bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antennal transcriptome analysis of odorant-binding proteins and characterization of GOBP2 in the variegated cutworm Peridroma saucia
Authors: Dong Jun-Feng , Wang Ke , Sun Ya-Lan , Tian Cai-Hong , Wang Shao-Li 
Published: August 2023

Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are expressed at extremely high concentrations in the chemo-sensilla lymph of insects and have long been thought to be crucial for delivering the semiochemicals to the odorant receptors. They are represented by multiple classes: general odorant-binding proteins (GOBP1 and GOBP2) and pheromone-binding proteins. In the current study, we identified a total of 35 OBPs in the antennal transcriptome of Peridroma saucia, a worldwide pest that causes serious damage to various crops. A gene expression value (TPM, transcripts per million) analysis revealed that seven OBPs (PsauPBP1/2/3, PsauGOBP1/2, PsauOBP6, and PsauOBP8) were highly abundant in the antennae. Next, we focused on the expression and functional characterization of PsauGOBP2. Real-time quantitative-PCR analysis demonstrated that PsauGOBP2 was predominantly expressed in the antennae of both sexes. Fluorescence binding assays showed that the recombinant PsauGOBP2 strongly binds to the female sex pheromone components Z11-16: Ac (Ki = 4.2 μM) and Z9-14: Ac (Ki = 4.9 μM) and binds moderately (6 µM ≤ Ki ≤ 13 µM) to the host plant volatiles phenylethyl acetate, β-myrcene, and dodecanol. Further 3D structural modeling and molecular docking revealed that several crucial amino acid residues are involved in ligand binding. The results not only increase our understanding of the olfactory system of P. saucia but also provide insights into the function of PsauGOBP2 that has implications for developing sustainable approaches for P. saucia management.
Foliar application of salicylic acid inhibits the cadmium uptake and accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Tang Wen , Liang Le , Xie Yongdong , Li Xiaomei , Lin Lijin , Huang Zhi , Sun Bo , Sun Guochao , Tu Lihua , Li Huanxiu , Tang Yi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSalicylic acid (SA) is a multi-functional endogenous phytohormone implicated in the growth, development, and metabolism of many plant species.MethodsThis study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of SA (0, 25, 100, 200, and 500 mg/L) on the growth and cadmium (Cd) content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under Cd stress. The different concentrations of SA treatments were administered through foliar application. ResultsOur results showed that 100-200 mg/L SA significantly increased the plant height and biomass of lettuce under Cd stress. When SA concentration was 200 mg/L, the plant height and root length of lettuce increased by 19.42% and 22.77%, respectively, compared with Cd treatment alone. Moreover, 200 mg/L and 500mg/L SA concentrations could reduce peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities caused by Cd stress. When the concentration of exogenous SA was 500 mg/L, the POD and SOD activities of lettuce leaves decreased by 15.51% and 19.91%, respectively, compared with Cd treatment. A certain concentration of SA reduced the uptake of Cd by the lettuce root system and the transport of Cd from the lettuce root system to shoots by down-regulating the expression of Nramp5, HMA4, and SAMT, thus reducing the Cd content of lettuce shoots. When the concentration of SA was 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, and 500 mg/L, the Cd contents of lettuce shoots were 11.28%, 22.70%, and 18.16%, respectively, lower than that of Cd treatment alone. Furthermore, principal component and correlation analyses showed that the Cd content of lettuce shoots was correlated with plant height, root length, biomass, antioxidant enzymes, and the expression level of genes related to Cd uptake.DiscussionIn general, these results provide a reference for the mechanism by which SA reduces the Cd accumulation in vegetables and a theoretical basis for developing heavy metal blockers with SA components.
