bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Factors Influencing Home Delivery: A Cross Sectional Study among Rural Residents in Tamale Metropolis
Authors: Mohammed Abdul-Samed , Yakong Vida Nyagre , Twumasi Elizabeth , Apuswin Ayabah Ruth , Ameyaw Christiana , Atuga Albert Ajapoak , Cudjoe Francis Kronzu 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Maternal and child mortality continues as a disturbing public health problem facing Ghana and other low and middle-income countries. As such there are advocacy for skilled birth delivery. Despite the advocacy, in most rural communities, unskilled delivery still persists. It is against this background that this study aims to explore the factors influencing home delivery among women in rural areas of Tamale Metropolis.
Methods: The study employed the descriptive cross-sectional design with the mixed method approach. The study recruited 200 women within reproductive age of 18-49 who had delivered at least once in the selected rural communities in the Tamale Metropolis. Questionnaire and interview guide were used to collect data for this study. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26 and manual thematic content analysis for quantitative and qualitative data respectively.
Results: The prevalence of home delivery was reported as (36.5%) among the respondents. More than quarter (35.5%) of the respondents rate their satisfaction of home delivery as good whereas more than half of the respondents rated TBAs’ attitude as good. Three (3) qualitative respondents indicated that most women chose to deliver at home in neglect of hospital because of better satisfaction gained from delivering at home. The qualitative data showed that the factors identified to influence home delivery were as followed: negative attitude of health workers, lack of trust in health workers competence, unnecessary expenses from hospitals, distance, and poor quality of services. Nearly 90.0% of the respondents were enrolled on the NHIS with a proof of active NHIS card. Majority of the respondents were aware of the free maternal health services and all respondents agreed that they had a CHPs compound in their communities, however, only 36.5% responded in the affirmative that these CHPs compound are resourced adequately.
Conclusion: The study showed a substantive percentage of the respondents to be practicing home delivery with the support of unskilled birth attendants. Poor attitudes from health workers, better previous experience in delivering at home, unreliable means of transport to the hospital and additional informal delivery expenses were some of the factors found to be significant determinants of home delivery. It is recommended for the government and other stakeholders to provide rural ambulance services to aid in the transport of pregnant women in labor to the nearest health facility.
Effect of Plant Spacing on the Growth and Yield of Local Aman Rice Cultivar
Authors: Foysal Md. Rafat Al , Tarek Md. Khalid Hasan , Biswas Mrityunjoy , Miah Mohammad Noor Hossain , Hoque Mozammel 
Published: February 2023

Aims: Transplant (T) aman is occupying a major portion of rice based cropping system in Sylhet region, Bangladesh. Still majority of farmers are circled to cultivate local T. aman rice cultivars, but the overall yield is very low. Agronomic management can be a good option to boost up the yield potential of these local cultivars. This study was conducted to observe the influence of planting geometry on the yield of local aman cultivars.
Study Design: Randomized complete block design.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted to find out optimum plant density of local cultivars of T. aman rice during the period from August 2017 to December 2017 at farmer’s field located at Jointapur, Sylhet.
Methodology: The study were replicated thrice in randomized complete block design considering four rice cultivars viz. Beruin (V1), Moinasail (V2), Nagrasail (V3) and, BRRI dhan49 (Control, check variety) (V4) and four plant spacings viz. (15 × 15) cm (S1), (20 × 15) cm (S2), (20 × 20) cm (S3) and (20×25) cm (S4).
Results: The results indicated that the highest grain yield were recorded in (2.65 t ha-1) in the variety V4, which was statistically similar with V3 (2.60 t ha-1). The highest grain yield (2.87 t ha-1) was obtained (V4 × S4) while the lowest (1.58 t ha-1) from (V1 × S1). Among the local varieties highest grain yield (2.64 t ha-1) recorded in (V3 × S4) which was statistically similar (V4 × S4).
Conclusion: Outcomes of the study revealed that Nagrasail (V3) with (20 × 25) cm plant spacing is a promising option, and isthe best one for local T. aman cultivar cultivation in Sylhet region.
Ultrasound Guided Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Post Traumatic Knee Meniscus Lesion
Authors: Omara Mona Helal , El-Badry Amr Mohamed , El-Barbary Amal Mohamed , El-Saadany Hanan Mohamed , Kassem Elham Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

Background: Orthobiologics have gained a lot of attention as a potential meniscal injury therapy option in recent years. There are several techniques for biologically enhancing meniscal healing, such as the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), cytokines, growth factors, and fibrin clots. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of PRP injection guided by ultrasound on functional and clinical improvement in patients with post traumatic knee meniscal injury grade 2.
Methods: This study was carried out on forty patients with evidence of post traumatic knee intramural meniscal lesion grade 2 on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients were treated with three injections, two weeks apart of 4 ml of autologous PRP injected at the site of knee meniscal lesion under continuous ultrasound guidance.
Results: There were significant improvement as regard pain assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), active range of motion (ROM), knee joint line tenderness grading 4 months after treatment compared to before treatment. There was significant improvement as regard symptoms, Activities of daily living (ADL), pain, sport and recreation function and knee related quality of life (QOL) subscales of KOOS 4 months after treatment compared to before treatment.
Conclusions: Peri-meniscal PRP injection under ultrasound guidance in patients with post traumatic knee meniscal lesions grade 2 with persistent pain appears to be an effective method for pain relief. Peri-meniscal PRP injection is able to achieve improvement in clinical and functional scores after 4 months follow up. Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is a fundamental tool for peri-meniscal areas injections to guarantee its accuracy and maximizes its benefits.
Seed Engineering toward Layer‐Regulated Growth of Magnetic Semiconductor VS2
Authors: Wang Xiangyi , Ma Liang , Wang Chuanlong , Wang Jiong , Guo Jun , Tang Rujun , Zhu Juntong , Zou Guifu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe discovery of layered magnetic semiconductor materials has stimulated a search for the magnetic order of atomically thin‐layered materials. However, layer‐controlled growth is difficult because of the high nucleation barrier of the material surface during the few‐layer formation of 2D materials. Herein, a seeding solution method is demonstrated that changes the nucleation mode of seed crystals on the substrate surface by precisely controlling the concentration of metal precursors and promoting the formation of cluster seed nuclei to ensure a sufficient source of metal for subsequent reactions. It is studied that the kinetic and thermodynamic synergy through temperature control is readily to grow VS2 with a tunable layer number. Monolayer VS2 exhibits strong ferromagnetic ordering with a saturation magnetization strength (Ms) of 37 emu per cc and a coercivity (Hc) of 135 Oe at 300 K. Notably, the ferromagnetism of VS2 has layer‐dependent performance of the saturation magnetization and coercivity decreases with increasing number of layers. Monolayer VS2 exhibits typical semiconductor properties in Hall devices. This study broadens the chemical pathway for the tunable synthesis of 2D layered magnetic materials and provides the possibility for the construction of novel spintronic and magnetoelectronic devices.
A S‐Scheme MOF‐on‐MOF Heterostructure
Authors: Yuan Ling , Zhang Chaoqi , Zou Yingying , Bao Tong , Wang Jing , Tang Cheng , Du Aijun , Yu Chengzhong , Liu Chao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConstructing MOF‐on‐MOF heterojunction with elaborate charge transfer mechanism and interface is a promising strategy for improving the photocatalytic properties of MOFs. Herein, a Step‐scheme (S‐scheme) MIL‐125‐NH2@CoFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) heterojunction is reported for the first time. The MOF‐on‐MOF heterostructure exhibits a sandwich‐like morphology with hollow CoFe PBA nanocages selectively assembled on the top‐down surfaces of MIL‐125‐NH2 nanocakes. Experimental findings and theoretical simulation results reveal the formation of internal electric field via interfacial TiOCo bonds at the heterojunction, providing driving force and atomic transportation highway for accelerating the S‐scheme charge transfer and enhancing the redox performance. Contributed further by the hollow sandwich‐like structures with increased active site exposure, the designed MOF‐on‐MOF heterojunction exhibits significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of various organic pollutants. This study provides insights toward the rational design of semiconducting MOF‐based heterojunctions with improved properties.
