bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimuli‐Responsive Hydrogel Microcapsules Harnessing the COVID‐19 Immune Response for Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Fischer Amit , Ehrlich Avner , Plotkin Yevgeni , Ouyang Yu , Asulin Klil , Konstantinos Ioannidis , Fan Chunhai , Nahmias Yaakov , Willner Itamar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe combination of gene therapy and immunotherapy concepts, along recent advances in DNA nanotechnology, have the potential to provide important tools for cancer therapies. We present the development of stimuli‐responsive microcapsules, loaded with a viral immunogenetic agent, harnessing the immune response against the Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID‐19, to selectively attack liver cancer cells (hepatoma) or recognize breast cancer or hepatoma, by expression of green fluorescence protein, GFP. The pH‐responsive microcapsules, modified with DNA‐tetrahedra nanostructures, increased hepatoma permeation by 50 %. Incorporation of a GFP‐encoding lentivirus vector inside the tumor‐targeting pH‐stimulated miRNA‐triggered and Alpha‐fetoprotein‐dictated microcapsules enables the demonstration of neoplasm selectivity, with approximately 5,000‐, 8,000‐ and 50,000‐fold more expression in the cancerous cells, respectively. The incorporation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein in the gene vector promotes specific recognition of the immune‐evading hepatoma by the COVID‐19‐analogous immune response, which leads to cytotoxic and inflammatory activity, mediated by serum components taken from vaccinated or recovered COVID‐19 patients, resulting in effective elimination of the hepatoma (>85 % yield).
Nanocomposites of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) containing sepiolite modified with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane and octadecyl isocyanate
Authors: Gonçalves Ingrid A. , Barauna Jairo , Pinheiro Ivanei F. , Calderaro Mayara P. , Morales Ana R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe properties of nanocomposites are directly affected by the filler–matrix interaction and therefore surface filler modification is often necessary to improve the mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Our study evaluated surface modification of sepiolite (SEP) on properties of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT)‐based nanocomposites. The nanofillers were modified using two organic modifiers, octadecyl isocyanate (OI), and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). OI showed higher treatment efficiency than APTES and better results in alkyl groups on the surface of the nanofiller, with crystalline profile, which remained in the nanocomposites. The effect of organo‐sepiolites on the properties of PBAT nanocomposites was investigated by DSC, XRD, TGA, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical tensile tests. TGA analysis showed that the addition of O‐SEP on PBAT decreases its thermal stability. SEM analysis showed cavities and fiber tips in the matrix associated with clay agglomerates and some untreated clay faces, which impair filler‐matrix interfacial adhesion. Both treatments increased the elastic modulus and preserved the elongation and tensile strength of PBAT and the treatment with OI results in a higher modulus. Although some studies to improve the clay dispersion are necessary, the promising results reveal the potential of using OI and APTES as SEP modifiers to reinforce PBAT or other polyesters.
Hedging temperature risk with CDD and HDD temperature futures
Authors: Benth Fred Espen , Lempa Jukka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper is concerned with managing risk exposure to temperature using weather derivatives. We consider hedging temperature risk using so‐called HDD‐ and CDD‐index futures, which are instruments written on temperatures in specific locations over specific time periods. The temperatures are modelled as continuous‐time autoregressive (CARMA) processes and pricing of the hedging instrument is done under an equivalent pricing measure. We develop hedging strategies for locations, cutoff temperatures, and time periods different to the ones in the traded contracts, allowing for more flexibility in the hedging application. The dynamic hedging strategies are expressed explicitly by the term structure of the volatility. We also provide numerical case studies with temperatures following a CAR(3)‐process to illustrate the temporal behaviour of the hedge under different scenarios.
