bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronically Robust Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Gel as a Potential Material in Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Rachamalla Arun Kumar , Potu Supraja , Rebaka Vara Prasad , Banoo Tohira , Kumar Yogendra , Maheswari C. Uma , Sridharan Vellaisamy , Rajaboina Rakesh Kumar , Nagarajan Subbiah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA series of self‐assembling gluconamide conjugated naphthalimide amphiphiles (GCNA) was synthesized and the self‐assembly of GCNA into gel rendered an increased electron density in naphthalimide moiety with an overall change in energy of 15.33×10−32 J via J‐type aggregation. SEM analysis and X‐ray diffraction underpinning the nanofibrillar formation, and rheological measurements confirmed the processablity and material fabrication. The enriched electron density in the aggregated GCNA4 via cooperative intermolecular non‐covalent interactions makes it as effective electron donor in the fabrication of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). The TENG based on GCNA4‐polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) triboelectric pair generated an output voltage, current and power density of ∼250 V, 40 μA and ∼622 mW/m2 respectively, which is almost 2.4 times better in performance than the amorphous GCNA4 based TENG. The fabricated TENG can power‐up 240 LEDs, wrist watch, thermometer, calculator and hygrometer.
Northern Wild Rice (Zizania palustris L.) breeding, genetics, and conservation
Authors: McGilp Lillian , Castell‐Miller Claudia , Haas Matthew , Millas Reneth , Kimball Jennifer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCultivated Northern Wild Rice (NWR; Zizania palustris L.) is a high‐value, small commodity crop grown in irrigated paddies, primarily in Minnesota and California. Domestication of the species began ∼60 years ago as demand for the nutritional grain outpaced hand‐harvesting efforts from lakes and rivers in the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. Cultivated NWR cultivars are open‐pollinated and highly heterogeneous and have primarily been bred for seed retention, yield, and seed size. As a lowland crop, NWR's life cycle, particularly its unique seed physiology, poses challenges to breeding efforts, limiting selection cycles per year, and requiring annual grow‐outs of all germplasm. Recent efforts have increased the genomic resources available to NWR researchers, including a reference genome assembly and methodology optimization for genotyping‐by‐sequencing technologies. The species’ close phylogenetic relationship with white rice (Oryza sativa) also provides a unique opportunity to utilize comparative genomic approaches to identify genes conferring agronomic traits of interest in NWR, particularly domestication traits such as seed retention. Z. palustris is an enigmatic species with regional ecological, cultural, and agricultural significance in the Great Lakes. As NWR is grown in both the centers of origin and diversity, it is important for NWR plant breeders to be good stewards of our domesticated plants and include a diversity of stakeholders in our decision‐making processes. In this work, we have aimed to unpack some of the disputes regarding the breeding of cultivated NWR and the science behind our work. Additionally, we have discussed conservation efforts for natural stands of NWR which will help preserve the many ecosystem, nutritional, spiritual, and economic services provided by this important species.
Divide and Conquer: A Novel Dual‐Layered Hydrogel for Atmospheric Moisture Harvesting
Authors: Feng An , Onggowarsito Casey , Mao Shudi , Qiao Greg G. , Fu Qiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAtmospheric water harvesting (AWH) has been recognized as a next‐generation technology to alleviate water shortages in arid areas. However, the current AWH materials suffer from insufficient water adsorption capacity and high‐water retention, which hinder the practical application of AWH materials. In this study, we developed a novel dual‐layered hydrogel (DLH) composed of a light‐to‐heat conversion layer (LHL) containing novel polydopamine‐manganese nanoparticles (PDA−Mn NPs) and a water adsorption layer (WAL) made of 2‐(acryloyloxyethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (AEtMA). The WAL has a strong ability to adsorb water molecules in the air and has a high‐water storage capacity, and the PDA−Mn NPs embedded in the LHL have excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, leading to light‐induced autonomous water release. As a result, the DLH displays a high‐water adsorption capacity of 7.73 g g−1 under optimal conditions and could near‐quantitatively release captured water within 4 h sunlight exposure. Coupled with its low cost, we believed that the DLH will be one of the promising AWH materials for practical applications.
