bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Legislative Intent to Hospice Practice: Exploring the Genealogy of The Mental Capacity Act 2005
Authors: Redhead Caroline 
Published: April 2023

The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) regulates decision-making for people without capacity. Post-legislative scrutiny of the Act in 2014 by a House of Lords Select Committee concluded that the MCA was neither well understood nor working well in practice. The aim of the research discussed in this article was to consider how the Act’s principles are understood and interpreted in hospice practice, specifically considering the patient’s role in the decision-making process.
The research proceeded through four distinct, but linked, phases which, together, offered a ‘life story’ of the MCA from legislative intent to current hospice practice (in 2019). The research was informed by relational theory and legal consciousness theory and the methods described are underpinned by a narrative approach to analysis. Phase one was an innovative genealogical analysis of policy and legislative documents (n=24) influencing the ‘coming to be’ of the MCA. In phase two, a systematic review of Court of Protection judgments (n=63) ‘historicises’ the empirical research, which was the focus of phases three and four (group interviews and individual interviews, respectively). Staff from two participating hospices participated in two group interviews and six individual interviews (13 participants), providing empirical data. Template analysis was used in all four phases of the study, and adapted to facilitate a synthesis of the findings across the study as a whole.
Take (what they say) with a pinch of salt: Engaging in Empirical Research to Understand the Parameters of the ‘Quality’ in ‘Poor-Quality Defence Lawyering’
Authors: Beazley Ashlee 
Published: April 2023

The criminal defence lawyer is an essential component to the equality of arms, due process, the enforcement of the prosecution’s burden of proof, and to the right to a fair trial. Despite this, little attention has yet to be paid to what the different qualities of legal defence assistance—whether adequate, effective, sufficient, etc.—actually amount to. This article presents the methodology and results from a comparative empirical legal study on the quality of criminal defence advocates in England & Wales and Belgium. The study presented, and the wider PhD research to which it forms a part, seeks to construct a theoretical framework by which poor-quality (insufficient) defence representation may be identified, understood, contextualised, addressed and remedied. To this end, the empirical research undertaken and outlined in the article which follows focuses on a particular source of information: the data acquired from semi-structured interviews held with defence practitioners about their (own) perceptions, opinions and experiences of the quality of defence representation.
The article discusses the extent to which lawyers are a reliable source of data and the usefulness of empirical research as a means by which legal theory may be developed, articulated and tested. If, for example, quality lawyering is to be defined in the hope of demarcating “sufficient” quality from “insufficient”, then it is both natural and necessary to involve the subjects of this research, the lawyers. A qualitative empirical study which utilises constructivist grounded theory and critical realism is, this article suggests, one means by which this delineation may be ascertained, one which also seeks to contextualise the data obtained whilst acknowledging the role and effect of the researcher in question.
PERAN RTH ALUN-ALUN RATU ZALECHA TERHADAP KENYAMANAN LINGKUNGAN BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DAN INDEKS KETIDAKNYAMANAN (Studi Kasus RTH Alun-Alun Ratu Zalecha, Martapura Kalimantan Selatan)
Authors: Wahyu Muhammad , Biyatmoko Danang , Susanti Hilda , Fatmawati Fatmawati 
Published: April 2023

Based on statistical data (Banjar District in Figures, 2016), it was found that there was an increase in population density from 2013 to 115 people / km2, by 2014 117 people / km2 and 2015 by 119 souls / km2. To support human needs and activities, it takes a lot of space, especially built space. The purpose of this study is to analyze the public perception about the role of green space on environmental comfort in RTH Ratu Zalecha Square and analyze the role of RTH Queen Square Zalecha to the comfort of environment based on the index of discomfort. The research method used is survey method and quantitative descriptive analysis. The survey method aims to observe the condition of research sites such as physical condition and RTH characteristics. The survey also aims to determine the point of data collection, identify the green space structure, and take the microclimate primary data. The result of this research shows that the level of public perception on the comfort of RTH Alun-Alun Ratu Zalecha has positive effect for 84 respondent (87,5%) and 12 respondents (12,5%). This indicates that H0 is accepted which presumes that there is positive effect of RTH of Queen of Zalecha against the comfort of environment and H1 is rejected and Chi-Square calculation shows that X2H value is 96,47 bigger than X2 table 5% that is 5,991 so that H0 is accepted, meaning there is a significant difference between the three levels of public perception towards the comfort of the environment with the highest level of positive perception is in the category of a very influential role and affect the comfort of the environment. Based on observation data at the study location, the average daily discomfort index at location I (on the surface), location I (1.4 meters), location II (1.4 meters), location III (1.4) meters) between 80,2-81,7 which is in the interval of the value of DI> 80, which means that 100% of respondents stated that all research locations in the category were uncomfortable for humans.
