bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of distributed preview tracking controller for nonlinear interconnected systems with time‐delay
Authors: Xie Hao , Liao Fucheng , Wu Jiang , Li Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe focus of this article is to design a distributed preview tracking controller for a class of nonlinear interconnected systems with time‐delay. By constructing the error systems with the information of previewable reference signal, and defining an performance index, the original preview tracking problem is converted into the control problem of the error system. Based on the relationship between the interconnection matrices and the input matrices, a distributed controller using not only the local state vector information but also the interconnection term information is designed for the error systems. Under this controller, the closed‐loop error system is decoupled. With the help of Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, the sufficient conditions, the asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop error system with disturbance attenuation level, are established. The distributed preview tracking controller, which is composed of state feedback, integrator, and preview feedforward, is acquired by integrating the controller of the error system. The proposed preview controller is applied to the chemical reactor recycles system and double‐parallel inverted pendulum system. The simulation verify that this controller is very effective in improving the tracking performance.
Gender‐based impacts of COVID‐19 in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Onyeaka Helen , Tamasiga Phemelo , Mazi Ifeanyi Michael , Akegbe Hope , Osiri John K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe lasting educational and economic impacts of COVID‐19 have disproportionally disadvantaged girls on the fringes of society, extending beyond the period of imposed lockdowns. This study delves deeper into the education, socio‐economic, and gender‐specific effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic within the context of Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). The research illuminates how the pandemic has influenced economic activities and the roles of teachers, parents, and students in the educational process. Furthermore, the paper examines the efficacy of distance learning across diverse media in SSA. The findings suggest that children from rural settings might have limited resources to adapt and continue their education during school closures. Marginalized girls are substantially more likely than their male counterparts to leave school altogether due to these closures, placing girls and women at a heightened risk of experiencing the most severe outcomes of the pandemic. Female education has been notably disrupted due to the rise in child labor, violence, and pregnancies amidst the pandemic.
Synthesis, Properties, and Application of Ultrathin and Flexible Tellurium Nanorope Films: Beyond Conventional 2D Materials
Authors: Rani Adila , Ren Wanqi , Lee Ho Jin , Hong Seok Hee , Kim Tae Geun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanomaterials that can be easily processed into thin films are highly desirable for their wide range of applicability in electrical and optical devices. Currently, Te‐based 2D materials are of interest because of their superior electrical properties compared to transition metal dichalcogenide materials. However, the large‐scale manufacturing of these materials is challenging, impeding their commercialization. This paper reports on ultrathin, large‐scale, and highly flexible Te and Te–metal nanorope films grown via low‐power radiofrequency sputtering for a short period at 25 °C. Additionally, the feasibility of such films as transistor channels and flexible transparent conductive electrodes is discussed. A 20 nm thick Te–Ni‐nanorope‐channel‐based transistor exhibits a high mobility (≈450 cm2 V−1 s−1) and on/off ratio (105), while 7 nm thick Te–W nanorope electrodes exhibit an extremely low haze (1.7%) and sheet resistance (30 Ω sq−1), and high transmittance (86.4%), work function (≈4.9 eV), and flexibility. Blue organic light‐emitting diodes with 7 nm Te–W anodes exhibit significantly higher external quantum efficiencies (15.7%), lower turn‐on voltages (3.2 V), and higher and more uniform viewing angles than indium‐tin‐oxide‐based devices. The excellent mechanical flexibility and easy coating capability offered by Te nanoropes demonstrate their superiority over conventional nanomaterials and provide an effective outlet for multifunctional devices.
