bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Current Practices and Future Trends in Body Fluid Testing
Authors: Cotten Steven W , Block Darci R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Body fluid testing in the clinical chemistry laboratory is a cornerstone in the diagnostic workup of pathological effusions. Laboratorians may not be aware of the preanalytical workflows used in the collection of body fluids though the value is evident whenever processes change or issues arise. The analytical validation requirements can vary depending on the regulations dictated by the laboratories’ jurisdiction and accreditor requirements. Much of analytical validation hinges on how useful testing is to clinical care. Usefulness of testing varies with how well established and incorporated the tests and interpretation are in practice guidelines.

Content
Body fluid collections are depicted and described so clinical laboratorians have a basic appreciation of what specimens are submitted to the laboratory for testing. A review of validation requirements by major laboratory accreditation entities is presented. A review of the usefulness and proposed decision limits for common body fluid chemistry analytes is presented. Body fluid tests that show promise and those that are losing (or lost long ago) value are also reviewed.

Summary
The total testing process from collection to result interpretation can be complicated and easily overlooked by the clinical laboratory. This review aims to improve the understanding and awareness of collections, validation, result interpretation, and provide an update on recent trends.
Pediatric Reference Value Profiling of Essential Trace and Toxic Elements in Healthy Children and Adolescents Using High-Resolution and Triple Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Bohn Mary Kathryn , Nichols Matthew , Yang Liju , Bhayana Vipin , Macri Joseph , Adeli Khosrow 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Assessment of trace and toxic element status is important for the diagnosis and monitoring of several pediatric conditions. Elemental deficiency and toxicity have serious implications, particularly in pediatrics wherein risk is higher. Pediatric reference intervals (RIs) for trace elements and normal exposure limits for toxic elements are lacking on modern analytical systems. Herein, reference values were established for 13 plasma and 22 whole blood trace elements in the Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) cohort of healthy children and adolescents.

Methods
Approximately 320 healthy children and adolescents were recruited with informed consent. Trace elements were measured in whole blood and plasma samples using 2 technologies: (a) triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) (n = 172) and (b) high-resolution sector field ICPMS (HR-SF-ICPMS) (n =161). RIs and normal exposure limits were then established according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.

Results
Of all elements assessed, none required sex partitioning and 8 required age partitioning (e.g., copper, manganese, and cadmium). Reference value distributions determined via ICP-MS/MS and HR-SF-ICPMS demonstrated excellent concordance, with few exceptions (e.g., molybdenum, cobalt, and nickel).

Conclusions
These data represent the first study wherein pediatric RIs and normal exposure limits were derived simultaneously on 2 different clinically validated MS platforms which provide urgently needed data to inform clinical decision-making for trace elements in pediatrics. Study findings suggest some trace elements require age-specific consideration for appropriate interpretation. Highly concordant observations across the 2 analytical methods also demonstrate the comparability and reliability of results obtained on both platforms.
Automated identification of eviction status from electronic health record notes
Authors: Yao Zonghai , Tsai Jack , Liu Weisong , Levy David A , Druhl Emily , Reisman Joel I , Yu Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
Evictions are important social and behavioral determinants of health. Evictions are associated with a cascade of negative events that can lead to unemployment, housing insecurity/homelessness, long-term poverty, and mental health problems. In this study, we developed a natural language processing system to automatically detect eviction status from electronic health record (EHR) notes.

Materials and Methods
We first defined eviction status (eviction presence and eviction period) and then annotated eviction status in 5000 EHR notes from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). We developed a novel model, KIRESH, that has shown to substantially outperform other state-of-the-art models such as fine-tuning pretrained language models like BioBERT and Bio_ClinicalBERT. Moreover, we designed a novel prompt to further improve the model performance by using the intrinsic connection between the 2 subtasks of eviction presence and period prediction. Finally, we used the Temperature Scaling-based Calibration on our KIRESH-Prompt method to avoid overconfidence issues arising from the imbalance dataset.

