bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering In Vitro Organ‐Structured Tumor Model for Evaluating Neoantigen‐Specific T Cell Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Jingyu , Wang Fei , Hu Xiaoyan , Li Dongli , Liu Geng , Xu Qumiao , Chen Chao , Xiang Haitao , Dong Xuan , Zhu Linnan , Yang Dishuang , Gao Yanan , Wang Meijuan , Luo Yonglun , Chao Cheng‐Chi , Li Guanglei , Guo Qiongyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNeoantigens derived from somatic mutations in cancer cells can induce antigen‐specific T‐cell immune response for cancer immunotherapy. However, the 3D models for assessing neoepitope immunogenicity and efficacy of anti‐tumor T‐cell immune response to neoantigens are less than perfect. Here, a 3D tumor model based on recellularized liver matrix is leveraged with HepG2 cells to investigate T cell cytotoxic reactivity toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) neoantigens. The whole exome sequencing (WES) data of 364 HCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas database are collected and 25 highly potential immunogenic neoantigens to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐A*02:01 molecule in silico are predicted. Six of the HCC neoantigen candidates are functionally validated with high immunogenicity by measuring cellular interferon‐γ secretion and cytotoxicity during neoantigen‐specific T‐cell immune responses in vitro. Then, the minigene of six functionally identified neoantigen peptides is constructed and the minigene‐modified GFP‐HepG2 cells are generated. Neoantigen‐specific immune response is observed with highly secreted Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, and PD‐1 when targeting the minigene‐modified GFP‐HepG2 cells in the 3D RLM HCC tumor model. Overall, the 3D RLM tumor model provides a novel strategy for preclinical assessment of the efficacy of neoantigen‐specific T cell immune response, which helps develop personalized cancer vaccines and immunotherapy treatments for HCC patients.
NHC‐Catalyzed Radical Tandem Cyclization/Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of 2‐Pyrrolidinone Derivatives
Authors: Zhou Nengneng , Wang Lei , Zhao Fangli , Gao Xiang , Zhao Xiaowei , Zhang Man 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel strategy for synthesizing structurally diverse 2‐pyrrolidinons by a NHC‐catalyzed tandem radical cyclization process has been developed. This reaction proceeds through a radical coupling approach, which not only shows broad substrate scope with excellent functional group compatibility but also is quite compatible with the secondary and tertiary radicals. By using this protocol, various potentially bioactive 2‐pyrrolidinons were facilely synthesized.
Is this the end of dried blood spots as we know it?
Authors: Halvorsen Trine Grønhaug , Reubsaet Léon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn 2017 integrated sampling and sample preparation for simplified liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis of proteins from dried blood spots were introduced. The concept, called smart samplers or smart sampling, enables proteolysis or affinity clean‐up, two common sample preparation steps in liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometric bioanalysis of proteins, to start at the moment of sampling. The idea is to utilize the time for sampling and drying to perform these time‐consuming and labour‐intensive steps. Hence, only a simplified sample preparation is necessary after the arrival of the sample in the lab. In this perspective, we present an overview of the smart sampling approach where the conventional protein analysis workflow is reshuffled to start already prior to arrival in the lab. In addition, we present a thorough discussion of integrating sample preparation steps such as proteolysis or affinity capture in the sampling. Finally, in the end, we try to answer the question if conventional dried blood spots will become obsolete in the future.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and its changes predict the 3‐month outcome and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Wu Qiong , Chen Hui‐Sheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been demonstrated as a prognostic inflammatory biomarker in ischemic stroke. The study aimed to investigate the association of NLR and its dynamic change with long‐term outcome and mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).MethodsFrom a prospective cohort, AIS patients receiving IVT (alteplase, 0.9 mg/kg) with complete NLR data were retrospectively screened. Based on 3‐month modified Rankin scale score (mRS), patients were classified into good group (mRS 0–1) and poor outcome group (mRS 2–6), or survival group (mRS 0–5) and death group (mRS 6). Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating curve were used to identify prognostic factors and their predictive powers.ResultsA total of 259 eligible patients were enrolled in our study. Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR at 24 h (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.182), 12 days (aOR 1.218) after IVT was independent predictors of 3‐month outcome with the AUC of 0.815, 0.820, respectively, whereas NLR at 24 h (aOR 1.17), 12 days (aOR 1.252) after IVT and percentage changes of NLR between admission and 24 h after IVT (aOR 1.214), and between admission and 12 days after IVT (aOR 1.233) were independent predictors of 3‐month mortality with the AUCs of 0.86, 0.902, 0.814, and 0.855, respectively.ConclusionThe comprehensive report suggests that NLR and its dynamic changes are associated with 3‐month outcome and mortality in AIS patients after IVT with good predictive powers.
