bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DefensePredictor: A Machine Learning Model to Discover Novel Prokaryotic Immune Systems
Authors: DeWeirdt Peter C. , Mahoney Emily M. , Laub Michael T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnti-phage defense systems protect bacteria from viruses. Studying defense systems has begun to reveal the evolutionary roots of eukaryotic innate immunity and produced important biotechnologies such as CRISPR-Cas9. Dozens of new systems have been discovered by looking for systems that co-localize in genomes, but this approach cannot identify systems outside defense islands. Here, we present DefensePredictor, a machine-learning model that leverages embeddings from a protein language model to classify proteins as defensive. We applied DefensePredictor to 69 diverseE. colistrains and validated 45 previously unknown systems, with >750 additional unique proteins receiving high confidence predictions. Our model, provided as open-source software, will help comprehensively map the anti-phage defense landscape of bacteria, further reveal connections between prokaryotic and eukaryotic immunity, and accelerate biotechnology development.
Linage priming and cell type proportioning depends on the interplay between stochastic and deterministic factors
Authors: Salvidge William M. , Brimson Chris , Gruenheit Nicole , Huang Li-Yao , Pears Catherine J. , Wolf Jason B. , Thompson Christopher R.L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEmbryonic stem cells (ESCs) can break symmetry and differentiate along different lineages, even when exposed to a seemingly identical environment. It is thought that this priming of cells towards different lineages is due to cell-cell variation, although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To address this, we exploit the tractability of the social amoebaDictyostelium discoideum, where cell fate choice also does not depend on spatial cues. We develop and test a model to explain quantitative experimental single cell observations of probabilistic differentiation. The model suggests that cell cycle position affects lineage choice, as previously shown, but that stochastic cell-cell variation also plays a key role. Single cell sequencing reveals genes strongly associated with fate choice exhibit extensive stochastic cell-cell expression variation. Like lineage priming genes in ESCs, they are associated with specific epigenetic modifications, which when perturbed affect their expression and disrupt fate choice. We suggest this represents an adaptive mechanism that increases developmental robustness against perturbations that affect deterministic signals.
The 2.3 Å Structure of A21, a Protein Component of the Conserved Poxvirus Entry-Fusion Complex
Authors: Diesterbeck Ulrike S. , Muslinkina Liya A. , Gittis Apostolos G. , Singh Kavita , Moss Bernard , Garboczi David N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPoxviruses are exceptional in having an entry-fusion complex (EFC) consisting of eleven conserved proteins embedded in the membrane of mature virions. With the goal of understanding the function of the EFC, extensive efforts have been made to determine the structures and roles of its components, and to date, structures have been determined for nine of the eleven proteins. Here, we report the crystal structure of A21, the 10thEFC protein, comprising two α-helices clasping a twisted antiparallel β-sheet stabilized by two conserved disulfide bonds. The stability of each of the three A21 loops is provided by hydrogen bonds between main-chain atoms and several highly conserved residues, making the overall fold of A21 and its orthologs resilient to evolutionary change. Based on AlphaFold modeling and phylogenetic analysis of A21, we suggest that its highly conserved N-terminal transmembrane domain and C-terminal α-helix enable A21 integration into EFC, where it primarily interacts with the G3/L5 subcomplex and the smallest of EFC components, the O3 protein.HighlightsWith the structure of A21 determined by us, the structures of 10 out of the 11 proteins forming the entry-fusion complex (EFC) of the poxvirus are now known.A21 features a highly conserved transmembrane (TM) domain, which, along with the C-α-helix, facilitates the integration of A21 and its orthologs into the EFC.Within the EFC, A21 primarily interacts with the G3/L5 subcomplex and the O3 peptide.
Design and characterization of HIV-1 vaccine candidates to elicit antibodies targeting multiple epitopes
Authors: Gristick Harry B. , Hartweger Harald , Nishimura Yoshiaki , Gavor Edem , Nagashima Kaito , Koranda Nicholas S. , Gnanapragasam Priyanthi N.P. , Kakutani Leesa M. , Segovia Luisa , Donau Olivia , Keeffe Jennifer R. , West Anthony P. , Martin Malcolm A. , Nussenzweig Michel C. , Bjorkman Pamela J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA primary goal in the development of an AIDS vaccine is the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that protect against diverse HIV-1 strains. To this aim, germline-targeting immunogens have been developed to activate bNAb precursors and initiate the induction of bNAbs. While most pre-clinical germline-targeting HIV-1 vaccine candidates only target a single bNAb precursor epitope, an effective HIV-1 vaccine will likely require bNAbs that target multiple epitopes on Env. Here, we report a newly designed germline-targeting Env SOSIP trimer, named 3nv.2, that targets three bNAb epitopes on Env: the CD4bs, V3, and V2 epitopes. 3nv.2 forms a stable trimeric Env and binds to bNAb precursors from each one of the desired epitopes. Importantly, immunization experiments in rhesus macaques and mice demonstrate 3nv.2 elicits the combined effects of its parent immunogens. Our results reported here provide a proof-of-concept for using a germline-targeting immunogen that targets three or more bNAb precursors and present a framework to develop improved next-generation HIV-1 vaccine candidates.
Analytical-based investigation of consequent poles permanent magnet machine: improved air gap flux density formulation
Authors: Jmal Hajer , Souissi Amal , Abdennadher Imen 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This paper aims to an analytical investigation of a consequent poles (CP) permanent magnet machine, to enhance the accuracy of the predicted air gap flux density and thus of the machine performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The machine under study is obtained by the substitution of the poles machines (PMs) that corresponds to south poles, of a conventional surface PM (SPM) machine, by iron pieces of same geometry. First, the analytical model of the air gap flux density generated by a SPM topology is presented. To fit the CP concept, such model has been rearranged based on a virtual SPM machine. Then, an improved prediction of the CP machine air gap flux density is addressed by the incorporation of a south pole rotor correction function.

