bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Novel Genetic Markers for the Risk of Spinal Pathologies
Authors: Bovonratwet Patawut , Kulm Scott , Kolin David A. , Song Junho , Morse Kyle W. , Cunningham Matthew E. , Albert Todd J. , Sandhu Harvinder S. , Kim Han Jo , Iyer Sravisht , Elemento Olivier , Qureshi Sheeraz A. 
Published: March 2023

Background:Identifying genetic risk factors for spinal disorders may lead to knowledge regarding underlying molecular mechanisms and the development of new treatments.Methods:Cases of lumbar spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, and pseudarthrosis after spinal fusion were identified from the UK Biobank. Controls were patients without the diagnosis. Whole-genome regressions were used to test for genetic variants potentially implicated in the occurrence of each phenotype. External validation was performed in FinnGen.Results:A total of 389,413 participants were identified from the UK Biobank. A locus on chromosome 2 spanning GFPT1, NFU1, AAK1, and LOC124906020 was implicated in lumbar spondylolisthesis. Two loci on chromosomes 2 and 12 spanning genes GFPT1, NFU1, and PDE3A were implicated in spinal stenosis. Three loci on chromosomes 6, 10, and 15 spanning genes CHST3, LOC102723493, and SMAD3 were implicated in degenerative disc disease. Finally, 2 novel loci on chromosomes 5 and 9, with the latter corresponding to the LOC105376270 gene, were implicated in pseudarthrosis. Some of these variants associated with spinal stenosis and degenerative disc disease were also replicated in FinnGen.Conclusions:This study revealed nucleotide variations in select genetic loci that were potentially implicated in 4 different spinal pathologies, providing potential insights into the pathological mechanisms.Level of Evidence:PrognosticLevel III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Face Detection Based on Cascaded Multivariate Branches Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Xu Ziming , Wang Tongxi , Shi Zhan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To improve MTCNN’s face detection accuracy, this paper proposes multivariate branches block (MBB) and dilated convolutional block (DCB), and we design a cascaded multivariate branch convolutional neural network model(MB-MTCNN) based on these two structural blocks. First, the model consists of three subnetworks, and we replace the first convolutional block of each subnetwork with a dilated convolutional block. Second, replace the second convolutional block of the second and third subnetworks with MBB. In addition, we add a BN layer after each convolutional layer to accelerate the training speed of the model. Finally, we introduce a structural re-parameterization method to reduce the model’s overhead in inference. Experimental results show that our model increases the True Positive Rate (TPR) by 4.48% on the FDDB datasets, improves the average accuracy by 8.08%, 8.65%, and 10.29% on the three levels of validation sets of Wider Face datasets, 8.31% and 2.08% on the AFW and CelebA datasets, respectively. Moreover, based on structural re-parameterization, the model parameters during inference are 14.68% lower than training. This model is suitable for scenarios that require accurate detection of faces, such as crowded stations and traffic arteries.
Performance Analysis of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing using Regression Algorithms
Authors: reddy Lakshmikanth , M Meena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recently, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) became an emerging technology due to its advantages in using the spectrum efficiently. In this paper CSS is integrated with the Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to improve the sensing of users which is possible with ML algorithms only in estimating the channel status. Further, the various popular machine learning models for regression are discussed with relevant mathematical analysis such as Linear Regression, Nonlinear Regression, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Support Vector Machine Regression (SVM), Generalized Linear Model, Regression Tree, Shallow Neural Network, Deep Neural Network and Regression Tree Ensembles. In this paper, 20 primary users are assumed with different energy levels by maintaining a maximum energy of 20 units and a threshold value of 4 units is fixed for all four scenarios and obtained results are analyzed. In this regard, we concluded a best fit line to extract the features such that the linear regression has been chosen. In addition, various transformations also applied for further improvement in regression to obtain the best results.
