bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and numerical investigations on seismic behavior of stiffened corrugated steel plate shear walls
Authors: Tong Jingzhong , Wu Ruomin , Wang Lingqi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStiffened corrugated steel plate shear walls (SCSPSWs) are novel seismic‐resistant members used in medium‐ and high‐rise building structures, in which a stiffener system is applied on the corrugated steel plate to restrain its out‐of‐plane buckling deformation. In this study, experimental and numerical investigations were conducted on the SCSPSW. Using a four‐bar linkage loading device, seven specimens were tested under low‐circle cyclic shear loads, including six SCSPSW specimens and one unstiffened corrugated steel plate shear wall (CSPSW) specimen. Five sets of comparisons were established among the seven specimens to study the effects of the sub‐panel aspect ratio, stiffener torsional constraint, plate‐stiffener connection method, bolt layout scheme and bolt strength on the seismic behavior of the SCSPSW. Desirable shear resistance capacities, ductility, and energy‐dissipating capacities were exhibited through the hysteretic curves. The test results confirmed the validity of existing design formulas for the ultimate shear resistance of the SCSPSW. Then, finite element (FE) models were developed and validated against the test results, indicating the accuracy of the models in simulating the seismic behavior of SCSPSWs. Based on the validated FE models, the internal tensile and shear forces of the connecting bolts were obtained. Accordingly, the development law of the bolt internal force was analyzed in detail. A calculation procedure for predicting the bolt internal forces was proposed and proved to be reasonable. Finally, the effect of stiffener strength on shear resistance and post‐buckling behavior of the SCSPSW was investigated numerically. The research results of this study can provide some references for the engineering practice of the SCSPSW.
Improving programme‐led and focused interventions for eating disorders: An experts' consensus statement—A UK perspective
Authors: Davey Emily , Allen Karina , Bennett Sophie D. , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Clarke Tim , Cooper Zafra , Dixon‐Ward Katharina , Dudley Jake , Eisler Ivan , Griffiths Jess , Hill Andrew J. , Micali Nadia , Murphy Rebecca , Picek Ivana , Rea Ros , Schmidt Ulrike , Simic Mima , Tchanturia Kate , Traviss‐Turner Gemma , Treasure Janet , Turner Hannah , Wade Tracey , Waller Glenn , Shafran Roz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveEating disorders are associated with significant illness burden and costs, yet access to evidence‐based care is limited. Greater use of programme‐led and focused interventions that are less resource‐intensive might be part of the solution to this demand‐capacity mismatch.MethodIn October 2022, a group of predominantly UK‐based clinical and academic researchers, charity representatives and people with lived experience convened to consider ways to improve access to, and efficacy of, programme‐led and focused interventions for eating disorders in an attempt to bridge the demand‐capacity gap.ResultsSeveral key recommendations were made across areas of research, policy, and practice. Of particular importance is the view that programme‐led and focused interventions are suitable for a range of different eating disorder presentations across all ages, providing medical and psychiatric risk are closely monitored. The terminology used for these interventions should be carefully considered, so as not to imply that the treatment is suboptimal.ConclusionsProgramme‐led and focused interventions are a viable option to close the demand‐capacity gap for eating disorder treatment and are particularly needed for children and young people. Work is urgently needed across sectors to evaluate and implement such interventions as a clinical and research priority.
Influence of channel geomorphic units on bedload transport and river morphology during low‐magnitude bed‐forming floods coupled with sediment augmentation
Authors: Mörtl Christian , Schroff Robin , Stähly Severin , De Cesare Giovanni 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, we map different types of channel geomorphic units in a sediment‐starved, residual‐flow reach before and after an artificial flood. Bedload particles of a previous sediment augmentation measure are tracked with passive integrated transponder tags, and water depth and flow velocity are recorded across 10 cross‐sections. The analysis focuses on the influence of channel geomorphic units on bedload transport and river morphology. Our hypotheses are (i) that during low‐magnitude bed‐forming floods with sediment pulse migration, existing channel geomorphic units influence bedload transport, and more specifically, (ii) that their type influences the retention rate of bedload particles. Furthermore, we hypothesise that (iii) the density of channel geomorphic units is linked to the hydromorphological diversity of a river section. We provide evidence that supports the first two hypotheses and contradicts the third one. We consider our results to be transferable to similarly regulated reaches based on an analysis of site‐specific conditions and alternative explanatory factors. Further research is needed to transfer the results to varying flood and sediment supply conditions in unregulated reaches.
Flame retardancy, combustion, and ceramization behavior of ceramifiable flame‐retardant room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber foam
Authors: Shang Ke , Lin Gui‐De , Jiang Hui‐Jing , Jin Xing , Zhao Jing , Liu Dan , Zhao Bi , Yang Jin‐Jun , Fu Teng , Wang Jun‐Sheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo types of ceramifiable flame‐retardant room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber foam containing mica power (MP) were prepared by using glass powder (GP) as fluxing agents and aluminum hydroxide (ATH) as flame‐retardant agent, respectively. The flame retardant, combustion behavior, and thermal stability of ceramifiable flame‐retardant RTV silicone rubber foams were investigated. The results show that GP is not conducive to the flame retardancy and thermal stability improvement of the foams. On the contrary, MP and ATH can significantly improve the flame retardancy and thermal stability at high temperatures of the foams. The foams with addition of MP and ATH can reach to a high limiting oxygen index value of 35.8 with V‐0 rating in the vertical combustion test, and the total heat release and total smoke production of the foams are 21.0% and 61.7% lower than of the pure RTV silicone rubber foam, respectively. Furthermore, the structural and morphological changes of the foams under different pyrolysis conditions were studied, so as to reveal its ceramifiable mechanism under different fire scenarios. The results show that GP does not promote the formation of more char residue during pyrolysis, but it can greatly lower the ceramifiable temperature, resulting in a superior ceramic phase char residue. The foams including MP and ATH have a high char residue content; nevertheless, a comparatively higher temperature is necessary to create ceramic phase char residue.
The role of different natural organic acids in postharvest fruit quality management and its mechanism
Authors: Zhang Wanli , Jiang Yueming , Zhang Zhengke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFresh fruits have good flavor and high nutritional value, but in the postharvest stage they will age and decay rapidly, so we need to find green postharvest fruit preservatives. And natural organic acids are promising natural fruit preservatives due to their safety and effectiveness. The present work reviews recent applications of natural organic acids in postharvest fruit quality management and discussed its potential biochemical mechanisms. This work indicates that numerous natural organic acids are effective postharvest fruit preservatives, such as oxalic acid, salicylic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, phenolic acid and terpenic acid. Natural organic acid treatments can improve postharvest fruit quality, as reflected by delaying senescence, alleviating chilling injury, controlling disease, and inhibiting browning. And natural organic acid can have multiple benefits on postharvest fruit. Natural organic acids also play a variety of roles in postharvest fruit disease control. In addition, chemical modification and cotreatment of natural organic acids can be performed to improve the efficiency of postharvest fruit preservation applications. The work provides an important reference for postharvest fruit quality management and the development of natural OAs fruit preservatives.
Yeast mannoproteins: Organoleptic modulating functions, mechanisms, and product development trends in winemaking
Authors: Li Siyu , Zhai Hongyue , Ma Wen , Duan Changqing , Yi Lunzhao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMannoproteins (MPs) originate from yeast cells and can play important roles in maintaining wine stability and modulating wine organoleptic properties. Due to their natural presence in wines, MP products are allowed to be used as enological additives in wine industry. To guarantee an appropriate application of these products during winemaking, it is necessary for both researchers and winemakers to understand the mechanisms of MPs as multifunctional organoleptic modulators. This review has introduced the current state of knowledge of the researches focus on the application of different MP products in red wines and also the interactions between MPs and wine sensory active components (polyphenols, aroma compounds) in model wine solutions. We have summarized the possible mechanisms of MPs that affect the color, astringency, and aroma of red wines and the relationship between the physicochemical characteristics and functionalities of MPs. Besides, development trends of MP products are also discussed. It seems that yeast biomass, especially those from non‐Saccharomyces yeasts show good potential in producing large quantities of MPs, an appropriate combination of yeast cultivation and preservation methods with extraction and purification techniques may obtain MPs of ideal production, purity, and functionality in an industrial scale, which should be put more efforts by both scientists and manufacturers in the future.
Microglia modulate TNFα‐mediated synaptic plasticity
Authors: Kleidonas Dimitrios , Kirsch Matthias , Andrieux Geoffroy , Pfeifer Dietmar , Boerries Melanie , Vlachos Andreas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe pro‐inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) tunes the capacity of neurons to express synaptic plasticity. It remains, however, unclear how TNFα mediates synaptic positive (=change) and negative (=stability) feedback mechanisms. We assessed effects of TNFα on microglia activation and synaptic transmission onto CA1 pyramidal neurons of mouse organotypic entorhino–hippocampal tissue cultures. TNFα mediated changes in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in a concentration‐dependent manner, where low concentration strengthened glutamatergic neurotransmission via synaptic accumulation of GluA1‐only‐containing AMPA receptors and higher concentration increased inhibition. The latter induced the synaptic accumulation of GluA1‐only‐containing AMPA receptors as well. However, activated, pro‐inflammatory microglia mediated a homeostatic adjustment of excitatory synapses, that is, an initial increase in excitatory synaptic strength at 3 h returned to baseline within 24 h, while inhibitory neurotransmission increased. In microglia‐depleted tissue cultures, synaptic strengthening triggered by high levels of TNFα persisted and the impact of TNFα on inhibitory neurotransmission was still observed and dependent on its concentration. These findings underscore the essential role of microglia in TNFα‐mediated synaptic plasticity. They suggest that pro‐inflammatory microglia mediate synaptic homeostasis, that is, negative feedback mechanisms, which may affect the ability of neurons to express further plasticity, thereby emphasizing the importance of microglia as gatekeepers of synaptic change and stability.
Time for Dementia: Quantitative evaluation of a dementia education programme for healthcare students
Authors: Daley Stephanie , Hebditch Molly , Jones Christopher , Bremner Stephen , Feeney Yvonne , Towson Georgia , Wright Juliet , Banerjee Sube 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe future healthcare workforce needs the skills, attitudes, and empathy to better meet the needs of those with dementia. Time for Dementia (TFD) is an educational programme in which healthcare students from a range of professional groups visit a person with dementia and their family carer over a two‐year period. The aim of this study was to evaluate its impact on student attitudes, knowledge and empathy towards dementia.MethodsMeasures of dementia knowledge, attitudes and empathy were administered to healthcare students at five universities in the south of England before and after (24 months) they completed the TFD programme. Data were also collected at equivalent time points for a control group of students who had not taken part in the programme. Outcomes were modelled using multilevel linear regression models.Results2,700 intervention group students, and 562 control group students consented to participate. Students undertaking the TFD programme had higher levels of knowledge and positive attitudes at follow‐up compared to equivalent students who did not undertake the programme. Our findings indicate a positive relationship between the number of visits undertaken and increasing dementia knowledge and attitudes. No substantial differences in the development of empathy was observed between groups.ConclusionOur findings suggest that TFD may be effective across professional training programmes and universities. Further research into the mechanisms of action is needed.
Mortality rates and proximal causes of death in patients with Lewy body dementia versus Alzheimer's disease: A longitudinal study using secondary care mental health records
Authors: Kershenbaum Anne D. , Price Annabel C. , Cardinal Rudolf N. , Chen Shanquan , Fitzgerald James M. , Lewis Jonathan , Moylett Sinéad , O’Brien John T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown reduced survival in Lewy body dementia (LBD) compared to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the reasons for this are not known. We identified cause of death categories accounting for the reduced survival in LBD.MethodsWe linked cohorts of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) and AD, with proximal cause of death data. We examined mortality by dementia group and hazard ratios for each death category by dementia group in males and females separately. In a specific focus on the dementia group with the highest mortality rate versus reference, we examined cumulative incidence to identify the main causes of death accounting for the excess deaths.ResultsHazard ratios for death were higher in PDD and DLB compared to AD, for both males and females. PDD males had the highest hazard ratio for death across the dementia comparison groups (HR 2.7, 95% CI 2.2–3.3). Compared with AD, hazard ratios for “nervous system” causes of death were significantly elevated in all LBD groups. Additional significant cause‐of‐death categories included aspiration pneumonia, genitourinary causes, other respiratory causes, circulatory and a “symptoms and signs” category in PDD males; other respiratory causes in DLB males; mental disorders in PDD females; and aspiration pneumonia, genitourinary and other respiratory causes in DLB females.ConclusionFurther research and cohort development is required to investigate differences by age group, to extend cohort follow‐up to the whole population and to investigate the risk‐balance of interventions which may differ by dementia group.
[18F]‐FDG PET radiomic model as prognostic biomarker in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Travaini Laura Lavinia , Botta Francesca , Derenzini Enrico , Lo Presti Giuliana , Ferrari Mahila Esmeralda , Airò Farulla Lighea Simona , Radice Tommaso , Mazzara Saveria , Tarella Corrado , Pileri Stefano , Raimondi Sara , Ceci Francesco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the association between radiomic features (RFs) extracted from 18F‐FDG PET/CT (18F‐FDG‐PET) with progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in diffuse large‐B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients eligible to first‐line chemotherapy. DLBCL patients who underwent 18F‐FDG‐PET prior to first‐line chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. RFs were extracted from the lesion showing the highest uptake. A radiomic score to predict PFS and OS was obtained by multivariable Elastic Net Cox model. Radiomic univariate model, clinical and combined clinical‐radiomic multivariable models to predict PFS and OS were obtained. 112 patients were analyzed. Median follow‐up was 34.7 months (Inter‐Quartile Range (IQR) 11.3–66.3 months) for PFS and 41.1 (IQR 18.4–68.9) for OS. Radiomic score resulted associated with PFS and OS (p < 0.001), outperforming conventional PET parameters. C‐index (95% CI) for PFS prediction were 0.67 (0.58–0.76), 0.81 (0.75–0.88) and 0.84 (0.77–0.91) for clinical, radiomic and combined clinical‐radiomic model, respectively. C‐index for OS were 0.77 (0.66–0.89), 0.84 (0.76–0.91) and 0.90 (0.81–0.98). In the Kaplan‐Meier analysis (low‐IPI vs. high‐IPI), the radiomic score was significant predictor of PFS (p < 0.001). The radiomic score was an independent prognostic biomarker of survival in DLBCL patients. The extraction of RFs from baseline 18F‐FDG‐PET might be proposed in DLBCL to stratify high‐risk versus low‐risk patients of relapse after first‐line therapy, especially in low‐IPI patients.
“Health in All Policies” in Norwegian municipalities—Dilemmas and lack of legitimacy and capacity
Authors: Amdam Roar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccording to the Health in All Policies (HiAP) approach, public health work in Norway is regarded as a multi‐actor collaboration based on planning and partnership for the purpose of enabling people to increase their control over their health and its determinants. HiAP builds largely on the governance and communicative turn in the public sector and thus exists in the shadow of a vertical government structure with sectors, silos and a chain of command. In practice, HiAP challenges the established way of thinking and acting in the silos and tries to create a more holistic understanding and handling of problems and needs. In order to successfully involve different sectors and government levels in this work, HiAP requires strong democratic legitimacy and institutional capacity. In this article, we discuss the empirical research data on the HiAP approach in Norway within the context of theory on collaborative planning processes and legitimising political capacity to act. Our research question is whether the HiAP approach in Norwegian municipalities have sufficient democratic legitimacy and institutional capacity to achieve the purpose of public health work. In general, we find that HIAP as practised in Norwegian municipalities does not function as a complete political legitimising and capacity building process. The practice contains several dilemmas, and there is a need to distinguish between different forms of legitimacy and capacity.
Effects of the aroma of lemone verbena (Aloysia citriodoraPaláu) essential oil on anxiety and the hemodynamic profile before cesarean section: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Haryalchi Katayoun , Kazemi Aski Soudabeh , Mansour Ghanaie Mandana , Fotouhi Masoumeh , Mansoori Roghayeh , Sadraei Seyed Mahdi , Yaghobi Yasaman , Olangian‐Tehrani Sepehr 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAromatherapy is a noninvasive method used for alleviating anxiety. Lemon verbena (Aloysia citriodoraPaláu, LV) has been frequently used in traditional medicine as an anxiolytic agent due to its pharmacological ingredients.ObjectiveThis randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of inhaling essential oil of LV on the level of anxiety and subsequent hemodynamic changes before cesarean section.MethodsThe recent study was a randomized single‐blind trial. Participants (n = 84) were randomly divided into two groups: LV essential oil (group A) and placebo (group B). The intervention group underwent aromatherapy using three drops of LV essential oil at a distance of 10 cm for 30 min. The placebo group received aromatherapy in a similar fashion. The State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory of Spielberger questionnaire was administered before and 5 min after aroma inhalation. Vital signs were recorded before and after aromatherapy. Likewise, pain severity was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale and vital signs were recorded. Data were analyzed usingt‐test,χ2, and the Kolmogrov–Smirnov test through SPSS21 software.ResultsAnxiety level was significantly attenuated in group A after aromatherapy. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure decreased after inhalation; but no significant variation of pain scores was observed after inhalation in both groups.ConclusionWe concluded that LV decreased preoperative anxiety in this recent study, therefore, aromatherapy with LV essential oil as a preemptive adjuvant to relieve anxiety before cesarean section is recommended by us; although more studies are required to endorse the results.
Is sleep longitudinally related to children's achievement, executive function and classroom behaviour?
Authors: Woods Adrienne D. , Jiao June L. , Morgan Paul L. , Buxton Orfeu M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this registered report, we evaluated how sleep is related to school functioning. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3002), we evaluated a series of structural equation models evaluating whether sleep at age 5 has a direct or indirect effect on academic achievement, executive function and classroom behaviour at age 9, and whether this relation is moderated by race or ethnicity, poverty, maternal education or disability. We found that sleep duration (but not other aspects of sleep health) had a direct, linear relation to attention problems, acting‐out behaviours and executive functions, as well as an indirect effect on academic achievement through executive functions. We also found that this model was moderated by disability, poverty, maternal education and race or ethnicity. Our results suggest that experiencing insufficient amounts of sleep may have a disproportionately negative effect on children with disabilities or children whose mothers received less education. Initiatives to promote healthy sleep habits, including increasing sleep duration among these groups, may thus also indirectly raise measures of achievement.