Top‐predator carrion is scary: Fight‐and‐flight responses of wild boars to wolf carcasses
Authors: Redondo‐Gómez Daniel , Rossi Luca , Cardello Mattia , De Pasquale Soraya , Martínez‐Carrasco Carlos , Sánchez‐Zapata José A. , Moleón Marcos 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPredation risk largely constrains prey behavior. However, whether predators may be scary also after death remains unexplored. Here, we describe the “fight‐and‐flight” responses of a prey, the wild boar (Sus scrofa), to carcasses of (a) its main predator, the gray wolf (Canis lupus) and (b) a carnivore that very rarely kills wild boars, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), in the western Alps (Italy). We recorded the behavior of wild boars at 10 wolf and 9 fox carcass sites. We found eight “fight‐and‐flight” responses toward wolf carcasses, and none toward fox carcasses. Our results suggest that carnivore carcasses may indeed be scary; fear responses toward them are dependent on the species to which the carcass belongs; and animals approaching the carcasses are feared mainly when the latter are relatively fresh. This emphasizes the multiple and complex roles that carrion plays in the landscape of fear and opens exciting ecological, epidemiological, and evolutionary research avenues.
Pulmonary dysfunction in overweight and obese children with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Kasim Aina Salwa , Golbabapour Shahram , Zaini Azriyanti Anuar , Peng Eg Kah , Jalaludin Muhammad Yazid , Nathan Anna Marie , Chinna Karuthan , Thavagnanam Surendran 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionOverweight and obese children are at risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and abnormal pulmonary function (PF).AimInvestigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), OSA on PF in children.Materials & MethodSeventy‐four children were recruited. Mixed obstructive apnoea‐hypopnea index (MOAHI), BMI, oxygen saturation (SpO2), forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and fractionated exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured.ResultsTwenty‐four and thirty children had mild OSA and moderate‐to‐severe OSA respectively. BMI correlated negatively with SpO2 nadir (r = −.363, p = .001). FVC, FEV1 and nadir SpO2 values decreased with OSA severity (p < .001). The odds of a child with OSA having an abnormal spirometry was 3.16 (95% CI: 1.08, 9.22). There was significant association between FeNO and AHI (r = .497, <.001).DiscussionOverweight and obese children with OSA have significant abnormalities in pulmonary function independent of BMI. OSA severity and elevated FeNO also correlated with diminishing lung function.
Yield spread selection in predicting recession probabilities
Authors: Choi Jaehyuk , Ge Desheng , Kang Kyu Ho , Sohn Sungbin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe literature on using yield curves to forecast recessions customarily uses 10‐year–3‐month Treasury yield spread without verification on the pair selection. This study investigates whether the predictive ability of spread can be improved by letting a machine learning algorithm identify the best maturity pair and coefficients. Our comprehensive analysis shows that, despite the likelihood gain, the machine learning approach does not significantly improve prediction, owing to the estimation error. This is robust to the forecasting horizon, control variable, sample period, and oversampling of the recession observations. Our finding supports the use of the 10‐year–3‐month spread.
Antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer function of Engleromyces goetzei Henn aqueous extract on human intestinal Caco‐2 cells treated with t‐BHP
Authors: Jun Ni , Yi‐Ting Cheng , Yu‐Ting Gao , Cheng‐Fa Zhao , Li‐Juan Li , Rong She , Xiao‐yan Yang , Wen Xiao , Xu Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh body mass index (high BMI, obesity) is a serious public health problem, and “obesity‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer” have become modern epidemic diseases. We carried out this study to explore a functional beverage that may protect against obesity‐induced diseases. The Engleromyces goetzei Henn herbal tea is such a candidate. For this study, we carried out LC–MS analysis of E. goetzei Henn aqueous extract (EgH‐AE); then used the Caco‐2 cell line for the model cells and treated the cells with t‐BHP to form an oxidative stress system. An MTT assay was used for testing the biocompatibility and cytoprotective effects; reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde determination was used for evaluating the antioxidative stress effect; TNF‐α and IL‐1β were used for observing the anti‐inflammatory effect, and 8‐OHdG for monitoring anticancer activity. The results of this study demonstrate that the EgH‐AE has very good biocompatibility with the Caco‐2 cell line and has good cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer properties. It is clear that EgH‐AE, a kind of ancient herbal tea, may be used to develop a functional beverage that can be given to people with a high BMI to protect against obesity‐induced diseases.
The impact of Sino–US trade war on price discovery of soybean: A double‐edged sword?
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arunava , Rajib Prabina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn 2018, the world witnessed a full‐fledged trade war between United States and China with both countries levying successive tariffs on each other. Though the impact of trade war could be visibly assessed from declining export volume and rising bankruptcy filing from farmers, what went unnoticed was a far‐reaching negative impact at a granular market microstructure level. In this study, the effect of trade war on the leading role of US soybean futures in price discovery has been evaluated. The results corroborate the negative impact of trade war on the information leadership share of US soybean futures market. Moreover, the results shows that the negative impact gets manifested through various sentiment indicators such as Google search trends, hedger's sentiment, and so on. Hence, trade war may have given some temporary economic and strategic benefit to the United States, but it is no less than the proverbial double‐edged sword as it nearly killed the soybean market of the United States.
The multifaceted ownership change of foreign subsidiaries: The diverse responses to different types of negative performance feedback
Authors: Li Wen Helena , Guo Bin , Kumar Vikas , Gu Jinlong , Hu Wentao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryBy integrating performance feedback theory and ownership management literature, we examine how parent multinational companies (MNCs) evaluate their foreign subsidiaries' poor performance against various aspirations and make multifaceted ownership change decisions. Our results show that social aspirations matter more than historical aspirations in ownership change decisions. When a focal subsidiary is underperforming relative to industry peers or overseas subsidiary peers, its parent MNC tends to change its ownership of foreign subsidiaries and by a high degree. However, regarding the direction of ownership change, a foreign subsidiary with performance below industry peers tends to experience an ownership decrease, whereas the opposite is true when a subsidiary's performance is below overseas subsidiary peers. Overall, we extend existing theories that downplay the role of aspirations in ownership changes.Managerial SummaryEffective ownership management in foreign subsidiaries is key to sustaining the global operations of MNCs. An important task for parent managers is to make sense of the poor performance of their foreign subsidiaries against various aspirations and respond in terms of ownership change decisions. We find that managers are more sensitive when their foreign subsidiary's performance is below its social peers than below its past performance. Specifically, parent managers tend to change ownership to a large extent when their foreign subsidiary is poorly performed compared with its industry peers as an external benchmark or overseas subsidiary peers as an internal benchmark. Moreover, parent managers tend to reduce ownership when the subsidiary's performance is below industry peers, while are more likely to increase ownership when the performance is below its overseas subsidiary peers.
Stronger neural response to canonical finger‐number configurations in deaf compared to hearing adults revealed by FPVS‐EEG
Authors: Buyle Margot , Lochy Aliette , Vencato Valentina , Crollen Virginie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe linguistic counting system of deaf signers consists of a manual counting format that uses specific structures for number words. Interestingly, the number signs from 1 to 4 in the Belgian sign languages correspond to the finger‐montring habits of hearing individuals. These hand configurations could therefore be considered as signs (i.e., part of a language system) for deaf, while they would simply be number gestures (not linguistic) for hearing controls. A Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation design was used with electroencephalography recordings to examine whether these finger‐number configurations are differently processed by the brain when they are signs (in deaf signers) as compared to when they are gestures (in hearing controls). Results showed that deaf signers show stronger discrimination responses to canonical finger‐montring configurations compared to hearing controls. A second control experiment furthermore demonstrated that this finding was not merely due to the experience deaf signers have with the processing of hand configurations, as brain responses did not differ between groups for finger‐counting configurations. Number configurations are therefore processed differently by deaf signers, but only when these configurations are part of their language system.
Impact of tariff refinement on the choice between scheduled C‐section and normal delivery: Evidence from France
Authors: Proshin Alex , Cazenave‐Lacroutz Alexandre , Rochaix Lise 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStudying quasi‐experimental data from French hospitals from 2010 to 2013, we test the effects of a substantial diagnosis‐related group (DRG) tariff refinement that occurred in 2012, designed to reduce financial risks of French maternity wards. To estimate the resulting DRG incentives with regard to the choice between scheduled C‐sections and other modes of child delivery, we predict, based on pre‐admission patient characteristics, the probability of each possible child delivery outcome and calculate expected differences in associated tariffs. Using patient‐level administrative data, we find that introducing additional severity levels and clinical factors into the reimbursement algorithm had no significant effect on the probability of a scheduled C‐section being performed. The results are robust to multiple formulations of DRG financial incentives. Our paper is the first study that focuses on the consequences of a DRG refinement in obstetrics and develops a probabilistic approach suitable for measuring the expected effects of DRG fee incentives in the presence of multiple tariff groups.
Responses of soil water dynamics to precipitation events in an alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai Lake Basin based on high‐precision lysimeter measurements
Authors: Wu Tingyun , Li Xiaoyan , Zuo Fenglin , Deng Yuanhong , Hu Guangrong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn high‐altitude cold areas, how precipitation and freeze–thaw processes affect soil water dynamics is not well understood due to a lack of high real‐time resolution measurements. This study measured soil water balance components with a high‐precision lysimeter in an alpine meadow ecosystem in the Qinghai Lake watershed from June 30, 2020, to June 30, 2021. The results showed that the total precipitation (TP), evapotranspiration (ET), soil water storage change (ΔS) and the vertical water flow (WF) of this ecosystem were 705.18, 633.21, 72.58 and −0.60 mm, respectively, during the study period. Continuous wet days with precipitation events larger than 10.00 mm led to percolation, while continuous dry days with strong ET caused an upward WF. Pearson correlation analysis suggests that a larger instantaneous precipitation intensity may be more conducive to an increase in shallow soil moisture (R2 > 0.72, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the TP thresholds in the complete thawing period inducing the soil water response in the mattic epipedon layer (0–20 cm) and organic layer (20–40 cm) were 3.24 mm and 16.61 mm, respectively. The difference in the average response time of soil water to a single precipitation event between the mattic epipedon layer and organic layer was 5.52 ± 3.65 h. These results deepen the understanding of the temporal pattern of water flux in alpine meadow ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau.
Predicting lung cancer treatment response from CT images using deep learning
Authors: Tyagi Shweta , Talbar Sanjay N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLung cancer is the deadliest type of cancer and is one of the most frequently occurring cancers. It is primarily diagnosed in later stages when treatment becomes difficult. For better treatment and higher chances of survival, the treatment response of lung cancer patients needs to be analyzed to check whether the patients are responding to the treatment or not. This analysis can be done with the help of follow‐up computed tomography (CT) imaging before and after the treatment. However, manually analyzing the baseline and post‐treatment CT scan images of so many lung cancer patients is a tedious task. This study proposes an intuitive approach based on deep learning to analyze lung cancer through CT scan images before and after the treatment. In this approach, we utilized a segmentation network to segment the lung tumor in the follow‐up CT images. The segmented tumor is then analyzed to check the treatment effect, as suggested by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines. The segmentation network combines a vision transformer and a convolutional neural network. The segmentation network is first trained on a public dataset and then fine‐tuned on the local dataset to improve the segmentation performance. For this study, we have collected a lung cancer dataset from an Indian hospital. The dataset is divided into two parts dataset I and dataset II. Dataset I consists of 100 CT scans, which we use to fine‐tune the proposed segmentation network. Dataset II comprises 220 CT scans of 110 patients, consisting of baseline and post‐treatment scans. We use dataset II for testing. We achieved significant performance.
Research and scholarly methods: Creating a research protocol
Authors: Axon David R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPharmacy students, residents, fellows, faculty, and other early career pharmacists often need support when preparing to engage in research for the first time. The purpose of this article is to describe a template for a pharmacy practice‐based research proposal, that may be used by new researchers to help them plan their research project. The proposal begins with the proposed project title and a list of authors and is followed by the introduction section and methods section. The proposal ends with the budget, timeline, references, and appendices. Each section of the proposal outline is described in detail, and example wording is provided to help guide the proposal development.
Adsorption of Ibuprofen as a pharmaceutical pollutant from aqueous phase using zinc oxide nanoparticles: Green synthesis, batch adsorption, and biological activities
Authors: Alibrahim Khuloud A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent interest has focused on the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs), particularly from plants. The production of precipitate served as an early indicator of the presence in the present study's use of ZnO NPs green synthesis of these particles, which was further validated by; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction. Additionally, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller was used to calculate the surface area, which came out to be 119.12 m2/g. Since the true effects of new pollutants, including medicines, on the environment and human health are not well understood, their presence in aquatic systems poses a severe hazard. For this reason, the antibiotic Ibuprofen (IBP) was absorbable to ZnO‐NPs in this search. As opposed to fitting to Langmuir isothermally, the adsorption process was discovered to be pseudo‐second‐order kinetically, and the reaction was determined to be a chemisorption process. The process was endothermic and spontaneous, according to thermodynamic studies. Maximizing IBP removal from aqueous solution required the use of a Box–Behnken surface statistical design with four components, four levels, and response surface modeling. Solution pH, IBP concentration, duration, and dose were the four parameters that were utilized. The regeneration process, which is employed for five cycles with excellent efficiency, is the best benefit of using ZnO‐NPs. Examine the elimination of pollutants from actual samples as well. However, the adsorbent is quite effective at reducing biological activity. At high concentrations of ZnO‐NPs demonstrated notable antioxidant activity and Red Blood Cell (RBC) hemocompatibility and no discernible hemolysis was seen. ZnO‐NPs demonstrated a notable percent suppression of α‐amylase up to 53.6% at 400 μg/mL, and so displayed potential as an antidiabetic. Cyclooxygenase was suppressed by ZnO‐NPs in an anti‐inflammatory test (COX‐1 & COX‐2) up to 56.32% and 52.04% at a concentration of 400 μg/mL, respectively. Significant anti‐Alzheimer potential was demonstrated by ZnO‐NPs at 400 μg/mL by inhibiting Acetyl cholinesterase and Butyl cholinesterase up to 68.98 ± 1.62% and 62.36%, respectively. We concluded that guava extract is helpful for ZnO‐NP reduction and capping. The bioengineered NPs could prevent Alzheimer's, diabetes, and inflammation and were biocompatible.