bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized phase compositions and microwave dielectric properties of low loss Ca2Sn2Al2O9‐based ceramics by M4+ substitution
Authors: Du Kang , Wen Tailai , Zhou Mengdie , Liu Zheyu , Yin Changzhi , Zhu Wei , Zhou Cai , Zhang Bohan , Wang Shengxiang , Lei Wen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe traditional solid‐state reaction method was used to prepare Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 (M = Ti, Zr, and Hf) ceramics. Then, the impact of an M4+ substitution of Sn4+ on the phase transition, crystal structural parameter, and microwave dielectric properties of Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) ceramics were investigated. Ti4+ could not replace the Sn4+ of Ca2Sn2Al2O9 due to its small ionic radius, and the Al‐based second phases of Ca2Sn2−xTixAl2O9 ceramics were confirmed by the X‐ray diffractometer and EDS map scanning results. With the Zr4+ and Hf4+ substitutions of Sn4+, the SnO2 and CaSnO3 second phases of Ca2Sn2Al2O9 ceramic were inhibited, and the Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 (M = Zr and Hf) (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) single‐phase ceramics with orthorhombic structure (Pbcn space group) were obtained. New MO2 (M = Zr and Hf) and CaAl2O4 second phases appeared in the Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 (M = Zr and Hf) (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) ceramics, and their contents increased gradually with the increase in x. The Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 (M = Zr and Hf) (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) ceramics exhibited high Q × f because of their pure phase compositions, and the Q × f of Ca2Sn2Al2O9 ceramic was improved to 77 800 GHz (12.6 GHz) in the Ca2Sn1.9Zr0.1Al2O9 ceramic. The Q × f values of Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 single‐phase ceramics were mainly controlled by rc (Sn/M–O) and rc (Al–O). The τf values of single‐phase Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 ceramics were related to octahedral distortions. The Zr4+ and Hf4+ substitution of Sn4+ optimized the phase compositions and microwave dielectric properties of the Ca2Sn2−xMxAl2O9 ceramics, and the Ca2Sn1.9Zr0.1Al2O9 ceramic sintered at optimal temperature exhibited excellent microwave dielectric properties (εr = 8.67, Q × f = 77 800 GHz at 12.6 GHz and τf = −69.8 ppm/°C).
Autosomal and Z‐linked genetic evaluation for body weight in Mazandaran native chicken using different models for dosage compensation on the Z chromosome
Authors: Kaviani Fereshte , Gholizadeh Mohsen , Hafezian Hasan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to assess the autosomal and sex‐linked genetic inheritance of growth traits and identify the effective dosage compensation on the Z chromosome in Mazandaran native chickens. The data included body weights at hatching (BW0), 8 weeks (BW8) and 12 weeks (BW12) of age, related to the first 21 generations of selection, were collected from Mazandaran native chicken breeding centre. The fixed effects included sex of birds in two classes, hatch in five classes and generation in 21 classes. The inverse of the sex‐linked additive genetic relationship matrix was constructed using nadiv package in R considering different models for dosage compensation on the Z chromosome. The setup inversed matrix was then supplied externally to WOMBAT using the GIN option. Twelve univariate animal models separating participation of autosomal additive genetic, sex‐linked additive genetic and maternal effects (both genetic and permanent environment effects) with considering the five different dosage compensation methods for models with sex‐linked effects were analysed by WOMBAT software. BW0 was not affected by sex‐linked additive genetic effects. For BW8 and BW12 the model which included autosomal, sex‐linked direct additive and maternal effects with no global dosage compensation for the Z chromosome was the most appropriate model. Autosomal heritability estimates were 0.05 ± 0.02, 0.10 ± 0.01 and 0.11 ± 0.01, for BW0, BW8 and BW12, respectively. For BW8 and BW12, sex‐linked heritability estimates were 0.07 and 0.27, respectively. Spearman rank correlation coefficient between autosomal and sex‐linked breeding values were 0.45 and 0.12 for BW8 and BW12, respectively. Spearman rank correlation coefficient between autosomal and sex‐linked breeding values were 0.45 and 0.12 for BW8 and BW12, respectively. The autosomal direct additive genetic correlations between all traits were positive. The estimate of direct sex‐linked additive genetic correlation between BW8 and BW12 was high (0.88). Also, maternal genetic correlations were 0.53, 0.54 and 0.91 between BW0–BW8, BW0–BW12 and BW8–BW12, respectively. Given the importance of Z‐linked genes for BW8 and BW12, it is recommended that Z‐linked effects be separated from autosomal effects in order to increase the accuracy of genetic evaluation of birds for these traits.
