bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mechanistic PK/PD model to enable dose selection of the potent anti‐tryptase antibody (MTPS9579A) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe asthma
Authors: Rymut Sharon M. , Henderson Lindsay M. , Poon Victor , Staton Tracy L. , Cai Fang , Sukumaran Siddharth , Rhee Horace , Owen Ryan , Ramanujan Saroja , Yoshida Kenta 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTryptase, a protease implicated in asthma pathology, is secreted from mast cells upon activation during an inflammatory allergic response. MTPS9579A is a novel monoclonal antibody that inhibits tryptase activity by irreversibly dissociating the active tetramer into inactive monomers. This study assessed the relationship between MTPS9579A concentrations in healthy subjects and tryptase levels in serum and nasal mucosal lining fluid from healthy subjects and patients with moderate‐to‐severe asthma. These data were used to develop a mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model that quantitatively inter‐relates MTPS9579A exposure and inhibition of active tryptase in the airway of patients with asthma. From initial estimates of airway tryptase levels and drug partitioning, the PK/PD model predicted almost complete neutralization of active tryptase in the airway of patients with asthma with MTPS9579A doses of 900 mg and greater, administered intravenously (i.v.) once every 4 weeks (q4w). Suppression of active tryptase during an asthma exacerbation event was also evaluated using the model by simulating the administration of MTPS9579A during a 100‐fold increase in tryptase secretion in the local tissue. The PK/PD model predicted that 1800 mg MTPS9579A i.v. q4w results in 95.7% suppression of active tryptase at the steady‐state trough concentration. Understanding how the exposure‐response relationship of MTPS9579A in healthy subjects translates to patients with asthma is critical for future clinical studies assessing tryptase inhibition in the airway of patients with moderate‐to‐severe asthma.
Systematic review: Individual‐level factors and social determinants of health impacting sleep health in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yoo Linda , Tsai Chi‐Shan , Heitkemper Margaret , Kamp Kendra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo examine the individual‐level factors and social determinants of health (SDOH) linked to sleep health among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).DesignSystematic review without meta‐analysis.Data SourcesFour databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were searched in February 2022.Review MethodsDatabases were searched with keywords related to IBD and sleep. The review was conducted per the PRISMA protocol. The checklist for analytical cross‐sectional studies published by the Joanna Briggs Institute was used for quality appraisal. Factors were organized by individual, social and societal levels according to the social–ecological model of sleep health.ResultsIn the review, 45 studies were identified and synthesized. All studies examined individual‐level factors with sleep, with age being the most common factor studied. Only nine studies considered a social determinant of health which included marital status, number of children, education level, annual income, employment status, work tenure, type of employment, area of residence, minority status/ethnicity and COVID‐19. However, the source of information for the social determinant of health was not clearly defined for more than half of these studies.ConclusionAlthough IBD sleep research has explored individual‐level factors (i.e. age) that impact sleep health, there is a lack of information on the SDOH that can contribute to sleep health.ImpactThis review provides insight into the different factors that have been examined in IBD sleep research. By determining the SDOH that impact sleep, nursing research can inform sustainable and tailored interventions that focus on changing behaviour and improving sleep of individuals of varying backgrounds and life experiences. There is a continued need for nurses in practice and research to explore the SDOH that influence health outcomes and the daily lives of those with IBD.
Toxicity assessment and anti‐Vibrio activity of essential oils: Potential for application in shrimp aquaculture
Authors: Zheng Xiaoting , Bossier Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis present paper aimed to review the past 4 years (2019–2022), the inhibition of Vibrio spp. (including Vibrio's causing AHPND) by EOs, as well as the potential toxicity of the EOs towards crustaceans, with an emphasis on Artemia spp. In the present review, 27 EOs from terrestrial plants are reported regarding their anti‐Vibrio activity. Among these 27 studies, Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris (Lamiaceae family) were found to be the most numerous. Among the Vibrio spp., V. parahaemolyticus (non‐AHPND strain) was mostly researched. There are in total 68 publications about the toxicity of EOs in Artemia spp. Based on the four categories of toxicity towards Artemia (strongly toxic: LC50 < 100 μg/ml, moderately toxic: LC50:100–500 μg/ml, weakly toxic: LC50: 500–1000 μg/ml, and non‐toxic: LC50 > 1000 μg/ml), strong toxicity activity was found in 37 EOs, moderate toxicity in 15 EOs, weak activity for three EO plants and 13 non‐toxic extracts. In fact, LC50 values as low as 10.25 and 11.48 μg/ml were described in Artemisia vulgaris and Euryale ferox, respectively, showing these two plant EOs are strongly toxic to Artemia. Overall, and despite being generally considered “eco‐friendly and natural” products and safer than antibiotics, some of the EOs are toxic to target organisms. Thus, to establish an ecologically safe application of EOs in shrimp aquaculture, the correct use of these plant EOs (in terms of concentrations and duration) in aquaculture should be considered.
Non-Contact MEMS-Sensor Array Inspection of Composites and Metallic Parts Using Lamb Waves
Authors: Volker A.W.F. , Vrolijk J.W. , Merks-Swolfs E.J.W. , van der Burg D.W. , van der Heiden M.S. , Martina Q.E.V.N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Composite materials are becoming more popular in the aerospace industry, because of their physical properties. In quality assurance and in-service inspection, there is a need for fast, non-contact, high-quality, non-destructive inspection techniques. The most common approach is to perform the inspection using water-coupled high-frequency transducers. Full wavefield techniques are promising to replace the conventional inspection approach. However, these are currently performed by a laser vibrometer setup, which has drawbacks. As an alternative, a low-cost micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensor array and dedicated processing scheme are presented enabling fast inspection of large samples. This inspection approach uses a piezoelectric actuator to excite the composite or metallic part with Lamb waves. An array of MEMS sensors records the energy that radiates into the surrounding air. A dedicated processing scheme will translate the measured wavefield into a thickness map of the inspected part. For composite parts, the material’s anisotropy needs to be taken into account for accurate thickness mapping. In principle, all relevant defects show up as local thickness reductions. The results in this paper are obtained with a MEMS-sensor array of 128 elements capable of detecting ultrasound up to 250 kHz at a typical stand-off distance of 100 mm. Defects up to 6 mm in diameter could be detected in thick panels, and defects as small as 2.5 mm could be detected in thin panels. A full-size fuselage experiment shows that the method is also suited for fast inspection of large inspection areas.
Maternal mRNA covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy and delta or omicron infection or hospital admission in infants: test negative design study
Authors: Jorgensen Sarah C J , Hernandez Alejandro , Fell Deshayne B , Austin Peter C , D’Souza Rohan , Guttmann Astrid , Brown Kevin A , Buchan Sarah A , Gubbay Jonathan B , Nasreen Sharifa , Schwartz Kevin L , Tadrous Mina , Wilson Kumanan , Kwong Jeffrey C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
To estimate the effectiveness of maternal mRNA covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy against delta and omicron severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and hospital admission in infants.

