bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light transmittance in human atrial tissue and transthoracic illumination in rats support translatability of optogenetic cardioversion of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nyns Emile C. A. , Portero Vincent , Deng Shanliang , Jin Tianyi , Harlaar Niels , Bart Cindy I. , van Brakel Thomas J. , Palmen Meindert , Hjortnaes Jesper , Ramkisoensing Arti A. , Zhang Guo Qi , Poelma René H. , Ördög Balázs , de Vries Antoine A. F. , Pijnappels Daniël A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOptogenetics could offer a solution to the current lack of an ambulatory method for the rapid automated cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF), but key translational aspects remain to be studied.ObjectiveTo investigate whether optogenetic cardioversion of AF is effective in the aged heart and whether sufficient light penetrates the human atrial wall.MethodsAtria of adult and aged rats were optogenetically modified to express light‐gated ion channels (i.e., red‐activatable channelrhodopsin), followed by AF induction and atrial illumination to determine the effectivity of optogenetic cardioversion. The irradiance level was determined by light transmittance measurements on human atrial tissue.ResultsAF could be effectively terminated in the remodeled atria of aged rats (97%, n = 6). Subsequently, ex vivo experiments using human atrial auricles demonstrated that 565‐nm light pulses at an intensity of 25 mW/mm2 achieved the complete penetration of the atrial wall. Applying such irradiation onto the chest of adult rats resulted in transthoracic atrial illumination as evidenced by the optogenetic cardioversion of AF (90%, n = 4).ConclusionTransthoracic optogenetic cardioversion of AF is effective in the aged rat heart using irradiation levels compatible with human atrial transmural light penetration.
Expression of Epsin3 and its interaction with Notch signalling in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Halah , Paterson Ian , Aziz Sadat A. , Cremona Ottavio , Robinson Max , Carrozzo Marco , Valentine Ruth A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost oral squamous cell carcinoma patients present with late‐stage disease. Early detection of the disease is considered to be the most effective way of improving patient outcomes. Several biomarkers have been identified as indicators of oral cancer development and progression; however, none have been translated into clinical practice. In this study, we have investigated the role of Epsin3, an endocytic adaptor protein, and Notch1, a transmembrane signalling protein, in oral carcinogenesis with a view to explore their potential as biomarkers.MethodsOral cancer cell lines and a normal oral keratinocyte cell line were used together with tissue samples of normal oral mucosa (n = 21), oral epithelial dysplasia (n = 74) and early stage (Stages I and II) oral squamous cell carcinoma (n = 31). Immunocytochemical staining, immunoblotting and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to assess protein as well as gene expression levels.ResultsThe expression levels of Epsin3 and Notch1 mRNA and protein are variable across different oral squamous cell carcinoma derived cell lines. Epsin3 was upregulated in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with normal epithelium. Overexpression of Epsin3 resulted in a significant reduction of Notch1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Notch1 was generally downregulated in the dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma samples.ConclusionEpsin3 is upregulated in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma and has the potential to be used as a biomarker for oral epithelial dysplasia. Notch signalling is downregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma, possibly through an Epsin3‐induced de‐activation pathway.
Psychosocial issues among paediatric health‐care workers posted in intensive care unit during COVID‐19 pandemic: A questionnaire‐based survey (Psy‐Co‐19 survey)
Authors: Kumar Surjeet , Bansal Arun , Takia Lalit , Prasad Shankar , Saini Manpreet , Chetal Pooja , Nallasamy Karthi , Angurana Suresh K , Malhi Prabhjot , Jayashree Muralidharan 
Published: June 2023

AimTo understand the moral distress experienced by health‐care workers (HCWs) in the COVID paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We also aimed to assess the psychological well‐being and the coping mechanisms used by HCWs.MethodsA prospective observational cross‐sectional study was conducted from July to September 2021, involving all HCWs who worked in the COVID PICU. Moral distress using Moral Distress for Health‐care Professionals (MMD‐HPs) scale, psychological well‐being using Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) and coping strategies adopted by HCWs using Brief‐COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) were measured.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐four HCW data were examined. The most common causes of moral distress among HCWs were compromised patient care caused by a lack of resources and caring for more patients than they could safely handle. Moral distress was the same regardless of the HCWs' job profile, marital status, number of children or age. The TSQ revealed psychological stress in 23.3% of HCWs with Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder, significantly higher in HCWs under the age of 30 and without children. Few HCWs turned to substance use, self‐blame or denial as coping mechanisms; instead, acceptance, self‐distraction and emotional support were the most frequently used.ConclusionThe most common reasons for moral and psychological distress perceived by participants were insufficient staff and organisational support. Younger HCWs and those without children experienced higher levels of psychological distress. HCWs' typical coping mechanisms are constructive, such as seeking help and support from others, reframing situations and meditation. Health‐care administrators must develop a framework to assist HCWs in dealing with such serious issues.
