bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
l‐Glutamate maintains the quality of apple fruit by mediating carotenoid, sorbitol and sucrose metabolisms
Authors: Li Canying , Zhang Chenyang , Liu Jiaxin , Qu Linhong , Ge Yonghong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundl‐Glutamate is involved in many important chemical reactions in horticultural products and improves postharvest disease resistance. Quality decline of apple fruit caused by senescence and fungus invasion often leads to tremendous losses during logistics. This study was performed to evaluate the variations of quality attributes, carotenoid, sorbitol and sucrose metabolisms in apples (cv. Qiujin) after l‐glutamate dipping treatment.RESUITSl‐Glutamate immersion maintained high values of L*, a* and b*, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, as well as the total soluble solids, soluble sugar, reducing sugar and ascorbic acid contents in apples. l‐Glutamate also decreased mass loss, respiratory rate and ethylene release, enhanced sucrose synthase‐cleavage, acid invertase and neutral invertase activities, whereas reduced sorbitol dehydrogenase, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase synthesis and sorbitol oxidase activities in apples. Moreover, l‐glutamate inhibited lutein, β‐carotene and lycopene accumulation, and down‐regulated phytoene synthase, lycopene β‐cyclase, ζ‐carotene desaturase, phytoene desaturase, carotenoid isomerase, ζ‐carotene isomerase and carotenoids cleavage dioxygenase gene expressions, but up‐regulated 9‐cis‐epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene expression in apples.ConclusionPostharvest l‐glutamate dipping treatment can keep apple quality by modulating key enzyme activity and gene expression in sorbitol, sucrose and carotenoid metabolisms. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Perioperative outcomes of cytoreductive surgery for tumours of colorectal or appendiceal origin with ovarian involvement
Authors: Wagstaff Jessica F. R. , Flood Michael P. , Mohan Helen , McBain Rosemary D. , McNally Orla , Apte Sameer S. , McCormick Jacob , Guerra Glen R. , Heriot Alexander G. , Warrier Satish K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOvarian metastases (OM) are a common site for metastases in gastrointestinal tumours with peritoneal disease. This study aimed to evaluate perioperative complications between patients with and without OM following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for appendiceal/colorectal cancer.MethodsFemale patients undergoing CRS ± HIPEC for appendiceal/colorectal tumours at a single centre from 2009 to 2020 were analysed. Patients were grouped according to presence or absence of OM at the time of CRS.ResultsThe study included 318 patients, 72 (22.6%) had OM. Operation duration was longer for patients with OM (332 vs. 276 min, p < 0.0001). Patients with OM achieved higher rates of complete cytoreduction (93% vs. 79%, p = 0.006) despite a higher peritoneal carcinomatosis index (13 vs. 7, p < 0.001) and were more likely to require a blood transfusion (32% vs. 19%, p = 0.024) and a stoma (24% vs.10%, p = 0.005). Increasing age and presence of abdominal symptoms were independent predictors of major and all‐cause morbidity, respectively. The presence of abdominal symptoms was independently associated with all‐cause morbidity in the OM group.ConclusionThese results may assist with preoperative counselling. Prospective multicentre datasets are needed to evaluate morbidity in one‐ versus two‐stage approaches for those with abdominal symptoms and OM.
Improvement in general touch avoidance in patients with moderate‐to‐severe genital psoriasis treated with ixekizumab during a 52‐week, randomized, phase 3 clinical trial (IXORA‐Q)
Authors: Soung Jennifer , Cather Jennifer C. , Gooderham Melinda , Ryan Caitriona , Somani Najwa , Feely Meghan , See Kyoungah , Burge Russel , Elrayes Mohamed , Gallo Gaia , Armstrong April W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with genital psoriasis may avoid close social interactions (hugs, handshakes, kisses, touching others, or being touched), which can have a significant impact on quality of life. Ixekizumab, an interleukin 17A antagonist, demonstrated rapid and persistent improvement in moderate‐to‐severe genital psoriasis through 52 weeks in a phase 3 trial (IXORA‐Q).ObjectivesTo evaluate general touch avoidance (TA) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe genital psoriasis treated with ixekizumab through 52 weeks in the IXORA‐Q trial.MethodsIn IXORA‐Q (NCT02718898), adult patients received 80 mg ixekizumab every 2 weeks (IXE Q2W, N = 75) or placebo (PBO, N = 74) for 12 weeks. At Week 12, all patients received open‐label 80 mg ixekizumab every 4 weeks (IXE Q4W) through Week 52, with an opportunity to escalate dosing to Q2W at Weeks 24, 28, or 40. Patients used a numeric rating scale (NRS) to self‐report the degree of TA experienced over the past 2 weeks (score of 0 [not at all] to 10 [very much]). Outcomes included TA NRS score change from baseline and the proportion of patients achieving a TA NRS score of 0 through Week 52. Correlations between TA NRS scores and psoriasis outcomes were also examined.ResultsMean (standard deviation) baseline TA NRS score was 2.7 (3.3) for IXE Q2W and 3.0 (3.5) for PBO. Among patients with a baseline TA NRS score >0, mean (standard deviation) change from baseline at Week 52 (where a lower score indicates greater improvement) and the proportion of patients who achieved a TA NRS score of 0 at Week 52 were −4.4 (3.2) [78.0%] for patients treated continuously with ixekizumab (Q2W then Q4W, N = 41) and −4.1 (3.6) [62.5%] for PBO/IXE Q4W (N = 40). TA NRS score improved in parallel with the majority of psoriasis outcomes examined, with the strongest positive association between the TA NRS score and Dermatology Life Quality Index total score.ConclusionsAmong patients with moderate‐to‐severe genital psoriasis, ixekizumab treatment achieves continued sustained improvement in general TA to 52 weeks.
Key characters of glycodrugs
Authors: Jiao Heng , Cao Xin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlycodrug is an important chemical medicine category derived from biological carbohydrates and their mimics. However, the fundamental logic and features of glycodrugs are obscure issues. To make it easier to understand, four key characters of glycodrugs are extracted for reference. First, Glc relating drugs are key guards in glycometabolism. Second, Rib, GlcN/GalN, and Sia relating drugs are efficient modulators in life signaling regulations. Third, rare sugar relating drugs are effective weapons against various pathogens. Finally, glycosylation modifications are helpful strategies for druggability enhancement. In light of such key characters, more innovative glycodrugs will emerge in the future.
Molecular residual disease: A new clue for individualized approach in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Tao , Zhong Wen‐Zhao , Wu Yi‐Long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe prognostic value of molecular residual disease (MRD) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases using high‐depth circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing has been well documented. The utility of MRD to direct individualized therapy has increasingly emerged in the clinical trial design of solid tumors, such as escalation or de‐escalation of adjuvant therapy based on MRD. And the efficiency of MRD assay is a key determinant to the success of clinical trials, especially the limitation of detection and predictive value. Here, we review the progress made in evaluating the clinical validity of ctDNA‐MRD test and provide insight into exploiting these developments to future clinical scenarios for improving the individualized therapy of NSCLC.
Association between birth weight and the risk of chronic kidney disease in men and women: Findings from a large prospective cohort study
Authors: Dai Lingyan , Zhuang Juncheng , Fan Li , Zou Xia , Chan Kei Hang Katie , Yu Xueqing , Li Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe sex‐specific associations between birth weight and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) later in life remain controversial. This study aimed to examine the shape of the relationship between birth weight and the risk of CKD in men and women.MethodsA total of 277,252 participants free of CKD at baseline from the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) prospective cohort were included in the analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the association between birth weight and the risk of incident CKD with adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 11.9 years, we identified 13,030 (4.7%) CKD cases. Compared with normal birth weight (2.5–4.0 kg), low birth weight (LBW, <2.5 kg) was associated with an 11% higher risk of CKD in men (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.11 [95% CI 1.01–1.21]) and a 27% higher risk of CKD in women (HR: 1.27 [1.19–1.36]) (p for interaction = 0.02). High birth weight (HBW, >4.0 kg) was associated with an 11% lower risk of CKD (HR: 0.89 [0.83–0.95]) in men but not in women (HR: 0.96 [0.89–1.04]) (p for interaction = 0.13). Furthermore, the LBW‐CKD association was stronger in obese (HR: 1.28 [1.18–1.39]) than in nonobese participants (HR: 1.16 [1.09–1.24], p for interaction = 0.03).ConclusionsWe found an L‐shaped relationship between birth weight and the risk of CKD in women but a linear shape in men. The LBW‐CKD association was mitigated to some extent by maintaining healthy body weight in adulthood. Our findings support the notion that the CKD risk should be managed from a lifecycle perspective.
Cardiac q‐space trajectory imaging by motion‐compensated tensor‐valued diffusion encoding in human heart in vivo
Authors: Teh Irvin , Shelley David , Boyle Jordan H. , Zhou Fenglei , Poenar Ana‐Maria , Sharrack Noor , Foster Richard J. , Yuldasheva Nadira Y. , Parker Geoff J. M. , Dall'Armellina Erica , Plein Sven , Schneider Jürgen E. , Szczepankiewicz Filip 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTensor‐valued diffusion encoding can probe more specific features of tissue microstructure than what is available by conventional diffusion weighting. In this work, we investigate the technical feasibility of tensor‐valued diffusion encoding at high b‐values with q‐space trajectory imaging (QTI) analysis, in the human heart in vivo.MethodsTen healthy volunteers were scanned on a 3T scanner. We designed time‐optimal gradient waveforms for tensor‐valued diffusion encoding (linear and planar) with second‐order motion compensation. Data were analyzed with QTI. Normal values and repeatability were investigated for the mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), microscopic FA (μFA), isotropic, anisotropic and total mean kurtosis (MKi, MKa, and MKt), and orientation coherence (Cc). A phantom, consisting of two fiber blocks at adjustable angles, was used to evaluate sensitivity of parameters to orientation dispersion and diffusion time.ResultsQTI data in the left ventricular myocardium were MD = 1.62 ± 0.07 μm2/ms, FA = 0.31 ± 0.03, μFA = 0.43 ± 0.07, MKa = 0.20 ± 0.07, MKi = 0.13 ± 0.03, MKt = 0.33 ± 0.09, and Cc = 0.56 ± 0.22 (mean ± SD across subjects). Phantom experiments showed that FA depends on orientation dispersion, whereas μFA was insensitive to this effect.ConclusionWe demonstrated the first tensor‐valued diffusion encoding and QTI analysis in the heart in vivo, along with first measurements of myocardial μFA, MKi, MKa, and Cc. The methodology is technically feasible and provides promising novel biomarkers for myocardial tissue characterization.
Body mass index, waist circumference, and urinary incontinence in midlife: A follow‐up of mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort
Authors: Hjorth Sarah , Axelsen Susanne M. , Gommesen Ditte , Kjeldsen Anne C. M. , Taastrøm Katja A. , Nohr Ellen A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity is a modifiable risk factor for urinary incontinence, yet few studies have investigated how waist circumference as compared to body mass index (BMI) influences the risk of urinary incontinence.ObjectiveTo estimate how BMI and waist circumference associates with risk of urinary incontinence in midlife and determine which of the two is the strongest predictor of urinary incontinence.MethodsCohort study among mothers in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Weight and waist circumference were self‐reported 7 years after cohort entry. Symptoms of urinary incontinence in midlife were self‐reported using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ‐FLUTS) and analyzed continuously and as presence or absence of any, stress (SUI), urgency (UUI), and mixed (MUI) urinary incontinence. Linear and log binomial regressions were used to calculate mean differences and risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Restricted cubic splines were generated to explore nonlinear relationships.ResultsAmong 27 254 women at a mean age of 44.2 years, any urinary incontinence was reported by 32.1%, SUI by 20.9%, UUI by 2.4%, and MUI by 8.6%. For all outcomes, increases in risk were similar with higher BMI and waist circumference. The estimates of association were strongest for MUI (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.08;1.12 and RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10;1.14 for half a standard deviation increase in BMI and waist circumference, respectively). While increases in risk of the other outcomes were seen across the entire range of BMI and waist circumference, the risk of SUI rose until BMI 28 kg/m2 (waist circumference 95 cm), and then fell slightly.ConclusionsSymptoms of urinary incontinence and prevalence of any urinary incontinence, SUI, UUI, and MUI increased with higher BMI and waist circumference. Self‐reported BMI and waist circumference were equally predictive of urinary incontinence.
Student‐generated memes as a way to facilitate online discussion for adult learners
Authors: Lin Xi , Sun Qi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis qualitative study examines how a student‐generated meme activity influences adult learners' interaction in online class discussions. A multiple‐case design is applied to understand how this class discussion activity facilitates online threaded interactions. This study recruited 28 adult learners from a two‐section graduate‐level asynchronous online class. Findings show that entertaining and easy to relate to meme activity generated by students engages adult learners in discussion activities for active learning. It helps learners quickly open up to each other to share and learn from each other. This discussion activity offers an alternative to releasing their emotions and feelings individually and collectively benefits adult learners when approaching new learning. It also shows the advantages of using a discussion activity connecting diverse adult learners and building a sense of community for social support while supporting each other for new learning. Findings indicate a significant role also played by the instructor in facilitating interactions. Our study provides insights into integrating internet tools (memes) with discussion activity for active learning in a fully asynchronous online discussion board.
Psychometric evaluation of the electronic faces thermometer scale for pain assessment in children 8–17 years old: A study protocol
Authors: Castor C. , Björk M. , Bai J. , Berlin H. , Kristjansdottir G. , Kristjansdottir O. , Hansson H. , Höök A. , Stenström P. , Nilsson S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is often a challenge for a child to communicate their pain, and their possibilities to do so should be strengthened in healthcare settings. Digital self‐assessment provides a potential solution for person‐centered care in pain management and promotes child participation when a child is ill. A child's perception of pain assessment differs when it is assessed using digital or analog formats. As we move into the digital era, there is an urgent need to validate digital pain assessment tools, including the newly developed electronic Faces Thermometer Scale (eFTS). This study protocol describes three studies with the overall aim to evaluate psychometric properties of the eFTS for assessing pain in children 8–17 years of age. A multi‐site project design combining quantitative and qualitative methods will be used for three observational studies. Study 1: 100 Swedish‐speaking children will report the level of anticipated pain from vignettes describing painful situations in four levels of pain and a think‐aloud method will be used for data collection. Data will be analyzed with phenomenography as well as descriptive and comparative statistics. Study 2: 600 children aged 8–17 years at pediatric and dental settings in Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, and USA will be included. Children will assess their pain intensity due to medical or dental procedures, surgery, or acute pain using three different pain Scales for each time point; the eFTS, the Faces Pain Scale Revised, and the Coloured Analogue Scale. Descriptive and comparative statistics will be used, with subanalysis taking cultural context into consideration. Study 3: A subgroup of 20 children out of these 600 children will be purposely included in an interview to describe experiences of grading their own pain using the eFTS. Qualitative data will be analyzed with content analysis. Our pilot studies showed high level of adherence to the study procedure and rendered only a small revision of background questionnaires. Preliminary analysis indicated that the instruments are adequate to be used by children and that the analysis plan is feasible. A digital pain assessment tool contributes to an increase in pain assessment in pediatric care. The Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions in healthcare supports a thorough development of a new scale. By evaluating psychometric properties in several settings by both qualitative and quantitative methods, the eFTS will become a well‐validated tool to strengthen the child's voice within healthcare.
Infoveillance and bibliometric analysis of COVID‐19 in Nigeria
Authors: Amzat Jimoh , Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem , Egbedina Eyinade Adeduntan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfectious diseases often come with enormous fear because of their ability to spark and spread. The same for COVID‐19, which WHO declared a pandemic in February 2020 after a record spread in multiple countries. The global world of information and social media plays a major role in the pandemic. Hence, this study aims to analyse the patterns of internet search and research interests on COVID‐19 in Nigeria.MethodsThis is an infoveillance and bibliometric research about COVID‐19 in Nigeria using systemic search through Google Trends to obtain COVID‐19 information prevalence and research incidence through bibliometric analysis using SCOPUS database. The data obtained were analysed using the Microsoft Excel 2021 software. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean, range and mode) were used for the summarisation of the data. The findings were presented using texts, tables, charts and maps.ResultsThe information search spike started 1 week before the first index case. Search volume index inequalities were observed across the country, with the northern Nigeria having a higher search volume for COVID‐19. This study also uncovered several top search terms, including “COVID‐19,” “COVID loan” and “vaccine,” and queries, including “COVID‐19 Nigeria,” “COVID loan” and “COVID‐19 in Nigeria,” among others, which showed critical infodemiologic concerns in Nigeria. The interests of Nigerian researchers concerning COVID‐19 cut across various disciplines. The top three subject areas with the most significant volume of these publications were Medicine, Social Sciences and Biochemistry. This study found extensive research collaboration with over 150 countries coupled with external funding.ConclusionAs internet search spikes reflect population health concerns and information‐wish, understanding the infodemic patterns and search terms will influence mass media regulators and health authorities to be vigilant and tackle the spread of misinformation. Nigeria's research resilience depicts great potential, hence, a call for improved local funding for research and development.
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of some homolycorine‐type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids
Authors: Berkov Strahil , Denev Rumen , Sidjimova Borjana , Zarev Yancho , Shkondrov Alexandar , Torras‐Claveria Laura , Viladomat Francesc , Bastida Jaume 
Published: March 2023

RationaleGas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the most frequently applied technique for analyzing Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in plant extracts. Having these compounds, known for their potent bioactivities, is a distinctive chemotaxonomic feature of the Amaryllidoideae subfamily (Amaryllidaceae). The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of homolycorine type with a C3–C4 double bond generally show molecular and diagnostic ions at the high‐mass region with low intensity in the EIMS mode, leading to problematic identification in complex plant extracts.MethodsEleven standard homolycorine‐type alkaloids (isolated and identified by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance) were subjected to separation with GC and studied with electron impact mass spectrometry (EIMS) including single quadrupole (GC–EIMS), tandem (GC–EIMS/MS), and high‐resolution (GC–HR‐EIMS) detectors, as well as with chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC–CIMS). Alkaloid fractions from two Hippeastrum species and Clivia miniata were subjected to GC–EIMS and GC–CIMS for alkaloid identification.ResultsGC–EIMS in combination with GC–CIMS provided significant structural information of homolycorine‐type alkaloids with C3–C4 double bond, facilitating their unambiguous identification. Based on the obtained typical fragmentation, other 11 homolycorine‐type compounds were identified in extracts from two Hippeastrum species by parallel GC–EIMS, GC–CIMS, and liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and in extracts from C. miniata by GC–EIMS.ConclusionsGC–MS can be successfully applied for the identification of new and known homolycorine‐type alkaloids, among others within the Amaryllidoideae subfamily, as well as for chemotaxonomical and chemoecological studies.
Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction are associated with poor outcome in COVID‐19 patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mohebbi Alireza , Haybar Habib , Nakhaei Moghaddam Fatemeh , Rasti Zahra , Vahid Mohammad Amin , Saki Najmaldin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNumerous studies have linked coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with endothelial dysfunction and reported elevated levels of endothelial biomarkers in this disease. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the published evidence in this respect. A systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus databases was performed to find studies investigating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in COVID‐19 patients. Pooled standardized mean differences and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each biomarker using random effect model. 74 studies with 7668 patients were included. In comparison to patients with good outcome, those with poor outcome had higher levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) (SMD: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.59–1.07, p < 0.00001), vWF:ADAMTS13 (1.23, (0.77–1.7), p < 0.00001), angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2) (1.06 (0.6–1.51), p < 0.0001), E‐selectin (1.09 (0.55–1.63), p < 0.0001), P‐selectin (0.59 (0.24–0.94), p = 0.001), syndecan‐1 (0.99 (0.6–1.37), p < 0.00001), mid‐regional pro‐adrenomedullin (MR‐proADM) (1.52 (1.35–1.68), p < 0.00001), vascular endothelial growth factor (0.27 (0.02–0.53), p = 0.03), soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFLT‐1) (1.93 (0.65–3.21), p = 0.03) and lower levels of ADAMTS13 antigen (−0.69 (−0.9 to −0.47) p < 0.00001) and activity (−0.84 (−1.06 to −0.61) p < 0.0000). Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 and tissue plasminogen activator levels were not different between the two groups (p < 0.05). There were elevated levels of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in COVID‐19 patients with poor outcome, indicating their possible role in disease severity and prognosis. In particular, MR‐proADM, vWF, syndecan‐1 and sFLT‐1 showed a significant association with poor outcome in these patients.