bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invisible Crimes: Accountability for Crimes against Migrants in Libya
Authors: Raimondo Giulia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The systematic lack of accountability for migrant rights violations occurring in the context of migration control and other deterrence measures has been contested in theory and practice. While the scholarship has explored various accountability venues above and beyond international refugee law and within specialised regimes, new litigation strategies have accountability across multiple judicial and quasi-judicial fora at national and international levels. Against the background of this multilevel litigation strategy, international criminal law has emerged as a new site for accountability for violence against migrants at the borders of Europe. Starting from the Libyan case study, this article will examine the potential of international criminal law in the struggle for accountability for migrant rights violations. It will discuss whether and how qualifying migrant rights violations as crimes against humanity can illuminate certain aspects of violence against migrants at the borders of Europe while concretely challenging and addressing contemporary contactless forms of migration deterrence.
Warum sich doch sinnvoll über Geschmack streiten lässt
Authors: Dammel Aline 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
When we use so-called predicates of personal taste to talk about an object, we express our subjective experience of the object. There is no objective truth about whether a given thing is, say, funny. I shall argue that it can make sense to argue about matters of taste anyway because (a) there are good reasons to want to change our interlocutor’s relevant experience, and (b) disputes about taste can bring about such a change. These reasons can be moral or political. My argument serves to connect debates in the philosophy of language, social epistemology, and ideology theory in illuminating ways.
A New Study on Two Yellow Coffins at the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli (MANN)
Authors: Mainieri Stefania 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article focuses on the results obtained from the investigation of two yellow coffins in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli (MANN; inv. nos. 2344, 2348; 2341, 2347), which were sold to the Real Museo Borbonico by the traveller Giuseppe Picchianti in 1827.
Although first studied in 1989, a new and in-depth study on painting and typology of these objects was made in 2016 on the occasion of the rearrangement of the per- manent display. Starting with a detailed analysis and a precise description of the coffins, issues surrounding their provenance and chronology have now been updated. Furthermore, it was also necessary to investigate some unclear iconographical and structural details on the coffins, an examination that suggested, on the one hand an ancient reuse of one of the two coffins and, on the other hand, the possible production of both coffins by a possible common draftsman.
A Treasure of Lustrewares from Ghazni (Afghanistan, Mid-12th–Early 13th Century)
Authors: Fusaro Agnese , Allegranzi Viola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In 1957, eight intact and well-preserved lustre-painted ceramics were found in a cache during the excavation of a private residence at Ghazni by the Italian Archaeological Mission in Afghanistan. The lustre-painted stonepaste specimens were retrieved from a sealed archaeological context. They were certainly imported from Iran between the mid-12th and the early 13th century and therefore constitute an exceptional example of a collection of lustrewares assembled shortly after their production date. However, the vessels remain understudied and got lost during the second half of the 20th century, as it happened to many other finds from the same site. For the first time, the present paper offers a thorough analysis of this lot, its stylistic and epigraphic features, based on the graphic and photographic documentation dating from the time of the excavation and on extensive comparisons with specimens kept in international collections.
On the Dissemination of Buddhist Tantras in Tibet. A Historical Introduction
Authors: Orofino Giacomella 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study outlines the phases of dissemination and development of the Buddhist tantras in Tibet. Analysing the earliest imperial catalogues, we trace, among the Buddhist scriptures that were translated from Sanskrit and Chinese into Tibetan, the first tantric texts that spread to Tibet. We then examine the doxographies and the classifications of the various categories of tantras conceived by Tibetan scholars over time, which converged in the process of formation and compilation of the different Tibetan canons of the “New” and of the “Ancient” schools. The gter ma phenomenon is analysed, considering it the way in which tantric Buddhist doctrines have been redefined over time, to adapt to various historical changes. Finally we take into consideration the creation of the Bon tantric literature, its classification and organisation in the Bon canon that, despite its development outside the mainstream schools, played an important role in the religious history of Tibet.
A Verse Citation in Idrīs Bidlīsī’s Hašt Bihišt (Book VI)
Authors: Dehqan Mustafa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Hašt Bihišt (The Eight Paradises) by Idrīs Bidlīsī (1457–1520), a huge compendium of Ottoman history in Persian, constitutes a large collection of Arabic and Persian quotations which has survived in the text. This brief note deals with a single citation which has anonymously mentioned in Hašt Bihišt’s unpublished Book VI.
Trends in Management of Anal Fissures
Authors: khan Saher-Zahra S. , Martin Scott , Doh Chang Yoon , Stein Sharon L. , Steinhagen Emily 
Published: September 2023

