bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CaMKIIα neurons in the anterior insular cortex regulate attention behavior in mice
Authors: Ma Yingping , Jiang Shaofei , Zhao Xin , Li Shen , Chen Liping , Zhao Zhe , Shen Wei , Wu Yan , Wu Haitao 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe insular cortex is involved in multiple physiological processes including working memory, pain, emotion, and interoceptive functions. Previous studies have indicated that the anterior insular cortex (aIC) also mediates interoceptive attention in humans. However, the exact cellular and physiological function of the aIC in the regulation of this process is still elusive.MethodsIn this study, using the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) testing paradigm, we assessed the role of the aIC in visuospatial attention and impulsiveness in mice.ResultsThe results showed a dramatic activation of c-Fos in the aIC CaMKIIα neurons after the 5-CSRTT procedure. In vivo fiber photometry revealed enhanced calcium signaling in aIC CaMKIIα neurons when the mice responded correctly. In addition, chemogenetic suppression of aIC CaMKIIα neurons led to increased incorrect responses within the appropriate time. Importantly, pharmacological activation of aIC CaMKIIα neurons enhanced their performance in the 5-CSRTT test.DiscussionThese results provide compelling evidence that aIC CaMKIIα neurons are essential for the modulation of attentional processing in mice.
Intracranial hemorrhage detection in 3D computed tomography images using a bi-directional long short-term memory network-based modified genetic algorithm
Authors: Sengupta Jewel , Alzbutas Robertas , Falkowski-Gilski Przemysław , Falkowska-Gilska Bożena 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionIntracranial hemorrhage detection in 3D Computed Tomography (CT) brain images has gained more attention in the research community. The major issue to deal with the 3D CT brain images is scarce and hard to obtain the labelled data with better recognition results.MethodsTo overcome the aforementioned problem, a new model has been implemented in this research manuscript. After acquiring the images from the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) 2019 database, the region of interest (RoI) was segmented by employing Otsu’s thresholding method. Then, feature extraction was performed utilizing Tamura features: directionality, contrast, coarseness, and Gradient Local Ternary Pattern (GLTP) descriptors to extract vectors from the segmented RoI regions. The extracted vectors were dimensionally reduced by proposing a modified genetic algorithm, where the infinite feature selection technique was incorporated with the conventional genetic algorithm to further reduce the redundancy within the regularized vectors. The selected optimal vectors were finally fed to the Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network to classify intracranial hemorrhage sub-types, such as subdural, intraparenchymal, subarachnoid, epidural, and intraventricular.ResultsThe experimental investigation demonstrated that the Bi-LSTM based modified genetic algorithm obtained 99.40% sensitivity, 99.80% accuracy, and 99.48% specificity, which are higher compared to the existing machine learning models: Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network.
Opportunities and barriers for maternal nutrition behavior change: an in-depth qualitative analysis of pregnant women and their families in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jhaveri Neha R. , Poveda Natalia E. , Kachwaha Shivani , Comeau Dawn L. , Nguyen Phuong H. , Young Melissa F. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundMaternal undernutrition during pregnancy remains a critical public health issue in India. While evidence-based interventions exist, poor program implementation and limited uptake of behavior change interventions make addressing undernutrition complex. To address this challenge, Alive &amp; Thrive implemented interventions to strengthen interpersonal counseling, micronutrient supplement provision, and community mobilization through the government antenatal care (ANC) platform in Uttar Pradesh, India.ObjectiveThis qualitative study aimed to: (1) examine pregnant women’s experiences of key nutrition-related behaviors (ANC attendance, consuming a diverse diet, supplement intake, weight gain monitoring, and breastfeeding intentions); (2) examine the influence of family members on these behaviors; and (3) identify key facilitators and barriers that affect behavioral adoption.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study with in-depth interviews with 24 pregnant women, 13 husbands, and 15 mothers-in-law (MIL). We analyzed data through a thematic approach using the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) framework.ResultsFor ANC checkups and maternal weight gain monitoring, key facilitators were frontline worker home visits, convenient transportation, and family support, while the primary barrier was low motivation and lack understanding of the importance of ANC checkups. For dietary diversity, there was high reported capability (knowledge related to the key behavior) and most family members were aware of key recommendations; however, structural opportunity barriers (financial strain, lack of food availability and accessibility) prevented behavioral change. Opportunity ranked high for iron and folic acid supplement (IFA) intake, but was not consistently consumed due to side effects. Conversely, lack of supply was the largest barrier for calcium supplement intake. For breastfeeding, there was low overall capability and several participants described receiving inaccurate counseling messages.ConclusionKey drivers of maternal nutrition behavior adoption were indicator specific and varied across the capability-opportunity-motivation behavior change spectrum. Findings from this study can help to strengthen future program effectiveness by identifying specific areas of program improvement.
