bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of microvessel density and PSA level in prostatic adenocarcinoma of Gleason score 6 and 7
Authors: Dariš Barbara , Munda Miha , Hajdinjak Tine , Kavalar Rajko , Štiblar-Martinčič Draga 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The aim of our investigation was to determine differences in microvessel density (MVD) and serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between groups of patients with Gleason score (GS) 6 adenocarcinoma and patients with GS 7 adenocarcinoma.
Methods: The study was done in a series of 26 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma. Specimens were divided into two groups: GS 6 (13 cases) and GS 7 (13 cases). Intratumoral microvasculature was highlighted by immunohistochemical means using an antibody against endoglin. Endoglin stained microvessels in and around the tumor but showed weak or no staining for bloodvessels in non-neoplastic tissue. Areas of maximal angiogenesis within the tumor were identified and microvessels counted at ×400 magnification (0.19 mm2 field).
Results: The GS 6 group had lower MVD per field(19.9 vs. 25.6; P=0.05) and MVD per mm2 (89.7 vs. 117.7; P=0.05) when compared with the GS 7 group. No significant difference in mean serum levels of PSA between the two groups was observed (5.7 vs. 10.2 ng/ mL; P=0.10). MVD per mm2 was not correlated with PSA (r=0.20; P=0.30). The age of patients at diagnosis was significantly lower in cases with GS 6 prostatic adenocarcinoma (61.2 vs. 66.2 years; P=0.01).
Conclusion: Our preliminary results suggest a possible difference in the neovascularization between the two groups of specimens, but a difference in PSA level was not proved. Nevertheless, a future large-scale study is needed to confirm these findings.
Follow–up of females with atypical glandular cells on Pap smears
Authors: Planinc Ana , Repše Fokter Alenka , Golouh Rastko 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Atypical glandular cells (AGC) are often associated with clinically significant lesions, but the interpretation of AGC and the associated lesions on Pap smears remains challenging, even for experienced cytopathologists. The frequency and histologic follow–up of AGC regardless of gland cell type were investigated.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted involving 199,265 cervicovaginal smears which were examined in the Department of Pathology and Cytology of Celje General Hospital between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2008. We investigated the frequency of AGC on conventional Pap smears and evaluated the follow–up and correlation between cytology results and subsequent biopsy diagnoses over a 6–year period. The data were processed using the statistics program, SPSS. Statistical significance was set at a p<0.05.
Results: Between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2008, a total of 745 women had AGC, representing 0.4% of all Pap smear results. One hundred seventy–two women (23.1%) with an average age of 41 years (range, 17–65 years) had a subsequent histologic examination. There were 79 patients (45.9%) with a clinically significant diagnosis, including 63 patients with high– grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 4 patients with adenocarcinoma in situ, and 12 patients with invasive carcinoma (5 endometrial adenocarcinomas, 5 cervical squamous carcinomas, and 2 other types). Normal histologic findings were present in 65 patients (37.8%), 26 patients had low–grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and 2 patients had low–grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia.
Conclusion: In subsequent biopsy specimens, cytologically AGC are not always glandular or even abnormal. The underlying abnormalities are often so serious that AGC findings require careful clinical and histologic follow–up.
Ultrasonographic and classical risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type–2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Šantl Letonja Marija , Letonja Mitja , Nikolajević Starčević Jovana , Petrovič Danijel 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We determined the prevalence of the clinical and biochemical risk factors as well as the extent of atherosclerosis in carotid arteries in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2).
Methods: A total of 289 subjects with DMT2 and 157 healthy subjects were enrolled in this prospective cross–sectional study. Levels of total cholesterol, high–density lipoprotein– cholesterol (HDL–C), low–density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL–C), triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, fibrinogen, and high–sensitivity C–reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured using standard biochemical methods. Carotid atherosclerosis was assessed by ultrasonography. Intima media thickness (IMT), plaque type and plaque score were also determined.
Results: In comparison with healthy controls, DMT2 patients: were older and had a larger waist circumference; higher body mass index; higher prevalence of hypertension; higher values of fibrinogen, D–dimer, glucose, hsCRP, troponin and triglycerides. Patients with DMT2 had lower levels of LDL–C and they were treated more often with statins (70% vs. 5%). In comparison with healthy subjects, patients with DMT2 had an increased intima media thickness (1.09±0.12 vs. 0.98±0.14; P=0.001), higher plaque score, and more advanced types of plaques.
Conclusion: In comparison with healthy subjects, patients with DMT2 had an increased carotid IMT and higher plaque burden.
Treatment of uterine sarcomas at the Maribor University Clinical Centre between 1996 and 2011
Authors: Arko Darja , Dovnik Andraž , Takač Iztok 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Uterine sarcomas are rare malignant tumours with a worse prognosis than endometrial carcinomas. This retrospective study was performed to determine the clinical and histologic characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in uterine sarcoma patients treated at our hospital over a 16–year period.
Methods: Twenty–two patients (median age, 60.5 years) with uterine sarcomas were treated at our facility between 1996 and 2011. Information was collected from hospital and follow–up records and from the Cancer Registry of Slovenia. All tumours were classified according to the new FIGO classification for uterine sarcomas.
Results: The majority of the patients presented with postmenopausal bleeding. The most common histologic subtype was leiomyosarcoma (50%), followed by carcinosarcoma (40.9%), and endometrial stromal sarcoma (9.1%). All of the patients were initially treated surgically, 21 by laparotomy and 1 laparoscopically. Eight patients were treated with post–operative radiotherapy and 4 patients received post–operative chemotherapy. Disease progression was observed in 8 of 17 patients who had sufficient follow–up information for this analysis. The 5–year overall survival was 44%.
Conclusion: The overall survival of patients treated for uterine sarcomas in our study was comparatively good. Due to the small number and heterogeneity of the patients, larger multi–centre trials are needed for a reliable analysis of factors influencing patient survival.
Cardiovascular mortality and microinflammation in abdominal obese hemodialysis patients
Authors: Bevc Sebastjan , Zorman Tadej , Purg Darinka , Ekart Robert , Hojs Radovan 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Abdominal adipose tissue has important inflammatory properties and is a source of various inflammatory mediators. Given that concentrations of some inflammatory mediators are high among hemodialysis (HD) patients, abdominal obesity may play an important role in the pathogenesis of microinflammation which is known to be associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of microinflammation on cardiovascular (CV) mortality in abdominal obese HD patients.
Methods: Seventy–one HD patients (mean age 59.3 ± 12.8 years) were included in our study. Waist circumference (WAC) was measured and abdominal obesity was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation. Serum levels of lipids (triglycerides, high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol) and inflammatory mediators (interleukin–6, tumor necrosis factor–alpha, vascular cellular adhesion molecule–1 (VCAM–1), intercellular adhesion molecule–1 (ICAM–1)) were measured. Patients were observed from the date of measurement (November 2003) of inflammatory mediators until their death or to 10th of November 2009.
Results: The mean WAC value for men was 97.6 ± 16.1 cm, and for women 92.2 ± 15.9 cm. Abdominal obesity was found in 62% of the enrolled patients. Cox regression analysis showed that the inflammatory mediators VCAM–1 (p<0.031) and ICAM–1 (p<0.024) were predictors of CV mortality in abdominal obese HD patients. Both inflammatory mediators remained predictors of CV mortality if age and other known risk factors for atherosclerosis (arterial hypertension, smoking, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides) were included in the analysis.
Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that microinflammation is associated with CV mortality in abdominal obese HD patients.
