bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of defaulter to full vaccination among children aged 12-23 months in Siraro District, West Arsi zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A Case-Control study
Authors: Guye Ararso Hordofa , Nigussie Tadesse , Tesema Mengistu , Shambi Dame Banti , Diriba Berhanu Senbeta , Dureso Negasa Shuma , Debela Sisay Motuma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective global public health interventions to reduce childhood morbidity and mortality. Defaulters to full vaccination can put the children at greater risk of acquiring vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, and the reason for not receiving full vaccination is not well explored, and there is limited evidence about defaulters to full vaccination in Ethiopia.
Objectives: To identify determinants of defaulter to full vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Siraro District, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among children aged 12–23 months from March 20 to April 30, 2022, with a total sample size of 444 (148 cases and 296 controls). Cases were children aged 12-23 months who had missed at least one routine vaccination dose, while controls were children who had received all of the recommended routine vaccinations. Consecutive sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to select representative cases and controls respectively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, entered into Epi-data version 4.6, and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify determinants of failure to receive full vaccination, and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of ≤0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance of the association.
Result: Of the assessed determinants of defaulter to full vaccination; inadequate knowledge of mothers/caretakers (AOR=4.32, 95% CI:2.78-6.70), educational status of father unable to read and write (AOR=3.66, 95% CI:1.29-10.39), time to reach health facility ≥30 minutes (AOR=2.45, 95% CI:1.51-3.97), not told about the type of vaccine received (AOR=2.37, 95% CI;1.27-4.45), no parents discussion on vaccination (AOR=2.16, 95% CI:1.24-3.79), home delivery (AOR=2.43, 95% CI:1.39-4.25) and not participated in pregnant mother conference (AOR=2.47, 95% CI=1.35-4.49) were the identified determinants of defaulter to full vaccination.
Conclusion: Mothers knowledge, father’s education, place of delivery, time to reach health facility, health workers told type of vaccine received, participation in pregnant mother conference and parents discussion on vaccination were the determinants of defaulter to full vaccination status. Thus, the district health office should work on defaulters of vaccination by strengthening immunization service delivery and improving maternal knowledge on vaccination through pregnant mother conference participation.
Fat Injection as a Supporting method in Grafting of Skin Particles Combined with Oral Mucosa in Vaginal Agenesis Repairing
Authors: Yu Yang , Ling Zhang , Jing Zhuang , PengHua Zeng , XiongWen Qiu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
This paper discusses a method of local injection of autologous fat granules in repairing vaginal agenesis to further improve the effectiveness of the grafting of skin particles combined with oral mucosa.
Methods
This is a clinical study. Fat is suctioned out from the abdominal wall and is injected into the tissue space between the urethra and rectum. A cavity is formed by blunt dissection. Both oral mucosa and free skin grafts are cut into granules and mixed. A soft vaginal mold is evenly spread with the aforesaid mixed tissue. Then the soft mold is placed into the reconstructed vaginal cavity. After 14 days, the soft mold is taken out and replaced with a hard mold.
Results
There were 11 patients with vaginal agenesis treated with vaginal reconstruction. Follow up period varied from 6 months to 2 years and showed the reconstructed vagina as being soft and elastic while firm.
Conclusion
In skin grafting for treating vaginal agenesis using skin granules, the application of fat granule injection as a supporting structure can improve the degree of simulation. It is an upgrade based on the original method and is worthy of extending clinical practice.
Transcription factors induce differential splicing of duplicated ribosomal protein genes during meiosis
Authors: Elela Sherif Abou , Petibon Cyrielle , Catala Mathieu , Morales Danna , Panchapakesan Shanker , Unrau Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In yeast, most ribosomal proteins are produced from duplicated genes. These nearly identical protein pairs are expressed at varying levels, with one ‘major paralog’ usually predominating. The minor paralog is highly transcribed but held in check through reduced intron removal, but the mechanism and purpose of this copy-specific repression remains unclear. In this study, we searched for proteins that achieve copy-specific expression by acting through the intron of the minor paralog of the model duplicated small ribosomal subunit protein S9 genes. By mass spectrometry and gene deletion we demonstrate that the transcription factors Rim101 and Taf14 bind to the intron and inhibit the splicing of the minor RPS9 paralog. RPS9A is then specifically de-repressed during meiosis to ensure optimal expression of meiotic genes and efficient sporulation. Our results reveal a new regulatory paradigm where transcriptional factors can also modulate splicing rates to optimize the expression of duplicated ribosomal protein genes.
