bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood maltreatment and homicidal ideation among Chinese early adolescents: The serial mediating role of borderline personality features and aggression
Authors: Li Yonghan , Huang Xiaoman , Yuan Mengyuan , Chang Junjie , Zhang Tingting , Wang Gengfu , Su Puyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA large body of evidence linked childhood maltreatment (CM) to juvenile violence and delinquent behavior. However, little is known about the association between CM and homicidal ideation in early adolescents. This study aimed to examine that relationship and to explore the serial mediating role of borderline personality features (BPF) and aggression in that relationship in a large sample of early adolescents. A total of 5724 early adolescents (mean age: 13.5 years) were recruited from three middle schools in Anhui Province, China. The participants were invited to complete self‐report questionnaires regarding their history of CM, BPF, aggression, and homicidal ideation. Mediation analyses were evaluated using structural equation modeling. A total of 669 participants (11.7%) reported homicidal ideation in the past 6 months. CM victimization was positively associated with homicidal ideation after adjusting for covariates. Furthermore, the serial mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of CM on homicidal ideation through BPF and subsequent aggression. Exposure to maltreatment in childhood is likely to manifest BPF and subsequently higher levels of aggression, which in turn are related to increased homicidal ideation. These findings suggest the need for early intervention for BPF and aggression in early adolescents exposed to CM to prevent the development of homicidal ideation.
Genetic spectrum and clinical features of adult leukoencephalopathies in a Chinese cohort
Authors: Liu Minglei , Wang Yangyang , Shi Changhe , Yuan Yanpeng , Li Lanjun , Zhang Xiaoyun , Xu Yuming , Yang Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveLeukoencephalopathies are a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by the degeneration of white matter, resulting in a variety of progressive neurological symptoms. To date, over 60 genes linked to genetic leukoencephalopathies have been discovered through whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and long‐read sequencing. Nonetheless, the genetic diversity and clinical variability of these disorders among various racial groups remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the genetic spectrum and clinical features of Chinese adult leukoencephalopathies and compare the genetic profiles in different populations.MethodsA total of 129 patients suspected of possible genetic leukoencephalopathy were enrolled and underwent WES and dynamic mutation analysis. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the pathogenicity of these mutations. Skin biopsies were conducted for further diagnosis. Genetic data sources from different populations were collected from published articles.ResultsGenetic diagnosis was established in 48.1% of patients, with WES identifying 57 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 39.5% of cases. NOTCH3 and NOTCH2NLC were the most common mutated genes, accounting for 12.4% and 8.5% of cases, respectively. Dynamic mutation analysis revealed NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansions in 8.5% of patients. Different mutations resulted in varying clinical symptoms and imaging findings. Comparisons of genetic profiles between different populations showed distinct mutational spectrums in adult leukoencephalopathies.InterpretationThis study highlights the importance of genetic testing for accurate diagnosis and improved clinical management of these disorders. It also sheds light on the genetic heterogeneity of adult leukoencephalopathies across different races, emphasizing the need for further research on this topic.
Police trainees versus laypeople: Identification performance and confidence–accuracy relationship for facial and body lineups
Authors: Tupper Nina , Geisendörfer Anna K. , Lorei Clemens , Sporer Siegfried L. , Tredoux Colin G. , Sauerland Melanie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCourt instructions and public perception endorse that eyewitness evidence provided by police should weight more heavily than laypeople's in court. Evidence is inconsistent. The current experiment provides a nuanced analysis of identification performance of police and laypeople at different levels of confidence. Laypeople and advanced police trainees (N = 192) viewed portrait, profile, and body‐only lineups for central and peripheral targets. Police trainees displayed higher hit and correct rejection rates than laypeople for portrait lineups, and higher correct rejection rates in profile lineups for central targets. Calibration was similar for both groups, although police trainees had an advantage at low target presence base rates. Calibration was best for central targets' portrait and profile lineups. Participants displayed poor calibration and strong overconfidence for body‐only lineups and peripheral target lineups. We conclude that experience and specialization of police might be important when investigating a possible superiority of police who serve as eyewitness.
