bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Contending for the Mastery with the Italians themselves » : l’opéra italien à Londres dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle comme territoire de diplomatie culturelle
Authors: Cervantes Xavier 
Published: December 2022

À une époque où l’opéra à l’italienne constituait la lingua franca musico-dramatique de l’Europe entière, l’Angleterre ne fit pas exception et succomba aux charmes de cette forme d’art total dès les premières années du XVIIIème siècle. La fonction de cette forme d’art dépassa largement celle de simple miroir de l'aristocratie et de son désir de prestige social, afin de revêtir des significations politiques, idéologiques et diplomatiques plus vastes, surtout lorsque l’équilibre des puissances européennes entrait en jeu. Ainsi, alors que l'Angleterre était en train de consolider son rôle éminent dans le club des grandes puissances européennes, l'opéra italien y était donc bien au cœur d'enjeux diplomatiques. L'opéra italien à Londres était ainsi considéré comme le signe tangible du rayonnement culturel auquel prétendait alors l'Angleterre ; la capitale britannique imitait les grandes métropoles culturelles européennes et affirmait son souci de rivaliser avec ces dernières.
Cytomorphological Analysis of Urinary Cells Among Active and Passive Cigarette Smokers in South-West, Nigeria
Authors: Ajileye Ayodeji Blessing , Akinbo Frederick Olusegun 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Cigarette smoke contains thousands of identified chemicals, among which sixty-nine (69) of these chemicals are known to be poisonous to humans and are capable of causing cancer in any part of the body. This study was conducted to evaluate the cytology of urinary cells among active and passive cigarette smokers in South-Western Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
Urine samples were collected from 250 active cigarette smokers and 200 passive cigarette smokers who live in South-Western, Nigeria. The urine specimen was collected from participants and processed using the standard technique for microscopic examination. Smears were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Papanicolaou stain.

Results:
The urinary smears of passive cigarette smokers revealed normal superficial squamous cells, transitional cells, cast, necrotic debris and mild inflammatory cells, while that of active cigarette smokers revealed high cellular turnover, protein casts, dysplastic epithelial cells and atypical urothelial cells with degenerative features.

Conclusion:
On the basis of this study, the cytomorphological analysis of urinary smears among active cigarette smokers revealed cytopathological features which connote the harmful effects of the chemical constituents present in cigarette smoke.
Efficacy Comparison of Magnesium Sulphate, Ketamine and Neostigmine Adjuvants to Bupivacaine 0.5% on Onset, Duration and Quality of Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Block Characteristics for Forearm Surgery
Authors: Nadimi-Bajandi Habib , Moshiri Esmail , Modir Hesameddin , Parsi-Khamene Mohsen 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
This study aimed to provide an evidence-based foundation for appraising the efficacy of magnesium sulphate, ketamine and neostigmine plus bupivacaine 0.5% on key supraclavicular block (SCB) characteristics made up of onset, duration and quality for forearm surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This double-blind trial enrolled ninety patients who were identified as having needed forearm surgery and been hospitalised in the Arak-based Valiasr Hospital, Iran, stratified participants into triad randomised groups receiving the aforementioned adjuvants. The basic requirements were met to incorporate the underneath groups' data to be recorded and analysed within SPSS release 20: (a) haemodynamic parameters (including mean arterial pressure/heart rate/oxygen saturation) documented at 5-min intervals until the end of surgery; (b) the onset and next to the duration of complete sensory and motor block, the time to administration of the patient's first post-operative analgesia and the overall dose of analgesic administered; (c) all block failures; (d) opioid consumption during post-operative 24 h and (e) pain score measured on a visual analogue scale throughout recovery time and scheduled post-operative times (2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h).

Results:
Notwithstanding the shorter onset of sensory and motor block manifested in the magnesium sulphate group and longer duration of motor block in those receiving neostigmine regimen (P < 0.001), the findings endorsed strong support for the potential efficacy of ketamine in affording the longer duration of sensory block, better clinically meaningful pain relief at all scheduled times and diminished opioid consumption during 24 h (all P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Bearing in mind the lack of complication needing to be thought of and the trial's clinical findings, which bespeak the shorter onset of the block (both sensory and motor) in the group receiving magnesium sulphate versus the longer duration of motor and sensory block in the neostigmine- and ketamine-treated groups, respectively, and diminished pain score and opioid consumption in the latter, all the adjuvants, thus, could be suggested to be contributed to achieving successful SCB in forearm fracture patients, depending on the patient's general condition and the anaesthesiologist's discretion.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Supraclavicular Block with Bupivacaine (0.5%) Combined with Dexmedetomidine, Granisetron and Magnesium Sulphate in Sensory and Motor Block and Haemodynamic Parameters of Patients in Upper-Extremity Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Modir Hesameddin , Mahmoodiyeh Behnam , Moradi Amir Hossein , Mohseni Fatemeh , Almasi-Hashiani Amir 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Peripheral nerve block leads to effective pain control. Peripheral nerve blocks are used both in general anaesthesia and as regional anaesthesia alone. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of the supraclavicular block with bupivacaine (0.5%) in combination with dexmedetomidine, granisetron and magnesium sulphate in upper-limb orthopaedic surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This double-blind clinical trial was carried out on 105 patients who were candidates for upper-limb orthopaedic surgery in Valiasr Hospital in Arak. The patients were divided into three equal groups (dexmedetomidine, granisetron and magnesium sulphate) using the block method for randomisation. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation every 5 min until the end of the surgery, onset and duration of sensory and motor block, mean opioid consumption in 24 h and post-operative pain during recovery and 2 h after surgery at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h were recorded. Data were analysed by SPSS.22 software.

