bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An in vitro evaluation of biofilm removal from simulated root canals using sodium hypochlorite irrigation solution at various temperature settings
Authors: Şenel Kevser , uzun ismail 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Using NaOCl irrigation solution at various temperatures is common for removing biofilms in root canals and isthmus. While numerous studies have examined the impact of temperature on biofilm removal in extracted teeth, there needs to be more research on 3D-printed artificial teeth. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of needle irrigation using NaOCl irrigation solution heated at different temperatures on the structure of E. faecalis biofilm on artificial teeth produced via 3D printing technology.
Materials and Methods
The isthmus in the mesial canals of 55 artificial tooth samples produced using 3D printing technology from the 3D model obtained by micro-CT analysis of the lower first molar tooth was evaluated. Standard strain E. faecalis ATCC 19433 was used to infect artificial tooth specimens. The samples were divided into a negative control group and four experimental groups receiving sodium hypochlorite solutions at 21°C, 45°C, 60°C, and 150°C. Following irrigation, SEM imaging was conducted at varying magnifications to visualize remaining biofilm areas in root canals and isthmus. The ImageJ program quantified biofilm areas in the isthmus region, and statistical analyses, including Shapiro-Wilks, Kruskal Wallis H, and t-tests, were performed on the measurements.
Results
The results did not differ between the control and 21°C groups (P > 0.05). However, removal areas were larger in the 45, 60 and 150°C groups than in the control group (p ≤ 0.05). No difference was observed in the biofilm removal efficiency in different isthmus regions (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
Findings revealed that an increase in temperature increased the removal areas.
Clinical Relevance:
The temperature of the irrigation solution could be as high as possible to obtain optimum removal of the biofilms.
Hyperoside induces cell cycle arrest and suppresses tumorigenesis in bladder cancer through the interaction of EGFR-Ras and Fas signaling pathways
Authors: Yang Kai , Qi Zhi-Xiang , Sun Ming-Xin , Xie Li-Ping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Hyperoside is a natural flavonol glycoside widely found in plants and has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological effects, including anticancer abilities. However, the antitumor effect of hyperoside on bladder cancer has not been studied, and its exact mechanism and targets remain unclear.
Methods
The human bladder cancer cells T24 and 5637 were treated by hyperoside and evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. The variation of proteins was confirmed by Western blot. In vivo studies were conducted using tumor-bearing mice to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of hyperoside in bladder cancer.
Results
We demonstrated for the first time that hyperoside repressed the proliferation of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, hyperoside could not only induce cell cycle arrest, but also cause apoptosis of a few bladder cancer cells. Specifically, hyperoside induced overexpression of EGFR, Ras and Fas proteins, which affects a variety of synergistic and antagonistic downstream signaling pathways, including MAPKs and Akt, ultimately contributing to its anticancer effects in bladder cancer cells.
Conclusions
This study reveals that hyperoside could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the prevention of bladder cancer.
The presence of spread through air spaces predicts poor postoperative survival in pathological IA stage non-small cell lung cancer patients: A meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Jing , Chen Peirui , Wu Jianqiang , Wen Zhi , Wei Jing , Zhao Changming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Spread through air spaces (STAS) is an independent predictive indicator of poor survival in intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether the presence of STAS is significantly related to worse prognosis in early-stage NSCLC, especially in IA stage NSCLC, remains unclear. Thus, this study was designed to explore the role of STAS in predicting postoperative long-term survival of pathological IA stage NSCLC patients based on current evidence.
Methods
Several databases were searched up to January 16, 2023, for relevant studies. The primary and secondary outcomes were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS)/cancer-specific survival (CSS). The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined, and all statistical analyses were conducted by STATA 15.0 software.
Results
A total of eight retrospective studies were included. The pooled results demonstrated that the presence of STAS was significantly associated with worse RFS (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.52–2.23, P < 0.001), OS (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.47–2.39, P < 0.001) and CSS (HR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.05–3.94, P = 0.035) in pathological IA stage NSCLC. In addition, subgroup analysis based on country showed similar results.
Conclusion
The presence of STAS is predictive of poor long-term survival of pathological IA stage NSCLC patients. However, more prospective high-quality studies are still needed to verify the above results.
