bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup larva ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) pada konsentrasi tepung daun jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) yang berbeda dalam pakan
Authors: Dara Dewi Cut , A. Muchlisin Zainal , . Sugito 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of jaloh leaf powders as alternative raw material for the formulated diet ofAfrican catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Four concentrations of jaloh leaf powders (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) were examined in this study. The experimental fish were fed three times a day (on 08.00 am, 12.00 am and 17.00 pm) with feeding ration of 5% of body weight and the fish was reared for 35 days. The ANOVA test showed that the different concentration of jaloh leaf powders gave a significantly effect on growth performance of African catfish larvae (P0,05) but did not give significantly effect on the survival rate (P0,05). The Duncans test showed that the higher survival rate and growth performance were found in the control (without jaloh leaf powders). Therefore it is concluded that the jaloh leaf powders is not suitable as alternativerows material for African catfish diet.Key words: Protein; Carbohydrate; Catfish; Alternative feed Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemungkinan pemanfaatan tepung daun jaloh (S. tetrasperma) sebagai bahan baku alternatif untuk pakan ikan lele(C. gariepinus). Dalam penelitian ini telah diuji beberapa tingkat proporsi tepung daun jaloh yaitu (0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15%) .Pemberian pakan dilakukan tiga kali sehari, yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 12.00 dan 17.00 WIB,sebanyak5%dari berat bobot tubuhnyaselama 35 hari. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung daun jaloh memberikan pengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan pertumbuhan harian benih ikan lele dumbo (P0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kelangsungan hidup (P0,05). Uji lanjut Duncan’s menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kontrol (tanpa daun jaloh) dalam pakan memberikan hasil terbaik dari segi pertumbuhan mutlak, pertumbuhan harian dan kelangsungan hidup. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan tepung daun jaloh kurang sesuai sebagai bahan baku alternatif dalam pakan ikan lele dumbo.Kata kunci: Protein; Karbohidrat; Ikan lele; Pakan alternatif
Aplikasi madu untuk pengarahan jenis kelamin pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Adhita Damayanti Ayu , Sutresna Wayan , . Wildan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The objective of this research was to found the optimum concentration of honey for sex reversal of male tilapia. The non factorial completely randomize design was used for this research, the factor that has been examined were honey concentrations at level of 0%, 0.05 %, 0.1%, 0.15 % and 0.2 % for 24 hours submersion. The data were subjected to Anova test and followed by BNT test. The results showed that the differences of honey concentrations was significantly influence the percentage of male tilapia (P0.05), but did not affect significantly on the survival rates. (P0.05). In general, the percentage of male tilapia was increased with increasing the honey concentrations, where the higher percentage of male was found at 0.2 % (81.43%), and it was different significantly with other concentrations. It is concluded that 0.2% of honey is suitable for male tilapia sex reversal.Keywords: Honey; Sex reversal; Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus); Male; SubmersionAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi madu yang efektif menghasilkan ikan nila (O. niloticus) kelamin jantan yang paling tinggi. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial digunakan dalam penelitian ini, faktor yang diuji adalah perbedaan konsentrasi madu, yaitu 0 %(kontrol), 0,05 %, 0,1 %, 0,15 % dan 0,2% ppt selama 24 jam perendaman. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi madu berpengaruh nyata terhiadap persentase nila jantan yang dihasilkan (P0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kelulushidupan baik selama perendaman maupun pemeliharaan (P0,05). Secara umum terlihat persentase kelamin jantan meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi madu dalam larutan perendam. Uji lanjut menggunakan BNJ memperlihatkan bahwa persentase nila jantan tertinggi dijumpai pada konsentrasi 0,2% (81,43%±0,23), nilai ini berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi madu 0,2% sesuai dan efektif untuk pengarahan jenis kelamin jantan pada ikan nila.Kata kunci: Madu; Pengarahan jenis kelamin; Nila(Oreochromis niloticus); Jantan; Perendaman
