bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Rhinoplasty for Unilateral Cleft Lip: A Long-Term Cohort Assessment of Aesthetic and Anthropometric Outcomes
Authors: Ng Jinggang J. , Banala Manisha , Sussman Jonathan H. , Massenburg Benjamin B. , Wu Meagan , Romeo Dominic J. , Jackson Oksana A. , Low David W. , Taylor Jesse A. , Swanson Jordan W. 
Published: January 2025

The decision to undertake rhinoplasty maneuvers during cleft lip repair remains controversial. Little data compare long-term outcomes with and without primary rhinoplasty (PR). This study compared nasolabial outcomes in cohorts with unilateral cleft lip (UCL) treated with and without PR at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia using standardized aesthetic and anthropometric assessments. Retrospective cohort study. Tertiary care pediatric hospital. Patients who underwent lip repair for UCL. Cleft lip repair with and without PR. Anthropometric analyses and crowdsourced aesthetic assessments using Americleft nasolabial appearance reference scales and pairwise comparisons. Among 208 patients, 155 (74.5%) and 53 (25.5%) underwent lip repair with and without PR at 4.5 ± 1.1 months. Primary rhinoplasty (β = 0.345, P = .037) and a lower Cleft Lip Severity Index (β = −0.341, P < .001) predicted superior pairwise rank at 4.9 ± 1.9 years of age. History of PR predicted decreased columellar deviation angle (CDA) (β = −2.375, P = .019) and improved nostril symmetry (β = 0.111, P = .038). Increased columellar-labial angle ( r = 0.27, P = .002), improved nostril symmetry ( r = −0.23, P = .01), and decreased CDA ( r = −0.45, P < .001) correlated with superior ratings. Patients with ˂20 days of postoperative nasal stenting had inferior lateral ratings (2.4 ± 0.6 vs 2.1 ± 0.5, P = .005). Those who underwent surgery at ˂5.3 months had inferior nasal projection (Goode's ratio 0.56 ± 0.09 vs 0.62 ± 0.08, P = .006). Primary rhinoplasty for UCL offers superior aesthetic results in early childhood by layperson and anthropometric assessments. Specific improved characteristics from PR—CDA and nostril symmetry—most greatly influence layperson perception of nasal appearance. Older age at surgery predicted increased nasal projection, while prolonged nasal stenting predicted superior profile appearance.
Understanding Access to Care: Factors Influencing Patient Attendance at Craniofacial Speech Evaluations
Authors: Heister Camryn , Dillon Katherine , Brady Colin , Soldanska Magdalena , Williams Joseph K. , Mason Kazlin 
Published: January 2025

