bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic mechanochromic luminescence‐based visualization of fatigue damage and life prediction of aluminum to steel resistance spot welds
Authors: Wei Xiaowen , Zhang Zhe , Shi Liting , Kang Jidong , Chen Xu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDissimilar material joined structures are increasingly used in the automotive industry to reduce weight in the vehicle body structure for better fuel economy. Therefore, it is necessary to reveal the fatigue damage and develop the fatigue life prediction method of dissimilar material joined structures. Unlike conventional detection methods, mechanoresponsive luminogen‐based method can directly visualize stress distribution and fatigue crack growth. An organic mechanochromic luminescence material (TPE‐4N) is therefore used to detect the fatigue damage of coach peel Al‐steel resistance spot welds. The fatigue crack initiation and propagation are detected as visible green fluorescence under ultraviolet excitation. The results show that the fluorescence intensity increases linearly in the early stage of fatigue cycles while grows much faster in the specimen with lower fatigue life. A new fatigue life prediction method has been developed based on the response of fluorescence intensity.
CFPy—A Python Package for Pre‐ and Postprocessing of the Conduit Flow Process of MODFLOW
Authors: Reimann Thomas , Rudolph Max Gustav , Grabow Leonard , Noffz Torsten 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe conduit flow process (CFP) for MODFLOW's groundwater flow model is an advanced approach for investigating complex groundwater systems, such as karst, with coupled discrete‐continuum models. CFP represents laminar and turbulent flow in a discrete pipe network coupled to a matrix continuum. However, the preprocessing demand is comparatively high to generate the conduit network and is usually performed with graphical user interfaces. To overcome this limitation and allow a scalable, reproducible, and comprehensive workflow, existing and new routines were aggregated to a Python package named CFPy, to allow script‐based modeling that harmonizes well with the available and widely used FloPy package. CFPy allows information about the location and geometry of the conduit network to be considered by user‐specific approaches or by sophisticated methods such as stochastic conduit network generators. The latter allows the automatic generation of many model variants with differing conduit networks for advanced investigations like multi‐model approaches in combination with automatic parameter estimation. Additional postprocessing routines provide powerful control and valuable insights for CFP applications. In this methods note, a general technical description of the approach is complemented with two examples that guide users and demonstrate the main capabilities of CFPy.
Looking for ‘emotional balance’ in desistance from crime: Testimonies from justice‐involved individuals in French‐speaking Switzerland
Authors: Stoll Aurélie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article is based on 48 interviews and five writing testimonies of 23 men convicted, incarcerated and released from high‐security prisons in the French part of Switzerland. Through a longitudinal and phenomenological perspective, this contribution explores the role of affective states in desistance from crime. The findings show that giving up crime requires navigating through three ‘emotional seeds’ that qualify the most significant affective states of the desistance process: distress; disillusionment; and hope. Thus, this research develops the notion of ‘emotional balance’ in desistance from crime, which consists of being neither overwhelmed by one's feelings nor repressing them.
A new value for cooperative games based on coalition size
Authors: Borkotokey Surajit , Choudhury Dhrubajit , Kumar Rajnish , Sarangi Sudipta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe propose and characterize a new value for TU cooperative games based on egalitarian distribution of worths in smaller coalitions and players' marginal productivity in larger coalitions. This value belongs to the class of Procedural values due to Malawski. Our value is identical with the Shapley value on one extreme and the Equal Division rule on the other extreme. We show that our value is identical with the solidarity value due to Bèal et al. of the dual game. However, by duality, our characterization intuitively improves over the axiomatization of this solidarity value. We also provide a mechanism that implements our value in sub‐game perfect Nash equilibrium. Finally, a generalized version of this value is proposed followed by its characterizations.
Incidence, prevalence and clinical management of achalasia since the introduction of high‐resolution manometry in Western Australia
Authors: Inoue Madoka , Adris Niwansa , Cai Richmond , Siah Chiang , Kong Jee , Ragunath Krish 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies in achalasia and its clinical management in Australia are limited.AimsTo determine the prevalence and trends in incidence rates and describe the types of treatment stratified by subtypes of achalasia.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted at a single site that offers a state‐wide high‐resolution manometry (HRM) service in Western Australia (WA). Patients (aged ≥ 18 years) newly diagnosed with achalasia based on HRM findings between 2012 and 2021 were extracted from the HRM database. The crude incidence rate and age‐standardised incidence rate (ASIR) along with the 2021‐point prevalence were calculated. Trends were assessed by the Kendall τb test. The patients' initial and subsequent treatment modalities were described.ResultsA total of 296 new cases were identified, and the median age at diagnosis was 56 years. The patient's median age, sex and year of the first treatment did not vary significantly with the subtypes. The lowest and highest ASIR (cases/100 000 person‐years) were 0.8 in 2012 and 2.1 in 2021, respectively. Only type 2 achalasia showed a significant increasing trend (P = 0.009). The 2021‐point prevalence was 16.9 cases/100 000 people and increased with age. Pneumatic balloon dilatation (PBD) was the most common treatment for types 1 and 2, while laparoscopic Heller myotomy was most common for type 3. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become common in the past 5 years.ConclusionThe ASIR of type 2 achalasia significantly increased in WA. PBD was most commonly performed, although peroral endoscopic myotomy has recently increased as a preferred treatment option.
