bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of level of monensin on rumen fermentation characteristics in Awassi lambs
Authors: Baiee Razzaq S. M. , Saeed Ali A. 
Published: September 2023

The current study was conducted in the Animal field of the Department of Animal
Production – College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University for the period from 10/10/2019 to
19/1/2020 to investigate the effect of addition of monensin at levels of 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg
concentrate on growth performance of Awassi lambs. First treatment in which lambs were fed
concentrate diet without addition of monensin was considered the control treatment. Sixteen male
Awassi lambs were used with an average weight of 24.85 and 4-6 months of age. The lambs were
randomly distributed to the experimental treatments, four lambs per each using the individual
feeding in the cages. The concentrate diet was offered at a level of 2.75% of the body weight at 2
meals, morning and evening meals, while the ground wheat straw was offered at free choice.
Results revealed no significant effect of level of monensin on pH values, whereas ruminal ammonia
concentrations were significantly decreased (P˂0.05) from 7.54 in the control treatment to 6.08 and
6.45 mg/100 ml due to addition of monensin at levels of 30 and 45 mg/kg. Moreover, addition of
monensin at a level of 30 mg/kg concentrate diet significantly increased (P˂0.05) ruminal
concentration of total volatile fatty acids to 13.76 as compared with 10.99 mM/100 ml for control
treatment. Concentrations of all rumen fermentation characteristics were significantly affected
(P˂0.01) by time of ensiling.
Pathological investigation of liver lesions in slaughtered cattle in Al-Najaf abattoir
Authors: Rasool Ahmed Y. , Al-Dabhawi Ahmed H. 
Published: September 2023

This study has been conducted to examine the macroscopic and histopathologic lesions of liver in
slaughtered cattle at Al-Najaf City, and then the prevalence of these lesions has been listed. Liver of
two hundred cattle slaughtered at the city slaughterhouse of Al-Najaf were collected from beginning
of January to the end of March, 2019 for gross and microscopic investigations. Tissue processing
has been carried out for specimens inspected as tissue lesions were examined under light
microscopy. The results of the macroscopic and microscopic survey showed that there were
variable liver affections in slaughtered cattle. The lesions were arranged from high percentages of
lesions such as fasciolosis (32%) and abscesses (32.5%), to moderate to low percentages such as
hydatidosis (19.5%), tuberculosis (7.5%), fatty degeneration (3%) and coagulative necrosis (1.5%).
The main conclusion of our study revealed that there were high prevalence of liver lesions in
slaughtered cattle in Al-Najaf slaughterhouse (4.69%), that lead to liver condemnation and
economic losses.
Characterization of Biofilm production in XDR Proteus mirabilis isolated from Baghdad city hospitals
Authors: Aziz Rawa Abdul Redha , Mohameed Elaf Sameer 
Published: September 2023

Objective(s): P. mirabilis is considered as extensive drug resistant pathogen in many studies as it
can resist complex antibiotic regimes, such pathogen can be threat to public health, especially when
it has the ability to produce biofilm. Therefore, biofilm production was characterized among XDR
P. mirabilis local isolates in this research.
Material and Methods: 100 P. mirabilis isolated from wound infections from patients admitted to
Baghdad hospitals. They were identified using biochemical test and Vitek2 system. The MIC test
for antibiotic sensitivity was done by Vitek 2 automated system. Biofilm production was identified
phenotypically by twitching motility test, scanning electron microscope, and microtiter plate assay.
Results: It could be revealed that 8/100 isolates were MDR, 90/100 isolates were XDR and pan
drug resistance level was shown in only two isolates. 80% of isolates had motile ability through
twitching assay, and scan electron microscope study revealed that 76% of XDR isolates could
produce different stages of biofilm on coverslip placed in MacConkey broth. Microtiter plate assay
revealed 81% of XDR isolates were biofilm producers.
Conclusion: it could be concluded that extensive drug resistant P. mirabilis can produce biofilm
hence resist several important antibiotics; making treatment of infection among wounded patients is
such a challenge in many hospitals in Baghdad.
The Effect of Lead Time toward Supply Control at Paku Payung Club
Authors: Triadi Setiawan Diki , Nurhasanah  
Published: September 2023

