bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of mobile app device and instant voice feedback system in oral English teaching
Authors: Yan Kefei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mobile network education is a new education model for traditional education. It plays a very important role in educational activities and shows an increasingly important trend. It has become the most important part of China's education industry outside classroom education. Everyone has the opportunity to create more and more time for education and self-study. To a certain extent, it makes people aware of the social Lifelong learning becomes possible. In view of the widespread application of mobile devices and the fact that mobile device users mainly rely on the Android system, it is very important to develop a spoken language evaluation software with instant voice feedback that uses the Android platform. The software can obtain instant feedback information in the classroom, and conduct oral learning and organize regularly. The results of class feedback, thereby significantly enhancing students' interest and enthusiasm for learning, and improving students' standardization ability and level of oral English in English debates. According to the testing principle, this article gives a detailed test of the mobile network teaching system, and explains the test method and content. According to the test situation, the system can operate normally, but the speed still needs to increase. According to the actual needs of training and technology development, this article will give a detailed analysis and research on the theories and technical methods of network training for mobile devices, including mobile Internet technology and the use of Android. This article gives a detailed description of the server and the client, which has important practical significance.
Human exposure risk assessment for infectious diseases due to temperature and air pollution: an overview of reviews
Authors: Song Xuping , Guo Xinye , Hu Xiaopeng , Zhang Yajie , Wei Dandan , Hu Yue , Jiang Liangzhen , Zhang Yan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Air pollution and global temperature change are expected to affect infectious diseases. Yet to date overview of systematic reviews assessing the exposure risk of air pollutants and temperature on infectious diseases is unavailable. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigated the exposure risk of pollutants or temperature on infectious diseases were included. Two investigators screened literature, extracted data and performed the risk of bias assessments independently. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria, which 3 (13%) were "low" quality and 20 (87%) were "critically low" quality. COVID-19 morbidity was associated with long-term exposure PM2.5 (RR = 1.056 per 1μg/m 3, 95% CI: 1.039-1.072) and NO2 (RR = 1.042 per 1 μg/m 3, 95% CI: 1.017-1.068). In addition, for each 1°C increase in temperature, the risk of dengue fever morbidity increased 13% (RR = 1.130 per 1°C, 95% CI: 1.120-1.150), infectious diarrhea morbidity increased 8% (RR =1.080 per 1°C, 95% CI: 1.050-1.200), and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) morbidity increased 5% (RR = 1.050 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.020-1.080). In conclusion, PM2.5 and NO2 increased the risk of COVID-19 and temperatures were associated with dengue, infectious diarrhoea and HFMD morbidity. Moreover, the exposure risk of temperature on COVID-19 need to be further explored.
Attenuated total reflection Fourier- transformed infrared spectroscopy reveals environment specific phenotypes in clonal Japanese knotweed
Authors: Holden Claire A , Taylor Jane , Martin Francis L. , Beckett Paul , McAinsh Martin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: The problematic invasive species, Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica var. japonica), has a wide geographical distribution. We have previously shown the potential for attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics for regional differentiation between Japanese knotweed plants. However, the contribution of environment to spectral differences remains unclear. Here, the response of Japanese knotweed to varied environmental habitats has been studied. Eight unique growth environments were created by manipulation of the red: far-red light ratio (R:FR), water availability, nitrogen, and micronutrients. Their impacts on plant growth, photosynthetic parameters, and ATR-FTIR spectral profiles, were explored using chemometric techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis, support vector machines (SVM) and partial least squares regression. Key wavenumbers responsible for spectral differences were identified with PCA loadings, and molecular biomarkers were assigned. Partial least squared regression (PLSR) of spectral absorbance and root water potential (RWP) data was used to create a predictive model for RWP.
Results: Spectra from plants grown in different environments were differentiated using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with SVM. Biomarkers highlighted through PCA loadings corresponded to several molecules, most commonly cell wall carbohydrates, suggesting that these wavenumbers could be consistent indicators of plant stress across species. R:FR most affected the ATR-FTIR spectra of intact dried leaf material. PLSR prediction of root water potential achieved an R2 of 0.8, supporting the potential use of ATR-FTIR spectrometers as sensors for prediction of plant physiological parameters.
Conclusions: Japanese knotweed exhibits environmentally induced phenotypes, indicated by measurable differences in their ATR-FTIR spectra. This high environmental plasticity reflected by key biomolecular changes may contribute to its success as an invasive species. Light quality (R:FR) appears critical in defining the growth and spectral response to environment. Cross-species conservation of biomarkers suggest that they could function as indicators of plant-environment interactions including abiotic stress responses and plant health.
Is smart city construction a new way for sustainable development in emerging countries? ——A "quasi-natural experiment" from China
Authors: Wang Liang-Jun , Yang Pei-Ling , Yuan Jing-Wei , Lin Zi-Han , Paradzai Allen Tapiwa , Hu Wen-Jing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Given that traditional urbanization presents developing countries with the predicament of how to achieve income increase and environmental protection at the same time, the significance of smart city construction to urban sustainable development is emerging. Based on the panel data of 259 cities in China, this paper analyzes the inhibitory effect of smart city construction on pollution intensity by combining TV-DID and spatial lag models. The research conclusions show that: (1) Overall, the pollution intensity of China showed a clear downward trend from 2011 to 2019. The areas with the most serious urban pollution intensity are mainly concentrated in Shanxi Province and the northeastern provinces. (2) Smart city construction can significantly promote the pollution intensity reduction in pilot cities; At the same time, the policy also has a negative spatial spillover effect, which can promote the pollution intensity reduction of adjacent areas. Moreover, the conclusion is still robust after testing by PSM-DID, instrumental variable method, placebo test and other methods. (3) Mechanism analysis shows that smart city construction promotes the pollution intensity reduction indirectly through industrial structure upgrading. (4) The heterogeneity analysis shows that smart city construction can more effectively promote the pollution intensity reduction in China’s western cities.
MYRIAD-HESA: A New Method to Generate Global Multi-Hazard Event Sets
Authors: Claassen Judith N. , Ward Philip J. , Daniell James , Koks Elco E. , Tiggeloven Timothy , Ruiter Marleen C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study presents a new method, the MYRIAD – Hazard Event Sets Algorithm (MYRIAD-HESA), that generates historically-based multi-hazard event sets. MYRIAD-HESA is a fully open-access method that can create multi-hazard event sets from any hazard events that occur on varying time, space, and intensity scales. In the past, multi-hazards have predominately been studied on a local or continental scale, or have been limited to specific hazard combinations, such as the combination between droughts and heatwaves. Therefore, we exemplify our approach through generating a global multi-hazard event set database, spanning from 2004 to 2017, which includes eleven hazards from varying hazard classes (e.g. meteorological, geophysical, hydrological and climatological). This global database provides new insights on the frequency of different multi-hazard events and their hotspots. Additionally, we explicitly incorporate a temporal dimension in MYRIAD-HESA, the time-lag. The time-lag, or time between the occurrence of hazards, is used to determine potentially impactful events that occurred in close succession. Varying time-lags have been tested in MYRIAD-HESA, and are analysed using North America as a case study. Alongside the MYRIAD-HESA, the multi-hazard event sets, MYRIAD-HES, is openly available to further increase the understanding of multi-hazard events in the disaster risk community. The open source nature of MYRIAD-HESA provides flexibility to conduct multi-risk assessments by, for example, incorporating higher resolution data for an area of interest.
Design Theory of Compact Power Divider with Reconfigurable Power Division and Negative Group Delay Characteristics
Authors: Nair Rekha G , S natarajamani 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article presents the combined analysis of reconfigurable power division and Negative Group Delay (NGD) in a power divider. A novel composite transmission line (CT) based reconfigurable power divider with high power division ratio, variable negative group delay and lower characteristic impedance is presented in this work. The impedance transformation in composite transmission lines controls both NGD and power division. This power divider possesses a wide range of power division ratios from 1 to 39, adequate isolation, impedance matching, and NGD of-3.4 ns to-4.7 ns in the reconfigurable transmission path. The NGD is achieved without using any additional group delay circuits. Theoretical equations corresponding to the low characteristic impedance of the transmission line sections and that of isolation elements are derived. The measurement results justifies the attainment of high tuning of the power division ratio, and NGD. Isolation and return loss are higher than-15dB at the centre frequency of 1.5GHz. The major contributions of this design can be listed as the wide reconfigurable power division along with negative group delay and reduced size.
Treatment of mental disorders and the course of COVID-19
Authors: Korzeniowska Katarzyna , Cieślewicz Artur , Jabłecka Anna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background. Psychiatric patients are an interesting group due to the risk of mental exacerbation during the course of COVID-19. Most patients with severe mental disorders require long-term care in specialized centers such as psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes. As a result, such patients are at increased risk of acquiring infectious diseases, including COVID-19. In our study, we decided to evaluate the potential association between mental disorder treatment and the course of COVID-19
Methods. The study is a retrospective analysis of data collected from 107 men with mental disorders, aged 30 – 82 years, inhabitants of nursing homes who have been receiving drugs acting on the central nervous system for at least one year and were diagnosed with COVID-19 between September 2020 and January 2021.
