bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible mechanism of south-north reverse of early summer precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Sun Yang , Yang Cheng , Zhou Shunwu , Deng Zhongren 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Based on the monthly average precipitation data from meteorological stations on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), this study reveals the spatial distribution characteristics of the north-south reverse precipitation during early summer (May-June). Through analysis of the circulation patterns associated with early summer precipitation, a meridional wind index (ITPv) is defined to characterize the interannual variation of precipitation. The corresponding relationship between this index and the meridional wind in the upstream region of the TP is discussed. The results show that when the meridional wind index is anomalously strong, the central TP is dominated by southerly wind anomaly, leading to excessive precipitation in the north and deficient precipitation in the south through water vapor convergence and divergence in the northern and southern of the TP, respectively. This meridional wind anomaly is related to the anomalous strong (weak) southwesterly winds in the southern upstream region and the anomalous weak (strong) westerly winds in the northern upstream region of the TP.
Convection-permitting regional climate simulations over coastal regions in China
Authors: Jiang Zhiyu , Liu Dongqing , Dong Guangtao , Tang Jianping , Wang Shuguang , Xiong Yating 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study investigates the regional characteristics and land/sea differences in precipitation and wind along the coast of China, utilizing the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for a continuous 10-year (2009-2018) simulation at 4km resolution. The results indicate that the WRF model, operating at convection-permitting resolution, can accurately simulate annual precipitation and the rainfall frequency, but it tends to underestimates precipitation over the ocean while overestimates frequency of drizzle rain. The study also reveals that, along the Chinese coastal region, the sub-daily scale precipitation events are most frequent in EC, and WRF tends to underestimate the frequency of events lasting longer than 3 hours. WRF simulates relatively consistent land-sea maximum precipitation between land and sea areas, with smallest deviation, below 20% observed in maximum hourly precipitation over the sea. Furthermore, observations show that the diurnal cycle of precipitation peaks at 16:00-17:00 local time over land, with most afternoon precipitation lasts approximately 1 to 6 hours. The WRF model successfully captures the observed diurnal variation of precipitation over land and sea in different regions. However, the WRF simulation indicates a shorter duration of afternoon precipitation, lasting less than 5 hours and an earlier peak. In addition, WRF adequately reproduces the annual and seasonal mean windspeeds for each region, with a slight overestimation during summer. WRF also reasonably captures the frequency distribution of windspeed and wind direction and can identify the occurrence frequency of land-sea breeze in each sub-region. Overall, the study offers valuable insights into the regional characteristics of precipitation and wind along the coast of China and highlights the WRF model’s effectiveness in accurately simulating these phenomena.
BMWP: The First Bengali Math Word Problems Dataset for Operation Prediction and Solving
Authors: Mondal Sanchita , Khatua Debnarayan , Mandal Sourav , Sekh Arif Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

One of the most challenging and exciting research questions in the various branches of artificial intelligence (AI), such as natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), etc., today is how to solve math word problems of varying complexities Word problem-solving ties together the cognitive domains of language processing, language comprehension, and language transformation into the solution of real-world word issues. With the development of AI and ML in the last ten years, solving this complicated problem has advanced to a new level. Researchers from all around the world helped to solve math word problems using datasets mostly in the English language. A few datasets are also available in Chinese. Researchers have recently been attempting to create datasets in several different languages. No standard dataset of math word problems is available for languages with limited resources like Bengali. This study presents the benchmark Bengali Math Word Problem dataset (BMWP) with, 8653-word problems. We first talk about creating the dataset; then, we talk about benchmarking methods. As a continuation of this work, we also talk about the operation prediction from Bengali word problems towards solving utilizing cutting-edge deep learning (DL) techniques. We implemented and compared various standard DL-based neural network architectures for solving the Bengali word problems of BMWP dataset.
We achieved 92 ± 2% accuracy using different neural networks. The dataset and the code is available at ToBeAvailable
“Follow your heart”: Heart-to-Brain-driven interplay relates to self-congruency.
Authors: Rimorini Nina , Bourdillon Nicolas , Rey Alicia , Urben Sébastien , Besson Cyril , Ledoux Jean-Baptiste , Gomez Yasser Aleman , Fornari Eleonora , Denervaud Solange 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
When emotions, thoughts, and actions align, this is referred to as “self-congruency”. Therefore, this study aimed to determine how temporal covariance of the heart and brain signals were related to self-congruency. Thirty-eight healthy adults underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging to obtain neural markers of variability, whereas heart rate variability (HRV) was measured using photoplethysmography. Participants were also asked to report their level of self-congruency with a graphic rating scale. A cross-covariance analysis (CCA) was performed to assess the temporal covariance of signals arising from both organs, which was then correlated with self-congruency scores. Overall, the CCA results revealed brain-to-heart-driven interplay in brain regions involved in the neurovisceral integration model (e.g., ventromedial prefrontal cortex) and in emotion regulation (e.g., anterior cingulate). However, higher self-congruency scores were related to heart-to-brain-driven interplay in brain regions involved in emotion regulation and empathy. Together, the present findings suggest that, while global brain-to-heart-driven interplay occurs on average, it is heart-to-brain-driven interplay that reflects higher self-congruency. Given the impact of heart-brain interplay and self-congruency on mental health, further investigations on each concept could be interesting in developing tools for early intervention.
Unveiling Window Layer Significance in Perovskite Solar Cell Performance Optimization
Authors: Shabat Mohammed M. , Elblbeisi Mahassen H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells, representing the fourth generation of solar cell technology, have emerged as a formidable contender, surpassing their predecessors in terms of performance metrics. Capitalizing on its abundant global availability, perovskite demonstrates exceptional potential as a barrier material within solar cells. This study delves into the influence of diverse window layers on the solar cell's electrical properties. The employed device structure encompassed ZnMgO, CdS/ZnO/CdS/perovskite/MoS2. An exhaustive analysis was conducted on parameters including absorber layer thickness, window layer properties, buffer layer characteristics, as well as doping concentrations within both absorber and buffer layers. Notably, the findings underscore ZnMgO's efficacy as an optimal choice for window layers in perovskite solar cells. The incorporation of ZnMgO yielded remarkable outcomes, with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22%, a fill factor (FF) of 75%, a short-circuit current (Jsc) of 26 mA/cm², and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.162V. These results signify a significant advancement in enhancing perovskite solar cell performance.
The effectiveness of rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) and mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on psychological, physiological and executive functions as a proxy for sports performance
Authors: Tóth Renátó , Turner Martin James , Mannion Joe , Tóth László 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background In the present study, we compared group-based rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) and mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) with a control group. The aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of the two interventions on specific psychological (competitive anxiety, perfectionism, irrational beliefs), physiological (salivary cortisol levels), and neurocognitive (executive functions: working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility) functions in Hungarian junior ice hockey players.
Methods We used questionnaires to assess competitive anxiety, perfectionism, and irrational beliefs. The components of executive functions were measured using a computerized testing system, while cortisol levels were examined through salivary samples. Prior to and after the interventions, each participant underwent all measurements, after which we conducted repeated measures ANOVA on our data.
Results We found REBT to be an effective intervention for the regulation of competitive anxiety, perfectionism, and irrational beliefs as well as for improving some components of executive functions (inhibition and cognitive flexibility). Mindfulness was found to improve athletes' processing speed and set-shifting abilities, which are related to cognitive flexibility and metacognitive processes.
Conclusion In conclusion, we explore implications of these findings regarding how each approach is posited to enhance sports performance, using neurocognitive functions as a proxy. These findings are useful for the further research and practical implication as well.
Lactic Acid Enhances Vaginal Epithelial Barrier Integrity and Ameliorates Inflammatory Effects of Dysbiotic Short Chain Fatty Acids and HIV-1
Authors: Schwecht Ingrid , Nazli Aisha , Gill Bibanjeet , Kaushic Charu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The vaginal microenvironment is key in mediating susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections. A polymicrobial environment with reduced Lactobacilllus spp. is characteristic of vaginal dysbiosis, associated with increased production of several short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), vaginal inflammation and an increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition. In contrast, a eubiotic vaginal microbiome (VMB), dominated by Lactobacillus spp. correlates with increased production of lactic acid (LA), an acidic milieu and protection against HIV-1. Vaginal metabolites, specifically LA and SCFAs including butyric, succinic and acetic acids are associated with modulation of HIV-1 risk. We assessed the impact of combined and individual SCFAs and LA on vaginal epithelial cells (VK2) grown in air-liquid interface cultures. Treatment of VK2 cells with eubiotic SCFA + LA mixture showed increased epithelial barrier integrity, reduced FITC dextran leakage and enhanced expression of cell-cell adhesion proteins. Treatment with dysbiotic SCFA + LA mixture diminished epithelial barrier integrity, increased NFκB activation and inflammatory mediators: TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and RANTES. LA was found to be the primary contributor of the beneficial effects. Eubiotic SCFA + LA mixture ameliorated HIV-1 mediated barrier disruption and HIV-1 leakage, whereas dysbiotic SCFA + LA treatment exacerbated HIV-1 effects. These findings indicate a key role for LA in future prophylactic strategies.
Machado-Joseph disease in a Sudanese family links East Africa to Portuguese families and allows reestimation of ancestral age of the Machado lineage
Authors: Martins Sandra , Yahia Ashraf , Costa Inês P. D. , Siddig Hassab E. , Abubaker Rayan , Koko Mahmoud , Corral-Juan Marc , Matilla-Dueñas Antoni , Brice Alexis , Durr Alexandra , Leguern Eric , Ranum Laura P. W. , Amorim António , Elsayed Liena E. O. , Stevanin Giovanni , Sequeiros Jorge 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD/SCA3) is the most frequent dominant ataxia worldwide. It is caused by a (CAG)n expansion. MJD has two major ancestral backgrounds: the Machado lineage, found mainly in Portuguese families; and the Joseph lineage, present in all five continents, probably originating in Asia. MJD has been described in a few African and African-American families, but here we report the first diagnosed in Sudan to our knowledge. The proband presented with gait ataxia at age 24; followed by muscle cramps and spasticity, and dysarthria, by age 26; he was wheel-chair bound at 29 years of age. His brother had gait problems from age 20 years and, by age 21, lost the ability to run, showed dysarthria and muscle cramps. To assess the mutational origin of this family, we genotyped 30 SNPs and 7 STRs flanking the ATXN3_CAG repeat in three siblings and the non-transmitting father. We compared the MJD haplotype segregating in the family with our cohort of MJD families from diverse populations. Unlike all other known families of African origin, the Machado lineage was observed in Sudan, being shared with 86 Portuguese, 2 Spanish and 2 North-American families. The STR-based haplotype of Sudanese patients, however, was distinct, being four steps (2 STR mutations and 2 recombinations) away from the founder haplotype shared by 47 families, all of Portuguese extraction. Based on the phylogenetic network constructed with all MJD families of the Machado lineage, we estimated a common ancestry at 3,211 ± 693 years ago.
Potentiality of bioactive compounds as inhibitor of M protein and F protein function of human respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Mitra Debanjan , Paul Manish , Thatoi Hrudayanath , Mohapatra Pradeep K. Das 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Context
The human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) creates a pandemic every year in the European country. Lack of target therapeutics and absence of vaccines have prompted scientists to create novel vaccines or small chemical treatments against RSV's numerous targets. The matrix (M) protein and fusion (F) glycoprotein of RSV are well characterized and attractive drug targets. Five bioactive compounds from Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud. were taken into consideration as lead compounds. Drug-likeness characters of them showed the drugs are non-toxic and non-mutagenic and mostly lipophobic. Molecular docking reveals that all bioactive compounds have better binding and better inhibitory effect than ribavirin which is currently used against RSV. Praecoxin A appeared as the best lead compound between them. It creates 7 different types of bonds with amino acids of M protein and 5 different types of bonds with amino acids of F protein. Van der Waals interactions highly influenced the binding energies. Molecular dynamic simulations represent the non-deviated and less fluctuating nature of praecoxin A. Principal Component Analysis showed praecoxin A complex with RSV matrix protein is more stable than ribavirin complex. This study will help to develop a new drug to inhibit RSV.
Methods
All ligands were minimized through semi-empirical PM3 process with MOPAC. Toxicity was tested by ProTox-II server. Molecular docking studies were carried out using AutoDock 4.2. Molecular dynamics simulations for 100ns were carried out through GROMACS 5.12 MD and GROMOS96 43a1 force field. The graphs were produced by GROMACS's XMGrace program.
Heart disease prediction system using machine learning algorithms(k-nearest neighbor and decision tree algorithm)
Authors: Fayaz Zainab , SAURABH  
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Discover a compelling approach to foreseeing cardiovascular health using the power of K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Decision Tree algorithms. In this captivating study, we embark on a journey to construct a robust predictive model that aids in identifying potential heart disease cases. Through the fusion of KNN's data-driven proximity insights and Decision Tree's intuitive decision pathways, our methodology achieves unparalleled accuracy in early detection. Join us as we delve into the realm of predictive analytics, paving the way for a healthier tomorrow.
Is the use of investment resources allocated to councils efficient in Cameroon?
Authors: NDJANG Sylvain NGÔ , ANYA Saturnin Bertrand NGUENDA , Nzepang Fabrice 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of investment resources allocated to councils in Cameroon. Data is drawn from the Local Development Observatory of the Special Council Support Fund for Mutual Assistance (LDO-FEICOM), the Ministry of the Economy, Planning and Regional Development (MINEPAT) and the National Participatory Development Program (PNDP) for 2010–2020 period. The efficiency of this method by the data envelopment analysis(DEA) enables us to archieve at least two important results. Firstly, the use of resources transferred to the Public Investment Budget (BIP) appears more efficient than those transferred to FEICOM and PNDP. This is due to the mechanism used in executing expenditure by the former which differs from that of other mentioned institutions. Secondly, the pooling of resources from the different structures increases the efficiency scores obtained, taking them to a level above those obtained for FEICOM and PNDP taken in isolation, even if the new scores remain lower than those for PIB. These results suggest an important policy implication that the use of investment resources allocated to councils through the PIB mechanism appears to be the most appropriate way to improve the use of investment resources allocated to decentralisation by the State and other agencies involved in financing local projects.
Code JEL :H11, H21, H41, H70, H71, H72
Origin of Small Singlet-Triplet Energy Gaps and Novel Molecule-Design Principle for Multi-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Authors: Chen Xian-Kai , Walia Rajat , Fan Xiaochun , Qu Zexing , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao-Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters with so-called multi-resonance (MR) effect have attracted much attentions for ultrahigh-definition organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic lasers, due to their unique advantages such as narrow emission bandwidths. However, in emerging MR emitters with a fused π-conjugated backbone, origin of small singlet-triplet gaps (ΔES1T1) and its relationship with molecular structure are not well understood to date. In this work, we thus investigated and compared excited-state properties for a series of MR emitters, via high-level wavefunction-based quantum-chemistry calculations and experimental measurements. Our theoretical results demonstrated that: small energy gap of LUMO and LUMO+1 due to the weak orbital π-conjugation triggers strong electron-correlation effect in the first singlet (S1) states, thus stabilizing S1-state energy and reducing ΔES1T1; in addition, such weak orbital π-conjugation also raises the ππ* excitation energy, leading to the mixing of ππ* with nπ* configuration in the first triplet (T1) state and thus increasing spin-orbit coupling between the S1 and T1 states. Our theoretical results thus predicted that the molecules with the weak orbital π-conjugation show stronger TADF, which is consistent with our and others’ experimental observations. Moreover, in the collection of ca. 50 experimentally reported MR backbones, ΔES1T1 shows a positive correlation with LUMO-LUMO+1 energy gap, which further confirms the above finding. Our present theoretical and experimental work thus not only uncovered the origin of small ΔES1T1, but also established the relationship among molecular structure, electron-correlation effect, and excited-state property in MR-TADF emitters. Importantly, we also proposed a novel molecular-design strategy, i.e., reducing energy gap between LUMO and LUMO+1 by weakening inter-moiety orbital π-conjugation, for efficient MR-TADF molecules
Disseminating for Impact: Developing a translational dissemination curriculum for the clinical and translational research workforce
Authors: Keim-Malpass Jessica , Phillips Jennifer , Johnston Karen C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

There has been an increased focus on the practices associated with dissemination for the translation of clinical research to practice and ultimately, policy. Simultaneously, there has been attention placed on the role of the clinical research workforce in supporting optimal dissemination efforts for impact and societal benefit. Curriculums focused on education opportunities for dissemination for translational scientists have been under-reported. The Translational Science Benefits Model (TSBM) is a framework that has been developed to support assessment of clinical and translational research outcomes that measure impact (both in the clinical and community setting) beyond traditional citations in academic journals/bibliometric activities. The TSBM framework outlines more than 30 different facets of impact such as products, economic activities, system characteristics, and policy impacts and can provide a basis for operationalizing broad impacts of research for translational and clinical scientists. Engagement science offers methods and modalities to work with individual stakeholders, and collaborators in a team science model, and engagement with external scholars and society. This article will describe the use of the TSBM framework and engagement science strategies to develop a translational dissemination framework with novel components for evaluation of dissemination and implementation activities. We propose using the translational dissemination framework to guide the development of an educational curriculum for the clinical research workforce. We outline the educational domains and proposed evaluation criteria essential in implementing this innovative translational dissemination educational content for the clinical and translational research workforce.
On the calculation of the pressure drag coefficient of a flat plate using the law of conservation of energy
Authors: Kozynchenko Alexander , Kozynchenko Sergey 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The article concerns the development of a new physical model for calculating the pressure resistance of a normal-oriented thin flat plate moving in incompressible fluid. The proposed “displacement-inflow” model uses the minimum number of assumptions of fundamental nature (the law of conservation of energy, the continuity condition, no viscosity). The main idea consists in calculating the increment of kinetic energy by fluid particles both before and after the plate at each discrete step of motion. The proposed approach made it possible to estimate the contribution of the front and back surfaces of the plate to the total pressure resistance of the plate separately. Thus, the pressure drag coefficient of the front side is equal to 1.0, of the back side – 0.33 for linear approximation of the velocity profile (0.20 for the quadratic approximation), so the total drag coefficient is 1.33 (or 1.20), which is very close to the reported experimental data. The obtained partial resistance coefficients for each surface of the plate allow us to use them for calculating the resistance forces and moments acting on a vessel hull. An example of such a calculation is given.