Camrelizumab as a novel third or post-third-line treatment strategy in small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study of 12 patients
Authors: Tian Jizheng , Sui Lili , Wang Hong , Chen Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) constitutes 15% of all lung cancer cases, with a comparatively low survival rate. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has provided new alternatives for treating SCLC. However, the effectiveness of camrelizumab in the treatment of SCLC remains unclear. This retrospective case series was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab in SCLC patients.MethodsThe study enrolled SCLC patients recorded as having received more than one cycle of camrelizumab in the electronic medical record system. Data related to clinical and survival times were collected and statistically analyzed.ResultsFrom August 2019 to December 2021, the study enrolled 12 SCLC patients. The objective response rate was 41.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.2%–72.3%). The disease control rate was 83.3% (95% CI: 51.6%–97.9%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients was 4.0 months. Notably, the median PFS of patients in third- or post-third-line subgroups was 7 months (95% CI: 1.12–12.88 months). The median overall survival (OS) for all eligible patients was 10.0 months (95% CI: 7.35–12.65 months), with a 1-year survival rate of 25%. Notably, the OS of patients treated with third- or post-third-line therapy was 5–34 months, with a 1-year survival rate of 75%. The two most prevalent non-hematological adverse events associated with the immune response were pneumonitis (44.4%) and reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (44.4%). One patient experienced an exacerbation of preexisting diabetes and reached grade 3 hyperglycemia. There were no grade 4/5 immune-related adverse events.ConclusionThis case series highlights the potential benefits and safety concerns of camrelizumab in SCLC patients. These findings suggest a possible strategy for third- and post-third-line treatments of SCLC. However, the conclusion is limited due to the study’s retrospective nature and small sample size. Therefore, large-scale randomized controlled studies are needed to determine its efficacy.
Spirometric and anthropometric improvements in response to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor depending on age and lung disease severity
Authors: Schütz Katharina , Pallenberg Sophia Theres , Kontsendorn Julia , DeLuca David , Sukdolak Cinja , Minso Rebecca , Büttner Tina , Wetzke Martin , Dopfer Christian , Sauer-Heilborn Annette , Ringshausen Felix C. , Junge Sibylle , Tümmler Burkhard , Hansen Gesine , Dittrich Anna-Maria 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Triple-combination cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) was introduced in August 2020 in Germany for people with CF (pwCF) ≥12 years (yrs.) of age and in June 2021 for pwCF ≥6 yrs of age. In this single-center study, we analyzed longitudinal data on the percent-predicted forced expiratory volume (ppFEV1) and body-mass-index (BMI) for 12 months (mo.) after initiation of ETI by linear mixed models and regression analyses to identify age- and severity-dependent determinants of response to ETI.Methods: We obtained data on 42 children ≥6–11 yrs, 41 adolescents ≥12–17 yrs, and 143 adults by spirometry and anthropometry prior to ETI, and 3 and 12 mo. after ETI initiation. Data were stratified by the age group and further sub-divided into age-specific ppFEV1 impairment. To achieve this, the age strata were divided into three groups, each according to their baseline ppFEV1: lowest 25%, middle 50%, and top 25% of ppFEV1.Results: Adolescents and children with more severe lung disease prior to ETI (within the lowest 25% of age-specific ppFEV1) showed higher improvements in lung function than adults in this severity group (+18.5 vs. +7.5; p = 0.002 after 3 mo. and +13.8 vs. +7.2; p = 0.012 after 12 mo. of ETI therapy for ≥12–17 years and +19.8 vs. +7.5; p = 0.007 after 3 mo. for children ≥6–11 yrs). In all age groups, participants with more severe lung disease showed higher BMI gains than those with medium or good lung function (within the middle 50% or top 25% of age-specific ppFEV1). Regression analyses identified age as a predictive factor for FEV1 increase at 3 mo. after ETI initiation, and age and ppFEV1 at ETI initiation as predictive factors for FEV1 increase 12 mo. after ETI initiation.Discussion: We report initial data, which suggest that clinical response toward ETI depends on age and lung disease severity prior to ETI initiation, which argue for early initiation of ETI.
