bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial stiffness for the early prediction of pre‐eclampsia compared with blood pressure, uterine artery Doppler and angiogenic biomarkers: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Phan K. , Gomez Y. H. , Gorgui J. , El‐Messidi A. , Gagnon R. , Abenhaim H. A. , Rahme E. , Daskalopoulou S. S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate the ability of arterial stiffness parameters to predict pre‐eclampsia early compared with peripheral blood pressure, uterine artery Doppler and established angiogenic biomarkers.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTertiary care antenatal clinics in Montreal, Canada.PopulationWomen with singleton high‐risk pregnancies.MethodsIn the first trimester, arterial stiffness was measured by applanation tonometry, along with peripheral blood pressure and serum/plasma angiogenic biomarkers; uterine artery Doppler was measured in the second trimester. The predictive ability of different metrics was assessed through multivariate logistic regression.Main outcome measuresArterial stiffness (carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, carotid‐radial pulse wave velocity) and wave reflection (augmentation index, reflected wave start time), peripheral blood pressure, ultrasound indices of velocimetry and circulating angiogenic biomarker concentrations.ResultsIn this prospective study, among 191 high‐risk pregnant women, 14 (7.3%) developed pre‐eclampsia. A first‐trimester 1 m/s increase in carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with 64% increased odds (P < 0.05), and a 1‐millisecond increase in time to wave reflection with 11% decreased odds for pre‐eclampsia (P < 0.01). The area under the curve of arterial stiffness, blood pressure, ultrasound indices and angiogenic biomarkers was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.92), 0.71 (95% CI 0.57–0.86), 0.58 (95% CI 0.39–0.77), and 0.64 (95% CI 0.44–0.83), respectively. With a 5% false‐positive rate, blood pressure had a sensitivity of 14% for pre‐eclampsia and arterial stiffness a sensitivity of 36%.ConclusionsArterial stiffness predicted pre‐eclampsia earlier and with greater ability than blood pressure, ultrasound indices or angiogenic biomarkers.
Clinical characteristics and predictors of neonatal outcomes in chorioamnionitis at term gestation: A cohort study
Authors: Berg Patricia , Granfors Michaela , Riese Charlotta , Mantel Ängla 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between clinical and laboratory characteristics of chorioamnionitis in deliveries at term gestation with adverse neonatal outcomes.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThe study is based on data from the Swedish Pregnancy Register, enriched with clinical data extracted from medical charts.SampleA cohort of 500 term singleton deliveries in Stockholm County with registered diagnosis of chorioamnionitis (based on the assessment of the responsible obstetrician) in the Swedish Pregnancy Register between 2014 and 2020.MethodsLogistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) as a measurement of the association between clinical and laboratory characteristics and neonatal complications.Main outcome measuresNeonatal infection and asphyxia‐related complications.ResultsThe prevalence of neonatal infection and asphyxia‐related complications was 10% and 22%, respectively. First leukocyte count in the second tertile (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.02–4.49), maximum C‐reactive protein (CRP) level in the third tertile (OR 4.01, 95% Cl 1.66–9.68) and positive cervical culture (OR 2.22, 95% Cl 1.10–4.48) were associated with an increased risk of neonatal infection. Maximum level of CRP in the third tertile (OR 1.93, 95% Cl 1.09–3.41) and fetal tachycardia (OR 1.63, 95% Cl 1.01–2.65) were associated with an increased risk of asphyxia‐related complications.ConclusionsElevated inflammatory laboratory markers were associated with both neonatal infection and asphyxia‐related complications, and fetal tachycardia was associated with asphyxia‐related complications. Based on these findings, the incorporation of maternal CRP in the management of chorioamnionitis should be considered, and a continuous communication between obstetric and neonatal care extending past the delivery time point endorsed.
