bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution
Authors: Yang Deming , Lian Jijian , Zhao Xin , Hou Qingzhi , Chen Yunfei , Zhang Yue 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe calculation of the number of ice crystals for the model of frazil ice evolution is very important and affects the whole frazil events. In this paper, the general formula for the number of frazil ice crystals was established considering secondary nucleation, flocculation, gravity and turbulent entrainment, and ice crystals by melting. Meanwhile, two physical processes of secondary nucleation and flocculation were expressed by introducing critical impact velocity and the probability of flocculation from previous models. It has been found that the simulation results of frazil ice evolution are in good agreement with the experimental data and actual project. Then, Sobol method is carried out to judge parameters’ influence degree, which found the number of nuclei produced $$E$$
E
is the most sensitive and has the greatest influence on the model results. In addition, sensitivity analysis of these parameters shows that they can affect the maximum supercooling and the period of supercooling. Therefore, the calculation method of the number of ice crystals is applied, which provides technical support for exploring the water temperature and internal relationship of frazil ice evolution.
Mechanism of bubbles formation and anomalous phase separation in the CoNiP system
Authors: Panasyuk Maria I. , Zubar Tatiana I. , Usovich Tatsiana I. , Tishkevich Daria I. , Kanafyev Oleg D. , Fedkin Vladimir A. , Kotelnikova Anna N. , Trukhanov Sergei V. , Michels Dominik , Lyakhov Dmitry , Vershinina Tatiana N. , Fedosyuk Valery M. , Trukhanov Alex V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study announces the anomalous phase separation in CoNiP alloy electroplating. The observed phenomenon of the formation of magnetic bubbles was described for the first time for this triple CoNiP system. This study briefly covers all stages of magnetic bubble formation, starting from the formation of an amorphous phosphor-rich sublayer, followed by nucleation centers, and finally cobalt-rich bubbles. An explanation for the anomalous mechanism of bubble formation was found in the effects of additives and the phenomena of depolarization and superpolarization.
Comparative study on landslide susceptibility mapping based on unbalanced sample ratio
Authors: Tang Li , Yu Xianyu , Jiang Weiwei , Zhou Jianguo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Zigui–Badong section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area is used as the research area in this study to research the impact of unbalanced sample sets on Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (LSM) and determine the sample ratio interval with the best performance for different models. We employ 12 LSM factors, five training sample sets with different sample ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, and 1:16), and C5.0, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), and one-dimensional Convolution Neural Network (CNN) models are used to obtain landslide susceptibility index and landslide susceptibility zoning in the study area, respectively. The prediction performance of the model is evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve area under the curve value, five statistical methods, and specific category precision. The results show that the CNN, SVM, and LR models in the sample ratio of 1:2 achieve better performance than on the balanced sample set, which indicates the importance of the unbalanced sample set in training the LSM modeling. The C5.0 model is always in a state of overfitting in this study and needs to be further studied. The conclusions put forward in this study help improve the scientificity and reliability of LSM.
LCRMP-1 is required for spermatogenesis and stabilises spermatid F-actin organization via the PI3K-Akt pathway
Authors: Chang Jung-Hsuan , Chou Chia-Hua , Wu Jui-Ching , Liao Keng-Mao , Luo Wei-Jia , Hsu Wei-Lun , Chen Xuan-Ren , Yu Sung-Liang , Pan Szu-Hua , Yang Pan-Chyr , Su Kang-Yi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLong-form collapsin response mediator protein-1 (LCRMP-1) belongs to the CRMP family which comprises brain-enriched proteins responsible for axon guidance. However, its role in spermatogenesis remains unclear. Here we find that LCRMP-1 is abundantly expressed in the testis. To characterize its physiological function, we generate LCRMP-1-deficient mice (Lcrmp-1−/−). These mice exhibit aberrant spermiation with apoptotic spermatids, oligospermia, and accumulation of immature testicular cells, contributing to reduced fertility. In the seminiferous epithelial cycle, LCRMP-1 expression pattern varies in a stage-dependent manner. LCRMP-1 is highly expressed in spermatids during spermatogenesis and especially localized to the spermiation machinery during spermiation. Mechanistically, LCRMP-1 deficiency causes disorganized F-actin due to unbalanced signaling of F-actin dynamics through upregulated PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling. In conclusion, LCRMP-1 maintains spermatogenesis homeostasis by modulating cytoskeleton remodeling for spermatozoa release.
