bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multigenerational physiological compensation and body size reduction dampen the effects of warming on copepods
Authors: de Juan Carlos , Griffell Kaiene , Calbet Albert , Saiz Enric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnder the current ocean warming scenario, multigenerational studies are essential to address possible adaptive changes in phenotypic traits of copepod populations. In this study, we exposed the calanoid copepod Paracartia grani, reared in the laboratory at 19°C, to warmer conditions (22°C and 25°C) to investigate the changes in key phenotypic traits in the 1st, 10th, and 11th generations. Development rates and adult body size were inversely related to temperature in all generations. We also found a decline in copepod egg size at higher temperatures. Temperature had positive effects on the ingestion and egg production rate of females in the first generation, but the thermal response of the copepods diminished significantly in the consecutive generations. The decrease in thermal effects on feeding and egg production rates after multigenerational exposure cannot be explained only by the shrinkage in body size at warmer temperatures, but also involves the action of physiological compensation. These adaptive processes did not appear to have a significant cost on other traits, such as egg hatching success, gross growth efficiency, and sex ratio. Our findings have implications for the prediction of ocean warming effects on copepod activity rates and highlight the importance of physiological adaptation processes after multigenerational exposure.
The influence of light on the availability of photoreactive and photostable iron(III)–ligand complexes to diatoms
Authors: Kong Liangliang , Li Meizhen , Price Neil M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUptake of iron (Fe) by eukaryotic phytoplankton is suggested to proceed by a reductive pathway in which Fe(III) bound to inorganic and organic ligands is reduced prior to Fe internalization. Photochemical reduction of the Fe–ligand complexes can increase Fe bioavailability, but the role of light in regulating physiological processes related to Fe acquisition is not well known. Here, we report how model Fe–ligand complexes differing in photolability affected growth, cellular Fe reduction, and Fe uptake rates of two marine diatoms as a function of irradiance. Growth rates of Thalassiosira oceanica and Phaeodactylum tricornutum in media amended with Fe complexed with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Fe‐EDTA) and desferrioxamine B (FeDFB) increased linearly with light between 50 and 400 μmol photons m−2 s−1 under Fe‐limiting conditions. Steady‐state Fe uptake rates (ρSS) were also light dependent, increasing proportionally with growth irradiance for both Fe–ligand complexes. Photolysis of the Fe‐EDTA complex could explain the increase in ρSS in Fe‐EDTA‐amended medium because it increased [Fe(III)’], but it could not account for the faster rate of Fe uptake from FeDFB at high light because FeDFB is photostable. Short‐term Fe uptake rates measured in the absence of photochemically mediated Fe(III) reduction showed that cells preconditioned to high growth irradiance took up Fe faster than cells grown at low light. Thus, growth at high light induced a physiological response that increased Fe uptake. High growth irradiance also increased the rate of cellular Fe(III)’ reduction in the dark, similar to its stimulatory effect on short‐term Fe uptake. These results identify a previously unrecognized Fe–light interaction that could be important in enhancing Fe availability to diatoms. We suggest that the light effect could be the result of a light‐dependent regulation of cellular Fe(III) reduction.
The abundance of the potential pathogen Staphylococcus hominis in the air microbiome in a dental clinic and its susceptibility to far‐UVC light
Authors: Aquino de Muro Marilena , Shuryak Igor , Uhlemann Anne‐Catrin , Tillman Alice , Seeram Dwayne , Zakaria Joseph , Welch David , Erde Steven M. , Brenner David J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe dental clinic air microbiome incorporates microbes from the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract (URT). This study aimed to establish a reliable methodology for air sampling in a dental clinic setting and quantify the abundance of culturable mesophilic aerobic bacteria present in these samples using regression modeling. Staphylococcus hominis, a potentially pathogenic bacterium typically found in the human oropharynx and URT, was consistently isolated. S. hominis was the most abundant species of aerobic bacteria (22%–24%) and comprised 60%–80% of all Staphylococcus spp. The study also assessed the susceptibility of S. hominis to 222 nm‐far‐UVC light in laboratory experiments, which showed an exponential surface inactivation constant of k = 0.475 cm2/mJ. This constant is a critical parameter for future on‐site use of far‐UVC light as a technique for reducing pathogenic bacterial load in dental clinics.
Physical activity levels of individuals with chronic musculoskeletal disorders: Their relationship with barriers and facilitators
Authors: Kalın Ayse Sevim , Aytur Yesim Kurtais 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with chronic musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) often avoid physical activity (PA) and exercise although these are the key factors in managing their condition and pain.ObjectivesTo determine the PA levels of individuals with chronic MSD and their relationship with barriers and facilitators.DesignThree hundred and five subjects with five MSD groups; fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, osteoarthritis, periarticular regional pain and degenerative spine problems were included in the study. The visual analogue scale was used to assess pain, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess emotional impact, and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) to assess quality of life. PA levels were categorised by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire‐Short Form. Perceived barriers and facilitators for PA/exercise were determined by questionnaire.Results66 (21.6%) were male, 239 (78.4%) were female. 196 (64.3%) of the subjects were physically inactive, 94 (31.1%) low‐active, and 15 (4.6%) sufficiently active. The most frequently reported barriers for PA/exercise were fatigue/feeling too tired (72.1%), pain (66.2%), and lack of motivation/willingness (54.4%). The most frequently reported facilitators were the desire to be in good health (72.8%), enjoying exercise (59.7%), and the desire to keep fit and lose weight (59%).ConclusionThe level of PA in individuals with MSD was quite low. Identifying the underlying causes of PA is important since PA/exercise is beneficial for musculoskeletal health. Yet, barriers and facilitators for PA were revealed for this study population. Identifying and understanding these barriers and facilitators would facilitate the individualised PA/exercise programs for both clinical practice and research.
The relationship of stress coping styles on substance use, depressive symptoms, and personality traits of nurses in higher education institution
Authors: Tokumitsu Keita , Sugawara Norio , Okayasu Hiroaki , Kawamata Yasushi , Shinozaki Masataka , Sato Yoshiteru , Sato Aoi , Uchibori Yumiko , Komatsu Tomie , Yasui‐Furukori Norio , Shimoda Kazutaka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThis study examined the collective characteristics of nurses and their stress coping style.MethodsWe conducted a cluster analysis of the stress coping strategies of 841 nurses belonging to Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, as measured by the Brief COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced). We also conducted multivariate analyses of each cluster's sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, depressive symptoms, work attitudes, sense of fairness, and turnover intention.ResultsThe results of cluster analysis using the standardized z scores of the Brief COPE demonstrated that the study participants were classified into three clusters. The “emotional‐response type” tended to favor the use of emotional support, venting, and self‐blame. The “reality‐escape type” tended to prefer alcohol and substance use, behavioral resignation, use of instrumental support, and lack of acceptance. The “problem‐solving type” tended to prefer planning, positive reframing, and acceptance and to dislike “alcohol and substance use” and behavioral disengagement. A multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to the problem‐solving type, the emotional‐response type had a lower job title, a higher “neuroticism” score on the TIPI‐J, and a higher K6 score. However, compared to the problem‐solving type, the reality‐escape type was younger, consumed more alcohol and substances, and had a higher K6 score.ConclusionsStress coping styles were found to be associated with substance use, depressive symptoms, and personality traits among nurses in higher education institutions. Thus, the results suggest that nurses who choose maladaptive stress coping styles require mental support and early identification of depressive symptoms and alcohol problems.
