bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonparametric simulation extrapolation for measurement‐error models
Authors: Spicker Dylan , Wallace Michael P. , Yi Grace Y. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe presence of measurement error is a widespread issue, which, when ignored, can render the results of an analysis unreliable. Numerous corrections for the effects of measurement error have been proposed and studied, often under the assumption of a normally distributed, additive measurement‐error model. In many situations, observed data are nonsymmetric, heavy‐tailed, or otherwise highly non‐normal. In these settings, correction techniques relying on the assumption of normality are undesirable. We propose an extension of simulation extrapolation that is nonparametric in the sense that no specific distributional assumptions are required on the error terms. The technique can be implemented when either validation data or replicate measurements are available, and is designed to be immediately accessible to those familiar with simulation extrapolation.
Hyperbranched Polymers for Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Zhou Zhaoqiong , Luo Nan , Shao Xiangfeng , Zhang Hao‐Li , Liu Zitong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have attracted increasing attention owing to their distinct highly branched topological structures, resulting in unique properties and wide applications in organic semiconductors (OSCs). In this Review, recent progress in functional HBPs is outlined in the field of OSCs, including organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and organic field effect transistors (OFETs), among others. Prospects of HBPs‐based materials in OSCs are examined. The results revealed that multi‐dimensional topologies not only regulate the electron (hole) transport but also adjust the film morphology, thereby affecting the efficiency and long life of organic electronic devices. Many studies showed the usefulness of HBPs as hole transport materials but reports dealing with n‐type and ambipolar materials are still lacking. In addition, the interchain covalent bond in hyperbranched polymers could mitigate the damage caused by stretching, conducive to building stable flexible stretchable devices with long‐term durability and good safety under harsh environmental conditions. Overall, the flexible stretchable design may enrich the applications of HBPs in organic semiconductors and provide new ideas for guiding the future design of functional organic semiconductor materials.
Growth and Characterization of Lanthanum Germanide Thin Films by the Thermal Evaporation Technique
Authors: Alkhamisi Manal M. , Qasrawi A. F. , Khanfar Hazem K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLanthanum germanide (La6Ge) thin films are successfully fabricated using the thermal evaporation technique under a vacuum pressure of 10−5 mbar. The resulting films display an orthorhombic structure, characterized by lattice parameters of a = 8.725 Å, b = 8.063 Å, and c = 5.569 Å. Optical analysis of the La6Ge thin films reveal their high transparency, with an energy bandgap of 3.75±0.04 eV. The bandgap exhibits indirect allowed transitions and featured energy band tails with widths measuring (1.64±0.14) eV. In addition, dielectric dispersion analyses indicate the presence of two dominant dielectric resonance peaks centered at 3.15 and 2.08 eV. Moreover, the La6Ge films demonstrate a terahertz (THz) cutoff frequency of 1.0 THz when illuminated with infrared and visible light. This cutoff frequency increases to 45.6 THz in the ultraviolet range. Furthermore, by utilizing the Drude–Lorentz method, the investigation of optical conductivity parameters reveals that the lanthanum germanide optical filters can achieve free hole density and drift mobility values of 14.44 cm2 V−1 s−1 and 2.8×1018 cm−3, respectively, under infrared light irradiation. The outstanding optical and dielectric properties exhibited by the La6Ge thin films make them excellent candidates for highly transparent optical filters suitable for terahertz technology.
Effect of CZT Powder Burying CZT Crystal on Annealing in Cd Atmosphere
Authors: Meng Yupu , Liang Xiaoyan , Xie Chen , Yu Chao , Zhang Jijun , Yin Liang , Dai Lingen , Chen Jun , Xu Run , Wang Linjun , Min Jiahua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the inevitable formation of the second phase of Te in the growth process of Cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe/CZT) crystal, the Te related defects are usually treated by Cd atmosphere annealing to improve the crystal quality. In this paper, the influence of different powder burying crystals on the annealing effect in Cd atmosphere is studied by analyzing the change of crystal surface components, removal effect of Te inclusion, electric field distribution and carrier transport characteristics. The results show that burying the crystal with powder helps to maintain the crystal surface composition in annealing, but the Te inclusion can be eliminated only by controlling the amount of powder. Moreover, it is found that the uniformly distributed Te inclusions tend to migrate to the surface during the annealing process, while the Te inclusions at dislocation or crystal boundary are difficult to eliminate. It is speculated that the internal Te loading is more inclined to the reaction of diffused Cd atom, which makes the Te inclusions decrease continuously. After annealing with proper amount of powder, due to the elimination of Te inclusion defects, the electric field distribution inside the crystal is more uniform and the carrier lifetime product is improved.
Multi‐objective Bayesian algorithm automatically discovers low‐cost high‐growth serum‐free media for cellular agriculture application
Authors: Cosenza Zachary , Block David E. , Baar Keith , Chen Xingyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, we applied a multi‐information source modeling technique to solve a multi‐objective Bayesian optimization problem involving the simultaneous minimization of cost and maximization of growth for serum‐free C2C12 cells using a hyper‐volume improvement acquisition function. In sequential batches of custom media experiments designed using our Bayesian criteria, collected using multiple assays targeting different cellular growth dynamics, the algorithm learned to identify the trade‐off relationship between long‐term growth and cost. We were able to identify several media with more growth of C2C12 cells than the control, as well as a medium with 23% more growth at only 62.5% of the cost of the control. These algorithmically generated media also maintained growth far past the study period, indicating the modeling approach approximates the cell growth well from an extremely limited data set.
Virtual screening of the natural antifoulants: In silico approach to screen lichen metabolites against marine biofoulers
Authors: Subbaiyan Rubavathi , Ganesan Ayyappadasan , Dhanuskodi Saranya , Prakash Harsha pradha , Varadharajan Venkatramanan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study aims to explore the inhibitory action of lichen metabolites against important protein targets of marine fouling organisms using computational methods. Lichens with their unique ability to produce various secondary metabolites find versatile applications in Biotechnology and allied fields. The 3D structure of target proteins associated with fouling activity of marine organism were collected from the protein data bank (PDB) and the computational docking analysis was performed using the PyRx software with 40 lichen compounds that are collected from PubChem. The lichen compounds were docked against the following protein targets—mannose‐specific lectin CGL1 of Crassostrea gigas, Proximal thread matrix protein 1 PTMP 1 of Mytilus galloprovincialis, and G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) of Balanus amphitrite. As there was no experimentally determined structure available for GPCR of B. amphitrite, homology modeling was performed to predict the protein structure. The docking study showed effective binding of lichen compounds to various fouling targets with the binding energies in the range of −10.1 to −5 kcal/mol. Among the lichen compounds studied, roccanin showed the least binding energy for CGL1, PTMP1 and GPCR. The correlation assessments predict a positive relationship between binding energy, molecular weight and retention time. MD Simulation studies were performed using LARMD online tool and the RMSD and radius of gyration (Rg) values was recorded. This study proves that the compounds produced by lichens have high antifouling effect against marine foulers under in silico conditions.
Decadal Assessment of Microplastics, Pharmaceuticals, and Pesticides as Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Kenya's Surface Waters: A Review
Authors: Githaiga Kelvin Babu , Njuguna Samwel Maina , Bargul Joel Ltilitan , Liu Fan , Gituru Robert Wahiti , Yan Xue 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Studies investigating microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water sources in Kenya are reviewed. Contaminants of emerging concern are chemicals that have recently been discovered that may pose a threat to the environment, aquatic life, and human life. Microplastics in surface waters range from 1.56 to as high as 4520 particles/m3, with high concentrations recorded in coastal waters. The dominant microplastics are fibers, fragments, and films, with foams, granules, and pellets making up only a small percentage. The main source of pharmaceuticals in water sources is not wastewater-treatment plants but rather raw untreated sewage because high concentrations are found near informal settlements with poor sewage connectivity. Antibiotics are detected in the range of the limit of quantification to 320 μg/L, with sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and ciprofloxacin being the most abundant antibiotics. The high frequency of detection is attributed to the general misuse of antibiotics in the country. A health risk assessment indicated that only ciprofloxacin and acetaminophen posed noncarcinogenic health risks in the Ndarugo River and Mombasa periurban creeks, respectively. Similarly, the detection of antiretroviral drugs, mainly lamivudine, nevirapine, and zidovudine, is associated with human immunodeficiency virus prevalence in Kenya. In the Lake Naivasha, Nairobi River, and Lake Victoria basins, frequently detected organochloride pesticides (OCPs) are methoxychlor, alachlor, endrin, dieldrin, endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), γ-HCH, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), some of which occur above permissible concentrations. The presence of DDT in some sites translates to illegal use or historical application. The majority of individual OCPs posed no noncarcinogenic health risk, except dieldrin and aldrin which had a hazard quotient &gt;1 in two sites. Therefore, more surveying and regular monitoring in different regions in Kenya concerning CECs is essential to determine the spatial variability and effective measures to be taken to reduce pollution. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2105–2118. © 2023 SETAC.
A CRISPR/dCas9‐enabled, on‐site, visual, and bimodal biosensing strategy for ultrasensitive and self‐validating detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Li Yaru , Qiao Jiali , Zhao Zhiying , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Wenlu , Man Shuli , Ye Shengying , Chen Kai , Ma Long 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is imperative to develop practicable pathogenic bacteria detection methods. We devised a biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhi), termed as SCOUT‐dCas9 (ultrasensitive, cross‐validating, on‐site, and dUal‐mode test using CRISPR/dCas9). Simply, the species‐specific invA gene of S. typhi was amplified using loop‐mediated isothermal amplification with a biotinylated primer, which can be specifically “pulled down” by “antibody‐like” dCas9‐single guide RNA to form a ternary complex. SYBR Green I and streptavidin‐modified alkaline phosphatase were used to functionalize them to generate fluorescent and colorimetric signals, respectively. With this strategy, the target could be dexterously converted into bimodal signals that were cross‐validated to afford more reliable results. For both modes, SCOUT‐dCas9 was able to detect as low as 1 CFU/mL with a dynamic range from 1 to 109 CFU/mL. Lastly, SCOUT‐dCas9 had satisfactory selectivity and was capable of detecting S. typhi‐contaminated real food samples. SCOUT‐dCas9 provides a robust platform for bacterial detection.
How can Health in All Policies approaches support the transition to the well‐being economy?
Authors: Valentine Nicole , Williams Carmel , Vega Jeanette , Solar Orielle , Told Michaela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHealth in All Policies approaches support the integration of health considerations into the policies of traditionally siloed governance systems. These siloed systems are often ignorant of the fact that health is created outside of the health system and starts long before you see a health professional. Thus, the purpose of Health in All Policies approaches is to raise the importance of the broad‐based impacts on health from these public policies and to implement healthy public policy that delivers human rights for all. This approach requires significant adjustments to current economic and social policy settings. A well‐being economy similarly aspires to create policy incentives that increase the importance of social and non‐monetized outcomes, such as increased social cohesion environmental sustainability and health. These outcomes can evolve deliberately alongside economic benefits and are impacted by economic and market activities. The principles and functions underpinning Health in All Policies approaches, such as joined‐up policy making can be helpful to transition towards a well‐being economy. Governments will need to move beyond the currently held principle of “economic growth and profit above all else” if countries are to tackle growing societal inequity and catastrophic climate changes. Rapid digitization and globalization have further entrenched the focus on monetary economic outcomes rather than other aspects of human welfare. This has created an increasingly difficult context within which to prioritize social policies and efforts aimed to achieve primarily social and not profit‐oriented goals. In the face of this larger context, alone, Health in All Policies approaches will not bring about the needed transformation to achieve healthy populations and economic transition. However, Health in All Policies approaches do offer lessons and a rationale that is aligned with, and can support the transition to, a well‐being economy. Transforming current economic approaches to a well‐being economy is imperative to achieve equitable population health, social security and climate sustainability.
Engaging culturally diverse fathers in maternal and family healthcare: Experiences and perspectives of healthcare professionals
Authors: Forbes Faye , Wynter Karen , Zeleke Berihun M. , Fisher Jane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedAustralian maternal, family and child services increasingly espouse the value of being ‘father‐inclusive’. However, fathers report feeling excluded or marginalised during healthcare visits with their partners/infants, and experience barriers to engaging in perinatal healthcare at the community, individual and healthcare service level. These barriers may be amplified in men who are members of minority groups, such as those from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds.MethodsThis research investigated healthcare professionals' perceptions and experiences of providing perinatal health services to families from CALD backgrounds. Semi‐structured interviews were held with healthcare professionals from multiple disciplinary backgrounds providing services to families in the perinatal period. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically to identify key themes and sub‐themes.ResultsTen healthcare professionals were interviewed. Participants acknowledged that inclusion of fathers in care is important as involvement enables fathers to support their pregnant partners and children, manage their own mental health, and helps to transform harmful gender roles.ConclusionsOverall, healthcare professionals are willing to include culturally diverse fathers. However, the ability of culturally diverse families to engage with healthcare services is impacted by the cultural competency of the services. So what? Healthcare delivered during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum year may be improved by adopting a whole‐family approach, which considers the needs and perspectives of fathers and partners. However, particular attention is needed to ensure healthcare policies and practices are culturally competent to meet the needs of fathers from culturally diverse backgrounds.
How Large Scale Agile Can Operate Systems Engineering in the Future
Authors: Alt Laurent , Le Mouëlli Mikaël 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe significant shift happening today towards more connected, more automated, and more autonomous systems is bringing software inside all systems, and at the same time agile practices. Our experience of large‐scale agile deployments in companies building or operating complex systems in automotive and aerospace shows that, whereas both approaches can easily coexist in isolated teams within the same company, major problems arise when coordinating them at the leadership level, where they are perceived as antagonist, and create misalignments, friction and quality issues. In this article, we propose to describe why it is important to make agile and systems engineering work together, how to do it, and how this impacts how we see value, systems, digital twins, and leadership. The following concepts of the FuSE agile roadmaps are addressed:
▪ Agility with long lead time components and dependencies
▪ Agility across organizations boundaries
▪ Orchestrating agile operations.
Retinal alterations in evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis with chloroquine treatment: A new approach
Authors: Liu Li‐Qi , Shi Wen‐Qing , Chen Jun , Li Qing‐Jian , Qian‐Ling  , Wei Hong , Xu San Hua , Kang Min , Huang Hui , Chen Xu , Wang Yi‐Xin , Shao Yi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of hydroxychloroquine on conjunctival and retinal microvascular density in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsTen healthy controls, 10 RA patients who had not been treated with hydroxychloroquine, and 10 RA patients who had been treated with chloroquine for more than 5 years were recruited. Optical coherence tomography (OCTA) was used to examine the conjunctival and superficial and deep retinal microvascular density and compared the differences in microvascular density between the three groups.ResultsThe vascular density in RA group in superficial microvascular was significantly lower than that in control group (p < 0.001). Compared with RA group, the chloroquine group showed statistically significantly lower microvascular (p < 0.001) and deep microvascular (p = 0.018). Superficial microvascular was positively correlated with conjunctival vessel density in RA patients (r = 0.868, p = 0.0048).ConclusionsThe use of chloroquine could further reduce the vascular density in the absence of statistical difference in the course of the disease.
Optimizing fabrication parameters via Taguchi method for production of high yield hydroxyapatite microsphere scaffolds using Drop‐on‐Demand inkjet method
Authors: Wee Chien Yi , Lim Quentin Ray Tjieh , Zhao Yun , Xu Xin , Yang Zhijie , Wang Dong , Thian Eng San 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDrop on demand (DOD) inkjet method is a cost‐efficient way of producing hydroxyapatite (HAp) microsphere scaffolds with narrow size distribution. However, DOD fabrication parameters may influence the yield and characteristics of the microsphere scaffolds. Testing different permutations and combinations of fabrication parameters is costly and time consuming. Taguchi method could be used as a predictive tool for optimizing the key fabrication parameters to produce HAp microspheres with desired yield and properties, minimizing the number of experimental combinations to be tested. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the fabrication parameters on the characteristics of the microspheres formed and determine optimum parameter conditions for producing high yield HAp microsphere scaffolds with the desired properties intended to serve as potential bone substitutes. We aimed to achieve microspheres with high production yield, microsphere size of <230 μm, micropore sizes <1 μm, rough surface morphology and high sphericity. Experiments were conducted using Taguchi method with a L9 orthogonal array at three levels per parameter to determine optimum parameter values for (1) operating pressure, (2) shutter speed duration, (3) nozzle height and (4) CaCl2 concentration. Based on signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio analysis, the identified optimum parameter conditions for operating pressure, shutter speed duration, nozzle height and CaCl2 concentration to be 0.9–1.3 bar, 100 ms, 8 cm and 0.4 M respectively. The microspheres obtained had an average size of 213 μm, 0.45 μm micropore size, high sphericity index of 0.95 and high production yield of 98%. Confirmation tests and ANOVA results affirms the validity of Taguchi method in optimizing HAp microspheres with high yield, desired size, micropore size and shape. HAp microsphere scaffolds produced by optimum conditions were subjected to a 7‐day in‐vitro study. Cells remained viable and continued to proliferate (increased 1.2‐fold) over 7 days with microspheres maintaining high cell density with cells bridging between microspheres. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay increased 1.5‐fold from day 1, suggesting good osteogenic potency of HAp microspheres as potential bone substitutes.
Hypocitraturia and Risk of Bone Disease in Patients With Kidney Stone Disease
Authors: Ganesan Calyani , Thomas I‐Chun , Montez‐Rath Maria E , Chertow Glenn M , Leppert John T , Pao Alan C 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTPatients with kidney stone disease are at higher risk for bone disease. Hypocitraturia is common in patients with kidney stone disease and a key risk factor for stone recurrence. In this retrospective cohort study, we sought to determine whether hypocitraturia is also a risk factor for incident bone disease in patients with kidney stone disease. We used nationwide data from the Veterans Health Administration and identified 9025 patients with kidney stone disease who had a 24‐hour urine citrate measurement between 2007 and 2015. We examined clinical characteristics of patients by level of 24‐hour urine citrate excretion (<200, 200–400, and >400 mg/d) and the time to osteoporosis or fracture according to 24‐hour urine citrate excretion level. Almost one in five veterans with kidney stone disease and a 24‐hour urine citrate measurement had severe hypocitraturia, defined as <200 mg/d. Patients with severe hypocitraturia were at risk for osteoporosis or fracture (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.23; confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.48), but after adjustment for demographic factors, comorbid conditions, and laboratory abnormalities associated with hypocitraturia, the association was no longer statistically significant (HR = 1.18; CI 0.98–1.43). Our results in a predominantly male cohort suggest a modest association between hypocitraturia and osteoporosis or fracture; there are likely to be other explanations for the potent association between kidney stone disease and diminished bone health. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.