bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An archetypal determination of mobile cloud computing for emergency applications using decision tree algorithm
Authors: Hai Tao , Zhou Jincheng , Lu Ye , Jawawi Dayang N. A. , Wang Dan , Selvarajan Shitharth , Manoharan Hariprasath , Ibeke Ebuka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNumerous users are experiencing unsafe communications due to the growth of big network mediums, where no node communication is detected in emergency scenarios. Many people find it difficult to communicate in emergency situations as a result of such communications. In this paper, a mobile cloud computing procedure is implemented in the suggested technique in order to prevent such circumstances, and to make the data transmission process more effective. An analytical framework that addresses five significant minimization and maximization objective functions is used to develop the projected model. Additionally, all mobile cloud computing nodes are designed with strong security, ensuring that all the resources are allocated appropriately. In order to isolate all the active functions, the analytical framework is coupled with a machine learning method known as Decision Tree. The suggested approach benefits society because all cloud nodes can extend their assistance in times of need at an affordable operating and maintenance cost. The efficacy of the proposed approach is tested in five scenarios, and the results of each scenario show that it is significantly more effective than current case studies on an average of 86%.
Levelized profits for residential PV-battery systems and the role of regulatory and fiscal aspects in Germany
Authors: Kuckshinrichs Wilhelm , Ball Christopher Stephen , Aniello Gianmarco 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), expressing the price per unit that a technology must receive over its lifetime to break even, is a useful indicator, but insufficient for a comprehensive investment appraisal of PV-battery (PV-BES) projects. For household PV-BES systems, aimed at prosumers in the German context, our paper seeks to look at the revenue side in addition to the costs side of the investment decision. We extend the LROE (levelized revenue of electricity) to consider the impact of different fiscal options available to households seeking to install PV-BES systems. From this, we calculate the levelized profit of electricity (LPOE), linking the cost-focused and revenue-focused perspectives of prosumers facing investment options. We calculate the LPOE for six different fiscal options available to prosumers, four household types with different socio-economic characteristics and for different sizes of PV-BES systems.

Results
In terms of preliminary results, we identify the most advantageous fiscal option and the drivers of LPOE in relation to PV-BES systems in Germany. We find that the switching from the standard to small business tax setup is the optimal fiscal option for all households and all technology combinations, but the optimal income tax decision depends on the present value of revenues compared to tax deductibles. The LPOE is particularly sensitive to changes in CAPEX and retail electricity prices, with the FiT rate, VAT rate and Income Tax rate being somewhat influential. From an LPOE perspective, self-consumption is incentivized through lower FiT rates and higher electricity prices, whereas the abolition of the EEG contribution and low FiT rate adversely affect the LPOE of different options. Stand-alone PV remains the most attractive option, with bundles with storage showing weaker profitability performance.

Conclusions
LPOE complements the LCOE and LROE indicators and offers a comprehensive investment analysis, integrating fiscal considerations. Moreover, it offers greater guidance as to the relative attractiveness of different technology configurations and technology sizing. Mechanisms could be implemented to enhance the profitability of residential PV-BES systems in line with energy policy objectives.
Genetic basis of STEM occupational choice and regional economic performance: a UK biobank genome-wide association study
Authors: Zhu Chen , Zhao Qiran , He Jianbo , Böckerman Petri , Luo Siyang , Chen Qihui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals are regarded as the highly skilled labor force that fosters economic productivity, enterprise innovation, and international competitiveness of a country. This study aims to understand the genetic predisposition to STEM occupations and investigate its associations with regional economic performance. We conducted a genome-wide association study on the occupational choice of STEM jobs based on a sample of 178,976 participants from the UK Biobank database.

Results
We identified two genetic loci significantly associated with participants’ STEM job choices: rs10048736 on chromosome 2 and rs12903858 on chromosome 15. The SNP heritability of STEM occupations was estimated to be 4.2%. We also found phenotypic and genetic evidence of assortative mating in STEM occupations. At the local authority level, we found that the average polygenic score of STEM is significantly and robustly associated with several metrics of regional economic performance.

