bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroptosis-dependent breast cancer cell-derived exosomes inhibit migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Yi Chenghao , Wu Shilong , Duan Qianyu , Liu Lei , Li Li , Luo Yonghui , Wang Anan 
Published: March 2023

Aim
Ferroptosis, a novel type of iron-dependent cell death, plays a vital role in breast cancer progression. However, the function of ferroptosis-induced cancer cell-derived exosomes in breast cancer remains unclear. In this study, we attempted to investigate the impact of breast cancer cells-derived exosomes induced by ferroptosis on the polarization of macrophages and the progression of breast cancer.

Methods
Erastin was used to induce ferroptosis and breast cancer cell-derived exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy. Western blot, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and ELISA were used to determine the role of exosomes in macrophage polarization. Transwell assays were used to detect breast cancer cell migration, and invasion.

Results
Our results showed that erastin promoted ferroptosis in breast cancer cells with increased Fe2+ level and ROS production. Breast cancer cell-derived exosomes induced by ferroptosis were successfully isolated and verified to be internalized by macrophages. In addition, ferroptosis-induced breast cancer cell-derived exosomes (Fe-exo) remarkably diminished M2 marker, Arg-1 expression. The ratio of CD206+ macrophages was significantly decreased after Fe-exo treatment. CD206 protein expression and Arg-1 level were dramatically reduced in M2 macrophages incubated by Fe-exo. Moreover, autophagy PCR array showed that the expression of 84 autophagy-related genes were altered after macrophages were incubated by Fe-exo. Furthermore, macrophages incubated by Fe-exo repressed the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.

Conclusion
Ferroptosis-dependent cancer cell-derived exosomes inhibited M2 polarization of macrophages, which in turn inhibited migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. This study provides novel therapeutic strategies for patients with breast cancer.
Spatial Variability in Soil Properties, Delineation Site-specific Management Division Based on Soil Fertility Using Fuzzy Clustering in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Yadav T. C. , Singh Y. P. , Yadav Shashi S. , Singh Akhilesh , Subhash  , Patle Tirunima 
Published: March 2023

Farmers who want to improve nitrogen usage efficiency (NUE) and crop yield must have access to information regarding the geographical variability and distribution of soil parameters. Fertilizer application relying on soil characteristic maps and fertilizers recommendations may help reduce fertilizer input without sacrificing crop production. The current research focused heavily on evaluating the variability of soil fertility status in the Madhya Pradesh Gwalior region using geostatistical techniques. To do this, 150 GPS-based surfaces (0–15 cm) soil samples were obtained from the Gwalior region's five districts (Gwalior, Shivpuri, Datia, Guna, & Ashok Nagar) during crop harvest during the rabi season of 2019–20. Statistics and geo-statistics were used to analyze the results of the laboratory analysis. The analysis revealed that the soil samples' pH, EC, SOC, and CaCO3 values, respectively, varied from 4.40 to 8.30, 0.09 to 1.03 dSm-1, 2.0 to 10.60 gkg-1, and 3.0 to 24.0 gkg-1. In contrast, the amounts of N, P, K, and S that are present in soil vary from 102.0 to 356.0 kg ha-1, 6.0 to 61.0 kg ha-1, 114.0 to 896.0 kg ha-1, and 5.90 to 49.20 mg kg-1, respectively.
Through building semi-variograms and mapping the data utilizing standard kriging techniques, the information was studied using both traditional statistics and geostatistics. For soil properties, semi-variograms were created, and their geographical distributions were delineated. The Nugget/Sill (Co/Co+ C) ratio for the modeled variables revealed moderate to high spatial dependences. The best-fit models for the reported soil characteristics were exponential, spherical, and circular. The findings of this research demonstrated that soil fertility quality varied significantly across the Gwalior area. This knowledge may aid in making choices about crop succession and the usage of plant nutrients to increase farmers' financial returns.
