bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the use of herbal medicines for weight loss in overweight and obese adolescents
Authors: Yim Mi Hong , Lee Boram 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesHerbal medicine (HM) is widely used to treat obesity in adolescents worldwide since the currently available interventions have low compliance and lack long-term effects and safety data. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting HM use for weight loss in overweight and obese adolescents.MethodsA total of 46,336 adolescents were included in this cross-sectional study based on the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey. Three models of HM use for weigh loss were developed by sequentially adding predisposing, enabling, and need factors according to Andersen's model using multiple logistic regression analyses considering the complex sampling design.ResultsMale and female high school students and students from low perceived household economic status were less likely to use HM for weight loss. Students whose fathers had a college degree or higher, depressed mood, and two or more chronic allergic diseases were more likely to use HM. Male students who perceived their body image as fat or very fat tended to use HM less than those who perceived their body image as very thin, thin, or moderate. Obese female students tended to use HM more than overweight female students.ConclusionThese results can be used as the bases to promote HM use, provide ideas for future research, and strengthen the health insurance coverage extension for weight loss interventions.
Stoichiometric homeostasis of N:P ratio drives species-specific symbiotic N fixation inhibition under N addition
Authors: Li Qiang , Philp Joshua , Denton Matthew D. , Huang Yingxin , Wei Jian , Sun Huijuan , Li Yang , Zhao Qian 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionSymbiotic N fixation inhibition induced by N supply to legumes is potentially regulated by the relative N and P availability in soil. However, the specific responses of different legume species to changes in N:P availability remain unclear, and must be better understood to optimize symbiotic N fixation inputs under N enrichment. This study investigated mechanisms by which soil N and P supply influence the symbiotic N fixation of eight legume species, to quantify the inter-specific differences, and to demonstrate how these differences can be determined by the stoichiometric homeostasis in N:P ratios (HN:P).MethodsEight herbaceous legume species were grown separately in outdoor pots and treated with either no fertilizer (control), N fertilizer (14 g N m-2), P fertilizer (3.5 g P m-2) or both N and P fertilizer. Plant nutrients, stoichiometric characteristics, root biomass, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), rhizosphere chemistry, P mobilization, root nodulation and symbiotic N fixation were measured.ResultsN addition enhanced rhizosphere P mobilization but drove a loss of root biomass and root NSC via exudation of P mobilization compound (organic acid), especially so in treatments without P addition. N addition also induced a 2-14% or 14-36% decline in symbiotic N fixation per plant biomass by legumes in treatments with or without P addition, as a result of decreasing root biomass and root NSC. The changes in symbiotic N fixation were positively correlated with stoichiometric homeostasis of N:P ratios in intact plants without root nodules, regardless of P additions.DiscussionThis study indicates that N addition can induce relative P limitations for growth, which can stimulate rhizosphere P mobilization at the expense of root biomass and carbohydrate concentrations, reducing symbiotic N fixation in legumes. Legume species that had less changes in plant N:P ratio, such as Lespedeza daurica and Medicago varia maintained symbiotic N fixation to a greater extent under N addition.
Spiritual and religious perspectives in persons with visual impairment due to age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Salzer Carina , Samoila Lacramioara , Mortazavi Moshkenani Hosnasadat , Samoila Ovidiu 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the global leading causes of severe vision loss. Patients suffering from AMD face complex spiritual and mental challenges that have an impact on the course of their disease, their quality of life, and their relationship with their surroundings.MethodsA survey was carried out using a 21-item questionnaire between August 2020 and June 2021 among 117 patients from different countries to investigate how spirituality, religion, and their way of practicing them affected the experiences and daily lives of patients suffering from AMD, and whether it helped them cope with the disease.ResultsOur study concluded that spirituality and religion are important factors that facilitate patients’ ability to cope with a progressive degenerative disease such as AMD. Patients who are religious are more at peace with having AMD. Practices that contribute to patients being at peace in accepting the disease are regular prayers or meditation. Spirituality and religion are important components that promote a healthier and happier emotional state and mental wellbeing. In particular, by believing that death is not the end, patients feel more hopeful, which helps in their adjustment to a seemingly hopeless health condition. A significant number of AMD patients desire to talk about God with the medical staff. The profile of such patients could be those believing in a higher power, praying often, participating in religious services, being worried about the loss of vision, and needing assistance in daily life.DiscussionAn interdisciplinary and multidimensional team of medical health professionals including mental health workers and chaplains can be of great value in managing persons with AMD.
