bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Inpatient Medicine
Authors: Houchens Nathan , Harrod Molly , Saint Sanjay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This book combines the social and clinical aspects of teaching to present a comprehensive guide for educators of inpatient medicine in all career stages who are looking to improve their teaching approach and their ability to connect with patients and learners. The authors visited with some of the most outstanding attending physicians teaching in today’s healthcare environment and, from both the learner and attending perspectives as well as direct observations of teaching in real time, they identified specific behaviors that resonate with patients and learners. The authors provide authentic teaching examples that any attending can incorporate into their repertoire. In addition, they looked beyond the medical team to demonstrate how attendings interact with other healthcare providers and patients to create environments that are conducive to learning, connection, and healing. This edition includes new chapters and content emphasizing strategies used by female and underrepresented minority attendings to navigate gender- and race-based challenges; to mitigate unconscious bias, stereotype threat, and more overt discrimination and harassment; to position themselves as leaders of teams; and to manage imposter syndrome. Additionally, Teaching Inpatient Medicine, Second Edition explores strategies to provide and receive meaningful mentorship, engage in effective communication, and best teach and lead in times of crisis, topics not typically included in books on teaching medicine.
Building the Team
Authors: Houchens Nathan , Harrod Molly , Saint Sanjay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The attendings followed for this study made clear how seriously they take their responsibility to establish and maintain close-knit teams that were cooperative rather than competitive, with team members concerned for their patients and for each other. Such teams perform more effectively on the wards, and their members do a better job of learning to become outstanding doctors. This double obligation to minister to the sick and to learn has a checkered history, as does the role of the attending physician within the medical team. The attendings used multiple strategies to build and maintain team relationships. The attendings’ definition of the team extended beyond the learners and included other medical specialists. Attendings view the care of a patient as the team’s responsibility and not just that of the primary provider’s.
The Stories We Share
Authors: Houchens Nathan , Harrod Molly , Saint Sanjay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Physician and patient interaction influences important health outcomes. The foundation of an effective relationship centers on mutual trust and respect. Building rapport in the hospital can be challenging since many physicians have not previously met the patient and family members and are often doing so during moments of duress and stress. Attending physicians lead in mentoring and instructing yet also provide guidance through the techniques they use to effectively communicate. The attendings followed throughout this study reflect the fundamental building blocks of relationship-centered communication in healthcare through skillfully connecting with patients, fostering meaningful relationships, and making space for sacred moments. Through interacting with patients and meaningfully connecting with them, the attendings seek to elicit the untold story from their patient, helping to better fully understand the patient’s care needs.
Introduction
Authors: Phillips W. D. , Pinedo Isabel C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This introductory chapter provides readers of the collection with a basic framework through which to understand the sudden flowering of camp on American and British television in the mid-1960s. No style, movement, or genre emerges from a vacuum and Camp TV is no exception. Reviewing the longer history of camp, including its association with cultural resistance, its correlation with strategies of dual address, and its groundswell in the decade leading up to Susan Sontag’s 1964 essay “Notes on ‘Camp,’ ” this chapter prepares readers to engage with the range of television programs and analytical approaches that are found in the book’s chapters. Moreover, this introduction sets the stage for the work of the book in tracing Camp’s move, during the 1960s, from the margins to the mainstream. In the process, individual chapters and the collection as a whole serve to reevaluate American television’s “vast wasteland”—Federal Communications Commission Chairman Newton Minow’s 1961 descriptive phrase—before its well-documented turn toward “relevance” in the early 1970s. In addition, this chapter also offers a brief survey of the scholarly work on Camp and, more recently, on Camp television. The final section of this chapter summarizes each of the thirteen body chapters and the Afterword so readers may see how the entire collection fits together, more easily find the chapters that most interest them, and consider new directions in scholarship suggested by the works collected here.
Fractured Flickers (1963–64), Camp, and Cinema’s Ab/usable Past
Authors: Comiskey Andrea , Horwitz Jonah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The 1960s television series Fractured Flickers reworked older footage, mostly from silent films, to create new, absurdist replacement narratives and comic montages. Produced by Jay Ward, the show shared the antic, allusive humor of other Ward series, which themselves featured frequent references to silent cinema. Flickers belongs to a submerged history of Hollywood reusing and lampooning silents. One of several midcentury TV programs that brought silent films to the attention of a new generation, Flickers aroused the ire of critics and actors and became a byword for the abuse of cinema heritage. But rather than simply mocking older films, Flickers repurposed them in a reflexive mode that combined affection and travesty. Flickers tutored its viewers in strategies of camp reappropriation, recontextualization, and remixing. Its sophisticated approach echoed contemporaneous avant-garde found-footage cinema and presaged the likes of Mystery Science Theater 3000 and other hallmarks of “riffing” culture.