Private rental investment and socio‐spatial disadvantage in Sydney, Australia
Authors: van den Nouwelant Ryan , Pawson Hal , Hulse Kathleen , Reynolds Margaret , Martin Chris , Randolph Bill , Herath Shanaka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article unpacks the connection between a growing cohort of small‐scale but purposive property investors and urban socio‐spatial restructuring. We analyse private rental housing as a tenure share to demonstrate its spatial correlation with the suburbanisation of socio‐economic disadvantage in Sydney, Australia, between 1991 and 2016. Then, we show how investors drive this emerging pattern by reference to the geography of property owners’ stated investment objectives—low capital outlay, rental yields, and capital growth prospects. We contend that the link between their small‐scale activities and the city’s changing socio‐spatial structure is an overlooked consequence of private rental sector (PRS) housing financialisation. Importantly, our focus on behaviours exhibited by small‐scale rental property owners in PRS financialisation transcends existing analyses that have concentrated on corporate entity activity in this space. That focus also contrasts with framings of private rental growth as a residual outcome of developments elsewhere in the housing market. Such work is significant because it demonstrates the impacts of real estate investment on urban form.
Assessing prognostic factors correlating with response to nintedanib for connective tissue disease‐associated interstitial lung disease: A real‐world single‐center study
Authors: Kokubu Hiraku , Takeuchi Saki , Tozawa Takahisa , Hisada Satoko , Yamada Yoshihiro , Itoh Yumi , Kodera Masanari 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveFor patients with connective tissue disease‐associated interstitial lung disease (CTD‐ILD), early medical intervention would be desirable. This study analyzed the real‐world, single‐center use of nintedanib for CTD‐ILD patients.MethodsPatients with CTD who received nintedanib from January 2020 to July 2022 were enrolled. Medical records review and stratified analyses of the collected data were conducted.ResultsReduction in the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) was seen in the elderly group (>70 years; P = .210), males (P = .027), the late group who started nintedanib >80 months after confirmation of an ILD disease activity (P = .03), the severe %DLco (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide as a percentage of predicted) group (<40%; P = .20), the group who had extensive pulmonary fibrosis at the beginning of nintedanib (pulmonary fibrosis score >35%), and the low‐dose group (nintedanib 50‐100 mg/d; P = .40). %FVC did not decrease by >5% in the young group (<55 years), the early group who started nintedanib within 10 months after confirmation of an ILD disease activity, and the group whose pulmonary fibrosis score at the beginning of nintedanib was <35%.ConclusionIt is important to diagnose ILD early and start antifibrotic drugs with proper timing for cases in need. It is better to start nintedanib early, especially for patients at risk (>70 years old, male, <40% DLco, and >35% areas of pulmonary fibrosis).
Cannabis use in sub‐Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Belete Habte , Mekonen Tesfa , Espinosa Dorothy C. , Ambaw Fentie , Connor Jason , Chan Gary , Hides Leanne , Hall Wayne , Leung Janni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe most available data on the prevalence of cannabis use come from population surveys conducted in high‐income countries in North America, Oceania and Europe. Less is known about the prevalence of cannabis use in Africa. This systematic review aimed to summarize general population‐level cannabis use in sub‐Saharan Africa since 2010.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and AJOL databases in addition to Global Health Data Exchange and grey literature without language restriction. Search terms related to ‘substance’, ‘Substance‐Related Disorders’ and ‘Prevalence’ and ‘Africa South of the Sahara’ were used. Studies that reported cannabis use in the general population were selected, while studies from clinical populations and high‐risk groups were excluded. Prevalence data on cannabis use in the general population of adolescents (10–17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) in sub‐Saharan Africa were extracted.ResultsThe study included 53 studies for the quantitative meta‐analysis and included 13 239 participants. Among adolescents, the life‐time, 12‐month and 6‐month prevalence of cannabis use were 7.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.4–10.9%], 5.2% (95% CI = 1.7–10.3%) and 4.5% (95% CI = 3.3–5.8%), respectively. The corresponding life‐time, 12‐month and 6‐month prevalence of cannabis use among adults were 12.6% (95% CI = 6.1–21.2%), 2.2% (95% CI = 1.7–2.7%, with data only available from Tanzania and Uganda) and 4.7% (95% CI = 3.3–6.4%), respectively. The male‐to‐female life‐time cannabis use relative risk was 1.90 (95% CI = 1.25–2.98) among adolescents and 1.67 (CI = 0.63–4.39) among adults.ConclusionsLife‐time cannabis use prevalence in sub‐Saharan Africa appears to be approximately 12% for adults and just under 8% for adolescents.
