bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Patient-Reported Outcomes Reporting in Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Biswas Sonali , Mullikin Alexandria , Phillips Brett T. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) provide essential information in reconstructive surgery, where interventions center on patients' functional and aesthetic goals. Although multiple patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been validated for breast reconstruction since 2009, no studies have assessed recent frequency and consistency in use. This study aims to characterize recent trends in inclusion of PROs in recent breast reconstruction literature.

Methods
Articles published between 2015 and 2021 pertaining to autologous and/or prosthetic breast reconstruction in Annals of Plastic Surgery and Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery were considered in a scoping review. Original breast reconstruction articles were reviewed for use of PROMs and characteristics of administration in accordance with PRISMA-Scr guidelines. Previously defined scoping review criteria were considered, including PROM used, timeline of collection, and topics addressed, with trends in frequency and consistency of usage assessed over the designated period.

Results
Of the 877 articles reviewed and 232 articles included, 24.6% reported using any PROM. The majority used BREAST-Q (n = 42, 73.7%), with the remainder being institutional surveys or previously validated questionnaires. Patient-reported outcomes were most often collected retrospectively (n = 20, 64.9%) and postoperatively (n = 33, 57.9%). The average time point of postoperative survey administration was 16.03 months (SD, 19.185 months). χ2 Analysis revealed no significant association between the numbers of articles, including PROMs and the year (P = 0.1047).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that only one-fourth of breast reconstruction articles report the use of PROMs with no interval increase over recent years. Patient-reported outcome measures were predominantly used retrospectively and postoperatively with notable variation in timing of administration. The findings highlight the need for improved frequency and consistency of PROM collection and reporting, as well as for further exploration into barriers and facilitators of PROM use.
Long-term Outcome of Asymptomatic Patients With Graft Fibrosis in Protocol Biopsies After Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Hartleif Steffen , Hodson James , Lloyd Carla , Cousin Vladimir L. , Czubkowski Piotr , D’Antiga Lorenzo , Debray Dominique , Demetris Anthony , Di Giorgio Angelo , Evans Helen M. , Fischler Björn , Gonzales Emmanuel , Gouw Annette S.H. , Hübscher Stefan G. , Jacquemin Emmanuel , Lacaille Florence , Malenicka Silvia , McLin Valerie A. , Markiewicz-Kijewska Małgorzata , Mazariegos George V. , Rajanayagam Jeremy K. , Scheenstra René , Singer Stephan , Smets Françoise , Sokal Etienne , Squires James E. , Sturm Ekkehard , Verkade Henkjan , Kelly Deirdre A. ,   on behalf of the Graft Injury Group (GIG)
Published: May 2023

Background.
The histological prevalence of allograft fibrosis in asymptomatic children after liver transplantation (LT) is well documented. However, long-term graft and patient survival remain unclear. This retrospective multicenter study aims to determine the prevalence of allograft fibrosis and analyze the long-term outcome for patients transplanted in childhood.

Methods.
We reviewed clinical data of children who had undergone 10-y protocol liver biopsies. We excluded patients with autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatitis B or C, and retransplantation. In total, 494 patients transplanted in childhood across 12 international transplant centers were included. We evaluated the development of fibrosis by comparing the results with biopsies obtained 5 and 15 y post-LT. Histological findings were correlated with graft and patient survival up to 20 y post-LT.

Results.
In the 10-y biopsies, periportal or pericentral fibrosis was observed in 253 patients (51%), 87 (18%) had bridging fibrosis, 30 (6%) had cirrhosis, and 124 (25%) had no fibrosis. The prevalence and stage of graft fibrosis significantly progressed from 5 to 10 y. At 10 y, the severity of fibrosis correlated significantly with inflammation. Patients with graft cirrhosis in the 10-y biopsy were more likely to die or require retransplantation subsequently (P = 0.027).

Conclusions.
At 10 y post-LT, most patients transplanted in childhood developed fibrosis, based on the protocol liver biopsies. Although mild-to-moderate graft fibrosis did not largely affect patient or graft survival up to 20 y post-LT, this progressive fibrosis finding has substantial implications for developing cirrhosis and portal hypertension in adult care.
Treatment of a Snakebite Injury With Secondary Bacterial Infection
Authors: Sachett Jacqueline de Almeida Gonçalves , Vieira Samara Sousa Carvalho , Soares Frandison Gean Souza , Alcântara João Arthur , Carvalho Hanna Beatriz de Souza , da Silva Eliana Marques Gomes , da Silva Iran Mendonça , Monteiro Wuelton Marcelo 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Pit viper snakebites are challenging as they often cause tissue injury and secondary bacterial infection that may impair full recovery of the affected limb. We describe the evolution of a snakebite injury with secondary infection and the use of specialized dressings to achieve tissue repair and complete closure of the wound.

CASE:
Ms E., a 45-year-old woman, was bitten by a pit viper that began as a small lesion and progressed to necrosis, cellulitis, edema, and hyperemia of the perilesional skin, local inflammation, and infection. We implemented a combination of topical hydrogel therapy with calcium alginate and hydrofiber with 1.2% silver to promote autolytic debridement, combat local infection, and provide a moist wound environment. The wound required daily local treatment for 2 months due to extensive tissue damage, combined with the proteolytic action of the bothropic venom.

CONCLUSION:
The care of wounds caused by snakebites is a challenge for the health care team due to tissue loss resulting from the action of the venom and secondary bacterial infection. Close follow-up with the use of systemic antibiotics and topical therapies proved effective in minimizing tissue loss in this case.
Ensuring Safety While Achieving Beauty: An Evidence-Based Approach to Optimizing Mastectomy and Autologous Breast Reconstruction Outcomes in Patients with Obesity
Authors: Hassan Abbas M , Paidisetty Praneet , Ray Nicholas , Govande Janhavi V , Largo Rene D , Chu Carrie K , Mericli Alexander F , Schaverien Mark V , Clemens Mark W , Hanasono Matthew M , Chang Edward I , Butler Charles E , Garvey Patrick B , Selber Jesse C 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although obesity has previously been associated with poor outcomes after mastectomy and breast reconstruction, its impact across the WHO obesity classification spectrum and the differential effects of various optimization strategies on patient outcomes have yet to be delineated. We sought to examine the impact of WHO obesity classification on intraoperative surgical and medical complications, postoperative surgical and patient-reported outcomes of mastectomy and autologous breast reconstruction, and delineate outcomes optimization strategies for obese patients.

STUDY DESIGN:
This is a review of consecutive patients who underwent mastectomy and autologous breast reconstruction from 2016 to 2022. Primary outcomes were complication rates. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported outcomes and optimal management strategies.

RESULTS:
We identified 1,640 mastectomies and reconstructions in 1,240 patients with mean follow-up of 24.2 ± 19.2 months. Patients with class II/III obesity had higher adjusted risk of wound dehiscence (odds ratio [OR] 3.20; p < 0.001), skin flap necrosis (OR 2.60; p < 0.001), deep venous thrombosis (OR 3.90; p < 0.033), and pulmonary embolism (OR 15.3; p = 0.001) than nonobese patients. Obese patients demonstrated significantly lower satisfaction with breasts (67.3 ± 27.7 vs 73.7 ± 24.0; p = 0.043) and psychological well-being (72.4 ± 27.0 vs 82.0 ± 20.8; p = 0.001) than nonobese patients. Unilateral delayed reconstructions were associated with independently shorter hospital stay (β –0.65; p = 0.002) and lower adjusted risk of 30-day readmission (OR 0.45; p = 0.031), skin flap necrosis (OR 0.14; p = 0.031), and pulmonary embolism (OR 0.07; p = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONS:
Obese women should be closely monitored for adverse events and lower quality of life, offered measures to optimize thromboembolic prophylaxis, and advised on the risks and benefits of unilateral delayed reconstruction.
Postoperative Complication Impact on Quality of Life after Post-Mastectomy Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Chi , Gomez Diego , Abdulwadood Isra , Kosiorek Heidi , Hammond Jacob B , Cronin Patricia , Reece Edward , Rebecca Alanna , Casey William , Pockaj Barbara A 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Though the overall psychosocial benefits and body image gains of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) are well-established, there is limited information on how postoperative complications affect patient quality of life (QOL).