Design
Test negative design study.

Setting
Community and hospital testing in Ontario, Canada.

Participants
Infants younger than six months of age, born between 7 May 2021 and 31 March 2022, who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between 7 May 2021 and 5 September 2022.

Intervention
Maternal mRNA covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy.

Main outcome measures
Laboratory confirmed delta or omicron infection or hospital admission of the infant. Multivariable logistic regression estimated vaccine effectiveness, with adjustments for clinical and sociodemographic characteristics associated with vaccination and infection.

Results
8809 infants met eligibility criteria, including 99 delta cases (4365 controls) and 1501 omicron cases (4847 controls). Infant vaccine effectiveness from two maternal doses was 95% (95% confidence interval 88% to 98%) against delta infection and 97% (73% to 100%) against infant hospital admission due to delta and 45% (37% to 53%) against omicron infection and 53% (39% to 64%) against hospital admission due to omicron. Vaccine effectiveness for three doses was 73% (61% to 80%) against omicron infection and 80% (64% to 89%) against hospital admission due to omicron. Vaccine effectiveness for two doses against infant omicron infection was highest with the second dose in the third trimester (53% (42% to 62%)) compared with the first (47% (31% to 59%)) or second (37% (24% to 47%)) trimesters. Vaccine effectiveness for two doses against infant omicron infection decreased from 57% (44% to 66%) between birth and eight weeks to 40% (21% to 54%) after 16 weeks of age.

