bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanics of Living Lattice Composites With Growing Crystals
Authors: Su Yipin , Xin An , Wang Qiming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lattice composites show excellent mechanical and acoustic properties. Compared with traditional man-made lattice composites, natural (or living) lattice composites exhibit the ability to spontaneously increase their stiffness as time increases, i.e., self-enhancement. With this paper, we study the mechanism of the self-enhancement behavior of living lattice composites. We first immerse a polymeric lattice in an oversaturated CaCO3 solution to simulate the self-enhancement behavior of living lattice composites. We then propose a modeling framework to quantitatively describe the evolution of the morphology and effective stiffness of the growing composites, including a phase field model simulation, a crystal growth prediction, and a modified lattice mechanics theory. We validate the modeling work through comparison among the theoretical prediction, experimental observation, and finite element simulation. We also study the effects of the cross sections of polymeric beams, initial concentration of the solution, and architecture type on the self-enhancement behavior of the composites. This paradigm is expected to open promising avenues for the design and fabrication of synthetic living lattice composites.
An Unsupervised Machine Learning Based Double Sweet Spots Classification and Evaluation Method for Tight Reservoirs
Authors: Deng Yuxuan , Wang Wendong , Su Yuliang , Sun Shibo , Zhuang Xinyu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the increasing exploration and development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs, it is of utmost importance to clarify the characteristics of “sweet spots” within tight gas reservoirs. Considering the complex lithology of tight gas reservoirs, fast phase transformations of sedimentary facies, and vital diagenetic transformation, there is a low success rate of reservoir prediction in the lateral direction, and heterogeneity evaluation is challenging. Establishing a convenient standard for reservoir interpretation in the early stages of development is complex, making designing hydraulic fracturing in the later phases a challenge. In this paper, we propose a detailed study of the engineering and geological double sweet spots (DSS) analysis system and the optimization of sweet spot parameters using the independent weight coefficient method. K-means++ algorithm and Gaussian mixture gradient algorithm unsupervised machine learning algorithms are used to determine the classification standard of general reservoirs and high-quality sweet spot reservoirs in the lower 1 layer of He-8 in the x block of the Sulige gas field. This application of the field example illustrates that the proposed double sweet spot classification and evaluation method can be applied to locate the reservoir’s sweet spot accurately.
Three-Dimensional Fracture Analysis of Large Opening Box Girder With Crack Damage Under Bending and Torsion Loads
Authors: Peng Ziya , Yang Ping , Song Yuelin , Hu Kang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This work aims to investigate the complex fracture behavior of a large opening box girder (LOBG) using three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM). A numerical model is developed to simulate the fracture of LOBG under individually or jointly applied torsion and bending loads. The crack damage is introduced into the side plate and bottom plate of LOBG. The influencing factors such as crack angles, crack locations, and load types are emphatically discussed. Additionally, the crack growth angles are also predicted during the analysis. The results present that the large opening can generate significant effects on the crack growth of the side plate crack (SPC) and the bottom plate crack (BPC). Under the condition of torsion or hogging, SPC grows more easily than BPC, while BPC is relatively prone to grow under sagging condition. Compared with the torsion condition, the initial crack angle can significantly reduce the stress intensity factor (SIF) under the bending condition. Furthermore, the cracks that gradually approach transverse frames are also more likely to induce mode I fracture under torsion conditions. These findings from the present study can reveal insights for a better understanding of fracture behavior for LOBG.
An Improved Method for Predicting Roll Damping and Excessive Acceleration for a Ship With Moonpool Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Method
Authors: Duan Fei , Ma Ning , Gu Xiechong , Zhou Yaohua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExcessive acceleration is one of the stability failure modes involving large roll motion of ships. The overset method is applied to solve the six degrees-of-freedom motion of the ship with moonpool in beam waves. Based on a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the improved method of considering the roll damping of square moonpool is proposed. The improved method of considering moonpool damping is used in vulnerability assessment for excessive acceleration. The comparative analysis of the level 1 and level 2 vulnerability assessment of the excessive acceleration of a ship with moonpool is completed. The influence of moonpool on the vulnerability assessment of excessive acceleration is studied by comparing the model test results. The results show that the main factor affecting the estimation accuracy of lateral acceleration of the ship is the accuracy of roll amplitude calculation. The existence of moonpool will reduce the roll damping coefficient of the ship. The improved methods proposed in this paper can effectively improve the estimation of lateral acceleration of ships with moonpool in the level 1 vulnerability criteria and increase the safety margin in the level 2 vulnerability assessment. In the direct stability assessment, the CFD method can simulate the large-amplitude roll motion of the ship with moonpool and bilge keels, and can capture the strong nonlinear phenomena.
The Impact of Gender on Individual Perceptions and Team Psychological Safety in Engineering Design Teams in Education
Authors: Cole Courtney , Jablokow Kathryn , Mohammed Susan , Miller Scarlett 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImproving team interactions in engineering to model gender inclusivity has been at the forefront of many initiatives in both academia and industry. However, there has been limited evidence on the impact of gender-diverse teams on psychological safety (PS). This is important because psychological safety has been shown to be a key facet for the development of innovative ideas, and has also been shown to be a cornerstone of effective teamwork. But how does the gender diversity of a team impact the development of psychological safety? The current study was developed to explore just this through an empirical study with 38 engineering design student teams over the course of an eight-week design project. These teams were designed to be half heterogeneous (either half-men and half-women, or majority men) or other half homogeneous (all men). We captured psychological safety at five time points between the homogeneous and heterogeneous teams and also explored individual dichotomous (peer-review) ratings of psychological safety at the end of the project. Results indicated that there was no difference in psychological safety between gender homogeneous and heterogeneous teams. However, women perceived themselves as more psychologically safe with other team members who identified as women in comparison to their ratings of team members that identified as men. Women also perceived themselves to be less psychologically safe with men than men felt toward team members that identify as a woman. While males did not experience any significant differences in their perceptions of psychological safety toward any gender, the results from the perspective of women still indicate a discrepancy in perceptions between genders. These results point to the need to further explore the role of minoritized groups in psychological safety research and to explore how this effect presents itself (or is covered up) at the team level, as well as investigate impacts on all-women teams.
Horseback Riding-Related Injuries in Portugal and Prevention Strategies
Authors: Pinto Luísa V. , Gouveia Filipa C. , Ramalho Joana F. , Silva Sara R. , Silva Joana R. 
Published: January 2023

Context: Horse riding (HR) has gain popularity in Portugal, thereby increasing the number of related injuries. This study identifies frequently occurring injuries in Portuguese riders, the conditions under which they occur, and preventive measures. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: We included 216 Portuguese riders practicing HR at the time of the study with ≥1 year of experience. Data were obtained from a questionnaire that characterized first and second rider injuries; we opted for a systematic method to assess the riders’ injuries, in a temporal order. Questions regarding demographic data, sports-related background, systematic training workload, number and characteristics of the first 2 injuries, and the need for treatment were included in the questionnaire. Results: Most first and second injuries were musculoskeletal, occurred from falling off the horse during training, and primarily affected the lower limb. Rehabilitation was required in almost 50% of all cases. The occurrence of injury was significantly associated with the number of days of training per week, years of experience, height and weight of the rider, and practice of another sport. Riding different horses was also significantly associated with the number of injuries. Conclusions: The most frequently occurring injuries during HR are musculoskeletal and in the extremities. Injury prevention is essential in HR, as most riders have at least one injury while practicing. Rehabilitation should involve a physiatrist and core strengthening exercises.
Does donor sex influence the potential for transfusion with washed packed red blood cells to limit transfusion-related immune responses in preterm newborns?
Authors: Crawford Tara , Andersen Chad , Marks Denese C , Robertson Sarah A , Stark Michael 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of donor sex with transfusion-associated recipient immune responses in preterm newborns receiving unwashed and washed blood.DesignA cohort study using data collected during the Effect of Washed versus Unwashed Packed Red Blood Cell Transfusion on Immune Responses in the Extremely Preterm Newborn randomised trial.SettingParticipants were recruited from two South Australian hospitals between September 2015 and December 2020.PatientsPreterm newborns (<29 weeks).InterventionsTransfusion with unwashed and washed packed red blood cells (PRBCs) from either exclusively male or any female donor for the first three transfusions.Main outcomes measuresThe primary outcome was the change from baseline in post-transfusion plasma cytokine concentrations, specifically interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A and tumour necrosis factor (TNF).ResultsIn total, 153 newborns were evaluated. By the third transfusion, the magnitude of pretransfusion to post-transfusion change in cytokines between the groups differed for IL-6 (p=0.003), IL-12 (p=0.008), IL-17A (p=0.003) and TNF (p=0.007). On post hoc comparison, compared with the unwashed–any female donor group, IL-6 (p<0.05), IL-12 (p<0.05) and IL-17A (p<0.01) were lower in the washed–exclusively male donor group, and IL-6 (p<0.01), IL-12 (p<0.05) and TNF (p<0.01) were lower in the washed–any female donor group.ConclusionThese findings suggest that transfusion with unwashed PRBCs from female donors is associated with an increased recipient immune response, an effect that can be ameliorated with pretransfusion washing. Larger randomised controlled studies confirming this mechanistic link between donor sex and transfusion-associated morbidity are warranted.Trial registration numberACTRN12613000237785.
Pathologic myopia in highly myopic patients with high axial anisomyopia
Authors: Li Jonathan , Dan Yee Shan , Chua Si Qi , Wong Qiu Ying , Chong Rachel S , Ang Marcus ,   SNEC Retina Group, Wong Chee Wai , Hoang Quan V 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo determine prevalence of anisomyopia (axial length (AL) difference ≥2.5 mm) among high myopes ((HMs), defined by spherical equivalent of ≤6.0 diopters or AL ≥ 26.5 mm). To characterise the shorter anisomyopic eye (SAE) and evaluate if pathologic myopia (PM) in the longer anisomyopic eye (LAE) was associated with increased risk of PM in the SAE.Methods1168 HMs were recruited from Singapore National Eye Centre clinic for this cross-sectional study. Biometry, fundus photography and swept-source optical coherence tomography were performed. Patients with high axial anisomyopia were identified. Structural characteristics and presence of PM were described. Stepwise multivariate regression explored associations between PM in the LAE and pathology in the SAE, controlling for confounding variables.ResultsPrevalence of anisomyopia was 15.8% (184 of 1168 patients). Anisomyopic patients (age 65.8±13.5 years) had mean AL of 30.6±2.0 mm and 26.2±2.3 mm in the LAE and SAE, respectively. 52.7% of SAEs had AL < 26.5 mm. Prevalence of myopic macular degeneration, macula-involving posterior staphyloma (PS), myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) and myopic choroidal neovascularisation (mCNV) in the SAE was 52.2%, 36.5%, 13.0% and 8.2%, respectively. Macular hole in the LAE was associated with increased risk of MTM in the SAE (OR=4.88, p=0.01). mCNV in the LAE was associated with mCNV in the SAE (OR=3.57, p=0.02). PS in the LAE was associated with PS in the SAE (OR=4.03, p<0.001).ConclusionsEven when controlled for AL, PM complications in the LAE predict similar PM complications in the SAE. Patients with high axial anisometropia with PM in the LAE should be monitored carefully for complications in the SAE.
Influence of choroidal microvasculature dropout on progressive retinal nerve fibre layer thinning in primary open-angle glaucoma: comparison of parapapillary β-zones and γ-zones
Authors: Hwang Hye Seong , Lee Eun Ji , Kim Jeong-Ah , Lee Seung Hyen , Kim Tae-Woo 
Published: January 2023

Background/aimsTo compare the influence of choroidal microvasculature dropout (cMvD) on progressive retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thinning in glaucomatous eyes with parapapillary β-zones and γ-zones.Methods294 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and parapapillary atrophy (PPA) underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) to determine the type of PPA and OCT angiography scanning of the optic nerve head to determine the presence of cMvD. Eyes were classified based on the type of PPA (β-zones and γ-zones), and their clinical characteristics were compared. Factors associated with the rate of rapid progressive RNFL thinning were determined in each group, including the presence of cMvD as an independent variable.ResultsOf the 294 eyes, 186 and 108 were classified as having β-zones and γ-zones, respectively. The rate of RNFL thinning was slower (p<0.001), axial length was longer (p<0.001) and presence of cMvD was less frequent (57.4% vs 73.1%, p=0.006) in eyes with γ-zone than those with β-zone. Multivariate analyses showed that greater lamina cribrosa curvature (p=0.047) and the presence of cMvD (p=0.010) were associated with a faster rate of RNFL thinning in eyes with β-zone, whereas larger intraocular pressure fluctuation (p<0.001), shorter axial length (p=0.042) and greater baseline RNFL thickness (p<0.001) were associated with a faster rate of RNFL thinning in eyes with γ-zone.ConclusionsThe presence of cMvD was significantly associated with a faster rate of RNFL thinning in POAG eyes with β-zone, but not γ-zone. The pathogenic consequences of cMvD in POAG eyes may depend on accompanying peripapillary structures.
Effects of antenatal corticosteroids on neonatal outcomes in twin and singleton pregnancies: a Korean national cohort study
Authors: Bae Seong Phil , Hahn Won-Ho , Park Suyeon , Jung Young Hwa , Park Jee Yoon , Oh Kyung Joon , Choi Chang Won 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate whether effects of antenatal corticosteroids on neonatal outcomes in preterm infants with very low birth weight were different by plurality.DesignNationwide prospective cohort study.PatientsTwins and singletons with very low birth weight (<1500 g) who were born between 23+0and 33+6weeks of gestation and registered in the Korean Neonatal Network from January 2014 to December 2019.Main outcome measuresMorbidity and mortality before discharge from neonatal intensive care unit.ResultsAmong a total of 9531 preterm infants with very low birth weight, there were 2364 (24.8%) twins and 7167 (75.2%) singletons. While 83.9% of singletons were exposed to at least one dose of antenatal corticosteroids, so were 87.9% of twins.Interaction analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the effect of antenatal corticosteroids on morbidities or mortality between twins and singletons in either gestational age group (23–28 weeks or 29–33 weeks).Antenatal corticosteroids significantly decreased the risk of surfactant use (adjusted relative risk (aRR): 0.972 (95% CI: 0.961 to 0.984)), high-grade intraventricular haemorrhage (aRR: 0.621 (95% CI: 0.487 to 0.794)), periventricular leucomalacia (aRR: 0.728 (95% CI: 0.556 to 0.954)) and mortality (aRR: 0.758 (95% CI: 0.679 to 0.846)) in the gestational age group of 23–28 weeks. In the gestational age group of 29–33 weeks, antenatal corticosteroids significantly decreased the risk of surfactant use (aRR: 0.914 (95% CI: 0.862 to 0.970)) and mortality (aRR: 0.409 (95% CI: 0.269 to 0.624)) but increased the risk of sepsis (aRR: 1.416 (95% CI: 1.018 to 1.969)).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that effect of antenatal corticosteroids on neonatal outcomes of preterm infants with very low birth weight does not differ significantly by plurality (twin or singleton pregnancy).
Exploring unique device identifier implementation and use for real-world evidence: a mixed-methods study with NESTcc health system network collaborators
Authors: Dhruva Sanket S. , Ridgeway Jennifer L , Ross Joseph S. , Drozda, Joseph P. , Wilson Natalia A 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo examine the current state of unique device identifier (UDI) implementation, including barriers and facilitators, among eight health systems participating in a research network committed to real-world evidence (RWE) generation for medical devices.DesignMixed methods, including a structured survey and semistructured interviews.SettingEight health systems participating in the National Evaluation System for health Technology research network within the USA.ParticipantsIndividuals identified as being involved in or knowledgeable about UDI implementation or medical device identification from supply chain, information technology and high-volume procedural area(s) in their health system.Main outcomes measuresInterview topics were related to UDI implementation, including barriers and facilitators; UDI use; benefits of UDI adoption; and vision for UDI implementation. Data were analysed using directed content analysis, drawing on prior conceptual models of UDI implementation and the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment framework. A brief survey of health system characteristics and scope of UDI implementation was also conducted.ResultsThirty-five individuals completed interviews. Three of eight health systems reported having implemented UDI. Themes identified about barriers and facilitators to UDI implementation included knowledge of the UDI and its benefits among decision-makers; organisational systems, culture and networks that support technology and workflow changes; and external factors such as policy mandates and technology. A final theme focused on the availability of UDIs for RWE; lack of availability significantly hindered RWE studies on medical devices.ConclusionsUDI adoption within health systems requires knowledge of and impetus to achieve operational and clinical benefits. These are necessary to support UDI availability for medical device safety and effectiveness studies and RWE generation.
