bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developments in Synthesis Strategies of Spiro-Barbiturate Compounds: A
Classified Study
Authors: Magoo Devanshi , Srivastava Anju , Gupta Shruti , Jain Reena , Mondal Ghorai Soma , Dawer Yashna , Sengupta Sumedha , Rani Soni 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Spiro compounds being multi-cyclic systems linked by a single atom, have distinct three
dimensionalities, and prominently hold a position of interest in the fields of synthetic and medicinal
chemistry, pharmacology, material sciences and physics. Spirobarbiturate compounds which incorporate
barbituric ring derivatives into spirocyclic structures have emerged as attractive synthetic targets
for drug discovery as they are known to exhibit far-ranging pharmacological applications. In this review,
we aim to bring to light the extensive, contemporary research applied to the synthesis of different
spirobarbiturates having varied ring sizes (3, 5, 6 and 7 membered) in a classified manner. It presents
the reported methods of synthesis along with their mechanistic pathways as well as the pharmacological
activities of some of these synthesized biologically significant motifs.
Efficacy of Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
in the Diagnosis of Mediastinal and Hilar Lesions
Authors: Liu Ting , Zhang Wenli , Liu Chunmei , Wang Leqiang , Gao Haipeng , Jiang Xiaoxue 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Mediastinal and hilar lesions may be benign or malignant. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is increasingly used for the diagnosis of these lesions as it is both minimally invasive and safe.

Objective:
To investigate the clinical efficacy of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study was undertaken to investigate patients diagnosed with mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy based on imaging at our hospital from 2020 to 2021. After evaluation, EBUS TBNA was used and data including the puncture site, postoperative pathology, and complications were recorded.

Results:
Data from 137 patients were included in the study, of which 135 underwent successful EBUS TBNA. A total of 149 lymph node punctures were
performed, of which 90 punctures identified malignant lesions. The most common malignancies were small-cell lung carcinoma, adenocarcinoma,
and squamous cell carcinoma. Forty-one benign lesions were identified, resulting from sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and reactive lymphadenitis,
amongst others. Follow-up findings showed that 4 cases were malignant tumors, with 1 case of pulmonary tuberculosis and 1 case of sarcoidosis).
Four specimens where lymph node puncture was insufficient were subsequently confirmed by other means. The sensitivity of EBUS TBNA for
malignant lesions, tuberculosis and sarcoidosis in mediastinal and hilar lesions was 94.7%, 71.4%, and 93.3%, respectively. Similarly, the negative
predictive values (NPV) were 88.9%, 98.5%, and 99.2%, and the accuracy was 96.3%, 98.5%, and 99.3%.

Conclusion:
EBUS TBNA is an effective and feasible approach for the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions that is minimally invasive and safe.
Hounsfield Unit Variations-based Liver Lesions Detection and Classification
using Deep Learning
Authors: Phan Anh-Cang , Trieu Thanh-Ngoan , Phan Thuong-Cang 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Deep learning-based diagnosis systems are useful to identify abnormalities in medical images with the greatly increased workload of doctors.
Specifically, the rate of new cases and deaths from malignancies is rising for liver diseases. Early detection of liver lesions plays an extremely
important role in effective treatment and gives a higher chance of survival for patients. Therefore, automatic detection and classification of
common liver lesions are essential for doctors. In fact, radiologists mainly rely on Hounsfield Units to locate liver lesions but previous studies
often pay little attention to this factor.

Methods:
In this paper, we propose an improved method for the automatic classification of common liver lesions based on deep learning techniques and the
variation of Hounsfield Unit densities on CT images with and without contrast. Hounsfield Unit is used to locate liver lesions accurately and
support data labeling for classification. We construct a multi-phase classification model developed on the deep neural networks of Faster R-CNN,
R-FCN, SSD, and Mask R-CNN with the transfer learning approach.

Results:
The experiments are conducted on six scenarios with multi-phase CT images of common liver lesions. Experimental results show that the proposed
method improves the detection and classification of liver lesions compared with recent methods because its accuracy achieves up to 97.4%.

Conclusion:
The proposed models are very useful to assist doctors in the automatic segmentation and classification of liver lesions to solve the problem of
depending on the clinician’s experience in the diagnosis and treatment of liver lesions.
Metformin: A Promising Radiosensitizer in Neoadjuvant Rectal Cancer
Treatment
Authors: Georgopoulos Nikolaos S. , Tolia Maria , Mauri Davide , Kamposioras Konstantinos , Charalampakis Nikolaos , Tsoukalas Nikolaos , Gkantaifi Areti 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) decreases the risk of local
recurrence after surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and metformin is
constantly gaining scientific interest due to its potentially radiosensitizing effect.

