bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts
Authors: Eldahshory A. I. , Emara Karim , Abd-Elhady M. S. , Ismail M. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of this research is to produce oil from the catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene (WPP) using a low-cost natural catalyst. Three natural catalysts were examined, i.e. Kaolin, Hematite, and white sand. Different catalyst-to-plastic ratios were examined, i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8. The utilized catalysts were elementally analyzed using the XRF analysis and the surface area was analyzed by the BET multi-point method. The WPP thermal degradation behavior was investigated by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), then the generated liquid oil was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermal cracking without a catalyst produced a yield of 70 wt% of liquid oil, and the maximum oil yield in case of using Hematite and white sand as a catalysts were 70 wt% and 68 wt%, respectively. However, the ratio of 1:2 of the Kaolin to the WPP produced the highest oil yield of 80.75 wt%, and the ratio of 1:8 of the white sand to the WPP produced the highest gas yield, i.e. 44 wt%. Using Kaolin in the catalytic pyrolysis of WPP produced oil with the lowest percentage of heavy oils, i.e. 25.98%, and the highest percentage of light oils, which is 25.37%, when compared to other catalysts such as Hematite and white sand. Kaolin has the lowest cost of oil production compared to Hematite and white sand, which is 0.28 $/kg of oil. Kaolin is an economical catalyst that improves the quality, as well as the quantity of the produced oil in comparison to Hematite, white sand and the non-catalytic case.
A clustering-based competitive particle swarm optimization with grid ranking for multi-objective optimization problems
Authors: Ye Qianlin , Wang Zheng , Zhao Yanwei , Dai Rui , Wu Fei , Yu Mengjiao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe goal of the multi-objective optimization algorithm is to quickly and accurately find a set of trade-off solutions. This paper develops a clustering-based competitive multi-objective particle swarm optimizer using the enhanced grid for solving multi-objective optimization problems, named EGC-CMOPSO. The enhanced grid mechanism involved in EGC-CMOPSO is designed to locate superior Pareto optimal solutions. Subsequently, a hierarchical-based clustering is established on the grid for improving the accuracy rate of the grid selection. Due to the adaptive division of clustering centers, EGC-CMOPSO is applicable for solving MOPs with various Pareto front (PF) shapes. Particularly, the inferior solutions are discarded and the leading particles are identified by the comprehensive ranking of particles in each cluster. Finally, the selected leading particles compete against each other, and the winner guides the update of the current particle. The proposed EGC-CMOPSO and the eight latest multi-objective optimization algorithms are performed on 21 test problems. The experimental results validate that the proposed EGC-CMOPSO is capable of handling multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) and obtaining superior performance on both convergence and diversity.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) alleviates the poly(I:C)-induced inflammatory response in human primary cell cultures
Authors: Sano Hitomi , Kratz Anton , Nishino Taiko , Imamura Haruna , Yoshida Yuki , Shimizu Noriaki , Kitano Hiroaki , Yachie Ayako 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNMN is the direct precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and is considered as a key factor for increasing NAD+ levels and mitochondrial activity in cells. In this study, based on transcriptome analysis, we showed that NMN alleviates the poly(I:C)-induced inflammatory response in cultures of two types of human primary cells, human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) and human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). Major inflammatory mediators, includingIL6and PARP family members, were grouped into coexpressed gene modules and significantly downregulated under NMN exposure in poly(I:C)-activated conditions in both cell types. The Bayesian network analysis of module hub genes predicted common genes, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B (EIF4B), and distinct genes, such as platelet-derived growth factor binding molecules, in HCAECs, which potentially regulate the identified inflammation modules. These results suggest a robust regulatory mechanism by which NMN alleviates inflammatory pathway activation, which may open up the possibility of a new role for NMN replenishment in the treatment of chronic or acute inflammation.