Exuberant Rice Body Formation Associated with Adverse Local Tissue Reaction After Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty
Authors: Ramirez Daniel C. , Ren Renee , Burge Alissa J. , Potter Hollis G. , Su Edwin , Bauer Thomas W. 
Published: April 2023

Case:
A 65-year-old man with osteoarthritis of the hip developed a soft-tissue mass of the inferior gluteal region 3 years after metal-on-metal resurfacing hip arthroplasty. Clinical and imaging findings suggested an adverse local tissue reaction. Intraoperatively, nearly 1 liter of intra-articular fibrinous loose bodies (rice bodies) was removed, and histology showed features of an adaptive immune response. The patient had no evidence of an autoimmune disease or mycobacterial infection.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of florid rice bodies associated with a metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty and adverse local tissue reaction.
Machine Learning based Hybrid Intrusion Detection System for detecting Cross-layer DoS attacks in IoT
Authors: PAUL ADITI , Sinha Somnath , MISHRA SAUMYA 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is critically prone to Denial of Service attacks at multiple layers. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), if designed carefully, can be able to detect these attacks effectively. In the proposed study, we develop a Hybrid IDS to detect Cross-Layer DoS attacks in IoT. The proposed system considerably reduces the false positive rate more than a single IDS. The IDS is designed by ensembling multiple machine learning techniques to avoid overfitting or underfitting. The Hybrid IDS works in two stages, with the first stage for detecting an occurrence of attack(Anomaly detection) followed by a second stage to classify the attack types(Signature of the episodes). The output of the first stage is Correctly Detected Samples (CDS) which are again tested by the second stage to get Correctly Classified Samples(CCS). Another unique aspect of the proposed study is generating the dataset for different attacks. Rather than using the existing dataset, we have developed a trace file in NetSim Simulator by designing an attack environment. At the same time, during the feature selection process, a novel and efficient technique is applied to select the best feature set along with the critical feature (CF). Simulation results show an accuracy of detecting CDS of up to 95% and CCS is up to 96% with a weighted average F1 score of up to 96%. The testing time of the proposed model is also considerably lower than individual models, which makes the system efficient and lightweight.
Diverse volcanism and crustal evolution on early Mars
Authors: Michalski Joseph , Rogers Andrea , Edwards Christopher , Cowart Aster , Xiao Long 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The relatively well-preserved ancient crust of Mars provides a natural window into early planetary evolution not available on Earth due to sustained tectonic recycling and erosion on this planet. Mars has generally been considered a one-plate, basaltic planet though recent evidence suggests magmatic evolution resulting in felsic crust might have occurred sporadically1–6 and some structural data potentially support early forms of regional subduction7. Here we show multiple lines of evidence for diverse volcanism and complex volcanotectonics in the southern highlands of Mars within and around the Eridania basin. Infrared remote sensing reveals bimodal volcanism consisting of olivine-bearing basalts and voluminous, widespread dacitic (64-69% SiO2) volcanic deposits. The diverse igneous compositions are associated with an extraordinary number and morphological range of volcanic structures including domes, stratovolcanoes, calderas and pyroclastic shields. Tectonic escarpments of comparable morphology, length (100s-1000s of km) and height (1-3 km) to convergent tectonic boundaries on Earth are observed to overthrust hydrated crust in the Eridania region, including weathered ash8 and seafloor hydrothermal deposits9. Multiple lines of evidence point to a substantial, vigorous episode of volcanotectonics in the Eridania region (Terras Cimmeria and Sirenum) 3-4 billion years ago that could shed light on processes which operated on the early Earth, before a recognizable form of plate tectonics took hold on this planet c.a. 3 billion years ago10. The various environments associated with emergent volcanoes within and around the large (~2 x 105 km3) Eridania sea are analogous to all widely discussed scenarios for the origin of life for Earth11,12.
Quasicomplemented distributive nearlattices
Authors: Calomino Ismael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to introduce the quasicomplemented distributive nearlattices. We investigateα-filters and α-ideals in the class of quasicomplemented distributive nearlattices and some results on ideals-congruence-kernels. We also study the notion of Stone distributive nearlattice and give a characterization by means σ-filters.
