bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Properties of the Brief Life Skills Scale for Adolescents (EHV-A)
Authors: González-Forteza Catalina , A. Patricia María del Carmen Fuentes , Cortés Eunice Ruiz , Castro Julio César Flores , Benjamin Rafael Gutiérrez , Tapia Alberto Jiménez 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: Life skills are important resources for adolescents to strengthen their psychosocial development. The objective of this study was to build and validate an instrument for assessing a number of life skills in adolescents.
Method: The Brief Life Skills Scale for Adolescents (EHV-A) was designed using psychometric tests validated for Mexican adolescents, including those items with the best psychometric values. It was administered to 4008 students. Analysis of the internal structure of the test was performed using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with oblique rotation and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to corroborate the theoretical consistency of the model. Reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha. Concurrent validity was measured with a brief version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.
Results: The EFA model generated a structure of six components that explained 67% of the variance. This structure was corroborated by the CFA. The model had adequate fit indices and the concurrent validity test of the EHV-A was acceptable and theoretically consistent.
Conclusions: The results show satisfactory psychometric properties and the convergent validity of the EHV-A, demonstrating that it is a potentially useful tool for assessing life skills in adolescents.
Influence of maternal oral microbiome on newborn oral microbiome in healthy pregnancies
Authors: Russo Monica , Calevo Maria Grazia , D’Alessandro Gloria , Tantari Matteo , Migliorati Marco , Piccardo Ilaria , Perucchin Paola Polo , Arioni Cesare 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease and its bacteria can be responsible for pregnancy complications and transmission of periodontal bacteria from mother to newborn.
PATIENTS AND METHODS A salivary swab to 60 healthy, full-term newborns and their mothers was taken immediately after birth. The test was performed with Real Time PCR method to evaluate the expression of the gene through DNA amplification. The species considered were: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp.
RESULTS The newborn oral microbiome was composed primarily by saprophytes (98.38+4.88%), just like the mothers (98.8+3.69%). There was a statistically significant difference of the total microbiological density in newborns and mothers (p=0.0001). Maternal and neonatal oral microbiome had a correlated total microbiological density only in 33.3% (N=20/60) of cases. The analysis of the oral microbiome showed a pathological composition only in 12/60 babies (20%). The most frequent detected specie in newborns was Fusobacterium nucleatum (9/12 babies, 75%), as well as for the mothers (53.3%). However, the pathogen was present both in baby and his mother only in 3 dyads. Porphyromonas gingivalis showed the highest association mother-baby (4/12 dyads, 33%). Porphyromonas gingivalis was the pathogen with the highest bacterial load in the 12 mothers. We found a statistically significant difference in the total load of Porphyromonas gingivalis in mothers and babies (p=0.02).
DISCUSSION There was a statistically significant difference in the richness of the microbiome from newborns and mothers. Even comparing the microbiological density in the oral cavity of the individual mother-child pairs, we did not find a significant concordance. These results seem to suggest a low influence of maternal oral microbiome on the richness of the oral neonatal one. We didn’t find mother-child concordance (p=0.0001) in the presence of pathogenic periodontal micro-organisms. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most frequent specie detected. Porphyromonas gingivalis instead was the bacteria with the higher possibility of transmission.
CONCLUSIONS In our study maternal oral health doesn’t affect healthy, full-term newborns’ oral microbiome. Further studies are needed to understand the maternal influence on newborn’s oral microbiome and its effects on babies long-term health.
HIV-1 infection reduces NAD capping of host cell snRNA and snoRNA
Authors: Benoni Barbora , Benoni Roberto , Trylcova Jana , Grab Katarzyna , Paces Jan , Weber Jan , Stanek David , Kowalska Joanna , Bednarova Lucie , Keckesova Zuzana , Gahurova Lenka , Cahova Hana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

NAD is a key component of cellular metabolism and also serves as an alternative 5’cap on short noncoding RNAs. The function of NAD in RNA, however, remains poorly understood. We investigated NAD capping of RNAs in HIV-1 infected cells, as HIV-1 is responsible for the depletion of the NAD/NADH cellular pool and causes intracellular pellagra. We used NAD captureSeq on HIV-1 infected/noninfected cells and revealed that four snRNAs (U1, U4ATAC, U5E, and U7) and four snoRNAs (SNORD3G, SNORD102, SNORA50A, and SNORD3B) lost their NAD cap when infected with HIV-1. Here, we provide evidence that the loss of the NAD cap increases the stability of the U1-HIV-1 pre-mRNA duplex. We also show that decreasing the amount of NAD-capped U1 snRNA by overexpressing the NAD RNA decapping enzyme DXO leads to a marked increase in HIV-1 infectivity. Moreover, an experimental increase of NAD capped RNAs improves the efficiency of splicing of HIV-1 and cellular RNAs and lowers HIV-1 infectivity. Our experiments show a potential dual role of U1 snRNA in HIV-1 infection and present the first possible function of NAD-capped RNAs in eukaryotic antiviral responses.
