bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing microstructural and biomethane yield of Xyris capensis using combined oxidative and nanoparticle additive pretreatment methods
Authors: Olatunji Kehinde O. , Madyira Daniel M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRenewable energy production from lignocellulose materials is a significant interest of modern research because it can assist in reducing the global challenges of climate preservation and energy demand. Lignocellulose materials are recalcitrant and are not easy to digest during anaerobic digestion, and this necessitated their pretreatment before anaerobic digestion for effective and efficient use of the feedstock. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of oxidative, nanoparticle additive, and combined pretreatment on the microstructural arrangement and biomethane yield of Xyris capensis, an economical feedstock that is readily available. Xyris capensis was pretreated with the oxidizing agent at varying conditions of H2O2: H2SO4 using 100: 0%, 95: 5%, 85: 15%, and 75: 25%. The effects of the pretreatment on the microstructure, crystallinity, and functional groups of the substrate were investigated. Pretreated and untreated substrates were digested as mono pretreatment and in combination with 20 mg/L Fe3O4 (< 50 nm) nanoparticles at mesophilic temperature to study the influence of pretreatment on biomethane yield. Results from structural analyses showed that the pretreatment conditions have a varying degree of effect on the microstructural arrangement. The optimum biomethane yield of 212.18 mL CH4/gVSadded, representing 48% improvement, was recorded for a single pretreatment. For the combined pretreatment method, the highest biomethane yield of 278.59 mL CH4/gVSadded, which represents a 95% increase, was observed. Therefore, combined oxidative pretreatment and Fe3O4 nanoparticle additive could be a promising approach to debase the recalcitrant properties of lignocellulose feedstock microstructure to enhance the biomethane yield. This technique can improve energy recovery from lignocellulose materials, assist in decarbonization of the environment, and can be examined on a commercial scale.
Medicolegal Cases in Bariatric Surgery in the United Kingdom
Authors: Fehervari Matyas , Fadel Michael G. , Reddy Marcus , Khan Omar A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
To evaluate the current state of bariatric medicolegal activity and explore the reasons of litigation in bariatric surgery. The underlying legal principles in bariatric medicolegal cases and most frequent pitfalls will also be discussed.

Recent findings
There is a growing number of litigations in bariatric surgery, particularly relating to complications and long waiting lists for bariatric surgery within the public-funded health systems. The main issues are related to consent, lack of follow-up, delayed identification of complications and lack of appropriate emergency management of complications, involving bariatric surgeons, clinicians, general practitioners and multidisciplinary team members. Appropriate multidisciplinary involvement pre- and postoperatively and robust follow-up protocols can help to mitigate the risks.

Summary
Bariatric surgery requires a unique paradigm with a multidisciplinary approach both pre- and postoperatively to improve the long-term functional outcomes of patients. There is a rising incidence of medicolegal claims following bariatric surgery. The underlying reasons for this are multifactorial including an increase in the volume of surgery, high patient expectations, the incidence of long-term postoperative complications and the requirement of long-term follow-up.
Eating disorders and emotional dysregulation are associated with insufficient weight loss after bariatric surgery: a 1-year observational follow-up study
Authors: Barbuti Margherita , Carignani Giulia , Weiss Francesco , Calderone Alba , Fierabracci Paola , Salvetti Guido , Menculini Giulia , Tortorella Alfonso , Santini Ferruccio , Perugi Giulio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Subjects with obesity, especially those seeking bariatric surgery, exhibit high rates of mental disorders and marked psychopathological traits. The primary objective of this prospective, non-interventional study was to investigate whether the presence of different psychiatric disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology and emotional dysregulation influenced weight loss at 1-year follow-up after surgery.

Methods
Subjects consecutively referred for pre-surgical evaluation at the Obesity Center of Pisa University Hospital were recruited. Psychiatric diagnoses were made through the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and ADHD symptomatology was assessed with the Wender–Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (WRAADDS). Emotional dysregulation was investigated through the WRAADDS and self-report questionnaires. After surgery, weight and obesity-related comorbidities were monitored during follow-up.

Results
Of the 99 participants recruited, 76 underwent surgery and 65 could be reevaluated 1 year after surgery. Subjects with insufficient weight loss (excess body mass index loss ≤ 53%, n = 15) had more frequent lifetime binge eating disorder (BED) and BED-mood disorders comorbidity than subjects with favorable post-surgical outcome. Additionally, they scored higher on both physician-administered and self-report scales assessing emotional dysregulation, which represents a nuclear symptom of ADHD in adults. At the logistic regression analysis, older age, higher preoperative excess body mass index and greater affective instability were predictors of reduced weight loss at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion
Emotional dysregulation seems to be associated with a worse outcome after bariatric surgery. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are needed to confirm the influence of different psychiatric disorders and psychopathological traits on post-surgical outcome.

Level of evidence
V, prospective descriptive study.
Contour detection network for zero-shot sketch-based image retrieval
Authors: Zhang Qing , Zhang Jing , Su Xiangdong , Bao Feilong , Gao Guanglai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractZero-shot sketch-based image retrieval (ZS-SBIR) is a challenging task that involves searching natural images related to a given hand-drawn sketch under the zero-shot scene. The previous approach projected image and sketch features into a low-dimensional common space for retrieval, and used semantic features to transfer the knowledge of seen to unseen classes. However, it is not effective enough to align multimodal features when projecting them into a common space, since the styles and contents of sketches and natural images are different and they are not one-to-one correspondence. To solve this problem, we propose a novel three-branch joint training network with contour detection network (called CDNNet) for the ZS-SBIR task, which uses contour maps as a bridge to align sketches and natural images to alleviate the domain gap. Specifically, we use semantic metrics to constrain the relationship between contour images and natural images and between contour images and sketches, so that natural image and sketch features can be aligned in the common space. Meanwhile, we further employ second-order attention to capture target subject information to increase the performance of retrieval descriptors. In addition, we use a teacher model and word embedding method to transfer the knowledge of the seen to the unseen classes. Extensive experiments on two large-scale datasets demonstrate that our proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art CNN-based models: it improves by 2.6% on the Sketchy and 1.2% on TU-Berlin datasets in terms of mAP.
Energy management for wearable medical devices based on gaining–sharing knowledge algorithm
Authors: Mohamed Samah , Nomer Hazem A. A. , Yousri Retaj , Mohamed Ali Wagdy , Soltan Ahmed , Darweesh M. Saeed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWearable devices are a growing field of research that can have a wide range of applications. The energy harvester is the most common source of power for wearable devices as well as in wireless sensor networks that require a battery-free operation. However, their power is restricted; consequently, power saving is crucial for wearable devices. Finding the best schedule for the various tasks that run on the wearable device can help to reduce power consumption. This paper presents a task scheduler for wearable medical devices based on Gaining–Sharing Knowledge (GSK) algorithm. The purpose of this task scheduler is to handle the tasks of a heart rate sensor and a temperature sensor to optimize the energy consumption throughout wearable medical devices. The proposed GSK-based scheduling algorithm is assessed against the state-of-the-art technique. The data used in our experiments are collected from an in-lab prototype.
Does Social Media Engagement Influence Men’s Consideration of Cosmetic Surgery?
Authors: Truasheim Sian , Bonell Sarah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMen’s cosmetic surgery rates are increasing globally. Existing literature suggests that social media engagement encourages women to undergo cosmetic surgery, yet the relationship between social media and cosmetic surgery for men remains underexamined. The aim of this study was therefore to explore if social media engagement impacted men’s interest in undergoing cosmetic surgery. Using an adapted version of the Passive and Active Use Measure to assess social media engagement, the relationship between social media engagement and cosmetic surgery consideration was explored. Among 311 American adult men (Mage = 37.7), passive social media engagement (e.g., viewing photos, browsing profiles) was found to have a small positive relationship with consideration of cosmetic surgery (p < .05, 95% CI [0.12, 0.49]). Conversely, Active Non-social media engagement (e.g., posting videos, tagging) and Active Social media engagement (e.g., posting statuses, commenting) did not predict cosmetic surgery consideration. These results demonstrate that the ways in which men use social media (rather than whether or not they use social media in general) determines their interest in cosmetic surgery. While social media engagement is a known correlate for appearance dissatisfaction in women, this study provides evidence that social media engagement is potentially also harmful to men’s body image. This preliminary research may contribute to informing best clinical practice for men experiencing body dissatisfaction. Namely, reducing passive social media use may alleviate men’s likelihood of pursing cosmetic surgery, in turn reducing their exposure to the physical and psychological risks associated with undergoing cosmetic surgery.
A directed persistent homology theory for dissimilarity functions
Authors: Méndez David , Sánchez-García Rubén J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe develop a theory of persistent homology for directed simplicial complexes which detects persistent directed cycles in odd dimensions. We relate directed persistent homology to classical persistent homology, prove some stability results, and discuss the computational challenges of our approach. Our directed persistent homology theory is motivated by homology with semiring coefficients: by explicitly removing additive inverses, we are able to detect directed cycles algebraically.
Convolutional Neural Networks Trained to Identify Words Provide a Surprisingly Good Account of Visual Form Priming Effects
Authors: Yin Dong , Biscione Valerio , Bowers Jeffrey S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA wide variety of orthographic coding schemes and models of visual word identification have been developed to account for masked priming data that provide a measure of orthographic similarity between letter strings. These models tend to include hand-coded orthographic representations with single unit coding for specific forms of knowledge (e.g., units coding for a letter in a given position). Here we assess how well a range of these coding schemes and models account for the pattern of form priming effects taken from the Form Priming Project and compare these findings to results observed with 11 standard deep neural network models (DNNs) developed in computer science. We find that deep convolutional networks (CNNs) perform as well or better than the coding schemes and word recognition models, whereas transformer networks did less well. The success of CNNs is remarkable as their architectures were not developed to support word recognition (they were designed to perform well on object recognition), they classify pixel images of words (rather than artificial encodings of letter strings), and their training was highly simplified (not respecting many key aspects of human experience). In addition to these form priming effects, we find that the DNNs can account for visual similarity effects on priming that are beyond all current psychological models of priming. The findings add to the recent work of Hannagan et al. (2021) and suggest that CNNs should be given more attention in psychology as models of human visual word recognition.
Feedbackverhalten frühpädagogischer Fachkräfte in mathematischen Spielsituationen – Ergebnisse einer clusteranalytischen Typisierung
Authors: Aumann L. , Graf-König N. , Puca R. M. , Gasteiger H. 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungKinder erhalten in der Kindertagesstätte täglich Feedback, das je nach Feedbackart (z. B. personen-/prozessbezogen) unterschiedlich auf Lernen und Motivation wirken kann. Bislang ist wenig untersucht, ob es (z. B. analog zu Erziehungsstilen) fachkrafttypisches Feedbackverhalten gibt. In dieser Studie wurde das Feedbackverhalten frühpädagogischer Fachkräfte (N = 43) in mathematischen Spielsituationen mit insgesamt 143 Kindern ausgewertet. Clusteranalytisch wurden fünf Fachkrafttypen ermittelt. Diese unterscheiden sich in der Menge und Spezifität des genutzten Feedbacks und darin, inwieweit sich spezifisches Feedback auf das Ergebnis oder den Prozess bezieht. Die Erkenntnisse können sowohl für die Erforschung der Auswirkungen von Feedback als auch im Rahmen von Fortbildungen genutzt werden.
Medicinal Product Development and Regulatory Agilities Implemented During the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences and Implications for the Future—An Industry View
Authors: Geraci Gaia , Bernat Janis , Rodier Céline , Acha Virginia , Acquah Jaqueline , Beakes-Read Ginny 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused considerable disruption to the development, regulatory evaluation, production, and distribution of medicinal products. Key healthcare stakeholders were under pressure to develop and review medicinal products to address the health emergency, while preserving the continuity of activities to ensure patient access to other medicinal products. In the light of this challenging situation, the National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) and the biopharmaceutical industry applied and utilized product development and regulatory agilities to accelerate the development and authorization of safe, effective and quality COVID-19 vaccines and treatments as well as other non-COVID-19 medicinal products. On the basis of the literature review and primary research conducted, this review article gathered insights on experiences and challenges in the use of agilities related to regulatory assessment of initial marketing and post-approval change (PAC) applications, oversight of product manufacturing quality and supply chain continuity, and product development/clinical trial processes during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Agilities were thus implemented in an emergency context characterized by the lack of medicinal products to help tackle a disease that was devastating for the global public health. This review article concludes that useful lessons can be learned from these insights to improve product development practices and regulatory processes during both normal and health emergency times. Standard regulatory frameworks during normal times can be enhanced by leveraging digitalization, further simplifying and harmonizing requirements, and using reliance mechanisms which can help to increase efficiency in regulatory decision-making regarding medicinal products. During health emergencies, such as a pandemic, maximizing global coordination, collaboration, reliance, and harmonization of regulatory requirements and guidance are important to facilitate the rapid development and assessment of key medicinal products to address the health emergency.
Die Palliativlotsin für Patienten mit einer lebenslimitierenden Tumorerkrankung in Bremen – eine qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Schumski Lisa , Reisinger Anna , Ban Isabel , Schmiemann Guido 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Tumorpatienten mit einer lebenslimitierenden Erkrankung weisen in ihrer letzten Lebensphase einen hohen Versorgungsbedarf auf. Oftmals ist eine Auseinandersetzung mit sozialen Fragen notwendig, um Zugang zu Unterstützungsangeboten zu erhalten. In der Stadt Bremen wird seit Oktober 2019 der Einsatz einer Palliativlotsin erprobt. Sie begleitet palliative Tumorpatienten mit komplexem sozialmedizinischem Beratungsbedarf und unterstützt kontinuierlich auch durch Hausbesuche. Ziel der Evaluation ist die Beschreibung und Analyse der Tätigkeiten der Palliativlotsin und der Exploration ihrer Arbeit aus Perspektive der Leistungserbringenden.

