bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
mCIT app for teaching and learning the estimation and automatic control of DC motors
Authors: Sánchez Antonio Concha , Thenozhi Suresh , Lara Paulina Poblano , Jiménez‐Betancourt Ramón O. , Gadi Suresh K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTopics of automatic control, parameter identification, and state estimation of a direct current (DC) motor are widely included in undergraduate and graduate engineering programs. Traditionally, theoretical classes are accompanied by simulation or experimental laboratory sessions. The simulation techniques usually do not consider essential dynamic behaviors exhibited by physical systems, such as friction and saturation. Meanwhile, the DC servomechanism, computing device, and associated software used for the experiments are usually expensive. These situations may be avoided through mobile learning by using a low‐cost and portable platform controlled by a mobile device. This article proposes a free Android application called Control and Identification Toolbox for motors (mCIT) and a low‐cost portable platform designed to perform real‐time experiments on DC servomechanisms. The portable platform comprises a mobile device with the mCIT app, a DC servomechanism, and an Arduino‐based data acquisition system. The mobile device, which can be a smartphone, performs the computational and user interface tasks. The effectiveness of the mCIT app and platform are evaluated in online, hybrid, and face‐to‐face courses. The results indicate that the proposed mobile technique improves the teaching and learning experience of automatic control and system estimation topics.
Struggling to manage: A constructivist grounded theory of hoarding behaviours
Authors: Ruby‐Granger Victoria , Wilde David , Seymour‐Smith Sarah , Zysk Eva 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHoarding behaviours can cause numerous problems including health risks, family conflict, and removal of children and pets from the home. Hoarding research typically adopts a cognitive‐behavioural framework and uses quantitative methods; we aimed to further understand the development of hoarding behaviour from a qualitative perspective. Constructivist grounded theory methods were employed across two phases of data collection via semi‐structured interviews with participants identifying as exhibiting hoarding behaviours. Provisional categories were developed in phase one; further data analysis in phase two helped to establish our grounded theory. The theoretical core is a struggle to manage possessions and life, including life transitions such as moving to a new home and starting or finishing university. ‘Struggling to manage’ incorporates emotional struggles with possessions and the impacts of personal trauma and overwhelming life events. A further category, ‘Trying to overcome hoarding’ incorporates participants' efforts to manage and overcome their hoarding. Findings highlight the importance of viewing hoarding in a holistic context.
Primary (congenital) occipital encephalomeningocele in a newborn born to a mother despite folic acid supplementation
Authors: Paudel Binod , Yadav Gopal K. 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe etiology of neural tube defects is multifactorial, with a wide interplay of genetic and environmental factors. However, periconceptional folic acid should be supplemented in antenatal care.AbstractWe described a case of neural tube defects (NTDs), specifically occipital encephalomeningocele, in a child born to a mother who received folic acid supplementation. A wide interplay of genetic and environmental factors exists in its causation. Although folic acid confers advantage, the relationship with the causation of NTDs still remains unclear.
COVID‐19 infection and Leser–Trelat sign: Is there an association?
Authors: Handjani Farhad , Radanfar Roya , Sepaskhah Mozhdeh , Dehdari Ebrahimi Niloofar 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe etiology of the Leser–Trélat sign is still unknown, it is likely that viral infections like COVID‐19 can be associated with eruptive seborrheic keratosis, although the exact pathogenesis is still not clear, but this phenomenon can be due to TNF‐alpha and TGF‐alpha and immunosuppression condition as well as in COVID‐19 infection.AbstractSeborrheic keratosis is a typical benign skin lesion that is almost always seen in elderly populations. The sudden increase in size or an increase in the number of these lesions is called Leser–Trelat sign, this sign is suggesting as a paraneoplastic appearance of internal malignancy. But, Leser–Trelat sign is also described in some nonmalignant conditions, for example, human immunodeficiency virus infection and human papillomavirus infection. Herein, we describe a patient with Leser–Trelat sign after recovery from COVID‐19 infection with no evidence of internal malignancy. This case was partially presented as a poster in the 102nd Annual Congress of British Association of Dermatologists in Glasgow, Scotland from July 5 2022 to July 7 2022. British Journal of Dermatology, 187, 2022 and 35. The patient signed written informed consent to permit the publication of the case report without identifying data and to use the photography for publication. The researchers committed to maintaining patient confidentiality. Institutional ethics committee approved the case report (ethics code: IR.sums.med.rec.1400.384).
Experience of general anesthesia in a patient with menstrual‐associated coronary spasm
Authors: Kawachi Aya , Sudo Saho , Ishida Yusuke , Nakazawa Koichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCoronary angina due to low estrogen is relatively common around menopause, with almost no reports associated with the menstrual cycle or anesthetic management at younger ages. The patient was a 22‐year‐old woman who had developed ventricular fibrillation due to coronary spasm, resulting in cardiopulmonary arrest. She was resuscitated, and underwent ICD implantation. As her symptoms appeared at specific times during her menstrual cycle, she was diagnosed as having menstrual‐associated coronary spasm, and started taking estrogen/progesterone medication. An endometrial ablation was scheduled for endometrial hyperplasia that was caused by the medicine. The surgery was scheduled in consideration of the patient's menstrual cycle, and general anesthesia was selected as the method of anesthesia. The surgery and perioperative management were uneventful, and her postoperative course was favorable. Our case is the first to our knowledge of general anesthesia performed on a patient with menstrual‐associated coronary spasm.
Bardet–Biedl syndrome: Delayed diagnosis in a 14‐year‐old child with end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Rasel Mohammad , Istiak Ashif , Saiara Afra , Al‐Jubair Abdullah , Matin Shariful , Roy Gobinda Chandra 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageBardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal recessive ciliopathic disorder. Because of its low prevalence and wide spectrum of clinical features, many patients remain undiagnosed. We report a case of a 14‐year‐old boy with a typical phenotype of BBS who remains undiagnosed until the development of end‐stage renal disease.
Umbilical cord hemangioma and pseudocyst with favorable fetal outcome
Authors: Wanyonyi Sikolia , Nyagaka Felix , Okiro Patricia , Ogutu Lilian , Nyaichowa Alice , Oindi Felix , Sequeira Evan 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThere is a high association between umbilical cord hemangiomas or cysts with fetal mortality. However, favorable outcome is possible with proper prenatal monitoring and careAbstractUmbilical cord hemangiomas are rare neoplasms of vascular origin, commonly found in the free section of the umbilical cord proximal to placental insertion. They are associated with an increased risk of fetal mortality. We present a rare co‐occurrence of an umbilical cord hemangioma and a pseudocyst managed conservatively, with favorable fetal outcome despite the interval increase in size, decreased caliber of the umbilical arteries, and fetal chest compression.
A rare case report of lead encephalopathy due to high blood lead level
Authors: Masbough Farnoosh , Shadnia Shahin , Rahimi Mitra , Roshanzamiri Soheil , Evini Peyman Erfantalab , Mostafazadeh Babak 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere we report a case of lead poisoning having a serum lead level of 412 mcg dL−1 who presented with decreasing level of consciousness and recurrent seizures. He responded well to treatment with chelation therapy.
Identification of In‐Droplet Multicellular Communities by Light‐Induced Combinatorial DNA Barcoding
Authors: Kawasaki Fumiko , Mori Yuka , Mimori Takahiro , Sato. Issei , Ota Sadao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA microdroplet co‐culture system is useful for the parallel assessment of numerous possible cell–cell interactions by generating isolated subcommunities from a pool of heterogeneous cells. However, the integration of single‐cell sequencing into such analysis has been limited due to the lack of effective molecular identifiers for each in‐droplet subcommunity. Herein, we present a strategy for generating in‐droplet subcommunity identifiers using DNA‐functionalized microparticles encapsulated within microdroplets. These microparticles serve as initial information carriers, where their combinations act as distinct identifiers for in‐droplet subcommunity. Upon optical trigger, DNA barcoding molecules encoding the microparticle information are once released in the microdroplets and then tag cell membranes. The tagged DNA molecules then serve as a second information carrier readable by single‐cell sequencing to reconstitute the community in silico in the single‐cell RNA sequencing data space.