Results. More than 80% of patients experienced elevated body temperature during the course of COVID-19. 11 patients (10.28% of the population) required hospitalization due to severe COVID-19 course; one of them died (0.9% of the population). The most common mental disorder diagnosis included schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (43.93% of the studied population), and mental retardation (39.25% of the studied population). No worsening of the mental condition was noted after recovery from COVID-19. A significantly higher frequency of increased body temperature was observed in the group of patients treated with anxiolytics (particularly, in the subgroup who received hydroxyzine treatment). No statistically significant association was found between COVID-19 hospitalization and concomitant diseases.
Conclusion. The course of COVID-19 was mild in most patients (almost 90% of the studied population) and did not negatively affect their mental condition. Special care received by the patients resulted in early diagnosis of COVID-19 and a very low mortality rate. Treatment with hydroxyzine significantly influenced the frequency of occurrence of increased body temperature during the course of COVID-19.
Unique pharmacodynamic properties and low abuse liability of the µ-opioid receptor ligand (S)-methadone
Authors: Michaelides Michael , Levinstein Marjorie , De Oliveira Paulo , Casajuana-Martin Nil , Quiroz Cesar , Budinich Reece , Rais Rana , Rea William , Ventriglia Emilya , Llopart Natàlia , Casadó-Anguera Verònica , Moreno Estefanía , Walther Donna , Glatfelter Grant , Weinshenker David , Zarate Carlos , Casado Vicent , Baumann Michael , Pardo Leonardo , Ferre Sergi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
(R,S)-methadone ((R,S)-MTD) is a racemic µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist comprised of (R)-MTD and (S)-MTD enantiomers used for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) and pain. (R)-MTD is used as an OUD treatment, has high MOR potency, and is believed to mediate (R,S)-MTD’s therapeutic efficacy. (S)-MTD is in clinical development as an antidepressant and is considered an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. In opposition to this purported mechanism of action, we found that (S)-MTD does not occupy NMDARs in vivo in rats. Instead, (S)-MTD produced MOR occupancy and induced analgesia with similar efficacy as (R)-MTD. Unlike (R)-MTD, (S)-MTD was not self-administered and failed to increase locomotion or extracellular dopamine levels indicating low abuse liability. Moreover, (S)-MTD antagonized the effects of (R)-MTD in vivo and exhibited unique pharmacodynamic properties, distinct from those of (R)-MTD. Specifically, (S)-MTD acted as a MOR partial agonist with a specific loss of efficacy at the MOR-galanin 1 receptor (Gal1R) heteromer, a key mediator of the dopaminergic effects of opioids. In sum, we report novel and unique pharmacodynamic properties of (S)-MTD that are relevant to its potential mechanism of action and therapeutic use, as well as those of (R,S)-MTD.
The role of intra-guild indirect interactions in assembling plant-pollinator networks
Authors: Dritz Sabine , Nelson Rebecca , Valdovinos Fernanda 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding the assembly of plant-pollinator communities has become critical to their conservation given the rise of species invasions, extirpations, and species’ range shifts. Dynamic network analyses can advance such understanding by elucidating the effects of species’ direct and indirect interactions on network assembly. We investigate the role of intra-guild indirect interactions on assembling plant-pollinator networks by developing: 1) an assembly model that includes population dynamics and adaptive foraging, and 2) a motif analysis tracking the effects of colonizing species throughout assembly. Motifs — networks’ building blocks — allow an in-depth analysis of indirect interactions. We found that adaptive foraging reduces the otherwise strong effect of indirect competition for shared mutualistic resources on community assembly. This allows for coexistence between specialist and generalist species within the same guild and the emergence of nested networks. Further, by maintaining the persistence of specialist species, who are most vulnerable to competitive exclusion, adaptive foraging allows for the development of richer and less connected networks which is consistent with empirical pollination networks. Our work contributes new understanding and methods to study the effects of species’ indirect interactions on community assembly.
Low-dose gamma radiation varied growth and potential of paclitaxel biosynthesis in callus culture of hazel (Corylus avellana L.)
Authors: Adabi Razieh , Rezaei Ayatollah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Using the in vitro culture system along with related strategies is one of the most promising sources to improve the production of antitumorous agent paclitaxel and other valuable bioactive metabolites. To the best of our knowledge, hazel is the only angiosperm plant that has the capacity to produce paclitaxel and other taxanes. In this study, stable 14-day-old calli initiated from fresh hazel cotyledons were exposed to low-dose γ-radiation for 3, 9, and 15 seconds, which produced 10, 20, and 30 Gy of radiation dose, respectively. Non-irradiated cultures were considered as control. The cultures were picked up after 2 weeks of exposure to radiation and the parameters measured. The results showed that radiation changed callus growth and cells viability. Instead, by increasing radiation dose, antioxidant potential, activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme, and biosynthesis of biochemicals such as paclitaxel significantly increased. A negative correlation was observed between studied biochemical traits including paclitaxel and callus biomass production. The highest paclitaxel specific yield was measured in 30 Gy irritated calli which was 241.77 µg g-1 DW, 21.17 times higher than the control culture. Exposure to 30 Gy radiation resulted in the development of a new callus line with a stable high content of paclitaxel. It seems that by eliciting and varying cells, γ-radiation improved the metabolism in callus culture of hazel and could be used to produce such valuable metabolites on a commercial scale.
Spatial Variability and Moisture Tracks of Indian Monsoon Rainfall and Extremes
Authors: Thota Samba Siva Sai Prasad , Rajagopalan Balaji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

We performed a systematic space-time analysis of monsoon seasonal (Jun-Sep) rainfall and extremes (3-day maximum rainfall) over India for the period 1951–2019. Employing Partition Around Medoid (PAM) clustering technique on the seasonal rainfall and extremes, six spatially coherent regions (clusters) were identified that are contiguous in space and consistent with the topography, which are: Central-West India (CW), Northwest and Northern India (NW), (WG) Western Ghats (WG), Deccan Plateau (DP), Central-East India including Indo-Gangetic plain (CE) and Northeast India (NE). Integrated Vertical Transport (IVT) of moisture composites for wet and dry years for each cluster indicated that Bay of Bengal is the major source of moisture for extreme rainfall for all of India, except for WG. Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal both provide moisture for the seasonal rainfall for western and eastern halves of India, respectively. Trend analysis revealed decline in seasonal rainfall over CE, NE and WG clusters and increase in extreme rainfall over CW region. These are consistent with increasing IVT trends over Bay of Bengal and decreasing over Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean. Teleconnections to tropical Pacific Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) were reminiscent of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) patterns, with cooler SSTs in central and eastern Pacific favoring stronger monsoon rainfall and to a lesser extent the extremes. Further, warmer Indian Ocean in recent decades is likely a mediator in the moisture transport by reducing seasonal rainfall and enhancing the extremes. These interesting insights brighten the prospects for skillful forecast of monsoon rainfall and extremes.
Integration of systematic review and data mining techniques to reveal core anti-obesity medicinal plants
Authors: Ng Yan Jie Chester , Leong Kye Siong , Gan Ren-You , Yang Xian , Zhong Linda LD 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Obesity is a complex chronic disease that can lead to a variety of health problems. Despite its increasing frequency, there is still a lack of safe and effective treatment options. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbal treatment is gaining medical attention as a potential alternative to disease treatment. Specifically, biomolecular interactions of the usage of paired herbs could yield essentially synergistic effects on the fight against obesity.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the combination of core herbs and clustering patterns in obesity treatment using various data mining techniques.
Methods: Eight electronic databases were searched from inception until December 2021 and 34 Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) were identified. Subsequently, 96 different herbs were extracted from the RCTs for association analysis and hierarchical clustering. The quality assessment of the trials was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Tool.
Results: Association analysis identified the core herb combination of Coptis chinensis, Epimedium grandiflorum, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Poria cocos. Hierarchical clustering also identified meaningful clustering patterns amongst herbs based on similar therapeutic effects and meridian entry.
Conclusion: Using an integrated approach of systematic review and data mining techniques has revealed core herbs for the treatment of obesity. However, more clinical trials/clinical studies are required to validate the clinical efficacy of the core herb combination.
Immune-related genes probably increase the occurrence of Interstitial Lung Disease in Dermatomyositis
Authors: Liu Changjian , Jiang Wei , Ge Yongpeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the significant complications of dermatomyositis (DM), but the mechanisms by which it occurs remain incompletely elucidated. This study aimed to explore further the possible genetic mechanisms by which this complication occurs.
Methods Gene expression profiles for dermatomyositis (GSE39454, GSE46239, GSE143323) and interstitial lung disease (GSE32537, GSE110147, GSE150910) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After identifying common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to dermatomyositisand interstitial lung disease using the "limma" R package and the "VennDiagram" R package, functional annotation, relationship to immune cell infiltration, identification of transcription factors (TFs). We also collected clinical cases of dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD), including 3 cases of rapidly progressive interstitial lung diseases and 3 cases of none-rapidly progressive interstitial lung diseases, and explored whether there were differences in serum lymphocyte subpopulations.
Results A total of 4 common DEGs (SLAMF7, SPP1, TDO2, and VCAM1) were screened and GO enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in T cell activation, regulation of lymphocyte activation, lymphocyte differentiation, leukocyte proliferation and regulation of T cell activation. In terms of KEGG pathways, the three significantly enriched pathways were the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. In lung and muscle tissues, 21 and 3 TFs may regulate the expression of these genes, respectively. Finally, by analysing the serum lymphocyte subpopulations, we also found a decrease in the absolute number of CD8+ T cells and an increase in the CD4+ /CD8+ T cell ratio in dermatomyositis combined with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.
Conclusion These common pathways and key genes may provide new ideas for further research into DM-ILD.