bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between postoperative nodal skip metastasis of mid-thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and patient prognosis and its value in guiding postoperative adjuvant treatment
Authors: Gao Hong-Mei , Zhao Xiao-Han , Shen Wen-Bin , Li You-Mei , Li Shu-Guang , Zhu Shu-Chai 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the predictive role of nodal skip metastasis (NSM) in the prognosis of lymph node-positive mid-thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and to evaluate the significance of postoperative adjuvant treatment in patients with different sites of metastatic nodes.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 321 lymph node-positive mid-thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent surgery in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Based on the site and condition of lymph node metastasis by postoperative pathology, the patients were divided into two groups: NSM group and non-NSM (NNSM) group. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to match the two groups. The prognostic factors of patients before and after PSM as well as the effect of different adjuvant treatment modes on the prognosis of patients before and after PSM were analyzed. SPSS 29.0 statistical software was used for analysis.ResultsPSM in a 1 : 1 matching ratio was performed, 103 patients were assigned to NSM group and NNSM group respectively. Significant differences were found in the 3- and 5-year OS and DFS between the two groups before PSM, the 3- and 5-year OS also showed a significant difference after PSM (P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis illustrated that gender, postoperative adjuvant treatment mode, N stage and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for OS and DFS after PSM (P &lt; 0.05); for NSM patients, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy significantly prolonged OS and DFS before and after PSM (P &lt; 0.05). But no significant difference was found in OS and DFS for NNSM patients after PSM (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionPostoperative NSM is a good prognostic factor for patients with mid-thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was recommended for those group, thereby gaining survival benefits.
Simpson's paradox and the impact of donor-recipient race-matching on outcomes post living or deceased donor kidney transplantation in the United States
Authors: Lv Kaikai , Wu Yangyang , Lai Wenhui , Hao Xiaowei , Xia Xinze , Huang Shuai , Luo Zhenjun , Lv Chao , Qing Yuan , Song Tao 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundRace is a prognostic indicator in kidney transplant (KT). However, the effect of donor-recipient race-matching on survival after KT remains unclear.MethodsUsing the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, a retrospective study was conducted on 244,037 adults who received first-time, kidney-alone transplantation between 2000 and 2019. All patients were categorized into two groups according to donor-recipient race-matching, and the living and deceased donor KT (LDKT and DDKT) were analyzed in subgroups.ResultsOf the 244,037 patients, 149,600 (61%) were race-matched, including 107,351 (87%) Caucasian, 20,741 (31%) African Americans, 17,927 (47%) Hispanics, and 3,581 (25%) Asians. Compared with race-unmatching, race-matching showed a reduced risk of overall mortality and graft loss (unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.87; and unadjusted HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.78–0.80, respectively). After propensity score-matching, donor-recipient race-matching was associated with a decreased risk of overall graft loss (P &lt; 0.001) but not mortality. In subgroup analysis, race-matching was associated with higher crude mortality (HR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06–1.20 in LDKT and HR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.09–1.14 in DDKT). However, race-matching was associated with a decreased risk of graft loss in DDKT (unadjusted HR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99), but not in LDKT. After propensity score-matching, race-matching had better outcomes for LDKT (patient survival, P = 0.047; graft survival, P &lt; 0.001; and death-censored graft survival, P &lt; 0.001) and DDKT (death-censored graft survival, P = 0.018). Nonetheless, race-matching was associated with an increased adjusted mortality rate in the DDKT group (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionRace-matching provided modest survival advantages after KT but was not enough to influence organ offers. Cofounding factors at baseline led to a contorted crude conclusion in subgroups, which was reversed again to normal trends in the combined analysis due to Simpson's paradox caused by the LDKT/DDKT ratio.
Case report and literature review: Primary leiomyosarcoma of the penis
Authors: Hao Yichang , Xia Li , Lu Min , Liu Chenhong , Zhang Fan , Yan Ye , Huang Yi , Zhang Shudong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundLeiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant spindle-cell mesenchymal tumor originating from the smooth muscle cells, which mostly affects soft tissues and abdominopelvic organs over extremities. Primary LMS of the penis is a relatively uncommon mesenchymal tissue disease and a poorly understood condition.Case ReportA 69-year-old man presented with a growing, painless mass protruding from the penis. The irregularly lobulated lump was roughly 3 cm × 2.5 cm, with a smooth surface, tough texture, distinct boundary, and no tenderness. It was determined to be a penile tumor during the preoperative radiological evaluation. The patient underwent resection of the penile mass, followed by extended resection in the second operation. The diagnosis of LMS was verified by pathological examination. During a 20-month follow-up, the patient made a smooth recovery and remained disease-free.ConclusionAn immunohistochemical examination is essential for rendering this rare diagnosis. Radical excision of tumor lesions with negative cut margins is guaranteed to be the best treatment for primary penile LMS. Close follow-up should be provided due to the high rate of local recurrence.
