bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurolin Ig Domain 2 Participates in Retinal Axon Guidance and Ig Domains 1 and 3 in Fasciculation
Authors: Leppert Christian A. , Diekmann Heike , Paul Claudia , Laessing Ute , Marx Monika , Bastmeyer Martin , Stuermer Claudia A.O. 
Published: July 2002

The optic disk–directed growth of retinal ganglion cell axons is markedly disturbed in the presence of polyclonal antineurolin antibodies, which mildly affect fasciculation (Ott, H., M. Bastmeyer, and C.A.O. Stuermer, 1998. J. Neurosci. 18:3363–3372).
New monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against goldfish neurolin, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily cell adhesion/recognition molecule with five Ig domains, were generated to assign function (guidance versus fasciculation) to specific Ig domains. By their ability or failure to recognize Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing recombinant neurolin with deletions of defined Ig domains, mAbs were identified as being directed against Ig domains 1, 2, or 3, respectively. Repeated intraocular injections of a mAb against Ig domain 2 disturb the disk-directed growth: axons grow in aberrant routes and fail to reach the optic disk, but remain fasciculated. mAbs against Ig domains 1 and 3 disturb the formation of tight fascicles.
mAb against Ig domain 2 significantly increases the incidence of growth cone departure from the disk-oriented fascicle track, while mAbs against Ig domains 1 and 3 do not. This was demonstrated by time-lapse videorecording of labeled growth cones.
Thus, Ig domain 2 of neurolin is apparently essential for growth cone guidance towards the disk, presumably by being part of a receptor (or complex) for an axon guidance component.
African Journals Online: improving awareness and access
Authors: Rosenberg Diana 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTIndigenous journal publication is vital to the well‐being of the African research enterprise in ways that the high‐profile initiatives of Western publishers have, so far, failed to address. This paper describes the scope and development of African Journals Online, a free service which provides online access to the tables of contents and abstracts of scholarly journals published in Africa, backed by a document delivery service and managed by the International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications.
EDITtoTrEMBL: a distributed approach to high-quality automated protein sequence annotation.
Authors: M√∂ller S , Leser U , Fleischmann W , Apweiler R 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
SUMMARY: Many databases in molecular biology face the problem that the ever increasing rate of data production can no longer be handled by traditional methods, especially human curation. Therefore, a number of projects are currently investigating methods for automated sequence annotation. This paper describes the EBI's approach to this problem for protein sequences by integration of arbitrary analysis programs into a distributed and highly flexible environment. Our software framework allows an individual treatment of sequences depending on their particular properties, which is achieved through a high-level description of the preconditions and capabilities of analysing modules. This not only improves the overall performance of the annotation process, as unnecessary steps are avoided, but also enhances its quality since dependencies between different modules are taken into account. We have implemented a prototype and use it in the production of TrEMBL releases. AVAILABILITY: Upon request.
STAR/mmCIF: An ontology for macromolecular structure
Authors: Westbrook John D. , Bourne Philip E. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Motivation: Crystallographers were motivated 10 years ago to develop a simple and consistent data representation for the exchange and archiving of data associated with the crystallographic experiment and the final structure. As this process evolved (and the data grew at near exponential rates) came the recognition that this representation should also facilitate the automated management of the data and, with the aid of additional software for verification and validation, provide improved consistency and accuracy and hence improved scientific inquiry. This realization led to a new Dictionary Definition Language (DDL) and an extensive dictionary based on this DDL for describing macromolecular structure. In broad terms this could be considered an ontology. An important feature in the development of the ontology was the endorsement and ongoing maintenance and support of the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). While the description of macromolecular structure and the x-ray crystallographic experiment used to derive it represent explicit data, the ontology is extensible and applicable to other less well- characterized data domains.
Results: Details of the DDL, the dictionaries that have been developed, and software for reading and using this ontology are presented.
Availability: Extensive documentation, software tools and the DDL and dictionaries are available from http://ndbserver.rutgers.edu/mmcifand associated mirror sites.