Conclusions
Maternal covid-19 vaccination with a second dose during pregnancy was highly effective against delta and moderately effective against omicron infection and hospital admission in infants during the first six months of life. A third vaccine dose bolstered protection against omicron. Effectiveness for two doses was highest with maternal vaccination in the third trimester, and effectiveness decreased in infants beyond eight weeks of age.
Multimorbidity of cardiometabolic diseases: a cross-sectional study of patterns, clusters and associated risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Otieno Peter , Asiki Gershim , Wekesah Frederick , Wilunda Calistus , Sanya Richard E , Wami Welcome , Agyemang Charles 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the patterns of cardiometabolic multimorbidity and associated risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).DesignWe used data from the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance cross-sectional surveys conducted between 2014 and 2017.ParticipantsThe participants comprised 39, 658 respondents aged 15–69 years randomly selected from nine SSA countries using a multistage stratified sampling design.Primary outcome measureUsing latent class analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithms, we analysed the clustering of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) including high blood sugar, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as heart attack, angina and stroke. Clusters of lifestyle risk factors: harmful salt intake, physical inactivity, obesity, tobacco and alcohol use were also computed. Prevalence ratios (PR) from modified Poisson regression were used to assess the association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity with sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors.ResultsTwo distinct classes of CMDs were identified: relatively healthy group with minimal CMDs (95.2%) and cardiometabolic multimorbidity class comprising participants with high blood sugar, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension and CVDs (4.8%). The clusters of lifestyle risk factors included alcohol, tobacco and harmful salt consumption (27.0%), and physical inactivity and obesity (5.8%). The cardiometabolic multimorbidity cluster exhibited unique sociodemographic and lifestyle risk profiles. Being female (PR=1.7, 95% CI (1.5 to 2.0), middle-aged (35–54 years) (3.9 (95% CI 3.2 to 4.8)), compared with age 15–34 years, employed (1.2 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.4)), having tertiary education (2.5 (95% CI 2.0 to 3.3)), vs no formal education and clustering of physical inactivity and obesity (2.4 (95% CI 2.0 to 2.8)) were associated with a higher likelihood of cardiometabolic multimorbidity.ConclusionOur findings show that cardiometabolic multimorbidity and lifestyle risk factors cluster in distinct patterns with a disproportionate burden among women, middle-aged, persons in high socioeconomic positions, and those with sedentary lifestyles and obesity. These results provide insights for health systems response in SSA to focus on these clusters as potential targets for integrated care.
Facilitators and barriers to conducting an efficient, competent and high-quality oncological multidisciplinary team meeting
Authors: Walraven Janneke E W , Verhoeven Rob H A , Meulen Renske van der , Hoeven Jacobus J M van der , Lemmens Valery E P P , Hesselink Gijs , Desar Ingrid M E 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundOptimal oncological care nowadays requires discussing every patient in a multidisciplinary team meeting (MDTM). The number of patients to be discussed is rising rapidly due to the increasing incidence and prevalence of cancer and the emergence of new multidisciplinary treatment options. This puts MDTMs under considerable time pressure. The aim of this study is therefore to identify the facilitators and barriers with regard to performing an efficient, competent and high-quality MDTM.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with Dutch medical specialists and residents participating in oncological MDTMs. Purposive sampling was used to maximise variation in participants’ professional and demographic characteristics (eg, sex, medical specialist vs resident, specialty, type and location of affiliated hospital). Interview data were systematically analysed according to the principles of thematic content analysis.ResultsSixteen medical specialists and 19 residents were interviewed. All interviewees agreed that attending and preparing MDTMs is time-consuming and indicated the need for optimal execution in order to ensure that MDTMs remain feasible in the near future. Four themes emerged that are relevant to achieving an optimal MDTM: (1) organisational aspects; (2) participants’ responsibilities and requirements; (3) competences, behaviour and team dynamics and (4) meeting content. Good organisation, a sound structure and functioning information and communication technology facilitate high-quality MDTMs. Multidisciplinary collaboration and adequate communication are essential competences for participants; a lack thereof and the existence of a hierarchy are hindering factors.ConclusionConducting an efficient, competent and high-quality oncological MDTM is facilitated and hindered by many factors. Being aware of these factors provides opportunities for optimising MDTMs, which are under pressure due to the increase in the number of patients to discuss.
IL15 modification enables CAR T cells to act as a dual targeting agent against tumor cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in GBM
Authors: Zannikou Markella , Duffy Joseph T , Levine Rebecca N , Seblani Maggie , Liu Qianli , Presser Aaron , Arrieta Victor A , Chen Christopher J , Sonabend Adam M , Horbinski Craig M , Lee-Chang Catalina , Miska Jason , Lesniak Maciej S , Gottschalk Stephen , Balyasnikova Irina V 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major barrier to the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) in glioblastoma (GBM). Transgenic expression of IL15 is one attractive strategy to modulate the TME. However, at present, it is unclear if IL15 could be used to directly target myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a major cellular component of the GBM TME. Here, we explored if MDSC express IL15Rα and the feasibility of exploiting its expression as an immunotherapeutic target.MethodsRNA-seq, RT-qPCR, and flow cytometry were used to determine IL15Rα expression in paired peripheral and tumor-infiltrating immune cells of GBM patients and two syngeneic murine GBM models. We generated murine T cells expressing IL13Rα2-CARs and secretory IL15 (CAR.IL15s) or IL13Rα2-CARs in which IL15 was fused to the CAR to serve as an IL15Rα-targeting moiety (CAR.IL15f), and characterized their effector function in vitro and in syngeneic IL13Rα2+glioma models.ResultsIL15Rα was preferentially expressed in myeloid, B, and dendritic cells in patients’ and syngeneic GBMs. In vitro, CAR.IL15s and CAR.IL15f T cells depleted MDSC and decreased their secretion of immunosuppressive molecules with CAR.IL15f T cells being more efficacious. Similarly, CAR.IL15f T cells significantly improved the survival of mice in two GBM models. TME analysis showed that treatment with CAR.IL15f T cells resulted in higher frequencies of CD8+T cells, NK, and B cells, but a decrease in CD11b+cells in tumors compared with therapy with CAR T cells.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that MDSC of the glioma TME express IL15Ra and that these cells can be targeted with secretory IL15 or an IL15Rα-targeting moiety incorporated into the CAR. Thus, IL15-modified CAR T cells act as a dual targeting agent against tumor cells and MDSC in GBM, warranting their future evaluation in early-phase clinical studies.
Risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with sarcoidosis: a Danish nationwide nested case–control study
Authors: Eroglu Talip E , Folke Fredrik , Coronel Ruben , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gislason Gunnar Hilmar 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveSarcoidosis is over-represented among victims of cardiac arrest. We aimed to establish whether sarcoidosis is associated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the general population.MethodsWe conducted a nested case–control study in a nationwide cohort of individuals between 1 June 2001 and 31 December 2015 in Denmark. OHCA cases from presumed cardiac causes were matched 1:10 by sex and age on OHCA date with non-OHCA controls from the general population. The association between sarcoidosis and OHCA was assessed using Cox regression by calculating HR and 95% CIs. Models were adjusted for cardiovascular disease. Finally, stratified analyses were performed according to sex, heart failure and ischaemic heart disease.ResultsWe identified 35 195 OHCA cases and 351 950 matched controls without OHCA (median age 72 years and 66.8% male). Patients with sarcoidosis had higher rate of OHCA compared with the general population after adjustments for common OHCA risk factors (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.92). This increased OHCA rate occurred in women (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.42 to 3.12) but not in men (HR 1.27, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.72; p value interaction=0.033), and was larger in patients with than without heart failure (HRheart failure: 2.59, 95% CI 1.42 to 4.73; HRno heart failure: 1.33, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.74; p value interaction: 0.007). The HR associated with sarcoidosis did not vary by the presence of ischaemic heart disease.ConclusionPatients with sarcoidosis have a higher OHCA rate than the general population. This increased OHCA rate occurred in women but not in men, and was larger in patients with than without heart failure.
On the Cost of Near-Perfect Wear Leveling in Flash-Based SSDs
Authors: Van Houdt Benny 
Published: February 2023