Results
KIRESH-Prompt substantially outperformed strong baseline models including fine-tuning the Bio_ClinicalBERT model to achieve 0.74672 MCC, 0.71153 Macro-F1, and 0.83396 Micro-F1 in predicting eviction period and 0.66827 MCC, 0.62734 Macro-F1, and 0.7863 Micro-F1 in predicting eviction presence. We also conducted additional experiments on a benchmark social determinants of health (SBDH) dataset to demonstrate the generalizability of our methods.

Conclusion and Future Work
KIRESH-Prompt has substantially improved eviction status classification. We plan to deploy KIRESH-Prompt to the VHA EHRs as an eviction surveillance system to help address the US Veterans’ housing insecurity.
A New Ex Vivo Human Skin Burn Model
Authors: Labouchère Ania , Haselbach Daniel , Michetti Murielle , Pythoud Catherine , Raffoul Wassim , Applegate Lee Ann , Hirt-Burri Nathalie , de Buys Roessingh Anthony 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Currently, most burn models for preclinical testing are on animals. For obvious ethical, anatomical, and physiological reasons, these models could be replaced with optimized ex vivo systems. The creation of a burn model on human skin using a pulsed dye laser could represent a relevant model for preclinical research. Six samples of excess human abdominal skin were obtained within one hour after surgery. Burn injuries were induced on small samples of cleaned skin using a pulsed dye laser on skin samples, at varying fluences, pulse numbers and illumination duration. In total, 70 burn injuries were performed on skin ex vivo before being histologically and dermato-pathologically analyzed. Irradiated burned skin samples were classified with a specified code representing burn degrees. Then, a selection of samples was inspected after 14 and 21 days to assess their capacity to heal spontaneously and re-epithelize. We determined the parameters of a pulsed dye laser inducing first, second, and third degree burns on human skin and with fixed parameters, especially superficial and deep second degree burns. After 21 days with the ex vivo model, neo-epidermis was formed. Our results showed that this simple, rapid, user-independent process creates reproducible and uniform burns of different, predictable degrees that are close to clinical reality. Human skin ex vivo models can be an alternative to and complete animal experimentation, particularly for preclinical large screening. This model could be used to foster the testing of new treatments on standardized degrees of burn injuries and thus improve therapeutic strategies.
Changes in cancer mortality after Medicaid expansion and the role of stage at diagnosis
Authors: Barnes Justin M , Johnson Kimberly J , Osazuwa-Peters Nosayaba , Yabroff K Robin , Chino Fumiko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Medicaid expansion is associated with improved survival following cancer diagnosis. However, little research has assessed how changes in cancer stage may mediate improved cancer mortality or how expansion may have decreased population-level cancer mortality rates.

Methods
Nationwide state-level cancer data from 2001 to 2019 for individuals ages 20-64 years were obtained from the combined Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results National Program of Cancer Registries (incidence) and the National Center for Health Statistics (mortality) databases. We estimated changes in distant stage cancer incidence and cancer mortality rates from pre- to post-2014 in expansion vs nonexpansion states using generalized estimating equations with robust standard errors. Mediation analyses were used to assess whether distant stage cancer incidence mediated changes in cancer mortality.

Results
There were 17 370 state-level observations. For all cancers combined, there were Medicaid expansion–associated decreases in distant stage cancer incidence (adjusted odds ratio = 0.967, 95% confidence interval  = 0.943 to 0.992; P = .01) and cancer mortality (adjusted odds ratio = 0.965, 95% confidence interval = 0.936 to 0.995; P = .022). This translates to 2591 averted distant stage cancer diagnoses and 1616 averted cancer deaths in the Medicaid expansion states. Distant stage cancer incidence mediated 58.4% of expansion-associated changes in cancer mortality overall (P = .008). By cancer site subgroups, there were expansion-associated decreases in breast, cervix, and liver cancer mortality.