The background of this research is that the company experienced delays in receiving ordered goods due to several reasons, namely the limited activity of suppliers in producing ordered goods, and also delays in transportation in the delivery of goods orders resulting in delays in the supply of goods to the company. The lead time that the company has estimated is 168 hours; due to limited transportation, receiving orders has been delayed, especially in July 2020, which was 192 hours, and in March 2021, which was 144 hours. This study aims to determine the effect of lead time on inventory control of hijab label accessories at Paku Payung Club (PPC). Inventory control is one of the management functions that are very important to determine the level of inventory that must be maintained so that inventory does not run out of goods or otherwise experience excessive inventory. The research was conducted based on data on lead time and company control from July 2020 to July 2021. The research method used is an associative descriptive research method, then the type of quantitative data and ratio scale. Then it is processed using the classical assumption test, regression test, simple correlation test, coefficient of determination test, partial significant hypothesis test (t-test), and simultaneous hypothesis test (f test). The results show that there is an effect of lead time on inventory control at Paku Payung Club, with a correlation coefficient that has a powerful influence. This research is expected to be input for the Paku Payung Club business manager in production planning thus that the business can run effectively and efficiently.
Keywords: Lead time; Inventory Management; Inventory Control
AN OVERVIEW OF THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON SELF-MEDICATING VITAMIN C STUDENTS D III PHARMACY STIKES WDH TANGERANG DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Kristiyowati Anis Dwi 
Published: September 2023

Background: Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble vitamin that is widely used as a body supplement. Misuse of the dosage will cause unwanted side effects such as nausea vomiting, diarrhea, increasing the risk of diabetes. Purpose: This study is to find out an overview of the level of knowledge on self-medicating the use of vitamin C for D III Pharmacy students of STIKes Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: This study is a descriptive study with 96 respondents taken by the cross-sectional method. Data were obtained through questionnaires and analyzed using percentages. Results: The results obtained in this study are the characteristics of respondents based on age Most of them are found at the age of 17-25 years, namely 87.5%, based on gender Most of them are found in women, namely 84.37%, based on work more than half of them are found in those who are not working, namely 52.08%, and based on a history of exposure to covid-19 more than half of them are found in those who have been exposed to covid-19, namely 73.96%, while the characteristics of respondents' knowledge about the use of well-informed vitamin C were highest based on the age of 17-25 years as much as 84.37%, in the female sex as much as 81.25%, in unemployed work as much as 50%, in the history of exposure to covid-19 who had been exposed to covid-19 as much as 70.83%. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the concentration of the level of knowledge on self-medicating the use of vitamin C for D III Pharmacy students of STIKes Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang during the Covid-19 pandemic was 96.88% included in the "Good" category.
Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Swamedikasi Obat Analgetik pada Siswa di SMAN 3 Cirebon
Authors: Berlian Febia Nurrahma , Zuniarto Ahmad Azrul , Pandanwangi Siti , Rubihatlan Encis , Maula Ajni Minhatul , Alfawwaz Azriel Farhan , Salafi Akil , Virgianti Deby Sri 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKSwamedikasi adalah pemilihan dan penggunaan obat oleh individu atau anggota keluarga tanpa instruktur okter, untuk mengobati kondisi yang dikenali ataupun didiagnosis sendiri. Analgetic atau yang sering disebut dengan obat penghalang rasa nyeri tanpa menghilangkan kesadaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang swamedikasi obat analgetik di SMAN 3 Cirebon, untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa tentang swamedikasi obat analgetik di SMAN 3 Cirebon, untuk mengetahui tingkat tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi siswa terhadap swamedikasi obat analgetik berdasarkan karakteristik siswa, dan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi siswa terhadap swamedikasi obat analgetik berdasarkan indikator soal yang dinilai. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desaain deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan e-quisioner (google form) yang diberikan kepada 82 respponden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Teknik analisa data penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi siswa tentang swamedikasi obat analgetik di SMAN 3 Cirebon diketahui tingkat pengetahuan memperoleh nilai rata-rata 78,96% termasuk kedalam kategori baik. Dan persepsi siswa memperoleh nilai rata-rata 83,63% termasuk kedalam kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan karakteristik responden yang mempunyai pengetahuan baik dan persepsi dangat baik paling banyak terdapat pada usia 16 tahun, jenis kelamin perempuan, pekerjaan orangtua sebagai karyawan swasta, nyeri yang di derita responden 1 bulan terkahir yaitu nyeri badan/otot, Riwayat penggunaan obat yaitu parasetamol dan tempat mendapatkan obat yaitu Apotek. Tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang swamedikasi obat analgetik berdasarkan indicator soal yang dinilai dengan benar yaitu : 78,66% pada indikator tingkat keamanan dan ketepatan penggunaan obat, 74,39% pada indikator dosis obat, 93,9% pada indikator kegunaan obat obat, 64,63% pada indikator cara penggunaan obat 74,39% pada inidkator efek samping obat, 89,02% pada inidkator cara penyimpanan, 97,56% pada indicator waktu kadaluwarsa obat, dan 64,63% pada inidkator pemusnahan obat.Kata kunci: Swamedikasi, Analgetik, Tingkat Pengetahuan, Persepsi
UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) TERHADAP Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Wisdyafanny Marcelina Wandan , Silviani Yusianti 
Published: September 2023

Acne vulgaris atau jerawat dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri, salah satunya Staphylococcus epidermidis yang akan menghasilkan enzim lipolitik yang mengubah sebum menjadi massa padat, kemudian akan menyumbat saluran kelenjar sebasea. Daun pala mengandung senyawa saponin, triterpenoid, tanin, dan flavonoid sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif eksperimental untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah data primer yaitu berdasarkan hasil zona hambat terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan pemberian ekstrak etanol daun pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pala dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis. Rata-rata diameter zona hambat ekstrak daun pala yang terbentuk pada konsentransi 20% yaitu sebesar 10,45 mm, pada konsentrasi 40% yaitu sebesar 11,4 mm, pada konsentrasi 60% yaitu sebesar 11,9 mm, pada konsentrasi 80% yaitu sebesar 12,35 mm, dan pada konsentrasi 100% yaitu sebesar 12,6 mm. Konsentrasi 100% mampu menghambat Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat paling luas yaitu sebesar 12,6 mm.
Wujud Partisipasi Masyarakat Suku Dayak Ma’anyan Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Di SMA
Authors: Eshariyani  
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keikutsertaan orang tua dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan sekolah dasar dilihat dari substansi dan manajemen sekolah. Ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah komparatif yang melibatkan SMAN-1 benua Lima di Kabupaten Barito Timur, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia. Pilihan pada sekolah yang diteliti didasarkan pada rekomendasi dari kantor pendidikan berkaitan dengan wujud Partisipasi Masyarakat suku Dayak Ma’anyan di Barito Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Analisis data melalui empat tahapan yaitu kondensasi data, mode data, dan memverifikasi kesipulan. Hasil analisis data menemukan bahwa wujud partisipasi masyarakat suku Dayak Ma’anyan dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan SMA. Pertama: Kesediaan orang tua mengawasi perkembangan pribadi dan proses belajar belajar di rumah, memberi fasilitas kepada anak, dan sebagai pengawas, mengevaluasi, program sekolah; kedua, Krisis kepercayaan pengunaan dana; Ketiga: Adanya buah pikiran atau nasehat dari orang tua, tokoh-tokoh agama dan tokoh adat.
Deploying Zero-energy Technologies to Reduce PHL of Horticulture crops for improving Farmers’ Economic Welfare in Tanzania
Authors: KAMUGISHA PROSCOVIA 
Published: September 2023

Tanzanian Fruits and Vegetables (F&V) industry employs more than 4.5 million people whose 70% are women and grew at 11% annually in the last decade. Despite the vital role played by F&V industry, the sub-sector experiences huge Post-Harvest Losses (PHL) accounting for up to 60% of the total produce. These losses threaten sustainability of the production, enlarge Food & nutrition insecurity concerns, deprive economic use of the produced crops, increase prices of crops and reduce amounts of consumer expenditure to reach farmers. This paper employed semi-systematic approach and content analysis to unveil potentials of using Zero Energy technologies to lessen PHL in Tanzania’s F&V industry. Search queries namely; ‘postharvest losses (PHL) management, Tanzania Fruits and Vegetables and Zero Energy technologies’ were used to solicit literature from reliable bibliographic databases including Google scholar, JUSTOR and Science Direct. Results showed that a number of practices and technologies to handle F&V including manual harvesting, non-refrigerated transport modes; and traditional storage facilities such as bamboo baskets, plant leaves % open spaces under the shade. Deploying usage of ZECC to address PHL of F&V would lower food losses amounted to 2,093,583tons of fruits and 587,569 tons of vegetables per annum whose value amounts to 4.6 trillion and 1.4 trillion Tanzanian shillings respectively. The value of PHL for both fruits and vegetables (six trillion) were enough to pay annual public servants’ salaries or the government annual debt by 87% in 2021/2022. Moreover, the spreading effect would enhance food and nutrition security, improve affordability of F&V to consumers and raise farmers’ income. Indeed, reduction of PHL in the F&V industry will lead to economic empowerment of women involved in the F&V sub sector.
Knowledge and Perceptions on Overweight and Obesity among Adults in Same District, Tanzania
Authors: Massawe Emanuela Selestine , Msollo Safiness Simon 
Published: September 2023

Overweight and obesity are nutritional problems requiring great attention in both developed and developing countries where nutrition knowledge is confined to few people allied with health sectors. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge and perception about overweight and obesity among 362 adults aged 25-55 years in Same District, Kilimanjaro Region. This age group comprises active people at higher risk of non-communicable diseases, and much of the effects may not be due to aging. A structured questionnaire was administered through a face-to-face interview to obtain demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge and perception about overweight and obesity. Standard WHO Anthropometric procedure of weight and height measurement was used to obtain Body Mass Index (BMI) which was categorized as normal (18.5-24.9kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9kg/m2) and obesity (≥30 kg/m2). A high prevalence of overweight (23%) and obesity (17%) was observed among adults. Women were more overweight (28%) and obese (23%) as compared to men (14%) and (6%) respectively. About 80% perceived their body weight as being normal but in reality, only 51% were confirmed to be normal. Also, 22% of overweight respondents perceived their body weight as normal and 10.5% of obese people perceived their BMI as being overweight. Nevertheless, 60% perceived an obese person as healthy and rich and 26% perceived a thin person as poor and unhealthy because they associated thinness with illness such as HIV/AIDS. Obesity was significantly related to income, sex, parity of the mother, education levels, perception and employment status at P<0.005. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity, lack of nutrition knowledge and poor perception about body weight may increase the risks of developing non-communicable diseases. Hence, these findings will assist health-related stakeholders to design appropriate interventions to reduce the problems.
Guía didáctica de la inteligencia espacial en el desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo en niños/as de 4 a 5 años en educación inicial y básica
Authors: Pérez Gaibor M.Sc. Nancy Concepción , Chávez Gavilánez M.Sc. Edwin Olmedo , Yánez Arteaga M.Sc. Wilian Alberto , Vàsconez Torres M.Sc. Manolo Javier 
Published: September 2023

El siguiente estudio tiene como objetivo principal desarrollar y aplicar la guía didáctica basada en la inteligencia espacial para el desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo en los niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años en la Unidad Educativa Manuel de Echeandía del cantón Guaranda en el periodo lectivo 2017-2018. Lo cual contribuye para que los niños y niñas desarrollen habilidades para reconocer objetos, imaginar movimientos, desplazamientos, relaciones espaciales, resolución de problemas y cómo esto influye para lograr el aprendizaje significativo que no es otra cosa que un aprendizaje a largo plazo, reflexivo, crítico, no memorístico. La actual investigación se basa en la metodología que según el propósito es investigación aplicada, según el lugar investigación de campo, según el objeto de estudio investigación experimental, según la fuente de investigación bibliográfica, según el método a utilizar inductivo. Consecuentemente el diseño de la investigación es experimental ya que el investigador aplica la guía didáctica de inteligencia espacial, también el diseño es longitudinal porque se realiza un estudio en dos periodos de tiempo (pre y post) y el tipo de estudio aplicado es cuantitativo por lo cual se utiliza la ficha de observación que proporciona información proveniente de la observación directa del desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo de una población considerada finita de 33 estudiantes por lo cual no se considera una muestra debido a que la población es pequeña, en la cual luego de realizar la estadística descriptiva se determina que la distribución de los datos no es normal, por ende, se aplica la estadística no paramétrica prueba de rangos con signos de Wilcoxon con un nivel de confianza de 95% y un margen de error de un 5%, subsecuentemente se realiza un análisis detallado de cada uno de los indicadores establecidos en la presente investigación en la cual permite determinar que:
El nivel de desarrollo del trabajo abierto incrementó 0,77 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 25,66%, el nivel de desarrollo de la motivación incrementó 0,99 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 33%, el nivel de desarrollo de la creatividad aumentó 1,00 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 33,33%, el nivel de desarrollo del mapa conceptual incrementó 1,32 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 43,84%. En base a todos los datos mencionados anteriormente se determina que la guía didáctica basada en la inteligencia espacial influye en el desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo en los niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años en la Unidad Educativa Manuel de Echeandía del cantón Guaranda en el periodo lectivo 2017-2018.
Pentingnya Peran Orang Tua Terhadap Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Octavia Vidya Suci , Gussevi Sofia , Supendi Dede 
Published: September 2023

Kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak usia dini terkadang menjadi keresahan para orang tua, adanya anak usia dini yang kerap mengeluh merasakan sakit pada gigi karena kurangnya perawatan kebersihan gigi pada anak, dalam hal ini tentu peran orang tua sangatlah penting, mengingat anak usia dini masih harus terus diberikan pengarahan, pengawasan dalam merawat dirinya sendiri, peneliti melihat adanya anak yang kondisi gigi dan mulutnya tergolong dalam kategori kurang baik dan peneliti berusaha mencari solusi untuk hal tersebut. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini, peneliti berupaya memberikan solusi mengenai pentingnya peran orang tua dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak usia dini agar terjalinnya kerjasama antara anak dan orang tua dalam merawat kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Sasaran pada penelitian ini adalah Ibu di Posyandu Kampung Sukajaga dengan jumlah sampel dalam penilitian adalah 10 anak usia dini. Peran orang tua tentang kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak sebelum dilakukan tindakan adalah kurang baik sebesar 8 orang (80%). Sedangkan peran orang tua tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak sesudah dilakukan tindakan adalah baik sebesar 7 orang (70%). Ada pengaruh kebersihan dan kesehatan melalui tindakan yang dilakukan peneliti terhadap peran orang tua dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak usia dini di Posyandu Kampung Sukajaga Desa Cihanjawar.
Pre-landing Assessment of the Surface and Shallow Subsurface Thermal Setting of Mare Crisium of the Moon for the Heat Flow Measurement Planned on the Blue Ghost 1 Mission
Authors: Nagihara Seiichi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In 2024, under NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services initiative, a robotic lander will touch down in Mare Crisium of the Moon and deploy a heat flow probe. Ideally, the probe should penetrate the regolith deep enough (1.5–2 m) to avoid the influence of insolation, but it is a major challenge to excavate such a hole on a robotic mission. The present study assesses the insolation-induced temperature fluctuation in the shallower subsurface of the landing site in case the heat flow probe does not reach past that depth. The assessment was based on a newly constructed, one-dimensional heat conduction model, which accounted for the history of solar heat intake at the landing site for the past 100 yr. The thermal properties of the subsurface regolith of the model were constrained by the previous surface temperature observations by flyovers of NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and the subsurface thermal measurement data from Apollo 17. The model showed that the amplitude of the insolation-induced annual subsurface temperature fluctuation is modulated by the 18.6 yr period precession of the Moon. The model also showed that the amplitude of this annual wave would be at (or close to) its minimum in 2024, when the mission would take place. Even though the thermal wave may be felt at depths greater than 1.5 m, because of its small amplitude, the thermal gradient in the depth range from 1 to 1.5 m would be within several percent of the gradient representative of the endogenic heat flow.