bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of spherical covalent organic frameworks for enrichment and quantification of aryl organophosphate esters in mouse serum and tissues
Authors: Wu Yijing , Zheng Wenjun , Chen Canrong , Yang Linyan , Tong Ping , Zhong Yanhui , Lin Zian , Cai Zongwei 
Published: September 2023

Here, an imine‐linked‐based spherical covalent organic framework (COF) was prepared at room temperature. The as‐synthesized spherical COF served as an adsorbent in dispersive solid‐phase extraction (dSPE), by its virtue of great surface area (1542.68 m2/g), regular distribution of pore size (2.95 nm), and excellent stability. Therefore, a simple and high‐efficiency dispersive solid phase extraction method based on a spherical COF coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) was established to determine aryl organophosphate esters in biological samples. This approach displayed favorable linearity in the range of 10.0–1000.0 ng/L (r > 0.9989), a high signal enhancement factor (58.8–181.8 folds) with low limits of detection (0.3–3.3 ng/L). Moreover, it could effectively eliminate complex matrix interference to accurately extract seven aryl organophosphate esters from mouse serum and tissue samples with spiked recoveries of 82.0%–117.4%. The as‐synthesized spherical COF has been successfully applied in sample preparation. The dSPE‐HPLC‐MS/MS method based on a spherical COF has potential application to study the pollutants' metabolism in vivo.
Evaluation of a 3‐year teledermoscopy project in primary healthcare centres in Belgium
Authors: Damsin Thomas , Canivet Grégory , Jacquemin Pauline , Seidel Laurence , Absil Gilles , Giet Didier , Gillet Pierre , Nikkels Arjen F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the increasing incidence of skin cancer and limited access to specialised care, teledermoscopy (TDS) may represent a useful triage tool for skin cancer detection.ObjectivesAn evaluation of a 3‐year TDS project in primary healthcare centres (PHCs) in Belgium (TELESPOT project).MethodsA total of nine PHCs were trained to use an in‐house developed smartphone‐based application for macroscopic and dermoscopic acquisition of skin lesions, subsequently analysed independently by two investigators in a tertiary university skin cancer centre. The primary outcome was the proportion of high‐priority management (HPM) recommendations. Secondary outcomes included the TDS diagnoses, the quality of image acquisition, the mean time between HPM recommendations and subsequent surgery, the correlation between HPM reports and histopathology after surgery as well as patient and general practitioner satisfaction scores. All the endpoints were compared between the initial year of the TDS project and the subsequent 2‐year extension period of the study.ResultsOver 3 years, a total of 478 lesions were analysed in 335 patients: initial phase (105 lesions from 76 patients in six PHCs) and extension phase (373 lesions from 259 patients in nine PHCs). An HPM was recommended in 9.2% (initial and extension phases: 7.6% and 15.7%, respectively). The dermoscopic‐histological correlation achieved 84.1%. The median delay between HPM and surgery was 9 days.ConclusionsThis TDS project avoided unnecessary tertiary care visits in about 9 out of 10 cases, increased the HPM by a ninefold in comparison with the conventional care pathway and provided excellent satisfaction levels for PHCs and patients. Long‐term participation improved the triage quality for suspect skin lesions by 2.24‐fold.
Smart Biomaterials in Biomedical Applications: Current Advances and Possible Future Directions
Authors: Cecen Berivan , Hassan Shabir , Li Xin , Zhang Yu Shrike 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSmart biomaterials with the capacity to alter their properties in response to an outside stimulus or from within the environment around them have picked up significant attention in the biomedical community. This is primarily due to the interest in their biomedical applications that may be anticipated from them in a considerable number of dynamic structures and devices. Shape‐memory materials are some of these materials that have been exclusively used for these applications. They exhibit unique structural reconfiguration features they adapt as per the provided environmental conditions and can be designed for their enhanced biocompatibility. Numerous research initiatives have focused on these smart biocompatible materials over the last few decades to enhance their biomedical applications. Shape‐memory materials play a significant role in this regard to meet new surgical and medical devices’ requirements for special features and utility cases. Because of the favorable design variety, different biomedical shape‐memory materials can be developed by modifying their chemical and physical behaviors to accommodate the desired requirements. In this review, recent advances and characteristics of smart biomaterials for biomedical applications are described. The authors also discuss about their clinical translations in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and medical devices.
