bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Transmission of Hepatitis B Disease with Vaccination, Campaign, and Treatment
Authors: Putriani A Ika , Toaha Syamsuddin 
Published: April 2023

Hepatitis B disease is an inflammatory liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus and can cause liver cirrhosis, cancer, and liver failure. This study discusses the optimal control mathematical model of the dynamics of the spread of hepatitis B. This model consists of six population compartments, namely susceptible to infection with hepatitis B or Susceptible, Exposed, infected with acute hepatitis B or Acute Infected , infected with chronic hepatitis B or Chronic Infected, suffering from liver cirrhosis or Liver Cirrhotic, and infected who are recovering or Removed. The system is solved by using Pontryagin's minimum principle and numerically by the forward-backward sweep method. Numerical simulation of the optimal control shows that with vaccination , campaign on hepatitis B, and treatment, the spread of hepatitis B can be eradicated more quickly. The implementation large amounts of vaccination, campaign on hepatitis B, and treatment need to be carried out from the start and the proportion can be reduced until a certain time is no longer necessary. The use of controls in the form of vaccinations, campaigns on hepatitis B, and treatment needs to be carried out for a longer time to prevent the spread of hepatitis B infection.
Harmonious Labeling On Helm Graphs
Authors: Hatima Husnul , Hinding Nurdin , Nur Muh 
Published: April 2023

graph consists of two sets, namely vertices and edges , which are sets that cannot be empty. The helmet graph is obtained from graph circle with addition side pendants with notation . Something graph side is said to be harmonious if there is an injective function that produces function labeling side which will result in a different sided label. In this thesis, graphs with odd and even results will be constructed as harmonious graphs. Where for every for odd helmet graph and for even helmet graph.
Gestão da Qualidade em Bibliotecas Públicas
Authors: Palleta Francisco Carlos , Silva Joelma Alves , Augusto Marcia Silva , Silva Yara Cristina Pereira da 
Published: April 2023

Investiga as estratégias de Gestão da Qualidade utilizadas pelas unidades de informação e sua aplicabilidade em instituições de natureza pública, a partir do método de pesquisa bibliográfica. Inicialmente realiza uma caracterização da biblioteca pública,apresentando um breve histórico,bem como seus produtos e serviços.Expõe a importância da biblioteca pública na sociedade da informação, salientando seu papel fundamental para o público carente que não se enquadra seja na área de ensino, na área editorial e nem na área de pesquisa.Traça um panorama do comportamento dos usuários em bibliotecas e lista as características e barreiras da usabilidade.Apresenta os conceitos e fundamentos da Gestão da qualidade,assumindo que o conceito de qualidade reflete o objetivo comum de atingir a satisfação do cliente.Também expõe a trajetória da gestão da qualidade em unidades de informação no Brasil. Por fim, apresenta uma proposta de Gestão da Qualidade nas bibliotecas públicas brasileiras.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL FISIKA BERKONTEKS ETHNOPHYSICS PADA POKOK BAHASAN GERAK MELINGKAR
Authors: Dani Rahma , Jufrida Jufrida , Basuki Fibrika Rahmat , Nurmaliza Nurmaliza 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan e-modul fisika berkonteks ethnophysics pada pokok bahasan gerak melingkar. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Dessiminate). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMAN 7 Kota Jambi dan SMAN 9 Kota Jambi dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 30 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar observasi, lembar wawancara, lembar validasi ahli materi dan media, serta angket persepsi siswa. Jenis data yang diperoleh yaitu data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dan data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan e-modul fisika berkonteks ethnophysics pada pokok bahasan gerak melingkar. Hasil validasi oleh ahli materi diperoleh persentase sebesar 95,93% dengan kategori sangat baik, ahli media sebesar 98,33% dengan kategori sangat baik, dan hasil persepsi siswa sebesar 88,9% dengan kategori sangat baik.
ANALISIS PROBLEMATIKA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN LISTRIK DINAMIS DAN SOLUSINYA DI SMA NEGERI 4 BATANGHARI
Authors: Kurnia Melisa Bella , Sukarno Sukarno , Syefrinando Boby 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui problematika dalam proses pembelajaran listrik dinamis dan solusinya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui metode kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di SMAN 4 Batanghari. Data proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran listrik dinamis diperoleh melalui lembar observasi guru dan peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Problematika proses pembelajaran listrik dinamis di SMAN 4 Batanghari terdapat beberapa aspek yang dilihat, diantaranya problematika dari peserta didik, problematika proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran di dalam kelas, problematika sarana dan prasasara. Untuk problematika proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran didalam kelas terdapat faktor yang mempengaruhinya, yaitu ketidakaktifan peserta didik, kurangnya waktu pada saat jam pelajaran. Untuk problematika sarana dan prasarana ditinjau dari tidak adanya alat-alat praktikum di dalam laboratorium fisika, terkhusus alat untuk materi listrik dinamis, sehingga peserta didik tidak bisa melakukan praktikum. (2) Solusi problematika proses pembelajaran listrik dinamis yaitu menggunakan Media pembelajaran bebasis digital dengan menggunakan aplikasi phET. Dengan penggunakan media tersebut proses pembelajaran akan berjalan dengan baik, hal itu akan lebih mudah memahami materi dan konsep serta bisa melakukan simulasi praktikum, penggunaan media tersebut juga minim resiko apabila melakukan praktikum secara virtual.
OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AFTER TRANSPERITONEAL CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu 
Published: April 2023

Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main complications that can increase morbidity and mortality in obese women after cesarean section. Surgical site infection can be caused by endogenous or exogenous factors. This was a case of a woman, G4P3A0, 32 years, after trans-peritoneal cesarean section for indications of breech presentation; primary uterine inertia; premature rupture + 22 hours with BMI = 30.80 kg/m2. This case report discusses how obesity causes surgical site infection and its management.
HIGH DOSE VITAMIN C ADMINISTRATION EFFECT IN LEYDIG CELLS, SERTOLI CELLS NUMBER, AND SPERM QUALITY ON MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Dwi Juniatiningrum Ratna , Nasihun Taufiqurrachman , Isradji Israhnanto 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Most infertile male are associated with poor spermatogenesis due to oxidative stress, and can be prevented with vitamin C. However, excessive amount of high dose of vitamin C can hindered and lower the sperm quality. Objective: To prove that high dose vitamin C is capable to decrease the number of leydig cells, sertoli cells, and sperm quality on male wistar rats.Methods: This research was using experimental method with Post Test Only Controlled Group Design. Of 24 male Wistar rats, divided randomly to 4 groups. Normal groups (Nor -G), only given 2 ml/day distilled water; vitamin C group (VC18-G, VC36-G, and VC72-G) given 18 mg/day, 36 mg/day and 72 mg/day vitamin C respectively, dissolved in 2 ml of distilled water. Sperm, the number of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells were taken from the epididymis and left right testicle on day 21. Sperm analysis using WHO standard, while the number of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells with HE staining.Results: Mann Whitney analysis indicated that the number of sperm in VC36-G and VC72-G are lower compared to that of Nor-G and VC18-G groups, p <0.05. Post-Hoc LSD analysis showed that the lowest number of Leydig and Sertoli Cell, and the weakest sperm motility and morphology in VC36-G and VC72-G groups, compared to that of Nor-G and VC18-G groups, p <0.05 .Conclusion: Vitamin C 36 and 72 mg/day were capable of reducing Leydig and Sertoli cells number, and worsen sperm quality, characterized by decreased in sperm concentration, motility and morphology in Wistar male- rats.
Constructional Efficiency in Al_Ahwaar Traditional Architecture
Authors: Khuraibet Usama Abdul-Mun'em 
Published: April 2023