Factors influencing in‐hospital prescribing errors: A systematic review
Authors: Mahomedradja Rashudy F. , Schinkel Michiel , Sigaloff Kim C. E. , Reumerman Michael O. , Otten René H. J. , Tichelaar Jelle , van Agtmael Michiel A. 
Published: February 2023

AimIn‐hospital prescribing errors (PEs) may result in patient harm, prolonged hospitalization and hospital (re)admission. These events are associated with pressure on healthcare services and significant healthcare costs. To develop targeted interventions to prevent or reduce in‐hospital PEs, identification and understanding of facilitating and protective factors influencing in‐hospital PEs in current daily practice is necessary, adopting a Safety‐II perspective. The aim of this systematic review was to create an overview of all factors reported in the literature, both protective and facilitating, as influencing in‐hospital PEs.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE.com and the Cochrane Library (via Wiley) were searched, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) statement, for studies that identified factors influencing in‐hospital PEs. Both qualitative and quantitative study designs were included.ResultsOverall, 19 articles (6 qualitative and 13 quantitative studies) were included and 40 unique factors influencing in‐hospital PEs were identified. These factors were categorized into five domains according to the Eindhoven classification (‘organization‐related’, ‘prescriber‐related’, ‘prescription‐related’, ‘technology‐related’ and ‘unclassified’) and visualized in an Ishikawa (Fishbone) diagram. Most of the identified factors (87.5%; n = 40) facilitated in‐hospital PEs. The most frequently identified facilitating factor (39.6%; n = 19) was ‘insufficient (drug) knowledge, prescribing skills and/or experience of prescribers’.ConclusionThe findings of this review could be used to identify points of engagement for future intervention studies and help hospitals determine how to optimize prescribing. A multifaceted intervention, targeting multiple factors might help to circumvent the complex challenge of in‐hospital PEs.
Development of literacy skills for Japanese deaf and hard‐of‐hearing children
Authors: Takahashi Noboru , Isaka Yukio , Nakamura Tomoyasu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe compared the reading development of 77 deaf and hard‐of‐hearing (DHH) Japanese children, aged 5–7 (40 females), with 139 of their hearing peers (74 females) in 2018. We assessed each group's phonological awareness (PA), grammar, vocabulary, and reading of hiragana (Japanese orthography children learn first). DHH children showed significant delays in grammar and vocabulary but only a slight delay in PA. Younger DHH children scored better than their hearing peers in reading. Although PA predicted reading for hearing children, reading predicted PA for DHH children. PA partially explained grammar skills for both groups. The results suggest educational intervention for reading acquisition should be based on not only general linguistic features but also each language's unique characteristics.
