bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐velocity impact and self‐healing behavior of CFRP laminates with poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid) filament reinforcement
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhen , Tie Ying , Li Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn experimental study is performed to explore the low‐velocity impact (LVI) and self‐healing behavior of carbon‐fiber‐reinforced‐polymer (CFRP) laminates reinforced by thermoplastic poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid) (EMAA) filaments. Firstly, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermos‐gravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) are used to determine the process parameters. Thereafter, the unreinforced laminates and EMAA reinforced laminates are prepared via phased hot‐processing curing process. The LVI tests with four energy levels (5, 15, 25 and 35 J) are then carried out on the two types of specimens. In these energy cases, the peak‐force values of the reinforced specimens are 2.2%, 1.9%, 2.3% and 7.5% higher than those of the unreinforced ones, while the energy‐absorption‐rate values of the reinforced ones are 6.02%, 3.53%, 4.24% and 2.32% lower. The comparisons demonstrate the impact‐resistance enhancement of EMAA. Moreover, multiple LVI tests are performed on the unhealed and healed specimens. In 15 and 25 J cases, around 6.92% higher peak load and 4.58% lower absorbed energy are observed within the healed specimens, which is attributed to the healing effect. The healing mechanism is investigated by utilizing attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM) technologies. It reveals that EMAA flows into the delaminations and cracks during the healing process, and thus accomplishing self‐healing behavior effectively.
Enhanced interfacial and mechanical properties of glass fabric/epoxy composites via grafting silanized carbon nanotubes onto the fibers
Authors: Wang Yuting , Chen Tianyu , Han Wanshu , Yang Aoyun , Zeng Shaohua , Chen Pengpeng , Xu Ying , Nie Wangyan , Zhou Yifeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor enhancing the interfacial adhesion of glass fabric (GF)/epoxy composites, silanized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to treat GF surface, where carboxyl MWCNTs were functionalized by silane coupling agents based on the covalent or non‐covalent bonding, followed by the vacuum infusion process of laminated composites. A detailed study was employed to confirm the effects of silanized MWCNTs uniform dispersion and interfacial properties of resultant composites. Making full use of suitable silane coupling agents (γ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane) treatment, the uniform MWCNTs dispersion and strong fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion could be achieved. Compared with the control sample, flexural and interlaminar shear strengths of resultant composites were enhanced by about 24% and 22%, respectively, indicating superior mechanical strength for composites; flexural modulus and storage modulus in the glassy state were improved by about 36% and 68%, respectively, suggesting higher stiffness for composites; the work of fracture (Wf) under interlaminar shear tests was raised by about 188%, revealing better interlaminar fracture toughness of composites. In addition, glass transition temperature of resultant composites also increased. This work provides a guiding strategy for manufacturing fiber‐reinforced composites requiring adjustable strength, stiffness, and toughness.Highlights
Silane coupling agent was grafted on MWCNTs by covalent/non‐covalent bonding.
Active groups of silanized MWCNTs induced crosslinking reactions with matrix.
Silanized MWCNTs dispersion and glass fiber/matrix adhesion were improved.
Strengthening/toughening mechanisms of laminated composites were analyzed.
Untargeted‐based metabolomics analysis and in vitro/in silico antiviral activity of extracts from Phyllanthus brasiliensis (Aubl.) Poir
Authors: Carvalho Alice Rhelly V. , Reis José Diogo E. , Gomes Paulo Wender P. , Ferraz Ariane Coelho , Mardegan Horrana A. , Menegatto Marília Bueno da Silva , Souza Lima Rafaela Lameira , de Sarges Maria Rosilda V. , Pamplona Sônia das G. S. R. , Jeunon Gontijo Karen Sartori , de Magalhães José Carlos , da Silva Milton N. , Magalhães Cintia Lopes de Brito , Silva Consuelo Yumiko Yoshioka e 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study describes the molecular profile and the potential antiviral activity of extracts from Phyllanthus brasiliensis, a plant widely found in the Brazilian Amazon. The research aims to shed light on the potential use of this species as a natural antiviral agent.MethodsThe extracts were analysed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) system, a potent analytical technique to discover drug candidates. In the meantime, in vitro antiviral assays were performed against Mayaro, Oropouche, Chikungunya, and Zika viruses. In addition, the antiviral activity of annotated compounds was predicted by in silico methods.ResultsOverall, 44 compounds were annotated in this study. The results revealed that P. brasiliensis has a high content of fatty acids, flavones, flavan‐3‐ols, and lignans. Furthermore, in vitro assays revealed potent antiviral activity against different arboviruses, especially lignan‐rich extracts against Zika virus (ZIKV), as follows: methanolic extract from bark (MEB) [effective concentration for 50% of the cells (EC50) = 0.80 μg/mL, selectivity index (SI) = 377.59], methanolic extract from the leaf (MEL) (EC50 = 0.84 μg/mL, SI = 297.62), and hydroalcoholic extract from the leaf (HEL) (EC50 = 1.36 μg/mL, SI = 735.29). These results were supported by interesting in silico prediction, where tuberculatin (a lignan) showed a high antiviral activity score.ConclusionsPhyllanthus brasiliensis extracts contain metabolites that could be a new kick‐off point for the discovery of candidates for antiviral drug development, with lignans becoming a promising trend for further virology research.
Should schools “return to normal”? Mixed outcomes resulting from COVID‐19 in schools
Authors: Tomkunas Alexandria J. , Welliver Megan , Wink Mackenzie N. , LaRusso Maria D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic dramatically altered practices in the K‐12 education system. Though several studies have documented impacts on students and staff, limited research has explored educators' experiences with these changes. This study addresses this gap using interview data to examine elementary school educators' perspectives. Results suggest that the pandemic facilitated a variety of adaptations in schools that led to outcomes that were primarily negative (student social development and educator stress), mixed (student well‐being and academic achievement; educator support, time demands, and well‐being), or positive (student resilience and flexibility; educator resilience, sense of community, autonomy, and flexibility). This study describes ways in which pandemic‐related changes in schools produced a mix of unfavorable and favorable conditions. An important implication is that rather than aiming for a complete “return to normal,” schools should identify what may have worked better during the pandemic, such as increased social‐emotional learning and individualized instruction, and explore ways in which such changes could be maintained going forward.
Psychological symptoms in high achieving students: The multiple mediating effects of parental achievement pressure, perfectionism, and academic expectation stress
Authors: Haspolat Namık Kemal , Yalçın İlhan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the correlations between psychological symptoms in high‐achieving students with performance‐oriented assessment, parental psychological control, parental achievement pressure, perfectionism, and academic expectation stress. The study group consisted of 1134 science high school students (658 females [57.1%], 486 males [42.9%]) aged between 14 and 19 years (mean = 16.26, SD = 0.871). In the research, the Classroom Assessment Environment Scale, Leuven Adolescent Perceived Parenting Scale, Parental Achievement Pressure Scale, Academic Expectation Stress Inventory, Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale‐21 were used as data collection tools. The research, using the correlational survey model, analyzed the data with structural equation modeling. In the structural model, performance‐oriented assessment and parental psychological control significantly predicted parental achievement pressure, while parental achievement pressure significantly predicted perfectionism, academic expectation stress, and psychological symptoms. Parental achievement pressure had a mediating role in the relationship between performance‐oriented assessment and parental psychological control with psychological symptoms. Performance‐oriented assessment and parental psychological control indirectly predicted psychological symptoms mediated by parental achievement pressure, perfectionism, and academic expectation stress. Based on the multigroup structural equation model, it was also seen that the structural model did not differ by gender.
Special structures and thermal stabilities of polyurethanes derived from diol and triol having oxazolidone moieties
Authors: Yoshida Yoshiaki , Yoshinaga Yuki , Endo Takeshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe synthesized regular polyurethanes from the diol having oxazolidone structure (Diol‐1) and the aliphatic diisocyanate by typical polyaddition. The results of the structural analysis suggested that the polyurethane having a cyclic urethane structure such as oxazolidone formed a rod‐like structure, although the control polyurethane having a chain urethane structure formed a linear structure. The polyaddition of Diol‐1 and aliphatic diisocyanate with triol having oxazolidone structure (Triol‐1) as a crosslinker also proceeded successfully to achieve corresponding polyurethanes. However, the polyurethanes containing a molar ratio of Triol‐1 less than or equal 50% were soluble in high polar organic solvents nevertheless those polyurethanes contained some trifunctional units in the polymer chain. On the other hand, the polyurethanes containing a molar ratio of Triol‐1 more than 50% were insoluble in any organic solvents. We hypothesized that the soluble polyurethanes containing Triol‐1 formed multi‐branched structure and the insoluble polyurethanes formed cross‐linking structure. Such structures of polymer chain affected significantly to the thermal properties of the obtained polyurethanes.
Efficient CH3OH formation on H2/Ar plasma‐treated CoO sites for CO2 + H2 + H2O DBD system
Authors: Pan Jie , Li Bin , Dou Liguang , Gao Yuan , He Pengchen , Shao Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPacking heterogeneous catalysts to achieve a better plasma–catalyst synergy is critical to promoting CO2 conversion into high‐value chemicals. Herein, a series of CoO‐based catalysts were synthesized, and the treated H2/Ar–CoO possessed the highest CH3OH selectivity (39.6%) in the CO2 + H2 + H2O system, about four times higher than the initial CoO (10.0%). Systemic characterizations showed that H2/Ar plasma treatment significantly increased the oxygen vacancy (Ov) concentration of H2/Ar–CoO by Ar+ bombardment and synchronous H reduction. Considering the key role of CH3O on CH3OH generation upon kinetic simulations, we proposed that the Ov in H2/Ar–CoO could accelerate the CH3O/OH adsorption and further recombine with H/CH3, in which the H2O provided abundant OH/H radicals via electron‐impact process. This study highlighted the importance of using H2O with Ov‐rich catalysts for plasma‐enabled CH3OH synthesis.
A multi user‐centred design approach framework to develop aesthetically pleasing and sustainable OTCP packaging
Authors: Camilleri Tamasine , Farrugia Philip , Refalo Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the healthcare industry moving towards self‐medication, the number of self‐service pharmacies stocking over‐the‐counter pharmaceuticals (OTCP) is rising. The aesthetic attributes of OTCP packaging are critical to attract consumers' attention against competing products. Moreover, sustainable design aims at minimising the negative environmental impacts of packaging. Studies show that stakeholders' interests should be represented more in pharmaceutical packaging, specifically in the early stages of the design process. For this reason, OTCP packaging design is challenging, as sustainable packaging is typically seen as unappealing. Within this context, this paper presents a novel and comprehensive framework aimed at supporting designers to develop aesthetically pleasing and sustainable OTCP packaging, placing multiple users at its core. Studies with OTCP packaging stakeholders were first conducted to identify the framework requirements together with the necessary OTCP packaging attributes. A framework architecture was developed and subsequently implemented in a proof‐of‐concept computer‐based tool. The framework and its implementation were evaluated with the OTCP packaging development stakeholders. Results provide a degree of evidence that the framework contributes significantly to guide OTCP packaging designers in taking the right decisions and can also provide the first steps towards considering aesthetics and sustainability in the packaging design in other sectors, namely, food and beverage.