3D joint interpretation of potential field, geology, and well data to evaluate a salt dome in the Qarah‐Aghaje area, Zanjan, NW Iran
Authors: Ghari Hosseinali , Varfinezhad Ramin , Parnow Saeed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs geophysical parameters are not always functionally related, treating multiple geophysical data sets to have a realistic geological model is not straightforward. An effective strategy to derive a geological interpretation is a combination of several geophysical methods with geological and well observations, each with its advantages and limitations. Gravity and magnetic methods are encouraging tools to investigate salt domes due to enough density and susceptibility contrasts between salt minerals and the background sedimentary rocks. In this paper, the dome‐shaped salt unit in the Qarah‐Aghaje area in Zanjan, located in the northwestern part of Iran, is investigated through the integration of 3D inversion models obtained from gravity and magnetic data and geological and well information. The 3D inversion of both data sets is made using a weighted damped minimum length solution for which model weighting is constructed from multiplying depth weighting and compactness constraints. At first, a synthetic case with a high degree of similarity to the real case is considered to evaluate the efficiency of the adopted inverse algorithm. Then, the inversion algorithm is implemented on the collected gravity and magnetic methods, and interpretation is made utilizing 3D obtained inverse models and geologic and well data. The result shows a dome‐shaped potash‐bearing salt unit that starts from a depth of 12 m and continues to the depth of 200 m. The drilled well in the centre of the main source of the salt (Well 3) demonstrates a depth range of 11–115 m.
Longitudinal dietary trajectories from pregnancy to 3 years post delivery in women with obesity: relationships with adiposity
Authors: Dalrymple Kathryn V. , Vogel Christina , Flynn Angela C. , Seed Paul T. , Godfrey Keith M. , Poston Lucilla , Inskip Hazel M. , Crozier Sarah R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study aim was to examine the relationships between longitudinal dietary trajectories from early pregnancy to 3 years post delivery and adiposity measures in women with obesity.MethodsThe diets of 1208 women with obesity in the UPBEAT (UK Pregnancy Better Eating and Activity Trial) study were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 15+0 to 18+6 weeks’ gestation (baseline), 27+0 to 28+6 weeks’ gestation, and 34+0 to 36+0 weeks' gestation, as well as 6 months and 3 years post delivery. Using factor analysis of the baseline FFQ data, four dietary patterns were identified: fruit & vegetable, African/Caribbean, processed, and snacking. The baseline scoring system was applied to the FFQ data at the four subsequent time points. Group‐based trajectory modeling was used to extract longitudinal dietary pattern trajectories. Using adjusted regression, associations between dietary trajectories and log‐transformed/standardized adiposity measures (BMI and waist and mid‐upper arm circumferences) at 3 years post delivery were examined.ResultsTwo trajectories were found to best describe the data for the four individual dietary patterns; these were characterized as high and low adherence. A high adherence to the processed pattern was associated with a higher BMI (β = 0.38 [95% CI: 0.06–0.69]) and higher waist (β = 0.35 [0.03–0.67]) and mid‐upper arm circumferences (β = 0.36 [0.04–0.67]) at 3 years post delivery.ConclusionsIn women with obesity, a processed dietary pattern across pregnancy and 3 years post delivery is associated with higher adiposity.
Enhanced degradation of epidermal growth factor receptor by metformin
Authors: Yamagata Mayuka , Higashi Sen , Yaida Noboru , Ichihara Akane , Habu Manabu , Sasaguri Masaaki , Tominaga Kazuhiro , Takeuchi Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the most extensively studied molecular targets for newly developed antitumor drugs. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug for type 2 diabetes, is expected to exhibit antitumor activity. Recently, it was reported that EGFR expression in tumor tissues from patients with type 2 diabetes was reduced in patients taking metformin compared with that in patients not taking metformin. Therefore, we investigated the effect of metformin on the expression of EGFR at the cellular level.MethodsCell lines derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma were used to investigate the effect of metformin on the cell proliferation and cellular content of EGFR. Cell proliferation was assessed by direct cell counting and water‐soluble tetrazolium (WST)‐based colorimetric assay. Expression level of EGFR messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting, respectively.ResultsThe proliferation of all three cell lines used in this study (Ca9‐22, SAS, and HSC‐2) was suppressed by metformin. Metformin downregulated the cellular content of EGFR without affecting its mRNA expression. Ligand‐induced EGFR internalization was accelerated by metformin. Ligand‐induced EGFR degradation was inhibited by the lysosomal and proteasomal inhibitors bafilomycin A1 and MG132, respectively.ConclusionThese results suggest that metformin reduces EGFR by modifying the intracellular trafficking of the receptor, for example, promoting ligand‐induced internalization and degradation of EGFR, rather than suppressing the synthesis of the receptor. The effect of metformin on EGFR may affect therapeutic outcomes when metformin is combined with existing cancer treatments.
Accelerated approval drug labels often lack information for clinical decision‐making
Authors: Ballreich Jeromie , Socal Mariana , Bennett Charles L. , Xuan Andrew , Trujillo Antonio , Anderson Gerard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStudy objectiveWe evaluated US Food and Drug Administration labels for drugs approved under the accelerated approval pathway and whether these labels contained in sufficient information regarding their accelerated approval.DesignRetrospective, observational, cohort study.Data sourceLabel information for drugs with an accelerated approved indication were ascertained from two online platforms: Drugs@FDA and FDA Drug Label Repository.InterventionDrugs with indications receiving accelerated approval after January 1, 1992, but had not received full approval by December 31, 2020.MeasurementsOutcomes include whether the drug label indicated the use of the accelerated approval pathway, identified the specific surrogate marker(s) that supported it, or described the clinical outcomes being evaluated in post‐approval commitment trials.Results253 clinical indications corresponding to 146 drugs received accelerated approval. We identified a total of 110 accelerated approval indications across 62 drugs that had not received full approval by December 31, 2020. A total of 13% of labels for accelerated approved indications lacked sufficient information that approval was via the accelerated approval or based on surrogate outcome measures: 7% did not mention accelerated approval but described surrogate markers, 4% did not mention accelerated approval nor describe surrogate markers, and 2% mentioned accelerated approval but did not describe surrogate markers. No label described the clinical outcomes being evaluated in post‐approval commitment trials.ConclusionLabels for accelerated approved clinical indications that do not yet have full approval should be revised to include the information required in the FDA guidance to help guide clinical decision‐making.
A gas phase fractionation acquisition scheme integrating ion mobility for rapid diaPASEF library generation
Authors: Penny Jack , Arefian Mohammad , Schroeder Gunnar N. , Bengoechea José A. , Collins Ben C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractData independent acquisition (DIA/SWATH) MS is a primary strategy in quantitative proteomics. diaPASEF is a recent adaptation using trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) to improve selectivity/sensitivity. Complex DIA spectra are typically analyzed with reference to spectral libraries. The best‐established method for generating libraries uses offline fractionation to increase depth of coverage. More recently strategies for spectral library generation based on gas phase fractionation (GPF), where a representative sample is injected serially using narrow DIA windows that cover different mass ranges of the complete precursor space, have been introduced that performed comparably to deep offline fractionation‐based libraries. We investigated whether an analogous GPF‐based approach that accounts for the ion mobility (IM) dimension is useful for the analysis of diaPASEF data. We developed a rapid library generation approach using an IM‐GPF acquisition scheme in the m/z versus 1/K0 space requiring seven injections of a representative sample and compared this with libraries generated by direct deconvolution‐based analysis of diaPASEF data or by deep offline fractionation. We found that library generation by IM‐GPF outperformed direct library generation from diaPASEF and had performance approaching that of the deep library. This establishes the IM‐GPF scheme as a pragmatic approach to rapid library generation for analysis of diaPASEF data.
Facile Synthesis of (C6F5)2BBr and (C6F5)2BX(OEt2) (X=Cl, Br) using Hydrogen Halides and Piers’ Borane
Authors: Wong Anthony , Alcántara Gustavo , Avalos Matthew , Wu Guang , Ménard Gabriel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report the facile and efficient synthesis of common electrophilic haloboranes via a protonolysis reaction between Piers’ borane, HB(C6F5)2, and H−X (X=Cl, Br). This route benefits from fast reaction times, easy setup, and minimal workup to yield the analytically pure etherates, (C6F5)2BCl(OEt2) (1) and (C6F5)2BBr(OEt2) (2), as well as the ether‐free tri‐coordinate species, (C6F5)2BBr (3).
Praxisbeitrag: Kreative Feedbackmethoden zur Unterstützung von Prozessen und Veranstaltungen der Bürger:innen- und Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung
Authors: Wollmann Eva , Birkenhäger Jacob 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungVerfahren der Bürger- und Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung beziehen oftmals wissenschaftliches Wissen und konkrete Forschungserkenntnisse ein, sind im Rahmen der konkreten Fragestellung aber ergebnisoffen. Die Bürger:innen bzw. die beteiligten Akteur:innen (oftmals u. a. Wissenschaftler:innen) stehen im Mittelpunkt und definieren gemeinsam das Ergebnis, oder kommen je nach Verfahren auch zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen. Mit Blick auf die Ergebnisse ist für gute Verfahren der Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung das Erwartungsmanagement wichtig: Welche Form sollen die Ergebnisse haben und welchen inhaltlichen Spielraum haben die beteiligten Akteure? Für einen optimalen Austausch mit den Bürger:innen in der Wissenschaftskommunikation und in Beteiligungsverfahren braucht es daher eine kontiinuierliche Weiterentwicklung von Prozessen und Methoden innerhalb der Verfahren selbst. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Formen des Feedbacks und beleuchtet konkrete Feedbackmethoden anhand von Praxisbeispielen.
GMO analysis results from official food control laboratories in Germany from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Waiblinger Hans-Ulrich , Eichner Christine A. , Näumann Gabriele , Busch Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn Germany, genetically modified organisms (GMO) analysis of food samples collected within the official food control is performed by the laboratories of the Federal States. The present report shows GMO analysis results from food samples of the years 2017 to 2021, including contaminations by unauthorized GMO, as well as genetically modified (GM) plant events authorized in the European Union. In addition to previous publications, evaluation of the aggregated food samples analysed for GMO components is shown. During this timeframe, 1077 (7.1%) out of 15,145 samples contained genetic modification. In 43 samples, DNA sequences of unauthorized GM plants were found. Additionally, for food derived from soybean, evaluations according to different product categories and the agronomic production (conventional and organic farming) are shown. Whereas in products from organic farming and in conventional soybeans labelled “without genetic engineering” GM soybeans were detected in 6.1% and 8.9%, of all tested samples, respectively, nearly 30% of all conventional soy samples yielded positive results below 0.1%. However, only in 0.7% of the overall analysed 5424 soybean samples GMO percentages of more than 0.1% were obtained. Generally, authorized GM plants were only found at low contamination levels. The labelling threshold of 0.9% for GM ingredients was exceeded only in 0.2% (maize) and 0.1% (soybean) samples, respectively. For monitoring purposes and risk evaluation, the data collection shall be continued.
A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of the plant toxins hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine and their metabolites in cow’s milk and urine and application to farm milk samples from Germany
Authors: El-Khatib Ahmed H. , Lamp Julika , Weigel Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHypoglycin A (HGA) and its homologue methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPrG) are present in ackee and lychee as well as seeds, leaves, and seedlings of some maple (Acer) species. They are toxic to some animal species and humans. The determination of HGA, MCPrG, and their glycine and carnitine metabolites in blood and urine is a useful tool for screening for potential exposure to these toxins. In addition, HGA, MCPrG, and/or their metabolites have been detected in milk. In this work, simple and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) methods without derivatization were developed and validated for the quantification of HGA, MCPrG, and their metabolites in cow’s milk and urine. An extraction procedure from milk samples has been developed, whereas a dilute-and-shoot approach was implemented for urine samples. For quantification, the MS/MS analysis was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The methods were validated according to the European Union guidelines using blank raw milk and urine as matrices. The limit of quantification presented here for HGA in milk (1.12 µg/L) is noticeably lower than the lowest published limit of detection (9 µg/L). Acceptable values for recovery (89–106% and 85–104% in milk and urine, respectively) and precision (≤ 20%) were obtained for all the quality control levels. The stability of HGA and MCPrG in frozen milk over a period of 40 weeks has been demonstrated. The method was applied to 68 milk samples from 35 commercial dairy farms and showed the absence of any quantifiable amounts of HGA, MCPrG, and their metabolites.

Graphical Abstract