bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What We Know About TMEM175 in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wang Jing , Sun Xuechun , Cheng Lufeng , Qu Meijie , Zhang Chanyuan , Li Xueting , Zhou Lingyan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLysosome is a highly heterogeneous membranous organelle in eukaryotic cells, which regulates many physiological processes in the cell. Studies have found that lysosomal dysfunction disrupts cellular homeostasis and is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Transmembrane protein 175 (TMEM175) is a lysosomal cation channel whose activity is essential for lysosomal homeostasis. At present, it has been confirmed that TMEM175 is related to the pathogenesis of PD, but the relationship between the two remains unclear.AimsA thorough comprehension of the structure and function of TMEM175 would greatly contribute to elucidating the achievement of this objective. In this paper, the structure, composition, and function of TMEM175 and its relationship with PD will be reviewed.
Vestibular Function in Patients With Vestibular Neuritis Experiencing Prodromal Dizziness
Authors: Fujimoto Chisato , Sugasawa Keiko , Ichijo Kentaro , Oka Mineko , Kamogashira Teru , Kinoshita Makoto , Kawahara Takuya , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIt is unknown whether prodromal dizziness (PD) before an attack of vestibular neuritis (VN) has an association with peripheral vestibular lesions. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the severity of vestibular dysfunction has an association with the presence of PD.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 88 consecutive unilateral VN patients with unilateral canal paresis in caloric testing. Caloric test, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential test to air‐conducted sound (ACS cVEMP), ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential test to bone‐conducted vibration (BCV oVEMP) and video head impulse test (vHIT) were used as vestibular function tests. Binomial logistic regression analyses were performed to see whether the subjects' age, sex, disease duration or the presence of PD is associated with the presence of vestibular dysfunction.ResultsSeventeen (19%) experienced an episode of PD. There was no significant association between the presence of PD and abnormality in ACS cVEMPs, BCV oVEMPs, vHIT for the posterior semicircular canal (SCC) or vHIT for the lateral SCC. The presence of PD had a significant positive association with abnormality in vHIT for the anterior SCC (ASCC) (p = 0.0248).ConclusionsThe presence of PD in VN may be associated with the peripheral vestibular lesion.
Biodiversity Metric Selection and Their Applications for Spatial Conservation Planning
Authors: Carroll Kathleen A. , Pidgeon Anna M. , Elsen Paul , Farwell Laura , Radeloff Volker C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimOn‐the‐ground conservation efforts require managers to balance various and sometimes conflicting conservation goals. For instance, areas important for conserving threatened and endangered species may have little spatial agreement with high functional redundancy. Using prioritisation tools can further complicate conservation prioritisations if conflicting diversity metrics identify different high‐priority areas. We compared five community‐level diversity metrics for birds across the conterminous US to identify how much agreement existed between each before and after using a prioritisation framework.LocationContiguous US.MethodsWe examined spatial agreement among metrics before (a priori) and after (a posteriori) prioritisation using integer linear programming. We compared a posteriori outputs for 10% and 30% conservation goals. We also assessed data layer correlation and agreement (i.e., overlap) a priori and a posteriori.ResultsAs expected, the a priori diversity metrics were poorly to moderately correlated (median = 0.31, range = 0.11–0.71), but all a posteriori solutions had areas of agreement. Accordingly, our a posteriori metrics identified different areas as high priority for conservation, none aligning well with the current protected areas (mean = 13%–15% agreement). However, the a posteriori approach allowed us to include a continuity constraint (identify adjacent important pixels) and easily find areas of high‐priority agreement.Main ConclusionsMetric agreement depended on a priori or a posteriori evaluation, highlighting managers' challenges when deciding where and how to enact conservation. Given these challenges, a posteriori solutions best support multiple‐objective, complex and large planning conservation problems. Importantly, all of our a posteriori maps agreed in areas, suggesting aggregates of several metrics could instill certainty in decision‐making if prioritisation solutions were obtained at different times. Overall, our results underscore the critical importance of generating maps and metrics useful for on‐the‐ground management, carefully selecting biodiversity metrics that best reflect conservation goals and employing prioritisation software for generating conservation solutions.
