bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Determinants of Birth Rate in Romania. A Spatial Analysis
Authors: Cimpoeru Smaranda , Pisică Andrei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to determine the factors influencing the birth rate in Romania, by incorporating explicitly the spatial factor in the proposed models. The study is justified by the dramatic fall of the birth rate over the past three decades. With a negative natural population growth and an increasing number of emigrants, the population will become older and there will be a few million less in the next decades. To achieve the objective, various spatial modelling methods were used, such as Spatial AutoRegressive Model (SAR), Spatial Error Model (SEM), Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and a spatial panel data model. The data granularity is at the county level for the year 2020. Results show that GDP per capita and the amount of financial support received by families for raising a child have a significant effect on the birth rate. Using a spatial approach for modelling the birth rate, we reveal demographic problems that may exist in certain areas and identify the regions that would require a policy to stimulate birth rates.
The Impact of the Standard of Living on Digital Performance in the European Union
Authors: Bănescu Carmen-Elena , Țiţan Emilia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Digital Economy and Society Index can be considered a complex indicator that measures the digital performance of the European Union. This indicator has undergone some methodological changes, precisely to be permanently aligned with the European Union’s development strategies but especially with technological development. The aim of the paper is to highlight the impact of the standard of living and its components on digital performance at the level of the European Union. Moreover, the paper will analyse the current state of digital performance at the level of the European Union. The results can serve as a policymaking tool to facilitate the implementation of the digitalisation project at the European level.
In this article, hierarchical clustering was used to define groups of countries from the perspective of digitalisation. Ward’s algorithm determined four homogeneous clusters that were presented in the analysis. This approach serves as a hypothesis to test the correlation between digital performance and living standards. Thus, with the help of the linear correlation coefficient, a strong positive relationship was identified between the Human Development Index and the Digital Economy and Society Index. Moreover, at the level of the Human Development Index components, it was identified that individual well-being and education correlate linearly with the Digital Economy and Society Index; therefore, the analysis was completed with a multiple regression to verify this dependence. The last part of the case study is represented by the classic linear regression model, which confirms the hypothesis that living standards influence digital performance.
A Review on Fatigue Performance of Concrete Structures Part I: Loading Parameters, Current Prediction Models and Design Approaches
Authors: Afaghi Mohammad , Anja B. E. Klausen , Arve Øverli Jan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This review paper highlights the most fundamental state of knowledge regarding the fatigue of concrete that is available through the literature over the last decades and reveals the areas that are needed for further investigation. The loading factors influencing the fatigue performance and the fatigue life estimation of concrete structures are taken into consideration. This review explores the impact of eight loading parameters on the fatigue life of concrete structures, and we aimed to be succinct in our investigation. Besides, we present a review on the deterministic and probabilistic approaches for fatigue life prediction. For example, in more recent studies, the utilization of machine learning techniques has been shown to outperform the traditional methods. The review gives adequate insight into the approach of some of the main current design codes for fatigue life prediction of concrete.
Assessment of Effective and Minimal Slab Widths for Evaluating the Shear Capacity of RC Overhang Slabs
Authors: José Javier Veganzones Muñoz Dr. , Pacoste Costin , Karoumi Raid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effective width is a relevant parameter for the design of bridge overhang slabs under concentrated loads. Experimental tests have been used to assess expressions for its calculation. However, the load capacity increases with the width until a transition area is reached. Test specimens may have lacked enough width to reach full shear capacity, affecting thus the evaluation of the results. On the other hand, within the transition area, a threshold value has been hypothesized to match the effective width. This paper aims to provide recommendations for minimal widths that guarantee the full capacity of overhang slabs and to assess the calculation of the effective width by means of the threshold value and other formulations. The effect of the edge beam is also considered. A campaign of validated non-linear FE-simulations based on experiments on range of width-span ratios was performed. The results suggest using a width-span ratio of at least 4.0 for slabs without an edge beam and 5.3 for slabs with an edge beam for the experimental practice. The efficiency of the formulation for the effective widths is diffuse and the use of threshold value leads to unsafe predictions. Instead, linear-elastic FE-analyses are recommended for the design practice.
Depression in Sjögren’s syndrome mediates the relationship between pain, fatigue, sleepiness, and overall quality of life
Authors: Costa Tiago , Rushton Stephen P , Watson Stuart , Ng Wan-Fai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) includes many extra-glandular symptoms such as fatigue, pain, sleepiness and depression, which impact on quality of life (QoL). These symptoms also influence each other and could be linked by autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation. Our aim was to model the role of putative predictive variables, including depression in the relationships between ANS function, fatigue, and QoL in SS.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data from the multicentre UK primary SS registry. The Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale (COMPASS) was used to assess autonomic function, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess anxiety and depression and the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) to assess QoL. Validated scales were used for other clinical variables. Using multiple regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM), we investigated how the QoL of people with SS is impacted by the direct and indirect effects of fatigue, sleepiness, depression, symptom burden and ANS function, and their interactions.

