bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
InGaAs Geiger‐mode three‐dimensional image sensor for flash LIDAR
Authors: Mizuno Takahide , Ikeda Hirokazu , Makino Kenji , Tamura Yusei , Suzuki Yoshihito , Hashi Tatsuya , Baba Takashi , Adachi Shunsuke , Okumura Ryuji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) image sensors are requested by planetary explorers to detect obstacles around landing sites during the landing process and to measure the relative distance and attitude of an orbiting spacecraft during rendezvous docking procedures. Three‐dimensional image sensors are also requested in many other fields, including as sensors for autonomous vehicles. In flash LIDAR, a sensor acquires 3D images using the diffuse emission of a pulsed laser, making it suitable for applications like obstacle detection and terrain measurement. We fabricated a prototype 3D image sensor with a temporal resolution of 500 ps and dimensions of 128 × 128 pixels using an InGaAs Geiger mode avalanche photodiode, which is capable of counting photons in the eye‐safe band, as the light receiving sensor. This report gives an overview of the prototype sensor and its functions, a detailed evaluation of its time measurement performance, and details of imaging experiments under sunlight.
Plasma formation in holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy
Authors: Pishchalnikov Yuri A. , Behnke‐Parks William M. , Stoller Marshall L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesDuring holmium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (holmium:YAG) laser lithotripsy to break urinary stones, urologists frequently see flashes of light. As infrared laser pulses are invisible, what is the source of light? Here we studied the origin, characteristics, and some effects of flashes of light in laser lithotripsy.MethodsUltrahigh‐speed video‐microscopy was used to record single laser pulses at 0.2–1.0 J energy lasered with 242 µm glass‐core‐diameter fibers in contact with whole surgically retrieved urinary stones and hydroxyapatite (HA)‐coated glass slides in air and water. Acoustic transients were measured with a hydrophone. Visible‐light and infrared photodetectors resolved temporal profiles of visible‐light emission and infrared‐laser pulses.ResultsTemporal profiles of laser pulses showed intensity spikes of various duration and amplitude. The pulses were seen to produce dim light and bright sparks with submicrosecond risetime. The spark produced by the intensity spike at the beginning of laser pulse generated a shock wave in the surrounding liquid. The subsequent sparks were in a vapor bubble and generated no shock waves. Sparks enhanced absorption of laser radiation, indicative of plasma formation and optical breakdown. The occurrence and number of sparks varied even with the same urinary stone. Sparks were consistently observed at laser energy >0.5 J with HA‐coated glass slides. The slides broke or cracked by cavitation with sparks in 63 ± 15% of pulses (1.0 J, N = 60). No glass‐slide breakage occurred without sparks (1.0 J, N = 500).ConclusionUnappreciated in previous studies, plasma formation with free‐running long‐pulse holmium:YAG lasers can be an additional physical mechanism of action in laser procedures.
Natural killer cells suppress human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cancer cell survival and tumor growth
Authors: Adhikary Gautam , Heipertz Erica L. , Preradovic Maja , Chen Xi , Xu Wen , Newland John J. , Kaur Navjot , Vemuri Mohan C. , Eckert Richard L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), which develops in response to ultraviolet irradiation exposure, is among the most common cancers. CSCC lesions can be removed by surgical excision, but 4.5% of these cancers reappear as aggressive and therapy‐resistant tumors. CSCC tumors display a high mutation burden, and tumor frequency is dramatically increased in immune‐suppressed patients, indicating a vital role for the immune system in controlling cancer development. Natural killer cells (NK cells) play a key role in cancer immune surveillance, and recent studies suggest that NK cells from healthy donors can be expanded from peripheral blood for use in therapy. In the present study, we test the ability of ex vivo expanded human NK cells to suppress the CSCC cell cancer phenotype and reduce tumor growth. We expanded human NK cells from multiple healthy donors, in the presence of IL‐2, and tested their ability to suppress the CSCC cell cancer phenotype. NK cell treatment produced a dose‐dependent reduction in SCC‐13 and HaCaT cell spheroid growth and matrigel invasion and induced SCC‐13 and HaCaT cell apoptosis as evidenced by increased procaspase 9, procaspase 3, and PARP cleavage. Moreover, two important CSCC cell pro‐cancer signaling pathways, YAP1/TAZ/TEAD and MEK1/2‐ERK1/2, were markedly reduced. Furthermore, tail‐vein injection of NK cells markedly suppressed the growth of SCC‐13 xenograft tumors in NSG mice, which was also associated with a reduction in YAP1 and MEK1/2‐P levels and enhanced apoptosis. These findings show that NK cell treatment suppresses CSCC cell spheroid formation, invasion, viability, and tumor growth, suggesting NK cell treatment may be a candidate therapy for CSCC.
Interactive Effects of Climate Change-Induced Range Shifts and Wind Energy Development on Future Economic Conditions of the Atlantic Surfclam Fishery
Authors: Stromp Stephanie , Scheld Andrew M. , Klinck John M. , Munroe Daphne M. , Powell Eric N. , Mann Roger , Borsetti Sarah , Hofmann Eileen E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Rising water temperatures along the northeastern U.S. continental shelf have resulted in an offshore range shift of the Atlantic surfclam Spisula solidissima to waters still occupied by ocean quahogs Arctica islandica. Fishers presently are prohibited from landing both Atlantic surfclams and ocean quahogs in the same catch, thus limiting fishing to locations where the target species can be sorted on deck. Wind energy development on and around the fishing grounds will further restrict the fishery. A spatially explicit model of the Atlantic surfclam fishery (Spatially Explicit Fishery Economics Simulator) has the ability to simulate the consequences of fishery displacement due to wind energy development in combination with fishery and stock dynamics related to the species' overlap with ocean quahogs. Five sets of simulations were run to determine the effect of varying degrees of species overlap due to Atlantic surfclam range shifts in conjunction with fishing constraints due to wind farm development. Simulations tracked changes in relative stock status, fishery performance, and the economic consequences for the fishery. Compared to a business-as-usual scenario, all scenarios with less-restrictive fishing penalties due to species overlap exhibited higher raw catch numbers but also greater reductions in revenue and increases in cost after the implementation of wind farms. This analysis serves to demonstrate the response of the Atlantic surfclam fishery to combined pressures from competing ocean uses and climate change and emphasizes the potential for economic disruption of fisheries as climate change interacts with the evolution of ocean management on the continental shelf.
0.5kWatt 2.45 GHz GaN‐based microwave heating system design with active phase control
Authors: Ahn Seong‐Hyeop , Jeong Chang‐Hyun , Lee Wang‐Sang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, to improve the temperature uniformity of the microwave (MW) heating system, a 0.5‐kW 2.45 GHz GaN (gallium nitride)‐based MW heating system with active phase control is presented. The proposed system consists of two 2.45 GHz signal generators, two electrically controlled phase shifters, two 250 W GaN amplifiers, two metal patch antennas, and the MW applicator with a heating material. The controlled signal is radiated into the MW applicator through the antenna, and the radiation direction can be steered according to the input phase difference of the antenna. The electric field distribution and temperature uniformity at the different input phases were analyzed. Using four operating modes with a 90° phase difference between adjacent operating modes, the proposed heating system achieves a uniform temperature distribution. In comparison to the conventional heating system, the temperature uniformity was improved up to approximately 70.7%, and the system efficiency was approximately 56.7%.
Mitigation of motion‐induced artifacts in cone beam computed tomography using deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Amirian Mohammadreza , Montoya‐Zegarra Javier A. , Herzig Ivo , Eggenberger Hotz Peter , Lichtensteiger Lukas , Morf Marco , Züst Alexander , Paysan Pascal , Peterlik Igor , Scheib Stefan , Füchslin Rudolf Marcel , Stadelmann Thilo , Schilling Frank‐Peter 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is often employed on radiation therapy treatment devices (linear accelerators) used in image‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT). For each treatment session, it is necessary to obtain the image of the day in order to accurately position the patient and to enable adaptive treatment capabilities including auto‐segmentation and dose calculation. Reconstructed CBCT images often suffer from artifacts, in particular those induced by patient motion. Deep‐learning based approaches promise ways to mitigate such artifacts.PurposeWe propose a novel deep‐learning based approach with the goal to reduce motion induced artifacts in CBCT images and improve image quality. It is based on supervised learning and includes neural network architectures employed as pre‐ and/or post‐processing steps during CBCT reconstruction.MethodsOur approach is based on deep convolutional neural networks which complement the standard CBCT reconstruction, which is performed either with the analytical Feldkamp‐Davis‐Kress (FDK) method, or with an iterative algebraic reconstruction technique (SART‐TV). The neural networks, which are based on refined U‐net architectures, are trained end‐to‐end in a supervised learning setup. Labeled training data are obtained by means of a motion simulation, which uses the two extreme phases of 4D CT scans, their deformation vector fields, as well as time‐dependent amplitude signals as input. The trained networks are validated against ground truth using quantitative metrics, as well as by using real patient CBCT scans for a qualitative evaluation by clinical experts.ResultsThe presented novel approach is able to generalize to unseen data and yields significant reductions in motion induced artifacts as well as improvements in image quality compared with existing state‐of‐the‐art CBCT reconstruction algorithms (up to +6.3 dB and +0.19 improvements in peak signal‐to‐noise ratio, PSNR, and structural similarity index measure, SSIM, respectively), as evidenced by validation with an unseen test dataset, and confirmed by a clinical evaluation on real patient scans (up to 74% preference for motion artifact reduction over standard reconstruction).ConclusionsFor the first time, it is demonstrated, also by means of clinical evaluation, that inserting deep neural networks as pre‐ and post‐processing plugins in the existing 3D CBCT reconstruction and trained end‐to‐end yield significant improvements in image quality and reduction of motion artifacts.