Future distribution patterns of cuttlefishes under climate change
Authors: Guerreiro Miguel , Borges Francisco Oliveira , Santos Catarina Pereira , Rosa Rui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
While most coastal communities are expected to have been negatively impacted by climate change, cephalopods have thrived with shifting ocean conditions. However, whilst benefitting from the same physiological flexibility that characterized cephalopods, cuttlefish remain bounded to specific locations by their particularly low vagility. To test the beneficial effects of climate change on cuttlefish, Species Distribution Models were applied on nine species of genus Sepia to assess distribution on present and different representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios (2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5; CMIP5) for the years 2050 and 2100. We show that projections of future cuttlefish distribution decrease relative to present model predictions. Harshest hit species, Sepia braggi, was observed to decline as much as 30.77% (from present 55.26% to 24.48% at RCP 8.5 in 2100), to Sepia officinalis with low maximum decrease of 1.64% (from present 59.62% to 57.98% at RCP 8.5 in 2100). Increases in habitat suitability occurred mostly at higher latitudes, while habitat decrease was predicted for the tropical regions and lower latitudinal limits of species distribution. Cuttlefish will not benefit from future changes in climate, as their habitats will decrease in suitability. If suitability of habitat translates into cuttlefish abundance, many coastal fishing communities in the global south will be affected by the future decreases in these fishing resources. Additionally, as potential “sea canaries” for coastal ecosystems, we may see many species and habitats from these systems affected by climate change, namely in tropical regions.
Pulmonary protective ventilation strategy accelerates recovery of patients with QT prolonged syndrome undergoing thoracic sympathectomy
Authors: Guangkui Lu , Li Zhenzhen , Huiying Zhang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is a new surgical method for the treatment of QT prolonged syndrome (LQTs). ETS requires double lung ventilation and one-lung ventilation (OLV) switching, which results in long operation time and great trauma. Conventional ventilation is easy to cause alveolar volume injury and biological injury, and increase the incidence of perioperative pulmonary complications, which is contrary to the basic requirements of ERAS. To compare the effects of conventional ventilation and pulmonary protective strategy ventilation on ETS about surgical rehabilitation during and after operation.MethodsThe study is randomized and blinded. Eighty LQTs patients with ETS were randomly divided into conventional ventilation group (CV Group) and pulmonary protective ventilation strategy group (PV Group), 40 cases in each group. They were compared at 4 time points-before anesthesia induction (T0), OLV 15min (T1), OLV 45min (T2) and 24 hours after operation (T3).Respiratory mechanics parameters, inflammatory factors, arterial blood gas and related calculation indexes, pulmonary complications 24 hours after operation, PACU observation time and hospitalization days were observed.ResultsPV group achieved more stable respiratory mechanics parameters, lower expression of inflammatory factors, better oxygenation, lower postoperative 24-hour pulmonary complications, shorter PACU observation time and hospital stay.ConclusionThe application of lung protective ventilation strategy in ETS is more suitable to ERAS requirements, and its clinical application is safe and effective, which worth promotion.
Proteomic characteristics of cellular proteins from 16HBE cells with Coxsackievirus A10 infection by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling-based quantitative proteomics reveals the potential effect of HMGB1 on viral replication
Authors: Song Jie , Zhao Guifang , Li Hui , Yang Yan , Yu Yue , Hu Yunguang , Li Yadong , Li Jiang , Hu Yajie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is recognized as one of the most important pathogens associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children under 5 years of age worldwide, and it can lead to fatal neurological complications. However, available commercial vaccines fail to protect against CV-A10. Therefore, the study of new protein targets against CV-A10 highlight the urgent need for the development of vaccine-based strategies. Currently, advances in proteomics have enabled a comprehensive understanding of host-pathogen interactions in recent years. Here, to study CV-A10-host interaction, a global quantitative proteomic analysis could help uncover the molecular determinants of host cellular proteins and excavate key host proteins following CV-A10 infection. Through tandem mass tagging (TMT)-based mass spectrometry, it was found that a total of 6615 host proteins were quantified, with 293 proteins being differentially regulated. To ensure the validity and reliability of the proteomics data, 3 randomly selected proteins were verified by Western blot analysis, and the results were consistent with the TMT results. Further functional analysis showed that the up-regulated and down-regulated proteins were individually enriched in diverse biological activities and signaling pathways, such as metabolic process, biosynthetic process, AMPK signaling pathway, Neurotrophin signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, GABAergic synapse, and so on. Moreover, subsequent bioinformatics analysis further exhibited that these differentially expressed proteins contained distinct domains, localized in different subcellular components, and generated a complex network. Finally, it was also found that HMGB1 might be a key host factor to be involved in CV-A10 replication. In summary, our findings provided comprehensive insights into the proteomic profile during CV-A10 infection and added depth to our understanding of the relationship between CV-A10 and host cell, as well as also established a proteomic signature for this viral infection. Meanwhile, based on the effect of HMGB1 on CV-A10 replication, it might be regarded as a promising therapeutic target against CV-A10 infection.
