bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathologic patterns of intracranial neoplasms at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. A ten-year hospital-based retrospective study
Authors: E Uchime Kasiemobi , A Adebayo Luqman , A Odukoya Lateef , O Ajayi Olugbende , C Anunobi Charles 
Published: April 2023

Background: The most common intracranial neoplasm worldwide is meningioma, followed by gliomas, and then pituitary adenomas. There are geographical differences in the pattern of occurrence of intracranial neoplasms. The purpose of this study is to establish the pattern of occurrence of different histological types of intracranial neoplasms with their age and sex distributions in our environment – Lagos, Nigeria.The histological patterns, age, and gender distributions of all the intracranial neoplasms diagnosed within the study period at the Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, LUTH, Lagos, Nigeria were noted and analysed with SPSS version 23.
Result: There were 296 patients (165 females, 131 males; mean age of 37.0 years) diagnosed with an intracranial neoplasm within the study period. The most frequently diagnosed intracranial neoplasm was meningioma (105 cases; 35%, median age of 42 years, male to female ratio of 1:2.2), followed by pituitary adenoma (78 cases; 26%, median age of 47 years, male to female ratio of 1.3:1), and then gliomas (71 cases; 24%, median age of 28, male to female ratio of 1:1.39).
Conclusion: The result of the study shows pituitary adenoma to be more common than gliomas, unlike what is seen in Caucasians where the reverse is the case.
Keywords: INTRACRANIAL; Neoplasms; Central Nervous System.
The effect of short-term vitamin D on the antioxidant capacity following exhaustive aerobic exercise
Authors: Parvizi Mastali Vahid , Hoseini Rastegar , Azizi Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

Background: Exhaustive Aerobic Exercise (EAE) increases the production of free radicals and oxidative stress in the body. One of the most effective approaches to reduce EAE-induced oxidative stress is antioxidant supplementation.
Objectives: Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of short-term Vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation on antioxidant capacity in inactive men following an EAE session.
Methods: In this clinical trial, 24 non-athlete men were randomly divided into Experimental (Exp; n = 12) and Control (C; n =12) groups. Exp received 2,000 IU of Vit D daily for six weeks (42 days), while C received a lactose placebo daily with the same color, shape, and warmth percentage. EAE sessions were performed on a treadmill before and after six weeks of supplementation.
Results: The results showed that EAE increased antioxidant capacity and Vit D (P<0.05). Compared with C, six weeks of Vit D supplementation significantly increased superoxide dismutase (P=0.001), glutathione peroxidase (P=0.011), catalase (P=0.018), peroxidase (P=0.001), and Vit D (P=0.001), in the Exp at the Post 2 stage.
Conclusion: Finally, short-term Vit D supplementation could be recommended to non-athlete men deciding to participate in EAE to prevent oxidative damage.
Keywords: Exhaustive Aerobic Exercise; Overweight; Vitamin D; Antioxidant Capacity.
Clopidogrel-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report
Authors: N Ndulue Chidozie , N Jisieike-Onuigbo Nonyelum , J Okwesa Nwabueze , Anyanor Arinze , C Ozuemba Bartholomew , Osakwe Nwamaka , Oguejiofor Fidelis , Eze Hyacinth , Ofia Kalu Anya , U Odenigbo Charles 
Published: April 2023

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare variant of thrombotic microangiopathy. We report a case of TTP in a Nigerian chronic kidney disease (CKD) patient who was previously on clopidogrel. The features of TTP resolved soon after clopidogrel was withdrawn. Clopidogrel is a cardio-protective anti-platelet drug used in CKD patients at risk of dyspepsia. However, its potential to cause TTP should be recognized and considered in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients previously on clopidogrel.
Keywords: Clopidogrel; Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura; CKD; AKI; uremic encephalopathy.
Attitudes and usage of visual-aids in graduate student learning of gross anatomy at Makerere University
Authors: Nabirye Peruth , B Paul Lukiza , S Mwaka Erisa 
Published: April 2023

