bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in intensity and tracks of tropical cyclones crossing the central and southern Philippines from 1979 to 2020: an observational study
Authors: Petilla Clint Eldrick R. , Tonga Leia Pauline S. , Olaguera Lyndon Mark P. , Matsumoto Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObservational studies on the characteristics of tropical cyclones (TCs) crossing Mindanao and Visayas Islands, in the southern and central Philippines, respectively, remain limited. To address this research gap, this study investigates the changes in the translational speeds, the direction of motion, and intensities of 8 and 39 landfalling TCs crossing Mindanao and Visayas Islands, respectively, from 1979 to 2020. The intensities, translational speeds, and direction of motions of the TCs were characterized by their position before (approaching point; AP), during (landing point; LP), and after (departing point; DP) traversing through Mindanao and Visayas Islands. The results show a significant linear relationship in the intensity change between AP and DP, indicating a general weakening of TCs as they traverse both island groups. About 5 (29) TCs showed a decrease in intensity based on the maximum sustained wind speed (MSW) after crossing Mindanao (Visayas). The intensity of TCs with at least Typhoon category upon landfall, decreased on average (percentage) by about 23.33 kts (− 25.4%) and 24.29 kts (− 45.5%) after crossing Mindanao and Visayas, respectively. The MSW of weaker TCs decreased on average by about 6.67 kts (− 25.0%) and 8.13 kts (− 20.5%) after traversing Mindanao and Visayas, respectively. Cases with increased (1 TC for Mindanao and 6 TCs for Visayas) and no change in intensities (2 TCs for Mindanao and 4 TCs for Visayas) after crossing the island were also found. Landfalling TCs over Mindanao exhibited a characteristic where those deflected rightward (leftward) at AP tend to be deflected rightward (leftward) at DP, while no pattern was found for the TCs traversing Visayas. Furthermore, TCs moving across Mindanao and Visayas tend to decelerate as they approach and move away from the island. The findings of this study are essential for disaster mitigation and a greater understanding of the TCs behavior in terms of intensity, translational speed, and deflection.(a, c) Frequency distribution of the intensity change over Mindanao and Visayas, respectively. (b, d) Scatter diagram showing the intensity change between AP and DP with respect to different TC categories over Mindanao and Visayas, respectively. The numbers inside the black circles indicate the total number of cases if it is larger than one. The numbers inside the parentheses at the bottom of the figure indicate the total number of cases for the different TC categories.
What benefit can be obtained from magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis with artificial intelligence in prostate cancer compared with clinical assessments?
Authors: Zhao Li-Tao , Liu Zhen-Yu , Xie Wan-Fang , Shao Li-Zhi , Lu Jian , Tian Jie , Liu Jian-Gang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) methodology based on magnetic resonance (MR) images to aid in the management of prostate cancer (PCa). To this end, we reviewed and summarized the studies comparing the diagnostic and predictive performance for PCa between AI and common clinical assessment methods based on MR images and/or clinical characteristics, thereby investigating whether AI methods are generally superior to common clinical assessment methods for the diagnosis and prediction fields of PCa. First, we found that, in the included studies of the present study, AI methods were generally equal to or better than the clinical assessment methods for the risk assessment of PCa, such as risk stratification of prostate lesions and the prediction of therapeutic outcomes or PCa progression. In particular, for the diagnosis of clinically significant PCa, the AI methods achieved a higher summary receiver operator characteristic curve (SROC-AUC) than that of the clinical assessment methods (0.87 vs. 0.82). For the prediction of adverse pathology, the AI methods also achieved a higher SROC-AUC than that of the clinical assessment methods (0.86 vs. 0.75). Second, as revealed by the radiomics quality score (RQS), the studies included in the present study presented a relatively high total average RQS of 15.2 (11.0–20.0). Further, the scores of the individual RQS elements implied that the AI models in these studies were constructed with relatively perfect and standard radiomics processes, but the exact generalizability and clinical practicality of the AI models should be further validated using higher levels of evidence, such as prospective studies and open-testing datasets.
The effect of the egg-predator Carcinonemertes conanobrieni on the reproductive performance of the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus
Authors: Berben Amanda , Stephens Natalie C. , Gonzalez-Cueto Jaime , Velasquez Yulibeth , Quiroga Sigmer , González María Teresa , Baeza J. Antonio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus is heavily fished throughout its Greater Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico distribution, suggesting a heightened susceptibility to a fisheries collapse. In 2017, a nemertean worm, Carcinonemertes conanobrieni was described from ovigerous females of P. argus in Florida, USA. A year later, the presence of the same egg predator was recorded along the southern Caribbean coast (Colombia). The effect of this egg predator on the reproductive performance, including fecundity, embryo mortality, and reproductive output, of its host is unknown. This study tested whether C. conanobrieni affects embryo mortality, fecundity, and reproductive output in brooding females of P. argus.

