bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS PJBL SEBAGAI PEMBELAJARAN BERMAKNA
Authors: Kurnisar Kurnisar , Waluyati Sri Artati , Sulkipani Sulkipani , Mariyani Mariyani 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis PjBL sebagai pembelajaran bermakna. metode penelitian ini jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Reaserch and Development) yang mengacu pada R & D Cycle Borg and Gall yang telah di modifikasi menjadi tiga tahap yaitu studi pendahuluan, pengembangan produk dan uji coba produk. Adapun responden dari penelitian ini ialah dosen ahli Bahasa yang merupakan dosen pengampuh mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia dan juga 48 mahasiswa dalam tahap uji coba baik one to one, small group dan field evaluation. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif. Angket yang berkaitan dengan validitas produk juga dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil diperoleh bahwa setelah 2 kali dilakukan uji validasi dan revisi sesuai saran dari validator maka bahan ajar berbasis PjBL ini diperoleh rata-rata 87,5 yang berarti valid tanpa dilakukan lagi revisi. Pada tahap uji coba juga diperoleh hasil tahap perorangan (one to one) diperoleh 70% dalam kategori baik. Kedua uji kelompok kecil (small group) yaitu sebesar 78% dan jika dikonversikan juga menjadi baik. Ketiga Uji Lapangan (field evaluation) mendapatkan hasil 86% dengan sangat baik.
Psychosocial Adaptation Model on Tuberculosis Clients Using Uncertainty in Illness Theory Approach in Jember
Authors: Anita Fatarona  , Soedarsono Soedarsono , Hidayati Laily 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease that has a psychosocial impact on the sufferer. The government program, is still applicable to the treatment and transmission of disease. Objective: This study was to structural models of psychosocial adaptation in patients with tuberculosis (TB) who underwent treatment using the theory of uncertainty in the disease at Jember Health Centre. Methods: The research is included in the explanative survey method using a cross sectional approach. Samples were taken according to the inclusion criteria of 100 respondents. Sampling using simple random sampling technique. The independent variables in this study, among other: sex, age, marital status, duration of treatment, knowledge, expectations, ethnicity, stigma, occupation, family support, communication, education, uncertainty, coping and psychosocial adaptation. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Results: The result of the research showed that: cognitive factor gave significant effect to uncertainty (t statistic 2,686 >1,6), psychological factor did not give significant effect to uncertainty(t statistic 0, 418 <1,6), social factor gave significant influence to uncertainty (t statistic 7, 496 >1,6), factor uncertainty has a significant effect on coping(t statistic 5,572 >1,6), Coping factors have an effect on psychosocial adaptation(t statistic 7, 911 >1,6). This study cognitive knowledge has a direct influence on uncertainty. uncertainty decreases because the knowledge of TB clients increases. TB clients understanding of the information provided by health workers can reduce the worries and confusion. Conclusion: This psychosocial adaptation nursing model has good predictive relevance.
"منهج الشيخ العلامة عبد الرحمن المعلمي في نقد مرويات كتابة الحديث من خلال كتابه "الأنوار الكاشفة على ما في كتاب أضواء على السنة من الخلل والتضليل والمجازفة
Authors: Zulfahmi Salman , Kosasih Engkos , Nurlaela Neni 
Published: January 2023

هذا البحث تكلم في منهج العلامة عبد الرحمن المعلمي في نقد مرويات كتابة الحديث المذكورة في كتاب الأنوار الكاشفة. والمنهج الذي سار عليه البحث هو المنهج الكيفي التحليلي مع التقريب الوصفي وللحصول على مواد البحث فإنه يعتمد على تتبع ومطالعة المصادر والمراجع المكتوبة فهو يعد دراسة مكتبية. وأما موضوع البحث فهو يتجه إلى الكشف عن منهج الشيخ في النقد بالنظر في تعقيبات وتعليقات الشيخ المعلمي على مرويات كتابة الحديث المذكورة في الأنوار الكاشفة. ونتيجة البحث أن الشيخ استخدم مناهج متنوعة في النقد وهي تتلخص في نقاط: أنه بدأ بمقدمة تبين كيفية حفظ الله السنة مع قلة الكتابة عصر التنزيل قبل نقد المرويات وأنه قام بنقد المرويات سندا ومتنا وأنه استخدم في تعريف حالة السند مناهج هي نقد الرواة من حيث العدالة والضبط ونقد السند من جهة الاتصال وعدمه والمقارنة بين الطرق وفي نقد المتن أنه استخدم طريقة الافتراض وأنه انتقد المرويات بعرض بعضها بعضا وبالنظر إلى الواقع التاريخي. واعتمد كثيرا في النقد على أقوال الأئمة. فبهذا المنهج استطاع الشيخ المعلمي حل مشكلات قد تظهر في مرويات كتابة الحديث فالجدير بالاهتمام به أن يسلك مسلكه عند مواجهة المسائل الحديثية كأمثالها.