Rhythmic attentional sampling in autism
Authors: Fan Xiaoxu , Kolodny Tamar , Woodard Kristin M. , Tasevac Aydin , Ganz Wesley R. , Rea Hannah M. , Kurtz‐Nelson Evangeline C. , Webb Sara Jane , Murray Scott O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIndividuals diagnosed with autism often display alterations in visual spatial attention toward visual stimuli, but the underlying cause of these differences remains unclear. Recent evidence has demonstrated that covert spatial attention, rather than remaining constant at a cued location, samples stimuli rhythmically at a frequency of 4–8 Hz (theta). Here we tested whether rhythmic sampling of attention is altered in autism. Participants were asked to monitor three locations to detect a brief target presented 300–1200 ms after a spatial cue. Visual attention was oriented to the cue and modified visual processing at the cued location, consistent with previous studies. We measured detection performance at different cue‐target intervals when the target occurred at the cued location. Significant oscillations in detection performance were identified using both a traditional time‐shuffled approach and a new autoregressive surrogate method developed by Brookshire in 2022. We found that attention enhances behavioral performance rhythmically at the same frequency in both autism and control group at the cued location. However, rhythmic temporal structure was not observed in a subgroup of autistic individuals with co‐occurring attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Our results imply that intrinsic brain rhythms which organize neural activity into alternating attentional states is functional in autistic individuals, but may be altered in autistic participants who have a concurrent ADHD diagnosis.
Hypoxia Modulates Cellular Endocytic Pathways and Organelles with Enhanced Cell Migration and 3D Cell Invasion**
Authors: A. Naveena Hema , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHypoxia, a decrease in cellular or tissue level oxygen content, is characteristic of most tumors and has been shown to drive cancer progression by altering multiple subcellular processes. We hypothesized that the cancer cells in a hypoxic environment might have slower proliferation rates and increased invasion and migration rates with altered endocytosis compared to the cancer cells in the periphery of the tumor mass that experience normoxic conditions. We induced cellular hypoxia by exposing cells to cobalt chloride, a chemical hypoxic mimicking agent. This study measured the effect of hypoxia on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Uptake of fluorescently labeled transferrin, galectin3, and dextran that undergo endocytosis through major endocytic pathways (Clathrin‐mediated pathway (CME), Clathrin‐independent pathway (CIE), Fluid phase endocytosis (FPE)) were analyzed during hypoxia. Also, the organelle changes associated with hypoxia were studied with organelle trackers. We found that the proliferation rate decreased, and the migration and invasion rate increased in cancer cells in hypoxic conditions compared to normoxic cancer cells. A short hypoxic exposure increased galectin3 uptake in hypoxic cancer cells, but a prolonged hypoxic exposure decreased clathrin‐independent endocytic uptake of galectin 3. Subcellular organelles, such as mitochondria, increased to withstand the hypoxic stress, while other organelles, such as Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), were significantly decreased. These data suggest that hypoxia modulates cellular endocytic pathways with reduced proliferation and enhanced cell migration and invasion.
Percutaneous ventricular assist device for higher‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention in surgically ineligible patients: Indications and outcomes from the OPTIMUM study
Authors: Hirai Taishi , Grantham J. Aaron , Kandzari David E. , Ballard William , Brown W. Morris , Allen Keith B. , Kirtane Ajay J. , Argenziano Michael , Yeh Robert W. , Khabbaz Kamal , Lombardi William , Lasala John , Kachroo Puja , Karmpaliotis Dimitri , Gosch Kensey L. , Salisbury Adam C. ,   the OPTIMUM Study Group
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndications and outcomes for percutaneous ventricular assist device (pVAD) use in surgically ineligible patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain poorly characterized.AimsWe sought to describe the use and timing of pVAD and outcome in surgically ineligible patients.MethodsAmong 726 patients enrolled in the prospective OPTIMUM study, clinical and health status outcomes were assessed in patients who underwent pVAD‐assisted PCI and those without pVAD.ResultsCompared with patients not receiving pVAD (N = 579), those treated with pVAD (N = 142) more likely had heart failure, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (30.7 ± 13.6 vs. 45.9 ± 15.5, p < 0.01), and higher STS 30‐day predicted mortality (4.2 [2.1−8.0] vs. 3.3 [1.7−6.6], p = 0.01) and SYNTAX scores (36.1 ± 12.2, vs. 31.5 ± 12.1, p < 0.01). While the pVAD group had higher in‐hospital (5.6% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.046), 30‐day (9.0% vs. 4.0%, p = 0.01) and 6‐month (20.4% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.01) mortality compared to patients without pVAD, this difference appeared to be largely driven by significantly higher mortality among the 20 (14%) patients with unplanned pVAD use (30% in‐hospital mortality with unplanned PVAD vs. 1.6% with planned, p < 0.01; 30‐day mortality, 38.1% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.01). The degree of 6‐month health status improvement among survivors was similar between groups.ConclusionSurgically ineligible patients with pVAD‐assisted PCI had more complex baseline characteristics compared with those without pVAD. Higher mortality in the pVAD group appeared to be driven by very poor outcomes by patients with unplanned, rescue pVAD.
