bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aggressive behavior in patients hospitalised for a psychotic relapse
Authors: Bouguerra I. , Khelifa E. , Abaza H. , Ben Othman F. , Adouni A. , Ben Ammar H. , Mnif L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPatients in psychotic relapse may exhibit violent behavior towards objects, themselves or others. These behaviors, although usually unconscious, are a common reason for hospitalization and a source of rejection and stigmatization by family and society.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of aggressive behavior in relapsed inpatients with schizophrenia in the F psychiatry department at the Razi Hospital in Tunisia.MethodsThis was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of fifty male patients hospitalized for a psychotic relapse who were naïve or discontinuing treatment for at least two months. Patients were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire and the Overt Aggression Scale (OAS).ResultsThe age of the patients included ranged from 17 to 65 years, with an average of 36.4±11.51 years. More than half of the patients were without occupation (58%, N= 29). For personnal history : Seven patients (14%) had attempted suicide ; Eight patients (16%) showed evidence of self-harm ; Thirteen patients (26%) had a history of arrests of which eleven (22%) were incarcerated.The OAS score ranged from to 0 to 35 with a mean at 9.7+/- 10.3. Twenty-seven patients were aggressive (54%).ConclusionsPreventive strategies should focus more on predicting the aggressive potential of patients with schizophrenia and its socio-professional implication. Perhaps when using a less holistic approach to the disease and when approaching aggressive behavior as a symptom in its own right, we will be able to find other alternative options.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The relation between electroconvulsive therapy and dopamine
Authors: Ciobanu C. A. , Ionescu L. , Geafer L.-M. , Niculae C.-P. , Ciobanu A.-M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as a treatment for psychotic disorders is well-documented and effective. Despite the fact that ECT is often used, the precise neurobiological mechanisms supporting its effectiveness are still incompletely understood. Over the pastyears, extensive research on primates, rodents, and humans has begun to clarify the effects of electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) and ECT on neurotransmission systems such the dopaminergic system.ObjectivesThe aim of this paper is to search evidence in the literature regarding the effects of ECT on the dopamine system.MethodsIn order to write this article, we searched for information in the most important scientific articles from the Google Scholar and Pubmed databases regarding the effects of ECT on the dopaminergic system.ResultsECT and electroconvulsive shock are linked to enhanced dopamine release and dopamine receptor modification. Human studies show that ECT activates the dopamine system. In a study by Rudorfer et al., it was discovered that ECT increased the amount of homovanillic acid (HVA), a marker of dopamine turnover, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CRF). One important study indicates that monkeys given a brief clinical course of ECT (six sessions only) exhibit significant changes in dopaminergic presynaptic neurotransmission, with baseline function returning to quadratic (‘inverted U’ shape) by six weeks of the last ECT treatment. According to single-unit electrophysiological methods, repeated electroconvulsive shock to rats causes a subsensitivity of dopamine autoreceptors in the substantia nigra. Since effects identical to those reported with repeated treatment were also detected when a single electroconvulsive shock was followed by an acceptable treatment-free interval, this decreased sensitivity is time-dependent.ConclusionsThe results support the idea that ECT boosts the dopamine system and can be an effective strategy in the management of psychotic disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
I don’t know where I’m going or where I come from. Self-disorders in schizophrenia.
Authors: Vallecillo Adame M. D. C. , Rodríguez Andrés L. , de Andrés Lobo C. , Jimenez Aparicio T. , Queipo de Llano de la Viuda M. , Guerra Valera G. , Gonzaga Ramirez A. A. , Fernández Lozano M. , Mateos Sexmero M. J. , Navarro Barriga N. , Rodríguez Rodríguez B. , Pando Fernández M. P. , Calvo Valcárcel M. , Martínez Gimeno P. , Andreo Vidal M. A. , Santos Carrasco I. D. L. M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn the early stages of schizophrenia the person experiences feelings of strangeness about themselves, difficulty in making sense of things and difficulty in interacting with their environment. Based on this, self-disorder assessment instruments have been developed and empirical studies have been conducted to assess people at risk of developing a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. These studies show that self-disorders are found in pre-psychotic stages and that their manifestation can predict the transition to schizophrenia spectrum disorders.ObjectivesWe present the case of a patient with multiple diagnoses and mainly dissociative symptoms who, after years of evolution, was diagnosed with schizophrenia.MethodsBibliographic review including the latest articles in Pubmed about self-disorders and schizophrenia.ResultsWe present the clinical case of a 51-year-old woman with a long history of follow-up in mental health consultations and with multiple hospital admissions to the psychiatric unit, with several diagnoses including: dissociative disorder, histrionic personality disorder, adaptive disorder unspecified psychotic disorder and, finally, schizophrenia. The patient during the first hospital admissions showed a clinical picture of intense anxiety, disorientation and claiming to be a different person. The patient related these episodes to stressors she had experienced, and they improved markedly after a short period of hospital admission. Later, psychotic symptoms appeared in the form of auditory and visual hallucinations and delusional ideation, mainly of harm, so that after several years of follow-up and study in mental health consultations and in the psychiatric day hospital, she was diagnosed with schizophrenia and treatment with antipsychotics was introduced, with a marked clinical improvement being observed.ConclusionsIt is important to take into account this type of symptoms (self-disorders), as they allow the identification of individuals in the early stages of the disorder and create the opportunity for early therapeutic interventions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