Simplificación Administrativa y calidad de servicio en municipios locales y provinciales del Perú: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Flores Yallico Carmen Pilar , Alberto Bueno Dr. Ramón Osorio, , Flores Yallico , Gennma Lucila , Capcha Cóndor John Carlos , Ubillús Farfán Segundo Williams 
Published: January 2023

En el presente estudio se tuvo como objetivo evaluar el proceso de Simplificación Administrativa y la calidad de servicio en municipios locales y provinciales del Perú. El estudio fue de enfoque cualitativo, de tipo básico y de diseño fenomenológico. Se trabajó con 10 artículos científicos recopilados de bases de datos indexadas, empleando la técnica del análisis documental. Los resultados evidenciaron que la simplificación administrativa en los municipios distritales y provinciales del Perú no ha sido del todo implementada y falta mejorar aspectos relacionados con las plataformas digitales, capacitación del personal, entre otros. Además, se percibió una calidad de servicio media por parte de los usuarios, por factores como la demora en los trámites, las instalaciones inadecuadas, el trato del personal con los usuarios. Respecto a las alternativas propuestas para mejorar la simplificación administrativa y la calidad de servicio se destacó la incorporación de tecnología de la información, y la creación de modelos y estrategias de gestión municipal local, la asistencia técnica y capacitación constante al personal municipal. Se concluye que es importante mejorar la simplificación administrativa si se desea mejorar la calidad de servicio en las municipalidades.
La gamificación como estrategia de enseñanza y las habilidades sociales en estudiantes de enfermería en una universidad privada de Lima
Authors: Ramos Morales Diana Valeria 
Published: January 2023

El objetivo principal fue determinar el grado de relación entre la gamificación como estrategia de enseñanza y las habilidades sociales en estudiantes de enfermería en una universidad privada de Lima. La metodología de investigación corresponde a un diseño no experimental de corte transversal, de tipo descriptivo y correlacional. La población fue de 100 estudiantes de enfermería y se obtuvo una muestra de 91 estudiantes a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario para medir el nivel de gamificación y de habilidades sociales. Las preguntas del cuestionario fueron validadas por juicio de expertos. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la gamificación es aplicada en niveles medios (40%) y bajos (30%) a los estudiantes ,en relación con las habilidades sociales, se pudo determinar que el 33% de los estudiantes las desarrollan en niveles altos; mientras que el 37% en niveles medios, mientras que un significativo 30% en niveles bajos. Finalmente se concluyó que la gamificación no es independiente del nivel de las habilidades sociales de los estudiantes, y que, si bien su relación es directa, se mantiene baja (rs = 0,261. En cuanto a la gamificación y las dimensiones de las habilidades sociales, tan sólo guardan relación la comunicación y la toma de decisiones.
Host Response to Tumor-Associated Fetal Antigens
Authors: Salinas F. A. , Hanna M. G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We have evaluated the contribution of the host response with respect to transplantation immunity to tumor-associated fetal antigens by a colony-forming unit technique with fetal liver test cells as the source of fetal colony-forming units (FCFU). To measure host immunity we evaluated the effect of immunization with tumor cells on the development of fetal colonies in spleens of immunized, irradiated recipients. It could be demonstrated that immunization with syngeneic (plasmacytoma, MSV-BALB/3T3), allogeneic (EL4), or xenogeneic (SV40 hamster) tumor cells was capable of generating a host response in BALB/c recipients that was at least cytostatic to adoptively transplanted fetal liver cells.
In an in vitro modification of the FCFU assay, fetal liver cells were first incubated with serum from mice hyperimmunized with fetal liver cells or plasmacytoma cells and then transplanted into irradiated recipients. Colony-forming ability was reduced in both cases, indicating that humoral antibody is an effective component in the host response to tumor-associated fetal antigens. A marked suppression of FCFU was also observed with transplanted fetal liver cells that had been incubated with sensitized lymphocytes (lymphocytes from mice immunized with fetal liver cells or plasmacytoma cells).
