bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TLR4 sensitizes plasmacytoid dendritic cells for antiviral response against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus
Authors: Lim King Hoo , Wang Lishi , Dotse Eunice , Wang Meijun , Tiu Cheuk Ying , Wijanarko Kevin Julio , Wang Xin , Chow Kwan T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are a rare subset of dendritic cells that exhibit antiviral functions in response to toll-like receptor 7/8 stimulations. Alternative toll-like receptors such as TLR4 have been known to be active in plasmacytoid dendritic cells for immune regulatory functions. However, it is unclear whether these toll-like receptors differentially activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells as compared with canonical toll-like receptor 7/8 stimulation. Here, we assessed alternative plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation states mediated by toll-like receptors other than endosomal toll-like receptors via the RNA sequencing approach. We found that toll-like receptor 4 stimulation induced a high degree of similarity in gene expression pattern to toll-like receptor 7/8 stimulation in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Despite high resemblance to toll-like receptor 7/8, we discovered unique genes that were activated under toll-like receptor 4 activation only, as well as genes that were induced at a higher magnitude in comparison to toll-like receptor 7/8 activation. In comparison between toll-like receptor 4–activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells and conventional dendritic cells, we revealed that plasmacytoid dendritic cells and conventional dendritic cells expressed distinct gene sets, whereby conventional dendritic cells mostly favored antigen presentation functions for adaptive immune response regulation while plasmacytoid dendritic cells leaned toward immune response against infectious diseases. Last, we determined that toll-like receptor 4 activation sensitized plasmacytoid dendritic cells against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) single-stranded RNA by enhancing antiviral-related responses and type I interferon production. These findings provided greater insights into the toll-like receptor 4 activation state in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which can be beneficial for alternative therapeutic interventions involving plasmacytoid dendritic cells for various diseases.
A computational study for understanding the impact of p120-catenin on the cis-dimerization of cadherin
Authors: Su Zhaoqian , Vu Vinh H , Leckband Deborah E , Wu Yinghao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A prototype of cross-membrane signal transduction is that extracellular binding of cell surface receptors to their ligands induces intracellular signalling cascades. However, much less is known about the process in the opposite direction, called inside-out signalling. Recent studies show that it plays a more important role in regulating the functions of many cell surface receptors than we used to think. In particular, in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion, recent experiments indicate that intracellular binding of the scaffold protein p120-catenin (p120ctn) can promote extracellular clustering of cadherin and alter its adhesive function. The underlying mechanism, however, is not well understood. To explore possible mechanisms, we designed a new multiscale simulation procedure. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we found that the conformational dynamics of the cadherin extracellular region can be altered by the intracellular binding of p120ctn. More intriguingly, by integrating all-atom simulation results into coarse-grained random sampling, we showed that the altered conformational dynamics of cadherin caused by the binding of p120ctn can increase the probability of lateral interactions between cadherins on the cell surface. These results suggest that p120ctn could allosterically regulate the cis-dimerization of cadherin through two mechanisms. First, p120ctn controls the extracellular conformational dynamics of cadherin. Second, p120ctn oligomerization can further promote cadherin clustering. Therefore, our study provides a mechanistic foundation for the inside-out signalling in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion, while the computational framework can be generally applied to other cross-membrane signal transduction systems.
Increasing Mental Health Screening in Pediatric Subspecialty Clinics: An Improvement Project at Brooke Army Medical Center
Authors: Cocozza Victoria , Sickbert Lydia , Kenny Timothy , Espinola Dimas , Welsh Sebastian , Turner Zachary , Pieroni Kevin 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Mental health screening allows for the early identification of patients at risk of mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. The Defense Health Administration Procedures Manual 6025.01 established that patients older than 12 years of age should receive annual mental health screening assessing suicidality risk with a standardized screening tool.

Materials and Methods
To improve rates of mental health screening in this at-risk population, an A3 Lean approach to quality improvement was undertaken in the Pediatric Subspecialty Clinics at Brooke Army Medical Center.

Results
Baseline data of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or General Anxiety Disorder-7 screening from pediatric pulmonology and cardiology clinics were 6.3%. Plan-Do-Study-Act quality improvement methods evaluated possible interventions to improve screening. A standard operating procedure (SOP) outlining scoring and interpretation recommendations was distributed in pediatric pulmonology and cardiology clinics. Using the Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application, a post-implementation chart review was conducted for 8 weeks. With the initiation of Military Health System Genesis, the SOP was adjusted and a root cause analysis was performed. The pediatric gastroenterology clinic cares for patients presenting with functional abdominal pain; therefore, the clinic was added to the second iteration to determine if anxiety or depression may play a role. Providers were educated on documentation and coding. A second post-implementation chart review was conducted for 8 weeks. Over two iterations, mental health screening of new adolescent patients in pediatric subspecialty clinics increased by 794% from baseline. Our providers screened 50% of the adolescent patients.

Conclusions
With increased surveillance of an at-risk population, more adolescents will receive the standard of care. With refinement of the SOP and expansion to other subspecialties, this project has the potential to expand within Brooke Army Medical Center and other clinics in the Defense Health Administration.
Astrophysical uncertainties in the gravitational-wave background from stellar-mass compact binary mergers
Authors: Lehoucq Léonard , Dvorkin Irina , Srinivasan Rahul , Pellouin Clément , Lamberts Astrid 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) produced by merging binary black holes (BBHs) and binary neutron stars (BNSs) in the frequency ranges of Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo/Kagra and Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). We develop three analytical models, which are calibrated to the measured local merger rates, and complement them with three population synthesis models based on the cosmic code. We discuss the uncertainties, focusing on the impact of the BBH mass distribution, the effect of the metallicity of the progenitor stars, and the time delay distribution between star formation and compact binary merger. We also explore the effect of uncertainties in binary stellar evolution on the background. For BBHs, our analytical models predict ΩGW in the range [4 × 10−10 to 1 × 10−9] (25 Hz) and [1 × 10−12 to 4 × 10−12] (3 mHz), and between [2 × 10−10 to 2 × 10−9] (25 Hz) and [7 × 10−13 to 7 × 10−12] (3 mHz) for our population synthesis models. This background is unlikely to be detected during the LIGO/Virgo/Kagra O4 run, but could be detectable with LISA. We predict about 10 BBH and no BNS mergers that could be individually detectable by LISA for a period of observation of 4 yr. Our study provides new insights into the population of compact binaries and the main sources of uncertainty in the astrophysical SGWB.
Oryzomys palustris (Rodentia: Cricetidae)
Authors: Rose Robert K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Oryzomys palustris (Harlan, 1837), the common marsh rice rat, is an Oryzomyine rodent with a tail nearly as long as the head and body, grayish above and white below with long-toed white feet. This account is an update of Mammalian Species 176 on the subject species by James L. Wolfe (1982a), incorporating 103 new references, most published since 1982. Oryzomys palustris, one of six living and two extinct species in this Neotropical genus, is semiaquatic and omnivorous, being highly carnivorous in some populations. It is parapatric with O. texensis in the western portion of its distribution in the southern United States. Oryzomys palustris is classified as “Least Concern” (LC) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List.
Are Large Cardinal Axioms Restrictive?
Authors: Barton Neil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe independence phenomenon in set theory, while pervasive, can be partially addressed through the use of large cardinal axioms. A commonly assumed idea is that large cardinal axioms are species of maximality principles. In this paper I question this claim. I show that there is a kind of maximality (namely absoluteness) on which large cardinal axioms come out as restrictive relative to a formal notion of restrictiveness. Within this framework, I argue that large cardinal axioms can still play many of their usual foundational roles.
Boundary conditions for constraint systems in variational principle
Authors: Izumi Keisuke , Shimada Keigo , Tomonari Kyosuke , Yamaguchi Masahide 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We show the well-posed variational principle in constraint systems. In a naive procedure of the variational principle with constraints, the proper number of boundary conditions does not match that of physical degrees of freedom , which implies that, even in theories with up to first-order derivatives, the minimal (or extremal) value of the action with the boundary terms is not a solution of the equation of motion in the Dirac procedure of constrained systems. We propose specific and concrete steps to solve this problem. These steps utilize the Hamilton formalism, which allows us to separate the physical degrees of freedom from the constraints. This reveals the physical degrees of freedom that are necessary to be fixed on boundaries, and also enables us to specify the variables to be fixed and the surface terms.
CONSORZIO TUTELA VINI EMILIA v VIÑEDOS EMILIANA SA
Authors:   Appointed Person (Trade Mark)
Published: September 2023

Abstract
H1 Trade Marks — Opposition proceedings — EMILIANA — Wines — Protected geographical indications — EMILIA — Regulation 1308/2013 (as retained) — Transitional provisions — Effect on opposition proceedings started before Brexit — Whether applications for marks consisting of or containing PGI to be refused where use would not be prohibited — Scope of protection — Evocation — Basis of assessment — Average consumer — Relevance of extent of reputation — Whether registration prohibited under s.3(4) of the Trade Marks Act 1994 — Extended passing off — Establishing goodwill — Nature of the relevant misrepresentation — Whether misrepresentation as to geographical origin enough — Appeal to Appointed Person
Time-series analysis of radon concentrations for Bengaluru’s atmosphere
Authors: Kumar K Charan , Nagaraja Kamsali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis of the activity concentration of radon and selected meteorological parameters was carried out at Department of Physics, Bangalore University, Bengaluru (12056′44”N, 77030′25″E, 840 m above MSL). All of the measured parameters, with the exception of pressure, showed a clear diurnal trend, which can be explained by the presence of typical atmospheric processes such as temperature inversion in the morning and greater vertical mixing in the afternoon. Radon’s time series has a latent memory of sub-diurnal cycles, as shown via FFT analysis. The monthly average radon has higher levels of activity during winter months compared with monsoon and summer months. Days during the monsoon season had the lowest radon activity, which may be ascribed to the fact that less radon was being exhaled from the soil as a result of the rain. Radon was recorded at 8.06 ± 0.56 Bq/m3, temperature at 28.9 °C, humidity at 55.2% and pressure at 918 mbar.
A natural experiment to determine if FitEx works: Impact of a statewide walking program
Authors: Harden Samantha M , Balis Laura E , Armbruster Shannon , Estabrooks Paul A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The National Cooperative Extension System offers walking programs, but impacts are underreported. One program offered in two state systems is FitEx, an 8-week, group-based behavior change intervention. The purpose of this work was to evaluate FitEx through the RE-AIM (reach, effect, adoption, implementation, maintenance) Framework, with a primary focus on reach and effectiveness (individual-level dimensions). Through a pragmatic, natural experiment, the impact of FitEx was assessed from 2015 to 2020. Reach was operationalized as the number and characteristics of eligible community members who participated. Effectiveness was operationalized as changes in physical activity levels. From 2015 to 2020, there were 1995 FitEx participants (274 ± 233 participants per year) who were 45.22 ± 14.13 years of age, predominantly female (83%) and White (78%). At the start of the program, 33% met physical activity guidelines and during the program 58% met guidelines (X2(1, 1648) = 1.6; P &lt; .0). The reach and effectiveness of FitEx are comparable to—and in some cases, greater than—similar community-based walking programs. FitEx consistently reached middle-aged insufficiently active adults. Future work is needed to reach a more diverse population, establish objectively measured impacts, and establish a process to scale FitEx across the nation.
Improving Outcomes in Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome With the Eat, Sleep, Console Method
Authors: Nicholson Sarah , Waskosky Aksana , Moon Debra 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a significant public health concern. A quality improvement project was executed in a neonatal intensive care unit at a large urban hospital. The aim was to address the prolonged hospitalization of infants and exposure to medications to treat NAS.

Purpose:
The goal was to determine whether the eat, sleep, console (ESC) method decreases the length of stay (LOS) and morphine usage when compared with the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (FNASS).

Methods:
The inclusion criteria were 36 weeks' or longer gestation and exposure to opiates in utero. The FNASS method was replaced by the ESC method with a refocus on nonpharmacologic care. Data were collected for 6 months during implementation of the ESC method and compared with the 6 months prior to implementation.

Results:
The results of the project include: the average LOS decreased from 25.9 days to 13.7 days, a 47% reduction; the rate of scheduled morphine initiation decreased from 58% to 7%, an 88% reduction; as-needed morphine initiation decreased from 33% to 7%, a 79% reduction; and the rate of adjunctive medication initiation decreased from 17% to 0%, a 100% reduction.

Implications for Practice and Research:
The outcomes of LOS and rate of morphine usage were significantly improved when using the ESC method when compared with the FNASS at this facility. The results support future implications including expanding the ESC program to the well newborn population at this facility and other similar units. Further research needs to be done on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Risk Factors for Extubation Failure After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Impact on Outcomes: A Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Byrnes Jonathan , Bailly David , Werho David K. , Rahman Fazlur , Esangbedo Ivie , Hamzah Mohammed , Banerjee Mousumi , Zhang Wenying , Maher Kevin O. , Schumacher Kurt R. , Deshpande Shriprasad R. 
Published: September 2023

IMPORTANCE:
Extubation failure (EF) after pediatric cardiac surgery is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

OBJECTIVES:
We sought to describe the risk factors associated with early (< 48 hr) and late (48 hr ≤ 168 hr) EF after pediatric cardiac surgery and the clinical implications of these two types of EF.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected clinical data for the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4) Registry. Pediatric patients undergoing Society of Thoracic Surgeons benchmark operation or heart transplant between 2013 and 2018 available in the PC4 Registry were included.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
We analyzed demographics and risk factors associated with EFs (primary outcome) including by type of surgery. We identified potentially modifiable risk factors. Clinical outcomes of mortality and length of stay (LOS) were reported.

RESULTS:
Overall 18,278 extubations were analyzed. Unplanned extubations were excluded from the analysis. The rate of early EF was 5.2% (948) and late EF was 2.5% (461). Cardiopulmonary bypass time, ventilator duration, airway anomaly, genetic abnormalities, pleural effusion, and diaphragm paralysis contributed to both early and late EF. Extubation during day remote from shift change and nasotracheal route of initial intubation was associated with decreased risk of early EF. Extubation in the operating room was associated with an increased risk of early EF but with decreased risk of late EF. Across all operations except arterial switch, EF portrayed an increased burden of LOS and mortality.

CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE:
Both early and late EF are associated with significant increase in LOS and mortality. Study provides potential benchmarking data by type of surgery. Modifiable risk factors such as route of intubation, time of extubation as well as treatment of potential contributors such as diaphragm paralysis or pleural effusion can serve as focus areas for reducing EFs.
Potential impact of specific therapy on pregnant women with pulmonary arterial hypertension without cardiac shunt: a descriptive study in northern China
Authors: Lu Weida , Li Min , Ji Fuqing , Feng Hua , Li Guo , Ji Qiushang , Zhang Hongyu , Cui Xiaopei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Pregnancy in women with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal condition, despite the effectiveness of PAH-specific therapies. The coverage status and effect of specific therapies in pregnant patients with PAH without cardiac shunts in China remain unclear. To investigate this issue, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study in northern China.

Methods
The study included 85 patients who were admitted to 4 clinical centers in Shandong Province between October 2010 and August 2020. Maternal endpoint events included (1) maternal death and/or (2) major adverse cardiac events, both occurring during pregnancy or within 6 weeks postpartum.

Results
Although the overall mortality rate was encouraging (11.8%), the number of patients receiving PAH-specific therapies was extremely low (28.2%). Moreover, only 15.3% of patients received adequate duration of PAH-specific therapy (≥4 weeks) before delivery, and this subgroup showed the lowest major adverse cardiac events rate (7.7%) compared with that in the untreated (19.7%) and short-time treated groups (<4 weeks; 54.5%).

Conclusion
Pregnant patients with PAH without cardiac shunts face significantly increased mortality risks. Short-term PAH-specific therapy does not guarantee favorable maternal outcomes. Prepregnancy screening, early identification, and timely intervention are expected to improve maternal outcomes in pregnant women with PAH.
Accuracy comparison of tomography devices for ray tracing–based intraocular lens calculation
Authors: Wagner Felix M. , Hoffmann Peter , Preußner Paul-Rolf 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the interchangeability of different tomography devices used for ray tracing–based intraocular lens (IOL) calculation.

Setting:
Eye clinic, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany.

Design:
Retrospective analysis.

Method:
Measurements from 3 Placido-Scheimpflug devices and 3 optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices were compared in 83 and 161 other eyes after cataract surgery, respectively. 2-dimensional matrices of anterior local corneal curvature and local corneal thickness are transferred to the ray-tracing software OKULIX. Calculations are performed with the same IOL in the same position of an eye with the same axial length. Differences in spherical equivalent (SE), astigmatism, and spherical aberration are evaluated. Furthermore, the influence of the size of the matrices (optical zone) on the accuracy is quantified.

Results:
For the Placido-Scheimpflug devices, the deviations from the average of three measurements taken for each eye in SE (mean ± SD) were 0.17 ± 0.24 diopters (D), −0.26 ± 0.29 D, and 0.08 ± 0.39 D (P < .001, analysis of variance [ANOVA]), for the centroids of the astigmatic differences 0.04 D/173 degrees, 0.14 D/93 degrees, and 0.10 D/7 degrees, and for the median of the absolute values of the vector differences 0.31 D, 0.33 D, and 0.29 D. For OCT devices, the corresponding results were 0.01 ± 0.21 D, −0.03 ± 0.21 D, and 0.02 ± 0.20 D (P = .005, ANOVA); 0.18 D/120 degrees, 0.07 D/70 degrees, and 0.22 D/4 degrees; and 0.26 D, 0.30 D, and 0.33 D. The accuracy of the calculated spherical aberrations allows for an individual selection of the best fitting IOL model in most cases.

Conclusions:
The differences are small enough to make the devices interchangeable regarding astigmatism and spherical aberration. Although there are significant differences in SE between Scheimpflug and OCT devices, the differences between OCT devices are also small enough to make them interchangeable, but the differences between Placido-Scheimpflug devices are too large to make these devices interchangeable.
Efficacy of first-line immunization combined with antiangiogenesis treatment and chemotherapy for the treatment of tongue cancer: A case report
Authors: Zhao Limin , Liu Yongmin , Chen Chunhong , Lv Lili , Xu Boran , Su Lihua , Gao Feng 
Published: September 2023

Background:
There is currently no uniform and effective treatment for patients with locally advanced oral cancer who cannot tolerate surgery or radiotherapy. The prognosis of oral cancer patients with lymph node metastasis is very poor, but the clinical treatment of such patients faces certain challenges.

Patients and methods:
Case 1 was a 59-year-old patient with tongue cancer (cT 3 N x M 0 G 2) who refused radiotherapy because of a history of leukoderma. After evaluation of disease condition, a 4-drug combination therapy of toripalimab + anlotinib + nabpaclitaxel + carboplatin was administered. Case 2 was a 55-year-old patient with tongue cancer (cT 3 N 2 M 0 G 1) who could not receive radiotherapy because of a medical history of cervicofacial burns. After disease evaluation, toripalimab + anlotinib + docetaxel + carboplatin combination therapy was administered.

Case summary:
Both patients did not experience any adverse reactions during treatment and achieved a complete response after 2 cycles of treatment. Their progression-free survival is currently 6 and 8 months, respectively, and they are in sustained remission.

Conclusion:
Currently, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-1 as a first-line treatment of inoperable and non-radiatable locally advanced oral cancer is unknown. Here, we describe 2 cases of locally advanced oral cancer treated with first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with targeted therapy and chemotherapy. This approach was successful in these patients, but a larger sample size is required to verify our findings.