bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the accuracy of self-reported maternal and newborn care in select studies from low and middle-income country settings: do respondent and facility characteristics affect measurement?
Authors: McCarthy Katharine J. , Blanc Ann K. , Warren Charlotte E. , Bajracharya Ashish , Bellows Ben 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Accurate data on the receipt of essential maternal and newborn health interventions is necessary to interpret and address gaps in effective coverage. Validation results of commonly used content and quality of care indicators routinely implemented in international survey programs vary across settings. We assessed how respondent and facility characteristics influenced the accuracy of women’s recall of interventions received in the antenatal and postnatal periods.

Methods
We synthesized reporting accuracy using data from a known sample of validation studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, which assessed the validity of women’s self-report of received antenatal care (ANC) (N = 3 studies, 3,169 participants) and postnatal care (PNC) (N = 5 studies, 2,462 participants) compared to direct observation. For each study, indicator sensitivity and specificity are presented with 95% confidence intervals. Univariate fixed effects and bivariate random effects models were used to examine whether respondent characteristics (e.g., age group, parity, education level), facility quality, or intervention coverage level influenced the accuracy of women’s recall of whether interventions were received.

Results
Intervention coverage was associated with reporting accuracy across studies for the majority (9 of 12) of PNC indicators. Increasing intervention coverage was associated with poorer specificity for 8 indicators and improved sensitivity for 6 indicators. Reporting accuracy for ANC or PNC indicators did not consistently differ by any other respondent or facility characteristic.

Conclusions
High intervention coverage may contribute to higher false positive reporting (poorer specificity) among women who receive facility-based maternal and newborn care while low intervention coverage may contribute to false negative reporting (lower sensitivity). While replication in other country and facility settings is warranted, results suggest that monitoring efforts should consider the context of care when interpreting national estimates of intervention coverage.
Treatment decisions and the use of MEK inhibitors for children with neurofibromatosis type 1-related plexiform neurofibromas
Authors: Armstrong Amy E. , Belzberg Allan J. , Crawford John R. , Hirbe Angela C. , Wang Zhihong J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), the most common tumor predisposition syndrome, occurs when NF1 gene variants result in loss of neurofibromin, a negative regulator of RAS activity. Plexiform neurofibromas (PN) are peripheral nerve sheath tumors that develop in patients with NF1 and are associated with substantial morbidity and for which, until recently, the only treatment was surgical resection. However, surgery carries several risks and a proportion of PN are considered inoperable. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of PN led to the investigation of targeted therapies as medical treatment options, and the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib has shown promising efficacy in pediatric patients with NF1 and symptomatic, inoperable PN. In a phase I/II trial, most children (approximately 70%) achieved reduction in tumor volume accompanied by improvements in patient-reported outcomes (decreased tumor-related pain and improvements in quality of life, strength, and range of motion). Selumetinib is currently the only licensed medical therapy indicated for use in pediatric patients with symptomatic, inoperable NF1-PN, with approval based on the results of this pivotal clinical study. Several other MEK inhibitors (binimetinib, mirdametinib, trametinib) and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib are also being investigated as medical therapies for NF1-PN. Careful consideration of multiple aspects of both disease and treatments is vital to reduce morbidity and improve outcomes in patients with this complex and heterogeneous disease, and clinicians should be fully aware of the risks and benefits of available treatments. There is no single treatment pathway for patients with NF1-PN; surgery, watchful waiting, and/or medical treatment are options. Treatment should be individualized based on recommendations from a multidisciplinary team, considering the size and location of PN, effects on adjacent tissues, and patient and family preferences. This review outlines the treatment strategies currently available for patients with NF1-PN and the evidence supporting the use of MEK inhibitors, and discusses key considerations in clinical decision-making.
Metabolic syndrome and the risk of severe cancer events: a longitudinal study in Japanese workers
Authors: Van Hoang Dong , Inoue Yosuke , Fukunaga Ami , Nakagawa Tohru , Honda Toru , Yamamoto Shuichiro , Okazaki Hiroko , Yamamoto Makoto , Miyamoto Toshiaki , Gommori Naoki , Kochi Takeshi , Shirasaka Taiki , Eguchi Masafumi , Ogasawara Takayuki , Yamamoto Kenya , Konishi Maki , Katayama Nobumi , Kabe Isamu , Dohi Seitaro , Mizoue Tetsuya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with cancer risk; however, little is known regarding its relationship with the risk of cancer-related premature death and long-term sick leave (LTSL), which can lead to a substantial loss in working years. The present study aimed to quantify the all-site and site-specific associations between MetS and the risk of severe cancer events (a composite outcome of LTSL and mortality due to cancer) in a large working population in Japan.

