bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kantian Constructivism and Practical Reasoning in Clinical Bioethics
Authors: Morelli Jacopo 
Published: May 2023

Philosophers are often accused of constructing theoretical systems that are disconnected from real problems, detached from concrete issues, and sheltered in their _Turris eburnea. _This is a criticism that needs to be explicitly addressed, especially by moral philosophers. In this paper I set out to show how the metaethical and normative debate can reconnect with applied ethics: I will argue that moral constructivism can relate to empirical evidence in some areas, such as the biomedical field, to adapt their normative claims accordingly.

Firstly, after briefly introducing and defining the field of practical reasoning, I will show what moral constructivism is and what it can do in practice to face moral dilemmas. Secondly, I will argue that in the biomedical field it is possible to have behaviors, both on the part of patients and health professionals, that can be addressed as practically irrational, and I will also show which tools we can use to counter this irrationality[1]. However, the objective of this paper does not stop here and wants to propose not only blocking strategies for irrational demands, but also proactive proposals for cures, implementing the proposal of Kantian constructivism with Viafora's proposal centered on respecting the dignity of the patient as a person.

Finally, I will argue that the set of principles we can draw from the various cases, while serving the important function of guiding us in future situations, do not constitute a complete theory of practical reasoning or ethical theory. What philosophy can do in the field of bioethics is not to provide a definitive list of rules, since the variety and diversity of the contingent cases will always be too wide to fit into overly defined schemes. Philosophy can, however, provide a common language for approaching morally relevant problems and for enabling agents to grasp the moral significance of concrete situations with the right tools.
Clinical practice guideline and expert consensus recommendations for rehabilitation among children with cancer: A systematic review
Authors: L’Hotta Allison J. , Randolph Samantha B. , Reader Ben , Lipsey Kim , King Allison A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncreased attention to the rehabilitation needs of children with cancer is vital to enhance health, quality‐of‐life, and productivity outcomes. Among adults with cancer, rehabilitation recommendations are frequently incorporated into guidelines, but the extent to which recommendations exist for children is unknown. Reports included in this systematic review are guideline or expert consensus reports containing recommendations related to rehabilitation referral, evaluation, and/or intervention for individuals diagnosed with cancer during childhood (younger than 18 years). Eligible reports were published in English from January 2000 to August 2022. Through database searches, 42,982 records were identified; 62 records were identified through citation and website searching. Twenty‐eight reports were included in the review: 18 guidelines and 10 expert consensus reports. Rehabilitation recommendations were identified in disease‐specific (e.g., acute lymphoblastic leukemia), impairment‐specific (e.g., fatigue, neurocognition, pain), adolescent and young adult, and long‐term follow‐up reports. Example recommendations included physical activity and energy‐conservation techniques to address fatigue, referral to physical therapy for chronic pain management, ongoing psychosocial surveillance, and referral to speech‐language pathology for those with hearing loss. High‐level evidence supported rehabilitation recommendations for long‐term follow‐up care, fatigue, and psychosocial/mental health screening. Few intervention recommendations were included in guideline and consensus reports. In this developing field, it is critical to include pediatric oncology rehabilitation providers in guideline and consensus development initiatives. This review enhances the availability and clarity of rehabilitation‐relevant guidelines that can help prevent and mitigate cancer‐related disability among children by supporting access to rehabilitation services.
Analisa Kandungan Nutrisi Pada Limbah Daun, Batang Dan Kulit Singkong (Manihot utillisima) Yang Difermentasi Untuk Pakan Ternak Ruminansia
Authors: Khaeri Ahmad , Agustin Alfiana Laili Dwi , Atma Candra Dwi 
Published: May 2023

Usaha peternakan di Indonesia saat ini sedang mengalami kemajuan, namun tidak diimbangi dengan ketersediaan lahan, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kontinuitas pakan. Sisa hasil pertanian memiliki potensi yang besar untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pakan ternak ruminansia. Namun untuk memanfaatkan sisa hasil pertanian sebagai bahan pakan lokal haruslah memenuhi 3 aspek, yaitu aspek kuantitas, kualitas dan kontinuitas. Selain kandungan protein yang rendah dan kadar HCN yang sangat tinggi pada limbah daun, batang dan kulit singkong (Manihot utillisima) sehingga perlu dilakukan fermentasi untuk meningkatkan kadar protein dan mengurangi kadar HCN pada singkong (Manihot utillisima) supaya bisa dimanfaatkan secara maksimal sebagai pakan ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi pada limbah daun, batang dan kulit singkong sebelum dan setelah fermentasi untuk pakan ternak yang bergizi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah komparatif eksperimental, yaitu mencari pengaruh perlakuan tertentu antara daun, batang dan kulit singkong sebelum dan setelah fermentasi. Nilai rata-rata yang di amati dari masing-masing kandungan nutiri sebelum dan setelah fermentasi Daun sebelum fermentasi (17.8967), Daun setelah fermentasi (17.8389), Batang sebelum fermentasi (20.0200), Batang setelah fermentasi (19.8300), Kulit sebelum fermentasi (20.0433), Kulit setelah fermentasi (20.0067). Kesimpulan Penelitian ini adalah pakan ternak Ruminansia yang bagus sesuai kandungan nutrisi berdasarkan Uji Statistik yaitu Daun, Batang, dan Kulit Singkong (Manihot Utillisima) setelah difermentasi.
PERILAKU KORUPTIF PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF KRIMINOLOGI DAN VIKTIMOLOGI
Authors: Alam Dippo 
Published: May 2023

