bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erb‐(IL10)2 ameliorates radiation‐induced skin injury through eliminate oxygen free radicals
Authors: Xu Jiahe , Zhu Jiaxing , Zhao Qi , Xue Jiao , Qin Songbing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveRadiation‐induced skin injury (RISI) remains a serious concern during radiotherapy. IL‐10 is considered as an immune suppressive cytokine by inhibiting the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines in cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of Erb (IL10) 2 against ionizing radiation.MethodsWe fused Interleukin 10 (IL‐10) dimer onto an anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor antibody Cetuximab (Erbitux) to form a new bispecific protein Erb‐(IL10)2. The protective effect and biological activity of Erb‐(IL10)2 was measured in model of RISI.ResultsUnder the condition of 20 Gy irradiation, surviving cells in the IR group decreased significantly compared with the non‐IR group (p = 0.0021). The survival rates of HaCaT (p = 0.0038) and WS1 (p = 0.0003) cells were significantly increased after IL‐10 treatment. The apoptosis rates of HaCaT (p = 0.0048) and WS1 (p = 0.0074) cells in the IL‐10 group were significantly lower compared to the NC group. Under 20 Gy irradiation conditions, IL‐10 fusion protein reduced the level of reactive oxygen in HaCaT (p = 0.0046) and WS1 (p<0.0001) cells compared to the control group. Relatively normal granular mitochondrial morphology was observed in the IL‐10 group after 20 Gy X‐ray irradiation compared with the NC group. Ater 35 Gy electron radiation, the levels of reactive oxygen species in the skin tissue of C57/B6 mice injected with IL‐10 fusion protein were significantly lower than those in the PBS group (p = 0.001). Compared with the PBS group and the other IL‐10 groups, the group treated with 0.2 mg/kg IL‐10 showed a significant decrease in MDA level (p = 0.0024). Compared with the PBS group, the thickness of the stratum corneum in groups treated with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg IL‐10 decreased, and the skin appendages were well‐preserved. In the group treated with 0.2 mg/kg IL‐10, the skin tissue structure was still relatively intact, and the masson staining area was smaller than that of the PBS group.ConclusionIL‐10 plays a role in inhibiting radioactive fibrosis in radioactive skin injury. IL‐10 has a protective effect on skin cell damage after ionizing radiation irradiation both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, IL‐10 plays a role in inhibiting radioactive fibrosis in radioactive skin injury.
First report of target‐site resistance to ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides in Bromus tectorum L.
Authors: Ribeiro Victor Hugo Vidal , Brunharo Caio ACG , Mallory‐Smith Carol , Walenta Darrin L , Barroso Judit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalent and repeated use of acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)‐inhibiting herbicides for Bromus tectorum L. control in fine fescue (Festuca L. spp) grown for seed has selected ACCase‐resistant B. tectorum populations. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the response of nine B. tectorum populations to the ACCase inhibitors clethodim, sethoxydim, fluazifop‐P‐butyl, and quizalofop‐P‐ethyl and the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor sulfosulfuron and (2) characterize the resistance mechanisms.ResultsBromus tectorum populations were confirmed to be resistant to the ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides tested. The levels of resistance varied among the populations for clethodim (resistance ratio, RR = 5.1–14.5), sethoxydim (RR = 18.7–44.7), fluazifop‐P‐butyl (RR = 3.1–40.3), and quizalofop‐P‐ethyl (RR = 14.5–36). Molecular investigations revealed that the mutations Ile2041Thr and Gly2096Ala were the molecular basis of resistance to the ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides. The Gly2096Ala mutation resulted in cross‐resistance to the aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP) herbicides fluazifop‐P‐butyl and quizalofop‐P‐ethyl, and the cyclohexanedione (CHD) herbicides clethodim, and sethoxydim, whereas Ile2041Thr mutation resulted in resistance only to the two APP herbicides. All B. tectorum populations were susceptible to sulfosulfuron (RR = 0.3–1.7).ConclusionsThis is the first report of target‐site mutations conferring resistance to ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides in B. tectorum. The results of this study suggest multiple evolutionary origins of resistance and contribute to understanding the patterns of cross‐resistance to ACCase inhibitors associated with different mutations in B. tectorum. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
l‐borneol promotes neurovascular unit protection in the subacute phase of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rats: p38‐MAPK pathway activation, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic effect
Authors: Xie Qian , Lu Danni , Yuan Jianmei , Ren Mihong , Li Yong , Wang Jiajun , Ma Rong , Wang Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOur previous study showed l‐borneol reduced cerebral infarction in the acute stage after cerebral ischemia, but there is little about the study of subacute phase. We herein investigated the cerebral protective effects of l‐borneol on neurovascular units (NVU) in the subacute phase after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t‐MCAO). The t‐MCAO model was prepared by the line embolus method. Zea Longa, mNss, HE, and TTC staining were used to evaluate the effect of l‐borneol. We evaluated the mechanisms of l‐borneol on inflammation, p38 MAPK pathway, and apoptosis, etc. through various technologies. l‐borneol 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 g·kg−1 could significantly reduce cerebral infarction rate, alleviate the pathological injury, and inhibit inflammation reaction. l‐borneol could also significantly increase brain blood supply, Nissl bodies, and the expression of GFAP. Additionally, l‐borneol activated the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, inhibited cell apoptosis, and maintained BBB integrity. l‐borneol had a neuroprotective effect, which was related to activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, inhibiting inflammatory response and apoptosis, and improving cerebral blood supply to protect BBB and stabilize and remodel NVU. The study will provide a reference for the use of l‐borneol in the treatment of ischemic stroke in the subacute phase.
Cystic fibrosis modulator therapy can reverse cystic bronchiectasis
Authors: Middleton Peter G. , Simmonds Nicholas J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBronchiectasis is often considered progressive and irreversible, so cases of regression or reversal are an important step in understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Cystic fibrosis, (CF) caused by pathogenic variants in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene has been a success story in personalized medicine. The recent development of CFTR modulator therapies has revolutionized care. Dramatic improvements in lung function, sputum production, daytime functioning, and quality of life are seen within weeks. However, the effect of long‐term exposure to elexacaftor + tezacaftor + ivacaftor (ETI) on the structural abnormalities is at present unknown. This case series outlines three adults with CF who have demonstrated progressive improvement in the cylindrical, varicose and importantly cystic changes of bronchiectasis with prolonged ETI treatment. This raises the exciting question of reversibility of bronchiectasis as well as the mechanisms involved in the maintenance and progression of bronchiectasis as it relates to CF.
MT‐filters‐based event‐triggered adaptive prescribed performance tracking control of multi‐agent systems with unknown direction actuator failure
Authors: Chen Penghao , Luan Xiaoli , Liu Fei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, to ensure better performance and simultaneously save resources, an event‐triggered adaptive prescribed performance cooperative dynamic surface control (DSC) strategy is proposed for a class of nonlinear multi‐agent systems with unmodeled dynamics and unknown direction actuator failure under directed graphs. Firstly, with the help of MT‐filters and linearly parametrized neural networks, the unmeasurable states and nonlinearities are dealt with, respectively. Then, to reduce the impact of unmodeled dynamics on the system, a quantifiable dynamic signal created by an auxiliary first‐order system is utilized. Furthermore, a Nussbaum function and a smooth function are introduced to compensate for negative influence of unknown direction actuator failure on the system. Following that, by using the DSC approach to design the controller, all of the closed‐loop system's signals are proven to be cooperative semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded, all followers achieve the consensus results, and each follower tracking error reaches a specific bound within a finite time. Finally, the applicability of the proposed adaptive control strategy is demonstrated through numerical simulation.
