bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Titles of Original Research Articles Published in Two Peer-Reviewed Journals of Community Medicine and Public Health from India
Authors: Wadde Satish K. , Domple Vijay Kishanrao 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Title is the first face of research article which is the mostly read part after publication.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the titles of original research articles published in two peer-reviewed journals of community medicine and public health from India.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive study included 340 original articles from the Indian Journal of Community Medicine and 140 articles the Indian Journal of Public Health published during 2010 to 2018. These articles were downloaded from the official website of the journals. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. A predesigned proforma pertaining to fulfill objective consisting of Setting, Population, Intervention, Conclusion, Endpoint and Design (SPICED) criteria, length, typology, punctuation, abbreviations, use of keywords in title, was used. Data were entered in Excel and analyzed by using Epi Info version 7 for frequencies and percentages.

Results:
Out of 480 original research articles, 48.54% of the articles had title with 16 to 30 words. Four hundred and forty-two (92.08%) titles were of declarative type and 42.08% titles were of topic only type. Out of 200 articles where punctuation or abbreviations were used maximum 83% were with colon. 46.46% articles quoted 5–8 keywords in the articles. Only 9.58% titles were with all the keywords quoted. Only one experimental study had title with SPICED criteria while no observational study had title was with all criteria.

Conclusions:
Most of the titles were of descriptive type and less use of keywords in titles was there in the formulation of titles along with scarce use of all components of SPICED criteria.
Assessment of Indian Healthcare Personnel Awareness, Attitude, and Perception Toward COVID-19 Vaccine – A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Gupta Ridhima , Prasad Ashwini B. , Raisingani Deepak , Prasad Sumanth , Khurana Deeksha , Srivastava Harshit , Mital Prachi 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
COVID-19 pandemic is the most daunting challenge for humankind in the current scenario. Healthcare personnel (HCPs) being at forefront dealing with pandemic, have been prioritized to get inoculated against COVID-19. However, literature has limited information regarding HCPs intention to get vaccinated and their concerns regarding the same. Therefore, this study was done to assess Indian HCPs awareness, attitude, and perception toward the COVID-19 vaccine.

Materials and Methods:
An online cross-sectional study was conducted using the convenience sampling method. A validated questionnaire was designed in English and was mailed to all the participants through link of Google form and also through social media platforms. A total of 815 HCPs responses were obtained.

Results:
Of the 815 responses 452 were willing for the COVID-19 vaccine. Five hundred and eighty-three HCPs have shown trust in the Science and Ministry of Health for the development of safe and effective vaccines. Four hundred and sixty-one of HCPs were of the opinion that India is going slow on the vaccination drive and 620 of them feel the need to accelerate the drive.

Conclusions:
High acceptance and low hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccine demands increased vaccine coverage by Indian HCPs. Addressing this demand requires possible intervention by the participation of the private sector which will help to accept the national vaccination program to a wider scale, thereby combating the future wave of the pandemic.
Cytomorphometric Evaluation of the Epithelial Cells of Buccal Mucosa in Smokeless Tobacco Users
Authors: Batra Mehaksha , Hande Alka Harish , Gawande Madhuri N. , Patil Swati K. , Sonone Archana , Sharma Preethi N. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Smokeless tobacco (SLT) used in various formulations induces certain oral mucosal lesions commonly known as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). The prevalence of transformation of OPMD to oral squamous cell carcinoma is high. Thus, early diagnosis and prompt intervention may prevent this progression and further malignant transformation.

Aim and Objectives:
We aimed to assess the effect of tobacco chewing on epithelial cells of buccal mucosa in SLT users using cytomorphometry.

Materials and Methods:
The study group comprised 90 patients divided into three groups (A, B, and C). The comparison of the cellular diameter, nuclear diameter, and the nuclear–cellular diameter ratio of epithelial cells of buccal mucosa of control group (A) with tobacco chewing habit but no oral mucosal lesion (B) and tobacco chewing habits and oral mucosal premalignant lesions (C) was carried out.

Results:
Univariate analysis of variance showed a significant group effect for cellular diameter, nuclear diameter, and ratio of nuclear–cellular diameter. Multiple comparison tests by Tukey's honestly significant difference procedure revealed a significant decrease in the mean cellular diameter, increase in the nuclear diameter, and ratio of nuclear–cellular diameter.

Conclusion:
Cytomorphometric changes could be the earliest indicators of cellular alterations. There is a progressive decrease in cellular diameter, increase in nuclear diameter, and ratio of nuclear–cellular diameter in epithelial cells of buccal mucosa from all smokeless tobacco users, as compared to normal controls. This indicates that there could be cause–effect relationship between tobacco and quantitative alterations.
Evaluation and Comparisons of Steiner's Analyses in Class I, Class II, and Class III Patients of Central India as an Aid in Orthodontic Treatment Plan
Authors: Kumari Shail , Bapat Shirish Madhusudan , Mishra Sunil Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cephalometric values particular to one ethnic group may not be applicable to others.

