bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status and correlates of food and nutrition literacy among parents-adolescents’ dyads: findings from 10 Arab countries
Authors: Hoteit Maha , Mansour Rania , Mohsen Hala , Bookari Khlood , Hammouh Fadwa , Allehdan Sabika , AlKazemi Dalal , Al Sabbah Haleama , Benkirane Hasnae , Kamel Iman , Qasrawi Radwan , Tayyem Reema ,   the regional food literacy group
Published: May 2023

BackgroundFood literacy is capturing the attention worldwide and gaining traction in the Arab countries. Strengthening food and nutrition literacy among Arab teenagers are important promising empowering tools which can protect them from malnutrition. This study aims to assess the nutrition literacy status of adolescents with the food literacy of their parents in 10 Arab countries.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involving a convenient sample of 5,401 adolescent-parent dyads (adolescents: mean age ± SD: 15.9 ± 3.0, females: 46.8%; parents: mean age ± SD: 45.0 ± 9.1, mothers: 67.8%) was launched between 29 April and 6 June 2022 in 10 Arab nations. The Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale (ANLS) and the Short Food Literacy Questionnaire (SFLQ) were used to meet the study aims.ResultsMore than one-quarter (28%) of adolescents had poor nutrition literacy, with 60% of their parents being food illiterate. The top three countries with nutritionally” less literate” adolescents were Qatar (44%), Lebanon (37.4%), and Saudi Arabia (34.9%). Adolescents’ age, gender, education level, primary caregivers, employment status, and the inclusion of nutrition education in the schools’ curriculum predicted the nutrition literacy levels of Arab adolescents. Besides, parental weight status, health status, parent’s food literacy level, and the number of children per household were significant determinants too. Adolescents studying at a university and having parents with adequate food literacy had the highest odds of being nutritionally literate (OR = 4.5, CI = 1.8–11.5, p = 0.001, OR = 1.8, CI = 1.6–2.1, p &lt; 0.001, respectively).ConclusionNutrition literacy inadequacy among Arab adolescents is a prioritized challenge to be tackled.
Can change in phase angle predict the risk of morbidity and mortality during an 18-year follow-up period? A cohort study among adults
Authors: Langer Raquel D. , Ward Leigh C. , Larsen Sofus C. , Heitmann Berit L. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPhase angle (PhA, degrees), measured via bioimpedance (BIA, 50 kHz), is an index that has been used as an indicator of nutritional status and mortality in several clinical situations. This study aimed to determine the relationship between 6-year changes in PhA and total mortality as well as the risk of incident morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) during 18 years of follow-up among otherwise healthy adults.MethodsA random subset (n = 1,987) of 35–65 years old men and women was examined at the baseline in 1987/1988 and 6 years later in 1993/1994. Measures included weight, height, and whole-body BIA, from which PhA was calculated. Information on lifestyle was obtained through a questionnaire. The associations between 6-year PhA changes (ΔPhA) and incident CVD and CHD were assessed by Cox proportional hazard models. The median value of ΔPhA was used as the reference value. The hazard ratio (HR) model and confidence intervals (CIs) of incident CVD and CHD were used according to the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles of ΔPhA.ResultsDuring 18 years of follow-up, 205 women and 289 men died. A higher risk of both total mortality and incident CVD was present below the 50th percentile (Δ = −0.85°). The highest risk was observed below the 5th percentile (ΔPhA = −2.60°) in relation to total mortality (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.10–2.19) and incident CVD (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.16–2.00).DiscussionThe larger the decrease in PhA, the higher the risk of early mortality and incident CVD over the subsequent 18 years. PhA is a reliable and easy measure that may help identify those apparently healthy individuals who may be at increased risk of future CVD or dying prematurely. More studies are needed to confirm our results before it can be definitively concluded that PhA changes can improve clinical risk prediction.
