bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced order homogenization of thermoelastic materials with strong temperature dependence and comparison to a machine-learned model
Authors: Sharba Shadi , Herb Julius , Fritzen Felix 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, an approach for strongly temperature-dependent thermoelastic homogenization is presented. It is based on computational homogenization paired with reduced order models (ROMs) that allow for full temperature dependence of material parameters in all phases. In order to keep the model accurate and computationally efficient at the same time, we suggest the use of different ROMs at few discrete temperatures. Then, for intermediate temperatures, we derive an energy optimal basis emerging from the available ones. The resulting reduced homogenization problem can be solved in real time. Unlike classical homogenization where only the effective behavior, i.e., the effective stiffness and the effective thermal expansion, of the microscopic reference volume element are of interest, our ROM delivers also accurate full-field reconstructions of all mechanical fields within the microstructure. We show that the proposed method referred to as optimal field interpolation is computationally as efficient as simplistic linear interpolation. However, our method yields an accuracy that matches direct numerical simulation in many cases, i.e., very accurate real-time predictions are achieved. Additionally, we propose a greedy sampling procedure yielding a minimal number of direct numerical simulations as inputs (two to six discrete temperatures are used over a range of around 1000 K). Further, we pick up a black box machine-learned model as an alternative route and show its limitations in view of the limited amount of training data. Using our new method to generate an abundance of data, we demonstrate that a highly accurate tabular interpolator can be gained easily.
“If only I had”, patients’ experiences during early oncology trials
Authors: van Sasse van IJsselt Maaike E. A. , van der Biessen Diane A. J. , van Puffelen Andrea J. , Robbrecht Debbie G. J. , Oldenmenger Wendy H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose

Until today, it is not clear why patients decide to continue with early clinical trial (ECT) participation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore to which extent the self-determination theory of Ryan and Deci, according to the ECT enrollment phase, corresponds to the motivations of participants during ECT’s.

Methods
This study has a qualitative design. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and were deductively analyzed in Nvivo12 using the thematic analysis approach of Braun and Clarke.

Results
As a result of the deductive analysis performed, six themes and twenty subthemes emerged which matched the three personal needs: competence, relatedness, and autonomy (n = 11). “Competence” included the following themes: mixed future expectations, treatment expectations, and control of the outcome. “Relatedness” included the theme altruistic motivation. “Autonomy” included the themes; to live and act in harmony as well as mental and physical burden.

Conclusion
Participants felt they tried everything and that they were treated to the limit. This not only gives the motivation to continue participating but also a sense of altruism. Despite different burdens, side-effects, and the feeling of being a test subject, the participants will not easily choose to stop participation in order to prevent saying afterwards: “If only I had”.
Evolution driven by the infinity fractional Laplacian
Authors: del Teso Félix , Endal Jørgen , Jakobsen Espen R. , Vázquez Juan Luis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe consider the evolution problem associated to the infinity fractional Laplacian introduced by Bjorland et al. (Adv Math 230(4–6):1859–1894, 2012) as the infinitesimal generator of a non-Brownian tug-of-war game. We first construct a class of viscosity solutions of the initial-value problem for bounded and uniformly continuous data. An important result is the equivalence of the nonlinear operator in higher dimensions with the one-dimensional fractional Laplacian when it is applied to radially symmetric and monotone functions. Thanks to this and a comparison theorem between classical and viscosity solutions, we are able to establish a global Harnack inequality that, in particular, explains the long-time behavior of the solutions.
Stochastic homogenization of degenerate integral functionals with linear growth
Authors: Ruf Matthias , Zeppieri Caterina Ida 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study the limit behaviour of sequences of non-convex, vectorial, random integral functionals, defined on$$W^{1,1}$$W1,1, whose integrands are ergodic and satisfy degenerate linear growth conditions. The latter involve suitable random, scale-dependent weight-functions. Under minimal assumptions on the integrand and on the weight-functions, we show that the sequence of functionals homogenizes to a non-degenerate deterministic functional defined onBV.
Versorgung des rupturierten abdominellen Aortenaneurysmas (AAA) 2020/2021
Authors: Schmitz-Rixen Thomas , Löffler Ann-Kathrin , Steinbauer Markus , Grundmann Reinhart T. 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung
Die Daten für die Jahre 2020 und 2021 des Registers des Deutschen Instituts für Gefäßmedizinische Gesundheitsforschung (DIGG) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie und Gefäßmedizin zur Versorgung der rupturierten abdominellen Aortenaneurysmen (rAAA) werden vorgestellt.

