bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of one‐to‐one versus group counseling on uptake of postpartum contraception in selected hospitals in Ghana: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Asah‐Opoku Kwaku , Mumuni Kareem , Ameme Donne Kofi , Mohammed Abdul Gafaru , Samba Ali , Nkyekyer Kobinah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effect of one provider to one client counseling and one provider to a group client counseling on the uptake of postpartum contraception.MethodsThis was a hospital‐based prospective cohort study among women attending a postpartum clinic at Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital and Greater Accra Regional Hospital. Postpartum mothers were recruited daily from April 1, 2017 to November 28, 2017. Mothers from this cohort that used a contraceptive method within a year postpartum were determined at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after recruitment. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses.ResultsOf 982 women surveyed, contraceptive uptake among women who received one‐to‐one counseling was 306/600 (51.0%) and that for women who received group counseling was 48/382 (12.6%) (P < 0.001). Factors associated with contraceptive uptake during postpartum period were: one‐to‐one counseling (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.94–10.07), mothers' age (aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.98), being single (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.35–0.85), cohabiting (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.22–0.69), and previous use of contraception (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.12–2.15).ConclusionOne‐to‐one counseling was associated with a significantly greater uptake of contraception during the postpartum period compared with group counseling. Other factors associated with uptake were age, marital status, and history of contraceptive use.
Current developments of ambulatory pharmaceutical care in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Arab Omaima O. , Alshaya Omar A. , Almeleebia Tahani M. , Shorog Eman M. , Alzuman Sitah , Alqahtani Abdulaziz , Alsalman Khaled J. , AlRuwaisan Rana A. , Alzahrani Wed , Omaer Abubker , Aldosari Fahad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe evolving specialty of ambulatory care pharmacy practice under the clinical pharmacy profession in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has blossomed recently. It has provided patient‐centered care in multiple areas such as medication therapy management, anticoagulation, diabetes management, and immunization that advanced over the past two decades. In light of the Saudi Vision 2030, the ambulatory care pharmacy practice awaits tremendous opportunities with expected challenges that require consequential efforts and vigilant planning by clinical pharmacists and concerned governmental and non‐governmental bodies.ObjectivesDescribe the current and future development of ambulatory care pharmacy services in KSA and propose a scheme for collaborative practice agreement (CPA).MethodsThis is a review written by a group of experts under the umbrella of the Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy (SSCP) to propose a structured strategy for building an ambulatory care pharmacy practice in KSA, describe the currently available services and training requirements, and suggest a scheme for CPA.Results and ConclusionThe experts' vision support the ambulatory care pharmacy practice in KSA, recommends a framework and constructed elements for a unified and comprehensive CPA in the region. It emphasizes on the training and set requirements for pharmacists to be eligible to provide ambulatory care clinical pharmacy services in a defined care setting.
Mild and efficient regioselective surfactant catalyzed deacylation of lipophilic 5‐substituted 4‐acyl‐2‐(acylamino)‐Δ2‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolines
Authors: Yıldırım Ayhan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe most common transport route of biologically active compounds or drugs involves the absorption of the respective compounds across cell membranes via passive diffusion. In this context, biologically active compounds must have sufficient lipophilic character for their penetration through cell membranes. On the other hand, it is a very important task to be able to derivatize the existing compounds with effective and practical transformations to increase their biological activities. Accordingly, the free amino group in the structures of thiadiazolines can be functionalized and their biological activities can be further improved. In the present study, for the first time, several novel lipophilic 5‐substituted 4‐acyl‐2‐(acylamino)‐Δ2‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolines as potential biologically active agents were synthesized and selectively deacylated with the assistance of urotropin based cationic surfactant to afford the corresponding 5‐substituted 4‐acyl‐2‐amino‐Δ2‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolines with moderate to good isolated yields. The surfactant catalyzed eco‐friendly method developed in this study greatly facilitated the regioselective deacylation of the thiadiazoline ring system at the N2 position.