Cover crop water consumption: Analysing performance of the agrometeorological model for the calculation of actual evapotranspiration (AMBAV) in a container experiment
Authors: Selzer Tabea , Schubert Sven 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to anthropogenic climate change, cover crop water consumption in winter could potentially increase drought stress for a succeeding crop. Simulation of cover crop evapotranspiration (ET) losses could be a tool for farmers to make smart management decisions. In Germany, the model AMBAV is used by the German Meteorological Service (DWD) to advise farmers in irrigation management. We compared measured ET of phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis) and white mustard (Sinapis alba) cultivated in a container experiment with simulated data and conducted a sensitivity analysis to identify the meteorological and crop‐specific parameters, which had the strongest effect on simulated ET. In general, measured ET exceeded simulated ET. Different statistical criteria showed that AMBAV performed best for the simulation of evaporation from a bare soil surface. Model performance was also strongly influenced by the irrigation regime in the container experiment. However, the sensitivity analysis showed that changes in irrigation hardly influenced simulated ET. We recommend optimization of the model for irrigated agriculture. Furthermore, we identified temperature and humidity as the most important meteorological and leaf area index as the most important crop‐specific parameter for ET simulations with AMBAV. Since farmers' management decisions depend on the accuracy of ET simulations, they should be aware that even small regional deviations of meteorological conditions and soil cover can significantly affect model predictions.
Giant permittivity in (Nb0.5La0.5)xTi1‐xO2 ceramics prepared by slip casting in a strong magnetic field
Authors: Liu Jinqiu , Song Yuechan , Wu Wenwen , Wang Xingang , Zhou Quan , Niu Gaoyun , Liu Peng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of textured (Nb0.5La0.5)xTi1‐xO2 (x = 0, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01) ceramics were sintered in a nitrogen environment after magnetic slip casting (12 T). Component x ranges from 0.0025 to 0.01 while the degree of orientation increases from 0.49 to 0.88. (Nb0.5La0.5)0.01Ti0.99O2 ceramics in the parallel magnetic field's plane have a high permittivity ɛr ≈ 1.6 × 104 and the ultralow dielectric loss tanδ ≈ 0.0038 at 104 Hz. The temperature coefficient value of η ≤ ± 7.1% between 218–473 K, fulfilling the X9R requirements. The giant permittivity properties of textured ceramics are mainly derived from internal barrier layer capacitor impacts, electron hopping, and electron‐pinned defect‐dipoles polarization. The microstructure evolution of sintered ceramics was modified by texturing in a magnetic field, leading to higher activation energies of dielectric relaxations and resistance of grain boundaries and grains. This excellent performance is expected to show great potential in electronic devices' miniaturization and high‐density energy storage.
Spatial phylogenetics of the flora in the Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico: Evolutionary puzzles in tropical mountains
Authors: Aragón‐Parada Juvenal , Carrillo‐Reyes Pablo , Rodríguez Aarón , Munguía‐Lino Guadalupe , Salinas‐Rodríguez María Magdalena , De‐Nova José Arturo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo test explicitly whether the Sierra Madre del Sur includes areas with significant neo‐, paleo‐ and mixed endemism and to explore possible environmental drivers implied in their high species richness and spatial phylogenetic patterns.LocationSierra Madre del Sur, Mexico.TaxonVascular plants.MethodsSpecies richness, species endemism, phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic endemism were analysed through a categorical analysis of neo‐ and paleo‐endemism for a set of 91493 unique records. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests for multiple comparisons of environmental variables among phylogenetic endemism categories were conducted.ResultsThe area includes 9524 species with 1133 endemics. The spatial distribution of species richness, endemism and phylogenetic metrics is heterogeneous. Species richness has a strong correlation with weighted endemism and weighted phylogenetic endemism. Neoendemism is mainly concentrated in the pine‐oak forest at higher elevations, paleo‐endemism in pine‐oak forest and seasonally dry tropical forest at lower elevations; mixed and super‐endemism were located in the cloud forest and its ecotones with the pine‐oak forest, tropical rain forest and seasonally dry tropical forest. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences only for elevation, precipitation and temperature.Main conclusionsThe Sierra Madre del Sur includes areas of neo‐, paleo‐ and mixed endemism heterogeneously distributed, representing an evolutionary puzzle of phylogenetic diversity promoted by environmental complexity. Recent diversification is suggested for areas of neoendemism, mainly in regions of pine‐oak forest and seasonally dry tropical forest, where elevation, seasonality and precipitation are variable. Areas of paleo‐ and mixed endemism indicate the preservation of ancient lineages in cloud forest and tropical forest. The Sierra Madre del Sur represents an intricate scenario for the diversification of Neotropical flora, with singular elements diverged in situ and others migrated and preserved in climatic and adaptative refugia through time.
