bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of reverse converters for the general RNS 3-moduli set {2k, 2n − 1, 2n + 1}
Authors: Patronik Piotr , Piestrak Stanisław J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new design method of the reverse (residue-to-binary) converter for the flexible 3-moduli residue number system (RNS) set$$\{ 2^k, 2^n-1, 2^n+1 \}$${2k,2n-1,2n+1}, wherekandnare a pair of arbitrary integers$$\ge 2$$≥2. The basic equation of the reverse converter is formulated in two alternative forms, each of which consists of two separate parts: one depending on input variables of the converter, and the other being a single constant. The constant can be either added inside the reverse converter or shifted out to the residue datapath channels, in most cases at no hardware cost or extra delay. From the set of basic functions, which are essentially different than those of the only two known general converters proposed for this moduli set, four versions of a converter can be designed for any pair ofkandn. Experimental results obtained using the commercial 65-nm low-power design kit and industrial synthesis tools for all dynamic ranges from 8 to 40 bits suggest that, compared to the state-of-the-art designs, at least one version of the newly proposed converters is superior w.r.t. delay, power consumption, and area, for all dynamic ranges considered. The savings for the best versions (these with constants moved to the datapath channels) are up to 12.7% for the area and from 2.5% to 14% (5.8 % on average) for the delay, while the power consumption is reduced up to 23.2% (5.6% on average).
Smartphone and Instagram use, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorders: investigating the associations using self-report and tracked data
Authors: Rozgonjuk Dmitri , Ignell Johanna , Mech Franziska , Rothermund Eva , Gündel Harald , Montag Christian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous research has linked smartphone and Instagram use to higher body dissatisfaction (BD) as well as eating disorder (ED) symptomatology. However, these studies have typically been limited to using self-report measures for technology use which, as shown by scientific literature, might not be reliable. In the present work, we combine self-reported assessments as well as tracked smartphone and Instagram use.

Methods
The effective sample comprised N = 119 women (34 with ED diagnosis history) who were queried about BD and ED symptomatology, and who provided the data about their smartphone and Instagram use duration for each day of the previous week.

Results
The study results show that women with an ED diagnosis history scored higher on both BD as well as ED scales. Although women with an ED diagnosis history had higher smartphone screen time, there were no statistically significant differences in Instagram screen time. Tracked smartphone use duration was positively correlated with both BD and ED symptomatology, but the role of Instagram use needs to be further elucidated.