The clinical indicators predicting the efficacy of acitretin in the treatment of psoriasis
Authors: Luo Li , Gong Yugang , Lu Mao , Li Ling , Tian Yu , Zhang Yalin , Shen Zhu , Yan Huang , Sun Chaonan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To identify the related factors affecting the efficacy of acitretin treatment for psoriasis and the correlations between these factors, thereby guiding the use of acitretin in psoriasis patients.156 cases of hospitalized psoriasis patients who received conventional acitretin treatment from 2018–2022 were collected. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was used as an observation indicator for efficacy. Treatment efficacies were divided into four Grades according to PASI50, PASI75, and PASI90. The patients' basic information, clinical features, laboratory examinations and other factors were retrospectively analyzed for correlations. The ROC curve of Hs-CRP predicting PASI90 was drawn, and the logistic multivariate regression model of AST and efficacy was established. PASI score was positively correlated with acitretin efficacy (r = 0.410, p < 0.001). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was negatively correlated with acitretin efficacy (r=-0.160, P < 0.046). The pre-treatment serum parameters of white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count (NEU), neutrophil ratio (NEU-R), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and albumin (Alb) were different in four efficacy Grades and had a very good correlation. In the ROC curve of PASI90 predicted by Hs-CRP, the area under the curve was 0.731, and the cutoff point was 18.65.Acitretin treatment showed significant efficacy for psoriasis. AST had the highest correlation with therapeutic response and was significant for predicting treatment efficacy. Hs-CRP was meaningful for predicting PASI90. Hs-CRP, NEU-R and Alb had some guiding value in predicting treatment response to acitretin.
Determination of Toluene and Xylene Levels in Postmortem Tissues of Rats as a Human Autopsy Process
Authors: Oflaz Eda , Butun Celal , Kuloglu Merve , Tekin Tugba , Yayla Murat , Mercan Selda , Turkmen Zeynep , Unver Mehmet Fatih 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Toluene and xylene are frequently used aromatic hydrocarbons in industry. It is also a subject of abuse by inhalation since they have lipid solubility and may affect the blood-brain barrier easily. Toluene or xylene exposure has been reported to cause death. Analyzing the levels of Toluene and xylene in toxicological samples obtained during the autopsy process is important for determining the cause of death. It is also known that the levels of toxic substances show differences during the postmortem period. To make a differential diagnosis of toluene or xylene exposure-related deaths, it is necessary to consider the changes in the levels of these two substances in tissues during the postmortem period. This study aimed to examine the changes in toluene or xylene levels in toxicological samples obtained from rats exposed to lethal doses of Toluene or xylene in the postmortem period.
Methods;
In our study, intraperitoneal administration of toluene, xylene, and corn oil for the control group was administered to the female Wistar Albino rats. All three groups of rats were also classified according to their postmortem sampling after 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours. Each group (Toluene, Xylene, Control) had 16 samples in the pool chart. Toluene and xylene levels in all tissue specimens were investigated by Head Space-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Statistical analysis of the data were performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 windows based statistical package program.
Results
Xylene was detected at the maximum level at hour zero in liver, adipose and brain tissues. Toluene was measured at its highest level at hour zero in liver, followed by brain, adipose and blood tissues.
Conclusion
The changes among tissue levels of these two substances in the postmortem period showed different patterns. This Head Space-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method validated for tissue procedures, is highly valuable for determining the amounts of toluene and xylene in tissues
An In-Position Measurement Method of Point Replacing Surface for Triple Eccentric Butterfly Valve Precision Machining
Authors: Wang Dong , Feng Jingyang , Guo Minglong , Wei Zhaocheng , Gao Bin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The machining quality of sealing surface of triple eccentric butterfly valve is crucial to its the sealing performance. Especially, the measuring of sealing surface size is the key to assess the machining quality. Due to the special structure of triple eccentric butterfly valve, the sealing surface size of triple eccentric butterfly valve is difficult and inaccurate to measure in position, which makes it difficult to ensure the machining quality of triple eccentric butterfly valve sealing surface. This will affect the sealing performance of triple eccentric butterfly valve, and result in poor bidirectional sealing, non-interchangeability, and lower machining productivity of the bodies and discs. Based on the above problems, this paper proposes a new measuring method for sealing surface size, i.e., in-position measuring method of point replacing surface. The reliability of method is analyzed and proved from the level of design principle of triple eccentric butterfly valve. Further, the tooling fixture and in-position measuring device of sealing surface size are designed and manufactured based on the measuring method of the point replacing surface. Different from the existing assembling boring process, this paper designs and manufactures a new boring tooling fixtures and develops an integrated process of measuring and machining. After the preliminary measuring and machining test, the reproducibility of the results was good, parts interchangeability and bidirectional sealing could be realized. And the application of this machining process significantly shortened the machining time and increases the machining efficiency by 25%.
Preliminary metabolomics-based predictive models for myelosuppression in breast cancer patients with different anthracycline chemotherapy
Authors: Li Pan , Lao Si xian , qin Lulu , Guo Yi , Wu Yu feng , Jia Wen bin , Huang Min , Zhong Yan , Zhong Guo ping , Zeng Weiwei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Myelosuppression is a common adverse effect in breast cancer patients receiving anthracyclines combined with cyclophosphamide chemotherapy. Screening potential biomarkers and building predictive models have implications for clinical management of myelosuppression.
