bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An unprecedented photocatalytic architecture for benchmarking hydrogen production from methanol
Authors: Li Jinglin , Sheng Bowen , Chen Yiqing , Yang Jiajia , wang ping , Li Yixin , Yu Tianqi , Pan Hu , Song Jun , Zhu Lei , Wang Xinqiang , Ma Tao , ZHOU BAOWEN 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
On-site hydrogen production from liquid organic hydrogen carriers e.g., methanol provides a disruptive strategy for the safe storage and transportation of hydrogen, thus promising to break the bottleneck of widely utilizing hydrogen as a global energy. Herein, we report an unprecedented photocatalytic architecture consisting of nickel-cobalt nanoclusters dispersed on gallium nitride nanowires for efficient and durable hydrogen production from methanol. By correlative microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations, as well as density functional theory calculations, it is revealed that NiCo nanoclusters work in synergy with GaN nanowires for hydrogen production from methanol with a significantly reduced reaction energy barrier. Together with the distinguished optoelectronic attributes, a benchmarking hydrogen evolution rate of 19.1 mol·gcat-1·h-1 with a prominent turnover frequency of 43460 mol H2 per mol NiCo per hour is achieved under concentrated light of 5 W·cm-2 without any extra energies. Remarkably, the synergy between Co and Ni, in combination with the unique surface of GaN, renders the architecture with outstanding resistance to sintering and coking. The architecture thereby exhibits a record-high turnover number of >16,310,000 mol hydrogen per mol NiCo over an ultra-long operation testing of 600 h. Outdoor testing validates the superior viability of the architecture for efficient and durable hydrogen evolution under natural concentrated sunlight. Overall, this work presents an unprecedented photocatalytic architecture for exceptional on-site hydrogen production from liquid organic hydrogen carriers e.g., CH3OH using virtually unlimited solar energy.
The Fate of Sugarcane Shoot Borer Scirpophaga excerptalis Natural Infestation on Sugarcane Varieties: The Role of Predatory Ants
Authors: Nurindah Nurindah , Sunarto Dwi Adi , Yulianti Titiek , Hidayah Nurul , Sujak Sujak , Wijaya Kristiana Sri , Rizali Akhmad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

In Indonesian sugarcane plantations, the infestation severity by the sugarcane shoot borer, Scirpophaga excerptalis, depends on the sugarcane variety and the presence of natural enemies. However, evaluating the resistance of sugarcane cultivars to borer infestations typically involves artificial infestations and laboratory assays that do not take into account the role of natural enemies, especially predatory ants, as a significant factor in the borer larvae's mortality. The predatory ants associated with sugarcane plants could prey on the shoot borer neonate larvae before the larvae reach the growth point of the sugarcane and cause damage. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of predatory ants on the natural infestation of sugarcane top borer across five varieties of sugarcane, thereby filling a void in the current research concerning the screening of shoot-borer resistance. The study was conducted in sugarcane plantation at Asembagus, East Java, Indonesia. The symptoms of shoot borer infestation on leaves and dead hearts, as well as the number of predatory ants on the sample units were recorded. Top borer infestations varied in intensity across all five sugarcane varieties. Predatory ants and the survival rate of S. excerptalis neonate larvae were closely correlated. Among the five sugarcane varieties, BL had the lowest number of predatory ants and was the most favorable environment for top borer neonate larvae. Predatory ants play a significant role in determining the fate of the shoot borer on sugarcane plants and provide insight into a variety's susceptibility.