Machine learning-enabled globally guaranteed evolutionary computation
Authors: Li Bin , Wei Ziping , Wu Jingjing , Yu Shuai , Zhang Tian , Zhu Chunli , Zheng Dezhi , Guo Weisi , Zhao Chenglin , Zhang Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvolutionary computation, for example, particle swarm optimization, has impressive achievements in solving complex problems in science and industry; however, an important open problem in evolutionary computation is that there is no theoretical guarantee of reaching the global optimum and general reliability; this is due to the lack of a unified representation of diverse problem structures and a generic mechanism by which to avoid local optima. This unresolved challenge impairs trust in the applicability of evolutionary computation to a variety of problems. Here we report an evolutionary computation framework aided by machine learning, named EVOLER, which enables the theoretically guaranteed global optimization of a range of complex non-convex problems. This is achieved by: (1) learning a low-rank representation of a problem with limited samples, which helps to identify an attention subspace; and (2) exploring this small attention subspace via the evolutionary computation method, which helps to reliably avoid local optima. As validated on 20 challenging benchmarks, this method finds the global optimum with a probability approaching 1. We use EVOLER to tackle two important problems: power grid dispatch and the inverse design of nanophotonics devices. The method consistently reached optimal results that were challenging to achieve with previous state-of-the-art methods. EVOLER takes a leap forwards in globally guaranteed evolutionary computation, overcoming the uncertainty of data-driven black-box methods, and offering broad prospects for tackling complex real-world problems.
Multimodal immunogenomic biomarker analysis of tumors from pediatric patients enrolled to a phase 1-2 study of single-agent atezolizumab
Authors: Nabbi Arash , Danesh Arnavaz , Espin-Garcia Osvaldo , Pedersen Stephanie , Wellum Johanna , Fu Lingyan Helen , Paulson Joseph N. , Geoerger Birgit , Marshall Lynley V. , Trippett Tanya , Rossato Gianluca , Pugh Trevor J. , Hutchinson Katherine E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe report herein an exploratory biomarker analysis of refractory tumors collected from pediatric patients before atezolizumab therapy (iMATRIX-atezolizumab, NCT02541604). Elevated levels of CD8+ T cells and PD-L1 were associated with progression-free survival and a diverse baseline infiltrating T-cell receptor repertoire was prognostic. Differential gene expression analysis revealed elevated expression of CALCA (preprocalcitonin) and CCDC183 (highly expressed in testes) in patients who experienced clinical activity, suggesting that tumor neoantigens from these genes may contribute to immune response. In patients who experienced partial response or stable disease, elevated Igα2 expression correlated with T- and B-cell infiltration, suggesting that tertiary lymphoid structures existed in these patients’ tumors. Consensus gene co-expression network analysis identified core cellular pathways that may play a role in antitumor immunity. Our study uncovers features associated with response to immune-checkpoint inhibition in pediatric patients with cancer and provides biological and translational insights to guide prospective biomarker profiling in future clinical trials.
