bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of breathwork on stress and mental health: A meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials
Authors: Fincham Guy William , Strauss Clara , Montero-Marin Jesus , Cavanagh Kate 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeliberate control of the breath (breathwork) has recently received an unprecedented surge in public interest and breathing techniques have therapeutic potential to improve mental health. Our meta-analysis primarily aimed to evaluate the efficacy of breathwork through examining whether, and to what extent, breathwork interventions were associated with lower levels of self-reported/subjective stress compared to non-breathwork controls. We searched PsycInfo, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN up to February 2022, initially identifying 1325 results. The primary outcome self-reported/subjective stress included 12 randomised-controlled trials (k = 12) with a total of 785 adult participants. Most studies were deemed as being at moderate risk of bias. The random-effects analysis yielded a significant small-to-medium mean effect size,g = − 0.35 [95% CI − 0.55, − 0.14],z = 3.32,p = 0.0009, showing breathwork was associated with lower levels of stress than control conditions. Heterogeneity was intermediate and approaching significance,χ211 = 19,p = 0.06,I2 = 42%. Meta-analyses for secondary outcomes of self-reported/subjective anxiety (k = 20) and depressive symptoms (k = 18) showed similar significant effect sizes:g = − 0.32,p < 0.0001, andg = − 0.40,p < 0.0001, respectively. Heterogeneity was moderate and significant for both. Overall, results showed that breathwork may be effective for improving stress and mental health. However, we urge caution and advocate for nuanced research approaches with low risk-of-bias study designs to avoid a miscalibration between hype and evidence.
Fe3O4/SiO2 decorated trimesic acid-melamine nanocomposite: a reusable supramolecular organocatalyst for efficient multicomponent synthesis of imidazole derivatives
Authors: Fattahi Babak , Dekamin Mohammad G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article describes supramolecular Fe3O4/SiO2 decorated trimesic acid-melamine (Fe3O4/SiO2-TMA-Me) nanocomposite that can be prepared with features that combine properties of different materials to fabricate a structurally unique hybrid material. In particular, we have focused on design, synthesis and evaluation a heterogeneous magnetic organocatalyst containing acidic functional-groups for the synthesis of biologically important imidazole derivatives in good to excellent yields. The introduced Fe3O4/SiO2-TMA-Me nanomaterial was characterized by different techniques such as FTIR, XRD, EDX, FESEM, TEM, TGA and DTA. As a noteworthy point, the magnetic catalytic system can be recycled and reused for more than seven consecutive runs while its high catalytic activity remains under the optimized conditions.
Heatstroke risk informing system using wearable perspiration ratemeter on users undergoing physical exercise
Authors: Momose Hideya , Takasaka Mieko , Watanabe-Asaka Tomomi , Hayashi Moyuru , Maejima Daisuke , Kawai Yoshiko , Ohhashi Toshio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe constructed an informing system to users for the heatstroke risk using a wearable perspiration ratemeter and the users’ thirst responses. The sweating ratemeter was constructed with a capacitive humidity sensor in the ventilated capsule. The timing point for informing heatstroke risk was decided to change from positive to negative on the second derivative of sweating curve. In addition, a wearable self-identification and -information system of thirst response was constructed with a smartphone. To evaluate the validity of wearable apparatus, we aimed to conduct human experiments of 16 healthy subjects with the step up and down physical exercises. The blood and urine samples of the subjects were collected before and after the 30-min physical exercise. The concentrations of TP, Alb, and RBC increased slightly with the exercise. In contrast, the concentrations of vasopressin in all subjects remarkably increased with the exercise. In almost subjects, they identified their thirst response until several min after the informing for heatstroke risk. In conclusion, the wearable ratemeter and self-information system of thirst response were suitable for informing system of heatstroke risk. The validity of timing point for informing heatstroke risk was confirmed with changes in the thirst response and concentrations of vasopressin in blood.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of pulmonary renal syndrome in West China
