bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of wheat crop height and canopy coverage on microsprinkling hose irrigation uniformity
Authors: Wang Wenjuan , Wang Wene , Wei Rong , Ling Gang , Li Hong , Hu Xiaotao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCrop shading affects irrigation uniformity and water distribution under microsprinkling hose irrigation (MHI). This study aims to ascertain how MHI distributes irrigation water under crop shading. Various crop heights and canopy coverages of wheat specimens were designed. The experiment was conducted under four working pressures (20, 24, 28 and 32 kPa). The irrigation water distribution of the MHI under crop shading was analysed under various crop heights and canopy coverages. The results showed that (1) the irrigation uniformity of MHI could reach approximately 50% while the planting row spacing of wheat was appropriate. Crop shading had little effect on irrigation performance. (2) During the jointing period, when the wheat height reached 0.4 m, intensive stems reduced the irrigation uniformity and spraying range of MHI. (3) The wheat height could reach 0.6–0.7 m in the maturing period. The uniformity was 25%–50%, which was far lower than the effect of irrigation during the jointing period. To obtain great irrigation performance and acceptable crop yield, it is important to select the proper pressure under the various crop heights and canopy coverages of wheat under MHI.
Bayesian optimization of hyperparameters from noisy marginal likelihood estimates
Authors: Gustafsson Oskar , Villani Mattias , Stockhammar Pär 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBayesian models often involve a small set of hyperparameters determined by maximizing the marginal likelihood. Bayesian optimization is an iterative method where a Gaussian process posterior of the underlying function is sequentially updated by new function evaluations. We propose a novel Bayesian optimization framework for situations where the user controls the computational effort and therefore the precision of the function evaluations. This is a common situation in econometrics where the marginal likelihood is often computed by Markov chain Monte Carlo or importance sampling methods. The new acquisition strategy gives the optimizer the option to explore the function with cheap noisy evaluations and therefore find the optimum faster. The method is applied to estimating the prior hyperparameters in two popular models on US macroeconomic time series data: the steady‐state Bayesian vector autoregressive (BVAR) and the time‐varying parameter BVAR with stochastic volatility.
Craniosynostosis in Patients With X‐Linked Hypophosphatemia: A Review
Authors: Munns Craig F , Maguire Edward P , Williams Angela , Wood Sue , Biggin Andrew 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTCraniosynostosis is a rare condition of skull development, manifesting during fetal and early infant development, and is usually congenital. Craniosynostosis secondary to metabolic disorders, such as X‐linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), is less common and is typically diagnosed later than congenital craniosynostosis. XLH is a rare, progressive, and lifelong hereditary phosphate‐wasting disorder characterized by loss of function of the phosphate‐regulating endopeptidase homologue, X‐linked gene, which is associated with premature fusion of cranial sutures due to abnormal phosphate metabolism (hypophosphatemia) and altered bone mineralization or elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23. This targeted literature review of 38 articles seeks to provide an overview of craniosynostosis in individuals with XLH. The objectives of this review are to increase awareness of the prevalence, presentation, and diagnosis of craniosynostosis in XLH; examine the spectrum of craniosynostosis severity in XLH; discuss the management of craniosynostosis in those with XLH; recognize the complications for patients with XLH; and identify what is known about the burden of craniosynostosis for individuals with XLH. The presentation of craniosynostosis in individuals with XLH tends to manifest slightly later than congenital craniosynostosis and can vary in severity and appearance, making diagnosis difficult and resulting in inconsistent clinical outcomes. Consequently, craniosynostosis in patients with XLH is an underreported and potentially underrecognized condition. There have been no studies investigating the effects of craniosynostosis on the quality of life of people with XLH. Despite a growing awareness among researchers and experienced clinicians, there are still improvements to be made in general awareness and timely diagnosis of craniosynostosis in XLH. The XLH community would benefit from further study into the prevalence of craniosynostosis, the effect of XLH medical therapy on the development of craniosynostosis, and the effects of craniosynostosis on quality of life. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate diabetes‐induced muscle atrophy through exosomes by enhancing AMPK/ULK1‐mediated autophagy