Mechanistic Computational Modeling of Implantable, Bioresorbable Drug Release Systems
Authors: Giolando Patrick A. , Hopkins Kelsey , Davis Barrett F. , Vike Nicole , Ahmadzadegan Adib , Ardekani Arezoo M. , Vlachos Pavlos P. , Rispoli Joseph V. , Solorio Luis , Kinzer‐Ursem Tamara L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImplantable, bioresorbable drug delivery systems offer an alternative to current drug administration techniques; allowing for patient‐tailored drug dosage, while also increasing patient compliance. Mechanistic mathematical modeling allows for the acceleration of the design of the release systems, and for prediction of physical anomalies that are not intuitive and may otherwise elude discovery. This study investigates short‐term drug release as a function of water‐mediated polymer phase inversion into a solid depot within hours to days, as well as long‐term hydrolysis‐mediated degradation and erosion of the implant over the next few weeks. Finite difference methods are used to model spatial and temporal changes in polymer phase inversion, solidification, and hydrolysis. Modeling reveals the impact of non‐uniform drug distribution, production and transport of H+ ions, and localized polymer degradation on the diffusion of water, drug, and hydrolyzed polymer byproducts. Compared to experimental data, the computational model accurately predicts the drug release during the solidification of implants over days and drug release profiles over weeks from microspheres and implants. This work offers new insight into the impact of various parameters on drug release profiles, and is a new tool to accelerate the design process for release systems to meet a patient specific clinical need.
The Construction of a Microbial Synthesis System for Rare Earth Enrichment and Material Applications
Authors: Cui Huijing , Zhang Xin , Chen Jing , Qian Xining , Zhong Yuewen , Ma Chao , Zhang Hongjie , Liu Kai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRare earth materials play an irreplaceable role in biomedical and high technology fields. However, typical mining and extraction approaches to rare earth elements (REEs) often lead to severe environmental problems and resource wastage due to the involvement of hazardous chemicals. Although biomining shows elegant alternatives, there are still grand challenges to sustainably isolate and recover REEs in nature because of insufficient metal‐extracting microbes and RE‐scavenging macromolecular tools. To obtain high‐performance rare earth materials directly from rare earth ore, a new generation of biological synthesis strategies needs to be developed for the efficient preparation of REEs. The microbial synthesis system established here has achieved active biomanufacturing of high‐purity rare earth products. Further, through employing robust affinity columns bioconjugated with structurally engineered proteins, outstanding separation of Eu/Lu and Dy/La is acquired with the purity of 99.9% (Eu), 97.1% (La), and 92.7% (Dy). More importantly, in situ one‐pot synthesis of lanthanide‐dependent methanol dehydrogenase is well harnessed and exclusively adsorbs La, Ce, Pr, and Nd in RE tailing for advanced biocatalysis, indicating high value‐added application. Therefore, this novel biosynthetic platform provides an insightful roadmap to expand the scope of chassis engineering in terms of biofoundry and to manufacture valuable bioproducts related to REEs.
Co‐Targeting c‐Myc and Bcl‐2 by Oral Small Molecule Combination of WBC100 and Venetoclax Effectively Controls Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Preclinical Models
Authors: Wang Ping , Li Mengyuan , Zheng Shuwen , Zhuang Haifeng , Zhou Hong , Gong Qinyuan , Wu Zhaoxing , Zhang Xuzhao , Xu Rongzhen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUncontrolled proliferation and apoptosis evasion are two hallmarks of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, it is demonstrated that the double over‐expresser of oncoprotein c‐Myc and anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2 is a critical “genetic overdrive” of proliferation and apoptosis evasion in AML and is associated with poor genetic alterations. Double‐knockdown of c‐Myc/ Bcl‐2 synergistically kills AML cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, a novel oral small molecule combination co‐targeting c‐Myc and Bcl‐2 with WBC100 and Venetoclax (VEN) at low doses are developed. Importantly, the study shows that this combination results in deep and durable remissions of AML, and its efficacy is superior to the frontline combination of Venetoclax and hypomethylation azacitidine (AZA) in AML mouse models and PDX models from relapsed or refractory AML patients. Mechanically, Bcl‐2 knockdown induces mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and c‐Myc‐knockdown impairs mitochondria biogenesis. Co‐targeting c‐Myc/Bcl‐2 reciprocally abrogates over‐proliferation and apoptosis resistance via forming a double hit to mitochondrial biogenesis and apoptosis machinery. The findings for the first time demonstrate that co‐targeting c‐Myc/Bcl‐2 by the novel oral small molecule combination of WBC100/Venetoclax is a promising and convenient therapy for AML and support its clinical trial.
