bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Intermittent Fasting on the Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pérez‐Gerdel Theodoro , Camargo Milena , Alvarado Mateo , Ramírez Juan David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObesity often results in severe negative health consequences and represents a growing issue for global health. Reducing food intake is a crucial factor for weight loss. Intermittent fasting is a relatively new intervention that contributes to weight reduction. Considering the intimate relationship between obesity and inflammatory pathologies with gut microbiota alterations, a systematic review of the literature was herein conducted to elucidate the relationship between time‐restricted food intake and gut microbiota diversity in humans. Searches are carried out in three databases (PubMed, MedLine/OVID, and Academic Search Complete) between April 2019 and April 2022. Nine studies (all with longitudinal design) were identified as eligible by presenting data about the impact of intermittent fasting schemes on gut microbiota. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increase throughout follow‐ups, while 16 bacteria genera change their abundance in response to intermittent fasting. Finally, some genera associated with clinical predictors such as weight change, abdominal circumference, and metabolic variables were reported. Changes induced by fasting schemes positively impact the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota and the biomarkers described here. However, the changes previously reported have been studied in short periods and some return to their basal state after fasting intervention.
Ferroptosis‐Mediated Synergistic Therapy of Hypertrophic Scarring Based on Metal–Organic Framework Microneedle Patch
Authors: Zhao Bin , Guo Wenfeng , Zhou Xiaomeng , Xue Yumeng , Wang Tianyi , Li Qiang , Tan Li‐Li , Shang Li 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHypertrophic scarring, an abnormal fibroproliferative wound‐healing disease, has brought tremendous burden for global healthcare systems. To date, no satisfactory treatment of hypertrophic scarring is available yet. Ferroptosis, an iron‐dependent form of cell death, has attracted much attention recently for the therapy of diseases featuring iron addiction. Intriguingly, myofibroblasts derived from hypertrophic scarring are found to exhibit a high iron state which appears to be sensitive to trigger ferroptosis for scarring treatment. Accordingly, in this study, a pH responsive self‐assembly nanoplatform is designed by encapsulating silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) and Chinese herbal medicine trigonelline (TRG) into zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) for synergistic ferroptosis therapy against hypertrophic scarring. The fabricated AgNC/TRG/ZIF‐8 composites exhibit good biocompatibility and pH responsive‐degradation inside myofibroblasts. The ZIF‐8 precursors can increase the generation of lipid reactive oxygen species and deplete intracellular glutathione (GSH). Also, AgNCs have the capability to consume GSH, while TRG can inhibit the activity of glutathione peroxidase. Consequently, the synergistic ferroptosis anti‐scarring therapy can be effectively achieved. Furthermore, AgNC/TRG/ZIF‐8‐loaded microneedle patches made of gelatin methacrylate show remarkable therapeutic effect against hypertrophic scarring on a rabbit ear model. This study suggests the great potential of ferroptosis‐mediated strategy for treating fibrotic skin diseases in future clinical application.
Machine‐Learning‐Assisted Determination of the Global Zero‐Temperature Phase Diagram of Materials
Authors: Schmidt Jonathan , Hoffmann Noah , Wang Hai‐Chen , Borlido Pedro , Carriço Pedro J. M. A. , Cerqueira Tiago F. T. , Botti Silvana , Marques Miguel A. L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCrystal‐graph attention neural networks have emerged recently as remarkable tools for the prediction of thermodynamic stability. The efficacy of their learning capabilities and their reliability is however subject to the quantity and quality of the data they are fed. Previous networks exhibit strong biases due to the inhomogeneity of the training data. Here a high‐quality dataset is engineered to provide a better balance across chemical and crystal‐symmetry space. Crystal‐graph neural networks trained with this dataset show unprecedented generalization accuracy. Such networks are applied to perform machine‐learning‐assisted high‐throughput searches of stable materials, spanning 1 billion candidates. In this way, the number of vertices of the global T = 0 K phase diagram is increased by 30% and find more than ≈150 000 compounds with a distance to the convex hull of stability of less than 50 meV atom−1. The discovered materials are then accessed for applications, identifying compounds with extreme values of a few properties, such as superconductivity, superhardness, and giant gap‐deformation potentials.
