bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the education of paediatric nurses: A positive step towards achieving sustainable development goals
Authors: Nkurunziza Aimable , Katende Godfrey , Uwimana Philomene , Moreland Patricia J. , Rosa William E. , Umwangange Marie Louise , Kayiranga Dieudonne , Rugema Joselyne , Mukeshimana Madeleine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this discursive paper was to describe and expound on how paediatric nurses will be able to address the needs of children and adolescents through the lens of selected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Rwanda.DesignA discursive analysis of SDGs relating to the roles of paediatric nurses in the context of Rwanda.MethodsA discursive method using SDGs as a guiding framework is used in this paper. We drew on our own experiences and supported them with the available literature.ResultsA collection of contextually relevant examples of how paediatric nurses will be able to address the needs of children and adolescents through the lens of selected SDGs in Rwanda was discussed. The selected SDGs expounded on were: no poverty, good health and well‐being, quality of education, decent work and economic growth, reduced inequalities, and partnerships for the goals.ConclusionsThere is no doubt that the paediatric nurses in Rwanda play undeniable key roles in attaining SDGs and their targets. Thus, there is a need to train more paediatric nurses with the support of the interdisciplinary partners. Collaboratively, this is possible in the bid to ensure equitable and accessible care to the current and future generations.Public contributionThis discursive paper is intended to inform the different stakeholders in nursing practice, research, education and policy to support and invest in the advanced education of paediatric nurses for attainment of the SDGs.
A phenomenological study of the beliefs of family caregivers of children living with HIV/AIDS on adherence to antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Yiryuo Lilian , Osman Wahab , Kpekura Stephen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the beliefs of family caregivers on adherence to Anti‐Retroviral Therapy (ART) among children living with HIV/AIDS that received care at St. Joseph's Hospital, Jirapa, Ghana.DesignA qualitative phenomenological design was employed for this study.MethodData was gathered using a semi‐structured in‐depth interview guide from 13 family caregivers of children with HIV/AIDS on ART. Analysis was done using the reflexive thematic analysis approach.ResultsThree major themes were generated during the analysis: “Beliefs regarding the effectiveness of ART”; “Beliefs regarding taking ART”; and “Beliefs regarding other treatments for HIV/AIDS”. Most caregivers believed that the ARTs were effective and improved their children's health, especially when adhered to strictly. Some, however, believed in praying to God for healing, and the use of local/herbal to augment ARTs.ConclusionFamily caregivers generally hold positive beliefs about ARTs and its effectiveness for their children. Some, however, believe in spirits, prayers, and herbal/local treatment in addition to ARTs.
Two‐level stabilized finite volume method for the stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations
Authors: Chu Xiaochen , Chen Chuanjun , Zhang Tong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a two‐level stabilized finite volume method is developed and analyzed for the steady incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. The linear polynomial space is used to approximate the velocity, pressure and magnetic fields, and two local Gauss integrations are introduced to overcome the restriction of discrete inf‐sup condition. Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the discrete problem in the stabilized finite volume method are proved by using the Brouwer's fixed point theorem. ‐stability results of numerical solutions are also presented. Secondly, optimal error estimates of numerical solutions in and ‐norms are established by using the energy method and constructing the corresponding dual problem. Thirdly, the stability and convergence of two‐level stabilized finite volume method for the stationary incompressible MHD equations are provided. Theoretical findings show that the two‐level method has the same accuracy as the one‐level method with the mesh sizes . Finally, some numerical results are provided to identify with the established theoretical findings and show the performances of the considered numerical schemes.
The international scandal of defective asparaginase: A blight on children with cancer
Authors: Barr Ronald D. , Furneaux Rosa , Margottini Laura , Eden Tim O. B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia is the commonest form of cancer in children and adolescents worldwide, and asparaginase is an essential component of successful chemotherapy for this disease associated with long‐term survival rates often exceeding 90% in high‐income countries. Demonstrably defective preparations of asparaginase, distributed from China and India, increase the burden of morbidity and mortality, reducing attainable survival rates. This adverse outcome is enabled by inadequate regulation and oversight, especially in resource‐poor settings in low‐ and middle‐income countries where the great majority of children and adolescents with cancer live. The pediatric oncology community must rise to the challenge.