Studi pendahuluan klasifikasi ukuran butir sedimen di Danau Laut Tawar, Takengon, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah, Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Setiawan Ichsan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The purpose of this research was to examine the sediment grains size in Lake Laut Tawar. This research was done during Mei to June 2012. Five sampling stationse were determined i.e. Toweran, Bintang, Klitu, Boom and Ujung Mumpar. Dry sieving analysis method was used in this study with different diameter stage sediment sieve such as 4.75 mm, 1.7 mm, 250 µm, 850 µm, 150 µm, 0.2 µm, and 0.063 µm. The data was then weighed and calculated for percentages. The results showed that the sediment in Toweran station was dominated by pebble and medium sand; in Bintang station was dominated by pebble and coarse sand; in Klitu station was dominated by pebble and medium sand; in Boom station was dominated of colloid and remaining shells; and in Ujung Mumpar station was dominated of pebble and coarse sand. Generally, the sedimen type was pebble and coarse sand.Keywords: The dry sieving method; Stage sieve; Sediment grain size Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran butir sedimen di Danau Laut Tawar. Penelitian berlangsung pada Bulan Mei sampai Juni 2012. Lokasi sampling terbagi menajdi beberapa stasiun; Stasiun Toweran, Bintang, Klitu, Boom dan Ujung Mumpar. Sampel sedimen disaring dengan ayakan bertingkat dengan diameter 4,75 mm, 1,7 mm, 250 µm, 850 µm, 150 µm, 0,2 µm, 0,063 µm. Persentase berat fraksi sedimen dihitung berdasarkan saringan sedimen bertingkat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sedimen di Stasiun Toweran dominan kerakal dan batu yang diikuti pasir sedang, di Stasiun Bintang dominan kerakal dan batu yang diikuti pasir sangat kasar, di Stasiun Klitu dominan kerakal dan batu yang diikuti pasir sedang, di Stasiun Boom dominan koloid yang diikuti sisa kerang-kerangan dan di Stasiun Ujung Mumpar dominan kerakal dan batu yang diikuti pasir sangat kasar. Secara umum ukuran sedimen di Danau laut Tawar adalah kerakal dan pasir sangat kasar.Kata kunci : Metode ayak kering; Saringan bertingkat; Ukuran butir sedimen
Daya dukung perairan Pulau Liukang Loe untuk aktivitas ekowisata bahari
Authors: Arhan Rajab Muhammad , Fahruddin Achmad , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract.The purpose of the studywas to assessthe carrying capacity of Liukang Loe Island for tourism activities. The mathematicallymethod of the formulaDDK= K x Lp/Lt x Wt/Wp was utilized in the study Based on the result of the study and interpretation of satellite imagery, it was oblained three marine tourism activities on the Liukang Loe Island nemaly beach tourism of recreation , snorkeling and diving. Coastal tourism/recreation categories according to the total length area that utilized around 1.441 m can accommodate 56 people/day, snorkeling tourism around 24,65 ha can accommodate 986 people/day and diving tourism around 14,73 ha is able to accommodate 589 people/day. Thus thetotaltouristthat can fittothe overalltourism activityaround1,631 people/day.Keywords : Ecological Carrying Capacity, Marine Ecotourism, Liukang Loe Island. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji daya dukung lingkungan untuk aktifitas wisata Pulau Liukang Loe. Adapun metode perhitungan daya dukung kawasan wisata bahari di Pulau Liukang Loe dilakukan secara matematis dengan rumus DDK= K x Lp/Lt x Wt/Wp.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan interpretasi citra satelit, diperoleh bahwa ada tiga aktivitas wisata bahari di Pulau Liukang Loe yakni wisata pantai kategori rekreasi, snorkling dan diving. Wisata pantai/rekreasi kategori sesuai dengan total panjang area yang dimanfaatkan sebesar 1411 m dapat menampung wisatawan sebesar 56 orang/hari, wisata snorkling sebesar 24,65 ha mampu menampung wisatawan sebesar 986 orang/hari dan wisata selam (diving) sebesar 14,73 ha mampu menampung wisatawan sebesar 589 orang/hari. Dengan demikian total wisatawan yang dapat ditampung untuk keseluruhan aktivitas wisata sebesar 1.631 orang/hari.Kata kunci : Daya Dukung Ekologi, Ekowisata Bahari, Pulau Liukang Loe
Pemaparan merkuri nitrat (Hg (No3)2) dengan konsentrasi berbeda pada jaringan hati benih ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer Bloch): tinjauan histologi
Authors: Khalil Munawar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The aims of this study is to evaluate the effect of the mercury nitrate (Hg(NO3)2) on the histological of the liver structure of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch) fingerling which reared in the sea water. The fingerling liver tissue structure was analyzed using histological technique method. The result shown that Hg(NO3)2 gave negatively effect on the liver of the fingerling. The Hg(NO3)2 was caused atrophy, necrosis, coat inter the liver cellparted, fatty degeneration, cloudy swelling, vacuola degeneration, forming room in the cell, hepatitis, sirrhosis and metal accumulation.Keywords : Liver tissue, Asian Seabass fingerling, heavy metal compound. Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh logam berat merkuri nitrat (Hg(NO3)2) pada struktur histologis hati benih ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer Bloch) yang dipelihara di air laut. Analisis struktur jaringan hati dilakukan melalui teknik histologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hg(NO3)2 memberikan efek negatif pada hati benih ikan. Pada jaringan hati, (Hg(NO3)2) menyebabkan kerusakan atrophy, necrosis, lapisan antar sel hati berpisah, perlemakan hati, pembengkakan sel yang tidak beraturan, degenerasi pada vacuola, terbentuknya ruang antar sel, hepatitis, sirrhosis dan terdapatnya akumulasi logam berat Hg(NO3)2 dalam jaringan hati.Kata kunci: Jaringan hati, benih kakap putih, Senyawa logam berat.
Estimasi limbah organik dan daya dukung perairan dalam upaya pengelolaan terumbu karang di perairan Pulau Semak Daun Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Mansur Wan , Mukhlis Kamal M. , Krisanti Majariana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Sea ranching activity is highly depending on the ecology of coral reef condition. Floating cages activities in Semak Daun island has potential to produce waste along with organic waste from other anthropogenic activities in land and its will lead to eutrophication causing degradation of coral reefs. This study was conducted from May to July 2013. A survey method was used to obtain primary data. Data sets also supported by secondary data. Waste loads estimation of net aquaculture that enter the waters was 1178.1 Kg/ton of fish production (N 243.9 Kg/ton of fish and P 54.1 Kg/ton of fish). Estimated of anthropogenic waste load around the Semak Daun island was 4167 Kg N and 1738.8 Kg P. Based on N load, the carrying capacity of Semak Daun Island for grouper floating cages was 32 unit (192 raft) or 2 ha of 9.99 ha area that appropriate for floating cage activities. In addition, based on dissolved oxygen, the carrying capacity was 28 units (168 raft) or 1.6 Ha of 9.99 Ha area that appropriate for floating cage activities. Keywords: Sea Ranching; Organic waste; Carrying capacity; Semak Daun Island. Abstrak. Kegiatan Sea ranching sangat tergantung kondisi ekologi terutama ekositem terumbu karang. Dengan adanya aktivitas keramba jaring apung yang terdapat di perairan Pulau Semak Daun memiliki potensi untuk menghasilkan limbah pakan bersama dengan limbah organik yang berasal dari berbagai kegiatan di darat dan apabila tidak terkendali dengan baik akan menyebabkan terjadinya eutrofikasi sehingga menyebabkan degradasi terumbu karang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2013. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Menggunakan Analisis dilakukan terhadap estimasi limbah organik dan analisis daya dukung perairan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan estimasi beban limbah budidaya jaring apung yang masuk ke perairan Pulau Semak Daun yaitu sebesar 1.178,1 Kg /ton ikan produksi (N 243,9 Kg/ton ikan dan P 54,1 Kg/ton ikan). Estimasi limbah antropogenik dari daratan sekitar pulau Semak Daun diperoleh 4.167 Kg N dan 1.738,8 Kg P. Berdasarkan pendekatan beban limbah N, daya dukung lingkungan perairan Pulau Semak Daun untuk pengembangan KJA ikan kerapu adalah 32 unit (192 petak KJA) atau 2 ha dari 9,99 ha luasan yang sesuai untuk kegiatan KJA. Berdasarkan ketersediaan oksigen terlarut, daya dukung perairan diperoleh 28 unit (168 petak KJA) atau 1,6 ha dari 9,99 ha luasan yang sesuai untuk KJA.Kata Kunci : Sea Ranching; Limbah Organik; Daya dukung perairan; Pulau Semak Daun
Effects of helminths and anthelmintic treatment on cardiometabolic diseases and risk factors: A systematic review
Authors: Pham Khanh , Mertelsmann Anna , Mages Keith , Kingery Justin R. , Mazigo Humphrey D. , Jaka Hyasinta , Kalokola Fredrick , Changalucha John M. , Kapiga Saidi , Peck Robert N. , Downs Jennifer A. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundGlobally, helminth infections and cardiometabolic diseases often overlap in populations and individuals. Neither the causal relationship between helminth infections and cardiometabolic diseases nor the effect of helminth eradication on cardiometabolic risk have been reviewed systematically in a large number of human and animal studies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review assessing the reported effects of helminth infections and anthelmintic treatment on the development and/or severity of cardiometabolic diseases and risk factors. The search was limited to the most prevalent human helminths worldwide. This study followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered prospectively in PROSPERO (CRD42021228610). Searches were performed on December 10, 2020 and rerun on March 2, 2022 using Ovid MEDLINE ALL (1946 to March 2, 2022), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Global Index Medicus, and Ovid Embase (1974 to March 2, 2022). Randomized clinical trials, cohort, cross-sectional, case-control, and animal studies were included. Two reviewers performed screening independently.ResultsEighty-four animal and human studies were included in the final analysis. Most studies reported on lipids (45), metabolic syndrome (38), and diabetes (30), with fewer on blood pressure (18), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (11), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP, 5), and non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (4). Fifteen different helminth infections were represented. On average, helminth-infected participants had less dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Eleven studies examined anthelmintic treatment, of which 9 (82%) reported post-treatment increases in dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes or glucose levels. Results from animal and human studies were generally consistent. No consistent effects of helminth infections on blood pressure, hsCRP, or cardiac function were reported except some trends towards association of schistosome infection with lower blood pressure. The vast majority of evidence linking helminth infections to lower cardiometabolic diseases was reported in those with schistosome infections.ConclusionsHelminth infections may offer protection against dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This protection may lessen after anthelmintic treatment. Our findings highlight the need for mechanistic trials to determine the pathways linking helminth infections with cardiometabolic diseases. Such studies could have implications for helminth eradication campaigns and could generate new strategies to address the global challenge of cardiometabolic diseases.
Development and validation of small animal models for onchocerciasis and loiasis microfilaricide discovery
Authors: Ayiseh Rene Bilingwe , Mbah Glory Enjong , Monya Elvis , Ndi Emmanuel Menang , Sakanari Judy , Lustigman Sara , Cho-Ngwa Fidelis 
Published: February 2023

