bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population-based references for waist and hip circumferences, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios for children and adolescents, and evaluation of their predictive ability
Authors: Kułaga Zbigniew , Świąder-Leśniak Anna , Kotowska Aneta , Litwin Mieczysław 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Childhood obesity is a public health problem globally as well as in Poland. This paper aimed to provide age- and sex-specific waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) normative values for Polish children and adolescents aged 3 − 18 years for more precise monitoring of abdominal fat accumulation.
Methods
The WC, HC, WHtR and WHR references were constructed with the lambda, mu, sigma (LMS) method using data from two nationally representative health surveys: the OLA study and the OLAF study, the largest available pediatric surveys in Poland which provided measured height, weight, WC, HC and blood pressure for 22,370 children and adolescents aged 3 − 18 years. The predictive ability of newly established references for overweight/obesity as defined by the International Obesity Task Force criteria and elevated blood pressure was tested with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). Abdominal obesity cut-offs linked to adult cardiometabolic cut-offs were established.
Results
Reference values for WC, HC, WHtR and WHR are presented, as well as WC, WHtR and WHR cut-off values linked to adult’s cut-offs of cardiometabolic risk. The predictive value for overweight and obesity of population-based waist, hip and WHtR references was outstanding – AUC ROC > 0.95 in both sexes, whereas with regard to the elevated blood pressure predictive ability was low – AUC ROC < 0.65.
Conclusions
This paper presents the first waist, hip, WHtR and WHR references for Polish children and adolescents aged 3–18 years. The 90th and 95th percentile and cut-offs linked to adult thresholds for cardiometabolic risk are proposed as cut-offs for abdominal obesity.
Vitamin C combined with oregano essential oil, Origanum vulgare, reduced oxidative damage in Astyanax aff. bimaculatus exposed to air
Authors: Martins Maria Tatiana Soares , Condessa Suellen Silva , Cardoso Alex Júnio da Silva , Oliveira Jerusa Maria , Rocha Jheneze Guimarães Pereira , Gomes Juliana Rodrigues , Ferreira Pollyanna Moraes França , Valente Wanderson , Freitas Mariella Bontempo , Zuanon Jener Alexandre Sampaio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The dietary impacts of water-soluble (vitamin C) and fat-soluble (oregano essential oil, OEO) antioxidants on the stress responses and redox status of Astyanax aff. bimaculatus exposed to the air were assessed. Five diets with vitamin C (VC 0, VC 40, VC 80, VC 120, and VC 160 mg kg− 1) with or without OEO inclusion (0 or 1,000 mg kg− 1) were evaluated. After 55 days of feeding, fish were exposed to air for 5 min. VC 120 and VC 160 reduced glycemia. In the gills, VC 120 and VC 160 reduced oxidative damage (malondialdehyde, MDA, and carbonylated proteins, PC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity only in the presence of OEO. By contrast, in the absence of VC, OEO increased PC levels and SOD activity. In the liver, all VC concentrations, without OEO, reduced MDA, whereas, in the presence of OEO, vitamin C reduced MDA only at VC 40 e VC 160. All vitamin C concentrations, independently of OEO, reduced PC levels and SOD and catalase (CAT) activity. By contrast, OEO increased CAT and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity regardless of VC level. Although VC 40 with 1,000 mg kg− 1 OEO was sufficient to reduce oxidative damage to lipids in the gills and liver, reduction in protein and lipid damage in the gills was only obtained with at least VC 120 + OEO. Therefore, we recommend simultaneous supplementation of these antioxidants, as their combined use is more efficient in reducing oxidative damage in A. aff. bimaculatus subjected to air.