Conclusions
The current study expands our knowledge of the genetic basis of occupational choice and potential regional disparities in socioeconomic developments.
SARS-Cov-2 infection and neuropathological findings: a report of 18 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Lebrun Laetitia , Absil Lara , Remmelink Myriam , De Mendonça Ricardo , D’Haene Nicky , Gaspard Nicolas , Rusu Stefan , Racu Marie-Lucie , Collin Amandine , Allard Justine , Zindy Egor , Schiavo Andrea Alex , De Clercq Sarah , De Witte Olivier , Decaestecker Christine , Lopes Maria-Beatriz , Salmon Isabelle 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
COVID-19-infected patients harbour neurological symptoms such as stroke and anosmia, leading to the hypothesis that there is direct invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by SARS-CoV-2. Several studies have reported the neuropathological examination of brain samples from patients who died from COVID-19. However, there is still sparse evidence of virus replication in the human brain, suggesting that neurologic symptoms could be related to mechanisms other than CNS infection by the virus. Our objective was to provide an extensive review of the literature on the neuropathological findings of postmortem brain samples from patients who died from COVID-19 and to report our own experience with 18 postmortem brain samples.

Material and methods
We used microscopic examination, immunohistochemistry (using two different antibodies) and PCR-based techniques to describe the neuropathological findings and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in postmortem brain samples. For comparison, similar techniques (IHC and PCR) were applied to the lung tissue samples for each patient from our cohort. The systematic literature review was conducted from the beginning of the pandemic in 2019 until June 1st, 2022.

Results
In our cohort, the most common neuropathological findings were perivascular haemosiderin-laden macrophages and hypoxic-ischaemic changes in neurons, which were found in all cases (n = 18). Only one brain tissue sample harboured SARS-CoV-2 viral spike and nucleocapsid protein expression, while all brain cases harboured SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity by PCR. A colocalization immunohistochemistry study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 antigens could be located in brain perivascular macrophages.
The literature review highlighted that the most frequent neuropathological findings were ischaemic and haemorrhagic lesions, including hypoxic/ischaemic alterations. However, few studies have confirmed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in brain tissue samples.

Conclusion
This study highlighted the lack of specific neuropathological alterations in COVID-19-infected patients. There is still no evidence of neurotropism for SARS-CoV-2 in our cohort or in the literature.
A comprehensive evaluation of the development degree and internal impact factors of desiccation cracking in the Sanxingdui archaeological site
Authors: Yao Xue , Zhao Fan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Desiccation cracking is a common deterioration that occurs in archaeological excavation sites and greatly threatens long-term preservation. The aim of this research is to comprehensively evaluate the development degree of desiccation cracking (DOC) and explore the relationships between soil properties and its development. Seven indicators are selected to comprehensively describe the DOC, and principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to calculate the weight of each indicator. Linear correlation analysis (LCA) is adopted to calculate the correlations of six soil properties and DOC. The results showed that each indicator has an influence on the DOC. The clay particle content, clay mineral content, and plasticity index showed a positive correlation with the DOC, and the moisture content showed a negative correlation. This research proposed a comprehensive evaluation method to describe the development degree of deterioration at the earthen site, and the results revealed the internal factors influencing desiccation cracking from a qualitative perspective, which can lay a foundation for further conservation research.
Impact of essential oils on seed quality and seed-borne pathogens of Althea officinalis seeds of different ages
Authors: Terzić Dragan , Tabaković Marijenka , Oro Violeta , Poštić Dobrivoj , Štrbanović Ratibor , Filipović Vladimir , Stanisavljević Rade 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The cultivation of medicinal plants is a promising alternative to overcoming problems in the overharvesting of wild plants and ecosystem degradation. Cultivation depends upon two major factors: seed quality and the presence of seed-borne pathogens. Organic production of marshmallow plants (Altheaofficinalis L.) does not allow for the use of conventional pesticides. This study aimed to find an environmentally safe solution and the equilibrium between seed germination and the presence of fungal pathogens. The study was performed on a population of marshmallows which were cultivated for a period of 3 years (2018–2020) in Pančevo, The Republic of Serbia. The following six essential oils: Origanumvulgare L.,Cinnamomumcassia Presl.,Ocimumbasilicum L.,Carumcarvi L.,Menthapiperita L.,Lavandulaangustifolia Mill. at five concentrations (1%, 0.5%, 0.2%, 0.02%, 0.002%) were used for seed treatment along with water and PEG-40 (emulsifier) as controls. Germination, dormant seeds, dead seeds, abnormal seedlings and the presence of seed-borne pathogens were determined under laboratory conditions.