Application of engineered natural ores to intermediate‐ and high‐temperature CO2 capture and conversion
Authors: Ma Xiaoling , Cui Hongjie , Cheng Zhenmin , Zhou Zhiming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntegrated CO2 capture and conversion (ICCC) is a promising technology aiming at converting waste CO2 to fuels and high value‐added chemicals. Herein, we described a proof‐of‐concept study of applying engineered natural ores (dolomite, magnesite, and limestone) to two different ICCC processes—intermediate‐temperature ICCC for CH4 production (350–400°C) and high‐temperature ICCC for syngas production (650–700°C). In the former process, a MgO‐based CO2 sorbent prepared from dolomite and magnesite was combined with a methanation catalyst in a dual‐bed configuration, whereby a CH4 yield of 7.1–7.3 mmol/g can be stably achieved per cycle over 20 consecutive ICCC cycles. In the latter process, a CaO‐based sorbent derived from dolomite and limestone was coupled with a reforming catalyst also in a dual‐bed mode, whereby syngas with a H2/CO ratio of 0.9–1.0 can be produced over 20 cycles. This study will expand the application of natural ores in CO2 emission reduction.
Change in lipids before onset of dementia, coronary heart disease, and mortality: A 28‐year follow‐up Whitehall II prospective cohort study
Authors: Hassen Céline Ben , Machado‐Fragua Marcos D , Landré Benjamin , Fayosse Aurore , Dumurgier Julien , Kivimaki Mika , Sabia Séverine , Singh‐Manoux Archana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe association of lipids with dementia remains a subject of debate. Using data from 7,672 participants of the Whitehall II prospective cohort study, we examined whether timing of exposure, length of follow‐up, or sex modifies this association.METHODSTwelve markers of lipid levels were measured from fasting blood and eight among them a further five times. We performed time‐to‐event as well as trajectory analyses.RESULTSNo associations were observed in men; in women most lipids were associated with the risk of dementia, but only for events occurring after the first 20 years of follow‐up. Differences in lipid trajectories in men emerged only in the years immediately before diagnosis whereas in women total cholesterol (TC), LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐C), non‐HDL‐cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C), TC/HDL‐C, and LDL‐C/HDL‐C were higher in midlife among dementia cases before declining progressively.DISCUSSIONAbnormal lipid levels in midlife seem to be associated with a higher risk of dementia in women.
ATP‐Responsive Nanoparticles Covered with Biomolecular Machine “Chaperonin GroEL”
Authors: Shen Hao K. , Morishita Kiyoshi , Hashim P. K. , Okuro Kou , Kashiwagi Daiki , Kimura Ayumi , Yanagisawa Haruaki , Kikkawa Masahide , Niwa Tatsuya , Taguchi Hideki , Aida Takuzo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, we report an ATP‐responsive nanoparticle (GroELNP) whose surface is fully covered with the biomolecular machine “chaperonin protein GroEL”. GroELNP was synthesized by DNA hybridization between a gold NP with DNA strands on its surface and GroEL carrying complementary DNA strands at its apical domains. The unique structure of GroELNP was visualized by transmission electron microscopy including under cryogenic conditions. The immobilized GroEL units retain their machine‐like function and enable GroELNP to capture denatured green fluorescent protein and release it in response to ATP. Interestingly, the ATPase activity of GroELNP per GroEL was 4.8 and 4.0 times greater than those of precursor cysGroEL and its DNA‐functionalized analogue, respectively. Finally, we confirmed that GroELNP could be iteratively extended to double‐layered
NP.