Study Designe:
A single-institution cross-sectional survey analysis was performed on patients who underwent PMBR between 2008-2020. QOL was assessed using the BREAST-Q and the Was It Worth It questionnaires. The results were compared between patients who had major complications, minor complications, and no complications. Responses were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests as appropriate.

Results:
Five-hundred and sixty-eight patients met inclusion criteria, and 244 patients responded (43% response rate). Most patients did not have any complications (n=128; 52%), 41 had minor complications (17%), and 75 had major complications (31%). There were no differences in any of the BREAST-Q wellbeing metrics based on degree of complication. Across all three groups, patients reported that surgery was worthwhile (n=212; 88%), they would choose reconstruction again (n=203; 85%), and they would recommend it to a friend (n=196; 82%). Overall, 77% reported that their overall experience either met or exceeded expectations, and 88% of patients had unchanged or improved overall QOL.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates that QOL and wellbeing are not negatively impacted by postoperative complications. Though patients who had no complications had an overall more positive experience, nearly two-thirds of all patients, no matter the degree of complication, stated that their overall experience either met or exceeded their expectations.
Persistent immune abnormalities discriminate post-COVID syndrome from convalescence
Authors: Sbierski-Kind Julia , Schlickeiser Stephan , Feldmann Svenja , Ober Veronica , Grüner Eva , Pleimelding Claire , Gilberg Leonard , Brand Isabel , Weigl Nikolas , Ahmed Mohamed I. M. , Ibarra Gerardo , Ruzicka Michael , Benesch Christopher , Pernpruner Anna , Valdinoci Elisabeth , Hoelscher Michael , Adorjan Kristina , Stubbe Hans Christian , Pritsch Michael , Seybold Ulrich , Bogner Johannes , Roider Julia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are key organizers of tissue immune responses and regulate tissue development, repair, and pathology. Persistent clinical sequelae beyond 12 weeks following acute COVID-19 disease, named post-COVID syndrome (PCS), are increasingly recognized in convalescent individuals. ILCs have been associated with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms but their role in the development of PCS remains poorly defined. Here we used multiparametric immune phenotyping, finding expanded circulating ILC precursors (ILCPs) and concurrent decreased group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in PCS patients compared to well-matched convalescent control groups at > 3 months after infection. Patients with PCS showed elevated expression of chemokines and cytokines associated with trafficking of immune cells (CCL19/MIP-3b, FLT3-ligand), endothelial inflammation and repair (CXCL1, EGF, RANTES, IL1RA, PDGF-AA). These results define immunological parameters associated with PCS and might help find biomarkers and disease-relevant therapeutic strategies.
Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 neutralization profiles after bivalent boosting using antigenic cartography
Authors: Rössler Annika , Netzl Antonia , Knabl Ludwig , Bante David , Wilks Samuel H. , Borena Wegene , Laer Dorothee von , Smith Derek J , Kimpel Janine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince emergence of the initial SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 variants, omicron has diversified substantially. Antigenic characterization of these new variants is important to analyze their potential immune escape from population immunity and implications for future vaccine composition. Here, we describe an antigenic map based on human single-exposure sera and live-virus isolates that includes a broad selection of recently emerged omicron variants such as BA.2.75, BF.7, BQ, XBB and XBF variants. Recent omicron variants clustered around BA.1 and BA.5 with some variants further extending the antigenic space. Based on this antigenic map we constructed antibody landscapes to describe neutralization profiles after booster immunization with bivalent mRNA vaccines based on ancestral virus and either BA.1 or BA.4/5 omicron. Immune escape of BA.2.75, BQ, XBB and XBF variants was also evident in bivalently boosted individuals, however, cross-neutralization was improved for those with hybrid immunity. Our results indicate that future vaccine updates are needed to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies against currently circulating variants.Graphical abstract
Inter-surgeon variation in reoperation following strabismus surgery among Medicare beneficiaries: Associations with adjustable sutures, patient and surgeon characteristics
Authors: Leffler Christopher T. , Woock Alicia , Shinbashi Meagan , Suggs Melissa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to quantify inter-surgeon variation in strabismus surgery reoperation rates in a large national database of provider payments, and to explore associations of reoperation rate with practice type and volume, surgical techniques, and characteristics of the patient population.MethodsFee-for-service payments to providers for Medicare beneficiaries having strabismus surgery between 2012 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed to identify reoperations in the same calendar year. The adjustable-suture technique was considered to be available to the patient if the patient’s surgeon billed for adjustable sutures. Predictors of the rate of reoperation for each surgeon were determined by multivariable linear regression.ResultsAmong 141 surgeons, the reoperation rate for 1-horizontal muscle surgery varied between 0.0% and 30.8%. Due to the presence of high-volume surgeons with high reoperation rates, just 11 surgeons contributed half of the reoperation events for 1-horizontal muscle surgery in this national database. Use of adjustable sutures, surgeon gender, and surgical volume were not independently associated with surgeon reoperation rate. Associations of reoperation with patient characteristics, such as age and poverty, were explored. In a multivariable model, surgeons in the South tended to have a higher reoperation rate (p=0.03). Still, the multivariable model could explain only 16.3% of the variation in surgeon reoperation rate for 1-horizontal muscle. For 1-vertical muscle surgery, patient poverty was associated with a lower surgeon reoperation rate (p=0.008).ConclusionsPatient-level analyses which ignore inter-surgeon variation will be dominated by the practices of a small number of high-volume, high-reoperation surgeons. There are order-of-magnitude variations in reoperation rates among strabismus surgeons, the cause of which remains largely unexplained.