Methods
We recruited 70,875 workers (59,950 men and 10,925 women), aged 20–59 years, who attended health check-ups in 2011 (10 companies) and 2014 (2 companies). All workers underwent follow up for severe cancer events until March 31, 2020. MetS was defined in accordance with the Joint Interim Statement. Cox regression models were used to quantify the association between baseline MetS and severe cancer events.

Results
During 427,379 person-years of follow-up, 523 participants experienced the outcome consisting of 493 LTSLs of which 124 eventually resulted in death, and 30 deaths without taking LTSL. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for composite severe events due to all-site, obesity-related, and non-obesity-related cancer among those with vs. without MetS were 1.26 (1.03, 1.55), 1.37 (1.04, 1.82), and 1.15 (0.84, 1.56), respectively. In cancer site-specific analyses, MetS was associated with an increased risk of severe events due to pancreatic cancer (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 0.99–4.26). When mortality was treated solely as the endpoint, the association was significant for all-site (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.10–2.26), and obesity-related (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.00–2.54) cancer. Additionally, a greater number of MetS components was associated with a greater risk of both severe cancer events and cancer-related mortality (P trend < 0.05).

Conclusion
Among Japanese workers, MetS was associated with an increased risk of severe cancer events, especially those due to obesity-linked cancer.
Galectin-1 promotes gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis through peritoneal fibrosis
Authors: Shen Xianhe , Liu Huilan , Zhou Haihua , Cheng Zhiyi , Liu Guiyuan , Huang Chuanjiang , Dou Rongrong , Liu Fuxing , You Xiaolan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Peritoneal metastasis is one of the main causes of death in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Galectin-1 regulates various undesirable biological behaviors in GC and may be key in GC peritoneal metastasis.

Methods
In this study, we elucidated the regulatory role of galectin-1 in GC cell peritoneal metastasis. GC and peritoneal tissues underwent hematoxylin–eosin (HE), immunohistochemical (IHC), and Masson trichrome staining to analyze the difference in galectin-1 expression and peritoneal collagen deposition in different GC clinical stages. The regulatory role of galectin-1 in GC cell adhesion to mesenchymal cells and in collagen expression was determined using HMrSV5 human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Collagen and corresponding mRNA expression were detected with western blotting and reverse transcription PCR, respectively. The promoting effect of galectin-1 on GC peritoneal metastasis was verified in vivo. Collagen deposition and collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin 1 (FN1) expression in the peritoneum of the animal models were detected by Masson trichrome and IHC staining.

Results
Galectin-1 and collagen deposition in the peritoneal tissues was correlated with GC clinical staging and were positively correlated. Galectin-1 enhanced the ability of GC cells to adhere to the HMrSV5 cells by promoting collagen I, collagen III, and FN1 expression. The in vivo experiments confirmed that galectin-1 promoted GC peritoneal metastasis by promoting peritoneal collagen deposition.

Conclusion
Galectin-1-induced peritoneal fibrosis may create a favorable environment for GC cell peritoneal metastasis.
Challenges in addiction-affected families: a systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Mardani Mostafa , Alipour Fardin , Rafiey Hassan , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud , Arshi Maliheh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The relative paucity of research on Addiction-Affected Families’ (AAF) issues and the lack of attention given to their difficulties and treatment in interventions and clinical practices indicate that the primary focus consistently revolves around individuals with addictive disorders, even when the treatment process involves their families. However, it is believed that family members endure significant pressures that result in extensive negative consequences on the personal, familial, and social aspects of their lives. Aiming for a better understanding of the challenges and issues that AAF’s experience, this systematic review explored qualitative studies with a focus on the impact of addiction on different aspects of families.

Methods
We searched Research Gate, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Elsevier, and Google Scholar Databases. We included studies of qualitative design which have investigated the effects of addiction on families. Non-English language studies, medical views, and quantitative approaches were excluded. Participants in the selected studies included parents, children, couples, sisters/brothers, relatives, drug users and specialists. The data from the selected studies were extracted using a standard format for the systematic review of qualitative research (the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence [NICE] 2102a).

