bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
161 Evaluation of Feeding Behavior of Katahdin Lambs DuringHaemonchus Contortous Infection
Authors: Maierle Camren , Weaver Andrew R , Greiner Scott P , Felton Eugene , Bowdridge Scott L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Internal parasites, specifically Haemonchus contortus (Hc), are detrimental to flock profitability. Loss of production efficiency and death in severe cases, contribute to the economic burden documented worldwide. Understanding the extensive impact gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) have on nutritional loss and feeding behavior may prove valuable. The aim of this study was to evaluate infected Katahdin lambs for feeding behavior in a Growsafe system. Katahdin ewes from the Virginia Tech Southwest Agriculture Research and Extension Center in Glade Spring, Virginia were mated to rams (n = 8) of varying PWEC EBV genotype. A subset of lambs was selected for evaluation in a feedlot environment and transported to West Virginia University’s Animal Science Farm. Lambs were fed a complete pellet (16% CP) ad libitum while individual intake was measured with a GrowSafe system. One half of the lambs from each sire PWEC EBV group were infected with 5,000 Hc L3 larvae and observed for 5 weeks in year (Y1) and 6 weeks in year 2 (Y2) alongside uninfected contemporaries. Artificial Hc infection resulted in lambs becoming moderately infected with FEC ranging from (0 –208 eggs/g). Daily feeding behavior was collected on all lambs, directly related to feed consumption/removal. Number of visits, duration of visits and duration spent feeding/day were analyzed to evaluate feeding behavior. Visit duration, daily duration, and visit intake was not statistically different for infected vs uninfected lambs. However, significance was detected in both years for feeding behavior between sex. Ram lambs exhibited greater duration per visit than ewe lambs in Y1 and Y2 (89.7 vs. 78.6 seconds/visit, 122.8 vs. 82.4 seconds/visit respectively; P &lt; 0.05). Increased feeding durations for ram lambs resulted in rams exhibiting reduced frequency of feeding events compared with ewe lambs in Y1 and Y2 (36.3 vs. 43.9 visits, 25.8 vs. 40.8 visits/day respectively; P &lt; 0.01). Increased duration of feeding/visit in ram lambs also resulted in greater feed intake/visit compared with ewe lambs in Y1 (58.7 vs. 42.7 g/visit; P &lt; 0.0001). Feed intake and total daily feeding duration was not significantly different between sex. Further analysis is needed with greater levels of parasite infection to detect parasite interaction on feeding behavior. However, feeding behavior differences between sex of lambs is a significant factor nutritional consumption of feedlot environments.
82 Impact of Applying Quality Matters Essential Standards in an Animal Science Physiology Course
Authors: Trivedi Shweta , Deuser Kylie , Zheng Yaxin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Quality Matters (QM) program consists of a stringent course quality peer-review process designed to give faculty feedback on the structure of online/hybrid courses which results in the national certification by the QM organization (Lynch and Gaston, 2020). The objective of this pedagogical study was to quantify student perceptions of online learning experience by utilizing 8 specific standards of course quality in a QM-certified, 3 credit hour, Physiology of Domestic Animals course. A total of 46 students out of 114 enrolled, completed an anonymous Qualtrics survey at the end of the course in Spring 2022 (IRB 24779). The survey consisted of 21 questions broken into the 8 general standards of Course Overview and Introduction (2 questions) Learning Objectives (5 questions), Assessment and Measurement (3 questions), Instructional Materials (2 questions), Learner Interaction and Engagement (3 questions), Course Technology (2 questions), Learner Support (2 Questions), Accessibility and Usability (2 Questions). Each question used a Likert Scale from 0 to 4 for responses; 0 (Strongly Disagree), 1 (Disagree), 2 (Neutral), 3 (Agree), and 4 (Strongly Agree). A multivariate data analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to summarize perception of the studnets on QM standards that had the most impact on their online learning experience. About 81.16% of the data variance was explained by the first five PCs together where we retained Eigen values greater than 1. Students strongly agreed that Course Overview & Introduction, Learning Objectives, Instructional materials, Learner Support and Course Technology were a critical part of their online learning in the course. Over 8.7% students disagreed and strongly disagreed to Assessments and Measurement being a key part of their hybrid learning experience. The results clearly indicate that applying QM standards to a content heavy, required core course for animal science students significantly improved the student learning experience at NC State University.
79 Cross-Training Future Workforce on Data Handling and Interpretation for Precision Agriculture Systems
Authors: Paudyal Sushil , Bhandari Mahendra , Huang Lucy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to report observations from a 10-week summer training program on Data Management in Animal and Plant Sciences. A total of six undergraduate students from three universities in the Texas A&M University System [Texas A&M University (TAMU)-College Station, TAMU-Kingsville, and TAMU-Corpus Christi] representing disciplines of Animal Science, Plant Science, and Computer Science learned handling and interpretation of sensor-based data derived from both animal sensors and UAV images of plant fields. Students attended weekly training sessions on data collection, management, processing, and visualization software including ArcGIS, MySQL and power BI. In addition, students also worked as a team and developed a database project and gave an oral presentation on their team project. On the pretraining survey, two students indicated that they had a background in animal science, two students indicated a background in plant science, one student in computer science, and one student with experience in spatial data. To begin with, the students had a mean score of 4.3 (range 0–8; on a scale of 0-10) for knowledge of data management in agriculture. One third of the students indicated that they did not have data handling experience, and one half of the students had some data analysis experience whereas one student indicated partial experience of working with data. In general, students indicated that they were very satisfied with the internship experience. On a scale of 0-10, the mean satisfaction score was 8.75 (range 7.5-10). Students indicated that they were more confident to work with and talk about data from animal systems (mean 8.5; range 7-10) and plant systems (mean = 8.4; range = 7-10). All students agreed that they learned at least one new concept related to animal and plant data ecosystems. Students indicated that the program was a good start for understanding the overall data architecture, indicated progress on data handling and thought helpful to understand opportunities in agriculture. All students agreed that their understanding of data management in agriculture changed significantly because of the course. Consequently, four students indicated that they were interested in career opportunities related to data in agriculture whereas two students indicated their interest in application of the developed tools for the on-farm use. When evaluating effect of the cross disciplinary training, students agreed that the training was helpful in learning concepts outside of their own discipline with the mean score 9.4(range 8-10) on a scale of 0-10. All students indicated that they learned team management skills and skills working with people that are different from their own. Students suggested improvement on the communications, prerecorded videos, in-person meetings, weekly reporting reviews in the future iterations for students to benefit more from the program.
5 Effect of Soy co-Products in Supplements for Grazing Cattle on Growth, Complete Blood Cell Counts, and Inflammatory Response Following a Lipopolysaccharide Challenge
Authors: Lansdell Bralee S , Midkiff Kirsten A , Scott Rachel M , Cheek Robin A , Littlejohn Brittni P , Powell Jeremy G , Galloway Doug L , Reynolds Jana L , Shoulders Benjamin P , Kegley Elizabeth B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The objective was to determine the effect of soy co-products (soybean meal and soy oil) in the diet on the growth and hemocytology of cattle during a 56-day growing phase and the physiological/behavioral response to an endotoxin challenge. Angus crossbred steers (n = 36; 289 ± 31 kg, initial body weight ± SD) were stratified by body weight and sire; and assigned randomly to pastures (n = 9; 0.45 ha/mixed-grass pasture). Pastures were assigned randomly to of 3 dietary treatments: 1) a control supplement containing no soy co-products, 2) a supplement containing soybean meal, or 3) a supplement containing soy oil. All supplements were isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. Cattle were fed supplements (2.45 kg DM/day) for a period of 56 days during which weight and blood samples for complete blood count (CBC) were taken every 14 days. At the conclusion of the growing phase, cattle were assigned randomly to of 2 challenge groups (conducted 6 days apart) for a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge (i.v. infusion of 0.5 µg LPS/kg of body weight). A minimum of 18 hours before sampling, cattle were fitted with jugular vein catheters and placed into stanchions. Sickness behavior scores and rectal temperatures were collected every 30 minutes for a duration of 8 hours following LPS infusion. Body weights were analyzed using pen means and the MIXED procedure of SAS specific for repeated measures with treatment, day, and the treatment × day interaction as fixed effects and replicate as a random effect. CBC were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS specific for repeated measures with treatment, day, and the treatment × day interaction as fixed effects, replicate as a random effect, and pen specified as the subject. Rectal temperatures and behavior scores were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS specific for repeated measures with treatment, time, and the treatment × time interaction as fixed effects and challenge group as a random effect with calf as the subject. Dietary inclusion of soy co-products did not affect the body weights of steers for the 56-day growing phase (treatment and treatment × day, P ≥ 0.20), nor were any hemocytology measurements affected (treatment and treatment × day, P ≥ 0.12) during the growing phase. Following the endotoxin challenge there was no effect of treatment or treatment × time (P ≥ 0.57) for rectal temperatures or sickness behavior scores. Therefore, preliminary results indicate that inclusion of soy co-products in cattle diets did not affect growth or complete blood counts during a 56-day growing phase, neither did diet affect body temperature or sickness behavior in response to an endotoxin challenge.
The Amsterdam dealer Hans Le Thoor at the court of Emperor Rudolf II
Authors: Dobalová Sylva 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hans Le Thoor of Amsterdam is known as a versatile art dealer, who conducted business in the Netherlands. In 1620 he made an ill-fated attempt to sell Dutch paintings to the King of Denmark, Christian IV (1577–1648), with the help of the ‘painter and spy’ Pieter Isaacsz (1569–1625). This study draws attention to the fact that, before this interesting episode, Le Thoor had been active in Central Europe in dealings with Emperor Rudolf II (1552–1612). The inventories of the Rudolfine collections list exotic objects, naturalia and Chinese paintings delivered by Le Thoor to the court in Prague in 1609. His experience in Prague had a bearing on the later attempted sale to the Danish king, to whom Le Thoor also tried to sell Rudolfine paintings that he had acquired in Brussels between 1618 and 1620 at the partial sell-off of the collection of Rudolf’s brother Archduke Albrecht (1559–1621). New information on Le Thoor’s life and business strategies has come to light through study of archival sources relating to his activities with the Habsburgs. As presented here, these findings advance our knowledge of the mode of operation and scale of international dealer networks in Le Thoor’s time.
JNK signaling during IL-3–mediated differentiation contributes to the c-kit–potentiated allergic inflammatory capacity of mast cells
Authors: Hicks Natalie J , Crozier Robert W E , MacNeil Adam J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mast cells are leukocytes that mediate various aspects of immunity and drive allergic hypersensitivity pathologies. Mast cells differentiate from hematopoietic progenitor cells in a manner that is largely IL-3 dependent. However, molecular mechanisms, including the signaling pathways that control this process, have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Here, we examine the role of the ubiquitous and critical mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway due to its position downstream of the IL-3 receptor. Hematopoietic progenitor cells were harvested from the bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice and differentiated to bone marrow–derived mast cells in the presence of IL-3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors. Inhibition of the JNK node of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway induced the most comprehensive changes to the mature mast cell phenotype. Bone marrow–derived mast cells differentiated during impaired JNK signaling expressed impaired c-kit levels on the mast cell surface, first detected at week 3 of differentiation. Following 1 wk of inhibitor withdrawal and subsequent stimulation of IgE-sensitized FcεRI receptors with allergen (TNP-BSA) and c-kit receptors with stem cell factor, JNK-inhibited bone marrow–derived mast cells exhibited impediments in early-phase mediator release through degranulation (80% of control), as well as late-phase secretion of CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, TNF, and IL-6. Experiments with dual stimulation conditions (TNP-BSA + stem cell factor or TNP-BSA alone) showed that impediments in mediator secretion were found to be mechanistically linked to reduced c-kit surface levels. This study is the first to implicate JNK activity in IL-3–mediated mast cell differentiation and also identifies development as a critical and functionally determinative period.
Development of an automated mosquito pupae counter
Authors: Esnault Jérémy , Scussel Sarah , Gaudillat Benjamin , Lejarre Quentin , Toussaint Matéo , Duployer Marianne , Gárdos Miklós , Bán Péter , Mavingui Patrick , Tortosa Pablo , Cattel Julien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The production of mosquitoes for control programs or basic research is facilitated by the standardization of rearing conditions allowing the daily manipulation of thousands of individuals. It is crucial to develop mechanical or electronic systems for controlling the density of mosquitoes at each development stage with the aim of reducing costs, time, and human errors. We present herein an automatic mosquito counter using a recirculating water system allowing rapid and reliable counting of pupae without detectable increased mortality. Using Aedes albopictus pupae, we determined the density of pupae and the time of counting for which the device is most accurate, and evaluated the time saved using this device. Lastly, we discuss how this mosquito pupae counter can be useful in small-scale or mass-rearing contexts enabling a number of applications for research purposes as well as operational mosquito control programs.
Intermittent fasting interventions to leverage metabolic and circadian mechanisms for cancer treatment and supportive care outcomes
Authors: Kalam Faiza , James Dara L , Li Yun Rose , Coleman Michael F , Kiesel Violet A , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M , Hursting Stephen D , Sears Dorothy D , Kleckner Amber S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Intermittent fasting entails restricting food intake during specific times of day, days of the week, religious practice, or surrounding clinically important events. Herein, the metabolic and circadian rhythm mechanisms underlying the proposed benefits of intermittent fasting for the cancer population are described. We summarize epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical studies in cancer published between January 2020 and August 2022 and propose avenues for future research. An outstanding concern regarding the use of intermittent fasting among cancer patients is that fasting often results in caloric restriction, which can put patients already prone to malnutrition, cachexia, or sarcopenia at risk. Although clinical trials do not yet provide sufficient data to support the general use of intermittent fasting in clinical practice, this summary may be useful for patients, caregivers, and clinicians who are exploring intermittent fasting as part of their cancer journey for clinical outcomes and symptom management.
Body composition and endometrial cancer outcomes
Authors: Arteaga Diana P , DeKraker Corina , Ennis Marguerite , Dewey Nicole , Goebel Emily A , Welch Stephen , Pimentel Isabel , Ippolito Joseph E , Lohmann Ana Elisa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a known risk factor for developing endometrial cancer. However, the association of obesity with endometrial cancer (EC) outcomes has not been clearly established. This study examined how outcomes in women with early stage EC vary with body composition measured via computed tomography (CT).

Methods
In this retrospective study, patients diagnosed with EC international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages I-III and available CT scans were included. Automatica software was used to assess the areas of visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and skeletal muscle area.

Results
Of 293 patient charts assessed, 199 met eligibility criteria. Median body mass index (BMI) was 32.8 kg/m2 (interquartile range [IQ] = 26.8-38.9); 61.8% had histologic subtype endometrioid carcinoma. Adjusted for age, international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and histologic subtype, a BMI of at least 30 vs less than 30 kg/m2 was associated with lower endometrial cancer–specific survival (ECSS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27 to 4.25) and overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.35 to 5.39). Higher IMAT 75th vs 25th percentile and SAT of at least 225.6 vs less than 225.6 cm2 were associated with lower ECSS (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.13, and HR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.13 to 5.88) and OS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.11 to 2.02, and HR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.2 to 5.01), respectively. The association of visceral adipose tissue (75th vs 25th percentile) with ECSS and OS was not statistically significant (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.91 to 2.22, and HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.81 to 1.89).

Conclusion
Higher BMI, IMAT, and SAT were associated with higher mortality from EC and lower OS. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these relationships could inform strategies to improve patient outcomes.
The ‘omics of obesity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Geitgey Delaney K , Lee Miyoung , Cottrill Kirsten A , Jaffe Maya , Pilcher William , Bhasin Swati , Randall Jessica , Ross Anthony J , Salemi Michelle , Castillo-Castrejon Marisol , Kilgore Matthew B , Brown Ayjha C , Boss Jeremy M , Johnston Rich , Fitzpatrick Anne M , Kemp Melissa L , English Robert , Weaver Eric , Bagchi Pritha , Walsh Ryan , Scharer Christopher D , Bhasin Manoj , Chandler Joshua D , Haynes Karmella A , Wellberg Elizabeth A , Henry Curtis J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The obesity pandemic currently affects more than 70 million Americans and more than 650 million individuals worldwide. In addition to increasing susceptibility to pathogenic infections (eg, SARS-CoV-2), obesity promotes the development of many cancer subtypes and increases mortality rates in most cases. We and others have demonstrated that, in the context of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), adipocytes promote multidrug chemoresistance. Furthermore, others have demonstrated that B-ALL cells exposed to the adipocyte secretome alter their metabolic states to circumvent chemotherapy-mediated cytotoxicity. To better understand how adipocytes impact the function of human B-ALL cells, we used a multi-omic RNA-sequencing (single-cell and bulk transcriptomic) and mass spectroscopy (metabolomic and proteomic) approaches to define adipocyte-induced changes in normal and malignant B cells. These analyses revealed that the adipocyte secretome directly modulates programs in human B-ALL cells associated with metabolism, protection from oxidative stress, increased survival, B-cell development, and drivers of chemoresistance. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of mice on low- and high-fat diets revealed that obesity suppresses an immunologically active B-cell subpopulation and that the loss of this transcriptomic signature in patients with B-ALL is associated with poor survival outcomes. Analyses of sera and plasma samples from healthy donors and those with B-ALL revealed that obesity is associated with higher circulating levels of immunoglobulin-associated proteins, which support observations in obese mice of altered immunological homeostasis. In all, our multi-omics approach increases our understanding of pathways that may promote chemoresistance in human B-ALL and highlight a novel B-cell–specific signature in patients associated with survival outcomes.
Genome-Wide Identification of Gene Loss Events Suggests Loss Relics as a Potential Source of Functional lncRNAs in Humans
Authors: Wen Zheng-Yang , Kang Yu-Jian , Ke Lan , Yang De-Chang , Gao Ge 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gene loss is a prevalent source of genetic variation in genome evolution. Calling loss events effectively and efficiently is a critical step for systematically characterizing their functional and phylogenetic profiles genome wide. Here, we developed a novel pipeline integrating orthologous inference and genome alignment. Interestingly, we identified 33 gene loss events that give rise to evolutionarily novel long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that show distinct expression features and could be associated with various functions related to growth, development, immunity, and reproduction, suggesting loss relics as a potential source of functional lncRNAs in humans. Our data also demonstrated that the rates of protein gene loss are variable among different lineages with distinct functional biases.
KREH1 RNA helicase activity promotes utilization of initiator gRNAs across multiple mRNAs in trypanosome RNA editing
Authors: Dubey Ashutosh P , Tylec Brianna L , Mishra Amartya , Sortino Katherine , Chen Runpu , Sun Yijun , Read Laurie K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mitochondrial U-indel RNA editing in kinetoplastid protozoa is directed by trans-acting gRNAs and mediated by a holoenzyme with associated factors. Here, we examine the function of the holoenzyme-associated KREH1 RNA helicase in U-indel editing. We show that KREH1 knockout (KO) impairs editing of a small subset of mRNAs. Overexpression of helicase-dead mutants results in expanded impairment of editing across multiple transcripts, suggesting the existence of enzymes that can compensate for KREH1 in KO cells. In depth analysis of editing defects using quantitative RT-PCR and high-throughput sequencing reveals compromised editing initiation and progression in both KREH1-KO and mutant-expressing cells. In addition, these cells exhibit a distinct defect in the earliest stages of editing in which the initiator gRNA is bypassed, and a small number of editing events takes place just outside this region. Wild type KREH1 and a helicase-dead KREH1 mutant interact similarly with RNA and holoenzyme, and overexpression of both similarly disorders holoenzyme homeostasis. Thus, our data support a model in which KREH1 RNA helicase activity facilitates remodeling of initiator gRNA-mRNA duplexes to permit accurate utilization of initiating gRNAs on multiple transcripts.