Water‐Soluble Squaramide‐Functionalized Copolymers for Anion Recognition
Authors: Lane Jakob D. E. , Shiels Gabrielle , Ramamurthi Parathan , Müllner Markus , Jolliffe Katrina A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA series of ethylene glycol‐based squaramide‐containing copolymers are synthesized via a post‐polymerization functionalization strategy. Conversion of polymeric amines to squaramides is found to proceed in good yields, representing a versatile method of incorporating squaramides into polymers for anion recognition. Analysis of the polymers by UV‐Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that anion binding takes place similarly to that of small‐molecule squaramides. The presence of a fluorescent sensing group on polymer‐bound squaramides allowed for a fluorescent sensing mechanism for anions that followed a similar trend in selectivity in aqueous DMSO solution, with selectivity observed for H2PO4−, AcO− and SO42− over other common anions tested. The anion response and selectivity towards anions is similar to that of analogous small‐molecule squaramides, however polymeric squaramides exhibited a greater resistance to deprotonation by more basic anions, which is attributed to the closer proximity of individual squaramides on a macromolecule. The squaramide‐containing polymers exhibited good water solubility, overcoming a common problem for anion sensors which are typically not sufficiently soluble in water to function in many required applications. Despite no anion binding being observed in water, this study represents a simple and effective method of creating fully water‐soluble anion receptors which may be adapted to give improved binding affinity and selectivity depending on the anion binding moiety.
Assessing the impact of pure market, government, and social organization interaction on the effectiveness of public service procurement
Authors: Li Xiaohan , Lv Yang , Liu Yibo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study employs qualitative comparative analysis to investigate the effects of different interaction modes, namely, functional substitution and strategic cooperation, on the effectiveness of public service procurement. It reveals that the interaction between the government and social organizations in China's current public service procurement presents a composite form, combining functional substitution and strategic cooperation. Government support for social organizations plays a critical role in procurement effectiveness. The greater the government support, the higher the effectiveness of public service procurement. The study finds that “pure market” and “pure competition” do not necessarily contribute positively to the effectiveness of public service procurement.
Understanding your audience: The influence of social media user‐type on informational behaviors and hazard adjustments during Hurricane Dorian
Authors: Silver Amber , Behlendorf Brandon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 2019, Hurricane Dorian affected Atlantic Canada with widespread impacts across the region. In the days preceding landfall, there was a great deal of discussion about the storm and its potential impacts. This discussion also extended onto Twitter, which provided a platform for users to engage with storm‐related information. In this research, we disseminated a questionnaire to residents of Atlantic Canada from late September to late October through Qualtrics, an online survey provider. The questionnaire explored how Twitter influenced respondents' (n = 1218) self‐reported informational behaviors (i.e., searching, sharing, and processing) and behavioral responses before, during, and after the storm. The results demonstrate that users' informational needs and preferences were closely related to their online behaviors. For example, conduits (i.e., those who both searched for and shared information) were highly proactive users who disseminated information about evacuations, recommended protective actions, and other official guidance more so than others. Conduits were also the most likely to heed official guidance in terms of their own preparedness and response. Amplifiers (i.e., those who only share information) and consumers (i.e., those who only search for information) were also motivated to take action by information they saw online, albeit at lower rates than conduits. Lastly, the results demonstrate that users can be positively influenced by information they see online even if they do not actively engage with it. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that Twitter users may interact with storm‐related information in more nuanced and complex ways than previously understood.
A branch‐and‐price‐and‐cut algorithm for the truck‐drone routing problem with simultaneously delivery and pickup
Authors: Li Dongwei , Ignatius Joshua , Wang Dujuan , Yin Yunqiang , Cheng T.C.E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreasing environmental concerns and e‐commerce has attracted a growing focus on reverse logistics that not only delivers some goods to customers but also picks up other goods from customers. To achieve cost‐efficient and fast deliveries, integrating drones into the delivery and pickup services provides a competitive advantage, which however increases the operational challenges. We consider a truck‐drone routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup, where each truck carries a set of heterogeneous drones. Each truck can simultaneously perform its own delivery and pickup, and serve as an intermediate movable depot from which multiple drones can be dispatched to serve customers when the truck arrives at a customer, and the truck must wait until all the drones return. The energy consumption of drones is considered during their flights. All the delivery services must be performed, whereas the pickup services are optional with certain rewards. The objective is to find the synthetic‐routes of the truck‐drone combinations so as to minimize the sum of the assignment cost and the transport cost of the trucks and drones minus the total pickup revenue. To solve the problem, we devise a tailored branch‐and‐price‐and‐cut algorithm incorporating a specialized two‐stage bidirectional labeling algorithm to solve the challenging pricing problem. To enhance the efficiency of the algorithm, we use the subset‐row inequalities to tighten the lower bound, and apply some heuristic pricing strategies to quickly solve the pricing problem. We perform extensive numerical studies to assess the performance of the developed algorithm, analyze the merit of the truck‐drone cooperative service mode over the truck‐only service mode and the superiority of the configuration with heterogeneous drones, and ascertain the impacts of the key model parameters to generate managerial insights. We also show how our model would perform should it be used for the medical supply delivery and pickup in Shenzhen, China.