Results
A thematic analysis of the findings of the studies identified 5 main themes: 1) initial shock (family encounter, searching for why), 2) family in the fog (social isolation, stigma and label), 3) sequence of disorders (emotional decline, negative behavioral experiences, mental disturbance, physical degeneration, family burden), 4) internal family chaos (instability of relationships, shadow people, erosive confrontation with the drug-using member, a newly emerging member, collapsing system, financial collapse), and 5) self-protection (attracting information, support, and protective sources, coping and adjusting the effects, the emergence of spirituality).

Conclusion
This systematic review of qualitative research highlights the various and complex issues which addiction-affected families go through in terms of financial, social, cultural, mental and physical health problems, as a result of which experts of the field are needed to investigate and take measures. The findings can inform policy and practice and the development of interventions aimed to lighten the burdens which addiction-affected families carry.
Male patients’ preferences for opioid use treatment programs
Authors: Amini-Rarani Mostafa , Moeeni Maryam , Ponnet Koen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
A patient-centered approach to the treatment of substance use is helpful in achieving positive treatment outcomes. This study aimed to explore male patients’ preferences for opioid use treatments.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted in Isfahan, a city in the center of Iran. The study sample included 64 male participants who had started treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Using a purposive maximum variation sampling procedure, seven treatment centers were selected as interview venues. The semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted in a private room in the selected centers. A hybrid inductive/deductive approach was used to thematize the interview transcripts.

Results
A total of three themes and 13 subthemes on opioid treatment preferences were identified: treatment concerns (anonymity, social stigma, fear of treatment distress, and family concerns), treatment attributes (treatment cost, location of the treatment center, treatment period, frequency of attendance, informed treatment, and treatment personnel), and treatment type (maintenance or abstinence and residential and community treatments). The study showed that all treatment programs were perceived to have their own strengths and weaknesses.

Conclusions
The results showed that patients with OUD carefully compare the positive and negative aspects of existing treatment programs, and they consider a treatment program to be a package of favorable and non-favorable qualities. The identified themes could inform policymakers about the treatment preferences of male patients and provide an opportunity to promote better treatment options for OUD.
Maintenance repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a study protocol of a multisite, prospective, non-randomized longitudinal study
Authors: Yamazaki Ryuichi , Matsuda Yuki , Oba Mari , Oi Hideki , Kito Shinsuke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a widely used treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), and its effectiveness in preventing relapse/recurrence of MDD has been explored. Although few small sample controlled studies exist, the protocols of maintenance rTMS therapy were heterogeneous and evidence of its effectiveness is not sufficient. Thus, this study aims to evaluate whether maintenance rTMS is effective in maintaining the treatment response in patients with MDD with a large sample size and feasible study design.

Methods
In this multicenter open-labelled parallel-group trial we plan to recruit 300 patients with MDD who have responded or remitted to acute rTMS therapy. Participants would be classified into two groups according to their preference; the maintenance rTMS and pharmacotherapy group, and the pharmacotherapy only group. The protocol of maintenance rTMS therapy is once a week for the first six months and once biweekly for the second six months. The primary outcome is the relapse/recurrence rates during 12 months following enrollment. Other measures of depressive symptoms and recurrence/relapse rates at different time points are the secondary outcomes. The primary analysis is the between-group comparison adjusted for background factors using a logistic regression model. We will perform the group comparison with inverse probability of treatment weighting as the sensitivity analysis to ensure the comparability of the two groups.

Discussion
We hypothesize that maintenance rTMS therapy could be an effective and safe treatment for preventing depressive relapse/recurrence. Considering the limitation of potential bias owing to the study design, we plan to use statistical approaches and external data to avoid overestimation of the efficacy.

Trial registration
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, ID: jRCT1032220048. Registered 1 May 2022.
Identification and bioinformatic analysis of CircRNAs in the plasma of patients with very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Tang Sihui , Ding Yichuan , Zhou Zihan , Yang Wanchun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The differential expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in individuals with very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy individuals was screened using microarray technology. The related functions and mechanisms were analyzed using bioinformatic methods to explore the potential of target circRNAs as biomarkers of COPD and provide insights for future pathogenesis.

Patients and methods
Thirty patients with very severe COPD and thirty healthy controls were diagnosed at The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei from September 2021 to September 2022. The differential expression of circRNAs was compared and analyzed using a gene microarray and verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technology.

