bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of human reliability analysis to carpal tunnel decompression
Authors: Lucey Á , Kennedy S , Hussey A , McInerney N , Kelly JL , Joyce KM 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Many surgical procedures are prone to human error, particularly in the learning phase of skills acquisition. Task standardisation has been suggested as an approach to reducing errors, but it fails to account for the human factors associated with learning. Human reliability analysis (HRA) is a structured approach to assess human error during surgery. This study used HRA methodologies to examine skills acquisition associated with carpal tunnel decompression. Methods The individual steps or subtasks required to complete a carpal tunnel decompression were identified using hierarchical task analysis (HTA). The systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA) was carried out by consensus of subject matter experts. This identified the potential human errors at each subgoal, the level of risk associated with each task and how these potential errors could be prevented. Results Carpal tunnel decompression was broken down into 46 subtasks, of which 21 (45%) were medium risk and 25 (55%) were low risk. Of the 46 subtasks, 4 (9%) were assigned high probability and 18 (39%) were assigned medium probability. High probability errors (>1/50 cases) included selecting incorrect tourniquet size, failure to infiltrate local anaesthetic in a proximal-to-distal direction and completion of the World Health Organization (WHO) surgical sign-out. Three (6%) of the subtasks were assigned high criticality, which included failure to aspirate before anaesthetic injection, whereas 21 (45%) were assigned medium criticality. Remedial strategies for each potential error were devised. Conclusions The use of HRA techniques provides surgeons with a platform to identify critical steps that are prone to error. This approach may improve surgical training and enhance patient safety.
Bifunctional metasurface for high-efficiency terahertz absorption and polarization conversion
Authors: Zhang Guanghui , Wu Qiuxia , Zhong Zheqiang , Zhang Bin 
Published: June 2023

A reconfigurable metasurface with a switchable function, broad band, high efficiency, and ultra-compact size is crucial for the development of efficient and compact devices. We propose a bifunctional metasurface that utilizes vanadium dioxide (VO2) and graphene to achieve high-efficiency absorption and polarization conversion (PC) in the terahertz (THz) range. In our design, an extra dielectric layer is added on the top of VO2 and graphene. It is worth pointing out that the presence of the additional dielectric layer greatly enhances the coupling of the wave in the Fabry–Perot cavity, resulting in remarkable improvement in absorption and PC efficiency. Furthermore, by controlling the working state of VO2 and graphene, the functionality of the metasurface can be flexibly switched among absorption, cross-polarized conversion, and linear-to-circular PC (LTC). Simulation results indicate that the metasurface works in the absorption mode when VO2 is in a metal state, and it can efficiently absorb THz waves at 2.0–7.0 THz with a remarkable relative bandwidth of 111.1%. Furthermore, the absorption is over 98.4% under a normal incident case and still maintains over 90% with an incident angle of 50° at 2.8–7.0 THz. Importantly, by changing the conductivity of VO2, the absorption can be flexibly adjusted, allowing for tuning the absorption between 10% and 98.4%. When VO2 is in an insulator state, the function of the designed metasurface is altered to PC mode, and it can efficiently convert incident linearly polarized (LP) waves into cross-polarized waves with a PC ratio exceeding 95% at 1.8–3.4 THz when the Fermi level of graphene is 1 eV. When switched to the LTC mode, it can convert incident LP waves into right-circularly polarized waves with ellipticity less than −0.95 at 1.7–2.1 THz and into left-circularly polarized waves with ellipticity greater than 0.90 at 2.7–3.0 THz when the Fermi level of graphene is 0.55 eV.
Exploring associations between household environmental factors and handwashing with essential agents in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Tamene Aiggan , Habte Aklilu , Tagesse Mihretu , Endale Fitsum , Melis Tamirat , Wale Sewalem Zablon , Afework Abel 
Published: June 2023

Background
3 billion people lack proper home hand hygiene facilities globally. Of these, 1.4 billion (18%) lack soap or water, while 1.6 billion (22%) have neither. This analysis explores the link between living conditions and the use of essential agents in sub-Saharan Africa. This secondary data analysis examines potential associations between the domiciliary environment and the use of essential agents in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
Eighteen demographic and health surveys were used to analyze the association between household environmental factors and handwashing with essential agents. STATA version 16 was used to analyze data from 203,311 households across weighted samples. Using a multivariable multilevel mixed effect logistic regression analysis, it was possible to determine how each independent factor affected the outcome while taking the data clustering into account. The adjusted odds ratio and its associated 95% confidence interval were used to assess the independent factors’ statistical significance.

Result
Only one in three households 34.84%, practiced handwashing with essential agents, with the highest prevalence in Angola (70.2%) and the lowest in Malawi (6.5%). Educational status [aOR = 1.77; 95%(CI = 1.68–1.86)], female headship[aOR = 1.09; 95%(CI = 1.06–1.2)], household wealth[aOR = 4.08; 95%(CI = 3.84–4.33)], not sharing toilets with other homes[aOR = 1.13; 95%(CI = 1.10–1.17)], having a fixed place for hand washing[aOR = 1.49; 95%(CI = 1.45–1.54)], not having regular access to water [aOR = 0.09; 95%(CI = 0.095–0.10)]and being a rural resident [aOR = 0.85; 95%(CI = 0.82–0.88)] were associated with handwashing.

Conclusion
sub-Saharan nations are failing to demonstrate advancements in handwashing practices. There are still a lot of homes without access to basic infrastructure for handwashing and household water sources. For essential agent adoption programs to be successful in an environment with limited resources, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene measures must be implemented. Furthermore, it is critical to include contextual factors from the current study as well as socio-cultural and psychological characteristics that dissuade people from using essential agents in intervention strategies.
Potential higher risk of tethered spinal cord in children after prenatal surgery for myelomeningocele: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Spoor Jochem K. H. , Kik Charlotte C. , van Veelen Marie-Lise C. , Dirven Clemens , Miller Jena L. , Groves Mari L. , DeKoninck Philip L. J. , Baschat Ahmet A. , Eggink Alex J. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the incidence of secondary tethered spinal cord (TSC) between prenatal and postnatal closure in patients with MMC. The objectives was to understand the incidence of secondary TSC after prenatal surgery for MMC compared to postnatal surgery for MMC.

Material and methods
On May 4, 2023, a systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to gather relevant data. Primary studies focusing on repair type, lesion level, and TSC were included, while non-English or non-Dutch reports, case reports, conference abstracts, editorials, letters, comments, and animal studies were excluded. Two reviewers assessed the included studies for bias risk, following PRISMA guidelines. TSC frequency in MMC closure types was determined, and the relationship between TSC occurrence and closure technique was analyzed using relative risk and Fisher’s exact test. Subgroup analysis revealed relative risk differences based on study designs and follow-up periods. A total of ten studies, involving 2,724 patients, were assessed. Among them, 2,293 patients underwent postnatal closure, while 431 received prenatal closure for the MMC defect. In the prenatal closure group, TSC occurred in 21.6% (n = 93), compared to 18.8% (n = 432) in the postnatal closure group. The relative risk (RR) of TSC in patients with prenatal MMC closure versus postnatal MMC closure was 1.145 (95%CI 0.939 to 1.398). Fisher’s exact test indicated a statistically non-significant association (p = 0.106) between TSC and closure technique. When considering only RCT and controlled cohort studies, the overall RR for TSC was 1.308 (95%CI 1.007 to 1.698) with a non-significant association (p = .053). For studies focusing on children up until early puberty (maximum 12 years follow-up), the RR for tethering was 1.104 (95%CI 0.876 to 1.391), with a non-significant association (p = 0.409).

Conclusion and discussion
This review found no significant increase in relative risk of TSC between prenatal and postnatal closure in MMC patients, but a trend of increased TSC in the prenatal group. More long-term data on TSC after fetal closure is needed for better counseling and outcomes in MMC.
Alexander of Aphrodisias’ Theory of Action and the Capacity of Doing Otherwise
Authors: Harari Orna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
I examine Alexander of Aphrodisias’ theory of action, addressing the question how his view that human actions are determined by reason accounts for the capacity of doing otherwise. Calling into question the standard view that Alexander frees agents from internal determination, I argue that (1) the capacity of doing otherwise is a consequence of determination by reason, since it enables agents to do something different from what they would have done had they followed external circumstances; and (2) this capacity is compatible with causal determination by reason because as a case of potentiality for opposites, it grants agents the qualified possibility of doing otherwise insofar as their nature as human beings is concerned – a possibility which remains also when their actions are causally determined by reason and by their internal disposition. I show further that these elements of Alexander’s theory of action are ultimately based on his conception of the soul, specifically on his commitment to Aristotle’s view that the human soul is not purely rational, as the Stoics hold, but has nonrational and rational parts.
Genetic markers associated with adverse reactions of radioiodine therapy in thyroid cancer patients
Authors: Denisenko Natalia P. , Kachanova Anastasia A. , Sychev Ivan V. , Shuev Gregory N. , Perfilieva Oksana M. , Mukhamadiev Reis H. , Kazakov Ruslan E. , Milyutina Olga I. , Konenkova Olga V. , Ryzhkin Sergey A. , Zhmaeva Elena M. , Kirienko Sergey L. , Ivashchenko Dmitriy V. , Bure Irina V. , Ametov Alexander S. , Poddubnaya Irina V. , Mirzaev Karin B. , Sychev Dmitry A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Radioactive iodine therapy is considered for patients with certain clinicopathological factors that predict a significant risk of recurrence, distant metastases of thyroid cancer or disease-specific mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between polymorphisms of genes, products of which are involved in the processes of DNA damage response and autophagy, and the adverse reactions of radioiodine therapy in thyroid cancer patients.

Methods
The study included 181 patients (37 men, 144 women; median age 56 [41; 66.3] years) with histologically confirmed thyroid cancer and a history of thyroidectomy who received radioiodine therapy. NFKB1, ATM, ATG16L2, ATG10, TGFB1, and TNF polymorphisms were determined by allele-specific realtime-PCR.

Results
The frequency of adverse reactions was the following: gastrointestinal symptoms – 57.9 %, local symptoms – 65.8 %, cerebral symptoms – 46.8 %, fatigue – 54.4 %; signs of sialoadenitis six months after radioiodine therapy – 25.2 %. TT genotype carriers of ATG10 rs1864183 had higher frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms (vs. CC+CT), the CC genotype carriers of ATG10 rs10514231 had significantly more frequent cerebral symptoms (vs. CT+TT), as well as AA genotype carriers of TGFB1 rs1800469 (vs. AG+GG). CC genotype of ATG10 rs10514231 increased the incidence of radioiodine-induced fatigue, whereas GA genotype of the ATM rs11212570 had a protective role against fatigue. TGFB1 rs1800469 was associated with signs of sialoadenitis six months after radioiodine therapy.

Conclusions
Genetic factors may contribute to the occurrence of adverse reactions of radioiodine therapy in thyroid cancer patients.
The effect of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 on proliferation, migration, and invasion in DU145 cells
Authors: Ma Guoxing , Yang Liyuan , Tang Mingqing , Li Mengjun , Fu Ling , Bao Ying , Zhang Hongxin , Xu Ruian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Although ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) has been shown to promote the development of various cancers, its role in prostate cancer has been poorly reported. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate the involvement of USP21 in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) progression.

Methods
Information from public databases was used to evaluate the pattern of USP21 expression in PRAD tissues and its effect on patient prognosis. Subsequently, we either upregulated or knocked down USP21 expression in the human PRAD cell line DU145 to assess cell growth, migration, invasiveness, and apoptosis.

Results
The transcript levels of USP21 in PRAD tissues were low, indicating a poor prognosis. In DU145 cells, USP21 silencing impaired cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression, migratory capacity, and invasiveness, while it increased rates of apoptosis. Furthermore, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were all induced by upregulating USP21. In addition, gene enrichment analysis revealed that USP21 had the potential to regulate cell adhesion and the cell cycle. This observation was further validated by the detection of expression of related genes in cells with either knockdown or increased USP21 expression levels. The expression and copy numbers of USP21 were significantly correlated with the infiltration levels of immune cells.

Conclusions
Expression level of USP21 is associated with PRAD progression and poor prognosis, and may have a role in potential therapeutic strategies for patients with PRAD.
Excitation wavelength altered PL study of Co doped ZnO nanoparticles suitable for white LED application
Authors: Lavanya N. , Deepak N. K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles doped with Co at different concentration (Zn1−x
Co
x
O) were synthesized by sol–gel auto combustion method and are characterized by using various characterization tools. Structural study using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) analysis showed the crystalline nature with hexagonal wurtzite geometry and the composition analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the incorporation of Co in the ZnO lattice in the case of doped nanoparticles. Scanning electron-microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed the prepared nanoparticles as spherical, loosely agglomerated and having dimension of nanoscale. UV–vis DRS studies indicated a red shift in optical band gap with Co doping. PL spectra exhibits emission in the UV and visible region and the analysis revealed information about the presence of various types of defects in the ZnO lattice. An increase in the excitation wavelength gives intense emission in the high wavelength region for doped nanoparticles confirming the presence of divalent and monovalent oxygen as main defects. The Zn0.93Co0.07O nanoparticles records CIE coordinates lying in the white region of CIE color space at 350 nm with CCT of 5561.4 K suggesting their suitability in fabrication of white light emitting diodes.
III. Regesta decretalium et extravagantes. The Use of Papal Decretals around 1200
Authors: Drossbach Gisela 
Published: June 2023

Summary
In my paper I will not classify decretal collections on the basis of the letters they include. However, I want to look at the totality of form and content of manuscripts, codicological and paleographical aspects as well as the typology of decretals. My thesis is that they were used in different types of transfer and that the production and spread of decretals happened mainly in the Paris Basin. My article will be presented in the following sections: 1. Introduction; 2. Deconstructibility of Decretals and Extravagants; 3. Materiality and Use of Decretal Collections; 4. Paratexts or “Layout on Page Margins”; 5. Pre-Gratian Decretals; 6. Paris Basin – Use of decretals in Schools; 7. Conclusion
VI. Lutherische Konfessionsbildung. „Lutherische Orthodoxie“ aus rechtshistorischer Sicht
Authors: Schmoeckel Mathias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The development of the Lutheran Denomination. “Lutheran Orthodoxy” in the perspective of Legal History. The term ‘Lutheran Orthodoxy’ is mostly used for the majority of Lutherans following the ‘Formular of Concord’ of 1577. Originally, however, the term was coined with a polemic intention to reveal the hardhearted persecution of religious minorities. In a legal perspective it stands for a debate within Saxon Protestants, which starting in 1573 led to the incrimination of Calvinists as well as Philippists (followers of Philipp Melanchthon), but also established, eventually, the Lutheran denomination in the Empire and in other countries. When criminal persecution was no longer to be expected, this kind of debate was carried on among Lutheran lawyers in order to claim true Lutheranism for their own teaching. With Christian Thomasius, however, the repression itself became a reproach – which coins the common perception until today.
VI. Zur Legitimität gentiler Fürsten bei ihren römischen Bürgern
Authors: Liebs Detlef 
Published: June 2023

Summary
This article addresses the extent to which the Romans living in regions of the Roman Empire conquered by gentile people since the 5th century, regarded their rule by gentile princes as legitimate. The Romans there were generally willing to not just accept them as military victors but also to acknowledge their princes as their masters. In fact many representatives of the upper classes served their new rulers, while the lower classes benefited from a considerably lower tax burden. But resistance occurred when the Vandals attempted to convert their catholic Romans by force to their Arianism.
Die Autobiographie Gustav Hänels in einer Handschrift der Leipziger Universitätsbibliothek – Edition und Kommentar
Authors: Schulz Daniela , Trump Dominik 
Published: June 2023

Summary

The Autobiography of Gustav Hänel in a Manuscript from the Leipzig University Library – Edition and Commentary. Gustav Hänel (1792–1878) was a law professor in Leipzig, and is still famous for his numerous editions of early medieval Roman law texts. Besides a huge corpus of letters, there is also a handwritten autobiography kept in the Leipzig University Library (Cod. Haen. 58) as part of Hänel’s estate today. This autobiography not only contains personal information, but bears witness to 19th century Europe (and beyond). Since the document has hitherto scarcely been considered by research, an edition is provided here for the first time ever.
Optimierung durch Strukturierung
Authors: Fritz Jürgen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Obwohl hochauflösende Sensoren die detaillierte Erfassung von numerischen Produkt- und Prozessparametern erlauben, stellen doch Textdaten den größten Anteil aller verfügbaren Daten in den meisten Unternehmen. Genutzt werden diese Daten viel zu wenig. In diesem Beitrag werden aufgezeigt, welche Möglichkeiten linguistische, statistische Techniken und insbesondere Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz im Bereich der Textanalyse bieten und wie diese sich konkret anwenden lassen.
Führung 2030
Authors: Ströhlein Karoline , Kandler Magnus , Ast Jonas , Nyhuis Peter , Lanza Gisela , Nieken Petra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Die zunehmende Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt stellt Mitarbeitende und Führungskräfte vor neue Herausforderungen. Kompetenzanforderungen ändern sich, die Personaleinsatzplanung wird komplexer und ein digitalisiertes Shopfloor Management wird benötigt. In diesem Fachbeitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Umfrage zu den Themen Kompetenzen, Personaleinsatzplanung und Shopfloor Management vorgestellt. Dabei werden zentrale Faktoren für eine hohe Akzeptanz zur erfolgreichen Durchführung von Shopfloor Management ermittelt. Ein wesentlicher Faktor hierbei ist die Führungskraft und ihre Moderation der Shopfloor-Management-Besprechungen entsprechend der wertebasierten Unternehmenskultur. Welche Kompetenzen hierbei benötigt werden, zeigt dieser Beitrag.
Wertstrommanagement im Zeitalter dynamischer Produktionssysteme
Authors: Frick Nicholas , Reintke Maximilian , Metternich Joachim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Um in der Dynamik heutiger Produktionssysteme angemessene Entscheidungen treffen zu können, sind aktuelle Informationen zum Status eines Wertstroms notwendig. Die Datenmengen in Unternehmen führen zu einer Dynamisierung der Produktionsabläufe und zwingen Wertstrommanager:innen zu kurzfristigen und zielgerichteten Anpassungen der Wertströme. Aufgrund des statischen Projektcharakters der konventionellen Wertstrommethode ist eine Weiterentwicklung zu einem dynamischen Managementansatz notwendig. Um diesen digital unterstützen zu können, werden die wichtigsten Aufgaben der Wertstrommanager:innen mithilfe eines Expert:innen-Interviews ermittelt und systematisiert.
Intelligente Kontexterfassung im Automobilumschlag
Authors: Jathe Nicolas , Lütjen Michael , Petzoldt Christoph , Boger Dmitrij , Freitag Michael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Eine zentrale Herausforderung bei der Mensch-Technik-Interaktion im Hinblick auf (teil-)autonome Arbeitsumgebungen ist es, ein intuitives Prozessverständnis zur Veranlassung von unterstützenden Aktionen zu schaffen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Einsatz von am Körper getragenen Bewegungssensoren zur Aktivitätserkennung mit dem übergeordneten Ziel der Prozesserkennung untersucht. Im Ergebnis werden ein Konzept vorgestellt sowie eine exemplarische Umsetzung innerhalb von Lager- und Transportprozessen beim Automobilumschlag evaluiert und diskutiert.
The illicit trade in antiquities is not the world's third-largest illicit trade: a critical evaluation of a factoid
Authors: Yates Donna , Brodie Neil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe claim that the illicit trade in antiquities is the third largest, second only to arms and narcotics, is widely repeated. But where does this claim originate and what is the evidence for its veracity? The authors present a ‘stratigraphic excavation’ of the claim by systematically searching through academic articles, popular press and policy literature to reveal the factoid's use and reuse over the past five decades. The authors find that the claim is not based on any original research or statistics, and it does not originate with any competent authorities. The analysis demonstrates how the uncritical repetition of unsubstantiated ‘facts’ can undermine legitimate efforts to prevent looting, trafficking and illicit sale of antiquities.