bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘On paper, you’re normal’: narratives of unseen health needs among women who have had children removed from their care
Authors: Grant Claire , Powell Claire , Philip Georgia , Blackburn Ruth , Lacey Rebecca , Woodman Jenny 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Mothers who have children removed from their care often have complex needs. These women have poor health outcomes and are dying earlier than their peers from preventable and amenable causes. Yet there is little known about how health care services might mitigate these risks. This study aimed to listen to the voices of women who had children removed from their care to understand their experiences of health and healthcare.

Methods
We used a narrative approach to collect and analyse interview data with six mothers who had experienced child removal in England. Each participant was asked to reflect on their life and main health challenges.

Results
Three narrative subplots were developed to consolidate experiences of unmet health need: (i) ‘on paper you’re normal’: narratives of complex need, (ii) ‘in my family, everyone had issues’: narratives of whole family need and (iii) ‘I’m still mummy, no matter where they are’: narratives of maternal identity and health.

Conclusions
Findings highlight limitations within current systems of support, including a culture of distrust and women falling between the gaps of services. Women’s narratives illustrate opportunities for health intervention, especially immediately following child removal.
Tristan Corbière and T. S. Eliot’s Salt-Encrusted Poetry
Authors: Evans Suzannah V 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The name of Tristan Corbière (1847–1875) appears repeatedly in T. S. Eliot’s criticism, notably in his Clark and Turnbull lectures where Eliot characterized Corbière as a metaphysical poet and observed that he is a ‘finer poet, though a lesser intellect, than Laforgue’. Corbière’s influence on Eliot has long been recognized, but few critics acknowledge the particular resonance of his maritime poems. It is time to revisit Corbière’s crucial influence on Eliot, who drew on his writing for Poems (1920), and most significantly in the draft sea passages of The Waste Land. Identifying Corbière’s presence in the draft allows us to hear the French poet in the final version of ‘Death by Water’, and reveals that Eliot owes more to Corbière than has previously been acknowledged. I argue that Eliot was captivated by Corbière’s resolutely unsentimental depiction of maritime elements in Les Amours jaunes, and that this Breton poet offered Eliot a new voice.
Proteomics analyses of human plasma reveal triosephosphate isomerase as a potential blood marker of methotrexate resistance in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Escal Jean , Neel Tiphany , Hodin Sophie , Boussoualim Karima , Amouzougan Adamah , Coassy Astrid , Locrelle Hervé , Thomas Thierry , Delavenne Xavier , Marotte Hubert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess differentially expressed blood proteins between patients with active RA and patients in remission after MTX treatment, with the aim of identifying a biomarker of MTX resistance (MTXR).

Methods
Two populations of RA patients treated with a stable dose of s.c. MTX for at least 3 months were constituted according to the DAS28: remission (DAS28 &lt; 2.6; n = 24) and active disease (DAS28 &gt; 3.2; n = 32). The two groups of RA patients were homogeneous regarding their epidemiological characteristics, except for the duration of treatment, which was longer in the remission group. After collection of a blood sample, plasma protein digestion was performed, followed by untargeted proteomics analysis. Then, a targeted analysis was performed to confirm the results of the untargeted approach.

Results
Untargeted proteomics analysis revealed eight plasma proteins that were differentially expressed between the two groups of patients. Among them, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI-1) and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), which are main actors in glycolysis, were found down-regulated in the active group. This result was confirmed for TPI-1 in the targeted proteomics analysis.

Conclusion
A first step was achieved in the search for biomarkers of MTXR, with the identification of two actors in glycolysis (TPI-1 and GPI). The next step will be to confirm these results in a larger cohort, including samples from treatment-naive patients, to assess the predictive potential of these protein markers.
Predictors of Mortality Following a Schizophrenia Spectrum Diagnosis: Evidence From the 20-Year Follow-up of the OPUS Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Starzer Marie Stefanie Kejser , Hansen Helene Gjervig , Hjorthøj Carsten , Speyer Helene , Albert Nikolai , Nordentoft Merete 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
The life expectancy of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia is 10–12 years lower than in the general population and the mortality gap seems to be worsening. Many of these deaths might be avoidable. We aimed to determine mortality rates and causes of death after a first-episode psychosis, and to examine if clinical characteristics at baseline or during illness could predict mortality.

