bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standard pancreatoduodenectomy versus extended pancreatoduodenectomy with modified retroperitoneal nerve resection in patients with pancreatic head cancer: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Qing , Zheng Shangyou , Yu Xianjun , Chen Meifu , Zhou Yu , Zhou Quanbo , Hu Chonghui , Gu Jing , Xu Zhongdong , Wang Lin , Liu Yimin , Liu Qingyu , Wang Min , Li Guolin , Cheng He , Zhou Dongkai , Liu Guodong , Fu Zhiqiang , Long Yu , Li Yixiong , Wang Weilin , Qin Renyi , Li Zhihua , Chen Rufu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe extent of pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic head cancer remains controversial, and more high‐level clinical evidence is needed. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of extended pancreatoduodenectomy (EPD) with retroperitoneal nerve resection in pancreatic head cancer.MethodsThis multicenter randomized trial was performed at 6 Chinese high‐volume hospitals that enrolled patients between October 3, 2012, and September 21, 2017. Four hundred patients with stage I or II pancreatic head cancer and without specific pancreatic cancer treatments (preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiation) within three months were randomly assigned to undergo standard pancreatoduodenectomy (SPD) or EPD, with the latter followed by dissection of additional lymph nodes (LNs), nerves and soft tissues 270° on the right side surrounding the superior mesenteric artery and celiac axis. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) by intention‐to‐treat (ITT). The secondary endpoints were disease‐free survival (DFS), mortality, morbidity, and postoperative pain intensity.ResultsThe R1 rate was slightly lower with EPD (8.46%) than with SPD (12.56%). The morbidity and mortality rates were similar between the two groups. The median OS was similar in the EPD and SPD groups by ITT in the whole study cohort (23.0 vs. 20.2 months, P = 0.100), while the median DFS was superior in the EPD group (16.1 vs. 13.2 months, P = 0.031). Patients with preoperative CA19–9 < 200.0 U/mL had significantly improved OS and DFS with EPD (EPD vs. SPD, 30.8 vs. 20.9 months, P = 0.009; 23.4 vs. 13.5 months, P < 0.001). The EPD group exhibited significantly lower locoregional (16.48% vs. 35.20%, P < 0.001) and mesenteric LN recurrence rates (3.98% vs. 10.06%, P = 0.022). The EPD group exhibited less back pain 6 months postoperation than the SPD group.ConclusionsEPD for pancreatic head cancer did not significantly improve OS, but patients with EPD treatment had significantly improved DFS. In the subgroup analysis, improvements in both OS and DFS in the EPD arm were observed in patients with preoperative CA19–9 < 200.0 U/mL. EPD could be used as an effective surgical procedure for patients with pancreatic head cancer, especially those with preoperative CA19–9 < 200.0 U/mL.
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking of 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione Derivatives Containing 1,4‐Benzodioxane Skeleton as Potential FabH Inhibitors
Authors: Sun Juan , Zhang Cui‐Ping , Chen Chong‐Hao , Guo Xiao‐Meng , Liu Cai‐Shi , Zhou Yang , Hu Fu‐Liang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFatty acid biosynthesis is essential for bacterial survival. Of these promising targets, β‐ketoacyl‐acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthase III (FabH) is the most attractive target. A series of novel 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione derivatives containing 1,4‐benzodioxane skeleton targeting FabH were designed and synthesized. These compounds were determined by 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, MS and further confirmed by crystallographic diffraction study for compound 7m and 7n. Most of the compounds exhibited good inhibitory activity against bacteria by computer‐assisted screening, antibacterial activity test and E. coli FabH inhibitory activity test, wherein compounds 7e and 7q exhibited the most significant inhibitory activities. Besides, compound 7q showed the best E. coli FabH inhibitory activity (IC50=2.45 μΜ). Computational docking studies also showed that compound 7q interacts with FabH critical residues in the active site.