Genetic landscape of homologous recombination repair genes in early-onset/familial prostate cancer patients
Authors: Teixeira Manuel , Paulo Paula , Cardoso Marta , Brandão Andreia , Pinto Pedro , Falconi Ariane , Pinheiro Manuela , Cerveira Nuno , Santos Rui , Santos Catarina , Pinto Carla , Peixoto Ana , Maia Sofia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PrCa) is among the three top most frequent and deadlier cancers worldwide. The discovery of PARP inhibitors for the treatment of tumors having deleterious variants in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes has placed PrCa in the roadmap of precision medicine. Still, the overall contribution of HRR genes for the 10-20% of the carcinomas arising in men with early-onset/familial PrCa has not been fully clarified. We used Targeted Next Generation Sequencing (T-NGS) covering eight HRR genes (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CHEK2, NBN, PALB2 and RAD51C) and an analysis pipeline querying both small and large genomic variations, to clarify both their global and relative contribution for hereditary PrCa predisposition in a series of 462 early-onset/familial PrCa cases. Deleterious variants were found in 3.9% of the patients, with CHEK2 and ATM being the most frequently mutated genes (38.9% and 22.2% of the carriers, respectively), followed by PALB2 and NBN (11.1% of the carriers, each), and then by BRCA2, RAD51C, and BRIP1 (5.6% of the carriers each). Using the same NGS data, exonic rearrangements were found in two patients, one pathogenic in BRCA2 and one of unknown significance in BRCA1. Additionally, 5.4% of the patients were carriers of variants of unknown significance (VUS). These results support the utility of T-NGS to clarify the genetic heterogeneity that underlies PrCa predisposition, allowing to detect both small and large genomic variations, and unveil CHEK2 and ATM as the major HRR genes associated with early-onset and familial PrCa, respectively.
Duration of blastocyst collapse is associated with blastocyst ploidy and live birth rate after single euploid blastocyst transfers
Authors: Zhu Jiahong , Zou Jiayi , Xiong Shun , Wu Lihong , Gao Yang , Liu Junxia , Huang Guoning , Han Wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate whether the total duration of collapse to re-expansion is associated with blastocyst ploidy and live birth rate after euploid blastocyst transfers.
Methods
In total, 600 preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles with 2203 blastocysts were included in this study, all embryos were cultured in the time-lapse incubators. The intensity, frequency and total duration of collapses during blastocyst expansion were observed by embryoscope viewer. Five hundred and sixty-eight cycles with single euploid frozen blastocyst transfer were performed. The association between collapse features and the euploidy rates and the clinical outcomes after euploid embryo transfers were evaluated, using Generalized Estimating Equation multivariate regression.
Results
The results showed that the intensity, frequency and total duration of collapses were negatively correlated with the euploidy rate. However, after controlling for the confounders, the generalized estimating equation (GEE) multivariate regression showed that neither the intensity nor the frequency of collapses had significant impact on the euploidy rate, while the total duration of collapses to re-expansion was significantly associated with the euploidy rate, the multivariate OR was 0.81 (95%CI: 0.70–0.93, P < 0.05). In addition, the total duration of collapses to re-expansion and the collapses frequency negatively affected the live birth rate, the multivariate OR were 0.55(95%CI: 0.38–0.80, P < 0.05) and 1.76(95CI%:1.07–2.91, P < 0.05), respectively. However, none of the collapse related parameters were associated with the pregnancy loss after euploid blastocyst transfers.
Conclusion
The total duration of collapse to re-expansion can be used as a predictor of aneuploidy and reduced live birth rate when selecting a single euploid blastocyst for transfer. Further studies with well-design are needed to confirm the current result.
Nudging vaccination against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: zhang jiarong , Jin Hui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: New approaches to mitigate vaccine hesitancy (VH) and improve vaccine uptake and willingness are urgently needed. Nudging is a new approach that has shown effective results in several areas of health. However, the effectiveness is unclear regarding nudging interventions to improve intentions and behaviors related to COVID-19 vaccination.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until August 5, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were considered to determine whether nudging improved COVID-19 vaccination behavior and intent. The risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as pooled measures to assess vaccination behavior. Intention to vaccinate was reported in the narrative synthesis.
Results: A total of 15 RCTs involving 167,127 individuals were included. Nudge strategies significantly boosted the COVID-19 vaccine uptake rate (RR: 1.19, 95% CI [1.07, 1.33], p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that there was a weak positive effect on vaccine uptake of social norms (RR: 2.04, 95% Cl [1.61, 2.57]), defaults (RR: 1.32, 95% CI [1.03, 1.69]), and salient reminders (RR: 1.19, 95% CI [1.04, 1.36]). Additionally, the effect of nudging interventions on COVID-19 vaccine uptake weakened over time(p < 0.0001). Most studies (9 of 10) involving vaccination intention outcomes showed positive or partially positive results.
Conclusion: Nudging interventions can promote COVID-19 vaccination behavior and intentions, albeit with small magnitude, and need to be combined with other intervention strategies to promote vaccination.
The Impact of E-cigarette Usage on Cognitive Performance Level among University Students in Malaysia: A case-controlled study
Authors: Kamarudin Siti Norsyafika , Hashim Natiara Mohamad , Daud Ahmad Zamir Che , Ahmedy Fatimah , Salim Mazatulfazura Sf , Hassan Salmah Anim Abu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is an electronic device containing a cartridge filled with liquid nicotine and other chemicals, producing inhalable smoke. Malaysia is known to be one of the biggest markets for e-cigarettes due to the highest recorded number of young consumers. E-cigarette cause multiple pulmonary complications or direct injury secondary to the device explosion. Little is known about its effects on cognitive performance, and its potential hazard to the brain. Given a different sociodemographic background and e-cigarette profile compared to the other country, it is paramount to explore its potential effect on cognitive function among the young population in Malaysia.
Method:
This is a case-controlled study to explore the cognitive performance differences between e-cigarette users and non-users among university students in Malaysia. We performed a face-to-face cognitive evaluation using WHO Auditory Verbal Learning Tests (WHO-AVLT), Trail Making test (TMT), and Digit Span Test (DST). We assessed the knowledge and attitude towards e-cigarettes using a self-reported questionnaire and explored their association with the behaviour.
Results:
DST has shown a significant difference, with the e-cigarette users demonstrated a higher score compared to non-cigarette users with scores of 21.75 and 20.17, p < 0.05, respectively. There were no significant differences between the e-cigarette users and non-users for WHO-AVLT and TMT. E-cigarette users demonstrate a lower level of knowledge and attitude than users, showing a significant association with e-cigarette behavior.
Conclusion:
E-cigarette does not cause a cognitive performance decline among university students. This study provides the initial evidence of whether there is any potential for e-cigarette effect on cognitive function among our local young population. The finding may serve as a reference for a more robust related study in the future.
The anti-neoplastic impact of thymoquinone from Nigella sativa on small cell lung cancer: in vitro and in vivo investigations
Authors: Khan Mahjabin , Lam Sze Kwan , Yan Sheng , Feng Yuqian , Chen Caoyang , Ko Frankie Chi Fat , Ho James Chung Man 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:
Malignant and aggressive, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) comprises about 15% of all diagnosed lung cancer cases. With primary therapeutic options like chemotherapy accompanied by enfeebling side-effects, interest has been soaring in the therapeutic competencies of herbs. One such herb is Nigella sativa. Surviving millennia, originating, and populating Middle-eastern and Mediterranean culture and cuisine, Nigella sativa has been investigated for its anti-cancer effects. The pharmacological driving force behind beneficial properties of Nigella sativa is the quinone, thymoquinone (TQ). Much research has been done on anti-cancer effects of TQ in different cancers. However, for its effects in SCLC, a lone paper exists in the entire NCBI database. This necessitates more and detailed investigations.
Methods:
The current study examines impacts of TQ in vitro on 5 SCLC cell lines and in vivo in a nude mice xenograft model. The in vitro effects of TQ on SCLC (a) cell viability were determined through MTT assay and crystal violet assay; (b) apoptosis were measured via apoptosis marker phosphatidyl serine externalization through the annexin-V assay and mitochondrial membrane depolarization through the JC-1 assay; (c) cell cycle arrest via PI staining; (d) intracellular ROS levels through H2DCFDA staining, and protein expression in concomitant signaling pathways through western blotting. As for the in vivo effects of TQ on SCLC, (a) tumor weight and volume were determined, (b) selected protein expression in selected concomitant signaling pathways through western blotting.
Results:
TQ effectuated reduction in cell viability, induction of apoptosis and S-phase arrest, depletion of reactive oxygen species, and alteration of protein expressions in associated signaling pathways. Furthermore, TQ exhibited tumor suppressive effect in a H446 SCLC xenograft model.
Conclusions:
Cytotoxic impacts of TQ stemming from anti-cancer mechanisms have been elucidated. The positive results obtained in this study warrant consequential future research.
Cognitive and physical age-gaps in relation to mild cognitive impairment and behavioral phenotypes
Authors: Yu Junhong , Ng Ted Kheng Siang , Mahendran Rathi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: We can study how fast our biological aging clocks tick by calculating the difference (i.e., age-gaps) between machine learning estimations of biological age and chronological age. While this approach has been increasingly used to study various aspects of aging, few had applied this approach to study cognitive and physical age-gaps; not much is known about the behavioral and neurocognitive factors associated with these age-gaps. In the present study, we examined these age-gaps in relation to behavioral phenotypes and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: Participants (N=822, Agemean=67.6) were partitioned into equally-sized training and testing samples. Cognitive and physical age-prediction models were fitted using nine cognitive and eight physical fitness test scores, respectively, within the training samples, and subsequently used to estimate cognitive and physical age-gaps for each subject in the testing sample. These age-gaps were then compared among those with and without MCI, and correlated with 17 behavioral phenotypes in the domains of lifestyle, well-being, and attitudes.
Results: Across 5,000 random train-test split iterations, we showed that older cognitive and physical age-gaps were significantly associated with MCI (versus cognitively normal) and worse outcomes across several well-being and attitude-related measures. Both age-gaps were also significantly correlated with each other.
Conclusions: These results suggest accelerated cognitive and physical aging were linked to worse well-being and more negative attitudes about the self and others, and reinforce the link between cognitive and physical aging. Importantly, we have also validated the use of cognitive age-gaps in the diagnosis of MCI.
Physicochemical and antibacterial properties of Graphene Oxide-Silver/Graphene Oxide/Chitosan composite wound dressing
Authors: Liu HaoHuai , He ZhiZhou , Wang YuFei , Peng LingXi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Graphene oxide was prepared by the modified Hummers method and ultrasonic treatment, ammoniacal silver solution and glucose were added into graphene oxide suspension to prepare graphene oxide-silver (GO-Ag) nanoparticles. And then the achieved GO-Ag nanoparticles were incorporated into chitosan and graphene oxide to prepare graphene oxide-silver/graphene oxide /chitosan(GO-Ag/GO/CS) composites. The structure and properties of GO-Ag/GO/CS composite have been investigated by XRD, IR, TG, Tensile test, cytotoxicity test and antibacterial test. XRD and IR analysis indicated that GO-Ag was successfully compounded with graphene oxide and chitosan, the structure of GO-Ag was unchanged after being incorporation. Tensile test showed that the incorporation of graphene oxide into chitosan matrix can effectively improve the tensile strength of GO-Ag/GO/CS composite, especially the wet-state tensile strength. When incorporated of 4wt% GO into chitosan matrix, the wet-state tensile strengths of GO-Ag/GO/CS were improved by 214.3% compared with chitosan matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the incorporation of graphene oxide has a slight effect on the thermal stability of CS. The results of cytotoxicity test showed that the cytotoxicity levels of GO-Ag/GO/CS composites were all in the range of non-cytotoxic when the dosages of GO-Ag were changing from 3.0 mg to 6.0 mg, which satisfied the safety standards of biomaterials. The bacteriostatic rate of GO-Ag/GO/CS-5 group (contain 5mg GO-Ag) against Staphylococcus aureus can reach 98.31%, showing excellent bacteriostatic effect, which could be used for further experimental study.
Reversible Hyperintensity in Middle Cerebellar Peduncles, an infrequent finding in Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
Authors: Domínguez Daniel López , Casadevall Marc Puig , Bravo Gary Álvarez 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle sign (MCP-sign) is an infrequent finding in brain MRI, usually in the context of neurodegenerative pathologies, considered a classic sign of fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome. Its description in other entities is anecdotal. We present a case of Marchiafava-Bignami Disease (MBD), where reversible hyperintensity in MCP-sign is observed. A 59-year-old male, with history of alcoholism, presented subacute gait disturbance and cognitive deterioration, with progressive worsening over 3 months. On examination, we observed somnolence, dysarthria, cerebellar and sensory ataxia, and cognitive impairment (recovery-memory deficit, executive-attentional dysfunction). Brain MRI showed global thinning of the corpus callosum, T2 hyperintensity at the splenium and MCP-sign; findings described in MBD. The analytical study showed deficiency of folic acid and thiamine. Genetic study ruled out FMR1 premutation. Final diagnosis was probable MBD type B. Treatment with vitamin supplementation showed progressive clinical improvement. A follow-up brain MRI, 2 months after hospital discharge, highlights the resolution of MCP sign, but persistence of the findings in the corpus callosum. MBD is an infrequent pathology, associated with alcoholism and malnutrition, characterized by demyelinating lesions involving the corpus callosum. The few cases described demonstrate a highly variable clinical presentation. The MCP-sign has been described only in a few reports. In our case, good clinical and radiological response stands out after vitamin supplementation. The presence of MCP-sign should also suggest the possibility of MBD, and early vitamin and nutritional assessment should be performed, being an infrequent but treatable entity, with a potentially fatal course in the absence of treatment.