bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomic variation of celiac axis and hepatic artery as evidenced in multidetector computed tomography in patients at tertiary care center in Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Dinesh , Sherpa Ngawang , Kharel Amrit , Gyawali Sushila 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: There are many potential anatomic configurations of celiac axis and hepatic artery. Michel’s classified hepatic arterial variations in 10 categories. Knowledge about these variations in patient is invaluable before surgery. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) can accurately depict the vascular anatomy of celiac axis and hepatic artery non-invasively. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of different types of anatomical variation of celiac axis and hepatic artery in patients undergoing multiphase CT.
Method: Cross-sectional, prospective study was done in Department of Radiology, Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences. MDCT of abdomen of 178 patients with arterial phase images done between December 2021 and March 2022 were evaluated for arterial anatomy of celiac axis and hepatic artery. Arterial anatomy was categorized according to Michel’s classification. Prevalence of each variant anatomy and gender wise prevalence were calculated.
Results: CT scans of 178 patients were evaluated out of which 94 were male and 84 were female. Among these individuals 133 (74.7%) had normal anatomy (Type I) and 45 (25.3%) had some sort of variant anatomy. Type III was commonest type of variant anatomy seen in 18 (10.1%) individuals. We found 6(3.4%) individuals with the anatomy other than classified by Michel.
Conclusion: There are multiple variation in of celiac axis and hepatic artery anatomy in our population. Knowledge of such anatomical variation will be of great importance for surgeon and interventional radiologist for planning of surgical or vascular procedures and to prevent vascular complication.
Analysis of cesarean section using Robson’s criteria in tertiary care center
Authors: Gurung Padma , Malla Sameer , Lama Sushma , Pradhan Malla Anagha , RC Laxmi 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: This study aims to analyze all the women delivering in our institute according to the Robson’s classification. Robson’s ten group classification system (TGCS) endorsed by WHO, is a global standard tool for assessing, monitoring and comparing cesarean section rates at all levels.
Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Patan hospital, Patan academy of health sciences (PAHS), Lalitpur, Nepal over 12 months’ period. All women who delivered during this period were classified according to the Robson’s classification (TGCS) into a specific group. Relative size and overall cesarean section rate of each group were calculated.
Result: A total of 4,985 cases were analyzed. The cesarean section rate was 57.7%. Group 1+2 represented nearly half (49%) of the obstetric population served during the study period. Group 2A was found to be the highest contributor (27.4%) followed by Group 5 (22.8%) and Group 1 (13.0%). In terms of indication for cesarean section -Fetal distress and previous cesarean section were found to be the most common indications. Similarly, nulliparous women were three to four times more likely to be delivered by cesarean section when labor was induced.
Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that for an effective reduction in the overall high cesarean section rate in our Institution, we need to focus on a more stringent protocol for inducing labor especially among nulliparous women and to practice evidence based guidelines. Redefining failed induction needs to be considered critically as well.
The Effectiveness of Audio Visual Media to Increase Student’s Knowledge About the Concept of Thermoregulation
Authors: Jamariah Siti , Amir Yufitriana , Utami Sri 
Published: March 2023

The Covid 19 pandemic has caused major changes in all aspects of life, one of which is education. Audio visual media are learning media needed during the Covid 19 pandemic. The human senses have different percentage levels in receiving information. The sense of sight and the sense of hearing have a percentage of 50 Percent in receiving information. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of audio visual media to increase students' knowledge about the concept of thermoregulation. The research method used is quasy experiment with pretest posttest design with control group. The research sample amounted to 34 people who were divided into 17 experimental groups who were given audio visual and powerpoint and 17 control groups who were given powerpoints taken based on inclusion criteria with random sampling technique. This research instrument uses a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis using the Dependent T Test and Mann Whitney. The results of this study indicate that the average level of knowledge in the experimental group was 82.06 and in the control group was 68.53 with P Value of 0.004 Less than a 0.05. Statistically there is an effect of effective audio visual media on increasing student knowledge about the concept of thermoregulation.
Effectiveness of Video Education in Efforts to Prevent Diarrhea in Class 3 Children at Madrasah Hasyim Asyari Pulosari Tulungagung
Authors: Aqlina Dewi Shuwaibatul , Suryani Pudji , Saputra Dimas Dwi Yoga 
Published: March 2023