Detection of heavy metal contamination in Batlama Stream (Turkiye) and the potential toxicity profile
Authors: Altunkaynak Fikriye , Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin , Yalçin Emine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, heavy metal pollution in Batlama stream flowing into the Black Sea from Giresun (Turkiye) province and the toxicity induced by this pollution were investigated by Allium test. Heavy metal concentrations in stream water were analyzed by using ICP-MS. Germination percentage, weight gain, root length, micronucleus (MN), mitotic index (MI), chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), proline, chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzyme activities were used as indicators of physiological, cytogenetic and biochemical toxicity. In addition, Comet assay was performed for detecting DNA fragmentation. Anatomical changes caused by heavy metals in the root meristem cells were observed under the microscope. A. cepa bulbs are divided into two groups as control and treatment. The bulbs in the control group were germinated with tap water and the bulbs in the treatment group were germinated with stream water. As a result, heavy metals such as Al, Ti and Co and radioactive heavy metals such as Rb, Sr, Sb and Ba were detected in the stream water above the acceptable parametric values. Heavy metals in the water caused a decrease in germination, root elongation, weight gain, MI and chlorophyll values, and an increase in MDA, proline, SOD, CAT, MN and CAs values. Comet assays indicated the presence of severe DNA damage. In addition, heavy metals in stream water caused different types of CAs and anatomical damage in root meristem cells. As a result, it was determined that there is intense heavy metal pollution in the stream water and this pollution promotes multi-dimensional toxicity in A. cepa, which is an indicator organism. For this reason, the first priority should be to prevent pollution of water resources in order to prevent heavy metal-induced toxicity in water.
Secure medical image transmission using deep neural network in e‐health applications
Authors: Alarood Ala Abdulsalam , Faheem Muhammad , Al‐Khasawneh Mahmoud Ahmad , Alzahrani Abdullah I. A. , Alshdadi Abdulrahman A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, medical technologies have developed, and the diagnosis of diseases through medical images has become very important. Medical images often pass through the branches of the network from one end to the other. Hence, high‐level security is required. Problems arise due to unauthorized use of data in the image. One of the methods used to secure data in the image is encryption, which is one of the most effective techniques in this field. Confusion and diffusion are the two main steps addressed here. The contribution here is the adaptation of the deep neural network by the weight that has the highest impact on the output, whether it is an intermediate output or a semi‐final output in additional to a chaotic system that is not detectable using deep neural network algorithm. The colour and grayscale images were used in the proposed method by dividing the images according to the Region of Interest by the deep neural network algorithm. The algorithm was then used to generate random numbers to randomly create a chaotic system based on the replacement of columns and rows, and randomly distribute the pixels on the designated area. The proposed algorithm evaluated in several ways, and compared with the existing methods to prove the worth of the proposed method.
Risk‐averse optimal operation of an on‐grid photovoltaic/battery/diesel generator hybrid energy system using information gap decision theory
Authors: Poorseyed Seyed Mojtaba , Askarzadeh Alireza 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on risk‐averse‐based optimal operation of a grid‐connected hybrid energy system (HES) composed of photovoltaic (PV), diesel generator, and battery storage system (BSS). For this goal, information gap decision theory (IGDT) is used to model load demand uncertainty. The aim of the optimal operation is to minimize cost of PV/diesel/BSS by optimal determination of the power purchased from the electricity grid. Since in the risk‐averse strategy, load demand has an undesirable impact on the objective function, the decision maker attempts to maximize the uncertainty radius in a way that any deviation of the uncertain parameter leads to an objective function value which is not worse than the critical value. Over the case studies (considering different radiations), simulation results indicate that in the risk‐neutral strategy, at high, medium, and low radiations, the operation cost is 28.88, 36.10, and 42.63$, respectively. In the risk‐averse strategy, when the radiation is high, by increase of the deviation factor from 0.1 to 0.25, the optimal uncertainty radius increases from 6.98% to 15.72% (increase of around 125%) and the operation cost increases from 31.768 to 36.101$. When the radiation is low, by increase of the deviation factor from 0.1 to 0.25, the uncertainty radius increases from 8.64% to 16.9% (increase of around 96%) and the operation cost increases from 46.895 to 53.291$.
The AMIGA sample of isolated galaxies
Authors: Sánchez-Alarcón P. M. , Román J. , Knapen J. H. , Verdes-Montenegro L. , Comerón S. , Rich R. M. , Beckman J. E. , Argudo-Fernández M. , Ramírez-Moreta P. , Blasco J. , Unda-Sanzana E. , Garrido J. , Sánchez-Exposito S. 