Unlocking the Potential of Tin‐Based Perovskites: Properties, Progress, and Applications in New‐Era Electronics
Authors: Yang Shuzhang , Wen Jincheng , Wu Yanqiu , Zhu Huihui , Liu Ao , Hu Yuanyuan , Noh Yong‐Young , Chu Junhao , Li Wenwu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectronics have greatly promoted the development of modern society and the exploration of new semiconducting materials with low cost and high mobility continues to attract interest in the advance of next‐generation electronic devices. Among emerging semiconductors, the metal‐halide perovskite, especially the nontoxic tin (Sn)‐based candidates, has recently made breakthroughs in the field of diverse electronic devices due to its excellent charge transport properties and cost‐effective large‐area deposition capability at low temperatures. To enable a more comprehensive understanding of this emerging research field and promote the development of new‐generation perovskite electronics, this review aims to provide an in‐depth understanding with the discussion of unique physical properties of Sn‐based perovskites and the summarization of recent research progress of Sn‐based perovskite field‐effect transistors (FETs) and diverse electronic devices. The unique character of negligible ion migration is also discussed, which is fundamentally different from the lead‐based counterparts and provides a great prerequisite for device application. The following section highlights the potential broad applications of Sn‐perovskite FETs as a competitive and feasible technology. Finally, an outlook and remaining challenges are given to advance the progression of Sn‐based perovskite FETs, especially on the origin and solution of stability problems toward high‐performance Sn‐based perovskite electronics.
Assembly of Metal–Phenolic Networks onto Microbubbles for One‐Step Generation of Functional Microcapsules
Authors: Tan Xin , Sheng Renwang , Liu Zonghao , Li Weikun , Yuan Renqiang , Tao Yinghua , Yang Ning , Ge Liqin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe one‐step assembly of metal–phenolic networks (MPNs) onto particle templates can enable the facile, rapid, and robust construction of hollow microcapsules. However, the required template removal step may affect the refilling of functional species in the hollow interior space or the in situ encapsulation of guest molecules during the formation of the shells. Herein, a simple strategy for the one‐step generation of functional MPNs microcapsules is proposed. This method uses bovine serum albumin microbubbles (BSA MBs) as soft templates and carriers, enabling the efficient pre‐encapsulation of guest species by leveraging the coordination assembly of tannic acid (TA) and FeIII ions. The addition of TA and FeIII induces a change in the protein conformation of BSA MBs and produces semipermeable capsule shells, which allow gas to escape from the MBs without template removal. The MBs‐templated strategy can produce highly biocompatible capsules with controllable structure and size, and it is applicable to produce other MPNs systems like BSA‐TA‐CuII and BSA‐TA‐NiII. Finally, those MBs‐templated MPNs capsules can be further functionalized or modified for the loading of magnetic nanoparticles and the pre‐encapsulation of model molecules through covalence or physical adsorption, exhibiting great promise in biomedical applications.
Recent Progress in 2D Metal‐Organic Framework‐Related Materials
Authors: Xie Yun , Wu Xinyue , Shi Yuxin , Peng Yi , Zhou Huijie , Wu Xiaohui , Ma Jiao , Jin Jiangchen , Pi Yecan , Pang Huan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract2D metal‐organic frameworks‐based (2D MOF‐related) materials benefit from variable topological structures, plentiful open active sites, and high specific surface areas, demonstrating promising applications in gas storage, adsorption and separation, energy conversion, and other domains. In recent years, researchers have innovatively designed multiple strategies to avoid the adverse effects of conventional methods on the synthesis of high‐quality 2D MOFs. This review focuses on the latest advances in creative synthesis techniques for 2D MOF‐related materials from both the top‐down and bottom‐up perspectives. Subsequently, the strategies are categorized and summarized for synthesizing 2D MOF‐related composites and their derivatives. Finally, the current challenges are highlighted faced by 2D MOF‐related materials and some targeted recommendations are put forward to inspire researchers to investigate more effective synthesis methods.
DDoS attack detection in smart home applications
Authors: Chandak Ashish Virendra , Ray Niranjan Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn smart applications, edge nodes are deployed to perform faster computations. Due to the limited computational capability of edge nodes, collaborative computing is used in which multiple edge nodes collaborate for request processing. For faster processing, these edge nodes are used in many applications namely, smart homes, smart farming, healthcare and so forth. In this paper, we have discussed the use of edge nodes in smart home applications. The smart home application contains different types of sensors and these sensors generate various types of data. Edge nodes are used in these applications for the immediate processing of data. A data classifier is used to classify the data and to reduce delay in data processing. However, the data classifier is more susceptible to DDoS attacks. Hence, an efficient attack detection mechanism is required to detect DDoS attacks. We have used a Feature Selection SVM (FSSVM) algorithm to select optimal parameters for attack recognition. In this algorithm, the information gain ratio is used for optimal parameter selection, and SVM is used for classification. The FSSVM algorithm has been compared with KPCA‐SVM, SVM, and Naive Bayes. Simulation results show that the FSSVM algorithm provides better accuracy compared to KPCA‐SVM, SVM, and Naive Bayes algorithms.
A Comprehensive Review on Perovskite Solar Cells Integrated Photo‐supercapacitors and Perovskites‐Based Electrochemical Supercapacitors
Authors: Rahman Md. Mahbubur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly become a prevalent photovoltaic technology owing to their simple structure, low processing cost, and remarkable increase in solar‐to‐electric power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the intermittent nature of solar radiation induces some technical and financial challenges for its practical applications as a reliable power source. To address this issue, the integration of PSCs with supercapacitors (SCs) in the form of integrated photo‐supercapacitors (IPSs) has gathered significant attention. This integration can balance energy availability and demand, reduce energy wastage, and stabilize power output for portable and wearable electronics. Meanwhile, the excellent optoelectronic properties with mixed electronic and ionic conductivity of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have expanded their application as electrode and electrolyte materials for SCs and photo‐supercapacitors (PSs) applications. This review provides an all‐inclusive summary of the current state‐of‐the‐art research progress of PSCs‐IPSs and MHPs‐based SCs and PSs by highlighting their basics and integration approaches. It also discusses the challenges and prospects of these materials and technologies.
Prospects for developing allergen‐depleted food crops
Authors: Lokya Vadthya , Parmar Sejal , Pandey Arun K. , Sudini Hari K. , Huai Dongxin , Ozias‐Akins Peggy , Foyer Christine H. , Nwosu Chogozie Victor , Karpinska Barbara , Baker Alison , Xu Pei , Liao Boshou , Mir Reyazul Rouf , Chen Xiaoping , Guo Baozhu , Nguyen Henry T. , Kumar Rakesh , Bera Sandeep K. , Singam Prashant , Kumar Anirudh , Varshney Rajeev K. , Pandey Manish K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn addition to the challenge of meeting global demand for food production, there are increasing concerns about food safety and the need to protect consumer health from the negative effects of foodborne allergies. Certain bio‐molecules (usually proteins) present in food can act as allergens that trigger unusual immunological reactions, with potentially life‐threatening consequences. The relentless working lifestyles of the modern era often incorporate poor eating habits that include readymade prepackaged and processed foods, which contain additives such as peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, and soy‐based products, rather than traditional home cooking. Of the predominant allergenic foods (soybean, wheat, fish, peanut, shellfish, tree nuts, eggs, and milk), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) are the best characterized source of allergens, followed by tree nuts (Juglans regia, Prunus amygdalus, Corylus avellana, Carya illinoinensis, Anacardium occidentale, Pistacia vera, Bertholletia excels), wheat (Triticum aestivum), soybeans (Glycine max), and kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The prevalence of food allergies has risen significantly in recent years including chance of accidental exposure to such foods. In contrast, the standards of detection, diagnosis, and cure have not kept pace and unfortunately are often suboptimal. In this review, we mainly focus on the prevalence of allergies associated with peanut, tree nuts, wheat, soybean, and kidney bean, highlighting their physiological properties and functions as well as considering research directions for tailoring allergen gene expression. In particular, we discuss how recent advances in molecular breeding, genetic engineering, and genome editing can be used to develop potential low allergen food crops that protect consumer health.
