bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling fetal cavum septum pellucidi width by quantile regression at 18–34 weeks of gestation: A prospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Patelli Chiara , Berti Giorgia , Marra Maria Chiara , Lu Jia Li Angela , Resta Serena , Mappa Ilenia , Rizzo Giuseppe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveDevelop charts for cavum septum pellucidi (CSP) following a standardized methodology and using quantile regression. The secondary objective was to assess the influence of fetal gender on the generated reference curves.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional prospective study 453 low‐risk singleton pregnancies were evaluated at a gestational age interval between 18 and 34 weeks. The width of CSP were measured on ultrasound images using a standardized technique and their changes were evaluated by quantile regression as a function of gestational age (GA) interval or head circumference (HC). Differences between sex were evaluated.ResultsThe measurement of CSP significantly increased with gestation and HC. Linear models better described the changes of CSP with GA and HC. The fits of CSP width with GA and HC were not significantly different. Male fetuses showed significantly higher CSP width when compared to female fetuses (u = 2.973; p = 0.005).ConclusionsWe generated prospective nomograms of fetal CSP development using quantile regression and following a strict standardized methodology. These new charts may be useful to better identify abnormal cases at higher risk of associated anomalies. Further our findings underline the potential effect of gender in developing fetal brain.
Depletion of soluble cytokines unlocks the immunomodulatory bioactivity of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Roux Quentin , Boiy Robin , De Vuyst Felix , Tkach Mercedes , Pinheiro Claudio , de Geyter Sofie , Miinalainen Ilkka , Théry Clotilde , De Wever Olivier , Hendrix An 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite an enormous interest in understanding the bioactivity of extracellular vesicles (EV) in physiology and disease for the development of therapeutic applications, the impact of EV preparation methods remains minimally explored. In this study, we implemented density gradient ultracentrifugation combined with size‐exclusion chromatography (DG‐SEC), differential ultracentrifugation (dUC) and/or stand‐alone SEC (sSEC) to fractionate media conditioned by different cancer cells and/or cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF). EV‐enriched but protein‐depleted versus EV‐depleted but protein‐enriched DG‐SEC fractions, and EV‐containing dUC and sSEC preparations were quality controlled for particle number, protein concentration, selected protein composition and ultrastructure, characterized for their cytokine content, and dose‐dependently evaluated for monocyte‐derived dendritic cell (MoDC) maturation by measuring surface marker expression and/or cytokine secretion. EV preparations obtained by DG‐SEC from media conditioned by different cancer cell lines or CAF, were depleted from soluble immune suppressive cytokines such as VEGF‐A and MCP‐1 and potently stimulated MoDC maturation. In contrast, EV‐containing dUC or sSEC preparations were not depleted from these soluble cytokines and were unable to mature MoDC. Subsequent processing of dUC EV preparations by SEC dose‐dependently restored the immunomodulatory bioactivity. Overall, our results demonstrate that method‐dependent off‐target enrichment of soluble cytokines has implications for the study of EV immunomodulatory bioactivity and warrants careful consideration.
Mapping policy agenda in international development: Reflections on OECD Development Centre Working Papers from 1990 to 2017
Authors: Jeong Bok Gyo , An Seongho , Shin Geiguen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examines the pattern of central policy agendas discussed in international development over the last three decades. It highlights the predominant countries and issues by examining the theme‐based periodicals of a leading international development agency. It analyses the visibility of countries and identifies main topics by examining the OECD Development Centre Working Papers. Findings indicate that certain topics (e.g., market, economy, finance, trade) have been consistently covered, while some policy issues have been highlighted in specific periods. This study also finds that the OECD's people‐ and planet‐centred approach has been reflected in its key reports and documents.
Recent Advance in the Development of Singlet−Fission−Capable Polymeric Materials
Authors: Wang Kangwei , Chen Xingyu , Xu Jingwen , Peng Shaoqian , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSinglet fission (SF) is a spin–allowed process in which a higher–energy singlet exciton is converted into two lower‐energy triplet excitons via a triplet pair intermediate state. Implementing SF in photovoltaic devices holds the potential to exceed the Shockley–Queisser limit of conventional single‐junction solar cells. Although great progress has been made in exploiting the underlying mechanism of SF over the past decades, the scope of materials capable of SF, particularly polymeric materials, remains poor. SF–capable polymer is one of the most potential candidates in the implementation of SF into devices due to their distinct superiorities in flexibility, solution processability and self‐assembly behavior. Notably, recent advancements have demonstrated high‐performance SF in isolated donor‐acceptor (D‐A) copolymer chains. This review provides an overview of recent progress in the development of SF‐capable polymeric materials, with a significant focus on elucidating the mechanisms of SF in polymers and optimizing the design strategies for SF‐capable polymers. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges encountered in this field and presents future perspectives. It is expected that this comprehensive review will offer valuable insights into the design of novel SF‐capable polymeric materials, further advancing the potential for SF implementation in photovoltaic devices.
Marginal Distributions at the Tip of a Grafted Stiff Polymer: Analytical and Monte Carlo Investigations
Authors: Yao Jinzhi , Xu Yan , Zhou Jianping , Li Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the marginal distributions of grafted stiff polymer tips in a 2D embedding space using both analytical methods and Monte Carlo simulations. By mapping active Brownian particle (ABP) trajectories in the short‐time regime, analytical expressions for the elongation of the free end of the polymer under horizontal and vertical forces are derived and these expressions are validated using Monte Carlo simulations. These results indicate that the theoretical predictions match well with the simulation results when the chain length is short or the force is large. However, a slight discrepancy is observed between the theoretical and simulation results when the chain is extremely long, although the qualitative asymptotic results remain valid. Additionally, expressions are provided for the horizontal and vertical force versus displacement for the wormlike chain under the weakly bending approximation. This research provides insights into how the trajectories of an ABP correspond to the equilibrium configuration of a semiflexible polymer. These findings have potential applications in various fields, including biophysics and materials science, where understanding the behavior of grafted polymers is crucial.
Mutation spectrum of retinoblastoma patients in Vietnam
Authors: Linh Dao Nguyen Ha , Van Huy Nguyen , Nguyen Phuoc‐Dung , Le Thi Phuong , Tuan Hoang Anh , Van Nguyen Trong , Tran Thu Ha , Tran Hai Anh , Ta Thanh Dat , Pham Tuan L. A. , Bui The‐Hung , Tran Thinh Huy , Van Ta Thanh , Tran Van‐Khanh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundRetinoblastoma (RB), an intraocular malignancy commonly diagnosed in children, is mostly caused by inactivating mutations of both alleles of the RB1 gene. Early genetic screening for RB1 gene mutations would greatly improve treatment outcomes and patient management.MethodsIn this study, both somatic and germline mutations were detected in blood and tumour samples of 42 RB patients using direct sequencing and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification.ResultsIn total, 34 different mutations were found in 36 patients, including 1 SNP, 4 large deletions, 5 splicing sites, 1 missense, 7 frameshifts and 17 nonsense mutations. There were five novel mutations and one unreported which have not been found in large databases such as Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD) and ClinVar.ConclusionA higher rate of RB patients carrying heterozygous germline mutation and highly prevalent with pathogenic truncated mutation, hence, early detection of RB is essential for vision salvation and genetic counselling.
Design, construction, and preliminary hydraulic evaluation of a model rock ramp fishway
Authors: Swarr Tyler R. , Fitzpatrick Ryan M. , Myrick Christopher A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
New fish passage structures are frequently designed using information gained from existing structures, particularly those that have been shown to allow passage of the target species. However, this process rarely involves a preinstallation design and testing phase. Developing an apparatus that allows rapid and relatively low-cost testing of potential fish passage structure designs prior to field installations could reduce the reliance on a “build it, monitor it, does it work?” approach.