Conclusions
The results of this study show that while BD and ED symptomatology are correlated with smartphone use, it may be that Instagram use is not the main contributor to that relationship.
Abnormal accumulation of extracellular vesicles in hippocampal dystrophic axons and regulation by the primary cilia in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Jang Jaemyung , Yeo Seungeun , Baek Soonbong , Jung Hyun Jin , Lee Mi Suk , Choi Seung Hee , Choe Youngshik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDystrophic neurites (DNs) are abnormal axons and dendrites that are swollen or deformed in various neuropathological conditions. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), DNs play a crucial role in impairing neuronal communication and function, and they may also contribute to the accumulation and spread of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain of AD patients. However, it is still a challenge to understand the DNs of specific neurons that are vulnerable to Aβ in the pathogenesis of AD. To shed light on the development of radiating DNs, we examined enriched dystrophic hippocampal axons in a mouse model of AD using a three-dimensional rendering of projecting neurons. We employed the anterograde spread of adeno-associated virus (AAV)1 and conducted proteomic analysis of synaptic compartments obtained from hippocampo-septal regions. Our findings revealed that DNs were formed due to synaptic loss at the axon terminals caused by the accumulation of extracellular vesicle (EV). Abnormal EV-mediated transport and exocytosis were identified in association with primary cilia, indicating their involvement in the accumulation of EVs at presynaptic terminals. To further address the regulation of DNs by primary cilia, we conducted knockdown of the Ift88 gene in hippocampal neurons, which impaired EV-mediated secretion of Aβ and promoted accumulation of axonal spheroids. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified the septal projecting hippocampal somatostatin neurons (SOM) as selectively vulnerable to Aβ with primary cilia dysfunction and vesicle accumulation. Our study suggests that DNs in AD are initiated by the ectopic accumulation of EVs at the neuronal axon terminals, which is affected by neuronal primary cilia.
Graphical abstract
Spatial pattern and influencing factors of land border cultural heritage in China
Authors: Zhang Shengrui , Chi Lei , Zhang Tongyan , Ju Hongrun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper provides an analysis of China’s land border cultural heritage, aiming to offer guidance for its protection and development. The study compiled a comprehensive database of heritage sites and analyzed their mathematical characteristics based on quantity, type, and quality. The spatial pattern of the cultural heritage was described using kernel density analysis, spatial variability, and spatial correlation, while the driving mechanism was measured based on Geo-Detector model. The findings revealed that the land border areas of China have a total of 1227 cultural heritage, comprising two main types and 18 subtypes. National cultural heritage accounted for 22.74%, with ancient city ruins being the largest type of cultural heritage. The Southwest and Northeast regions of China exhibited high-high clusters and low-low clusters, respectively. Moreover, the study identified history of administrative succession, evolution of historical and cultural, altitude, distance from the city, population density, minority population ratio, urbanization process, and per capita GDP as significant factors impacting the spatial pattern of land border cultural heritage in China. Based on these findings, the study suggests that the government should invest more in border cultural heritage, improve transportation infrastructure in border areas, ensure dynamic inheritance and protection of cultural heritage, and promote the joint development of different types of cultural heritage. The research results will provide data support and decision-making reference for the sustainable development of cultural heritage in land border areas, and can provide a new perspective for the management of cultural heritage in similar areas.
Role of dexmedetomidine in modifying immune paralysis in patients with septic shock: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Elayashy Mohamed , Elsayed Eman A. , Mukhtar Ahmed M. , Kasem Sahar , Elmetwally Sara A. , Habib Sara , Abdelfattah Walaa , Ghaith Doaa , Hussein Amr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune paralysis can be defined as a hypoinflammatory state associated with the incapacity of the immune system to release proinflammatory mediators despite the clearance of pathogens by antimicrobials. Persistent immune paralysis leads to failure to eradicate primary infections with a substantial increase in the risk of multiorgan dysfunction and mortality. The state of immune paralysis is caused mainly by the diminished ability of monocytes to release proinflammatory cytokines in response to endotoxin. This phenomenon is known as endotoxin tolerance. This study aimed to assess the role of dexmedetomidine in modifying immune paralysis in septic shock patients.

Methods
Twenty-four patients with septic shock were randomized into two groups of 12 patients. A continuous intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine started at 0.15 µg kg−1 hr−1 and adjusted by 0.15 µg kg−1 h−1 to a maximum of 0.75 µg kg−1 h−1 (10 ml h−1), while midazolam was started at 1 mg h−1 (2 mL hr−1) and adjusted by 1 mg h−1 to a maximum of 5 mg h−1 (10 mL h−1). All infusions were adjusted by increments of 2 mL/hr−1 to maintain blinding. Serum levels of CD42a+/CD14+, HLADR+/CD14+, CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were measured at baseline (T1), 12 h (T2), and 24 h (T3).

Results
Treatment with dexmedetomidine yielded no significant difference in CD42a+/CD14+, HLADR+/CD14, CD24b-MFI, HLADR-MFI, IL6 and TREM1 at all time points when compared with midazolam treatment. There was no significant difference in TLR levels between the two groups. Cardiac output in the dexmedetomidine group showed a significant decrease at 6, 12 and 24 h (P = 0.033, 0.021, and 0.005, respectively) compared with that in the midazolam group.

