bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a PLE Scale from the Learner and Learning Perspective in Tertiary Education
Authors: Xu XiaoShu , Zhang Yunfeng , Zhong Kexin , Lei Vivian Ngan-Lin , Liu Jia 
Published: January 2023

The study's goal is to create and validate a Personal Learning Environment Scale (PLEs) from the learner and learning perspective (named PLEsS-LL) to ensure effective learning in Chinese tertiary education. 657 undergraduates participated in the study after completing scale development steps. Six factors were extracted from the PLEsS-LL using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) supported the six-factor scale with 22 items. Furthermore, the PLEsS-LL was redesigned as a questionnaire to assess learners' readiness for PLE learning. The findings indicated that participants were comfortable learning in PLEs in general. They were mostly positive in terms of learning motivation and problem-solving abilities. They did, however, report less confidence in self-directed learning. Meanwhile, male participants outperformed female participants in all categories except learning motivation. The reasons were explained, and suggestions for future PLE design were made. The PLEsS-LL could be used as a resource or guide for learner preparation in the PLE context in higher education around the world.
El objetivo del estudio es crear y validar una Escala de Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PLEsS) desde la perspectiva del alumno y el aprendizaje (llamada PLEsS-LL) para garantizar un aprendizaje efectivo en la educación terciaria china. 657 estudiantes universitarios participaron en el estudio después de completar los pasos de desarrollo de escala. Se extrajeron seis factores del PLEsS-LL mediante Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (EFA). El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) apoyó la escala de seis factores con 22 ítems. Además, el PLEsS-LL fue rediseñado como un cuestionario para evaluar la preparación de los alumnos para el aprendizaje PLE. Los hallazgos indicaron que los participantes se sentían cómodos al aprender en PLE en general. En su mayoría fueron positivos en términos de motivación de aprendizaje y habilidades para resolver problemas. Sin embargo, informaron menos confianza en el aprendizaje autodirigido. Mientras tanto, los participantes masculinos superaron a las participantes femeninas en todas las categorías, excepto en la motivación de aprendizaje. Se explicaron las razones y se hicieron sugerencias para el diseño futuro de PLE. El PLEsS-LL podría utilizarse como un recurso o guía para la preparación del alumno en el contexto de los PLEs en la educación superior de todo el mundo.
Autobiographical memory in the digital age: Insights based on the subjective reports of users of smart journaling apps
Authors: Hutmacher Fabian , Schläger Linus , Meerson Rinat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHumans have long used external memory aids to support remembering. However, modern digital technologies could facilitate recording and remembering personal information in an unprecedented manner. The present research sought to understand the potential impact of these technologies on autobiographical memory based on interviews with users of smart journaling apps. In Study 1 (N = 12), participants who had no prior experience with smart journaling apps tested the app Day One for 2 weeks and were interviewed about their subjective perceptions afterwards. In order to cross‐validate the obtained findings, Study 2 (N = 4) was based on in‐depth interviews with long‐time users of different smart journaling apps. Taken together, the two studies provide insights into the way autobiographical remembering may change in the digital age – but also into the opportunities and risks potentially associated with the use of technologies that allow creating a detailed and multimedia‐based record of one's life.
In Vitro Properties and Pharmacokinetics of Temporarily PEGylated Onc72 Prodrugs
Authors: Mohammed Gubran Khalil , Böttger Roland , Krizsan Andor , Volke Daniela , Mötzing Marina , Li Shyh‐Dar , Knappe Daniel , Hoffmann Ralf 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe favorable properties of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to rapidly kill pathogens are often limited by unfavorable pharmacokinetics due to fast degradation and renal clearance rates. Here, a prodrug strategy linking proline‐rich AMP Onc72 to polyethylene glycol (PEGs) with average molecular weights of 5 and 20 kDa via a peptide linker containing a protease cleavage site is tested for the first time in vivo. Onc72 is released from these 5k‐ and 20k‐prodrugs in mouse serum with half‐life times (t1/2) of 8 and 14 h, respectively. Importantly, PEGylation protects Onc72 from proteolytic degradation providing a prolonged release of Onc72, balancing the degradation of free Onc72, and leading to relatively stable Onc72 concentrations and high antibacterial activities. The prodrugs are not hemolytic on human erythrocytes and show only slight cytotoxic effects on human cell lines indicating promising safety margins. When administered subcutaneously to female CD‐1 mice, the prodrugs elimination t1/2 are 66 min and ≈5.5 h, respectively, compared to 43 min of free Onc72. The maximal Onc72 plasma levels are obtained ≈1 and ≈8 h postadministration, respectively. In conclusion, the prodrugs provide extended elimination t1/2 and a constant release of Onc72 in mice, potentially limiting adverse effects and increasing efficacy.
First Principles Calculations of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Proton Migration on Stepped Surfaces of SrTiO3
Authors: Sokolov Maksim , Mastrikov Yuri A. , Zvejnieks Guntars , Bocharov Dmitry , Krasnenko Veera , Exner Kai S. , Kotomin Eugene A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecent research suggests that photocatalytic activity toward water splitting of strontium titanate SrTiO3 (STO) is enhanced by creating multifaceted nanoparticles. To better understand the source of this activity, a previously designed model is used for two types of surfaces of this nanoparticle, flat and double‐stepped. Density functional theory calculations of water adsorption on these surfaces are performed to gain insight into water adsorption and proton migration processes, as well as thermodynamics of hydrogen evolution reaction within the framework of computational hydrogen electrode. It is concluded that ridges of single‐ and double‐stepped surfaces are nearly identical in terms of adsorption configurations and energetics. Also, it is demonstrated that protons have migration barriers lower than 0.7 eV and that surface morphology impacts catalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction, with flat surface demonstrating higher catalytic activity.
Self Assembly of Patchy Anisotropic Particle Forming Free Standing Monolayer Film
Authors: Varma Vikki Anand , Kritika  , Singh Jaskaran , Babu Sujin B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSynthesizing thin films using self assembly is one of the important challenges which needs to be addressed for making engineered material using colloidal particle, necessary for creating novel material for photonic, filtration application, etc. Here, a simple model of prolate ellipsoidal particle with two directional bonds is presented and the phase behavior is studied using NVT and NpT Monte Carlo simulation. It is observed that for anisotropic particles with patches two different type of 3D ordered structures are formed along with thermodynamically stable monolayer which is confirmed using thermodynamic integration. The phase diagram shows that the desired 2D super structure can be created using simple self assembly route.
Food retailer response to price gouging litigation
Authors: Scheitrum Daniel , Schaefer K. Aleks , Saitone Tina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrice gouging laws are designed to protect consumers from skyrocketing prices, but are they beneficial in practice? In this research, we analyze food retailers' response to widespread price gouging litigation for table eggs at the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Our results suggest that price gouging litigation led to a dramatic change in US food retailer behavior, which persisted long after the resolution of many of these legal disputes. Major grocery retail chains responded to price gouging litigation by announcing price freezes on thousands of staple products. By rigidly adhering to pre‐pandemic price levels for eggs, we find that retailer response led to a breakdown in the historic dynamic equilibrium relationship between egg prices and the costs of major inputs. At a time when the cost of egg production increased sharply, we find that retailers chose to reduce their purchases and price promotions for eggs rather than raise prices. This suggests that—in response to price gouging litigation—food retailers are willing to accept empty shelves in lieu of increasing prices.
Phase separation‐induced nanoprecipitation for making polymer nanoparticles with high drug loading
Authors: Yang Guangze , Liu Yun , Jin Song , Hui Yue , Wang Xing , Xu Letao , Chen Dong , Weitz David , Zhao Chun‐Xia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasing drug loading remains a critical challenge in the development and translation of nanomedicine. High drug‐loading nanoparticles have demonstrated unique advantages such as less carrier material used, better‐controlled drug release, and improved efficacy and safety. Herein, we report a simple and efficient salt concentration screening method for making polymer nanoparticles with exceptionally high drug loading (up to 66.5 wt%) based on phase separation‐induced nanoprecipitation. Upon addition of salt, phase separation occurs in a miscible solvent‐water solution delaying the precipitation time of drugs and polymers to different extents, facilitating their co‐precipitation thus the formation of high drug‐loading nanoparticles with high encapsulation efficiency (>90%) and excellent stability (>1 month). This technology is versatile and easy to be adapted to various hydrophobic drugs, different polymers, and solvents. This salt‐induced nanoprecipitation strategy offers a novel approach to fabricating polymer nanoparticles with tunable drug loading, and opens great potentials for future nanomedicines.
A complementarity‐based vapor‐liquid equilibrium formulation for equation‐oriented simulation and optimization
Authors: Dabadghao Vibhav , Ghouse Jaffer , Eslick John , Lee Andrew , Burgard Anthony , Miller David , Biegler Lorenz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVapor‐liquid equilibrium (VLE) is a cornerstone of computer‐aided process engineering (CAPE). Embedded within process system models, VLE calculations are inherently procedural with non‐smooth behavior that frequently requires discrete decisions. Traditionally, these features resist the incorporation of VLE within efficient, large‐scale equation‐oriented (EO) process simulation and optimization strategies. On the other hand, recent reformulation of VLE models through the incorporation of complementarity constraints has broadened its scope to deal seamlessly with phase transitions and even supercritical excursions in process simulation and optimization. In this study, we extend these VLE complementarity models to EO frameworks where procedural thermodynamic property libraries are still required. Here we develop an efficient, non‐intrusive, and intuitive “square‐flash” equation system that has been implemented within the IDAES Integrated Platform (IDAES‐IP). The effectiveness of this modular approach is demonstrated on case studies for non‐ideal flash calculations and distillation optimization, with disappearing phases and supercritical transitions.
Localization, induction, and cellular effects of tau phosphorylated at threonine 2171
Authors: Rajbanshi Binita , Guruacharya Anuj , Mandell James W. , Bloom George S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionTau phosphorylation at T217 is a promising Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker, but its functional consequences were unknown.MethodsHuman brain and cultured mouse neurons were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence for total tau, taupT217, taupT181, taupT231, and taupS396/pS404. Direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) super resolution microscopy was used to localize taupT217 in cultured neurons. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)‐tau was expressed in fibroblasts as wild type and T217E pseudo‐phosphorylated tau, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) reported tau turnover rates on microtubules.ResultsIn the brain, taupT217 appears in neurons at Braak stages I and II, becomes more prevalent later, and co‐localizes partially with other phospho‐tau epitopes. In cultured neurons, taupT217 is increased by extracellular tau oligomers (xcTauOs) and is associated with developing post‐synaptic sites. FRAP recovery was fastest for EGFP‐tauT217E.ConclusionTaupT217 increases in the brain as AD progresses and is induced by xcTauOs. Post‐synaptic taupT217 suggests a role for T217 phosphorylation in synapse impairment. T217 phosphorylation reduces tau's affinity for microtubules.Highlights
Validation of anti‐tau phosphorylated at threonine‐217 (taupT217) specificity is essential due to epitope redundancy.
taupT217 increases as Alzheimer's disease progresses and is found throughout diseased neurons.
taupT217 is associated with developing post‐synaptic sites in cultured neurons.
Extracellular oligomers of tau, but not amyloid beta, increase intracellular taupT217.
T217E pseudo‐phosphorylation reduces tau's affinity for microtubules.
Eu3+‐activated red phosphor Ca3YAl3B4O15 with low thermal quenching behaviour
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Lingling , Wu Meihua , Fang Minghao , Huang Zhaohui , Min Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper reports a sequence of a Ca3YAl3B4O15:xEu3+ red phosphor prepared using a high‐temperature solid‐state reaction. At the excitation of 396 nm, the samples emitted intense red emission centred at ~623 nm, which could be attributed to the 5D0→7F2 transition of the Eu3+ ion. The results showed that the optimum Eu3+ doping concentration of Ca3YAl3B4O15:Eu3+ phosphor was x = 80 mol%, and the concentration quenching mechanism of Ca3YAl3B4O15:Eu3+ red phosphor belonged to the exchange coupling between Eu3+ ions. The Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) coordinates and colour purity of Ca3Y0.2Al3B4O15:0.8Eu3+ were calculated as (0.6375, 0.3476) and 95.5%, respectively. Moreover, the red emission of the obtained phosphor Ca3YAl3B4O15:0.8Eu3+ exhibited a low thermal quenching behaviour with an intensity retention rate of 92.85% at 150°C. The above results manifest that the Eu3+‐activated Ca3YAl3B4O15 phosphor is predicted to be a promising red luminescent component for white light‐emitting diodes.
Measurement of protein in vivo turnover rate with metabolic labeling using LC–MS
Authors: Shi Yifan , Weng Naidong , Jian Wenying 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the protein dynamics of a drug target is important for pharmaceutical research because it provides insight into drug design, target engagement, pharmacodynamics and drug efficacy. Nonradioactive isotope labeling has been the method of choice for protein turnover measurement thanks to the advancement of high‐resolution mass spectrometry. While the changes in proteome in cell cultures can be monitored precisely, as the culture media can be completely replaced with 2H‐, 15N‐ or 13C‐labeled essential amino acids, quantifying rates of protein synthesis in vivo is more challenging. The amount of isotope tracer that can be administered into the body is relatively small compared with the existing protein, thus requiring more sensitive detection, and the precursor‐product labeling relationship is more complicated to interpret. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the principles of in vivo protein turnover studies using deuterium water (2H2O) with an emphasis on targeted protein analysis by hybrid LC–MS assay platforms. The pursuit of these opportunities will facilitate drug discovery and research in preclinical and clinical stages.
Degradation study of some pharmaceuticals in commercial formulation by electro‐Fenton process using a dimensionally stable anode cathode: Analytical technique, optimization conditions, and energy consumption
Authors: Appia Foffié Thiery Auguste , Ouattara Lassiné 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work was to degrade pharmaceuticals such as amoxicillin (AMX), ceftriaxone (CTX), and Telebrix (TLX) by electro‐Fenton (EF) process using a dimensionally stable anode (DSA) cathode, Pt‐RuO2‐IrO2 (PRI). For this purpose, the optimal conditions of degradation, the pseudo‐first‐order kinetics, the current efficiency, the electrochemical energy consumption (EEC), and the energy cost have been investigated. A spectrophotometric analysis technique has been developed. It is a simple, fast, linear, reliable, and selective technique with LOD = 0.013 g/L and LOQ = 0.04 g/L. The optimum working conditions determined are: Fe2+ = 0.2 mM, pH = 3, j = 20 mA/cm2, and (Pt, PRI) as electrode pair. Under these conditions, the EF process leads to a conversion of the parent compound. In addition, the degradation of compounds by EF follows pseudo‐first‐order kinetics. The EEC for the degradation of 1 kg COD of an organic compound is 99.48, 66.86, and 50.32 kWh kg COD−1 for AMX, CTX, and TLX respectively. The energy cost for processing these compounds is $4.92 (AMX), $10.03 (CTX), and $7.55 (TLX) with current efficiencies between 26% and 51%. Ultimately, the EF process using PRI at the cathode can be used for the treatment of real wastewater from health centres under optimal conditions.
Genetic fine‐mapping of anthracnose disease‐resistance allele Co‐14 present in the Andean common bean cultivar AND 277
Authors: Lima Laíze Raphaelle Lemos , Gonçalves‐Vidigal Maria Celeste , Vaz Bisneta Mariana , Valentini Giseli , Vidigal Filho Pedro Soares , Martins Vanusa da Silva Ramos , de Souza Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAnthracnose (ANT) is among the common bean fungal diseases responsible for significant yield and grain quality losses. Durable genetic resistance is the primary ANT control method due to the pathogen's high variability. Genetic studies showed that the common bean chromosome Pv01 contains multiple disease resistance genes, including the ANT resistance loci Co‐1 (Co‐12, Co‐13, Co‐14, Co‐15, Co‐1HY, and Co‐1x), Co‐AC, Co‐14, Co‐Pa, Co‐Perla, Co‐w, Co‐x, and CoPv01CDRK. This work aimed to: (i) perform the genetic fine‐mapping of the Co‐14 allele present in the cultivar AND 277, using recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between Rudá × AND 277; and (ii) identify candidate resistance genes in the Co‐14 allele based on the common bean reference genome. Initially, the Co‐14 allele was mapped between the single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers ss715645251 and ss715645250 at a distance of 2.0 and 19.6 cM, respectively. Fine‐mapping localized Co‐14 between the markers ss715645251 and BARCPVSSR01356, spanning a 40.51 kb region at the end of Pv01. Two genes are described within the Co‐14 region in the reference genome, Phvul.001G243800 and Phvul.001G243900. The linkage between the Co‐14 allele and the markers ss715645251 and BARCPVSSR01356 will be essential for plant breeding programs during the resistance gene transfer to elite cultivars via marker‐assisted selection (MAS). Identifying and functionally analyzing candidate resistance genes in this region will allow more efficient MAS by developing accurate markers for ANT resistance.
