bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperative predictive set point modulation control of high‐speed trains
Authors: Xing Yi , Li Wei , Yao Wenhua , Yu Xiaoquan , Yang Yingze 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCooperative control of high‐speed trains can improve the safety and efficiency of high‐speed railway transportation. However, the velocity and distance overshoots in the cooperative control of multiple high‐speed trains is an undesirable behavior, which will lead to unsafe and inefficient train operation. To address this issue, a cooperative predictive set point modulation control approach for high‐speed trains is proposed. First, the cyber‐physical modeling of multiple high‐speed trains is presented. The longitudinal dynamic characteristics of high‐speed trains are established in the physical layer, and the cyber layer represents the communication topology of high‐speed trains based on graph theory. Second, a cooperative control rule is designed to achieve the velocity consensus and maintain safe distance between adjacent trains. Moreover, the set point automatic adjustment with correction enable (SPAACE) is leveraged to smoothly adjust the set‐point of high‐speed trains to suppress the overshoots of train velocities and inter‐train distance. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is verified in three different simulation scenarios: normal, acceleration and deceleration conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the maximum relative displacement by 62% and the velocity error by 34%.
Psilocybin-gestützte Therapie von Depression, Angst und
Suchtstörungen: Neurobiologische Grundlagen und klinische
Anwendung
Authors: Lasch Anna , Schweikert Timo , Dora Eva , Kolb Theresa , Schurig Hanne Lilian , Walther Andreas 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungEine erfolgreiche Therapie psychischer Störungen ist angesichts des
häufig vorhandenen Leidensdrucks der Betroffenen sehr wichtig. Da
anerkannte pharmazeutische und psychotherapeutische Ansätze leider nicht
für alle Patient:innen zur erwünschten Besserung ihres Leidens
führen, findet intensive Forschung zu ergänzenden oder
alternativen Behandlungsmethoden statt. Besonders vielversprechend zeigte sich
zuletzt die Psilocybin-gestützte Psychotherapie, die in den USA deshalb
für klinische Studien mit größeren Stichproben als
bisher zugelassen wurde. Psilocybin gehört zu den Psychedelika und
beeinflusst in seiner Wirkung das psychische Erleben. Bei der gestützten
Therapie wird Psilocybin in kontrollierten Dosen unter medizinischer Aufsicht
verabreicht. In den bisher durchgeführten Studien konnten bereits nach
einer, bis wenigen Einnahmen längerfristige positive Effekte in Hinblick
auf die jeweiligen Störungsbilder gezeigt werden. Um ein besseres
Verständnis der potenziellen therapeutischen Mechanismen zu
ermöglichen, sollen in diesem Artikel zunächst Erkenntnisse zur
Wirkweise von Psilocybin auf neurobiologischer und psychologischer Ebene
vorgestellt werden. Anschließend soll die Analyse der bisher
durchgeführten klinischen Studien mit einer Anwendung von Psilocybin bei
Patient:innen helfen, das Potential der Psilocybin-gestützten
Psychotherapie für verschiedene Störungsbilder besser
einschätzen zu können.
Gorlin–Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review with PTCH1 Gene Sequencing
Authors: Kim Hyo Seong , Heo Seung , Kim Kyung Sik , Choi Joon , Yang Jeong Yeol 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGorlin–Goltz syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by multisystemic developmental defects caused by pathogenic variants such as patched-1 (PTCH1) gene variants and/or SUFU gene variants. The presence of either two main criteria or one major and two minor criteria are required for the diagnosis of Gorlin–Goltz syndrome. Recently, a major criterion for molecular confirmation has also been proposed. In this article, we report the case of an 80-year-old male who was admitted at our department for multiple brown-to-black papules and plaques on the entire body. He was diagnosed with Gorlin–Goltz syndrome with clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings. While the diagnosis was made based on the clinical findings in general, confirmation of the genetic variants makes an ideal diagnosis and suggests a new treatment method for target therapy. We requested a genetic test of PTCH1 to ideally identify the molecular confirmation in the hedgehog signaling pathway. However, no pathogenic variants were found in the coding region of PTCH1, and no molecular confirmation was achieved.
Are orthodox Australian rainforest seeds short-lived in storage?
Authors: Sommerville Karen D. , Newby Zoe-Joy , Martyn Yenson Amelia J. , Offord Catherine A. 
Published: May 2023

