bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure does not affect fibrotic function of dermal fibroblast through an in vitro 3D hydrogel culture model
Authors: Wei Yating , Deng Jiawen , Yin Meifang , Xu Guangchao , He Jinqing , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Lijun , Li Zhibin , Huang Guangtao , Wu Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPressure therapy has been used for the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars for decades. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this treatment modality have not been fully elaborated, leading to long‐lasting controversies regarding its clinical effectiveness. In this current study, we adopted an in vitro 3D culture and compression model to explore the effect of pressure force on fibroblasts, in order to further explain the working mechanism of compression force during pressure treatment. Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in the 3D culture hydrogel and treated with 1.5 atm of external compression force through a syringe tube device, for 4, 8, and 20 h respectively. RNA‐seq identified 437 differentially regulated genes after an 8‐h compression intervention compared with control cells, among which 256 genes were up‐regulated and 181 genes were down‐regulated. Further q‐PCR analysis confirmed that early growth response 1(EGR1) and c‐fos were down‐regulated after an 8‐h compression intervention. However, the down‐regulation of EGR1 and c‐fos at the mRNA level does not lead to altered protein synthesis through western blot, for both 8 and 20‐h time points after pressure intervention. Genes closely related to the fibrotic function of fibroblasts including type I collagen (COL1), type III collagen (COL3), transforming growth factor β1(TGF‐β1), matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), matrix metallopeptidase 1 (TIMP1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), α smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), and fibronectin 1 (FN1), were also unaffected after pressure treatment for 8 h. The current study indicated that in our 3D hydrogel culture model, pressure does not directly affect the fibrotic function of dermal fibroblast in vitro. Indirect regulation including reducing oedema, blood perfusion, and tension could be a more possible mechanism of pressure therapy.
Refractive index and lattice parameter prediction for garnets (A3B2C3X12)
Authors: Drazin John W. , Hay Randall S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe validity of prediction methods for garnet lattice parameters was tested, and a modified model with best fit to a lattice parameter database with over 1000 garnet compositions was developed. The lattice parameter predictions were used in Shannon and Fischer's model to predict garnet refractive indices. The predictions were compared to refractive index measurements reported for 143 garnet compositions. After calibration of electron overlap factors used in the model, the average prediction error was 1.13%. Sources of error in the models are discussed, as well as applications of the predictive methods.
Effects of pair housing on behavior, cortisol, and clinical outcomes during quarantine‐like procedures for rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Jackson Martina N. , Truelove Melissa A. , Williams Kimberly , Chen Jiandong , Moore Reneé H. , Wood Jennifer S. , Cohen Joyce K. , Mollie Bloomsmith 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCompatible pair housing of macaques in research settings increases species‐typical behaviors and facilitates beneficial social buffering. It is not yet established whether these benefits are maintained after intrafacility transfer and domestic quarantine, which are two stressors that can lead to behavioral and clinical abnormalities.MethodsWe evaluated 40 adolescent male rhesus macaques who were single‐ or pair‐housed immediately following an intrafacility transfer. We measured behavior, fecal cortisol, body weight, and diarrhea occurrence. Body weight and diarrhea occurrence were also retrospectively analyzed in an additional 120 adolescent rhesus who underwent a similar transfer.Results and ConclusionsPair‐housed macaques exhibited less of some undesirable behaviors (e.g., self‐clasping) and experienced less diarrhea than single‐housed subjects; however, no significant differences in cortisol levels or alopecia measures were found. The demonstrated beneficial effects of pair housing for rhesus macaques following intrafacility transfer and adjustment suggest pairing upon arrival at a new facility will bolster animal welfare.
COVID‐19 pandemic experiences, ethical conflict and decision‐making process in critical care professionals (Quali‐Ethics‐COVID‐19 research part 1): An international qualitative study
Authors: Falcó‐Pegueroles Anna , Bosch‐Alcaraz Alejandro , Terzoni Stefano , Fanari Francesco , Viola Elena , Via‐Clavero Gemma , Hoyo Sara Gonzalez‐Del , Parini Anna Maria , Poveda‐Moral Silvia , Parozzi Mauro , Guàrdia‐Olmos Joan , Bonetti Loris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAim and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the sources of ethical conflict and the decision‐making processes of ICU nurses and physicians during the first and subsequent waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundDepside several studies exploring ethical conflicts during COVID‐19 pandemic, few studies have explored in depth the perceptions and experiences of critical care professionals regarding these conflicts, the decision‐making process or which have analysed the complexity of actually implementing the recommendations of scientific societies and professional/healthcare institutions in interdisciplinary samples.DesignA descriptive phenomenological study.MethodsThirty‐eight in‐depth interviews were conducted with critical care nurses and physicians from five hospitals in Spain and Italy between December 2020 and May 2021. A thematic content analysis of the interview transcripts was conducted by two researchers. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were employed to ensure the quality and transparency of this study.ResultsTwo main themes emerged as sources of ethical conflict: the approach to end of life in exceptional circumstances and the lack of humanisation and care resources. The former comprised two subthemes: end‐of‐life care and withholding and withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatment; the latter comprised three subthemes: the impossibility of guaranteeing the same opportunities to all, fear of contagion as a barrier to taking decisions and the need to humanise care.ConclusionsProfessionals sought to take their decisions in line with professional ethics and bioethical principles, but, nevertheless, they experienced moral dilemmas and moral distress when not being able to care for, or to treat, their patients as they believed fit.Relevance to Clinical PracticeFurther education and training are recommended on the provision of end‐of‐life and post‐mortem care, effective communication techniques via video calls, disclosure of bad news and bioethical models for decision‐making in highly demanding situations of uncertainty, such as those experienced during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Effect of immersion in disinfectants on the color stability of denture base resins and artificial teeth obtained by 3D printing
Authors: Coelho Sabrina R. G. , da Silva Marcela D. D. , Nunes Thais S. B. S. , Viotto Hamile E. C. , Marin Danny O. M. , Pero Ana C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of immersion in disinfecting solutions on the color stability of denture base resins and artificial teeth obtained by 3D printing.Materials and methodsForty discs (15 × 3 mm) were obtained for each group: Lucitone 550 and Cosmos Denture 3D (denture base resins), Duralay and Cosmos TEMP 3D (artificial teeth resins). The discs were immersed in disinfectant solutions: Corega Tabs, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate, 0.25% sodium hypochlorite, and distilled water. Color measurements were obtained with a spectrophotometer before immersion in disinfectants and after the simulated periods of 6 and 12 months. Data (ΔE00) were submitted to mixed three‐way ANOVA and Bonferroni post‐test.ResultsFor denture base resins, Cosmos Denture 3D showed greater color change regardless of the solution and immersion time. The immersion time of 6 months influenced the color change of the denture base resins regardless of the disinfectant solution. For the artificial teeth resins, the immersion time of 12 months showed a significant color change when compared to 6 months. Cosmos TEMP 3D showed greater color change for all solutions, except for 0.25% sodium hypochlorite. Duralay resin showed greater color change in 2% chlorhexidine, regardless of immersion time.ConclusionsFor denture base resins, the immersion time significantly changed the color regardless of the solution. For artificial teeth resins, Cosmos TEMP 3D showed greater color changes in all solutions when compared to Duralay, except for 0.25% sodium hypochlorite. Chlorhexidine digluconate significantly changed the color of Duralay.
Thoracolumbar myelopathies in pug dogs
Authors: Wachowiak Ian J. , Patterson Jon S. , Winger Kathryn M. , Smiler Kathleen L. , Cole Robert , Moon Rachel , Kluz Michael , Bartner Lisa R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundConstrictive myelopathy (CM) involving a fibrous band around the spinal cord is a newly recognized disease in pug dogs.ObjectivesTo identify the frequency of CM based on diagnostic imaging supplemented with necropsy; to determine whether a relationship exists between the sites of CM and other described T3‐L3 myelopathies; and to determine the frequency of caudal articular process dysplasia (CAPD).AnimalsThirty‐two client‐owned pug dogs diagnosed with a chronic, progressive T3‐L3 myelopathy based on neurological examination performed by a board‐certified neurologist.MethodsThis is a prospective study. All dogs underwent computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reviewed by a board‐certified radiologist. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities were categorized into diseases; CM only, CM plus other non‐CM condition(s), or non‐CM condition. Sites of CAPD were reported on CT. Nineteen dogs underwent necropsy.ResultsMagnetic resonance imaging revealed 3 dogs with CM only, 17 with CM plus at least 1 other myelopathy, 11 dogs with non‐CM myelopathies only, and 1 with no MRI abnormalities. Nineteen of 32 dogs had >1 myelopathy diagnosis on MRI whereas 15/32 had >1 site of spinal cord compression. All dogs had CAPD at >1 site in the T3‐L3 vertebral column on CT.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceConstrictive myelopathy affected more than half of pug dogs presenting with chronic thoracolumbar myelopathies. Most had multilevel disease, concurrent myelopathies, or both. There was no apparent relationship between anatomic locations of CAPD and most severe myelopathy or myelopathy type.
Twenty‐year trends of Centropages typicus (Copepoda, Calanoida) reproduction, feeding, population abundance and structure in the Gulf of Naples (Western Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Carotenuto Ylenia , Di Capua Iole , Di Pinto Mario , Palumbo Flora , Percopo Isabella , Uttieri Marco , Miralto Antonio , Mazzocchi Maria Grazia , Ianora Adrianna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCentropages typicus is a temperate calanoid copepod occurring in Atlantic and Mediterranean coastal waters, where its reproductive biology and population dynamics are well‐known. C. typicus has also been suggested as a key species for monitoring the impact of environmental changes on copepod secondary production. The aim of this study is to investigate the seasonal and interannual reproductive (egg production and egg hatching success) and feeding (fecal pellet production) traits, population abundance and structure (sex ratio) of C. typicus over a 20‐year period at the Long‐Term Ecological Research site MareChiara (LTER‐MC) in the Gulf of Naples (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea), identifying specific trends and patterns. At a seasonal scale, egg production and hatching success were tightly linked with maxima in February–March, driving the juvenile and adult springtime population peaks but showing a poor correlation with phytoplankton abundance, pointing to an omnivorous diet. At a multiannual scale, an observed decrease in the population is backed up by a reduction in egg production, despite an increase in hatching success. The results of this study provide new elements to comprehend the links between C. typicus functional traits, population dynamics, and environmental factors and highlight the importance of running LTER series to monitor the trends in natural environments.
Multiple generation magmatic and hydrothermal processes in a Martian subvolcanic environment based on the analysis of Yamato‐000593 nakhlite meteorite
Authors: Gyollai Ildiko , Chatzitheodoridis Elias , Kereszturi Ákos , Szabó Máté 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe studied the occurrence of secondary minerals and inferred their formation in the Yamato‐000593 Martian meteorite using multiple technological approaches such as electron probe micro analysis, optical microscope, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, as well as Fourier transform‐infrared microscopy and spectroscopy. Two separate hydrothermal alteration events and their sequence of formation (based on superpositional relationship) can be identified: an elevated temperature phase producing high‐temperature sulfidic hydrothermal alteration and a lower temperature hydrothermal alteration phase by iron‐rich fluids. This meteorite shows signatures more compatible with magmatic effects, rather than impact‐induced hydrothermal alteration, as has been proposed earlier. The sulfidic alteration probably formed by magmatic hydrothermal fluids, whereas iron‐rich hydrothermal fluid circulation after a possible early impact event has also been proposed, when the fluids cooled down to 50 °C. Most of the secondary minerals formed at alkaline‐neutral conditions, and the few observed signatures (clay–silica‐bearing veins, siderite‐iron‐oxide veins) of briny conditions are probably from local spatial effects in larger cavities. The ferrous minerals (hematite and siderite) along the fractures could be crystallized from Fe‐HCO3‐bearing fluids. Alternatively, the primary magmatic minerals could have been oxidized easily (Fe‐rich olivines, magnetite) during the cooling to iron oxides (hematite, goethite). The results suggest the possible existence of at least ephemerally habitable environments on Mars, mainly at volcanically heated locations. Following published geochemical models, the carbonates formed within acidic‐circumneutral condition, which was followed by formation of phyllosilicates in alkaline condition.