Results
Data was obtained for 1046 people with SS, 56% COMPASS completers. Symptoms of ANS dysregulation were common. Participants with ANS dysregulation had more severe depression, anxiety, dryness, fatigue, pain, sleepiness and QoL (P < 0.01 for all). Depression, anxiety, dryness, and pain were independent predictors of ANS function in the multiple regression model (P < 0.05 for all). ANS function could not be included in the SEM. The SEM model had good fit to the data (comparative fit index = 0.998) and showed that, in people with SS, depression mediates the effects of pain, fatigue and sleepiness on QoL.

Conclusion
Our results show that diagnosing and treating depression in people with SS could have direct positive impact on QoL, and significantly ameliorate the impact of fatigue and pain.
Mobilitätswende in Deutschland – E-Mobilität als Mittel der Wahl
Authors: Wisbert Helena Sophie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In contrast to other sectors, such as air traffic, the transition towards CO2-neutral mobility in the car sector is within reach, but there is still a long way to go. Now the question arises: What role does e-mobility play in Germany today and in the future? The authors analyse the importance of the model policy in the various market segments, the price development, and the framework conditions as levers for the ramp-up of e-mobility. The article further examines why synthetic fuels will not be able to play any significant role in the decarbonisation of the passenger car sector in the near future. Although the electric car has become mainstream, the conditions for a flourishing market must be created.
Langfristige Herausforderungen für die Verkehrsinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Authors: Hirte Georg , Tscharaktschiew Stefan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We discuss future challenges to road transport infrastructure. These are related to maintenance, autonomous transport and the financing of infrastructure. We state that maintenance investments are mainly relevant and necessary to avoid a strong reduction in accessibility; autonomous driving will not allow for the reduction in infrastructure investment. A share of revenue from a kilometer tax and city charges will be used to finance road infrastructure and cross-finance other infrastructure.
Eingebaute Solidarität: „Starke Schultern“ finanzieren Entlastungen in Krisenzeiten
Authors: Isaak Niklas , Jessen Robin , Schmidt Christoph M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In times of exceptionally severe crises, it may be necessary for the state, in the spirit of solidarity, to cushion the financial burdens borne by lower-income households. To do so, it might be necessary to use discretionary policies in addition to automatic stabilizers. High inflation caused by the Russian war of aggression on Ukraine is one such crisis. Since the state has no financial resources of its own, it can only do so - apart from stretching the burden over time - through increased redistribution from upper to lower incomes. What are the effects of this additional government redistribution along the income distribution when considering not only the expenditures for the discretionary relief packages, but also the revenues used for this purpose - which can only be quantified via economic modeling?
Technologische Souveränität: Begriff und Voraussetzungen im transatlantischen Kontext
Authors: Dierker Wolfgang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In uncertain geopolitical times, demand is high for political concepts to grasp the unfolding change and give direction. To Europeans and Germans, the presidency of Donald Trump, the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russian war of aggression in Ukraine have all demonstrated how dependent they are from other states and regions in the world. This is particularly true for technology in sectors such as health, energy, defense and digital. In order to reduce these dependencies,”technological sovereignty“ has become a key concept - some say a buzz word - in the political debate in Europe. In this article, we analyse prominent views of technological sovereignty particularly in Germany, and suggest a definition and three-pronged analysis framework to understand the key political challenges in implementing the concept. In today‘s highly connected world order, there is no sovereignty without a measure of interdependence. For Germany and Europe, this translates into a “transatlantic sovereignty“ in close alignment with the USA as a principal partner.
Der Wert von Sicherheit und nationaler Verteidigung
Authors: Lohse Tim , Börger Tobias , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Qari Salmai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To assess preferences for measures that strengthen security and defense as a public good, discrete choice experiments are a promising approach. For Germany, such a survey-based experiment reveals a strong preference for the installation of a European air defense system, but also for an increase in the troop size of the German military by 25% as well as the creation of a European army. For these changes, there is an aggregate willingness to pay of approximately 11.5 billion euros. Approval and willingness to pay vary by party preference. However, the reintroduction of compulsory military service is overwhelmingly rejected.
Frauenfußball: Stand und Perspektiven eines (lange) vernachlässigten Sports
Authors: Keller Berndt 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
After a quick look at the history, the paper deals with the beginning of (semi-) professionalisation in the 1990s.The first section describes the advancing commercialisation and its far-reaching consequences since the early 2010s. The second section analyses the economic conditions (spectators, budgets, sale of media rights, sponsors). A brief outlook on development prospects concludes the article.
Combustion Intensification Mechanism in a Vortex-Tube Reactive Flow
Authors: Ren Shoujun , Jones William P. , Wang Xiaohan , Tian Bo 
Published: July 2023