Methodology:
This study collected 103 breast cancer patients in Shenzhen, China, from September 2020 to January 2022, including two different chemotherapy (Epirubicin or Doxorubicin). The plasma samples were collected 48 hours after chemotherapy. Plasma metabolomics were measured using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Q-Exactive. After identification of metabolites and screening of potential differential metabolites, we mapped the key pathways. Further, we established a LASSO-logistic predictive model for myelosuppression.
Results:
In the group of patients treated with doxorubicin, we identified 19 differential metabolites. These metabolites were primarily associated with 6 metabolic pathways, including sphingolipid metabolic pathway, glycine, serine and threonine metabolic pathway, glycerol phospholipid metabolic pathway, tryptophan metabolic pathway, primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway and purine metabolic pathway. From these, a final logistic regression model was developed, incorporating seven variables. This model exhibited an accuracy of 84.91% in predicting chemotherapy-related myelosuppression, with an impressive area under the ROC curve of 0.9571. Similarly, in patients who received epirubicin, we uncovered 20 differential metabolites that were linked to 14 metabolic pathways, encompassing taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamic acid metabolism, and more. A final logistic regression model was constructed, encompassing 12 variables. This model demonstrated an accuracy of 82.35% in predicting the occurrence of chemotherapy-related myelosuppression, with an area under the ROC curve reaching 0.9198.
Conclusion:
In this study, potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways related to myelosuppression were screened by non-targeted metabolomics. The prediction models of myelosuppression in different chemotherapy populations was constructed, and the models demonstrated robust discriminatory and predictive capabilities. Our novel findings suggested that metabolomics provided unique insights into formulating individualized medication strategies for anthracyclines combined with cyclophosphamide in breast cancer patients.
An UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS method for accurate quantification of short-chain fatty acids in serum from an older Chinese population
Authors: Wang Sheng , Feng Rui , Kong Li , Zhou Rui , Hu Fang-ting , Sun Shu-Jing , Chen Guan-Jun , Tao Fang-Biao , Liu Kai-Yong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, and crotonic acid, play key biological roles and are also strongly associated with the maintenance of health and the development of age-related diseases. However, an accurate method for SCFA detection in human serum is lacking. Herein, we developed an UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap MS method based on 3-nitrophenylhydrazine derivatization in negative electrospray ionization through parallel reaction monitoring mode for the simultaneous detection of 11 SCFAs in the serum, and the analysis was performed on an Agilent Proshell 120 EC-C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.7 µm). Three pairs of isomers—isobutyric and butyric acid, isovaleric and valeric acid, and isocaproic and caproic acid—were completely separated in 20 min in a single run. Our method exhibited satisfactory linearity (r > 0.99) for all analytes, and both intrabatch and interbatch accuracies (73.74–127.9%) and precisions (˂21%) were acceptable. The extraction recoveries of all analytes were 90.80–111.7%, and the IS-normalized matrix effects were 74.43–116.9%. This optimized method was successfully applied to a cohort of 1021 older Chinese individuals. Our results may further the understanding of the metabolic phenotypes associated with SCFAs in other populations.
Effects of SMILE and FS-LASIK on choroidal thickness and blood flow density in patients with myopia
Authors: Yang Shirui , Qian Tiantian , Tang Min , Zhang Jing , Hou Jie , Dong Yahui , Lei Yulin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in choroidal thickness and blood flow density after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) using an optical coherence tomography system (OCT).
Methods: In this study, patients who underwent myopia surgery between May 2021, and October 2022, were randomly selected. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of surgical method: SMILE group and FS-LASIK group. The diopter, axial length of the eyeball, choroidal thickness, and blood flow density of the patients were tracked and measured before the surgery, and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgery.
Results: A total of 56 patients (112 eyes) were included in the study, with 35 individuals (70 eyes) in the SMILE group and 21 individuals (42 eyes) in the FS-LASIK group. The postoperative diopter of both groups showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05), and the axial length of the eyes was shorter than the baseline level (P < 0.05). After the operation, the choroidal thickness of the two groups showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing at multiple measurement sites, and only few sites were basically stable after the thickness increased. No significant change was observed in the choroidal blood flow density between the two groups after the operation.
Conclusion: In this study, the axial length of the eye shortened after SMILE and FS-LASIK, the thickness of the choroid at only few sites increased and remained stable, and the choroidal blood flow density did not change significantly. The choroid was less affected after corneal refractive surgery.
