bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation of Poisson’s Ratio of NiTi During Pseudoelastic Deformation
Authors: Shariat Bashir S. , Liu Yinong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNiTi alloy exhibits a stress-induced B2 ↔ B19' martensitic transformation. This transformation is practically isochoric, thus has a Poisson’s ratio of 0.5. This imposes a complex interaction with elastic deformation which has a lower Poisson’s ratio and with plastic deformation which is not recoverable when interacting with other materials in a composite or an assembly, thus a challenge for the design of such materials or devices using them. This study investigated the variation of the Poisson’s ratio of a NiTi alloy during pseudoelastic deformation by means of the digital image correlation technique. The Poisson’s ratio of the alloy was found to increase from 0.39 in the apparent elastic deformation stage to 0.44 prior to the onset of the Lüders-type deformation and then to 0.48 after the passing of the Lüders band.
Intention-based social influence in (non)strategic sharing experiments
Authors: Di Cagno Daniela , Güth Werner , Puca Marcello , Sbriglia Patrizia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe experimentally study intention-based social influence in standard and modified Ultimatum and Impunity games. Standard games with bi-dimensional strategy vectors let individuals decide independently in the role of proposer and responder and allow fairness intentions to be role dependent. Uni-dimensional strategy vectors in modified games constrain individuals to consistent offers and acceptance thresholds. To induce social influence, we randomly match participants in groups of four, which are minimally identified by colors. Social influence is assessed by how one reacts to information about median group intention(s). The 2×2 factorial experimental design varies the order of the two game types and the strategy vector dimensionality. Social influence, depending on the game type and strategy dimensionality, significantly impacts participants’ behavior compared to their own intention. At the aggregate level, however, these differences cancel each other out. As there are more constraints on the action space, uni-dimensionality increases strategic concerns.
A Contextual Approach to Designing, Implementing, and Adapting a Wellbeing Program: A case Study of the MARKERS Wellbeing Program for Educators
Authors: Cann Rachel , Sinnema Claire , Daly Alan J. , Rodway Joelle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImproving educator wellbeing presents a complex challenge due to the variety of influences on wellbeing at the individual, relational, and contextual (school and policy) levels. This complexity contributes to the gap between the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) and their real-world success. To bridge this gap, it is essential to understand and adapt to school context when integrating psychological interventions into educational settings. This study addresses this gap through an approach to developing an educator wellbeing program that embraces the idea of understanding and adapting to context. We use a theory of change approach to designing a program, that outlines the context, design rationale, activities, and outcomes of the program. The program is multi-level, targeting influences on educator wellbeing at the individual, relational, and contextual (school) levels. Additionally, it employs a multi-foci strategy, encompassing a range of activities that target different levels and allow for adaptation. We present a case study of program implementation in one school, exploring contextual factors, adapting the program accordingly, and evaluating the degree to which theory of change outcomes were achieved. Program participants experienced improved wellbeing and a relational space characterised by more positive interactions with colleagues. This design and case study contribute to the ongoing discourse on progressing towards context-specific, whole-school approaches to wellbeing.
Length-weight Relationship of Five Demersal Fish Species in Guinea Bissau (CE Atlantic)
Authors: Jurado-Ruzafa Alba , Hernández-González Carlos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLength-weight relationships (LWR) were determined for Brotula barbata, Dentex angolensis, Dentex macrophthalmus, Neomerinthe folgori and Scorpaena stephanica using individual fish records collected between July 2002 and January 2003, during a pilot project of experimental fishing over the shelf off Guinea Bissau. Fishes were caught by commercial vessels using bottom longline, measured defrost for the total length (to the lower 0.1 cm) and weighted for the total weight (TW, to the 0.1 g), and sexed. Two new maximum total lengths were registered for Scorpaena stephanica and Neomerinthe folgori, whose LWR b-values corresponded to the limits of the range obtained, between 2.833 and 3.318, respectively. All LWRs were obtained from well-adjusted linear regressions with r2 ≥ 0.90. Data presented herein expand the knowledge base for these species in West Africa, as they have limited or no LWR data available.
Remote vs Face-to-face Interventions for Bulimia Nervosa and Binge-eating Disorder: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Samara Myrto T. , Michou Niki , Argyrou Aikaterini , Mathioudaki Elissavet , Bakaloudi Dimitra Rafailia , Tsekitsidi Eirini , Polyzopoulou Zoi A. , Lappas Andreas S. , Christodoulou Nikos , Papazisis Georgios , Chourdakis Michail 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRemote delivery of interventions (e.g., online sessions, telephone sessions, e-mails, SMS, applications) facilitate access to health care and might be an efficacious alternative to face to face treatments for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED). Telehealth has evolved rapidly in recent years, facilitating access to health care, as it seems to be more accessible among different groups of the population. In the light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we decided to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared remote versus face-to-face interventions for the treatment of BN and BED. We searched EMBASE, PubMed, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP and reference lists of relevant articles up to April, 2023. The primary outcomes were remission (defined as abstinence from binge/bulimic episodes for at least 2 weeks) and frequency of binge episodes. We also analyzed frequency of purging episodes, response, mean values of eating disorder psychopathology, depression, anxiety, and quality of life rating scales as well as drop-out rates and adverse effects. Six RCTs were identified with a total of 698 participants. Face-to-face interventions were found more effective than remote interventions in terms of remission (RR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.89, P = 0.004, 4 RCTs, N = 526), but the result was mainly driven by one study. No important differences were found in the remaining outcomes; nevertheless, most comparisons were underpowered. Few adverse effects were reported. Remote interventions demonstrated comparable efficacy to face-to-face interventions in treating BN and BED, providing effective and acceptable healthcare to patients who would otherwise go untreated. Nonetheless, to arrive at more definitive and secure conclusions, it is imperative that additional randomized controlled trials and robust real-world effectiveness studies, preferably with appropriate comparison groups, are conducted.
Validation of gestational weight gain records on South Carolina birth certificate data
Authors: Momodu Oluwatosin A. , Horner Ronnie D. , Liu Jihong , Crouch Elizabeth , Chen Brian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To examine the accuracy of gestational weight gain (GWG) reported on birth certificates (BCs) in comparison with electronic medical records (EMRs), the gold standard.

Methods
BC data and EMR data were from a random sample of pregnant women who enrolled in CenteringPregnancy program, a type of group-based prenatal care, at three obstetric clinics in South Carolina between 2015 and 2019 (n = 206). Retrospective review of EMR data on patients’ prepregnancy BMI and GWG according to 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines was conducted. Analyses involved summarizing the variables by their mean and mean differences per data source, and then calculating percent-weighted agreement and kappa statistics.

Results
The mean values of BMI, delivery weight and total weight gain were similar between BC and EMRs. Data correlation for variables was high for both data sources (height: r = 0.94, prepregnancy weight: r = 0.93, prepregnancy BMI: r = 0.92, delivery weight: r = 0.96, total weight gain: r = 0.60). The BCs slightly underestimated the proportion of women in the normal-weight BMI category but overestimated the proportion in the overweight BMI category. Additionally, BCs slightly overestimated women with inadequate GWG and underestimated those with excessive GWG. Overall, the BC and EMR data were in agreement regarding prepregnancy BMI (weighted-agreement = 90%, Kappa = 0.78) and GWG categories (weighted-agreement = 84%, Kappa = 0.63).

Conclusion
BC estimates of prepregnancy BMI and GWG categories were similar to those recorded in the EMRs. The South Carolina BC database is a valid database for gestational weight and can provide reasonable estimates for the state in the evaluation of the CenteringPregnancy program.
Five experimentations in computer vision: seeing (through) images from Large Scale Vision Datasets
Authors: Moreschi Bruno 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing images from large-scale vision datasets (LSVDs), five practice-based studies – experimentations – were carried out to shed light on the visual content, replications of historical continuities, and precarious human labour behind computer vision. First, I focus my analysis on the dominant ideologies coming from a colonial mindset and modern taxonomy present in the visual content of the images. Then, in an exchange with microworkers, I highlight the decontextualized practices that these images undergo during their tagging and/or description, so that they become data for machine learning. Finally, using as reference two counterhegemonic initiatives from Latin America in the 1960s, I present a pedagogical experience constituting a dataset for computer vision based on works of art at a historical museum. The results offered by these experimentations serve to help speculate on more radical ways of seeing the world through machines.
The ‘artificial intelligentsia’ and its discontents: an exploration of 1970s attitudes to the ‘social responsibility of the machine intelligence worker’
Authors: Powell Rosamund 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 1972, ten members of the machine intelligence research community travelled to Lake Como, Italy, for a conference on the ‘social implications of machine intelligence research’. This paper explores their varied and contradictory approaches to this topic. Researchers, including John McCarthy, Donald Michie and Richard Gregory, raised ‘ethical’ questions surrounding their research and actively predicted risks of machine intelligence. At the same time, they delayed any action to mitigate these risks to an uncertain future where technical capabilities were greater. I argue that conference participants’ claims that 1972 was ‘too early’ to speculate on societal impacts of their research were disingenuous, motivated both by threats to funding and by researchers’ own politically informed speculation on the future.