Minimizing Energy Barrier in Intermediate Connection Layer for Monolithic Tandem WPeLEDs with Wide Color Gamut
Authors: Wang Run , Xiang Hengyang , Li Yan , Zhou Yihui , Shan Qingsong , Su Yuqin , Li Zhi , Wang Yongjin , Zeng Haibo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPerovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) show promising prospects in the wide color gamut display owing to their ultra‐narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM). However, up to now, all perovskite white LEDs integrated by standard red, green, and blue perovskite emitters, namely, monolithic white PeLEDs (WPeLEDs), have been rarely reported, owing to facing some issues, e.g., solvent incompatibility in solution technique, ion exchange, and energy transfer between different emission centers. Herein, centered on these issues, an optimal intermediate connection layer (ICL) of Po‐T2T/LiF/Ag/HAT‐CN/MoO3 is adopted to successfully develop monolithic tandem multicolor PeLEDs and WPeLEDs for the first time. The multicolor PeLEDs can achieve the best external quantum efficiency of 1.8% and the highest luminance of 4844 cd m−2. Besides, the red/green/blue (R/G/B) monolithic tandem WPeLED shows a standard white International Commission on Illumination coordinate of (0.33, 0.33) and achieves an extremely wide color gamut reaching National Television Standards Committee of 130%. This study is the first to realize the standard R/G/B co‐electroluminescence in a monolithic perovskite device and offers a feasible strategy for developing wide‐color gamut perovskite displays.
Engineering of an Osteoinductive and Growth Factor‐Free Injectable Bone‐Like Microgel for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Subbiah Ramesh , Lin Edith Y. , Athirasala Avathamsa , Romanowicz Genevieve E. , Lin Angela S. P. , Califano Joseph V. , Guldberg Robert E. , Bertassoni Luiz E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBone autografts remain the gold standard for bone grafting surgeries despite having increased donor site morbidity and limited availability. Bone morphogenetic protein‐loaded grafts represent another successful commercial alternative. However, the therapeutic use of recombinant growth factors has been associated with significant adverse clinical outcomes. This highlights the need to develop biomaterials that closely approximate the structure and composition of bone autografts, which are inherently osteoinductive and biologically active with embedded living cells, without the need for added supplements. Here, injectable growth factor‐free bone‐like tissue constructs are developed, that closely approximate the cellular, structural, and chemical composition of bone autografts. It is demonstrated that these micro‐constructs are inherently osteogenic, and demonstrate the ability to stimulate mineralized tissue formation and regenerate bone in critical‐sized defects in‐vivo. Furthermore, the mechanisms that allow human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to be highly osteogenic in these constructs, despite the lack of osteoinductive supplements, are assessed, whereby Yes activated protein (YAP) nuclear localization and adenosine signaling appear to regulate osteogenic cell differentiation. The findings represent a step toward a new class of minimally invasive, injectable, and inherently osteoinductive scaffolds, which are regenerative by virtue of their ability to mimic the tissue cellular and extracellular microenvironment, thus showing promise for clinical applications in regenerative engineering.
Catalytic Amounts of an Antibacterial Monomer Enable the Upcycling of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Waste
Authors: Zhang Hongjie , Fang Tianxiang , Yao Xuxia , Li Xiaodong , Zhu Weipu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is an important polymer with an annual output second only to polyethylene. The development of PET recycling technologies is therefore necessary to not only eliminate the harm associated with white pollution and microplastics, but also to reduce carbon emissions. Antibacterial PET, one of the most high‐value advanced materials, has improved the ability to treat bacterial infections. However, current methods of manufacturing commercial antibacterial PET require blending with an excess of metal‐based antibacterial agents, which leads to biotoxicity and a nonpersistent antibacterial activity. In addition, high‐efficiency organic antibacterial agents have yet to be employed in antibacterial PET due to their poor thermal stabilities. Herein, a solid‐state reaction for the upcycling of PET waste using a novel hyperthermostable antibacterial monomer is described. This reaction is catalyzed by the residual catalyst present in the PET waste. It is found that a catalytic amount of the antibacterial monomer enabled the low‐cost upcycling of PET waste to produce high‐value recycled PET with a strong and persistent antibacterial activity, as well as similar thermal properties to the virgin PET. This work provides a feasible and economic strategy for the large‐scale upcycling of PET waste and exhibits potential for application in the polymer industry.
Improved Liquid Collection on a Dual‐Asymmetric Superhydrophilic Origami
Authors: Bai Haoyu , Wang Xinsheng , Li Zhe , Wen Huiyi , Yang Yifan , Li Muqian , Cao Moyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractManipulating fluid with an open channel provides a promising strategy to simplify the current systems. Nevertheless, spontaneous on‐surface fluid transport with large flux, high speed, and long distance remains challenging. Inspired by scallop shells, here a shell‐like superhydrophilic origami (S‐SLO) with multiple‐paratactic and dual‐asymmetric channels is presented to improve fluid collection. The origami channel can capture various types of liquids, including droplets, flow, and steam, and then transport collected liquid unidirectionally. The S‐SLO with 2 mm depth can reach maximum flux of 450 mL h−1, which is five times the capacity of a flat patterned surface with similar dimension. To diversify the function of such interface, the SLO is further integrated with a superhydrophobic zirconium carbide/silicone coating for enhanced condensation via the collaboration of directional fluid manipulation and a radiative cooling layer. Compared with the unmodified parallel origami, the shell‐like origami with a radiative cooling layer shows a 56% improvement in condensate efficiency as well as the directional liquid drainage. This work demonstrates a more accessible design for the optimization of on‐surface fluid control, and the improved performance of liquid transport should extend the applications of bioinspired fluid‐manipulating interfaces.
Chelated Ion‐Exchange Strategy toward BiOCl Mesoporous Single‐Crystalline Nanosheets for Boosting Photocatalytic Selective Aromatic Alcohols Oxidation
Authors: Li Wei , Mao Yumeng , Liu Zhilin , Zhang Jinshui , Luo Jiahuan , Zhang Ling , Qiao Zhen‐An 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe photoresponse and photocatalytic efficiency of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) are greatly limited by rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers. The construction of porous single‐crystal BiOCl photocatalyst can effectively alleviate this issue and provide accessible active sites. Herein, a facile chelated ion‐exchange strategy is developed to synthesize BiOCl mesoporous single‐crystalline nanosheets (BiOCl MSCN) using acetic acid and ammonia solution respectively as chelating agent and ionization promoter. The strong chelation between acetate ions and Bi3+ ions introduces acetate ions into the precipitated product to exchange with Cl‐ ions, resulting in large lattice mismatch, strain release, and formation of void‐like mesopores. The prepared BiOCl MSCN photocatalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance with 99% conversion and 98% selectivity for oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and superior general adaptability for various aromatic alcohols. The theoretical calculations and characterizations confirm that the superior performance is mainly attributed to the abundant oxygen vacancies, plenty of accessible adsorption/active sites and fast charge transport path without grain boundaries.
Durable and Adjustable Interfacial Engineering of Polymeric Electrolytes for Both Stable Ni‐Rich Cathodes and High‐Energy Metal Anodes
Authors: Chen Yong , Cui Yingyue , Wang Simeng , Xiao Ying , Niu Jin , Huang Jiajia , Wang Feng , Chen Shimou 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAchieving stable cycling of high‐voltage solid‐state lithium metal batteries is crucial for next‐generation rechargeable batteries with high energy density and high safety. However, the complicated interface problems in both cathode/anode electrodes preclude their practical applications hitherto. Herein, to simultaneously solve such interfacial limitations and obtain sufficient Li+ conductivity in the electrolyte, an ultrathin and adjustable interface is developed at the cathode side through a convenient surface in situ polymerization (SIP), achieving a durable high‐voltage tolerance and Li‐dendrite inhibition. The integrated interfacial engineering fabricates a homogeneous solid electrolyte with optimized interfacial interactions that contributes to tame the interfacial compatibility between LiNixCoyMnzO2 and polymeric electrolyte accompanied by anticorrosion of aluminum current collector. Further, the SIP enables a uniform adjustment of solid electrolyte composition by dissolving additives such as Na+ and K+ salts, which presents prominent cyclability in symmetric Li cells (>300 cycles at 5 mA cm−2). The assembled LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (4.3 V)||Li batteries show excellent cycle life with high Coulombic efficiencies (>99%). This SIP strategy is also investigated and verified in sodium metal batteries. It opens a new frontier for solid electrolytes toward high‐voltage and high‐energy metal battery technologies.
