bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of thyroid hormone systems in rodents with subterranean lifestyle
Authors: Gerhardt Patricia , Begall Sabine , Frädrich Caroline , Renko Kostja , Hildebrandt Thomas B. , Holtze Susanne , Heinrich Alexandra , Sahm Arne , Meci Xheni , Köhrle Josef , Rijntjes Eddy , Henning Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAfrican mole-rats are subterranean rodents inhabiting underground burrows. This habitat entails risks of overheating, hypoxia, and scarce food availability. Consequently, many subterranean species have evolved low basal metabolism and low body temperature, but the regulation of these traits at the molecular level were unknown. Measurements of serum thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations in African mole-rats have revealed a unique TH phenotype, which deviates from the typical mammalian pattern. Since THs are major regulators of metabolic rate and body temperature, we further characterised the TH system of two African mole-rat species, the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) and the Ansell’s mole-rat (Fukomys anselli) at the molecular level in a comparative approach involving the house mouse (Mus musculus) as a well-studied laboratory model in TH research. Most intriguingly, both mole-rat species had low iodide levels in the thyroid and naked mole-rats showed signs of thyroid gland hyperplasia. However, contrary to expectations, we found several species-specific differences in the TH systems of both mole-rat species, although ultimately resulting in similar serum TH concentrations. These findings indicate a possible convergent adaptation. Thus, our study adds to our knowledge for understanding adaptations to the subterranean habitat.
Germline VWF/MPRIP and somatoplasm FGA variants synergically confer susceptibility to non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Wang Dawei , Gu Longchao , Zheng Juan , Zhang Qiang , Xu Qi , Li Rongrong , Song Da , Ha Chengzhi , Zhang Qianqian , Yin Han , Xu Mingtao , Wang Hongmin , Li Wei , Yuan Zhengfeng , Yang Cuncun , Gu Mingliang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNon-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) relies on multiple pathogenic factors, including intravascular coagulation, osteoporosis and lipid metabolism disorders. Despite extensively explored from various aspects, genetic mechanism underlying non-traumatic ONFH has not been fully elucidated. We randomly collected blood and necrotic tissue samples from 32 patients with non-traumatic ONFH as well as blood samples from 30 healthy individuals for whole exome sequencing (WES). Germline mutation and somatic mutation were analyzed to identify new potential pathogenic genes responsible for non-traumatic ONFH. Three genes might correlate with non-traumatic ONFH: VWF, MPRIP (germline mutations) and FGA (somatic mutations). Germline or somatic mutations in VWF, MPRIP and FGA correlate with intravascular coagulation, thrombosis, and consequently, ischemic necrosis of the femoral head.
Economic dispatch of CAES in an integrated energy system with cooling, heating, and electricity supplies
Authors: Wu Chenxi , Hong Hanxiao , Tseng Chung‐Li , Wen Fushuan , Wu Qiuwei , Shahnia Farhad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFlexible combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems are effective in integrating wind sources. As an attractive, clean, and large‐scale energy storage technique, the advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA‐CAES) can store and generate both electricity and heating, and also provide cooling during expansion under certain conditions. Although AA‐CAES has immense potential in multi‐energy supply systems, CCHP dispatch with AA‐CAES and wind power generation (WPG) is yet to be systematically studied. In this study, the economic dispatch of an AA‐CAES system equipped with WPG is addressed. The AA‐CAES system is comprehensively modelled by considering its thermal characteristics, air‐temperature changes due to heating exchange, air storage constraint, and other factors, particularly the heat supply to the air for expansion, which is a key factor that influences the cooling supply. Subsequently, the cooling, heating, and power of the AA‐CAES system are dispatched to minimise the operating cost under different supply modes. In conclusion, the proposed method is demonstrated using an integrated energy system in an industrial park, and the operation cost of the AA‐CAES system is minimised. The numerical results demonstrate that the participation of AA‐CAES in CCHP dispatch can curtail WPG and reduce operation costs. The economics of the different supply modes of AA‐CAES are also discussed.
Robust control of a forward‐converter active battery cell balancing
Authors: Abareshi Mohammad , Hamzeh Mohsen , Farhangi Shahrokh , Alavi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractControl of balancing current is important for the safety of battery cells and active cell balancing (ACB) power electronics. This paper presents a method, based on quantitative feedback theory (QFT), for robust control of balancing current despite uncertainties, which exist in the battery cells' and power electronics' dynamical models. A remarkable feature of QFT is its interactive graphical design environment, which gives useful insights for the selection of desired robust stability and performance specifications, controller structure, and parameters tuning. Without loss of generality, this paper describes the QFT‐based balancing current robust control system design for a forward‐converter‐based ACB. This paper also presents an average model of the forward‐converter‐based ACB circuit, operating in more than two modes; a case that has not been addressed in literatures. The effectiveness of the proposed QFT‐based balancing current robust control system is evaluated experimentally.
Rotor topology optimization and electromagnetic performance analysis of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicle applications
Authors: Niu Lianbo , Zhang Mingzhu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) with ‘VV—’ shape rotor topology structure is proposed. The established two‐dimensional (2D) parameterized finite element analysis (FEA) models are used to analyze and compare the output average torque, torque density, air‐gap flux density and back electromotive force (EMF) of the IPMSM with ‘V’ shape, ‘V—’ shape, ‘VV—’ shape for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The rotor topology structure has a great influence on the performance of the IPMSM, especially the first layer of permanent magnet of the multi‐layers permanent magnet structure has the greatest influence on the performance of the IPMSM. Therefore, firstly, this paper mainly analyzes and optimizes the opening angle of permanent magnet and the pole arc angle of the first layer, which have a great influence on the electromagnetic performance of the IPMSM. Secondly, the d‐axis and q‐axis inductance, saliency ratio, output average torque, reluctance torque under different current angles are analyzed and compared. The results show that the output average torque and reluctance torque of the IPMSM for EV applications with ‘VV—’ shape rotor topology structure proposed in this paper are larger than that of the other two rotor topology structures as the amount of permanent magnet with ‘VV—’ shape rotor topology structure is slightly reduced. Finally, the torque density versus current density of the IPMSM with three different rotor topology structures is analyzed and compared. The results show that the torque density of the IPMSM with ‘VV—’ shape proposed in this paper is higher than that of the other two rotor topology structures under different current densities.
Rectal Cancer and Radiation in Colitis
Authors: Lynn Patricio B. , Cronin Catherine , Rangarajan Sriram , Widmar Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. When IBD patients develop a rectal cancer, this should be treated with the same oncological principles and guidelines as the general population. Rectal cancer treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (RT). Many IBD patients will require a total proctocolectomy with an ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) and others, restoration of intestinal continuity may not be feasible or advisable. The literature is scarce regarding outcomes of IPAA after RT. In the present review, we will summarize the evidence regarding RT toxicity in IBD patients and review surgical strategies and outcomes of IPAA after RT.
From fellow traveller to eco-warrior: the translation and reception of Thoreau in China
Authors: Liu Aihua , Zhu Ying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFirst published in 1854, Walden, by Henry David Thoreau, has been translated into many languages. The last three decades have witnessed a growing number of Chinese versions of Walden, together with an upsurge of interest in this classic American book. Adopting a descriptive and diachronic approach, this article surveys the different Chinese versions of Walden, the studies by Chinese scholars on Thoreau/Walden, as well as eco-writings inspired by Thoreau/Walden in China, with the purpose of investigating the translation and reception of Thoreau in China from three perspectives: those of translators, literary scholars and writers. Thoreau was initially understood by his Chinese translators as a foreign thinker whose work endorses traditional Chinese values such as the celebration of Nature and Tianrenheyi 天人合— (or “harmony between Nature and man”), and Walden was valued mainly for its perceived alignment with a “native” component in Chinese philosophy and a multifaceted figure in China. Later, this writing was regarded as a product of the complex integration of Chinese and American thinking in the eyes of Chinese literary scholars. Most recently, Thoreau has been transformed into a multifaceted figure in China, one who has enjoyed a great influence upon Chinese eco-writers. In some respects, the rising popularity of Thoreau in China mirrors his increasing popularity in the United States; however, the evolving reception of his work by translators, literary scholars and writers in China may diverge in detail from his critical and popular reception in his native country.
Using mid-infrared spectroscopy to identify more fertile cows for insemination to sexed semen
Authors: Newton Joanna E. , Ho Phuong N. , Pryce Jennie E. 
Published: February 2023

Context Broader applications of milk mid-infrared spectral data could add value to milk-recording data. One such application is to rank cows on the probability of conception to first service (MFERT) which could help prioritise cows for insemination with dairy sexed semen (SS). Aims This study compared the use of MFERT estimates against two other approaches, to (1) identify most and least fertile dairy cows and (2) prioritise cows predicted to be most fertile for first service insemination with SS. Methods Mid-infrared spectral data from first herd test after calving was used to generate 13 379 MFERT predictions for 76 cohorts. Reproduction records were used to calculate reproductive parameters, calf numbers and net benefit, i.e. calf values minus mating costs, for two breeding programs. Breeding program 1 used SS and conventional dairy semen, while Breeding program 2 used SS, conventional dairy and beef semen. Three semen-allocation approaches were compared, namely, allocation via MFERT, calving date (CDATE) or assignment via random number generator (RANDOM). Key results MFERT significantly outperformed (1) RANDOM in identifying cows most and least likely to calf after first insemination (P < 0.05), and (2) both CDATE and RANDOM in identifying cows most and least likely to calf overall (P < 0.05). This resulted in up to 1.5 and 4.5 more dairy heifer calves, in Breeding programs 1 and 2 respectively, and up to six fewer dairy-beef calves in Breeding program 2. Differences in net benefit among semen-allocation approaches were modest, although generally favoured MFERT. Few significant differences between MFERT and CDATE were found. However, significant net benefit differences among all three semen-allocation approaches were seen in Breeding program 2. Conclusions MFERT outperformed CDATE and RANDOM in identifying most and least fertile cows. Realised net benefits of semen allocation by MFERT over other approaches were modest. Given the impact of semen type and dairy-beef calf prices value proposition will vary. Implications Our study confirmed that MFERT can add value to milk recording data by identifying the most and least fertile cows. As MFERT value is sensitive to individual farm parameters, incorporation alongside other fertility parameters into a decision support tool is desirable.
Self-healing magnetorheological elastomers based on thermoreversible Diels–Alder networks
Authors: Cerdan Kenneth , Brancart Joost , Camacho Guillermo , de Vicente Juan , Puyvelde Peter Van 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Magnetorheological (MR) elastomers are a class of stimuli-responsive materials of which the damping and stiffness can be reversibly tailored by applying magnetic fields. However, concerns such as fatigue damage, insufficient MR efficiencies with low loadings of magnetic particles or highly crosslinked elastomers, and lack of reprocessability remain unaddressed for conventional MR elastomers. To this end, a series of self-healing MR elastomers (SHMRE) were prepared based on thermoreversible Diels–Alder covalent crosslinks. The application of magnetic pulses yielded pre-aligned magnetic particles chains within the curing matrix which strongly influenced the SHMRE rheological properties. The resulting composites do not only exhibit a large MR effect but also efficient self-healing properties at room temperature. We found that the particle loading and the field-induced orientation of the aggregates affect the magnitude of the MR response, the mechanical strength and the healing efficiency. In addition, the MR response is also strongly influenced by the temperature. With a temperature increase from room temperature to 70 °C, a change in the MR response from 90% to 462% is observed while the SHMRE retain a solid viscoelastic state at 50 wt% particles loading. Interestingly, the thermoreversible features of the synthesized networks also allow potential reprocessability of SHMRE when heating these systems above the gel transition temperature (89 °C–90 °C). The final low viscous state makes it possible for the magnetic particles to be potentially restructured as chains by applying a magnetic field, which are retained upon cooling when the solid network state is recovered. The proposed SHMRE systems are shown to be a highly efficient and reprocessable solution to substitute classical MR elastomers in a wider context of generalized MR materials.
