bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The K League and the Duality of Glocality: Men’s Professional Football in South Korea, 1983–2017
Authors: Hong Eunah 
Published: May 2023

What happens when modern sports systems in noncore sports nations have undergone extended globalization? In this article, I draw on glocalization theory, particularly Roland Robertson and Richard Giulianotti’s “duality of glocality” to explore the historical developments of the K League, South Korea’s men’s professional football league, launched in 1983. There are many reasons the K League has not yet firmly established its status: (a) the league imposed continuous rule changes on foreign field players while banning foreign goalkeepers, (b) the league introduced a distinct competition structure partially adopted from its Western counterparts, (c) a supporter culture was established which has a similar outlook to that of other supporter cultures but it had a different internal structure, and (d) the league produced media content reflecting local viewer needs while maintaining a structure similar to Western media formats. The notion of a two-step glocalization, the process of heterogenization followed by homogenization with other cultures based on the things that were already heterogenized for a lengthy period, is used to advance the debate on glocalization and to better understand the reasons for the failure to attract K League spectators since its establishment in 1983.
Vertical Distribution of Dust Aerosol Under Conditions of Weak and Moderate Winds
Authors: Malinovskaya E. A. , Chhetiani O. G. , Golitsyn G. S. , Lebedev V. A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The height distribution of dust aerosol in the surface layer based on the measurements made in the summer of 2020–2021 under arid conditions on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia is considered. For the profiles of the aerosol concentration under conditions of weak winds, a characteristic gradual slope with an index close to the value of –0.5 is recorded. When the wind strengthens, the profile slope takes on values closer to the degrees known for the conditions of saltation –0.7…–1.0 (and steeper). The observed patterns can be explained by the character of motion of dust particles rising from the hot surface together with the surrounding heated air volume that differs for the fine (<1 μm) and coarse (>1 μm) particle fractions.
New Data on Late Cretaceous Theropods from the Bostobe Formation of Northeastern Aral Sea Region (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Averianov A. O. , Lopatin A.V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Two isolated metatarsals (III and IV) of theropod dinosaurs from the Bostobe Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Santonian–Campanian) of the Shakh-Shakh locality in Kazakhstan are assigned to the representatives of the families Caenagnathidae and Dromaeosauridae, respectively. The metatarsal III of Caena-gnathidae indet. confirms the presence of oviraptorosaurs in the dinosaur assemblage from the Bostobe Formation. This bone is very similar morphologically with the metatarsal III of Elmisaurus rarus Osmólska, 1981 from the Maastrichtian of Mongolia. The metatarsal IV of Dromaeosauridae indet. is characterized by a lateral crest, which among dromaeosaurids is known only for Velociraptor mongoliensis Osborn, 1924 from the Campanian of Mongolia.
The Dimensional Effect and Crystal Morphological Peculiarities of Gibbsite in a Bauxite-Bearing Weathering Crust
Authors: Boeva N. M. , Bortnikov N. S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The correlation between the crystal morphological peculiarities of gibbsite and its position in a bauxite-bearing weathering profile is revealed from the example of the Tsentral’noe deposit of the Chadobets Uplift. The free space favorable for the growth of gibbsite increases from bottom to top in various parts of the profile as a result of infiltration metasomatosis and various physicochemical conditions. The higher the position of the rock, the higher its porosity. The size of the gibbsite crystals thus increases, and their morphology becomes more complex upward through the section. The results of thermal analysis showed that the higher the sizes of the gibbsite crystals, the higher the amount of boehmite forms upon its heating. These conclusions will help the technologists to choose the most feasible reworking scheme of bauxites.
Anomalous Absorption of Smoke Aerosol in the Visible and Near-Infrared Regions of the Spectrum
Authors: Gorchakov G. I. , Gushchin R. A. , Kopeikin V. M. , Karpov A. V. , Semoutnikova E. G. , Datsenko O. I. , Ponomareva T. Ya. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Anomalous absorption of finely dispersed smoke aerosol was recorded in large-scale smoke haze during mass fires in the boreal forests of Alaska in July 2019 in the visible and near-infrared regions of the spectrum (440‒1020 nm) according to the data of monitoring of the spectral dependences in the refractive index imaginary part on the network of AERONET stations. The variations in the spectral dependences of the aerosol optical depths (extinction and absorption), as well as the size distribution function of aerosol particles, are analyzed. During the anomalous absorption, the imaginary part of the refractive index increased by a factor of 1.8‒7.2 with an increasing optical wavelength from 440 to 1020 nm, reaching a value of 0.315 for the wavelength of 1020 nm. A power approximation is proposed for the spectral dependence of the imaginary part of the refractive index with indices of power approximately from 0.7 to 2.3.
First Evidence of the Precambrian Diamond Source of the Siberian Platform: U–Pb LA-ICP-MS Geochronological Studies of Detrital Zircon from Sedimentary Rocks of the Moti Group
Authors: Gladkochub D. P. , Ivanov A. V. , Donskaya T. V. , Motova Z. L. , Brianskiy N. V. , Reshetov E. V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The U–Pb LA-ICP-MS age is analyzed for detrital zircons from diamondiferous sandstones of the Khuzhir Formation of the Moti Group of a sedimentary cover of the south Siberian Platform. Similar ages are determined for two samples with the most representative maxima at 620, 780, 1860, and 2550 Ma and single data within the ranges of 985–1000, 1400–1500, 1150–1190, 2700–2880, and 3225–3230 Ma. The maximum age of sedimentation is 605 ± 6 Ma, which corresponds to the Ediacaran and is close to a period of carbonatite and alkali-silicate magmatism of the region. The Neoproterozoic ages correspond to the age of rocks of the Tuva–Mongolian Terrane of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, and the most ancient maxima are typical of the basement rock complexes of the south Siberian Platform. Our result allows the first substantiation of the Precambrian age of diamondiferous sedimentary rocks of the Khuzhir Formation and therefore indicates the presence of Precambrian diamondiferous rocks within the Siberian Platform.
Jones rational coincidences
Authors: Lawrence Ruth , Rosenstein Ori 
Published: May 2023

