bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Possible Protective Effect of Resveratrol on Naphthalene Induced Nephrotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rat
Authors: Eltanany Mohammed Nabil , Hamid Hemmat Abdel Kader Abdel , Rofael Mervat Thabet , Sonbol Mohamed Mostafa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound that is extensively stemmed from grapes, berries, red wine, and peanut skins, is reported with its pharmacological activities against numerous cardiovascular and renal diseases, inflammation, anti-oxidation and cancers. Naphthalene (NA) is a common environmental hazardous contaminant and is abundant in tobacco smoking, in addition to various exposures.

Aim of Work
the aim of the present work was to study the possible protective effect of Resveratrol on Naphthalene induced nephrotoxicity in adult male albino rat.

Materials and Methods
36 Adult male albino rats were assigned randomly into three groups; control group, it was further subdivided into four subgroups (IA received no treatment, IB received Resveratrol 10 mg/kg/day, IC received corn oil 5 mg/kg/day and ID received Propylene glycol), NA group (rats received 200 mg/kg of NA dissolved in 5 ml/kg corn oil daily for four weeks, orally), and Resveratrol protected group (rats received Resveratrol dissolved in propylene glycol at a dose 10 mg/kg followed after 60 min with Naphthalene at a dose 200 mg/kg dissolved in 5 ml/kg corn oil daily for four weeks). At the end of experiment (30 days), rats were euthanized, and kidney specimens were processed into paraffin blocks for light microscopic examination. Morphometric study and statistical analysis were done.

Results
The present work demonstrated that NA induced several histopathological changes of the kidneys in terms of cortex and medulla. Distorted renal capsule, thickened glomerular basement membrane, scattered small-sized and hypercellular glomeruli with apoptotic cells and narrow Bowman’s spaces. Proximal tubules and the distal tubules showed markedly apoptotic epithelial lining with pyknotic nuclei, partial loss of brush borders, vacuolations and intra-tubular hyaline casts. Congested interstitial blood vessels, peri-vascular edema, massive inflammatory infiltrate and dense collagen distribution. Renal medulla showed collecting tubules with apoptotic epithelial lining with pyknotic nuclei and intratubular hyaline casts. Findings were demonstrated by histomorphometry. Resveratrol protected group showed histopathological findings significantly reduced compared with NA group. Reduced number of scattered small-sized glomeruli with less thickened glomerular basement membrane. The proximal tubules and distal tubules appeared with less apoptotic epithelial lining, fewer pyknotic nuclei and preserved brush borders and interstitium with fair collagen deposition. The medullary regions showed collecting tubules with mostly normal epithelial lining and reduced inflammatory infiltrate.

Conclusion
The present study demonstrated the deleterious effects of NA on the structure of the kidney. It also suggested the protective role of Resveratrol against the nephrotoxicity.
The Relationship between Visceral Adiposity Form of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Increased Epicardial Adipose Tissue Mass with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Hamed Ahmed S , Attia Sameh , Samir Hany , Zeidan Hanan H , Demerdash Salah E L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease is the largest cause of death in the world, and coronary artery disease (CAD) makes up the greatest proportion of those deaths that may enable more sensitive measures for risk stratification, or offer novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of coronary vascular disease.

Aim of the Work
to determine the association between visceral adiposity form of non-alcoholic fatty liver and increased Epicardial adipose tissue mass with coronary artery disease severity.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on fifty patients presented with signs and symptoms of coronary artery disease who were coming for elective coronary angiography at cardiovascular outpatient clinic in the internal medicine hospital, Ain Shams University from March 2018 to October 2018.

Results
In two patients with severe steatosis (Grade 3) the average thickness of long and short axes was detected 9.600 ± 0.141 mm. Average of 12 patients with no steatosis, Epicardial fat thickness was 6.323 ± 0.754 mm. In our study, Non critical coronary artery disease (below the 50% stenosis) was detected in eight patients (16 %). While critical coronary artery disease (Above the 50% stenosis) was detected in forty two patients (84%). According to the severity of coronary artery disease, in patients who do not have significant stenosis, EAT mean thickness was found 5.600± 0.400 mm measured. In patients with severe stenosis coronary artery disease, this value was measured as 7.857 ± 0.707 mm. In our study, Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia (represented by LDL-c) were found to have statistically significant relations and correlation with EAT, but it was found that there was no statistically significant relationship between NAFLD fibrosis scoring system and FIB-4 with CAD. In this study, it was found a statistically significant relationship between the severity of NAFLD and CAD and a similar relationship between EAT and CAD.