Objective:
This review article aims to better clarify the role of metformin as a radiosensitizer in
patients with LARC undergoing neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods:
We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were
all human studies that illustrated the effective role of metformin in the neoadjuvant setting of
locally advanced rectal cancer.

Results:
Our search resulted in 17 citations, of which 10 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria
of our study. Promising results (improved tumor and nodal regression as well as higher pathologic
complete response rate) have been occasionally documented with metformin use in some of the
included studies. However, regarding survival and all-cause mortality, no significant difference has
been found.

Conclusion:
Metformin might constitute a highly promising radiosensitizer in neoadjuvant LARC
treatment attracting much scientific interest. Due to the lack of studies with high evidence, further
advanced research is required to enhance the existing knowledge about its potential value in this
field.
A Secure Network with Minimization of Energy for E-healthcare Application
in IoMT
Authors: Aluvalu Rajanikanth , V. Uma Maheswari , A. Mohan , Balagoni Yadaiah 
Published: May 2023

Aims:
Protect patient healthcare records.

Background:
The adaptability of the digital healthcare system is a major factor in its recent rise in
popularity. Utilizing the digital healthcare system has resulted in an ever-increasing number of
healthcare apps. The Internet of Medical Things-(IoMT) is a newly emerging digital healthcare system
using various biomedical sensors and the cutting-edge capabilities of wireless systems and
cloud computing. Since IoMT can exchange data between various connecting nodes thanks to the
combination of other technologies, security and energy consumption provide the greatest challenge
to the IoMT infrastructure.

Objective:
Reduce the cost of communication in order to strengthen defenses against unauthorized
access and increase energy efficiency.

Method:
This study provides a protocol for protecting patients; medical records called the requesttype-
based energy-aware framework (Re-EAF) based on patent. The primary goal is to reduce the
cost of communication in order to strengthen defences against unauthorized access and increase energy
efficiency. An identifying unit called a request-type energy aware framework has been proposed.
The proposed method avoids treating all requests the same by instead characterizing them
based on the identified criteria and characteristics. Using Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP),
remote patient monitoring can increase the safety of gathered data.

Results:
Using Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), remote patient monitoring can increase
the safety of gathered data. Using a software-defined networking (SDN) framework, our research
ensures that data and requests are sent and received as effectively and efficiently as possible while
conserving energy.

Conclusion:
In this research, the transmitted healthcare data is encrypted via cipher Block-chaining.
The experimental study demonstrates that the suggested Re-EAF consumes less energy while producing
a higher throughput than conventional methods.
Potential Disorders Caused by Traditional Herbal Medicines based on
Forensic Case Studies
Authors: Astaraki Peyman , Ahadi Maryam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Herbal medicines have long been used in therapeutic medicine owing to their minimal side
effects. However, contamination, inadequate purification, and adulteration can lead to adverse outcomes
upon intake. Several forensic case studies have reported that these compounds can be overdosed, leading
to serious effects and death. Furthermore, their interactions with pharmacological agents are poorly studied.
In forensic settings, mass spectrometry along with liquid chromatography is the most practiced method
to detect and quantity these agents.
Nanomaterials as Theragnostic Tools of Detection and Fighting off the Virus
Authors: Sharma Rama 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The primary cause of death worldwide is an infectious disease, and viruses in particular, have a
major worldwide impact on health and economic growth. A critical public health problem is the quick
emergence of medication resistance to currently accessible treatments as well as negative side effects
from repeated use. Therefore, the creation of novel treatment plans is necessary. In contrast to
conventional chemical-based antiviral drugs, the use of nanoparticles offers an alluring potential for the
development of innovative antiviral therapies with minimal risk of acquiring drug resistance.
Nanomaterials make it simple to change the properties of accessible resources. Nanomaterials can be
readily applied to modify the available detection platforms to improve their sensitivity. Due to their high
surface-to-volume ratio, NPs readily bind to either the viral membrane proteins or the viral reproduction
system (DNA/RNA), thus hindering the virus' ability to infect cells. Viral proliferation has been inhibited
by the use of metal nanoparticles (NPs) such as gold, silver, and copper. Copper has repeatedly been examined
for its strong anti-microbial qualities due to its lower cost than silver and gold. The virus's inactivation
on copper surfaces after 4 hours raises the possibility that copper could be used to destroy the infection.
Also, it was discovered that 50% of virus-like particles (VLPs) could be rendered inactive by
copper composite nanoparticles in just 10 minutes. The medical community could benefit greatly from
sophisticated smartphone and/or LFA-based detection techniques that can be used right at the patient's
bedside. This review discusses methods based on nanotechnology for diagnosing and treating viral
diseases, especially HIV and influenza.
Medicinal Properties of Crotalaria burhia: A Review
Authors: Wal Pranay , Shukla Vibha , Uzzaman Khan Mohd Masih , Gaur Khushboo , Wal Ankita , Kumar Jain Nem 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Natural products have a crucial role in the discovery and development of
drug molecules. The secondary metabolites derived from the plant have potential therapeutic value
and reveal many pharmacological effects. Crotalaria burhia Buchham, a Leguminaceae herb, is
mostly present in arid parts of India, Pakistan, China, and Afghanistan. Shinio, Bhip, Bhata, Ghugato, and Ban Sutra are just a few of the names it goes by. It is used to cure gout, eczema, hydrophobia, and inflammation. Plant root porridge is used for typhoid, wounds and cuts, rheumatism,
flatulence, earaches, nasal bleeding, and stone problems. The powder form of the plant is used for
digestive disorders. The plant has potent pharmacological activity and is also carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic in nature. Various phytoconstituents are present, like tannins, amino acids, alkaloids,
steroids, triterpenoids, mucilage, flavonoids, gum, polyphenols, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, glycosides, and saponins. Croburhine is a novel pyrrolizidine alkaloid obtained from it. This review focuses on the existing knowledge of the phytochemistry and pharmacological action of C. burhia,
which will provide broad information for a proper assessment of the plant as a medicinal agent.

