bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High flow nasal cannula for acute respiratory failure due to COVID‐19 in patients with a ‘do‐not‐intubate’ order: A survival analysis
Authors: Smesseim Illaa , Mooij‐Kalverda Kirsten , Hessels Lisa , Korevaar Daniel A. , Atasever Burak , de Graaff Hjalmar , Goorhuis Abraham , Nossent Esther , Bos Lieuwe , Bonta Peter ,   the Amsterdam UMC HFNC study group:, van den Aardweg Joost , Boersma Wim , van der Lee Ivo , Reesink Herre J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionHigh flow nasal cannula (HFNC) reduces the need for intubation in patients with hypoxaemic acute respiratory failure (ARF), but its added value in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and a do‐not‐intubate (DNI) order is unknown. We aimed to assess (variables associated with) survival in these patients.Materials and methodsWe described a multicentre retrospective observational cohort study in five hospitals in the Netherlands and assessed the survival in COVID‐19 patients with severe acute respiratory failure and a DNI order who were treated with high flow nasal cannula. We also studied variables associated with survival.Results and discussionOne‐third of patients survived after 30 days. Survival was 43.9% in the subgroup of patients with a good WHO performance status and only 16.1% in patients with a poor WHO performance status. Patients who were admitted to the hospital for a longer period prior to HFNC initiation were less likely to survive. HFNC resulted in an increase in ROX values, reflective of improved oxygenation and/or decreased respiratory rate.ConclusionOur data suggest that a trial of HFNC could be considered to increase chances of survival in patients with ARF due to COVID‐19 pneumonitis and a DNI order, especially in those with a good WHO performance status.
Incidence and risk factors of subclinical rejection after pediatric liver transplantation, and impact on allograft fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Zhixin , Zhao Shengqiao , Si Zhuyuan , Wang Zhenglu , Dong Chong , Sun Chao , Zheng Weiping , Kai Wang , Zhang Wei , Song Zhuolun , Gao Wei , Shen Zhongyang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionSubclinical rejection (SCR) is a common injury in protocol biopsy after pediatric liver transplantation (pLT), but its effect on the recipient is not clearly understood. We herein investigated the incidence and risk factors involved in SCR and analyzed the relationship between SCR and allograft fibrosis (AF).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the biopsy results from 507 children between May 2013 and May 2019, and 352 patients underwent protocol biopsy 2 years after pLT, 203 underwent protocol biopsy 5 years after pLT, and 48 underwent protocol biopsy both 2 and 5 years after pLT.ResultsThe incidence of SCR in the 5‐year group was higher than that in the 2‐year group (20.2% vs.13.4%, respectively, p = .033). The number of patients with mild and moderate SCR in the 5‐year group was also higher than that in the 2‐year group (p = .039). Logistic regression analysis showed that acute rejection before liver biopsy and deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) were independent risk factors for SCR in the two groups, and that the incidence and severity of AF in protocol biopsies at both periods in the SCR group were higher than those in the non‐SCR group (p < .05).ConclusionsThe incidence and severity of SCR increased with the prolongation of protocol biopsy time. We postulate that acute rejection and DDLT are independent risk factors for SCR after transplantation. As the occurrence of SCR also augmented the incidence and severity of AF.
