bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Australian experience using Tc‐PSMA SPECT/CT in the primary diagnosis of prostate cancer and for staging at biochemical recurrence after local therapy
Authors: Duncan Iain , Ingold Nicholas , Martinez‐Marroquin Elisa , Paterson Catherine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundTechnetium 99 prostate‐specific membrane antigen (Tc‐PSMA) single‐photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) has the potential to provide greater accessibility globally than gallium 68 (Ga)‐PSMA positron emission tomography (PET)/CT but has not been studied as extensively in primary diagnosis, staging, or relapse of prostate cancer (PC). We instituted a novel SPECT/CT reconstruction algorithm using Tc‐PSMA and established a database to prospectively accumulate data on all patients referred with PC. This study extracts data on all patients referred over a 3.5‐year period with the primary aim of comparing the diagnostic accuracy of Tc‐PSMA and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the primary diagnosis of PC. The secondary aim was to assess the sensitivity of Tc‐PSMA in detecting disease with relapse after either radical prostatectomy or primary radiotherapy.MethodsA total of 425 men referred for primary staging (PS) of PC and 172 men referred with biochemical relapse (BCR) were evaluated. We evaluated diagnostic accuracy and correlations between Tc‐PSMA SPECT/CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), prostate biopsy, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), and age in the PS group and positivity rates at different PSA levels in the BCR group.ResultsTaking the biopsy's grade according to the International Society of Urological Pathology protocol as a reference, the sensitivity (true positive rate), specificity (true negative rate), accuracy (positive and negative predictive value), and precision (positive predictive value) for Tc‐PSMA in the PS group were 99.7%, 83.3%, 99.4%, and 99.7%, respectively. Comparison rates for MRI in this group were 96.4%, 71.4%, 95.7%, and 99.1%. We found moderate correlations between Tc‐PSMA uptake in the prostate and biopsy grade, the presence of metastases, and PSA. In BCR, the Tc‐PSMA positive rates were 38.9%, 53.2%, 62.5%, and 84.6% at PSA levels of <0.2, 0.2 to <0.5, 0.5 to <1.0, and > 1.0 ng/mL respectively.ConclusionsWe have shown that Tc‐PSMA SPECT/CT using an enhanced reconstruction algorithm has a diagnostic performance similar to Ga‐PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI in an everyday clinical setting. It may have some advantages in cost, sensitivity for primary lesion detection, and the ability for intraoperative localization of lymph nodes.
Causal inference with longitudinal data subject to irregular assessment times
Authors: Pullenayegum Eleanor M. , Birken Catherine , Maguire Jonathon ,   The TARGet Kids! Collaboration
Published: April 2023

SummaryData collected in the context of usual care present a rich source of longitudinal data for research, but often require analyses that simultaneously enable causal inferences from observational data while handling irregular and informative assessment times. An inverse‐weighting approach to this was recently proposed, and handles the case where the assessment times are at random (ie, conditionally independent of the outcome process given the observed history). In this paper, we extend the inverse‐weighting approach to handle a special case of assessment not at random, where assessment and outcome processes are conditionally independent given past observed covariates and random effects. We use multiple outputation to accomplish the same purpose as inverse‐weighting, and apply it to the Liang semi‐parametric joint model. Moreover, we develop an alternative joint model that does not require covariates for the outcome model to be known at times where there is no assessment of the outcome. We examine the performance of these methods through simulation and illustrate them through a study of the causal effect of wheezing on time spent playing outdoors among children aged 2–9 years and enrolled in the TargetKids! study.