Comparison of bird migration in a radar wind profiler and a dedicated bird radar
Authors: Weisshaupt Nadja , Hervo Maxime , Haest Birgen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVarious types of radar systems are increasingly being used to monitor aerial biodiversity. Each of these types has different detection capabilities and sensitivities to environmental conditions, which affect the quantity and quality of the measured objects of interest. Radar wind profilers have long been known to detect birds, but their use in ornithology has remained limited, largely because of biologists' unfamiliarity with these systems. Although the potential of radar wind profilers for quantitative bird monitoring has been illustrated with time series of raw data, a comparison with a similar radar system more established in biology is missing. Here, we compare nocturnal bird migration patterns observed by a radar wind profiler during October 2019 and April 2021 with those from a dedicated bird radar BirdScan MR1. The systems were located 50 km apart with an altitudinal difference of about 850 m. The nightly migration intensities measured with both systems were highly correlated in both spring and autumn (Pearson correlation coefficient ≈ 0.8, P < 0.001), but estimated traffic measured by the radar wind profiler was on average five times higher in spring and nine times higher in autumn. Low ratios of the migration traffic rates of the Birdscan MR1 to those of the radar wind profiler occurred primarily in clear conditions. In both radar systems, migration occurred at significantly higher altitudes in spring than in autumn. Discrepancies in absolute numbers between both systems are likely due to both system‐inherent and external environmental and topographical factors, but also different quantification approaches. These findings support the capacity of radar wind profilers for aerial biomonitoring, independent of environmental conditions, and open up further avenues for studying the impact of weather on bird migration at detailed temporal and altitudinal scales.
Evaluating public–private partnership role on the sustainability of airports in India
Authors: Chourasia Avin Shekhar , Dalei Narendra N. , Jha Karunakar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA public–private partnership (PPP) upgrades airport services, infrastructures, space, and ground handling systems. The participation of private entities could provide significant sustainability‐related issues since they typically have a profit‐making mindset. Private entities mainly focus on maximising their profits, but public entities are more concerned about attaining social objectives. The differences in their approaches lead to sustainability issues in a PPP airport project. However, studies on the impact of PPP on sustainability are very scarce and limited to other infrastructure sectors like health, education, and so forth. To examine the impact of PPP on Mumbai and Delhi International Airport's sustainability, this study used partial least squares structural equation modelling. The direct impact of private ownership, investment distribution, risk sharing, regulatory intervention, stakeholder engagement, and reputation and credibility on environmental, economic, and social sustainability was examined. The study revealed that PPP improved Mumbai and Delhi's airports' economic sustainability but have a smaller impact on social and environmental sustainability. Existing airports lag in social and environmental sustainability. To achieve social, environmental, and economic sustainability, the government must directly formulate and implement programmes. Regulators regulate JV activities and encourage social and environmental sustainability. Policymakers are likely to benefit most from building a favourable legal framework, commercial viability, and solid economic policies for effective private participation in PPP airports. The study focuses on institutional aspects. It will also help understand the mechanism's impact and how constructions and indicators are managed in PPP airport development.
Port Authority of Cartagena: Evidence of a Sustainability Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Suárez‐Gargallo Carlos , Zaragoza‐Sáez Patrocinio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper provides a deeper understanding to the development and implementation of a Sustainability Balanced Scorecard in the Port Authority of Cartagena, under exploratory research. Open‐access documents available on different websites were used as data sources combined with semi‐structured personal interviews, which took place at the highest level of the organisation from September 2021 to December 2022. The strategy developed by this government unit has changed over the years, until 2018 when a new review, led by the Planning and Management manager, established a turning point in its sustainable strategy with the introduction of the Balanced Scorecard, resulting in a major internal change for the organisation. The creation of the Strategy Planning Office, external advice from strategy‐expertise consultants, IT solutions acquisition adapted to the new scenario, and several internal organisational changes, have been vital in this successful process. The Balanced Scorecard has been shown to be helpful in disseminating the sustainable strategy at all levels of the company: environmental and social actions were confined for years to the Sustainability Department, functioning as isolated actions, but now, they have reached the strategic level involving the whole organisation as part of the company's strategy. This successful process has put this organisation at the forefront of other Spanish ports, providing other port authority managers with a useful framework that can help them in their attempt to implement sustainable strategies by using the Balanced Scorecard—a framework not only valid for ports but which can also be extended to other government units.
Mesoporous Metal Fluoride Nanocomposite Films with Tunable Optical Properties Derived from Precursor Instability
Authors: Kim Dong In , Yim Soonmin , Ji Seulgi , Kim Minsu , Lee Seunghun , Son Minkyun , Song Da Som , Song Wooseok , Chung Taek‐Mo , Lee Sun Sook , An Ki‐Seok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe precisely tailored refractive index of optical materials is the key to utilizing and manipulating light during its propagation through the matrix, thereby improving their application performances. In this paper, mesoporous metal fluoride films with engineered composition (MgF2:LaF3) are demonstrated to achieve finely tunable refractive indices. These films are prepared using a precursor‐derived one‐step assembly approach via the simple mixing of precursor solutions (Mg(CF3OO)2 and La(CF3OO)3); then pores are formed simultaneously during solidification owing to the inherent instability of La(CF3OO)3. The mesoporous structures are realized through Mg(CF3OO)2 and La(CF3OO)3 ions, which interacted with each other based on their electrostatic forces, providing a wide range of refractive indices (from 1.37 to 1.16 at 633 nm). Furthermore, it is systematically several MgF2(1‐x)‐LaF3(x) layers with different compositions (x = 0.0, 0.3, and 0.5) to form the graded refractive index coating that is optically consecutive between the substrate and the air for broadband and omnidirectional antireflection. An average transmittance of ≈98.03% (400–1100 nm) is achieved with a peak transmittance of ≈99.04% (at 571 nm), and the average antireflectivity is maintained at ≈15.75% even at an incidence of light of 65° (400–850 nm).
Charge Transfer Modulation in Vanadium‐Doped WS2/Bi2O2Se Heterostructures
Authors: Chitara Basant , Dimitrov Edgar , Liu Mingzu , Seling Tank R. , Kolli Bhargava S. C. , Zhou Da , Yu Zhuohang , Shringi Amit K. , Terrones Mauricio , Yan Fei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe field of photovoltaics is revolutionized in recent years by the development of two–dimensional (2D) type‐II heterostructures. These heterostructures are made up of two different materials with different electronic properties, which allows for the capture of a broader spectrum of solar energy than traditional photovoltaic devices. In this study, the potential of vanadium (V)‐doped WS2 is investigated, hereafter labeled V‐WS2, in combination with air‐stable Bi2O2Se for use in high‐performance photovoltaic devices. Various techniques are used to confirm the charge transfer of these heterostructures, including photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy, along with Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). The results show that the PL is quenched by 40%, 95%, and 97% for WS2/Bi2O2Se, 0.4 at.% V‐WS2/Bi2O2Se, and 2 at.% V‐WS2/Bi2O2Se, respectively, indicating a superior charge transfer in V‐WS2/Bi2O2Se compared to pristine WS2/Bi2O2Se. The exciton binding energies for WS2/Bi2O2Se, 0.4 at.% V‐WS2/Bi2O2Se and 2 at.% V‐WS2/Bi2O2Se heterostructures are estimated to be ≈130, 100, and 80 meV, respectively, which is much lower than that for monolayer WS2. These findings confirm that by incorporating V‐doped WS2, charge transfer in WS2/Bi2O2Se heterostructures can be tuned, providing a novel light‐harvesting technique for the development of the next generation of photovoltaic devices based on V‐doped transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs)/Bi2O2Se.
Remarkably Corrosion Resistant Graphene Coating on Steel Enabled Through Metallurgical Tailoring
Authors: Raman R.K. Singh , Sanjid A. , Banerjee Parama Chakraborty , Arya Abhishek Kumar , Parmar Rahul , Amati Matteo , Gregoratti Luca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGraphene coatings developed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) that possess extraordinary/unique characteristics as barrier against aggressive environment can improve the corrosion resistance of Ni and Cu by up to two orders of magnitude. However, because of some compelling technical reasons, it has thus far been a nontrivial challenge to develop graphene coatings on the most commonly used engineering alloy, mild steel (MS). To circumvent the challenge simply by first electroplating MS with a Ni layer is attempted, and then developing CVD graphene over the Ni layer. However, this approach proved too simplistic and does not work. This necessitated an innovative surface modification of MS (based on basic metallurgical principles) that enabled successful CVD of graphene coating on MS. The graphene coating thus developed is demonstrated to improve the corrosion resistance of mild steel by two orders of magnitude in an aggressive chloride solution, through electrochemical testing. This improvement was not only sustained for the entire test duration of >1000 h; but there is a clear trend for the resistance to be possibly everlasting. The optimized surface modification that enabled development of CVD graphene coating on mild steel is generic in nature, and it should enable graphene coating on other alloy systems, which would otherwise not be possible.
Enhancing Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Perovskite Oxide for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells through In Situ A‐Site Deficiencies and Surface Carbonate Deposition Induced by Lithium Cation Doping and Exsolution
Authors: Lin Wanbin , Su Weibin , Li Yanpu , Chiu Te‐Wei , Singh Manish , Pan Zehua , Fan Liangdong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSolid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) hold enormous potential for efficient conversion of CO2 to CO at low cost and high reaction kinetics. The identification of active cathodes is highly desirable to promote the SOEC's performance. This study explores a lithium‐doped perovskite La0.6‐xLixSr0.4Co0.7Mn0.3O3‐δ (x = 0, 0.025 0.05, and 0.10) material with in situ generated A‐site deficiency and surface carbonate as SOEC cathodes for CO2 reduction. The experimental results indicate that the SOEC with the La0.55Li0.05Sr0.4Co0.7Mn0.3O3‐δ cathode exhibits a current density of 0.991 A cm−2 at 1.5 V/800 °C, which is an improvement of ≈30% over the pristine sample. Furthermore, SOECs based on the proposed cathode demonstrate excellent stability over 300 h for pure CO2 electrolysis. The addition of lithium with high basicity, low valance, and small radius, coupled with A‐site deficiency, promotes the formation of oxygen vacancy and modifies the electronic structure of active sites, thus enhancing CO2 adsorption, dissociation process, and CO desorption steps as corroborated by the experimental analysis and the density functional theory calculation. It is further confirmed that Li‐ion migration to the cathode surface forms carbonate and consequently provides the perovskite cathode with an impressive anti‐carbon deposition capability, as well as electrolysis activity.
Experimental and numerical investigations on interaction between reinforced‐concrete grid frame and ceramsite foam concrete infill
Authors: Xu Yingjie , Chen Hongniao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExperimental and numerical studies were conducted to investigate interaction between reinforced‐concrete grid frame (CGF) and ceramsite foam concrete (CFC) infill. In the experiments, compressive tests were performed on the CGF and RC grid frame filled with the CFC which forms a composite wall, namely CGFW. To investigate the mechanical properties of the CGFW and the interactions between the CGF and CFC infill, the failure modes, integral stiffness, local strains, and load distribution coefficients of the composite wall were analyzed. The experimental results indicated that the CFC infill could uniformly transmit loads and significantly improve the bearing capacity and vertical stiffness of the CGFW while reducing the ductility of the composite wall. The load distribution coefficients of the CFC infill were stable at 0.51 ± 0.06 before peak load and damage evolutions in concrete columns were effectively alleviated due to obvious interactions between the CGF and CFC infill. To evaluate the interaction mechanisms of the two, numerical analysis was carried out by changing the sizes of central grid, opening rates, and reinforcement ratios of the composite walls. The finite element model with plastic damage constitutive of concrete was calibrated by comparing the experimental results. The numerical results indicated that the interaction between the CGF and CFC infill was insensitive to changes in grid sizes, and the interaction between the two was significantly different with the same reinforcement method of frame beams and columns. In addition, the CFC infill played an important role in the stability of CGF as the opening rate significantly affected the mechanical properties of the CGFW, and a stable path of load transfer was the key factor to ensure the interaction between the CGF and CFC infill.