bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of APOE polymorphisms with serological lipid and inflammatory markers
Authors: Krishnamurthy Hari Krishnan , Rajavelu Imbaasree , Reddy Swarnkumar , Pereira Michelle , Jayaraman Vasanth , Krishna Karthik , Song Qi , Wang Tianhao , Bei Kang , Rajasekaran John J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The study aims to assess the association of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms with serological lipid and inflammatory markers to determine their potential role in predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Methods
A total of 915 individuals underwent testing for lipid and inflammatory biomarkers at Vibrant America Clinical Laboratory. Clinical data, blood lipid and inflammatory profiles, and APOE genotyping were analyzed using PCR-RFLP.
Result
Compared to the E3/E3 genotype, individuals with E2/E3 genotypes showed higher levels of HDL, triglycerides, APOA, HSCRP, and MPO. E2/E4 genotype carriers had higher levels of HDL, triglycerides, Lp(a), and BNPNT. E3/E4 genotypes were associated with elevated levels of total cholesterol, LDL, Lp(a), HSCRP, SDLDL, OXLDL, MPO, LDL-CAL, PLAC, and APOB. The E4/E4 group displayed higher concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, APOB, Lp(a), HSCRP, SDLDL, OXLDL, MPO, LDLCAL, and PLAC compared to E3/E3 carriers. These findings highlight the atherogenic effect of the ε4 allele and the potential protective effect of the ε2 allele on lipid and inflammatory markers.
Conclusion
This study provides strong evidence linking APOE gene polymorphism to abnormal serum lipid and inflammatory profiles. Individuals carrying the e4 alleles exhibited dysregulated lipid metabolism and abnormal inflammatory markers, increasing their risk of CVD and AD. Early detection and prompt diagnosis are crucial for implementing therapeutic, dietary, and lifestyle interventions to mitigate risks and prevent or delay lipid and inflammation-related disorders.
Pure Total Flavonoids From Citrus Ameliorate NSAIDs-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Injury via Regulation of Exosomal LncRNA H19 Expression
Authors: Chen Shanshan , He Ruonan , Li Ying , Zhang Shuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in the clinic because of their excellent antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. However, long-term use of NSAIDs will disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier, causing erosion, ulcers, bleeding, and even perforation. How to balance the use and side effects of NSAIDs is an urgent clinical problem. Elucidating the mechanism related to disrupting the intestinal mucosal barrier caused by NSAIDs and achieving targeted drug prevention or treatment is the key. In the study, we investigated the mechanism of exosomal lncRNA H19 in the intestinal mucosal barrier injury associated with NSAIDs and the intervention of pure total flavonoids from Citrus (PTFC). Results showed that IEC-6 cells co-cultured with NSAIDs rats-derived exosomes possessed the lowest protective autophagy levels and intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function disturbance. By contrast, though the IEC-6 cells co-cultured with the exosomes extracted from rats receiving early prevention with PTFC still exhibited a certain inhibition of autophagy and disturbance of intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function, both were significantly better. The prevention effect was proportional to the concentration of PTFC administered. Exosomal lncRNA H19 is the critical RNA in the above mechanism, which regulates protective autophagy and intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function.
Low molecular weight peptides derived from Iranian Scorpion (Odontobuthus bidentatus) Venom Induces Apoptosis in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line (HepG2) in 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Alikhani Hani Keshavarz , Zargan Jamil , Bidmeshkipour Ali , Naghneh Ehsan , Hajinoormohammadi Ashkan , Zamani Ehsan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly form of liver cancer with limited treatment options. Natural compounds, such as venom-derived peptides, have emerged as potential sources of anticancer agents. 3D cell models, which closely resemble the architectural characteristics of natural tumors, serve as an appropriate system for investigating the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of scorpion venom on cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the apoptotic effects of low molecular weight peptides isolated from the venom of Odontobuthus bidentatus on HepG2 cells in a 3D cell culture model.
Methods and Results
The O. bidentatus venom was subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for fractionation and purification of the low molecular weight peptides. Subsequently, the isolated peptides were evaluated for their impact on cell viability and apoptosis induction in HepG2 cells within a 3D cell culture system and were compared to crude venom. To create a 3D cell culture, HepG2 cells were enclosed within alginate hydrogel. Subsequently, the cytotoxic effects of scorpion venom were evaluated using MTT and neutral red uptake assays. Changes in the redox potential of HepG2 cells were assessed by measuring accumulated nitric oxide (NO) in the cell culture media, as well as levels of glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity. To determine the induction of apoptosis in cells treated with scorpion venom, various assays including alkaline comet assay, caspase-3 enzyme activity, and cytochrome c release were employed. Additionally, the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene BAX and the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 was evaluated using qRT-PCR. The results obtained from the MTT and neutral red uptake assays demonstrated that O. bidentatus crude venom and isolated fractions (5, 6, and 10) had cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells in the 3D cell culture. The concentration of NO released into the culture media increased, while the levels of reduced glutathione and catalase decreased in a dose-dependent manner within the 3D culture. The findings from the caspase-3 enzyme activity, cytochrome c release assay, comet assay, and Bax/Bcl-2 gene expression ratio supported the conclusion that O. bidentatus scorpion venom induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway.