EXPERIENCE OF PHARMACOGENETIC TESTING IN THE TREATMENT OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS
Authors: Kaydan M. , Zakharova N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOne of the promising methods for optimizing treatment in order to achieve high-quality remissions is a personalized approach to prescribing therapy in the form of pharmacogenetic testing, the feasibility of which has already been substantiated and proven in a number of clinical guidelines. By the beginning of 2022, several influential regulatory and expert organizations recommend considering the results of genetic testing when prescribing therapy. Thus, personalization of antipsychotic therapy is being introduced in the world practice.ObjectivesTo establish the significance of pharmacogenetic markers that determine the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic therapy in patients with schizophrenia in clinical practice.MethodsThe study included 264 patients (141 men, 123 women; 27.3 ± 4.5 years) from among the first hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital in the period 2018-2020, meeting the inclusion criteria (psychosis within the schizophrenia spectrum disorders; consent to participate in research). Non-inclusion criteria - signs of organic brain damage; alcohol or substance abuse; somatic pathology in the stage of decompensation). The examination took place in three stages - in the first days of hospitalization at the peak of the acute condition and during the formation of remission - after 6 and 12 months. Genetic analysis was performed using high-density biochips from Illumina CoreExome Bead (Illumina Inc, USA). During the follow-up observation, some patients dropped out due to refusal to undergo examination, change of diagnosis or change of place of residence. After 6 and 12 months, it was possible to trace the dynamics of the state of 91 patients (50 men, 41 women; 24.9 ± 4.6 years).ResultsBased on the follow-up results, two types of schizophrenia dynamics were identified - with a relatively favorable and unfavorable course. The formation of a relatively stable remission corresponding to the criteria proposed by the working group was noted in 47 patients (51.6%), carriers of gene polymorphisms: DRD2 rs1799732 (del); COMT rs4680(GG); BDNF rs6265 (CC); ANKK1 rs1800497 (GG); MC4R rs489693 (AA); ABCB1 rs1045642 and ABCC1 rs212090 (GG). An unfavorable course with the ineffectiveness of antipsychotics was found in 48.4% of cases in patients with DRD2 rs1799732 (G/del) carriers; COMT rs4680(AA); BDNF rs6265 (TT); ANKK1 rs1800497 (AA); MC4R rs489693 (GG); ABCB1 rs1045642 and ABCC1 rs212090 (AA).ConclusionsAfter analyzing the results of genetic testing and clinical and dynamic characteristics of the course of schizophrenia, we can talk about the relationship between the establishment of high-quality remission in the presence of polymorphisms in the genotype, whose role has been proven in terms of the effectiveness and safety of antipsychotics.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
High risk of psychosis, condition or diagnosis? About a case.
Authors: Maria Del Carmen M. L. , Irene C. I. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionA person with “high-risk mental status (HRMS)” indicates that the person, usually young people between the ages of 14 and 25, is more likely to develop psychosis. These people have attenuated psychotic symptoms without reaching the intensity or frequency of a frank psychotic episode. It is suggested that psychological trauma could favor neurochemical and psychopathological changes in a vulnerable individual. It would be interesting to study the role of psychotherapeutic interventions in the course of high-risk mental states and their possible evolution to a psychotic disorder. We present the case of an 18-year-old adolescent whose diagnosis was high risk of psychosis.ObjectivesThis work has several objectives. On the one hand review current information on high-risk mental status (EMAR). On the other hand, develop a discussion about whether the EMAR category should be a diagnostic entity or just a condition.MethodsA bibliographic search has been carried out in the main sources of medical information such as pubmed, uptodate as well as in national and international journals. Likewise, the knowledge and clinical experience of the team has been reviewed in order to expose its own experience in this field, defining specific interventions as well as results.ResultsThe case presented is of an 18-year-old female patient.She states that the main reason for consultation is something that happened last Sunday, at which time he had “an identity crisis” in which he did not know if he was a girl or a boy. The reasoning behind this fact is that “as Pablo Alborán likes him, perhaps he is a boy”. Given the bizarreness of the explanation and the patient’s particular contact, I explore a previous psychopathological situation. She says that since last year she feels more insecure, with diffuse fear that it is difficult to specify or nominate something specific: “in class and that is very difficult for me, public presentations”, she says that “everything scares me”, she says that she has a non-specific fear that has been maintained even