A multilevel study of social networks and collective reactions to organizational change
Authors: Pallotti Francesca , Mascia Daniele , Giorgio Luca 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe purpose of this study is to examine the micro‐level dynamics underlying macro‐level associations between organizational change and its outcomes, focusing in particular on the role of networks in shaping individual reactions to change. Drawing upon multilevel research on situational and individual antecedents of change, we first argue that the magnitude of change at the unit level has a nonlinear effect on change recipients' tendency to resist change, which in turn influences their adaptive behaviors. We argue, further, that the attitudinal and structural composition of the professional networks in which change recipients are embedded account for differences in their adaptive behaviors. Finally, we argue that individual adaptivity coalesces at the collective, that is, unit level, and predicts the attainment of desired change goals. We find general support for our arguments in a longitudinal study using multi‐source data on 170 physicians in 29 units of a large hospital that experienced a major restructuring intervention. Results confirm that multilevel mechanisms involving individuals and their social context fundamentally undergird macro‐level outcomes of change. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of bringing a network perspective to bear on issues of individual and collective reactions to organizational change.
Characterizing temperature and precipitation multi‐variate biases in 12 and 2.2 km UK Climate Projections
Authors: Garry Freya K. , Bernie Dan J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany impactful weather and climate events include two or more variables (like temperature or precipitation) having high or low values (e.g., hot dry summers). Understanding biases in the relationship between modelled variables is important for characterizing uncertainties in the risks associated with compound events. We present a framework for evaluating the relationships between different variables (multi‐variate bias). We illustrate our approach with UK temperature and precipitation, using HadUK‐Grid observations and two model ensembles (12 and 2.2 km horizontal resolution) of the HadGEM3 regional model used in UK Climate Projections both forced with the same driving conditions. There are distinct regional patterns in the biases of both the Pearson correlation coefficients and coefficients of linear regression between temperature and precipitation in both resolutions, for example, large areas of positive biases in the Pearson correlation coefficients across the United Kingdom in winter, and negative biases across most of England in summer. We combine the Pearson correlation coefficients and bias in the coefficient of linear regression into a combined metric and consider regions where either the bias in the coefficient of linear regression or the bias in Pearson correlation coefficient is significantly dominant over the other. By considering only days with similar North Atlantic driving conditions using Met Office Weather Patterns we can identify regions with significant differences between the two model resolutions that are attributable to the difference in model resolution and structural design. The root mean square error (RMSE) of correlation bias across the United Kingdom is reduced in the 2.2 km compared to the 12 km model data in each season except summer where it is broadly similar. For Weather Pattern 2 (North Atlantic Oscillation positive) days the RMSE for correlation coefficient and the coefficient of linear regression is twice as large than for all conditions.
Prediction abilities of subseasonal‐to‐seasonal models for regional rainstorm processes in South China
Authors: Li Xianru , Wei Zhigang , Ma Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBased on the daily precipitation data and the forecast data from subseasonal‐to‐seasonal (S2S) models, the prediction abilities of four S2S models for regional rainstorm processes are assessed. The results show that: Compared with the observations, the precipitation amounts that predicted by CMA, KMA, NCEP and UKMO models are lower. If the rainfall area is more concentrated and the precipitation amounts are greater, the biases are larger. When the lead times are greater than 15 days, the models cannot predict the occurrences of regional rainstorms. Among the four models, NCEP and UKMO models have better prediction abilities. NCEP model can make real‐time forecast four times a day and initial time forecast results at 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC are different. Compared with an initial time forecast, average of four initial time forecast results is closer to the observed values. The less precipitation predicted by NCEP, CMA, KMA and UKMO models may result of the underestimate of cyclonic circulation convergence intensity and water vapour flux amounts.
Comparative assessment of two portable Raman spectrometers for the characterisation of historical natural dye lakes
Authors: Bottura‐Scardina Silvia , Vandenabeele Peter , Miguel Catarina , Candeias António 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the use of portable Raman instruments to characterise natural dye lakes in paint mixtures, as an alternative approach to other Raman techniques (e.g. SERS). Raman spectroscopy has indeed been used extensively to study natural dyes as pure substances or as artistic pigments (dye lakes). However, the examination of these compounds with Raman spectroscopy is particularly challenging because of a strong fluorescence, a relatively weak Raman signal and their occurrence at low concentrations in artefacts. Because of these challenges, the typical way of analysing these materials is through either surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) or Fourier‐transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy, yet those approaches are not always desirable in art analysis, especially as they often require micro‐sampling. Therefore, this study explores the potential of using commercial mobile instruments, which would open the possibilities for direct in situ analysis. Two dispersive instruments, one using a fibre‐optic probe and a 1064‐nm excitation laser and the other using the subtracted‐shifted excitation (SSE) post‐processing algorithm, have been tested in their feasibility to characterise dye lakes. Raman spectra were acquired from a set of laboratory reproductions of paint mixtures prepared with a chosen set of common lakes, three red (brazilwood, cochineal and madder) and one yellow (weld), mixed with natural proteinaceous and polysaccharide binders. The feasibility has been evaluated, and it is shown that these lakes produce a detectable Raman signal, in spite of the strong interference of the painting support (parchment) and that the two instruments provide significantly different information.
Pickering emulsion stabilized by casein–caffeic acid covalent nanoparticles to enhance the bioavailability of curcumin in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhang Bingyan , Wang Yunping , Lu Rongrong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn recent years, the design of food‐grade Pickering emulsion delivery systems has become an effective strategy for improving the low bioavailability of bioactive substances. Protein‐based Pickering emulsions have received extensive attention because of a high biocompatibility and loading capacity. The bioavailability of active substances is mainly evaluated by simulating in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. As a model organism for antioxidation and anti‐aging, Caenorhabditis elegans can provide additional biological information for the in vivo utilization of active substances.RESULTSAfter the introduction of caffeic acid, the average particle size and Zeta potential of the casein–caffeic acid covalent complex nanoparticles (CCP) were 171.11 nm and − 37.73 mV, respectively. The three‐phase contact angle was also increased to 89.8°. By using CCP to stabilize Pickering emulsion (CCE), the retention quantity of the embedded curcumin increased by 2.19‐fold after 28 days. In the simulated gastric digestion, curcumin degradation in CCE was reduced by 61.84%, released slowly in the intestinal environment, and the final bioaccessibility was increased by 1.90‐fold. In C. elegans, CCE significantly reduced ROS accumulation, increased SOD activity by 2.01‐fold and CAT activity by 2.30‐fold, decreased MDA content by 36.76%, prolonging the lifespan of nematodes by 13.33% under H2O2 stimulation and improving bioavailability in vivo.CONCLUSIONThe results indictae that CCP‐stabilized Pickering emulsion can efficiently implement the physiological activities of bioactive compounds in vitro digestion and C. elegans, and thus it can be regarded as a reliable delivery system for food and medicine. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Mutational profiles and prognostic impact in colorectal and high‐grade appendiceal adenocarcinoma with peritoneal metastases
Authors: Morgan Ryan B. , Dhiman Ankit , Sood Divya , Ong Cecilia T. , Wu Xiaoyang , Shergill Ardaman , Polite Blase , Turaga Kiran K. , Eng Oliver S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) personalizes cancer treatments. In this study, we analyze outcomes based on NGS testing for colorectal cancer (CRC) and high‐grade appendiceal adenocarcinoma (HGA) with peritoneal metastases.MethodsRetrospective review of genomic analyses and outcomes in patients with CRC or HGA with peritoneal metastases at a high‐volume center from 2012 to 2019.ResultsNinety‐two patients (57 CRC, 35 HGA) were identified. Overall survival was longer for CRC (52.8 vs. 30.5 months, p = 0.03), though rates of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) were similar. Multiple genes were more frequently mutated in CRC, including KRAS (51% vs. 29%, p = 0.04), TP53 (47% vs. 20%, p < 0.01), and APC (46% vs. 6%, p < 0.01). For CRC, multivariate regression showed an increased hazard ratio (HR) with increasing peritoneal cancer index (1.06 [1.01–1.11], p = 0.02) and a decreased HR following CRS/HIPEC (0.30 [0.11–0.80], p = 0.02). PIK3CA mutation associated with significantly increased HR (3.62 [1.06–12.41], p = 0.04), though only in non‐CRS/HIPEC patients. Multivariate analysis in the HGA group showed a benefit following CRS/HIPEC (0.18 [0.06–0.61], p = 0.01) and for mucinous disease (0.38 [0.15–0.96], p = 0.04), while there was an increased HR with TP53 mutation (6.89 [2.12–22.44], p < 0.01).ConclusionCRC and HGA with peritoneal spread have distinct mutational profiles. PIK3CA and TP53 mutations are associated with survival for CRC or HGA with peritoneal metastases, respectively.