Morbidity and mortality of hospitalised patients with candidemia during the various severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic waves: A multicentre evaluation of 248 US hospitals
Authors: Bauer Karri A. , Yu Kalvin , Moise Pamela A. , Finelli Lyn , Ai ChinEn , Watts Janet , Ye Gang , Gupta Vikas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies evaluating outcomes of COVID‐19 patients with candidemia are limited and have only evaluated a single timepoint during the pandemic.ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence and outcomes associated with candidemia in patients based on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) status and through the various pandemic waves (1 March 2020–5 March 2022).Patients/MethodsMulticentre, retrospective cohort analysis of data from 248 US medical facilities using the BD Insights Research Database (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA). Eligible patients were adults aged ≥18 years who were hospitalised for >1 day, had a SARS‐CoV‐2 test and a positive blood culture for Candida spp.ResultsDuring the study time frame, there were 2,402,879 hospital admissions; 234,903 (9.7%) and 2,167,976 (90.3%) patients were SARS‐CoV‐2 positive and negative, respectively. A significantly higher rate of candidemia/1000 admissions was observed in SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive patients compared to SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative patients (3.18 vs. 0.99; p < .001). The highest candidemia rate for SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive patients was observed during the Alpha SARS‐CoV‐2 wave (June 2020–August 2020) with the lowest candidemia rate during the Omicron wave. Hospital mortality was significantly higher in SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive patients compared to SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative patients with candidemia (59.6% vs. 30.8%; p < .001). When evaluating the mortality rate through the various pandemic waves, the rate for the overall population did not change.ConclusionsOur study indicates high morbidity and mortality for hospitalised patients with COVID‐19 and candidemia which was consistent throughout the pandemic. Patients with COVID‐19 are at an increased risk for candidemia; importantly, the magnitude of which may differ based on the circulating variant.
Adolescent extra‐truncal progressive macular hypomelanosis
Authors: Paquette Gabriella M , Sherman Shany , Akabane Andressa , Harris John E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTwo adolescent females presented to outpatient clinic with isolated, non‐scaly, asymptomatic hypopigmented macules and patches on the arm(s). Both cases had Wood's lamp exams notable for extralesional punctiform coral‐red perifollicular fluorescence on the back and faint intralesional enhancement. In one case, biopsy was performed and deemed consistent with progressive macular hypomelanosis. The patient had complete response to antimicrobial therapy and sun exposure.
Augmenting fake content detection in online platforms: A domain adaptive transfer learning via adversarial training approach
Authors: Ng Ka Chung , Ke Ping Fan , So Mike K. P. , Tam Kar Yan 
Published: February 2023

Online platforms are experimenting with interventions such as content screening to moderate the effects of fake, biased, and incensing content. Yet, online platforms face an operational challenge in implementing machine learning algorithms for managing online content due to the labeling problem, where labeled data used for model training are limited and costly to obtain. To address this issue, we propose a domain adaptive transfer learning via adversarial training approach to augment fake content detection with collective human intelligence. We first start with a source domain dataset containing deceptive and trustworthy general news constructed from a large collection of labeled news sources based on human judgments and opinions. We then extract discriminating linguistic features commonly found in source domain news using advanced deep learning models. We transfer these features associated with the source domain to augment fake content detection in three target domains: political news, financial news, and online reviews. We show that domain invariant linguistic features learned from a source domain with abundant labeled examples can effectively improve fake content detection in a target domain with very few or highly unbalanced labeled data. We further show that these linguistic features offer the most value when the level of transferability between source and target domains is relatively high. Our study sheds light on the platform operation in managing online content and resources when applying machine learning for fake content detection. We also outline a modular architecture that can be adopted in developing content screening tools in a wide spectrum of fields.
Identification and characterization of Cladosporium species associated with tea plants (Camellia sinensis) in China
Authors: Lv Wuyun , Yu Yating , Zhong Xiaofang , Lin Yaxuan , Guo Guiyi , Wang Yuchun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is widely cultivated worldwide as one of the most popular non‐alcoholic beverage crops. Cladosporium, the dominant endophytic genus of leaves, possesses a variety of biotransformation and metabolic abilities to promote the accumulation of secondary metabolites. However, Cladosporium species in tea leaves remain unexplored. In this study, a total of 79 Cladosporium isolates were obtained from the leaves of several tea varieties in China. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics revealed six known species, namely, C. angulosum, C. anthropophilum, C. halotolerans, C. perangustum, C. tenuissimum and C. xanthochromaticum, and one novel species named C. camelliae. C. angulosum was the most dominant species, and the other six species were newly recorded in tea plants. Pathogenicity tests showed no obvious symptoms of disease in tea leaves caused by 13 representative strains of these seven Cladosporium species. Subsequently, three frequently used fungicides were tested, including chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin and thiophanate‐methyl. The EC50 values against C. tenuissimum were 19.14, 0.548 and 3.796 μg/mL, respectively. Based on these EC50 values, the inhibition effects of the three fungicides on six strains from six species (C. angulosum, C. anthropophilum, C. camelliae, C. perangustum, C. tenuissimum and C. xanthochromaticum) were further compared. Pyraclostrobin had the strongest inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of Cladosporium, followed by thiophanate‐methyl, and chlorothalonil showed the weakest inhibitory effect. The results provide a basis for understanding endophytic Cladosporium fungi in tea leaves.
Public administration in disasters: Integrating emergency management into jail and prison preparedness
Authors: Dement Carl E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractJail and prison administrators have historically struggled to prepare for and respond to disasters. State and county Emergency Managers, as public administrators, are responsible for coordinating preparedness to mitigate disaster impacts. The author used 41 qualitative interviews with emergency management and corrections professionals to assess the extent to which these two collaborate for carceral disaster readiness. The findings indicate that Emergency Managers omit local jails and prisons from their planning, training, and exercises. Additionally, neither sees the other as a legitimate partner in disaster preparedness. This forces corrections professionals to face disasters without the aid of emergency management experts thereby exposing inmates, staff, and the public to greater risk.
Influence of external authorities on collaborative frictions
Authors: Zhao Chenlin , Wang XiaoHu , Cheung Peter T. Y. , Xu Jingyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhen institutional frictions threaten to disrupt collaborations, an external authority can be brought in to resolve disputes. How effective is such external imposition? What are the institutional circumstances in which it works? Framed by the collaborative governance regime (CGR), which sees established procedures and institutions as a critical collaborative capacity, this research employs a unique concept—collaborative friction—to explore the role of external imposition in collaboration among entities with significant institutional differences. We examined 965 recorded collaborative frictions from four large collaborative infrastructure projects between governments in Hong Kong and mainland China. Our finding suggests a significant, but limited, effect of the central government's imposition on collaborative frictions. We also find a significant role of sociopolitical circumstances in collaboration. Based on the findings, we make several theoretical propositions articulating external imposition's role in collaboration.