increasing over the months and that has led him to have greater anguish. Even though the patient dates the beginning of the picture on Sunday, it is noteworthy that the previous Thursday she had requested a consultation with psychology in the private circuit that although she does not know how to specify the reason “because of fears” it seems that the anguish resulting from this fear had been increasing, having greater difficulties for the presentations in class. The contact is psychotic and the situation that the patient describes is typical of a “treme” situation, cataloged in the current literature as a High-Risk Mental State.ConclusionsHigh-risk mental states are not a diagnostic category according to current classifications, although it is necessary to reach a consensus on what the diagnosis implies and what would be the way to proceed when a patient presents these symptoms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The influence of substance abuse on inhibition capacities and risky decision in a group of outpatient schizophrenia patients
Authors: Dannon P. , Kertzman S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSubstance abuse is common among patients with schizophrenia, is related toworse course and outcome of illness. Unfortunately, little is known about how substanceabuse affects the cognitive function of schizophrenia patients, whose cognitive function isoften already comprised. Neurocognitive functioning includes inhibition control and decision-making, and both schizophrenia and substance use disorder are related to impairmentsof inhibition control. However, the influence of substance abuse on inhibition capacitiesamong schizophrenia patients is unclearObjectivesThis study measured the influence of substance use disorder on inhibition capacities and risky decision-making in a group of 39 schizophrenia patients that were evaluated using a socio-demographic questionnaire and clinical assessment using the Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale for Schizophrenia. To assess inhibition control we utilized the Matching Familiar Figure Test (MFFT) and the Stroop task, and to evaluate decision-making we used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and self-report questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsiveness ScaleMethodsUnivariate analysis found significant differences between the groups with regard to criminal history (v2¼5.97, p¼.015), smoking status (v:12.30, p<.001), and total BIS score (t: 2.69, df¼37, p¼.01). Our model did not find a significant effect of substance abuse on the first response time and number of errors on the MFFT or in the total interference index of Stroop performance and net score on risky decision-making in the IGT.ResultsThe two groups did not differ significantly either in first response time or in number of errors on the MFFT (F¼0.54, p¼.47, d¼0.24, 95% CI [-0.4, 0.88]; F¼0.28, p¼.60, d¼0.61, 95% CI [0, 1.26], respectively), nor did they differ in the total interference index of the Stroop task (F(1)¼0.49, p¼.49, d¼0.25, 95% CI [-0.38, 0.88]).ConclusionsThe analyses did not detect any statistically significant effect of substance abuse on inhibition control or risky decision-making processes in outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia, despite increased impulsivity, criminal history and smoking status. These results neither support nor disprove previous findings.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Correlation between Negative Life Experiences and Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Authors: Godiawala S. P. , Parikh M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAuditory Hallucination(AH) is a core & one of the most common symptom seen in schizophrenia. A prevalence study found that 1yr prevalence of AHs is 70% among patients of schizophrenia. Most theories of AHs discuss biological & psychological factors in phenomenology of voices. There definitely is a role of biological & neuroanatomical basis for occurrence of psychotic phenomenon & AHs, however environment & sociocultural background play important role in their genesis. It has been observed that theme of AHs is usually same, repetitive & associated with past life experiences of patients. The Negative Life Experience(NLE) though not always have significant impact on patient’s psyche, may manifest sooner or later in mental illness. Although AHs may be comforting, helping to cope up with unacceptable unconscious conflict, most patients report them to be negative, distressing & affecting socio-occupational functioning, thus making it important to understand & treat them effectively. Often, AHs stays as a residual symptom with which patient has to deal throughout life. This study is an effort to bridge existing gaps for better understanding of AHs & hence, Schizophrenia. It aims to understand effect of NLE on AHs, & thereby contribute to aetiology & therapeutic services to reduce distress of patients.ObjectivesThis study aims to find presence of history of past NLE in patients with schizophrenia having AHs, find a correlation between NLE & the content of AHs & hence to establish the role of sociocultural factors in phenomenology of AH in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA longitudinal study of 30 patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia as per DSM-5 having AHs visiting Psychiatry Department of Government Hospital was carried out over a period of 2yrs. A quantitative study to find correlation between presence of NLE & AH in patients and a qualitative study by in-depth interview of 10 patients with help of semi-structured questionnaire to understand phenomenology by procedures of interpretative phenomenological analysis was carried out.ResultsA positive statistically significant correlation between NLE & content of AH was found. Majority of patients experienced AHs based on NLE in past & heard voices related to it. Various themes such as Guilt, Fear, Inadequacy, Anger, Frustration surfaced during the qualitative study.ConclusionsThis study thus strengthens the holistic model where sociocultural factors with biological & psychological factors play a role in pathogenesis of AHs. Treatment weighing on addressing NLE & emotions attached to it may help in foreshortening recovery & deal with residual AHs. This can help in therapeutic management of distress in patients, relieve internal conflict within their psyche, where they would feel more understood and learn to live with persistent AHs.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Preliminary study on changes in BDNF in patients with depression after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Medved S. , Sović S. , Ganoci L. , Božina N. , Šagud M. , Bulum J. , Mihaljević-Peleš A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDepression and coronary artery disease (CAD) are often comorbid conditions. The presence of depression significantly interferes with the recovery after CAD therapy intervention, such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), one of the most common medical procedures in developed countries. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a major role in angiogenesis and neuromodulation. Its levels were previously shown to be reduced in patients with depression, and latest studies indicate similar in patients with CAD. However, the correlation of BDNF levels and depression after CAD treatment is unknown.ObjectivesThe aim of this preliminary study is to assess the changes in BDNF levels in patients with depressive symptoms during a six-month period upon PCI.MethodsAntidepressant-free participants that underwent PCI with stent placement due to myocardial infarction or angina pectoris were enrolled in the study. Depressive symptoms were evaluated at baseline using the Beck’s Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) with a cut-off score ≥20 indicating moderate depression. Serum BDNF levels were measured from blood samples drawn a day after (baseline) and six-months upon a successful PCI without complications. The t-test for dependent samples was used with marked significant differences at p<0,05.ResultsAltogether, 76 participants were included in the study, of which 25 finished a six-month follow-up. Participants with BDI-II≥20 at baseline had higher serum BDNF levels in the second measurement (M=23,12, SD=6,20; M=32,02, SD=12,26, respectively). No significant difference was found in serum BDNF levels in measurements between participants with and without depressive symptoms (t=0,33, p=0,74; t=-1,40, p=0,18, respectively). Statistically significant difference was found between serum BDNF in the first and second measurement in the overall sample (t=-2,28, p=0,03) and in participants with baseline moderate depressive symptoms (t=-2,46, p= 0,03), but not in those without (t=-0,59, p=0,57).ConclusionsSerum BDNF levels in participants with baseline moderate depressive symptoms increased after a six-month period upon successful PCI treatment, whereas that trend was not observed in participants without depressive symptoms. This highlights the potential synergistic role of BDNF in comorbid depression and CAD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Addictive behaviors in schizophrenic patients: Descriptive and analytical study
Authors: Bouali W. , Babba H. , Zaouali F. , Kacem M. , Brahim S. , Zarrouk L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe association of an addictive disorder (harmful use, abuse or dependence) with a schizophrenic disorder is the rule. Genetic vulnerability and social and economic factors are common to both disorders.Objectivesdetermine the impact of addictive behavior on patients suffering from schizophrenia.MethodsA descriptive and analytical retrospective study of 150 patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in the psychiatry department of Taher Sfar University Hospital in Mahdia from January 2017 to December 2021.ResultsThe average age of the patients was 39.8 ± 11.23 years with a predominance of the age group 36-45 years (38.4%). All of the patients were male. Three quarters of the patients (75.5%) were consumers of psychoactive substances (PSA): nearly three quarters (72.8%) were dependent on tobacco, more than a third (39.7%) were dependent on alcohol, more than a quarter (29.1%) dependent on cannabis and almost a quarter (26.5%) dependent on other SPAs. Criminal history, suicide attempts and hospitalization in psychiatry were significantly more frequent in patients who consumed SPA than those who did not consume (39.5% vs 8.1%; p=0.008, 17.5% vs 2.7%; p=0.02, 89.5 % vs 75.7%; p=0.03, respectively). Patients who consumed SPA had significantly more positive signs of schizophrenia (51.8% vs 10.8%; p=0.001) and were significantly less observant to treatment (55.3% vs 16.3%; p=0.001) than those who did not consume. Hetero-aggressiveness, self-aggressiveness and job change were significantly more frequent in patients with addictive behaviors than those without addiction (86.8% vs 48.7%; p=0.001, 23.7% vs 2.7%; p= 0.004, 14.9% vs 0%; p=0.015, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that criminal history, hetero-aggressiveness, predominant positive symptomatology and work stoppage were the factors independently associated with SPA consumption in patients with schizophrenia in our study (β=14.7 95% CI 3.23–67.01, p=0.001, β=0.099, 95% CI 0.03–0.31, p=0.001, β=7.18, 95% CI 2.09–24.67, p=0.002, β=5.24 95% CI 1.27–21.7; p=0.02, respectively).ConclusionsAccording to our study, addictive comorbidities concern three quarters of our patients. They expose them to a higher risk of legal problems, hetero-aggressiveness, predominance of positive signs and instability at work. These results encourage the development of methods for early diagnostic identification of addictive behavior comorbid with schizophrenia as well as integrated care combining psychiatric and addictological care.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared