bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Product development of Amorphophallus muelleri Bl. Synbiotic yogurt using Quality Function Deployment method
Authors: Revulaningtyas I R , Khasanah L H , Pratama D , Apriliana A N , Sanjaya A P 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed and impacted various aspects of life. The customer behavior of the Indonesian people has changed during this pandemic. Increasing public awareness of health is an opportunity to develop functional foods which can improve the body’s immune system. Some probiotic dairy products, e.g., yogurt, are currently being developed with the addition of prebiotics and are also known as synbiotic yogurt. This research aims to develop an Amorphophallus muelleri Bl. Synbiotic yogurt product design based on customer requirements and engineering characteristics. The method used in this study is the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. Quality Function Deployment is a method to develop product design quality to achieve customer satisfaction. The results showed that the product attributes customers want for yogurt include a rather strong aroma, a slightly sour and sweet taste, a thick texture, and a production volume of 250 ml packaged in cup packaging.
Policy analysis of development of Regional Government Food Reserves (RGFR) in Pekalongan District, Central Java
Authors: Agustian A , Rachmawati R R , Rachman B , Purba H J , Sumaryanto  , Susilowati S H , Indraningsih K S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to realize national food sovereignty, the central government establishes National Food Reserves (CPN). CPN consists of Regional Government Food Reserves (RGFR) and Community Food Reserves (CFR). This study aims to analyze the volume determination policy, management and development of RGFR. The study was conducted in Pekalongan Regency in 2021. The study sample consisted of officials from the Pekalongan Regency Food Service, and 6 farmer groups (30 members). The data was collected in primary and secondary data, and data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively descriptive. The analysis results show that RGFR management policies are directed at dealing with food shortages, food price fluctuations, and natural disasters. The policy for determining the RGFR in Pekalongan Regency is regulated through Regent Regulation num. 21/2020 and the procurement of RGFR is carried out in partnership with the private sector. The average volume of RGFR in the form of rice in the 2019-2021 period, reached 20 tons per year. Policies for the development of RGFR management in Pekalongan, among others, can be pursued with the support of facilitating the volume of RGFR, increasing the regional budget for RGFR, and advocating for policies to synergize to maintain the existence of RGFR.
CEPAL, the “International Monetary Fund of the Left”?
Authors: Fajardo Margarita 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article examines the entangled histories of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (CEPAL) during the post–World War II era. Born of the same global moment, within two decades of their foundation, these institutions had come to represent two opposing visions of world economic order. Yet their mutual antagonism was not a foregone conclusion, and their identities were not so defined from the start. The binary division between them—as well as the very terms of their debate—emerged not in the realm of abstract ideas but rather in their competition over influence in Latin America. Unlike the history of the UN, the story of the IMF continues to be told as one of projection—of power, ideas, and practices—and reception, of dominance by the North and resistance of the South. By looking at CEPAL and the IMF in tandem, as they converged, diverged, and shaped each other, this article shows the impact of a southern institution and Latin America on the northern institution and the structure of global governance. It contributes to our understanding of global institutional history and economic governance, precisely at a moment when global institutions have lost prestige and leverage.
Smoking and risk of colorectal cancer according to KRAS and BRAF mutation status in a Japanese prospective Study
Authors: Nakano Shiori , Yamaji Taiki , Shiraishi Kouya , Hidaka Akihisa , Shimazu Taichi , Kuchiba Aya , Saito Masahiro , Kunishima Fumihito , Nakaza Ryouji , Kohno Takashi , Sawada Norie , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro , Iwasaki Motoki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for many types of cancer, evidence for colorectal cancer is equivocal in Asian populations. Recent Western studies have proposed that the association between smoking and colorectal cancer is restricted to specific tumor molecular subtypes. However, no studies have evaluated the association according to tumor molecular subtypes in Asian populations. In a Japanese prospective population-based cohort study of 18 773 participants, we collected tumor tissues from incident colorectal cancer cases and evaluated KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) and BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) mutation status using target sequencing. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of smoking with the risk of overall colorectal cancer and its subtypes defined by KRAS and BRAF mutation status. Among 339 cases, KRAS and BRAF mutations were identified in 164 (48.4%) and 16 (4.7%) cases, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted HR for ever smoking compared with never smoking was 1.24 [95% CI: 0.93–1.66], 1.75 [1.14–2.68], 0.87 [0.59–1.29], 1.24 [0.93–1.67] and 1.22 [0.38–3.93] for overall, KRAS wild-type, KRAS-mutated, BRAF wild-type and BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer, respectively. The statistically significant heterogeneity was indicated between KRAS mutation status (Pheterogeneity = 0.01) but not between BRAF mutation status. This study is the first to demonstrate that smokers have an approximately 2-fold higher risk of KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer than never smokers in an Asian population. Our findings support that smoking is a risk factor for colorectal cancer, especially for its subtype without KRAS mutations, in Asian populations.
Management of Pediatric Pneumonia: A Decade After the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America Guideline
Authors: Ambroggio Lilliam , Cotter Jillian , Hall Matthew , Shapiro Daniel J , Lipsett Susan C , Hersh Adam L , Shah Samir S , Brogan Thomas V , Gerber Jeffrey S , Williams Derek J , Blaschke Anne J , Cogen Jonathan D , Neuman Mark I 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Incomplete uptake of guidelines can lead to nonstandardized care, increased expenditures, and adverse clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the 2011 Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America (PIDS/IDSA) pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) guideline that emphasized aminopenicillin use and de-emphasized the use of chest radiographs (CXRs) in certain populations.