The effects of animated versus static metaphor with 3D images on EFL learners' acquisition of degrees of certainty
Authors: Takimoto Masahiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundJapanese EFL learners often fail to identify and categorise the different degrees of certainty associated with CERTAIN, PROBABLE, and POSSIBLE items. This computer‐mediated study evaluated the relative effects of animated versus static illustrations on stimulating the spatial concept of distance for the acquisition of this knowledge.ObjectivesThis study aimed to: (1) discover whether the spatial concept of distance captured by three‐dimensional (3D) images in animated or static illustrations help learners understand spatial relationships more clearly, and (2) whether a static illustration is sufficient for learning the different degrees of certainty.MethodAnimated and static visualisation groups used 3D images of animated versus static illustrations that capture the spatial concept of distance, and a contrasting group did not use illustrations. The former applied the spatial concept of distance to learn the degrees of certainty, using animated or static illustrations. A spatial concept‐oriented approach that visualises concepts of distance enabled participants to understand the degrees of certainty. The contrasting approach involved rote learning of a list of target expressions for the different degrees of certainty in English.Results and ConclusionsBoth the animated and static versions of the spatial concept‐oriented approaches were equally effective. The difference between the two versions did not significantly impact the overall performance of the groups.TakeawaysRegardless of the type of effect, the spatial concept of distance captured in words and illustrations helped the participants (1) process the different degrees of certainty cognitively in terms of distances and (2) retain them in long‐term memory.
Intersectionality in studying and theorizing singlehood
Authors: Kislev Elyakim , Marsh Kris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article underscores the importance of recognizing the diversity and intricacy of singlehood and transcending a simplistic view of singles as a monolithic group. By adopting an intersectional approach, researchers can obtain a deeper understanding of singles' experiences and identify their unique needs. Moreover, this understanding has profound implications for social justice endeavors, as singles may encounter compounded discrimination and necessitate deliberate communities and social policies that support them. Specifically, we advance here a four‐fold argument. First, singlehood should not only be viewed as a demographic characteristic but also as a chosen status and identity. In turn, researchers must acknowledge divisions such as race, gender, class, and sexuality within this overarching category. Third, intersectionality must be analyzed in its compound and intricate effects, as singlehood intertwines with other categories in distinct ways. Fourth, this carries far‐reaching implications, and intersectionality can serve as a critical praxis that informs social justice initiatives.
Medication misuse and overuse in community‐dwelling persons with dementia
Authors: Deardorff W. James , Jing Bocheng , Growdon Matthew E. , Yaffe Kristine , Boscardin W. John , Boockvar Kenneth S. , Steinman Michael A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPersons with dementia (PWD) have high rates of polypharmacy. While previous studies have examined specific types of problematic medication use in PWD, we sought to characterize a broad spectrum of medication misuse and overuse among community‐dwelling PWD.MethodsWe included community‐dwelling adults aged ≥66 in the Health and Retirement Study from 2008 to 2018 linked to Medicare and classified as having dementia using a validated algorithm. Medication usage was ascertained over the 1‐year prior to an HRS interview date. Potentially problematic medications were identified by: (1) medication overuse including over‐aggressive treatment of diabetes/hypertension (e.g., insulin/sulfonylurea with hemoglobin A1c < 7.5%) and medications inappropriate near end of life based on STOPPFrail and (2) medication misuse including medications that negatively affect cognition and medications from 2019 Beers and STOPP Version 2 criteria. To contextualize, we compared medication use to people without dementia through a propensity‐matched cohort by age, sex, comorbidities, and interview year. We applied survey weights to make our results nationally representative.ResultsAmong 1441 PWD, median age was 84 (interquartile range = 78–89), 67% female, and 14% Black. Overall, 73% of PWD were prescribed ≥1 potentially problematic medication with a mean of 2.09 per individual in the prior year. This was notable across several domains, including 41% prescribed ≥1 medication that negatively affects cognition. Frequently problematic medications included proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, antihypertensives, and antidiabetic agents. Problematic medication use was higher among PWD compared to those without dementia with 73% versus 67% prescribed ≥1 problematic medication (p = 0.002) and mean of 2.09 versus 1.62 (p < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionCommunity‐dwelling PWD frequently receive problematic medications across multiple domains and at higher frequencies compared to those without dementia. Deprescribing efforts for PWD should focus not only on potentially harmful central nervous system‐active medications but also on other classes such as PPIs and NSAIDs.
Expanding consumer mindfulness for collective sustainable well‐being: Overview of the special issue and future research directions
Authors: Bahl Shalini , Milne George R. , Miller Elizabeth G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis special issue focuses on the potential of mindfulness to enhance consumer well‐being. While various disciplines have investigated the psychological and physiological benefits of mindfulness, its potential for consumer well‐being remains largely underexplored. Moreover, there have been concerns about the efficacy of secular mindfulness, which is being criticized for its limited focus on non‐judgmental awareness while neglecting its original contemplative and ethical foundations. This omission is especially problematic when considering mindfulness as an intervention for issues such as overconsumption, addictions, and other harmful habits impacting individuals, society, and the environment. This introductory article expands the definition of consumer well‐being to prioritize the positive feelings and effective functioning of groups and ecosystems over short‐term individual benefits, summarizes the eight articles in the issue, identifies six themes that broaden the scope of mindfulness, and presents a framework for exploring how the special issue articles and future research can promote collective sustainable well‐being.
Quaranteens: Prepandemic relationship quality and changes in adolescent internalizing problems during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Buist Kirsten L. , Boele Savannah , Bülow Anne , Reitz Ellen , Verhoeven Marjolein , Keijsers Loes 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis preregistered longitudinal study examined changes in adolescents' depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic using latent additive piece‐wise growth models. It also assessed whether support from and conflict with mothers, fathers, siblings, and best friends explained heterogeneity in change patterns. One hundred and ninety‐two Dutch adolescents (Mean age: 14.3 years; 68.8% female) completed online biweekly questionnaires for a year (November 2019–October 2020), consisting of a prepandemic, lockdown, and reopening phase. Depressive symptoms increased following the lockdown and decreased upon reopening. Anxiety symptoms showed an immediate decrease followed by a gradual increase in the reopening phase. Prepandemic family and best friend support and conflict did not explain heterogeneity in depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
The effect of open space maintenance spending on house prices
Authors: Brasington David M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the effect on housing values of cutting funding for the maintenance of local parks and recreational areas. It is the first study we find on house prices and park maintenance spending, and only the second open space study we find that uses regression discontinuity. We study tax votes with exogenous timing for renewing current expense spending on parks and recreation, adding to the vibrant literature on house price capitalization of environmental amenities. We find that otherwise similar communities that barely vote to cut taxes suffer an 11% drop in house prices, compared to communities that barely vote to renew tax funding. The capitalization discount grows to 13% and 16% in later periods. Voting against spending saves $70 a year for a typical house but cuts house values by over $30,000. We find stronger effects for large tax levies and more expensive houses.
Interconnected digital twins and the future of digital manufacturing: Insights from a Delphi study
Authors: van Dyck Marc , Lüttgens Dirk , Piller Frank T. , Brenk Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDigital twins (DTs) are virtual representations of real‐world entities like production assets, processes, or products. They are updated at a defined fidelity and frequency along the entire life cycle from development and engineering over the production or implementation of a product or process until its usage stage. Interconnected digital twins (IDTs) are DTs shared and connected across organizations with the objective to create holistic simulation and decision models of an entire physical system. In this paper, we investigate how IDTs shape future digital manufacturing scenarios and impact innovation management. We present the results of a real‐time Delphi study, analyzing quantitative and qualitative estimates on a set of 24 projections, forecasting the future of digital manufacturing with a projection horizon towards 2030. Using this data and 22 additional use cases of IDTs in manufacturing companies, we present a baseline scenario where our Delphi panel reached a consensus, representing a likely future of digital manufacturing in 2030. By analyzing projections where our expert panels' evaluations vary widely, we identify key design decisions that may impact innovation management along the dimensions of variation, choice, and control in digital manufacturing. We explain how IDTs will impact external knowledge inflows, the emergence and governance of industrial data spaces, and the potential of data‐driven and AI‐enabled applications for prediction and regulation to drive better decision‐making and continuous innovation.