bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue properties of a structural rotor blade adhesive under axial and torsional loading
Authors: Kuhn Michael , Manousides Nikolas , Antoniou Alexandros , Balzani Claudio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAxial and torsional fatigue tests at different stress ratios were performed on a structural adhesive designed for wind turbine rotor blades. By employing previously optimized specimens, fatigue properties were recorded without influences of manufacturing‐induced defects such as pores. The Stüssi S–N model was an excellent fit to the data and was combined with a Haibach extension line to account for uncertainties in the gigacycle fatigue regime. A comparison of the results with hand‐mixed specimens revealed significant and load level‐dependent differences, indicating that manufacturing safety factors should be applied to the slope of the S–N curve. The experiments were accompanied by stiffness degradation measurements, which enabled an analysis of Young's and shear modulus degradation interactions. The degradation was modeled using power law fits, which incorporated load level‐dependent fitting parameters to allow for a full description of the stiffness reduction and a prediction of the residual fatigue life of run‐out specimens.
Sarcopenia and decline in appendicular skeletal muscle mass are associated with hypoperfusion in key hubs of central autonomic network on 3DSRT in older adults with progression of normal cognition to Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Demura Taichi , Okuno Tazuo , Miwa Takaki , Iritani Osamu , Nakano Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Junpei , Shiga Hideaki , Kodera Kumie , Morimoto Chihiro , Demura Noboru , Morimoto Shigeto 
Published: December 2022

AimAlthough sarcopenia is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), the neural substrates involved remain unclear. We investigated the relationship between sarcopenia, as well as its definition components, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in older adults with progression of normal cognition to AD.Methods99mTc‐ethyl‐cysteinate‐dimer single‐photon emission computed tomography was carried out in 95 older adults with progression of normal cognition to AD (40 men and 55 women, mean ± SD age 80.9 ± 6.8 years). The associations of rCBF determined by 3‐D stereotactic region of interest template software, with sarcopenia and its definition components, slower gait speed, weaker grip strength, and decline in appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were analyzed.ResultsLogistic regression analysis adjusted by age, sex, mini‐mental state examination score and education showed that sarcopenia as well as ASMI less than the cut‐off (men 7.0 kg/m2, women 5.7 kg/m2) were associated with significantly reduced rCBF in the key hub of the central autonomic network, including the insula, anterior cingulate cortex, subcallosal area, rectal gyrus, hypothalamus, amygdala and caudate head. Sarcopenia and ASMI decline were associated with hypoperfusion in the aforementioned cortical hubs of the central autonomic network in men, but with hypoperfusion of the hypothalamus in women. Linear regression analysis showed significant correlations of ASMI/cut‐off with rCBF in the bilateral medial frontal cortex, as well as rCBF in the aforementioned key hubs.ConclusionsHypoperfusion in key hubs of central autonomic network is implicated in the emergence of sarcopenia, probably through ASMI decline in vulnerable older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 16–24.
Risk Assessment of Radon Exposure by Ingestion and Inhalation of Groundwater Within Different Age Groups
Authors: Mamun Al , Alazmi Amira Salman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRadon and its short‐lived progeny are exposed to most human exposures as a natural source of radiation. Many studies have presumed that one of the most common incidences of lung cancer, colon cancer, and stomach cancer is caused by radon‐contaminated water. In this study, water was collected from different groundwater sources in the Hafr Al Batin area, Saudi Arabia, and the radon concentration was investigated using an electronic portable radon detector. The annual effective dose of radon exposure by ingestion and inhalation of water is calculated from that radon concentration for the different age groups to assess the risk of radon exposure. The calculated annual effective doses are then compared with the international standard of risk limit as directed by the international organizations. The estimated radon concentration for groundwater samples is found to be between 0.03 and 3.20 Bq/L with an average value of 1.16 Bq/L. These estimated values are below the safety limits set by the USEPA and EAEC and far below those recommended by the UNSCEAR, EC, and WHO standards. The calculated annual effective dose of radon exposure for the different age groups ranging from infant to adult is found to be in the range of 0.05 to 16.24 μSv/year, with a mean value of 5.89 μSv/year, which is in the safe limit recommended by the EC and WHO. The obtained results of this present study will support the authority and regulators who are responsible for controlling and strategizing to ensure public safety against radon exposure.
