bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptor‐Induced Fluorescence of Phenolic Polymers Based on Triphenylamine Derivatives
Authors: Kakuta Takahiro , Miyazaki Rise , Shinjo Yukiyo , Ueno Yukiko , Yamagishi Tada‐aki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConductive polymers facilitate the electrical current flow through the transfer of electrons and holes. They show promise for novel photo‐functional materials in photovoltaics. However, substantial electrostatic interactions between electron donors and acceptors induce polymer aggregation, limiting moldability and conductivity. In this study, robust donor polymers with high heat resistance were synthesized by bonding triphenylamine (TPA) derivatives and formaldehyde to phenolic groups. Resulting TPA‐based phenolic polymers exhibited flexible structures and fluorescence due to charge transfer with acceptor molecules. Furthermore, TPA‐based phenolic polymers’ capacity to distinguish acceptor molecule sizes correlated with their molecular weight, reflecting upon donor‐acceptor interactions. This novel optical trait in phenolic polymers holds potential for electronic components and conductive materials.
Characterization of the VO2 thin films grown on glass substrates by MOD
Authors: Wada Hideo , Fukawa Taito , Toyota Kazuaki , Koyama Masatoshi , Hiroshiba Nobuya , Koike Kazuto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the deposition of Nb doped vanadium dioxide (VO2) films on a glass substrate by metal organic decomposition (MOD) and their thermochromic properties. The difference in thermochromic properties of VO2 thin films on a glass substrate was investigated with and without a buffer layer of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO). The phase transition temperature of VO2 thin film successfully reduced from 83°C to 43°C on a glass substrate with a buffer layer of HZO. Without a buffer layer of HZO, the thermochromic properties of VO2 thin films deteriorated comparing with a buffer layer of HZO. HZO buffer layer effectively suppresses the miniaturization of VO2 crystallite size of thin film due to Nb doping. Moreover, it would block out the diffusion of Al, Na, and Ca impurity ions from a glass substrate and the partial oxidation of VO2 thin films judging from XPS O1s spectra and XPS depth profile analysis. We conclude that the insertion of the HZO buffer layer is a useful technique for controlling the transition temperature of VO2 for the smart window applications by MOD.
Retracted: Clinical and genetic evaluations of rare childhood epilepsies in Turkey's national cohort
Authors: Ünalp Aycan , Güzin Yiğithan , Ünay Bülent , Tosun Ayşe , Çavuşoğlu Dilek , Tekin Hande Gazeteci , Kurul Semra Hız , Arhan Ebru , Edizer Selvinaz , Öztürk Gülten , Yiş Uluç , Yılmaz Ünsal ,   Turkish Rare Epilepsies Study Group
Published: August 2023

Aycan Ünalp, Yiğithan Güzin, Bülent Ünay, Ayşe Tosun, Dilek Çavuşoğlu, Hande Gazeteci Tekin, Semra Hız Kurul, Ebru Arhan, Selvinaz Edizer, Gülten Öztürk, Uluç Yiş, Ünsal Yılmaz, Turkish Rare Epilepsies Study Group, Clinical and genetic evaluations of rare childhood epilepsies in Turkey's national cohort, Epileptic Disorders, 2023, (https://doi.org/10.1002/epd2.20150)The above article, published online on 16 August 2023 on Wiley Online Library (www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the Editor‐in‐Chief, Sándor Beniczky, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The authors asked for a retraction based on an experimental error which would alter the results of the study if corrected.
Durability Variation Among Medical Gloves Made from Existing and New Elastomers Poses a Risk to Public Health
Authors: Herkins Ashley , Cornish Katrina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite being an essential line of defense in preventing the spread of diseases, medical glove durability is neither measured routinely nor has standard specifications. In this study, a new glove durability assessment device is used to objectively compare the durability of gloves made of a variety of elastomers from different manufacturers. Results are related to several mechanical tests, including stress relaxation, tensile and tear tests. Overall, natural latex gloves far outperformed those made of synthetic elastomers, and there is great disparity among the different brands of nitrile gloves, some of which do not meet nitrile glove performance requirements. The study includes prototype gloves made from guayule latex, a domestic source of alternative natural rubber latex, currently under commercial development. The guayule gloves outperformed all other gloves tested, including those made from Hevea latex, without posing allergy risks. Mechanical analysis demonstrated that the guayule gloves are as strong as the best alternatives, are softer and more elastic, have better tear strength, and have such low stress relaxation that they cause very little hand fatigue during use. Guayule latex can address the need for domestic production of gloves to resolve supply chain and quality issues and encourage a shift back to natural latex gloves, which will significantly diversify the natural rubber supply.
Effect of fertigation levels on fertilizer use efficiency, yield, quality and economics of Robusta coffee
Authors: Mote Kishor Jalindar , Gokavi Nagaraj , Babou Codandabani , Mukharib Dharmapura Shamshudheen , Rudragouda  , Govindappa Madarakallu , Jayakumar Manickam , Chandrashekar Nagappa , Gopinandhan Thirukonda Nannier , Niranjan  
Published: August 2023

AbstractRobusta coffee production largely depends upon irrigation and nutrition management practices. These factors determine the increase in productivity and quality of coffee. Therefore, restrictions of Robusta coffee production due to soil nutrient deficiencies can be removed by applying the right quantities of fertilizers at the right time with the right method. A long‐term experiment was conducted to study the impact of different fertigation levels on the yield, nutrient use efficiency and quality of Robusta coffee. The present experiment was conducted on a randomized block design consisting of six treatments with four replications over a period of 5 years from 2017 to 2021 at the Central Coffee Research Institute (CCRI), Balehonnuru, India. The results revealed that among different fertigation levels, fertigation with 75% and 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer resulted in significantly higher yields (2117 kg ha−, 1821 kg ha−1) and yield attributing parameters, namely, total number of nodes/branches (49.1, 44.1), number of bearing nodes/branches (35.0, 29.4) and number of fruits/branches (758, 679) in Robusta coffee, based on the pooled mean (2017–2021). Therefore, adoption of the fertigation level with 75% of the recommended dose of fertilizers not only increased the productivity of Robusta coffee but also ensured a higher efficiency of nutrients (25%–30%) and cost–benefit ratio (1:2.48).
Are vertebrates constrained to two sets of paired appendages? The morphology, development, and evolution of pre‐pelvic claspers in the Holocephali
Authors: Jones Riley C. , Hall Kayla , Crow Karen D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHolocephalans exhibit auxiliary appendages called pre‐pelvic claspers (PPCs) that are located anterior to the pelvic fins, while pelvic claspers are pelvic fin modifications located posteriorly as modified metapterygia. Articulation points of the PPCs have not previously been imaged or evaluated in a comparative context, therefore, they may represent modified pelvic fin structures if they articulate with the propterygium. Alternatively, they could represent the only example of an independent third set of paired appendages in an extant taxon, if they articulate independently from any pelvic fin basal cartilages, challenging the current paradigm that extant jawed vertebrates are constrained to two sets of paired appendages. Two extinct groups, including Placoderms and Acanthodians, exhibit variation in the number of paired appendages, suggesting this may be a plesiomorphic trait. We evaluated PPC developmental growth rates, morphology, and articulation points in spotted ratfish (Hydrolagus Colliei, Holocephali). We also compared variation in PPC morphology among representatives of the three extant holocephalan families. Both, the pre‐pelvic and pelvic claspers exhibit a dramatic surge in growth at sexual maturity, and then level off, suggesting synchronous development via shared hormonal regulation. While mature females are larger than males, pelvic fin growth and development is faster in males, suggesting a selective advantage to larger fins with faster development. Finally, microcomputed tomography scans revealed that PPCs are not modified propterygia, nor do they articulate with the propterygium. They articulate with the anterior pre‐pelvic process on the anterior puboischiadic bar (or pelvic girdle), suggesting that while they are associated with the pelvic girdle, they may indeed represent a third, independent set of paired appendages in extant holocephalans.
Effect of applied shading during fruit ripening on tannin structure–activity relationships of grape skin extracts
Authors: Campbell James R. , Thomas Will , Waterhouse Andrew L. , Kennedy James A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHistorically, the effect of wine grape shading on flavonoids has investigated the impact of light incidence on proanthocyanidin (PA), flavonol, or anthocyanin concentration. In addition to concentration, the current experiment was designed to look at changes in PA composition, size and tannin activity through ripening. Tannin activity is a methodology for assessing the impact of structure and size on the affinity of tannin towards a hydrophobic surface and is considered to be a proxy for predicted astringency descriptive quality. In 2016 a shade cloth study was imposed on Cabernet Sauvignon on Mt Veeder, within the larger Napa Valley viticultural area. A control, which was unshaded, and two treatments consisting of 40% and 80% shade were applied at the onset of veraison.RESULTSResults showed significant differences in the composition and concentration of anthocyanins throughout ripening. Compositional differences in PA were also observed, where shaded treatments had a significantly higher proportion of galloylated subunits. The molecular mass of the extracted tannin was significantly lower in the unshaded control than in the 80% shade treatment. These factors led to a lower measured tannin activity in extracts from exposed fruit.CONCLUSIONThis work suggests that manipulation of canopy architecture, such as artificial shading, leads to changes in berry pigmentation, tannin composition and activity. These results show that the astringency and mouthfeel characteristics of a wine may be altered by vineyard management practices. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A retrospective analysis of COVID‐19 tracheostomies: Early versus late tracheostomy
Authors: Bui Roger , Kasabali Ahmad , Dewan Karuna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the impact of early tracheostomy (ET) versus late tracheostomy (LT) placement on mortality and decannulation rates of COVID patients.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of all patients infected with COVID‐19 who underwent tracheostomy tube placement in an Ochsner‐affiliated hospital from March 2020 to May 2022. Patients were identified using the electronic medical record and data was collated using the “Epic SlicerDicer” tool. Descriptive statistics were gathered and compared between patients who underwent ET placement and those who underwent LT placement. Patient demographics, previous medical history, tracheostomy procedural details, arterial blood gases, complications, and outcomes including time to wean from the ventilator, and time to decannulation were recorded.ResultsTwo‐hundred nineteen patients were included in the study. There were no statistically significant differences in liberation from mechanical ventilation rates between early and LT (62% vs. 55%, p = .19), or in decannulation rates (40% vs. 32%, p = .14). The mean duration of time to liberation from mechanical ventilation for early trach was 13.88 versus 18.17 days for late trach, however, no statistically significant difference was found (p = .12). Similarly, mean duration of time to decannulation was 41.17 days for early versus 47.72 for late trach (p = .15).ConclusionContrary to some studies in the literature, the results presented here suggest ETs are not associated with hastened liberation from mechanical ventilation or increased decannulation rates. Further prospective studies may be warranted in assessing the impact of early versus LT in the COVID patient population.Level of EvidenceIII.
Nanocomposite Solid Polymer Electrolytes with Polymer Blend (PVDF‐HFP/Pluronic) as Matrix and GO as Nanofiller: Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Lithium‐Ion Conductivity Analysis
Authors: Arwish Sajal , Manzoor Rimsha , Khan Khizar Hayat , Shah Syed Mujtaba , Ahmad Iqbal , Hussain Hazrat 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes (NSPEs) with PVDF‐HFP/Pluronic as blend polymer matrix, graphene oxide (GO) as nanofiller, and LiClO4 are reported. FTIR spectroscopy reveals the crystal phase transformation of PVDF‐HFP from nonpolar α phase to electroactive γ phase upon salt addition that suggests the ion‐dipole interaction between the salt and the matrix. Further, Pluronic not only hinders the PVDF crystallization that increases the amorphous character of the matrix but also interacts with the salt and hence assists in salt dissociation in the blend matrix. The dc conductivity of PVDF‐HFP/Pluronic/LiClO4 blend SPE improves with increasing the Pluronic content reaching 0.73 × 10−6 Scm−1 at room temperature with 60 wt.% Pluronic. The dispersion of GO in the same blend SPE leads to a significant jump in room temperature ion conductivity (≈1.2 × 10−6 Scm−1) with 0.4% GO. Temperature‐dependent ion conductivity of the NSPEs reveals an Arrhenius type thermally activated process. The dc polarization data indicates that the conductivity is predominantly due to ions. Impedance plots exhibit a distorted semicircle at higher frequency and a tilted spike at lower frequency. The spike is an indication of ion diffusion and electrode polarization effect. Further, GO also has enhanced the mechanical properties of the fabricated NSPEs.
Daily Habits in Parkinson's Disease: Validation of the Daily Habit Scale
Authors: Georgiev Dejan , Torkmani Asma , Song Ruifeng , Limousin Patricia , Jahanshahi Marjan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to validate a new scale for assessing habitual behavior—the Daily Habit Scale in patients with Parkinson's disease.BackgroundParkinson's disease patients are impaired in habit learning and skill acquisition. Despite repeated practice, they have difficulty developing habitual responses.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐nine patients (Median (Mdn) = 69 [64–76], 65 females) participated in the study. Corrected item‐to‐total correlations were calculated to assess the item‐convergent and item discriminant validity. Confirmatory factor analysis and assessment of internal consistency were also carried out. Concurrent validity in respect to measures of anxiety and depression, apathy, impulsivity, personality, multidimensional health locus of control, and health‐related quality of life was also calculated. To determine the test–retest reliability of the scale, 30 patients (Mdn = 69 [66–73], 9 females) completed a second copy of the scale 6 months after the first.ResultsTwenty‐nine items (76%) and 9 items (24%) of the 38‐item scale, respectively, showed a very good and good convergent validity. All the items discriminated between their own factor and the other factors. The comparative fit index of 0.932 indicated an acceptable model fit of the data, whereas the root mean square error of approximation of 0.06 moderate model fit. The scale had a good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.792), and a moderate test–retest reliability (0.57). Females had higher scores on two factors compared to men (Factor 3: household activities and Factor 8: sleep‐related activities).ConclusionsThe Daily Habit Scale is a reliable and valid tool to measure daily habits in Parkinson's disease.
A tabu search with geometry‐based sparsification methods for angular traveling salesman problems
Authors: Cavagnini Rossana , Schneider Michael , Theiß Alina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe angular‐metric traveling salesman problem (AngleTSP) aims to find a tour visiting a given set of vertices in the Euclidean plane exactly once while minimizing the cost given by the sum of all turning angles. If the cost is obtained by combining the sum of all turning angles and the traveled distance, the problem is called angular‐distance‐metric traveling salesman problem (AngleDistanceTSP). In this work, we study the symmetric variants of these problems. Because both the AngleTSP and AngleDistanceTSP are NP‐hard, multiple heuristic approaches have been proposed in the literature. Nevertheless, a good tradeoff between solution quality and runtime is hard to find. We propose a granular tabu search (GTS) that considers the geometric features of the two problems in the design of starting solutions and sparsification methods. We further enrich the GTS with components that guarantee both intensification and diversification during the search. The computational results on benchmark instances from the literature show that (i) for the AngleTSP, our GTS lies on the Pareto frontier of the best performing‐heuristics, and (ii) for the AngleDistanceTSP, our GTS provides the best solution quality across all existing heuristics in competitive runtimes. In addition, new best‐known solutions are found for most benchmark instances for which an optimal solution is not available.
The Long-Term Safety of Topical Corticosteroids in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Harvey Jane , Lax Stephanie J. , Lowe Alison , Santer Miriam , Lawton Sandra , Langan Sinead M. , Roberts Amanda , Stuart Beth , Williams Hywel C. , Thomas Kim S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are a first-line treatment for eczema, but there are concerns about their safety when used long-term.

Objectives
To systematically review adverse effects associated with longer-term use of TCS for eczema.

Methods
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohort and case-control studies reporting adverse effects of TCS (comparators: no TCS treatment, other topicals) in patients with eczema were identified. Included studies had greater than one year of follow-up, minimum cohort size of 50 participants, or minimum 50 per arm for RCTs. Evidence was GRADE-assessed. Prospero registration CRD42021286413.

Results
We found seven studies (two randomised, five observational); two RCTs (n = 2570, including 1288 receiving TCS), two cohort (all received TCS n = 148) and three case-control studies (cases n = 10 322, controls n = 12 201). Evidence from two RCTS (n = 2570, children, three and five years' duration) comparing TCS to topical calcineurin inhibitors found intermittent TCS use probably results in little to no difference in risk of growth abnormalities, non-skin infections, impaired vaccine response and lymphoma/non lymphoma malignancies. The five-year RCT reported only one episode of skin atrophy (n = 1213 TCS arm; mild/moderate potency), suggesting TCS use probably results in little to no difference in skin thinning when used intermittently to treat flares. No cases of clinical adrenal insufficiency were reported in 75 patients using mild/moderate TCS in the three-year RCT. Small associations between TCS and type-2 diabetes and lymphoma were identified in two case-control studies compared to no TCS, but the evidence is very uncertain. No long-term studies concerning topical steroid withdrawal or eye problems were identified.

Conclusion
This review provides some reassuring data on growth and skin thinning when TCS are used intermittently for up to 5 years, but many knowledge gaps remain.
Privacy Perception and Behavior in Safety-Critical Environments
Authors: Steinbrink Enno , Biselli Tom , Linsner Sebastian , Herbert Franziska , Reuter Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhen considering privacy, context, and environmental circumstances can have a strong influence on individual decisions and user behavior. Especially in crises or threatening situations, privacy may conflict with other values, such as personal safety and health. In other cases, personal or public safety can also be dependent on privacy: the context of flight shows how, for those affected, the value of data protection can increase as a result of an increased threat situation. Thus, when individual sovereignty—the autonomous development of one’s own will—or safety is highly dependent on information flows, people tend to be more protective of their privacy in order to maintain their information sovereignty. But also, the context of agriculture, as part of the critical infrastructure, shows how privacy concerns can affect the adoption of digital tools. With these two examples, flight and migration as well as agriculture, this chapter presents some exemplary results that illustrate the importance of the influence of situational factors on perceived information sovereignty and the evaluation of privacy.
Generic Consents in Digital Ecosystems: Legal, Psychological, and Technical Perspectives
Authors: Steffes Bianca , Salemi Simone , Feth Denis , Groen Eduard C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConsent is an important authorization basis for the processing of personal data. According to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), consents must be as specific and unambiguous as possible. In practice, however, this leads to users being overwhelmed by the large number of consent requests, which can ultimately be detrimental to freedom of choice. What the overwhelming number of requests for consent can lead to is reflected by the so-called cookie fatigue problem: users have become accustomed to accepting cookies on websites only to get rid of cookie banners as quickly as possible. As cookies do not always lead to the collection of personal data, the cookie fatigue problem cannot be transferred entirely to the problem we would like to address in this chapter. It only serves as an example for the consequences of overloading a data subject with requests for consent. As the GDPR demands that consent be informed and given freely, the current strategy of consent handling cannot be in the spirit of the data protection legislation. In this chapter, we present our vision of how consent can be integrated in the context of digital ecosystems from three perspectives: (1) achieving legal compliance according to data protection law, (2) demonstrating technical feasibility, and (3) assuring user-friendliness by adding cognition to the equation. Our approach aims to enable “generic consents” within a clearly defined scope and context. Although generic consents that serve as a “catch-all” are generally not allowed, we leverage the specific characteristics of digital ecosystems to impose limitations that can justify their use in this particular context. We will also detail the legal implications and present implementation options.