bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of serum vitamin D level and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Liu Weili , Xu Pingping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a critical disease in premature infants. Vitamin D plays an important role in promoting the development of fetal lung structure and the formation of pulmonary surfactants. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the serum 25(OH)D3level in the cord blood of premature infants and the prognosis of NRDS.MethodsThis retrospective study recruited 82 preterm infants (gestational age 28-36 weeks) diagnosed with NRDS as the NRDS group, and 82 non-NRDS preterm infants as the control group, respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of 25(OH)D3on NRDS was revealed by receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to evaluate the 25(OH)D3level in the serum of the cord blood in preterm neonates. The NRDS risk indicators were identified by the multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsCord blood 25(OH)D3levels were significantly lower in NRDS preterm infants than control group infants. 25(OH)D3levels in cord blood can be used to predict NRDS in preterm infants. In addition, 25(OH)D3levels in cord blood were positively correlated with Apgar score (1 min/5 min) and negatively correlated with oxygen support/CPAP duration in preterm infants with NRDS. 25(OH)D3in cord blood <57.69 nmol/L (24 ng/ml), gestational age <31 weeks, birth weight <1.86 kg, Apgar score (1 min) <7 and Apgar score (5 min) < 8 were independent risk factors for NRDS.Conclusion25(OH)D3level is an independent risk factor for NRDS in preterm infants.
Protocol for a parallel group, two-arm, superiority cluster randomised trial to evaluate a community-level complementary-food safety and hygiene and nutrition intervention in Mali: the MaaCiwara study (version 1.3; 10 November 2022)
Authors: Asamane Evans A. , Quinn Laura , Watson Samuel I. , Lilford Richard J. , Hemming Karla , Sidibe Cheick , Rego Ryan T. , Bensassi Sami , Diarra Youssouf , Diop Samba , Gautam Om Prasad , Islam Mohammad Sirajul , Jackson Louise , Jolly Kate , Kayentao Kassoum , Koita Ousmane , Manjang Buba , Tebbs Susan , Gale Nicola , Griffiths Paula , Cairncross Sandy , Toure Ousmane , Manaseki-Holland Semira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background

Diarrhoeal disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among the under-fives in many low- and middle-income countries. Changes to food safety practices and feeding methods around the weaning period, alongside improved nutrition, may significantly reduce the risk of disease and improve development for infants. We describe a protocol for a cluster randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-faceted community-based educational intervention that aims to improve food safety and hygiene behaviours and enhance child nutrition.

Methods
We describe a mixed-methods, parallel group, two-arm, superiority cluster randomised controlled trial with baseline measures. One hundred twenty clusters comprising small urban and rural communities will be recruited in equal numbers and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either treatment or control arms. The community intervention will be focussed around an ideal mother concept involving all community members during campaign days with dramatic arts and pledging, and follow-up home visits. Participants will be mother–child dyads (27 per cluster period) with children aged 6 to 36 months. Data collection will comprise a day of observation and interviews with each participating mother–child pair and will take place at baseline and 4 and 15 months post-intervention. The primary analysis will estimate the effectiveness of the intervention on changes to complementary-food safety and preparation behaviours, food and water contamination, and diarrhoea. Secondary outcomes include maternal autonomy, enteric infection, nutrition, child anthropometry, and development scores. A additional structural equation analysis will be conducted to examine the causal relationships between the different outcomes. Qualitative and health economic analyses including process evaluation will be done.

Conclusions
The trial will provide evidence on the effectiveness of community-based behavioural change interventions designed to reduce the burden of diarrhoeal disease in the under-fives and how effectiveness varies across different contexts.

Trial registration
ISRCTN14390796. Registration date December 13, 2021
Assessing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a solution-focused resource-orientated approach (DIALOG+) to improving the quality of life for people with psychosis in India and Pakistan—a cluster RCT
Authors: Bird Victoria Jane , Sajun Sana Zehra , Peppl Renata , Evans-Lacko Sara , Priebe Stefan , Singh Swaran , Venkatraman Lakshmi , Ramachandran Padmavati , Pasha Aneeta , Malik Ashar , Qureshi Onaiza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe mental illness (SMI) presents a major challenge worldwide, affecting approximately 5–8% of the world’s population. It causes significant distress to affected people, families and wider communities, generating high costs through loss of productivity and ongoing healthcare use. Over 75% of patients with psychosis receive inadequate care and experience a negative financial impact and reduced quality of life (QoL). It is therefore a priority to reduce the treatment gap by providing low-cost, effective interventions for people with psychosis.
Our research project, PIECEs, is designed to explore, adapt and test a low-cost, approach (DIALOG+) that makes use of existing resources to improve community-based care for patients with psychosis. The research will be conducted in two urban sites: Karachi, Pakistan and Chennai, India. DIALOG+ is a novel, technology-assisted and resource-oriented intervention, based on QoL research, concepts of patient-centred communication, IT developments and solution-focused therapy. However, the approach has not been rigorously tested within India and Pakistan. Our randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of DIALOG+ in improving the QoL and clinical outcomes for individuals with long-term psychosis being treated in the community in India and Pakistan.