Berberine enhances the function of db/db mice islet β cell through GLP-1/GLP-1R/PKA signaling pathway in intestinal L cell and islet α cell
Authors: Wu Wenbin , Xia Qingsong , Guo Yujin , Wang Hongzhan , Dong Hui , Lu Fuer , Yuan Fen 
Published: July 2023

Background: The evidence on berberine stimulating the secretion of GLP-1 in intestinal L cell has been studied. However, few research has explored its role on generating GLP-1 of islet α cell. Our experiment aims to clarify the mechanism of berberine promoting the secretion of GLP-1 in intestinal L cell and islet α cell, activating GLP-1R and its downstream molecules through endocrine and paracrine ways, thus improving the function of islet β cell and treating T2DM.Methods: After confirming that berberine can lower blood glucose and improve insulin resistance in db/db mice, the identity maintenance, proliferation and apoptosis of islet cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Then, the activation of berberine on GLP-1/GLP-1R/PKA signaling pathway was evaluated by Elisa, Western blot and PCR. Finally, this mechanism was verified by in vitro experiments on Min6 cells, STC-1 cells and aTC1/6 cells.Results: Berberine ameliorates glucose metabolism in db/db mice. Additionally, it also increases the number and enhances the function of islet β cell. This process is closely related to improve the secretion of intestinal L cell and islet α cell, activate GLP-1R/PKA signaling pathway through autocrine and paracrine, and increase the expression of its related molecule such as GLP-1, GLP-1R, PC1/3, PC2, PKA, Pdx1. In vitro, the phenomenon that berberine enhanced the GLP-1/GLP-1R/PKA signal pathway had also been observed, which confirmed the results of animal experiments.Conclusion: Berberine can maintain the identity and normal function of islet β cell, and its mechanism is related to the activation of GLP-1/GLP-1R/PKA signal pathway in intestinal L cell and islet α cell.
A comparative study of Chinese women 3 × 3 basketball players exercise load in Tokyo Olympic preparation cycle
Authors: Wang Zhe , Cao Guohuan , Xu Jiamin , Qiu Jun , Yang Ruoyu 
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the variances in-game loads exhibited by Chinese women’s 3 × 3 basketball team across different stages of the preparation cycle for the Tokyo Olympic Games, and to summarize the fundamental regulations governing Chinese women’s 3 × 3 basketball training and games, in order to establish a theoretical research foundation for the team’s new preparation cycle.Methods: This study measured load-related data during the preparation and main competition periods of the 2019–2021 Tokyo Olympics, from April to August 2019 and from April to June 2021. The aim was to compare the changes and differences in a load of competition during different stages and to explore patterns of load changes during the preparation period. This study used wearable devices authorized by FIFA and NBA, along with the Catapult GPS performance monitoring system from Australia (Catapult&amp;Polar Team) as instruments for collecting sports load data. The OptimEye S5 device was worn around the athlete’s neck to collect data prior to the game, while the Open Field™ system was utilized for data editing and report generation post-game.Results: Compared to the primary competition load during the 2019 preparation period, the 2021 preparation period exhibited significant increases and decreases (p &lt; 0.05) in competition load, high-intensity load, the number of explosive moves, the number of high-intensity acceleration, several changes to the left and right, and the number of explosive jumps. During the 2021 preparation period, the mean heart rate, mean heart rate percentage, and mean speed of the race demonstrated significant decreases in comparison to the race during the 2019 preparation period (p &lt; 0.05). Throughout the training period spanning from 2019 to 2021, no significant differences were observed in running distance and maximum speed (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that the national training team has fostered positive adaptive changes in athletes, resulting in a significant enhancement in both load and sports performance science data during competition from 2019 to 2021.
