bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Majority of Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Faculty in the United States are Allopathic Males
Authors: Ranson Rachel , Peabody Tucker , Saker Christopher , Lucido Anthony , Lin Jia Bao , Gianakos Arianna , Stamm Michaela , Mulcahey Mary K 
Published: August 2023

Introduction There is a paucity of information regarding the demographic characteristics of faculty at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) orthopaedic surgery residency programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the demographics and education training of all current orthopaedic surgery residency program faculty members. We hypothesized that there would be a sex discrepancy among orthopaedic surgery faculty, and that there would be fewer DO (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine) than MD (Medical Doctor) orthopaedic surgeons in academic medicine. Methods The Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database was used to identify all orthopaedic surgery residency programs in the United States. The following information was collected from each program website: faculty sex, degree, academic role, administrative title, and subspecialty. Faculty roles, titles, and subspecialties were compared across type of institution, degree earned, and sex using Chi squared and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results Of the 4,325 faculty members identified, 3,893 were male (90%) and 4,033 were MDs (93%). The most common subspecialty was sports medicine (789, 18%). While traditional ACGME programs still had more MD faculty (3,728, 97.5%) (p<0.001), the majority of faculty at traditional American Osteopathic Association (AOA) programs were also MDs (305, 61%). There were more male DOs than male MDs (95.6% vs. 89.3%, p<0.001). More DOs practiced general orthopaedics (14.8% vs. 4.1%), whereas more MDs practiced upper extremity and orthopaedic oncology (p<0.001). More male faculty practiced adult reconstruction (616, 15.8%), trauma (489, 12.6%), spine (471, 12.1%), and sports medicine (719, 18.5%), whereas more female faculty practiced pediatrics (135, 31.3%), upper extremity (100, 23.1%), and oncology (33, 7.6%). More male faculty held titles as chair of orthopaedic surgery (145, 3.7%) and fellowship director (111, 2.9%) than females (5, 1.2% and 5, 1.2%). Males were also listed as assistant professor (1057, 27.2% vs 188, 43.5%), associate professor (636, 16.3% vs 86, 19.9%), and professor (618, 15.9% vs 41, 9.5%) more commonly than females. Conclusion The current faculty of orthopaedic surgery residency programs is heavily male dominated, holding higher academic roles and administrative titles than women. There is also a high prevalence of MDs with higher academic roles and administrative titles than DOs.
Cognitive Failures at Work, Mindfulness, and the Big Five
Authors: Klockner Karen , Hicks Richard E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCognitive failures at work (or errors in the workplace including blunders and memory lapses), can lead to considerable personal and organisational damage, even damage well beyond national borders in some organisations. Workplace errors may have a personality base; and mindfulness (or mindlessness) also appears to be related to workplace errors generally. Given the importance and cost of errors in the workplace it is of concern that no previous research appears to have addressed the relationships between cognitive failures at work, personality and mindfulness together. We aimed to address this gap. We administered the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Big Five International Personality Item Pool 50-item questionnaire (IPIP) to a sample of 92 Australian-based employees from a variety of organisations. Our results showed workplace errors (including lapses in general memory, blunders, distractions and recall of names) were related to lower levels of mindfulness and to lower levels of emotional stability (that is, the other end of the neuroticism- emotional stability continuum). Extraversion was associated with not making blunders, but the other three factors of the Big Five (Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness) were not found to be related to workplace errors. These results demonstrate important relationships between mindfulness and workplace errors; and personality (mainly Neuroticism- Emotional Stability) and workplace errors. Giving special attention to mindfulness training and to effective mental health training in organisations is recommended, especially where lapses in attention or workplace actions can lead to costly personal and organisational mistakes.
Exploring the transcriptomic data of the Australian paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus
Authors: Ong CT , Rodriguez-Valle M , Moolhuijzen PM , Barrero RA , Hunter A , Szabo T , Bellgard MI , Lew-Tabor AE 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIxodes holocyclus is the paralysis tick commonly found in Australia. I. holocyclus does not cause paralysis in the primary host – bandicoots, but markedly affects secondary hosts such as companion animals, livestock and humans. Holocyclotoxins are the neurotoxin molecules in I. holocyclus responsible for paralysis symptoms. There is a limited understanding of holocyclotoxins due to the difficulties in purifying and expressing these toxins in vitro. Next-generation sequencing technologies were utilised for the first time to generate transcriptome data from two cDNA samples –salivary glands samples collected from female adult ticks engorged on paralysed companion animals and on bandicoots. Contig-encoded proteins in each library were annotated according to their best BLAST match against several databases and functionally assigned into six protein categories: housekeeping, transposable elements, pathogen-related, hypothetical, secreted and novel. The “secreted protein” category is comprised of ten protein families: enzymes, protease inhibitors, antigens, mucins, immunity-related, lipocalins, glycine-rich, putative secreted, salivary and toxin-like. Comparisons of contig representation between the two libraries reveal the differential expression of tick proteins collected from different hosts. This study provides a preliminary description of the I. holocyclus tick salivary gland transcriptome.
lab: an R package for generating analysis-ready data from laboratory records
Authors: Tseng Yi-Ju , Chen Chun Ju , Chang Chia Wei 
Published: August 2023

Background
Electronic health records (EHRs) play a crucial role in healthcare decision-making by giving physicians insights into disease progression and suitable treatment options. Within EHRs, laboratory test results are frequently utilized for predicting disease progression. However, processing laboratory test results often poses challenges due to variations in units and formats. In addition, leveraging the temporal information in EHRs can improve outcomes, prognoses, and diagnosis predication. Nevertheless, the irregular frequency of the data in these records necessitates data preprocessing, which can add complexity to time-series analyses.

Methods
To address these challenges, we developed an open-source R package that facilitates the extraction of temporal information from laboratory records. The proposed lab package generates analysis-ready time series data by segmenting the data into time-series windows and imputing missing values. Moreover, users can map local laboratory codes to the Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC), an international standard. This mapping allows users to incorporate additional information, such as reference ranges and related diseases. Moreover, the reference ranges provided by LOINC enable us to categorize results into normal or abnormal. Finally, the analysis-ready time series data can be further summarized using descriptive statistics and utilized to develop models using machine learning technologies.

Results
Using the lab package, we analyzed data from MIMIC-III, focusing on newborns with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). We extracted time-series laboratory records and compared the differences in test results between patients with and without 30-day in-hospital mortality. We then identified significant variations in several laboratory test results 7 days after PDA diagnosis. Leveraging the time series–analysis-ready data, we trained a prediction model with the long short-term memory algorithm, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83 for predicting 30-day in-hospital mortality in model training. These findings demonstrate the lab package’s effectiveness in analyzing disease progression.

Conclusions
The proposed lab package simplifies and expedites the workflow involved in laboratory records extraction. This tool is particularly valuable in assisting clinical data analysts in overcoming the obstacles associated with heterogeneous and sparse laboratory records.
Identification of novel key markers that are induced during traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: Li Yucheng , Li Ningbo , Luan Changjiao , Pei Yunlong , Zheng Qingbin , Yan Bingchun , Ma Xingjie , Liu Weili 
Published: August 2023

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has emerged as an increasing public health problem but has not been well studied, particularly the mechanisms of brain cellular behaviors during TBI.

Methods
In this study, we established an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) brain injury mice model using transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) strategy. After then, RNA-sequencing of frontal lobes was performed to screen key inducers during TBI. To further verify the selected genes, we collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from TBI patients within 24 h who attended intensive care unit (ICU) in the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University and analyzed the genes expression using RT-qPCR. Finally, the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and co-expression with cellular senescence markers were applied to evaluate the predictive value of the genes.

Results
A total of six genes were screened out from the RNA-sequencing based on their novelty in TBI and implications in apoptosis and cellular senescence signaling. RT-qPCR analysis of PBMCs from patients showed the six genes were all up-regulated during TBI after comparing with healthy volunteers who attended the hospital for physical examination. The area under ROC (AUC) curves were all >0.7, and the co-expression scores of the six genes with senescence markers were all significantly positive. We thus identified TGM1, TGM2, ATF3, RCN3, ORAI1 and ITPR3 as novel key markers that are induced during TBI, and these markers may also serve as potential predictors for the progression of TBI.
A Study on Consumer Preference for Coconut Milk in Bangalore City
Authors: Bowya V. , Mahendran K. , Divya K. , Parimalrangan R. , Nalina L. 
Published: August 2023

Aims: This study aimed to analyze consumer preferences for coconut milk, exploring association between consumer profiles and demographics. Additionally, it investigated factors that influenced buying behaviour of coconut milk consumers. The study provided insights into consumer education, income, age, and gender profiles concerning coconut milk, offering an understanding of the brands they preferred. Factor analysis revealed the forces shaping consumers' coconut milk purchase choices and brand preferences. These findings provided practical insights for refining producer and marketer strategies to meet consumer demands and enhance competitiveness in a dynamic market landscape.
Study Design: Descriptive research design.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out in Bangalore City, during July 2023, primary data was collected from a random sample of respondents.
Methodology: The study specifically targeted a sample size of 60 consumers. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the sample respondents. The study deployed Factor analysis to assess the factors that influence the consumer purchase Behaviour of coconut milk and priorities regarding various attributes of coconut milk.
Results: This study indicated that the majority of respondents were female (68.30%). The largest age group was 26-35 years (43.30%), and most respondents had an annual income of ₹6.00 lakhs - ₹8.00 lakhs (30%). About half of the respondents held Bachelor's degrees (50%), and the majority were employed (66.60%). Factor analysis provided that External perception factors comprised three factors namely Brand reputation, Availability, and Packaging with a variance of 32.378 percent that were the most influenced factors for the purchase of coconut milk by consumers.
Conclusion: Analyzing consumer profiles factor analysis provided vital insights for the coconut milk industry. These findings offer guidance for refining producer and marketer strategies to meet consumer demands and excel in a rapidly changing market environment. Tailoring product availability, packaging, pricing, and sustainability, in alignment with consumer preferences will effectively improve reach and meet consumer expectations in the coconut milk market.
Clinical Features and Prognoses of Patients With Breast Cancer Who Underwent Surgery
Authors: Liu Gang , Kong Xiangyi , Dai Qichen , Cheng Han , Wang Jing , Gao Jidong , Wang Yipeng 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceBreast cancer (BC) remains a pervasive malignant neoplasm worldwide, with increasing incidence. However, there are a scarcity of studies examining the clinical characteristics and prognosis of Chinese patients with BC who have undergone surgery.ObjectiveTo evaluate overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with surgically treated BC in China, focusing on histopathology and surgical approach.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included a retrospective review of the medical records of patients with unilateral BC who underwent surgery between January 2009 and September 2017, with a median follow-up time of 7.69 years. Clinical features were extracted from these records, and survival analysis was performed. Data analysis was conducted in March 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPatients’ OS and DFS.ResultsThe study included 14 782 patients (14 724 [99.6%] female patients; mean [SD] age, 51.6 [10.9] years). Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the most prevalent type, observed in 12 671 patients (85.6%). Stages 0, I, II, III, and IV accounted for 6.4% (919 patients), 32.0% (4579 patients), 40.5% (5791 patients), 20.2% (2896 patients), and 0.9% (126 patients) of cases, respectively. Hormone receptor (HR) positivity was observed in 10 241 patients (75.1%), and 3665 (29.1%) tested positive for ERBB2 (formerly HER2/neu). The HR-negative–ERBB2-negative, HR-negative–ERBB2-positive, HR-positive–ERBB2-negative, and HR-positive–ERBB2-positive subtypes constituted 13.3% (1666 patients), 12.7% (1595 patients), 57.8% (7251 patients), and 16.2% (2034 patients) of cases, respectively. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) was performed in 2884 patients (19.5%). The 5-year and 10-year OS rates were 92.9% (13 689 of 14 732) and 87.4% (3287 of 3760), while the 5-year and 10-year DFS rates were 89.0% (12 916 of 14 512) and 82.9% (3078 of 3713), respectively. Multivariate analysis found that for patients with IDC, age, BCS, invasive tumor size, tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), the number of lymph node metastases (LNMs), distant metastasis, Ki67, and HR status were associated with OS, whereas invasive tumor size, tumor grade, LVI, the number of LNMs, HR status, and ERBB2 status were associated with DFS. After propensity score matching, BCS was equivalent to mastectomy with respect to survival in patients with IDC.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study of patients with BC who underwent surgery in China provides valuable insights into the histopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of this population. The diverse histopathological features emphasize the necessity for customized treatment strategies. The relatively low BCS rate in the study population suggests the need for heightened awareness and adoption of this approach, considering its potential advantages for survival.
Disulfide‐Bridged Dynamic Covalent Triazine Polymer Thin Films by Interface Polymerization: High Refractive Index with Excellent Optical Transparency
Authors: Begum Salma , Kutonova Ksenia , Mauri Anna , Koenig Meike , Chan Ka Chun , Sprau Christian , Dolle Christian , Trouillet Vanessa , Hassan Zahid , Leonhard Tobias , Heißler Stefan , Eggeler Yolita M. , Wenzel Wolfgang , Kozlowska Mariana , Bräse Stefan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExploring innovative strategies for molecular structuring of dynamic materials that combine self‐correcting intrinsic reversibility with the robustness of covalent bonds, has been a long‐standing objective from applications perspective in fields ranging from molecular engineering to nanotechnology and interfacial science. To establish dynamic covalent chemistry approaches combined with interfacial polymerization, herein, a distinct synthetic approach is reported to develop disulfide‐bridged 2D polymeric C3N3S3 triazine thin‐films by interfacial thiol‐disulfide dynamic exchange process crosslinking tritopic planar 1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐trithiol molecular tectons via intermolecular disulfide formation in the presence of I2 vapors at the air/water interface under redox condition. The resulting centimeter‐scale polymeric thin‐films are covalently cross‐linked, dynamic in nature, featuring tunable thickness (6–200 nm) and significant morphological variations are realized under the influence of varying reaction time, concentration and types of reducing agents. Notably, C3N3S3 polymer thin films exhibit a transflectance of around 99.5% in the range from 430 to 1800 nm, show high refractive indices (1.730–1.488) and optical anisotropy with uniaxial negative birefringence. The C3N3S3 free‐standing polymer thin‐films can be easily transferred to different substrates or possibly into application‐relevant forms for device fabrications, making this useful from materials application perspective.
Light‐Induced Dielectric Enhancement in a 2D Dion–Jacobson Type Perovskite Phase Transition Material