Design‐led Innovation Readiness: priming micro SMEs for strategic innovation
Authors: Bailey Mark , Spencer Nicholas , Carrion‐Weiss Justine , Arakelyan Arman , Carter Anthonia 
Published: December 2022

This research explores innovation‐readiness in the context of design‐led innovation in micro, small and medium‐sized enterprises (MSMEs). It builds on work undertaken and published by the lead author's team in 2018. This reported on the team's rapid design‐led intervention for supporting organisations to establish innovation readiness.Since it first delivery, the approach has been deployed with over 60 separate enterprises across three different countries; UK, USA, and Armenia. It has evolved to be delivered through different modes; one‐to‐one, one‐to‐many, face‐to‐face and on‐line. Further, it has been developed in such a way that postgraduate students, or ‘novice facilitators’, can take an active role in its delivery. Facilitation teams have invariably included at least one facilitator with a design background. Participants were enterprise founders or leaders.In this study a mixed‐methods approach is used, combining thematic analysis of participant surveys, co‐reflection and semi‐structured interviews with participants and facilitators. Findings suggest that this design‐led approach delivers different benefits from typical business innovation readiness assessment and audit tools. It involves a form of co‐creative, speculative knowledge venturing that supports enterprises in not only understanding their innovation readiness, but also in creating and mapping strategic innovation opportunities, thereby priming them to engage in design‐led innovation practices. This co‐creation of knowledge leads to both new knowledge about the innovation readiness of the enterprise and new innovation opportunities. It is revealed as a fundamental, catalytic aspect of the programme irrespective of mode, or location, of delivery.This paper will be of interest to researchers and practitioners who are seeking to develop innovation support programmes working with SMEs and MSMEs.
Simulating effects of agricultural intensification and climate change: Nitrogen fertilisation and drought stress decrease insect herbivore performance
Authors: Raharivololoniaina Ange , Moewert Ellen , Fischer Klaus 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Biodiversity is globally under pressure, and the current decline in insect biomass and diversity is likely caused by human activities. Key drivers of biodiversity loss include agricultural intensification and anthropogenic climate change. Nevertheless, a thorough understanding of potential interactions between both factors and the mechanisms underlying insect declines, in general, is still lacking.
Here, the authors investigate the combined effects of nitrogen fertilisation and drought, as applied to host plants, on the preference and performance of the butterfly Lycaena tityrus.
Individuals performed best on plants having received medium nitrogen levels, while performance was reduced by either a lack of or strong fertilisation, the former potentially caused by nitrogen limitation and the latter by increased concentrations of toxic allelochemicals. Female oviposition preference though was positively related to nitrogen fertilisation, resulting in a mismatch between preference and offspring performance at high nitrogen levels. Plant drought stress additionally reduced herbivore performance, and females appeared to suffer more from low‐quality food than males.
Our results indicate that increasing nitrogen fertilisation, as applied in intensive agriculture, may substantially reduce host‐plant quality for insect herbivores, which may be exaggerated in the course of climate change due to the more frequent occurrence of droughts. Our study thus contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying human‐driven insect declines in agricultural landscapes and beyond.
Smartphone and custom‐made software to assess the effect of botulinum toxin in essential blepharospasm: Initial results
Authors: Yabumoto Cristina , Osaki Midori H. , Gameiro Gustavo R. , Matayoshi Suzana , Campos Mauro , Osaki Tammy H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeIt is challenging to assess essential blepharospasm (EB) patients objectively because they exhibit chaotic patterns of abnormal eyelid movements. Previously employed objective approaches used systems with low levels of accuracy systems or were too complex to be applied in routine clinical practice. We aimed to develop a practical tool using a smartphone camera and custom‐made software to objectively assess the therapeutic effects of botulinum toxin in blepharospasm patients.MethodsThirty‐four patients with EB were evaluated before and 15 days after receiving onabotulinumtoxinA injections. The control group was composed of 19 age‐matched healthy individuals. A smartphone (iPhone 6 S; Apple) was used to record spontaneous eyelid movements for 3 min, after which eyelid movement frequency was analysed using custom‐made software.ResultsBefore treatment, eyelid movement frequency was significantly higher in the EB group (21.55 ± 13.30 movements/min) compared to the control group (8.26 ± 8.89 eyelid movements/min; p < 0.001). The frequency of spontaneous eyelid movements was significantly reduced after treatment in the EB patients (8.46 ± 6.32 eyelid movements/min; p < 0.001). After treatment, no statistically significant difference in eyelid movement rate was observed between the EB patients and the control group (p = 0.32).ConclusionsAssessment of the spontaneous eyelid movements obtained with the smartphone camera and analysed with the custom‐made software enabled us to objectively measure the therapeutic effects of botulinum toxin in patients with blepharospasm. Further refinement of this system could enable customized and fine adjustments to botulinum toxin doses based on each patient's needs.