Wear leveling (WL) techniques in flash-based SSDs aim at distributing the erase cycles as uniformly as possible across the memory blocks within the SSD to extend its life span. The downside of any WL technique is that it causes additional internal write operations, thereby increasing the so-called write amplification (WA) factor, which equals the ratio between the total number of writes performed and the number of writes requested by the host system.
In this article, we address the question whether near-perfect WL is possible at low costs in terms of the WA factor. We answer this question affirmatively by presenting a simple randomized algorithm that combines WL with garbage collection. This algorithm guarantees that the wear is nearly perfectly balanced at all times while causing a low increase in the WA. This is demonstrated mathematically using a mean field model in case of uniform random writes and using trace-driven simulation experiments for general workloads.
Health-Related Quality of Life between Insured and Uninsured Households at Rural Communities of Southwestern Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lakew Serawit , Mekene Tesfahun , Feleke Tesfaye 
Published: February 2023

Background. Community-based health insurance (CBHI) is one of the strategies among others to be used for the achievement of universal health coverage (UHC) through providing financial protection to the citizens of a country. The schemes have been seen as effective in reducing out-of-pocket (OOP) payments and improving access to the healthcare services. This study tried to assess health-related quality of life between members and nonmembers of the scheme in rural southwest Ethiopia. Study Method. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between the insured and uninsured populations. A standardized WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used. Cross-tab and frequency table analysis were done to tabulate for monovariable and bivariable analysis. Multiple linear regressions were employed to determine associations by adjusting for potential confounders. The association decision was made after fitted assumptions and adjustments done by modeling. Results. About six hundred thirty-four (634) households completed the survey with a response rate of 97.2%. More than 90% of the participants were illiterate and elementary education completed and farmers. Most uninsured family members claimed that they had difficulty affording annual payments 72.5%,

P

< 0.001. Willingness to pay was higher for insured members of households (72.2%),

P

< 0.001. Being insured had experienced a higher quality of life than uninsured, β (95% CI), 4.15 (2.52, 5.77), and

P

< 0.001. Marital status other than married had lower quality of life experiences than married alone, β (95% CI), −6.83 (−9.75, −3.92), and

P

< 0.001. Male respondents were experiencing lower quality than females, β (95% CI), −2.49 (−4.25, −0.72), and

P

= 0.006. Family number of the household and quality of life had positive linear relations, β (95% CI), 0.87 (0.43, 1.31),

P

< 0.001. Conclusions and Recommendations. Being insured had positive implications for quality of life. Inhabitants have to be encouraged to the scheme membership.