The challenges of fieldwork: Improving the experience for women in coastal sciences
Authors: Hamylton Sarah M. , Power Hannah E. , Gallop Shari L. , Vila-Concejo Ana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Women face disproportionate challenges while undertaking coastal fieldwork. We draw on 18 responses that specifically raise fieldwork issues from an international survey about perceptions and experiences of gender inequality for those working in coastal sciences to discuss two common themes. These themes are barriers to fieldwork participation and challenges for women working in coastal field settings such as boats or working on beaches, including discrimination and sexual harassment. We suggest five priority behavioural and policy changes to improve the fieldwork experience for women in coastal sciences: (i) publicise field role models and trail blazers, (ii) improve opportunities and capacity for women to undertake fieldwork, (iii) establish field codes of conduct, (iv) acknowledge the challenges women face in the field and provide support where possible, and (v) foster an enjoyable and supportive fieldwork culture.
TIME SERIES OF SURFACE WATER DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON ISOTOPES FROM THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT
Authors: Hauksson Niels E , Xu Xiaomei , Pedron Shawn , Martinez Hector A , Lewis Christian B , Glynn Danielle S , Glynn Christopher , Garcia Noreen , Flaherty Alessandra , Thomas Katherine , Griffin Sheila , Druffel Ellen R M 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTDissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in ocean water is a major sink of fossil fuel derived CO2. Carbon isotopes in DIC serve as tracers for oceanic water masses, biogeochemical processes, and air-sea gas exchange. We present a timeseries of surface DIC δ13C and Δ14C values from 2011 to 2022 from Newport Beach, California. This is a continuation of previous timeseries (Hinger et al. 2010; Santos et al. 2011) that together provide an 18-year record. These data show that DIC Δ14C values have declined by 42‰ and that DIC δ13C values have declined by 0.4‰ since 2004. By 2020, DIC Δ14C values were within analytical error of nearby clean atmospheric CO2 Δ14C values. These long-term trends are likely the result of significant fossil fuel derived CO2 in surface DIC from air-sea gas exchange. Seasonally, Δ14C values varied by 3.4‰ between 2011 and 2022, where seasonal δ13C values varied by 0.7‰. The seasonal variation in Δ14C values is likely driven by variations in upwelling, surface eddies, and mixed layer depth. The variation in δ13C values appears to be driven by isotopic fractionation from marine primary producers. The DIC δ13C and Δ14C values record the influence of the drought that began in 2012, and a major upwelling event in 2016.
Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in people attending the two main Goma markets in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mitangala Prudence Ndeba , Irenge Leonid M. , Musubao Edgar Tsongo , Kahindo Jean Bosco Mbeva , Ayonga Patrick Ndeba , Kyembwa Safari Israël , Kubuya Janvier Bonane , Ntabe Edmon Namegabe , Kabangwa Senga Raphaël Kakongo , Mutombo Guy Ndongala , Ambroise Jérôme , Gala Jean-Luc 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) officially reports low coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) prevalence. This cross-sectional study, conducted between September and November 2021, assessed the COVID-19 seroprevalence in people attending Goma’s two largest markets, Kituku and Virunga. A similar study in a slum of Bukavu overlapped for 1 month using identical methods. COVID-19-unvaccinated participants (n = 796 including 454 vendors and 342 customers, 60% of whom were women) were surveyed. The median age of vendors and customers was 34.2 and 30.1 years, respectively. The crude and adjusted anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence rates were 70.2% (95% CI 66.9–73.4%) and 98.8% (95% CI 94.1–100%), respectively, with no difference between vendors and customers. COVID-19 symptoms reported by survey participants in the previous 6 months were mild or absent in 58.9% and 41.1% of participants with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, respectively. No COVID-19-seropositive participants reported hospitalisation in the last 6 months. These findings are consistent with those reported in Bukavu. They confirm that SARS-CoV-2 spread without causing severe symptoms in densely populated settlements and markets and suggest that many COVID-19 cases went unreported. Based on these results, the relevance of an untargeted hypothetical vaccination programme in these communities should be questioned.
AN EXPLICIT MEAN-VALUE ESTIMATE FOR THE PRIME NUMBER THEOREM IN INTERVALS
Authors: CULLY-HUGILL MICHAELA , DUDEK ADRIAN W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper gives an explicit version of Selberg’s mean-value estimate for the prime number theorem in intervals, assuming the Riemann hypothesis [25]. Two applications are given to short-interval results for primes and for Goldbach numbers. Under the Riemann hypothesis, we show there exists a prime in
$(y,y+32\,277\log ^2 y]$
for at least half the
$y\in [x,2x]$
for all
$x\geq 2$
, and at least one Goldbach number in
$(x,x+9696 \log ^2 x]$
for all
$x\geq 2$
.
