bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possibilities for managing the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction risk in obese patients
Authors: Gritsenko O. V. , Chumakova G. A. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Subbotin E. A. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To study the factors preventing the LVDD in obese patients.Material and methods. The study included 101 obese men who initially did not have LVDD. After 4,7±0,3 years, anthropometric parameters (body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC)) and LV diastolic function were reassessed. All patients at the time of enrollment were assessed for the level of neurohumoral (leptin, adiponectin, leptin receptor), pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, -10, C-reactive protein) and profibrotic factors (collagen type I and III, matrix metalloproteinase-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor β).Results. During 4,7±0,3 years of follow-up, 26,7% of the total number inclu­ded in the study registered a decrease in body weight. A tendency to a de­crease in epicardial fat thickness (EFT) by 0,5 mm (7,49 (6,00; 9,00) mm at the time of inclusion and 7,04 (6,00; 9,00) mm over time (p=0,13)). According to echocardiography, LVDD was detected in 20 patients (19,8% after 4,7±0,3 years). Comparative analysis of baseline anthropometric parameters, EFT and after 4,7±0,3 years in groups of patients with (DD+) and without (DD-) LVDD revealed a significant decrease in body weight (p=0,03), BMI (p=0,02), WC (p=0,04) and EFT (p=0,002) only in the DD- group. Patients who developed LVDD initially had increased tumor necrosis factor-α (p=0,02), interleukin-6 (p=0,01), free fatty acids (p=0,001), type I collagen (p=0,001), type III collagen (p=0,02) and a decrease in adiponectin level (p=0,001).Conclusion. Thus, in patients with a decrease in weight, BMI, WC and EFT during the follow-up period of 4,7±0,3 years, LVDD did not develop, which is associated with a reduced risk of myocardial lipotoxicity against the background of epicardial obesity.
Prognostic role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in patients with coronary artery disease and abdominal obesity
Authors: Svarovskaya A. V. , Astanin P. A. , Teplyakov A/ T. , Vende A. D. , Ogurkova O. N. , Garganeeva A. A. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To study the prognostic role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a marker of adverse cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with coro­nary artery disease (CAD) associated with abdominal obesity (AO).Material and methods. This 12-month prospective study included 68 patients diagnosed with CAD who were hospitalized for elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The median age was 61 [55;65] years. Depending on the presence of obesity according to the World Health Organization (1999) criteria, patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group included 30 patients with AO, while the 2nd group — 38 patients without obesity. Patients were measured for waist circumference and hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio was calculated. Lipid profile and NGAL concentration were determined. During the study, body mass index (BMI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), triglycerides (TG)/glucose index, lipid accumulation product (LAP), metabolic index (MI), TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (HDL-C). During this period, data was collected on the disease course and intervention outcome. After 12 months an extended examination was performed to assess the endpoints.Results. During the follow-up period, unfavorable cardiovascular events in the 1st group of patients were registered in 33,3% of patients, and in the 2nd group — in 26,3%. In the group of patients with obesity, higher values of anthropometric indices and NGAL were established. The concentration of NGAL has the highest correlation with BMI, MI, LAP and slightly less with total cholesterol and VAI levels. The analysis showed that NGAL >47,1 ng/ml is a predictor of adverse CVEs in patients with CAD and obesity after PCI.Conclusion. Thus, NGAL has the highest correlation with the following indices: BMI, MI, LAP, total cholesterol, and VAI. NGAL >47,1 ng/ml is a predictor of adverse CVEs in patients with CAD and obesity after PCI. NGAL may serve as a promising marker for predicting adverse CVEs. This biomarker already at the stage of hos­pitalization can assess the risk adverse outcomes in patients with CAD and AO, including those who underwent PCI.
Debating points of anticoagulation in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in pregnant women with cardiovascular and systemic diseases. Expert council resolution
Authors: Irtyuga O. B. , Shmakov R. G. , Vavilova Y. V. , Zazerskaya I. E. , Khodzhaeva Z. S. , Lebedeva V. K. , Stryuk R. I. 
Published: May 2023

On December 18, 2022, an interdisciplinary Expert Council was held in St. Pe­ter­sburg, dedicated to the debatable issues of anticoagulation in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in pregnant women with cardiovascular and systemic diseases, at which a number of proposals and guidelines were adopted, and the results of the Highlow study were considered. Leading experts from the Russian Society of Cardiology, the Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the National Association of Specialists in Thrombosis, Clinical Hemostaseology and Hemorheology took part in the Expert Council.
The 2023 Southeast Türkiye Seismic Sequence: Rupture of a Complex Fault Network
Authors: Petersen Gesa Maria , Büyükakpinar Pinar , Vera Sanhueza Felipe Orlando , Metz Malte , Cesca Simone , Akbayram Kenan , Saul Joachim , Dahm Torsten 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
On 6 February 2023, southeastern Türkiye experienced two Mw 7.7 and 7.6 earthquakes. The earthquake sequence caused widespread damage and tens of thousands of casualties in Türkiye and Syria. We analyze mainshocks and aftershocks, combining complementary source characterization techniques, relying on local, regional, and teleseismic data. Backprojection analysis and finite source inversion for the mainshocks resolve coseismic slip, rupture length, and propagation mode along the main faults, whereas centroid moment tensor inversion for 221 aftershocks resolves details of the fault network. The first mainshock nucleated on a splay fault and activated the neighboring East Anatolian fault zone (EAFZ). It ruptured bilaterally along ∼500 km first toward northeast and later to south-southwest on multiple, previously partly dormant fault segments. The second mainshock ruptured the east–west-oriented Sürgü-Misis fault zone (SMFZ), reaching a slip of 7 m. The analysis of aftershocks with heterogeneous moment tensors retrospectively reconstructs rupture details. Along the main strand of the EAFZ, they map the geometry of different segments in unprecedented detail, whereas along the SMFZ they illuminate the geometry and behavior of large structures for the first time. Our work sheds light on multiple aspects of rupture evolution and provides new insights into the devastating earthquake sequence.
Effectiveness of Class IC Antiarrhythmics in Patients with Paroxysmal Form of Atrial Fibrillation in Absence of Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Tsaregorodtsev D. A. , Khalikova M. A. , Vasyukov S. S. , Beraya M. M. , Sedov A. V. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To study the efficacy of class IC arrhythmic drugs (AAD) and catheter ablation (CA) for paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with without structural heart disease.Material and methods. The study included 122 patients (44 men, 78 women, mean age 63 [55;68] years) with symptomatic AF paroxysms. Patients was divided into the lappaconitine hydrobromide group (LH group; n=26), the propafenone group (P group; n=25) – 25 patients, the diethylaminopropionylethoxycarbonylaminophenothiazine hydrochloride (DH group; n=23), the CA groups: radiofrequency ablation (RFA group; n=24) and cryoballoon ablation (CRYO group; n=24) groups each included 24 patients. The primary endpoint was the AF recurrence within 6 and 12 months from the onset of antiarrhythmic drug therapyand in RFA and CRYO groups – within 6 and 12 months after the end of the blinding period. Additionally, in AAD groups a composite endpoint was assessed: the frequency of recurrence of AF within 6 months and the frequency of side effects requiring drug withdrawal.Results. Within the 6 months AF recurrence was observed in 13 (50%) patients of the LH group, 11 (44%) patients of the P group, and 13 (56.5%) patients of the DH group (p=0.687). Side effects requiring drug withdrawal were observed in the LH group in 2 patients (7.7%), in the P group in 3 patients (12%) and in the DH group in 3 patients (13%) (p=0.801). The difference in frequency of reaching the composite endpoint was not significant (p = 0.581) and the incidence was 57.7%, 56%, 69.5%, respectively in groups LH, P and DH. The efficacy of CA was higher than class IC AADs: 77% vs 39% (that including the withdrawals of AADs due to side effects) (p˂0.001). At the same time, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of RFA and CRYO: AF recurrences within 6 months after the end of the blinding period were registered in the RFA group in 29% of cases, in the CRYO group – in 16.7% of cases (p=0.247). The overall effectiveness of CA after 12 months was 69%, which was significantly higher than the effectiveness of AADs that was 38% (p˂0.001).Conclusion. Starting the AAD therapy with IC class in patients with paroxysmal AF in the absence of structural pathology, despite acceptable safety, one should take into account that, regardless of the initially prescribed drug, less than half of patients can achieve prevention of AF recurrence within 1 year. CA for AF can be considered as a first line therapy or can be recommended if one of IC class AADs is ineffective.
Outpatient Practice of Lipid-Lowering Therapy Prescription (According to the ARGO-3 Study)
Authors: Ezhov M. V. , Akhmedzhanov N. M. , Kolmakova T. E. , Tyurina A. V. , Martynov A. I. 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To study the frequency of prescriptions of various types of lipid-lowering therapy and their effectiveness in outpatient clinical practice based on the results of a questionnaire of primary care physicians.Material and methods. The study was performed in 2022 in 75 constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the participation of 1117 doctors working in outpatient clinics. Most of the doctors had work experience of 10-20 years or more. Doctors of polyclinics (therapists and cardiologists, etc.) before the start of the study received instructions, questionnaires for filling out, developed by the National Atherosclerosis Society. The frequency of prescriptions by primary care physicians of various types of lipid-lowering therapy and their effectiveness in terms of the frequency of achieving target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was studied based on the results of a questionnaire.Results. Monotherapy with statins was prescribed in 55.2% of cases, free combination of rosuvastatin with ezetimibe – in 17.2%, single pill combination of rosuvastatin with ezetimibe – in 23.2%, combination therapy with PCSK9 inhibitors – in 4.1% of cases. Target levels of LDL-C ˂ 1.8 mmol/l and ˂ 1.4 mmol/l were achieved with statin monotherapy in 42.6% and 28.2% of cases, respectively, free combination of rosuvastatin with ezetimibe – in 61.7% and 39 .5%, a fixed combination of rosuvastatin with ezetimibe – in 67.8% and 48.5%, combination therapy with PCSK9 inhibitors – in 96.8% and 92.8% of cases.Conclusion. The single pill combination of rosuvastatin with ezetimibe is more effective in achieving target levels of LDL-C compared with statin monotherapy and therapy with free combination of statin with ezetimibe. Despite the fact that the target values of LDL-C when prescribing a combination with PCSK9 inhibitors were achieved in 96.8% and 92.8% of cases, they were used quite rarely at the outpatient stage of treatment in the Russian Federation.
Identifikasi Ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Suhu Permukaan di Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Dayu Ariesta Kirana Sari  , T. MHD. Rafli Fatani  , Nugraheni Setyaningrum  , Darmawan Listya Cahya  , Laili Fuji Widyawati  
Published: May 2023

Kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi berdampak pada penurunan luasan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang berimplikasi pada resiko dampak perubahan iklim. RTH memiliki berbagai fungsi untuk baik secara ekologi, sosial dan ekonomi. Penyediaan RTH dapat bermanfaat dalam penurunan suhu panas, pengurangan polusi, pengelolaan sumber daya air serta mendukung kesejahteraan dan kesehatan, terutama dia area perkotaaan dengan tingkat kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ketersediaan RTH dengan memperhitungkan luasan RTH berdasarkan indeks vegetasi dan mengidentifikasi suhu permukaan di Jakarta Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dengan memafaatkan interpretasi penginderaan jauh, melalui media Normalized DIfference vegetation Index (NDVI) dan Land Surface Temperature (LST) diaplikasikan untuk mengidentifikasi suhu. Hasil studi menemukan jika luasan RTH di Jakarta Selatan mayoritas mengalami kenaikan, hanya ada tiga kecamatan yang memiliki penurunan luasan RTH. Diketahui juga bahwa, Pada area yang mengalami peningkatan luasan RTH, memiliki suhu permukaan terendah di tahun 2021 pada Kecamatan Setiabudi. Disisi lain, Kecamatan Tebet mengalami suhu permukaan tertinggi pada tahun 2021, 229,6oC yang memiliki luas RTH 3.54 Km2 merupakan yang terkecil dibanding seluruh kecamatan di Jakarta Selatan.
Geological Characteristics of Deep Shale Gas and Their Effects on Shale Fracability in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations of the Southern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Li Jing , Li Hu , Yang Cheng , Ren Xiaohai , Li Yading 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The deep shale gas reservoirs of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in the southern Sichuan Basin have strong heterogeneity and complex geological characteristics, resulting in a poor fracturing effect and low vertical production. Based on whole-rock X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, shale gas-bearing experiments, rock mechanical parameter tests and well logging and elemental logging data, the sedimentary environment, and geological characteristics of this deep shale gas are analyzed, and the shale fracability is evaluated. (1) The type of organic matter is affected by factors such as sea level change, hydrodynamics, reducing environmental conditions, algae bioenrichment, and tectonic stability, and the contents of Type I and Type II kerogens in the lowermost reservoir of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations are high. (2) The pores between the biogenic siliceous minerals (the framework) and numerous organic pores provide space for the occurrence of shale gas. High-quality reservoirs have a high brittle mineral content, a high Young’s modulus, a low Poisson’s ratio, an appropriate fracturing pressure, a small net stress difference, and a high shale fracability. (3) Multicluster perforation, temporary plugging near the wellbore, and multistage fracturing can be used in the Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation, increasing the near-wellbore hydraulic fracture complexity and improving the hydraulic fracturing effect.
Electrical Conductivity of Pipeline Deposits Under Pressure and Their Impacts on Sales-Gas Pipeline Cathodic Protection Systems
Authors: Macario Erwin , Carroll Francis , Xu Xiaoda , Brown Justin , Stella Dario , Kentish Sandra E. 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Natural gas pipelines are critical for safe and efficient energy transport across large distances. To maintain operational safety, pipelines use cathodic protection systems that minimize the rate of external corrosion. This work characterizes the effects of black powder deposits, a widely experienced operational hazard across the natural gas industry, on the failure of pipeline cathodic protection systems due to electrical “shorting” of isolation devices. Black powder sludgy deposits from coal seam gas (CSG) pipelines were analyzed, revealing electrical conductivity values within the range of 580 to 5400 µS/cm when under pipeline pressure. These values were used to calculate the internal resistances of monolithic isolation joints (MIJs), a type of electrical isolation device, to show that electrical shorting (internal resistance of &lt; 100 Ω) can occur for black powder sludgy deposit thicknesses in the range of millimeters. To reduce the frequency of such shorting events, it is recommended that upstream dehydration systems be designed to reduce carry-over of triethylene glycol (TEG), that internal nonconductive coatings be applied to isolation devices, and that these devices are installed in ways that facilitate regular cleaning.
HIV-1 activates oxidative phosphorylation in infected CD4 T cells in a human tonsil explant model
Authors: Freeman* Tracey , Zhao* Connie , Schrode* Nadine , Fortune Trinisia , Schroff Sanjana , Tweel Benjamin , Beaumont** Kristin , Swartz** Talia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) leads to a chronic, incurable infection that causes immune activation, resulting in chronic inflammation in people with HIV-1 (PWH) despite virologic suppression on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mechanisms underlying this chronic inflammation are multifactorial; literature supports the role of lymphoid structures as reservoirs for viral latency and immune activation. The cell type-specific transcriptomic changes induced by HIV-1 infection in lymphoid tissue have not been analyzed. Human tonsil explants from four donors were infected with HIV-1 ex vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to evaluate the represented cell types and the impact of infection, differential gene expression, and inflammatory signaling pathways. Infected CD4+ T cells exhibited increased respiratory electron transport pathway genes, activating oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, macrophages exposed to the virus but uninfected demonstrated increased NLRP3 inflammasome pathway genes, activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and stimulating proinflammatory signaling pathways and pyroptotic cell death. These observations support important mechanistic understanding to drive the development of therapeutic strategies to eradicate disease in PWH.