Study Design
The OPUS study was a randomized controlled trial of 578 patients first diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Patients were clinically assessed after 2, 5, 10, and 20 years. Information about time and cause of death was obtained from the Danish Cause of Death Register. Hazard ratios were used to assess predictors of death.

Study Results
In total, 82 (14.4%) participants died during 20 years of follow-up. The most common cause of death was suicide (27%). At baseline employment (HR 0.47 P = .049), psychotic disorder other than schizophrenia (HR 0.36, P = .017), and longer duration of untreated psychosis (HR 0.57 P = .042) predicted lower mortality while substance use predicted higher mortality (HR 2.56, P &lt; .001). During follow-up, symptom remission without antipsychotic medication and recovery predicted lower mortality (HR 0.08 P = .013 and HR 0.21, P = .028) while substance use (HR 3.64 P &lt; .001), and all chronic illnesses predicted increased risk.

Conclusions
There is an increased risk of early mortality in schizophrenia compared to the background population, and there is an urgent need for new efforts to improve the disparities in health that lead to this increased mortality.
Early detection of genotoxic hepatocarcinogens in rats using γH2AX and Ki-67: prediction by machine learning
Authors: Michiba Ayano , Gi Min , Yokohira Masanao , Sakurai Eiko , Teramoto Atsushi , Kiriyama Yuka , Yamada Seiji , Wanibuchi Hideki , Tsukamoto Tetsuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Direct DNA double-strand breaks result in phosphorylation of H2AX, a variant of the histone H2 protein. Phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) may be a potential indicator in the evaluation of genotoxicity and hepatocarcinogenicity. In this study, γH2AX and Ki-67 were detected in the short-term responses (24 h after chemical administration) to classify genotoxic hepatocarcinogens (GHs) from non-GH chemicals. One hundred and thirty-five 6-week-old Crl: CD(SD) (SPF) male rats were treated with 22 chemicals including 11 GH and 11 non-GH, sacrificed 24 h later, and immunostained with γH2AX and Ki-67. Positivity rates of these markers were measured in the 3 liver ZONEs 1–3; portal, lobular, and central venous regions. These values were input into 3 machine learning models—Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and k-Nearest Neighbor to classify GH and non-GH using a 10-fold cross-validation method. All 11 and 10 out of 11 GH caused significant increase in γH2AX and Ki-67 levels, respectively (P &lt; .05). Of the 3 machine learning models, Random Forest performed the best. GH were identified with 95.0% sensitivity (76/80 GH-treated rats), 90.9% specificity (50/55 non-GH-treated rats), and 90.0% overall correct response rate using γH2AX staining, and 96.2% sensitivity (77/80), 81.8% specificity (45/55), and 90.4% overall correct response rate using Ki-67 labeling. Random Forest model using γH2AX and Ki-67 could independently predict GH in the early stage with high accuracy.
Sensor-Based Quantification of Peanut Disease Defoliation Using an Unmanned Aircraft System and Multispectral Imagery
Authors: Barocco Rebecca L. , Clohessy James W. , O’Brien G. Kelly , Dufault Nicholas S. , Anco Daniel J. , Small Ian M. 
Published: August 2023