Easily Scalable Shell‐Structured Copper Catalyst with High Activity and Durability for Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation
Authors: Kim Gunjoo , Ryu Seung‐Hee , Jeong Hojin , Choi Yunji , Lee Seungwoo , Choi Joon‐Hwan , Lee Hyunjoo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInducing strong metal‐support interaction (SMSI) has been a useful way to control the structure of surface active sites. The SMSI often causes the encapsulation of metal particles with an oxide layer. Herein, an amorphous ceria shell was formed on Cu nanoparticles under a mild gas condition with high activity and durability for surface reaction. Cu−Ce solid solution promoted the transfer of surface oxygen species, which induced the ceria shell formation on Cu nanoparticles. This catalyst was used for CO2 hydrogenation, selectively producing CO with high low‐temperature activity and good durability for operation at high temperature. CO2 activation and H2 spillover could occur at low temperatures, enhancing the activity. The shell prevented the sintering, assuring durability. This catalyst was applied to a bench‐scale reactor without loss in performance, resulting in high CO productivity in all temperature ranges.
Cation‐Promoted Strain‐Release‐Driven Access to Functionalized Azetidines from Azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes
Authors: Jaiswal Vandana , Mondal Soumik , Singh Bandana , Singh Vinod. P. , Saha Jaideep 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccess to 1,3‐functionalized azetidines through a diversity‐oriented approach is highly sought‐after for finding new applications in drug‐discovery. To this goal, strain‐release‐driven functionalization of azabicyclo[1.1.0]‐butane (ABB) has generated significant interest. Through appropriate N‐activation, C3‐substituted ABBs are shown to render tandem N/C3‐fucntionalization/rearrangement, furnishing azetidines; although, modalities of such N‐activation vis‐à‐vis N‐functionalization remain limited to selected electrophiles. This work showcases a versatile cation‐driven activation strategy of ABBs. And capitalizes on the use of Csp3 precursors amenable to forming reactive (aza)oxyallyl cations in situ. Herein, N‐activation leads to formation of a congested C−N bond, and effective C3 activation. The concept was extended to formal [3+2] annulations involving (aza)oxyallyl cations and ABBs, leading to bridged bicyclic azetidines. Besides the fundamental appeal of this new activation paradigm, operational simplicity and remarkable diversity should engender its prompt use in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
Homogeneous polyurethane foaming systems containing polyester diol, ethylene glycol, and alkylated polyethylenimine‐CO2 adducts
Authors: Guo Zhi , Wang Xin , Xie Xingyi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCO2 adducts from alkylated polyethylenimines (PEIs) in powder form are newly developed blowing agents for polyurethanes (PUs) to replace the ozone‐depleting and/or global warming halogen‐containing blowing agents. However, they are difficult to disperse into the raw materials of PUs. Herein, we explored reactive solvents for alkyl‐grafted PEI‐based CO2 adducts (xCn‐PEI‐CO2s, whose alkyl carbon number n = 4, 8, or 12 and grafting rate x = 5%, 10%, or 15%) and found that the most effective solvent was ethylene glycol (EG), with solute mass concentrations exceeding 50%. According to this, we designed homogenous foaming systems for PUs, containing poly(ethylene‐co‐diethylene glycol adipate)diol, EG, and different xCn‐PEI‐CO2 blowing agents, with mass percentages of 85, 11.25, and 3.75, respectively. The xCn‐PEI‐CO2 blowing agents in the ternary mixture could effectively blow PUs, with densities ranging from 210 to 240 kg/m3. The addition of 0.1 g of water as an extra blowing agent reduced the densities down to 110 kg/m3, compared with the 140 kg/m3 density of the control foam blown solely by water. The liquid status of the ternary foaming mixtures and their cooperative performance with water to blow PUs could enhance the suitability of the climate‐friendly xCn‐PEI‐CO2 blowing agents in PU foam industry.