Terms used by healthcare professionals to describe opioid use disorder
Authors: Negaard Briana , Kobuzi Helena , Polgreen Linnea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Using prescription opioids for a long period of time or at high doses can increase the risk of developing opioid use disorder (OUD). Whether a patient has an official diagnosis of OUD or not can change medical practice regarding how that individual is treated. It is imperative to be aware of who may have an undiagnosed OUD in order to avoid potential negative events such as infectious diseases associated with intravenous drug use. The purpose of this research project is to identify unique words and phrases healthcare professionals commonly use to describe patients with OUD.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review at a tertiary care academic medical center. We included all patients with a diagnosis of OUD who had an encounter with a clinician in 2018. The chart notes from a specific appointment were reviewed to identify any unique terms or phrases used by the healthcare professionals in this note. The unique terms found were reported as a number and rate that represents how many chart notes it appeared in overall.
Results
Overall, 297 encounters in the electronic medical record were analyzed for terms associated with OUD. Of the 297 encounters reviewed, 83 notes had no mention of OUD, and 214 notes were found to have unique terms associated with OUD with a total of 322 unique terms and phrases identified. Opioid use disorder was the most used term occurring in 95 of the 297 (32.0%) encounters. A phrase or term containing the word “opioid” was found in 154 of the 297 (51.9%) notes. Suboxone was the second most common term found in 53 (17.8%) notes. Other common terms included cravings (49, 16.5%), relapse (42, 14.1%), and trigger (26, 8.8%).
Conclusions
OUD often goes undiagnosed. Knowing these key words and searching for them can assist healthcare professionals in identifying patients with undiagnosed OUD.
Modification and verification of soil-snow module of INM RAS climate model
Authors: Chernenkov Alexey Yu. , Volodin Evgeny M. , Kostrykin Sergey V. , Tarasevich Maria A. , Vorobyeva Vasilisa V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper describes the new simple parametrization of land snow cover module for INM RAS climate model. The possible liquid water content in the snow layer and refreezing of melt water are taken into account by the proposed parametrization. This is especially important for transition season modelling, because this phenomenon is observed mainly during the formation and melting of the snow cover, when surface temperature fluctuates around 0 °C. Simulation of snow density evolution is also added. This parameterization was implemented in INM-CM snow module and verified on observation data using ESM-SnowMIP-like protocol. As a result, mean climate snowmelting periods according to INM RAS climate model are refined, particularly in middle and high latitudes. Snow covered area reproduction is also improved. Modified version of snow model on the land can be used coupled with albedo model of a snow-covered surface, which takes into account snow metamorphism, and it can be also applied for sea ice case.
Assessment of pluvial flood events based on monitoring and modeling of an old urban storm drainage in the city center of Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Min Aung Khaing , Tashiro Takashi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Pluvial flooding is a critical issue in cities worldwide, particularly in lowland areas with old and deteriorating drainage systems. The primary driver of pluvial flooding is extreme rainfall; other drivers include urbanization, inadequate drainage system, improper solid-waste management, and tidal backwater effect. However, the interplay between these drivers makes predicting pluvial floods difficult and complex. Previous studies in developing countries seldom used water-level data or simulation modeling to identify the causes of pluvial flooding. In this study, rainfall data and water-level variations in an open channel drain and a receiving river controlled by sluice gates were collected and evaluated in detail to investigate pluvial flooding events. To predict these events, we generated a hydrodynamic model using InfoWorks ICM and verified its results using water logger data and official field reports. Analysis shows that drainage-system failures due to solid blockage and receiving water-level variation contribute more to pluvial flood occurrence than heavy rainfall. Lastly, we discuss measures to mitigate pluvial flooding in Yangon, Myanmar. The proposed monitoring and modeling approach can suitably predict pluvial flooding occurrence and provide useful quantitative data for flood risk management.