bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demolition of a 65‐year‐old box‐girder prestressed concrete bridge located in Northern Sweden
Authors: Daescu Cosmin Al , Gonzalez‐Libreros Jaime , Wang Chao , Elfgren Lennart , Sas Gabriel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new bridge was built in Kalix, northern Sweden, to replace an existing prestressed concrete box‐girder bridge that had been in service for over 60 years. The old bridge had a total length of 283.6 m divided into five spans: 43.9 m, 47.0 m, 94.0 m, 47.0 m, and 43.9 m. It was constructed using the balanced cantilever method with segments having lengths of around 3.0 m. The need for replacement arose from recommendations extracted from an assessment of the old bridge's state and capacity. In addition to the construction of the new bridge, its replacement necessitated the creation and evaluation of demolition procedure for the existing bridge. This procedure had to be carefully designed to avoid damaging the new bridge and stability‐related issues but also to prevent debris from falling into the Kalix River, which is part of a Natura 2000 protected area. This paper discusses various issues considered while developing the demolition strategy, including the use of bed‐rock anchored tendons, intermediate support fixing at specific locations, and proper evaluation of position of the demolition equipment supported by the bridge, among others. The problem of disposing of the demolished material is also discussed.
DETECTING ANOMALIES IN STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES: AFTER EXTREME EVENTS
Authors: Caner Alp 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe safety of cable‐supported bridges primarily depends on cable design, proper tensioning during construction, and regular maintenance. Over the past decade, numerous cable‐supported bridges have faced various issues, including aging, poor tensioning practices, coping with heavy traffic loads, insufficient maintenance, and exposure to accidents or extreme conditions. Despite these challenges, these structures often withstand such problems due to the inclusion of redundancy and alternative load paths in their design. Detecting anomalies in bridge monitoring data can aid in identifying potential issues. Typically, only specific cables are monitored in a cable‐supported bridge monitoring system. The conditions of non‐monitored cables are usually estimated based on the data from adjacent cable sensors. The structural response of the tower and the deck can also be indirectly estimated. This research aims to present a methodology for detecting anomalies in structural responses following extreme events. It is crucial to differentiate temporary changes in cable measurements caused by expected seasonal temperature fluctuations, regular winds, and normal traffic patterns from permanent changes resulting from extreme events. Additionally, one must consider that a permanent change in measurements might also occur due to sensor loss after an extreme event. The paper will discuss tools to form a detection that can identify whether the source of change is due to a real extreme event or not.
Structural Optimizations of Extradosed Cable‐Stayed Bridge by Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Lamesgin Abeba , Golla Alemayehu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn extradosed cable‐stayed bridge employs a structure that combines the main elements of both a prestressed box girder bridge and a cable‐stayed bridge. In extradosed cable‐stayed bridge to apply optimization, because this type of bridge has hybrid nature; bridges have significant additional complexity and oversizing of structure [7]. This research paper evaluated the optimum depth of the box girder with pylon height, angle of stay cable, and effect of concrete grade on those three main parameters of an extradosed cable‐stay bridge for fixed span length (100+180+100) m. The formulated optimization problem was code into Mat lab R2019a software to run the optimization using genetic algorithm and analysis results retrieved from SAP2000v23 bridge software to carry out the optimization process. The results of optimization indicate that box girder depth was less than recommended value of extradosed bridge depth, the optimum pylon height found to be more reduce than previous research work and the optimum first stay cable angle is 32.13o for using optimum concrete grade C‐45.
Achieving the Reverse Intersystem Crossing in Chalcone Based Donor‐Acceptor System through Down‐Conversion of Triplet Exciton
Authors: Singh Piyush , Pattanayak Pradip , Purkayastha Pradipta , Kumar Ghosh Sujit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, understanding the mechanism of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) has become the primary choice for designing high‐efficiency, low‐cost, metal‐free organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, we propose a strategically designed chalcone based donor‐acceptor system, where intensification of delayed fluorescence with decrease in temperature (300 K to 100 K) is observed; the theoretical investigations of electronic states and orbital characters uncovered a new cold rISC pathway in donor‐acceptor system, where rISC occurs through the down‐conversation of higher triplet exciton (from T3) to lowest singlet state (S1), having negative energy splitting, thus no thermal energy is required. The comprehensive research described herein might open‐up new avenues in donor‐acceptor system over the conventional up‐convention of triplet exciton and demonstrates that not necessarily all delayed fluorescence are thermally activated (TADF).
Thermal‐Conductivity‐Enhancing Copper‐Plated Expanded Graphite/Paraffin Composite for Highly Stable Phase‐Change Materials
Authors: Yan Jiasen , Han Xianying , Dang Zhaohan , Li Jiangang , He Xiangming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParaffin (PA)/expanded graphite (EG) is an important composite phase change material with low cost, high heat storage, good thermal conductivity and cycling stability. Its thermal conductivity needs to be further improved for application in the thermal management system of power lithium‐ion batteries. In this paper, copper plated expanded graphite (CPEG) with 3D porous structure was prepared by electroless copper plating method, which was used as thermal conductivity enhancing material to replace part of EG in PA/EG composite materials. For the optimized phase change material composed of 80 %PA‐14 %EG‐6 %CPEG, the copper content is very low (0.768 wt %), but its thermal conductivity can be significantly improved without loss of latent heat and thermal cycling stability. Its thermal conductivity is increased from 11 times to 16.5 times that of paraffin while compared with the copper‐free composite material (80 %PA‐20 %EG). The PA/EG/CPEG composite material exhibits good temperature control effect on power lithium‐ion batteries.
Valeric Biofuels from Biomass‐Derived γ‐Valerolactone: A Critical Overview of Production Processes
Authors: Martínez Figueredo Karla G. , Martínez Francisco A. , Segobia Darío J. , Bertero Nicolás M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis review analyzes critically the production of valeric biofuels from γ‐valerolactone, a relevant biomass‐derived platform molecule. Initially, the main properties of valeric esters as fuels for spark‐ and compression‐ignition engines are summarized. Then, catalytic routes to valeric esters from γ‐valerolactone are meticulously analyzed, describing the acid‐ and metal‐catalyzed reactions taking part in the tandem catalysis. Only works focused on the production of the valeric biofuels were considered, excluding the cases where these esters were observed in minor amounts or as byproducts. The role of the appropriate selection of the support, catalytic species, catalyst preparation and experimental conditions on the valeric ester productivity are thoroughly commented. Finally, some concluding remarks and perspectives are given, mentioning the areas where additional efforts must be done in order to turn the dream of a massive and renewable valeric biofuel production into a reality.
Trichobezoar effectively treated with direct endoscopic injection of Coca‐Cola: A case report
Authors: Matsuoka Ryo , Masuda Saori , Fujita Satoshi , Akiyama Naoe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTrichobezoars (hair bezoars) are primarily observed in adolescent girls who pull their hair followed by its ingestion. Endoscopic removal of trichobezoars is challenging, and these masses often require surgical removal. Recently, although it has been reported that Coca‐Cola could effectively dissolve persimmon phytobezoars, it was ineffective in dissolving trichobezoars. We report a case in which Coca‐Cola was directly injected into a trichobezoar followed by successful endoscopic removal of the mass. A 9‐year‐old girl visited our hospital with abdominal pain and nausea, wherein abdominal radiography revealed a mass in the stomach. Her mother witnessed her pulling and ingesting her hair 6 months previously. An upper endoscopy was performed for diagnosis of the trichobezoar. Endoscopic removal of the mass was performed under general anesthesia following oral administration of Coca‐Cola at a dose of 100 mL thrice a day for 10 days. Initially, we attempted endoscopic extraction using grasping forceps and a radiofrequency snare. However, the bezoar could not be fragmented and did not pass through the cardia. Thus, Coca‐Cola was injected directly into the bezoar using a local injection needle, which facilitated the separation of the bezoar and allowed the grasping forceps to fragment it to a size that could pass through the cardia. Owing to the large size of the bezoar, we could remove 180 g of it without complications. The patient received psychological counseling after the procedure, to prevent recurrence. In conclusion, direct injection of Coca‐Cola was effective in the complete endoscopic removal of trichobezoars.
Leveraging explainable machine learning models to assess forest health: A case study in Hainan, China
Authors: Li Jialing , He Bohao , Ahmad Shahid , Mao Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobal forest area has declined over the past few years, forest quality has declined, and ecological and environmental events have increased with climate change and human activity. In the context of ecological civilization, forest health issues have received unprecedented attention. By improving forest health, forests can better perform their ecosystem service functions and promote green development. This study was carried out in the WuZhi Shan area of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. We employed a decision tree algorithm, a machine learning technique, for our modeling due to its high accuracy and interpretability. The objective weighted method using criteria of importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) was used to determine forest health classes based on survey and experimental data from 132 forest samples. The results showed that species diversity is the most important metric to measure forest health. An interpretable decision tree machine learning model was proposed to incorporate forest health indicators, providing up to 90% accuracy in the classification of forest health conditions. The model demonstrated a high degree of effectiveness, achieving an average precision of 90%, a recall of 67%, and an F1 score of 70.2% in predicting forest health. The interpretable decision tree classification results showed that breast height diameter is the most important variable in classifying the health status of both primary and secondary forests. This study highlights the importance of using interpretable machine learning methods for the decision‐making process. Our work contributes to the scientific underpinnings of sustainable forest development and effective conservation planning.
Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells in the therapy of autoimmune diseases
Authors: Bekić Marina , Tomić Sergej 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMyeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are well recognized as critical factors in the pathology of tumors. However, their roles in autoimmune diseases are still unclear, which hampers the development of efficient immunotherapies. The role of different MDSCs subsets in multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, and systemic lupus erythematosus displayed different mechanisms of immune suppression, and several studies pointed to MDSCs’ capacity to induce T‐helper (Th)17 cells and tissue damage. These results also suggested that MDSCs could be present in different functional states and utilize different mechanisms for controlling the activity of T and B cells. Therefore, various therapeutic strategies should be employed to restore homeostasis in autoimmune diseases. The therapies harnessing MDSCs could be designed either as cell therapy or rely on the expansion and activation of MDSCs in vivo, or their depletion. Cumulatively, MDSCs are inevitable players in autoimmunity, and rational approaches in developing therapies are required to avoid the adverse effects of MDSCs and harness their suppressive mechanisms to improve the overall efficacy of autoimmunity therapy.
The effectiveness of telerehabilitation‐based exercise combined with pain neuroscience education for patients with facet joint arthrosis: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Okudan Begum , Çelik Derya , Koban Orkun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the short‐term effectiveness of exercise combined with PNE and exercise alone via telerehabilitation for patients with low back pain (LBP) caused by facet joint arthrosis (FJA).MethodsThis is a prospective, single‐blind, randomized‐controlled clinical trial. Forty–five patients with LBP caused by FJA were randomly allocated into three groups. The exercise (n = 15) and the exercise with PNE (n = 15) groups were provided interventions twice a week for six weeks via telerehabilitation. The control group (n = 15) was placed on the waiting list. The primary outcome measures were the numeric pain‐rating scale (NPRS) at rest and with activity, The Oswestry disability index (ODI), the pain beliefs questionnaire (PBQ), and secondary outcome measures were short form‐12v2 (SF‐12v2) and the global rating of change score (GROC).ResultsThe groups (52.00 ± 4.86, 46.7% female) were similar at baseline except for gender (p = 0.029). There was a significant group‐by‐time interaction for NPRS‐rest (F = 4.276, p = 0.021), NPRS‐activity (F = 12.327, p = 0.0001), the ODI (F = 23.122, p = 0.0001) and organic pain belief (F = 39.708, p = 0.0001). Further comparison with ANOVA showed that the exercise with PNE group showed better improvement in only organic pain belief (p = 0.0001). All groups reported improvements according to GROC, but it was higher in the intervention groups (p = 0.001).ConclusionThe patients who received exercise combined with PNE and exercise alone significantly improved pain intensity, disability and organic pain beliefs via telerehabilitation for patients with LBP caused by FJA compared to the control group. The PNE in addition to exercise may exhibit greater benefit in improving organic pain beliefs in short term.SignificanceThis study highlights that combining exercise with PNE can lead to greater improvements compared to exercise alone or no intervention for FJA patients. The implementation of PNE in physiotherapy sessions has the potential to offer significant benefits. Furthermore, our results highlight the promising role of telerehabilitation as an effective method for delivering interventions to individuals with FJA.
Bioavailability of iodine from a meal consisting of sushi and a wakame seaweed salad—A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Aakre Inger , Tveit Inger Beate , Myrmel Lene Secher , Fjære Even , Ballance Simon , Rosendal‐Riise Hanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe consumption of seaweed is on the rise in the Western world. Seaweeds may contain substantial amounts of iodine, and some species could serve as a potential dietary iodine source. However, limited data on the iodine content and in vivo bioavailability of iodine from seaweeds exist. The objective was to assess whether iodine from a meal consisting of sushi with nori, (Porphyra spp) and a wakame seaweed salad (Undaria pinnatifida) had similar bioavailability as a potassium iodide reference supplement of similar iodine content. A randomized 2 × 2 crossover trial (AB/BA model) was conducted in 20 healthy young women. One intervention arm consisted of a meal with sushi and wakame salad (231 μg iodine), and the other of potassium iodide (KI) supplement (225 μg iodine). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured at 11 different time points for 48 h after the interventions. The UIC increased after consumption of both the sushi and wakame meal and the KI supplement, but the median UIC was higher after ingestion of the KI supplement. The estimated bioavailability of iodine during the first 24 h was 75% from sushi with wakame and 97% from the KI supplement. The bioequivalence analyses confirmed that the KI supplement had higher estimated bioavailability than the sushi and wakame meal, however, with small margins. Our findings on iodine bioavailability imply that sushi and wakame could be potential iodine sources in the diet, which may be favorable for population groups at risk for iodine deficiency. However, further research is needed to account for the variability of iodine content in seaweeds by different locations and degree of processing, to assure that the iodine levels are stable and predictable for the consumers.
Association of vaccination status with the clinicobiochemical profile, hospital stay, and mortality in COVID‐19: A case–control study
Authors: Shah Sangam , Paudel Kiran , Bhattarai Abhinav , Thapa Sangharsha , Bhusal Sandesh , Adhikari Yagya R. , Adhikari Tara B. , Bhatta Nikita , Mandal Prince , Sharma Pratima , Budha Bishal , Aryal Shova , Das Santa K. , Pant Pankaj 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines in reducing symptoms, disease advancement, complications, and mortality in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection has been well‐established. This case‐control study aimed to compare different blood parameters, and prognostic and survival outcomes of COVID‐19 patients based on vaccination status.MethodsWe performed a case‐control study that included hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Individuals who received vaccination were designated as cases and unvaccinated individuals as controls. Demographics, co‐morbidity, clinical data, laboratory data, and disease outcomes were recorded for both groups. Multivariate, Cox, and linear regression were used for analysing blood parameters, hospital admission, survival, and hospital stay, respectively, between cases and controls.ResultsOut of 100 participants enrolled, 46 were vaccinated, and 54 weren't. At admission, ferritin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were significantly lower in cases. At discharge, cases showed a higher monocyte than controls. Ferritin, ESR, and d‐imer showed excellent performance in determining the severity of symptoms. Significant correlation and regression of ferritin and ESR with the length of hospital stay was observed. Length of hospital stay was significantly lower in cases than in controls. No significant differences between cases and controls were observed in mortality.ConclusionCOVID‐19 vaccines effectively reduced hospitalization duration. Ferritin and ESR were significantly lower in vaccinated individuals and showed the best utility in monitoring the disease.
The mediating role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between coping styles and life satisfaction among frontline medical workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chen Gui‐Fang , Zhang Ye‐Ping , Wei Zhi‐Jie , Zhang Xin‐Lan , Liu Jun , Peng Juan , Xu Zu‐Cai , Yu Chang‐Yin , Zhang Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between coping styles and life satisfaction among frontline medical workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Five hundred and fourteen frontline medical workers from Zunyi were recruited to complete questionnaires, including the Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). SPSS 24.0 was used to measure the characteristics of anxiety, depression, life satisfaction, and coping styles. We found that the prevalence rates of anxiety and depression among study participants were 22.57% and 18.29%, respectively. Besides, anxiety was positively correlated with depression; anxiety and depression were positively correlated with passive coping style but negatively correlated with life satisfaction and active coping style; life satisfaction was positively correlated with active coping style and negatively correlated with passive coping style (all p < 0.001). Moreover, anxiety and depression mediated the relationship between coping styles and life satisfaction. Anxiety accounted for 18.6% of the effect of active coping style and 35.48% of the effect of passive coping style on life satisfaction. Depression accounted for 48.84% of the effect of active coping style and 67.74% of the effect of passive coping style on life satisfaction. The present study provides novel insights into the effect of subclinical anxiety and depression on frontline medical workers in the pandemic area. Anxiety and depression yielded a mediating effect on the relationship between coping styles and life satisfaction.
An energy minimization strategy based on transmission time and re‐clustering (TTRC) for wireless sensor network
Authors: Shah Indra Kumar , Rathaur Neha Singh , Yadav Dharmendra Singh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging technology with diverse applications, ranging from industrial settings to environmental monitoring, healthcare, and remote surveillance. In this paper, the focus lies on the minimization of energy consumption during packet transmission, achieved through two primary strategies: (1) Reduction of the transmission distance for packets through the implementation of re‐clustering. (2) Allocation of increased time to those child nodes which necessitate less energy for transmission. Simulation outcomes demonstrate that the proposed transmission time and re‐clustering (TTRC) algorithm effectively harnesses in excess of 99% of the total network energy, marking an improvement of 14.05% to 15.57% over existing approaches. Furthermore, the TTRC algorithm achieves a substantial enhancement in packet delivery, ranging from 32.31% to 58.54%, coupled with a latency reduction spanning from 21.47% to 32.00%. Moreover, the network's lifestime is prolonged by 28.57% to 28.99% through the application of this algorithm.