Bifurcations and limit cycle prediction of rotor systems with fluid-film bearings using Spectral Submanifolds
Authors: Mereles Arthur Guilherme , Alves Diogo Stuani , Cavalca Katia Lucchesi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many rotating machines utilize a fluid type bearing. Despite their reliability and high load capacity, these bearings often show instabilities due to the interaction between the fluid media and the rotating shaft. These instabilities, known as oil-whirl and oil-whip, occur due to a Hopf bifurcation; being the parameter the shaft speed. Identifying the type of bifurcation, either sub-critical or super-critical, is an important task to determine the safety of the machines near the instability speed. This work presents an approach, labeled Center Spectral Submanifold (CSSM), to obtain limit cycles near Hopf bifurcations of rotors supported on fluid-film bearings. The basis of the method is the obtention of the center manifold of the system, which allows one to assess the type of bifurcation at hand. The CSSM is based on the idea of Spectral Submanifolds (SSMs) and the parameterization method, and it's a powerful tool to analyze the bifurcation of high-dimensional rotor systems. The method is evaluated by comparing its results with an open-source numerical continuation package (MATCONT) in two systems: a simple and a realistic rotor system. The results show that the CSSM can be used reliably to learn if the rotor system presents sub- or super-critical bifurcations, to perform parametric studies with different bearing properties and also to predict the amplitude of the limit cycles.
Spectrum-optimized direct image reconstruction of super-resolution structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Li Hui , Wen Gang , Li Simin , Liang Yong , Wang Linbo , Zhang Jie , Chen Xiaohu , Jin Xin , Chen Chong , Tang Yuguo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) has become a widely used nanoscopy technique for rapid, long-term, and multi-color imaging of live cells. Precise but troublesome determination of the illumination pattern parameters is a prerequisite for Wiener-deconvolution-based SR-SIM image reconstruction. Here, we present a direct reconstruction SIM algorithm (direct-SIM) with an initial spatial-domain reconstruction followed by frequency-domain spectrum optimization. Without any prior knowledge of illumination patterns and bypassing the artifact-sensitive Wiener deconvolution procedures, resolution-doubled SR images could be reconstructed by direct-SIM free of common artifacts, even for the raw images with large pattern variance in the field of view (FOV). Direct-SIM can be applied to previously difficult scenarios such as very sparse samples, periodic samples, very small FOV imaging, and stitched large FOV imaging.
Supernova dust destruction in the magnetized turbulent ISM
Authors: Kirchschlager Florian , Mattsson Lars , Gent Frederick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) is critical to the absorption and intensity of emission profiles used widely in astronomical observations, and necessary for star and planet formation. Supernova explosions (SNe) eject dust into the ISM, but potentially destroy much larger quantities already present in the ambient ISM. A major unresolved astrophysical problem exists: theory and prior simulations of dust processing by supernovae in uniform ISM predict much greater dust destruction than is compatible with estimates of dust abundances observed in young starburst galaxies. We simulate dust processing by supernovae within more realistic simulations of ISM dynamics and consider magnetic field effects. We show that the inhomogeneity of the ISM protects dust from blast waves, reducing dust mass destroyed within 1 Myr per SNe from 70 M⊙ to ∼60 M⊙. Magnetic fields protect dust, particularly large grains, from grain-grain collisions, reducing losses to only ∼30 M⊙.
Protective strategies and motivations to control drinking among Brazilian college students: A qualitative study
Authors: Faria Marina Noto , Santos Elaine Lucas , Noto Ana Regina , Bedendo André Souza , Souza-Formigoni Maria Lucia O. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: To develop prevention programs or early interventions to reduce alcohol consumption and related problems, it is essential understand social and cultural variations in human behaviors and beliefs. This study aimed to assess Brazilian college student´s motivations to control drinking and use protective strategies, while taking into account the influence of patterns of alcohol use, social situations and settings
Methods: Qualitative individual interviews were carried out with 23 college students with diverse settings and patterns of alcohol use (AUDIT - low-risk to suggestive of dependence), using snowball sampling up to the theoretical saturation point. The NVivo software was used for the content analysis.
Results: Data analysis highlighted three main themes a) Contexts and consumption patterns (such as bars, “open bar” parties and others); b) Protective Strategies (such as stop-drinking intervals, eating before or during drinking, returning home in the company of a friend); c) Motivations in respect drinking control (such as sense of responsibility, bad previous experiences, family and religious issues). Protective strategies and motivation to control drinking were perceived to be less prominent in contexts and patterns of higher alcohol consumption.
Conclusions: Motivations and protective strategies varied according to the drinker’s profile, social situations and the settings in which they consumed alcohol. These different factors need to be considered designing of preventive programs.
Coping strategies as mediators of uncertainty and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Obispo Berta , Cruz-Castellanos Patricia , Fernández-Montes Ana , Coca-Membribes Sara , Rogado Jacobo , Antoñanzas Monica , Castillo-Trujillo Oscar A. , López-Ceballos Helena , Rodríguez-González Adan , Jiménez-Fonseca Paula , Calderon Caterina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Uncertainty surrounding entails significant psychological distress.The aims were to evaluate the incidence of psychological distress at diagnosis of advanced cancer and to analyze whether the relationship between illness uncertainty and psychological distress can be mediated by coping strategies.
Methods: A multicenter, prospective,cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 medical oncology departments in Spain. Individuals with unresectable advanced cancer completed questionnaires on uncertainty (Michel Uncertainty of Illness Scale, MUIS), coping strategies (Mental Adjustment to Cancer, M-MAC), and psychological distress (Brief Symptom Inventory, BSI) after the diagnostic and treatment appointment and before beginning systemic cancer treatment.
Results:841 patients eligible for systemic treatment with palliative intent were included between February 2020 and April 2022. A total of 71.7% had clinically significant levels of psychological distress. Univariate analyses identified that the groups with less psychological distress were male(ηp2=0.016), married (ηp2=0.006), and had better performance status (ηp2=0.007). The most widely used coping strategies were positive attitude and cognitive avoidance. A positive relationship was found between uncertainty, coping strategies,and psychological distress (p<0.05).Participants who responded with anxious preoccupation suffered more helplessness and psychological distress, while those who responded with cognitive avoidance, displayed greater positive attitude and less psychological distress.
Conclusion: Most people with unresectable advanced cancer experience psychological distress in the face of uncertainty. This psychological distress can be mitigated through coping strategies such as cognitive avoidance.
Comparision of two methods of lateral shelf acetabuloplasty in the treatment for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Authors: Li Wen Chao , Liu Li , Xu Rui Jiang , Yao Jia qi , Feng Zhi Chun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose This retrospective study compares two methods of shelf acetabuloplasty between Staheli technique and Tectoplasty technique to evaluate the efﬁcacy of different surgery in the treatment of Perthes disease in children.
Methods The study included 42 patients (35 boys and 7 girls) older than 7 years with Perthes disease was performed by shelf acetabuloplasty. There were 24 children (19 boys and 5 girls; mean months at the surgery of 80.63±10.88) performed by Staheli technique and 18 children (16 boys and 2 girls; mean months at the surgery of 81.38±15.59) performed by Tectoplasty technique. The data and radiographs of patients were retrospectively recorded and analyzed. The clinical outcomes at the final follow-up were evaluated by Stulberg classiﬁcation at the last follow-up.
Results There were no significant statistical differences in the Herring and Catterall classification before surgery and the result of Stulberg classification at the follow-up between two groups (P>0.05). The containment of femoral head in hip was improved by surgery in two groups with the increase of Sharp angle and femoral head size ratio and the decrease of subluxation ratio of femoral head (P<0.05). The Staheli technique could provide more decrease of the subluxation ratio of femoral head with 74.38%±10.29% than Tectoplasty technique with 67.31%±6.87% (P=0.011). There was no significant statistical difference in the extent of decrease in Sharp angle between Staheli group of 77.12%±7.07% and Tectoplasty group of the 74.53%±5.21% (P=0.199), and no significant statistical difference in femoral head size ratio between Staheli group of 1.12±0.08 and Tectoplasty group of 1.17±0.07 (P=0.053).
Conclusion Both of Staheli and Tectoplasty technique of lateral shelf acetabuloplasty could promote the coverage of affected hip and remodeling of femoral head in the treatment of Perthes disease. The lateral acetabuloplasty represents a containment procedure that helps to reduce subluxation of the femoral head, thereby helping to restore the biomechanical function of the hip joint. Staheli technique could provide the more decrease in the subluxation ratio of femoral head than Tectoplasty technique.
Experimental, theoretical and numerical analysis of thermal conductivity of PDMS/Carbon fiber powder composites with dense networks
Authors: He Xiaoxiang , Ou Dan , He Zhiyuan , Zhang Hehui , Chen Ying , Ma Ying , Luo Yue , Wu Shuying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A novel hot embossing process was used to construct a dense carbon fiber powder (CFP) network in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix of the PDMS/CFP composite, which was investigated experimentally. The results demonstrated that the addition of the filler and the decrease in sample thickness resulted in a significant increase in the thermal conductivity (TC) of the PDMS composites. TC of up to 19.325 W/(mK), which is as high as that of stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti), was achieved at a filler content of 60 wt% and a thickness of 0.2 mm. A mathematical model for predicting TC was established, and the filler content, compression coefficient, and interfacial thermal resistance were systematically discussed. In addition, finite element analyses were performed to predict the TC of the PDMS/CFP composites with various thicknesses and filler contents. The numerical and theoretical results were in agreement with the experimental results. Finally, the PDMS composite was tested as a heat spreader, which significantly reduced the temperature.