Associations between screen use, outdoor time/daylight exposure and sleep changes during the first COVID‐19 lockdown in French children from the ELFE and EPIPAGE2 birth cohorts
Authors: Kamga Fogno Alex Wilfried , Rouquette Alexandra , Gronfier Claude , Bernard Jonathan Y. , Plancoulaine Sabine ,   SAPRIS study group
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate associations between outdoor and screen time and changes in sleep patterns in children from two nationwide birth‐cohorts in the SAPRIS project.MethodsDuring the first French COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown, volunteer parents of children enrolled in the ELFE and EPIPAGE2 birth‐cohorts completed online questions about their child's outdoor time, screen time, and changes in sleep duration and quality compared with the pre‐lockdown situation. In 5700 children (aged 8–9 years, 52% boys) with available data, we assessed associations between outdoor time, screen time, and sleep changes using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for confounders.ResultsChildren spent on average 3 h08 outdoors and 4 h34 using screens/day (3 h27 for leisure, 1 h07 for class‐work). Sleep duration increased in 36% of children and decreased in 13.4%; sleep difficulties appeared/increased in 22.5% and decreased/disappeared/remained stable in 18.3%. After adjustment, increased screen time, especially for leisure, was associated with increased and decreased sleep duration (OR(95%CI) = 1.03(1.00–1.06) and OR = 1.06(1.02–1.10), respectively). No association was observed between outdoor time and sleep changes after adjustment.ConclusionsOur study adds evidence for the association between high leisure‐time screen time and shorter sleep time. It supports current screen guidelines for children, especially during leisure time and for those whose sleep duration is short.
The effect of therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage in combination with glucocorticoids on children with acute exogenous lipoid pneumonia
Authors: Yang Sen , Wu Shangzhi , Xu Jiaxing , Lin Yuneng , Huang Zhanhang , Chen Xiaowen , Xu Qingyun , Chen Dehui , Lu Chengyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundExogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is a rare disease caused by the inhalation of oily materials in the alveoli with the pathological characterization by the presence of laden‐lipid macrophages in the respiratory specimens. At present, the treatment norm for ELP has not well defined, and so the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage in combination with glucocorticoids on children with ELP.Methods and MaterialsWe retrospectively reviewed 17 children with a confirmed history of exogenous oily materials aspiration, admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2012 to December 2021. Clinical features, blood investigations, tomographic evaluations, therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage and glucocorticoids use were carried out at the beginning of therapy and throughout a follow‐up period.ResultsThe included children are the median age of 2 years. Fever, dypnea and tachypnea were the most common symptoms. The most common radiological features were airspace consolidations (15, 93.75%). Chest CT scans showed areas of consolidation with air bronchogram (15, 93.75%), poorly defined centrilobular nodules (13, 81.25%), areas of ground‐glass attenuation (11, 68.75%) and ‘crazy‐paving’ pattern (6, 37.5%) in the both lower, right middle lung lobes. Neutrophil percentage of peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exhibited a significantly higher than the normal range. After treatment with multiple bronchoalveolar lavages and local administration of budesonide during the hospital stay, taken by oral prednisolone (1 ~ 2 mg/kg) after discharge, all of children became asymptomatic and presented normal radiological imagings in the follow‐up period.ConclusionThe most frequently findings in the CT scan of ELP were consolidations and ground‐glass attenuation in the both lower and right middle lung lobes. Multiple bronchoalveolar lavages in combination with oral prednisolone for children who had a confirmed history of exogenous oily substances ingestion were an efficient and safe for the clearance of oily materials from the lung and the prevention of fibrosis. This strategy contributed to reducing the damage of ELP in children patients.