Maternal immunity to transplanted syngeneic fetal liver cells was also evaluated by the in vivo FCFU assay. A strong, short-lived postpartal immunity was seen in primiparous females; a weak immunity was seen after second litters but was detectable only several weeks postpartum; and a strong immunity, which increased as a function of time, was seen after five or more litters.
Limit-dilution analysis of weak influenza-immune T cell responses associated with H-2Kb and H-2Db.
Authors: Allouche M , Owen J A , Doherty P C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A limiting-dilution analysis has been made of influenza-immune cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response patterns associated with H-2Kb and H-2Dd in the B10.A(5R), and H-2Kk and H-2Db in the B10.A(2R) and B10.A(4R) recombinant mouse strains. In previous in vivo experiments the H-2Kb allele has been shown to be associated with low responsiveness or nonresponsiveness, whereas Db-restricted influenza-specific responses were found to be weak in recombinant strains that possessed the Kk allele. Influenza-immune CTL restricted to the more "dominant" H-2Dd and H-2Kk alleles were found consistently when primed T cells were restimulated in vitro under limiting-dilution conditions. Precursors were present at frequencies of at least twice background levels (lysis of normal targets) in the great majority of experiments, performed with or without added helper factors. The H-2Kb- and H-2Db-restricted responses were much more variable and, for H-2Kb but not for H-2Db, were completely absent when the culture medium did not contain added interleukin preparations. Even so, experiments in which individual microcultures were tested on more than one target demonstrated conclusively both that H-2Kb-restricted CTL can be generated under limiting-dilution conditions and that most, if not all, of these T cells do not cross-react with influenza virus presented in the context of H-2Dd. The characteristics of these "weak" responses are thus that they are more help dependent and show evidence of greater variability between individual mice than the "dominant" CTL clones do.
Role of syngeneic Ia+ accessory cells in the generation of allospecific CTL responses.
Authors: Weinberger O , Germain R N , Springer T , Burakoff S J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Under conditions in which antigen dose is suboptimal, the recognition of Ia determinants is a necessary component of the generation of allospecific CTL responses. With monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies used as blocking reagents, it is demonstrated that the recognition of alloantigens may proceed via two pathways. Alloantigens can be recognized in the context of syngeneic Ia determinants in a similar fashion to conventional antigens. If, however, the Ia+ cells are removed from the responder population, the generation of such responses involves the recognition of allogeneic Ia determinants directly. A non-T, non-B, adherent accessory cell was identified as the critical syngeneic Ia+ cell required for CTL responses in these cultures.
Studies on the clonal origin of human B cell leukemia using monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies.
Authors: Mayumi M , Kubagawa H , Omura G A , Gathings W E , Kearney J F , Cooper M D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The clonal origin of an IgA1 kappa B cell leukemia in a 71-year-old man (WF) was examined using a monoclonal anti-Id antibody and a panel of monoclonal anti-VH antibodies. Immunofluorescent studies revealed that all surface IgA1 kappa + leukemic cells in WF's blood and 10% of the IgM+ B cells in his bone marrow expressed the WF Id. Three percent of the IgA1 kappa + leukemic cells in blood also expressed gamma-chains in their cytoplasm. Approximately 0.1%, 1%, and 10% of bone marrow mononuclear cells, respectively, expressed mu-chains, gamma-chains, and alpha-chains in their cytoplasm, but no detectable light chains or surface immunoglobulins. These mu, gamma, and alpha-positive cells had the convoluted nucleus and narrow cytoplasm characteristic of normal mu+ pre-B cells. Sequential isotype switching among this unusual pre-B population was indicated by co-expression of mu-chains and alpha-chains by 11% and 63%, respectively, of the gamma pre-B cells. These pre-B cells and the surface alpha-chains and cytoplasmic gamma-chains of the leukemic B cells were reactive with one of four monoclonal anti-VH antibodies. The data suggest malignant transformation of the clone before isotype switching, and also imply light chain precommitment at the pre-B cell level of differentiation.
Target specificity and cell surface structures involved in the human cytolytic T lymphocyte response to endothelial cells.