Consensus in the Weighted Voter Model with Noise-Free and Noisy Observations
Authors: Ganesh Ayalvadi , Hauert Sabine , Valla Emma 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Collective decision-making is an important problem in swarm robotics arising in many different contexts and applications. The Weighted Voter Model has been proposed to collectively solve the best-of-$k$ problem, and analysed in the thermodynamic limit. We present an exact finite-population analysis of this model on complete as well as regular network topologies. We also present a novel analysis of this model when agent evaluations of options suffer from measurement error. Our analytic results allow us to predict the expected outcome of collective decision-making on a swarm system without having to do extensive simulations or numerical computations. We show that the error probability, of reaching consensus on a suboptimal solution, is bounded away from 1 as the number of agents tends to infinity, provided at least one agent is initialised with the best solution. Moreover, the error probability tends to zero if the number of agents initialised with the best solution tends to infinity, however slowly compared to the total number of agents.
Haematological Parameters and Their Correlation With the Degree of Malaria Parasitaemia Among Outpatients Attending a Polyclinic
Authors: Antwi-Baffour Samuel , Mensah Benjamin Tetteh , Johnson George , Armah Dorinda Naa Okailey , Ali-Mustapha Samira , Annison Lawrence 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by various species of the blood parasite plasmodium and of all the parasitic diseases, malaria has the highest prevalence and mortality with an estimated 247 million cases and 619,000 deaths recorded worldwide as of 2021. Malaria causes febrile illness with several changes in blood cell parameters. Some of these changes include leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anaemia. If these changes could be correlated with the degree of parasitaemia, it can serve as a guide to physicians when treating malaria. This study was therefore aimed at correlating haematological parameters with levels of parasitemia during malaria infection.
Method: The study was a cross-sectional study involving 89 malaria positive patients. About 5ml of blood was collected from each participant who gave his or her informed consent to partake in the study. A full blood count was performed on their samples to determine their haematological parameters using a haematology auto-analyzer. A parasite count was also performed via microscopy to determine the degree of parasitaemia. The data obtained from the study was entered into a database and statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and Microsoft Excel 2016.
Results: the outcome of the study showed that, there was a correlation between the various haematological parameters and degree of parasitaemia. Regression analysis also showed that changes in the various hematological parameters (independent variables) resulted in various degrees of changes in parasitaemia (dependent variable).
Conclusion:The linear relationship (correlation) between WBC and MCH were the only significant ones at 95% and 99% confidence interval respectively based on a two-tail t-test. Also, based on the regression analysis, the changes caused by WBC and PLT were the only significant changes at 95% confidence level in a two-tailed t-test.
Numerical solution of Burgers’-Huxley equation using a higher order collocation method
Authors: Singh Aditi , Dahiya Sumita , Singh S. P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this manuscript, collocation method with cubic B-spline as basis function has been successfully applied to numerically solve Burgers’-Huxley equation. This equation illustrates a model for describing the interaction between reaction mechanisms, convection effects and diffusion transport. Quasi-linearization has been employed to deal with the nonlinearity of equations. Crank Nicolson scheme for discretisation of the equation is used. The stability of the method is discussed using Fourier series analysis (von Neumann method) and it has been concluded that the method is unconditionally stable. Various numerical experiments have been performed to demonstrate the authenticity of the scheme. We have found that the computed numerical solutions are in good agreement with the exact solutions and are competent with those available in the literature. Accuracy and minimal computational efforts are the key features of the proposed method.
Pediatric patient and guardian perceptions of medical student virtual attendance during in-person clinic visits
Authors: Moody Geralyn , Reed Sheridan , Braunreiter Chi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To gather patient, guardian, and provider perceptions of medical student virtually attending in-person patient visits.
Design: A 2-week study whereby a medical student virtually attended in-person patient visits in the pediatric hematology oncology outpatient clinic. Surveys were distributed to patients and/or guardians, and providers regarding perceptions of virtual student attendance and the impact on their in-person visits.
Results: 92% of patients and/or guardians approached to participate consented and completed their visit with a student attending virtually. 100% of patients and/or guardians would permit students to attend virtually during future visits. 100% of providers did not feel distracted by the student attending virtually. 81% would permit students to attend virtually if this was a recurring elective.