Analysis on Energy Efficient Clustering-Based Data Aggregation Technique for Heterogeneous Network in WSN
Authors: Kaur Amanjot , AULAKH INDERDEEP KAUR , MALHOTRA MEENAKSHI 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Every field is challenging same as with WSN. In the past few years, WSN is becoming more popular by reason of its features like scalability, adaptability, etc. but it is also facing various configuration problems but energy exhaustion is a serious issue in WSN. A number of protocols are introduced to save energy and maximize the network's lifetime. Hierarchical cluster-based protocols are considered as most energy-efficient protocols of all. The energy-efficient protocols provide healthier data aggregation and select one node as cluster head to communicate on behalf of other nodes to BS when an immense amount of data is transmitted from many nodes to the base station. In this paper, the data aggregation technique-based clustering protocol for a heterogeneous network is proposed. In this technique, a two-level approach for a heterogeneous network is used to divide nodes into two groups refined nodes and regular nodes. Initially, refined nodes have double energy in comparison to regular nodes. The proposed technique chooses the most energy efficient node as CH from refined nodes and regular nodes to increase the network’s lifetime. CH collects data from sensor nodes and aggregates data at the cluster level and forward it to BS. The proposed technique is compared with various existing routing protocols to measure its performance. MATLAB simulator is used to measure the performance of the proposed technique.
Re-distribution of volatiles on the airless surface of the C-type carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu.
Authors: Matsumoto Toru , Noguchi Takaaki , Miyake Akira , Igami Yohei , Haruta Mitsutaka , Seto Yusuke , Miyahara Masaaki , Tomioka Naotaka , Saito Hikaru , Hata Satoshi , Harries Dennis , Takigawa Aki , Nakauchi Yuusuke , Tachibana Shogo , Nakamura Tomoki , Matsumoto Megumi , Ishii Hope , Bradley John , Ohtaki Kenta , Dobrică Elena , Leroux Hugues , Guillou Corentin Le , Jacob Damien , Peña Francisco de la , Laforet Sylvain , Marinova Maya , Langenhorst Falko , Beck Pierre , Phan Thi , Rebois Rolando , Abreu Neyda , Gray Jennifer , Zega Thomas , Zanetta Pierre-Marie , Thompson Michelle , Stroud Rhonda , Burgess Katherine , Cymes Brittany , Bridges John , Hicks Leon , Lee Martin , Daly Luke , Bland Phil , Zolensky Michael , Frank David , Martinez James , Tsuchiyama Akira , Yasutake Masahiro , Matsuno Junya , Okumura Shota , Mitsukawa Itaru , Uesugi Kentaro , Uesugi Masayuki , Takeuchi Akihisa , Sun Mingqi , Enju Satomi , Michikami Tatsuhiro , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Naraoka Hiroshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Yada Toru , Nishimura Masahiro , Nakato Aiko , Miyazaki Akiko , Yogata Kasumi , Abe Masanao , Okada Tatsuaki , Usui Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Makoto , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Nakazawa Satoru , Watanabe Sei-ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Volatile components are abundant in carbonaceous asteroids and can be important tracers for the evolution of asteroid surfaces interacting with the space environment, but their behavior on airless surfaces is poorly understood. Samples from the C-type carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu show dehydration of phyllosilicate, indicating ongoing surface modifications on the aqueously-altered asteroid. Here we report the analysis of Ryugu samples showing selective liberation of carbon, oxygen, and sulfur from iron-rich oxide, sulfide, and carbonate, which are major products of aqueous alteration. These mineral surfaces are decomposed to metallic iron, iron nitride, and magnesium-iron oxide. The modifications are most likely caused by solar wind implantation and micrometeorite impacts and are distinct indicators of surface space exposure over 103 years. Nitridation of metallic iron may require micrometeorites rich in solid nitrogen compounds, which implies that the amount of nitrogen available for planetary formation in the inner solar system is larger than previously recognized.
