bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seeking Legitimation in Political Uncertainties: Reforming the Media
Authors: Kow Kwan Yee , Khoo Ying Hooi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe media in Malaysia have long been controlled by censorship laws, and media bias has long been identified as a key hindrance to progressive discussion in the public sphere, as the government traditionally controls the media. The former Pakatan Harapan (PH) government made media reform promises in their election manifesto, which covered the repeal of laws deemed oppressive and a threat to free speech, and importantly, the support for self-regulation mechanisms through a media council. The Malaysian Media Council (MMC) was formed in December 2019 with 17 pro-tem committee members. Yet, the future of media reform is uncertain because systemic barriers remain. Besides the continued existence of censorship laws, some media organisations retain patronage by political parties and different sectors of society have distinct expectations of policy outcomes. Moreover, the fate of media reform is unclear after the Perikatan Nasional (PN) government came to power in late February 2020. This chapter employs a content analysis of press releases and news articles, supplemented by participant observation, to explore the legitimation of media reform. It first provides an overview of progress on media reform, and then analyses the challenges and barriers faced by members of the MMC and activists who fight for media reform. This chapter suggests that Malaysia is expected to continue to witness policies that limit media freedom rather than those that pursue media reform.
Framing the Tanjung Piai By-Election in Multilingual Malaysian Newspapers
Authors: Fernandez Prasana Rosaline , Fong Yang Lai , Rajaratnam Usha Devi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter analyses how multilingual mainstream Malaysian newspapers reported the Tanjung Piai by-election of November 2019. The Tanjung Piai parliamentary seat became vacant after the death of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) Member of Parliament. Barisan Nasional (BN) held the seat previously but lost it to PH in the 2018 general elections. This by-election was important because it indicated the people’s confidence in PH and the Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad. This chapter uses framing theory to explain how the media structure their delivery of news, promoting interpretations of events by selecting certain facts. Frames appearing in the media are important when they resonate with the audience’s strongly held perceptions. Articles in Harian Metro, Malaysiakini, The Star and Sin Chew Daily are analysed to determine the intensity of coverage, the predominant sources, the frames and the valence of the articles towards PH and Mahathir Mohamad. The analysis reveals that BN’s resounding victory is a strong indication of the people’s disappointment with the government and their efforts at reforms. The voters protested PH with an intention to ‘teach it a lesson’ by voting for BN’s candidate.
Wearable and flexible electrochemical sensors for sweat analysis: a review
Authors: Gao Fupeng , Liu Chunxiu , Zhang Lichao , Liu Tiezhu , Wang Zheng , Song Zixuan , Cai Haoyuan , Fang Zhen , Chen Jiamin , Wang Junbo , Han Mengdi , Wang Jun , Lin Kai , Wang Ruoyong , Li Mingxiao , Mei Qian , Ma Xibo , Liang Shuli , Gou Guangyang , Xue Ning 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFlexible wearable sweat sensors allow continuous, real-time, noninvasive detection of sweat analytes, provide insight into human physiology at the molecular level, and have received significant attention for their promising applications in personalized health monitoring. Electrochemical sensors are the best choice for wearable sweat sensors due to their high performance, low cost, miniaturization, and wide applicability. Recent developments in soft microfluidics, multiplexed biosensing, energy harvesting devices, and materials have advanced the compatibility of wearable electrochemical sweat-sensing platforms. In this review, we summarize the potential of sweat for medical detection and methods for sweat stimulation and collection. This paper provides an overview of the components of wearable sweat sensors and recent developments in materials and power supply technologies and highlights some typical sensing platforms for different types of analytes. Finally, the paper ends with a discussion of the challenges and a view of the prospective development of this exciting field.
Parameter estimation based on novel enhanced self‐learning particle swarm optimization algorithm with Levy flight for PMSG
Authors: Feng Wan , Li Mengdi , Zhang Wenjuan , Zhang Haixia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA novel parameter estimation method is proposed for the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), which is implemented by an enhanced self‐learning particle swarm optimization algorithm with Levy flight (SLPSO), and the problem of lower parameter estimation precision of standard PSO is obviated. This method injects currents of different intensities into the d‐axis in a time‐sharing manner to solve the problem of equation under‐ranking, and the mathematical model for full‐rank parameter estimation is developed. The speed term of PSO is simplified to expedite the convergence of PSO, and a strategy with chaotic decline for the inertia weight of PSO is adopted to strengthen its ability to jump out of the local optimum. Moreover, the self‐learning dense fleeing strategy (SLDF) is proposed where particles perform diffusion learning based on population density information and Levy flight, the evolutionary unitary problem and human intervention in the evolutionary process is averted. Furthermore, the memory tempering annealing algorithm (MTA) and greedy algorithm (GA) is integrated into the algorithm, MTA can facilitate the exploration of potentially better regions, and GA for local optimization enhances the convergence speed and accuracy in late stage of the algorithm. Comparing the proposed method with several existing PSO algorithms through simulation and experiments, the experimental data show that the proposed method can effectively track variable parameters under different working conditions and has better robustness.
Normal Fetal Growth Profile at 10–41 Weeks of Gestation – An Update Based on 10225 Normal Singleton Pregnancies and Measurement of the Fetal Parameters Using 3D Ultrasound
Authors: Merz Eberhard , Pashaj Sonila , Wellek Stefan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective To construct new growth charts and tables for the following fetal growth parameters: biparietal diameter (BPD), occipitofrontal diameter (OFD), head circumference (HC), abdominal transverse diameter (ATD), abdominal sagittal diameter (ASD), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (Fe), tibia length (Ti), fibula length (Fi), humerus length (Hu), radius length (Ra), and ulna length (Ul).
Patients and Methods This prospective study was conducted at a level III ultrasound center as a population-based cross-sectional study on 10 225 normal singleton pregnancies with a gestational age between 10 and 41 completed weeks. Gestational age was confirmed in all cases by an ultrasound examination with crown-rump measurement before 10 weeks of gestation. All examinations were performed with 3 D probes. BPD, OFD, ATD, and ASD were measured as outer-to-outer measurements (skin-to-skin) after identifying the exact biometric planes by 3 D multiplanar display. HC was computed using the formula

. For AC the approximate elliptical formula AC = (ATD+ASD)/2 × 3.142 was used. Measurements of the limb bones included the entire ossified shaft.
Results Based on a nonlinear regression model for the age-specific mean values, distribution-free reference ranges were calculated for the parameters BPD, OFD, HC, ATD, ASD, AC, Fe, Ti, Fi, Hu, Ra and Ul. The new reference ranges were compared with our reference ranges published in 1996 as well as with different reference charts published by other authors.
Conclusion 3 D ultrasound allows a controlled demonstration of all fetal planes required for exact biometric measurements. The fetal growth profile including the 12 biometric parameters gives a precise overview of normal or abnormal fetal growth.
Literalizing emotions in Disney and Pixar
Authors: Deys Kellie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Frozen and Inside Out warn of the dangers of suppressing emotions. As the films literalize emotions into physical entities to emphasize that emotions exist and that we must address them, they challenge the ideas that emotions solely reside within us. Moreover, as they respond to the combined binaries of reason/emotion and male/female, which taken together label females as inferiorly emotional, the films dismantle the cultural delineation of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ girls, seen in many earlier Disney films. This chapter contrasts Disney’s portrayal of female emotions in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Cinderella with the depictions of young female characters’ emotional lives in Frozen and Inside Out. The latter films encourage their audiences to address and express their own emotional states, importantly legitimizing girls’ pain, and given the role that Disney and its films play in our culture, potentially impacting broader understanding and acceptance of culturally denigrated emotions.
Grammaticalization of the periphrasis tenir + participle in Old Catalan (13th–16th centuries)
Authors: Antolí Martínez Jordi M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study deals with the grammaticalization process of the aspectual periphrasis tenir + participle in Old Catalan. Our point of departure is the dyachronic study (13th–16th centuries) of the semantic reanalysis of tenir + participle. In order to do so, we have embarked in corpora analysis and have adopted a theoretical framework taken from the Cognitive Linguistics. The change started in contexts in which the participle had a predicative function oriented to a direct object selected by tenir, with a durative-resultative value. As the result of gradual subjectification caused by contextually invited inferences, the construction will assume more subjective values between the 15th and 16th centuries. From these meanings, we observe the emergence – in the mid-15th century – of pragmatic uses of an intersubjective nature.
The vectorial analysis model and modal-temporal multi-functionality in the Spanish verb system
Authors: Veiga Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Temporal contents expressed by verbal forms can be represented, not only in Spanish, through a “vectorial” analysis – as sets of orientations directly or indirectly focused from a deictic center of temporal relations. Moreover, the systematic study of the correspondences between the grammatical uses that many authors have presented as the “main” ones and those that certain forms admit by simultaneously varying their temporal and modal values from the former claims the taking into account a certain degree of complexity in the functioning of verbal mode, as well as the identification of multifunctionality facts understood as the possible common expression of two or more combinations of doubly opposable modal + temporal contents with functional value in the structure of the system.
Plus ça change…?
Authors: McNulty Stephen Joseph 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The positioning of French as the official, explicit cornerstone of French Republican values has arguably remained unchanged since the Revolution. France’s relationship with the other linguistic varieties native to its territory, however, has been somewhat more volatile, culminating in the decimation of its so-called langues régionales. Such processes have been described concurrently within the academic literature from two opposing perspectives: “linguicide” and “linguistic suicide”. This chapter begins by examining the implications of each, before – drawing on the notion of “image planning” (Ager, 2005) – arguing that they must be seen as necessarily interconnected. Following this, the evolution of France’s ideological portrayal of its indigenous minority languages throughout history, through implicit and explicit language policies, is examined, and their impact upon speakers’ usage of, and attitudes towards, these languages considered. Finally, recent developments in macro policy are discussed, including their potential for reversing the effects of historical, institutionally reinforced, negative images.
¿Com justifica la Secció Filològica l’absència d’obres institucionals durant dècades?
Authors: Saragossà Abelard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
After separating science and ideology, the article justifies the whole work (which will try to deduce if an ideology predominates in the Secció Filològica). The cause is in the divergences that writers and language technicians have had with the institution since the 50s. After 1913–1917 (spelling), the Secció Filològica has been slow to publish works (dictionary, 1995; grammar, 2016). The absence would derive from the height of Fabra. But the article indicates that there were objective reasons for making works in the 50s and 60s, and that we had means. The pertinent fact would be the divergence between Coromines-Sanchis Guarner-Moll – who wanted the linguistic coordination of three peoples – and Aramon-Artells – who had a centralist ideology, based on Fabra 1918-DGLC. For centralism, which would prevail, it was preferable not to produce works. After relating the mythical explanation – the height of Fabra – and ideologies, the article shows factors of the 70s that make think about the maintenance of the centralist ideology.
Generational changes in VOT in Qatari Arabic
Authors: Kulikov Vladimir , Al-Hajri Najlla , Al-Kuwari Buthaina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The current study investigates variation in production of VOT in voiceless stops in Qatari Arabic. In line with Labov’s Cascade model, longer VOT in this dialect might be viewed as a new variable developing in the metropolitan area of Doha, Qatar. The results of the acoustic study of VOT in initial voiceless stops produced by 40 female native speakers reveal that variation in VOT can be explained by speakers’ age and social affiliation. VOT was 10 ms longer in younger speakers than in older speakers, and 10 ms longer in Hadar speakers than in Bedouin speakers. The results suggest that young urban females in Qatar produce long-lag VOT (M = 69 ms) comparable with VOT in aspirating languages like English.
Equative degree quantification in Damascene Arabic
Authors: Hallman Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, I document a degree-equative construction in contemporary Syrian Arabic. This construction is headed by the noun ʔadd meaning ‘size’ or ‘extent’, but I demonstrate extensive parallels in distribution between ʔadd and the comparative phrase aktar min ‘more than’. These parallels suggest that like the comparative, ʔadd functions as a degree quantifier, an operator that binds a degree variable in its scope. But it stands in the same asymmetric entailment relation to aktar min that English as much as does to more, indicating that ʔadd is an equative counterpart of aktar min parallel to English as much as.
Design and platform testing of the compact torus central fueling device for the EAST tokamak
Authors: KONG Defeng , ZHUANG Ge , LAN Tao , ZHANG Shoubiao , YE Yang , DONG Qilong , CHEN Chen , WU Jie , ZHANG Sen , ZHAO Zhihao , MENG Fanwei , ZHANG Xiaohui , HUANG Yanqing , WEN Fei , ZI Pengfei , LI Lei , HU Guanghai , SONG Yuntao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Compact torus (CT) injection is a highly promising technique for the central fueling of future reactor-grade fusion devices since it features extremely high injection velocity and relatively high plasma mass. Recently, a CT injector for the EAST tokamak, EAST-CTI, was developed and platform-tested. In the first round of experiments conducted with low parameter settings, the maximum velocity and mass of the CT plasma were 150 km·s−1 and 90 μg, respectively. However, the parameters obtained by EAST-CTI were still very low and were far from the requirements of a device such as EAST that has a strong magnetic field. In future, we plan to solve the spark problem that EAST-CTI currently encounters (that mainly hinders the further development of experiments) through engineering methods, and use greater power to obtain a more stable and suitable CT plasma for EAST.
Performance of Human Papillomavirus Attribution Algorithms to Predict Causative Genotypes in Anal High-Grade Lesions
Authors: Phillips Samuel , Cornall Alyssa M , Molano Monica , Jin Fengyi , Roberts Jennifer M , Farnsworth Annabelle , Hillman Richard J , Templeton David J , Poynten I Mary , Garland Suzanne M , Fairley Christopher K , Murray Gerald L , Tabrizi Sepehr N , Grulich Andrew E , Machalek Dorothy A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Gay and bisexual men (GBM) are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). Understanding the fractions of HSILs attributable to HPV genotypes is important to inform potential impacts of screening and vaccination strategies. However, multiple infections are common, making attribution of causative types difficult. Algorithms developed for predicting HSIL-causative genotype fractions have never been compared with a reference standard in GBM.

Method
Samples were from the Study of the Prevention of Anal Cancer. Baseline HPV genotypes detected in anal swab samples (160 participants) were compared with HPV genotypes in anal HSILs (222 lesions) determined by laser capture microdissection (LCM). Five algorithms were compared: proportional, hierarchical, maximum, minimum, and maximum likelihood estimation.

Results
All algorithms predicted HPV-16 as the most common HSIL-causative genotype, and proportions differed from LCM detection (37.8%) by algorithm (with differences of −6.1%, +20.9%, −20.4%, +2.9%, and +2.2% respectively). Fractions predicted using the proportional method showed a strong positive correlation with LCM, overall (R = 0.73 and P = .002), and by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status (HIV positive, R = 0.74 and P = .001; HIV-negative, R = 0.68 and P = .005).

Conclusions
Algorithms produced a range of inaccurate estimates of HSIL attribution, with the proportional algorithm performing best. The high occurrence of multiple HPV infections means that these algorithms may be of limited use in GBM.
Screening of marine lactic acid bacteria forVibrio parahaemolyticusinhibition and application to depuration in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas)
Authors: Sorée Marion , Kolypczuk Laetitia , Hadjiev Emilie , Lozach Solen , Verrez-Bagnis Véronique , Delbarre-Ladrat Christine , Heath Dominique Hervio , Passerini Delphine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aims to assess the use of marine lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to reduce Vibrio parahaemolyticus levels during oyster depuration process.Methods and resultsThe inhibitory effect of 30 marine LAB strains against V. parahaemolyticus strains was evaluated by in vitro assays. A total of three positive strains (Latilactobacillus sakei SF1583, Lactococcus lactis SF1945, and Vagococcus fluvialis CD264) were selected for V. parahaemolyticus levels reduction during oyster depuration. Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas were artificially and independently contaminated by four GFP-labelled V. parahaemolyticus strains (IFVp201, IFVp69, IFVp195, and LMG2850T) at 105 CFU ml−1 and then exposed by balneation to 106 CFU ml−1 of each LAB strains during 24 h, at 19°C. Quantification of V. parahaemolyticus in haemolymph by flow cytometry revealed variations in natural depuration of the different V. parahaemolyticus strains alone. Furthermore, the addition of LABs improved up to 1-log bacteria ml−1 the reduction of IFVp201 concentration in comparison to the control condition.ConclusionsAlthough further optimizations of procedure are needed, addition of marine LABs during oyster depuration may be an interesting strategy to reduce V. parahaemolyticus levels in Crassostrea gigas.
Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157: H7 in foods by emerging technologies: a review
Authors: Kim Han-Jung , Song Won-Jae 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Escherichia coli O157: H7 is a representative foodborne pathogen that causes haemorrhagic colitis, bloody diarrhea, and fatal haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Previously, only conventional heat treatment was used to pasteurised food; however, this method decreases food quality, including colour change, denatures proteins, and causes lipid oxidation. Therefore, emerging technologies to inactivate pathogens in food that affect food quality minimally have been researched and developed. This review aims to compile research since 2018 and briefly describe the inactivation mechanisms of emerging technologies such as microwave, radio frequency, ohmic heating, superheated steam, ionising radiation (gamma irradiation, electron beam, and X-rays), high pressure, ultraviolet light, pulsed light, ultrasound, gas treatment, plasma, and combination treatments. Pulsed electric field and electrolysed water were excluded because few research papers were published after 2018. In addition, the shortcomings of emerging technologies in the control of E. coli O157: H7 and the directions for emerging technology research are presented. Taking advantage of emerging technologies with many benefits will significantly improve food safety.
Decontamination of high-touch environmental surfaces (HITES) by wiping: quantitative assessment of a carrier platform simulating pathogen removal, inactivation and transfer in the field
Authors: Zargar Bahram , Sattar Syed A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report here a carrier platform (Teflon; 30.0 × 60.0 × 0.9 cm) and a carrier retrieval device to assess pathogen decontamination of high-touch environmental surfaces (HITES) by wiping. Each one of the nine metallic disks (1 cm diameter and 0.7 mm thick) received 10 μL of the microbial suspension in a soil load, the inocula dried and the platform then wiped with a piece of fabric presoaked in a control or disinfectant fluid; the used wipe was immediately applied on a second platform with sterile disks to assess microbial transfer. Each test and control disk from a given platform was separately and simultaneously retrieved into 10 mL of an eluent/neutralizer for assays at the end of the contact time (total of 5 min, starting from the beginning of the wiping). Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii were used as representative HITES-borne pathogens. The wipes tested separately contained 0.26% of a quaternary ammonium compound (Product A), and 250 ppm sodium hypochlorite at neutral pH (Product B). The control fabric (Product C) was dampened with a buffer containing a detergent. Product A achieved a &gt;4 log10 (&gt;99.99%) reduction in the viability of the bacteria on wiping with a barely detectable level of transfer of CFUs to clean disks. Product B achieved a &gt;2 log10 (&gt;99.00%) reduction in the viability of the test microbes while transferring a higher level of CFUs as compared to Product A. With Product C, there was a &lt;1 log10 (&lt;86.2%) reduction in the viability of the test microbes while transferring &gt;1% of the contamination.