bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(127) Dyspareunia as a Symptom of Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Dominguez-Bali A , Sharma R , Baqer A , Hassan Z , Dominguez-Bali C , Marquez L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In 2010, our center presented to the annual congress for the society for the scientific study of sex, research related to the sexual attitude and behavior of Hispanic women in our area. We interviewed and assessed 3,000 patients and discovered in the analysis of the data that dyspareunia was associated with 1,333 patients between the ages of 17-72, co-occurring with urinary tract infection (UTI). In approximately 83.7% of total UTI cases, patients were also positive for dyspareunia. We have reviewed the literature and corroborate that dyspareunia has never been described as part of the symptomatology of UTI. Since then, we have continued to confirm these findings through the follow-up of thousands of women over the last 12 years.

Objective
This study demonstrates how dyspareunia is one of the most important symptoms of UTI, along with the clinical symptoms of pollakiuria, dysuria, urodynia, nocturia, lower abdominal pain, headache, and fever.

Methods
We used an initial review in the area of sexuality in which we found a correlation between dyspareunia and UTI. Since 2010, we have followed thousands of women seen in our centers regarding the presence of dyspareunia as a symptom of UTI.

Results
In 83% of the UTI cases studied over the years, dyspareunia was endorsed as a symptom. Of these, approximately 94% of cases responded positively to treatment with antibiotics. Additionally, the dyspareunia gradually disappeared with the treatment of the UTI. We also found that 80% of women of reproductive age presenting with complaints of dyspareunia had an undiagnosed UTI. During the perimenopausal and postmenopausal years, dyspareunia is more often associated with genitourinary syndrome of menopause than UTI.

Conclusions
Dyspareunia has been described as one of the symptoms of interstitial cystitis but has never been implicated as a significant symptom of regular uncomplicated or complicated UTI. We have found that this symptom is extremely important as part of the symptomatology of the UTI, frequently found along with the classical symptoms of UTI. Why has something so clear, so frequently present, never been described? The answer is simple, physicians and patients do not talk about sex, despite dyspareunia being more a clinical symptom than a sexual one. Medical schools and residency programs in all areas, especially in obstetrics and gynecology, urology, and psychiatry, have neglected the education of physicians-in-training in this area of extreme importance for human health. In conclusion, this is proof of the unscientific way in which medicine has sometimes been influenced by religion, culture, and social norms.