Portal-mesenteric vein resection for pancreatic cancer: Results in par with the defined benchmark outcomes
Authors: Tsiotos Gregory G. , Ballian Nikiforos , Milas Fotios , Ziogou Panoraia , Papaioannou Dimitrios , Salla Charitini , Athanasiadis Ilias , Stavridi Flora , Strimpakos Alexios , Psomas Maria , Kostopanagiotou Georgia 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundPatients with pancreatic cancer (PC), which may involve major peripancreatic vessels, have been generally excluded from surgery, as resection was deemed futile. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of portomesenteric vein resection in borderline resectable or locally advanced PC. This study comprises the largest series of such patients in Greece.Materials and MethodsInvestigator-initiated, retrospective, noncomparative study of patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced adenocarcinoma undergoing pancreatectomy en-block with portal and/or superior mesenteric vein resection in a tertiary referral center in Greece between January 2014 and October 2021. Follow-up was complete up to December 2021. Operative and outcome measures were determined.ResultsForty patients were included. Neoadjuvant therapy was administered to only 58% and was associated with smaller tumor size (median: 2.9 cm vs. 4.2 cm, p = 0.004), but not with increased survival. Though venous wall infiltration was present in 55%, it was not associated with tumor size, or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status. Resection was extensive: a median of 27 LNs were retrieved, R0 resection rate (≥1 mm) was 87%, and median length of resected vein segments was 3 cm, requiring interposition grafts in 40% (polytetrafluoroethylene). Median ICU stay was 0 days and length of hospitalization 9 days. Postoperative mortality was 2.5%. Median follow-up was 46 months and median overall survival (OS) was 24 months. Two-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 49%, 33%, and 22% respectively. All outcomes exceeded benchmark cutoffs. Lower ECOG status was positively correlated with longer survival (ECOG-0: 32 months, ECOG-1: 24 months, ECOG-2: 12 months, p = 0.02).ConclusionThis series of portomesenteric resection in borderline resectable or locally advanced PC demonstrated a median survival of 2 years, extending to 32 months in patients with good performance status, which meet or exceed current outcome benchmarks.
3D-printed patient-specific instrumentation decreases the variability of patellar height in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Wang Xiaohua , Sun Bin , Yuan Liang , Zhang Ke , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThree-dimensionally (3D) printed patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) might help in this regard with individual design and more accurate osteotomy, but whether the utility of such instrumentations minimizes the variability of patellar height in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the reasons for this effect are unknown. Our aim is to compare and analyze the variability of patellar height with PSI and conventional instrumentation (CI) in TKA.MethodsBetween March 2018 and November 2021, 215 patients with severe knee osteoarthritis who were treated with primary unilateral TKA were identified for this observational study. The patients were divided into the CI-TKA group and PSI-TKA group according to the osteotomy tools used in TKA. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters including hip–knee–ankle angle (HKA), posterior tibial slope (PTS), Insall–Salvati ratio, modified Caton–Deschamps (mCD) ratio, anterior condylar offset (ACO), and posterior condylar offset (PCO) were evaluated.ResultsThe groups were similar in patients' demographic data, clinical scores, and radiographic parameters preoperatively. Overall, according to the results of the Insall–Salvati ratio, postoperative patellar height reduction was noted in 140 patients (65.1%). Interestingly, the variability of patellar height was smaller in the PSI-TKA group. Radiographic evaluation revealed that the Insall–Salvati ratio after TKA had a minor change in the PSI-TKA group (p = 0.005). Similarly, the mCD ratio after TKA also had a minor change in the PSI-TKA group (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to those in the CI-TKA group, the ACO (p &lt; 0.001) and PCO (p = 0.011) after TKA had a minor change in the PSI-TKA group, but no minor PTS change (p = 0.951) was achieved in the PSI-TKA group after TKA. However, even with 3D-printed patient-specific instrumentation, there were still significant reductions in patellar height, ACO, PCO, and PTS after TKA (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe variability of patellar height was sufficiently minimized with more accurate anterior and posterior femoral condyle osteotomy when 3D printed PSI was used. Furthermore, there was a trend in over-resection of the femoral anterior and posterior condyle and a marked reduction in PTS during TKA, which could lead to a change in patellar height and might result in more patellofemoral complications following TKA.Level of evidenceLevel II.
Breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma in a male patient: A case report and review of the medical literature
Authors: Xia Zihuan , Han Bing , Wang Lei , Ning Guansen , Guo Zongke , Zhang Jue , Yu Bing , Chen Ming , Zhang Wanxing , Wang Ke , Ma Xiaojun 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundPrimary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a rare tumor type. The diagnosis of this tumor type is more frequently made only after microscopy evaluation. Breast implant-associated SCC is rarer with medical literature review indicating only 18 cases reported in female individuals.Case presentationWe reported an unusual case that a man found a 3-cm sized mass on his left breast at first, who had a implant surgery 18 years previously to reconstruct the deformed left breast, as related to the Poland's syndrome. More than 1 year after the mass was detected, the size of the mass gradually increased to 20 cm with swelling and severe pain, and the patient was admitted to our hospital. The patient underwent surgical excision of the tumor, followed by removal of the implant, complete capsulectomy, and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The microscopy evaluation demonstrated the tumor as moderately and poorly differentiated invasive SCC. Follow-up at 12 months after showed multiple metastases, including the skin of the chest, axillary lymph nodes and pleura.ConclusionBreast implant-associated SCC can occur in male patients. Therefore, it should be considered when the clinical manifestation or histopathological appearance is not typical of other breast neoplasms. Malignant transformation of normal epithelial cells takes about 18 years, after which rapid evolution follows leading to fast growth of the tumor.
Effects of Pullulan-Based Coatings Incorporating ɛ-Polylysine and Glutathione on the Preservation of Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L.) Postharvest
Authors: Hu Aoxue , Mao Yingming 
Published: January 2023

Pullulan has a fine-coating-forming ability, ɛ-polylysine has an antibacterial activity, and glutathione has both a potent antioxidant activity and polyphenol-oxidase-inhibiting ability. This study explored the effects of pullulan-based coatings incorporating ɛ-polylysine and glutathione (1% pullulan + 0.2% ɛ-polylysine + 0.3% glutathione) on the preservation of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L.) during refrigerated storage. Pullulan-based coatings incorporating ɛ-polylysine and glutathione decreased the weight loss, decay and rust spot indices, respiratory rate and malondialdehyde by 49.01%, 60.38%, 91.09%, 69.09% and 49.23%, respectively, and increased soluble solid content by 34.21% compared with the control group after 15 days of refrigerated storage (p < 0.05). Results show that pullulan-based coatings incorporating ɛ-polylysine and glutathione treatment may be practical materials for the preservation of cowpeas during refrigerated storage.
STOCHASTIC MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF MEDIA CAMPAIGN ON TRANSMISSION OF COVID – 19 EPIDEMIC.
Authors: Bashiru Kehinde Adekunle , Ojurongbe Taiwo Adetola , Olaosebikan Mutiu L , Adeboye Nureni O , Afolabi Habeeb A , Olukotun Ife 
Published: January 2023

The COVID - 19 pandemic is currently causing authorities and public health officials more concern. The goal of the project is to convert a deterministic model for COVID-19 transmissions to a stochastic model, and then analyze the results to see how media-driven awareness campaigns have an impact on the disease's spread. The dynamic COVID-19 model was converted to a stochastic model, which was then examined. The model includes the following categories: Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Infected class (I), Isolated class ( ), Aware class and Recovered class (R), as well as the Cumulative density of awareness programs by media denoted by . With the help of MATLAB, the converted model is then numerically solved using the Eula Maruyama approach, allowing the existence and uniqueness of the model to be examined. The implementation of awareness programs has been found to have a significant positive impact on the spread of COVID-19. As the rate of implementation of these programs rises, the population that is exposed to the virus and those who are infected with it declines, and it has been hypothesized that this will eventually cause COVID-19 to become extinct. According to the report, putting awareness campaigns into place can help stop the COVID-19 epidemic from spreading.
Pasarofça Antlaşması’nı Tarafları İçin Zorunlu Kılan Nedenler Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ERCAN Hüseyin Onur 
Published: January 2023

Bâbıâlî tarafından Aralık 1714’te Venedik Cumhuriyeti’ne karşı ilân edilerek başlayan ve 1715-1718 yılları arasında fiilen cereyan eden Osmanlı-Venedik-Habsburg Savaşı, Osmanlılara ilk safhada Venedik’e karşı askerî zaferler sağlamışsa da Habsburgların savaşa dâhil olmasıyla Tuna’nın kuzeyinde beklenmedik kayıplar yaşattı. Savoy Prensi Eugen idaresindeki Habsburglar ile 5 Ağustos 1716’da Petervaradin’de karşılaşan Osmanlı ordusu, Serdar-ı Ekrem Ali Paşa’nın şehadetiyle birlikte ağır bir yenilgi aldı. Savaşın devamında Osmanlılar, evvela 164 yıldır hâkimiyetinde bulundurduğu Temeşvar (13 Ekim 1716) ve akabinde Orta Avrupa’nın en önemli askerî üssü konumundaki Belgrad Kalelerini, Habsburglara vire ile teslim etmek durumunda kaldı (18 Ağustos 1717).
Osmanlı-Venedik-Habsburg Savaşı’nı resmen sonlandıran Pasarofça Antlaşması'na (21 Temmuz 1718) giden diplomatik yolu açan Sâbık Belgrad Muhafızı Mustafa Paşa’nın 1717 Eylül’ündeki mektubundan barış akdine kadar geçen yaklaşık on aylık zaman diliminde Osmanlı ve Habsburg saraylarınca oluşturulmuş diplomatik belgeler ele alındığında, her iki tarafın ortak bir paydada buluşmak adına devamlı olarak müdârâ ettiği gözlenmektedir. Bu makale, Pasarofça Antlaşması’nı tarafları için zorunlu kılan nedenler üzerine mukayeseli bir analizi içermektedir.
Low temperature selective growth of Ga-doped and Ga–B co-doped germanium source/drain for PMOS devices
Authors: Porret Clement , Rengo Gianluca , Ayyad Mustafa , Hikavyy Andriy , Rosseel Erik , Langer Robert , Loo Roger 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The peculiarities and physical properties of gallium-doped (Ge:Ga) and gallium and boron co-doped germanium (Ge:Ga:B) epilayers grown at low temperature (320 °C) by chemical vapor deposition, are investigated and benchmarked against their boron-doped (Ge:B) counterpart. Ge:Ga films with resistivities <0.3 mΩ.cm < 0.3 mΩ.cm are demonstrated, outperforming Ge:B prepared with a similar method. A selective Ge:Ga growth process based on a cyclic deposition and etch routine is developed and applied to fin structures. Full process selectivity towards nitride and oxide surfaces is demonstrated. Ga incorporation is, however, reduced compared to non-selective growth, resulting in a degradation of the electrical performance. Ti/Ge:Ga(:B) contacts are finally evaluated, with the aim of providing new solutions for advanced Ge-based devices.
Accurate evaluation of interface trap density at InAs MOS interfaces by using C–V curves at low temperatures
Authors: Yoshizu Ryohei , Sumita Kei , Toprasertpong Kasidit , Takenaka Mitsuru , Takagi Shinichi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A method to evaluate the interface trap density (D
it) accurately by using high-frequency C–V curves at InAs MOS interfaces is experimentally examined, where quick responses of the interface traps at room temperature make D
it evaluation based on the high-frequency C–V (Terman) method difficult. Therefore, low-temperature measurements of the C–V curves were performed to suppress the response of the interface traps. We studied the impact of the accuracy of the oxide capacitance C
OX, distribution function, and C–V hysteresis owing to slow traps on the D
it values evaluated by the Terman method. It was found that the accuracy of C
OX and the choice of distribution function had a slight effect on the accuracy of the D
it evaluation. It was also revealed that a measurement temperature lower than 40 K and limited gate voltage ranges in the C–V scan were indispensable for the accurate evaluation of D
it.
Two-step growth of κ-Ga2O3 thin films on 4H-SiC substrates with temperature-varied buffer layers using mist chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Cho Seong-Ho , Shin Yun-Ji , Jeong Seong-Min , Kwon Se-Hun , Bae Si-Young 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Two-step growth of κ-Ga2O3 thin films on 4H-SiC substrates was attempted with temperature-varied buffer layers via mist chemical vapor deposition. The first-step Ga2O3 buffer layers affect the phase formation and grain size variation depending on growth temperatures. In the second-step thin-film growth, the κ-Ga2O3 thin film was grown at a fixed temperature of 500 °C regardless of various buffer layers. Three zones, namely, amorphous, κ phase, and mixed phase, were categorized in the κ-Ga2O3 thin films according to the buffer growth temperature. High-quality and smooth κ-Ga2O3 thin films could be achieved through the grain growth competition and slight buffer temperature variation in the two-step growth.
Исследование пробиотических свойств бактериального концентрата
Authors: Занданова Туяна Нимбуевна 
Published: January 2023

Введение: В современных условиях необходимо поддержание и восстановление микроэкологического статуса человека с помощью пробиотиков. Такие факторы как ухудшение экологии, стрессы, применение консервантов в продуктах питания, заболевания являются причинами развития дисбактериоза. Пробиотические бактерии оказывают многоуровневое воздействие на организм человека: восстановление нормальной микрофлоры кишечника, синтез биологические активных веществ, укрепление кишечного барьера, подавление роста патогенных и условно-патогенных бактерий. Применение поликомпонентных пробиотиков при лечении дисбактериозов обеспечивает комплексное воздействие различных метаболитов на кишечную микробиоту. Многоштаммовые микробные сообщества обладают более высоким адаптационным потенциалом в сравнении с моновидными препаратами. Однако, создание многоштаммовых микробных сообществ требует тщательного подбора по их биосовместимости. Цель: исследовать пробиотические свойства бактериального концентрата микробного консорциума (МК), полученного путем длительной автоселекции микрофлоры кефирной грибковой закваски при низких значениях рН. Материалы и методы: Был исследован замороженный бактериальный концентрат микробного консорциума, полученный путем наращивания биомассы на творожной сыворотке с добавлением ростовых компонентов. Для сравнительного анализа использовали исходный инокулят - микробный консорциум.Результаты. В результате автоселекции формируется симбиотическое сообщество микроорганизмов, состоящее из термофильных и мезофильных лактобацилл, дрожжей сбраживающих и не сбраживающих лактозу, ацетобактерий. Полученный МК идентичен по своему составу естественной популяции микроорганизмов курунги и кумыса. Выводы: В статье приведены данные влияния различных факторов, моделирующих условия желудочно-кишечного тракта человека, на выживаемость микрофлоры МК и бактериального концентрата. Представлены данные по адгезивной и антагонистической активности.
Особенности рынка хлебопечения и перспективные направления развития хлебопекарной отрасли Беларуси и России
Authors: Акулич Александр Васильевич , Костюченко Марина Николаевна , Балыхин Михаил Григорьевич , Самуйленко Татьяна Дмитриевна , Шапошников Игорь Иосифович 
Published: January 2023

Введение: Современная хлебопекарная промышленность Союзного Государства является одной из ведущих отраслей пищевой промышленности, а по объемам производства в натуральном выражении она занимает одно из первых мест в мире. Ее состояние и перспективы развития обуславливают множество как внутренних, так и внешних факторов. Цель: Целью исследования является выявление закономерностей и особенностей функционирования рынка хлебопечения Российской Федерации и Республики Беларусь в динамике последних десяти лет и установление перспективных направлений его развития в современных реалиях XXI века.Материалы и методы: Аналитические исследования проведены с использованием данных Росстат и Белстат, Минсельхозпрод Беларуси, КУП «Минскхлебпром», Белкоопсоюз. Результаты: В представленной работе отражена сравнительная характеристика изменений потребления хлебобулочных изделий, их объемов и структуры производства в Республике Беларусь и Российской Федерации за 2010–2020 гг. Рассмотрены основные причины, обуславливающие динамику названных процессов. Уделено внимание проблемам формирования стоимости и розничных цен на хлебобулочные изделия и пути их решения в современных условиях функционирования хлебопекарной отрасли двух стран. Представлены совместные достижения научных организаций, учреждений высшего образования и предприятий хлебопекарной отрасли в области технологий хлебобулочных изделий в дискретном режиме, в том числе и повышенной пищевой ценности. Определены общие направления в совершенствовании хлебопекарной промышленности на основе ее цифровизации, базируемой на комплексной взаимосвязи потребителя, производителя, науки и образования. Выводы: Результаты исследования позволят оперативно реагировать на тенденцию изменения спроса на хлебобулочные изделия, разрабатывать и реализовывать новые направления в технологии с учетом современного состояния хлебопекарной отрасли и функционирования отдельных хлебопекарных предприятий.