Background
Onchocerciasis (river blindness) caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus is a neglected tropical disease that affects the skin and eyes of humans. Mass drug administration with ivermectin (IVM) to control the disease often suffers from severe adverse events in individuals co-injected with high loads of Loa loa microfilariae (mf). Thus loiasis animal models for counter-screening of compounds effective against onchocerciasis are needed, as are the corresponding onchocerciasis screening models. The repertoire of such models is highly limiting. Therefore, this study was aimed at developing and validating mf immunocompetent small animal models to increase tools for onchocerciasis drug discovery.

Methodology/Principal findings
O. ochengi mf from cattle skin and L. loa mf from human blood were used to infect BALB/c mice and Mongolian gerbils, and IVM was used for model validation. O. ochengi mf were given subcutaneously to both rodents while L. loa mf were administered intravenously to mice and intraperitoneally to gerbils. IVM was given orally. In an 8-day model of O. ochengi mf in BALB/c mice, treatment with IVM depleted all mf in the mice, unlike the controls. Also, in a 2.5-day model of L. loa mf in BALB/c, IVM significantly reduced mf in treated mice compared to the untreated. Furthermore, the gerbils were very susceptible to O. ochengi mf and IVM eradicated all mf in the treated animals. In the peritoneal L. loa mf gerbil model, IVM reduced mf motility in treated animals compared to the controls. In a 30-day gerbil co-injection model, IVM treatment cleared all O. ochengi mf and reduced motility of L. loa mf. Both mf survived for up to 50 days in a gerbil co-injection model.

Conclusions/Significance
We have developed two immunocompetent small animal models for onchocerciasis and loiasis that can be used for microfilaricide discovery and to counter-screen onchocerciasis macrofilarides
Contextual determinants of mass drug administration performance: Modelling fourteen years of lymphatic filariasis treatments in West Africa
Authors: Fuller Brian B. , Harris Vance , Parker Caleb , Martinez Andres , Toubali Emily , Ebene Blandine Clarisse , Asemanyi-Mensah Kofi , Dembele Massitan , Salissou Adamou Bacthiri , Kabré Cathérine , Meite Aboulaye , Kane Ndeye Mbacke , Kargbo-Labour Ibrahim , Batcho Wilfrid , Diaby Aissatou , Yevstigneyeva Violetta , Stukel Diana Maria 
Published: February 2023

Background
Effective mass drug administration (MDA) is the cornerstone in the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) and a critical component in combatting all neglected tropical diseases for which preventative chemotherapy is recommended (PC-NTDs). Despite its importance, MDA coverage, however defined, is rarely investigated systematically across time and geography.
Most commonly, investigations into coverage react to unsatisfactory outcomes and tend to focus on a single year and health district. Such investigations omit more macro-level influences including sociological, environmental, and programmatic factors.
The USAID NTD database contains measures of performance from thousands of district-level LF MDA campaigns across 14 years and 10 West African countries. Specifically, performance was measured as an MDA’s epidemiological coverage, calculated as persons treated divided by persons at risk.
This analysis aims to explain MDA coverage across time and geography in West Africa using sociological, environmental, and programmatic factors.

Methodology
The analysis links epidemiological coverage data from 3,880 LF MDAs with contextual, non-NTD data via location (each MDA was specific to a health district) and time (MDA month, year). Contextual data included rainfall, temperature, violence or social unrest, COVID-19, the 2014 Ebola outbreak, road access/isolation, population density, observance of Ramadan, and the number of previously completed MDAs.

Principal findings
We fit a hierarchical linear regression model with coverage as the dependent variable and performed sensitivity analyses to confirm the selection of the explanatory factors.
Above average rainfall, COVID-19, Ebola, violence and social unrest were all significantly associated with lower coverage. Years of prior experience in a district and above average temperature were significantly associated with higher coverage.

Conclusions/Significance
These generalized and context-focused findings supplement current literature on coverage dynamics and MDA performance. Findings may be used to quantify typically anecdotal considerations in MDA planning. The model and methodology are offered as a tool for further investigation.
Determinants of maternal morbidity during pregnancy in urban Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Zakir , Afroz Nilima , Sharmin Sabina , Sharmin Sayema , Kabir Enamul 
Published: February 2023

Background
Maternal morbidities especially life-threatening pregnancy complications are major health concerns in developing countries. The main aim is to investigate the prevalence of maternal morbidity during pregnancy and its determinants among women from urban areas of Bangladesh.

Methods
The secondary data were used and extracted from the latest Bangladesh Urban Health Survey (BUHS) 2013. Several statistical models: Poisson, negative binomial (NB) and mixed Poisson were adapted and compared to explore the best model for investigating potential determinants of maternal morbidity. Pearson chi-square statistic was used for the detection of overdispersion in the data.
Results
Overall 13.5% of the urban women in Bangladesh suffered from at least two pregnancy complications. The study detected the overdispersion existing in the maternal morbidity count data and found the NB regression as the best choice for analyzing the data because of its smallest Akaike information criterion. Administrative division (Rangpur: p = 0.003, incidence rate ratio, IRR = 1.34, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.11 to 1.63; Sylhet: p = 0.006, incidence rate ratio, IRR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.82), unwanted pregnancy (p<0.001, IRR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.40), place of delivery (p<0.001, IRR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.53 to 1.86) and wealth index (Poor: p<0.001, IRR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.50; Middle: p = 0.003, IRR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.36) were found to be statistically significant determinants for maternal morbidity during pregnancy among the urban women in Bangladesh.

Conclusions
Urban women in Bangladesh with an unwanted pregnancy, from the poor/middle-income group; and living in Rangpur and Sylhet divisional cities have a higher risk of maternal morbidity during pregnancy. Study findings may help the government and relevant authorities to take necessary steps for reducing maternal morbidity and mortality due to pregnancy-related complications.