bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An environmental DNA assay for the detection of Critically Endangered angel sharks (Squatina spp.)
Authors: Faure Nadia , Manel Stéphanie , Macé Bastien , Arnal Véronique , Guellati Nacim , Holon Florian , Barroil Adèle , Pichot Franck , Riutort Jean‐Jacques , Insacco Gianni , Zava Bruno , Mouillot David , Deter Julie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The three sympatric angel shark species occurring in the Mediterranean – Squatina squatina (the angelshark), Squatina aculeata (the sawback angelshark), and Squatina oculata (the smoothback angelshark) – are all classed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. There is a clear need to better quantify their current status, using appropriate non‐destructive methods, to help inform future conservation measures.
This study introduces an environmental DNA (eDNA) assay able to detect and distinguish S. aculeata, S. oculata, and S. squatina in the Mediterranean Sea by combining probe‐based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technology and Sanger sequencing. The assay targets a 173‐bp barcode in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. It was tested in silico, in vitro on tissue‐extracted DNA, and on eDNA extracted from filtration samples. This genus‐specific assay was applied to detect the presence of S. squatina in eDNA samples collected in Corsica, France.
The target barcode was found in seven of 76 eDNA samples, revealing the presence of S. squatina in north‐western Corsica, where the shark has never been observed, and confirming its existence on the eastern coast. The study also demonstrates that using eDNA sampling, based on 30 L of seawater filtered close to the substrate with a waterproof peristaltic pump, it was possible to detect the eDNA of this rare benthic species.
The results of detection can help identify critical areas for angel shark conservation and facilitate the development of local public awareness initiatives. This novel qPCR assay should be used for future applications in the Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic targeting angel sharks to better identify the remaining populations. In this study the qPCR assay was applied for S. squatina eDNA, but application to S. aculeata and S. oculata still needs to be validated in the field.
Craniorachipagus symmetric conjoined twinning: Identification of a fourth case and delineation of the phenotype
Authors: Oostra Roelof‐Jan , Solt Ido , Boer Lucas L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSymmetric craniorachipagus is an exceedingly rare type of bi‐umbilical conjoined twinning, known from only three scantily described cases.CaseWe identified a fourth, previously described case that was misdiagnosed as janiceps and as pygopagus. It concerned dorsally conjoined twins that were part of a triplet pregnancy, spontaneously born at 22 weeks of gestation. Radiography confirmed union at the occipital craniums and the thoracolumbar vertebral columns. Both twins had their own separate umbilical cords. To delineate the phenotype of craniorachipagus and to differentiate it from rachipagus without cranial involvement, we compared the present case with the previous three reported cases and with the historical literature concerning comparable conditions. Furthermore, we discuss why exceedingly rare conditions such as these are presently underreported in the literature.ConclusionSymmetric craniorachipagus is a type of bi‐umbilical conjoined twinning, to date represented by four confirmed cases that share a similar phenotype. This includes dorsal conjunction at the sides of the occipital craniums and the vertebral columns, in the absence of any visceral connections. Details on its etiopathogenesis and apparent lethality await additional case investigations. No unequivocally confirmed cases of symmetric rachipagus without cranial involvement have been reported and its existence in humans has yet to be proven.
Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for chronic noncancer pain and prescription opioid use disorder: A qualitative pilot study of its feasibility and the perceived process of change
Authors: Ellerbroek Hannah , Hanssen Imke , Lathouwers Karen , Cillessen Linda , Dekkers Sander , Veldman Stijn E. , van den Heuvel Sandra A. S. , Speckens Anne E. M. , Schellekens Arnt F. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMindfulness‐based interventions have a positive impact on pain, craving, and well‐being in both patients with chronic pain and those with opioid use disorder (OUD). Although data are limited, mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) might be a promising treatment for patients with chronic noncancer pain combined with OUD. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the feasibility and process of change during MBCT in this particular population.MethodsIn this qualitative pilot study, 21 patients who were hospitalized for rotation to buprenorphine/naloxone as agonist treatment for chronic pain and OUD were offered MBCT. Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore experienced barriers and facilitators to MBCT. Patients who participated in MBCT were also interviewed on their perceived process of change.ResultsOf 21 patients invited to participate in MBCT, 12 initially expressed interest but only four eventually participated in MBCT. The timing of the intervention, group format, somatic complaints, and practical difficulties were identified as the main barriers to participation. Facilitating factors included having a positive attribution toward MBCT, an intrinsic motivation to change, and practical support. The four MBCT participants mentioned several important mechanisms of change, including reduction of opioid craving and improved coping with pain.ConclusionsMBCT offered in the current study was not feasible for the majority of patients with pain and OUD. Changing the timing of MBCT by providing it at an earlier stage of the treatment and offering MBCT in an online format may facilitate participation.
Acupuncture for the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yan Yuqian , López‐Alcalde Jesús , Zhang Linxin , Siebenhüner Alexander R. , Witt Claudia M. , Barth Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), with a specific intention on exploring sources of between‐study variation in treatment effects.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared acupuncture to sham acupuncture or usual care (UC). The main outcome is complete control (no vomiting episodes and/or no more than mild nausea) of CINV. GRADE approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence.ResultsThirty‐eight RCTs with a total of 2503 patients were evaluated. Acupuncture in addition to UC may increase the complete control of acute vomiting (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.25; 10 studies) and delayed vomiting (RR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.00; 10 studies) when compared with UC only. No effects were found for all other review outcomes. The certainty of evidence was generally low or very low. None of the predefined moderators changed the overall findings, but in an exploratory moderator analysis we found that an adequate reporting of planned rescue antiemetics might decrease the effect size of complete control of acute vomiting (p = 0.035).ConclusionAcupuncture in addition to usual care may increase the complete control of chemotherapy‐induced acute vomiting and delayed vomiting but the certainty of evidence was very low. Well‐designed RCTs with larger sample sizes, standardized treatment regimens, and core outcome measures are needed.
Exploring the effects of virtual hand appearance on midair typing efficiency
Authors: Cui Dixuan , Mousas Christos 
Published: May 2023

SummaryMidair typing has gradually become the potential mainstream of virtual reality (VR) typing, as it eliminates the setup of additional hardware devices and provides convenience for portable head‐mounted displays (HMDs). In midair typing, users type on a virtual keyboard while using their virtual hands. In addition to the lack of a dominant method for VR‐based midair typing, we still do not know the impact that different appearances of virtual hands could have on text input in VR. Thus, we picked a widely used midair typing method (i.e., the VR‐rendered QWERTY keyboard) and conducted a VR study to explore the effects of three hand appearances (i.e., abstract, mannequin, realistic hands) on typing efficiency in terms of typing accuracy, typing speed, and task load. Our within‐group study revealed that (1) the mannequin hand caused significantly higher performance on typing speed than the abstract and realistic hands, (2) the abstract hand caused significantly lower performance (more typing errors) on typing accuracy compared to the mannequin and realistic hands, and (3) participants rated the task load of using the abstract hand significantly higher than the mannequin and realistic hands.
Novel Pyrazole‐Based Transition Metal Complexes: Spectral, Photophysical, Thermal and Biological Studies
Authors: Devi Priyanka , Singh Kiran , Makawana Dhaval 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel bioactive Schiff base (HL) named 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐5‐((5‐nitrosalicylidene)amino)pyrazole was prepared by condensing 5‐amino‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenylpyrazole with 5‐nitrosalicyldehyde in methanol on a heating mantle in refluxing condition for 1 h. Some transition metal complexes of the ligand in (1 : 1) and (1 : 2) have also been prepared by condensing the metal acetate salt with the synthesized Schiff base. The Schiff base and metal complexes were characterized by different physiochemical techniques, i. e., 1H‐NMR, InfraRed, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, Ultraviolet‐Visible, Cyclic voltammetry, electronic spectra and Electron spin resonance. The presence of water molecules in the complexes have been calculated with the help of thermogravimetric analysis. Kinetic parameters such that entropy change, enthalpy change and activation energy have been calculated with the help of Coats‐Redfern equations. Fluorescence spectra showed enhancement in the fluorescence signal of the metal complexes. Square planar geometry for the copper complexes and octahedral geometry for the other metal complexes have been proposed with help of various methods. Biological activities of all the compounds have been carried out and the results disclosed that the metal complexes have high biological activity than the Schiff base having MIC value in the range 25–3.12 μg/mL and mycelial growth inhibition 60.82–96.98 %.
1,2‐Arylsulfonylation of Vinyl Ethers and Esters Enabled by Dual Ni Catalysis
Authors: Pugnal Lucas V. B. L. , Vega Kimberly B. , Pissinati Emanuele F. , Correia José Tiago M. , Zukerman‐Schpector Julio , Martin Ruben , Paixão Márcio W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA dual photocatalytic sulfonylation‐arylation of electron‐rich alkenes is described. By combining sulfinate salts, (hetero)‐aryl‐bromides and 2,3‐dihydrofuran under Ru and Ni dual catalysis, over 35 examples of aryl‐sulfonylated scaffolds could be obtained in good to excellent yields, under mild reaction conditions and high diastereoselectivity.