Constructional Efficiency in architecture in general is one of the most important standard success for any structure and a measure of its continuity and relevance across time and space. Given the importance of Al-Ahwaar environment that owned the spatial, environmental, economic and social elements had a prominent impact in creation of architecture patterns form to create special architectural and structural environment, which had many qualities and ingredients that contributed to its continuity and existence over the years. From the premise that man and his environment is the main goal to any architectural style,
Thus the research problem focusing on the lack of clarity of the previous literatures in its studies for the role of architectural styles in Al-Ahwaar in achieving constructional efficiency, despite the large number of studies on Al-Ahwaar architecture but it is mostly marked by non-clarity and lack in the constructional and technical aspects,
Therefore, the research goal focusing on clarification of the impact of the techniques that used in formations Al_Ahwaar traditional architecture in order to reach to the constructional efficiency in various aspects such as technical, material, economical, and expressional. Assuming that achieving to the constructional efficiency at Al-Ahwaar traditional architecture depends on its characteristics and elements that contributed to the continuity of their patterns across time.
The research depended on analytical method of a model of traditional architecture in Al-Ahwaar to reach those goals, as the study of these items aims to deepen the understanding of the designer to the requirements of each component in order to achieve integration together. These components must not conflict with each other, but it must be integrated during and after the design process until it comes out as a creative of architectural destination.
al-ahwaar architecture, constructional efficiency, technical and material aspects, constructional integration.
Studying the Improvement of the Solubility of Cellulosic Fibers
Authors: Mohammed Asem Hassan 
Published: April 2023

This study focuses for improving the increase the solubility of fiber cellulose in sodium hydroxide solution in concentrations ranging from (4- 12%), from one point of view and from other point of view in (sodium hydroxide and urea) solution concentration (6% NaOH + 4% urea), under low temperature (- 15, - 20 Co) , depending on the principle of reducing the degree of polymerization for fiber cellulose, which is represented in our tests cotton linter who its represent (Whatman filter paper, Grade 1), some samples subjected to chemical pretreatment as simulation the method of decomposition of cellulosic materials by white or brown fungi that grow on trees, this method involves the use of chemical materials, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) , oxalic acid C2H2O4 and ferrous sulfate FeSO4 to be reaction known ( Fenton reaction or Fenton's reagent) which produce free radicals helps the decomposition of cellulose fibers. The results were as follows: The solubility of cellulose fiber in sodium hydroxide solution was up to 42% cellulose and the best sodium hydroxide concentration is 8% for treated simples in Fenton solution and for untreated simples were the best solubility of cellulose fiber up to 28% and the best temperature is -20 Co for both. For the solubility of cellulose fibers in sodium hydroxide and urea solution (6% NaOH + 4% urea) was more than 60% of treated cellulose in Fenton reaction , while for untreated cellulose was the best solubility ratio up to 35% and it was the best temperature - 15 Co
Optimization of Dye Removal Using Waste Natural Material and Polymer Particles
Authors: Kadhim Bashar J. , Kamel Afraa H. , Ahmed Bashir 
Published: April 2023

In this paper waste natural material (date seed) and polymer particles(UF) were used for investigation of removal dye of the potassium permanganate. Also study effect some variables such as pH, dye concentration and adsorbent concentration on dye removal. 15 experimental runs were done using the itemized conditions designed established on the Box-Wilson design employed to optimize dye removal. The optimum conditions for the dye removal were found: (pH) 12, (dye con.) 2.38 ppm, (adsorbant con.) 0.0816 gm for date seed with 95.22% removal and for UF (pH) 12, (dye con.) 18 ppm, (adsorbant con.) 0.2235 gm with 91.43%. The value of R-square was 85.47% for Date seed and (88.77%) for UF.
Geochemical features of HC- occurrence in carbonates of the Minyar formation of the Upper Riphean, Bashkir Meganticlinorium, Southern Urals
Authors: Gorozhanin Valery Michailovich 
Published: April 2023