Detection of exon 5 c.577del variant of human erythropoietin gene in whole blood, dried blood spots and urine samples for doping control
Authors: Donati Francesco , Concetti Livia , de la Torre Xavier , Zhou Xinmiao , Zhang Lisi , Botrè Francesco 
Published: July 2023

Background: In doping control, the presence of the exon5 c.577del variant in the human erythropoietin gene may be a confounding factor in the interpretation of the results from the analytical method currently in force for the detection of human recombinant erythropoietin, based on immunoelectrophoresis on SDS-PAGE and/or SAR-PAGE. This variant, determining the transcription of a higher molecular weight protein, can erroneously suggest the presence of recombinant erythropoietin in a biological sample, causing the possibility of a false positive result. Although the variant was now identified only in East Asian populations and with a very low frequency, it can threaten the reliability of current anti-doping tests.Methods: We have implemented a genetic test to identify the presence of this variant in the biological samples that are presently collected for anti-doping analysis (whole blood, urine, and dried blood spots). The test is based on the Sanger sequencing of the human erythropoietin gene exon 5, where the c.577del variant falls.Results and Discussion: The method has a specificity of 100% and allows identification of the possible presence of the variant starting from 100 pg of genomic DNA extracted from each biological sample. The efficacy of the test has been confirmed by the analysis of real samples from subjects showing and not showing the exon c.577del variant.
Pathologic complete response to TNT + camrelizumab for rectal cancer with surgical anus-preservation: case report and literature review
Authors: Pi Feng , Tang Gang , Xie Chaozheng , Cao Yukun , Yang Shilai , Wei Zhengqiang 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThis case report demonstrates the efficacy of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) based on pathological complete response (PCR). We also discuss the surgical approach to preserving the anus and its perioperative management.Case presentaionThe patient was a 26-year-old woman, with blood in the stool and stool thinning for over two months. Preoperative examination revealed locally advanced rectal cancer invading the left anal raphe and enlarged lymph nodes adjacent to the left internal iliac vessels. The lesion was preoperatively classified as T4bN1bM0 IIIC. Considering the size and depth of the tumor, it was difficult to have sufficient margins for radical resection, and the tumor was too close to the anal orifice. Considering the patient's youth and strong desire to preserve the anus, it was decided to use TNT combined with a camrelizumab regimen. After the entire course of neoadjuvant radiotherapy, the tumor size significantly reduced in fibrotic manifestations, and no enlargement of the lymph nodes adjacent to the left internal iliac vessels was observed. She underwent robotic laparoscopic ultra-low anterior rectal resection, left lateral lymph node dissection, and temporary ileostomy, and no significant residue was observed after all bowel tubes were taken for examination, nor was there cancerous involvement at the distal or radial cut edges, or metastasis. The patient was discharged nine days postoperatively, and no major complications were detected. Follow-up was performed without adjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionsTNT may be a better surgical option for preserving the anus and for complete radical resection in patients with LARC for whom Miles’ resection is indicated.
Penyuluhan Tanaman Kunyit dan Pacar Air Sebagai Alat Deteksi Zat Polutan (Boraks) di Desa Bongkasa-Bali
Authors: Esati Ni Ketut 
Published: July 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bertema penyuluhan tanaman kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) dan pacar air (Impatiens balsamina L.) sebagai alat deteksi zat polutan (boraks) di Desa Bongkasa-Bali, menyasar pemuda-pemudi yang tergabung dalam kelompok Seka Teruna Teruni (STT) Banjar Tanggayuda. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada Desa Bongkasa, melihat kelimpahan tanaman tersebut sangat banyak ditanam oleh penduduk desa. Kandungan senyawa kimia dalam rimpang kunyit dan bunga pacar air dapat bereaksi dengan boraks, membentuk suatu kompleks berwarna, sehingga sifatnya ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan boraks dalam makanan. Diketahui permasalahan ekonomi menyebabkan para produsen tidak bertanggung jawab menambahkan boraks sebagai pengawet makanan, yang sebenarnya dilarang. Boraks adalah senyawa kimia turunan dari logam berat boron yang umumnya digunakan sebagai antiseptik dan pembunuh bakteri, jika dijadikan bahan tambahan pada pangan dapat membahayakan kesehatan konsumennya. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberikan pertanyaan untuk mengukur pengetahuan peserta penyuluhan, kemudian pemberian materi, serta demonstrasi pembuatan alat pendeteksi boraks, sekaligus melakukan pengujian alat pendeteksi tersebut pada makanan yanga mengandung boraks., terakhir dilakukan evalusasi kegiatan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini bahwa peserta penyuluhan sangat berantusias, edukasi ini diharapkan dapat menambah informasi kepada masyarakat bahwa terdapat cara sederhana untuk mengetahui suatu makanan mengandung senyawa berbahaya boraks.
ANALISIS PENGARUH SEKTOR INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN TERHADAP LAJU PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN UTARA TAHUN 2020-2021
Authors: Satriyani Yuni , Tanur Erwin 
Published: July 2023

Industri Pengolahan adalah Suatu kegiatan ekonomi yang melakukan kegiatan mengubah barang dasar (bahan mentah) menjadi barang jadi/setengah jadi dan atau dari barang yang kurang nilainya menjadi barang yang lebih tinggi nilainya, baik secara mekanis, kimiawi dengan mesin ataupun dengan tangan. Pertumbuhan produksi sektor Industri Pengolahan sangat mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis seberapa besar pengaruh dan hubungan sektor Industri Pengolahan terhadap laju pertumbuhan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Data yang diambil adalah data laju pertumbuhan PDRB atas dasar harga konstan 2020 - 2021 menurut lapangan usaha yang diperoleh dari BPS Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear. Hasil penelitian adalah sektor Industri Pengolahan secara signifikan mempengaruhi PDRB Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, Hasil Uji F dan uji t yang menunjukan p-value 0,05 Kata kunci : PDRB; Industri Pengolahan
PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR EKONOMI DAN TENAGA KERJA DENGAN MODEL DINAMIS DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Sidik Jafar , Yuliawati Witri 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan sektor unggulan dan tenaga kerja di Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, menggunakan analisis model dinamis Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ) dengan menggunakan data antar waktu priode tahun 2012-2016 dan tahun 2017-2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan sektor unggulan pada priode tahun 2012-2016 sebanyak tujuh sektor menjadi sepuluh sektor pada priode tahun 2017-2021. Pada sektor Lapangan Usaha perubahan terjadi pada sektor Industri Pengolahan dan Jasa Kesehatan dan Kegiatan Sosial menjadi bukan unggulan pada priode 2017-2021. Sektor bukan unggulan pada priode tahun 2012-2016 menjadi sektor unggulan pada priode tahun 2017-2021 yaitu: Sektor Konstruksi; Perdagangan Besar dan Eceran, Reparasi Mobil dan Sepeda Motor; Transportasi dan Pergudangan; Penyediaan Akomodasi dan makan Minum dan Jasa Lainnya. Pada sektor Tenaga perubahan terjadi pada: Sektor Industri Pengolahan; Informasi dan Komunikasi; Jasa Kesehatan dan Kegiatan Sosial, dan Jasa Lainnya. Sedang untuk sektor baru yang menjadi sektor unggulan adalah; Pengadaan Listrik dan Gas; Konstruksi, dan Jasa Keuangan. Perubahan sektor unggulan Lapangan Usaha tidak seiring dengan penyerapan tenaga kerja pada sektor tersebut pada dua priode data penelitian, kemampuan daya serap tenaga kerja sektor unggulan bersifat sementara, kecuali pada sektor primer daya serap tenaga kerja bersifat permanen dan jangka panjang. Sedangkan pada sektor Industri Pengolahan dan Jasa bersifat saling mendukung selama aktivitas sektor berlangsung dan proses pembangunan berjalan.
Preparation of {100}-oriented (1−x)(Bi,K)TiO3−xCaTiO3 solid-solution epitaxial films by the hydrothermal method and their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties
Authors: Murashita Taichi , Hu Yuxian , Takahashi Yuma , Ota Reika , Okamoto Kazuki , Funakubo Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
(1−x)(Bi,K)TiO3−xCaTiO3 epitaxial films with x = 0–1.0 were grown on (100)
c
SrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates by the hydrothermal method. The film composition region can be divided into three in view of its crystal structure. The films in the range of x = 0–0.12 (Region 1) and 0.60–1.0 (Region 3) consisted of a single phase and their lattice parameters changed with the x value. This suggests the formation of a solid solution. On the other hand, two phases coexisted in the intermediate range of x = 0.18–0.43 (Region 2). The ferroelectricity and the effective transverse piezoelectric coefficient, effective d
33, were observed for the films in Regions 1 and 2. The slope difference of P
r and the effective d
33 against x can be explained by the change in the tetragonality of the films with x in Region 1 and the volume fraction of the ferroelectric phase in Region 2.