Remote monitoring support services for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Friedman Carli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile remote monitoring supports have many benefits and the use of remote supports for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) is increasing, they are a relatively new technology for IDD service provision and yet to be widely available. However, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, there was a rapid uptake in technology in Home and Community‐Based Services (HCBS) for people with IDD, including the expansion of telehealth and remote supports. The aim of this study was to examine if, and, how, remote monitoring support services were provided to people with IDD in HCBS across the United States in fiscal year (FY) 2021. To do so, we analyzed Medicaid HCBS 1915(c) waivers for people with IDD. In FY 2021, 10 states (22.22%) provided remote support services to people with IDD through 19 HCBS waivers (17.76%); they provided a total of 36 different remote monitoring services. A total of $22.4 million was allocated for remote support services for 3039 people with IDD. We found states often provided remote support services to people with IDD in HCBS to promote independence, health, and welfare, and reduce and/or replace services. States implemented a number of rules and requirements to help keep people with IDD safe while remote support services were being used, including informed consent, encryption, emergency backup plans, and the prohibition of use in private spaces. Further attention to remote supports in HCBS is necessary to ensure that people with IDD who want to utilize these services are able to do so.
Detection of Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasma ovis in Melophagus ovinus from southern Xinjiang, China
Authors: Li Si‐Ang , Zhang Liu , Li Zheng , Song Hao‐Nan , Que Ze‐Wei , Zhao Si‐Yu , Li Ying‐Ying , Guo Yu‐Ling , Wu Jun‐Yuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMelophagus ovinus is a hematophagous insect that is distributed worldwide and plays a crucial role in transmitting disease‐causing pathogens. From June 2021 to March 2022, a total of 370 M. ovinus were collected from 11 sampling points in southern Xinjiang, China. The specimens were identified using morphological and molecular analyses. Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasma ovis were detected from all the samples using seven Rickettsia‐specific genetic markers and the msp‐4 gene of A. ovis. Approximately 11% of the M. ovinus specimens were positive for Rickettsia spp., and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae was the most predominant species (35/41; 85.4%), while R. massiliae was least prevalent (6/41; 14.6%). Approximately 10.5% (39/370) of the M. ovinus specimens were positive for A. ovis of genotype III, which was co‐detected with Candidatus R. barbariae in M. ovinus (3/370; 0.8%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the detection of R. massiliae and Candidatus R. barbariae in M. ovinus globally. The detection and control of insect‐borne diseases originating from M. ovinus should be strengthened in southern Xinjiang, an area important to animal husbandry and production.
Toxoplasma gondii triggers heterophil extracellular traps via NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways, glycolysis and autophagy in chickens
Authors: Chen Meiyi , Jin Zha , Jin Qinqin , Liu Wei , Gao Xinxin , Hong Hongrong , Qian Yuxiao , Jiang Yuqian , Liu Quan , Wei Zhengkai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite with a global distribution. Heterophil extracellular traps (HETs) are a novel innate immune mechanism of chickens against pathogens, but whether T. gondii can induce HETs release in chickens has not been reported. The effects of T. gondii on heterophils viability were assessed by using Cell Counting Kit‐8. T. gondii‐induced HETs were observed and analysed by the immunofluorescence method. T. gondii‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by the DCFH‐DA method. The mechanisms underlying T. gondii‐triggered HETs were investigated by inhibitors and fluorescence microplate reader. T. gondii did not significantly affect heterophils viability at a 1:1 ratio within 1 h. It was demonstrated for the first time that T. gondii could induce HETs release in chicken, and the structure of HETs was comprised of DNA, elastase and citrullinated histone 3 (citH3). T. gondii increased ROS production in a dose‐dependent manner. Inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and P38 signalling pathways, glycolysis and autophagy significantly decreased the release of T. gondii‐induced HETs. Taken together, T. gondii can induce HETs release in chickens, and ROS, NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways, glycolysis and autophagy participate in the process of HETs release, which provides new insights into the innate immune mechanism of chickens against T. gondii infection.
Representative bureaucracy and family planning service delivery in Tanzania
Authors: Bishu Sebawit G. , Osei‐Kojo Alex 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe apply the theory of representative bureaucracy to examine if gender congruence between family planning care providers and service recipients correlates with communication behaviors during consultation. We use nationally representative administrative data from Tanzania's Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). We apply a series of logistic and ordered logistic regression analyses and find that gender congruence is correlated with both family planning service recipients' and care providers' communication behaviors. Despite confirming the principal tenets of the theory of representative bureaucracy, we also document mixed results when considering the moderating effects of service recipients' prior experience with service on communication behaviors. Taken together, representation has a positive effect on female providers' communication behavior. Yet, for service recipients, its benefits are contingent upon the type of outcome assessed and prior experience with service. We discuss the policy and practical implications of our study in the context of the benefits and limits of representation.
Fancy seeing you here…again: Uncovering individual‐level panel data in repeated cross‐sectional surveys
Authors: Geys Benny 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany theories in Public Administration and Public Management explicitly relate to changes over time in the attitudes, values, perceptions, and/or motivations of public‐sector employees. Examining such theories using (repeated) cross‐sectional datasets may lead to biased inferences and an inability to expose credible causal relationships. As developing individual‐level panel datasets is costly and time‐consuming, this article presents a method to make better use of existing surveys fielded repeatedly among the same respondent pool without individual identifiers. Specifically, it sets out an approach to create a system of unique identifiers using information about respondents' background characteristics available within the original data. The result is a panel dataset that allows tracking (a subset of) individual respondents across time. The article discusses issues of feasibility, credibility as well as ethical considerations. The methodology has further practical value by highlighting data characteristics that can help minimize identifiability of respondents while creating public‐release datasets.
Adaptations in athletic performance and muscle architecture are not meaningfully conditioned by training free‐weight versus machine‐based exercises: Challenging a traditional assumption using the velocity‐based method
Authors: Hernández‐Belmonte Alejandro , Buendía‐Romero Ángel , Franco‐López Francisco , Martínez‐Cava Alejandro , Pallarés Jesús G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the superior effectiveness of free‐weight over machine‐based training has been a traditionally widespread assumption, longitudinal studies comparing these training modalities were scarce and heterogeneous.ObjectiveThis research used the velocity‐based method to compare the effects of free‐weight and machine‐based resistance training on athletic performance and muscle architecture.MethodsThirty‐four resistance‐trained men participated in an 8‐week resistance training program allocated into free‐weight (n = 17) or machine‐based (n = 17) groups. Training variables (intensity, intraset fatigue, and recovery) were identical for both groups, so they only differed in the use of a barbell or specific machines to execute the full squat, bench press, prone bench pull, and shoulder press exercises. The velocity‐based method was implemented to accurately adjust the planned intensity. Analysis of covariance and effect size (ES) statistics were used to compare both training modalities on a comprehensive set of athletic and muscle architecture parameters.ResultsNo between‐group differences were found for any athletic (p ≥ 0.146) and muscle architecture (p ≥ 0.184) variable. Both training modalities significantly and similarly improved vertical jump (Free‐weight: ES ≥ 0.45, p ≤ 0.001; Machine‐based: ES ≥ 0.41, p ≤ 0.001) and lower limb anaerobic capacity (Free‐weight: ES ≥ 0.39, p ≤ 0.007; Machine‐based: ES ≥ 0.31, p ≤ 0.003). Additionally, the machine‐based group meaningfully enhanced upper limb anaerobic power (ES = 0.41, p = 0.021), whereas the free‐weight group significantly improved the change of direction (ES = ‐0.54, p = 0.003) and 2/6 balance conditions analyzed (p ≤ 0.012). Changes in sprint capacity (ES ≥ ‐0.13, p ≥ 0.274), fascicle length, and pennation angle (ES ≤ 0.19, p ≥ 0.129) were not significant for either training modality.ConclusionAdaptations in athletic performance and muscle architecture would not be meaningfully influenced by the resistance modality trained.
Electromyography‐informed musculoskeletal modeling provides new insight into hand tendon forces during tennis forehand
Authors: Goislard de Monsabert Benjamin , Herbaut Alexis , Cartier Théo , Vigouroux Laurent 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, is a major health issue among tennis players. This musculo‐skeletal disorder affects hand extensor tendons, results in substantial pain and impairments for sporting and everyday activities and requires several weeks of recovery. Unfortunately, prevention remains limited by the lack of data regarding biomechanical risk factors, especially because in vivo evaluation of hand tendon forces remains challenging. Electromyography‐informed musculo‐skeletal modeling is a noninvasive approach to provide physiological estimation of tendon forces based on motion capture and electromyography but was never applied to study hand tendon loading during tennis playing. The objective of this study was to develop such electromyography‐informed musculo‐skeletal model to provide new insight into hand tendon loading in tennis players. The model was tested with three‐dimensional kinematics and electromyography data of two players performing forehand drives at two‐shot speeds and with three rackets. Muscle forces increased with shot speed but were moderately affected by racket properties. Wrist prime extensors withstood the highest forces, but their relative implication compared to flexors depended on the player‐specific grip force and racket motion strategy. When normalizing wrist extensor forces by shot speed and grip strength, up to threefold differences were observed between players, suggesting that gesture technique, for example, grip position or joint motion coordination, could play a role in the overloading of wrist extensor tendons. This study provided a new methodology for in situ analysis of hand biomechanical loadings during tennis gesture and shed a new light on lateral epicondylitis risk factors.
Young children's social withdrawal and teacher–child relationship quality: A cross‐cultural comparison between the Netherlands and China
Authors: Chen Mengdi , Koomen Helma M. Y. , Roorda Debora L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study investigated how young children's (5‐to‐8‐year‐olds) social inhibition and solitary behavior were associated with teacher–child relationship quality and whether these associations differed across the Netherlands and China. The Dutch sample included 35 teachers and 201 children (49% girls). The Chinese sample consisted of 19 teachers and 152 children (50% girls). Teachers rated children's social inhibition and solitary behavior, and their relationship (closeness, conflict) with each child. Multilevel linear modeling revealed that in both countries, social inhibition was associated negatively with closeness and solitary behavior was associated positively with conflict. These associations were equally strong in China and the Netherlands. One association differed across countries: Social inhibition was associated negatively with conflict in the Netherlands, whereas this association was not significant in China. As such, cultural values could affect how social inhibition links to teacher–child relationships. Caution is recommended when generalizing findings from one country to another country.
Impact of face masks on perceptions of black and white targets during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Kawakami Kerry , Manokara Kunalan , Fang Xia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough the use of face masks was widespread during the COVID‐19 pandemic, their impact on social perceptions is unclear. Notably, research that has investigated the influence of masks on personality attributions has focused on a small set of characteristics with a focus on predominantly White targets, and only few studies examining more diverse groups. Because the race of targets has been found to impact impression formation processes in significant ways, it is important to examine diverse racial targets along with a wider range of personality traits. The goal of the present research therefore was to explore how face masks impact a variety of trait attributions for both White and Black targets. Our results indicate that masking faces has positive implications (i.e., more trustworthy, warm, competent, and less threatening) for White but not Black targets. Notably, both White and Black targets with masks compared to without masks were perceived as more attractive, but the effect was smaller for Black targets. Because COVID‐19 continues to be a public health emergency of international concern, with infections and deaths occurring around the world and with mask mandates still being implemented in a variety of contexts, knowing how people differentially respond to targets of different races wearing masks remains relevant and important.
Combination of transcriptomic, proteomic, and degradomic profiling reveals common and distinct patterns of pathogen‐induced cell death in maize
Authors: Barghahn Sina , Saridis Georgios , Mantz Melissa , Meyer Ute , Mellüh Jaqueline C. , Misas Villamil Johana C. , Huesgen Pitter F. , Doehlemann Gunther 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYRegulated cell death (RCD) is crucial for plant development, as well as in decision‐making in plant‐microbe interactions. Previous studies revealed components of the molecular network controlling RCD, including different proteases. However, the identity, the proteolytic network as well as molecular components involved in the initiation and execution of distinct plant RCD processes, still remain largely elusive. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome, proteome, and N‐terminome of Zea mays leaves treated with the Xanthomonas effector avrRxo1, the mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 (FB1), or the phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) to dissect plant cellular processes related to cell death and plant immunity. We found highly distinct and time‐dependent biological processes being activated on transcriptional and proteome levels in response to avrRxo1, FB1, and SA. Correlation analysis of the transcriptome and proteome identified general, as well as trigger‐specific markers for cell death in Zea mays. We found that proteases, particularly papain‐like cysteine proteases, are specifically regulated during RCD. Collectively, this study characterizes distinct RCD responses in Z. mays and provides a framework for the mechanistic exploration of components involved in the initiation and execution of cell death.
Plant PAXX has an XLF‐like function and stimulates DNA end joining by the Ku‐DNA ligase IV/XRCC4 complex
Authors: Khan Hira , Ochi Takashi 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYNon‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) plays a major role in repairing DNA double‐strand breaks and is key to genome stability and editing. The minimal core NHEJ proteins, namely Ku70, Ku80, DNA ligase IV and XRCC4, are conserved, but other factors vary in different eukaryote groups. In plants, the only known NHEJ proteins are the core factors, while the molecular mechanism of plant NHEJ remains unclear. Here, we report a previously unidentified plant ortholog of PAXX, the crystal structure of which showed a similar fold to human ‘PAXX’. However, plant PAXX has similar molecular functions to human XLF, by directly interacting with Ku70/80 and XRCC4. This suggests that plant PAXX combines the roles of mammalian PAXX and XLF and that these functions merged into a single protein during evolution. This is consistent with a redundant function of PAXX and XLF in mammals.