Conclusion
This finding highlights the potential of scorpion venom-derived peptides as novel therapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Enhancing display resolution through virtual pixel creation: a software-based approach for existing displays
Authors: Carmona-Ballester David , Bonaque-González Sergio , Trujillo-Sevilla Juan M. , Ceruso Sabato , Rodríguez-Ramos José M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The increasing demand for high-resolution displays has spurred advancements in pixel density; however, certain applications, such as head-mounted displays (HMDs) and image projectors, still suffer from noticeable pixel structures that degrade user experience. Conventional methods of resolution enhancement are often complex and costly, limiting their practicality. To address this, we propose a software-based methodology for improving screen resolution through controlled optical defocus. This method introduces a blur into the system, generating overlapping virtual pixels in the image space. The original image is pre-compensated, considering the altered intensity distribution caused by these virtual pixels. Consequently, the displayed image is perceived as having higher resolution than the native display. We present the mathematical foundations of this methodology, which were validated through computational analysis and real-world implementations on HMDs and projectors. The proposed approach distinguishes itself from previous works on overlapping sub-frames by requiring only a single display and a single optical element, offering a simpler and more cost-effective solution. Experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in the screen-door effect for HMDs and an enhanced resolution for projectors, with minimal loss of quality, particularly in contrast. The findings highlight the potential of our approach to open new avenues for the development of these technologies. By providing a practical and effective means of resolution improvement, our methodology holds promise for addressing the challenges associated with pixel structures in various display applications.
Lactate gene signature based on mitophagy predict the prognosis and immune response in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jiang Wenjie , Zhang Fan , Shang Pan , Xu Shuonan , Zhang Yukun , Jiang Tao , Zhong Daixing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) causes leading death worldwide. Mitophagy and release of lactate is critical feature in tumor environment. We aimed to identified a mitophagy relate lactate related gene (LRG) signature for predicting prognosis and immune response in LUAD.
Methods
The gene expression and clinical data were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Firstly, according to the 29 mitophagy genes from Pathway Unification database, the subtype analysis analyzed using ConsensusClusterP lus. Survival, clinical, immune, and function differences between the two subtypes were analyzed. Then, based on the mitophagy genes and 14 LRGs from MSigDBv7.5.1 database, weighed gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and univariate cox analysis were used to screen the optimal LRGs genes. A risk score model was established based on the optimal LRGs genes. Survival, mutation, drug sensitivity, and immune feature between high- and low-risk groups were also analyzed. Furthermore, the distribution of risk score indifferent subtypes were also explored. Finally, based on the risk score and clinical factors, a nomogram for predicting the patient survival were established.
Results
All the LUAD samples were divided into 2 subtypes: sub 1 and sub 2. Sub 2 possessed worse survival (P < 0.05). Immune score, immune checkpoint genes, human leucocyte antigen genes in sub2 were higher than in sub 1, suggesting an active immune microenvironment in sub 2. Six optimal mitophagy-related LRGs (LDHA, PLEC, DARS2, ACAT1, C1QBP, and OGDH) were used to construct a risk score model and the model was effective in predicting the survival of LUAD patients. High-risk score indicates a poorer survival, higher tumor mutation burden, and higher drug sensitivity. Furthermore, sub 2 contained more high-risk samples, further demonstrating the predicting ability of the subtypes and risk score groups. Finally, nomogram was also robust in predicting LUAD survival with AUC more than 0.7.
Conclusion
These results are useful for prognosis of survival and immune status, as well as provide indication for patient drug option in LUAD.
Android Malware Detection using LSTM with Smali Codes
Authors: Anand Abhishek , Singh Jyoti Prakash , Khan Rida Sohail , Kumari Anjali , Mishra Divya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the widespread adoption of smartphones and the rapid growth of the mobile Internet, the Android platform has become highly popular. However, its open-source nature has also made it susceptible to rampant malware attacks. In light of this, this research paper proposes a malware detection system based on Smali-LSTM to enhance the efficiency of malware detection on the Android platform. The detection system employs a static analysis approach to extract Smali files from applications. These extracted Smali files undergo a series of preprocessing steps to extract relevant features. To ensure compatibility with the LSTM model, the preprocessed Smali files are fragmented into smaller pieces. The paper explores and tests fragments of various sizes to identify the optimal configuration that yields the best results. The findings of the study demonstrate that the proposed Smali-LSTM model outperforms existing works that utilize the same dataset and LSTM model. The achieved results showcase an accuracy of 96.58\% and an impressive precision of 100\%. These outcomes validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model in accurately detecting malware in Android applications.
LAPTM4B-35 promotes the progression of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: Liu Wei , Guan Jiaying , Qi Xiaofeng , Yang Jiaxin , Fan Jianlin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common type of malignancy affecting the salivary glands. Previous studies have suggested the involvement of lysosome-associated transmembrane protein 4β (LAPTM4B) in the development and progression of various tumors. However, its specific role in MEC has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of LAPTM4B-35 in MEC tissue samples and explore its association with clinicopathological features. Additionally, we sought to inhibit the expression of LAPTM4B-35 in an MEC cell line and assess its impact on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Our findings revealed upregulated expression of LAPTM4B-35 protein in MEC tissues. Furthermore, we observed that LAPTM4B-35 overexpression correlated with high histological grade and advanced clinical stages in MEC patients. To determine the functional significance of LAPTM4B-35, we performed knockdown experiments in MEC cells, which resulted in reduced proliferation and invasion ability, increased apoptosis rates, and altered cell cycle distribution. Taken together, these results suggest that LAPTM4B-35 may play a crucial role in the development of MEC and could potentially serve as a target for individualized therapy.
Discovering spatio-temporal dependencies in mangrove forest change: evidence from northwestern Asian communities
Authors: Forouzannia Mojtaba , Chamani Atefeh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The Iranian southern intertidal ecosystems are colonized by mangrove forests (mostly Avicennia marina) and presented a notable mangrove area expansion over the past decades. To discover its spatio-temporal dependencies, five mangrove forests were studied along a coastline of more than 1,200 km. Cloud-free Landsat images were processed using a temporal median filter to produce one representative Landsat image for each year from 1988 to 2020. The images were categorized into mangrove and non-mangrove classes using an object-based algorithm and visual post-classification. A consistent mangrove area expansion was observed across all regions, which regressed linearly against time with an adjusted R2 range of 0.914–0.955 (p &lt; 0.01). The expansions were also found to be highly significantly similar (0.182 &lt; p &lt; 0.822) using the t-test applied on the slope of region-specific regression models. Three spatial metrics of infilling, edge-expansion, and outlying were developed to investigate the spatial pattern of expansions. Results showed the dominance of the edge-expansion pattern across all regions (53–78% of the expansions), which was attributed to the better establishment of propagules near and under the canopy of parent trees. The outlying pattern (11–22%) was related to mangrove colonization along the inland creeks.
Overview of the Treatment of Congestion in Heart Failure
Authors: Martinez-Sole Julia , Sanchez-Martinez Jose Carlos , Lopez-Vilella Raquel , Donoso-Trenado Victor , Sanchez-Lazaro Ignacio , Almenar-Bonet Luis , Sanz-Sanchez Jorge , Martinez-Dolz Luis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Heart failure is a major problem in developed countries, leading to a high number of hospitalizations
and healthcare costs. The most common symptom of heart failure is congestion, which is also the primary reason
for hospitalization. Diuretics, particularly loop diuretics, are the cornerstone of the treatment of congestion.
Likewise, there are other types of diuretics with different pathways of action, bioavailability profiles, adverse reactions,
and effects on the cardiovascular and renal systems. Moreover, in recent years, new therapeutic alternatives
have been proposed for challenging cases of diuretic resistance, such as ultrafiltration through peripheral
access or peritoneal dialysis. The main objective of this article is to provide a step-guided approach to the management
of congestion in patients with heart failure in order to guide the medical practice. Despite the significant
amount of research published in recent years, there are no clear algorithms for managing acute heart failure.
Diuretics remain the primary treatment of acute heart failure, and nephron blockade is key, but new therapies
are emerging, and ongoing research is needed to develop better strategies for managing this condition.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF MACRANGA PELTATA LEAF EXTRACTS ON LUNG CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: ANIL LINA , MOHANDAS S. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Macranga peltata leaf extracts on A549 and P 51 human lung cancer cell lines.
Methods: Leaf sample was subjected to soxhlet extraction method and phytochemical screening was done using different biochemical tests. The antioxidant activity was tested using 2,2–diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric ion reducing power assay and 2,2–azino bis 3–ethyl benzothiazoline–b–sulfonic acid assay. In vitro anticancer activity on A549 and P 51 human lung cancer cell lines was evaluated by (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazole-2yl)-2,5–diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay.
Results: Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of phytoconstituents like tannins, flavanoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and reducing sugar. The antioxidant assays exhibited significant inhibiting activity. MTT cell proliferation assay of methanolic extract of plant drug produced a cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cell lines A549 and P 51 with an IC50 value of 197.10 µg/ml, while it had no cytotoxic effect on normal cell lines.
Conclusion: It has been reported the effect of flavanoid characteristics in reducing the cancer. M. peltata contains a wide variety of secondary metabolites that hold strong antioxidant capacity. Their leaf have found to be potential source of antioxidants and anticancer activity.
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF EFFECT OF LABOUR INDUCTION ON MECONIUM ASPIRATION AND FOETAL OUTCOME
Authors: GUPTA RITU , TRIVEDI SWATI , GUPTA AYUSHI 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Labor induction is a widely used procedure to initiate artificial uterine contractions, but its impact on meconium aspiration and fetal outcome needs further investigation, as meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) poses significant risks to the newborn, including respiratory distress and other complications.
Methods: This prospective observational study evaluates labor induction and evaluate the occurrence of meconium aspiration and overall fetal outcomes. Data from a tertiary care hospital were analyzed, including mode of induction, gestational age, Bishop score, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, Apgar scores, NICU admissions, and other relevant parameters. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify significant associations.
Results: This observational study aimed to explore the relationship between labor induction and meconium aspiration, as well as their impact on fetal well-being. Data analysis identified correlations between labor induction techniques, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and neonatal outcomes, offering valuable insights for clinical decision-making and optimizing fetal outcomes.
Conclusion: The impact of labor induction on meconium aspiration and fetal outcomes was investigated in this study, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals and contributing to the improvement of safety guidelines for obstetric care.
COMPARING THE EFFICACY OF ROM EXERCISES WITH AND WITHOUT SCAPULAR MOBILIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS
Authors: KHANDELWAL PINKY , KHAN JAFAR , P. T. RENUKA , KHAN USMAN 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by shoulder pain and limited range of motion. Its cause and pathophysiology are not well understood. The prevalence is estimated to range from 2% to 5% in the general population, with a higher incidence in women and individuals in their fifth and sixth decades of life. The optimal treatment approach for adhesive capsulitis is currently unclear, although ROM exercises are commonly prescribed. Scapular mobilization may enhance outcomes by addressing scapular dyskinesis and muscle imbalances.
Methods: A comparative study with 30 subjects diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis was conducted. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: ROM exercises with scapular mobilization (Group 1) and ROM exercises without scapular mobilization (Group 2). The study took place at PMCH, Udaipur, for 12 w, with sessions lasting 30 min per day, 5 d a week. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, and outcome measures such as pain scores, ROM measurements, functional assessments, and patient-reported outcomes were used.
Results: The analysis of SPADI scores revealed that Group A had a mean score of 41.73 (SD = 4.69, SE = 0.86), while Group B had a mean score of 42.40 (SD = 3.29, SE = 0.84), with a mean difference of 0.67. The t-test indicated a significant difference between the groups (t = 1.335, p = 0.021). Similarly, for VAS scores, Group A had a mean score of 3.20 (SD = 0.67, SE = 0.17), Group B had a mean score of 3.06 (SD = 0.70, SE = 0.18), with a mean difference of 0.14. The t-test also revealed a significant difference between the groups (t = 5.95, p = 0.038). These results demonstrate notable distinctions in both SPADI and VAS scores between Group A and Group B.
Conclusion: The study supports the effectiveness of combining scapular mobilization with ROM exercises for adhesive capsulitis. The group receiving both interventions showed greater improvements in shoulder range of motion and pain reduction compared to the ROM exercises alone group. Incorporating scapular mobilization into the treatment approach may enhance the management of adhesive capsulitis. Further research is needed to validate these findings and customize treatments based on individual patient characteristics.
A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL BACKWARD WALKING TRAINING ON BALANCE AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE
Authors: KALYANA SHUBHAM , LOHAR DEEPAK , KHAN JAFAR , RAO LAKSHITA SINGH 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Stroke is a significant cause of mortality and disability globally, with a higher prevalence in urban areas of India compared to rural regions. Men in India face a greater risk of stroke, attributed to factors such as smoking and drinking, which are more prevalent among Indian men. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of backward walking training on balance and functional outcomes in stroke patients.
Methods: Experimental Group received 30 min of backward walking training three times per week for three weeks. Balance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and functional outcomes were measured using the Barthel Index (BI) before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using Student's paired t-test and unpaired t-test.
Results: Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the Control Group and Experimental Group in terms of BBS and BI scores. However, after the intervention, the Experimental Group showed a significant improvement in both balance (BBS) and functional outcomes (BI) compared to the Control Group. The Experimental Group demonstrated a greater improvement in BI scores (9.94%) compared to the Control Group (4.95%), and a similar pattern was observed for BBS scores, with the Experimental Group showing a greater improvement (7.87%) compared to the Control Group (3.49%). These differences were statistically significant (p<0.01), indicating that the intervention in the Experimental Group was more effective than the Control Group.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that incorporating backward walking training into stroke rehabilitation programs can be beneficial for patients in terms of enhancing their balance and functional abilities.