Conclusions
Medicaid expansion was associated with decreased distant stage cancer incidence and cancer mortality. Approximately 60% of the expansion-associated changes in cancer mortality overall were mediated by distant stage diagnoses.
Whole Stand Variable Density Yield Equations for Oak-Gum-Cypress Bottomland Hardwood Forests
Authors: Aryal Suchana , McConnell T Eric , Poudel Krishna , Polinko Adam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Variable density yield equations were constructed using fuzzy linear regression for bottomland oak-gum-cypress forests along the US Gulf Coast and lower Mississippi River Delta region. The USDA Forest Service (Forest Service)’s Forest Inventory and Analysis program provided plot data (n = 526). Predictors included stand age, growing stock basal area per acre, sweetgum site index (base age 50 years), and US Environmental Protection Agency ecoregion dummy variables located in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Texas. Dependent variables were per acre growing stock cubic foot yield (GSV) and Doyle board foot sawlog yield (SLV). Plots averaged 58 years, 90 ft2/ac basal area, 79 ft site index, 2,556 ft3/ac GSV, and 11,183 Doyle bf/ac SLV. Adjusted R2 were 0.98 (GSV) and 0.77 (SLV). Basal area possessed fuzziness in the GSV model, whereas the SLV model’s intercept was fuzzy. Six ecoregions possessed fuzziness in each model, but these were not identical across models.
(054) Correlation between Libido and Testosterone: Estradiol Ratio in Men with Sexual Dysfunction
Authors: Pedrenho Neto R , Chiesa Gouveia Nascimento B , Dos Santos Sobreira Nunes R , Pedro Gismondi J , De Bessa Junior J , Carlos Nahas W , Hallak J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Sexual desire drives men to seek sexual activity and have a positive effect on cognitive function, emotional, affective state and affecting the quality of life. This dynamic process is impacted by several factors including the cognitive, neurophysiological and affective spheres. Hormonal balance, including Testosterone (T) and Estradiol (E), is a is also one of the knownwell- known associated factors affecting to sexual desire.libido.

Objective
Our aim was to evaluate the correlation between libido reduction and hormonal profile (HP), including the Testosterone(T):Estradiol(E) ratio.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of medical records of sexual medicine consultations in a tertiary care center was performed. Patients were systematically questioned if they perceived their libido decreased using the following question (“Do you believe your libido or sexual desire has decreased in the last few months?”), and all had morning HP checked (Total and free testosterone, SHBG, E2, LH, FSH). HP was categorized into the following groups: Low T (T 100 and Low T:E ratio 35ng/dl) were excluded. Comparison of HP between men who referred decreased libido and those who did not was performed, and the relationship between the different parameters and sexual desire were studied by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results
Data from 273 patients were available for analysis evaluated, with amean age of 61 y (± 10) y. From them, 264 (97%) reported being heterosexual and 210 (77%) had a steady partner. From this sample, 25% had low T levels. The percentage of patients referring decreased libido was 30%. In the Low T group, 42% reported decrease of Libido (OR 1,9; 95% IC: 1,08- 3,73; p=0,01) and 52% of the Low T:E ratio group reported decrease of Libido (OR 3,47; 95% IC: 1,79-6,46; p=0,001). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, we found the T:E ratio was associated with decreased of libido, irrespective of T status.

Conclusions
In this study, our sample of men seeking treatment for sexual dysfunction, low T and low T:E ratio was significantly correlated with perceived decreased libido. Recognizing the imbalance of T:E ratio can help clinicians to identify men with low sexual desire and their best management. Further studies are necessary to confirm this data, and understand how treatment affects those parameters and if this should be addressed in clinical practice.

Disclosure
No
(143) Hostile Field: Surgical Management Strategies After Multiple Explants of Artificial Urinary Sphincters
Authors: Lopategui D , Demus T , Cordon B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Placement of artificial urinary sphincters (AUS) is the gold standard treatment for moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence in men. Erosion, infection, and mechanical malfunction of the AUS are well known complications that require removal of the device. Replacement of AUS after several explants represents a surgical challenge and is performed by a minority of urologists.

Objective
We describe our experience with management of complex cases after multiple AUS complications.

Methods
Retrospective review of patients who underwent artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) removal after prior device explantations. Surgical and clinical data was collected, including demographic characteristics, indication for AUS explantation, number of prior AUS, presence of an IPP, and surgical outcomes and complications. Descriptive statistics were used for both categorical and nominal variables.

Results
Between 2017 and 2021, 8 patients presented with recurrent stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with a history of AUS with or without explant. 2 patients presented with one prior AUS, 1 patient with two prior, 4 patients with 3 prior AUS, and 1 patient with 4 prior AUS. 5/8 patients achieved &gt;90% continence following one revision. The remaining patients underwent cuff downsizing. 1 patient failed multiple revisions and required urethral ligation with permanent suprapubic tube placement (SPT). Patient history and surgical course is summarized in Table 1.

Conclusions
AUS placement after multiple explants presents a surgical challenge. It is associated with a higher rate of complications and need for explant. It is however feasible and safe, and can provide resolution of incontinence to the majority of patients. In patients with a devastated urethra where additional AUS does not seem feasible a urinary diversion or urethral ligation with SPT may be a satisfactory alternative.

Disclosure
No
Heterotopic Ossification Formation in Military Beneficiaries Following Hip- and Pelvic-Level Amputations
Authors: Porter Kaitlin S , Harrington Colin J , Babikian Aline , Heltzel David , Potter Benjamin K , Smith Douglas G , Pasquina Paul F 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Traumatic hip and pelvic level amputations are uncommon but devastating injuries and associated with numerous complications that can significantly affect quality of life for these patients. While heterotopic ossification (HO) formation has been reported at rates of up to 90% following traumatic, combat-related amputations, previous studies included few patients with more proximal hip and pelvic level amputations.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of the Military Health System medical record and identified patients with both traumatic and disease-related hip- and pelvic-level amputations performed between 2001 and 2017. We reviewed the most recent pelvis radiograph at least 3 months following amputation to determine bony resection level and the association between HO formation and reason for amputation (trauma versus disease related).

Results
Of 93 patients with post-amputation pelvis radiographs available, 66% (n = 61) had hip-level amputations and 34% (n = 32) had a hemipelvectomy. The median duration from the initial injury or surgery to the most recent radiograph was 393 days (interquartile range, 73–1,094). HO occurred in 75% of patients. Amputation secondary to trauma was a significant predictor of HO formation (χ2 = 24.58; P &lt; .0001); however, there was no apparent relationship between the severity of HO and traumatic versus non-traumatic etiology (χ2 = 2.92; P = .09).

Conclusions
Amputations at the hip were more common than pelvic-level amputations in this study population, and three-fourths of hip- and pelvic-level amputation patients had radiographic evidence of HO. The rate of HO formation following blast injuries and other trauma was significantly higher compared with patients with non-traumatic amputations.
Studying the warm hot intergalactic medium in emission: a reprise
Authors: Parimbelli G , Branchini E , Viel M , Villaescusa-Navarro F , ZuHone J 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) contains a significant portion of the ‘missing baryons’. Its detection in emission remains a challenge. Integral field spectrometers like X-IFU on board of the Athena satellite will secure WHIM detection in absorption and emission and, for the first time, allow us to investigate its physical properties. In our research, we use the CAMELS simulations to model the surface brightness maps of the OVII and OVIII ion lines and compute summary statistics like photon counts and 2-point correlation functions to infer the properties of the WHIM. Our findings confirm that detectable WHIM emission is primarily associated with galaxy haloes, and the properties of the WHIM show minimal evolution from z ∼ 0.5 to the present time. By exploring a wide range of parameters within the CAMELS suite, we investigate the sensitivity of WHIM properties to cosmology and energy feedback mechanisms influenced by active galactic nuclei and stellar activity. This approach allows us to separate the cosmological aspects from the baryonic processes and place constraints on the latter. Additionally, we provide forecasts for WHIM observations using a spectrometer similar to X-IFU. We anticipate detecting 1–3 WHIM emission lines per pixel and mapping the WHIM emission profile around haloes up to a few tens of arcminutes, surpassing the typical size of a WHIM emitter. Overall, our work demonstrates the potential of emission studies to probe the densest phase of the WHIM, shedding light on its physical properties and offering insights into the cosmological and baryonic processes at play.
A twisted and precessing Cepheid warp in the outer Milky Way disc
Authors: Dehnen Walter , Semczuk Marcin , Schönrich Ralph 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We examine the Galactic warp in a sample of all classical Cepheids with Gaia Data Release 3 radial velocity. In each radial bin, we determine (1) the inclined plane normal to the mean orbital angular momentum of the stars and (2) that best fitting their positions. We find no warping inside $R\approx 11\,$kpc; for larger R, the disc is increasingly inclined, reaching i ∼ 3° at $R\ge 14\,$kpc. With larger R, the azimuth of the warp’s ascending node shifts from φlon ≈ −15° at 11 kpc by about 14° kpc−1 in the direction of Galactic rotation, implying a leading spiral of nodes, the general behaviour of warped galaxies. From the method of fitting planes to the positions, we also obtain ${\dot{\varphi }}_{\mathrm{lon}}$ and find prograde precession of ${\dot{\varphi }}_{\mathrm{lon}}\sim 12\, \rm{km{}\,s^{-1}{}\,kpc^{-1}}$ at 12 kpc decreasing to ${\sim}\,6\, \rm{km{}\,s^{-1}{}\,kpc^{-1}}$ at 14 kpc and beyond. This would unwind the leading spiral of nodes in ${\sim}\,100\,$Myr, suggesting that our instantaneous measurements of ${\dot{\varphi }}_{\mathrm{lon}}$ reflect transient behaviour. This is consistent with existing simulations, which show oscillations in ${\dot{\varphi }}_{\mathrm{lon}}$ overlaying a long-term retrograde differential precession that generates the leading spiral of nodes.
Investigating kinematics and dynamics of three open clusters towards Galactic anticentre
Authors: Rangwal Geeta , Yadav R K S , Bisht D , Durgapal Alok , Sariya Devesh P 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the intracluster kinematics and dynamics of three open clusters: NGC 1193, NGC 2355, and King 12 by incorporating kinematical and photometric data from Gaia DR3, as well as a ground-based telescope. After selecting cluster members based on proper motion data, clusters’ fundamental and structural parameters are investigated. We found the clusters at distances of 4.45, 1.97, and 3.34 kpc from the Sun in the direction of the Galactic anticentre. The luminosity function of the cluster NGC 1193 is flat, whereas it advances towards the fainter ends of the other two clusters. We observed a dip in the luminosity function of King 12. The mass function slopes for all three clusters differ from the solar neighbourhood reported by Salpeter, with NGC 1193 and NGC 2355 being flatter and King 12 having a higher value than the Salpeter value. The intra-cluster kinematics depict that stars in King 12 are moving outwards due to tidal forces from the Galactic disc, which we confirmed by plotting the cluster’s orbit in the Galaxy. Stars in NGC 2355 are moving with smaller relative velocities and have zero mean relative motion, which signifies that the cluster is neither contracting nor evaporating. The Galactic orbits of NGC 1193 suggest that it is orbiting farther from the Galactic disc, and so is less impacted by the Galactic tidal forces.
Mitochondria-targeted cyclometalated iridium-β-carboline complexes as potent non-small cell lung cancer therapeutic agents
Authors: Chen Jincan , Guo Xinhua , Li Dunhui , Tang Hong , Gao Jie , Yu Wenzhu , Zhu Xufeng , Sun Zirong , Huang Zunnan , Chen Lanmei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Natural products and metals play a crucial role in cancer research and the development of antitumor drugs. We designed and synthesized three new carboline-based cyclometalated iridium complexes [Ir(C-N)2(PPβC)](PF6), where PPβC = N-(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-yl)-1-phenyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide, C-N = 2-phenylpyridine (ppy, Ir1), 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl) pyridine (dfppy, Ir2), 7,8-benzoquinoline (bzq, Ir3), by combining iridium with β-carboline derivative. These iridium complexes exhibited high potential antitumor effects after being promptly taken up by A549 cells. Accumulating in mitochondria rapidly and preferentially, Ir1-3 caused a series of changes in mitochondrial events, including the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the depletion of cellular ATP, and the elevation of reactive oxygen species, leading to significant death of A549 cells. Moreover, the activation of intracellular caspase pathway and apoptosis was further validated to contribute to iridium complexes-induced cytotoxicity. These novel iridium complexes exerted a prominent inhibitory effect on tumor growth in a three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroid model.