Results:
The lowest heart rate at all times and the lowest blood pressure from 40 min to the end of surgery were observed in the dexmedetomidine group (P < 0.05). The time to the onset of sensory block and the time to the onset of motor block were shorter in the magnesium sulphate and dexmedetomidine groups, respectively. Moreover, the duration of the sensory and motor block was longer in the dexmedetomidine group (P = 0.0001). In addition, pain and amount of opioid consumption were lower in the dexmedetomidine group (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Magnesium sulphate caused earlier onset of sensory block, while dexmedetomidine increased the duration of sensory and motor block. In the dexmedetomidine group, haemodynamic changes were made in the form of a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, which, of course, did not require special treatment. As such, magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant is recommended to be used in cases where there is a requirement for the rapid onset of sensory block. Meanwhile, dexmedetomidine should be used as an adjuvant for the rapid onset of motor block and increase of the duration of sensory and motor block when taking into account the patients' physical conditions and the anaesthesiologist's discretion.
Histopathological Spectrum of Myxoid Soft-Tissue Neoplasms in a Tertiary Care Center with a Special Focus on Vascular Patterns
Authors: Chandrashekhar Thotadamane Nagaraja , Bargunam Priyadharshini , Boya Kusumanjali 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Myxoid soft-tissue tumors are a diverse group of tumors which have similar histomorphology but have varied genetic sequence and clinical outcome, hence differentiating and diagnosing them is a challenge for any pathologist. This study describes the various histomorphological spectrum and vascular pattern of various myxoid soft-tissue tumors.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective and prospective observational study of myxoid soft-tissue tumors over a period of 13 years. A total of 224 cases with myxoid morphology were included and were examined morphologically with a special focus on the vascular pattern. SPSS v 24 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The predominant lesions were benign in 164 (73.21%) cases, followed by malignant lesions in 43 (19.19%) cases and intermediate lesions 17 (7.58%) cases. Both benign and malignant lesions showed a male preponderance and were seen to arise predominantly from the extremities. The most common benign myxoid lesions in this study were of neural origin with myxoid neurofibroma constituting 65 (29. 01%) cases, followed by schwannoma 38 (16.9%) cases. Myxoid dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans was the most common intermediate lesion. Tumors with adipocytic differentiation were the predominant lesions among the malignant group, i.e myxoid liposarcoma seen in 17 (7.5%) cases.

Conclusions:
Vascular pattern in the myxoid lesions are subtle yet crucial in arriving at a histo-morphological diagnosis. Further studies correlating the vascular pattern with the genetic profile of these tumours can help arriving at a histo-morphological diagnosis of myxoid lesions.
Histomorphological Analysis of Nephrectomy Specimens
Authors: Soumya B. M. , Devi Rajkumari Jayshree , Kulkarni Sriharsha , Kulkarni Vardendra G 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
For a range of kidney abnormalities, including both neoplastic and nonneoplastic disorders, nephrectomy is a popular surgical treatment. We conducted this study to examine the range of lesions found in the nephrectomy specimens obtained and to ascertain the distribution of these lesions by age and sex.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted in the department of pathology, from 2017 to 2022. All nephrectomy specimens received during 5 years were included.

