bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of substrate type and magnetic anisotropy on the spin Seebeck effect in ZnFe2O4 thin films
Authors: Gil-Monsalve J. , Santos E. , Neto J. E. Abrão , Azevedo A. , Arnache O. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) has been investigated in ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) thin films on different substrates, such as Si (111), MgO (100), and SrTiO3 (100). The LSSE voltage signal exhibited a linear dependence on the temperature difference between both sides of the samples. The spin Seebeck coefficients were highly sensitive to the thermal conductivities of the magnetic layer and substrate, with values from 3 nV/k to 110 nV/K. Charge currents ($${J}_{\mathrm{c}}$$

J
c

) and spin currents ($${J}_{\mathrm{s}}$$

J
s

) densities were estimated. $${J}_{\mathrm{s}}$$

J
s

values are similar for the samples deposited on MgO and STO. The saturation magnetic field for the LSSE signal was reached with a magnetic field lower than its bulk counterpart. These results were related to the lattice mismatch between the ZFO films and the substrate, the magnetic response, and the anisotropies present in the samples since a twofold in-plane anisotropy was observed for the sample deposited on Si, while the samples deposited on MgO and SrTiO3 showed a fourfold in-plane anisotropy. Moreover, the presence of a notable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the thin films may be a consequence of the lattice mismatch and at the same time, it can cause the saturation in the LSSE voltage hysteresis loop measured as a function of the external magnetic be reached with a low magnetic field.
Effect of ground state charge transfer and photoinduced charge separation on the energy level alignment at metal halide perovskite/organic charge transport layer interfaces
Authors: Frohloff Lennart , Zu Fengshuo , Shin Dongguen , Koch Norbert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the most promising routes for the future fabrication of solution-processable high-performance solar cells is to employ metal halide perovskites as photoactive material combined with organic semiconductors as charge extraction layers. An essential requirement to obtain high device performance is a proper energy level alignment across the device interfaces. Here, we investigate the interface between a triple cation perovskite and a prototypical electron acceptor molecule. Photoemission spectroscopy reveals a ground state charge transfer induced band bending on either side of the junction, which significantly alters the charge extraction barriers as compared to assumed vacuum level alignment and flat-band conditions. In addition, we demonstrate that upon white light illumination, the energy levels of the organic layer exhibit rigid shifts by up to 0.26 eV with respect to those of the perovskite, revealing a non-constant energy offset between the frontier energy levels of the two materials. Such level shifts of the organic transport layer are fully reversible upon switching on/off the light, indicating an electrostatic origin of this phenomenon caused by unbalanced distribution of photogenerated charge carriers. We therefore stress the importance of determining the energy level alignment at perovskite-based interfaces not only in the electronic ground state (dark) but also under device operating conditions (operando) to enable for a reliable correlation with the device performance.
The clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty is compromised by a previously implanted medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty
Authors: Liebensteiner M. C. , Ruzicka A. , Hinz M. , Leitner H. , Harrasser A. , Dammerer D. , Krismer M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical outcome of patients that underwent conversion of a medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) to a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to compare that outcome to patients that underwent primary TKA. It was hypothesized that those groups would significantly differ in terms of knee score outcome and implant survival.

Methods
A retrospective-comparative study was conducted utilizing data from the Federal state’s arthroplasty registry. Included were patients from our department that undergone a conversion of a medial UKA to a TKA (UKA-TKA group). The Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) from preoperative and 1-year postoperative was used. Moreover, the implant survival was analyzed.

Results
In the UKA-TKA group, there were 51 cases (age 67 ± 10, 74% women), and in the TKA group, there were 2247 cases (age 69 ± 9, 66% women). The one-year postoperative WOMAC total score was 33 in the UKA-TKA group und 21 in the TKA group (p < 0.001). Similarly, the WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness, and WOMAC function scores were significantly worse in the UKA-TKA. After 5 years, the survival rates were 82% and 95% (p = 0.001). The 10-years prosthesis survival was 74% and 91% in the UKA-TKA and TKA groups, respectively (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Based on our findings it is concluded that patients who received a TKA after UKA have inferior results than those that directly receive a TKA. This is true for both patient-reported knee outcome and prosthesis survival. Converting UKA to TKA should not be seen as an easy operation, but should rather be done by surgeons with considerable experience in both primary and revision knee arthroplasty.
Does access through the pronator quadratus influence pronation strength in palmar plate fixation of distal radius fractures in elderly patients?
Authors: Falk Steffi S. I. , Maksimow Anna , Mittlmeier Thomas , Gradl Georg 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Palmar plate fixation of the distal radius fracture involves dissecting the pronator quadratus (PQ). This is regardless of whether the approach is radial or ulnar to the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon. It is not yet clear whether and to what extent this dissection leads to a functional loss of pronation or pronation strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional recovery of pronation and pronation strength after dissection of the PQ without suturing.