The results of a geochemical study of organic matter found in carbonate deposits of a typical section of the Minyar formation of the Upper Riphean, exposed within the Karatau structural complex in the western part of the Bashkir meganticlinorium, are presented.
Analytical methods of gas chromatography and chromato-mass spectrometry in extracted hydrocarbons have been used to diagnose diamantanes, alkanes and specific biomarkers – tricyclic terpanes, gopanes and steranes. The thermal maturity corresponding to the upper part of the oil window is determined by the diamantanes. The quantitative ratios of other hydrocarbons strongly depend on the facies nature of carbonates – in thin-layered lagoon carbonates, where there are significantly more of them, they are recognized as autochthonous, in the stromatolite bioherm located next to them, light alkanes were lost, organic matter was probably subject to consedimentary biodegradation due to periodic subaeral exposure. Dibenzothiophene, an organosulfur biomarker, was also found in organic matter, which can be used to assess the content of sulfates in the sedimentation basin. The concentration of dibenzothiophene is significantly higher than the concentrations in the occurrence of hydrocarbons in Neoproterozoic sediments of other regions of the world, which indicates the existence of strong regional differences in the content of sulfate in Late Precambrian seawater.
Factors Associated with Intrauterine Fetal Death at Paropakar Maternity Women’s Hospital
Authors: Thakur S.K. , Dangal G. 
Published: April 2023

Background Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a demise occurring at 20 or more weeks of gestation and weight 500 gram or more. Intrauterine fetal death at any point during gestation is a traumatic event not only to the patient but also to the care giver. The purpose of this study is to know the risk factors associated with intrauterine fetal death.
Objective To determine the factors associated with intrauterine fetal death.
Method Prospective observational study was conducted at Paropkar maternity women’s hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu. All the cases with intrauterine fetal death were admitted and delivered in the hospital with period of gestation 20 weeks to term pregnancy. All the relevant data were recorded in pre-designed proforma. The collected data were entered in SPSS 25 version for analysis.
Result There was a total 5153 deliveries in three months, with prevalence of 1.2% and intrauterine rate of 12.03 per 1000 births. Out of 50 enrolled cases, 78% (n=50) of patient had not attended antenatal checkup. Majority (n=50; 74%), belonged to age group 21-35 years, 48% of intrauterine fetal death were term pregnancies of 37 to 42 weeks of gestation. Maximum 20% of IUFD, weighed between (1-1.5 kg) (1.5-2 kg) and (2.5-3 kg). Thirty-nine babies were macerated and eleven non-macerated. Pregnancy induced hypertension was most common (26%), followed by ante-partum hemorrhage (8%), hypothyroidism and anemia (6%), meconium stained liquor and cord prolapse (6%), gestational diabetes mellitus, congenital anomalies, chronic hypertension (4%), intrauterine growth restriction and urinary tract infection (2%). Twelve cases underwent cesarean section. Postpartum complications were found in 10 cases; 4 cases had postpartum hemorrhage, 4 had prolonged hospital stay and 2 cases developed hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome.
Conclusion This study concluded that maximum no. of intrauterine fetal death were seen antenatally, as 78% of cases were found macerated. The commonest identified risk factor was pregnancy induced hypertension, followed by ante-partum hemorrhage, anemia, hypothyroidism, which seem to be preventable risk factors of intrauterine fetal death, but still unidentified risk factors are of great challenges for the obstetricians.
Changes in Clinical Practice amongst Nepalese Otolaryngologists during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tripathi P. , Gurung U. , Baidya S. , Thapa N. 
Published: April 2023

Background COVID-19 pandemic changed clinical practices more so for otolaryngologists due to inevitable risk of exposure.
Objective To assess the changes in the clinical practice among Nepalese otolaryngologists during this pandemic.
Method It was an observational study conducted as an online survey in the first two weeks of December 2020. A questionnaire pertaining to changes in clinical practice was mailed to 190 registered otolaryngologists working in various provinces of Nepal. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel 2007 and analysed in percentages.
Result Out of the 77 (40.5%) who responded, nearly 50% resumed clinical practice after a month of national lockdown restarting everyday consultation by 64.9% mostly in hospital setting (81.8%) after screening patients via fever clinic by 87%. Modifications in clinical examinations was mostly done for neck (85.7%), oral cavity (44.2%) and nose (29.8%) examination with least with for ear examination (3.9%) Regular endoscopic evaluation was avoided by 19.4%. Only around 57% used adequate personal protective equipment. There was 93.5% reduction in elective operations. Mandatory COVID test was done by 89.6% mostly with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (95.9%) prior to semi-urgent case.
Conclusion Changes in clinical practice were adapted to mitigate viral transmission. The changes were evident in the outpatient department where most patients were screened for fever and modifications made in the clinical examinations. Personal protective equipments were worn when available. Operative lists were limited to semi-urgent and urgent cases with covid testing customarily done for semi-urgent cases.
Study on Status of Serum Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in COVID-19 Positive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shreewastav R. K. , Singh G. K. , Jha K. K. , Yadav R. K. , Gharti S. B. 
Published: April 2023

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents clinically a variety of pathological and clinical organ dysfunctions, ranging in severity from asymptomatic to fatal. The care and monitoring of COVID-19 patients may benefit from the use of biochemical and hematological markers.
Objective To observe the alteration of serum biochemical and hematological parameters in COVID-19 positive patients, attending a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all COVID-19 positive patients attending Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal from 15th December 2021 to 15th February 2022. The test results of different serum biochemical and hematological parameters done for these patients were recorded in clinical laboratory services and obtained retrospectively for the analysis. The data were entered in MS excel and analyzed by SPSS version 20.
Result Out of 1537 COVID-11699 declared positive patients, 712 (46.32%) were male and 825 (53.68%) female. Mean age of COVID positive patients was 40.03±20.08 years. The level of serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP and GGT was significantly elevated in 39.9%, 42.8%, 32.3% and 47.2% of COVID positive patients respectively. Blood Urea, creatinine, uric acid and sugar level were significantly elevated in 63%, 56.1%, 33.1% and 47.6% patients respectively. The serum level of LDH, D-dimer, CRP and procalcitonin (PCT) were significantly increased in 52.1%, 75.9%, 71.6% and 61.2% of patients respectively. The serum value of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL were significantly lowered in 52.2%, 43.8%, 70.1% and 60.3% of patients respectively. RBC concentration and level of hemoglobin was reduced in 56.6% and 53.6% of COVID positive patients respectively whereas total leukocyte count was elevated in 80.7% with increase in neutrophil in 87.9% and decrease in lymphocyte in 79.4%.
Conclusion A portion of COVID-19 positive patients showed drastically altered test results for various serum biochemical and hematological markers, although many of them had normal findings.
Bacterial Flora and Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Outpatient Cases in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shrestha D. 
Published: April 2023

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis is a disease that afflicts a significant percentage of the population and causes considerable long-term morbidity. The initial treatment is clinical evaluation followed by starting empirical antibiotics. With the use of empirical antibiotics there is a possibility of aggravating the disease and leading to the persistence of chronic sinusitis. In order to start a protocol for rational use of antibiotics, we need to have the bacteriological profile in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis along with the sensitive group of antibiotics.
Objective To determine the bacterial flora in nasal swab of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and identify the sensitive antibiotics for the bacterial isolate.
Method A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in ENT Head and Neck Department of tertiary care hospital. The study population was the patients with clinical diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis whose nasal swabs were taken during nasal endoscopy and sent for culture and sensitivity. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using statistical computer program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The ethical approval for the study was taken from Ethical Committee of Kathmandu Medical College.
Result There were 60 (87%) bacterial isolate growths out of 69 samples of which 49 (82%) were gram positive and 11 (18%) were gram negative. The most common bacteria isolated was S aureus (42%) followed by Cogaulase neagative Staphylococcus (25%).
Conclusion Among gram positive isolates, amoxycillin was the most sensitive antibiotic and among gram negative isolates, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin were most sensitive antibiotics. In this study, we have determined the bacterial flora from endoscopic nasal swab of the sinuses in chronic rhinosinusitis patients and identified the sensitive antibiotics. This study would help us prescribe rational antibiotics in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis.