bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tau overload associated insufficient lysosomal hydrolysis activity through deacidification of lysosomes
Authors: Ye Chao-Yuan , Zeng Peng , Liu Yuan-Cheng , Shi Yan , Liu Gong-Ping , Wang Jian-Zhi , Zhou Xin-Wen , Tian Qing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neuronal tau overload and lysosomal dysfunction are two pathological features in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, by ultra-high-resolution-fluorescence imaging and ultrastructural imaging, the lysosomes were observed larger in size, less numerous, perinuclear distributed and inhomogeneous in electron density in tau overloaded neurons of mice and tau overexpressed HEK293 (HEK293tau) cells. In these lysosomes there existed lots of accumulations and less active hydrolases, which was further confirmed by an elevated lysosomal pH and decreased levels of fluorescence-labeled hydrolysate inside lysosomes in living HEK293tau cells. The assembly of vacuolar-type proton-pumping ATPases (V-ATPases) on lysosomal membrane is crucial for maintaining the acidity of lysosome. Although the proteome and Western blotting data showed increased V-ATPase subunits in HEK293tau cells, we detected the abnormal binding of ATP6V1B2, an important V-ATPase subunit, to tau. It was suggested tau overload might destabilize lysosomal pH by binding with ATP6V1B2 and blocking V-ATPases assembly on the lysosomal membrane.
Cluster-Based Hybrid Approach for PCI Configuration and Optimization in 5G EN-DC Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Li Pengzhao , Yang Heng , Kim Iksang , Liu Zhenyu , Li Shanshan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the development of 5G technologies and the implementation of EN-DC architecture in heterogeneous networks, managing Physical Cell Identity (PCI) has become increasingly complex. EN-DC, facilitating the coexistence of eNBs and gNBs, creates a densely populated environment that heightens the risk of PCI collisions and confusions. This study introduces a novel hybrid approach to PCI configuration in EN-DC networks, integrating centralized and distributed strategies. By organizing the network into clusters and employing newly introduced algorithms, Symmetrical Comparison (SC) and Symmetrical Triangular Cycling (STC), the method efficiently identifies and resolves PCI confusions. Simulations were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model under various scenarios, revealing its proficiency in preventing PCI confusion and \(mod 30\) collisions. The results underscore the critical role of PCI pool size and offer insights into network planning and optimization. Despite some challenges in handling specific collisions, such as \(mod 3\) and \(mod 4\), the study suggests that incorporating reinforcement learning techniques could provide more adaptive solutions, laying the foundation for future research in this area. The research contributes to the evolving landscape of 5G EN-DC networks, emphasizing the importance of intelligent design and meticulous planning in network management.
WITHDRAWN: Women’s Perspectives on the Use of Menstrual Tracking Apps in Kashmir
Authors: Arbeena . , Asif Mohd , Wani Muhammad Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Health and well-being mobile applications, or mHealth apps, have gained popularity with the spread of smartphones and high-speed mobile internet in India. These apps are used for self-monitoring of health attributes, including tracking fitness, diet, sleep patterns, heart rate, etc. Among these apps, fertility apps have gained prominence for reproductive health tracking. This paper explores the usage and experience of these fertility apps, such as Flo, Maya, and Period Calendar. It seeks to understand the motives for use of these apps and presents women’s perspectives on the role of such apps in their everyday lives. The study was conducted using qualitative telephonic interviews with 30 women in the Kashmir region in India. The study showed that women in Kashmir linked the use of these apps to various motives; these motives included easy menstruation and ovulation tracking, monitoring of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and reproductive health, and PCOS/PCOD detection. Using these apps, women stated that they were able to plan their schedules around menstrual cycles, gain knowledge of various symptoms, and follow up with medical professionals. There was frequent recommendation of these apps to other women, female friends, and relatives. By understanding the goals and experiences of the women who use these apps, healthcare professionals and policymakers can more effectively design interventions and support systems to support women's reproductive health and general wellbeing.
Impact of Calcium Channel Blockers and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Hematological Parameters in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ahmed Ghada M. , Abed Mohammed N. , Alassaf Fawaz A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Antihypertensive medications have been associated with a reduction in hemoglobin (Hb) levels, leading to clinically significant anemia.
Aim
We aimed to provide valuable insights into the impact of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on hematological parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly considering the duration of their use.
Methods
A total of 160 participants were enrolled, consisting of 40 healthy controls, 30 T2DM patients (T2DM group), 30 T2DM patients with newly diagnosed hypertension (HT) (T2DM + HT group), 30 type 2 diabetic-hypertensives on ARBs (T2DM + HT + ARBs group), and 30 type 2 diabetic-hypertensives on CCBs (T2DM + HT + CCBs group).
Results
Significantly reduced FSG and HbA1c levels were observed in T2DM + HT + CCBs and T2DM + HT + ARBs groups vs T2DM + HT group (p < 0.05). T2DM + HT + CCBs group had statistically higher urea levels than T2DM group (p < 0.05). Both CCBs and ARBs use resulted in reduced creatinine clearance (CrCl). T2DM + HT + CCBs group exhibited slightly higher uric acid levels compared to controls (p < 0.05). Prolonged use of CCBs and ARBs led to disturbances in hematological parameters, with CCBs users showed the lowest levels of hemoglobin (Hb), RBCs, and hematocrit (Hct) among the groups. ARBs users displayed the lowest values of erythropoietin (EPO) and ferritin compared to other patient groups, along with reduced levels of Hb, RBCs, and Hct, albeit slightly higher than CCBs users.
Conclusion
Our study highlights the importance of a balanced approach in prescribing ARBs and CCBs to patients with T2DM, given their potential to induce blood abnormalities, particularly with prolonged usage.
Temporal and spatial transcriptomic analysis of neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages in intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Pan Xiaoqiang , Lan Maozhuo , Yi Xingcheng , Zhang Lijuan , Li Han , Wang Jian , Liu Shuhan , Wang Ping , Dai Yun , Wu Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aim: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating stroke, in which inflammation plays an important role. We aim to understand the functions of neutrophils and monocyte/macrophage in inflammation of ICH.
Materials and Methods: We comprehensively analyzed a publically-available transcriptomic dataset (GSE163256) at spatial and temporal levels. A gene co-expression network algorithm combined with Kpca algorithm was used to pinpoint the effective gene modules when setting the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) as outcome, and recognize the hub genes that influence the ICH prognosis when setting mRS as outcome. The logistic regression analysis was then conducted to identify the key genes.
Results: In both peripheral blood (PB) and hematoma, cytokine-mediated signaling in neutrophils was associated with GCS; cytokine-mediated signaling processes and innate immune response processes in neutrophils were associated with NIHSS and mRS, respectively; energy metabolism in monocyte/macrophages was associated with NIHSS. In hematoma, leukocyte activation and migration in monocyte/macrophages correlated with GCS, while inflammation-related pathways correlated with mRS. Moreover, neutrophils experienced cytokine modulation and leukocyte-mediated immune responses, monocyte/macrophages underwent NF-κB-mediated immune responses in early ICH. The key genes included NCF1, GPSM3, STEAP4, ABDH16A, and PTPRC in neutrophils and NHP2, UPP1, CYBB, IDH1, and ZC3H12A in monocyte/macrophages.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest a mechanism involving inflammation in ICH, in which neutrophils are activated in PB and hematoma, which in turn recruit monocytes into hematoma where they differentiate to macrophages and are activated to promote inflammation, contributing to secondary brain injury.
A gene feature based on histone modifications can predict the prognosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Zhou Xuee , Li Xiaolin , Hong Jiahong , Xie Fuli , Liu Kuncai , Huang Yue , Gao Ya , Rong Xiaoxiang , Zhou Rui , Huang Zhenhua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in males, with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Therefore, accurately predicting the prognosis of PCa patients and intervening as early as possible is of great significance. We aimed to establish a gene feature model based on histone modifications to predict the prognosis of patients with PCa after radical prostatectomy.
Methods: Clinical data on PCa patients was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public databases and was comprehensively evaluated. Expression subtypes of histone-modifying factors were identified by unsupervised clustering, and the molecular characteristics and functions of each subtype were explored. Subsequently, a risk-scoring model was constructed to characterize its impact on the prognosis of PCapatients.
Results: Combined with histone modification factor signatures, we identified four PCa subtypes with different prognoses, biological functions, and mutational characteristics. Based on a series of analysis and screening, 21 characteristic genes (MXD3, CCDC28B, COL11A2, SLC39A5, GPT, DNASE1L2, PIF1, KRTAP5-9, TTLL10, KRTAP5-1, KRTAP5-10, HAGHL, MSLNL, AMH, NKAIN4, CCDC114, SLC9A3, SULT1E1, SLC6A14, ALB, and RPE65) were used to establish a risk score model (HIS_score). Patients in the high-score group had worse outcomes than those in the low-score group. Additionally, we found that the HIS_score model can distinguish subgroups of PCa samples with different biological and immune characteristics.
Conclusions: The HIS_score model with 21 genes as features is a promising tool that is of great significance for clinicians to predict the prognosis of PCa patients after radical prostatectomy and develop personalized treatment plans early.
The prevalence and comparative analysis of adhesion and biofilm-related genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Sharifi Aram , Mahmoudi Peyman , Sobhani Keyvan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile pathogen capable of causing a wide range of infections, from minor skin infections to life-threatening invasive diseases. The pathogenicity of S. aureus is attributed to its ability to produce various virulence factors, including adhesion and biofilm-related proteins.
