bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unexpected high contribution of in-cloud wet scavenging to nitrogen deposition induced by pumping effect of typhoon landfall in China
Authors: Tan Qixin , Ge Baozhu , Itahashi Syuichi , Gan Lu , Zhang Ying , Xie Shuyan , Liu Ying , Xu Danhui , Chen Xueshun , Wu Lin , Pan Xiaole , Wang Wei , Wu Jianbin , Li Jie , Wang Junhua , Xu Xiaobin , Fu Joshua S , Wang Zifa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition has large eco-environmental effects such as ocean acidification, eutrophication in coastal areas. However, knowledge of the source and the pathway of N deposition in coastal areas is limited, especially during tropical storms, hindering the accurate quantification of how anthropogenic activities influence the ocean ecosystem. In this study, the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System was used to investigate the wet deposition of N induced by typhoon Hagupit over eastern coastal China from an in- and below-cloud process perspective. Our results reveal for the first time an enhancement mechanism of N deposition related to the ‘pumping effect’ of the typhoon. Different from the non-typhoon conditions, air pollutants in the typhoon-affected regions were pumped into the higher altitudes and deposited via the in-cloud scavenging process in the moving path of the typhoon-affected regions. This study updates our understanding of the source–receptor relationship on atmospheric wet deposition caused by tropical cyclones.
Impact on air quality from increasing cruise ship activity in Copenhagen port
Authors: Lansø Anne Sofie , Winther Morten , Jensen Steen Solvang , Løfstrøm Per 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The impact of the growing cruise ship industry on air quality levels was investigated at the port of Copenhagen, Denmark. In 2018, 345 cruise ships visited Copenhagen, emitting 291 tons of NOx near the city centre. A spatiotemporal cruise ship emission inventory was developed for 2018 based on port list information, engine data, main and auxiliary engine power functions, and NOx emission factors, and was implemented in the OML-Multi atmospheric dispersion model. Evident plume effects from the cruise ships, which were traced by introducing the concept of likely concentration contribution, were obtained in the modelled and measured concentrations at Langelinie Quay, which is the busiest cruise ship terminal in Copenhagen port. Hourly peak values of NOx well above 200 μg m−3 were obtained at the top of a residential building at Langelinie Quay. The emissions from cruise ships were increasing the annual concentration of NO2 in the port area by up to 31% at ground level, and 86% 50 m above the ground in comparison to the urban background level. No exceedance of the European annual limit value of NO2 was obtained. The short-term impact of cruise ships was more pronounced with local exceedances of the hourly European limit value for NO2. Increasing cruise ship activity in Copenhagen port leads to air quality deterioration on short time scales with implications for human health.
An equilibrium finite element method for electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Ma Erfang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a new numerical method for the forward problem of electrical impedance tomography with the shunt model. The new method builds on a discretization of the total Joule heat consumed over the region, in terms of the current density. It gives an approximation of the distribution of current density before using it to reconstruct the potential distribution. Simulations on a 2D and a 3D EIT model indicate the new method can produce more accurate approximations than the traditional FEM, based on the same mesh. The new method has the potential to be a competitive alternative of the traditional FEMs and incoporated into some reconstruction algorithms of EIT.
Quenched-in liquid in glass
Authors: Wang Qing , Shang Ying-Hui , Yang Yong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Glasses have long been considered as frozen liquids because of the similarity between their static amorphous structures. While the modern theories about glass transition suggest that glass transition may result from supercooling of a heterogeneous liquid that contains fast and slow regions, it remains unclear whether such a physical picture applies to metallic glasses, which are a densely packed solid glass that was once believed to be a vitrified homogeneous metallic liquid. However, in the recent work published in Nature Materials, Chang et al provide compelling evidence to show that metallic glasses contain liquid-like atoms that behave as a high-temperature liquid in stress relaxation. Being activated under cyclic loading, this quenched-in liquid results in a fast relaxation process, which is discovered in a variety of metallic glasses. Their results are important and deliver a strong message that metallic glasses have a dynamic microstructure containing liquid- and solid-like atoms. Most importantly, the outcome of their research provides physical insight into the nature of glass-transition in metallic glasses, and also helps unravel their structure-property relations.
Motivation, Physical Activity, and Affect in Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors: An Ambulatory Assessment Approach
Authors: Lau Stephen C L , Tabor Connor Lisa , Baum Carolyn M 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMotivation is a frequently reported but far less studied driver for post-stroke physical activity participation. Motivation and physical activity may be important contributors to the prevention management and alleviation of affective symptoms among stroke survivors.PurposeTo investigate the real-time associations between motivation, physical activity, and affect in the daily lives of community-dwelling stroke survivors using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and accelerometry.MethodsForty community-dwelling stroke survivors wore an accelerometer on the thigh and completed EMA surveys assessing motivation (autonomous motivation, controlled motivation) and affect (negative affect, positive affect) eight times daily for 7 days. Multivariate regression analysis and multilevel modeling investigated the associations between motivation, physical activity, and affect.ResultsGreater autonomous motivation for physical activity was associated with less sedentary behavior (β = −0.40, p = .049) and more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (β = 0.45, p = .020) participation in daily life. Greater autonomous motivation was momentarily associated with less depressed affect (β = −0.05, p &lt; .001) and greater positive affect (β = 0.13, p &lt; .001). Moreover, greater controlled motivation was momentarily associated with greater depressed affect (β = 0.06, p &lt; .001). More intense physical activity was momentarily associated with greater positive affect (β = 0.13, p = .016). No moderating effect of motivation on the association between physical activity and affect was found.ConclusionsMotivation and physical activity are momentarily associated with affect among stroke survivors. Assessing and fostering autonomous motivation may be beneficial for promoting physical activity and managing positive and depressed affect as stroke survivors return to the community.
Inflammaging as a target for healthy ageing
Authors: Dugan Ben , Conway Jessica , Duggal Niharika A 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLife expectancy has been on the rise for the past few decades, but healthy life expectancy has not kept pace, leading to a global burden of age-associated disorders. Advancing age is accompanied by a chronic increase in basal systemic inflammation, termed inflammaging, contributing towards an increased risk of developing chronic diseases in old age. This article reviews the recent literature to formulate hypotheses regarding how age-associated inflammaging plays a crucial role in driving chronic diseases and ill health in older adults. Here, we discuss how non-pharmacological intervention strategies (diet, nutraceutical supplements, phytochemicals, physical activity, microbiome-based therapies) targeting inflammaging restore health in older adults. We also consider alternative existing pharmacological interventions (Caloric restriction mimetics, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors) and explore novel targets (senolytics) aimed at combating inflammaging and optimising the ageing process to increase healthy lifespan.
The ‘Bermuda Triangle’ of orthostatic hypotension, cognitive impairment and reduced mobility: prospective associations with falls and fractures in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: Donnell Desmond O , Romero-Ortuno Roman , Kennelly Sean P , O’Neill Desmond , Donoghue Patrick O , Lavan Amanda , Cunningham Conal , McElwaine Paul , Kenny Rose Anne , Briggs Robert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Orthostatic hypotension (OH), cognitive impairment (Cog) and mobility impairment (MI) frequently co-occur in older adults who fall. This study examines clustering of these three geriatric syndromes and ascertains their relationship with future falls/fractures in a large cohort of community-dwelling people ≥ 65 years during 8-year follow-up.

Methods
OH was defined as an orthostatic drop ≥ 20 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (from seated to standing) and/or reporting orthostatic unsteadiness. CI was defined as Mini Mental State Examination ≤ 24 and/or self-reporting memory as fair/poor. MI was defined as Timed Up and Go ≥12 s. Logistic regression models, including three-way interactions, assessed the longitudinal association with future falls (explained and unexplained) and fractures.

Results
Almost 10% (88/2,108) of participants had all three Bermuda syndromes. One-fifth of participants had an unexplained fall during follow-up, whereas 1/10 had a fracture. There was a graded relationship with incident unexplained falls and fracture as the number of Bermuda syndromes accumulated. In fully adjusted models, the cluster of OH, CI and MI was most strongly associated with unexplained falls (odds ratios (OR) 4.33 (2.59–7.24); P &lt; 0.001) and incident fracture (OR 2.51 (1.26–4.98); P = 0.045). Other clusters significantly associated with unexplained falls included OH; CI and MI; MI and OH; CI and OH. No other clusters were associated with fracture.

Discussion
The ‘Bermuda Triangle’ of OH, CI and MI was independently associated with future unexplained falls and fractures amongst community-dwelling older people. This simple risk identification scheme may represent an ideal target for multifaceted falls prevention strategies in community-dwelling older adults.
Reduced endothelial caveolin-1 underlies deficits in brain insulin signalling in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Shetti Aashutosh U , Ramakrishnan Abhirami , Romanova Liudmila , Li Wenping , Vo Khanh , Volety Ipsita , Ratnayake Ishara , Stephen Terilyn , Minshall Richard D , Cologna Stephanie M , Lazarov Orly 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibit severe impairments in insulin signalling in the brain and are five times more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease. However, what leads to these impairments is not fully understood.
Here, we show reduced expression of endothelial cell caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in the db/db (Leprdb) mouse model of type 2 diabetes. This reduction correlated with alterations in insulin receptor expression and signalling in brain microvessels as well as brain parenchyma. These findings were recapitulated in the brains of endothelial cell-specific Cav-1 knock-out (Tie2Cre; Cav-1fl/fl) mice. Lack of Cav-1 in endothelial cells led to reduced response to insulin as well as reduced insulin uptake. Furthermore, we observed that Cav-1 was necessary for the stabilization of insulin receptors in lipid rafts. Interactome analysis revealed that insulin receptor interacts with Cav-1 and caveolae-associated proteins, insulin-degrading enzyme and the tight junction protein Zonula Occludence-1 in brain endothelial cells. Restoration of Cav-1 in Cav-1 knock-out brain endothelial cells rescued insulin receptor expression and localization.
Overall, these results suggest that Cav-1 regulates insulin signalling and uptake by brain endothelial cells by modulating IR-α and IR-β localization and function in lipid rafts. Furthermore, depletion of endothelial cell–specific Cav-1 and the resulting impairment in insulin transport leads to alteration in insulin signalling in the brain parenchyma of type 2 diabetics.
Tau–RNA complexes inhibit microtubule polymerization and drive disease-relevant conformation change
Authors: McMillan Pamela J , Benbow Sarah J , Uhrich Rikki , Saxton Aleen , Baum Misa , Strovas Timothy , Wheeler Jeanna M , Baker Jeremy , Liachko Nicole F , Keene C Dirk , Latimer Caitlin S , Kraemer Brian C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders feature neurofibrillary tangles and other neuropathological lesions composed of detergent-insoluble tau protein. In recent structural biology studies of tau proteinopathy, aggregated tau forms a distinct set of conformational variants specific to the different types of tauopathy disorders. However, the constituents driving the formation of distinct pathological tau conformations on pathway to tau-mediated neurodegeneration remain unknown. Previous work demonstrated RNA can serve as a driver of tau aggregation, and RNA associates with tau containing lesions, but tools for evaluating tau/RNA interactions remain limited. Here, we employed molecular interaction studies to measure the impact of tau/RNA binding on tau microtubule binding and aggregation. To investigate the importance of tau/RNA complexes (TRCs) in neurodegenerative disease, we raised a monoclonal antibody (TRC35) against aggregated tau/RNA complexes. We showed that native tau binds RNA with high affinity but low specificity, and tau binding to RNA competes with tau-mediated microtubule assembly functions. Tau/RNA interaction in vitro promotes the formation of higher molecular weight tau/RNA complexes, which represent an oligomeric tau species. Coexpression of tau and poly(A)45 RNA transgenes in Caenorhabditis elegans exacerbates tau-related phenotypes including neuronal dysfunction and pathological tau accumulation. TRC35 exhibits specificity for Alzheimer’s disease-derived detergent-insoluble tau relative to soluble recombinant tau. Immunostaining with TRC35 labels a wide variety of pathological tau lesions in animal models of tauopathy, which are reduced in mice lacking the RNA binding protein MSUT2. TRC-positive lesions are evident in many human tauopathies including Alzheimer’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and Pick’s disease. We also identified ocular pharyngeal muscular dystrophy as a novel tauopathy disorder, where loss of function in the poly(A) RNA binding protein (PABPN1) causes accumulation of pathological tau in tissue from post-mortem human brain. Tau/RNA binding drives tau conformational change and aggregation inhibiting tau-mediated microtubule assembly. Our findings implicate cellular tau/RNA interactions as modulators of both normal tau function and pathological tau toxicity in tauopathy disorders and suggest feasibility for novel therapeutic approaches targeting TRCs.
Clinical and MRI Evolution After Local Injection of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Perianal Fistulae in Crohn’s Disease: Results From a Prospective Monocentric Study
Authors: Reenaers Catherine , Gillard Romain P , Coimbra Carla , Gillard René M , Meunier Paul , Lechanteur Chantal , Baudoux Etienne , Boutaffala Layla , Beguin Yves , Louis Édouard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Local injection of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] is effective in fistulizing perianal Crohn’s disease [CD]. Less is known about bone marrow-derived MSCs and little is known about predictive factors of response and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] evolution of the fistulae after MSC injection. Our aims were to evaluate the safety and clinical outcome of bone marrow-derived MSC injection for perianal fistulizing CD, to evaluate the MRI evolution of the fistulae and to identify factors associated with fistula closure.