Diagnostic performance of angiography‐derived fractional flow reserve in patients with NSTEMI
Authors: Skalidis Ioannis , Meier David , De Bruyne Bernard , Collet Carlos , Sonck Jeroen , Mahendiran Thabo , Rotzinger David , Qanadli Salah Dine , Eeckhout Eric , Muller Olivier , Fournier Stephane 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNoninvasive methods of estimating invasively measured fractional flow reserve (FFRinvasive) are actively being explored, aiming to avoid the use of an invasive pressure wire and the administration of hyperemia‐inducing drugs. Coronary angiography‐derived FFR (FFRangio) has already demonstrated its diagnostic performance in the context of stable coronary artery disease. However, its applicability in the context of non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) has yet to be established. We sought to determine the diagnostic performance of FFRangio exclusively in patients presenting with NSTEMI. We performed a prospective, single‐center, single‐arm, double‐blinded study comparing FFR calculated by FFRangio to FFRinvasive in NSTEMI patients. FFRinvasive was measured in all angiographically intermediate lesions (30%–70% stenosis) and was then compared to FFRangio which was calculated at the same position, by a blinded operator. The primary endpoints were the sensitivity and specificity of FFRangio for predicting FFRinvasive using a cut‐off value of ≤0.80. Among 100 NSTEMI patients who were screened, 46 patients with 60 vessels in total underwent FFRinvasive and were included in the study. The mean value of FFRinvasive was 0.83 ± 0.3 with 22 (36%) being ≤0.80 while the mean FFRangio was 0.82 ± 0.1 with 22 (36%) being ≤0.80. FFRangio exhibited a sensitivity of 95.5%, a specificity of 97.4%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 96.7%. FFRangio can precisely and noninvasively estimate FFRinvasive in acute coronary syndromes and may have a role in guiding treatment decisions related to angiographically intermediate coronary lesions in this context.What is knownFFRangio has demonstrated its diagnostic performance in validation studies, as a noninvasive and cost‐effective method in the context of stable coronary artery disease but its performance has never been exclusively evaluated in NSTEMI patients.What is newThe present prospective single‐center study demonstrates the excellent diagnostic performance of FFRangio in detecting functionally significant coronary artery stenosis in the setting of NSTEMI, providing more confidence in utilizing FFRangio in this population, avoiding the risk of an invasive pressure wire and the administration of hyperemia‐inducing drugs.What is nextFuture randomized trials evaluating FFRangio‐guided treatment of coronary artery disease (stable or ACS) are now needed to definitively establish the role of FFRangio in the physiological assessment of coronary lesions.
A novel NGS‐based diagnostic algorithm for classifying multifocal lung adenocarcinomas in pN0M0 patients
Authors: Zhang Xin , Fan Xiaoxi , Sun Changbo , Wang Liang , Miao Yuan , Wang Liming , Yang Peng , Xu Yang , Ren Xue , Wu Xue , Xu Shun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe classification of multifocal lung adenocarcinomas (MLAs), including multiple primary lung adenocarcinomas (MPLAs) and intrapulmonary metastases (IPMs), has great clinical significance in staging and treatment determination. However, the application of molecular approaches in pN0M0 MLA diagnosis has not been well investigated. Here, we performed next‐generation sequencing (NGS) analysis in 45 pN0M0 MLA patients (101 lesion pairs) who were initially diagnosed as having MPLA by comprehensive histologic assessment (CHA). Five additional patients with intrathoracic metastases were used as positive controls, while 197 patients with unifocal lung adenocarcinomas (425 random lesion pairs) were used as negative controls. By utilizing a predefined NGS criterion, all IPMs in the positive control group could be accurately classified, whereas 13 lesion pairs (3.1%) in the negative control cohort were misdiagnosed as IPMs. Additionally, 14 IPM lesion pairs were diagnosed in the study group, with at least 7 misdiagnoses. We thus developed a refined algorithm, incorporating both NGS and histologic results, that could correctly diagnose all the known MPLAs and IPMs. In particular, all IPMs identified by the refined algorithm were diagnosed to be IPMs or suspected IPMs by CHA reassessment. The refined algorithm‐diagnosed MPLAs patients also had significantly better progression‐free survival than the refined algorithm‐diagnosed IPMs (p < 0.0001), which is superior to conventional NGS or CHA diagnoses. Overall, we developed an NGS‐based algorithm that could accurately distinguish IPMs from MPLAs in MLA patients. Our results demonstrate a promising clinical utility of NGS to complement traditional CHA‐based MLA diagnosis and help determine patient staging and treatment.
Understanding the Degradation Factors, Mechanism and Initiatives for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Miah Md. Helal , Rahman Md. Bulu , Nur‐E‐Alam Mohammad , Das Narottam , Soin Norhayati Binti , Hatta Sharifah Fatmadiana Wan Muhammad , Islam Mohammad Aminul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) are intriguing and viable challengers among all solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies worldwide due to their high conversion efficiency and simple manufacturing procedure. PSCs are currently thought to be very promising for the future generation of PV technology, which can make it easier to solving the rising energy demand. However, commercial mass production of PSCs is still far away due to their stability, and eco‐friendly material issues. Extrinsic degradation is one of the vital issues for PSCs and various approaches are proposed and developed by researchers towards improve the quality and the stability of perovskite and other active materials for a PSC with longer lifetime. In this article, we conduct a systematic study to identify the major intrinsic and extrinsic degradation factors, and the degradation mechanism of PSCs. We investigate the potential approaches related to improving the stability and performance of the PSCs including encapsulation, interfacial layer engineering, additive engineering, ion engineering, and fabrication techniques. We also briefly point out the recent promising approaches to improve stability and power conversion efficiency (PCE) under various harsh conditions. This review will provide a better insight into the present scenario of the PSC as well.
Early detection of liver disorders using hybrid soft computing techniques for optimal feature selection and classification
Authors: Varchagall Manjunath , Adaguru Yogegowda Prasad 
Published: December 2022

SummaryHuman liver disease is a sort of illness that starts in the ovaries and is particularly dangerous for women. As a consequence, aberrant cells develop that have the potential to spread to other parts of the body. Liver disease is a serious disorder that affects women's ovaries and is difficult to identify early on, which is why it is still one of the leading causes of mortality. The significance of unequivocal confirmation of intrinsic and typical components in establishing new frameworks to detect and eliminate danger is substantial. In this study, we present a hybrid soft computing approach for early diagnosis of liver problems (EDLD‐HS). For high and low level feature extraction models, we first employ an improved ant swarm optimization (IASO) approach. Then, for optimum feature selection, we develop a modified whale search optimization (MWSO) technique that combines features that may reflect both texture patterns and semantic backdrop scattered in the data. After that, we employed a hybrid swallow swarm intelligent‐deep neural network (HSSI‐DNN) classifier to determine the stage of liver illness. Finally, we used MATLAB R2014a to test our proposed EDLD‐HS method using well‐known benchmark datasets including BUPA, ILPD, and MPRLPD. The simulation findings are compared to existing state‐of‐the‐art methodologies in terms of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, recall, F1‐score, G‐mean, and area under curve (AUC). The detection accuracy of the proposed HSSI‐DNN classifier is 83.26% (BUPA), 84.26% (ILPD), and 91.23% (ILPD) (MPRLPD).
Basal Plane‐Activated Boron‐Doped MoS2 Nanosheets for Efficient Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Chen Xiaoyue , Lu Shucao , Wei Yanjiao , Sun Mengjie , Wang Xu , Ma Min , Tian Jian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnder the dual pressure of energy crisis and environmental pollution, ammonia (NH3) is an indispensable chemical product in the global economy. The electrocatalytic synthesis of NH3 directly from nitrogen and water using renewable electricity has become one of the most attractive and important topics. Basal plane‐activated boron‐doped MoS2 nanosheets (B−MoS2) as a non‐noble metal catalyst with excellent performance for N2 electroreduction are synthesized by a facile one‐step hydrothermal method. In 0.1 m Na2SO4 solution, MoS2 nanosheets doped with 300 mg boric acid (B−MoS2‐300) give rise to a good ammonia yield rate of 75.77 μg h−1 mg−1cat. at −0.75 V vs. RHE, and an excellent Faradaic efficiency of 40.11 % at −0.60 V vs. RHE. In addition, the B−MoS2‐300 nanosheets show good selectivity and chemical stability, and no hydrazine (N2H4) by‐product is generated during the reaction. 15N isotopic labeling confirms that nitrogen in produced ammonia originates from N2 in the electrolyte. On the one hand, the high conductivity of MoS2 guarantees guarantees a high electron transfer rate from nitrogen to ammonia; on the other hand, the successful incorporation of heteroatom B enlarges the interlayer spacing of MoS2, and the B atom can act as an active site for basal plane activation, providing more active sites for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Density functional theory calculations show that the doping of B activates the base plane of 1T‐MoS2, which makes the adsorption of N2 on the base plane easier and promotes the NRR.
Face race and sex impact visual fixation strategies for upright and inverted faces in 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children
Authors: Farrell Julia , Conte Stefania , Barry‐Anwar Ryan , Scott Lisa S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEveryday face experience tends to be biased, such that infants and young children interact more often with own‐race and female faces leading to differential processing of faces within these groups relative to others. In the present study, visual fixation strategies were recorded using eye tracking to determine the extent to which face race and sex/gender impact a key index of face processing in 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children (n = 47). Children viewed male and female upright and inverted White and Asian faces while visual fixations were recorded. Face orientation was found to have robust effects on children's visual fixations, such that children exhibited shorter first fixation and average fixation durations and a greater number of fixations for inverted compared to upright face trials. First fixations to the eye region were also greater for upright compared to inverted faces. Fewer fixations and longer duration fixations were found for trials with male compared to female faces and for upright compared to inverted unfamiliar‐race faces, but not familiar‐race faces. These findings demonstrate evidence of differential fixation strategies toward different types of faces in 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children, illustrating the importance of experience in the development of visual attention to faces.
Phenotypic senescence in a natural insect population
Authors: Pásztor Kata , Kőrösi Ádám , Gór Ádám , Szigeti Viktor , Vajna Flóra , Kis János 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSenescence seems to be universal in living organisms and plays a major role in life‐history strategies. Phenotypic senescence, the decline of body condition and/or performance with age, is a largely understudied component of senescence in natural insect populations, although it would be important to understand how and why insects age under natural conditions. We aimed (i) to investigate how body mass and thorax width change with age in a natural population of the univoltine Clouded Apollo butterfly (Parnassius mnemosyne, Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and (ii) to assess the relationship of this change with sex and wing length. We studied a population between 2014 and 2020 using mark‐recapture during the whole flight period each year. Repeated measurements of body mass and thorax width and single measurements of wing length were performed on marked individuals. We analyzed body mass and thorax width change with age (days since marking), wing length, and the date of the first capture. Both body mass and thorax width declined nonlinearly with age. Individuals appearing earlier in the flight period had significantly higher initial body mass and thorax width and their body mass declined faster than later ones. Initial body sizes of females were higher, but males' body sizes decreased slower. Initial thorax width showed higher annual variation than body mass. To our best knowledge, this is the first study that revealed phenotypic senescence in a natural butterfly population, using in vivo measurements. We found sexual differences in the rate of phenotypic senescence. Despite the annual variation of initial body sizes, the rate of senescence did not vary considerably across the years.