Findings
An improved prediction of the consequent pole PM machines air gap flux density is addressed by the incorporation of a south pole rotor correction function.

Originality/value
The paper proposes an original approach to enhance the prediction of the air gap flux density of consequent pole machines despite the different magnetic permeability of the north and south poles.
Why do upgrades worsen consumers’ experience with their possessions?
Authors: Pasdiora Maria Alice , Brei Vinicius A. , Nicolao Leonardo 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how product upgrades influence consumers’ hedonic responses to currently owned products, focusing on the underlying attentional mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
Six experiments were conducted, including one pilot study and five main studies, employing various stimuli and methodologies. These experiments used longitudinal designs, manipulated upgrade awareness and measured hedonic decline over time. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed to test the proposed attentional mechanism.

Findings
The studies demonstrate that awareness of product upgrades induces consumers to experience a faster hedonic decline with their current possessions. This effect occurs because upgrades prompt consumers to shift their attention away from the currently owned product. The research provides both mediation-based and moderation-based evidence for this attentional mechanism.

Research limitations/implications
The study primarily focused on product upgrades, and future research could explore this effect in nonproduct domains and investigate potential boundary conditions.

Practical implications
The findings have implications for both consumers and companies in managing product enjoyment and upgrade cycles. Consumers can make more informed decisions about upgrades, while companies can develop strategies to maintain customer satisfaction with current products.