Microglial synaptic pruning in the nucleus accumbens during adolescence sex-specifically influences splenic immune outcomes
Authors: Kirkland J. M. , Patel Ishan , Ardeshna Monali S. , Kopec Ashley M. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTStrong social support promotes a variety of positive health outcomes in humans and rodent models, while social isolation in rodents shortens lifespan, perceived social isolation (i.e. loneliness) can increase mortality by up to 50% in humans. How social relationships lead to these drastic health effects is unclear, but may involve modulation of the peripheral immune system. The reward circuitry of the brain and social behaviors undergo a critical period of development during adolescence. We published that microglia-mediated synaptic pruning occurs in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) reward region during adolescence to mediate social development in male and female rats. We hypothesized that if reward circuitry activity and social relationships directly impact the peripheral immune system, then natural developmental changes in the reward circuitry and social behaviors during adolescence should also directly impact the peripheral immune system. To test this, we inhibited microglial pruning in the NAc during adolescence, and then collected spleen tissue for mass spectrometry proteomic analysis and ELISA validation. We found that the global proteomic consequences of inhibiting microglial pruning in the NAc were similar between the sexes, but target-specific examination suggests that NAc pruning impacts Th1 cell-related immune markers in the spleen in males, but not females, and broad neurochemical systems in the spleen in females, but not males.Please note, if this preprint will be pushed further to publication it will not be by me (AMK), as I am leaving academia. So, I’m going to write more conversationally.
CD28-Selective Inhibition Prolongs Non-Human Primate Kidney Transplant Survival
Authors: Lovasik Brendan P. , Kim Steven C. , Higginbotham Laura , Wakwe Walter , Mathews David V. , Breeden Cynthia , Farris Alton B. , Larsen Christian P. , Ford Mandy L , Nadler Steven , Adams Andrew B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCostimulation blockade using belatacept results in improved renal function after kidney transplant as well as decreased likelihood of death/graft loss and reduced cardiovascular risk; however, higher rates and grades of acute rejection have prevented its widespread clinical adoption. Treatment with belatacept blocks both positive (CD28) and negative (CTLA-4) T cell signaling. CD28-selective therapies may offer improved potency by blocking CD28-mediated costimulation while leaving CTLA-4 mediated coinhibitory signals intact. Here we test a novel domain antibody directed at CD28 (anti-CD28 dAb (BMS-931699)) in a non-human primate kidney transplant model. Sixteen macaques underwent native nephrectomy and received life-sustaining renal allotransplantation from an MHC-mismatched donor. Animals were treated with belatacept alone, anti-CD28 dAb alone, or anti-CD28 dAb plus clinically relevant maintenance (MMF, Steroids) and induction therapy with either anti-IL-2R or T cell depletion. Treatment with anti-CD28 dAb extended survival compared to belatacept monotherapy (MST 187 vs. 29 days, p=0.07). The combination of anti-CD28 dAb and conventional immunosuppression further prolonged survival to MST ∼270 days. Animals maintained protective immunity with no significant infectious issues. These data demonstrate CD28-directed therapy is a safe and effective next-generation costimulatory blockade strategy with a demonstrated survival benefit and presumed advantage over belatacept by maintaining intact CTLA-4 coinhibitory signaling.
Classification of bacterial nanowire proteins using Machine Learning and Feature Engineering model
Authors: Raya Dheeraj , Peta Vincent , Bomgni Alain , Du Do Tuyen , Kalimuthu Jawaharraj , Salem David R. , Gadhamshetty Venkataramana , Gnimpieba Etienne Z. , Dhiman Saurabh Sudha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanowires (NW) have been extensively studied forShewanellaspp. andGeobacterspp. and are mostly produced by Type IV pili or multiheme c-type cytochrome. Electron transfer via NW is the most studied mechanism in microbially induced corrosion, with recent interest in application in bioelectronics and biosensor. In this study, a machine learning (ML) based tool was developed to classify NW proteins. A manually curated 999 protein collection was developed as an NW protein dataset. Gene ontology analysis of the dataset revealed microbial NW is part of membranal proteins with metal ion binding motifs and plays a central role in electron transfer activity. Random Forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boost (XGBoost) models were implemented in the prediction model and were observed to identify target proteins based on functional, structural, and physicochemical properties with 89.33%, 95.6%, and 99.99% accuracy. Dipetide amino acid composition, transition, and distribution protein features of NW are key important features aiding in the model’s high performance.
CryoEM PSII structure reveals adaptation mechanisms to environmental stress inChlorella ohadii
Authors: Fadeeva Maria , Klaiman Daniel , Caspy Ido , Nelson Nathan 
Published: May 2023

SummaryPerforming photosynthesis in the desert is a challenging task since it requires a fast adaptation to extreme illumination and temperature changes. To understand adaptive mechanisms, we purified Photosystem II (PSII) fromChlorella ohadii, a green alga from the desert soil surface, and identified structural elements that might enable the photosystem functioning under harsh conditions. The 2.72 Å cryogenic electron-microscopy (cryoEM) structure of PSII exhibited 64 subunits, encompassing 386 chlorophylls, 86 carotenoids, four plastoquinones, and several structural lipids. At the luminal side of PSII, the oxygen evolving complex was protected by a unique subunit arrangement - PsbO (OEE1), PsbP (OEE2), CP47, and PsbU (plant OEE3 homolog). PsbU interacted with PsbO, CP43, and PsbP, thus stabilising the oxygen evolving shield. Substantial changes were observed on the stromal electron acceptor side - PsbY was identified as a transmembrane helix situated alongside PsbF and PsbE enclosing cytochrome b559, supported by the adjacent C-terminal helix of Psb10. These four transmembrane helices bundled jointly, shielding cytochrome b559 from the solvent. The bulk of Psb10 formed a cap protecting the quinone site and probably contributed to the PSII stacking. So far, theC. ohadiiPSII structure is the most complete description of the complex, suggesting numerous future experiments. A protective mechanism that prevented QBfrom rendering itself fully reduced is proposed.
Contrastive Learning for Sleep Staging based on Inter Subject Correlation
Authors: Zhang Tongxu , Wang Bei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, multitudes of researches have applied deep learning to automatic sleep stage classification. Whereas actually, these works have paid less attention to the issue of cross-subject in sleep staging. At the same time, emerging neuroscience theories on inter-subject correlations can provide new insights for cross-subject analysis. This paper presents the MViTime model that have been used in sleep staging study. And we implement the inter-subject correlation theory through contrastive learning, providing a feasible solution to address the crosssubject problem in sleep stage classification. Finally, experimental results and conclusions are presented, demonstrating that the developed method has achieved state-of-the-art performance on sleep staging. The results of the ablation experiment also demonstrate the effectiveness of the cross-subject approach based on contrastive learning. The code can be accessed through:https://github.com/jukieCheung/MViTime.