bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of allelic combinations of grain-size regulating genes and rice grain size predicting
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Zhang Jian , Luo Hanyang , Ling Ying , Zhang Yuming , Liu Hong , Yang Guili 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rice is one of the most important crops in the world. Increasing rice yield can help alleviate the current global food shortage. Rice grain size directly affects rice grain yield and is an important target quantitative trait. Many genes regulating grain size have been mapped and cloned in recent years. However, there are few studies on the effect of different allele combinations of grain-size regulating genes. Here we studied the effect of different allele combinations of seven major grain size-regulating genes (GS3, GS5, GW8/OsSPL16, BG2, GS6, GS2 and TGW3) on grain size-related traits (grain length, grain width, grain length width ratio, thousand grain weight). We found that different allele combinations displayed significant variation in effect on rice grain size, and specific allele combinations such as GS3-A, GS6-Ⅰ, BG2-Nipponbare and TGW3-CW23 can improve grain weight. In addition, among seven genes, GS3 gene played the most important effect in regulating grain size, pyramiding GS3 alleles with other genes which have insignificant effect on grain size could significantly enhance grain size and weight. We also established multiple regression equations to predict rice grain size, which contributed to developing rice varieties with ideal traits and high yield.
GLDC promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Hao , Hu Xueqing , Zhang Yingru , Wang Jiajia , Ni Zhongya , Wang Yan , Zhu Huirong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Metastasis remains the leading cause of death in cancer patients, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) plays a decisive role in cancer metastasis. Recently, abnormal expression of Glycine Decarboxylase (GLDC) has been shown in the development of tumors, and GLDC is up-regulated in cancers such as lung cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and cervical cancer. However, the exact role of GLDC in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains to be elucidated. The aim of our study was to explore the action of GLDC in CRC metastasis. The GSE75117 database was used to investigate GLDC expression in tumor center and invasive front tissues and found that GLDC expression level was higher in invasive front tissue. GLDC expression level was negatively correlated with CRC patient prognosis. In vitro studies showed that GLDC could promote invasion and migration of CRC cells by inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway and modulating the EMT process. Blocking the Hippo signaling pathway with Verteporfin reduced the effect of GLDC on CRC metastasis. In vivo metastasis experiments further confirmed that tail vein injection of GLDC+/+ cells promoted lung metastasis, compared with normal CRC cells. The results of this study suggested that GLDC promotes EMT through Hippo signaling pathway in CRC metastasis, providing a new therapeutic target for CRC metastasis.
Explainable machine-learning model for Real-Time Prediction of Intradialytic Hypotension (IDH)
Authors: tan ling , Kuang zemin , E haihong , Song meina , Zhou gengxian , Luo haoran , Zhang ruizhi , Tang zichen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: IDH is a common and serious complication of chronic hemodialysis that can lead to adverse long-term outcomes, including increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Predicting IDH in advance may aid in establishing an intervention plan.
Method: This study used 1173783 hemodialysis sessions from 837 patients and 211 features (including time-span varying and basic information features) as datasets. We constructed 21 features (including ion changes before and after dialysis) by clinical physicians from the raw datasets. We selected 89 features by grid search recursive feature elimination (RFE) based on extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) (Gs-RFE-XGBoost) and XGBoost model to predict IDH. We used the Shapley value to achieve an explainable result for the 20 features. Besides, we used the quartile 2.5 to quartile 97.5 to get the reference range of the important continuous features.
Result: We found the most important 20 features that are blood pressure related (including the datasets of 4 features and 4 construct features), platelet count, pathway type, pre-dialysis dry weight, dialyzer type, hematocrit, basophils, platelet distribution width, pre-dialysis uric acid, KT/V, parathyroid hormone (PTH), changes in calcium before and after dialysis, dialysis age. We get 0.8446 of avg recall, 0.9149 of avg F1, 0.9410 of avg PRAUC, 0.8823 of avg precision, and 0.8944 of avg MCC to predict the IDH in real-time.
Conclusion: The Gs-RFE-XGBoost-Shapley methods can be applied as a practical, explained, and accurate method to predict IDH. The feature’s reference range can provide hints for the clinical physician to prevent the IDH of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).
Cognitive impairment in children with 5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy type 1: two case reports and the review of the literature
Authors: Yang Hua , Yang Jie , Xue Yawen , Liao Lihui , Cai Qianyun , Luo Rong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease. It is caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron1 (SMN1) gene on chromosome 5. The degeneration of lower motor neurons is the main feature. Current research focuses on the motor, respiratory, and swallowing systems of SMA children, and there are few studies on cognitive impairment. These studies evaluate the cognitive function of all diagnosed 5q- SMA patients, but have not reported and studied 5q- SMA patients who have already developed cognitive impairment. This is the first report of cognitive impairment in 5q-SMA patients.
Cases presentation: The two cases of SMA type 1 reported by us are homozygous mutations in exons 7 and 8 of 5q13 SMN1 gene. Cognitive impairment occurs in infancy. Two patients had severe motor dysfunction and speech impairment, and their communication was characterized by eye and head movements with scoliosis and joint contracture.
Conclusions: Cognitive dysfunction in SMA patients may be related to dyskinesia, onset age, education level, and the pathogenesis may be related to brain developmental disorders and SMN protein deficiency. Severe cognitive dysfunction may be a co-morbidity of SMA. Cognitive dysfunction in patients with muscle weakness and atrophy suggests that clinicians should not miss and misdiagnose SMA.
Effect of Age on the Structural Strength of Timbers Commonly Used in Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Olaniyi Segun , Olaiya Bamidele Charles 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Timber is a material used for structural purposes in construction. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the characteristics of timber, particularly its strength and the factors that influence it. In this study, timbers studied were Brachystegia eurycoma (Eku), Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sapele) and Gmelina Arborea (Melina). A personal visit to the forest where they were freshly retrieved allowed for the collection of samples of timber from varied ages. By counting the number of annual growth rings, which are a combination of early wood and late wood, it was possible to establish the age of the wood. The acquired samples were cut to standard sizes in accordance with BS 373 1957 (Imprint 1999), 20mm X 20mm X 60mm for determining the maximum compressive strength parallel to grain, 20mm X 20mm X 300mm for determining the bending strength, and 20mm X 20mm X 20mm for static stress strength. Results obtained showed that Eku is better in compressive strength and Sapele is worthier in bending strength. The maximum compressive strength value was 49.31kN/m2 (at 45years), 45.89kN/m2 (at 60years) and 11.30kN/m2 (at 25years), maximum bending strength were 187.55kN/m2 (at 35years), 278.79kN/m2 (at 70years) and 176.36kN/m2 (at 20years) and shear strength were 10.05kN/m2 (at 50years), 9.22kN/m2 (at 70years) and 10.91kN/m2 (at 25years) for Eku, Sapele and Melina timbers respectively. In conclusion, it was determined that the strength of wood is influenced by the age of the wood.
Mutagenicity Induced by Coal, Fly and Bottom Ash Using Allium Cepa and Salmonella/microsome Tests
Authors: Leote Grasiela , Garcia Ana L. H. , Matzenbacher Cristina A. , Picada Jaqueline N. , Boaretto Fernanda Brião Menezes , Corrêa Dione Silva , Premoli Suziane M. , Niekraszewicz Liana , Dias Johnny F. , Rohr Paula , Silva Juliana da 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Coal and its by-products are complex mixtures which can have an impact on the environment and human health. Complex mixtures of coal and its by-products have an impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic effect of coal, fly ash and bottom ash using the Allium cepaand Salmonella/microsome test, and to correlate the results with the organic and inorganic components detected in the samples. This study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic effect of coal, fly ash and bottom ash using Allium cepa and the Salmonella/microsome test, and to correlate the results with organic and inorganic components detected in the samples. The samples were obtained in the Presidente Medici power plant at Candiota (Brazil). The samples did not show cytotoxicity in the A. cepatest or a mutagenic effect in the Salmonella/microsome test. Nevertheless, we observed an increase in micronucleus frequency for coal and bottom ash exposure. Different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inorganic elements were detected and related to the mutagenicity results. The study demonstrates the need for preventive measures to protect coal and ash handling to avoid possible damage to health.
Insights into cellular behavior and micromolecular communications in urothelial micrografts
Authors: Juul Nikolai , Willacy Oliver , Mamand Doste R. , Andaloussi Samir El , Eisfeldt Jesper , Chamorro Clara Ibel , Fossum Magdalena 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Autologous micrografting is a technique currently applied within skin wound healing, however, the potential use for surgical correction of other organs with epithelial lining, including the urinary bladder, remains largely unexplored. Currently, little is known about the micrograft expansion potential and the micromolecular events that occur in micrografted urothelial cells. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the regenerative potential of different porcine urothelial micrograft sizes in vitro, and, furthermore, to explore how urothelial micrografts communicate and which microcellular events are triggered. We demonstrated that increased tissue fragmentation subsequently potentiated the yield of proliferative cells and the cellular expansion potential, which confirms, that the micrografting principles of skin epithelium also apply to uroepithelium. Furthermore, we targeted the expression of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and demonstrated that ERK activation occurred predominately at the micrograft borders and that ERK inhibition led to decreased urothelial migration and proliferation. Finally, we successfully isolated extracellular vesicles from the micrograft culture medium and evaluated their contents and relevance within various enriched biological processes. Our findings substantiate the potential of applying urothelial micrografting in future tissue-engineering models for reconstructive urological surgery, and, furthermore, highlights certain mechanisms as potential targets for future wound healing treatments.
A Novel Viral Assembly Inhibitor Blocks SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors: Du Li , Deiter Fred , Bouzidi Mohamed , Billaud Jean-Noel , Graham Simmons , Prerna Dabral , Selvarajah Suganya , Lingappa Anuradha , Michon Maya , Yu Shao , Paulvannan Kumar , Lingappa Vishwanath , Boushey Homer , Greenland John , Pillai Satish 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 to evade vaccines and therapeutics underlines the need for novel therapies with high genetic barriers to resistance. The small molecule PAV-104, identified through a cell-free protein synthesis and assembly screen, was recently shown to target host protein assembly machinery in a manner specific to viral assembly. Here, we investigated the capacity of PAV-104 to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in human airway epithelial cells (AECs). Our data demonstrate that PAV-104 inhibited > 99% of infection with diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants in primary and immortalized human AECs. PAV-104 suppressed SARS-CoV-2 production without affecting viral entry or protein synthesis. PAV-104 interacted with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and interfered with its oligomerization, blocking particle assembly. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PAV-104 reversed SARS-CoV-2 induction of the Type-I interferon response and the ‘maturation of nucleoprotein’ signaling pathway known to support coronavirus replication. Our findings suggest that PAV-104 is a promising therapeutic candidate for COVID-19.
Thymoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a case report and systematic review
Authors: gao yuting , Li Ran , Wu Lingge , Yang Hongbo , Mao Jiangfeng , Zhao Wei-Gang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare syndrome that combines endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. Thymic neuroendocrine tumors are uncommon components that predict poor prognosis in patients with MEN1. We aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of thymoma in MEN1 by reviewing the current reports from the literature.
Methods: A patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (parathyroid hyperplasia, pituitary adenoma, and insulinoma) was found to have a 2×1.5cm thymic mass during long-term follow-up. Thoracoscope surgery was performed, and a histopathology examination revealed WHO Type B3 thymoma. A pathogenic mutation of c.783+1G>A in the MEN1 gene was identified. We further searched PubMed and EMBASE for thymoma in association with MEN1.
Results: A comprehensive overview of the literature concerning characteristics of MEN1-related thymoma was summarized. Clinical characteristics and differences between thymoma and thymic carcinoid are highlighted.
Conclusions: Besides carcinoid, other tumors, including thymoma, need to be identified for thymic space-occupying lesions in MEN1 patients. The impact of thymoma on the long-term prognosis of MEN1 patients needs further investigation.
Construction of healthy liver of largemouth bass in short-term by steroidal saponins before heat season coming
Authors: Cheng Tao , Chen Jiandong , Shen Xiangdong , Chen Guiqiong , Tan Beiping , Chi Shuyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Saponins has been confirmed to alleviate tissues damage in mice exposed to high temperatures. Focusing on the industrial development of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), this study exihbited the effects of steroidal saponins (SS) on the growth performance and the liver health of largemouth bass under the high-temperature stress. Two experiments were carried out, the first trial was designed to evaluate the growth performance of fish fed the experimental diets containing SS 0 and 0.1% (SS0 and SS0.1) for one month. And then the second trial was put into effect to evaluate these fish under the high-temperature stress for one week, and the groups were name as SS0, HSS0, SS0.1 and HSS0.1, respectively. In the first feeding trial, the higher feeding rate was found in SS0.1 group (P < 0.05), no significant difference was observed between the groups SS0 and SS0.1 in survival rate, weight gain rate, special growth rate and feed coefficient rate, respectively. After one week of high-temperature stress, specific growth rate, weight gain rate of fish were higher in the SS0 and SS0.1 groups than in the HSS0 and HSS0.1 groups (P < 0.05). In terms of feeding rate, the SS0.1 and HSS0.1 groups were significantly higher than the other two groups (P < 0.05). Hepatic il-8 gene expression was down-regulated in largemouth bass fed with 0.1% SS regardless of temperature. Under high temperature stress, genes expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, tnf-α, il-8 and hsp70 were significantly down-regulated in the liver of largemouth bass reard in HSS0.1 group. The activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver were significantly increased and serum enzyme activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were significantly decreased in HSS0.1 group (P < 0.05). Compare to HSS0 group, hepatic vacuolization areas of fish in HSS0.1 group were improved (P < 0.05). Therefore, the results of the study supported that the 0.1% SS used in the diet feeding largemouth bass for one month could strengthen the body health, and the liver showed the more healthy when the fish sufferred the high-temperture stress compare to the fish fed diet free SS.