Biased gene expression reveals the contribution of subgenome to altitude adaptation in allopolyploid Isoetes sinensis
Authors: Wei Pei , Yu Xiao‐lei , Yang Yu‐jiao , Chen Zhu‐yifu , Zhao Shu‐qi , Li Xin‐zhong , Zhang Wen‐cai , Liu Chen‐lai , Li Xiao‐yan , Liu Xing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAllopolyploids are believed to inherit the genetic characteristics of its progenitors and exhibit stronger adaptability and vigor. The allotetraploid Isoetes sinensis was formed by the natural hybridization and polyploidization of two diploid progenitors, Isoetes taiwanensis and Isoetes yunguiensis, and was believed to have the potential to adapt to plateau environments. To explore the expression pattern of homoeologous genes and their contributions to altitude adaptation, we transplanted natural allotetraploid I. sinensis (TnTnYnYn) along the altitude gradient for a long‐term, and harvested them in summer and winter, respectively. One year after transplanting, it still lived well, even in the extreme environment of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. Then, we performed high‐throughput RNA sequencing to measure their gene expression level. A total of 7801 homoeologous genes were expressed, among which 5786 were identified as shared expression in different altitudes and seasons. We further found that altitude variations could change the subgenome bias trend of I. sinensis, but season could not. Moreover, the functions of uniquely expressed genes indicated that temperature might be an important restrictive factor during the adaptation process. Through the analysis of DEGs and uniquely expressed genes, we found that Y subgenome provided more contributions to high altitude adaptation than T subgenome. These adaptive traits to high altitude may be inherited from its plateau progenitor I. yunguiensis. Through weighted gene co‐expression network analysis, pentatricopeptide repeats gene family and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway were considered to play important roles in high‐altitude adaptation. Totally, this study will enrich our understanding of allopolyploid in environmental adaptation.
Female mating rates and their fitness consequences in the common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum
Authors: Angelakakis Apostolos , Turetzek Natascha , Tuni Cristina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMating systems, with varying female mating rates occurring with the same partner (monandry) or with multiple mates (polyandry), can have far reaching consequences for population viability and the rate of gene flow. Here, we investigate the mating rates of the common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum (Theridiidae), an emerging model for genetic studies, with yet undescribed reproductive behavior. It is hypothesized that spiders belonging to this family have low re‐mating rates. We paired females twice with the same male (monandry) or with different males (polyandry), and recorded behaviors, mating success and fitness resulting from single‐ and double‐matings, either monandrous or polyandrous. Despite the study being explorative in nature, we predict successful matings to be more frequent during first encounters, to reduce female risk of remaining unmated. For re‐mating to be adaptive, we expect higher fitness of double‐mated females, and polyandrous females to experience highest mating success and fitness if reproductive gains are achieved by mating with multiple partners. We show that the majority of the females did not mate, and those that did mated only once, not necessarily on their first encounter. The likelihood of re‐mating did not differ between monandrous and polyandrous encounters and female mating experience (mated once, twice monandrous, twice polyandrous) did not affect fitness, indicated by similar offspring production. Female twanging of the web leads to successful matings suggesting female behavioral receptivity. Cannibalism rates were low and mostly occurred pre‐copulatory. We discuss how the species ecology, with potentially high mating costs for males and limited female receptivity, may shape a mating system with low mating rates.
Sex‐specific breeding phenologies in the North American deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
Authors: McLean Bryan S. , Barve Narayani , Guralnick Robert P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEffects of global climate change on population persistence are often mediated by life‐history traits of individuals, especially the timing of somatic growth, reproductive development, and reproduction itself. These traits can vary among age groups and between the sexes, a result of differential life‐history tactics and levels of lifetime reproductive investment. Unfortunately, the trait data necessary for revealing sex‐specific breeding behaviors and use of breeding cues over reasonably large geographic areas remain sparse for most taxa. In this study, we assembled and analyzed a new reproductive trait base for the North American deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) from digitized natural history specimens and field censuses. We used the data to reconstruct sex‐specific breeding phenologies and their drivers within and among North American ecoregions. Male and female phenologies varied across the geographic range of this species, with discordance in timing and intensity being highest in regions of lower seasonality (and longer breeding seasons). Reliance on environmental variables as breeding cues also appeared to vary in a sex‐specific manner, being most similar for photoperiod and least similar for temperature (positive male response and negative female response); in addition, model validation indicated that phenological models generalized better for males than for females. Finally, our individual‐level trait data also show that male reproductive investment (quantified as relative testis size) varies across the vastly different abiotic and social (i.e., female breeding) contexts studied here. By harmonizing across a broad set of digital data resources, we demonstrate the potential to uncover drivers of phenological variation within species and inform global change predictions at multiple scales of biological organization.