Published: July 2023

Context.In the standard cosmological model of galaxy evolution, mergers and interactions play a fundamental role in shaping galaxies. Galaxies that are currently isolated are thus interesting because they allow us to distinguish between internal and external processes that affect the galactic structure. However, current observational limits may obscure crucial information in the low-mass or low-brightness regime.Aims.We use optical imaging of a subsample of the AMIGA catalogue of isolated galaxies to explore the impact of different factors on the structure of these galaxies. In particular, we study the type of disc break as a function of the degree of isolation and the presence of interaction indicators such as tidal streams or plumes, which are only detectable in the ultra-low surface brightness regime.Methods.We present ultra-deep optical imaging in therband of a sample of 25 low-redshift (z < 0.035) isolated galaxies. Through careful data processing and analysis techniques, the nominal surface brightness limits achieved are comparable to those to be obtained on the ten-year LSST coadds (μr,lim≳ 29.5 mag arcsec−2[3σ; 10″ × 10″]). We place special emphasis on preserving the low surface brightness features throughout the processing.Results.The extreme depth of our imaging allows us to study the interaction signatures of 20 galaxies since Galactic cirrus is a strong limiting factor in the characterisation of interactions for the remaining 5 of them. We detect previously unreported interaction features in 8 (40% ± 14%) galaxies in our sample. We identify 9 galaxies (36% ± 10%) with an exponential disc (Type I), 14 galaxies (56% ± 10%) with a down-bending (Type II) profile, and only 2 galaxies (8% ± 5%) with up-bending (Type III) profiles. Isolated galaxies have considerably more purely exponential discs and fewer up-bending surface brightness profiles than field or cluster galaxies. We find clear minor merger activity in some of the galaxies with single exponential or down-bending profiles, and both of the galaxies with up-bending profiles show signatures of a past interaction.Conclusions.We show the importance of ultra-deep optical imaging in revealing faint external features in galaxies that indicate a probable history of interaction. We confirm that up-bending profiles are likely produced by major mergers, while down-bending profiles are probably formed by a threshold in star formation. Unperturbed galaxies that slowly evolve with a low star formation rate could induce the high rate of Type I discs in isolated galaxies.
The Effect of Clinical Pilates Exercises and Prenatal Education on
Maternal and Fetal Health
Authors: Reis Yıldız Akdaş , Akay Arife , Aktan Berrin , Tetik Sinan , Fıratlıgil Fahri Burçin , Kayıkçıoğlu Fulya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective The mental, physical and sexual health of women as well as
maternal and fetal health should be considered during the prenatal and postnatal
periods. Investigating the effect of clinical Pilates exercises and prenatal
education (CPE & PE) on obstetric and neonatal outcomes as well as the
mental, physical, and sexual health of women was intended.
Methods In the second trimester, mothers with singleton pregnancies who
attended (n=79, study group) or did not attend (n=80, control
group) CPE & PR were recruited to this prospective cohort study, and
were evaluated in the prenatal and postnatal periods. Depression was assessed
with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), sexual functions with Female Sexual
Function Index (FSFI), muscle strength with Gross Muscle Scales (GMS), and labor
pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In addition, the presence of low back
pain (LBP) was questioned.
Results No significant association of CPE & PE with obstetric
outcomes such as cesarean rates, preterm birth, and neonatal outcomes such as
birth weight and Apgar scores were identified. Changes in VAS scores, the
incidence of perineal trauma, and episiotomy were not associated with CPE
& PE. However, CPE & PE was associated with lower BDI scores, a
gradual increase in the total scores of FSFI, increased GMS, and reduced
LBP.
Conclusion CPE & PE had no adverse effects on obstetric and
neonatal outcomes and was associated with improved mental, physical, sexual
health scores during pregnancy and postpartum.
