bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comic that explains palliative care: how patients experience comic-based educational material
Authors: Kitta Anna , Winsauer Sarah , Marx Sal , Kum Lea , Adamidis Feroniki , Ecker Franziska , Stöger Jessica , Masel Eva Katharina 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Objective
The aim of this study was to create a patient-centered comic on palliative care with and for patients admitted to a palliative care unit and to examine their experiences of graphic educational material.

Methods
This study employed a qualitative methodology using semi-structured interviews with advanced cancer patients admitted to the palliative care unit of the Medical University of Vienna. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis with the assistance of the MAXQDA software.

Results
In the first phase of the comic creation 6 interviews were conducted and 15 additional interviews in the second phase, all of which examined patients’ reactions to the comic. The findings revealed three themes: 1) patients’ experiences with and understanding of graphics about palliative care, 2) patients’ perceptions of the possibilities for use of the comic and 3) how the visual material facilitated access to the patients’ shared imagination and interpretations. The medium generated curiosity, participation, and positive reactions. Patients were inclined to be involved in patient-centered educational material that enabled an entry into conversations and connection, giving access to feelings and associations of patients.

Conclusion
The results of the present study offer insights into mostly positive reactions of patients when presented with a comic about palliative care. The study showed how illustrated educational information led to deepened conversation among the interviewer and the patients, offering insights into their experiences and imagination.
From spasms to smiles: how facial recognition and tracking can quantify hemifacial spasm severity and predict treatment outcomes
Authors: Menabbawy Ahmed Al , Ruhser Lennart , Refaee Ehab El , Weidemeier Martin E. , Matthes Marc , Schroeder Henry W. S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Currently available grading and classification systems for hemifacial spasm either rely on subjective assessments or are excessively intricate. Here, we make use of facial recognition and facial tracking technologies towards accurately grouping patients according to severity and characteristics of the spasms.

Methods
A retrospective review of our prospectively maintained preoperative videos database for hemifacial spasm was done. Videos were analyzed using an Apple AR kit-based App. A facial mesh is automatically allocated to specific biometric facial points. Videos are analyzed using Blender software for measuring the amplitude and frequency of the spasms. Classification of the patients into groups was done using both divisive k-means and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. Correlation-Analysis with preoperative quality of Life (Qol) using SF-36 questionnaire and HFS-8 score was performed. Additionally, correlation with postoperative outcome was calculated.

Results
79 preoperative videos were included. Both up-bottom and bottom-up clustering approaches grouped the patients into 3 different clusters according to 4 variables (eye closure, mouth distance change, rate, and repetition of the spasms). Correlation of the groups with the Qol was done for 46/79 patients (58.2%). Spasms could be classified into mild, moderate clonic and severe tonic spasms. Patients with mild spasms showed better Qol scores. Moderate clonic spasms experienced best outcomes following microvascular decompression.

Conclusion
This novel classification using facial-tracking and augmented-reality is easy to use and apply. It quantifies the severity and type of the spasms and relates it to the quality of life of patients, postoperative outcome, and could guide our management strategy.
Rice flour-based filled hydrogel: an effective vitamin D encapsulation system as influenced by rice flour variety
Authors: Kim Chaeyoung , Park Shinjae , Rho Shin-Joung , Kim Yong-Ro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of the physicochemical properties of filled hydrogels based on rice flour with varying amylose contents on the stability of encapsulated vitamin D3 (VD, cholecalciferol). The filled hydrogel, prepared based on Saemimyeon with an amylose content of 25.5%, formed a gel with strong elasticity, showing the highest stability during in vitro digestion, as well as excellent pH and storage stability of the encapsulated VD. Dodamssal, which had the highest amylose content (> 40%) and gelatinization temperature, retrograded rapidly due to its high leached amylose content. This phenomenon caused gel shrinkage and subsequent emulsion leakage, resulting in a relatively lower VD retention rate after in vitro digestion compared to the Saemimyeon-based filled hydrogel. Nevertheless, compared to the emulsion system, the rice flour-based filled hydrogels formed various types of gel matrices that provided a physical barrier to the VD-containing lipid droplets, thereby significantly protecting them from the external environment.
Genome-based development and clinical evaluation of a customized LAMP panel to rapidly detect, quantify, and determine antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli in native urine samples from urological patients
Authors: Fritzenwanker Moritz , Grabitz Marcel O. , Negwer Vera , Schwengers Oliver , Arneth Borros , Chakraborty Trinad , Imirzalioglu Can , Wagenlehner Florian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
We designed and tested a point of care test panel to detect E.coli and antibiotic susceptibility in urine samples from patients at the point of care in the urological department. The aim of this approach is to facilitate choosing an appropriate antibiotic for urinary tract infections (UTI) at first presentation in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance in uropathogens worldwide.

Methods
We analyzed 162 E.coli isolates from samples from a university urological department to determine phenotypic and genotypic resistance data. With this data we created customized LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) panels for a commercial machine with which to detect and possibly quantify E.coli and six antibiotic resistance determinants. In a second step we tested these panel(s) for diagnostic accuracy on 1596 urine samples and compared with routine microbiological culture.

Results
E.coli was detected with 95.4% sensitivity and 96.1% specificity. Dynamics of the LAMP amplification could be used to gauge bacterial loads in the samples. Antibiotic sensitivity was detected with good negative (sensitive) predictive values: ampicillin 92.8%, ampicillin/sulbactam 96.4%, cefuroxime 92.8%, cefotaxime 97.8%, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 96.5%, ciprofloxacin 96.8%.

Conclusion
The LAMP panel provided E.coli detection and sensitivity information within one hour and thus could principally guide initial antibiotic therapy upon patients presenting with UTI. The panel helps to select initial adequate antibiotic therapy as well as providing diagnostic stewardship. Follow up investigations will expand the test system to other uropathogens.
Stabilité structurelle du feuilletage de Jouanolou de degré 2
Authors: Alvarez Aurélien , Deroin Bertrand 
Published: January 2025

RésuméNous démontrons que le feuilletage de Jouanolou de degré 2 sur le plan projectif complexe est structurellement stable. De plus, son ensemble de Fatou est une fibration holomorphe sur la quartique de Klein ayant une structure de fibré lisse localement trivial en disques. En particulier, aucune feuille de $\mathcal{J}_{2}$

J
2

n’est dense dans $\mathbf{P}^{2}$

P
2

.
Protecting intellectual property rights in Türkiye: navigating legal and cultural dimensions
Authors: Bural Dilara 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study is dedicated to examining Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) enforcement in Türkiye, a nation recognized as a significant producer and transit hub in the illicit trade of counterfeit goods. Türkiye has undergone substantial transformations in its IPR regime over the past decade, marked by the enactment of new legislation featuring enhanced criminal provisions and penalties specifically addressing trademark infringement. Despite being one of the primary source economies for counterfeit goods entering the European Union, the academic discourse on the IPR enforcement landscape in Türkiye, alongside the perceptions surrounding IPR within the nation, remains inadequately explored. This qualitative inquiry seeks to fill this scholarly lacuna by investigating the perceptions of IPR among pivotal stakeholders responsible for IPR enforcement, including legal professionals, prosecutors, judges, and law enforcement officials in the country.
The Process of Collaborating with First-Grade Children as Co-Researchers: A Case Study Approach to Examining COVID-19
Authors: Özengen Elif Kevser Dereli , Yatmaz Zeynep B. Erdiller 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study details the methodology of a case study conducted with children aged 6–7 on COVID-19, emphasizing their important roles as co-researchers. During the study, children’s competencies were highlighted, and their voices were listened to with minimal adult interference. The research was conducted using the research with-children method, and 14 first-grade students from a private primary school in Istanbul, Turkey, actively contributed. Children participated in the research as researchers through their drawings, photographs, and individual and group interviews. The research process revealed that when children choose their research topics and create their questions, they enthusiastically engage and take ownership of their learning, fostering leadership and active participation. Research involving children should not be viewed merely as asking questions through adults. Using participant-friendly methods can enhance the enjoyment and meaning of the study for everyone involved.
Information avoidance: An experimental test of anticipated regret
Authors: Cavlovic Therese , Koford Brandon C. , Rentschler Lucas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One reason people may avoid potentially useful information is to eliminate anticipated regret. We develop a model of anticipated regret and use it to derive predictions about how the accuracy of information and the ability to mitigate negative states of the world affect the decision to be informed. The model predicts that higher information accuracy and more effective mitigation options reduce information avoidance. We test these predictions using a laboratory experiment with a real-effort task and uncertain payoffs. Subjects choose whether to receive free but imperfect information about the state of the world (the piece-rate for the effort task) before deciding on a costly mitigation investment, doing the real effort task, and then learning their final payoff. We vary both the accuracy of the information and the effectiveness of mitigation in a

$$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

between-subjects experimental design. We find that increasing the accuracy of information increases information acquisition. Increasing mitigation effectiveness only increases informedness slightly, and the results are not significant. Overall, our results are consistent with our model of anticipated regret, but decision-making is noisier than predicted.
Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar Testing of Water with Partial Lateral Confinement
Authors: Li K.S.O. , Van Lerberghe A. , Barr A. D. , Dennis A. A. , Clarke S. D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
For the first time, the high-strain-rate behaviour of water is investigated experimentally and validated to LS-DYNA numerical simulations, using Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH).

Objective
This paper presents the application of a modified split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) fitted with a partial lateral confinement apparatus on a water specimen.

Method
The lateral confinement is provided by a water reservoir surrounding the specimen. A pressure transducer is installed in the reservoir wall to measure lateral stresses, and a dispersion correction algorithm, , is utilised to obtain accurate measurements of axial and radial stresses and strains.

Results
Experimental results underscore the capability of the modified apparatus to assess triaxial behaviour of water under high-strain rates. Comparisons with numerical modelling reveal that cohesion between water particles is non-existent, highlighting an intrinsic limitation in numerical modelling.

Conclusion
These results highlight the capability to perform characterisation of fluids under high-strain rates. While limitations in numerical modelling still exist, numerical modelling and experimental testing using the modified apparatus can be applied to characterise fluid behaviour in the future.
Impact of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on stroke risk
Authors: Ungvari Zoltan , Fekete Mónika , Varga Péter , Fekete János Tibor , Buda Annamaria , Szappanos Ágnes , Lehoczki Andrea , Mózes Noémi , Grosso Giuseppe , Menyhart Otilia , Munkácsy Gyöngyi , Tarantini Stefano , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Ungvari Anna , Győrffy Balázs 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and dietary patterns have emerged as a significant modifiable factor in stroke prevention. The Mediterranean diet, characterized by high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, olive oil, and fish, has been widely recognized for its cardiovascular benefits. However, its specific impact on stroke risk requires further elucidation. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of 30 studies, including both cohort and case–control designs, to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the risk of stroke. A systematic search was performed across multiple databases, and a random-effects model was used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and publication bias was examined through funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Additionally, trial sequential analysis was conducted to determine the adequacy of the sample size. The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in stroke risk among individuals adhering to the Mediterranean diet, with a pooled HR of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.84–0.91). Notably, a significant heterogeneity was detected (I2 = 34%). The Z-score plot from trial sequential analysis confirmed that the sample sizes were sufficient to draw definitive conclusions. However, a potential publication bias was identified. The case–control studies confirmed a highly significant effect (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.4–0.73). The funnel plots in both settings hinted at the presence of a potential publication bias, supported by a significant Egger’s test. Our findings provide robust evidence supporting the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against stroke. Despite the presence of some heterogeneity and potential publication bias, the cumulative evidence suggests that promoting the Mediterranean diet could serve as an effective public health strategy for stroke prevention. Further research is recommended to explore the underlying mechanisms and to assess the diet’s impact across diverse populations.
Empagliflozin Mitigates PTZ-Induced Seizures in Rats: Modulating Npas4 and CREB-BDNF Signaling Pathway
Authors: Abdelaziz Heba A , Hamed Mohamed F. , Ghoniem Hamdy A. , Nader Manar A. , Suddek Ghada M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEmpagliflozin (EMPA) is one of the sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors that has been recently approved for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. Recently, EMPA has shown protective effects in different neurological disorders, besides its antidiabetic activity. Kindling is a relevant model to study epilepsy and neuroplasticity. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of EMPA (1 and 3 mg/kg orally) against convulsant effects induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) using a modified window- (win-) PTZ kindling protocol. The biochemical dysfunction and hippocampal damage induced by PTZ were profoundly reversed by EMPA treatment in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by the significant increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) and decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) hippocampal contents. Furthermore, EMPA counteracted PTZ-induced neuronal damage in the hippocampal region, as confirmed by histopathological examination of the hippocampal tissues. EMPA impaired astrocytosis and showed an antiapoptotic effect through a significant reduction of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and BCL2-Associated X Protein (BAX) expressions, respectively. Interestingly, EMPA exhibited an antiepileptic effect against PTZ-induced seizures through significantly reducing neuronal PAS domain Protein 4 (Npas4), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) hippocampal expressions, and enhancing the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) pathway, which are found to be involved in epileptogenesis, eventually leading to significant improvement of behavioral impairments induced by PTZ. Hence, these results showed further prospective insights for EMPA as a neuroprotective agent.
Graphical Abstract
Analysis of Stirring Action to Control Grain Refinement of Inconel 625 Superalloy Bead on Plate Using Laser Wobble Technology
Authors: Roy Angshuman , Pamarthi Venkat Vivek , Kumar Nikhil , Masters Iain 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this paper, the influence of various laser wobbling patterns, such as circle, ellipse, figure eight, bowtie, Celtic, flower, atomic, hexagon, triangle and star, on grain refinement mechanisms during welding of Inconel 625 sheets is evaluated. An in-depth analysis of molten pool stirring mechanisim during welding was addressed to understand the effectiveness of wobble patterns in grain refinement and fusion zone (FZ) strengthening. The dynamic stirring effect of the laser beam’s wobble motion significantly influences the solidification process and resulting microstructure. Laser spot trajectories and temporal energy deposition were analyzed to elucidate their impact on the FZ. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) micrographs showed significant grain refinement during the welding. However, the wobbling patterns with elliptical and flower-type paths resulted in coarse equiaxed grains with an average grain size of ~ 52 µm. Furthermore, the optimal patterns for refining the grain structure of Inconel 625 superalloy during laser welding are circular and atomic-type wobble patterns with grain refinement of ~ 35%. These findings highlight the potential of tailored laser wobble patterns for optimizing weld quality through controlled grain nucleation and refinement.
Peer-Led Adjunctive Interventions for Increasing the Reach of HIV Prevention and Care Interventions to Latino/x/e Men Who Have Sex with Men: a Scoping Review
Authors: Jaramillo Jahn , Chavez Jennifer V. , Larson Michaela E. , Harkness Audrey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Latino/x/e men who have sex with men (LMSM) in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV. Peer-led adjunctive interventions show promise for enhancing engagement in HIV prevention and care among LMSM, but their effectiveness and implementation remain underexplored. This scoping review aimed to map existing evidence on peer-led interventions, identify gaps, and inform future research for enhancing HIV prevention and care among LMSM.

Recent Findings
We followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines, covering literature from 2011 to 2022, using Covidence for systematic screening and data extraction. Articles were categorized by intervention aspects like delivery methods, outcomes, translational phases, theory-informed approaches, and cultural adaptation levels. The search yielded 613 records, with 22 meeting eligibility criteria, including 17 unique interventions. Interventions were delivered individually (57%), in groups (30%), to couples (4%), and via public campaigns (4%). Outcomes included HIV testing uptake (74%), treatment linkage (39%), PrEP uptake (22%), and PEP uptake (4%). Translational phases included formative (22%), pilot (26%), efficacy (22%), and effectiveness (22%). Cultural adaptations were surface (22%) and deep (13%).

Summary
Findings indicate diverse peer-led interventions for LMSM, though many are in early stages of development. Further research is needed to move these interventions along the translational pathway to enhance their public health impact.
Neuromodulation for Headache Management in Pregnancy
Authors: Smirnoff Liza , Bravo Michelle , Hyppolite Tayina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Management of primary headache disorders during pregnancy is limited due to known teratogenicity or unknown safety of many currently available pharmaceutical therapies. Here, we explore the safety and efficacy of non-invasive neuromodulatory devices as another treatment modality for pregnant patients.

Recent Findings
There are six FDA-cleared, non-invasive neuromodulatory devices currently available for the management of headache that include remote electrical neuromodulation (REN), noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS), external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS), single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS), and external concurrent occipital and trigeminal neurostimulation (eCOT-NS).

Summary
Neuromodulatory devices are a safe, effective, and well tolerated non-pharmacological option for migraine and other primary headache disorders. Although evidence of safety and tolerability use in pregnancy is limited, they may serve as a therapeutic alternative or adjunct to improve the care of our pregnant patients.