bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spillovers impact of institutional and economic factors in energy intensity
Authors: Alvarado Rafael , Ortiz Cristian , Cuesta Lizeth , Tillaguango Brayan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrevious literature does not incorporate the spillover effects of institutional factors in the analysis of the determinants of energy intensity. This research aims to empirically examine the impact of institutional and economic factors on energy intensity using spatial panel data models. Specifically, the institutional factors included are civil liberties, political corruption, and women's political empowerment. We find robust evidence that there are spillover effects from regressors on the energy intensity of countries. We find that the index of civil liberties, political corruption, and women's political empowerment reduce energy intensity. In addition, we find robust evidence that real output per capita and oil price reduce energy intensity, while manufacturing industry increase it. Our results indicate that manufacturing activity requires greater attention from policymakers and academics to mitigate the harmful aspects of energy intensity. Likewise, our results constitute a new look at the approach to mechanisms to reduce energy intensity to achieve sustainable economic development consistent with Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 12.
Structural assessment of prestressed beams with natural corrosion
Authors: Coronelli Dario , Mircea Calin , Rogers Rhys , Rosati Gianpaolo , Consiglio Andrea Nino 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn experimental campaign carried out on prestressed bridge beams corroded in a marine environment is analyzed in order to understand the failure modes related to the deterioration phenomena and setup models for capacity assessment. Three main failures modes were identified: shear in the web, shear failure in corroded zones with prestress loss and flexural failure for corroded strands in tension; this last mode becomes dominant for increasing corrosion. A truss model was used for flexure and shear resistance, considering the presence of both bottom pretensioned strands breaks and a draped post‐tensioned tendon cuts. The development of new anchorage at the sides of the damaged zones of the strands was modeled. Corrosion effects are modeled reducing the reinforcement cross‐section and bond, and modifying the prestressing distribution and the truss angle for shear. The accuracy of the model predictions relies on the corroded cross section loss input. In the light of the comparison of test and models results a methodology setup in the literature is here extended with scenarios considering higher levels of corrosion damage.
One in, one out: Generic circumscription within subtribe Manilkarinae (Sapotaceae)
Authors: Randriarisoa Aina , Naciri Yamama , Armstrong Kate , Boluda Carlos Galan , Dafreville Stephanie , Pouchon Charles , Gautier Laurent 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrevious phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that the Manilkarinae are a monophyletic subtribe if Northia is excluded. The subtribe consists of four genera: Faucherea, Labourdonnaisia, Labramia and Manilkara. However, the same phylogenetic studies also raised taxonomic issues concerning unclear generic delimitations and unresolved relationships. The current study's aims are: to resolve these taxonomic issues using a molecular phylogeny based on hundreds of nuclear markers sequenced from a representative sampling of taxa across the four genera; to find relevant morphological characters allowing the distinction of the clades retrieved with the phylogeny; and finally to understand the evolutionary history of the subtribe by conducting a divergence time estimation and ancestral state reconstructions. Our phylogeny shows a well‐resolved backbone with four main lineages: the Labramia clade, the main clade of Manilkara, a clade in which all species of Labourdonnaisia and Faucherea are mixed, and a clade of three Pacific Manilkara species. The main clade of Manilkara is retrieved as sister to Labramia, and the Labourdonnaisia‐Faucherea clade is clearly assessed as sister to the three Pacific Manilkara species. As a consequence, Faucherea is synonymized with Labourdonnaisia, and the three Pacific Manilkara are considered to be a separate genus, for which the name Abebaia is resurrected. We provide emended descriptions for Labourdonnaisia and Abebaia as well as the necessary new combinations. The ancestral state reconstruction of flower characters shows that ancestral Manilkarinae were characterized by a hexamerous corolla, well‐developed dorsal appendages and staminodes, and a pubescent ovary. These character states have been retained in the main Manilkara clade, but surprisingly also in Abebaia, which appears as a cryptic genus. The lack of dorsal appendages and the reduction of staminodes observed in Labourdonnaisia appeared after the split from Abebaia. The increase in corolla merism observed mainly in the Mascarene Labourdonnaisia, which was used to separate it from Faucherea, appears to be a derived state, which evolved separately in a few species during the radiation of Labourdonnaisia on Madagascar and the Mascarenes. The glabrous ovary state observed in Labramia also constitutes a derived synapomorphic state in the genus.
microRNAs‐based diagnostic and therapeutic applications in liver fibrosis
Authors: Zhao Xingtao , Xue Xinyan , Cui Zhifu , Kwame Amevor Felix , Wan Yan , Fu Ke , Wang Cheng , Peng Cheng , Li Yunxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a process of over‐extracellular matrix (ECM) aggregation and angiogenesis, which develops into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With the increasing pressure of liver fibrosis, new therapeutics to cure this disease requires much attention. Exosome‐cargoed microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging approaches in the precision of the liver fibrotic paradigm. In this review, we outlined the different types of hepatic cells derived miRNAs that drive intra‐/extra‐cellular interactive communication in liver fibrosis with different physiological and pathological processes. Specifically, we highlighted the possible mechanism of liver fibrosis pathogenesis associated with immune response and angiogenesis. In addition, potential clinical biomarkers and different stem cell transplant‐derived miRNAs‐based therapeutic strategies in liver fibrosis were summarized in this review. miRNAs‐based approaches might help researchers devise new candidates for the cell‐free treatment of liver fibrosis.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
First principle study of gravitational pressure and thermodynamics of FRW universe
Authors: Abdusattar Haximjan , Kong Shi-Bei , You Wen-Long , Zhang Hongsheng , Hu Ya-Peng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We make a first principle study of gravitational pressure in cosmic thermo- dynamics. The pressure is directly derived from the unified first law, in fact the Einstein field equation in spherically symmetric spacetime. By using this pressure, we obtain the thermodynamics for the FRW universe, especially presenting the gravitational equation of state for the FRW spacetime itself, i.e. P = P (RA, T) for the first time. Furthermore, we study the Joule-Thomson expansion as an application of the thermodynamic equation of state to find the cooling-heating property of the FRW universe. We demonstrate that there is an inversion temperature for a FRW universe if its enthalpy ℋ is negative. These investigations shed insights on the evolution of our universe in view of thermodynamics.
Sexual dysfunction therapeutic approaches in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
Authors: Giannopapas Vasileios , Kitsos Dimitrios , Tsogka Anthi , Tzartos John S. , Paraskevas Georgios , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Giannopoulos Sotirios , Bakalidou Daphne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The most common clinical manifestations of MS are spasticity, pain, vesico-urethral disorders, cognitive impairments, chronic fatigue and sexual dysfunction. This review aims to explore the possible therapeutic options for managing sexual dysfunction in people with MS (PwMS).

Method
A thorough search of the PubMed Medline database was performed. Records were limited to clinical studies published between 01/01/2010 up to 01/01/2022. The results were screened by the authors in pairs.

Results
The search identified 36 records. After screening, 9 records met the inclusion–exclusion criteria and were assessed. The pharmacological approaches investigated the effectiveness of sildenafil, tadalafil and onabotulinumtoxinA. Of the interventional studies the non-pharmacological investigated, the effectiveness of aquatic exercises, the application of pelvic floor exercises,the combination of pelvic floor exercises and mindfulness technique, the combination of pelvic floor exercises and electro muscular stimulation with electromyograph biofeedback, the application of yoga techniques and the efficacy of assistive devices like the clitoral vacuum suction device and the vibration device.

Conclusion
The management of sexual dysfunction in PwMS needs to be further investigated. A team of healthcare professionals should be involved in the management of SD in order to address not only the primary (MS-related) SD symptoms but the secondary and tertiary as well. The main limitations that were identified in the existing literature were related to MS disease features, sample characteristics and evaluation tools and batteries.
Intergenerational mobility measurement with latent transition matrices
Authors: Bavaro Michele , Tullio Federico 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose a multivariate approach for the estimation of intergenerational transition matrices. Our methodology is grounded on the assumption that individuals’ social status is unobservable and must be estimated. In this framework, parents and offspring are clustered on the basis of the observed levels of income and occupational categories, thus avoiding any discretionary rule in the definition of class boundaries. The resulting transition matrix is a function of the posterior probabilities of parents and young adults of belonging to each class. Estimation is carried out via maximum likelihood by means of an expectation-maximization algorithm. We illustrate the proposed method using National Longitudinal Survey Data from the United States in the period 1978-2006.