Disclosure
No
MIZU-KUSSEI1 (MIZ1) and GNOM/MIZ2 control not only positive hydrotropism but also phototropism in Arabidopsis roots
Authors: Pang Lei , Kobayashi Akie , Atsumi Yuka , Miyazawa Yutaka , Fujii Nobuharu , Dietrich Daniela , Bennett Malcolm J , Takahashi Hideyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In response to unilateral blue light illumination, roots of some plant species such as Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit negative phototropism (bending away from light), which is important for light avoidance in nature. MIZU-KUSSEI1 (MIZ1) and GNOM/MIZ2 are essential for positive hydrotropism (i.e. in the presence of a moisture gradient, root bending towards greater water availability). Intriguingly, mutations in these genes also cause a substantial reduction in phototropism. Here, we examined whether the same tissue-specific sites of expression required for MIZ1- and GNOM/MIZ2-regulated hydrotropism in Arabidopsis roots are also required for phototropism. The attenuated phototropic response of miz1 roots was completely restored when a functional MIZ1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion was expressed in the cortex of the root elongation zone but not in other tissues such as root cap, meristem, epidermis, or endodermis. The hydrotropic defect and reduced phototropism of miz2 roots were restored by GNOM/MIZ2 expression in either the epidermis, cortex, or stele, but not in the root cap or endodermis. Thus, the sites in root tissues that are involved in the regulation of MIZ1- and GNOM/MIZ2-dependent hydrotropism also regulate phototropism. These results suggest that MIZ1- and GNOM/MIZ2-mediated pathways are, at least in part, shared by hydrotropic and phototropic responses in Arabidopsis roots.
Association of Traumatic Brain Injury and Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Case Series
Authors: An Joseph , Freeman Emily , Stewart Ian J , Dore Michael 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive variant of central nervous system gliomas that carries a dismal prognosis. Although GBM is the most frequently occurring and malignant type of glioma accounting for more than 60% of all brain tumors in adults, its overall incidence is rare, occurring at a rate of 3.21 per 100,000 persons. Little is known about the etiology of GBM, but one proposed theory is that GBM pathogenesis may be linked to a chronic inflammatory course initiated by traumatic injury to the brain. Limited case reports have suggested an association between GBMs and traumatic brain injury (TBI), but larger case–control and epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. We present three service members (two active duty and one retired) who developed GBM near the original site of prior head trauma. Each service member’s military occupation was in the special operations community and shared a common theme of TBI following head trauma/injury. The current research on the association between TBI and GBM is limited and conflicting, predominantly due to the low incidence of the disease in the general population. Evidence has indicated that TBI should be considered a chronic disease with long-term health impacts, including long-term disability, dementia, epilepsy, mental health conditions, and cardiovascular diseases. With the addition of our patients, as well as a recently published study proposing a molecular association between trauma and GBM, further research is needed to better understand the potential relationship.
On the growth of supermassive black holes formed from the gravitational collapse of fermionic dark matter cores
Authors: Argüelles C R , Boshkayev K , Krut A , Nurbakhyt G , Rueda J A , Ruffini R , Uribe-Suárez J D , Yunis R 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Observations support the idea that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) power the emission at the centre of active galaxies. However, contrary to stellar-mass BHs, there is a poor understanding of their origin and physical formation channel. In this article, we propose a new process of SMBH formation in the early Universe that is not associated with baryonic matter (massive stars) or primordial cosmology. In this novel approach, SMBH seeds originate from the gravitational collapse of fermionic dense dark matter (DM) cores that arise at the centre of DM haloes as they form. We show that such a DM formation channel can occur before star formation, leading to heavier BH seeds than standard baryonic channels. The SMBH seeds subsequently grow by accretion. We compute the evolution of the mass and angular momentum of the BH using a geodesic general relativistic disc accretion model. We show that these SMBH seeds grow to ∼109–$10^{10} \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ in the first Gyr of the lifetime of the Universe without invoking unrealistic (or fine-tuned) accretion rates.
Simulating the diversity of shapes of the Lyman-α line