Background: The increasing numbers of students studying human anatomy at Makerere University are beginning to overwhelm available resources, which presents challenges in learning and necessitates an evaluation of alternative ways to enhance anatomy learning.The increasing numbers of students overwhelm resources available and presents challenges in learning. This necessitates an evaluation of alternatives to enhance gross anatomy learning at Makerere University College of Health Sciences. The study aimed to assess the usage of visual aids and generate necessary information to enhance learning.
Methods: A cross-sectional study employing a concurrent triangulation mixed method design was conducted among 44 graduate students actively participating in cadaveric dissection. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and two focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to summarize data.
Results: Most participants were male (77.3%) with a mean age of 31.5 years (SD 3.9, Range, 27-45 years). A majority of graduate students reported using non-traditional methods (online sources) to supplement learning. Students commonly used hard copies of Cunningham Manual of Practical Anatomy (88.6%) supplemented with well-illustrated textbooks (79.5%) and online dissection videos (72.7%). Students expressed most satisfaction with the use of videos and well-illustrated text books in supplementing learning. The availability of these electronic resources was limited by factors such as poor internet connectivity and theneed to pay for online licenses and subscription fees.
Conclusion: Graduate students in the Department of Anatomy at MakCHS are using non-traditional methods to supplement their learning. However, there are several challenges to accessing digital resources. There is a need to support students with accessing visual aids through integrating newer teaching modalities and modern technology to promote interest and retention of anatomical knowledge.
Keywords: Visual aids; usage; gross anatomy learning.
Neonatal pain perception, management and review of practices among medical workers in Nigeria newborn units
Authors: Ikechukwu Okonkwo , Angela Okolo , Augustine Omoigberale 
Published: April 2023

Background: Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. The perception of pain is variable and knowledge may not match practise.
Aims: To ascertain the knowledge, attitude and practice of neonatal pain management (NPM) among HCW in newborn units across Nigeria.
Methods: The validated questionnaire administered to consenting doctors and nurses working in various newborn units in Nigeria was utilised.
Results: There were 256 respondents from tertiary institutions 228 (89.1%) located in 31 states of Nigeria. There were 91% doctors and 8.6% nurses’. The perception of newborn pain was high (≥95%) among doctors and nurses . Up to 67.1% of the doctors and 57.1% of nurses were aware of NPM. One third (37.3%) of doctor respondents knew of NPM from friends and colleagues while half of the nurses knew from course textbooks. Pain definition was in most by sensation (94%), 50% by emotion. Most nurses were aware of the subjective report of potential tissue damage and knew the facial expressions of pain compared to doctors. Crying was equally recognised as an expression of pain. Perception of non-pharmacologic methods of NPM was highest for massaging and KMC; the knowledge of Sucrose analgesia was low. Procedural pain perception was poor and analgesia was for few procedures.
Conclusions: Perception of pain was high but did not match knowledge and practice of NPM. Formal education on NPM was lacking in the training of HCW.
Keywords: Neonatal pain management; Nigerian newborns; health care workers.
Digital Platforms for Linking Agriculture Investors with Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria
Authors: Akinwale Jonathan Akinsola , Wole-Alo Felicia Itunu , Oluwole Babatunde Oladapo 
Published: April 2023

The study assessed digital platforms used to link agriculture investors with smallholder farmers in Nigeria. Content analysis and in-depth interviews were used for the study. Three digital platforms, namely the ThriveAgric, EZ Farming and Farmcrowdy were purposively chosen for this study. Results showed that ThriveAgric is user friendly; EZ Farming and Farmcrowdy provide risk assessment scores for easy monitoring. Also, ThriveAgric uses the Agricultural Operating System (AOS) to track farmers’ activities. EZ Farming uses social media platforms for adverts and campaign while Farmcrowdy innovatively used the platform to render advisory services to the farmers. ThriveAgric and Farmcrowdy invested in crop and livestock production while EZ Farming areas of investments were crop, livestock, fisheries, farm equipment and hydroponics. Smallholder farmers’ derived benefits were mainly observed in the aspect of reduction in post-harvest losses. Untimely delivery of agricultural inputs and cost of running the platforms were identified as major impediments to the effective deployment of the platform by the farmers and operators of the platforms respectively. Cost sharing mechanism should be incorporated into the partnership to ensure sustainability and a winwin situation. Also, regular review of the initiative by all the stakeholders is strongly recommended.
Prevalence and Pattern of Mobile Gaming among Senior Secondary School Students in a Semi-Urban Town in Nigeria
Authors: Aguocha C.M. , Uwakwe K.A. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Excessive mobile gaming among young people has become a global public health issue. This paper aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of mobile phone gaming among secondary school students.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 401 secondary school students in Orlu, selected using multistage sampling technique. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to acquire information on the socio-demographic characteristics and pattern of gaming. The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) was used to assess problems related to gaming in the last 12 months. Data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 21. Pearson's Chi-square test was used for categorical variables while Students ttest was used for continuous variables. p 0.05 was regarded as significant.
Results: Two (0.6%) of the respondents met the criteria for Internet gaming disorder. Three hundred and fifty-seven (89%) respondents had played mobile games at least once in their lifetime while three hundred and thirteen (78.1%) had played mobile games at least once in the past 12 months. One hundred and ten respondents (35.1%) had played mobile games nearly every day in the past 12 months. Most respondents, 132 (42.2%) played games offline. Two hundred and twentynine respondents (73.2%) have betted with others on the outcome of games played.
Conclusion: Mobile gaming was common among secondary school students in Orlu, but the rate of gaming disorder was low. Measures targeted at adolescents should be developed to educate them on the potential dangers of mobile gaming.
A Comparative Assessment of Household Flood Disaster Preparedness in Floodprone Rural and Urban Communities in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Joshua I.A. , Abubakar A.A. , Ibrahim M.S. , Nmadu A.G. , Bashir S.S. , Nwankwo B. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Households are important elements in food disaster preparedness and play important role in its management. This study compared household food disaster preparedness in food-prone rural and urban communities in Kaduna State.
Methods: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among households in foodprone rural and urban communities in 2019. The study population were household heads. The sample size for the study was 202 each for the rural and urban communities. Respondents were selected by multi- stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Community members, community leaders and staff of Kaduna State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA) were also purposively selected for focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and the qualitative data using content analysis.
Results: The mean ages (+SD) of the household heads in the rural and urban communities were 39.4±12.9 years and 43.7±13.9 years, respectively. Ten (2.5%) of the households in the urban communities were very prepared against foods but none in the rural communities. The most available household disaster preparedness elements in the rural communities were radio 150 (74.3%), flashlight 139 (68.8%) while house food insurance was non-existent. For the urban communities, the most available elements were availability of non-perishable food 147 (72.8%), household evacuation destination 147 (72.8%) while the least was house food insurance 2 (1.0%).
Conclusion: The household food disaster preparedness was poor in both the rural and urban communities. There is need for effective food disaster education and training by SEMA for both communities.
Precisión y fiabilidad de la medición del índice tobillo-brazo utilizando un dispositivo oscilométrico versus el método Doppler
Authors: Trinajstic Edgardo , González Joaquín , Rodríguez Martín 
Published: April 2023

Introducción: La medición del índice tobillo-brazo (ITB) es una prueba de primera línea y con alta precisión diagnóstica para la detección de enfermedad vascular periférica. El método Doppler, considerado el estándar de oro, requiere del dispositivo y de un operador capacitado, lo que limita su uso en la atención primaria. Como alternativa, un método oscilométrico que usa un dispositivo de presión arterial automático es una prueba simple y accesible que podría minimizar los sesgos del observador y eliminar la necesidad de capacitación especial.Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio prospectivo fue validar la capacidad diagnóstica de un dispositivo oscilométrico automatizado frente al método Doppler para la medición del ITB.Métodos: Se incluyó pacientes DM 1 y DM 2 mayores de 50 años con 1 o más factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Tras 5 minutos acostado se registró PAS con tensiómetro Welch Allyn DS 45-11 y Doppler Vascular Contec Sonoline B 8 Mhz en ambas arterias tibiales posteriores y en arteria braquial derecha. Posteriormente se realizaron los mismos registros con Monitor de Presión Arterial Automático Modelo OMROM HEM-7130. Se calculó el ITB de cada miembro inferior y las capacidades diagnósticas (sensibilidad -S-, especificidad -E-, concordancia por coeficiente kappa, valor predictivo positivo -VPP- y valor predictivo negativo -VPN-) del método oscilométrico para detectar un ITB patológico por Doppler (≤ 0,90).Resultados: se evaluó a 66 pacientes, 52 varones y 14 mujeres, 7 DM1 y 59 DM2, 69 años de edad (SD 9,8) con una antigüedad de diabetes de 18.05 años (SD 12,01). La prevalencia de EVP detectada por Doppler (ITB ≤ 0,90) fue del 16,7% (IC95% 9,9-23,4). El método oscilométrico para detectar un ITB ≤ 0,90 por Doppler mostró una S del 72,7% (IC 95% 51,8-93,6), una E del 96,3% (IC 95% 92,4-100), una concordancia del 92,4% (IC 95% 87,5-97,3), un VPP del 80,0% (IC 95% 59.9-100) y un VPN del 94,6% (IC 95% 90,0-99,3).Conclusiones: El alto VPN hallado (condición escencial para un método de screening) significa que si el método oscilométrico da un ITB > 0.90 hay un 94,6% de posibilidad de que el ITB por Doppler no sea ≤ 0,90. El VPP de 80% encontrado, significa que si el ITB oscilométrico es ≤ 0,90 hay un 80% de posibilidad de que el ITB Doppler sea verdaderamente ≤ 0,90. Por lo tanto, consideramos que la simple medición del ITB con el método oscilométrico podría recomendarse en la atención primaria, donde son adecuados los métodos rápidos, fáciles y confiables.
Effects of Agriculture on the Environment
Authors: Waithaka Shelmith 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the effects of agriculture on environment.
Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study found that human involvement in agriculture has a negative impact on the physical environment leading to issues like soil erosion, loss of land cover, water pollution and air pollution. These activities include building residential structures, building public infrastructure, and engaging in agriculture.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The conservation model and diffusion model served as the study's pillars. This study suggests that project managers for agricultural development make sure that environmental concerns are addressed as a project gains momentum through implementation and that the Environment Impact Assessment process takes into account environmental issues raised when a project or plan is first discussed.
Organisational Commitment and Perceived Support as Linked by Employee Job Satisfaction in App-based Services
Authors: . Laxmi , Verma Rajanikant 
Published: April 2023

In this study, the relationship between perceived organisational support, organisational commitment, and front-line employees' job satisfaction is checked. The major goal of this research paper is to investigate the role that job satisfaction plays in mediating the relationship between organisational commitment and perceived organization support among front-line workers in the online app-based service industry. The survey method was adopted for the collection of data. In total 229 valid responses were used for analysing purposes. To test the proposed hypotheses, structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis is employed. The findings of this study demonstrate unequivocally that the association between perceived organisational support (POS) and organisational commitment (OC) is mediated by job satisfaction (JS). The findings also indicated a strong link between job satisfaction and perceived organisational support.
Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and migraine: a review of observational studies
Authors: Fortes Henry Martins Soares , Andrade Clênia Leite 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been related to the presence of primary headaches. Among them, migraine presents a wide range of comorbidities shared with ADHD, both from other psychiatric disorders and somatic conditions.ObjectiveThis review proposes to describe the association between ADHD and migraine.MethodsBased on literature research in the major medical databases and using as descriptors “Migraine Disorders” and “Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity”. Observational studies that addressed the relationship between migraine and ADHD and written only in English were included. Of the 49 articles found, only 6 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.ConclusionThis review shows a possible sharing of symptoms between migraine and ADHD, requiring further studies to investigate this relationship.
Epidemiology of headache in a neurological Emergency Department in Medellin, Colombia
Authors: Cardozo Alejandro , Jaramillo Valentina , Parra Paola , Kelly Anne-Maree 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionHeadache is a common reason for presentation to emergency departments (ED) around the world. In many countries, ED are not speciality-focussed, however, in Colombia and some other countries, specialist neurological hospitals have ED with a strong neurological focus. For patients presenting with headache, these ED may have different epidemiology, investigation strategies and treatment patterns from general ED. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of headache presenting to the ED of Instituto Neurológico de Colombia in Medellin, Colombia – an ED which is a referral centre for neurological and neurosurgical diseases. MethodsThis was an observational study by chart review of adults (aged ≥18) with a main presenting compliant of headache. Demographic, clinical, imaging, diagnoses and outcome data were collected. The primary outcome of interest was the rate of serious secondary intracranial headache cause. Analysis was descriptive.ConclusionDiagnosis of headache in ED is challenging with a very wide range of possible causes. A small proportion of patients (approx. 9%) have a serious cause for their symptoms – a proportion similar to that reported in other international emergency department cohorts.
Occupational Therapy for Mental Health Conditions and Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Jafari Zahra , Grobelna Aleksandra 
Published: April 2023

Occupational therapy interventions may be effective for reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety and improving function and participation with the interventions in adult patients diagnosed with depression and/or anxiety.
In patients with schizophrenia, occupational therapy interventions may improve social functioning, cognitive performance, executive function, and motivation; and reduce the duration and rate of rehospitalization.
We did not find any evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness of occupational therapy for the treatment of bipolar disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder that met the inclusion criteria for our review.
We did not find any evidence meeting our inclusion criteria about the cost-effectiveness of occupational therapy for the treatment of mental health conditions, as well as the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of occupational therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders.