bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth performance and physiological responses of broilers fedStylosanthes hamataleaf meal in a hot tropical environment
Authors: Adejuyigbe Adewale E. , Sogunle Olajide M. , Onagbesan Okanlawon M. , Oke Oyegunle E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundForage plants are considered an essential source of vitamins, protein and energy and could decrease the intake of the conventional diets by up to 10% if young quality forage plants are offered and about 7% of a broiler's daily protein needs and 3% of their daily calorie needs can be met by pasture. However, there is a paucity of data on the quantification of the herbage intake in broiler chickens.ObjectivesThis trial was designed to determine the performance and physiological response of broilers fed diets containingStylosanthes hamataleaf meal (SHLM) at 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% inclusion (weight for weight) in a basal diet of poultry.MethodsTwo hundred and forty‐day‐old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used for this trial. They were allocated at random to each of the 6 dietary treatment groups with 4 replicates of 10 chickens each. The study lasted for 35 days, during which data were collected weekly.ResultsResults indicated no difference (p > 0.05) in body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens across all ages. Although the plasma triiodothyronine (T3) concentration of the birds was influenced at the sixth week of age, there was no consistency in the trend. At the eighth week of age, chickens on 15% SHLM had significantly (p < 0.05) higher cortisol (3.22 ng/mL) concentrations compared to 10% (3.13 ng/mL) and 20% (3.16 ng/mL) SHLM treatment groups. Treatment groups, regardless of the age of the chickens, had similar (p > 0.05) mean plasma creatinine values.ConclusionsThe study concluded that SHLM could be incorporated into broiler feed up to 20% without a deleterious impact on physiology and performance indices.
Contemporary epidemiological data of Rift Valley fever virus in humans, mosquitoes and other animal species in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ebogo‐Belobo Jean Thierry , Kenmoe Sebastien , Abanda Ngu Njei , Bowo‐Ngandji Arnol , Mbaga Donatien Serge , Magoudjou‐Pekam Jeannette Nina , Kame‐Ngasse Ginette Irma , Tchatchouang Serges , Menkem Elisabeth Zeuko'o , Okobalemba Etienne Atenguena , Noura Efietngab Atembeh , Meta‐Djomsi Dowbiss , Maïdadi‐Foudi Martin , Kenfack‐Zanguim Josiane , Kenfack‐Momo Raoul , Kengne‐Nde Cyprien , Esemu Seraphine Nkie , Mbacham Wilfred Fon , Sadeuh‐Mba Serge Alain , Ndip Lucy , Njouom Richard 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe zoonotic mosquito‐borne disease that represents an important threat to human and animal health, with major public health and socioeconomic impacts. This disease is endemic throughout many African countries and the Arabian Peninsula. This systematic review with meta‐analysis was conducted to determine the RVF prevalence in humans, mosquitoes and other animal species in Africa. The review also provides contemporary data on RVF case fatality rate (CFR) in humans. In this systematic review with meta‐analysis, a comprehensive literature search was conducted on the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Global Index Medicus databases from January 2000 to June 2022 to identify relevant studies. Pooled CFR and prevalence estimates were calculated using the random‐effects model. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed, and the I2‐statistic was used to investigate a potential source of heterogeneity. A total of 205 articles were included in the final analysis. The overall RVF CFR in humans was found to be 27.5% [95% CI = 8.0–52.5]. The overall pooled prevalence was 7.8% [95% CI = 6.2–9.6] in humans and 9.3% [95% CI = 8.1–10.6] in animals, respectively. The RVF prevalence in individual mosquitoes ranged from 0.0% to 25%. Subgroup analysis showed substantial heterogeneity with respect to geographical regions and human categories. The study shows that there is a correspondingly similar prevalence of RVF in human and animals; however, human CFR is much higher than the observed prevalence. The lack of a surveillance programme and the fact that this virus has subclinical circulation in animals and humans could explain these observations. The implementation of a One Health approach for RVF surveillance and control would be of great interest for human and animal health.
An overview of the integrated biogas production through agro‐industrial and livestock residues in the Brazilian São Paulo state
Authors: Mendes Fabrício Bruno , Volpi Maria Paula Cardeal , da Silva Clementino Wedja , Albarracin Lorena Torres , de Souza Moraes Bruna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, new solutions have arisen to promote bioenergy expansion, some of which meet the requirements of reliability, sustainability, and governance. In Brazil, the Sao Paulo state (SPS) is characterized by strong agro‐industrial and livestock activities, which generates increasing residues in the last years with the potential to produce bioenergy and offer environmental and economic benefits. The Brazilian National Biofuel Policy (Renovabio) has been enhanced to seek sustainable development, encouraging new agribusiness research. Studies have shown that the sugarcane sector, a conventional ethanol and bioelectricity producer, has the greatest potential to produce biogas/biomethane, which can be maximized with the introduction of co‐substrates regionally generated from corn, soy, orange, coffee, poultry, and swine. This overview, based on the main SPS agro‐industrial and livestock residues, shows innovative alternatives for integrating anaerobic co‐digestion (co‐AD) processes through a regional strategy, by providing long‐term revenues and greenhouse gas mitigation, which would also spread the discussion for National and International prospects. This study discusses logistical, political, and financial aspects, revealing a promising business model supported by public policies. However, its feasibility requires a real economic assessment with the inclusion of decarbonization credits, and political subsidies for biomethane as a biofuel under the Renovabio, which will facilitate its insertion into the agro‐industry in the coming years.This article is categorized under:Policy and Economics > Energy TransitionsSustainable Energy > BioenergyClimate and Environment > Circular EconomyPolicy and Economics > Regional and International Strategies
Nanotechnology translation in vascular diseases: From design to the bench
Authors: Zhou Yongwen , Yue Tong , Ding Yu , Tan Huiling , Weng Jianping , Luo Sihui , Zheng Xueying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a systemic pathophysiological condition contributing to the development of majority of polyvascular diseases. Nanomedicine is a novel and rapidly developing science. Due to their small size, nanoparticles are freely transported in vasculature, and have been widely employed as tools in analytical imaging techniques. Furthermore, the application of nanoparticles also allows target intervention, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering regenerative methods, in the management of major vascular diseases. Therefore, by summarizing the physical and chemical characteristics of common nanoparticles used in diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, we discuss the details of these applications from cellular, molecular, and in vivo perspectives in this review. Furthermore, we also summarize the status and challenges of the application of nanoparticles in clinical translation.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Noncoding RNA mutations in cancer
Authors: Zhou Honghong , Hao Xinpei , Zhang Peng , He Shunmin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCancer is driven by both germline and somatic genetic changes. Efforts have been devoted to characterizing essential genetic variations in cancer initiation and development. Most attention has been given to mutations in protein‐coding genes and associated regulatory elements such as promoters and enhancers. The development of sequencing technologies and in silico and experimental methods has allowed further exploration of cancer predisposition variants and important somatic mutations in noncoding RNAs, mainly for long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs. Association studies including GWAS have revealed hereditary variations including SNPs and indels in lncRNA or miRNA genes and regulatory regions. These mutations altered RNA secondary structures, expression levels, and target recognition and then conferred cancer predisposition to carriers. Whole‐exome/genome sequencing comparing cancer and normal tissues has revealed important somatic mutations in noncoding RNA genes. Mutation hotspots and somatic copy number alterations have been identified in various tumor‐associated noncoding RNAs. Increasing focus and effort have been devoted to studying the noncoding region of the genome. The complex genetic network of cancer initiation is being unveiled.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Characterization of the iron sand collected from the foot of Mt. Aburayama (Fukuoka, Japan) for estimating the origin of archeological iron artifacts from northern Kyushu
Authors: Ichikawa Shintaro , Ishikake Yuta , Nishi Yukiko , Kawata Satoshi , Yamakawa Hirofumi , Kurisaki Tsutomu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe iron sand around Mt. Aburayama (Fukuoka, Japan), where various ancient iron‐making sites are located, was investigated to establish a research infrastructure for identification of the raw material used in the archeological iron artifacts excavated from this area. Iron sand samples were magnetically collected from the rivers flowing in this area and nearby outcrop soil. The samples were qualitatively analyzed using Mössbauer spectroscopy and x‐ray diffractometry to identify the minerals present inside them. Additionally, the elemental concentrations in these samples were determined using x‐ray fluorescence spectrometry. The iron sand samples were characterized by comparing them with those from other Japanese regions using scatter diagrams developed based on the elemental concentrations in the samples. The scatter diagrams showed clear distinctions between the iron sand samples from the Mt. Aburayama area and other Japanese regions. These diagrams may enable us to clarify the relationship between the iron sand and archeological iron artifacts found in the vicinity of Mt. Aburayama.
