bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geometric variation of the human tibia-fibula: a public dataset of tibia-fibula surface meshes and statistical shape model
Authors: Keast Meghan , Bonacci Jason , Fox Aaron 
Published: February 2023

Background
Variation in tibia geometry is a risk factor for tibial stress fractures. Geometric variability in bones is often quantified using statistical shape modelling. Statistical shape models (SSM) offer a method to assess three-dimensional variation of structures and identify the source of variation. Although SSM have been used widely to assess long bones, there is limited open-source datasets of this kind. Overall, the creation of SSM can be an expensive process, that requires advanced skills. A publicly available tibia shape model would be beneficial as it enables researchers to improve skills. Further, it could benefit health, sport and medicine with the potential to assess geometries suitable for medical equipment, and aid in clinical diagnosis. This study aimed to: (i) quantify tibial geometry using a SSM; and (ii) provide the SSM and associated code as an open-source dataset.

Methods
Lower limb computed tomography (CT) scans from the right tibia-fibula of 30 cadavers (male n = 20, female n = 10) were obtained from the New Mexico Decedent Image Database. Tibias were segmented and reconstructed into both cortical and trabecular sections. Fibulas were segmented as a singular surface. The segmented bones were used to develop three SSM of the: (i) tibia; (ii) tibia-fibula; and (iii) cortical-trabecular. Principal component analysis was applied to obtain the three SSM, with the principal components that explained 95% of geometric variation retained.

Results
Overall size was the main source of variation in all three models accounting for 90.31%, 84.24% and 85.06%. Other sources of geometric variation in the tibia surface models included overall and midshaft thickness; prominence and size of the condyle plateau, tibial tuberosity, and anterior crest; and axial torsion of the tibial shaft. Further variations in the tibia-fibula model included midshaft thickness of the fibula; fibula head position relative to the tibia; tibia and fibula anterior-posterior curvature; fibula posterior curvature; tibia plateau rotation; and interosseous width. The main sources of variation in the cortical-trabecular model other than general size included variation in the medulla cavity diameter; cortical thickness; anterior-posterior shaft curvature; and the volume of trabecular bone in the proximal and distal ends of the bone.

Conclusion
Variations that could increase the risk of tibial stress injury were observed, these included general tibial thickness, midshaft thickness, tibial length and medulla cavity diameter (indicative of cortical thickness). Further research is needed to better understand the effect of these tibial-fibula shape characteristics on tibial stress and injury risk. This SSM, the associated code, and three use examples for the SSM have been provided in an open-source dataset. The developed tibial surface models and statistical shape model will be made available for use at: https://simtk.org/projects/ssm_tibia.
A logística humanitária no gerenciamento de desastres naturais: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) orientada ao COVID-19
Authors: Dos Santos Maria Luani Pereira , Lopes Harlenn dos Santos 
Published: February 2023

Desastres são cada vez mais frequentes ao redor do mundo e geram perdas materiais e humanas incontáveis, demonstrando a vulnerabilidade da população mundial ao lhe dar com desastres, sejam eles naturais ou causados pelo homem. Ter um bom gerenciamento das operações logísticas e da cadeia de suprimentos após a ocorrência de um desastre é um ponto importante para garantir uma operação eficaz na logística humanitária. A partir do final de 2019, um desastre natural começou a chamar atenção do mundo todo: uma doença que é conhecida como novo Coronavírus (COVID-19 / SARS-CoV-2) que está gerando grandes perdas, tanto materiais quanto imateriais, aos seres humanos. Portanto, é importante verificar e analisar como a logística humanitária pode auxiliar em casos de desastres como este. Mediante a isso, este trabalho aplica a revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL) para desenvolver uma abordagem conceitual, como também apresentar o conceito e a aplicação Logística Humanitária (LH) e Cadeia de Suprimentos Humanitária (CSH) no gerenciamento de desastres naturais mais especificamente orientada a desastres biológicos, com foco no novo Coronavirus. Os resultados apontam que há muitos estudos relacionados a revisões bibliográficas da LH e da CSH e que há uma carência de trabalhos correlacionando COVID-19 a LH e/ou a CSH como forma de auxiliar no combate dos danos que essa doença está causando na vida dos seres humanos. Ao se entender como aplicar a LH e o gerenciamento da CSH aos desastres naturais pode-se tentar aliviar o sofrimento das vítimas.