Cultural considerations in the assessment of sensitivity in low-income caregivers in Ethiopia
Authors: Spinelli Maria , Preti Emanuele , Kassa Temsegen Tadele , Asale Moges Ayele , Goshu Mulat Asnake , Tsega Tigist Wuhib , Gezie Abebaw Minaye , Fasolo Mirco , Mesman Judi 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundCaregiver sensitivity is associated with positive child outcomes, and improving sensitivity is often the aim of parenting-directed interventions. However, sensitivity was conceptualized in Western cultures, and its application in populations with different backgrounds is still limited.ObjectiveThis study aimed to foster a contextualized cultural understanding of the meaning and nature of sensitivity by assessing the possibility of evaluating sensitivity in a low-income population living in Ethiopia and describing the nature of (in)sensitive parenting. Moreover, the associations between sensitivity and discipline, the quality of the environment, and individual characteristics were explored.MethodsParental sensitivity was coded on naturalistic video-recorded observations of free interactions between 25 female primary caregivers and their children. Caregivers completed questionnaires on discipline strategies and the level of satisfaction with the environment (access to basic needs, quality of house condition, community and family support, quality of learning opportunities, and working conditions).ResultsThe assessment of sensitivity in this population was possible, with caregivers showing the full range of sensitivity levels. A description of manifestations of sensitivity in this population is provided. A K-means cluster analysis evidenced that high sensitivity was associated with high satisfaction regarding housing conditions and family environment. No association between sensitivity and discipline emerged.ConclusionThe findings show the feasibility of assessing sensitivity in this sample. The descriptions of observed behaviors contribute to understanding culturally specific aspects of sensitivity to consider when assessing sensitivity in similar populations. The study provides considerations and guidelines to inform the structure of culturally-based interventions to promote sensitive parenting in similar cultural and socioeconomic situations.
The role of rare earth elements and dietary intake in tongue cancer: a mediation analysis in southeast China
Authors: Wang Na , Liu Fengqiong , Chen Yujia , Xie Manling , Gao Bingju , Qiu Yu , Lin Lisong , Shi Bin , Chen Fa , He Baochang 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe current research aimed to examine how dietary intake and rare earth elements may affect the development of tongue cancer.MethodsThe serum levels of 10 rare earth elements (REEs) in 171 cases and 171 healthy matched controls were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The conditional logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between dietary intake, serum levels of 10 REEs, and tongue cancer. Mediation effect and multiplicative interaction analysis were then performed to estimate the potential contribution of REEs in dietary intake associated with tongue cancer.ResultsCompared with the control group, patients with tongue cancer consumed significantly less fish, seafood, fruit, green leafy vegetables, and non-green leafy vegetables, with higher serum praseodymium (Pr), dysprosium (Dy), and lanthanum (La) levels, and lower serum cerium (Ce) and scandium (Sc) levels. The interaction effect was observed between some REEs and food categories. Green vegetables' impact on the risk of tongue cancer is partially attributed to the La and Thorium (Th) elements (P &lt; 0.05, the mediated proportion were 14.933% and 25.280%, respectively). The effect of non-green leafy vegetables for tongue cancer mediated via Pr, Dy, and Th (P &lt; 0.05, the mediated proportion were 0.408%, 12.010%, and 8.969%, respectively), and the Sc components in seafood (P &lt; 0.05, the mediated proportion was 26.120%) is partly responsible for their influence on the risk of tongue cancer.ConclusionThe correlation between REEs and dietary intakes for tongue cancer is compact but intricate. Some REEs interact with food intake to influence tongue cancer, while others act as a mediator.
Socioeconomic inequality in the worsening of psychosocial wellbeing via disrupted social conditions during COVID-19 among adolescents in Hong Kong: self-resilience matters
Authors: Chung Gary Ka-Ki , Chan Yat-Hang , Lee Thomas Sze-Kit , Chan Siu-Ming , Chen Ji-Kang , Wong Hung , Chung Roger Yat-Nork , Ho Esther Sui-Chu 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAdolescents, especially the socioeconomically disadvantaged, are facing devastating psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during their critical developmental period. This study aims to (i) examine the socioeconomic patterning of the worsening of psychosocial wellbeing, (ii) delineate the underlying mediating factors (i.e., overall worry about COVID-19, family's financial difficulty, learning problems, and loneliness), and (iii) explore the moderating effect of resilience in the inter-relationship among adolescents under COVID-19.MethodsBased on maximum variation sampling of 12 secondary schools of diverse socioeconomic background in Hong Kong, 1018 students aged 14-16 years were recruited and completed the online survey between September and October 2021. Multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM) by resilience levels was employed to delineate the pathways between socioeconomic position and the worsening of psychosocial wellbeing.ResultsSEM analysis showed a significant total effect of socioeconomic ladder with the worsening of psychosocial wellbeing during the pandemic in the overall sample (β = −0.149 [95% CI = −0.217 – −0.081], p &lt; 0.001), which operated indirectly through learning problems and loneliness (both p &lt; 0.001 for their indirect effects). Consistent pattern with stronger effect size was observed in the lower resilience group; nonetheless, the associations were substantially mitigated in the higher resilience group.ConclusionIn addition to facilitating self-directed learning and easing loneliness during the pandemic, evidence-based strategies to build up resilience among adolescents are critical to buffer against the adverse socioeconomic and psychosocial impacts of the pandemic or other potential catastrophic events in the future.
Current status and time trends of lipid and use of statins among older adults in China—real world data from primary community health institutions
Authors: Jiang Junrong , Huang Jun , Deng Hai , Liao Hongtao , Fang Xianhong , Zhan Xianzhang , Wu Shulin , Xue Yumei 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundElevated serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels are established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, a leading cause of death in China, especially in aged population. We sought to assess the latest levels of serum lipids, prevalence of dyslipidemia and achievement of LDL-C lowering targets among Chinese aged population.MethodsThe data was obtained from the annual health check and medical records in primary community health institutions of Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Southern China. A sample of approximately 135,000 participants provides comprehensive estimates of the status of cholesterol level and statins use in older adults in China. Clinical characteristics were compared by different age grades, genders and years. Independent risk factors associated with statin use were determined by stepwise logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe mean levels of TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG were 5.39, 1.45, 3.10, and 1.60 mmol/L, respectively, while the prevalence of high TC, high TG, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were 21.99, 15.52, 13.26, and 11.92%, respectively. Although statin use showed an increasing trend in both participants &gt; 75 years and ≤75 years of age, the achievement of treatment goals fluctuated between 40.94 and 48.47%, and even seemed to have a downward trend. Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis further indicated that age, medical insurance, ability of self-care, hypertension, stroke, CAD, and high LDL-C were shown to be associated with statins use (P &lt; 0.05). Those aged ≤75 years old seemed to be less likely to use statin, and those without medical insurance or ability of self-care seemed to be less likely to use statin, too. Patients with hypertension, stroke, CAD and high LDL-C were more inclined to use statins.ConclusionChinese aged population currently experienced high serum lipid levels and prevalence of dyslipidemia. Although an increasing trend was shown in the proportion of high CVD risk and statin use, the achievement of treatment goals seemed to have a downward trend. Improvement of lipid management is necessary in order to reduce the burden of ASCVD in China.
Impact of diabetes on emergency care of acute myocardial infarction patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Song Eyun , Hwang Jeongeun , Park Sung Joon , Park Min Jeong , Jang Ahreum , Choi Kyung Mook , Baik Sei Hyun , Yoo Hye Jin 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAlthough acute myocardial infarction (AMI) requires timely intervention, limited nationwide data is available regarding the association between disruption of emergency services and outcomes of patients with AMI during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Moreover, whether diabetes mellitus (DM) adversely affects disease severity in these patients has not yet been investigated.MethodsThis nationwide population-based study analyzed 45,648 patients with AMI, using data from the national registry of emergency departments (ED) in Korea. Frequency of ED visits and disease severity were compared between the COVID-19 outbreak period (year 2020) and the control period (the previous year 2019).ResultsThe number of ED visits by patients with AMI decreased during the first, second, and third waves of the outbreak period compared to the corresponding time period in the control period (all p-values &lt; 0.05). A longer duration from symptom onset to ED visit (p = 0.001) and ED stay (p = 0.001) and higher rates of resuscitation, ventilation care, and extracorporeal membrane oxygen insertion were observed during the outbreak period than during the control period (all p-values &lt; 0.05). These findings were exacerbated in patients with comorbid DM; Compared to patients without DM, patients with DM demonstrated delayed ED visits, longer ED stays, more intensive care unit admissions (p &lt; 0.001), longer hospitalizations (p &lt; 0.001), and higher rates of resuscitation, intubation, and hemodialysis (all p-values &lt; 0.05) during the outbreak period. While in-hospital mortality was similar in AMI patients with and without comorbid DM during the two periods (4.3 vs. 4.4%; p = 0.671), patients with DM who had other comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease or heart failure or were aged ≥ 80 years had higher in-hospital mortality compared with those without any of the comorbidities (3.1 vs. 6.0%; p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionDuring the pandemic, the number of patients with AMI presenting to the ED decreased compared with that of the previous year, while the disease severity increased, particularly in patients with comorbid DM.
In vitro micronucleus assay: Method for assessment of nanomaterials using cytochalasin B
Authors: Farabaugh Christopher S. , Doak Shareen , Roy Shambhu , Elespuru Rosalie 
Published: April 2023

Graphical AbstractFigure created using BioRender.com by Dr. Michael J. Burgum (In Vitro Toxicology group, Swansea University).
Medieval Ge’ez land grants of Aṣe Waša Maryam church in Wägda (1344-1432)
Authors: Ayenachew Derese 
Published: April 2023

The old district of Wägda was situated on the frontiers of the ancient sultanate of Šäwa. It is said to be one of the core Christian settlement areas in Šäwa during the power struggle of King Y ekuno Amlak (r. 1270-1285) against the Zagwe king Yetbaräk. King Yekuno Amlak would have recruited soldiers from the Wägda Christian community to establish the Solomonic dynasty in 1270. Land grant documents from the present church of Aṣe Waša Maryam in Wägda demonstrate the early presence of medieval kings. Oral informants indicate that Aṣe
Waša Maryam was established by King Säyfä Ar’ad (r. 1344-1380), when he installed his royal camp in this place. Three Ge’ez land grants mention lands chartered to the two churches of Maryam and Mika’el, and in memory of a dignitary called ras Baro during the reigns of King Säyfä Ar’ad, King Dawit (r. 1380-1412), and of the rarely referred to King Ḥezbä Nañ (r. 1430-1432). These land donations were probably documented successively during the reigns of the aforementioned kings. They witness the expansion of the Christian kings in Wägda that was dominated for centuries by the sultanate of Šäwa. This paper intends to present the Ge’ez land grant documents that were donated to different churches in Wägda during the reigns of Kings Säyfä Ar’ad, Dawit, and Ḥәzbä Nañ. It also introduces additional information on the political organization of a regional court of this period.
Leadership in business schools: Contributions from traditional leadership approaches
Authors: Holmgren Jens , Kringelum Louise 
Published: April 2023

For many years, leadership in universities and business schools has been investigated and explored (see Thomas 2011). Many changes and new requirements from a variety of stakeholders have arisen. For instance, there has been an increased focus on impact from the state, companies, and organizations and a greater need to obtain external funding for research projects. Additionally, current debates regarding sustainability and digitalization and the prevalence of mission-based research have made it necessary to revisit the challenges inherent in leading universities and business schools. It is relevant to revisit traditional approaches to leadership to explore how these concepts and factors can inspire the development of business school leadership.
This article is not a comprehensive literature review of the leadership differences that business schools face. Rather, we present recent literature on leadership in business schools that, in combination with our own experiences as part of a management team in a newly established business school in Denmark, showcases the contemporary challenges faced in business school leadership. We use traditional leadership approaches to discuss how business school leadership can benefit from these approaches to confront new challenges and requirements.
Working from home during COVID-19 lockdown: Changing competencies and work-home life boundaries
Authors: Almeida Jéssica , Silva Maria Gabriela 
Published: April 2023

Crisis situations often introduces drastic lifestyle changes. This study is focused on the COVID-19 pandemic and aims to shed light on an unprecedented context of forcing employees to work from home with a short notice of companies and the government. The goal is three-fold: i) to understand the extent to which employees were indeed prepared to work from home; ii) to uncover the most important competencies that enabled employees to deal better with a crisis situation, such as the COVID-19 pandemic; and iii) to discuss the real impact that working from home had in the employees’ lives during the pandemic situation and the quarantine period.
Using narrative inquiry, this study explores the experiences of 18 young adult consultants working in different business areas, in Portugal. Semi-structure interviews were conducting during the third wave (12/2020 – 03/2021) and thematic analysis was used to analysis the transcripts. The analysis revealed three main themes: ‘management competencies’, ‘work-life balance’ and ‘work flexibility’. Each theme consisted of several subthemes which illustrates how the participants perceived working from home and the factors that reflect their experiences and understanding.
The research findings illustrate that interpersonal communication, anxiety and stress management, time management, and e-leadership are vital skills to cause a great impact on participants’ productivity and well-being at work. Participants all appeared to notice that working from home provides a better work-life balance (e.g. saving time on daily commute) and more flexibility with regards to the work schedule and home commitments. Nonetheless, their experiences of home working depend on the personal situation, personality and the perceived management support offered during the COVID-19 lockdown.
The research highlights a need to train employees on soft skills and prepare them to future crisis situations. Theoretical implications suggest that academics should expand research and interventions to include not only the work environment but also other external factors that affect employees. The limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are suggested.
Leadership for sustainability learning: The role of active learning methodologies
Authors: Jevnaker Birgit Helene 
Published: April 2023

Learning to lead for sustainability in your enterprises has emerged as a new concern for top leaders in many industries, educational institutions, and regions. The higher education institutions may have a generic role in affecting leadership for sustainability learning in both theory and practice. From an action-based leadership for sustainability perspective, we propose that more attention be devoted to leveraging the developmental work in the everyday learning settings, and especially in local organizing for leadership learning. This explorative paper specifically seeks to understand the role of active learning methodologies in affecting sustainable leadership in an adult learner and student group setting. It is of broad interest to help diverse students’ learning groups to both enact and engage recurrently as co-creating learners for their own leadership development.