Originality/value
This work offers a novel perspective on the influence of upgrades on consumer behavior by introducing an attention-based account of hedonic adaptation and the consequent upgrade phenomenon, contrasting with previous research that relied on justifiability or contrast effects.
Evaluation of graduated compression stockings: a multi-size analysis of fabric properties and leg pressures
Authors: Gorea Adriana , Megivern Sarah 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the physical properties of a full-size range (S-XXL) of a commonly used brand of medical grade GCS, aimed to provide consistent leg pressures across all sizes, assisting patients recovering from Achilles tendon rupture surgery.Design/methodology/approachThis experimental study analyzed the fabric properties of a full-size range of GCS and evaluated their applied pressures on the Ankle and Calf levels of 14 patients recovering from Achilles tendon rupture surgery. ANOVA was run across multiple dependent variables, Density, Thickness, Weight, Air Permeability, Force, Elongation and Stiffness of stocking fabrics.FindingsResults revealed significant effects for several factors. Sock Size had a significant main effect on Density, Thickness and Force. Level had a significant main effect on Weight, but no interaction effects were significant. Air Permeability was significantly influenced by its main effect and by its interaction with Sock Size. No significant main effects or interactions were found for Elongation. Both Sock Size and Level had significant main effects on Stiffness. The Pressure results showed that the Level variable had a significant effect on Pressure, explaining 40.4% of the variance in Pressure.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen research approach, samples and participants, the research results may lack some generalizability.Practical implicationsThe results highlight the inconsistent fabric properties across a size range of medical grade GCS, with the larger sizes having smaller differences between pressures on the Calf relative to Ankle than the smaller sizes.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified need to study the size range of GCS and the material properties in relation to body pressures. Understanding these differences could help GCS manufacturers improve their sock sizing design process, resulting in more consistent pressure properties across sock sizes, and better therapeutic and recovery patient experience.
Cost stickiness and managerial resilience within organizations: evidence from China
Authors: Bai Min , Zhang Dong , Dong Fangying , Qin Yafeng 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe concept of cost stickiness has emerged as a crucial factor affecting organizational resilience. While prior literature has mainly focused on the short-term performance implications of cost stickiness, this study aims to investigate its influence on organizational resilience over the long term.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning from 2010 to 2019, we examine how cost stickiness impacts organizational resilience and explore the underlying mechanisms. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of cost stickiness and organizational resilience and offers practical insights for businesses aiming to strengthen their resilience amid economic uncertainties.FindingsOur findings suggest that cost stickiness not only promotes sustained performance growth and stabilizes financial outcomes but also enhances organizational resilience. Moreover, we find that macroeconomic policy uncertainty and micro-level corporate governance positively moderate the relationship between cost stickiness and organizational resilience. Additionally, our analysis reveals that organizational slack plays a partial mediating role in this relationship.Research limitations/implicationsIt is essential to clarify the concepts of cost and cost stickiness. Enterprises should scientifically implement the policy concept of “cutting overcapacity and reducing costs” while maintaining a reasonable cost stickiness.Practical implicationsShareholders and institutional investors of enterprises should pay close attention to the behavior of managers to reduce the possibility of “inferior” stickiness due to agency problems. Both external institutional investors and inner shareholders play essential roles in supervising managers.Social implicationsEnterprises should focus on cultivating organizational resilience. Resilience is vital for an enterprise to adapt quickly to external changes, overcome adversity, and make progress. Enterprises should reduce the excessive emphasis on short-term performance, focus on long-term development, cultivate strategic thinking, and establish a corporate culture.Originality/valueThe results show that cost stickiness can enhance organizational resilience. Economic policy uncertainty, the shareholding ratio of institutional investors, and the shareholding ratio of the largest shareholder can inhibit the opportunistic behavior of management, thereby positively regulating the relationship between cost stickiness and organizational resilience.
The impacts of competition and corporate social responsibility on commercial banks’ stability: case study from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Linh Ha , Le Tam Thanh , Ha Hoa Quynh , Nguyen Hung Viet , Bui Minh Tue , Pham Anh Tran Xuan , Bui Anh Quang , Trieu Huong Nguyet 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis research examines how bank competition and corporate social responsibility (CSR) affect the stability of Vietnamese commercial banks.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing data collected from 24 commercial banks spanning the period from 2015 to 2022, the paper employs the two-step system generalized method of moments (SGMM) regression method to find the impact of competition and CSR on commercial banks’ stability in Vietnam.FindingsThe key findings are (1) increased competition boosts commercial bank stability; (2) economic and environmental CSR initiatives adversely affect bank stability, while social CSR has a positive impact; (3) seven other factors are also identified to enhance bank stability, including bank size, cost management efficiency, independent management, inflation, gross domestic product (GDP) growth, monetary policy and volatility time.Originality/valuePrior studies have not concurrently incorporated both CSR and bank competition in their investigations of bank financial stability. Specifically, the comprehensive components of CSR remain underexplored, with a predominant focus on its environmental dimension. This research stands out as one of the few endeavors scrutinizing the influence of competition and CSR on commercial bank financial stability in Vietnam, with a detailed investigation of all three components of CSR.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-04-2024-0316
The Anthropocene rift and social policy – rethinking ontological and epistemological perspectives
Authors: Yuda Tauchid Komara , Mahaswa Rangga Kala 
Published: January 2025

