bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotyping Investigation of Ciprofloxacin Resistance Genes (Parc And Pare) In Clinical Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates
Authors: Dukhan Noor , Ghareeb Abdulameer , Zedan Tamara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa's low susceptibility to the development of antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial drugs, therapy and control of severe infections often result in recurrent difficulties. A bacterial isolate with multidrug resistance (MDR) is one that is resistant to at least one compound from more than three antimicrobial groups, such as aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones (10). Human burn wounds are complex environments where necrotic tissue and exudates formed from plasma develop.
Methods
The samples were immediately cultivated on Pseudomonas aeruginosa-selective Blood, MacConkey, Nutrient, and Cetrimide agar media and incubated overnight at 37°C under aerobic conditions. Several biochemical tests, including Oxidase and Catalase tests, were used to identify P. aeruginosa. Additionally, the identification was confirmed using a quick identification procedure (VITEK 2 System). After adding 20% glycerol, the detected isolates were kept at -20°C.
Results
The findings of the local isolates' sequences being aligned with the reference strain revealed some mismatches in the nucleotides of our query at various locations, including deletions and replacements. According to the findings in table 4, there were discrepancies between the isolates from burn that were resistant to ciprofloxacin (P1 and P16) and the reference bacteria (CP034435).
Conclusion
The following are the findings of the current study: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is more prevalent in burn samples than in other clinical samples. Misuse of these antibiotics may contribute to an increase in MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly resistance to fluroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin).
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- producing gram-negative bacterial infections in severely ill COVID-19 patients admitted in a national referral hospital, Kenya
Authors: Mutua Jeniffer Munyiva , Mwaniki John Njeru , Musyoki Abednego Moki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative strains, are associated with increased morbidity, hospital stay and mortality. However, there is limited data on the epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in COVID-19 patients. Here, we assessed the prevalence and the factors associated with ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infections among severely ill laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), Kenya.
Methods: We adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study design for patients admitted between October 2021 and February 2022, purposively recruiting 120 participants based on clinical presentation. Demographics and clinical characteristics data were collected using structured questionnaires and case report forms. Clinical samples were collected and analyzed by standard microbiological methods in the KNH Microbiology laboratory and the Centre for Microbiology, Kenya Medical Research Institute.
Results: GNB infections prevalence was 40.8%, with the majority caused by ESBL – producers (67.3%) predominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae (45.5%). Generally, 73% of the ESBL producers harboured our target ESBL genes, mainly CTX-M-type (59%, 17/29) in K. pneumoniae (76.9%, 20/26). GNB harbouring TEM-type (83%, 10/12) and SHV-type (100%, 7/7) genes showed ESBLs phenotypes and inhibitor resistance, mainly involving clavulanate, but most of them remained susceptible to tazobactam (60%, 6/10). SHV-type genes carrying ESBL producers showed resistance to both cefotaxime CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) (K. pneumoniae), CAZ (E. coli) or CTX (E. cloacae complex and K. pneumoniae). About 87% (20/23) of isolates encoding CTX-M-type β-lactamases displayed the typical CTX/ceftriaxone (CRO) resistance phenotype. About 42% of isolates with CTX-M-type β-lactamases only hydrolyzed ceftazidime (CAZ). Isolates with OXA-type β-lactamases were resistant to CTX, CAZ, CRO, cefepime and aztreonam. Patients with comorbidities were about ten (10) times more likely to have an ESB-producing GNB infection (aOR =9.86, 95%CI: 1.30 – 74.63, p =0.003).
Conclusion: We report a high prevalence of ESBL-GNB infections in severely ill COVID-19 patients, predominantly due to Klebsiella pneumoniae harbouring CTX-M type ESBL genes. The patient’s underlying comorbidities increased the risk of ESBL-producing GNB infection. Enhanced systematic and continuous surveillance of ESBL-producing GNB, strict adherence to infection control measures and antimicrobial stewardship policies in the current study setting are warranted.
