bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Business and Human Rights in a Changing World Order: Beyond the Ethics of Disembedded Liberalism
Authors: Karp David Jason 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe UN Guiding Principles (UNGPs) and their concept of human rights due diligence (HRDD) cannot succeed in their current form, because they reify neoliberalism’s public/private divide. This article establishes this argument across historical, theoretical, and normative dimensions, and charts a new way forward. The UNGPs’ separation of the ‘state duty to protect’ from the ‘corporate responsibility to respect’ reflects a contestable conception of companies as private actors: free to act/transact in any way that is not harmful. This is a problem because harm is often invisible, even when taking an active due-diligence approach. To resolve this, HRDD practices must also be based on the positive value of equality. However, businesses are more than mere agents; they also coordinate production and enable social connections. These structural features reveal a ‘missing fourth pillar’ of the UNGPs: a collective political responsibility to challenge and change our current world order.
An unusual outbreak of dermatitis due to rodent mite infestation in an acute-care hospital
Authors: Alsoubani Majd S. , Varela-Stokes Andrea S. , Andujar Vazquez Gabriela M. , Huang Shirley Y. , Heger Nicholas E. , Doron Shira I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report an outbreak of dermatitis associated with Ornithonysus bacoti and Liponyssoides sanguineus infestation in an acute ambulatory care setting. Healthcare workers developed dermatitis prior to the identification of the outbreak. A collaborative team effort resulted in complete eradication.
Effect of green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) supplementation on faecal microbiota, body composition and iron status markers in overweight and obese postmenopausal women: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Abshirini Maryam , Coad Jane , Wolber Frances M. , von Hurst Pamela , Miller Matthew R. , Tian Hong Sabrina , Kruger Marlena C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of whole meat GSM powder on gut microbiota abundance, body composition and iron status markers in healthy overweight or obese postmenopausal women. This was a 3-months trial involving forty-nine healthy postmenopausal women with body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m2 who were randomly assigned to receive 3 g/d of either GSM powder (n 25) or placebo (n 24). The gut microbe abundance, serum iron status markers and body composition were measured at the baseline and the end of the study. The between-group comparison at the baseline showed a lower abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium XIVa in the GSM group compared with the placebo (P = 0⋅04). At the baseline, the body fat (BF)% and gynoid fat% were higher in the GSM group compared with the placebo (P < 0⋅05). No significant changes were found in any of the outcome measures, except for ferritin levels that showed a significant reduction over time (time effect P = 0⋅01). Some trend was observed in bacteria including Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium which tended to increase in the GSM group while their abundance decreased or remained at their baseline level in the control group. Supplementation with GSM powder did not result in any significant changes in gut microbe abundance, body composition and iron markers compared with placebo. However, some commensal bacteria such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria tended to increase following supplementation with GSM powder. Overall, these findings can expand the knowledge surrounding the effects of whole GSM powder on these outcome measures in healthy postmenopausal women.
The comparative meaning of political space: a comprehensive modeling approach
Authors: Binding Garret , Koedam Jelle , Steenbergen Marco R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn latent scaling applications, such as the positioning of political parties, differential item functioning (DIF) may occur because of measurement issues or because of substantive differences in the association between latent and manifest variables. While the first source of DIF has received considerable attention, the second has not, although it is of potential interest to comparative scholars. In this research note, we introduce a novel hierarchical Bayesian item response model that allows us to disentangle different sources of DIF. Drawing on the 2019 Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES), we highlight how the same issues are unequally politicized across Western Europe, and how some issues are less ideologically determined than others. Our model can be adapted to alternate settings, allowing researchers to shine a light on variation in, e.g., ideology, issue politicization, or party competition.
Representing noise: stacked plots and the contrasting diplomatic ambitions of radio astronomy and post-punk
Authors: Turchetti Simone 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSketched in 1979 by graphic designer Peter Saville, the record sleeve of Joy Division's Unknown Pleasures seemingly popularized one of the most celebrated radio-astronomical images: the ‘stacked plot’ of radio signals from a pulsar. However, the sleeve's designer did not have this promotion in mind. Instead, he deliberately muddled the message it originally conveyed in a typical post-punk act of artistic sabotage. In reconstructing the historical events associated with this subversive effort, this essay explores how, after its adoption as an imaging device utilized in radio astronomy, the stacked plot gave representation to the diplomacy agendas of two distinct groups. The post-punk reworking of the stacked plot exemplified the ambition of this artistic movement to attack the images associated with social conventions and norms by amplifying their ‘semantic noise’, and, in so doing, seeking to negotiate a social space for those sharing these subversive goals. Conversely, radio astronomers used the stacked plot to display the presence of interfering radio transmitters in the frequencies exclusively allocated to astronomical research, thus advocating the removal of this electronic noise in the context of international telecommunication negotiations. The article thus shows how the representation of different types of noise through similar images shaped contrasting ambitions in the separate domains of science diplomacy and everyday diplomacy.
Single-molecule FRET for virology: 20 years of insight into protein structure and dynamics
Authors: Groves Danielle , Hepp Christof , Kapanidis Achillefs N. , Robb Nicole C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although viral protein structure and replication mechanisms have been explored extensively with X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and population imaging studies, these methods are often not able to distinguish dynamic conformational changes in real time. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) offers unique insights into interactions and states that may be missed in ensemble studies, such as nucleic acid or protein structure, and conformational transitions during folding, receptor–ligand interactions, and fusion. We discuss the application of smFRET to the study of viral protein conformational dynamics, with a particular focus on viral glycoprotein dynamics, viral helicases, proteins involved in HIV reverse transcription, and the influenza RNA polymerase. smFRET experiments have played a crucial role in deciphering conformational changes in these processes, emphasising the importance of smFRET as a tool to help elucidate the life cycle of viral pathogens and identify key anti-viral targets.
Emergency Medicine Association of Turkey Disaster Committee Summary of Field Observations of February 6th Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes
Authors: Yılmaz Sarper , Karakayali Onur , Yilmaz Serkan , Çetin Murat , Eroglu Serkan Emre , Dikme Ozgur , Özhasenekler Ayhan , Orak Murat , Yavaşi Özcan , Karbek Akarca Funda , Günalp Eneyli Müge , Erbil Bülent , Akoğlu Haldun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn earthquake measuring 7.7 magnitude on the Richter scale occurred at 04:17am on February 6, 2023 in the Pazarcık district of Kahramanmaraş province Turkey. In the hours following the 7.7 magnitude event in Kahramanmaraş, a second 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck the region and a third 6.4 magnitude earthquake struck Gaziantep, causing extensive damage and death. A total of ten provinces directly experienced the earthquake, including Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Gaziantep, Osmaniye, Malatya, Adana, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Adıyaman, and Kilis. The official figures indicate 31,643 people were killed, 80,278 were injured, and 6,444 buildings were destroyed within seven days of the earthquakes (as of 12:00pm/noon on Monday, February 13th). The area affected by the earthquake has been officially declared to be 500km in diameter. This report primarily relies on observations made by pioneer Emergency Physicians (EPs) who went to the disaster areas shortly after the first earthquake (in the early stages of the disaster). According to their observations: (1) Due to winter conditions, there were transportation problems and a shortage of personnel reaching disaster areas on the first day after the disaster; (2) On the second day of the disaster, health equipment was in short supply; (3) As of the third day, health workers were unprepared in terms of knowledge and experience for the disaster; and (4) The subsequent deployment of health personnel to the disaster area was uncoordinated and unplanned on the following days, which resulted in the health personnel working there not being able to meet even their basic needs (such as food, heating, and shelter). During the first week, coordination was most frequently reported as the most significant problem.