Novel arm‐width‐expandable transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair system: Preclinical experiment and first‐in‐human study
Authors: Long Yuliang , Li Wei , Chen Shasha , Li Mingfei , Hou Shiqiang , Pan Cuizhen , Zhou Daxin , Pan Wenzhi , Ge Junbo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe ValveClasp system is a novel transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) device with an arm‐width‐expandable clip that allows treatment of patients with only one clip more frequently.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel TEER device in porcine models and patients.MethodsFourteen young adult pigs were enrolled. A clip with an expanded arm was implanted under epicardial echocardiography and fluoroscopy guidance. Five patients with at least moderate‐to‐severe mitral regurgitation underwent TEER using the ValveClasp system to test the safety and effectiveness of the device.ResultsThe device success rate was 100% (14/14) in the animal experiments, and all clips were deployed at the A2P2 segments, forming a double‐orifice mitral valve. Gross observations on day 180 showed a wide and continuous tissue bridge between the leaflets. The acute procedural success rate was 100% (5/5). Only one clip was required in all patients, and all achieved effective postoperative endpoints (grade ≤2+). During 30‐day follow‐up, no adverse events occurred. All patients' vena Contracta width (from 8.04 0.71 mm to 3.84 ± 1.18 mm, p = 0.012), mitral regurgitation area (from 12.75 ± 3.13 cm2 to 3.50 ± 1.66 cm2, p = 0.008), and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (from 52.00 ± 2.92 mm to 46.00 ± 3.08 mm, p = 0.040) were considerably decreased, without obvious mitral stenosis.ConclusionsThe novel arm‐width‐expandable ValveClasp device is safe for TEER for treating severe mitral regurgitation.
Escalation strategies, management, and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction‐cardiogenic shock patients receiving percutaneous left ventricular support
Authors: Patlolla Sri Harsha , Gilbert Olivia N. , Belford Peter M. , Morris Benjamin N. , Jentzer Jacob C. , Pisani Barbara A. , Applegate Robert J. , Zhao David X. , Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited national‐level data on the contemporary practices of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) use in acute myocardial infarction‐cardiogenic shock (AMI‐CS).MethodsWe utilized the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project‐National/Nationwide Inpatient Sample data (2005–2017) to identify adult admissions (>18 years) with AMI‐CS. MCS devices were classified as intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP), percutaneous left ventricular assist devices (pLVAD), or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We evaluated trends in the initial device used (IABP alone, pLVAD alone or ≥2 MCS devices), device escalation, bridging to durable LVAD/heart transplantation, and predictors of in‐hospital mortality and device escalation.ResultsAmong 327,283 AMI‐CS admissions, 131,435 (40.2%) had an MCS device placed with available information on timing of placement. IABP, pLVAD, and ≥2 MCS devices were used as initial device in 120,928 (92.0%), 8202 (6.2%), and 2305 (1.7%) admissions, respectively. Most admissions were maintained on the initial MCS device with 1%–1.5% being escalated (IABP to pLVAD/ECMO, pLVAD to ECMO). Urban, medium, and large‐sized hospitals and acute multiorgan failure were significant independent predictors of MCS escalation. In admissions receiving MCS, escalation of MCS device was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 1.56, 95% confidence interval: 1.38–1.75; p < 0.001). Admissions receiving durable LVAD/heart transplantation increased over time in those initiated on pLVAD and ≥2 MCS devices, resulting in lower in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionsIn this 13‐year study, escalation of MCS in AMI‐CS was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality suggestive of higher acuity of illness. The increase in number of durable LVAD/heart transplantations alludes to the role of MCS as successful bridge strategies.
