bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Nanovaksin Berbasis Nanopartikel Hybrid Chitosan Terhadap Sel Darah Ikan Kerapu Cantang Yang Diinfeksi VNN
Authors: Hartawan Gian Suryanatha , Yanuhar Uun , Musa Muhammad , Suryanto Heru , Mahasri Gunanti , Supii Apri , Caesar Nico Rahman 
Published: September 2023

Cantang grouper (Epinephelus sp.) is a fish with a high economic value and has been widely cultivated. VNN disase, caused by Betanodavirus infection, can lead to mass mortality of cantang grouper. Precautions considered effective in preventing Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease include vaccination. This study aimed to determine the effect of administering recombinant Chlorella vulgaris protein nanovaccine based on chitosan hybrid nanoparticles in increasing the immune response of cantang grouper infected with VNN. The study consisted of five treatments: K+ (cantang grouper infected with VNN), K- (healthy cantang grouper), T1 (healthy cantang grouper given 33 µl of nanovaccine and then challenged with VNN), T2 (healthy cantang grouper given 66 µl of nanovaccine and then tested with a VNN challenge), and T3 (healthy cantang grouper given 112 µl of nanovaccine and then tested with a VNN challenge). The parameters observed were haematology, nanovaccine Relative percent survival (RPS), and Survival rate (SR) levels. The study results showed that administering the nanovaccine increased the immune response of the fish, as indicated by an increase in haematology response, RPS, and SR in cantang grouper compared to the treatment without nanovaccine administration. The best dose of nanovaccine in this study is 33 µl. Keywords: fish disease, nanovaccines, virus, C. vulgaris, grouper
Educación en contextos diversos: El aula como un escenario de paz
Authors: Castañeda Rueda Luisa , Numpaque Acosta Galo Christian 
Published: September 2023

Este libro es el resultado de un ejercicio investigativo, por querer identificar las influencias de los contextos socioculturales en los procesos de formación de los niños y niñas del Corregimiento La Quitaz del Municipio de la Belleza, en el departamento de Santander, Colombia. Se debe resaltar la permanente colaboración de los informantes, léase: niños, niñas, padres de familia y profesores, pues, no es sencillo, en oportunidades, enfrentarse a nuestras propias realidades. A su vez, es importante tener en cuenta el contexto sociocultural del corregimiento de la Quitaz, ubicado a 3 horas del municipio de la Belleza, el cual basa su economía en la agricultura -producción de plátano, cacao y ganadería-; es una sociedad en su mayoría católica, golpeada por la violencia armada.
Los elementos de esta sociedad influyen en la formación y en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de los niños y de las niñas, puesto que ninguna persona vive en realidades imaginadas, sino reales y, en ella, aprende del ejemplo de sus padres, sus compañeros, los amigos del barrio, en el parque y de todas las personas con las que comparten su cultura.
Así pues, el equipo investigador consideró que es labor de los maestros y maestras intervenir en los contextos de los estudiantes que tienen a su cargo, para lograr en ellos reflexiones y transformaciones que les permitan generar nuevos procesos educativos, sociales, económicos, políticos y culturales. De ese modo, los niños y niñas en su proceso de formación requieren del apoyo de sus padres, profesores y familiares en el camino educativo, en que se busca regular su conducta y aprender a participar en este nuevo contexto sociocultural, adaptarse a él y lograr excelentes resultados académicos y formativos.
Por razones como estas, en Colombia se han hecho estudios en que
Role of IgG avidity in the eyes with active Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis
Authors: Lakhmavar Pratik , Kelgaonkar Anup , Patel Anamika , Khalsa Ashish , Basu Soumyava 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To study toxoplasma IgG avidity to evaluate the stage of infection and clinical implications in cases of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis in eastern India.
Methods: Retrospective review of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis cases with toxoplasma serology for IgG, IgM, and IgG avidity.
Results: Included in this study were 17 eyes of 17 patients which had active retinitis located in the macula (14), mid-periphery (2), or periphery (1). They were either primary lesions (12) or reactivations (5). All the cases had toxoplasma IgG positive; one case had IgM positivity while all the cases had high IgG avidity values. IgG avidity had a positive correlation with the duration of symptoms.
Conclusions: We observed high IgG avidity values in active retinochoroiditis in both primary ocular toxoplasmosis and reactivation subgroups. These results indicate a late ocular manifestation after initial systemic infection.
Metronomic cyclophosphamide and metformin inhibited tumor growth and repopulated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in experimental carcinoma model
Authors: Zaki Heba M , Ali Khadiga M , Allah Mona Y Y Abd , Abouelnaga Amoura M , Abdraboh Mohamed E , Hussein Osama 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic biguanide. Retrospective data demonstrated the association of metformin use with survival benefit in multiple tumor types. Interest in repurposing metformin to treat cancer has not been translated into encouraging clinical benefit. In animal models, metformin activated cytotoxic T cells and exerted an immune-mediated anticancer effect. The current research was conducted to investigate the possible therapeutic benefit of metformin in combination with metronomic cyclophosphamide in an experimental cancer model. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma was injected into the subcutaneous tissue to induce solid tumors in syngeneic mice. Exponential solid tumor growth ensued and was effectively arrested with the administration of a cytotoxic dose of parenteral cyclophosphamide. Alternatively, oral metformin and continuous, low-dose cyclophosphamide significantly inhibited tumor growth relative to untreated mice. The drug combination was well tolerated. Histopathological examination of the tumor showed an increased number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and enhanced expression of granzyme B by this drug combination. The current data suggests a potential role of metformin and metronomic chemotherapy that warrants further investigation.
Comparison The role of auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma
Authors: peng yin-yin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives: As advanced-stage or relapsed/refractory (R/R) extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL)is highly progressive and sometimes multi-drug resistant, there is so far no standard management for them. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) are considered optional consolidation therapy for advanced-stage or R/R ENKL, but their applications to ENKL is currently limited.
Methods: We collected cases of advanced-stage or R/R ENKL patients with auto- or allo-HSCT, including 17 newly diagnosed patients from our hospital, (15 with auto-HSCT, 2 with allo-HSCT), and 489 cases from literatures in recent 21 years, (331 with auto-HSCT, 158 with allo-HSCT). We summarized the patients’ characteristics and conducted survival analysis of the 17 cases from our hospital, and analyzed the potential benefits of auto- and allo-HSCT to ENKL patients according to the reported information in literatures.
Results: Of the 17 cases of our hospital, with the median follow-up time of 36 month (range: 10~93 months), 1 relapsed but recovered, 1 relapsed and died of disease progression, and 1 died of severe pneumonia respectively, the others were CR and survived for more than 20 months. Of the cases from literatures, in the patients with auto-HSCT (average follow-up time 43.3 months), 127 (38.4%) relapsed, 106 (32.0%) died (treatment-related mortality TRM=14.2%), and in the patients with allo-HSCT (average follow-up time 31.0 months), 58 (36.7%) relapsed, 82 (51.9%) died (TRM=18.3%).
Conclusions: Auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT are indeed options to advanced-stage or R/R ENKL, but further studies are still required with more strict disease management.
Renal Sonographic Indices as Predictive Markers for Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Care Patients: A Case Study of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: gerami reza , bolouki elham , pashaei fakhereh , kargar jalal , Dormanesh Banafshe , Dadmanesh Maryam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:Preliminary studies have shown that up to 30% of covid-19 patients hospitalized have acute kidney injury (AKI). This study investigates the predictive potential of renal sonographic indices, including renal arterial resistive index (RRI) and pulsatility index (PI), as prognostic markers for AKI.Methods:The cohort study was conducted from September 2021 to April 2022, involving 140 COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients were followed for 6 months during hospitalization to monitor hourly urine output and daily serum creatinine levels for AKI incidence determination. Renal sonographic indices, including RRI and PI, were measured in both kidneys using color-doppler ultrasound upon ICU admission. Patients were divided into case (RRI ≥ 0.7 in at least one kidney) and control (RRI < 0.7 in both kidneys) groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis examined RRI and PI as predictors for AKI, considering other risk factors.Results: Patients at case group (RRI ≥ 0.7) had substantially higher odds of developing AKI compared to control group (OR = 34.91, p < 0.001). For each unit increase in the mean of kidneys' PI (left/right), the odds of developing AKI decreased significantly (OR = 0.16, p < 0.001). The other factors, including sex, age group, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking status, did not show statistically significant associations with AKI (p-values > 0.05).Conclusions: the results highlight the importance of RRI and PI as non-invasive and valuable indicators for predicting the development of AKI in COVID-19 patients. Monitoring these renal sonographic indices could aid in the early identification and management of kidney-related complications in critically ill patients.
