bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Australian pharmacists’ perceptions and practices towards reducing the risk of medicines-related harm in aged care residents
Authors: Ali Sheraz , Curtain Colin M. , Peterson Gregory M. , Salahudeen Mohammed S. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Older people living in residential aged care facilities frequently experience medicines-related harm. Evidence regarding the perception and practices towards reducing these harms may facilitate the development of customised educational programs for pharmacists providing services in RACFs.Objective: To explore Australian pharmacists’ opinions and practices towards reducing the risk of medicines-related harm in aged care residents.Methods: An online survey was developed based on a literature review, expert opinion, and feedback from pharmacists providing services in RACFs. A web link for the survey was shared via professional pharmacy organisations and social media groups with Australian pharmacists providing services in RACFs.Results: A total of 209 pharmacists participated in the survey. Of these, 76% (n = 158) were residential medication management review embedded pharmacists, and 24% (n = 51) were supply pharmacists for RACFs. Most pharmacists believed that medicines-related harm is common in residents (n = 174, 83%), yet few agreed that pharmacists have enough time to participate in medicines-related harm reduction services (n = 60, 28%). There was a high level of agreement regarding the key risk factors (e.g., inappropriate medicines, anticholinergic drug use, and transitions of care) and potential strategies (e.g., embedded pharmacists in RACFs, educating aged care staff, and collaborative pharmacist-led medication reviews) for reducing medicines-related harm in residents.Conclusion: Pharmacists agreed that older residents often experience medicines-related harm, but they did not frequently participate in medicines-related harm reduction services. Initiatives to engage pharmacists in team-based harm reduction services and educate aged care staff regarding safe medication management may improve residents’ safety and health outcomes.
Identification of anoikis-related molecular patterns to define tumor microenvironment and predict immunotherapy response and prognosis in soft-tissue sarcoma
Authors: Qi Lin , Chen Fangyue , Wang Lu , Yang Zhimin , Zhang Wenchao , Li Zhi-Hong 
Published: March 2023

Background: Soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is a massive threat to human health due to its high morbidity and malignancy. STS also represents more than 100 histologic and molecular subtypes, with different prognosis. There is growing evidence that anoikis play a key role in the proliferation and invasion of tumors. However, the effects of anoikis in the immune landscape and the prognosis of STS remain unclear.Methods: We analyzed the genomic and transcriptomic profiling of 34 anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in patient cohort of pan-cancer and STS from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Single-cell transcriptome was used to disclose the expression patterns of ARGs in specific cell types. Gene expression was further validated by real-time PCR and our own sequencing data. We established the Anoikis cluster and Anoikis subtypes by using unsupervised consensus clustering analysis. An anoikis scoring system was further built based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Anoikis clusters. The clinical and biological characteristics of different groups were evaluated.Results: The expressions of most ARGs were significantly different between STS and normal tissues. We found some common ARGs profiles across the pan-cancers. Network of 34 ARGs demonstrated the regulatory pattern and the association with immune cell infiltration. Patients from different Anoikis clusters or Anoikis subtypes displayed distinct clinical and biological characteristics. The scoring system was efficient in prediction of prognosis and immune cell infiltration. In addition, the scoring system could be used to predict immunotherapy response.Conclusion: Overall, our study thoroughly depicted the anoikis-related molecular and biological profiling and interactions of ARGs in STS. The Anoikis score model could guide the individualized management.
Relationships of computed tomography-based small vessel indices of the lungs with ventilation heterogeneity and high transfer coefficients in non-smokers with asthma
Authors: Shimizu Kaoruko , Kimura Hirokazu , Tanabe Naoya , Chubachi Shotaro , Sato Susumu , Suzuki Masaru , Tanimura Kazuya , Iijima Hiroaki , Oguma Akira , Ito Yoichi M. , Wakazono Nobuyasu , Takimoto-Sato Michiko , Matsumoto-Sasaki Machiko , Abe Yuki , Takei Nozomu , Makita Hironi , Nishimura Masaharu , Konno Satoshi ,   Hi-CARAT investigators
Published: March 2023

Background: The mechanism of high transfer coefficients of the lungs for carbon monoxide (Kco) in non-smokers with asthma is explained by the redistribution of blood flow to the area with preserved ventilation, to match the ventilation perfusion.Objectives: To examine whether ventilation heterogeneity, assessed by pulmonary function tests, is associated with computed tomography (CT)-based vascular indices and Kco in patients with asthma.Methods: Participants were enrolled from the Hokkaido-based Investigative Cohort Analysis for Refractory Asthma (Hi-CARAT) study that included a prospective asthmatic cohort. Pulmonary function tests including Kco, using single breath methods; total lung capacity (TLC), using multiple breath methods; and CT, were performed on the same day. The ratio of the lung volume assessed using single breath methods (alveolar volume; VA) to that using multiple breath methods (TLC) was calculated as an index of ventilation heterogeneity. The volume of the pulmonary small vessels &lt;5 mm2 in the whole lung (BV5 volume), and number of BV5 at a theoretical surface area of the lungs from the plural surface (BV5 number) were evaluated using chest CT images.Results: The low VA/TLC group (the lowest quartile) had significantly lower BV5 number, BV5 volume, higher BV5 volume/BV5 number, and higher Kco compared to the high VA/TLC group (the highest quartile) in 117 non-smokers, but not in 67 smokers. Multivariable analysis showed that low VA/TLC was associated with low BV5 number, after adjusting for age, sex, weight, lung volume on CT, and CT emphysema index in non-smokers (not in smokers).Conclusion: Ventilation heterogeneity may be associated with low BV5 number and high Kco in non-smokers (not in smokers). Future studies need to determine the dynamic regional system in ventilation, perfusion, and diffusion in asthma.
Integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal a positive role of BES1 in salt tolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Feng Lei , Li Yan , Zhou Yu-Ling , Meng Guang-Hua , Ji Zhao-Lin , Lin Wen-Hui , He Jun-Xian 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSalt stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and development. Previous studies have indicated that the steroidal hormones—brassinosteroids (BRs) are important regulators of plant responses to salt stress. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood.Methods(1) Phenotypic analysis ofbes1-D, BES1-RNAiand their wild-type (Col-0) under salt treatments with different concentrations of NaCl. (2) Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of BES1-regulated genes and proteins under salt treatment; (3) qRT-PCR validation of selected BES1-regulated genes under salt stress; (4) Transient transcriptional assay of BES1 regulation on its putative target genes inArabidopsisprotoplasts; (5) Electrophoresis Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) of BES1 binding with its potential target genes.Results and DiscussionPhenotypic analysis indicated thatbes1-D, a gain-of-function mutant of the BR-regulated transcription factor BES1 inArabidopsisshowed better salt tolerance than the wild-type plant, while a BES1 RNA interference (BES1-RNAi) line was more sensitive to salt stress. Global gene expression profiling and time series clustering analyses identified a total of 1,170 genes whose expression was boosted inbes1-Dunder salt stress. Further GO enrichment and gene functional network analyses identified several key modules that are regulated by BES1 and most sensitive to salt stress perturbations, including stress response, response to ABA and ROS, flavonoid biosynthesis and transmembrane transport. A comparative proteomic analysis performed under the same stress conditions supported the results from the transcriptome analysis. In addition, transient gene transcription assays inArabidopsisprotoplasts andin vitroDNA binding assays verified that BES1 regulates the expression of some ion transporter genes directly and indirectly. Taken together, our results support a positive role of BES1 in plant salt tolerance.
Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the response of Lotus corniculatus roots to low-phosphorus stress
Authors: Zhao Xin , Chen Ke-ke , Wang Lei-ting , Zhao Li-Li , Wang Pu-Chang 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionA lack of soil phosphorus (P) is a principal factor restricting the normal growth of Lotus corniculatus in the karst area of Guizhou Province, China, but the response mechanism of L. corniculatus under low-phosphorus stress remains unclear.MethodsTherefore, we treated two selected L. corniculatus lines (low-P-intolerant line 08518 and low-P-tolerant line 01549) from 13 L. corniculatus lines with normal phosphorus (0.5 mmol/L KH2PO4, NP) and low phosphorus (0.005 mmol/L KH2PO4, LP) concentrations to study changes in morphological, physiological and transcriptome data under low-phosphorus stress.ResultsThe low-P-tolerant line 01549 exhibited better performance under low-phosphorus stress. Compared with the NP treatment, all root morphological indicators of the low-P-tolerant line 01549 increased, and those of the low-P-intolerant line 08518 decreased under low-P stress. Compared with the NP treatment, acid phosphatase (ACP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities, and the malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP) and proline (Pro) contents of the two L. corniculatus lines increased under low-P stress. A transcriptome analysis of L. corniculatus showed that a total of 656 and 2243 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in line 01549 and line 08518, respectively. Meanwhile, the main pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolism, acid phosphatases, phosphate transporters and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as related genes were also screened by performing a KEGG enrichment analysis.DiscussionThe findings provide an essential point of reference for studying the physiological and molecular mechanism of the response to low-P stress in L. corniculatus.
Investigating the impact of written emotion disclosure on the level of occupational stress among intensive care nurses
Authors: Jafariathar Zahra , Haghighi Shayesteh , Jahani Simin , Maraghi Elham 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the impact of rewriting pleasant events on the level of occupational stress in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental research conducted on nurses working in the intensive care units of Imam Khomeini and Golestan hospitals in Ahvaz, from July to November 2021. Seventy-six nurses were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and were then randomly assigned to the intervention and the control groups. The nurses’ demographic information form and the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) were used to collect data. In the intervention group, the technique of rewriting pleasant events was used for 8 weeks, at least once a week. The data was analyzed with SPSS V20.ResultsNo significant difference in the demographic characteristics was observed between the intervention and the control groups (p &gt; 0.05). The pre-intervention occupational stress of the nurses in the intervention and the control groups were reported to be 173.86 ± 26.75 and 173.05 ± 24.47, respectively, showing no statistically significant difference (p = 0.89). After the intervention, the occupational stress scores were 134.21 ± 16.09 and 172.36 ± 24.33, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionConsidering the impact of rewriting pleasant events on the level of occupational stress of ICU nurses, it is recommended that nursing managers and nurses plan training programs for nurses in this area, and encourage other nurses to do so, too. It is also suggested to implement this intervention on the nurses of other wards as well.
Development and validation of the multidimensional impacts of movement scale (MIMS) for yoga, weightlifting, and running
Authors: Lynn Sarah , Basso Julia C. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundMovement is an essential element in maintaining overall well-being, producing both physical and mental health benefits. Yoga is a mindful movement practice, with traditional yogic texts providing a framework, called the Koshas, that delineates how an intentional movement practice may impact multidimensional aspects of an individual. To date, no self-report measure examines the multifaceted ways that movement affects the individual at a physical and psychological level. Therefore, we developed the Multidimensional Impacts of Movement Scale (MIMS) by aligning ancient yogic traditions with current neuroscientific concepts.MethodsMIMS was developed based on the five categories of the Koshas; 9 questions per Kosha resulted in 45 total questions. Participants (n = 103) self-identified as having yoga, running, or weightlifting as their primary movement practice, engaging in this practice at least 30 min per session, once a week, for the past 3 months. Participants engaged in their usual movement practice and then (within 2 h of their workout session) completed the MIMS along with a series of previously validated questionnaires. After a period of 2 weeks, participants completed their normal movement practice once again and took the MIMS a second time to assess test–retest reliability and Cronbach’s alpha. Validity testing included convergent and divergent validity testing through Pearson’s product-moment correlations and confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsOne-hundred and three participants completed all study measures. Test–retest reliability demonstrated stability over time (r = 0.737, p &lt; 0.001). Cronbach’s alpha was between 0.775 and 0.840 for each of the factors, p &lt; 0.001. MIMS was sensitive to confirmatory and discriminatory validity testing. Validity was also demonstrated through confirmatory factor analysis (i.e., Chi Square, Comparative Fit Index, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation).ConclusionMIMS is a valid and reliable tool to measure the multidimensional impacts of movement. The tool provides information about the effects of movement on a range of physical and psychological elements including subscales representing the body, energy, mind, intuition, and contentment. Physical activities that include aspects of mindfulness may demonstrate the most robust effects on the MIMS.
Shifting attitudes toward suicide over time: A latent profile analysis using the Korea National Suicide Survey
Authors: Lee Hyunju , Rhee Sang Jin , Kim Min Ji , Park Christopher Hyung Keun , Yang Jeong Hun , Son Kyunghoon , Park Jong-Ik , Ahn Yong Min 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSouth Korea has a high suicide rate, and changes in sociodemographic factors can further increase the rate. This study aims to (1) classify participants using the Attitudes toward Suicide Scale (ATTS) through latent profile analysis (LPA), (2) identify and compare the associations between sociodemographic factors with the ATTS in two survey years (2013, 2018), and (3) determine the moderating effect of survey year.MethodsSix sub-factors of the ATTS were used for LPA with a total of 2,973 participants. Sociodemographic characteristics were compared between groups, and multinomial logistic regression was conducted for each survey year. A moderation analysis was conducted with the survey year as moderator.ResultsLPA identified three groups of attitudes toward suicide: incomprehensible (10.3%), mixed (52.8%), and permissive (36.9%). The proportion of permissive attitudes increased from 2013 (32.3%) to 2018 (41.7%). Participants reporting suicidal behavior were more likely to be in the mixed and permissive groups than the incomprehensible group in both years. People reporting no religious beliefs were associated with the permissive group in the two survey years. The influence of education and income levels on groups differed by survey year.DiscussionThere were significant changes between 2013 and 2018 in attitudes toward suicide in the Korean population.
Equitable psychiatry, telehealth, and the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of national data
Authors: Yeatman Thomas , Enticott Joanne , Lakra Vinay , Meadows Graham 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAt the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was foreseen that the number of face-to-face psychiatry consultations would suffer a reduction. In order to compensate, the Australian Government introduced new Medicare-subsidized telephone and video-linked consultations. This study investigates how these developments affected the pre-existing inequity of psychiatry service delivery in Australia.MethodsThe study analyses five and a half years of national Medicare data listing all subsidized psychiatry consultation consumption aggregated to areas defined as Statistical Area level 3 (SA3s; which have population sizes of 30 k−300 k). Face-to-face, video-linked and telephone consultations are considered separately. The analysis consists of presenting rates of consumption, concentration graphs, and concentration indices to quantify inequity, using Socio Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) scores to rank the SA3 areas according to socio-economic disadvantage.ResultsThere is a 22% drop in the rate of face-to-face psychiatry consultation consumption across Australia in the final study period compared with the last study period predating the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the loss is made up by the introduction of the new subsidized telephone and video-linked consultations. Referring to the same time periods, there is a reduction in the inequity of the distribution of face-to-face consultations, where the concentration index reduces from 0.166 to 0.129. The new subsidized video-linked consultations are distributed with severe inequity in the great majority of subpopulations studied. Australia-wide, video-linked consultations are also distributed with gross inequity, with a concentration index of 0.356 in the final study period. The effect of this upon overall inequity was to cancel out the reduction of inequity resulting from the reduction of face-to face appointments.ConclusionAustralian subsidized video-linked psychiatry consultations have been distributed with gross inequity and have been a significant exacerbator of the overall inequity of psychiatric service provision. Future policy decisions wishing to reduce this inequity should take care to reduce the risk posed by expanding telepsychiatry.
Job security among healthcare workers in Guangdong, China
Authors: He Qingxia , Martins Luís M. Dias , Wang Shibin , Zhan Qishan , Yu Xiao , Ba Zhiqiong , Li Wangjiu , Huang Huigen 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the sense of job security and its influencing factors among healthcare workers in Guangdong, China.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used stratified random sampling to enroll healthcare workers employed by hospitals across Guangdong province between September 2020 and October 2020.ResultsA total of 4,173 questionnaires were distributed, and 4,076 were returned for an effective recovery rate of 97.68%. The overall score for the sense of security was 64.85 ± 20.09, and the item means score was 2.95 ± 0.91. Multiple-linear regression analysis showed that work experience (years), education level, job position, specialty unit, employment type, marital status, job satisfaction, WPV frequency, daily sleep duration, weekly overtime hours, average monthly earnings (RMB), hospital level, and region were significantly associated with senses of poor security among healthcare workers (all P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsHospital workers in Guangdong reported relatively low levels of job security. Levels of job security were significantly associated with multiple factors which could be addressed by hospital practices to improve the sense of job security among healthcare workers.
Expansion in speech time can restore comprehension in a simultaneously speaking bilingual robot
Authors: Pourfannan Hamed , Mahzoon Hamed , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: In this study, the development of a social robot, capable of giving speech simultaneously in more than one language was in mind. However, the negative effect of background noise on speech comprehension is well-documented in previous works. This deteriorating effect is more highlighted when the background noise has speech-like properties. Hence, the presence of speech as the background noise in a simultaneously speaking bilingual robot can be fatal for the speech comprehension of each person listening to the robot.Methods: To improve speech comprehension and consequently, user experience in the intended bilingual robot, the effect of time expansion on speech comprehension in a multi-talker speech scenario was investigated. Sentence recognition, speech comprehension, and subjective evaluation tasks were implemented in the study.Results: The obtained results suggest that a reduced speech rate, leading to an expansion in the speech time, in addition to increased pause duration in both the target and background speeches can lead to statistically significant improvement in both sentence recognition, and speech comprehension of participants. More interestingly, participants got a higher score in the time-expanded multi-talker speech than in the standard-speed single-talker speech in the speech comprehension and, in the sentence recognition task. However, this positive effect could not be attributed merely to the time expansion, as we could not repeat the same positive effect in a time-expanded single-talker speech.Discussion: The results obtained in this study suggest a facilitating effect of the presence of the background speech in a simultaneously speaking bilingual robot provided that both languages are presented in a time-expanded manner. The implications of such a simultaneously speaking robot are discussed.