Caged Luciferase Inhibitor‐Based Bioluminescence Switching Strategy Enables Efficient Detection of Serum APN Activity and the Identification of Its Roles in Metastasis of Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer**
Authors: Li Yunzhi , Wu Jiaxin , Jin Chaoying , Zhang Yiqiu , Wang Jiyu , Wang Xuecen , Li Huixia , Zhang Xiaoyue , Liu Tingyu , Zhou Deyuan , Kuang Yukun , Wu Weijian , Wang Youqiao , Ke Zunfu , Bu Xianzhang , Yue Xin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBioluminogenic probes emerged as powerful tools for imaging and analysis of various bioanalyses, but traditional approaches would be limited to the low sensitivity during determine the low activity of protease in clinical specimens. Herein, we proposed a caged luciferase inhibitor‐based bioluminescence‐switching strategy (CLIBS) by using a cleavable luciferase inhibitor to modulate the activity of luciferase reporter to amplify the detective signals, which led to the enhancement of detection sensitivity, and enabled the determination of circulating Aminopeptidase N (APN) activity in thousands of times diluted serum. By applying the CLIBS to serum samples in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from two clinical cohorts, we revealed that, for the first time, higher circulating APN activities but not its concentration, were associated with more NSCLC metastasis or higher metastasis stages by subsequent clinical analysis, and can serve as an independent factor for forecasting NSCLC patients’ risk of metastasis.
Comparative rotatory power of bent and twisted polyynes
Authors: Sburlati Sophia , Gustafson Afton , Kahr Bart 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLinear polyynes of the formula C18H2 (symmetry D∞h) were bent in silico by progressively introducing CCC angles less than 180°. The bent structures (symmetry C2v) were then twisted by introducing torsion angles across the CCCC segments by as much as 60°. The gyration tensors of these 19 structures (linear, bent, and twisted) were computed by linear response methods. Bending is massively generative of optical activity in oriented structures, even achiral structures, whereas twisting in conjunction with bending, serves to linearize the molecules and diminish maximally observable optical activity. This computational exercise is intended to unbind the infelicitous linkage of optical activity and chirality, which is only meaningful in isotropic media. Although bent structures are not optically active in solution—the spatial average of the optical activity is necessarily zero—solution measurements that deliver the spatial averages are a special class of measurements, albeit the overwhelmingly most common chiroptical measurements, that prejudice our common understanding of how π‐conjugated structures generate gyration. Bending is far more effective than twisting at generating optical activity along some directions for oriented structures. The respective contributions from the transition electric dipole–magnetic dipole polarizability and the transition electric dipole–electric quadrupole polarizability are compared.
Exploiting Adsorption/Diffusion Synergy in MFI‐Catalyzed Hexane Isomerization Reactor
Authors: Krishna Rajamani 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe isomerization of n‐hexane to produce mono‐ and di‐branched isomers is an important process for octane enhancement of gasoline. In a fixed bed reactor, packed with MFI catalyst, there is synergy between mixture adsorption equilibrium and intra‐crystalline diffusion. This synergy is best exploited by operating the reactor in a transient manner, whereby the desired products consisting of the branched isomers can be recovered from the exiting gas mixture during the early stages of transience. This strategy essentially results in a combination of reaction and separation in a single fixed bed device.
Association between vitamin D deficiency and vasovagal syncope: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khalaji Amirmohammad , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Tajdini Masih 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most prevalent type of syncope and its management includes pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic interventions. Recently, studies have investigated vitamin D levels in VVS patients. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we aim to review these studies to find possible associations between vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D levels with VVS. International databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were searched with keywords related to “vasovagal syncope” and “vitamin D.” Studies were screened and the data were extracted from them. Random‐effect meta‐analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for vitamin D levels in comparison to VVS patients and controls. Also, VVS occurrence was measured and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated for comparison of vitamin D deficient cases and nondeficient individuals. Six studies were included with 954 cases investigated. Meta‐analysis showed that patients with VVS had significantly lower vitamin D serum levels in comparison to non‐VVS cases (SMD −1.05, 95% CI −1.54 to −0.57, p‐value < .01). Moreover, VVS occurrence was higher in vitamin D‐deficient individuals (OR 5.43, 95% CI 2.40 to 12.27, p‐value < .01). Our findings which show lower vitamin D levels in VVS patients can have clinical implications in order for clinicians to pay attention to this when approaching VVS. Further randomized controlled trials are certainly warranted to assess the role of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with VVS.
Implication of dissolved nitrogen dynamics of urban rivers using multivariate regression and structural equation modeling
Authors: Arora Sameer , Keshari Ashok K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe river's functional balance varies according to flow regimes and nutrient distribution. Watercourses can receive water from different point and nonpoint sources, which discharge high nitrogen load in rivers generated from domestic and industrial effluents and agricultural runoff. The excessive concentration of nitrogen load affects the riverine ecosystem by attenuating dissolved oxygen balance and disturbing the water quality. A study has been conducted to determine the nitrogen dynamics and their impact on the water quality of the Delhi stretch of Yamuna River, India, which is highly influenced by anthropogenic activities. Multivariate linear regression (MLR) was performed to gain insight into nitrogen dynamics, and structural equation modeling was applied to determine the direct (primary) and indirect (secondary) relation between the water quality parameters and the subsequent impact on water quality. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was measured using ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen was estimated to reflect the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). The variation in dissolved nitrogen (organic and inorganic) signifies high negative flux on the river's organic content, causing further degradation of river water quality. MLR predicted a high correlation between predicted and observed DIN at the Income Tax Office (ITO) (92.5%) and Nizamuddin (94.37%) and DON at ITO (93.49%) and Nizamuddin (95.28%). The high concentration during the lean period deteriorates the water quality tremendously and suggests that the variation in dissolved nitrogen content should be monitored carefully to maintain the river's water quality dominated by the organic load.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial dysfunction in acute alcohol‐associated hepatitis
Authors: Bellar Annette , Welch Nicole , Dasarathy Jaividhya , Attaway Amy , Musich Ryan , Kumar Avinash , Sekar Jinendiran , Mishra Saurabh , Sandlers Yana , Streem David , Nagy Laura E , Dasarathy Srinivasan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with acute alcohol‐associated hepatitis (AH) have immune dysfunction. Mitochondrial function is critical for immune cell responses and regulates senescence. Clinical translational studies using complementary bioinformatics‐experimental validation of mitochondrial responses were performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with AH, healthy controls (HC), and heavy drinkers without evidence of liver disease (HD).MethodsFeature extraction for differentially expressed genes (DEG) in mitochondrial components and telomere regulatory pathways from single‐cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) and integrated ‘pseudobulk’ transcriptomics from PBMC from AH and HC (n = 4 each) were performed. After optimising isolation and processing protocols for functional studies in PBMC, mitochondrial oxidative responses to substrates, uncoupler, and inhibitors were quantified in independent discovery (AH n = 12; HD n = 6; HC n = 12) and validation cohorts (AH n = 10; HC n = 7). Intermediary metabolites (gas‐chromatography/mass‐spectrometry) and telomere length (real‐time PCR) were quantified in subsets of subjects (PBMC/plasma AH n = 69/59; HD n = 8/8; HC n = 14/27 for metabolites; HC n = 13; HD n = 8; AH n = 72 for telomere length).ResultsMitochondrial, intermediary metabolite, and senescence‐regulatory genes were differentially expressed in PBMC from AH and HC in a cell type–specific manner at baseline and with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fresh PBMC isolated using the cell preparation tube generated optimum mitochondrial responses. Intact cell and maximal respiration were lower (p ≤ .05) in AH than HC/HD in the discovery and validation cohorts. In permeabilised PBMC, maximum respiration, complex I and II function were lower in AH than HC. Most tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates in plasma were higher while those in PBMC were lower in patients with AH than those from HC. Lower telomere length, a measure of cellular senescence, was associated with higher mortality in AH.ConclusionPatients with AH have lower mitochondrial oxidative function, higher plasma TCA cycle intermediates, with telomere shortening in nonsurvivors.
Retinal imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies using brain amyloid beta status for case definition
Authors: Ashraf Gizem , McGuinness Myra , Khan Muhammad Azaan , Obtinalla Czarina , Hadoux Xavier , van Wijngaarden Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association between retinal imaging parameters and Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus were systematically searched for prospective and observational studies. Included studies had AD case definition based on brain amyloid beta (Aβ) status. Study quality assessment was performed. Random‐effects meta‐analyses of standardized mean difference, correlation, and diagnostic accuracy were conducted.ResultsThirty‐eight studies were included. There was weak evidence of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thinning on optical coherence tomography (OCT) (p = 0.14, 11 studies, n = 828), increased foveal avascular zone area on OCT‐angiography (p = 0.18, four studies, n = 207), and reduced arteriole and venule vessel fractal dimension on fundus photography (p < 0.001 and p = 0.08, respectively, three studies, n = 297) among AD cases.DiscussionRetinal imaging parameters appear to be associated with AD. Small study sizes and heterogeneity in imaging methods and reporting make it difficult to determine utility of these changes as AD biomarkers.Highlights
We performed a systematic review on retinal imaging and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
We only included studies in which cases were based on brain amyloid beta status.
Several retinal biomarkers were associated with AD but clinical utility is uncertain.
Studies should focus on biomarker‐defined AD and use standardized imaging methods.