Methods
This quasi-experimental study queried a national administrative database of children's hospitals to identify children aged 3 months–18 years with CAP who visited 1 of 28 participating hospitals from 2009 to 2021. PIDS/IDSA pediatric CAP guideline recommendations regarding antibiotic therapy, diagnostic testing, and imaging were evaluated. Segmented regression interrupted time series was used to measure guideline-concordant practices with interruptions for guideline publication and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Results
Of 315 384 children with CAP, 71 804 (22.8%) were hospitalized. Among hospitalized children, there was a decrease in blood culture performance (0.5% per quarter) and increase in aminopenicillin prescribing (1.1% per quarter). Among children discharged from the emergency department (ED), there was an increase in aminopenicillin prescription (0.45% per quarter), whereas the rate of obtaining CXRs declined (0.12% per quarter). However, use of CXRs rebounded during the COVID-19 pandemic (increase of 1.56% per quarter). Hospital length of stay, ED revisit rates, and hospital readmission rates remained stable.

Conclusions
Guideline publication was associated with an increase of aminopenicillin prescribing. However, rates of diagnostic testing did not materially change, suggesting the need to consider implementation strategies to meaningfully change clinical practice for children with CAP.
Intraperitoneal pressure in peritoneal dialysis patients: a need for treatment individualization
Authors: Ferreira Ana Carina 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
High-quality and goal-directed peritoneal dialysis (PD) prescription should be provided to all PD patients. Prioritizing patients' goals is necessary for their quality of life, as it is assessment of volume and nutritional status, anemia and mineral and bone management, or small-solute removal. To optimize the removal of small solutes, and depending on membrane characteristics, the increase in concentration gradient difference or the increase in volume (recruitment of all peritoneal capacities) can be performed. Nevertheless, intraperitoneal volume should be tailored by measuring the intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) to avoid PD associated mechanical complications. In this editorial, a brief review on how IPP can be measured, and its implications are noted.
Layer myocardial strain is the most heritable echocardiographic trait
Authors: Huttin Olivier , Xhaard Constance , Dandine-Roulland Claire , Le Floch Edith , Bacq-Daian Delphine , Lamiral Zohra , Bozec Erwan , Deleuze Jean-François , Zannad Faiez , Rossignol Patrick , Girerd Nicolas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Myocardial deformation assessed by strain analysis represents a significant advancement in our assessment of cardiac mechanics. However, whether this variable is genetically heritable or whether all/most of its variability is related to environmental factors is currently unknown. We sought to determine the heritability of echocardiographically determined cardiac mechanics indices in a population setting.

Methods and results
A total of 1357 initially healthy subjects (women 51.6%; 48.2 ± 14.1 years) were included in this study from 20-year follow-up after the fourth visit of the longitudinal familial STANISLAS cohort (Lorraine, France). Data were acquired using state-of-the-art cardiac ultrasound equipment, using acquisition and measurement protocols recommended by the EACVI (European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging)/ASE (American Society of Echocardiography)/Industry Task Force. Layer-specific global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (full-wall, subendocardial, and subepicardial) and conventional structural and functional cardiac parameters and their potential heritability were assessed using restricted maximum likelihood analysis, with genetic relatedness matrix calculated from genome-wide association data. Indices of longitudinal/circumferential myocardial function and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction had low heritability (ranging from 10% to 20%). Diastolic and standard LV function parameters had moderate heritability (ranging from 20% to 30%) except for end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (30% and 45%, respectively). In contrast, global longitudinal subendocardial strain (GLSEndo)/global longitudinal subepicardial strain (GLSEpi) ratio had a high level of heritability (65%). Except for GLSEndo/GLSEpi ratio, a large percentage of variance remained unexplained (&gt;50%).

Conclusions
In our population cohort, GLSEndo/GLSEpi ratio had a high level of heritability, whereas other classical and mechanical LV function parameters did not. Given the increasing recognition of GLSEndo/GLSEpi ratio as an early/sensitive imaging biomarker of systolic dysfunction, our results suggest the possible existence of individual genetic predispositions to myocardial decline.
Congenital disconnection of the pulmonary arteries
Authors: Karila-Cohen Julie , Gaudin Régis , Malekzadeh-Milani Sophie , Derridj Neil , Panaioli Elena , Raisky Olivier , Bonnet Damien 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Disconnected pulmonary artery (PA) is a rare anomaly that can be isolated or associated with complex intracardiac malformations. Early reimplantation of the disconnected PA is recommended to allow growth and satisfactory pulmonary perfusion while preventing collateral artery development. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients with disconnected PA and, for those who had surgical reimplantation, to determine the incidence, delay and predictive factors of reintervention for reconnected PA stenosis.

METHODS
We include patients with the diagnosis of congenitally disconnected PA and surgical repair at our institution.

RESULTS
Retrospective observational study of 55 patients with a disconnected PA. Fifty-one underwent surgical correction and were followed up at our institution between 2000 and 2022. Disconnected PAs were observed in isolation in 31% of the cases. The most frequent form was left PA originating from the arterial duct (58%). The reimplantation was done at the median age of 12 days. Anastomotic stenosis was observed during follow-up in 71% of the patients with 75% of them requiring reintervention (55% of the population). The median delay to reintervention was 3.2 years after reimplantation, and &gt;25% of reinterventions on the reimplanted PA occurred within the first postoperative year. We found more reintervention if associated cardiac defect, without significant statistic difference. Weight at re-confluence, presence of ductal tissue at the origin of the PA and prior shunt placement on the disconnected PA were not found to be risk factors for reintervention.