A Novel Multifunctional Photocatalytic Separation Membrane Based on Single‐Component Seaweed‐Like g‐C3N4
Authors: Li Liuxin , Luo Chunjia , Chen Xushuai , Chu Na , Li Le , Chao Min , Yan Luke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMultifunctional separation membrane is usually realized by multi‐component collaborative construction, which makes the membrane preparation method complicated and uncontrollable. Herein, a novel multifunctional photocatalytic separation membrane is prepared by vacuum self‐assembly of single seaweed‐like g‐C3N4 photocatalyst. The seaweed‐like g‐C3N4 gives membrane certain roughness, large specific surface area, excellent hydrophilicity and abundant transport channels. Through a systematic study, the membrane exhibits excellent separation of five oil‐in‐water emulsions with a maximum flux of 3114.0 ± 113.0 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 for 1, 2‐dichloroethane‐in‐water (Dc/W) emulsion and a maximum efficiency of 97.4 ± 0.1% for chloroform‐in‐water (C/W) emulsion. In addition, the seaweed‐like g‐C3N4 with large specific surface area and narrow bandgap render excellent visible light absorption characteristics and accelerate e−‐h+ pairs transport rate, giving the membrane excellent photocatalytic degradation and antibacterial properties. The membrane shows good degradation for eight different pollutants, among which the degradation effect for rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), and crystal violet (CV) were ≈100%. The antibacterial efficiency against E. coli and S. aureus is also close to 100%. After 35 consecutive separations of C/W emulsion and 10 consecutive degradations of RhB, the membrane still maintains excellent separation performance. This long‐lasting multifunctional separation membrane exhibits broad application prospects in complex wastewater purification.
3D Printing Thermally Stable High‐Performance Polymers Based on a Dual Curing Mechanism
Authors: Binyamin Iris , Grossman Eitan , Gorodnitsky Matanel , Kam Doron , Magdassi Shlomo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance polymers are an important class of materials that are used in challenging conditions, such as in aerospace applications. Until now, 3D printing based on stereolithography processes can not be performed due to a lack of suitable materials. There is report on new materials and printing compositions that enable 3D printing of objects having extremely high thermal resistance, with Tg of 283 °C and excellent mechanical properties. The printing is performed by a low‐cost Digital Light Processing printer, and the formulation is based on a dual‐cure mechanism, photo, and thermal process. The main components are a molecule that has both epoxy and acrylate groups, alkylated melamine that enables a high degree of crosslinking, and a soluble precursor of silica. The resulting objects are made of hybrid materials, in which the silicon is present in the polymeric backbone and partly as silica enforcement particles.
Ultrafast Shape‐Reconfigurable Chiral Mechanical Metamaterial based on Prestressed Bistable Shells
Authors: Liu Yizhe , Pan Fei , Xiong Feng , Wei Yuling , Ruan Yicheng , Ding Bin , Yang Kuijian , Chen Yuli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFast shape‐reconfiguration with large morphing amplitude is crucial for intelligent materials/structures that require tunable functions and adaptivity to different environments. However, the morphing strategies are rare in combining ultrafast speed, large amplitude, and high energy‐efficiency simultaneously. Herein, a class of 2D and 3D chiral mechanical metamaterials are proposed to tackle this challenge based on prestressed bistable metallic shells. The metamaterial is architected by cylindrical cores and slender bistable shells with an anti‐chiral arrangement. The bistable shell has a flat extended shape and a rolled‐up shape that can wrap on the connected cylindrical cores compatibly, and thus endow the metamaterials with a tunable morphing amplitude that can even extend to infinity. By experiments, simulations and theoretical modelling, it is demonstrated that the bistable shell can transform from the extended state to the rolled‐up state with a transitional speed of 7.56 m s−1, which provides the 2D and 3D metamaterials with 25.38‐ and 101.14‐times body area/volume variation per second, respectively. Moreover, a smart trapper for capturing moving objects and a phononic structure with tunable band gaps are realized based on the metamaterials. This work provides a straightforward platform to design metamaterials and their derived systems with ultrafast and large‐amplitude shape‐reconfigurability.
