bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 vaccine attitudes and facilitators among people in Australia who inject drugs
Authors: Price Olivia , Maher Lisa , Dietze Paul M. , Bruno Raimondo , Crawford Sione , Sutherland Rachel , Salom Caroline , Dore Gregory J. , Peacock Amy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to describe COVID‐19 vaccination attitudes and identify potential facilitators for vaccine uptake among people who inject drugs.MethodsPeople who inject drugs were recruited from all eight Australian capital cities (N = 884; 65% male, mean age 44 years) and interviewed face‐to‐face or via telephone in June–July 2021. COVID‐19 and broader vaccination attitudes were used to model latent classes. Correlates of class membership were assessed through multinomial logistic regression. Probability of endorsing potential vaccination facilitators were reported by class.ResultsThree classes of participants were identified: ‘vaccine acceptant' (39%), ‘vaccine hesitant' (34%) and ‘vaccine resistant' (27%). Those in the hesitant and resistant groups were younger, more likely to be unstably housed and less likely to have received the current season influenza vaccine than the acceptant group. In addition, hesitant participants were less likely to report a chronic medical condition than acceptant participants. Compared to vaccine acceptant and hesitant participants, vaccine‐resistant participants were more likely to predominantly inject methamphetamine and to inject drugs more frequently in the past month. Both vaccine‐hesitant and resistant participants endorsed financial incentives for vaccination and hesitant participants also endorsed facilitators related to vaccine trust.Discussion and ConclusionPeople who inject drugs who are unstably housed or predominantly inject methamphetamine are subgroups that require targeted interventions to increase COVID‐19 vaccination uptake. Vaccine‐hesitant people may benefit from interventions that build trust in vaccine safety and utility. Financial incentives may improve vaccine uptake among both hesitant and resistant people.
New Multilateral Development Banks and Green Lending: Approaching Scalar Complexities in the Global South
Authors: Güngen Ali Rıza 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTNewly established multilateral development banks promote green finance and support a green transition in the global South. This article examines the new multilateral development banks using a dynamic view and documents the projects and lending preferences of New Development Bank (NDB) in Brazil and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) in Turkey. While AIIB and NDB have made it easier for global South actors to access infrastructural investment funding and are committed to expanding green lending, their commitment rests on the use of country systems and national financial intermediaries. This results in extending loans for projects with significant risk and ignoring the broader connections of the projects to the environmentally hazardous strategies of capital accumulation. Despite their strong green discourse, their design and the way their mandates have been interpreted render new multilateral development banks prone to business as usual.
Predictive value of fetal echocardiographic parameters in surgical strategy for Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Zhang Bingyao , Wu Pengfei , Zhao Liqing , Lu Yanan , Bai Kai , Sun Kun , Chen Sun , Wu Yurong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate whether fetal echocardiographic parameters were predictive of the postnatal surgical treatment required for fetuses with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).MethodsThe fetal echocardiographic and postnatal clinical data of all cases of prenatal TOF at Xinhua Hospital from 2016 to 2020 were reviewed. Patients were categorized based on the operation type, and cardiac parameters were compared between groups.ResultsOf the 37 fetuses assessed, the development of the pulmonary valve annulus (PVA) was significantly poorer in the transannular patch group. Patients with a prenatal PVA z‐score (Schneider's method) ≥ –2.645, a PVA z‐score (Lee's method) ≥ –2.805, a PVA/aortic valve annulus diameter ratio ≥ .697, and a pulmonary annulus index ≥ .823 were more likely to undergo pulmonary valve‐sparing surgery. There was a strong correlation between prenatal and postnatal PVA z‐scores. The PVA growth potential was greater in the pulmonary valve‐sparing surgery group.ConclusionsPVA‐related parameters evaluated by fetal echocardiography can predict the type of surgical intervention required and are valuable in improving prenatal counseling in fetal cases of TOF.
Effects of elevated CO2 on feeding responses of biological control agents of Pontederia crassipes
Authors: Paper M. K. , Righetti T. , Raubenheimer S. L. , Coetzee J. A. , Sosa A. J. , Hill M. P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElevated carbon dioxide (eCO2) and rising temperatures will have far‐reaching effects on global plant‐insect interactions, yet their implications for future biological control programs are not fully understood. Studies have shown that elevated CO2 will affect insect feeding guilds differently and these responses can be predicted with some confidence. Water hyacinth, Pontederia crassipes Mart. (Pontederiaceae), is a native and representative species of the Del Plata wetlands (Argentina) that invades outside of its native environment. It is considered one of the world's worst aquatic weeds and a target for biological control. In this study, water hyacinth plants were grown under two CO2 concentrations – current (400 p.p.m.) or elevated (800 p.p.m.) –, with and without two biocontrol agents representing different feeding guilds, the leaf‐chewing Cornops aquaticum Brüner (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and the phloem‐feeding Megamelus scutellaris Berg (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Under eCO2 concentration, photosynthetic rate, total dry weight, and relative growth rate of P. crassipes acclimated to eCO2 conditions and plants showed very little CO2 fertilization response in eutrophic water. Insect herbivory varied depending on feeding guilds at eCO2; however, P. crassipes growth responses increased when exposed to insect herbivory. Chewing herbivory by C. aquaticum was consistent across CO2 conditions, whereas the feeding by M. scutellaris increased substantially at eCO2. These results indicate that successful biological control of P. crassipes under conditions of elevated CO2 might rely on phloem‐feeding insects, with chewers playing a lesser role.
Genes4Epilepsy: An epilepsy gene resource
Authors: Oliver Karen L. , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Bennett Mark F. , Grinton Bronwyn E. , Bahlo Melanie , Berkovic Samuel F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjective“How many epilepsy genes are there?” is a frequently asked question. We sought to (1) provide a curated list of genes that cause monogenic epilepsies, and (2) compare and contrast epilepsy gene panels from multiple sources.MethodsWe compared genes included on the epilepsy panels (as of July 29, 2022) of four clinical diagnostic providers: Invitae, GeneDx, Fulgent Genetics, and Blueprint Genetics; and two research resources: PanelApp Australia and ClinGen. A master list of all unique genes was supplemented by additional genes identified via PubMed searches up until August 15, 2022, using the search terms “genetics” AND/OR “epilepsy” AND/OR “seizures”. Evidence supporting a monogenic role for all genes was manually reviewed; those with limited or disputed evidence were excluded. All genes were annotated according to inheritance pattern and broad epilepsy phenotype.ResultsThe comparison of genes included on epilepsy clinical panels revealed high heterogeneity in both number of genes (range: 144–511) and content. Just 111 genes (15.5%) were included on all four clinical panels. Subsequent manual curation of all “epilepsy genes” identified >900 monogenic etiologies. Almost 90% of genes were associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. By comparison only 5% of genes were associated with monogenic causes of “common epilepsies” (i.e., generalized and focal epilepsy syndromes). Autosomal recessive genes were most frequent (56% of genes); however, this varied according to the associated epilepsy phenotype(s). Genes associated with common epilepsy syndromes were more likely to be dominantly inherited and associated with multiple epilepsy types.SignificanceOur curated list of monogenic epilepsy genes is publicly available: github.com/bahlolab/genes4epilepsy and will be regularly updated. This gene resource can be utilized to target genes beyond those included on clinical gene panels, for gene enrichment methods and candidate gene prioritization. We invite ongoing feedback and contributions from the scientific community via genes4-epilepsy@unimelb.edu.au.
KRT5 mutation regulate melanin metabolism through notch signalling pathway between keratinocytes and melanocytes
Authors: Jia Weixue , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Xue , Luo Lingling , Sun Heng , Jiang Yiqun , Wang Jianbo , Mao Qiuxia , Guo Youming , Kong Lingzhuo , Mo Ran , Li Chengrang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDowling–Degos disease (DDD) is an autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease characterized by acquired reticular hyperpigmentation in flexural sites, and one of its causative genes is KRT5 gene. But the effect of KRT5, expressed only in keratinocytes, on melanocytes is unclear. Other pathogenic genes of DDD include POFUT1, POGLUT1 and PSENEN genes, which is involved in posttranslational modification of Notch receptor. In this study, we aim to determine the ablation of keratinocyte KRT5 affect melanogenesis in melanocyte through Notch signalling pathway. Here we found that KRT5 downregulation decreased the expression of the Notch ligand in keratinocytes and Notch1 intracellular domain in melanocytes, by establishing two cell models of ablation of KRT5 in keratinocytes based on CRISPR/Cas9 site‐directed mutation and lentivirus‐mediated shRNA. Treatment of melanocytes with Notch inhibitors had same effects with ablation of KRT5 on increase of TYR and decrease of Fascin1. Activation of Notch signalling reverses the effect of ablation of KRT5 on melanogenesis. Immunohistochemistry of DDD lesions with KRT5 gene mutation confirmed changes in the expression of relevant molecules in Notch signalling. Our research elucidates molecular mechanism of KRT5‐Notch signalling pathway in the regulation of melanocytes by keratinocytes, and preliminary reveal the mechanism of DDD pigment abnormality caused by KRT5 mutation. These findings identify potential therapeutic targets of the Notch signalling pathway for the treatment of skin pigment disorders.
Dementia and acute care of ischemic stroke in Japan: A retrospective observational study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database
Authors: Matsugaki Ryutaro , Muramatsu Keiji , Fushimi Kiyohide , Matsuda Shinya 
Published: February 2023

AimThis study aimed to determine the impact of dementia on the implementation of intravenous thrombolysis and early rehabilitation as acute care for patients with acute ischemic stroke in Japan.MethodsThis retrospective observational study used the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. Patients aged ≥75 years with acute ischemic stroke (ICD‐10 code: I63) were enrolled (n = 464 710). In this study, dementia was identified using the ICD‐10 codes (F00, F01, F02, F03, G30, and G31) for comorbidity. A mixed‐effects logistic regression analysis nested at the hospital level was conducted to examine the impact of dementia on the implementation of intravenous thrombolysis and early rehabilitation.ResultsOverall, 57 905 patients with ischemic stroke had dementia. The group with dementia was less likely to receive intravenous thrombolysis (5.2% vs. 6.9%) and more likely to undergo early rehabilitation than the group without dementia (76.1% vs. 73.0%). In the mixed‐effects logistic regression analysis, dementia was significantly associated with a lower probability of undergoing intravenous thrombolysis (adjusted odds ratio: 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.76–0.82, P < 0.001) and a higher probability of early rehabilitation (adjusted odds ratio: 1.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.09, P < 0.001).ConclusionsWe found that while dementia was associated with fewer opportunities for aggressive treatment, such as intravenous thrombolysis, it was also associated with increased opportunities to receive rehabilitation. It is necessary to examine the reasons why patients with dementia do not receive aggressive treatment and to establish a system that allows older adults with and without dementia to receive equal access to medical care. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 270–274.
Invisible men: Short prison sentences and the pains of invisibility and insignificance
Authors: Cracknell Matt 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroduced as part of the Transforming Rehabilitation (TR) reforms, the Offender Rehabilitation Act (ORA) 2014 promised to offer resettlement support to individuals serving short sentences – a cohort which has long been neglected in penal policy and research discourse. Featuring the perspectives of 16 men serving a short sentence in England, this empirical work argues that there is a dissonance between the rhetoric of the additional support promised and the reality these individuals experienced. The pains literature is used to demonstrate how a perceived lack of institutional care and attention led respondents to feel invisible and insignificant. This caused service users to internalise a sense of reliance for their own resettlement. However, the ability to achieve this is predicated on possessing the necessary capital. Paradoxically the more an individual cycles around the revolving door of repeat short prison sentences, the more this capital becomes eroded, leading to the particular pain of burnout. The article concludes by advocating for a presumption against the use of short sentences in England and Wales.
Spontaneous remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A series of nine cases and a review of literature
Authors: Kirtek Timothy , Hamdan Hanan , Van Arnam John S. , Park Sunita , Kovach Alexandra E. , Pillai Vinodh , Weinberg Olga K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsTo report a series of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases with spontaneous remission and provide presenting clinical and pathologic information and details of clinical course to raise awareness among oncologists and patients.MethodsWe identified and analyzed nine patients with ALL and spontaneous remission. Review of literature reveals an additional nine previously reported cases with similar clinical course.ResultsAll of these patients, ranging in age from 2 to 12 years of age, presented with inciting signs and symptoms of viral or bacterial infection. All of the patients showed varying percentages of lymphoblasts (.2% to 90%) in diagnostic bone marrow biopsy. All B‐ALL cases shared a similar blast phenotype on flow cytometry with coexpression of CD19, CD10 and TdT and variable CD20 expression. All nine patients achieved spontaneous remission of their leukemia as confirmed by flow cytometry and/or bone marrow biopsy without chemotherapeutic intervention. Time to remission from presentation ranged from 1 to 8 weeks. After remission, all patients redeveloped ALL, and time from remission to reemergence ranged from 2 to 24 weeks.ConclusionOur series of cases and cases identified in literature show that ALL diagnosed with modern methods of flow cytometry and molecular analysis will recur within weeks to months from disappearance, usually with cytopenias, which provides a template for oncologic follow‐up and testing in these patients.
Factors associated with poor sleep quality in patients with pre‐dialysis chronic kidney disease: A systematic review
Authors: Huang Chen‐Hui , Cheng Chieh (Sunny) , Yen Miaofen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsTo determine factors associated with poor sleep quality among patients with pre‐dialysis chronic kidney disease.DesignThis is a systematic review study guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statements and checklist.Data SourcesEmpirical evidence was sought in major electronic databases, including Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Airiti library from March to September 2022.Review MethodsStudies investigating factors associated with poor sleep quality among adult patients with chronic kidney disease were included. Study participants who received renal replacement therapy and had sleep disorders and serious illnesses such as cancer were excluded. Of the 526 studies that resulted from the search after removing duplicate articles, 20 studies were assessed for quality by using Joanna Briggs Institute and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale by two doctorial prepared nursing scientists.ResultsA total of 20 studies were included in this review. The prevalence of poor sleep quality in these studies ranged from 11% to 97.5%. Demographics (older age and female), physiological conditions (higher body mass index, higher hip circumferences, higher systolic blood pressure, poor cardiovascular function, dyspnoea, pain, cramps, itchiness or moderate to extreme pruritus, lower fasting plasma glucose, electrolyte imbalance, higher total cholesterol and gastrointestinal symptoms), depression, smoking, arousal‐related and cognitive arousal behaviours were associated with poor sleep quality.ConclusionPoor sleep quality was prevalent and influenced kidney function, increased mortality as well as decreased quality of life in patients with pre‐dialysis chronic kidney disease. This review synthesizes factors associated with poor sleep quality. Managing these factors can mitigate and prevent poor sleep quality.ImpactHealthcare providers, especially nurses, can assess the risk factors of poor sleep quality and reinforce patients' self‐management. Future research should elucidate the assessment and management of risk factors and transfer these into widespread use in the routine care of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Classifying aneuploidy in genotype intensity data using deep learning
Authors: Bouwman Aniek C , Hulsegge Ina , Hawken Rachel J , Henshall John M , Veerkamp Roel F , Schokker Dirkjan , Kamphuis Claudia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAneuploidy is the loss or gain of one or more chromosomes. Although it is a rare phenomenon in liveborn individuals, it is observed in livestock breeding populations. These breeding populations are often routinely genotyped and the genotype intensity data from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays can be exploited to identify aneuploidy cases. This identification is a time‐consuming and costly task, because it is often performed by visual inspection of the data per chromosome, usually done in plots of the intensity data by an expert. Therefore, we wanted to explore the feasibility of automated image classification to replace (part of) the visual detection procedure for any diploid species. The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classification model based on chromosome level plots of SNP array intensity data that can classify the images into disomic, monosomic and trisomic cases. A multispecies dataset enriched for aneuploidy cases was collected containing genotype intensity data of 3321 disomic, 1759 monosomic and 164 trisomic chromosomes. The final CNN model had an accuracy of 99.9%, overall precision was 1, recall was 0.98 and the F1 score was 0.99 for classifying images from intensity data. The high precision assures that cases detected are most likely true cases, however, some trisomy cases may be missed (the recall of the class trisomic was 0.94). This supervised CNN model performed much better than an unsupervised k‐means clustering, which reached an accuracy of 0.73 and had especially difficult to classify trisomic cases correctly. The developed CNN classification model provides high accuracy to classify aneuploidy cases based on images of plotted X and Y genotype intensity values. The classification model can be used as a tool for routine screening in large diploid populations that are genotyped to get a better understanding of the incidence and inheritance, and in addition, avoid anomalies in breeding candidates.
Science maps for biogeography—The field's place within the sciences and its change over the past quarter century
Authors: Renner Susanne S. , Skov Flemming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe field of biogeography is often described as a hub between research disciplines. Here we apply science mapping to study how biogeography has changed and evolved between 1995 and April 2022, and to analyse the mix of disciplines used in this field. We explore how research foci have changed over time and if biogeographical topics have entered the public discourse.LocationLocal to global.TaxonAll taxa.MethodsWe created a semantic map of the field based on co‐occurrences of keywords or composite keywords from 40,000+ scientific papers published between the 1970s and April 2022, structuring these data into three hierarchical sets. A fourth set of Top 100 researchers was constructed in September 2022. To address our public‐discourse question, we used the Factiva archive of global media.ResultsFive core journals contained 14,386 papers (or 35.7% of the full set), while the remaining papers appeared in 2247 journals of which 59% included only one or two biogeographical papers. Since 1995, frequencies of keywords related to core concerns of biogeography have remained stable or even decreased, while ‘computing’ and ‘climate change’ have increased. There is an increasing association with Mathematics & Statistics, Computer Sciences, and Planning & Management, and a decreased association with Physical Geography. Biogeography‐related terms increasingly appearing in the public discourse are ‘biodiversity’, ‘urban nature’, ‘conservation’, ‘extinction’ and ‘rewilding’, while more technical concepts, such as ‘ecoregions’, ‘macroecology’ and ‘island biogeography’ remain at very low rates.Main ConclusionsBiogeographical research is moving towards the social sciences, probably linked to a growing concern over global environmental issues and the Anthropocene. It is difficult to disentangle to what extent the public discourse is influenced by biogeographical research or vice versa, but ‘rewilding’ and ‘extinction’ are examples of topics that began in basic ecological‐biogeographical research and are now debated publicly.