‘Zoetology’: A New Name for an Old Way of Thinking
Authors: Ames Roger T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe classical Greeks give us a substance ontology grounded in ‘being qua being’ or ‘being per se’ (to on he on) that guarantees a permanent and unchanging subject as the substratum for the human experience. With the combination of eidos and telos as the formal and final cause of independent things such as persons, this ‘substance’ necessarily persists through change. This substratum or essence includes its purpose for being, and is defining of the ‘what-it-means-to-be-a-thing-of-this-kind’ of any particular thing in setting a closed, exclusive boundary and the strict identity necessary for it to be this, and not that.In the Yijing 易經 or Book of Changes we find a vocabulary that makes explicit cosmological assumptions that are a stark alternative to this substance ontology, and provides the interpretive context for the Confucian canons by locating them within a holistic, organic, and ecological worldview. To provide a meaningful contrast with this fundamental assumption of on or ‘being’ we might borrow the Greek notion of zoe or ‘life’ and create the neologism ‘zoe-tology’ as ‘the art of living’. This cosmology begins from ‘living’ (sheng 生) itself as the motive force behind change, and gives us a world of boundless ‘becomings’: not ‘things’ that are, but ‘events’ that are happening, a contrast between an ontological conception of the human ‘being’ and a process conception of what I will call human ‘becomings’.
Can Aesthetics Be Global?
Authors: John Eileen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhilosophical aesthetics is to some extent beholden to what I will call personal aesthetics. By personal aesthetics, I mean the phenomena of individual aesthetic sensitivity: how each of us discerns and responds to elements of experience. I take that sensitivity to be finely woven into feeling to some degree at home in the world. There is something extremely local, and in a certain sense unreflective, about personal aesthetics – it is hard to notice one's own, historically specific aesthetic formation. Philosophical aesthetics, meanwhile, aspires to understand aesthetic life in a more reflective and general way. Aesthetic theories in the Western tradition, like most philosophical theories, try to articulate universally relevant and illuminating theoretical concepts and values. But can a theory of this kind acknowledge what is important at the level of personal aesthetics? Can aesthetic theories find fruitful application while also respecting the locality and variability of aesthetic sensitivity? What kinds of theoretical ambition and humility are called for in philosophical aesthetics?
What Counts as a Collective Gift? Culture and Value in Du Bois’ The Gift of Black Folk
Authors: Jeffers Chike 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn The Conservation of Races, Du Bois advocates that African Americans hold on to their distinctiveness as members of the black race because this enables them to participate in a cosmopolitan process of cultural exchange in which different races collectively advance human civilization by means of different contributions. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Tommie Shelby have criticized the position that Du Bois expresses in that essay as a problematic form of racial essentialism. This article investigates how Du Bois’ 1924 book The Gift of Black Folk escapes or fails to escape that criticism. It is easy to worry that the diversity of what Du Bois in this book is willing to treat as a black contribution to the development of America pushes us from the problem of essentialism to the other extreme: a lack of any conceptual constraints whatsoever on what can count as a black gift. I will argue that recognizing the cultivation of historical memory as a form of cultural activity is key to understanding the concept's unity.
High‐Velocity Slip and Thermal Decomposition of Carbonates: Example From the Heart Mountain Slide Ultracataclasites, Wyoming
Authors: Zamani Nina , Heij Gerhard W. , Ferré Eric C. , Murphy Michael A. , Bagley Brian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Heart Mountain Slide in Wyoming is one of the largest known terrestrial gravity slides (3,500 km2) formed ∼49 Ma ago by the nearly horizontal detachment of Paleozoic‐Eocene cover sliding on top of autochthonous formations. At the White Mountain locality, exposures offer an exceptional opportunity to investigate high strain rate/high velocity processes in carbonates. Here we use the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of 274 samples to shed light on ultracataclastic deformation along this detachment. Contrary to predictions, the carbonate ultracataclasite displays a consistent AMS fabric, particularly in the upper ultracataclasite. The AMS in this unit is controlled primarily by magnetite formed through the breakdown of iron sulfides caused by frictional heating. Additional thermomagnetic experiments reveal that the new magnetic fabric began forming ∼250ºC and continued up to ∼400ºC when calcination of carbonate minerals caused a major drop in friction. The main cataclastic slip direction inferred from AMS is ∼N033°, at odds with the previously accepted NNW‐SSE direction. We validate these AMS fabrics through 3D shape preferred orientation analysis and micro X‐ray scanning of the same specimens. These results, however, may only represent cataclastic flow directions at the local scale as a result of synkinematic rotation of the White Mountain block. Alternatively, these results may call for a re‐evaluation of the large scale movement of the slide. Finally, this study demonstrates the usefulness of a magnetic approach in deciphering deformation processes in carbonates, particularly in high strain rate cases such as seismic faults.
Confronting the Convective Gray Zone in the Global Configuration of the Met Office Unified Model
Authors: Tomassini Lorenzo , Willett Martin , Sellar Alistair , Lock Adrian , Walters David , Whitall Michael , Sanchez Claudio , Heming Julian , Earnshaw Paul , Rodriguez José M. , Ackerley Duncan , Xavier Prince , Franklin Charmaine , Senior Catherine A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn atmospheric models with kilometer‐scale grids the resolution approaches the scale of convection. As a consequence the most energetic eddies in the atmosphere are partially resolved and partially unresolved. The modeling challenge to represent convection partially explicitly and partially as a subgrid process is called the convective gray zone problem. The gray zone issue has previously been discussed in the context of regional models, but the evolution in regional models is constrained by the lateral boundary conditions. Here we explore the convective gray zone starting from a defined global configuration of the Met Office Unified Model using initialized forecasts and comparing different model formulations to observations. The focus is on convection and turbulence, but some aspects of the model dynamics are also considered. The global model is run at nominal 5 km resolution and thus contributions from both resolved and subgrid turbulent and convective fluxes are non‐negligible. The main conclusion is that in the present assessment, the configurations which include scale‐aware turbulence and a carefully reduced and simplified mass‐flux convection scheme outperform both the configuration with fully parameterized convection as well as a configuration in which the subgrid convection parameterization is switched off completely. The results are more conclusive with regard to convective organization and tropical variability than extratropical predictability. The present study thus endorses the strategy to further develop scale‐aware physics schemes and to pursue an operational implementation of the global 5 km‐resolution model to be used alongside other ensemble forecasts to allow researchers and forecasters to further assess these simulations.
Tonian Carbonates Record Phosphate‐Rich Shallow Seas
Authors: Roest‐Ellis Sascha , Richardson Jocelyn A. , Phillips Brian L. , Mehra Akshay , Webb Samuel M. , Cohen Phoebe A. , Strauss Justin V. , Tosca Nicholas J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe early‐middle Neoproterozoic is thought to have witnessed significant perturbations to marine P cycling, in turn facilitating the rise of eukaryote‐dominated primary production. However, with few robust constraints on aqueous P concentrations, current understanding of Neoproterozoic P cycling is generally model‐dependent. To provide new geochemical constraints, we combined microanalytical data sets with solid‐state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, synchrotron‐based X‐ray Absorption Near Edge Structure spectroscopy, and micro‐X‐ray Fluorescence imaging to characterize the speciation and distribution of P in Tonian shallow‐water carbonate rocks. These data reflect shallow water phosphate concentrations 10–100× higher than modern systems, supporting the hypothesis that tectonically‐driven influxes in P periodically initiated kinetically‐controlled CaCO3 deposition, in turn destabilizing marine carbonate chemistry, climate, and nutrient inventories. Alongside these observations, a new compilation and statistical analysis of mudstone geochemistry data indicates that, in parallel, Corg and P burial increased across later Tonian continental margins until becoming decoupled at the close of the Tonian, implicating widespread N‐limitation triggered by increasing atmospheric O2.
Transparent neural interfaces: challenges and solutions of microengineered multimodal implants designed to measure intact neuronal populations using high-resolution electrophysiology and microscopy simultaneously
Authors: Fekete Z. , Zátonyi A. , Kaszás A. , Madarász M. , Slézia A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the feasibility of using transparent neural interfaces in multimodal in vivo experiments on the central nervous system. Multimodal electrophysiological and neuroimaging approaches hold great potential for revealing the anatomical and functional connectivity of neuronal ensembles in the intact brain. Multimodal approaches are less time-consuming and require fewer experimental animals as researchers obtain denser, complex data during the combined experiments. Creating devices that provide high-resolution, artifact-free neural recordings while facilitating the interrogation or stimulation of underlying anatomical features is currently one of the greatest challenges in the field of neuroengineering. There are numerous articles highlighting the trade-offs between the design and development of transparent neural interfaces; however, a comprehensive overview of the efforts in material science and technology has not been reported. Our present work fills this gap in knowledge by introducing the latest micro- and nanoengineered solutions for fabricating substrate and conductive components. Here, the limitations and improvements in electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, the stability and longevity of the integrated features, and biocompatibility during in vivo use are discussed.
The cancer-testis lncRNA LINC01977 promotes HCC progression by interacting with RBM39 to prevent Notch2 ubiquitination
Authors: Xia Anliang , Yue Qi , Zhu Mingming , Xu Jianbo , Liu Siyuan , Wu Yue , Wang Zhangding , Xu Zhu , An Hongda , Wang Qiang , Wang Shouyu , Sun Beicheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCancer-testis genes are involved in the occurrence and development of cancer, but the role of cancer-testis-associated lncRNAs (CT-lncRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be explored. Here, we discovered a novel CT-lncRNA, LINC01977, based on the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. LINC01977 was exclusively expressed in testes and highly expressed in HCC. High LINC01977 levels correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) in individuals with HCC. Functional assays showed that LINC01977 promoted HCC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC01977 directly bound to RBM39 to promote the further entry of Notch2 into the nucleus, thereby preventing the ubiquitination and degradation of Notch2. Furthermore, the RNA binding protein IGF2BP2, one of the m6A modification readers, enhanced the stability of LINC01977, resulting in its high level in HCC. Therefore, the data suggest that LINC01977 interacts with RBM39 and promotes the progression of HCC by inhibiting Notch2 ubiquitination and degradation, indicating that LINC01977 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC patients.
Antibiotic treatment can exacerbate biofilm-associated infection by promoting quorum cheater development
Authors: He Lei , Lv Huiying , Wang Yanan , Jiang Feng , Liu Qian , Zhang Feiyang , Wang Hua , Shen Hao , Otto Michael , Li Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractQuorum cheating, a socio-microbiological process that is based on mutations in cell density-sensing (quorum-sensing) systems, has emerged as an important contributor to biofilm-associated infection in the leading human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. This is because inactivation of the staphylococcal Agr quorum-sensing system leads to pronounced biofilm formation, increasing resistance to antibiotics and immune defense mechanisms. Since biofilm infections in the clinic usually progress under antibiotic treatment, we here investigated whether such treatment promotes biofilm infection via the promotion of quorum cheating. Quorum cheater development was stimulated by several antibiotics used in the treatment of staphylococcal biofilm infections more strongly in biofilm than in the planktonic mode of growth. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of levofloxacin and vancomycin were investigated for their impact on biofilm-associated (subcutaneous catheter-associated and prosthetic joint-associated infection), where in contrast to a non-biofilm-associated subcutaneous skin infection model, a significant increase of the bacterial load and development of agr mutants was observed. Our results directly demonstrate the development of Agr dysfunctionality in animal biofilm-associated infection models and reveal that inappropriate antibiotic treatment can be counterproductive for such infections as it promotes quorum cheating and the associated development of biofilms.