Porous Salts as Platforms for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Korman Kyle J. , Dworzak Michael R. , Yap Glenn P. A. , Bloch Eric D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe preparation of a new class of reactive porous solids, prepared via straightforward salt metathesis reactions, is described here. Reaction of the dimethylammonium salt of a magnesium‐based porous coordination cage with the chloride salt of [CrIICl(Me4cyclam)]+ affords a porous solid with concomitant removal of dimethylammonium chloride. The salt consists of the ions combined in the expected ratio based on their charge as confirmed by UV–vis and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies, ion chromatography (IC), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The porous salt boasts a Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area of 213 m2 g−1. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction reveals the chromium(II) cations in the structure reside in the interstitial space between porous cages. Importantly, the chromium(II) centers, previously shown to react with O2 to afford reactive chromium(III)‐superoxide adducts, are still accessible in the solid state as confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy. The site‐isolated reactive centers have competence toward hydrogen atom abstraction chemistry and display significantly increased stability and reactivity as compared to dissolved ions.
Machine Learning‐Assisted High‐Throughput SERS Classification of Cell Secretomes
Authors: Plou Javier , Valera Pablo S. , García Isabel , Vila‐Liarte David , Renero‐Lecuna Carlos , Ruiz‐Cabello Jesús , Carracedo Arkaitz , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring the response to different stress conditions, damaged cells react in multiple ways, including the release of a diverse cocktail of metabolites. Moreover, secretomes from dying cells can contribute to the effectiveness of anticancer therapies and can be exploited as predictive biomarkers. The nature of the stress and the resulting intracellular responses are key determinants of the secretome composition, but monitoring such processes remains technically arduous. Hence, there is growing interest in developing tools for noninvasive secretome screening. In this regard, it has been previously shown that the relative concentrations of relevant metabolites can be traced by surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), thereby allowing label‐free biofluid interrogation. However, conventional SERS approaches are insufficient to tackle the requirements imposed by high‐throughput modalities, namely fast data acquisition and automatized analysis. Therefore, machine learning methods were implemented to identify cell secretome variations while extracting standard features for cell death classification. To this end, ad hoc microfluidic chips were devised, to readily conduct SERS measurements through a prototype relying on capillary pumps made of filter paper, which eventually would function as the SERS substrates. The developed strategy may pave the way toward a faster implementation of SERS into cell secretome classification, which can be extended even to laboratories lacking highly specialized facilities.
Supramolecular Gel‐to‐Gel Transition Induced by Nanoscale Structural Perturbation via the Rotary Motion of Feringa's Motor
Authors: Qin Yunan , Wang Yurou , Xiong Jingpeng , Li Quan , Zeng Ming‐Hua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSupramolecular rather than covalent molecular engineering on Feringa motors can provide an alternative toolkit for tuning the properties of motorized materials through appropriate supramolecular structural perturbations, which are underexplored. Herein, a multicomponent supramolecular gel system is successfully prepared by employing an ultra‐low molecular weight gelator and a modulator‐Feringa motor. The electron microscopic, spectroscopic, and rheological data revealed that the morphology and mechanical properties of the gel can be tuned via a crystallographic mismatch branching (CMB) mechanism simply by adding varied amounts of motor modulators. Notably, the rotary motion of the motor is preserved in such a multicomponent gel system, and the morphology and rheology of the gel can be further altered by the motor's rotary motion that promotes the structural perturbation, resulting in seldomly seen gel‐to‐gel transition events. The work shown here offers prospects to utilize a supramolecular perturbation strategy to deliver responsiveness from molecular motors to the corresponding bulk materials.
Modulating the Charge Transfer Plasmon in Bridged Au Core‐Satellite Homometallic Nanostructures
Authors: Wang Yun , Jia Jia , Zhang Jie , Xiao Ruixue , Xu Wenjia , Feng Yuhua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is one of the important properties for noble metal nanoparticles. Tuning the LSPR on demand thus has attracted tremendous interest. Beyond the size and shape control, manipulating intraparticle coupling is an effective way to tailor their LSPR. The charge transfer plasmon (CTP) is the most important mode of conductive coupling between subunits linked by conductive bridges that are well studied for structures prepared on substrates by lithography method. However, the colloidal synthesis of CTP structure remains a great challenge. This work reports the colloidal synthesis of extraordinary bridged Au core‐satellite structures by exploiting the buffer effect of polydopamine shell on Au core for Au atom diffusion, in which the Au bridge is well controlled in terms of width and length. Benefiting from the tunable Au bridges, the resonance energy of the CTP can be readily controlled. As a result, the LSPR absorptions of the core‐satellite structures are continuously tuned within the NIR spectral range (from 900 to >1300 nm), demonstrating their great potentials for ultrafast nano‐optics and biomedical applications.
Sustainable, Insoluble, and Photonic Cellulose Nanocrystal Patches for Calcium Ion Sensing in Sweat
Authors: Li Qiongya , He Chenchen , Wang Cunli , Huang Yuxiao , Yu Jiaqi , Wang Chunbo , Li Wei , Zhang Xin , Zhang Fusheng , Qing Guangyan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelf‐assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is invaluable for the development of sustainable optics and photonics. However, the functional failure of CNC‐derived materials in humid or liquid environments inevitably impairs their development in biomedicine, membrane separation, environmental monitoring, and wearable devices. Here, a facile and robust method to fabricate insoluble hydrogels in a self‐assembled CNC–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) system is reported. Due to the reconstruction of inter‐ or intra‐molecular hydrogen bond interactions, thermal dehydration makes an optimized CNC/PVA photonic film form a stable hydrogel network in an aqueous solution rather than dissolve. Notably, the resulting hydrogel exhibits superb mechanical performance (stress up to 3.3 Mpa and tough up to 0.73 MJ m−3) and reversible conversion between dry and wet states, enabling it convenient for specific functionalization. Sodium alginate (SA) can be adsorbed into the CNC photonic structure by swelling dry CNC/PVA film in a SA solution. The prepared hydrogel showcases the comprehensive properties of freezing resistance (−20°C), strong adhesion, satisfactory biocompatibility, and highly sensitive and selective Ca2+ sensing. The material could act as a portable wearable patch on the skin for the continuous analysis of calcium trends during different physical exercises, facilitating their development in precision nutrition and health monitoring.
Withdrawal: Observation of the Initial Interfacial Reaction between High Aluminum Molten Steel and CaO‐Al2O3 Inclusion at 1873 K Using Laser Confocal Scanning Microscopy and Micro‐CT
Authors: Wang Weijian , Gao Yuan , Ren Ying , Zhang Lifeng 
Published: April 2023

steel research int. 2024, 2300084
https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202300084
The above article, published online as accepted article, prior to the version of record, on 13 April 2023 in Wiley Online Library (https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202300084) has been withdrawn by agreement between the authors, the journal's Editor in Chief, Sandra Kalveram, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH.
A Eurocode‐compliant design approach for cold‐formed steel sections
Authors: Ungermann Dieter , Lemański Tim , Brune Bettina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA Eurocode‐compliant design approach was developed for the design of thin‐walled cold‐formed steel sections which combines the AISI S100‐16‐Direct Strength Method (DSM) with the design provisions of EN 1993‐1‐3. The new design approach transfers the cross‐sectional resistance determined acc. to DSM based on numerical elastic buckling analyses on the gross cross‐section into the global member verification acc. to EN 1993‐1‐3. Additional factors were introduced to optimize the new approach, e.g., to account for the effects of the nonlinear stress distribution in cross‐sections subject to local and/or distortional buckling. Within the framework of the German research project FOSTA P1328/IGF 19964, an extensive series of tests on differently shaped, perforated, and unperforated cold‐formed sections in compression and bending were conducted which serve to analyze the buckling phenomena and the load‐bearing capacity and to validate the new design approach. In addition, a numerical model was developed, calibrated to the tests, and used for further parametric analyses on the load‐bearing capacity of cold‐formed sections.
Effect of chloride penetration on CFRP sheet, CFRP‐concrete interface, and CFRP‐strengthened concrete beams
Authors: Wang Penggang , Han Xiaofeng , Wang Yutian , Jiang Fuxiang , Zhao Tiejun , Yin Yanbo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhether the performance of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer (CFRP)‐strengthened concrete structure is affected by chloride penetration is the key to the application under chloride environments. In this paper, the effect of chloride penetration on tensile properties of CFRP sheet, bond behavior of CFRP‐concrete, and flexural performance of CFRP‐strengthened concrete beams were studied. Results show that chloride penetration has no effect on the elastic modulus of the CFRP sheet. The tensile strength and elongation of the CFRP sheet decrease with the exposure time increase, reducing by 10% and 12.7% after 240 days. The interface failure of CFRP‐concrete is likely to occur on the concrete surface. As the exposure time increases, the interface failure develops toward the epoxy resin layer; the sliding stiffness and end slip of the interface decrease. However, the ultimate bearing capacity of the interface first increases and then decreases. As the exposure time increase, the effective bonding length gradually increases, and the failure mode of CFRP‐strengthened beams changes from bending failure to shear failure. After 120 days, the ultimate bearing capacity of the beams is significantly reduced. From three parts of materials, interfaces, and components to provide an evaluation basis for the use, regular detection, and life prediction of CFRP‐strengthened reinforced concrete beams under chloride environments.
Silencing circular RNA hsa_circABCC1 inhibits osteosarcoma progression through down‐regulating HDAC4 via sponging miR‐591
Authors: Wang Kai , Wang Na , Liu Jingsheng , Zhou Jianwei , Lei Shuanhu , Yue Haiyuan , Feng Haijun , Feng Kai , Kang Xuewen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to play an important regulatory role in the development of various cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS). However, the role of circRNA ABCC1 (circABCC1) in OS was still poorly understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of circABCC1 in OS progression and its potential molecular mechanisms.MethodsThe expression of circABCC1, microRNA‐591 (miR‐591) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in OS tissues or cells was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blot (WB) analyses. In vitro experiments, the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and autophagy of U2OS and HOS cells were assessed in vitro using cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay, 5‐ethynyl‐29‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, flow cytometry (FCM) assay, transwell migration and invasion assays (transwell) and WB assay, respectively. Interactions between circABCC1 and miR‐591, miR‐591 and HDAC4 were confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay system. The oncogenic role of circABCC1 in OS in vivo was examined by establishing a tumor xenograft model.ResultsCircABCC1 was significantly elevated in OS tissues (about 3.1‐folds) and cells (U2OS (about 2.1‐folds) and HOS (about 2.8‐folds)) compared with the control (p < .05). Silencing of circABCC1 significantly reduced the viability and proliferation, promoted apoptosis, impaired migration and invasion, and increased autophagy of U2OS and HOS cells (p < .05). In addition, miR‐591 was confirmed to be a target of circABCC1, exerting an opposite effect to circABCC1 (p < .05). MiR‐591 attenuation in U2OS and HOS cells was able to reply to the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion as well as promotion of cell apoptosis and autophagy mediated by silencing circABCC1 (p < .05). HDAC4 was verified to be the target gene of miR‐591 in U2OS and HOS cells and was regulated by the circABCC1/miR‐591 axis (p < .05), and restoration of HDAC4 levels in U2OS and HOS cells was able to restore the altered cellular function caused by silencing circABCC1 (p < .05). In addition, knockdown of circABCC1 attenuated tumor growth in vivo (p < .05).ConclusionSilencing of circABCC1 inhibits osteosarcoma progression by attenuating HDAC4 expression through sponging miR‐591.