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐block‐PM6 Polymer Donors for High‐Performance and Mechanically Robust Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Seo Soodeok , Lee Jin‐Woo , Kim Dong Jun , Lee Dongchan , Phan Tan Ngoc‐Lan , Park Jinseok , Tan Zhengping , Cho Shinuk , Kim Taek‐Soo , Kim Bumjoon J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHigh power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stretchability are the dual requirements for the wearable application of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, most efficient photoactive films are mechanically brittle. In this work, highly efficient (PCE = 18%) and mechanically robust (crack‐onset strain (COS) = 18%) PSCs are acheived by designing block copolymer (BCP) donors, PM6‐b‐PDMSx (x = 5k, 12k, and 19k). In these BCP donors, stretchable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) blocks are covalently linked with the PM6 blocks to effectively increase the stretchability. The stretchability of the BCP donors increases with a longer PDMS block, and PM6‐b‐PDMS19k:L8‐BO PSC exhibits a high PCE (18%) and 9‐times higher COS value (18%) compared to that (COS = 2%) of the PM6:L8‐BO‐based PSC. However, the PM6:L8‐BO:PDMS12k ternary blend shows inferior PCE (5%) and COS (1%) due to the macrophase separation between PDMS and active components. In the intrinsically stretchable PSC, the PM6‐b‐PDMS19k:L8‐BO blend exhibits significantly greater mechanical stability PCE80% ((80% of the initial PCE) at 36% strain) than those of the PM6:L8‐BO blend (PCE80% at 12% strain) and the PM6:L8‐BO:PDMS ternary blend (PCE80% at 4% strain). This study suggests an effective design strategy of BCP PD to achieve stretchable and efficient PSCs.
Biocompatible Film‐Coating of Magnetic Soft Robots for Mucoadhesive Locomotion
Authors: Wang Chen , Mzyk Aldona , Schirhagl Romana , Misra Sarthak , Venkiteswaran Venkatsubramanian Kalpathy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMagnetically‐actuated soft robots for medical applications are required to be functional, biocompatible, as well as capable of robust motion inside human organs. In this paper, a ring‐shaped magnetic soft robot, with a flexible biopolymeric film coating, capable of motion on mucus‐coated surfaces is designed and investigated. The biopolymeric film made from chitosan–glycerol (C–G) solution endows the robot with robust locomotion capabilities on surfaces of diverse geometrical shapes and orientations. By utilizing mucoadhesive locomotion, the robot has the potential to carry out clinical procedures on enclosed mucus‐coated tissue surfaces. Material characterization shows that the mucoadhesion increases with the increase of contact times and/or preload forces. The softness of the C–G film can be adjusted by controlling the concentration of glycerol. The ring‐shaped design and magnetization profile decouple the locomotion and functions of the robot. Additionally, the C–G film‐coated robot is tested to be biocompatible for a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line with epithelial morphology (HT29). The C–G film reduces the negative effects (superoxide generation) of ferromagnetic particles. Three robot functions including pick‐and‐place, cargo transportation, and liquid capsule release are demonstrated on different surfaces to show the maneuverability, functionality, and potential of implementing clinical procedures through mucoadhesion.
Altering the Atomic Order in Nanosized CHA Zeolites by Postsynthetic Silylation Treatment
Authors: Ghojavand Sajjad , Dib Eddy , Riodent Baptiste , Magisson Aymeric , Ruaux Valérie , Mintova Svetlana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, a new post‐synthetic hydrothermal approach leading to simultaneous dealumination and silylation of zeolite nanocrystals is presented. Starting from a nanosized chabazite (CHA) type zeolite with a Si/Al ratio equal to 2, a set of samples with Si/Al ratios up to 4 are obtained by altering the acidity and concentration of the added silica modifier during the post‐synthesis treatment leading to concurrent dealumination and silylation. The effect of the acidity during the post‐synthetic silylation treatment at different pH of 1.0–8.5 at a constant silicon concentration is investigated. The nanosized CHA samples are characterized in details by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy (1H, 29Si, 27Al), X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. The post‐synthesis approach reported here can be applied to other zeolite types for fine‐tuning of their structural features including type and location of T‐atoms, silanol sites, and active sites.
Plasma‐Activated Hydrogels for Microbial Disinfection
Authors: Chen Jinkun , Wang Zifeng , Sun Jiachen , Zhou Renwu , Guo Li , Zhang Hao , Liu Dingxin , Rong Mingzhe , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA continuous risk from microbial infections poses a major environmental and public health challenge. As an emerging strategy for inhibiting bacterial infections, plasma‐activated water (PAW) has proved to be highly effective, environmental‐friendly, and non‐drug resistant to a broad range of microorganisms. However, the relatively short lifetime of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and the high spreadability of liquid PAW inevitably limit its real‐life applications. In this study, plasma‐activated hydrogel (PAH) is developed to act as reactive species carrier that allow good storage and controlled slow‐release of RONS to achieve long‐term antibacterial effects. Three hydrogel materials, including hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carbomer 940 (Carbomer), and acryloyldimethylammonium taurate/VP copolymer (AVC) are selected, and their antibacterial performances under different plasma activation conditions are investigated. It is shown that the composition of the gels plays the key role in determining their biochemical functions after the plasma activation. The antimicrobial performance of AVC is much better than that of PAW and the other two hydrogels, along with the excellent stability to maintain the antimicrobial activity for more than 14 days. The revealed mechanism of the antibacterial ability of the PAH identifies the unique combination of short‐lived species (1O2, ∙OH, ONOO− and O2−) stored in hydrogels. Overall, this study demonstrates the efficacy and reveals the mechanisms of the PAH as an effective and long‐term disinfectant capable of delivering and preserving antibacterial chemistries for biomedical applications.
Re‐evaluation of the economic threshold for Crocidosema aporema injury to indeterminate Bt soybean cultivars
Authors: Hayashida Rafael , Hoback Willian Wyatt , Dourado Patrick Marques , Bueno Adeney de Freitas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe neotropical soybean budborer (Crocidosema aporema [Walsingham, 1914] [Lepidoptera: Tortricidae]) is classified as a major pest of soybean that is difficult to manage with insecticides because larvae cause leaf‐rolling and can bore into the stem. Genetically modified Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) soybean has been effective in managing C. aporema populations until recently when resistance has emerged and high infestation rates have been observed in Brazilian Bt soybean fields expressing Cry1Ac. The economic threshold (ET) for C. aporema was previously studied only in conventional (non‐Bt) determinate varieties of soybean. The present work evaluated the potential of C. aporema to injure indeterminate Bt soybean cultivars in two independent field trials carried out in 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 growing seasons. One field trial compared the response of individual injured and noninjured plants in the same field. The number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and seed mass per plant in 12 of 13 trials were similar. In the second field trial, areas with and without insecticide applications were compared. There was a reduction in C. aporema damage after three insecticide applications, but yields were similar between treatments. Based on these results, C. aporema had low potential to cause economic injury to indeterminant Bt soybean cultivars. Thus, the current ET for C. aporema of 25%–30% of infested plants can be increased to 50%.
Total Synthesis of Diverse Tetramic Acid Bearing cis‐Decalin Natural Products
Authors: Dong Haoran , Hu Dachao , Hong Benke , Wang Jin , Lei Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report herein the first total syntheses of four natural antibiotics, vermisporin, PF1052/AB4015‐A, AB4015‐L, AB4015‐B, and one hydrogenated natural product derivative, AB4015‐A2, that all feature a tetramic acid bearing cis‐decalin ring. The construction of the functionalized cis‐decalin ring was achieved by a diastereoselective intramolecular Diels‐Alder (IMDA) reaction, which proceeded via a rare endo‐boat transition state. Through an intramolecular neighboring‐group‐oriented strategy, the sterically hindered epoxy group in vermisporin, PF1052/AB4015‐A and AB4015‐L was installed efficiently. A one‐pot aminolysis/Dieckmann condensation cascade using l‐amino acid derivatives afforded the desired tetramic acid structure. The total synthesis led to the unambiguous verification of the absolute configuration of these natural products.