Critical appraisal in rapid systematic reviews of COVID-19 studies: implementation of the Quality Criteria Checklist (QCC)
Authors: Duval Daphne , Pearce-Smith Nicola , Palmer Jennifer C , Sarfo-Annin Jason Kwasi , Rudd Paul , Clark Rachel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this letter we briefly describe how we selected and implemented the quality criteria checklist (QCC) as a critical appraisal tool in rapid systematic reviews conducted to inform public health advice, guidance and policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. As these rapid reviews usually included a range of study designs, it was key to identify a single tool that would allow for reliable critical appraisal across most experimental and observational study designs and applicable to a range of public health topics. After carefully considering a number of existing tools, the QCC was selected as it had good interrater agreement between three reviewers (Fleiss kappa coefficient: 0.639) and was found to be easy and fast to apply once familiar with the tool. The QCC consists of 10 questions, with sub-questions to specify how it should be applied to a specific study design. Four of these questions are considered as critical (on selection bias, group comparability, intervention/exposure assessment and outcome assessment) and the rating of a study (high, moderate or low methodological quality) depends on the responses to these four critical questions. Our results suggest that the QCC is an appropriate critical appraisal tool to assess experimental and observational studies in systematic or rapid reviews and that it can be used in a range of public health topics.
Early Detection of Deterioration in COVID-19 Patients by Continuous Ward Respiratory Rate Monitoring: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rivas Eva , López-Baamonde Manuel , Sanahuja Josep , Rio Elena Del , Ramis Tomeu , Recasens Anna , López Antonio , Arias Marilyn , Kampakis Stylianos , Lauteslager Timo , Awara Osama , Mascha Edward J. , Soriano Alex , Badía Joan Ramon , Castro Pedro , Sessler Daniel I. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Tachypnea is among the earliest signs of pulmonary decompensation. Contactless continuously respiratory rate monitoring might beuseful in isolated COVID-19 patients admitted in wards. We aim to determine whether continuous untethered ward respiratory rate patterns in hospitalized COVID-19 identify patients who require escalation of pulmonary management 24 hours ahead of time.
Methods
Single-center pilot prospective cohort study in COVID-19 patients who were cared for in routine wards. COVID-19 patients who has at least one escalation of pulmonary management were matched to 3 non-escalated patients. Contactless Breathing Monitoring was instituted after patients enrolled, and continued for 15 days unless hospital discharge, initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation, or death occurred. Respiratory rate data from the continuous monitor was not available to clinicians. The exposures were respiratory features over rolling periods of 30 min, 24 hours, and 72 hours before respiratory care escalation. The primary outcome was escalation in the pulmonary care beyond Venturi-mask.
Results
Among 125 included patients, 13 exhibited at least one escalation and were each matched to 3 non-escalated patients. A total of 28 escalation events were matched to 84 non-escalation episodes. The 30-min mean respiratory rate in escalated patients was 23 breaths per minute (bpm) ranging from 13 to 40 bpm, similar to the 22 bpm in non-escalated patients, although with less variability (range 14 to 31 bpm). However, higher respiratory rate variability, especially skewness over 1 day, was associated with higher incidence of an escalation event. Our overall model, based on continuous data, had a moderate accuracy with an AUC 0.81 (95%CI:0.73,0.88) and a good specificity 0.93 (95%CI:0.87,0.99).
Conclusions
Our pilot observational study suggests that continuous respiratory monitoring and respiratory rate variability are associated with the need for care escalation 24 hours in advance. ur results suggest that continuous respiratory monitoring is a valuable increment over intermittent monitoring.
