bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food anaphylaxis diagnostic marker compilation in machine learning design and validation
Authors: Randhawa Inderpal S. , Groshenkov Kirill , Sigalov Grigori 
Published: April 2023

Background
Traditional food allergy assessment of anaphylaxis remains limited in accuracy and accessibility. Current methods of anaphylaxis risk assessment are costly with low predictive accuracy. The Tolerance Induction Program (TIP) for anaphylactic patients undergoing TIP immunotherapy produced large-scale diagnostic data across biosimilar proteins, which was used to develop a machine learning model for patient-specific and allergen-specific anaphylaxis assessment. In explanation of construct, this work describes the algorithm design for assignment of peanut allergen score as a quantitative measure of anaphylaxis risk. Secondarily, it confirms the accuracy of the machine learning model for a specific cohort of food anaphylactic children.

Methods and results
Machine learning model design for allergen score prediction utilized 241 individual allergy assays per patient. Accumulation of data across total IgE subdivision served as the basis of data organization. Two regression based Generalized Linear Models (GLM) were utilized to position allergy assessment on a linear scale. The initial model was further tested with sequential patient data over time. A Bayesian method was then used to improve outcomes by calculating the adaptive weights for the results of the two GLMs of peanut allergy score prediction. A linear combination of both provided the final hybrid machine learning prediction algorithm. Specific analysis of peanut anaphylaxis within one endotype model is estimated to predict the severity of possible anaphylactic reaction to peanut with a recall of 95.2% on a dataset of 530 juvenile patients with various food allergies, including but not limited to peanut allergy. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis yielded over 99% AUC (area under curve) results within peanut allergy prediction.

Conclusions
Machine learning algorithm design established from comprehensive molecular allergy data produces high accuracy and recall in anaphylaxis risk assessment. Subsequent design of additional food protein anaphylaxis algorithms is needed to improve the precision and efficiency of clinical food allergy assessment and immunotherapy treatment.
Feeling safe or falling through the cracks—Patients’ experiences of healthcare in cirrhosis illness: A qualitative study
Authors: Hjorth Maria , Svanberg Anncarin , Sjöberg Daniel , Rorsman Fredrik , Kaminsky Elenor 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPatients with cirrhosis have a long-lasting relationship with medical personnel. Hierarchy in the healthcare contacts and feeling stigmatised may affect the patient’s interactions with these care providers. Despite healthcare professionals’ awareness of patients’ increased self-care needs, patients report getting insufficient information and support. The patients’ expectations and experiences of interacting with healthcare professionals in cirrhosis care is hence a research area that needs further investigation.PurposeTo capture patients’ descriptions of healthcare experiences in relation to cirrhosis illness.Material and methodsData comprise semi-structured interviews (N = 18) and open-ended questionnaire responses (N = 86) of patients with cirrhosis. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis process was used, including both semantic and inductive elements. The study is reported following the COREQ guidelines.FindingsThe analysis resulted in two themes: 1) Struggle to be in a dialogue and 2) Being helped or harmed. Six sub-themes were identified concerning aspects of experiences within each theme during the analysis. These sub-themes included: ‘getting information’, ‘being involved’, ‘being perceived as a person’, ‘enduring care’, ‘feeling lost in the healthcare organisation’, and ‘not being taken care of’.ConclusionsPatients with cirrhosis express concerns regarding where to turn in the continuum of cirrhosis care. They emphasise the importance of being involved in the dialogue with the healthcare professional, to be perceived as a person with a unique need to be informed. The healthcare organisation and continuity of care are either viewed as confusing or as helping to shape a safe and trustful contact, which was an important difference in feeling helped or harmed. Hence, patients wished for improved collaboration with healthcare professionals and to receive increased information about their disease. Person-centred communication in nurse-led clinics may increase patient satisfaction and prevent patients from falling through the cracks.
Retention strategies among those on community supervision in the South: Lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Uhrig Castonguay Breana J. , LeMasters Katherine , Corsi Chris , Batty Evan J. , Krajewski Taylor J. , Travis Madelene , Waleed Craig , Oser Carrie B. , Nowotny Kathryn M. , Brinkley-Rubinstein Lauren 
Published: April 2023

Objectives
Cohort studies must implement effective retention strategies to produce internally valid and generalizable results. Ensuring all study participants are retained, particularly those involved in the criminal legal system, ensures study findings and future interventions will be relevant to this group, who are often lost to follow-up: critical to achieving health equity. Our objective was to characterize retention strategies and describe overall retention among an 18-month longitudinal cohort study of persons on community supervision prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We implemented various retention strategy best-practices (e.g., multiple forms of locator information, training study staff on rapport building, study-branded items). During the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed and describe new retention strategies. We calculated overall retention and analyzed differences between those retained and lost to follow-up by demographic characteristics.

Results
Prior to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, 227 participants enrolled across three sites (N = 46 North Carolina; N = 99 Kentucky; N = 82 Florida). Of these, 180 completed the final 18-month visit, 15 were lost to follow-up, and 32 were ineligible. This resulted in an overall retention of 92.3% (180/195). While most participant characteristics did not differ by retention status, a greater proportion of those experiencing unstable housing were lost to follow-up.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight that when retention strategies are flexible, particularly during a pandemic, high retention is still achievable. In addition to retention best-practices (e.g., frequent requests for updated locator information) we suggest other studies consider retention strategies beyond the study participant (e.g., paying participant contacts) and incentivize on-time study visit completion (e.g., providing a bonus when completed the study visit on time).
’More of the same, but worse than before’: A qualitative study of the challenges encountered by people who use drugs in Nova Scotia, Canada during COVID-19
Authors: Comeau Emilie , Bonn Matthew , Wildeman Sheila , Herder Matthew 
Published: April 2023

Background
To learn about the experiences of people who use drugs, specifically opioids, in the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM), in Nova Scotia, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic through qualitative interviews with people who use drugs and healthcare providers (HCP). This study took place within the HRM, a municipality of 448,500 people [1]. During the pandemic many critical services were interrupted while overdose events increased. We wanted to understand the experiences of people who use drugs as well as their HCPs during the first year of the pandemic.

Methodology
We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 13 people who use drugs and 6 HCPs, including physicians who work in addiction medicine (3), a pharmacist, a nurse, and a community-based opioid agonist therapy (OAT) program staff member. Participants were recruited within HRM. Interviews were held via phone or videoconference due to social distancing directives. Interviews focused on the challenges people who use drugs and HCPs faced during the pandemic as well as elicited perspectives on a safe supply of drugs and the associated barriers and facilitators to the provision of a safe supply.

Results
Of the 13 people who use drugs who participated in this study, ages ranged from 21–55 years (mean 40). Individuals had spent on average 17 years in HRM. Most people who use drugs (85%, n = 11) utilized income assistance, the Canadian Emergency Response Benefit, or disability support. Many had experienced homelessness (85%, n = 11) and almost half (46%, n = 6) were currently precariously housed in the shelter system. The main themes among interviews (people who use drugs and HCPs) were housing, accessing healthcare and community services, shifts in the drug supply, and perspectives on safe supply.

Conclusions
We identified several challenges that people who use drugs face in general, but especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Access to services, housing support, and interventions to use safely at home were limited. As many challenges faced by people who use drugs exist outside of COVID-19, we concluded that the formal and informal interventions and changes in practice that were made to support people who use drugs should be sustained well past the end of the pandemic. The need for enhanced community supports and a safe supply of drugs, despite its complicated nature, is essential for the health and safety of people who use drugs in HRM, especially during COVID-19.
High levels of pro-inflammatory SARS-CoV-2-specific biomarkers revealed by in vitro whole blood cytokine release assay (CRA) in recovered and long-COVID-19 patients
Authors: Gomes Shayane Martins Rodrigues , Brito Andréia Carolinne de Souza , Manfro Wânia Ferraz Pereira , Ribeiro-Alves Marcelo , Ribeiro Roberto Stefan de Almeida , da Cal Mariana Soares , Lisboa Vinicius da Cunha , Abreu Daniel Paiva Barros de , Castilho Leda dos Reis , Porto Luís Cristóvão de Moares Sobrino , Mafort Thiago Thomáz , Lopes Agnaldo José , da Silva Silvia Amaral Gonçalves , Dutra Patrícia Maria Lourenço , Rodrigues Luciana Silva 
Published: April 2023

Background
Cytokines induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and hyperinflammatory responses have been associated with poor clinical outcomes, with progression to severe conditions or long-term subacute complications named as long-COVID-19.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate a set of antigen-specific inflammatory cytokines in blood from recovered COVID-19 individuals or who suffered a post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to healthy individuals with no history of COVID-19 exposition or infection. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IFN-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17A were quantified by multiplex cytometric bead assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after stimulation of whole blood with recombinant Spike protein from SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, all participants have evaluated for anti-(S) protein-specific IgG antibodies. Clinical specimens were collected within two months of COVID-19 diagnosis.

Results
A total of 47 individuals were enrolled in the study, a median age of 43 years (IQR = 14.5), grouped into healthy individuals with no history of infection or exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (unexposed group; N = 21); and patients from the Health Complex of the Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Brazil, who were SARS-CoV-2 positive by RT-PCR (COVID-19 group)–categorized as recovered COVID-19 (N = 11) or long-COVID-19 (N = 15). All COVID-19 patients presented at least one signal or symptom during the first two weeks of infection. Six patients were hospitalized and required invasive mechanical ventilation. Our results showed that COVID-19 patients had significantly higher levels of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IP-10 than the unexposed group. The long-COVID-19 group has presented significantly high levels of IL-1β and IL-6 compared to unexposed individuals, but not from recovered COVID-19. A principal-component analysis demonstrated 84.3% of the total variance of inflammatory-SARS-CoV-2 response in the first two components, and it was possible to stratify IL-6, TNF, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-2 as the top-five cytokines which are candidates to discriminate COVID-19 group (including long-COVID-19 subgroup) and healthy unexposed individuals.

Conclusion
We revealed important S protein-specific differential biomarkers in individuals affected by COVID-19, bringing new insights into the inflammatory status or SARS-CoV-2 exposition determination.
Prescribing errors in a Brazilian teaching hospital: Causes and underlying factors from the perspective of junior doctors
Authors: Bonella Gislaine F. , Alves Letícia da S. , Souza Alicia R. N. D. de , Silva Carlos H. M. da 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionIn university hospital settings most prescriptions are written by junior doctors, who are more likely to make prescribing errors than experienced doctors. Prescribing errors can cause serious harm to patients and drug harm differs among low, middle and high-income countries. In Brazil, few studies have investigated the causes of these errors. Our aim was to explore medication prescribing errors in a teaching hospital, their causes, and underlying factors from the perspective of junior doctors.MethodQualitative, descriptive and exploratory study that used a semi-structured individual interview with questions related to the planning and execution of prescriptions. It was conducted with 34 junior doctors who graduated from twelve different universities located in six Brazilian states. The data were analyzed according to the Reason’s Accident Causation model.ResultsAmong the 105 errors reported, medication omission stood out. Most errors resulted from unsafe acts during execution, followed by mistakes and violations. Many errors reached the patients; unsafe acts of rule violations and slips accounted for the majority. Work overload and time pressure were the most frequently reported causes. Difficulties faced by the National Health System and organizational problems were identified as latent conditions.ConclusionThe results reaffirm international findings about the severity of prescribing errors and the multifactorial aspect of their causes. Unlike other studies, we found a large number of violations, which, from the interviewees’ perspectives, are related to socioeconomic and cultural patterns. The violations were not seen or mentioned by the interviewees as violations, but as difficulties in accomplishing their tasks on time. Knowing these patterns and perspectives is important for implementing strategies to improve the safety of both patients and professionals involved in the medication process. It is suggested that the exploitation culture of junior doctors’ work be discouraged and that their training be improved and prioritized.
Fish Stock Status Assessment in Alue Naga Waters Using A 200 Khz Single Beam Echosounder
Authors: Purnawan Syahrul , Karina Sofyatuddin , Kang Myounghee , Manik Henry 
Published: April 2023

Monitoring fish stocks is an important part of sustainable management of fisheries resources. Conducting the current evaluation is very difficult since there are no reliable data on the potential for fisheries in the waters surrounding Banda Aceh city. The hydroacoustic method was used for the first time in the waters of Alue Naga, located north of Banda Aceh, to evaluate the condition of fish stocks. A single beam scientific echosounder with a frequency of 200 kHz was used to collect hydroacoustic data in the area. The collected data was then processed using the Sonar5-Pro software. Cell integration was carried out at an interval of 10 meters vertically with an elementary sampling distance (ESD) of 200 m. While the volume backscattering strength (SV) value tends to be the highest in intermediate layers, the target strength (TS) value was found to be maximum in deeper layer, reaching a maximum value of -49.46 dB at a depth of 51–60 m. Area density value (#.ha-1) was found to be the highest at a depth of 11-20 m, while Biomass (g.ha-1) at a depth of 21-30 m was the highest among other depth layers with a value of 1558 g.ha-1. According to the in-situ catches of Carangoides, Selaroides, Aphareus, Variola, and Priacanthidae, there are a number of potential reef fish resources in the waters of Alue Naga. The findings of this study strongly support the conclusion that the hydroacoustic method effectively provides comprehensive information on the horizontal and vertical distribution of fish in Alue Naga waters.
In vitro biomedical corrosion and enzyme activity inhibition on modified Cu-Zn-Al bioalloy
Authors: Herenda Safija , Asanović Vanja , Hasković Edhem , Radonjić Dragan , Šćepanović Jelena 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The amperometric biosensor was created using a flat sheet of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy, with a shiny surface and uniform thickness below 1 mm. The high biocompatibility and a large specific surface area for enzyme loading are evaluated. In vitro biomedical corrosion testing of samples revealed successful immobilization of catalase, which has undergone quasi-reversible electron transfer from the surface and saline solution. A catalase that had been immobilized retained its basic structure and bioactivity and demonstrated a remarkable electrocatalytic response to hydrogen peroxide reduction. The reduction of hydrogen peroxide on the catalase-modified Cu-25.38Zn-3.3Al alloy was investigated using hydrodynamic amperometry in both the absence and presence of l-cysteine and K2[B3O3F4OH] inhibitors. Catalytic reduction currents have increased as a result of the gradual increase in hydrogen peroxide concentration. The study on enzyme activity inhibition has shown a lower corrosion rate of catalase-modified bioalloy than the initial sample because inhibitor ions occupy all sites of the immobilized enzyme.
The antibacterial and cytocompatibility of the polyurethane nanofibrous scaffold containing curcumin for wound healing applications
Authors: Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Abed Azher M. , Altimari Usama S. , Eid Marwa M. , Karim Yasir Salam , Elkholi Safaa M. , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Jalil Abduladheem Turki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In today’s world, wound healing is a growing serious problem for clinical institutes. In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared using polyurethane as a mat scaffold. Also, by immersing curcumin as an antibacterial component another scaffold was fabricated using the electrospinning technique. The obtained scaffolds were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, tensile analysis, porosity, and water vapor transmission rate. MTT and DAPI staining were used to prove the biocompatibility and cell attachment of the nanofibers. The curcumin incorporated into the PU scaffold can stop both the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria activities through direct contact with them. Studies showed that the PU/Curcumin scaffold has considerable ability to play a key role in wound healing applications.
The Purposes of Tort Law
Authors: Kadner Graziano Thomas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
According to art 10:101 of the Principles of European Tort Law (PETL), tort law pursues two objectives: compensation and the prevention of harm. The following contribution argues that modern tort law pursues a much wider range of objectives. The author identifies a total of eleventh functions which interact and complement each other. He suggests for a future version of the PETL to explicitly mention the whole range of objectives. Naming the full range would facilitate the application of tort law and a teleological interpretation of its provisions, which is, alongside the grammatical interpretation, the most important method for legal interpretation in continental Europe.
Comparative analyses of surrogates of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents with metabolically healthy obesity vs. metabolically unhealthy obesity according to Damanhoury’s criteria
Authors: Mohamad Riham , Cakir Aydilek Dagdeviren , Ada Halil İbrahim , Uçar Ahmet 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has been reported with varying frequencies in children. The reasons of metabolically healthy phenotype in some obese subjects are unclear. Our aim was to identify the frequency of MHO in obese subjects, to assess the potential associations of demographic characteristics, serum uric acid, alanine transaminase (ALT), pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibsosis score probability (PNFS p) with MHO status and to evaluate the differences between MHO and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) with regard to metabolic syndrome surrogates.

Methods
251 consecutive obese subjects (125 females) aged 7–18 years were included. Subjects were classified as having MHO according to Damanhoury’s criteria. Several metabolic variables were measured, PNFS p was calculated by using the formula: z=1.1+(0.34*sqrt(ALT))+ (0.002*ALP)–(1.1*log(platelets)–(0.02*GGT).

Results
Median age of the subjects was 12.5 yr (range: 7.0–17.0 yr). The frequency of MHO was 41 %. Subjects with MHO were significantly younger, had lower waist circumference (WC) and waist height ratio (WHtR) and lower HOMA-IR than those without MHO(p<0.05 for all). Frequencies of hyperuricemia, hypertransaminasemia, hepatosteatosis and PNFS p values≥8 were similar betwen the groups. When putatively influential factors associated with MHO status were assessed with logistic regression analysis, only WC(β=1.03) and HOMA-IR(β=1.166) emerged as significant factors(Nagelkerke R2=0.142). None of the investigated demographic factors were associated with MHO status.

Conclusions
We found a remarkably high frequency of MHO status. Nevertheless, the absence of decreased frequencies of hyperuricemia, hypertransaminasemia and PNFS in subjects with MHO may suggest the need to reconsider the validity of the criteria defining MHO.
Tribological behaviour of industrial waste based agave sisalana/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites for marine applications
Authors: Rasu Karthick , Veerabathiran Anbumalar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Accumulation of industrial waste is a serious environmental problem, which lead to air and water pollution. Addition of industrial waste in polymer composites as reinforcement can enhance the various properties. To overcome this issue, an attempt has been made to investigate mechanical, tribological and water absorption behaviour of industrial waste (red mud) based sisal/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites and also no research has been done on this. In this work, prepared the composite specimens using sisal fiber (35, 30, 25 and 20 wt%), red mud (0, 5, 10 and 15 wt%) through hand layup technique. In addition to this, glass fiber (5 wt%) and polyester matrix (60 wt%) are kept as constant. From the results, it is observed that, enhanced mechanical properties, minimum wear behaviour and good water resistance were observed on 30 wt% of sisal fiber and 5 wt% of red mud filled composite and recommending this material for marine applications due to good water resistance in sea water. Morphological analysis shows fiber breakages, voids, wear debris, minor cracks, voids and delamination.
Crystal structure of bis{μ2-(4-acetyl-phenoxy)acetato-κ2
O:O′}-bis{μ2-(4-acetyl-phenoxy)acetato-κ3
O,O′:O)- bis{(4-acetyl-phenoxy)acetato-κ2
O,O′}-bis(phenanthrolin-κ2
N,N′)didysprosium(III) tetrahydrate, C84H78N4O28Dy2
Authors: Wang Li–Hua , Tai Hao–Wen , Zhao Mei–Li , Tai Xi–Shi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
C84H78N4O28Dy2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 12.3134(5) Å, b = 12.7705(5) Å, c = 14.5150(6) Å, α = 70.852(1)°, β = 80.298(1)°, γ = 65.726(1)°, V = 1964.05(14) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0381, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0682, T = 296.15 K.