Grinding performance study of CF/epoxy and CF/PEEK composites
Authors: Wen Zihang , Zhao Huan , Yan Xin , Peng Zeyu , Ding Han 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to distinguish the grinding performance of the thermoset and thermoplastic carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites, carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy resin (CF/epoxy) and carbon fiber‐reinforced poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone (CF/PEEK) composites were employed in this study. Different process parameters were set to grind the two materials. Then the surface morphologies and roughness of the workpieces with different process parameters were observed and measured. Experimental results indicated that the grinding forces were positively correlated with the grinding depth and feed speed, and negatively correlated with the wheel speed. The grinding depth was the main influencing factor of the maximum temperature of the grinding. The heat distribution of the grinding process was dependent on the fiber direction. In addition, the chip formation mechanism of CF/epoxy and CF/PEEK were investigated. Compared with CF/epoxy, the grinding forces and temperature were higher and the wheel was more prone to be clogged under the same grinding parameters, indicating that it was more difficult to process CF/PEEK. However, the surface quality of CF/PEEK with high ductility was much better than CF/epoxy.
Optimizing therapeutic decision‐making for off‐label medicines use: A scoping review and consensus recommendations for improving practice and research+
Authors: Gazarian Madlen , Horton Daniel B. , Carleton Bruce , Kinlaw Alan C. , Bushnell Greta A. , Czaja Angela S. , Durrieu Geneviève , Gorman Emily F. , Titievsky Lina , Zito Julie , Slaughter Jonathan L. , dosReis Susan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeOff‐label medicines use is a common and sometimes necessary practice in many populations, with important clinical, ethical and financial consequences, including potential unintended harm or lack of effectiveness. No internationally recognized guidelines exist to aid decision‐makers in applying research evidence to inform off‐label medicines use. We aimed to critically evaluate current evidence informing decision‐making for off‐label use and to develop consensus recommendations to improve future practice and research.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review to summarize the literature on available off‐label use guidance, including types, extent and scientific rigor of evidence incorporated. Findings informed the development of consensus recommendations by an international multidisciplinary Expert Panel using a modified Delphi process. Our target audience includes clinicians, patients and caregivers, researchers, regulators, sponsors, health technology assessment bodies, payers and policy makers.ResultsWe found 31 published guidance documents on therapeutic decision‐making for off‐label use. Of 20 guidances with general recommendations, only 35% detailed the types and quality of evidence needed and the processes for its evaluation to reach sound, ethical decisions about appropriate use. There was no globally recognized guidance. To optimize future therapeutic decision‐making, we recommend: (1) seeking rigorous scientific evidence; (2) utilizing diverse expertise in evidence evaluation and synthesis; (3) using rigorous processes to formulate recommendations for appropriate use; (4) linking off‐label use with timely conduct of clinically meaningful research (including real‐world evidence) to address knowledge gaps quickly; and (5) fostering partnerships between clinical decision‐makers, researchers, regulators, policy makers, and sponsors to facilitate cohesive implementation and evaluation of these recommendations.ConclusionsWe provide comprehensive consensus recommendations to optimize therapeutic decision‐making for off‐label medicines use and concurrently drive clinically relevant research. Successful implementation requires appropriate funding and infrastructure support to engage necessary stakeholders and foster relevant partnerships, representing significant challenges that policy makers must urgently address.
A methodology to assess the population size and estimate the needed resources for new licensed medications by combining clinical and administrative databases: The example of glycated haemoglobin in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lapi Francesco , Bianchini Elisa , Marconi Ettore , Medea Gerardo , Piccinni Carlo , Maggioni Aldo P. , Dondi Letizia , Pedrini Antonella , Martini Nello , Cricelli Claudio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop and validate a model to estimate glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a clinical data source, with the aim to apply this equation to administrative databases.MethodsUsing a primary care and administrative Italian databases, namely the Health Search database (HSD) and the ReS (Ricerca e Salute) database, we selected all patients aged 18 years or older on 31 December 2018 being diagnosed with T2DM and without prior prescription of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors. We included patients prescribed with and adherent to metformin. HSD was used to develop and test (using 2019 data as well) the algorithm imputing HbA1c values ≥7% according to a series of covariates. The algorithm was gathered by combining beta‐coefficients being estimated by logistic regression models using complete case (excluding missing values) and imputed (after multiple imputation) dataset. The final algorithm was applied to ReS database using the same covariates.ResultsThe tested algorithms were able to explain 17%–18% variation in assessing HbA1c values. Good discrimination (70%) and calibration were obtained as well. The best algorithm (three) cut‐offs, namely those providing correct classifications ranging 66%–70% was therefore calculated and applied to ReS database. By doing so, from 52 999 (27.9, 95% CI: 27.7%–28.1%) to 74 250 (40.1%, 95% CI: 38.9%–39.3%) patients were estimated with HbA1c ≥7%.ConclusionThrough this methodology, healthcare authorities should be able to quantify the population eligible to a new licensed medication, such as SGLT‐2 inhibitors, and to simulate scenarios to assess reimbursement criteria according to precise estimates.
Enhanced antibacterial activity of composite fibers from polylactic acid and nanosilver‐coated ground tea leaves for sustainable green composite textiles
Authors: Sukthavorn Kankavee , Nootsuwan Nollapan , Veranitisagul Chatchai , Laobuthee Apirat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to create an environmentally friendly composite textile with enhanced antibacterial properties using polylactic acid (PLA) and nanosilver‐coated ground tea leaves (Ag/GTL). The green coating process was applied to produce the Ag/GTL, which was further used as an additive in the PLA matrix. Composite fiber showed a light green color and a slightly rough surface. The thermal properties tended to decrease with increasing masterbatch content, while the crystallinity was significantly increased. The mechanical test demonstrated the composite fibers trend toward decreased tenacity and higher elongation at break. PLA‐3, which has good spinnability and acceptable mechanical properties, was used to prepare the composite fabric. Moreover, the Ag/GTL additive also enhanced the antibacterial activity of composite fabric, especially Staphylococcus aureus as the gram‐positive bacteria and Escherichia coli as the gram‐negative bacteria, by up to 99%. In addition, composite fibers exhibiting engine oil sorption were expected to be applied in oil spill cleanup applications.
A robust and fluorescent nanocomposite hydrogel with an interpenetrating polymer network based on graphene quantum dots
Authors: Du Juan , Zhu Wenli , She Xiaohong , Yu Qiyu , Yang Qiaoling , Zhang Dan , Chen Jian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, a robust and fluorescent nanocomposite hydrogel polyvinyl alcohol/poly(N‐methylol acrylamide)/graphene quantum dots (PVA/PNMA/GQDs) with interpenetrating polymer network was made‐up by in‐situ radical polymerization and freeze–thaw method simultaneously. Because of GQDs trapped within the gel matrix as a result of the potent hydrogen bonds generated among PVA, PNMA, and GQDs, the nanocomposite hydrogel with an interpenetrating polymer network displayed strong fluorescence and enhanced mechanical properties. The obtained nanocomposite hydrogel could emit stable bright blue fluorescence at 365 nm radiation. Moreover, the obtained nanocomposite hydrogels were selective to Fe3+ ions and demonstrated a rapid and consistent response to Fe3+ ions ranging from 20 to 120 μmol/L. Meanwhile, the PVA/PNMA/GQDs hydrogel showed excellent mechanical properties. The compressive strength and strain of the nanocomposite hydrogel were 20.39 MPa and 94.53%, respectively. The tensile fracture strength was 303.06 kPa and the corresponding fracture strain was 198%. Additionally, the gel also possessed extreme fatigue resistance and could tolerate repeated compression without cracking. Therefore, these robust and fluorescent nanocomposite hydrogels have potential applications in flexible sensors for certain metal ions detection and information storage.