Deep learning-based optic disc classification is affected by optic-disc tilt
Authors: Nam YoungWoo , Kim Joonhyoung , Kim Kyunga , Park Kyung-Ah , Kang Mira , Cho Baek Hwan , Oh Sei Yeul , Kee Changwon , Han Jongchul , Lee Ga-In , Kang Min Chae , Lee Dongyoung , Choi Yeeun , Yun Hee Jee , Park Hansol , Kim Jiho , Cho Soo Jin , Chang Dong Kyung 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We aimed to determine the effect of optic disc tilt on deep learning-based optic disc classification. Image annotation was performed to label pathologic changes of the optic disc (normal, glaucomatous optic disc changes, disc swelling, and disc pallor) and note the appearance of a tilted optic disc (non-tilted versus tilted). Deep learning-based classification modeling was implemented to develop an optic-disc appearance classification. We acquired 2,507 fundus photographs from 2,236 subjects. Of the 2,507 data, 1,010 (40.3%) had tilted optic discs. The AUC of the models trained and tested using the non-tilted disc dataset was 0.988 ± 0.002, 0.991 ± 0.003, and 0.986 ± 0.003 for VGG16, VGG19, and DenseNet121, respectively. The AUC of the models trained and tested using the tilted disc dataset was 0.924 ± 0.046, 0.928 ± 0.017, and 0.935 ± 0.008. The model performance indicated by the AUC was better for non-tilted discs, regardless of the dataset used for training. In each pathologic change, non-tilted disc models showed better sensitivity than the tilted disc model. In the groups of glaucoma, disc pallor, and disc swelling, non-tilted disc models showed better specificity than the tilted disc model. We developed deep learning-based optic disc appearance classification systems using the fundus photographs of patients with and without tilted optic discs. The classification accuracy was lower in patients with the appearance of tilted discs compared to non-tilted discs, suggesting the need for identifying and adjusting for the effect of optic disc tilt on the optic disc classification algorithm in future development.
Heavy Metal Deposition and Parameter Change of Soft Contact Lenses by Exposure to Particulate Matter
Authors: Jung Won Young , Kim Jin Woo , Kim So Ra , Park Mijung 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Particulate matter (PM) is known to contain heavy metals and harmful to the human body including the eyes. As such, in this study, the deposition of heavy metals from PM on soft contact lenses was examined, and changes in the lens parameters were further investigated.
Methods: Six types of soft contact lenses were exposed to captured PM for eight hours. The central thickness, water content, refractive power, and oxygen transmissibility of each contact lens were measured after analyzation of the amounts of six heavy metals adsorbed on the contact lenses.
Results: Lead, manganese, barium, arsenic, vanadium, and cadmium were detected in the captured PM, and only lead was adsorbed on all soft contact lenses except senofilcon C. The largest absorption was 5.50% of the lead on lotrafilcon B. The oxygen transmissibility of nelfilcon A exhibited statistically significant changes, however, it was within the ISO standard tolerance. Nevertheless, changes in the central thickness, water content, and refractive power of each soft contact lens were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: This study revealed that a considerable amount of lead in PM was adsorbed on soft contact lenses, resulting in statistically significant changes of oxygen transmissibility. Thus, wearing soft contact lenses under high PM concentration might affect the physiology of the eyes.
The Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rectal Perfusion: Performance for Prediction of Lymphovascular Invasion in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Zhou Mi , Fan Yingying , Wu Ling , Huang Hongyun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to determine whether the dual-parameter approach combined with either time-resolved angiography with stochastic trajectories (TWIST) or golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has superior diagnostic performance in predicting pathological lymphovascular invasion (pLVI) rectal cancer when compared with traditional single-parameter evaluations using DWI alone.
Materials and Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer were enrolled. Perfusion (influx forward volume transfer constant [Ktrans] and rate constant [Kep]) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured by two researchers. For both sequences, areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROCs) to predict pLVI-positive rectal cancer were compared.
Results: A total of 179 patients were enrolled in our study. A combined analysis of ADC and perfusion parameters (Ktrans) acquired with GRASP yielded a higher diagnostic performance compared with diffusion parameters alone (area under the curve, 0.91±0.03 vs. 0.71±0.06, P<0.001); However, ADC with GRASP-acquired Kep and ADC with TWIST-acquired perfusion parameters (Ktrans or Kep) did not offer any additional benefit.
Conclusion: The Ktrans of the GRASP technique improved the diagnostic performance of multiparametric MRI to predict rectal cancers with pLVI-positive. In contrast, TWIST did not achieve this effect.