DISCUSSION
After surgical reimplantation of PA, &gt;50% of patients required reintervention for PA stenosis. Technical improvements should be sought to reduce the incidence of this complication.
Work-related stress amongst legal medical doctors: the need for systematic psychological support. An Italian perspective
Authors: Sablone Sara , Groicher Matthew , Patrizia Fanco Tamara , Risola Roberta , M Violante Grazia , Bellino Mara , Lagona Valeria , Grattagliano Ignazio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract Legal medical doctors (LMDs) expertise encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. Work-related stress amongst LMDs is an extremely relevant factor, which affects the quality of LMDs life and work. Whilst it is a better-known problem abroad, this issue is poorly debated in Italy, as demonstrated by this literature analysis. The aim of this paper is to better understand the main sources of stress in the practice of legal medicine in Italy, highlighting the need for systematic psychological support. The risks of work-related stress for the social and health professions are well known in literature. In Italy, however, due to a series of complex circumstances and cultural and research delays, forensic practitioners often seem to be excluded from these kinds of complex issues. The authors, after a series of considerations drawn from a review of the literature and from experience in the forensic and medical field, point out how work in this area entails risks for workers, on par with all others belonging to the helping and social-health professions. They conclude their contribution with a series of proposals for appropriate protocols to cope with such problems for workers in the forensic and medical field.Key points
Neighborhood Cohesion Across the Life Course and Effects on Cognitive Aging
Authors: Choi Jean , Han Sae Hwang , Ng Yee To , Muñoz Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Greater neighborhood cohesion is associated with better cognitive function in adulthood and may serve as a protective factor against cognitive impairment and decline. We build on prior work by examining the effects of perceived neighborhood cohesion across the life course on level and change in cognitive function in adulthood.

Methods
Utilizing longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2016) and its Life History Mail Survey, we leveraged data from 3,599 study participants (baseline age: 51–89) who participated in up to 10 waves. Respondents provided retrospective ratings of neighborhood cohesion at childhood (age 10), young adulthood (age at the first full-time job), early midlife (age 40), and concurrently at baseline (i.e., late midlife/adulthood); they completed the modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. We fit a univariate latent growth curve model of change in cognitive function across waves and tested whether neighborhood cohesion during each recollected life stage predicted level and change in cognitive function.

Results
Greater neighborhood cohesion during childhood and late midlife/adulthood each predicted higher cognitive function at baseline but not the rate of cognitive decline. The final model showed that greater neighborhood cohesion in childhood and in late midlife/adulthood remained significantly associated with higher baseline cognitive function, even after accounting for one another.