The Hans Kai Trial: Study Protocol of a Mixed Methods Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating a Peer-led Health Promotion Program for Adults with or without Chronic Health Conditions
Authors: Cameranesi Margherita , Mackay Dylan , Mollard Rebecca , Balshaw Robert 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background. Recent research has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant increase in physical and mental health problems reported by adults worldwide, which may be addressed by peer-led interventions that focus on promoting health and reducing isolation or loneliness. To date, evaluation studies that have assessed the effectiveness of these programs have shown mixed results. The Hans Kai trial described here aims to evaluate the efficacy of the peer-led health promotion Hans Kai program in supporting the health and wellbeing of its participants and investigate the experiences of the Hans Kai participants and facilitators.Methods. This research will involve a mixed methods trial combining an experimental component with a qualitative component. The experimental component will involve a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an appropriate control group, randomization of participants to conditions, and a focus on the impact of the program on several health indicators. The qualitative component will investigate the experiences of program participants and facilitators to identify the main strengths and limitations of Hans Kai, uncover potential implementation issues, and elucidate the mechanisms through which the program works. The population of interest will include adults aged 18 + with or without chronic health conditions who are interested in taking control of their own health and improving their lifestyle. In the RCT, all outcomes of interest will be measured using a multi-method approach, involving self-report questionnaires and objective (direct) indicators. The qualitative component of the RCT will also involve a multi-method approach in which multiple qualitative data collection methods will be used to reach a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the program strengths, how the program works, and for which people it is more effective in promoting health and wellbeing. Adaptable components of the program will also be investigated and modified according to the feedback provided by the RCT participants.Discussion. The RCT findings will help support the further development and use of Hans Kai as well as other peer-led health promotion interventions.Trial Registration. United Stated Clinical Trial Registry Clinicaltrials.gov (registration# NCT03949725; Protocol version 2, June 22nd, 2022).
Chaos Detection Scheme for Multiple Variable Frequency Signals with Overlapping Frequencies
Authors: Chen Dawei , Shi Shuo , Gu Xuemai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As one of the most critical technology in signal detection, weak signal detection (WSD) has received a great deal of attention in many areas. Traditional methods perform well when the number of signal is single and the form of signal is simple, which are quite different from the situation in some real applications (e.g., the marine communication scenario). In this paper, we consider the problem of high-precision frequency detection of Multiple Variable-Frequency Signals with Overlapping frequencies (MVFS-O) in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenario, whose key point is how to detect the parameters (frequency range and frequency modulation rate (FMR)) of each signal. To solve the problem, a novel chaos detection scheme based on Duffing difference oscillator is proposed. In this scheme, the wide frequency detection range of the critical state is used to determine the frequency range of the signals quickly, and the Lyapunov Exponent is used to discriminate the output state of the system qualitatively. Furthermore, combining with the time points of the periodic state of the system, we can obtain the FMR of the corresponding signal by analyzing overlapping frequency ratio. Numerical results are provided to verify the practical effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Deep learning-based organ classification and transit time estimation for wireless capsule endoscopy
Authors: Park Jung-Hwan , Nam Seung-Joo , Kim Yoon , Lim Yun Jeong , Choi Hyun-Soo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Deep learning-based technologies are widely used in gastroenterology, especially for the lesion detections during endoscopic examination. However, there have been limited studies on the localization of wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE). We propose an algorithm for classifying organs and predicting gastric and small bowel transit time during WCE examination.Methods We collected WCE data from 126 patients, using PillCam™ SB3 (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) at two university-affiliated hospitals. The dataset consisted of 2,395,932 images. We developed a deep learning model that accurately classified organs (i.e., stomach, small bowel, and colon) from 44 train and 10 validation cases. Then we applied calibration using a Gaussian filter to enhance the accuracy of detecting organ boundaries. Lastly, we estimated the transit time of the capsule in the gastric and small bowel regions using a combination of a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory designed to be aware of the sequence information of continuous videos. We evaluated our model’s performance with WCE videos from 72 patients.Results Our model demonstrated an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of over 95% for classifying each organ (stomach, small intestine, and colon) and 97.1% of overall accuracy and F1-score. In the estimation of gastric and small bowel transit time, the mean time difference between the ground truth and model prediction was 4.3 ± 9.7 minutes and 24.7 ± 33.8 minutes, respectively. The model’s gastric transit time predictions were within 15 minutes for 95.8% of the test data set (69/72).Conclusions Our proposed algorithm shows promising results in classifying the organs and estimating the gastric transit time for WCE, which has significant clinical implications.
Multiomic analysis of the anoikis genes in colon cancer based on bioinformatics
Authors: Hao Lu , Zhao Haoran , Zhang Yubao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors at present. It was relatively common in western developed countries, and has gradually become one of the common causes of cancer death in developing countries in recent years. With the development of imaging, endoscopic technology and early screening, the mortality rate of colon cancer has decreased significantly, but the prognosis of patients with colon cancer is still poor due to certain recurrence and metastasis risks. The latest research shows that the anoikis gene also has a certain regulatory role in colon cancer. Therefore, this paper studies the screening of related genes and their interaction with immune cells and drugs based on bioinformatics.