Microstructural evolution of layered K‐doped RuCl3 during annealing traced by thermogravimetric analysis and 3D electron diffraction
Authors: Vinokurova Ekaterina , Knorr Monika , Efimova Anastasia , Ovchinnikov Alexander , Schmidt Peer , Büchner Bernd , Isaeva Anna , Roslova Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanoscale phase separation was induced in the K‐doped RuCl3 van der Waals material by annealing, and studied with the goal to find a natural design strategy for the formation of two‐dimensional architectures as an alternative to the costly and time‐consuming experimental artificial growth methods. Phase conversion was traced by means of thermogravimetric analysis combined with mass spectrometry. The local crystal structure of co‐existing K3Ru2Cl9 domains with the sizes of about 100 nm was solved by 3D electron diffraction.
Safety in a Digital Age: Old and New Problems—Algorithms, Machine Learning, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Le Coze Jean-Christophe , Antonsen Stian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDigital technologies including machine learning, artificial intelligence and big data are leading to dramatic changes, in both the workplace and our private lives. These trends raise concerns, ranging from the pragmatic to the philosophical, regarding the nature of work, the professional identity of workers, our privacy, the distribution of power within organizations and societies. They also represent both opportunities and challenges for the work of producing safety in high-hazard systems. We highlight a number of pressing issues related to these evolutions and analyze the extent to which existing lenses from sociotechnical theory can help understand them.
Safety in the Digital Age—Sociotechnical Challenges
Authors: Antonsen Stian , Le Coze Jean-Christophe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter describes some of the recurring themes that emerged from the contributions in this book, as well as from the workshop in which the contributions were presented and discussed. The themes are in one way or another related to the term “sociotechnical” and thus point to problems (old and new) that are linked to the relationship between the social and technological dimensions of organisations. The chapter provides a brief explanation of the history and current use of the term “sociotechnical” before discussing three sociotechnical issues that we believe are important for dealing with safety in the digital age.
Digitalisation, Safety and Privacy
Authors: Guillaume Olivier 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to increase the safety of industrial facilities and people, firms and their managers traditionally pay attention to the visibility of activities and the intentions of workers. Firms and managers can use connected objects worn by workers to collect this data. Analysing the introduction of smart glasses and smart shoes in an industrial site, this contribution explains how workers can use these tools without sacrificing their autonomy and privacy. In this site, performance as well as the safety of the activities is based on a combination of high individual autonomy and solidarity between colleagues strengthened by a private life at work. The sociotechnical context of this industrial site and the desire of professionals to control their privacy at work have a strong impact on the trajectory of these technologies. They insist on the use of technologies with their colleagues which strengthen the bonds of cooperation and solidarity and are resistant to technologies that could geolocate them or trace their movements. Moreover, the association of user spokespersons is an essential condition for the success of the design and dissemination of digital technologies. Finally, the control of privacy and private life at work by the workers contributes to the reinforcement of the performance and the safety of production.
Design and Dissemination of Blockchain Technologies: The Challenge of Privacy
Authors: Caron Cécile 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPresented as trust technologies, blockchains, by allowing immediate secure peer-to-peer exchanges without a trusted third party, have strong disruptive potential, but raise privacy issues. We illustrate some challenges that this antagonism raises and the sociotechnical compromises made to overcome them, by analysing the design of a mobility service by a consortium of some fifteen operators, and its experimentation with the employees of these operators. The service seeks to respond to the new needs linked to the electrification of company fleets, by tracking the recharging of (personal) electric vehicles at work or (professional) vehicles at home with a view to reimbursing employees’ professional expenses by relying on a blockchain. Privacy management is a skill, based on emerging expertise, distributed across a range of professions and users, which requires compromises between different conceptions of technology and data to be guaranteed. For blockchain designers, these compromises have limited the disruptive potential of blockchain technology by recentralising data management and losing the open nature of blockchain. However, in the eyes of other designers and users, they have allowed unexpected uses and benefits to emerge, such as reinforcing the choice of blockchain technology as a “privacy solution”.
Kapitel 4: Regulierung von Profiling und automatisierten Einzelentscheidungen
Authors: Wiedemann Klaus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungAuf den in Art. 4 Nr. 4 DSGVO legaldefinierten Begriff Profiling wird in der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung sowohl in ihrem verfügenden Teil als auch in ihren Erwägungsgründen an mehreren Stellen Bezug genommen. Vor dem Hintergrund des hier vertretenen 3-stufigen Modells spielt vor allem Art. 22 DSGVO eine Schlüsselrolle. Diese Norm regelt die Zulässigkeit automatisierter Einzelentscheidungen und ist damit für die dritte Stufe des Modells (Entscheidungsfindung und -ausführung) relevant. Sie wird im Folgenden neben den rechtlichen Vorgaben für das eigentliche Profiling vertieft analysiert. Die weiteren relevanten Betroffenenrechte des Kapitels III, welche Profiling explizit in Bezug nehmen, sind zunächst die Informationspflichten der Art. 13 II lit. f, 14 II lit. g DSGVO, welche nur im Kontext von automatisierten Entscheidungsfindungen gem. Art. 22 DSGVO speziell auf Profiling Bezug nehmen. In diesen Fällen steht dem Betroffenen zudem ein Auskunftsrecht gem. Art. 15 I lit. h DSGVO zu. Die Grundtatbestände der Art. 13, 14 und 15 DSGVO kommen auch zur Anwendung, wenn Profiling durchgeführt wird, ohne dass die gefundenen Ergebnisse im Nachgang zur Grundlage vollständig automatisierter Entscheidungen werden. Art. 21 I, II DSGVO gewährt zudem in bestimmten Situationen ein Widerspruchsrecht, welches Profiling beispielhaft nennt (ein eigener Aussagegehalt kommt der Nennung allerdings nicht zu). Die genannten Vorschriften werden im Folgenden überblicksartig mit Blick auf ihren Regelungsgehalt und ihre Funktion im Kontext von Profiling umrissen. Eine vertiefte, spezifischere Analyse erfolgt im dritten Teil dieser Arbeit im Kontext der Frage, ob das geltende materielle Recht in der Lage ist, die Mitglieder geschützter Gruppen vor Diskriminierung durch personalisierte Preise zu schützen.
Kapitel 8: Weiterführende Überlegungen
Authors: Wiedemann Klaus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungUnmittelbare Preispersonalisierung im Online-Handel ist in den Ländern der Europäischen Union nach heutigem Wissensstand ein seltenes, nur in wenigen Fällen beobachtbares Phänomen. Das Ausmaß ist quantitativ wie qualitativ begrenzt: In den wenigen registrierten Fällen waren die prozentual messbaren Unterschiede zwar nicht in allen, aber in den meisten Fällen gering. Das Ausmaß mittelbarer Preispersonalisierung, welche empirisch nur schwer mit der notwendigen statistischen Signifikanz zu erheben ist, dürfte größer sein. Es scheint allerdings auch eher gering zu sein. Häufig vorzufinden ist hingegen Verhaltensdiskriminierung (Behavioural Discrimination): Internet-Seiten und vernetzte Endgeräte des Internet of Things sind geprägt durch eine zunehmende Personalisierung, was die Suchergebnisse und andere Formen der Seitengestaltung sowie Werbung jeglicher Art angeht. Diese Form der Personalisierung ist strikt zu trennen von Preispersonalisierung, deren Wesen in der Anpassung des Preises an die (aus Eigenschaften und Verhalten abgeleitete) Zahlungsbereitschaft des Kunden besteht. Gleichermaßen notwendig ist die Abgrenzung von dynamischen Preisen.