Semi‐supervised medical image segmentation via cross‐guidance and feature‐level consistency dual regularization schemes
Authors: Yang Xiaosu , Tian Jiya , Wan Yaping , Chen Mingzhi , Chen Lingna , Chen Junxi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSemi‐supervised learning is becoming an effective solution for medical image segmentation because of the lack of a large amount of labeled data.PurposeConsistency‐based strategy is widely used in semi‐supervised learning. However, it is still a challenging problem because of the coupling of CNN‐based isomorphic models. In this study, we propose a new semi‐supervised medical image segmentation network (DRS‐Net) based on a dual‐regularization scheme to address this challenge.MethodsThe proposed model consists of a CNN and a multidecoder hybrid Transformer, which adopts two regularization schemes to extract more generalized representations for unlabeled data. Considering the difference in learning paradigm, we introduce the cross‐guidance between CNN and hybrid Transformer, which uses the pseudo label output from one model to supervise the other model better to excavate valid representations from unlabeled data. In addition, we use feature‐level consistency regularization to effectively improve the feature extraction performance. We apply different perturbations to the feature maps output from the hybrid Transformer encoder and keep an invariance of the predictions to enhance the encoder's representations.ResultsWe have extensively evaluated our approach on three typical medical image datasets, including CT slices from Spleen, MRI slices from the Heart, and FM Nuclei. We compare DRS‐Net with state‐of‐the‐art methods, and experiment results show that DRS‐Net performs better on the Spleen dataset, where the dice similarity coefficient increased by about 3.5%. The experimental results on the Heart and Nuclei datasets show that DRS‐Net also improves the segmentation effect of the two datasets.ConclusionsThe proposed DRS‐Net enhances the segmentation performance of the datasets with three different medical modalities, where the dual‐regularization scheme extracts more generalized representations and solves the overfitting problem.
Demand information acquisition strategy in a dual channel supply chain
Authors: Chen Jing , Pun Hubert , Zhang Qiao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article examines the information acquisition strategy of a dual‐channel supply chain, in which a manufacturer sells a product both through a retailer and through its own direct channel. Either the manufacturer or the retailer can acquire demand information from a third‐party marketing research company. The manufacturer first decides whether or not to acquire such information, and then the retailer decides whether or not to acquire information. This setup implies a signaling game (either the manufacturer or the retailer may have private demand information) with an endogenous information structure. We identify conditions under which neither of the firms will acquire demand information, even when the cost of implementation is negligible. We also show that information acquisition can have a negative impact on the retailer, the supply chain, customers, and society. The manufacturer who acquires information always prefers to share information with the retailer, which benefits the retailer. The retailer who acquires information, however, may not want to share information with the manufacturer. The managerial insight of our paper is that firms that have more accurate demand data must develop strategies for the appropriate use of that information, both in their own planning and within the context of their dual‐channel supply chain.