Collective Total Synthesis of Mavacuran Alkaloids through Intermolecular 1,4‐Addition of an Organolithium Reagent**
Authors: Mauger Audrey , Jarret Maxime , Tap Aurélien , Perrin Rémi , Guillot Régis , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Gandon Vincent , Vincent Guillaume 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report a synthetic endeavor towards the highly strained pentacyclic caged framework of the mavacuran alkaloids which culminated with the concise total synthesis of C‐fluorocurine, C‐profluorocurine, C‐mavacurine, normavacurine, 16‐epi‐pleiocarpamine and taberdivarine H. We designed a strategy involving late‐stage construction of the D ring by Michael addition of a vinylic nucleophile to a 2‐indolyl acrylate moiety. While the intramolecular Michael addition did not succeed, we were able to perform a diastereoselective unusual intermolecular 1,4‐addition of a functionalized vinyl lithium reagent to a readily accessible Michael acceptor with the assistance of the piperidine nitrogen atom through the formation of a complex as suggested by DFT computations. Final cyclization was achieved by nucleophilic substitution to form an ammonium intermediate. The first total syntheses of C‐profluorocurine and C‐fluorocurine were finalized by the dihydroxylation of C‐mavacurine and a pinacol rearrangement, respectively.
Modulating Triplet Excited States of Organic Semiconductors via Tuning Molecular Conformation for Dual‐ratiometric Thermometers
Authors: Chen Hao , Sun Yishuo , Liu Meihui , Li Fuyou , Peng Qian , Huang Hui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe dual‐ratiometric thermometry is one of highly accurate methods for microscopic thermal measurement in biological systems. Herein, a series of chromone derivatives with noncovalently intramolecular interactions (NIIs) were designed and synthesized for ratiometric thermometers. The triplet states of these organic compounds were systematically tuned upon regulating the conformation with NIIs to yield efficient room temperature phosphorescence and large wavelength difference between fluorescence and phosphorescence simultaneously. As a result, an unprecedent organic 3D dual‐ratiometric thermometer was established based on the intensity ratio and lifetime ratio of fluorescence/phosphorescence vs temperature, which was used for in vitro and in vivo bio‐thermometry with high accuracy. This work provides a novel method to achieve organic dual ratiometric thermometers via tuning the triplet excited states.
Deep learning and differential equations for modeling changes in individual‐level latent dynamics between observation periods
Authors: Köber Göran , Kalisch Raffael , Puhlmann Lara M.C. , Chmitorz Andrea , Schick Anita , Binder Harald 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhen modeling longitudinal biomedical data, often dimensionality reduction as well as dynamic modeling in the resulting latent representation is needed. This can be achieved by artificial neural networks for dimension reduction and differential equations for dynamic modeling of individual‐level trajectories. However, such approaches so far assume that parameters of individual‐level dynamics are constant throughout the observation period. Motivated by an application from psychological resilience research, we propose an extension where different sets of differential equation parameters are allowed for observation subperiods. Still, estimation for intra‐individual subperiods is coupled for being able to fit the model also with a relatively small dataset. We subsequently derive prediction targets from individual dynamic models of resilience in the application. These serve as outcomes for predicting resilience from characteristics of individuals, measured at baseline and a follow‐up time point, and selecting a small set of important predictors. Our approach is seen to successfully identify individual‐level parameters of dynamic models that allow to stably select predictors, that is, resilience factors. Furthermore, we can identify those characteristics of individuals that are the most promising for updates at follow‐up, which might inform future study design. This underlines the usefulness of our proposed deep dynamic modeling approach with changes in parameters between observation subperiods.
Luminescence investigation of CaY2Al4SiO12:Dy3+ phosphor synthesized by sol–gel method
Authors: Verma Anita , Sharma Ravi , Bisen Durga Prasad , Brahme Nameeta , Thakkar Kamlesh , Tigga Shalinta , Chandrakar Priya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDy3+‐doped CaY2Al4SiO12 phosphors were prepared using the sol–gel method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses (EDS) were used to analyse the crystal structure, morphology, and elemental composition of the prepared samples. The luminescence behaviour of the sample was investigated using photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) techniques. The prepared CaY2Al4SiO12:xDy3+ phosphor showed a characteristic blue and yellow emission at ~480 and 583 nm, respectively, with an excitation wavelength of 350 nm. The most intense PL emission was found for a 4 mol% doping concentration of Dy3+ ions. The CIE diagram of the phosphor showed bluish‐white colour emission. For TL studies, the prepared phosphors were irradiated with a 60Co γ (gamma) source and the TL glow curve of the CaY2Al4SiO12:0.04Dy3+ phosphor showed three overlapped peaks. For the Gaussian peaks, Chen's peak shape method was applied to determine the kinetic parameters of the samples.