bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogeochemical monitoring of groundwater and surface water quality, East of Mount Cameroon and West of the Penda Mboko River, suitability for drinking and irrigation
Authors: Jude Ngai N , Wotany Engome Regina , Agyingi Christopher , Eitel Franck , Maffo Kankeu Gisele Aurore , Nelson Menti Agbor , Zacharie Armel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The physicochemical characteristics and implications on quality of water sources from volcanic and sedimentary aquifer systems of the study area were evaluated for management and sustainable development. Fifty samples were collected from hand dug wells, boreholes, rivers and springs. Physicochemical parameters were measured insitu and the major ions were analysed. The Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) and Total Hardness (TH) samples were within the permissible limit of WHO standards. Drinking water quality index (DWQI) values exhibited that 29 (58%) of the samples fell in excellent water quality category (Rank I). While 13 (26%) of samples revealed good water quality for drinking purposes (Rank II). Similarly, 3 (6%) (Rank III), 4 (8%) (Rank IV) and 2 (4%) (Rank VI) of the samples fell in fair, poor and unfit category, respectively. The dispersion of physicochemical variables of the groundwater and Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) in the study area were depicted. Results from Piper plot revealed that, Ca-Cl type is the dominant hydro-chemical facies. All samples were found in the rock dominance zone in Gibbs plots. The Wilcox diagram associating with sodium percent with total concentration shows that, 26% of the groundwater samples fell in the field of excellent and 74% of the groundwater samples fell in the field of good to permissible for irrigational purposes. No sample fell in the doubtful to unsuitable categories. The results showed that, majority of the groundwater samples were suitable for irrigational purposes based on Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP). All the samples were found in the excellent category. The Pearson correlation revealed that the majority of the parameters were positively correlated with each other.
Two coupled spins via Ising model as the working substance for quantum Carnot and Otto cycles
Authors: Valizadeh Neda , Mohammadzadeh Hosein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study the two coupled spin-1/2 and the two coupled spin-1 as working substance via Ising model for a quantum Carnot and Otto engine. We show that depending on the different values of the external magnetic fields and the coupling constant, the system acts as an engine or a refrigerator. The performance of the cycles depends on the values of the magnetic field and coupling constant.
Levels and Factors of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) among Female College Students
Authors: Yi Su Jeong , Kim Miok , Park Ina 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects women’s physical and mental health. Depression, stress, sleep disturbance, and eating attitude problems have been known to influence PMS. Furthermore, restrictions of daily life due to the COVID-19 pandemic have led to changes in sleep patterns and eating attitudes. Thus, it is necessary to closely examine how these factors affect PMS. This study aimed to examine the levels of PMS, stress, depression, sleep disturbance, and eating attitude problems among female college students who experience dysmenorrhea and determine the factors associated with PMS.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey design was conducted using a convenience sample of 143 female college students in C City, South Korea. Differences in participants' level of PMS according to physical health variables (e.g., smoking, water intake, menstrual pain intensity) and psychological issues (i.e., stress, depression, sleep disturbances, and eating attitude problems) were assessed with independent sample t-tests and one-way ANOVAs. Correlational analyses between these variables were also conducted. Additionally, multiple regression was performed to identify the factors influencing PMS.
Results: PMS severity was between normal (27.3%) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) (72.7%). PMS was associated positively with depression (r=.284, p=001), stress (r=.284, p=.001), sleep disturbance (r=.440, p< .001), and eating attitude problems (r=.266, p=.001). Additionally, menstrual pain intensity (β=.204), sleep disturbances (β=.375), and eating attitude problems (β=.202) were found to influence PMS. The regression model was significant (F=16.553, p<.001) with an explanatory power of 24.7%.
Conclusions: Considering the influencing factors of PMS identified in this study, interventions for participants experiencing PMS should be made. We propose that further study should be conducted to examine whether the severity of PMDD changes according to menstrual pain, the pattern and degree of its change, and the paths through which sleep quality and eating attitude problems affect PMS.
