bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The investigation of the association of pregnancy weight gain on maternal and neonatal gut microbiota composition and abundance using 16sRNA sequencing
Authors: Song Zhiying , Liu Hui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the association of pregnancy weight gain on gut microbiota in pregnant women and newborns.

Methods
Pregnant women who had regular antenatal check-ups and were hospitalised for delivery at Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into the normal pre-pregnancy weight-normal pregnancy weight gain group (N-NG group), the normal pregnancy weight-excessive pregnancy weight gain group (N-EG group), the pre-pregnancy overweight/obese-normal pregnancy weight gain group (O-NG group) and the pre-pregnancy overweight/obese-excessive pregnancy weight gain group (O-EG group). Faecal samples of the pregnant women before delivery (37–41+ 6 weeks of gestation) and the first meconium samples of their newborns were collected, sequenced for 16S rRNA gut microbiota and analysed. The results of different gut microbiota were compared separately. χ2 test, a one-way analysis of variance or the rank sum test were performed according to data type and distribution. The differences in the Alpha diversity between the groups were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test. The differences in the Beta diversity between the groups were analysed using the Adonis method.

Results
A total of 126 pre-delivery faecal samples from pregnant women and the first faecal samples from their newborns were collected. Seven species with significant abundance differences between the maternal O-NG and N-EG groups and 27 species with significant abundance differences in the newborns were analysed by LEfSe. In the Alpha diversity analysis, the differences in the maternal observed species index and the Chao1 index were statistically significant (p < 0.05) when compared between the groups (O-EG group versus the O-NG group, N-EG group and N-NG group), and the differences in the Shannon index and Simpson index were not statistically significant (p > 0.05) when compared between the groups. The neonatal observed species index, Chao1 index, Shannon index and Simpson index showed statistically significant differences in the comparison between the N-EG and O-EG groups (p < 0.05). In the Beta diversity analysis, the maternal samples did not differ Significantly between the four groups (p > 0.05), while the neonatal samples differed Significantly between the N-EG and N-NG, O-NG, and O-EG groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Pregnancy weight gain affects the composition and abundance of maternal and neonatal gut microbiota species as well as the diversity of neonatal gut microbiota.
Anxiety and depression in pregnant women who have experienced a previous perinatal loss: a case-cohort study from Scandinavia
Authors: Mainali Anustha , Infanti Jennifer J. , Thapa Suraj Bahadur , Jacobsen Geir W. , Larose Tricia L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPerinatal loss can have long-lasting adverse effects on a woman’s psychosocial health, including during subsequent pregnancies. However, maternal mental health status after perinatal loss during subsequent pregnancy is understudied with very little data available for Scandinavian populations.AimsThe primary aim of the study was to explore the association between previous perinatal loss and anxiety/depression symptoms of expectant mothers during the subsequent pregnancy. The secondary aim of this study was to explore possible determinants of maternal mental health during the subsequent pregnancy, independent of previous perinatal loss.MethodThis case-cohort study is based on primary data from Scandinavian Successive Small-for-Gestational Age Births Study (SGA Study) in Norway and Sweden. The total case-cohort sample in the current study includes 1458 women. Cases include 401 women who had reported a previous perinatal loss (spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, or neonatal death) and who responded to two mental health assessment instruments, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association between previous perinatal loss and maternal mental health in subsequent pregnancy.ResultsScandinavian pregnant women with previous perinatal loss reported higher symptoms for both anxiety and depression during their subsequent pregnancy compared to mothers in the same cohort reported no previous perinatal loss. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a positive association between previous perinatal loss and per unit increase in both total anxiety score (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.49–1.95) and total depression score (β: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.06–1.74). We identified several factors associated with maternal mental health during pregnancy independent of perinatal loss, including unintended pregnancy despite 97% of our population being married/cohabitating.ConclusionWomen who have experienced previous perinatal loss face a significantly higher risk of anxiety and depression symptoms in their subsequent pregnancy.
Maternal expectations of fetal gender and risk of postpartum depression
Authors: Rong Xiao-Fan , Li Ming-Qing , Pérez-López Faustino R. , Wu Jiang-Nan , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Female offspring was associated with a high risk of postpartum depression (PPD) during the one-child policy period in China. However, little is known about the association between maternal expectations on fetal gender and the risk of PPD in the context of the new two children policy implemented in 2016.

Methods
We conducted a hospital-based cohort study of women with singleton pregnancies between 2017 and 2018 (n = 991) to address this concern. Logistic regression was run to estimate the association between unexpected fetal gender and the risk of PPD.

Results
A total of 127 women (12.8%) were diagnosed with PPD. Compared with women who achieved fetal gender expectations, the odds ratio (OR) for PPD among those who had an unexpected fetal gender was 2.44 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–4.58) (in the backward method logistic regression model) and 2.25 (95% CI: 1.21–4.18) (in the forward method model), respectively. The disparity of the association was significant among primiparous and pluriparous women (OR, 2.52, 95% CI: 1.32–4.84, P = 0.005 vs. OR, 0.91, 95% CI: 0.09–8.75, P = 0.932). Fetal gender expectations accounted for about 15% of the risk of PPD in the structural equation models.

Conclusions
These results indicated that unexpected fetal gender was associated with an increased risk of PPD among Chinese primiparous women.
Clinical impact of tetracyclines and/or proton pump inhibitors on the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Hsia , Wu Tien-Yuan , Chen Chi-Hua , Kuo Yu-Hung , Hour Mann-Jen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
This retrospective cohort study examined the impact of tetracyclines (TCs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) alone or in combination on the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
Patients with NSCLC treated with gefitinib or erlotinib for at least 1 week between January 2009 and October 2021 were enrolled and divided into four groups based on the presence/absence of TC and/or PPI in the therapeutic regimen: TC-/PPI-, TC + /PPI-, TC-/PPI + , TC + /PPI + . Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively.

Results
The estimated median PFS and OS of 347 included patients with NSCLC were 8.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.66–9.48) months and 13.10 (95% CI: 11.03–15.17) months, respectively. Co-administration of EGFR-TKIs with PPIs decreased the PFS and OS, while that with TCs improved the PFS and OS. However, the concomitant use of EGFR-TKIs, TCs, and PPIs yielded survival rates similar to that of EGFR-TKI therapy alone.

Conclusions
The administration of EGFR-TKIs with other drugs poses a challenge in managing patients with NSCLC. Therefore, reassessing the indications and necessity of TC or PPI therapy is essential for patients receiving erlotinib or gefitinib. The benefits and risks of possible discontinuation due to the clinical relevance of this interaction should be considered.
Adverse drug events and contributing factors among pediatric cancer patients at Jimma University medical center, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tola Wayessa Olika , Melaku Tsegaye , Fufa Diriba , Sheleme Tadesse 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The characteristics and incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs) among pediatric cancer patients in developing countries have not been well characterized. ADEs & medication errors associated with cancer chemotherapy in children need to be analyzed on their incidence and severity. The purpose of this study was hence, to assess the incidence of adverse drug events and contributing factors among pediatric cancer patients at Jimma university medical center, Jimma, Ethiopia.

Method
A prospective observational method was used to study adverse drug events in pediatrics admitted to the pediatric oncology unit of Jimma University medical center between October and December 2020. The ADEs were identified using multifaceted approaches involving daily chart review, interviews of Parents/caregivers (and/or children themselves), attendance at ward rounds, and voluntary staff reports. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the predictors of the identified ADEs. Those factors that showed association at p-value < 0.25 in the univariate analysis were added to the backward multivariate logistic regression model and the significant association was checked at p-value < 0.05.

Result
A total of 73 (46 male and 27 female) patients were included in the study. A total of 466 ADEs were identified with an incidence of 638.36 ADEs per 100 patients, 38.35 ADEs per 100 patient days, and 2.34 ADEs per chemotherapy cycle. The most common ADEs were hematologic toxicities (anemia 55(11.8%), neutropenia 52(11.16%) & thrombocytopenia 31(6.65%)), and gastrointestinal effects (nausea 46(9.87%), vomiting 46(9.87%), anorexia 41(8.8%). Out of 466 ADEs, 150 (32.19%) were classified as common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) as Grade 1, 199 (42.70%) as Grade 2, 64(13.73%) as Grade 3, 48(10.30%) as grade 4 and 5(1.07%) as Grade 5. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most common comorbidity present, 20(27.40%) followed by pneumonia, 4(5.50%). Presence of comorbidity (AOR 12.700, CI 1.978–81.549), cancer type (AOR 13.332, CI 3.288–54.059), use of 4 or more chemotherapy drugs (AOR 6.179, CI 1.894–20.165) and length of hospital stay more than 8 days (AOR 5.367, CI 1.167–24.684) were associated with the risk of developing grades 3 and 4 ADEs.

Conclusion
Adverse drug events were common in the pediatric oncology ward of JUMC. In particular, children with multiple chemotherapy drugs and those with the comorbid condition were at greater risk for adverse drug events.
A case report and literature review on nephrogenic alveolar soft part sarcoma: clinicopathological manifestations and genetic features
Authors: Wang Xue , Yu Jingjing , Fan Xiaodong , Ma Suya , Xie Xiaohong , Gao Ning , Huang Shuaishuai , Lu Aimei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare kind of malignant soft tissue tumor with undefined differentiation, of which the incidence rate accounts for only 0.5–1.0% among all kinds of soft tissue tumors. An even rarer ASPS occurs in kidney.

Case presentation
Here we reported a case of a 7-year-old girl diagnosed with nephrogenic ASPS, regarding the analyses of the incidence, clinical manifestation, pathology and genetic diagnosis, in order to deepen the recognition of the disease.

Conclusions
ASPS is very rare, and tends to occur to young patients. It is very significant to precisely diagnose ASPS at an early stage, which will be the key point for the following treatment choices and prognosis.
Comparison of simplicity, convenience, safety, and cost-effectiveness between use of insulin pen devices and disposable plastic syringes by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study from Bangladesh
Authors: Kamrul-Hasan A. B. M. , Hannan Mohammad Abdul , Alam Muhammad Shah , Rahman Mohammad Motiur , Asaduzzaman Md. , Mustari Marufa , Paul Ajit Kumar , Kabir Md. Lutful , Chowdhury Sumon Rahman , Talukder Samir Kumar , Sarkar Sourav , Hannan Muhammad Abdul , Islam Md. Rashedul , Iftekhar Mohammad Hasan , Robel Md. Abdul Bari , Selim Shahjada 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Insulin pen devices and disposable plastic insulin syringes are two common tools for insulin administration. This study aims to compare the simplicity, convenience, safety, and cost-effectiveness of insulin pens versus syringe devices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at 14 diabetes clinics throughout Bangladesh from November 2021 to April 2022 among adults with T2DM injecting insulin by pen devices or disposable insulin syringes at least once a day for at least one year by purposive sampling. The simplicity, convenience, and safety of insulin devices were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the study subjects were scored based on their answers; higher scores indicated a poorer response. Total scores for simplicity, convenience, and safety were obtained by adding the scores for relevant components. Their average monthly medical expense and cost of insulin therapy were recorded. The median values of the total scores and monthly expenses were compared between pen devices and disposable syringe users.

Results:
737 subjects were evaluated; 406 were pen users, and 331 were vial syringe users. The pen users had lower median scores for simplicity [6.0 (5.0–8.0) vs. 7.0 (5.0–9.0), p = 0.002], convenience [4.0 (3.0–6.0) vs. 5.0 (4.0–6.0), p < 0.001], and safety [7.0 (6.0–8.0) vs. 7.0 (6.0–9.0), p = 0.008] than vial syringe users. Pen devices were more expensive than vial syringes in terms of average medical expense per month [BDT 5000 (3500–7000) vs. 3000 (2000–5000), p < 0.001], the total cost of insulin therapy per month [BDT 2000 (1500–3000) vs. 1200 (800–1700), p < 0.001] and cost per unit of insulin used [BDT 2.08 (1.39–2.78) vs. 0.96 (0.64–1.39), p < 0.001]. Non-significant differences in favor of pens were observed in HbA1c levels [8.7 (7.8–10) vs. 8.9 (7.9–10)%, p = 0.607] and proportions of subjects having HbA1c < 7% (6.9 vs. 6.3%, p = 0.991).

Conclusion:
Insulin pens are simpler, more convenient, and safe but more expensive than vial syringes. Glycemic control is comparable between pen and syringe users. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to determine the clinical and economic impacts of such benefits of insulin pens.
The effect of implant surgery experience on the learning curve of a dynamic navigation system: an in vitro study
Authors: Xu Zonghe , Zhou Lin , Zheng Ming , Lin Yanjun , Huang Wenxiu , Chen Jiang , Li Yan , Wu Dong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Dynamic navigation systems have a broad application prospect in digital implanting field. This study aimed to explore and compare the dynamic navigation system learning curve of dentists with different implant surgery experience through dental models.

Methods
The nine participants from the same hospital were divided equally into three groups. Group 1 (G1) and Group 2 (G2) were dentists who had more than 5 years of implant surgery experience. G1 also had more than 3 years of experience with dynamic navigation, while G2 had no experience with dynamic navigation. Group 3 (G3) consisted of dentists with no implant surgery experience and no experience with dynamic navigation. Each participant sequentially placed two implants (31 and 36) on dental models according to four practice courses (1–3, 4–6, 7–9, 10–12 exercises). Each dentist completed 1–3, 4–6 exercises in one day, and then 7–9 and 10–12 exercises 7 ± 1 days later. The preparation time, surgery time and related implant accuracy were analyzed.

Results
Three groups placed 216 implants in four practice courses. The regressions for preparation time (F = 10.294, R2 = 0.284), coronal deviation (F = 4.117, R2 = 0.071), apical deviation (F = 13.016, R2 = 0.194) and axial deviation (F = 30.736, R2 = 0.363) were statistically significant in G2. The regressions for preparation time (F = 9.544, R2 = 0.269), surgery time (F = 45.032, R2 = 0.455), apical deviation (F = 4.295, R2 = 0.074) and axial deviation (F = 21.656, R2 = 0.286) were statistically significant in G3. Regarding preparation and surgery time, differences were found between G1 and G3, G2 and G3. Regarding implant accuracy, differences were found in the first two practice courses between G1 and G3.

Conclusions
The operation process of dynamic navigation system is relatively simple and easy to use. The linear regression analysis showed there is a dynamic navigation learning curve for dentists with or without implant experience and the learning curve of surgery time for dentists with implant experience fluctuates. However, dentists with implant experience learn more efficiently and have a shorter learning curve.
Associations between infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice and attitudes toward intimate partner violence (IPV) in Timor-Leste
Authors: Sasaki Kyoko , Watanabe Mika , Ximenes Leonard , Pacheco Cipriano , Higuchi Michiyo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Both the proportions of malnutrition among children and women’s justifying partner’s intimate partner violence (IPV) are high in Timor-Leste. However, no study has looked at the associations between acceptable infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and women’s attitudes toward IPV, as a women’s empowerment index. In light of the lack of evidence described above, the study objective was to examine associations between IYCF practice and attitudes toward IPV in Timor-Leste and other women’s characteristics.

Methods
A secondary analysis of children’s records from the Demographic and Health Survey Timor-Leste 2016 was conducted using a cross-sectional design. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to investigate associations between acceptable IYCF and women’s agreement that men are justified in beating their wives for five specific reasons and socio-economic factors.

Results
The day before the survey, 33.4% of mothers gave their child at least the minimum dietary diversity and 46.4% at least the minimum meal frequency; and 15.0% practiced acceptable IYCF. Among all respondents, 17.5% did not agree that all five specific reasons for beating are justified. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of acceptable IYCF for mothers who did not agree was 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–2.09) compared to those who agreed. The aOR of acceptable IYCF for mothers who worked outside the home was 1.48 (95% CI 1.16–1.96) compared to those who did not. Compared to mothers in the poorest quintile, the aORs of acceptable IYCF among those in the poorer, middle, richer, and richest quintiles were 1.33 (95% CI 0.83–2.21), 1.90 (95% CI 1.15–3.14), 2.01 (95% CI 1.17–3,45), and 2.99 (95% CI 1.63–5.50) respectively. Compared to children aged 6–11 months, the aORs of acceptable IYCF for children aged 12–17 months and 18–23 months were 2.14 (95% CI 1.54–2.97) and 1.63 (95% CI 1.14–2.34), respectively.

Conclusions
Acceptable IYCF was associated with mothers’ attitudes toward wife-beating, wealth quintile, and mother’s work. Factors that we found associated with IYCF were all related to women’s empowerment. It implies that women’s empowerment is a key to improving mothers’ childcare. Merely promoting a specific childcare practice may not be enough for better child health.
Postoperative Supplemental Oxygen in Liver Transplantation (PSOLT) does not reduce the rate of infections: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Figiel Wojciech , Niewiński Grzegorz , Grąt Michał , Krawczyk Marek , Stypułkowski Jan , Lewandowski Zbigniew , Krasnodębski Maciej , Patkowski Waldemar , Zieniewicz Krzysztof 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite inconsistent evidence, international guidelines underline the importance of perioperative hyperoxygenation in prevention of postoperative infections. Further, data on safety and efficacy of this method in liver transplant setting are lacking. The aim was to evaluate efficacy and safety of postoperative hyperoxygenation in prophylaxis of infections after liver transplantation.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, patients undergoing liver transplantation were randomly assigned to either 28% or 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) for 6 postoperative hours. Infections occurring during 30-day post-transplant period were the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included 90-day mortality, 90-day severe morbidity, 30-day pulmonary complications, durations of hospital and intensive care unit stay, and 5-day postoperative bilirubin concentration, alanine and aspartate transaminase activity, and international normalized ratio (INR) (clinicatrials.gov NCT02857855).

Results
A total of 193 patients were included and randomized to 28% (n = 99) and 80% (n = 94) FiO2. With similar patient, operative, and donor characteristics in both groups, infections occurred in 34.0% (32/94) of patients assigned to 80% FiO2 as compared to 23.2% (23/99) of patients assigned to 28% FiO2 (p = 0.112). Patients randomized to 80% FiO2 more frequently developed severe complications (p = 0.035), stayed longer in the intensive care unit (p = 0.033), and had higher bilirubin concentration over first 5 post-transplant days (p = 0.043). No significant differences were found regarding mortality, duration of hospital stay, pulmonary complications, and 5-day aspartate and alanine transaminase activity and INR.

Conclusions
Postoperative hyperoxygenation should not be used for prophylaxis of infections after liver transplantation due to the lack of efficacy.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02857855. Registered 7 July 2016.