Authors: Blaizot Jérémy , Garel Thibault , Verhamme Anne , Katz Harley , Kimm Taysun , Michel-Dansac Léo , Mitchell Peter D , Rosdahl Joakim , Trebitsch Maxime 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The Ly α line is a powerful probe of distant galaxies, which contains information about inflowing/outflowing gas through which Ly α photons scatter. To develop our understanding of this probe, we post-process a zoom-in radiation-hydrodynamics simulation of a low-mass (Mstar ∼ 109 M⊙) galaxy to construct 22 500 mock spectra in 300 directions from z = 3 to 4. Remarkably, we show that one galaxy can reproduce the variety of a large sample of spectroscopically observed Ly α line profiles. While most mock spectra exhibit double-peak profiles with a dominant red peak, their shapes cover a large parameter space in terms of peak velocities, peak separation, and flux ratio. This diversity originates from radiative transfer effects at interstellar medium and circum-galactic medium (CGM) scales, and depends on galaxy inclination and evolutionary phase. Red-dominated lines preferentially arise in face-on directions during post-starburst outflows and are bright. Conversely, accretion phases usually yield symmetric double peaks in the edge-on direction and are fainter. While resonant scattering effects at &lt;0.2 × Rvir are responsible for the broadening and velocity shift of the red peak, the extended CGM acts as a screen and impacts the observed peak separation. The ability of simulations to reproduce observed Ly α profiles and link their properties with galaxy physical parameters offers new perspectives to use Ly α to constrain the mechanisms that regulate galaxy formation and evolution. Notably, our study implies that deeper Ly α surveys may unveil a new population of blue-dominated lines tracing inflowing gas.
Distinguishing magnetized disc winds from turbulent viscosity through substructure morphology in planet-forming discs
Authors: Wu Yinhao , Chen Yi-Xian , Jiang Haochang , Dong Ruobing , Macías Enrique , Lin Min-Kai , Rosotti Giovanni P , Elbakyan Vardan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The traditional paradigm of viscosity-dominated evolution of protoplanetary discs has been recently challenged by existence of magnetized disc winds. However, distinguishing wind-driven and turbulence-driven accretion through observations has been difficult. In this study, we present a novel approach to identifying their separate contribution to angular momentum transport by studying the gap and ring morphology of planet-forming discs in the ALMA continuum. We model the gap-opening process of planets in discs with both viscous evolution and wind-driven accretion by 2D multifluid hydrodynamical simulations. Our results show that gap-opening planets in wind-driven accreting discs generate characteristic dust substructures that differ from those in purely viscous discs. Specifically, we demonstrate that discs where wind-driven accretion dominates the production of substructures exhibit significant asymmetries. Based on the diverse outputs of mock images in the ALMA continuum, we roughly divide the planet-induced features into four regimes (moderate-viscosity dominated, moderate-wind dominated, strong-wind dominated, and inviscid). The classification of these regimes sets up a potential method to constrain the strength of magnetized disc wind and viscosity based on the observed gap and ring morphology. We discuss the asymmetry feature in our mock images and its potential manifestation in ALMA observations.
Targeted tissue delivery of RNA therapeutics using antibody–oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs)
Authors: Malecova Barbora , Burke Rob S , Cochran Michael , Hood Michael D , Johns Rachel , Kovach Philip R , Doppalapudi Venkata R , Erdogan Gulin , Arias J Danny , Darimont Beatrice , Miller Christopher D , Huang Hanhua , Geall Andrew , Younis Husam S , Levin Arthur A 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough targeting TfR1 to deliver oligonucleotides to skeletal muscle has been demonstrated in rodents, effectiveness and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PKPD) properties remained unknown in higher species. We developed antibody–oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) towards mice or monkeys utilizing anti-TfR1 monoclonal antibodies (αTfR1) conjugated to various classes of oligonucleotides (siRNA, ASOs and PMOs). αTfR1 AOCs delivered oligonucleotides to muscle tissue in both species. In mice, αTfR1 AOCs achieved a &gt; 15-fold higher concentration to muscle tissue than unconjugated siRNA. A single dose of an αTfR1 conjugated to an siRNA against Ssb mRNA produced &gt; 75% Ssb mRNA reduction in mice and monkeys, and mRNA silencing was greatest in skeletal and cardiac (striated) muscle with minimal to no activity in other major organs. In mice the EC50 for Ssb mRNA reduction in skeletal muscle was &gt;75-fold less than in systemic tissues. Oligonucleotides conjugated to control antibodies or cholesterol produced no mRNA reduction or were 10-fold less potent, respectively. Tissue PKPD of AOCs demonstrated mRNA silencing activity primarily driven by receptor-mediated delivery in striated muscle for siRNA oligonucleotides. In mice, we show that AOC-mediated delivery is operable across various oligonucleotide modalities. AOC PKPD properties translated to higher species, providing promise for a new class of oligonucleotide therapeutics.
Real-world implementation of non-endoscopic triage testing for Barrett’s oesophagus during COVID-19
Authors: Landy R , Killcoyne S , Tang C , Juniat S , O’Donovan M , Goel N , Gehrung M , Fitzgerald R C 
Published: May 2023

Summary

Background
The Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) curtailed endoscopy services, adding to diagnostic backlogs. Building on trial evidence for a non-endoscopic oesophageal cell collection device coupled with biomarkers (Cytosponge), an implementation pilot was launched for patients on waiting lists for reflux and Barrett’s oesophagus surveillance.

Aims
(i) To review reflux referral patterns and Barrett’s surveillance practices. (ii) To evaluate the range of Cytosponge findings and impact on endoscopy services.

Design and methods
Cytosponge data from centralized laboratory processing (trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) for intestinal metaplasia (IM), haematoxylin & eosin for cellular atypia and p53 for dysplasia) over a 2-year period were included.

Results
A total of 10 577 procedures were performed in 61 hospitals in England and Scotland, of which 92.5% (N = 9784/10 577) were sufficient for analysis. In the reflux cohort (N = 4074 with gastro-oesophageal junction sampling), 14.7% had one or more positive biomarkers (TFF3: 13.6% (N = 550/4056), p53: 0.5% (21/3974), atypia: 1.5% (N = 63/4071)), requiring endoscopy. Among samples from individuals undergoing Barrett’s surveillance (N = 5710 with sufficient gland groups), TFF3-positivity increased with segment length (odds ratio = 1.37 per cm (95% confidence interval: 1.33–1.41, P &lt; 0.001)). Some surveillance referrals (21.5%, N = 1175/5471) had ≤1 cm segment length, of which 65.9% (707/1073) were TFF3 negative. Of all surveillance procedures, 8.3% had dysplastic biomarkers (4.0% (N = 225/5630) for p53 and 7.6% (N = 430/5694) for atypia), increasing to 11.8% (N = 420/3552) in TFF3+ cases with confirmed IM and 19.7% (N = 58/294) in ultra-long segments.

Conclusions
Cytosponge-biomarker tests enabled targeting of endoscopy services to higher-risk individuals, whereas those with TFF3 negative ultra-short segments could be reconsidered regarding their Barrett’s oesophagus status and surveillance requirements. Long-term follow-up will be important in these cohorts.
Ideology, knowledge, and the assessment of science policy agencies
Authors: Haglin Kathryn , Vedlitz Arnold 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the USA, politics often dominates the conversation surrounding science and related technologies. We also live in times of high political polarization, leading to political debate over scientific discoveries and subsequent policy implications. Given these dynamics, there is much to be learned about the politicization of science, individuals’ policy views, and the public’s relationship with the communication and interpretation of scientific findings. Agencies are often responsible for facilitating scientific research and framing its policy relevance for decision makers and the public. This paper uses data from a large national public opinion survey to investigate citizen attitudes about government science agencies. We theorize that disparities between objective and self-assessed scientific knowledge coupled with ideological cues help frame citizen evaluations of agencies. We find that individuals’ political ideologies and disparities between knowledge types shape citizen assessments of energy-related scientific agencies. These findings have important implications for our understanding of public acceptance of the work of government science agencies.
Race, Citizenship and ‘race relations’ Research in late-Twentieth-century Britain
Authors: Waters Rob 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article reads late-twentieth-century race relations research projects from the perspectives of the black and brown Britons who were the targets of research. The analysis focuses on contestations around issues of epistemic authority and resource allocation in the relationship between black citizens and the state in the post-war decades, helping us to understand why so many black citizens saw the state and its programmes of social research not as enabling or providing but surveilling and disempowering them. Relative to the dominant reading among historians of late-twentieth-century Britain of the rise of social research as a democratic story, in which ‘ordinary’ voices were listened to and given weight in the development of social policy, the study of race relations research in this article reveals a far less consensual, less democratic relationship between state-sponsored research institutions and the black and brown people who became targets of race-relations research projects. It highlights the ubiquity of challenges or evasions to those research institutions and their claims to epistemic authority, and it shows how these researches were indicted as distractions, attempts at pacification, and misuses of funds. Reading the social encounters of ‘race relations’ research as moments in which state power and state-sanctioned racial knowledge were engaged and contested reveals the steady process by which the foundations of an unpopular and ineffective ‘race relations industry’ were cast into doubt, or consent for it refused.
The ‘Bogus Child’ and the ‘Big Uncle’: The Impossible South Asian Family in Post-Imperial Britain
Authors: Natarajan Radhika 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Between 1962 and 1965, a broad definition of dependence allowed for the migration of Commonwealth Citizens to join working family members in Britain. This article investigates how the Home Office targeted male dependent youth as a category that could reduce unwanted immigration from the Commonwealth, particularly South Asia. Home Office officials obscured the stories of dependent migrants, constructed the figure of the ‘bogus child’, and denigrated male familial connections, which resulted in the denial of family reunion. Colonial assumptions about the mendacity of South Asians and the illegibility of South Asian family forms shaped British policy. The 1965 White Paper and the 1968 Commonwealth Immigrants Act foreclosed the possibility of a broad definition of family and consolidated the legitimacy of the cisheterosexual family. Home Office discussions dovetailed with an emergent common sense circulated in newspapers and public debate about the illegitimacy of the South Asian family in Britain. This article interrogates the racist reasoning of the Home Office and this emergent common sense not only to show how immigration policy generates racialization but also to reveal the specificity of South Asian racialization in the post-imperial social formation.
A CRISPR-Cas9 mutation in sox9b long intergenic noncoding RNA (slincR) affects zebrafish development, behavior, and regeneration
Authors: Dasgupta Subham , LaDu Jane K , Garcia Gloria R , Li Sizhen , Tomono-Duval Konoha , Rericha Yvonne , Huang Liang , Tanguay Robyn L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulators of toxicological responses to environmental chemicals is gaining prominence. Previously, our laboratory discovered an lncRNA, sox9b long intergenic noncoding RNA (slincR), that is activated by multiple ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Within this study, we designed a CRISPR-Cas9-mediated slincR zebrafish mutant line to better understand its biological function in presence or absence of a model AHR ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The slincRosu3 line contains an 18 bp insertion within the slincR sequence that changes its predicted mRNA secondary structure. Toxicological profiling showed that slincRosu3 is equally or more sensitive to TCDD for morphological and behavioral phenotypes. Embryonic mRNA-sequencing showed differential responses of 499 or 908 genes in slincRosu3 in absence or presence of TCDD Specifically, unexposed slincRosu3 embryos showed disruptions in metabolic pathways, suggesting an endogenous role for slincR. slincRosu3 embryos also had repressed mRNA levels of sox9b—a transcription factor that slincR is known to negatively regulate. Hence, we studied cartilage development and regenerative capacity—both processes partially regulated by sox9b. Cartilage development was disrupted in slincRosu3 embryos both in presence and absence of TCDD. slincRosu3 embryos also displayed a lack of regenerative capacity of amputated tail fins, accompanied by a lack of cell proliferation. In summary, using a novel slincR mutant line, we show that a mutation in slincR can have widespread impacts on gene expression and structural development endogenously and limited, but significant impacts in presence of AHR induction that further highlights its importance in the developmental process.
Adenine nucleotide translocase: Current knowledge in post‐translational modifications, regulations and pathological implications for human diseases
Authors: Chen Yingfei , Wu Leshuang , Liu Jun , Ma Li , Zhang Wenli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdenine nucleotide translocases (ANTs) are central to mitochondrial integrity and bioenergetic metabolism. This review aims to integrate the progresses and knowledge on ANTs over the last few years, contributing to a potential implication of ANTs for various diseases. Structures, functions, modifications, regulators and pathological implications of ANTs for human diseases are intensively demonstrated here. ANTs have four isoforms (ANT1‐4), responsible for exchanging ATP/ADP, possibly composing of pro‐apoptotic mPTP as a major component, and mediating FA‐dependent uncoupling of proton efflux. ANT can be modified by methylation, nitrosylation and nitroalkylation, acetylation, glutathionylation, phosphorylation, carbonylation and hydroxynonenal‐induced modifications. Compounds, including bongkrekic acid, atractyloside calcium, carbon monoxide, minocycline, 4‐(N‐(S‐penicillaminylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid, cardiolipin, free long‐chain fatty acids, agaric acid, long chain acyl‐coenzyme A esters, all have an ability to regulate ANT activities. ANT impairment leads to bioenergetic failure and mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to pathogenesis of diseases, such as diabetes (deficiency), heart disease (deficiency), Parkinson's disease (reduction), Sengers Syndrome (decrease), cancer (isoform shifting), Alzheimer's Disease (coaggregation with Tau), Progressive External Opthalmoplegia (mutation), and Fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (overexpression). This review improves the understanding of the mechanism of ANT in pathogenesis of human diseases, and opens a window for novel therapeutic strategies targeted on ANT in diseases.