Reproductive behaviours in male parasitoids: From mating system to pairing pattern
Authors: Charrat Blandine , Amat Isabelle , Allainé Dominique , Desouhant Emmanuel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is now acknowledged that mating system is a dynamic characteristic within species or populations. Indeed, behavioural characteristics shaping the mating system can vary at the inter‐individual level, providing raw material for sexual and natural selections, and at the intra‐individual level, because of phenotypic plasticity and ontogeny of individual behaviours. Social environment is an additional source of variation in sexual behaviours. By focusing on males of the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens, we assessed how sexual behaviours (courtship and mating) vary between and within individuals, considering males' size as inter‐individual source of variation, and age and mating experience as intra‐individual sources of variation. Consequences of the variations in sexual behaviours at the individual level are appraised by quantifying the costs in longevity and offspring production incurred by (repeatedly) mated males. At the population level, we tested the “agility hypothesis” predicting that smaller males win the male–male competition to access females, resulting in a non‐random assortative mating by size and a negative sexual selection on body size. We showed that V. canescens males are polygynous and that mating incurred longevity cost. Old males had a higher probability to court females, but no mating advantage. Smaller males tended to have a higher mating probability, but size was not under sexual selection and there was a random mating pattern according to individual size. Male–male competition intensity did not influence pairing pattern but tended to influence mating dynamic. Overall, our results suggest that sexual behaviours tended to vary at the inter‐ and intra‐individual levels and the effect of social environment remains to be more precisely described. These variations may impact individuals' reproductive success with potential ecological and evolutionary consequences that are discussed.
Water webbing: Long‐jawed spider (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) produces webs that touch the surface of ephemeral waterbodies
Authors: Gould John , García Luis Fernando , Valdez Jose. W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFew spiders are known to construct silk webs that physically contact water, despite it being both a surface and medium that can be exploited for web construction. Herein, we report on an Australian long‐jawed spider from the Tetragnatha genus (Tetragnatha cf. nitens) that frequently produces aerial webs that touch the surface of ephemeral waterbodies. Field observations revealed webs that were built by these spiders at varying heights above water in emergent vegetation stands around the edge of ephemeral waterbodies. Approximately, 15 of the 100 webs recorded were constructed immediately above the water with their lower sections making physical contact with the water's surface. We observed water striders becoming stuck within these low‐lying webs, suggesting that associating webs with surface water allows the spiders to exploit prey types that cannot be passively filtered from the environment in purely aerial webs. This could suggest that some species of long‐jawed spider select the positioning of their webs above water, which would be adaptive if it allows them to target different and possibly multiple prey communities.
Inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg1 on the senescence of hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Shang Dongsheng , Li Zhihuan , Tan Xiaoli , Liu Hanqing , Tu Zhigang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) produce all blood cell lineages and maintain life‐long hematopoiesis. However, the self‐renewal ability and differentiation capacity of HSCs reduces with age. The senescence of HSCs can lead to the imbalance of hematopoietic homeostasis and immune disorder and induce a variety of age‐related diseases. Recent studies have shown that therapeutic interventions targeting the senescence of HSCs may prevent disease progression. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), extracted from roots or stems of ginseng, has beneficial antiaging activities. It has been reported that Rg1 can inhibit the senescence of HSCs. Here, we reviewed recent advances of Rg1 in inhibiting the senescence of HSCs and discussed related molecular mechanisms. Bioinformatics and network databases have been widely applied to drug discoveries. Here, we predicted potential antiaging targets of Rg1 explored by bioinformatic methods, which may help discover new targets of Rg1 and provide novel strategies for delaying the aging process of HSCs.
