ACL reconstruction. After a minimum follow-up of 12 months, the ADB technique was similar to SB technique in subjective clinical outcomes, including IKDC subjective score, Lysholm score, Tegner activity score. Similar results were also found in the objective outcomes, such as IKDC objective grade, Pivot-shift test, Lachman test, Side-to-side difference, and OA change. Conclusion In general, when the ACL reconstruction approach meets the minimal total AARSC score of eight, the ADB and SB techniques can result in similar subjective results and knee laxity. Level of evidence I.
Evaluation of the effect and mechanism of artemether against Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Xu Qiong , Duan Yin-Yan , Pan Ming , Jin Qi-Wang , Tao Jian-Ping , Huang Si-Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate compounds that has anti-Toxoplasma gondii with the possible advantage of limiting drug resistance. Artemether has potential anti-T. gondii activity, however the detail information is not clear. To evaluate the Specific effect and potential mechanism, in this study, the cytotoxicity of artemether was Firstly evaluated using MTT assay. Secondly, the anti-T. gondii activities was determined using plaque assay, and then the invasion and intracellular proliferation were evaluated. Finally, the mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of T. gondii were detected by the JC-1 probe and automatic microplate reader. The safe concentration of artemether is below 7.042 mM on HFF cells, and artemether exhibited good anti-T. gondii activity with the IC50 = 0.905 mM, it can inhibit T. gondii intracellular proliferation by decreasing T. gondii mitochondrial membrane integrity and increasing ROS production.
Multiple myeloma extramedullary lesions presenting withmultiple soft tissue masses in the neck, chest, abdomen, and back: a case report
Authors: shan jing , wang shuangyan , kang boyu , lv sumei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:
Multiple myeloma (MM) extramedullary disease (EMD) is an invasive growth of-clonal plasma cells that, is characterized by myeloma cells escaping from the bone marrow microenvironment, entering the blood circulation and infiltrating and growing in other organs. Soft-tissue involvement was associated with significantly shorter progression-free survival and overall survival, with a poor prognosis and a median survival of 8.5 months. Among the sites involved in extramedullary lesions, the abdomen and back are rare. The prognosis of soft tissue masses located in extramedullary organs is the worst, and the treatment of soft tissue masses with enlargement of extramedullary lesions is still difficult because the poor effects of radio-chemotherapy.
Case Presentation:
We present an MM patient who experienced multiple skeletal-related events with EMD in the neck, chest, abdomen, and back after four surgical interventions, multiple cycles of chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and surgical resection.
Conclusions:
MM with a large extramedullary plasma cell tumour often is not responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. For continuously growing masses, surgical resection is recommended to reduce the tumour load, relieve pain, and relieve secondary vascular and nerve compression.
Barrier Lyapunov function-based adaptive neural control for hypersonic vehicle with full state constraints
Authors: Zhao He-wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, an adaptive neural backstepping control method based on barrier Lyapunov function is proposed for hypersonic vehicle considering full state constraints. The longitudinal dynamic of hypersonic vehicle can be divided into two subsystems, i.e., altitude subsystem and velocity subsystem and the controllers are designed with backstepping method, respectively. In the designing process, the radial basis function neural networks are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions of longitudinal dynamic, therefore, the accuracy requirement of hypersonic vehicle model is largely reduced. In order to handle the explosion of complexity issues occurring in the backstepping method, a tracking differentiator is introduced to calculate the differential of virtual control law. The barrier Lyapunov function is constructed to overcome the full system dynamic state constraints and an auxiliary system is designed for overcome the input state saturation issue. The stability is carried out based on Lyapunov theory, and the signals of closed-loop system established are uniformly ultimately bounded. The simulation results show that the controller designed for hypersonic vehicle can guarantee the good tracking performance.
Imaged-based modeling of vascular organization to evaluate anti-angiogenic therapy
Authors: Ascheid David , Baumann Magdalena , Funke Caroline , Volz Julia , Pinnecker Jürgen , Friedrich Mike , Höhn Marie , Nandigama Rajender , Ergün Süleyman , Nieswand Bernhard , Heinze Katrin G. , Henke Erik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In tumor therapy anti-angiogenic approaches have the potential to increase the efficacy of a wide variety of subsequently or co-administered agents, possibly by improving or normalizing the defective tumor vasculature. Successful implementation of the concept of vascular normalization under anti-angiogenic therapy, however, mandates a detailed understanding of key characteristics and a respective scoring metric that defines an improved vasculature and thus a successful attempt. Here, we show that beyond commonly used parameters such as vessel patency and maturation, anti-angiogenic approaches largely benefit if the complex vascular network with its vessel interconnections is both qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. To gain such deeper insight the organization of vascular networks, we introduce a multi-parametric evaluation of high-resolution angiographic images based on light-sheet fluorescence microscopy images of tumors. We first could pinpoint key correlations between vessel length, straightness and diameter to describe the regular, functional and organized structure observed under physiological conditions. We found that vascular networks from experimental tumors diverted from those in healthy organs, demonstrating the dysfunctionality of the tumor vasculature not only on the level of the individual vessel but also in terms of inadequate organization into larger structures. These parameters proofed effective in scoring the degree of disorganization in different tumor entities, and more importantly in grading a potential reversal under treatment with therapeutic agents. The presented vascular network analysis will support vascular normalization assessment and future optimization of anti-angiogenic therapy.
Factors associated with malarial anaemia among children between the ages of 6 and 59 months in Nigeria, 2015.
Authors: Arubuola Mary Anuoluwapo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Anaemia is a public health challenge especially in areas endemic with malaria as there is an established relationship between malaria and anaemia. A single or repeat episode of malaria can result in life-threatening anaemia and, if not treated, death. More than half of all childhood deaths in Africa is probably due to severe untreated malaria which resulted in fatal anaemia. There are several factors associated with anaemia and malarial anaemia is the top cause of death of all anaemic cases in Nigeria. Malarial anaemia is the anaemia precipitated by or that occurs alongside malaria infection. There are several studies on anaemia and malaria as a risk factor for anaemia in Nigeria, especially among pregnant women, but a gap exists in identifying other factors associated with malarial anaemia.
Methods
This study identified the factors associated with malarial anaemia among children in Nigeria between the ages of 6 and 59 months and determined the significance of the associations using the NDHS MIS 2015 dataset. 265 children who participated in the 2015 NDHS NMIS survey and tested positive for malaria were included in the study. The study pool comprised of 135 males and 130 females. Categorical variables were described using frequency and proportion. Crude and adjusted odd ratios, as well as the 95% confidence intervals were computed. All p values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Proportions were given in one decimal place, while odd ratios and confidence intervals were given in two decimal places.
Results
The multivariate analysis showed that sex, wealth index, religion, geographical location, type of place of residence, age, highest educational level of caregiver, the use of mosquito nets, the use of antibiotics and antimalarials did not have a statistically significant association with malarial anaemia.
Conclusion
Although the variables had an association with malarial anaemia, the associations were not statistically significant. This could be as a result of the small sample size. It is recommended that the study be replicated with a larger sample size in order to assertively ascertain the statistical significance of the associations.
Keeping the local tradition alive: the status of local traditional knowledge in Dorokha, Samtse, Bhutan
Authors: Nepal Tej Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Traditional Ecological Knowledge is often specific to a particular place or ecosystem and is deeply rooted in cultural and spiritual beliefs. It can be a valuable resource for the conservation and management of natural resources. It can provide insights into the dynamics of ecosystems and the impacts of human activities on the environment. Despite the potential benefits, it is often undervalued and marginalized in mainstream conservation and management efforts. The study was carried out in Dorokha Dungkhag and data was collected through face-to-face interviews. The result indicates that there is slow loss of local traditional knowledge because of several factors.
Evaluation of the approach to chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Sulaiman Seham , Al-Jinbaz Jamil Asaad , Mirza Sanaa Al-Amir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of the research: to follow up the therapeutic and diagnostic procedures used in Al-Bayrouni University Hospital and Al-Mujtahid Hospital, and to compare these procedures between the two hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study, in which a sample of the files of patients attending Al-Bayrouni University Hospital and Damascus Hospital was referred to, and their laboratory analyzes, and the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that were applied to them, in addition to the methods of following them up for three and six months.
Results: The sample consisted of 69 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the largest number of whom were from Al-Bayrouni University Hospital, where they constituted 64%, while the remaining 25 patients were from Al-Mujtahid Hospital in Damascus, with a rate of 36%, which was the largest percentage. Among them were males (70%), the blood smear showed an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes in patients, and the diagnostic procedures such as myelopuncture, fish technique, and immunophenotyping were performed in Al-Bayrouni Hospital more than in Al-Mujtahid Hospital .
Conclusion: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is considered one of the diseases that need to follow up the latest international recommendations in terms of treatment, follow-up and diagnosis, and this was evident among patients attending Al-Bayrouni University Hospital compared to patients at Al-Mujtahid Hospital.
Analyzing the effect of fixed and moving bottlenecks on traffic flow and car accidents in a two-lane cellular automaton model
Authors: LAAREJ AYOUB , Karakhi azeddine , Lakouari Noureddine , Ez-Zahraouy Hamid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we studied a two-lane cellular automaton model that considers both types of bottlenecks (i.e., moving and fixed). The slow-moving vehicles are considered as moving bottlenecks in our model. The fundamental diagram and the spacetime configuration were derived. The effect of the bottleneck induces a qualitative and quantitative change in the fundamental diagram of both lanes. Also, the system depends strongly on the length of the fixed bottleneck. Hence, for extremely low densities, vehicles are self-organized into two lanes. The probability of vehicle accidents is computed. It is found that the rear-end and lane-changing collision probabilities were reduced as the length of the fixed bottleneck increased. Furthermore, at low densities the fixed bottleneck has even less impact on the occurrence of lane-changing collisions. Moreover, the revised lane-changing rules reduces the flux at low and moderate density regions and augments it at large densities in the lane where there is a bottleneck. The results also indicate that the revised lane-changing rules maximizes the rear-end collisions and minimizes the unsafe lane changing collisions.
Evaluation of the potential for carbon sink and association with land occupation
Authors: Yogi Fernando , Stanganini Fabio Noel , Tonello Kelly Cristina , Isa Selma Setsumi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic influences on a global scale have caused negative impacts on the environment, among the most prominent being the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2). In this study, the objective was then to estimate the potential of carbon flux (CO2 flux) in the riparian vegetation of the Jacareí–Jaguari reservoir, using the digital processing of orbital images of the CBERS 4A system. To determine the CO2 flux, vegetative indices were used: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) and the scaled Photochemical Reflectance Index (sPRI), associating them with land use and occupation classifications from the MapBiomas collection, determining the histogram of each class for CO2 flux analysis, revealing CO2 flux between −0.136 and 0.4049. The lower values of CO2 flux in the reservoir are due to the decrease in vegetative classes, indicating the need for (re)planting and plant conservation, confirming the importance of areas with an ecosystem function, of carbon sink.
COVID-19 in Patients with Systemic Inflammatory Diseases: Impact on
Disease Activity
Authors: Miledi Saoussen , Bouzid Sirine , Fazaa Alia , Sallemi Mariem , Bousaa Hiba , Ben Abdelghani Kaouther , Laatar Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
COVID-19 pandemic, an international emergency, raised concerns about the interaction of this infection and disease-modifying drugs used in the treatment of Systemic in-flammatory diseases (SID). Understanding the relationship between COVID-19 and disease activity is crucial to adapt the treatment.

Aim:
The aim of our study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the disease activity of rheumatic diseases.

Patients and Methods:
We performed a cross-sectional study, including patients with SID (rheuma-toid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA)). Disease activity was evaluated during the last check-up before COVID-19 and within the period of 6 months after the infection. Activity scores were assessed with Disease Activity Score (DAS28) for RA and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) for SpA. Correlation and regression coefficients were used to evaluate as-sociations among the variables.

Results and Discussion:
Totally, thirty-two patients were included; twenty followed for RA and
twelve for axial SpA. The mean disease duration of the underlying rheumatic disease was 10.2 years
(2-30). RA was seropositive and erosive in 61% and 31%, respectively. Seventeen patients were on
csDMARDs: 14 were on Methotrexate and three patients were on Salazopyrine. Ten patients (31%)
were treated with bDMARDs; Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors were used in eight cases.
Rituximab and secukinumab were prescribed for one patient each. In 70%, COVID-19 was
pauci-symptomatic. A severe form with a need for hospitalization was noted in 9%. Two patients
were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

:
Overall, treatment with DMARDs was interrupted in all cases: when COVID-19 symptoms began
in 82% and when PCR was positive in 18%. Both RA and axial SpA were not active after a mean
period of 6 months after COVID-19 infection (p = 0.818 and p = 0.626, respectively).

Conclusion:
Although our patients interrupted their DMARDs, our study demonstrates that disease activity as assessed by ASDAS and DAS28 in SpA and RA remained unchanged after COVID-19.
Perception and Practices of Self-medication Practices among Health Science
Students during the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic in Mangalore, India
Authors: Joseph Nitin , Jain Jeniya 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Health science students are prone to self-medication due to easy accessibility
to medicines, background medical knowledge, and their ability to diagnose illnesses. The ongoing
COVID-19 pandemic has further encouraged this practice due to the fear of contracting the
virus by visiting healthcare establishments.

Objectives:
This study was conducted to assess the perception and practices of self-medication
among health science students during the background of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2021 during the second wave of
COVID-19. Data were collected using a Microsoft form circulated among students using
WhatsApp or email.

Results:
The mean age of the 350 participants was 20.8 ± 1.5 years. About 165(47.1%) participants
had self-medicated over the past one year. The most common mode of self-medication was
using previous consultation notes [121(73.3%)]. The most common reason for self-medication
stated was the mild nature of the illness [131(79.4%)]. Fifteen (9.1%) participants reported changes
in medication from one to another during self-medication. Sixteen (9.7%) participants increased
drug dosage during self-medication. Sixteen (26.2%) out of 61 participants who self-medicated
with antibiotics did not complete the course. Forty-six (27.9%) out of the 165 participants were not
aware of the adverse effects of the drugs being self-medicated on most occasions.
One hundred and sixty seven (47.7%) of the total participants did not feel that self-medication
practices are harmful. Ninety-five (27.1%) felt that self-medication practices are acceptable during
the COVID-19 pandemic. Eighty-six (90.5%) of them thought so to avoid getting COVID-19 infection
by visiting healthcare establishments.
In multivariable analysis, participants in the final year and those with chronic morbidities were associated
with self-medication practices.

Conclusion:
Self-medication practices were present among 47.1% of participants. More than onefourth
of them were not aware of the side effects of self-medicated drugs on most occasions. About
47.7% participants felt that self-medication practices are not harmful and more than one-fourth of
them felt that it was acceptable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the students need to be
made aware of the harmful consequences of self-medication.