bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Network-Based Method for Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectral Disorder Head-Banging Behavior from Recorded Videos
Authors: Sadek Esraa T. , Seada Noha A. , Ghoniemy Said 
Published: February 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a mental developmental disorder associated with social and communicational defects and Stereotypical Motor Movements (SMM). SMM is a set of repetitive motor activities associated with several mental developmental disorders like Autism. SMM has several forms like arm flapping, head banging, ear covering, and spinning with various degrees of severity that might lead to self-injury in severe cases. Developing a computer-vision-based technology to detect noticeable SMM behaviors can help in the early diagnosis of autism. In this paper, a computer vision-based neural network model was proposed to detect and recognize repetitive motor behaviors. The proposed model went through three main stages: First, data preparation. Second, human body features extraction using deep learning pose estimation and the skeleton representation model, and finally, multiclass classification to distinguish between several classes of headbanging. The proposed solution was evaluated using the Self Stimulatory Behavior Dataset (SSBD) which is a public dataset of three classes of repetitive motor behaviors associated with autism. We also collected a set of 40 videos of autistic children exhibiting headbanging from public domains like YouTube. In addition to that, we captured 25 videos of typically developing subjects mimicking headbanging. The collected and the videoed videos were used to evaluate the proposed model. This work proves the applicability of diagnosing mental developmental syndrome symptoms using vision-based techniques in cooperation with neural networks. The produced results prove that the used techniques can operate well in real-world challenging applications. The proposed model achieved 85.5% accuracy on SSBD and 93% on the collected and recorded videos.
Detection of Changes in CEA and ProGRP Levels in BALF of Patients with Peripheral Lung Cancer and the Relationship with CT Signs
Authors: Huang Jingshan , Ren Kaiming 
Published: February 2023

Objective. To investigate the relationship between the detection of changes in the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and CT signs in patients with peripheral lung cancer. Methods. Retrospective analysis of 108 patients with perihilar lung cancer who attended our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022, 54 cases were randomly selected as the observation group and 50 cases as the control group. Patients in both groups received CT examination and BALF test at the same time to observe and compare the differences in serum levels, the relationship between CT signs and serum indices, and the diagnostic value of peripheral lung cancer between the two groups. Results. The serum levels of ProGrp, CEA, CA211, and NSE in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P

< 0.05). The morphology, density, mass enhancement pattern, bronchial morphology, obstructive signs, and lymph node fusion of CT signs were compared between the observation group and the control group, indicating that CT signs were more helpful for the localization, diagnosis, and staging of lung cancer. The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC value of low-dose CT combined with serum ProGrp, CEA, CA211, and NSE was 0.892, sensitivity was 96.21%, and specificity of 90.05%, which were significantly higher than those of the single tests, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 84.41% and the negative likelihood ratio was 87.11%. Conclusion. The combination of CT signs and serum tumour markers helps to improve the detection rate, sensitivity, and specificity of lung cancer, which has a high diagnostic rate for lung cancer and may provide evidence for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.
Addressing Tumor Heterogeneity by Sensitizing Resistant Cancer Cells to T cell–Secreted Cytokines
Authors: Ito Yoshinaga , Pan Deng , Zhang Wubing , Zhang Xixi , Juan Tiffany Y. , Pyrdol Jason W. , Kyrysyuk Oleksandr , Doench John G. , Liu X. Shirley , Wucherpfennig Kai W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Tumor heterogeneity is a major barrier to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy. Activated T cells can efficiently kill tumor cells following recognition of MHC class I (MHC-I)–bound peptides, but this selection pressure favors outgrowth of MHC-I–deficient tumor cells. We performed a genome-scale screen to discover alternative pathways for T cell–mediated killing of MHC-I–deficient tumor cells. Autophagy and TNF signaling emerged as top pathways, and inactivation of Rnf31 (TNF signaling) and Atg5 (autophagy) sensitized MHC-I–deficient tumor cells to apoptosis by T cell–derived cytokines. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that inhibition of autophagy amplified proapoptotic effects of cytokines in tumor cells. Antigens from apoptotic MHC-I–deficient tumor cells were efficiently cross-presented by dendritic cells, resulting in heightened tumor infiltration by IFNγ-and TNFα-producing T cells. Tumors with a substantial population of MHC-I–deficient cancer cells could be controlled by T cells when both pathways were targeted using genetic or pharmacologic approaches.