The combustion intensification mechanism was revealed in a stratified vortex-tube combustor. The results show that a triple-flame structure is formed in this combustor and the peak heat release is located exactly at the triple-point position. The peak heat release rates in the five selected representative cases studied in this paper are all over [Formula: see text]. The stability limit is wide, and the lean stability limit is always lower than 0.2. The decreased mixing length and decreased velocity difference between the fuel and oxidant streams delay the mixing process and then bring about a stratified distribution of species. This is crucial for the generation of a triple-flame structure and the corresponding high species concentration in the vicinity of the reaction zone under lean conditions. The Damköhler numbers on the lines across the triple points were calculated with values above 1.0 in each of the cases, indicating that the species’ transport time is longer than the chemical reaction time. Therefore, the transport flux of species determines the final combustion strength. The synergistic coupling of the flowfield and species field gives rise to a large transport flux of the key species in the vicinity of the reaction zone. The results show that the corresponding fuel transport flux is large, with values all over [Formula: see text]. This is the principal reason for the high combustion intensity in this combustor. The different transport fluxes of the critical species are responsible for the different chemical reaction strengths on the triple point in each of the different cases.
Pendaftaran Tanah Untuk Pertama Kali Secara Elektronik Dalam Hukum Pertanahan Nasional
Authors: Prasetya Fikahati , Mahfud Muh. Afif 
Published: July 2023

Modernisasi pelayanan pertanahan berbasis elektronik merupakan sarana peningkatan indikator kemudahan pelayanan publik kepada masyarakat. Hal tersebut diterapkan dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Untuk menjamin kepastian hukum hak atas tanah, maka dilakukan kegiatan pendaftaran tanah yang merupakan rangkaian kegiatan administrasi pertanahan dalam mengumpulkan serta mengolah data fisik dan yuridis. Permasalahan yang dibahas ialah bagaimana tahapan dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam pendaftaran tanah tanah untuk pertama kali secara elektronik dalam hukum pertanahan nasional. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis. Untuk jenis data yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah data sekunder. Tahapan penerbitan sertifikat elektronik ada 2 tahapan yaitu yang pertama penerbitan sertifikat elektronik untuk pertama kali dan yang kedua penerbitan dilakukan melalui penggantian sertifikat analog menjadi sertifikat elektronik untuk tanah yang sudah terdaftar. Kendala yang dihadapi yaitu keengganan masyarakat untuk mendaftarkan tanahnya yang disebabkan oleh beberapa hal. Modernization of electronic-based land services is a means of increasing indicators of ease of public service to the community. This is implemented by optimizing the use of information and communication technology. To ensure legal certainty of land rights, land registration activities are carried out which are a series of land administration activities in collecting and processing physical and juridical data. The problem discussed is how the stages and obstacles encountered in registering land for the first time electronically in the national land law. This type of research is analytical descriptive. The type of data used in this article is secondary data. There are 2 stages in the issuance of electronic certificates, namely the first is the issuance of electronic certificates for the first time and the second is the issuance is carried out by replacing analog certificates with electronic certificates for registered land. The obstacle faced is the reluctance of the community to register their land.
A Genetic Programming Based Heuristic to Simplify Rugged Landscapes Exploration
Authors: Pietropolli Gloria , Menara Giuliamaria , Castelli Mauro 
Published: July 2023