The estrogen/miR‐338‐3p/ADAM17 axis enhances the viability of breast cancer cells via suppressing NK cell's function
Authors: Shi Yijiu , Pan Jianhui , Hang Chen , Tan Lin , Hu Li , Yan Zhilong , Zhu Jiangfan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are the critical elements of the innate immune response and implicated in rapidly recognizing and eliminating cancer cells. However, the tumor‐suppressive ability of NK cells is often impaired in several cancer types. The critical roles of microRNAs have been elucidated by increasing evidences, while the regulation of miR‐338‐3p in anti‐tumor activation of NK cells and its relationship with estrogen in breast cancer (BC) are still confusing. Here, miR‐338‐3p level was found to be significantly downregulated in BC tissues and estrogen receptor positive (ER+) cells, this difference was more obvious in ER+ patients or BC patients at advanced stage (TNM III and IV). MiR‐338‐3p level was shown to be downregulated by 17β‐estradiol in BC cells (MDA‐MB‐231 cells and MCF‐7) in vitro. MiR‐338‐3p overexpression decreased disintegrin and metalloprotease‐17 (ADAM17) secretion in MDA‐MB‐231 (ER−) and MCF‐7 (ER+) cells. In addition, miR‐338‐3p overexpression or treatment with anti‐ADAM17 antibody could down‐regulate granzyme B, CD16, and NKG2D in NK cells, which was reversed by human recombinant ADAM17. Furthermore, these educated NK cells could promote the viability of MDA‐MB‐231 or MCF‐7 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR‐338‐3p was negatively regulated by estrogen in BC cells, impairing NK cell's activity by the up‐regulation of ADAM17, and conversely promoted the viability of BC cells. Therefore, the estrogen/miR‐338‐3p/ADAM17 axis is critically implicated in BC pathogenesis and may provide potential targets for BC diagnosis and treatment.
European Political Science: The Magnitude, Heterogeneity and Relevance of a Divided Discipline
Authors: Capano Giliberto , Verzichelli Luca 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe study of politics goes back a considerable length of time and is deeply rooted in the evolution of human societies and their beliefs, preferences and worldviews. However, political science, as a specific discipline anchored to theory-driven empirical analyses of political phenomena, is still in its youth.
The Emergence of Gender-Specific Competence Patterns and Decision Making During the Course of Educational and Job Careers in Germany
Authors: Beier Loreen , Minello Alessandra , Uunk Wilfred , Pratter Magdalena , Yastrebov Gordey , Blossfeld Hans-Peter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStarting at the earliest phase in the educational career, our analyses show that there are already gender differences in mathematical competencies at early preschool age, but against the usual expectations, in favour of girls. In primary school, the early gender-specific differences are then reinforced: Boys perform better in mathematics and girls in German language. Nevertheless, these relative advantages in each domain compensate for each other, so there are no significant differences in the overall performance. Concerning the transition from secondary school to vocational training or higher education there was some evidence from the data that among graduates, young women tend to opt more often for vocational training than young men, whereas the men more often choose to study at universities for applied science than women. We did not find gender differences regarding university entry: Women do not aim lower with respect to university entry at similar grades than boys.Finally, our results show the important role of mothers in shaping the level of education of their daughters. In summary, based on our analyses the expected cumulative differences among boys and girls and men and women over the life course appear to be in accordance with the so-called Matthew effect hypothesis: Small gender differences at preschool age are getting bigger over the school career, not so much with regard to competence trajectories but with regard to the chosen subjects in schools and fields of study at vocational training and tertiary education.
The Institutionalisation of Environmentalism in Central Asia
Authors: Costa Buranelli Filippo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn 2021, in a largely ignored yet significant step towards regional coordination and convergence, the Central Asian republics took part in the 26th Conference of the Parties in Glasgow as a single entity, speaking with one voice and advocating a joint approach to climate change. Yet, to what extent is Central Asia complying with the norms and rules of environmental governance? Are environmental protection, climate-change mitigation and the push for an energy transition merely a set of shallow practices and rhetoric to signal performative compliance, or are they based on a logic of appropriateness and embedded in a normative understanding of green politics? Drawing on recent scholarship on international society and based on the assumption that environmentalism is now an established institution of the contemporary international order, this chapter considers whether, and in what way, Central Asia has embraced the institution of environmentalism, exploring discourses and practices at the global, regional and local levels. Far from being an exercise in pure theorisation, this can help shape policy engagement from and with the region, allowing us to assess the depth of commitment of these republics and societies in fighting climate change by distinguishing challenges deriving from structural, instrumental or ideological factors.