Background It is unclear how patients with anal fissures are treated in real-world settings, particularly since patients may not see colorectal surgeons. This study describes trends in treatment with medical therapies (calcium-channel blockers [CCBs], nitroglycerin [NTG], and narcotics) and surgical treatments. Methods Cohorts were created within the TriNetX database platform using codes for anal fissures and surgical interventions. Demographics were compared between patients that received surgical intervention within 1 year of diagnosis, CCB or NTG within 1 year (or preoperatively), or narcotics within 30 days or postoperatively vs those who did not. Results 121,213 patients were included of which 4.0% had surgical intervention. Factors associated with surgical intervention were male sex (OR 1.40), White race (OR 1.17), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 1.11). Male patients were more likely to undergo sphincterotomy (OR 1.49). Female (OR 1.27), non-Hispanic (OR 1.34), and White patients (OR 1.41) were more likely to have chemodenervation. Regarding nonoperatively managed patients, non-Hispanic (OR .91) and White patients (OR .89) were less likely to receive CCB/NTG. Male (OR 1.21), non-Hispanic (OR 1.08), and Black patients (OR 1.20) were more likely to receive narcotics. Male patients that required surgery were more likely to be prescribed CCB/NTG preoperatively (OR 1.27). Non-Hispanic surgical patients were more likely to receive narcotics (OR 1.84). Discussion Male fissure patients were more likely to undergo surgical intervention other than chemodenervation. Differences in the rates of surgery and medical therapy (especially narcotics) between races and ethnicities require exploration to enhance the care of patients with anal fissures.
Comparing perioperative outcomes following off-pump multi-vessel minimally invasive via a single left intercostal space incision with median sternotomy coronary artery bypass grafting: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Guohui , Zhang Hongjia , Chi Liqun , You Bin , Bo Ping , Sun Guanglong 
Published: September 2023

Background The perioperative outcomes following off-pump multi-vessel minimally invasive surgery (MICS) coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) via a single left intercostal space incision has not been well evaluated. Method From July 2019 to January 2022, a total of 444 patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled and divided into MICS ( n = 179) and sternotomy CABG ( n = 265). Perioperative outcomes were compared between these two groups, including intraoperative blood loss, postoperative first 24 h drainage, ventilation duration, length of stay (LOS) in ICU and total LOS in hospital. Intraoperative blood flow of graft vessels were measured by transit-time flow measurement after vascular anastomosis and mean flow (MF) and pulsatile index (PI) were compared. Results There were no significant differences in preoperative profiles between these two groups except younger and lower proportion of female in MICS. No significant difference in the number of graft vessels was observed between MICS (3.18 ± 0.74) and sternotomy CABG (3.28 ± 0.86). Compared to sternotomy CABG, patients with MICS showed longer operation duration [(4.33 ± 0.86) h versus (5.10 ± 1.09) h], fewer intraoperative blood loss [700 (600, 900) mL versus 500 (200, 700) mL], fewer postoperative first 24 h drainage [400 (250, 500) mL versus 300 (200, 400) mL], shorter postoperative ventilation duration [16.5 (12.5, 19.0) h versus 15.0 (12.0, 17.0) h], LOS in ICU [20.0 (16.0, 23.0) h versus 18.0 (15.0, 20.0) h] and total LOS in hospital [(14.5 ± 3.9) d versus (12.6 ± 2.7) d] (all p < .001). MI and PI of graft vessels were similar and no significant differences in major perioperative complications and mortality were observed between MICS and sternotomy CABG (all p > .05). Conclusion Off-pump multi-vessel MICS may be an alternative treatment for patients with multi-vessel CAD with better perioperative outcomes than sternotomy CABG.
Recycled Ti6Al4V alloy powder reinforced polyurethane core based sandwich structures: Mechanical and modal properties
Authors: Aydın Onur Ahmet , Acar Volkan , Aydın Muhammet Raci , Hülagü Burak , Khan Tayyab , Ünal Hasan Yavuz , Teke Erdoğan , Seydibeyoğlu Mehmet Özgür , Akbulut Hamit 
Published: September 2023

