bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Azas Ice Sheet and Its Role in the Formation of Late Pleistocene Ice-Dammed Lakes in Southern Siberia: Case Study of Upper Kharal Paleolake
Authors: Novikov I.S. , Nazarov D.V. , Mikharevich M.V. , Gladysheva A.S. , Ruchkin M.V. , Prudnikov S.G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
—The paper focuses on the surface topography and deposits associated with the Late Pleistocene ice-dammed lake in the valley of the Kharal River dammed by the Azas ice sheet in a depression between the East Sayan and Akademik Obruchev Range. The study includes paleogeographic reconstructions for the time spans before the lake formation and drainage; reconstruction of vegetation in the lake area based on pollen and paleocarpological data; and dating by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and 40Ar/39Ar methods. The OSL and Ar–Ar dates provide more rigorous constraints on the history of deposition and topography in the western Serligkhem Basin. The territory was affected by erosion and subsequent basaltic volcanism at 6.9 ± 0.7 and 2.2 ± 0.7 Ma. The erosion valleys were dammed by the edge of an ice sheet and then by its moraine, which produced large Upper Kharal damlake. According to OSL data, the lake existed between 36 ± 4 and 14 ± 3 ka BP. The related glacial, glaciolimnic, and glaciofluvial facies in the area were deposited at the end of the Late Pleistocene (stages III and IV of regional stratigraphy).
Novel decellularization method to generate cell-free extracellular matrices from three-dimensional human gingival fibroblast cultures
Authors: Ramalingam Rajesvaran , Häkkinen Lari 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tissue and cell type-specific cell-free extracellular matrices generated by various decellularization protocols can be important tools to study cell interactions with their distinct extracellular niche. Our recent findings have shown that the widely used NH4OH/Triton X-100/DNase decellularization method is not able to completely remove cytoskeletal proteins from long-term three-dimensional human gingival fibroblast cultures. Therefore, we developed a novel decellularization protocol that involves sequential incubation of the cultures with latrunculin B, an actin destabilizing agent, deoxycholate, a mild detergent, and DNase. This protocol efficiently removes cytoskeletal proteins, including actin and beta-tubulin, and DNA from the cultures, which could interfere with the cell-matrix interactions of cells seeded on the decellularized matrices.
The correlation between serum APN, Cystatin C and MMP-9 levels and disease severity and prognosis in patients with hypertension during pregnancy: a case control study
Authors: Deng Hui , Zhang Xiao-Xia , Li Hang , Jiang Da-Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore the relationship between serum APN, Cystatin C and MMP-9 levels in patients with hypertension during pregnancy and the severity and prognosis of the disease.
Methods
A total of 75 cases of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) patients who were admitted to the hospital from February 5, 2016 to May 9, 2017, were selected as the study group, and 70 healthy pregnant women who were in the same gestational week were selected as the control group. The serum APN, MMP-9 and Cys C levels of pregnant women and HDCP patients with different disease severity were compared between the two groups, and the receiver characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze its diagnostic value. The serum APN, MMP-9 and Cys C levels of HDCP patients with different prognosis were compared, and the factors affecting the prognosis of patients were analyzed by Logistic regression.
