bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of In-Line Venous Saturation and Hematocrit Monitors in Pediatric Perfusion
Authors: Yaskulka Scott M. , Burnside Jeff , Bennett Denise , Olshove Vince , Langwell Jim 
Published: August 2023

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in neonates and infants routinely employs lower blood flow rates (BFR), temperatures, and hematocrits (Hct) than those typically observed in adult CPB. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three devices available for continuous inline measurement of venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) and Hct during pediatric CPB.
Venous blood samples were obtained over a range of BFR, temperatures, and Hct and analyzed on a Corning 2500 Co-Oximeter and HematoStat C-70 centrifuge. These values were then compared to those measured by the Bentley OxySat SM-0200, the Gish StatSat, and the 3M CDI 100 in-line monitors.
Seventy samples were obtained and analyzed using linear regression, paired t-test and residual analysis to establish the reliability and accuracy of each device. The results demonstrate the CDI to be more statistically accurate (p > 0.05) than the Gish and Bentley devices for measuring SvO2 in nearly all circumstances, though all correlated well with the control (r > 0.70). When comparing spun Hct to the CDI and Gish values, the CDI in-line monitor demonstrated a greater reliability to predict actual patient Hct (r > 0.90) than the Gish StatSat (r > 0.60). Residual analysis revealed that even though the Gish StatSat had higher calculated p values (p > 0.05) than the CDI 100 for interpreting Hct, it was shown to display more inconsistent and sporadic values over the ranges of BFR and temperature studied. It is concluded that the CDI I 00 proved to be more accurate, reliable, and consistent than the Gish StatSat and the Bentley Oxysat devices in determining SvO2 and Hct over all evaluated parameters in this study.
A Clinical Evaluation of the Terumo Capiox SX1BR Hollow Fiber Oxygenator
Authors: Dekkers Perry A. , Lawson D. Scott , Smigla Gregory R. , Shearer Ian R. 
Published: August 2023

The Terumo Capiox SX18R is a commercially available, low prime, reverse phase, hollow fiber membrane oxygenator. The oxygenator consists of a 1.8 m2 microporous polypropylene hollow fiber bundle, a 2200 cm2 tubular stainless steel heat exchanger. and an open hard shell venous reservoir with integral cardiotomy filter.
The Terumo Capiox SX 18R oxygenator was evaluated to determine its clinical oxygenating performance. Blood samples were drawn from 25 patients yielding 114 data points. The following parameters were recorded: blood flow, cardiac index, gas flow, gas to blood flow ratio, and oxygen fraction. Samples were assayed for hematocrit, hemoglobin, arterial and venous blood gas values, and venous oxygen saturation. The data and assay results were used to calculate arterial, venous, and membrane gas oxygen content, oxygen transfer, shunt fraction, and oxygen diffusion capacity.
The Terumo Capiox SX18R oxygenator performed adequately with sufficient oxygen transfer reserve and carbon dioxide clearance under a variety of clinical conditions for the tested population.
Correlation of ACT as Measured with Three Commercially Available Devices with Circulating Heparin Level during Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Niles Scott D. , Sutton Robin G. , Ploessl James , Pennell Beverly 
Published: August 2023

Automated activated clotting time (ACT) is utilized as the primary means of assessing anticoagulation status for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures. Influences on the clotting cascade during CPB such as hypothermia, hemodilution, and platelet dysfunction are known to affect ACT.
The recently introduced Thrombolytic Assessment System (T AS) has been reported to be less sensitive to changes in hemodilution and hypothermia during CPB than more conventional ACT devices. This study evaluated the ability of TAS, and two other commercially available automated ACT systems, the HemoTec and Hemochron, to correlate with circulating heparin levels. Reference standards for circulating heparin were determined by inactivation of factor Xa assay.
Nineteen patients undergoing moderate hypothermic CPB served as subjects for this investigation. Blood samples were obtained for study at four time periods: 1) baseline (control), 2) post heparin administration (300-400 U/kg) prior to CPB, 3) during CPB, and 4) post protamine. Study results demonstrated a high correlation between the HemoTec and Hemochron (r = 0.99), increased heparin dose response on CPB compared to pre-CPB activity (p < 0.05), and a significant (p<0.05) negative correlation between devices and patient hematocrit during CPB. Additionally, device correlation with anti-Xa assay during collection periods 2 and 3 showed negative correlations in each of the three devices evaluated.
We conclude that all automated devices tested demonstrated an inability to predict circulating heparin at levels necessary for CPB, and that these discrepancies become magnified during CPB procedures.
A Comparison of Static Occlusion Setting Methods: Fluid Drop Rate and Pressure Drop
Authors: Rath Thomas , Sutton Robin , Ploessl James 
Published: August 2023

Tubing circuits primed with water were constructed on two roller pumps to characterize and compare two static methods of setting the occlusion on roller pumps (fluid drop rate and pressure drop rate).
Twelve separate experiments were performed in which PVC boot tubing diameters (1/2 in, 3/8 in and 1/4 in), roller position (each roller alone on a two roller pump) and roller occlusion (total occlusion to 0.004 in underocclusion) were varied. Fluid drop rates were measured from two heights (30 in and 1 m) above the pump head where drops of 1 em and 1 in were timed for each occlusion setting. Pressure drop was measured by clamping the outlet tubing, injecting fluid into the tubing between the clamp and roller elevating the pressure to 300 mmHg and observing the rate that it dropped at each occlusion setting.
Fluid drop rate and pressure drop rate were positively correlated at all occlusion settings and tubing sizes (p < 0.001). Using a single roller occlusion and an optimal fluid drop rate of .5 to 1.5 cm/min. at 30 in height, pressure drops (mmHg/min.) were (mean± SD); 1/2 in tubing= 263 ± 33, 3/8 in= 241 ±52, 1/4 in= 264 ± 11. For a fluid drop rate of 1.27 to 3.81 cm/min. at 1m height, pressure drops were (mean± SD); 1/2 in= 266 ± 33, 3/8 in=278 ± 17, 114 in=274 ± 20. The occlusion settings or occlusion gap varied significantly (p < 0.001) between pumps and tubing sets. Thus, it appears as though pressure drop rate can predict fluid drop rate at just nonocclusive pump settings; however, the occlusion should be rechecked every time a different pump or boot tubing is used.
Automatic Control of Gas Exchange During Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Merz Scott I. , Montoya J. Patrick , Lee W. Anthony , Kolla Srinivas , Bartlett Robert H. 
Published: August 2023

An automatic control system was devised that regulates gas exchange during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The Automated Extracorporeal Gas Exchange System (AEGES) controls the blood flow rate and/or the flow of gas to the oxygenator in order to meet user-defined setpoints for PO2 and PCO2 of blood drained from the patient while maintaining safe pressures in the CPB circuit and/or the patient’s circulation. Venous blood gases were used as the basis for control because they reflect the amount of oxygen/CO2 consumed/produced by the patient given the present rate of delivery via CPB. In the event of an alarm or upon the perfusionist’ s command, AEGES reverts to manual control of blood flow and/or sweep flow.
AEGES was tested in a hypothermia model of CPB in sheep, where it successfully regulated PO2 and PCO2 within 5% of setpoint during cooling from 38 to 25°C. In order to control the blood gases to setpoints of PO2=45 mmHg and PCO2=40 mmHg in the venous drainage, AEGES reduced blood flow from 2.4 to 1.6 L/min and sweep flow from 2.2 to 0.7 L/min.
AEGES is intended to act as a tool for the perfusionist to assist in maintaining consistent blood gas conditions. AEGES can be integrated with other control systems (e.g., reservoir level control and blood temperature control), further automating the CPB procedure; however, in no way could this system replace the perfusionist.
Urethral Perfusion for Cryoablation of the Prostate
Authors: Huffman Suzanne M. , Newberry Jamie , Fristoe Lance W. , Stammers Alfred , Grune Martin 
Published: August 2023

Cryosurgery is an emerging treatment method for prostate cancer patients that may expand the scope of practice for perfusionists. Because of the low temperatures needed to cryogenically destroy cancerous tissue, damage to the urethra and bladder may cause incontinence and impotence. As a result of this associated morbidity, an extracorporeal circuit was constructed by the perfusionists at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (Omaha, NE). This urethral perfusion circuit provides a way to maintain normothermic urethral and bladder temperatures during cryogenic procedures, thus preventing trauma to the urethra and bladder.
Five patients with a mean age of 73.3 ± 3.0 years diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (Stage A, B, C) were offered cryosurgery using urethral perfusion to treat their cancer. After induction of general anesthesia, a specially designed urethral catheter was inserted. Quarter-inch tubing was attached to barbed connections on the catheter and the free ends were then attached to the circuit. This extracorporeal circuit consisted of a heater/cooler, a twin roller pump, a cardioplegia heat exchanger, and temperature and pressure monitoring devices at the inlet and outlet sites on the catheter. Normal saline was circulated through the tubing of the urethral perfusion circuit to maintain flow rates of 200-400 ml/min, with the circuit pressure not exceeding 300 mmHg.
Average urethral perfusion time was 139.3 ± 17.7 minutes. Inlet temperature of the catheter was kept at 42° C to maintain an average bladder temperature of 38.2 ± 2.3° C. All of the patients tolerated the procedure well and were ambulating without assistance on postoperative day one. With the exception of one patient with acute postoperative anuria, patients were discharged on the first postoperative day. Cryosurgery of prostate cancer using urethral perfusion has the potential to serve as a unique practice opportunity for perfusionists.
Schulen im (Klima-)Wandel – Handlungsfelder
Authors: Sobek Carolin , Ober Peggy , Vogel Mandy 
Published: August 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Grundlagen bewusster umweltbezogener Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen werden früh gelegt. Kindergärten und Schulen als Orte des gemeinsamen Lebens und Lernens können – neben dem Wissen – nachhaltige Normen und Werte vermitteln und festigen. Diese ermöglichen es den Kindern, Maßnahmen gegen den Klimawandel zu verstehen und als selbstverständlich in ihrem Leben zu akzeptieren. Schulverpflegung, Schulweg und Schulgärten sind einige mögliche Handlungsfelder. Sie können genutzt werden, Kinder für umweltrelevante Themen zu sensibilisieren und so auch zukünftigen Generationen eine lebenswerte Umwelt zu sichern.
Effect of Alirocumab Added to High-Intensity Statin on Platelet Reactivity and Noncoding RNAs in Patients with AMI: A Substudy of the PACMAN-AMI Trial
Authors: Ueki Yasushi , Häner Jonas D. , Losdat Sylvain , Gargiulo Giuseppe , Shibutani Hiroki , Bär Sarah , Otsuka Tatsuhiko , Kavaliauskaite Raminta , Mitter Vera R. , Temperli Fabrice , Spirk David , Stortecky Stefan , Siontis George C. M. , Valgimigli Marco , Windecker Stephan , Gutmann Clemens , Koskinas Konstantinos C. , Mayr Manuel , Räber Lorenz 
Published: August 2023

Objective The effect of the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitor alirocumab on platelet aggregation among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unknown. We aimed to explore the effect of alirocumab added to high-intensity statin therapy on P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) among AMI patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor (ticagrelor or prasugrel). In addition, we assessed circulating platelet-derived noncoding RNAs (microRNAs and YRNAs).
Methods This was a prespecified, powered, pharmacodynamic substudy of the PACMAN trial, a randomized, double-blind trial comparing biweekly alirocumab (150 mg) versus placebo in AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients recruited at Bern University Hospital, receiving DAPT with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor, and adherent to the study drug (alirocumab or placebo) were analyzed for the current study. The primary endpoint was PRU at 4 weeks after study drug initiation as assessed by VerifyNow P2Y12 point-of-care assays.
Results Among 139 randomized patients, the majority of patients received ticagrelor DAPT at 4 weeks (57 [86.4%] in the alirocumab group vs. 69 [94.5%] in the placebo group, p = 0.14). There were no significant differences in the primary endpoint PRU at 4 weeks between groups (12.5 [interquartile range, IQR: 27.0] vs. 19.0 [IQR: 30.0], p = 0.26). Consistent results were observed in 126 patients treated with ticagrelor (13.0 [IQR: 20.0] vs. 18.0 [IQR: 27.0], p = 0.28). Similarly, platelet-derived noncoding RNAs did not significantly differ between groups.
Conclusion Among AMI patients receiving DAPT with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor, alirocumab had no significant effect on platelet reactivity as assessed by PRU and platelet-derived noncoding RNAs.
A Study of the Current Scenario of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sonnenfeld Marina Martinelli , Nozaki Alexandre Massao , Genova Anelise Silva de , Ristow José Ricardo Weitz , Moura Tamiris Ferreira de , Cabral Rayanne Pereira , Garcia João Victor Almeida , Guimarães Camila Abdias , Oliveira André Luiz Malavasi Longo de , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the residency of gynecology and obstetrics in São Paulo.
Methods Cross-sectional study developed by representatives of residents of the Association of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the State of São Paulo (SOGESP, in the Portuguese acronym). Data were collected from questionnaires applied to gynecology and obstetrics residents registered on the SOGESP website in February 2022. The interviewees answered about the repercussions of the pandemic on medical residency and whether they had technical and psychological support during the period.
Results A total of 247 questionnaires were collected from residents of gynecology and obstetrics. The residents had an age of 28.3 ± 3 years old, and most of them were female (88.4%). The displacement to COVID care was reported by 62.34% of the students, but only 35.6% reported completely adequate personal protective equipment and only 7.7% reported complete theoretical and technical instruction to support these patients. Almost all of the interviewees stated that the gynecology sector was the most affected. The majority of the interviewees considered that the second-year residents had the greatest loss, and more than half of the residents in the 1st and 2nd year said they wished to give up their residency during the pandemic. More than 80% of the residents reported online theoretical classes and/or presentation of articles, reinforcing the fact that virtual activities gained a greater space within the medical residency.
Conclusion The pandemic impacted the residency in greater proportion in outpatient clinics and gynecological surgeries, also interfering with the physician's desire to continue with the program.
Unleashing the Power of Narratives: Crafting Compelling Homeopathic Case Reports—Part 2 of the Research Method Series
Authors: Dutta Abhijit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe case report is an essential genre in medical literature that presents unique clinical observations, findings, and outcomes of an individual patient. In the field of homeopathy, case reports hold significant value as they contribute to the growing body of evidence and provide insights into the extent of effect and applicability of homeopathic treatments in real-world scenarios. This article aims to provide guidance on how to write a comprehensive case report in homeopathy, highlighting key elements such as case selection, data collection, preparation, ethical considerations, and submission. The article emphasizes the importance of accurate and detailed documentation, adherence to reporting guidelines, and the role of case reports in advancing medical knowledge, guiding clinical decision-making, and inspiring further research. Additionally, it addresses the nuances of clinical photography, the de-identification process, and maintaining patient confidentiality. By following the recommended practices outlined in this article, homeopathic practitioners and researchers can effectively contribute to medical literature, enhance their clinical practice, and promote real-word homeopathic care.
Molecular dynamics simulation to reveal the transport mechanism of LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate + dimethylcarbonate binary solvent
Authors: Kiyobayashi Tetsu , Uchida Satoshi , Ozaki Hiroyuki , Kiyohara Kenji 
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the molecular dynamics simulation of 1 mol kg−1 LiPF6 in a binary solvent of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethylcarbonate, which is a representative electrolyte solution for lithium-ion batteries. The simulation successfully reproduced the diffusion coefficient, ionic conductivity, and shear viscosity as functions of EC content at 300 K, which had been experimentally determined in our previous study. The Yukawa potential was adopted to model intercharge interactions to reduce computational costs, which consequently allowed us to precisely calculate the conductivity and viscosity by directly integrating time-correlation functions without explicitly modeling the molecular polarization. Breaking down microscopic current correlation functions into components revealed that, whereas the cation–anion attractive interaction dominantly impedes the conduction when the EC content is low, it is the cation–cation and anion–anion repulsive interactions that reduce the conductivity at a high EC content. An analysis of the pressure correlations revealed that all components positively contribute to the viscosity in the binary solvent without the electrolyte. On the other hand, negative terms are observed in five out of six cross correlations in the presence of the electrolyte, implying that these correlations negatively contribute to the shear stress and entropy production, both of which are net positive.
A modular experimental system for teaching fluid dynamics with Faraday waves
Authors: Pedersen Henrik B , Abildgaard Albert Freud , Søtang Jacobsen Morten , Juul Henrik 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We describe a modular setup for the observation of Faraday waves on a vibrating bath. The setup will be used as a project exercise on fluid dynamics in a first-year course on experimental physics at Aarhus University as well as for future research on fluids. As a demonstration of the setup, the acceleration threshold for the onset of Faraday waves on a silicone oil bath as a function of the driving frequency is measured and compared to thresholds calculated using different existing models. The possibility to characterize surface waves with the system is demonstrated by recording and analyzing images of Faraday waves, e.g. showing explicitly that the Faraday waves in the present case are subharmonic and establishing the dispersion relation for the waves.
High-efficiency spin and valley filter in a monolayer WSe2 superlattice modulated by an anti-handed off-resonance circularly polarized light
Authors: Guo Y T , Fu X R , Ren B C , Yuan R-Y , Zheng J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We have theoretically studied spin and valley transport properties in an optically-controlled electromagnetic superlattice based on monolayer WSe2. Owing to the regulation of the anti-handed off-resonance circularly polarized light, we find that spin- and valley-dependent line-type resonant peaks appear in the transport forbidden region for small incident angles, so that

100
%

high-efficiency spin-valley polarization can be obtained. The result indicates that the high-efficiency spin and valley filter can be more conveniently implemented based on the 2D transition metal dichalcogenides superlattice. In addition, the number of spin- and valley-dependent line-type resonant peaks is tunable using an incident angle, gate voltage and the width of the modulated regions.
Flavor changing neutral current processes and family discrimination in 3-3-1 models
Authors: Oliveira Vinícius , de S Pires C A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In 3-3-1 models, anomaly cancellation requires that one of the three families of quarks transforms as triplet by

SU

3

L

, with the other two transforming necessarily as anti-triplet. This is an important feature of the model because, with it, we explain family replication. Thus it is mandatory to discriminate which of the families will transform as triplet by

SU

3

L

because the main consequence of anomaly cancellation in 3-3-1 models is the arising of processes violating flavor at the tree level by means of neutral currents mediated by gauge and scalar fields, and each case leads to different results. In this work, we consider the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos. Among the spectrum of 3-3-1 particles that contribute to the flavor changing neutral processes, there is a pseudoscalar that may be the lightest of the 3-3-1 particles, and this then should give the main contribution to such processes. We then calculate its contribution to the

K

0

−

K

¯

0

mixing transition and confront it with the current experimental results. We do this for the three cases in which one of the family of quarks transforms as a triplet by

SU

3

L

. According to our findings, each case leads to different constraints on the mass of the pseudoscalar, and the case in which the third family of quarks transforms as triplet seems to be the favoured one. We also obtain the most stringent bounds on the mass of the pseudoscalar of the model.
Nonlinear Hall effect in Rashba systems with hexagonal warping
Authors: Saha Soumadeep , Narayan Awadhesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rashba spin-orbit coupled systems are an important class of materials noted for diverse fundamental and applied phenomena. Recently, the emergence of non-linear Hall effect under conditions of time-reversal symmetry has been discovered in materials with broken inversion symmetry. In this work, we study the second- and third-order Hall response in Rashba systems with hexagonal warping. Starting with a low-energy model, we obtain the analytic expressions and discover the unique dipole profile in Rashba systems with hexagonal warping. Furthermore, we extend the analysis using a realistic tight-binding model. Next, we predict the existence of a third-order Hall effect in these systems, and calculate the Berry connection polarizability tensor analytically. We also show how the model parameters affect the third-order conductivity. Our predictions can help in the experimental realization of Berry curvature multipole physics in Rashba materials with hexagonal warping, and provide a new platform for engineering the non-linear Hall effects.