In this study, recycled Ti6Al4V alloy powder was utilized as a reinforcement to enhance the mechanical and modal properties of polyurethane foam (PUF) core-based sandwich composites. Sandwich composite having carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite face sheets and Ti6Al4V powder-reinforced PUF cores were manufactured. The PUF cores were reinforced with two different variants of Ti6Al4V powder based on particle sizes from 1 to 3 wt.%. The dispersion quality was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A detailed experimental modal analysis was conducted to evaluate the modal properties in terms of the natural frequencies and damping ratios of the sandwich specimens. A comprehensive mechanical study was also conducted in terms of compression, buckling, flexural, and impact tests according to the relative ASTM standards. The experimental results demonstrated that the Ti6Al4V reinforced sandwich specimens exhibited superior mechanical and modal properties with enhanced PUF cores. Improvements in excess of 21%, 37%, and 24% were recorded in the compression, buckling, and flexural response of the reinforced specimens, respectively, compared to those of their neat counterparts. Similarly, remarkable improvements were also observed in the experimental modal and impact properties of the Ti6Al4V alloy powder-reinforced sandwich composites.
Graph Theoretical Measures for Alzheimer’s, MCI, and Normal Controls: A Comparative Study Using MRI Data
Authors: Sharma Rakhi , Joshi Shiv Dutt 
Published: September 2023

Background The Graph theory provides the platform that could be used to model complex brain networks mathematically, and it could play a significant role in the diagnosis of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Purpose The main aim of our study is to perform a comparative analysis in terms of various graph theoretic measures of structural brain networks. In particular, the paper evaluates graph theoretical measures by first forming graphs using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Method In this paper, we study and evaluate graph theoretical measures using MRI data, namely characteristic path length, global efficiency, strength, and clustering coefficient, in a cohort of normal controls ( N = 30), a cohort of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) ( N = 30), and a cohort of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ( N = 30). In our work, MRI data is preprocessed and cortical thickness is extracted for each brain region. The connectivity matrix is obtained, and thus a graph is formed. We have also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the ROC analyses of all graph theoretical measures to better elucidate and validate the results. Results It is observed that these measures may be used to differentiate Alzheimer’s from normal. In our study, we observed that a very random and disrupted network is obtained in the case of Alzheimer’s in comparison with the normal and MCI cases. The other observations in terms of graph theoretic measures are an increase in characteristic path length, a decrease in global efficiency, a decrease in strength, and a reduction in values of the clustering coefficient in the case of Alzheimer’s. Conclusion The findings suggest that graph theoretical measures and alterations in network topology could be used as quantitative biomarkers of AD.
Prevalence and Predictors of Peroneal Tendon Instability Accompanying Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Vosoughi Amir Reza , Afaridi Ehsan , Solooki Saeed , Shayan Zahra , Rammelt Stefan 
Published: September 2023