Spellcasting Camp
Authors: Owens Andrew J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines a transitional moment across both the industrial and programming landscape of 1960s American television and US occult media through the lens of what Susan Sontag and others have referred to as one of the most enigmatic sensibilities of popular culture: camp. Looking through this affection for what Sontag described as “the exaggerated, the ‘off,’ of things-being-what-they-are-not,” this chapter focuses on the ways in which Bewitched (1964–72, ABC) refracted 1960s occultism through the lens of camp in order to produce one of the most successful TV series of the decade. Yet while Sontag denies any true political potentialities of approaching the world in a campy way, I argue that Bewitched nevertheless used its love of artifice and exaggeration to assemble a generative ideological ground for analysis of American television’s ability to engage in social critique during the 1960s, especially surrounding changing midcentury mores of gender and sexuality.
“We’re Being Passed off as Something We Aren’t”
Authors: Amernick Dan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This analysis of The Monkees TV series takes a closer look at the attempts of stars Davy Jones, Mickey Dolenz, Mike Nesmith, and Peter Tork to distance themselves from their manufactured image and demonstrate their authenticity as an actual band early in the TV series’ run. Not only were the Monkees interested in being viewed as authentic musicians and authentic members of the emergent counterculture but also authentic in relation to the creative direction of the television series. Throughout the two-year run of The Monkees, the series engaged in a struggle between camp and authenticity. This essay looks closely at the Monkees’ attempts at authenticity and efforts, beginning earlier than has been previously recognized, to distance themselves from the “Camp TV” image that had been crafted by the producers during the first season.
Straight Male Spies, Queer Camp Vistas
Authors: Haslop Craig , McNaughton Douglas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter surveys developing representations of masculinity in British “spy-fi” television espionage series of the 1960s. Sketching the historical and social context, the chapter establishes normative forms of masculinity in the postwar era and explores the emergence of “pop camp” as a challenge to dominant masculinity. The chapter examines how Danger Man, The Prisoner, The Avengers, and Department S use camp in their articulation of shifting discourses of masculinity in the 1960s. These series subvert hegemonic masculinity in different ways, from the central protagonist’s misogynistic disinterest in women in Danger Man and The Prisoner, through the dandyism of Steed in The Avengers, to the macho camp of Department S. The chapter concludes by arguing that the camp aspects of these spy-fi shows influenced the emergence of transnational Camp TV in the 1960s, as well as “queering” later industrialized models of cult television.
“Far Right, Far Left, and Far Out”
Authors: Luckett Moya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter considers how American 1960s Camp TV advanced conservative politics even as it gestured toward the period’s new (and sometimes radical) youth culture. Despite their mod aesthetics, these shows shored up ideals of square masculinity and white, heartland culture, employing camp’s play with boundaries to render ambivalent their evocations of bad and middlebrow taste. In tandem with politically and socially conservative magazines like The Saturday Evening Post, camp shows like Green Acres, Laugh-In, and even Batman invited older and more mainstream viewers to claim a version of the new camp sensibility as their own, albeit one that inverted much of the original’s subcultural politics. While it shared its more radical counterparts’ fascination with boundaries, particularly their capacity to other, the joke was often on the counterculture as the mainstream used television to reclaim its own centrality.
The Revolution of India
Authors: Cross Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many French officials, especially those within the French Navy, continued to regard India as a realistic venue for military action against Britain after the Seven Years’ War. These actors sought a “revolution of India” that would overthrow British rule in collaboration with Indian powers such as the Maratha Confederacy or the kingdom of Mysore. Their projects were avowedly predicated on a rejection of territorial conquest and a desire to return the Indian subcontinent to its rightful rulers, while securing protection for French trade. These officials rejected the corporate sovereign model offered by the East India Company, as commercial actors could not be trusted with military strategy. As these ideas influenced the abortive French war effort in the Indian Ocean during the American Revolution, high-ranking officials in the French Navy, such as the Maréchal de Castries, began to see a limited but state-controlled company as a means of developing military infrastructure in India to prepare for future war.
Diplomatic Intentions
Authors: Cross Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The establishment of the Nouvelle Compagnie des Indes (“New Company”) in 1785 ultimately occurred under the auspices of a different, amicable understanding of the Franco-British relationship. Louis XVI’s foreign minister, the comte de Vergennes, spearheaded initiatives after the American Revolutionary War intended to establish a lasting peace through reciprocal commercial connections. The focal points were a wide-ranging free-trade agreement known as the Eden Treaty, and the creation of a revived, “purely commercial” Compagnie des Indes that intended, at the outset, to purchase the majority of its cargo directly from the East India Company. At the same time, the controller-general, Calonne, sought to utilize the New Company as a vehicle for shoring up public credit at home, by offering it lucrative monopoly concessions intended to appeal to investors and lenders. As these initiatives came under fire from merchants who had their interests sidelined, they attacked the haphazard nature of Old Regime economic policymaking that privileged diplomatic intentions over material realities.