The collagen landscape in cancer: profiling collagens in tumors and in circulation reveals novel markers of cancer‐associated fibroblast subtypes
Authors: Thorlacius‐Ussing Jeppe , Jensen Christina , Nissen Neel I , Cox Thomas R , Kalluri Raghu , Karsdal Morten , Willumsen Nicholas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) deposit and remodel collagens in the tumor stroma, impacting cancer progression and efficacy of interventions. CAFs are the focus of new therapeutics with the aim of normalizing the tumor microenvironment. To do this, a better understanding of CAF heterogeneity and collagen composition in cancer is needed. In this study, we sought to profile the expression of collagens at multiple levels with the goal of identifying cancer biomarkers. We investigated the collagen expression pattern in various cell types and CAF subtypes in a publicly available single‐cell RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) dataset of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Next, we investigated the collagen expression profile in tumor samples across cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and evaluated if specific patterns of collagen expression were associated with prognosis. Finally, we profiled circulating collagen peptides using a panel of immunoassays to measure collagen fragments in the serum of cancer patients. We found that pancreatic stellate cells and fibroblasts were the primary producers of collagens in the pancreas. COL1A1, COL3A1, COL5A1, COL6A1 were expressed in all CAF subtypes, whereas COL8A1, COL10A1, COL11A1, COL12A1 were specific to myofibroblast CAFs (myCAF) and COL14A1 specific to inflammatory CAFs (iCAF). In TCGA database, myCAF collagens COL10A1 and COL11A1 were elevated across solid tumor types, and multiple associations between high expression and worse survival were found. Finally, circulating collagen biomarkers were elevated in the serum of patients with cancer relative to healthy controls with COL11A1 (myCAF) having the best diagnostic accuracy of the markers measured. In conclusion, CAFs express a noncanonical collagen profile with specific collagen subtypes associated with iCAFs and myCAFs in PDAC. These collagens are deregulated at the cellular, tumor, and systemic levels across different solid tumors and associate with survival. These findings could lead to new discoveries such as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the Balance Program to reduce pain‐related disability in pediatric sickle cell disease
Authors: Connolly Megan E. , Forman Sydney , Sharkey Christina M. , Merwin Stephanie , Darbari Deepika S. , Hardy Steven J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) pain is associated with functional impairment, and treatment is often limited to pharmacological approaches with unwanted side effects. Although behavioral interventions exist for non‐SCD pain populations, interventions designed to address pain‐related impairment in SCD are lacking.MethodsTwenty youth (9‐17 years) with SCD completed a four‐week telemedicine pain intervention (NCT04388241). Participants and caregivers completed baseline and post‐intervention PROMIS pain measures and the Treatment Evaluation Inventory‐Short Form (TEI‐SF). Descriptive analyses assessed feasibility and acceptability. Reliable Change Index analyses assessed for significant post‐intervention changes in pain functioning. Paired t test analyses compared baseline and post‐intervention opioid prescription fills.ResultsAll participants completed at least one treatment session. Eighteen (90%) youth completed all sessions. Youth (100%) and caregivers (94%) rated the intervention as moderately or highly acceptable on the TEI‐SF. Forty‐seven percent of caregivers and 44% of youth reported reliably significant improvements in pain interference after the intervention (median T‐score differences: 24.8 and 23.5, respectively). Sixty‐five percent of caregivers (T‐score improvement difference: 19.3) and 31% of youth (T‐score improvement difference: 32) reported improvements in pain behaviors. There was no significant difference in opioid prescription fills pre‐ and post‐intervention (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe Balance Program is feasible, highly acceptable, and can be delivered remotely to reduce barriers to care. Approximately half of youth and caregivers reported significant declines in pain interference following the intervention, with substantial improvements in functioning for treatment responders. Behavioral pain interventions are important adjunctive treatments to uniquely address functional impairment associated with acute and chronic pain in SCD.
Pharmacoepidemiological research at the Medicines Monitoring Unit, Scotland: data protection and confidentiality
Authors: Evans Josie M. M. , McNaughton David , Donnan Peter T. , MacDonald Thomas M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO) is a University‐based organization that uses record‐linkage techniques to construct an observational database for the population of Tayside, Scotland (approximately 400 000 people). This contains healthcare data indexed by a unique identifier, including data on all prescriptions dispensed, which facilitates pharmacoepidemiological (and other) research. It has hitherto been possible to carry out drug safety studies in the entire population, with access to original medical records of patients where necessary, that have satisfied ethical concerns and confidentiality legislation. However, the recent UK Data Protection Act 1998 (which enforces the 1995 European Directive on Data Protection) has important implications for MEMO's research. The Act has necessitated changes to the way in which research studies are carried out, with MEMO's objective being to ensure that research can continue while protecting the rights and privacy of individual patients. This involves anonymization of data, seeking specific ethical approval for research studies and obtaining relevant permissions from ‘Caldicott Guardians’, as described in this article. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphomics‐informed population pharmacokinetic and physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling to optimize cefazolin surgical prophylaxis
Authors: Liu Shuhan , Matvekas Aleksas , Naimi Tamara , Ghanem Aws , Li Ruiting , Rajanayake Krishani , Derstine Brian , Ross Brian , Sullivan June , Yun Hyun Gi , Regenbogen Scott , Byrn John , Su Grace , Wang Stewart , Pai Manjunath P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCefazolin is the leading antibiotic used to prevent surgical site infections worldwide. Consensus guidelines recommend adjustment of the cefazolin dose above and below 120 kg without regard to body composition. Algorithms exist to repurpose radiologic data into body composition (morphomics) and inform dosing decisions in obesity.ObjectivesTo compare the current standard of body weight to morphomic measurements as covariates of cefazolin pharmacokinetics and aid dose stratification of cefazolin in patients with obesity undergoing colorectal surgery.MethodsThis prospective study measured cefazolin plasma, fat, and colon tissue concentrations in colorectal surgery patients in order to develop a morphomics‐informed population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model to guide dose adjustments. A physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was also constructed to inform tissue partitioning in morbidly obese patients (n = 21, body mass index ≥35 kg/m2 with one or more co‐morbid conditions).ResultsMorphomics and pharmacokinetic data were available in 58 patients with a median [min, max] weight and age of 95.9 [68.5, 148.8] kg and 55 [25, 79] years, respectively. The plasma‐to‐subcutaneous fat partition coefficient was predicted to be 0.072 and 0.060 by the PopPK and PBPK models, respectively. The estimated creatinine clearance (eCLcr) and body depth at the third lumbar vertebra (body depth_L3) were identified as covariates of cefazolin exposure. The probability of maintaining subcutaneous fat concentrations above 2 μg/mL for 100% of a 4‐h surgical period was below 90% when eCLcr ≥105 mL/min and body depth_L3 ≥ 300 mm and less sensitive to the rate of infusion between 5 and 60 min.ConclusionsKidney function and morphomics were more informative than body weight as covariates of cefazolin target site exposure. Data from more diverse populations, consensus on target cefazolin exposure, and comparative studies are needed before a change in practice can be implemented.
Proteomics contributions to epigenetic drug discovery
Authors: Noberini Roberta , Bonaldi Tiziana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe combined activity of epigenetic features, which include histone post‐translational modifications, DNA methylation, and nucleosome positioning, regulates gene expression independently from changes in the DNA sequence, defining how the shared genetic information of an organism is used to generate different cell phenotypes. Alterations in epigenetic processes have been linked with a multitude of diseases, including cancer, fueling interest in the discovery of drugs targeting the proteins responsible for writing, erasing, or reading histone and DNA modifications. Mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomics has emerged as a versatile tool that can assist drug discovery pipelines from target validation, through target deconvolution, to monitoring drug efficacy in vivo. Here, we provide an overview of the contributions of MS‐based proteomics to epigenetic drug discovery, describing the main approaches that can be used to support different drug discovery pipelines and highlighting how they contributed to the development and characterization of epigenetic drugs.
Stretchable conductive Janus hydrogel with controllable porous structures for high‐performance strain sensing
Authors: Zhang Shi‐Yuan , Pan Da‐Wei , Fan Hai‐Dong , Shi Lu , Yang Yi‐Min , Liu Zhuang , Ju Xiao‐Jie , Xie Rui , Wang Wei , Chu Liang‐Yin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA stretchable conductive Janus hydrogel with controllable porous structures is developed for highly sensitive monitoring of human motion. The Janus porous structure of the hydrogel is fabricated using patterned single‐layer droplets produced by microfluidics as pore‐forming templates. The hydrogel possess dual‐crosslinked polymeric networks to achieve good stretchability (480%), which allows fully cover the stretching range of human skin (usually <200%). Meanwhile, the hydrogel possess controllable Janus porous structures with local strain/stress enhancement to achieve high sensitivity (GF = 5.2) for strain‐sensing. The Janus hydrogel shows fast response for stretching (175 ms) and recovery (170 ms), and good durability (200 cycles at 50% strain). The conductive Janus hydrogel with high sensitivity and good mechanical properties are promising for developing soft wearable sensors in fields such as human health monitoring and human motion detection.