Conclusion
Epicardial fat deposition is part of the same metabolic disorders associated with the development of fatty liver in individuals with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. High EAT may represent a marker of the severity of visceral adiposity as well as an independent predictor of cardiovascular and coronaries diseases risk.
Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Post Exercise Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery in Patients with Impaired Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction after Recent Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mohamad Almoatasem , Karem Khalid , Khorshid Hazem 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Ischemic Heart diseases (IHD) are significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an estimated 9 million deaths each year. Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) is one of the most important and cost-effective aspects of secondary prevention in patients with IHD. Post-exercise Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery (SBPR) represents an important hemodynamic parameter that is associated with the risk and severity of ischemic artery disease and future cardiovascular events.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of CR on post-exercise SBPR in patients with Left Ventricular Ejection fraction less than 45% following a recent Myocardial Infarction.

Patients and Methods
this study included patients with Left Ventricular Ejection fraction less than 45% following a recent Myocardial Infarction, presenting to Cardiac Rehabilitation Units. the study included two groups of patients. Study group included Patients on optimal medical treatment who are attending CR sessions, and control group included patients on optimal medical treatment who refused or failed to attend more than 50% of cardiac rehabilitation sessions. SBPR was assessed in each patient before and after the CR program.

Results
When compared to baseline findings, both groups had statistically significant improvement in LVEF, resting SBP, recovery SBP value and HRR. However, CR group had better improvement in LVEF, lower Resting SBP, lower Peak SBP, Better SBP recovery ratio and better HRR outcomes when compared to the changes in the control group.

Conclusions
Cardiac Rehabilitation after recent Ischemic coronary artery event can provide significant improvement in Systolic blood pressure recovery and heart rate recovery which are important haemodynamic parameters that are associated with the significance and severity of future cardiovascular events.

Abbreviations
IHD: Ischemic Heart Disease; CR: Cardiac Rehabilitation; LVEF: Left Ventricular Ejection fraction; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure
The Relationship between Loading of a High Dose Atorvastatin and No Reflow in STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary PCI
Authors: Mohammed Amr Magdi , Kamal Bassam Sobhy , Fouad Khaled Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Worldwide, ischemic heart disease is the single most common cause of death and its frequency is increasing. STEMI is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease.

Aim of the Work
The aim of our study was to assess the impact of high dose atorvastatin loading before primary PCI in patients presenting with acute STEMI on No-reflow and MACE at 1 month follow up.

Patients and Methods
This is a randomized control clinical trial based at the coronary care units & coronary catheterization lab unit of the cardiology department in Ain Shams University Hospitals. Patients who presented, between April 2021 to October 2021, with STEMI and undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were allocated to the study and divided into 2 groups: Study group: received high intensity statin (80 mg of Atorvastatin) besides guideline recommended therapy before primary PCI, Control group: received guideline recommended therapy before primary PCI.

Results
Results for age, gender, hypertension, Diabetes and smoking did not show any statistical significance between the control and study groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in study group compared to control group in No-reflow (28% vs 47%) with a P-value of 0.006; primarily derived by improvement in MBG (0-1: 28% vs 43%, 2-3: 72% vs 57%) with a P-value 0.027, and improvement in EF at 24 h after PCI (Mean±SD 48.35 ± 8.78 vs 45.20 ± 7.89) with a P-value of 0.008 and at 1 month follow up (43% vs 20%) with a P-value of 0.039, but it did not have a significant impact on MACE at 1 month follow up.

Conclusion
Our study concluded that high dose atorvastatin loading before primary PCI resulted in improved post-procedural MBG, no-reflow and Ejection fraction as measured by bi-plane Simpson's method but did not decrease in MACE at 1 month follow up. Based on the results of this study, we highly recommend the routine use of high dose atorvastatin before primary PCI in patients presenting with STEMI.

Abbreviations
ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; BP: Blood pressure; ECG:. Electrocardiography; ESC: European society of cardiology; EF: Ejection fraction; MACE: Major adverse cardiac events; MBG: Myocardial blush grade; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Science; STEMI: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; STR: ST segment resolution; TIMI: Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction
Detection of Early Cardiac Affection in Post-COVID Syndrome Using Heart Rate Variability and 2D Global Longitudinal Strain Echocardiographic Assessment of the Left Ventricle
Authors: Fouad Mirna Bassem , Fahmy Zainab Abdel Salam , Noureldin Amira Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim and objectives
The aim of our study is to estimate the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) & two-dimensional global longitudinal strain (GLS) by speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE) in post-COVID-19 patients after mild to moderate acute SARS COV-2 infection.

Patients and Methods
This study included fifty consecutive subjects between 17 & 82 years of age who were symptomatic after three weeks up to 3 months of experiencing mild to moderate COVID19 illness according to the CDC criteria of severity. Patients enrolled were coming for follow-up clinic visits at Ain Shams University Hospitals between June 2021- Jan2022. All patients had normal LVEF upon enrollment as assessed by M-mode and Modified Simpson's method. 2D Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) and 24-hours Holter monitoring were performed for all patients.

Results
The LVGLS and HRV were significantly impaired in the symptomatic post-COVID-19. LVGLS was below -16 in 20% of the patients while 22% were in the grey zone; between -18 and -16. SDNN was decreased (&lt; 100 msec) in 24% of the patients. RMSSD values favored a mean below 40 msec with prevalence of 58% among the study population. LF/HF ratio was above 2 in 42% of the patients. Our research suggested a highly significant association between LVGLS and HRV; as 66.7% of patients with decreased SDNN had impaired LVGLS, as opposed to 33% who had normal LVGLS (p-value 0.000)

Conclusion
LVGLS measured by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) is an important bedside tool, alternative to CMR which is the gold standard, in assessing LV systolic functions post COVID-19. HRV can explain a lot of post- COVID symptoms attributed to dysautonomia. In our study, we targeted the patients having prolonged symptoms after COVID-19 illness, GLS and HRV were assessed trying to explain the cardiac involvement and if it is the cause of the so called" long COVID". We found high incidence of GLS impairment using STE as well as significant prevalence of diminished HRV. HRV (especially SDNN) and GLS were significantly correlated as 80% of the patients with impaired GLS had decreased SDNN (p-value 0.00).
Comparing Planned Surgical versus Percutaneous Access Vascular Outcomes and Complications in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Abdelshahid Remon R , Kamal Diaa , Mostafa Ahmad E , Sadek Yasser 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Increased expertise and technical advancements lead to a significant reduction of major access site-related vascular complications that occur, nowadays Post and intra-procedural in &lt; 10% of cases. Due to its wide diffusion and feasibility, the trans-femoral access is the preferred route in the majority of the clinical trials and is recommended as first choice by all guidelines and consensus documents, as vascular complications are a non-comparable factor to traditional SAVR so it is a new side effect that has emerged with TAVI that is in need to be minimized.

Aim
The aim of this work is to compare surgical versus percutaneous access peripheral vascular outcomes in TAVI procedure during hospital stay.

Patients and Methods
This was a Comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted at Ain Shams university hospitals & Helwan university hospital this study included 68 retrospective and prospective patients that were scheduled for TAVI 29 with percutaneous access followed by device closure (Proglide) and 37 surgical cut-down patients followed by surgical closure.

Result
A total of 68 patients were enrolled, 34 patients were females (50 %) and 34 patients were males (50 %). Their age ranged from 65-97 years with mean age (75.12) years. Patients in this study are classified into 2 groups: Group I: included patients who did the procedure with percutaneous vascular approach followed by device closure. Group II: included patients included patients who did the procedure with surgical cutdown vascular approach.

Conclusion
There is no significant difference in vascular complications between the 2 approaches indicating that whenever closure devices (Proglide) are available it can be used safely on patients undergoing TAVI, a more dedicated closure device to larger puncture sites such as MANTA should be properly studied as a promising step.

Recommendation
Larger studies with increased sample size are recommended for proper evaluation of intra and post procedural predictors of vascular complications. Further studies on the new MANTA device as it is a dedicated device to larger puncture sites. Long-term follow up.
Frequency and Risk Factors of Difficult-to-Control Asthma among Patients
Authors: Zidan Amal Ibrahim Abd Elhamid , Faramawy Mohammed Abd Elsabour , Dewidar Ibrahim Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Difficult-to-control asthma (DTA) is associated with significant medical and financial burden. Difficult-to-treat asthma is asthma that is uncontrolled despite Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Step 4 or 5 treatment (e.g. medium or high dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with a second controller; maintenance OCS), or that requires such treatment to maintain good symptom control and reduce the risk of exacerbations

Objectives
to assess causes and possible precipitating factors for difficult-tocontrol asthma in Kafr Elsheikh Chest Hospital.

Patients and Methods
This prospective cohort study enrolled 40 adult with DTA who were followed for 12 weeks. At the start, patients who had scores suggestive of DTA by using asthma control test (ACT) and questionnaire(ACQ) were enrolled. Spirometry was done at the start and adherence was ensured then spirometry was done again to eliminate possibility of non-adherence as a cause of uncontrolled asthma. ACQ and ACT were reassessed to classify patients.

Result
Male: female ratio was 1:1. Age ranged from 18.0 to 74.0 years. After twelve weeks, difficult-to-control asthma still present in 27.5%. There is statistically significant relation between DTA and all of family history of asthma, gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), allergic rhinitis/sinusitis, duration of asthma. On multivariate analysis, GERD, positive family history, comorbid allergic rhinitis, associated allergies and disease duration≥10 years increase risk of DTA by 4.56, 12.94, 1.389, 13.74 and 14.733 folds respectively.

