bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes and erectile dysfunction: The relationships with health literacy, treatment adherence, unrealistic optimism, and glycaemic control
Authors: Defeudis Giuseppe , Mazzilli Rossella , Scandurra Cristiano , Di Tommaso Alfonso Maria , Cimadomo Danilo , Strollo Rocky , Faggiano Antongiulio , Migliaccio Silvia , Napoli Nicola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between health literacy, unrealistic optimism, and adherence to glycometabolic disease management related to erectile dysfunction (ED) in male patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or preDM.Materials and MethodsThis prospective observational study enroled 167 consecutive patients with T2D and ED. All patients underwent the following examinations: (a) medical history collection; (b) Body Mass Index (BMI) determination; (c) hormonal and biochemical assessment; (d) duration of T2D, complications and treatment; (e) International Index of Erectile Function‐5 questionnaire to assess ED; and (f) validated questionnaire to evaluate health literacy, unrealistic optimism, and treatment adherence.ResultsOverall, mean age was 62.5 ± 9.4 years (range: 20–75) and mean BMI was 28.4 ± 4.8 kg/m2 (range: 18.4–46.6). The mean IIEF‐5 score was 15.4 ± 5.2 (range: 5–25). The majority of patients showed high health literacy. However, low health literacy was found in patients with higher IIEF‐5 scores and high BMI. Unrealistic optimism was low in most patients. Higher adherence to treatment was found in patients who reported regular physical activity, who followed a diet, and in patients with a family history of T2D. Regarding anti‐diabetic treatment, patients treated with insulin showed higher health literacy than patients not treated with other medications, whereas higher adherence was found in patients using SGLT2‐i.ConclusionsThis study highlighted the close relationship between metabolic compensation, BMI, ED, and psychological attitudes, including health literacy and unrealistic optimism.
Intravenous iron in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: an updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Graham Fraser J. , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Kalra Paul R. , Ford Ian , Bruzzese Dario , Cleland John G.F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsFor patients with heart failure (HF) and iron deficiency (ID), randomized trials suggest that intravenous (IV) iron reduces hospitalizations for heart failure (HHF), but uncertainty exists about the effects in subgroups and the impact on mortality. We conducted a meta‐analysis of randomized trials investigating the effect of IV iron on clinical outcomes in patients with HF.Methods and resultsWe identified randomized trials published between 1 January 2000 and 5 November 2022 investigating the effect of IV iron versus standard care/placebo in patients with HF and ID in any clinical setting, regardless of HF phenotype. Trials of oral iron or not in English were not included. The main outcomes of interest were a composite of HHF and cardiovascular death (CVD), on HHF alone and on cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality. Ten trials were identified with 3373 participants, of whom 1759 were assigned to IV iron. IV iron reduced the composite of recurrent HHF and CVD (rate ratio 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61–0.93; p < 0.01) and first HHF or CVD (odds ratio [OR] 0.72, 95% CI 0.53–0.99; p = 0.04). Effects on cardiovascular (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.70–1.05; p = 0.14) and all‐cause mortality (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.78–1.12; p = 0.47) were inconclusive. Results were similar in analyses confined to the first year of follow‐up, which was less disrupted by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Subgroup analyses found little evidence of heterogeneity for the effect on the primary endpoint, although patients with transferrin saturation <20% (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49–0.92) may have benefited more than those with values ≥20% (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.74–1.30) (heterogeneity p = 0.07).ConclusionIn patients with HF and ID, this meta‐analysis suggests that IV iron reduces the risk of HHF but whether this is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular or all‐cause mortality remains inconclusive.
Large‐scale single‐cell RNA sequencing atlases of human immune cells across lifespan: Possibilities and challenges
Authors: Webb Simone , Haniffa Muzlifah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle‐cell RNA sequencing technologies have successfully been leveraged for immunological insights into human prenatal, pediatric, and adult tissues. These single‐cell studies have led to breakthroughs in our understanding of stem, myeloid, and lymphoid cell function. Computational analysis of fetal hematopoietic tissues has uncovered trajectories for T‐ and B‐cell differentiation across multiple organ sites, and how these trajectories might be dysregulated in fetal and pediatric health and disease. As we enter the age of large‐scale, multiomic, and integrative single‐cell meta‐analysis, we assess the advances and challenges of large‐scale data generation, analysis, and reanalysis, and data dissemination for a broad range of scientific and clinical communities. We discuss Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable data sharing and unified cell ontology languages as strategic areas for progress of the field in the near future. We also reflect on the trend toward deployment of multiomic and spatial genomic platforms within single‐cell RNA sequencing projects, and the crucial role these data types will assume in the immediate future toward creation of comprehensive and rich single‐cell atlases. We demonstrate using our recent studies of human prenatal and adult hematopoietic tissues the importance of interdisciplinary and collaborative working in science to reveal biological insights in parallel with technological and computational innovations.
Tetrahydroxydiboron (Bis‐boric Acid): a Versatile Reagent for Borylation, Hydrogenation, Catalysis, Radical Reactions and H2 Generation
Authors: Zhao Qiuxia , Liu Xiang , Astruc Didier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDiboron compounds with a B−B bond, discovered with B2Cl4 a century ago, have been developed only since the turn of this century for catalyzed borylation reactions, mostly with the well‐know reagent bis(binacolato)diboron, (B2pin2). On the other hand, chemistry of tetrahydroxydiboron (THDB), also named bis‐boric acid, is relatively underdeveloped. In this review, the properties of THDB as a borylation, reductant (including transfer hydrogenation), catalyst, source of radicals and generator of H2 from water upon hydrolysis are summarized.
Negishi Cross‐Coupling in the Preparation of Benzyl Substituted Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Based CSF1R Inhibitors
Authors: Aarhus Thomas I. , Teksum Vilde , Unger Anke , Habenberger Peter , Wolf Alexander , Eickhoff Jan , Klebl Bert , Wolowczyk Camilla , Bjørkøy Geir , Sundby Eirik , Hoff Bård H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is a protein kinase emerging as an attractive target with clinical relevance in cancer, CNS and inflammatory diseases. Molecular docking experiments followed by synthesis and structure–activity relationship have been used to identify low molecular weight structures as promising hits for lead optimization. These molecules are synthesized from a 4‐chloro‐6‐iodo‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine building block using Negishi and Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions in high yields. Several inhibitors possessed excellent enzymatic potency, and the parent compound preferably binds to the autoinhibited form of CSF1R. Cellular and in vivo profiling indicate that further tuning of drug structure is needed prior to efficacy studies.
Active temperate glacial landsystem evolution in association with outwash head/depositional overdeepenings
Authors: Evans David J. A. , Ewertowski Marek W. , Tomczyk Aleksandra , Chandler Benjamin M. P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe response of temperate glaciers to rapid climate warming is reflected in the geomorphology (landsystem) resulting from snout recession. This paper develops a locally diverse process‐form model of active temperate glaciers through mapping and quantification of historical landscape change on the Fjallsjökull‐Hrútárjökull foreland, SE Iceland. Quantification of volumetric and areal changes on the foreland are based on time series of archival aerial images for the period 1945–1998, high‐resolution satellite imagery for 2014 and digital elevation models of differences derived from time series of UAV imagery for the years 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2022. Landscape change and glacier snout behaviour since 1945 highlights the importance of azonal and potentially intrazonal signatures in temperate glacial landsystems, particularly: (1) the development and collapse of partially supraglacial outwash fans to produce outwash heads fronting depositional overdeepenings; and (2) the emergence of ice‐cored eskers that record the evolution of englacial drainage networks operating over overdeepenings. Such landform assemblages are manifested as substantial ice‐cored/hummocky terrains, a characteristic of deglaciating forelands that is likely to be widely replicated wherever ice‐contact glacifluvial assemblages create outwash heads that act as depositional overdeepenings. Due to its significantly greater supraglacial debris cover, complete de‐icing of the Hrútárjökull snout in response to post‐1945 warming was delayed until around 2014. This constitutes a prime example of incremental stagnation, which in a rapidly warming climate has resulted in significant landscape change (land surface elevation collapse of 0.8 m a−1) over the last 8 years.
Role of Th17 cells, Treg cells, and Th17/Treg imbalance in immune homeostasis disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Ma Ru , Su Hongling , Jiao Keping , Liu Jian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, following strokes and cardiovascular diseases. Chronic lung inflammation is believed to play a role in the development of COPD. In addition, accumulating evidence shows that the immune system plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Significant advancements have been made in research on the pathogenesis of immune diseases and chronic inflammation in recent years, and T helper 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells have been found to play a crucial role in the autoimmune response. Th17 cells are a proinflammatory subpopulation that causes autoimmune disease and tissue damage. Treg cells, on the other hand, have a negative effect but can contribute to the occurrence of the same disease when their antagonism fails. This review mainly summarizes the biological characteristics of Th17 cells and Treg cells, their roles in chronic inflammatory diseases of COPD, and the role of the Th17/Treg ratio in the onset, development, and outcome of inflammatory disorders, as well as recent advancements in immunomodulatory treatment targeting Th17/Treg cells in COPD.
Influence of HIV and its treatment on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in women from a low‐ to middle‐income country
Authors: Imogie S. A. , Sebitloane H. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo establish a potential relationship between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and HIV infection.MethodsThis cross‐sectional observational study involving 300 women with HDP was undertaken from September 2018 to February 2019 in a regional hospital in Durban, South Africa, a setting with a background HIV prevalence of 45% among pregnant women. All women with new‐onset elevation of blood pressure after the 20th week of pregnancy were enrolled and, following informed consent, the relevant information was extracted from their files.ResultsOf the 300 women with HDP, the HIV prevalence was 30%, compared with the historical seroprevalence of 45% within the hospital (P = 0.028). For all categories of HDP, there were fewer primigravid women among women living with HIV (WLHIV), compared with those uninfected (30% vs 50.2%, respectively; P = 0.001).HDP developed later in gestation in WLHIV compared with uninfected women (32.6 weeks vs 34 weeks, respectively; P = 0.023), however, there were significant maternal complications of abruption and elevated liver enzymes among WLHIV (P = 0.02 and P = 0.014, respectively). Despite this, the perinatal outcomes were similar in both groups.ConclusionHIV or its treatment seems to have a protective effect in the development of HDP; however, the complications of HDP may be significant in WLHIV receiving treatment.
Walking or jogging during pregnancy increases the success rate of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rao Jiaming , Fan Dazhi , Lu Demei , Liu Yan , Wu Zhaoxia , He Jieyun , Liu Xinjuan , Peng BingJie , Guo Xiaoling , Liu Zhengping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveExercise during pregnancy has been proven to reduce the risk of cesarean delivery. However, few studies have examined the relationship between walking or jogging during pregnancy and the success rate of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC). This multicenter, retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the association between walking or jogging during pregnancy and the success rate of VBAC in women who underwent a trial of labor after cesarean delivery.MethodsThe study was conducted between January 2018 and December 2019 in Foshan, China. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed on demographic and obstetric data collected from the electronic record system.ResultsOf 1080 women included in the final analysis, 80.4% underwent VBAC. In the multivariable analysis, women who walked or jogged ≥200 min/week during pregnancy had a higher likelihood of successful VBAC than women who did not exercise, after adjusting for two sets of confounders: Model 1: Adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–2.85) and model 2: Adjusted OR, 1.83 (95% CI, 1.09–3.06).ConclusionsWalking or jogging ≥200 min/week during pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of cesarean delivery among women who undergo a trial of labor after cesarean delivery.
Effectiveness of a structured exercise intervention in gestational weight gain in pregnant women with overweight and obesity: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Bernardo Diana Salvador , Carvalho Carlos Baptista , Conde Monserrat , Mota Jorge Augusto , Santos Paula Clara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of exercise interventions during pregnancy in managing gestational weight gain (GWG), excessive GWG, gestational diabetes (GD), hypertensive disorders, 2‐h post–oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and birth weight in pregnant women with overweight/obesity (OW/OB).MethodsThe search strategy was conducted in five electronic databases, restricting to articles published within the past 10 years. Randomized controlled trials comparing exercise intervention with usual prenatal care in pregnant women with OW/OB were considered. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using version 2 of the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials and the quality of studies using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation classification. Continuous data were calculated as mean differences (MDs) and dichotomous data as risk ratios (RRs).ResultsSeven trials comprising 1648 pregnant women were included. Exercise interventions were associated with lower GWG (MD, −1.19 kg [95% confidence interval, CI, −1.79 to −0.60]) and lower incidence of GD (RR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.40–0.78]). When analyzing excessive GWG, 2‐h post‐OGTT, birth weight, and hypertensive disorders, there was no statistically significant difference between the exercise and usual care groups. The strength of evidence was considered moderate.ConclusionExercise interventions during pregnancy in women with OW/OB were shown to influence GWG and the incidence of GD.
Incidence and ultrasonographic characteristics of cesarean scar niches after uterine closure by double‐layer barbed suture: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Alessandri Franco , Centurioni Maria Grazia , Perrone Umberto , Evangelisti Giulio , Urso Claudia , Paratore Marco , Guida Elisabetta , Nappini Alice , Gustavino Claudio , Ferrero Simone , Barra Fabio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the ultrasonographic features of uterine scars and clinical symptoms after cesarean delivery (CD) using barbed and conventional smooth sutures.MethodsThis case–control study enrolled women who underwent primary CD at 37 weeks of pregnancy or later. The uterus was closed using either double‐layer unidirectional barbed suture or conventional double‐layer smooth suture. Ultrasound scans of the uterine scar and evaluations of menstrual patterns were performed at 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery.ResultsIn all, 102 patients underwent uterine closure with barbed suture, while 135 patients underwent smooth suture. At 6 months, patients in the barbed group had a lower incidence of uterine niches (20.2% vs 32.6%) that were also shallower in depth (P < 0.001). Lower incidence of niches was also observed in the barbed group at 12 and 24 months (P = 0.043 and 0.048, respectively). At these two follow‐up times, the smooth group had a higher number of patients reporting postmenstrual spotting (P < 0.05) and more postmenstrual spotting days per month (P < 0.050).ConclusionThe use of double‐layer barbed suture during CD was associated with a lower incidence of scar niches and a more favorable menstrual pattern compared with the use of smooth suture.