Background: We aimed to find the prevalence of peroneal tendon instability (PTI) accompanying different types of calcaneal fractures and to determine predictors of PTI based on preoperative CT scanning. Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, preoperative CT scans of 400 consecutive calcaneal fractures undergoing surgery were reviewed for comminuted fragments in the lateral gutter of the ankle, fractures at the tip of the lateral malleolus, dislocated peroneal tendons, excessive displacement of the lateral calcaneal wall, calcaneal fracture-dislocation, superior peroneal retinaculum (SPR) avulsion fracture (fleck sign), and shape of the retromalleolar groove. The correlation of these variables with intraoperative SPR stress test, defined as the diagnostic criteria for PTI in calcaneal fractures, was evaluated. Results: In total, 369 patients (mean age, 39 ± 13; range, 11-72 years), with 321 (87.0%) of them male, were included. Among all calcaneal fractures, 67 cases (16.7%) had associated PTI as confirmed intraoperatively by an SPR stress test. A statistically significant association was found between PTI in calcaneal fractures and comminuted fragments in the lateral gutter of the ankle ( P = .03), dislocated peroneal tendons ( P < .001), calcaneal fracture-dislocation ( P < .001), SPR avulsion fracture ( P < .001), and Sanders type IV of calcaneal fracture ( P = .02). There was no statistically significant relationship between PTI and the mechanism of injury ( P = .98), side of fracture ( P = .30), uni- or bilateral calcaneal fractures ( P = .27), a fracture at the tip of lateral malleolus ( P = .69), shape of the retromalleolar groove ( P = .78), or excessive displacement of the lateral calcaneal wall ( P = .06). The most specific CT finding to predict PTI accompanying calcaneal fractures was calcaneal fracture-dislocation (99.1%). Conclusion: Following calcaneal fracture fixation, PTI was confirmed with intraoperative SPR stress test in one-sixth of cases. With the exception of calcaneal fracture-dislocation, preoperative findings on CT scanning and calcaneal fracture pathoanatomy are insufficient to diagnose PTI accompanying calcaneal fractures. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case control study.
Effects of Teacher Training and Continued Support on the Delivery of an Evidence-Based HIV Prevention Program: Findings From a National Implementation Study in the Bahamas
Authors: Wang Bo , Deveaux Lynette , Guo Yan , Schieber Elizabeth , Adderley Richard , Lemon Stephenie , Allison Jeroan , Li Xiaoming , Forbes Nikkiah , Naar Sylvie 
Published: September 2023

Background Few studies have investigated the effects of teacher training and continued support on teachers’ delivery of evidence-based HIV prevention programs. We examined these factors in a national implementation study of an evidence-based HIV risk reduction intervention for adolescents in the sixth grade in the Bahamas. Methods Data were collected from 126 grade 6 teachers and 3,118 students in 58 government elementary schools in the Bahamas in 2019–2021. This is a Hybrid Type III implementation study guided by the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) model. Teachers attended 2-day training workshops. Trained school coordinators and peer mentors provided biweekly monitoring and mentorship. We used mixed-effects models to assess the effects of teacher training and continued support on implementation fidelity. Results Teachers who received training in-person or both in-person and online taught the most core activities (27.0 and 27.2 of 35), versus only online training (21.9) and no training (14.9) ( F = 15.27, p < .001). Teachers with an “excellent” or “very good” school coordinator taught more core activities than those with a “satisfactory” coordinator or no coordinator (29.2 vs. 27.8 vs. 19.3 vs. 14.8, F = 29.20, p < .001). Teachers with a “very good” mentor taught more core activities and sessions than those with a “satisfactory” mentor or no mentor (30.4 vs. 25.0 vs. 23.1; F = 7.20; p < .01). Teacher training, implementation monitoring, peer mentoring, teachers’ self-efficacy, and school-level support were associated with implementation fidelity, which in turn was associated with improved student outcomes (HIV/AIDS knowledge, preventive reproductive health skills, self-efficacy, and intention to use protection). Conclusion Teachers receiving in-person training and those having higher-rated school coordinator and mentor support taught a larger number of HIV prevention core activities. Effective teacher training, implementation monitoring, and peer mentoring are critical for improving implementation fidelity and student outcomes.
Tracking global English changes through local data: Intensifiers in German Learner English
Authors: Davydova Julia 
Published: September 2023

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The empirical goal of the paper is to document the linguistic distribution and patterning as well as the sociolinguistic conditioning of intensifiers in English spoken by educated young adults from Germany. Here, I also seek to understand how the empirical data presented here informs our understanding of the mechanisms underlying language change in those forms of English that emerge through the combined impact of naturalistic L2 acquisition and instructed foreign language learning (henceforth, EFL or Learner English). Design/methodology/approach: The study reports intensification data from 53 advanced learners of English from Germany and compares it with that reported for L1 English vernaculars. The data were elicited with the help of sociolinguistic interviews tapping into learners’ natural linguistic behaviour. The processes of language change are explored against the backdrop of grammaticalisation theory, as espoused by variationist sociolinguists. Data and analysis: The study employs two methods of analysis: distributional percentages and fixed-effects logistic regression analyses. These allow pinpoint rates and patterns of intensification as well as its language-internal and language-external conditioning. Findings/conclusions: Systematic comparisons of language-internal conditioning underlying the occurrence of linguistic variants pinpoint ‘functional specialisation’ (also ‘entrenchment’) as a driving mechanism of and a potent constraint on language change. Originality: While demonstrating how functional specialisation is operative in the system of German Learner English intensification, the present study highlights the relevance of EFL data to empirical testing and advancement of (socio-)linguistic theory. The study also highlights the relevance of learners’ linguistic identity and the sociopsychological construct of ‘relatedness’ in the adoption of the globally available features of the English language. Significance/implications: The study pleads for more research at the intersection of historical/general linguistics and SLA as such an approach adds to knowledge about language acquisition, language variation and, ultimately, language change.
Influence of Instagram fan pages on intention to revisit and recommend in beach tourism settings: The mediating effect of positive attitude
Authors: Ibrahim Blend 
Published: September 2023

The literature on social media marketing (SMM) elucidates how SMM can improve consumer behavior within the tourism industry. However, the lack of empirical examination of the mediating role of behavior attitude is still evident in leisure literature. This study investigated the relative impact of fan page following of beaches on the intention to recommend and revisit by considering the mediation role of positive attitude in these relationships. A convenience sample method was employed to collect data from young customers (18–24 years old). The data was collected from 363 respondents, and structural equation modeling was conducted to test the conceptual model hypotheses. The results reveal that fan page following positively predict positive attitudes and intention to recommend and revisit. Moreover, the results also confirm that a positive attitude mediates the relationships between Instagram fan page following and the intention to recommend and revisit. This research developed a theoretical model to understand how Instagram fan page following might enhance intention to recommend and revisit in the beach context by invoking positive attitudes as a mediator variable in the relationship fan page following and behavior intention.
Olea europaea L. Leaf Extract Alleviates Fibrosis Progression and Oxidative Stress Induced by Bleomycin on a Murine Model of Lung Fibrosis
Authors: Bahri Sana , Abidi Anouar , Nahdi Afef , Abdennabi Raed , Mlika Mona , Ben Ali Ridha , Jameleddine Saloua 
Published: September 2023

In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of industrial Olea europaea L. leaf extract (OLE) against bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with a single intratracheal injection of BLM (4 mg/kg) and a daily intraperitoneal injection of OLE (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Results of HPLC and LC-MS analysis revealed a large amount of oleuropein (15.43%/DW) in OLE. BLM induced apparent damage of lung architecture with condensed collagen bundles, increased lipid peroxidation which has been deduced from malondialdehyde (MDA) levels: (.9 ± .13 vs .25 ± .12 nmol/mg protein) and hydroxyproline content (.601 ± .22 vs .154 ± .139 mg/g of lung tissue) and decreased catalase (CAT) (5.93.10−5 ± 4.23.10−5 vs 6.41.10−4 ± 2.33.10−4 μmol/min/mg protein) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (28.73 ± 3.34 vs 50.13 ± 2.1 USOD/min/mg protein) levels compared to the control. OLE treatment (40 mg/kg) stabilized MDA content (.32 ± .15 and .27 ± .13 vs .9 ± .13 nmol/mg protein), normalized SOD (61.27 ± 13.37 vs 28.73 ± 3.34 USOD/min/mg protein), and CAT (5.2.10−4 ±1.8.10−4 vs 5.93.10−5 ± 4.23.10−5 μmol/min/mg protein) activities and counteracted collagen accumulation and hydroxyproline content (.222 ± .07 vs .601 ± .22 mg/g of lung tissue) in the lung parenchyma. Finally, OLE might have a potent protective effect against PF by regulating oxidative parameters and attenuating collagen deposition, due to the existence of large amount of bioactive phenolic molecules.