Evaluation of the quality property and aroma characterization of cooked waxy and nonwaxy proso millet
Authors: Zhu Yulian , Zhao Ning , Chang Lei , Jiang Fan , Feng Baili , Gao Xiaoli , Liang Jibao , Li Rui , Du Shuang‐kui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesProso millet is a traditional grain that can be divided into waxy and nonwaxy varieties based on amylose content. However, research on different varieties of cooked proso millet is limited, especially as a whole grain. This paper investigated the quality properties and aroma characterization of cooked nonwaxy proso millet (NPM) and waxy proso millet (WPM).FindingsScanning electron microscopy images showed that cooked NPM exhibited a more compact structure, whereas cooked WPM displayed a porous structure. Cooked NPM presented higher water absorption ratio, expansion ratio, hardness, and better chewiness than cooked WPM. Correlation analysis indicated that the texture properties were positively correlated with the cooking characteristics as well as the amylose and protein contents. The resistant starch content of cooked NPM (35.97%) was higher than that of cooked WPM (28.85%). Aroma analysis revealed that cooked NPM and WPM contained 56 and 67 volatile substances, respectively.ConclusionCooked NPM and WPM exhibited different properties mainly attributed to the various amylose and protein contents.Significance and NoveltyThese findings may provide a theoretical basis for the processing and commercial development of the proso millet resource.
Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using Nano Calcium Oxide Catalyst
Authors: Tayeb Aghareed M. , Abdel-Hamid Shereen M. S. , Osman Randa M. , Farouk Sabah Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of nano calcium oxide as a catalyst in biodiesel production has gained attention due to its high catalytic activity, low cost, and environmental friendliness. It efficiently converts triglycerides to fatty acids and methyl esters. In the present study, nano CaO was prepared by precipitation and characterized by various techniques. The results showed that the nano CaO has high purity, nanoscale crystal size, good thermal stability, and high specific surface area. Biodiesel was produced by transesterification from waste cooking oil, methanol, and the nano catalyst. Response surface methodology was applied to predict the optimum parameters for the production of the biodiesel based on its yield. The produced biodiesel was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and GC‐MS and evaluated according to ASTM D6571.
Challenges in the Direct Detection of Chirality‐induced Spin Selectivity: Investigation of Foldamer‐based Donor‐acceptor Dyads
Authors: Privitera Alberto , Faccio Davide , Giuri Demetra , Latawiec Elisabeth I. , Genovese Damiano , Tassinari Francesco , Mummolo Liviana , Chiesa Mario , Fontanesi Claudio , Salvadori Enrico , Cornia Andrea , Wasielewski Michael R. , Tomasini Claudia , Sessoli Roberta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the past two decades, the chirality‐induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was reported in several experiments disclosing a unique connection between chirality and electron spin. Recent theoretical works highlighted time‐resolved Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (trEPR) as a powerful tool to directly detect the spin polarization resulting from CISS. Here, we report a first attempt to detect CISS at the molecular level by linking the pyrene electron donor to the fullerene acceptor with chiral peptide bridges of different length and electric dipole moment. The dyads are investigated by an array of techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, steady‐state and transient optical spectroscopies, and trEPR. Despite the promising energy alignment of the electronic levels, our multi‐technique analysis reveals no evidence of electron transfer (ET), highlighting the challenges of spectroscopic detection of CISS. However, the analysis allows the formulation of guidelines for the design of chiral organic model systems suitable to directly probe CISS‐polarized ET.
