bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between cardiogenic shock related to acute decompensated heart failure and acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Bertaina Maurizio , Morici Nuccia , Frea Simone , Garatti Laura , Briani Martina , Sorini Carlotta , Villanova Luca , Corrada Elena , Sacco Alice , Moltrasio Marco , Ravera Amelia , Tedeschi Michele , Bertoldi Letizia , Lettino Maddalena , Saia Francesco , Corsini Anna , Camporotondo Rita , Colombo Costanza Natalia Julia , Bertolin Stephanie , Rota Matteo , Oliva Fabrizio , Iannaccone Mario , Valente Serafina , Pagnesi Matteo , Metra Marco , Sionis Alessandro , Marini Marco , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria , Kapur Navin K. , Pappalardo Federico , Tavazzi Guido 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThe present analysis from the multicentre prospective Altshock‐2 registry aims to better define clinical features, in‐hospital course, and management of cardiogenic shock complicating acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF‐CS) as compared with that complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI‐CS).Methods and resultsAll patients with AMI‐CS or ADHF‐CS enrolled in the Altshock‐2 registry between March 2020 and February 2022 were selected. The primary objective was the characterization of ADHF‐CS patients as compared with AMI‐CS. In‐hospital length of stay and mortality were secondary endpoints. One‐hundred‐ninety of the 238 CS patients enrolled in the aforementioned period were considered for the present analysis: 101 AMI‐CS (80% ST‐elevated myocardial infarction and 20% non‐ST‐elevated myocardial infarction) and 89 ADHF‐CS. As compared with AMI‐CS, ADHF‐CS patients were younger [63 (IQR 59–76) vs. 67 (IQR 54–73) years, P = 0.01], but presented with higher creatinine [1.6 (IQR 1.0–2.6) vs. 1.2 (IQR 1.0–1.4) mg/dL, P < 0.001], bilirubin [1.3 (IQR 0.9–2.3) vs. 0.6 (IQR 0.4–1.1) mg/dL, P = 0.01], and central venous pressure values [14 mmHg (IQR 8–12) vs. 10 mmHg (IQR 7–14),P = 0.01]. Norepinephrine was the most common catecholamine used in AMI‐CS (79.3%), whereas epinephrine was used more commonly in ADHF‐CS (65.5%); 75.8% vs. 46.6% received a temporary mechanical support in AMI‐CS and ADHF‐CS, respectively (P < 0.001). Length of hospital stay was longer in the latter [28 (IQR 13–48) vs. 17 (IQR 9–29) days, P = 0.001]. Heart replacement therapies were more frequently used in the ADHF‐CS group (heart transplantation 13.5% vs. 0% and left ventricular assist device 11% vs. 2%, P < 0.01 and 0.01, respectively). In‐hospital mortality was 41.1% (38.6% AMI‐CS vs. 43.8% ADHF‐CS, P = 0.5).ConclusionsADHF‐CS is characterized by a higher prevalence of end‐organ and biventricular dysfunction at presentation, a longer hospital length of stay, and higher need of heart replacement therapies when compared with AMI‐CS. In‐hospital mortality was similar between the two aetiologies. Our data warrant development of new management protocols focused on CS aetiology.
Webtool to enhance the accuracy of diagnostic algorithms for HFpEF: a prospective cross‐over study
Authors: Weerts Jerremy , Amin Hesam , Barandiarán Aizpurua Arantxa , Gevaert Andreas B. , Handoko M. Louis , Dauw Jeroen , Tun Han Naung , Rommel Karl‐Philipp , Verbrugge Frederik H. , Kresoja Karl‐Patrik , Sanders‐van Wijk Sandra , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Bayés‐Genís Antoni , Lumens Joost , Knackstedt Christian , van Empel Vanessa P.M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsDiagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) can be challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a webtool to enhance the scoring accuracy when applying the complex HFA‐PEFF and H2FPEF algorithms, which are commonly used for diagnosing HFpEF.Methods and resultsWe developed an online tool, the HFpEF calculator, that enables the automatic calculation of current HFpEF algorithms. We assessed the accuracy of manual vs. automatic scoring, defined as the percentage of correct scores, in a cohort of cardiologists with varying clinical experience. Cardiologists scored eight online clinical cases using a triple cross‐over design (i.e. two manual–two automatic–two manual–two automatic). Data were analysed in study completers (n = 55, 29% heart failure specialists, 42% general cardiologists, and 29% cardiology residents). Manually calculated scores were correct in 50% (HFA‐PEFF: 50% [50–75]; H2FPEF: 50% [38–50]). Correct scoring improved to 100% using the HFpEF calculator (HFA‐PEFF: 100% [88–100], P < 0.001; H2FPEF: 100% [75–100], P < 0.001). Time spent on clinical cases was similar between scoring methods (±4 min). When corrections for faulty algorithm scores were displayed, cardiologists changed their diagnostic decision in up to 67% of cases. At least 67% of cardiologists preferred using the online tool for future cases in clinical practice.ConclusionsManual calculation of HFpEF diagnostic algorithms is often inaccurate. Using an automated webtool to calculate HFpEF algorithms significantly improved correct scoring. This new approach may impact the eventual diagnostic decision in up to two‐thirds of cases, supporting its routine use in clinical practice.
Electroencephalography–functional magnetic resonance imaging for clinical evaluation in focal epilepsy
Authors: Ikemoto Satoru , Pana Raluca , von Ellenrieder Nicolás , Gotman Jean 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the contribution of simultaneous recording of electroencephalography–functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG‐fMRI) in the diagnosis of epilepsy syndrome, localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ), and decision‐making regarding surgical treatment.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study to evaluate patients with focal epilepsy who underwent EEG‐fMRI. Two evaluators assessed epilepsy syndrome, presumed focus, and surgical candidacy and defined confidence levels. They assessed these clinical characteristics first without EEG‐fMRI and then including EEG‐fMRI to assess how the results of EEG‐fMRI changed the evaluations. We also determined how the clinical evaluation was affected by the concordance level between the blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) response and the presumed focus location, and by the confidence level of the BOLD response itself based on the t‐value of the primary and secondary clusters.ResultsFifty‐one scans from 48 patients were included. The BOLD map affected 66.7% of the evaluations by altering evaluation items (epilepsy syndrome, presumed focus, or surgical candidacy) or their confidence levels. EEG‐fMRI results increased the confidence levels of epilepsy syndrome, presumed focus, or surgical candidacy in 47.1% of patients but reduced clinical confidence in these features in 11.8%. More specifically, the confidence levels increased for epilepsy syndrome in 28.5%, identification of presumed focus in 33.9%, and determination of surgical candidacy in 29.4%. The BOLD signal confidence level, whether high or low, did not influence these clinical factors.SignificancePrevious studies have emphasized the utility of EEG‐fMRI for the localization of the epileptogenic zone. This study demonstrated the potential of EEG‐fMRI to influence clinical confidence when determining epilepsy syndrome, the presumed epileptic focus, and surgical candidacy.
Celebrating breakthrough in dental diagnostics: FDA approval of an AI model for diagnosis of periodontal diseases: A correspondence
Authors: Khan Ayesha , Khan Khadija J. , Ghaza Mehreen A. , Dave Tirth , Shahnoor Syeda , Khan Abdul M. , Oduoye Malik O. , Nafula Wechuli P. , Ubechu Samuel C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPeriodontal diseases are prevalent and have significant implications for oral health and overall well‐being. Current diagnostic methods have limitations in accuracy and standardization. The recent Food and Drug Administration approval of Videa Perio Assist (VPA), an AI model for diagnosing periodontal diseases, presents a breakthrough in dental diagnostics. VPA is a cloud‐based, AI‐powered software that automatically measures and visualizes bone levels associated with each tooth from radiographic images. Clinical testing has demonstrated VPA's efficacy in accurately diagnosing periodontal diseases with high sensitivity and specificity. The integration of AI in dentistry has the potential to revolutionize periodontal disease diagnosis, improve patient care, and enhance decision‐making. However, further research, education, cost‐effectiveness, and collaboration are essential for maximizing the benefits of AI in dental settings. The approval and implementation of VPA mark a significant advancement in dental diagnostics, paving the way for more effective solutions and a healthier global population.
Interspecies scaling of toxicity reference values in human health versus ecological risk assessments: A critical review
Authors: Clewell Harvey J. , Fuchsman Phyllis C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Risk assessments that focus on anthropogenic chemicals in environmental media—whether considering human health or ecological effects—often rely on toxicity data from experimentally studied species to estimate safe exposures for species that lack similar data. Current default extrapolation approaches used in both human health risk assessments and ecological risk assessments (ERAs) account for differences in body weight between the test organisms and the species of interest, but the two default approaches differ in important ways. Human health risk assessments currently employ a default based on body weight raised to the three-quarters power. Ecological risk assessments for wildlife (i.e., mammals and birds) are typically based directly on body weight, as measured in the test organism and receptor species. This review describes differences in the experimental data underlying these default practices and discusses the many factors that affect interspecies variability in chemical exposures. The interplay of these different factors can lead to substantial departures from default expectations. Alternative methodologies for conducting more accurate interspecies extrapolations in ERAs for wildlife are discussed, including tissue-based toxicity reference values, physiologically based toxicokinetic and/or toxicodynamic modeling, chemical read-across, and a system of categorical defaults based on route of exposure and toxic mode of action. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:749–764. © 2023 SETAC
Does repetitive dilatation and curettage or hysteroscopic biopsy in patients treated with progestins for endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma affect subsequent fetomaternal outcomes? A population‐based study using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan
Authors: Lin Hao , Chen Wen‐Hsin , Chen Chao‐Yu , Yang Yao‐Hsu , Lee Chuan‐Pin , Chen Ko‐Jung , Ou Yu‐Che 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of repeated dilatation and curettage or hysteroscopic biopsy on fetomaternal outcomes in patients receiving progestin treatment for endometrial hyperplasia or early‐stage carcinoma.MethodThis was a population‐based study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2009 and 2017 of women who gave birth and had a history of endometrial hyperplasia and early‐stage carcinoma treated with progestins. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reflecting the association between repeated procedures and fetomaternal outcomes.ResultsA total of 6956 women with 8690 deliveries were identified. Compared with those who had two or fewer procedures, women who received more than two procedures had a significantly higher risk for cervical insufficiency (aOR, 5.09 [95 CI, 2.31–11.24]). Furthermore, women who had more than two procedures were prone to have adverse neonatal outcomes, including Apgar score < 7 at 1 min (aOR, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.13–3.43]) and 5 min (aOR, 3.11 [95% CI, 1.33–7.23]) and preterm delivery <32 weeks (aOR, 2.86 [95% CI, 1.50–5.45]).ConclusionUndergoing more than two procedures was associated with subsequent maternal cervical insufficiency, preterm delivery <32 weeks, and low neonatal Apgar score. Health care providers should be aware of the potential risks and balance the benefits and harms of repeated procedures.
Local treatment strategies in Stage IVB cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Jing‐Ying , Hu Min , Wu San‐Gang , Zhou Juan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of different local treatment strategies on survival outcomes in patients with Stage IVB cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma.MethodsPatients diagnosed with Stage IVB cervical SCC and adenocarcinoma between 2004 and 2015 were included from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Subgroup analysis was performed in those diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 and available for the sites of distant metastases.ResultsIn total, 706 patients were identified in this study, including 378 (53.5%) and 328 (46.5%) diagnosed in 2004–2009 and 2010–2015, respectively. There were 525 (74.4%) and 181 (25.6%) patients with SCC and adenocarcinoma, respectively. Moreover, 274 (38.8%) and 432 (61.2%) patients received hysterectomy and primary radiotherapy, respectively. The results of the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that histology and local treatment strategies were not related to cause‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival. In the SCC patients, patients who received primary radiotherapy had similar CSS (P = 0.312) and overall survival (P = 0.390) compared with those treated with surgery. In the adenocarcinoma patients, those who received primary radiotherapy had inferior CSS (P = 0.003) and overall survival (P < 0.001) compared with those treated with surgery. Similar results were found in those diagnosed 2004–2015 and 2010–2015 after propensity score matching.ConclusionsFor patients with Stage IVB cervical cancer who received local therapy, surgery, and primary radiotherapy had similar survival in cervical SCC, whereas surgery had better survival outcomes compared with primary radiotherapy in those with cervical adenocarcinoma.
An unusual cause of small bowel obstruction: Case report of spontaneous uteroenteric fistula
Authors: Apple Annie , Mulugeta‐Gordon Lakeisha , Zafman Kelly , Leitner Kirstin 
Published: September 2023

SynopsisUteroenteric fistulae in the setting of degenerating leiomyomas may present with small bowel obstruction and require multidisciplinary surgical management to perform fertility‐sparing myomectomy.
Single‐dose oral azithromycin prophylaxis in planned vaginal delivery for sepsis prevention: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Crosara L. F. , Orsini P. V. B. , Eskandar K. , Khalil S. M. , Castilhos G. S. F. , Strahl P. A. M. , Milbradt T. L. , Philip C. E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe use of oral azithromycin (AZI) as a preventive measure against postpartum infections of planned vaginal births has garnered a lot of interest in recent years and has been the subject of many randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, the results from these trials have not been consistent. Therefore, we aim to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine whether the use of a single‐dose of oral AZI is clinically significant.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central for RCTs from May to June 2023, comparing a single dose of oral AZI with placebo in patients undergoing planned vaginal delivery at a minimum of 28 weeks of gestational age. The main outcomes were puerperal and neonatal sepsis. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 (Cochrane Collaboration). Heterogeneity was assessed with I2 statistics.ResultsFour RCTs were included (mothers, n = 42 235; newborns n = 42 492). Approximately 49.8% of mothers received a single dose of oral AZI for sepsis prophylaxis. Compared with placebo, AZI significantly reduced the incidence of puerperal sepsis (risk ratio [RR], 0.65 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.55–0.77]; P < 0.001), mastitis or breast abscess (RR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.42–0.79]; P < 0.001), endometritis (RR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.54–0.77]; P < 0.001), wound infection (RR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.69–0.96]; P = 0.013), infection rate (RR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.51–0.76]; P < 0.001), and fever (RR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.28–0.89]; P = 0.018) in mothers. No statistically significant differences were identified between groups regarding maternal all‐cause mortality and the use of prescribed postpartum antibiotics. Similarly, no statistical differences were noted in the neonatal group regarding sepsis, infection rate, and all‐cause mortality.ConclusionAZI appears to be an effective preventive measure against many postpartum infections in mothers but a substantial impact on neonatal outcomes has not yet been conclusively observed.
Ureter metastasis from a primary cervical malignancy 3 years after initial treatment
Authors: Jia Luyao , Wang Lang , Zheng Jing , Lu Jianghao 
Published: September 2023

SynopsisMetastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lower ureter is reported in a 55‐year‐old woman presenting with gross hematuria who was treated for cervical cancer 3 years prior.
Computed tomography‐determined skeletal muscle density predicts 3‐year mortality in initial‐dialysis patients in China
Authors: Sheng Ming‐jie , Cao Jing‐yuan , Hou Shi‐mei , Li Min , Wang Yao , Fang Qiang , Miao A‐feng , Yang Min , Liu Shu‐su , Hu Chun‐hong , Liu Cui‐lan , Wang Shi‐yuan , Zheng Jing , Xiao Jing‐jie , Zhang Xiao‐liang , Liu Hong , Liu Bi‐cheng , Wang Bin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkeletal muscle mass and quality assessed by computed tomography (CT) images of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) level have been established as risk factors for poor clinical outcomes in several illnesses, but the relevance for dialysis patients is unclear. A few studies have suggested a correlation between CT‐determined skeletal muscle mass and quality at the first lumbar vertebra (L1) level and adverse outcomes. Generally, chest CT does not reach beyond L1. We aimed to determine whether opportunistic CT scan (chest CT)‐determined skeletal muscle mass and quality at L1 are associated with mortality in initial‐dialysis patients.MethodsThis 3‐year multicentric retrospective study included initial‐dialysis patients from four centres between 2014 and 2017 in China. Unenhanced CT images of the L1 and L3 levels were obtained to assess skeletal muscle mass [by skeletal muscle index, (SMI), cm2/m2] and quality [by skeletal muscle density (SMD), HU]. Skeletal muscle measures at L1 were compared with those at L3. The sex‐specific optimal cutoff values of L1 SMI and L1 SMD were determined in relation to all‐cause mortality. The outcomes were all‐cause death and cardiac death. Cox regression models were applied to investigate the risk factors for death.ResultsA total of 485 patients were enrolled, of whom 257 had both L1 and L3 images. Pearson's correlation coefficient between L1 and L3 SMI was 0.84 (P < 0.001), and that between L1 and L3 SMD was 0.90 (P < 0.001). No significant association between L1 SMI and mortality was observed (P > 0.05). Low L1 SMD (n = 280, 57.73%) was diagnosed based on the optimal cutoff value (<39.56 HU for males and <33.06 HU for females). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the low L1 SMD group had higher risks of all‐cause death (hazard ratio 1.80; 95% confidence interval 1.05–3.11, P = 0.034) and cardiac death (hazard ratio 3.74; 95% confidence interval 1.43–9.79, P = 0.007).ConclusionsIn initial‐dialysis patients, there is high agreement between the L1 and L3 measures for SMI and SMD. Low SMD measured at L1, but not low SMI, is an independent predictor of both all‐cause death and cardiac death.
Streambank erosion and phosphorus loading to surface waters: Knowns, unknowns, and implications for nutrient loss reduction research and policy
Authors: Margenot Andrew J. , Zhou Shengnan , McDowell Richard , Hebert Thomas , Fox Garey , Schilling Keith , Richmond Shawn , Kovar John L. , Wickramarathne Niranga , Lemke Dean , Boomer Kathy , Golovay Shani 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo monitor and meet water quality objectives, it is necessary to understand and quantify the contribution of nonpoint sources to total phosphorus (P) loading to surface waters. However, the contribution of streambank erosion to surface water P loads remains unclear and is typically unaccounted for in many nutrient loading assessments and policies. As a result, agricultural contributions of P are overestimated, and a potentially manageable nonpoint source of P is missed in strategies to reduce loads. In this perspective, we review and synthesize the results of a special symposium at the 2022 ASA‐CSSA‐SSSA annual meeting in Baltimore, MD, that focused on streambank erosion and its contributions to P loading of surface waters. Based on discussions among researchers and policy experts, we overview the knowns and unknowns, propose next steps to understand streambank erosion contribution to P export budgets, and discuss implications of the science of streambank erosion for policy and nutrient loss reduction strategies.
Design, synthesis, biological activities, and evaluation of molecular docking‐dynamics studies of new thiosemicarbazones that may be effective against Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Conger Neslihan , Osmaniye Derya , Sağlık Begüm Nurpelin , Levent Serkan , Ozkay Yusuf , Kaplancıklı Zafer Asım 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDonepezil is one of the most used drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Its activity as an AChE inhibitor makes new studies with these enzyme inhibitors attractive. For this purpose, in this study, 12 compounds including thiosemicarbazone pharmacophore, have been synthesized for the treatment of the Alzheimer's disease. 3,4‐Dimethoxybenzene or 1,3‐benzodioxolone rings were used for the PAS region. The substituted piperazine benzene structure is preferred for the CAS region. At the same time, the thiosemicarbazone pharmacophore structure with known ChE enzyme inhibition potential was used as a bridge connecting the CAS and PAS regions. Structure determination of compounds 3a–3l were revealed using 13C‐NMR, 1H‐NMR, and HRMS spectroscopic methods. The inhibition profile of obtained compounds (3a–3l) against ChE was evaluated using in vitro modified Ellman method. Compounds 3a, 3b, 3f, 3g and 3i exhibited inhibitory activity against the AChE enzyme. Compound 3a showed the highest inhibitory potential with an IC50 = 0.030 ± 0.001 μM. As a result of molecular docking studies, compound 3a displayed important interactions compared to other active derivatives. Molecular dynamics studies are important to see the stability of the complex formed by ligand and protein. RMSD, RMSF ang Rg parameters were calculated via dynamic studies. In conclusion, compound 3a may be a potential AChE enzyme inhibitor with its strong inhibitory potential and behavior in silico.