Context Fifty per cent of Australian rainforest species produce orthodox seeds, but little is known about their longevity in storage. Aims To (1) estimate the longevity of seeds of 33 rainforest species using artificial aging; (2) assess the influence of habit, habitat range (restricted to rainforest or more broadly distributed), seed characteristics (endospermy, dry weight), and collection environment (e.g. precipitation, elevation and average temperature) on longevity; (3) compare longevity of rainforest seeds to previously assessed species from non-rainforest habitats; (4) compare longevity in artificial aging to real-time longevity in storage. Methods Seeds were aged at 60% relative humidity and 45°C, and tested at pre-determined intervals until germination was reduced to zero. The time taken for germination to decline to 50% (p50AA) was calculated by probit analysis. Ordinary least-squares regression was used to model p50AA for rainforest and non-rainforest species against predictor variables. Values for p50AA were then compared with the actual longevity in storage at −20°C (p50RT) using Pearson’s correlation. Key results Species restricted to rainforest exhibited a significantly lower p50AA than species with a wider distribution or those restricted to non-rainforest habitats. Collection elevation had a significant negative influence on p50AA. In all, 14 of 33 species showed a significant decline in viability after ≤12 years in storage. Values of p50AA were not correlated with p50RT. Conclusions Rainforests contain a high proportion of potentially, and actually, short-lived species; however, p50AA is not a good predictor of their real-time longevity. Implications Rainforest species should be managed as short-lived, with viability checked at least every 5 years, until real-time longevity data indicate otherwise.
Activity measurements of the radionuclides 18F, 64Cu and 99mTc for the ANSTO, Australia, in the ongoing comparisons BIPM.RI(II)-K4 series and KCRV update in the corresponding BIPM.RI(II)-K1 comparison
Authors: Michotte C , Nonis M , Wyngaardt W M Van , Tobin S , Smith M , Lee S , Jackson T , Ilter J , Howe B , Sarbutt A , Silva I Da 
Published: May 2023

Main text
In 2017, comparisons of activity measurements of 18F, 64Cu, 99mTc and 11C using the Transfer Instrument of the International Reference System (SIRTI) took place at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO, Australia). Ampoules containing 18F, 64Cu and 99mTc solutions were measured in the SIRTI for about 1.7 to 4 half-lives. The ANSTO carried out the primary standardization of the activity in the ampoules by 4π(LS)β—γ coincidence measurements. The comparisons, identifiers BIPM.RI(II)-K4.F-18, BIPM.RI(II)-K4.Cu-64 and BIPM.RI(II)-K4.Tc-99m are linked to the corresponding BIPM.RI(II)-K1.F-18, BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Cu-64 and BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Tc-99m comparisons. The BIPM.RI(II)-K1 18F and 99mTc key comparison reference values have been updated to include the latest BIPM.RI(II)-K4 linked results and degrees of equivalence for those three comparisons have been evaluated.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Kinetic electron cooling in magnetic nozzles: experiments and modeling
Authors: Kim June Young , Chung Kyoung-Jae , Takahashi Kazunori , Merino Mario , Ahedo Eduardo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As long-distance space travel requires propulsion systems with greater operational flexibility and lifetimes, there is a growing interest in electrodeless plasma thrusters that offer the opportunity for improved scalability, larger throttleability, running on different propellants and limited device erosion. The majority of electrodeless designs rely on a magnetic nozzle (MN) for the acceleration of the plasma, which has the advantage of utilizing the expanding electrons to neutralize the ion beam without the additional installation of a cathode. The plasma expansion in the MN is nearly collisionless, and a fluid description of electrons requires a non-trivial closure relation. Kinetic electron effects and in particular electron cooling play a crucial role in various physical phenomena, such as energy balance, ion acceleration, and particle detachment. Based on experimental and theoretical studies conducted in recognition of this importance, the fundamental physics of the electron-cooling mechanism revealed in MNs and magnetically expanding plasmas is reviewed. In particular, recent approaches from the kinetic point of view are discussed, and our perspective on the future challenges of electron cooling and the relevant physical subject of MN is presented.
Thermal neutron reference radiation facility with high thermalization and large uniformity area
Authors: Wang Pingquan , Yang Junkai , Li Fan , Zhang Hui , Ren Zhongguo , Liu Zuoye , Zhang Hongjun , Xiong Zhonghua , Li Shicheng , Gao Fan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A new thermal neutron facility based on 12 241Am–Be neutron sources has been established at the National Institute of Metrology, China. It has two independent irradiation fields, the inner field and outer field, constructed with high-purity graphite and heavy water as moderators, respectively. Three innovative designs, including the reflection cavity, reflection layer, and homogenizing lens, were introduced to improve the performance of the facility. The reflection layer can increase the thermal neutron fluence rate by about 3–4 times, the reflection cavity also enhances thermal fluence by 3–4 times by taking advantage of multiple scattering of neutrons, and the homogenizing lens mounted on the neutron exit surface of the moderator improve the distribution of thermal neutron. The characteristics of the two fields were investigated by Monte Carlo simulations and experimental measurements. The results show that the new facility has high thermalization and large uniformity area with these innovative designs. For the inner field, the thermal neutron fluence rate at the reference position is (21 433.3 ± 407.2) cm−2 s−1, the cadmium ratio is 20.6, the non-uniformity is 0.1% over the 40 cm × 40 cm region. For the outer field, the thermal fluence rate at the reference position is (2046.0 ± 49.1) cm−2 s−1, the cadmium ratio is 1433, and the non-uniformity is 0.7% in the 70 cm × 70 cm region. The facility is expected to be suitable for the large-size detector, and its excellent performance is attractive for various thermal neutron experiments.
Soliton collisions in spin–orbit coupled spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates
Authors: Qi Juan-juan , Zhao Dun , Liu Wu-Ming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigate analytically the effects of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) for the dynamics of soliton collisions in spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs). Applying the non-standard Hirota’s bilinear method, we derive some exact one- and two-soliton solutions for the one-dimensional system of a spin–orbit coupled spin-1 BEC, which clearly shows how the dynamics of the solitons in spinor BECs can be engineered by SOC. Under SOC, the soliton collisions of ferromagnetic-polar type, ferromagnetic-ferromagnetic type and polar-polar type are discussed in details. Comparisons for the soliton states between the systems with and without SOC are displayed, a remarkable phenomenon is that the SOC can lead to the split of a soliton.
Smart screening system for breast cancer: the use of thermographic images, evolutionary algorithms, and oversampling
Authors: Queiroz Kamila Fernanda Ferreira da Cunha , de Cássia Fernandes de Lima Rita 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose. This study aimed to develop a computer system for automatic detection of thermographic changes indicating breast malignancy risk. Materials and methods. The database contained 233 thermograms of women, including 43 with malignant lesions and 190 with no malignant lesions. Five classifiers were evaluated (k-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Discriminant Analysis, and Naive Bayes) in combination with oversampling techniques. An attribute selection approach using genetic algorithms was considered. Performance was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and Kappa statistics. Results. Support vector machines combined with attribute selection by genetic algorithm and ASUWO oversampling obtained the best performance. Attributes were reduced by 41.38%, and accuracy was 95.23%, sensitivity was 93.65%, and specificity was 96.81%. The Kappa index was 0.90, and AUC was 0.99. Conclusion. The feature selection process lowered computational costs and improved diagnostic accuracy. A high-performance system using a new breast imaging modality could positively aid breast cancer screening.
Ethanolic curcumin/silver nanoparticles suspension as antibacterial coating mixture for gutta-percha and cotton fabric
Authors: Monisha K , Antinate Shilpa S , Anandan B , Hikku G S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the introduction of nanoparticles (NPs) in coating systems to impart antibacterial activity to substrates of interest is on the rise to counteract drug-resistant bacterial infections. In this regard, a coating system was developed using curcumin/Ag NPs (C-Ag NPs) complex in ethanolic suspension to be used as an antibacterial coating material for gutta-percha (dental filler) and cotton fabric. The prepared NPs were thoroughly characterized by employing x-ray diffraction, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, and particle size analysis. A simple dip coating technique with a solvent evaporation route was employed to modify the surfaces of gutta-percha and the cotton fabric. The antibacterial activity of C-Ag NPs modified gutta-percha and cotton fabric was assessed using a modified colony counting route and AATCC-147 standard, respectively, and displayed better results than curcumin-modified substrates. Therefore, the pathway for bacterial infections after root canal treatment and the spread of hospital-acquired infections in the hospital sector can be restricted with the use of C-Ag NPs modified gutta-percha and cotton fabric, respectively.
Interface and electromagnetic effects in the valley splitting of Si quantum dots
Authors: Lima Jonas R F , Burkard Guido 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The performance and scalability of silicon spin qubits depend directly on the value of the conduction band valley splitting (VS). In this work, we investigate the influence of electromagnetic fields and the interface width on the VS of a quantum dot in a Si/SiGe heterostructure. We propose a new three-dimensional theoretical model within the effective mass theory for the calculation of the VS in such heterostructures that takes into account the concentration fluctuation at the interfaces and the lateral confinement. With this model, we predict that the electric field is an important parameter for VS engineering, since it can shift the probability distribution away from small VSs for some interface widths. We also obtain a critical softness of the interfaces in the heterostructure, above which the best option for spin qubits is to consider an interface as wide as possible.
Sap flow as a function of variables within nested scales: ordinary least squares vs. spatial regression models
Authors: Zabihi Khodabakhsh , Singh Vivek Vikram , Trubin Aleksei , Tomášková Ivana , Blaženec Miroslav , Surový Peter , Jakuš Rastislav 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Understanding scale-dependent influential drivers of sap flow variability can help managers and policymakers to allocate resources within a particular scale to improve forest health and resiliency against water-stress stimuli such as drought and insects, e.g. bark beetle infestations. We defined a daily measure of sap flow as a function of variables within nested scales of landscape, stand, and tree, using ordinary least squares (OLS), spatial lag and error regression models. Model covariates were elevation, latitude (Y-coordinate), longitude (X-coordinate), neighborhood tree density, tree diameter at breast height, and bark temperature for 40-surveyed Norway spruce (Picea abies) in the Czech Republic, Central Europe. Trees were spatially distributed within 19-established subplots across five plots, with distances ranging 2–9 km, at which variations in soil water potential and temperature were limited. The daily measure of sap flow within the regional scale allowed us to avoid the temporal and spatial variability of climate effects on sap flow. A relatively flat terrain across subplots also allowed us to control the effects of slope, aspect, and topography-related solar incidence angle on sap flow. Sap flow was strongly spatially autocorrelated, so OLS models failed to take spatial autocorrelation into account unless to some extent, depending on the spatial distribution of samples, by including latitude and/or longitude in the models. Among spatial regression models, spatial error models performed better than lag models, allowing to capture the effects of unmeasured independent variables. Sap flow variability for the most part (∼70%) was explained by the landscape-level variable of elevation followed by the stand-level variable of tree density, and the remaining part by variables related to tree characteristics; a nested down-scaling function, defined and visualized for the first time. Therefore, thinning forest stands and future plantations with optimum distances, based on the elevation gradients, may be required to counterbalance the allocation of resources, e.g. water, nutrients, and light, among trees, leading to enhance forest health and resiliency against water-stress stimuli.
Latent Profiles of Fear of Cancer Recurrence and Associations with Physical and Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Liu Jianlin , Griva Konstadina , Mahendran Rathi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a multidimensional construct; however, few studies have meaningfully integrated FCR severity (i.e., level of fear) with FCR-related concepts (e.g., triggers).

Purpose
The present study determined (a) latent profiles of FCR; (b) socio-demographic variations between identified profiles; (c) interactions between identified profiles and resilience and rumination on chronic physical disorders, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and quality of life.

Methods
The present study is a secondary data analysis of which 404 cancer survivors were included in this study. All participants completed the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory and measures of resilience, rumination, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and quality of life.

Results
Latent profile analysis identified three distinct profiles based on varying levels of FCR and FCR-related concepts; Profile 1 “Low FCR” (n = 108; 26.4%), Profile 2 “Moderate FCR, High coping” (n = 197; 49.4%), and Profile 3 “High FCR, distress and impairment” (n = 99; 24.3%). Profile 3 was associated with younger age and history of radiotherapy. Latent profiles of FCR significantly interacted with resilience and rumination on depressive/anxiety symptoms.

Conclusions
Latent profile analysis integrates FCR severity and FCR-related concepts to support a nuanced understanding of FCR. Our results suggest specific points of intervention, which extend beyond addressing FCR severity.
Hook Effect in Semiquantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antispike Total Antibody Assay
Authors: Benirschke Robert C , Lee Hong Kee 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The hook effect is a common preanalytical error that results in falsely decreased analyte concentrations in immunoassays. We present here an example in a semiquantitative SARS-CoV-2 antispike total antibody assay and report the incidence of this error at our institution.

Methods
All specimens with initial results within the reportable range of the assay were diluted. Results with higher results upon dilution were determined to have the hook effect. In a subset of specimens, these results were also confirmed as elevated on an alternative SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay.

Results
Over 1 month, 12 (9.1%) of 132 results were within the analytical measuring range of the assay. Of these, 11 showed the hook effect and required dilution to obtain accurate results. These represented 8.3% of our total testing volume.

Conclusions
The hook effect was detected in a semiquantitative SARS-CoV-2 antispike total antibody assay at a high incidence. This error results in observed concentrations much lower than is accurate. Laboratories should be aware of this issue and consider manually diluting specimens within the reportable range of the assay to detect this issue.
When parents play favorites: brood demand shapes parental preference for offspring UV color
Authors: García-Campa Jorge , Müller Wendt , Rodríguez-Juncá Alicia , Morales Judith 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Parents might initially produce more offspring than they might be able to raise. However, when offspring demand exceeds their parents´ rearing capacity, parents might shift care towards the offspring which yield greater fitness returns to achieve their optimal brood size via brood reduction. Such favoritism could rely on offspring signaling traits if these inform parents about offspring quality and hence about the pay-offs of their investment. Here we investigated whether favoritism of blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) parents for an offspring signal (i.e., ultraviolet (UV) plumage coloration) varies with brood demand. To test this, we experimentally blocked the UV reflectance of yellow breast feathers in half of the nestlings of each brood, and then we sequentially performed two opposing brood size manipulations to vary nestling demand below or above parental rearing capacity. In reduced broods, nestlings begged overall less intensely and gained more body mass, supporting that parental rearing capacities sufficed to satisfy brood demand. Moreover, in reduced broods, UV-blocked nestlings (i.e., low-quality offspring) were fed and prey-tested more often. Yet, they begged more than control nestlings, suggesting that they were perhaps treated differently by other family members or which they may exploit parental preferences beyond actual need (at least in reduced nests). Parents flexibly shifted their feeding rate and favoritism in response to short-term changes in family size, as there was no parental preference for enlarged broods. Such flexible parental feeding rules may allow parents to gain the upper hand in parent-offspring conflict. However, we did not find evidence that parental favoritism facilitated brood reduction, at least in conditions where demand was temporally enhanced.