Temperature Directs the Majority‐Rules Principle in Supramolecular Copolymers Driven by Triazine–Benzene Interactions
Authors: Jansen Stef A. H. , Su Hao , Schnitzer Tobias , Vantomme Ghislaine , Meijer E. W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSupramolecular copolymers have typically been studied in the extreme cases, such as self‐sorting or highly mixed copolymer systems, while the intermediate systems have been less understood. We have reported the temperature‐dependent microstructure in copolymers of triazine‐ and benzene‐derivatives based on charge‐transfer interactions with a highly alternating microstructure at low temperatures. Here, we investigate the temperature‐dependent copolymerization further and increase the complexity by combining triazine‐ and benzene‐derivatives with opposite preferred helicities. In this case, intercalation of the benzene‐derivative into the triazine‐derivative assemblies causes a helical inversion. The inversion of the net helicity was rationalized by comparing the mismatch penalties of the individual monomers, which indicated that the benzene‐derivative dictates the helical screw‐sense of the supramolecular copolymers. Surprisingly, this was not reflected in further investigations of slightly modified triazine‐ and benzene‐derivatives, thus highlighting that the outcome is a subtle balance between structural features, where small differences can be amplified due to the competitive nature of the interactions. Overall, these findings suggest that the temperature‐dependent microstructure of triazine‐ and benzene‐based supramolecular copolymers determines the copolymer helicity of the presented system in a similar way as the mixed majority‐rules phenomenon.
Direct Synthesis of Unprotected Indolines Through Intramolecular sp3 C−H Amination Using Nitroarenes as Aryl Nitrene Precursors
Authors: Sirvinskaite Giedre , Nardo Celine S. , Müller Patrick , Gasser Aurelio C. , Morandi Bill 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGiven the prevalence of molecules containing nitro groups in organic synthesis, innovative methods to expand the reactivity of this functional group are of interest in both industrial and academic settings. In this report, a metal‐free intramolecular benzylic sp3 C−H amination is disclosed using aryl nitro compounds as aryl nitrene precursors. Organosilicon reagent N,N’‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐4,4’‐bipyridinylidene (Si‐DHBP) served as an efficient reductant in the transformation, enabling the in situ generation of aryl nitrene species for the direct, metal‐free synthesis of unprotected 2‐arylindolines from the corresponding nitroarene compounds.
Towards a Structured Framework for Techno‐Economic Analyses of Chemical Recycling Technologies
Authors: Voss Raoul , Lee Roh Pin , Keller Florian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe role of chemical recycling (CR) as a valuable complementary strategy to mechanical recycling in closing the carbon cycle for carbon‐containing waste is currently being discussed in political, economic, and social spheres. However, CR deployment is hindered by uncertainties regarding its environmental impacts and costs compared to conventional waste treatment and chemical production routes. While methods for assessing CR's environmental impacts are the focus of socio‐political debates and investigations, techno‐economic analyses (TEA) to evaluate costs of CR remain scarce. To contribute to a standardized framework for assessing the economic viability of CR technologies, this article draws on life cycle assessment and TEA literature to develop a six‐stage TEA process for CR. A checklist is also presented to support transparent and comprehensive analyses.