Materials and methods

From October 2010 to November 2011, patients aged over 65 with fracture were prospectively enrolled in this study. Fracture stabilisation was performed via the FCR approach without suturing the PQ. Follow-up examinations took place 8 weeks and 12 months postoperatively, and pronation and supination strength were analysed by means of an especially developed measuring device.

Results

212 patients were initially screened and 107 were enrolled. The range of motion compared to the healthy opposite side was Ext/Flex 75/66% 8 weeks postoperatively. Pronation was 97% with a pronation strength of 59%. After 1 year, the scores improved to Ext/Flex 83/80%. Pronation recovered to 99% and pronation strength to 78%.

Conclusion
The present study can show a recovery of pronation as well as pronation strength in a large patient population. At the same time, the pronation strength is still significantly lower 1 year after the operation than on the opposing healthy side. As the pronation strength recovers as the grip strength and is at all times on a par with the supination strength, we believe that we can continue to refrain from re-fixating the pronator quadratus.
Occurrence of Dirofilaria repens in wild carnivores in Poland
Authors: Alsarraf Mustafa , Dwużnik-Szarek Dorota , Hildebrand Joanna , Mierzejewska Ewa Julia , Kloch Agnieszka , Kot Kamila , Kurek Korneliusz , Nowak Sabina , Mysłajek Robert W. , Myśliwy Izabella , Popiołek Marcin , Rodo Anna , Alsarraf Mohammed , Tołkacz Katarzyna , Topolnytska Mariia , Wężyk Dagmara , Bajer Anna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDirofilaria repensis an expanding vector-borne zoonotic parasite of canines and other carnivores. Sub-clinically infected dogs constitute the most important reservoir of the parasite and the source of infection for its mosquito vectors. However, occurrence ofD. repensinfection in wild animals may contribute to the transmission of the parasite to humans and may explain the endemicity of filariae in newly invaded regions. The aim of the current study was to determine the occurrence ofD. repensin 511 blood and spleen samples from seven species of wild carnivores (wolves, red foxes, Eurasian badgers, raccoons, raccoon dogs, stone martens, and pine martens) from different regions of Poland by means of a PCR protocol targeting the 12S rDNA gene.Dirofilaria repens–positive hosts were identified in seven of fourteen voivodeships in four of the seven regions of Poland: Masovia, Lesser Poland, Pomerania and Warmia-Masuria. The highest prevalence was found in Masovia region (8%), coinciding with the highest previously recorded prevalence in dogs in Central Poland. The DNA ofDirofilariawas detected in 16 samples of three species (total prevalence 3.13%). A low and similar percentage of positive samples (1.9%, 4.2% and 4.8%) was recorded among badgers, red foxes, and wolves, respectively.Dirofilaria repens–positive hosts were identified in seven of fourteen voivodships. Based on detection in different voivodeships,D. repens–positive animals were recorded in four out of the seven regions of Poland: in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Pomerania, and Warmia-Masuria. The highest prevalence of filariae was found in Masovia region (8%), reflecting the highest previously recorded prevalence in dogs (12–50%) in Central Poland. In summary, we conducted the first comprehensive study on the epidemiology ofD. repensin seven species of wild hosts in all seven regions of Poland and identified the first case ofD. repensinfection in Eurasian badgers in Poland and the second in Europe.
Electrochemical sensors for the determination of 4-ethylguaiacol in wine
Authors: Portugal-Gómez Paula , Navarro-Cuñado A. Marta , Alonso-Lomillo M. Asunción , Domínguez-Renedo Olga 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of an electrochemical procedure for the determination of 4-ethylguaiacol and its application to wine analysis is described. Modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) with fullerene C60 (C60) have been shown to be efficient in this kind of analysis. The developed activated C60/SPCEs (AC60/SPCEs) were adequate for the determination of 4-ethylguaicol, showing a linear range from 200 to 1000 µg/L, a reproducibility of 7.6% and a capability of detection (CCβ) value of 200 µg/L, under optimized conditions. The selectivity of the AC60/SPCE sensors was evaluated in the presence of possibly interfering compounds, and their practical applicability was demonstrated in the analysis of different wine samples obtaining recoveries ranging from 96 to 106%.
Graphical Abstract
Data generation framework for inverse modeling of nonlinear systems in structural dynamics applications
Authors: Milicevic Pavle , Altay Okyay 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn structural dynamics, response modeling relies on parameters, which are to be identified by experiments. However, for satisfactory results, the design of such experiments is laborious and requires a comprehensive physical insight, which is limited. Furthermore, accurate models are high dimensional and can operate only with a large set of parameters, which increases the experimental effort even more. Efficient data sampling methods have been addressed in studies within areas of design of experiments and active learning. However, generating a data set for nonlinear dynamic systems poses an increased degree of difficulty, since the system needs to be guided through unknown dynamics to collect the desired data points. In this paper, we address this challenge by introducing a theoretical data generation framework for testing-integrated modeling. In the proposed framework, we use feedforward neural networks (FNNs) for inverse modeling of the nonlinear restoring force of the systems. By sequentially evaluating the accuracy of the trained model on a given test data set, the excitation signal applied on the system is adapted to generate optimal response data which allow the FNN model to learn the restoring force behavior. Hence, data generation is posed as an optimization problem and pattern search algorithm is used for sampling. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated, and it is shown that it outperforms unsupervised sampling methods.