J. M. R. LENZ AND THE PROBLEM OF SOLDIERS: BETWEEN MODERATE AND RADICAL STURM UND DRANG IN LENZ'S MILITARY REFORMS
Authors: McLean Ian 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTIn his essay ‘Über die Soldatenehen’ and his fragmentary writings on military reforms Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz uses the distinctly moderate discourse of physiocratic economics to the radical ends of a complete restructuring of social relations. Lenz turns the logic of the physiocrats against more moderate reform efforts and presents a model of economic circulation that emphasises the role of labour in stark opposition to the physiocratic emphasis on land‐ownership. The correction of economic streams extends to a less literal economy: that of ‘Konkupiszenz’. Central to Lenz's theological writings, ‘Konkupiszenz’, the divine gift of an inherently queer sexual desire, takes on an economic structure similar to that espoused in ‘Über die Soldatenehen’ that in turn proves central to his project of redefining the family in the military reform texts. Looking at both structures together, we can trace the way that Lenz's military writings call for liberating the flow of ‘Konkupiszenz’ across classes, which amounts to a radical reorganisation of the social and economic structure.
KARL MOOR'S FAILED REVOLUTION: RADICAL CRITIQUE AND MODERATE POLITICS IN SCHILLER'S DIE RÄUBER
Authors: Owlarn Thiti 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTRecent scholarship tends to agree that Die Räuber is a play about two rebels, Karl and Franz Moor, who respectively represent the idealist and materialist strands of Enlightenment thought. What is often overlooked, however, is the brothers’ desire not merely to rebel against the status quo but also to establish new systems of authority. This article argues that Schiller's Die Räuber is primarily concerned with the problem of revolution. More than a mere rebel figure, Karl Moor seeks to replace the top‐down system of authority based on the power of the law with a bottom‐up system of power based on consent; similarly, Franz seeks to invert the top‐down structure of law‐based ethics with an egoistic system of behaviour based on desires. The drama reveals both revolutionary attempts to be doomed to failure, for neither bottom‐up systems are able to escape the violence of necessity that govern all authority systems. Ultimately, the politics of Die Räuber is paradoxical: it evinces both the need for radical social transformation and the acknowledgement that such transformations are impossible. In the end, the reader is left to contemplate the gap between our desire for utopia and the limits of material reality.
KLF13 overexpression protects sepsis‐induced myocardial injury and LPS‐induced inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Zeng Ni , Jian Zaijin , Zhu Wenxin , Xu Junmei , Fan Yongmei , Xiao Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSepsis remains a worldwide public health problem. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of transcriptional factors (TFs) in sepsis‐induced myocardial injury. Firstly, TF KLF13 was selected to explore its role in sepsis‐induced myocardial injury. The caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) ‐induced sepsis mouse model was established and the septic mice were examined using standard histopathological methods. KLF13 expression was detected in the septic mouse heart and was also seen in a lipoploysaccharide (LPS) ‐induced cellular inflammation model. To explore this further both pro‐apoptotic cleaved‐caspase3/caspase3 and Bax levels and anti‐apoptotic Bcl2 levels were examined, also in both models, In addition inflammatory cytokine (IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IL‐8 and MCP‐1) production and IκB‐α protein level and p65 phosphorylation were examined in both septic mice and LPS‐induced cells. Thus three parameters ‐ cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammatory response and NF‐κB pathway activation were evaluated under similar conditions. The septic mice showed significant oedema, disordered myofilament arrangement and degradation and necrosis to varying degrees in the myocardial cells. KLF13 was downregulated in both the septic mouse heart and the LPS‐induced cellular inflammation model. Furthermore, both models showed abnormally increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis (increased cleaved‐caspase3/caspase and Bax protein levels and decreased Bcl2 level), elevated inflammation (increased production of inflammatory cytokines) and the activated NF‐κB pathway (increased p65 phosphorylation and decreased IκB‐α protein level). KLF13 overexpression notably ameliorated sepsis‐induced myocardial injury in vivo and in vitro. KLF13 overexpression protected against sepsis‐induced myocardial injury and LPS‐induced cellular inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting the inflammatory pathways (especially NF‐κB signalling) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
