bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the Ca2+dependence ofMycobacterium tuberculosisDesA1 function
Authors: Savanagouder Mamata , Mukku Ravi Prasad , Kiran Uday , Yeruva Chaitanya Veena , Nagarajan Nandhini , Sharma Yogendra , Raghunand Tirumalai R. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTMycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb)has a complex cell wall, largely composed of mycolic acids and long-chain fatty acids that play a crucial role in maintaining its integrity and permeability. This complex lipid structure has a role in abrogating the process of phagosome-lysosome fusion and infection establishment. TheM. tbdesaturase A1 (DesA1) catalyzes the introduction of position-specific double bonds, a key step in the biosynthesis of a diverse range of mycolic acids. We have previously demonstrated thatM. tbDesA1 is a Ca2+-binding protein, belonging to the extended βγ-crystallin superfamily. Using a combination of biophysical and genetic approaches, we investigated the structural and functional significance of Ca2+binding on DesA1 activity. A protein unfolding assay of the protein in the presence and absence of Ca2+shows that Ca2+binding imparts structural stability to DesA1. To identify the role of Ca2+, we introduced mutations at key residues in the identified Ca2+-binding motif of DesA1 and generated F303A, E304Q, and F303A-E304Q variants of DesA1. We identified F303 as a hot point which disables the protein for Ca2+binding. Two other mutations E304Q and F303A-E304Q showed reduced Ca2+binding. Complementation of a conditionally complementeddesA1deletion mutant strain ofMycobacterium smegmatiswith these mutants, either failed to complement its growth phenotype or led to a compromise in complementation. In addition, the F303A and F303A-E304Q complements exhibit increased sensitivity to isoniazid, a first-line anti-tubercular drug, pointing to a cell wall permeability defect in these strains. Our findings highlight the critical importance of Ca2+in the functioning of DesA1 and its implicit role in the maintenance of mycobacterial cellular integrity.
Inflammation and bacteriophages affect DNA inversion states and functionality of the gut microbiota
Authors: Carasso Shaqed , Zaatry Rawan , Hajjo Haitham , Kadosh-Kariti Dana , Ben-Assa Nadav , Naddaf Rawi , Mandelbaum Noa , Pressman Sigal , Chowers Yehuda , Gefen Tal , Jeffrey Kate L. , Jofre Juan , Coyne Michael J. , Comstock Laurie E. , Sharon Itai , Geva-Zatorsky Naama 
Published: April 2023

SummaryReversible genomic DNA-inversions control expression of numerous bacterial molecules in the human gut, but how this relates to disease remains uncertain. By analyzing metagenomic samples from six human Inflammatory Bowel Disease cohorts combined with mice experimentation, we identified multiple invertible regions where a particular orientation was correlated with disease. These include the promoter of the anti-inflammatory polysaccharide-A (PSA) ofBacteroides fragilis, which is mostly oriented ‘OFF’ during inflammation but is present in the ‘ON’ orientation when inflammation is resolved. We further detected increased abundances ofB. fragilis-associated bacteriophages in patients with the PSA ‘OFF’ orientation, and a significant reduction in the frequency of the ‘ON’ orientation, in the presence of theB. fragilis-associated bacteriophage, thereby altering the bacterial induced immune modulation. Altogether, we reveal dynamic and reversible bacterial phase-variations driven both by bacteriophages and the host inflammatory state, signifying bacterial functional plasticity during inflammation and opening future research avenues.
Arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries at different stages of dysglycaemia
Authors: Cederqvist John , Rådholm Karin , Muhammad Iram Faqir , Engström Gunnar , Engvall Jan , Östgren Carl Johan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimOur aim was to investigate in a large population‐based cohort study whether increased arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries differ at different stages of dysglycaemia.MethodsData were obtained from SCAPIS, a population‐based cohort of participants 50–64 years. The study population of 9379 participants was categorised according to glycaemic status: normoglycaemic, pre‐diabetes (fasting glucose: 6.1–6.9 mmol/L and/or HbA1c 6%–6.4%) and diabetes. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured by the SphygmoCor XCEL system and arterial stiffness was defined by PWV ≥10 m/s. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was assessed by coronary computed tomography and coronary artery calcification was defined by CACS ≥100.ResultsWe identified 1964 (21%) participants with dysglycaemia, out of which 742 (7.9%) had diabetes mellitus. PWV ≥10 m/s was present in 808 (11%), 191 (16%), 200 (27%) and CACS ≥100 in 801 (11%), 190 (16%), 191 (28%) participants with normoglycaemia, pre‐diabetes and diabetes, respectively, all, p < 0.001. The overlap between PWV ≥10 m/s and CACS ≥100 within each glycaemic category was 188 (2.5%), 44 (3.6%) and 77 (10) respectively. There was an association between glycaemic status and increased PWV in the fully adjusted models, but not for glycaemic status and CACS ≥100, where there was no difference for pre‐diabetes compared to normoglycaemia, OR 1.2 (95% CI 0.98–1.4). In the total study population, there was an association between HbA1c and PWV after adjustment, p < 0.001.ConclusionsOur results show that increased arterial stiffness and subclinical coronary artery atherosclerosis are present in the early stages of dysglycaemia, but the overlap between markers of major subclinical vascular damage was small in all glycaemic categories. This could be explained by different pathways in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness or atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries.
Pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism in Wuhan, China 2010–2022: A case–control study
Authors: Sha Menghan , Chen Suhua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the time trends and risk factors for pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the Chinese population.MethodsA case–control study was conducted with 120 652 pregnancies between Jan 2010 and June 2022 in Wuhan, China. Medical records from pregnant patients with VTE and patients without VTE were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThere were 197 cases of VTE diagnosed during pregnancy or postpartum, with an overall incidence of 1.63 per 1000 pregnancies, and the incidence rate trend of VTE was increasing year by year and then declining. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was 1.24 per 1000 pregnancies (76.1%). Consistent with previous studies, most VTE occurred in the puerperium (1.05 per 1000 pregnancies, 64.5%). Significant risk factors included immobility, previous VTE, systemic infection, BMI over 30, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.ConclusionPregnancy‐related VTE is not uncommon in China which is consistent with current foreign reports, and the change in incidence trend may be related to greater physicians' understanding of VTE and effective preventive measures after the publication of Chinese guidelines.
Osteoarthritis, part of life or a curable disease? A bird's‐eye view
Authors: Englund Martin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease caused by disruption of joint homeostasis by a variety of systemic and biomechanical factors. The disease is characterized by degradation of cartilage and other joint tissues, and low‐grade inflammation which may result in pain, reduced function, and disability. The disease appears to have ancient origins, with findings of OA recognized in fossilized bones from birdlike dinosaurs living some 130 million years ago. Today, the burden of OA in the world's population is steadily increasing due to aging and often rising rates of obesity. Structural findings, indicative of the disease, are also frequent in asymptomatic persons, which make the distinction between disease and normal aging sometimes challenging. OA is frequently associated with comorbidity in the form of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and depressive symptoms. The current management and treatments largely rely on contextual factors, and the actual effects of the intended therapeutic element of today's interventions are minor. The different mechanistic pathways (endotypes) and clinical characteristics (phenotypes) of OA make the development of disease‐modifying treatments challenging. Current development of drug candidates, aimed to restore joint homeostasis, is mainly targeting either inhibition of catabolic factors or stimulation of anabolic factors. However, there is yet no breakthrough in stage III clinical trials. Earlier diagnosis, better knowledge of endotypes—for example, by new insights into soluble biomarkers, and compositional imaging—and more careful selection of patients into clinical trials are possible tools to aid development of future therapies.
Anterior provisional fixed partial dentures: A finite element analysis
Authors: Almeganni Nouf , Abulaban Rotana , Naguib Ghada , Tharwat Mohamed , Nassar Hani M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze the stress distribution of fiber‐reinforced composite provisional fixed partial denture utilizing a finite element analysis model.Material and methodsThree anterior teeth were collected: upper right central, left central, and right lateral incisors. A fiber‐reinforced composite strip was applied to the palatal surfaces of the teeth. Micro‐computed tomographic scans were acquired of the models in order to generate three‐dimensional geometrical replicas. Finite element analysis was used to assess the stress distribution of fiber‐reinforced composite provisional fixed partial denture using different pontic types under static applied forces that were 100, 30, and 0 N.ResultsThe maximum stress values were found on the unprepared natural pontic. Stress values ranged from 92.2 to 909.8, 116.4 to 646.7, and 93.8 to 393.5 MPa for composite, naturally prepared, and natural unprepared pontic, respectively.ConclusionsUsing unprepared natural tooth pontic in anterior provisional fixed partial denture to replace missing central incisors is considered superior to other types in terms of stress distribution.
Combined experimental and theoretical study on the elastic electron scattering cross sections of ethanol
Authors: Dinger Mareike , Park Yeunsoo , Hepperle Philine , Baek Woon Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCombined theoretical and experimental studies on the elastic scattering of electrons on ethanol were performed in the energy range of 30–800 eV. The differential elastic electron scattering cross sections (DCS) of ethanol were measured for scattering angles of 30° to 150° using the relative flow technique and nitrogen (N2) as the reference gas. From these experimental DCS, integral elastic and momentum transfer cross sections were estimated. The comparison of the experimental results from the present work to those of other groups showed good agreement within the experimental uncertainty. In addition to the experimental determination, the DCS of ethanol were calculated by applying the independent atomic model with screening-corrected additivity rule and the modified independent atomic model. These theoretical calculations reproduced the experimental data well within the experimental uncertainty, with agreement better at high electron energies as was expected.
Graphical abstract
Supplementary figure 1C from ImmunoPET with Anti-Mesothelin Antibody in Patients with Pancreatic and Ovarian Cancer before Anti-Mesothelin Antibody–Drug Conjugate Treatment
Authors: Lamberts Laetitia E. , Menke-van der Houven van Oordt Catharina W. , ter Weele Eva J. , Bensch Frederike , Smeenk Michiel M. , Voortman Johannes , Hoekstra Otto S. , Williams Simon P. , Fine Bernard M. , Maslyar Daniel , de Jong Johan R. , Gietema Jourik A. , Schröder Carolien P. , Bongaerts Alphons H.H. , Lub-de Hooge Marjolijn N. , Verheul Henk M.W. , Sanabria Bohorquez Sandra M. , Glaudemans Andor W.J.M. , de Vries Elisabeth G.E. 
Published: April 2023

<p>C.	PET uptake in one kidney per patient. On X axis the different PET moments: 2, 4 and 7 days post injection. On the Y axis the SUVmax per patient.</p>
Supplementary figure 1B from ImmunoPET with Anti-Mesothelin Antibody in Patients with Pancreatic and Ovarian Cancer before Anti-Mesothelin Antibody–Drug Conjugate Treatment
Authors: Lamberts Laetitia E. , Menke-van der Houven van Oordt Catharina W. , ter Weele Eva J. , Bensch Frederike , Smeenk Michiel M. , Voortman Johannes , Hoekstra Otto S. , Williams Simon P. , Fine Bernard M. , Maslyar Daniel , de Jong Johan R. , Gietema Jourik A. , Schröder Carolien P. , Bongaerts Alphons H.H. , Lub-de Hooge Marjolijn N. , Verheul Henk M.W. , Sanabria Bohorquez Sandra M. , Glaudemans Andor W.J.M. , de Vries Elisabeth G.E. 
Published: April 2023

<p>B.	PET uptake in the liver per patient. On X axis the different PET moments: 2, 4 and 7 days post injection. On the Y axis the SUVmax per patient.</p>
Supplementary Figure S3 from Establishment of Patient-Derived Succinate Dehydrogenase–Deficient Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Models for Predicting Therapeutic Response
Authors: Yebra Mayra , Bhargava Shruti , Kumar Avi , Burgoyne Adam M. , Tang Chih-Min , Yoon Hyunho , Banerjee Sudeep , Aguilera Joseph , Cordes Thekla , Sheth Vipul , Noh Sangkyu , Ustoy Rowan , Li Sam , Advani Sunil J. , Corless Christopher L. , Heinrich Michael C. , Kurzrock Razelle , Lippman Scott M. , Fanta Paul T. , Harismendy Olivier , Metallo Christian , Sicklick Jason K. 
Published: April 2023