Conclusion
Our results indicated that dexmedetomidine did not affect CD42a+/CD14+ and HLA-DR+/CD14+ expression in septic patients. Furthermore, cytokine production and inflammatory biomarkers did not change with dexmedetomidine infusion.
Trial registration Clinical trial.gov registry (NCT03989609) on June 14, 2019, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.
Functional rehabilitation of the maxillary sinus after modified endoscopic sinus surgery for displaced dental implants
Authors: Sodnom-Ish Buyanbileg , Eo Mi Young , Lee Ju Young , Seo Mi Hyun , Kim Soung Min 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dental implants may become displaced into the maxillary sinus due to insufficient primary stability, changes in nasal air pressure, or surrounding bone resorption and should be removed as soon as possible. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the modified endoscopic sinus surgery (MESS) approach for removal of displaced dental implants.

Methods
From September 2010 to November 2021, we studied 15 cases with displaced implants in the maxillary sinus. The patient characteristics, medical history, clinical and imaging results, and post-removal outcomes were retrospectively assessed.

Results
The symptoms included sinusitis (100%), pain (26.6%), postnasal drip (6.6%), nasal obstruction (26.6%), and oroantral communication (26.6%). Two cases were managed through the crestal approach (13.3%), while two cases were treated with the Caldwell–Luc procedure (13.3%). One case was addressed using functional endoscopic sinus surgery (6.7%), while 10 cases were managed with the MESS approach (66.7%). MESS allows functional rehabilitation of mucociliary clearance by the cilia in the sinus membrane. Implant displacement into the maxillary sinus can be classified as early, late, or delayed displacement.

Conclusions
MESS is a reliable treatment option that can identify migrated dental implants in any part of the sinus with endoscopic assistance for functional rehabilitation of the maxillary sinus without postoperative sequelae.
Laparoscopic intervention for late-onset perforating peritonitis due to a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report and literature review
Authors: Morinaga Takeshi , Nakahara Osamu , Tsuji Akira , Kuramoto Kunitaka , Iizaka Masayoshi , Hayashida Shintaro , Ohya Yuki , Hitoshi Yasuyuki , Inomata Yukihiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is commonly performed to treat hydrocephalus and complications are not uncommon. We report here a case of generalized peritonitis caused by migration of the abdominal end of a VP shunt catheter into the bowel after multiple VP shunt revisions over 30 years. Laparoscopic surgery was successfully performed for the peritonitis and the VP shunt system subsequently reconstructed without complications.

Case presentation
The patient was a 49-year-old woman who had a VP shunt placed for obstructive hydrocephalus at the age of 13 years. The shunt system required seven revisions because of various malfunctions, including two occasions where a nonfunctioning shunt catheter was left inside the abdomen for safety reasons. Approximately 1 year after the seventh revision, she developed abdominal pain and fever. Abdominal computed tomography suggested that the shunt catheter had migrated into the small intestine and caused an intra-abdominal abscess. We performed emergency exploratory laparoscopy, which revealed perforation of the small intestine by the tip of a nonfunctioning shunt catheter. A growing abscess was found around the perforated intestinal wall, causing bacterial ascites. After the functioning shunt catheter was pulled out from the abdomen, the nonfunctioning catheter that had perforated the intestinal wall was removed. The functioning shunt catheter was then connected to the cerebrospinal fluid drainage system to manage her severe hydrocephalus. Finally, the contaminated abdominal cavity was copiously irrigated with saline solution and a peritoneal drain placed. Twenty-five days later, she underwent another VP shunt surgery in which a VP shunt catheter was placed. She was discharged 45 days after the surgery for peritonitis without complications.

Conclusion
In cases of peritonitis with a history of VP shunt placement, perforation by a VP shunt catheter is possible, though rare. A delay in treatment could lead to a potentially fatal complication, such as septic shock. Laparoscopic surgery enabled a faster, more hygienic, and minimally invasive operation for managing this rare but serious complication of VP shunt placement.
Transcatheter aortic valve-in-surgical aortic valve for a patient with repeated healed endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Takei Yusuke , Suzuki Ryujiro , Shibasaki Ikuko , Tokura Michiaki , Nasuno Takahisa , Yazawa Hiroko , Wada Mayo , Saito Fumiya , Toyoda Shigeru , Fukuda Hirotugu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Transcatheter valve replacement is contraindicated in patients with active infective endocarditis. However, few reports suggest that it could be beneficial for high-risk surgical patients with healed infective endocarditis. Here, we report a case of a surgical transcatheter aortic valve in a patient with healed repeated prosthetic valve endocarditis using a stentless valve.