Copper and Cobalt Co‐catalyzed Selective Electrooxidation of Phenol to p‐Benzoquinone Under Mild Conditions
Authors: Xu Weizhuo , Sun Yue , Li Ning , Liu Wei , Zhang Z. Conrad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelective oxidation is still a challenge for targeted conversion of biomass derived substance to high‐value added products. Herein we report an efficient electrochemical strategy to transform phenol into p‐benzoquinone, by tandem oxidations of CuSO4 and CoSO4 catalysts in an electrolyte. Co3+ generated at the anode from oxidation of Co2+ diffuses to the solution and reacts with phenol to form hydroquinone, which is subsequently oxidized by Cu2+ in the solution selectively to p‐benzoquinone. The active metal ions (Cu2+ and Co3+) are continuously regenerated at the anode through electrooxidation and the targeted p‐benzoquinone is accumulated in the electrolyte solution. The Ultraviolet‐visible spectra and electrochemical test results reveal that Cu2+ reacts with hydroquinone immediately, and p‐benzoquinone remains stable in CuSO4 solution. By optimizing catalyst concentrations and reaction temperatures (0.2 M CuSO4, 0.005 M CoSO4 and 50 °C), the highest p‐benzoquinone yield was improved to 47 %. The developed copper‐cobalt co‐catalyzed system provides a promising approach to selectively prepare high‐value benzoquinone compounds under mild reaction conditions.
An Experimental Method to Determine the Measurement Error of Reference Electrodes within Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Rutz Daniel , Brauchle Felix , Stehle Philipp , Bauer Ingolf , Jacob Timo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReference electrodes (REs) play a crucial role in the accurate assessment and control of battery potentials, but their confidence is overestimated. Researchers have tracked the source of the error to the RE design that blocks the lithium‐ion path between anode and cathode. These errors or potential deviations are mostly modeled or less‐frequently estimated after observing Li plating post‐mortem. This is the first study to showcase an experimental method that allows a more precise error quantification in‐operando of a RE. The key idea is to relate the error‐affected reference potential to an unaffected quantity, such as the cell dilatation. Although our experimental setups are special, this approach can also be applied to different setups and REs. Using the presented method, we provoked Li plating in NMC811/graphite pouch cells and determined the potential deviation of our perforated RE to be 12 mV under fast charging conditions. In contrast to previous studies, we found the error to be positive, offering a new explanation of the error mechanism of REs.
Exploring the impacts of novel cold plasma technology on the volatile profile, flavor, and aroma properties of fruits and vegetables—A review
Authors: Abouelenein Doaa , Caprioli Giovanni , Mustafa Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCold plasma is a novel nonthermal technology that has recently numerous applications in the food industry. It destroys microorganisms, preserves food, and maintains quality without employing chemical antimicrobial agents. However, food processing by cold plasma (CP) can be associated with food quality challenges, so research on the applications of this technology and its effects on food quality are increasing. This paper reviews the effect of CP on the volatile profile, flavor, and aroma properties of fruits and vegetables. CP induces some chemical modifications in volatile compounds, and these changes vary with the CP operating conditions such as voltage, frequency, and treatment duration parameters and subsequently induces changes in the aroma and flavor of foods. The operating conditions may be properly controlled to avoid any unfavorable effects and provide more accepted food by focusing on the development of favorable flavor and aroma characteristics and reducing the incidence of undesirable ones. Also, more sophisticated techniques for sensory evaluation of processed foods should be developed and commercialized to get standardized outcomes. In conclusion, the data presented in this work highlight the possibility of flavor and aroma modifications and improvement of sensory quality in food products by using CP technology.
Use them or lose them: Are manipulatives needed to assess numeracy and geometry performance in preschool?
Authors: O'Rear Connor D. , Zippert Erica L. , Ehrman Patrick , Westerberg Lauren , Lonigan Christopher J. , Purpura David J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn two studies, we investigated whether using three‐dimensional (3D) manipulatives during assessment aided performance on a variety of preschool mathematics tasks compared to pictorial representations. On measures of children's understanding of counting and cardinality (n = 103), there was no difference in performance between manipulatives and pictures, with Bayes factors suggesting moderate evidence in favor of the null hypothesis. On a measure of children's shape identification (n = 93), there was no difference in performance between objects and pictures, with Bayes factors suggesting moderate evidence in favor of the null hypothesis. These results suggest flexibility in the materials that can be used during assessment. Pictures, or 2D renderings of 3D objects, which can be easily printed and reproduced, may be sufficient for assessing counting and shape knowledge without the need for more cumbersome concrete manipulatives.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial DNA polymerase and its contribution to the knowledge about human POLG‐related disorders
Authors: Gilea Alexandru Ionut , Magistrati Martina , Notaroberto Ilenia , Tiso Natascia , Dallabona Cristina , Baruffini Enrico 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost eukaryotes possess a mitochondrial genome, called mtDNA. In animals and fungi, the replication of mtDNA is entrusted by the DNA polymerase γ, or Pol γ. The yeast Pol γ is composed only of a catalytic subunit encoded by MIP1. In humans, Pol γ is a heterotrimer composed of a catalytic subunit homolog to Mip1, encoded by POLG, and two accessory subunits. In the last 25 years, more than 300 pathological mutations in POLG have been identified as the cause of several mitochondrial diseases, called POLG‐related disorders, which are characterized by multiple mtDNA deletions and/or depletion in affected tissues. In this review, at first, we summarize the biochemical properties of yeast Mip1, and how mutations, especially those introduced recently in the N‐terminal and C‐terminal regions of the enzyme, affect the in vitro activity of the enzyme and the in vivo phenotype connected to the mtDNA stability and to the mtDNA extended and point mutability. Then, we focus on the use of yeast harboring Mip1 mutations equivalent to the human ones to confirm their pathogenicity, identify the phenotypic defects caused by these mutations, and find both mechanisms and molecular compounds able to rescue the detrimental phenotype. A closing chapter will be dedicated to other polymerases found in yeast mitochondria, namely Pol ζ, Rev1 and Pol η, and to their genetic interactions with Mip1 necessary to maintain mtDNA stability and to avoid the accumulation of spontaneous or induced point mutations.
Sol‐Gel‐Syntheses and Structural as well as Electrical Characterizations of Anatase‐ and Rutile‐Type Solid Solutions in the System IrO2−TiO2
Authors: Reichert Daniel , Stöwe Klaus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper describes solid solutions in the quasibinary oxide system iridium‐titanium IrO2−TiO2 with rutile and anatase crystal structures. Based on X‐ray diffraction evaluations using Rietveld refinements, changes of lattice parameters were determined within the composition series of 0–100 mol % iridium. These changes prove the existence of a complete solid solution series in the rutile structure type. The solubility limit for iridium in the anatase lattice was found to be 6.0(8) mol % iridium for the underlying sol‐gel process. In addition, iridium is a promoter for the conversion from anatase to rutile type. Furthermore, the X‐ray diffraction results of a calcination temperature series for the composition with 5 mol % iridium are shown, which confirm the findings of the composition series and allow conclusions on the phase segregation behavior. The results are complemented by 2‐point conductivity measurements at different pressures in a piston press to investigate the question of the conductivity mechanism.