Optimizing the lysis step in CTAB DNA extractions of silica‐dried and herbarium leaf tissues
Authors: Carey S. James , Becklund L. Ellie , Fabre Paige P. , Schenk John J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPremiseThe use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is an effective and inexpensive method of extracting DNA from plants. The CTAB protocol is frequently modified to optimize DNA extractions, but experimental approaches rarely perturb a single variable at a time to systematically infer their effect on DNA quantity and quality.Methods and ResultsWe investigated how chemical additives, incubation temperature, and lysis duration affected DNA quantity and quality. Altering those parameters influenced DNA concentrations and fragment lengths, but only extractant purity was significantly affected. CTAB and CTAB plus polyvinylpyrrolidone buffers produced the highest DNA quality and quantity. Extractions from silica gel–preserved tissues had significantly higher DNA yield, longer DNA fragments, and purer extractants compared to herbarium‐preserved tissues.ConclusionsWe recommend DNA extractions of silica gel–preserved tissues that include a shorter and cooler lysis step, which results in purer extractions compared to a longer and hotter lysis step, while preventing fragmentation and reducing time.
The “Weak” C−H⋅⋅⋅S Interaction Drives Enantioselectivity in Cinchona Alkaloid Complex Catalyzed Thiocyanation
Authors: Banerjee Subhrashis , Vanka Kumar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe great success of asymmetric organocatalysis has made it one of the most important advancements made in chemistry in the past two decades. A significant achievement in this context is the asymmetric organocatalysis of the thiocyanation reaction. In the current study, computational studies with density functional theory have been done in order to understand an interesting experimental finding: the reversal of enantioselectivity from R to S when the electrophile is changed from β‐keto ester to oxindole for the thiocyanation reaction with the cinchona alkaloid complex catalyst. The calculations reveal an unusual fact – the principal reason for the reversal is the presence of the C−H⋅⋅⋅S noncovalent interaction, which is present only in the major transition states in each of the two nucleophile cases. Only recently has it been realized that the supposedly weak C−H⋅⋅⋅S noncovalent interaction has the properties of a hydrogen bond, and the fact that this interaction is the cause of enantioselectivity has relevance, because of the large number of asymmetric transformations involving the sulphur heteroatom.
Single‐platform, Attomolar Detection of Multiple Biomarkers by a Flexible SERS Sensor
Authors: Jaiswal Ankita , Naqvi Tania K. , Dwivedi Prabhat K. , Verma Sandeep 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEarly detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical for better healthcare management. Herein, we demonstrate a Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) active sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of β‐Amyloid Peptide (Aβ1‐42), a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats, containing purine‐based ligand (L; 0 mg (P1), 50 mg (P2), and 100 mg (P3)) were prepared by electrospinning followed by functionalization with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The fabricated SERS sensors were employed for the detection of Rhodamine 6G (Rh‐6G) dye for optimization and the highest sensitivity was achieved on P3/AgNPs SERS sensor. The P3/AgNPs sensor was chosen for the detection of Aβ1‐42and human Insulin (HI). The limit of detection(LoD)was found to be 76×10−18M and 26×10−18M for Aβ1‐42and HI, respectively. The sensitivity achieved is one order improved for Aβ1‐42and four orders for HI when compared with reported values. Also, demonstrated the selectivity of the P3/AgNPs sensor by testing a simulated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and achieved easily identifiable peaks of Aβ1‐42among the noise of HI and bovine serum albumin should be written before the acronym of BSA. This approach could be extended to develop ultra‐sensitive flexible SERS sensors for the facile detection of multiple biomarkers on a single platform with excellent sensitivity, selectivity and stability.
A review of behavioral evidence for hemispheric asymmetry of visuospatial attention in autism
Authors: English Michael C. W. , Maybery Murray T. , Visser Troy A. W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost individuals show a small bias towards visual stimuli presented in their left visual field (LVF) that reflects right‐hemispheric specialization of visuospatial functions. Moreover, this bias is altered by some neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting they may be linked to changes in hemispheric asymmetry. To examine whether autism potentially alters hemispheric asymmetry, we conducted a systematic search of scientific databases to review existing literature on the link between autism and alterations in visuospatial bias. This search identified 13 publications that had explored this issue using a wide range of experimental designs and stimuli. Evidence of reduced LVF bias associated with autism was most consistent for studies examining attentional bias or preference measured using tasks such as line bisection. Findings for studies examining attentional performance (e.g., reaction time) were more equivocal. Further investigation is called for, and we make several recommendations for how this avenue of research can be extended.