Lifestyle and occupational risks assessment of bladder cancer using machine learning‐based prediction models
Authors: Shakhssalim Naser , Talebi Atefeh , Pahlevan‐Fallahy Mohammad‐Taha , Sotoodeh Kasra , Alavimajd Hamid , Borumandnia Nasrin , Taheri Maryam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBladder cancer, one of the most prevalent cancers globally, can be regarded as considerable morbidity and mortality for patients. The bladder is an organ that comes in constant exposure to the environment and other risk factors such as inflammation.AimsIn the current study, we used machine learning (ML) methods and developed risk prediction models for bladder cancer.MethodsThis population‐based case–control study is focused on 692 cases of bladder cancer and 692 healthy people. The ML, including Neural Network (NN), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Naive Bayes (NB), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Logistic Regression (LR), were applied, and the model performance was evaluated.ResultsThe RF (AUC = .86, precision = 79%) had the best performance, and the RT (AUC = .78, precision = 73%) was in the next rank. Based on variable importance analysis in RF, recurrent infection, bladder stone history, neurogenic bladder, smoking and opium use, chronic renal failure, spinal cord paralysis, analgesic, family history of bladder cancer, diabetic mellitus, low dietary intake of fruit and vegetable, high dietary intake of ham, sausage, can and pickles were respectively the most important factors, which effect on the probability of bladder cancer.ConclusionMachine learning approaches can predict the probability of bladder cancer according to medical history, occupational risk factors, and dietary and demographical characteristics.
Runx2 activates hepatic stellate cells to promote liver fibrosis via transcriptionally regulating Itgav expression
Authors: Zhong Li , Zhao Jinqiu , Huang Lu , Liu Yi , Pang Xiaoxiao , Zhan Ke , Li Shan , Xue Qian , Pan Xiaoli , Deng Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgrounds and aimsAs a central event during liver fibrosis, hepatic stellate cells (HSC) have been thought to be a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is associated with the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, while its specific role in HSC activation and hepatic fibrosis remains elusive.Approach and resultsIn this study, we found that Runx2 expression was significantly upregulated in human liver fibrosis with different aetiologies. Runx2 expression was also gradually elevated in mouse liver during fibrosis, and Runx2 was mainly expressed in the activated HSC. Knockdown of Runx2 in HSC markedly alleviated CCl4‐induced, 3,5‐diethoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dihydrocollidine‐induced or methionine‐choline deficient (MCD)‐induced liver fibrosis, while hepatic overexpression of Runx2 via HBAAV‐Runx2 or VA‐Lip‐Runx2 injection exacerbated CCl4‐induced liver fibrosis. In vitro analysis demonstrated that Runx2 promoted HSC activation and proliferation, whereas Runx2 knockdown in HSC suppressed these effects. RNA‐seq and Runx2 ChIP‐seq analysis demonstrated that Runx2 could promote integrin alpha‐V (Itgav) expression by binding to its promoter. Blockade of Itgav attenuated Runx2‐induced HSC activation and liver fibrosis. Additionally, we found that cytokines (TGF‐β1, PDGF, EGF) promote the expression and nuclear translocation of Runx2 through protein kinase A (PKA) in HSC.ConclusionsRunx2 is critical for HSC activation via transcriptionally regulating Itgav expression during liver fibrosis, and may be a promising therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
DBALM: A novel method for identifying ornamental flowering plants based on DNA barcodes–leaf morphology
Authors: Shen Fengjiao , Bai Xiaoxia , Li Lin , Fan Xiaoxuan , Song Yifan , Yu Miao , Cui Mengwei , Jiang Shulei , Li Zhibin , Zhao Jiancheng , Shi Shuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhereas the presence of flowers on ornamental flowering plants is essential for their identification via traditional methods, ornamental flowering plants cannot be reliably identified in non‐flowering stages likewise. Here, DBALM (DNA Barcodes–Leaf Morphology), a new approach that combines DNA barcoding data with micromorphological features of the leaf epidermis and that is not limited by the flowering stage, was used to identify 16 evergreen rhododendron cultivars. First, the sequences of DNA barcodes, ITS, matK, psbA‐trnH, and rbcL, were obtained from the DNA of leaves. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to clarify the groupings among all the samples based on the four markers. Then, microscopic features of the leaf epidermis were used to further distinguish individuals from the same clade. DNA barcoding permitted the 16 cultivars to be divided into eight groups. The microscopic features of the leaf epidermis permitted cultivars within the same clade to be distinguished. The matK + psbA‐trnH combination was the most effective barcode combination in this study. In addition, the new primer matK‐Rh_R was designed, and it increased the amplification rate of evergreen rhododendron cultivars to 100%. In sum, DBALM was capable of accurately identifying the 16 evergreen rhododendron cultivars using data collected from a single leaf in the vegetative growth stage. This method can greatly facilitate the identification and breeding of ornamental flowering plants.