A195V mutation identified in sudden cardiac death decreases membrane localization and activation current density and abolishes cAMP sensitivity of HCN4 channels
Authors: Wu Qiuping , Zhang Kai , Yue Jiacheng , Hu Bingjie , Cheng Jianding 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mutation A195V in hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4 (HCN4) channel was identified to be genetically associated with sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by us and other group, respectively. However, the underlying mechanism by which this rare variant causes SUNDS and SIDS remains unknow. In this study, HEK293 cells were transfected with wild type or mutant A195V HCN4 plasmid. qPCR, western blot and confocal analysis were conducted to analyze the expression of HCN4 channels. Whole cell clamp was used to analyze the activation current and tail current of HCN4 channels with and without cAMP stimulation. The results showed that A195V decreased the expression and membrane localization of HCN4 channels. Consistent with this, A195V also decreased the activation current density of HCN4 channels under − 140mV to -100mv and under − 50mV to -40mV. The present study was the first to clarify the decreased expression of HCN4 protein and the decreased activation current density and abolished cAMP sensitivity of HCN4 channels caused by A195V, which biophysically confirmed HCN4 A195V as the pathogenic variation for SUNDS and SIDS.
Controlled synthetic chirality in macroscopic assemblies of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Doumani Jacques , Lou Minhan , Dewey Oliver , Hong Nina , Fan Jichao , Baydin Andrey , Yomogida Yohei , Yanagi Kazuhiro , Pasquali Matteo , Saito Riichiro , Kono Junichiro , Gao Weilu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is an emerging recognition that successful utilization of chiral degrees of freedom can bring new scientific and technological opportunities to diverse research areas. Hence, methods are being sought for creating artificial matter with controllable chirality in an uncomplicated and reproducible manner. Here, we report the development of two straightforward methods for fabricating wafer-scale chiral architectures of ordered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with tunable and giant circular dichroism (CD). Both methods employ simple approaches, (i) mechanical rotation and (ii) twist-stacking, based on controlled vacuum filtration and do not involve any sophisticated nanofabrication processes. We used a racemic mixture of CNTs as the starting material, so the intrinsic chirality of chiral CNTs is not responsible for the observed chirality. In particular, by controlling the stacking angle and handedness in (ii), we were able to maximize the CD response and achieve a record-high deep-ultraviolet ellipticity of 40 ± 1 mdeg/nm. Our theoretical simulations using the transfer matrix method reproduce the salient features of the experimentally observed CD spectra and further predict that a film of twist-stacked CNTs with an optimized thickness will exhibit an ellipticity as high as 150 mdeg/nm. The created wafer-scale objects represent a new class of synthetic chiral matter consisting of ordered quantum wires whose macroscopic properties are governed by nanoscopic electronic signatures such as van Hove singularities. These artificial structures with engineered chirality will not only provide playgrounds for uncovering new chiral phenomena but also open up new opportunities for developing high-performance chiral photonic and optoelectronic devices.
Opioid Free Versus Opioid Based Anesthesia in Major Spine Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Barakat Hanane , Gholmieh Linda , Nader Jessy Abou , Karam Vanda Yazbeck , Nawwar Rony Al 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:The aim of this study is to compare the intraoperative opioid free anesthesia approach to the conventional opioid based anesthesia in patients undergoing multilevel spinal fusion surgery, and its impact on postoperative pain, opioid consumption, and related side effects.Methods:Forty-eight patients undergoing elective major spine surgery were randomly allocated to two groups. The Opioid-Free Anesthesia (OFA) group received dexmedetomidine 0.5mcg/kg/hr and lidocaine 1mg/kg/hr as continuous intravenous (IV) infusion for 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by dexmedetomidine 0.3 mcg/kg/hr and lidocaine 1.5mg/kg/hr as continuous IV infusion intraoperatively. The Opioid-Based Anesthesia (OBA) group received fentanyl 2mcg/kg during anesthesia induction and remifentanil 0.2-0.3 mcg/kg/min continuous IV infusion intraoperatively. All patients received ketamine 0.15mg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg for anesthesia induction and ketamine 0.15 mg/kg/hr with sevoflurane for anesthesia maintenance. All patients received a Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) device set to deliver IV morphine ready for use directly after discharge from the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) for 48 hours after surgery. Postoperative pain was measured using Verbal Analogue Scale (VAS). Opioid side effects were documented when present.Results: The OFA group required less morphine consumption in the first 24 hours post-surgery (17.28 ± 12.25 mg versus 27.96 ± 19.75 mg, p < 0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly lower in the OFA group. There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic changes intraoperatively among the two groups. However, more patients in the OFA group required antihypertensive medications compared to patients in the OBA group (p< 0.05). In the PACU, OFA patients had a significantly longer stay than OBA patients (114.1± 49.33 min versus 89.96 ± 30.71 min, p<0.05), yet there was no significant difference in the morphine consumption.Conclusion: OFA can be an alternative to OBA in patients undergoing multilevel spine fusion surgery. OFA use resulted in reduced need for analgesics for the first 24 hours and less postoperative nausea and vomiting.Trial registration:The study was conducted after receiving approval from local Institutional Review Board, Lebanese American University, Institutional Review Board (LAU IRB) (LAUMCRH.HB1.11/01/2018): and was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT03417193) and posted on 31/01/2018.
Asymptomatic Arbovirus, Campylobacter but no Hepatitis E Infections in German Travelers to Asia
Authors: Dammermann Werner , Haller Isabel-Elena , Singethan Katrin , Pischke Sven , Vinnemeyer Christof , Lüth Stefan , Hentschel Florian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Transmission of infectious travel diseases is increasing, especially in travelers from developed to developing countries. Still, the incidence of many travel diseases is not known, because retrospective surveillance systems do not detect asymptomatic infections.
Methods: We took medical history and blood samples of 81 German travelers before and after travelling to South and Southeast Asia. IgG, IgM, and if possible IgA antibody titers were measured for Dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Hepatitis E virus (HEV), and Camphylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni) using commercial ELISA kits. Additionally, we tested for Cytomegalovirus and Helicobacter pylori.
Results: No symptoms were reported. Still, we found one anti-ZIKV and two anti-DENV IgG seroconversions. For CHIKV, we found three individuals who were IgG-positive before travel and negative afterwards. We found five IgG seroconversions for C.jejuni and zero for HEV. We also found one IgG seroconversion for CMV, and zero for H.pylori. Calculated incidences were between zero and 6.5%.
Conclusion: Using serological analyses, we found a small but significant number of travel infections that would have gone unnoticed by retrospectively asking for symptoms alone. This suggests that the risk for these infections may be higher than previously estimated.
Mimicking Wagyu Beef Fat in Cultured Meat: Progress in Edible Bovine Adipose Tissue Production with Controllable Fatty Acid Composition
Authors: MATSUSAKI Michiya , Louis Fiona , Furuhashi Mai , Yoshinuma Haruka , Takeuchi Shoji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since the current process of livestock meat production has significant effects on the global environment, leading to high emissions of greenhouse gases, cultured meat has recently attracted attention as a suitable alternative way to acquire animal proteins. However, while most of the published studies on cell-cultured meat have only focused on muscle tissue culture, fat production which is an important component of the process, was often neglected from this technology, despite the fact that it can enhance the meat final taste, aroma, tenderness, texture, and palatability. In this study, we particularly added data on the bovine muscle part reconstruction by monitoring and optimizing the possible expansion rate of isolated primary bovine adipose stem cells and their adipogenesis differentiation in a fully edible way for cultured meat application. From the data, after around 100 days of serial passages, the isolated bovine adipose derived stem cells doubled 57 ± 5 times in the edible cell culture medium condition. It means that from around 10 g of fat muscle tissue, at least 2.9x1022 cells can be obtained by culturing and amplifying them. Their adipogenesis differentiation ability was then found possible up to at least 12 passages and the final lipid composition has been controlled by adjusting the fatty acids composition of the culture medium during the differentiation, up to reaching organoleptic features similar to real fat muscle composition, especially the cis isomer oleic acid percentage, an important part of the specific high-grade Japanese Wagyu meat. These characteristics of the primary bovine adipose derived stem cells proliferation and adipogenesis differentiation provide valuable insights into the production of meat alternatives in vitro.