Methods: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive network meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of adhesion and biofilm-related genes in S. aureus isolates and investigate the impact of the isolate source on their occurrence.
Results: A total of 53 relevant studies were included. The highest prevalence were observed for clfB (p-estimate = 85.4), followed by eno (p-estimate = 81.1) and icaD (p-estimate = 77). Conversely, bap and bbp exhibited the lowest prevalence (p-estimate = 6.7 and 18.7, respectively). The most frequently co-studied gene pairs were icaA-icaD(30 times) and fnbA-fnbB (25 times). Based on subgroup analysis the occurrence of icaC and icaB was significantly lower in animal isolates compared to human and food.
Conclusion: The study revealed varying prevalence rates of adhesion and biofilm-related genes in S. aureus isolates. Our results contribute to a better understanding of S. aureus pathogenesis and can facilitate the development of effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of S. aureus infections.
Relationship between the circulating N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide and the risk of carotid artery plaque in different glucose metabolic states in patients with coronary heart disease: a CSCD-TCM plus study in China
Authors: Yang Tong , Zheng Hongmei , Liu Fengmin , Guo Ruiying , Pan Guangwei , Liu Shengyuan , Tao Shuang , Li Lin , Yang Rongrong , Yu Chunquan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: Circulating N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) is often used as a marker of heart failure in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and it is associated with glycaemic abnormalities. Studies on the association and diagnostic value of NT-proBNP with carotid plaque (CAP) in patients with CHD are limited.
Methods: This study included 5,093 patients diagnosed with CHD. Their NT-proBNP levels, blood glucose levels, the occurrence of CAP, and the number and nature of CAP were measured, and glucose metabolic status was defined as normoglycaemic (NG), prediabetes (Pre-DM), and diabetes mellitus (DM); logistic regression analyses were used to compare the relationship between NT-proBNP and the risk of CAP occurrence, and the number and nature of CAP. Patients were divided into three groups according to NT-proBNP tertiles. The diagnostic value of NT-proBNP for CAP risk was measured using ROC curves. There was a significant correlation between NT-proBNP and the risk of CAP in CHD patients in different glucose metabolic states.
Results:Multiple logistic regression results showed that consecutive NT-proBNP was associated with risk of CAP progression. When NT-proBNP levels at T1 was used as the reference, T3 were associated with an increased OR for CAP (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.37-2.10). This association was also present in the in both the pre-DM and DM states, which with the highest OR in the DM state (OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.26-2.69). This association was significant in DM status in men and pre-DM in women, and was significant in DM status in patients ≤60 years of age and in pre-DM and DM in patients >60 years of age. We also measured the diagnostic accuracy of CAP occurrence in NT-proBNP in CHD patients. The critical values were 182ng/l, with an AUC value of 0.627(95% CI: 0.592-0.631).
Conclusion: The increase in NT-proBNP is significantly associated with the risk of CAP in patients with CHD, and exhibits specific characteristics under different glucose metabolism states, this association exists between different sexes and ages.
Trial registration: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number TJUTCM-EC20210007) and certified by the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry on April 4, 2022 (registration number ChiCTR2200058296) and on March 25, 2022 by ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number NCT05309343).
Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with poor prognosis in acute coronary syndrome patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Dong Shutong , Zhao Zehao , Huang Xin , Ma Meishi , Yang Zhiqiang , Fan Chu , Han Hongya , Wang Zhijian , Shi Dongmei , Zhou Yujie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which is a reliable substitute indicator for insulin resistance (IR), has been considered an independent risk factor for long-term outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it remains unknown whether the TyG index is associated with poor prognosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods
A total of 1158 ACS patients with prior CABG undergoing PCI were retrospectively studied. The TyG index was calculated by ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and unplanned repeat revascularization.
Results
During a median of 42-month follow-up, 350 patients (30.2%) experienced at least one endpoint event. The risk of MACCE showed a significant increase in patients with a higher TyG index compared to those in the low TyG index group. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that there was an independent association between the TyG index and MACCE regardless of whether the TyG index was a continuous variable or a categorical variable (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.09–1.86, p = 0.009; HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.16–2.01, p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, patients in the high TyG index group had higher risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (31.1% vs. 23.4%, p = 0.003), nonfatal stroke (4.2% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.022) and unplanned repeat revascularization (19.4% vs. 11.3%, p < 0.001) than those in the low TyG index group. The restricted cubic spline curve exhibited that the relationship between the TyG index and MACCE was linear (p for non-linear = 0.595, p for overall = 0.005). By incorporating the TyG index groups into baseline risk model, the accuracy of predicting MACCE was improved [AUC: baseline risk model, 0.618 vs. baseline risk model + TyG index groups, 0.636, p for comparison = 0.042].