Seasonal Snowpack Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry on a High Arctic Ice Cap Reveals Negligible Autotrophic Activity During Spring and Summer Melt
Authors: Dayal A. , Hodson A. J. , Šabacká M. , Smalley A. L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSnowpack ecosystem studies are primarily derived from research on snow‐on‐soil ecosystems. Greater research attention needs to be directed to the study of glacial snow covers as most snow cover lies on glaciers and ice sheets. With rising temperatures, snowpacks are getting wetter, which can potentially give rise to biologically productive snowpacks. The present study set out to determine the linkage between the thermal evolution of a snowpack and the seasonal microbial ecology of snow. We present the first comprehensive study of the seasonal microbial activity and biogeochemistry within a melting glacial snowpack on a High Arctic ice cap, Foxfonna, in Svalbard. Nutrients from winter atmospheric bulk deposition were supplemented by dust fertilization and weathering processes. NH4+ and PO43− resources in the snow therefore reached their highest values during late June and early July, at 22 and 13.9 mg m−2, respectively. However, primary production did not respond to this nutrient resource due to an absence of autotrophs in the snowpack. The average autotrophic abundance on the ice cap throughout the melt season was 0.5 ± 2.7 cells mL−1. Instead, the microbial cell abundance was dominated by bacterial cells that increased from an average of (39 ± 19 cells mL−1) in June to (363 ± 595 cells mL−1) in early July. Thus, the total seasonal biological production on Foxfonna was estimated at 153 mg C m−2, and the glacial snowpack microbial ecosystem was identified as net‐heterotrophic. This work presents a seasonal “album” documenting the bacterial ecology of glacial snowpacks.
Impacts of Subauroral Polarization Streams on Storm‐Enhanced Density Plume and Consequently on Polar Tongue of Ionization
Authors: Li Shuhan , Liu Jing , Wang Wenbin , Liang Jun , Zhang Kedeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe influences of subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) on storm‐enhanced density (SED) plume and consequently on polar tongue of ionization (TOI), an important topic in the field of magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐thermosphere coupling, however, remain undetermined. The Thermosphere‐Ionosphere‐Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) with/without an empirical SAPS model has been used to investigate the impacts of SAPS on local ionosphere‐thermosphere system, which in turn affect the SED plume and consequently the TOI. The modeled total electron content and ion drift velocities agree reasonably well with the observations of Global Navigation Satellite System and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites on 17 March 2013. The TIEGCM simulations show that SAPS can significantly affect the electron density of SED plume and consequently of TOI. The ionospheric‐thermospheric effect of SAPS can reduce the electron density of the SED plume in the afternoon sector and enhance the SED plume in the noon sector, which moves the SED plume dawnward. SAPS‐induced electron depletions in the throat region undergo anti‐sunward convection into the polar cap to weaken the TOI. A term‐by‐term analysis of the O+ ion continuity equation in the F‐region shows that the electron density depletions on the duskward edge of the SED plume are mainly due to the increased local plasma loss rates because of SAPS elevated plasma‐neutral temperatures and O/N2 reduction because of thermosphere upwelling. The electron density enhancements on the edge of the SED plume near noon are mainly due to the SAPS‐induced westward plasma E × B transports and the O/N2 increment because of thermospheric downwelling.
A Non‐Dimensional Index for Characterizing the Transition of Turbulence Regimes in Stable Atmospheric Boundary Layers
Authors: Shao Xin , Zhang Ning , Li Dan , Sun Jianning 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe transition from moderate to weak turbulence regimes remains a grand challenge for stable boundary layer parameterizations in weather and climate models. In this study, a critical horizontal Froude number (≈0.28) is proposed to characterize such a transition, which corresponds to the development of quasi two‐dimensional pancake vortices. Traditionally defined stability parameters corresponding to the critical horizontal Froude number are estimated and are consistent with values in the literature. The critical horizontal Froude number can recover previously used height‐ and site‐dependent mean wind speed thresholds. These findings offer a way to constrain the validity range of Monin‐Obukhov similarity theory in numerical models for weather and pollutants dispersion.
The Dependence of Climate Sensitivity on the Meridional Distribution of Radiative Forcing
Authors: Zhang Bosong , Zhao Ming , He Haozhe , Soden Brian J. , Tan Zhihong , Xiang Baoqiang , Wang Chenggong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how climate sensitivity depends upon the spatial pattern of radiative forcing. Sensitivity experiments using a coupled ocean‐atmosphere model were conducted by adding anomalous incoming solar radiation over the entire globe, Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitudes, Southern Ocean, and tropics. The varied forcing patterns led to highly divergent climate sensitivities. Specifically, the climate is nearly twice as sensitive to Southern Ocean forcing as tropical forcing. Strong coupling between the surface and free troposphere in the tropics increases the inversion strength, leading to smaller cloud feedback in the tropical forcing experiments. In contrast, the extratropics exhibit weaker coupling, a decrease or near‐zero change in the inversion strength, and strong positive cloud feedback. These results contrast with the conventional SST‐pattern effect in which tropical surface temperature changes regulate climate sensitivity. They also have important implications for other potentially asymmetric forcings, such as those from geoengineering, volcanic eruptions, and paleoclimatic changes.