Methodik
Die Versorgung eines rAAA meldeten im Jahr 2020 58 von 148 (38,5 %) und im Jahr 2021 57 von 156 (36,5 %) der am Register teilnehmenden Kliniken. Zur Auswertung kamen die Daten von insgesamt 574 Patienten mit rAAA.

Ergebnisse
231 (40,2 %) Patienten wurden mit EVAR und 343 (59,8 %) mit OR versorgt. Patienten mit gedeckter Ruptur machten bei EVAR 91,1 % (204/224) aus, bei OR waren es 75,2 % (255/339) (p < 0,001). Umgekehrt betrug der Anteil der Patienten mit freier Ruptur bei EVAR 8,9 %, bei OR 24,8 %. Die Klinikletalität machte bei EVAR 19,0 % (44/231), bei OR 32,1 % (110/343) aus (p < 0,001). Für die gedeckte Ruptur betrug sie bei EVAR 14,7 % (30/204), bei OR 27,8 % (71/255) (p < 0,001). Bei freier Ruptur ergab sich bei EVAR eine Klinikletalität von 65 % (13/20), bei OR von 45,2 % (38/84) (p = 0,027). Die Klinikletalität war vom Alter der Patienten abhängig, Patienten über 80 Jahre wiesen bei EVAR eine Klinikletalität von 27,8 % (20/72), bei OR von 60 % (39/65) auf (p < 0,001). Die Klinikletalität betrug bei den Frauen bei EVAR 21,4 % (9/42) vs. 48,5 % (33/68) bei OR (p = 0,030). Bei den Männern waren es 18,5 % (35/189) bei EVAR vs. 28,0 % (77/275) bei OR (p = 0,018). Krankenhausaufenthaltsdauer und Verweildauer auf der Intensivstation waren bei EVAR signifikant kürzer als bei OR.

Schlussfolgerung
Patienten mit endovaskulärer und offener Versorgung eines rAAA waren nicht ganz vergleichbar, der Anteil an Patienten mit freier Ruptur war bei OR signifikant höher und der Aneurysmadurchmesser tendenziell größer. Nichtsdestoweniger bestätigen die Ergebnisse der Jahre 2020/2021 die Aussagen der Leitlinien, nach denen, wenn technisch machbar, beim rAAA das endovaskuläre Vorgehen dem offenen vorzuziehen ist.
Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized with Cystoseira algae extracts
Authors: Fernandes Mário , González-Ballesteros Noelia , da Costa André , Machado Raúl , Gomes Andreia C. , Rodríguez-Argüelles Maria Carmen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is an ever-growing global concern to public health with no clear or immediate solution. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have long been proposed as efficient agents to fight the growing number of antibiotic-resistant strains. However, the synthesis of these particles is often linked to high costs and the use of toxic, hazardous chemicals, with environmental and health impact. In this study, we successfully produced AgNPs by green synthesis with the aid of the extract of two brown algae—Cystoseira baccata (CB) and Cystoseira tamariscifolia (CT)—and characterized their physico-chemical properties. The NPs produced in both cases (Ag@CB and Ag@CT) present similar sizes, with mean diameters of around 22 nm. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and the NPs was evaluated, with the extracts showing important antioxidant activity. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties of both Ag@CB and Ag@CT were tested and compared with gold NPs produced in the same algae extracts as previously reported. AgNPs demonstrated the strongest bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties, at concentrations as low as 2.16 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Finally, the capacity of these samples to prevent the formation of biofilms characteristic of infections with a poorer outcome was assessed, obtaining similar results. This work points towards an alternative for the treatment of bacterial infections, even biofilm-inducing, with the possibility of minimizing the risk of drug resistance, albeit the necessary caution implied using metallic NPs.
Graphical abstract
Scoping review: longitudinal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on child and adolescent mental health
Authors: Wolf Kristin , Schmitz Julian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and associated containment measures have massively changed the daily lives of billions of children and adolescents worldwide. To investigate the global longitudinal effects on various mental health outcomes over a period of 1.5 years, we conducted a scoping review in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We included the peer-reviewed articles from PubMed, Web of Science, and APA PsycInfo that were published between December 2019 and December 2021, followed a longitudinal or repeated cross-sectional design, and quantitatively assessed with clinical questionnaires the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic or a related stressor on mental health indicators in community samples of children and adolescents.The results of our qualitative analysis of 69 studies indicate a general trend of less psychological well-being and more mental health problems, such as heightened stress, and depressive and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic. Data suggest that both protection measure intensity and infection dynamics were positively associated with severity of the psychopathology. The most reported influencing factors were age, gender, socio-economic status, previous state of mental and physical health, self-regulation abilities, parental mental health, parenting quality, family functioning, social support, isolation and loneliness, health-related worries, and consistent routines and structure. Our results demonstrate that children and adolescents worldwide have experienced more mental health problems due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They call for improved access to child and adolescent mental health care and prioritisation of child and adolescent welfare in political decision making.
Research priorities for the sustainability of coral-rich western Pacific seascapes
Authors: Cumming Graeme S. , Adamska Maja , Barnes Michele L. , Barnett Jon , Bellwood David R. , Cinner Joshua E. , Cohen Philippa J. , Donelson Jennifer M. , Fabricius Katharina , Grafton R. Quentin , Grech Alana , Gurney Georgina G. , Hoegh-Guldberg Ove , Hoey Andrew S. , Hoogenboom Mia O. , Lau Jacqueline , Lovelock Catherine E. , Lowe Ryan , Miller David J. , Morrison Tiffany H. , Mumby Peter J. , Nakata Martin , Pandolfi John M. , Peterson Garry D. , Pratchett Morgan S. , Ravasi Timothy , Riginos Cynthia , Rummer Jodie L. , Schaffelke Britta , Wernberg Thomas , Wilson Shaun K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNearly a billion people depend on tropical seascapes. The need to ensure sustainable use of these vital areas is recognised, as one of 17 policy commitments made by world leaders, in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 (‘Life below Water’) of the United Nations. SDG 14 seeks to secure marine sustainability by 2030. In a time of increasing social-ecological unpredictability and risk, scientists and policymakers working towards SDG 14 in the Asia–Pacific region need to know: (1) How are seascapes changing? (2) What can global society do about these changes? and (3) How can science and society together achieve sustainable seascape futures? Through a horizon scan, we identified nine emerging research priorities that clarify potential research contributions to marine sustainability in locations with high coral reef abundance. They include research on seascape geological and biological evolution and adaptation; elucidating drivers and mechanisms of change; understanding how seascape functions and services are produced, and how people depend on them; costs, benefits, and trade-offs to people in changing seascapes; improving seascape technologies and practices; learning to govern and manage seascapes for all; sustainable use, justice, and human well-being; bridging communities and epistemologies for innovative, equitable, and scale-crossing solutions; and informing resilient seascape futures through modelling and synthesis. Researchers can contribute to the sustainability of tropical seascapes by co-developing transdisciplinary understandings of people and ecosystems, emphasising the importance of equity and justice, and improving knowledge of key cross-scale and cross-level processes, feedbacks, and thresholds.
Evaluating the efficacy of Nd:YAG fourth harmonic (266 nm) in comparison with ArF excimer (193 nm) in laser corneal reshaping: ex vivo pilot study
Authors: Abdelhalim Ibrahim , Hamdy Omnia , Khattab Mohamed A. , Abdelkawi Salwa , Hassab Elnaby Salah , Hassan Aziza Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Laser corneal reshaping is a common eye surgery utilized to overcome many vision disorders. Different UV laser wavelengths can be effective in the treatment. However, the ArF excimer laser (193 nm) is the most commonly used due to its high absorption in the cornea. In the current study, we investigate the efficacy of applying a solid-state laser (Nd:YAG fourth harmonic at 266 nm) for the corneal reshaping procedure.

Methods
The utilized laser is generated using an optical setup based on a BBO nonlinear crystal which converts the Q-switched laser (532 nm) to its fourth harmonic (266 nm). Different pulse energies were applied with the same number of the shoots on ex vivo rabbit corneas, and the histological effect is studied. Moreover, the possible thermal damage on the treated corneal tissues was inspected via electron microscope. Additionally, the DNA damage on the corneal cells due to the application of the proposed laser was examined and compared with the existing technology (ArF Excimer laser at 193 nm) using the comet assay.

Results
The histological examination revealed an appropriate ablation result with the minimum thermal effect at 1.5 mJ and 2.0 mJ. The overall results show that applying 50-shoots of the 1.5-mJ pulse energy using the proposed 266-nm solid-state laser produces the optimum ablation effect with the minimum thermal damage, and almost the same DNA damage occurred using the commercial 193-nm ArF excimer laser.

Conclusion
Solid-state laser at 266 nm could be a good alternative to the common 193-nm excimer laser for corneal reshaping procedures.
Hierarchical Real-Time Optimal Planning of Collision-Free Trajectories of Collaborative Robots
Authors: Lukáš Dalibor , Kot Tomáš 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn collaborative robotics the manipulator trajectory has to be planned to avoid collisions, yet in real-time. In this paper we pose the problem as minimization of a quadratic functional among piecewise linear trajectories in the angular (joint) space. The minimization is subjected to novel nonlinear inequality constraints that simplify the original non-penetration constraints to become cheap to evaluate in real time while still preserving collision-avoidance. The very first and most critical step of the computation is to find an initial trajectory that is free of collisions. To that goal we minimize a weighted sum of the violated constraints until they become feasible or a maximal number of steps is reached. Sometimes an incremental growing of the obstacle helps. By incremental growing we mean that we sequentially solve auxiliary subproblems with obstacles growing from ground or falling from top and use as the initial trajectory the one optimized in the previous step. The initial trajectory is then optimized while preserving feasibility at each step. We solve a sequence of simple-bound constrained quadratic programming problems formulated in the dual space of Lagrange multipliers, which are related to the original linearized inequality constraints that are active or close-to-active. Finally, we refine the trajectory parameterization and repeat the optimization, which we refer to as an hierarchical approach, until an overall prescribed time limit, being well below a second, is reached.
3-D and 2-D reconstruction of bladders for the assessment of inter-session detection of tissue changes: a proof of concept
Authors: Groenhuis Vincent , de Groot Antonius G. , Cornel Erik B. , Stramigioli Stefano , Siepel Françoise J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Abnormalities in the bladder wall require careful investigation regarding type, spatial position and invasiveness. Construction of a 3-D model of the bladder is helpful to ensure adequate coverage of the scanning procedure, quantitative comparison of bladder wall textures between successive sessions and finding back previously discovered abnormalities.

Methods
Videos of both an in vivo bladder and a textured bladder phantom were acquired. Structure-from-motion and bundle adjustment algorithms were used to construct a 3-D point cloud, approximate it by a surface mesh, texture it with the back-projected camera frames and draw the corresponding 2-D atlas. Reconstructions of successive sessions were compared; those of the bladder phantom were co-registered, transformed using 3-D thin plate splines and post-processed to highlight significant changes in texture.

Results
The reconstruction algorithms of the presented workflow were able to construct 3-D models and corresponding 2-D atlas of both the in vivo bladder and the bladder phantom. For the in vivo bladder the portion of the reconstructed surface area was 58% and 79% for the pre- and post-operative scan, respectively. For the bladder phantom the full surface was reconstructed and the mean reprojection error was 0.081 mm (range 0–0.79 mm). In inter-session comparison the changes in texture were correctly indicated for all six locations.

Conclusion
The proposed proof of concept was able to perform 3-D and 2-D reconstruction of an in vivo bladder wall based on a set of monocular images. In a phantom study the computer vision algorithms were also effective in co-registering reconstructions of successive sessions and highlighting texture changes between sessions. These techniques may be useful for detecting, monitoring and revisiting suspicious lesions.
The association between weather warnings and hip fractures in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Stanley Ciarán , Lennon David , Moriarty Frank , Sheridan Gerard A. , Nagle Matthew , Foley Alexandra , Moran Conor , Donnelly Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Summary

This study examined the relationship between hip fractures and weather warnings with the hypothesis higher rates of fractures occur during warnings. National hip fracture database and weather warning records were utilised. Higher rates of hip fractures were found with severe warnings. This has implications for planning in future severe warnings.

Background
Hip fractures represent a significant burden on the Irish Health system with 3666 in 2020. The Irish National Meteorological Service operates a colour coded warning system. Yellow being least severe, while orange represents weather with capacity to impact individuals in affected areas and red represents advice to protect themselves and property. Previous studies investigated the seasonality of hip fractures, which remains but none have investigated the relationship between weather warnings and rates of hip fractures. The hypothesis was that increasing weather warnings would be associated with increased hip fractures. The aim was to investigate the relationship between weather warnings and hip fractures in the Republic of Ireland.

Methods
Comparison of national weather warning archives from 2013 to 2019 to Fracture Database records. Reviews assessed whether fractures occurred on days a weather warning was in place in the individual’s local county. A statistical analysis of warning features and their relationship to hip fractures was then performed. Fractures and weather warnings were stratified by county with both a panel and case crossover analysis performed.

Results
There was a tendency towards increased incidence of hip fractures with weather warnings in adjusted analysis (IRR 1.02; 95%CI 0.99–1.06; p-value 0.123). Orange warnings were associated with a statistically higher incidence of fractures (IRR 1.06; 1.01–1.12; p-value 0.026). In both panel and case crossover analysis, both orange and yellow warnings were associated with fractures. Red warnings were associated with a lower incidence of fracture on day of warning (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.92; 0.70–1.22; p-value 0.569) but a higher incidence on the following day (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.14; 0.88–1.46; p-value 0.313).

Conclusion
An increased incidence of hip fractures appears to occur during weather warnings. Consideration should be given when preparing for periods of extreme weather, ensuring sufficiently resources.
Remote Follow-up with a Mobile Application Is Equal to Traditional Outpatient Follow-up After Bariatric Surgery: the BELLA Pilot Trial
Authors: Yang Cui , Kessler Mia , Taebi Niki , Hetjens Michael , Reissfelder Christoph , Otto Mirko , Vassilev Georgi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Medical follow-up after bariatric surgery is recommended. However, the compliance was poor. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a smartphone-based fully remote follow-up (FU) program for patients after bariatric surgery.

Methods
In the interventional group, patients were followed up using a smartphone application (app), through which questionnaires were sent regularly. Participants in the control group underwent standard FU at the outpatient clinic every three months. After 12 months, all the participants were evaluated at an outpatient clinic.

Results
Between August 2020 and March 2021, 44 and 43 patients in the interventional and control groups, respectively, were included in the analysis after three patients were lost to FU, and three withdrew their informed consent because they wished for more personal contact with medical caregivers. After 12 months, total weight loss (TWL), %TWL, and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) did not differ between groups. There were no significant differences in the complication rates, including surgical complications, malnutrition, and micronutrition deficiency. The parameters of bioelectrical impedance analysis and quality of life did not differ between the groups. Vitamins and minerals in serum were similar in both groups except for calcium, which was significantly higher in the interventional group (2.52 mmol/L vs. 2.35 mmol/L, p = 0.038).

Conclusion
Fully remote FU with a smartphone application is at least as effective as traditional in-person FU in an outpatient clinic after bariatric surgery. Through remote FU, patients can save time and medical professionals may have more resources for patients with more severe problems.

Graphical Abstract