bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four-dimensional experimental characterization of partially coherent light using incoherent modal decomposition
Authors: Lu Xingyuan , Wang Zhuoyi , Zhao Chengliang , Zhan Qiwen , Cai Yangjian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The intensity distributions and statistics of partially coherent light fields with random fluctuations have proven to be more robust than for coherent light. However, its full potential in practical applications has not been realized due to the lack of four-dimensional optical field measurement. Here, a general incoherent modal decomposition method of partially coherent light field is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The decomposed random modes can be used to, but not limited to, reconstruct average intensity, cross-spectral density, and orthogonal decomposition properties of the partially coherent light fields. The versatility and flexibility of this method allows it to reveal the invariance of light fields and to retrieve embedded information after propagation through complex media. The Gaussian-shell-model beam and partially coherent Gaussian array are used as examples to demonstrate the reconstruction and even prediction of second-order statistics. This method is expected to pave the way for applications of partially coherent light in optical imaging, optical encryption, and antiturbulence optical communication.
An overview of the synthesis of silicon carbide–boron carbide composite powders
Authors: Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recently, silicon carbide–boron carbide composite ceramics have attracted more and more attention. The most important achievements of the silicon carbide–boron carbide composite ceramics should be applied in terms of mechanical, physical, and chemical for use in various advanced industries, such as armor plates, nozzles, abrasive tools, mechanical seals, etc. To prepare silicon carbide–boron carbide composite ceramics with good performance, the synthesis of silicon carbide–boron carbide composite powders is the basis. The synthesis approaches of silicon carbide–boron carbide composite powders are systematically summarized in this review, including ball milling, high-energy ball milling, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), and sol–gel. Particularly, nanosized silicon carbide–boron carbide composite powders can be in situ synthesized by high-energy ball milling, SHS, or sol–gel. When commercial silicon carbide and/or boron carbide powders are used as raw materials to synthesize silicon carbide–boron carbide composite powders, the pretreatment of acid etching can significantly remove oxide layers existing on the surfaces of initial powders.
Digital healthcare: A topical and futuristic review of technological and robotic revolution
Authors: Shilpa  , Kaur Tarandeep , Garg Rachit 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Healthcare sector has become one of the challenging sectors to handle patient records as well as to provide better treatment to patients within a limited period. Covid-19 also exposed the limitations of the healthcare system due to the lack of better services. So, the involvement of information and communication technologies (ICTs) with the healthcare sector brings radical changes at global as well as local levels such as in hospitals and dispensaries. The article enlightened a novel survey technological paradigm that helps to facilitate the digital healthcare. With the use of technologies, the healthcare sectors are becoming more digital, innovative, patient-centric, and more effective. This article explores the proposed technological developments such as real-time health monitoring, generation of electronic health records, patient health record, mhealth, robotics, as well as robot sensors that are associated with healthcare sectors. This article also highlights the role of ICTs in different healthcare-related fields such as education, hospital management, health-related research, and data management as well as lightening the delivery levels of healthcare services. The article deals with the robotic applications in the healthcare field. This article categorizes the technologies as current and futuristic technological innovations enabling healthcare-as-a-service with benefits.
On the distance energy of k-uniform hypergraphs
Authors: Sharma Kshitij , Panda Swarup Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this article, we extend the concept of distance energy for hypergraphs. We first establish a relation between the distance energy and the distance spectral radius. Then, we obtain some bounds for the distance energy in terms of some invariant of hypergraphs such as the determinant of the distance matrix, number of vertices, and Wiener index along with the distance energy of join of

k

k

-uniform hypergraphs. Furthermore, it is shown that the determinant of the distance matrix of

k

k

-uniform hyperstar on

n

n

vertices is

(

−
1

)

n
−
1

(

n
−
1

)