TROP2, androgen receptor, and PD‐L1 status in histological subtypes of high‐grade metaplastic breast carcinomas
Authors: Chartier Suzanne , Brochard Camille , Martinat Charlotte , Coussy Florence , Feron Jean‐Guillaume , Kirova Youlia , Cottu Paul , Marchiò Caterina , Vincent‐Salomon Anne 
Published: December 2022

AimsHigh‐grade metaplastic breast carcinoma (HG‐MBC) is a rare subtype of invasive breast carcinoma, mostly triple‐negative. Metaplastic carcinomas are less responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and are associated with a worse outcome than invasive carcinomas of no special type.MethodsClinicopathological characteristics and immunophenotype were retrospectively assessed in a series of 65 patients diagnosed with HG‐MBC between 2005 and 2017 at the Curie Institute (antibody panel: oestrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], androgen receptor [AR], human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2], programmed death ligand‐1 [PD‐L1], and trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 [TROP2]).ResultsThe median age at diagnosis was 59.5 years. Six (9%) patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Among the nonmetastatic patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy, 26% (5/19) achieved pathological complete response. Most tumours were pT1/pT2 (77%) and 12% were pN+. Histological subtypes (mixed, squamous, mesenchymal, and spindle cell) were 40%, 35.5%, 15.5%, and 9%, respectively. Tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes were low or moderate except when squamous differentiation was present. Most tumours were triple‐negative (92%). AR and TROP2 were positive in 34% and 85% of the cases, respectively. PD‐L1 was positive in tumour cells in 18% (cutoff: 1% of positive tumour cells) of the cases and in tumour‐infiltrating immune cells in 40% (cutoff: 1% of tumour area) of the cases. Notably, spindle cell and mesenchymal metaplastic breast carcinomas were mostly PDL1‐negative. Lastly, 21 (32.3%) cases were HER2‐low, all being HER2 1+, with no HER2 2+.ConclusionMetaplastic breast carcinoma could benefit from tailored therapeutic strategies adapted to the phenotypic specificities of histological subtypes.
REPRESENTING SPATIAL CONCEPTS: MODERN EAST ASIAN HISTORY IN A DIGITAL PUBLICATION FORMAT
Authors: Wachter Christian 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTHow do we adequately capture multivocal history? What are good ways to represent multiple narratives and arguments in an open‐ended fashion? The online publication Bodies and Structures 2.0: Deep‐Mapping Modern East Asian History, edited by David R. Ambaras and Kate McDonald, addresses these questions for modern East Asian spatial history. Mainly a tool for teaching and research, the website works by interlinking historiographical information and primary sources. Complementarily, Bodies and Structures 2.0 displays all its contents via a set of visualizations. In this review essay, I argue that this multimodal format is innovative on two ends. First, the site convincingly implements what earlier research on hypertext and visualization has long sought—namely, to exceed traditional text and its limitations to represent intricate matters neatly. This is because of these media formats’ semiotic efficiency in analytically representing complex wholes and their parts. Second, Bodies and Structures 2.0 successfully translates its multivocal concept of spatial history into an interactive multimodal user experience. All in all, it demonstrates that representing concepts is not just about the applied language of narrative and argumentation; it is also about the publication's form. Bodies and Structures 2.0, therefore, is an exciting work from the perspective of theory of history.
Preparation of SiCf/Si–O–C composites by impregnation pyrolysis of polysiloxane and its electromagnetic wave absorption properties
Authors: Xing Boying , Ding Donghai , Xiao Guoqing , Yang Ning , Lei Changkun , Luo Jiyuan , Mu Yan , Chong Xiaochuan , Jing Chenxi , Luo Xinya , Cheng Hualei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHigh‐temperature structural electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials are increasing in demand because they can simultaneously possess the functions of mechanical load‐bearing, heatproof, and EMW absorption. Herein, SiCf/Si–O–C composites were prepared by precursor impregnation pyrolysis using continuous SiC fibers needled felt as reinforcement and polysiloxane as a precursor, respectively. The phase composition, microstructure, complex permittivity, and EMW absorption properties of SiCf/Si–O–C composites after annealing at various temperatures were investigated. The annealing at 1400–1500°C affects positively the EMW absorption performance of the composites, because the β‐SiC microcrystals and SiC nanowires were generated by the activation of carbothermal reduction reaction in the composites, and the aspect ratio of SiC nanowires increased with the rise of temperature. The composites exhibit optimal EMW absorption performance, with the effective absorption bandwidth covering the entire X‐band and the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −32.8 dB at 4.0 mm when the annealing temperature is raised to 1500°C. This is because that the impedance matching is improved as the rising of ε′ and decreasing of ε″ due to the conversion of free carbon in the composite into SiC nanowires.