PD-L1 blockade in combination with carboplatin as immune induction in metastatic lobular breast cancer: the GELATO trial
Authors: Voorwerk Leonie , Isaeva Olga I. , Horlings Hugo M. , Balduzzi Sara , Chelushkin Maksim , Bakker Noor A. M. , Champanhet Elisa , Garner Hannah , Sikorska Karolina , Loo Claudette E. , Kemper Inge , Mandjes Ingrid A. M. , de Maaker Michiel , van Geel Jasper J. L. , Boers Jorianne , de Boer Maaike , Salgado Roberto , van Dongen Marloes G. J. , Sonke Gabe S. , de Visser Karin E. , Schumacher Ton N. , Blank Christian U. , Wessels Lodewyk F. A. , Jager Agnes , Tjan-Heijnen Vivianne C. G. , Schröder Carolien P. , Linn Sabine C. , Kok Marleen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInvasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is the second most common histological breast cancer subtype, but ILC-specific trials are lacking. Translational research revealed an immune-related ILC subset, and in mouse ILC models, synergy between immune checkpoint blockade and platinum was observed. In the phase II GELATO trial (NCT03147040), patients with metastatic ILC were treated with weekly carboplatin (area under the curve 1.5 mg ml–1 min–1) as immune induction for 12 weeks and atezolizumab (PD-L1 blockade; triweekly) from the third week until progression. Four of 23 evaluable patients had a partial response (17%), and 2 had stable disease, resulting in a clinical benefit rate of 26%. From these six patients, four had triple-negative ILC (TN-ILC). We observed higher CD8+ T cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression and exhausted T cells after treatment. With this GELATO trial, we show that ILC-specific clinical trials are feasible and demonstrate promising antitumor activity of atezolizumab with carboplatin, particularly for TN-ILC, and provide insights for the design of highly needed ILC-specific trials.
Quantitative characterization of orogens through isotopic mapping
Authors: Wang Tao , Xiao Wenjiao , Collins William J. , Tong Ying , Hou Zengqian , Huang He , Wang Xiaoxia , Lin Shoufa , Seltmann Reimar , Wang Chaoyang , Han Baofu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe relationship between orogens and crustal growth is a fundamental issue in the Earth sciences. Here we present Nd isotope mapping results of felsic and intermediate igneous rocks from eight representative and well-studied Phanerozoic orogens. The results illustrate the distribution of isotopic domains that reflect the compositional architecture of the orogens. We calculated the areal proportion of juvenile crust and divided the orogens into five types: (i) highly juvenile (with >70% juvenile crust); (ii) moderately juvenile (70–50%; e.g., the Altaids with ~58% and the North American Cordillera with ~54%); (iii) mixed juvenile and reworked (50–30%; e.g., the Newfoundland Appalachians with ~40% and the Lachlan Orogen with ~31%); (iv) reworked (30–10%); (v) highly reworked (<10%; e.g., the Tethyan Tibet (~3%), Caledonides (~1%), Variscides (~1%), and the Qinling-Dabie Orogen (<1%)). This study presents an approach for quantitatively characterizing orogens based on compositional architecture through isotope mapping, and for investigating the relationships between orogenesis and continental growth.
Tailoring multifunctional anions to inhibit methanol absorption on a CsPbBr3 quantum dot surface for highly efficient semi-transparent photovoltaics
Authors: Xu Yinyan , Niu Pujun , Zhang Lun , Wen Ziying , Cheng Sheng , Lyu Mei , Zhu Jun 
Published: April 2023

A simple anion modification strategy was developed to inhibit MeOH absorption in CsPbBr3 QDs. The CsPbBr3 QD solar cell yielded a PCE of 7.04%, which is the highest PCE reported for CsPbBr3 QD solar cells to date.
Graduate-Level Training of Speech-Language Pathologists for the Provision of Auditory Rehabilitation
Authors: Henton Alice , Glade Rachel 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
This study investigated the type and amount of graduate-level training speech-language pathology students receive in the area of auditory rehabilitation to prepare them to provide clinical services for individuals with hearing loss.

Method:
The curricula of 251 accredited speech-language pathology programs in the United States were reviewed. The data were used to document the current trends in higher education to prepare speech-language pathology students to provide auditory rehabilitation.

Results:
Only 52% of the graduate programs required a course related to auditory rehabilitation, while 12% offered courses only as elective content.

Conclusions:
Given the scope of practice of speech-language pathologists and the increased likelihood of working with individuals with hearing loss due to an upward trend in the diagnosis of hearing loss, it is important that higher education programs ensure that future speech-language pathologists are prepared to provide auditory rehabilitation and be well prepared for working with individuals with hearing loss across the life span. A review of curricula as well as a strong consideration to require an auditory rehabilitation course and clinical training at the graduate level for speech-language pathologists is warranted.