PurposeFor over two decades, diverse social sciences disciplines have placed the Anthropocene among the key factors influencing contemporary ontological and epistemological advancements. However, social policy research and literature focus little on the Anthropocene discussion loop. This article, therefore, discusses how debates on the Anthropocene unfold in social policy understanding and practices; and how they challenge core premises in the path-dependence model on which policy processes are explained.Design/methodology/approachWith a brief reflection on social and public policy studies, we summarise the core literature from the debates regarding the Anthropocene. In this regard, we revisited established policy school traditions that, to our knowledge, have never yet provided a solid basis for responding to the epoch of the Anthropocene rift around the globe.FindingsThe Anthropocene crisis is characterised by constantly evolving social-ecological problems that lack fixed reference points for ending. However, globally, social policy decisions remain bound by conventional practices and ways of thinking developed in static, path-dependency-oriented institutional models. These models and practices ignore the “non-human world”, which has become a central threat to human civilisation and its institutions. As a counter to discourse hegemony, we then present an alternative ontology and epistemology that can navigate uncertainty and socio-ecological relationality, primarily linked to the proposed idea of path-situational. We also emphasise the need for co-production governance that involves meaningful collaboration among various stakeholders within policy-making.Originality/valueThis article contributes to the literature on the intersection between social policy and Anthropocene issues by offering a new narrative that embraces uncertainty and a more assertive political ontology in describing the actual and objective conditions of the crisis. Our argument evolves around two well-established fields of social and public policy scholarship: policy process, policy paradigm and policy practices for outlining future ontological and epistemological elements of policy studies that require researchers and policymaking to move away from static territories (such as path dependency or gradualism) and towards a more dynamic one.
Self-efficacy, learning motivation and academic satisfaction of university students: mediating role of classroom engagement
Authors: Chahal Aarti , Kadian Ravin , Yadav Ritu , Prakash Chand 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis research was conducted to establish and validate a model between self-efficacy, learning motivation and academic satisfaction. The mediating effect of classroom engagement between learning motivation and academic satisfaction was also tested.Design/methodology/approachThis empirical investigation was conducted over a sample of 446 students from state-owned universities in Haryana, India. The sample was drawn using the stratified random sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was distributed for data. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS was used for data analysis.FindingsThe study’s results found that self-regulation, perceived control, persistence and competence were significantly associated with learning motivation, which further proved the significant association with academic satisfaction. The mediating effect of classroom engagement between learning motivation and satisfaction was significant.Originality/valueThis study uniquely examines the interplay between self-efficacy, learning motivation and academic satisfaction among university students, highlighting the crucial mediating role of classroom engagement. By focusing on students from top state-owned universities, it provides valuable insights into how classroom dynamics influence academic outcomes.
A multilayer network model for studying business ecosystems: insights from enterprise architectures in the real estate sector
Authors: Vigren Olli , Eriksson Kent 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis article proposes a Multilayer Network (MLN) model for studying business ecosystems. The model focuses on the flows of products, services and money between buyers and sellers, emphasizing that these flows form both actor-level and emergent system-level ecosystem structures.Design/methodology/approachThe article examines two case studies of real estate owners and their suppliers, using financial transaction data to provide a detailed, data-driven view of business ecosystems.FindingsThe study advances real estate theory by deepening research on the digitalization of real estate owners, especially on their enterprise architectures and supplier networks. Despite size differences, both case firms have similar, complex supplier-network structures. The findings may inform enterprise architecture management and procurement practices in the real estate sector.Originality/valueThe MLN model defines terminology for ecosystem layers and provides methods for establishing ecosystem boundaries. This aligns with the micro-level critique in management and ecosystems research. We conclude by highlighting that event data, when available, can enhance future business ecosystem analysis by enabling the study of broader ecosystem structures with the MLN model.
Muslim employees’ religious and intersectional identities as sources of discrimination: how deeper understanding can improve managerial practice
Authors: Gottardello Debora , Cascón-Pereira Rosalía , Anderson Deirdre 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study aims to explore how intersecting identities shape experiences of workplace discrimination faced by Muslim employees in Catalonia, Spain. We seek to understand the interplay of religion, ethnicity, gender and age in their employment experiences in order to improve managerial practices.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a qualitative approach, conducting in-depth interviews with 39 diverse Muslim employees in Catalonia through convenience and snowball sampling to support an intersectional analysis.FindingsFindings reveal that Muslim employees navigate a workplace environment where their experiences of discrimination are shaped by intersecting identities including religion, age, gender and ethnicity which become salient at various stages of their careers, prompted by HRM practices such as recruitment, selection and promotion. Their experiences as recipients of these practices illuminate the complex ways in which intersecting identities shape the experiences of discrimination. The study reveals the hiding of their religious identity, giving up on traditional career paths, seeking social support from other Muslims and emphasizing privileged identities, to deal with discrimination.Originality/valueThis study deepens understanding of the complexity of religious identity in minorities and explores its role in workplace discrimination. In particular, the research sheds light on the psychological impact in the form of feelings of guilt and shame which arise from coping strategies such as concealing religious markers which are adopted by these employees in response to organizational and managerial practices. Lastly, the paper stresses the need for intersectional approaches in order to improve effectiveness of HR policies and managerial practices.