bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing and Optimizing the Dialectical Relationship Between NOR and OER: Cation Vacancy Engineering Enables RuO2 With Unanticipated High Electrochemical Nitrogen Oxidation Performance
Authors: Xu Fanfan , Liu Xia , Zhang Linlin , Guo Mingxia , Li Mingzhu , Ding Xin , Zhang Lixue 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical N2 oxidation reaction (NOR) using water and atmospheric N2 represents a sustainable approach to nitric acid production; while, the parasitic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) usually results in poor conversion selectivity of N2 oxidation. Although the side‐reaction can be partially suppressed by using OER‐inactive catalysts or substrates, the optimized performance is usually obtained at the cost of low yield. Revealing the internal relationship between NOR and OER, providing an effective pathway to optimize the dialectical relationship between OER and NOR is desirable and of socio‐economic significance. Herein, RuO2, the well‐known OER electrocatalyst, is defectively engineered to enhance the cooperation rather than competition between NOR and OER; a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 6.70% at 1.36 V and a maximum yield of 767.92 µg h−1 mgcat−1 at 1.44 V are obtained on D‐RuO2 in acid electrolyte, superior to all the previously reported works. Experiments and DFT calculations suggest that the OER intermediates play a crucial role and the real rate‐determining step during nitrogen oxidation is the transition from *O to *OOH involved in the formation of *NN(OH). The outstanding NOR activity is ascribed to the enhanced stabilization of *OH and the promotion of OO bond breakage in the rate determining step of *NN(OH) formation.
Electron‐Driven Nitration of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Authors: Patra Subrata , Mosiagin Ivan , Giri Rahul , Nauser Thomas , Katayev Dmitry 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, we introduce an electrochemically assisted generation of nitryl radicals from ferric nitrate under mild reaction conditions using a simple setup with inexpensive graphite and stainless‐steel electrodes. The mechanism of the reaction is supported by detailed spectroscopic and experimental studies. Powered by electricity and driven by electrons, the synthetic diversity of this reaction has been demonstrated through the development of highly efficient nitration protocols of various unsaturated hydrocarbons. In addition to a broad application area, these protocols are easy to scale for decagram quantities, and exhibit exceptional substrate generality and functional‐group compatibility.
Northern Europe's suitability for offshore European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) habitat restoration: A mechanistic niche modelling approach
Authors: Stechele Brecht , Hughes Anna , Degraer Steven , Bossier Peter , Nevejan Nancy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

After centuries of overexploitation, European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) habitats are increasingly being protected and large‐scale oyster habitat restoration projects have been initiated in the North Sea, the English Channel, the Irish Sea and the north‐eastern Atlantic.
Understanding the habitat requirements of flat oysters is key in the selection process of restoration sites.
In this study, a theoretical niche for all life stages of the flat oyster is determined using a dynamic energy budget model forced with temperature, chlorophyll a and salinity in combination with sediment composition. The suitability of Northern Europe's marine environment for flat oysters is evaluated by applying the proposed niche model on a spatial scale and evaluating spatio‐temporal variability in life history traits and metabolic characteristics, such as fitness, reproductive output, settlement success and growth.
Results show that habitat suitability is limited by low maximum summer temperature and low food availability at higher latitudes and in areas under strong influence of the Atlantic Ocean. Restoration efforts in Ireland and Scotland should be confined to protected and shallow coastal environments. Suitability in the southern North Sea is patchy and mainly depends on seabed substrate. The nearshore areas of the English Channel are highly suitable.
The georeferenced dataset shared in this study will be useful for restoration practitioners.
The Type I Interferon Signature Reflects Multiple Phenotypic and Activity Measures in Dermatomyositis
Authors: Tabata Mika M. , Hodgkinson Luqman Mushila , Wu Tiffany T. , Li Shufeng , Huard Christine , Zhao Shanrong , Bennett Donald , Johnson Jillian , Tierney Cassandra , He Wen , Buhlmann Janet E. , Page Karen M. , Johnson Kristen , Casciola‐Rosen Livia , Chung Lorinda , Sarin Kavita Y. , Fiorentino David 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe type 1 interferon (IFN) pathway is up‐regulated in dermatomyositis (DM). We sought to define how organ‐specific disease activity as well as autoantibodies and other clinical factors are independently associated with systemic type I IFN activity in adult patients with DM.MethodsRNA sequencing was performed on 355 whole blood samples collected from 202 well‐phenotyped DM patients followed up during the course of their clinical care. A previously defined 13‐gene type I IFN score was modeled as a function of demographic, serologic, and clinical variables using both cross‐sectional and longitudinal data.ResultsThe pattern of type I IFN–driven transcriptional response was stereotyped across samples with a sequential modular activation pattern strikingly similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. The median type I IFN score was higher or lower in patients with anti–melanoma differentiation–associated protein 5 (anti–MDA‐5) or anti–Mi‐2 antibodies, respectively, compared to patients without these antibodies. Absolute type I IFN score was independently associated with muscle and skin disease activity, interstitial lung disease, and anti–MDA‐5 antibodies. Changes in the type I IFN score over time were significantly associated with changes in skin or muscle disease activity. Stratified analysis accounting for heterogeneity in organ involvement and antibody class revealed high correlation between changes in the type I IFN score and skin disease activity (Spearman's ρ = 0.84–0.95).ConclusionThe type I IFN score is independently associated with skin and muscle disease activity as well as certain clinical and serologic features in DM. Accounting for the effect of muscle disease and anti–MDA‐5 status revealed that the type I IFN score is strongly correlated with skin disease activity, providing support for type I IFN blockade as a therapeutic strategy for DM.image
Lowering of Circulating Sclerostin May Increase Risk of Atherosclerosis and Its Risk Factors: Evidence From a Genome‐Wide Association Meta‐Analysis Followed by Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Zheng Jie , Wheeler Eleanor , Pietzner Maik , Andlauer Till F. M. , Yau Michelle S. , Hartley April E. , Brumpton Ben Michael , Rasheed Humaira , Kemp John P. , Frysz Monika , Robinson Jamie , Reppe Sjur , Prijatelj Vid , Gautvik Kaare M. , Falk Louise , Maerz Winfried , Gergei Ingrid , Peyser Patricia A. , Kavousi Maryam , de Vries Paul S. , Miller Clint L. , Bos Maxime , van der Laan Sander W. , Malhotra Rajeev , Herrmann Markus , Scharnagl Hubert , Kleber Marcus , Dedoussis George , Zeggini Eleftheria , Nethander Maria , Ohlsson Claes , Lorentzon Mattias , Wareham Nick , Langenberg Claudia , Holmes Michael V. , Davey Smith George , Tobias Jonathan H. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to establish the causal effects of lowering sclerostin, target of the antiosteoporosis drug romosozumab, on atherosclerosis and its risk factors.MethodsA genome‐wide association study meta‐analysis was performed of circulating sclerostin levels in 33,961 European individuals. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to predict the causal effects of sclerostin lowering on 15 atherosclerosis‐related diseases and risk factors.ResultsWe found that 18 conditionally independent variants were associated with circulating sclerostin. Of these, 1 cis signal in SOST and 3 trans signals in B4GALNT3, RIN3, and SERPINA1 regions showed directionally opposite signals for sclerostin levels and estimated bone mineral density. Variants with these 4 regions were selected as genetic instruments. MR using 5 correlated cis‐SNPs suggested that lower sclerostin increased the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (odds ratio [OR] 1.32 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.03–1.69]) and myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.01–1.79]); sclerostin lowering was also suggested to increase the extent of coronary artery calcification (CAC) (β = 0.24 [95% CI 0.02–0.45]). MR using both cis and trans instruments suggested that lower sclerostin increased hypertension risk (OR 1.09 [95% CI 1.04–1.15]), but otherwise had attenuated effects.ConclusionThis study provides genetic evidence to suggest that lower levels of sclerostin may increase the risk of hypertension, type 2 DM, MI, and the extent of CAC. Taken together, these findings underscore the requirement for strategies to mitigate potential adverse effects of romosozumab treatment on atherosclerosis and its related risk factors.image
Mechanochemical synthesis and interfacial engineering of photothermal polymer composites for solar‐driven water evaporation
Authors: Kim Jihyo , Lee Dongjun , Cho Wansu , Yang Beomjoo , Jung Jongwon , Park Chiyoung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFreshwater generation has been extensively studied to address the global freshwater scarcity issue, although designing a simple, inexpensive system with high efficiency and sustainability is complicated. Solar‐driven water evaporation is a promising, highly efficient water purification strategy. This paper reports the synthesis of a hydrophilic conductive polymer and its carbon nanotube (CNT) composites for efficient solar‐driven water evaporation via a quick mechanochemical process. Doped polydiphenylamine (PD) and its CNT composites were obtained by the simple grinding of an inexpensive eutectic‐phase monomer with oxidants, doping agents, and oxidized CNTs. The obtained composites exhibited high photothermal efficiency (89.9%) and water evaporation rate (1.41 kg m−2 h−1) under 1 sun irradiation. Dual doping and introducing oxidized CNTs into PD enhanced the wettability, photothermal efficiency, and water evaporation performance. This study provides an effective strategy for the fast and facile fabrication of photothermal membranes for solar‐driven freshwater generation.
Association between gut permeability, brain volume, and cognition in healthy participants and patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder
Authors: Scheurink Toon Anton Willem , Borkent Jenny , Gangadin Shiral S. , El Aidy Sahar , Mandl Rene , Sommer Iris E. C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe barrier function of the gut is important for many organs and systems, including the brain. If gut permeability increases, bacterial fragments may enter the circulation, giving rise to increased systemic inflammation. Increases in bacterial translocation are reflected in higher values of blood markers, including lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14). Some pioneer studies showed a negative association between bacterial translocation markers and brain volumes, but this association remains scarcely investigated. We investigate the effect of bacterial translocation on brain volumes and cognition in both healthy controls and patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD).Materials and methodsHealthy controls (n = 39) and SSD patients (n = 72) underwent an MRI‐scan, venipuncture and cognition assessments. We investigated associations between LBP and sCD14 and brain volumes (intracranial volume, total brain volume, and hippocampal volume) using linear regression. We then associated LBP and sCD14 to cognitive function using a mediation analysis, with intracranial volume as mediator.ResultsHealthy controls showed a negative association between hippocampal volume and LBP (b = –0.11, p = .04), and intracranial volume and sCD14 (b = –0.25, p = .07). Both markers were indirectly associated with lower cognitive functioning in healthy controls (LBP: b = –0.071, p = .028; sCD14: b = –0.213, p = .052), mediated by low intracranial volume. In the SSD patients, these associations were markedly less present.ConclusionThese findings extend earlier studies suggesting that increased bacterial translocation may negatively affect brain volume, which indirectly impacts cognition, even in this young healthy group. If replicated, this finding stresses the importance of a healthy gut for the development and optimal functioning of the brain. Absence of these associations in the SSD group may indicate that other factors such as allostatic load, chronic medication use and interrupted educational carrier had larger impact and attenuated the relative contribution of bacterial translocation.
Green innovation ecosystem and water performance in the food service industry: The effects of environmental management controls and digitalization
Authors: Rosa Fabricia S. , Compagnucci Lorenzo , Lunkes Rogerio J. , Monteiro Januário J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on the theory of innovation ecosystems (IEs) and the literature on environmental management controls (EMCs), this study examines the effects of green innovation ecosystems (GIEs), EMCs, and digitalization on the water performance of firms in the food service industry (FSI). In this context, the moderating role of technology sensing/response (TSR) is explored. Surveying 245 managers in large Brazilian restaurants, the hypotheses are tested through partial least squares structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that the GIE positively influences digitalization and the use of both diagnostic and interactive EMCs. Additionally, the results demonstrate not only that interactive EMCs improve water performance but also that a high level of TSR increases the impact of diagnostic EMCs on water performance. This study therefore advances the literature by illustrating how cooperation between FSI firms and multiagents provides competences and resources that facilitate the implementation of digital tools and EMCs to achieve sustainability outcomes.
Differences in DNA damage repair gene mutations between left‐ and right‐sided colorectal cancer
Authors: Huang Wei , Li Wenliang , Xu Ning , Li Hui , Zhang Zihan , Zhang Xiaolong , He Tingting , Yao Jicheng , Xu Mian , He Qingqing , Guo Lijie , Zhang Sen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Studies have shown that the DNA damage response (DDR) mutation is strongly associated with microsatellite instability (MSI) status and is an indication for patients with CRCs receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. However, DDR mutation in microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC remains unclear.MethodsIn this study, Fisher's exact test, Student'st‐test, Wilcoxon rank‐sum test and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed, and a p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe most common gene alterations were APC (77%), TP53 (73%), KRAS (48%), and PIK3CA (25%). The mutationfrequency of APC and TP53 in left‐sided CRC was significantly higher than that for right‐sided CRC, while the mutation frequency of PIK3CA, ACVR2A, FAT4, and RNF43 in right‐sided CRC was significantly higher than that for left‐sided CRC. DDR mutations occurred in100% of MSI CRCs and in 83.77% of MSS CRCs, with the most frequently mutated DDR genes being ARID1A (7.5%), ATM (5.7%,) and BRCA2 (2.6%). When right‐ and left‐sided CRCs were compared, no significant difference was observed for DDR genes and pathways. A survival analysis indicated that the DDR mutation was not associated with overall survival (OS) in MSS CRCs, while left‐sided patients with homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway mutations had a significantly prolonged OS compared with right‐sided CRCs.ConclusionsHere, we found that stage and grade were statistically significant independent prognostic factors in the left‐sided CRC and the right‐sided CRC, recommending treatment for these patients stratified by stage. For the future, utilizing DDR gene defects for expanding treatment options and improving prognosis is an issue worth exploring.
Enzyme Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Asparagus officinalis L. and Analysis of Its Phytochemical Content by LC/MS/MS
Authors: Çomaklı Veysel , Sağlamtaş Rüya , Kuzu Müslüm , Karagöz Yalçın , Aydın Tuba , Demirdağ Ramazan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the study, water, ethanol, methanol, dichloromethane, and acetone extracts of Asparagus officinalis L. were obtained by maceration. DPPH⋅, ABTS⋅+, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods determined the antioxidant capacities of all extracts. Moreover, the in vitro effects of extracts on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase (CA)‐I, CA‐II and α‐Glycosidase were investigated. At a 10 μg/ml concentration, the extract with the highest Fe3+ reduction capacity was ethanol (AE), and the extract with the highest Cu2+ reduction capacity was acetone (AA). AE for AChE (IC50=21.19 μg/ml) and α‐Glycosidase (IC50: 70.00 μg/ml), methanol (AM) for BChE (IC50=17.33 μg/ml), CA−I and II (IC50=79.65 and 36.09 μg/ml, respectively) showed the most potent inhibition effect. The content analysis of acetone extract was performed with LC/MS‐MS, the first three phytochemicals found most were p‐Coumaric acid, rutin, and 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (284.29±3.97, 135.39±8.19, and 102.06±5.51 μg analyte/g extract, respectively).
Synthetic Approaches of Epoxysuccinate Chemical Probes
Authors: Nicolau Ioana , Hădade Niculina D. , Matache Mihaela , Funeriu Daniel P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSynthetic chemical probes are powerful tools for investigating biological processes. They are particularly useful for proteomic studies such as activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP). These chemical methods initially used mimics of natural substrates. As the techniques gained prominence, more and more elaborate chemical probes with increased specificity towards given enzyme/protein families and amenability to various reaction conditions were used. Among the chemical probes, peptidyl‐epoxysuccinates represent one of the first types of compounds used to investigate the activity of the cysteine protease papain‐like family of enzymes. Structurally derived from the natural substrate, a wide body of inhibitors and activity‐ or affinity‐based probes bearing the electrophilic oxirane unit for covalent labeling of active enzymes now exists. Herein, we review the literature regarding the synthetic approaches to epoxysuccinate‐based chemical probes together with their reported applications, from biological chemistry and inhibition studies to supramolecular chemistry and the formation of protein arrays.
Belly dancer syndrome improved by withdrawal of droxidopa and amantadine
Authors: Kaga Mihiro , Ueda Hiroyoshi , Sunagawa Chika , Oe Masashi , Shima Atsushi , Matsukawa Nobuyasu , Ueda Takeshi 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageA man hospitalized for cerebral infarction developed drug‐induced belly dancer syndrome, which improved after withdrawal of droxidopa and amantadine. Drugs that modulate dopamine neurotransmission have been reported to be associated with this syndrome. When belly dancer syndrome is suspected, clinicians should consider drug‐induced abdominal dyskinesia and medication withdrawal.
A novel overlap syndrome: Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, and dermatomyositis
Authors: Mohammed Maab Jasim , Hashim Hashim Talib , Al‐Obaidi Ahmed Dheyaa , Al Shammari Assim 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis is an extremely rare case that has not been presented or discussed in the literature to the best of our knowledge. The overlap of connective tissue disease is a challenge for physicians and patients, and it needs special care and regular clinical and laboratory follow‐up.AbstractThis report describes a rare case of overlapping connective tissue diseases in a 42‐year‐old female with rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, and dermatomyositis. The patient presented with a hyperpigmented erythematous rash, muscle weakness, and pain, highlighting the challenges of diagnosis and treatment that require regular clinical and laboratory follow‐up.
A useful technique of starting internal limiting membrane peeling from the edge of the internal limiting membrane defect in epiretinal membrane surgery
Authors: Sasajima Hirofumi , Zako Masahiro 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageClinicians should be aware that internal limiting membrane (ILM) defects may occur concurrently with epiretinal membrane, and starting ILM peeling at the ILM defect margin may be useful in such cases.AbstractWe describe a useful surgical technique for the treatment of idiopathic epiretinal membrane with concurrent internal limiting membrane (ILM) defect, in which ILM peeling was started from the ILM defect margin. A dissociated optic nerve fiber layer‐like appearance on fundus examination and optical coherence tomography may suggest an ILM defect.
A Blue Light and Two‐Photon Activatable Rhodamine Fluorophore
Authors: Weber Rebekka , Junek Stephan , Heckel Alexander 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotoactivatable fluorophores (PAFs) are powerful tools for biological imaging applications because they provide spatiotemporal control of fluorescence distribution. Many of the existing PAFs can only be activated by UV irradiation. In our study, we present a blue light (1P) and NIR light (2P) activatable rhodamine fluorophore. Next to the description of the synthesis and the investigation of the photoreaction, we demonstrate the use of our PAF in the context of laser scanning microscopy. By immobilization of our PAF in a hydrogel, we were able to write and read spatially resolved illumination patterns with excellent contrast after both one‐photon and two‐photon excitation.
AI‐Based Supervision for a Stirred Extraction Column Assisted with Population Balance‐Based Simulation
Authors: Neuendorf Laura , Hammal Zakariae , Fricke Armin , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSolvent extraction as environmental benign separation technique can be modeled in physical detail by population balance of the droplet size distribution. However, much information on the droplet generation and coalescence is necessary for representative results. In this contribution, we present a comparison of AI‐evaluated experimental and simulated data on the behavior of a stirred solvent extraction column with an inner diameter of 32 mm. Lab experiments were performed using the standard test system with n‐butyl acetate, acetone, and deionized water. A digital camera is placed in front of the middle section as well as the head of the column. Droplet size evaluation is performed using a retrained neural net (Mask R‐CNN). The stirred DN32 extraction column is modeled and simulated using a 1D CFD population balance software. The simulation allows for behavior analysis, trends comparison, and validation of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer performances.