Results
Among the aforementioned treatments using oregano, cinnamon, basil, caraway, mint, and lavender essential oils, the most effective treatment resulted with lavender essential oil at a concentration of 0.02% in 3-year-old seeds. The highest values for seed germination and dead seeds were 46% and 20% in 3-year-old seeds, respectively. This treatment increased seed germination by 13%, and seedling growth i.e., the growth of seedling stems and radicles by 24–35%, respectively. It also reduced the presence of seed-borne fungal pathogens from 53 to 100%.

Conclusions
The results revealed that an increase in seed germination rate and simultaneous reduction in seed-borne fungal infection was achieved with the lavender essential oil seed treatments. This is the first discovery of the stimulating effect of lavender essential oil on seed quality parameters. Furthermore, the study demonstrates its potential application in seed processing in the organic production of marshmallow plants.

Graphical Abstract
Whole genome level analysis of the DEATH protein superfamily in sheep (Ovis aries) and their coordination relationship in regulating lactation
Authors: Gai Zhongchao , Hu Songhao , He Yujiao , Gong Guoli , Zhao Jieqiong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Sheep milk is a nutritional and health-promoting food source for humans. The DEATH superfamily is a conserved protein family, and some of its members are closely related to lactation. Systematic studies of the members of the DEATH superfamily are important for further understanding its functions in the mammary gland during lactation; however, there studies are currently lacking.

Results
Herein, 74 members of the DEATH superfamily were identified in sheep, and phylogenetic analyses indicated that four subfamilies were strongly correlated in evolution. The Ka/Ks calculations demonstrated that negative selection was the primary pressure acting on DEATH members; however, the immune-related gene IFI203 was undergoing strong positive selection in sheep. Furthermore, in the late pregnancy and lactation period, these DEATH genes exhibited similar expression patterns under different nutritional conditions in the mammary gland, and four subfamilies were positively correlated in expression patterns. Additionally, half or more DEATH genes were upregulated in the lactation period, which implied their crucial roles in the lactation of sheep.

Conclusions
The current research contributes to a better understanding of the evolutionary characteristics of the DEATH superfamily and their roles in sheep lactation, and it also provides potential target genes for the molecular breeding of dairy sheep.

Graphical Abstract
Sulfur reduction distillation of sulfides and verification of the effect of sulfur isotopic fractionation during pretreatment
Authors: Jo Jaeguk , Yamanaka Toshiro , Chiba Hitoshi , Shin Dongbok 
Published: May 2023