Symmetric fluxes and small tadpoles
Authors: Coudarchet Thibaut , Marchesano Fernando , Prieto David , Urkiola Mikel A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The analysis of type IIB flux vacua on warped Calabi-Yau orientifolds becomes considerably involved for a large number of complex structure fields. We however show that, for a quadratic flux superpotential, one can devise simplifying schemes which effectively reduce the large number of equations down to a few. This can be achieved by imposing the vanishing of certain flux quanta in the large complex structure regime, and then choosing the remaining quanta to respect the symmetries of the underlying prepotential. One can then implement an algorithm to find large families of flux vacua with a fixed flux tadpole, independently of the number of fields. We illustrate this approach in a Calabi-Yau manifold with 51 complex structure moduli, where several reduction schemes can be implemented in order to explicitly solve the vacuum equations for that sector. Our findings display a flux-tadpole-to-stabilized-moduli ratio that is marginally above the bound proposed by the Tadpole Conjecture, and we discuss several effects that would take us below such a bound.
On the relation between the subadditivity cone and the quantum entropy cone
Authors: He Temple , Hubeny Veronika E. , Rota Massimiliano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Given a multipartite quantum system, what are the possible ways to impose mutual independence among some subsystems, and the presence of correlations among others, such that there exists a quantum state which satisfies these demands? This question and the related notion of a pattern of marginal independence (PMI) were introduced in [1], and then argued in [2] to be central in the derivation of the holographic entropy cone. Here we continue the general information theoretic analysis of the PMIs allowed by strong subadditivity (SSA) initiated in [1]. We show how the computation of these PMIs simplifies when SSA is replaced by a weaker constraint, dubbed Klein’s condition (KC), which follows from the necessary condition for the saturation of subadditivity (SA). Formulating KC in the language of partially ordered sets, we show that the set of PMIs compatible with KC forms a lattice, and we investigate several of its structural properties. One of our main results is the identification of a specific lower dimensional face of the SA cone that contains on its boundary all the extreme rays (beyond Bell pairs) that can possibly be realized by quantum states. We verify that for four or more parties, KC is strictly weaker than SSA, but nonetheless the PMIs compatible with SSA can easily be derived from the KC-compatible ones. For the special case of 1-dimensional PMIs, we conjecture that KC and SSA are in fact equivalent. To make the presentation self-contained, we review the key ingredients from lattice theory as needed.
Transition von der Intensivmedizin zur Palliativmedizin
Authors: Lustig Kathrin , Elsner Frank , Krumm Norbert , Klasen Martin , Rolke Roman , Peuckmann-Post Vera 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Verlegung von Patient:innen der Intensivstation (ITS) auf die Palliativstation (PTS) geht meist mit der Festlegung eines palliativen Konzeptes einher. Die Anpassung der Therapieziele mit primärem Fokus auf Lebensqualität und Symptomkontrolle kann für medizinisches Personal, Patient:innen und Angehörige herausfordernd sein. Beschreibungen dieser Transition sind jedoch rar.

Fragestellung
Ziel der Studie war die Charakterisierung der von den intensivmedizinischen Stationen gestellten Konsile an die Palliativmedizin sowie der Patient:innen durch Beschreibung der Versorgungspfade und Interventionen.

Methode
Retrospektive, quantitative Analyse aller im Jahr 2019 intensivmedizinisch betreuten Patient:innen der Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, für die ein palliativmedizinisches Konsil angefordert worden war.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden n = 102 Konsilanfragen der ITS an die Palliativmedizin ausgewertet. Fünf von 32 (16 %) auf die PTS übernommenen Konsilpatient:innen bzw. 35 (34 %) aller 102 Patient:innen konnten in das häusliche Umfeld oder eine stationäre Einrichtung (Pflegeheim, Hospiz, andere) entlassen werden. Die häufigsten Gründe einer Nichtübernahme waren: fehlende Kapazität der PTS (33 %), Versterben auf der Warteliste (20 %) und Ablehnung durch die Patient:innen (20 %). Die durch die Intensivmediziner:innen angefragten konsiliarischen Leistungen „Symptomkontrolle“ (χ2 = 10,17; p < 0,05) und „Beratung“ (χ2 = 12,82; p < 0,001) zeigten einen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit der jeweils durch die Palliativmediziner:innen durchgeführten Intervention.

Schlussfolgerung
Der Bedarf palliativmedizinischer Unterstützung der ITS überstieg die Aufnahmekapazität der PTS. Zukünftige Studien sollten Versorgungsmodelle palliativmedizinischer Unterstützung in der Intensivmedizin näher untersuchen.