Conclusions
The TyG index is independently associated with MACCE, suggesting that the TyG index may serve as a valid indicator for predicting poor prognosis in ACS patients with prior CABG undergoing PCI.
Antiretroviral treatment is less effective at reducing gut microbiome-associated inflammation and T cell activation in people living with HIV in rural versus urban Zimbabwe
Authors: Lazzaro Alessandro , Colorado Angela Sofia Burkhart , Neff Charles Preston , Nusbacher Nichole , Boyd Kathryn , Fiorillo Suzanne , Martin Casey , Siebert Janet , Campbell Thomas , Borok Margaret , Palmer Brent , Lozupone Catherine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV (PLWH) has dramatically reduced mortality and improved life expectancy. However, even with suppression of HIV-1 replication, chronic immune activation and elevated inflammation persist. Chronic immune activation has been linked to a pro-inflammatory gut microbiome composition, exacerbated by compromised intestinal barrier integrity that occurs after HIV infection. Individuals living in urban versus rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa have differences in environmental factors such as water source or diet that may impact gut microbiome composition, yet immune phenotype and gut microbiome composition response to ART in PLWH living in rural versus urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa have not been compared. Here, we measured immune phenotypes and fecal microbiome composition in PLWH and healthy participants recruited from the urban Mabvuku polyclinic in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe and the Mutoko District hospital located in a district 146 km from Harare that services surrounding rural villages. PLWH were either ART naïve at baseline and sampled again after 24 weeks of treatment with efavirenz/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EFV/3TC/TDF) and the prophylactic antibiotic cotrimoxazole or were ART experienced at both timepoints. Although expected reductions in the inflammatory marker IL-6, T-cell activation, and exhaustion were observed in individuals who had suppressed HIV-1 with treatment, these changes were significant only when considering individuals in the urban and not the rural area. Gut microbiome composition showed more marked differences from healthy controls in the ART experienced compared to ART naïve cohort, and consistent longitudinal changes were also observed in ART naïve PLWH after 24 weeks of treatment, including a reduction in alpha diversity and altered composition. However, gut microbiome composition showed a more pronounced relationship with chronic immune activation and exhaustion phenotypes in the ART naïve compared to ART experienced PLWH, suggesting a particularly significant role for the gut microbiome in disease progression in uncontrolled infection.
Improving Outcomes in Laparoscopic Anterior Rectal Resection: The Benefits of REAL Score in Preoperative Risk Assessment for Anastomotic Leak
Authors: Roscio Francesco , Monti Eleonora , Clerici Federico , Carrano Francesco Maria , Scandroglio Ildo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of a preoperative risk assessment tool called REctal Anastomotic Leak (REAL) score for predicting the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing laparoscopic anterior rectal resection with total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. METHODS This prospective study was conducted from May 1st ,2018, to May 1st, 2021 and included a consecutive unselected series of patients undergoing elective laparoscopic anterior rectal resection with total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. We collected data on patients' medical histories, surgical procedures, length of hospital stay, and short-term outcomes. Operative steps, instrumentation, and postoperative cares were standardized to ensure patient consistency. We used the Charlson Comorbidity Index and the Clavien-Dindo classification system to assess comorbidities and complications respectively. We calculated the REAL score for each patient and statistically compared those who experienced an anastomotic leak to those who did not. Additionally, we conducted a univariate and multivariate analysis on other factors that may have influenced outcomes. RESULTS The study included 57 patients with a mean age of 70 years and a Charlson Comorbidity Index of 6.1 ± 1.9. The tumor was located in the upper, mid, and lower rectum in 45.6%, 33.3%, and 21.1% of cases, respectively, and 57.9% of patients had a loop ileostomy fashioned. Indocyanine green angiography was used during surgery in 53.3% of cases. We had 3 cases (5.3%) of conversion to open laparotomy. Post-operative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo system showed rates of 21.0%, 8.8%, and 7.0% for grades 1, 2, and 3b, respectively. There were 6 cases of anastomotic leakage, with 4 treated surgically and 2 conservatively. Patients with anastomotic leak had a significantly higher REAL score than those without (71.3 ± 20.5 vs. 33.7 ± 21.3). The 30-day readmission and mortality rates were 5.3% and 0%, respectively. Low preoperative serum albumin levels, preoperative blood transfusions, and the absence of indocyanine green angiography during surgery were factors significantly associated with an increased risk of anastomotic leakage according to both univariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS The REAL score may be a helpful tool for evaluating the risk of anastomotic leak in patients undergoing laparoscopic anterior rectal resection with total mesorectal excision. Further investigation is needed to assess a potential improvement in the yield of the REAL score by incorporating the analysis of additional modifiable factors such as hypoalbuminemia, preoperative transfusion rate, and the use of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography during surgery.