Primordial black holes from stochastic tunnelling
Authors: Animali Chiara , Vennin Vincent 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
If the inflaton gets trapped in a local minimum of its potential shortly before the end of inflation, it escapes by building up quantum fluctuations in a process known as stochastic tunnelling. In this work we study cosmological fluctuations produced in such a scenario, and how likely they are to form Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). This is done by using the stochastic-δ N formalism, which allows us to reconstruct the highly non-Gaussian tails of the distribution function of the number of e-folds spent in the false-vacuum state. We explore two different toy models, both analytically and numerically, in order to identify which properties do or do not depend on the details of the false-vacuum profile. We find that when the potential barrier is small enough compared to its width, ΔV/V < Δϕ
2/M
Pl
2, the potential can be approximated as being flat between its two local extrema, so results previously obtained in a “flat quantum well” apply.
Otherwise, when Δ V/V < V/M
Pl
4, the PBH abundance depends exponentially on the height of the potential barrier, and when Δ V/V > V/M
Pl it depends super-exponentially (i.e. as the exponential of an exponential) on the barrier height. In that later case PBHs are massively produced.
This allows us to quantify how much flat inflection points need to be fine-tuned.
In a deep false vacuum, we also find that slow-roll violations are typically encountered unless the potential is close to linear. This motivates further investigations to generalise our approach to non–slow-roll setups.
Holographic energy density, dark energy sound speed, and tensions in cosmological parameters: H0 and S8
Authors: Cardona Wilmar , Sabogal M.A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Interesting discrepancies in cosmological parameters are challenging the success of the ΛCDM model. Direct measurements of the Hubble constant H
0 using Cepheid variables and supernovae turn out to be higher than inferred from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Weak galaxy lensing surveys consistently report values of the strength of matter clustering σ
8 lower than values derived from the CMB in the context of ΛCDM. In this paper we address these discrepancies in cosmological parameters by considering Dark Energy (DE) as a fluid with evolving equation of state w
de(z), constant sound speed squared ĉ
s
2, and vanishing anisotropic stress σ. Our w
de(z) is derived from the Holographic Principle and can consecutively exhibit radiation-like, matter-like, and DE-like behaviour, thus affecting the sound horizon and the comoving angular diameter distance, hence H
0. Here we show DE sound speed plays a part in the matter clustering behaviour through its effect on the evolution of the gravitational potential. We compute cosmological constraints using several data set combinations including primary CMB, CMB lensing, redshift-space-distortions, local distance-ladder, supernovae, and baryon acoustic oscillations. In our analysis we marginalise over ĉ
s
2 and find ĉ
s
2 = 1 is excluded at ≳ 3σ. For our baseline result including the whole data set we found H
0 and σ
8 in good agreement (within ≈ 2σ) with low redshift probes. Our constraint for the baryon energy density ω
b is however in ≈ 3σ tension with BBN constraints. We conclude evolving DE also having non-standard clustering properties [e.g., ĉ
s
2(z,k)] might be relevant for the solution of current discrepancies in cosmological parameters.
Analyses and optimization of the CFETR power conversion system with a new supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle
Authors: Zhao Pinghui , Chen Zhansheng , Jin Yixuan , Wan Teng , Wang Xiaohu , Liu Ke , Lei Mingzhun , Li Yuanjie , Peng Changhong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor (CFETR) power conversion system, with a supercritical CO2 (SCO2) Brayton cycle, is designed, analyzed and optimized. Considering the pulse operation of the reactor, a heat storage loop with high temperature molten salt and low temperature concrete is introduced. Based on the parameters of the first cooling loop, the CFETR power conversion loop is designed and studied. A new SCO2 Brayton cycle for the CFETR dual heat sources, blanket and divertor, is developed and optimized using a genetic algorithm. Compared to other simple and recompression cycles, it is shown that the new SCO2 Brayton cycle combines maximum thermal efficiency with simplicity. Exergy analyses are carried out and show that the exergy destruction rates of turbine and heat exchangers between different loops are the largest due to the large turbine power and the large temperature difference. The exergoeconomic analyses show that the fusion reactor accounts for the main cost, which is the key to the economy of fusion power generation. The following sensitivity analyses show that the hot molten salt temperature has a major influence on the system performance. Finally, several multi-criteria optimization algorithms are introduced to simultaneously optimize the three fitness functions, the cycle thermal efficiency, the system exergy efficiency and the total system product unit cost. It is found that the maximum thermal efficiency, the maximum exergy efficiency and the lowest total system product unit cost can be obtained almost simultaneously for the new CFETR power conversion system, and this optimal operation scheme is presented.
Anomaly detection based on lightweight deep learning algorithms
Authors: Liu Jinghua , Zheng Zhe , Li Haitao , Xiong Yanwei , Ding Xin , Nie Yuhu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The safe and reliable operation of power transmission lines is the key to the sustainable and stable operation of power grids. Using the artificial intelligence techniques for the channel status monitoring greatly improves the inspection efficiency of transmission lines. However, the discrimination is mostly conducted on the cloud side, which does not meet the requirement of real-time processing. In this paper, we build an intelligent monitoring system for transmission lines based on edge computing. According to the specific characteristics of the real-world power filed applications, a lightweight deep learning algorithm model is designed. It is then transplanted on a self-developed AI chip and a field test is carried out. The experimental results show that the model designed in this paper balances well between the accuracy, the model size and the inference speed. It realizes status local discrimination of the transmission lines, and promising detection results are obtained.
FEMA-CL: Fair Efficient Multi-Agent Course learning
Authors: Li Jiawei , Chen Hong , Sun Liang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sociology shows that blindly pursuing the fairness of resource distribution will significantly reduce people’s enthusiasm for work, which is not conducive to the increase of total social material resources. Promoting the fairness of the social system in stages, that is, achieving fairness on the premise of a certain material basis, can not only ensure the efficiency of the total social material accumulation, but also promote the fairness of the social system. Therefore, inspired by the above, we introduced multi-stage curriculum learning into learning fair policy of multi-agent systems, and proposed a novel Fair and Effective Multi-Agent Curriculum Learning (FEMA-CL). The multi-stage course learning progressively promotes the learning fairness and efficiency of large-scale multi-agent systems through three stages: selfish stage, soft fair stage and global fair stage. Our method is easy to learn fairness and efficiency, and has carried out extensive experiments in three typical multi-agent scenarios. Compared with the current popular work, our method has superior performance.
Signal based Dilation Convolution CAM for Feature Extraction and Analysis in CNN Model
Authors: Zhao Liang , Yang Yifei , Feng Yang , Xiao Xundong , Wang Xingjun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We propose a new kind of model interpretation and feature display method for quantitatively analysis of deep learning model’s working mechanism in physiological feature extraction and classification. Deep learning is faced with lack of interpretation and inner mechanism for its results, which has limited its application in some high-risk field, such as medical diagnosis. The method, designated as SDC-CAM, raised in this article was developed to display the features curve and key features during deep learning model process. And SDC-CAM can quantitatively show the tendency of specific data on different classification. A threshold value can be set to visually display the colored region as key features to show the working mechanism of convolutional neural network(CNN) model. We believe this method can provide positive effect for CNN interpretation and understanding.