Spatial distribution and sequential sampling protocol for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on commercial maize fields in Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: López-Urquídez Guadalupe A. , Serrano Miguel , Clark Thomas , Armenta-Chavez Rogelio , Tirado-Ramírez Martín A. , Vega-Gutiérrez Tomás A. , Orona Carlos Alfonso López 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most important pest on maize (Zea mays L.) crops in Mexico and can cause substantial economic losses if left unmanaged. Commonly, growers carry out some control strategies when observe damage caused by S. frugiperda in their crops without considering whether the level of damage is sufficient to warrant any action. Some authors suggest considering as reference a level damage of 20% or more. Nevertheless, the Sinaloa growers lack of a practical method to estimate such damage. Therefore, the objective of this research was to develop a sequential sampling method that can determine the most appropriate time to initiate a control strategy and that can be applied by the producers of Sinaloa, Mexico. Three trials were established to evaluate six different sequential sampling methods, using a probabilistic test based on the presence and absence of damaged plants and an action threshold of 15 %. The results indicate the best option was a sequential sampling plan based on the Taylor method, performing the regression analysis with Log10, with a maximum of 50 sampling units per plot.
Low birth weight and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnant women in Lomé (Togo) in 2021: a cross-sectional study
Authors: TOGAN Roméo Mèdéssè , TAKASSI Ounoo Elom , GBEASOR-KOMLANVI Fifonsi , SADIO Arnold Junior , KONU Rodion Yao , TCHANKONI Martin Kouame , Akiti Gloria , ADOLI Latame Komla , EKOUEVI Didier Koumavi , ATAKOUMA Dzayissé Yawo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa bears the heaviest burden of malariain the world. Pregnant women and children aged 0–5 years are the most affected. Malaria can cause foetal complications such as intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight (LBW). Since 2012, WHO has recommended intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) to prevent malaria-related complications in pregnant women.
Objectives:
The objective of this study was to estimate the proportion of LBW and its associated factors in Lomé (Togo) in 2021.
Methods:
A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2021. An exhaustive recruitment of women and their newborns was carried out in the gynaecology and obstetrics department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center. Data from prenatal consultations of the mothers and clinical information of the newborns were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with LBW. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
A total of 252 mother-child pairswere included in this study. The proportion of women who received at least three doses of IPT-SP was 66.7% and 37/252 newborns (14.7%) had LBW. Newborns of mothers who received less than three doses of IPT-SP had a higher risk of LBW (aOR = 9.3; 95%CI [4.2–22.3]).
Conclusion:
Ten years after WHO recommendations on IPT-Sp, Malaria prevention with IPT-SP is not optimal among pregnant women in Lomé. Interventions to strengthen the three-dose IPT policy are needed for the prevention of malaria and its consequences on the foetus in Lomé, Togo.
Integrated DNA methylation analysis reveals a potential role for PTPRN2 in Marfan syndrome scoliosis
Authors: Zheng Zhen-zhong , Xu Jing-hong , Chen Jia-lin , Jiang Bin , Ma Hong , Li Lei , Li Ya-wei , Dai Yu-liang , Wang Bing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the Fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) with significant clinical features in the skeletal, cardiopulmonary, and ocular systems. To gain deeper insights into the contribution of epigenetics in the variability of phenotypes observed in MFS, we undertook the first analysis of integrating DNA methylation and gene expression profiles in whole blood from MFS and healthy controls (HCs).
Methods
The Illumina 850K (EPIC) DNA methylation array was used to detect DNA methylation changes on peripheral blood samples of seven patients with MFS and five HCs. Associations between methylation levels and clinical features of MFS were analyzed. Subsequently, we conducted an integrated analysis of the outcomes of the transcriptome data to analyze the correlation between differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and explore the potential role of methylation regulated DEGs (MeDEGs) in MFS scoliosis. The weighted gene co‑expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to find gene modules with the highest correlation coefficient with target MeDEGs to annotate their functions in MFS.
Results
Our study identified 1253 DMPs annotated to 236 genes that were primarily associated with scoliosis, cardiomyopathy, and vital capacity. These conditions are typically associated with reduced lifespan in untreated MFS. We calculated correlations between DMPs and clinical features, such as cobb angle to evaluate scoliosis and FEV1% to assess pulmonary function. Notably, cg20223687 (PTPRN2) and cg00259849 (CSMD1) exhibited an inverse correlation with cobb angle of scoliosis, potentially playing a role in ERKs inactivation and chondrocyte proliferation, respectively.
Conclusions
Taken together, our systems-level approach sheds light on the contribution of epigenetics to MFS and offers a plausible explanation for the complex phenotypes that are linked to reduced lifespan in untreated MFS patients.