Population Studies of Pecari tajacu Collared Peccary (Artiodactyla:Tayassuidae) in Tzucacab, Yucatán, México
Authors: Rubén Montes-Pérez , Gualberto Pacheco-Sierra , Ermilo López-Cobá , Christian May-Cruz 
Published: February 2023

Aims: To estimate the population density of Pecari tajacu, determine the distribution pattern of this population in the sampling sites, determine habitat preference and evaluate the sustainability of the harvest in the three-year period.
Study Design: Population study of collared peccaries in the wild, descriptive, and vertical in the municipality of Tzucacab, Yucatan, Mexico, during the years 2003-2004, 2007-2008 and 2008-2009.
Methodology: Seven linear transects of 5 km each were installed randomly in the municipality in 2003-2004 and 18 in each year from 2007 to 2009. The population estimate was made by direct sighting and counting of footprints in the same transects. The comparison of densities with the footprints’ counting method was by analysis of variance and t-student for samples paired with the sighting method. The distribution pattern was analyzed by the standardized Morisita index; habitat preference was analyzed by Bonferroni intervals and the harvest model was applied to evaluate sustainability.
Results: Population densities decreased significantly (P < 0.01) by the footprints´ counting method from 2003-04 to 2007-09, from 1.16 to 0.26 animals/km2 respectively, with the sighting method was 1.87 and 1.78 animals/km2, the years 2003-04 and 2007-08 respectively, without significant difference (P = 0.05); In 2008-09 there was only one record. Local populations are distributed by clusters and prefer the acahual habitat between 2008-09. The sighting records and footprints are distributed mainly in the limits of the municipality of Tzucacab with the surroundings and the state of Quintana Roo. Harvest indices are within sustainability values but show a tendency to increase as the years progress.
Conclusion: Local populations of collared peccaries show vulnerability, if the trend of the harvest index increases progressively.
Risk Matrix as a Tool for Risk Analysis for Work-Related Hazard in Offshore Installation in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Oyamienlen Oseibhi , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Patricks Chinemerem 
Published: February 2023

This study aims to investigate the likelihood of hazard occurrence, the frequency level, the level of severity, and the consequences of work-related hazards in Offshore Installations. This study was a cross-sectional design assessment and the instrument used for this study was a well-structured questionnaire on Analysis of Work-related Accidents which was sent to e-mails of oil and gas workers. The reliability of the instrument was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Data analyses were carried out using descriptive statistics, Risk Matrix, and Fault tree analysis. The 4 by 4 risk assessment matrix for the likelihood and consequences showed that 12 of the hazard were categorized as having high risk and Wind/Strong current was classified as extreme risk, However, 5 of the identified hazards, H5, H6, H7, H8 & H10 are risks that can be easily controlled to prevent an incident from occurring. All the offshore risks identified were either rated as high or extreme, which indicated that offshore hazards have severe consequences for the People, Environment, Asset and Reputation of the company. Therefore, high safety measures must be put in place to control these risks.
Accuracy of Gallium-68 Pentixafor Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography for Subtyping Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Hu Jinbo , Xu Tingting , Shen Hang , Song Ying , Yang Jun , Zhang Aipin , Ding Haoyuan , Xing Naiguo , Li Zhuoyuan , Qiu Lin , Ma Linqiang , Yang Yi , Feng Zhengping , Du Zhipeng , He Wenwen , Sun Yue , Cai Jun , Li Qifu , Chen Yue , Yang Shumin ,   Chongqing Primary Aldosteronism Study (CONPASS) Group, Mei Mei , Luo Suxin , Liao Kangla , Zhang Yao , He Yunfeng , He Yihong , Peng Bin , Xiao Ming 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceAdrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the recommended procedure for subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA) as unilateral PA (UPA) or bilateral PA (BPA), with different treatment needed for each: adrenalectomy for UPA and medication for BPA. However, AVS is invasive and technically difficult, and how to subtype PA noninvasively is currently a great challenge.ObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of gallium-68 pentixafor positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) in subtyping PA using AVS as a reference standard.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis diagnostic study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China among patients diagnosed with PA. Enrollment was started in November 2021, with follow-up ending in May 2022.Exposures: Patients were recruited to undergo gallium-68 pentixafor PET-CT and AVS.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMaximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of each adrenal gland during PET-CT was measured to calculate the lateralization index of SUVmax. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), specificity, and sensitivity were used to analyze the accuracy of the lateralization index based on SUVmax for subtyping PA.ResultsAmong 100 patients with PA who completed the study (47 female [47.0%] and 53 male [53.0%]; median [IQR] age, 49 [38-56] years), 43 individuals had UPA and 57 individuals had BPA. Aldosterone-cortisol ratio (Spearman ρ = 0.26; P &amp;lt; .001) in adrenal veins was positively correlated with SUVmax of adrenal glands at 10 minutes during PET-CT. Using lateralization index based on SUVmax at 10 minutes to identify UPA, the AUROC was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83-0.97). A cutoff value for lateralization index based on SUVmax at 10 minutes set at 1.65 conferred a specificity of 1.00 (95% CI, 0.94-1.00) and sensitivity of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.61-0.88). The diagnostic concordance rate of PET-CT and AVS was 90 patients (90.0%) compared with 54 patients (54.0%) between traditional CT and AVS.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found good diagnostic accuracy of gallium-68 pentixafor PET-CT in differentiating UPA from BPA. These findings suggest that gallium-68 pentixafor PET-CT may be used to avoid invasive AVS in some patients with PA.
Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality Among Immigrant and Canadian-Born Women Residing Within Low-Income Neighborhoods in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Jairam Jennifer A. , Vigod Simone N. , Siddiqi Arjumand , Guan Jun , Boblitz Alexa , Wang Xuesong , O’Campo Patricia , Ray Joel G. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceEvidence indicates that immigrant women and women residing within low-income neighborhoods experience higher adversity during pregnancy. Little is known about the comparative risk of severe maternal morbidity or mortality (SMM-M) among immigrant vs nonimmigrant women living in low-income areas.ObjectiveTo compare the risk of SMM-M between immigrant and nonimmigrant women residing exclusively within low-income neighborhoods in Ontario, Canada.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study used administrative data for Ontario, Canada, from April 1, 2002, to December 31, 2019. Included were all 414 337 hospital-based singleton live births and stillbirths occurring between 20 and 42 weeks’ gestation, solely among women residing in an urban neighborhood of the lowest income quintile; all women were receiving universal health care insurance. Statistical analysis was performed from December 2021 to March 2022.ExposuresNonrefugee immigrant status vs nonimmigrant status.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome, SMM-M, was a composite outcome of potentially life-threatening complications or mortality occurring within 42 days of the index birth hospitalization. A secondary outcome was SMM severity, approximated by the number of SMM indicators (0, 1, 2 or ≥3 indicators). Relative risks (RRs), absolute risk differences (ARDs), and odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for maternal age and parity.ResultsThe cohort included 148 085 births to immigrant women (mean [SD] age at index birth, 30.6 [5.2] years) and 266 252 births to nonimmigrant women (mean [SD] age at index birth, 27.9 [5.9] years). Most immigrant women originated from South Asia (52 447 [35.4%]) and the East Asia and Pacific (35 280 [23.8%]) regions. The most frequent SMM indicators were postpartum hemorrhage with red blood cell transfusion, intensive care unit admission, and puerperal sepsis. The rate of SMM-M was lower among immigrant women (2459 of 148 085 [16.6 per 1000 births]) than nonimmigrant women (4563 of 266 252 [17.1 per 1000 births]), equivalent to an adjusted RR of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88-0.97) and an adjusted ARD of −1.5 per 1000 births (95% CI, −2.3 to −0.7). Comparing immigrant vs nonimmigrant women, the adjusted OR of having 1 SMM indicator was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.87-0.98), the adjusted OR of having 2 indicators was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.76-0.98), and the adjusted OR of having 3 or more indicators was 1.02 (95% CI, 0.87-1.19).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study suggests that, among universally insured women residing in low-income urban areas, immigrant women have a slightly lower associated risk of SMM-M than their nonimmigrant counterparts. Efforts aimed at improving pregnancy care should focus on all women residing in low-income neighborhoods.
Pressure Driven Alkane Dehydrogenation by Palladium Metal
Authors: Frost Mungo , McBride Emma E. , Smith Dean , Smith Jesse S. , Glenzer Siegfried H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDehydrogenation of alkanes is of increasing importance in fulfilling global demand for olefins and offers a potential source of carbon‐neutral hydrogen as a co‐product. Currently commercial dehydrogenation processes occur at high‐temperatures (500–900 °C) which is energy intensive and results in side reactions and rapid coking of the catalysts. In addition, the hydrogen produced is often burned to maintain temperature and to inhibit the back reaction. Here, pressure is utilized as a parameter to enable novel chemical catalytic processes, and ambient‐temperature dehydrogenation of alkanes by palladium is observed at 50–100 MPa, with both hydrogen gas and olefins recovered on decompression. This reaction follows a fundamentally different path to current commercial high‐temperature low‐pressure dehydrogenation processes with the palladium catalyst reversibly forming a hydride intermediate.
Contact Geometry and Pathway Determined Carriers Transport through Microscale Perovskite Crystals
Authors: Zhao Zhibin , Li Yuelong , Ni Lifa , Nam Jongwoo , Adijiang Adila , Zhang Xubin , Li Shanshan , Wang Mingwei , Lee Takhee , Xiang Dong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the miniaturization of crystals‐based photoelectric devices, electrode contact‐geometries may play a critical role in determining the device performance. However, investigation of the role of electrode contact geometries in situ faces great challenges due to the electrode contact geometry is typically unmodifiable. To this end, a kind of liquid metal is employed as an adaptive‐deformable electrode to study the carrier transport through perovskite microcrystals, in which the electrode contacts geometries/positions and thus the carrier‐pathways can be adjusted. Under light illumination, a spike feature of photocurrent is observed when carriers transport along the perovskite microcrystal surface upon an edge‐contact geometry, which is absent as the carrier mainly transport through crystal interior upon a top‐contact geometry. Switching, rectifying, and memristor functions are selectively realized just by modifying the contact geometry. The underlying mechanism for the observations is further elucidated. This study provides a platform for studying carrier transport through microscale crystals with adjustable contact geometry and supplies an approach for fabricating diverse functional devices by changing the electrode contact‐geometries.
Emerging Trends in 2D Flexible Electronics
Authors: Aftab Sikandar , Hegazy Hosameldin Helmy , Kabir Fahmid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPotential for integrated flexible electronics has been shown for 2D materials with atomically thin layers and dangling‐bond‐free surfaces. Strain engineering is a fascinating technique for tuning or controlling the electronic and optical properties of 2D materials. In the review article, an effort to condense the most recent and promising approaches that can be used to create flexible nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices in the future and expand their range of useful applications is made. In order to investigate their electrical behavior, the majority of the devices are created using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or mechanical exfoliation of ultrathin 2D TMD materials. This makes it possible to develop flexible piezo‐phototronic photodetectors, self‐powered sensors, and wearable and implantable devices with higher strain tolerance. On the basis of 2D TMDs materials, a comparison of the performance and characteristics of 2D flexible electronic devices is also carried out. In order to advance the development of wearable and implantable electronics with greater strain tolerance for health monitoring and usher in a new era of flexible technologies, this overview of recent research on 2D flexible electronics based on nanomaterials is intended to aid in the advancement of the field. Finally, it summarizes the current challenges and opportunities.
Explainable Deep Hypergraph Learning Modeling the Peptide Secondary Structure Prediction
Authors: Jiang Yi , Wang Ruheng , Feng Jiuxin , Jin Junru , Liang Sirui , Li Zhongshen , Yu Yingying , Ma Anjun , Su Ran , Zou Quan , Ma Qin , Wei Leyi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccurately predicting peptide secondary structures remains a challenging task due to the lack of discriminative information in short peptides. In this study, PHAT is proposed, a deep hypergraph learning framework for the prediction of peptide secondary structures and the exploration of downstream tasks. The framework includes a novel interpretable deep hypergraph multi‐head attention network that uses residue‐based reasoning for structure prediction. The algorithm can incorporate sequential semantic information from large‐scale biological corpus and structural semantic information from multi‐scale structural segmentation, leading to better accuracy and interpretability even with extremely short peptides. The interpretable models are able to highlight the reasoning of structural feature representations and the classification of secondary substructures. The importance of secondary structures in peptide tertiary structure reconstruction and downstream functional analysis is further demonstrated, highlighting the versatility of our models. To facilitate the use of the model, an online server is established which is accessible via http://inner.wei‐group.net/PHAT/. The work is expected to assist in the design of functional peptides and contribute to the advancement of structural biology research.
From Chitosan to Chitin: Bio‐Inspired Thin Films for Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling
Authors: Lauster Tobias , Mauel Anika , Herrmann Kai , Veitengruber Viktoria , Song Qimeng , Senker Jürgen , Retsch Markus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPassive radiative daytime cooling is an emerging technology contributing to carbon‐neutral heat management. Optically engineered materials with distinct absorption and emission properties in the solar and mid‐infrared range are at the heart of this technology. Owing to their low emissive power of about 100 W m−2 during daytime, substantial areas need to be covered with passive cooling materials or coatings to achieve a sizeable effect on global warming. Consequently, biocompatible materials are urgently needed to develop suitable coatings with no adverse environmental impact. It is shown how chitosan films with different thicknesses can be produced from slightly acidic aqueous solutions. The conversion to their insoluble form chitin in the solid state is demonstrated and the conversion is monitored with infrared (IR) and NMR spectroscopy. In combination with a reflective backing material, the films show below‐ambient temperature cooling capabilities with a suitable emissivity in the mid‐IR region and low solar absorption of 3.1–6.9%, depending on the film thickness. This work highlights the potential of chitosan and chitin as widely available biocompatible polymers for passive radiative cooling applications.
Silkworm Hemolymph Resistance Random Access Memory with High Stability and Low Power Consumption
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhu Hongyu , Zuo Ze , Wen Dianzhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMost current resistive memory has the problems of high and unstable threshold voltages and high device misread rates caused by low current switching ratios. To address these problems, an Al/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/silkworm hemolymph:gold nanoparticles/PMMA/indium tin oxide memory device is fabricated by adding PMMA layers above and below the active layer. The device not only has stable bipolar switching characteristics with a high ON/OFF current ratio but also has a lower and more stable threshold voltage. Potentiation, depression, and spike‐time‐dependent plasticity at biological synapses are realized using this device. The device is successfully fabricated on a flexible substrate, and the device can still maintain a stable working state after 104 bending cycles. This research opens a new door for the future realization of artificial synapses in neural network hardware.