bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AN ACTION PLAN FOR ORGANIZATIONS SERVING OLDER ADULTS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS DURING PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCIES
Authors: Bayne Alycia , Isaacs Lauren , Fox Jessica , Singer Rachel , Ahn Roy , Leaphart Desirae , Cerbone Felicia , Liotta Madeleine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
During public health emergencies, it is critical to maintain the continuity of services and resources essential to health and safety. Public health emergencies can disproportionately affect older adults and their caregivers. Organizations, including community-based, faith-based, rural, and tribal organizations, can play a vital role during a public health emergency response given their familiarity with the community’s unique needs and resources. With support from the CDC Foundation and technical assistance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NORC at the University of Chicago conducted a study to identify public health interventions to meet the needs of older adults and their caregivers during public health emergencies. Methods included an extensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature in Spanish and English to identify interventions on six topics: deconditioning; deferral of medical care; elder abuse and neglect; management of chronic conditions; social isolation; and caregiving. NORC identified 300 public health interventions to support older adults and their caregivers during public health emergencies with a focus on underserved populations, including programs to support racial and ethnic minority populations, people with disabilities, and rural and tribal communities. NORC developed Search. Find. Help., a virtual resource library, and an Action Plan to support organizations in using these interventions. Search. Find. Help., which houses the Action Plan, has had 34,000 unique users. This session focuses on how organizations that serve older adults and caregivers can use the Action Plan’s four phases to select, adapt, implement, and evaluate public health interventions before or during a public health emergency.
DEPRESSION, SOCIAL RELATIONS, AND COGNITIVE HEALTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Cooper Jasmine , Antonucci Toni , Ajrouch Kristine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study examines cognitive abilities, number of people in a social network, and presence of depressive symptoms among the “youngest old”, “middle old”, and “oldest old”, by ethnicity. A sample of 600 people; 200 Blacks, 200 Whites, and 200 non-white Arabs were recruited for the survey. Those with missing data were omitted from analysis, which left 435. Data were collected via a computer assisted telephone survey. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVAs. We found significant effects on cognition by ethnicity f(2,430)=2.71, p&lt;0.05 and age group f(2,430)=11.24, p&lt;0.001. There was a significant effect of the number of people in social networks on cognition across all groups f(2,430)=10.4, p&lt;0.01. The presence of depressive symptoms was not a mediator. There was no significant interaction between ethnicity and age group, or ethnicity and social network structure.
A UNIQUE ADIPOCYTE PROGENITOR POPULATION PROMOTES AGE-RELATED ADIPOSITY
Authors: Wang Qiong (Annabel) 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The average fat mass in adults increases dramatically with age, and older people often suffer from visceral obesity and related adverse metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, how aging leads to fat accumulation is poorly understood. It is known that fat cell (adipocyte) turnover is very low in young mice, similar to that in young humans. Here, we find that mice mimic age-related fat expansion in humans. In vivo lineage tracing shows that massive adipogenesis (the generation of new adipocytes), especially in the visceral fat, is triggered during aging. Thus, in contrast to most types of adult stem cells that exhibit a reduced ability to proliferate and differentiate, the adipogenic potential of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) is unlocked by aging. In vivo transplantation and 3D imaging of transplants show that APCs in aged mice cell-autonomously gain high adipogenic capacity. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses reveal that aging globally remodels APCs. Herein, we identify a novel committed preadipocyte population that is age-specific (CP-A), existing both in mice and humans, with a global activation of proliferation and adipogenesis pathways. CP-A cells display high proliferation and adipogenesis activity, both in vivo and in vitro. LIFR serves as a functional maker of CP-A, which promotes CP-A proliferation. Together, these findings define a new fundamental mechanism involved in fat tissue aging and offer prospects for preventing and treating age-related metabolic disorders.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COGNITIVE FRAILTY AND ORAL HEALTH IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS IN KOREA
Authors: Ji Yoonjung , Chung Jane , Lee TaeWha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cognitive frailty(CF) is a condition where physical frailty and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) co-exist without dementia. CF is related to adverse health outcomes, such as functional disability, hospitalization, depression, and mortality. Studies suggest that poor oral health is also associated with a greater risk of frailty, a significant healthcare challenge in aging populations. However, no previous studies have investigated the association between oral health and CF. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and its association with oral health. A secondary analysis was conducted using the 7th wave dataset from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging collected in 2018. Individuals aged ≥65 years, without dementia and pre-frailty were included (N=750, mean age 73.2 years). Participants were classified into either robust (n=635) or CF (n=115) based on the presence or absence of CF. Oral health was assessed using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Poor oral health was prevalent in both robust and CF groups (58.6% and 95.7%, respectively). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations of CF with oral health. CF was significantly associated with GOHAI scores (B = −0.153, 95% CI: 0.833-0.884, p &lt; 0.001). The association remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, educational level, smoking, drinking, comorbidities, and body mass index (B = −0.140, 95% CI: 0.836-0.904, p &lt; 0.001). The presence of oral health problems was associated with greater risks of developing CF in older age. The identification and management of poor oral health is critical to preventing cognitive frailty in older adults.
ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX (ABI) AND ACCELEROMETER PATTERNS OF DAILY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN HCHS/SOL
Authors: Schrack Jennifer , Chiu Venus , Wanigatunga Amal , Sotres-Alvarez Daniela , Ballew Shoshana , Allison Matthew , Kaplan Robert , Matsushita Kunihiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The benefits of routine engagement in physical activity (PA) on vascular health are well established; lesser known is whether vascular health associates with accelerometry-based daily patterns of PA in mid-to-late life. Using linear regression models adjusted for demographics and comorbidities, we modeled the cross-sectional associations between ankle brachial index (ABI) and PA patterns (diurnal activity and activity fragmentation) in 7,848 HCHS/SOL participants (45.5% men, 56.4±0.2 years). Compared to those with normal ABI (1.0-1.4), those with low ABI (≤0.9) had more fragmented daily activity (B=1.0%, SE=0.4, p=.04); primarily between 12 and 8 PM (B=1.66%, SE=0.55, p&lt;.01). Similarly, those with low ABI had lower daily activity throughout the day (B=-0.09 log-counts, SE=0.05, p&lt;.05) also mainly between 12 and 8 PM (B=-0.16 log-counts, SE=0.55, p&lt;.01). Results suggest a diminished, less favorable PA profile patterns in those with low ABI. Future longitudinal studies should consider whether patterns of PA assist in determining PAD risk.
DUAL-TASK CHANGES IN PREFRONTAL ACTIVATION AND GAIT QUALITY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Baillargeon Emma , Suri Anisha , Huppert Theodore , Sejdic Ervin , Rosso Andrea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We compared the impact of performing dual-task walking on gait quality and prefrontal cortical activation assessed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We hypothesized a greater increase in fNIRS averaged over the left prefrontal cortex during dual-task walking would be associated with a greater decrease in gait quality (increased step-time variability; decreased gait speed, cadence, smoothness, and adaptability). In older adults (n=60, 75±5.8 years, 57% female), we quantified the change in fNIRS and gait metrics from single-task walking (even surface) to walking with attentional (reciting every-other letter of the alphabet) and physical (uneven surface) dual-task challenges using four 15m repetitions of each task. Gait metrics were computed from a tri-axial accelerometer at the lower-back. Changes in fNIRS from single to dual-task walking were not associated with changes in gait quality for both attentional and physical challenges (Spearman correlations, all p&gt;0.08). Variability in response across individuals may contribute to our findings.
THE INFLUENCE OF NURSING HOME CHAMPIONS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PERSON-CENTERED QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
Authors: Kunkel Miranda , Kasler Kamryn , Heppner Alexandra , VanHaitsma Kimberly , Abbott Katherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Preferences for Activity and Leisure (PAL) Cards are a communication tool designed to alert nursing home staff to important resident preferences. This study explored the role of nursing home provider champions implementing (PAL) Cards in their community. Champions (n=35) created PAL Cards for 15-20 residents. A total of 88 monthly interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, checked for accuracy, and coded using the domain “Characteristics of the Individual” from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Each construct was assigned a general valence rating based on consensus. Four constructs received the highest positive valence ratings and were identified as important facilitators to implementation success, and one construct received a neutral valence. Champions who anticipated the benefits of PAL Cards for their community and recruited a supportive team exhibited high implementation success. Additionally, the champion’s perception of help from staff seemed to increase their own self-efficacy to achieve their goals.
TEMPORARY ADDITIONS TO TEMPORARY HOUSING: LESSONS FROM HEALTH EXPERIENCES OF COVID AVOIDANCE HOTEL RESIDENTS
Authors: Johnson Ian , Light Michael , Perry Tam , Lewinson Terri 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 amplified system burdens and health risks within the housing care continuum, in which older adults with chronic serious illness are disproportionately represented. We present retrospective chart review data about the health experiences of older adults with serious illness living in and moving through temporary avoidance hotels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through narratives of fourteen residents, we illustrate trends across two nine-month phases. Trends illustrate how avoidance hotels created opportunities for continuity of care, connection to services, and health-affirming relationships with place. We also identified challenges in catering to diverse medical, behavioral, and psychosocial-spiritual needs of older and seriously ill residents, as well as negative consequences to the geographic dispersion caused by de-congregating homeless shelters. Avoidance hotels present important lessons in considering future housing and healthcare intervention and implementation for older people facing homelessness while seriously ill.
BRIDGING THE GAP: SERVICE COORDINATION IN HUD HOUSING DURING COVID-19
Authors: Scheckler Samara , Molinsky Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older HUD residents were vulnerable to COVID-19 due to their age, health, income, race, ethnicity, and resources. In combination, these factors increased risk to health and housing stability. While many HUD properties employ a service coordinator, this role is not universally adopted and impacts of these services are not well understood. This research surveyed service coordinators in mid-2020 and late-2021 to characterize older adult experiences living in public housing during the pandemic and ways service coordinators helped manage disruptions. Surveys were disseminated to 3,500 service coordinators. Findings identified needs in transportation, personal care, sociality, mental and physical healthcare, and food. Interventions included resource procurement, benefits management, technology access improvement, and linking residents to services. Tools included information dissemination, needs assessments, and partnership development. This work offers insight into the role of a service coordinator to mitigate health and housing risk. It becomes increasingly salient as HUD residents trend demographically older.
GSA R13 DIVERSITY WORKSHOP: THE CAREER JOURNEY OF A THOUSAND EXPERIENCES BEGINS WITH ONE STEP
Authors: Heyn Patricia , Whitfield Keith 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
After 23 years, since the NIH recognized the need to increase the contribution of underrepresented minority (URM) scientists in the biomedical sciences, modest gains have been made to address the significant under-representation in biomedical sciences. By the time URM scholars have gained the necessary research skills to succeed as scientists, they have overcome many social and professional barriers, yet they still experience the social burdens of disadvantage and discrimination. In an effort to increase representation, the GSA has been successfully delivering Diversity Mentoring and Career Development Technical Assistance Workshops (GSA DMCDTAW) since 2018 with support from grants from the NIH/NIA. Many trainees and faculty from diverse backgrounds participated in DMCDTAW. The program promoted peer mentoring opportunities, professional training, and networking engagements and underwent a series of evaluations and focus group discussions. The program framework, curriculum, and evaluation will be presented. Recommendations for future mentoring development and evaluation will be discussed.
UPDATE IN GEROSCIENCE FOR NONBIOLOGISTS
Authors: Kuchel George , Austad Steven 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Geroscience began as a result of discoveries made by biologists in aging cells, simple organisms and animal models. Such advances, the discovery of strategies for modifying rate of aging, and appreciation of aging as a shared risk factor for chronic diseases led to the Geroscience Hypothesis. It states that interventions modifying aging biology can slow its progression, resulting in the prevention or delay of onset of multiple diseases. However, for these discoveries to truly impact human health, nonbiologists – scientists in other disciplines and clinicians, must also engage in geroscience. An obstacle to a wider engagement by disciplines and GSA members other than basic biologists in geroscience has been the fact that varied fields engaged in aging issues tend to use language (jargon), methods and scientific approach that can make their work less accessible and understandable to other disciplines. To that end, speakers have been selected not only for their scientific contributions, but also for their ability to overcome such barriers. Steve Austad (UAB) will discuss the range of animal models and experimental approaches that led to the Geroscience Hypothesis. Anne Newman (U Pittsburgh) will review evidence that these findings are relevant to and might be translatable to humans. John Newman (UCSF/Buck) will seek to frame these considerations in terms of broader societal discussions regarding aging while providing a framework by which nonbiologists may critically evaluate discoveries and actual products claiming benefits in terms of aging. (Sponsored by Nathan Shock Coordinating Center U24AG056053; Geroscience Education and Training Network R25AG073119).
WHAT WAS IMPORTANT TO OLDER VOTERS IN THE 2020 ELECTION? A LOOK AT COVID-19, MISINFORMATION, AND POLICY
Authors: Rickenbach Elizabeth , Fassi Janelle , Doran Kevin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
High older voter turnout rates, a growing aging population, and organizations that serve the interests of older adults have historically contributed to the importance of older adults for elections. Since 2010 older voters have tended to vote Republican, with White older adults typically preferring Republican candidates, and Black and Hispanic older voters typically preferring Democratic candidates. In the 2020 election, the 65+ group of voters showed the same Republican candidate favorability but followed a slow downward trend from recent elections. Grounded in a demographic, economic, and generational context, and considering theory and research from gerontology, political science, psychology, and sociology, this presentation will explore older voter turnout and candidate choice in the 2020 presidential election. The focus will be on considering past trends and public polling data to examine three key issues in relation to the behavior of older voters in 2020: COVID-19, presidential candidate platforms, and misinformation and the media.
RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS OF DEMENTIA: A LIFESPAN APPROACH
Authors: Ferdows Nasim B , Aranda Maria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We examined risk and protective factors associated with dementia and decomposed racial/ethnic disparities in factors associated with dementia. We performed a retrospective analysis of 3,495 individuals 65+ who participated in the 2016 Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol, linked to Health and Retirement Study. Using the MMSE score, individuals were classified as having dementia vs cognitively normal. Risk factors included cardiovascular factors and hearing loss in midlife, current smoking, depression, and physical inactivity. Protective factors included educational attainment and wealth. Using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition we quantified the relative contribution of individual variables in explaining racial/ethnic disparities. We found that Blacks and Hispanics have higher dementia risk compared to Whites. Accounting for demographics, mid-and later-life risk and protective factors explained one-third of the difference in Blacks and Whites’ cognitive functioning, and two-thirds of the difference in Hispanics and Whites. The findings highlight disparate dementia rates, and the need to elucidate other factors beyond race/ethnicity.
MEDICARE AND THE DYNAMICS OF US HEALTH REFORM POLITICS
Authors: Gusmano Michael , Monheit Alan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Since the 2020 election, President Biden and Congressional Democrats have largely abandoned proposals for creating a “Medicare for All” system or adding a “public option” to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplaces. This reflects a lack of sufficient enthusiasm, within the Congress or the public, for either option. These options are viewed by many current Medicare beneficiaries as a potential threat to their existing benefits. Indeed, framing the ACA and other efforts to expand insurance coverage as a threat to Medicare has become something that health reform opponents have done routinely since the 2010 midterm election. We will apply behavioral economics principles including loss aversion, hyperbolic discounting, and status quo bias, to explain why it has been easy to demonize reform options such as these. In addition to presenting data from public opinion polls, we will examine how Congressional and other party leaders have framed these choices for the public.
AGING IN COMMUNITY MODELS IN THE US: FRAMEWORKS FOR COMMUNITY SUPPORTIVE NETWORK DIALOGS BETWEEN WEST AND EAST
Authors: Hou Su-I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aging in Community (AIC) is the preferred way to age. This session shares promising AIC models in the U.S. and analyzed model characteristics. Four models were identified with the potential to achieve person-environment (P-E) fit, including village, naturally occurring retirement community (NORC), cohousing, and university-based retirement community (UBRC). Empirical studies show these AIC models enhance social support and improving older adult's well-being, remain independence at homes, and community social and civic participation. Each model has a unique way to help community-dwelling older adults with their aging needs. This session aims to stimulate dialogs on opportunities and challenges of forming AIC supportive networks considering Eastern versus Western cultural and societal differences. Promising U.S. AIC models shared will serve as conceptual frameworks to facilitate discussions on various model’s strengths and weakness and how they might be adapted in Taiwan’s society considering eastern cultural values, societal norms, and healthcare system. Examples of Taiwan versions of these similar promising U.S. AIC models will be shared. Continued research is needed to address the challenges of engaging older adults with lower socio-economic status, meeting older adults' diverse and dynamic needs, and conducting comparative studies to share lessons learned across the globe.
LINGUISTIC STRATEGIES FOR AGE-INCLUSIVITY: ANALYSIS OF HAIKU-BASED INTERGENERATIONAL INTERACTION
Authors: Maeda Harumi , Wan Emily , Matsumoto Yoshiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many studies have examined communicative and linguistic strategies helpful to the interactional inclusion of persons living with dementia (PLwD) and the promotion of an age-inclusive society (e.g., Wray, 2020; Stickle, 2020). Building on this existing body of research, our study examines question-answer sequences in conversations (Schegloff & Sacks, 1973) among younger adults and PLwD using discourse analysis methodology to illuminate effective communicative practices for facilitating more inclusive and meaningful interactions between these individuals. Findings from this methodology are complemented by analysis of post-interaction interviews. The data set for this study consists of audio-video recordings of (1) intergenerational conversations around haiku poetry in English between older adults with mild cognitive impairments (MCI) and college students, and (2) post-interaction interviews that assess participants’ feelings about the experience. The data was collected as part of a larger study designed to promote social inclusion of individuals of all ages and cognitive conditions, particularly during the pandemic, via an online intergenerational haiku-making activity. The audio-video recordings were transcribed for qualitative analysis. Findings from the analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of open and emotion-focused questions (Matsumoto, Liao, Xue, 2020; Worley, 2005) in encouraging persons with MCI to express themselves on their own terms and promoting their interactional participation. By presenting the benefits of this type of question and related linguistic strategies, this study hopes to provide a basis for developing more inclusive communicative environments for people of all ages and PLwD to help improve quality of life and well-being across all stages of life.