Between the Colossus and the Tiger
Authors: Cross Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The agents of the New Company in India were confronted by challenges that derived from the French state’s fiscal precarity and unwillingness to commit to its fragile Indian empire on the ground. In Pondicherry, the Company’s lead agent was drawn into schemes to subsidize the expenses of the French Navy, while maintaining profiting from financial connections with the East India Company in Madras. In Bengal, the epicenter of British power in eighteenth-century India, the New Company’s agents engaged in illicit trade with Bengali contractors and rogue EIC employees, while attempting to avoid retaliation from the authorities. On the southwestern Malabar Coast, the Company’s agents found themselves at the mercy of France’s would-be ally, Tipu Sultan of Mysore, who withheld French access to commodities in the hopes of forcing France into a formal military alliance. In each of these locales, the Company’s experiences exposed the fiction of its “purely commercial” mandate: securing trade required the sovereign powers of diplomacy and war.
Case Study
Authors: Emery Nina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter is the first of three case studies demonstrating the potential impacts of methodological naturalism. It uses a series of historical cases to argue that scientific methodology includes an extra-empirical principle that says that we should not leave patterns unexplained, even if the only way to explain those patterns is to introduce new or surprising kinds of entities. These historical cases include Faraday’s introduction of the magnetic field in the 1850s, Pauli’s introduction of the neutrino in the 1930s, and cosmologists’ discovery of dark energy in the late 1990s and early 2000s. It follows that, if one is a methodological naturalist, this principle will have implications for philosophical theories about both laws of nature and the nature of governance.
Case Study
Authors: Emery Nina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter is the second of three case studies demonstrating the potential impacts of methodological naturalism. It argues that scientific methodology includes a surprising extra-empirical principle that says that we should respect a certain kind of common sense. According to this principle, if we have two theories that both are compatible with the data, then we should choose the theory that diverges least from the manifest image (the way the world appears to be). The notion of divergence from the manifest image is discussed in detail. It is then demonstrated that if one is a methodological naturalist, the extra-empirical principle in question will impact philosophical debates about composition.
Introduction
Authors: Ozgur Alhassen Leyla 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the direction and methodology of the book, then it outlines the format and structure of the book. Repetition forges patterns, connections, and layers of meaning throughout the Qur’ān. It is part of the art of Qur’ānic literary technique. In addition, repetition develops subtleties and sophistication in the ideas the Qur’ān presents. This book is a rhetorical, semantic, and narratological analysis of the Qur’ān. Most of the chapters of the book examine multiple Qur’ānic chapters and are comparative within the Qur’ān. The chapter discusses what it means to argue that repetition is a narrative technique used in the Qur’ān to make theological points and how one can analyze those beliefs. The chapter also discusses the connections between repetition, echo, resonance, and orality.
Repetition and the Portrayal of Time in the Story of Mūsā and Hārūn in the Qur’ān
Authors: Ozgur Alhassen Leyla 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the portrayal of time in the Qur’ānic story of Mūsā and Hārūn in particular and uses a narratological and rhetorical lens to analyze a few iterations of the story. This chapter focuses on repetition on the scale of the scene. The chapter discusses the purpose that time leaps serve for the audience, that they are reflected in the storytelling, are not just didactic, and are performative. The narrator of the Qur’ān uses the narrative to shape the reader’s perceptions about time and space and to thereby reinforce theological beliefs that the Qur’ān expresses in its metanarrative. These beliefs are that God fulfills His promises, God does as God wills, and God shapes the narrative, time, and space in order to show that God does as God wills.
Repetition in Sūrat al-Shu‘arā’
Authors: Ozgur Alhassen Leyla 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter analyzes repetition in Sūrat al-Shu‘arā’ in the series of stories, which lends insight into its structure, and in the root letters. The analysis in this chapter demonstrates how repetition occurs at various levels of scale throughout Sūrat al-Shu‘arā’ and how it is used to contrast and complicate various themes. The overarching theme in the sūra is prophecy. Scaffolding this theme are four others: (1) sources of power, inspiration, and revelation: messengers, devils, magicians, poets, and ancestors; (2) God sends people messengers and gives people the choice to believe or not; (3) messengers’ expectations from their people; and (4) responses to revelation and its claims. What becomes apparent through these themes is that the Qur’ān is aware that a message, magic, a prophet and even family can be used to make claims to power; the Qur’ān makes clear what is and is not acceptable in this sūra.
From the American Century to the End of History
Authors: Dunmire Patricia L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This final analytic chapter examines the foreign policy discourse of George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton. Both of these presidents oversaw the ending of the Cold War and the inception of the post–Cold War era. This discourse is situated within the genre of the American jeremiad that has served historically to articulate and sustain the nation’s identity and geopolitical purpose. The chapter identifies the linguistic and rhetorical means by which the nation’s exceptionalist identity was asserted and reaffirmed and how that identity was used to sanction an activist foreign policy aimed at shaping a post–Cold War future amenable to the nation’s interests and goals. The chapter argues that foreign policy discourse in the early years of the post–Cold War era drew on key elements of the jeremiad in order to reaffirm and sustain the nation’s identity as “the great nation of futurity.”
Sensuous Certainty, Perceiving, Force, and the Understanding
Authors: Pinkard Terry 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Is there anything we know with certainty without its following from anything else? Three models are tried out, and each fails in its own terms to make good on answering that question. From the idea of a meaning-free reference to this, here, and now, we move on after its failure to an account of perceiving objects with general properties, but what we were really doing there was something only performed in a wider context of distinctions between appearance and reality, laws of appearance, laws that explain the laws of appearance, and so on until the whole edifice of awareness, reference, description, and explanation turns topsy-turvy. We are finally put into a position to see that the paradigm of a single subject aware of an object led to the idea of a “curtain” of appearance hiding the real world—except that when we pull the curtain of appearance back, what we see are ourselves and our own activities looking back.
Freedom
Authors: Pinkard Terry 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The dialectic of mastery moves the subject into seeing that the independence he sought was really that of freedom. This mode of thinking about freedom took shape in the slave societies of the ancient Mediterranean world as the lived philosophies of Stoicism and skepticism. Each of these also fails because in each the individual “I” wants to speak with the authority of the whole behind it (the authority of the “We” taken as humanity as a whole) but instead finds in each case that there is really nothing there that would entitle him to that authority. That failure makes this shape into the “unhappy consciousness,” longing for a place beyond this world in the realm of the “unchangeable.” In seeking that, it finds that what it is really doing is making a move to a universal self-consciousness and then to universal “Reason” itself as uniting both the “I” and the “We.”
Reason
Authors: Pinkard Terry 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In “Reason,” there is no “other”—no master, no otherworldly beyond—that is entitled to command the agent. There is nothing in principle unknowable by self-consciousness, and it is the world’s knowability that ultimately matters to self-consciousness. This, Hegel says, is idealism. It should be the case that this idealism could show the baselines of what it needs to know and do from its own constitution, but it (so far) has failed to do so, and it has failed to do so because of the abstractness of its conception of reason. To fill itself in, reason becomes observing reason, determined to closely observe in a scientific manner the workings of the world. To do that, it sets about discovering laws as regularities of appearance. Observing reason, however, finds itself doing more than just observing, and it especially runs into trouble when it tries to explain the role of Geist in nature.
Debating a Virtue
Authors: Moore Christopher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 first sets out the theory of sôphrosunê reconstructed in this book, as a virtue of agency—the capacity to discriminate between one’s desires, interests, goals, or norms and act only on those identified as authoritative for oneself. Three close readings of late fifth-century texts support this: the Cambyses madness episode from Herodotus, a conflict between Medea and Jason in Euripides’ Medea, and the competition between Better and Worse Argument in Aristophanes’ Clouds. Then there is a review of earlier scholarship on sôphrosunê, notably of Helen North and Adriaan Rademaker, and an explanation of this book’s goals. The chapter concludes with a summary of its chapters.
Plato 3—Sôphrosunê with Wisdom in Two Late Dialogues
Authors: Moore Christopher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Among Plato’s last dialogues, the Statesman and Laws both give signal importance to sôphrosunê, especially in the context of constitutional reflection. A question that arises in both concerns the relationship between sôphrosunê and wisdom. Both identify two sorts of states associated with sôphrosunê, one a set of desiderative dispositions alone and the other a virtue proper, where those dispositions are guided by rational insight. In the Statesman, a civic leader has two relevant tasks: “weaving together” people with relatively sôphrôn dispositions with those with relatively courageous dispositions, and, through instilling stable and true beliefs, ensuring that each person is sôphrôn at the right times and courageous at the right times. In the Laws, an important textual crux leaves unclear whether the second greatest virtue is “a sôphrôn state of the soul” by itself or that state modified by nous, wisdom. Subsequent passages in that dialogue support both interpretations and so do not resolve the crux, but together they reveal the complexity of Plato’s thought about the virtue. Together these texts help explain Aristotle’s particular take on sôphrosunê.