Super-enhancer-driven ITGA6 enhances stemness features of squamous cell carcinoma through stabilizing c-myc protein
Authors: Xiang Bo , Liu Ying , Hu Meng , Cai Jing , Chen Quanzhu , Chen Pan , Zeng Zhaoyang , Li Guiyuan , Xiong Wei , Fan Songqing , Li Xiayu , Yi Mei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is life-threatening malignancy. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with SCCs initiation, metastasis, therapy resistance, and relapse. Acquisition of super enhancer is a cause of hyper-activation of oncogenes in cancer, contributing to tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, we found disruption of SEs-associated transcription by BRD4 inhibitors JQ1 and I-BET151 inhibited the stemness features of SCC cells. Combined analysis with transcriptomics alterations induced by treatments of BRD4 inhibitors and SEs profile of SCC cells identified SEs-driven oncogenes in SCC cells. Among these SEs-driven oncogenes, ITGA6 (Integrin subunit α6) was highly expressed in SCC samples and predicted unfavorable prognosis in SCC patients. The ΔNp63α, a lineage-survival oncogene in SCC, enriched at ITGA6-SEs and was responsible for the activation of ITGA6-SEs. Silencing of ITGA6 substantially impeded the stemness features in vitro, as well as reduced thenumber of tumor-initiating cells of SCC in vivo. Mechanistically, silencing of ITGA6 resulted in the degradation of c-Myc protein via upregulation of an E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO32. Furthermore, we demonstrated silencing of ITGA6 promoted nuclear translocation of YAP1, which facilitated TEAD1-mediated transcription of FBXO32 in SCC cells. Thus, our data suggested ITGA6 contributes to maintaining stemness features of SCC through a YAP1/FBXO32/c-myc cascade, providing a therapeutic target for eliminating cancer stem cells.
Two-stage Augmentation for Detecting Malignancy of BI-RADS 3 Lesions in Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Tian Huanhuan , Cai Li , Gui Yu , Cai Zhigang , Han Xianfeng , Liao Jianwei , Chen Li , Wang Yi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In view of inherent attributes of breast BI-RADS 3, benign and malignant lesions are with a subtle difference and the imbalanced ratio (with a very small part of malignancy). The objective of this study is to improve the detection rate of BI-RADS 3 malignant lesions on breast ultrasound (US) images using deep convolution networks.
Methods
In the study, 1,275 lesions out of 1,096 patients were included from Southwest Hospital (SW) and Tangshan Hospital (TS). In which, 629 lesions, 218 lesions and 428 lesions were utilized for the development dataset, the internal and external testing set. All lesions were confirmed with ground truth of three-year follow-up benign or biopsy benign/malignancy, and each lesion had both B-mode and color Doppler images. We proposed a two-step augmentation method, covering malignancy feature augmentation and data augmentation, and further verified the feasibility of our augmentation method on a dual-branches ResNet50 classification model named Dual-ResNet50. We conducted a comparative analysis between our model and four radiologists in breast imaging diagnosis.
Results
After malignancy feature and data augmentations, our model achieved a high area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.881(95% CI: 0.830-0.921), the sensitivity of 77.8% (14/18), in the SW test set, and an AUC of 0.880 (95% CI: 0.847-0.910), a sensitivity of 71.4% (5/7) in the TS test set. In the comparison set, our model outperformed four radiologists with more than 10-years of diagnosis experience. Our method improved the cancer detection rate of BI-RADS 3 lesions, thereby aiding in a timely adjustment of subsequent treatment for these patients in the early stage.
Conclusions
The results demonstrated that our proposed augmentation method can help the deep learning (DL) classification model to improve the breast cancer detection rate in BI-RADS 3 lesions.
Deforestation limits evolutionary rescue under climate change in Amazonian lizards
Authors: Azevedo Josué , Faurby Søren , Colli Guarino R. , Antonelli Alexandre , Werneck Fernanda P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The impact of climate change on biodiversity is often analyzed under a stable evolutionary lens, thereby overlooking the adaptive potential of species. Evolutionary rescue, a process where adaptive genetic variation spreads across populations in response to changing climates, can provide an alternative outlook. Here, we combine genomic data, niche modeling, and landscape ecology to predict range shifts and evaluate the potential for evolutionary rescue for a widely distributed Amazonian whiptail lizard (Kentropyx calcarata). Our results show a high potential for evolutionary rescue that could buffer extinction risk if forest cover is maintained and climate change is not extreme. However, with extreme climate change, significant range loss in central and southern Amazonia will occur regardless of deforestation levels. This underlines the importance of both protecting the Amazonian rainforest from further deforestation and mitigating climate change to facilitate evolutionary rescue and prevent substantial biodiversity loss.