Conclusion
GERD, positive family history, presence of allergic rhinitis, associated allergies and disease duration≥10 years were independent risk factors for DTA.
Retrospective Study for TB Cases in Kafr El-Shiekh from January 2010 to January 2019 and Role of GeneXpert in Diagnosis
Authors: ELbouhy M S , Ali E R , Elmesery Aml Yossif 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is one of the top ten causes of death and the leading cause from a single infectious agent (above HIV/AIDS) Worldwide. Each year millions of people continue to fall sick with.

Aim of the Study
The aim of this study was to find out tuberculosis pattern in Kafr EL-Shiekh Governorate during the period between January 2010 and January 2019 and role of GeneXpert in diagnosis of TB.

Methods
This retrospective study was carried out using medical records from the TB registry in Kafr EL-Shiekh Chest Hospital. The investigated variables included demographic characteristics, type of TB infection, and affected organs. All data were coded and statistically analyzed.

Results
through study period 1189 cases were recorded 82.5% of them were pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary founded in 17.5% cases. The mean age was 36.42 years and there was male predominance 57.4%, female was 42.6%, higher number of cases were reported in 2013. Tuberclin test was positive in 99.2% of cases and negative in 0.8% of cases and sputum positive in 74.2% of cases and negative in 25.8% of cases. Cases with sputum positive 96.9% had positive Z_N. stain, 98.2% positive culture and Gene expert positive in 27.6% of cases. 87.2% of cases treatment completed and treatment failure in 12.8%. sensitivity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of gene expert in diagnosing pulmonary TB cases founded to be 98.19%, 86.86%, 85.49% respectively, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of gene expert in diagnosing extra pulmonary TB cases founded to be 100%, 1.81%, 13.14%, 14.51% respectively.

Conclusion
TB affects the most productive age groups and this necessitates more attention in TB control programs targeting those age groups. Our findings suggest GeneXpert as a sensitive and specific powerful diagnostic method in patients of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis either AFB smear negative or positive due to its rapidity
Study of Addiction in COPD Patients in Abbassia Chest Hospital
Authors: Saeed Adel Mohamad , Raafat Riham Hazem , Muneer Mahmoud M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is multi-factorial systemic disease that commonly associated with tobacco smoking, moreover, smoking cannabis substance become widely used. The aim of the study is determining the pattern of addiction pattern in patients with COPD, in addition to evaluating the impact of that substance in the disease course.

Methods
About 100 male patients with definite COPD diagnosis and history of regular substance abuse were enrolled in the study, all of them subjected to COPD assessment test (CAT) and addiction questionnaire.

Results
The mean age of the studied patients was (52.84 ± 10.21) years, and 15 % of them with overweight. Addiction with Hashish (cannabis) was the most prevalent among the studied groups (70%), while 3 and 2% of cases had used IV substance and Heroin respectively. The most predominant CAT score category were CAT score III and IV with frequency about 44% and 30% respectively. More than half of cases (52%) admitted to ICU because of substance abuse two times or more during the duration of the study.

Conclusion
The prevalence of Hashish (Cannabis) addiction was higher among COPD patients, and significantly associated with higher CAT score category, in addition to increase the frequency of repeated ICU admission with respiratory complication.
ADAMTS13 and Von Willebrand Factor Levels in Patients with Chronic hepatitis C: Relations to Hemostatic Imbalance and Bacterial Infection
Authors: Wahba Mona A , El-Bassiouni Nora E , Elsakhawy Yasmin N , Zahran Nariman A , Attoa Hend G 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Liver cirrhosis is in close association with bacterial translocation as a result of alteration of intestinal barrier. In response to inflammation, the endothelial cells release the content of WPBs, VWF in the extracellular portion.
The aim of the study was to assess the levels of ADAMTS13 and their impact on the prothrombotic function of VWF in patients with chronic hepatitis C with or without SBP.

Patients and methods
75 individuals were the study population, 60 patients with CLD classified into: Child A (n = 15), Child B (n = 15) and Child C (n = 30) the latter is further classified into Child C (n = 15) and Child C patients with SBP (n = 15); healthy controls (n = 15). This study was performed at Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Imbaba, Giza. Determination of CRP by fixed time nephelometry. Determination of LBP, VWF, ADAMTS13 and D-dimer by magnetic multiplexed flowcytometry based immunoassay Luminex®.

Results
VWF levels were significantly increased (p &lt; 0.01) in different groups of patients with CLD compared to controls. A similar significant increase (p &lt; 0.01) was also noticed in Child C patients with SBP compared to other study groups. ADAMTS13 antigen levels were significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.01) in different groups of patients with CLD compared to controls. D-dimer levels were significantly increased (p &lt; 0.01) in different groups of patients with CLD compared to controls.

Conclusion
The levels of VWF correlated with the systemic inflammatory and bacterial translocation markers. ADAMTS13 levels were decreased in cases of systemic inflammatory process that accompanies SBP, leading to increased VWF levels.