Similarities and distinctions between acetazolamide and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with acute heart failure: Key insights into ADVOR and EMPULSE
Authors: Packer Milton , Butler Javed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBoth acetazolamide and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors block sodium reabsorption in the proximal renal tubule primarily through inhibition of sodium–hydrogen exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), but neither SGLT2 inhibitors nor acetazolamide produce a sustained natriuresis due to compensatory upregulation of sodium reabsorption at distal nephron sites. Nevertheless, acetazolamide and SGLT2 inhibitors have been used as adjunctive therapy to loop diuretics in states where NHE3 is upregulated, e.g. acute heart failure. Two randomized controlled trials have been carried out with acetazolamide in acute heart failure (DIURESIS‐CHF and ADVOR). In ADVOR, acetazolamide improved physical signs of fluid retention, but this finding could not be explained by the modest observed diuretic effect. Acetazolamide did not produce a natriuresis in the DIURESIS‐CHF trial, and in ADVOR, immediate effects on symptoms and body weight were not reported, and the drug had no effect on morbidity or mortality after 90 days. Three randomized controlled trials have been carried out with empagliflozin (EMPAG‐HF, EMPA‐RESPONSE‐AHF and EMPULSE) in acute heart failure. The EMPULSE trial did not report effects on diuresis or in changes in physical signs of congestion during the first week of treatment, but in EMPAG‐HF and EMPA‐RESPONSE‐AHF, empagliflozin had no effect of dyspnoea, urinary sodium excretion or body weight during the first 4 days. In the EMPULSE trial, empagliflozin improved health status at 15 days and reduced the risk of worsening heart failure events at 90 days, but these effects are similar in magnitude and time course to the early statistical significance on the risk of heart failure hospitalizations achieved within 14–30 days in the major trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with chronic heart failure. Neurohormonal inhibitors produce this early effect in the absence of a diuresis. Additionally, in numerous randomized controlled trials, in‐hospital diuretic intensification has not reduced the risk of major heart failure events, even when treatment is sustained. These findings, taken collectively, suggest that any immediate diuretic effects of acetazolamide and SGLT2 inhibitors in acute heart failure are not likely to influence the short‐ or long‐term clinical course of patients.
Four‐way purification of automobile exhaust over woody La0.8Ce0.2Fe0.3Co0.7O3 perovskite‐type catalysts enhanced by NTP
Authors: Wang Yinghui , Guo Xiurong , Zhang Haonan , Du Danfeng , Qi Zhanfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn order to enhance the four‐way purification performance of PM, NOx, CO and HC emitted by automobile exhausts over woody La0.8Ce0.2Fe0.3Co0.7O3 perovskite‐type catalysts. First, the woody La0.8Ce0.2Fe0.3Co0.7O3 perovskite‐type catalysts were modified by nonthermal plasma (NTP). The physicochemical properties of the catalyst surface were characterized utilizing x‐ray diffractometer, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray photoelectronic spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller to analyze the effect of NTP on surface character of the catalyst samples. Second, NTP was combined with woody La0.8Ce0.2Fe0.3Co0.7O3 perovskite‐type catalysts to form in‐plasma catalysis purification (IPCP) systems. Finally, the four‐way purification performance of perovskite‐type catalysts were evaluated in the presence and absence of the plasma by simulation test bench. The results showed that NTP can enhance the four‐way purification performance for PM, NOx, CO and HC emitted by automobile exhausts over woody La0.8Ce0.2Fe0.3Co0.7O3 perovskite‐type catalysts. NTP can increase the specific surface area and porosity. When the input voltage, frequency and filling rate of IPCP systems are 15 kV, 15 Hz and 0.3, respectively, the maximum purification efficiency for PM, NOx, CO and HC are about 96%, 95%, 95%, and 84%. Moreover, four‐way purification mechanism of IPCP was deduced according to the experimental results.