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty outcomes in patients previously treated by pulmonary endarterectomy surgery are inferior to those of inoperable patients
Authors: Kirkby Louise C. , Rodgers Matthew S. , Amaral‐Almeida Liliana , Sheares Karen , Toshner Mark , Bunclark Katherine , Bartnik Aleksandra , Taboada Dolores , Ng Choo , Taghavi Fouad J. , Tsui Steven , Cannon John E. , Weir‐McCall Jonathan R. , Coghlan John G. , Jenkins David P. , Pepke‐Zaba Joanna , Hoole Stephen P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) may not achieve full clearance of vascular obstructions in patients with more distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) may be indicated to treat these residual vascular lesions. We compared whether patients post‐PEA (PP) treated by BPA derived similar benefit to those who had inoperable CTEPH (IC), and assessed predictors of BPA response after surgery. We treated 109 patients with BPA—89 with IC and 20 PP. Serial right heart catheterization performed at baseline (immediately before BPA) and 3 months after completing BPA, compared pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) as well as change in WHO functional class and 6‐minute walk distance. We also assessed the impact of total thrombus tail length (TTTL) from photographed PEA surgical specimens and PP computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)‐quantified residual disease burden on BPA response. PP and IC groups did not differ significantly in terms of demographics, baseline hemodynamics or procedural characteristics. However, IC derived greater hemodynamic benefit from BPA: ΔPVR (−27.9 ± 20.2% vs. −13.9 ± 23.9%, p < 0.05) and ΔmPAP (−17.1 ± 14.4% vs. −8.5 ± 18.0%, p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between pre‐BPA PVR and TTTL (r = −0.47, p < 0.05) which persisted post‐BPA. PVR, mPAP, WHO FC and 6MWD were not improved significantly post‐BPA in PP patients. BPA response was not related to TTTL terciles or CTPA‐quantified residual disease burden. Patients PP experienced inferior response to BPA, despite similar baseline and procedural characteristics to IC. BPA does not abolish the relationship between TTTL and postsurgical PVR in PP patients, suggesting that BPA is less effective in treating residual PH after surgery in an experienced surgical center.
Thermodynamic stability of cytosine tetramers mediated by partially reduced silver trimers: QM/MM free energy analysis
Authors: Ramasanoff Ruslan R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPartially reduced silver clusters growing in a polycytosine matrix could simultaneously possess stabilizing ability and remarkable optical features. The mechanisms of this phenomenon are not fully understood so far. We examined the thermodynamic stability of a cytosine–silver associate comprising four cytosines and three silver atoms that can be considered the smallest known luminescent silver marker stabilized on DNA. Quantum and molecular mechanical representations thermodynamic integration toward the dissociation pathway of the cytosine tetramer, time‐dependent density functional theory calculations of the lowest energy excited states and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis of bonding showed that the reduction of two ions within the silver trimer mediating cytosine tetramer leads to the appearance of the green‐emitting silver cluster with low stabilization ability of cytosines relative to a tetramer stabilized by two silver ions.
Teacher professional development programs integrating science and language with multilingual learners: A conceptual framework
Authors: Lee Okhee , Grapin Scott , Haas Alison 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs the vision inA Framework for K‐12 Science Educationand the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) takes hold in schools and classrooms, there is an urgent need for teacher professional development (PD) programs that align with NGSS‐designed curriculum materials and address the unique strengths and needs of diverse student groups, including multilingual learners (MLs). The purpose of this article is to propose our conceptual framework for PD programs that aligns with current reform efforts and is grounded in the mutually supportive nature of contemporary science and language instructional shifts. Specifically, we examine our previous NGSS‐designed curriculum development project with MLs and review the literature in science education and language education with MLs. Our conceptual framework for PD programs is grounded in the perspective ofsymmetrythat teacher professional learning experiences should be symmetrical to the learning experiences we organize for students. Grounded in this perspective, our conceptual framework consists of three design principles that describe how PD programs can guide teachers to (a) develop an asset‐oriented view of MLs and instructional practices for recognizing and leveraging their assets, (b) integrate science and language in mutually supportive ways with MLs, and (c) develop more sophisticated instructional practices for integrating science and language with MLs over time. We describe contributions of our conceptual framework, which could generate a new research agenda and inform PD programs aimed at facilitating uptake of NGSS‐designed curriculum materials in linguistically diverse science classrooms.
Synthesis of Luotonin and Rutaecarpine Analogues by One‐Pot Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Cross‐Coupling and Benzylic C−H Oxidation, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay
Authors: Mondal Sudipta , Sultana Farhin , Dutta Sankhadeep , Mondal Mohabul A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHerein, we reported an effective one‐pot protocol to synthesize quinazolinone fused N‐heterocyclic scaffold, structurally similar to the natural product Luotonin and Rutaecarpine by Pd(OAc)2/Ag(OAc)‐promoted intramolecular dehydrogenative cross‐coupling (DCC). The structure of all the compounds has been confirmed unambiguously by NMR, mass, and XRD. The electronic effect of the substituents attached to the backbone of the starting material was thoroughly investigated. The outcome of the reaction is highly dependent on the substrate structure and pH of the medium. Based on the experimental observation, a probable mechanism has been proposed. To see the anti‐cancer properties, we have studied concentration‐dependent cell viability assay of one compound on SiHa cell, a human cervical cancer cell line. The observed IC50 value was 23 μM.
Metal‐Enhanced Fluorescence due to Salicylaldehyde‐Silver Nanoparticle Interactions for Fe3+ Sensing
Authors: Sahu Mamta , Ganguly Mainak , Doi Ankita 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSilver nanoparticles were synthesized using alkaline salicylaldehyde (SL) in the presence of silver nitrate. SL was oxidized to quinone form, while silver(I) was converted to silver (0). The solution was highly fluorescent, (quantum yield 7 %, λex 290 nm, λmax 424 nm), where silver (0) exhibited metal‐enhanced fluorescence and quinone acted as the fluorophore. The fluorescence was selectively quenched with the addition of Fe3+. No other metal shows such drastic fluorescence quenching. Thus, silver‐enhanced fluorescence is used to detect iron selectively and sensitively (limit of detection 2×10−9 M, linear detection ranges from 10−4 M to 8×10−9 M). The detection of iron was also done at various water of natural sources (drinking water tap water, rainwater, and Ganga River water). The iron concentration was quite similar to atomic absorption spectroscopy. The enhancement of fluorescence of the sliver atom is attributed to enhanced photonic mode density, related to the lightning rod effect. The quenching of silver‐enhanced fluorescence was attributed to the destruction of the capping agent due to SL‐iron complexation. The variation of distance between the fluorophore and metalized surface was anticipated for the alteration of fluorescence with and without the Fe3+ion.
Organo‐Catalytic Approach for Biscoumarin Synthesis via a Biomass‐Derived Sustainable Strategy
Authors: Garg Pooja , Rajasekhara Reddy Sabbasani 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiscouamrins are dimers of 4‐hydroxycoumarin formed by reaction of aldehydes and 4‐hydroxycoumarin. These were synthesized via one‐pot pseudo three component cascade reaction using sugar ionic liquid as an organo catalyst under green reaction conditions. Sugar derived from natural carbohydrates were used in the formulation of D‐ribose sugar ionic liquid (RSIL). In the formation of biscouamrins two reactions occurs i. e., Knoevenagel condensation and Michael addition reaction. Substituted aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes were used for the synthesis of a variety of target biscouamrins products and developed protocol is scalable. Substitutions in the aryl ring of benzaldehyde showed very less or no effect on the reaction rate. The developed catalyst was shown to be recyclable five times without losing much of its efficiency.
Synthesis of Pyrimidine Modified Seleno‐DNA as a Novel Approach to Antisense Candidate
Authors: Fang Ziyuan , Dantsu Yuliya , Chen Cen , Zhang Wen , Huang Zhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) currently in pre‐clinical and clinical experiments mainly focus on the 2′‐position derivatizations to enhance stability and targeting affinity. Considering the possible incompatibility of 2′‐modifications with RNase H stimulation and activity, we have hypothesized that the atom specific modifications on nucleobases can retain the complex structure and RNase H activity, while enhancing ASO's binding affinity, specificity, and stability against nucleases. Herein we report a novel strategy to explore our hypothesis by synthesizing the deoxynucleoside phosphoramidite building block with the seleno‐modification at 5‐position of thymidine, as well as its Se‐oligonucleotides. Via X‐ray crystal structural study, we found that the Se‐modification was located in the major groove of nucleic acid duplex and didn't cause the thermal and structural perturbations. Surprisingly, our nucleobase‐modified Se‐DNAs were exceptionally resistant to nuclease digestion, while compatible with RNase H activity. This affords a novel avenue for potential anti‐sense modification in the form of Se‐antisense oligonucleotides (Se‐ASO).