bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approaches to the identification and management of depression in people living with chronic kidney disease: A scoping review of 860 papers
Authors: Pearce Christina J. , Hall Natalie , Hudson Joanna L. , Farrington Ken , Tucker Madeleine J. Ryan , Wellsted David , Jones Julia , Sharma Shivani , Norton Sam , Ormandy Paula , Palmer Nick , Quinnell Anthony , Fitzgerald Lauren , Griffiths Sophie , Chilcot Joseph 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDepression is prevalent across the spectrum of Chronic Kidney Disease and associated with poorer outcomes. There is limited evidence regarding the most effective interventions and care pathways for depression in Chronic Kidney Disease.ObjectivesTo investigate how depression is identified and managed in adults with Chronic Kidney Disease.DesignScoping review.MethodsSystematic search of eight databases with pre‐defined inclusion criteria. Data relevant to the identification and/or management of depression in adults with Chronic Kidney Disease were extracted.ResultsOf 2147 articles identified, 860 were included. Depression was most identified using self‐report screening tools (n = 716 studies, 85.3%), with versions of the Beck Depression Inventory (n = 283, 33.7%) being the most common. A total of 123 studies included data on the management of depression, with nonpharmacological interventions being more frequently studied (n = 55, 45%). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (n = 15) was the most common nonpharmacological intervention, which was found to have a significant effect on depressive symptoms compared to controls (n = 10). However, how such approaches could be implemented as part of routine care was not clear. There was limited evidence for antidepressants use in people with Chronic Kidney Disease albeit in a limited number of studies.ConclusionsDepression is commonly identified using validated screening tools albeit differences exist in reporting practices. Evidence regarding the management of depression is mixed and requires better‐quality trials of both pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches. Understanding which clinical care pathways are used and their evidence, may help facilitate the development of kidney care specific guidelines for the identification and management of depression.
Time to change the reference ranges of children's physiological observations in emergency care? A prospective study
Authors: Brennan Louise , Heal Calvin , Brown Stephen , Roland Damian , Rowland Andrew G 
Published: January 2023

AimHigh heart and respiratory rates are key indicators in many published guidelines to identify and treat serious bacterial infection and sepsis in children, but the credibility of evidence underpinning what is considered abnormal is questionable. This study established the distribution of heart and respiratory rates of children using a large data set to inform debate on what the ‘normal’ range of these should look like. The primary aim was to compare the distribution of heart and respiratory rates measured in children recruited from non‐tertiary emergency care settings with those published by Advanced Paediatric Life Support (APLS). The secondary aim was to compare the distribution of this study's data set to other national guidance on what constitutes a severe (high‐risk) measurement and previously published data sets.MethodProspective study using anonymised patient data, extracted from electronic patient records of children and young people 0–16 years, recruited from three Emergency Departments and one Urgent Care Centre in Northwest England, UK.ResultsHeart and respiratory rates, including the reporting of values at certain centiles and comparisons of averages. Distribution of heart and respiratory rate were consistently higher than those used by the APLS guidance, resulting in a large proportion exceeding the ‘severe’ cut‐offs proposed. This varied greatly by age.ConclusionsThis study's data set suggests normal heart rate ranges proposed by the APLS and others is too low and therefore ‘abnormal’ measurements encompass too large a proportion. The respiratory rate of this data set was more consistent with the guidelines and other published data sets.
The impact of experimentally shortened sleep on timing of eating occasions in adolescents: A brief report
Authors: Duraccio Kara M. , Whitacre Catharine , Wright Isabella D. , Summer Suzanne S. , Beebe Dean W. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryShort sleep increases the risk for obesity in adolescents. One potential mechanism relates to when eating occurs in the day. This study investigated the impact of shortened sleep on eating occasion timing in adolescents. Ninety‐three healthy 14‐ to 17‐year‐olds (62% female) completed a within‐subject experimental sleep manipulation, engaging in 5‐night spans of Short Sleep (6.5‐hr sleep opportunity) or Healthy Sleep (9.5‐hr sleep opportunity), with order randomized. During each condition, adolescents completed three 24‐hr diet recall interviews. Repeated‐measure t‐tests assessed the sleep manipulation effect on each adolescent's number of meals, first and last eating occasion (relative to the clock and time since sleep onset/offset), feeding window (timespan from first to last eating), and the midpoint of feeding. The timing of the first eating occasion was similar across conditions, relative to the clock (Short = 08:51, Healthy = 08:52) and to time since waking (Short = 2.0 hr, Healthy = 2.2 hr). The timing of the last eating occasion was later relative to the clock (Short = 20:34, Healthy = 19:39; p < 0.001), resulting in a longer feeding window (Short = 11.7 hr, Healthy = 10.8 hr, p < 0.001) and a later midpoint in the feeding window (Short = 14:41, Healthy = 14:18, p = 0.002). The gap between last eating occasion and sleep onset was larger in Short (4.2 hr) than Healthy Sleep (2.9 hr; p < 0.001), though the last eating occasion was much earlier than when they fell asleep during either condition. Shortened sleep resulted in adolescents eating later and lengthening the daily feeding window. These findings may help explain the link between shortened sleep and increased obesity risk in adolescents.
Cytogenetic characterization of solitary wasp Ancistrocerus flavomarginatus (Brèthes, 1906) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) with insights into the chromosomal evolution in the genus
Authors: Tavares Mara Garcia , Teixeira Gisele Amaro 
Published: January 2023

Cytogenetic studies have enabled the characterization of the chromosomal macrostructure and microstructure and have contributed to the understanding of the evolution of wasp karyotypes. However, studies on Eumeninae solitary wasps are scarce. In this study, we characterized the karyotype of Ancistrocerus flavomarginatus (Brèthes , 1906) and compared it with previous data from other Ancistrocerus (Wesmael, 1836) species to shed light on the chromosomal diversity of the genus. A chromosome number of 2 n = 24 in females and n = 12 in males was observed. Comparing the A. flavomarginatus karyotype with that of another Ancistrocerus species showed variations in the morphology of some chromosomal pairs. The presence of two larger chromosome pairs, almost entirely heterochromatic, and the predominance of subtelocentric chromosomes with heterochromatic short arms in A. flavomarginatus support the occurrence of fissions in Ancistrocerus. A single site of ribosomal genes was observed in A. flavomarginatus, in addition to a size polymorphism of these rDNA clusters between the homologues of some analyzed females. This polymorphism may originate from duplications/deletions due to unequal crossing-over or amplification via transposable elements. The (GA)15 microsatellite is located exclusively in euchromatic regions. Our data show that different rearrangements seem to shape chromosomal evolution in Ancistrocerus species.
Dust dynamics in planet-forming discs in binary systems
Authors: Zagaria F. , Rosotti G. P. , Alexander R. D. , Clarke C. J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn multiple stellar systems, interactions among the companion stars and their discs affect planet formation. In the circumstellar case, tidal truncation makes protoplanetary discs smaller, fainter and less long-lived than those evolving in isolation, thereby reducing the amount of material (gas and dust) available to assemble planetary embryos. On the contrary, in the circumbinary case the reduced accretion can increase the disc lifetime, with beneficial effects on planet formation. In this chapter we review the main observational results on discs in multiple stellar systems and discuss their possible explanations, focusing on recent numerical simulations, mainly dealing with dust dynamics and disc evolution. Finally, some open issues and future research directions are examined.
Large-Eddy Simulations of Marine Boundary Layer Clouds Associated with Cold-Air Outbreaks during the ACTIVATE Campaign. Part II: Aerosol–Meteorology–Cloud Interaction
Authors: Li Xiang-Yu , Wang Hailong , Chen Jingyi , Endo Satoshi , Kirschler Simon , Voigt Christiane , Crosbie Ewan , Ziemba Luke D. , Painemal David , Cairns Brian , Hair Johnathan W. , Corral Andrea F. , Robinson Claire , Dadashazar Hossein , Sorooshian Armin , Chen Gao , Ferrare Richard Anthony , Kleb Mary M. , Liu Hongyu , Moore Richard , Scarino Amy Jo , Shook Michael A. , Shingler Taylor J. , Thornhill Kenneth Lee , Tornow Florian , Xiao Heng , Zeng Xubin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aerosol effects on micro/macrophysical properties of marine stratocumulus clouds over the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) are investigated using in situ measurements and large-eddy simulations (LES) for two cold-air outbreak (CAO) cases (28 February and 1 March 2020) during the Aerosol Cloud Meteorology Interactions over the Western Atlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE). The LES is able to reproduce the vertical profiles of liquid water content (LWC), effective radius reff and cloud droplet number concentration Nc from fast cloud droplet probe (FCDP) in situ measurements for both cases. Furthermore, we show that aerosols affect cloud properties (Nc, reff, and LWC) via the prescribed bulk hygroscopicity of aerosols () and aerosol size distribution characteristics. Nc, reff, and liquid water path (LWP) are positively correlated to and aerosol number concentration (Na) while cloud fractional cover (CFC) is insensitive to and aerosol size distributions for the two cases. The realistic changes to aerosol size distribution (number concentration, width, and the geometrical diameter) with the same meteorology state allow us to investigate aerosol effects on cloud properties without meteorological feedback. We also use the LES results to evaluate cloud properties from two reanalysis products, ERA5 and MERRA-2. Compared to LES, the ERA5 is able to capture the time evolution of LWP and total cloud coverage within the study domain during both CAO cases while MERRA-2 underestimates them.
Changes of Extreme Precipitation in CMIP6 Projections: Should We Use Stationary or Nonstationary Models?
Authors: Abdelmoaty Hebatallah Mohamed , Papalexiou Simon Michael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With global warming, the behavior of extreme precipitation shifts toward nonstationarity. Here, we analyze the annual maxima of daily precipitation (AMP) all over the globe using projections of the latest phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). The projections were bias corrected using a semiparametric quantile mapping, a novel technique extended to extreme precipitation. This analysis 1) explores the variability of future AMP globally and 2) investigates the performance of stationary and nonstationary models in describing future AMP with trends. The results show that global warming potentially intensifies AMP. For the nonparametric analysis, the 33-yr precipitation levels are increasing up to 33.2 mm compared to the historical period. The parametric analysis shows that the return period of 100-yr historical events will decrease approximately to 50 and 70 years in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, respectively. Under the highest emission scenario, the projected 100-yr levels are expected to increase by 7.5%–21% over the historical levels. Using stationary models to estimate the 100-yr return level for AMP projections with trends leads to an underestimation of 3.4% on average. Extensive Monte Carlo experiments are implemented to explain this underestimation.
Predictors of engagement with peer support: analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of one-to-one peer support for discharge from inpatient psychiatric care
Authors: White Sarah , Bhattacharya Rahul , Bremner Stephen , Faulkner Alison , Foster Rhiannon , Gibson Sarah , Goldsmith Lucy , Harnett Daniella , Lucock Mike , Patel Akshaykumar , Priebe Stefan , Repper Julie , Rinaldi Miles , Salla Anthony , Simpson Alan , Ussher Michael , Gillard Steve 
Published: January 2023

Background: A range of evidence for the effectiveness of one-to-one peer support in mental health services is emerging. Levels of engagement with peer support vary with limited studies showing few individual participant characteristics predicting engagement. Implementation factors that might predict engagement have not been considered. Methods: Data were analysed from the intervention arm of the ENRICH trial of one-to-one peer support for discharge from acute psychiatric inpatient care. Two outcomes were considered: (1) a measure of ‘engaged with peer worker’; (2) number of face-to-face contacts with peer worker post-discharge. Two sets of independent variables were analysed against each outcome: (1) pre-randomisation participant characteristics; (2) implementation factors measured pre-discharge. Analyses used logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models according to outcome structure. Results: Data were analysed for 265 participants randomised to peer support who had a known peer worker. Non-heterosexual participants had increased odds of engaging with peer support compared to heterosexual participants, OR = 4.38 (95% CI: 1.13, 16.9, p = .032). Longer duration of first contact with peer worker ( OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.04, p < .001) and more relationship building activities in the first contact ( OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.85, p = .004) were associated with greater odds of engaging with peer support. Analysis of number of contacts post-discharge showed consistent findings. Conclusions: Implementation of peer support should include a focus on relationship building in the first session of peer support. The potential for peer support to break down barriers to accessing mental health services experienced by people from marginalised communities warrants further investigation.
Mental health, wellbeing and burnout among medical students in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Abdel Aziz Karim , Okasha Tarek , Bhugra Dinesh , Molodynski Andrew , AlKhyeli Fatima , AlNeyadi Noura , AlSheryani Mahra , Alyammahi Shouq , El-Gabry Dina Aly 
Published: January 2023

Background: Medical students tend to experience high levels of stress during their studies, that can result in mental health disorders and burnout, further affecting academic performance and later ability to practice. Aims: To investigate previous and current mental health issues, significant sources of stress, burnout, and substance use among medical students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Method: We conducted an online survey to collect data on demographics, sources of stress, mental health problems, burnout, and substance use in 385 medical students from the UAE University. We used the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12), and the CAGE questionnaire. Results: Our results indicated that 5.7% of participants had been diagnosed with a mental health condition prior to joining medical school, and that 21.6% of participants were diagnosed with a mental illness while in medical school. On the OLBI, 77.4% screened positive for burnout (81.3% for disengagement and 95.1% for exhaustion), with 74.5% screening positive for mental health difficulties on the GHQ-12 and <1% screening positive on the CAGE for problem drinking. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between scores on the OLBI and the GHQ-12. Conclusions: Our study indicated that high levels of stress, burnout and mental illness are experienced among medical students in the UAE.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock after valve replacement
Authors: Arafat Amr A , AlBarrak Mohammed , Kiddo Musab , Alotaibi Khaled , Ismail Huda H , Adam Adam I , Aboughanima Mohamed A. , Albabtain Monirah A. , Tantawy Tarek M , Pragliola Claudio 
Published: January 2023

Background Limited data evaluated the outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with prosthetic valves. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of ECMO support for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock in patients with mechanical versus bioprosthetic valves. Methods This retrospective study included patients with ECMO support for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock after valve replacement. Patients were grouped into bioprosthetic ( n = 49) and mechanical valve ( n = 22) groups. Results There were no differences in ECMO duration, inotropic support, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), stroke, duration of ICU, and hospital stay between groups. Postoperative thrombosis occurred in 2 patients with bioprosthetic valves (5.41%) and 2 with mechanical valves (14.29%), p = .30. All patients with thrombosis had central ECMO cannulation, concomitant IABP, and inotropic support during ECMO. All thrombi were related to the mitral valve. Three patients with thrombi had hospital mortality. Survival at 6, 12, and 36 months for bioprosthetic valve patients was 30.88%, 28.55%, and 25.34% and for mechanical valves was 36.36% for all time intervals (Log-rank p = .93). One patient had bioprosthetic aortic valve endocarditis after 1 year. Three patients with bioprosthetic valves had structural valve degeneration after 1, 2, and 5 years. Conclusions Outcomes of ECMO in patients with prosthetic valves are comparable between bioprosthetic and mechanical valves. Thrombosis might occur in both valve types and was associated with high mortality. ECMO could affect the long-term durability of the bioprosthetic valves.
Bridging cultures in palliative care: A qualitative study of the care of Indigenous Australians with advanced illness
Authors: Panozzo Stacey , Bryan Tamsin , Mason Toni , Garvey Gail , Lethborg Carrie , Boughey Mark , Philip Jennifer A 
Published: January 2023

Background: Lack of access, late engagement and limited referral for palliative care remain critical issues in supporting Indigenous Australians with life limiting illness. Aim: To explore the experiences and perspectives of Indigenous and non-Indigenous health professionals regarding the provision of palliative care for Indigenous people with advanced disease. Design: Qualitative study involving semi-structured focus groups/interviews with analysis following an inductive thematic approach. Setting/participants: A purposive sample ( n = 54) of medical, nursing, allied health and Indigenous Hospital Liaison Officers engaged in caring for Indigenous patients at a metropolitan teaching hospital in Australia. Results: Four overarching themes were identified regarding provision of palliative care for Indigenous patients. These were (1) the intersection of cultures – Indigenous peoples, health and palliative care, (2) bridging the cultural divide: the integral role of Indigenous Hospital Liaison Officers, (3) health professionals devolve their responsibility to provide culturally appropriate care and (4) building towards a more holistic, culturally aware provision of palliative care. Conclusions: For many Indigenous people, the health system may be experienced as inflexible, narrowly focused and even prejudiced and traumatising. For Indigenous patients at the end of life, these challenges are heightened. The Indigenous Hospital Liaison Officers, working at the intersections of these two cultures, are key to negotiating such challenges as they seek opportunities to facilitate communication and understanding between firmly held cultural needs.
Laser powder bed fusion of glass-filled polyamide-composite with enhanced physical properties
Authors: Negi Sushant , Mishra Vishal , Ror Ch. Kapil , Sharma Rajesh Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Glass-filled polyamide (GF/PA) is an important engineering material for automotive industry because of its excellent physical, thermal and mechanical properties. But it is challenging to produce high quality functional parts through additive manufacturing technology like selective laser sintering (SLS). It is due to fact that SLS made parts exhibit high dependence on the sintering conditions. Thus, it becomes essential to adjust these sintering conditions accurately to improve physical properties like density and hardness to enhance the widespread use of this technology. Therefore, this study presents a statistical analysis of the SLS process parameters led by a design of experiment to extract information about their influence on hardness and density of the PA 3200 GF composite. GF/PA with a refresh rate of 60:40 was used for the part fabrication and the effect of five key sintering parameters has been considered for analysis. Experiments revealed that poor material integrity and weak interaction between the particles at lower energy density were the main reason for the lower hardness and density of fabricated parts.
The Effect of Difference in Word Order on Semantic Processing in Hindi-English Bilinguals
Authors: Anand Geet Govind , Barhwal Kalpana K , Goyal Manish , Rao Bodepudi Narasimha 
Published: January 2023

Background The typology of word order in Hindi (Subject-Object-Verb, SOV) differs from that of English (Subject-Verb-Object, SVO). Bilinguals whose two languages have conflicting word order provide a unique opportunity to understand how word order affects language processing. Earlier behavioural and event-related brain potential (ERP) studies with Spanish-Basque bilinguals showed longer reading times and more errors in the comprehension of OSV sentences than SOV sentences in Basque language, indicating that non-canonical word orders (OSV) were difficult to process than canonical word order (SOV). Purpose This study was designed to explore how the difference in word order in Hindi and English languages affects N400 parameters in proficient Hindi−English bilinguals, using semantic congruity paradigm. Methods Twenty-five proficient Hindi−English bilingual subjects were asked to silently read the congruent and incongruent sentences presented in one word at a time in both the languages. ERPs were recorded from midline frontal, central and parietal sites. Results The mean amplitude of the N400 effect at the parietal sites in Hindi−English proficient bilinguals was larger for English than for Hindi but there was no significant difference in the N400 latencies. Conclusion Hindi−English bilingual subjects processed SOV and SVO sentences with equal ease as evidenced by the N400 latencies. Higher amplitude of the N400 effect with English sentences indicate that placing ‘Object’ as the final word makes sentences more predictable than verb as the final word. Understanding the word order difference might help to unravel the neurophysiological mechanisms of language comprehension and may offer some insights in terms of functional advantage of a particular word order in bilinguals.