Comparison of NK cell subsets, receptors and functions induced by radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation in HBV-associated primary hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Hai-Yan , Cui Xiong-Wei , Zhang Yong-Hong , Chen Yu , Lu Ning-Ning , Sheng Shou-Peng , Gao Wen-Feng , Yang Xiao-Zheng , Duan Zhong-Ping 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTopical therapy has been shown to induce an immune response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a prospective parallel group control experiment was conducted to compare the differences between radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation in inducing the immune regulation of NK cells.MethodsSixty patients with clinically and pathologically confirmed hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were selected for thermal ablation. Patients were randomly assigned into the MWA group (n = 30) and the RFA group (n = 30). Patient’s peripheral blood was isolated on days D0, D7, and month M1. NK cell subsets, receptors, and killing function were detected by flow cytometry and LDH. Student t test and rank sum test were used to compare the statistical differences between the RFA (radio frequency) and MWA (microwave) groups. The Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were used to calculate the difference between the two survival curves.ResultsComparison of the frequency of CD3-CD56+ and CD3-CD56+CD16+ in NK cells between the RFA and WMA groups showed that there was no difference in the D0, D7, M1, D7-D0, M1-D0, and M1-D7 groups. The changes of the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD159A were significantly different at D7 (P&lt;0.05). CD107a were compared between the RFA and WMA groups, indicating that CD107a changes induced by NK cells were significantly different at D7-D0 (P&lt;0.05). Comparison of NK cell lysis activity of target K562 cells between the RFA and WMA groups showed that there was no difference at D0, D7, D7-D0. There was no difference in recurrence-free survival (RFS) between the RFA and WMA groups (P=0.11).ConclusionsThe difference between MWA and RFA-induced NK cell changes was mainly manifested in the inhibitory receptors CD159a and CD107a 1 week after surgery, with microwave-induced changes being more severe. Comparison of the NK cell lysis activity of the target K562 cells between the RFA and WMA groups showed that there was no difference in D0, D7, D7- D0. Survival analysis showed that these differences did not affect the recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the two groups.
Identification of a seven-lncRNAs panel that serves as a prognosis predictor and contributes to the malignant progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Xiwang , Gao Wei , Zhang Zhe , Xue Xuting , Mijiti Maierhaba , Guo Qingbo , Wusiman Dilinaer , Wang Kai , Zeng Xianhai , Xue Lingbin , Guo Zekun , An Changming , Wu Yongyan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundLaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most frequent head and neck cancers worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in tumorigenesis. However, the clinical significance of lncRNAs in LSCC remains largely unknown.MethodsIn this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed on 107 LSCC and paired adjacent normal mucosa (ANM) tissues. Furthermore, RNA expression and clinical data of 111 LSCC samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Bioinformatics analysis were performed to construct a model for predicting the overall survival (OS) of LSCC patients. Moreover, we investigated the roles of lncRNAs in LSCC cells through loss-of-function experiments.ResultsA seven-lncRNAs panel including ENSG00000233397, BARX1-DT, LSAMP-AS1, HOXB-AS4, MNX1-AS1, LINC01385, and LINC02893 was identified. The Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that the seven-lncRNAs panel was significantly associated with OS (HR:6.21 [3.27-11.81], p-value&lt;0.0001), disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR:4.34 [1.83-10.26], p-value=0.0008), and progression-free interval (PFI) (HR:3.78 [1.92-7.43], p-value=0.0001). ROC curves showed the seven-lncRNAs panel predicts OS with good specificity and sensitivity. Separately silencing the seven lncRNAs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of LSCC cells.ConclusionCollectively, this seven-lncRNAs panel is a promising signature for predicting the prognosis of LSCC patients, and these lncRNAs could serve as potential targets for LSCC treatment.
Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics and long-term survival between patients with gallbladder adenosquamous carcinoma and pure gallbladder adenocarcinoma after curative-intent surgery: a single-center experience in China and a meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Tian-Run , Liu Fei , Liang Zuo-Yu , Zou Rui-Qi , Ma Wen-Jie , Hu Hai-Jie , Li Fu-Yu 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the similarities and differences between gallbladder adenosquamous carcinoma (GBASC) and pure gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC).MethodsPatients with GBASC and GBAC from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed in terms of clinicopathological features and long-term survival. Moreover, a meta-analysis was also performed for further validation.ResultsOur experience: A total of 304 patients with resected GBC were identified, including 34 patients with GBASC and 270 patients with GBAC. Patients with GBASC had a significantly higher preoperative CA199 level (P &lt;0.0001), a significantly higher incidence of liver invasion (P &lt;0.0001), a relatively larger tumor size (P = 0.060), and a significantly higher proportion of patients with T3–4 (P &lt;0.0001) or III–IV disease (P = 0.003). A comparable R0 rate was obtained between two groups (P = 0.328). A significantly worse overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0002) or disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.0002) was observed in the GBASC. After propensity score matching, comparable OS (P = 0.9093) and DFS (P = 0.1494) were obtained. Clear margin (P = 0.001), node metastasis (P &lt;0.0001), T stage (P &lt;0.0001), and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (P &lt;0.0001) were independent prognostic factors for OS for the entire cohort. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy had a survival benefit for patients with GBAC, while the survival benefit was still being validated in patients with GBASC. Meta-analysis: With our cohort incorporated, a total of seven studies involving 1,434 patients with GBASC/squamous carcinoma (SC) were identified. GBASC/SC shared a worse prognosis (P &lt;0.00001) and more aggressive tumor biological features than GBAC.ConclusionGBASC/SC shared more aggressive tumor biological features and a much worse prognosis than those with pure GBAC.
A meta-analysis: retrograde intrarenal surgery vs. percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children
Authors: Yuan Yi , Liang Yan-nei , Li Kai-feng , Ho Yi-ru , Wu Qian-long , Zhao Zhang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundsThe increasing prevalence of pediatric kidney stones worldwide makes minimally invasive lithotripsy like retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) more prevalent. However, their safety and efficacy are controversial. Consequently, a meta-analysis of the comparison between RIRS and PCNL is conducted.MethodsClinical trials were selected from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. The data extraction and study quality assessment were performed by two individuals independently. The data relating to therapeutic effects were extracted and analyzed by Review manager 5.4.ResultsThirteen studies involving 1,019 patients were included. The micro-PCNL excelled in stone-free rate (P = 0.003), postoperative fever rate (P = 0.02), and Clavien–Dindo II complications (P = 0.05). Notably, the mean age of the micro-PCNL group was younger than other groups (P = 0.0005). The operation time in mini-PCNL was longer than RIRS (P &lt; 0.00001) but with high heterogeneity (I2 = 99%). There was no difference in Clavien–Dindo I, II, and III complications between the PCNL and the RIRS, but mini-PCNL showed a higher probability than RIRS in Clavien–Dindo I (P = 0.0008) and II complications (P = 0.007).ConclusionsCompared with RIRS, micro-PCNL could be a better therapeutic option for kidney stones in children. Of note, more parameters should be analyzed to illustrate the efficacy of different minimally invasive surgeries for pediatric kidney stones due to poor cases in our study.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, PROSPERO CRD42022323611
Potential pharmacological mechanisms of four active compounds of Macleaya cordata extract against enteritis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology
Authors: Yang Pingrui , Zhong Chonghua , Huang Huan , Li Xifeng , Du Lin , Zhang Lifang , Bi Shicheng , Du Hongxu , Ma Qi , Cao Liting 
Published: May 2023

Background:Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) is effective in the treatment of enteritis, but its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study combined network pharmacology and molecular docking technologies to investigate the potential pharmacological mechanism of MCE in the treatment of enteritis.Methods: The information of active compounds in MCE was accessed through the literature. Furthermore, PubChem, PharmMapper, UniProt, and GeneCards databases were used to analyze the targets of MCE and enteritis. The intersection of drug and disease targets was imported into the STRING database, and the analysis results were imported into Cytoscape 3.7.1 software to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and to screen core targets. The Metascape database was used for conducting Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. AutoDock Tools software was used for the molecular docking of active compounds with the core targets.Results: MCE has four active compounds, namely, sanguinarine, chelerythrine, protopine, and allocryptopine, and a total of 269 targets after de-duplication. Furthermore, a total of 1,237 targets were associated with enteritis, 70 of which were obtained by aiding the drug–disease intersection with the aforementioned four active compound targets of MCE. Five core targets including mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) were obtained using the PPI network, which are considered the potential targets for the four active compounds of MCE in the treatment of enteritis. The GO enrichment analysis involved 749 biological processes, 47 cellular components, and 64 molecular functions. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed 142 pathways involved in the treatment of enteritis by the four active compounds of MCE, among which PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways were the most important pathways. The results of molecular docking showed that the four active compounds demonstrated good binding properties at the five core targets.Conclusion: The pharmacological effects of the four active compounds of MCE in the treatment of enteritis involve acting on signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt and MAPK through key targets such as AKT1 and MAPK1, thus providing new indications for further research to verify its mechanisms.
Can policies improve language vitality? The Sámi languages in Sweden and Norway
Authors: Lloyd-Smith Anika , Bergmann Fabian , Hund Laura , Kupisch Tanja 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionLanguage policies are often aimed at changing language behaviours, yet it is notoriously difficult to assess their effects. This study investigates language use and competence in the Indigenous Sámi populations of Norway and Sweden in light of the national-level policies the two countries have adopted.MethodsWe provide a cross-country comparison of relevant educational, linguistic and budgetary policies in Sweden and Norway. Next, we present novel data from a survey with 5,416 Sámi and non-Sámi participants in 20 northern municipalities, examining Sámi language use and proficiencies across generations and contexts. Lexical proficiency in North Sámi was tested in a small subset of participants.ResultsSámi language use has dropped considerably over the past three generations. Only a small proportion of Sámi are highly fluent and use a Sámi language with their children (around 4% in Sweden and 11% in Norway). One fifth of Sámi adults use a Sámi language at least ‘occasionally’, and use is most common in the home context. Sámi language knowledge remains negligible in the majority population.DiscussionThe higher levels of language use and proficiency in Norway seem at least in part to reflect the more favourable policies adopted there. In both countries, more work is needed to increase speaker numbers, also in the majority population.
