bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal orientation-dependent tensile mechanical behavior and deformation mechanisms of zinc-blende ZnSe nanowires
Authors: Islam A. S. M. Jannatul , Hasan Md. Sayed , Islam Md. Sherajul , Bhuiyan Ashraful G. , Stampfl Catherine , Park Jeongwon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCrystal deformation mechanisms and mechanical behaviors in semiconductor nanowires (NWs), in particular ZnSe NWs, exhibit a strong orientation dependence. However, very little is known about tensile deformation mechanisms for different crystal orientations. Here, the dependence of crystal orientations on mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of zinc-blende ZnSe NWs are explored using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the fracture strength of [111]-oriented ZnSe NWs shows a higher value than that of [110] and [100]-oriented ZnSe NWs. Square shape ZnSe NWs show greater value in terms of fracture strength and elastic modulus compared to a hexagonal shape at all considered diameters. With increasing temperature, the fracture stress and elastic modulus exhibit a sharp decrease. It is observed that the {111} planes are the deformation planes at lower temperatures for the [100] orientation; conversely, when the temperature is increased, the {100} plane is activated and contributes as the second principal cleavage plane. Most importantly, the [110]-directed ZnSe NWs show the highest strain rate sensitivity compared to the other orientations due to the formation of many different cleavage planes with increasing strain rates. The calculated radial distribution function and potential energy per atom further validates the obtained results. This study is very important for the future development of efficient and reliable ZnSe NWs-based nanodevices and nanomechanical systems.
Evaluation of the growth, adaption, and ecosystem services of two potentially-introduced urban tree species in Guangzhou under drought stress
Authors: Zhang Muhan , Ni Yuan , Li Mingwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnder rapid urbanization and agglomeration of population, cities are facing various environmental challenges. As urban forests play a crucial role in mitigating native environmental problems and providing ecosystem services, cities might enhance their urban forest construction through multiple approaches, of which the introduction of exotic tree species could be an effective way. Under the background of constructing a high-quality forest city, Guangzhou was considering introducing a series of exotic tree species to improve the local urban greening, among which Tilia cordata Mill. and Tilia tomentosa Moench became the potential objects. As Guangzhou was reported to experience higher temperatures with less precipitation and face drought events with increasing frequency and intensity, whether the two tree species could survive in the dry environment required to be investigated profoundly. Thus, we launched a drought-simulation experiment and measured their above- and below-ground growth in 2020. In addition, their ecosystem services were also simulated and evaluated for their future adaption. Furthermore, a congeneric native tree species Tilia miqueliana Maxim was also measured in the same experiment as a comparison. Our results showed that Tilia miqueliana exhibited moderate patterns of growth and advantages in evapotranspiration and cooling. Besides, its investment in root development at horizontal level could account for its special strategy against drought stress. Tilia tomentosa’s vigorous root growth could be the most positive behavior of coping with water deficit, which explained its maintenance of carbon fixation and implied a well adaption. Tilia cordata showed a complete decrease in above- and below-ground growth, especially for its fine root biomass. In addition, its ecosystem services were significantly reduced, reflecting a comprehensive failure when it faced a long-term scarcity of water. Therefore, it was necessary to supply sufficient water and under-ground space for their living in Guangzhou, especially for Tilia cordata. In the future, long-time observation of their growth under different stresses can be practical approaches to amplify their multiple ecosystem services.
A robotic platform for the synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals
Authors: Zhao Haitao , Chen Wei , Huang Hao , Sun Zhehao , Chen Zijian , Wu Lingjun , Zhang Baicheng , Lai Fuming , Wang Zhuo , Adam Mukhtar Lawan , Pang Cheng Heng , Chu Paul K. , Lu Yang , Wu Tao , Jiang Jun , Yin Zongyou , Yu Xue-Feng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMorphological control with broad tunability is a primary goal for the synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals with unique physicochemical properties. Here we develop a robotic platform as a substitute for trial-and-error synthesis and labour-intensive characterization to achieve this goal. Gold nanocrystals (with strong visible-light absorption) and double-perovskite nanocrystals (with photoluminescence) are selected as typical proof-of-concept nanocrystals for this platform. An initial choice of key synthesis parameters was acquired through data mining of the literature. Automated synthesis and in situ characterization with further ex situ validation was then carried out and controllable synthesis of nanocrystals with the desired morphology was accomplished. To achieve morphology-oriented inverse design, correlations between the morphologies and structure-directing agents are identified by machine-learning models trained on a continuously expanded experimental database. Thus, the developed robotic platform with a data mining–synthesis–inverse design framework is promising in data-driven robotic synthesis of nanocrystals and beyond.
In situspace-confined growth of Co3O4nanoparticles inside N-doped hollow porous carbon nanospheres as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for high-performance rechargeable zinc–air batteries
Authors: Kuang Jingbiao , Yu Nengfei , Yang Zhongtang , Zhang Yi , Ji Lifei , Ye Jilei , Huang Wen , Huang Qinghong , Tian Na , Wu Yuping , Sun Shigang 
Published: March 2023

Co3O4-10%@N-HPCNs with high surface area, hollow porous structure and strong interaction between nanoparticles and carbon nanospheres provide sufficient reactive sites and charge/mass transport environment, resulting in improved performance of RZABs.
Manoeuvre decision‐making of unmanned aerial vehicles in air combat based on an expert actor‐based soft actor critic algorithm
Authors: Li Bo , Bai Shuangxia , Liang Shiyang , Ma Rui , Neretin Evgeny , Huang Jingyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe demand for autonomous motion control of unmanned aerial vehicles in air combat is boosted as taking the initiative in combat appears more and more crucial. Unmanned aerial vehicles inability to manoeuvre autonomously during air combat that features highly dynamic and uncertain manoeuvres of the enemy; however, limits their combat capabilities, which proves to be very challenging. To meet the challenge, this article proposes an autonomous manoeuvre decision model using an expert actor‐based soft actor critic algorithm that reconstructs empirical replay buffer with expert experience. Specifically, the algorithm uses a small amount of expert experience to increase the diversity of the samples, which can largely improve the exploration and utilisation efficiency of deep reinforcement learning. And to simulate the complex battlefield environment, a one‐to‐one air combat model is established and the concept of missile's attack region is introduced. The model enables the one‐to‐one air combat to be simulated under different initial battlefield situations. Simulation results show that the expert actor‐based soft actor critic algorithm can find the most favourable policy for unmanned aerial vehicles to defeat the opponent faster, and converge more quickly, compared with the soft actor critic algorithm.
Adaptive secure malware efficient machine learning algorithm for healthcare data
Authors: Mohammed Mazin Abed , Lakhan Abdullah , Zebari Dilovan Asaad , Abdulkareem Karrar Hameed , Nedoma Jan , Martinek Radek , Tariq Usman , Alhaisoni Majed , Tiwari Prayag 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMalware software now encrypts the data of Internet of Things (IoT) enabled fog nodes, preventing the victim from accessing it unless they pay a ransom to the attacker. The ransom injunction is constantly accompanied by a deadline. These days, ransomware attacks are too common on IoT healthcare devices. On the other hand, IoT‐based heartbeat digital healthcare applications have been steadily increasing in popularity. These applications make a lot of data, which they send to the fog cloud to be processed further. In healthcare networks, it is critical to examine healthcare data for malicious intent. The malware is a peace code with polymorphic and metamorphic attack forms. Existing malware analysis techniques did not find malware in the content‐aware heartbeat data. The Adaptive Malware Analysis Dynamic Machine Learning (AMDML) algorithm for content‐aware heartbeat data in fog cloud computing is described in this article. Based on heartbeat data from health records, an adaptive method can train both pre‐ and post‐train malware models. AMDML is based on a rule called ‘federated learning,’ which says that malware analysis models are made at both the local fog node and the remote cloud to meet the performance workload safely. The simulation results show that AMDML outperforms machine learning malware analysis models in terms of accuracy by 60%, delay by 50%, and detection of original heartbeat data by 66% compared to existing malware analysis schemes.
Evaluation of Biological Activity Exerted by Dibenzo[b,e]Thiophene-11(6H)-One on Left Ventricular Pressure Using an Isolated Rat Heart Model
Authors: Figueroa-Valverde Lauro , Rosas-Nexticapa Marcela , Alvarez-Ramirez Magdalena , López-Ramos Maria , Díaz-Cedillo Francisco , Mateu-Armad Maria Virginia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground Some studies show that some Dibenzo derivatives can produce changes in the cardiovascular system; however, its molecular mechanism is not very clear.Objective The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the inotropic activity of ten Dibenzo derivatives (compounds 1 to 10) on either perfusion pressure or left ventricular pressure.Methods Biological activity produced by the Dibenzo derivatives on either perfusion pressure or coronary resistance was evaluated using an isolated rat heart. In addition, the molecular mechanism of biological activity produced by compound 4 (Dibenzo[b,e]thiophene-11(6H)-one) on left ventricular pressure was determined using both Bay-k8644 and nifedipine as pharmacological tools in an isolated rat heart model.Results The results showed that Dibenzo[b,e]thiophene-11(6H)-one increases perfusion pressure and coronary resistance at a dose of 0.001 nM. Besides, other data display that Dibenzo[b,e]thiophene-11(6H)-one increases left ventricular pressure in a dose-dependent manner (0.001 to 100 nM) and this effect was similar to biological activity produced by Bay-k8644 drug on left ventricular pressure. However, the effect exerted by Dibenzo[b,e]thiophene-11(6H)-one was inhibited in the presence of nifedipine at a dose of 1 nM.Conclusions All these data suggest that Dibenzo[b,e]thiophene-11(6H)-one increase left ventricular pressure through calcium channel activation. In this way, Dibenzo[b,e]thiophene-11(6H)-one could be a good candidate as positive inotropic agent to heart failure.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Interventional Radiology in Germany
Authors: Schmidbauer Martina , Busjahn Andreas , Paprottka Philipp , Bücker Arno , Nadjiri Jonathan , Wacker Frank K. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose To investigate the effect of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on interventional radiology (IR) in Germany in 2020 and 2021.
Materials und Methods This retrospective study is based on the nationwide interventional radiology procedures documented in the quality register of the German Society for Interventional Radiology and Minimally Invasive Therapy (DeGIR-QS-Register). The nationwide volume of interventions in the pandemic years 2020 and 2021 was compared with the pre-pandemic period (Poisson-test, Mann-Whitney test). The aggregated data were additionally evaluated by intervention type with differentiated consideration of the temporal epidemiological infection occurrence.
Results During the two pandemic years 2020 and 2021, the number of interventional procedures increased by appr. 4 % compared to the same period of the previous year (n = 190 454 and 189 447 vs. n = 183 123, respectively, p < 0.001). Only the first pandemic wave in spring 2020 (weeks 12–16) showed a significant temporary drop in the number of interventional procedures by 26 % (n = 4799, p < 0.05). This primarily involved interventions that were not immediately medically urgent, such as pain treatments or elective arterial revascularization. In contrast, interventions in the field of interventional oncology, such as port catheter implantations and local tumor ablations, remained unaffected. The decline of the first wave of infection was accompanied by a rapid recovery and a significant, partly compensatory, 14 % increase in procedure numbers in the second half of 2020 compared to the same period of the previous year (n = 77 151 vs. 67 852, p < 0.001). Subsequent pandemic waves had no effect on intervention numbers.
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic in Germany led to a significant short-term decrease in interventional radiology procedures in the initial phase. A compensatory increase in the number of procedures was observed in the subsequent period. This reflects the adaptability and robustness of IR and the high demand for minimally invasive radiological procedures in medical care.
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Citation Format
Delayed Diagnosis of Dislocation of All Four Ulnar Carpometacarpal Joints. Surgical Treatment Strategy and Challenges.
Authors: Papagrigorakis Eftychios , Vlachos Christos , Galanis Athanasios , Kanellos Panagiotis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Carpometacarpal dislocations are rare injuries whose diagnosis is often missed initially. These injuries can be treated conservatively, as long as an anatomical closed reduction is achieved. However, in most cases, open reduction followed by internal or external fixation is necessary to reach a stable anatomical reduction.
Case Description A 32-year-old male was referred to our institution due to excess swelling of his right hand, 2 months after a motorcycle crash he sustained. During our imaging workup, a dorsal carpometacarpal dislocation of all four ulnar metacarpals was found accompanied by a fracture of the base of the fifth metacarpal. An open reduction was achieved using Kirschner wires and a small plate for arthrodesis of the fifth carpometacarpal joint. The postoperative follow-up on the 3rd, 6th, and 12th month was uncomplicated. The range of motion and grip strength was satisfactory on the 3rd month and almost full on the 6th month compared to the unaffected side.
Literature Review Carpometacarpal dislocations are rare hand injuries. They are often the result of a high-energy injury and their diagnosis is usually delayed or missed. The main reasons are the excessive pain and swelling of the hand which make the initial clinical examination difficult and the overlapping of the metacarpals on the X-ray, which make the radiological diagnosis challenging.
Case Relevance A delayed diagnosis needs urgent open surgical treatment to achieve an anatomical reduction due to the interposition of soft tissue, bony fragments, and newly formed callus. Diagnosis and treatment of these injuries demands a high clinical suspicion from the traumatologist. The role of computed tomography scan is invaluable and open reduction is the mainstay of treatment for the cases that are diagnosed late.
Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Motor Recovery in Altered Conscious Patients after Traumatic Brain Injury and Cerebrovascular Accident: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kumar Raj , Kumar Suraj , Prajapati Hanuman Prasad , Potturi GowriShankar , Sharma Rahul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose Altered levels of consciousness resulting from a vascular insult to the brain can vary from confusion to coma. A disruption in the function of the brain stem reticular activating system in the brain stem or both cerebral hemispheres and thalami causes coma. This study is aimed at finding the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor recovery in altered conscious patients after traumatic brain injury and cerebrovascular accident.
Materials and Methods A total of 100 patients admitted to the neurology and neurosurgery unit of the university hospital were screened and 40 subjects who satisfied inclusion criteria were recruited and randomly divided into two groups, group A (experimental; n = 20) and group B (control; n = 20), by computerized randomization. Written informed consent was taken from all the caregivers before recruitment. After taking the preliminary assessment, anodal tDCS is given to the motor area (C3/C4 ipsilesional), sensory area (P3/P4 ipsilesional), and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) according to the 10/20 electroencephalogram montage for two sessions of 20 min/day for 7 consecutive days. Routine physiotherapy was also given the same as group B.
Results At baseline, there were no significant group differences in the baseline characteristics. The groups passed the normality test. The results were tested for statistical significance between the groups by Mann–Whitney U-test and by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey Honest Significant Difference for post-hoc comparison; the results were statistically different with p-value less than 0.05 with a large effect size.
Conclusion We conclude, based on the results of this study, that tDCS can be effective in motor recovery in altered consciousness patients. It is noninvasive, cost-effective with minimal contraindications, and does not interfere with other modalities in the intensive care unit. Hence, it can be administered safely under the supervision of a qualified therapist.
A review of location, politics, and the multinational corporation: Bringing political geography into international business
Authors: Saittakari Iiris , Ritvala Tiina , Piekkari Rebecca , Kähäri Perttu , Moisio Sami , Hanell Tomas , Beugelsdijk Sjoerd 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHow has international business (IB) research evolved to account for the politicization of the context in which multinational corporations (MNCs) operate? To address this question, we review research at the nexus of location, politics, and the MNC from 2000 through 2021. Rooted in classic IB theories, our review reveals three directions in current IB research: (i) expansion of MNC agency in shaping the political environment, (ii) a wider diversity of actors involved in the business–government–society interface, and (iii) extension of the levels of analysis from country level to sub- and supra-national levels. This three-fold evolution has moved IB research closer to the field of political geography, but the shift has remained largely implicit and its theoretical linkages are few. Drawing on key theoretical insights from political geography, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of bringing political geography into IB research.
Environmental aesthetics and professional development for university teachers in China
Authors: Lin Weixin , Chang Yuan-Cheng , Chen Peng-Fei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecently, research has increasingly focused on environmental aesthetics and the professional development of teachers. By improving aesthetic quality, including perceptions and experiences, teachers can effectively master and develop professional knowledge and skills. Based on the ecological systems theory of environmental aesthetics, this study primarily explores the impact of the perceptions of Chinese teachers of environmental aesthetics and the impact of aesthetic experience on the professional development of teachers, as well as the mediating effects of aesthetic experience. The study sample consisted of 1800 teachers from 30 universities across China. A total of 1479 valid questionnaires were returned, and a structural equation model was used for validation. The results of the study found that the perception of Chinese teachers about the environmental aesthetics of schools exerted a positive effect on aesthetic experience and professional development and that aesthetic experience exerted a positive effect on professional development. Last, aesthetic experience exerted a mediating effect on the relationship between the perception of teachers about the environmental aesthetics of schools and professional development. The findings suggest that schools promote the professional development of teachers through their environmental aesthetics and the aesthetic experience of teachers, highlighting the importance of school environmental aesthetics for professional development.
Benefits of prolonged ageing for the quality of Australian pork depends on cooking temperature and meat pH
Authors: Vaskoska Rozita , Ha Minh , White Jason D. , Warner Robyn D. 
Published: March 2023

Context Heating of meat leads to structural changes reflected in the juiciness and the tenderness of the cooked meat. Aims This study aimed to characterise the effect of prolonged ageing and cooking on pork-quality traits. Methods Longissimus lumborum samples from 12 carcasses were aged 3 days (conventional ageing) or 15 days (prolonged ageing) and pork cuboids were cooked at 50–80°C for 30 min. Cooking loss, total water content (TWC), Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and shrinkage (longitudinal, transverse and estimated volume) of the pork loin cuboids were measured. Key results Prolonged ageing for 15 days reduced the WBSF of samples cooked at 50°C, and the cooking loss for samples cooked at 70°C and 80°C, relative to conventional ageing for 3 days. The WBSF of pork aged for 15 days was not different from that of pork aged for 3 days. Prolonged ageing reduced longitudinal shrinkage of cuboids, but TWC and transverse/volume shrinkage of cuboids were not affected by ageing. The diameter of cooked muscle fibre fragments was smaller in pork subjected to prolonged ageing. Conclusions Prolonged ageing was favourable for minimising cooking loss at higher cooking temperatures but was only favourable for tenderness at the lowest cooking temperature. Low pH of the samples is likely to have caused the lack of tenderisation with ageing.