Frustrated Lewis Pair Chelation in the p‐Block
Authors: Frenette Brandon L. , Rivard Eric 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFrustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have been the subject of considerable study since the field's inception. While much of the research into FLPs has centered around small molecule activation for diverse stoichiometric and catalytic transformations, intramolecular FLPs also show promise as chelating ligands. The cooperative action of Lewis basic and acidic moieties enables intramolecular FLPs to stabilize low oxidation state centers and (consequently) reactive molecular fragments through a donor‐acceptor approach, making them an attractive ligand class in main group element chemistry. This review outlines the state of FLP chelation to date throughout the p‐block, encompassing primarily groups 13–16.
Utilising the Nanozymatic Activity of Copper‐Functionalised Mesoporous C3N5 for Sensing Biomolecules
Authors: Patel Vaishwik , Ramadass Kavitha , Morrison Brodie , Britto Jolitta Sheri John , Lee Jang Mee , Mahasivam Sanje , Weerathunge Pabudi , Bansal Vipul , Yi Jiabao , Singh Gurwinder , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDesigning unique nanomaterials for the selective sensing of biomolecules is of significant interest in the field of nanobiotechnology. In this work, we demonstrated the synthesis of ordered Cu nanoparticle‐functionalised mesoporous C3N5 that has unique peroxidase‐like nanozymatic activity for the ultrasensitive and selective detection of glucose and glutathione. A nano hard‐templating technique together with the in‐situ polymerisation and self‐assembly of Cu and high N‐containing CN precursor was adopted to introduce mesoporosity as well as high N and Cu content in mesoporous C3N5. Due to the ordered structure and highly dispersed Cu in the mesoporous C3N5, a large enhancement of the peroxidase mimetic activity in the oxidation of a redox dye in the presence of hydrogen peroxide could be obtained. Additionally, the optimised Cu‐functionalised mesoporous C3N5 exhibited excellent sensitivity to glutathione with a low detection limit of 2.0 ppm. The strong peroxidase activity of the Cu‐functionalised mesoporous C3N5 was also effectively used for the sensing of glucose with a detection limit of 0.4 mM through glucose oxidation with glucose oxidase. This unique Cu‐functionalised mesoporous C3N5 has the potential for detecting various molecules in the environment as well as for next‐generation glucose and glutathione diagnostic devices.
Es braucht den europäischen Schulterschluss
Authors: Eirich Stephan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDie Batterieproduktion hat in Europa Fahrt aufgenommen, doch zum Durchbruch braucht es intelligente und nachhaltige Fertigungsprozesse und die Zusammenarbeit auf europäischer Ebene. Stephan Eirich, Mitglied des Vorstands der VDMA‐Fachabteilung Batterieproduktion und Geschäftsführender Gesellschafter Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Hardheim, gibt im Interview einen Einblick in die Prozessschritte, beschreibt die aktuellen Herausforderungen für den deutschen Anlagenbau und für die Entwicklung und gibt einen Ausblick auf die erfolgsversprechenden Batterietechnologien der nächsten Jahre.
Exotischer Explosionsschutz
Authors: Truderung Udo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReinigungsarbeiten in Behältern unter Ex‐Schutz‐Bedingungen, Aufsaugen brennbarer Flüssigkeiten oder Substanzen mit unbekannten Eigenschaften bei Havarie‐Einsätzen: Das sind Anwendungsfälle, die mit konventionellen Ex‐Saugern nicht abzudecken sind – wohl aber mit einem individuell konfigurierten Industriesaugern aus einem bewährten Baukastenprogramm.
Qualitätssicherung in der Arzneimittellogistik
Authors: Kolass Rolf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn der Herstellung von Arzneimitteln wird jeder Aspekt der Produktion sorgfältig kontrolliert, wobei alle Schlüsselfaktoren, die sich auf die Produktqualität oder ‐wirksamkeit auswirken könnten, in Echtzeit überwacht werden. Speziell für solche regulierten Anwendungen wurde das Umweltüberwachungssystem Rotronic Monitoring System (RMS) zur Qualitätssicherung entwickelt.