Better explaining the benefits why AI? Analyzing the impact of explaining the benefits of AI‐supported selection on applicant responses
Authors: Köchling Alina , Wehner Marius Claus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the increasing popularity of AI‐supported selection tools, knowledge about the actions that can be taken by organizations to increase AI acceptance is still in its infancy, even though multiple studies point out that applicants react negatively to the implementation of AI‐supported selection tools. Therefore, this study investigates ways to alter applicant reactions to AI‐supported selection. Using a scenario‐based between‐subject design with participants from the working population (N = 200), we varied the information provided by the organization about the reasons for using an AI‐supported selection process (no additional information vs. written information vs. video information) in comparison to a human selection process. Results show that the use of AI without information and with written information decreased perceived fairness, personableness perception, and increased emotional creepiness. In turn, perceived fairness, personableness perceptions, and emotional creepiness mediated the association between an AI‐supported selection process, organizational attractiveness, and the intention to further proceed with the selection process. Moreover, results did not differ for applicants who were provided video explanations of the benefits of AI‐supported selection tools and those who participated in an actual human selection process. Important implications for research and practice are discussed.
‘So near and yet so far’: the early women of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians – the first 20 female MRACP 1938–1947
Authors: Storey Catherine E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAt the time of the inauguration of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians in 1938, there were 232 Foundation Fellows, but only five were women. Those who wished to gain a postgraduate qualification for internal medicine or related specialties then sat for Membership of the new College. In the first decade (1938–1947), 250 gained Membership, but only 20 were women. These women lived in an era of professional and societal restrictions. Still, they all showed great determination and contributed significantly to their chosen fields, while many combined a busy practice with family life. They improved the path for those women who followed. Their stories, however, are rarely reported.
Psychometric evaluation of the Wound‐QoL questionnaire to assess health‐related quality of life in Chinese people with chronic wounds
Authors: Wei Min , Yang Qian , Ji Huiming , Yu Xiujuan , Qiu Yansen , Ji Yihong , Yang Dongliang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic wounds are very common wound types in clinics which have a prolonged and painful healing process. Chronic wounds affect health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) on patients. However, there is no specific instrument to measure the HRQoL in Chinese patients with chronic wounds. Wound‐QoL is a questionnaire targeted the experience of health‐related life to patients with chronic wounds. The study aims to translate and cross‐culturally adapt the Wound‐QoL into Chinese and to evaluate its psychometric properties (validity, reliability, floor, and ceiling effect) in a convenience sample of 203 Chinese outpatients with chronic wounds. Reliability was good, with internal consistency of 0.798–0.960 and test–retest reliability of 0.720–0.838. Criterion‐related validity was assessed by the correlation coefficient between Wound‐QoL and generic European QoL instrument‐ EQ‐5D‐5L, which was found statistically significant (P<.001). No signs of floor or ceiling effect could be detected. Further, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the reliability and validity of the instrument in this study. In conclusion, the Chinese Wound‐QoL is a valid and reliable tool for measuring HRQoL in populations with chronic wounds.
Application of ultrasound technology for extraction of color pigments from plant sources and their potential bio‐functional properties: A review
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Upadhyay Srishti , Yadav Dhiraj Kumar , Malakar Santanu , Dhurve Priyanka , Suri Shweta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNatural colorants/pigments are nowadays gaining popularity due to increased consumer awareness and severe health problems caused by the use of synthetic pigments. The efficient extraction of natural pigments from different plant sources leads to their effective application as substitutes for synthetic pigments in the food processing sector. In the present review, authors discussed the mechanistic approach of a novel ultrasonication technique in the extraction of natural color pigments having potential bio‐functional characteristics leading to numerous health benefits. The recent advancements in the ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) of plant pigments including anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids, and chlorophyll were explored. The most significant observations were that the extraction efficiency improved due to the phenomenon of cavitation, low installation and maintenance costs, and reduced energy requirement. Further, the optimum extraction conditions, stability, and bio‐accessibility of the pigment compound significantly impact the process parameters. Moreover, recent progress in enhancing the performance of the UAE technique was addressed.Practical applicationsUltrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) is an effective way to improve the recovery of natural pigments from plants. Ultrasound treatment is a novel green extraction technology that offers a wide range of benefits. The present review conveys a better understanding of UAE mechanisms and optimum conditions of extracted pigments from different plant sources for their effective use as a natural colorant in food applications on an industrial scale.
Preparation of yeast flakes enriched with iron and vitamin B12 using a pulsed electric field technology
Authors: Nowosad Karolina , Sujka Monika , Wyrostek Jakub 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study pulsed electric field (PEF) was used to increase accumulation of iron and vitamin B12 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which were then used to produce flakes. The yeast was enriched in two ways: only by adding iron salt (FeCl3·6H2O) and vitamin B12 to the culture medium and by additional application of PEF. Three trials of yeast flakes were prepared: C1 (control, not supplemented), C2—with B12 and iron salt and not treated with PEF, and P—with B12 and iron salt and treated with PEF (for 20 min at 10 μs pulse width, voltage of 1500 V, a number of pulses 1200 and field frequency 1 Hz). The use of PEF resulted in higher iron and vitamin B12 accumulation, respectively, 2.5‐ and 1.4‐fold for the sample P compared to the sample C2. The potential bioavailability of iron from yeast flakes was 10.13% and vitamin B12–4.31%, and the quality of this product was rated good by a sensory panel.
Midwife‐Led Ultrasound Scanning to Date Pregnancy in Malawi: Development of a Novel Training Program
Authors: Viner Alexandra , Membe‐Gadama Gladys , Whyte Sonia , Kayambo Doris , Masamba Martha , Martin Caroline J. Hollins , Magowan Brian , Reynolds Rebecca M. , Stock Sarah J , Freyne Bridget , Gadama Luis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe use of ultrasound to determine gestational age is fundamental to the optimum management of pregnancy and is recommended for all women by the World Health Organization. However, this modality remains unavailable to many women in low‐income countries where trained practitioners are scarce. Although previous initiatives have demonstrated efficacy in training midwives and technicians to perform antenatal ultrasound, these programs have often been too long and too complex to be realistic within the specific constraints of this context, highlighting the need for a novel and pragmatic approach. We describe the development and piloting of a bespoke course to teach midwives 3 fundamental components of early antenatal ultrasound scanning: (1) to identify the number of fetuses, (2) to confirm fetal viability, and (3) to determine gestational age. Having established that 5 days is insufficient, we propose that the minimum duration required to train ultrasound‐naive midwives to competency is 10 days. Our completed program therefore consists of one and one‐half days of didactic teaching, followed by 8 and one‐half days of supervised hands‐on practical training in which trainees are assessed on their skills. This package has subsequently been successfully implemented across 6 sites in Malawi, where 28 midwives have achieved competency. By describing the processes involved in our cross‐continental collaboration, we explain how unexpected challenges helped shape and improve our program, demonstrating the value of preimplementation piloting and a pragmatic and adaptive approach.
Complete digital workflow for prosthesis prototype fabrication with double digital scanning: A retrospective study with 45 edentulous jaws
Authors: Papaspyridakos Panos , Vazouras Konstantinos , Gotsis Sotirios , Bokhary Abdullah , Sicilia Elena , Kudara Yukio , Bedrossian Armand , Chochlidakis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess the accuracy of fit of complete‐arch printed prosthesis prototypes generated with a digital workflow protocol for completely edentulous jaws.Materials and methodsForty‐five edentulous jaws (35 patients) underwent intraoral complete‐arch digital scans with the double digital scanning (DDS) technique and the generated standard tessellation language (STL) files were superimposed and imported into computer‐aided design software. After STL merging, each master STL file was used for printing a prosthesis prototype. The primary outcome was the accuracy of fit assessment of the printed prototypes on verified master stone casts. Two experienced clinicians tested the accuracy of fit with radiographs and screw‐resistance tests. Secondary outcomes were the effect of the scan body shape and implant number on the accuracy of fit.ResultsOut of the 45 DDS‐generated prosthesis prototypes, 39 presented with accurate fit on verified master stone casts, yielding an 86.70% accuracy of fit. Cylindrical scan bodies led to 100% accuracy of fit (25/25), whereas polygonal scan bodies presented with 70% accuracy of fit (14/20). Four implant‐supported prostheses yielded 100% accuracy of fit (12/12), compared with 25/29 (86.30%) accuracy of fit for the six‐implant‐supported ones. Fisher's exact test was used to assess the effect of different scan body shapes (p = 0.005) and implant number on accuracy of fit. Chi‐squared test was used to assess the association between the number of implants per arch and the accuracy of fit (p = 0.039).ConclusionsThirty‐nine out of 45 complete‐arch prosthesis prototypes generated with a completely digital workflow presented with clinically acceptable fit. The effect of the scan body design and implant number was statistically significant, favoring cylindrical scan bodies and four‐implant‐supported prostheses.
“Grandpa was fatally administered by the Bulgarians1”: Family narratives, national identity, and state history
Authors: Takovski Aleksandar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGrandparents’ World War Two (WWII) stories are emotionally powerful, intimate accounts of firsthand experience that can shape grandchildren's ideas of state history, nation, and identity. This effect, I argue, manifests most intensively in critical times when national history and identity are threatened. Such was the case when former Macedonian Prime Minister Zoran Zaev relayed a controversial version of Macedonian national history and identity in a TV interview. In reaction, many Macedonian citizens shared fragments of their grandparents’ WWII stories. This study analyzes several more detailed versions of these grandparents’ narratives in order to ascertain the formative power of family WWII stories over one's personal sense of national identity. To do so, it will examine the positioning practices of the present‐day narrators, the grandchildren of WWII participants, focusing on the manners in which they interactively reproduce their own sense of national identity vis‐a‐vis‐these stories.