Cases of corruption are still often heard in the media. There were 553 cases of corruption that were prosecuted by the KPK in 2021. Corruption during the reformation period is now increasingly widespread. There are several problems in eradicating corruption in Indonesia. Corruptive behavior in this article is discussed using the approach of criminology and victimology. The author uses a qualitative research method with a normative juridical type. Corruption is classified as a white-collar crime, where the perpetrators do not care about state losses. Criminal sanctions and administrative sanctions are expected to be able to reduce the number of corruption, although there is a possibility that the perpetrators of corruption are perpetrators who meet the provisions of the victim precipitation theory. In addition, piety to God is seen as important in preventing corruptive behavior, because it is closely related to self-control. On the other hand, the role of LPSK is expected to be able to protect whistle blowers as well as witnesses and victims in an effort to uncover the mastermind behind the corruption cases. Further research should be conducted to achieve more knowledge about the relationship between corruption and criminology and victimology related to the evolution of motives for corruptive behavior in its contribution to the cause of state losses, as well as the protection of witnesses and victims.
Keywords: corruption, corruptive behavior, criminology, victimology.
PELAKSANAAN EKSEKUSI HAK TANGGUNGAN SEBAGAI JAMINAN KREDIT STUDI PUTUSAN PENGADILAN NEGERI WONOSOBO
Authors: Mulyadi Hary , Khanifa Nurma Khusna , Ningsih Sakti Wahyu 
Published: May 2023

Execution of mortgage objects is included in civil law issues. The implementation of the execution of the mortgage object has been regulated in Chapter V in Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Rights. This paper basically aims at academics who have an interest in civil law issues, namely the execution of mortgage objects. It is hoped that this paper will be able to provide a real picture of how the execution of mortgage objects as collateral for credit is carried out through the Class I B Wonosobo District Court and whether the implementation is in accordance with the provisions in force in Indonesia. This paper uses normative and empirical juridical research methods, namely the study of laws and regulations related to the problem, and field research to obtain information as supporting material which is then analyzed qualitatively. From the author's analysis it was found that the implementation of the execution of the mortgage object as collateral for credit through the Class I B Wonosobo District Court had been carried out properly by law enforcement and was in accordance with the provisions in force in Indonesia.
Keywords: Execution of Mortgage Rights, Creditors, Debtors.
PERAN LEMBAGA KPU DAN BAWASLU DALAM MENGATASI PERMASALAHAN DAFTAR PEMILIH TETAP (DPT) SAAT PEMILIHAN UMUM
Authors: Hawana Alse 
Published: May 2023

As it is known that the level of participation is measured by looking at the number of voters present compared to the number of registered voters. If the validity of the DPT is low or there is a lot of duplicate data, it is invalid then automatically many registered residents are absent. The occurrence of duplicate data in the DPT affects the level of participation. That participation is influenced by the accuracy of population data can be seen in the voter registration method. This research uses literature study. Literature study can study various references and the results of similar previous studies which are useful for obtaining a theoretical basis for the problem to be studied. The question in this research problem is what is the role of the KPU and Bawaslu in overcoming the problem of the fixed voter list at the time of the election. The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the role of the KPU and Bawaslu institutions in overcoming the problem of the fixed voter list when the election is about to take place. Every time a legislative election, presidential election or regional head election is held, one of the KPU's main activities is to make the voter list. Bawaslu has an obligation to oversee the process and results of updating and maintaining voter data on an ongoing basis whose authority is granted by law.
Keywords: KPU; Bawaslu; Fixed Voters List ; Election
La educación en tiempos de Covid-19
Authors: Rojas-Pacheco Adolfo Eleazar , Salcedo-García Doris Marcela , Mosquera-González Yorleny 
Published: May 2023