Characterizing diploid and tetraploid potato cultivars with reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Marín-Ortiz Juan Carlos , Hoyos-Carvajal Lilliana María , Botero-Fernández Verónica , Córdoba-Gaona Oscar de Jesús , Barrera-Sanchez Carlos Felipe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Characterizing potato cultivars provides information for diagnosing the needs of specific production and management. Techniques that enable rapid, objective, and low-cost identification of various aspects of plant physiology are important to producing this information. This study aimed to identify potato cultivars during three phenological phases using reflectance spectroscopy in the visible and near-infrared ranges. Reflectance spectra were measured using a portable spectrometer from leaves of five potato cultivars. Classification models were made to obtain the percentages of correct classification for each cultivar and phenological stage. General patterns in the reflectance spectra were obtained that were similar for all five cultivars in the measured range, with reflectance around 5% in the green region during the vegetative phase, decreasing slightly during the flowering phase and increasing up to 12% during the senescence phase. A decrease from 50–30% in reflectance was recorded in the measured NIR range during flowering with a variable increase that depended on the cultivar towards senescence. The identified wavelengths allowed the plants of each cultivar to be classified during the vegetative, flowering, and senescence phases, with correct classification rates of 87% for Var Paola, 96% for Var Paysandú, 93% for Var Violeta, and 100% for varieties 448 and 440. Var Paola obtained higher percentages of correct classification with values between 85% for Paysandú and Violeta, 90% for cv 440, and 100% for cv 448. The characterization of potato cultivars with spectroscopy techniques provides information that can be used as a basic input in precision agriculture systems.
The ecological corridor as a strategy for connectivity between Atlantic Forest fragments in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Vieira Micleia Nascimento , de Ramos Escarlett Arruda , Lopes Elfany Reis do Nascimento 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Atlantic Forest, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, is a fragmented hotspot that faces challenges in order to overcome environmental degradation. Ecological connectivity is one strategy that may mitigate environmental impacts. The objective of the study was to develop a spatial proposal for an ecological corridor between the forest fragment of the UFSB Sosigenes Costa University Campus, the private Natural Heritage Reserve Estação Veracel and the Pau Brasil National Park, as well as understand the mechanisms for the implementation of an ecological corridor that involves different government sectors in possible public-private support strategies. The topographic, socioeconomic, ecological and legal characteristics were evaluated in a geographic information system. Using the minimum cost method, the potential areas were modeled for a spatial mapping of connectivity between the areas. The proposed corridor has a length of 9.78 km, a width of 978.70 m and a total area of 942.70 ha. Due to a predominance of anthropogenic activities, mitigation strategies would be required for its implementation. Public-private partnerships can promote forest connectivity and mitigate threats to the stability of local ecosystems, inside and outside of conservation units, and permanent preservation areas should be prioritized as a source of forest connectivity.
Including Tumor Size Improves Ability of CA 19-9 to Predict Survival in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma After Resection with Perioperative Chemotherapy
Authors: Said Sayf A. , Perlmutter Breanna C. , Wehrle Chase J , Chang Jenny , Hossain Mir Shanaz , Naffouje Samer , BCh Daniel Joyce MB , Simon Robert , Walsh R. Matthew , Augustin Toms 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and Objective:
Five-year survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is less than 20%. While previous studies have postulated that a Carbohydrate Antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9) threshold could predict outcome of resection, the role for CA19-9 in decision-making remains unclear. This study aims to assess whether CA19-9 levels combined with tumor size improve prediction of post-resection survival.
Method:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 109 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent perioperative chemotherapy followed by resection. The primary outcome of mortality was, divided into short (< 1year) or prolonged (> 2years). Univariate and multivariable analyses compared the tumor size-adjusted CA19-9 between the outcome groups.