Methods
To assess the acceptability, feasibility, and cost effectiveness of DIALOG+, we will conduct a cluster RCT with 210 patients and 14 clinicians in each country. The intervention will be used during a routine interaction between a clinician and a patient. It consists of a patient-centred assessment (the DIALOG scale) whereby the clinician invites the patient to rate their satisfaction with different life domains and treatment aspects, which forms the active control group. The intervention group will follow this up with a four-step solution-focused approach to identify the patient’s resources and develop solutions to deal with the patient's concerns (DIALOG+).

Discussion
If shown to be effective DIALOG+ has the potential to improve community-based care and the QoL for millions of people within India and Pakistan who experience psychosis.

Trial registration
The trial was registered prospectively on the ISRCTN Registry: ISRCTN13022816 on 9 February 2022.
Mapping the methodological diversity of published drug discontinuation studies—a scoping review of study topics, objectives, and designs
Authors: Grede Nina , Kuss Katrin , Staudt Ina , Donner-Banzhoff Norbert , Viniol Annika 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundTrials evaluating drug discontinuation (drug discontinuation trials, DDTs) show a broad methodological spectrum. There are several specific methodological aspects in drug discontinuation trials (e.g., determination of research question; configuration of intervention; definition of outcomes). To verify this specifies, we did a scoping review about the study designs of drug discontinuation trials.MethodsA systematic literature search in Medline (PubMed), The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO was performed. In a two-step selection process, we identified DDTs, which evaluate the discontinuation of one or more long-term medication as the investigated intervention, by two independent reviewers. Besides bibliographic data, we extracted several parameters to describe the used study design of the included DDTs: motivation for DDT, initially treatment aim of the discontinued medication, study design, methods of discontinuation, follow-up times, number of study participants, and outcome parameter.ResultsOut of 12,132 records, we included 581 DDTs. The most common motivation for doing a DDT were expected side effects (48.8%), the motivation of proving the efficacy of medication (21.6%), or doubts on the expected benefit of the used medication (13.8%). The majority of the discontinued medication was initially prescribed to improve the prognosis of a chronic disease (60.4%) or to relieve symptoms (31%). The study designs of the trials showed a broad methodological spectrum. The minority of the drug discontinuation trials were randomized controlled trials (34%).ConclusionThe results of this scoping review illustrates the need for an evidence-based methodological standard for planning and conducting drug discontinuation trials.
Whole-transcriptome profiling across different developmental stages of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) provides insights into chitin-related non-coding RNA and competing endogenous RNA networks
Authors: Liu Wenjuan , An Sha , Cheng Peng , Zhang Kexin , Gong Maoqing , Zhang Zhong , Zhang Ruiling 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Asian tiger mosquito,Aedes albopictus, is one of the most invasive species and a vector of numerous arboviruses. The deleterious effects of long-term and inappropriate use of chemical pesticides have stimulated the exploration of new, environmentally friendly control strategies. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been proven to participate in almost all biological processes of insects.MethodsIn this study, circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) covering five developmental stages [egg, early larvae, late larvae, pupae, adult (female and male)] ofA. albopictuswere obtained using whole-transcriptome sequencing technology. Combined with long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from previous research, circRNA/lncRNA‒miRNA‒mitochondrial RNA (mRNA) networks were constructed.ResultsA total of 1434 circRNAs and 208 miRNAs were identified. More differentially expressed circRNAs (DE circRNAs) and miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were found in the egg versus early larvae comparison group. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that most of the circRNA/lncRNA‒miRNA‒mRNA networks were involved in chitin metabolism. Hub genes of each circRNA/lncRNA‒miRNA‒mRNA network were screened out, which can be used as novel targets to disturb the molting process ofA. albopictus.ConclusionsRegulatory relationships obtained from competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks provide more information to manipulate the metamorphosis process and are helpful for developing effective and sustainable methods to control mosquitoes.Graphical Abstract
Localization of secreted ferritin (FER2) in the embryos of the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis
Authors: Hernandez Emmanuel Pacia , Shimazaki Kei , Niihara Hiroko , Umemiya-Shirafuji Rika , Fujisaki Kozo , Tanaka Tetsuya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite the absence of a blood meal, embryogenesis involves many processes that require nutrients and other essential elements, including iron. Due to the lack of an external source of these nutrients, these requirements are acquired maternally. Because of the toxic nature of iron, they are transferred through iron transport molecules such as secreted ferritin (FER2). Here we tried to follow the trail of the FER2 through indirect immunofluorescence, and we observed an apparent shift of FER2 from the germ layer at the early part of development to the appendages during the late stage of embryogenesis. FER2 is also found in the middle part of the legs of the embryo. The apparent movement not only sheds light on iron processing events during embryogenesis but also indirectly guides organogenesis in the tick.
Graphical Abstract
Genome-wide liver transcriptomic profiling of a malaria mouse model reveals disturbed immune and metabolic responses
Authors: Hu Xueyan , Zhao Jie , Zhao Junhui , Yang Ence , Jia Mozhi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The liver is responsible for a range of functions in vertebrates, such as metabolism and immunity. In malaria, the liver plays a crucial role in the interaction between the parasite and host. Although malarial hepatitis is a common clinical complication of severe malaria, other malaria-related liver changes have been overlooked during the blood stage of the parasite life-cycle, in contrast to the many studies that have focused on parasite invasion of and replication in the liver during the hepatic stage of the parasite.

Methods
A rodent model of malaria was established using Plasmodium yoelii strain 17XL, a lethal strain of rodent malaria, for liver transcriptomic profiling.

Results
Differentially expressed messenger RNAs were associated with innate and adaptive immune responses, while differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs were enriched in the regulation of metabolism-related pathways, such as lipid metabolism. The coexpression network showed that host genes were related to cellular transport and tissue remodeling. Hub gene analysis of P. yoelii indicated that ubiquitination genes that were coexpressed with the host were evolutionarily conserved.

Conclusions
Our analysis yielded evidence of activated immune responses, aberrant metabolic processes and tissue remodeling changes in the livers of mice with malaria during the blood stage of the parasite, which provided a systematic outline of liver responses during Plasmodium infection.

Graphical Abstract
Vimentin affects inflammation and neutrophil recruitment in airway epithelium during Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection
Authors: Meng Yu , Lin Shaojie , Niu Kai , Ma Zhe , Lin Huixing , Fan Hongjie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStreptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) frequently colonizes the swine upper respiratory tract and can cause Streptococcal disease in swine with clinical manifestations of pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia. Previously, we have shown that vimentin, a kind of intermediate filament protein, is involved in the penetration of SS2 through the tracheal epithelial barrier. The initiation of invasive disease is closely related to SS2-induced excessive local inflammation; however, the role of vimentin in airway epithelial inflammation remains unclear. Here, we show that vimentin deficient mice exhibit attenuated lung injury, diminished production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the IL-8 homolog, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), and substantially reduced neutrophils in the lungs following intranasal infection with SS2. We also found that swine tracheal epithelial cells (STEC) without vimentin show decreased transcription of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8. SS2 infection caused reassembly of vimentin in STEC, and pharmacological disruption of vimentin filaments prevented the transcription of those proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, deficiency of vimentin failed to increase the transcription of nucleotide oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2), which is known to interact with vimentin, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB protein p65. This study provides insights into how vimentin promotes excessive airway inflammation, thereby exacerbating airway injury and SS2-induced systemic infection.
Effector protein Hcp2a of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli interacts with the endoplasmatic reticulum associated RPL23 protein of chicken DF-1 fibroblasts
Authors: Chen Zhe , Qi Zhao , Li Ziqi , Song Zichao , Wang Xiaoru , Shao Ying , Tu Jian , Song Xiangjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a secretion apparatus widely found in pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria and is important for competition among various bacteria and host cell pathogenesis. Hcp is a core component of functional T6SS and transports toxic effectors into target cells by assembling to form tube-like structures. Studies have shown that Hcp simultaneously acts as an effector to influence cellular physiological activities; however, the mechanism of its activity in host cells remains unclear. To investigate the target of effector protein Hcp2a in a chicken fibroblast cell line, we first detected the subcellular localization of Hcp2a in DF-1 cells by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results showed that Hcp2a protein was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of DF-1 cells. We also used a streptavidin–biotin affinity pull-down assay combined with LC–MS/MS to screen DF-1 cell lysates for proteins that interact with Hcp2a and analyze the cellular functional pathways affected by them. The results showed that Hcp2a interacted with 52 DF-1 cellular proteins that are involved in multiple intracellular pathways. To further explore the mechanism of Hcp2a protein targeting the endoplasmic reticulum of DF-1 cells, we screened three endoplasmic reticulum-associated proteins (RSL1D1, RPS3A, and RPL23) from 52 prey proteins of Hcp2a for protein–protein molecular docking analysis. The docking analysis showed that the effector protein Hcp2a and the RPL23 protein had good complementarity. Overall, we propose that Hcp2a has strong binding activity to the RPL23 protein in DF-1 cells and this may help Hcp2a anchor to the endoplasmic reticulum in DF-1 cells.
Triple-adaptive subgradient extragradient with extrapolation procedure for bilevel split variational inequality
Authors: Ceng Lu-Chuan , Ghosh Debdas , Shehu Yekini , Yao Jen-Chih 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a triple-adaptive subgradient extragradient process with extrapolation to solve abilevel split pseudomonotone variational inequality problem(BSPVIP) with the common fixed point problem constraint of finitely many nonexpansive mappings. The problem under consideration is in real Hilbert spaces, where the BSPVIP involves a fixed point problem of demimetric mapping. The proposed rule exploits the strong monotonicity of one operator at the upper level and the pseudomonotonicity of another mapping at the lower level. The strong convergence result for the proposed algorithm is established under some suitable assumptions. In addition, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the viability of the proposed rule. Our results improve and extend some recent developments to a great extent.
Reexamining feedback in the context of different rhetorical patterns of writing
Authors: AL Harrasi Kothar Talib Sulaiman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Drawing upon research on the ways texts work as communication across different disciplines, this study investigated teacher and student feedback practices on three different patterns of writing: comparison-contrast essays, opinion essays, and cause-and-effect essays. The data were collected through three qualitative techniques: interviews, class observations, and an analysis of course documents and student-marked writing. The results showed that the participants did not always adhere to rhetorical features of different writing patterns when giving and responding to feedback. Rather, practices of feedback were majorly shaped by their beliefs about academic writing, assessment, and cognitive issues with rhetorical patterns. The results suggest a need for raising student and teacher awareness of the values of different patterns of writing for subject-domain studies; building a constructive alignment between writing course objectives, course assessment, and feedback practices; and involving students in the academic acculturation process.
Nomogram based on spectral CT quantitative parameters and typical radiological features for distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid micro-nodules
Authors: Song Zuhua , Li Qian , Zhang Dan , Li Xiaojiao , Yu Jiayi , Liu Qian , Li Zongwen , Huang Jie , Zhang Xiaodi , Tang Zhuoyue 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To analyse the predictive effect of a nomogram combining dual-layer spectral computed tomography (DSCT) quantitative parameters with typical radiological features in distinguishing benign micro-nodule from thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC).

Methods
Data from 342 instances with thyroid micro-nodules (≤1 cm) who underwent DSCT (benign group: n = 170; malignant group: n = 172) were reviewed. Typical radiological features including micro-calcification and enhanced blurring, and DSCT quantitative parameters including attenuation on virtual monoenergetic images (40 keV, 70 keV and 100 keV), the slope of the spectral HU curve (λHU), normalized iodine concentration (NIC), and normalized effective atomic number (NZeff) in the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP), were measured and compared between the benign and malignant groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic performance of significant quantitative DSCT parameters or the models combining DSCT parameters respectively and typical radiological features based on multivariate logistic regression (LR) analysis. A nomogram was developed using predictors with the highest diagnostic performance in the above model, as determined by multivariate LR analysis.

Results
The DSCT parameter APλHU showed the greatest diagnostic efficiency in identifying patients with TMC, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.829, a sensitivity and specificity of 0.738 and 0.753, respectively. Then, APλHU was combined with the two radiological features to construct the DSCT-Radiological nomogram, which had an AUC of 0.858, a sensitivity of 0.791 and a specificity of 0.800. The calibration curve of the nomogram demonstrated that the prediction result was in good agreement with the actual observation. The decision curve revealed that the nomogram can result in a greater net benefit than the all/none-intervention strategy for all threshold probabilities.

Conclusion
As a valid and visual noninvasive prediction tool, the DSCT-Radiological nomogram incorporating DSCT quantitative parameters and radiological features shows favourable predictive efficiency for identifying benign and malignant thyroid micro-nodules.