bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Therapy Process Observational Coding System: Group cohesion scale in youth anxiety treatment: Psychometric properties
Authors: Fjermestad Krister W. , McLeod Bryce D. , Silverman Wendy K. , Bjaastad Jon F. , Lerner Matthew D. , Wergeland Gro Janne H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are no well‐established measures of group cohesion, defined as the collaborative bond between group members, in group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) with youth. We therefore examined the Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy—Group Cohesion Scale (TPOCS‐GC), which has previously only been used with adult samples, in a youth sample.MethodsObservers coded 32 sessions from 16 groups with 83 youth aged 8 to 15 years (90.7% European White). Youth had anxiety disorders and received manualized GCBT in community clinics. We examined psychometric properties of the TPOCS‐GC and its' construct validity in terms of relations with pretreatment variables, alliance and fidelity during treatment, and post‐treatment variables. Group cohesion was measured twice during treatment (early and late).ResultsThe TPOCS‐GC was internally consistent (α = 0.72) and was reliably coded (M ICC = 0.61). Higher clinical severity at pretreatment predicted lower early group cohesion. Higher youth age, higher clinical severity at pretreatment, and higher youth‐rated early alliance predicted lower late group cohesion. Higher therapist‐rated early alliance predicted higher early group cohesion. Higher therapist‐rated late alliance predicted higher late group cohesion. Higher late group cohesion predicted lower clinical severity and higher client treatment satisfaction at post‐treatment. Early group cohesion did not predict any post‐treatment variables.ConclusionsA four‐item version of the TPOCS‐GC can be reliably used in youth GCBT. The TPOCS‐GC is distinct from, but associated with, multiple clinical variables.
Resistance and endurance exercise training improves muscle mass and the inflammatory/fibrotic transcriptome in a rhabdomyosarcoma model
Authors: Collao Nicolas , Sanders Olivia , Caminiti Taylor , Messeiller Laura , De Lisio Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that most often develops in children. Chemoradiation therapy is a standard treatment modality; however, the detrimental long‐term skeletal muscle consequences of this therapy in juvenile cancer survivors include muscle atrophy and fibrosis resulting in decreased physical performance. Using a novel model of murine resistance and endurance exercise training, we investigate its role in preventing the long‐term effects of juvenile RMS plus therapy.MethodsFour‐week‐old male (n = 10) and female (n = 10) C57Bl/6J mice were injected with M3‐9‐M RMS cell into the left gastrocnemius with the right limb serving as an internal control (CON). Mice received a systemic vincristine injection and then five doses of 4.8 Gy of gamma radiation localized to the left hindlimb (RMS + Tx). Mice were then randomly divided into either sedentary (SED) or resistance and endurance exercise training (RET) groups. Changes in exercise performance, body composition, myocellular adaptations and the inflammatory/fibrotic transcriptome were assessed.ResultsRET improved endurance performance (P < 0.0001) and body composition (P = 0.0004) compared to SED. RMS + Tx resulted in significantly lower muscle weight (P = 0.015) and significantly smaller myofibre cross‐sectional area (CSA) (P = 0.014). Conversely, RET resulted in significantly higher muscle weight (P = 0.030) and significantly larger Type IIA (P = 0.014) and IIB (P = 0.015) fibre CSA. RMS + Tx resulted in significantly more muscle fibrosis (P = 0.028), which was not prevented by RET. RMS + Tx resulted in significantly fewer mononuclear cells (P < 0.05) and muscle satellite (stem) cells (MuSCs) (P < 0.05) and significantly more immune cells (P < 0.05) than CON. RET resulted in significantly more fibro‐adipogenic progenitors (P < 0.05), a trend for more MuSCs (P = 0.076) than SED and significantly more endothelial cells specifically in the RMS + Tx limb. Transcriptomic changes revealed significantly higher expression of inflammatory and fibrotic genes in RMS + Tx, which was prevented by RET. In the RMS + Tx model, RET also significantly altered expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix turnover.ConclusionsOur study suggests that RET preserves muscle mass and performance in a model of juvenile RMS survivorship while partially restoring cellular dynamics and the inflammatory and fibrotic transcriptome.
Monitoring of SARS‐CoV‐2 concentration and circulation of variants of concern in wastewater of Leuven, Belgium
Authors: Rector Annabel , Bloemen Mandy , Thijssen Marijn , Delang Leen , Raymenants Joren , Thibaut Jonathan , Pussig Bram , Fondu Lore , Aertgeerts Bert , Van Ranst Marc , Van Geet Chris , Arnout Jef , Wollants Elke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWastewater surveillance plays an important role in the management of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic all over the world. Using different wastewater collection points in Leuven, we wanted to investigate the use of wastewater surveillance as an early warning system for an uprise of infections and as a tool to follow the circulation of specific variants of concern (VOCs) in particular geographic areas. Wastewater samples were collected from local neighborhood sewers and from a large regional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the area of Leuven, Belgium. After virus concentration, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) RNA was quantified by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and normalized with the human fecal indicator pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). A combination of multiplex RT‐qPCR assays was used to detect signature mutations of circulating VOCs. Fecal virus shedding of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants was measured in feces samples of hospitalized patients. In two residential sampling sites, a rise in wastewater SARS‐CoV‐2 concentration preceded peaks in positive cases. In the WWTP, viral load peaks were seen concomitant with the consecutive waves of positive cases caused by the original Wuhan SARS‐CoV‐2 strain and subsequent VOCs. During the Omicron BA.1 wave, the wastewater viral load increased to a lesser degree, even after normalization of SARS‐CoV‐2 concentration using PMMoV. This might be attributable to a lower level of fecal excretion of this variant. Circulation of SARS‐CoV‐2 VOCs Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA1/BA.2, and BA.4/BA.5 could be detected based on the presence of specific key mutations. The shift in variants was noticeable in the wastewater, with key mutations of two different variants being present simultaneously during the transition period. Wastewater‐based surveillance is a sensitive tool to monitor SARS‐CoV‐2 circulation levels and VOCs in larger regions. In times of reduced test capacity, this can prove to be highly valuable. Differences in excretion levels of various SARS‐CoV‐2 variants should however be taken into account when using wastewater surveillance to monitor SARS‐CoV‐2 circulation levels in the population.
Reconstruction of daily global solar radiation under all‐sky and cloud‐free conditions in Badajoz (Spain) since 1929
Authors: Montero‐Martín Javier , Antón Manuel , Vaquero José Manuel , Román Roberto , Vaquero‐Martinez Javier , Aparicio Alejandro J. P. , Sanchez‐Lorenzo Arturo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work analyses the long‐term temporal variability of the annual and seasonal series of reconstructed global solar radiation for both all‐sky and cloud‐free conditions in Badajoz (Spain) over the 1929–2015 period. Specifically, daily values of global horizontal irradiation (GHI) for all‐sky cases are derived from a semiempirical method based on the relationship between the cloud modification factor and sunshine duration records. Additionally, cloud‐free situations are selected using cloud cover (CC) information recorded by surface observations. Regarding GHI linear trends for all‐sky conditions, three periods are clearly identified: during the 1929–1950 period, there is a positive and statistically significant trend of +4.18 W·m−2·decade−1. It is followed by a significant dimming with a trend of −3.72 W·m−2·decade−1 between 1951 and 1984. GHI levels increase again from 1985 to 2015 with a statistically significant trend of +2.04 W·m−2·decade−1. The seasonal trends are found to be statistically significant only in summer for all the three subperiods. With the goal to find out the possible causes of the reconstructed GHI trends, the temporal variability of the CC was also analysed. It was observed that CC has a statistically significant negative trend between 1985 and 2015 which may partially explain the GHI increase shown for this period. In contrast, not statistically significant trends were found in the annual and seasonal CC series before 1985. The long‐term evolution of the GHI under cloud‐free conditions exhibits the same pattern as all‐sky conditions: an increase during 1929–1950, followed by a decrease in 1951–1984 and then a new increase from 1985 to 2015. Therefore, the positive (negative) linear trends in GHI reported in this study could be partially related to a decrease (increase) in the aerosol load during the analysed three subperiods.
Effect of interproximal home oral hygiene on clinical parameters and inflammatory biomarkers in patients receiving periodontal maintenance
Authors: Moore Grace C. , Smith Kevin T. , Christiansen Mary M. , Anderson Laura , Moravec Lisa J. , Okano David K. , Samson Kaeli K. , Ramer‐Tait Amanda , Beede Kristin , Reinhardt Richard A. , Killeen Amy C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this 6‐week, single‐blinded, randomized clinical trial was to determine if the use of an interproximal brush, with or without a tracking device, is more effective than an oral irrigator in improving interproximal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and inflammatory markers.MethodsSeventy‐six patients with Stages III–IV, Grade B periodontitis and a 5–7 mm posterior interproximal PD with BOP were randomized: (1) interproximal brush alone (IB; n = 26), (2) interproximal brush with tracking device (TD; n = 23), (3) oral irrigator (OI; n = 27). Participants used devices once daily for 6 weeks. Clinical measurements (PD, CAL, PI, BOP, GI) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected at baseline and 6 weeks.ResultsAll groups showed a significant reduction in PD and CAL (≥1.1 mm, p < 0.0001) and improvement in BOP (≥56%, p < 0.0001) and GI (≥82%, p < 0.001) at the experimental site with no differences among groups. The IB and IB+TD groups showed a significant reduction in PI (≥0.9, p ≤ 0.01). Interleukin (IL)‐1β was reduced in all groups (p = 0.006), but IB+TB more than OI (p ≤ 0.05). IL‐10 was reduced among all groups (p = 0.01), while interferon‐gamma significantly increased (p = 0.01) in all groups.ConclusionsIB and OI improved clinical parameters of PD and CAL and reduced inflammatory markers (BOP, GI, GCF IL‐1β). IB had better interproximal plaque reduction. Tracking did not significantly improve clinical parameters compared with the IB and OI groups, suggesting future modifications are needed.
Nutritional value and health benefits of cashew apple
Authors: Akyereko Yaw Gyau , Yeboah Georgina Benewaa , Wireko‐Manu Faustina Dufie , Alemawor Francis , Mills‐Robertson F. C. , Odoom William 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCashew (Anacardium occidentale) has received both local and international recognition due to its expanding production capacity, trading, and nut utilization. The cashew apple, which forms about 90% of the total fruit weight, is left on the farmers' fields as agricultural waste owing to limited knowledge of its health benefits, a lack of technical know‐how and processing equipment, and its high perishability and astringent taste. Numerous studies have been conducted exploring the nutrients and contribution of the apple to human nutrition. This paper reviewed recent articles on the nutritional composition and health benefits of cashew apples for easy accessibility and readership. Cashew apple contains good amounts of vitamin C, sugars (fructose and sucrose), fibers, flavonoids, carotenoids, total polyphenols, volatile components, flavanols, amino acids, and minerals, such as potassium, magnesium, sodium, and iron, which are good for maintaining strong immunity, scavenging free radicals, neuropathic functioning, cardiac functioning, and maintenance of body and skin integrity. Cashew apple is associated with weight loss, and is good for diabetic patients due to its high content of flavonoids (myricetin and quercetin). Consumption of cashew apple and its value‐added products confer good health, therapeutic effects in the management of diabetics and cardiovascular diseases, and also ensure food and nutrition security. It is hoped that this review will contribute significantly to the expanding body of knowledge aimed at promoting cashew apple utilization globally.
Blooms also like it cold
Authors: Reinl Kaitlin L. , Harris Ted D. , North Rebecca L. , Almela Pablo , Berger Stella A. , Bizic Mina , Burnet Sarah H. , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Ibelings Bastiaan W , Jakobsson Ellinor , Knoll Lesley B. , Lafrancois Brenda M. , McElarney Yvonne , Morales‐Williams Ana M. , Obertegger Ulrike , Ogashawara Igor , Paule‐Mercado Ma Cristina , Peierls Benjamin L. , Rusak James A. , Sarkar Siddhartha , Sharma Sapna , Trout‐Haney Jessica V. , Urrutia‐Cordero Pablo , Venkiteswaran Jason J. , Wain Danielle J. , Warner Katelynn , Weyhenmeyer Gesa A. , Yokota Kiyoko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCyanobacterial blooms have substantial direct and indirect negative impacts on freshwater ecosystems including releasing toxins, blocking light needed by other organisms, and depleting oxygen. There is growing concern over the potential for climate change to promote cyanobacterial blooms, as the positive effects of increasing lake surface temperature on cyanobacterial growth are well documented in the literature; however, there is increasing evidence that cyanobacterial blooms are also being initiated and persisting in relatively cold‐water temperatures (< 15°C), including ice‐covered conditions. In this work, we provide evidence of freshwater cold‐water cyanobacterial blooms, review abiotic drivers and physiological adaptations leading to these blooms, offer a typology of these lesser‐studied cold‐water cyanobacterial blooms, and discuss their occurrence under changing climate conditions.
Diagnosing Midline Neck Masses: Comparing Clinical Exam, the SIST Score, and the 4S Algorithm
Authors: Bertoni Dylan G. , Kim Sooji , May Lauren , Saul David , Zhang Ran , Aaronson Nicole L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo validate and compare novel ultrasound scoring systems for dermoid cysts and thyroglossal duct cysts among pediatric patients.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingTertiary care children's hospital.MethodsAn electronic medical record query of patients younger than 18 years old who underwent primary excision of a neck mass between January 2005 and February 2022, who underwent preoperative ultrasound, and had final histopathologic diagnosis of either thyroglossal duct cysts or dermoid cysts. This generated 260 results, of which 134 patients met the inclusion criteria. Charts were reviewed for demographic data, clinical impressions, and radiographic studies. Radiologists blindly reviewed ultrasound for SIST score (septae + irregular walls + solid components = thyroglossal), and 4S algorithm (Septations, depth relative to Strap muscles, Shape, Solid parts). Statistical analyses were performed to determine the accuracy of each diagnostic modality.ResultsOf 134 patients, 90 (67%) had a final histopathologic diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cysts, and 44 (33%) were dermoid cysts. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis was 52%, and preoperative ultrasound report accuracy was 31%. The 4S and SIST accuracies were each 84%.ConclusionBoth the 4S algorithm and SIST score provide increased accuracy of diagnosis relative to standard preoperative ultrasound assessment. Neither scoring modality was determined to be superior. Further research is warranted in improving the accuracy of preoperative assessments for pediatric congenital neck masses.
Scarless Neck Feminization by Transoral Endoscopic Vestibular Approach Chondrolaryngoplasty: A Prospective Cohort
Authors: Shoffel‐Havakuk Hagit , Cohen Oded , Lahav Yonatan , Khafif Avi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveChondrolaryngoplasty (laryngeal‐prominence reduction) is a gender affirmation surgery for transgender women, or for cisgender people desiring an esthetic correction. Up until recently, chondrolaryngoplasty required a visible neck scar. The transoral endoscopic vestibular approach (TOEVA) is gaining widespread use as a scarless alternative for thyroid/parathyroid surgeries. This study aims to describe the feasibility, safety, and outcomes of TOEVA‐chondrolaryngoplasty, based on the first‐ever performed cases.Study DesignA prospective cohort.SettingAn academic referral center.MethodsAdult patients interested in chondrolaryngoplasty underwent scarless TOEVA‐chondrolaryngoplasty between 2019 and 2022, according to the described protocol. Video stroboscopy was recorded pre‐and postoperatively. Surgical data, adverse events, and complications were recorded. Patients' satisfaction was measured using an outcome instrument for esthetic chondrolaryngoplasty.ResultsTwelve patients (10 transgender women, a cisgender man, and a woman) were included. The mean age was 26.7 ± 6.5 years, ranging from 19 to 37. The average operative time was 3:01 ± 0:51 hours. The thyroid cartilage and laryngeal prominence were easily and safely approached and reduced, with no adverse events or major complications. All patients were discharged on postoperative day 1. A single patient had a temporary mental nerve hypoesthesia that resolved spontaneously. Otherwise, no other complications were encountered. Vocal folds' function remained unchanged in all patients. Patients were very much to completely satisfied with the surgical results as measured by the outcome instrument; median (interquartile range), 25 (21‐27.75).ConclusionIn this first reported cohort of scarless TOEVA‐chondrolaryngoplasty, this approach was proven to be safe and feasible, with no adverse events or major complications, and with high patient satisfaction.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Premna Oblongifolia Merr. Extract/Glutaraldehyde/Carbon Nanotube (VOGC)‐Based Composite Hydrogel: A Potential Candidate for Controlled‐Release Materials
Authors: Hendrawan Hendrawan , Aziz Hafiz Aji , Haryati Nina , Khoerunnisa Fitri 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA hydrogel based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (V), Premna Oblongifolia Merr. extract (O), glutaraldehyde (G), and carbon nanotubes (C) has been synthesized in search of candidates to develop controlled‐release fertilizers (CRF). Referring to previous studies, O and C can be considered as two materials that have potential as modifiers in synthesizing CRF. This work is comprised of hydrogel synthesis, their characterisation, including measuring swelling ratio (SR) and water retention (WR) of VOGm, VOGe, VOGmC3, VOGmC5, VOGmC7, VOGmC7‐KCl, and release behaviour of KCl from VOGmC7‐KCl. We found that C interacts physically with VOG, increased the surface roughness of VOGm, and reduced the VOGm crystallite size. The addition of KCl into VOGmC7 reduced the pore size and increased the structural density of VOGmC7. The thickness and the C content of VOG affected its SR and WR. The addition of KCl into VOGmC7 reduced its SR, but did not significantly affect its WR.
Office‐Based Multilevel Radiofrequency Ablation for Mild‐to‐Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Herman Howard , Stern Jordan , Alessi David M. , Swartz Keith A. , Gillespie Marion Boyd 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveInvestigate multilevel radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as an alternative therapy for patients with mild‐to‐moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Study DesignProspective, open‐label, single‐arm, nonrandomized clinical trial.SettingMulticenter academic and private clinics.MethodsPatients with mild‐to‐moderate OSA (apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI] 10‐30; body mass index ≤ 32) were treated with 3 sessions of office‐based RFA to the soft palate and tongue base. The primary outcome was a change in the AHI and oxygen desaturation index (ODI 4%). Secondary outcomes included subjective sleepiness level; snoring level; and sleep‐related quality of life.ResultsFifty‐six patients were enrolled, with 43 (77%) completing the study protocol. Following 3 sessions of office‐based RFA to the palate and base of the tongue, the mean AHI decreased from 19.7 to 9.9 (p = .001), while the mean ODI (4%) decreased from 12.8 to 8.4 (p = .005). Mean Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores declined from 11.2 (±5.4) to 6.0 (±3.5) (p = .001), while Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire scores improved from a mean of 14.9 at baseline to 17.4 (p = .001). The mean visual analog scale snoring scale was reduced from 5.3 (±1.4) at baseline to 3.4 (±1.6) at 6 months posttherapy (p = .001).ConclusionOffice‐based, multilevel RFA of the soft palate and base of the tongue is a safe and effective treatment option with minimal morbidity for properly selected patients with mild‐to‐moderate OSA who are intolerant or refuse continuous positive airway pressure therapy.
Creation of an Open Bedside Tracheostomy Program at a Community Hospital With a Single Surgeon
Authors: Ziltzer Ryan S. , Millman Noah M. , Serrano Jorge , Swanson Mark , O'Dell Karla 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the adverse event rate and operating cost of open bedside tracheostomy (OBT) at a community hospital. To present a model for creating an OBT program at a community hospital with a single surgeon.Study DesignRetrospective case series pilot study.SettingAcademic‐affiliated community hospital.MethodsRetrospective chart review of surgical OBT and operating room tracheostomy (ORT) at a community hospital from 2016 to 2021. Primary outcomes included operation duration; perioperative, postoperative, and long‐term complications; and crude time‐based estimation of operating cost to the hospital using annual operating cost. Clinical outcomes of OBT were assessed with ORT as a comparison using t tests and Fisher's exact tests.ResultsFifty‐five OBT and 14 ORT were identified. Intensive care unit (ICU) staff training in preparing for and assisting with OBT was successfully implemented by an Otolaryngologist and ICU nursing management. Operation duration was 20.3 minutes for OBT and 25.2 minutes for ORT (p = .14). Two percent, 18%, and 10% of OBT had perioperative, postoperative, and long‐term complications, respectively; this was comparable to rates for ORT (p = .10). The hospital saved a crude estimate of $1902 in operating costs per tracheostomy when performed in the ICU.ConclusionAn OBT protocol can be successfully implemented at a single‐surgeon community hospital. We present a model for creating an OBT program at a community hospital with limited staff and resources.