bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion regulation, e‐learning readiness, technology usage status, in‐class smartphone cyberloafing, and smartphone addiction in the time of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Gökçearslan Şahin , Yildiz Durak Hatice , Esiyok Elif 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has spread quickly, e‐learning became compulsory and disseminated throughout the world. During the pandemic, smartphones are frequently used to access e‐learning content, but connecting to technological tools increased the risk of cyberloafing during e‐courses. Currently, there are a limited number of studies on how e‐learning will evolve under compulsory conditions.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotion regulation, e‐learning readiness, technology usage status (TUS), in‐class smartphone cyberloafing, and smartphone addiction (SA) of the students during the pandemic.MethodsIn total 1294 students participated in this study. A research model was tested by structural equation modelling.Results and ConclusionThe findings of this study indicated that there is a relationship between TUS and SA. Emotion regulation was related to SA. E‐learning readiness levels can help to explain cyberloafing. This study presents a conceptual model of the variables that affect cyberloafing in the context of the e‐learning environment.
Empagliflozin is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events and all‐cause mortality in routine care in East Asia: Results from the EMPRISE study
Authors: Kim Dae Jung , Sheu Wayne H‐H , Chung Wook‐Jin , Yabe Daisuke , Ha Kyoung Hwa , Nangaku Masaomi , Tan Elise Chia‐Hui , Node Koichi , Yasui Atsutaka , Lei Weiyu , Lee Sunwoo , Saarelainen Laura , Deruaz‐Luyet Anouk , Kyaw Moe H , Seino Yutaka ,   EMPRISE East Asia Study Group
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe EMPA‐REG OUTCOME® trial demonstrated benefits of empagliflozin, a sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), on cardiovascular, renal outcomes and all‐cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. The EMPRISE study program evaluates how these effects translate in a broad population of patients with type 2 diabetes in routine clinical care across countries.Materials and MethodsThe study included patients ≥18 years with type 2 diabetes initiating empagliflozin or any dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP‐4i) from large administrative databases in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Propensity score‐matched (1:1) ‘as‐treated’ analyses comparing the risk of cardiovascular outcomes and all‐cause mortality between empagliflozin and DPP‐4i use were performed in each country. Pooled hazard ratios (pHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using random effects meta‐analysis models comparing both empagliflozin and SGLT2i with DPP‐4i use, respectively. Intention‐to‐treat and subgroup analyses in patients with/without cardiovascular disease and in patients receiving 10 mg empagliflozin were performed.ResultsThe study included 28,712 and 70,233 matched patient pairs for empagliflozin/DPP‐4i and SGLT2i/DPP‐4i analyses, respectively. The risk of composite outcomes including (i) hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and all‐cause mortality was lower with empagliflozin (pHR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67–0.86) and SGLT2i (0.71, 0.65–0.77); (ii) combined myocardial infarction, stroke, and all‐cause mortality was also lower with empagliflozin (0.74, 0.61–0.88) and SGLT2i (0.69, 0.60–0.78) compared to DPP‐4i. The intention‐to‐treat and three subgroup analyses were consistent with results of the main analyses.ConclusionsThe results suggest that both empagliflozin and SGLT2i compared with DPP‐4i are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and all‐cause mortality in routine clinical care in East Asia.