k

n
−
k

k
−
1

{\left(-1)}^{n-1}\left(n-1){k}^{\tfrac{n-k}{k-1}}

. Later, the distance spectrum of

k

k

-uniform hyperstar is obtained, which gives the explicit distance energy of

k

k

-uniform hyperstar.
Linear and Change of Direction Repeated Sprint Ability Tests: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kyles Aaron , Oliver Jon L. , Cahill Micheál J. , Lloyd Rhodri S. , Pedley Jason 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Kyles, A, Oliver, JL, Cahill, MJ, Lloyd, RS, and Pedley, J. Linear and change of direction repeated sprint ability tests: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1703–1717, 2023—The ability to repeatedly sprint is important in many sports, but there is no established protocol for measuring repeated sprint ability (RSA). The purpose of this review was to identify overground RSA protocols previously reported in the literature and to recommend standardized protocols. A systematic review of the literature was used to identify studies that have used an RSA test, with data describing protocol design extracted. One hundred eight studies were included in the review, across which 47 unique protocols were identified. Eighteen protocols included at least one change of direction (COD), and this increased mean sprint time compared with linear RSA tests (7.26 ± 1.84 vs. 4.48 ± 1.02 seconds). There was considerable variability across protocols regarding sprint distance (20–40 m), sprint repetitions (3–15), recovery duration (10–60 seconds), recovery type (active vs. passive), and work-to-rest ratio (≤1:1.4–19.2). Separate protocols are needed for linear and COD tests, and these should reflect the brief nature of intense periods of competition and stress the ability to recover. Based on data across studies for protocol design and to ensure a demanding work-to-rest ratio, it is suggested that a linear RSA should comprise 6 × 30 m sprints separated by 15 seconds of active recovery. To provide some parity to linear tests, to keep work duration brief and to maintain a demanding work-to-rest ratio, a COD RSA should comprise 6 × 30 m shuttle sprints (15 + 15 m), providing one change of direction (180° COD), and maintaining a 15-second active recovery.
Experimental and Analytical Study on Optimal Spacing for Hard-Rock Breaking under Double-Indenter Impact
Authors: Yue Zhongwen , Wang Peng , Li Akang , Ren Meng , Gao Dan , Bu Wenyang , Han Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRock breaking by double hydraulic hammers has a wide application prospect in hard-rock roadway excavation because of its environmental protection and strong rock-breaking ability, but the optimal spacing under double-indenter synchronous impact is not clear. Based on the rock-breaking experimental system under double-indenter synchronous impact established by combining a detachable double-indenter device and Hopkinson pressure bar, the impact tests of three kinds of rocks are carried out, and a theoretical model of specific energy consumption is derived to determine the optimal spacing. The results show that when the indenter spacing is 28 mm, 42 mm, and 14 mm, respectively—that is, when the cross section of the fragmentation crater is in the shape of a “peanut” with a fine middle and two large ends—the concrete, limestone, and sandstone specimens reach the minimum specific energy consumption, which is reduced by 22.55 %, 30.60 %, and 11.85 %, respectively, compared with single-indenter impact. The theoretical model, which explains and verifies the experimental phenomena and results well, can be divided into four zones, and the optimal spacing is in Zone III. The research can be helpful for actual hard-rock tunneling under double hydraulic hammers.
Prevalência de violência contra a mulher e suas repercussões na maternidade / Prevalence of violence against women and its repercussions in maternity
Authors: Rodrigues Priscila Alberton , Cicolella Dayane de Aguiar , Mariot Márcia Dornelles Machado 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de violência contra a mulher e as suas repercussões no processo de maternidade. Método: estudo transversal, realizado no alojamento conjunto de um hospital da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre com 174 mulheres. Resultados: observou-se no estudo que maioria das entrevistadas já vivenciaram algum tipo de violência ao longo da vida (79,2%) e (23,7%) delas, durante o período gestacional. Destaca-se que o principal agressor na maioria dos casos foi o companheiro (47,9%) e que elas relataram que o fato de terem sofrido violência poderá influenciar nos cuidados com seu filho. Conclusões: ter sofrido violência não influenciou na decisão da maioria das entrevistadas de serem mães, mas, sim, na propensão aos cuidados excessivos com seu filho.
Avaliação do nível de estresse em acadêmicos de enfermagem de uma universidade pública / Stress level assessment in nursing students of a public university
Authors: Alves Gabriela Rodrigues dos Santos , Ferreira Eric Batista , Monteiro Cristiane Aparecida Silveira , De Andrade Maria Betânia Tinti , Alves Mariane Inaraí , Bressan Vânia Regina , Da Silva Simone Albino 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: avaliar o estresse em acadêmicos de enfermagem de uma universidade pública, identificando seu nível, comparando-o entre diferentes períodos e verificando correlação entre variáveis socioeconômicas. Método: estudo transversal, com 93 acadêmicos de 128, selecionados por conveniência. Dados coletados em dezembro de 2019, com instrumento socioeconômico e Escala de Avaliação de Estresse em Estudantes de Enfermagem. Análise feita com testes de Qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, Análise de Variância e Scott-Knott, 5% de significância. Resultados: predominou o nível médio de estresse (63,44%). Morar em república foi associado aos escores alto e médio de estresse comparado a morar com família (P=0,04). Nunca ter trabalhado foi associado aos escores altos de estresse. Concluintes apresentaram nível muito alto de estresse em “Formação Profissional” (13,71) e nível alto de estresse em “Realização das Atividades Práticas” (13) e “Comunicação Profissional” (7,28). Conclusão: a avaliação indica necessidade de intervenções sociais e na formação profissional.
Unrepaired base excision repair intermediates in template DNA strands trigger replication fork collapse and PARP inhibitor sensitivity
Authors: Serrano‐Benitez Almudena , Wells Sophie E , Drummond‐Clarke Lylah , Russo Lilian C , Thomas John Christopher , Leal Giovanna A , Farrow Mark , Edgerton James Michael , Balasubramanian Shankar , Yang Ming , Frezza Christian , Gautam Amit , Brazina Jan , Burdova Kamila , Hoch Nicolas C , Jackson Stephen P , Caldecott Keith W 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDNA single‐strand breaks (SSBs) disrupt DNA replication and induce chromosome breakage. However, whether SSBs induce chromosome breakage when present behind replication forks or ahead of replication forks is unclear. To address this question, we exploited an exquisite sensitivity of SSB repair‐defective human cells lacking PARP activity or XRCC1 to the thymidine analogue 5‐chloro‐2′‐deoxyuridine (CldU). We show that incubation with CldU in these cells results in chromosome breakage, sister chromatid exchange, and cytotoxicity by a mechanism that depends on the S phase activity of uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG). Importantly, we show that CldU incorporation in one cell cycle is cytotoxic only during the following cell cycle, when it is present in template DNA. In agreement with this, while UNG induces SSBs both in nascent strands behind replication forks and in template strands ahead of replication forks, only the latter trigger fork collapse and chromosome breakage. Finally, we show that BRCA‐defective cells are hypersensitive to CldU, either alone and/or in combination with PARP inhibitor, suggesting that CldU may have clinical utility.
Diagnosis and Management of Pneumonia in Infants Less Than 90 Days of Age
Authors: Amirault Janine P. , Porter John J. , Hirsch Alexander W. , Lipsett Susan C. , Neuman Mark I. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND
Current guidelines and recent studies on pediatric pneumonia pertain to children older than 3 months of age. Little information exists regarding the diagnostic evaluation, management, and outcomes of infants less than 90 days with pneumonia.

METHODS
We compared infants &lt;90 days of age diagnosed with pneumonia across 38 US children’s hospitals from 2016 to 2021 to children 90 days to 5 years of age. We evaluated whether differences exist in patient characteristics, diagnostic testing, antibiotic treatment, and outcomes between young infants and older children. Additionally, we assessed seasonal variability and trends over time in pneumonia diagnoses by age group.

RESULTS
Among 109 796 children diagnosed with pneumonia, 3128 (2.8%) were &lt;90 days of age. Compared with older children, infants &lt;90 days had more laboratory testing performed (88.6% vs 48.8%, P &lt; .001; median number of laboratory tests 4 [interquartile range: 2–5] vs 0 [interquartile range: 0–3] respectively), with wide variation in testing across hospitals. Chest radiograph utilization did not differ by age group. Infants &lt;90 days were more likely to be hospitalized and require respiratory support than older children. Seasonal variation was observed for pneumonia encounters in both age groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Infants &lt;90 days with pneumonia were more likely to undergo laboratory testing, be hospitalized, and require respiratory support than children 90 days to 5 years of age. This may reflect inherent differences in the pathophysiology of pneumonia by age, the manner in which pneumonia is diagnosed, or possible overuse of testing in infants.
Sekonder lenfödemli bir hastada tüp mide cerrahisi öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan kompleks boşaltıcı fizyoterapinin etkinliği: vaka raporu
Authors: ABAKAY Hanife , DOĞAN Hanife , ATİLABEY GÜÇ Ayşe , AKBAYRAK Türkan 
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Bu vaka sunumunun amacı, over kanseri ile ilişkili sekonder lenfödemi olan bir hastada tüp mide cerrahisi (TMC) öncesinde lenfödem şikayeti için uygulanan Kompleks Boşaltıcı Fizyoterapi (KBF) ile aynı hastada TMC sonrasında uygulanan KBF’nin etkisini incelemek ve KBF’nin beden algısı, yaşam kalitesi ve anksiyete seviyesi üzerine olan etkisini araştırmaktı.
Yöntem: Bu vaka raporuna over kanseri ile ilişkili unilateral (sol) alt ekstremitesinde sekonder lenfödem gelişen 44 yaşındaki kadın hasta dahil edildi. Hastaya TMC öncesi ve TMC sonrası 30 seans KBF uygulandı. Tüm değerlendirmeler KBF uygulamasından önce ve sonra yapıldı. Ödem şiddeti çevre ölçümü ve doku altı sıvı yüzdesi (doku altı dielektrik sabiti) ölçümleri ile belirlendi. Hastanın beden algısı, yaşam kalitesi ve anksiyete düzeyi sırasıyla Beden Algısı Ölçeği (BAÖ), Lenfödem Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi (LYMQOL) ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI) kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çevre ölçümlerinde en belirgin azalmanın TMC sonrası uygulanan KBF ile quadriceps kasının orta noktasında olduğu bulundu (KBF’den önce 101,1cm→KBF’den sonra 60,8cm). TMC öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan KBF ile sol alt ekstremite doku altı sıvı yüzdelerinde en çok azalmanın sırasıyla malleol (%35,54) ve bacaktaki (%36,84) ölçüm noktalarında olduğu görüldü. TMC sonrası uygulanan KBF ile BAÖ, LYMQOL ve STAI puanları sırasıyla 89, 2,27, 46 puan olarak bulundu.
Sonuç: Bu vaka sunumu TMC öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan KBF’nin lenfödem şiddetini azaltmada ve beden algısını, yaşam kalitesini ve kaygı düzeyini iyileştirmede etkili bir yöntem olduğunu gösterdi. Obez lenfödemli hastalarda TMC öncesi uygulanan KBF’nin cerrahi sonrasındaki tedavinin başarısı üzerine olan etkisini belirlemek için randomize kontrollü çalışmalar planlanmalıdır.
Bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinimi olan çocukların kardeşlerinin katılım düzeylerinin incelenmesi: anne perspektifi
Authors: TÜRKER Duygu , GÜMÜŞ Öznur , KORKEM YORULMAZ Duygu , YILDIRIM ŞAHAN Tezel 
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Özel gereksinimli bir çocuğa sahip olmak aileler için birçok sorunu beraberinde getirmekte aile yapısında, işleyişinde ve aile üyelerinin rollerinde değişiklikler yaratmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinimli çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren kardeşlerinin katılım düzeyleri ile, katılım düzeylerini etkileyen bariyer ve destekleyicileri anne perspektifinden incelemekti.
Yöntem: Çalışma bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinime sahip olan 8-17 yaş aralığındaki çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren, herhangi bir kronik rahatsızlığı olmayan kardeşleri ve anneleri ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma, bilişsel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan grupta 30 (yaş ortalaması=12,5±2,25 yıl; 10 kadın, 20 erkek), bedensel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan grupta 30 (yaş ortalaması=11,87±2,60 yıl; 16 kadın, 14 erkek) olmak üzere toplam 60 birey ile tamamlandı. Çalışmada sosyo-demografik bilgi formu ve katılımı değerlendirmek için Çocuklar ve Gençler İçin Katılım ve Çevre Ölçümü (PEM-CY) anketi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Bedensel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan çocukların okul ve toplumsal ortamlardaki etkinliklerdeki katılım düzeyleri diğer grup ile karşılaştırıldığında daha fazla idi. Bu grupta yer alan bireyler toplumsal ortamda daha fazla çevresel desteğe sahip idi (p
An alternative postural control test: Correlation of modified functional reach with limits of stability
Authors: KARABULUT Mustafa , GÜRSES Emre , AKSOY Songül 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation of Functional Reach Test (FRT) and its modified versions (mFRTs) with the outcomes of Limits of Stability (LoS), and to identify the most appropriate test method to use in postural control assessment.
Methods: Forty-six participants were included in the study. The participants performed FRT and mFRTs: firm ground dominant arm (FRT), firm ground both arms (FRTFB), soft ground dominant arm (FRTSD), soft ground both arms (FRTSB) and firm ground lateral FRTs. LoS was carried out with static posturography. The correlation of FRT and mFRTs with LoS parameters was evaluated as reaching distance and movement time.
Results: A strong positive correlation was found between FRTFB and LoS-I (forward direction) endpoint excursion and maximum excursion (p
Combined HPV and CINtec PLUS testing for triaging cervical cancer screening in a Belgian cohort
Authors: Louise Cras , Stefanie Brock , Kurt Barbé , Hanne Locy , Glenn Broeckx , Shaira Sahebali 
Published: July 2023

Background: Cytological screening with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) triage for equivocal results has been the routine screening procedure for cervical cancer for years worldwide. The dual-marker stain p16/Ki67 (CINtec PLUS) has been shown to offer high sensitivity and specificity in the triage of women at risk of developing HPV-related precancerous lesions. We evaluated the utility of CINtec PLUS in women with normal cytology and a positive HPV test, to see if this test can be used as a prognostic biomarker.  Methods: Women of 18 years or older were assembled between January 2018 and December 2022 at two different study sites. These were cytology negative for intra-epithelial Neoplasia (NILM) and a positive HPV test. The prognostic value of the CINtec PLUS test for NILM samples and the confounding effect of HPV subtype, age, university, and follow-up stage were evaluated.  Results: CINtec PLUS was positive in 63 out of 312 (20%) NILM/ HPV-positive cases. The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of CINtec PLUS was 92% for high-grade dysplastic lesion (HSIL), 64% for NILM, and 31% for low-grade dysplasia. The negative predictive value was 83% for HSIL, 64% for NILM, and 83% for low-grade dysplasia.  Conclusion: Adding CINtec PLUS with NILM cytology and HPV-positive test can be an important prognostic tool to identify women at risk for a high-grade dysplastic cervical lesion. Importantly, the test can also be used in primary HPV screening programs. However, women with low-grade dysplasia remain at risk for over- and under-treatment.
Digital diagnostics: A computer application for lymph node metastases in cervical cancer
Authors: Kuznetsov Anton I. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Since 2020, staging accuracy improvements in cervical cancer (CC) revealed that major errors occur due to missed metastases to regional lymph nodes. The presence or absence of metastases seriously affects the staging of cancer and, consequently, its treatment methods, since metastases make cancer inoperable.
AIM: To develop an application to help the doctor in predicting metastases to regional lymph nodes in CC, with the ability of installing on any personal computer regardless of the operating system (Windows, Linux, or Mac OS) and saving data about the patients.
METHODS: The development was performed on the .NET platform (framework v4.7.2), by means of C# language, based on a proprietary prognostic model using seven blood parameters such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and platelet aggregation with adenosine diphosphate and soluble fibrin monomer complexes.
RESULTS: A window application was developed that automatically calculates the probability of metastases to regional lymph nodes in СС and provides the ability to save the data from the input form and the predicted value into TXT and/or CSV files. TXT and CSV formats are supported in various operating systems. The .txt file allows each individual patients prognosis results to be saved in a separate file for easy printing and attachment to the patients electronic or paper medical record. The CSV file format enables the aggregation of data of all patients by adding line-by-line data from the input form to the end of the file.
CONCLUSIONS: The developed application facilitates the process of using the patented formula to diagnose metastases to regional lymph nodes in СС at the early stages of examination, which allows choosing the optimal tactics and, consequently, improving the prognosis of the disease.
ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN TYPES OF WARRANTS IN CLAIMS OF FACT, VALUE AND POLICY
Authors: Indah Rohmani Nur , Ambarwati Wenyk , Syaifulloh Burhanudin 
Published: July 2023

Warrant is a crucial element in argumentative essay which connects the claim and support in order to give proves that the supports are valid and credible. This study seeks the comparison between the warrant inn English and Indonesian argumentation. The rhetorical analysis in this study is to get deep understanding on the types of warrant that is used by the writers in the opinion section of www.theaustralian.com.au and www.seputar- indonesia.com in the claim of fact, of value, and of policy. The finding shows that on claims of fact, English writers show authoritative and substantive warrants while Indonesian writers prefer substantive and motivational warrants. In constructing the support for claims of value, almost similar result shown by both English and Indonesian writers that is the domination of motivational warrant. The writers attempt to strengthen the claims of policy show the use of substantive and motivational warrants by English writers. Meanwhile the Indonesian writers make use of substantive and authoritative warrants to convince the readers on the need to accept the proposed policy. Further studies are expected to dig more on the critical discourse analysis of warrants across different languages within different context, types of issue presented and different form of publication.