bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The endoplasmic reticulum stress and B cell lymphoma-2 related ovarian killer participate in docosahexaenoic acid-induced adipocyte apoptosis in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Ji Shanghong , Bian Chenchen , Sun Jian , Ji Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) lessens adipose tissue lipid deposition partly by inducing adipocyte apoptosis in grass carp, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) is the novel pathway for inducing apoptosis. This study aimed to explore the potential role of ER stress in DHA-induced apoptosis in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) adipocytes. DHA induced apoptosis by deforming the nuclear envelope, condensing the chromatin, and increasing the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and genes in vivo and in vitro (P &lt; 0.05). However, the ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), effectively suppressed DHA-induced apoptosis (P &lt; 0.05), indicating that ER stress mediates DHA-induced adipocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, we observed that 200 μM DHA significantly up-regulates the transcripts of B cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) related ovarian killer (BOK) in vitro (P &lt; 0.05). BOK is a pro-apoptotic protein in the BCL-2 family, which governs the mitochondria apoptosis pathway. Hence, we hypothesized that BOK might be an important linker between ER stress and apoptosis. We cloned and identified two grass carp BOK genes, BOKa and BOKb, which encode peptides of 213 and 216 amino acids, respectively. BOKa primarily localizes in ER and mitochondria in the cytoplasm, while BOKb localizes in the nucleus and cytoplasm of grass carp adipocytes. Moreover, 200 μM DHA treatment up-regulated the mRNA expression of BOKa and BOKb, whereas 4-PBA suppressed the DHA-induced expressions. These results raised the possibility that BOK participates in DHA-induced adipocyte apoptosis through ER stress signaling, in line with its localization in ER and mitochondria. Two UPR branches, the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) signaling pathways, are possibly important in DHA-induced adipocyte apoptosis, unlike protein kinase RNA-activated-like ER kinase. The study also emphasized the roles of BOKa and BOKb in IRE1α- and ATF6-mediated apoptosis. This work is the first to elucidate the importance of the ER stress-BOK pathway during adipocyte apoptosis in teleost.
Stump appendicitis: challenging diagnosis with serious complication: a case report
Authors: Alemayehu Abdi , Woyesa Ebisa , Fekadu Desalegn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStump appendicitis is a rare complication of appendectomy because of recurrent inflammation of the residual appendix. The diagnosis is often delayed because of low index of suspicious, which may result in serious complications. Twenty-three-year-old male patient presented with right lower quadrant abdominal pain after 7 month of appendectomy done at a hospital. On physical examination, he has right lower quadrant tenderness and rebound tenderness. Abdominal ultrasound was done with finding of blind-ended tubular noncompressible 2 cm long part of appendix with wall-to-wall diameter of 10 mm. There is also focal defect with surrounding fluid collection. With this finding, perforated stump appendicitis was diagnosed. He was operated with similar intra operative finding. The patient discharged improved after 5 days of hospital. This is first reported case in Ethiopia as far as our search is concerned. Despite past medical history of appendectomy, the diagnosis was made by means of ultrasound scan. Stump appendicitis is a rare but important complication of appendectomy, often misdiagnosed. Prompt recognition is important to avoid serious complications. This pathologic entity should always be kept in mind in case of right lower quadrant pain in patient with previous history of appendectomy.
Apoptotic vesicles: emerging concepts and research progress in physiology and therapy
Authors: Fu Yu , He Yifan , Wu Di , Sui Bingdong , Jin Yan , Hu Xuefeng , Shi Songtao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Apoptosis represents the dominant form of programmed cell death and plays critical roles in maintaining tissue and organ homeostasis. A notable population of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is generated during apoptosis, known as apoptotic vesicles (apoVs). These apoVs are increasingly the subject of studies concerning their identity and mechanisms of production, which have been revealed unique biological and functional characteristics that are emerging as crucial regulators for diverse processes. Furthermore, apoVs have been gradually noticed for their essential role in regulating the physiology of various organ systems in vivo, and growing evidence suggests that apoV dysregulation contributes to age- and pathology-associated tissue alterations. Importantly, apoVs can be therapeutically harnessed to unleash their potential in treating several diseases such as immune disorders, osteoporosis, cutaneous wound and acute liver failure; these vesicles, mainly derived from cultured mesenchymal stem cells, hold great translational promise. Here we review the current landscape of scientific knowledge about apoVs, with emphasis on mechanistic insights into how apoVs contribute to organismal health and disease, which also provide novel cell-free strategies for EV-based regenerative therapeutics.
Achieving symptom relief in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis by targeting the neuro-immune interface and optimizing disease tolerance
Authors: Rodriguez Lucie , Pou Christian , Lakshmikanth Tadepally , Zhang Jingdian , Mugabo Constantin Habimana , Wang Jun , Mikes Jaromir , Olin Axel , Chen Yang , Rorbach Joanna , Juto Jan-Erik , Li Tie Qiang , Julin Per , Brodin Petter 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) previously also known as chronic fatigue syndrome is a heterogeneous, debilitating syndrome of unknown etiology responsible for long-lasting disability in millions of patients worldwide. The most well-known symptom of ME is post-exertional malaise, but many patients also experience autonomic dysregulation, cranial nerve dysfunction and signs of immune system activation. Many patients also report a sudden onset of disease following an infection. The brainstem is a suspected focal point in ME pathogenesis and patients with structural impairment to the brainstem often show ME-like symptoms. The brainstem is also where the vagus nerve originates, a critical neuro-immune interface and mediator of the inflammatory reflex which regulate systemic inflammation. Here, we report the results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial using intranasal mechanical stimulation targeting nerve endings in the nasal cavity, likely from the trigeminal nerve, possibly activating additional centers in the brainstem of ME patients and correlating with a ∼30% reduction in overall symptom scores after 8 weeks of treatment. By performing longitudinal, systems-level monitoring of the blood immune system in these patients, we uncover signs of chronic immune activation in ME, as well as immunological correlates of improvement that center around gut-homing immune cells and reduced inflammation. The mechanisms of symptom relief remain to be determined, but transcriptional analyses suggest an upregulation of disease tolerance mechanisms. We believe that these results are suggestive of ME as a condition explained by a maladaptive disease tolerance response following infection.
Religious Speech and Silence about Sexuality
Authors: Daly Thompson Katrina , Anatoli (Ivanova) Olga 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the theme of silence about sexuality within religious communities. The discussion focuses not only on sexuality as religious taboo that necessitates silence but also on innovative ways to talk about sex while containing the taboo through humor, indirect speech, vagueness, and euphemism. The authors argue that research can benefit from a closer examination of how discourse about sexuality within a religious context is often double-voiced, especially among those whose sexual practices and identifications are censored by religious dogma. The chapter explores this tension in the existing literature and then uses linguistic data to illustrate how people can use speech and silence to circumvent and transgress religious and linguistic taboos.
A Critical Encyclopedia of Heterosex
Authors: Farvid Panteá , Braun Virginia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Building on theoretical discussions regarding the institution of heterosexuality and heteronormativity, this chapter demonstrates how language and heterosexual sex (that is, heterosex) are intimately intertwined. The chapter teases out the ways in which the norms of heterosexuality have changed over time yet also remained the same in several fundamental ways. The first section maps the broad discursive conditions that shape dominant norms of contemporary heterosexuality in Anglo-Western contexts. The second section demonstrates the cultural imperatives that govern the desires, norms, and acts of heterosex, outlining how they create specific modes of being and doing in everyday practice. Finally, the conclusion considers the possibility that recent global activism may lead to a revamping of gendered norms and their tired rigidity.
Narratives of Queer Migration
Authors: Gray John , Baynham Mike 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter considers the phenomenon of queer migration from a linguistic perspective, paying particular attention to the constitutive role of spatial mobility in narrative and its role in the construction of queer migrant identities. The chapter begins by looking at the way in which queer migration has been discussed in the literature and then moves on to address three different types of queer migration in greater depth: migration within national borders from the village/countryside to the city; migration between cities in member states within the context of the European Union; and finally, asylum-seeking within the context of migration from the Global South to the Global North. The chapter concludes by suggesting that queer migration is a complex phenomenon in which the intersection of sexuality, gender identity, desire, affect, abjection, economic necessity, class, politics, and fear for one’s life combine in ways that are unique in the lives of individual migrants.
The Signs of Deaf Female Masculinity: Styles of Gendering/Queering ASL
Authors: Moges Rezenet 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter merges studies of masculinity with studies of sign language as it analyzes the production of a Deaf masculine style among Deaf female-bodied masculine lesbian ASL signers. The case study demonstrates how these signers produce and reproduce gender through membership and associated forms of participation in their communities of practice. However, signers outside of the community may uncritically also adopt an embodiment associated with masculine signers. With Judith Butler’s theory of performativity in mind, what should we make of ASL learners who are unaware that their signing styles are perceived as masculine? This chapter shows how the existence of diverse “types” of masculinity in fact enables the plurality of gender identities, whether intentionally or unintentionally adopted. The analysis reveals that the theorization of gender is far from simplistic, especially when its performance involves the intersection of bodily movements and signed languages.
Rewiring cell-free metabolic flux inE. colilysates using a block—push—pull approach
Authors: Dinglasan Jaime Lorenzo N , Doktycz Mitchel J 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCell-free systems can expedite the design and implementation of biomanufacturing processes by bypassing troublesome requirements associated with the use of live cells. In particular, the lack of survival objectives and the open nature of cell-free reactions afford engineering approaches that allow purposeful direction of metabolic flux. The use of lysate-based systems to produce desired small molecules can result in competitive titers and productivities when compared to their cell-based counterparts. However, pathway crosstalk within endogenous lysate metabolism can compromise conversion yields by diverting carbon flow away from desired products. Here, the ‘block—push—pull’ concept of conventional cell-based metabolic engineering was adapted to develop a cell-free approach that efficiently directs carbon flow in lysates from glucose and toward endogenous ethanol synthesis. The approach is readily adaptable, is relatively rapid and allows for the manipulation of central metabolism in cell extracts. In implementing this approach, a block strategy is first optimized, enabling selective enzyme removal from the lysate to the point of eliminating by-product-forming activity while channeling flux through the target pathway. This is complemented with cell-free metabolic engineering methods that manipulate the lysate proteome and reaction environment to push through bottlenecks and pull flux toward ethanol. The approach incorporating these block, push and pull strategies maximized the glucose-to-ethanol conversion in an Escherichia coli lysate that initially had low ethanologenic potential. A 10-fold improvement in the percent yield is demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first report of successfully rewiring lysate carbon flux without source strain optimization and completely transforming the consumed input substrate to a desired output product in a lysate-based, cell-free system.
Justice Matters. News Framing Effects on Opinions about Pension Reform
Authors: van den Heijkant Linda , van Selm Martine , Hellsten Iina , Vliegenthart Rens 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As aging populations put pressure on pension systems worldwide, pension reforms have dominated the (political) agenda in many countries for years. The media are essential information providers on such hotly debated issues. By selecting and highlighting certain aspects of an issue and glossing over others, also known as framing, news media can propagate a particular interpretation of the issue to the public. This study therefore approaches pension reform from the perspective of the media by examining how news frames of pension reform (i.e., responsibility frame and justice frame) influence how citizens perceive and respond to pension reform. Findings of an online survey-embedded experiment (N = 762) show that citizens who encountered a news frame that emphasized individual or collective responsibility for pensions showed a stronger preference for this type of responsibility; however, this effect was only positive if news media also framed individual or collective responsibility for pensions as just. In fact, exposure to an unjust frame leads to more negative attitudes toward the specific form of responsibility. Regarding individual differences, lower-educated people are more strongly impacted by the responsibility frame than higher-educated people. The strength of framing effects did not differ among citizens of different ages or levels of solidarity, nor between citizens who received the frames via their primary mode of news use and the ones exposed to a less preferred mode of news use. This study shows the importance of news framing in shaping citizens’ attitudes toward pension reforms, suggesting that media coverage matters in the public debate on pensions.
Lactulose therapy for patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and poor patient-reported outcomes: The Mi-Kristal trial
Authors: Tapper Elliot B. , Ospina Erin , Salim Najat , Chen Xi , Nikirk Samantha 
Published: April 2023

Background and Aims:
Poor patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are common in cirrhosis, including poor sleep and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). HE is a major driver of poor PROs. Many clinicians initiate lactulose therapy to address poor PROs. PRO-triggered therapy, however, has not been studied till date.

Methods:
We conducted a 28-day randomized trial of crystalline lactulose therapy (20 g BID) compared with no HE-directed therapy in 52 patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension, no prior HE, and high Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scores (0–10) attributed to cirrhosis. The primary outcome was change in global HRQOL measured with Short Form-8 Health Survey. Secondary outcomes included change in Animal Naming Test score, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment, and sleep quality (scored “very bad” to “very good”).

Approach and Results:
Overall, 52 patients underwent randomization; 3 subjects withdrew from the crystalline lactulose arm (1 before medication initiation, 1 due to an unrelated condition, and 1 due to high baseline bowel movements). The average age was 60 years, the average Model for Endstage Liver Disease—Sodium score was 10.5, and 56% of the patients had ascites. Baseline bowel movements were 2.3/day, with 35% of the patients having Bristol Stool Scale >4. At 28 days, there was no improvement in HRQOL: patients receiving crystalline lactulose had an 8.1-point (95% CI: 3.7–12.4) increase compared with 6.6 (95% CI: 2.3–10.8) in the control group (p = 0.6). Lactulose was associated with a significantly (p = 0.002) increased Animal Naming Test score (3.7, 95% CI: 2.1–5.4) versus the control group (0.2, 95% CI: −1.7, 1.4). Lactulose users reported more good sleep (92% vs. 52%, p = 0.001) and lower activity impairment (3.0 vs. 4.8, p = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Lactulose improves sleep and activity impairment in patients with poor PROs. We did not observe any improvement in global HRQOL after 28 days using the Short Form-8 Health Survey instrument.
State Experiences Linking Medicaid Data With Birth Certificates and Other Data Sources
Authors: Predmore Zachary , Heins Sara , Hoch Emily , Baxi Sangita , Grigorescu Violanda , Smith Scott 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Many states link Medicaid claims with birth certificates or other data, often to inform programs and policies aimed at improving maternal and child health (MCH).

Objectives:
To develop an up-to-date understanding of the extent of the use of linked Medicaid claims for MCH research by state.

Research Design:
We completed a structured literature review, developed an inventory of linkage efforts, and facilitated semistructured discussions with representatives from 9 states with established Medicaid claims data linkages to understand the technical details of linkages, experiences creating and maintaining linkages, and barriers or facilitators to establishing linkages.

Results:
We identified 45 peer-reviewed journal articles representing 22 states that used linked Medicaid data to study MCH and 33 states and territories that publicly report on Medicaid data linkages for a total of 39 states with any in-scope linkage. Discussions revealed that linkages often arose from the desire to answer a specific question or evaluate a program but then expanded to other use cases and that most states enable external researchers to access data for analysis. Respondents provided a few examples of where linked birth certificate data were used for health outcomes research.

Conclusion:
Additional resources including technical assistance for identifying best practices along with interagency collaboration could overcome barriers and facilitate a coordinated and consolidated approach across states.
Urinary tract infections older adults at Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda: case series
Authors: Saddari Abderrazak , Benhamza Noussaiba , Dalli Mohammed , Ezrari Said , Benaissa Elmostapha , Ben Lahlou Yassine , Elouennass Mostafa , Maleb Adil 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Due to its incidence, clinical polymorphism and severity, urinary tract infection is an important problem in elderly. The objectives of the authors’ work were to establish the bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection and/or colonization in the elderly and then to study drug resistance of bacterial strains isolated.

Materials and methods:
This is a 36 months retrospective study from 22 March 2016 to 11 May 2019. The study included urinary specimens of persons aged 65 years or over, hospitalized or consulting at the authors’ hospital. Urines were processed according to the recommendations of the medical microbiology reference system and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.

Results:
The authors collected 6552 requests for cytobacteriological examination of urine. Most of the specimens was collected in the middle stream (n=5503; 84%). Cultures were sterile in 49.77% of cases. Positive in 50.22% of cases. Among positive samples we had 53.41% polymorphic cultures, 32.75% urinary tract infection, and 13.82% urinary tract colonization. Gender distribution showed a sex ratio at 0.62. Gram-negative bacilli, with Escherichia coli as the main species, dominated the isolated bacteria. Resistance rates of E. coli strains that we isolated were 70% for amoxicillin, 36.31% for amoxicillin-clavulanate and 25% for ciprofloxacin. A high resistance rate was seen for third generation cephalosporins. Least resistance recorded to nitrofurantoin.

Conclusion:
ITU in the elderly is diverse and significantly different from that of younger patients, through its high contamination rate, difficulty in acquiring clinical information, high rate of asymptomatic bacteriuria, and high proportion of multidrug resistant bacteria.
Biological Agent Switching in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Güngörer Vildan , Çelikel Elif , Ekici Tekin Zahide , Polat Merve Cansu , Öner Nimet , Kurt Tuba , Kaplan Melike Mehveş , Sezer Müge , Tekgöz Nilüfer , Karagöl Cüneyt , Coşkun Serkan , Çelikel Acar Banu 
Published: April 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and outcomes of switching biological agents in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients using biological agents and compare the characteristics of patients whose biological agents are switched and those whose are not.

Methods
This medical records review study was conducted with 128 patients who were diagnosed with JIA at our clinic between January 2009 and January 2022 and were receiving biologic agents. Factors affecting the biologic agent switching were investigated.

Results
The JIA subtype with the most frequent switching in biological agents was systemic JIA (n = 13, 40.6%). Systemic JIA was followed by rheumatoid factor–negative polyarticular JIA and persistent oligoarticular JIA with 5 patients (15.6%), extended oligoarticular JIA and enthesitis-related JIA with 3 patients (9.3%), rheumatoid factor–positive polyarticular JIA with 2 patients (6.2%), and undifferentiated JIA with 1 patient (3.1%). Among the patients, 32 (25%) patients had their biological agent switched once, and 5 (3.9%) had theirs switched twice. The most frequently used biological agent was etanercept (n = 76, 59.3%), whereas the most frequently observed cases of biological agent switching were from an anti-TNF agent to another anti-TNF agent (40.6%). The reason for switching was unresponsiveness to the agent in 22 patients (68.8%), adverse effects in 6 patients (18.7%), drug intolerance in 1 patient (3.1%), and other reasons in 3 patients (9.3%).

Conclusions
The most frequently used biological agent was etanercept; the most frequent cases of biological agents switching were from an anti-TNF agent to another anti-TNF agent.