Contact: Bourne: bourne@sdsc.eduand Westbrook: jwest@rcsb.rutgers.edu
Low Vision Rehabilitation Service Utilization Before and After Implementation of a Clinical Decision Support System in Ophthalmology
Authors: Guo Xinxing , Boland Michael V. , Swenor Bonnie K. , Goldstein Judith E. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceElectronic clinical decision support systems apply clinical guidelines in real time and offer a new approach to improve referral and utilization of low vision rehabilitation (LVR) care.ObjectiveTo characterize patients and factors associated with LVR service utilization with and without the use of an electronic health record (EHR) clinical decision support system (CDSS) alert.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsQuality improvement study using EHR data to compare patients who did and did not utilize LVR service after referral between November 6, 2017, and October 5, 2019, (primary) and to assess overall service utilization rate from September 1, 2016, to April 2, 2021, regardless of referral status (secondary). Participants in the primary analysis were patients at a large ophthalmology department in an academic medical center in the US who received an LVR referral recommendation from their ophthalmologist according to the CDSS alert. The secondary analysis included patients with best documented visual acuity (BDVA) worse than 20/40 before, during, and after the CDSS implementation. Data were analyzed from August 2021 to April 2022.ExposuresNumber and locations of referral recommendations for LVR service according to the CDSS alert in the primary analysis; active CDSS implementation in the secondary analysis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresLVR service utilization rate was defined as the number of patients who accessed service among those who were referred (primary) and among those with BDVA worse than 20/40 (secondary). EHR data on patient demographics (age, sex, race, ethnicity) and ophthalmology encounter characteristics (numbers of referral recommendations, encounter location, and BDVA) were extracted.ResultsOf the 429 patients (median [IQR] age, 71 [53 to 83] years; 233 female [54%]) who received a CDSS-based referral recommendation, 184 (42.9%) utilized LVR service. Compared with nonusers of LVR, users were more likely to have received at least 2 referral recommendations (12.5% vs 6.1%; χ21 = 5.29; P = .02) and at an ophthalmology location with onsite LVR service (87.5% vs 78.0%; χ21 = 6.50; P = .01). Onsite LVR service (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.18-3.61) persisted as the only statistically significant factor after adjusting for patient demographics and other referral characteristics. Among patients whose BDVA was worse than 20/40 before, during, and after the CDSS implementation regardless of referral status, the LVR service utilization rate was 6.1%, 13.8%, and 7.5%, respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this quality improvement study, ophthalmologist referral recommendations and onsite LVR services at the location where patients receive other ophthalmic care were significantly associated with service utilization. Ophthalmology CDSSs are promising tools to apply clinical guidelines in real time to improve connection to care.
Actual conditions and a planning review of collective relocation site from the view of changes in neighborhood relationships: Focusing on the collective relocation project for disaster prevention in Koizumimachi district, Kesennuma city, Japan
Authors: Tsubouchi Ken , Mori Suguru , Nomura Rie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article aims to review a large‐scale collective relocation planning of the Koizumimachi district, which implemented concept of the Radburn housing design to mitigate the environmental transition after the Great East Japan earthquake. Based on actual conditions through 2‐year investigations after resettlement, it demonstrates that residents utilized the relocation site adapting to different issues of the community relocation: continuity of the previous district's neighborhood relationships and constructions of new ones due to integrated multiple districts. On the other hand, there is a mismatch between total housing land design and individual housing reconstructions in point of the correspondence between entrance direction and cul‐de‐sac.
Exploiting the Thermotropic Behavior of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose to Produce Edible Photonic Pigments
Authors: Ming Siyi , Zhang Xiaotian , Chan Chun Lam Clement , Wang Zhen , Bay Mélanie M. , Parker Richard M. , Vignolini Silvia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a widely commercialized cellulose derivative. While it is typically used as a binder or stabilizer for foods and pharmaceuticals, it can also form a cholesteric liquid crystal in aqueous solution. Moreover, at high HPC concentrations this lyotropic and thermotropic mesophase is known to reflect structural color. However, it remains a challenge to retain this vibrant coloration into the solid state. Herein, by combining the emulsification of a HPC mesophase with drying at elevated temperature, solid microparticles are produced that can reflect color across the visible spectrum, from blue to green and red. This method provides a facile and scalable pathway to fabricate structurally colored, edible pigments, which can displace existing synthetic additives used in a wide range of foods and cosmetics.
Fluorescent Flippers: Small‐Molecule Probes to Image Membrane Tension in Living Systems
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Xiao , Bayard Felix , Gonzalez‐Sanchis Nerea , Pamungkas Khurnia Krisna Puji , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFlipper probes have been introduced as small molecule fluorophores to image physical forces, that is, membrane tension in living systems. Their emergence over one decade is described, from evolution in design and synthesis to spectroscopic properties. Responsiveness to physical compression in equilibrium at the ground state is identified as the ideal origin of mechanosensitivity to image membrane tension in living cells. A rich collection of flippers is described to deliver and release in any subcellular membrane of interest in a leaflet‐specific manner. Chalcogen‐bonding cascade switching and dynamic covalent flippers are developed for super‐resolution imaging and dual‐sensing of membrane compression and hydration. Availability and broad use in the community validate flipper probes as a fine example of the power of translational supramolecular chemistry, moving from fundamental principles to success on the market.
A novel epoxy vitrimer with low dielectric constant at high‐frequency
Authors: Zhou Gang , Zhang Jian , Wang Ziqing , Ning Na , Huang Yuan , Wei Yi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVitrmers are a new type of functional resins having the majority of published studies focused on reprocessing, recycling, healing, welding, and shape memory, and their mechanical properties are extensively investigated. While most of the intended applications of these vitrimers are related to elastomers and composites, little research has been published on their dielectric properties and their applications in tele‐communication fields. Herein, dielectric property of four typical epoxy‐anhydride vitrimers were investigated. Vitrimer catalyzed by Zn(Acac)2(zinc acetylacetonate) show excellent re‐processability, which were further improved by introducing MTHPA (methyl terahydrophthalic anhydride) and styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) polymers. The modified epoxy vitrimer shows favorable Tgof 106°C and low dielectric constant (2.77 at 10 GHz). Notably, the modified vitrimer are still re‐processable and degradable due to the dynamic ester bonds, and maintains its dielectric and thermal performances after being reprocessed.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of salophen nickel(II) and cobalt(III) complexes as potential anticancer compounds
Authors: Ma Benjamin N. , Baecker Daniel , Descher Hubert , Brandstaetter Philipp , Hermann Martin , Kircher Brigitte , Gust Ronald 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent in vitro investigations of N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐1,2‐phenylenediamine (SAP) iron(III) complexes substituted with alkyl (ethyl, propyl, butyl) carboxylates at position 4 in tumor and leukemia cells revealed strong cytotoxic activity. In continuation of this study, analogous nickel(II) and cobalt(III) complexes were synthesized and tested in HL‐60 leukemia, and cisplatin‐sensitive and ‐resistant A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines. The biological activity depended on the extent of cellular uptake and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inactive [(Ni(II)SAP] complexes (1−3) only marginally accumulated in tumor cells and did not induce ROS. The cellular uptake of [Co(III)SAP]Cl complexes (4−6) into the cells depended on the length of the ester alkyl chain (ethyl, 4 < propyl, 5 < butyl, 6). The cytotoxicity correlated with the presence of ROS. The low cytotoxic complex 4 induced only few ROS, while 5 and 6 caused a good to outstanding antiproliferative activity, exerted high ROS generation, and induced cell death after 48 h. Necrostatin‐1 prevented the biological effects, proving necroptosis as part of the mode of action. Interestingly, the effects of 5 and 6 were not reversed by Ferrostatin‐1, but even enhanced upon simultaneous application to the tumor cells.