Diarrhea is a disease based on environment and hygiene. Therefore, there is a need for education that can accelerate the increase of knowledge effectively through electronic media, namely video. This study aims to determine changes in the level of knowledge about prevention of diarrhea in grade 3 children before and after education using video media. This study has a sample of 30 respondents in Madrasah Hasyim Asyari RT 02 RW 19 Pulosari Village, Ngunut District, Tulungagung Regency, the research was carried out on 18 and 20 March 2022. The research instrument used a questionnaire to examine data on diarrhea prevention, the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Singned Test. rank test. The results showed that the knowledge of respondents in the good category increased from 0 Percent before treatment to 100 Percent, while the knowledge of respondents in the moderate category decreased from 26.66 Percent before treatment to 0 Percent after treatment. The results of data analysis showed that there was an effectiveness of health education using video media on knowledge of diarrhea prevention in grade 3 children of Madrasah Hasyim Asyari, p value 0.00 which means there was an increase in knowledge of diarrhea prevention in children using video media. The conclusion is that there is an increase in children's knowledge about diarrhea prevention after attending education using video media. Video education media can be used as an alternative teaching material for teachers to students to improve health information
The epidemiology of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior, a non-systematic narrative review
Authors: Darin E. V. , Zaitseva O. G. 
Published: March 2023

Вackground: Non-suicidal self-injury, as a type of auto-aggression, is a widespread behavioral problem among adolescents. Researchers have noted an increase in the number of self-harm in recent years.The aim of the work: to conduct a narrative review of the scientific literature on the epidemiology of auto-aggression and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior.Method:The article presents a narrative review of domestic and foreign literature on the epidemiology of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI). Articles were selected and analyzed in the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, Elibrary.ru, Scopus. To obtain basic information, publications from 2015 to 2022 were used, in international medical journals, as well as relevant references in the reference lists of the analyzed sources. At the same time, early publications on the subject were included for general information, definitions, and historical hindsight. The search was conducted using various variations of the specified keywords.Results: NSSI is most common in adolescents and young adults, and the age of onset has been reported to be most common between 12 and 14 years of age. There is no unambiguously accurate estimate of the prevalence of NSSI, when studying the literature, the prevalence is estimated to be in a wide range from 7.5 to 46.5% among adolescents. According to foreign meta-analyses, at present the average percentage of adolescents who have resorted to self-harm is from 16.9% to 19.5% and tends to increase. The prevalence of the phenomenon has increased greatly with the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic.Conclusion: Auto-aggressive behavior, self-injurious behavior, and non-suicidal self-harm are now common among adolescents. It should be noted that the prevalence rates of this phenomenon remain insufficiently studied and are presented by studies for Western countries, there is still a lack of data in studies of the adolescent population of the Russian Federation due to the low level of knowledge of the phenomenon in the country.
A dimensional approach to assessing delirium in COVID-19 in the elderly
Authors: Pashkovskiy V. E. , Petrova N. N. , Sivashova M. S. , Vuks A. Ya. , Prokopovich G. A. 
Published: March 2023

The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of delirium in elderly patients with different outcomes of coronavirus infection.Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on the basis of Hospital for War Veterans, St. Petersburg. The study involved 30 patients: 13 male and 17 female (median age (Med) 70.5, interquartile range (IQR) 62-83) with clinical diagnosis: "New coronavirus infection COVID-19 (PCR+), F05.86 other delirium in association with other viral and bacterial neuroinfections. Peculiarities of delirium manifestations were studied using Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98). Current physical condition was monitored using The National Early Warning Score (NEWS2) for COVID-19.Results: All patients had moderate to severe disorders of the wake-sleep cycle on the DRS-R-98 scale. In addition, perceptual and long-term memory impairments were common. A significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between the severity of the physical condition and disorders of the sleep-wake cycle, lability of affect, formal thought disorders, motor agitation, and disorientation. In addition, there were significant correlations (p<0.05) between delirium symptoms and physical status scores on the NEWS2 scale. In lethal patients, more pronounced disturbances were recorded on sleep-wake indicators (Med.3.0, IQR 2.0-3.0 vs Med.2.0, IQR 2.0-3.0, p=0.0327) and motor agitation (Med.2.0, IQR 1.0-2.5 vs Med.1.0, IQR 0.0-2.0, p=0.441). A logit regression model showed that the variables "respiratory rate," "heart rate," and the final NEWS2 score could be considered predictors of disease outcome.Conclusion. Delirium, one of the most frequent manifestations of acute brain dysfunction, is a serious complication of COID-19 in hospitalized patients and a strong predictor of adverse outcome of coronavirus infection in older patients.
SANKSI PIDANA MINIMUM KHUSUS DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DITINJAU DARI SUDUT PANDANG KEADILAN
Authors: Ihsan Reza Noor , Ifrani Ifrani 
Published: March 2023

