bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping and measuring leadership practices intended to foster meaningful work
Authors: Mercurio Zachary A , Myles Tamara , Adams Wesley , Clifton Jeremy D. W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Experiencing meaningful work is strongly linked to occupational health, and organizational leaders can play a role in facilitating meaningful work through various practices. However, studies identifying and classifying specific leadership practices that foster meaningful work are limited. In this article, we distill and clarify major ways leaders might enable meaningful work and contribute a new tool to assess them. In three studies of employees in various work contexts (N = 689; N = 647, N = 351), we administered a set of items measuring numerous practices leaders use to cultivate meaningful work elicited from a qualitative study of organizational leaders and a literature review. Dimensionality reduction techniques distilled these practices into six distinct domains. We then validated a diagnostic instrument to measure the extent to which leaders engage in each practice (the Practices for Meaning Diagnostic) and explored associations with employee experiences of meaningful work, psychological meaningfulness, and related variables, finding strong relationships. The six identified leadership practices are: communicating the work’s bigger impact, recognizing and nurturing potential, fostering personal connections, discussing values and organizational purpose during hiring, enacting integrity through modeling values-based behaviors, and giving employees freedom. Our results provide a way for leaders to assess practices intended to foster meaningful work and a way for researchers to test the practices’ effectiveness. We also describe contributions to research, theory, and practice.
Comprehensive analysis of 1-year-old apolipoprotein E-deficient mice reveals advanced atherosclerosis with vulnerable plaque characteristics.
Authors: KOTSOVILIS SOTIRIOS , SALAGIANNI MARIA , VARELA AIMILIA , DAVOS CONSTANTINOS , GALANI IOANNA EVDOKIA , ANDREAKOS EVANGELOS 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Apolipoprotein E-knockout (Apoe-/-) mice constitute the most widely employed animal model of atherosclerosis. Deletion of Apoe induces profound hypercholesterolemia and promotes the development of atherosclerosis. However, despite its widespread use, the Apoe-/-mouse model remains incompletely characterized, especially at late time points and advanced disease states. Thus, it is unclear how late atherosclerotic plaques compare to earlier ones in terms of lipid deposition, calcification, macrophage accumulation, smooth muscle cell presence or plaque necrosis. Additionally, it is unknown how cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters are affected at late disease states. Here, we used a comprehensive analysis based on histology, fluorescence microscopy and Doppler ultrasonography to show that in normal chow diet-fed Apoe-/-mice atherosclerotic lesions at the level of the aortic valve evolve from a more cellular macrophage-rich phenotype at 26 weeks to an acellular, lipid-rich and more necrotic phenotype at 52 weeks of age, also marked by enhanced lipid deposition and calcification. Coronary artery atherosclerotic lesions are sparse at 26 weeks but ubiquitous and extensive at 52 weeks; yet, left ventricular function was not significantly affected. These findings demonstrate that atherosclerosis in Apoe-/-mice is a highly dynamic process with atherosclerotic plaques evolving over time. At late disease stages, histopathological characteristics of increased plaque vulnerability predominate in combination with frequent and extensive coronary artery lesions, which nevertheless may not necessarily result in impaired cardiac function.
Standardized patients’ training for a high-stakes OSCE: Experience from a French medical school
Authors: Feigerlova Eva 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Standardized participants (SPs) methodology is widely used in the context of the Objective Structured Examination (OSCE). Training of SPs fornational licensure OSCE has to ensure the standardization and the reliability of SPs. The aims of the present study were to describe a single center experience in the process of the development of the SPs’ training framework for high-stakes OSCEs with the SPs as partners.
Methods : An exploratory single center observational study conducted between 2019 and 2021 describing a workflow during the development of the training framework of the SPs for high-stakes OSCEs and evaluating its perceived effectiveness during a formative OSCE. Data were obtained through self-assessment questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze items of the questionnaires. Free-text answers were analyzed thematically.
Results
In total, 17 out of 20 members (85%) of our SPs bank participated in the development of the training framework comporting three two-hour sessions and its evaluation during three formative OSCE session. Sixteen examiners evaluated a mean of 27.7 +/- 3.6 SD patient-student encounters. In total, 93.5% of the SPs out of 16, considered the contact with students as easy and 87.5%, as comfortable. Four SPs (31%) reported the experience as stressful due to fears of making mistakes. Two themes emerged from the free-text comments of the SPs trainees: “ SPs gaining experience as SP” and “ Concerns for the evaluated students.” Free-text comments of the examiners revealed their interest to debrief the OSCE case in collaboration with the student and SP trainees.
Conclusions
The here proposed approach is feasible and might be useful for other medical schools initiating SP-based assessment programs. We plan to study the impact of the training framework on the students’ outcomes in summative OSCEs. Future research could explore the utility of self-efficacy as an assessment tool of the readiness of SPs. It would also be interesting to follow individual learning trajectories of the SPs.
Physical Properties of [Ni-(Mo/Cr)-Si]:[Ti/Nb] Bulk Metallic Glass Systems: A Comparison Study
Authors: Guddla Gayatri Tanuja , Katta Vamsi Krishna , Ambadipudi Satyadevi , Gandi Suman , SVGVA Prasad , Ravuri Balaji Rao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

We synthesized Bulk Metallic Glass (BMG) matrices using the general formula [Ni-(Mo/Cr)-Si]100−x:[Ti/Nb]x (x = 0–15 at.%) via mechanical high energy ball milling technique. Among them, one best sample is targeted in each series, based on their superior structural, thermal, mechanical and corrosion properties which are labeled as - NMST6 ((Ni75Mo15Si10)94Ti6), NMSNb10 ((Ni75Mo15Si10)90Nb10), NCST8 ((Ni75Cr15Si10)92Ti8) and NCSNb6 ([Ni-Cr-Si]94[Nb]6). The results revealed that mixing of optimum quantities of Ti/Nb content in the present BMG network helped to avoid embrittlement, overcome strain cracking problems, prevent pitting, and improved corrosive resistance which is essential to suit aerospace and lightweight vehicle applications. The variation in thermal (ΔT, Trg), mechanical (σy, εp, hardness) and potentiometric parameters (Ec, ic, Ep, ip) of all the targeted samples explained in the light of structural variation and glass modifying features due to the substitution of Ti/Nb in optimum quantities.
A machine-learning based model for automated recommendation of individualized treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Verboven Lennert , Callens Steven , Black John , Maartens Gary , Dooley Kelly E. , Potgieter Samantha , Cartuyvels Ruben , team SMARTT , Laukens Kris , Warren Robin M. , Rie Annelies Van 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis remains a global health problem with almost half a million new cases annually. In high-income countries patients empirically start a standardized treatment regimen, followed by an individualized regimen guided by drug susceptibility test (DST) results. In most settings, DST information is not available or is limited to isoniazid and fluoroquinolones. Whole genome sequencing could more accurately guide individualized treatment as the full drug resistance profile is obtained with a single test. Whole genome sequencing has not reached its full potential for patient care, in part due to the complexity of translating a resistance profile into the most effective individualized regimen.
Methods
We developed a treatment recommender clinical decision support system (CDSS) and an accompanying web application for user-friendly recommendation of the optimal individualized treatment regimen to a clinician.
Results
Following expert stakeholder meetings and literature review, nine drug features and 14 treatment regimen features were identified and quantified. Using machine learning, a model was developed to predict the optimal treatment regimen based on a training set of 3895 treatment regimen-expert feedback pairs. The acceptability of the treatment recommender CDSS was assessed as part of a clinical trial and in a routine care setting. Within the clinical trial setting, all patients received the CDSS recommended treatment. In 8 of 20 cases, the initial recommendation was recomputed because of stock out, clinical contra-indication or toxicity. In routine care setting, physicians rejected the treatment recommendation in 7 out of 15 cases because it deviated from the national TB treatment guidelines. A survey indicated that the treatment recommender CDSS is easy to use and useful in clinical practice but requires digital infrastructure support and training.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that global implementation of the novel treatment recommender CDSS holds the potential to improve treatment outcomes of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis.
The vibe of musical and social reward: Listening to beat-based music acts as a surrogate for socioemotional support during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Ptasczynski Lena Esther , Blättermann Patrick , Greb Fabian , Sterzer Philipp , Steffens Jochen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Music listening is subjectively efficient in surrogating socioemotional needs during the Covid-19 pandemic, although underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We here challenge the generalizability of music-based coping by testing whether the insufficient satisfaction of distinct needs during the first lockdown entails enhanced listening to beat-based music with medium complexity (BBMMC) stimulating the cortico-striatal reward circuit and triggering oxytocinergic propagation. A Quasi-Bayesian mediation analysis on open-source data revealed that, across 11 European countries, more severe social distancing measures evoke a decline in experienced social provision (SP), in turn provoking BBMMC preferences. The latter was best predicted by the SP dimensions of social reward and attachment, suggesting that the partial overlap in neurophysiological processing at dopaminergic and oxytocinergic sites enables BBMMC to specifically alleviate these socioemotional needs, which has important implications for the development of mental health interventions. Finally, a stress-alleviating effect of BBMMC was found pointing towards HPA-activity modulation through music listening.
Periodic Medical Checkup Among Health Workers at a Teaching Hospital in Ghana
Authors: Bayor Surazu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background. Periodic medical checkup is an essential component of preventive medicine and health promotion. Assessing the knowledge, perception and practice of health care professional on routine medical checkup set the tone for the general public.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 health care personnel, nurses, doctors and medical laboratory scientist, using a convenience sampling method, to assess their practice of periodic medical checkup. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire, with questions classified under demographics, knowledge, perception and practice. Data processing was carried out using Microsoft excel. Data was checked, cleaned and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science, SPSS version 21.
Results. The study found a high prevalence of knowledge among the participants. There was, at least, above 90% on all questionnaire items assessing knowledge. Similarly, participants exhibited a positive perception towards medical checkups. 98.7% said medical checkups are important whilst 99.0% said they would encourage the practice of periodic medical checkup. Prevalence of periodic medical checkup was 91.0%. Most of the participants recommended medical checkups be covered by health insurance whilst health facilities should also ensure an annual examination of its staffs.
Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of medical checkup among health care personnel at the teaching hospital under study, positive attitude as well as a high level of knowledge regarding the practice.
Self-Perceptions as Mechanisms of Achievement Inequality: Evidence Across 70 Countries
Authors: Hofer Sarah , Heine Jörg , Besharati Sahba , Yip Jason , Reinhold Frank , Brummelman Eddie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Socioeconomic disadvantage can become ingrained in children’s self-perceptions. These self-perceptions may, in turn, harm children’s academic achievement. Here, we asked: Do children’s self-perceptions help explain socioeconomic disparities in academic achievement around the world? We addressed this question using data from the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) survey, including n = 520,729 records of 15-year-old students from 70 countries. We identified five dimensions of children’s self-perceptions measured in the PISA dataset, i.e., self-perceived competency, self-efficacy, growth mindset, sense of belonging, and fear of failure. As predicted, across countries, children’s self-perceptions jointly and separately partially mediated the association between socioeconomic status and academic achievement. The positive mediation effect of self-perceived competency was more pronounced in countries with higher social mobility and lower income inequality, indicating the importance of environments that “afford” the use of beneficial self-perceptions. By contrast, growth mindset and sense of belonging were more strongly related to achievement in countries with lower social mobility, suggesting that those self-perceptions might become less important for achievement under more supportive external conditions.
Alexithymia as a predictor of Behavioral symptoms in a non-clinical sample
Authors: Aldawash Fouad Mohammed , Abdelrahman Rasha 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Alexithymia has been linked to several mental health issues, including depression and schizophrenia. Affective deficits, such as difficulty in emotionalizing and fantasizing, and cognitive deficits including difficulty in recognition, describing, and distinguishing feelings from bodily sensations of emotional arousal, characterize the personality dimension known as alexithymia.
Methods: The current study aimed to determine the range of alexithymia contribution to behavioral symptoms among adolescents and adults who did not attend psychiatric clinics and did not receive psychotherapy. Toronto alexithymia Scale TAS-20 was used to measure alexithymia. Items were formulated in the form of positive and negative statements.
Results: Total of 165 Egyptian participants were recruited in the study. Alexithymia predicted physical symptoms with a positive contribution rate of 29% (p-value=0.0001), obsessive-compulsive (OC) with rate of 12% (p-value= 0.0002), interactive sensitivity with rate of 16% (p-value= 0.0001), depression with rate of 26% (p-value= 0.0001), anxiety with rate of 29% (p-value= 0.0001), hostility with rate of 23% (p-value= 0.0001), fear anxiety with rate of 9% (p-value= 0.0001), imaginary paranoia with rate of 23% (p-value= 0.0001), psychoticism with rate of 19% (p-value= 0.001) and the total degree of symptoms with rate of 36% (p-value= 0.0001).
Discussion: The study concluded that alexithymia contribute to the symptoms in rates that ranged mostly between medium and strong levels, and there was no effect statistically significant for the interaction of alexithymia with age and gender in influencing behavioral symptoms.
Ethical Approval
H-B-R-17-Nov: National Center for Examinations & Educational Evaluation (NCEEE)
Case report: Magnetic resonance tracing reveals migratory patterns of cerebral sparganosis mansoni in a child with corpus callosum invasion
Authors: Chen Xiwen , Wu Huiying , Lu Lianwei , Zhou Ning , Chen Zhen , Zhang Xiaochun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Parasitic invasion of the corpus callosum is a rare occurrence in cerebral sparganosis mansoni. After the parasite invades the corpus callosum, it can take various trajectories, and can break through the ependyma and enter the ventricles, which may cause secondary migration and worsen brain damage.
Case presentation: A girl, 4 years and 7 months of age, presented with left lower limb paralysis lasting more than 50 days. Blood examination showed that the proportion and absolute number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood were increased, and ELISA of serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples revealed the presence IgG and IgM antibodies to Sparganum mansoni. The initial MRI in our hospital showed knot-like enhancement in the right frontoparietal cortex, subcortical white matter, and splenium of the corpus callosum. Within 2 months, MRI showed that the lesion had spread to the left parietal cortex and subcortical white matter, as well as the deep white matter in the right occipital lobe and right ventricular choroid plexus, combined with left parietal leptomeningeal enhancement.
Conclusion: Migratory movements in the brain are characteristic of Spirometra mansoni larvae. When worms invade the corpus callosum, clinicians should be vigilant that they do not break through the ependyma and enter the lateral ventricles, to reduce the risk of secondary migratory brain injury. Short-term MRI follow-up can help evaluate the trajectory of worms and dynamically guide treatment strategies.
Cross-lingual Entity Alignment based on Multi-dimensional Graph Convolutional Networks and Neighborhood Interaction Network
Authors: Mao Dianhui , Zhao Min , Zhao Liangliang , Sun Hao , Li Ruixuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Learning the embedding representation of knowledge graphs through graph neural networks and measuring the similarity between the obtained entity embeddings is the conventional method for achieving entity alignment in knowledge graphs, but many methods do not take the entity neighborhood information and interaction properties between entities into account. To address the above problems, an entity alignment method based on multidimensional attention mechanism and neighborhood interaction, namely MGNI, is proposed. Firstly, Bi-LSTM is utilized to construct the initial feature representation of entities and relations. Next, similar attention (SA) and heterogeneous attention (HA) mechanisms are used to learn entity structure features and interaction features, and the entities are embedded into a unified spatial vector. Finally, entity alignment is performed by integrating the information of neighboring entity nodes. The method is validated using the DBP15K dataset, and the results reveal that all Hits@1 values are above 70%, Hits@10 values are above 91%, and Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR) values are above 76%. Compared to other traditional entity alignment methods, the performance of each index of the proposed method is superior and now achieves the greatest level. Experiments including the deletion of each module in the proposed method demonstrate that each module has distinct impacts on entity alignment and that the proposed method can effectively increase the accuracy of entity matching.
Identification and characterization of the ZmHSP20 genes in response to high temperature in maize
Authors: Xue Ming , You Yiwen , Zhang Luyao , Cao Jinming , Chen Saihua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
High temperature is an emerging threat to maize productivity due to global warming. The HSP20 gene family has been reported to promote resistance to various abiotic stresses, but whether it is involved in high temperature response in maize is rarely known. Here, we identified 33 HSP20 genes (HSP20s) in maize via a conserved α-crystalline domain (ACD) scanning. The HSP20s can be divided into 14 subfamilies by the phylogenetic analysis. These genes distribute in all chromosomes and ten gene pairs may occur within duplication events. Fourteen members were predicted to have heat stress elements in their promoters, while seven of them locate in previously reported heat-resistance QTL (hrQTL) regions, accounting for 87.5% of the total hrQTL-related ZmHSP20s. Divergent tissue-specific expression profiles of ZmHSP20s were observed under normal conditions. Fourteen ZmHSP20s were co-upregulated in V4 and V5 leaves after high temperature treatment, while seven ZmHSP20s were stimulated concurrently in the kernel at daytime and nighttime high temperatures. These genes also show co-expression interactions with some ZmHSFs that are key factors in the heat-resistance pathway. The dynamic responses of candidate ZmHSP20s were further confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. Our study paves the way for further studies on the roles of ZmHSP20s in heat stress resistance.
Prognostic value of albumin to fibrinogen ratio for mortality in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Li Liying , Ban Chao , Ruan Haiyan , Zhang Muxin , Wang Ziqiong , Ma Min , Zheng Yi , He Sen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background Albumin to fibrinogen ratio (AFR) has emerged as a useful indicator for adverse outcomes in several diseases. However, whether the AFR could be a new useful indicator to predict mortality in HCM patients remains to be evaluated. The study investigated the predictive value of the AFR for HCM-related death in adult HCM patients. Methods A total of 404 HCM patients were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups based on the median of baseline AFR. The association between AFR and HCM-related death was analyzed. Results During a median follow-up duration of 4.75 years, 45 patients (11.1%) occurred in HCM-related death. The incidence of HCM-related death was significantly higher in the low AFR group (Log-rank p < 0.001). With the high AFR group as reference, the fully adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of HCM-related death were 3.15 for the low AFR group (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16–0.64, p = 0.001). No significant interactions between AFR and other variables were observed in subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analyses in patients with normal albumin and fibrinogen have showed similar results. Conclusion AFR is an independent prognostic factor for HCM-related death in adult HCM patients.