Authors: Tang Maozhi , Zhang Jun , Xu Xiaosong , Pan Qianguang , Zhao Hongwen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPulmonary renal syndrome (PRS) is a rare and life-threatening syndrome. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been recently considered another phenotype of lung dysfunction in patients with PRS, but there are very limited data. The characteristics of fifty PRS patients were retrospectively reviewed after a 3-year follow-up, and the differences between PRS patients whose lung dysfunction presented as diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH group) and those with interstitial lung disease (ILD group) were also analyzed. The median age at diagnosis of PRS patients was 50.78 ± 17.88 years, and the main symptoms at disease onset were proteinuria (94.00%), hemoptysis (68.00%), dyspnea (32.00%) and fever (12.00%). DAH patients were younger and had significantly lower hemoglobin levels, a higher incidence of hemoptysis, and higher serum creatinine levels at onset than ILD patients. Univariate analyses of PRS patients showed that respiratory failure and the initiation of mechanical ventilation predicted patient death and that the initiation of hemodialysis and higher serum creatinine levels at onset predicted ESRD. Multivariate analyses showed that respiratory failure and anti-GBM antibody positivity could independently predict patient death. Survival analyses showed that 1- and 3-year patient survival rates and ESRD-free survival rate were not significantly different between the two groups. ILD was another important phenotype of lung dysfunction in patients with PRS. Poor outcomes were observed in PRS patients with ILD and in PRS patients with DAH.
Reference range of complete blood count, Ret-He, immature reticulocyte fraction, reticulocyte production index in healthy babies aged 1–4 months
Authors: Ringoringo Harapan Parlindungan , Purnamasari Lina , Yunanto Ari , Syahadatina Meitria , Hidayah Nurul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEstablishing reference ranges of the complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte hemoglobin content (Ret-He), immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF), and reticulocyte production index (RPI) helps diagnose a disease related to the changes in erythrocyte indices, white blood count, platelets, and reticulocytes, especially in babies. Therefore, the study aims to establish a reference range for CBC and reticulocyte parameters in healthy babies aged 1–4 months. The study design was a cross-sectional study with descriptive analysis of CBC and reticulocyte in babies aged 1–4 months. Three hundred forty-eight babies met the inclusion criteria. This study recruited 89 babies aged 1 month, 87 babies aged 2 months, 86 babies aged 3 months, and 86 babies aged 4 months. The P5-P95 reference range of healthy babies for hemoglobin (Hb) aged 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 4 months was 9.95 to 15.45 g/dL, 9.74 to 13.42 g/dL, 9.51 to 12.40 g/dL, and 10.04 to 13.10 g/dL respectively. The P3-P97 reference range of healthy babies for Hb aged 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, and 4 months was 9.60 to 15.90 g/dL, 9.46 to 13.97 g/dL, 9.26 to 12.82 g/dL, and 10.00 to 13.33 g/dL respectively. This study also defined reference ranges for CBC, Ret-He, IRF, and RPI. The reference range of CBC, Ret-He, IRF, and RPI for healthy babies aged 1–4 months in this study can be used as a benchmark.
On the removal efficiency of copper ions in wastewater using calcined waste eggshells as natural adsorbents
Authors: Chou Ming-Yu , Lee Tan-Ang , Lin Ying-Shen , Hsu Shan-Yin , Wang Ming-Fu , Li Po-Hsien , Huang Ping-Hsiu , Lu Wen-Chien , Ho Jou-Hsuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEggshells offer many advantages as adsorbents, such as affordability without special preparations other than pulverization and calcination. However, the manufacturing industry generally has a severe problem with high concentrations of heavy metals in wastewater. The purpose of this study was to use eggshell byproducts and calcined eggshell treatment for the adsorption of copper in an aqueous solution. The reaction time, metal concentration, adsorbent dose, temperature, and pH were evaluated using primary factors followed by the response surface method (RSM) to investigate the optimum conditions for eggshell byproducts and calcined eggshell adsorption treatment. The results of the one-factor-at-a-time experiment showed that the optimal adsorption rate was obtained from treatment at 24 h, 25 mg/L, 10 mg, and 25 °C. In addition, the effect of pH on the adsorption rates of eggshells and eggshells with membrane were detected at pH values of 5 and 5.9 and found to be 95.2, 90.5, and 73.3%. The reaction surface experiment showed that the best adsorption rate reached 99.3% after calcination at 900 °C for 2 h and a 20 min reaction. The results showed that eggshells, eggshell membranes, eggshells with membrane, and calcined eggshells could be applied to remove copper ions from industrial wastewater. The adsorption capacity of the calcined eggshell is better than that of the non-calcined eggshell and has good neutrality in acidic industrial wastewater. Therefore, it is convenient and practical for practical production and application. Likewise, this study conveys promising findings in the context of improving wastewater treatment based on a circular economy approach to waste reuse in the food industry and represents a valuable direction for future research.