Results:
The spectrum of renal lesions observed in the study included both neoplastic (43.75%) and nonneoplastic (56.25%) conditions. Nineteen patients were males (59.37%) and 13 were females (40.62%) (M: F = 1.4:1). The most common entity in the nonneoplastic category was chronic pyelonephritis (n = 9, 28.12%). In our study, we documented two unusual cases of renal replacement lipomatosis (RRL), a type of pseudotumor related to nonfunctioning kidneys. Fourteen patients underwent nephrectomy for neoplastic conditions such as Wilm's tumor and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Conclusion:
Nephrectomy for the nonneoplastic condition was performed more frequently in our series. Histopathological evaluation of nonneoplastic nephrectomy specimens must be thoroughly considered, particularly in unusual circumstances such as RRL, where a preoperative erroneous initial impression of a malignant lesion such as angiomyolipoma or liposarcoma is possible.
Primary fallopian tube endometroid carcinoma: A rare case report
Authors: Vats Barkha , Yadav Reena , Parihar Meena , Jaiswal Nishtha , Chatterjee Priti , Osama Md Ali 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is an extremely rare tumor accounting for only 0.14–1.8% of genital tract cancers. A 47-year-old female presented with post-menopausal bleeding and heaviness in the lower abdomen. Imaging revealed the right adnexal mass, suggestive of neoplastic origin. She was prepared for surgery. Per-operatively, there was a solid irregular mass, firm to hard in consistency, around 8 × 5 cm involving the whole of the right fallopian tube, and the right ovary appeared normal. Histopathological examination of the specimen showed endometroid adenocarcinoma of the right fallopian tube. Endometroid carcinoma is important to recognize because it carries the best prognosis of all the fallopian tube cancers. The patient underwent surgery, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, and was doing well in follow-up.
Clinico-Aetiological Profile of Children with Fever and Rash with Special Reference to Dengue
Authors: Thakur Srishty , Patil Rajesh , Choubey Bharati , Shrivastava Jyotsana 
Published: December 2022

Aim:
Fever with rash is a common presentation in paediatric patients with a variety of differential diagnosis ranging from minor to life-threatening illnesses. Establishing an early diagnosis particularly of dengue infection, especially in a resource-limited setting is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinico-aetiological profile of children admitted with fever and rash and to find out different clinical and laboratory parameters for diagnosing dengue infection using screening tests.

Methods:
It is an observational cross-sectional study. All consecutive patients admitted to tertiary care centre during the study period (n = 120) between age group 1 month and 12 years were evaluated with detailed history and clinical examination and relevant investigations. For screening dengue infection, various clinical and laboratory parameters were used to find the best combination comprising the desired sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPV) and likelihood ratio.

Results:
The most commonly affected age group was below 5 years. Among 120 patients, 64% had a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis out of which 45% patients were of viral aetiology, 10% patients had bacterial aetiology and 9% had non-infectious aetiology. Among viral infections, 18 patients were diagnosed as dengue immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay positive. Headache (100%), was the most common symptom followed by diarrhoea (83.3%), vomiting (83.3%) and altered sensorium (72.2%) in dengue-positive patients. All dengue patients had thrombocytopenia, 88.9% had leucopenia and liver function tests deranged in 77.8% of patients. The highest sensitivity and specificity values were found in the combination of fever, maculopapular rash, headache, absence of cough and thrombocytopenia (55.6% and 94.12%, respectively), followed by fever, maculopapular rash, headache, no cough, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia (with 50% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Both combinations also showed the highest values for positive and NPVs, positive likelihood ratio and maximum area under the curve using a receiver operating characteristic.

Conclusion:
Establishing the diagnosis of fever with rash in children can be challenging. A combination of parameters such as fever, maculopapular rash, headache, absence of cough, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia can be used as a screening tool for early diagnosis of dengue infection in a resource-limited setting.
Correlation of arterial PaCO2 to end tidal CO2 in children undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery: An observational study
Authors: Jain S. , Kumar L. , Babu S.C. , Sadhoo A. , Ravindran G.C. , Rajan S. 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims:
The reliability of end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) as a measure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in pediatric laparoscopy is unclear. We evaluated the correlation of arterial to end tidal P(a-ET) CO2 during pediatric laparoscopy at two hours of pneumoperitoneum as the primary objective. We also compared P(a-ET) CO2 and alveolar to arterial oxygen gradient P(A-a) O2 and haemodynamics at fixed time points during surgery.

Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 children undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Arterial blood gases were drawn at T0, baseline, T10: ten minutes, T1h: 1 hour, T2h: 2 hours of pnuemoperitoneum and T 10d: 10 mins after deflation. The P(a-ET) CO2, P(A-a) O2, were measured from the blood gas and ETCO2 and FiO2 values on the monitor. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the Wilcoxon rank test and Chi square test were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
At T2h moderate correlation of P(a-ET) CO2 (r = 0.605, P = 0.001) with 40% children documenting accurate P(a-ET) CO2, -1 to +1 mm Hg was seen. Moderate correlation was also seen at T0, T10, T 10d but poor correlation at T 1h. The P(A-a) O2 increased progressively with surgery and did not correlate with P(a-ET) CO2. Heart rate was stable, but systolic blood pressures at T 10 and diastolic at T10, T 1h, T 2h were higher than baseline.