Authors: Gao Changhao , Xu Haojie , Guo Wuqian , Liu Yi , Fan Qingshun , Ma Yu , Yang Tian , Li Wenjing , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStimuli‐responsive materials, showing bistable behaviors between two distinct states under external stimuli, can be potentially applied as basic components of modern electrical and electronic devices. 2D hybrid perovskites hold a promise to switch and tune dielectric bistability based on their solid‐state phase transitions. Here, strong dielectric enhancements are successfully actualized by virtue of light illumination in a Dion–Jacobson (DJ) type 2D hybrid perovskite, (HDA)(MA)2Pb3Br10 (1, where HDA is 1,6‐hexanediammonium and MA is methylammonium). Upon heating, 1 exhibits an ordered–disordered phase transition ≈ 324 K (Tc), accompanying a transition from its low to high dielectric state. Strikingly, its light‐induced dielectric constant changes are greatly enhanced with a magnitude up to 250% near the Tc, superior to most traditional inorganic phase transition materials. This process closely relates to the photoexcited dielectric effect that is caused by the interband photo‐excitation. Benefitting from the stability of DJ‐type perovskite structure, the switching cycles of dielectric enhancement display operational stability with superior anti‐fatigue characteristics. As per the knowledge, the findings of this strong dielectric enhancement are unprecedented in the family of 2D DJ‐type hybrid perovskites, which will facilitate broad interest in exploiting new stimuli‐responsive materials to assemble high‐performance smart electronic devices.
Hydroaminoalkyl Functionalization of Pyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones by Visible Light Organophotocatalysis: A Radical Approach to Biginelli‐Type Dihydropyrimidines
Authors: Lukianov Oleh , Tkachuk Viktor , Shishkina Svitlana , Lachmann Leonid , Vadzyuk Olga , Borysko Petro , Kovalskyy Dmytro , Gillaizeau Isabelle , Sukach Volodymyr 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a visible‐light‐mediated hydroaminoalkylation of pyrimidin‐2(1H)‐onesviathe aza‐Giese‐type reaction in presence of acridinium dye as photocatalyst under mild aerobic conditions. UsingN‐Boc protected aminoalkyl trifluoroborates as radical precursors and various pyrimidine‐2(1H)‐one substrates, a diverse set of Biginelli‐type 3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones was prepared in 31–73% yields. Further transformation of the products obtained enabled the synthesis of 3,6,7,7a‐tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine‐2,5‐dione derivatives which showed promise as inhibitors of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes (IC50 0.46–1.12 μM for PARP‐2 in a fluorometric assay).
Design of motifs interfacial interactions by co‐evolved analysis of D‐amino acid dehydrogenase for stability enhancement
Authors: Ji Zhehui , Zhang Qian , Duan Lingxuan , Dong Lingling , Wang Shizhen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo design D‐amino acid dehydrogenase (DAADH) for enhanced stability, the interactions of the subunit interfaces of DAADH were analyzed. Interaction network analysis of DAADH indicated that there are only weak interactions between the A and B subunits. Several co‐evolved residue pairs were selected for mutation to enhance interfacial interactions of subunits, and 11 designed DAADHs were obtained. DA06 and DA11 were selected for experimental verification for their salt bridges are 1.4 and 1.2‐fold of that of DAwild, respectively. DA11 can maintain 93% activity in 80°C, while it was only 40% for DAwild. Thermostability study indicated the half‐life of DA11 was 2‐fold of DAwild. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the extraordinary stability of the DA11 was due to the formation of extra interfacial salt bridges. The article provides a strategy of mutations outside the active site of enzyme by co‐evolutionary analysis which can reduce the effect of the activity‐thermostability trade‐off.
Perioperative Risk Assessment for Skin Injury
Authors: Kozhimala Kathryn , Crowley‐Barnett Jennifer , Dobbie Mary , Delmore Barbara , Chau Jasmine , Flood Joan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTHospital‐acquired pressure injuries create a tremendous cost to health care organizations and negatively affect quality and patient safety. Surgical patients are at an increased risk for skin injury, particularly a pressure injury, because of a lack of sensation and immobility during a procedure. An interprofessional team at our facility identified factors that place surgical patients at risk for skin injury. We developed a risk assessment protocol in March 2021 using the Six Sigma DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) method. After data review and analysis, we identified age of 65 years or older, existence of a skin condition, and procedural duration greater than four hours as significant predictors for postoperative skin injury. Our findings reinforce the benefit of using an appropriate risk assessment protocol that alerts the perioperative team members to at‐risk patients.