bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Overlap Method for Esophagojejunostomy in Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy: A retrospective study of a single center
Authors: Yalikun Abudushalamu , Zuo Bingyu , Kwan Wingyan , Dai Kefan , Hong Hiju , Li Shuchun , Ma Junjun , Xue Pei , Zang Lu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThis retrospective study aims to investigate the value of the application of the modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG).MethodsFrom January 2017 to June 2020, 115 patients underwent the modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy with intracorporeal anastomoses in TLTG. The patients’ data were collected prospectivelyand reviewed retrospectively.ResultsAll of 115 cases underwent TLTG and the modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy. There were neither conversions to open surgery nor intraoperative complications. In this study, the median operative time was 201 (166–242) min and the median time of esophagojejunostomy was 27 (24–41) min. The estimated blood loss (EBL), time of fluid diet intake and length of postoperative hospital stay were 75 mL (range 50-120 mL), 4 (3–5) days, and 10 (9–13) days. The mean lymph node harvest was 23 (18–31). Anastomotic leak occurred postoperatively on three patients (2.6%). After a short-term follow-up, no anastomotic stenosis was encountered by endoscopy.ConclusionsTLTG with modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy could be technically feasible and safe in upper gastric cancer patients. It has an acceptable range of postoperative complications, and it is effective in preventing anastomotic stenosis.
Fracture Pain in Children in the Emergency Department: the Impact of a New Pain Management Procedure
Authors: Liber Mélany , Jorna Claire , Abidji Déborah , Ramdane Nassima , Avez-Couturier Justine , Dubos François 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To compare compliance with the French national guidelines before and after the implementation (in 2018) of a new protocol on acute fracture pain management in the pediatric emergency department of a French university medical center.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective, before-after study in patients aged below 16 years presenting at the pediatric emergency department with a fracture. We compared pain management before (in 2017) and after (in 2019 and 2020) implementation of the new procedure. The primary endpoint was appropriate pain management, defined as (i) an appropriate initial assessment of pain, (ii) appropriate treatment with analgesic drugs (acetaminophen for mild pain, acetaminophen and ibuprofen for moderate pain, ibuprofen and morphine for severe pain) and (iii) reassessment of the pain intensity.
Results
572 patients were included (mean age: 6.5 years; male: 60%). 190 in 2017 and 382 in 2019–2020. Pain management was appropriate for 40% of the patients in 2017 and 52% in 2019–2020 (p = 0.004). Pain was rated for 98% of patients in 2017 vs. 100% in 2019–2020 (p = 0.04). The frequency of appropriate treatment for mild pain and moderate pain increased significantly from 52–76% and from 0–44%, respectively. The administration of ibuprofen increased by 26 percentage points (from 3 to 20 patients treated) and the administration of morphine increased by 29 percentage points (from 1 to 17 patients treated). Pain reassessment rose significantly from 21–43%. Levels of compliance with the guidelines were similar in 2019 and 2020. Analgesia was significantly more effective in 2019–2020 than in 2017 (in 20% vs. 14% of the patients, respectively; p = 0.005).
Conclusion
After the implementation of a new protocol for the management of acute fracture pain, we observed an increase in compliance with the guidelines. Although the use of ibuprofen and morphine rose significantly, further increases are required.
Coherent THz detection via ultrafast dynamics of hot Dirac fermions in graphene
Authors: Thomson Mark D. , Ludwig Florian , Holstein Jakob , Al-Mudhafar Reiam , Al-Daffaie Shihab , Roskos Hartmut 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Graphene has recently been shown to exhibit ultrafast conductivity modulation due to periodic carrier heating by either terahertz (THz) waves, leading to self-induced harmonic generation, or the intensity beat-note of two-color optical radiation. We exploit the latter to realize an optoelectronic photomixer for coherent, continuous-wave THz detection, based on a photoconductive antenna with multilayer graphene in the gap. While for biased THz emitters, the dark current would pose a serious detriment for performance, we show that this is not the case for bias-free THz detection, and demonstrate a detection bandwidth of at least 700 GHz at room temperature, even without optimized tuning of the doping. We account for the photocurrent and photomixing response using detailed simulations of the time-dependent carrier distribution, which also indicate significant potential for enhancement of the sensitivity, to become competitive with well-established semiconductor photomixers.
Leveraging Classification Models to Understand Football Players' and Teams' Characteristics
Authors: Rajagopalan Anirudh , Srid Rajeswari 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Expected Goals (xG) is a performance metric used to evaluate a football team's or a player's performance. Simply put, it represents the probability of a scoring opportunity that may result in a goal. This metric suits the low-scoring nature of sports such as football. The score of a match involves randomness and inexplicable factors that skew the data represented by standard metrics and often may not represent the actual performance of an individual or a team; therefore, it would be of more significant benefit to individuals trying to analyse a player or a team to use alternative statistics rather than shots on target, ball possessions percentage, and sprints completed. The xG Model is trained on several key metrics derived from on-field events, corroborating with the historical to measure the probability of a shot being a goal by the common goal. The selection of these features, the size and date of the data, and the model used as the parameters that may affect the model's performance. Using machine learning models to increase the model's predictive performance decreases the vagueness caused by subjective interpretation. This paper proposes an accurate expected goal model trained on a compiled dataset containing data from the FIFA World Cup 2018 and 2022, and the UEFA Champions League 2018-2022, with a total of 768,744 shots taken by the top players take when representing their country and club on the biggest stage. Moreover, this model is explained by using data visualisation tools to obtain an explainable expected goal representation for evaluating a team or player's performance. Moreover, these methods can be generalised to other sports.
Machine Learning Analyses Reveal Circadian Clock Features Predictive of Anxiety Among UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Ventresca Cole , Mohamed Wael , Russel William A. , Ay Ahmet , Ingram Krista K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mood disorders, including depression and anxiety, affect almost one-fifth of the world’s adult population and are becoming increasingly prevalent. Mutations in circadian clock genes have previously been associated with mood disorders both directly and indirectly through alterations in circadian phase, suggesting that the circadian clock influences multiple molecular pathways involved in mood. By targeting previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been implicated in anxiety and depressive disorders, we use a combination of statistical and machine learning techniques to investigate associations with anxiety (GAD-7) scores in a UK Biobank sample of 90,882 individuals. As in previous studies, we observed that females exhibited higher GAD-7 scores than males regardless of genotype. Interestingly, we found no significant effects on anxiety from individual circadian gene variants; only circadian genotypes with multiple SNP variants showed significant associations with anxiety. For both sexes, severe anxiety is associated with a 120-fold increase in odds for individuals with CRY2_AG(rs1083852)/ZBTB20_TT(rs1394593) genotypes and is associated with a near forty-fold reduction in odds for individuals with PER3A_CG(rs228697)/ZBTB20_TT(rs1394593) genotypes. We report several sex-specific associations with anxiety. CRY2/ZBTB20 and PER3A/ZBTB20 genotypic combinations were most strongly associated with anxiety in females with the CRY2_AG/ZBTB20_TT genotype associated with a > 200-fold increase in odds of anxiety in females. Mediation analysis revealed direct associations of CRY2/ZBTB20 variant genotypes with moderate anxiety in females and CRY1/PER3A variant genotypes with severe anxiety in males. The association of CRY1/PER3A variant genotypes with severe anxiety in females was partially mediated by extreme evening chronotype. Our results reinforce existing findings that females exhibit stronger anxiety outcomes than males, and provide evidence for circadian gene associations with anxiety, particularly in females. Our findings also implicate ZBTB20 (rs1394593) as a robust factor linking circadian variants to anxiety risk, suggesting that lower expression of this gene significantly modulates the odds of anxiety. Together, these observations provide novel links between the circadian clockwork and anxiety symptoms and identify potential molecular pathways through which clock genes may influence anxiety risk.
Coronary Vessel Segmentation in X-ray Angiography Images using Edge-based Tracking Method
Authors: Lalinia Mehrshad , Sahafi Ali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Automated extraction of coronary arteries is an essential process in the diagnosis of treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) with computer assistance. Accurately outlining the coronary artery is difficult when using X-ray coronary angiography (XCA) because of the low signal-to-noise ratio and the presence of interfering background structures. In this paper, a new approach for segmenting vessels in angiograms is presented, specifically designed to tackle the difficulties arising from non-uniform illumination, artifacts, and noise present in angiographic images. The proposed method employs an edge-based tracking tool to generate an initial probability map for segmentation. A segmentation method based on coronary vessel tracking is presented for finding the border and centerline of the vessel. The proposed method is designed based on two main components: preprocessing and tracking. In the preprocessing stage, a guided filter and edge-sharpening algorithms are used to enhance the features of the original image. In the tracking stage, an initial point is selected, and using the Gaussian property, a semi-circle operator is applied to track the line perpendicular to the vessel. The proposed method demonstrated remarkable performance in terms of sensitivity and specificity, achieving values of 86.93 and 99.61, respectively. Additionally, the method achieved an accuracy rate of 97.81. Notably, the proposed method outperformed existing state-of-the-art segmentation methods, as indicated by its higher dice score. These impressive results signify a significant advancement in the field of vessel segmentation, highlighting the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.
Gene Editing of ZmGA20ox3 improves plant architecture and drought tolerance in maize
Authors: Liu XiangGuo , Liu Yang , Chen Ziqi , Zhang Chuang , Guo Jia , Liu Qing , Yin Yuejia , Hu Yang , Xia Hanchao , Li Bingyang , Sun Xiaopeng , Li Yidan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Drought stress, a major plant abiotic stress, is capable of suppressing crop yield performance severely. However, the trade-off between crop drought tolerance and yield performance turns out to be significantly challenging in drought-resistant crop breeding. Several phytohormones (e.g., gibberellin (GA)) have been reported to play a certain role in plant drought response, which also take on critical significance in plant growth and development. In this study, the loss-of-function mutations of GA biosynthesis enzyme ZmGA20ox3 were produced using the CRISPR-Cas9 system in maize. As indicated by the result of two-year field trials, the above-mentioned mutants displayed semi-dwarfing phenotype with the decrease of GA1, and almost no yield loss was generated compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Interestingly, as revealed by the transcriptome analysis, differential expressed genes (DEGs) were notably enriched in abiotic stress progresses, and biochemical tests indicated the significantly increased ABA, JA, and DIMBOA levels in mutants, suggesting that ZmGA20ox3 may take on vital significance in stress response in maize. The in-depth analysis suggested that the loss function of ZmGA20ox3 can enhance drought tolerance in maize seedling, reduce Anthesis-Silking Interval (ASI) delay while decreasing the yield loss significantly in the field under drought conditions. The results of this study supported that regulating ZmGA20ox3 can improve plant height while enhancing drought resistance in maize, thus serving as a novel method for drought-resistant genetic improvement in maize.
PCR-based screening of pathogens and parasites in Bombus terrestris populations of Turkey
Authors: SEVIM ALI , Akpınar Rahşan , Öztürk Seyit Hasan , Yılmaz Fatih , Kayaboynu Ümit , Sevim Elif , Ese Hasan , Karataş Ümit , Buldağ Mücahit , Umur Şinasi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Bumblebees are an important group of insects in the pollination of various vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, legumes, and the fodder crops. Compared to honeybees, they have a wider choice of hosts and a longer flight period. These bees are used especially for the pollination of plants in greenhouses and are commercially produced for this purpose. Recently, serious decreases have been occurring in bumblebee populations due to various reasons such as pathogens and parasites, and some of species are even threatened with extinction. In this study, the presence of various pathogens and parasites was investigated by PCR in Turkish populations.
Methods
A total of 172 Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus,1758) samples (21 samples from commercial enterprises, 79 samples from greenhouses and 72 samples from nature) collected from three provinces (Antalya, Mersin and İzmir) where greenhouse cultivation is intensively carried out in Turkey. 89 of these samples were collected in the spring and 83 in the fall.
Results
The overall prevalence of Nosema bombi, Crithidia bombi, Apicyctis bombi and Locustacarus buchneri was determined as 7.55%, 9.3%, 11.62% and 4.65%, respectively. Co-infections (5.81%) were only detected in nature samples. C. bombi and A. bombi infections were detected at higher rates in the spring samples than the autumn samples (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The obtained results could be important in determining the spread rates of the bumblebee diseases in Turkey and in the control of these diseases. More studies are needed to determine the transmission pathways of these pathogens between the populations.
Analyzing the mediating effects between discrimination and depression: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Cooper Zach , Pitner Ronald , Ali Mohammed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Depression is pervasive and influences health. There is, however, a lack of understanding regarding the nuanced way racial discrimination influences depression within medical settings.
Objective
To increase understanding regarding the relationship between discrimination and depression, we analyzed the relationships between experiencing discrimination and depressive symptoms, whether anxiety and stress were mediators of this relationship, and whether self-esteem and racial identity moderated these relationships. Design: Stratified random sampling was used to identify 383 participants (228 White and 155 Black). Hayes’ PROCESS macro was utilized to analyze both the mediating and moderating influences of discrimination on depression.
Results
The overall model showed that discrimination, self-esteem, racial identity, anxiety, and perceived stress accounted for 57% of the variance in depressive symptoms. There was a significant direct association between experiences of discrimination with depressive symptoms (B = .21, p > .01). Both anxiety (B = .24, p < .01) and perceived stress (B = .53, P < .01) were also associated with depressive symptoms. Self- Esteem appeared to moderate the relationship between discrimination and both anxiety (B = − .60, P < .01) and perceived stress (B = − .55, p < .01).
Conclusions
These data suggest that, in the presence of depressive symptoms, clinicians should consider screening for discrimination, stress, and anxiety. In addition, interventions emphasizing self-esteem may mitigate the influence of discrimination, stress, and anxiety.
Offspring-sex modifies the association between early-pregnancy adiposity and 2-year-old total physical activity – The Glowing Study
Authors: Diaz Eva , Williams David , Howe E , Børsheim Elisabet , Andres Aline 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Rodent models suggest that in utero exposure to under and overnutrition programs offspring physical activity (PA) behaviors. Such nexus has not been established in humans. This study evaluated the association of early pregnancy maternal adiposity with offspring PA at age 2 years (2-yo-PA) taking into consideration prenatal and postnatal factors.
Methods:
Women (n=153) were enrolled early in pregnancy (<10 weeks). At enrollment, maternal adiposity [air displacement plethysmography, fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2)] and PA (accelerometers, activity counts) were measured, and age, race, and education self-reported. Gestational weight gain was measured at the research facility. Offspring birthweight and sex were self-reported. At age 2 years, parental feeding practices (child feeding questionnaire) were assessed, whereas anthropometrics (length and weight) and physical activity (accelerometers) were objectively measured. Offspring body mass index z-scores were calculated. Generalized linear regression analysis modeled the association of maternal FMI and 2-yo-PA [average activity counts (AC)4/day].
Results: There was an interaction between maternal FMI and offspring sex in association with 2-yo-PA (β= -1.03, p= 0.030). Specifically, 2-yo-PA was lower in girls compared to boys when maternal FMI was ≥7 kg/m2. Maternal PA early in pregnancy positively associated with 2-yo-PA (β= 0.21, p= 0.005). In addition, children born to women with college education tended to be more active compared to children born to women without college education (β= 3.46, p= 0.059).
Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism was observed in the associations of maternal adiposity with 2-yo-PA, with girls being less active compared to boys only when maternal FMI was ≥7 kg/m2.
Phase Diagram Calculation, Microstructure, and Wear Resistance of Al0.8CrFeCoNiCu0.5Si0.5 High Entropy Alloy
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Li Yanzhou , Cao Zhanyi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Al0.8CrFeCoNiCu0.5Si0.5 high-entropy alloy was synthesized using the vacuum arc melting method, and its microstructure and properties were analyzed. The equilibrium solidification phase diagram of the alloy was calculated using Thermo-Calc software. The alloy consisted of BCC1, BCC2, and Cr3Si phases, consistent with the calculation results of the phase diagram. The microstructure of the alloy was dendritic, with secondary dendritic arms. The interdendritic structure was rich in the Al-Ni phase, and the dendritic structure was rich in the Fe-Cr-Si phase. The distribution of Co and Cu was relatively uniform. The cooling condition of the alloy was found to be an essential factor affecting the formation of the Cr3Si phase, according to the phase diagram calculation results and solid-state nucleation theory. The hardness of the alloy was measured to be 578 HV0.2, and the wear rate was 3.27×10-7mm3/Nm. The wear mechanism was abrasive wear. The analysis of the microstructure and properties of the Al0.8CrFeCoNiCu0.5Si0.5 high-entropy alloy suggests that it has potential applications in industries that require high hardness and resistance to wear.
Cuproptosis-related gene signatures and immunological characterization in sepsis- associated acute lung injury
Authors: Zhu Mingyu , Tang Xiaokai , Xu Jingjing , Gong Yuanqi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Sepsis is a common cause of acute lung injury (ALI), often accompanied by immune disorders and a high mortality rate. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that participates in the progression of various diseases. There is no information on the role of cuproptosis in sepsis-associated ALI. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used for a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional changes and role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in sepsis-associated ALI. Gene enrichment analysis, the WGCNA and CIBERSORT algorithms, and consensus clustering were used to explore the relationships between CRGs and immune cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We found that fourteen CRGs that showed significant differences in expression between sepsis-associated ALI and healthy controls. Two different CRG subtypes were identified. The scores of the CRG and gene clusters were consistent, and the expression of immune-related factors in the two clusters was similar. Infiltration of immune cells differed between the subgroups, indicating an association between the subgroups and immune cell. A CRG-scoring model was constructed, and was effective in predicting the incidence of sepsis-associated ALI through the expression of CRGs. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of CRGs in the sepsis-associated ALI cell model was similar to that seen in CRG cluster B. CRGs were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence, immune characteristics, and biological processes of sepsis-associated ALI. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying sepsis-associated ALI.
SIGNET: Transcriptome-wide Causal Inference for Gene Regulatory Networks
Authors: Zhang Dabao , Jiang Zhongli , Chen Chen , Xu Zhenyu , Wang Xiaojian , Zhang Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Gene regulation plays an important role in understanding the mechanisms of human biology and diseases. However, inferring causal relationships between all genes is challenging due to the large number of genes in the transcriptome. Here, we present SIGNET (Statistical Inference on Gene Regulatory Networks), a flexible software package that reveals networks of causal regulation between genes built upon large-scale transcriptomic and genotypic data at the population level. Like Mendelian randomization, SIGNET uses genotypic variants as natural instrumental variables to establish such causal relationships but constructs a transcriptome-wide gene regulatory network with high confidence. SIGNET makes such a computationally heavy task feasible by deploying a well-designed statistical algorithm over a parallel computing environment. It also provides a user-friendly interface allowing for parameter tuning, efficient parallel computing scheduling, interactive network visualization, and confirmatory results retrieval. The Open source SIGNET software is freely available (https://www.zstats.org/signet/).