bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Lumbar Pedicle Screw Loosening Using Hounsfield Units in
Computed Tomography
Authors: Muheremu Aikeremujiang , Shu Li , Ji Yuchen , Zhang Rui , Liu Wenge 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
One of the most common issues following pedicle screw fixation is pedicle screw loosening. There are, however, few trustworthy methods for predicting screw loosening. The goal of the current study was to identify an efficient technique for using preoperative CT scanning to predict screw loosening in older patients and to offer recommendations for preoperative surgical planning.

Methods:
The current analysis included retrospectively all patients who underwent lumbar pedicle screw fixation for degenerative lumbar diseases in our department between January 2015 and January 2022. Hounsfield units were used to assess each vertebra's attenuation in a CT scan (HU). Postoperative X-ray testing identified screw loosening. Using IBMSPSS 24.00 software, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed.

Results:
Over a mean follow-up period of 28.4±11.5 (range 12-44 months) months, screw loosening was noted in 53 of 242 patients (136 male and 106 female, average age 58.7±7.3 years). Gender, BMI, smoking habits, and whether or not a patient had diabetes or spondylolisthesis were not shown to be significantly different among the patients (P>0.05). The difference between the average lumbar vertebral HU values in the screw-loosening group and the control group was significant (P<0.01) at 120.3±31.5HU and 138.6±37.6HU, respectively. The average HU value of L1-L4 exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.691 (95% CI: 0.614-0.784), according to ROC curve analysis. A HU cut-off value of 122 HU is a likely cut-off point to predict screw loosening with a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 58%.

Conclusion:
The use of screw augmentation techniques can be decided using a prospective CT scan HU value-based prediction. An independent risk factor for screw loosening in an instrumented lumbar vertebra is a cutoff L1-L5 average HU value of 122 HU.
Comparative Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of
Citrus Peel Essential Oils and Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Alsakhawy Sara A. , Baghdadi Hoda H. , El‑Shenawy Moustafa A. , El‑Hosseiny Lobna S. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Antimicrobial resistance is imposing an alarming public health threat in regard to the irrational use of the currently available antibiotics and the lack of new antimicrobi-als.

Objective:
The current study aims to comparatively investigate the antimicrobial potential and phytochemical compositions of citrus peel essential oils (EOs) and phenolic compounds (PCs) as an approach to combat life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections.

Methods:
Citrus EOs and PCs were extracted from Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus reshni, Citrus lati-folia and Citrus paradisi peels and phytochemically characterized by GC-MS and HPLC, respec-tively. The antimicrobial potential of citrus peel EOs and PCs was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Pseudomonas ae-ruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans using disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution assays.

Results:
The compositional analysis of citrus peel EOs revealed that limonene was the major volatile constituent, comprising 81.38%, 79.39%, 76.40% and 52.35% of grapefruit, mandarin, orange and lemon EOs, respectively. In addition, naringenin was the most abundant PC in grape-fruit, orange and mandarin peel methanolic extracts, whereas catechin was the major PC in lemon peel. Lemon EO displayed the highest inhibitory effects against the investigated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as Candida albicans. Moreover, mandarin PCs exhibited the highest antibacterial effects, while orange PCs displayed the highest anticandidal effects. Fur-thermore, Gram-positive bacteria displayed higher sensitivity to both citrus peel EOs and PCs.

Conclusion:
Citrus peel extracts possess versatile bioactive compounds that can be utilized as promising antimicrobial candidates.

other:
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Altura del maxilar superior de acuerdo al patrón facial
Authors: Medina Siguenza Paúl Efraín , Lima-Illescas Miriam Verónica , Bastidas-Calva Magda Zulay , Jiménez-Romero Magaly Noemí 
Published: April 2023

Introducción: el crecimiento de los huesos faciales es un proceso que varía de acuerdo con factores raciales, dentales y genéticos, este crecimiento puede condicionar alteraciones en el patrón facial. Objetivo: determinar si existe correlación entre el aumento o disminución de la altura maxilar anterior y posterior del hueso maxilar, y el patrón facial en individuos de 18 a 45 años de edad. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal con un enfoque correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por 500 radiografías cefálicas laterales en formato digital. Sólo 241 radiografías cumplieron con los criterios de selección, las cuales fueron trazadas para finalmente seleccionar de manera aleatoria 160. Se clasificaron en cuatro grupos de acuerdo al patrón facial: bajo, medio bajo, medio alto y alto. Después, se procedió a medir la altura del maxilar en el sector anterior y posterior. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, patrón facial, altura anterior del maxilar y altura posterior. Para medir las variables se utilizó el programa AutoCAD® V2020 y para el análisis estadístico se usaron las pruebas paramétricas con un nivel de confianza de 95% (p < 0.05). Resultados: de las 160 radiografías analizadas, la edad del paciente no tuvo correlación con el patrón facial p > 0.05. El sexo y la altura anterior del maxilar presentaron una correlación significativa en hombres, con el patrón facial alto con un valor de p = 0.000, y su grado de correlación fue positivo y bajo (rho de Spearman = 0.243). La altura facial posterior del maxilar no mostró diferencias significativas (p = 0.145). Conclusiones: en los hombres los patrones faciales altos muestran mayor altura maxilar anterior. El dimorfismo sexual es evidente en individuos masculinos que presentan un ángulo alto de patrón facial.
Análisis cefalométrico del espacio óseo posterior para el brote de los terceros molares
Authors: Rodríguez del Toro Mercedes , González Espangler Liuba , Romero García Lázaro Ibrahim 
Published: April 2023

Introducción: el análisis cefalométrico es un método de medición que se puede utilizar para calcular el espacio óseo posterior y el brote de los terceros molares. Objetivo: estimar la magnitud de cambios del espacio óseo posterior para el brote de los terceros molares, según las etapas de crecimiento y desarrollo. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en Santiago de Cuba, de noviembre de 2019 a febrero de 2020. Se seleccionaron tres muestras aleatorias (n1 = 100 infantes, n2 = 100 adolescentes y n3 = 21 jóvenes). Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, ubicación de los terceros molares y espacio óseo posterior. La información se extrajo de ortopantomografías y se resumió en media y desviación estándar (DE). Resultados: los promedios del espacio óseo posterior para la erupción de los terceros molares de acuerdo con localización, etapa de crecimiento y desarrollo presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para cada una de las hemiarcadas dentarias (p < 0.001). Se detectó un aumento en el espacio óseo posterior en relación con la edad (en los tres grupos), de acuerdo con las distintas localizaciones de terceros molares. Conclusiones: la magnitud de cambios del espacio óseo posterior para la erupción de los terceros molares, según las etapas de crecimiento y desarrollo, son considerables, con énfasis entre la infancia y la adolescencia. Este fenómeno se presenta probablemente porque son los periodos cuando se producen cambios significativos en el crecimiento del maxilar y la mandíbula.
EKSISTENSI “BALIHO 2024” DALAM PERTARUNGAN ELEKTABILITAS: ANALISIS PENCITRAAN TOKOH POLITIK
Authors: Khatami Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: April 2023

Fenomena kemunculan media luar ruang berupa billboard dan baliho yang dimunculkan oleh para tokoh politik menjadi perbincangan di ruang publik karena dikaitkan dengan proses menuju Pemilu 2024. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti melihat eksistensi “baliho 2024” dari empat tokoh politik di antaranya Puan Maharani, Airlangga Hartanto, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, dan Muhaimin Iskandar. Tujuan penelitian ini menganilis komunikasi politik dan pencitraan tokoh politik pada perbincangan publik di media massa daring diantaranya Tempo.com dan Kompas.com serta pada hasil pencarian Twitter. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menjelaskan tentang distribusi sentimen perbincangan yang hadir di ruang publik, indikator-indikator yang memengaruhi sentimen, serta melihat pengaruhnya terhadap pertarungan elektabilitas antar ke empat tokoh politik tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan Analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Sedangkan pemerosesan data melalui software Nvivo 12 Plus. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa sentimen negatif dominan terbangun di perbincangan publik pada pemberitaan dan hasil pencarian Twitter. Dengan indikator tertinggi yakni kemunculan Baliho 2024 dianggap tidak tepat karena dikaitkan dengan kondisi Pandemi Covid-19. Adapun kaitannya dengan elektabilitas, sentimen perbincangan di ruang maya tidak menjadi pengaruh utama dalam pertarungan elektabilitas mengingat adanya kenaikan elektabilitas ke empat tokoh politik tersebut di bulan September dibanding bulan Juni. Hal tersebut juga bergantung pada segmen pasar pemilih yang menjadi target.
The Penggunaan Sabut Kelapa Teraktivasi NaOH sebagai Adsorben Metilen Biru
Authors: Baunsele Anselmus Boy , Boelan Erly Grizca , Kopon Aloisius Masan , Taek Maximus M. , Tukan Gerardus D. , Missa Hildegardis 
Published: April 2023

Methylene blue is a textile dye with carcinogenic and mutagenic properties which can cause various problems for the environment and organisms, therefore it is necessary to treat the waste. This study describes the adsorption of methylene blue using base-activated coconut coir. Coconut coir as waste was prepared into 80 mesh-sized powder and then activated using NaOH solution. The base-activated coconut fiber was then used for methylene blue adsorption under several optimization conditions such as pH, contact time, concentration, and adsorption isotherm. The determination of methylene blue was adsorbed by the adsorbent measured using UV-VIS. The pH and contact time results were 7 and 75 minutes, respectively, with the adsorption capacity (qe) of 1.98 mg g-1 and 99.91%. The isotherm adsorption of blue methylene followed the Langmuir isotherm model with the maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of 0.2 mg -1. The result showed that the coconut fiber base activated could be used as a dye adsorbent.
Free economic zones and territories of advanced development: modern problems
Authors: Dmitrieva O. A. , Luzin K. N. 
Published: April 2023

The article examines the situation with free economic zones (FEZ) and territories of advanced development (TAD) in modern Russia. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of the functioning of FEZ and TOP, as well as the analysis of successful projects of free economic zones in Russia. The development of economic potential is one of the main goals of managing the economy of the country. Against this background, an important role is played by free economic zones (FEZ), as well as territories of advanced development (TAD), which aim to create favorable economic conditions, promote the socio–economic development of the state, attract foreign investment, as well as the creation of high–tech industries, the development of transport infrastructure and the tourism industry. A clear and thoughtful creation and functioning of free economic zones, which is impossible without sound government programs and effective local governance, is a factor in the long–term sustainable development of both the country and its individual regions.The article examines the current situation with free economic zones (FEZ) and territories of advanced development (TAD) in modern Russia within the framework of their functioning and prerequisites for their creation. The research results consist in identifying the problems of the functioning of free economic zones, identifying structural problems that represent errors in the creation and functioning of such territories that require immediate solutions soon, as well as analyzing projects of free economic zones in Russia that are successful and cost–effective within the framework of the regional development program.
Non–fungible tokens in the structure of Islamic financingl markets
Authors: Babenkova S. Yu. 
Published: April 2023

The widespread use of innovative technologies in the Arab countries began relatively recently; the COVID–19 pandemic became a powerful impetus to their promotion. However, the crises experienced by global financial markets have forced investors to look for more «safe havens» for their investments. In this regard, the development of the (non–fungible tokens, hereinafter — NFT) in the last two years has become a relatively safe place to invest.NFT technologies were originally designed for the world of art, artists, clip makers, people of creative professions and admirers of their creations, but NFT went further and began to become popular in the world of finance becoming one of the instruments for making transactions.The Arab countries did not stand aside from such innovations actively participating in the development, testing and search for new innovative areas of NFT application. However, you should not forget about the strict rules of Sharia which apply to all types of financial activities. The necessary interconnection and problem points are yet to be analyzed by experts in the future as the market develops but at the same time it is already worth talking about the rapid introduction of NFTs into Islamic finance.
Research on heat transfer properties of graphene composites
Authors: Huizuo-Zhai  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Graphene is a new type of two-dimensional carbon material with excellent mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity, high light transmittance and high specific surface area. Its excellent performance makes it suitable for high-performance electronic devices, composite materials, gas sensors and energy storage and other fields, and has broad application prospects, especially its ultra-high thermal conductivity has attracted great interest of scholars at home and abroad. In this study, the heat transfer theory and the heat transfer mechanism of graphene are firstly cited, and three commonly used composite heat transfer fitting models are proposed. Advantages and disadvantages of measurement methods are described. According to the aforementioned theoretical basis, the equilibrium molecular dynamics and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics heat transfer models were used to fit graphene and its composites, and the thermal conductivity of graphene composites was analysed. Finally, the future research directions of graphene thermal conductivity are prospected.
About One Class of Discrete-Continuous Systems with Parameters
Authors: Гусева Ирина Сергеевна , Расина Ирина Викторовна 
Published: April 2023

Рассматривается частный случай гибридной системы:
дискретно/̄непрерывные системы (ДНС) с параметрами и промежуточными
критериями. Такая система является двухуровневой. Параметры входят лишь
в непрерывные системы, действующие поочередно на нижнем уровне. Верхний
уровень, описываемый дискретным процессом, играет связующую роль для
всех систем нижнего, определяя политику их взаимодействия и обеспечивая
минимизацию функционала. В работе выводится аналог достаточных условий
оптимальности Кротова и строится метод улучшения управления и
параметров. Приводится иллюстративный пример. На основе полученных общих
условий исследуется частный случай: квазилинейные ДНС.
Steady-state performance analysis of multiserver queueing models with redundancy
Authors: Dolgaleva Diana Sergeevna , Golovin Alexander Stanislavovich , Rumyantsev Alexander Sergeevich 
Published: April 2023

В работе предложены подходы к исследованию стохастических моделей
вычислительных сетей из персональных компьютеров с помощью
многосерверных систем обслуживания с избыточностью. Представлены
перспективы и ограничения указанного подхода, а также возможные
направления дальнейших исследований.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE REGULATION OF SYSTEMIC BLOOD PRESSURE
Authors: Ананьев В.Н. , Прокопьев Н.Я. , Ананьева О.В. , Ананьев Г.В. , Гуртовой Е.С. 
Published: April 2023

Сердечно сосудистая система должна распределять кислород и питательные вещества по организму, поддерживая соответствующее кровяное давление. Это достигается за счет сочетания центральных и периферических механизмов, которые влияют на сердечный выброс и вазомоторный тонус во всей сосудистой системе. Кроме того, способность предпочтительно направлять кровь к тканям с повышенной метаболической потребностью имеет решающее значение для переносимости физических нагрузок и называется рабочей мышечной гипертонией. Мы установили, что сокращение мышц снижает системное давление у мужчин с гипертонией за счет увеличения кровотока в работающих мышцах. Это обеспечивается за счет снижения чувствительности постсинаптических адренорецепторов артерий к нейромедиатору норадреналину.
The cardiovascular system must distribute oxygen and nutrients throughout the body, maintaining appropriate blood pressure. This is achieved through a combination of central and peripheral mechanisms that affect cardiac output and vasomotor tone throughout the vascular system. In addition, the ability to preferably direct blood to tissues with increased metabolic demand is crucial for exercise tolerance and is called working muscle hypertension. We found that muscle contraction reduces systemic pressure in men with hypertension by increasing blood flow in working muscles. This is achieved by reducing the sensitivity of the postsynaptic adrenoreceptors of the arteries to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
TEST STAND FOR INVESTIGATION OF VARIOUS DDOS ATTACK DETECTION ALGORITHMS
Authors: Репин Д.С. , Филаретов Г.Ф. 
Published: April 2023

Рассматривается задача исследования и сопоставительного анализа различных алгоритмов оперативного обнаружения DDoS-атак. Предлагается для решения данной задачи использовать специализированный испытательный стенд. Описываются функциональные возможности такого стенда, его структурная схема и назначение отдельных элементов. Приводится пример практического использования стенда.
The problem of research and comparative analysis of various algorithms for the operative detection of DDoS attacks is considered. It is proposed to use a specialized test stand to solve this problem. The functionality of such a stand, its block diagram and the purpose of elements are described. An example of the practical use of the stand is given.
INFLUENCE OF THE REINFORCEMENT ANGLE ON THE STABILITY AND POST-BUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF ORTHOTROPIC PANELS DURING LONGITUDINAL COMPRESSION
Authors: Митрофанов О.В. 
Published: April 2023

Рассмотрены гладкие прямоугольные ортотропный панели, нагруженные сжимающими усилиями. Приведены результаты сравнительного анализа панелей при шарнирном и жестком опирании при обеспечении устойчивости и прочности при закритическом поведении при изменении угла армирования.
Smooth rectangular orthotropic panels loaded with compressive forces are considered. The results of a comparative analysis of panels with hinged and rigid support while ensuring stability and strength with post-buckling behavior when changing the angle of reinforcement are presented.
Penerapan Human Machine Interface Berbasis Augmented Reality pada Sistem SCADA Modular Production System
Authors: ABADI SAROSA CASTRENA , NUGRAHA NUR WISMA , DHIMYATI IRFAN AHMAD , SUMARSO ADE HASAN 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRAKPenerapan teknologi digital pada sistem SCADA dapat dilakukan dengan menampilkan user interface dengan metode Augmented Reality yaitu suatu teknologi yang menggabungkan suatu objek nyata dan objek virtual secara realtime. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan HMI NodeRED dengan metode pengamatan Augmented Reality pada Sistem SCADA Modular Production Systems (MPS) bagian Testing dan Handling Station. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem berhasil melakukan kontrol dan monitoring plant Testing dan Handling Station melalui Webview Augmented Reality. Nilai rata-rata waktu pengiriman data PLC ke PC pada Testing Station yaitu 109 ms dan rata-rata waktu yang pengiriman data PC ke PLC yaitu 106 ms. Sedangkan untuk Handling Station rata-rata waktu pengiriman data PLC ke PC yaitu 109 ms dan rata-rata waktu pengiriman data PC ke PLC yaitu 105 ms.Kata kunci: Augmented Reality, SCADA, NodeRED, PLC, MPS ABSTRACTThe Implementation of digital technology in the SCADA system can be done by displaying a user interface with the Augmented Reality method, which is a technology that combines a real object and a virtual object in real-time. This study aims to implement HMI NodeRED with the Augmented Reality observation method on the SCADA Modular Production Systems (MPS) for testing and handling stations. The test results showed that the system successfully controlled and monitored the Testing and Handling Station plants through the Augmented Reality Webview.The average value of the time of sending PLC data to PC at the Testing Station is 109 ms and the average time that PC data is sent to the PLC is 106 ms. While for the Handling Station, the average time for sending PLC data to PC is 109 ms and the average time for sending PC data to PLC is 105 ms.Keywords: Augmented Reality, SCADA, NodeRED, PLC, MPS
Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Sistem Radio Over Fiber Modulasi Optik Langsung dan Eksternal
Authors: UJANG FEBRIZAL , YAKIN AINUL 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRAKRadio Over Fiber (ROF) adalah sistem komunikasi yang digunakan untuk mentransmisikan sinyal radio frequency (RF) melalui serat optik. Kapasitas dan mobilitas jaringan akses dapat ditingkatkan dengan memanfaatkan sistem ROF. Modulasi sinyal optik dapat dilakukan dengan teknik modulasi optik langsung maupun modulasi optik eksternal. Dalam jurnal ini dilakukan perbandingan kinerja dari kedua teknik modulasi optik tersebut. Input sinyal RF yang digunakan adalah sinyal RF termodulasi 4-QAM, 16-QAM, dan 64-QAM dengan frekuensi 60 GHz. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dispersi kromatik menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan daya yang sangat besar pada sinyal RF yang diterima secara berulang. Pada sistem ROF modulasi optik langsung dengan input berupa sinyal RF termodulasi 4-QAM, 16-QAM, dan 64-QAM terjadi penurunan daya pada panjang fiber yang sama yaitu pada Panjang fiber 1 dan 3 km. Pada sistem ROF modulasi optik eksternal terjadi penurunan daya pada titik yang sama yaitu pada pada panjang fiber 1 dan 3 km.Kata kunci: Dispersi, Modulasi Langsung, Modulasi Eksternal, QAM, ROF ABSTRACTRadio Over Fiber (ROF) is a communication system used to transmit radio frequency (RF) signals through optical fiber. The capacity and mobility of access networks can be increased by utilizing ROF systems. Modulation of optical signals can be done with direct optical modulation techniques or external optical modulation. In this journal, the performance of the two optical modulation techniques is compared. The input RF signals used are 4-QAM, 16-QAM, and 64-QAM modulated RF signals with a frequency of 60 GHz. The simulation results show that chromatic dispersion causes a very large power decrease in the received RF signal repeatedly. In the direct optical modulation ROF system with input in the form of 4-QAM, 16-QAM, and 64-QAM modulated RF signals, there is a decrease in power at the same fiber length, namely at 1 and 3 km fiber length. In the external optical modulation ROF system, there is a decrease in power at the same point, namely at a fiber length of 1 and 3 km.Keywords: Dispersion, Direct Modulation, External modulation, QAM, ROF