Case presentation
A 79-year-old female who underwent the Bentall procedure using a stentless valve and coronary artery bypass grafting for annuloaortic ectasia 22 years ago was hospitalized for stage II bioprosthetic valve failure. The patient had a history of prosthetic valve endocarditis three times: the first and second prosthetic valve endocarditis occurred 15 years ago, and the third prosthetic valve endocarditis occurred 3 years ago. The causative organisms were Campylobacter fetus and Enterococcus faecalis. With appropriate antibiotic therapy, the lesion was localized and healed completely without valve destruction; however, the patient developed rapid aortic regurgitation. Based on a review of the patient’s history of prosthetic valve endocarditis, the absence of signs of infection, and clinical findings of transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomography, a diagnosis of structural valve deterioration with healed infective endocarditis was made. Subsequently, a transcatheter aortic valve in a surgical aortic valve using a balloon-expandable type was performed, because the patient had a high surgical risk of 12.7%. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful. At the 1-year follow-up, there were no signs of infection or valve abnormalities.

Conclusions
Transcatheter valve replacement can be a treatment option for high-risk surgical patients with healed limited lesions in infective endocarditis.
Authorship and citation patterns of highly cited biomedical researchers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Perneger Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Scientific productivity is often evaluated by means of cumulative citation metrics. Different metrics produce different incentives. The H-index assigns full credit from a citation to each coauthor, and thus may encourage multiple collaborations in mid-list author roles. In contrast, the Hm-index assigns only a fraction 1/k of citation credit to each of k coauthors of an article, and thus may encourage research done by smaller teams, and in first or last author roles. Whether H and Hm indices are influenced by different authorship patterns has not been examined.

Methods
Using a publicly available Scopus database, I examined associations between the numbers of research articles published as single, first, mid-list, or last author between 1990 and 2019, and the H-index and the Hm-index, among 18,231 leading researchers in the health sciences.

Results
Adjusting for career duration and other article types, the H-index was negatively associated with the number of single author articles (partial Pearson r -0.06) and first author articles (-0.08), but positively associated with the number of mid-list (0.64) and last author articles (0.21). In contrast, all associations were positive for the Hm-index (0.04 for single author articles, 0.18 for first author articles, 0.24 for mid-list articles, and 0.46 for last author articles).

Conclusion
The H-index and the Hm-index do not reflect the same authorship patterns: the full-credit H-index is predominantly associated with mid-list authorship, whereas the partial-credit Hm-index is driven by more balanced publication patterns, and is most strongly associated with last-author articles. Since performance metrics may act as incentives, the selection of a citation metric should receive careful consideration.
The association of compassionate care and coping with disease among patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Nikpey Shayan , Ghafourifard Mansour , Ghahramanian Akram 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Compassionate care is one of the concepts that is important to the care of patients with chronic diseases, especially for patients undergoing hemodialysis who deal with all kinds of problems and sufferings. This study aimed to measure the level of compassionate care from the perspective of hemodialysis patients and to assess the relationship between compassionate care and coping with the disease.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 patients undergoing hemodialysis in two hemodialysis centers. The participants were selected by random sampling method. Data were collected by the Schwartz Center Compassionate Care Scale (SCCCS) and the Brief COPE scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (version 26) software using ANOVA, t test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results
The mean score of compassionate care from the perspective of patients on hemodialysis was 101.20 ± 17.47 out of 120. Among coping strategies, problem-focused strategies which are considered efficient were used more than other emotional-focused and avoidance coping strategies. Moreover, there was a significant and positive relationship of compassionate care with problem-focused and emotional-focused strategies (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
According to the results, providing compassionate care for patients on hemodialysis could help them to cope with their disease. Moreover, the results showed that providing compassionate care is associated with positive coping strategies. Therefore, it is suggested for healthcare working in the hemodialysis units provide high-quality compassionate care and help the patients and their families to cope with their chronic diseases.
Understanding the health risks and emerging concerns associated with the use of long-term proton pump inhibitors
Authors: Morris Nathan , Nighot Meghali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most efficacious and common medications for gastric acid suppression. However, PPIs continue to perpetuate safety concerns due to the availability as an over-the-counter medication. This uncontrolled use of PPIs has recently been shown to be associated with the increased health risks.

Main body of the abstract
The inhibition of gastric acid production by irreversibly binding to and inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system can cause structural and physiologic changes in the GI microbiome, GI physiology, and pH. With the recent guideline updates from American Gastroenterological Association regarding deprescription of PPIs, this review focuses on the complications of long-term use of PPIs on various systems, gut microbiome, intestinal barrier and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Short conclusion
If PPI use in IBD patients is associated with increased risk of other adverse outcomes, considering the PPI-associated mineral, electrolyte and microbial alterations also needs rigorous evaluation.
Neonatal anthropometric measurements and its relation to maternal anthropometry and demographics
Authors: Tosson Angie M. S. , Sherif Islam K. , Sharaf Marwa Fouad , Elmazzahy Esraa Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Abtsract
Background
Healthy pregnancy and maternal health status influence fetal growth. Studies linking maternal and neonatal anthropometry showed confounding results.

Objectives
To study the relationship between maternal and neonatal anthropometry.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 491 full-term healthy newborns born to healthy mothers with uncomplicated pregnancy. Neonatal and maternal anthropometric measurements as well as detailed perinatal history were recorded.

Results
Third trimester weight, body mass index (BMI), and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) were positively related to neonatal birth weight (BW), length and head circumference (HC) (p < 0.001 for all of them except for MUAC with length, p = 0.021). Maternal education was inversely related to BW (p = 0.031) and positively related to HC (p = 0.001). Consanguinity had a positive relation to HC (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Maternal 3rd trimester weight, MUAC, BMI, education, and consanguinity can be related to different neonatal anthropometric measurements.
Relation between morphological features of initial breast MRI and breast cancer molecular subtypes
Authors: Temerik Safaa Mohammed , Elwahab Saeda Mohamed Abd , Wahman Mohammed Mostafa , Ahmed Mohammed Youssef , Elwanis Mostafa Elsayed Abd 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Because different gene receptors might cause each case of breast cancer, the disease is classified as a heterogeneous form because it can be subdivided into molecular subtypes. These molecular subtypes are different in disease manifestation, therapeutic response, and prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has many applications in breast cancer's initial diagnosis and assessment of treatment response. The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not there is a correlation between specific morphological aspects of breast MRI in breast cancer and specific breast cancer subtypes and their impact on treatment decisions.

Results
There was an insignificant difference between different mass shapes and different molecular subtypes (P > 0.05). One hundred percent of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) were rounded. Molecular subtypes and the spiculated mass border diverged significantly statistically (P = 0.023). The percentage of the hormonal receptor (HR)-positive breast cancers with a spiculated border (80%) was greater than TNBC (0%) and distinctively different (P = 0.044). Surgical alternatives were observed to correlate significantly with the MRI mass border type (P = 0.030). There was an insignificant difference between molecular subtypes and tumor size (P = 0.602), lymph nodes (P = 0.283), multicentricity (P = 0.386), and curve type (P = 0.107).

Conclusions
MRI breast imaging has an important role in diagnostic and prognostic settings. The morphological results of MRI can be a helpful tool in distinguishing between the various subtypes of breast cancer. There was a statistically significant difference between different molecular subtypes and the spiculated mass border (P = 0.023). There was a statistically significant difference between the type of breast cancer surgery and the mass border (P = 0.030).