Using UCAS MEM for Contextual Offers
Authors: Harvey Laura A. , Jong Stephanie T. , Smith Myles 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTContextual admissions schemes are commonly used across the United Kingdom (UK) for admission into higher education (HE) institutions. These schemes consider an applicant's background and circumstances alongside academic achievement to provide a fairer evaluation of progression into university. Several contextual factors have been considered by HE providers and few have been evaluated in the literature. However, the University and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS) Multiple Equality Measure (MEM), introduced in 2018, is yet to be evaluated in contextual admissions schemes. This study evaluates the use of UCAS MEM data for contextual admissions at one mid‐sized UK institution using a difference‐in‐differences framework and institutional data on applications for academic years 2021/22 and 2022/23. We found that the introduction of contextual offers, using UCAS MEM data, reduced the likelihood that applicants declined their offer. Applicants were more likely to place the offer from the university as their insurance option. This suggests that the contextual offer increased the appeal of the institution as a solid insurance option, with a marginal increase in probability of study at the institution. Caution is needed when implementing a contextual admissions policy based on UCAS MEM. University policies should consider alignment with their Access and Participation Plan (APP) objectives and commitments, and to ensure applicants understand the basis on which they may be offered a contextual offer.
Unveiling wear mechanisms of tantalum carbide‐silicon carbide composites: Influence of silicon carbide content and sliding load
Authors: Pandey Smita , Chodisetti Surya Prakasarao , Kumar B. Venkata Manoj 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTantalum carbide (TaC), as ceramic coating, is known for its exceptional wear performance, however, the tribological behavior of bulk TaC ceramics is poorly understood and requires persistent research. In the current study, the tribology of spark plasma sintered TaC—SiC composites in dry sliding contacts against silicon carbide (SiC) counterbody under various sliding loads (5, 10, and 15 N) is investigated with respect to change in SiC content (from 0 to 65 vol%). With changes in reinforcement content and load, the coefficient of friction and wear rate varied in the range of 0.25–0.45 and 4.7 × 10−7–2.1 × 10−6 mm3/Nm, respectively. At 5 N load, dominant abrasion is observed for composites containing SiC content up to 35 vol%, while abrasion and mild fracture are observed for the composites containing above 35 vol% SiC. At 15 N load, abrasion and oxidation are observed on worn surfaces of monolithic TaC. TaC composites with ≤ 35 vol% SiC content exhibited abrasion, pull‐outs, and tribo‐oxidation, while composites with ≥ 50 vol% SiC content experienced severe fracture along with tribo‐oxidation. The presence of tribo‐oxidation on worn tracks at a higher sliding load (15 N) is confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results.
Interaction between breastfeeding duration and an obesity genetic risk score to predict body fat composition in European adolescents: The HELENA study
Authors: Baxevanis Georgios K. , Iglesia Iris , Seral‐Cortes Miguel , Sabroso‐Lasa Sergio , Flores‐Barrantes Paloma , Gottrand Frédéric , Meirhaeghe Aline , Kafatos Anthony , Widhalm Kurt , Hockamp Nele , Molnár Dénes , Marcos Ascensión , Nova Esther , González‐Gross Marcela , Gesteiro Eva , Gutiérrez Ángel , Manios Yannis , Anastasiou Costas A. , Rodríguez Gerardo , Moreno Luis A. ,   the HELENA Study Group
Published: January 2025

SummaryBackgroundAlthough the genetic interplay with the environment has a major impact on obesity development, little is known on whether breastfeeding could modulate the genetic predisposition to obesity.ObjectivesTo investigate whether breastfeeding attenuates the effect of an obesity genetic risk score (GRS) on adiposity in European adolescents.MethodsTotally 751 adolescents from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) cross‐sectional study were included, divided according to breastfeeding status into never breastfed, 1–3 months and ≥4 months. Adjusting by socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors multiple linear regression models were used to assess (1) the main effect of breastfeeding duration and (2) its interaction effect with an obesity GRS, to predict different adiposity measures.ResultsA significant negative association between ≥4 months of breastfeeding and waist circumference (WC) z‐score was observed [β (95% confidence interval), p‐value] = [β = −0.189 (−0.37, −0.00), p = 0.044]. Also, significant interaction effects were observed for 1–3 and ≥4 months of breastfeeding and obesity GRS regarding body mass index (BMI) z‐score [β = 0.155 (0.06, 0.24), p = 0.001] and [β = 0.108 (0.01, 0.18), p = 0.020, respectively] and fat mass index (FMI) z‐score [β = 0.134 (0.04, 0.22), p = 0.003] and [β = 0.100 (0.01, 0.18), p = 0.026, respectively].ConclusionsBreastfeeding modulates the association between the obesity GRS and body composition in adolescents.
TYK2:p.Pro1104Ala Variant Protects Against Autoimmunity by Modulating Immune Cell Levels
Authors: Steri Maristella , Orrù Valeria , Sidore Carlo , Mulas Antonella , Pitzalis Maristella , Busonero Fabio , Maschio Andrea , Serra Valentina , Dei Mariano , Lai Sandra , Virdis Francesca , Lobina Monia , Loizedda Annalisa , Marongiu Michele , Masala Marco , Floris Matteo , Curreli Nicolò , Balaci Lenuta , Loi Francesco , Pilia Maria Grazia , Delitala Alessandro , Fiorillo Edoardo , Schlessinger David , Zoledziewska Magdalena 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe TYK2:p.Pro1104Ala (rs34536443) hypomorph variant has been associated with protection against numerous autoimmune disorders. Thus, its mechanism of action becomes of great interest. Here, consistent with the participation of activated immune cells in autoimmunity, we show that the variant regulates the levels of immune cells at a human, general population level and is associated particularly with higher levels of T and B lymphocytes, especially the naïve (non‐activated) compartment. Also, consistent with a protective function in autoimmunity, the level of regulatory CD4+ T cells was increased. Thus, this variant decreases immune activation thereby protecting from autoimmunity. Our work links the cellular mechanism regulated by the TYK2:p.Pro1104Ala variant to autoimmunity protection and supports TYK2 as a therapeutic target in autoimmunity.
Prediction of deep vein thrombosis in pregnant women by platelet indices: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Topkara Serap , Çelen Şevki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the platelet indices for the diagnosis of acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in pregnant women.Materials and MethodsPregnant women aged 20–45 years who presented to the emergency room with leg pain and edema and underwent bilateral lower extremity venous Doppler examination for DVT were included in the study. Platelet large cell ratio (P‐LCR), platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) values, which provide information on current platelet activity in the hemogram parameters recorded at first presentation in the emergency department, were analyzed between the two groups. Pregnant women with a history of venous thromboembolism, anticoagulant medication, heart disease, cancer, essential thrombocytopenia, gestational thrombocytopenia, pulmonary embolism, and multiple pregnancies were excluded.ResultsA total of 125 participants were included in the study. Acute DVT was diagnosed in 37 participants using venous Doppler of the lower extremities. In the remaining 88 patients, the diagnosis of DVT was excluded. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, body mass index, parity, and gestational age at diagnosis. Although platelet counts were similar between groups, P‐LCR, PDW, and MPV values, which provide information on platelet shape and volume, were statistically significantly lower in Group DVT (p < 0.05).ConclusionAccording to this study, low MPV, PDW and P‐LCR values in pregnant women can be evaluated as independent markers in the diagnosis of acute DVT or these markers can be included in the DVT scoring system for pregnant women.
A New Short‐Term Assessment Condition for Evaluating Nonfunctional Electromyographic Activity of Masseter Muscle During Wakefulness
Authors: Angkulmahasuk Suvichaya , Nishiyama Akira , Ishiyama Hiroyuki , Fueki Kenji 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAwake bruxism involves masticatory muscle activity during wakefulness, potentially leading to clinical concerns. Accurate electromyography (EMG) assessment is challenging with brief durations.ObjectiveTo establish a reliable, short‐term measure for nonfunctional masseter muscle activity during wakefulness.MethodsThirty‐four healthy participants completed the Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC) and were assessed with an EMG logger (FLA‐500‐SD) across three sessions. On Day 1, participants performed four tasks (reading, bead‐grabbing, video watching and math) for 15 min each in random order. On Day 2, scheduled at least 1 week later, tasks were repeated in a different sequence. On Day 3, participants underwent a 7‐h continuous EMG recording during daily activities while maintaining activity diaries. Main outcomes included the mean number of EMG bursts per hour, burst duration, burst peak value relative to maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC) and integral value (μV.s, %MVC.s).ResultsParticipants (mean age: 28.0 ± 3.1) scored low on AB likelihood per partial OBC results, contrasting with EMG activity levels. Significant differences in EMG parameters were noted across tasks, with consistent values between Days 1 and 2. The reading, video, and math tasks showed strongest correlations with long‐term EMG measurements (rs = 0.62–0.66, p < 0.001). Reading task demonstrated high test–retest reliability (ICC > 0.9), with the highest specificity (100%) and positive predictive value, though sensitivity was limited compared with long‐term AB measures.ConclusionsEMG measurements during a 15‐min reading task may correspond to prolonged monitoring, suggesting the potential for short‐task EMG assessments in practice. Integrating such assessments might enhance diagnostic accuracy, although judgement remains essential.
“Il gioco” as collaborative method: Feminist and antiracist musings on the power of play
Authors: Carney Megan A. , Vannini Sara , Genovese Alessio , Saguto Daniele , Jammeh Muhammed , Deme Ibrahima , Fantin Alma 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhat transformative potential might reside in play as a collaborative method, particularly in contexts of migration and with populations of marginalized youth? In this paper, we explore play “in anthropology and as anthropology” while drawing from our collective experiences with collaborative research through a Palermo‐based participatory film and storytelling lab that foregrounds “il gioco” (play). We discuss the lab's approach to play as a collaborative method in the process of co‐creation that helps with navigating social and linguistic differences, invites practices of improvisation, and aspires to disrupt uneven landscapes of power. We also consider how play can serve as a form of ethnography and mode of analysis. Engaging with theory on collaborative anthropology, creative and experimental ethnography, and decolonizing methodologies, we gesture to the possibilities for critical collaborative play as a feminist, antiracist methodological orientation. Particularly as the field of anthropology grapples with existential crises and strives toward decolonizing futures, play as method warrants further critical attention.
Gastric Accommodation Testing Using Hybrid Nuclear Imaging Volumetry and Combined High‐Resolution Manometry‐Nutrient Drink Test: A Pilot Study in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Tagiling Nashrulhaq , Lee Yeong Yeh , Mohd Rohani Mohd Fazrin , Udin Muhamad Yusri , Abdul Aziz Azliani , Muhamad Siti Norhasliza , Musarudin Marianie , Abdul Razab Mohammad Khairul Azhar , Zainol Nurul Ain Shafiqah , Tan Phei Oon , Mat Nawi Norazlina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGastric accommodation (GA) testing is gaining clinical recognition as novel and minimally invasive modalities emerge. We investigated the feasibility of hybrid nuclear imaging volumetry (SPECT/CT) and combined high‐resolution manometry‐nutrient drink test (HRM‐NDT) to assess GA.MethodsIn this non‐randomized pilot study, [99mTc]NaTcO4 gastric SPECT/CT (250 mL protocol) and proximal gastric HRM‐NDT (~60 mL/min protocol) were performed separately within 30 days using Ensure Gold test meal (1.05 kcal/mL; Abbott). GA parameters were measured, and their preliminary associations were examined using Spearman's ρ and Hoeffding's D correlation tests. Data were presented as median ± normalized median absolute deviation.Key ResultsTwenty healthy, asymptomatic individuals (11 females; 23.5 ± 2.2 years, 23.7 ± 2.2 kg/m2) completed both procedures without serious adverse events and interrupted sessions. The accommodation volume and postprandial‐to‐fasting volume ratio from SPECT/CT were 325.8 ± 28.5 mL and 5.31 ± 1.28, respectively. During HRM‐NDT, the nadir‐intragastric pressure (IGP) was −6.6 ± 3.6 mmHg at an ingested volume of 360.0 ± 177.9 mL, and the area‐under‐curve of IGP was −1566.0 ± 1596.8 mmHg·mL. The maximum tolerated volume for reaching satiety/maximum discomfort was 450.0 ± 177.9 mL, and the area‐under‐curve of satiation score was 900.0 ± 266.9 satiation‐unit·mL. The area‐under‐curve of IGP showed significant associations with maximum tolerated volume (ρ: −0.702; D: 0.234) and the area‐under‐curve of satiation score (D: 0.119): all p < 0.01. No correlations were found between volumetric with manometric and subjective NDT GA parameters.Conclusions & InferencesSPECT/CT and HRM‐NDT are feasible and tolerable techniques for measuring GA in healthy individuals. Thus, determining their diagnostic utility among patient populations requires further optimization and standardization.
Echo‐Biometry Assessment of a Quadruple Pregnancy in a Captive Capybara
Authors: Donoso Flavia M. P. M. , Pizzutto Cristiane S. , Contardo Juan , Hagen Stefano C. F. , Sáez Daniel , Nunes Fernanda B. P. , Almeida Adriana H. , Assis Neto Antônio C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA 5‐year‐old female capybara, conditioned ex situ before mating, was monitored by ultrasound to establish prenatal growth and assess fetal echo‐biometric variables. The records were taken twice weekly until delivery (i.e., 5 months). The measurements included gestational sac width (GSW), gestational sac height (GSH), gestational sac length (GSL), crown‐rump length (CRL), trunk diameter (TD), heart major axis (HMA), biparietal diameter (BDP), and femur length (FL). The gestational sacs were detected on the 25th day after mating (DAM), embryos appeared on the 42nd DAM, and the parturition of four healthy offspring occurred three days after reaching averages of 30.74 cm (CRL), 8.65 cm (TD), 5.37 cm (HMA), and 6.08 cm (BDP). For initial pregnancy and fetal growth, GSL and BDP seem to be the best measurements. The formulas shown here can be a reference for gestational age estimation. This longitudinal study shows that ultrasonography is helpful for early pregnancy diagnosis and gestational age determination in capybaras.
Possible complications in oral surgery and their management in patients affected by type 1 diabetes: narrative review
Authors: Nagni Matteo , Severino Marco , Redi Lorenzo , Zizza Agostino , Pancrazi Gian Luca , Vavassori Emilio , D'Orto Bianca 
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide, both in its juvenile form (type 1 diabetes) and in the form that affects adults and is related to lifestyle, diet, and sedentariness (type 2 diabetes). In addition to the disease itself, diabetes also includes various complications and, above all, creates a supportive environment for the development of further disorders and pathologies. Certain alterations favor oral pathologies in diabetic patients.
This narrative review aims to focus on diabetic patients and the possible oral complications that can occur in oral surgery sessions.
The MEDLINE database (NCBI PubMed and PMC) was employed to obtain sources of information. An online search was performed to select articles regarding complications in oral surgery for diabetic patients.
The search considered 52 articles using the following keywords: “diabetic patient,” “complications,” and “oral surgery.”
Although it is not possible to establish with certainty what the predisposing factors are, the scientific literature shows that the altered composition of saliva, together with the reduced immune response against bacteria, determines a lower antibacterial capacity in diabetic patients and, thus a higher frequency of inflammatory diseases caused by the accumulation of plaque and tartar; in particular, gingivitis, periodontitis, caries, aphthae or aphthous stomatitis, map tongue (benign migratory glossitis), xerostomia, tongue inflammation, and candidiasis.
In conclusion, the dentist must always take due account of all the needs of diabetic patients, trying to operate above all at the level of prevention and being aware of all the possible complications that diabetic patients could face during an oral surgery session.
La mujer que decide ser mamá. ¿Quién defiende a las madres?
Authors: Hernández Castaño María José 
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo pretende visibilizar las violencias que atraviesan las mujeres que toman la decisión de ser madres en Colombia, resaltando que, el movimiento feminista no ha centralizado en su agenda, la necesidad de nombrar estas violencias y de reclamar la protección de la mujer madre. Se describen entonces, las violencias que atraviesan las mujeres durante el proceso de convertirse en madres, haciendo un particular énfasis en el desafió de conciliar el oficio de maternar y desempeñar un trabajo formal. En consecuencia, se explora cómo hay una sobrecarga en la mujer, fomentada en estereotipos históricos y patriarcales en las labores de cuidado y cómo hay una carencia de estrategias de origen gubernamental y cultural que apoyen el proceso de conciliación. La imposibilidad de una conciliación procurando el cuidado de la salud física y psicológica de la madre resulta en una experiencia insatisfactoria para la mujer que no puede realizarse plenamente en ninguna de sus facetas. Al final, se exploran algunos ejemplos de iniciativas que han buscado dar respuesta a las violencias descritas y se insta a la agenda feminista a centralizar dentro de sus reivindicaciones las violencias de género que sufren las mujeres que deciden ser madres