Liquid Precursor‐Guided Phase Engineering of Single‐Crystal VO2 Beams
Authors: Shi Run , Wu Yonghuang , Xin Zeqin , Guo Jing , Li Zonglin , Zhao Bochen , Peng Ruixuan , Li Chenyu , Wang Enze , Wang Bolun , Zhang Xiaolong , Cheng Chun , Liu Kai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe study of VO2 flourishes due to its rich competing phases induced by slight stoichiometry variations. However, the vague mechanism of stoichiometry manipulation makes the precise phase engineering of VO2 still challenging. Here, stoichiometry manipulation of single‐crystal VO2 beams in liquid‐assisted growth is systematically studied. Contrary to previous experience, oxygen‐rich VO2 phases are abnormally synthesized under a reduced oxygen concentration, revealing the important function of liquid V2O5 precursor: It submerges VO2 crystals and stabilizes their stoichiometric phase (M1) by isolating them from the reactive atmosphere, while the uncovered crystals are oxidized by the growth atmosphere. By varying the thickness of liquid V2O5 precursor and thus the exposure time of VO2 to the atmosphere, various VO2 phases (M1, T, and M2) can be selectively stabilized. Furthermore, this liquid precursor‐guided growth can be used to spatially manages multiphase structures in single VO2 beams, enriching their deformation modes for actuation applications.
Lignin nanoparticles filled chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol polymer blend as a coating material of urea with a slow‐release property
Authors: Elhassani Chirâa Elidrissi , El Gharrak Abdelouahed , Essamlali Younes , Elamiri Salma , Dânoun Karim , Aboulhrouz Soumia , Zahouily Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present study aims to develop a novel waterborne chitosan‐based coating formulation for slow‐release urea fertilizer. Coating formulations were elaborated by blending chitosan (Cs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (50/50, wt/wt) followed by the addition of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) at various loadings (1, 2, 3, and 5 wt% LNPs) to yield viscous coating formulations. Formulations were cast to obtain coating films on which several structural, thermal, morphological, mechanical, and physicochemical characterizations were performed. Results showed that the Cs/PVA‐LNPs (3%) formulation exhibited suitable physicochemical characteristics in terms of the hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance, reduced water vapor permeability, and tolerated elasticity making it suitable to be used for fertilizer coating. Urea granules were coated by Cs/PVA and Cs/PVA‐LNPs formulations under controlled spraying and drying conditions until a good adhesion between the fertilizer and coating was obtained. Coated granules showed a good slow‐release N property over time and results indicated that the incorporation of LNPs was beneficial since its prolonged the longevity of the coated urea fertilizer up to 18 days compared to 5 days for the neat Cs/PVA. Hence, the proposed nanocomposite system showed great potential to be used as a coating material to produce a new slow‐release N fertilizer for sustainable crop production.
Ferroelectric [HfO2/ZrO2] Superlattices with Enhanced Polarization, Tailored Coercive Field, and Improved High Temperature Reliability
Authors: Lehninger David , Prabhu Aditya , Sünbül Ayse , Ali Tarek , Schöne Fred , Kämpfe Thomas , Biedermann Kati , Roy Lisa , Seidel Konrad , Lederer Maximilian , Eng Lukas M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractModern microelectronic systems and applications demand an every increasing amount of non‐volatile memories that are fast, reliable, and consume little power. Memory concepts based on ferroelectric HfO2like the ferroelectric field effect transistor (FeFET) and the ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) are promising to satisfy these requirements. As a consequence, continuing high attention is given to improve the ferroelectric properties and the reliability characteristics of the ferroelectric HfO2films – for instance by using different dopant elements, dopant concentrations, and film thicknesses. Superlattices (i.e., a periodic structure of two materials stacked upon each other) are a promising alternative approach. Herein, [HfO2/ZrO2] superlattices of various sublayer thicknesses and a constant total thickness of 10 nm are embedded into metal‐ferroelectric‐metal (MFM) capacitors and then electrically as well as structurally characterized with special focus on remanent polarization, coercive field, endurance, and high temperature reliability. Compared to a 10 nm (Hf,Zr)O2 solid solution reference film, the use of superlattice stacks significantly improves the above mentioned parameters. In addition, most of these parameters depend on the sublayer thickness, which allows, for instance, tailoring the coercive field of the whole device.