bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NETosis: Sculpting tumor metastasis and immunotherapy
Authors: Hu Yanyan , Wang Houhong , Liu Yang 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe process of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, called NETosis, is a peculiar death modality of neutrophils, which was first observed as an immune response against bacterial infection. However, recent work has revealed the unique biology of NETosis in facilitating tumor metastatic process. Neutrophil extracellular traps released by the tumor microenvironment (TME) shield tumor cells from cytotoxic immunity, leading to impaired tumor clearance. Besides, tumor cells tapped by NETs enable to travel through vessels and subsequently seed distant organs. Targeted ablation of NETosis has been proven to be beneficial in potentiating the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in the metastatic settings. This review outlines the impact of NETosis at almost all stages of tumor metastasis. Furthermore, understanding the multifaceted interplay between NETosis and the TME components is crucial for supporting the rational development of highly effective combination immunotherapeutic strategies with anti‐NETosis for patients with metastatic disease.
Possible systolic fascicular potentials in patients with left bundle branch block undergoing left bundle branch area pacing: A case series
Authors: Coluccia Giovanni , Accogli Michele , Parlavecchio Antonio , Palmisano Pietro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP), several methods allow determination of lead depth during active fixation inside the septum: among these, visualization of a Purkinje potential indicates that the subendocardial area has been reached. In LBB block (LBBB) patients, fascicular potentials are visible as presystolic only in rare conditions.Methods and ResultsSince October 2022 until August 2023, LBBAP was attempted in 21 patients with LBBB at our Center: among the 18 consecutive patients (86%) in which it was successful, focusing on the terminal part of the unipolar ventricular electrogram (VEGM) recorded in the LBBA (where fixation beats occurred and conduction system (CS) capture was confirmed), we always observed discrete high‐frequency, low‐amplitude signals during spontaneous rhythm with LBBB morphology, showing a consistent coupling with the QRS onset, falling in a portion of QRS interval ranging from 58% to 80% of its overall duration, and disappearing during pacing. As found in a recently published case report, these sharp signals could represent the activation of left ventricular CS fibers, occurring passively from the septal working myocardium, and thus appearing lately in the VEGM.ConclusionThe possibility of recognizing discrete high‐frequency, low‐amplitude signals within the terminal portion of the unipolar VEGM, possibly representing left CS potentials, even in patients with LBBB, may constitute a useful additional means to notice operators about having reached the LBBA, thus helping to avoid perforation in the left ventricle.
Rheological properties of high‐pressure treated xanthan gum and guar gum blend solutions: A response surface approach
Authors: Ahmed Jasim , Eqbal Md Danish 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this research, the impact of pressurization (300–600 MPa) on the oscillatory rheology of a blend of xanthan gum (XG) and guar gum (GG) in solution (XG/GG) was examined at a selected gum concentration using a response surface methodology. Three independent variables pressure (0.101–600 MPa) concentration (0.75%–1.25%), and temperature (40–70°C)—were employed to maximize the dynamic moduli (G′, G″, and η*) of the blend solutions. The developed model suggested that all the linear, two quadratics (concentration and temperature), and two interactions (concentration‐pressure and concentration‐temperature) terms were significant (p < 0.05) for the dynamic moduli (R2 = 0.99) with insignificant lack‐of‐fit. The pressure‐induced mechanical rigidity was found to be higher when compared with the heat‐treated solutions, which requires further comprehensive structural assessment to endorse the order–disorder transition produced by high pressure. The superposition principles correlating time–temperature and time–pressure adequately fit the pressurized blend solutions.Practical applicationsThe influence of high‐pressure on a blend of gum containing xanthan and guar has industrial significance by improving the structure/texture, and consistency of food products. The synergic action of gums enables them to act as a fat replacer and texture modifier in HP‐treated foods for special needs, in particular dysphagia diets.
Strategic detection of food contaminants using nanoparticle‐based paper sensors
Authors: Singh Karanveer , Aulakh Navneet Singh , Prakash Bhanu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFood is necessary for survival, and contamination can shorten humans' lives on Earth in all dimensions. Real‐time screening of food pollutants, such as toxins, infectious agents, and chemical contaminants, is in high demand today. Thus, a cost‐effective and ecologically benign technology must be developed to detect food contamination in a rapid fashion. Nanoparticle (NP)‐based paper sensors are one of the most important alternatives to traditional methods because these are simple, inexpensive, highly selective, and sensitive tools. This article provides an overview of NP‐based paper sensor techniques for detecting toxic food contaminants.
National culture and the revenue‐expense matching
Authors: Sunwoo Hee‐Yeon , Hyun Jeong‐Hoon , Oh Seungbin , Han Seung‐Youb 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrior studies on the link between country‐level cultural aspects and firms' arbitrary accounting practices are scant, and they show mixed results. To gain more insight about the impact of national culture on earnings characteristics, we exploit the matching concept between revenues and expenses, which well reflects managerial estimation and discretion in earnings quality. Using a large sample of 57 countries over the period 1989–2012, we find that (1) the economic association between revenues and expenses becomes stronger in firms from collectivistic and high uncertainty‐avoidant countries, (2) the impact of these dimensions of national culture on the matching is more salient for firms from countries characterized by a higher level of accrual accounting, a greater proportion of special‐items, and limited openness, and (3) the cultural impact on matching is mainly driven by the correlation between revenue and discretionary expense (i.e., selling, general, and administrative expense). These findings are consistent with the view that national culture plays an informal governance role to influence firms' discretionary accounting choices.
The use of deep learning state‐of‐the‐art architectures for oral epithelial dysplasia grading: A comparative appraisal
Authors: Araújo Anna Luíza Damaceno , Silva Viviane Mariano da , Moraes Matheus Cardoso , de Amorim Henrique Alves , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Sant'Ana Maria Sissa Pereira , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , Mariz Bruno Augusto Linhares Almeida , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , de Souza Lucas Lacerda , Saldivia‐Siracusa Cristina , Khurram Syed Ali , Pearson Alexander T. , Martins Manoela Domingues , Lopes Marcio Ajudarte , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDysplasia grading systems for oral epithelial dysplasia are a source of disagreement among pathologists. Therefore, machine learning approaches are being developed to mitigate this issue.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included a cohort of 82 patients with oral potentially malignant disorders and correspondent 98 hematoxylin and eosin‐stained whole slide images with biopsied‐proven dysplasia. All whole‐slide images were manually annotated based on the binary system for oral epithelial dysplasia. The annotated regions of interest were segmented and fragmented into small patches and non‐randomly sampled into training/validation and test subsets. The training/validation data were color augmented, resulting in a total of 81,786 patches for training. The held‐out independent test set enrolled a total of 4,486 patches. Seven state‐of‐the‐art convolutional neural networks were trained, validated, and tested with the same dataset.ResultsThe models presented a high learning rate, yet very low generalization potential. At the model development, VGG16 performed the best, but with massive overfitting. In the test set, VGG16 presented the best accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (62%, 62%, 66%, and 65%, respectively), associated with the higher loss among all Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) tested. EfficientB0 has comparable metrics and the lowest loss among all convolutional neural networks, being a great candidate for further studies.ConclusionThe models were not able to generalize enough to be applied in real‐life datasets due to an overlapping of features between the two classes (i.e., high risk and low risk of malignization).
Deep learning applied to the histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastomas and ameloblastic carcinomas
Authors: Giraldo‐Roldan Daniela , Ribeiro Erin Crespo Cordeiro , Araújo Anna Luiza Damaceno , Penafort Paulo Victor Mendes , Silva Viviane Mariano da , Câmara Jeconias , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , Martins Manoela Domingues , Oliveira Márcio Campos , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Lopes Marcio Ajudarte , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Moraes Matheus Cardoso , Vargas Pablo Agustin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOdontogenic tumors (OT) are composed of heterogeneous lesions, which can be benign or malignant, with different behavior and histology. Within this classification, ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) represent a diagnostic challenge in daily histopathological practice due to their similar characteristics and the limitations that incisional biopsies represent. From these premises, we wanted to test the usefulness of models based on artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of oral and maxillofacial pathology for differential diagnosis. The main advantages of integrating Machine Learning (ML) with microscopic and radiographic imaging is the ability to significantly reduce intra‐and inter observer variability and improve diagnostic objectivity and reproducibility.MethodsThirty Digitized slides were collected from different diagnostic centers of oral pathology in Brazil. After performing manual annotation in the region of interest, the images were segmented and fragmented into small patches. In the supervised learning methodology for image classification, three models (ResNet50, DenseNet, and VGG16) were focus of investigation to provide the probability of an image being classified as class0 (i.e., ameloblastoma) or class1 (i.e., Ameloblastic carcinoma).ResultsThe training and validation metrics did not show convergence, characterizing overfitting. However, the test results were satisfactory, with an average for ResNet50 of 0.75, 0.71, 0.84, 0.65, and 0.77 for accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1‐score, respectively.ConclusionsThe models demonstrated a strong potential of learning, but lack of generalization ability. The models learn fast, reaching a training accuracy of 98%. The evaluation process showed instability in validation; however, acceptable performance in the testing process, which may be due to the small data set. This first investigation opens an opportunity for expanding collaboration to incorporate more complementary data; as well as, developing and evaluating new alternative models.
A generalized Hotelling–Downs model with asymmetric candidates
Authors: Nikram Elham , Balkenborg Dieter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate an extension of the Hotelling–Downs model to the case where the preferences of the voters do not have to be single peaked. In the case where candidates only care about winning or losing, assuming that a voter elects each candidate symmetrically with equal probability when indifferent, previous works by Fisher and Ryan and by Laffond, Laslier, and Le Breton have shown that the equilibrium outcome of the model is unique. Uniqueness also holds in the case where candidates care about the strength of their majority. Our paper shows that furthermore the equilibrium is unique for small asymmetries in voter's behavior but not necessarily for large ones. In particular, if voters always vote for the incumbent rather than a newcomer when indifferent, the equilibrium policy outcome may fail to be unique. Moreover, we provide a further sufficient condition for uniqueness. Namely, suppose all voters vote for a given candidate with the same probability when indifferent. Then, if there is a Nash equilibrium in completely mixed strategies between the candidates, it is the only Nash equilibrium.
Detection of a PCR‐based mating type for native intraspecific Beauveria bassiana isolates
Authors: Chaithra M. , Prameeladevi T. , Kamil Deeba 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study developed a PCR‐based mating‐type analysis of 30 intraspecific Beauveria bassiana isolates after ITS phylogenetic analysis. Out of 30 isolates, only 11 B. bassiana isolates, viz., Bb4, Bb5, Bb11, Bb18, Bb19, Bb20, Bb23, Bb25, Bb27, Bb28, and Bb29, exhibited amplification of the mating‐type loci and were thought to be heterothallic. All of these isolates, with the exception of Bb20, had MAT1 mating‐type amplification. All these 11 isolates were clustered together with the MAT1‐ and MAT2‐specific reference strains of B. bassiana in the maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of mating‐type genes (IFO 31953 and IFO 31676, respectively). Although the PCR products obtained by the mating‐type assay were short, the phylogenetic trees of the mating‐type genes gave better resolution than that of the ITS region. Understanding the mating type of fungi can clarify the biological species concept and the identification of sex‐related genes in fungi without the presence of teleomorphs. So, combining phylogenetic, developmental, and mating research on each teleomorph specimen has the potential to clarify the systematics of Beauveria species.
The impacts of oral and gut microbiota on alveolar bone loss in periodontitis
Authors: Han Nannan , Li Xiaoyan , Du Juan , Xu Junji , Guo Lijia , Liu Yi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPeriodontitis, a chronic infectious disease, primarily arises from infections and the invasion of periodontal pathogens. This condition is typified by alveolar bone loss resulting from host immune responses and inflammatory reactions. Periodontal pathogens trigger aberrant inflammatory reactions within periodontal tissues, thereby exacerbating the progression of periodontitis. Simultaneously, these pathogens and metabolites stimulate osteoclast differentiation, which leads to alveolar bone resorption. Moreover, a range of systemic diseases, including diabetes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, can contribute to the development and progression of periodontitis. Many studies have underscored the pivotal role of gut microbiota in bone health through the gut‐alveolar bone axis. The circulation may facilitate the transfer of gut pathogens or metabolites to distant alveolar bone, which in turn regulates bone homeostasis. Additionally, gut pathogens can elicit gut immune responses and direct immune cells to remote organs, potentially exacerbating periodontitis. This review summarizes the influence of oral microbiota on the development of periodontitis as well as the association between gut microbiota and periodontitis. By uncovering potential mechanisms of the gut‐bone axis, this analysis provides novel insights for the targeted treatment of pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis.
The effect of auditory stimuli on the pain and physiological parameters of children on mechanical ventilation during aspiration procedure: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Demir Kübra , Konuk Şener Dilek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe study was conducted to determine the effect of mother's voice and music sound on pain and physiological parameters during aspiration procedure in children with mechanical ventilation support in the pediatric intensive care unit.Design and MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled type experimental study. According to the power analysis result of the sample of the study, 84 children who were treated in the pediatric intensive care unit of two university hospitals in Istanbul were formed. Introductory Information Form, Ramsey Sedation Scale, Physiological Parameter Form and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Pain Scale were used to collect data.ResultsWhen the pain results of the children were evaluated, the mean FLACC Pain Scale value of the children in the control group was found to be significantly higher than children in the mother's voice and music voice group (p < 0.05). It was determined that the lowest FLACC Pain Scale value was in the mother's voice group (p < 0.05). When the physical parameter results were evaluated, it was determined that the physiological measurement values of the children in the experimental group were positively affected (p < 0.05), there was a significant difference between the control group (p < 0.05) and the most effective result was in the mother's voice group (p < 0.05).Practice ImplicationsAllowing children to listen mother's voice and music during aspiration procedure reduces pain of the children, positively affects their physical parameter values and enhances quality of nursing care. The results of this study create a scientific basis for nursing practices in the clinical settings and contribute to the clinical practices by shedding a light on future evidence‐based studies.
Knowledge‐enhanced graph neural networks for construction material quantity estimation of reinforced concrete buildings
Authors: Fei Yifan , Liao Wenjie , Lu Xinzheng , Guan Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe construction material quantity (CMQ) is widely concerned in the structural design of reinforced concrete buildings and is often included among the objective functions of computer‐aided optimization design techniques. To minimize construction cost and carbon emissions, an accurate and efficient CMQ estimation method is timely required. In this study, a novel graph neural network (GNN) is proposed, whose architecture and loss function are specifically designed for CMQ estimation. With a heterogeneous feature fusion mechanism, the GNN can automatically extract features from all CMQ‐related information, in contrast to the existing data‐driven methods that rely heavily on manually selected features. By further incorporating a prior knowledge inclusion strategy, the GNN can avoid fundamental errors that might be encountered by purely data‐driven methods. To enrich the diversity of the CMQ dataset, a data augmentation method is proposed incorporating generative adversarial networks and parametric modeling. Numerical experiments and case studies show that the proposed CMQ estimation method is superior to the existing data‐driven methods in terms of accuracy and is 500 times faster than typical commercial structural design software. This study is anticipated to benefit the objective evaluation of computer‐aided design, thereby facilitating the promotion of low‐cost and low‐carbon‐emission building designs.
Canonical transcriptional gene silencing may contribute to long‐term heat response and recovery through MOM1
Authors: Torres José Roberto , Botto Javier F. , Sanchez Diego H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlant canonical transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) is involved in epigenetic mechanisms that mediate genomic imprinting and the suppression of transposable elements (TEs). It has been recognised that long‐term heat disrupts epigenetic silencing, with the ensuing activation of TEs. However, the physiological involvement of the TGS machinery under prolonged high temperatures has not yet been established. Here, we performed non‐lethal extended periodic heat stress and recovery treatments on Arabidopsis thaliana lines mutated on key TGS factors, analysing transcriptomic changes of coding‐protein genes and TEs. Plants bearing MET1, DRM2 and CMT3, and MOM1 mutated alleles showed novel transcriptional properties compatible with functionalities concerning the induction/repression of partially shared or private heat‐triggered transcriptome networks. Certain observations supported the idea that some responses are based on thermal de‐silencing. TEs transcriptional activation uncovered the interaction with specific epigenetic layers, which may play dedicated suppressing roles under determinate physiological conditions such as heat. Furthermore, physiological experimentation suggested that MOM1 is required to resume growth after stress. Our data thus provide initial evidence that at least one canonical TGS factor may contribute to plant acclimation and recovery from non‐lethal long‐term heat despite the stress‐induced epigenetic disturbance.
Asthma and landscape fire smoke: A Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand position statement
Authors: McDonald Vanessa M. , Archbold Gregory , Beyene Tesfalidet , Brew Bronwyn K. , Franklin Peter , Gibson Peter G. , Harrington John , Hansbro Philip M. , Johnston Fay H. , Robinson Paul D. , Sutherland Michael , Yates Deborah , Zosky Graeme R. , Abramson Michael J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLandscape fires are increasing in frequency and severity globally. In Australia, extreme bushfires cause a large and increasing health and socioeconomic burden for communities and governments. People with asthma are particularly vulnerable to the effects of landscape fire smoke (LFS) exposure. Here, we present a position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand. Within this statement we provide a review of the impact of LFS on adults and children with asthma, highlighting the greater impact of LFS on vulnerable groups, particularly older people, pregnant women and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. We also highlight the development of asthma on the background of risk factors (smoking, occupation and atopy). Within this document we present advice for asthma management, smoke mitigation strategies and access to air quality information, that should be implemented during periods of LFS. We promote clinician awareness, and the implementation of public health messaging and preparation, especially for people with asthma.