Hepatic pIgR-mediated secretion of IgA limits bacterial translocation and prevents ethanol-induced liver disease in mice
Authors: Hendrikx Tim , Lang Sonja , Rajcic Dragana , Wang Yanhan , McArdle Sara , Kim Kenneth , Mikulski Zbigniew , Schnabl Bernd 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAlcohol-associated liver disease is accompanied by microbial dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability and hepatic exposure to translocated microbial products that contribute to disease progression. A key strategy to generate immune protection against invading pathogens is the secretion of IgA in the gut. Intestinal IgA levels depend on the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), which transports IgA across the epithelial barrier into the intestinal lumen and hepatic canaliculi. Here, we aimed to address the function of pIgR during ethanol-induced liver disease.DesignpIgR and IgA were assessed in livers from patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and controls. Wild-type andpIgR-deficient (pIgR-/-) littermates were subjected to the chronic-binge (NIAAA model) and Lieber-DeCarli feeding model for 8 weeks. HepaticpIgRre-expression was established inpIgR-/-mice using adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8)-mediatedpIgRexpression in hepatocytes.ResultsLivers of patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis demonstrated an increased colocalisation of pIgR and IgA within canaliculi and apical poles of hepatocytes.pIgR-deficient mice developed increased liver injury, steatosis and inflammation after ethanol feeding compared with wild-type littermates. Furthermore, mice lackingpIgRdemonstrated increased plasma lipopolysaccharide levels and more hepatic bacteria, indicating elevated bacterial translocation. Treatment with non-absorbable antibiotics prevented ethanol-induced liver disease inpIgR-/-mice. Injection of AAV8 expressingpIgRintopIgR-/-mice prior to ethanol feeding increased intestinal IgA levels and ameliorated ethanol-induced steatohepatitis compared withpIgR-/-mice injected with control-AAV8 by reducing bacterial translocation.ConclusionOur results highlight that dysfunctional hepatic pIgR enhances alcohol-associated liver disease due to impaired antimicrobial defence by IgA in the gut.
Pseudocoloboma-like maculopathy with biallelicRDH12missense mutations
Authors: Kuo Che-Yuan , Chung Ming-Yi , Chen Shih-Jen 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundHereditary maculopathy is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders. With distinctive clinical features, subtypes of macular atrophy may correlate with their genetic defects.MethodsSeven patients from six families with adolescent/adult-onset maculopathy were examined in this clinical case series. A detailed medical history and eye examination were performed. Genomic DNA sequencing was performed using whole exome sequencing or direct sequencing of retinol dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12) coding exons.ResultsSeven patients, including one male and six female patients, with pseudocoloboma-like maculopathy had biallelic missenseRDH12mutations. The most common mutant allele found in six of the seven patients was p.Ala269Gly. The average disease onset was at age 19.3 years, and visual acuity ranged from count fingers to 1.0. Most of the patients had mild myopic refraction. Common findings on fundus examination and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography include discrete margins of pseudocoloboma-like macular lesions with variable degrees of chorioretinal atrophy, excavation of retinal tissue and pigmentary changes mainly in the macular area. The electroretinograms were relatively normal to subnormal in all participants.ConclusionsProgressive macular degeneration with a relatively normal peripheral retina and subsequent development of a pseudocoloboma-like appearance were the main clinical features in patients with compound heterozygousRDH12missense mutations. Genetic testing may be crucial for early diagnosis and may play a key role in the development of future treatment strategies.