Cluster aggregates surrounding Pismis 5 in the Vela molecular ridge
Authors: Qin Ming Feng , Zhang Yu , Liu Jinzhong , Song Fangfang , Hu Qingshun , Wang Haozhi , Ma Shuo , Lü Guoliang 
Published: April 2023

Context.In theGaiaera, the precision of astrometric data is unprecedented. High-quality data make it easier to find more cluster aggregates and gather further confirmation of these open clusters.Aims.We useGaiaData Release 3 (DR3) to redetermine the open clusters surrounding Pismis 5 in the Vela molecular ridge (VMR). We also investigate the basic properties of these clusters.Methods.We applied two clustering algorithms (STARGO and pyUPMASK) to identify the open-cluster members in five-dimensional space withα,δ,ϖ,μαcos δ, andμδ.Results.We identify eight open clusters surrounding Pismis 5 in the VMR. The open cluster QZ 1 is newly discovered. As a result of our investigation of the comprehensive properties of the clusters, we present one open binary cluster candidate (Alessi 43 and Collinder 197) and one triple open-cluster candidate (Pismis 5, Pismis 5A, and Pismis 5B).Conclusions.We identify binary and triple open-cluster candidates as potential primordial aggregates based on their similar age, position, and motion. According to kinematic speculations, the two aggregate candidates will gradually separate, and their interiors will slowly disintegrate.
Comparison of laboratory and in situ reflectance spectra of Chang’e-5 lunar soil
Authors: Chang Rui , Lin Honglei , Yang Wei , Ruan Renhao , Liu Xiaoying , Tian Heng-Ci , Xu Jiafei 
Published: April 2023

Context.Reflectance spectra provide essential information on the mineralogical composition of a planetary surface. However, the spectral characteristics of lunar soil are significantly influenced by its photometric properties, coupled with space weathering and particle size.Aims.China’s Chang’e-5 (CE5) mission returned lunar soil samples and obtained in situ spectra of the sampling site, enabling us to compare the laboratory and in situ analyses of the same sample.Methods.In this study, we measured the reflectance spectra of the bulk CE5 soil and two size fractions (<45 and 45–355 μm) at various phase angles (41.3° to 101.3°).Results.The photometric properties of the CE5 samples exhibit back scattering, whereas an in situ measurement appears as forward scattering, indicating that in situ photometric experiments are always necessary for spectral exploration on the Moon. In addition, the scattering properties of the <45-μm fraction are closer to the in situ spectral data, suggesting that the finer fraction could be more representative of pristine lunar soil. The maturity of CE5 soil is estimated to be submature to mature based on the spectral ratio between 750 nm and 950 nm.
Relativistic theory for time and frequency transfer through flowing media with an application to the atmosphere of Earth
Authors: Geršl Jan 
Published: April 2023

Context. Several space missions that will use atomic clocks on board of an Earth-orbiting satellite are planned for the near future, such as the Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) or the Space Optical Clock on the International Space Station (I-SOC). The increasing accuracies of the developed clocks and of the links connecting them with ground stations impose corresponding accuracy requirements for theoretical models of electromagnetic signal propagation through the atmosphere of Earth and for the related time and frequency transfer corrections. For example, the fractional frequency accuracy of the optical lattice clock for the I-SOC project is about 10−17.
Aims. We develop a relativistic model of one- and two-way time and frequency transfer. In addition to the gravitational effects, it also includes the effects of atmospheric refractivity and atmospheric flows within the relativistic framework.
Methods. The model is based on an analytical solution of the equation of motion of a light ray in spacetime filled with a medium: the null geodesic equation of Gordon’s optical metric.
Results. Explicit formulas for one- and two-way time and frequency transfer corrections are given using realistic fields of the gravitational potential, the refractive index, and the wind speed, taking nonstationarity and deviations from spherical symmetry into account. Numerical examples are provided that focus on two-way ground-to-satellite transfer, with satellite parameters similar to those of the International Space Station. The effect of the atmospheric refractive index increases as the satellite position moves from zenith to horizon, and it is shown that the effect ranges from 0 ps to 5 ps for two-way time transfer and from 10−17 to 10−13 for two-way frequency transfer, with a steep increase as the satellite approaches the horizon. The effect of the wind contribution is well below 1 ps for the two-way time transfer for normal atmospheric conditions, but for the two-way frequency transfer, the effect can be significant: A contribution of 10−17 is possible for a horizontal wind field with a velocity magnitude of about 11 m s−1.
Conclusions. The atmospheric effects including the effect of wind should be considered in the forthcoming clock-on-satellite experiments such as ACES or I-SOC.
Extreme Sleep Spindles in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Related Disorders—A Case Series
Authors: Kaku Sowmyashree Mayur , James Manjula William , Sarma Gosala R. K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtreme sleep spindles have fast activity and high amplitude, unlike normal sleep spindles. We report a case series of six children with autism and related disorders who had extreme spindles as noted on the sleep electroencephalogram recording at our center. We examine the types of extreme spindles, describe the clinical profiles of the 6 children, and discuss similar clinical and neurophysiological conditions.
How an Aggressive Treatment of No-reflow Phenomenon in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with High Thrombus Burden can Achieve a Grade III TIMI-flow: A Case Report
Authors: Martha Januar Wibawa , Putra Iwan Cahyo Santosa , Kamarullah William , Husink Aron , Sihite Teddy Arnold 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction The management of the no-reflow phenomenon is still being debated by experts as there is no specific algorithm, limited recommended drug choices, and insufficient data regarding the combination of drugs in currently available guidelines. Thus, in this case report, we would like to propose a new combination of drugs as an alternative to the recommended drugs of choice in the treatment of no-reflow phenomenon.
Case Presentation A 41-year-old man arrived at the emergency department complaining of chest pain 30 minutes prior to arrival. However, the patient was later diagnosed with extensive anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction, KILLIP classification I, which was caused by the entire blockage of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. Angiography was conducted after stent placement during the main percutaneous coronary intervention and revealed grade I thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI)-flow with no coronary artery blockage. We then used an intracoronary approach to give nitroglycerin, heparin, and eptifibatide. The findings of posttreatment angiography revealed an improvement in coronary blood flow with a grade II TIMI flow. Furthermore, intravenous injection of eptifibatide and morphine effectively restored perfusion to a grade III TIMI flow.
Conclusion Aggressive and precise treatment with a drug of choice is required to counteract the no-reflow phenomenon. Presently, only a limited range of first-line medications are available to treat this condition. Not only that, but several of the prescribed medications are not easily accessible, especially in developing countries. Therefore, we offer a novel combination medicaments consisting of nitroglycerin, heparin, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor as an alternative treatment of the no-reflow phenomenon.
Minimized Hemodiafiltration for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Infants
Authors: Kwapil Nicola , Teske Andreas , Dittrich Sven , Blumauer Robert , Cuomo Michela , Purbojo Ariawan , Münch Frank 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground Fluid overload is a serious complication in the treatment of infants with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Volume overload leads to prolonged ECMO therapy if left untreated. The renal replacement therapy of choice in pediatric patients is peritoneal dialysis or conventional dialysis using a “large” hemofiltration machine via a Shaldon catheter or directly connected to the ECMO system. This study describes the implementation of a novel minimized hemodiafiltration (HDF) system in pediatric patients on ECMO.Methods This retrospective analysis included 13 infants up to 5 kg who underwent 15 veno-arterial (V-A) ECMO runs with HDF. A minimized HDF system is integrated into an existing ECMO system (18 mL priming volume), connected post-oxygenation to the venous line, before the ECMO pump. Two infusion pumps are attached to the inlet and outlet of the hemofilter to control the HDF system.In addition to retention values (creatine and urea) at six defined time points, flow rates, dialysis parameters, and volume withdrawal were examined, as well as the number of HDF system changes.Results With a mean ECMO runtime of 156 hours, the HDF system was utilized for 131 hours. The mean blood flow through the hemofilter was 192 mL/min. The mean dialysate flow was 170 mL/h, with a mean volume deprivation of 39 mL/h. The HDF system was changed once in seven cases and twice in three cases.Conclusion There were no complications with the minimized HDF system in all 15 applications. It allows safe patient volume management when treating infants with ECMO, with effective elimination of urinary substances.