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare Steiner's analyses in Class I, Class II, and Class III patients of Central India in two different age groups.

Materials and Methods:
Sample size comprised 240 patients belonged to Central India. Patients were divided into two main groups: Group I comprised 120 young children in age of 12–16 years and Group II comprised 120 young adults in age of 18–22 years. Steiner's analysis was done from the data collected to assess skeletal and dental parameters.

Results:
Central Indian patients had bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion, particularly predominant in Class I and Class II males and Class III females. Central Indian patients had predominant retrognathic jaws in comparison to Caucasian norms.

Conclusions:
The differences of skeletal and dental parameters indicate that Caucasian norms cannot be truly adhered to Central India patients during orthodontic treatment. Incisors were normally more proclined in Central Indian patients and their overretraction during orthodontic treatment would cause flattening of facial profile and therefore should be avoided.
Study on Yoga Practices and Biochemical, Physical and Physiological Alterations
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Agrawal Rohit , Bhagat Rohit , Yadav MK , Agrawaal Alka , Sharma Preeti 
Published: March 2023

Background:
During the COVID pandemic period, our home-restricted life led to many undesirable physical, physiological, and mental alterations. Yoga a traditional system of medicines by virtue of its holistic approach toward health and disease and also due to reasonable cost, the technique has an edge in dealing with health problems and with primary prevention of disease.

Aim:
The current study has been designed to assess the effect of short-term (for 3 months for 5 days in a week or 40 days) yoga practice on lipid profile, and blood glucose level, C-reactive protein (CRP), and other physical and physiological parameters among healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:
Students went for yoga practice for 3 months (90 days) for 5 days in a week under the supervision of trained yoga instructor. Yoga activity was conducted via Google Meet app through broadband connectivity. The procedure began with Surya Namaskar (Sun Saluation) with a session of 12 asanas (fixed postures) for 20 min, followed by 15 min Pranayam (breathing exercise including anulome-vilome, surya bandana, sheetali, and bhramari). The session ended with 10 min meditation. Yoga program was started on September 27, 2020, and ended on December 27, 2020, after the completion of 3 months. Biochemical investigation (lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, CRP) and physiological parameters (blood pressure [BP], pulse), and other anthropometric parameters including weight, height body mass index reports were collected before September 27 and after December 27 in 5 days after the completion of 3 months tenure.

Results:
Results of the study clearly indicate fasting sugar, systolic BP, and low-density lipoprotein were significantly decreased (with value <0.02, 0.007, and 0.001, respectively) in the postyoga phase as compared to preyoga baseline investigation.

Conclusion:
The The present study substantiates some good results of the yoga training. Although all the tested parameters could not show desired changes and they were statistically insignificant.
Undernutrition Using the Mid Upper Arm Circumference among Pregnant Women and Its Predictors in Delhi, India
Authors: Sharma Pragya , Basu Saurav , Marimuthu Yamini , Sharma Nandini , Nagappa Bharathnag 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Maternal undernutrition is a major public health challenge in developing countries linked with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. The study objective was to determine the prevalence of maternal undernutrition and assess the validity of the mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) method for the detection of undernutrition in pregnant women.

Methods:
This secondary data analysis was based on the data collected from antenatal women irrespective of gestational age recruited at two clinic sites in government hospitals of Delhi, India from February to June 2020.

Results:
A total of 69 (5.3%), 426 (32.6), and 811 (62.1%) women in their first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy, respectively, were enrolled (n = 1306). The mean (SD) age of the participants was 24.9 (3.9) years. The prevalence of undernutrition considering MUAC <23 cm was 21.5% (95% CI: 19.3-23.8). On adjusted analysis, age <30 years, Hindu religion correlating with vegetarian diet and lower educational status were significantly associated with higher odds of maternal undernutrition. Diagnostic accuracy for detecting maternal undernutrition using MUAC with cutoff <23 cm and body mass index (BMI) of <18.5 kg/m2 as the gold standard showed r = 0.36, P < 0.001 and kappa value, κ = 0.293, P < 0.001 indicating significant agreement. Maternal undernutrition was also a statistically significant predictor of low BMI, anemia, and low birth weight among newborn (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Nearly one in five pregnant women were undernourished in government health facilities in Delhi. Furthermore, the MUAC is a low-cost appropriate technology for identifying undernutrition among pregnant women and predictor of low-birth weight in the newborn in primary health-care settings.
Randomized Blind Study to Evaluate the Sensitivity and Specificity of Glucose Level Estimation from Gingival Crevicular Blood Using Glucometer
Authors: Hegde Rajat R. , Kudthadka Arathi , Karikal Arvind 
Published: March 2023

Context:
To facilitate a reliable rapid chairside blood glucose estimation to detect blood glucose levels in patients reporting for bleeding from the gums.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the blood glucose level in gingival crevicular blood (GCB) using a glucometer and compare the values obtained from venous blood from the same patient.

Settings and Design:
A blind study of the cross-sectional population of patients visiting a tertiary health-care center. The sample size was estimated based on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population, using the following formula: n = (Zα/2)2 × pq/e2.

Subjects and Methods:
The study involved collecting GCB and simultaneous collection of intravenous blood from every alternate patient with active bleeding on probing, till 110 samples were recorded. GCB was then analyzed with a handheld glucometer, and the intravenous blood was analyzed using Hexokinase method of estimation.

Statistical Analysis Used:
For statistical analysis, the data were gathered and coded in SPSS (IBM version 23). The frequency, percentages, mean, and standard deviation were among the descriptive statistics. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated from the contingency table. The Pearson correlation test and independent t-test were among the inferential statistics. At a 95% confidence level, the significance level was established at 0.05.

Results:
Of 110 participants, 57 were male, and 53 were female. The sensitivity showed 89.2%, specificity was 91.8%, and positive predictive value stood at 84.6%, negative predictive value was 94.4%, and accuracy was 90.91%. When mean venous and GCB glucose levels were compared, it was 151.1727 ± 87.65695 mg/dL and 147.7455 ± 79.44064 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.762, > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Gingival blood glucose level estimation using a glucometer is an easy way to perform a minimally invasive procedure; it could support early diabetes identification in cases of atypical diabetic patients and enable physicians to improve the frequency of diabetes screening in dentistry offices. Despite not being a diabetic diagnostic test, such screening will play a crucial role as a clinical chairside test.
Saliva Properties and Dental Caries Prevalence in the South Karnataka Population
Authors: Pallavi Vyapaka , Hegde Mithra N. , Kamakshi G. , Indra Shanthiprasad , Sainath Dinapadu 
Published: March 2023

Context:
The biochemical and physicochemical properties of saliva have multifunctional roles in maintaining oral and general health. This article emphasizes the influence of salivary properties on caries process and caries susceptibility.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to investigate associations between prevalence and activity of intraoral carious lesions and salivary properties tested using the saliva check kit (GC Corp) in adult South Karnataka population.

Subjects and Methods:
With ethical approval, 100 healthy adult patients coming to the Outpatient Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics who have decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index ≥5 have been selected for the study. Saliva properties tested included hydration, viscosity, resting pH, and for quantity and buffering capacity of stimulated saliva.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data obtained were analyzed with Spearman's rank correlation.

Results:
The resting saliva pH and the buffering capacity of the stimulated saliva were shown to be statistically significant (P < 0.05), whereas resting saliva hydration and stimulated saliva viscosity were not significant. The quantity of the stimulated saliva showed no correlation with DMFT.

Conclusions:
There appeared to be a correlation between the resting pH of saliva, saliva buffering capacity, and the potential lesion activity of dental caries.
Comparison of Sequential CO2 Laser and Dermaroller versus CO2 Laser Alone in the Treatment of Acne Scarring
Authors: Jawade Sugat A. , Chugh Vishal , Gohil Sneha , Mistry Amit , Jawade Swapna S. , Ramapure Raavi 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Ablative CO2 laser resurfacing and dermaroller are proven effective modalities for the treatment of acne scarring. However, one out of two techniques is done exclusively in a patient. We have compared the sequential fractional CO2 laser and dermaroller in one group of patients, while the other group was subjected to exclusive fractional CO2 laser treatment.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 28 patients were recruited for the study. Fourteen patients (aged 21–35 years) with moderate-to-severe acne scars underwent one sitting of fractional CO2 laser, followed by dermaroller after 6 weeks to follow the same sequence making total of four sittings over 6 months, while other 14 patients (aged 21–36 years) underwent total of four fractional CO2 laser sittings within a gap of 6 weeks each. Outcomes were based on scar severity scores as described by Lipper and Perez and patients' subjective ratings.

Results:
Acne scarring improved significantly in all 28 patients. Mean scar severity scores decreased to 34.3% as compared to 80.7% before treatment, decreasing by a mean of 56.9% in Group A, while in Group B, the mean scar severity scores decreased to 40.5% as compared to 76.3%, decreasing by a mean of 46.9%. Mean patients' subjective score was recorded as 2, which represents a good improvement (25%–50%) in Group A, while it was recorded as 1, representing mild improvement (0%–25%) in Group B.

Conclusions:
Successfully combining fractional CO2 laser with dermaroller constitutes a safe and extremely effective treatment modality for acne scarring.
Decreased Adiponectin in Hypothyroidism Favors the Synthesis of Inflammatory Markers Associated with Musculoskeletal Abnormalities
Authors: Raman Ramendra Kumar , Panda Sitansu Kumar , Mohanty Biswa Bhusan , Chinara Prafulla Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Abnormal thyroid function leads to a lot of health complications. Apart from the levels of T3 and T4, abnormal levels of thyroid stimulating hormone are a matter of concern. Hypothyroidism has been reported to be associated with symptoms of a variety of musculoskeletal (MSK) dysfunction. Inflammation is the primary cause of MSK dysfunction. Adipocyte secreting adiponectin plays a crucial role in the establishment of inflammatory conditions in the whole system.

Aims and Objectives:
The present study is aimed to evaluate the interrelationship between adiponectin and thyroid abnormalities to induce the inflammatory markers associated with MSK dysfunction.

Materials and Methods:
Elevated gene expression and synthesis of interleukin 6 (IL 6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) have been implicated in a variety of immunologically driven inflammatory diseases. Patients with thyroid complications were included in the study (n = 300). Thyroid function test, lipid profile, adiponectin, IL 6, and TNF α levels were measured. Compared to hyperthyroidism significant decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in hypothyroid individuals.

Results:
Significantly decreased adiponectin levels were observed in hypothyroid patients. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as IL 6 and TNF α were also observed in the patients with hypothyroidism as compared to the hyperthyroid individuals. Results observed in the present study revealed that conditions of hypothyroidism synergistically favor the progression of rheumatoid arthritis complication.

Conclusion:
We observed significantly decreased levels of adiponectin in hypothyroid patient samples as compared to the samples of hyperthyroid patients.
Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Fetal Outcome Among Patients with PIH
Authors: Goswami Asoke Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Hypertension is defined as a blood pressure level of 140/90 mmHg measured twice with a 6-h interval between each measurement during pregnancy. The rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure is critical in determining whether or not someone has pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). PIH, also known as toxemia or preeclampsia, is a type of high blood pressure that occurs during pregnancy.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 67 pregnant women who presented to our hospital with PIH were enrolled using the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Women with 20 weeks of gestation and those who willing to participate in this study.

Results:
Pregnancy-induced hypertension was more prevalent among nulliparous (56.7%). Out of 29 women, 13 (44.8%) have past h/o of PIH, 24.1% had previous preterm delivery, and 68.9% had previous lower segment cesarean section. The clinical presentation in mothers with PIH which shows that 47.8% had lower abdominal pain and 19.4% had vomiting/epigastric discomfort followed by headache (11.9%), convulsion (8.95%), and no any complaint (13.43%).

Conclusion:
Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a frequent medical condition that occurs during pregnancy. We discovered that PIH is more common in children under the age of 18 and in moms who are nulliparous. PIH causes a variety of clinical manifestations, some of which can be used to detect PIH early.
A Study of Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Ovarian Axis in Depressive Females in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Aligarh
Authors: Rehman Mohammad Hifzur , Ali Syed Sadat 
Published: March 2023

Background :
More than 264 million individuals around the world suffer from depression, with females experiencing it twice as frequently as males.

Material and Methods:
Women with depression have been reported to have considerably reduced blood levels of estradiol. To determine the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), oestrogen, and progesterone in depressed women as well as any abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, we conducted this case-control study.

Observation and Results:
A total of 25 depressive patients and 25 matched controls who were not depressed were evaluated. The DSM-IV criteria were used to diagnose the patients. The controls, who were premenopausal women, had no history of current or previous mental disorder. The 17-point Hamilton rating scale was used to assess the severity of the depression. The 17-point Hamilton depression rating scale was used to assess the severity of the condition.

Conclusion :
Both in the follicular phase (p<0.05) and the luteal phase, depressed patients had significantly decreased levels of estradiol. The majority of patients had sleep difficulties, leading to recommendations to assess estradiol levels in depressed ladies and to think about hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
Association between Oral Cancer and ABO Blood Groups
Authors: Ashwinirani S. R. , Suragimath Girish 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Oral cancer (OC) in India accounts for about 40% of all cancers of the body. Since the majority of human cancers are derived from epithelial cell changes in blood group antigens, it is an important aspect of human malignancies. So the present study was designed to evaluate the association between ABO blood group type and OC.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 63 atients were included in the study after obtaining a written consent and ethical clearance from the Institution. Demographic information including name, age, gender, adverse habits were recorded in a predesigned proforma. The clinically confirmed cases of OC were included and ABO blood grouping was done by routine method using Eryscreen Plus kit. The data was entered in MS excel and subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
Most common age group affected in OC was 50-59 years and more in males. The most common site affected by OC was buccal mucosa. Blood group A patients were more common in OC.

Conclusion:
Based on the results of our study males aged above 50-59 years with blood group A were more prone to develop OC.