Comparison of the long‐term outcomes between proximal and distal IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Cho Sung Hyun , Song Tae Jun , Park Jin‐Seok , Yoon Jai Hoon , Yang Min Jae , Yoon Seung Bae , Lee Jae Min , Lee Yun Nah , Kim Seong‐Hun , Choi Eun Kwang , Park Se Woo , Oh Dongwook , Park Do Hyun , Lee Sang Soo , Seo Dong‐Wan , Lee Sung Koo , Kim Myung‐Hwan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsImmunoglobulin G4‐related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4‐SC) is considered a biliary manifestation of IgG4‐related diseases. However, there has been a controversy on the clinical outcomes according to the location of the involved bile duct. We therefore compared the clinical outcomes and long‐term prognosis of IgG4‐SC with proximal bile duct involvement (proximal IgG4‐SC) and IgG4‐SC with distal bile duct involvement (distal IgG4‐SC).MethodsWe reviewed the data of patients with IgG4‐SC that were prospectively collected at 10 tertiary centers between March 2002 and October 2020. Clinical manifestations, outcomes, association with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), steroid‐responsiveness, and relapse of IgG4‐SC were evaluated.ResultsA total of 148 patients (proximal IgG4‐SC, n = 59; distal IgG4‐SC, n = 89) were analyzed. The median age was 65 years (IQR, 56.25–71), and 86% were male. The two groups were similar in terms of jaundice at initial presentation (51% vs 65%; P = 0.082) and presence of elevated serum IgG4 (66% vs 70%; P = 0.649). The two groups showed significant differences in terms of steroid‐responsiveness (91% vs 100%; P = 0.008), association with AIP (75% vs 99%; P = 0.001), and occurrence of liver cirrhosis (9% vs 1%; P = 0.034). During a median follow‐up of 64 months (IQR, 21.9–84.7), the cumulative relapse‐free survival was significantly different between the two groups (67% vs 79% at 5 years; P = 0.035).ConclusionsRelapse of IgG4‐SC frequently occurred during follow‐up. Proximal IgG4‐SC and distal IgG4‐SC had different long‐term outcomes in terms of steroid‐responsiveness, occurrence of liver cirrhosis, and recurrence. It may be advantageous to determine the therapeutic and follow‐up strategies according to the location of bile duct involvement.
Financial literacy in the digital age—A research agenda
Authors: Koskelainen Tiina , Kalmi Panu , Scornavacca Eusebio , Vartiainen Tero 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDigital innovations are transforming financial services and resulting changes in consumer behavior and personal money management. Diffusion of pervasive digital technologies offers individuals quick and easy access to various digital services bringing opportunities and challenges into their personal money management. The study aimed to explore how digitalization affects individuals' financial literacy and financial capability. As a result, we identified three main themes in the intersection of finance and digitalization: Fintech, Financial behavior in digital environments, and Behavioral interventions. We propose directions for measuring digital financial literacy, updates to the financial literacy curriculum, and developments of digital learning tools. Further, we highlight collaboration between the public and private sectors to create a fairer and more inclusive economic landscape. Our study contributes to existing research by proposing a framework for digital financial literacy and financial capability and a research agenda for future studies.
Transforming acute pain management in children: A concept analysis to develop a new model of nurse, child and parent partnership
Authors: Eull Donna , Looman Wendy , O'Conner‐Von Susan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the core components of acute pain management in children, re‐conceptualise the process and update the existing model to inform nursing research and clinical practice.BackgroundAcute pain in hospitalised children remains suboptimal, despite extensive nursing research and education. Improvements require a patient‐centred approach and a conceptual model which includes the role of parents and partnership.DesignUsing Rodgers' Evolutionary method, a concept analysis was conducted to define the core components for effective acute pain management in children.MethodsA scoping review of peer‐reviewed literature from 1990 through 2020 was conducted using the terms “pain management,” “pain control,” “pain treatment,” “multi modal,” and “concept*”. Abstracts from 85 articles were initially reviewed with 30 articles retained for analysis. Core concepts were identified, defined and synthesised. The PRISMA 2020 checklist was used.ResultsA new model was developed from a synthesis of past work which incorporates the role of parents, the complexity of the process and definitions for shared decision‐making. Trust, safety, collaborative communication and genuine partnership were identified as the core components for effective pain management in children, with the triadic relationship of nurses, patients and parents in genuine partnership foundational to the nursing process.ConclusionThe new model for acute pain management in children transforms the nurse's role from gatekeeper to facilitator, shifting the process from nurse driven to patient‐centred. The new collaborative model will promote shared decision‐making for individualised pain assessments, interventions and evaluations.Relevance to clinical practiceEstablishing the nurse, child, parent partnership as an essential foundation to pain management has the potential to expand pain assessments, optimise treatment selections, advancing clinical practice, patient outcomes and nursing science.No Patient or Public Contributions were included in this paper as this was a concept analysis pulling from past works.
Objective biomarkers of depression: A study of Granger causality and wavelet coherence in resting‐state fMRI
Authors: Cîrstian Ramona , Pilmeyer Jesper , Bernas Antoine , Jansen Jacobus F. A. , Breeuwer Marcel , Aldenkamp Albert P. , Zinger Svitlana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe lack of a robust diagnostic biomarker makes understanding depression from a neurobiological standpoint an important goal, especially in the context of brain imaging.MethodsIn this study, we aim to create novel image‐based features for objective diagnosis of depression. Resting‐state network time series are used to investigate neurodynamics with the help of wavelet coherence and Granger causality (G‐causality). Three new features are introduced: total wavelet coherence, wavelet lead coherence, and wavelet coherence blob analysis. The fourth feature, pair‐wise conditional G‐causality, is used to establish the causality between resting‐state networks. We use the proposed features to classify depression in adult subjects.ResultsWe obtained an accuracy of 86% in the wavelet lead coherence, 80% in Granger causality, and 86% in wavelet coherence blob analysis. Subjects with depression showed hyperconnectivity between the dorsal attention network and the auditory network as well as between the posterior default mode network and the dorsal attention network. Hypoconnectivity was found between the anterior default mode network and the auditory network as well as the right frontoparietal network and the lateral visual network. An abnormal co‐activation pattern was found between cerebellum and the lateral motor network according to the wavelet coherence blob analysis.ConclusionBased on abnormal functional dynamics between brain networks, we were able to identify subjects with depression with high accuracy. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the impaired emotional and attention processing associated with depression, as well as decreased motor activity.
Atopy and allergy following solid organ transplantation: A 15‐year experience
Authors: Roberts Amin J , Lim Alicia , Bishop Jonathan R , Gane Ed , Rakhmanova Elizaveta , Wong William , Evans Helen M 
Published: January 2023

AimThere are increasing reports of atopy/allergy following solid organ transplantation, especially paediatric liver transplantation (LT) with minimal New Zealand (NZ) data. We describe the prevalence of transplant‐acquired atopy and allergy (TAA) in NZ paediatric liver transplant recipients, compared to paediatric kidney and adult liver transplants.MethodsTAA focussed health questionnaires were sent to patients selected from the NZ transplant registry (transplanted between January 2003 and December 2017). Demographic and clinical data were also obtained from electronic health records and follow‐up phone calls.ResultsA total of 232 patients (62% male) participated (111 adult liver, 82 paediatric liver, 39 paediatric kidney transplant recipients). Tacrolimus was primary immunosuppression for all LT patients; with combined tacrolimus, mycophenolate and corticosteroids for kidney transplants. The number of patients who developed TAA was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the paediatric LT group (36/82, 44%) compared to adult liver (12/111, 11%) and paediatric kidney transplants (4/39, 10%). Eczema was most common (73%), then IgE‐mediated food allergy (FA, 33%), allergic rhinitis (19%) and asthma (17%). Six paediatric LT recipients developed eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). Egg was the most common allergen in the IgE‐mediated FA group. TAAs were severe enough to warrant a switch from tacrolimus to another agent in seven paediatric LT patients. For paediatric LT patients, female gender and younger age at transplant were risk factors for developing TAA.ConclusionsTAA is common in paediatric liver transplant recipients, with female gender and younger age at transplant being risk factors identified. This highlights the need for detailed atopic and allergy history to be incorporated in all pre‐transplant assessments.
Patents and other conditions of access to vaccines
Authors: Arup Christopher , Plahe Jagjit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the experience with access to vaccines during the pandemic. Its inquiry is the extent to which pharmaceutical patents have hindered or enhanced access when compared to other factors or conditions like health spending, manufacturing capacity, and regulatory competence. To conduct the review, the paper queries the regulatory governance perspective when it suggests a decentralised field of legal pluralism will maximise access. It recalls the pre‐COVID‐19 experience with antiretrovirals to provide pointers to the present situation. It then examines the experience with COVID vaccines under the headings of invention, production, procurement, and distribution. The review finds while patents may hinder access to vaccines, other, essential conditions for access, like independent manufacturing capacity and commitment to procurement, are not established. Regulatory governance must now adopt a much more concerted, coordinated approach, mobilising both patent regulation and other key conditions to further access. The review is an opportunity to gather some of the copious commentary on this issue.
