bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for pathological fracture in patients with mandibular osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Ohori Hiroaki , Iwata Eiji , Takeda Daisuke , Kusumoto Junya , Hasegawa Takumi , Akashi Masaya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOsteoradionecrosis (ORN) often results in pathological fractures through progression. We aimed to identify the risk factors for pathological fracture in patients with mandibular ORN. Seventy-four patients with mandibular ORN were included in this retrospective study. We investigated various risk factors for pathological fracture in patients with mandibular ORN, including number of mandibular teeth with a poor prognosis each at initial evaluation before radiation therapy (RT) and when fracture occurred, and the proportion of antibiotic administration period in a follow-up duration after RT. The rate of occurrence of pathological fractures in patients with mandibular ORN was 25.7%. The median of duration between RT completion and fracture occurrence was 74.0 months. We found that pathological fracture was significantly associated with a larger number of mandibular teeth with a poor prognosis at initial evaluation before RT (P = 0.024) and when fracture occurred (P = 0.009). Especially, a larger number of mandibular teeth with P4 periodontitis, in other words severe periodontal status, was related to pathological fracture in both timings. The proportion of antibiotic administration period in a follow-up duration was also significant risk factor (P = 0.002). Multivariate analyses showed statistically significant associations between pathological fracture and a larger number of mandibular teeth with a poor prognosis when fracture occurred (hazard ratio 3.669). The patient with a larger number of mandibular teeth with P4 periodontitis may have a risk of not only occurrence of ORN but resulting in pathological fracture by accumulation of infection. Surgeons should consider extraction of those teeth regardless of before/after RT if necessary for infection control.
Metabolic profile in first episode drug naïve patients with psychosis and its relation to cognitive functions and social cognition: a case control study
Authors: Sayed Samir El , Gomaa Sarah , Alhazmi Alaa , ElKalla Ibrahem , Khalil Dalia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract1st episode drug naïve patients with psychosis might be at higher risk for cardiometabolic disturbances which could affect the different cognitive, and executive functions and domains of social cognition. This study aimed to study the metabolic parameters in 1st episode drug naïve patients with psychosis, to evaluate the relation of these cardiometabolic domains to the cognitive, executive functions, and social cognition. Socio-demographic characteristics of 150 first episode drug naïve patients with psychosis and 120 matched healthy control groups were collected. The current study also assessed the cardiometabolic profile and cognitive functions in both groups. Social cognition was examined by Edinburgh Social Cognition Test. The study revealed a statistically significant difference in parameters of metabolic profile among the studied groups (p < 0.001*), the scores of cognitive and executive tests were statistically significantly different (p < 0.001*). In addition, the patient's group has lowered scores of domains of social cognition (p < 0.001*). Also, the mean affective theory of mind was negatively correlated with the conflict cost of the Flanker test (r = -.185* p value = .023). The total cholesterol level (r = − 0.241**, p value = .003) and level of triglycerides (r = − 0.241**, p value = 0.003) were negatively correlated with the interpersonal domain of social cognition, the total cholesterol level is positively correlated to the total score of social cognition (r = 0.202*, p value = 0.013). Patients with 1st episode drug naïve psychosis showed disturbed cardiometabolic parameters which have deleterious effects on cognitive functions and social cognition.
Dynamical dissipative and radiative flow of comparative an irreversibility analysis of micropolar and hybrid nanofluid over a Joule heating inclined channel
Authors: Raju S. Suresh Kumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis report scrutinized the influence of radiation and Ohmic heating on the dissipative flow of micropolar and hybrid nanofluid within an inclined length $$2h$$

2
h

channel under convective boundary conditions. Primary flow equations are renewed as the system of NODEs with the assistance of proper similarity conversions. In two circumstances, hybrid fluid flow and micropolar fluid flow, a blend of shooting and Runge–Kutta 4th order strategy, is used to achieve the desired results. The critical consequences of the current study are Larger pressure gradient minimizes the fluid velocity, and a more significant inertia parameter minimizes the rotation profile in the case of Newtonian fluid flow but facilitates the same in the case of hybrid nanofluid flow. It is perceived that the escalation in Brinkmann number causes the amelioration in the fluid temperature, and the radiation parameter mitigates the same. Furthermore, it is discovered that the Grashoff number enhances the Bejan number at the centre of the channel but lessens the same at other areas. Finally, validation is executed to compare the current outcomes with the former results and perceive a good agreement.
Study of workshop network stability based on pinning control in disturbance environment
Authors: Li Xiaojuan , Cui Gaojian , Li Shunmin , Zhang Fangyuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the production process, the manufacturing behavior and all the essential factors are affected by several disturbance factors, showing a complex dynamic fluctuation law. It makes the stability control process a difficult problem in environmental constraints. In this paper, the workshop production process is considered, and an improved coupled map lattice workshop production network state model is proposed. On this basis, the controller with the function of resource load protection is designed, and the network state model of the workshop based on the pinning control is developed. Three kinds of stability control strategies, SAC (Self-adaption Control) , SC (Self-acting Control) and PC (Pinning Control) , are designed based on disturbance triggering behavior and node state transition rules. In addition, two control effect evaluation indexes, RTS (Recovery Time Steps) and NFT (Node Failure Times) are designed. Considering the actual production data of diesel fuel injection system parts production workshop as example, the model is simulated and verified. The results show that under different disturbance intensities, compared with the SAC strategy, the RTS-Average value of the PC strategy is reduced by 29.83% on average, and the NFT-Average values are reduced by 46.9% on average. This proves that the pinning control strategy has certain advantages in controlling time length and propagation scale of disturbance propagation.
Quantifying mutant huntingtin protein in human cerebrospinal fluid to support the development of huntingtin-lowering therapies
Authors: Vauleon Stephanie , Schutz Katharina , Massonnet Benoit , Gruben Nanda , Manchester Marianne , Buehler Alessandra , Schick Eginhard , Boak Lauren , Hawellek David J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuntington’s disease (HD) is caused by a cytosine adenine guanine-repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene. This results in the production of toxic mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT), which has an elongated polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch near the protein’s N-terminal end. The pharmacological lowering of mHTT expression in the brain targets the underlying driver of HD and is one of the principal therapeutic strategies being pursued to slow or stop disease progression. This report describes the characterisation and validation of an assay designed to quantify mHTT in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with HD, for use in registrational clinical trials. The assay was optimised, and its performance was characterised with recombinant huntingtin protein (HTT) varying in overall and polyQ-repeat length. The assay was successfully validated by two independent laboratories in regulated bioanalytical environments and showed a steep signal increase as the polyQ stretch of recombinant HTTs pivoted from wild-type to mutant protein forms. Linear mixed effects modelling confirmed highly parallel concentration–response curves for HTTs, with only a minor impact of individual slopes of the concentration–response for different HTTs (typically < 5% of the overall slope). This implies an equivalent quantitative signal behaviour for HTTs with differing polyQ-repeat lengths. The reported method may be a reliable biomarker tool with relevance across the spectrum of HD mutations, which can facilitate the clinical development of HTT-lowering therapies in HD.
Schulter – Rotatorenmanschette
Authors: Weiß Isabella , Akgün Doruk 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungLäsionen der Rotatorenmanschette sind eine häufige Pathologie. Dieser Übersichtsartikel fasst die zentralen Aspekte in der Diagnostik zusammen. Es werden die wichtigsten Funktionstests
und die aktuell gängigen Klassifikationen erläutert. Anschließend gibt der Artikel einen Überblick über Therapieoptionen und die Nachbehandlungsstrategien nach operativer Versorgung einer
Rotatorenmanschettenruptur.
Imaging of Anatomical Variants Around the Knee
Authors: Sconfienza Luca Maria , Albano Domenico , Messina Carmelo , Gitto Salvatore , Mariani Pier Paolo , Zappia Marcello 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSeveral anatomical variants have been described in the knee. These variants may involve intra- and extra-articular structures, such as menisci, ligaments, plicae, bony structures, muscles, and tendons. They have a variable prevalence, are generally asymptomatic, and are usually discovered incidentally in knee magnetic resonance imaging examinations. A thorough knowledge of these findings is essential to avoid overestimating and overinvestigating normal findings. This article reviews most anatomical variants around the knee, describing how to avoid misinterpretation.
Imaging of Anatomical Variants Around the Hip
Authors: Klontzas Michail E. , Vassalou Evangelia E. , Zibis Aristeidis H. , Karantanas Apostolos H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConsidering the current widespread use of imaging as an integral part of managing hip pain, variable hip geometries and anatomical variants are increasingly being detected. These variants are commonly found in the acetabulum and proximal femur, as well as the surrounding capsule-labral tissues. The morphology of specific anatomical spaces confined by the proximal femur and the bony pelvis may also vary significantly among individuals. Familiarity with the spectrum of imaging appearances of the hip is necessary to identify variant hip morphologies with or without potential clinical relevance and reduce an unnecessary work-up and overdiagnosis. We describe anatomical variations and variable morphologies of the bony structures comprising the hip joint and the soft tissues, around the hip. The potential clinical significance of these findings is further analyzed in conjunction with the patient's profile.
Rethinking remote warfare
Authors: Rogers James 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRemote Warfare is a product of the bellicose twenty-first century in which we live. Promises of a century, that would shun violence, revere international law, and outshine the darkness of the Cold War, have long since fallen by the wayside. Instead, the tragic events of 9/11, 2001, led the USA and its allies down the path to war and to the unforeseen consequences that transpired. As Sir Michael Howard argued back in 2006, ‘President Bush’s declaration of a “War Against Terror” was a war for which the United States claimed a hunter’s licence to use force anywhere in the world and the right to dispense with all the restraints of international law that they had done so much to create’ (Howard, 2006). This special issue analyses the legacies and emerging international implications of this ‘hunter’s licence’ and the remote military technologies/remote practices of Western warfare that were pioneered to fulfil it.
Molecular modeling and simulation of aqueous solutions of alkali nitrates
Authors: Schaefer Dominik , Kohns Maximilian , Hasse Hans 
Published: April 2023

A set of molecular models for the alkali nitrates (LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3, RbNO3, and CsNO3) in aqueous solutions is presented and used for predicting the thermophysical properties of these solutions with molecular dynamics simulations. The set of models is obtained from a combination of a model for the nitrate anion from the literature with a set of models for the alkali cations developed in previous works of our group. The water model is SPC/E and the Lorentz–Berthelot combining rules are used for describing the unlike interactions. This combination is shown to yield fair predictions of thermophysical and structural properties of the studied aqueous solutions, namely the density, the water activity and the mean ionic activity coefficient, the self-diffusion coefficients of the ions, and radial distribution functions, which were studied at 298 K and 1 bar; except for the density of the solutions of all five nitrates and the activity properties of solutions of NaNO3, which were also studied at 333 K. For calculating the water the activity and the mean ionic activity coefficient, the OPAS (osmotic pressure for the activity of selvents) method was applied. The new models extend an ion model family for the alkali halides developed in previous works of our group in a consistent way.
Low-temperature oxidative dehydrogenation of propane over NiV mixed oxides derived from LDH precursors
Authors: Liu Zhenxing , Wang Jiang , Wu Kailu , Xu Aiju , Jia Meilin 
Published: April 2023

A series of NiV mixed metal oxide (MMO) catalysts were derived from the NiV layered double hydroxides (LDHs) synthesized by the constant pH coprecipitation method. The synthesis parameters, (i) Ni/V molar ratio and (ii) calcination temperature ( Tp), were controlled. The MMO catalysts were characterized by physicochemical characterization techniques and then tested for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP). The results showed that the calcination temperature affected the crystalline phase formation and grain size of NiO, as well as the activated temperature of propane, and the addition of V greatly regulated the activity and quantity of the surface oxygen species and improved the propylene selectivity. 4NiV-500 catalyst (Ni/V = 4, Tp = 500 °C) exhibited the best catalytic performance at low temperature (250 °C) with an initial propylene selectivity of about 70%. Therefore, it is an effective method to obtain NiV MMO catalysts with excellent low-temperature activity for ODHP, using LDHs as the precursors while controlling the appropriate amount of V and calcination temperature simultaneously.
Research on excited states of PPV-COF spectra based on first principles
Authors: Tang Xudong , Ding Wangyang , Chen Nan , Li Mingyang , Li Jiayu , Liu Boxun 
Published: April 2023

An in-depth understanding of the excitation mechanism of covalent organic frameworks (COF) materials is very important for the preparation and modification of two-dimensional materials. This paper investigates the photoelectric properties of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV)-based COFs using first principles and quantum chemistry. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT were employed to analyze the state density and band structure of PPV-COF, confirming that PPV-COF has a direct bandgap of 2.15 eV. We further analyze the electron–hole distribution of all excited states with vibrator strength greater than 0.01, and discuss the mechanism of electron transition after photon absorption in each excited state of PPV-COF. Finally, based on quantitative calculations, UV-visible spectra of PPV-COF are provided. Our results showed that PPV-COF has a good photoelectric performance, which is beneficial to the application of PPV-COF in optoelectronic devices.
An Australian exploratory study of individual physical functioning and wellbeing of rural clients with chronic diseases whose structured exercise groups were cancelled due to social distancing requirements of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Romein Jake , Bishop Jaclyn 
Published: April 2023

Background The primary aim of this study was to describe if there was a change in physical functioning of rural clients with chronic diseases who were unable to attend their structured exercise groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary aim was to describe their physical activity during lockdown and their wellbeing upon return to their structured exercise groups. Method Physical functioning measures collected in January to March 2020 (prior to suspension of structured exercise groups due to the lockdown) were repeated in July 2020 (when face-to-face activity resumed) and compared. A survey collected information about the client’s level of physical activity during lockdown and wellbeing measures at the end of the lockdown. Results Forty-seven clients consented to provide physical functioning tests and 52 completed the survey. Only the modified 2-min step-up test displayed a statistically (but not clinically) significant change (n = 29, 51.7 vs 54.1 rep, P = 0.01). Physical activity undertaken during lockdown was less in 48% (n = 24), the same in 44% (n = 22) and increased in 8% (n = 4) of clients. Despite the lockdown, clients had high global satisfaction, high subjective wellbeing and normal resilience. Conclusions Clinically significant changes in physical functioning when clients were unable to attend structured exercise groups for three months during the COVID-19 pandemic were not observed in this exploratory study. Further research is required to confirm the impact of isolation on physical functioning in those participating in group exercise to improve their chronic disease management.
The semantic mapping of the German spatial preposition JENSEITS
Authors: Kermer Franka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the semantic value of the German spatial preposition jenseits (‘beyond’). It is argued that our conceptualization of the spatial-physical world and how we interact with objects in our environment transforms a prepositions’ primary meaning into domains of meaning that are tied to time or social interactions. While the study of the semantic structure of English prepositions has received attention, German prepositions, particularly less frequently used ones such as hinter (‘behind’) or jenseits, present a gap in research. It is attempted to show that the different senses of jenseits form a semantic network in which meaning extensions of the spatial, primary sense of jenseits are motivated by varying construal patterns imposed upon an observed scene. The description of the semantic structure of jenseits also draws on previous studies on its English counterpart, beyond (Boers, 1996; Lindstromberg, 2010). Based on the sample collected for the purpose of this study, this paper analyzes 1000 occurrences of the preposition jenseits in the DWDS-subcorpus Die Zeit. The analysis shows that a high frequency of the occurrences found in the sample constitute non-spatial meanings of jenseits and thus encode a configuration between objects in more abstract domains. Furthermore, the notion of metaphorical mapping is used to explain the conceptualization and metaphorical transfer of spatial jenseits to abstract domains of human experience.
