bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bowen ratio and evapotranspiration dynamics of oil palm
Authors: ASYURA MUHAMMAD FAJAR , JUNE TANIA , SALMAYENTI RESTI 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Asyura MF, June T, Salmayenti R. 2023. Bowen ratio and evapotranspiration dynamics of oil palm. Intl J Trop Drylands 7: 37-45. To optimize its biophysical processes, plant needs water and this requirement can be quantified as Evapotranspiration (ET). There are various methods for estimating ET from a vegetated surface, and Bowen ratio is one method commonly used for agricultural purposes. We use Bowen ratio method to estimate ET from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantation in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VI, Batang Hari, Jambi Province, Indonesia for the period 2014-2015 using observed micrometeorology data and looked at the strength of micrometeorological components in influencing the daily and diurnal patterns, which include net radiation (Rnetto), heat fluxes (latent LE and sensible H), actual vapor pressure (ea), soil moisture (SM), wind speed (WS), air temperature (Ta), ground heat fluxes (G), and LE-H. We found that the daily pattern of Bowen ratio was strongly influenced by LE-H, LE, H, SM, shown by a correlation coefficient of -0.85, -0.75, 0.84, -0.58, respectively. The diurnal pattern of Bowen ratio was affected by ea with a correlation coefficient of -0.52, while daily ET was strongly influenced by Rnetto, LE-H, H, Bowen ratio with a correlation coefficient of 0.85, 0.95, -0.63, -0.75 respectively. WS, Ta, Rnetto, G, ea, RH and LE-H affected diurnal ET with a correlation coefficient of 0.72, 0.72, 0.96, 0.89, 0.51, -0.64 and 0.9, respectively. Within this period of 2014-2015 there were 7 months where rainfall was greater than ET (wet period December 2014 to April 2015, November 2015) and 5 months where rainfall was lower than ET (dry period May 2015 to October 2015). During this long dry period of 2015, caused by strong El Nino events, oil palms became vulnerable to drought.
METER (Mental health emergency response) program: Findings of psychological impact status and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among healthcare workers in public hospital in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Muhamad Nor Asiah , Subhas Natasha , Mustapha Normi , Abdullah Norni , Muhamad Rasat Muhammad Arif , AB Ghani Rimah Melati , Tahir Fatin Athira , Ishak Anne Nik Ismaliza , Sivasubramaniam Vevehkanandar , Hassan Alinazarine , Goh William Wei Liang , Teng Kok Liang , Abdul Manan Ainul Izzah , Mokhtar Rosmawati , Baljit Singh Amrit Kaur , Ng Kher Shean 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has become the greatest challenge of the new millennium. Most healthcare workers (HCWs) experienced unprecedented levels of workload since the pandemic. This study aims to identify the prevalence and factors of depression, anxiety and stress among HCWs in Malaysian healthcare facilities in the midst of the pandemic due to the SARs-CoV-2.

Methods
An emergency response programme on mental health was conducted from June to September 2020. A standardized data collection form was distributed among the HCWs in the government hospital in Klang Valley. The form contained basic demographic information and the self-reported Malay version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale (BM DASS-21).

Results
Of the1,300 staff who attended the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Covid-19 (MHPSS COVID-19) programme, 996 staff (21.6% male, 78.4% female) completed the online survey (response rate: 76.6%). Result showed that staff aged above 40 years old were almost two times more likely to have anxiety (AOR = 1.632; 95% CI = 1.141–2.334, p:0.007) and depression (AOR = 1.637; 95% CI = 1.1.06–2.423, p:0.014) as compared to staff who were less than 40 years old. Those who had direct involvement with COVID-19 patients were likely to suffer stress (AOR = 0.596; 95% CI = 0.418–0.849, p:0.004), anxiety (AOR = 0.706; 95% Ci = 0.503–0.990, p:0.044) and depression (AOR = 0.630; 95% Ci = 0.427–0.928, p:0.019). HCWs with stress (AOR = 0.638; 95% CI of 0.476–0.856, p = 0.003), anxiety (AOR = 0.720; 95% CI 0.542–0.958, p = 0.024) and depression (AOR = 0.657; 95% CI 0.480–0.901, p = 0.009) showed less confidence to treat critically ill patients and need psychological help during outbreak.

Conclusion
This study showed the importance of psychosocial support to reduce psychological distress among HCWs when working or coping during the COVID-19 pandemic or outbreak.
Combination of ultra-rapid DNA purification (PURE) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for rapid detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in dried blood spots
Authors: Longhi Silvia A. , García Casares Lady J. , Muñoz-Calderón Arturo A. , Alonso-Padilla Julio , Schijman Alejandro G. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, is a persistent Public Health problem in Latin America and other, non-endemic, countries. Point-of-care (POC) sensitive methods are still needed to improve and extend early diagnosis in acute infections such as congenital Chagas disease. The objective of this study was to analytically evaluate in the lab the performance of a qualitative POC molecular test (Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), Eiken, Japan) for rapid diagnosis of congenital Chagas disease employing FTA cards or Whatman 903 filter paper as solid supports for small-scale volumes of human blood.

