bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disentangling the two sub-populations of early Herbig Be stars using VLT/X-shooter spectra
Authors: Shridharan B. , Mathew B. , Arun R. , Cysil T. B. , Subramaniam A. , Manoj P. , Maheswar G. , Sudheesh T. P. 
Published: July 2023

Context. Early Herbig Be (HBe) stars are massive, young stars accreting through the boundary layer mechanism. However, given the rapid (<2 Myr) evolution of early Herbig stars to the main-sequence phase, studying the evolution of the circumstellar medium around these stars can be a cumbersome exercise.
Aims. In this work, we study the sample of early (B0–B5) HBe stars using the correlation between Hα emission strength and near–infrared excess, complemented by the analysis of various emission features in the X-shooter spectra.
Methods. We segregate the sample of 37 early HBe stars based on the median values of Hα equivalent width (EW) and near–infrared index (n(J–H)) distributions. The stars with |Hα EW| > 50 Å and n(J–H) > −2 are classified as intense HBe stars and stars with |Hα EW| < 50 Å and n(J–H) < −2 as weak HBe stars. Using the VLT/X–shooter spectra of five intense and eight weak HBe stars, we visually checked for the differences in intensity and profiles of various HI and metallic emission lines commonly observed in Herbig stars.
Results. We propose that the intense HBe stars possess an inner disk close to the star (as apparent from the high near-infrared excess) and an active circumstellar environment (as seen from the high Hα EW value and presence of emission lines belonging to FeII, CaII, OI, and [OI]). However, for weak HBe stars, the inner disk has cleared, and the circumstellar environment appears more evolved than for intense HBe stars. Furthermore, we compiled a sample of ~58 000 emission-line stars published in Gaia DR3 to identify more intense HBe candidates. Further spectroscopic studies of these candidates will help us to understand the evolution of the inner (approximately a few au) disk in early HBe stars.
Liebe am Nachmittag – Über dialogische Liebe und Verrat
Authors: Krebs Angelika 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungWie leicht darf man die Liebe nehmen? Mehrfachbeziehungen erfreuen sich großer Beliebtheit. Eine besondere Form romantischer Nichtexklusivität ist der Versuch, zwei oder mehr Liebesbeziehungen nebeneinander wie Module, die nichts miteinander zu tun haben, zu unterhalten. Plastisch vorgeführt findet sich modulare Liebe in der Kurzgeschichte «Die Nacht in Baden-Baden» von Bernhard Schlink. Meine These ist, dass diese Form von Mehrfachbeziehung auf Verrat hinausläuft, also unethisch ist. Die Basis meiner Kritik ist das dialogische Verständnis romantischer Liebe.
Wohnungslosigkeit bei psychisch erkrankten Menschen – Am
Beispiel einer wachsenden deutschen Großstadt
Authors: Koschig Maria , Böhm-Beck Martha , Conrad Ines , Seyde Thomas , Pabst Alexander , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie war die Darstellung der Entwicklung von
Wohnungslosigkeit bei psychisch Erkrankten am Beispiel einer wachsenden
deutschen Großstadt.
Methodik Datengrundlage bildeten Angaben von acht Psychosozialen
Gemeindezentren (PSGZ). Über den Zeitraum von 2008 bis 2019 wurde unter
anderem die Anzahl der Klient:innen, die im vorherigen Versorgungsjahr
wohnungslos geworden sind, schriftlich über Selbstauskunftsbögen
des Gesundheitsamtes erfasst. Eine random effects negative binominal (RENB)
Regression wurde entwickelt, um die Veränderung der Wohnungslosigkeit zu
untersuchen.
Ergebnisse Die Zahl der wohnungslos gewordenen, psychisch erkrankten
Klient:innen der PSGZ ist von 2008 bis 2019 signifikant angestiegen
(IRR=1,26; 95-KI=1,16–1,36; p<0,001). Die
jährliche, durchschnittliche Zunahme an Wohnungslosigkeit betrug
26%.
Schlussfolgerung Die Problematik der Wohnungslosigkeit bei psychisch
erkrankten Menschen hat sich in den letzten Jahren in der untersuchten Region
verschärft. Bestehende Unterstützungsangebote müssen
geprüft und gemeindenahe Angebote ausgebaut werden.
2,2′-Biphenol-Derived Phosphoric Acid Catalyst for the Dehydrative Esterification of Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols
Authors: Hatano Manabu , Sakata Ken , Nishioka Chiaki , Mimura Ayaka , Kimura Risa , Okuda Yuki , Yamada Takeshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA dehydrative esterification from an equimolar mixture of carboxylic acids and primary or secondary alcohols in toluene at 100 °C was promoted without the necessity to remove water by using a simple 2,2′-biphenol-derived phosphoric acid catalyst (2.5–10 mol%). This reaction was also successfully conducted at the gram scale. To demonstrate the synthetic utility of this catalytic system, pharmaceutically useful substrates and acid-sensitive substrates were examined using these acid–base cooperative phosphoric acid catalysts, which exhibit relatively weak Brønsted acidity.
Structured Referral Call Handling Process Improves Neonatal Transport Dispatch Times
Authors: Mohammad Khorshid , Thomas Soumya , Joseph Chacko J. , O'Keef Chelsea , Leswick Leah , Montpetit John , Fiedrich Elsa , Rombough Bryan , Thomas Sumesh 
Published: July 2023

Objective In 2019 the Southern Alberta Neonatal Transport Service adopted a transport call handling process change to expedite transport team mobilization. This study compares the impact of this change on neonatal transport decision to dispatch and mobilization times.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study was conducted using a historical cohort of neonates referred for transportation between January 2017 and December 2021. The “dispatch time” (DT) was the time from the start of consultation to the time a decision to dispatch the transport team was made, whereas “mobilization time” (MT) referred to the time from start of consultation to the time the team departed the home base. In 2019, a DT target of <3 minutes was implemented to meet a target MT of <15 and <30 minutes for emergent and urgent high-risk transport referral calls, respectively. In 2021 use of the “Situation” component of the SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) communication tool was introduced with the transport team asking five questions to determine need for mobilization. Data between 2017 and 2018 represented the preintervention period, 2019, the “washout” period for implementation, and 2020 to 2021, the postintervention period. Data were analyzed to determine trends in DT and MT.
Results The DT was reduced from a median of 5 to 3 minutes following intervention (p < 0.001). DT target goal of 3 minutes was achieved in 67.08% of calls compared with 26.24% in the preintervention period, (p < 0.001). The team achieved MT target goals in 42.71% of urgent and emergent transfers compared with 18.05% prior to intervention (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Introduction of a time-sensitive referral call handling process improved dispatch and mobilization time of the neonatal transport team.
Key Points
PROMPT: Prospective Meta-analysis for Pessary Trials Study Protocol
Authors: Thom Elizabeth A. , Saade George R. , Askie Lisa M. , Ugwu Lynda G. , Mol Ben W.J. , Vayssiere Christophe , Norman Jane E. , Pajkrt Eva , Clifton Rebecca G. , Biggio Joseph R. , Arnaud Catherine , Berghella Vincenzo , Canino Maria G. , Carreras Elena , Dugoff Lorraine , Hoffman Matthew K. , Pacagnella Rodolfo C. , Reddy Uma M. , Saccone Gabriele , Hooft Janneke van 't , Dang Vinh Q. ,   for the Prospective Meta-analysis for Pessary Trials Collaboration
Published: July 2023

Objective Preterm birth, defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation, is a leading cause of perinatal and infant mortality throughout the world. Preterm birth is also associated with long-term neurological disabilities and other significant health issues in children. A short cervix in the second trimester has been noted to be one of the strongest predictors of subsequent spontaneous preterm birth in both singleton and multiple pregnancies. Some studies have shown that cervical support in the form of an Arabin pessary lowers the risk of preterm birth in women with a singleton gestation and short cervical length; however, other studies have conflicting results. Our objective was to form an international collaborative of planned or ongoing randomized trials of pessary in singleton and twin gestations with a short cervix.
Study Design In November 2014, an international group of investigators, who had initiated or were planning randomized trials of pessary for pregnant people with a short cervix and singleton or twin gestation to prevent preterm birth, formed a collaboration to plan a prospective individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomized trials (PROspective Meta-analysis of Pessary Trials [PROMPT]). The PROMPT investigators agreed on meta-analysis IPD hypotheses for singletons and twins, eligibility criteria, and a set of core baseline and outcome measures. The primary outcome is a composite of fetal death or preterm delivery before 32 weeks' gestation. Secondary outcomes include maternal and neonatal morbidities. The PROMPT protocol may be viewed as a written agreement among the study investigators who make up the PROMPT consortium (PROSPERO ID# CRD42018067740).
Results Results will be published in phases as the individual participating studies are concluded and published. Results of the first phase of singleton and twin pessary trials are expected to be available in late 2022. Updates are planned as participating trials are completed and published.
Key Points
The old-new epistemology of digital journalism: how algorithms and filter bubbles are (re)creating modern metanarratives
Authors: Serafini Luca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn journalism studies, the advent of the World Wide Web and the rise of online journalism are generally associated with going beyond the objective, normative paradigm associated with the principles of philosophical and scientific modernity towards a postmodern paradigm centred on subjectivity and relativism. This article offers an alternative reading of the epistemology of online journalism: the fragmentation of audiences into homophilic networks, the formation of ideological bubbles, and the growing polarisation caused by algorithms make the contents circulating online a reintroduction of modernity’s metanarratives. These metanarratives in no way correspond to the principles typical of postmodernism, such as the equivalence of interpretations and openness to dialogue. Journalistic content also comes under this charge: although it conveys narratives that are subjective, they are perceived as absolute truths inside the information bubbles in which they circulate. This phenomenon is caused by “information platformization” processes. Based on these premises, a new definition of online journalism is proposed: rather than “postmodern”, it can be better understood as a fulfilment of the foundational principles of modernism, but in a subjective form.
Equilibrium structures of selenium compounds: The torsionally flexible molecule of selenophenol
Authors: Li Wenqin , Saragi Rizalina Tama , Juanes Marcos , Demaison Jean , Vogt Natalja , Fernández-Ramos Antonio , Lesarri Alberto 
Published: July 2023

The equilibrium structure of selenophenol has been investigated using rotational spectroscopy and high-level quantum mechanical calculations, offering electronic and structural insight into the scarcely studied selenium compounds. The jet-cooled broadband microwave spectrum was measured in the 2–8 GHz cm-wave region using broadband (chirped-pulse) fast-passage techniques. Additional measurements up to 18 GHz used narrow-band impulse excitation. Spectral signatures were obtained for six isotopic species of selenium (80Se, 78Se, 76Se, 82Se, 77Se, and 74Se), together with different monosubstituted 13C species. The (unsplit) rotational transitions associated with the non-inverting μa-dipole selection rules could be partially reproduced with a semirigid rotor model. However, the internal rotation barrier of the selenol group splits the vibrational ground state into two subtorsional levels, doubling the dipole-inverting μb transitions. The simulation of the double-minimum internal rotation gives a very low barrier height (B3PW91: 42 cm−1), much smaller than for thiophenol (277 cm−1). A monodimensional Hamiltonian then predicts a huge vibrational separation of 72.2 GHz, justifying the non-observation of μb transitions in our frequency range. The experimental rotational parameters were compared with different MP2 and density functional theory calculations. The equilibrium structure was determined using several high-level ab initio calculations. A final Born–Oppenheimer (reBO) structure was obtained at the coupled-cluster CCSD(T)_ae/cc-wCVTZ level of theory, including small corrections for the wCVTZ → wCVQZ basis set enlargement calculated at the MP2 level. The mass-dependent method with predicates was used to produce an alternative rm(2) structure. The comparison between the two methods confirms the high accuracy of the reBO structure and offers information on other chalcogen-containing molecules.
Association between pre‐exercise food ingestion timing and reactive hypoglycemia: Insights from a large database of continuous glucose monitoring data
Authors: Zignoli Andrea , Fontana Federico Y. , Lipman David J. , Skroce Kristina , Maturana Felipe M. , Zisser Howard C. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTUsing a large database of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, this study aimed to gain insights into the association between pre‐exercise food ingestion timing and reactive hypoglycemia. A group of 6,761 users self‐reported 48,799 pre‐exercise food ingestion events and logged minute‐by‐minute CGM, which was used to detect reactive hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL) in the first 30 min of exercise. A linear and a non‐linear binomial logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between food ingestion timing and the probability of experiencing reactive hypoglycemia. An analysis of variance was conducted to compare the predictive ability of the models. On average, reactive hypoglycemia was detected in 8.34 ± 3.04% of the total events, with <15% of individuals experiencing hypoglycemia in >20% of their events. The majority of the reactive hypoglycemia events were found with pre‐exercise food timing between ∼30 and ∼90 min, with a peak at ∼60 min. The superior accuracy (62.05 vs 45.1%) and F‐score (0.75 vs 0.59) of the non‐linear vs the linear model were statistically superior (P < 0.0001). These results support the notion of an unfavourable 30‐to‐90 min pre‐exercise food ingestion time window which can significantly impact the likelihood of reactive hypoglycemia in some individuals.
Numerical solutions for the f(R)-Klein–Gordon system
Authors: Beckering Vinckers Ulrich K , de la Cruz-Dombriz Álvaro , Pollney Denis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We construct a numerical relativity code based on the Baumgarte–Shapiro–Shibata–Nakamura (BSSN) formulation for the gravitational quadratic f(R) Starobinsky model. By removing the assumption that the determinant of the conformal 3-metric is unity, we first generalize the BSSN formulation for general f(R) gravity theories in the metric formalism to accommodate arbitrary coordinates for the first time. We then describe the implementation of this formalism to the paradigmatic Starobinsky model. We apply the implementation to three scenarios: the Schwarzschild black hole solution, flat space with non-trivial gauge dynamics, and a massless Klein–Gordon (KG) scalar field. In each case, long-term stability and second-order convergence is demonstrated. The case of the massless KG scalar field is used to exercise the additional terms and variables resulting from the f(R) contributions. For this model, we show for the first time that additional damped oscillations arise in the subcritical regime as the system approaches a stable configuration.
Single-nanowire-morphed mechanical slingshot for directional shooting delivery of micro-payloads
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yan Jiang , Li Dianlun , Qian Wentao , Qi Yongjia , Wu Lei , Liu Zongguang , Wang Junzhuan , Xu Jun , Yu Linwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Stretching elastomer bands to accumulate strain energy, for a sudden projectile launching, has been an old hunting skill that will continue to find new applications in miniaturized worlds. In this work, we explore the use of highly resilient and geometry-tailored ultrathin crystalline silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as elastic medium to fabricate the first, and the smallest, mechanical slingshot. These NW-morphed slingshots were first grown on a planar surface, with desired layout, and then mounted upon standing pillar frames, with a unique self-hooking structure that allows for a facile and reliable assembly, loading and shooting maneuver of microsphere payloads. Impressively, the elastic spring design can help to store 10 times more strain energy into the NW springs, compared with the straight ones under the same pulling force, which has been strong enough to overcome the sticky van der Waals (vdW) force at the touching interfaces that otherwise will hinder a reliable releasing onto soft surface with low-surface energy or adhesion force, and to achieve a directional shooting delivery of precise amount of tiny payload units onto delicate target with the least impact damage. This NW-morphing construction strategy also provides a generic protocol/platform to fast design, prototype, and deploy new nanoelectromechanical and biological applications at extremely low costs.
Ion heating in laser interacting with magnetized plasma
Authors: Juneja Rohit , Dhalia Trishul , Prasad Goswami Laxman , Maity Srimanta , Mandal Devshree , Das Amita 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The ion heating mechanism in the context of laser interacting with plasma immersed in a strong magnetic field is studied. The electron motion transverse to the magnetic field gets restricted, and it acquires comparatively less energy than the ions. The magnetic field is chosen to be strong for laser electromagnetic field propagation inside the plasma to be governed by the magnetized dispersion relation. Both X and RL mode configurations have been studied in detail using particle-in-cell simulations. It is shown that the energy absorption process is governed by a resonant mechanism wherein the laser frequency matches with an underlying mode in the plasma. For X and RL mode configurations, these correspond to lower hybrid and ion cyclotron resonance, respectively. The absorption, however, is found to be most efficient at frequencies close to but not exactly matching with the resonance frequency. An understanding of the same has been provided. The role of laser polarization has been studied in detail.
Plasma rotation and axial flow velocities in Magnum-PSI from cross-correlation measurements
Authors: Costin C , Mihaila I , van der Meiden H J , Tanaka H , Scholten J , van Eck H J N 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The plasma flow velocity in the azimuthal and axial directions was estimated from a cross-correlation analysis of ion saturation currents measured across the plasma column of Magnum-PSI using a 64-probe matrix acting as target. The radial profile of the plasma rotation velocity in azimuthal direction revealed a reversed rotation at larger radii (r > 12–16 mm, depending on the magnetic field strength). The result was confirmed by comparison with the azimuthal velocity calculated as the sum of the
E
×
B
drift (estimated from the radial profile of the plasma potential) and the diamagnetic drift (estimated from the radial profile of the ion pressure). The reversed rotation was associated with the electron current path in Magnum-PSI. The axial velocity was estimated based on the rotation velocity and cross-correlation measurements with a tilted target. Both the azimuthal and axial velocities are of the order of km s−1, corresponding to previously reported results obtained by optical methods.
In situ measurement of dynamic surface charge on dielectrics interacted with plasma jet arrays
Authors: Zhang Bo , Sun Yuhao , Han Wenhu , Fan Lei , Guo Wang , Li Wendong , Mu Haibao , Zhang Guanjun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As a flexible tool to generate large-scale non-thermal plasma in ambient air, plasma jet arrays have attracted academic attention from multiple fields of biomedicine and material surface sciences. Optimization of plasma processing that heavily relies on trial-and-error experiments requires quantitative in situ diagnostics of plasma–surface interaction. This study focuses on the fundamental surface charge evolution in quartz dielectric deposited by plasma jet arrays. The thin quartz plate is attached to an electro-optic BSO crystal that is conductive and grounded in the back. These jet arrays are driven by a positive microsecond pulsed voltage with kHz frequency. Special attention is paid to the properties and mechanisms of the intriguing convergence of multiple adjacent surface charge patterns. The measured 1D and 2D jet arrays verify the trend of homopolar charge fusion at the plasma–surface interface, which was initially thought to be repulsive under electrostatic forces. The fusion of surface charges is considerably enhanced when more charges are transported onto targeted dielectrics, as well as at smaller separations. The simulation results reveal the mechanism of charge fusion that occurs when surface ionization waves (IWs) are in close proximity, and the high electric field between their heads provides a cluster of high-energy electrons that forces two IWs to merge until they connect. In the case of extremely small separations, the close-in IWs directly merge in bulk before touching the target. Quantitative in situ measurements of surface charges and the corresponding simulations provide fresh insight into the electrical interaction in large-scale atmospheric-pressure plasma jets. The properties of charge fusion can help with manufacturing and optimizing large-area uniform plasma jet sources for various dielectric materials.
Superconducting properties of van der Waals metal-rich subsulfide Nb1.7Ta3.3S2
Authors: Kataria A , Singh R P 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Layered metal-rich subsulfides have become a promising area for exploring intriguing properties such as superconductivity, nontrivial topology, and charge density waves; however, despite their extraordinary potential, they have remained largely unexplored. We report a comprehensive analysis of a van der Waals layered metal-rich subsulfide, Nb1.7Ta3.3S2, using a range of measurement techniques, including AC transport, magnetization, and specific heat. Our measurements confirm the occurrence of a type-II superconducting transition at a temperature Tc
= 3.64(2) K. Furthermore, specific heat measurements suggest weakly coupled nodeless superconductivity in Nb1.7Ta3.3S2.
Splitting the Nariai cosmology
Authors: Halilsoy Mustafa , Hsieh Chia-Li 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
At certain time the Nariai spacetime is split into two parts. The resulting cosmology consists of the original Nariai and a new component with topology (flat)2 × S
2, that is equivalent to a cloud of strings. We explore the properties of our hybrid cosmological model.