Results
A total of 90 upregulated and 29 downregulated circRNAs were screened in patients with very severe COPD and compared with those in healthy controls. qRT-PCR analysis showed that hsa_circ_0062683 of patients with very severe COPD was significantly upregulated, and hsa_circ_0089763 and hsa_circ_0008882 were significantly downregulated. By constructing the circRNA-miRNA interaction network, it was found that hsa-miR-612, hsa-miR-593-5p, hsa-miR-765, and hsa-miR-103a-2-5p are the miRNAs regulated by more differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs). DEcircRNAs may participate in the development of COPD through hypoxia or regulation of various immune cells.

Conclusion
Plasma circRNAs may play a helpful role in the diagnosis and assessment of COPD and be valuable disease biomarkers.
Oral microbial communities in 5-year-old children with versus without dental caries
Authors: Yang Zhengyan , Cai Ting , Li Yueheng , Jiang Dan , Luo Jun , Zhou Zhi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Caries in young children has received more and more attention. The study of the oral microbiota may help to understand the polymicrobial etiology of dental caries.

Objectives
To investigate the diversity and structure of microbial communities in saliva samples from 5-year-old children with versus without dental caries.

Methods
A total of 36 saliva samples were collected from 18 children with high caries (HB group) and from 18 children without caries (NB group). Then, 16S rDNA was amplified from bacterial samples using polymerase chain reaction, and high-throughput sequencing was performed using Illumina Novaseq platforms.

Results
Sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were distributed among 16 phyla, 26 classes, 56 orders, 93 families, 173 genera, and 218 species. Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Patescibacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria and Spirochaetes were basically the same in different groups, but their relative abundances were different. The core microbiome was defined as the species from 218 shared microbial taxa. The alpha diversity test showed that there were no significant differences in microbial abundance and diversity between the high caries and no caries groups. The results from principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and hierarchical clustering showed that the two groups had similar microorganisms. The biomarkers of different groups were defined by LEfSe analysis to identify potential caries-related and health-related bacteria. Co-occurrence network analysis of dominant genera showed that oral microbial communities in the no caries group were more complex and aggregated than those in the high caries group. Finally, the PICRUSt algorithm was used to predict the function of the microbial communities from saliva samples. The obtained results showed that mineral absorption was greater in the no caries group than in the high caries group. BugBase was used to determine phenotypes present in microbial community samples. The obtained results showed that Streptococcus was greater in the high caries group than in the no caries group.

Conclusion
Findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the microbiological etiology of dental caries in 5-year-old children and are expected to provide new methods for its prevention and treatment.
Trueness of cone-beam computed tomography-derived skull models fabricated by different technology-based three-dimensional printers
Authors: Wang Xiaotong , Shujaat Sohaib , Shaheen Eman , Ferraris Eleonora , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a novel innovation in the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery, however, a lack of evidence exists related to the comparison of the trueness of skull models fabricated using different technology-based printers belonging to different cost segments.

Methods
A study was performed to investigate the trueness of cone-beam computed tomography-derived skull models fabricated using different technology based on low-, medium-, and high-cost 3D printers. Following the segmentation of a patient’s skull, the model was printed by: (i) a low-cost fused filament fabrication printer; (ii) a medium-cost stereolithography printer; and (iii) a high-cost material jetting printer. The fabricated models were later scanned by industrial computed tomography and superimposed onto the original reference virtual model by applying surface-based registration. A part comparison color-coded analysis was conducted for assessing the difference between the reference and scanned models. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction was applied for statistical analysis.

Results
The model printed with the low-cost fused filament fabrication printer showed the highest mean absolute error ($$1.33\pm 0.24 \text{mm}$$

1.33
±
0.24
mm

), whereas both medium-cost stereolithography-based and the high-cost material jetting models had an overall similar dimensional error of $$0.07\pm 0.03 \text{mm}$$

0.07
±
0.03
mm

and $$0.07\pm 0.01 \text{mm}$$

0.07
±
0.01
mm

, respectively. Overall, the models printed with medium- and high-cost printers showed a significantly ($$p<0.01$$

p
<
0.01

) lower error compared to the low-cost printer.

Conclusions
Both stereolithography and material jetting based printers, belonging to the medium- and high-cost market segment, were able to replicate the skeletal anatomy with optimal trueness, which might be suitable for patient-specific treatment planning tasks in craniomaxillofacial surgery. In contrast, the low-cost fused filament fabrication printer could serve as a cost-effective alternative for anatomical education, and/or patient communication.