bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth dynamics and molecular bases of evolutionary novel jaw extensions in halfbeaks and needlefishes (Beloniformes)
Authors: Schneider Ralf F. , Gunter Helen M. , Salewski Inken , Woltering Joost M. , Meyer Axel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEvolutionary novelties—derived traits without clear homology found in the ancestors of a lineage—may promote ecological specialization and facilitate adaptive radiations. Examples for such novelties include the wings of bats, pharyngeal jaws of cichlids and flowers of angiosperms. Belonoid fishes (flying fishes, halfbeaks and needlefishes) feature an astonishing diversity of extremely elongated jaw phenotypes with undetermined evolutionary origins. We investigate the development of elongated jaws in a halfbeak (Dermogenys pusilla) and a needlefish (Xenentodon cancila) using morphometrics, transcriptomics and in situ hybridization. We confirm that these fishes' elongated jaws are composed of distinct base and novel ‘extension’ portions. These extensions are morphologically unique to belonoids, and we describe the growth dynamics of both bases and extensions throughout early development in both studied species. From transcriptomic profiling, we deduce that jaw extension outgrowth is guided by populations of multipotent cells originating from the anterior tip of the dentary. These cells are shielded from differentiation, but proliferate and migrate anteriorly during the extension's allometric growth phase. Cells left behind at the tip leave the shielded zone and undergo differentiation into osteoblast‐like cells, which deposit extracellular matrix with both bone and cartilage characteristics that mineralizes and thereby provides rigidity. Such bone has characteristics akin to histological observations on the elongated ‘kype’ process on lower jaws of male salmon, which may hint at common conserved regulatory underpinnings. Future studies will evaluate the molecular pathways that govern the anterior migration and proliferation of these multipotent cells underlying the belonoids' evolutionary novel jaw extensions.
Reply to Sullivan: Idealism and limits
Authors: Spinney Oliver Thomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this discussion I argue that Peter Sullivan is wrong to suggest that Wittgenstein's position in the Philosophical Investigations involves a commitment to transcendental idealism. I show that Sullivan's interpretation involves holding that transcendental idealism was employed by Wittgenstein in the attempt to combat a Platonist mythology. I show, through a detailed appraisal of Wittgenstein's discussion of samples, that Wittgenstein's approach to Platonism does not involve any such employment of transcendental idealism. I conclude that there is no such motivation as Sullivan finds in Wittgenstein for endorsing transcendental idealism, and that we ought not, therefore, ascribe to him such a view.
Photocatalytic oxygenation of sulfide using solar light and ingenious GQDs@AQ catalyst: Mechanistic and synthetic investigations
Authors: Siddique Rahnuma , Yadav Rajesh K. , Singh Satyam , Shahin Rehana , Dubey Arun K. , Singh Alok Kumar , Singh Atresh K. , Gupta Navneet Kumar , Baeg Jin‐Ook , Kim Tae Wu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe combination of excellent electronic properties and thermal stability positions orange‐derived graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as promising materials for solar light‐based applications. Researchers are actively exploring their potential in fields such as photovoltaics, photocatalysis, optoelectronics, and energy storage. Their abundance, cost‐effectiveness, and eco‐friendly nature further contribute to their growing relevance in cutting‐edge scientific research. Furthermore, only GQDs are not much more effective in the UV‐visible region, therefore, required band gap engineering in GQDs material. In this context, we designed GQDs‐based light harvesting materials, which is active in UV‐visible region. Herein we synthesized GQDs coupled with 2,6‐diaminoanthrquninone (AQ), that is, GQDs@AQ light harvesting photocatalyst the first time for the oxidation of sulfide to sulfoxide under visible light. For the integrating reactions of sulfide in aerobic conditions under visible light by GQDs@AQ photocatalyst exhibit utmost higher photocatalytic activity than simple GQDs due to low molar extinction coefficient and slow recombination charges. The use of GQDs@AQ light harvesting photocatalyst, showed the excellent organic transformation efficiency of sulfide to sulfoxide with excellent yield (94%). The high efficiency and excellent yield of 94% indicate the effectiveness of GQDs@AQ as a photocatalyst for these specific organic transformations.
Receiving person‐centred care in a hospital—A qualitative study of socially marginalised patients' experiences of social nursing
Authors: Antonsen Lisa Kvist , Lassen Annmarie Touborg , Nielsen Dorthe , Østervang Christina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSocially marginalised people are at a substantially increased risk of diseases and typically have several contacts with the healthcare system. Health professionals at hospitals often lack the knowledge, skills, confidence, and time to provide relevant care for socially marginalised patients. Danish hospitals have implemented a social nursing initiative consisting of social nurses with specialised knowledge about marginalisation to support socially marginalised patients. Limited research into patients' perceptions of social nursing has been undertaken.ObjectiveTo explore patients' experiences with the in‐hospital social nursing initiative.DesignA qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological hermeneutical approach.SettingOdense University Hospital, Denmark.ParticipantsPatients aged 18 years and older who had been in contact with a social nurse during hospital admission were purposely sampled. Data saturation was reached when 15 participants were recruited.MethodsIn‐depth patient interviews were conducted from November 2021 to April 2022 using a semi‐structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using systematic text condensation. NVivo 12 software was employed for the analysis. Patient representatives were involved to validate the analysis and interpretations.ResultsThree themes were identified: (1) an equal and trusting relationship, (2) receiving person‐centred care, and (3) coherence in the patient trajectory. The results show that when patients have established a relationship with a social nurse, they are willing to let her into their lives and share personal information. Patients also experience person‐centred care and coherence in their trajectory when a social nurse participated in their treatment and care.ConclusionThe findings indicate that the social nursing initiative bridges the gap between socially marginalised patients and healthcare services.
Walking pace and microvascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A cohort study from the UK Biobank
Authors: Zhu Xinyu , Zhang Xinyu , Zhou Chuandi , Li Bo , Huang Yikeng , Li Chenxin , Gu Chufeng , Ma Mingming , Zhao Shuzhi , Fan Ying , Xu Xun , Chang Jian , Chen Haibing , Zheng Zhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionWalking pace is associated with various health‐related outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between self‐reported walking pace and the incidences of diabetic microvascular complications among participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsSelf‐reported walking pace was classified as brisk, average, or slow. The outcomes were the incidences of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. COX proportional hazards models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health‐related factors were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.ResultsA total of 14 518 participants with T2D in the UK Biobank (mean age 59.7 ± 7.0 years, 5028 [34.6%] women) were included. During a median follow‐up of 12.5 (interquartile range: 11.6–13.4) years, 2980 participants developed diabetic microvascular complications. After adjusting for confounding factors, and compared with brisk walkers, slow walkers had a multivariable‐adjusted HR of 1.98 (95% CI 1.58, 2.47) for composite diabetic microvascular complications, 1.54 (95% CI 1.11, 2.14) for diabetic retinopathy, 3.26 (95% CI 2.08, 5.11) for diabetic neuropathy, and 2.32 (95% CI 1.91, 2.82) for diabetic nephropathy. Average walking pace was associated with a higher risk for diabetic nephropathy (HR 1.51, 95 CI% 1.27–1.79) compared with brisk walking. Additionally, ≥1 diabetic microvascular complication occurred in 447 (14.7%) of participants with brisk walking pace, 1702 (19.5%) with average walking pace, and 831 (30.4%) with slow walking pace. Time from study recruitment to first diagnosis was shorter in participants who reported a slow walking pace, compared with brisk or average walkers. Among participants who had diabetic nephropathy as their first diagnosis, slow walking pace was associated with subsequent risk of a second diabetic microvascular complication (HR 3.88, 95 CI% 2.27–6.60).ConclusionsSelf‐reported slow walking pace is associated with a higher risk of diabetic microvascular complications among participants with T2D in this population‐based cohort study.
Domain‐general or specific: How is children's understanding of deception socialized?
Authors: Allen Jedediah W. P. , Kara Demet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current study investigated parenting influences on children's understanding of lie‐telling in eight different social situations. These social situations clustered into two broad categories that have been assumed in the literature: first, self‐oriented lies that were generally told to benefit the self (e.g., to avoid punishment or gain status); and second, socio‐culturally‐oriented lies that were told for more social reasons (e.g., to create positive affect, maintain modesty or politeness). Two types of parenting variables were also measured. The first concerned more general parenting practices and have been studied in the literature; while the second was about more specific parental deceptive behaviors like lying to your child for their compliance. Participants included 141 Turkish parent‐child dyads aged 7, 9, and 11. All children judged the self‐oriented and the socio‐cultural lies as inappropriate but more so for the self‐oriented ones; further, the socio‐cultural lies were judged less negatively with age. While general parenting practices did not predict children's judgments, for parental deceptive practices, there were strong negative relationships between parents’ use of threatening lies (e.g., “come with me or I'll leave you here”) and children's judgments for both self‐ and socio‐cultural lie types. The two main conclusions are that specific parental deceptive practices are more relevant than general parenting for understanding children's judgments about lie‐telling situations. Second, the assumed categorization of lies into “self‐” and “social‐” seems generally valid when using a plurality of situations. Finally, some issues related to the morality of lie‐telling are discussed.
Nurses' self‐care strategies: A mapping review
Authors: Gantt Laura T. , Haberstroh Amanda L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesNurses have long received recommendations to employ self‐care behaviors to ensure their ability to remain in the profession; however, nurses are rarely asked what self‐care behaviors are beneficial. This literature review aimed to map studies on nurses' self‐care strategies to provide an understanding of how these strategies are addressed in the literature and to identify gaps in need of additional exploration.MethodSearches were conducted in accordance with published mapping review methodologies across MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and identified influential nursing journals. Included studies were from the United States, peer‐reviewed, and described self‐care strategies related to nurses or the nursing profession.ResultsThirty‐five articles were identified for inclusion and were evaluated based on agreed‐upon criteria to define how the concept of self‐care was studied and applied to nurses. Three main categories were identified in this review: self‐care and stress; self‐care and burnout; and self‐care and leadership, workplace factors, and physical activity.Linking Evidence to ActionThis mapping review revealed an abundance of literature related to self‐care recommendations for nurses; however, there remains a dearth of studies investigating how nurses utilize self‐care behaviors independently to improve their own professional well‐being. Recommendations for next steps in research in this area are included.
Dielectrophoretic Movement of Cell Passing Between Surface Electrodes in Flow Channel
Authors: Hashimoto Shigehiro , Ono Ryuya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, cell behavior in a microchannel was tracked for the application of dielectrophoresis to biological cell sorting. A pair of titanium surface electrodes was fabricated inside the microchannel by photolithographic techniques: a triangular electrode with a tip angle of 0.26 rad and a rectangular electrode. A periodic alternating current of square wave with a period of 1 μs was introduced between the electrodes to induce an asymmetric electric field perpendicular to the mainstream direction. The behavior of mouse myoblasts (C2C12: mouse myoblast cell line) was measured in vitro while the suspension was flowing. The relationship between cell shift motion near the electrode and cell shape on the two-dimensional projection plane was investigated. Experimental results showed that cell movement in the direction perpendicular to the mainstream increased with geometries away from the circle in the two-dimensional projection plane. This method can be applied to sort cells according to their degree of shape deviation from a sphere. The dielectrophoretic effect can be applied to sort cells not only by cell size but also by cell deformation.
The Resistor Network Approach to Modeling Screen-Printed Silver Ink Under Uniaxial Stretch
Authors: Chow Justin H. , Sitaraman Suresh K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Flexible electronic devices are used in a wide variety of applications that utilize their unique ability to stretch, bend, and twist. Experimental methods were developed for evaluating the piezoresistive behavior of printed conductive inks under uniaxial strain. DuPont 5025 screen-printed silver ink on Kapton and Melinex substrates was stretched until substrate failure. Kapton samples were found to rupture at around 60% strain and have a relative resistance, R/R0, of about 30–40 at substrate rupture. On Melinex substrates, the ink was found to electrically fail before the substrate ruptured but could be stretched to strains exceeding 130% or higher before failing. The relative resistance values for these high strains in the Melinex samples were erratic and could exceed 1000 and in one case more than 30,000. The ink strain to failure exhibited a dependence on conductor width with narrower conductors failing before wider ones. Finally, a 2.5D RVE model that accounts for ink filler volume fraction, particle size distribution, contact resistance, and electron tunneling was developed that accurately predicts the piezoresistive behavior of 5025 ink up to 60% axial strain. An initial parametric study found that increasing the volume fraction of the RVE results in improved electrical performance.
Dual Neural Network Control of a Hybrid Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling System
Authors: Merritt Glen R. , Akbari Saiedeh , Cousin Christian A. , Yoon Hwan-Sik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling is a method to rehabilitate people with neurological conditions when they are not in and of themselves capable of fully controlling their extremities. To ensure smooth cycling and adequate stimulation to accomplish the rehabilitation task, admittance control is applied between the human and the robotic cycle. The cycle motor is actuated by a dual neural network control structure with an additional robust element tracking the admittance trajectory, while muscles are stimulated with a simple saturated robust controller. The dual neural network structure allows adaptation to separable functions of the dynamic system, in addition to shared adaptation through the admittance filter. A Lyapunov analysis shows that the admittance tracking controller is globally exponentially stable. A passivity analysis shows that the admittance system and cadence tracking error are output strictly passive. A combined analysis shows that the total system is passive. Experiments are performed on eight participants without neurological conditions, on 12 differing protocols including a robust controller for comparison, the addition of noise, and the addition or lack of stimulation. One participant with a neurological condition was evaluated on three different protocols, including a robust controller, a neural network controller, and a game-like mode where the participant was asked to track the trajectory as it appeared on a screen. Statistical analysis of the experiments show that the standard deviation of the tracking error is significantly improved with the adaptive dual neural network control addition when compared to the robust controller, in some instances reducing the magnitude by half.
Uncovering virulence factors in
Cronobacter sakazakii
: insights from genetic screening and proteomic profiling
Authors: Chen Xi , Xue Juan , Dong Xiaoli , Lu Ping 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

The increasing problem of antibiotic resistance has driven the search for virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria, which can serve as targets for the development of new antibiotics. Although whole-genome Tn5 transposon mutagenesis combined with phenotypic assays has been a widely used approach, its efficiency remains low due to labor-intensive processes. In this study, we aimed to identify specific genes and proteins associated with the virulence of
Cronobacter sakazakii
, a pathogenic bacterium known for causing severe infections, particularly in infants and immunocompromised individuals. By employing a combination of genetic screening, comparative proteomics, and
in vivo
validation using zebrafish and rat models, we rapidly screened highly virulent strains and identified two genes,
rcsA
and
treR
, as potential regulators of
C. sakazakii
toxicity toward zebrafish and rats. Proteomic profiling revealed upregulated proteins upon knockout of
rcsA
and
treR
, including FabH, GshA, GppA, GcvH, IhfB, RfaC, MsyB, and three unknown proteins. Knockout of their genes significantly weakened bacterial virulence, confirming their role as potential virulence factors. Our findings contribute to understanding the pathogenicity of
C. sakazakii
and provide insights into the development of targeted interventions and therapies against this bacterium.

IMPORTANCE

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria has become a critical global health concern, necessitating the identification of virulence factors as potential targets for the development of new antibiotics. This study addresses the limitations of conventional approaches by employing a combination of genetic screening, comparative proteomics, and
in vivo
validation to rapidly identify specific genes and proteins associated with the virulence of
Cronobacter sakazakii
, a highly pathogenic bacterium responsible for severe infections in vulnerable populations. The identification of two genes,
rcsA
and
treR
, as potential regulators of
C. sakazakii
toxicity toward zebrafish and rats and the proteomic profiling upon knockout of
rcsA
and
treR
provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying bacterial virulence. The findings contribute to our understanding of
C. sakazakii
’s pathogenicity, shed light on the regulatory pathways involved in bacterial virulence, and offer potential targets for the development of novel interventions against this highly virulent bacterium.
Traumatic testicular dislocation in the abdomen: diagnosis and management
Authors: Colalillo Gaia , Pletto Simone , Laudazi Mario , Asimakopoulos Anastasios D 
Published: September 2023

Testicular dislocation in the abdomen after scrotal trauma is a rare and sometimes unrecognised event.Early detection and timely management reduce possible complications which include the risk of fertility loss, endocrine dysfunction, and future malignancy.We present the case of a man who suffered a traumatic dislocation of the right testis in the abdomen after a motorcycle crash. The large scrotal haematoma did not permit adequate physical examination. Furthermore, during the clinical management of the polytrauma, the main focus was on active arterial bleeding, multiple pelvic fractures and clinical investigation of the integrity of the lower urinary tract. Therefore, the diagnosis and surgical management of the testicular dislocation were delayed.The patient underwent abdominal-inguinal surgical exploration, haematoma evacuation, identification of the right testis and right orchidopexy.After 6 months, the right testis of the patient is of regular volume, consistency and physiologic echogenicity on ultrasound evaluation.Hormonal evaluation and semen analysis were normal after 3 months.
SevereUreaplasma urealyticuminfection in a patient with ocrelizumab-induced hypogammaglobulinaemia
Authors: Poulsen Emma Elisabeth , Jensen-Fangel Søren , Rudolf Frauke 
Published: September 2023

Infections caused byUreaplasma urealyticumin immune-competent people are typically simple and uncomplicated. However, in cases of immunosuppression, severe disseminated infections can occur.This case report describes the case of a severe, disseminated infection caused byU. urealyticumin a young female with unacknowledged humoral immunosuppression due to treatment with ocrelizumab for multiple sclerosis.The patient was admitted due to a recurrent episode of a tubo-ovarian abscess. Throughout the following 2 months of hospitalisation, treatment with several types of antibiotics and the placement of various drains led to no improvement. As extensive investigations indicated hypogammaglobulinaemia,U. urealyticumwas suspected, and tests came back positive. Treatment with doxycycline and moxifloxacin led to a full recovery.This demonstrates how humoral immunosuppression is a risk factor for severe disseminated infections and how these may be avoided through monitoring of immunoglobulin levels in patients treated with ocrelizumab.