bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Support: From Exclusion Criteria to Medical Service
Authors: Appel Jacob M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne of the criteria used by many transplant centers in assessing psychosocial eligibility for solid organ transplantation is social support. Yet, social support is a highly controversial requirement that has generated ongoing debate between ethicists and clinicians who favor its consideration (i.e., utility maximizers) and those who object to its use on equity grounds (i.e., equity maximizers). The assumption underlying both of these approaches is that social support is not a commodity that can be purchased in the marketplace. This essay argues for the reconceptualization of social support as a product that can—and should—be purchased for transplant candidates to render them eligible for transplant.
Potential potato yield loss from weed interference in the United States and Canada
Authors: Ganie Zahoor A , Soltani Nader , McKenzie-Gopsill Andrew G , Felix Joel , Hutchinson Pamela J. S. , Dille J. Anita J. , Sikkema Peter H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPotato is the third most important staple food crop globally following rice and wheat. In the United States, potato is grown on approximately 410,000 ha with a farm-gate value of US$1,032 million. In Canada, potato is grown on approximately 134,000 ha with a farm-gate value of US$235 million. The objective of this manuscript, compiled by the Weed Science Society of America Weed Loss Committee, was to estimate potato yield loss caused by weed interference. Potato yield data from weedy and weed-free plots (or plots with >95% weed control) was obtained from researchers working on weed management in potato in the United States and Canada or from published manuscripts from 2000 to 2018. Potato yield loss from weed interference was 12% to 61% when no weed management tactics were implemented. The average yield loss for all states/provinces (where data was obtained) due to weed interference was 44%. Weed interference would cause a farm-gate loss of approximately US$465 million and US$61 in the United States and Canada, respectively, if weeds are not controlled. These results indicate that weed management is critical for successful potato production, and that an ongoing need for research exists on weed management in this crop.
Steric Changes Associated With the Fast Sea Level Rise in the Upper South Indian Ocean
Authors: Qu Tangdong , Melnichenko Oleg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study provides a quantitative assessment of steric changes associated with sea level rise in the upper (0–500 m) South Indian Ocean (SIO) during 1993–2017, using the latest ocean state estimate of Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) combined with in‐situ observations from Argo. Both the observations and ECCO estimate show a sea level rise in the low‐latitude (0°–30°S) SIO that is faster than its South Pacific and South Atlantic counterparts by a factor at least two. Much of this fast sea level rise is due to warming and freshening of the upper ocean, with no significant contribution from the deeper layers (>500 m). We emphasize the importance of halosteric effect, whose contribution to sea level rise is comparable with that of thermosteric effect in the eastern basin. On interannual time scale, up to 90% of the region's sea level variability can be explained by steric changes that in turn are dominated by upper ocean convergence.
A Snapshot on the Buildup of the Stable Water Isotopic Signal in the Upper Snowpack at EastGRIP on the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Zuhr Alexandra M. , Wahl Sonja , Steen‐Larsen Hans Christian , Hörhold Maria , Meyer Hanno , Laepple Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe stable water isotopic composition in firn and ice cores provides valuable information on past climatic conditions. Because of uneven accumulation and post‐depositional modifications on local spatial scales up to hundreds of meters, time series derived from adjacent cores differ significantly and do not directly reflect the temporal evolution of the precipitated snow isotopic signal. Hence, a characterization of how the isotopic profile in the snow develops is needed to reliably interpret the isotopic variability in firn and ice cores. By combining digital elevation models of the snow surface and repeated high‐resolution snow sampling for stable water isotope measurements of a transect at the East Greenland Ice‐core Project campsite on the Greenland Ice Sheet, we are able to visualize the buildup and post‐depositional changes of the upper snowpack across one summer season. To this end, 30 cm deep snow profiles were sampled on six dates at 20 adjacent locations along a 40 m transect. Near‐daily photogrammetry provided snow height information for the same transect. Our data shows that erosion and redeposition of the original snowfall lead to a complex stratification in the δ18O signature. Post‐depositional processes through vapor‐snow exchange affect the near surface snow with d‐excess showing a decrease in surface and near‐surface layers. Our data suggests that the interplay of stratigraphic noise, accumulation intermittency, and local post‐depositional processes form the proxy signal in the upper snowpack.