Early leaf spot (Passalora arachidicola) and late leaf spot (Nothopassalora personata) are two of the most economically important foliar fungal diseases of peanut, often requiring seven to eight fungicide applications to protect against defoliation and yield loss. Rust (Puccinia arachidis) may also cause significant defoliation depending on season and location. Sensor technologies are increasingly being utilized to objectively monitor plant disease epidemics for research and supporting integrated management decisions. This study aimed to develop an algorithm to quantify peanut disease defoliation using multispectral imagery captured by an unmanned aircraft system. The algorithm combined the Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index and included calibration to site-specific peak canopy growth. Beta regression was used to train a model for percent net defoliation with observed visual estimations of the variety ‘GA-06G’ (0 to 95%) as the target and imagery as the predictor (train: pseudo-R2 = 0.71, test k-fold cross-validation: R2 = 0.84 and RMSE = 4.0%). The model performed well on new data from two field trials not included in model training that compared 25 (R2 = 0.79, RMSE = 3.7%) and seven (R2 = 0.87, RMSE = 9.4%) fungicide programs. This objective method of assessing mid-to-late season disease severity can be used to assist growers with harvest decisions and researchers with reproducible assessment of field experiments. This model will be integrated into future work with proximal ground sensors for pathogen identification and early season disease detection. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
A prospective study on total hip arthroplasty outcome in hip fracture compared with matched elective cohort
Authors: Lim Jun Wei , Tan Tze Khiang , AlKandari Nourah , Ridley David , Sripada Sankar , Jariwala Arpit Chandrakant 
Published: August 2023

Background:
We conducted a prospective study to compare the outcomes of THA for hip fractures with a best-matched elective cohort.

Method:
We prospectively reviewed patients underwent THA for hip fractures from 2017 to 2019. The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and complications were recorded. Our control group was elective THA cases matched for the month of operation, age, gender, implants, side of operation and surgeon’s grade. Unmatched cases were excluded.

Results:
Forty-one THA for hip fractures and forty-one matched elective THA were compared. The total modified Harris Hip Score [mHHS (total)] was significantly lower preoperatively in elective cohort (trauma vs. elective: 60.3 vs. 41.4, P<0.001) and achieved significantly higher score than trauma cohort one-year postoperatively (82.6 vs. 88.2, P= 0.029). The trauma cohort had similar mHHS (function) pre- and postoperatively, and no significant difference was witnessed between both cohorts postoperatively (35.1 vs. 37.6, P= 0.142). The mHHS (pain) was significantly higher in trauma cohort preoperatively (19.8 vs. 12.7, P=0.034), but the elective cohort achieved significantly higher mHHS (pain) than trauma cohort at one-year postoperative (40.1 vs. 42.7, P=0.027). Both cohorts had similar complication rates.

Conclusions:
This is the first matched prospective study on hip fracture patients that underwent THA, with one year follow up results and the involvement of preoperative and postoperative functional outcomes. With careful patient selection, trauma THA patients can return to their pre-injured function within a year and had comparable function scores with elective THA patients, without increased complication rates.
Menopausal hormone therapy and change in physical activity in the Women's Health Initiative hormone therapy clinical trials
Authors: Peila Rita , Xue Xiaonan , LaMonte Michael J. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Jung Su Yon , Johnson Karen C. , Coday Mace , Richey Phyllis , Mouton Charles P. , Saquib Nazums , Chlebowski Rowan T. , Pan Kathy , Michael Yvonne L. , LeBoff Meryl S. , Manson JoAnn E. , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
The menopausal transition results in a progressive decrease in circulating estrogen levels. Experimental evidence in rodents has indicated that estrogen depletion leads to a reduction of energy expenditure and physical activity. It is unclear whether treatment with estrogen therapy increases physical activity level in postmenopausal women.

Methods
A total of 27,327 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative randomized double-blind trials of menopausal hormone therapy. Self-reported leisure-time physical activity at baseline, and years 1, 3, and 6 was quantified as metabolic equivalents (MET)-h/wk. In each trial, comparison between intervention and placebo groups of changes in physical activity levels from baseline to follow-up assessment was examined using linear regression models.

