bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groundwater Microbiology of an Urban Open‐Loop Ground Source Heat Pump with High Methane
Authors: J. Barnett Megan , J. Farr Gareth , Shen Jianxun , Gregory Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGround source heat pumps (GSHPs) are low‐carbon alternatives to gas boilers for decarbonizing heating. Open‐loop GSHP systems abstract groundwater, pass it through a heat exchanger, and return it to ground or surface water. Groundwater samples from the top and base of an abstraction and a recharge borehole of an open‐loop GSHP system in Cardiff, UK were assessed, and compared to two local boreholes in the same aquifer. Groundwater samples were taken when the GSHP system was active (once) and inactive (twice) and analyzed for changes in geochemistry, viable cell counts, and microbial community (16S rRNA gene sequencing). The GSHP had a distinct geochemistry and microbial community compared to the control boreholes, and the abstraction borehole showed greater variability than the recharge borehole. The microbial community of the GSHP system showed an increase in relative abundance of genera involved in oxidation of methane and methylated compounds, of which Methylotenera was the most abundant (up to 83.9% of 16S rRNA gene sequences). There were also changes in genera associated with nitrification (Nitrospira, Nitrosomonas) and those with potential for sulfur and iron cycling (Rhodoferax). Methane concentration was analyzed after identification of methylotrophs and found that methane concentrations were up to 2855 μg L−1, thus likely having had a significant impact on the bacterial communities present. Understanding the microbiology and biogeochemistry of GSHP systems provides insight into potential issues with local infrastructure and long‐term system performance, and supports modeling to maximize efficient and sustainable use of the subsurface.
Transmission routes and patterns of helicobacter pylori
Authors: Duan Miao , Li Yueyue , Liu Jing , Zhang Wenlin , Dong Yi , Han Zhongxue , Wan Meng , Lin Minjuan , Lin Boshen , Kong Qingzhou , Ding Yuming , Yang Xiaoyun , Zuo Xiuli , Li Yanqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and objectiveHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram‐negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach, can cause chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers, as well as gastric cancer as a Class I carcinogen. However, the modes of H. pylori transmission are not clear. This review aims to clarify the transmission routes and patterns of H. pylori and identify efficacious prevention measures.MethodsStudies of H. pylori transmission were identified using PubMed, the Web of Science, and Cochrane Central; the retrieval deadline was October 2022.ResultsThe transmission routes of H. pylori are discussed, focusing on the five primary transmission routes, namely fecal–oral, oral–oral, gastric–oral, anal–oral, and genital–oral. We propose that H. pylori is contracted through multiple transmission routes. Additionally, we summarize the key transmission patterns of H. pylori, including person‐to‐person and animal‐to‐human transmission, as well as foodborne and occupational exposure.ConclusionFecal–oral appears to be the most common H. pylori transmission routes. Although the oral–oral pathway is also important, the evidence does not support that this route of transmission is universal. The gastric–oral route occurs primarily in children and patients who are prone to vomiting. Meanwhile, the anal–oral and genital–oral routes remain hypothetical. Person‐to‐person and foodborne infections represent the predominant transmission patterns of H. pylori, whereas strong environmental and occupational limitations are associated with animal‐to‐human and occupational exposure.
Network meta‐analysis of different dosages of esomeprazole and rabeprazole for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Wang Yujiao , Dai Xiaosong , Gao Caiping , Yang Xue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal dosage of new generation proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in increasing cure rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains unclear. This network meta‐analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of different dosages of esomeprazole and rabeprazole in treating H. pylori infection.Materials and MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Registry for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving esomeprazole and rabeprazole with different dosages from their inception through 31 March, 2022. After data extraction and risk of bias assessment, network meta‐analyses were conducted using STATA 14.0. We calculated the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) to rank all regimens.ResultsThirteen studies including 14 reports were included. Six dosages including rabeprazole 10 mg (R10bid), 20 mg (R20bid), and 40 mg (R40bid) twice daily and esomeprazole 20 mg (E20bid) and 40 mg (E40bid) twice daily as well as 40 mg once daily (E40qd) were identified. Network meta‐analysis suggested that R40bid ranked highest in the cure rate (83.8%), followed by E40bid (82.6%), E20bid (54.5%), R20bid (34.2%), R10bid (22.8%), and E40qd (22.0%); however, E40qd ranked highest in adverse events (91.1%), followed by R20bid (57.8), R10bid (57.6%), E20bid (38.9%), E40bid (34.2%), and R40bid (20.4%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results.ConclusionsBased on the available evidence, R40bid and E40bid might be the optimum dosage to increase the cure rate; however, E40qd was superior for adverse events. Nevertheless, future studies should validate the results from this network meta‐analysis.
Involving patients and carers in patient safety in primary care: A qualitative study of a co‐designed patient safety guide
Authors: Morris Rebecca L. , Giles Sally , Campbell Stephen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundInvolving patients is a key premise of national and international policies on patient safety, which requires understanding how patients or carers want to be involved and developing resources to support this. This paper examines patients' and carers' views of being involved in patient safety in primary care and their views of potentially using a co‐designed patient safety guide for primary care (PSG‐PC) to foster both involvement and their safety.MethodsA qualitative study using semistructured face‐to‐face interviews with 18 patients and/or carers in primary care. Interviews were transcribed and analysis was conducted using an inductive thematic approach.ResultsOverall participants expressed enthusiasm for the PSG‐PC as a tool to support patients and carers to be involved in patient safety in primary care. However, for some participants being involved in patient safety was seen as taking on the role of General Practitioner and had the potential to add an additional workload for patients. Participants' willingness or ability to be involved in patient safety was influenced by a range of factors including an invisible, often underacknowledged role of everyday safety for patients' interactions with primary care; the levels of involvement that patients wanted in their care and safety and the work of embedding the PSG‐PC for patients into their routine interactions with primary care. Participants identified components of the PSG‐PC that would be useful to them, in particular, if they had a responsibility for caring for a family member if they had more complex care or long‐term conditions.ConclusionInvolving patients and carers in patient safety needs a tailored and personalized approach that enables patients and carers to use resources like the PSG‐PC routinely and helps challenge assumptions about their willingness and ability to be involved in patient safety. Doing so would raise awareness of opportunities to be involved in safety in line with personal preference.Patient or Public ContributionPatient and public involvement were central to the research study. This included working in partnership to develop the PSG‐PC with patients and carers and throughout our study including in the design of the study, recruiting participants, interpretation of findings.
Rational stability of choice functions
Authors: Peris Josep E. , Subiza Begoña 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTwo independent approaches have been used to analyze choices. A prominent notion is rationalizability: individuals choose maximizing binary relations. An alternative is to analyze choices in terms of standards of behavior with the notion of von Neumann–Morgenstern (vNM)‐stability. We introduce a new concept (stability) that in turn extends the notion of stability and rationality. Our main result establishes that every rationalizable choice function is stable and every vNM‐stable choice has an stable selection. An appealing property of stability is that well‐known solution concepts (top cycle, uncovered set, …) are stable, while they are neither rationalizable nor vNM‐stable.
Prenatal attachment, foetal health locus of control and influencing factors in pregnancy
Authors: Bay Habibe , Akyüz Mahide Demirelöz , Hadımlı Aytül Pelik , Kazandi Mert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine prenatal attachment and foetal health locus of control in pregnant women and factors affecting these parameters.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted with 156 pregnant women (77 low‐risk and 79 high‐risk pregnancies). The study was carried out between August 2015 and February 2016. The data collection instruments included a Participant Information Form, the Prenatal Attachment Inventory and the Foetal Health Locus of Control Scale.ResultsPregnant women's education and foetal health locus of control levels had positive and significant effects on prenatal attachment, and education had an effect on foetal health locus of control. Foetal health locus of control explained 6.3% of the total variance in prenatal attachment levels.ConclusionAs the educational statuses of pregnant women affected their prenatal attachment and foetal health locus of control, information, counselling and care should be prioritized for women with low education levels, in line with their needs. This is particularly important in terms of improving the control of pregnant women with lower prenatal attachment levels or internal locus of control over foetal health.
There is something about oppression: Allies' perspectives on challenges in relationships with experts by experience
Authors: Happell Brenda , Gordon Sarah , Sharrock Julie , Donovan Aine O' , Kenny Nuala , Warner Terri 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe genuine and meaningful involvement of Experts by Experience in the education of health professionals has consistently demonstrated positive attitudinal change in students. These changes are essential if policy goals for recovery‐oriented services and service user participation in mental health services are to be realized. To date academic roles for Experts by Experience have often relied on the support of allies. Despite the important role allies play, research investigating their experiences is limited. The aim of this research was to explore allies' views on supporting implementation of the academic positions for Experts by Experience. A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken involving in‐depth interviews with 16 allies. Data were analysed thematically. Challenges that can exist between allies and Experts by Experience was one theme identified from the data. Allies described occasional difficulties in their relationships with Experts by Experience where they felt they were perceived as representative of members of their broader profession with whom Experts by Experience had negative experiences. The perspectives of allies are presented in four subthemes: relationships imbedded in history; consequences of interpersonal stigma; supportive, protective or paternalistic?; and the passion remains, which describes allies' ongoing commitment to supporting Expert by Experience involvement. Understanding the challenges can assist allies to respond appropriately in a non‐judgemental and supportive manner. Trauma informed practice may provide a useful framework to address conflicts and facilitate more positive relationships between allies and Experts by Experience. These positive relationships are essential to maximize the positive benefits of Experts by Experience on future clinicians.
Periodontal health and patient‐reported outcomes: A longitudinal analysis of data from non‐specialist practice settings
Authors: Sharma Praveen , Kristunas Caroline , Chapple Iain L. , Dietrich Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the associations between periodontal health and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs), accounting for changes over time, in a large, non‐specialist dental practice patient cohort.Materials and MethodsThis longitudinal study used data from 13,162 dentate patients, collected by 162 dentists at routine appointments between May 2013 and April 2020, in 238 non‐specialist dental practices across the United Kingdom. Dentists collected data, as part of routine clinical care, on periodontal probing pocket depths, alveolar bone loss, bleeding on probing, as well as a range of covariates. Patients inputted data on outcomes (oral pain/discomfort, dietary restrictions, and dental appearance). Mixed‐effects logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the associations between periodontal health and PROs. Models accounted for clustering at the patient and dentist level and were adjusted for time and variables which were thought to confound these associations.ResultsThe odds of all PROs tended to increase with worsening periodontal parameters. For example, the odds of reporting pain in the worst periodontal health category were 1.99 (95% confidence interval: 1.57–2.53) times higher than in the best periodontal health category.ConclusionsThis study confirms, using a large longitudinal dataset from a unique non‐specialist setting, the associations between poorer periodontal health and poorer PROs.
Long‐term comparison of root coverage procedures at single RT2 maxillary gingival recessions: Ten‐year extension results from a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cairo Francesco , Cortellini Pierpaolo , Barbato Luigi , Masseti Lorenzo , Mervelt Jana , Nieri Michele , Pini Prato Giovan Paolo , Tonetti Maurizio S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to assess root coverage outcomes 10 years after connective tissue graft plus coronally advanced flap (CTG + CAF) or CAF alone, at single RT2 maxillary gingival recession.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐one of the original 29 patients (11 treated with CAF + CTG and 10 with CAF alone) were available for the 10‐year follow‐up. A blinded and calibrated examiner performed all the measurements. Outcome measures included complete root coverage (CRC), recession reduction (RecRed), root coverage aesthetic score (RES), and keratinized tissue (KT) gain. A visual analogue scale was used to evaluate patient satisfaction.ResultsCRC was maintained in 63% of the test group and 20% of the control group after 10 years, with a significant difference favouring CAF + CTG (p = .030). Furthermore, the addition of CTG was associated with greater KT gain (p = .0002) and greater papilla tip recession (p = .023) than with CAF at the last follow‐up. No difference was detected regarding RecRed, RES, and patient satisfaction.ConclusionsAdding CTG under CAF improved the probability of maintaining complete root coverage 10 years after single maxillary RT2 recession treatment.
Mechanisms underlying corruption of working memory in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Fallon Sean James , van Rhee Chevonne , Kienast Annika , Manohar Sanjay G. , Husain Masud 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWorking memory (WM) impairments are reported to occur in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we investigate several putative factors that might drive poor performance, by examining the precision of recall, the order in which items are recalled and whether memories are corrupted by random guessing (attentional lapses). We used two separate tasks that examined the quality of WM recall under different loads and retention periods, as well as a traditional digit span test. Firstly, on a simple measure of WM recall, where patients were asked to reproduce the orientation of a centrally presented arrow, overall recall was not significantly impaired. However, there was some evidence for increased guessing (attentional lapses). On a new analogue version of the Corsi‐span task, where participants had to reproduce on a touchscreen the exact spatial pattern of presented stimuli in the order and locations in which they appeared, there was a reduction in the precision of spatial WM at higher loads. This deficit was due to misremembering item order. At the highest load, there was reduced recall precision, whereas increased guessing was only observed at intermediate set sizes. Finally, PD patients had impaired backward, but not forward, digit spans. Overall, these results reveal the task‐ and load‐dependent nature of WM deficits in PD. On simple low‐load tasks, attentional lapses predominate, whereas at higher loads, in the spatial domain, the corruption of mnemonic information—both order item and precision—emerge as the main driver of impairment.
“I am busy enough…”: Navigating challenges experienced by Medicaid providers serving pregnant people living with substance use disorders in Alabama
Authors: Horan Holly , Mobley Emmily , Lavender Catherine , Thompson Alyssa , Bryant Wesley , McDaniel Justin , Robertson Ellen , McIntosh Shanna , Albright David L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposePerinatal substance use is a clinical and public health concern. The purpose of the study was to understand the perspectives and experiences of perinatal healthcare providers serving pregnant people who receive Medicaid and are living with a substance use disorder.Design and methodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis of the responses from perinatal healthcare providers who completed a survey to assess the state of Alabama’s capability to effectively identify and treat individuals with substance use disorder. We analyzed short answer responses using consensus coding.FindingsNine‐hundred and ninety‐five Medicaid providers completed the survey, 36 of the respondents identified that they were employed in an obstetric practice. Health insurance limitations, a lack of time and resources, and limited treatment options were the primary barriers indicated in the participants' responses.ConclusionsStructural and health system barriers negatively impact the capacity of perinatal healthcare providers in Alabama to serve pregnant people who receive Medicaid and are living with a substance use disorder.Clinical relevancePerinatal healthcare providers need educational opportunities, training, and up‐to‐date resources to provide supportive, comprehensive care programming for perinatal populations with substance use disorders.
Quality and safety education for nurses: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Sherwood Gwen , Jones Cheryl B. , Conklin Jamie L. , Dodd Adam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeSince its origin in the United States in 2005, Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) has guided nurses' preparation for alleviating preventable harm and improving quality safe care. QSEN's value is illustrated through specific inclusion in the competency‐based 2021 American Association for Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Essentials. The purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to explore publication patterns of the extant QSEN literature to assess QSEN's spread and global penetration and to map the available knowledge and data regarding quality and safety education for nurses.DesignBibliometric analysis.MethodTwo QSEN investigators and two health science librarians completed database searches to identify articles with keywords QSEN or Quality and safety education for nursing. Inclusion criteria were (1) QSEN‐specific and (2) published in a peer‐reviewed journal. Using PRISMA screening, the final sample included 221 articles between 2007 and 2021.ResultsAverage annual QSEN publications was 14.5 articles; the highest was 26 publications in 2017. Article types were 84 research, 77 descriptive/reviews, 28 quality improvement projects or case studies, 20 statements, and 12 editorials. Focus analysis revealed 165 education articles, 35 clinical practice, 17 professional development, and 4 leadership/administration. Fourteen journals published three or more; eight were education journals. Nine topic clusters indicated areas of publication focus, including clinical teaching, simulations, performance, context, and criteria of analysis, factors of efficacy, innovation and advanced practice, patient care and outcomes, academic concepts, and research frameworks.ConclusionsResults reveal far less QSEN penetration for guiding professional practice, research measuring outcomes and impact, and global collaboration to examine cultural implications for diversity and inclusion. Results present future recommendations to assure all nurses worldwide have access to competency development to alleviate preventable healthcare harm.Clinical RelevanceOriginating in the United States (US), the QSEN project provided the seminal framework for transforming education and practice through defining the six quality and safety competencies (patient‐centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence‐based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics) essential to alleviate preventable healthcare harm. Results reveal opportunities to advance QSEN penetration in developing professional practice, guiding research measuring outcomes and impact, and extending global collaboration to examine cultural implications for diversity and inclusion.
Discount‐Rate Risk in Private Equity: Evidence from Secondary Market Transactions
Authors: BOYER BRIAN H. , NADAULD TAYLOR D. , VORKINK KEITH P. , WEISBACH MICHAEL S. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTMeasures of private equity (PE) performance based on cash flows do not account for a discount‐rate risk premium that is a component of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) alpha. We create secondary market PE indices and find that PE discount rates vary considerably. Net asset values are too smooth because they fail to reflect variation in discount rates. Although the CAPM alpha for our index is zero, the generalized public market equivalent based on cash flows is large and positive. We obtain similar results for a set of synthetic funds that invest in small cap stocks. Ignoring variation in PE discount rates can lead to a misallocation of capital.