Birth of first twin calves produced by intrafollicular transfer of immature oocyte
Authors: Trevisol Eduardo , Melo Alfredo José Ferreira , Lera Diego Messias , Alvarez Rafael Herrera 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn an adequate system of nutrition and management, the birth of twin calves can increase the productive efficiency in beef cattle. In this sense, genetic selection, hormonal treatment and the use of embryo transfer are strategies to produce twins in cattle. In the present report, we describe an alternative method for the production of twins based on the intrafollicular transfer of immature oocytes that resulted in the birth of the first twins reported using this technique. The expectation is to significantly improve the performance of the technique in the near future, making it another reproductive tool to be applied in the production and research sectors.
Nanoparticle shape effects on hydromagnetic flow of Cu‐water nanofluid over a nonlinear stretching sheet in a porous medium with heat source, thermal radiation, and Joule heating
Authors: Mohana C. M. , Kumar B. Rushi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, the shape effects of copper‐water nanofluid on magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a nonlinear stretching sheet in a porous medium under the influence of radiation, a heat source, and Joule heating effects are studied. The primary objective of this study is to determine which shape of nanoparticle is most effective in terms of heat transfer rate and to analyze how nanoparticle shape affects it. The governing PDEs are transformed to ODEs through similarity variables, and the numerical solutions are computed with the help of MATLAB's built‐in bvp4c solver. Plots of the velocity and temperature profiles are shown for various key parameters. The stretching parameter decreases both velocity and temperature, whereas the magnetic parameter, porosity, Eckert number, radiation, and heat source escalate temperature profiles. The heat transfer rate of lamina‐shaped nanoparticles is higher than that of other shapes.
Das Konzept der Konsensdemokratie
Authors: Kehl Konstantin 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungMit dem Konzept der Konsensdemokratie hat Arend Lijphart einen einflussreichen Analyseansatz vorgelegt, der es erlaubt, international-vergleichend zwischen Konsensdemokratien und Mehrheits- bzw. Konkurrenzdemokratien zu unterscheiden. Das Kapitel stellt Lijpharts sowie Adrian Vatters (modifiziertes) Kriterienraster vor und ordnet das politisch-institutionelle System der Schweiz ein. Wir diskutieren die zehn Kriterien und zeigen auf, dass die Schweiz fast alle Merkmale eines konsensdemokratisch angelegten Gemeinwesens erfüllt.
Sozialversicherungen und Sozialhilfe als institutionelle Grundpfeiler im Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen
Authors: Kehl Konstantin 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungSozialversicherungen und Sozialhilfe sind die institutionellen Grundpfeiler der Gesundheits- und Sozialversorgung in der Schweiz. Sie werden bezüglich Finanzierung, Zugangsvoraussetzungen und Leistungen gegenübergestellt und im Zusammenhang mit dem sozialrechtlichen Leistungsdreieck diskutiert. Wir werfen einen vergleichenden Blick auf die Ziele/Aufgaben, Adressaten und relevanten Fachlichkeiten des Sozial- und Gesundheitswesens und streifen aktuelle Trends und Diskurse, die für die Zukunft von Sozialversicherungen und Sozialhilfe relevant sind.
Third Industrial Revolution: 5G Wireless Systems, Internet of Things, and Beyond
Authors: Das Anwesha , Chowdhury Aninda , Sil Riya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCommercial 5G mobile communication installations are currently ongoing. A variety of reasons, notably rising business and consumer needs as well as the advent of much more cheap equipment, are driving 5G and IoT growth. Substantial carrier investments in 5G networks, frequency, and infrastructure, as well as the adoption of international standards, are indeed assisting in driving development and increasing investor interest in IoT. Today’s modern 5G mobile cellular systems are emerging beyond current 4G technology, which will remain to fulfill diverse applications. 5G, which is expected to last a long time, may meet present needs like intelligent power applications while also forecasting future use cases like self-driving automobiles. Mobile operators would need to guarantee to ensure its added versatility simultaneously present as well as future use cases need as companies oversee the growth of technology. Cautious providers would control their expenditures to assure customer service as infrastructures migrate to 5G. The majority of 5G use case scenarios fall into three broad segments: improved mobile broadband (eMBB), enormous IoT, as well as critical communications, within each set of performance, and bandwidth, including delay needs. While 4G would remain to be utilized for so many consumers and commercial IoT scenarios, 5G offers IoT features that 4G as well as other networks do not. This would include 5G's capacity to accommodate a massive amount of fixed and portable IoT systems with variable speeds, capacity, and service level needs. As the Internet of Things develops, the adaptability of 5G would become increasingly more important for organizations wanting to satisfy the stringent needs of vital connectivity. Because of 5G's ultra-reliability as well as reduced latency, self-driving vehicles, intelligent power infrastructures, better industrial automation, and some other demanding technologies are becoming a possibility. While 5G increases Internet bandwidth, cloud services, machine intelligence, as well as cloud technologies would all assist to manage huge data quantities created by IoT. Additional 5G advancements, like low latency, and non-public networking, including the core of 5G, would eventually help realize the goals of an IoT network that is worldwide and capable of sustaining connectivity that is larger in size.
Wireless Backhaul Optimization Algorithm in 5G Communication
Authors: Sharma Astha , Soni Mukesh , Nand Abhaya , Singh Suryabhan Pratap , Kumar Sumit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA wireless backhaul optimization approach using a delay jitter is suggested to handle the wireless backhaul issue for 5G dynamic heterogeneous situations. First, the delay and delay jitter issues in 5G dynamic heterogeneous situations are carefully evaluated, optimization indicators are defined, and the fundamental backhaul model is further built. Then, considering the optimization action needs, include delay constraints to create better model 1; examine network overload, relax channel number allocation variables to construct improved model 2, and present a matching hierarchical method for a quick solution. The simulation results reveal that the suggested approach has improved delay jitter performance compared with three kinds of current wireless backhaul optimization algorithms.
Enhanced negative energy with a massless Dirac field
Authors: Swingle Brian , Van Raamsdonk Mark 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Motivated by traversable wormhole constructions that require large amounts of negative energy, we explore constraints on the amount of negative energy that can be carried by a free Dirac field in a slab-shaped region between two parallel spatial planes. Specifically, we ask what is the minimum possible uniform energy density that can exist at some time, considering all possible states and all possibilities for the physics outside the slab. The vacuum state where we identify the two sides of the slab with antiperiodic boundary conditions gives one possible state with uniform negative energy, but we argue that states with more negative energy exist above 1+1 dimensions. Technically, we reduce the problem to studying a massive Dirac field on an interval in 1+1 dimensions and numerically search for states with uniform energy density in a lattice regulated model. We succeed in finding states with enhanced negative energy (relative to the antiperiodic vacuum) which also appear to have a sensible continuum limit. Our results for the mass-dependence of the minimum uniform energy density in 1+1 dimensions suggest that for a 3+1 dimensional massless Dirac fermion, it is possible to have states with arbitrarily large uniform negative energy density in an arbitrarily wide slab.
Semiclassical quantization of the superstring and Hagedorn temperature
Authors: Bigazzi Francesco , Canneti Tommaso , Mück Wolfgang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In a recent paper [1], the semiclassical quantization of a string, winding once around the compact Euclidean time circle, on a supergravity background dual to the deep infrared regime of a confining finite temperature gauge theory, was carried out. The string mass-shell condition and, by extrapolation, the Hagedorn temperature to leading order in the holographic limit was deduced. In this work, we improve on those results in three ways. First, we fix some missing details of the related light-cone quantization analysis. Second, we reconsider the problem under the lens of a background-covariant geometrical formalism. This allows us to put the semiclassical mass-shell condition on more solid grounds. Finally, going beyond the semiclassical regime, we compute the Hagedorn temperature at next-to-leading order in the holographic limit. The sub-leading correction turns out to arise entirely from the contribution of the zero modes of the massive worldsheet scalar fields. Our result matches that of a recent analysis in the literature based on the Horowitz-Polchinski stringy star effective model.