Bauchdeckenstraffungen und Hidradenitis suppurativa (Acne inversa) bei Patienten nach massivem Gewichtsverlust
Authors: Ziegler Ulrich Eugen , Sakova Petronela , Reith Hans Bernd 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungPostbariatrische Operationen nach massivem Gewichtsverlust (MWL) sind mit erhöhten Minor- und Major-Komplikationen (17–55%) vergesellschaftet. Liegt zusätzlich eine langjährige
Leidensgeschichte einer Hidradenitis suppurativa/Acne inversa (HS) im Unterbauch- und Leistenbereich vor, können infektionsbedingte Komplikationen in nahe 100% auftreten. Diese erfordern ein
differenziertes prä-, intra- und postoperatives Therapieregime.Von 2010 bis 2021 erfolgten bei n = 12 (Frauen n = 8 [66,6%], Männer n = 4 [33,3%]) entweder eine konventionelle (Pittsburg Rating Scale [PRS] Grad 2, n = 6) oder
Fleur-de-Lis-(FDL-)Abdominoplastik (PRS Grad 3, n = 6) nach massivem Gewichtsverlust. Alle Patienten hatten gleichzeitig eine langjährige HS am Unterbauch/Leistenbereich (Hurley-Klassifikation
Grad 2: n = 10, Grad 3: n = 2). Die Prävalenz lag bei 1,09%.In einem Follow-up, das 12 Monate nach der Bauchdeckenstraffung erfolgte, wurden die postoperativen Minor- und Major-Komplikationen in Zusammenhang mit möglichen Risikofaktoren gebracht
(Alter, Art der Gewichtsabnahme, Nikotinabusus etc.).Das mittlere Alter betrug 45,2 Jahre (± 10,3), der mittlere BMI zur Operation 33,24 kg/m2 (± 8,7), der durchschnittliche BMI-Verlust lag bei 19,01 kg/m2 (± 5,9) und
der maximale BMI vor Gewichtsabnahme zeigte 52,25 kg/m2. Die Hidradenitis suppurativa bestand im Durchschnitt seit 31,5 Jahren, und n = 2 (16,6%) hatten aktuell eine medikamentöse
Therapie dagegen. Bei allen Patienten lagen noch weitere Lokalisationen am Körper vor und bei 66,6% erfolgte bisher mindestens eine operative Behandlung der HS. Nikotinabusus bestand aktuell
bei 42,0%. Die durchschnittliche Operationszeit lag bei 98 min und die mittlere Resektatmenge betrug 2210 g. Die allgemeine Komplikationsrate betrug 83,0% (n = 10). Von den 12 Patienten hatten
8 Major-Komplikationen mit erneuter Operation in Narkose. Keiner hatte ein infiziertes Hämatom, keiner einen Abszess/Infektion und keiner eine akute Nachblutung innerhalb von 24 h
postoperativ.Schwere infektionsbedingte Weichteilkomplikationen, wie sie nach gängiger Meinung zu erwarten wären, traten bei keinem der Patienten mit dem von uns vorgestellten Antibiotikaregime auf.
Eine Inspektion der Bauchdecke und Leistenregion 4 Wochen vor dem geplanten Eingriff ist empfehlenswert, um ggf. präoperativ eine Therapie der HS einzuleiten.
Advances in Nickel-Catalyzed O-Arylation of Aliphatic Alcohols and Phenols with (Hetero)aryl Electrophiles
Authors: Stradiotto Mark , Morrison Kathleen M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransition-metal catalysis has been consequential in enabling carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions. Recent breakthroughs in Ni-catalyzed cross-couplings have offered competitive and, in some cases, superior reactivity to Pd- or Cu-based processes. Amidst the ongoing renaissance in this field, the Ni-catalyzed C–O cross-coupling of alcohols and (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halides has surfaced as an effective strategy for the synthesis of (hetero)aryl ethers. Methodologies to achieve such transformations tend to rely on one of three catalytic approaches: (i) thermal conditions often accompanied by ancillary ligand design tailored for Ni catalysis; (ii) the synergistic combination of photoredox and Ni catalysis; or (iii) electrochemically driven Ni catalysis. In some instances, these protocols have provided access to expanded C–O cross-coupling substrate scope, including the use of inexpensive and abundant electrophile coupling partners (e.g., (hetero)aryl chlorides). This Short Review aims to summarize recent progress in the development of Ni-catalyzed O-arylations of primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic alcohols, as well as phenols, with (hetero)aryl electrophiles.1	Introduction2	Thermally Promoted Ni C–O Cross-Coupling2.1	Primary and Secondary Aliphatic Alcohols2.2	Tertiary Aliphatic Alcohols2.3	Phenols3	Photochemically Promoted Ni C–O Cross-Coupling3.1	Primary and Secondary Aliphatic Alcohols3.2	Phenols4	Electrochemically Promoted Ni C–O Cross-Coupling4.1	Primary and Secondary Aliphatic Alcohols5	Conclusions and Outlook
Effect of Plate–Bone Distance and Working Length on 2.0-mm Locking Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in a Diaphyseal Fracture Gap Model: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Evans Alecia , Glyde Mark , Day Rob , Hosgood Giselle 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of plate–bone distance (PBD) and working length on 2.0-mm locking compression plate (LCP) stiffness and strain in four-point bending and torsion in a diaphyseal fracture gap model.
Study Design A total of 54 LCP with three screws per fragment were assigned to one of nine combinations of working length (WL; short, medium, and long), and PBD (1, 1.5, and 3 mm) for a sample size of six per construct configuration. Stiffness was measured under quasistatic, nondestructive four-point compression bending and torsion. Plate surface strain was recorded using three-dimensional (3D) digital image correlation during four-point compression bending.
Results WL had a significant effect on overall construct stiffness in both compression bending and in torsion, with shorter WL constructs having higher stiffness (p < 0.0001). PBD had no effect on construct stiffness in compression bending; however, a significant reduction in stiffness was noted in torsion (p = 0.047) as PBD incrementally increased. WL had a significant effect on plate strain in compression bending, with shorter WL constructs having lower plate strain (p < 0.0001). PBD had no effect on plate strain in compression bending except for lower plate strain recorded in long WL constructs with 1-mm PBD, compared with 1.5- and 3-mm PBD constructs (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion Longer WL constructs, regardless of PBD, had lower stiffness in compression bending, while in torsion, some modulation of this effect was noted with incremental decreases in PBD. Longer WL resulted in high plate strain, regardless of PBD.
A construction method of the quasi-monolithic compact interferometer based on UV-adhesive bonding
Authors: Lin Xiang , Yan Hao , Ma Yiqiu , Zhou Zebing 
Published: July 2023

Quasi-monolithic interferometers play a crucial role in high-precision measurement experiments, including gravitational wave detection, inertial sensing, vibrometry, and seismology. Achieving high stability and accuracy in such interferometers requires a method for bonding the optical components to a baseplate. While optical contact bonding and silicate bonding are common methods, UV adhesives offer advantages such as controlled curing and low geometrical requirements for optical components and baseplates. This paper presents a detailed construction method for a quasi-monolithic compact interferometer based on UV-adhesive bonding. We built two types of interferometers using this method: a 100 × 100 × 20 mm3 Mach–Zender homodyne interferometer with unequal arm lengths of about 100 mm for laser frequency noise monitoring and a heterodyne interferometer as a displacement sensing head, sizing 20 × 30 × 20 mm3. Our Mach–Zender interferometer achieved a phase noise level of 2μradHz at 1 Hz and an equivalent laser frequency noise monitoring sensitivity of about 1kHz/Hz at 1 Hz. The compact heterodyne interferometer sensing head showed a sensitivity level of 1pm/Hz in translation and 0.2nrad/Hz in two tilts above 0.4 Hz. Our tests demonstrate that quasi-monolithic compact interferometers based on UV-adhesive bonding can achieve high sensitivity levels at the pico-meter and nano-radian scales.
Transcorporeality in 21st-century mermaid tales
Authors: Wesseling Elisabeth 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter takes its cue from the dominant presence of the mermaid trope in 21st-century media culture. It opens with a sampling of contemporary mermaid figurations, which are driven by the desire to break out of the Romantic paradigm as shaped by Hans Christian Andersen’s The Little Mermaid and its various Disney adaptations. This paradigm is premised on a heteronormative love plot, with a rigid gender binary and a persistent emphasis on the superiority of humans over more-than-humans. In 21st-century adaptations, it is the other way around, but a mere reversal of a hierarchy does not suffice for breaking out of a binary system. The chapter concludes with a close textual analysis of Lampje by Annet Schaap, a Dutch children’s novel that projects a world in which humans, animals, and things intra-act with each other on an equal footing, moving beyond human exceptionalism.
No-go theorems for hairy black holes in scalar- or vector-tensor-Gauss–Bonnet theory
Authors: Matsumoto Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we show a no-go theorem for static spherically symmetric black holes with vector hair in Einstein-Λ-Vector-Tensor-Gauss–Bonnet theory where a complex vector field non-minimally couples with Gauss–Bonnet invariant. For this purpose, we expand metric functions and radial functions of a vector field around the event horizon, and substitute the expansions into equations of motion. Demanding that the equations of motion are satisfied in each order, we show that the complex vector field vanishes on the event horizon. Moreover, when the event horizon is degenerated, it is also implied that the complex vector field vanishes on and outside the horizon. In addition, we study the case in which the vector field non-minimally couples extra, and examine the no-hair theorem with different coupling functions.