Metabarcoding reveals high‐resolution biogeographical and metaphylogeographical patterns through marine barriers
Authors: Antich Adrià , Palacín Creu , Zarcero Jesús , Wangensteen Owen Simon , Turon Xavier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimIt has been predicted that there should be concordance between biogeographical and phylogeographical processes structuring multi‐species regional assemblages. We hypothesise that oceanographic barriers in the marine environment affect concomitantly the distribution and the connectivity of the marine biota, thus producing congruent biogeographical and phylogeographical structures. We also predict that macro‐ and meio‐eukaryotes will be differentially affected by hydrological features.LocationThe Atlanto‐Mediterranean transition along the E Iberian coast marked by the Almeria‐Oran Front (AOF) and the Ibiza Channel hydrological discontinuities.TaxonEukaryotes.MethodsA new analytical framework based in the metabarcoding of community DNA and a hypervariable marker is presented. This framework allows the simultaneous detection of multispecies biogeographical and phylogeographical structures. Shallow hard‐bottom communities were sampled at 12 sites over the littoral zone and community‐DNA metabarcoding was performed using the cytochrome c oxidase I marker. The resulting dataset was analysed at several levels: beta diversity of Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) as surrogate for species, and Exact Sequence Variants as surrogate for haplotypes. We also assessed genetic differentiation within MOTUs (metaphylogeography). Analyses were performed for the combined dataset and separately for macro‐ and meio‐eukaryotes.ResultsBoth hydrological discontinuities had a detectable effect, more marked at all levels for the AOF than for the Ibiza Channel. The MOTU dataset provided more clear‐cut patterns than the ESVs. The metaphylogeographical approach provided the highest resolution in terms of differentiating localities and identifying geographical barriers. The separate analyses of macro‐ and meio‐eukaryotes showed a higher differentiation of the latter, both in terms of beta diversity and genetic differentiation.Main ConclusionsMetabarcoding coupled with metaphylogeography allowed the characterisation of the heterogeneity in community composition and population genetic structure along the Atlanto‐Mediterranean transition, coherent with known hydrological discontinuities. This methodology unlocks a vast amount of information on the geographical distribution of different components of biodiversity for basic and applied research.
Implantation of a leadless pacemaker in young adults
Authors: Strik Marc , Clementy Nicolas , Mondoly Pierre , Eschalier Romain , Ramirez F. Daniel , Racine Hugo‐Pierre , Haïssaguerre Michel , Ritter Philippe , Ploux Sylvain , Bordachar Pierre 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsLeadless pacing has emerged as an alternative to conventional transvenous pacemakers to mitigate the risks of pocket‐ and lead‐related complications but its use remains controversial in young adults mostly because experience in this patient population is limited. We sought to examine the feasibility and safety of implanting leadless single chamber pacemakers in young adults.MethodsThis multicenter, retrospective, observational study sought to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and electrical performance of the Micra VR Transcatheter Pacemaker System (Medtronic) in patients between 18 and 40 years who underwent implantation of a leadless pacemaker for any indication at the university medical centers of Bordeaux, Clermont‐Ferrand, Toulouse, and Tours (France), between 2015 and 2021. The primary safety endpoint was freedom from system‐related or procedure‐related major complications at 6 months. The primary efficacy endpoint was the combination of a low (≤2 V) and stable (increase within 1.5 V) pacing capture threshold at 6 months.ResultsLeadless pacemaker implantation was successful in all 35 patients. At 6 months, safety endpoint was met for 35 (100%) and efficacy endpoint for 34 (97%) patients. During a follow‐up of 26 ± 15 months (range: 6–60 months), Safety endpoint remained 100% and efficacy endpoint was 94%. Leadless pacemaker retrieval was not required in any patient. Approximately one‐third of patients (n = 13, 37%) had >40% ventricular pacing burdens at 1 year, including all 10 patients with a complete AV block but also 3 patients with normal AV conduction during implantation. One patient reported symptoms of pacemaker syndrome which was confirmed using Holter recording and successfully treated using reprogramming.ConclusionIn this observational study, leadless pacemakers demonstrated favorable short‐ and intermediate‐term safety and effectiveness in young adults.
Pan‐Cancer analyses of Necroptosis‐Related genes as a potential target to predict immunotherapeutic outcome
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Wu Jiajun , Ma Wenli , Dong Feilin , Wang Jiafeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNecroptosis is a unique programmed death mechanism of necrotic cells. However, its role and specific mechanism in cancer remain unclear, and a systematic pan‐cancer analysis of necroptosis is yet to be conducted. Thus, we performed a specific pan‐cancer analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype‐Tissue Expression databases to analyse necroptosis expression in terms of cancer prognosis, DNA methylation status, tumour mutative burden, microsatellite instability, immune cell infiltration in different types of cancer and molecular mechanisms. For the first time, we explored the correlation between necroptosis and immunotherapy prognosis. Thus, our study provides a relatively comprehensive understanding of the carcinogenicity of necroptosis in different types of cancer. It is suggested that necroptosis can be used to evaluate the sensitivity of different patients to immunotherapy and may become a potential target for tumour immunotherapy.
Is energy intensity a driver of structural change? Empirical evidence from the global economy
Authors: Nieto Jaime , Moyano Pedro B. , Moyano Diego , Miguel Luis Javier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInput–output tables (IOTs) provide a relevant picture of economic structure as they represent the composition and interindustry relationships of an economy. The technical coefficients matrix (A matrix) is considered to capture the technological status of an economy; so, it is of special relevance for the evaluation of long‐term, structural transformations, such as sustainability transitions in integrated assessment models (IAMs). The A matrix has typically been considered either static or exogenous. Endogenous structural change has rarely been applied to models. The objective of this paper is to analyze energy intensity, a widely used variable in IAMs, and its role as a driver of structural change. We therefore identify the most relevant technical coefficients in the IOTs time series and estimate an econometric model based on the energy intensity of five different final end‐use energy sources. The results of this analysis show that energy intensity has a significant influence on the evolution of the A matrix and should therefore be taken into consideration when analyzing endogenous structural change in models.
Bringing Back the Jobs Lost to Covid‐19: The Role of Fiscal Policy
Authors: BREDEMEIER CHRISTIAN , JUESSEN FALKO , WINKLER ROLAND 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCovid‐19 induced job losses occurred predominantly in industries with intensive worker–client interaction as well as in pink‐collar and blue‐collar occupations. We study the ability of fiscal policy to stabilize employment by occupation and industry during the Covid‐19 crisis. We use a multisector, multioccupation macro‐economic model and investigate different fiscal‐policy instruments that help the economy recover faster. We show that fiscal stimuli foster job growth for hard‐hit pink‐collar workers, whereas stimulating blue‐collar job creation is more challenging. Only a cut in labor income taxes generates a substantial number of blue‐collar jobs.
COVID‐19: Implications for Nursing and Health Care in the United States
Authors: Reynolds Nancy R. , Baker Deborah , D'Aoust Rita , Docal Maria , Goldstein Nancy , Grubb Lisa , Hladek Melissa D. , Koirala Binu , Kverno Karan , Ling Catherine , Lukkahatai Nada , McIltrot Kimberly , Pandian Vinciya , Regier Natalie G. , Sloand Elizabeth , Tomori Cecília , Wenzel Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeCOVID‐19 and other recent infectious disease outbreaks have highlighted the urgency of robust, resilient health systems. We may now have the opportunity to reform the flawed health care system that made COVID‐19 far more damaging in the United States (U.S.) than necessary.Design and MethodsGuided by the World Health Organization (WHO) Health System Building Blocks framework (WHO, 2007) and the socio‐ecological model (e.g., McLeroy et al., 1988), we identified challenges in and strengths of the U.S.’ handling of the pandemic, lessons learned, and policy implications for more resilient future health care delivery in the U.S. Using the aforementioned frameworks, we identified crucial, intertwined domains that have influenced and been influenced by health care delivery in the U.S. during the COVID‐19 pandemic through a review and analysis of the COVID‐19 literature and the collective expertise of a panel of research and clinical experts. An iterative process using a modified Delphi technique was used to reach consensus.FindingsFour critically important, inter‐related domains needing improvement individually, interpersonally, within communities, and for critical public policy reform were identified: Social determinants of health, mental health, communication, and the nursing workforce.ConclusionsThe four domains identified in this analysis demonstrate the challenges generated or intensified by the COVID‐19 pandemic, their dynamic interconnectedness, and the critical importance of health equity to resilient health systems, an effective pandemic response, and better health for all.Clinical relevanceThe novel coronavirus is unlikely to be the last pandemic in the U.S. and globally. To control COVID‐19 and prevent unnecessary suffering and social and economic damage from future pandemics, the U.S. will need to improve its capacity to protect the public's health. Complex problems require multi‐level solutions across critical domains. The COVID‐19 pandemic has underscored four interrelated domains that reveal and compound deep underlying problems in the socioeconomic structure and health care system of the U.S. In so doing, however, the pandemic illuminates the way toward reforms that could improve our ability not only to cope with likely future epidemics but also to better serve the health care needs of the entire population. This article highlights the pressing need for multi‐level individual, interpersonal, community, and public policy reforms to improve clinical care and public health outcomes in the current COVID‐19 pandemic and future pandemics, and offers recommendations to achieve these aims.
Evolutionary pressures of aerial insectivory reflected in anurognathid pterosaurs
Authors: Clark Alexander D. , Hone David W. E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcross the evolution of powered flight, the ecological niche of aerial insectivore has been occupied by members of the three volant vertebrate clades—Aves and Chiroptera, and the first known volant vertebrates, pterosaurs. However, morphological and quantitative evidence to support pterosaurs exhibiting this ecology remains scant. Anurognathids are an unusual group of pterosaurs in which the skull exhibits the unique morphology of being mediolaterally expanded, so much so that their skulls may be wider than rostrocaudally long. Here, we conduct quantitative comparative cranial measurements and dental morphology in anurognathids against extant avian and chiropteran taxa, respectively, with ecologies and behaviors that are similar to predicted putative behaviors of anurognathids. Comparative analyses of both skull and dental morphology suggest anurognathid specimens in similar morphospaces as insectivorous crepuscular and nocturnal extant volant taxa. Our results support that this unique group of pterosaurs likely occupied a niche of mid‐flight insectivorous capture in low‐light conditions.
The utility of systemic immune‐inflammation index and systemic immune‐response index in the prediction of adverse outcomes in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019: Analysis of 2649 cases
Authors: Tanacan Atakan , Oluklu Deniz , Laleli Koc Bergen , Sinaci Selcan , Menekse Beser Dilek , Uyan Hendem Derya , Yildirim Muradiye , Sakcak Bedri , Besimoglu Berhan , Tugrul Ersak Duygu , Akgun Aktas Betul , Gulen Yildiz Esra , Unlu Serpil , Kara Ozgur , Alyamac Dizdar Evrim , Canpolat Fuat Emre , Ates İhsan , Moraloglu Tekin Ozlem , Sahin Dilek 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the association of systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) and systemic immune‐response index (SIRI) with adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).MethodsThe cases were divided into (1) the Mild–moderate COVID‐19 group (n = 2437) and (2) the Severe–critical COVID‐19 group (n = 212). Clinical characteristics, perinatal outcomes, SII (neutrophilXplatelet/lymphocyte), and SIRI (neutrophilXmonocyte/lymphocyte) were compared between the groups. Afterward, SII and SIRI values were compared between subgroups based on pregnancy complications, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and maternal mortality. A receiver operator characteristic analysis was performed for the determination of optimal cutoff values for SII and SIRI in the prediction of COVID‐19 severity, pregnancy complications, NICU admission, and maternal mortality.ResultsBoth SII and SIRI were significantly higher in complicated cases (p < 0.05). Cutoff values in the prediction of severe–critical COVID‐19 were 1309.8 for SII, and 2.3 for SIRI. For pregnancy complications, optimal cutoff values were 973.2 and 1.6. Cutoff values of 1045.4 and 1.8 were calculated for the prediction of NICU admission. Finally, cut‐off values of 1224.2 and 2.4 were found in the prediction of maternal mortality.ConclusionSII and SIRI might be used in combination with other clinical findings in the prediction of poor perinatal outcomes.
Carbohydrate pellets to assess insulin dysregulation in horses
Authors: de Laat Melody A. , Warnken Tobias , Delarocque Julien , Reiche Dania B. , Grob Anne J. , Feige Karsten , Carslake Harry B. , Durham Andy E. , Sillence Martin N. , Thane Kristen E. , Frank Nicholas , Brojer Johan , Lindase Sanna , Sonntag Johanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundA glycemic challenge test is used for the diagnosis of insulin dysregulation (ID) in horses and ponies. Different forms of the test exist where the administrative route and dose of glucose vary, which makes interpretation of results challenging.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the palatability of, and blood glucose and insulin responses to, carbohydrate pellets fed as an oral glucose test (OGT), and to establish the diagnostic threshold for ID when using the pellets.AnimalsUniversity and privately‐owned horses and ponies (n = 157) comprised of 31 breeds and both sexes.MethodsMulticenter cohort study. A custom‐produced glycemic pellet was offered for free intake at 0.5 g/kg BW soluble carbohydrate and serum insulin and blood glucose concentrations measured before and after (60, 120, and 180 minutes) the pellets were offered. Pellet acceptance and intake time (those that finished within 10 minutes) were determined to assess palatability.ResultsThe pellets were palatable to 132/157 animals, and ponies found the pellets more (P = .004) palatable than horses. The median intake time (4 [3‐6] minutes) was positively correlated with acceptance grade (r = .51; P < .0001). Consumption of the pellets elicited peak blood glucose (6.6 [5.8‐7.8] mmol/L) and serum insulin (40.5 [19‐99.8] μIU/mL) responses at 120 minutes. At 120 minutes the optimal cut‐off was 83 μIU/mL (95% CI: 70‐99 μIU/mL) for the IMMULITE 2000XPi assay.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe pellets were palatable and a suitable, novel carbohydrate source for the OGT.
Anti‐oppressive pedagogy in medical education: A qualitative study of trainees and faculty
Authors: Punchhi Gopika , Shum Kathryn , Sukhera Javeed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeDespite the proliferation of interest in health equity and justice in medical education, there is limited research into the practical implementation of pedagogical approaches that align with anti‐oppressive practices. This study sought to explore how to integrate anti‐oppressive pedagogy into medical education.MethodsUsing constructivist grounded theory, the authors conducted 19 semi‐structured interviews with a continuum of medical education stakeholders including learners and faculty in a Canadian context between June and August 2021. Transcripts were iteratively analysed using constant comparative analysis.ResultsFindings suggest that existing approaches to anti‐oppressive pedagogy in medical education are misaligned with the perceived values, priorities, pace, biomedical focus and hierarchical nature of medical education, and medical practice. Although some learners are motivated to advance anti‐oppressive teaching, their motivations are often related to their personal experiences of oppression. Participants suggested that transformative and structural changes are required to effectively integrate anti‐oppressive pedagogy into medical education. Suggestions included a shift to community‐based learning while ensuring adequate compensation for educators and addressing resistance at individual and institutional levels.ConclusionAnti‐oppressive pedagogy does not presently align with existing medical education practices. Effectively integrating anti‐oppressive approaches will require individual and institutional reflection on the values and assumptions that underpin the field before progress can be made in a meaningful and sustainable way.
Macrophage efferocytosis in atherosclerosis
Authors: Baraniecki Łukasz , Tokarz‐Deptuła Beata , Syrenicz Anhelli , Deptuła Wiesław 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the role of macrophage efferocytosis, the process of elimination of apoptotic bodies—elements formed during vascular atherosclerosis. The mechanisms of macrophage efferocytosis are presented, introducing the specific signals of this process, that is, ‘find me’, ‘eat me’ and ‘don't eat me’. The role of the process of efferocytosis in the formation of vascular atherosclerosis is also presented, including the factors and mechanisms that determine it, as well as the factors that determine the maintenance of homeostasis in the vessels, including the formation of vascular atherosclerosis.