bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy-driven responsibility for innovations and organisational learning: an ethnographic study in additive manufacturing product innovations
Authors: Sischarenco Elena , Luomaranta Toni 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Policy-oriented responsibility initiatives are institutional attempts to make innovations more responsible. One such initiative is offered by the European Commission’s responsible research and innovation (RRI) keys (public engagement, gender equality, science education, open access and ethics). This study is conducted in the context of an EU Horizon 2020 project and focuses on the introduction of RRI keys to innovation projects of the additive manufacturing (AM) industry. This study aims to understand how these RRI keys are perceived and adopted by industry project partners.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use an ethnographic study based on “participant observation”, supported by interviews and workshops with AM industry experts. In particular, the analysis covers two specific innovation use cases – one in the medical field, and second in the automotive field, in the context of the EU project. The analysis, based on ethnographic data, is inductive and interpretative.

Findings
The authors take a critical approach towards the implementation of RRI policy keys as measurable indicators, and argue that they are not easy tools to implement. The authors portray how RRI keys were understood and welcomed by industrial organisations, and how their implementation raised controversies. The authors also found that RRI keys are difficult to understand. They are not easy to measure and report, and this contrasts with earlier proposals of how RRI keys should be governed or implemented. The governance, meaning the dialogue between stakeholders both internal and external to the organisation, was time-consuming and required constant organisational learning.

Originality/value
Due to the insightful ethnographic methodology, the authors could well underline the faults and difficulties of the application of policy-oriented responsibility in innovation. The findings illustrate the difficulty of implementing RRI in an industry that mainly operates business-to-business. This can help future policymakers to find more successful ways of pushing industry and innovators to be more responsible. It can also suggest better ways of reaching higher organisational learning for the purpose of more responsible innovations.
Honey, let's read a story together; mothers' lived experiences of joint story‐reading with their child: Insights from an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Omid , Najarpourian Samaneh , Samavi Abdolvahab , Rastegar Yaser 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMother–child dyads were invited via Instagram to read 10 children's short stories together over the course of 10 weeks. Stories were read to/with the child on a self‐paced, once‐weekly basis in the mother's presence, on WhatsApp and Skype. Children were elementary school age, that is, 7–11 years. Analysis of interview transcriptions with mothers indicated three major themes: empathy, improved filial relations and emotion regulation of parent. Mothers emerged more empathic and aware of their emotions 3–4 weeks into the intervention, with a better understanding of and grip on themselves. They also experienced better regulation of emotion and a closer filial connection with their child over this period. Limitations of the study and guidelines for future research are also discussed.
The social life of natural experiments in epidemiology and public health
Authors: Herrick Clare , Bell Kirsten 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the twentieth century, the concept of the natural experiment has become increasingly prominent across a variety of disciplines, albeit most consequentially in epidemiology and public health. Drawing on an analysis of the scientific and medical literature, we explore the social life of the natural experiment, tracing its changing use, meaning and uptake to better understand the work done by the concept. We demonstrate how the natural experiment became central to the identity of post‐war epidemiology as the discipline professionalised, turned its attention to the prevention of chronic disease and took centre stage in the field of public health. We then turn to its growing significance amid the rise of evidence‐based medicine, and the new meanings natural experiments came to take on in the context of concerns about policy and evidence. Finally, we turn to the newest iteration of the natural experiment in the COVID‐19 era, which saw an explosion of studies drawing on the term, albeit in ways that reveal more about the underlying politics of health than the method itself. Throughout, we illustrate that the concept of the natural experiment has always been fundamentally social and political and tied to disciplinary claims‐making about evidence and what should count as such.
Ethnographic closeness: methodological reflections on the interplay of engagement and detachment in immersive ethnographic research
Authors: Pilbeam Caitlin , Greenhalgh Trisha , Potter Caroline M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the reflexive turn in the social sciences, emotional engagement is an inevitable and crucial part of data‐gathering and analysis. However, there is a glaring gap in methodological discussions to this end. Presenting ethnographic research into end of life with people living at home in England with heart failure, we argue for a methodological blend of engagement and detachment that shifts throughout the research process, and that sensory experience is a core part of engagement. We offer ethnographic examples which present and explore some alternatives to emotional engagement and objective detachment: (1) moving with participants to facilitate engagement during fieldwork through shared sensory experience; (2) detachment as a different way of relating when exiting the field and drawing participant relationships to a close; and (3) ethnographic closeness as the interplay of engagement and detachment in participant debriefing and data analysis. Based on well‐established anthropological concepts, and taking both engagement and detachment as embodied and relational, we develop a notion of ethnographic closeness in which detachment is a necessary part. Our detailed methodological discussion thus offers theoretically grounded possibilities and alternatives for approaching and managing the core tension of ‘how close is too close?’ in ethnographic practice. Further contributions supporting researchers in navigating ethnographic research are needed.
Recalibrating the management of resources in emergency response
Authors: Amaro Joseph , Fifolt Matthew 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article is an example of ‘Lessons from the Field’. Traditionally, preparedness activities emphasize acquisition of resources and the evaluation of resource capabilities. However, as local health departments (LHDs) move into a post‐coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) reality, we suggest greater emphasis be placed on the management of resources. In other words, all‐hazards planning should include policies that empower incident management personnel to complete specific tasks and procedures that ensure adequate and equitable resource deployment. Although resource management looks different for every organisation, identifying and reviewing some of the challenges experienced in Lake County, IL, during the COVID‐19 response may highlight practical solutions for LHDs. Policies and procedures governing resource management during Lake County's COVID‐19 response affected the ability of the Public Health Emergency Operations Center to maintain a common operating picture, provide clear job roles and responsibilities, and prioritize resource application in a dynamic environment. The pace of a global emergency may impact the ability of organisations to conduct these activities, but decision‐makers must obtain the information most likely to impact response efforts. Regardless of the specific resources being applied during an emergency, there will always be a need to identify and review objectives, assess the impact of resource allocation, and adjust resource assignments.
Non‐destructive detection and recognition of pesticide residue levels on cauliflowers using visible/near‐infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics
Authors: Zhang Mingyue , Xue Jianxin , Li Yaodi , Yin Junyi , Liu Yang , Wang Kai , Li Zezhen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, two prediction models were developed using visible/near‐infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) and least squares support vector machine (LS‐SVM) for the detection of pesticide residues of avermectin, dichlorvos, and chlorothalonil at different concentration levels on the surface of cauliflowers. Five samples of each of the three different types of pesticide were prepared at different concentrations and sprayed in groups on the surface of the corresponding cauliflower samples. Utilizing the spectral data collected in the Vis/NIR as input values, comparison and analysis of preprocessed spectral data, and regression coefficient (RC), successive projections algorithm (SPA), and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) were used in turn to downscale the data to select the main feature wavelengths, and PLS‐DA and LS‐SVM models were built for comparison. The results showed that the RC‐LS‐SVM was the best discriminant model for detecting avermectin residues concentration on the surface of cauliflowers, with a prediction set discriminant accuracy of 98.33%. For detecting different concentrations of dichlorvos, the SPA‐LS‐SVM had the best predictive accuracy of 95%. The accuracy of the model based on CARS‐PLS‐DA to identify chlorothalonil at different concentration levels on cauliflower surfaces reached 93.33%. The results demonstrated that the Vis/NIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics could quickly and effectively identify pesticide residues on cauliflower surfaces, affording a certain reference for the rapid recognition of different pesticide residue concentrations on cauliflower surfaces.Practical ApplicationVis/NIR spectroscopy can detect the concentration levels of pesticide residues on the surface of cauliflowers and help food regulators quickly and non‐destructively detect traces of pesticides in food, providing a guarantee for food safety. The technique also provides a basis for determining pesticide residue concentrations on the surface of other vegetables.
Clinicopathological features, treatment modalities, and prognosis of esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yao , Liao Jiao Tao , Lin Ying , Liu Chang , Wu Zhen Hua , Yu Bo , Sun Si , Yu Hui , Hui Xiao Hua , Wu Xiang Hua , Zhao Xin Min , Wang Hui Jie , Zheng Qiang , Li Yuan , Hu Zhi Huang , Wang Jia Lei 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesEsophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (ENEC) is a rare cancer that is highly malignant and related to a poor prognosis. In this retrospective study we aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of patients with ENEC and to evaluate the potential prognostic factors.MethodsAltogether 82 patients diagnosed with ENEC between January 2009 and December 2020 at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were retrospectively enrolled. Patients’ survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier and log‐rank methods. Univariate and multivariate analyses and a Cox regression model were used to identify the prognostic factors.ResultsThe median overall survival (mOS) was 13 months in all patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced tumor stage (hazard ratio [HR] 2.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–6.66, P = 0.0353), liver (HR 3.36, 95% CI 1.53–7.41, P = 0.0026) and lung metastasis (HR 3.37, 95% CI 1.20–9.51, P = 0.0214) were associated with a poor prognosis. While positive chromogranin A (CgA) expression was related to a favorable outcome (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.09–0.49, P < 0.001). Also, patients had adjustment of chemotherapy (dose reduction or less than three cycles) were prone to a worse prognosis compared with those did not (HR 4.36, 95% CI 2.10–9.08, P < 0.001).ConclusionIn patients with ENEC, advanced cancer stage, adjustment of chemotherapy, liver and lung metastasis were associated with a poor survival, while CgA expression was related to a favorable prognosis.
Poncet's disease and tubal tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Zengin Oğuzhan , Göre Burak , Sağlar Yunus , Şahiner Enes Seyda , İnan Osman , Ateş İhsan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 25‐year‐old female patient was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss for the last 5 months. The patient underwent paracentesis five times and was referred to our clinic after peritonitis findings were detected. Tubal tuberculosis was detected during her hospitalization. The patient, who also developed joint pain, was diagnosed with Poncet's disease. She was given quadruple antituberculosis treatment. After the treatment, the patient's joint pain regressed, and the adnexal mass due to tubal tuberculosis disappeared. In this case report, we wanted to present a rare case of Poncet's disease with tubal tuberculosis.
Role of prognostic nutritional index in postoperative radiotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ryu Hyejo , Song Changhoon , Kim Jae‐Sung , Jeon Jae Hyun , Cho Sukki , Kim Kwhanmien , Jheon Sanghoon , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Jong Seok 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is known to be correlated with clinical outcomes in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, its role has not been studied in patients who have undergone postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PNI and survival and recurrence in NSCLC patients with PORT.MethodsWe reviewed 97 stage I–III NSCLC patients who received PORT between January 2006 and December 2016 at our institution. We obtained PNI values for both pre‐RT (within 1 month before PORT) and post‐RT (within 2 months after PORT) by using serum albumin and lymphocyte count. A cutoff value for PNI was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The median follow‐up period was 52.8 months.ResultsThe ROC curve of post‐RT PNI exhibited a higher area under the curve (AUC 0.68, cut‐off: 47.1) than that of pre‐RT PNI (AUC 0.55, cutoff: 50.3), so the group was divided into high post‐RT PNI (> 47.1) and low post‐RT PNI ( 47.1). The five‐year overall survival rate (OS) was 66.2% in the high post‐RT group, compared with 41.8% in the low post‐RT PNI group (p = 0.018). Those with both low pre‐RT and low post‐RT PNI had the worst five‐year OS of 31.1%. Post‐RT PNI (HR 0.92, p = 0.003) was an independent risk factor for mortality.ConclusionsPNI after PORT was significantly associated with survival. This finding suggests that PNI can be used as a prognostic marker.
Tryptophan metabolism and immune alterations in pregnant Hispanic women with chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection
Authors: Prescott Stephanie , Mutka Tina , Baumgartel Kelley , Yoo Ji Youn , Morgan Hailey , Postolache Teodor T. , Seyfang Andreas , Gostner Johanna M. , Fuchs Dietmar , Kim Kami , Groer Maureen E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProblemPregnancy markedly modifies women's metabolism and immune functions. We hypothesized that pregnancy might alter the immune and metabolic responses to chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy.Method of studyA population of 690 pregnant Hispanic women were screened for antibodies to T. gondii and 158 women were positive (23% positivity) with 83% showing high avidity indices. These seropositive women were followed through their pregnancies with four data collection time points and a postpartum collection at two clinics in Tampa, Florida. A T. gondii seronegative group (N = 128) was randomly selected to serve as a control group and measured along pregnancy in the same way. Serum levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, and their ratio, phenylalanine, tyrosine and their ratio, neopterin, and nitrite were measured through pregnancy and the postpartum. A plasma cytokine panel (IFN‐γ, TNFα, IL‐2, IL‐10, IL‐12, IL‐6, IL‐17) was analyzed in parallel.ResultsThe major findings suggest that indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO‐1) was less activated in T. gondii seropositive pregnant Hispanic women with chronic infection. Evidence for IDO‐1 suppression was that tryptophan catabolism was less pronounced and there were lower levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines including IFN‐γ, which is the major inducer of IDO‐1, and higher nitrite concentration, a surrogate marker for nitric oxide, an inhibitor of IDO.ConclusionsLatent T. gondii infection was associated with higher plasma tryptophan levels, and lower inflammatory cytokines across pregnancy, suggesting suppression of the IDO‐1 enzyme, and possible T cell exhaustion during pregnancy.
Efficacy and safety of on‐demand versus daily rupatadine in chronic spontaneous urticaria: A randomized trial
Authors: Weller Karsten , Gimenez‐Arnau Ana Maria , Baron Jens , Brehler Randolf , Ferrer Marta , Groffik Adriane , Grundmann Sonja , Jakob Thilo , Labrador‐Horrillo Moisés , Müller Sabine , Staubach Petra , Wurpts Gerda , Metz Martin , Maurer Marcus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNon‐sedating H1‐antihistamines (nsAH) are the most commonly used treatment for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Many patients use them as on‐demand (OD) therapy rather than a maintenance treatment. Here, we compared OD versus daily maintenance treatment with the nsAH rupatadine, assessed the efficacy of rupatadine updosing, and investigated potential long‐term disease‐modifying effects.MethodsThis multicenter, randomized study consisted of 2 weeks of screening, 8 weeks of double‐blind treatment, and 6 weeks of treatment‐free follow‐up (OD allowed). Adult patients were randomized to 10 mg rupatadine OD or 10 mg rupatadine daily. At Week 4, if patients did not have a complete response, they switched from 10 to 20 mg rupatadine daily or underwent sham updosing (patients on 10 mg rupatadine OD). The primary aim was to compare CSU disease activity at the end of follow‐up between daily versus OD. Additionally, we assessed the efficacy of rupatadine updosing. Major outcomes were disease activity, CSU‐related quality of life (QoL), and disease control.ResultsAt Week 4, disease activity and QoL significantly improved in daily versus OD‐treated patients. Updosing of rupatadine did not improve the mean disease activity, but the number of complete responders increased during updosing from 5% to 22%. At the end of follow‐up, the disease activity of patients treated OD versus daily was not significantly different.ConclusionsDaily rupatadine treatment significantly improved CSU disease activity and QoL during treatment versus OD treatment but not after discontinuation of rupatadine, indicating the benefits of a daily maintenance nsAH schedule.
