bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing an adaptive paediatric intensive care unit platform trial with key stakeholders: a qualitative study
Authors: Mitchell Tracy Karen , Menzies Julie C , Ramnarayan Padmanabhan , Gould Doug William , Deja Elizabeth , Marsh Shelley , Ainsworth Jennifer , Preston Jennifer , Sedgwick Hannah , Tibbins Carly , Mouncey Paul R , Peters Mark J , Woolfall Kerry 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesPlatform trials were used successfully in adult populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. By testing multiple treatments within a single trial, platform trials can help identify the most effective treatments (and any interactions between treatments) for patients more quickly and with less burden for patients and their families. The aim of this qualitative research was to inform the design of the first adaptive platform trial for paediatric intensive care in the UK with young people, parents/carers and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) staff.DesignQualitative semistructured focus group study. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ParticipantsYoung people, parents/carers, and PICU medical, nursing and research staff.SettingThe UK.ResultsA total of 86 participants (18 young people; 15 parents/carers; 53 PICU staff) took part in 1 of 10 focus groups between May and September 2023. Participants viewed the proposed PICU platform trial and use of research without prior consent to be acceptable. Findings provide insight into how the PICU platform trial should be designed and operationalised, including having a broad and inclusive population eligible for inclusion onto the platform trial, with different inclusion and exclusion criteria for each domain; starting the trial with no more than three domains and prioritising the outcomes ofChild quality of lifeandSurvival(all participants). Optimal governance structure and suggestions about how any challenges to the success of the full trial can be overcome are also presented.ConclusionsYoung people, parents/carers and PICU staff viewed the proposed PICU platform trial to be acceptable. These key stakeholders supported us with the design of an adaptive platform trial for PICU that has a rigorous methodology, yet can be operationalised in a family-centred way, to provide high-quality evidence that can support clinical decision-making and guide the treatment of critically ill children. Our findings have informed the PICU platform trial protocol.
Post-COVID-19 conditions and health effects in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Ansah Edward W , Salu Promise Kwame , Daanko Martin S , Banaaleh David N , Amoadu Mustapha 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused global devastations in social, economic and health systems of every nation, but disproportionately of nations in Africa. In addition to its grave effects on the global systems, there is continuation or development of new symptoms among individuals who have contracted the virus, with the potential to further stress the health systems on the continent. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to collate and summarise the existing research evidence on the prevalence and health effects of post–COVID-19 conditions in Africa.Methods and analysisFive main databases were thoroughly searched from 1 September 2023 to 10 May 2024 for eligible articles based on the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. These databases included PubMed, Central, Scopus, Dimensions AI and JSTOR. A total of 17 papers were included in the review. The protocol for this review is already published in BMJ Open; doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082519.ResultsThe prevalence of post–COVID-19 conditions in Africa ranged from 2% to as high as 94.7%. Fatigue, dyspnoea and brain fog were among the commonly reported symptoms of post–COVID-19 conditions. Reduced functional status as well as physical and psychosocial disorders were the main health effects reported by the studies reviewed, but no study yet reported the effects of post–COVID-19 conditions on the health systems in Africa.ConclusionsThere is an evidence of high prevalence of post–COVID-19 conditions in the African setting. However, there is limited evidence of the health effects of the post–COVID-19 conditions on patients and health systems in Africa.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review involved analysis of secondary data; therefore, no ethical approval was needed. Dissemination of the result is being done through international journals and may also be presented at available research conferences.
Chemotherapy-induced cellular senescence promotes stemness of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma via CCR7/ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling activation
Authors: Wang Jiyu , Tao Qianshan , Huang Keke , Wang Yangyang , Hu Linhui , Ren Anwen , Wang Huiping , Wan Yang , Li Jinlan , Yi Liuying , Ruan Yanjie , Wanyan Zhixiang , Wu Fan , Zhai Zhimin , Liu Chaohong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundResistance to existing therapies is a major cause of treatment failure in patients with refractory and relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) is one of the most important mechanisms of drug resistance.MethodsThis study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze doxorubicin-induced senescent B-NHL cells. C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) expression in patients with aggressive B-NHL was assessed using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Lentiviral transfection was used to target CCR7 expression in Raji and SU-DHL-2 cells. Protein localization was visualized through immunofluorescence, while western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation were used to analyze protein expression and interactions. Cell proliferation was measured with the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and senescent cells were detected using senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. The stemness of cells was evaluated through colony and sphere formation assays. Transwell assays assessed cell migration and invasion. Finally, inhibitors GS143 and Y27632 were used to examine the effect of IKBα and ARHGAP/RhoA inhibition on B-NHL-TIS.ResultsHere we identified a distinct group of TIS, composed of memory B-cell population characterized by strong positive expression of CCR7, which was significantly elevated in TIS population compared with normal proliferating and autonomously senescent lymphoma cell populations. Additionally, CCR7 expression was significantly upregulated in patients with r/r B-NHL, and was an independent prognostic factor in B-NHL, with high CCR7 expression being strongly associated with poor prognosis. In vitro results indicated that CCL21 induced migration and invasion of B-NHL cells via CCR7, while blocking CCR7 reduced doxorubicin-induced migration and invasion of these cells. Furthermore, B-NHL-TIS regulated by CCR7 and exhibited enhanced phenotypic and functional stemness features, including the upregulation of stemness markers, increased colony-forming, invasive and migratory capabilities. Mechanistically, blocking CCR7 reversed the stemness characteristics of senescent B-NHL cells by inhibiting the activation of ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling.ConclusionsTogether, TIS promotes the stemness of B-NHL cells via CCR7/ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling activation and targeting CCR7/ARHGAP18 might overcome the chemoresistance of senescent B-NHL cells by inhibiting stemness acquisition and maintenance.
Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome abrogates cardiotoxicity of immune checkpoint blockers
Authors: Lu Yang , Gao Jiamin , Hou Yachen , Yang Han , Wang Dashuai , Zhang Ge , Qin Zhen , Du Pengchong , Wang Zhenwei , Wang Yunzhe , Chen Quanzhou , Sun Zhaowei , Li Ping , Zhang Jinying , Tang Junnan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of many malignant tumors. However, ICI-induced hyper-immune activation causes cardiotoxicity. Traditional treatments such as glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants have limited effectiveness and may even accelerate tumor growth. This study aimed to identify approaches that effectively reduce cardiotoxicity and simultaneously preserve or enhance the antitumor immunity of ICI therapy.MethodsICI injection in melanoma-bearing C57BL/6J female mice was used to simulate cardiotoxicity in patients with tumor undergoing immune therapy. MCC950 was used to block nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity. Echocardiography, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to assess cardiac function, immune cell populations, and inflammatory factor levels. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing was used to detect the changes in cardiac transcriptome and immunological network.ResultsNLRP3 inhibition reduced inflammatory response and improved cardiac function. Notably, NLRP3 inhibition also resulted in a pronounced suppression of tumor growth. Single-cell RNA sequencing elucidated that MCC950 treatment reduced the cardiac infiltration of pathogenic macrophages, cytotoxic T cells, activated T cells, and their production of inflammatory cytokines, while enhancing the presence of reparative macrophages and naive T cells. In addition, MCC950 attenuated cardiotoxicity induced by dual programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) immunotherapy and promoted tumor regression, and showed efficacy in treating established cardiotoxicity.ConclusionsOur findings provide a promising clinical approach for preventing and treating cardiotoxicity induced by ICIs, dissociating the antitumor efficacy of ICI-based therapies from their cardiotoxic side effects.
Differential impact of TIM-3 ligands on NK cell function
Authors: Wang Juncheng , Li Housaiyin , Kulkarni Aditi , Anderson Jennifer L , Upadhyay Pragati , Onyekachi Onyedikachi Victor , Arantes Lidia M R B , Banerjee Hridesh , Kane Lawrence P , Zhang Xin , Bruno Tullia C , Bao Riyue , Ferris Robert L , Vujanovic Lazar 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe transmembrane protein T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing molecule 3 (TIM-3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that is expressed by a variety of leukocyte subsets, particularly in the tumor microenvironment. An effective TIM-3-targeting therapy should account for multiple biological factors, including the disease setting, the specific cell types involved and their varying sensitivities to the four putative TIM-3 ligands (galectin-9, phosphatidylserine, high mobility group protein B1 and carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1), each of which engages a unique binding site on the receptor’s variable immunoglobulin domain. The primary objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and function of TIM-3+natural killer (NK) cells in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), determine whether the four TIM-3 ligands differentially affect TIM-3+NK cell functions, identify the most immunosuppressive ligand, and evaluate whether targeting ligand-mediated TIM-3 signaling enhances NK cell effector functions.MethodsSingle-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry were used to study the prevalence, phenotypes and function of TIM-3+NK cells in HNSCC patient tumors and blood. In vitro killing, proliferation and cytokine production assays were implemented to evaluate whether the four TIM-3 ligands differentially modulate TIM-3+NK cell functions, and whether disruption of TIM-3/ligand interaction can enhance NK cell-mediated antitumor effector mechanisms. Finally, The Cancer Genome Atlas survival analysis and digital spatial profiling were employed to study the potential impact of etiology-associated differences on patients with HNSCC outcomes.ResultsWe demonstrate that TIM-3 is highly prevalent on circulating and tumor-infiltrating NK cells. It co-expresses with CD44 and marks NK cells with heightened effector potential. Among the four putative TIM-3 ligands, galectin-9 most consistently suppresses NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and proliferation through TIM-3 and CD44 signaling, respectively, but promotes IFN-γ release in a TIM-3-dependent manner. Among patients with HNSCC, an elevated intratumoral TIM-3+NK cell gene signature associates with worse outcomes, specifically in those with human papillomavirus (HPV)+disease, potentially attributable to higher galectin-9 levels in HPV+versus HPV−patients.ConclusionsOur findings underscore the complex functional impact of TIM-3 ligand signaling, which is consistent with recent clinical trials suggesting that targeting TIM-3 alone is suboptimal as an immunotherapeutic approach for treating malignancies.
Absorption of a twisted photon by an electron in strong magnetic field
Authors: Shchepkin A. A. , Grosman D. V. , Shkarupa I. I. , Karlovets D. V. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe work investigates absorption of a twisted photon, which possesses quantized total angular momentum (TAM), by a relativistic electron with the Lorentz factor $$\displaystyle \gamma \sim 1{-}10$$

γ
∼
1
-
10

in a strong magnetic field up to the Schwinger limit, $$\displaystyle H_c = 4.4\cdot 10^{13}$$

H
c

=
4.4
·

10
13

G. We examine the absorption cross sections and their dependence on the parameters of the incident photon and the initial Landau electron. It is found that total absorption cross sections decrease as angular momentum of the incident photon increases and increase as angular momentum of the initial electron grows. The process is also compared across different magnetic field strengths, and the contribution of various electron spin transitions to total absorption cross section is analyzed. We also find that the processes without an electron spin flip dominate and, on top of that, an asymmetry in the “spin-down” $$\displaystyle \rightarrow $$

→

“spin-up” and the “spin-up” $$\displaystyle \rightarrow $$

→

“spin-down” transitions is observed. Specifically, the cross sections for the “spin-down” $$\displaystyle \rightarrow $$

→

“spin-up” transition are larger, which can be interpreted as an analogy of the Sokolov–Ternov effect present for photon emission. Finally, the cross sections are found to be almost constant as the transverse momentum of the photon varies from 0.1 eV to 100 keV. Our findings can help to improve the understanding of the QED processes in critical fields, typical for astrophysical environments, e.g. magnetospheres of neutron stars.
Innovative Dorm Allocation: Integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior to Foster Positive Student Interactions
Authors: Sun Hailong , Ma Mengdi , Tao Yujing , Tang Xiaopeng , Li Wenzhao 
Published: January 2025

This study embarks on a novel approach by integrating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) into dormitory allocation processes, aiming to address the gap in understanding the human aspects of technology-driven systems. With the proliferation of online platforms and sophisticated algorithms for dormitory allocation, there is a pressing need to consider students’ psychological factors — attitudes, social pressures, and sense of control in developing user-centered allocation models. Through an online questionnaire targeting 332 students, our investigation reveals that technological features can significantly shape student perceptions, leading to a more satisfactory allocation process. The research uncovers a positive correlation between students’ perceived value of dormitory relationships and their satisfaction with the allocation system. Furthermore, the study highlights the critical role of transparent communication in enhancing student well-being within dormitory settings. By emphasizing the necessity of prioritizing student satisfaction and incorporating TPB principles into allocation models, this research contributes theoretical and managerial insights to higher education housing. It demonstrates the applicability of TPB in understanding dormitory dynamics and the potential for predictive modeling using machine learning algorithms. This study enriches the literature on dormitory allocation systems and offers practical implications for policymakers and campus administrators aiming to foster positive dormitory cultures and improve student well-being through technology-driven solutions.
Reading the Tabernacle in Hebrews 9:6–10
Authors: Greene Judson D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While some argue the tabernacle in Hebrews 9:6–10 represents limited access to God, this article argues the tabernacle represents both the old covenant’s limitations and the new covenant’s privileges. The holy place and tamid represent the old covenant era and its sacrifices, while the holy of holies and Yom Kippur represent the new covenant and Jesus’ sacrifice. Further, Hebrews 9:8 alludes to Leviticus 16:17, which stipulates that the priests cannot perform tamid while the high priest performs Yom Kippur. Analogously, while Jesus ministers as the new covenant high priest, the old covenant sacrifices cannot be performed. In this way, the biblical author can illustrate the superiority of Jesus’s sacrifice and the end of the old covenant’s sacrifices by capitalizing on the logic of the old covenant’s sacrificial system.
Echoes of the Kingdom
Authors: Na JM (Jooman) 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study demonstrates the parallels between the use of the phrase “kingdom of God” in 1 Corinthians and in Second Temple Jewish literature. Through a literary analysis of key passages in 1 Corinthians where Paul references the kingdom of God, alongside an exegetical study of analogous passages from the Wisdom of Solomon and the Testament of Benjamin, this research identifies a shared strategy employed by Paul and the authors of Second Temple literature: using the phrase “kingdom of God” towards the conclusion of their discourses for persuasive purposes. The findings reveal Paul’s deliberate and strategic use of the phrase “kingdom of God” in the concluding/climactic part of his discourses on diverse issues, including the wisdom of speech, unrighteous behaviors, and theological misconceptions surrounding bodily resurrection. Additionally, the study highlights the potential influence of Second Temple literature on Paul’s use of the phrase, drawing literary, lexical, and thematic parallels such as wisdom, unrighteousness, and incorruptibility.
Excision as Exorcism
Authors: de Bruin Tom 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In Mark 9:43–48, Jesus suggests amputating an eye, hand or foot in response to sinfulness. This article contextualises Jesus’s sayings among ancient Jewish traditions of the body and the demonic. Several ancient Jewish texts associate demons with specific body parts. The author here argues that it is not unreasonable to propose that Jesus’s command to auto-amputate was an exorcistic suggestion. In some ancient Jewish and early Christian contexts, sinfulness was understood as a demonic force that has gained control over a specific organ, and excision would have been a viable therapeutic solution.
A metric and its derived protein network for evaluation of ortholog database inconsistency
Authors: Yang Weijie , Ji Jingsi , Fang Gang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Ortholog prediction, essential for various genomic research areas, faces growing inconsistencies amidst the expanding array of ortholog databases. The common strategy of computing consensus orthologs introduces additional arbitrariness, emphasizing the need to examine the causes of such inconsistencies and identify proteins susceptible to prediction errors.

Results
We introduce the Signal Jaccard Index (SJI), a novel metric rooted in unsupervised genome context clustering, designed to assess protein similarity. Leveraging SJI, we construct a protein network and reveal that peripheral proteins within the network are the primary contributors to inconsistencies in orthology predictions. Furthermore, we show that a protein's degree centrality in the network serves as a strong predictor of its reliability in consensus sets.

Conclusions
We present an objective, unsupervised SJI-based network encompassing all proteins, in which its topological features elucidate ortholog prediction inconsistencies. The degree centrality (DC) effectively identifies error-prone orthology assignments without relying on arbitrary parameters. Notably, DC is stable, unaffected by species selection, and well-suited for ortholog benchmarking. This approach transcends the limitations of universal thresholds, offering a robust and quantitative framework to explore protein evolution and functional relationships.
Preferences for and acceptability of long-acting HIV prevention products among pregnant and lactating women accessing health services in Kenya: a mixed method cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Ogello Vallery , Mwangi Paul , Kwena Zachary , Thuo Nicholas , Makokha Catherine , Owidi Emmah , Muteti Nelson , Kiptinness Catherine , Mugo Nelly R. , Ngure Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Increased risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and lactation among women is evident, necessitating their inclusion in the evaluation of new HIV prevention interventions. Pregnant and postpartum women specifically face challenges with oral PrEP associated with stigma, and the burden of using other tablets. Long-acting products may address challenges related to oral PrEP, however, there is limited data on product-specific preferences and acceptability among pregnant and lactating women.

Methods
We conducted a mixed-method study to assess the preferences and acceptability of long-acting PrEP modalities either under development or already established among pregnant and lactating women. We conducted quantitative surveys (n = 434) and in-depth interviews (n = 80) in central and western Kenya. We used descriptive statistics and categorical variables to summarize frequencies and proportions. Inductive and deductive content analytic approaches were used for in-depth interviews.

Results
The median age of respondents was 25 years (IQR 19.3–31.0). Majority were married (263/434, 61%), had completed high school (222/434, 51%), with no condoms use in the prior 3 months (348/434, 80%). The most preferred PrEP formulations were injectable (251/434, 57%) and implantable (175/434, 40%) options. Participants who preferred injectable PrEP had 8.56 times higher odds of considering ease of use as a reason. (aOR = 8.56, 95% CI [3.81–20.48]) and 3.71 odds of choosing perceived discreteness (aOR = 3.71, 95% CI (1.57–9.97)) as their preference reasons. Participants who preferred Implant for HIV prevention had 2.31 odds of considering it due to perceived effectiveness in preventing HIV as a preference reason (aOR = 2.31, 95% CI (1.21—4.66)) and 2.53-fold of considering discreteness as a preference reason (aOR = 2.53, 95% CI (1.46—4.59)). From the in-depth interviews, women reported prospective acceptability due to the perceived convenience of LA products, perceived effectiveness, reduced cost, improved privacy, and reduced stigma. Women had concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of the products during pregnancy and lactation.

Conclusion
Acceptability of LA products underscores the importance of considering the unique needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women in the development of future prevention interventions. Aligning preferences and needs would enhance the uptake and adherence outcomes of HIV prevention products.