Significance:
Tumor heterogeneity is a major barrier to immunotherapy. We show that MHC-I–deficient tumor cells are forced into apoptosis by T cell–derived cytokines when TNF signaling and autophagy pathways are targeted. This approach enables T cell–mediated elimination of tumors with a substantial population of resistant, MHC-I–deficient tumor cells.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1027
Cryptocurrencies investment framework using sentiment analysis of Twitter influencers
Authors: Zare Chahooki Mohammed Ali , Jahanbin Kia , Sutikno Tole 
Published: February 2023

<span>In recent years, cryptocurrency technology has become an attractive area for investment due to its transparency, independence, and non-transactional nature. Many analysts and researchers talk daily on social media about the future of various cryptocurrencies. These ideas can significantly impact whether or not people are willing to invest. This paper provides a framework to help traders learn about the opinions of influential people and organizations in the field. Over the course of six months, the sentiment of more than 90 significant Twitter users was extracted for the proposed framework. In this study, we used the Vader open-source tool for sentiment analysis. This paper provides an excellent opportunity for investment through sentiment analysis<em> </em>of lesser-known or emerging cryptocurrencies. Also in this paper, we introduce the user importance factor to calculate the value of each tweet based on the number of retweets and comments. This factor shows the importance of their opinions instead of considering the number of followers of the authors. This factor causes a lower coefficient to be assigned to an author's opinion if it decreases in importance over time. The results show that in the short and long term, users' opinions are very effective in the market for cryptocurrencies and in predicting its price </span> trend.
Fast-local and slow-global neural ensembles in the mouse brain
Authors: Delaney Thomas J. , O’Donnell Cian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ensembles of neurons are thought to be coactive when participating in brain computations. However, it is unclear what principles determine whether an ensemble remains localised within a single brain region, or spans multiple brain regions. To address this, we analysed electrophysiological neural population data from hundreds of neurons recorded simultaneously across nine brain regions in awake mice. At fast subsecond timescales, spike count correlations between pairs of neurons in the same brain region were stronger than for pairs of neurons spread across different brain regions. In contrast at slower timescales, within- and between-region spike count correlations were similar. Correlations between high-firing-rate neuron pairs showed a stronger dependence on timescale than low-firing-rate neuron pairs. We applied an ensemble detection algorithm to the neural correlation data and found that at fast timescales each ensemble was mostly contained within a single brain region, whereas at slower timescales ensembles spanned multiple brain regions. These results suggest that the mouse brain may perform fast-local and slow-global computations in parallel.
Parkinson’s disease speech production network as determined by graph-theoretical network analysis
Authors: Schill Jana , Simonyan Kristina , Lang Simon , Mathys Christian , Thiel Christiane , Witt Karsten 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) can affect speech as well as emotion processing. We employ whole-brain graph-theoretical network analysis to determine how the speech-processing network (SPN) changes in PD, and assess its susceptibility to emotional distraction. Functional magnetic resonance images of 14 patients (aged 59.6 ± 10.1 years, 5 female) and 23 healthy controls (aged 64.1 ± 6.5 years, 12 female) were obtained during a picture-naming task. Pictures were supraliminally primed by face pictures showing either a neutral or an emotional expression. PD network metrics were significantly decreased (mean nodal degree, p &lt; 0.0001; mean nodal strength, p &lt; 0.0001; global network efficiency, p &lt; 0.002; mean clustering coefficient, p &lt; 0.0001), indicating an impairment of network integration and segregation. There was an absence of connector hubs in PD. Controls exhibited key network hubs located in the associative cortices, of which most were insusceptible to emotional distraction. The PD SPN had more key network hubs, which were more disorganized and shifted into auditory, sensory, and motor cortices after emotional distraction. The whole-brain SPN in PD undergoes changes that result in (a) decreased network integration and segregation, (b) a modularization of information flow within the network, and (c) the inclusion of primary and secondary cortical areas after emotional distraction.
Impact of Thunderstorm Location Data Assimilation on Numerical Weather Forecasting
Authors: Rubinshtein Konstantin G. , Gubenko Inna M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The article compares four lightning detection networks, provides a brief overview of lightning observation data assimilation in numerical weather forecasts, and describes and illustrates the used procedure of lightning location and time assimilation in numerical weather forecasting. Evaluations of absolute errors in temperatures of air at 2 m, humidity at 2 m, air pressure near the surface, wind speed at 10 m, and precipitation are provided for 10 forecasts made in 2020 for days on which intensive thunderstorms were observed in the Krasnodar region of Russia. It has been found that average errors for the forecast area for 24, 48, and 72 h of the forecast decreased for all parameters when assimilation of observed lightning data is used for forecasting. It has been shown that the predicted precipitation field configuration and intensity became closer to references for both areas where thunderstorms were observed and the areas where no thunderstorms occurred.
The Effect of Area Social Deprivation on Health Behavior and Health Care Utilization in an Adult Trauma Population
Authors: Portelli Tremont Jaclyn N. , Adams Ursula C. , Holloway Alexa D. , Kratzke Ian M. , McIntyre Sarah A. , Udekwu Pascal O. , Pressley Crystal M. 
Published: February 2023

Social determinants of health may mediate health disparities, but these variables are not routinely measured in clinical practice. This is a retrospective, single-institution study that evaluates the effect of area deprivation on outcomes after trauma admission. Adult trauma patients 18 years and older were eligible. Patients were stratified into high-area (HSD) or low-area (LSD) social deprivation cohorts using zip code of residence. Regression modeling was used to explain the association between HSD, sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical outcomes. Patients who resided in HSD areas made up 29.5% of the study population, were more likely to be younger, male, and identify as a non-White race. Patients in the HSD cohort were also less likely to be admitted to the ICU (OR 0.84, CI 0.71-0.98) and discharged with additional services (OR 0.73, CI 0.57-0.94). We found that independently, area social deprivation affects trauma outcomes and the resources a patient is provided after discharge.
The Safe Cholecystectomy: Evaluating the Use of Laparoscopic Subtotal Cholecystectomy Between Junior and Senior Faculty
Authors: Smith Michael C. , Nordness Mina F. , Fogel Jessa , Streams Jill R. , Dennis Bradley M. , Gunter Oliver L. 
Published: February 2023

Background Laparoscopic Subtotal Cholecystectomy (SC) is a technique for performing safe cholecystectomy when excessive inflammation prevents exposure of the Critical View of Safety. Studies have evaluated outcomes and complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), with mixed results in terms of surgeon experience. It is unclear if the rate of SC is associated with experience. We hypothesized that the rate of SC would decrease as surgical experience increased. Methods We performed a retrospective review of LC performed at an academic medical center. Demographics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. We performed a multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between years in practice and performance of SC. We performed a sensitivity analysis comparing those in their first year on faculty with all others. Results Between November 1, 2017, and November 1, 2021, there were 1222 LC performed. 771 patients (63%) were female. 89 patients (7.3%) underwent SC. There were no bile duct injuries requiring reconstruction. Controlling for age, sex, and ASA class, there was no difference in the rate of SC by years of experience (OR .98, 95% CI .94–1.01). In a sensitivity analysis comparing first-year faculty to those beyond their first year, there was also no difference (OR .76, 95% CI 0.42-1.39). Discussion We find no difference in the rate of performance of SC between junior and senior faculty. This reflects consistency, in keeping with best practice guidelines. This could be confounded by junior faculty requesting assistance during difficult operations. Further investigation into factors affecting decision-making may clarify this.
Acute Kidney Injury in Hypotensive Trauma Patients Following Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta Placement
Authors: Hunt Iris , Gold Logan , Hunt John P. , Marr Alan B. , Greiffenstein Patrick , Stuke Lance , Smith Alison 
Published: February 2023

Background ER-Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (ER-REBOA) is an adjunct tool to achieve hemostasis in trauma patients with non-compressible torso hemorrhage. The development of the partial REBOA (pREBOA) allows for distal perfusion of organs while maintaining occlusion of the aorta. The primary aim of this study was to compare rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) in trauma patients who had placement of either a pREBOA or ER-REBOA. Methods A retrospective chart review of adult trauma patients who underwent REBOA placement between September 2017 and February 2022 was performed. Baseline demographics, information on REBOA placement, and post-procedure complications including AKI, amputations, and mortality were recorded. Chi-squared and T-test analyses were performed with P < .05 considered to be significant. Results A total of 68 patients met study inclusion criteria with 53 patients (77.9%) having an ER-REBOA. 6.7% of patients treated with pREBOA had a resulting AKI, while 40% of patients treated with ER-REBOA had a resulting AKI, and this difference was significant ( P < .05). The rates of rhabdomyolysis, amputations, and mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion The results from this case series suggest that patients treated with pREBOA have a significantly lower incidence of developing an AKI compared to ER-REBOA. There were no significant differences in rates of mortality, and amputations. Future prospective studies are needed to further characterize the indications and optimal use for pREBOA.
Quantifying the Impact of Comorbidities on Length of Stay in Geriatric Fall-Related Injuries
Authors: McLaughlin Christopher J. , Waldron Olivia J. , Staszak Ryan M. , Gish Joshua S. , Armen Scott B. 
Published: February 2023

Geriatric patients who fall are among the most common mechanisms of injury presenting to trauma centers. We sought to quantify the impact of various comorbidities on length of stay (LOS) in these patients to identify areas for intervention. A level 1 trauma center’s registry was queried for patients ≥65 years old with fall related injuries admitted with LOS greater than 2 days. Over 7 years, 3714 patients were included. Mean age was 80.9 ± 8.7 years. All patients fell from heights of 6 feet or less. Median total LOS was 5 days, interquartile range [3,8]. Overall mortality rate was 3.3%. The most common comorbidities were cardiovascular (57.1%), musculoskeletal (31.4%), and diabetes (20.8%). Multivariate linear regression modeling LOS identified diabetes, pulmonary, and psychiatric diseases associated with longer lengths of stay ( P < .05). As trauma centers refine care for geriatric trauma patients, comorbidity management represents an opportunity for proactive intervention.
Left Government Strategies toward Business Groups and the Outcomes: The Mexican and Venezuelan Cases
Authors: Ellner Steve 
Published: February 2023

The progressive governments of Andrés Manuel López Obrador in Mexico and Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela followed a strategy of selective treatment to win over some businesspeople and neutralize others in order to weaken the opposition of a hostile business class. This approach had advantages and downsides. It succeeded in gaining support from business representatives for government initiatives in moments of difficulty and crisis and reducing the firepower of the commercial media. It was also, however, conducive to corruption. Many nonhostile businesspeople proved to be unreliable allies as they ended up withdrawing their support for the government. These capitalists were a far cry from the progressive “national bourgeoisie” with which Communists and other leftists attempted to form alliances in the twentieth century, but proestablishment actors attacked many of them, including such leading capitalists as Gustavo Cisneros in Venezuela and Ricardo Salinas in Mexico, who in some cases were considered “traitors.” In Mexico, major businesspeople before and after the left’s rise to power played a more overtly political role than, for the most part, in Venezuela. Chávez attempted to define the behavior of progressive businesspeople, which included limits on profits, and also promoted the formation of politically progressive business organizations. Los gobiernos progresistas de Andrés Manuel López Obrador en México, y Hugo Chávez y Nicolás Maduro en Venezuela, siguieron una estrategia de trato selectivo para ganarse la confianza de algunos empresarios y neutralizar a otros con el fin de debilitar la oposición de parte de una clase empresarial hostil. Este enfoque implicó tanto ventajas como desventajas. Logró obtener el apoyo de los representantes empresariales para iniciativas gubernamentales en momentos de dificultad y crisis, así como reducir el impacto negativo de los medios de comunicación comerciales. Sin embargo, también dio lugar a la corrupción. Muchos empresarios no hostiles resultaron ser aliados poco confiables y, eventualmente, retiraron su apoyo al gobierno. Estos capitalistas estaban muy lejos de constituir la “burguesía nacional” progresista con la que los comunistas y otros izquierdistas intentaron formar alianzas en el siglo XX. Sin embargo, actores a favor del status quo atacaron a muchos de ellos, incluidos capitalistas prominentes como Gustavo Cisneros en Venezuela y Ricardo Salinas en México, quienes, en algunos casos, fueron vistos como “traidores”. En México, los principales empresarios antes y después del ascenso de la izquierda al poder desempeñaron un papel más abiertamente político de lo que ocurrió, mayoritariamente, en Venezuela. Chávez intentó definir el comportamiento de los empresarios progresistas, lo cual incluyó poner un límite a sus ganancias, y también promovió la formación de organizaciones empresariales políticamente progresistas.
Management of patients with impella devices or intra-aortic balloon pumps during helicopter air ambulance transport in observational data
Authors: Connelly Katherine M , Winslow Stephanie E , Smith Justin , Ahmad Saad S , Xie Changchun , Hinckley William R , Gottula Adam L , Lane Bennett H 
Published: February 2023

Introduction Placement of percutaneous ventricular support devices such as an intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) or Abiomed Impella device can treat severe cardiogenic shock. Critical care transport medicine (CCTM) providers frequently manage patients supported by these devices during interfacility transfers, often using a helicopter air ambulance (HAA). An understanding of patient needs and management during transport is essential to informing crew configuration and training, and this study adds to the limited existing data on the HAA transport of this complex patient population. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all HAA transports of patients with an IABP ( n = 38) or Impella ( n = 11) device at a single CCTM program from 2016 to 2020. We evaluated transport times and composite variables for the frequency of adverse events, condition changes requiring critical care evaluation, and critical care interventions. Results In this observational cohort, patients with an Impella device more frequently had an advanced airway and at least 1 vasopressor or inotrope active prior to transport. While flight times were similar, CCTM teams remained at referring facilities longer for patients with an Impella device (99 vs 68 minutes; p = 0.0097). Compared to patients with an IABP, patients with an Impella device more frequently had a condition change requiring critical care evaluation (100% vs 42%; p = 0.0005) and more frequently received critical care interventions (100% vs 53%; p = 0.0037). Adverse events were uncommon and did not differ for patients with an Impella device compared to an IABP (27% vs 11%; p = 0.178). Conclusion Patients requiring mechanical circulatory support with IABP and Impella devices frequently require critical care management during transport. Clinicians should ensure the CCTM team has appropriate staffing, training, and resources to meet the critical care needs of these high acuity patients.