Auswirkungen chirurgischer Eingriffe auf das psychosoziale Wohlbefinden von Patienten mit Hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Scholl Lisa , Schneider‐Burrus Sylke , Fritz Björn , Sabat Robert , Bechara Falk G. 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielsetzungHidradenitis suppurativa ist eine chronisch‐entzündliche Hauterkrankung. Je nach Schweregrad ist eine Kombination aus konservativen und chirurgischen Behandlungsoptionen notwendig. Ziel dieser Auswertung war es, die Auswirkungen chirurgischer Eingriffe auf das psychosoziale Wohlbefinden der Patienten zu untersuchen.Patienten und MethodikDies ist eine prospektive, nichtinterventionelle, multizentrische Studie. Bei 481 Patienten mit Hidradenitis suppurativa wurden Anamnese, körperliche Untersuchung sowie standardisierte Befragungen, darunter die Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, der Dermatology Life Quality Index sowie der Short Form‐12 Health Survey, durchgeführt.Ergebnisse74,2% der eingeschlossenen Patienten gaben an, sich zumindest einmal einem chirurgischen Eingriff unterzogen zu haben. 92,4% davon konnten Art und Lokalisation des Eingriffs spezifizieren. Nach Bereinigung der Störfaktoren wie Schweregrad und Krankheitsaktivität unterschieden sich die Werte der patientenbezogenen Fragebögen nicht signifikant zwischen Patientengruppen mit unterschiedlichen chirurgischen Eingriffen und der Anzahl an stattgefundenen Eingriffen. Patienten ohne chirurgischen Eingriff erzielten deutlich bessere Werte.SchlussfolgerungenBei Patienten mit Hidradenitis suppurativa war ein vorheriger chirurgischer Eingriff mit schlechteren Ergebnissen in Bezug auf Angst, Depression und Lebensqualität assoziiert, was den Bedarf an psychologischer Unterstützung zeigt. Es bleibt unklar, ob die Morbidität durch chirurgische Eingriffe oder die schwerere Krankheit bei Patienten mit chirurgischen Eingriffen verantwortlich ist.
Diagnosis and surgical treatment of benign nail unit tumors
Authors: Starace Michela , Rubin Adam I. , Di Chiacchio Nilton Gioia , Pampaloni Francesca , Alessandrini Aurora , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Iorizzo Matilde 
Published: February 2023

SummaryLittle is known about benign non‐melanocytic nail tumors, probably due to their low pathogenicity. They are commonly misdiagnosed as inflammatory or infective diseases. They have various features, depending on the type of tumor and its location in the nail apparatus. The typical sign of a tumor is the presence of a mass and/or secondary nail changes from damaged nail structures. In particular, if a single digit is affected by a dystrophic sign or a symptom is reported without any explanation, the presence of a tumor should always be ruled out. Dermatoscopy helps to enhance visualization of the condition and in many cases supports the diagnosis. It may also assist in identifying the right place to biopsy, but it never replaces surgery.Most common non‐melanocytic nail tumors are analyzed in this paper, including glomus tumor, exostosis, myxoid pseudocyst, acquired fibrokeratoma, onychopapilloma, onychomatricoma, superficial acral fibromyxoma and subungual keratoacanthoma.The aim of our study is to review the main clinical and dermatoscopic characteristics of the most common benign non‐melanocytic nail tumors, to correlate them with the histopathology and to advise practitioners of the best surgical management.
Psychosocial aspects and perspectives of adult‐onset type 1 diabetes: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Due‐Christensen Mette , Bruun L. D. , Joensen L. E. , Norgaard O. , Andersen T. H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo map existing research on psychosocial aspects of adult‐onset type 1 diabetes (T1D), including psychosocial health status, ways psychosocial aspects may affect management of T1D in everyday life, and interventions targeting management of adult‐onset T1D.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycInfo. Search results were screened with predefined eligibility criteria, followed by data extraction of the included studies. Charted data were summarized in narrative and tabular form.ResultsWe included 10 reports describing nine studies from the 7302 identified in the search. All studies were conducted in Europe. Participant characteristics were missing in several studies. Five of the nine studies incorporated psychosocial aspects as the main aim of the study. Limited information on psychosocial aspects was available in the remaining studies. We identified three overarching themes related to psychosocial aspects: (1) the impact of the diagnosis on everyday life, (2) the influence of psychosocial health on metabolic levels and adaptation, and (3) provision of self‐management support.ConclusionsResearch focussing on psychosocial aspects of the adult‐onset population is scarce. Future research should involve participants across the adult life age span and from a wider geographical area. Sociodemographic information should be collected to explore different perspectives. Further exploration of suitable outcome measures considering adults' limited experience of living with the condition is needed. This would help to better understand how psychosocial aspects may affect management of T1D in everyday life and thus enable healthcare professionals to provide appropriate support to adults with new‐onset T1D.