DeepGO-SE: Protein function prediction as
Approximate Semantic Entailment
Authors: Kulmanov Maxat , Guzmán-Vega Francisco , Duek Paula , Lane Lydie , Arold Stefan , Hoehndorf Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Gene Ontology (GO) is one of the most successful ontologies in the biological domain. GO is a formal theory with over 100,000 axioms that describe the molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular locations of proteins in three sub-ontologies. Many methods have been developed to automatically predict protein functions. However, only few of them use the background knowledge provided in the axioms of GO for knowledge-enhanced machine learning, or adjust and evaluate the model for the differences between the sub-ontologies.
We have developed DeepGO-SE, a novel method which predicts GO functions from protein sequences using a pretrained large language model combined with a neuro-symbolic model that exploits GO axioms and performs protein function prediction as a form of approximate semantic entailment. We specifically evaluate DeepGO-SE on proteins that have no significant similarity with training proteins and demonstrate that DeepGO-SE can improve function prediction for those proteins.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Burden, Grades and Erythrocytosis at a Tertiary Hospital in Western Uganda
Authors: Banturaki Amon , Munyambalu Dalton Kambale , Kajoba Dickson , Onchoke Verah Bella , Peris Alina , Ryamugwiza Prosper , Amandua Jacinto 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide among people over 40 years of age, and erythrocytosis is one of the major complications associated with increased mortality among COPD patients.Methods and materials: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A consecutive sampling technique was used to obtain study participants at the Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital outpatient clinic. Focused history and physical examination were carried out to select eligible participants. Participants were screened using the COPD population screener for spirometry after consenting to participate. Spirometry was carried out according to GOLD guidelines, and haemoglobin concentration was measured.Results: A total of 180 participants were enrolled in the study, of whom the majority were females. Thirty-one (68.9%) patients had a modal age of < 50 years and a median age of 60 years. The prevalence of COPD was 25% (45) [95% CI 18.9 – 32] and highest among females (68.9%) and those aged 60 years and above (70%). The combined COPD assessment tool groups had a prevalence of 55.6%, 37.8%, 4.4%, and 2.2% for groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. Age <50 years was protective against COPD, while for every additional year of smoking, there was an associated 6.5% increased risk compared to the general population. Additionally, the prevalence of erythrocytosis among COPD participants was 6.7%.Conclusions and recommendations: There was a high prevalence of COPD among study participants (25%), with a 6.7% prevalence of erythrocytosis. A complete blood count should be performed for every patient with COPD at diagnosis and follow-up.
The electrophysiological characteristics of ethambutol toxic optic neuropathy
Authors: Li Shiying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To report the electrophysiological and ophthalmic characteristics of ethambutol optic neuropathy (EON).
Methods: Retrospective case review of clinical features and electrophysiology in 31 patients (62 eyes). Ten cases received longitudinal monitoring for up to 3 years.
Results: Reduced visual acuity (worse than logMAR 0.2) was present in 60/62 eyes. Colour vision was tested in 31 eyes; all showed impairment. Pattern VEPs were delayed in 33 of 45 eyes with detectable responses; they were subnormal (<5µV) in 19 eyes. Subnormal or borderline responses of normal peak time were present in 10 of 12 eyes. Seventeen eyes had no detectable pattern VEP. Peak times in 9 eyes, and amplitudes in 16 eyes, improved following drug cessation; mild PVEP worsening occurred in 2 eyes. Flash VEPs were delayed in 20 eyes of 12 patients; 5 eyes had no detectable FVEP. Peak times (6 eyes) and amplitudes (16 eyes) improved following drug cessation. PERG showed retinal ganglion cell dysfunction in 26 eyes, usually N95 component reduction. Full-field ERGs were mildly abnormal in 7 eyes of 4 patients. VA improved in 16 of 20 eyes following drug cessation. The presence of pale or swollen optic discs, or of renal disease, was associated with lack of improvement or worsening of VEPs at follow-up.
Conclusions:
Ethambutol may cause severe optic nerve and retinal ganglion cell dysfunction; appropriate caution is necessary. Severe VEP abnormalities can resolve following cessation of ethambutol, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and cessation of the drug. Visual acuity has poor predictive value.
Relationships parental positive parenting and cyberbullying perpetration among adolescents: Role of self-esteem and smartphone addiction
Authors: Kim Ji Hye , Song Hye Young , Jung Gye Hyun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This cross-sectional study investigated the mediating effect of adolescent self-esteem and smartphone addiction in the relationship between positive parenting and adolescent cyberbullying perpetration.
Methods
This secondary analysis used data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. Data on parental positive parenting, adolescent self-esteem, smartphone addiction, and perpetration of cyberbullying of 2,394 Korean adolescents (boys: 1,297, 54.2%) were analyzed. Hayes’ PROCESS macro program was used to confirm the mediating role.
Results
The results revealed that 26.5% (n = 634) of the adolescents had experienced cyberbullying. Parental positive parenting was not directly correlated with cyberbullying. Adolescent self-esteem and smartphone addiction played a mediating role between positive parenting and adolescent cyberbullying.
Conclusions
Adolescents’ individual characteristics and parent/family system characteristics should be considered in policies aimed at preventing adolescent cyberbullying, preceded by the management of appropriate smartphone use. Improving the youth’s self-esteem and teaching them how to use smartphones correctly can help prevent cyberbullying.
Predictors of early adverse postoperative outcomes following emergency groin hernia surgery: a prospective multicenter cohort
Authors: Ismail Mumin Farah , Abra Demoz , Muhumuza Joshua , Molen Selamo Fabrice , Mauricio William , Edyedu Isaac , Sikakulya Frank Katembo , Walhad Said Ahmed , Odoma Saidi , Mohamed Muhamed Abdullahi , Kyamukama Lauben Amagara , Olasinde Anthony Ayotunde , Kiswezi Ahmed Kazigo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Groin hernias accounts for 70% of all abdominal hernias and up to 40% of the groin hernia operations are done as emergencies. The percentage of groin hernias operated as emergencies is even higher in low and middle-income countries like Uganda. Emergency hernia surgeries have been associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes. This study was aimed at determining the predictors of early adverse postoperative outcomes following emergency groin hernia surgery in a low resource setting.
Methods: This was a prospective multicenter cohort conducted in the surgical departments of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH) and Jinja Regional Referral Hospital (JRRH). All patients who presented with emergency groin hernias during the study period were enrolled. Follow up was done up to discharge. Binary logistic regression in SPSS version 26 was done to determine the predictors.
Results: During the study period, 67 patients were enrolled majority of whom were males 56 (83.6%) aged above 45 years 28 (41.8%). Irreducible and obstructed hernias accounted for 20(29.9%) each. Strangulated hernia being the commonest with 27(40.3%) patients, of which 9 were found to have both obstruction and strangulation. Twenty (29.9%) of the participants had complications. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.97 (SD=3.289) days. One (1.5%) patient died. Undergoing gut resection predicted occurrence of early adverse outcomes (AOR=10.250, CI=2.970-35.372, P<0.001).
Conclusion
More attention is still needed to reduce the rate of adverse outcomes following emergency hernia surgery with a lot of focus on surgical site infection and patients undergoing gut resection.
Feto-Maternal Outcome of General and Spinal Anesthesia Among Pregnant Mothers Who Undergo Category One Cesarean Sections –A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study at Jimma University Medical Center, 2022.