Physical and radiographic features of degenerative retrolisthesis in Japanese female volunteers: an observational cohort study
Authors: Shimizu Mutsuya , Kobayashi Tetsuya , Chiba Hisashi , Senoo Issei , Mizutani Kozaburo , Sasai Kengo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHundred and twenty four females with spondylolisthesis were divided into three groups (A group: anterolisthesis; P group: retrolisthesis; and AP group: antero-retrolisthesis), We reviewed their whole-spine radiographs and measured their standard sagittal parameters, including thoracic kyphosis (TK), pelvic incidence (PI), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). The muscle strengths of the trunk flexor, trunk extensor, iliopsoas, and quadriceps were measured. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Short Form 36-item Health Survey–physical component summary (SF-36 PCS). PI, SS, and LL-TK of participants in the P group were significantly lower than those in the A and AP groups (PI: P group vs. A group, p < 0.001, P group vs. AP group, p = 0.01), (SS: P group vs. A group, p = 0.001, P group vs. AP group, p = 0.003), (LL-TK: P group vs. A group, p < 0.001, P group vs. AP group, p = 0.049). TK of participants in the P and AP groups was greater than that of those in the A group. (P group vs. A group, p = 0.04, AP group vs. A group, p = 0.0025). The SF-36 PCS score in the P group was lower than that in the A and AP groups. (P group vs. A group, p = 0.004, P group vs. AP group, p = 0.012). The muscle strengths of the trunk flexor and trunk extensor and quadriceps in the P group were lower than those in the A groups. (Trunk flexor: P group vs. A group, p = 0.012), (Trunk extensor: P group vs. A group, p = 0.018), (Quadriceps: P group vs. A group, p = 0.011). In conclusion, female participants with degenerative retrolisthesis had a smaller PI and SS and a larger TK, along with decreased physical function and QoL scores than those with anterolisthesis.
Resisting spread of environmental-pollution diseases due to Portland-cement industries: green nanoclay applications
Authors: El-Sheikhy Refat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNew eco-friendly thermal-casting ductile CPNC-concrete and CPNC-mortar materials have been developed without Portland-cement or water-use. It needs three hours for thermal synthesis. It contains 5%, 10% or 15% green natural nanoclay–polymer nanocomposite CPNC as a bonding-agent instead of Portland-cement for mixing with sand and crushed-stones by heating at 250 °C in electric ovens. CPNC is a dry powder consisting of 5% montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay and 95% high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The study includes mixing, thermal synthesis, mechanical, fracture, and ductility property testing, and characterizations of the chemical composition, microstructure morphology and homogeneity using EDAX, SEM and XRD. It has new properties, such as a homogenous-microstructure with bonding, self-compaction abilities, no-cracks, ductility, good compressive and tensile strengths, and good fracture properties. It does not exhibit steel corrosion; it has rapid processing, no-water curing, low-density, no-shrinkage cracks, no-sudden failure, no-pollution utilizing a new manufacturing technique. CPNC-concrete is developed to stop the Portland-cement industry problems, to produce a clean and green environment without Portland-cement damage for human beings and to conserve drinking water. It has potential for different applications in construction, and it is suitable for 3D techniques with fast construction. Furthermore, this material requires new special codes for design and construction.
Self-expandable metallic stents as a bridge to surgery in obstructive right- and left-sided colorectal cancer: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Kim Eui Myung , Park Jun Ho , Kim Byung Chun , Son Il Tae , Kim Jeong Yeon , Kim Jong Wan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe insertion of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) has been proposed as an alternative to emergent surgery (ES) for obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to evaluate the perioperative and oncologic outcomes of SEMS as a bridge to surgery in obstructive CRC, as compared with ES. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent curative resection of obstructive CRC at four Hallym University-affiliated hospitals between January 2010 and December 2019. All patients were analyzed overall colon, then according to the side of obstruction (overall, right or left). Of 167 patients, 52 patients underwent ES and 115 underwent SEMS insertion and surgery (SEMS group). The postoperative hospital stay and time to soft diet were shorter in the SEMS group than in the ES group for overall and both sided cancer. The SEMS group had lower rates of stoma formation and severe complications for overall and for left-sided cancer. The 5-year overall survival (P = 0.682) and disease-free survival (P = 0.233) rates were similar in both groups. SEMS insertion as a bridge to surgery was associated with faster recovery, a lower rate of stoma formation with similar oncologic outcomes to those of ES.
Diagnostik der Sepsis
Authors: Thomas-Rüddel Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSepsis occurs both community acquired and as a complication of hospital treatment. The symptoms are usually nonspecific and there is no diagnostic gold standard. The diagnostic
differentiation from other clinical pictures is difficult. Therefore, the (early) diagnosis of sepsis is still a major challenge for the clinician. Despite multiple biomarkers described in
the scientific literature sepsis is still primarily a clinical diagnosis. qSOFA can be a helpful screening tool.Finding and treating the focus of infection is a crucial part of sepsis therapy. Chest X-ray and sonography have limited sensitivity for this purpose. A CT-scan with contrast should be done
at least in all patients where the focus of infection is still unclear. An MRI is necessary if spondylodiscitis is suspected, a transesophageal echocardiography if endocarditis is a possible
focus. Biomarkers are helpful in guiding therapy but are not part of the initial diagnosis criteria. Blood cultures and microbiological samples from the suspected foci of infection should be
taken in all sepsis patients. An initial lactate measurement is also part of the diagnostic workup and necessary for the diagnosis of septic shock.
Clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Germany – First data from the German NAFLD-Registry
Authors: Geier Andreas , Rau Monika , Pathil-Warth Anita , von der Ohe Manfred , Schattenberg Jörn , Dikopoulos Nektarios , Stein Kerstin , Serfert Yvonne , Berg Thomas , Buggisch Peter , Demir Münevver , Roeb Elke , Wiebner Bianka , Wedemeyer Heiner , Zeuzem Stefan , Hofmann Wolf P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects more
than 18 million individuals in Germany. Real-world data help to better characterize the
natural history of disease and standard of care.
Methods The German NAFLD-Registry is a prospective
non-interventional study initiated by the German Liver Foundation and aims to describe
clinical characteristics and observe outcomes in patients with NAFLD recruited in secondary
and tertiary care.
Results From this ongoing study, baseline data of the first 501
patients (mean age 54 years, 48% women) were analysed. 13 % of the study population had a high
risk for advanced fibrosis (FIB-4 ≥2.67), approximately one-third had a liver stiffness value
≥9.6kPa measured by transient elastography, and the clinical diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was
present in 10%. Typical comorbidities were more prevalent in high risk as compared to low risk
patients (FIB-4 <1.3) including arterial hypertension (85 vs. 42%), hypercholesterolemia
(39 vs. 16%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (69 vs. 26%). Patients with T2DM (192/501)
had a higher NAFLD disease burden as shown by liver stiffness values ≥9.6 kPa (51%) and
clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis (20%). Statins were used in 22% of the main population, while
in diabetic patients, metformin, GLP-1 agonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors were used in 65, 17, and
17%, respectively. Uptake of life-style interventions such as physical exercise or nutritional
counselling was generally low.
Conclusion First data of the German NAFLD registry show that
approximately every 10th patient has advanced NAFLD, highlights T2DM patients as a high-risk
group and gives insights in the use of comedication and life-style interventions in secondary
and tertiary care.