Reactivity of Oxygen‐Bridged Geminal Al/P and Si/P Frustrated Lewis Pairs towards Heterocumulenes
Authors: Wickemeyer Lucas , Trapp Pia C. , Aders Niklas , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe two oxygen‐bridged geminal frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) tBu2P−O−AlBis2 (Bis=CH(SiMe3)2; 1) and tBu2P−O−Si(C2F5)3 (2) were reacted with the heterocumulenes PhNCO, PhOCN, PhNCS, CS2 and PhNSO as well as SO2. With isocyanate and cyanate, both 1 and 2, form addition products under formation of five‐membered rings. With CS2, isothiocyanate and sulfinylaniline, only 1 forms stable adducts, whereas 2 shows reactivity towards sulfinylaniline, but the product decomposed after a few minutes. The reaction of 1 with SO2 led to partial cleavage of the P−O−Al and Al−C units, as confirmed by X‐ray diffraction studies of a complex aggregate. The reaction of 2 with SO2 affords the 1,2‐addition product. All adducts were characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray crystallography and CHN analyses.
Bringing Machine‐Learning Enhanced Quantum Chemistry and Microwave Spectroscopy to Conformational Landscape Exploration: the Paradigmatic Case of 4‐Fluoro‐Threonine
Authors: Barone V. , Fusè M. , Aguado R. , Potenti S. , León I. , Alonso E. R. , Mata S. , Lazzari F. , Mancini G. , Spada L. , Gualandi A. , Cozzi P. G. , Puzzarini C. , Alonso J. L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA combined experimental and theoretical study has been carried out on 4‐fluoro‐threonine, the only naturally occurring fluorinated amino acid. Fluorination of the methyl group significantly increases the conformational complexity with respect to the parent amino acid threonine. The conformational landscape has been characterized in great detail, with special attention given to the inter‐conversion pathways between different conformers. This led to the identification of 13 stable low‐energy minima. The equilibrium population of so many conformers produces a very complicated and congested rotational spectrum that could be assigned through a strategy that combines several levels of quantum chemical calculations with the principles of machine learning. Twelve conformers out of 13 could be experimentally characterized. The results obtained from the analysis of the intra‐molecular interactions can be exploited to accurately model fluorine‐substitution effects in biomolecules.
Near‐Infrared Piezochromism from an o‐Carborane Dyad: Boron Clusters Facilitating a Wide‐Range Redshift and High Sensitivity
Authors: Lv Chunyan , Shen Yunxia , Cao Feng , Zhang Qing , Wang Kai , Zhang Yujian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPiezochromic materials, which exhibit a fluorescence response with large emission spectral shifts and high sensitivity, may be useful in important applications, but there have been few reports of such organic luminophores. Herein, we report a new high‐sensitivity piezochromic material based on the incorporation of an o‐carborane unit, which exhibits aggregation‐induced emission properties. In a high‐pressure experiment, compared to carborane‐free MTY, which exhibits an emission spectral shift of 75 nm and a sensitivity of 19.1 nm ⋅ GPa−1, the o‐carborane dyad MTCb shows a larger emission wavelength difference of 131 nm and a higher sensitivity of 32.8 nm ⋅ GPa−1, demonstrating a performance that ranks among the best of organic piezochromic materials reported thus far. MTCb molecules adopt a J‐aggregated pattern and have relatively loose molecular packing in the crystalline state. Interestingly, nonconjugated spherical carborane can disrupt the π‐π interactions between adjacent molecules during compression, which results in excellent piezochromic performance.
Cation Co‐intercalation in Potassium Copper(II) Hexacyanoferrates
Authors: Doménech‐Carbó Antonio , López Silvana , Chandía Bastián , Cáceres Gustavo , Muñoz Eduardo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe cation‐insertion solid state electrochemistry of a potassium copper(II) hexacyanoferrate in contact with LiClO4/DMSO, NaPF6/DMSO, and KPF6/DMSO electrolytes has been theoretically and experimentally studied using the voltammetry of immobilized particles methodology. Voltammetric data, combined with SEM/EDS analysis permit to determine a K0.876CuII1.328FeIII0.049[FeIII0.318FeII0.682(CN)6] stoichiometry for the synthesized solid. Separation of electronic and ionic contributions to Gibbs energy changes can be made based on cyclic voltammetric and open circuit potential measurements. These parameters can be combined to measure values of the Gibbs energy of cation‐independent electron transfer of 7.2±0.4 (K+), 7.1±0.5 (Na+) kJ mol−1, in close agreement with the expected independence of this parameter on the electrolyte cation. The reduction Fe(III) centers bound to cyano groups exhibit a cation‐dependent, essentially Nernstian character which can be described in terms of Na+and K+insertion/deinsertion while in the case of Li+electrolytes there is significant co‐cation diffusion. Chronoamperometric data provide estimates of the diffusion coefficients of Na+, and K+ions through the solid around 10−9 cm2 s−1.
Rural residence across the life course and late‐life cognitive decline in KHANDLE: A causal inference study
Authors: Peterson Rachel L. , Gilsanz Paola , Lor Yi , George Kristen M. , Ko Michelle , Wagner Jenny , Soh Yenee , Meyer Oanh L. , Glymour M. Maria , Whitmer Rachel A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundModifiable risks for dementia are more prevalent in rural populations, yet there is a dearth of research examining life course rural residence on late‐life cognitive decline.MethodsThe association of rural residence and socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood and adulthood with late‐life cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, executive function, and semantic memory) and cognitive decline in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences cohort was estimated using marginal structural models with stabilized inverse probability weights.ResultsAfter adjusting for time‐varying SES, the estimated marginal effect of rural residence in childhood was harmful for both executive function (β = −0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.32, −0.06) and verbal episodic memory (β = −0.22, 95% CI = −0.35, −0.08). Effects of adult rural residence were imprecisely estimated with beneficial point estimates for both executive function (β = 0.19; 95% CI = −0.07, 0.44) and verbal episodic memory (β = 0.24, 95% CI = −0.07, 0.55).ConclusionsChildhood rurality is associated with poorer late‐life cognition independent of SES.
Measurement of actual evapotranspiration in a páramo ecosystem using portable closed chambers: Comparison between giant rosettes, tussock grasses and shrubs
Authors: Meyers Barbara , Gutiérrez‐Lagoueyte María Elena , Tobón Conrado 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe páramos are Neotropical alpine tundra‐like ecosystems that play a crucial role as biodiversity hotspots and also act as water sources for the inter‐Andean regions and cities. Improving our understanding of hydrological processes, here evapotranspiration, is crucial, especially in the context of global changes. In páramos, most research have focused on estimating potential evapotranspiration (ETo) using the Penman–Monteith method. Only a few studies have quantified actual evapotranspiration using mostly the Eddy covariance method (EC) or volumetric lysimeters. Importantly, these studies focused only on tussock grass communities, and none have addressed the effect of other plant communities specific to páramos on the actual evapotranspiration of this ecosystem. In this research, portable closed chambers were installed for the first time in a páramo (in Los Nevados National Park, between 3900 and 4100 masl) to quantify actual evapotranspration (ETa) in March and May 2019 in three representative plant communities of the páramo (giant rosettes, shrubs and tussock grasses). The ETa rates measured were then compared with ETo estimated using the Penman–Monteith method. Also, environmental factors of solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity were recorded and their influence on ETa variation was analysed. Our results indicate that ETa daily rates were very low with a high daily variation (0.290 ± 0.266 mm day−1). The shrubs showed higher ETa rates even though differences among communities were not significant. ETo rates calculated via the Penman–Monteith method were significantly higher (1.017 ± 0.468 mm day−1) than those measured using the portable chambers. Portable closed chamber is a promising method to assess ETa at small spatial and time scales and under controlled environment; however, they should be improved to enable ETa measurements on longer time periods. This study confirms the highly variable and low evapotranspiration rate of the páramo vegetation, here confirmed across different plant communities and underlines the importance of solar radiation and temperature, which were positively correlated with evapotranspiration rates.