We investigate coincidences of the (one-variable) Jones polynomial amongst rational knots, what we call “Jones rational coincidences”. We provide moves on the continued fraction expansion of the associated rational which we prove do not change the Jones polynomial and conjecture (based on experimental evidence from all rational knots with determinant [Formula: see text]) that these moves are sufficient to generate all Jones rational coincidences. In the process we give a new formula for the Jones polynomial of a rational knot based on a continued fraction expansion of the associated rational, which has significantly fewer terms than other formulae known to us. The paper is based on the second author’s Ph.D. thesis and gives an essentially self-contained account.
An improvement of the lower bound for the minimum number of link colorings by quandles
Authors: Abchir H. , Lamsifer S. 
Published: May 2023

We improve the lower bound for the minimum number of colors for linear Alexander quandle colorings of a knot given in Theorem 1.2 of [L. H. Kauffman and P. Lopes, Colorings beyond Fox: The other linear Alexander quandles, Linear Algebra Appl. 548 (2018) 221–258]. We express this lower bound in terms of the degree [Formula: see text] of the reduced Alexander polynomial of the knot. We show that it is exactly [Formula: see text] for L-space knots. Then we apply these results to torus knots and Pretzel knots [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. We note that this lower bound can be attained for some particular knots. Furthermore, we show that Theorem 1.2 quoted above can be extended to links with more than one component.
Generalized Damped Outrigger Systems for Suppressing Multimode Vibrations of Tall Buildings
Authors: Wen Yongkui , Chen Lin , Nagarajaiah Satish 
Published: May 2023

Damped outrigger is a viable means for reducing dynamic responses of tall buildings. This study focuses on generalized damped outrigger (GDO) systems. A GDO is composed of a damper for energy dissipation, a negative stiffness device and an inerter for damping enhancement. The GDO system incorporates GDOs at different floors of the tall building optimized to varied structural modes. Frequency equation of a tall building simplified as a cantilever beam with multiple GDOs is first derived by complex modal analysis. A finite different model of such a system is used for verification. Parametric analyses are then performed to compare damping effects of different GDO systems. It is found that a negative stiffness damped outrigger (NSDO) or inerter damped outrigger (IDO) needs to be optimized for maximizing damping of a specific mode. GDOs, respectively, tuned to different modes can largely improve the multimode damping effects. The optimal parameters of the GDOs are slightly different from those in the case when they are installed separately. With both negative stiffness and nonzero inertance, a GDO still needs to be tuned to a specific mode because multimode damping is sensitive to the damper coefficient. The combination of an NSDO optimized to the first mode and an IDO tuned to a higher mode seems the best solution. The IDO additionally improves the first mode damping provided by the NSDO and the two-mode damping is not sensitive to the damper coefficient of the NSDO. The findings are confirmed through seismic response analyses of a tall building with different GDO systems.
p-Numerical semigroups with p-symmetric properties
Authors: Komatsu Takao , Ying Haotian 
Published: May 2023

The so-called Frobenius number in the famous linear Diophantine problem of Frobenius is the largest integer such that the linear equation [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] are given positive integers with [Formula: see text]) does not have a non-negative integer solution [Formula: see text]. The generalized Frobenius number (called the [Formula: see text]-Frobenius number) is the largest integer such that this linear equation has at most [Formula: see text] solutions. That is, when [Formula: see text], the [Formula: see text]-Frobenius number is the original Frobenius number. In this paper, we introduce and discuss [Formula: see text]-numerical semigroups by developing a generalization of the theory of numerical semigroups based on this flow of the number of representations. That is, for a certain non-negative integer [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-gaps, [Formula: see text]-symmetric semigroups, [Formula: see text]-pseudo-symmetric semigroups, and the like are defined, and their properties are obtained. When [Formula: see text], they correspond to the original gaps, symmetric semigroups and pseudo-symmetric semigroups, respectively.
Optimal strategies for the static black-peg AB game with two and three pegs
Authors: Jäger Gerold , Drewes Frank 
Published: May 2023

The AB Game is a game similar to the popular game Mastermind. We study a version of this game called Static Black-Peg AB Game. It is played by two players, the codemaker and the codebreaker. The codemaker creates a so-called secret by placing a color from a set of [Formula: see text] colors on each of [Formula: see text] pegs, subject to the condition that every color is used at most once. The codebreaker tries to determine the secret by asking questions, where all questions are given at once and each question is a possible secret. As an answer the codemaker reveals the number of correctly placed colors for each of the questions. After that, the codebreaker only has one more try to determine the secret and thus to win the game. For given [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], our goal is to find the smallest number [Formula: see text] of questions the codebreaker needs to win, regardless of the secret, and the corresponding list of questions, called a [Formula: see text]-strategy. We present a [Formula: see text]-strategy for [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text], and a [Formula: see text]-strategy for [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] and show the optimality of both strategies, i.e., we prove that no [Formula: see text]-strategy for a smaller [Formula: see text] exists.
Accounting for Residential Nonpayment Risk for Water Utility Financial Sustainability
Authors: Smull Erika , Doyle Martin 
Published: May 2023

Residential “Nonpayment risk” for water utilities — the risk of revenue loss from residential customers not paying water bills — is a financial risk for water service providers that remains poorly understood. Current rate setting strategies do not explicitly consider nonpayment risk and are generally informed by past payment histories. We develop a new heuristic model to categorize and evaluate water utility pricing (rate setting) strategies that are responsive to the effects of nonpayment (i.e., delinquency) on water utility revenues. The model is the first attempt, to our knowledge, to theorize the impact of residential nonpayment on utility revenues. The method draws on the theory behind the Kelly Criterion, a strategy developed in the mid-20th century now used by investors in portfolio management. The results of our thought exercise show that even excessive nonpayment levels (50% each year) do not negate the effectiveness of rate increases for revenue generation, but that nonpayment management can provide revenue benefits. Without political motives, utilities with high nonpayment may be inclined to continue raising water rates, unless higher water rates result in higher nonpayment levels. As such, we highlight the need to understand “nonpayment elasticity”: the change in nonpayment due to changes in water rates. We illustrate how increased nonpayment elasticity can decrease the percent of potential revenue collected, particularly when water rates are increased substantially. The simple model provides a method to evaluate the financial sustainability of elevated nonpayment rates in water utility management and financial risk analysis.
P2Y12 Inhibitors in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Real-World, Community-Based Comparison of Ischemic and Bleeding Outcomes
Authors: Sachdeva Amit , Mutyala Ratnabhushan , Mantri Neha , Zhu Shiyun , McNulty Edward , Solomon Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Background. Randomized trials have shown superiority of the novel P2Y12 inhibitors over clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but clinical benefit in the community remains controversial. Our objective was to compare the safety and efficacy of clopidogrel to ticagrelor and prasugrel in patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a real-world population. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with ACS who underwent PCI and were discharged with clopidogrel, ticagrelor, or prasugrel from 2012 to 2018 within Kaiser Permanente Northern California. We used Cox proportional hazard models with propensity-score matching to evaluate the association of the P2Y12 agent with the primary outcomes of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and bleeding events. Results. The study included 15,476 patients (93.1% on clopidogrel, 3.6% on ticagrelor and 3.2% on prasugrel). Compared to the clopidogrel group, ticagrelorand prasugrel patients were younger with less comorbidities. In multivariable models with propensity-score matching, we found a lower risk of all-cause mortality in the ticagrelor vs the clopidogrel group (HR (95% CI) 0.43 (0.20–0.92)), but no differences in the other endpoints, and no difference between prasugrel and clopidogrel among any endpoints. A larger proportion of patients on ticagrelor or prasugrel switched to an alternative P2Y12 agent vs. clopidogrel (

p

< 0.01), and a higher level of persistence was seen among patients on clopidogrel vs. ticagrelor (

p

= 0.03) or prasugrel (

p

< 0.01). Conclusion. Among patients with ACS who underwent PCI, we observed a lower risk of all-cause mortality in patients treated with ticagrelor vs clopidogrel, but no difference in other clinical endpoints nor any differences in endpoints between prasugrel vs. clopidogrel users. These results suggest that further study is needed to identify an optimal P2Y12 inhibitor in a real-world population.
A Study on Regular Domination in Vague Graphs with Application
Authors: Shi Xiaolong , Akhoundi Maryam , Talebi A. A. , Mojahedfar Masome 
Published: May 2023

Vague graphs (VGs), which are a family of fuzzy graphs (FGs), are a well-organized and useful tool for capturing and resolving a range of real-world scenarios involving ambiguous data. In graph theory, a dominating set (DS) for a graph

G

∗

=

X
,
E

is a subset

S

of the vertices

X

such that every vertex not in

S

is adjacent to at least one member of

S

. The concept of DS in FGs has received the attention of many researchers due to its many applications in various fields such as computer science and electronic networks. In this paper, we introduce the notion of

ϵ

1

,

ϵ

2

,
2

-Regular vague dominating set and provide some examples to explain various concepts introduced. Also, some results were discussed. Additionally, the

