bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiles and diagnostic value of intestinal microbiota in schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Xing Mengjuan , Gao Hui , Yao Lili , Wang Li , Zhang Chengfang , Zhu Liping , Cui Donghong 
Published: July 2023

Aims/hypothesisIt is widely thought that the intestinal microbiota plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. However, the gut microbiota composition and characteristics of schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been largely understudied. Herein, we investigated the association between the metabolic status of mainland Chinese schizophrenia patients with MetS and the intestinal microbiome.MethodsFecal microbiota communities from 115 male schizophrenia patients (57 with MetS and 58 without MetS) were assessed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We assessed the variations of gut microbiome between both groups and explored potential associations between intestinal microbiota and parameters of MetS. In addition, the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) based on the KEGG database was used to predict the function of intestinal microbiota. We also conducted Decision Tree Analysis to develop a diagnostic model for the MetS in patients with schizophrenia based on the composition of intestinal microbiota.ResultsThe fecal microbial diversity significantly differed between groups with or without MetS (α-diversity (Shannon index and Simpson index): p=0.0155, p=0.0089; β-diversity: p=0.001). Moreover, the microbial composition was significantly different between the two groups, involving five phyla and 38 genera (p&lt;0.05). In addition, a significant correlation was observed between the metabolic-related parameters and abundance of altered microbiota including HDL-c (r2 = 0.203, p=0.0005), GLU (r2 = 0.286, p=0.0005) and WC (r2 = 0.061, p=0.037). Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis showed that 16 signaling pathways were significantly enriched between the two groups (p&lt;0.05). Importantly, our diagnostic model based on five microorganisms established by decision tree analysis could effectively distinguish between patients with and without MetS (AUC = 0.94).Conclusions/interpretationOur study established the compositional and functional characteristics of intestinal microbiota in schizophrenia patients with MetS. These new findings provide novel insights into a better understanding of this disease and provide the theoretical basis for implementing new interventional therapies in clinical practice.
Abnormalities of pubertal development and gonadal function in Noonan syndrome
Authors: Patti Giuseppa , Scaglione Marco , Maiorano Nadia Gabriella , Rosti Giulia , Divizia Maria Teresa , Camia Tiziana , De Rose Elena Lucia , Zucconi Alice , Casalini Emilio , Napoli Flavia , Di Iorgi Natascia , Maghnie Mohamad 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundNoonan syndrome (NS) is a genetic multisystem disorder characterised by variable clinical manifestations including dysmorphic facial features, short stature, congenital heart disease, renal anomalies, lymphatic malformations, chest deformities, cryptorchidism in males.MethodsIn this narrative review, we summarized the available data on puberty and gonadal function in NS subjects and the role of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway in fertility. In addition, we have reported our personal experience on pubertal development and vertical transmission in NS.ConclusionsAccording to the literature and to our experience, NS patients seem to have a delay in puberty onset compared to the physiological timing reported in healthy children. Males with NS seem to be at risk of gonadal dysfunction secondary not only to cryptorchidism but also to other underlying developmental factors including the MAP/MAPK pathway and genetics. Long-term data on a large cohort of males and females with NS are needed to better understand the impact of delayed puberty on adult height, metabolic profile and well-being. The role of genetic counselling and fertility related-issues is crucial.
Predictive role of serum C-peptide in new-onset renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Sun Dongmei , Hu Yifei , Ma Yongjun , Wang Huabin 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundOur previous cross-sectional study has demonstrated the independently non-linear relationship between fasting C-peptide with renal dysfunction odds in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in China. This longitudinal observational study aims to explore the role of serum C-peptide in risk prediction of new-onset renal dysfunction, then construct a predictive model based on serum C-peptide and other clinical parameters.MethodsThe patients with T2D and normal renal function at baseline were recruited in this study. The LASSO algorithm was performed to filter potential predictors from the baseline variables. Logistic regression (LR) was performed to construct the predictive model for new-onset renal dysfunction risk. Power analysis was performed to assess the statistical power of the model.ResultsDuring a 2-year follow-up period, 21.08% (35/166) of subjects with T2D and normal renal function at baseline progressed to renal dysfunction. Six predictors were determined using LASSO regression, including baseline albumin-to-creatinine ratio, glycated hemoglobin, hypertension, retinol-binding protein-to-creatinine ratio, quartiles of fasting C-peptide, and quartiles of fasting C-peptide to 2h postprandial C-peptide ratio. These 6 predictors were incorporated to develop model for renal dysfunction risk prediction using LR. Finally, the LR model achieved a high efficiency, with an AUC of 0.83 (0.76 - 0.91), an accuracy of 75.80%, a sensitivity of 88.60%, and a specificity of 70.80%. According to the power analysis, the statistical power of the LR model was found to be 0.81, which was at a relatively high level. Finally, a nomogram was developed to make the model more available for individualized prediction in clinical practice.ConclusionOur results indicated that the baseline level of serum C-peptide had the potential role in the risk prediction of new-onset renal dysfunction. The LR model demonstrated high efficiency and had the potential to guide individualized risk assessments for renal dysfunction in clinical practice.
Phosphorus uptake mechanisms associated with phosphorus application levels in two cotton cultivars
Authors: Cai Fangyuan , Zhang Yingrong , Hou Tianyu , Zhang Man , Wang Juanhong , Chen Bolang 
Published: July 2023

Poor phosphorus utilization is a common limitation of sustainable cotton production. Even so, the intrinsic potential for efficient phosphorus acquisition of the roots remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore if phosphorus acquisition in cotton is affected by interactions that could possibly be associated with root morphology and gene expression, between genotype and application rates. A pot experiment was conducted with seven phosphorus application rates: 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 150, and 300 mg P kg−1. The agronomic characters, root morphology, and expression of the PHT1 gene in the roots of cotton varieties with different phosphorus acquisition efficiencies were measured. According to the results, the phosphorus acquisition efficiency in cultivar XLZ19 was higher than in XLZ13 for phosphorus uptake because of the upregulation of GhPTs gene expression that increased the total root length and proportion of fine roots. The Olsen-P levels in the soil ranged from 20 to 30 mg kg−1 at the seedling stage and from 15 to 25 mg kg−1 at the flowering stage, suggesting better root growth and phosphorus supply. The conversion of phosphorus fertilizers to soil Olsen-P decreased when the phosphorus application rate exceeded 50–75 mg kg−1. The phosphorus acquisition–efficient XLZ19 phenotype owes its efficiency to high GhPTs expression and morphological changes in the roots. Finally, with these crops that are highly efficient in phosphorus acquisition, agricultural practices in sustainable cotton production may consume less phosphorus fertilizers.
The direct and indirect spatial spillover effects of infrastructure on urban green and smart development
Authors: Wang Dandan , Xu Lingyan , Du Jianguo 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Economic development is not simply the accumulation of elements, but the improvement of efficiency, which is supported by infrastructure construction. In particular, the urban green and smart development (UGSD) in recent years has put forward higher requirements for infrastructure, and domestic trade as well as opening-up are of great significance during the process.Methods: Based on the panel data of 221 prefecture-level cities in China from the year of 2005 to 2019, this paper adopts the undesirable SBM model and GML index to measure the level of UGSD. Then the spatial Durbin model is conducted to explore the direct spatial spillover effects and the spatial decomposition effects of energy, transportation, and information infrastructure on UGSD. Considering the context of dual cycle, the indirect effects of domestic trade and opening-up between infrastructures and UGSD are further analyzed.Results: Results show that UGSD demonstrates strong spatial agglomeration and maintains a stable spatial positive correlation with different spatial matrices. In general, energy and transportation infrastructure show positive spatial spillover effects on UGSD. By contrast, information infrastructure presents positive spatial spillover effect on UGSD on the whole, while shows insignificant and negative spatial spillover effect with geographical distance matrix. Furthermore, the mediation effect indicates that both transportation and information infrastructure mainly promote local and adjacent cities’ UGSD through domestic trade with economic distance matrix. By contrast, energy infrastructure exerts positive spatial spillover effect on UGSD through weakening the negative impact of opening-up.Discussion: The conclusions of the research show that it is necessary to construct infrastructure in a reasonable way, strengthen the positive spillover effect of intercity factors, and promote the two-wheel driving effect of domestic trade and opening-up on the relationship between infrastructure and UGSD.
Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system
Authors: Lin Xiang-Jie , Zhang Guang-Na , Wang Zhen , Han Qing-Dian , Leng Peng 
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different rates of straw returning on soil aggregate stability, phosphatase activities, and the available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) within different soil aggregate sizes. The experiment included five treatments: 1) no straw returning and no chemical fertilizer, 2) chemical fertilizer only (150 kg N ha-1, 75 kg P ha-1, and 75 kg K ha-1), 3) 20% straw returning with chemical fertilizer, 4) 60% straw returning with chemical fertilizer, and 5) 100% straw returning with chemical fertilizer. Soil samples were collected 3.5 years after the start of the experiment and separated into four aggregate sizes (&lt;0.25 mm, 0.25–1 mm, 1–2 mm, and 2–7 mm) using the dry sieving method. Soil acid phosphomonoesterase (AcP) and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (AlP); phosphodiesterase (PD); pyrophosphatase (PrA) activities; and soil NO3−−N, NH4+−N, and resin-P were determined within soil aggregates. The results showed that straw returning rates did not significantly impact soil aggregate distribution. However, straw returning increased soil AcP, AlP, and PD in &lt;2 mm aggregates, and high rates of straw returning led to high enzyme activities. Soil phosphatase activities were also higher in 1–2 mm aggregates. All straw returning and chemical fertilization treatments increased soil NO3−−N and resin-P concentrations but had much less effect on soil NH4+−N concentrations. Additionally, the study revealed that soil pH, the concentrations of NH4+−N, NO3−−N, resin-P, and CaCO3 significantly influenced soil phosphatase activities, but their impact varied across different sizes of aggregates.
Spatial-temporal variation and driving forces of the synergy of “pollution reduction, carbon reduction, green expansion and economic growth”: evidence from 243 cities in China
Authors: Hu Chiqun , Ma Xiaoyu , Yang Lan , Chang Xiaona , Li Qiangyi 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionPollution reduction, carbon reduction, green expansion and economic growth—the synergistic effects of the four—have become essential in maintaining urban ecological security and promoting a green and low-carbon transition. And it is inherently consistent with the globally accepted concept of sustainable development. MethodsBased on the evaluation index system and the coupling mechanism of the four, we adopt the entropy method and the coupling coordination model to measure the synergistic level of “pollution reduction, carbon reduction, green expansion and economic growth” in 243 cities above prefecture level in China from 2005 to 2020. Furthermore, the study examined the temporal and spatial evolution and regional differences by utilizing the center of gravity-standard deviation ellipse, Dagum Gini coefficient method, Kernel density estimation, and Markov chain. In addition, the spatial econometric model was used to analyze the driving factors affecting the synergistic development.ResultsThe results show that the overall synergistic level is rising, the spatial distribution characteristics of “high in the east and low in the west.” The standard deviation ellipse shows a “northeast–southwest” pattern, and the center of gravity moves in a “southeast–northwest–southwest” migration trend. Regional differences are mainly rooted in inter-regional differences. The intra-regional differences are East &gt; West &gt; Central, with the most prominent East–West inter-regional differences. Without considering the spatial factor, the synergistic level shows a steady increase and has continuity. Under the spatial condition, the synergistic level has a positive spatial correlation. However, the positive spatial correlation decreases significantly as the years go by. Also, the probability of “rank locking” of synergistic development has been reduced, and there is a leapfrog shift. In terms of driving factors, the innovation level, level of external openness, population size, and industrial structure positively drive synergistic development. While government intervention negatively affects synergistic development. DiscussionsBased on the above findings,policy recommendations are proposed to strengthen the top-level design and build a policy system, play the radiation linkage, apply precise policies according to local conditions, and optimize the industrial structure fully. Which is of great significance for improving the urban ecological resilience and helping to achieve the “double carbon” target.
Bioinformatic analysis reveals lysosome-related biomarkers and molecular subtypes in preeclampsia: novel insights into the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
Authors: Chen Yao , Liu Miao , Wang Yonghong 
Published: July 2023

Background: The process of lysosomal biogenesis and exocytosis in preeclamptic placentae plays a role in causing maternal endothelial dysfunction. However, the specific lysosome-associated markers relevant to preeclampsia (PE) are not well-defined. Our objective is to discover new biomarkers and molecular subtypes associated with lysosomes that could improve the diagnosis and treatment of PE.Methods: We obtained four microarray datasets related to PE from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The limma package was utilized to identify genes that were differentially expressed between individuals with the disease and healthy controls. The logistic regression analysis was used to identify core diagnostic biomarkers, which were subsequently validated by independent datasets and clinical samples. Additionally, a consensus clustering method was utilized to distinguish between different subtypes of PE. Following this, functional enrichment analysis, GSEA, GSVA, and immune cell infiltration were conducted to compare the two subtypes and identify any differences in their functional characteristics and immune cell composition.Results: We identified 16 PE-specific lysosome-related genes. Through regression analysis, two genes, GNPTG and CTSC, were identified and subsequently validated in the external validation cohort GSE60438 and through qRT-PCR experiment. A nomogram model for the diagnosis of PE was developed and evaluated using these two genes. The model had a remarkably high predictive power (AUC values of the training set, validation set, and clinical samples were 0.897, 0.788, and 0.979, respectively). Additionally, two different molecular subtypes (C1 and C2) were identified, and we found notable variations in the levels of immune cells present in the two subtypes.Conclusion: Our results not only offered a classification system but also identified novel diagnostic biomarkers for PE patients. Our findings offered an additional understanding of how to categorize PE patients and also highlighted potential avenues for creating treatments for individuals with PE.
Omadacycline in the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in patients with comorbidities: a post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 OPTIC trial
Authors: Rodriguez George D. , Warren Nathan , Yashayev Roman , Chitra Surya , Amodio-Groton Maria , Wright Kelly 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe 2019 American Thoracic Society/Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines recommend respiratory fluoroquinolones to treat community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) in adults with comorbidities. Fluoroquinolones are effective against both typical and atypical pathogens. However, fluoroquinolone treatment has a risk of adverse effects, and the Food and Drug Administration has issued black box safety warnings for their use. Inpatient use of fluoroquinolones has reduced as a result; however, most antibiotic courses are completed as outpatients and discharge prescriptions account for the majority of fluoroquinolone use. As such, a new treatment option is needed to replace fluoroquinolones. Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity and is available as a once-daily intravenous or bioequivalent oral formulation.MethodsThis study assessed the safety and clinical efficacy of omadacycline compared with moxifloxacin for the treatment of adult CABP patients with Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) risk class II/III and ≥1 comorbidity through a post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 OPTIC study (NCT02531438).ResultsIn total, 239 omadacycline- and 222 moxifloxacin-treated patients were assessed. The median age was similar between groups (omadacycline: 57 years; moxifloxacin: 58 years), with 26.0% and 26.6%, respectively, ≥65 years of age. Early clinical response was 91.6% for patients with ≥1 comorbidity treated with omadacycline and 91.4% for those treated with moxifloxacin. Post-treatment evaluation results for overall response were 89.1% in the omadacycline group and 87.4% in the moxifloxacin group.ConclusionSafety warnings have reduced inpatient use of fluoroquinolones; however, outpatient and discharge prescriptions account for the majority of fluoroquinolone use. Outpatients with comorbidities need an efficacious alternative to fluoroquinolones. Omadacycline maintains the similar efficacy and benefits of fluoroquinolones as a once-daily, monotherapy, bioequivalent oral option with potent in vitro activity against the most common CABP pathogens, including S. pneumoniae and atypical pathogens, but offers a materially different safety profile consistent with its tetracycline heritage. In conclusion, both omadacycline and moxifloxacin exhibited similar efficacy in patients with PSI risk class II/III and comorbidities. Omadacycline fulfills an unmet need as an oral monotherapy treatment option for adult patients with CABP, which will further reduce the use of fluoroquinolones.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02531438, identifer: NCT02531438; https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2013-004071-13, identifier: EudraCT #2013-004071-13.
The association between oral and gut microbiota in male patients with alcohol dependence
Authors: Hu Lingming , Ni Zhaojun , Zhao Kangqing , Li Xiangxue , Gao Xuejiao , Kang Yulin , Yu Zhoulong , Qin Ying , Zhao Jingwen , Peng Wenjuan , Lu Lin , Sun Hongqiang 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe relationship between oral and gut microbiota in alcohol dependence (AD) is not well understood, particularly the effects of oral microbiota on the intestinal microbiota. The current study aimed to explore the association between oral and gut microbiota in AD to clarify whether oral microbiota could ectopically colonize into the gut.Methods16S rRNA sequence libraries were used to compare oral and gut microbial profiles in persons with AD and healthy controls (HC). Source Tracker and NetShift were used to identify bacteria responsible for ectopic colonization and indicate the driver function of ectopic colonization bacteria.ResultsThe α-diversity of oral microbiota and intestinal microbiota was significantly decreased in persons with AD (all p &lt; 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis indicated greater similarity between oral and gut microbiota in persons with AD than that in HC, and oral-gut overlaps in microbiota were found for 9 genera in persons with AD relative to only 3 genera in HC. The contribution ratio of oral microbiota to intestinal microbiota composition in AD is 5.26% based on Source Tracker，and the AD with ectopic colonization showed the daily maximum standard drinks, red blood cell counts, hemoglobin content, and PACS scores decreasing (all p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionResults highlight the connection between oral-gut microbiota in AD and suggest novel potential mechanistic possibilities.
Calculated plasma volume status is associated with poor outcomes in acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular treatment
Authors: Zhang Dixia , Li Qiuru , Liu Jun , Ma Lijuan , Ye Jing , Hu Guifen , Li Guangzong 
Published: July 2023

Background and purposeThe impact of calculated plasma volume status (PVS) on the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular treatment (EVT) remains undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the association between PVS and 90 days functional outcomes after EVT.MethodsWe enrolled patients treated with EVT in the anterior circulation from a prospective registry. The endpoint was a modified Rankin scale score of ≥3 points at 90 days after EVT. We used multivariable logistic regression models to investigate the association between PVS and poor outcomes. We used the restricted cubic spline to present the linearity between PVS and poor outcomes.ResultsAmong the 187 enrolled patients (median age, 65 years; 35.8% women), a total of 81 patients (43.3%) experienced poor outcomes at 90 days. In multivariable analyses, PVS was associated with poor outcomes despite increasing confounding factors (odds ratio, 3.157; 95% confidence interval, 1.942–5.534; P &lt; 0.001). The restricted cubic spline revealed a positive correlation between PVS and the risk of poor outcomes after EVT (P for nonlinearity = 0.021).ConclusionOur study found that an elevated PVS value was associated with poor outcomes after EVT. Further prospective cohorts were warranted to evaluate the utility of PVS in AIS treated with EVT.