Conforming finite element method for the time‐fractional nonlinear stochastic fourth‐order reaction diffusion equation
Authors: Liu Xinfei , Yang Xiaoyuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe time‐fractional nonlinear stochastic fourth‐order reaction diffusion equation perturbed by the noise is paid close attention by the conforming finite element method in this paper. The semi‐ and fully discrete schemes are obtained. Further, the convergence orders of the semi‐ and fully discrete schemes in norm are given detailed proof. The numerical tests are gotten to verify the theoretical result.
Perceptions of Respect Among Patients With Hearing Loss in the United States
Authors: Youn Gun Min , Shah Jay P. , Wei Eric X. , Alyono Jennifer C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHearing loss is a common condition that can lead to disability and significantly impact the quality of life. However, as the literature investigating the relationship between hearing loss and patients' perception of respect within the clinical setting is lacking, we performed a retrospective, cross‐sectional analysis of the 2017 National Health Interview Survey to elucidate this interaction. After weights were applied, 16,295,495 patients (mean age: 63.79, standard error: 0.28) with hearing loss were identified. Multivariable logistic regression analyses found that those with self‐reported hearing loss were less likely to report being treated with respect by their healthcare providers (odds ratio [OR], 0.766; [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.691‐0.848]) and less likely to be asked about their beliefs/opinions about the care that they received (OR, 0.842; [95% CI: 0.774‐0.916]), indicating a possible disparity in care. Further investigation is needed to examine how this patient population is treated and how providers can create a more inclusive environment.
Improvement of a method for the correction of wall slip effects within the rheological measurements of filled rubber compounds
Authors: Kleinschmidt Dennis , Schöppner Volker 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRubber compounds have an increased tendency to flow anomalies depending on the compound ingredients and the processing parameters. Due to wall slip effects, rheological material measurements and the material parameters derived from them are affected by errors, since the fundamental analytical and numerical calculation approaches assume wall adhesion. In the literature, various approaches for the description of wall slip effects exist, which partially lead to negative slip velocities as well as slip volume flows that exceed the total volume flow in the capillary. The purpose of this article is the improvement of an analytical model for the determination of slip velocities for both laboratory and near‐process rheological investigations. A comparison shows the limitations of the established wall slip correction methods and the possibilities of the improved correction method.
Synthesis of star polymers using ultrasound‐induced RAFT polymerization
Authors: Padmakumar Amrish Kumar , Jafari Vianna F. , Singha Nikhil K. , Ashokkumar Muthupandian , Qiao Greg G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn alternative method to efficiently synthesize Core‐Crosslinked Star polymers (arm‐first approach) is described in this work. The star polymers are produced utilizing a two‐step, one‐pot Sono‐RAFT process. N,N′‐dimethylacrylamide (DMA) is used to prepare the arms, whereas N,N′‐methylenebis(acrylamide) (MAA) is employed as the crosslinking agent. The reactions were conducted in an aqueous medium at room temperature. Using the sono‐RAFT approach, polymerization under different applied powers, crosslinker to arm ratios, and degrees of polymerization were investigated to determine the optimal reaction conditions for synthesizing star polymers. By altering the applied power, the reaction time can be decreased by half. Using a triblock arm, a CCS polymer was produced, and the resulting polymer demonstrated a very high arm‐to‐star conversion.
CircSMARCA5functions as a potential biomarker for clinicopathology and therapy in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Chaomin , Ding Zhuoyu , Dai Jingping , Yang Li , Wei Yiyi , Wang Xinke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion. Among various circRNAs, circSMARAC5 attracted our great attention. The research aimed at broadening the knowledge on circSMARCA5 and exploring its function in clinicopathology and therapy in solid tumors. The incorporated research was explored via Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, consisting of 1048 patients. This study was calculated using STATA 12.0 and Review Manager 5.3 software. Clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic targets were analyzed using pooled odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). And the ceRNA network of circSMARCA5 was constructed via Cytoscape 3.9.0. Eventually, there were eight studies included in conducting clinicopathological characteristics and four literature used in exploring therapeutic targets. Patients with low expression of circSMARCA5 were closely associated with gender (OR = 1.367, 95% CI = 1.003–1.862,p = .048) and pathological differentiation (OR = 1.627, 95% CI = 1.130–2.343,p = .009). Among these modulating axes, the most commonly microRNA was miR‐432. In the near future, circSMARCA5 may be a promising diagnostic biomarker and a new therapeutic target.
iASMP: An interpretable in‐silico predictive tool focusing on species‐specific antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Wang Yuqiang , Xie Yihao , Luo Yang , Jia Pengfei , Wei Jiaqi , Zhang Jie , Yan Wenjin , Huang Jinqi 
Published: March 2023

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a crucial part of the innate immune system, have been exploited as promising candidates for antibacterial agents. Many researchers have been devoting their efforts to develop novel AMPs in recent decades. In this term, many computational approaches have been developed to identify potential AMPs accurately. However, finding peptides specific to a particular bacterial species is challenging. Streptococcus mutans is a pathogen with an apparent cariogenic effect, and it is of great significance to study AMP that inhibit S. mutans for the prevention and treatment of caries. In this study, we proposed a sequence‐based machine learning model, namely iASMP, to exactly identify potential anti‐S. mutans peptides (ASMPs). After collecting ASMPs, the performances of models were compared by utilizing multiple feature descriptors and different classification algorithms. Among the baseline predictors, the model integrating the extra trees (ET) algorithm and the hybrid features exhibited optimal results. The feature selection method was utilized to remove redundant feature information to improve the model performance further. Finally, the proposed model achieved the maximum accuracy (ACC) of 0.962 on the training dataset and performed on the testing dataset with an ACC of 0.750. The results demonstrated that iASMP had an excellent predictive performance and was suitable for identifying potential ASMP. Furthermore, we also visualized the selected features and rationally explained the impact of individual features on the model output.
Review on accelerated life testing plan to develop predictive reliability models for electronic components based on design‐of‐experiments
Authors: Indmeskine Fatima‐Ezahra , Saintis Laurent , Kobi Abdessamad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccelerated testing has been commonly used for the assessment of reliability of products or systems. In particular, it has been used to produce models for predicting the reliability of electronic components as a function of design and environmental parameters, or to qualify reliability. Extensive literature exists on different aspects ranging from defining type of stresses and type of censoring data, to optimizing test plans for efficient and relevant testing. On the other hand, design of experiments methodology is commonly used for studying the robustness of systems and for quality applications. This being said, combining both approaches, taking into account the system's physics of failure, is scarcely put into practice in a context of reliability prediction. Yet, this could significantly improve reliability prediction, especially in the case of electronic components which constantly go through technological progress with new parameters or properties to consider. After first presenting existing predictive reliability guides, models and parameters related to accelerated life testing, the purpose of this article is to provide a review of what has been done concerning the combination of such approaches.
On the time‐varying relationship between coskewness and returns of banks
Authors: Bressan Silvia , Weissensteiner Alex 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor a sample of US commercial banks, we find that during the Global Financial Crisis of 2007–2009 and the COVID‐19 pandemic of February–December 2020, bank returns were positively related to their coskewness with the market return, while the relationship was negative during stable periods. The literature on non‐financial firms and global equity indices has shown that the relationship between coskewness and stock returns is time‐variant. The findings of this study extend that evidence to banks. The interpretation is that in normal times, investors show a preference for “lotteryness,” and therefore they are willing to pay a premium for bank stocks with a high coskewness (i.e., low expected return). In contrast, during crises, stocks with a high coskewness are more likely to suffer deep losses, and investors are reluctant to demand these risky high returns. These findings deliver important insights into how to interpret bank capital costs throughout the business cycle, as we suggest that during crises the issuance of equity capital becomes more costly for banks because investors demand higher coskewness risk premiums.
Understanding student use of epistemic criteria in engineering design contexts
Authors: Baze Christina , González‐Howard María , Sampson Vic , Fenech Mic , Crawford Rich , Hutner Todd , Chu Lawrence , Hamilton Xiaofen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent trends have shifted the focus of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education onto practice‐based learning, to encourage opportunities for students to engage in science and engineering practices (SEPs) with the goal of more meaningful participation and engagement in authentic STEM experiences for all students. However, we do not fully understand how K–12 engineering students use the SEP of argumentation to design solutions or make problem‐solving decisions. In this study, we examine middle school students’ discourse to understand the epistemic criteria students use when making design decisions and how they meaningfully take up epistemic practices for engineering, specifically when engaging in engineering design. We find that students use five epistemic criteria (nature, creativity and innovation, justification, collaboration, and the user) in ways meaningful to design‐oriented goals, even at the beginning of the school year, and that consideration of these criteria varies according to the implicit goals in each stage of the design process. These findings suggest that (i) students took up epistemic goals for sensemaking and designing solutions, and (ii) students already possessed the skills and abilities to meaningfully engage in design work, suggesting an asset view of student epistemic practices should be adopted.