bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating ethics in HIV data and biomaterial management within Black, African, and Caribbean communities in Canada
Authors: Souleymanov Rusty , Akinyele-Akanbi Bolaji , Njeze Chinyere , Ukoli Patricia , Migliardi Paula , Larcombe Linda , Restall Gayle , Ringaert Laurie , Payne Michael , Kim John , Tharao Wangari , Wilcox Ayn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
This study explored the ethical issues associated with community-based HIV testing among African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) populations in Canada, focusing on their perceptions of consent, privacy, and the management of HIV-related data and bio-samples.

Methods
A qualitative community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach was employed to actively engage ACB community members in shaping the research process. The design included in-depth qualitative interviews with 33 ACB community members in Manitoba, Canada. The study was guided by a Community Guiding Circle, which contributed to study design, data analysis, and interpretation. A diverse sample was recruited through community agencies, social media, and flyers, with considerations for variations in age, gender, sexual orientation, and geographical location. The study employed iterative inductive thematic data analysis.

Findings
Participants expressed significant concerns about the collection, sharing, and use of HIV data from healthcare encounters, revealing mistrust towards institutions like police, child welfare, and immigration accessing their health information. Their worries centered on the handling of biological samples, data misuse, potential human rights violations, HIV criminalization, deportations, challenging consent, privacy, and bodily autonomy principles. While open to contributing to medical research, they unanimously demanded greater transparency, informed consent, and control over the secondary use of their health data.

Conclusions
The study underscores the need for culturally safe approaches in HIV testing and ethical governance in healthcare for ACB communities. It highlights the importance of prioritizing participant empowerment, ensuring transparency, practicing informed consent, and implementing robust data security measures to balance effective HIV information management with the protection of individual rights.
Optimization of a micro-scale air–liquid-interface model of human proximal airway epithelium for moderate throughput drug screening for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Sen Chandani , Rickabaugh Tammy M. , Jeyachandran Arjit Vijey , Yuen Constance , Ghannam Maisam , Durra Abdo , Aziz Adam , Castillo Kristen , Garcia Gustavo , Purkayastha Arunima , Han Brandon , Boulton Felix W. , Chekler Eugene , Garces Robert , Wolff Karen C. , Riva Laura , Kirkpatrick Melanie G. , Gebara-Lamb Amal , McNamara Case W. , Betz Ulrich A. K. , Arumugaswami Vaithilingaraja , Damoiseaux Robert , Gomperts Brigitte N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Many respiratory viruses attack the airway epithelium and cause a wide spectrum of diseases for which we have limited therapies. To date, a few primary human stem cell-based models of the proximal airway have been reported for drug discovery but scaling them up to a higher throughput platform remains a significant challenge. As a result, most of the drug screening assays for respiratory viruses are performed on commercial cell line-based 2D cultures that provide limited translational ability.

Methods
We optimized a primary human stem cell-based mucociliary airway epithelium model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in 96-well air–liquid-interface (ALI) format, which is amenable to moderate throughput drug screening. We tested the model against SARS-CoV-2 parental strain (Wuhan) and variants Beta, Delta, and Omicron. We applied this model to screen 2100 compounds from targeted drug libraries using a high throughput-high content image-based quantification method.

Results
The model recapitulated the heterogeneity of infection among patients with SARS-CoV-2 parental strain and variants. While there were heterogeneous responses across variants for host factor targeting compounds, the two direct-acting antivirals we tested, Remdesivir and Paxlovid, showed consistent efficacy in reducing infection across all variants and donors. Using the model, we characterized a new antiviral drug effective against both the parental strain and the Omicron variant.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the 96-well ALI model of primary human mucociliary epithelium can recapitulate the heterogeneity of infection among different donors and SARS-CoV-2 variants and can be used for moderate throughput screening. Compounds that target host factors showed variability among patients in response to SARS-CoV-2, while direct-acting antivirals were effective against SARS-CoV-2 despite the heterogeneity of patients tested.
Disparities in Cancer Mortality Worldwide: A Novel Metric for Measuring Global Disparities and Prioritizing Cancer Control Efforts
Authors: Diehl Thomas M. , Ahmed Kaleem S. , Pourdashti Sheida , Stalter Lily , Hellner Jessica , Harrison Ewen M. , Zafar Syed Nabeel 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE
Cancer incidence is rising worldwide and estimated to double by 2040. A systematic method of allocating resources and prioritizing cancer control efforts is needed. We aimed to develop and test a simple metric to quantify disparities in cancer mortality.

METHODS
We extracted country-specific incidence and mortality rates for 33 cancers from 185 countries using data from Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020. Mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) were calculated for each cancer in every country. Delta MIRs (dMIRs) were calculated as the difference between a country's MIR and the MIR of the highest performing country for each cancer. dMIR was validated against human development index (HDI), gender development index (GDI), and life expectancy index (LEI) using scatter plots, correlation coefficients, and linear regression.

RESULTS
Among 185 countries in the GLOBOCAN 2020 data set, mortality and incidence estimates were available for 54 high-income, 47 upper-middle–income, 54 lower-middle–income, and 27 low-income countries. The United States was the highest performing country for 10 of the 33 cancer subtypes, and South Korea was the highest performing country for eight cancer subtypes. Significant variation in dMIR was observed across the globe. The highest dMIRs were in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, and the lowest dMIRs were in North America, Western Europe, and Australasia. dMIR showed strong correlations with HDI, GDI, and LEI.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, dMIR is a novel and robust metric that can be used to track disparities in global cancer mortality and prioritize cancer control initiatives. We benchmarked cancer care performance for 33 cancers across 182 countries and provide country- and cancer-specific priority lists.
Proposals for the Implementation of a Multidimensional Platform That Allows the Advancement of Oncology Nursing in the Latin American Environment (The INCREASE Proposal)
Authors: Parra Milena , Prada Andrea , Casallas Alexander , Gutiérrez-Babativa Liliana , Jaramillo Andrea , Bernal Lina , Klumpp Claudia Cristina , Sánchez Natalia , Wagner-Gutíerrez Nicolle , Cardona Andrés F. 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE
Cancer constitutes a significant global health challenge, with projections indicating a continued increase in its prevalence in the foreseeable future. This trend is particularly pronounced in Latin America (LATAM), where the cancer burden has increased substantially over the coming decades. Concurrently, nursing, which represents the largest segment of the health care workforce globally, is important for addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by cancer care, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the essential role of nursing in cancer care, several barriers hinder its optimal contribution, particularly in LMICs. These challenges include professional hierarchy, insufficient educational standards, underfunding for research, and limited representation in decision-making processes.

METHODS
To address these challenges, collaborative initiatives, such as the INCREASE Proposal, have emerged, aimed at fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and action in oncology nursing within LATAM. Through focused workshops and agile methodologies, the INCREASE Proposal seeks to identify barriers and formulate solutions across key areas including education, research, clinical practice, and policy implementation.

RESULTS
The outcomes of the INCREASE Proposal underscore the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to strengthen oncology nursing in the LATAM. These strategies include enhancing education and recognition within health care systems, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, leveraging advanced technologies, conducting cost-benefit analyses, and promoting research-academic partnerships.

CONCLUSION
By addressing these challenges and implementing the proposed solutions, LATAM can advance toward optimized oncology nursing practice, improving cancer care delivery and outcomes across the region.
Interplay of SHH, WNT and BMP4 signaling regulates the development of the lamina propria in the murine ureter
Authors: Straube Philipp , Beckers Anja , Jany Ulrich W. H. , Bergmann Florian , Lüdtke Timo H.-W. , Rudat Carsten , Trowe Mark-Oliver , Peters Imke , Klopf Maximilian G. , Mamo Tamrat M. , Kispert Andreas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
In mammalian ureters, the lamina propria presents as a prominent layer of connective tissue underneath the urothelium. Despite its important structural and signaling functions, little is known how the lamina propria develops. Here, we show that in the murine ureter the lamina propria arises at late fetal stages and massively increases by fibrocyte proliferation and collagen deposition after birth. WNT, SHH, BMP4 and retinoic acid signaling are all active in the common mesenchymal progenitor of smooth muscle cells and lamina propria fibrocytes. However, around birth, the lamina propria becomes a target for epithelial WNT and SHH signals and a source of BMP4 and retinoic acid. SHH and WNT signaling promote lamina propria and smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation at fetal and early postnatal stages, whereas BMP4 signaling is required for early smooth muscle cell differentiation but not for its later maintenance. Our findings suggest that, in the presence of SHH and WNT signaling, it is the modulation of BMP4 signaling which is the major determinant for the segregation of lamina propria and smooth muscle cells.
Design of a miniaturized dual-view objective lens system for electronic endoscopy
Authors: Shangguan Jiawei , Li Yongliang , Li Jiahang , Feng Hailong , Wang Ning , Zhang Xinyuan 
Published: January 2025

This study presents the design of a miniaturized dual-view objective lens system for electronic endoscopy. By modifying the second reflective surface of the panorama annular lens, the issue of limited light aperture in the forward-view structure of existing dual-view panoramic systems can be addressed. The forward-view structure captures light within a ±45∘ range, whereas the side-view structure covers (45∘−85∘)×360∘, resulting in a total field of view (FOV) of ±85∘ with a compactness ratio of 1.48. The system had an overall length of 7.62 mm and a maximum outer diameter of 4.1 mm. At a Nyquist frequency of 167 lp/mm, the modulation transfer function (MTF) exceeds 0.35 across the full FOV, with a relative illumination greater than 0.7 and an f−θ distortion of less than 10%. This system achieves wide-angle imaging under miniaturization constraints and has significant application value.
FPGA-based automatic laser frequency stabilization system using the dynamic time warping algorithm
Authors: Zhang Hongqiao , Li Zhaohui , Wang Yurong , Huang Haiyan , Hang Chao , Wu Guang 
Published: January 2025

Achieving laser frequency stabilization is essential for high-precision applications in unmanned environments. This paper presents an FPGA-based automatic laser frequency stabilization system using the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm. We utilize DTW’s pattern recognition capability to directly identify spectrum signals during the locking process. Experiments were conducted using rubidium (Rb) polarization spectroscopy with an external cavity diode laser (ECDL) at 795 nm. Results indicate that the system can achieve automatic frequency locking and relocking within approximately 10 s, with a frequency stability of 6.09×10−10@1s, 1.38×10−11@1000s. Compared with existing methods, this approach innovatively introduces an advanced algorithm, to the best of our knowledge, reducing development complexity and providing an effective solution for laser frequency stabilization in unmanned environments.
CohortDiagnostics: Phenotype evaluation across a network of observational data sources using population-level characterization
Authors: Rao Gowtham A. , Shoaibi Azza , Makadia Rupa , Hardin Jill , Swerdel Joel , Weaver James , Voss Erica A. , Conover Mitchell M. , Fortin Stephen , Sena Anthony G. , Knoll Chris , Hughes Nigel , Gilbert James P. , Blacketer Clair , Andryc Alan , DeFalco Frank , Molinaro Anthony , Reps Jenna , Schuemie Martijn J. , Ryan Patrick B. 
Published: January 2025

Objective
This paper introduces a novel framework for evaluating phenotype algorithms (PAs) using the open-source tool, Cohort Diagnostics.

Materials and methods
The method is based on several diagnostic criteria to evaluate a patient cohort returned by a PA. Diagnostics include estimates of incidence rate, index date entry code breakdown, and prevalence of all observed clinical events prior to, on, and after index date. We test our framework by evaluating one PA for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and two PAs for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) across 10 different observational data sources.

Results
By utilizing CohortDiagnostics, we found that the population-level characteristics of individuals in the cohort of SLE closely matched the disease’s anticipated clinical profile. Specifically, the incidence rate of SLE was consistently higher in occurrence among females. Moreover, expected clinical events like laboratory tests, treatments, and repeated diagnoses were also observed. For AD, although one PA identified considerably fewer patients, absence of notable differences in clinical characteristics between the two cohorts suggested similar specificity.

Discussion
We provide a practical and data-driven approach to evaluate PAs, using two clinical diseases as examples, across a network of OMOP data sources. Cohort Diagnostics can ensure the subjects identified by a specific PA align with those intended for inclusion in a research study.

Conclusion
Diagnostics based on large-scale population-level characterization can offer insights into the misclassification errors of PAs.
Identifying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Using Natural Language Processing in a US National Cohort
Authors: John Binu V. , Bastaich Dustin , Mezzacappa Catherine , Ferreira Raphaella D. , Hentschel Austen , Samos Andres , Mahmud Nadim , Taddei Tamar H. , Kaplan David , Serper Marina , Dahman Bassam ,   For the Veterans Analysis of Liver Disease (VALID) group of investigators
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:
Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD) are identified as clinical entities; tools to identify patients from electronic health records (EHRs) to perform large outcome studies are lacking.

METHODS:
In this retrospective study of participants from the Veterans Analysis of Liver Disease cohort assembled from 1/1/2013 to 12/31/2022, a rule-based natural language processing (NLP) algorithm searched EHRs for imaging evidence of hepatic steatosis. This was combined with identification of cardiometabolic risk factors and harmful alcohol use. Algorithm-derived diagnoses of MASLD, MetALD, alcohol-associated steatotic liver disease (ALD), and no steatotic liver disease (SLD) were validated using a blinded review of randomly selected charts.

RESULTS:
Among 817,657 eligible veterans, SLD was present in over half (n = 438,209, 53.5%), including MASLD in 299,259 (36.5%), 99,163 with MetALD (12.1%), and 38,552 (4.7%) with ALD. The NLP algorithm had a high correlation with steatosis on chart review, with a κ of 0.86 (95% CI 0.82–0.90), sensitivity of 0.96, and specificity of 0.90. Classification of MASLD, MetALD, ALD, and no SLD by the algorithm also showed high correlation with chart review, with a κ of 0.87 (95% CI 0.82–0.91). This algorithm identified 299,259 (36.5%) of the study cohort with MASLD, compared with 23,218 patients (2.8%) identified using I
nternational Classification of
D
iseases-9/10 codes.

DISCUSSION:
An algorithm combining rule-based NLP with cardiometabolic risk factors and alcohol use from EHRs accurately identifies and classifies SLD and can be applied in large epidemiologic studies of SLD in the Veterans Health Administration.
Risk of Post-polypectomy Bleeding After Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of the US Collaborative Network
Authors: Beran Azizullah , Elfert Khaled , Patel Feenalie N. , Mohamed Mouhand , Ramai Daryl , Canakis Andrew , Thakkar Shyam , Rex Douglas K. , Bhavsar-Burke Indira , Guardiola John J. 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:
Data on the risk of post-polypectomy bleeding after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in patients with cirrhosis are limited.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study used the US Collaborative Network to assess post-polypectomy bleeding risk after colorectal EMR in patients with cirrhosis compared with controls. Using one-to-one propensity score matching, the primary outcome measured was bleeding within 30 days post-EMR. The bleeding risk was further stratified by cirrhosis severity (compensated and decompensated).

RESULTS:
After propensity score matching, each cohort included 2,381 patients. Patients with cirrhosis had a higher risk of post-polypectomy bleeding (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.82, P = 0.02). However, endoscopic reinterventions for hemostasis were similar between cirrhosis and control cohorts (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.71–2.05, P = 0.50). The post-polypectomy bleeding risk was significantly higher in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.12–2.42, P = 0.01), while those with compensated cirrhosis showed no increased risk of post-polypectomy bleeding (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.85–1.54, P = 0.37).

DISCUSSION:
The post-polypectomy bleeding risk was higher in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, while the bleeding risk was not increased in those with compensated disease. Optimizing patients with cirrhosis, especially with decompensated disease, before colorectal EMR and monitoring for post-procedure bleeding remain important. A conservative, supportive approach to managing bleeding in patients with cirrhosis may be as effective as in those without cirrhosis.
Polarization-controlled metasurface for simultaneous holographic display and three-dimensional depth perception
Authors: Guo Shuhan , Shao Yifan , Zhan Junjie , Yu Jiaqi , Wang Yubo , Choudhury Pankaj K. , Hernandez-Figueroa Hugo E. , Ma Yungui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Simultaneous optical display and depth perception are crucial in many intelligent technologies but are usually realized by separate bulky systems unfriendly to integration. Metasurfaces, artificial two-dimensional optical surfaces with strong light–matter interaction capabilities at deep subwavelength scales, offer a promising approach for manufacturing highly integrated optical devices performing various complex functions. In this work, we report a polarization-multiplexed metasurface that can functionally switch between holographic display and Dammann gratings. By tailoring the incidence polarization, the metasurface can display high-quality holographic images in the Fresnel region or project a uniform spot cloud nearly covering the entire 180° × 180° transmissive space. For the latter, a projection and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction experiment is conducted to elaborate the potential in retrieving 3D complex spatial information. The current results provide a prominent way to manufacture lightweight and highly-integrated comprehensive imaging systems especially vital for cutting-edge intelligent visual technologies.
Friedrich Schleiermachers unbekanntes Buch. Plädoyer für eine Neuausgabe von Friedrich Schleiermachers Reden Über die Religion von 1806
Authors: Patsch Hermann 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Schleiermacher’s Speeches. About religion. Second edition. Berlin 1806, has never been reprinted. The book is completely forgotten. But it can be seen as a new draft in which the author, who has now become a professor of theology and philosophy in Halle, reacts to the latest developments in philosophy (Fichte, Schelling, Hegel). This is done through multiple exchanges of terms and the insertion of completely revised parts. The new edition is intended to provide a philosophical clarification of the relationship between religion and philosophy. The question arises as to whether Schleiermacher merely gave a nuance or a fundamental change in his view of the nature of religion. This question can only be decided by reading the entire newly edited book.
Vordenker wider Willen. Der dogmatische Standpunkt Magnús Eiríkssons
Authors: Schreiber Gerhard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The article focuses on the Icelandic theologian Magnús Eiríksson (1806–1881), whose extensive writings have hitherto been a blind spot in research. The life and authorship of this controversial and independent thinker from the Golden Age of Denmark are sketched out with constant attention to his dogmatic stance, and key themes and motifs of his thought are explored with the aim of theological-historical contextualization. Remarkable similarities are found with the interpretation of the history of Christianity as a process of alienation, later prominently represented by Adolf von Harnack, while Eiríksson also proves to be a forward-looking theologian in other respects, making an in-depth study of his work both rewarding and profitable.
Medicinski otpad u pretpandemijskom i pandemijskom razdoblju COVID-19
Authors: Rakić Anita , Perišić Mladen 
Published: January 2025

Medicinski otpad je otpad koji nastaje prilikom pružanja njege, zaštite i očuvanja zdravlja ljudi te prilikom pružanja različitih usluga tijekom kojih se dolazi u dodir s krvlju i izlučevinama ljudi. Postupci pravilnog prikupljanja i zbrinjavanja otpada pa tako i medicinskog važan su segment u očuvanju javnog zdravlja jer se tim postupcima sprječava izravno ili neizravno prenošenje zaraze. Razvojem sustava za gospodarenje otpadom razvija se i sustav za gospodarenje s medicinskim otpadom i to od mjesta nastanka do konačne dispozicije.<br />
Gospodarenje medicinskim otpadom podrazumijeva sakupljanje i prijevoz te postupke obrade i zbrinjavanja medicinskog otpada. Uslijed pandemije COVID-19 došlo je do znatnog porasta količine medicinskog i farmaceutskog otpada te je tijekom 2020. nastalo četiri puta više medicinskog otpada u odnosu na 2019. Prema podatcima iz Registra onečišćavanja okoliša (baza ROO) najveći dio, 96 % od prijavljenih količina medicinskog otpada, odnosio se na k.b. 18 01 03* – otpad čije je sakupljanje i odlaganje podvrgnuto specijalnim zahtjevima radi prevencije infekcije.<br />
Cilj rada je ukazati na razlike u količini medicinskog i farmaceutskog otpada u razdoblju prije i tijekom pandemije COVID-19 u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji te na postupke zbrinjavanja medicinskog odnosno farmaceutskog otpada.