Evidence of time-lag in the provision of ecosystem services by tropical regenerating forests to coffee yields
Authors: González-Chaves Adrian David , Gigante Carvalheiro Luísa , Ribero Piffer Pedro , d’Albertas Francisco , Giannini Tereza Cristina , Viana Blandina Felipe , Metzger Jean Paul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Restoration of native tropical forests is crucial for protecting biodiversity and ecosystem functions, such as carbon stock capacity. However, little is known about the contribution of early stages of forest regeneration to crop productivity through the enhancement of ecosystem services, such as crop pollination and pest control. Using data from 610 municipalities along the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (30 m spatial resolution), we evaluated if young regenerating forests (YRFs) (less than 20 years old) are positively associated with coffee yield and whether such a relationship depends on the amount of preserved forest in the surroundings of the coffee fields. We found that regenerating forest alone was not associated with variations in coffee yields. However, the presence of YRF (within a 500 m buffer) was positively related to higher coffee yields when the amount of preserved forest in a 2 km buffer is above a 20% threshold cover. These results further reinforce that regional coffee yields are influenced by changes in biodiversity-mediated ecosystem services, which are explained by the amount of mature forest in the surrounding of coffee fields. We argue that while regenerating fragments may contribute to increased connectivity between remnants of forest fragments and crop fields in landscapes with a minimum amount of forest (20%), older preserved forests (more than 20 years) are essential for sustaining pollinator and pest enemy’s populations. These results highlight the potential time lag of at least 20 years of regenerating forests’ in contributing to the provision of ecosystem services that affect coffee yields (e.g. pollination and pest control). We emphasize the need to implement public policies that promote ecosystem restoration and ensure the permanence of these new forests over time.
How can machine learning help in understanding the impact of climate change on crop yields?
Authors: Sidhu Balsher Singh , Mehrabi Zia , Ramankutty Navin , Kandlikar Milind 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ordinary least squares linear regression (LR) has long been a popular choice among researchers interested in using historical data for estimating crop yield response to climate change. Today, the rapidly growing field of machine learning (ML) offers a wide range of advanced statistical tools that are increasingly being used for more accurate estimates of this relationship. This study compares LR to a popular ML technique called boosted regression trees (BRTs). We find that BRTs provide a significantly better prediction accuracy compared to various LR specifications, including those fitting quadratic and piece-wise linear functions. BRTs are also able to identify break points where the relationship between climate and yield undergoes significant shifts (for example, increasing yields with precipitation followed by a plateauing of the relationship beyond a certain point). Tests we performed with synthetically simulated climate and crop yield data showed that BRTs can automatically account for not only spatial variation in climate–yield relationships, but also interactions between different variables that affect crop yields. We then used both statistical techniques to estimate the influence of historical climate change on rice, wheat, and pearl millet in India. BRTs predicted a considerably smaller negative impact compared to LR. This may be an artifact of BRTs conflating time and climate variables, signaling a potential weakness of models with excessively flexible functional forms for inferring climate impacts on agriculture. Our findings thus suggest caution while interpreting the results from single-model analyses, especially in regions with highly varied climate and agricultural practices.
Entropy of sharp restart
Authors: Eliazar Iddo , Reuveni Shlomi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Restart has the potential of expediting or impeding the completion times of general random processes. Consequently, the issue of mean-performance takes center stage: quantifying how the application of restart on a process of interest impacts its completion-time’s mean. Going beyond the mean, little is known on how restart affects stochasticity measures of the completion time. This paper is the first in a duo of studies that address this knowledge gap via: a comprehensive analysis that quantifies how sharp restart—a keystone restart protocol—impacts the Shannon entropy of the completion time. The analysis establishes closed-form results for sharp restart with general timers, with fast timers (high-frequency resetting), and with slow timers (low-frequency resetting). These results share a common structure: comparing the completion-time’s hazard rate to a flat benchmark—the constant hazard rate of an exponential distribution whose entropy is equal to the completion-time’s entropy. In addition, using an information-geometric approach based on Kullback–Leibler distances, the analysis establishes results that determine the very existence of timers with which the application of sharp restart decreases or increases the completion-time’s entropy. Our work sheds first light on the intricate interplay between restart and randomness—as gauged by the Shannon entropy.