bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deconstructing University Learners' Adoption Intention Towards AIGC Technology: A Mixed‐Methods Study Using ChatGPT as an Example
Authors: Wang Chengliang , Chen Xiaojiao , Hu Zhebing , Jin Sheng , Gu Xiaoqing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChatGPT, as a cutting‐edge technology in education, is set to significantly transform the educational landscape, raising concerns about technological ethics and educational equity. Existing studies have not fully explored learners' intentions to adopt artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) technology, highlighting the need for deeper insights into the factors influencing adoption.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate higher education learners' adoption intentions towards AIGC technology, with a focus on understanding the underlying reasons and future prospects for its application in education.MethodsThe research is divided into two phases. First, an exploratory analysis involving practical activities and interviews develops an action decision framework for AIGC adoption. Second, a confirmatory analysis using fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis on 233 valid questionnaires identifies six configurations associated with high adoption intentions, emphasising the roles of AI literacy and perceived behavioural control.Results and ConclusionsThe study reveals key factors influencing AIGC adoption, including the importance of AI literacy and perceived behavioural control. It provides actionable insights for educators and learners to prepare for and effectively integrate AIGC technology, ensuring equitable and adaptive educational practices.
Antagonisation of Prokineticin Receptor‐2 Attenuates Preeclampsia Symptoms
Authors: Sergent Frédéric , Vaiman Daniel , Raia‐Barjat Tiphaine , Younes Hadi , Marquette Christel , Desseux Morgane , Nahed Roland Abi , Kieu Trinh‐Le‐Vi , Dung Nguyen Viet , Keck Mathilde , Hoffmann Pascale , Murthi Padma , Benharouga Mohamed , Alfaidy Nadia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPreeclampsia (PE) is the most threatening pathology of human pregnancy. Placenta from PE patients releases harmful factors that contribute to the exacerbation of the disease. Among these factors is the prokineticin1 (PROK1) and its receptor, PROKR2 that we identified as a mediators of PE. Here we tested the effects of PKRA, an antagonist of PROKR2, on the attenuation of PE symptoms. We used the genetic PE mouse model, STOX1 that overexpresses Stox1 gene in a heterozygosis manner in the placenta. This model allowed exploiting two genotypes of the offspring, those that overexpress the Stox1 gene, and the WT that grow in a PE environment (STE). We characterised the effect PKRA (1 μM) on the attenuation of PE symptoms and compared its effects on STOX1 and STE placentas. We also used STOX1 overexpressing trophoblast cells to decipher the PROK1‐underlying mechanism. We demonstrated that (i) antagonisation of PROKR2 attenuated PE‐mediated hypertension and proteinuria, (ii) STE placentas and foetuses exhibited better outcomes in response to PKRA, (iii) the secretome of STOX1‐trophoblasts impacted the integrity of the fetal vasculature that was attenuated by PKRA treatment. This study demonstrates the direct involvement of the PROK1 in PE and identifies PKRA as a promising therapy for PE.
Protein Intake and Its Association With Meal Patterns and Dietary Patterns in a Swedish Population of Older Adults
Authors: Engelheart Stina , Karlsson Mikael , Lentjes Marleen A. H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMeeting protein intake recommendations is relevant for maintaining muscle mass. This study aimed to describe protein intake and its association with meal patterns and dietary patterns.MethodsAn in‐house designed, web‐based 4‐day record was used in the national dietary survey (in 2010/2011). Participants 60 years and older were included in the analysis (n = 533). Protein intake was described by hour of consumption, self‐indicated meals and food source. Eating and drinking occasion (EDO) and food groups were defined, from which meal patterns and three a posteriori dietary patterns (using principal component analysis) were assessed.ResultsWe observed a mean protein intake of just over 1 g/kg body weight (bw) in both men and women. Over 50% of the protein intake was sourced from the food groups meat, fish and milk/yoghurt. A bolus intake of 30 g protein per meal was observed in a small proportion of participants at breakfast and lunch, but was most common at dinner (41% women and 56% men). No strong correlations were observed between protein intake and neither dietary patterns nor the number of EDOs. A 5 g higher protein intake at any meal, but not higher EDO frequency, was associated with higher odds of meeting a protein intake over 1.1 g/kg bw.ConclusionsProtein intake over 1.1 g/kg bw was met by 44% of the participants. Lunch and dinner were the highest contributors to protein intake. Dietary and meal patterns were weakly associated with protein intake. Only total daily protein intake was associated with reaching > 1.1 g/kg bw.
A fair price to pay: Exploiting causal graphs for fairness in insurance
Authors: Côté Olivier , Côté Marie‐Pier , Charpentier Arthur 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn many jurisdictions, insurance companies are prohibited from discriminating based on certain policyholder characteristics. Exclusion of prohibited variables from models prevents direct discrimination, but fails to address proxy discrimination, a phenomenon especially prevalent when powerful predictive algorithms are fed with an abundance of acceptable covariates. The lack of formal definition for key fairness concepts, in particular indirect discrimination, hinders effective fairness assessment. We review causal inference notions and introduce a causal graph tailored for fairness in insurance. Exploiting these, we discuss potential sources of bias, formally define direct and indirect discrimination, and study the theoretical properties of fairness methodologies. A novel categorization of fair methodologies into five families (best‐estimate, unaware, aware, hyperaware, and corrective) is constructed based on their expected fairness properties. A comprehensive pedagogical example illustrates the implications of our findings: the interplay between our fair score families, group fairness criteria, and discrimination.
Sitosterolemia—An Underdiagnosed and Heterogeneous Lipid Disorder. A Case Series From a Tertiary Care Centre in Australia
Authors: Gamage Dilhara , Chisholm Kerryn , Kilo Tatjana , Ooi Siew Ean , Srinivasan Shubha 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsSitosterolemia, is a disorder of increased plant sterol levels leading to a variable presentation and haematological manifestations. Although considered rare, the prevalence is likely underestimated due to the variable phenotype and challenges in diagnosis. The delayed diagnosis may lead to cardiovascular complications. We reviewed the presentation and management of patients with sitosterolemia in our clinic.MethodWe report 4 children aged 18 months to 18 years with variable manifestations from xanthomas to haemolytic anaemia who were subsequently confirmed to have sitosterolemia on genetic testing.ResultsOne patient presented with xanthomas, two patients with haematological manifestations and the other with an abnormal lipid profile. All patients had a strong family history of lipid disorders and cardiovascular disease at a young age. All patients had confirmatory genetic testing and were managed with dietary adjustments and ezetimibe resulting in improvement of lipid and haematological profiles.ConclusionSitosterolemia is a likely underdiagnosed lipid disorder due to variable phenotype and specialised genetic and biochemical diagnostic tests. Early diagnosis and treatment fully reverse the clinical manifestations and associated complications.
Sleep and circadian rhythms in delayed sleep–wake phase disorder: Phenotypic differences between patients with and without comorbid depression
Authors: Reis Cátia , Pilz Luísa K. , Paiva Teresa , Hidalgo Maria Paz , Wright Kenneth P. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryDelayed sleep–wake phase disorder involves chronic difficulty going to bed and waking up at conventional times and often co‐occurs with depression. This study compared sleep and circadian rhythms between patients with delayed sleep–wake phase disorder with depression (DSWPD‐D) and without (DSWPD‐ND) comorbid depression. Clinical records of 162 patients with delayed sleep–wake phase disorder (70 DSWPD‐D, 92 DSWPD‐ND) were analysed, including a subset of 76 patients with circadian phase determined by the dim light melatonin onset. Variables assessed included sleep behaviour on work and free days, weekly sleep duration, social jet lag, chronotype, and phase relationships between dim light melatonin onset and sleep/wake times. Mean (SD) or median [Q1–Q3] values were compared using t‐tests or Mann–Whitney. Patients with DSWPD‐D showed longer sleep on workdays (DSWPD‐D = 7.63 hr [1.70] versus DSWPD‐ND = 6.20 hr [1.59]; p < 0.001), but not on free days. DSWPD‐D also showed later sleep onset (DSWPD‐D = 03:30 14;hours [02:49 hours–04:23 hours], DSWPD‐ND = 02:53 hours [02:00 hours–03:41 hours]; p = 0.02) and wake times (DSWPD‐D = 11:30 hours [09:30 hours–13:00 hours], DSWPD‐ND = 08:45 hours [07:20 hours–11:00 hours]; p < 0.01) on workdays. Furthermore, DSWPD‐D showed less social jet lag (DSWPD‐D = 0.38 [0.00–1.75] versus DSWPD‐ND = 2.17 [1.25–3.03]; p < 0.01), and reported higher anxiety symptoms (DSWPD‐D = 71.4% versus DSWPD‐ND = 45.8%; p = 0.03) and medication use (DSWPD‐D = 75.0% versus DSWPD‐ND = 43.8%; p = 0.01). DSWPD‐D also showed wider dim light melatonin onset phase relationships with dim light melatonin onset‐mid‐sleep (DSWPD‐D = −5.77 [1.32] versus DSWPD‐ND = −4.86 [1.53]; p = 0.01) and dim light melatonin onset‐waketime (DSWPD‐D = −9.46 [1.82]; DSWPD‐ND = −8.13 [2.08]; p = 0.01). Multivariable Poisson regression, adjusted for age and sex, showed more medication use, less social jet lag, and longer weekly sleep duration as significantly associated with DSWPD‐D. These findings suggest potential biopsychosocial protective factors linked to depression in delayed sleep–wake phase disorder. Further research is required to confirm these phenotypic differences and their relevance to delayed sleep–wake phase disorder aetiology and treatment.
Presettlement Tree Distributions and Forest Types of Northeast Ohio, USA, Mapped With Species Distribution Models
Authors: Flinn Kathryn M. , Litwinowicz Zachary , Mahany Tylor P. , Watling James I. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTQuestionsEuropean colonization radically transformed the landscapes of eastern North America. Understanding this legacy is vital to managing current ecological communities. To do so requires spatially explicit information about presettlement vegetation. Here we test the ability of species distribution models, which have rarely been used with historical data like land survey records, to generate useful predictions of presettlement tree distributions. These models also allow us to assess pre‐disturbance vegetation‐environment relationships.LocationCuyahoga County, Ohio, USA.MethodsGeneralized linear models, generalized boosting models, random forests, and maximum entropy models related the distributions of 17 tree taxa to elevation, slope, aspect, and soil type, based on 4234 tree observations from circa‐1800 surveys. Cluster analysis defined forest types and created a prediction map of forest types using random forests.ResultsThis study generated high‐resolution predictions of presettlement tree distributions. Fagus grandifolia and Carya spp. were predicted to have found suitable habitat in over half the area. Elevation was by far the most important predictor, followed by slope. Many taxa were more likely to occur at higher elevations, corresponding to the Allegheny Plateau, while others followed river valleys. Broadly, 51% of the county was predicted to support forest types with Fagus grandifolia and/or Acer spp., and 48% of the county was predicted to support forest types with Quercus spp., Carya spp., and/or Castanea dentata.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that species distribution modeling with historical data provides insights into presettlement vegetation and vegetation‐environment relationships. Our results reveal striking ecological patterns not apparent in today's landscape, such as the sharp difference in vegetation between the Central Lowland and Allegheny Plateau. The maps created here offer a historical perspective that can inform conservation, education, and further research.
Airway Mycobiota—Microbiota During Pulmonary Exacerbation of Cystic Fibrosis Patients: A Culture and Targeted Sequencing Study
Authors: Angebault Cécile , Vandenborght Louise‐Eva , Bassinet Laurence , Wizla Nathalie , Ferroni Agnès , Dessein Rodrigue , Remus Natacha , Thumerelle Caroline , Fauchet Nathalie , Epaud Ralph , Delhaes Laurence , Botterel Françoise 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) harbour complex fungal and bacterial microbiota involved in pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) and requiring antimicrobial treatment. Descriptive studies analysing bacterial and fungal microbiota concomitantly are scarce, especially using both culture and high‐throughput‐sequencing (HTS).ObjectivesWe analysed bacterial–fungal microbiota and inter‐kingdom correlations in two French CF centres according to clinical parameters and antimicrobial choices.MethodsForty‐eight pwCF with PEx from Creteil (n = 24) and Lille (n = 24) CF centres were included over 2 years. Sputa were collected for culture and targeted‐HTS (ITS2 and V3‐V4 targets). Sequencing and culture data, along with clinical, radiological and treatment data, were analysed. Two‐level stratified analysis was performed to study potential confounding factors (age, CF mutation, FEV1 and antibiotics) on the centre factor. Inter‐kingdom correlations were analysed.ResultsSignificant differences in the bacterial microbiota profile were found between centres (p‐value = 0.03). For mycobiota, the taxonomic distribution and diversity were comparable. HTS provided concordant but more detailed information than culture and increased detection of main CF fungi (> 25% more positive samples for Aspergillus or Scedosporium). FEV1 and systemic antibiotic before PEx influenced bacterial microbiota, but no clinical association was found with the mycobiota. No inter‐kingdom correlation between Pseudomonas and fungi was found.ConclusionsDescribing concomitant bacterial and fungal communities of pwCF at the beginning of PEx using culture and HTS shows greater diversity in HTS and better detection in case of low microbial load. Interesting inter‐kingdom correlations were observed, requiring further research on larger cohorts to understand the potential microbial interactions.
Neurobiological fingerprints of negative symptoms in schizophrenia identified by connectome‐based modeling
Authors: Gao Ziyang , Xiao Yuan , Zhu Fei , Tao Bo , Zhao Qiannan , Yu Wei , Bishop Jeffrey R. , Gong Qiyong , Lui Su 
Published: January 2025

AimAs a central component of schizophrenia psychopathology, negative symptoms result in detrimental effects on long‐term functional prognosis. However, the neurobiological mechanism underlying negative symptoms remains poorly understood, which limits the development of novel treatment interventions. This study aimed to identify the specific neural fingerprints of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.MethodsBased on resting‐state functional connectivity data obtained in a large sample (n = 132) of first‐episode drug‐naïve schizophrenia patients (DN‐FES), connectome‐based predictive modeling (CPM) with cross‐validation was applied to identify functional networks that predict the severity of negative symptoms. The generalizability of identified networks was then validated in an independent sample of n = 40 DN‐FES.ResultsA connectivity pattern significantly driving the prediction of negative symptoms (ρ = 0.28, MSE = 81.04, P = 0.012) was identified within and between networks implicated in motivation (medial frontal, subcortical, sensorimotor), cognition (default mode, frontoparietal, medial frontal) and error processing (medial frontal and cerebellum). The identified networks also predicted negative symptoms in the independent validation sample (ρ = 0.37, P = 0.018). Importantly, the predictive model was symptom‐specific and robust considering the potential effects of demographic characteristics and validation strategies.ConclusionsOur study discovers and validates a comprehensive network model as the unique neural substrates of negative symptoms in schizophrenia, which provides a novel and comprehensive perspective to the development of target treatment strategies for negative symptoms.