Este artículo es el resultado de un proceso investigativo en el marco de la emergencia sanitaria por causa de la Covid-19, luego que el gobierno nacional decretara Estado de Emergencia Económica, Social y Ecológica que condujo al aislamiento obligatorio y la suspensión de las clases presenciales. Está situación motivó a abordar la realidad académica y pedagógica desde la mirada de los autores principales: padres de familia, cuidadores, estudiantes y docentes. El estudio se propuso analizar las voces-narrativas de los respectivos actores que participaron en la estrategia Aprende en Casa. El fenómeno se abordó desde los postulados epistemológicos del paradigma histórico-hermenéutico apoyado en los lineamientos de la investigación pedagógica, fenomenológica y narrativa. La información se capturó mediante entrevista abierta, la cual se realizó a partir de la codificación abierta y axial. Los participantes fueron 100 miembros de una comunidad educativa de Bogotá. 30 cuidadores (padres y madres de familia, representantes legales, abuelos), 30 docentes y 40 estudiantes de bachillerato. Entre los hallazgos se evidencia: la recuperación de experiencias educativas que emergieron ante la crisis con el fin de garantizar el derecho a la educación; la necesidad de diseñar programas educativos contextuales para continuar transformando; los estudiantes desarrollaron autonomía y emplearon los medios tecnológicos con fines académicos; las familias retomaron liderazgo, descubrieron factores resilientes y fomentaron responsabilidad.
The role of corneal biomechanics in visual field progression of primary open-angle glaucoma with ocular normotension or hypertension: a prospective longitude study
Authors: Wei Yahui , Cai Yu , Bao Chenying , Zhu Yanfei , Pan Yingzi 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: To analyze effects of dynamic corneal response parameters (DCRs) on visual field (VF) progression in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and hypertension glaucoma (HTG).Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. This study included 57 subjects with NTG and 54 with HTG, followed up for 4 years. The subjects were divided into progressive and nonprogressive groups according to VF progression. DCRs were evaluated by corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology. General linear models (GLMs) were used to compare DCRs between two groups, adjusting for age, axial length (AL), mean deviation (MD), etc. VF progression risk factors were evaluated by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results: For NTG, first applanation deflection area (A1Area) was increased in progressive group and constituted an independent risk factor for VF progression. ROC curve of A1Area combined with other relevant factors (age, AL, MD, etc.) for NTG progression had an area under curve (AUC) of 0.813, similar to the ROC curve with A1area alone (AUC = 0.751, p = 0.232). ROC curve with MD had an AUC of 0.638, lower than A1Area-combined ROC curve (p = 0.036). There was no significant difference in DCRs between the two groups in HTG.Conclusion: Corneas in progressive NTG group were more deformable than nonprogressive group. A1Area may be an independent risk factor for NTG progression. It suggested that the eyes with more deformable corneas may also be less tolerant to pressure and accelerate VF progression. VF progression in HTG group was not related to DCRs. Its specific mechanism needs further studies.
Bibliometric and visualized analysis of metal-organic frameworks in biomedical application
Authors: Yu Sanyang , Xu Kaihao , Wang Zhenhua , Zhang Zhichang , Zhang Zhongti 
Published: May 2023

Background: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid materials composed of metal ions or clusters and organic ligands that spontaneously assemble via coordination bonds to create intramolecular pores, which have recently been widely used in biomedicine due to their porosity, structural, and functional diversity. They are used in biomedical applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, bioimaging, and antimicrobial activities. Our study aims to provide scholars with a comprehensive overview of the research situations, trends, and hotspots in biomedical applications of MOFs through a bibliometric analysis of publications from 2002 to 2022.Methods: On 19 January 2023, the Web of Science Core Collection was searched to review and analyze MOFs applications in the biomedical field. A total of 3,408 studies published between 2002 and 2022 were retrieved and examined, with information such as publication year, country/region, institution, author, journal, references, and keywords. Research hotspots were extracted and analyzed using the Bibliometrix R-package, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.Results: We showed that researchers from 72 countries published articles on MOFs in biomedical applications, with China producing the most publications. The Chinese Academy of Science was the most prolific contributor to these publications among 2,209 institutions that made contributions. Reference co-citation analysis classifies references into 8 clusters: synergistic cancer therapy, efficient photodynamic therapy, metal-organic framework encapsulation, selective fluorescence, luminescent probes, drug delivery, enhanced photodynamic therapy, and metal-organic framework-based nanozymes. Keyword co-occurrence analysis divided keywords into 6 clusters: biosensors, photodynamic therapy, drug delivery, cancer therapy and bioimaging, nanoparticles, and antibacterial applications. Research frontier keywords were represented by chemodynamic therapy (2020–2022) and hydrogen peroxide (2020–2022).Conclusion: Using bibliometric methods and manual review, this review provides a systematic overview of research on MOFs in biomedical applications, filling an existing gap. The burst keyword analysis revealed that chemodynamic therapy and hydrogen peroxide are the prominent research frontiers and hot spots. MOFs can catalyze Fenton or Fenton-like reactions to generate hydroxyl radicals, making them promising materials for chemodynamic therapy. MOF-based biosensors can detect hydrogen peroxide in various biological samples for diagnosing diseases. MOFs have a wide range of research prospects for biomedical applications.
Enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of iPS cell-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells via neural crest cell induction for hyaline cartilage repair
Authors: Zujur Denise , Al-Akashi Ziadoon , Nakamura Anna , Zhao Chengzhu , Takahashi Kazuma , Aritomi Shizuka , Theoputra William , Kamiya Daisuke , Nakayama Koichi , Ikeya Makoto 
Published: May 2023