Authors: Clayberger C , Uyehara T , Hardy B , Eaton J , Karasek M , Krensky A M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Two long-term cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of a single donor were analyzed for target specificity and involvement of cell surface molecules in CTL-target interactions. One line, AH2, was generated after stimulation with B lymphoblastoid cells. Cytolysis by these cells was restricted to targets expressing the appropriate HLA-A2 specificity and was blocked by mAb recognizing CD2, CD3, CD8, LFA-1, and LFA-3. The second line, AE1, was generated after stimulation with cultured endothelial cells derived from human newborn preputial microvessels. These CTL lysed all human target cells tested, except autologous cells and the Class I negative cell line Daudi. In addition, mAb specific for CD2, CD3, and CD8 did not affect cytolysis. Anti-LFA-1 and -LFA-3 mAb blocked cytolysis of B lymphoblastoid targets but not endothelial targets. These results indicate that some CTL utilize as yet uncharacterized cell surface structures for CTL-target interactions.
Lymphocyte recognition of lymph node high endothelium. VII. Cell surface proteins involved in adhesion defined by monoclonal anti-HEBFLN (A.11) antibody.
Authors: Rasmussen R A , Chin Y H , Woodruff J J , Easton T G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lymphocyte entry into lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer's patches (PP) occurs specifically at high endothelial cell venules (HEV). We previously isolated a high endothelial binding factor (HEBFLN) from rat lymph that blocked the lymphocyte binding sites of HEVLN but not HEVPP. In this study, mouse monoclonal anti-HEBFLN antibody (A.11) was used to investigate rat lymphocyte surface structures mediating adhesion to high endothelium. The A.11 antigen was expressed on the majority of thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL), spleen, LN, PP cells, but was only detected on few (1 to 10%) thymus and bone marrow cells (indirect immunofluorescence). The treatment of TDL with the A.11 IgG blocked their ability to bind to HEVLN. This effect was specific, inasmuch as A.11 antibody did not block lymphocyte binding to HEVPP, and an anti-leukocyte-common antigen monoclonal antibody, OX1, did not block lymphocyte binding to HEVLN. In addition, the A.11 antigen isolated from the lymph and detergent lysates of TDL by antibody affinity chromatography had the capacity to block the lymphocyte binding sites of HEVLN but not HEVPP. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that the A.11 antibody recognized the radioiodinated surface membrane proteins of TDL and TDL-derived T cells and B cells, which resolved with SDS-PAGE autoradiography into three polypeptides with relative m.w. of approximately 135,000, 63,000, and 40,000. We conclude that the A.11 antigen is a component of the lymphocyte surface recognition structure that mediates adhesion to high endothelial cells of rat peripheral lymph nodes.
Specificity of the T cell receptor: two different determinants are generated by the same peptide and the I-Ak molecule.
Authors: Allen P M , Matsueda G R , Haber E , Unanue E R 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The determinants recognized by two I-Ak-restricted hen egg-white lysozyme-specific T cell hybridomas were differentiated with a series of truncated or substituted peptides. The 10mer 52-61 was the smallest peptide that was immunogenic for both T cells. This peptide differed by a single residue, Leu56, from the corresponding autologous lysozyme peptide, which was nonimmunogenic. The addition of amino acids to the amino terminus of 52-61 increased the immunogenicity of the peptides for 3A9 T cells and decreased the immunogenicity for 2A11 T cells. By deleting or diiodinating Tyr53, the resulting peptides were rendered totally nonimmunogenic. In contrast, the 3-NO2-Tyr derivative was fully immunogenic for the 3A9 cells but completely nonimmunogenic for the 2A11 cells. Thus, two different, but very similar, determinants were generated by the same HEL peptide and the I-Ak molecule.
Analysis of T cell activation requirements with the use of alloantigens or an anti-clonotypic monoclonal antibody.
Authors: Hua C , Boyer C , Guimezanes A , Albert F , Schmitt-Verhulst A M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
H-2Kb-specific alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones, which secrete macrophage-activating factor (MAF) in response to antigen, were used to study the antigenic and physiologic parameters for T cell-antigen receptor (Ti)-mediated activation. When H-2Kb was presented on untreated, formaldehyde (FOR)-fixed cells, or liposomes, optimal stimulation in the absence of co-factors was obtained only with the untreated cells. FOR cells, which were efficient inhibitors of CTL-target cell interactions for the CTL clones studied, had a greatly reduced activating capacity. Phorbol myristic acetate (PMA), which alone had no activating effect on the CTL clones, acted in synergy with FOR cells, restoring an unimpaired H-2Kb-dependent activation for some CTL clones. H-2Kb-liposomes were not stimulatory even in the presence of PMA and/or splenic feeder cells. For one H-2Kb-specific CTL clone (KB5-C20), activation was studied with the use of an anti-clonotypic (anti-Ti) monoclonal antibody (mAb), Désiré-1. By using this immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a mAb or its F(ab')2 or Fab fragments, it was observed that the association constant of the IgG2a (4.7 X 10(9) M-1) for KB5-C20 was 30-fold higher than that of the Fab fragment, whereas the molar concentration of mAb required to inhibit 50% of the H-2Kb-specific CTL activity of clone KB5-C20 was 70-fold to 90-fold higher for the Fab fragment than for the IgG2a (1 to 5 X 10(-10) M). It was also observed that activation as measured by MAF secretion of clone KB5-C20 was obtained by using the divalent IgG2a mAb or its F(ab')2 fragment at 10(-9) M to 10(-8) M in the absence of any added co-factor or feeder cells, whereas a 500-fold higher molar concentration of the Fab fragment only induced very low levels of MAF secretion. Also, in the presence of PMA, the mAb-mediated activation of MAF secretion by clone KB5-C20 was increased, but Fab-induced activation never resulted in high titers of MAF. We conclude that the intrinsic "affinity" of the H-2Kb-Ti interaction is probably so low for the Ti of clone KB5-C20 that efficient activation by H-2Kb is obtained only when multivalency is achieved on H-2Kb-expressing cells, and possibly when molecules on the T cells such as Lyt-2 and LFA-1 stabilize the interactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A mutation in a non-MHC murine cell surface antigen detectable by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Authors: Rinchik E M , Amos D B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
During the course of screening new T-H-2 region congenic strains of mice constructed from the C57BL/6 and B6-H-2k strains, a new cell surface polymorphism, designated dtc-1, was identified by cell-mediated lympholysis techniques. The dtc-1 antigen can be found on both Con A- and LPS-stimulated lymphoblasts, peritoneal macrophages, and SV40-transformed mouse embryo fibroblasts. Lysis of dtc-1+ targets by CTL is H-2Dk restricted. All inbred strains tested are dtc-1+, with the exception of the B6-H-2k strain, which is dtc-1-, and several congenic strains directly derived from B6-H-2k. Because B6/Boy and AKR/Boy, the parents of the B6-H-2k strain, are dtc-1+, the dtc-1- phenotype may be the result of mutation in the locus specifying the cell surface molecule that carries this antigen. Segregation analysis of the dtc-1+/dtc-1- polymorphism demonstrated that this locus is not linked to T or H-2. The dtc-1 antigen thus identifies yet another cell surface polymorphism and adds another immunologically defined genetic marker to the murine genome. Furthermore, the dtc-1 system indicates the need for reevaluation and restandardization of congenic strains of mice derived from the B6-H-2k congenic strain.
Two major human allergenic sites on ragweed pollen allergen antigen E identified by using monoclonal antibodies.
Authors: Olson J R , Klapper D G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Murine monoclonal antibodies specific for antigen E (AgE), the major allergen isolated from short ragweed pollen, have been produced and characterized. These monoclonal antibodies, when coupled to Sepharose and used as immunoadsorbents, specifically bound AgE when a crude pollen extract was passed through the column. Three antigenic sites (A, B, and C) on AgE were identified by using five of these monoclonal antibodies in both inhibition and double-bind solid-phase ELISA. These three antigenic sites appear to be nonoverlapping and nonrepeated, that is, present only once on each AgE molecule. Site C on AgE could readily be bound by the monoclonal antibody specific for that site, but only when AgE was in solution or "presented" by an anti-site A or anti-site B antibody. Site C appears to be only marginally available for binding when AgE is directly adsorbed to polyvinyl chloride microtiter wells. The majority of monoclonal antibodies isolated after immunization of BALB/c mice were specific for site A on AgE. In addition, the binding to AgE of pooled BALB/c polyclonal, hyperimmune antisera against AgE was blocked approximately 80% by a monoclonal antibody directed against site A, but was only blocked approximately 20% by an anti-site B monoclonal antibody. This suggests that site A on AgE is the predominant antigenic site in the BALB/c immune response and that site B represents a less dominant site. The binding of IgE in pooled human serum from ragweed-allergic individuals is blocked approximately 50% by a monoclonal antibody directed to site A on AgE and also approximately 50% by a monoclonal antibody directed against site B. A series of individual human short ragweed allergic antisera also showed significant, although varied, inhibition of IgE binding to AgE by both anti-site A and anti-site B monoclonal antibodies. Simultaneous addition of anti-site A and anti-site B was somewhat additive and inhibited up to 80% of the binding of human IgE specific for AgE. The conclusion from these data is that site A and site B defined by two murine monoclonal antibodies represent two very major allergenic sites in the human response to this molecule.