The potencies and neurotoxicity of intrathecal levobupivacaine in a rat spinal model: Effects of concentration
Authors: Gao Luyue , Yang Zhen , Zeng Sisi , Li Jiabei , Wang Na , Wang Fangjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study was aimed at examining the anesthetic effects and spinal cord injuries in the rats by intrathecal injection of levobupivacaine at different concentrations. Rats with successful intrathecal cannulation were selected and randomly divided into six groups (n = 72), and administered 0.1 mL of 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, or 0.75% levobupivacaine, saline or 5% lidocaine via intrathecal catheters. The potency of levobupivacaine was evaluated by walking behavior. To identify the motor and sensory function, walking behavior and paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) were measured once a day. After 7 days, the L4–5 spinal cord segments were removed for histological examination. The onset time of 0.125% levobupivacaine intrathecal injection was 70.0 ± 8.9 s, and the maintenance time was 9.5 ± 1.8 min. The onset time of 0.75% levobupivacaine intrathecal injection was significantly shortened to 31.0 ± 5.5 s, and the maintenance time was significantly extended to 31.3 ± 5.4 min. The severe injury was observed in the 5% lidocaine group, while milder injury was observed in the 0.75% levobupivacaine group. The damage in the 0.5% levobupivacaine group was mild, and there were no histological abnormalities in the 0.125%, 0.25% levobupivacaine and saline groups. The neurotoxicity of intrathecally administered levobupivacaine was concentration dependent. In addition, higher concentrations of levobupivacaine were associated with shorter onset and longer maintenance times. The clinical concentration of levobupivacaine should not exceed 0.5% to avoid potential damage.
Construction of an easy‐to‐use predictive model for ultrasound‐detected tophi to improve the detection of hidden tophi
Authors: Liu Wei , Guo Wen , Zhao Kaiping , Zang Qiang , Wu Husheng , Man Siliang , Li Hongchao , Zhang Liang , Song Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMusculoskeletal ultrasound is used in clinical practice to evaluate gout patients and is an effective imaging tool for the detection of tophi. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with ultrasound‐detected tophi in gout patients and to construct a clinical model to predict its occurrence and improve the detection of hidden tophi.MethodsData of gout patients admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021 were collected. The complete and detailed information from gout cases with completed musculoskeletal ultrasound was included in the analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent factors associated with ultrasound‐detected tophi. A nomogram was used to visualize the clinical predictive models.ResultsAmong 517 gout patients, rheumatologists found that 67 patients (13.0%) had subcutaneous tophi by visual observation, while musculoskeletal ultrasound revealed that 123 patients (23.8%) had ultrasound‐detected tophi with odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) = 2.20 (1.81–2.67). Disease duration, upper limb joint flare (ULJF), persistent joint pain (PJP), uric acid, and homocysteine levels were independently associated with ultrasound‐detected tophi, and they had ORs (95% CIs) of 1.092 (1.050–1.136), 3.732 (2.312–6.025), 1.864 (1.086–3.200), 1.003 (1.001–1.004), and 1.015 (1.000–1.030), respectively. After balancing the complexity and accuracy of the model, Model 2 (incorporating disease duration, ULJF, PJP, and uric acid) was chosen to create a nomogram to predict the occurrence of ultrasound‐detected tophi. The nomogram had good discrimination (consistency index [C‐index] = 0.774) and excellent calibration, demonstrated by calibration curves.ConclusionUsing easily available indicators, such as disease duration, the nature of the joint pain, and uric acid levels, we successfully developed an easy‐to‐use clinical model to improve the detection of hidden tophi.
Observer‐based sampled‐data control for networked systems with consecutive packet dropouts
Authors: Sun Hao‐Yuan , Han Hong‐Gui , Sun Jian , Qiao Jun‐Fei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the observer‐based sampled‐data control problem for networked systems with consecutive packet dropouts. A new consecutive packet dropout model is established to describe the phenomenon of packet dropout in both the sensor‐controller (S‐C) and controller‐actuator (C‐A) channels. First, the considered system with observer‐based control scheme is studied in the discrete‐time domain by using equivalent discretization transformation. In order to simplify subsequent analysis, matrix exponential computation is employed to transform the discrete‐time system into a more tractable form. Then, the proposed new consecutive packet dropout model is taken into consideration to establish the stochastic mean square exponential stability condition. Furthermore, a novel two‐step synthesis approach is used to design the observer‐based controller. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed observer‐based sampled‐data control approach is verified using a numerical example. In addition, the advantages of the proposed approach are validated through comparisons.