bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parathyroid hormone receptor-1 signaling aggravates hepatic fibrosis through upregulating cAMP response element-binding protein-like 2
Authors: Hong Ting , Xiong Xuelian , Chen Yaqiong , Wang Qiuyu , Fu Xiao , Meng Qingnan , Lu Yan , Li Xiaoying 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:
Parathyroid hormone receptor-1 (PTH1R) is a class B G protein–coupled receptor central to skeletal development, bone turnover, and calcium homeostasis. However, the role of PTH1R signaling in liver fibrosis is largely unknown. Here, the role of PTH1R signaling in the activation of HSCs and hepatic fibrosis was examined.

Approach and Results:
PTH1R was highly expressed in activated HSCs and fibrotic liver by using human liver specimens or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated or methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD)-fed C57/BL6 mice. The mRNA level of hepatic PTH1R was positively correlated to α-smooth muscle actin in patients with liver cirrhosis. Mice with HSCs-specific PTH1R deletion were protected from CCl4, MCD, or western diet, plus low-dose CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Conversely, parathyroid hormone (PTH) aggravated liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice. Mouse primary HSCs and LX2 cell lines were used for in vitro experiments. Molecular analyses by luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in combination with mRNA sequencing in HSCs revealed that cAMP response element-binding protein-like 2 (Crebl2), a novel regulator in HSCs treated by PTH that interacted with mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (SMAD3) and increased the transcription of TGFβ in activating HSCs and collagen deposition. In agreement, HSCs-specific Crebl2 deletion ameliorated PTH-induced liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice.

Conclusions:
In both mouse and human models, we found that PTH1R was highly expressed in activated HSCs and fibrotic liver. PTH1R signaling regulated collagen production in the HSCs through Crebl2/SMAD3/TGFβ regulatory circuits. Blockade of PTH1R signaling in HSCs might help mitigate the development of liver fibrosis.
Efficacy of segmented axial length and artificial intelligence approaches to intraocular lens power calculation in short eyes
Authors: Kenny Peter I. , Kozhaya Karim , Truong Paulina , Weikert Mitchell P. , Wang Li , Hill Warren E. , Koch Douglas D. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:In short eyes, to compare the predictive accuracy of newer intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas using traditional and segmented axial length (AL) measurements.Setting:Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas and East Valley Ophthalmology, Mesa, Arizona.Design:Multi-center retrospective case series.Methods:Measurements from an optical biometer were collected in eyes with AL <22 mm. IOL power calculations were performed with 15 formulas using 2 AL values: (1) machine-reported traditional AL (Td-AL) and (2) segmented AL calculated with the Cooke-modified AL nomogram (CMAL). 1 AL method and 7 formulas were selected for pairwise analysis of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square absolute error (RMSAE).Results:The study comprised 278 eyes. Compared with the Td-AL, the CMAL produced hyperopic shifts without differences in RMSAE. The ZEISS AI IOL Calculator (ZEISS AI), K6, Kane, Hill-RBF, Pearl-DGS, EVO, and Barrett Universal II (Barrett) formulas with Td-AL were compared pairwise. The ZEISS AI demonstrated smaller MAE and RMSAE than the Barrett, Pearl-DGS, and Kane. K6 had a smaller RMSAE than the Barrett formula. In 73 eyes with shallow anterior chamber depth, the ZEISS AI and Kane had a smaller RMSAE than the Barrett.Conclusions:ZEISS AI outperformed Barrett, Pearl-DGS, and Kane. The K6 formula outperformed some formulas in selected parameters. Across all formulas, use of a segmented AL did not improve refractive predictions.
Urinary Bladder Cancer in Bladder Exstrophy and Epispadias Complex: A Swedish Register Study and a Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Arkani Samara , Skarin Nordenvall Anna , Renström Koskela Lotta , Reinfeldt Engberg Gisela , Nordgren Ann , Nordenskjöld Agneta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The congenital malformation bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex involves multiple organs and includes 3 subtypes: epispadias, classic bladder exstrophy, and cloacal exstrophy. The risk of urinary bladder cancer is known to be higher in individuals with classic bladder exstrophy and appears at a younger age compared with the general population.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate urinary bladder cancer in individuals with bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex.