Results
The serum MMP-9 and Cys C levels of pregnant women in the study group were significantly increased, and the APN level was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Serum MMP-9 and Cys C levels in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension, mild preeclampsia, and severe preeclampsia gradually increased (r = 0.768, 0.766; P < 0.001), and APN levels gradually decreased (r=-0.748, P < 0.001). In the diagnosis of patients with HDCP, the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of APN single diagnosis were 70.00%, 82.67% and 9.848 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of MMP-9 single diagnosis were 82.86%, 74.67% and 298.300 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and AUC of Cys C single diagnosis were 80.00%, 74.67% and 1.301 respectively.There were significant differences in age, BMI, parity, dysthymia, disease severity, APN, MMP-9 and Cys between patients with poor prognosis of HDCP and patients with good prognosis of HDCP (P < 0.001).The patient's age, BMI, disease severity, APN, MMP-9 and Cys Cwere all related to HDCP. They were related risk factors of HDCP (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Serum MMP-9 and Cys C levels in HDCP patients are significantly increased, and APN levels are significantly reduced. The three may be involved in the occurrence and development of HDCP, and may become potential serum biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Early Ductal Shunting Patterns in Neonates with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Predict Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Hanna Morcos , Furtun Betul Yilmaz , Gopal Srirupa Hari , Hagan Joseph , Hammond James , II Oluyinka Olutoye , Fernandes Caraciolo , Keswani Sundeep , Gowda Sharada 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
We sought to compare the clinical outcomes in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who have continuous right-to-left versus intermittent or no right-to-left shunting across the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Methods
Retrospective study of 125 patients with CDH was done. Clinical outcomes were compared based on Doppler flow patterns through the PDA on initial echocardiogram.
Results
A total of 93 patients were included. Newborns with continuous right-to-left flow (N = 20) had a significantly increased risk of mortality (35% vs. 13.7%; P = 0.047), need for ECMO (80% vs. 33%; P < 0.001), number of pulmonary hypertension therapies (median 2.5 vs. 1; P < 0.001), and respiratory support. There was no difference in total length of stay or qualitative ventricular function. There was a significantly higher proportion of males among infants with continuous right-to-left ductal flow (P = 0.028).
Conclusion
Continuous right-to-left shunting across the PDA in neonates with CDH is associated with increased mortality and worse clinical outcomes.
Effects of double balloon and dinoprostone induction of labour and factors affecting vaginal delivery in primipara: An analysis of large, single-center clinical data
Authors: Liu Shuhua , Gao Yang , Zhang Bin , Zhou Linlin , Peng Yuwan , Chen Xianxia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of double balloon (DB) and dinoprostone induction of labor (IOL) and identify relevant factors affecting vaginal delivery in primipara with a cervical bishop score <6.
Methods: A total of 636 eligible primiparas with a cervical bishop score <6 were recruited for retrospective case-control analysis,who were divided into two groups, including double balloon group (DBG) (n=474) and dinoprostone group (DG) (n=162), and the basic clinical data of the two groups were collected for comparison. If labour is not progressing or there are no effective contractions, oxytocin is used after intervention. Univariate and multivariate models were used to assess factors influencing vaginal delivery (VD) and VD within 24 hours.
Results: The rates of uterine hyperstimulation and deciding to caesarean section (CS) after IOL within 12 hours were higher in DG (p<0.001,p=0.022,respectively), and the rates of duration of labor within 12 hours and emergency delivery DG had a higher rate of duration of labor within 12 hours were higher in DG (both p<0.001).However,oxytocin augmentation was significantly higer in DBG (p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis shows that bishop Score (p<0.001, OR=5.119, 95%CI 2.539-10.320), birth weight (P<0.001, OR=0.994, 95%CI 0.992-0.996), and obstetric analgesia (P=0.002, OR=5.402, 95%CI 1.816-16.068) were risk factors for VD.Moreover,bishop Score (p=0.024, OR=1.718, 95%CI 1.075-2.748),obstetric analgesia (P=0.013, OR=3.072, 95%CI 1.270-7.413),oxytocin augmentation (p=0.026, OR=0.382, 95%CI 0.164-0.892) were independent influencing factors for VD within 24 hours.
Conclusion: The effect of IOLwithin 24 hours was equivalent between DBG and DG. DBG appears to bea little more superior when considering the complication of IOL, but oxytocin augmentation should also be considered. Bishop Score,obstetric analgesia and oxytocin augmentation were independent influencing factors for VD within 24 hours.
METTL3 modulates autophagy by targeting TFEB in myocardial hypertrophy
Authors: Xie Yanan , Jiao Wei , Kang Shao-Wei , Hao Jie , Liu Jin-Ming , Li Yong-jun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Pathological myocardial hypertrophy is not only the central link of cardiac remodeling, but also an independent risk factor for heart failure. It has been shown that autophagy is closely related to myocardial hypertrophy. The m6A modification element (METTL3 and ALKBH5) interact with TFEB and controls autophagy. The major focus of this study was to find how m6A modification and TFEB mediate autophagy in myocardial hypertrophy progression. Here, we show that down-regulation of TFEB expression, impaired autophagy and increased apoptosis in pathological myocardial hypertrophy. There were differences in the methylation level of m6A and the expression of METTL3, ALKBH5 and HNRNPD in pathological myocardial hypertrophy. Increased expression of METTL3 affects the expression of TFEB in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes by regulating the binding of ALKBH5, HNRNPD and TFEB pre-mRNA. TFEB can reverse-regulate the expression of METTL3, ALKBH5 and HNRNPD in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. This study shows that in the pathological myocardial hypertrophy model, the increase of METTL3 level can inhibit the binding of ALKBH5 and TFEB pre-mRNA, thus promoting the binding of HNRNPD and TFEB pre-mRNA, which leads to the rapid degradation of TFEB mRNA, inhibiting the expression of TFEB, causing damage to the autophagy pathway of cardiac hypertrophic cells, and finally lead to myocardial injury.
Vibrations and energy distribution in inhomogeneous rods with elastic and viscous boundary conditions
Authors: Lelkes János , Bak Bendegúz Dezső , Kalmár-Nagy Tamás 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel approach for solving the equations describing the longitudinalvibration of functionally graded rods with viscous and elastic boundaryconditions is proposed. The characteristic equation of the system is derivedand a homotopy method is applied to compute the eigenvalues and mode shapesfor any type of boundary condition, including fixed, free, elastic and/orviscous. Examples are provided for different graded rods with elastic andviscous boundary conditions. The optimal damping of the system is computedbased on the spectral abscissa criterion. It is shown that the qualitativebehavior depends on whether the damping of the system exceeds the optimaldamping. The energy density distribution of the different graded rods is alsodiscussed. An energy measure, the mean scaled energy density distribution isintroduced to characterize the energy distribution along the rod in theasymptotic time limit. It is shown that the energy distribution alsoqualitatively depends on the relation between the actual damping and theoptimal damping of the system.
WITHDRAWN: Climate change, the Arab Spring, and COVID-19 impacts on landcover transformations in the Levant
Authors: Kempf Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Levant is a climatically sensitive region that suffers from prolonged heat waves contributing to societal crisis and massive population displacements1–3. At least since 2010 and the so-called Arab Spring, the region has experienced recurring socio-political turmoil and the Syrian civil war, which amplified the economic and ecologic pressure on the neighbouring countries4. Particularly in Jordan, the strong population growth in addition to the immigration of hundreds of thousands Syrian refugees has led to massive changes in land-use and built-up infrastructure, resulting in an over-exploitation of the landscape through irrigated crop plantations and unregulated construction activities5. Climate change and water shortages are now threatening food and water security6. A multicomponent trend analysis from climate variables, satellite imagery, and landcover datasets shows the strong increase in building activity over the past decades and emphasizes the interconnection of climate change prediction models and current socio-political development in the Levant. Groundwater exploitation for crop production in arid regions will further enhance the pressure on the local ecological functionalities and risks severe and irreversible land degradation.