Therapeutic drug monitoring and virological response at week 48 in a cohort of HIV‐1‐infected patients switching to dolutegravir/rilpivirine dual maintenance therapy (ANRS‐MIE‐BIRIDER study)
Authors: Lemaitre Florian , Lagoutte‐Renosi Jennifer , Gagnieu Marie‐Claude , Parant François , Venisse Nicolas , Grégoire Matthieu , Bouchet Stéphane , Garraffo Rodolphe , Lê Minh P. , Muret Patrice , Comets Emmanuelle , Solas Caroline , Peytavin Gilles ,   the ANRS‐MIE‐BIRIDER Study group on behalf of the Clinical Pharmacology Group of ANRS‐MIE AC43
Published: August 2023

AimsDolutegravir (DTG) and rilpivirine (RPV) dual therapy is now recommended as a switch option in virologically suppressed HIV patients. Literature suggests that virological failure with dual therapy could possibly relate to subtherapeutic drug concentrations. In this study, we aimed at describing the DTG and RPV trough plasma concentrations (Cmin) and plasma HIV‐1 RNA viral load (VL) during maintenance dual therapy.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of DTG and RPV therapeutic drug monitoring in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) with dual therapy in 9 French centres. DTG and RPV trough plasma concentrations were estimated using a Bayesian approach to predict Cmin. The relationship between the pharmacokinetics of DTG and RPV and VL > 50 copies (cp)/mL was explored using joint nonlinear mixed models. The frequency of subtherapeutic threshold (DTG Cmin below 640 ng/mL and RPV Cmin below 50 ng/mL) were compared between PLWHA presenting VL > 50 cp/mL or not during the study.ResultsAt baseline, 209 PLWHA were enrolled in the study. At week 48, 19 people living with HIV/AIDS (9.1%) discontinued their treatment and 15 PLWHA (7.1%) exhibited VL > 50 cp/mL. Six PLWHA out of 15 (40.0%) with VL > 50 cp/mL during the follow‐up had at least 1 Cmin below the respective thresholds while only 26/194 patients (13.4%) without virological replication had at least 1 concentration below the threshold (P = .015).ConclusionA majority of PLWHA receiving DTG/RPV maintenance dual therapy demonstrated VL < 50 cp/mL but virological replication was more frequent in people living with HIV/AIDS with subtherapeutic Cmin.
Prostagram magnetic resonance imaging in a screening population: Prostate Imaging‐Reporting and Data System or Likert?
Authors: Mayor Nikhil , Eldred‐Evans David , Tam Henry , Sokhi Heminder , Padhani Anwar R. , Connor Martin J. , Price Derek , Gammon Martin , Klimowska‐Nassar Natalia , Burak Paula , Day Emily , Winkler Mathias , Fiorentino Francesca , Shah Taimur , Ahmed Hashim Uddin 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo compare biopsy recommendation rates and accuracy of the Prostate Imaging‐Reporting and Data System, version 2 (PI‐RADSv2) with the Likert scale for detection of clinically significant and insignificant prostate cancer in men screened within the Imperial Prostate 1 Prostate Cancer Screening Trial Using Imaging (IP1‐PROSTAGRAM).Patients and MethodsMen aged 50–69 years were screened with Prostagram MRI. Scans were prospectively reported using both PI‐RADSv2 (excluding dynamic contrast‐enhanced sequence score) and 5‐point Likert scores by expert uro‐radiologists. Systematic and targeted transperineal biopsy was recommended if the scan was scored ≥ 3, based on either reporting system. The proportion of patients recommended for biopsy and detection rates for Grade Groups (GGs) 1 and ≥ 2 were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to compare performance.ResultsA total of 406 men underwent Prostagram MRI. The median (interquartile range) age and prostate‐specific antigen level were 57 (53–61) years and 0.91 (0.56–1.74) ng/mL, respectively. At MRI score ≥ 3, more patients were recommended for biopsy based on Likert criteria (94/406; 23%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 19.2%–27.6%) compared to PI‐RADSv2 (72/406; 18%, 95% CI 14.2%–21.9%; P = 0.03). For MRI scores ≥ 4, PI‐RADSv2 and Likert scales led to 43/406 (11%, 95% CI 7.9%–14.1%) and 35/406 (9%, 95% CI 6.2%–11.9%) men recommended for biopsy (P = 0.40). For GG ≥ 2 detection, PIRADSv2 and Likert detected 22% (95% CI 11.4%–30.8%, 14/72) and 16% (95% CI 9.5%–25.3%, 15/94), respectively (P = 0.56). For GG1 cancers detection these were 11% (95% CI 4.3%–19.6%, seven of 72) vs 11% (95% CI 4.7%–17.8%, nine of 94; P = 1.00). The accuracy of PI‐RADSv2 and Likert scale was similar (area under the ROC curve 0.64 vs 0.65, P = 0.95).ConclusionsIn reporting non‐contrast‐enhanced Prostagram MRI in a screening population, the PI‐RADSv2 and Likert scoring systems were equally accurate; however, Likert scale use led to more men undergoing biopsy without a subsequent increase in significant cancer detection rates. To improve reporting of Prostagram MRI, either the PI‐RADSv2 or a modified Likert scale or a standalone scoring system should be developed.