Relationship between daily work connectivity behavior after hours and work–leisure conflict: Role of psychological detachment and segmentation preference
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Zihui , Shi Wendian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWork–leisure conflict (WLC) can have a series of negative effects on individuals. Against the backdrop of the rapid development of communication equipment, does individuals' use of communication equipment to handle work during nonworking hours lead to WLC? Previous studies have failed to discuss this relationship. Therefore, based on boundary theory, this study explored the possible effect of work connectivity behavior after hours (WCBAH) on WLC as well as the roles played by psychological detachment and individual segmentation preferences in this relationship. In this study, 82 employees were investigated via daily diary research for a period of 5 continuous working days, and a multilevel model was developed. The results indicated that daily WCBAH is positively related to WLC and that psychological detachment plays a mediating role in this relationship. Individual segmentation preferences can significantly moderate not only the relationship between WCBAH and psychological detachment but also the indirect effect of WCBAH on WLC via psychological detachment. This study increases our understanding of boundary theory and provides management suggestions regarding ways of reducing WLC.
Perilla seed oil improves bone health by inhibiting bone resorption in healthy Japanese adults: A 12‐month, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Matsuzaki Kentaro , Hossain Shahdat , Wakatsuki Harumi , Tanabe Yoko , Ohno Miho , Kato Setsushi , Shido Osamu , Hashimoto Michio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests the beneficial effect of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on bone mineral density (BMD). However, the effects of perilla (Perilla frutescens) seed oil (PO), a rich source of α‐linoleic acid (LNA), on human bone have not yet been elucidated. This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial investigated the effects of long‐term PO intake on bone health in Japanese adults. After screening for eligibility, 52 participants (mean age 54.2 ± 6.4 years) were randomly assigned to placebo (n = 25) and PO (n = 27) groups, which received 7.0 ml of olive oil and PO daily, respectively. At baseline and 12‐month, quantitative ultrasound of the right calcaneus was measured with an ultrasound bone densitometer and percentage of the Young Adult Mean (%YAM) was calculated. Serum levels of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP‐5b), and bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) were evaluated. In addition, PUFA levels in the erythrocyte plasma membrane (RBC‐PM), serum biological antioxidant potential (BAP), and diacron reactive oxygen metabolites (d‐ROM) were evaluated. Compared with the placebo group, %YAM levels increased and serum TRACP‐5b levels decreased significantly in the PO group at 12‐month, while serum BALP levels remained unchanged. Moreover, RBC‐PM LNA levels and BAP/d‐ROM ratios increased significantly in the PO compared with the placebo group. These results suggest that long‐term PO intake may improve age‐related BMD decline by suppressing bone resorption and increasing LNA levels.
Single Molecule Localization Microscopy for Studying Small Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Ghanam Jamal , Chetty Venkatesh Kumar , Zhu Xingfu , Liu Xiaomin , Gelléri Márton , Barthel Lennart , Reinhardt Dirk , Cremer Christoph , Thakur Basant Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are 30–200 nm nanovesicles enriched with unique cargoes of nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. sEVs are released by all cell types and have emerged as a critical mediator of cell‐to‐cell communication. Although many studies have dealt with the role of sEVs in health and disease, the exact mechanism of sEVs biogenesis and uptake remain unexplored due to the lack of suitable imaging technologies. For sEVs functional studies, imaging has long relied on conventional fluorescence microscopy that has only 200–300 nm resolution, thereby generating blurred images. To break this resolution limit, recent developments in super‐resolution microscopy techniques, specifically single‐molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), expanded the understanding of subcellular details at the few nanometer level. SMLM success relies on the use of appropriate fluorophores with excellent blinking properties. In this review, the basic principle of SMLM is highlighted and the state of the art of SMLM use in sEV biology is summarized. Next, how SMLM techniques implemented for cell imaging can be translated to sEV imaging is discussed by applying different labeling strategies to study sEV biogenesis and their biomolecular interaction with the distant recipient cells.