Effect of agitation and aeration on gas dispersion efficiency in coaxial mixers containing yield‐pseudoplastic fluids: Experimental and numerical analysis
Authors: Barros Paloma L. , Ein‐Mozaffari Farhad , Lohi Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAerated stirred vessels are commonly employed to enhance gas dispersion. However, the associated high energy consumption is a challenging feature, particularly when dealing with complex non‐Newtonian fluids. Coaxial mixers comprising a central impeller and a close‐clearance impeller have emerged as an energy‐efficient alternative that effectively intensifies gas dispersion. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of aeration and agitation on the gas dispersion effectiveness of a coaxial mixer containing a yield‐pseudoplastic fluid. An anchor‐pitched blade turbine was employed to disperse air into a 1 wt.% xanthan gum solution, and the analysis primarily focused on characterizing the gas holdup and fluid flow behaviour. Gas holdup data were obtained experimentally using electrical resistance tomography (ERT), while computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations provided a detailed analysis of fluid flow patterns within the coaxial mixer. The rotational speed of the impeller exhibited a non‐monotonic effect on the gas holdup, and a significant influence of the interaction between variables was identified. For instance, the experimental data showed that the aeration effect varied with the anchor speed. Nevertheless, the variables' interaction effect was explained by the change in flow pattern observed numerically. Furthermore, the CFD results demonstrated that high gas holdup does not necessarily indicate intensified mixing. Therefore, combining experimental data and numerical simulations enables a more accurate characterization of mixing performance. These findings contribute to the understanding and improvement of mixing performance in such a complex system, which is crucial for designing efficient operations.
Development and validation of a decision tree for distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas with mucinous features and metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wein Alexander N. , Lin Chieh‐Yu , Ritter Jon H. , Bernadt Cory T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of mucinous carcinomas in the lung on transbronchial biopsy or fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) samples can be difficult for the pathologist, because primary and metastatic tumors can have similar morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics. Correct diagnosis is key to determine appropriate therapy and to distinguish primary from metastatic disease. This distinction often falls to the pathologist in patients with a history of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon. Despite its drawbacks, immunohistochemistry is often employed to help assign a primary site for mucinous adenocarcinomas in the lung. However, the published data in this regard is limited to studies that use only a handful of markers.MethodsThe authors examined the staining characteristics and heterogeneity of CK7, TTF‐1, NapsinA, CK20, CDX2, and SATB2 in resection specimens of pulmonary adenocarcinomas with mucinous features and metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.ResultsBased on the heterogeneity, sensitivity, and specificity in this cohort, the authors developed a decision tree based on TTF‐1, SATB2, CDX2, and CK7 to categorize tumors as primary or metastatic lesions. Validation of the decision tree in FNA specimens from the lungs and lung‐draining lymph nodes showed 84% concurrence in cases from the lung and 100% concurrence in cases from the lymph node. In cases where the algorithm assigned a primary site, it was 95% accurate compared to the multidisciplinary diagnosis.ConclusionsThis method holds promise in distinguishing primary versus metastatic lesions in resection, biopsy, and FNA samples from the lungs.
Convergence of the self‐dual U(1)‐Yang–Mills–Higgs energies to the (n−2)$(n-2)$‐area functional
Authors: Parise Davide , Pigati Alessandro , Stern Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGiven a hermitian line bundle on a closed Riemannian manifold , the self‐dual Yang–Mills–Higgs energies are a natural family of functionals
defined for couples consisting of a section and a hermitian connection ∇ with curvature . While the critical points of these functionals have been well‐studied in dimension two by the gauge theory community, it was shown in [52] that critical points in higher dimension converge as (in an appropriate sense) to minimal submanifolds of codimension two, with strong parallels to the correspondence between the Allen–Cahn equations and minimal hypersurfaces. In this paper, we complement this idea by showing the Γ‐convergence of to (2π times) the codimension two area: more precisely, given a family of couples with , we prove that a suitable gauge invariant Jacobian converges to an integral ‐cycle Γ, in the homology class dual to the Euler class , with mass . We also obtain a recovery sequence, for any integral cycle in this homology class. Finally, we apply these techniques to compare min‐max values for the ‐area from the Almgren–Pitts theory with those obtained from the Yang–Mills–Higgs framework, showing that the former values always provide a lower bound for the latter. As an ingredient, we also establish a Huisken‐type monotonicity result along the gradient flow of .