Methodology/principal findings
We used human blood samples artificially infected with cultured T. cruzi strains to assess the analytical performance of the test in comparison with liquid blood anticoagulated with heparin. The DNA extraction process was evaluated using the ultrarapid purification system PURE manufactured by Eiken Chemical Company (Tokio, Japan) over artificially infected liquid blood or different amounts of dried blood spot (DBS) 3- and 6-mm pieces of FTA and Whatman 903 paper. LAMP was performed on a AccuBlock (LabNet, USA) heater or in the Loopamp LF-160 incubator (Eiken, Japan), and visualization of results was either done at naked eye, using the LF-160 device or P51 Molecular Fluorescence Viewer (minipcr bio, USA). Best conditions tested showed a limit of detection (LoD) with 95% accuracy (19/20 replicates) of 5 and 20 parasites/mL, respectively for heparinized fluid blood or DBS samples. FTA cards showed better specificity than Whatman 903 filter paper.

Conclusions/significance
Procedures to operate LAMP reactions from small volumes of fluid blood or DBS in FTA were standardized for LAMP detection of T. cruzi DNA. Our results encourage prospective studies in neonates born to seropositive women or oral Chagas disease outbreaks to operationally evaluate the method in the field.
Association of epicardial fat with cardiac structure and function and cardiovascular outcomes: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fukuta Hidekatsu , Goto Toshihiko , Kamiya Takeshi 
Published: April 2023

Background
Epicardial fat represents visceral adiposity. Many observational studies have reported that increased epicardial is associated with adverse metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary atherosclerosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases and in general population. We and others have previously reported the association of increased epicardial fat with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction as well as the development of heart failure (HF) and coronary artery disease in these populations. In some studies, however, the association did not reach statistical significance. The inconsistent results may be due to limited power, different imaging modalities for quantifying epicardial fat volume, and different outcome definitions. Accordingly, we aim to perform the systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the association of epicardial fat with cardiac structure and function and cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis will include observational studies examining the association of epicardial fat with cardiac structure and function or the cardiovascular outcomes. Relevant studies will be identified by searching electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus and by manual screening of reference lists of relevant reviews and retrieved studies. The primary outcome will be cardiac structure and function. The secondary outcome will be cardiovascular events including death from cardiovascular causes, hospitalization for HF, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and unstable angina.

Discussion
The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis will provide evidence regarding the clinical usefulness of epicardial fat assessment.

