bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the performance of non‐standard characteristics‐based overcurrent relays and their optimum coordination in distributed generators connected networks
Authors: Vala Tejas M. , Rajput Vipul N. , Al‐Sumaiti Ameena Saad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo handle the challenges attributed to the distributed generators, the protection system of distribution networks needs to be evolved. Recent protection schemes modify the standard characteristics of overcurrent relays, called non‐standard characteristics. These non‐standard characteristics are mostly case‐dependent and have limitations in solving the variety of protection challenges attributed to distributed generators. This paper analyses the performance of six voltage‐based non‐standard characteristics on photovoltaic distributed generators (PVDG) penetrated 3‐bus, 8‐bus, and IEEE 30‐bus distribution grid, as well as the 9‐bus Canadian radial distribution grid with synchronous distributed generator, wind turbine generator, and PVDG penetrations. Besides that, the optimum coordination of these non‐standard characteristics‐based overcurrent relays is a complex problem due to the involvement of additional controlling parameters. To find the best suitable method, a comparative analysis of the genetic algorithm, differential evolution, artificial bee colony, harmony search algorithm, firefly algorithm, cuckoo search algorithm and particle swarm optimization are performed for optimum relay coordination. The outcomes of the paper are thoroughly discussed for future research on non‐standard characteristics development.
Exploring the potential of shared electric vehicles from e‐mobility hubs as an alternative for commute and food shopping trips
Authors: Bösehans Gustav , Kavta Kuldeep , Bell Margaret Carol , Dissanayake Dilum 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectric shared mobility hubs, called eHUBs, offer users access to a range of shared electric vehicles, including e‐bikes, e‐cargobikes, and e‐cars. Through the diversity of modes offered, eHUBs provide mobility solutions for different target groups and trip purposes. In this study, potential users’ willingness to use shared electric vehicles from eHUBs as either a commute or food shopping trip alternative was analysed using logistic regression methods. Results indicated that half of respondents were willing to use shared electric vehicles for at least a few of their regular commute or food shopping trips, although this proportion dropped substantially if considering the use of shared vehicles in combination with public transport. Across modes and trip purposes, holding a pro‐shared mobility attitude and belonging to the youngest age group strongly increased the willingness to use shared modes. Yet, while eHUBS may offer a potential alternative for at least some of people's regular commute or food shopping trips, cross‐mode shifts may be limited. That is, car drivers show a greater interest in shared e‐cars, whereas cyclists show a greater interest in e‐bikes and e‐cargobikes with public transport. Further influential factors, as well as implications for both shared mobility providers and local authorities, are discussed.
Carrier synchronisation in multiband carrierless amplitude and phase modulation for visible light communication‐based IoT systems
Authors: Rodrigues Luís , Figueiredo Mónica , Alves Luís Nero , Ghassemlooy Zabih 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe technical feasibility of developing an Internet of Things multi‐user communication system is evaluated based on a central digital multiband carrierless amplitude and phase transmitter, which broadcasts data on multiple channels for a number of low‐cost/low‐power devices. It addresses the issue of carrier synchronisation, which is critical in real‐world implementations because of imperfections of devices and the delays of the system. A simulation model for the traditional Costas Loop is presented, along with performance results, which demonstrate the system's ability to synchronise with pull‐in and lock ranges of ±800 and ±900 Hz, respectively. The loop requires 1.194 ms to be in the locked state, allowing the system to lock within 6 symbols period. In addition, the authors measured the performance of the system in the presence of noise and interference from other modulated bands. The results showed that noise and interference did not degrade the system's performance. Although the system was unable to lock when energy was present in adjacent bands, alternative options such as a high order phase‐locked loop and hybrid frequency‐division multiple access and time‐division multiple access, can improve system performance without significantly increasing the cost and complexity of the devices.
Origin of anomalous instability of grid‐forming converters tied to stiff grid
Authors: Hong Zhenkun , Xu Hongsheng , Hou Zhuoqi , Zhan Meng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGrid‐forming (GFM) converter is believed to be highly promising in the future power systems, due to its ability of providing voltage and frequency support. However, some recent studies have shown that the GFM converter may suffer from instability in stiff grids, which seriously hampers its application. In this paper, the mechanism of this anomalous effect is studied by using the small‐signal stability analysis in detail. First, a detailed state‐space model of a single converter grid‐tied system is established from the first principle, and by using the participation factor analysis, the interaction between the terminal voltage loop and the power synchronization loop is identified as the major cause for the system instability. Then relying on a reduced‐order model containing only these two controls and using two classical analytical methods including the Routh criterion analysis and the Phillips– Heffron model of complex torque analysis, the origin of this anomalous instability of GFM converters tied to stiff grid coming from the negative damping provided by the terminal voltage loop is well uncovered and the critical grid strength is well predicted. In addition, these results may provide ideas for subsequent control optimization and stability improvement of GFM converters under various situations.
IgM triplet in neonatal diagnosis by immunoblotting and its potential use as a diagnostic marker for congenital toxoplasmosis
Authors: Peyclit Lucie , Villard Odile , Paris Luc , Fricker-Hidalgo Hélène , Houzé Sandrine , Cimon Bernard , Deleplancque Anne-Sophie , Tournus Céline , Pelloux Hervé , Villena Isabelle , Pomares Christelle , L’Ollivier Coralie 
Published: June 2023

Primary infection during pregnancy by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be worrisome because transmission to the fetus may lead to congenital toxoplasmosis (CT). Neonatal diagnosis is usually performed by serological profile comparison of the mother and newborn. As previously reported in 2012 by C. L’Ollivier et al., three IgM bands at 75, 90 and 100 kDa called the “IgM triplet” has caught our attention and seems to be pathognomonic of CT. This retrospective multicenter study involved nine reference laboratories included in the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis network and concerned determining the specificity and sensitivity of this IgM triplet. On this basis, we were able to propose a new read of the comparison of IgG and IgM immunoblot profiles of mother and infant to increase the sensitivity of this diagnostic marker. The effect of the trimester of pregnancy at the time of infection, but also of maternal treatment with pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine/folinic acid on the presence of this IgM triplet in the infant, could be studied. The presence of the triplet appears pathognomonic for the diagnosis of CT, and it increased the sensitivity of the immunoblot assay from 55.04% to 72.48%. As a result, it would be wise to enhance conventional immunoblot reading by adding the presence of the three IgM bands in the infant pattern for neonatal diagnosis of CT.
Update zur Trichinellose
Authors: Hegelmaier Angela , Wendt Sebastian , Lübbert Christoph 
Published: June 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei der Trichinellose handelt es sich um eine in Deutschland selten gewordene, lebensmittelassoziierte, mild bis tödlich verlaufende Zoonose, die durch Rundwürmer der Gattung Trichinella verursacht wird. Die Infektion erfolgt durch Aufnahme von larvenhaltigem rohen bzw. ungenügend durchgegartem Fleisch. Häufige Infektionsquellen in Europa sind insbesondere Wildschwein- bzw. Schweinefleisch – in den letzten Dekaden auch Pferdefleisch. Nach enteraler Freisetzung und Vermehrung wandern die Larven über das Blut-Lymph-System in die quergestreifte Muskulatur ein, wo sie sich verkapseln und über Jahrzehnte persistieren können. Die Symptomatik ist abhängig von der aufgenommenen Erregermenge, der Immunlage des Wirtes und der jeweiligen Parasitenspezies. In der Migrationsphase ist die Trias Fieber, Myalgien und Eosinophilie diagnostisch wegweisend. Die Behandlung erfolgt mit Benzimidazolen und Glukokortikoiden. Die Letalität der unbehandelten Trichinellose liegt bei 1–5 %. Die Erkrankung ist namentlich an das Gesundheitsamt meldepflichtig. Fleischbeschau sowie Verzehr von ausschließlich durchgegarten bzw. zuvor gut durchgefrorenen Fleischerzeugnissen sind wirksame Präventionsmaßnahmen.
Pitpicking bei unkompliziertem Sinus pilonidalis: bereits eine Standardtherapie? Ergebnisse und Langzeitverläufe
Authors: Iesalnieks Igors 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungMinimalinvasive Verfahren werden in der Behandlung des Sinus pilonidalis seit etwa 60 Jahren verwendet, eine breitere Verwendung fanden sie jedoch erst in den letzten 10–15 Jahren. In der
vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Technik und ihre Variationen, die Indikationen, die Alternativen und die Ergebnisse des Pit-Picking-Verfahrens diskutiert.
Bekanntheit und Verbreitung von Patientenverfügungen in
Deutschland – Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Umfrage in der
Allgemeinbevölkerung
Authors: Klemmt Malte , Zehl Franziska , Neuderth Silke , Henking Tanja 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungMittels einer Patientenverfügung können Personen für den
Fall der Einwilligungsunfähigkeit hinsichtlich zukünftiger
medizinisch-pflegerischer Behandlungsentscheidungen vorsorgen. Es liegen aktuell
keine Daten darüber vor, wie bekannt und verbreitet das Vorsorgedokument
Patientenverfügung in der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland
ist. Ziel der Studie war neben der Erfassung von Bekanntheit und Verbreitung
auch mehr über die Gründe für die (Nicht-)Erstellung und
über die Nutzung von Informations- und Unterstützungsangeboten
zu erfahren. Es wurde eine Online-Befragung einer repräsentativen
Bevölkerungsstichprobe (n=1000) durchgeführt. Die
Datenauswertung erfolgte deskriptiv und mittels Regressionsanalysen. 92%
der Befragten kennen das Instrument der Patientenverfügung, über
37% haben selbst ein solches Dokument erstellt. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit
für die Erstellung einer Patientenverfügung steigt mit
zunehmenden Alter. Die Gründe für die (Nicht-)Erstellung einer
Patientenverfügung sind heterogen. Fast zwei Drittel aller Befragten
haben sich bereits zum Thema informiert, dies geschah vorwiegend im Internet.
Die Mehrheit der Befragten nimmt bzw. nahm keine Unterstützung bei der
Erstellung der Patientenverfügung wahr. Die Ergebnisse liefern
Anhaltspunkte für die Anpassung von Informations- und
Unterstützungsangeboten.
Scalable, Stereocontrolled, Total Synthesis of Carolacton
Authors: Yu Xiao-Ming , Bian Chuan-Cai , Li Yong-Qiang , Yang Hao-ran 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA route for the scalable, stereocontrolled, total synthesis of carolacton is presented starting from commercially available S-Roche ester, d-ribose, and a known allylic alcohol. Key transformations in the total synthesis include a [3,3]-Claisen rearrangement, Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation–methyl ring-opening, or Leighton asymmetric crotylation, Evans aldol–reductive deoxygenation, and ring closing metathesis (RCM). The total synthesis of carolacton (151 mg isolated, 9.2% overall yield) was completed in 23 linear steps. Additionally, 56 mg of the carolacton C15–C16 cis-olefin isomer was obtained.
Field-effect bulk mobilities in polymer semiconductor films measured by sourcemeters
Authors: Qin Zongze , Han Songyu , Li Dongfan , Zhai Chenyang , Lu Wanlong , Wei Peng , Zhu Yuanwei , Hu Zhen , Bu Laju , Lu Guanghao 
Published: June 2023

Semiconducting polymers inherently exhibit polydispersity in terms of molecular structure and microscopic morphology, which often results in a broad distribution of energy levels for localized electronic states. Therefore, the bulk charge mobility strongly depends on the free charge density. In this study, we propose a method to measure the charge-density-dependent bulk mobility of conjugated polymer films with widely spread localized states using a conventional field-effect transistor configuration. The gate-induced variation of bulk charge density typically ranges within ±1018 cm−3; however, this range depends significantly on the energetic dispersion width of localized states. The field-effect bulk mobility and field-effect mobility near the semiconductor–dielectric interface along with their dependence on charge density can be simultaneously extracted from the transistor characteristics using various gate voltage ranges.
Telicity judgments in L2 English by L1 Slovak speakers
Authors: Nadova Zuzana , García Mayo María del Pilar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study investigates the acquisition of telicity in L2 English by L1 Slovak speakers as a function of L2 proficiency (measured by a cloze test score), exposure (operationalized as length of stay in an English-speaking country) and instruction type (monolingual vs. bilingual). Telicity judgments were collected from Slovak learners of L2 English (n = 50) and a control group of American English native speakers (n = 15) in two offline acceptability judgment tasks. Two types of telicity encoding were examined: (1) the contribution of the [±quantized] feature of the object argument to predicate telicity, which involves processes in narrow syntax; and (2) the contribution of adverbial modifiers to telicity interpretations, including coercion contexts, which involve processes of aspectual reinterpretation. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized that the contribution of the [±quantized] feature of the object argument to predicate telicity, which is a syntactic phenomenon, will be easier to acquire than aspectual coercion by means of adverbial modifiers, which relies on pragmatic cues. The results indicate that the most significant predictor of telicity judgments based on syntactic cues is L2 proficiency, while length of stay affects telicity judgments in predicate categories involving coercion contexts.
Dernières nouvelles
Authors: Ngadi Maïssa Laude 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article shows the relevance of “engaged” or “committed” literature for “post-colonial” African writers in the two collections of short stories called Dernières nouvelles. Through the analysis of narrative utterance, we argue that their position reflects the African fight against colonialism and neo-colonialism. The writers execute a kind of continuum by claiming a literary tradition inherited from the founders of the Negritude movement. However, inspired by the modern context, the writers distance themselves from the radical and racial engagement of their predecessors. This difference can be observed in the use of various literary means, such as on the pretext, “silent cry” and the oxymoron. The article finally argues that there is a contradiction between the criticism of neo-colonial practices and the writers’ collaboration with French publishing houses and different cultural associations.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K1 of the air-kerma standards of the BFKH, Hungary and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Finta V 
Published: June 2023

Main text
A new key comparison of the standards for air kerma of the Budapest Főváros Kormányhivatala (BFKH), Hungary and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM in October 2021. The comparison result, based on the calibration coefficients for a transfer chamber and expressed as a ratio of the BFKH and the BIPM standards for air kerma, is 1.0029 with a combined standard uncertainty of 2.2 parts in 103. The result agrees within the uncertainties with the comparison carried out in 2016. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On the non-linear stability of the Cosmological region of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime
Authors: Minucci Marica , Valiente Kroon Juan A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The non-linear stability of the sub-extremal Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime in the stationary region near the conformal boundary is analysed using a technique based on the extended conformal Einstein field equations and a conformal Gaussian gauge. This strategy relies on the observation that the Cosmological stationary region of this exact solution can be covered by a non-intersecting congruence of conformal geodesics. Thus, the future domain of dependence of suitable spacelike hypersurfaces in the Cosmological region of the spacetime can be expressed in terms of a conformal Gaussian gauge. A perturbative argument then allows to prove existence and stability results close to the conformal boundary and away from the asymptotic points where the Cosmological horizon intersects the conformal boundary. In particular, we show that small enough perturbations of initial data for the sub-extremal Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime give rise to a solution to the Einstein field equations which is regular at the conformal boundary. The analysis in this article can be regarded as a first step towards a stability argument for perturbation data on the Cosmological horizons.
Fast iterative reconstruction for multi-spectral CT by a Schmidt orthogonal modification algorithm (SOMA)
Authors: Pan Huiying , Zhao Shusen , Zhang Weibin , Zhang Huitao , Zhao Xing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Multi-spectral CT (MSCT) is increasingly used in industrial non-destructive testing and medical diagnosis because of its outstanding performance like material distinguishability. The process of obtaining MSCT data can be modeled as a nonlinear system and the basis material decomposition comes down to the inverse problem of the nonlinear system. For different spectra data, geometric inconsistent parameters cause geometrical inconsistent rays, which will lead to the mismatched nonlinear system. How to solve the mismatched nonlinear equations accurately and quickly is a hot issue. This paper proposes a general iterative method (SOMA) to invert the mismatched nonlinear equations. The SOMA method gives different equations different confidence and searches along the more accurate hyperplane by Schmidt orthogonalization, which can get the optimal solution quickly. The validity of the SOMA method is verified by MSCT basis material decomposition experiments. The results show that the SOMA method can decompose the basis material images accurately and improve the convergence speed greatly.
Terahertz photocurrent spectrum analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi multi-junction solar cells
Authors: Krotkus A , Nevinskas I , Norkus R , Geižutis A , Strazdienė V , Pačebutas V , Paulauskas T 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCharacterizing subcells in two-terminal multi-junction (M-J) solar cells is challenging due to the lack of direct electrical access. This work presents a novel contactless spectral characterization technique for analysing individual subcells. The technique involves probing terahertz (THz) radiation generated by femtosecond laser pulse excitation and varying the exciting wavelength to selectively absorb light in the desired subcell. The registered THz pulse integral is then proportional to the induced photocurrent in that subcell. The THz photocurrent spectroscopy technique is demonstrated on GaAs and AlGaAs single-junction solar cells, as well as on the triple-junction AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi solar cell. The results show that the recently developed GaAsBi-based subcell, with a nominal energy bandgap of 1.0 eV, exhibits improved electron–hole separation efficiency and can enhance energy harvesting by M-J solar cells.
First-principles study on the half-metallic properties of the VA group atoms adsorbed on WS2 monolayer
Authors: Lei Yong , Peng Qiong , Zhou Ying , Deng Xiaohui , Deng Jiao , Li Jin , Wu Guang , Rehman Javed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adsorption of atoms on the surface of two-dimensional (2D) materials is one of the most effective ways to induce magnetic properties. In this study, the atomic structure, electronic structure, magnetic properties, and strain effects of VA group atoms (N, P, As, Sb and Bi) adsorbed on a WS2 monolayer are systematically studied using a first-principles method. After calculating the adsorption energy, it was determined that all of the VA group atoms showed a preference for being directly adsorbed above the S atoms. Based on the analysis of the orbital projection density of states and charge transfer, it appears that the group VA atoms chemisorb onto the WS2 layer. The adsorption of the VA group atoms on a WS2 monolayer will introduce 1 μB
magnetic moment into the system. It is exciting that WS2 monolayer adsorbed with P, As, Sb or Bi is half-metallic with 100% spin polarization at the Fermi level. Furthermore, the magnetic properties are robust in the range of 10% strain and the magnetic moment of the system can be effectively controlled by tensile strain. In addition, when two or four atoms are adsorbed on a monolayer WS2 supercell, the adatoms show a tendency towards alignment in terms of their local magnetic moments, which may indicate a potential for ferromagnetic ordering in the system. After the adsorption of VA group atoms, monolayer WS2 exhibits structural stability, tunable magnetism under strain, 100% spin polarizability, and potential for ferromagnetism, making it a promising material for spintronic device applications.