Analysis of communication styles underpinning clinical decision-making in cancer multidisciplinary team meetings
Authors: Soukup Tayana , Lamb Benjamin W. , Green James S. A. , Sevdalis Nick , Murtagh Ged 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIn cancer care, multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings are the gold standard. While they are trying to maximize productivity on the back of the steadily increasing workload, growing cancer incidence, financial constraints, and staff shortages, concerns have been raised with regards to the quality of team output, as reported by Cancer Research UK in 2017: “Sometimes we discuss up to 70 patients. This is after a whole day of clinics, and we do not finish until after 19.00. Would you want to be number 70?”. This study aimed to explore systematically some of the dynamics of group interaction and teamwork in MDT meetings.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective observational study conducted across three MDTs/university hospitals in the United Kingdom. We video-recorded 30 weekly meetings where 822 patient cases were reviewed. A cross-section of the recordings was transcribed using the Jefferson notation system and analyzed using frequency counts (quantitative) and some principles of conversation analysis (qualitative).ResultsWe found that, across teams, surgeons were the most frequent initiators and responders of interactional sequences, speaking on average 47% of the time during case discussions. Cancer nurse specialists and coordinators were the least frequent initiators, with the former speaking 4% of the time and the latter speaking 1% of the time. We also found that the meetings had high levels of interactivity, with an initiator–responder ratio of 1:1.63, meaning that for every sequence of interactions initiated, the initiator received more than a single response. Lastly, we found that verbal dysfluencies (laughter, interruptions, and incomplete sentences) were more common in the second half of meetings, where a 45% increase in their frequency was observed.DiscussionOur findings highlight the importance of teamwork in planning MDT meetings, particularly with regard to Cancer Research UK in 2017 cognitive load/fatigue and decision-making, the hierarchy of clinical expertise, and the increased integration of patients' psychosocial information into MDT discussion and their perspectives. Utilizing a micro-level methodology, we highlight identifiable patterns of interaction among participants in MDT meetings and how these can be used to inform the optimization of teamwork.
Emotionally focused couple therapy in cancer survivor couples with marital and sexual problems: a replicated single-case experimental design
Authors: van Diest Selma L. , den Oudsten Brenda L. , Aaronson Neil K. , Beaulen Audrey , Verboon Peter , Aarnoudse Berry , van Lankveld Jacques J. D. M. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe current research examined the effect of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFCT) on perceived intimacy, affect, and dyadic connection in cancer survivor couples with relationship challenges.MethodIn this longitudinal replicated single-case study, positive and negative affect, intimacy, partner responsiveness, and expression of attachment-based emotional needs were reported every 3 days before and during treatment. Thirteen couples, with one partner having survived colorectal cancer or breast cancer, participated for the full duration of the study. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using randomization tests, piecewise regression, and multilevel analyses.ResultsAdherence to the therapeutic protocol was tested and found adequate. Compared with baseline, significant positive effects on affect variables were found during the therapeutic process. Positive affect increased and negative affect decreased. Partner responsiveness, perceived intimacy, and the expression of attachment-based emotional needs improved, but only in the later phase of treatment. Results at the group level were statistically significant, whereas effects at the individual level were not.DiscussionThis study found positive group-level effects of EFCT on affect and dyadic outcome measures in cancer survivors. The positive results warrant further research, including randomized clinical trials, to replicate these effects of EFCT in cancer survivor couples experiencing marital and sexual problems.
Association of adverse childhood experiences and depression among medical students: the role of family functioning and insomnia
Authors: Tao Hongxia , Zeng Xin , Hou Mutian , Chen Shanping , Shen Jing , Liao Xiaoyang , Zou Chuan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundFew studies have explored the mechanisms linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to depression in medical students. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ACEs and depression through the serial mediation effect of family functioning and insomnia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 368 medical students from university in Chengdu in 2021. The participants were asked to complete four self-report questionnaires, including ACEs scale, the family APGAR index, the ISI and PHQ-9. Singe and serial mediation analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling by Mplus 8.3.ResultsACEs had a significant direct effect on depression (β = 0.438, p &lt; 0.001) and through three significantly indirect pathways: (1) through family functioning (β = 0.026, 95% CI: 0.007–0.060), accounting for 5.9% of the total effect; (2) through insomnia (β = 0.103, 95% CI: 0.011–0.187), accounting for 23.5% of the total effect; and (3) through the serial mediators involving in family functioning and insomnia (β = 0.038, 95% CI: 0.015–0.078), accounting for 8.7% of the total effect. The total indirect effect was 38.1%.LimitationsThis cross-sectional study prevented us from establishing causality.ConclusionThis study highlights the role of family functioning and insomnia as serial mediators of the relationship between ACEs and depression. Findings help to elucidate the mechanism that underlines the pathway between ACEs and depression in medical students. These findings may indicate developing measures to strengthen family functioning and improve insomnia aiming to reduce depression in medical students with ACEs.