Penjatuhan pidana dibawah sanksi pidana minimum khusus dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi, dimana penjatuhan pidana dibawah sanksi pidana minimum khusus dalam tindak pidana korupsi pada dasarnya tidak dapat dibenarkan berdasarkan keadilan hukum, karena pada dasarnya keadilan hukum berorientasikan kepada asas legalitas itu sendiri sebagai tolak ukur dalam menjatuhkan pidananya, akan tetapi pidana yang berada dibawah sanksi pidana minimum khusus dalam undang-undang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi dapat dikatakan bersesuaian dengan asas keadilan bilamana ditinjau pada sisi keadilan menurut hakim dan bagi terdakwa, karena tindak pidana korupsi merupakan tindak pidana yang hanya dapat dilihat case by case apabila memenuhi kriteria – kriteria tertentu yang didukung oleh bukti, dan pertimbangan hukum yang sistematis, jelas dan logis serta penerapannya hanya bersifat kasuistis dan tidak berlaku umum, serta dalam penjatuhan pidana itu harus memuat unsur yuridis, sosiologis, filosofis serta manfaat yang didapat dari diadakannya penjatuhan pidana itu dalam kaitannya pada pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi. Kedua, Pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan pemidanaan berkaitan dengan Tindak Pidana Korupsi memuat pertimbangan yang bersifat yuridis dan non yuridis, serta hal-hal yang memberatkan dan hal-hal yang meringankan.
Gobernanza forestal en México desde la perspectiva del análisis estructural
Authors: Rosales Andrés González , León Carlos Israel Vázquez , Ortiz-Paniagua Carlos Francisco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Forest governance is a process influenced by a variety of conditions and factors. This article examines the features and conditions that promote forestry governance in Los Azufres, Mexico, subject to forest exploitation through community management units (ejidos and communities). The research question is: What are the characteristics and conditions that determine how forest governance is established and prevails? The study involved a survey and adaptation of the MICMAC structural analysis method. Therefore, 12 variables are determinants of forest governance, and three of these, participation, timber, and forest, were most prevalent. The findings serve as a reference for policies to promote forest governance.
Resumen
La gobernanza forestal es un proceso en el que influyen diversas condiciones y factores. Este artículo examina las características y condiciones que promueven la gobernanza forestal en la región Los Azufres, México, sujeta a explotación forestal a través de unidades de manejo comunitario (ejidos y comunidades). La pregunta de investigación es: ¿cuáles son las características y condiciones determinantes para que la gobernanza forestal sea establecida y prevalezca? El estudio incluyó una encuesta y adaptación del método de análisis estructural MICMAC. Identificamos 12 variables determinantes de la gobernanza forestal, y tres de ellas, participación, madera y bosque, fueron más prevalentes. Las conclusiones sirven de referencia para las políticas de promoción de la gobernanza forestal.

Résumé
La gouvernance forestière est un processus influencé par une variété de conditions et de facteurs. Cet article examine les spécificités et les conditions qui promeuvent la gouvernance forestière à Los Azufres au Mexique, objet d'une exploitation forestière à travers des unités de gestion communautaires (ejidos et communautés). La question de recherche posée est la suivante : Quelles sont les caractéristiques et conditions qui déterminent comment la gouvernance forestière est définie et prévaut ? L'étude inclut une enquête et l'adaptation de la méthode d'analyse structurelle MICMAC. Par conséquent, douze variables sont des déterminants de la gouvernance forestière et trois d'entre elles, la participation, le bois et la forêt étaient les plus répandues. Les résultats servent de référence pour les politiques de promotion de la gouvernance forestière.
Differential method for determining the specific absorption rate coefficient of electromagnetic energy for a liquid phantom
Authors: Rano D. , Yelizarov A. A. , Nazarov I. V. , Skuridin A. A. , Zakirova E. A. 
Published: March 2023

The wide use of small-sized wearable electronic devices in various practical human activities makes it relevant to measure the proportion of electromagnetic energy absorbed by the human body. One of the most important parameters that determines it is the specific absorption rate. In this article we propose a method for determining this coefficient for a liquid phantom, with the use of computer simulation and experimental measurement of the microstrip patch antenna parameters.The antenna is located on an elliptical cylinder and operates in the medical body area network. The method is based on measuring the rise in temperature of the liquid phantom exposed to electromagnetic waves generated by a microstrip antenna over a given time. Homogeneous liquid phantom was created by changing the percentage of salt and sugar in 250 g of water, skin phantom – by changing the percentage of water in 200 g of glycerol. The proposed specific absorption rate measurement method eliminates the need to purchase an expensive set of dielectric probes, which demonstrates its cost-effectiveness. The obtained results of experimental measurements are in good agreement with the results of the performed computer simulation.
IMPLEMENTASI TRIPLE HELIX DALAM MENINGKATKAN COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE INDUSTRI KREATIF
Authors: Octoviani Aniza 
Published: March 2023

Kemajuan dan kekayaan sebuah negara bukan hanya diukur berdasarkan kuantitas sumber daya alam yang dimiliki tetapi kualitas sumber daya manusia yang kreatif dalam upaya pembangunan masyarakat dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan. Sehingga untuk meningkatkan competitive advantage bertumpu pada kemampuan berinovasi dari berbagai pihak pada beragam dimensi. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa pengembangan inovasi dalam meningkatkan competitive advantage, menuntut hubungan antara dua pihak atau lebih, yaitu hubungan antara universitas, industri, dan pemerintah yang disebut triple helix.
Strategi Target Pasar Pada Produk Custom Acrylic di Kota Bandung
Authors: Firdaus Ridwan Tho At , Sabila Silsi , Yuniarsih Yuyun 
Published: March 2023

Tujuan suatu perusahaan akan tercapai jika memiliki strategi pemasaran yang efektif. Pendekatan pemasaran yang umum adalah dalam hal stratrgi pemasaran yang di dalmnya ada bauran pemasaran, (produk, harga, lokasi, promosi, orang, proses, dan bukti fisik). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan bauran pemasaran (7P) dalam pemasaran produk Custom Arcrylik Bandung, serta untuk mengidentifikasi batasan pemasaran untuk produk Custom Arcrylik Bandung. Penelitian studi kasus sebagai sumber data (tempat dan kertas). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui purposive sampling. Observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Peneliti, pedoman wawancara, dan catatan lapangan merupakan instrumen penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu analisis deskriptif dari hasil wawancara, dengan menggunakan kerangka teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sebagai metode keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan triangulasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji kredibilitas (triangulasi sumber dan teknik), Custom Arcrylik Bandung memenuhi unsur-unsur bauran pemasaran (Marketing Mix) dalam setiap proses pemasaran barang-barang Arcrylik.
HUKUM PERCERAIAN DISEBABKAN OLEH LI’AN
Authors: Faizin Faizin 
Published: March 2023

According to Islamic law, the despair and the end of a marriage in a conjugal situation can occur at the instance of her husband through divorce. While the conclusion of a marriage is the will of the husband and wife can occur through curses, that the oath taken spouses in which there is the curse of God if the statement is not true with respect to his vow husband alleged that his wife had committed adultery with another man. The allegations in the absence of witnesses, as required for the issue of adultery four witnesses. My husband Saw his wife admitted having sexual relations with another person, whereas witness Saw the act of adultery, the wife or husband denies and says that for several months did not have sexual relations with a variety of reasons. Under the provisions of article 162 is a common thread that can be taken by the husband and wife do li'an each other, then there was a break between them for ever. Children conceived following his mother.Menurut syari’at Islam, putus asa dan berakhirnya suatu perkahwinan dalam keadaan suami-istri dapat terjadi atas kehendak suami melalui talak. Sedangkan berakhirnya suatu perkawinan atas kehendak suami juga isteri dapat terjadi melalui li’an, yaitu sumpah yang dilakukan suami atau isteri yang didalamnya terdapat pernyataan sikap dilaknat Allah jika sumpahnya tidak benar sehubungan dengan tuduhan suami bahwa isterinya telah berbuat zina dengan laki-laki lain.Tuduhan itu tanpa kehadiran saksi, seperti disyaratkan untuk masalah perzinaan yaitu empat orang saksi. Suami mengaku menyaksikan isterinya melakukan hubungan seksual dengan orang lain, sebagailayaknya saksi menyaksikan perbuatan zina, atau suami mengingkari kandungan isterinya dan mengatakan bahwa selama sekian bulan tidak pernah melakukan hubungan seksual dengan berbagai alasan. Berdasarkan ketentuan pasal 162 tersebut dapat diambil benang merah bahwa suami-isteri saling melakukan li’an, maka terjadilah perpisahan antara keduanya untuk selama-lamanya. Anak yang dikandung dimasabkan kepada ibunya
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR SOSIAL TERHADAP IJTIHAD ABU BAKAR AL-SHIDDIQ
Authors: Hamzah Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abu Bakar, a caliph which is very close to the Messenger and those who believe, first of all among adults. His Ijtihad (struggle) is very influential on the development of religious Muslims at the time. Because of to the strength and solidarity of Muslims at that time, Muslims still exist, as in the time of the Prophet of Islam, even in certain areas there is progress and a significant advantage which was inspired by some of his brilliant effort. Review of various aspects of leadership, can work well, because it was driven by a very admirable character that he had with the Muslim countries. Abu Bakar seorang khalifah yang sangat dekat dengan Rasul dan termasuk orang yang pertama sekali beriman dari kalangan orang dewasa. Ijtihad-ijtihad beliau sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan keagamaan umat Islam pada saat itu. Berkat keteguhan dan kebersamaan umat Islam pada saat itu, umat Islam tetap eksis, sebagaimana Islam di masa Rasul, bahkan pada bidang tertentu terdapat kemajuan dan keunggulan yang sangat berarti yang diilhami oleh beberapa ijtihad brilian beliau. Kepemimpinannya ditinjau dari berbagai aspek, bisa berjalan dengan baik, karena dimotori oleh karakter yang sangat terpuji yang beliau miliki plus kekompakannya dengan warga negara Islam.
HUKUM ISLAM SEBAGAI REVOLUSIONER DAN EGALITER DALAM KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL
Authors: Arzam Arzam 
Published: March 2023

The law of pre-Islamic pagan racist, feudal and patriarchal, Islamic appear to bring changes to the character of law as opposed to pagan law. Islam teaches equality is reflected in the principles and laws as well as the behavior of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers who want the egalitarian life. Quraish against Islam conflict is closely linked to the religious aspect and the social aspect is a counter to the egalitarian system of Islamic law. And by implication, the understanding of Islamic law must be followed by the realization that Islamic law has egalitarian character and it is a social change of the law that are not egalitarian Jahiliyyah be egalitarian Islamic law Hukum Jahiliyyah pra-Islam yang rasialis, feodal dan patriarkhis, Islam lahir dan muncul dengan membawa perubahan hukum dengan karakter yang bertolak belakang dengan hukum Jahiliyyah. Islam mengajarkan kesetaraan yang tergambar dari prinsip-prinsip dan hukum-hukumnya serta perilaku Nabi Muhamad Saw beserta para pengikutnya yang menghendaki adanya kehidupan egaliter. Pertentangan Quraisy terhadap Islam yang berkaitan erat dengan aspek keagamaan dan aspek sosial merupakan suatu kontra terhadap sistem hukum Islam yang egaliter. Dan sebagai implikasinya, pemahaman terhadap hukum Islam harus diikuti dengan kesadaran bahwa hukum Islam itu memiliki karakter egaliter dan hal tersebut merupakan sebuah perubahan social dari hukum Jahiliyyahyang tidak egaliter menjadi hukum Islam yang egaliter.