Methodik
Mittels qualitativer Leitfadeninterviews wurden Leistungserbringende, die in der ambulanten und stationären Versorgung palliativer Tumorpatienten tätig sind, befragt. Die Audiodateien wurden transkribiert und inhaltsanalytisch nach Kuckartz ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 14 Leistungserbringende aus den Bereichen des stationären Sozialdiensts, der hausärztlichen und onkologischen Versorgung, der Palliativmedizin, der Pflege und der Rehabilitation befragt. Das Kategoriensystem umfasste u. a. die Tätigkeiten der Lotsin, die Abgrenzung der Zuständigkeiten zu den Leistungserbringenden in der palliativen Versorgung, zusätzlich erwünschte Tätigkeiten, Probleme/Hindernisse durch die Einbeziehung der Palliativlotsin sowie Feedback und Bewertung ihrer Arbeit. Leistungserbringende, die bereits in Kontakt mit der Lotsin standen (n = 12), beschreiben ihre Tätigkeit als Mehrwert in der Versorgung. Insbesondere die Beratung bezüglich palliativer Angebote und die Unterstützung bei sozialrechtlichen Belangen wird als entlastend empfunden. Es wird der Wunsch nach einer Ausweitung ihrer Versorgungsleistung auf weitere Patientengruppen und Krankheitsbilder benannt.

Schlussfolgerung
Für die befragten Leistungserbringenden stellt der Einsatz der Palliativlotsin eine Entlastung in der Versorgung palliativer Krebspatienten dar. Die Erfüllung sozialmedizinischer Bedarfe und die aufsuchende Arbeit in der Häuslichkeit der Patienten bildet den hauptsächlichen Tätigkeitsbereich der Palliativlotsin, der in dieser Form z. B. durch die hausärztliche Versorgung nicht ausreichend abgedeckt werden kann.
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Pakistan: The Daunting Threat of an Outbreak as Eid-ul-Azha Approaches
Authors: Tariq Samiuddin , Niaz Faizan , Safi Vahidy Ahmed , Qidwai Marium , Ishaq Muhammad , Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab , Ullah Irfan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is a tick-borne virus that can spread from infected people and other animals, including cattle and ticks of the Hyalomma genus. People who are infected describe symptoms that range from flu-like manifestations to severe multi-organ failure. With a death rate between 10% and 30%, the virus is undoubtedly a disease of high concern. With 10,000-15,000 cases/y, it is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, and South-Eastern Europe. There has been a recent CCHF outbreak in Iraq, with 212 cases documented, 80% of which were reported between April and May and led to 27 fatalities.
CALIBRATION OF MULTIPLE TREE-RING BLOCKS AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE DEBATE OF MINOAN ERUPTION OF SANTORINI AROUND 17TH–16TH CENTURY BCE
Authors: Raj Harsh , Regev Lior , Boaretto Elisabetta 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe Minoan eruption of Santorini, Greece, is an important and often-debated chronological marker in contexts of the Eastern Mediterranean region. Among various age estimates of this event, one based on wiggle-matching of radiocarbon (14C) dates from an olive branch found in Santorini by Friedrich et al. (2006) has been widely discussed. Calibrated age estimates based on wiggle-matching of these 14C ages have been changing with improvements in the 14C calibration curve. As also shown earlier, calibration of average 14C age of multiple tree rings dated together should not be done using a single-year calibration curve. Since recent calibration curves include many single-year 14C datasets, a different approach should be considered to calibrate the average 14C age of block of multiple tree rings. Here we have demonstrated the use of multiple moving average (MA) calibration curves for calibrating the sequence of four 14C ages reported for the Santorini olive branch. The resultant calibrated ages for the Minoan Eruption are relatively younger than previous estimates and range from the late-17th century BCE to mid-16th century BCE date.
The Memory Man: Jacques Offenbach, Le Bonhomme Jadis and the Origin of an air connu
Authors: Sherr Richard 
Published: June 2023

This article is in essence a study of intertextuality in two musico-dramatic genres in Paris of the 1850s: the comédie-vaudeville and straight plays with incidental music. The ‘texts’ that are considered here are interpolated songs in the comédie-vaudeville and purely instrumental interpolations in plays. Their intertextuality depends on the age-old process of contrafactum. Yet a problem arises when the listener cannot recognize the original source of the contrafactum and cannot perceive the intertext.
The article traces such an intertextual problem. It illustrates how the attempt to answer what would appear to be a minor question regarding music in a comédie-vaudeville led to consideration of an aspect of Jacques Offenbach's output that has received very little attention and which in turn poses some problems of its own. I begin by discussing how intertextuality and musical memory were exploited in the nineteenth-century Parisian comédie-vaudeville. I then discuss how my inability to identify a ‘text’, in this case a particular tune used in a production in a Parisian theatre was so bothersome that it caused it to stick in my memory, which in turn allowed me to recognize it in a work by Offenbach. This in turn led to consideration of a short story and a play in which intertextual musical memory plays a large role, and to the music that Offenbach composed for the performance of that play which surprisingly led to the solution of the problem, the identification of the tune. I end with further comments.