Regulating the Solvation Shell Structure of Lithium Ions for Smooth Li Metal Deposition in Quasi‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Zhu Jiaming , Kang Cong , Mo Shengkai , Zhang Yan , Xiao Xiangjun , Kong Fanpeng , Yin Geping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPE) are promising next‐generation electrolytes for high‐energy batteries, combining the multiple advantages of liquid and all‐solid‐state electrolytes. Herein, we a synthesized GPE using poly(ethylene glycol)acrylate (PEGDA) in order to understand how the GPE efficiently inhibits lithium dendrite formation and growth. The effects of PEGDA on the solvation shell structure of the lithium ion are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, which are also supported by Raman spectroscopy. The GPE electrolytes with optimal PEGDA concentration exhibit high transference numbers (t
=0.72) and ionic conductivity (σ=3.24 mS cm−1). A symmetric lithium ion battery using GPE can be stably cycled for 1200 h in comparison to 320 h in a liquid electrolyte (LE), possibly owing to the high content of LiF (17.9 %) in the solid–electrolyte interphase film of the GPE cell. The observed concentration/electric field gradient observed through the finite element method also accounts for the good cycling performance. In addition, a LiCoO2|GPE|Li cell demonstrates excellent capacity retention of 87.09 % for 200 cycles; this approach could present promising guidelines for the design of high‐energy lithium batteries.
Clustering and classification of vertical movement profiles for ecological inference of behavior
Authors: Barbour Nicole , Robillard Alexander J. , Shillinger George L. , Lyubchich Vyacheslav , Secor David H. , Fagan William F. , Bailey Helen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVertical movements can expose individuals to rapid changes in physical and trophic environments—for aquatic fauna, dive profiles from biotelemetry data can be used to quantify and categorize vertical movements. Inferences on classes of vertical movement profiles typically rely on subjective summaries of parameters or statistical clustering techniques that utilize Euclidean matching of vertical movement profiles with vertical observation points. These approaches are prone to subjectivity, error, and bias. We used machine learning approaches on a large dataset of vertical time series (N = 28,217 dives) for 31 post‐nesting leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea). We applied dynamic time warp (DTW) clustering to group vertical movement (dive) time series by their metrics (depth and duration) into an optimal number of clusters. We then identified environmental covariates associated with each cluster using a generalized additive mixed‐effects model (GAMM). A convolutional neural network (CNN) model, trained on standard dive shape types from the literature, was used to classify dives within each DTW cluster by their shape. Two clusters were identified with the DTW approach—these varied in their spatial and temporal distributions, with dependence on environmental covariates, sea surface temperature, bathymetry, sea surface height anomaly, and time‐lagged surface chlorophyll a concentrations. CNN classification accuracy of the five standard dive profiles was 95%. Subsequent analyses revealed that the two clusters differed in their composition of standard dive shapes, with each cluster dominated by shapes indicative of distinct behaviors (pelagic foraging and exploration, respectively). The use of these two machine learning approaches allowed for discrete behaviors to be identified from vertical time series data, first by clustering vertical movements by their movement metrics (DTW) and second by classifying dive profiles within each cluster by their shapes (CNN). Statistical inference for the identified clusters found distinct relationships with environmental covariates, supporting hypotheses of vertical niche switching and vertically structured foraging behavior. This approach could be similarly applied to the time series of other animals utilizing the vertical dimension in their movements, including aerial, arboreal, and other aquatic species, to efficiently identify different movement behaviors and inform habitat models.