Applying productivity and phytonutrient profile criteria in modelling species selection of microgreens as Space crops for astronaut consumption
Authors: Izzo Luigi Gennaro , El Nakhel Christophe , Rouphael Youssef , Proietti Simona , Paglialunga Gabriele , Moscatello Stefano , Battistelli Alberto , Iovane Maurizio , Romano Leone Ermes , De Pascale Stefania , Aronne Giovanna 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionLong-duration missions in outer Space will require technologies to regenerate environmental resources such as air and water and to produce food while recycling consumables and waste. Plants are considered the most promising biological regenerators to accomplish these functions, due to their complementary relationship with humans. Plant cultivation for Space starts with small plant growth units to produce fresh food to supplement stowed food for astronauts’ onboard spacecrafts and orbital platforms. The choice of crops must be based on limiting factors such as time, energy, and volume. Consequently, small, fast-growing crops are needed to grow in microgravity and to provide astronauts with fresh food rich in functional compounds. Microgreens are functional food crops recently valued for their color and flavor enhancing properties, their rich phytonutrient content and short production cycle. Candidate species of microgreens to be harvested and eaten fresh by crew members, belong to the families Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Amarillydaceae, Amaranthaceae, and Cucurbitaceae.MethodsIn this study we developed and applied an algorithm to objectively compare numerous genotypes of microgreens intending to select those with the best productivity and phytonutrient profile for cultivation in Space. The selection process consisted of two subsequent phases. The first selection was based on literature data including 39 genotypes and 25 parameters related to growth, phytonutrients (e.g., tocopherol, phylloquinone, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, lutein, carotenoids, violaxanthin), and mineral elements. Parameters were implemented in a mathematical model with prioritization criteria to generate a ranking list of microgreens. The second phase was based on germination and cultivation tests specifically designed for this study and performed on the six top species resulting from the first ranking list. For the second selection, experimental data on phytonutrients were expressed as metabolite production per day per square meter.Results and discussionIn the final ranking list radish and savoy cabbage resulted with the highest scores based on their productivity and phytonutrient profile. Overall, the algorithm with prioritization criteria allowed us to objectively compare candidate species and obtain a ranking list based on the combination of numerous parameters measured in the different species. This method can be also adapted to new species, parameters, or re-prioritizing the parameters for specific selection purposes.
It’s a helluva journey: a qualitative study of patient and clinician experiences of nausea and vomiting syndromes
Authors: Sebaratnam Gabrielle , Law Mikaela , Broadbent Elizabeth , Gharibans Armen A. , Andrews Christopher N. , Daker Charlotte , O’Grady Greg , Calder Stefan , Keane Celia 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundChronic gastroduodenal disorders including, chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome, gastroparesis, and functional dyspepsia, are challenging to diagnose and manage. The diagnostic and treatment pathways for these disorders are complex, costly and overlap substantially; however, experiences of this pathway have not been thoroughly investigated. This study therefore aimed to explore clinician and patient perspectives on the current clinical pathway.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted between June 2020 and June 2022 with 11 patients with chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome alone (based on Rome IV criteria) and nine gastroenterologists who treat these conditions. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using a reflexive, iterative, inductive approach. Five key patient themes were identified: (1) the impacts of their chronic gastroduodenal symptoms, (2) the complexity of the clinical journey, (3) their interactions with healthcare providers, (4) the need for advocacy, and (5) their experience of treatments. Five key clinician themes were also identified: (1) these conditions were seen as clinically complex, (2) there is an uncertain and variable clinical pathway, (3) the nuance of investigations, (4) these conditions were difficult to therapeutically manage, and (5) there are barriers to developing a therapeutic relationship.ConclusionFindings indicate that both patients and clinicians are dissatisfied with the current clinical care pathways for nausea and vomiting syndromes. Recommendations included the development of more clinically relevant and discriminant tests, standardization of the diagnostic journey, and the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment.
Causal relationship between particulate matter 2.5 and diabetes: two sample Mendelian randomization
Authors: Kim Joyce Mary , Kim Eunji , Song Do Kyeong , Kim Yi-Jun , Lee Ji Hyen , Ha Eunhee 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundsMany studies have shown particulate matter has emerged as one of the major environmental risk factors for diabetes; however, studies on the causal relationship between particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and diabetes based on genetic approaches are scarce. The study estimated the causal relationship between diabetes and PM2.5 using two sample mendelian randomization (TSMR).MethodsWe collected genetic data from European ancestry publicly available genome wide association studies (GWAS) summary data through the MR-BASE repository. The IEU GWAS information output PM2.5 from the Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) GWAS pipeline using pheasant-derived variables (Consortium = MRC-IEU, sample size: 423,796). The annual relationship of PM2.5 (2010) were modeled for each address using a Land Use Regression model developed as part of the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects. Diabetes GWAS information (Consortium = MRC-IEU, sample size: 461,578) were used, and the genetic variants were used as the instrumental variables (IVs). We performed three representative Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods: Inverse Variance Weighted regression (IVW), Egger, and weighted median for causal relationship using genetic variants. Furthermore, we used a novel method called MR Mixture to identify outlier SNPs.ResultsFrom the IVW method, we revealed the causal relationship between PM2.5 and diabetes (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.041, 95% CI: 1.008–1.076, P = 0.016), and the finding was substantiated by the absence of any directional horizontal pleiotropy through MR-Egger regression (β = 0.016, P = 0.687). From the IVW fixed-effect method (i.e., one of the MR machine learning mixture methods), we excluded outlier SNP (rs1537371) and showed the best predictive model (AUC = 0.72) with a causal relationship between PM2.5 and diabetes (OR: 1.028, 95% CI: 1.006–1.049, P = 0.012).ConclusionWe identified the hypothesis that there is a causal relationship between PM2.5 and diabetes in the European population, using MR methods.
Analysis of risk factors for surgical site infection after colorectal surgery: a cross-sectional study in the east of China pre-COVID-19
Authors: Sun Hui , Jiang Hua , Jiang Zhi-Wei , Fang Ge , Dai Zheng-Xiang , Wang Zhiguo , Sun Xiang , Wang Wen 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI) can prolong the postoperative hospital stay, increase the economic burden of patients, and even endanger their lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and microbiology of SSI after colorectal surgery (CRS) and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of SSI.MethodsA single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study of adult patients undergoing CRS was conducted from 2010–2019. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to collect and analyze demographic information, hospital characteristics, and potential perioperative risk factors of SSI.ResultsA total of 3,302 eligible patients were included in this study, with 213 cases experiencing SSIs, resulting in an infection rate of 6.45%. Notably, the incidence of SSI decreased from 13.33% in 2010 to 3.56% in 2019 (Ptrend &lt; 0.001). Escherichia coli accounted for the majority of isolated microorganisms (37.09%), with 49 strains exhibiting resistance to one or more antibiotics (35.25%). Multivariate analysis showed that diabetes, anastomosis leakage, wound classification (contaminated/dirty), operation duration, blood loss greater than 200 ml, and NNIS risk index score for 2 or 3 were independent risk factors. Conversely, laparoscopic approach, preoperative bowel preparation and preoperative albumin levels emerged as protective factors against SSI after CRS. Furthermore, compared to non-SSI patients, SSI patients had a significantly higher 30-day mortality rate following surgery (0.23% vs. 2.35%, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionSSI after CRS was susceptible to many factors, and the pathogen of SSI was mainly Escherichia coli. In clinical practice, measures such as correcting preoperative hypoproteinemia, choosing laparoscopic surgery, preoperative bowel preparation and shortening the duration of surgery should be taken to reduce the incidence of SSI.
Health disparities in the detection and prevalence of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: McQuillan Maureen E. , Jones Ian C. , Abu Mayyaleh Haneen F. , Khan Shajna , Honaker Sarah M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with negative health outcomes, behavior problems, and poor academic performance when left untreated. Prior research has shown that children from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds and those living in lower socioeconomic status (SES) homes or neighborhoods have higher prevalence of OSA but lower likelihood of receiving evidence-based care for OSA. Disparities in pediatric OSA detection (e.g., timely assessment and diagnosis) likely contribute to this observed inequity in receiving treatment. A polysomnogram (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosing OSA but completing PSG can be challenging. Study aims were to examine racial, ethnic, and SES differences in (1) OSA prevalence and severity and (2) OSA detection, specifically PSG completion rates, timing since referral, and age of diagnosis.MethodsChildren (aged 1–18, N = 1,860, 56% male) were referred for PSG during a 6-month period. Participants' racial/ethnic background were as follows: 64.8% White non-Hispanic, 23.5% Black non-Hispanic, 9.4% White Hispanic, and 2.4% other. Children predominantly had Medicaid insurance (64.5%). SES was measured by insurance type and neighborhood SES using the Distressed Communities Index (DCI) for each participant's zip code (Economic Innovations Group; https://eig.org/dc). Covariates included child age and sex, BMI, premature birth status, and smoke exposure in the home.ResultsWe replicated previous research by showing that children from minority racial/ethnic backgrounds and lower SES backgrounds had higher prevalence rates of OSA and worse disease severity. Across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds, only 31.6% of the children referred successfully completed PSG. Insurance coverage (Medicaid or private vs. self-pay), was an important factor in predicting earlier timing and better completion rates of PSG, which is essential for successful diagnosis and treatment of pediatric OSA.
A cross-sectional assessment of PRRSV nucleic acid detection by RT-qPCR in serum, ear-vein blood swabs, nasal swabs, and oral swabs from weaning-age pigs under field conditions
Authors: Osemeke Onyekachukwu H. , Cezar Guilherme A. , Paiva Rodrigo C. , Moraes Daniel C. A. , Machado Isadora F. , Magalhaes Edison S. , Poeta Silva Ana Paula S. , Mil-Homens Mafalda , Peng Li , Jayaraman Swaminathan , Trevisan Giovani , Silva Gustavo S. , Gauger Phillip C. , Linhares Daniel C. L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to challenge swine production in the US and most parts of the world. Effective PRRSV surveillance in swine herds can be challenging, especially because the virus can persist and sustain a very low prevalence. Although weaning-age pigs are a strategic subpopulation in the surveillance of PRRSV in breeding herds, very few sample types have been validated and characterized for surveillance of this subpopulation. The objectives of this study, therefore, were to compare PRRSV RNA detection rates in serum, oral swabs (OS), nasal swabs (NS), ear-vein blood swabs (ES), and family oral fluids (FOF) obtained from weaning-age pigs and to assess the effect of litter-level pooling on the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) detection of PRRSV RNA.MethodsThree eligible PRRSV-positive herds in the Midwestern USA were selected for this study. 666 pigs across 55 litters were sampled for serum, NS, ES, OS, and FOF. RT-qPCR tests were done on these samples individually and on the litter-level pools of the swabs. Litter-level pools of each swab sample type were made by combining equal volumes of each swab taken from the pigs within a litter.ResultsNinety-six piglets distributed across 22 litters were positive by PRRSV RT-qPCR on serum, 80 piglets distributed across 15 litters were positive on ES, 80 piglets distributed across 17 litters were positive on OS, and 72 piglets distributed across 14 litters were positive on NS. Cohen's kappa analyses showed near-perfect agreement between all paired ES, OS, NS, and serum comparisons (). The serum RT-qPCR cycle threshold values (Ct) strongly predicted PRRSV detection in swab samples. There was a ≥ 95% probability of PRRSV detection in ES-, OS-, and NS pools when the proportion of positive swab samples was ≥ 23%, ≥ 27%, and ≥ 26%, respectively.DiscussionES, NS, and OS can be used as surveillance samples for detecting PRRSV RNA by RT-qPCR in weaning-age pigs. The minimum number of piglets to be sampled by serum, ES, OS, and NS to be 95% confident of detecting ≥ 1 infected piglet when PRRSV prevalence is ≥ 10% is 30, 36, 36, and 40, respectively.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRAINING AND WORK FACILITIES ON MOTIVATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FIRE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES AND SAVE THE CITY OF JAMBI
Authors: Surono Yunan , Sapari Yuli , Albetris Albetris , Budiningtyas Dwi Putri 
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted at the Jambi City Fire and Rescue Service, which was formed based on Jambi City Regulation No. 14 of 2016 concerning the Establishment and Arrangement of Devices of Jambi City. Jambi City Fire and Rescue Service has a function of coordination, command, and implementation in disaster management that implements fire management and rescue in a coordinated and integrity with other Regional Device Work Units in the region, vertical agencies in the area with attention to disaster management policies and provisions of legislation. This study will look at the effect of training and work facilities on motivation and impact on the performance of jambi fire and rescue service employees. This research uses descriptive and verificative research methods. This research data is quantitative type that describes the variables of research, namely training, work facilities, motivation and employee performance conducted by survey using questionnaires. The number of samples in this study who were respondents was 127 people who had attended training at the Jambi City Fire and Rescue Service. The data analysis technique used is path analysis, with the help of SPSS software program version 22.0. The results of this study show that free variables, namely training and work facilities have a positive and significant effect on motivation and positively impact the performance of employees in the Jambi City Fire and Rescue Service, it proves that with the increase of training participants and good and adequate work facilities in the Jambi City Fire and Rescue Service, it will increase motivation so that it will have an impact on improving the performance of employees in the Jambi City Fire and Rescue Service.
Notes sur la coordination verbale et la coréférence intraphrastique en basque souletin
Authors: Battittu Coyos Jean-Baptiste 
Published: August 2023

Pour beaucoup de bascologues si le basque est une langue à "morphologie ergative", sa "syntaxe" est "accusative". Pour justifier ce point de vue on s'appuie entre autres sur les phénomènes de coréférence dans les phrases complexes et ceux dans les phrases a verbes coordonnés. Dans ces contextes le nom omissible (non repris) serait celui référant au participant unique, à cas absolutif (PUABS), ou celui référant à I'agent, à cas ergatif (AERG) Ceci relèverait donc d'une "syntaxe accusative".
En étudiant le conditionnement de l'omissibilité des noms dans les phrases à verbes coordonnés par eta en basque souletin, l'auteur s'apercoit qu'il n'est pas lié à une véritable contrainte syntaxique. Ce n'est pas systématiquement le nominal à cas ergatif qui est omis (référant à l'agent, AERG) dans les cas de coréférence. Le conditionnement est plus complexe : selon les énoncés ce sera la cohérence sémantique, le fait d'être le thème, d'être l'élément focalisé, etc. Si ce sont les noms type PUABS ou type AERG qui sont plus fréquemment non repris, c'est qu'ils cumulent souvent les caractéristiques suivantes : thème, agent et défini. Ce type de constructions à deux noms dans une meme proposition est rare en discours et du fait du risque d'ambiguité la coordination verbale avec non reprise d'un des noms semble peu employée.
Case Report: Pneumonia Like Mass with Spontaneous Resolution
Authors: Safitri Aisyah Ayu , Alatas Muhammad Fahmi 
Published: August 2023

Background: Pneumonia can easily mimic malignancies. Pulmonary nodule finding raise concern for lung cancer. A single lung opacity less than 3 centimetres in diameter is referred to as a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN). These nodules sometimes incidentally discovered during routine computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest in relatively asymptomatic patients. We present unusual case of pneumonia like mass with spontaneous resolution.Case: Woman, 38-year-old, with solitary pulmonary nodule which was found accidentally in the left lung upper lobe, without any respiratory symptoms in June 2021. In August 2021, a chest CT scan was done for evaluating and the solitary nodule of the left lung upper lobe had resolved spontaneously without any treatment. The patient was prepared for diagnostic bronchoscopy at Persahabatan Hospital with the findings of normal bronchi and the branches. A bronchial washing was performed on the left B1+2 segment and cytology, fungal, microorganism and molecular tuberculosis examination were performed.Discussion: Pulmonary solitary nodule in left lung upper lobe in the beginning and spontaneous resolution after 2 months evaluation without any specific treatment, consider period of pneumonia. Whenever a patient is found to have an SPN, it is essential to determine the patient’s risk for malignancy. It is important to consider any pulmonary nodule to be malignant or not, and how it presents on CT Imaging.Conclusion: Pulmonary nodule may be found during pneumonia and may resolve spontaneously. The possibility of malignancy must still be considered. Awareness of condition from the history is important to help reassure patient about the disease even before diagnostic procedure was made.