Background: To date, there is no effective long-lasting treatment for cartilage tissue repair. Primary chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem/stromal cells are the most commonly used cell sources in regenerative medicine. However, both cell types have limitations, such as dedifferentiation, donor morbidity, and limited expansion. Here, we report a stepwise differentiation method to generate matrix-rich cartilage spheroids from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (iMSCs) via the induction of neural crest cells under xeno-free conditions.Methods: The genes and signaling pathways regulating the chondrogenic susceptibility of iMSCs generated under different conditions were studied. Enhanced chondrogenic differentiation was achieved using a combination of growth factors and small-molecule inducers.Results: We demonstrated that the use of a thienoindazole derivative, TD-198946, synergistically improves chondrogenesis in iMSCs. The proposed strategy produced controlled-size spheroids and increased cartilage extracellular matrix production with no signs of dedifferentiation, fibrotic cartilage formation, or hypertrophy in vivo.Conclusion: These findings provide a novel cell source for stem cell-based cartilage repair. Furthermore, since chondrogenic spheroids have the potential to fuse within a few days, they can be used as building blocks for biofabrication of larger cartilage tissues using technologies such as the Kenzan Bioprinting method.
Oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants: potential crosstalk in the pathophysiology of human diseases
Authors: Chaudhary Priya , Janmeda Pracheta , Docea Anca Oana , Yeskaliyeva Balakyz , Abdull Razis Ahmad Faizal , Modu Babagana , Calina Daniela , Sharifi-Rad Javad 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Free radicals are reactive oxygen species that constantly circulate through the body and occur as a side effect of many reactions that take place in the human body. Under normal conditions, they are removed from the body by antioxidant processes. If these natural mechanisms are disrupted, radicals accumulate in excess and contribute to the development of many diseases.Methodology: Relevant recent information on oxidative stress, free radicals, reactive oxidative species, and natural and synthetic antioxidants was collected by researching electronic databases such as PubMed / Medline, Web of Science, and Science Direct.Results: According to the analysed studies, this comprehensive review provided a recent update on oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants and their impact on the pathophysiology of human diseases.Discussion: To counteract the condition of oxidative stress, synthetic antioxidants must be provided from external sources to supplement the antioxidant defense mechanism internally. Because of their therapeutic potential and natural origin, medicinal plants have been reported as the main source of natural antioxidants phytocompounds. Some non-enzymatic phytocompounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and glutathione, along with some vitamins have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activities in vivo and in vitro studies. Thus, the present review describes, in brief, the overview of oxidative stress-directed cellular damage and the unction of dietary antioxidants in the management of different diseases. The therapeutic limitations in correlating the antioxidant activity of foods to human health were also discussed.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with Kawasaki disease combined with sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Yang Yufan , Huang Jiaotian , Yan Haipeng , Li Xun , Liu Pingping , Zhou Wu , Zhang Xinping , Lu Xiulan , Xiao Zhenghui 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is a vascular inflammatory disease with unknown pathogenesis. There are few studies on KD combined with sepsis worldwide.PurposeTo provide valuable data regarding clinical characteristics and outcomes related to pediatric patients with KD combined with sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 44 pediatric patients admitted in PICU at Hunan Children’s Hospital with KD combined with sepsis between January 2018 and July 2021.ResultsOf the 44 pediatric patients (mean age, 28.18 ± 24.28 months), 29 were males and 15 were female. We further divided the 44 patients into two groups: KD combined with severe sepsis (n=19) and KD combined with non-severe sepsis (n=25). There were no significant between-group differences in leukocyte, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Interleukin-6, interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and procalcitonin in KD with severe sepsis group were significantly higher than those in KD with non-severe sepsis group. And the percentage of suppressor T lymphocyte and natural killer cell in severe sepsis group were significantly higher than those in non-severe group, while the CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio was significantly lower in KD with severe sepsis group than in KD with non-severe sepsis group. All 44 children survived and were successfully treated after intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) combined with antibiotics.ConclusionChildren who develop with KD combined with sepsis have different degrees of inflammatory response and cellular immunosuppression, and the degree of inflammatory response and cellular immunosuppression is significantly correlated with the severity of the disease.