Evaluate predictors for attendance and adherence to speech evaluations and determine factors that influence longitudinal care for patients with cleft palate and craniofacial differences. Retrospective, observational cohort study. Tertiary children’s hospital. Eight hundred and eighty newborns receiving care between 2014 and 2022 were included in the study sample for longitudinal assessment of appointment adherence. Participants were included if they had a cleft-related diagnosis, were scheduled for an initial speech evaluation between 1 and 3 years old, were scheduled for follow-up speech evaluations between 3 and 6 years old, and had demographic, diagnostic, and clinical data in their charts. Variables of interest included demographic data, diagnostic criteria, insurance data, distance to clinic, speech/resonance characteristics, hard/soft palate integrity, and surgical data. Chi-square analyses, independent sample t-tests, and descriptive statistics were conducted to identify characteristics of those who attended appointments and those who did not. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors predictive of appointment adherence over time. A total of 66.9% of patients attended the initial speech evaluation. A total of 50.6% of participants adhered to follow-up appointments. Distance to clinic ( P = .018), insurance type ( P < .001), and cleft type ( P < .001) influenced initial speech evaluation attendance. For follow-up appointment adherence, cleft type ( P < .001) was the strongest predictor pre-pandemic, while severity of velopharyngeal function ( P = .037) strongly predicted adherence during the pandemic. Appointment adherence is multifactorial and driven by geographic, demographic, and clinical variables. Identifying barriers to care may improve appointment adherence for those with speech/resonance needs and prevent patients from being lost to follow-up.
The use of a decision-making tool to optimise physiotherapy practice for patients following chest trauma: Impact on patient and hospital outcomes
Authors: Calthorpe Sara , Webb Melissa J , Kimmel Lara A 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Physiotherapy management for patients with blunt chest wall trauma is key for improving respiratory and functional status. Utilising a physiotherapy-specific treatment decision-making pathway, based on risk assessment, may optimise resource use and improve patient-based outcomes. Methods Patients with blunt chest trauma admitted to the trauma ward of a level 1 trauma centre were triaged utilising the STUMBL score (a risk assessment tool specific for blunt chest trauma) and managed as per a treatment algorithm whereby high-risk patients received intensive physiotherapy. Demographic data were described and analysis of patient and hospital outcomes was undertaken comparing the low and high risk groups. A regression analysis was completed to review the association between the groups and length of stay (LOS), taking into account confounding factors. Results Over the 10-month period beginning in November 2020, there were 539 patients admitted following chest trauma of which 333 (62%) were stratified as high-risk. These high-risk patients were older, more likely to be frail and live alone and more likely to have an ICU admission. There was a similar rate of discharge home across both groups ( p = 0.55) and there was no difference between groups in the hospital LOS of patients after accounting for the confounders. Conclusion Utilising a physiotherapy decision-making algorithm based on risk assessment can facilitate the targeting of high-risk patients to receive intensive physiotherapy. This high-risk group showed similar rates of discharge home despite being a more frail, elderly population with a greater ICU admission rate. The algorithm was easy to use and may be an avenue for improved resource utilisation.
Endovascular laser fenestration of a frozen elephant trunk stent graft for treatment of chronic cerebral malperfusion
Authors: Shi Richard , Zeigler Sanford Manning , Wooster Mathew David 
Published: January 2025

Objectives Mal-deployment of the thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) stent graft during a frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure for an acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) leads to devastating complications. We report a hemiarch replacement with TEVAR stent graft covering the aortic arch vessels salvaged through an endovascular approach. Methods A 69-year-old man with ATAAD in 2018, status post-hemiarch repair with TEVAR, presented in 2023 with progressive dizziness/syncope and lower extremity hypertension with inability to tolerate anti-hypertensives. A CT scan revealed TEVAR stent graft coverage of the brachiocephalic, left common carotid (LCA), and left subclavian artery (LSA), with retrograde flow into the arch vessels through a false lumen fed by a dissection fenestration at the aortic bifurcation. Given an elevated peri-operative death and stroke risk with an open arch revision, we performed an in situ anterograde laser fenestration of his FET with LCA and LSA stenting via the Culotte technique. Results On 1 year follow-up, the patient’s dizziness has resolved, and he has maintained normotension via anti-hypertensives. Conclusion Laser fenestration and the Culotte technique can be used to salvage a TEVAR causing coverage of the arch vessels, showing that endovascular techniques can be a safe alternative for rescuing mal-positioned FETs.
Isolation of a Lauryl Alcohol (1-Dodecanol) from the Antioxidant Bioactive Fractions of Justicia insularis (Acanthaceae) Leaves
Authors: Umoh Romanus Asuquo , Asanga Edet Effiong , Thomas Paul Sunday , Umoh Uwemedimo Francis , Johnny Imoh Imeh , Essiett Uduak Aniesua , Eseyin Olorunfemi Abraham , Joseph Akaninyene 
Published: January 2025