Substorm Onset Prediction Using Machine Learning Classified Auroral Images
Authors: Sado P. , Clausen L. B. N. , Miloch W. J. , Nickisch H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe classify all sky images from four seasons, transform the classification results into time‐series data to include information about the evolution of images and combine these with information on the onset of geomagnetic substorms. We train a lightweight classifier on this data set to predict the onset of substorms within a 15 min interval after being shown information of 30 min of aurora. The best classifier achieves a balanced accuracy of 59% with a recall rate of 39% and false positive rate of 20%. We show that the classifier is limited by the strong imbalance in the data set of approximately 50:1 between negative and positive events. All software and results are open source and freely available.
Utility of molecular subtypes and genetic alterations for evaluating clinical outcomes in 1029 patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: Asami Yuka , Kobayashi Kato Mayumi , Hiranuma Kengo , Matsuda Maiko , Shimada Yoko , Ishikawa Mitsuya , Koyama Takafumi , Komatsu Masaaki , Hamamoto Ryuji , Nagashima Minoru , Terao Yasuhisa , Itakura Atsuo , Kohno Takashi , Sekizawa Akihiko , Matsumoto Koji , Kato Tomoyasu , Shiraishi Kouya , Yoshida Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
We investigated the utility of a molecular classifier tool and genetic alterations for predicting prognosis in Japanese patients with endometrial cancer.

Methods
A total of 1029 patients with endometrial cancer from two independent cohorts were classified into four molecular subtype groups. The primary and secondary endpoints were relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively.

Results
Among the 265 patients who underwent initial surgery, classified according to immunohistochemistry, patients with DNA polymerase epsilon exonuclease domain mutation had an excellent prognosis (RFS and OS), patients with no specific molecular profile (NSMP) and mismatch repair protein deficiency had an intermediate prognosis, and those with protein 53 abnormal expression (p53abn) had the worst prognosis (P < 0.001). In the NSMP group, mutant KRAS and wild-type ARID1A were associated with significantly poorer 5-year RFS (41.2%) than other genomic characteristics (P < 0.001). The distribution of the subtypes differed significantly between patients with recurrence/progression and classified by sequencing (n = 764) and patients who underwent initial surgery (P < 0.001). Among patients with recurrence/progression, 51.4% had the opportunity to receive molecular targeted therapy.

Conclusions
A molecular classifier is a useful tool for determining prognosis and eligibility for molecularly targeted therapy in patients with endometrial cancer.
Regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by cancer-derived circular RNAs
Authors: Guan Liping , Hao Qian , Shi Fenfen , Gao Bo , Wang Mengxin , Zhou Xiang , Han Tao , Ren Wenjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNAs) is a covalently closed circular non-coding RNA formed by reverse back-splicing from precursor messenger RNA. It is found widely in eukaryotic cells and can be released to the surrounding environment and captured by other cell types. This, circRNAs serve as connections between different cell types for the mediation of multiple signaling pathways. CircRNAs reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME), a key factor involved in all stages of cancer development, by regulating epithelial-stromal transformation, tumor vascularization, immune cell function, and inflammatory responses. Immune cells are the most abundant cellular TME components, and they have profound toxicity to cancer cells. This review summarizes circRNA regulation of immune cells, including T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages; highlights the impact of circRNAs on tumor progression, treatment, and prognosis; and indicates new targets for tumor immunotherapy.
The association between dietary trajectories across childhood and blood pressure in early adolescence: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children
Authors: Cosier Denelle , Charlton Karen , Schoenaker Danielle A. J. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardio-metabolic risk factors, including hypertension, are increasingly appearing in childhood. The aims of this study were to examine the associations between dietary trajectories across childhood and subsequent blood pressure (BP) at age 10/11, and to further determine whether these associations were explained by BMI or fat mass.MethodsData from 4360 participants from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children were analysed. Dietary scores were computed based on similarity of intake to the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify distinct dietary trajectories based on participant’s individual dietary scores at up to four timepoints between age 4 and 11. Linear regression models examined the associations between dietary trajectories and BP measured at age 10/11. Models were adjusted for relevant covariates, and BMI or fat mass.ResultsFour dietary trajectories were identified: “never healthy” (4.3%); “moderately healthy” (23.1%); “becoming less healthy” (14.2%); and “always healthy” (58.4%). Children in the “always healthy” trajectory had a lower systolic (−2.19 mmHg; 95% CI −3.78, −0.59) and diastolic BP (−1.71; −2.95, −0.47), compared with children in the “never healthy” trajectory after covariate adjustment. These associations were attenuated after additional adjustment for BMI or fat mass, but remained significant for diastolic BP.ConclusionsA dietary trajectory mostly aligned with the Australian Dietary Guidelines across childhood was associated with slightly lower BP at age 10/11, which was not fully explained by BMI or fat mass. These findings support the need to encourage and enable healthy dietary habits early in childhood to attenuate the increasing burden of cardio-metabolic disease.
Deep reinforcement learning-based pairwise DNA sequence alignment method compatible with embedded edge devices
Authors: Lall Aryan , Tallur Siddharth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSequence alignment is an essential component of bioinformatics, for identifying regions of similarity that may indicate functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships between the sequences. Genome-based diagnostics relying on DNA sequencing have benefited hugely from the boom in computing power in recent decades, particularly due to cloud-computing and the rise of graphics processing units (GPUs) and other advanced computing platforms for running advanced algorithms. Translating the success of such breakthroughs in diagnostics to affordable solutions for low-cost healthcare requires development of algorithms that can operate on the edge instead of in the cloud, using low-cost and low-power electronic systems such as microcontrollers and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). In this work, we present EdgeAlign, a deep reinforcement learning based method for performing pairwise DNA sequence alignment on stand-alone edge devices. EdgeAlign uses deep reinforcement learning to train a deep Q-network (DQN) agent for performing sequence alignment on fixed length sub-sequences, using a sliding window that is scanned over the length of the entire sequence. The hardware resource-consumption for implementing this scheme is thus independent of the lengths of the sequences to be aligned, and is further optimized using a novel AutoML based method for neural network model size reduction. Unlike other algorithms for sequence alignment reported in literature, the model demonstrated in this work is highly compact and deployed on two edge devices (NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit and Digilent Arty A7-100T, containing Xilinx XC7A35T Artix-7 FPGA) for demonstration of alignment for sequences from the publicly available Influenza sequences at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Virus Data Hub.
Non-invasive biomechanical assessment of the prolapsed vaginal wall: an explorative pilot study on cutometry and indentometry
Authors: Latul Yani P. , Kastelein Arnoud W. , de Graaf Boris C. , Guler Zeliha , Roovers Jan-Paul W. R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe clinical assessment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and associated treatment strategies is currently limited to anatomical and subjective outcome measures, which have limited reproducibility and do not include functional properties of vaginal tissue. The objective of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of using cutometry and indentometry for non-invasive biomechanical assessment of the vaginal wall in women with POP. Both techniques were applied on the vaginal wall of 20 women indicated for surgical correction of POP stage two or higher. The primary outcome was the measurement success rate. Measurements were considered successful if biomechanical parameters were generated after a maximum of three attempts. Secondary outcomes included acquisition time, number of attempts to obtain a successful measurement, and biomechanical parameters. Measurements were successfully performed on the anterior vaginal wall of 12 women with cystocele and the posterior vaginal wall of eight women with rectocele. The success rate was 100% for both techniques and acquisition time was under 1 minute for all 20 measurements. Tissue fast elasticity of the posterior vaginal wall (rectocele) was significantly higher than that of the anterior vaginal wall (cystocele) and negatively correlated with age (r = − 0.57,P < 0.05). In women with POP, measuring the biomechanical properties of the vaginal wall using cutometry and indentometry is technically feasible. Objective evaluation of biomechanical properties may help to understand the pathophysiology behind surgical outcomes, providing an opportunity for the identification of patients at risk for (recurrent) prolapse, and individualized treatment decisions.
Long-term sentinel surveillance of enteroviruses in Gwangju, South Korea, 2011–2020
Authors: Kim Min Ji , Lee Ji-eun , Kim Kwang gon , Park Duck Woong , Cho Sun Ju , Kim Tae sun , Kee Hye-young , Kim Sun-Hee , Park Hye jung , Seo Mi Hee , Chung Jae Keun , Seo Jin-jong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHuman enteroviruses (EVs) are associated with a broad spectrum of diseases. To understand EV epidemiology, we present longitudinal data reflecting changing EV prevalence patterns in South Korea. We collected 7160 specimens from patients with suspected EV infections in ten hospitals in Gwangju, Korea during 2011–2020. RNA extraction and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using EV-specific probes and primers were performed. EV genotyping and phylogenetic analysis were performed; EVs were detected in 3076 samples (43.0%), and the annual EV detection rate varied. EV infection rates did not differ with sex, and children aged ≤ 4 years were the most prone to EV infection; this trend did not change over time. Overall, 35 different EV types belonging to four distinctive species and rhinoviruses were identified. Although serotype distribution changed annually, the most frequently observed EVs were EV-A71 (13.1% of the cases), CVA6 (8.3%), CVB5 (7.6%), CVA16 (7.6%), CVA10 (7.5%), E18 (7.5%), E30 (7.0%), and E11 (5.0%) during 2011–2020. The predominant EV genotypes by clinical manifestation were CVB5 for aseptic meningitis; EV-A71 for hand, foot, and mouth disease cases; and CVA10 for herpangina. These results will aid the development of vaccines against EV infection and allow comprehensive disease control.
Chitosan bead containing metal–organic framework encapsulated heteropolyacid as an efficient catalyst for cascade condensation reaction
Authors: Sadjadi Samahe , Abedian-Dehaghani Neda , Heydari Abolfazl , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing cyclodextrin and chitosan that are bio-based compounds, a novel bi-functional catalytic composite is designed, in which metal–organic framework encapsulated phosphomolybdic acid was incorporated in a dual chitosan-cyclodextrin nanosponge bead. The composite was characterized via XRD, TGA, ICP, BET, NH3-TPD, FTIR, FE-SEM/EDS, elemental mapping analysis and its catalytic activity was examined in alcohol oxidation and cascade alcohol oxidation–Knoevenagel condensation reaction. It was found that the designed catalyst that possess both acidic feature and redox potential could promote both reactions in aqueous media at 55 °C and various substrates with different electronic features could tolerate the aforementioned reactions to furnish the products in 75–95% yield. Furthermore, the catalyst could be readily recovered and recycled for five runs with slight loss of the catalytic activity. Notably, in this composite the synergism between the components led to high catalytic activity, which was superior to each component. In fact, the amino groups on the chitosan served as catalysts, while cyclodextrin nanosponge mainly acted as a phase transfer agent. Moreover, measurement of phosphomolybdic acid leaching showed that its incorporation in metal–organic framework and bead structure could suppress its leaching, which is considered a drawback for this compound. Other merits of this bi-functional catalyst were its simplicity, use of bio-based compounds and true catalysis, which was proved via hot filtration.
Anticancer evaluation and molecular docking of new pyridopyrazolo-triazine and pyridopyrazolo-triazole derivatives
Authors: Elmorsy Mohamed R. , Abdel-Latif Ehab , Gaffer Hatem E. , Mahmoud Samar E. , Fadda Ahmed A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract3-Amino-4,6-dimethylpyrazolopyridine was applied as a precursor for the synthesis of some new pyridopyrazolo-triazine and pyridopyrazolo-triazole derivatives through diazotization, followed by coupling with many 2-cyanoacetamide compounds, ethyl 3-(phenylamino)-3-thioxopropanoate, 3-oxo-N-phenylbutanethioamide, and α-bromo-ketone reagents [namely; 2-bromo-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethan-1-one, 5-bromo-2-(bromoacetyl)thiophene, 3-(2-bromoacetyl)-2H-chromen-2-one and/or 3-chloroacetylacetone]. The prepared compounds were identified by spectroscopic analyses as IR, 1H NMR, and mass data. The anticancer activity of these pyrazolopyridine analogues was investigated in colon, hepatocellular, breast, and cervix carcinoma cell lines. The pyridopyrazolo-triazine compound 5a substituted with a carboxylate group gave a distinguished value of IC50 = 3.89 µM against the MCF-7 cell line compared to doxorubicin as a reference drug. Also, the pyridopyrazolo-triazine compound 6a substituted with the carbothioamide function gave good activity toward HCT-116 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 12.58 and 11.71 µM, respectively. The discovered pyrazolopyridine derivatives were studied theoretically by molecular docking, and this study exhibited suitable binding between the active sides of pyrazolopyridine ligands and proteins (PDB ID: 5IVE). The pyridopyrazolo-triazine compound 6a showed the highest free binding energy (− 7.8182 kcal/mol) when docked inside the active site of selected proteins.