Discussion
Findings provide insight into life-course neighborhood contextual influences on cognitive aging. Our results emphasize the need for more research to understand the life-course dynamics between neighborhood environments and cognitive aging.
Managing Complexity: Black Older Adults With Multimorbidity
Authors: Fritz Heather , Chase Sage , Morgan Lauren , Cutchin Malcolm P 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBlack older adults have higher rates of multimorbidity and receive less effective multimorbidity support than their white counterparts. Yet little is known about the experiences of Black older adults with multimorbidity that may be at the heart of those disparities and which are central to interventions and improving care for this population. In this study, we aimed to conceptualize the multimorbidity management (MM) experience for Black older adults.Research Design and MethodsAs part of a larger study on Black older adults’ multimorbidity and physician empathy, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 30 Black older adults living in a large midwestern city in the United States aged 65 years and older with self-reported multimorbidity. We used grounded theory analysis to distill findings into a core conceptual category as well as component domains and dimensions.Results“Managing complexity” emerged as the core category to describe MM in our sample. Managing complexity included domains of “social context,” “daily logistics,” “care time,” and “care roles.”Discussion and ImplicationsWe discuss how managing complexity is distinct from patient complexity and how it is related to cumulative inequality and precarity. Study findings have potential implications for intervention around provider education and empathy as well as for enabling agency of Black older adults with MM.
Evaluating the Indian Refugee Law Regime: How Has the Judiciary Responded to Refugee Claims in Light of International Law Obligations, and How Can It Do Better?
Authors: Birla Aishwarya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since India has no established refugee regime, most developments in this sphere have arisen from judgments. However, the lack of relevant applicable law means that these developments are piecemeal and humanitarian at best, failing to make true advances in jurisprudence, and anti-refugee at worst. This article argues that through recourse to international law, these hurdles can be surmounted to ensure more robust protection to refugees. Further, it is argued that constitutional and international law obligations binding India mandate that the Indian judiciary refer to these international law instruments. Doing so would ensure significantly stronger protection for refugees and less deference to the executive’s ad hoc stance.
Nonlinear ill-posed problem in low-dose dental cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Park Hyoung Suk , Hyun Chang Min , Seo Jin Keun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper describes the mathematical structure of the ill-posed nonlinear inverse problem of low-dose dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and explains the advantages of a deep learning-based approach to the reconstruction of computed tomography images over conventional regularization methods. This paper explains the underlying reasons why dental CBCT is more ill-posed than standard computed tomography. Despite this severe ill-posedness, the demand for dental CBCT systems is rapidly growing because of their cost competitiveness and low radiation dose. We then describe the limitations of existing methods in the accurate restoration of the morphological structures of teeth using dental CBCT data severely damaged by metal implants. We further discuss the usefulness of panoramic images generated from CBCT data for accurate tooth segmentation. We also discuss the possibility of utilizing radiation-free intra-oral scan data as prior information in CBCT image reconstruction to compensate for the damage to data caused by metal implants.
Algebraic and o-Minimal Flows Beyond the Cocompact Case
Authors: Dembner Spencer , Spink Hunter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Let $X \subset \mathbb{C}^{n}$ be an algebraic variety, and let $\Lambda \subset \mathbb{C}^{n}$ be a discrete subgroup whose real and complex spans agree. We describe the topological closure of the image of $X$ in $\mathbb{C}^{n} / \Lambda $, thereby extending a result of Peterzil–Starchenko in the case when $\Lambda $ is cocompact. We also obtain a similar extension when $X\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$ is definable in an o-minimal structure with no restrictions on $\Lambda $, and as an application prove the following conjecture of Gallinaro: for a closed semi-algebraic $X\subset \mathbb{C}^{n}$ (such as a complex algebraic variety) and $\exp :\mathbb{C}^{n}\to (\mathbb{C}^{*})^{n}$ the coordinate-wise exponential map, we have $\overline{\exp (X)}=\exp (X)\cup \bigcup _{i=1}^{m} \exp (C_{i})\cdot \mathbb{T}_{i}$ where $\mathbb{T}_{i}\subset (\mathbb{C}^{*})^{n}$ are positive-dimensional compact real tori and $C_{i}\subset \mathbb{C}^{n}$ are semi-algebraic.
Natural History of Nonhuman Primates After Oral Exposure to Ebola Virus Variant Makona
Authors: Prasad Abhishek N , Agans Krystle N , Geisbert Joan B , Borisevich Viktoriya , Deer Daniel J , Dobias Natalie S , Comer Jason E , Woolsey Courtney , Fenton Karla A , Geisbert Thomas W , Cross Robert W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The primary route of infection by Ebola virus (EBOV) is through contact of mucosal surfaces. Few studies have explored infection of nonhuman primates (NHPs) via the oral mucosa, which is a probable portal of natural infection in humans.

Methods
To further characterize the pathogenesis of EBOV infection via the oral exposure route, we challenged cohorts of cynomolgus monkeys with low doses of EBOV variant Makona.

Results
Infection with 100 or 50 PFU of EBOV Makona via the oral route resulted in 50% and 83% lethality, respectively. Animals that progressed to fatal disease exhibited lymphopenia, marked coagulopathy, high viral loads, and increased levels of serum markers of inflammation and hepatic/renal injury. Survival in these cohorts was associated with milder fluctuations in leukocyte populations, lack of coagulopathy, and reduced or absent serum markers of inflammation and/or hepatic/renal function. Surprisingly, 2 surviving animals from the 100- and 50-PFU cohorts developed transient low-level viremia in the absence of other clinical signs of disease. Conversely, all animals in the 10 PFU cohort remained disease free and survived to the study end point.

Conclusions
Our observations highlight the susceptibility of NHPs, and by extension, likely humans, to relatively low doses of EBOV via the oral route.