Sublingual microcirculation and internal environment changes as early indications of sepsis: A prospective observational study
Authors: Lu Yi , Yang Jun , Li Peng , Teng Fei , Guo Shubin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the changes in microcirculation and internal environment before sepsis in patients with infectious diseases.MethodsIn this single‐center prospective observational study, all patients did not meet the diagnostic criteria of sepsis 3.0 at admission. Blood samples and sublingual microcirculation were collected at admission, 24 and 48 h after admission.ResultsA total of 101 patients completed this study. In total, 46 patients met the diagnostic criteria of sepsis 3.0 within 5 days after admission, while the remaining 55 patients did not. The platelet (PLT) was significantly lower in the sepsis patients (195.17 ± 63.89 vs. 242.02 ± 68.59, p = .01), Microvascular Flow Index (MFI) (2.45 ± 0.33 vs. 2.70 ± 0.18, p = .00) and Proportion of Perfused Vessels (PPV) (92.44 ± 4.45 vs. 95.88 ± 3.20, p = .00) were significantly lower, while Flow Heterogeneity Index (FHI) (0.32 ± 0.13 vs. 0.22 ± 0.10, p = .00) was significantly higher in the in the sepsis patients at admission. Decreased levels of MFI (p = .00, OR 0.02, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.15) and PLT (p = .00, OR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.00) were independent risk factors for sepsis. Additionally, the 24 h PLT change rate (AUC 0.85, Cutoff −0.17, sensitivity 0.70, specificity 0.93, and Youden index 0.63) suggested a potential early warning effect for sepsis.ConclusionChanges in microcirculation disturbance and the internal environment occurred before sepsis. The MFI and PLT are independent risk factors for sepsis. Sublingual microcirculation and PLT deterioration can be used as early warning indicators before sepsis.
Regional redistribution of CB1 cannabinoid receptors in human foetal brains with Down's syndrome and their functional modifications in Ts65Dn+/+ mice
Authors: Patthy Ágoston , Hanics János , Zachar Gergely , Kovács Gábor G. , Harkany Tibor , Alpár Alán 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsThe endocannabinoid system with its type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) expressed in postmitotic neuroblasts is a critical chemotropic guidance module with its actions cascading across neurogenic commitment, neuronal polarisation and synaptogenesis in vertebrates. Here, we present the systematic analysis of regional CB1R expression in the developing human brain from gestational week 14 until birth. In parallel, we diagrammed differences in CB1R development in Down syndrome foetuses and identified altered CB1R signalling.MethodsFoetal brains with normal development or with Down's syndrome were analysed using standard immunohistochemistry, digitalised light microscopy and image analysis (NanoZoomer). CB1R function was investigated by in vitro neuropharmacology from neonatal Ts65Dn transgenic mice brains carrying an additional copy of ~90 conserved protein‐coding gene orthologues of the human chromosome 21.ResultsWe detected a meshwork of fine‐calibre, often varicose processes between the subventricular and intermediate zones of the cortical plate in the late first trimester, when telencephalic fibre tracts develop. The density of CB1Rs gradually decreased during the second and third trimesters in the neocortex. In contrast, CB1R density was maintained, or even increased, in the hippocampus. We found the onset of CB1R expression being delayed by ≥1 month in age‐matched foetal brains with Down's syndrome. In vitro, CB1R excitation induced excess microtubule stabilisation and, consequently, reduced neurite outgrowth.ConclusionsWe suggest that neuroarchitectural impairments in Down's syndrome brains involve the delayed development and errant functions of the endocannabinoid system, with a particular impact on endocannabinoids modulating axonal wiring.
