bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of the relationship between CRPC patient's quality of life after enzalutamide and serum testosterone levels measured via LC‐MS/MS
Authors: Miyazawa Yoshiyuki , Nakamura Toshiyuki , Takezawa Yutaka , Shimizu Nobuaki , Matsuo Yasushige , Ogura Haruyuki , Takei Tomoyuki , Sekine Yoshitaka , Arai Seiji , Suzuki Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnzalutamide (ENZ) is used in the treatment of patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The quality of life (QoL) of CRPC patients during ENZ treatment is very important, but predictive markers of QoL have not been identified. We investigated the relationship between the serum testosterone (T) level before ENZ treatment and QoL changes in CRPC patients.Patients and MethodsThis prospective study was conducted between 2014 and 2018 at Gunma University Hospital and related facilities. We analyzed 95 patients in whom QoL could be evaluated using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Prostate (FACT‐P) questionnaire at baseline, and after 4 and 12 weeks of ENZ treatment. Serum T levels were measured by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS).ResultsThe study population of 95 patients had a median age of 72 years and median prostate‐specific antigen level of 21.6 ng/mL. The median overall survival from the commencement of ENZ treatment was 26.8 months. The median serum T level before ENZ treatment was 50.0 pg/mL. The mean total FACT‐P scores at baseline, and after 4 and 12 weeks of ENZ treatment, were 95.8, 91.7, and 90.1, respectively. Differences in FACT‐P scores between the high T level (High‐T) group and low T level (Low‐T) group (distinguished based on median split of the T level) were examined. The mean FACT‐P scores were significantly higher in the High‐T than Low‐T group after both 4 and 12 weeks of ENZ treatment (98.5 vs. 84.6 and 96.4 vs. 82.2, respectively, both p < 0.05). The mean FACT‐P score was significantly lower in the Low‐T group after 12 weeks than before ENZ treatment (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe serum T level before treatment may be useful for predicting QoL changes after ENZ treatment in CRPC patients.
A rare case of melioidosis presenting as pericarditis and pneumonia in a patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus
Authors: Leung Cheuk Cheung Derek , Ngai Ching Man , Wong Chun Kit , Chan Yu Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMelioidosis is a rare but often fatal tropical infection caused by gram‐negative bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei. It most commonly manifests as pneumonia and rarely presents as pericarditis. Melioidosis can be difficult to diagnose because of its diverse clinical manifestation and close resemblance to bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas. We report a rare case of melioidosis presenting as pericarditis and pneumonia in a 61‐year‐old male patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. He was initially misdiagnosed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and later treated empirically as tuberculosis pericarditis for 2 months, before reaching the diagnosis of melioidosis.
Soil microbial carbon and activity along with land use and geographic gradients
Authors: Bröring Janaina Mattge , Goss‐Souza Dennis , Baretta Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche , Sousa José Paulo , Baretta Dilmar , Oliveira Filho Luís Carlos Iuñes , Klauberg‐Filho Osmar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChanges in microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial respiration in soils under five different land‐use systems were evaluated at a regional scale in Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil, to assess the effects of land‐use change and geographical distribution on the microbial and environmental patterns related to soil carbon (C) dynamics. Results showed that, in the West mesoregion, changes in MBC were correlated to the sampling season in forest and pasture systems. In the Plateau mesoregion, however, a land‐use effect was observed, with MBC decreasing in no‐till and crop‐livestock integration systems. Forest and grassland sites presented the highest values of MBC and microbial activity, while grassland sites showed lower values of the metabolic quotient (qCO2) and higher values of the microbial quotient. The qCO2 was also lower in winter for all land‐use systems. The highest total and particulate organic carbon values were found in forest sites. Chemical–physical characteristics were also observed to be significantly correlated with microbiological variables related to soil microbial C dynamics. In conclusion, land‐use intensity, season, and location were found to be the main drivers of changes in microbial C dynamics.
Addition of tungsten in Co/Al2O3 to catalyse the production of hydrogen through acetic acid steam reforming
Authors: Wang Yang , Li Xinbao , Li Pan , Zhu Xinbo , Chen Geng , Zhu Yingying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSteam reforming of bio‐oil is a promising green hydrogen production technology. Experimental and theoretical calculations have been carried out to study the performance of Co/Al2O3 catalysts doped with tungsten (1–10 wt%) for bio‐oil model compound acetic acid steam reforming. The maximum acetic acid conversion of 95.4 % and H2 yield of 93.5 % were obtained over the 15Co‐5W/Al2O3 catalyst under the optimized reaction conditions of temperature=550 °C, steam to carbon ratio=5 and the gas hourly space velocity of 15,780 h−1. The feeding capacity of the catalyst was improved by 2.3 times by the addition of 5 wt% W compared to that of the non‐W‐added Co/Al2O3 catalyst. Catalyst characterizations by BET, XRD, H2‐TPR, XPS, HRTEM, and SEM were performed. The results showed that high activities were maintained over 20 h on the 15Co‐5W/Al2O3 catalyst. A little filamentous coke was formed on the spent catalyst surface, and the agglomeration rate of active Co was relatively low. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that the adsorptions of CH3COOH and H2O on the catalyst were enhanced by the addition of W.
One pot reaction on epoxidation of α,β‐unsaturated ketones and subsequent C−C coupling catalyzed by palladacycles
Authors: Dharani Sivadasan , Kalaiarasi Giriraj , Lynch Vincent M. , Srinivasan Karupannan , Prabhakaran Rathinasabapathi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne pot reaction for epoxidation and Suzuki Miyaura coupling of a number of quinolinyl α,β‐unsaturated ketones has been developed by using a predefined palladium(II) catalyst fabricated with 7‐diethylamino‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromene Schiff bases. Representative epoxide intermediates were isolated and their structures were established by X‐ray crystallography.
Distributed decision‐making in the shadow of hierarchy: How hierarchical similarity biases idea evaluation
Authors: Schweisfurth Tim G. , Schöttl Claus P. , Raasch Christina , Zaggl Michael A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryCompanies are increasingly opening up decision‐making, involving employees on all levels in distributed—and purportedly “hierarchy‐free”—decision processes. We examine how hierarchy reaches into such “democratized” systems, arguing that it is a source of homophily that biases idea evaluation decisions. Using a data set from internal crowdfunding at one of the world's largest industrial manufacturers, we show that idea evaluators overvalue hierarchically similar others' ideas. Competition in the form of lateral closeness dampens this bias, whereas uncertainty in the form of novelty amplifies this bias. We contribute to the literatures on decision biases in centralized versus distributed innovation and on structural similarity as a driver of employee behaviors.Managerial SummaryMany companies are starting to involve employees on all levels in strategic decisions, so as to curb hierarchical rigidities and integrate multiple perspectives. However, such distributed decision‐making opens the door to new biases and, ultimately, suboptimal strategic decisions. In the context of internal crowdfunding at a large industrial manufacturer, we show that employees evaluate hierarchically similar others' ideas overly favorably. Thus, hierarchy is not just a source of rivalry, but also of identification, leading to favoritism among hierarchical peers. Further, employees are particularly likely to assess ideas based on hierarchical similarity rather than content if the ideas are novel and therefore hard to evaluate. We provide suggestions for the design of distributed decision‐making systems.
Niobium‐Carbide MXene Modified Hybrid Hole Transport Layer Enabling High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells Over 19%
Authors: Deng Baozhong , Lian Hong , Xue Baotong , Song Ruichen , Chen Shi , Wang Zihan , Xu Tao , Dong Hongliang , Wang Shenghao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNiobium‐carbide (Nb2C) MXene as a new 2D material has shown great potential for application in photovoltaics due to its excellent electrical conductivity, large surface area, and superior transmittance. In this work, a novel solution‐processable poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)‐Nb2C hybrid hole transport layer (HTL) is developed to enhance the device performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). By optimizing the doping ratio of Nb2C MXene in PEDOT:PSS, the best power convention efficiency (PCE) of 19.33% can be achieved for OSCs based on the ternary active layer of PM6:BTP‐eC9:L8‐BO, which is so far the highest value among those of single junction OSCs using 2D materials. It is found that the addition of Nb2C MXene can facilitate the phase separation of the PEDOT and PSS segments, thus improving the conductivity and work function of PEDOT:PSS. The significantly enhanced device performance can be attributed to the higher hole mobility and charge extraction capability, as well as lower interface recombination probabilities generated by the hybrid HTL. Additionally, the versatility of the hybrid HTL to improve the performance of OSCs based on different nonfullerene acceptors is demonstrated. These results indicate the promising potential of Nb2C MXene in the development of high‐performance OSCs.
Template‐Free Synthesis of Phosphorus‐Doped g‐C3N4 Micro‐Tubes with Hierarchical Core–Shell Structure for High‐Efficient Visible Light Responsive Catalysis
Authors: Ya Zongyang , Jiang Xinyu , Wang Peng , Cai Jingjin , Wang Qiyou , Xie Haijiao , Xiang Shanglin , Wang Tingwei , Cai Dongyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work reports a new form of tubular g‐C3N4 that is featured with a hierarchical core–shell structure introduced with phosphorous elements and nitrogen vacancies. The core is self‐arranged with randomly stacked g‐C3N4 ultra‐thin nanosheets along the axial direction. This unique structure significantly benefits electron/hole separation and visible‐light harvesting. A superior performance for the photodegradation of rhodamine B and tetracycline hydrochloride is demonstrated under low intensity visible light. This photocatalyst also exhibits an excellent hydrogen evolution rate (3631 µmol h−1g−1) under visible light. Realizing this structure just requires the introduction of phytic acid into the solution of melamine and urea during hydrothermal treatment. In this complex system, phytic acid plays as the electron donor to stabilize melamine/cyanuric acid precursor via coordination interaction. Calcination at 550 °C directly renders the transformation of precursor into such hierarchical structure. This process is facile and shows the strong potential toward mass production for real applications.
Constructing Spatially Separated Cage‐Like Z‐scheme Heterojunction Photocatalyst for Enhancing Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Zhao Fei , Law Ying Lo , Zhang Nan , Wang Xiao , Wu Wenli , Luo Zhengtang , Wang Yuhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeterojunctions coupled into micro‐mesoscopic structures is an attractive strategy to optimize the light harvesting and carrier separation of semiconductor photocatalysts. A self‐templating method of ion exchange is reported to synthesize an exquisite hollow cage‐structured Ag2S@CdS/ZnS that direct Z‐scheme heterojunction photocatalyst. On the ultrathin shell of the cage, Ag2S, CdS, and ZnS with Zn‐vacancies (VZn) are arranged sequentially from outside to inside. Among them, the photogenerated electrons are excited by ZnS to the VZn energy level and then recombine with the photogenerated holes that are generated by CdS, while the electrons remained in the CdS conduction band are further transferred to Ag2S. The ingenious cooperation of the Z‐scheme heterojunction with the hollow structure optimizes the photogenerated charges transport channel, spatially separated the oxidation and reduction half‐reactions, decreases the charge recombination probability, and simultaneously improves the light harvesting efficiency. As a result, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of the optimal sample is 136.6 and 17.3 times higher than that of cage‐like ZnS with VZn and CdS by, respectively. This unique strategy demonstrates the tremendous potential of the incorporation of heterojunction construction to morphology design of photocatalytic materials, and also provided a reasonable route for designing other efficient synergistic photocatalytic reactions.
Large and Tunable Ranking Shift in Triboelectric Series of Polymers by Introducing Phthalazinone Moieties
Authors: Tao Xinglin , Fu Shaokui , Li Shuyao , Liu Zhaoqi , Yang Peng , Liu Chengde , Lin Shiquan , Zhang Shouhai , Chen Xiangyu , Jian Xigao , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRegulating the ranking of polymer in triboelectric series over a wide range is of great help for material's selection of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Herein, fluorinated poly(phthalazinone ether)s (FPPEs) with tunable molecular structure and aggregate structure are synthesized by co‐polycondensation, while the large positive ranking shift in the triboelectric series can be achieved by introducing phthalazinone moieties with strong electron donating capability. FPPE‐5, which includes abundant phthalazinone moieties, is more positive than all of the previously reported triboelectric polymers. Hence, the regulating range of FPPEs in this work updates a new record in triboelectric series, which is wider than that of previous works. A peculiar crystallization behavior, capable of trapping and storing more electrons, has been observed in FPPE‐2 with 25% phthalazinone moieties. Correspondingly, FPPE‐2 is more negative than FPPE‐1 without a phthalazinone moiety, which is an unexpected shift against the common changing tendency in triboelectric series. With FPPEs films as the probing material, a tactile TENG sensor is applied to enable material identification via electrical signal polarity. Hence, this study demonstrates a strategy to regulate the series of triboelectric polymers by copolymerization using monomers with distinct electrification capabilities, where both the monomer ratio and the peculiar nonlinear behavior can control triboelectric performance.
Insights from developing improvisational theatre intervention at NASA
Authors: Banks Amanda , Eaton Casey E. , Bates Meredith , Matsuyama Lisa , Palma Giulia , Guerin Amy , Weger Kristin , Mesmer Bryan , Friedrich Dan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of this research is to develop a methodology for an arts‐based intervention that can effectively promote employee voice. An arts‐based intervention was developed to promote employee voice, supported by literature and expert knowledge. This intervention was applied at the 2019 NASA Cost and Schedule Symposium. Participants indicated that the intervention was effective in eliciting “hidden truths.” Several topics were revealed that participants felt uncomfortable discussing in the workplace. The intervention methodology is evaluated, considering limitations and future changes.
Functionality‐Directed Regio‐ and Enantio‐Selective Olefinic C−H Functionalization of Aryl Alkenes
Authors: Zhu Yuhang , Liao Yilei , Jin Shuqi , Ding Liyuan , Zhong Guofu , Zhang Jian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAryl alkenes represents one of the most widely occurring structural motif in countless drugs and natural products, and direct C−H functionalization of aryl alkenes provides atom‐ step efficient access toward valuable analogues. Among them, group‐directed selective olefinic α‐ and β‐C−H functionalization, bearing a directing group on the aromatic ring, has attracted remarkable attentions, including alkynylation, alkenylation, amino‐carbonylation, cyanation, domino cyclization and so on. These transformations proceed by endo‐ and exo−C−H cyclometallation and provide aryl alkene derivatives in excellent site‐ stereo‐selectivity. Enantio‐selective α‐ and β‐ olefinic C−H functionalization were also covered to synthesis axially chiral styrenes.
Utilization of two‐equation model for analysis of flow over a moving needle in the presence of magnetic field
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Idrees , Chen Zhi‐Min , Riaz Nadia , Qasim Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany applications of the ocean and aerodynamic engineering, like the design of submarines, missiles, aircraft, rockets, and jet engines, involve flow over surfaces. Moreover, several experimental propulsion methods for seagoing ships, submarines and aerospace crafts are based on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). This research explores the MHD boundary layer flow over a moving needle (shaped like a paraboloid of revolution). Governing equations are modelled in cylindrical coordinates under axial symmetry constraint, which is then simplified by employing order of magnitude analysis. In the absence of a magnetic field, these equations are self‐similar, and this analysis is already available in the literature. We have applied the local non‐similarity method to derive the boundary layer equations up to the second level of truncation to compute the solutions of non‐similar boundary layer equations. The built‐in MATLAB routine bvp5c is used to solve these equations numerically. This analysis will assist in predicting flow quantities that are important in designing the objects mentioned above.
Sexuality Redefined
Authors: Geuens Sam , Hendrix Els 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeople have many different ideas about what sexuality is. This chapter explores the concept of ‘sex’ itself, examining people’s views on what sex is, broadening the concept far beyond intercourse and masturbation. We will examine why people have sex, expanding our ideas of sexual contexts beyond romance and intimacy.The chapter will elaborate on the World Health Organisation’s approach towards sexual health and the World Association for Sexual Health’s approach towards sexual pleasure and, from those angles, look at midwifery education and practice.This chapter will provide a larger framework for a holistic approach to sexuality, namely the biopsychosocial perspective.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for student-midwives, practicing midwives and related healthcare professionals.
Sexual Aspects of Fertility Disturbances
Authors: Gianotten Woet L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter concentrates on fertility and subfertility and their various sexual implications. On the one hand, there are sexual dysfunctions that impair conceiving. On the other hand, the message to be infertile or subfertile is usually a severe blow to a person’s or a couple’s identity, quickly impacting sexual desire and sexual pleasure. In middle- and high-income countries, most couples will continue towards medically assisted forms of reproduction. Those phases of examinations and treatments tend to have extensive short-term and long-term sexual consequences. This chapter will elaborate on those elements inherent to medically assisted forms of reproduction that negatively influence sexuality, such as loss of privacy, demolished intimacy, painful vaginal examinations, and hormonal disturbances. The chapter will also indicate ways to diminish negative impacts on sexual satisfaction and pleasure. Maintaining sexual satisfaction and pleasure during such treatments will keep couples less stressed, positively influencing their conception chances. Besides, less stress will keep the woman more relaxed when undergoing pregnancy checks and during childbirth. In the long term, the amount of stress experienced during ART treatment will influence the couple’s sexual life in the subsequent phases of pregnancy and young parenthood. The information in this chapter is relevant for the midwives and HCPs involved in such fertility treatment processes and for other HPCs to better understand the long-term effects of fertility treatment on the couple’s sexuality.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
Sexual Aspects of Labour/Childbirth Induced Trauma
Authors: Petročnik Petra , Polona Mivšek Ana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor some women and their partners, childbirth may be traumatic in retrospect due to unwanted experiences during labour and birth. Maybe due to physical trauma, such as pelvic floor injuries, episiotomy, operative vaginal delivery, or urgent caesarean section. This can impact everyday life activities and affect the sexual life postpartum. The extent of the trauma influences postpartum recovery and the moment of resuming vaginal intercourse, as well as the possible development of dyspareunia. Next to physical damage, childbirth can also be a psychotraumatic experience because of feelings of failure, disconnection between the partners, loss of the baby, or loss of self. Such psychological factors can cause post-traumatic stress disorder and sexual disturbances in the woman and the couple. Midwives play a vital role in preventing soft tissue damage and unnecessary episiotomy and later in proper psycho-education, pain management, and wound care. Midwives are also key players in preventing psychotraumatic experiences and aftercare in case of negative psychological and sexual consequences for the woman and the couple. Within that context, they should be able to address sexuality adequately.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
Sexual Aspects of Problems in the Postpartum and Early Parenthood (1st Year)
Authors: O’Malley Deirdre , Smith Valerie , Higgins Agnes 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis period, especially after the first childbirth, is the litmus test of young parenthood. On the one hand, the combination of birth, perineal damage, breastfeeding, sleeplessness, and hormonal changes can strongly influence postpartum sexuality. On the other hand, the new baby has suddenly changed the dyad into a triad and is simultaneously a source of pride and pleasure and extreme fatigue and sleepless nights.Sexual tension between the spouses regularly accompanies that process, with many men having more sexual desire and many mothers experiencing a drop in self-esteem and body positivity (next to physically being exhausted), resulting in sexual difficulties. Up to 80% of young parents experience sexual issues. In this stressful transition to parenthood, gender and gender role differences can become painfully obvious. Whereas men usually can separate fatherhood and partnership, those areas are much more intertwined in women. The grimmest consequences are increased family violence and up to 5% of the young parents who separate/divorce within 2 years after the first birth. This chapter will address the bio-psycho-social causes of those troubles and cover strategies to prevent or diminish them.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.