Crime Prediction Based on Person-Weapons Relation using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Ruprah Taranpreet , Shrivastav Hemang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Crime Scene detection or predicting the chances of happening the crime without any involvement of human intervention is always the crucial task in the field of artificial intelligence. In this paper crime forecasting based on the weapon detection and tracking with the person can help investigator to understand the sequence of action took place during the crime. The images are manually annotated, which is a process where an expert goes through each images and mark the position and class of object within the image. Object detection and classification algorithms provides the necessary ground to verify data for the algorithms. The models like SSD, YOLO and Faster RCNN are used for weapons detection and mediapipe library is used to generate the human body datapoints and calculate the relation between weapons with the human. The maximum accuracy of Faster RCNN with mediapipe library is 97%.
N1-methyladenosine methylation in mRNAs drives bladder cancer progression
Authors: Song Dongkui , Yin Jianjian , Fan Xin , Chang Qi , Dai Yuanheng , Wang Tao , Shi Lei , Yang Linlin , Yang Xiaoming , Liu Tao , Zhang Xu Dong , Jin Lei , Lu Yong-jie , Zhang Lirong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the growing recognition of RNA modification as a hallmark of cancer, N1-methyladenosine (m1A) methylation has been reported as a key mechanism of post-transcriptional regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying m1A modification in bladder cancer (BLCA) progression remain unclear. In the current study, we aimed to explore the role of m1A methylation in BLCA. We found that the expression of the m1A methyltransferase TRMT61A was significantly elevated in human BLCA tissues. TRMT61A inhibition attenuated BLCA cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, transcriptional profiling identified heme oxygenase-2 (HMOX2) as an m1A modification target of TRMT61A, and HMOX2 mRNA m1A modifications were reduced in TRMT61A-deficient cells. TRMT61A promoted HMOX2 mRNA stabilization in a YTHDF1-dependent manner, and YTHDF1 knockdown decreased the stability of HMOX2 mRNA through an m1A modification-dependent mechanism, leading to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, NF-κB was found to bind to the promoter region of TRMT61A and stimulate its expression. NF-κB activation also increased the nuclear translocation of TRMT61A. Together, our results demonstrate the oncogenic role of TRMT61A and the m1A modification-mediated NF-κB/TRMT61A/HMOX2 signaling pathway activation in BLCA, thus highlighting a novel therapeutic target for this disease.
Candidicidal Effect of Arginine-based Surfactants
Authors: Fait María Elisa , Grillo Patricia , Garrote Graciela L. , Prieto Eduardo , Vázquez Romina F. , Saparrat Mario C. N. , Morcelle Susana R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Amino-acid–based surfactants are a group of compounds that resemble natural amphiphiles and thus are expected to have a low impact on the environment, owing to either the mode of surfactant production or its means of disposal. Within this context, arginine-based tensioactives have gained particular interest since their cationic nature—in combination with their amphiphilic character—enables them to act as broad-spectrum biocides. This capability is based mainly on their interactive affinity for the microbial envelope that alters the latter’s structure and ultimately its function. In the work reported here, we investigated the efficiency of Nα-benzoyl arginine decyl- and dodecylamide against Candida spp. to further our understanding of the antifungal mechanism involved. For the assays, both a Candida albicans and a Candida tropicalis clinical isolates along with a C. albicans–collection strain were used as references. As expected, both arginine-based compounds proved to be effective against the strains tested through inhibiting both the planktonic and the sessile growth. Furthermore, atomic-force–microscopy techniques and lipid-monolayer experiments enabled us to gain insight into the effect of the surfactant on the cellular envelope. The results demonstrated that all the yeasts treated exhibited changes in their exomorphologic structure, with respect to alterations in both roughness and stiffness, relative to the nontreated ones. This finding—in addition to the amphiphiles’ proven ability to insert themselves within this model fungal membrane—could explain the changes in the yeast-membrane permeability that could be linked to viability loss and mixed-vesicle release.
Perforated voluminous duodenal Burkitt lymphoma causing severe peritonitis, a case report
Authors: jbilou aymane , Aggouri Younes , Ahallat Anass , Aitlaalim Said 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The management of duodenal malignant lymphoma presents challenges due to the presence of serious complications like obstruction, pancreatitis, and perforation. As a result, a combination of surgical measures and interdisciplinary procedures is necessary. We report a case of a 44 years old man suffering from abdominal pain and vomiting, CT images showed a voluminous intraperitoneal perforated tumour, intra operative exlopration showed that the origin of the tumour is duodenum , a resection was performed , patient died few hours after surgery, , histological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnostic of burkitt lymphoma . the primary treatment for gastrointestinal lymphomas remains chemotherapy, but in cases of duodenal lymphoma, a significant number of patients need surgery due to complicated presentations.
Disease trajectories in elders with suspected non-Alzheimer’s pathophysiology and its comparison with Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology: a longitudinal study
Authors: Li Jie-Qiong , Song Jing-Hui , Suckling John , Wang Yan-Jiang , Zuo Chuan-Tao , Zhang Can , Gao Jing- , Song Yu-Qiang , Xie An-Mu , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
According to the new ‘AT(N)’ system, those with a normal amyloid biomarker but with abnormal tauopathy or biomarkers of neurodegeneration or neuronal injury, have been labeled suspected non-Alzheimer’s pathophysiology (SNAP). We aimed to estimate the long-term clinical and cognitive trajectories of SNAP individuals in non-demented elders and its comparison with individual in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathophysiology using ‘AT(N)’ system.
Methods
We included individuals with available baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ (A), CSF phosphorylated tau examination (T) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET or volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (N) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. Longitudinal change in clinical outcomes are assessed using linear mixed effects models. Conversion risk from cognitively normal (CN) to cognitively impairment, and conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia are assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.
Results
Totally, 366 SNAP individuals were included (114 A-T-N-, 154 A-T + N-, 54 A-T-N + and 44 A-T + N+) of whom 178 were CN and 188 were MCI. Compared with A-T-N-, CN elders with A-T + N-, A-T-N + and A-T + N + had a faster rate of ADNI-MEM score decline. Moreover, CN older individuals with A-T + N + also had a faster rate of decline in ADNI-MEM score than those with A-T + N- individuals. MCI patients with A-T + N + had a faster rate of ADNI-MEM and ADNI-EF decline and hippocampal volume loss compared with A-T-N- and A-T + N- profiles. CN older individuals with A-T + N + had an increased risk of conversion to cognitive impairment (CDR-GS ≥ 0.5) compared with A-T + N- and A-T-N-. In MCI patients, A-T + N + also had an increased risk of conversion to dementia compared with A-T + N- and A-T-N-. Compared with A-T + N-, CN elders and MCI patients with A + T + N- and A + T + N + had a faster rate of ADNI-MEM score, ADNI-EF score decline, and hippocampal volume loss. CN individuals with A + T + N + had a faster rate of ADNI-EF score decline compare with A-T + N + individuals. Moreover, MCI patients with A + T + N + also had a faster rate of decline in ADNI-MEM score, ADNI-EF score and hippocampal volume loss than those with A-T + N + individuals.
Conclusions
The findings from clinical, imaging and biomarker studies on SNAP, and its comparison with AD pathophysiology offered an important foundation for future studies.
Application of traditional Chinese medicine in inhibiting the PD-L1 pathway for gastric cancer and colon cancer treatment
Authors: Zhu Xinghui , XIE Li , CHEN DongMei , ZHAO Ming Rui , Liu XiaoMing , FAN ZhiChao , CHENG Ci-Song 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) is a suppressor-like receptor located on T cells that interacts with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) to suppress T cell expression, resulting in tumor immune escape. The way to achieve immunotherapy by inhibiting PD-1 and PD-L1 pathways and blocking PD-1 and PD-L1 binding, thereby achieving T-cell upregulation, has been validated by the FDA to enter clinical practice. To date, natural components from herbal medicine such as paclitaxel and camptothecin have been shown to play a role in oncological treatment either alone or in combination with currently known therapies. Meanwhile, many animal experimental studies have shown that natural ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine or traditional Chinese herbal compounds can play a positive role in gastric and colon cancer by inhibiting the PD-L1 pathway. This review focuses on the mechanism of PD-L1 and the modulation of PD-L1 pathway by some traditional Chinese medicines in two common types of digestive cancers, gastric cancer and rectal colon cancer, with the aim to open up new ideas for the development of novel drugs against digestive cancers.
Nucleophosmin 1 cooperates with the methyltransferase DOT1L to regulate H3K79me2 levels and DNA satellites expression at peri-nucleolar heterochromatin
Authors: izzo annalisa , akol ipek , Villarreal Alejandro , Garcia-Miralles Marta , Bovio Patrick , Heidrich Stefanie , Vogel Tanja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The histone methyltransferase DOT1L catalyzes methylation of H3K79 and it is highly conserved in mammals. DOT1L plays a functional role in several biological processes including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, RNA splicing and gene expression, suggesting a complex role in chromatin organization and regulation. Such a remarkable range of functions performed by DOT1L can be the result, at least partially, of its interaction with a plethora of proteins and presence in different complexes.
Results
Here, we characterized the cooperation of DOT1L with the nucleolar protein NPM1 and the impact of both proteins on peri-nucleolar heterochromatin activity. We show that i) DOT1L interacts preferentially with monomeric NPM1 in the nucleus; ii) DOT1L acts in concert with NPM1 to maintain each other’s protein homeostasis; iii) NPM1 depletion results in H3K79me2 upregulation at chromatin remodeling genes but does not affect their expression; iv) DOT1L and NPM1 preserved DNA satellite expression at peri-nucleolar heterochromatin via epigenetic mechanisms dependent on H3K27me3.
Conclusions
Our findings give insights into molecular mechanisms employed by DOT1L and NPM1 to regulate heterochromatin activities around the nucleoli and shed light on one aspect of the complex role of both proteins in chromatin dynamics.
Investigation of Cataract Hardness Within the Scope of Surgical Success and Complication
Authors: Sever Tomurcuk Harbigil , Yarımağa İffet 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cataract is a disease that affects the quality of vision at almost every stage of life. Traumatic cataract cases are also frequently encountered in addition to cataract cases that develop due to age and genetic factors. In terms of surgery, cataract cases can be divided into hard and soft. How does the hard or soft cataract affect the surgical success during phacoemulsification used for the treatment of cataract? Is cataract classification related to complications? What is the relationship between phaco time and cataract classes? In this study, answers to the above questions were sought.
Materials and methods
A total of 287 eyes of 287 patients who met the conditions for cataract surgery at the Van Training and Research Hospital Eye Clinic between 2020 and 2022 were included in the study. Ethics committee approval was also obtained from the ethics committee of the same hospital. The research design can be described as correlational research. Linear relationships between two or more variables will be tested. Frequency analysis, t test, correlation analysis and regression analysis were applied by means of SPSS (ver. 20) package program.
Results
According to the results of this study, a significant relationship was found between cataract hardness and phaco time. The greater the hardness of the cataract, the longer the phaco period. The prolongation of the phaco period in surgery increases the risk of complications. Contrary to the common results in the literature, posterior capsule rupture complications were more common in soft cataracts in this study. When visual acuity was compared, postoperative visual acuity did not differ between hard and soft cataracts. However, a significant difference was found in the evaluation of the groups within themselves before and after surgery.
Conclusion
Rupture of the posterior capsule is more common in soft cataracts. There is no difference between soft and hard cataracts in terms of visual acuity. In addition, there was no difference between hard and soft cataracts in terms of intraocular pressure.
Effect of light stress on maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II and chloroplast structure in cryptogams Cladonia mitis and Pleurozium schreberi
Authors: Dziurowicz Patrycja , Fałowska Patrycja , Waszkiewicz Karolina , Wietrzyk-Pełka Paulina , Węgrzyn Michał H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Earlier beliefs suggested that lichens thrived in open and warm environments, whereas mosses prefer shaded places with high humidity. However, excessive light can be a stress factor for both lichens and bryophytes, as it can damage their photosynthetic apparatus, particularly the chlorophyll pigments located in the chloroplasts. The measurement of photosynthetic activity and the use of fluorescence microscopy allows the assessment of the influence of light as a stress factor on the state of preservation of the thallus. The main goal of our research was to determine the changes that occur in the photosynthetic activity and structure of chloroplasts of selected species lichen Cladonia mitis (Sandst.) and moss Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. Ex Brid.) under the influence of different intensity of light in laboratory conditions: FL − 100% light, RL − 30% maximum light, and NL - natural sunlight. The results of the two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests showed a variation in the activities of the selected species over time depending on the amount of light energy supplied. The results showed that Cladonia mitis showed the lowest level of chloroplast fluorescence in the strongest and reduced light, which coincides with its low level of photosynthetic activity. The moss showed high and intense fluorescent activity of the chloroplasts, indicating their much higher resistance to light radiation.
Clinician Experiences With Hybrid Closed Loop Insulin Delivery Systems in Veterans With Type 1 Diabetes: Qualitative Study
Authors: Mizokami-Stout Kara , Thompson Holly M , Hurren Kathryn , Leone Virginia , Piatt Gretchen A , Lee Joyce M , Pop-Busui Rodica , DeJonckheere Melissa 
Published: March 2023

Background
Hybrid closed loop (HCL) insulin pumps adjust insulin delivery based on input from a continuous glucose monitor. Several systems are FDA approved and associated with improved time in range, reduction in hemoglobin A1c, and decreased incidence of hypoglycemia. Major diabetes guidelines differ in their strength of recommendations regarding the use of HCL systems. Overall, limited information about the factors that influence HCL pump clinical decision-making is available, especially among endocrinology clinicians.

Objective
The study objective is to describe the knowledge and attitudes, network support, and self-efficacy regarding HCL insulin delivery systems among endocrinology clinicians in one Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System in the Midwest.

Methods
Following a descriptive approach, this qualitative study used semistructured interviews and inductive thematic analysis. All endocrinologists, endocrinology fellows, and nurses in the endocrinology and metabolism department at one VA Healthcare System in the Midwest were invited to participate in one-on-one phone interviews. Thematic analysis explored clinician perspectives on HCL insulin pump systems.

Results
Participants (n=11) had experience within VA and university health care system endocrinology clinics. From their experiences, 4 themes were identified involving the evaluation and assessment of insulin pump candidates, prescribing challenges, clinical benefits of HCL pumps, and overall clinician confidence.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that clinicians believe HCL systems have significant glycemic benefits but are not appropriate for all patients, especially those with cognitive impairment. HCL pump initiation is a multi-step process requiring an interdisciplinary team of health care clinicians to ensure patient and pump success. Furthermore, HCL systems improve clinician confidence in overall diabetes management.
”Holy shit!!! Jos tuo ei herätä ihmisiä niin sitten ei mikään!”: Salaliittoteoriat ja populistisen kuvittelun kierto hybridissä mediaympäristössä
Authors: Valaskivi Katja , Jääskeläinen Petri , Huhtamäki Jukka , Sumiala Johanna 
Published: March 2023

Artikkeli analysoi salaliittoteorioita populistisena kuvitteluna suomenkielisen sosiaalisen median keskusteluissa pandemiavuonna 2020–2021. Artikkelissa populismia tarkastellaan poliittisena genrenä, joka tuottaa ja ylläpitää tietynlaista poliittista kuvittelua ja tunnestruktuuria sekä perustuu eräänlaiseen ideologiseen maailmankuvaan, uskomuksiin sekä käsitykseen todellisuudesta. Tutkimusote on monimenetelmällinen ja yhdistää verkkoetnografista havainnointia ja laskennallisia menetelmiä. Aineisto on koottu Telegramista, Twitteristä sekä kahdelta herätyskristilliseltä verkkosivustolta neljästä uutistapahtumasta maaliskuun 2020 ja maaliskuun 2021 välillä.