bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of various hyperopia intervention levels on male college students’ gait kinematics
Authors: Zeng Zhaohong , Xue Aochuan , Wang Huihui , Zha Xianjun , Ji Zhongqiu 
Published: June 2023

Background: Hyperopia is a common blurred vision phenomenon that affects postural control in gait; however, current research has focused on the alteration and correction of hyperopia’s physiological characteristics, ignoring the effect of hyperopia on gait kinematic characteristics. The effect of hyperopia on the basic form of movement walking is a worthy concern.Objective: To investigate the gait kinematic characteristics of male college students with varying degrees of visual acuity (normal vision, hyperopia 150°, and hyperopia 450°), as well as to provide a theoretical foundation for the effect of visual acuity on gait and fall risk reduction.Methods: Twenty-two male college students with normal visual acuity were chosen. Their vision was tested using a standard visual acuity logarithm table at normal and with 150° and 450° concave lenses. Gait kinematic data were collected under normal vision and hyperopic conditions using the PN3 Pro advanced inertial motion capture system and Axis Studio application program.Results and conclusion: 1. The change of center of gravity in Pre-double support was smaller than normal vision; Late-single support and Late-swing was larger than normal vision; 2. The percentage of the double-leg support decreased; the percentage of the single-leg support and the Late-swing increased; 3. For the joints’ range of motion, Trunk flexion and extension range of motion in Pre-single support, Late-double support and Pre-swing smaller than normal visual acuity, and Late-swing larger than normal; hip internal abduction and adduction and internal and external rotation are larger than normal vision in Late-single support; knee and ankle in abduction and adduction direction are larger than normal vision in the swing stage; hip flexion and extension, internal external rotation are larger than normal vision in the swing stage. Hyperopic interventions have an impact on the kinematic characteristics of gait in male college students, mainly in terms of altered balance, increased instability, increased difficulty in maintaining trunk stability, and increased risk of injury.
Utilization of primary and secondary biochemical compounds in cotton as diagnostic markers for measuring resistance to cotton leaf curl virus
Authors: Chauhan Prashant , Mehta Naresh , Chauhan R. S. , Kumar Abhishek , Singh Harbinder , Lal Milan Kumar , Tiwari Rahul Kumar , Kumar Ravinder 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) is one of the most important staple fibrous crops cultivated in India and globally. However, its production and quality are greatly hampered by cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical mechanisms associated with CLCuD resistance in contrasting cotton genotypes.MethodsFour commercial cotton varieties with susceptible (HS 6 and RCH-134 BG-II) and resistant (HS 1236 and Bunty) responses were used to analyze the role of primary (sugar, protein, and chlorophyll) and secondary (gossypol, phenol, and tannin) biochemical compounds produced by the plants against infection by CLCuV. The resistant cultivars with increased activity of protein, phenol, and tannin exhibited biochemical barriers against CLCuV infection, imparting resistance in cotton cultivars.ResultsReducing sugar in the healthy plants of the susceptible Bt cultivar RCH 134 BG-II exhibited the highest value of 1.67 mg/g at 90 days. In contrast, the lowest value of 0.07 mg g-1was observed at 60 DAS in the highly diseased plants of the susceptible hybrid HS 6. Higher phenol content (0.70 mg g-1) was observed at 90 DAS in resistant cultivars, whereas highly susceptible plants exhibited the least phenol (0.25 mg g-1) at 90 DAS. The lowest protein activity was observed at 120 DAS in susceptible cultivars HS 6 (9.4 mg g-1) followed by RCH 134 BG-II (10.5 mg g-1). However, other biochemical compounds, including chlorophyll, sugar, and gossypol, did not show a significant role in resistance against CLCuV. The disease progression analysis in susceptible cultivars revealed non-significant differences between the two susceptible varieties.DiscussionNevertheless, these compounds are virtually associated with the basic physiological and metabolic mechanisms of cotton plants. Among the primary biochemical compounds, only protein activity was proposed as the first line of defense in cotton against CLCuV. The secondary level of defense line in resistance showed the activity of secondary biochemical compounds phenol and tannins, which displayed a significant increase in their levels while imparting resistance against CLCuV in cotton.
Effect of type of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs on depression and anxiety of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Baghdadi Leena R. , Alhassan Mohammed K. , Alotaibi Fawaz H. , Alsuwaida Anas A. , Shehadah Ali E. , Alzahrani Mohammed T. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) can cause depression and anxiety. This study evaluated the factors associated with depression and anxiety in patients with RA and examined the effect of conventional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in a regional hospital in Riyadh between March and November 2022 and included 213 patients with RA. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and data about patients’ DMARDs use was obtained from the hospital’s medical records.ResultsBased on the HADS scores, 35 (16.4%) and 49 (23%) patients with RA had depression and anxiety, respectively. There was a significant association between the level of depression and anxiety and the use of leflunomide and tocilizumab among patients with RA (p = 0.006 and p = 0.009, respectively). Patients with RA who took leflunomide had significantly higher scores for anxiety (β = 0.158, value of p = 0.037) when compared to patients who did not take leflunomide. Patients with RA who took etanercept showed a significantly lower depression score even after adjusting for confounders, including sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors (β = −0.189, p = 0.043).ConclusionThe present study highlighted the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients with RA and the level of depression and anxiety may differ between patients with RA depending on the type of DMARDs used. We recommend patients with RA be screened regularly for depression and anxiety to avoid further extra-articular systemic complications associated with RA.
Burnout and resilience at work among health professionals serving in tertiary hospitals, in Ethiopia
Authors: Gelaw Yared Mulu , Hanoch Kashtan , Adini Bruria 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe quality of healthcare service is strongly affected by the health professionals’ levels of burnout and resilience at work (RaW). Developing resilience is a key component of medical professionalism. Although burnout and resilience are indicators used to assess the level of workplace hardship, there is a dearth of information in most developing countries, including Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo assess the levels of burnout and ‘resilience at work’ among health professionals who work in the surgical care departments in teaching Ethiopian hospitals.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was applied among health professionals employed in surgical, gynecologic, and obstetric (Gyn/Obs) departments of two acute-care hospitals (n = 388). A structured self-administered English version questionnaire, consisting of validated scales to measure RaW and burnout, was used to collect the data;22 items of Maslach’s burnout inventory human service survey tool and 20 items of Win wood’s resilience at work’ measuring tool” was employed to assess the health professionals’ burnout level and Resilience at work, respectively. Linear logistics regression was employed for inferential statistical analysis to identify factors that predict RaW and burnout.ResultsBurnout syndrome was shown among 101 (26.0%) study participants. Furthermore, 205 (52.8%), 150 (38.7%), and 125 (32.2%) participants presented high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment, respectively. Emotional exhaustion was predicted by the participants’ profession, the hope of promotion, professional recognition, and workload. Depersonalization was predicted by age, profession, and perceived workload of the participants. The predictors for personal accomplishment were profession, relationship at work, professional recognition, and having a managerial position in addition to clinical duty. The participants’ mean RaW score was 78.36 (Standard deviation ±17.78). A negative association was found between RaW and emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. In contrast, a positive association was identified between RaW and personal accomplishment. The type of profession and marital status were positive predictors of RaW.ConclusionA substantial amount of health professionals experience high burnout in one or more burnout dimensions. Level of RaW is more affected by burnout syndrome. Therefore, promoting activities that increase the level of professional RaW and recognition in their professional practice is needed to reduce job burnout. These findings are especially important concerning low socio-economic countries, as resilience is a vital component of the development of healthcare systems.
Understanding multimorbidity requires sign-disease networks and higher-order interactions, a perspective
Authors: Hourican Cillian , Peeters Geeske , Melis René J.F. , Wezeman Sandra L. , Gill Thomas M. , Olde Rikkert Marcel G.M. , Quax Rick 
Published: June 2023

Background: Count scores, disease clustering, and pairwise associations between diseases remain ubiquitous in multimorbidity research despite two major shortcomings: they yield no insight into plausible mechanisms underlying multimorbidity, and they ignore higher-order interactions such as effect modification.Objectives: We argue that two components are currently missing but vital to develop novel multimorbidity metrics. Firstly, networks should be constructed which consists simultaneously of signs, symptoms, and diseases, since only then could they yield insight into plausible shared biological mechanisms underlying diseases. Secondly, learning pairwise associations is insufficient to fully characterize the correlations in a system. That is, synergistic (e.g., cooperative or antagonistic) effects are widespread in complex systems, where two or more elements combined give a larger or smaller effect than the sum of their individual effects. It can even occur that pairs of symptoms have no pairwise associations whatsoever, but in combination have a significant association. Therefore, higher-order interactions should be included in networks used to study multimorbidity, resulting in so-called hypergraphs.Methods: We illustrate our argument using a synthetic Bayesian Network model of symptoms, signs and diseases, composed of pairwise and higher-order interactions. We simulate network interventions on both individual and population levels and compare the ground-truth outcomes with the predictions from pairwise associations.Conclusion: We find that, when judged purely from the pairwise associations, interventions can have unexpected “side-effects” or the most opportune intervention could be missed. The hypergraph uncovers links missed in pairwise networks, giving a more complete overview of sign and disease associations.
Applying the Action Principle of Classical Mechanics to the Thermodynamics of the Troposphere
Authors: Kennedy Ivan R. , Hodzic Migdat 
Published: June 2023

Advances in applied mechanics have facilitated a better understanding of the recycling of heat and work in the troposphere. This goal is important to meet practical needs for better management of climate science. Achieving this objective may require the application of quantum principles in action mechanics, recently employed to analyze the reversible thermodynamics of Carnot’s heat engine cycle. The testable proposals suggested here seek to solve several problems including (i) the phenomena of decreasing temperature and molecular entropy but increasing Gibbs energy with altitude in the troposphere; (ii) a reversible system storing thermal energy to drive vortical wind flow in anticyclones while frictionally warming the Earth’s surface by heat release from turbulence; (iii) vortical generation of electrical power from translational momentum in airflow in wind farms; and (iv) vortical energy in the destructive power of tropical cyclones. The scalar property of molecular action (@t ≡ ∫mvds, J-sec) is used to show how equilibrium temperatures are achieved from statistical equality of mechanical torques (mv2 or mr2ω2); these are exerted by Gibbs field quanta for each kind of gas phase molecule as rates of translational action (d@t/dt ≡ ∫mr2ωdϕ/dt ≡ mv2). These torques result from the impulsive density of resonant quantum or Gibbs fields with molecules, configuring the trajectories of gas molecules while balancing molecular pressure against the density of field energy (J/m3). Gibbs energy fields contain no resonant quanta at zero Kelvin, with this chemical potential diminishing in magnitude as the translational action of vapor molecules and quantum field energy content increases with temperature. These cases distinguish symmetrically between causal fields of impulsive quanta (Σhν) that energize the action of matter and the resultant kinetic torques of molecular mechanics (mv2). The quanta of these different fields display mean wavelengths from 10−4 m to 1012 m, with radial mechanical advantages many orders of magnitude greater than the corresponding translational actions, though with mean quantum frequencies (v) similar to those of radial Brownian movement for independent particles (ω). Widespread neglect of the Gibbs field energy component of natural systems may be preventing advances in tropospheric mechanics. A better understanding of these vortical Gibbs energy fields as thermodynamically reversible reservoirs for heat can help optimize work processes on Earth, delaying the achievement of maximum entropy production from short-wave solar radiation being converted to outgoing long-wave radiation to space. This understanding may improve strategies for management of global changes in climate.
Precision Tailoring Quasi-BIC Resonance of a-Si:H Metasurfaces
Authors: Kuppadakkath Athira , Barreda Ángela , Ghazaryan Lilit , Bucher Tobias , Koshelev Kirill , Pertsch Thomas , Szeghalmi Adriana , Choi Duk , Staude Isabelle , Eilenberger Falk 
Published: June 2023

The capability of tailoring the resonance wavelength of metasurfaces is important as it can alleviate the manufacturing precision required to produce the exact structure according to the design of the nanoresonators. Tuning of Fano resonances by applying heat has been theoretically predicted in the case of silicon metasurfaces. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the permanent tailoring of quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC) resonance wavelength in an a-Si:H metasurface and quantitatively analyze the modification in the Q-factor with gradual heating. A gradual increment in temperature leads to a spectral shift in the resonance wavelength. With the support of ellipsometry measurements, the spectral shift resulting from the short-duration (ten minutes) heating is identified to be due to refractive index variations in the material rather than a geometric effect or amorphous/polycrystalline phase transition. In the case of quasi-BIC modes in the near-infrared, resonance wavelength could be adjusted from T = 350 °C to T = 550 °C without affecting the Q-factor considerably. Apart from the temperature-induced resonance trimming, large Q-factors can be attained at the highest analyzed temperature (T = 700 °C) in the near-infrared quasi-BIC modes. Resonance tailoring is just one of the possible applications of our results. We expect that our study is also insightful in the design of a-Si:H metasurfaces where large Q-factors are required at high temperatures.
Integrative Taxonomy of Armeria Taxa (Plumbaginaceae) Endemic to Sardinia and Corsica
Authors: Tiburtini Manuel , Bacchetta Gianluigi , Sarigu Marco , Cambria Salvatore , Caputo Paolo , De Luca Daniele , Domina Gianniantonio , Turini Alessia , Peruzzi Lorenzo 
Published: June 2023

Sardinia and Corsica are two Mediterranean islands where the genus Armeria is represented by 11 taxa, 10 out of which are endemic. An integrative approach, using molecular phylogeny, karyology, and seed and plant morphometry was used to resolve the complex taxonomy and systematics in this group. We found that several taxa are no longer supported by newly produced data. Accordingly, we describe a new taxonomic hypothesis that only considers five species: Armeria leucocephala and A. soleirolii, endemic to Corsica, and A. morisii, A. sardoa, and A. sulcitana, endemic to Sardinia.
Multifaceted intervention to increase the delivery of alcohol brief interventions in primary care: a mixed-methods process analysis
Authors: Sturgiss Elizabeth , Advocat Jenny , Lam Tina , Nielsen Suzanne , Ball Lauren , Gunatillaka Nilakshi , Martin Catherine , Barton Chris , Tam Chun Wah Michael , Skouteris Helen , Mazza Danielle , Russell Grant 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundBrief interventions (BIs) are effective for reducing harmful alcohol consumption, but their use in primary care is less frequent than clinically indicated. The REducing AlCohol- related Harm (REACH) project aimed to increase the delivery of BIs in primary care.AimTo assess the effectiveness of the REACH programme in increasing alcohol BIs in general practice and explore the implementation factors that improve or reduce uptake by clinicians.Design and settingThis article reports on a sequential, explanatory mixed-methods study of the implementation of the REACH project in six general practice clinics serving low-income communities in Melbourne, Australia.MethodTime-series analyses were conducted using routinely collected patient records and semi-structured interviews, guided by the consolidated framework for implementation research.ResultsThe six intervention sites significantly increased their rate of recorded alcohol status (56.7% to 60.4%), whereas there was no significant change in the non-intervention practices (344 sites, 55.2% to 56.4%).ConclusionREACH resources were seen as useful and acceptable by clinicians and staff. National policies that support the involvement of primary care in alcohol harm reduction helped promote ongoing intervention sustainability.
Onestep Footwear Public relations Campaign Planning as an Eco-Friendly Brand
Authors: Sulma Nur Yasmin , Simatupang Yunita Permatasari , Bethari Andita Putri 
Published: June 2023

This article aims to find out how to plan a public relations campaign to increase public awareness of shoe sole waste. Problems are focused on the degree of excess, disadvantages, opportunities and threats over shoe sole litter. In order to approach this problem, theoretical references from persuasive communication, public relations, campaigns and environmentally friendly products are used. The data was collected through input from the SWOT matrix in the form of questionnaire results that had been filled out by Onestep Footwear and analyzed qualitatively. This study concluded that overall, the shoe campaign for Bumi collaborated with one of the local shoe Brands from Bandung called Onestep Footwear. With this campaign, it is hoped that there will be an increase in public awareness of environmental pollution caused by shoe sole waste, and the emergence of a sense to continue to protect the environment by using environmentally friendly shoes, such as Onestep Footwear.
Self-Efficacy as A Factor of Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Deliana Marlina 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze entrepreneurial intention that is influenced by self-efficacy owned by a person based on the theory proposed by Bandura. Self-efficacy beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves and behave. Such beliefs produce diverse effects through four main processes namely cognitive, motivational, affective, and selection processes. Self-efficacy can be developed by four main sources; Personal Experience, Role Model, Social Persuasion, and Psychological and Emotional Conditions Entrepreneurial intention has a relationship to a person's behavior. Self-Efficacy is closely related to actions that are influenced by one's feelings, way of thinking, and motivation. Self-efficacy possessed by a person can determine how a person can take opportunities with the abilities possessed. The determining factors of success and failure and how a person can immediately rise from failure are also greatly influenced by the self-efficacy possessed. The determination of one's career and desire to succeed and succeed depends on the self-efficacy a person has, including the desire to start a business. The higher a person's self-efficacy, the higher the chance of the person being able to decide whether his desire will be successfully achieved or not based on the abilities possessed.
ESTIMATION OF MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION OF ANTIBIOTICS USING MICRO-TITER PLATE METHOD FOR NATIVE MULTI DRUG RESISTANT GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA
Authors: Ibrahim Kanwal , Saeed Asma , Khalil Sadia , Alam Amna 
Published: June 2023

Gram-negative bacteria were collected from different clinical labs situated in Karachi. Of these 83 isolates, 99% were found resistant against one or more of the following antibiotics: ampicillin, co-amoxiclav, gentamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Most of the isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) having resistance to three or more antibiotics at a time. For ampicillin, 4.8% of the isolates were found Susceptible, 3.6% were Intermediate while 91.5% were found Resistant. For co-amoxiclav, 1.2% of the isolates were found Susceptible, 6% were Intermediate while 92.7% were found Resistant. For gentamicin, 3.6% of the isolates were found Susceptible, 10.8% were Intermediate while 86.7% were found Resistant. For neomycin, 21.6% of the isolates were found Susceptible, 40.9% were Intermediate while 43.4% were found Resistant. For streptomycin, 1.2% of the isolates were found Susceptible, 18% were Intermediate while 91.6% were found Resistant. For tetracycline, 15.7% of the isolates were found Susceptible, 45.7% were Intermediate while 53% were found Resistant. The study confirmed the presence of multidrug resistance in indigenous clinical gram-negative bacteria which is an alarming situation and needs development of effective alternative strategies for the treatment of infections.