Design, development and optimization of itopride hydrochloride loaded floating pellets by spheronization after compression method: In vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Dass Rameshwar , Verma Ravinder , Kaushik Deepak , Verma Vikas , Bhatia Meenakshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease is the most common disorder with a considerably high global prevalence. It is known to manifest with wide range of symptoms. Prokinetic drugs are commonly recommended in treating gastric reflux in addition to antacids and antisecretory drugs. Itopride, a prokinetic agent, has found to improve symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. It acts as D2 antagonist and acetylcholine esterase inhibitor. Objective This research aimed to develop a gastro retentive system using a dual approach of floating and mucoadhesion.The retention of the formulation was estimated byin vitrofloating time andin vivopharmacokinetic study. Methodology: Different batches of pellets were prepared using ethylcellulose, Eudragit S100 and Carbopol 934 with Itopride hydrochloride by compression and spheronization method. Central composite design (32) was applied to find the effect of independent variables (concentration of Eudragit S100 and ethylcellulose), on dependent variables (floating time and percent drug release).In vivogastric retention and bioavailability were done on rabbits for optimized pellets formulation. Results All developed formulations passed general evaluations test for pellets (P1-P13). The optimized pellets resulted in thein vitropercent itopride hydrochloride release (97.84%) and (9.3hrs) floating time.In vivoresidence was nearly 8hrs and bioavailability was 52.87 ± 0.15 µg/mL/h. Besides, pellets have showed the drug release by sustained action for 12hrs. Conclusion The experimental design of pellets formulation concluded that mucoadhesion with floating approach was suitable for gastric retention and sustained the release of the drug. So, this approach might be useful in controlling the reflux of stomachal fluid.
A model and analysis of intermixed 980 nm InGaAs/GaAsP MQW VCSEL
Authors: Khreis O M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Inter-mixing in a hypothetical InGaAs/GaAsP multi-quantum vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) designed for emission at 980 nm has been mathematically modeled and analyzed. The solution to the diffusion equation using a combined superposition of the error-function describing the disordering process for the whole VCSEL structure has been applied. The simulation results showed no significant change in the reflectivity of the VCSEL top and bottom distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) at diffusion lengths of up to 10 nm. However, the results revealed that the VCSEL DBRs mirror loss have been more than doubled at the same diffusion length. The VCSEL effective cavity length has been shown to significantly increase by 200 nm for a diffusion length of 10 nm as compared to that of the as-grown VCSEL. The VCSEL active region relative confinement factor has been shown to appreciably decrease as a function of diffusion length. The VCSEL threshold current and external differential quantum efficiency have been derived as a function of diffusion length and were found to reliably describe the intermixing process in VCSELs. The model presented in this article could provide a mean to describe the compositional grading process in VCSELs and may reliably predict their various optical and electrical parameters.
Determinants of Green Smartphone Application Adoption for Sustainable Food Consumption Among University Students. A Combination of SEM and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Khoshtaria Tornike , Matin Arian , Todua Nugzar , Bareja-Wawryszuk Ola , Pajewski Tomasz , Todua Nia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Do GPT Language Models Suffer From Split Personality Disorder? The Advent Of Substrate-Free Psychometrics
Authors: Romero Peter , Fitz Stephen , Nakatsuma Teruo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Previous research on emergence in large language models shows these display apparent human-like abilities and psychological latent traits.
However, results are partly contradicting in expression and magnitude of these latent traits, yet agree on the worrisome tendencies to score high on the Dark Triad of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism, which, together with a track record of derailments, demands more rigorous research on safety of these models.
We provided a state of the art language model with the same personality questionnaire in nine languages, and performed Bayesian analysis of Gaussian Mixture Model, finding evidence for a deeper-rooted issue.
Our results suggest both interlingual and intralingual instabilities, which indicate that current language models do not develop a consistent core personality.
This can lead to unsafe behaviour of artificial intelligence systems that are based on these foundation models, and are increasingly integrated in human life.
We subsequently discuss the shortcomings of modern psychometrics, abstract it, and provide a framework for its species-neutral, substrate-free formulation.
Contribution to the percolation threshold study of Silicon Carbide filled polydimethylsiloxane composites used for field grading application
Authors: Metz Renaud , Merini Hocine , Reboul Jean-Michel , Bantignies Jean-Louis , Hassanzadeh Mehrdad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Nonlinear V-I characteristics of particulate composite prepared from dispersion of silicon carbide in a siloxane elastomer have been measured as a function of filler concentration up to the maximum allowable of about 32 vol.%. Two critical concentrations (percolation thresholds) are obtained at volume fractions of about 17 and 24 vol.% for low and high electric fields. These values are consistent with the critical concentrations predicted by the theory: 14 and 31 vol.% respectively and may come from edge and face contacts between SiC semi-conducting particles.
Diverse arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species associate with indigenous trees in a natural forest
Authors: Kebede Jemal Yimer , Pagano Marcela claudio , Beyene Belay Berza , Tuji Fassil Assefa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn terrestrial ecosystems, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-land plant symbiosis helps plant for nutrient uptake and, protection from abiotic and abiotic stresses. It is important to study the AMF-plant relationship to fully realize the potential to exploit for plant growth, maintenance and establishment in different ecosystem. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the diversity, abundance and population densities of AMF and quantify root colonization of the indigenous trees in Munessa forest. To this end, composite fine roots and soil samples were collected from seven dominant indigenous trees within 10 m x10 m plots in the forest. AMF spores were extracted for taxonomic identification and AMF root colonization was determined. A total of 39 AMF morphotypes belonging to 7 genera were recovered. Of which,Glomuswas the most dominant genus followed byAcaulospora,Glomus rubiforme was the most dominant species followed byAcaulospora myriocarpa. The highest genus and species richness was recorded fromCroton macrostachyusandMillettia ferrugineain this study. Mean AMF spore density was significantly different (p < 0.05) among indigenous trees, ranging from 859.6 spores/100g of dry soil underAlbizia shimperianato2829.52 spores/100g of dry soil underPouteria adolfiifriedericii. The highest hyphal and vesicular colonizations were observed inMillettia ferruginea(71%) andCeltis Africana(36.37%) respectively.Albizia shimperianawas the least colonized tree by all AMF structures. AMF spore density was positively correlated with soil available phosphorus (p < 0.05). Extensive studies are required to select AMF for growth promotion and recruitment of tree seedlings for plantation and, restoration of forest vegetation and rehabilitation of degraded lands.
Archaeological sharks: Late Holocene changes in trophic ecology and habitat use of sharks in South Brazil
Authors: Mayer Guilherme Burg , Freitas Renato Hajenius Aché 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Sharks are essential components of marine food webs, but their removal might simplify ecosystems and food webs. Comparing the isotopic niche of species between archaeological and modern communities can provide information to assess temporal changes in the ecological dynamics of communities. Here, stable isotope analysis was used to compare food web topology metrics between two shark guilds or communities, a late Holocene archaeological community (AC) dating from 724 − 542 years ago and a modern community (MC) trophic web, both from South Brazil. In the same line of comparison, we assess the trophic position of a top predator, Carcharias taurus. Results showed topological temporal differences such as higher trophic redundancy and higher patterns of niche overlap in the AC. Higher trophic redundancy could be expected in late Holocene food webs, as similar studies also observed these findings. In contrast, the MC showed dispersion of species throughout the isotopic space, thus higher niche partitioning and higher trophic diversity, suggesting changing ecological interaction dynamics. We found that Carcharias taurus has increased its trophic level, possibly due to a release from the intraspecific competition and a dietary shift towards larger prey items. We suggest that anthropic impacts, such as overfishing, may cause these differences in the trophic position of this species. We also advocate that this study method might help future trophic reconstructions using shark teeth, as information about past marine environments is scarce, and could serve as a baseline for future studies.
Clinicopathological features and prognostic analysis of Her-2-negative breast mucinous adenocarcinoma: A SEER database analysis
Authors: Liang Xi , Xu Qianshi , Wu Zhaozhen , Zhang Hao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast mucinous adenocarcinoma is a group of malignant tumors of epithelial origin of the breast with a good prognosis; however, whether its treatment regimen should be consistent with that of non-specific types of breast cancer remains to be investigated.
Methods
In this study, the clinicopathological information, treatment modalities, and prognosis of 10,466 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the breast from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed.
Results
After adjusting for other factors, radiotherapy showed a favorable benefit in most subgroups; although this may be associated with a higher proportion of breast-conserving surgery in early cases, chemotherapy did not show any benefit. In particular, estrogen receptor-negative subgroup patients who received chemotherapy had a poorer prognosis.
Conclusions
Although derived from retrospective studies, the results of these analyses revealed trends that may warrant further study.