Fish oil supplementation fails to modulate indices of muscle damage and muscle repair during acute recovery from eccentric exercise in trained young males
Authors: Mackay Janna , Bowles Elena , Macgregor Lewis J. , Prokopidis Konstantinos , Campbell Christina , Barber Eloise , Galloway Stuart D. R. , Witard Oliver C. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTWe aimed to investigate the influence of 4‐wk of fish oil (FO) supplementation on markers of muscle damage, inflammation, muscle soreness, and muscle function during acute recovery from eccentric exercise in moderately trained males. Sixteen moderately‐trained males ingested 5 g/d of FO (n = 8) or soybean oil (placebo) capsules (n = 8) for 4‐wk prior to‐ and 3‐d following an acute eccentric exercise bout. Eccentric exercise consisted of 12 sets of isokinetic knee extension and knee flexion. Indices of muscle damage, soreness, function and inflammation were measured at baseline and during exercise recovery. Eccentric exercise elicited an increase in muscle soreness (p < 0.010) and thigh volume (p < 0.001), and reduced peak isometric torque by 31.7 ± 6.9%, (p < 0.05, 95% CI 10.6–52.8) during 3‐d of recovery. Blood omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration was 14.9 ± 2.4% higher in FO than PLA (p < 0.01, 95% CI 9.8–20.1). However, FO did not ameliorate the cumulative creatine kinase response (expressed as AUC; p = 0.368), inflammation (p = 0.400), muscle soreness (p > 0.140), or muscle function (p > 0.249) following eccentric exercise. FO supplementation confers no clear benefit in terms of ameliorating the degree of muscle damage, or facilitating the muscle repair process, during acute eccentric exercise recovery. These data suggest that FO supplementation does not provide an effective nutritional strategy to promote exercise recovery, at least in moderately‐trained young men.Abbreviations: ANOVA: Analysis of variance; AUC: Area under curve; CI: Confidence interval; CK: Creatine kinase; CMJ: Countermovement jump; COX: Cyclooxygenase; CRP: C‐reactive protein; DHA: Docosahexaenoic acid; DOMS: Delayed‐onset muscle soreness; EIMD: Exercise‐induced muscle damage; En%: Energy percent; EPA: Eicosapentaenoic acid; FO: Fish oil; IL‐6: Interleukin‐6; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; LOX: Lipoxygenase; Mb: Myoglobin; mTOR: Mechanistic target of rapamycin; PLA: Placebo; ROM: Range of motion; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; SD: Standard deviation; SEM: Standard error of the mean; TNF‐α: Tumour necrosis factor alpha; VAS: Visual analogue scale; Ω3‐PUFA: Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; Ω6‐PUFA: Omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Towards sustainable transparent flexible heaters: Integration of a BNNT interlayer using green solvent substitution
Authors: Wagner Kaitlin , Zou Shan , Martinez-Rubi Yadienka , Kell Arnold J , Paquet Chantal , Lessard Benoît H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Processing materials in electronics with non-toxic, green solvents can provide environmental benefits while reducing manufacturing health and safety challenges. Unfortunately, green solvents are often unable to provide comparable solubilizing characteristics and present challenges in printing and film formation compared to conventional organic solvents. Therefore, green materials are often developed in parallel to their processing method for successful implementation. In this study, we report on the use of a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and ethanol solution as a replacement for poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and chloroform and its’ first demonstration in boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) thin film interlayers for improved thermal and mechanical performance in silver microgrid transparent heaters. Using PVB/ethanol led to comparable thin films of BNNT, achieving a clear tube network formation across the substrate surface and resulting in near identical optical transparency and surface energy measurements compared to the P3HT/chloroform system. Silver microgrids printed on BNNT-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with PVB as dispersant exhibited a similar conductive performance to the microgrids printed on BNNT-coated PET with P3HT, providing the same level of mechanical endurance and maintaining thermal performance metrics upon applied voltage. The PVB and ethanol system presents an exemplary green material combination for the novel deposition of BNNT thin film interlayers for integration into transparent heaters.