Customer-centric and function-oriented development of mechatronic systems
Authors: Zerwas T. , Jacobs G. , Brand L. , Dehn S. , Spütz K. , Höpfner G. , Matz C. , Guist C. , Berroth J. , Konrad C. , Kohl J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSuccessful products at least precisely meet the customers’ expectations and, in the best case, exceed them. To develop successful products, customer expectations must be translated into requirements. With the increasing functionalities of products in recent years, the customers’ expectations regarding product interaction and its behavior in different environmental conditions have also become more extensive. Current approaches of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) enable developing complex mechatronic products seamlessly from requirements to functions and solutions on a parameter level. However, there is a lack of approaches that systematically translate complex customer expectations into functional and design requirements as a starting point for further development.In this contribution we present a method and a corresponding meta-model that allows to systematically formalize the dependencies of different stakeholders and their expectations as well as different environmental conditions and constraints. From these dependencies, operating states are elicited that represent a set of simultaneously valid stakeholder expectations with their corresponding constraints. From these operating states, functional and design requirements are systematically derived as a basis for the model-based design of the system under development. Our meta-model is compatible to the established modeling language SysML, thus, existing approaches for the function-oriented model-based system development can benefit directly from these formally modeled requirements.Our publication signposts the potential for systematic and formal translation of customer expectations into operating states as well as requirements and thus enables a targeted, customer-centric and function-oriented development of mechatronic systems. We applied our method in an interdisciplinary, industrial project using the example of a thermal management system of a battery electric vehicle.
LORA: a local ensemble transform Kalman filter-based ocean research analysis
Authors: Ohishi Shun , Miyoshi Takemasa , Kachi Misako 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe have produced an eddy-resolving local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF)-based ocean research analysis (LORA) for the western North Pacific (WNP) and Maritime Continent (MC) regions (LORA-WNP and LORA-MC, respectively). This paper describes the system configuration and validation comparisons with Japan Coastal Ocean Predictability Experiment 2M (JCOPE2M) reanalysis and Archiving, Validation, and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic Data (AVISO) observational datasets. The results show that the surface horizontal velocity in the LORA-WNP is closer to independent drifter buoy observations in the mid-latitude region, especially along the Kuroshio Extension (KE), and is less close in the subtropical region than the JCOPE2M, although the AVISO is the closest over the whole domain. The sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the LORA-WNP correspond better to assimilated satellite observations than the JCOPE2M over most of the domain except for coastal regions. The results using an independent buoy south of the KE indicate that better fit of temperature in the LORA-WNP may be limited to the upper 300 m depth, probably because of the prescribed vertical localization cutoff length of 370 m. In the MC region, the surface velocity in the LORA-MC is closer to the independent drifter buoys in the equatorial coastal region and is less close in the offshore region than the AVISO. The SSTs in the LORA-MC correspond better to the assimilated satellite observations in the offshore region than the nearshore region. Therefore, the LORA-WNP and LORA-MC have sufficient accuracy for geoscience research applications as well as for fisheries, marine transport, and environment consultants.
On Scaling Properties for Two-State Problems and for a Singularly Perturbed $T_{3}$ Structure
Authors: Raiţă Bogdan , Rüland Angkana , Tissot Camillo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article we study quantitative rigidity properties for the compatible and incompatible two-state problems for suitable classes of$\mathcal{A}$A-free differential inclusions and for a singularly perturbed$T_{3}$T3structure for the divergence operator. In particular, in the compatible setting of the two-state problem we prove that all homogeneous, first order, linear operators with affine boundary data which enforce oscillations yield the typical$\epsilon ^{\frac{2}{3}}$ϵ23-lower scaling bounds. As observed in Chan and Conti (Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 25(06):1091–1124, 2015) for higher order operators this may no longer be the case. Revisiting the example from Chan and Conti (Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 25(06):1091–1124, 2015), we show that this is reflected in the structure of the associated symbols and that this can be exploited for a new Fourier based proof of the lower scaling bound. Moreover, building on Rüland and Tribuzio (Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 243(1):401–431, 2022); Garroni and Nesi (Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. A, Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 460(2046):1789–1806, 2004,https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2003.1249); Palombaro and Ponsiglione (Asymptot. Anal. 40(1):37–49, 2004), we discuss the scaling behavior of a$T_{3}$T3structure for the divergence operator. We prove that as in Rüland and Tribuzio (Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 243(1):401–431, 2022) this yields a non-algebraic scaling law.
Exploiting time-varying RFM measures for customer churn prediction with deep neural networks
Authors: Mena Gary , Coussement Kristof , De Bock Koen W. , De Caigny Arno , Lessmann Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeep neural network (DNN) architectures such as recurrent neural networks and transformers display outstanding performance in modeling sequential unstructured data. However, little is known about their merit to model customer churn with time-varying data. The paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of the ability of recurrent neural networks and transformers for customer churn prediction (CCP) using time-varying behavioral features in the form of recency, frequency, and monetary value (RFM). RFM variables are the backbone of CCP and, more generally, customer behavior forecasting. We examine alternative strategies for integrating time-varying and non-variant customer features in one network architecture. In this scope, we also assess hybrid approaches that incorporate the outputs of DNNs in conventional CCP models. Using a comprehensive panel data set from a large financial services company, we find recurrent neural networks to outperform transformer architectures when focusing on time-varying RFM features. This finding is confirmed when time-invariant customer features are included, independent of the specific form of feature integration. Finally, we find no statistical evidence that hybrid approaches (based on regularized logistic regression and extreme gradient boosting) improve predictive performance—highlighting that DNNs and especially recurrent neural networks are suitable standalone classifiers for CCP using time-varying RFM measures.
Unpacking Inequities in ADHD Diagnosis: Examining Individual-Level Race/Ethnicity and State-Level Online Information-Seeking Patterns
Authors: Zhao Xin , Hayes Timothy , Timmons Adela C. , Wu Wensong , Frazier Stacy L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, persistent, and costly mental health condition. The internet is an increasingly popular source for information related to ADHD. With a nationally representative sample (2018 NSCH), we aimed to separate individual- and state-level effects to examine inequities in ADHD diagnoses. We extracted state-level relative search volumes using “ADHD,” “ADHD treatment,” “ADHD medication,” and “ADHD therapy” from Google Trends, and sociodemographic and clinical variables from the 2018 National Survey of Children’s Health (N = 26,835). We examined state variation in ADHD-related information-seeking and applied multilevel modeling to examine associations among individual-level race/ethnicity, state-level information-seeking patterns, and ADHD diagnoses. Online information seeking related to ADHD varies by state and search term. Individual-level racial/ethnic background and state-level information-seeking patterns were associated with ADHD diagnoses; however, their cross-level interaction was not significant. This study adds to the strong body of evidence documenting geographical variation and diagnostic disparity in mental health and the growing literature on the impact of the digital divide on population health, indicating an urgent need for addressing inequities in mental health care. Increasing public interest in and access to empirically supported online information may increase access to care, especially among people of color.
Harmonizing multi-stakeholder interests to improve forest conservation in Southern Kenya
Authors: Habel Jan Christian , Schultze-Gebhardt Kathrin , Maghenda Marianne , Shauri Halimu , Kioko Esther , Mwagura Lawrence , Teucher Mike 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cloud forests of the Taita Hills are valuable refuges for numerous endemic and rare animal and plant species. They also provide various ecosystem services that support subsistence farming. Due to the large-scale destruction and conversion of these species-rich natural forests into subsistence agriculture and plantations of exotic tree species, most of the natural cloud forest habitats have disappeared and ecosystem services have been significantly diminished. Despite numerous conservation initiatives, the destruction of the Taita Hills forest ecosystem continues, which also lowers livelihood quality of the local people. During a workshop with representatives of GOs, NGOs, researchers and representatives of the local community we identified potential factors which are essential to reverse this negative trend. We found that governance structures urgently need to be strengthened, and that the traditional conservation system needs to get transformed and revitalised. The basic prerequisite is a vital communication among generations, especially between the youth and the elders, as well as and improved communication of scientific knowledge to policy makers and the society. Furthermore, it is essential to harmonize stakeholders’ mandates, policies and actions to efficiently restore this unique forest biodiversity hotspot, and to secure livelihood needs for the local people.