Authors: Song Jia , Liu Jidong , Cui Chen , Hu Huiqing , Zang Nan , Yang Mengmeng , Yang Jingwen , Zou Ying , Li Jinquan , Wang Lingshu , He Qin , Guo Xinghong , Zhao Ruxing , Yan Fei , Liu Fuqiang , Hou Xinguo , Sun Zheng , Chen Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes and obesity are associated with muscle atrophy that reduces life quality and lacks effective treatment. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)‐based therapy can ameliorate high fat‐diet (HFD) and immobilization (IM)‐induced muscle atrophy in mice. However, the effect of MSCs on muscle atrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the potential mechanism is unclear. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and explored molecular mechanisms of human umbilical cord MSCs (hucMSCs) and hucMSC‐derived exosomes (MSC‐EXO) on diabetes‐ and obesity‐induced muscle atrophy.MethodsDiabetic db/db mice, mice fed with high‐fat diet (HFD), mice with hindlimb immobilization (IM), and C2C12 myotubes were used to explore the effect of hucMSCs or MSC‐EXO in alleviating muscle atrophy. Grip strength test and treadmill running were used to measure skeletal muscle strength and performance. Body composition, muscle weight, and muscle fibre cross‐sectional area (CSA) was used to evaluate muscle mass. RNA‐seq analysis of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle and Western blot analysis of muscle atrophy signalling, including MuRF1 and Atrogin 1, were performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms.ResultshucMSCs increased grip strength (P = 0.0256 in db/db mice, P = 0.012 in HFD mice, P = 0.0097 in IM mice), running endurance (P = 0.0154 in HFD mice, P = 0.0006 in IM mice), and muscle mass (P = 0.0004 in db/db mice, P = 0.0076 in HFD mice, P = 0.0144 in IM mice) in all models tested, with elevated CSA of muscle fibres (P < 0.0001 in db/db mice and HFD mice, P = 0.0088 in IM mice) and reduced Atrogin1 (P = 0.0459 in db/db mice, P = 0.0088 in HFD mice, P = 0.0016 in IM mice) and MuRF1 expression (P = 0.0004 in db/db mice, P = 0.0077 in HFD mice, P = 0.0451 in IM mice). MSC‐EXO replicated all these hucMSC‐mediated changes (P = 0.0103 for grip strength, P = 0.013 for muscle mass, P < 0.0001 for CSA of muscle fibres, P = 0.0171 for Atrogin1 expression, and P = 0.006 for MuRF1 expression). RNA‐seq revealed that hucMSCs activated the AMPK/ULK1 signalling and enhanced autophagy. Knockdown of AMPK or inhibition of autophagy with 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) diminished the beneficial anti‐atrophy effects of hucMSCs or MSC‐EXO.ConclusionsOur results suggest that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells mitigate diabetes‐ and obesity‐induced muscle atrophy via enhancing AMPK/ULK1‐mediated autophagy through exosomes, with implications of applying hucMSCs or hucMSC‐derived exosomes to treat muscle atrophy.
Intraoperative ultrasound is valuable for detecting intracranial hematoma progression and decreasing mortality in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sam Sing Soon , Lin Heng‐Fu , Tsai Yi‐Hsin , Li Chen‐Hao , Lin Che‐Kuang , Chang Wen‐Jui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to explore the clinical benefit of intraoperative ultrasound in decompressive craniectomy (DC) for traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsFrom January 1, 2018, through April 30, 2021, 54 patients who developed acute subdural hematoma (SDH) due to blunt injury and underwent DC with or without intraoperative ultrasound assistance were retrospectively included in our study. Logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the therapeutic efficacy in the two groups.ResultsIn the ultrasound group (14 patients, 25.93%), intraoperative ultrasound was used for assisting hematoma removal and/or ventriculostomy during DC. In the control group (40 patients, 74.07%), ultrasound was not used during the operation and ventriculostomy was not performed. No statistically significant differences in age, sex, initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, blood loss, postoperative intracranial pressure (ICP), duration of hyperosmolar therapy, or Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOS‐E) score 6 months after injury were observed. No mortality was recorded in the ultrasound group. The mortality rate in the control group during hospitalization was 25% (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIntraoperative ultrasound is helpful for intracranial hematoma removal and ventriculostomy with cerebrospinal fluid drainage and decreases mortality in experienced hands. The reason for higher mortality rate in the control group might result from poor hematoma clearance rate and poor postoperative intracranial pressure control. It is a useful tool for diagnosing and assisting with treatment in cases of TBI.
Faeces‐derived extracellular vesicles participate in the onset of barrier dysfunction leading to liver diseases
Authors: Fizanne Lionel , Villard Alexandre , Benabbou Nadia , Recoquillon Sylvain , Soleti Raffaella , Delage Erwan , Wertheimer Mireille , Vidal‐Gómez Xavier , Oullier Thibauld , Chaffron Samuel , Martínez M. Carmen , Neunlist Michel , Boursier Jérôme , Andriantsitohaina Ramaroson 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from faeces (fEVs) and small circulating EVs (cEVs) in liver diseases such as non‐alcoholic fatty diseases (NAFLD) and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has not been demonstrated. fEVs and cEVs of healthy donors, NAFLD and NASH patients were isolated and characterized. The effects of EVs were evaluated in intestinal, endothelial, Kupffer and stellate cells. Non‐muscular myosin light chain kinase (nmMLCK) deficient mice were used in vivo. Bacterial origins of fEVs were analysed by 16s rDNA gene sequencing. fEVs and small cEVs were composed of prokaryotic and eukaryotic origins. Only NASH‐fEVs exerted deleterious effects. NASH‐fEVs increased intestinal permeability and reduced expression of tight junction proteins that were prevented by nmMLCK inhibition, increased endothelial cell permeability and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines requiring TLR4/lipopolysaccharide pathway. NASH‐fEVs and NASH‐cEVs activated profibrotic and proinflammatory proteins of hepatic stellate cells. Treatment with NASH‐fEVs evoked an increase in intestinal permeability in wild type but not in nmMLCK deficient mice. Bacterial origins of fEVs were different between NAFLD and NASH patients and 16 amplicon sequence variants were differentially abundant. We demonstrate that fEVs actively participate in barrier dysfunctions leading to liver injuries underscoring the role of nmMLCK and lipopolysaccharide carried by fEVs.
Volume‐ and quality‐controlled certification system promotes centralization of complex hepato‐pancreatic‐biliary surgery
Authors: Mise Yoshihiro , Hirakawa Shinya , Tachimori Hisateru , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Kitagawa Yuko , Komatsu Shohei , Nanashima Atsushi , Nakamura Masafumi , Endo Itaru , Saiura Akio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCentralization of complex surgeries has made little progress when it only considers the minimum number of surgical procedures. We aim to assess the impact of certification system of Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery (JSHBPS) on centralization and surgical quality of advanced hepato‐pancreatic‐biliary (HPB) surgery.MethodsThe National Clinical Database was used to review 20 111 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and 9666 who underwent advanced hepatectomy defined as hepatectomy of more than one section during 2019 and 2020. JSHPBS certifies hospitals based on the annual number of advanced HPB surgeries and the surgical quality. Minimum numbers of surgeries for board‐certified A and B institutions are 50 and 30, respectively. Short‐term outcomes were compared among institutions.ResultsIn 2020, 69.4% (7007/10090) and 72.9% (3433/4710) of patients underwent PD and advanced hepatectomy at board‐certified institutions. In‐hospital mortality rates after PD was 0.9% at certified A institutions, 1.4% at B institutions, and 2.7% at non‐certified institutions (p < .001). The odds ratio (OR) of risk‐adjusted mortality after PD compared with non‐certified institutions was 0.39 (confidence interval [CI]: 0.30–0.50, p < .001) at certified A institutions, and 0.54 at certified B institutions (CI: 0.40–0.73, p < .001). In‐hospital mortality rates after advanced hepatectomy was 1.7% at certified A institutions, 2.3% at B institutions, and 3.2% at non‐certified institutions (p < .001). The OR of risk‐adjusted mortality after advanced hepatectomy compared with non‐certified institutions was 0.57 at certified A institutions (CI: 0.41–0.78, p < .001).ConclusionThe volume‐ and quality‐controlled certification system of JSHBPS reduces surgical mortality after advanced HPB surgeries.
Missing catalysts of female entrepreneurship success: Evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Hossain Md. Shahadat , Islam Md Asadul , Hosen Mosharrof , Mohd. Thas Thaker Hassanudin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is no denying that female entrepreneurship success has been making a significant impact on the world. Females now own businesses at a rate that surpasses males, and they are also leading the way in many industries. At the same time, extant literature indicates that female entrepreneurship success is low compared to male counterparts. Concerning enriching the literature, this study aimed to explore the missing catalysts of female entrepreneurship success in a developing country perspective, Bangladesh. Using a purposive sampling strategy, the researchers used semi‐structured interviews to collect data from 14 participants, including female entrepreneurs and professors of entrepreneurs. Collected data were thematically analyzed. The study's findings are concurrent with the previous literature, while it also provides some new insights relating to the catalysts for business success among female entrepreneurs. The study has found that networking, digital leadership, institutional supports, childcare centers, healthcare systems, and secure transportation are the missing catalysts for female entrepreneurship success in Bangladesh. The study concludes with implications for females’ entrepreneurial journey with regards to theory, practice, and future directions.
Bacterial surface roughness regulates nanoparticle scavenging in seawater
Authors: Yamada Yosuke , Patel Nirav , Fukuda Hideki , Nagata Toshi , Mitarai Satoshi , Azam Farooq 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic nanoparticles are abundant in marine environments and constitute important nutrient sources for bacteria. Bacteria have evolved cell surfaces over 3.8 billion years to efficiently utilize food particles, and they contribute to material cycling in the world's oceans. Nanoscale roughness of bacterial cell surfaces reflects outer membrane structures and extracellular polymers that potentially affect cell–particle interactions. However, the variability of surface roughness of marine bacteria has been little studied and its involvement in nanoparticle attachment to bacteria is essentially unknown. Here, for the first time, we show the surface roughness of marine bacteria, evaluated as the root mean square deviation of height (Rq), determined by atomic force microscopy of over 1000 cells of coastal and offshore bacteria in the upper ocean. The Rq varied about 10‐fold among cells (range: 1.0–13.7 nm) and decreased with increasing seawater temperature, implying that bacteria–nanoparticle interactions differ among oceanographic areas. Microcosm experiments using two Gammaproteobacteria (isolated from coastal waters) and modeled with nanoparticle (polystyrene beads and viruses) show that the Rq is a strong predictor of nanoparticle attachment to marine bacteria, that is, bacterial nanoparticle scavenging increases with Rq. This relationship can be explained by steeper peaks/valleys and larger surface area of rougher cells. Measurement of nanoscale surface topography of marine bacteria provides novel insights into bacterial strategies for resource utilization and their contribution to marine biogeochemical cycles.
Hydrogel‐Scalable Nanoslide for Switchable Optical Spatial‐Frequency Processing
Authors: Dai Chenjie , Li Zhe , Shi Yangyang , Wan Shuai , Hu Wanlin , Li Zhongyang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpatial frequency processing is an essential technology for extracting morphological information from an optical image. Although various Fourier‐based flat optical elements have been proposed as spatial‐frequency filters to realize image processing, their transfer functions are statically fixed once fabricated, thus limiting the versatile, dynamic functionalities and practical applications. Here, a novel practical tuning strategy is demonstrated to realize switchable spatial‐frequency processing for edge‐enhanced and bright‐field imaging by employing a tunable hydrogel‐scalable nanoslide. By utilizing multilayered metallic and hydrogel stacks construction, the nanoslide directly manipulates the optical spatial frequency in the wavevector domain and exhibits opposite image processing at different wavelength channels due to the cavity‐induced wavelength‐sensitivity. More intriguingly, via controlling the ambient humidity, the angular‐dependent optical response of the nanoslide can be effectively tuned for dynamic edge‐enhanced imaging due to the hydrogel's inflation from moisture. In addition, the nanoslide is readily fabricated at a large scale and integrated into compact imaging systems, such as a biomicroscope. With the advantages of a high numerical aperture ≈0.8, polarization‐insensitive, microscopy‐compatible, and facile architecture, the proposed hydrogel‐based nanoslide can find potential applications in machine vision, real‐time image processing, biological imaging, and analog computing.
Nonlinear Conformal Transformation for In Situ IR‐Visible Detection of Orbital Angular Momentum
Authors: Liu Yuan , Chen Wei , Ming Yang , Zhang Wang , Tang Jie , Yuan Rui , Hu Wei , Lu Yan‐Qing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLinear conformal transformation provides an effective way to detect orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photons, and particularly, their coherent superposition states that are significant for OAM‐based technologies. However, these methods have limited applicability—they are applied to single or few separated wavelengths and cannot achieve nondestructive detection—although those features are attractive for practical applications. Here, the second‐harmonic spiral transformation is theoretically described and experimentally demonstrated through IR‐visible detection of OAM states from 900 to 1400 nm, with a low energy loss of ≈10−6. Remarkably, a record high optical finesse of ≈5.52 is predicted and observed, indicating that a nonlinear enhancement factor resulting from OAM conservation significantly improves separation efficiency. Additionally, this scheme allows flexibility to achieve lower energy losses or higher sensitivity by adjusting phase‐matching conditions. These results can be applicable to classical and quantum areas and promote conformal transformation into nonlinear regions.
Spin Hall Effect of Nonlinear Photons
Authors: Chen Huifeng , Liu Guanyu , Zhang Shuang , Zhong Yongchun , Yu Jianhui , Chen Zhe , Zhu Wenguo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhotonic spin Hall effect (SHE) refers to the transverse separation of spin photons in refraction and reflection phenomena. The photonic SHE has been investigated in various optical systems including air–glass interfaces, interfaces containing 2D materials, random media, etc. Here, the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) in nonlinear uniaxial crystals is investigated, and the SHE of second‐harmonic photons is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. The generation and evolution processes of nonlinear spin photons within the crystal are visualized by the derived four wave coupling equations and wavevector‐varying Berry phases. For a focused fundamental beam, two cascaded SOCs occurring in the fundamental and second‐harmonic fields are connected by the nonlinear wave mixing near the focal position. Thus the SHE of nonlinear photons depends on the focal position, different strongly from linear photons whose SHE is independent of the focal position. Similar to the focal‐position‐dependent SHE, the focal‐position‐dependent optical vortex generations are also demonstrated for the nonlinear fields. Finally, a high‐speed modulation scheme for the SHE is proposed based on an electro‐optical polarization controller, which routes nonlinear spin photons into different destinations. These findings deepen the understanding of spin–orbit coupling in nonlinear systems and facilitate the development of spin multiplexed electrooptic devices.
Kinetic stability diagram for copper in borate buffer solution
Authors: Mao Feixiong , Zhou Yuting , Dong Chaofang , Macdonald Digby D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe passivity of pure copper over a wide pH range has been explored using potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization, Mott–Schottky analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The study shows that the passive film is a p‐type semiconductor. The natural logarithm of the passive current density is found to linearly increase with the film formation potential. The passive state of copper is interpreted by optimizing the point defect model (PDM) on the EIS data. Kinetic stability diagrams are derived for pure copper in borate buffer based on the rate law for passive film growth in accordance with the PDM.
2‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone [Lawsone] integrated rare‐earth hybrid materials as biocompatible UV/IR filter agents
Authors: Narayanan Sheemol V. , Kumar Muthusundar , Gnanaraj Valan R. , Rajan Sruthi C. , Selvaraj Viji , Ananthakumar Solaiappan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUV filter agents are essential ingredients in cosmetics and fabrics for rendering the property of protection from harmful UV radiation. The focus of this research was on the development of biocompatible hybrid UV/IR filter agents through sol–gel processing of nano‐sized lanthanum titanate, zirconate, and phosphate‐based rare‐earth materials. 2‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (Lawsone) is an ideal candidate, owing to its biocompatibility, for treating the sol of the rare‐earth systems to produce inorganic‐organic hybrids with classical orange shades. The rare‐earth hybrids were characterized by X‐Ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, UV‐Vis, photo‐luminescence, and Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The results of characterization indicated that the hybrids offer >90% of NIR reflectance in the wavelength region from 700 to 1100 nm. They also exhibited excellent shielding in UV‐A and UV‐B regions, thus qualifying them as cool colors with useful optical as well as heat management characteristics. The sun protection factor calculated by optical density measurements showed that the synthesized hybrids have potential applications as UV filter agents in sunscreen lotions. The cell viability analyzed by the MTT (4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)−2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay affirmed the biocompatibility of the hybrids as none of the systems was found cytotoxic. This study was devoted to exploring the beneficial properties of rare‐earth‐based hybrid systems in pharmacological applications.