Conclusions: Pediatric hematology oncology patients and guardians were willing to trial this innovative learning strategy. Faculty buy-in and a seamless workflow should be planned carefully to maximize learning while minimizing disruption to patient care. Clear expectations and telemedicine training should be provided to students. Future elective design can include this type of virtual distance-learning with the goal of expanding learner opportunities.
Mapping of dressed and processed poultry products in Bangladesh: identifying the food safety risks for policy intervention
Authors: Ferdous Jinnat , Uddin Md Helal , Mahmud Rashed , Hennessey Matthew , Sattar Abdullah Al , Gupta Suman Das , Gibson Justine S. , Alders Robyn , Henning Joerg , Fournié Guillaume , Hoque Md. Ahasanul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bangladesh’s commercial poultry production is growing rapidly, including the commercial processing of poultry. This expansion of poultry processing plants is fueled by the belief that this sub-sector provides safer food and has less food-borne disease risks compared to traditional live bird markets (LBMs). The purpose of this study is to describe Bangladesh’s dressed poultry production and distribution network (PDN), identify what and where quality control occurs, and suggest where improvements could be made. Engaging with PDN for dressed poultry, we used in-depth interviews with key informants to identify the stakeholders involved and their connections with other poultry PDNs. In addition, we mapped out the supply and distribution of dressed poultry and quality control processes occurring throughout the network. We argue that dressed and processed poultry PDNs are closely connected with traditional PDNs such as LBMs, with multiple crossover points between them. Also, there is a lack of consistency in quality control testing and a lack of meat traceability. Consequently, perceptions of dressed and processed poultry being safer than birds from LBMs need to be treated with caution. Otherwise, unsubstantiated consumer confidence in dressed poultry may inadvertently increase the risk of food-borne diseases from these products.
Identification and validation of obesity related genes signature based on microenvironment phenotypes in prostate adenocarcinom
Authors: Liang Linghui , Shang Jinwei , Zhang Yuwei , Xu Yuxin , Zhouteng Yihui , Wen Jianxiang , Zhao Yuxin , Feng Ninghan , Zhao Ruizhe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background：The role of obesity related genes (ORGs) in the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) has not yet been proved by research.
Methods: We comprehensively evaluated the ORGs patterns in PRAD based on tumor microenvironment (TME) phenotypes and immunotherapy efficacies. Then we constructed a ORGs risk score for prognosis and a ORGs signature for accurate prediction of TME phenotype and immunotherapy efficacy in order to evaluate individual patients.
Results: Two distinct ORGs patterns were generated. The two ORGs patterns were consistent with inflammatory and non-inflammatory TME phenotypes. ORGs patterns had a important role for predicting immunotherapy efficacies. Next, we constructed a ORGs risk score for predicting each patient’s prognosis with high performance in TCGA-PRAD. The ORGs risk score could be well verified in the external cohorts including GSE70769 and GSE21034. Then, we developed a ORGs signature and found it was significantly positive correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in TCGA-PRAD. We found that each patients in the high-risk ORGs signature group represented a non-inflamed TME phenotype on the single cell level. The patients with high ORGs signature had more sensitive to immunotherapy. And those ORGs were verified.
Conclusion: ORGs pattern depicts different TME phenotypes in PRAD. The ORGs risk score and ORGs signature have important role for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy efficacies.
Characterization of Celluloic-Based Polymer of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth Pod (PMBP) and its Copper(II) ion Adsorption Performance
Authors: Nsude Okechukwu Paul , Orie Kingsley John , Owhoeke Elechi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The interest in cellulosic-based polymer materials is rapidly growing, both in industrial and basic research applications. This is based on its availability, renewability, low density, cheapness, biodegradability, and satisfactory mechanical properties. The research reports on the characterization of cellulosic-based polymers and copper (II) ion removal via Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth Pod (PMBP). Cellulose was successfully isolated from PMBP biomass via delignification and bleaching. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and deformation gravimetric analysis (DGA) were used to characterise the raw and isolated cellulose. The adsorbents were further characterized using adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic models. The isolated cellulose has better thermal stability, crystallinity, and porosity than the raw cellulose. The removal of the matrix material (most hemicelluloses and almost all the lignin) led to an increase in the crystallinity, morphology, and maintenance of the thermal stability of the cellulosic-based polymer. The functional group elucidation showed that both raw and isolated contained cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The kinetic investigation was fitted with a pseudo second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters affirmed that the evacuation of Cu(II)ions was plausible, unconstrained, and exothermic in nature. The adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies show that both raw and cellulosic-based polymers can serve as Cu(II) ion removers, with a preference for cellulosic-based polymers. It therefore implies that cellulosic-based polymers obtained from PMBP could be used for copper (II) ion removal in water and industrial waste.
Risk potential of international fruit trade for viroid spreading - case study on hop viroids in Europe
Authors: Hagemann Michael Helmut , Treiber Charlotte , Born Ute , Schrader Gritta , Stampfl Johannes , Jakše Jernej , Radišek Sebastjan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most hops are produced in Europe; therefore, it is alarming that the citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd), the causal agent of the severe hop stunt disease, was detected in different nonadjacent hop growing countries. It is still unclear how the initial infection occurred since CBCVd is typically found in citrus and not in hops. To extent data for a viroid risk assessment, potential hosts were tested for the presence of viroids in grocery stores in the hop producing areas of Slovenia and Germany. Samples positive for hop-pathogenic viroids were further used for infection studies. The surveys covered CBCVd, hop stunt viroid (HSVd), citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), citrus dwarfing viroid (CDVd), citrus viroid V (CVdV), and citrus bent leaf viroid (CBLVd). The results show that all tested viroids can be found in fruits sold in grocery stores, thus there is a risk of introducing CBCVd, HSVd, and other viroids into the hop growing regions via imported fruits and their remains. Furthermore, the transmission study reveals that CBCVd and HSVd infected citrus fruits can be infectious, irrespective of whether in the form of RNA inoculum, injected sap, or fruit peel in the soil. Finally, the phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequence diversity within viroid samples is high and that CBCVd and HSVd sequence variants can be found, which are almost identical to variants confirmed in hop. We assumed that fruit imports contribute to international viroid spreading and inappropriate handling like fruit waste deposition to agricultural lands is a serious risk factor.
Oxidative Two-State Photoreactivity of a Manganese(IV) Complex using NIR Light
Authors: East Nathan , Naumann Robert , Förster Christoph , Ramanan Charusheela , Diezemann Gregor , Heinze Katja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Highly reducing or oxidizing photocatalysts are a fundamental challenge in the field of inorganic and organic photochemistry. Only a few transition metal complexes with earth-abundant metal ions have so far advanced to excited state oxidants, including chromium, iron and cobalt. All these photocatalysts require high energy light for excitation and their oxidizing power has not been fully exploited due to significant energy dissipation before reaching the photoactive state. Herein we demonstrate that the complex [Mn(dgpy)2] 4+ based on earth-abundant manganese can be excited with low-energy NIR light (850 nm, 1.46 eV) to yield a luminescent mixed 2 LMCT/ 2MC excited state (1435 nm, 0.86 eV) with a lifetime of 1.6 ns. The dissipated energy amounts to 0.60 eV. In spite of this energy loss, *[Mn(dgpy)2] 4+ with its excited state redox potential Ered* of 1.80 V vs SCE outcompetes the strongest reported precious metal photooxidant (iridium(III)). *[Mn(dgpy)2] 4+ oxidizes naphthalene (Eox≈1.31 – 1.54 V vs. SCE) to its radical cation giving the manganese(III) complex [Mn(dgpy)2] 3+ in a clean outer-sphere electron transfer process. Unexpectedly, mesitylene, toluene, benzene and nitriles with even extremely high oxidation potentials up to Eox = 2.4 V provoke the [Mn(dgpy)2] 4+/3+ reduction under photolysis. A higher energy short-lived 4 LMCT excited state with a lifetime of 0.78 ps is made responsible for these demanding oxidations, which proceed by static rather than dynamic quenching. This dual excited state reactivity from 2 LMCT/ 2MC and 4 LMCT states is linked to the 4LMCT→2 LMCT/ 2MC intersystem crossing process. These unique findings demonstrate how the design of manganese complexes (i) expands the absorption cross section to 400 – 850 nm, (ii) increases the 2 LMCT/ 2MC state lifetime to the nanosecond range allowing luminescence and classical dynamic photoredox processes and (iii) enables non-classical static quenching of an extremely oxidizing 4 LMCT excited state by the solvent. This conceptually novel approach of static quenching by the solvent minimizes free energy losses, harnesses the full photooxidizing power and thus allows even oxidation of nitriles and benzene using earth-abundant elements and low-energy light.