AbstractToxic gases can be emitted when sulfides form compounds with heavy metals; thus, a series of pretreatments are required prior to the analysis of sulfur isotope ratios to remove unnecessary elements. In addition, it is necessary to verify the effect of sulfur isotope fractionation caused by the plurality of sulfides comprising different sulfide species during the pretreatment process. In this study, H2S(gas) was extracted from mixed sulfides comprising pyrite and galena and reacted with mixed acids (i.e., HCl + HI + H3PO2) at 200 °C, in sealed conditions filled with N2. Subsequently, CdS(s) was precipitated from the reaction with H2S(gas) in a trap filled with Cd(CH3COO)2(aq). CdS(s) was then ionized to SO42−(aq) after reacting with H2O2(l), followed by the addition of BaCl2(l) to precipitate BaSO4(s). The sulfur isotope values of the products (barite: av. 5.9‰) were lower than those of the reactants (sulfides: av. 6.9‰); this is attributed to the preferential fractionation of galena with a low isotope ratio when converting sulfide to H2S(gas). Therefore, in the pretreatment process for the sulfur isotope analysis of a sample composed of a sulfide mixture, the effect of isotope fractionation between sulfur species should be considered.
A rare case of pyosalpinx in adolescent girl with Hirschsprung’s disease who underwent transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage
Authors: Sugai Yu , Kinoshita Yoshiaki , Kobayashi Takashi , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Arai Yuhki , Ohyama Toshiyuki , Yokota Naoki , Takano Shoichi , Kobayashi Akiko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Hydrosalpinx and pyosalpinx are rare gynecologic problems during adolescence, especially in girls without a history of sexual activity. They are even rarer in women with Hirschsprung’s disease (HD). We herein report a case of pyosalpinx in an adolescent girl with HD treated by transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage.

Case presentation
The present patient was a 12-year-old girl (weight 83 kg; height 159 cm; body mass index 32.8 kg/m2). She had undergone five laparotomies for long-segment HD by 2 years. Her menarche had occurred at 10 years. She was admitted with lower abdominal and anal pain. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and transvaginal ultrasound showed left pyosalpinx and abdominal abscess. Surgical drainage was necessary; however, she had a history of polysurgery and was severely obese, so laparotomy was considered to carry a high risk. Transvaginal ultrasound was deemed more likely to reach the abscess safely. Therefore, she was treated with transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage by a gynecologist skilled in the procedure. She was discharged home after 52 days. One year and nine months after discharge, there was no reformation of either the abscess or pyosalpinx.

Conclusions
Adolescent girls with HD are at risk of developing hydrosalpinx. Depending on the defecation status, pyosalpinx may also develop. As a less-invasive surgical treatment, transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage can avoid laparotomy. Collaboration with a gynecologist is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of this clinical condition. Pediatric surgeons should communicate with gynecologists for such cases beginning around puberty for continuous follow-up.
Bionic natural small molecule co-assemblies towards targeted and synergistic Chemo/PDT/CDT
Authors: Fu Shiyao , Wang Mingao , Li Bin , Li Xu , Cheng Jianjun , Zhao Haitian , Zhang Hua , Dong Aijun , Lu Weihong , Yang Xin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background

Multi-component nano-delivery systems based on chemotherapy (chemo)- photodynamic therapy (PDT)- chemodynamic therapy (CDT) have gained increased attention as a promising strategy to improve clinical outcomes in cancer treatment. However, there remains a challenge in developing biodegradable, biocompatible, less toxic, yet highly efficient multicomponent nanobased drug delivery systems (DDS). Here, our study presents the screening and development of a novel DDS based on co-assemblies natural small molecule (NSMs). These molecules (oleanolic acid, and betulinic acid) are combined with photosensitizers Chlorine6 (Ce6) and Cu
2+
that are encapsulated by tumor cell membranes. This nanocarrier encapsulated in tumor cell membranes achieved good tumor targeting and a significant improvement in tumor accumulation.

Methods

A reprecipitation method was used to prepare the co-assembled nanocarrier, followed by the introduction of Cu
2 +
into the DDS (OABACe6 NPs). Then, by wrapping the surface of NPs with the cell membranes of 4T1 which is a kind of mouse breast cancer cells (CM@OABACe6/Cu NPs). and analysis of its structure and size distribution with UV–Vis, XPS, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and DLS. The synergistic effects of in vitro chemotherapy, CDT and PDT and targeting were also validated by cellular and animal studies.

Results

It was shown that CM@OABACe6/Cu NPs achieved good tumor targeting and a significant improvement in tumor accumulation. In the composite nano-assembly, the NSMs work together with the Ce6 to provide effective and safe chemo and PDT. Moreover, the effect of reduced PDT due to the depletion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by excess glutathione (GSH) in the tumor can be counteracted when Cu
2 +
is introduced. More importantly, it also confers CDT through a Fenton-like catalytic reaction with H
2
O overexpressed at the tumor site.

Conclusions
By constructing CM@OABACe6/Cu NPs with homologous targeting, we create a triple synergistic platform for cancer therapy using PDT, chemo, and CDT. We propose here a novel combinatorial strategy for designing more naturally co-assembled small molecules, especially for the development of multifunctional synergistic therapies that utilize NSMs.
The benefit of vegetarian diets for reducing blood pressure in Taiwan: a historically prospective cohort study
Authors: Feng Hsin-Pei , Yu Pi-Ching , Huang Shi-Hao , Huang Yao-Ching , Chen Chin Fu , Sun Chien-An , Wang Bill-Long , Chien Wu-Chien , Chiang Chun-Hsien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
Past vegetarians research has often found that they have lower blood pressure (BP). Effects may include their lower BMI and higher intake levels of fruit and vegetables. Besides, the study pursues to extend this evidence in a diverse population containing vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarians and omnivores.

Design
The study analyzed data on five hundred vigorous individuals aged 20 years or older from a standard medical screening program and provided validated questionnaire. Criteria were established for vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, partial vegetarian and omnivorous dietary patterns.

Setting
Health screening programs were conducted at a standard medical screening program in Taiwan between 2006 and 2017. Dietary data were gathered by self-administered questionnaire.

Subjects
Five hundred Taiwanese subjects representing the cohort.

Results
Multiple regression analyses confirmed that the vegan vegetarians had lower systolic and diastolic BP (mmHg) than omnivorous Taiwanese (β =  − 6.8, p < 0.05 and β =  − 6.9, p < 0.001). Findings for lacto-ovo vegetarians (β =  − 9.1, p < 0.001 and β =  − 5.8, p < 0.001) were similar. The vegetarians were also less likely to be using antihypertensive medications. Defining hypertension as systolic BP > 139 mmHg or diastolic BP > 89 mmHg or routine of antihypertensive medications, the odds ratio of hypertension compared with omnivores was 0.37 (95% CI = 0.19–0.74), 0.57 (95% CI = 0.36–0.92) and 0.92 (95% CI = 0.50–1.70), respectively, for vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarians and partial vegetarians. Results were reduced after adjustment for BMI.

Conclusions
The study concludes from this relatively large study that vegetarians, especially vegans, with otherwise diverse characteristics but stable diets, do have lower systolic and diastolic BP and less hypertension than omnivores.
Sustainable small ports: performance assessment tool for management, responsibility, impact, and self-monitoring
Authors: Brunila Olli-Pekka , Kunnaala-Hyrkki Vappu , Inkinen Tommi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a conceptual performance assessment tool for evaluating the environmental performance in small seaports. The developed tool is based and built based on a literature review. Ports, depending on their size, tend to have several sustainability and environmental management needs. However, especially small or cargo specialized ports do not often have sufficient resources to implement environmental effectiveness enhancing tools, even if they need them. This paper reviews international quality and environmental management tools, standards, and selected frameworks. These include International Organization for Standardization standards, and Global Reporting Initiative and Corporate Social Responsibility concepts. Because checklist type self-diagnosis solutions are the easiest to adopt, and universally most applicable, the proposed environmental performance measurement tool has four specific categories: (1) environmental management; (2) responsibility; (3) impact assessment; and (4) self-monitoring. The proposed tool allows the ports to assess whether their environmental management practices are comparable to more expensive standards and certificates. The paper concludes with a discussion on the limitations and challenges related to different port types and their specific needs.