Results
Artisan fishers caught 90 ovigerous lobsters near Pueblo Viejo, Magdalena, Colombia. Each ovigerous female was examined for the presence/absence of the egg predator. Lobster egg mortality (%), fecundity (nº eggs female−1), and reproductive output (%) were estimated. Prevalence of C. conanobrieni in the studied population was 87.78%. The mean intensity of C. conanobrieni (all life stages) in the population was 11.68 (± 1.98) egg predators per brood mass sample. Infected females brooding late-stage embryos exhibited lower fecundity, lower reproductive performance values, and higher embryo mortality compared to infected females brooding early-stage embryos. Embryo stage and worm infection level negatively impacted fecundity and reproductive output. Worm infection level and the number of adult nemertean worms also negatively affected embryo mortality.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate an adverse effect of C. conanobrieni on the reproductive performance of P. argus. The interactive impact of this egg predator, natural stressors, and anthropogenic stressors on individual P. argus reproductive performance could facilitate losses at large-scale fisheries levels.
Evaluation and assessment of roles of neurootological examinations, vestibular tests, and videonystagmography in patients with dizziness
Authors: Jhawar Manan , Srivastava Anurag , Keshree Nirnay Kumar , Munjal Vishal Rattan , Pathak Ramji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Vertigo and dizziness are frequent clinical symptoms. Peripheral vertigo and central vertigo are two different types of vertigo that result from a disrupted vestibular system. Imbalance and dizziness are frequent initial complaints. It is common for improper diagnosis and subpar treatment to result from a lack of a systematic approach to the examination and laboratory evaluation of the vestibular system. A correct diagnosis can be made with a fundamental knowledge of vestibular physiology and the right examination methods.

Objectives
The current study was done to evaluate and assess the roles of neuro-otological examinations, vestibular tests, and videonystagmography among patients with dizziness visiting a tertiary care centre.

Methodology
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among patients complaining of vertigo at a tertiary care centre for the duration of 18 months. A total of 64 patients were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Various diagnostic tests were applied and correlated with the complaints of the patients.

Result
Forty-two percent of patients with dizziness had hearing loss, and 26.5% had tinnitus. 57.8% had the PTA test within the normal limit, and the head shake test (videonystagmography) was positive among 39.1%. Caloric test abnormality was seen in 53.1% of patients with dizziness. Neuro-otological examination of the head shake test was found positive in 29.7% of cases. 79.7% of cases show a positive Fukuda test. SP > AP is seen among 9.4% of cases in EchoG. 67.1% show a positive Romberg test. The Dix-Hallpike test was positive among 31.2% of dizziness patients.

Conclusion
In conclusion, history and neuro-otological testing can aid in the diagnosis of vertigo, but they cannot be relied on if the vertigo is complex. Only symptomatic history and neuro-otological tests are helpful in cases like a simple unilateral posterior canal BPPV, but in a complex case with tinnitus, aural fullness, Romberg positivity, or Fukuda positivity, we need the assistance of additional investigations such as vestibular tests such as ECochG and VNG.
Evaluating the impact of different control states in current psychiatric research design
Authors: Williams Harry 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYA ‘control’ provides a point of clinical comparison for a new intervention, allowing researchers and clinicians to draw more confident conclusions about the effectiveness or potential harm of a given, often novel, therapy. Although this aspect of a trial's design provides the basis from which interventional impact is measured, it is often less closely examined. This commentary appraises a Cochrane Review that compares various controls in common use in modern psychiatric research and aims to characterise their effects on the outcomes of that research.
Clinical and cost evaluation of two models of specialist intensive support teams for adults with intellectual disabilities who display behaviours that challenge: the IST-ID mixed-methods study
Authors: Hassiotis Angela , Kouroupa Athanasia , Hamza Leila , Marston Louise , Romeo Renee , Yaziji Nahel , Hall Ian , Langdon Peter E. , Courtenay Ken , Taggart Laurence , Morant Nicola , Crossey Vicky , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundIntensive support teams (ISTs) are recommended for individuals with intellectual disabilities who display behaviours that challenge. However, there is currently little evidence about the clinical and cost-effectiveness of IST models operating in England.AimsTo investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of IST models.MethodWe carried out a cohort study to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of two previously identified IST models (independent and enhanced) in England. Adult participants (n= 226) from 21 ISTs (ten independent and 11 enhanced) were enrolled. The primary outcome was change in challenging behaviour between baseline and 9 months as measured by the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist-Community version 2.ResultsWe found no statistically significant differences between models for the primary outcome (adjustedβ= 4.27; 95% CI −6.34 to 14.87;P= 0.430) or any secondary outcomes. Quality-adjusted life-years (0.0158; 95% CI: −0.0088 to 0.0508) and costs (£3409.95; 95% CI −£9957.92 to £4039.89) of the two models were comparable.ConclusionsThe study provides evidence that both models were associated with clinical improvement for similar costs at follow-up. We recommend that the choice of service model should rest with local services. Further research should investigate the critical components of IST care to inform the development of fidelity criteria, and policy makers should consider whether roll out of such teams should be mandated.
Assessment of non-communicable diseases screening practices among university lecturers in Ghana – a cross sectional single centre study
Authors: Brenyah Joseph Kwasi , Kyei-Dompim Joan , Koranteng Tannor Elliot , Twum Peter , Boakye Okyere Portia , Gyapong-Korsah Barbara , Brenyah Florence , Agyare Christian 
Published: June 2023

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. In low-income settings, some NCDs are without symptoms so regular screening for early detection is key. However, routine screening for NCDs is limited in the general public and even among the elite. We therefore set out to assess health screening practices among lecturers in a university in Ghana. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 205 lecturers in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology from February to August 2022. A questionnaire was used to gather data from both male and female university lecturers based on their self-reported declaration of being male or female. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: We found that, 41 (20.0%) lecturers (both men and women) had never checked their blood pressure (BP), 140 (68.3%) check their BP twice a month and 24 (11.7%) do so more than 3 times a month. Overall, 105 (57.18%) lecturers have high BP (>120 mmHg, >80 mmHg). Among the lecturers with hypertension, 59 (50.9%) often checked their BP each month, whereas 22 (18.97%) did not. The study found that, 164 (80%) of the lecturers have never checked their blood sugar level since they assumed lectureship position. Among the lecturers who check their blood sugar, 78 (47.55) are not happy with their blood sugar levels. Lecturer’s age (40 to 49 years) was found to be associated with BP in the bivariate analysis (p=0.036), but not in the multivariate analysis (p=0.114). In the bivariate analyses, female lecturers were found to have a higher risk (OR 1.35; 95% CI 0.29-6.21) of developing hypertension compared to male lecturers. Conclusions: The study has revealed that lecturers, just like the general population have moderate health care checks. The need to setup occupational health therapy units in all universities is overdue.
Quality of life among patients with chronic heart failure in Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Hoang Huy , Tran Ly Thi Hai , Nguyen Nguyet Thi , Mai Anh Thi Lan 
Published: June 2023

Background: This study aimed to assess the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure (HF) to improve their treatment and care. Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of life of 89 patients suffering from chronic heart failure and was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). In addition, the presence of depressive symptoms and perception of social support were also assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: Of the 89 HF patients, 53.9% were female and 46.1% were male. The mean age of 89 patients was 62.28±13.26 years old, of which 64% were 60 years old and older. The mean time that patients lived with HF was 8.49±4.59 years. The overall Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire mean score was high at 67.19±13.31 points. Regarding personal characteristics, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire scores were significantly higher in women vs men, widowed/divorced vs being married patients, and patients living alone vs living with family detailed (67.52±11.80 vs 66.80±15.02; p=0.032), (67.58±11.62 vs 65.27±20.11; p=0.000), and (73.3±14.95 vs 66.50±13.04; p=0.014), respectively. Regarding heart failure associated features, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire scores were significantly higher in patients living with longer heart failure, in more severity of Beck Depression Inventory-II, and lower levels of social support (all p-values of 0.000). Conclusions: The results of the study showed a poor quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure and raised concerns about improving the patients’ quality of life.
Common predators and factors influencing their abundance in Anopheles funestus aquatic habitats in rural south-eastern Tanzania
Authors: Mahenge Herieth H. , Muyaga Letus L. , Nkya Joel D. , Kifungo Khamis S. , Kahamba Najat F. , Ngowo Halfan S. , Kaindoa Emmanuel W. 
Published: June 2023

Background
The role of larval predators in regulating the Anopheles funestus population in various malaria-endemic countries remains relatively unknown. This study aimed to investigate the common predators that co-exist with Anopheles funestus group larvae and evaluate factors that influence their abundance in rural south-eastern Tanzania.

Methods
Mosquito larvae and predators were sampled concurrently using standard dipper (350 ml) or 10 L bucket in previously identified aquatic habitats in selected villages in southern Tanzania. Predators and mosquito larvae were identified using standard identification keys. All positive habitats were geo-located and their physical features characterized. Water physicochemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and temperature were also recorded.

Results
A total of 85 previously identified An. funestus aquatic habitats in nine villages were sampled for larvae and potential predators. A total of 8,295 predators were sampled. Of these Coenagrionidae 57.7% (n = 4785), Corixidae 12.8% (n = 1,060), Notonectidae 9.9% (n = 822), Aeshnidae 4.9% (n = 405), Amphibian 4.5% (n = 370), Dytiscidae 3.8% (n = 313) were common. A total of 5,260 mosquito larvae were sampled, whereby Anopheles funestus group were 60.3% (n = 3,170), Culex spp. 24.3% (n = 1,279), An. gambie s.l. 8.3% (n = 438) and other anophelines 7.1% (n = 373). Permanent and aquatic habitats larger than 100m2 were positively associated with An. funestus group larvae (P<0.05) and predator abundance (P<0.05). Habitats with submerged vegetation were negatively associated with An. funestus group larvae (P<0.05). Only dissolved oxygen (DO) was positively and significantly affect the abundance of An. funestus group larvae (P<0.05). While predators’ abundance was not impacted by all physicochemical parameters.

Conclusion
Six potential predator families were common in aquatic habitats of An. funestus group larvae. Additional studies are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of different predators on larval density and adult fitness traits. Interventions leveraging the interaction between mosquitoes and predators can be established to disrupt the transmission potential and survival of the An. funestus mosquitoes.
E-commerce and Online Dispute Resolution in Hong Kong
Authors: Lin Yang 
Published: June 2023

This article critically examines the development of online dispute resolution (ODR) in Hong Kong, focusing on the Electronic Business Related Arbitration and Mediation System International Online Dispute Resolution Centre Limited (eBRAM). As an independent, not-for-profit organization, eBRAM offers a platform for resolving disputes among micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). The article explores eBRAM’s potential impact on local MSMEs and legal professionals, Hong Kong’s position as an international business hub, and its complementarity with existing dispute resolution providers.
Keywords: ODR; eBram; LawTech; Hong Kong.
Tikanga and the Law Wānanga
Authors: Doogan Judge Michael 
Published: June 2023

Tikanga Māori is increasingly influencing the law of New Zealand, in every jurisdiction. The Environment Court is becoming more concerned with issues which necessitate knowledge of different tikanga Māori, matauranga Māori and Te Reo Māori. The following is a discussion on how tikanga affects the incorporation of Treaty of Waitangi and Māori concepts in the Resource Management Act 1991. It then moves to how and to what extent the Environment Court can consider relational and mana whenua issues. And lastly, Judge Doogan gives insights from a Māori Land Court, Waitangi Tribunal and Environment Court judge for practitioners on understanding tikanga issues and working with Māori collectives.
Keywords: Environment Court; Māori Land Court; Waitangi Tribunal; Resource Management Act 1991; Lex Aotearoa; Te Reo; tikanga; mātauranga; mana whenua; procedure; advocacy.
Perceived Organizational Support and Job Embeddedness in Startup Employees
Authors: Khusna Faridatul , Suseno Miftahun Ni'mah 
Published: June 2023

Job embeddedness has proven to have an effect on the effectiveness and productivity of companies, including startups. Employees who have job embeddedness in their work tend to feel more attached to colleagues, work and the organization and express attachment by maintaining organizational membership in the workplace.This study analyzes the perceived organizational support and job embeddedness. The subjects in this study were 105 employees at a startup company in Yogyakarta. Sampling using random sampling technique. Data were collected job embeddedness scale and perceived organizational support scale. The data analysis method uses correlation techniques and the results, there is a positive relationship between perceived organizational support and job embeddedness in startup employees. One way that companies can use to improve job embeddedness is to provide positive support for employees. The perception of organizational support has an important role in increasing employee job embeddedness.Keterikatan kerja terbukti berpengaruh pada efektifitas dan produktifitas perusahaan, termasuk startup. Karyawan yang memiliki job embeddedness dalam pekerjaan cenderung merasa lebih melekat pada kolega, pekerjaan dan organisasi dan mengekspresikan keterikatan dengan mempertahankan keanggotaan organisasi di tempat kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan persepsi dukungan organisasi dengan keterikatan kerja. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 105 karyawan di salah satu perusahaan startup di Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua alat ukur, yaitu skala keterikatan kerja dan skala persepsi dukungan organisasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan teknik korelasi dan hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif antara persepsi dukungan dengan job embeddedness pada karyawan startup. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan oleh perusahaan untuk meningkatkan job embeddednes adalah memberikan dukungan positif terhadap karyawan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dukungan organisasi memiliki peranan penting dalam meningkatkan Keterikatan kerja pada karyawan.
Regulating Digital Platforms: the European Experience with Financial Return Crowdfunding
Authors: Valiante Diego 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

854
Despite a pandemic, crowdfunding continues to be a growing source of finance for small businesses across the EU. This article discusses nature and business typology of digital platforms that raise funds from the crowd. In the effort to support the ongoing uptake of new technologies in financial services, the first harmonised regime for the intermediation of financial instruments and loans to businesses via digital crowdfunding platforms has recently entered into application and promises to change the landscape of this financial service in the years to come. The new policy framework creates a robust EU-wide license, with requirements that support integration with social media, as well as the progressive creation of pan-European one-stop-shop platforms that offer multiple funding tools. Moreover, the regime also tests new boundaries in investor protection and behavioural finance, with the introduction of a system of warnings, targeted transparency on multiple levels and a conflict-of-interest framework to ensure that the platform acts as a risk neutral gatekeeper. The jury is still out and there are a number of unknowns, as this new framework will have to face the reality of well-established legal and supervisory national obstacles in its implementation.