The combined effects of temperature and exogenous bacterial sources on mortality in Crassostrea virginica under severe hypoxia
Authors: Steeves Laura , Winterburn Keryn , Coffin Michael R. S. , Babarro Jose M. F. , Guyondet Thomas , Comeau Luc A. , Filgueira Ramon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In aquatic environments, low dissolved oxygen concentrations can result in depressed bivalve defense systems while promoting anaerobic bacterial growth, ultimately leading to increased bivalve mortality rate. There are discrepancies between laboratory and field studies examining bivalve mortality under low oxygen conditions, possibly leading to an underestimation of the impact of hypoxic events. Indeed, laboratory studies typically exclude potentially influential factors that may affect survival, e.g., exogenous bacteria. In this study, adult oyster (Crassostrea virginica, 60 ± 5 mm shell length) survivability was investigated during severe hypoxia (< 0.1 mgO2L− 1) in combination with high temperature (20˚C vs. 28˚C), and the introduction of a secondary bacteria source (anoxic marine sediment). In addition, an experiment tested if the conventional methodological approach in these types of experiments, i.e., removing dead bivalves from the population, impacted survivability. Results demonstrate that at the highest tested temperature (28˚C) the effect of a secondary bacterial source did not significantly impact survival rates (time taken for half the population to die (LT50) (LT50: 9.7 ± 0.5 vs. 10.9 ± 0.4 days secondary bacterial source vs. no secondary bacterial source, respectively). However, at the lower temperature (20˚C) the presence of a secondary bacterial source did decrease survival rates (LT50: 9.8 ± 0.4 vs. 13.7 days bacterial source vs. no secondary bacterial source, respectively). Additionally, dead oyster removal increased oyster survivability in all treatments relative to when they were not removed. This study highlights the mechanisms by which mortality rates are underestimated in laboratory compared to field studies.
Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Injury Methods for Establishing Stable Tracheal Stenosis Animal Models
Authors: Lin Hongbin , Ainiwaer Mailudan , Jiang Zheng , Wang Zhenyan , Liu Jun , Chen Fei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To compare the stability of different mechanical injury methods for establishing tracheal stenosis animal models with endoscopic assistance and explore the feasibility of tracheal stoma in the establishment of tracheal stenosis animal models.Twenty-one healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. In the experimental group, eight rabbits underwent tracheal incision followed by steel brush scraping with endoscopic assistance. In the control group, nylon brush scraping was performed. The control group was further divided into two subgroups (Group A and Group B). Group A consisted of eight rabbits undergoing scraping without tracheal stoma, while Group B included five rabbits undergoing scraping followed by tracheal stoma. All experimental rabbits were observed under endoscopy for tracheal stenosis changes at 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days after scraping. On the 21st day, the rabbits were euthanized, and histological observations were conducted after HE staining of the specimens.All 16 rabbits in the group without tracheal stoma survived well. The experimental group showed significant stenosis compared to Group A of the control group (P<0.05). All rabbits in Group B of the control group died at different time points after the operation. HE and Masson staining of the narrowed tracheal specimens revealed a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration in the submucosa, along with fibroblast proliferation and abundant deposition of collagen fibers.Compared to nylon brush scraping, steel brush scraping with endoscopic assistance is a more effective method for mechanically inducing stable and pronounced tracheal stenosis in animal models. However, the survival of experimental rabbits undergoing tracheal fistula remains challenging and requires further exploration.
Single DC-Link based 5-Level MLI topology for Renewable and grid Applications with fewer Switches
Authors: TIWARI ANURAG 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article describes a 5-level single DC source multilevel inverter(SDS-MLI) with fewer components and optimum efficiency. MultipleDC source MLI topologies are presently deemed unsuitable for arange of applications, such as renewable energy (RE) conversion systemsand grid applications, while single DC source MLI topologies aremore suitable. Existing MLI circuits have more active/passive components,but the SDS-MLI design employs a level-doubling network,requires fewer components, and reduces the DC-link voltage for gridapplications. The SDS-MLI uses one capacitor, six switches, and aDC supply. A primary control method enforces a well-known phasedisposition carrier arrangement to actualize the presented configuration.Existing systems are evaluated based on the number of activeand passive components, their efficiency, capacitor voltage, and voltagestress. In comparison to existing topologies, SDS-MLI has fewercomponents, a lower capacitor voltage, and less TSVs to achieve anefficiency of 98.66%. MATLAB/Simulink and experimental setups areused to verify the SDS-MLI architecture. On the basis of experimentalsetup and simulation, the number of load voltage & load currentwaveforms under various situations such as variable load, varied inputsupply, different frequencies, and different modulation indexes are shown.