bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe Non–Donor-Derived Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection in 2 Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Sayyad Leanna E , Smith Kami L , Sadigh Katrin S , Cossaboom Caitlin M , Choi Mary J , Whitmer Shannon , Cannon Debi , Krapiunaya Inna , Morales-Betoulle Maria , Annambhotla Pallavi , Basavaraju Sridhar V , Ruberto Irene , Kretschmer Melissa , Gutierrez Nalleli , Zabel Karen , Austin Connie , Sandoval Edith , Servellita Venice , Foresythe Abiodun , Sumimoto Nanami , Aqel Bashar A , Khamash Hasan A , Jadlowiec Carrie C , Grys Thomas E , Jaramillo Andres , Grill Marie F , Montgomery Joel M , Shoemaker Trevor , Klena John D , Chiu Charles Y , Vikram Holenarasipur R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in immunocompromised hosts can result in disseminated disease, meningoencephalitis, and death. Published cases in transplant recipients have been traced to transmission from infected donors. We report 2 cases of serious, non–donor-derived LCMV infection in solid organ transplant recipients.

Methods
Initial identification of LCMV infection was done by using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Subsequent evaluations and confirmatory testing involved molecular diagnostics, serology, and phylogenetic analysis. A detailed epidemiologic investigation was conducted.

Results
LCMV was detected by mNGS in 2 solid organ transplant recipients from distinct donors. A heart transplant recipient (from donor 1) died of progressive, disseminated LCMV infection, while a kidney transplant recipient (from donor 2) with LCMV meningoencephalitis survived. A multistate laboratory and epidemiologic investigation of both donors and all their organ recipients was initiated. Postmortem samples were obtained from both donors, and pretransplant and/or posttransplant samples were obtained from 5 of the 6 organ recipients. mNGS, serologic, and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing confirmed LCMV infection in both solid organ transplant recipients. Epidemiologic investigation revealed significant pretransplant rodent exposures for both LCMV-infected recipients. Laboratory studies for the other organ recipients from both donors were negative for LCMV infection.

Conclusions
Our investigations suggest that LCMV infection in 2 solid organ transplant recipients originated from rodent exposure preceding transplantation and were not donor derived. Although uncommon, healthcare providers should be aware of LCMV-associated serious and life-threatening illness in immunocompromised hosts. Diagnostic modalities are limited to reference laboratories.
Correlates of Protection Against Symptomatic COVID-19: The CORSER 5 Case–Control Study
Authors: Beeker Léopold , Obadia Thomas , Bloch Emma , Garcia Laura , Le Fol Manon , Charmet Tiffany , Arowas Laurence , Artus Rémy , Cheny Olivia , Cheval Dorian , Dahoumane Yanis , Delhaye Maurine , Ergen Delal , Essaidani Mariem , Fanaud Christine , Fernandes Pellerin Sandrine , Jolly Nathalie , Laude Hélène , Roux Emmanuel , Samson Marine , Sangari Linda , Ungeheuer Marie-Noëlle , Vacant Sophie , Zayoud Ayla , Donnadieu Françoise , Pelleau Stéphane , Galmiche Simon , Fontanet Arnaud , White Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Establishing correlates of protection often requires large cohorts. A rapid and adaptable case–control study design can be used to identify antibody correlates of protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in serum and saliva.

Methods
We designed a case–control study to compare antibody levels between cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days of symptom onset and uninfected controls. Controls were matched on age, number of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine doses, time since last dose, and past episodes of infection. We quantified anti-SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal coronavirus immunoglobulin (Ig) G in serum and saliva at inclusion, 1 month, and 6 months.

Results
We included 90 cases and 62 controls between February and September 2022. A boost and decay pattern of serum antibodies was observed in cases at 1 and 6 months, respectively, but not in controls. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were significantly higher in controls at inclusion both in serum (particularly antinucleocapsid IgG: 4.14 times higher compared with cases; 95% CI, 2.46–6.96) and saliva (particularly antispike for Delta variant IgG: 4.89 times higher compared with cases; 95% CI, 2.91–9.89). Saliva antibodies generally outperformed serum antibodies for case/control differentiation.

Conclusions
In this case–control study, we provided evidence of correlates of protection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in saliva and serum, with saliva antibodies often outperforming serum. The finding that antibodies in saliva are a better correlate of protection than antibodies in serum may inform vaccine development by highlighting the importance of robust induction of mucosal immune responses. This study design may be used during future epidemics for the prompt assessment of correlates of protection.
Navigating antiphospholipid syndrome: from personalized therapies to cutting-edge research
Authors: Kortright-Maldonado Karen , Reyes-Torres Bruno Eduardo , Cabrera-Lopez Lilian Stephany , Rodríguez-Henríquez Pedro , Tenorio-Aguirre Erika Karina , Martínez-Sánchez Froylan D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
APS is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombosis and pregnancy complications, primarily driven by aPLs such as LA, aCL and anti-β2 glycoprotein I (a-β2GPI). Despite advances in anticoagulation therapies, managing refractory APS cases remains challenging. Emerging therapies, including rituximab, eculizumab and HCQ, show potential in addressing the underlying mechanisms of APS. Additionally, research into genetic and environmental factors, particularly the gut microbiome’s role through molecular mimicry, suggests new therapeutic pathways. Diagnostic advancements, such as the adjusted Global Antiphospholipid Syndrome Score (aGAPSS), metabolomic profiling and MRI, have improved risk stratification and early detection. Non-traditional biomarkers like anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) and anti-Domain I antibodies further enhance risk assessment. Future research should aim to validate these approaches, optimizing patient outcomes and minimizing long-term APS complications.
Predicting Blood Loss in Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Surgery
Authors: Syed Akbar N. , Talwar Divya , Kell David , Arkader Alexandre 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Preoperative estimation of intraoperative blood loss is essential for its management and literature is lacking with respect to factors influencing blood loss in aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) surgery. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors and predictors for blood loss in ABC surgery.

Methods:
An IRB-approved retrospective review was performed from 2011 to 2021 at a pediatric tertiary care center. A database identified pediatric patients (<18y old) undergoing surgical curettage and bone grafting for ABC. Lesions in the skull and ribs were excluded. Data collected included demographic data (age, sex), Enneking stage, Capanna type for limb lesions, lesion location, lesion volume (calculated as Transverse × Craniocaudal × Anteroposterior), and history of pathologic fracture before surgical management. Blood loss was recorded as (1) absolute blood loss during surgery and (2) relative loss of total blood volume for individual patients based on their weight and age. Statistical testing was performed using bivariate statistics (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis) and multivariate regression analysis.

Results:
We identified a total of 102 lesions in 101 patients with a mean age of 11.5 years at the time of surgery (range 1.0 to 18.2). Absolute blood loss and relative blood loss increased significantly (P<0.001 for both) with respect to lesion volume. Risk factors for absolute and relative blood loss were identified as type 3 Enneking lesions and those located at the spine/pelvis for all lesions (P<0.05), while for lesions in the limbs, those located in the shoulder/hip were identified as a risk factor for both absolute and relative blood loss. In multivariate analysis, age, lesion location, and lesional volume were predictive of absolute blood loss (P<0.05). While multivariate analysis for relative blood loss identified lesion location and lesional volume of >100 mm3 (P=0.004) as predictors.

Conclusion:
Our study enhances the understanding of intraoperative blood loss in ABC surgery. Findings from this study help identify patients at risk of increased blood loss. Age and lesion volume are factors to consider before estimating blood loss in ABC surgery. Surgeons should be cautious of bleeding risk associated with enneking type 3 lesions, spine/pelvic lesions, and locations precluding the use of a tourniquet.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
State of the art endocrine treatments for patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer in 2025
Authors: Musa Fernanda B. , Moore Kathleen N. , Podder Vivek , Slomovitz Brian M. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Endometrial cancer (EC) is rising in incidence, particularly in younger, premenopausal women, due to increasing rates of obesity and delayed childbearing. This review evaluates current and emerging endocrine therapies, with a focus on fertility-preserving approaches for early-stage EC and treatment options for advanced or recurrent disease.

Recent findings
Fertility-sparing endocrine therapies, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices, achieve high response rates but carry recurrence risks. Biomarkers, including progesterone receptor status and molecular subtyping, are improving patient selection and outcomes. In advanced EC, single-agent and combination endocrine therapies with agents like selective estrogen receptor modulators, selective estrogen receptor down-regulators (SERDs), and aromatase inhibitors show efficacy, especially in hormone receptor-positive disease. Newer agents, including next-generation SERDs and proteolysis-targeting chimeras, hold potential for treating resistant cases.

Summary
Endocrine therapy offers a well tolerated alternative to chemotherapy in selected EC patients, particularly those with hormone-sensitive tumors. Advances in molecular profiling and the development of novel endocrine agents are refining treatment strategies, supporting endocrine therapy’s continued role in managing EC across various stages.
Platelet distribution width—a prognosis marker in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Ana Neves  , Gouveia Rita , Madureira Sérgio , Elias Catarina , Ribeirinho-Soares Pedro , Soares-Carreira Marta , Pereira Joana , Almeida Jorge , Lourenço Patrícia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Increased levels of platelet distribution width (PDW) can predict cardiac death and infarction recurrence in acute myocardial infarction. PDW appears to be a prognosis marker in acute heart failure (HF); however, its impact on chronic HF is still unknown. We investigated the impact of PDW on chronic HF.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed outpatients with chronic HF with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) from January 2012 to May 2018. Patients with no data on PDW levels or with preserved or recovered ejection fraction were excluded. The primary end point was all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between PDW and mortality. A multivariate model was built adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, brain-type natriuretic peptide, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, evidence-based therapy, and severity of LVSD.

Results:
In our cohort of 766 patients, 65.7% were male, the mean age was 70 years, and 35.4% were in NYHA class I; 38.3% had diabetes mellitus, 51.4% had severe LVSD, and 3.9% had an inflammatory or autoimmune disease. The median (interquartile range) PDW was 13.5 (12.1–14.9) fL. During a median follow-up of 49 (30–79) months, 372 patients (48.6%) died. Patients with PDW ≥ 14.3 fL presented a multivariate-adjusted higher risk of all-cause death than those with lower values (hazard ratio: 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.64, P = .2).

Conclusions:
Patients with PDW ≥14.3 fL (upper tercile for PDW) presented a multivariate-adjusted 32% (95% CI: 5–64%) higher risk of all-cause death than those with lower values. PDW can help clinicians stratify patients with chronic HF; it is a practical, inexpensive, and widely available parameter.
Large-scale network mechanisms underlying postoperative cognitive improvement after spine surgery
Authors: Antonenko Daria , Leroy Sophie , Müller Jonas , Behr Frederik , Fromm Anna E. , von Dincklage Falk , Fleischmann Robert 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The outcome of major surgery is determined not only by the success of the procedure itself but also by its neurocognitive effects. We previously reported improved cognition following spine surgery (Müller et al. 2023 Spine), but the mechanisms underlying these changes remain unknown.

Materials and methods:
We analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance images of 79 patients (mean/SD age: 71/7 years) acquired at baseline in this previously published trial. For 26 patients, data was additionally available at 3-months follow-up visits. To delineate large-scale connectivity, we calculated functional connectivity (FC) within and between three core neural networks, the central executive network (CEN), the salience network (SAL), and the default mode network (DMN).

Results:
FC between CEN and SAL predicted cognitive improvement (beta = 0.36, 95%-CI 0.28 to 0.45, P = 0.033). Average FC between all nodes of the CEN showed changes toward an increase after surgery (beta = 0.057, 95%-CI −0.01 to 0.123, P = 0.086). Further seed-based FC analyses revealed that this increase was most pronounced in the functional coupling between left dorsolateral prefrontal and right posterior parietal cortex (beta = 0.10, T(24) = 2.73, P
unc = 0.012, P
FDR = 0.035). The increase of CEN-FC correlated with individual enhancements of executive scores (beta = 0.34, 95%-CI 0.32 to 0.36, P = 0.034).

Conclusion:
Integration of activity between the CEN and SAL networks predicted postoperative cognitive improvements, suggesting that less segregated large-scale functional networks may facilitate beneficial cognitive changes following surgery. Postoperative increases in functional coupling may serve as a biomarker for individual improvements in executive functions. These results indicate that surgery should not be routinely deferred in elderly patients due to concerns about postoperative neurocognitive complications. Moreover, our findings highlight potential targets for non-invasive brain stimulation interventions aimed at preventing neurocognitive complications.
Home Medication Regimen Complexity in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Oncology Patients
Authors: Skipper K. Elizabeth , Wadhwa Aman , Rice Marti , York Jocelyn , Bhatia Smita , Landier Wendy 
Published: January 2025

Background
Parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer require specialized education to provide care for their child at home, including the management of complex medication regimens.

Objective
To assess the complexity of home medication regimens in a cohort of newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients.

Methods
We inventoried and categorized all discharge medications for each patient and used the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) to quantify the complexity of the prescribed medication regimens. We used logistic regression to identify patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics significantly (P < .05) associated with higher medication burden (ie, higher total MRCI scores).

Results
The cohort consisted of 105 newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients initially hospitalized between December 2016 and February 2019 (61.9% male, 65.7% non-Hispanic White, 65.7% leukemia or lymphoma; median [range] age at diagnosis, 7.1 [0.4-17.7] years; median [range] number of discharge medications, 9 [1-14]). The proportion of patients prescribed ≥1 medication in each pharmacologic category was as follows: antiemetics, 94.3%; antimicrobials, 93.3%; pain management, 88.6%; oral care, 86.7%; stool softeners/laxatives, 81.0%; gastrointestinal protectants, 60.0%; cancer-directed therapy, 51.5%, other supportive therapies, 49.5%, other, 27.6%. Characteristics associated with ≥ median (≥33.0) MRCI score included a diagnosis of leukemia or lymphoma (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.6; P = .027; comparison: solid tumor) and older age (odds ratio, 1.1 per year; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.2; P = .020).

Conclusions
Most children newly diagnosed with cancer are discharged with complex medication regimens that parents/caregivers must manage at home.

Implications for Practice
Nurses can use these findings to develop tailored medication education plans for parents/caregivers of newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients.
Spur-winged lapwings show spatial behavioural types with different mobility and exploration between urban and rural individuals
Authors: Bar-Ziv Michael , Ziv Hilla , Breuer Mookie , Arnon Eitam , Uzan Assaf , Spiegel Orr 
Published: January 2025

Understanding how wildlife responds to the spread of human-dominated habitats is a major challenge in ecology. It is still poorly understood how urban areas affect wildlife space-use patterns and consistent intra-specific behavioural differences (i.e. behavioural types; BTs), which in turn shape various ecological processes. To address these questions, we investigated the movements of a common resident wader, the spur-winged lapwing (
Vanellus spinosus
), hypothesizing that urban individuals will be more mobile than rural ones. We used an ATLAS tracking system to track many (
n
= 135) individuals at a high resolution over several months each. We first established that daily movement indices show consistent differences among individuals, acting as spatial-BTs. Then focusing on the two main principle components of lapwings’ daily movements—mobility and position along the exploration–exploitation gradient—we investigated how these BTs are shaped by urbanization, season (nesting versus non-nesting) and sex. We found that urban lapwings were indeed more mobile in both seasons. Furthermore, urban females were less explorative than rural females, especially during the nesting season. These results highlight how urbanization affects wildlife behaviour, even of apparently urban-resilient avian residents. This underscores the need to consider possible behavioural consequences that are only apparent through advanced tracking methods.
HIV-1 Vpr alters cellular transcription by targeting the PAF1 complex
Authors: Biguet Maximilien , Marno Kelly , Oliveira Nidia , Gibbons Joseph M , Pade Corinna , Jones Christopher E , Branco Miguel R , McKnight Aine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInnate immunity represents the first line of defence against viral infections, and successful pathogens like HIV-1 have evolved mechanisms to bypass these barriers. The PAF1 complex (PAF1c) has emerged as a key regulator of antiviral innate immune responses, inhibiting the replication of various viruses, including HIV-1. While its role in transcription regulation is well documented, little is known about how PAF1c inhibits HIV-1 and how HIV-1 circumvents this antiviral activity. Here we demonstrate that Vpr induces the rapid and transient downmodulation of PAF1c shortly after infection, a process that correlates with significant transcriptomic changes within the host cell. Transcriptomic profiling reveals that PAF1 knockdown mirrors many of the gene expression changes induced by HIV-1 infection, indicating that Vpr antagonism of PAF1c is a means by which HIV-1 may modulate host gene expression to favour replication. Further, we show that the loss of PAF1c leads to the suppression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and several known HIV-1 restriction factors. Overall, the evidence supports the emerging role of PAF1 as a regulator of a broad antiviral transcriptional program, but also suggests a specific anti-HIV activity that is countered by HIV-1 Vpr.
Valence-dependent sensory-rhythmic neural entrainment modulates cortico-subcortical dynamics, attention, and memory
Authors: Hoyer R.S. , Bernier M-F. , Martineau L. , Lessard Bonaventure P. , Labelle C. , Borderie A. , Blanchette I. , Blumenthal A. , Albouy P. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryRecent studies have shown that sensory rhythmic stimulation can enhance executive functions by synchronizing, entraining, oscillations within higher-order cortical networks. However, whether this entrainment extends to subcortical structures and shapes human behavior remains unclear. In a first experiment, we used intracranial EEG recordings in epileptic patients during a visual search task. While neutral stimulation induced moderate entrainment, we demonstrated that 5 Hz negative-valence stimulation can significantly entrain theta oscillations in a widespread task-related cortico-subcortical network, with increased synchrony in the ventral visual stream, the hippocampus, and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In a second behavioral experiment in healthy individuals, visual search performance improved under both stimulation conditions, but memory for target images, assessed through an additional recognition task, was significantly enhanced after negative stimulation. These findings unravel the role of valence in modulating subcortical brain activity and behaviors through rhythmic sensory stimulation and pave the way for its further application in clinical intervention.
Three-dimensional quantitative characterization ofCoxiella burnetiiinfection using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Botting Jack M. , Steiner Samuel , Graham Morven , Liu Xinran , Roy Craig R. , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCoxiella burnetiiis a highly virulent intracellular pathogen that causes acute and chronic Q fever in humans. The bacterium utilizes a Dot/Icm type IV secretion system (T4SS) to translocate over 100 effectors into host cells to facilitate biogenesis ofCoxiella-containing vacuoles (CCVs), which are specialized lysosome-derived organelles that support bacterial replication. During replication in CCVs,C. burnetiiundergoes a unique biphasic developmental cycle defined by two distinct cellular forms: the infectious and metabolically dormant small cell variant (SCV) that converts to a replicative large cell variant (LCV). This developmental cycle was believed to be intimately coupled with biogenesis of CCVs, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. Here, we combine advanced focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) with machine learning-based data analyses to visualize host cells infected byC. burnetii. We reveal significant pleiomorphism of both the bacteria and CCVs in three dimensions. We show that this technology can be leveraged to characterize CCV biogenesis defects displayed byC. burnetiimutants that are unable to generate the large CCV displayed by wild-typeC. burnetii. Analysis of HeLa cells infected with acig2::Tn mutant confirmed that this mutant creates vacuoles that have a defect in homotypic fusion but that the proportions of SCV to LCV in vacuoles in which this mutant resides are nearly identical to CCVs containing wild-typeC. burnetii, which indicates the vacuole biogenesis defect displayed by thecig2::Tn mutant did not impact the developmental cycle intracellularly. Collectively, this study provides unprecedented three-dimensional images of the complex intracellular lifestyle ofC. burnetii. This imaging technology also provides unique insights into the biphasic developmental cycle and will be a powerful approach to dissect CCV biogenesis defects displayed by mutantC. burnetii.