Preparedness of Nigerian Medical Students for an Era of Precision Medicine – A Cross-Sectional Survey in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ogamba Chibuzor F. , Roberts Alero A. , Ajudua Sharon C. , Akinwale Mosopefoluwa O. , Jeje Fuhad M. , Ibe Festus O. , Afolayan Moses M. , Kuyinu Yetunde A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Advances in precision medicine in Nigeria call for a need to improve genomics education and competency among healthcare practitioners to facilitate clinical translation. Due to the paucity of research in this area, this study aimed to assess the preparedness of Nigerian medical students to integrate precision medicine into their clinical practice.
Methods
This was an institution-based cross-sectional study of 300 4th to 6th-year medical students attending the two fully-accredited colleges of medicine in Lagos, Nigeria between April and October 2022 using an adapted tool administered via Google Forms. The survey assessed awareness, perceived knowledge, ability, and attitudes toward precision medicine as well as ethical concerns and perceptions about their education in precision medicine.
Results
Awareness of precision medicine terminologies was high (92.0%). Respondents had above-average median knowledge and ability scores and high median attitude scores. Respondents expressed concerns mostly about the misuse of genomic data (35.7%) and the possible widening of socioeconomic disparities (34.0%). Although respondents thought that it is important to learn about precision medicine (65.0%), only 11.3% felt that their education had adequately prepared them.
Conclusion
These highlight a poor sense of preparedness and the need to improve precision medicine education among Nigerian medical students.
Masakhane Web: A Machine Translation Platform for African Languages
Authors: Gitau Catherine , Kabongo Salomon , Modupe Abiodun , Marivate Vukosi , Sindane Thapelo , Lastrucci Richard , Dzingirai Isheanesu .J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Low-resource languages pose a particularly difficult challenge to neu-ral machine translation (NMT), and there appears to be insufficient machine translation (MT) systems to support African language accessibility. Masakhane Web, an NMT system for African languages, is proposed in this paper. Our approach is an open-source platform that is free, flexible, and produces reasonably accurate translations for African languages. The platform makes use of Masakhane community-trained MT models. It enables users to generate new data by providing feedback on translations, which is then used to retrain the models to improve them. Ultimately, our goal is to create a platform that can provide accurate translations for African languages and make the process of creating MT models easier for those who lack the technical expertise. Furthermore, we include strategies for domain experts to evaluate the system and explain how the platform can be used as a data collection source to improve MT for African languages.
A large pelvic stone with cystic wall urothelial carcinoma in a 65 - year - old male: a case report
Authors: Shen Jinhong , Xue Liang , Liu Wei , Zhao Yan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:The case of a huge pelvic stone with cystic wall urothelial carcinoma is extremely rare. The disease has no specific clinical manifestation, and its formation mechanism is unclear. There is no relevant literature report at present.Case introduction:In this report, a 65-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to frequent urination for more than 5 years and hematuria for half a year. After admission, computed tomography(CT) showed a high-density shadow mass with a diameter of 61mm in the pelvic cavity and soft tissue density at the edge. However, cystoscopy did not show any stones in the bladder or any neoplasms in the bladder wall. After the relevant preparations were completed, laparoscopic surgery was performed to remove the whole pelvic mass. Complete dissection of the cyst wall of the mass showed a giant stone with a smooth surface inside. Stone analysis revealed carbonate apatite and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate. At a 3-month follow-up, the patient was in good condition with no urination discomfort.Conclusions:The case of a huge high-density pelvic stone with cyst wall urothelial carcinoma is extremely rare. Combined with the examination after admission, it is speculated that it may come from "ectopic bladder" or normal bladder tissue, but the specific mechanism of the formation of this disease needs to be further studied. Our report can provide reference for similar cases of pelvic calculus in the future.
Cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer: the manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis
Authors: Yao Guo-Liang , Ying-Jie Tao , YG Fan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer is very rare. The understanding of this disease is fragmentary. It is still unclear about its clinical manifestation of cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer. This situation delayed diagnosis and treatment, followed by poor prognosis. Here we firstly report a case–cohort study based on network to improve the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed was performed. All studies on cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer were collected. The publication date was limited from 2000 to the present, and the language was limited to English. SPSS 26.0 was employed for statistical analysis. Results Seventy-two cases were included. The average patient age was 60.0 ± 16.0 years old. In total, 72.2% of the patients were male. The most common manifestation was nodular skin lesions (45.8%). The metastases always presented as multiple lesions (61.1%). The most common metastasis location was the thoracoabdominal wall (56.9%). A total of 64.7% of the patients simultaneously had extracutaneous metastases. Most of the tumors were poorly differentiated carcinoma (87.5%), and 66.1% had signet ring cell. A total of 40.8% of the cutaneous metastases presented as primary manifestations. Only 9.6% had their diagnosis as soon as the cutaneous metastasis emerged. Systemic chemotherapy (65.6%) was the most common treatment strategy, followed by radical surgery (12.5%). The median overall survival was only 6 months. The median overall survival of 5 patients with resected tumors was 48 months (chi2 = 10.574; P = 0.001). Conclusion Cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer usually manifests as an emerged nodule or erysipelas-like skin lesion. Resection of the cutaneous lesion could be helpful to those with local metastases.
Pan-cancer analysis of the cuproptosis-related gene DLD
Authors: Lin Jiahui , Wang Guowei , Cheng Sha , Hu Yanan , Li Huan , Feng Wanjiang , Liu Xiaoming , Xu Canxia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Cancer affects millions of people each year and imposes a huge economic and social burden worldwide. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered novel mode of cell death. The exact function of the cuproptosis-related gene DLD and its role in pan-cancer is unknown.
Methods: Data were retrieved from the GTEx, TCGA and multiple online websites. These data were used to assess the expression, prognosis and diagnostic value of DLD in various tumors. The relationship of DLD with immune microenvironment immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, tumor mutational load (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) and oncology drug sensitivity was explored by correlation analysis.
Results: The mRNA and protein expression of DLD differs in most cancers. Survival analysis showed that DLD was associated with prognosis with KIRC, KIRP, KICH, and UCS. DLD had strong diagnostic value in KIRC, GBM, PAAD, and LGG (AUC>0.9). DLD promoter methylation affects aberrant expression of LIHC, LUSC, PAAD, READ and THCA. DLD was negatively correlated with stromal score, immune score and ESTIMATE score in UCEC, TGCT, LUSC and SARC. In UCS, resting memory CD4 T cells and activated NK cells were significantly correlated with DLD expression. Significant correlations were also observed between DLD expression and immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, TMB and MSI in various cancers. Importantly, we also identified a number of potential drugs that may target DLD.
Conclusion: DLD expression is associated with a variety of tumor prognoses and plays an integral role in tumorigenesis, tumor metabolism and immunity.
New Applications of Fractional Differential Equations by General Integral Transforms
Authors: Akgül Ali , Gökkaya Zehra , Abbas Muhammad , Abdullah Farah Aini 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Some important integral transforms: Laplace, Sumudu, Elzaki, Natural, Aboodh, α-Integral Laplace, Pourreza, Mohand, Sawi, Kamal and G-transform are introduced in this paper, which they use to obtain analytical solutions of fractional differential equations (FDEs). Firstly, we define each of these integral transforms and explain the differentiability, linearity and convolution property of these transforms. Finally, we take the help of these integral transforms to obtain the analytical solution of inhomogeneous FDEs.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 44A10; 35J05; 31A10; 31B10; 35A22
The nitrogen price of improved wheat yield under climate change
Authors: Martre Pierre , Dueri Sibylle , Guarin Jose , Ewert F , Webber Heidi , Calderini Daniel , Molero Gemma , Reynolds Matthew , Miralles Daniel , Garcia Guillermo , Brown Hamish , George Mike , Craigie Rob , Cohan Jean-Pierre , Deswarte Jean-Charles , Slafer Gustavo , Giunta F , Cammarano Davide , Ferrise Roberto , GAISER Thomas , Gao Yujing , Hochman Zvi , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Hunt Leslie A , Kersebaum Kurt , Nendel Claas , Padovan Gloria , Ruane Alex , Stella Tommaso , Supit Iwan , Srivast Amit , Thorburn Peter , Wang Enli , Wolf Joost , Zhao Chuang , Zhao Zhigan , Asseng Senthold 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Increasing global food demand will require more food production without further exceeding the planetary boundaries, while at the same time adapting to climate change. We used an ensemble of wheat simulation models, with sink-source improved traits from the highest-yielding wheat genotypes to quantify potential yield gains and associated N requirements. This was explored for current and climate change scenarios across representative sites of major world wheat producing regions. The sink-source traits emerged as climate neutral with 16% yield increase with current N fertilizer applications under both current climate and mid-century climate change scenarios. To achieve the full yield potential, a 52% increase in global average yield under a mid-century RCP8.5 climate scenario, fertilizer use would need to increase fourfold over current use, which would unavoidably lead to higher environmental impacts from wheat production. Our results show the need to improve soil N availability and N use efficiency, along with yield potential.
Off-label Uses of Cordis 6F Right Coronary Diagnostic Catheters During Peripheral Interventions
Authors: Arokiaraj Mark Christopher 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Cordis 6F Thrulumen Judkins right coronary diagnostic catheters can be used in peripheral interventions involving various circumstances. The author describes certain clinical situations, wherein these catheters were used for off-label indications in various peripheral arterial and venous interventional procedures. In certain cases, there are technical advantages in treating the lesion like quick engagement, accessibility and lesion crossing characteristics’, and in some cases backed up by reduction in interventional procedure time and contrast volume. In these cases’ 6F right Judkins (RCA) catheter was used when the target artery dimension was about 5.5mm or less.
“An impact of Wi-Fi irradiation on the gut microbiome of rats”
Authors: Saliev Timur , Kozhakhmetov Samat , Nurgaziyev Madiyar , Jarmukhanov Zharkyn , Mureyev Shamil , Kushugulova Almagul , Fazylov Timur , Fakhradiyev Ildar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The research on the bio-effects caused by Wi-Fi radiation has been mainly focused on the reproductive, nervous, and cardio-vascular systems. However, a comprehensive investigation of the influence of Wi-Fi on the gut microbiome has not been done yet. The ultimate goal of the study was to investigate the effect of Wi-Fi radiation on the gut microbiome of rats. The Wistar rats have been subjected to the Wi-Fi radiation. Changes in the microbiome composition were studied over 30 days after irradiation. The DNAs were isolated from the faeces samples and sequenced. A complete bioinformatics analysis was carried out. It was found out that on the 14th day of Wi-Fi irradiation, the biodiversity of the intestinal microflora decreased. We observed a significant decrease in the number of Bifidobacteria from the first day of the experiment. Wi-Fi exposure caused the growth of bacteria of the genus Helicobacter. In addition, there was also an increase in the number of opportunistic pathogens of the Flavobacteriia class. The findings indicate the ability of Wi-Fi radiation to modulate the activity of gut micro-organisms that might affect the health status in the long perspective.
International mental health disparity: the correlation between national development level and burden of mental disorders
Authors: ZHU Huijie , JIANG Haojun , ZHU Zhiping , YAO Zhaoyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Mental illness had been a worldwide concern. Global Mental Health (GMH) had become a movement to fight for Global health inequality. In low-income country, mental health infrastructure and services are not provided equitably to people with mental disorders.
Methods
We used the data of global burden of 204countries from 1990 to 2019 in Global Burden of Disease database. The Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) due to mental disorders was treated as an indicator of national mental health. By using the GBD Results Tool toolkit provided by the Institute of Health Measurement and Evaluation, we retrieved and visualized the data in global burden of disease data. In addition, we used correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between the burden of mental illness and the level of national development.
Results
It is found that, mental health had been a global issue which showing a gradual upward trend. There is a significant positive and moderate correlation between national development and the burden of mental disorder. The better the national development, the higher the YLDs Rate caused by mental disorders. The burden of mental illness in low-income countries is not high, but the rate of increase is relatively fast, while the burden of mental illness in low- and middle-income countries is relatively high, but the rate of decrease is apparent.
Conclusions
Although there is a positive correlation between the national development level and the national burden of mental illness, the study found that the burden of mental disorders (as measured by YLD’s) in developed countries was high and declining, compared to developing countries where the burden was lower but growing. It is high time to notice that mental health had been a global issue. Global mental health movement should be done to narrow the gap between different countries, especially in developing countries.
Advantages of whole-exome sequencing over immunomapping in 67 Brazilian patients with Epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Stephan Bruno de Oliveira , Barbosa Silvia Maria Macedo , Polastrin Rita Tiziana Verardo , Oliveira Zilda Najjar Prado , Rivitti Maria Cecília , Spolador Gustavo Marquezani , Honjo Rachel Sayuri , Saida Ken , Matsumoto Naomichi , Kim Chong Ae , Bertola Debora Romeo , Kelmann Samantha Vernaschi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is characterized by skin fragility and blistering. In Brazil, the diagnosis is usually obtained through immunomapping, which involve skin biopsy procedures. Most recently, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) has become an important tool for the diagnosis of the subtypes of EB, providing information on prognosis as well as allowing appropriate genetic counseling for the families.
Objective: To compare the results of immunomapping and molecular analysis and to describe the characteristics of a Brazilian cohort of patients with EB.
Methods: Patients were submitted to clinical evaluation and WES using peripheral blood samples. WES results were compared to those obtained from immunomapping testing by skin biopsy.
Results: 67 patients from 60 families were classified: 47 patients with recessive dystrophic EB (DEB), 4 with dominant DEB, 15 with EB simplex (EBS) and 1 with junctional EB (JEB). Novel causative variants were: 10/60 (16%) in COL7A1associated with recessive DEB and 3 other variants in dominant DEB; one homozygous variant in KRT5 and another homozygous variant in PLEC, both associated with EBS. Immunomapping was available for 59 of the 67 patients and the result was concordant with exome results in 37 (62%), discordant in 13 (22%) and inconclusive in 9 patients (15%).
Conclusion: Although immunomapping has been useful in services where molecular studies are not available, this invasive method may provide a misdiagnosis or an inconclusive result in more than 1/3 of the patients. This study shows that WES is an effective method to the diagnosis and genetic counseling of EB patients.
Isolation, biological and whole Genome Characteristics of a Proteus mirabilis Bacteriophage Strain
Authors: Hao Xirui , Cen Xin , He Min , Wen Yongping , Zhang Huanrong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Proteus mirabilis is a zoonotic bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceaefamily and is naturally resistant. Studies have shown that drug resistance in Proteus mirabilis is increasing and there is an urgent need for antimicrobial alternatives to antibiotics.Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and are ubiquitous in the natural environment. Bacteriophages have a specific targeting effect on bacteria, and lyse the host bacteria with little impact on other flora. In this study, four strains of Proteus mirabilis phages were successfully isolated from the sewage of a chicken farm in Sichuan, China, and the biological and genome-wide characteristics of one of the strongest lytic phages Q29 were clarified, and the functional genes and phylogenetic evolution of Q29 phages were studied by comparative genomic analysis. The results showed that the head of Proteus mirabilis bacteriophage Q29 is icosahedral symmetrical, with a diameter of 95 nm and a tail length of 240 nm. Phage Q29 is stable in the range of 37 ℃ to 55 ℃ and under pH 4 to pH 9. The optimal MOI stands at 0.001. The results of one-step growth curve indicates that the incubation period is about 15 min, the outbreak period is about 35 min, and the average cleavage quantity is about 60 PFU/cell. Phage Q29 has a total length of 58 664 bp and encodes 335 ORFs. It does not carry antibiotic resistance genes. Genetic evolutionary analysis showed that the phage was a member of the family Caudalidae and the genus Myotail. This paper provides a good research material for the further development ofProteus mirabilis bacteriophage biologics.