Systematic review registration
INPLASY 202280109.
Frequency, types and predictors of drug therapy problems among non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Hayat Muhammad , Ahmad Nafees , Mohkumuddin Syed , Ali Khan Syed Liaquat , Khan Amer Hayat , Haq Noman Ul , Haque Naheed , Khan Amjad 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundDrug therapy problems (DTPs) are common among patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is a lack of information about DTPs and its predictors among CKD patients from Pakistan.ObjectivesTo evaluate the frequency, type and predictors of various types of DTPs among CKD patients at a tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan.MethodologyThis was a cross-sectional study carried out at Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta between 1-11-2020 and 31-1-2021. It included 303 non-dialysis ambulatory patients of CKD-stage 3 and above. Cipolle et al., criterion was used for classifying the DTPs and a clinician at the study site checked the identified DTPs for accuracy. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23. Multivariate analysis was conducted to find the predictors of individual types of DTPs. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe patients received a total of 2265 drugs with a median of eight drugs per patient (range: 3–15 drugs). A total of 576 DTPs were identified among 86.1% patients with a median of two DTPs (interquartile range 1–3) per patient.Dosage too high(53.5%) was the most common DTP followed byadverse drug reactions (ADRs)(50.5%) andneed of additional drug therapy(37.6%). In multivariate analysis, patients’ age of >40 years emerged as a predictor ofunnecessary drug therapyanddosage too high. The odds ofneeding a different drug productwas significantly high in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Thedosage too lowhad significant association with CVD. The risk ofADRswas significantly high in elderly patients (>60 years) and those with CVD. The presence of hypertension, DM and CKD stage-5 emerged as predictors ofdosage too high.ConclusionThis study revealed a high prevalence of DTPs among CKD patients. Targeted interventions in high risk patients may reduce the frequency of DTPs at the study site.
Physiotherapist beliefs and perspectives on virtual reality supported rehabilitation for the management of musculoskeletal shoulder pain: A focus group study
Authors: Brady Niamh , Dejaco Beate , Lewis Jeremy , McCreesh Karen , McVeigh Joseph G. 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundVirtual Reality (VR) is an immersive computer-generated environment that provides a multi-sensory experience for the user. Modern technology allows the user to explore and interact with the virtual environment, offering opportunities for rehabilitation. The use of immersive VR in the management of musculoskeletal shoulder pain is relatively new and research is required to demonstrate its feasibility and effectiveness in this field.AimThe aims of this study were, firstly, to explore physiotherapists’ beliefs and perspectives of immersive VR as a platform for rehabilitation in patients with musculoskeletal shoulder pain, secondly, to identify potential barriers and facilitators to using VR in a musculoskeletal setting and thirdly, to gain insight from clinicians that would inform the development of a VR intervention for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal shoulder pain.MethodsThis study used qualitative descriptive design methodology. A series of three focus group interviews were carried out, via Microsoft Teams. Physiotherapists received an Oculus Quest™ headset to use at home prior to the focus group interviews. A six-phase process of reflexive thematic analysis was carried out to identify themes within the data. Atlas Ti Qualitative Data Analysis software was used to facilitate thematic analysis.ResultsFive themes were identified within the data. They reflected physiotherapists beliefs that VR provides novel opportunities for shoulder rehabilitation and may offer new avenues for managing movement-related fear and improving concordance with rehabilitation. However, barriers related to safety and practical considerations associated with using VR were also identified in the final themes.ConclusionThese findings provide valuable insight into clinician acceptability of immersive VR as a platform for rehabilitation and the need for further research to answer the questions posed by physiotherapists in the current study. This research will contribute to human-centered design of VR-supported interventions for managing musculoskeletal shoulder pain.
A comprehensive performance analysis of sequence-based within-sample testing NIPT methods
Authors: Mokveld Tom , Al-Ars Zaid , Sistermans Erik A. , Reinders Marcel 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundNon-Invasive Prenatal Testing is often performed by utilizing read coverage-based profiles obtained from shallow whole genome sequencing to detect fetal copy number variations. Such screening typically operates on a discretized binned representation of the genome, where (ab)normality of bins of a set size is judged relative to a reference panel of healthy samples. In practice such approaches are too costly given that for each tested sample they require the resequencing of the reference panel to avoid technical bias. Within-sample testing methods utilize the observation that bins on one chromosome can be judged relative to the behavior of similarly behaving bins on other chromosomes, allowing the bins of a sample to be compared among themselves, avoiding technical bias.ResultsWe present a comprehensive performance analysis of the within-sample testing method Wisecondor and its variants, using both experimental and simulated data. We introduced alterations to Wisecondor to explicitly address and exploit paired-end sequencing data. Wisecondor was found to yield the most stable results across different bin size scales while producing more robust calls by assigning higher Z-scores at all fetal fraction ranges.ConclusionsOur findings show that the most recent available version of Wisecondor performs best.
Ateizm, metafizyka i filozofia demokracji. Refleksje o teologii Braci Polskich
Authors: Paradowski Ryszard , Paradowska Wiera 
Published: April 2023

Artykuł poświęcony jest argumentom na rzecz tezy, że istotnie ateistyczna jest nie tylko koncepcja, zgodnie z którą „Bóg nie istnieje” (Bóg w znaczeniu, jakie nadają mu teologie), ale również teoria, która, wstępnie deklarując przywiązanie do idei Boga religijnie rozumianego, zarazem formułuje swoje wyznanie wiary w porządek społeczno-kulturowy i aksjologiczny w sposób zasadniczo sprzeczny z wizerunkiem Boga jako najwyższego szczebla absolutnej hierarchii, jako uosobienia absolutnej siły i wyłącznej kompetencji do definiowania dobra i zła. Ateizmem w tym rozumieniu jest pogląd o zasadniczo niehierarchicznej budowie świata i o nieistnieniu jednego absolutnego autorytetu i ateizmem w tym rozumieniu jest (pomimo teistycznej deklaracji) światopogląd Braci Polskich.
Geospatial Methods and the Premodern Economy: Mapping the Institutional Landscapes of Northern Europe, 1350–1650
Authors: Holterman Bart , Huang Angela 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The premodern European transport network was accompanied by a number of institutions that affected the transaction costs related to commercial travel, such as fairs, staple markets and toll stations. With digital techniques and big datasets, it is now possible to study these phenomena on a grand scale and to reveal patterns in supraregional economic exchange. Using the Viabundus dataset on premodern transport and mobility in northern Europe (13501650), this article explores the possibilities that such data offer for understanding large-scale economic activity. By employing GIS mapping for visualisation purposes and methods of network analysis such as the calculation of betweenness centrality, the data on fairs, staple markets and toll stations can help us understand the institutional structure of the premodern economy in which merchants operated.
Die Statistik der Betriebsrente
Authors: Mävers Dorothee , Pieper Jonas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the sources of information and their quality as accessible to the government of the Federal Republic of Germany when trying to assess the situation of company funded pensions between 1949 and 1985 for the Company Pension Act of 1974. By taking a closer look at multiple government surveys as well as official statistics, the paper shows that the government only had very little access to verifiable and detailed information on the matter and relied largely on estimates. There were no coherent sources of information, and none were set up after the Act came into effect. The trend of a growing distribution and extent of corporate retirement plans from the late 1940s to the 1980s as seen in the government surveys is congruent with our findings. Furthermore, the Company Pension Act strengthened this already growing trend.
Neoliberalismus: Über ein intellektuelles Missverständnis
Authors: Trecker Max 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The term neoliberalism is a faithful companion of current public debates. It often serves as a proxy for what is allegedly wrong with society. The term is used to criticize a perceived commodification of spheres of human existence that used to be shielded from a purely economic logic. Recently, the term neoliberalism has become the object of historical research. Its roots have been traced back as far as 1947 or 1918. I argue in this paper that historians have taken a methodologically questionable approach, by departing from the blurry concept of neoliberalism as it is perceived today and trying to trace it back in time as far as possible. Such an approach leads to severe contradictions as economists labelled ex-post as neoliberals were often opposed to neoliberalism as it is currently defined. It is methodologically more sound and analytically more rewarding to start the conception of the term with the economists who self-identified as neoliberals. This approach leads to a more coherent concept of neoliberalism that is better suited for further research and provides a clearer understanding of the history of economic thought in the interwar period and the first postwar years.
On-Site Preservation Through Participatory Method in the Development of Digital Museum
Authors: Puspita Arianti Ayu , Malasan Prananda Luffiansyah , Triharini Meirina , Putri Virliany Rizqia , Taepoer Raditya Ardianto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper examines a preservation of intangible socio-cultural values of cultural object through the process of digitization, a participatory method, and an on-site preservation method. This research uses digital museumMuseum Bendaas the case study, where the objects are archived digitally. The objects represented socio-cultural values of a certain community of users and makers, including the social innovations that are found in their everyday life. In this case, the participatory approach becomes one of the methods to study the objects. In addition, on-site preservation through digitization is also one of the means to be able to preserve the artifact in its original site, while simultaneously storing and publishing the digital information.Museum Bendadoes not only allow the re-data of cultural objects digitally but also plays a role in preserving objects through an on-site approach by reviving community activities, building identity, and maintaining human and natural resources.
Miniaturization and microfluidic devices: an overview of basic concepts, fabrication techniques, and applications
Authors: Brás Eduardo J. S. , de Barros Fernandes Pedro Carlos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Miniaturization brings along significant advantages in the development, optimization, and implementation of chemical, biochemical, and related fields processes and assays. Given the reduced footprint, miniaturization allows a significant reduction in volumes to be processed while providing conditions for several conditions to be evaluated simultaneously. Accordingly, work can be performed timely in a space efficient manner, with significant costs savings. Microfluidics is the pinnacle of miniaturization, where the previous advantageous aspects are taken to the limit, with the added features of operation under well-defined and highly efficient mass and heat transfer environment. Additionally, microfluidic environment fosters process integration, monitoring, and control in a single framework. The present chapter aims to provide an overview of diverse applications of miniaturized devices, fabrication methods, and key issues in fluid dynamics that characterize a microfluidic environment.
Maximizing advantages and minimizing misinterpretation risks when using analogies in the presentation of chemistry concepts: a design challenge
Authors: Mammino Liliana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Analogies are frequently used in chemistry education (and science education in general), above all when introducing a new concept or when a concept is perceived as too abstract by the teacher or by the learners. On the one hand, analogies can offer functioning opportunities for clarifications; on the other hand, they may risk engendering misinterpretations or misconceptions, because the terms of a given analogy may be perceived differently by the teacher and by the student, or may be too farfetched to have a clarifying role. In order to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks, the design of analogies needs to entail careful attention both to the nature of the analogy and to its ‘matching’ to the nature of the concept to which it refers. This involves vigilant analysis of all the details and of their implications, and the parallel design of a viable way to guide the student through the terms of the analogy; such guidance is actually meant to become an explanation component. The paper considers concrete examples from the author’s direct experience with general chemistry and physical chemistry courses, and analyses both the design of the details of the selected analogies and the corresponding guidance pathways. It also discusses related issues like the importance of limiting the resort to analogies to the cases where they can actually have a significant impact on students’ understanding, and the opportunity of replacing them with molecular models whenever feasible, as a model’s nature is closer to the mental images that it is desirable to promote through students’ perceptions. Comparisons of the types of guidance needed for analogies, for general-type visualization, and for visualization through models are also included. The take-home message reiterates the considerations on the nature of analogies as something to be designed, on the teacher’s active role in the design, and on the possibility of including students in the design process, when the concepts and corresponding analogies are suitable for such inclusion.