Results:
Twenty-seven (24.78%) and eighty-two (75.23%) patients were in the short-survival and prolonged-survival groups, respectively. The mean CA19-9 was significantly greater in the short versus prolonged group (P < 0.001). Analyzing CA19-9 level by tumor size, the association of high CA19-9 and short survival was significant for small (≤ 2cm) and large tumor (> 4cm), but not for intermediate-size tumors (2-4cm). Adjusting for preoperative variable did not change this association.
Conclusion:
CA 19 − 9 in combination with tumor size better identifies patients with prolonged post-resection survival. This prediction is most accurate in patients with either small (≤ 2cms) or large (> 4cms) tumors compared to intermediate size tumors.
Therapeutic effects of Salvadora persica extracts against Sarcoptes scabiei var. Hominis and their Secondary Infections
Authors: Shahid Abbas , Arif Amina , Ejaz Umer , Amin Zeemal Seemab , Mansoor Sajid , Usman Hafiz Muhammad , Naeem Mehwish 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSalvadora persica, commonly recognized as the Miswak tree, happens in shrub savannah. From northwestern areas. The current evaluation gives a complete summary of the chemical materials and organic results (antibacterial and anti-parasitic specially scabies) of this species.To examine the qualitative and quantitative analyses of methanolic and ethanolic extracts to screen the phytochemical contents, sulfur containing compound present inSalvadora persicaagainst secondary bacterial infection of scabies. Numerous compounds were discovered using GCMS analysis, biological activities, Molecular docking and anti-bacterial activity of leaf extracts. It contributes to widespread disease brought on by secondary infections and post-infectious conditions such acute post-streptococcalglomerulonephritis Sarcoptic scabies mites' variant Hominis can be killed by sulfur-containing compounds. The extract of the particular elements that have an effect against scabies and the subsequent bacterial infection inside the single dose. They can protect against secondary bacterial scabies infections. The potential interaction and binding affinity between ligands2-(2 Methyl vinyl) thiophene,Benzene, (Isothiocyanatomethyl)andBenzyl Nitrileand protein (3h7t) were analyzed by Auto dockvina. The ligand tended to bind with the binding energy − 4.3kcal/mol, -5.4kcal/mol and − 5.7kcal/mol respectively.
Quantitative visualization of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion-induced cardiac lesions via ferroptosis magnetic particle imaging
Authors: Long Linzi , Yang Wenwen , Wang Yueqi , Fu Changgeng , Li Changjian , Feng Feng , Li Hongzheng , Tan Ling , Qu Hua , Hui Hui , Wang Jingjing , Tian Jie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In clinical practice, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) is widely used for the treatment of myocardial infarction, but reperfusion may cause secondary damage to the myocardium. The early stages of MI/R lesions are associated with ferroptosis, however, in vivo, noninvasive visualization of ferroptosis in MI/R using molecular imaging methods remains difficult. We report an Fe3O4-based probe for magnetic nanoparticle imaging of ferroptosis (feMPI) by exploiting transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) as a typical biomarker. The feMPI, based on the TfR1-targeting and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) dual-targeted probe, detects cardiac injury ~48 h in advance and quantitatively determines damage degree during post-MI/R ventricular remodeling, as compared to existing clinical imaging detection methods. This new imaging strategy compensated for the difficulty in detecting I/R damage during cardiac remodeling. These findings are notably consistent with the commonly used clinical biochemical indicators in the early stage of MI/R. In addition, optical and MI/R imaging was integrated as a multimodal to precisely monitor the occurrence and development of MI/R-induced cardiac injury. This study proposes a powerful imaging-effect-based feMPI strategy for the precise assessment of MI/R-induced cardiac injury, which may help elucidate diagnostic methods for ferroptosis-related heart diseases.
Construction and validation of a predictive model for the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly in China
Authors: Li Qiugui , Cheng Hongtao , Wei Jingjing , Tao Shengru , Yang Tao , Cen Wenjiao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related disease that can cause a range of adverse health-related outcomes in the elderly and an increased risk of death in the short term in those with severe sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a predictive model for the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly in China.