Results
In the CEE-alone trial, the increase in MET-h/wk was greater in the placebo group compared with the intervention group at years 3 (P = 0.002) and 6 (P < 0.001). Similar results were observed when analyses were restricted to women who maintained an adherence rate ≥80% during the trial or who were physically active at baseline. In the CEE + MPA trial, the primary analyses did not show significant differences between groups, but the increase of MET-h/wk was greater in the placebo group compared with the intervention group at year 3 (P = 0.004) among women with an adherence rate ≥80%.

Conclusions
The results from this clinical trial do not support the hypothesis that estrogen treatment increases physical activity among postmenopausal women.
Comparison of Breast Reconstruction Outcomes Using Oxychlorosene versus Triple Antibiotic Solution for Pocket Irrigation
Authors: Bamba Ravinder , Tran Phu C. , Mailey Brian A. , Lin Jenny , DeBrock William , Dawson Steven , Sinha Mithun , Hartman Brett C. , Hadad Ivan , Lester Mary E. , Hassanein Aladdin H. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Breast pocket irrigation with antiseptic solutions is performed to reduce contamination with breast implants. The optimal antiseptic irrigation solution and the efficacy of individual practices are unclear. Oxychlorosene sodium is frequently used at our institution. Oxychlorosene is bactericidal with a mechanism of action of oxidation and hypochlorination. The purpose of our study was to compare the outcomes of oxychlorosene sodium irrigation with triple antibiotic solution (TAS) in implant-based breast reconstruction.

Methods:
All patients who underwent implant-based reconstruction after mastectomy were reviewed. The primary predictive variable was type of solution used for pocket irrigation (TAS or oxychlorosene). Outcome variables included surgical site infection, device removal, and wound complications.

Results:
Between 2013 and 2018, 331 implant-based breast reconstructions were performed. Of these, 62% (n = 206) received oxychlorosene for surgical pocket irrigation (group I), and 38% (n = 125) received TAS (group II). Group I had an 11.7% (n = 24) 90-day surgical site infection rate, with 4.9% (n = 10) requiring oral antibiotics, 2.4% (n = 5) requiring intravenous antibiotics without device removal, and 4.4% (n = 9) requiring prosthetic removal. Group II had an 11.2% (n = 14) 90-day infection rate, with 5.6% (n = 7) requiring oral antibiotics, 2.4% (n = 3) requiring intravenous antibiotics without device removal, and 3.2% (n = 4) requiring removal (P = 0.90). When comparing the cost of oxychlorosene irrigation with TAS irrigation, oxychlorosene was less expensive.

Conclusions:
Oxychlorosene and TAS have similar surgical site infection rates in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Ease of preparation and cost make oxychlorosene a more favorable option for antibiotic irrigation in reconstructive breast surgery with prosthetic devices.
Prognostic Nutritional Index with Postoperative Complications and 2-year Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Yilin , Jiang Yu , Luo Yan , Lin Xisheng , Song Mi , Li Jia , Zhao Jingxin , Li Ming , Jiang Yuheng , Yin Pengbin , Tang Peifu , Lyu Houchen , Zhang Licheng 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been proposed as a useful prognostic tool in multiple populations. However, its prognostic value has not been fully evaluated in the hip fracture population. We aimed to assess the relationship between PNI and postoperative complications as well as 2-year all-cause mortality in the hip fracture population.

Materials and methods:
We included patients aged 45 or older who underwent surgery for hip fracture between 2000 and 2022. The baseline serum albumin and total lymphocyte count were used to calculate PNI with the following formula: 10 × serum albumin level (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (per mm3). Patients were classified into low, medium, and high categories based on tertiles of PNI (≤ 43.23, 43.23-47.35, and > 47.35, respectively). Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for postoperative compilations and the hazard ratio (HR) for mortality, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results:
Of 3,351 hip patients, 236 (7.04%) developed postoperative complications, and 305 (9.10%) died during the 2-year follow-up. Compared to the low-category patients, the medium- and high-category patients showed lower odds of postoperative complications (ORs 0.69, 95% CI, 0.48-0.98; and 0.61, 95% CI, 0.40-0.93, respectively), and lower hazard of 2-year mortality (HRs 0.66, 95% CI 0.49-0.88; and 0.61, 95% CI 0.42-0.88, respectively). These associations were robust across a series of analyses, including subgroup analyses and dose-response sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion:
PNI is an independent predictor of postoperative complications and 2-year all-cause mortality in hip fracture patients. PNI can be used to identify patients who may be at high risk of a poor prognosis.
Ultrasonographic Finding of Contralateral Achilles Tendon in Patients With Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Park Young Hwan , Kim Woon , Choi Jung Woo , Kim Hak Jun 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Although the incidence of contralateral Achilles tendon in patients with Achilles tendon rupture is higher than in the general population, there are no studies evaluating the status of the contralateral Achilles tendon. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of the contralateral Achilles tendon in patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture.

Design:
Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting:
University hospital foot and ankle clinic.

Participants:
Seventy-five patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture who met the inclusion criteria.

Intervention:
Ultrasonography performed by an orthopedic surgeon who had 8 years of experience in musculoskeletal ultrasonography.

Main Outcome Measures:
Ultrasonographic abnormalities of the contralateral Achilles tendon at the time of diagnosis of acute Achilles tendon rupture. Abnormalities were categorized as intratendinous lesions, peritendinous lesions, changes in retrocalcaneal bursa, and Achilles tendon thickening.

Results:
The maximal Achilles tendon thickness had a mean of 4.8 ± 1.0 mm. Nine patients (12%) showed ultrasonographic abnormalities on the contralateral Achilles tendon, and the presence of exertional pain was the sole associating variable with ultrasonographic abnormalities.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of ultrasonographic abnormalities in the contralateral Achilles tendon shown in this study was not higher than that reported in healthy or asymptomatic Achilles tendon. Therefore, routine evaluation of the contralateral Achilles tendon is unnecessary at the time of acute Achilles tendon rupture.
A Rare Case Report of Exertional Leg Pain
Authors: Dyrek Paige , Kuwabara Anne , Fredericson Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The accurate diagnosis of exertional leg pain in athletes is often delayed because of vague presenting symptoms and nonspecific physical examination findings. This case report outlines exertional leg pain in a runner caused by combined popliteal artery entrapment and soleal sling syndromes, 2 uncommon causes of exertional leg pain. This case report highlights the overlapping clinical presentation of these 2 diagnoses and the intricate differences in diagnostic workup and surgical approach to management.
Ease of Use and Usefulness of a Newly Developed Mobile App to Monitor Pain and Adherence Among Individuals With an Achilles Tendinopathy Engaged in a Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Lavigne Alexandre , Lamontagne Martin , Mares Christopher , Gagnon Dany H. 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Assess the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of a newly developed mobile app.

Design:
Descriptive survey study.

Setting:
Home-based rehabilitation program.

Participants:
A group of 31 adults with a symptomatic Achilles tendinopathy.

Intervention:
A mobile app was developed to support the deployment of the 12-week active exercise-based rehabilitation program and facilitate the monitoring of exercise adherence twice daily and the assessment of localized Achilles tendon pain using a numeric pain rating scale on a weekly basis.

Main Outcome Measures:
Results of an online survey encompassing 10 questions, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale (5 = strongly agree; 1 = strongly disagree).

Results:
Nearly all participants agreed that the mobile app was easy to install (96.4%) and easy to use (100%). Most participants confirmed that no technical issues were encountered (96.4%). The instructional videos were deemed helpful in properly performing the recommended exercises (85.7%), whereas the prompts sent via text message were found to promote adherence (88.9%). The design and appearance of the mobile app were appreciated by a lower percentage of participants (75%).

Conclusion:
Participants confirmed the ease of use and usefulness of the newly developed mobile app and demonstrated a positive attitude toward its use.