Haemodialysis vascular catheter‐related blood stream infection: Organism types and clinical outcomes
Authors: Phillips Jessica , Chan Doris T. , Chakera Aron , Swaminathan Ramyasuda , Patankar Khalil , Boudville Neil , Lim Wai H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCatheter‐related bloodstream infection (CRBI) is an important complication of catheter use for haemodialysis, but it remains unclear whether clinical outcomes following CRBI are influenced by organism type. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes following CRBI from Gram‐positive and non‐Gram‐positive organisms. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with kidney failure receiving haemodialysis (HD) via vascular catheters who had a documented episode of CRBI in Western Australia between 2005 and 2018. The associations between organism type, likelihood of hospitalization, catheter removal and death from CRBI were examined using adjusted logistic regression models. There were 111 episodes of CRBI in 99 patients (6.1 episodes per 1000‐catheter‐days at risk). Of the study cohort, 53 (48%) were male and 38 (34%) identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. Gram‐positive organisms were identified in 73 (66%) CRBI episodes, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus. Of those with non‐Gram‐positive CRBI, 9 (24%) were attributed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. One‐hundred and two (92%) episodes of CRBI required hospitalization and 15 (13%) patients died from CRBI. Compared with non‐Gram‐positive CRBI, Gram‐positive CRBI was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and catheter removal, with adjusted odds ratio of 9.34 (95% CI 1.28–68.03) and 3.47 (95% CI 1.25–9.67), respectively. There was no association between organism type and death from CRBI. Staphylococcus aureus remains the most common organism causing CRBI in HD patients. CRBI is associated with substantial morbidity, particularly CRBI attributed to Gram‐positive organisms.image
Intrinsic Cortical Property Analysis of the Medial Column of Proximal Humerus
Authors: Wang Yeming , Li Jian , Men Yutao , Wei Wanfu 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAdequate mechanical support of the medial column is paramount to maintain fracture reduction in locking plating of proximal humerus fractures. However, intrinsic cortical properties of the medial column are rarely discussed. The purpose of the study is to describe regional variation of cortex in the medial column.MethodsA total of 147 healthy participants were eligible for enrollment between December 2016 and December 2018. Subjects were divided into three groups: group A (20–39 years), group B (40–59 years), and group C (>60 years). For each individual, a color 3D thickness map for proximal humerus was created by cortical bone mapping (CBM) technique after bilateral shoulders were imaged by computed tomography. Measurement Indices including the cortical thickness (CTh), cortical mass surface density (CM) and the endocortical trabecular density (ECTD) were determined, after six regions of interest (ROI) were defined in metaphyseal region. Regional parameter variations were analyzed by one‐way ANOVA.ResultsThe CTh, CM and ECTD values were approximately equivalent between genders in the proximal part of the medial column across all ages (P > 0.05).The greatest difference between sexes was found in CTh and CM values of middle and distal part (P < 0.05). The CTh and CM within medial column were negatively associated with age (P < 0.05). The proximal cortical bone of the medial column was thicker and more dense, compared to the lateral column (P < 0.05). Significant regional variation was found in all measured parameters in group A, but not in groups B and C.ConclusionOur finding proved that regional differences in the distribution of cortical bone in the medial column The attenuation of cortical bone heterogeneity in the medial column was found after the age of 40 years.
All you fear is love: The roles of rejection by intimate others
Authors: Aracı‐İyiaydın Ayşegül , Toplu‐Demirtaş Ezgi , Akçabozan‐Kayabol Nazlı Büşra , Rohner Ronald P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterpersonal acceptance‐rejection theory (IPARTheory) asserts that recollections of parental rejection in childhood tend to result in psychological maladjustment and intimacy problems in later romantic relationships. Informed by IPARTheory, we investigated the association between maternal & paternal rejection, and fear of intimacy by the mediating role of psychological maladjustment in a Turkish sample with 462 mostly young adults. We further explored the moderator role of gender in Model 1 and the moderating roles of both gender and intimate partner rejection in Model 2. Model 1 revealed that adults who had experienced maternal and paternal rejection in childhood tended to be psychologically maladjusted. Consequently, they also tended to have a fear of intimacy, regardless of gender. Model 2 revealed that women who recall having been rejected in childhood by their mothers tended to be psychologically maladjusted and to have a significant fear of intimacy when they also experienced moderate or more than moderate intimate‐partner rejection. However, both women and men who experienced paternal rejection in childhood tended to be psychologically maladjusted and to experience a greater fear of intimacy when they perceived any degree of intimate partner rejection. Implications of the results for theory, research, and practice are discussed.