Rare and Common Variants in GALNT3 May Affect Bone Mass Independently of Phosphate Metabolism
Authors: Hassan Neelam , Gregson Celia L. , Tang Haotian , van der Kamp Marc , Leo Paul , McInerney-Leo Aideen M. , Zheng Jie , Brandi Maria Luisa , Tang Jonathan C. Y. , Fraser William , Stone Michael D. , Grundberg Elin ,   Anglo-Australasian Genetics Consortium, Brown Matthew A. , Duncan Emma L. , Tobias Jonathan H. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Anabolic treatment options for osteoporosis remain limited. One approach to discovering novel anabolic drug targets is to identify genetic causes of extreme high bone mass (HBM). We investigated a pedigree with unexplained HBM within the UK HBM study, a national cohort of probands with HBM and their relatives. Whole exome sequencing (WES) in a family with HBM identified a rare heterozygous missense variant (NM_004482.4:c.1657C &gt; T, p.Arg553Trp) in GALNT3, segregating appropriately. Interrogation of data from the UK HBM study and the Anglo-Australasian Osteoporosis Genetics Consortium (AOGC) revealed an unrelated individual with HBM with another rare heterozygous variant (NM_004482.4:c.831 T &gt; A, p.Asp277Glu) within the same gene. In silico protein modeling predicted that p.Arg553Trp would disrupt salt-bridge interactions, causing instability of GALNT3, and that p.Asp277Glu would disrupt manganese binding and consequently GALNT3 catalytic function. Bi-allelic loss-of-function GALNT3 mutations alter FGF23 metabolism, resulting in hyperphosphatemia and causing familial tumoral calcinosis (FTC). However, bone mineral density (BMD) in FTC cases, when reported, has been either normal or low. Common variants in the GALNT3 locus show genome-wide significant associations with lumbar, femoral neck, and total body BMD. However, no significant associations with BMD are observed at loci coding for FGF23, its receptor FGFR1, or coreceptor klotho. Mendelian randomization analysis, using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from primary human osteoblasts and genome-wide association studies data from UK Biobank, suggested increased expression of GALNT3 reduces total body, lumbar spine, and femoral neck BMD but has no effect on phosphate concentrations. In conclusion, rare heterozygous loss-of-function variants in GALNT3 may cause HBM without altering phosphate concentration. These findings suggest that GALNT3 may affect BMD through pathways other than FGF23 regulation, the identification of which may yield novel anabolic drug targets for osteoporosis. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Excited states of ortho‐nitrobenzaldehyde as a challenging case for single‐ and multi‐reference electronic structure theory
Authors: Vörös Dóra , Mai Sebastian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a large set of vertical excitation calculations for the ortho‐nitrobenzaldehyde (oNBA) molecule, which exhibits a very challenging excited‐state electronic structure like other nitroaromatic compounds. The single‐reference methods produce mostly consistent results up to about 5.5 eV. By contrast, the CAS second‐order perturbation theory (CASPT2) results depend sensitively on the employed parameters. At the CAS self‐consistent field level, the energies of the bright states are strongly overestimated while doubly excited states appear too low and mix with these states. This mixing hampers the CASPT2 step, leading to inconsistent results. Only by increasing the number of states in the state‐averaging step to about 40—to cover all bright states embedded in the double excitations—and employing extended multistate CASPT2 could CASPT2 results consistent with experiment be obtained. We assign the four bands in the molecule's spectrum: The weakest band at 3.7 eV arises from the states, the second one at 4.4 eV from the () state, the shoulder at 5.2 eV from the () state, and the maximum at 5.7 eV from the () states. We also highlight the importance of modern wave function analysis techniques in elucidating the absorption spectrum of challenging molecules.
A kinetic study of biotransformation from valencene to nootkatone in an oscillatory baffled reactor
Authors: Chilmeran Mohamed , Hodges Matthew , Ni Xiong‐Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we report our kinetic study of an oxidation reaction from valencene to nootkatone using enzyme in an oscillatory baffled reactor. The aims of this work are to elucidate the reaction mechanism and evaluate reaction kinetics. Towards these objectives, a full kinetic model using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood method was established and applied to the experimental data, allowing reactor schemes and orders to be confirmed and reaction rate constants to be extracted. Our full kinetic analysis suggests that most of the reversible reaction steps can be treated as irreversible, simplifying the overall reaction schemes. The effect of mass transfer on the kinetics was also investigated. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).