Background Scientific and ethnopharmacological studies have shown that Justicia insularis leaves are used in the treatment of oxidative stress, heart problems, labour pains, and dysmenorrhoea. Therefore, this study was geared towards the investigation of the antioxidant claims of this plant leaves as well as the isolation and characterization of the components responsible for its antioxidant activities. Method The leaves of the plant were collected, air-dried, pulverized, and subjected to successive extraction with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol for 72 h; thereafter, the fractions were subjected to in vitro antioxidant assays. The dichloromethane fraction (10 g) that had the best activity underwent thin layer and column chromatography, and the eluents were characterized with spectroscopic techniques (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and EI-MS). Results The results obtained showed that the dichloromethane fraction had the best activity in all the assays except for the DPPH-radical scavenging assay. The chromatographic analyses yielded three oily sub-fractions (F1, F7, F8) and one pure compound (JID2) identified as lauryl alcohol (1-dodecanol). The GC-MS analysis of the oils revealed the presence of 1-Nonadecene, 1-Heneicosanol, Octacosanol, phytol, 1,54-dibromo-tetrapentacontane, 1-Eicosanol, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 2-methyltetracosane, and 2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-Phenol with already reported pharmacological activities. Conclusion The high levels of antioxidant activity seen in this study could be exclusively attributed to 1-dodecanol or to its beneficial interactions with other substances. (Word counts: 210)
Mortality and functional outcomes in elderly adults treated surgically by hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures
Authors: Ratanpal Ankush , Kamath Katapadi Ramachandra , Salian Preetham Raj V , Baliga Saiprasad Sarvothama , Annappa Rajendra , Banerjee Sayak 
Published: January 2025

Background: Despite multiple studies, less recent literature and data regarding the mortality associated with hip fractures in the elderly population are available. Objectives: To assess the mortality data and functional outcomes of patients who underwent cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty in femoral neck fractures. To evaluate if preoperative (minimum 2 months) calcium and vitamin D supplement intake in patients affects postoperative mobilization with or without walker support. Methods: All patients aged 65 and above who underwent hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in our tertiary care center were included. Postoperative functional outcomes were determined using the Modified Harris Hip score and Oxford Hip score at 3, 6, and 12 months. The mortality of the procedures was assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months. Individuals who took both calcium and vitamin D supplements for at least 2 months before surgery were divided into two groups: those who did not take supplements and those who did. Results: We studied 110 patients above the age of 65 years. The postoperative mortality rate at 3, 6 months and 1 year postoperatively was found to be 3.6%, 4.7%, and 15.5% respectively. Functional outcomes were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively using modified Harris Hip score and Oxford Hip score and were found to be identical in both cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty groups. Patients who took calcium and vitamin D supplements preoperatively (minimum 2 months) could walk without support at the end of 1-year post-surgery. Conclusion: Early surgery and early mobilization should be the main aim of treatment for femoral neck fractures.
An immersive virtual reality exergame as a patient education approach in fibromyalgia: Pilot study
Authors: Bardelli Cassandra Lucia , Chittaro Luca , Longhino Simone , Quartuccio Luca 
Published: January 2025

Background Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) has been applied in pain management for various conditions, but its use in fibromyalgia (FM) remains underexplored. While physical activity plays a role in treating FM, patients’ low tolerance often limits its effectiveness. After reviewing the literature on VR and games for FM, we designed a novel VR exergame to assist FM patients in performing physical activity, and evaluate its feasibility. Materials and Methods This pilot study involved three female subjects with FM and four healthy female volunteers. The main outcomes included qualitative assessments of exertion, pain levels, psychological states experienced during the VR session, but also device comfort. Results Improvements in perceived exertion and pain intensity were observed during the VR exergame session in comparison to pre-exergame levels, along with a reduction in depression, stress and anxiety levels while using the VR immersive system. Most participants experienced also increase of relaxation and positive emotions during the exergame. Only one participant was not able to complete all levels of the exergame due to musculoskeletal pain exacerbation; nevertheless, this patient reported an improvement in motivation and enjoyment during the gameplay. Many participants expressed a greater motivation to perform the exercises in the VR environment compared to traditional training methods. Conclusion The proposed VR exergame is a feasible system that might reduce depression, stress and anxiety, while boosting motivation and relaxation in both healthy and FM subjects. A calibration protocol is required to tailor the system to each user's pain levels and physical abilities.
Linking multiple-channel information seeking and lifestyle among Chinese older adults: A moderation and mediation analysis
Authors: Li Qingrui , Wu Yifang , Zhao Xinshu 
Published: January 2025

Background Healthy lifestyle improvement of older Chinese adults has drawn a lot of attention due to an exceeding ageing population in mainland China. The current study aims to investigate the beneficial functions of the multi-channel health information seeking on elders’ lifestyle self-management. Objective We conducted a mediation analysis to test the association between multi-channel information seeking behavior and lifestyle self-management, which mediates by perceived self-management competence. Meanwhile, we also test the moderation effect of perceived self-management competence on lifestyle management with motivation for health promotion and prevention as the moderator. Methods To examine this mediation and moderation effects, we conducted a quota sampling online survey in mainland China from June 11 to October 12, 2023. The final sample size was 898 Chinese respondents aged 60 or above, with 54.5% male. Results Health information seeking using the mHealth app ( bp = .03, 95% CI: [.005, .055]) and social media ( bp = .06, 95% CI: [.031, .086]) is positively associated with lifestyle self-management through perceived self-management competence. While broadcast media ( bp = .01, 95% CI: [−.015, .040]), print media ( bp = .01, 95% CI: [−.015, .026]), and search engine ( bp = .02, 95% CI: [−.006, .043]) show no significant impact on lifestyle management. Furthermore, health promotion and prevention motivation shows a positive moderation effect on perceived self-management competence and lifestyle management. Conclusions Our findings show evidence supporting a cognitive mechanism of moderated mediation that links seeking health information to improve LSM in older Chinese adults. It is essential for health self-education and health promotion among older Chinese adults.
eHealth, digital information and technology use of men with prostate cancer
Authors: Jackson Stuart R , Yu Paul , Sowter Steven , Occhipinti Stefano , Chambers Suzanne , Leslie Scott , Patel Manish I 
Published: January 2025

Background The investigation of digital information sources and technologies specifically used by men with prostate cancer is scarce. This study seeks to address current gaps in the literature by investigating prostate cancer–specific internet and technology use by men with prostate cancer and factors associated with this use. Methods Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in three Australian urology clinics (local in Sydney, Western Sydney and Murrumbidgee) in 2023. Data analysis included descriptive and bivariate analysis. Chi square tests of independence, Mann–Whitney U tests and Fischer exact tests were used to assess demographic, prostate cancer-specific and psychometric variables with prostate cancer-specific usage of each website, social media and technology type. Results A total of 349 men responded. Mean age of respondents was 69.6 years (SD 7.8). 74.5% ( n = 260) had undergone radical prostatectomy, while 10% ( n = 35) reported locally advanced/metastatic disease. Information websites were used by 77.7% ( n = 271) of men. Social media was used by 37% ( n = 129), and total internet use was 79.1% ( n = 276). Younger age, higher education and higher income were commonly associated with a greater extent of use of information source and technology types. High variability in usage and factor association was demonstrated between and within analysed group categories. Conclusions Men with prostate cancer use a broad variety of digital information sources and technologies to access prostate cancer information at a higher rate than ever before. This work stresses the significant variability in the extent of use which men demonstrate among these resources and the factors which may play a role in this behaviour.
The Effect of Denosumab on Pain and Radiological Improvement in Giant Cell Tumours of the Spine in the Acute Setting
Authors: Beresford-Cleary Nicolas , Dandurand Charlotte , Mawhinney Gerard , Kaiser Radek , Alageel Musab , Reynolds Jeremy 
Published: January 2025

Study Design Retrospective Cohort Study. Objectives The current recommended treatment for Giant Cell Tumour (GCT) of the spine is en bloc excision. Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody reducing osteoclast activity that shows promising results when used as a neo – adjuvant treatment. However, the current literature remains limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of denosumab on tumour characteristics and symptom relief in the acute phase of treatment of spinal GCT. Methods We performed a retrospective review of 16 patients treated with denosumab as neo-adjuvant and stand - alone treatment. MRI and PET tumour characteristics were taken before and after treatment and patients were interviewed for subjective pain responses. Results Following treatment, all patients showed improvement of pain, of which 68.7% of patients were pain free with 43.75% noting improvement within 48 hours. Mean relative volumetric reduction in tumour volume was 37.3% ( P < .001). Eight patients showed high grade of Bilsky classification (Epidural spinal cord compression scale - ESCC) with seven of them showing significant improvement to low grade of ESCC ( P = .016). Median baseline PET Standardised Uptake Value (SUV)max was 14.57 and post treatment was 4.8 ( P < .001). Conclusions This study provides necessary insight to the limited literature on the use of denosumab for spinal GCT in the acute phase. The clinical and radiographic responses observed demonstrate the critical role that neo-adjuvant denosumab has by reducing the tumour burden around critical adjacent neurovascular structures before eventual resection, significant pain improvement even with presence of fractured vertebra.
Comprehending the effect of printing orientation on the mechanical performance of polyamide-reinforced carbon fibre composites
Authors: Mohd Radzuan Nabilah Afiqah , Mohd Foudzi Farhana , Sulong Abu Bakar , Furjan M 
Published: January 2025

Numerous studies have investigated polymeric composites fabricated using fused deposition modelling. However, the mechanical performance of these composites, which is influenced by various factors, including materials and printing parameters, remains unknown. Further understanding these factors helps improve the accuracy of mechanical performance predictions. Therefore, this study fabricates in-house polyamide reinforced with carbon fibre at a composition of 20 wt.% and controls its printing parameters, including layer height and printing orientations. Results indicated that controlling the orientation at a 0° angle are the most crucial factor compared to layer height, which leads to a maximum flexural strength of ∼21 MPa due to improvements in load-bearing capacity and adhesion bonding between the fibre and matrix.
Failure to repair damaged NAD(P)H blocks de novo serine synthesis in human cells
Authors: Walvekar Adhish S. , Warmoes Marc , Cheung Dean , Sikora Tim , Seyedkatouli Najmesadat , Gomez-Giro Gemma , Perrone Sebastian , Dengler Lisa , Unger François , Santos Bruno F. R. , Gavotto Floriane , Dong Xiangyi , Becker-Kettern Julia , Kwon Yong-Jun , Jäger Christian , Schwamborn Jens C. , Van Bergen Nicole J. , Christodoulou John , Linster Carole L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Metabolism is error prone. For instance, the reduced forms of the central metabolic cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), can be converted into redox-inactive products, NADHX and NADPHX, through enzymatically catalyzed or spontaneous hydration. The metabolite repair enzymes NAXD and NAXE convert these damaged compounds back to the functional NAD(P)H cofactors. Pathogenic loss-of-function variants in NAXE and NAXD lead to development of the neurometabolic disorders progressive, early-onset encephalopathy with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy (PEBEL)1 and PEBEL2, respectively.

Methods
To gain insights into the molecular disease mechanisms, we investigated the metabolic impact of NAXD deficiency in human cell models. Control and NAXD-deficient cells were cultivated under different conditions, followed by cell viability and mitochondrial function assays as well as metabolomic analyses without or with stable isotope labeling. Enzymatic assays with purified recombinant proteins were performed to confirm molecular mechanisms suggested by the cell culture experiments.

Results
HAP1 NAXD knockout (NAXDko) cells showed growth impairment specifically in a basal medium containing galactose instead of glucose. Surprisingly, the galactose-grown NAXDko cells displayed only subtle signs of mitochondrial impairment, whereas metabolomic analyses revealed a strong inhibition of the cytosolic, de novo serine synthesis pathway in those cells as well as in NAXD patient-derived fibroblasts. We identified inhibition of 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase as the root cause for this metabolic perturbation. The NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) and inosine exerted beneficial effects on HAP1 cell viability under galactose stress, with more pronounced effects in NAXDko cells. Metabolomic profiling in supplemented cells indicated that NR and inosine act via different mechanisms that at least partially involve the serine synthesis pathway.

Conclusions
Taken together, our study identifies a metabolic vulnerability in NAXD-deficient cells that can be targeted by small molecules such as NR or inosine, opening perspectives in the search for mechanism-based therapeutic interventions in PEBEL disorders.

Graphical Abstract