Authors: Bedane Bekele , Belay Admasu , Abate Mengistu , Berhanu Mitiku , Wuletaw Nigussie , Getachew Tamiru , Tesfaye Gezahegn , Hika Aseffa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Category one cesarean section is performed in the most urgent conditions for the fetus or mother and sometimes in both cases. Currently, the practice of anesthesia for emergency cesarean sections is becoming spinal over general anesthesia due to adverse feto-maternal outcomes. The aim of the study was to compare feto-maternal outcomes under general and spinal anesthesia during category one cesarean deliveries at Jimma University Medical Center.
Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Center from August 20 to November 01, 2022. The study included 72 category one pregnant mothers. Sociodemographic, indication for category one cesarean delivery, DDI, perioperative maternal vital signs, intraoperative blood loss and need for transfusion of blood and ICU admissions were noted to compare maternal outcomes under general and spinal anesthesia. On the other hand, for comparison of newborn outcomes, variables such as APGAR scores at one and five minutes, need for bag mask ventilation, intubation and NICU admissions were used. Data were entered into epiData 4.6 software and exported to IBM SPSS Statistics 26 for analysis. Independent sample Student’s t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normally distributed data. On the other hand, for comparison of categorical data, chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used. A p value less than 0.05 was used to indicate a statistically significant difference in outcomes between groups.
Result
The ages of the participants were comparable between general and spinal anesthesia, with means of 27.86 ± 5.42 and 26.27 ± 6.77 years, respectively; p = 0.344. The DDI and one- and five- minute Apgar scores were significantly different between the general and spinal anesthesia groups. There was no significant difference between general and spinal anesthesia regarding neonatal and maternal death.
Conclusion
General anesthesia may be considered faster than spinal anesthesia during emergency cesarean section deliveries. However, it was found that; it is associated with fetal and maternal morbidity compared to spinal anesthesia. Therefore, we recommend spinal anesthesia over general anesthesia to achieve a better outcome.
Protocol of the Comparison of Intravesical Therapy and Surgery as Treatment Options (CISTO) Study: a pragmatic, prospective multicenter observational cohort study of recurrent high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Gore John L. , Wolff Erika , Comstock Bryan A. , Follmer Kristin M. , Nash Michael G. , Basu Anirban , Chisolm Stephanie , MacLean Douglas B. , Lee Jenney R. , Lotan Yair , Porten Sima P. , Steinberg Gary D. , Chang Sam S. , Gilbert Scott M. , Kessler Larry G. , Smith Angela B. , Collaborative CISTO 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground Bladder cancer poses a significant public health burden, with high recurrence and progression rates in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Current treatment options include bladder-sparing therapies (BST) and radical cystectomy, both with associated risks and benefits. However, evidence supporting optimal management decisions for patients with recurrent high-grade NMIBC remains limited, leading to uncertainty for patients and clinicians. The CISTO (Comparison of Intravesical Therapy and Surgery as Treatment Options) Study aims to address this critical knowledge gap by comparing outcomes between patients undergoing BST and radical cystectomy. Methods The CISTO Study is a pragmatic, prospective observational cohort trial across 36 academic and community urology practices in the US. The study will enroll 572 patients with a diagnosis of recurrent high-grade NMIBC who select management with either BST or radical cystectomy. The primary outcome is health-related quality of life (QOL) at 12 months as measured with the EORTC-QLQ-C30. Secondary outcomes include bladder cancer-specific QOL, progression-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and financial toxicity. The study will also assess patient preferences for treatment outcomes. Statistical analyses will employ targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) to address treatment selection bias and confounding by indication. Discussion The CISTO Study is powered to detect clinically important differences in QOL and cancer-specific survival between the two treatment approaches. By including a diverse patient population, the study also aims to assess outcomes across the following patient characteristics: age, gender, race, burden of comorbid health conditions, cancer severity, caregiver status, social determinants of health, and rurality. Treatment outcomes may also vary by patient preferences, health literacy, and baseline QOL. The CISTO Study will fill a crucial evidence gap in the management of recurrent high-grade NMIBC, providing evidence-based guidance for patients and clinicians in choosing between BST and radical cystectomy. The CISTO study will provide an evidence-based approach to identifying the right treatment for the right patient at the right time in the challenging clinical setting of recurrent high-grade NMIBC. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03933826. Registered on May 1, 2019.