Fast and Scalable Unsupervised Deep Subgraph Anomaly Detection
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zhao Liang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Mining anomalous subgraphs in networks is a crucial task in various application scenarios, such as disease outbreak detection, financial fraud detection, and activity monitoring in social networks. However , identifying anomalous subgraphs is a challenging problem due to their complex topological structures, high-dimensional attributes, various notions of anomalies, and the exponentially large subgraph searching space in a given graph. Classical shallow models typically rely on handcrafted anomaly measure functions, which are not effective when prior knowledge is unavailable. To address this issue, deep learning-based methods have been proposed as an end-to-end way of learning anomaly measure functions. However, while these methods have been successful in detecting node-level, edge-level, and graph-level anomalies, detecting anomalous subgraphs has been largely underex-plored due to difficulties in subgraph representation learning, lackness of supervision, end-to-end anomaly quantification, and their scalability. In this paper, we propose a novel deep framework called the Anomalous Subgraph Autoencoder (AS-GAE) to extract anomalous subgraphs in an unsupervised and weakly-supervised manner. To enhance the scal-ability of our proposed model on large-scale graphs, we further design an edge sampling technique that reduces the time and memory complexity from a quadratic term of the number of nodes to a linear term of the number of edges. Our proposed method is demonstrated to be superior in terms of accuracy and efficiency through extensive experiments on two synthetic datasets and nine real-world datasets.
A novel privacy-aware global infrastructure for ecological footprint calculator (GIEFC) based on internet of things and blockchain
Authors: ELSAKAAN Nadim , AMROUN Kamal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Climate change and global warming are the greatest harmful consequences of human activity. Indeed, Human technological development and demographic growth has been accompanied by globalization. In this new era, the logistics revolution has removed borders and industrial value chains have been distributed all over the world. It is becoming difficult to attribute responsibilities for ecological impacts accurately, since consumers are not necessarily in the same area as the countries of manufacture or extraction of raw materials. At the same time, a new paradigm called the Internet of Things has come to reshape our relationship to the world. The smallest everyday objects are connected to the Internet and allow acquisition of large amount of data, interact with cyberspace and in some cases act on the real world in an automated way. On the other hand, the last decade has also seen the rise of a new technology for storing transactions data in a reliable and consented way. Blockchain has changed the way operations are made based on the concept of distributed ledger giving a new breath to the economy. They have also dived into companies business by allowing private implementations with per-missioned blockhains. The aim of this work is to take advantage of the power of the two technologies combined – the Internet of Things provides wide possibilities when it comes to collecting information and establishing controls on the one hand, and blockchain provides very good means to ensure traceability while respecting confidentiality and privacy – in order to create a global architecture for a digital ecological impact calculator respecting privacy. In order to validate our proposal we first modeled it with a Petri network in order to verify its functioning, then we implemented it in order to measure average running time of each major step: for operations relative to certification authority we have obtained 0.342 second per operation, 0.342 second per operation concerning production and buying actions reporting and 0.299 second par scoring operation. Finally we used these outputs to build a queue model in order to check if the proposed architecture steady-state does not change over time. As results we showed that for the simplest form of queue model the servers of our architecture have a utilization rate that is close to 50% and that the overall waiting time remains below one minute, on the other hand with the Petri net we have proved from the marking graph that GIEFC performs the expected tasks according to the described specifications.