Patients and methods
All CD patients with perianal fistula and appropriate drainage with a seton without abscess at MRI were eligible. Clinical examination, biomarkers and pelvic MRI were performed at weeks 0, 12 and 48. The clinical outcome was assessed by closure of the treated external openings at clinical examination and MRI exploration.

Results
Sixteen patients with a median age of 49 years and a median duration of perianal CD of 8 months were included. No unexpected safety event occurred. At weeks 12 and 48, 9/16 and 8/16 patients had complete fistula[e] closure, respectively, whereas 11/16 patients had at least partial closure. At MRI, the degree of fibrosis increased significantly after MSC injection. In total, 86% of patients with &gt;80% of fibrosis of the fistula tract at week 48 had fistula closure. Fistula closure at week 12 was predictive of fistula closure at week 48. The MAGNIFI-CD did not change significantly over time.

Conclusion
Open-label injection of bone marrow-derived MSCs was safe and was effective in half of the patients in fistulizing perianal CD and induced significant MRI changes associated with favourable clinical outcome.
Which mouse multiparental population is right for your study? The Collaborative Cross inbred strains, their F1 hybrids, or the Diversity Outbred population
Authors: Keele Gregory R 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multiparental populations (MPPs) encompass greater genetic diversity than traditional experimental crosses of two inbred strains, enabling broader surveys of genetic variation underlying complex traits. Two such mouse MPPs are the Collaborative Cross (CC) inbred panel and the Diversity Outbred (DO) population, which are descended from the same eight inbred strains. Additionally, the F1 intercrosses of CC strains (CC-RIX) have been used and enable study designs with replicate outbred mice. Genetic analyses commonly used by researchers to investigate complex traits in these populations include characterizing how heritable a trait is, i.e. its heritability, and mapping its underlying genetic loci, i.e. its quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Here we evaluate the relative merits of these populations for these tasks through simulation, as well as provide recommendations for performing the quantitative genetic analyses. We find that sample populations that include replicate animals, as possible with the CC and CC-RIX, provide more efficient and precise estimates of heritability. We report QTL mapping power curves for the CC, CC-RIX, and DO across a range of QTL effect sizes and polygenic backgrounds for samples of 174 and 500 mice. The utility of replicate animals in the CC and CC-RIX for mapping QTLs rapidly decreased as traits became more polygenic. Only large sample populations of 500 DO mice were well-powered to detect smaller effect loci (7.5–10%) for highly complex traits (80% polygenic background). All results were generated with our R package musppr, which we developed to simulate data from these MPPs and evaluate genetic analyses from user-provided genotypes.
Right atrial myxoma after Amplatzer atrial septal defect closure device deployment
Authors: Li Pan , Song Laichun , Tao Liang , Chen Xufa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRight atrial (RA) myxoma is common; however, RA myxoma after the percutaneous atrial septal defect closure is very rare. To the best of our knowledge, this might be the first reported case of RA myxoma after Amplatzer closure of an atrial septal defect, leading to a pulmonary artery embolism. We removed all the RA mass, occluder and pulmonary embolus and reconstructed the atrial septum successfully. As a result of surgery, there were no other complications as following up.
Desiccant Dusts, With and Without Bioactive Botanicals, Lethal toRhipicephalus(Boophilus)microplusCanestrini (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in the Laboratory and on Cattle
Authors: Showler Allan T , Harlien Jessica L 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe exotic southern cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), since its eradication from the United States in 1943, made a strong incursion into Texas, beginning 2016. The pest is arguably the most economically detrimental ectoparasite of cattle, Bos taurus L., worldwide. Current R. (B.) microplus control mostly relies on conventional synthetic acaricides to which the ixodid has been developing resistance. Our study demonstrates that commercially available desiccant dust products, with and without bioactive botanical additives, are strongly lethal, when applied dry, against larval R. (B.) microplus in the laboratory, and after being released on dust-treated cattle. Deadzone (renamed Celite 610, a diatomaceous earth product), Drione (silica gel + pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide synergist), and EcoVia (silica gel + thyme oil), each prophylactically prevented larval R. (B.) microplus from attaching to and feeding on stanchioned calves. Desiccant dust-based products are less likely than conventional synthetic acaricides to decline in terms of efficacy as a result of ixodid resistance, and other desiccant dust advantages, including extended residual, flexibility in terms of application methods, environmental, animal, and human safety, and possible compatibility with organic, or ‘green’, production systems, are discussed. We anticipate that the desiccant dusts we evaluated, and others not included in this study (e.g., kaolin, perlite, and silica gel) will be effective when used with other control tactics in integrated pest management approaches for controlling R. (B.) microplus (and other ixodid species).
Upregulation of HBXIP contributed to the anti-DND by ginsenoside Rg1 after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Yong , Yuan Xia , He Hong-Yuan , He Wen-Bin , Zhang Zhao , Chu Shi-Feng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been well-documented to be effective against ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, whether it has therapeutic effect on delayed neuronal death is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Rg1 on delayed neuronal death and elucidate its underlying mechanism.

Methods
Delayed neuronal death model was prepared by global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, Rg1 was intravenously administered once a day. Nissl and Fluoro Jade B staining were carried out to evaluate the effect of Rg1 on delayed neuronal death. Western blot and qPCR were used to investigate the levels of HBXIP and Survivin. HBXIP/Survivin complex was observed by co-immunoprecipitation. AAV-CMV-shRNA (HBXIP) was used to observe the role of HBXIP on delayed neuronal death improved by Rg1.

Key findings
Rg1 attenuated delayed neuronal death at the dose of 20 mg/kg, which also improved the mRNA and protein levels of HBXIP, as well as Survivin. Moreover, administration of Rg1 promoted the formation of HBXIP/Survivin complex, which contributed to the reduction of caspases signaling pathway. Knockdown of HBXIP abolished the alleviation of DND and inhibition of caspase cascade induced by Rg1.

Conclusions
Rg1 alleviated delayed neuronal death by promoting anti-apoptosis effect by HBXIP/Survivin complex.