ϵ

1

,

ϵ

2

,
2

-Regular strong (weak) and independent strong (weak) domination sets for vague domination set (VDS) were presented with some theorems to support the context.
How to Turn a Hero into a Comic miles
Authors: Speriani Silvia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper aims, on the one hand, at contributing to the analysis of one of the most enduring stock-characters in Roman comedy: the comic soldier, in its Plautine manifestations in particular. On the other hand, it will shed light on a much more serious soldier: Telamonian Ajax, and his in some way unfortunate reception. Weaving a twofold discussion of such apparently distant figures, I will evaluate the possible echoes of the mighty warrior Ajax in the parodic processes enacted by Plautus’ milites, as well as the role played in turn by these echoes in the Roman reception of Ajax himself. I will show how the Roman Ajax enhanced and developed comic nuances, which can be better understood through the trigger of Plautine memories and play a role in Rome’s own reflection on everchanging criteria for measuring valour.
Case Mortier V. Belgium: The Balance Between the Right to Life and the Right to Respect for Private Life in the Light of Euthanasia
Authors: Walraet Paulien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The case Mortier v. Belgium is the first case where the Court comments on the figure of euthanasia. The area of euthanasia in particular raises the issue of finding a balance between the protection of the patients’ right to life in Article 2 of the Convention and that of the right to respect for his or her private life and personal autonomy in Article 8 of the Convention. The Court confirmed the States must be afforded a margin of appreciation in finding this balance. However, it does not concern an unlimited margin as the Court reserved its power to review the States fulfilment of its obligations under Article 2. After deciding that there had been no breach of article 8 in the performing of euthanasia as such, the Court examined the positive obligation of Belgium to foresee in sufficient safeguards to protect the right to life.
Developmental Machinery in the Third District of Pangasinan and in Naga, Camarines Sur: An Exploratory Comparison
Authors: Eusebio Gerardo V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article investigates how political machineries and direct delivery of developmental goods and services to crucial constituencies were being linked and used in two locales in the Philippines: Third Congressional District of Pangasinan and the City of Naga. In the context of the “developmental machinery,” differences in the two areas’ respective contexts create distinct yet similar machinery and outcomes in terms of both political and socioeconomic development. Utilizing archival research and comparative analysis, this article aims to compare the two experiences in running political machines that are based more on direct people’s participation and direct delivery of goods and services. Preliminary evidence shows that the two are most likely unique political structures that were similarly founded on the principles of broad public participation and credible service delivery. More research is needed to flesh out the comparison, as well as the “model” of developmental machinery.
Risk Factors for Unplanned Returns to the Operating Room in Pediatric Trauma Patients
Authors: Sea Jessica , Grigorian Areg , Swentek Lourdes , Chin Theresa , Goodman Laura F. , Guner Yigit , Nahmias Jeffry 
Published: May 2023

Background Unplanned returns to the operating room (uROR) are associated with worse outcomes including increased complications and length of stay (LOS) in adults. However, the incidence and predictors of uROR for pediatric trauma patients (PTPs) are unknown. This study aimed to identify predictors of uROR for PTPs. Methods The 2017-2019 Trauma Quality Improvement Program database was queried for PTPs 1-16 years-old to compare patients with uROR to those without uROR. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Results From 44 711 PTPs identified, 299 (.7%) underwent uROR. Pediatric trauma patients requiring uROR were older (14 vs 8 years old, P < .001), had a higher rate and associated risk of mortality (8.7% vs 1.4%, P < .001) (OR 6.67, CI 4.43-10.05, P < .001) as well as increased complications including surgical infection (16.4% vs .2%, P < .001) and compartment syndrome (4.7% vs .1%, P < .001). Patients undergoing uROR had increased LOS (18 vs 2 days, P < .001) and intensive care unit LOS (9 vs 3 days, P < .001). Independent associated risk factors for uROR included rectal injury (OR 4.54, CI 2.28-9.04, P < .001), brain injury (OR 3.68, CI 2.71-5.00, P < .001), and gunshot wounds (OR 2.55, CI 1.83-3.56, P < .001). Discussion The incidence of uROR was <1% for PTPs. However, patients requiring uROR had increased LOS and associated risk of death compared to those without uROR. Predictors of uROR included gunshot wounds and injuries to the rectum and brain. Patients with these risk factors should be counseled with efforts made to improve care for these high-risk populations.