bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovering Pulsar Periodicity from Time-of-arrival Data by Finding the Shortest Vector in a Lattice
Authors: Gazith Dotan , Pearlman Aaron B. , Zackay Barak 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The strict periodicity of pulsars is one of the primary ways through which their nature and environment can be studied, and it has also enabled precision tests of general relativity and studies of nanohertz gravitational waves using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Identifying such a periodicity from a discrete set of arrival times is a difficult algorithmic problem, In particular when the pulsar is in a binary system. This challenge is especially acute in γ-ray pulsar astronomy, as there are hundreds of unassociated Fermi-LAT sources that may be produced by γ-ray emission from unknown pulsars. Recovering their timing solutions will help reveal their properties and may allow them to be added to PTAs. The same issue arises when attempting to recover a strict periodicity for repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs). Such a detection would be a major breakthrough, providing us with the FRB source’s age, magnetic field, and binary orbit. The problem of recovering a timing solution from sparse time-of-arrival data is currently unsolvable for pulsars in unknown binary systems, and incredibly hard even for isolated pulsars. In this paper, we frame the timing recovery problem as the problem of finding a short vector in a lattice and obtain the solution using off-the-shelf lattice reduction and sieving techniques. As a proof of concept, we solve PSR J0318+0253, a millisecond γ-ray pulsar discovered by FAST in a γ-ray-directed search, in a few CPU minutes. We discuss the assumptions of the standard lattice techniques and quantify their performance and limitations.
The Effect of Donor Star Rejuvenation on Common Envelope Evolution
Authors: Landri C. , Ricker P. M. , Renzo M. , Rau 饒 S. 孝節 , Vigna-Gómez A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In close binary star systems, common envelope evolution (CEE) may occur after a previous phase of mass transfer. Some isolated formation channels for double neutron star binaries suggest that the donor of CEE was the accretor of a previous phase of stable mass transfer. Accretion should substantially alter the structure of the donor, particularly by steepening the density gradient at the core-envelope interface and rejuvenating the star. We study the CEE of a donor that was the accretor of a previous phase of stable mass transfer and has a rejuvenated structure. We perform 3D hydrodynamics simulations of the CEE of an 18 M
⊙ supergiant with a 1.4 M
⊙ companion using rejuvenated and non-rejuvenated 1D stellar models for the donor. We compare the two simulations to characterize the effect of the rejuvenation on the outcome of the common envelope phase and the shape of the ejecta. We find that accounting for a previous phase of mass transfer reduces the duration of the inspiral phase by a factor of two, likely due to the different structures in the outer layers of the donor. In the rejuvenated case, the simulations show more equatorially concentrated and asymmetric ejecta, though both cases display evidence for the formation of a pressure-supported thick circumbinary disk. During the dynamical inspiral phase, the impact of rejuvenation on the unbinding of the envelope is unclear; we find that rejuvenation decreases the amount of unbound mass by 20%–40% depending on the energy criterion used.
Agglutination et segmentation graphique dans les Mémoires autographes de Philippe de Vigneulles
Authors: Bazin-Tacchella Sylvie 
Published: January 2025

Les Mémoires du messin Philippe de Vigneulles (1471-1528), transmises par un seul manuscrit autographe, abondamment corrigées et complétées par son auteur, constituent un témoignage sur les usages et la variation dans un écrit qui se situe à mi-chemin entre l’écrit personnel et l’œuvre destinée à la diffusion et transmise par une copie professionnelle. L’article porte sur la pratique de Philippe de Vigneulles en matière d’agglutination et de segmentation graphique. Deux cas sont distingués : l’agglutination consécutive à une élision – habituelle dans l’écriture manuscrite avant l’adoption de l’apostrophe – et l’agglutination sans élision. Un inventaire des différentes séquences amalgamées sans élision, à deux éléments ou plus, est dressé. Le cas inverse, celui de la segmentation, est présent de façon beaucoup plus limitée. Certains cas de concurrence permettent de s’interroger sur les facteurs favorisant l’amalgame. Les analyses révèlent des tendances encore contradictoires, marquées par une pratique plutôt scripturale que grammaticale.
La réduction des variantes verbales au présent de l’indicatif en français par les injonctions des Remarqueurs et des grammairiens au 17e siècle
Authors: Weyh Charlène 
Published: January 2025

Le verbe trouver a maintenu les variantes treuv- et trouv- jusqu’au 17e siècle. Cet article présente une double étude du verbe trouver en français : une étude linguistique à l’aide de la base de données textuelles Frantext afin de connaitre le nombre d’attestation des formes en [ø] et des formes en [u] au 17e siècle ; et une étude métalinguistique à travers le Grand Corpus des grammaires françaises, des remarques et des traités sur la langue (XIVe – XVIIe s.) de Garnier Numérique. L’objectif est de montrer, à travers cette double étude du verbe trouver, comment les injonctions des Remarqueurs – et notamment celles de Vaugelas – ont impacté l’évolution des variantes verbales.
Acceptance and adoption determinants of telemedicine in public healthcare institutions
Authors: Phorah Kokisa E. , Motsi Lovemore 
Published: January 2025

Background: One of the challenges facing the usage of telemedicine technology in South Africa, particularly in the North West province (NWP), is lack of user acceptance by health care professionals which prevents piloted project to produce the desired outcomes.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influential factors for the adoption of telemedicine by health care professionals from three selected hospitals (Bophelong, Taung and Klerksdorp) in the NWP.Method: The study adopted a case study approach and gathered data through questionnaires, which were distributed to the health care professionals of the three selected hospitals. In order to ensure that the instrument was accurate, a pilot study was carried out prior to the main investigation. Both the alpha and power values were set at 0.05 for the statistical analysis. The statistical tool used for the data analysis was SPSS v. 23.0.Results: Attitude towards the use of telemedicine technology (ATUTT), perceived usefulness (PU) and acceptance of telemedicine technology (ATT) were considered to be the influential factors in the adoption of telemedicine technology. The association between perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) (0.150, p = 0.034), PEOU and Attitude towards the use of telemedicine technology (ATUTT) (0.211, p = 0.002), PEOU and Acceptance of telemedicine technology (ATT) (0.245, p = 0.000), PU and (ATT) (0.212, p = 0.002), ATUTT and (ATT) (0.189, p = 0.005). However, PEOU was found to have an insignificant relationship with (0.048, p = 0.093). Hypotheses 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are supported while H2 was not supported.Conclusion: The study aims to fill the knowledge vacuum identified, helping poor countries effectively implement telemedicine technology to modernise the health care sector. In addition, results from this study shed insight on the varied impacts of individual, technical, clinical and multidimensional social influence variables on health care providers’ decisions to use telemedicine.Contribution: This study contributes to the body of knowledge by investigating the success factors for telemedicine technology adoption in South African public hospitals. These results have important implications for the public health care system in South Africa, both for the direction of future research and for the methods used to promote the use of telemedicine.
Effect of entrepreneurial marketing on SMEs competitive performance in Lesotho
Authors: Amadasun Osakpamwan E.D. , Mutezo Ashley T. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Entrepreneurial marketing (EM) is an important market strategic concept that small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners or managers adopt and practise to drive their enterprises to attain competitive financial performance. Records indicate that in the past 20 years limited studies have focussed on EM strategic challenges that the Basotho SMEs face in Lesotho.Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of EM strategies (customer relationship, strategic networking and customer satisfaction) on the competitive financial performance of SMEs in selected districts of Lesotho.Setting: The data for this study were collected from the four districts of Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng and Maseru in Lesotho, where SME distribution is higher compared to other districts in Lesotho.Methods: The descriptive-correlation research design was adopted using the questionnaire as the primary research tool for the data collection in the four selected districts, and the data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The three predictors (customer relationship, strategic networking and customer satisfaction) of the EM estimates identified that each predictor statistically contributes significantly to SMEs’ dynamic market operation and attaining competitive financial performance.Conclusion: The three factors of EM explain why SME owners or managers should consider the predictors as critical and synergic market factors that influence their enterprises to attain competitive financial performance.Contribution: The results of this study suggest (to SME owners, managers and policymakers) that the three predictors of EM are critically idiosyncratic and have a distinctive influence on the SMEs’ effective market operation and attaining competitive financial performance.
Does Long-Segment Involvement in Thoracic Ossified Ligamentum Flavum-Associated Compressive Myelopathy Portend a Poor Surgical Outcome?
Authors: Scaria Sam , Divakar Ganesh , Kesavapisharady Krishnakumar , Venkat Easwer Harihara , Stanley Antony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Compressive myelopathy due to thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a rare disorder of multifactorial etiology, and considerable ambiguity exists regarding several clinical and radiological indicators for prognosis following surgery. This study aims to analyze and compare the surgical outcomes from short-segment and long-segment involvement in patients with compressive myelopathy secondary to thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum and critically review the relevant literature.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective, single-center study of 28 consecutive patients operated exclusively for TOLF divided into short-segment-TOLF (SSTOLF) (n = 15), having one or two contiguous levels of cord compression involvement, and long-segment-TOLF (LSTOLF) (n = 13), having three or more contiguous levels of involvement. The clinical features of these groups before and after surgery were analyzed and compared.

Results:
There were 20 males and eight females with a mean age of 53.2 years. Overall, there was a significant inverse correlation between the preoperative duration of symptoms and the Hirabayashi Recovery Rate (HRR) (r = -0.675, P = 0.001). The preoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score strongly correlated with the HRR (r = 0.715, P = 0.001). The mean preoperative JOA scores were 6.67 (0.72) and 4.08 (0.76), and the mean improvement in JOA scores for SSTOLF and LSTOLF following surgery were 2.26 (0.71) and 1.46 (1.13), respectively, which was statistically significant (P = 0.03).

Conclusions:
Patients with SSTOLF presented with symptoms relatively early, although with a better neurological profile and attained good functional status following surgical intervention. In contrast, patients with LSTOLF had a worse baseline clinical profile, and despite improvement with surgery, they had a poor functional status.
Correlation Between Deformity Correction and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Kurian Anand , Amritanand Rohit , Paul Arun John , David Kenny Samuel , Krishnan Venkatesh , Yadav Bijesh Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Surgical treatment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is primarily indicated for cosmesis. The assessment of the efficacy of this surgery by the patient and the surgeon may differ. The surgeon often relies on radiographic parameters, while the patient’s satisfaction is gauged by functional outcome measures. We aim to study the correlation between patient-reported outcome measures and radiographic deformity correction in patients with AIS.

Materials and Methods:
We included AIS patients who underwent deformity correction surgery at our institute between January 2010 and December 2019 with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. The curves were classified by the Lenke Classification preoperatively. Pre and postoperative radiographic parameters were calculated to determine the respective radiographic deformity score, and patients answered a postoperative outcome questionnaire, the Scoliosis Research Society revised (SRS)-22r. The radiographic parameters and outcome measures were then subjected to correlational analysis.

Results:
A total of 44 (7 males and 37 females) AIS patients with ages ranging from 10 to 18 years were included in our study. The average clinico-radiological follow-up period was 2 years and 7 months. The preoperative primary curve Cobb angle was 63.98 ± 21° and the postoperative primary curve Cobb angle was 29.28 ± 18°. The percentage of mean curve correction was 56.6%. The median SRS-22r score at the latest follow-up was 4.3. Our correlational analysis found no statistically significant correlation between postoperative radiographic scores and postoperative SRS-22r scores (r = 0.08, P = 0.58). We also found no significant correlation between coronal and sagittal radiographic scores and final SRS-22r scores.

Conclusion:
The radiographic parameters and patient-reported outcomes in our study did not correlate. This highlights the need for cognizance of the patient’s and surgeon’s differing vantage points when interpreting surgical outcomes.
Iatrogenic Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury in an Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Undergoing Thoracolumbar Fracture fixation
Authors: Basu Saumyajit , Gohil Kushal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After initial injury, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients continue to be at higher risk for secondary neurologic deterioration. Approximately 3%–25% of spinal cord injuries occur after the initial trauma, either during transit or in the early course of management. However, neurological deterioration following repositioning after surgery has not been reported. A 52-year-old male, a known case of AS, presented with an un-displaced three-column fracture at the T12/L1, after a fall. He did not have any neurological deficit and underwent T10 to L2 percutaneous pedicle screw-rod fixation. Intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) data demonstrated no changes. He was then turned into the supine position, and when he was extubated, he had grade 0/5 power in both lower limbs. Fluoroscopy revealed displacement at the fracture site, which had occurred when the patient was flipped over after surgery. Immediately, he was again intubated and open reduction of fracture, decompression, and revision of fixation were done. IONM data indicated some recovery. He woke up with grade 2/5 power in his lower limbs. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation were continued, and by the end of 1 year, he had regained his preoperative neurological status. However, the fracture gap persisted with distal screw loosening and pull-out at 15-month follow-up, for which proximal and distal extension of fusion was performed. At 2-year follow-up after the revision surgery, the fracture had healed well. The patient’s significant recovery underscores the importance of prompt intervention in intraoperative spinal injuries, offering valuable insights for surgeons managing AS patients. AS patients are more prone to developing neurological deterioration in the perioperative period, and great care must be taken while handling these patients.
Hirayama Disease and Its Management: Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India
Authors: Vijayan Selvin Prabhakar , Gerber Christopher , Basu Anindya , Tiwari Mona , Hussain Tosaddeque M. D. , Ganguly Jacky 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Hirayama disease (HD) is a unique, benign, and self-limiting cause of compressive myelopathy. It presents as an asymmetric weakness and atrophy of one or both distal upper extremities. Treatment of HD is controversial, and traditionally conservative management is advocated, while recently, surgical management has been preferred in refractory cases. We present our experience in the management of HD using different modalities.

Materials and Methods:
Data of patients diagnosed with HD from 2016 to 2022 were collected with multiple clinical and radiological (dynamic MRI) parameters being noted. A total of 17 patients were identified, out of which 14 were managed conservatively and three surgically. The patient outcomes were analyzed at the final follow-up.

Results:
All patients were males with a mean age of 25 years. Seven had bilateral and ten had unilateral upper limb symptoms. The most common clinical findings were weakness and wasting of distal hand muscles (100%) followed by forearm weakness (59%). MRI findings observed were abnormal cervical curvature followed by enhancement in the epidural component (71%). Functional assessment was carried out using the Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function test (JTHFT). At follow-up, 10 out of 14 patients given conservative management had successful treatment outcomes (5 improved; 5 plateaued). The mean JTHFT score improved from 69.5 to 62.5 s. In four patients with failed conservative treatment, the JTHFT score worsened from 62 to 75 s. All three who underwent surgery had improved outcomes, with a JTHFT score of 54 s from 79 s.

Conclusion:
HD is a rare condition warranting a high index of suspicion for diagnosis, especially in patients of atypical age groups. Reasonable outcomes are seen with conservative management in mild cases with gradual progression. Surgery is useful in failed conservative management or with severe weakness and rapid deterioration of symptoms, giving good outcomes.
A Narrative Review on Pedicle Screw Instrumentation in the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Anil Abhijith , Krishnan Ajay , Dave Bharat R. , Degulmadi Devanand 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pedicle screw (PS) fixation in the lumbar spine provides immediate stability and rigid fixation without sacrificing adjacent motion segments. This study was done to provide a narrative review of the evolution and technology of PS insertion with a focus on only lumbar spine. PS are the most widely used anchors in spinal constructs. However, there is wide variation in techniques of screw insertion from surgeon to surgeon. While generally safe, PS insertion if done incorrectly can have catastrophic complications. This review also provides an update on enabling technology that can be used to avoid malposition of screws. A literature search was conducted on PubMed and articles relevant to lumbar spine PS instrumentation were reviewed. We have described various techniques of PS insertion in terms of their entry points, trajectory, and directional guidance. The biomechanical principles underlying PS fixation and the parameters to select the optimal screw are described. Recent advances in technology that aim to improve the safety and ease of PS insertion are also discussed.
Role of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty for the Treatment of Symptomatic Schmorl’s Nodes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Palliyil Nigil Sadanandan , Vellara Jim Francis , Bharathidasan Vasanth , Nair Anjaly S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Patients with refractory back pain due to Schmorl’s nodes who fail treatment with conservative measures may need surgical intervention. However, there is no consensus in literature on the ideal surgical treatment. Segmental fusion procedures are quite extensile, reducing the number of spinal motion segments and having a prolonged recovery period. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or kyphoplasty, as a minimally invasive treatment, is an attractive treatment option, though the literature available on the abovementioned techniques is quite sparse. Hence, we performed a systematic review on their efficacy. The systematic review was conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the search phrase “Schmorl’s nodes AND (Vertebroplasty OR Kyphoplasty).” Isolated case reports, case series with patients <10, and non-English language papers were excluded. Five articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. A total of 189 patients (90 males and 99 females) with a mean age of 68.4 years were included. The mean follow-up age was 44.2 months. Out of the 189 patients, 157 underwent vertebroplasty, while 32 underwent kyphoplasty. The preoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score averaged 8. Postoperatively, the VAS scores improved to 2.17, 2.05, and 2.07 at 4 h, 1 month, and 6 months, respectively. The average Oswestry Disability Index scores improved from 69.9 (preoperatively) to 24.4 (postoperatively). Approximately 4.2% of patients experienced cement leaks to the adjacent disc, while 2.1% of patients suffered from adjacent-level fractures. PVP or kyphoplasty could be a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment option for the management of symptomatic Schmorl’s nodes refractory to conservative treatment, thereby avoiding the need for complex fusion procedures.
Beta Thalassemia Major as a Rare Cause of Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hemorrhage
Authors: Patil Monali M. , Barve Pandurang , Nadkarni Trimurti D. , Parve Patil Karansinh R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare neurosurgical emergency with paucity of data in understanding the pathogenesis. SSEH can be devastating to the patients as it causes permanent paraplegia if not treated in a timely manner. SSEH has been described in various coagulopathic disorders but there have been no case reports of spontaneous epidural hematoma occurring in patients with beta thalassemia. We present a case report illustrating clinical features, magnetic resonance imaging findings, operative intervention, and outcome after surgery in a 17-year-old boy with beta thalassemia major, who presented to us with epidural hematoma in dorsolumbar spine, requiring emergency long segment laminotomy and evacuation of the epidural clot. The operative procedure resulted in a good outcome over a period of 6 months. We have proposed pathophysiology of formation of SSEH in beta thalassemia patients. The pathophysiology behind the hemorrhagic manifestation is not completely understood and requires further studies. Timely diagnosis is important to avoid life-threatening morbidity or mortality in such patients because surgical decompression with physiotherapy leads to good outcomes.