An empirical study about the impact of project‐based learning on reading literacy of primary students in a blended learning environment
Authors: Zhang Wenlan , Lu Meixing , Yang Panpan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractReading literacy is the core component of Chinese literacy and the basic ability needed in students' personal development. From the experience of international curriculum and teaching reform, project‐based learning is an important way to train students' core literacy. In this context, this paper explores the impact of project‐based learning on reading literacy of primary school students in blended learning environment by adopting a mixed‐method design. The results show that, compared with traditional teaching, project‐based learning is more conducive to promoting primary students' reading behavior and attitude, improving their reading level and reading comprehension ability with two reading purposes. This finding provides empirical evidence and practical guidance for Chinese teachers in primary schools when implementing project‐based learning.
Modeling of extrusion through a Garvey die: Cost and performance
Authors: Stradi‐Granados Benito A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModeling of complex systems requires large and expensive computational systems. Costs and processing time can be reduced by more than half in a well‐managed cloud environment. Modeling the flow of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) through a Garvey die was achieved by employing the latest cloud computer technology commercially available at a modest cost. The description of the stress–strain behavior for EPDM was done using the Otswald‐de Waele model. The results demonstrate that at higher velocities, the flow lines do not follow a smooth profile upon exiting the die, which indicates instabilities that may affect on the finished surface. Prediction of extrudate flow instabilities gives a computational option to make an initial estimate of permissible extrusion speeds.
Exploring the inhibition of the soluble lytic transglycosylase Cj0843c of Campylobacter jejuni via targeting different sites with different scaffolds
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Boorman Jacob , Greenlee William J. , Zeng Ximin , Lin Jun , van den Akker Focco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBacterial lytic transglycosylases (LTs) contribute to peptidoglycan cell wall metabolism and are potential drug targets to potentiate β‐lactam antibiotics to overcome antibiotic resistance. Since LT inhibitor development is underexplored, we probed 15 N‐acetyl‐containing heterocycles in a structure‐guided fashion for their ability to inhibit and bind to the Campylobacter jejuni LT Cj0843c. Ten GlcNAc analogs were synthesized with substitutions at the C1 position, with two having an additional modification at the C4 or C6 position. Most of the compounds showed weak inhibition of Cj0843c activity. Compounds with alterations at the C4 position, replacing the ‐OH with a ‐NH2, and C6 position, the addition of a ‐CH3, yielded improved inhibitory efficacy. All 10 GlcNAc analogs were crystallographically analyzed via soaking experiments using Cj0843c crystals and found to bind to the +1 +2 saccharide subsites with one of them additionally binding to the −2 −1 subsite region. We also probed other N‐acetyl‐containing heterocycles and found that sialidase inhibitors N‐acetyl‐2,3‐dehydro‐2‐deoxyneuraminic acid and siastatin B inhibited Cj0843c weakly and crystallographically bound to the −2 −1 subsites. Analogs of the former also showed inhibition and crystallographic binding and included zanamivir amine. This latter set of heterocycles positioned their N‐acetyl group in the −2 subsite with additional moieties interacting in the −1 subsite. Overall, these results could provide novel opportunities for LT inhibition via exploring different subsites and novel scaffolds. The results also increased our mechanistic understanding of Cj0843c regarding peptidoglycan GlcNAc subsite binding preferences and ligand‐dependent modulation of the protonation state of the catalytic E390.
Annexin A1, A2, A5, and A6 involvement in human pathologies
Authors: de Souza Ferreira Luiz Philipe , da Silva Rafael André , Gil Cristiane D. , Geisow Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe human genome codes for 12 annexins with highly homologous membrane‐binding cores and unique amino termini, which endow each protein with its specific biological properties. Not unique to vertebrate biology, multiple annexin orthologs are present in almost all eukaryotes. Their ability to combine either dynamically or constitutively with membrane lipid bilayers is hypothetically the key property that has led to their retention and multiple adaptation in eukaryotic molecular cell biology. Annexin genes are differentially expressed in many cell types but their disparate functions are still being discovered after more than 40 years of international research. A picture is emerging from gene knock down and knock out studies of individual annexins that these are important supporters rather than critical players in organism development and normal cell and tissue function. However, they appear to be highly significant “early responders” toward challenges arising from cell and tissue abiotic or biotic stress. In humans, recent focus has been on involvement of the annexin family for its involvement in diverse pathologies, especially cancer. From what has become an exceedingly broad field of investigation, we have selected four annexins in particular: AnxA1, 2, 5, and 6. Present both within and external to cells, these annexins are currently under intensive investigation in translational research as biomarkers of cellular dysfunction and as potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory conditions, neoplasia, and tissue repair. Annexin expression and release in response to biotic stress appears to be a balancing act. Under‐ or over‐expression in different circumstances appears to damage rather than restore a healthy homeostasis. This review reflects briefly on what is already known of the structures and molecular cell biology of these selected annexins and considers their actual and potential roles in human health and disease.
A high adhesion co‐assembly based on myclobutanil and tannic acid for sustainable plant disease management
Authors: Li Xuan , Zhou Zhiyuan , Huang Yuqi , Tang Gang , Liu Yulu , Chen Xi , Yan Guangyao , Wang Huachen , Zhang Xiaohong , Wang Jialu , Cao Yongsong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPesticides are irreplaceable inputs for protecting crops from pests and improving crop yield and quality. Self‐assembly nanotechnology is a promising strategy by which to develop novel nano‐formulations for pesticides. Nano‐formulations improve the effective utilization of pesticides and reduce risks to the environment because of their eco‐friendly preparation, high drug loading, and desirable physicochemical properties. Here, to enhance the utilization efficiency of myclobutanil (MYC) and develop a novel nano‐formulation, carrier‐free co‐assembled nanoparticles (MT NPs) based on MYC and tannic acid (TA) were prepared by noncovalent molecular interactions using a green preparation process without any additives.ResultsThe results showed that the prepared spherical nanoparticles had good stability in neutral and acidic aqueous solutions, low surface tension (40.53 mN m−1), high rainfastness, and good maximum retention values on plant leaves. Release of active ingredients from MT NPs could be regulated by altering the molar ratio of subassemblies in the co‐assembly and the pH of the environment. Antifungal experiments demonstrated that MT NPs had better activities against Alternaria alternata and Fusarium graminearum [half‐maximal effective concentration (EC50) = 6.40 and 77.08 mg/L] compared with free MYC (EC50 = 11.46 and 124.82 mg/L), TA (EC50 = 251.19 and 503.81 mg/L), and an MYC + TA mixture (EC50 = 9.62 and 136.21 mg/L). These results suggested that MYC and TA incorporated in the co‐assembled nanoparticles had a synergistic antifungal activity. The results of a genotoxicity assessment indicated that MT NPs could reduce the genotoxicity of MYC to plant cells.ConclusionCo‐assembled MT NPs with synergistic antifungal activity have outstanding potential for the management of plant diseases. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Migration up and down the urban hierarchy: The mediating effects of geographic mobility on migrants' homeownership
Authors: Mu Xueying , Cui Can , Cui Junru 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the past two decades, migrants' homeownership has received increasing attention, as migrants have become increasingly heterogeneous in terms of socio‐economic status and choice of the destination city. However, how migrants move across the urban hierarchy and thereby affect their housing consumption has received scant attention. Using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this study examines the relationship between migrants' socio‐economic status and their geographic mobility along the urban hierarchy, as well as the impacts on their housing outcomes in the destination city. Employing generalised structural equation modelling, the results show that migrants with higher education levels and higher family income are more likely to make an upward movement, through which they accumulated their capital and advantages to overcome difficulties and settle in the destination. However, the steeper they climb along the urban hierarchy, the less likely they could own a home in the destination city. This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the divergence in migrants' geographic mobility and its importance in understanding the variegated housing outcomes among the migration population.