bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twelve‐month psychosocial outcomes of continuous glucose monitoring with behavioural support in parents of young children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Commissariat Persis V. , DiMeglio Linda A. , Kanapka Lauren G. , Laffel Lori M. , Miller Kellee M. , Anderson Barbara J. , Hilliard Marisa E. ,   the Strategies to Enhance New CGM Use in Early Childhood (SENCE) Study Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimManaging type 1 diabetes in young children can cause significant stress for parents. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may reduce parental burden. The Strategies to Enhance CGM Use in Early Childhood (SENCE) trial randomized parents of children (ages 2 to <8 years) with type 1 diabetes to CGM with family behavioural intervention (CGM + FBI), CGM alone (Standard‐CGM) or blood glucose monitoring for 26 weeks before receiving CGM + FBI (BGM‐Crossover). This report assesses changes in psychosocial outcomes for all groups over 52 weeks.MethodsCGM + FBI (n = 45), Standard‐CGM (n = 42) and BGM‐Crossover (n = 44) participants completed psychosocial assessments at baseline, 26 weeks and 52 weeks. Repeated measures linear regression models evaluated change within and between treatment groups.ResultsThe BGM‐Crossover group reported improved diabetes burden (Δ −6.9, 95% CI [−11.3, −2.6], p = 0.003), fear of hypoglycaemia (Δ −6.4, CI [−10.1, −2.6], p = 0.002) and technology satisfaction (Δ 7.3, CI [2.4, 12.2], p = 0.005) from 26 to 52 weeks, similar to published findings in the CGM + FBI group over the first 26 weeks. The Standard‐CGM group reported increased technology satisfaction (Δ 7.3, CI [0.6, 14.0], p = 0.027) from baseline to 52 weeks. The CGM + FBI group reported less diabetes burden and fear of hypoglycaemia from baseline to 52 weeks, but changes were not statistically significant. Scores from 26 to 52 weeks did not deteriorate.ConclusionsParents demonstrated psychosocial benefits following FBI that appeared to maintain without additional intervention. CGM‐focused education with behavioural support likely helps parents of young children with type 1 diabetes reduce burden and worry in the short‐ and long‐term.
Domain‐specific relationships of subjective and objective cognition in epilepsy
Authors: Hohmann Louisa , Berger Justus , Kastell Shirley‐Uloma , Holtkamp Martin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveMany people with epilepsy report subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), i.e., problems with memory, attention, or executive functions, reducing quality of life. Nevertheless, overlap with objective cognitive impairment (OCI) is often weak. One reason may be a domain‐specific mismatch between subjective reports and objective tests. We aimed to evaluate relations between SCI and OCI of corresponding domains and to assess whether these differ between persons who over‐ or underestimate their performance.MethodsIn this prospective, cross‐sectional sample of 104 adult inpatients with epilepsy, we performed multiple regression analyses predicting SCI in the domains attention, memory, and executive functions. We tested relationships with measures of psychomotor speed, short‐term memory, verbal learning, verbal delayed recall, and word fluency while controlling for age, sex, seizure frequency, structural lesions, mono‐ versus polytherapy and adverse events of antiseizure medication (ASM), depressive and anxiety symptoms, level of education, and employment status. Furthermore, we tested whether these relationships differed between realistic raters and over‐ and underestimators.ResultsWe found domain‐specific relations for attention and executive functions for the full sample, explaining a small proportion of variance of SCI (general dominance index = .03 and .004), whereas ASM adverse events and psychological variables were more important predictors. When dividing the sample according to the concordance of SCI and OCI, we found high frequencies of both over‐ (23%–46%) and underestimation (31%–35%) depending on the domain. The explanatory power of OCI for SCI was stronger within the subgroups compared to the full sample, suggesting nonlinear relationships and different underlying mechanisms for realistic raters, underestimators, and overestimators.SignificanceDomain‐specific SCI and OCI are related, and both should be assessed with standardized instruments. These relationships differ between over‐ and underestimators as well as realistic raters. Based on the concordance of self‐ratings and objective measures, tailored counseling and treatment should be offered.
Synthesis and application evaluation in lithium battery furnace of mullite insulating refractory bricks from tailings
Authors: Wang Hailu , Li Yuanbing , Yin Bo , Li Shujing , He Xiaohong , Xiang Ruofei , Qiao Zhe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn order to realize efficient and comprehensive utilization of kyanite tailings (KT) mullite insulating firebrick (M‐IFB) with high strength and low thermal conductivity with spherical‐low connectivity porous were success fully prepared by using KT and alumina as the main raw material. Control of the porosity and properties of mullite insulating firebrick can be easily and accurately achieved by adjusting the heat treatment temperature and the amount of forming agent. The compressive strengths, bulk density, thermal conductivities, liner change, and porosities ranged from 25.86–53.26 MPa, .58–1.61 g/cm3, .236–.599 W/(m·K), −1.01 to −.426 % and 66.89 to 78.63 %, respectively. The creep rate of M‐IFB was compared with that of current insulating bricks after them used in the baking kiln of lithium ion battery cathode materials in the laboratory to simulate the environment. The results show that the M‐IFB corrosion resistance was obviously superior to the current insulation bricks. The high porosity high strength mullite insulating firebrick prepared by this method is expected to be used in thermal insulation system of kiln to realize the comprehensive utilization of solid waste.
Exploring the N‐shaped EKC in the top tourist destinations. Empirical evidence from cross‐country analysis
Authors: Faisal Faisal , Rahman Sami Ur , Khan Awais , Ali Adnan , Irshaid Mahmoud Abdelkarim , Amin Muhammad Yusuf 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTourism, energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development (FD) have serious consequences on environmental quality, which have gained attention of researchers. This research study attempts to highlight the impact of these variables on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the Asian top‐four tourism countries, namely, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong. To achieve these objectives, the study applied Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) econometric technique to estimate the long‐run relationship, using annual data. Moreover, the study also applied the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test to identify the direction of the causality. The findings of the study show that energy consumption and trade openness have a negative impact on CO2 emissions. Moreover, tourism and FDI affect carbon emissions positively. Moreover, the study also validated the N‐shaped environmental Kuznets curve in these countries, indicating that economic growth positively influences carbon emissions in the early stages. However, in the middle stage, economic growth positively affects CO2 emissions, while in the later stage, it affects positively. Further, a unidirectional causality has been found from trade, economic growth and tourist arrivals to FD. Furthermore, based on empirical findings, the study suggests various policy implications for the government of the top‐four Asian tourist countries.
Efficacy of a school‐based intervention to influence attitudes about future parenting among Swedish youth with intellectual disability: An RCT study
Authors: Höglund Berit , Janeslätt Gunnel , Arvidsson Patrik , Randell Eva 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe study aim was to investigate the efficacy of an intervention designed to provide a basis for informed choices about future parenthood to special upper secondary school students with intellectual disabilities.MethodsA randomised trial with a waiting list control group was used. In total, 108 special upper secondary school students with mild or moderate intellectual disabilities, age 16–21 years, provided informed consent and participated. The intervention included education using the Parenting Toolkit and a Real Care Baby simulator. The analyses included 91 students (intervention group n = 46, 24F/22M; control group n = 45, 26F/19M).ResultsThe result showed that intervention group changed their attitudes to future parenting, from ‘do not know’ to ‘know’, significantly more than control group. The intervention increased knowledge levels in the intervention group.ConclusionsThe intervention group showed increased ability to make informed choices and decisions about parenthood.
An environmental resistance model to inform the biogeography of aquatic invasions in complex stream networks
Authors: Olivos J. Andrés , Arismendi Ivan , Penaluna Brooke E. , Flitcroft Rebecca , Huertas Herrera Alejandro , Firman Julie , Giannico Guillermo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimFreshwater invasions are a global conservation issue. Emerging tools for biogeographical analyses can provide critical information for their effective management and monitoring. Here, we propose a method to assess the distribution of environmental resistance of stream ecosystems to biological invasions by coupling multi‐stage habitat potential models for non‐native species.LocationAndean Patagonia (Chile and Argentina).TaxaNorth American beaver (Castor canadensis), Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho salmon (O. kisutch).MethodsEnvironmental resistance to invasive species was mapped throughout a large region of Patagonia by stacking multi‐stage habitat relationships for each target species and assessing the complementation between critical habitats at multiple scales. We generated an environmental model of stream networks derived from high‐resolution topographic and climatic data representing 15,406 drainage basins (>1 km2) covering an area of 369,791 km2. We quantified the intrinsic potential of stream‐reaches (100‐m and 1000‐m) to sustain high‐quality habitats and assessed habitat complementation (i.e., abundance and proximity) at the sub‐basin scale as a proxy for environmental resistance.ResultsOur model revealed high heterogeneity in the distribution of environmental resistance to invasions throughout the study region, providing case‐specific insights for the research and management of invaders.Main ConclusionsEnvironmental resistance modelling is a novel method to study the biogeography of riverine invasions. Our approach is compatible with additional sources of information about species and the environment and shows versatility to diverse invasion scenarios and data sources. This method can be useful in prioritising research and management of incipient and spreading invasions, especially for large and data‐poor regions.
Remineralization, color stability and surface roughness of tooth enamel brushed with activated charcoal‐based products
Authors: Maciel João Lucas Borim , Geng Vivanco Rocio , Pires‐de‐Souza Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of activated charcoal‐based (AC) products on color alteration, remineralizing potential and surface roughness of dental enamel.Materials and MethodsBovine incisors were cut into 6 × 6 × 2 mm fragments. Initial color (EasyShade, Vita) and surface roughness (Surfcorder SE1700, Kosakalab) readings were performed. Fragments were separated into five groups (n = 17) according to the treatment: Control: Fluoride toothpaste (Colgate Total 12, Colgate); Charcoal + NaF: AC toothpaste (ACT) with sodium fluoride (Colgate Natural Extracts, Colgate); Charcoal + MFP + n‐HA: ACT with sodium monofluorophosphate and nanohydroxyapatite (Black is White, Curaprox); Charcoal: Fluoride‐free ACT (ProActive, Hinode); and Charcoal powder: AC powder. Simulated toothbrushing was performed and final color and surface roughness readings were obtained. Fragments were then polished, and initial microhardness (HMV‐2, Shimatzu) readings were done. Samples were artificially demineralized and brushed again. Final microhardness readings were taken. Data were statistically analyzed.ResultsFluoride‐free charcoal presented the lowest surface roughness alteration (p < 0.05). Charcoal powder had the lowest color change (p < 0.05) and negative values for whiteness index for dentistry alteration. All the groups presented values below whiteness acceptability threshold and negative relative microhardness values. Control showed the highest remineralizing potential (p < 0.05).ConclusionsACPs did not produce color alteration different from the fluoride toothpaste, except for Charcoal powder that caused less color change. ACPs caused surface roughness alteration similar to the fluoride toothpaste. ACT with fluoride and AC powder did not have remineralizing potential.Clinical SignificanceActivated charcoal‐based products (ACP) promise effective tooth whitening and quick results, without teeth damage. In addition, some ACPs contain fluoride in toothpaste composition and promise rehardening potential. However, ACPs are not as effective as other whitening agents and can alter the surface roughness of the enamel. Even if the ACPs contain fluoride or other remineralizing agents, they might be ineffective.
The preliminary exploration of immune microenvironment in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucosal fibrosis: A comparative immunohistochemical study
Authors: Cai Xinjia , Zhang Jianyun , Peng Yinghong , Yao Zhigang , Huang Junhui , Tang Qian , Bai Jiaying , Yan Jing , Li Long , Zhang Heyu , Li Tiejun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis is a high‐risk oral potentially malignant disorder, but little is known about its immune microenvironment.MethodsThirty samples of oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis, 30 oral leukoplakia samples, and 30 oral submucous fibrosis samples were collected from two hospitals. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze expression of T cell biomarkers [CD3, CD4, CD8, and Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)], a B cell biomarker (CD20), macrophage biomarkers (CD68 and CD163), an immune inhibitory receptor ligand (PD‐L1), and Ki‐67.ResultsThe numbers of CD3+ (p < 0.001), CD4+ (p = 0.018), and CD8+ (p = 0.031) cells in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis were less than those in oral leukoplakia. The number of CD4+ cells (p = 0.035) in oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral leukoplakia was higher than that in oral submucous fibrosis. More CD3+(p < 0.001), CD4+(p < 0.001), Foxp3+(p = 0.019), and CD163+(p = 0.029) cells were found in oral leukoplakia than in oral submucous fibrosis.ConclusionVarious levels of immune infiltration were observed among oral leukoplakia concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia, and oral submucous fibrosis. Characterization of the immune microenvironment may contribute to personalized immunotherapy.
Implementation of virtual OSCE in health professions education: A systematic review
Authors: Chan See Chai Carol , Choa George , Kelly James , Maru Devina , Rashid Mohammed Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has been widely used in health professions education since the 1970s. The global disruption caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic restricted in‐person assessments and medical educators globally sought alternative means to assess and certify students and trainees to meet the acute demand for health‐care workers. One such solution was through virtual OSCE (vOSCE), which modified traditional in‐person OSCE using videoconference platforms. This meta‐ethnography sought to synthesise qualitative literature on candidates' and assessors' experiences of vOSCE to evaluate whether it may have a role in future assessment practices.MethodsIn June 2022, we systematically searched PsycINFO, Medline and ERIC for peer‐reviewed qualitative and mixed‐methods articles that described candidates' and assessors' experiences of virtual OSCE in health professions education. Of 1069 articles identified, 17 were synthesised using meta‐ethnography.ResultsThe final synthesis represented 1190 candidates and assessors from faculties of medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy and osteopathy. We developed our findings into four key concepts. ‘Strengthening confidence in a virtual environment’ highlighted attempts to overcome and mitigate concerns associated with transitioning from in‐person to virtual assessment. ‘Understanding the scope of use as an assessment’ reflected on the suitability of vOSCE in assessing various skills. ‘Refining operational processes’ emphasised the technical challenges of implementing vOSCE and impacts on accessibility and resources. ‘Envisioning its future role’ considered the applicability of vOSCE in the climate of rapid development in telehealth.ConclusionThis meta‐ethnography highlighted that although vOSCE was primarily considered a temporary and crisis response, candidates and assessors recognised positive, as well as negative, consequences of the transition towards them. Moving forward, medical education policymakers should carefully consider the extent to which elements of vOSCE could be incorporated into assessment systems, particularly in light of the rise of telehealth in clinical practice.
Influences of the community and consumer nutrition environment on the food purchases and dietary behaviors of adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Shaw Sarah , Barrett Millie , Shand Calum , Cooper Cyrus , Crozier Sarah , Smith Dianna , Barker Mary , Vogel Christina 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAdolescence is a period of increased autonomy over decision‐making, including food choices, and increased exposure to influences outside the home, including the food environment. This review aims to synthesize the evidence for the influence of community nutrition environments, spatial access to food outlets, and consumer nutrition environments, environments inside food outlets, on adolescent food purchasing and dietary behaviors in high‐income countries. Six databases were searched for articles published before January 2023. Results were synthesized using a vote‐counting technique and effect direction plots that record the direction of the effect in relation to the anticipated relationship with health. Thirty‐four observational and two intervention studies met the inclusion criteria. In the 13 studies assessing adolescent exposure to healthy community nutrition environments, results did not show clear associations with dietary and purchasing outcomes. Thirty studies assessed adolescents' exposure to unhealthy community nutrition environments with the majority (n = 17/30, 57%) reporting results showing that greater exposure to food outlets classified as unhealthy was associated with less healthy food purchases and dietary intakes. Inconsistent results were observed across the seven studies investigating associations with the consumer environment. Further research in these areas, including more high‐quality intervention studies, may help to develop policy strategies to improve adolescents' dietary behaviors.
Evaluation of antinociceptive effect and pharmacological mechanisms of thiocyanoacetamide in rats
Authors: Ben Othman Amal , Ben Ali Ridha , Ben Akacha Azaiez , El May Michèle Véronique 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveAcute pain is the most common type of pain. The aim of the present work was carried out to study the antinociceptive effect and pharmacological mechanisms of thiocyanoacetamide (Thm) in rats exposed to thermal pain stimulus.Materials and MethodsThe anti‐nociceptive effect of the newly synthesized compound, Thm was studied in comparison to that of paracetamol (Para), dexamethasone (Dex), and morphine (Morph) at different doses using a hot plate test at a constant temperature of 48.0 ± 0.5°C. During this test, the latency time (LT) was measured when rats express pain behavior. Then, the pharmacological mechanisms were determined using receptor‐antagonist drugs.ResultsFirstly, the obtained result showed pain modulation of the pretreated rats with Thm at 10 mg/kg dose proved by the delay of latency time during the thermal test. This significant antinociceptive activity of the thiocyanoacetamide was more effective than that of paracetamol or dexamethasone and less than that of morphine. Second, the pretreatment with acebutolol or risperidone antagonist drugs of, respectively, adrenergic and serotonin receptors demonstrated the elimination of pain modulation with Thm 10 mg/kg dose proved by a short latency time of rat's response in hot plate test. In this case, the pharmacological mechanism of Thm was characterized by the involvement of adrenergic and serotoninergic systems.ConclusionsIt may be concluded that Thm constitutes a promising antinociceptive drug including beta‐adrenergic and serotoninergic targets. The present study warrants further investigation to determine the side effects of this compound.
Failure to thrive among asylum‐seeking children: A descriptive study from Turkey
Authors: Bulucu Büyüksoy Gizem Deniz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to determine failure to thrive among asylum‐seeking children.DesignThe study was a descriptive study.SampleThe sample of the study comprised of 187 children who were registered in an Afghan Association. The power of the study was found to be 97% at 0.5% (moderate) effect size and 95% confidence level.MeasurementsThe data was collected between November 8, 2021 and January 10, 2022 using a sociodemographic form and the children's anthropometric measurement.Results57.2% of children were male and 44.9% were 6–12 years old. It was determined that female and male infants less than 1 year of age were underweight (z‐score = −2) and male infants were stunting (z‐score ≤−1).ConclusionsChildhood growth and development problems are significant issues among asylum‐seeking families. Public health nurses need to develop their roles in organizing the healthcare service for vulnerable and underrepresented groups.