Conclusion:
Moderate correlation was seen between PaCO2 and ETCO2 at 2 h of pnuemoperitoneum and at T0, T 10, and T 10d. P(A-a) O2 increased with surgery but did not correlate with P(a-ET) CO2.
Impact of long duration wearing of N95 masks on cardiorespiratory system and subjective sensations of health-care workers during COVID-19 era
Authors: Singla Monika , Soni Ravinder Kumar , Chhina Rajoo Singh , Chhabra Shiba Takkar , Wander Gurpreet Singh 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims:
N95 mask being an essential element of personal protective equipment to be worn by health-care workers (HCWs) may lead to adverse effects and physiological stress as HCWs have to wear it for prolonged hours. Therefore, we planned to conduct a study in our intensive care unit staff to look for the effects of N95 masks on their health as well as to plan recommendations to ease them.

Material and Methods:
We conducted this study on our intensive care unit nursing staff and HCWs. We noted their oxygen saturation and heart rate at baseline as well as after 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 6 h of duty along with their subjective sensations. Institutional ethical clearance for the same was taken. Collected data were entered in MS Excel database and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Fisher’s Z test was applied for comparing proportion and analysis of variance for comparing two means.

Results:
One hundred and nine HCWs participated in this, out of which 93 (85.3%) were females and 16 (14.7%) were males. Eighty-four (77.1%) participants were below 40 years. Twenty-three participants (21.1%) were overweight and 37 (33.9%) were obese. There was no significant drop in saturation and rise in heart rate during these hours.

Conclusions:
On comparing subjective sensations of HCWs, our study found that feeling of uneasiness was found more in less than 40 years age group as compared to more than 40 years. N95 masks were found to have no impact on cardiovascular system and do not lead to hypoxia while working routinely even for prolonged hours.
Anatomical relationship between the internal jugular vein and the vertebral artery: An observational study in pre-school children using ultrasound imaging
Authors: Ganesh Anand , Paarel Joseph P. , Punnen Geethu E. , Siddarth Ragul , Prakash Kunder S. , Sahajanandan Raj 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims:
Central venous cannulation is performed in children requiring vasopressor use, long-term antibiotics, chemotherapy or parenteral nutrition. The internal jugular vein is the preferred site for cannulation. Though, there are several studies describing the relation of the common carotid artery (CCA) and internal jugular vein (IJV) in the neck, there is a paucity of data regarding the anatomical relationship between the vertebral artery (VA) and the IJV. This study aims to describe the anatomical relationship between the IJV and the VA using ultrasound imaging in pre-school children in India.

Material and Methods:
Prospective observational cross-sectional study of 67 randomly selected children (age <5 years) who underwent an ultrasound examination of the right side of the neck, in a position mimicking central venous cannulation, to identify the relationship between the IJV and VA. The skin to the vertebral artery depth (D), width of the VA (W), distance between the IJV and the VA (DIV) was measured. Based on these, children were classified into high risk, moderate risk and low risk category for VA puncture.

Results:
Of the 67 children, 15 (22.4%) patients belonged to the high-risk group, 25 (37.3%) belonged to the moderate-risk group and 27 (40.23%) belonged to the low-risk group.

Conclusion:
In addition to localizing the carotid artery, pre-procedural scanning or real-time ultrasound examination to establish the anatomical relation of the IJV to the VA is imperative to alert the clinician of the possible risk of VA puncture.
Change in the mandibular cortical morphology at pre- and postdental implant operations using artificial intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis for panoramic radiography
Authors: Ogawa Ruri , Ogura Ichiro 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Recently, an automated diagnostic software called PanoSCOPE was developed.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was any change in the mandibular cortical morphology at pre- and postdental implant operations using a computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system for panoramic radiography.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty patients were examined by panoramic radiography for pre- and postdental implant operations on the same date. The mandibular cortical index (MCI) and degree of deformation were analyzed using PanoSCOPE. The MCI classifications of all patients were evaluated with kappa coefficients between pre- and postdental implant operations. The degree of deformation of pre- and postdental implant operations was performed by the Pearson's rank correlation test. P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
MCI of predental implant operation was Class 1: 10 cases, Class 2: nine cases, and Class 3: one case. MCI of postdental implant operation was Class 1: eight cases, Class 2: nine cases, and Class 3: three cases. The kappa coefficients between pre- and postdental implant operations were 0.746 (P < 0.001). We plotted degree of deformation of postdental implant operation (X) against degree of deformation of predental implant operation (Y) and observed a significant correlation (Y = 0.660 + 10.867 (n = 20, R
2 = 0.650, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
This study showed that there was no significant change in the mandibular cortical morphology at pre- and postdental implant operations using the CAD system and indicated that the CAD system can be useful for the quantitative evaluation of MCI of patients with dental implant operation.