<p>Fig. S3. Recapitulation of transcriptional characteristics of parental tumors and SDH-deficiency by patient-derived mSDH GIST models. A.	Scatter Plot of the first two principal components and associated percentage of variance they explain for each SDH-deficient tumor and cell culture, as well as GIST882. B.	The normalized gene set activity score (y-axis) for each investigated signature in Figure 3B and 3H, is displayed for each SDH-deficient tumor and cell culture, as well as GIST882. C.	mSDH GIST spheroids express higher levels of 5-mC than 5-hmC when compared to GIST882 cells stained with an antibody to 5-mC (red) or to 5-hmC (green) followed by imaging with confocal fluorescence microscopy. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 50 ï�­m.</p>
Zebrafish ELL-associated factors Eaf1/2 modulate erythropoiesis via regulating gata1a expression and WNT signaling to facilitate hypoxia tolerance
Authors: Liu WenYe , Lin ShuHui , Li LingYa , Tai ZhiPeng , Liu Jing-Xia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEAF1 and EAF2, the eleven-nineteen lysine-rich leukemia (ELL)-associated factors which can assemble to the super elongation complex (AFF1/4, AF9/ENL, ELL, and P-TEFb), are reported to participate in RNA polymerase II to actively regulate a variety of biological processes, including leukemia and embryogenesis, but whether and how EAF1/2 function in hematopoietic system related hypoxia tolerance during embryogenesis remains unclear. Here, we unveiled that deletion of EAF1/2 (eaf1−/− and eaf2−/−) caused reduction in hypoxia tolerance in zebrafish, leading to reduced erythropoiesis during hematopoietic processes. Meanwhile, eaf1−/− and eaf2−/− mutants showed significant reduction in the expression of key transcriptional regulators scl, lmo2, and gata1a in erythropoiesis at both 24 h post fertilization (hpf) and 72 hpf, with gata1a downregulated while scl and lmo2 upregulated at 14 hpf. Mechanistically, eaf1−/− and eaf2−/− mutants exhibited significant changes in the expression of epigenetic modified histones, with a significant increase in the binding enrichment of modified histone H3K27me3 in gata1a promoter rather than scl and lmo2 promoters. Additionally, eaf1−/− and eaf2−/− mutants exhibited a dynamic expression of canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling during erythropoiesis, with significant reduction in p-β-Catenin level and in the binding enrichment of both scl and lmo2 promoters with the WNT transcriptional factor TCF4 at 24 hpf. These findings demonstrate an important role of Eaf1/2 in erythropoiesis in zebrafish and may have shed some light on regeneration medicine for anemia and related diseases and on molecular basis for fish economic or productive traits, such as growth, disease resistance, hypoxia tolerance, and so on.
High energy solutions of general Kirchhoff type equations without the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz type condition
Authors: Zhang Jian , Liu Huize , Zuo Jiabin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this article, we study the following general Kirchhoff type equation:

−
M

∫

R

3

∣

∇

u

∣

2

d
x

Δ
u
+
u
=
a

(

x

)

f

(

u

)

in

R

3

,

-M\left(\mathop{\int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3}}| \nabla u{| }^{2}{\rm{d}}x\right)\Delta u+u=a\left(x)f\left(u)\hspace{1em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},

where

inf

R

+

M
>
0

{\inf }_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{+}}M\gt 0

and

f

f

is a superlinear subcritical term. By using the Pohozǎev manifold, we obtain the existence of high energy solutions of the aforementioned equation without the well-known Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz type condition.
Transient particle tracking microrheology of plasma coagulation via the intrinsic pathway
Authors: Mao Yating , Tan Mingyang , Kohs Tia C. L. , Sylman Joanna L. , Ngo Anh T. P. , Puy Cristina , McCarty Owen J. T. , Walker Travis W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The maintenance of hemostasis to ensure vascular integrity is dependent upon the rapid conversion of zymogen species of the coagulation cascade to their enzymatically active forms. This process culminates in the generation of the serine protease thrombin and polymerization of fibrin to prevent vascular leak at sites of endothelial cell injury or loss of cellular junctions. Thrombin generation can be initiated by the extrinsic pathway of coagulation through exposure of blood to tissue factor at sites of vascular damage, or alternatively by the coagulation factor (F) XII activated by foreign surfaces with negative charges, such as glass, through the contact activation pathway. Here, we used transient particle tracking microrheology to investigate the mechanical properties of fibrin in response to thrombin generation downstream of both coagulation pathways. We found that the structural heterogeneity of fibrin formation was dependent on the reaction kinetics of thrombin generation. Pharmacological inhibition of FXII activity prolonged the time to form fibrin and increased the degree of heterogeneity of fibrin, resulting in fibrin clots with reduced mechanical properties. Taken together, this study demonstrates a dependency of the physical biology of fibrin formation on activation of the contact pathway of coagulation.
The associative system of early-learned Hebrew verbs and body parts: a comparative study with American English
Authors: Maouene Josita , Sethuraman Nitya , Uziel-Karl Sigal , Hidaka Shohei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper compares the associative system of early-learned verbs and body parts in Hebrew with previously published data on American English (Maouene, Josita, Shohei Hidaka & Linda B. Smith. 2008. Body parts and early-learned verbs. Cognitive Science 32(7). 1200–1216). Following the methodology of the former study, 51 Hebrew-speaking college students gave the first body part that came to mind for each of 103 early-learned Hebrew verbs, 81 of which were translational equivalents. Rate of convergence and divergence and underlying patterns were used to make inferences about the constraints at work. Overall convergence (92.3% of the Hebrew data and 93.7% of the English data) reveal similar entropy levels, comparable semantic field shapes of verbs organized by body parts and similar general cluster patterns of verbs by body parts. Most divergence lies in the infrequent responses (offered fewer than 1% of the time) which arise around body parts that are internal, very detailed, very general categorically, used in figurative language, uniquely provided and tend to be subject to cultural taboos. This is a new contribution, as previous work has not quantified the relative proportion of convergent to divergent associations. We discuss how these findings support neural and developmental continuity and stability in the verbal system with respect to the categorization of verbs by body parts cross-culturally.
Power flow control and power oscillation damping in a 2-machine system using SSSC during faults
Authors: Sharma Kartikey , Nimje Akhilesh A. , Godwal Shanker D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the rapidly growing population, energy demand is increasing. The power supply to consumers must be free from distortions. By injecting voltage in quadrature with line current and varying the magnitude, the SSSC offers series compensation to the line. The injected voltage, which offers the effect of inserting an inductive or else capacitive reactance in series with the transmission line, is in quadrature with the line current. Using MATLAB/Simulink software, a phasor model of a 2-machine device with SSSC integration and POD as a subsidiary controller is simulated in this paper to evaluate efficient power flow regulation. The simulation has been used to study the time domain behavior of SSSC under normal and faulty conditions. The SSSC is implemented for correcting the voltage and analyzing power responses during a low voltage fault in the power system, whereas in normal conditions, the power system’s voltage stability for maintaining steady acceptable voltages at every bus is analyzed. It has been revealed that POD controller assists SSSC by supplying the reference voltage signal to damp out the low frequency power oscillations. The objective of this study is to reduce the crest outreach and clearing time during the fault thus improving the transient stability.
Can You Have Your Corporate Wokeism and Eat it too?
Authors: Weisman Dennis L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Corporate wokeism may be sustainable in an imperfectly competitive market when the higher costs driven by the inefficiency in employing labor inputs are offset by the increase in positive-margin sales generated from being “woke.” This is the mechanism by which woke corporations are potentially rewarded rather than punished by the competitive process in the new market economy.
New semi-empirical systematic of (p,n) reaction cross section at 7.5 MeV
Authors: Lyes Omeir , Amrani Naima 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
It is advised to use a new formula to calculate the (p, n) reaction cross section at 7.5 MeV. We propose six new parameters for the formula proposed by Broeders, C. and Konobeyev, A.Y. (2008. Systematics of (p,n) reaction crosssection. Radiochim. Acta 96: 387–397) to fit experimental data. It should be noted that our systematics is only applicable to isotopes with a ratio of 7.5 MeV to the reaction threshold above 1.3 (7.5/E

th
> 1.3). This is based on analytical calculations generated from the semi-empirical mass formula, the evaporation model, and the pre-equilibrium exciton model. We were able to find new parameters for the Broders et al. formula through this inquiry that guarantee a good fit with the revised experimental data (EXFOR2022) and provide a minimum value for the statistical parameters ∑ and χ
2.
Well-posedness for bilevel vector equilibrium problems with variable domination structures
Authors: Xu Yu-ping , Wang San-hua , Li Qiu-ying , Lu Bing-yi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this article, well-posedness for two types of bilevel vector equilibrium problems with variable domination structures are introduced and studied. With the help of cosmically upper continuity or Hausdorff upper semi-continuity for variable domination structures, sufficient and necessary conditions are given for such problems to be Levitin-Polyak (LP) well-posed and LP well-posedness in the generalized sense. As variable domination structure is a valid generalization of fixed one, the main results obtained in this article extend and develop some recent works in the literature.