Mitigasi Daerah Rawan Bencana Longsor Berbasis Pemetaan Sistem Informasi Geografis di Kecamatan Bumiaji
Authors: 'Aina Corry , Nurjahjaningtyas Indra , Alfiah Rindang 
Published: February 2023

Salah satu wilayah terluas di Kota Batu dengan tingkat kerawanan bencana longsor tertinggi terletak di Kecamatan Bumiaji (Noorwantoro, 2014). Berdasarkan RTRW Kota Batu Tahun 2010-2030, beberapa desa yang digunakan sebagai kawasan hunian di Kecamatan Bumiaji berada pada kawasan rawan bencana. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 41/PRT/M/2007 tentang Pedoman Kriteria Teknis Kawasan Budidaya bahwa kawasan yang boleh digunakan sebagai permukiman tidak berada pada daerah rawan bencana, seperti tanah longsor, banjir, erosi, dan abrasi. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi daerah rawan longsor di Kecamatan Bumiaji dan menentukan prioritas upayaamitigasiiyangidapat dilakukan. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam melakukan pemetaan adalah overlay, sedangkan dalam penentuan prioritas upaya mitigasi dilakukan dengan metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diketahui bahwa Kecamatan Bumiaji merupakan salah satu kecamatan di Kota Batu yang termasuk kedalam daerah rawan bencana tanah longsor. Pemetaan daerah rawan bencana longsor yang dilakukan dengan overlay 4 paramaeter peta curah hujan, jenis tanah, penggunaan lahan dan kelerengan menghasilkan klasifikasi daerah rawan bencana longsor. Daerah dengan kerawanan rendah seluas 24,2 %, sedang seluas 37,7 %, tinggi seluas 35,3 % dan sangat tinggi seluas 2,8% dari total Kecamatan Bumiaji. Prioritas utama mitigasi bencana yang sesuai dengan karakteristik wilayah Kecamatan Bumiaji adalah pemetaan daerah rawan bencana, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pendidikan dan pelatihan SDM, pembuatan prediksi bencana, pembuatan jalur dan rambu evakuasi dan pembentukan satuan tugas.
Pembuatan Buku Saku Panduan Pemakaian Retinol untuk Mencegah Penuaan bagi Pemula
Authors: Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati  , Tania Salsabila Putri Harfi  
Published: February 2023

Salah satu fenomena yang terjadi dan telah disadari oleh masyarakat adalah dijumpai banyak individu yang telah mengalami proses penuaan sebelum waktunya. Retinol merupakan salah satu bahan aktif yang mampu menangani berbagai masalah kulit, baik penuaan kulit, hiperpigmentasi hingga masalah jerawat. Seiring maraknya penggunaan retinol, masih ada sebagian orang yang belum memahami bahwa retinol merupakan bahan aktif yang dalam penggunaanya memerlukan pengetahuan dasar agar retinol bekerja secara maksimal dan reaksi negatif pada awal pemakaian dapat diminimalisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat buku saku yang berisi informasi mengenai bahan aktif retinol, hal yang harus dilakukan sebelum menggunakan retinol, serta panduan pemakaian bahan retinol berdasarkan bentuk produknya. Semua informasi ini dimuat menjadi lebih menarik dalam buku saku karena dikemas secara singkat, padat, dan jelas dengan bahasa yang mudah dimengerti oleh pemula, yaitu semua orang di berbagai kalangan yang ingin menggunakan bahan retinol. Tahap pembuatan buku ini terdiri dari tahap pendefinisian, tahap perancangan, tahap pengembangan dan tahap implementasi, penilaian buku dilakukan oleh dua orang ahli yaitu ahli media dan ahli materi. Hasil pembuatan buku ini memenuhi kriteria validasi dengan hasil yang didapat oleh ahli materi adalah 79%, dari ahli media 92%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa buku tersebut layak untuk digunakan sebagai referensi dan panduan pemakaian retinol bagi pemula.

Kata Kunci : Buku Saku, Panduan, Retinol, Penuaan Kulit
Polycephalomycetaceae , a new family of clavicipitoid fungi segregates from Ophiocordycipitaceae
Authors: Xiao Yuan-Pin , Wang Yuan Bing , Hyde Kevin D. , Eleni Gentekaki , Sun Jingzu , Yang Yu , Meng Juan , Yu Hong , Wen Ting-Chi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Clavicipitoid fungi comprise three families, namely Clavicipitaceae, Cordycipitaceae, and Ophiocordycipitaceae. They are found worldwide and are specialized pathogens of invertebrate, plant and fungal hosts. Over the last decade, morphology- and phylogeny-based studies on clavicipitoid fungi have increased. The latter have revealed that Polycephalomyces, Perennicordyceps and Pleurocordyceps consistently cluster together.These genera are currently considered as members of Ophiocordycipitaceae. Nonetheless, information with regard to their diversity and ecology remains sparse. To fill this gap, we collected 29 fresh specimens from insect and fungal substrates from tropical and subtropical evergreen forests in Thailand and southwestern China. We performed detailed morphological analyses and constructed photoplates for all isolated fungi. We used extensive taxon sampling and a dataset comprising internal transcribed spacer gene region (ITS), small subunit ribosomal RNA gene region (SSU), large subunit rRNA gene region (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene region (TEF-1α), RNA polymerase II largest subunit gene region (RPB1) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) to infer order-, family and genus-level phylogenetic trees. Based on these biphasic analyses, we segregate Polycephalomyces, Perennicordyceps, and Pleurocordycepsfrom Ophiocordycipitaceae and introduce the new family Polycephalomycetaceae to accomodate these three genera. The majority of species in this family have a vast range of insect and fungal hosts. The sexual morph of Polycephalomycetaceaehas stromatic ascomata, long stipes, thick peridium, and cylindrical secondary spores. The asexual morph is characterized by colonies on the host surface or synnemata with stipes on the host, one or two types of phialides, and cylindrical to fusiform conidia. We expand the number of taxa in the new family by introducing seven new species (Polycephalomyces albiramus, Perennicordyceps lutea, Pleurocordyceps parvicapitata, Pleurocordyceps lanceolatus, Pleurocordyceps nutansis, Pleurocordyceps heilongtanensis, Pleurocordyceps vitellina), nine new hosts, and one new combination (Perennicordyceps elaphomyceticola). The results herein hint at a high level of diversity for Polycephalomycetaceae. Future investigations focusing on obtaining additional collections and specimens from different geographical areas would help to reveal not only the extent of the group’s diversity, but also resolve its deeper phylogenetic placement.
Extensive inheritance of gut microbial communities in a superorganismal termite
Authors: Sinotte Veronica , Renelies-Hamilton Justinn , Andreu-Sánchez Sergio , Vasseur-Cognet Mireille , Poulsen Michael 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Mutualistic co-evolution can be mediated by vertical transmission of symbionts between host generations. Organisms exhibit adaptations that ensure optimal microbial inheritance, yet the extent to which this applies to social insects, such as termites that have co-evolved with gut microbes, is poorly resolved. Here, we document consistent vertical transmission across colony generations of fungus-farming termites. Inherited bacteria comprise 44% of the microbiome, over 80 genera, and strains that are specific to termite pedigrees. We show that the superorganism, consisting of reproductives and workers, analogous to gametes and soma of an organism, is adapted to vertically transmit a distinct microbial community with high fidelity. Microbial inheritance is achieved because colony-founding reproductives are endowed with a set of non-random, environmentally-sensitive, and termite-specific gut microbes derived from their colonies of origin. Reproductives biparentally transmit these symbionts to offspring colony workers, where priority effects dictate the composition of the forming colony microbiome. Superorganismal gametes, the reproductives, are thus adapted to secure transmission of entire communities of specific, co-evolved microbes that are critical to the colony microbiome later retained by workers. Extensive vertical transmission aligns with evolutionary patterns of termite-bacterial co-diversification. This colony-level inheritance extends models of transmission from individual organisms to superorganisms, both of which demonstrate adaptations to retain symbiotic fidelity and mixed-mode transmission conducive to mutualism.
Impact force localization and reconstruction via ADMM-based sparse regularization method
Authors: Wang Yanan , Chen Lin , Liu Junjiang , Qiao Baijie , He Weifeng , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

It is challenging to realize impact localization and time history reconstruction simultaneously in practice. Ill-posed and under-determined problems are usually encountered due to the confined and harsh measuring conditions. ℓ1 regularization has been a favoured way to help gain sparse and accurate solutions, while ℓ1 -minimization is a biased estimator and generally underestimates the amplitude of the solution. To overcome this conundrum, ℓp (0 ≤ p < 1) regularization has
come into view to enhance the sparsity and achieve better solutions. The non-convex ℓp regularization is notoriously tough to handle, as classical optimization algorithms tend to get stuck in undesired local minimizers. This paper presents a novel imapct force identification scheme with ℓp regularization by utilizing the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM), which can decompose the complex primal problem into sub-problems that are easier to solve in parallel directly via proximal operators. To reduce the annoying sensitivity of identification accuracy to regularization parameters, an adaptive regularization parameter is derived based on K-sparsity strategy. Then an ADMM-based sparse regularization method, which can cope with ℓp regularization with arbitrary p values utilizing adaptively-updated regularization parameters, is developed to simultaneously reconstruct the impact time history and localize impact with under-determined sensor configurations. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed method are verified on the aircraft skin-like composite structure. To obtain a high-accuracy solution via ℓp regularization, the optimal p value is studied. Evidences demonstrate ℓ0.6 regularization is always able to yield sparser and more accurate solutions for impact force identification than the classic ℓ1 regularization.