Factors associated with successful reintegration for male offenders: a systematic narrative review with implicit causal model
Authors: Mathlin Georgina , Freestone Mark , Jones Hannah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review explored factors associated with successful reintegration into the community for male offenders and investigated which factors may be causally related to reintegration.MethodsDatabase searches were conducted in November 2021; a narrative synthesis and associated causal model with directed acyclic graph (DAG) was used to analyse the factors of reintegration.ResultsThirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Risk-Need-Responsivity–based interventions had the strongest evidence for reducing post-release offending. Fourteen good-quality studies met the inclusion criteria. The DAG shows six exposure variables (prison visits, witnessing victimisation, recovery perception, risk assessment, in-prison treatment, and pre-prison health) which link to several post-release outcomes (criminal justice outcomes, drug use, mental health, housing, and reintegration barriers) and confounding variables (demographics, offending history, prior reintegration barriers, substance misuse and attitudes).ConclusionsThe review identified factors that may be causally related to reintegration for male offenders and warrant further empirical investigation.
A comparison between similarity matrices for principal component analysis to assess population stratification in sequenced genetic data sets
Authors: Lee Sanghun , Hahn Georg , Hecker Julian , Lutz Sharon M , Mullin Kristina ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), Hide Winston , Bertram Lars , DeMeo Dawn L , Tanzi Rudolph E , Lange Christoph , Prokopenko Dmitry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Genetic similarity matrices are commonly used to assess population substructure (PS) in genetic studies. Through simulation studies and by the application to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data, we evaluate the performance of three genetic similarity matrices: the unweighted and weighted Jaccard similarity matrices and the genetic relationship matrix. We describe different scenarios that can create numerical pitfalls and lead to incorrect conclusions in some instances. We consider scenarios in which PS is assessed based on loci that are located across the genome (‘globally’) and based on loci from a specific genomic region (‘locally’). We also compare scenarios in which PS is evaluated based on loci from different minor allele frequency bins: common (&gt;5%), low-frequency (5–0.5%) and rare (&lt;0.5%) single-nucleotide variations (SNVs). Overall, we observe that all approaches provide the best clustering performance when computed based on rare SNVs. The performance of the similarity matrices is very similar for common and low-frequency variants, but for rare variants, the unweighted Jaccard matrix provides preferable clustering features. Based on visual inspection and in terms of standard clustering metrics, its clusters are the densest and the best separated in the principal component analysis of variants with rare SNVs compared with the other methods and different allele frequency cutoffs. In an application, we assessed the role of rare variants on local and global PS, using WGS data from multiethnic Alzheimer’s disease data sets and European or East Asian populations from the 1000 Genome Project.
Removing Watermarks For Image Processing Networks Via Referenced Subspace Attention
Authors: Xue Yuliang , Zhu Yuhao , Zhu Zhiying , Li Sheng , Qian Zhenxing , Zhang Xinpeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Deep neural network model extraction attack is the process of retraining a surrogate model based on the outputs of a target model with a given set of inputs. Such attacks are hard to defend for the sake of model owners’ interest. Recently, some work propose model watermarking scheme for image processing networks, which is able to prove the intellectual property of deep models even after the model extraction attack. This scheme makes sure that, once the target model (an image processing network) is watermarked, we can extract the watermark from the output of the surrogate model. In this paper, we propose a new model extraction attack scheme to fight against the latest method. Instead of directly using the output images of a target model, we propose to use their reconstructed versions for model retraining, where an asymmetrical UNet is proposed for image reconstruction. To thoroughly remove the watermarking traces, we propose and incorporate a referenced subspace attention module in the asymmetrical UNet, which removes the watermark by projecting the outputs of the target model into the subspaces of the reference image. Various experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our attack.
Wing morphology is related to niche specialization and interaction networks in stenodermatine bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
Authors: García-Herrera Leidy Viviana , Ramírez-Fráncel Leidy Azucena , Guevara Giovany , Lim Burton K , Losada-Prado Sergio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPlant–animal interactions constitute some of the most important ecological processes for the maintenance of tropical forests. Bats are the only group of mammals capable of true flight and have been recognized as important dispersers of pioneer and secondary successional plant species. Although progress has been made in the study of Neotropical bats, morphological variation of the wing and its influence on niche separation between species is unknown. We evaluated relationships among habitat structures of selected Colombian tropical dry forest patches, the diet through interaction networks, and wing morphology of 11 species of bats in the Stenodermatinae subfamily (297 individuals) using geometric morphometry in a phylogenetic context. The results indicate that the phylogenetic signal for wing size is greater than for wing shape, thus providing some evidence for evolutionary convergence. Wing shape variation was associated primarily with the distal anatomical tip of the third finger and the joint between the humerus and the radius and ulna. Species with wide, short wings, as in the genus Artibeus had generalist diets and less nested positions within the interaction networks. In contrast, species with elongated and pointed wings, such as Sturnira and Platyrrhinus, had specialized diets and more nested positions within the interaction networks. We argue that wing shape variation may play an important role as a source of interspecific variation leading to food specialization within tropical bat communities.
A rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism—Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome
Authors: Ramzan Raazia , Khan Naveed Ali , Khalique Abdul , Aziz Munira Abdul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPersistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS) is a rare disorder of defective sexual development in males. It is characterized by aberrant synthesis or inadequate action of Mullerian inhibiting factor resulting in derivatives of Mullerian duct, i.e. uterus, fallopian tube and upper vagina, to persist in a phenotypic male with 46XY karyotype. Here, we report a 19-year-old male with bilateral undescended testes. Further evaluation revealed that the patient had both his testes placed intra-abdominally along with a rudimentary uterus.
Linear active disturbance rejection control of heavy-haul train operation based on an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system model
Authors: Fu Yating , Rao Wenxuan , Yang Hui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The heavy-haul train (HHT) has large capacity and high efficiency, which represents the level of freight and makes the amelioration of control performance a trend in various countries. Improving the model reliability and increasing the anti-disturbance ability of the operation controller are two main ways to improve the operation control accuracy of HHTs. Herein, to describe the large nonlinear system more precisely, an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS) is introduced to obtain a dynamic model. Then, a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) is designed to achieve precise operational control. In addition, the ‘bandwidth method’ is combined with the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) to solve the difficulty of controller parameters adjustment. Afterwards, the stability analysis of the closed-loop control system is given. The simulation experiments are conducted based on data collected from HXD1 locomotives driven by excellent drivers. Results show that the speed tracking error is no more than 0.5 km/h, and demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the operational performance of HHTs.
Phylodynamics and migration data help describe HIV transmission dynamics in internally displaced people who inject drugs in Ukraine
Authors: Kovalenko Ganna , Yakovleva Anna , Smyrnov Pavlo , Redlinger Matthew , Tymets Olga , Korobchuk Anna , Kolodiazieva Anna , Podolina Anna , Cherniavska Svitlana , Skaathun Britt , Smith Laramie R. , Strathdee Steffanie A. , Wertheim Joel O. , Friedman Samuel R. , Bortz Eric , Goodfellow Ian , Meredith Luke , Vasylyeva Tetyana I. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTInternally-displaced persons are often excluded from HIV molecular epidemiology surveillance due to structural, behavioral, and social barriers in access to treatment. We test a novel field-based molecular epidemiology framework to study HIV transmission dynamics in a hard-to-reach and highly-stigmatized group, internally-displaced people who inject drugs (IDPWID). We inform the framework by Nanopore generated HIVpolsequences and IDPWID migration history. In June-September 2020, we recruited 164 IDPWID in Odesa, Ukraine, and obtained 34 HIV sequences from HIV-infected participants. We aligned them to publicly-available sequences (N=359) from Odesa and IDPWID regions of origin and identified 7 phylogenetic clusters with at least 1 IDPWID. Using times to the most recent common ancestors of the identified clusters and times of IDPWID relocation to Odesa, we infer potential post-displacement transmission window when infections likely to happen to be between 10 and 21 months, not exceeding 4 years. Phylogeographic analysis of the sequence data show that local people in Odesa disproportionally transmit HIV to the IDPWID community. Rapid transmissions post-displacement in the IDPWID community might be associated with slow progression along the HIV continuum of care: only 63% of IDPWID were aware of their status, 40% of those were in antiviral treatment, and 43% of those were virally suppressed. Such HIV molecular epidemiology investigations are feasible in transient and hard-to-reach communities and can help indicate best times for HIV preventive interventions. Our findings highlight the need to rapidly integrate Ukrainian IDPWID into prevention and treatment services following the dramatic escalation of the war in 2022.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAs human displacement is on the rise globally, it is crucial to develop ways in which infectious disease transmission can be monitored in displaced populations. We tested a new molecular epidemiology framework that relies on molecular epidemiology methods and portable HIV sequencing from samples collected from a hard-to-reach population of internally-displaced people who inject drugs (IDPWID). We show that by phylogenetically identifying potential HIV transmission clusters, estimating times of the clusters’ origin, and referencing these times against the time of IDPWID’s arrival to a new region, we can estimate an approximate window during an IDPWID’s displacement journey when HIV transmissions are likely to happen. Further analysis indicated that HIV is primarily transmitted from local populations to IDPWID.