Methods
To meet this need, we developed an indoor research flume at Colorado State University’s Foothills Fisheries Laboratory that housed a full-scale experimental rock ramp fishway.

Result
The slope of the flume can be adjusted (0–10%) and integrates a set of four PIT tag antennas to allow fine-resolution tracking of fish movements in the fishway. The flume can deliver variable flows (up to 0.082 m3/s) of 9–25°C water. Lessons learned during the design, construction, and initial operation of the flume are presented here.

Conclusion
The basic system could be adapted for similar studies in other regions and provides a robust and flexible infrastructure that could be modified for other evaluations of instream structures in lotic systems.
Spatial and temporal overlap between hatchery- and natural-origin steelhead and Chinook Salmon during spawning in the Klickitat River, Washington, USA
Authors: Zendt Joseph S. , Allen M. Brady , Kock Tobias J. , Perry Russell W. , Pope Adam C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
A goal of many segregated salmonid hatchery programs is to minimize potential interbreeding between hatchery- and natural-origin fish. Our objective was to assess this on the Klickitat River, Washington, USA.

Methods
We used radiotelemetry to evaluate spatiotemporal spawning overlap between hatchery- and natural-origin steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss and spring Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha. We estimated percentages of tagged fish that spawned naturally in the Klickitat River subbasin, emigrated from the Klickitat River, or died before spawning. A kernel density analysis was used to estimate probability of spatiotemporal overlap between hatchery- and natural-origin spawners.

Result
For steelhead, 12% of hatchery-origin and 50% of natural-origin fish spawned naturally. For spring Chinook Salmon, 18% of hatchery-origin and 44% of natural-origin fish spawned naturally. Tag loss may result in underestimates in these percentages. Most hatchery-origin steelhead (90%) spawned downstream of river kilometer (rkm) 32, and 75% spawned from November to mid-March. The majority of natural-origin steelhead (64%) spawned upstream of rkm 32, and 75% spawned from mid-March to late May. Spawn timing of hatchery-origin Chinook Salmon (early August to mid-September) overlapped with that of natural-origin Chinook Salmon (late July to late September), and fish of both origins spawned in the same 30-km reach of the river. We estimated the percentage of hatchery-origin spawners (pHOS) on the natural spawning grounds to be 12% for steelhead and 40% for spring Chinook Salmon across all study years. For steelhead, we estimated the overlap probability to be 25% (95% CI = 22.5–28%). For spring Chinook Salmon, tight spatial clustering of hatchery-origin fish resulted in a lower overlap estimate of 21% (13–31%).

Conclusion
We suggest adjusting pHOS estimates using these overlap estimates or similar spatiotemporal data on actual spawner proximity and possible interactions, and that these types of analyses be used in conjunction with gene flow analysis to accurately evaluate effects of individual hatchery programs.
Dynamic fronto‐amygdalar interactions underlying emotion‐regulation deficits in women at higher weight
Authors: Maturana‐Quijada Pablo , Steward Trevor , Vilarrasa Nuria , Miranda‐Olivos Romina , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Carey Holly J. , Fernández‐Formoso José‐Antonio , Guerrero‐Perez Fernando , Sánchez Isabel , Custal Nuria , Virgili Nuria , Lopez‐Urdiales Rafael , Soriano‐Mas Carles , Fernandez‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe regulation of negative emotions entails the modulation of subcortical regions, such as the amygdala, by prefrontal regions. There is preliminary evidence suggesting that individuals at higher weight may present with hypoactivity in prefrontal regulatory systems during emotional regulation, although the directionality of these pathways has not been tested. In this study, we compared fronto‐amygdalar effective connectivity during cognitive reappraisal as a function of BMI in 48 adult women with obesity and 54 control participants.MethodsDynamic causal modeling and parametric empirical Bayes were used to map effective connectivity between the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the amygdala.ResultsDifficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale scores were higher in the obesity group compared with control participants (p < 0.001). A top‐down cortical model best explained our functional magnetic resonance imaging data (posterior probability = 86%). Participants at higher BMI were less effective at inhibiting activity in the amygdala via the orbitofrontal cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during reappraisal compared with those at lower BMI. In contrast, increased excitatory modulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex‐to‐amygdalar connectivity was found in participants at lower BMI.ConclusionsThese findings support a framework involving alterations in fronto‐amygdalar connectivity contributing to difficulties in regulating negative affect in individuals at higher weight.
If you build it, they will come: Coastal amenities facilitate human engagement in marine protected areas
Authors: Free Christopher M. , Smith Joshua G. , Lopazanski Cori J. , Brun Julien , Francis Tessa B. , Eurich Jacob G. , Claudet Joachim , Dugan Jenifer E. , Gill David A. , Hamilton Scott L. , Kaschner Kristin , Mouillot David , Ziegler Shelby L. , Caselle Jennifer E. , Nickols Kerry J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Calls for using marine protected areas (MPAs) to achieve goals for nature and people are increasing globally. While the conservation and fisheries impacts of MPAs have been comparatively well‐studied, impacts on other dimensions of human use have received less attention. Understanding how humans engage with MPAs and identifying traits of MPAs that promote engagement is critical to designing MPA networks that achieve multiple goals effectively, equitably and with minimal environmental impact.

In this paper, we characterize human engagement in California's MPA network, the world's largest MPA network scientifically designed to function as a coherent network (124 MPAs spanning 16% of state waters and 1300 km of coastline) and identify traits associated with higher human engagement. We assemble and compare diverse indicators of human engagement that capture recreational, educational and scientific activities across California's MPAs.

We find that human engagement is correlated with nearby population density and that site “charisma” can expand human engagement beyond what would be predicted based on population density alone. Charismatic MPAs tend to be located near tourist destinations, have long sandy beaches and be adjacent to state parks and associated amenities. In contrast, underutilized MPAs were often more remote and lacked both sandy beaches and parking lot access.

Synthesis and applications: These results suggest that achieving MPA goals associated with human engagement can be promoted by developing land‐based amenities that increase access to coastal MPAs or by locating new MPAs near existing amenities during the design phase. Alternatively, human engagement can be limited by locating MPAs in areas far from population centres, coastal amenities or sandy beaches. Furthermore, managers may want to prioritize monitoring, enforcement, education and outreach programmes in MPAs with traits that predict high human engagement. Understanding the extent to which human engagement impacts the conservation performance of MPAs is a critical next step to designing MPAs that minimize tradeoffs among potentially competing objectives.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Cover Image
Authors: Zeng Bowen , Yang Jinlong , Hang Ziyan , Fan Yucheng , Feng Chuang , Yang Jie 
Published: August 2023

The cover1 image is based on the Research Article High pyroelectric performances of graphene nanoplatelet reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride composite film by Bowen Zeng et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27480.image
Back Cover Image
Authors: He Yuanping , Lin Bin , Wang Yaohua , Zhao Feifei , Ning Guochen , Bao Xuan , Sui Tianyi 
Published: August 2023