Methods:
The experimental analysis and data reported on the species of Crotalaria were reviewed
from 2005 to 2022. Various databases were used as article sources, like Medline and Pubmed, and a
literature review was done using the keywords Crotalaria burhia, habitat, species, pharmacological
action, and traditional uses.

Result:
On the basis of our perception, we have stated that the species Crotalaria burhia is a golden
herb that possesses potent pharmacological activities. It is widely used as a conventional drug for
the cure of various diseases, but its active constituents need to be evaluated more for future drug
development and pharmacological action.

Conclusion:
There were a total of 21 research articles about the phytochemical screening of herbs,
which showed the presence of different active constituents like alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, mucilage, gum, polyphenols, carbohydrates, terpenoids, etc., which are responsible
for different pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antihypertensive, antitumor, and analgesic activity.
The Effect of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Pollen on the Serum
Levels of Testosterone, Luteinizing, and Follicle Stimulating Hormones
in Men
Authors: Karimi Mehrdad , Asbagh Firoozeh Akbari , Safavi Majid , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed , Rahimi Roja , Pourmand Gholamreza , Mirzaei Mohammadreza , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Date Palm Pollen (DPP) has traditionally been used to increase sexual
ability and fertility. In several animal studies, the effects of this herbal medicine on testosterone,
luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) have been shown.

Objectives:
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of this drug on the serum levels of
testosterone, LH, and FSH in men.

Methods:
In this semi-experimental study, a daily dose of 6 g dry powder of DPP in two separate
doses (3 g every 12 hours) was administered orally to 30 eligible men for three months. The
changes in mean serum levels of hormones were statistically evaluated after the intervention
compared to the baseline. The serum concentration of the hormones was assayed through the
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Results:
After recruitment, among 30 participants, 24 men received the intervention and finally
were analyzed. The mean (SD) age and body mass index of participants were 32.85 (0.43) years and
26.5 (0.5) kg/m2
. DPP significantly increased the serum levels of testosterone (from 5.31±0.40ng/ml
to 6.88±0.71 ng/ml; p=0.019) but did not affect the serum levels of FSH (from 4.31±0.50 IU/L to
4.70±0.61 IU/L; p=0.511). It also significantly decreased the serum levels of LH (from 5.65±0.81
IU/L to 4.52±0.90 IU/L; p= 0.033). There were no reported side effects.

Conclusion:
The results indicated an increasing effect of DPP on serum testosterone and decreasing
effect on serum LH. However, DPP had no significant effect on FSH serum levels.
An APT Attack Detection Method of a New-type Power System Based on
STSA-transformer
Authors: Yuan Jiexuan , Li Yuancheng 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Complex structures such as a high proportion of power electronic equipment
has brought new challenges to the safe and stable operation of new-type power system, increasing
the possibility of the system being attacked, especially the more complex Advanced Persistent
Threat (APT). This kind of attack has a long duration and strong concealment.

Objective:
Traditional detection methods target a relatively single attack mode, and the time span of
APT processed is relatively short. None of them can effectively capture the long-term correlation in the
attack, and the detection rate is low. These methods can’t meet the safety requirements of the new-type
power system. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved transformer model
called STSA-transformer algorithm, and applies it to the detection of APT in new-type power systems.

Methods:
In the STSA-transformer model, the network traffic collected from the power system is
first converted into a sequence of feature vectors, and the location information and local feature of
the sequence, is extracted by combining position encoding with convolutional embedding operations,
and then global characteristics of attack sequences is captured using the multi-head selfattention
mechanism of the transformer encoder, the higher-frequency features of the attention are
extracted through the self-learning threshold operation, combined with the PowerNorm algorithm to
standardize the samples, and finally classify the network traffic of the APT.

Results:
After multiple rounds of training on the model, the expected effect can be achieved and
applied to the APT detection of a new-type power system.

Conclusion:
The experimental results show that the proposed STSA-transformer algorithm has better
detection accuracy and lower detection false-alarm rate than traditional deep learning algorithms
and machine learning algorithms.
Bigels; A Charismatic Drug Delivery Formulation
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Singhai Manu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Bigels are a novel concept in contrast to previous gel formulations. To look like one
gel, bigels are made by merging two gel phases at high shear rates. Colloidal gels can be the
same (as in water-in-water bigels, which are phase-separated systems), the same but different,
or a combination of a hydrogel and an oleogel. These colloidal gels are utilized to construct
bigels (oleogel-in-hydrogel bigels or hydrogel-in-oleogel bigels). Bigels have appealing qualities
like hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, improved spreadability, improved drug penetration,
higher stratum corneum hydration, and the capacity to control the drug release rate. Bigels'
mechanical, structural, thermal, physical, rheological, and electrical properties are crucial to their
practical and successful use in a variety of commercial applications. In this compilation, we have
talked about the convenience and interest of bigels as a formulation for novel applications in the
pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. The use of several notable bigels is also discussed
in the paper. The Bigels are widely utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries as well.
The Bigels are now being researched as possible drug delivery matrices.
Implementasi Kepemimpinan Otentik dan Person-Organisation Fit serta Hubungannya dengan Kontrak Psikologis dan Komitmen Organisasional Islami
Authors: Suhartini Tien 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian mengenai kepemimpinan telah dilakukan berpuluh tahun yang lalu di berbagai negara. Topik ini memang selalu menarik karena organisasi selalu mengalami perubahan, baik dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal maupun eksternal, sehingga para peneliti berusaha terus mencari kelebihan dan kelemahan gaya kepemimpinan agar bisa menemukan tipe kepemimpinan yang paling dibutuhkan dalam sebuah organisasi, yang membuat organisasi tersebut bisa sustain. Sementara ini, Kepemimpinan Otentik (Authentic Leadership) dianggap paling sesuai untuk berbagai organisasi. Bagi seorang pekerja, kesesuaian yang dibutuhkan tidak hanya dengan pemimpin, tapi juga dengan lingkungan organisasi agar tercipta perasaan nyaman selama bergabung dengan organisasi tersebut. Perasaan nyaman dan terikat dengan organisasi ini bisa memperkuat kontrak psikologis pekerja, yang pada gilirannya akan memunculkan komitmen. Tulisan ini merupakan conceptual paper yang tidak hanya meringkas penelitian terbaru, tetapi juga menyediakan integrasi literatur, menawarkan kerangka kerja terintegrasi, memberikan nilai tambah, dan menyoroti arah untuk penyelidikan di masa depan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan model hubungan antara kepemimpinan otentik dan kesesuaian pekerja-organisasi dengan kontrak psikologis Islami dan komitmen organisasional Islami
Work Ethic And Strategic Development of Batik Pekalongan Indonesia on Islamic Business Perspective
Authors: Masrur Muhamad , Arwani Agus 
Published: May 2023

<p>This paper aims to find out how the work ethics of Pekalongan batik entrepreneurs and the business development strategies of Pekalongan batik entrepreneurs from perspective of Islamic business ethics. This study uses a qualitative approach by observations, interviews, and documentation to Muslim entrepreneurs. The results study note that batik entrepreneurs in Pekalongan conduct their business with a high work ethic spirit, nature maintains and develops business, they do business development strategies mostly by Islamic business ethics, both from marketing strategies such as products, prices, distribution of promotions, and sales systems that adapted times, treating employees, still less additional capital that is related to conventional banking, and still a lack of awareness not to dispose of batik waste in rivers. The findings of the study that the businessman batik Muslims in Pekalongan have the ethic of work are high and pass strategy development effort batik using principle business of Islam. </p>