COX6A2 deficiency leads to cardiac remodeling in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Jiang Mengqi , Song Yuanxiu , Chen Xi , Zhu Min , Lu Wenjing , Wei Mingyu , Lan Feng , Cui Ming , Bai Yun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Cardiac remodeling is the initiating factor in the development of heart failure(HF), which can occur in various cardiomyopathies. cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2(COX6A2) is one of the components of cytochrome c oxidase, which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling caused by COX6A2 deficiency in humans remains unclear due to the lack of a suitable research model. In this study, we established a COX6A2-deficient human cardiac myocyte(CM) model mimicking "human COX6A2 homozygous mutation" to explore the potential effects of COX6A2 dysfunction and its mechanism of action.
Methods: Human COX6A2 homozygous knockout cardiomyocytes model was established by combining CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology and hiPSCs directed differentiation technology. Cell model phenotypic assays were then performed to characterize the pathological features of COX6A2-deficient cardiomyocytes.
Results: COX6A2 gene knockout did not affect the pluripotency and differentiation efficiency of hiPSCs. Myocardial cells with COX6A2 gene knockout showed abnormal energy metabolism, increased oxidative stress level, abnormal calcium transport and decreased contractility. In addition, L-carnitine and trimetazidine significantly improved energy metabolism in COX6A2 deficient human myocardial model.
Conclusions: We have established a COX6A2-deficient human cardiomyocyte model that exhibits abnormal energy metabolism, elevated oxidative stress levels, abnormal calcium transport, and reduced contractility. This model is an important tool to help understand the mechanism of action of energy metabolism disorders leading to myocardial remodeling, elucidate the gene-phenotype relationship of COX6A2 deficiency, and facilitate drug screening.
The first biological experiments on the lunar show that low gravity conditions will acclimate to super-freezing
Authors: Xie GengXin , Yang Jing , Xu YuXuan , Zhang YuanXun , Qiu Dan , Ding JingHang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
For humanity to complete its ambitious solar system exploration, it is crucial to comprehend how terrestrial life reacts to differing planet gravity. We followed the life trajectory of an earth cotton seed's germination, development, and ultimate fate after prolonged exposure to extremely low temperatures using the life-regeneration ecosystem carried by Chang'e 4 probe, which landed on the Moon on January 3rd, 2019, for the first time in human history. In a controlled environment with similar characteristics, such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, and nutrition, we compared this life trajectory on the moon to that on Earth, except for the differences in gravity, light, and radiation. We discovered that the 1/6 g moon gravity speeds up seed germination. Surprisingly, Moon seedlings demonstrated rapid acclimatization to super-freezing (below minus 52 degrees Celsius) under 1/6 g lunar gravity, maintaining upright and green despite exposure to long-term extremely cold temperatures for 18–24 hours. Based on cellular and molecular reactions caused by moon-low gravity, we suggest probable mechanisms for cold resilience. These unique findings will enhance our understanding of how plants adapt to suboptimal environmental conditions in space.
Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 deficiency exacerbates asthma by modulating macrophage polarization
Authors: Duan Sheng-Zhong , Hou Chen-Chen , Yan Li-Feng , Sun Ke , Zhou Tian-Yu , Zou Yu-Xin , Xiong Wei-Ning 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Macrophage polarization plays an important role in asthma. Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) plays an important role in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases by regulating the function of macrophages. The aim of this research was to examine the role and mechanism of macrophage NCOR1 in the development of asthma. We used ovalbumin (OVA) to induce macrophage NCOR1-deficient mice for asthma formation. Our results revealed that macrophage NCOR1 deficiency markedly enhanced allergic airway inflammation. In addition, NCOR1 deficiency in macrophages was found to enhance M2 polarization. Mechanistic studies suggested that NCOR1 promoted macrophage polarization by interacting with PPARγ, contributing to the pathogenesis of asthma. In conclusion, macrophage NCOR1 deficiency promoted the regulation of M2 programming by derepressing PPARγ expression to exacerbate asthma. Macrophage NCOR1 might be a potential target for the treatment of asthma.