The cover4 image is based on the Research Article Effect of homologous molecular crosslinking on the tribological properties of PTFE composites by Yuanping He et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27479.image
A Bayesian deep learning pipeline for lithium‐ion battery SOH estimation with uncertainty quantification
Authors: Ke Yuqi , Long Mingzhu , Yang Fangfang , Peng Weiwen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, deep learning (DL) methods for state of health (SOH) estimation of lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) batteries have attracted great attention. However, most existing DL‐based methods for SOH estimation were designed using specific battery dataset. To gain better performance, the procedure can be labor‐intensive, involving designing intricate features and fine‐tuning complex DL model, which significantly limits the applications of these methods. Moreover, uncertainty quantification, that is how much uncertainty these DL‐based methods can have on their SOH estimation, cannot be addressed with only point estimation. To this end, this paper proposes a Bayesian DL pipeline for Li‐ion battery SOH estimation targeting at automatic feature extraction and uncertainty‐aware DL‐model developing for general application to batteries under different working conditions. The proposed pipeline is composed of three modules accounting for common feature extraction, automatic feature selection, and Bayesian neural network (BNN) model construction. Specifically, a frequently‐used feature set is designed using the voltage, current and time data of constant current and constant voltage (CC‐CV) charging mode, while the recursive feature elimination (RFE) with cross validation (RFECV) algorithm is used to automatically select features based on relevance. Based on the automatically selected features, DL model is automatically constructed without too much human intervention. The uncertainty of SOH estimation is quantified by BNN model using Monte Carlo (MC) dropout method, which is subsequently used to calculate the confidence of the estimation results. Four battery datasets, covering regular charging, fast charging, and second‐use applications, are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. The proposed pipeline shows superior performance to state‐of‐art DL‐based methods in terms of application capability to different working conditions and uncertainty quantification for SOH estimation.
Reliability modeling for dependent competing failure processes considering random cycle times
Authors: Lyu Hao , Lu Bing , Xie Hualong , Qu Hongchen , Yang Zaiyou , Ma Li , Jiang Yuliang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel model is proposed for the reliability analysis of systems subjected to dependent competing failure processes at random cycle times. The model takes into account the effect of random cycle time on degradation rate and hard failure threshold. Random cycle time is the time required for the system to complete a run. With the continuous operation of the system in a period of cycle time, the degradation rate of the system is accelerated, and its resistance to random shocks is decreased, so the degradation rate and hard failure threshold are supposed to vary with the number of cycles. When the overall degradation exceeds the soft failure threshold, soft failure is triggered. When the shock magnitude is larger than the hard failure threshold, hard failure occurs. Combined with the stress‐strength interference model, the reliability function of the system is derived. Finally, a Micro‐Electro‐Mechanical System is used to verify the validity of the proposed model. The validity of the model is demonstrated by sensitivity analysis.
A planar quadrupole device for transmitting and trapping ions in high vacuum
Authors: Park Sung‐Gun , Mohr Jared P. , Anderson Gordon A. , Bruce James E. 
Published: August 2023

RationaleHybrid mass spectrometers combine multiple mass analyzers to achieve optimal performance in terms of tandem mass spectrometry, high mass resolving power, and mass measurement accuracy for studying highly complex samples. As a result, the need for transport, trapping, and control of ion kinetic energies is critical for the successful integration of multiple mass analyzers and hybrid instrument operation. In addition, transportation of ion populations between two physically distinct locations can result in time‐of‐flight (TOF) discrimination against ions with widely disparate m/z values, compromising full mass spectral performance. In this work, we demonstrated a new ion guide, referred to as a planar quadrupole (PQ) ion guide, composed of two parallel printed circuit boards (PCB) that allow radiofrequency (RF) and direct current (DC) voltages to be combined to enable both axial transport and trapping of ion populations in the ultrahigh vacuum region of the mass spectrometer. As compared with a conventional multipole ion guide, the PQ ion guide showed comparable performance in ion m/z values, signal‐to‐noise, and intensity and effectively reduced mass discrimination caused by TOF effects.MethodsA PQ device was developed with two PCBs and simulated with SIMION 8.1. Electrospray ionization and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry instrumentation were used for the testing of PQ performance.Results.In this work, we demonstrated a planar quadrupole (PQ) ion guide composed of two parallel PCB plates. The PQ enables both axial ion transport and trapping of ion populations throughout the ion transfer process from a LTQ to an ICR cell. As compared with a conventional multipole ion guide, the PQ showed comparable ion transmission efficiency and effectively reduced mass discrimination caused by TOF effects.ConclusionsThe PQ is a simple design that can be implemented for ion transmission and trapping on virtually any mass spectrometer.