bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life in endometrial cancer survivors by grade of disease
Authors: Banning K. , Fucinari J. , Fielder A. , Ruterbusch J. J. , Beebe‐Dimmer J. L. , Schwartz A. G. , Wallbillich J. J. , Cote M. L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, with overall incidence increasing, particularly high‐grade disease. There is sparse information regarding quality of life (QOL) in EC survivors with a focus on grade of disease.MethodsA total of 259 women with EC diagnosed between 2016 and 2020 were identified via the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System and consented to enroll in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors cohort study (if African American, n = 138) or completed the baseline interview (if non‐Hispanic white, n = 121). Each respondent provided information about their health history, educational attainment, health behaviors, and demographics. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General (FACT‐G) and Endometrial‐specific (FACT‐En) were used to assess QOL.ResultsWomen diagnosed with high‐grade (n = 112) and low‐grade (n = 147) EC participated in this study. EC survivors with high‐grade disease reported significantly lower QOL compared to survivors with low‐grade disease (85 vs. 91, respectively, p value = 0.025) as assessed by the FACT‐G. This difference was driven by lower physical and functional subscales among women with high‐grade disease compared to those with low‐grade disease (p value = 0.016 and p = 0.028, respectively). Interestingly, EC‐specific QOL measures, as assessed by the FACT‐En, did not differ by grade.ConclusionGrade of disease impacts QOL in EC survivors, as well as socioeconomic, psychological, and physical factors. Most of these factors are amenable to interventions and should be assessed in patients after an EC diagnosis.
Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress is associated with the anti‐tumor activity of monepantel across cancer types
Authors: Harris Tiffany J. , Liao Yang , Shi Wei , Evangelista Marco , Pal Bhupinder , Puthalakath Hamsa , Aston Roger , Mollard Richard , Mariadason John M. , Lee Erinna F. , Fairlie Walter D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMonepantel is an anti‐helminthic drug that also has anti‐cancer properties. Despite several studies over the years, the molecular target of monepantel in mammalian cells is still unknown, and its mechanism‐of‐action is not fully understood, though effects on cell cycle, mTOR signalling and autophagy have been implicated.MethodsViability assays were performed on >20 solid cancer cell cells, and apoptosis assays were performed on a subset of these, including 3D cultures. Genetic deletion of BAX/BAK and ATG were used to establish roles of apoptosis and autophagy in killing activity. RNA‐sequencing was performed on four cell lines after monepantel treatment, and differentially regulated genes were confirmed by Western blotting.ResultsWe showed that monepantel has anti‐proliferative activity on a broad range of cancer cell lines. In some, this was associated with induction of apoptosis which was confirmed using a BAX/BAK‐deficient cell line. However, proliferation is still inhibited in these cells following monepantel treatment, indicating cell‐cycle disruption as the major anti‐cancer effect. Previous studies have also indicated autophagic cell death occurs following monepantel treatment. We showed autophagy induction in multiple cell lines; however, deletion of a key autophagy regulator ATG7 had minimal impact on monepantel’s anti‐proliferative activity, suggesting autophagy is associated with, but not required for its anti‐tumour effects. Transcriptomic analysis of four cell lines treated with monepantel revealed downregulation of many genes involved in the cell cycle, and upregulation of genes linked to ATF4‐mediated ER stress responses, especially those involved in amino‐acid metabolism and protein synthesis.ConclusionsAs these outcomes are all associated with mTOR signalling, cell cycle and autophagy, we now provide a likely triggering mechanism for the anti‐cancer activity of monepantel.
Long non‐coding RNAs regulate treatment outcome in leukemia: What have we learnt recently?
Authors: Shi Huiping , Gao Liang , Zhang Weili , Jiang Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLeukemia is a group of highly heterogeneous and life‐threatening blood cancers that originate from abnormal hematopoietic stem cells. Multiple treatments are approved for leukemia, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. Unfortunately, therapeutic resistance occurs in a substantial proportion of patients and greatly compromises the treatment efficacy of leukemia, resulting in relapse and mortality. The abnormal activity of receptor tyrosine kinases, cell membrane transporters, intracellular signal transducers, transcription factors, and anti‐apoptotic proteins have been shown to contribute to the emergence of therapeutic resistance. Despite these findings, the exact mechanisms of treatment resistance are still not fully understood, which limits the development of effective measures to overcome it. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNA) are a class of regulatory molecules that are gaining increasing attention, and lncRNA‐mediated regulation of therapeutic resistance against multiple drugs for leukemia is being revealed. These dysregulated lncRNAs not only serve as potential targets to reduce resistance but also might improve treatment response prediction and individualized treatment decision. Here, we summarize the recent findings on lncRNA‐mediated regulation of therapeutic resistance in leukemia and discuss future perspectives on how to make use of the dysregulated lncRNAs in leukemia to improve treatment outcome.
Identification of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone: Results of a retrospective study
Authors: Han Yi‐min , Qi Wei‐xiang , Wang Shu‐bei , Cao Wei‐guo , Chen Jia‐yi , Cai Gang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) appears in a few clinical studies as an alternative to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) in selected patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of nCT with or without nCRT in patients with LARC and to identify patients who may be suitable for nCT alone.Materials and MethodsA total of 155 patients with LARC who received neoadjuvant treatment (NT) were retrospectively analysed from January 2016 to June 2021. The patients were divided into two groups: nCRT (n = 101) and nCT (n = 54). More patients with locally advanced disease (cT4, cN+ and magnetic resonance imaging‐detected mesorectal fascia [mrMRF] positive [+]) were found in the nCRT group. Patients in the nCRT group received a dose of 50 Gy/25 Fx irradiation with concurrent capecitabine, and the median number of nCT cycles was two. In the nCT group, the median number of cycles was four.ResultsThe median follow‐up duration was 30 months. The pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in the nCRT group was significantly higher than that in the nCT group (17.5% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.047). A significant difference was observed in the locoregional recurrence rate (LRR); 6.9% in the nCRT group and 16.7% in the nCT group (p = 0.011). Among patients with initial mrMRF (+) status, the LRR in the nCRT group was significantly lower than that in the nCT group (6.1% vs. 20%, p = 0.007), but not in patients with initial mrMRF negative (−) (10.5% in each group, p = 0.647). Compared with the nCT group, a lower LRR was observed in patients in the nCRT group with initial mrMRF (+) converted to mrMRF (−) after NT (5.3% vs. 23%, p = 0.009). No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding acute toxicity and overall and progression‐free survivals. Multivariate analysis showed that nCRT and ypN stage were independent prognostic factors for the development of LRR.ConclusionPatients with initial mrMRF (−) may be suitable for nCT alone. However, patients with initial mrMRF (+) converted to mrMRF (−) after nCT are still at high risk of LRR, and radiotherapy is recommended. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
Characteristics and research status among clinical trials in cardio‐oncology by bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Lini Liu , Rong Xu , Wei Huang , Xia Guo , Huayan Xu , Linjun Xie , Hongding Zhang , Gao Ju , Chao Lin , Yingkun Guo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aim to establish the characteristics of published cardio‐oncology research of clinical trials by bibliometric analysis and to talk about the prospects and difficulties facing the development of cardio‐oncology.MethodsSearch of data related to clinical trials in cardiac oncology from 1990 to 2022 from the Web of Science core collection. Using CiteSpace to perform co‐citation analysis of authors, countries (regions) and institutions, journals and cited journals, cited authors and cited literature, and keywords.ResultsOf the 607 clinical trial studies, the number of papers published per year has increased over time. The regions with the greatest influence were North America (especially the United States) and Europe. Multicenter research has always been the focus of cardio‐oncology research, but cross‐regional cooperation was still lacking. Myocardial toxicity caused by anthracyclines has received the earliest attention and has been studied for the longest time. Meanwhile, the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of new anticancer drugs always came into focus, but at a slow pace. Few studies on myocardial toxicity were related to the treatment of tumors except breast cancer. Risk factors, heart disease, adverse outcomes, follow‐up, and intervention protection were the major hotspots revealed by co‐citation cluster.ConclusionsThere is great potential for the development of clinical trials in cardio‐oncology, especially in multicenter cooperation across different regions. Expansion of tumor types, myocardial toxicity of different drugs, and effective interventions in the research direction and design of clinical trials are necessary.
Study on Chemical Components from Derris taiwaniana and Their Lung Epithelial Cell Protect Effects
Authors: Sun Fuxin , Ma Wenjing , Chen Yuhan , Chen Gang , Zhou Di , Li Ning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ethanol extract of roots of Derris taiwaniana gave two undescribed compounds, 3,3′‐dimethoxy‐5′‐hydroxystilbene‐4‐O‐β‐apiofuranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1) and 4′,5‐dihydroxy‐3′‐methoxyisoflavone‐7‐O‐β‐apiofuranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), along with thirty known components. Among them, compounds 14, 16–17, 23, 26–32 were isolated from this genus for the first time. Their structures were established based on physico‐chemical properties and spectroscopic data, the lung epithelial cell protective effects were evaluated using NNK‐induced MLE‐12 cells. Among them, 2α,3α‐epoxy‐5,7,3′,4′‐tetrahydroxyflavan‐(4β‐8‐catechin) (30) showed the best significant protective effect, speculated to be the key component of D. taiwaniana that plays a protective role in lung epithelial cells.
Fungal‐Based Biorefinery: From Renewable Resources to Organic Acids
Authors: Varriale Ludovica , Ulber Roland 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiorefineries are facilities in which lignocellulosic biomasses are converted in a wide range of bioproducts facilitating the transition from the use of petrochemical resources to renewable ones. Organic acids are considered very attractive for their utilization in different industrial areas as building blocks or as final bioproducts leading to a considerable market growth. They are metabolites which are naturally produced by microbials. The production of these molecules by filamentous fungi are attracting more attention due to their ability to hydrolyze lignocellulosic biomasses and to contextually produce different organic acids. Contrarily to a lot of other microorganisms, fungi have the ability to ferment pentoses, broadening the substrate utilization. The integrated use of lignocellulosic biomasses as material input and fungi as biocatalyst can contribute to make biorefineries more successful. This review gives an overview about the lignocellulosic biomass structure and hydrolysis, fungal morphology, and how they are connected. Further, it describes some relevant organic acids with regard to their processes, biocatalysts, industrial applications, and market considerations.
Regulation of Active ZnO Species on Si‐based Supports with Diverse Textural Properties for Efficient Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Yang Fuwen , Zhang Jie , Shi Zongbo , Chen Jinwei , Wang Gang , Zhao Junyu , Zhuo Runsheng , Wang Ruilin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPropylene is deemed as a kind of key raw materials with significant value in industrial production. Highly dispersed Zn species are served as active sites in catalyzing propane dehydrogenation reaction (PDH). More importantly, the morphology and textural properties of Si‐based support exert the great influence on the formation of active Zn species. Herein, active Zn species were dispersed on macroporous commercial SiO2, mesoporous siliceous materials (SBA‐15, MCF, DMSN, KIT‐6), and microporous silicalite‐1 (S‐1), respectively. Characterization result indicated that the dispersed active ZnO species were prone to be formed on S‐1, which could be attributed to the confinement effect of micropores in S‐1 and the abundant Si‐OH groups interacted with Zn2+ species. As a result, the optimal ZnOA/S‐1 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity (propane conversion of 40.4 %, propylene selectivity of 96.0 %, 550 °C, WHSV=0.47 h−1) during PDH process. Furthermore, the relatively considerable performance of ZnOA/S‐1 catalysts could help to offer a guidance on the design of efficient and low‐cost catalysts for PDH reaction.
KLF2 inhibits colorectal cancer progression and metastasis by inducing ferroptosis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Li Jia , Jiang Ji Ling , Chen Yi Mei , Lu Wei Qi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKrüppel‐like factor 2 (KLF2) belongs to the zinc finger family and is thought to be a tumor suppressor gene due to its low expression in various cancer types. However, its functional role and molecular pathway involvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well defined. Herein, we investigated the potential mechanism of KLF2 in CRC cell invasion, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). We utilized the TCGA and GEPIA databases to analyze the expression of KLF2 in CRC patients and its correlation with different CRC stages and CRC prognosis. RT‐PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry assays were used to measure KLF2 expression. Gain‐of‐function assays were performed to evaluate the role of KLF2 in CRC progression. Moreover, mechanistic experiments were conducted to investigate the molecular mechanism and involved signaling pathways regulated by KLF2. Additionally, we also conducted a xenograft tumor assay to evaluate the role of KLF2 in tumorigenesis. KLF2 expression was low in CRC patient tissues and cell lines, and low expression of KLF2 was associated with poor CRC prognosis. Remarkably, overexpressing KLF2 significantly inhibited the invasion, migration, and EMT capabilities of CRC cells, and tumor growth in xenografts. Mechanistically, KLF2 overexpression induced ferroptosis in CRC cells by regulating glutathione peroxidase 4 expression. Moreover, this KLF2‐dependent ferroptosis in CRC cells was mediated by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway that resulted in the suppression of invasion, migration, and EMT of CRC cells. We report for the first time that KLF2 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC by inducing ferroptosis via inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thus providing a new direction for CRC prognosis assessment and targeted therapy.
Persistence in allergen immunotherapy: A longitudinal, prescription data‐based real‐world analysis
Authors: Pfaar Oliver , Richter Hartmut , Sager Angelika , Miller Christoph , Müller Thomas , Jutel Marek 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a widespread disease with increasing prevalence in developed countries. The only treatment that tackles the underlying causes is allergen immunotherapy (AIT). This treatment is performed through two application routes, the subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) or the sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). However, persistence during the long course of treatment over 3 years is key for the efficacy of this treatment option. The impaired adherence significantly impacts public health resources. The aim of this study was to assess the persistence of AIT for both application routes.MethodsIQVIATM LRx was used to identify patients starting AIT between 2009 and 2018 with grass pollen (GP), early flowering tree pollen (EFTP) and house dust mite (HDM) allergens. Patients were classified within each allergen category by AIT groups (subcutaneous depigmented polymerised allergen AIT [dSCIT], other subcutaneous AIT [oSCIT] and SLIT) and age (5‐11 years, 12‐17 years, 18+ years). Furthermore, they were followed up for up to 3 years until the cessation of treatment. Patients, who were still on treatment after 3 years were deemed to be censored. Kaplan‐Meier curves of persistence were generated and compared by log‐rank tests.ResultsThe number of patients included in the three allergen categories was 38,717 GP, 23,183 EFTP, and 41,728 HDM AIT. In all allergen categories and for any product group, patient persistence decreased with increasing age class with the difference between 5‐11 years and 12‐17 years greater than between the latter and 18+ years. The percentage of patients completing the first year of AIT was low, particularly for SLIT where 22.2%–27.1% of patients remained persistent after 12 months. The equivalent figures for dSCIT were 52.0%–64.1% and for oSCIT 38.3%–50.3%.ConclusionPersistence in AIT in AR was low in this retrospective prescription‐based database and was clearly linked to patient age and application route.
High‐performance graphics processing unit‐based strategy for tuning a unmanned aerial vehicle controller subject to time‐delay constraints
Authors: Fagundes‐Junior Leonardo , Canesche Michael , Ferreira Ricardo , Brandão Alexandre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently, high‐performance computing strategies have been implemented to improve performance analysis and reduce the development time of new solutions in robotic applications, such as path planning, machine learning, and vision, which require massive matrix computations. In this sense, this work aims to study the aerial robots' behavior during their mission execution. Due to the large search space in the set of parameter combinations and the high computational cost required to perform such an analysis after sequentially executing thousands of simulations, this work proposes an open‐source graphics processing unit (GPU)‐based implementation to simulate the robot behavior. A GPU‐accelerated flight route analysis for multi‐unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems is proposed for the tuning control problem in the parameters‘ space considering the problem of delay in sending information to a ground control station. Considering our implementation, the experimental results show a speedup up to 325, 629, and 5959 in comparison to the parallel version with 16 threads, C coder converter, and native Matlab code, respectively. The implementation is available in the Colab Google platform and it can easily be expanded for analyses involving larger amounts of different parameters, robot models, strategies, and controllers.
Biomass‐Derived Carbon‐Based Multicomponent Integration Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Guo Lu‐Yao , Li Jin‐Feng , Lu Zi‐Wei , Zhang Jia , He Chun‐Ting 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting powered by sustainable electricity is a crucial approach for the development of new generation green hydrogen technology. Biomass materials are abundant and renewable, and the application of catalysis can increase the value of some biomass waste and turn waste into fortune. Converting economical and resource‐rich biomass into carbon‐based multicomponent integrated catalysts (MICs) has been considered as one of the most promising ways to obtain inexpensive, renewable and sustainable electrocatalysts in recent years. In this review, recent advances in biomass‐derived carbon‐based MICs towards electrocatalytic water splitting are summarized, and the existing issues and key aspects in the development of these electrocatalysts are also discussed and prospected. The application of biomass‐derived carbon‐based materials will bring some new opportunities in the fields of energy, environment, and catalysis, as well as promote the commercialization of new nanocatalysts in the near future.
A multiphysical‐geochemical coupling model for caprock sealing efficiency in CO2 geosequestration
Authors: Wang Jianguo , Wang Huimin , Wang Xiaolin , Yang Shengqi , Wu Hongtao , Leung Chunfai , Tian Jiali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrecipitation or dissolution due to geochemical reactions has been observed in the caprocks for CO2 geosequestration. Geochemical reactions modify the caprock sealing efficiency with self‐limiting or self‐enhancement. However, the effect of this modification on the caprock sealing efficiency has not been fully investigated through multiphysical‐geochemical coupling analysis. In this study, a multiphysical‐geochemical coupling model was proposed to analyze caprock sealing efficiency. This coupling model considered the full couplings of caprock deformation, two‐phase flow, CO2 concentration diffusion, geochemical reaction, and CO2 sorption. The two‐phase flow only occurs in the fracture network and the CO2 may partially dissolve into water and diffuse through the concentration difference. The dissolved CO2 has geochemical reactions with some critical minerals, thus altering flow channels. The CO2 in the fracture network diffuses into matrix, causing the matrix swelling. This fully coupling model was validated with a penetration experiment on a cement cube and compared with two other models for CO2 storage plumes. Finally, the effects of geochemical reactions on penetration depth and pore pressure were studied through parametric study. The numerical simulations reveal that the coupling of geochemical reactions and matrix diffusion significantly affect the caprock sealing efficiency. Geochemical reactions occur at a short time after the arrival of CO2 concentration and modify the fracture porosity. The CO2 diffusion into the matrix requires a much longer time and mainly induces matrix swelling. These effects may produce self‐enhancement or self‐limiting depending on the flow rate in the fracture network, thus significantly modifying caprock sealing efficiency.