Materials and Methods:
We performed 2 studies, a Swedish register-based case series reporting 12 novel cases and a systematic review summarizing published cases thus far. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched in January 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. Publications reporting at least 1 case of bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex with urinary bladder cancer were eligible. Ninety-seven publications were included, reporting 165 cases.

Results:
The main result from the register study was the tumors being predominantly urothelial. Conversely, earlier published cases from the literature had a nonurothelial tumor type in 95%, whereof the majority were adenocarcinomas. Both substudies consistently indicate a young age at cancer diagnosis, with the majority being younger than 65 years.

Conclusions:
Urinary bladder cancer affects individuals with bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex at a young age. The most common tumor type in the register study is urothelial. The divergence between the 2 substudies in tumor types could reflect a slightly older age in our case series, likewise a possible publication bias.
Characteristics of Mpox Vaccine Recipients Among a Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men With Presumed Exposure to Mpox
Authors: Abara Winston E. , Sullivan Patrick , Carpino Tom , Sanchez Travis , Atkins Kaitlyn , Delaney Kevin , Edwards O. Winslow , Hannah Marissa , Baral Stefan , Ogale Yasmin , Galloway Eboni , Lansky Amy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mpox vaccination is recommended for persons exposed to or at risk for mpox. Approximately 25% of an online sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) with presumed mpox exposure were vaccinated (≥1 dose). Vaccination was higher among younger MSM, MSM concerned about mpox, or MSM reporting sexual risk behaviors. Incorporating mpox vaccination into routine sexual health care and increasing 2-dose vaccination uptake is essential to preventing mpox acquisition, improving MSM sexual health, and averting future mpox outbreaks.
Sexually Transmitted Infection/Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Pregnancy, and Mental Health-Related Services Provided During Visits With Sexual Assault and Abuse Diagnosis for US Medicaid Beneficiaries, 2019
Authors: Tao Guoyu , Li Jingjing , Johns Michelle , Patel Chirag G. , Workowski Kimberly 
Published: March 2023

Background
Centers for Disease Control recommends that the decision to provide sexually transmitted infection (STI)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and presumptive treatment to patients who report sexual assault and abuse (SAA) be made on an individual basis.

Methods
The 2019 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services national Medicaid data set was used. The SAA visits were identified by International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision Clinical Modification (O9A4 for pregnancy-related sexual abuse, T74.2 for confirmed sexual abuse, and Z04.4 for alleged rape). The initial SAA visit was defined as the patient's first SAA-related visit. Medical services were identified by International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision Clinical Modification codes, Current Procedural Terminology codes, and National Drug Code codes.

Results
Of 55,113 patients at their initial SAA visits, 86.2% were female; 63.4% aged ≥13 years; 59.2% visited emergency department (ED); all STI/HIV tests were provided in ≤20% of visits; presumptive gonorrhea and chlamydia treatment was provided in 9.7% and 3.4% of visits, respectively; pregnancy test was provided in 15.7% of visits and contraception services was provided in 9.4% of visits; and diagnosed anxiety was provided in 6.4% of visits. Patients who visited ED were less likely to have STI testing and anxiety than those visited non-ED facilities, but more likely to receive presumptive treatment for gonorrhea, testing for pregnancy, and contraceptive services. About 14.2% of patients had follow-up SAA visits within 60 days after the initial SAA visit. Of 7821 patients with the follow-up SAA visits within 60 days, most medical services provided were chlamydia testing (13.8%), gonorrhea testing (13.5%), syphilis testing (12.8%), HIV testing (14.0%); diagnosed anxiety (15.0%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (9.8%).

Conclusions
Current medical services during SAA visits for Medicaid patients are described in this evaluation. More collaboration with staff who handle SAA will improve SAA-related medical services.
Factors associated with survival in patients with lymphoma and HIV
Authors: Vargas Juliano Cordova , Marques Mariana de Oliveira , Pereira Juliana , Braga Walter M. Tobias , Hamerschlak Nelson , Tabacof Jacques , Ferreira Paulo Roberto Abrão , Colleoni Gisele W. Braga , Baiocchi Otavio C.G. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To analyze the factors associated with survival in the largest cohort of individuals with HIV and lymphoma so far described in Brazil.

Design:
A retrospective, observational, multicenter study involving five institutions in São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods:
The medical records of consecutive patients with HIV diagnosed with lymphoma between January 2000 and December 2019 were screened. Inclusion criteria consisted of age over 17 years and a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma. The data collected included age, sex, staging (Ann Arbor system), duration of HIV infection, CD4+ lymphocyte count, HIV viral load, lactate dehydrogenase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum beta-2-microglobulin levels, treatment and outcome.

Results:
Overall, 276 patients were included. Median age was 42 years. Most patients were male (74.3%) and with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 (28.6% and 46.4%, respectively). Most had non-Hodgkin lymphomas (89.2%, n = 246), particularly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (40.9%) and Burkitt lymphoma (26.4%). Hodgkin lymphoma accounted for 9.4%. Advanced stages III/IV were predominant (86.8%). HIV viral load at the moment of lymphoma diagnosis was detectable in 52.9% of patients. A CD4+ cell count of <200 cells/μl was recorded for 53% of the patients. Most patients (62.4%) were on combination antiretroviral therapy. The factors that significantly affected survival were: the ECOG performance status, lymphoma subtype, staging, beta-2-microglobulin level, central nervous system (CNS) infiltration, site of CNS infiltration, relapsed/refractory lymphoma and International Prognostic Index score.

Conclusions:
HIV status, CD4+-lymphocyte count and relapsed/refractory disease affected survival. Rituximab did not appear to improve outcome in HIV-related lymphomas.
Prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays in infants with perinatal HIV infection in comparison with HIV exposure in rural South Africa
Authors: Rodriguez Violeta J. , Alfonso Demy , VanLandingham Hannah , Kozlova Sofia , Resch Zachary J. , Soble Jason R. , Jones Deborah L. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Assessing neurodevelopmental functioning in early infancy is essential as this is a critical period for infant development. Infants born to mothers with HIV are at a greater risk of developmental delays than those born to mothers without HIV. In this study, we analyzed differences in early neurodevelopmental functioning for infants with HIV exposure versus HIV infection to inform infant screening and early intervention.

Methods:
Participants were recruited from community health centers in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Prenatally, mothers completed baseline demographic assessment at 8 to 24-week gestation periods. Infant neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) 12 months postnatally. Five areas of development were assessed: cognition, receptive communication, expressive communication, fine motor ability, and gross motor ability.

Findings:
Postnatal infant assessment using the BINS revealed that infants were at risk for neurodevelopmental delays across all domains assessed. Notably, infants exposed to HIV, regardless of HIV status, were ‘at emerging risk’ or ‘at clear risk’ for cognitive (43.5%), receptive communication (38.2%), expressive communication (53.1%), fine motor (49.9%), and gross motor delays (55.6%). Differences were noted by HIV status in the cognition domain, such that HIV-exposed infants were more likely to be at emerging or clear risk than HIV-infected infants. There was a different trend with gross motor delays, such that HIV-infected infants were at a greater risk for motor delays than HIV-exposed, uninfected infants.

Conclusion:
Screening tools for this vulnerable population provide valuable early life assessment to determine infant needs for intervention and treatment planning. Such interventions may mitigate the impact of HIV status on neurodevelopmental health generally and cognition.
Modeling Family Medicine Provider Care Team Design to Improve Patient Care Continuity
Authors: Huang Yu-Li , Berg Bjorn P. , Lampman Michelle A. , Rushlow David R. 
Published: March 2023

Background and Objectives:Continuity of care is an integral aspect of high-quality patient care in primary care settings. In the Department of Family Medicine at Mayo Clinic, providers have multiple responsibilities in addition to clinical duties or panel management time (PMT). These competing time demands limit providers' clinical availability. One way to mitigate the impact on patient access and care continuity is to create provider care teams to collectively share the responsibility of meeting patients' needs.Methods:This study presents a descriptive characterization of patient care continuity based on provider types and PMT. Care continuity was measured by the percentage of patientappointmentsseen by a provider in theirowncareteam (ASOCT) with the aim of reducing the variability of provider care team continuity. The prediction method is iteratively developed to illustrate the importance of the individual independent components. An optimization model is then used to determine optimal provider mix in a team.Results:The ASOCT percentage in current practice among care teams ranges from 46% to 68% and the per team number of MDs varies from 1 to 5 while the number of nurse practitioners and physician assistants (NP/PAs) ranges from 0 to 6. The proposed methods result in the optimal provider assignment, which has an ASOCT percentage consistently at 62% for all care teams and 3 or 4 physicians (MDs) and NP/PAs in each care team.Conclusions:The predictive model combined with assignment optimization generates a more consistent ASOCT percentage, provider mix, and provider count for each care team.
PROPHYLACTIC nCMT-3 ATTENUATES SEPSIS-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ASSOCIATION WITH NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME ACTIVATION AND APOPTOSIS
Authors: Ma Julia , Wang Xiaojing , Gu Raymond , Guo Dandan , Shi Changying , Kollisch-Singule Michaela , Suo Liye , Luo Juntao , Meng Qinghe , Cooney Robert N. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background: The kidney is the most common extrapulmonary organ injured in sepsis. The current study examines the ability of aerosolized nanochemically modified tetracycline 3 (nCMT-3), a pleiotropic anti-inflammatory agent, to attenuate acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by intratracheal LPS. Methods: C57BL/6 mice received aerosolized intratracheal nCMT-3 (1 mg/kg) or saline, followed by intratracheal LPS (2.5 mg/kg) to induce acute lung injury–induced AKI. Tissues were harvested at 24 h. The effects of nCMT-3 and LPS on AKI were assessed by plasma/tissue levels of serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule 1, and renal histology. Renal matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) level/activity, cytochrome C, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, NLRP3, and caspase-1 were also measured. Apoptotic cells in kidney were determined by TUNEL assay. Renal levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were measured to assess inflammation. Results: Acute lung injury–induced AKI was characterized by increased plasma blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, injury biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule 1), and histologic evidence of renal injury. Lipopolysaccharide-treated mice demonstrated renal injury with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6), active MMP-2 and MMP-9, proapoptotic proteins (cytochrome C, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cleaved caspase-3), apoptotic cells, inflammasome activation (NLRP3, caspase-1), and p38 signaling. Intratracheal nCMT-3 significantly attenuated all the measured markers of renal injury, inflammation, and apoptosis. Conclusions: Pretreatment with aerosolized nCMT-3 attenuates LPS-induced AKI by inhibiting renal NLRP3 inflammasome activation, renal inflammation, and apoptosis.
Tight Fit of the SIR Dynamic Epidemic Model to Daily Cases of COVID-19 Reported During the 2021-2022 Omicron Surge in New York City: A Novel Approach
Authors: Harris Jeffrey E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe describe a novel approach to recovering the underlying parameters of the SIR dynamic epidemic model from observed data on case incidence. We formulate a discrete-time approximation to the original continuous-time model and search for the parameter vector that minimizes the standard least squares criterion function. We show that the gradient vector and matrix of second-order derivatives of the criterion function with respect to the parameters adhere to their own systems of difference equations and thus can be exactly calculated iteratively. Applying our new approach, we estimated a four-parameter SIR model from data on daily reported cases of COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron/BA.1 surge of December 2021 - March 2022 in New York City. The estimated SIR model showed a tight fit to the observed data, but less so when we excluded residual cases attributable to the Delta variant during the initial upswing of the wave in December. Our analyses of both the real-world COVID-19 data and simulated case incidence data revealed an important problem of weak parameter identification. While our methods permitted separate estimation of the infection transmission parameter and the infection persistence parameter, only a linear combination of these two key parameters could be estimated with precision. The SIR model appears to be an adequate reduced-form description of the Omicron surge, but it is not necessarily the correct structural model. Prior information above and beyond case incidence data may be required to sharply identify the parameters and thus distinguish between alternative epidemic models.
Correlation of Sensory perception at different body parts with BMI using Two Point Discrimination
Authors: Desai Dev Himanshubhai , Dave Prahasth , Mahajan Neeraj , Verma Anita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTwo-point discrimination (2PD) is the ability to discern that two nearby objects touching the skin are truly two distinct points, not one. It is often tested with two sharp points during a neurological examination and is assumed to reflect how finely innervated an area of skin is. objective was to find out the normal value of Two Point Discrimination on the Back, Finger, Forehead & Sole and to Correlate values of Two Point Discrimination on Back, Finger, Forehead & Sole with corresponding BMI according to Gender.MethodsTwo point discrimination test is a part of practical course of Physiology Department of the teaching institute. Here, the students perform the practical under strict supervision of professors, the data of the students’ practical is recorded for department’s personal use.This data was collected with the permission from the head of the department and then analyzed to see the normal values of two-point discrimination and also to assess the correlation between Gender, BMI, & Two-point Discrimination(TPD). Pearson Correlation, T-test, SEM, CI95, Scatter diagrams were used to analyze and understand the data.ResultsValues of Two-Point-Discrimination(TPD) Average(in mm), SD, and Pearson Correlation(with BMI) at Back (Males=32.19 ± 4.94,r=0.808 & Females=29.38 ±5.29,r=0.848), Fingertips (Males=3.43 ± 1.52,r=0.0344 & Females=3.47 ± 1.52,r=0.0141), Forehead (Males=13.53 ± 2.36,r=0.0223 & Females=12.25 ± 2.61,r=0.198), Sole (Males=14.69 ± 3.54,r=0.00493 & Females=13.87 ± 3.36, r=0.0234)ConclusionThe results depict the normal values of Two-point discrimination at the respective location. The normal values at a particular location in Males and Females are almost the same Strong Correlation of TPD value at Back with BMI can be justified as fat Accumulation increases in Skin with increasing BMI.Fat mainly accumulates on the abdomen, thighs, and back and neck but not on Forehead, Fingertips & soles.Fat accumulation hypothetically leads to increase skin surface leading to virtually variable per area relative decreased skin innervation resulting in higher TPD values and Strong Positive Correlation.TPD values at Forehead, Fingertips & soles do not correlate with BMI.
The Zero-Corrected, Gravity-Model Estimator (ZERO-G): A novel method to create high-quality, continuous incidence estimates at the community-scale from passive surveillance data
Authors: Evans Michelle V , Ihantamalala Felana A , Randriamihaja Mauricianot , Aina Andritiana Tsirinomen’ny , Bonds Matthew H , Finnegan Karen E , Rakotonanahary Rado JL , Raza-Fanomezanjanahary Mbolatiana , Razafinjato Bénédicte , Raobela Oméga , Raholiarimanana Sahondraritera Herimamy , Randrianavalona Tiana Harimisa , Garchitorena Andres 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTData on population health are vital to evidence-based decision making but are rarely adequately localized or updated in continuous time. They also suffer from low ascertainment rates, particularly in rural areas where barriers to healthcare can cause infrequent touch points with the health system. Here, we demonstrate a novel statistical method to estimate the incidence of endemic diseases at the community level from passive surveillance data collected at primary health centers. The zero-corrected, gravity-based (ZERO-G) estimator explicitly models sampling intensity as a function of health facility characteristics and statistically accounts for extremely low rates of ascertainment. The result is a standardized, real-time estimate of disease incidence at a spatial resolution nearly ten times finer than typically reported by facility-based passive surveillance systems. We assessed the robustness of this method by applying it to a case study of field-collected malaria incidence rates from a rural health district in southeastern Madagascar. The ZERO-G estimator decreased geographic and financial bias in the dataset by over 90% and doubled the agreement rate between spatial patterns in malaria incidence and incidence estimates derived from prevalence surveys. The ZERO-G estimator is a promising method for adjusting passive surveillance data of common, endemic diseases, increasing the availability of continuously updated, high quality surveillance datasets at the community scale.