Methods
This study used the data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a high-quality microdata representing households and individuals aged 45 years and older in China. Sixty-five indicators, including sociodemographic, health-related and biochemical indicators, were analyzed in this study.
Results
A total of 3454 older adults from the 2015 CHARLS database were included in the final analysis. A total of 997 (28.8%) had symptoms of sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Sex, BMI, MSBP, MDBP and Pain were predictors of sarcopenia in the elderly. These factors were used to construct the Nomogram model, which had good consistency and accuracy. The AUC value of the prediction model in the training set was 0.77 (95% CI = 0.75-0.7901); The AUC value in the validation set was 0.76 (95%CI = 0.7287–0.7904). Hosmer-Lemeshow test values were P = 0.5041 and P = 0.2668 respectively (P > 0.05). The calibration curves showed a significant agreement between the nomogram model and the actual observations. ROC and DCA showed that the nomogram had good predictive performance..
Conclusion
The prediction model of the risk of sarcopenia in Chinese elderly people constructed in this study has a certain predictive effect, and can provide a reference for early screening and intervention by clinical staff.
An optimized calculation method of the grinding wheel profile for the helical flute grinding
Authors: Jiang Lei , Yang Zhihui , Li Yong , Ding Guofu , He Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Forming grinding process is a crucial method for grinding the helical flute of end mills, and the calculation of the grinding wheel profile is the key to ensure the precision of the helical flute, which is constrained by grinding wheel posture and helical flute profile. However, the current calculation method has not done enough research on the estimation of the feasibility and validity of the grinding wheel profile, which could lead to contradiction between theoretical calculations and practical application. In this paper, an optimized calculation method of the grinding wheel profile for the helical flute forming grinding is proposed, which includes the calculation, analysis and optimization process. Firstly, the parameters of the helical cutting edge and the flute surface are defined, and accurate geometrical models are established. Secondly, the contact condition between the grinding wheel and the flute surface is deduced to calculate the grinding wheel profile by the envelop theory. Thirdly, an optimization method, including profile optimization and grinding wheel wear optimization, is proposed for the calculation of the grinding wheel profile. Finally, the method is verified by simulation machining and the results show that the method can improve the grinding precision and expand the application range of forming grinding technology in helical flute grinding.
Evaluation of Potato Varieties Rooted Shoot Tip Cuttings as Influenced by IBA Growth Regulator for Transplant Survival and Tuber Production in Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Yayeh Shege Getu , Mohammed Wassu , Woldetsadk Kebede , Bezu Tewodros , Dessalegn Yigzaw , Asredie Semagn 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Potato is food security crop. However, in northwestern Ethiopia, the productivity is low due to a shortage of quality seed tubers. Therefore, to solve this problem, an alternative seed production system is needed. Thus, an experiment was conducted to assess the shoot tip cuttings of potato varieties for transplant survival, establishment, and tuber production under field conditions during the 2022 cropping season at Adet agricultural research center, northwestern Ethiopia. The treatments consisted of eight potato varieties (Belete, Gudine, Jalane, Shonkola, Gussa, Gera, Dagim, and Ater Abeba) and four rates of IBA concentration (0 ppm, 3000 ppm, 6000 ppm, and 9000 ppm). The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement using randomized complete block design with three replications. Transplant survival, establishment, and tuber production data were collected and analyzed. Results of main effects of variety and IBA significantly influenced analyzed data .The highest number of tubers (8.6) was registered from Belete treated at 6000 ppm IBA while the highest average tuber weight (136.08 g) was produced by variety Shenkolla not treated with IBA. Gera gave the highest tuber weight per plant (691.52g) and the highest yield (25.74 tons ha− 1) Similarly, IBA concentration of 6000 ppm gave the highest yield (19.16 tons ha-1). The experiment results suggested that rooted shoot tip cuttings of varieties Beleete, Gudenie, Gusa, Dagim, and Ater Abeba treated at 6000 ppm IBA concentration, Jalenie and Shonkolla treated at 3000 ppm IBA concentration, and Gera treated at 9000 ppm IBA concentration showed better results.