Response to Comment on “Vapor Lubrication for Reducing Water and Ice Adhesion on Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Brushes”: Organic Vapors Influence Water Contact Angles on Hydrophobic Surfaces
Authors: Li Shuai , Butt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFast removal of water drops from solid surfaces is important in many applications such as on solar panels in rain, in heat transfer, and for water collection. Recently, a reduction in lateral adhesion of water drops on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) brush surfaces after exposure to various organic vapors was reported. It was attributed to the physisorption of vapor and swelling of the PDMS brushes. However, it was later pointed out that a change in the interfacial energies by vapor adsorption could also have caused low drop adhesion. To find out how strongly each effect contributes, contact angles of water drops on three hydrophobic surfaces in different vapors are measured. In water‐soluble vapors, a substantial decrease is observed in contact angles. This decrease can indeed be explained by a vapor‐induced change in the interfacial tensions. The very low contact angle hysteresis on PDMS surfaces in saturated n‐hexane and toluene vapor cannot be explained by a change in interfacial tensions. The observation supports the hypothesis that these vapors adsorb into the PDMS and form a lubricating layer. It is hoped that these findings help to solve fundamental problems and contribute to applications, such as anti‐icing, heat transfer, and water collection.
Multi‐layer Architecture of Novel Sea Urchin‐like Co‐Hopeite to Boosting Overall Alkaline Water Splitting
Authors: Huang Yankai , Song Xudong , Chen Sibao , Zhang Jie , Gao Hanqing , Liao Jianjun , Ge Chengjun , Sun Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting coupled with renewable energy offers a promising avenue for energy conversion and storage, but it is also extremely suppressed by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a multi‐layer architecture strategy was utilized by the in situ growth for cobalt phosphate of Hopeite‐like phase (Co‐H) on NiCo‐layered double hydroxide (NiCo‐LDH) to prepare a self‐supported electrode (Co‐H/NiCo@NF). The Co‐H formed over the NiCo‐LDH shows a unique sea urchin‐like morphology. The Co‐H/NiCo@NF displays excellent HER and OER activity, requiring only overpotentials of 180 mV and 350 mV to deliver 100 mA cm−2, consequently, be capable to generate an appealing cell potential of 1.76 V for overall water splitting at the corresponding current density. In addition, the prepared Co‐H/NiCo@NF has long‐term stability against 500 mA cm−2 and exhibits a trend of increased activity, which may associate with the structural reconstructions to form new phases and the strong bonding between layers. These findings demonstrate that the multi‐layer architecture with fine‐component modulation is a promising strategy for the development of robust and efficient cobalt phosphate electrocatalysts, and the role of multi‐layer in the evolution of structural reconstructions deserves further investigation.
Ohmic Electron Injection into Organic Semiconductors by Solution‐Processed and Evaporated Organic Interlayers
Authors: Trieb David , Blom Paul W.M. , Wetzelaer Gert‐Jan A.H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEfficient electron injection from an electrode into an organic semiconductor remains a problem to solve for efficient organic semiconductor devices. In this work, a general method is presented to form an ohmic electron contact by inserting a thin organic interlayer between the metal electrode and the organic semiconductor. It is demonstrated that inserting an interlayer of a few nanometers of an organic semiconductor with a lower electron affinity than the transport material can improve the injected electron current by over three orders of magnitude. The electron current becomes space‐charge limited, demonstrating that the interlayer‐enhanced contact is ohmic. The ohmic‐contact formation by inserting a thin interlayer is ascribed to the elimination of barrier formation as a result of direct contact between the metal and organic semiconductor. Additionally, it is demonstrated that it is possible to achieve solution processing of such interlayers on top of organic semiconductors. The method is generalized for different interlayer materials as well as for different organic semiconductors, providing a general method for ohmic electron injection in organic devices.
Selectively Regulating Asymmetric Photopolymerization Via Competition Between Circularly Polarized UV and Visible Light
Authors: Zhang Chutian , Feng Zeyu , Xie Yifan , Li Jiahe , Zhang Hongli , Chen Xin , Zou Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCircularly polarized light (CPL) has attracted considerable interest since it can impart chiral bias into photochemical reactions and open up a novel opportunity for synthesizing chiral polymer materials. Despite numerous reports describing the chiral induction effect with single CPL, the synergistic or competitive effect between two types of CPL—i.e., circularly polarized ultraviolet light (CPUV) for triggering asymmetric polymerization while circularly polarized visible light (CPVL) only for accelerating helical chain propagation—is rarely reported. Here, this work demonstrates that the selective regulation on the asymmetric photopolymerization can be realized by the arbitrarily coupled irradiation with CPUV and CPVL, either constructively or destructively. In the former case, further chirality amplification can be achieved. Remarkably, for the latter case, the opposite handed CPVL can bias the polymer helicity during the chain propagation process and thereby overrule the helical preference inducted by CPUV. This work highlights the importance of chiral induction effect in helical chain propagation process and is highly valuable for deeper understanding of helical preference in CPL‐triggered asymmetric photopolymerization.
M2 Macrophage‐Derived sEV Regulate Pro‐Inflammatory CCR2+ Macrophage Subpopulations to Favor Post‐AMI Cardiac Repair
Authors: Li Lan , Cao Jiasong , Li Sheng , Cui Tianyi , Ni Jingyu , Zhang Han , Zhu Yan , Mao Jingyuan , Gao Xiumei , Midgley Adam C. , Zhu Meifeng , Fan Guanwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTissue‐resident cardiac macrophage subsets mediate cardiac tissue inflammation and repair after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)‐expressing macrophages have phenotypical similarities to M1‐polarized macrophages, are pro‐inflammatory, and recruit CCR2+ circulating monocytes to infarcted myocardium. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) from CCR2̶ macrophages, which phenotypically resemble M2‐polarized macrophages, promote anti‐inflammatory activity and cardiac repair. Here, the authors harvested M2 macrophage‐derived sEV (M2EV) from M2‐polarized bone‐marrow‐derived macrophages for intramyocardial injection and recapitulation of sEV‐mediated anti‐inflammatory activity in ischemic‐reperfusion (I/R) injured hearts. Rats and pigs received sham surgery; I/R without treatment; or I/R with autologous M2EV treatment. M2EV rescued cardiac function and attenuated injury markers, infarct size, and scar size. M2EV inhibited CCR2+ macrophage numbers, reduced monocyte‐derived CCR2+ macrophage recruitment to infarct sites, induced M1‐to‐M2 macrophage switching and promoted neovascularization. Analysis of M2EV microRNA content revealed abundant miR‐181b‐5p, which regulated macrophage glucose uptake, glycolysis, and mitigated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation. Functional blockade of miR‐181b‐5p is detrimental to beneficial M2EV actions and resulted in failure to inhibit CCR2+ macrophage numbers and infarct size. Taken together, this investigation showed that M2EV rescued myocardial function, improved myocardial repair, and regulated CCR2+ macrophages via miR‐181b‐5p‐dependent mechanisms, indicating an option for cell‐free therapy for AMI.
DNA‐Nanocrystal Assemblies for Environmentally Responsive and Highly Efficient Energy Harvesting and Storage
Authors: Kesama Mallikarjuna Reddy , Kim Sunghwan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNatural polymer‐based and self‐powered bioelectronic devices are attracting attention owing to an increased interest in human health monitoring and human–machine interfaces. However, obtaining both high efficiency and multifunctionality from a single natural polymer‐based bioelectronics platform is still challenging. Here, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticle‐ and carbon quantum dot (CQDs)‐incorporated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanocomposites are reported for energy harvesting, motion sensing, and charge storing. With nanomaterial‐based electrodes, the MoS2‐CQD‐DNA nanocomposite exhibits a high triboelectric open‐circuit voltage of 1.6 kV (average) and an output power density of 275 mW cm−2, which is sufficient for turning on hundred light‐emitting diodes and for a highly sensitive motion sensing. Notably, the triboelectric performance can be tuned by external stimuli (light and thermal energy). Thermal and photon energy absorptions by the nanocomposite generate additional charges, resulting in an enhanced triboelectric performance. The MoS2‐CQD‐DNA nanocomposite can also be applied as a capacitor material. Based on the obtained electronic properties, such as capacitances, dielectric constants, work functions, and bandgaps, it is possible that the charges generated by the MoS2‐CQD‐DNA triboelectric nanogenerator can be stored in the MoS2‐CQD‐DNA capacitor. A new way is presented here to expand the application area of self‐powered devices in wearable and implantable electronics.
Single‐Layered MoS2 Fabricated by Charge‐Driven Interlayer Expansion for Superior Lithium/Sodium/Potassium‐Ion‐Battery Anodes
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Han Meisheng , Zhang Yuanbo , Yuan Fu , Fu Ying , Yu Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSingle‐layered MoS2 is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to its high capacity and isotropic ion transport paths. However, the low intrinsic conductivity and easy‐agglomerated feature hamper its applications. Here, a charge‐driven interlayer expansion strategy that Co2+ replaces Mo4+ in the doping form to endow MoS2 layers with negative charges, thus inducing electrostatic repulsion, together with the insertion of gaseous groups, to drive interlayer expansion which once breaks the confinement of interlayer van der Waals force, single‐layered MoS2 is obtained and uniformly dispersed into carbon matrix arising from the transformation of carbonaceous gaseous groups under high vapor pressure, is proposed. Co atom doping helps enhance the intrinsic conductivity of single‐layered MoS2. Carbon matrix effectively prevents agglomeration of single‐layered MoS2. The doped Co atoms can be fully transformed into ultrasmall Co nanoparticles during conversion reaction, which enables strong spin‐polarized surface capacitance and thus significantly boosts ion transport and storage. Consequently, the prepared material delivers superb Li/Na/K‐ion storage performances, which are best in the reported MoS2‐based anodes. The proposed charge‐driven interlayer expansion strategy provides a novel perspective for preparing single‐layered MoS2, which shows huge potential for energy storage.
Flexible Quasi‐Solid‐State Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries: Design Principles, Functionalization Strategies, and Applications
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Li Chaowei , Liu Shizhuo , Zhang Jingchao , Zhang Daojun , Du Jimin , Zhang Qichong , Yao Yagang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) may have applications in macroscale energy storage on account of their advantages of high‐safety, cost‐effectiveness, and ecofriendliness. As a promising application, flexible quasi‐solid‐state AZIBs (FQAZIBs) can withstand mechanical deformation, and can act as favorable power supply devices for wearable electronics. As FQAZIBs are one of the most exciting and rapidly ongoing topics among aqueous batteries, it is critical yet timely to summarize the latest development in this field, providing the much‐needed guidance for the fabrication of FQAZIBs. In this review, the recent progress and rational design strategies for FQAZIBs from mechanisms, design principles, and applications are systematically presented. First, the energy storage and flexible mechanisms of FQAZIBs are illuminated in detail. Subsequently, the design philosophies of FQAZIBs are also systematically elucidated. Moreover, the latest progress and practical applications of FQAZIBs in wearable electronics are reviewed in detail according to various functions such as compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic ability, anti‐freezing ability, self‐healing ability, self‐charging properties, photodetecting function, shape memory, biodegradability, and actuated function. Finally, some applications and promising prospects in the research area of FQAZIBs are demonstrated to supply guidelines on the exploitation of their practical applications.
Mitigating poverty and undernutrition through social protection: A simulation analysis of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Bangladesh and Myanmar
Authors: Ecker Olivier , Alderman Harold , Comstock Andrew R. , Headey Derek D. , Mahrt Kristi , Pradesha Angga 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in severe income losses, but little is known about its impacts on diets and nutritional adequacy, or the effectiveness of social protection interventions in mitigating dietary and nutritional impacts. We first assess the likely impacts of COVID‐19 shocks in Bangladesh and Myanmar on poverty and food and nutrient consumption gaps. We then analyze the estimated mitigating effects of five hypothetical social protection interventions of a typical monetary value: (1) cash transfers; (2) in‐kind transfers of common rice; (3) in‐kind transfers of fortified rice enriched with multiple essential micronutrients; (4) vouchers for a diversified basket of rice and non‐staple foods; and (5) food vouchers with fortified rice instead of common rice. The simulation results suggest modest effectiveness of the cash transfers for mitigating poverty increases and little effectiveness of all five transfers for preventing increasing food and nutrient consumption gaps among the poorest 40%. Rice fortification is, however, effective at closing key micronutrient consumption gaps and could be a suitable policy instrument for averting “hidden hunger” during economic crises.
Top emergency medicine faculty development papers since 2000: A Delphi study
Authors: Luo Christine T. , Bailey Jessica A. , Yarris Lalena M. , Kornegay Joshua G. , Regner Kimberly A. , Mayersak Ryanne J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesFaculty development is essential for academic emergency physicians to maintain clinical skills and succeed in administrative and leadership roles and for career advancement and satisfaction. Faculty developers in emergency medicine (EM) may struggle to find shared resources to guide faculty development efforts in a way that builds on existing knowledge. We aimed to review the EM‐specific faculty development literature since 2000 and come to a consensus about the most useful for EM faculty developers.MethodsA database search was conducted on the topic of faculty development in EM from 2000 to 2020. After identifying relevant articles, we performed a modified Delphi process in three rounds, using a team of educators with a range of experiences with faculty development and education research, to identify articles that would be most useful to a broad audience of faculty developers.ResultsWe identified 287 potentially relevant articles on the topic of EM faculty development, 244 from the initial literature search, 42 from manual review of the references of the papers meeting inclusion criteria, and one by our study group's recommendation. Thirty‐six papers met final inclusion criteria and underwent full‐text review by our team. The Delphi process yielded six articles that were deemed most highly relevant over the three rounds. Each of these articles is described here, along with summaries and implications for faculty developers.ConclusionsWe present the most useful EM papers from the past two decades for faculty developers seeking to develop, implement, or revise faculty development interventions.
Near‐infrared Light‐accelerated Glucose Oxidase‐MoS2 Cascade Catalytic Chemodynamic Therapy in Synergistic Cationic Polymer Hydrogels to Combate Multibacterial Infection
Authors: Zhang Yu , Xiao Douxin , Dong Alideertu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven the poor antibacterial activity of hydrogels, a multimodal synergistic antibacterial hydrogel based on dopamine‐modified oxidized hyaluronic acid was developed, and its antibacterial activity and biocompatibility were demonstrated. First, dopamine‐modified oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA‐DA) was used as the hydrogel backbone. A dual‐dynamically cross‐linked injectable hydrogel was constructed by mixing OHA‐DA, Fe3+ with cationic antimicrobial peptide polylysine (EPL) via Schiff base and coordination complexation. Next, glucose oxidase‐loaded MoS2 nanosheets were synthesized through electrostatic interaction and loaded into the hydrogel through physical mixing. Finally, a multimodal synergistic antibacterial hydrogel OD/EPL/GM was obtained. Antibacterial experiments show that the hydrogel has good antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, and the antibacterial rate can reach 99.99%.
On the origin of de‐polarization in CB54
Authors: Zielinski Niko , Wolf Sebastian , Pattle Kate 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present polarimetric observations of the Bok globule CB54 in the far‐infrared via SOFIA/HAWC+ bands D (154 m) and E (214 m). We detect polarization with mean polarization degrees of 5.4 and 5.4 at 154 and 214 m, respectively. The polarization degree decreases toward the inner region of CB54, revealing a “polarization hole”. This finding can be explained by the impact of dichroic absorption counteracting the effect of polarized emission. The same effect allows us to explain the observed wavelength‐dependent orientation of the linear polarization in the dense, central region of CB54. The polarization pattern appears uniform at core scales but un‐ordered at larger scales—similar to what was found in previous studies of this object. The mean polarization angle amounts to = 62.4 44.5° and = 60.0° at 154 and 214 m, respectively.