The effects of sintering atmospheres on piezoelectric performances of Co‐doped Ba0.88Ca0.12Zr0.12Ti0.88O3 ceramics
Authors: Shi Shengfang , Hashimoto Hideki , Sekino Tohru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work investigates the effects of content ratio Co3+/Co2+ on piezoelectric properties of lead‐free Ba0.88Ca0.12Zr0.12Ti0.88O3 (BCZT) ceramics. For this purpose, 0.10 wt% Co ions using a CoO powder doped BCZT ceramics were sintered under various atmospheres (ranging from pure nitrogen to 100 vol% oxygen concentration) to vary the ratio value Co3+/Co2+. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed the coexistence of Co3+ and Co2+ for oxygen concentration below 40 vol% and the single oxidation state of Co3+ for oxygen concentration over 50 vol%. Co2+ substitution could induce more oxygen vacancy to accelerate densification and grain growth, whereas Co3+ substitution usually leads to larger lattice distortion to generate a stable asymmetric structure. When oxygen concentration was 30 vol% and Co3+/Co2+ near to 1.0, the respective superiority of Co3+ and Co2+ is brought into full play, and the ceramic showed the highest piezoelectric constant d33* ∼ 518 pm/V (380 pm/V for undoped BCZT) and the relatively high Curie temperature Tc ∼ 105°C (95°C for undoped BCZT). This study suggests that optimizing sintering atmosphere might be an effective way to enhance the piezoelectric properties for some composition‐modified piezoelectric BCZT ceramics.
The criterion‐related validity of conscientiousness in personnel selection: A meta‐analytic reality check
Authors: Watrin Luc , Weihrauch Lucas , Wilhelm Oliver 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA key finding in personnel selection is the positive correlation between conscientiousness and job performance. Evidence predominantly stems from concurrent validation studies with incumbent samples but is readily generalized to predictive settings with job applicants. This is problematic because the extent to which faking and changes in personality affect the measurement likely vary across samples and study designs. Therefore, we meta‐analytically investigated the relation between conscientiousness and job performance, examining the moderating effects of sample type (incumbent vs. applicant) and validation design (concurrent vs. predictive). The overall correlation of conscientiousness and job performance was in line with previous meta‐analyses (). In our analyses, the correlation did not differ across validation designs (concurrent: ; predictive: ), sample types (incumbents: ; applicants: ), or their interaction. Critically, however, our review revealed that only a small minority of studies (~12%) were conducted with real applicants in predictive designs. Thus, barely a fraction of research is conducted under realistic conditions. Therefore, it remains an open question if self‐report measures of conscientiousness retain their predictive validity in applied settings that entail faked responses. We conclude with a call for more multivariate research on the validity of selection procedures in predictive settings with actual applicants.
The use of epidermal growth factor in dermatological practice
Authors: Shin Sun Hye , Koh Young Gue , Lee Woo Geon , Seok Joon , Park Kui Young 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEpidermal growth factor (EGF) is a growth factor that plays a pivotal role in wound healing and maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Exogenous administration of bioidentical human recombinant epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) has been known to promote skin wound healing, although rhEGF is increasingly being used in drug delivery systems and nanotechnology. However, despite considerable attention being focused on the potential clinical applications of rhEGF in several dermatological conditions beyond wound healing, the number of studies still remains relatively low. Herein, we conducted a literature search of PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar databases to retrieve published literature related to rhEGF and summarised the effects of rhEGF in the treatment of various wound types, radiotherapy or chemotherapy‐related skin reactions, atopic dermatitis, skin aging, and post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation.