bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National situation, trends, and predictions of disease burden of atopic dermatitis in Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Guo Yang , Zhang Kao-Yuan , Zou Yan-Fen , Yu Bo 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is an important global health problem affecting children and adolescents and detailed national information of disease burden in China is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the national disease burden of AD in Chinese children and adolescent, to provide the temporal trends over the past 30 years and to predict the burden for the next 10 years.MethodsThe data of AD in China, including incidence, prevalence, and DALY, and population data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD study 2019), which were estimated using the DisMod-MR 2.1. We analyzed the three measures by age and sex; the age groups were &lt;5 years, 5–9 years, 10–14 years, and 15–19 years. The joinpoint regression analyses was conducted to assess the temporal trends from 1990 to 2019. The Bayesian age-period cohort (BAPC) model was used to predict measures from 2020 to 2030.ResultsIn 2019, the highest incidence case and rate were observed in &lt;5 years group; for prevalence and disability adjusted life year (DALY), the groups of &lt;5 years and 5–9 years showed similar higher levels and the groups of 10–14 years and 15–19 years had similar relatively lower levels. Overall, the male-to-female ratios were &gt;1 in &lt;5 years group and &lt;1 in 10–14 and 15–19 age groups. The trend analyses found an overall trend of decrease in cases of the three measures; in recent about 3 years, slight increase trends were shown in cases and rates of the three measures in &lt;5 years group. The prediction analyses found a slight decreasing trend for cases of these measures and a slight increasing trend for rates of these measures in the &lt;5 years group in the next 10 years; the 5–9 years group was predicted to increase slightly in rates of the three measures.ConclusionIn conclusion, the groups of &lt;5 years and 5–9 years are two important populations that need targeted measures to reduce disease burden of AD in China. Regarding sex disparity, we should pay more attention to males in &lt;5 years group and to females in 10–19 years group.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia natural history and evolution in the airways of adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Izydorczyk Conrad , Waddell Barbara J. , Thornton Christina S. , Conly John M. , Rabin Harvey R. , Somayaji Ranjani , Surette Michael G. , Church Deirdre L. , Parkins Michael D. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionStenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen infecting persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) and portends a worse prognosis. Studies of S. maltophilia infection dynamics have been limited by cohort size and follow-up. We investigated the natural history, transmission potential, and evolution of S. maltophilia in a large Canadian cohort of 321 pwCF over a 37-year period.MethodsOne-hundred sixty-two isolates from 74 pwCF (23%) were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and shared pulsotypes underwent whole-genome sequencing.ResultsS. maltophilia was recovered at least once in 82 pwCF (25.5%). Sixty-four pwCF were infected by unique pulsotypes, but shared pulsotypes were observed between 10 pwCF. In chronic carriage, longer time periods between positive sputum cultures increased the likelihood that subsequent isolates were unrelated. Isolates from individual pwCF were largely clonal, with differences in gene content being the primary source of genetic diversity objectified by gene content differences. Disproportionate progression of CF lung disease was not observed amongst those infected with multiple strains over time (versus a single) or amongst those with shared clones (versus strains only infecting one patient). We did not observe evidence of patient-to-patient transmission despite relatedness between isolates. Twenty-four genes with ≥ 2 mutations accumulated over time were identified across 42 sequenced isolates from all 11 pwCF with ≥ 2 sequenced isolates, suggesting a potential role for these genes in adaptation of S. maltophilia to the CF lung.DiscussionGenomic analyses suggested common, indirect sources as the origins of S. maltophilia infections in the clinic population. The information derived from a genomics-based understanding of the natural history of S. maltophilia infection within CF provides unique insight into its potential for in-host evolution.
Diagnostic utility of movement disorder society criteria for multiple system atrophy
Authors: Zhang Lingyu , Hou Yanbing , Wei Qianqian , Ou Ruwei , Liu Kuncheng , Lin Junyu , Yang Tianmi , Xiao Yi , Zhao Bi , Shang Huifang 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe 2008 criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA) has been widely used for more than 10 years, but the sensitivity is low, particularly for patients in the early stage. Recently, a new MSA diagnostic criteria was developed.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to assess and compare the diagnostic utility of the new movement disorder society (MDS) MSA criteria with the 2008 MSA criteria.MethodsThis study included patients diagnosed with MSA between January 2016 and October 2021. All patients underwent regular face-to-face or telephonic follow-ups every year until October 2022. A total of 587 patients (309 males and 278 females) were retrospectively reviewed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the MDS MSA criteria to that of the 2008 MSA criteria (determined by the proportion of patients categorized as established or probable MSA). Autopsy is the gold standard diagnosis of MSA, which is not available in clinical practice. Thus, we applied the 2008 MSA criteria at the last review as the reference standard.ResultsThe sensitivity of the MDS MSA criteria (93.2%, 95% CI = 90.5–95.2%) was significantly higher than that of the 2008 MSA criteria (83.5%, 95% CI = 79.8–86.6%) (P &lt; 0.001). Additionally, the sensitivity of the MDS MSA criteria was maintained robustly across different subgroups, defined by diagnostic subtype, disease duration, and the type of symptom[s] at onset. Importantly, the specificities were not significantly different between the MDS MSA criteria and the 2008 MSA criteria (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that the MDS MSA criteria exhibited good diagnostic utility for MSA. The new MDS MSA criteria should be considered as a useful diagnostic tool for clinical practice and future therapeutic trials.
Insomnia and circadian rhythm: a bibliometrics study and visualization analysis via CiteSpace
Authors: He Qing-Yun , Dai Ning , Mao Meng , Ma Jie , Wen Qiao , Song Dan-Dan , Liu Yan , Li Feng 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to use CiteSpace to analyze the status of insomnia and circadian rhythm, identify the hot spots and trends, and provide a basis for future study.MethodThe Web of Science database was searched for studies related to insomnia and circadian from its inception to 14 April 2023. CiteSpace was used to generate online maps of collaboration between countries and authors and revealed hot spots and frontiers in insomnia and circadian rhythm.ResultsWe searched 4,696 publications related to insomnia and circadian rhythm. Bruno Etain was the most prolific author with most publications, i.e., with 24 articles. The USA and the University of California were the leading country and the top institution in this field of study, with 1,672 and 269 articles, respectively. There was active cooperation between institutions, countries, and authors. Hot topics focused on circadian rhythm sleep disorders, circadian clock, light therapy, melatonin, and bipolar disorder.ConclusionBased on the CiteSpace results, we recommend a more active collaboration between various countries, institutions, and authors to conduct clinical and basic research related to insomnia and circadian rhythm. Ongoing research focuses on the interaction of insomnia with circadian rhythms and the corresponding pathways of clock genes and by extension, the role of circadian rhythms in disorders such as bipolar disorder. Modulation of circadian rhythms may be a hot spot for future insomnia therapies (such as light therapy and melatonin).
Walking performance of persons with chronic stroke changed when looking down but not in dimly lit environment
Authors: Lee Pei-Yun , Hseuh Yu-Chu , Chen Chih-Hung , Lin Sang-I 
Published: June 2023

Background and purposeIt is common to walk under different conditions, such as looking straight head, looking down at the feet or in dimly lit environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of these different conditions on walking performance in persons with and without stroke.MethodsThis was a case-control study. Persons with chronic unilateral stroke and age-matched control (n = 29 each) underwent visual acuity test, Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and joint position sense test of the knee and ankle. The participants walked at their preferred speed under three walking conditions, looking ahead (AHD), looking down (DWN), and in dimly lit environment (DIM). A motion analysis system was used for the recording of the limb matching test and walking tasks.ResultsStroke participants differed from the control group in MMSE, but not in age, visual acuity or joint position sense. For the control group, the differences between the three walking conditions were nonsignificant. For the stroke group, DWN had significantly slower walking speed, greater step width and shorter single leg support phase, but not different symmetry index or COM location, compared to AHD. The differences between AHD and DIM were nonsignificant.ConclusionHealthy adults did not change their gait patterns under the different walking conditions. Persons with chronic stroke walked more cautiously but not more symmetrically when looking down at the feet, but not in dimly lit environment. Ambulatory persons with stroke may need to be advised that looking down at the feet while walking could be more challenging.
The advantages of the magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGiC) method for the prognosis of neonatal hypoglycemic encephalopathy
Authors: Tian Zhongfu , Zhu Qing , Wang Ruizhu , Xi Yanli , Tang Wenwei , Yang Ming 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo explore the prognostic value of magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGiC) in the quantitative assessment of neonatal hypoglycemic encephalopathy (HE).MethodsA total of 75 neonatal HE patients who underwent synthetic MRI were included in this retrospective study. Perinatal clinical data were collected. T1, T2 and proton density (PD) values were measured in the white matter of the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe, centrum semiovale, periventricular white matter, thalamus, lenticular nucleus, caudate nucleus, corpus callosum and cerebellum, which were generated by MAGiC. The patients were divided into two groups (group A: normal and mild developmental disability; group B: severe developmental disability) according to the score of Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley III) at 9–12 months of age. Student’s t test, Wilcoxon test, and Fisher’s test were performed to compare data across the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of poor prognosis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy.ResultsT1 and T2 values of the parietal lobe, occipital lobe, center semiovale, periventricular white matter, thalamus, and corpus callosum were higher in group B than in group A (p &lt; 0.05). PD values of the occipital lobe, center semiovale, thalamus, and corpus callosum were higher in group B than in group A (p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of hypoglycemia, neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) scores, T1 and T2 values of the occipital lobe, and T1 values of the corpus callosum and thalamus were independent predictors of severe HE (OR &gt; 1, p &lt; 0.05). The T2 values of the occipital lobe showed the best diagnostic performance, with an AUC value of 0.844, sensitivity of 83.02%, and specificity of 88.16%. Furthermore, the combination of MAGiC quantitative values and perinatal clinical features can improve the AUC (AUC = 0.923) compared with the use of MAGiC or perinatal clinical features alone.ConclusionThe quantitative values of MAGiC can predict the prognosis of HE early, and the prediction efficiency is further optimized after being combined with clinical features.
Human blood plasma biomarkers of diet and weight loss among centrally obese subjects in a New Nordic Diet intervention
Authors: Trimigno Alessia , Khakimov Bekzod , Rasmussen Morten Arendt , Dragsted Lars Ove , Larsen Thomas Meinert , Astrup Arne , Engelsen Søren Balling 
Published: June 2023

ScopeThe New Nordic Diet (NND) has been shown to promote weight loss and lower blood pressure amongst obese people. This study investigates blood plasma metabolite and lipoprotein biomarkers differentiating subjects who followed Average Danish Diet (ADD) or NND. The study also evaluates how the individual response to the diet is reflected in the metabolic differences between NND subjects who lost or maintained their pre-intervention weight.MethodsCentrally obese Danes (BMI &gt;25) followed NND (90 subjects) or ADD (56 subjects) for 6 months. Fasting blood plasma samples, collected at three time-points during the intervention, were screened for metabolites and lipoproteins (LPs) using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In total, 154 metabolites and 65 lipoproteins were analysed.ResultsThe NND showed a relatively small but significant effect on the plasma metabolome and lipoprotein profiles, with explained variations ranging from 0.6% for lipoproteins to 4.8% for metabolites. A total of 38 metabolites and 11 lipoproteins were found to be affected by the NND. The primary biomarkers differentiating the two diets were found to be HDL-1 cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, phospholipids, and ketone bodies (3-hydroxybutyric acid, acetone, and acetoacetic acid). The increased levels of ketone bodies detected in the NND group inversely associated with the decrease in diastolic blood pressure of the NND subjects. The study also showed that body weight loss among the NND subjects was weakly associated with plasma levels of citrate.ConclusionThe main plasma metabolites associated with NND were acetate, methanol and 3-hydroxybutyrate. The metabolic changes associated with the NND-driven weight loss are mostly pronounced in energy and lipid metabolism.
Checkpoint inhibitors as dual immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Alifu Muyesar , Tao Min , Chen Xiao , Chen Jie , Tang Kejing , Tang Yubo 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionRecent clinical trials have confirmed that anti-programmed cell death-1/ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/L1) combined with either anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (anti-CTLA-4) or anti-T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) antibodies (dual immunotherapy) produced significant benefits as first-line therapies for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it also increased the incidence of adverse reactions, which cannot be ignored. Our study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of dual immunotherapies in advanced NSCLC.MethodsThis meta-analysis ultimately included nine first-line randomized controlled trials collected from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases until 13 August 2022. Efficacy was measured as the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and risk ratio (RR) for the objective response rates (ORRs). Treatment safety was assessed by RR of any grade of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and grade ≥ 3 TRAEs.ResultsOur results demonstrated that, compared to chemotherapy, dual immunotherapy shows durable benefits in OS (HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.69–0.82) and PFS (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.67–0.83) across all levels of PD-L1 expression. Subgroup analysis also presented that dual immunotherapy resulted in improved long-term survival compared with chemotherapy in patients with a high tumor mutational burden (TMB) (OS: HR = 0.76, p = 0.0009; PFS: HR = 0.72, p &lt; 0.0001) and squamous cell histology (OS: HR = 0.64, p &lt; 0.00001; PFS: HR = 0.66, p &lt; 0.001). However, compared with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy, dual immunotherapy shows some advantages in terms of OS and ORR and only improved PFS (HR = 0.77, p = 0.005) in PD-L1 &lt; 25%. With regard to safety, there was no significant difference in any grade TRAEs (p = 0.05) and grade ≥ 3 TRAEs (p = 0.31) between the dual immunotherapy and chemotherapy groups. However, compared with ICI monotherapy, dual immunotherapy significantly increased the incidence of any grade TRAEs (p = 0.03) and grade ≥ 3 TRAEs (p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionsAs for the efficacy and safety outcome, compared with standard chemotherapy, dual immunotherapy remains an effective first-line therapy for patients with advanced NSCLC, especially for patients with high TMB levels and squamous cell histology. Furthermore, compared to single-agent immunotherapy, dual immunotherapy is only considered for use in patients with low PD-L1 expression in order to reduce the emergence of resistance to immunotherapy.Systematic Review Registationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022336614.
A preliminary investigation of the relationship between 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and prognosis in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Hu Lanping , Luo Nana , Li Lei , Qiu Dasheng , Hu Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe goal of the study was to determine the prognostic significance of metabolic parameters in baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT images obtained from patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL).MethodsForty patients with pathologically diagnosed AITL who had baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT between May 2014 and May 2021 were assessed as part of this study. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) were obtained and analyzed. In addition, many relevant features were evaluated, including sex, age, staging, International Prognostic Index (IPI), prediction index for T-cell lymphoma (PIT), Ki-67, and so on. Estimates of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined using the log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier.ResultsThe median follow-up was 30.2 months (interquartile range 9.82-43.03). Throughout the follow-up period, 29 (72.5%) deaths occurred and 22 (55.0%) patients made progress. The rates for 2- and 3-year PFS were 43.6% and 26.4%, respectively. The 3- and 5-year OS were 42.6% and 21.5%. For TMTV, TLG, and SUVmax, the cut-off values were 87.0 cm3, 711.1, and 15.8, respectively. Poorer PFS and OS were substantially correlated with high SUVmax and TLG. An increased TMTV suggested a shorter OS. TLG performed independently as OS predictors in multivariate analysis. The risk score for predicting the prognosis of AITL includes the TMTV, TLG, SUVmax, and IPI scores, with 4.5 for TMTV, 2 for TLG, 1.5 for IPI scores, and 1 for SUVmax. Three risk categories of patients with AITL had 3-year OS rates of 100.0%, 43.3%, and 25.0%, respectively.ConclusionBaseline TLG was a strong predictor of OS. Here a new prognostic scoring system for AITL based on the clinical indicators and PET/CT metabolic parameters was constructed, which might make stratification of prognosis easy and also help to individualize treatment.
The diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion in children with non-scrotal initial symptoms
Authors: Mao Chang-Kun , Cao Yong-Sheng , Liu Xiang , Peng Bo , Chu Han , Deng Qi-Fei , Yu Xin , Tao Cheng-Pin , Zhang Tao , Yang Chao , Peng Shan 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics of testicular torsion in children with non-scrotal initial symptoms who were misdiagnosed.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 73 cases children with testicular torsion and non-scrotal symptoms who were admitted to our department from October 2013 to December 2021 was performed. Patients were divided into misdiagnosis (27 cases) and clear diagnosis at first visit (46 cases) groups. Clinical data, including age at surgery, clinical presentation, physical examination, number of visits (≥2 times), affected side, time from initial symptoms to surgery, and surgical outcomes, were collected. The TWIST (Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion) score was calculated and analyzed.ResultsStatistically significant differences between the misdiagnosis and clear diagnosis groups were seen in the time from initial symptoms to surgery, the number of visits, the degree of testicular torsion, and the rate of orchiectomy (P &lt; 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences (P &gt; 0.05) in age, affected side, TWIST score, guardian, direction of testicular torsion, intra-vaginal or extra-vaginal torsion, and Arda classification. Postoperative follow-up was 6–40 months. Of the 36 patients who required an orchiopexy, 1 had testicular atrophy at six months and 2 were lost to follow-up. The contralateral testis of the 37 children who underwent orchiectomies developed normally without torsion.ConclusionsThe clinical manifestations of testicular torsion in children are diverse and can easily lead to misdiagnosis. Guardians should be aware of this pathology and seek timely medical attention. When the initial diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion is difficult, the TWIST score during the physical examination may be useful, especially for patients with intermediate-to-high risk scores. Color Doppler ultrasound can assist in making the diagnosis, but when testicular torsion is highly suspected, routine ultrasound is not necessary as it may lead to delayed surgical treatment.