Some optimization problems are difficult to solve due to a considerable number of local optima, which may result in premature convergence of the optimization process. To address this problem, we propose a novel heuristic method for constructing a smooth surrogate model of the original function. The surrogate function is easier to optimize but maintains a fundamental property of the original rugged fitness landscape: the location of the global optimum. To create such a surrogate model, we consider a linear genetic programming approach coupled with a self-tuning fitness function. More specifically, to evaluate the fitness of the produced surrogate functions, we employ Fuzzy Self-Tuning Particle Swarm Optimization, a setting-free version of particle swarm optimization. To assess the performance of the proposed method, we considered a set of benchmark functions characterized by high noise and ruggedness. Moreover, the method is evaluated over different problems’ dimensionalities. The proposed approach reveals its suitability for performing the proposed task. In particular, experimental results confirm its capability to find the global argminimum for all the considered benchmark problems and all the domain dimensions taken into account, thus providing an innovative and promising strategy for dealing with challenging optimization problems. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-01 Full Text: PDF
Architectural Model and Modified Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) for Boat Traffic Monitoring and Transport Detection Systems in Shallow Waters
Authors: Saputra Diaz , Gaol Ford Lumban , Abdurachman Edi , Sensuse Dana Indra , Matsuo Tokuro 
Published: July 2023

Monitoring the movement of boats in shallow waters requires a real-time monitoring system. However, for small-size wooden boats, they are still monitored manually, and data is unavailable in real time, which makes it difficult to effectively monitor them. The integration of IoT platforms with the boat monitoring system is a challenging task, especially in the transport system. This paper has the objective of developing an architectural model of a modified LoRaWAN-based boat monitoring system that is connected to a GPS-based mobile device and base station. The proposed architectural model is an integration of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and LoRaWAN networks, which are also tested in real time to solve the boat traffic monitoring issues. The field tests with parameters of signal transmission, location coordinates, and position of the boats are also presented. The analysis result shows the proposed model is suitable for waters with high noise levels, especially in shallow water and delta rivers. The signal noise can be reduced by extracting the real-time data. In addition, signal interference can be minimized. The performance of this system is also compared to the reference system in real conditions, which shows an adequate correlation result. This proof of concept forms an important basis for deploying it for large-scale applications and commercialization capabilities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-011 Full Text: PDF
Brand Experience on Brand Attachment: The Role of Interpersonal Interaction, Feedback, and Advocacy
Authors: Hongsuchon Tanaporn , Rahardja Untung , Khan Asif , Wu Tsung-Hao , Hung Chung-Wen , Chang Ruey-Hsing , Hsu Chung-Hao , Chen Shih-Chih 
Published: July 2023

Value co-creation profoundly affects brand experience, human interaction rules, and customer behavior performance and is a recurring theme in research in the field of virtual brand communities. Studies have determined an influence model for value co-creation, but there is a dearth of research on the impacts of value co-creation activities on brand attachment. This study built a mediation theoretical research framework on value co-creation theory, brand experience, and brand attachment. The purpose of this study is to explore the significance of value co-creation activities on brand experience. Furthermore, this study intends to measure the impact of brand experience on brand attachment. Additionally, this study intends to investigate the mediation role of brand experience in the relationship between value co-creation and brand attachment. This study analyzed 512 data collected by structural equation modeling using registered users of the OPPO community as participants. The results of this empirical test show that the three dimensions of value co-creation (interpersonal interaction, feedback, and advocacy) have a positive effect on brand experience and that brand experience has a positive and significant impact on brand attachment and mediates the relationship between value co-creation and brand attachment. The findings of significance for management are the identification of factors that enhance value co-creation in virtual brand communities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-014 Full Text: PDF
Stand up Against Bad Intended News: An Approach to Detect Fake News using Machine Learning
Authors: Fahad Nafiz , Michael Goh K. O. , Hossen Md. Ismail , Shahriar Shopnil K. M. , Mitu Israt Jahan , Alif Md. A. Hossain , Tee Connie 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this approach is to find out the effects and efficiently detect fake news by using a publicly available dataset. However, it is difficult for human beings to judge an article's truthfulness manually, which is why This paper mainly wanted to cure the effect and to found out an automated fake news detection system with benchmark accuracy by using a machine learning classifier, which must be higher than other recent research works. In essence, this work’s target is to find out an efficient way to detect fake and real news, and it also the target is to compare with existing work where researchers used machine learning classifiers and deep learning architecture. The proposed approach depended on a systematic literature review and a publicly available dataset where 7796 news data are recorded with 50% real and 50% fake news. The best and benchmark accuracy is 93.61%, achieved by the Support Vector Machine (SVM) among the used Random Forest, Decision Tree, KNN, and Logistics Regression classifiers, and the achieved accuracy is better than the exciting recent research works. Moreover, fake news is detected, people are able to differentiate between fake or real news, and effects are cured when people used SVM. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-015 Full Text: PDF