Climate change and epigenetics: Unraveling the role of methylation in response to thermal instability in the Antarctic plant Colobanthus quitensis
Authors: Hereme Rasme , Galleguillos Carolina , Molina‐Montenegro Marco A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLow temperatures are one of the critical conditions affecting the performance and distribution of plants. Exposure to cooling results in the reprogramming of gene expression, which in turn would be mediated by epigenetic regulation. Antarctica is known as one of the most severe ecosystems, but several climate models predict an increase in average temperature, which may positively impact the development of Antarctic plants; however, under warmer temperatures, plants' vulnerability to damages from low‐temperature events increases. Here, we evaluated the impact of these events on the acclimation process, with a focus on how methylation influences the induction of cold response genes. According to the results, an increase in the number of methylations in the promoter regions is associated with lower expression of these genes. Similarly, in populations where this relationship is observed, individuals acclimated to the projected climate change condition are more vulnerable, as their average temperature is lower in the face of a cold event compared to individuals acclimated to the current antarctic condition. This research is the first report highlighting the role of methylation in response to cold and its influence on the transcriptional responses of the antarctic plant Colobanthus quitensis facing climate change projections.
Boron controls apical dominance in Pea (Pisum sativum) via promoting polar auxin transport
Authors: He Yutong , He Keren , Mai Jingwen , Ou Meiyin , Chen Laibin , Li Yuanyuan , Wan Tao , Gu Luping , Shabala Sergey , Li Xuewen , Li Yalin , Yu Min 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlant architecture and subsequent productivity are determined by the shoot apical dominance, which is disturbed by the deficiency of boron, one of the essential trace elements for plant growth and reproduction. However, the mechanism by which B controls shoot apical dominance or axillary bud outgrows under B deficiency is still unclear. This work aimed to investigate the mechanistic basis of this process, with focus on the interaction between B and polar auxin transport. Adopting an all‐buds phenotyping methodology and employing several complementary approaches, we found that boron deficiency inhibited plant growth and changed the shoot architecture, resulting in the outgrowth of axillary buds at nodes 1–3. This was related to the auxin accumulation in shoot apical parts buds under B deficiency. Applying N‐1‐naphthylphthalamic acid to inhibit auxin transport from the shoot apex promoted the outgrowth of axillary buds in boron‐sufficient (+B) plants. In decapitated plants, the application of exogenous auxin to the shoot apex only inhibited the outgrowth of axillary buds in +B plants. At higher auxin doses, the toxic effect of IAA was observed in the lower part of the shoot, which was more severe in +B plants than in B‐deprived (‐B) plants. Furthermore, the expression of PsPIN3 was significantly downregulated under ‐B conditions. These results indicate that B deficiency inhibits PAT from the apical bud through the main stem to the lower parts, leading to an increase of auxin level in the apical bud, which inhibits the growth of apical buds while stimulating the outgrowth of axillary buds.
Evaluation of radiation shielding effectiveness of some metallic alloys used in the nuclear facilities
Authors: Ali A. M. , Osman Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Several nuclear shielding parameters were evaluated for stainless steel grades 304, 304 L, 316, and 316 L. The effective atomic number Zeff, mean free path (MFP), effective electron density Neff, half-value layer (HVL), and effective conductivity (Ceff) of the investigated alloys were evaluated via the mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ). The mass attenuation (µ/ρ) coefficients were computed for gamma-ray photons in the energy range 15 keV to 15 MeV using Phy-X/PSD program. Fast neutron attenuation was analyzed by computing the removal cross-sections (SR) using partial density method. The obtained results by Phy-X/PSD program were validated using Monte Carlo (MCNP4C) code. The stopping power of these alloys against e-1/H1/He+2 ions was evaluated using the ESTAR and SRIM Monte Carlo code, considering total stopping power (TSP) and projected range (PR). Furthermore, the transmitted neutron fraction at different neutron energies were calculated using Neutron Calculatro-V2 code for thermal neutrons (of energy 25.4 eV) and fast neutrons (with energies of 4 and 4.5 MeV). The obtained results showed that 316L alloy possesses good protection performance against gamma photons, charged particles, fast and thermal neutrons compared with other investigated alloys. Comparison of the calculated values revealed good agreement between Phy-X/PSD and MCNP4b. This work should be informative for the potential uses of these materials in the nuclear industry to build effective radiation shielding.