Effect of fluid overload on survival in patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury receiving continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Kim Il Young , Kim Suji , Ye Byung Min , Kim Min Jeong , Kim Seo Rin , Lee Dong Won , Kim Hyo Jin , Rhee Harin , Song Sang Heon , Seong Eun Young , Lee Soo Bong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe association between fluid overload and survival has not been well elucidated in critically ill patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SIAKI) receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). We investigated the optimal cutoff value of fluid overload for predicting mortality and whether minimizing fluid overload through CRRT is associated with a survival benefit in these patients. We examined 543 patients with SIAKI who received CRRT in our intensive care unit. The degree of cumulative fluid overload in relation to body weight was expressed as the percentage fluid overload (%FO). %FO was further subdivided into %FO from AKI diagnosis to CRRT initiation (%FOpreCRRT) and total fluid overload (%FOtotal). The best cutoff value of fluid overload for predicting the 28-day mortality was %FOpreCRRT > 4.6% and %FOtotal > 9.6%. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that patients with %FOpreCRRT > 4.6% and %FOtotal > 9.6% were 1.9 times and 3.37 times more likely to die than those with %FOpreCRRT ≤ 4.6% and %FOtotal ≤ 9.6%. The 28-day mortality was the highest in patients with %FOpreCRRT > 4.6% and %FOtotal > 9.6% (84.7%), followed by those with %FOpreCRRT ≤ 4.6% and %FOtotal > 9.6% (65.0%), %FOpreCRRT > 4.6% and %FOtotal ≤ 9.6% (43.6%), and %FOpreCRRT ≤ 4.6% and %FOtotal ≤ 9.6% (22%). This study demonstrated that fluid overload was independently associated with the 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with SIAKI. Future prospective studies are needed to determine whether minimizing fluid overload using CRRT improves the survival of these patients.
A mixed-methods study on impact of silicosis on tuberculosis treatment outcomes and need for TB-silicosis collaborative activities in India
Authors: Rupani Mihir P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlobally, silicosis and tuberculosis (TB) have been targeted for elimination by 2030. The study’s objectives were to determine the association of silicosis with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes, as well as to explore experts’ perspectives on improving treatment outcomes among silico-tuberculosis patients. A retrospective cohort study evaluated TB treatment outcomes in Khambhat block, the western part of India, between 138 patients with silico-tuberculosis and 2610 TB patients without silicosis in February–March 2022. ‘Unfavorable TB treatment outcomes’ was defined as a patient stopping treatment for at least one month, a positive sputum smear at the end of treatment, or, a patient dying while on treatment. During April–July 2022, fifteen in-depth interviews with experts in the field of silicosis/tuberculosis were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to generate codes (thematic analysis). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, patients with silico-tuberculosis had a 2.3 (95% CI 1.6–3.4) times higher odds of unfavorable treatment outcomes. The experts recommended collaborative TB-silicosis activities for improving treatment outcomes of patients with silico-tuberculosis. I conclude from the study’s findings that silicosis is associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes in this study setting. All patients with silicosis should be screened for TB and treated according to national TB program guidelines. All patients with TB who have a history of occupational dust exposure should be evaluated for silicosis and provided appropriate pulmonary/vocational rehabilitation.