bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncontrolled blood pressure and therapeutic inertia in treated hypertensive patients: A retrospective cohort study using a UK general practice database
Authors: Darricarrere Céline , Jacquot Emmanuelle , Bricout Stéphanie , Louis Caroline , Bénard Marc , Poulter Neil R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUncontrolled blood pressure (BP) and therapeutic inertia pose significant challenges in effectively managing hypertension. This study objective was to quantify levels of uncontrolled BP and therapeutic inertia among patients treated for hypertension in primary care. This retrospective cohort study used data recorded by general practitioners from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink database. Adults with primary hypertension who received a recorded prescription for any antihypertensive drug between January 2015 and June 2017 (index date) were included, with a follow‐up of 18 months. Primary outcomes included the percentage of patients with uncontrolled BP (defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg) and of apparent therapeutic inertia (defined as two consecutive uncontrolled BP records without treatment change) during follow‐up. Finally, of 581 260 patients receiving antihypertensive drug(s), 37.2% (n = 216 014) had uncontrolled BP at the index date and 30.3% (n = 175 955) had no record of BP at this date. During follow‐up, 59.2% had ≥1 record of uncontrolled BP, in 22% all records showed uncontrolled BP, and 12.8% had no record of BP. Among those with uncontrolled BP at the index date, 72.9% had ≥1 record of uncontrolled BP during follow‐up, and in 28.3% all records showed uncontrolled BP. Therapeutic inertia was observed in 33.1% of patients overall, and in 55.7% of those with uncontrolled BP at the index date. In conclusion, BP recording was infrequent, possibly reflecting both a low frequency of measurement and potential under‐recording. Uncontrolled BP and therapeutic inertia appear to be widespread in UK general practice.
Unemployment and health: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Picchio Matteo , Ubaldi Michele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper reports a meta‐analysis of the relationship between unemployment and health. Our meta‐dataset consisted of 327 study results taken from 65 articles published in peer‐reviewed journals between 1990 and 2021. We found that publication bias is important, but only for those study results obtained by means of difference‐in‐differences or instrumental variables estimators. On average, the effect of unemployment on health is negative, but quite small in terms of partial correlation coefficients. We investigated whether the findings were heterogeneous across several research dimensions. We found that unemployment has the strongest impact on the psychological domains of health and long‐term unemployment spells are more detrimental than short‐term ones. Furthermore, women are less affected, studies dealing with endogeneity issues find smaller effects and the health penalty is increasing with unemployment rate.
Global legal change from below and above
Authors: HALLIDAY TERENCE C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article is a contribution to the occasional series dealing with a major book that has influenced the author. Previous contributors include Stewart Macaulay, John Griffith, William Twining, Carol Harlow, Geoffrey Bindman, Harry Arthurs, André‐Jean Arnaud, Alan Hunt, Michael Adler, Lawrence O. Gostin, John P. Heinz, Roger Brownsword, Roger Cotterrell, Nicola Lacey, Carol J. Greenhouse, David Garland, Peter Fitzpatrick, David Nelken, and Lynn Mather.
Relationships Between Violent Sexual Victimization and Muscle‐Building Exercise among Adolescents from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Authors: Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , Rodgers Rachel F. , Jackson Dylan B. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study aimed to investigate the association between violent sexual victimization and muscle‐building exercise among adolescents.METHODSCross‐sectional data from the 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N = 8408) were analyzed. Two indicators of non‐dating‐related sexual violence (lifetime, past 12 months), along with one indicator of adolescent sexual violence (past 12 months), were assessed. Days of muscle‐building in the past week were reported. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between the three violent sexual victimization variables and muscle‐building exercise.RESULTSAmong the sample (50.3% girls), lifetime violent sexual victimization (relative risk ratio [RRR] 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29 to 2.72), past 12‐month violent sexual victimization (RRR 1.60, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.22), and past 12‐month sexual dating violence (RRR 1.60, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.51) were associated greater relative risk of high engagement (ie, 6 to 7 days) in muscle‐building exercise relative to no engagement.CONCLUSIONSA history of violent sexual victimization is associated with greater involvement in muscle‐building exercise, particularly among adolescent girls. Engagement in muscle‐building exercise in relation to violent sexual victimization may be a means of emotion regulation and occur due to body dissatisfaction resulting from experiencing violence.
Effects of hepatitis B virus infection on the treatment outcomes following in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: An analysis of 21,999 first embryo transfer cycles
Authors: Ma Ning‐Zhao , Dai Wei , Bao Xiao , Bu Zhi‐Qin , Shi Hao , Sun Ying‐Pu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo investigate the effects of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the outcomes of Chinese couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and the clinical data of their neonates. A total of 21,999 first embryo transfer cycles were included. They were categorized into four groups based on the couple's hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) result (Group A = female HBsAg− and male HBsAg−; Group B = female HBsAg+ and male HBsAg−; Group C = female HBsAg− and male HBsAg+; Group D = female HBsAg+ and male HBsAg+). The fertilization rate (FR), cleavage rate (CR), implantation rate (IPR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR) and miscarriage rate (MCR) were analysed. Multilevel logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association. The total prevalence of HBV infection was 5.74% (2526/43998). There were no statistically significant differences in CRs (98.69%, 98.76%, 98.66%, 98.72%, p > .05), IPRs (45.86%, 47.33%, 45.19%, 39.61%, p > .05), CPRs (62.84%, 65.05%, 61.80%, 56.81%, p > .05), MCRs (12.70%, 11.99%, 12.58%, 4%, p > .05) and LBRs (53.43%, 55.38%, 52.70%, 54.54%, p > .05) among the four groups. However, there were significant differences in FRs (66.25%, 66.55%, 66.32%, 61.92%, p < .05). Group D had the lowest FR. After adjusting for confounders, the multilevel logistic regression showed that HBsAg+ had no impact on the LBR, CPR or MCR. We also analysed the data of 14,465 newborns, including 8593 singletons and 2936 twins. Among the four groups, no variables reached statistical significance, including neonatal birth weight (NBW), twin ratio, gestational age, premature birth, delivery type, fetal macrosomia or low birth weight (p > .05). Our study demonstrates that, although biparental HBV infection may affect the FR, neither single‐parent infection nor biparental HBV infection affects IVF/ICSI outcomes or neonatal outcomes.
Use of molidustat, a hypoxia‐inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, in chronic kidney disease‐associated anemia in cats
Authors: Charles Samuel , Süssenberger Ricarda , Settje Terry , Langston Catherine , Lainesse Chantal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundErythropoietic effects of molidustat, a hypoxia‐inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (HIF‐PH) inhibitor, were previously demonstrated in healthy cats.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and erythropoietic effects of daily PO administration of molidustat in anemic cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD).AnimalsTwenty‐one client‐owned CKD cats (4‐17 years old) with anemia.MethodsMulticenter field study; randomized, masked, and placebo‐controlled. Cats were treated PO once daily for 28 days with suspensions of control product (CP; n = 6) or 5 mg/kg of molidustat (n = 15). Hematocrit (HCT) was evaluated at weekly intervals. Individual cat treatment success was defined as a ≥4% point increase in HCT compared to baseline.ResultsControl group mean HCT remained low throughout the study (20.1%‐23.4%). Mean HCT of molidustat‐treated cats increased weekly, and a significant increase compared to baseline (23.6%) was first observed on Day 21 (27.3%; P < .001; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.69‐5.67). Compared to CP group, mean HCT was significantly higher on Day 21 (27.3% vs 20.1%; P < .001; 95% CI, 2.91‐10.75) but not significantly higher on Day 28 (27.8% vs 23.4%; P = .06; 95% CI, −0.23 to 9.88). The number of individual treatment successes on Day 28 was higher among remaining molidustat‐treated cats (7/14) compared to remaining control cats (1/5), but there was no significant difference between groups.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDaily PO molidustat administration may stimulate a clinically relevant erythropoietic response in anemic cats with CKD. This HIF‐PH inhibitor may be an alternative for managing anemia in cats compared to recombinant EPO treatment.
Associations between postrace atrial fibrillation and measures of performance, racing history and airway disease in horses
Authors: Nath Laura C. , Elliott Adrian , La Gerche Andre , Weir Joe , Forbes Grace , Thomas Gijo , Franklin Samantha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common performance limiting arrhythmia in racehorses. High dose exercise and airway disease promote AF in humans. Few studies have investigated epidemiological factors associated with AF in horses.ObjectivesExplore variables relating to performance, exercise volume and postrace endoscopic findings in horses with AF.AnimalsA total of 164 horses with poor race performance and postrace AF were compared to 321 horses with poor performance without AF (PP) and 314 horses performing to expectation (TE).MethodsHorse‐level and race‐level variables for horses racing in Australia and Hong Kong from 2009 to 2021 were compared using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. Postrace endoscopic exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) and tracheal mucus accumulation (TMA) grades for AF and PP horses were compared using chi‐squared analysis.ResultsVariables that were significant in the multivariable model of AF compared to TE were distance (lengths) behind the winner, (odds ratio [OR]; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.41 [1.32‐1.51], P < .0001), cumulative prize money per start before the event (OR [95% CI] 1.02 [1.01‐1.03], P = .01) and age (OR [95% CI] 0.72 [0.55‐0.92], P = .01). More AF horses had EIPH grade 3 (23/109; 21.1%) than PP horses (7/213; 3.3%; OR [95%CI] 7.9 [3.3‐20.2], P < .0001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAcute race performance was substantially impaired by AF but career earnings before the event were not inferior. Exercise volume did not promote AF. Higher grades of EIPH found in AF horses suggests a mechanistic relationship between these conditions.
Identifying dynamic interaction patterns in mandatory and discretionary lane changes using graph structure
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zou Yajie , Xie Yuanchang , Chen Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA quantitative understanding of dynamic lane‐changing interaction patterns is indispensable for improving the decision‐making of autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially in mixed traffic with human‐driven vehicles. This paper develops a novel framework combining the hidden Markov model (HMM) and graph structure to identify the difference in dynamic interaction patterns between mandatory lane changes (MLC) and discretionary lane changes (DLC). An HMM is developed to separate the interaction patterns considering heterogeneity in lane‐changing processes and reveal the temporal properties of these patterns. Conditional mutual information is used to quantify the interaction intensity, and the graph structure is used to characterize the relationship between vehicles. Finally, a case study is conducted to demonstrate the practical value of the proposed framework and validate its effectiveness in predicting lane‐changing trajectories. Based on the lane‐changing events extracted from a real‐world trajectory dataset, the proposed analytical framework is applied to model MLC and DLC under congested traffic with levels of service E and F. The results show that there could be multiple heterogeneous dynamic interaction patterns in a lane‐changing process. A comparison of MLC and DLC demonstrates that MLC involves more intense interactions and more frequent transitions of the interaction network structure, while the evolution rules of interaction patterns in DLC do not exhibit a clear trend. The findings in this study are useful for understanding the connectivity structure between vehicles in lane‐changing interactions and for designing safe and smooth driving decision‐making models for AVs and advanced driver‐assistance systems.
Where is the EXIT? Phenotypic screens for new egress factors in apicomplexan parasites
Authors: Jimenéz‐Ruiz Elena , Li Wei , Meissner Markus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractApicomplexans, such as Plasmodium and Toxoplasma are obligate intracellular parasites that invade, replicate and finally EXIT their host cell. During replication within a parasitophorous vacuole (PV), the parasites establish an extensive F‐actin‐containing network that connects individual parasites and is required for material exchange, recycling and the final steps of daughter cell assembly. After multiple rounds of replication, the parasites exit the host cell involving multiple signalling cascades, disassembly of the network, secretion of microneme proteins and activation of the acto‐myosin motor. Blocking the host cell EXIT process leads to the formation of large PVs, making the screening for genes involved in exiting the cell relatively straightforward. Given that apicomplexans are highly diverse from other eukaryotes, approximately 30% of all genes are annotated as hypothetical, some apicomplexan‐specific factors are likely to be critical during EXIT. This motivated several labs to design and perform forward genetic and phenotypic screens using various approaches, such as random insertion mutagenesis, temperature‐sensitive mutants and, more recently, CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated targeted editing and conditional mutagenesis. Here we will provide an overview of the technological developments over recent years and the most successful stories that led to the identification of new critical factors in Toxoplasma gondii.
Comparison of Computer‐Assisted Navigation and 3D Printed Patient‐Specific Template for the Iliosacral Screw Placement
Authors: Wan Yizhou , Xue Peiran , Yue Junyi , Yu Keda , Guo Xiaodong , Chen Kaifang 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundIliosacral screw insertion by computer‐assisted navigation gradually became the main technique in some hospitals, but the expensive price limited the extensive application. But other techniques such as 3D printed template was used to place iliosacral screw as novel method. This study was to compare the efficiency of percutaneous iliosacral screw placement by using patient‐specific template and computer‐assisted navigation.MethodsTotal of 58 patients from September 2017 to September 2021 with sacral injury were treated operatively with percutaneous screw technique, which was selected for this retrospective analysis and divided into two groups (template and computer‐assisted navigation). There were 31 patients in template group and 27 patients in computer‐assisted navigation group. The surgical details (operation time, blood loss, number of screw placements, and number of fluoroscopies), complications, radiographic and clinical results were recorded. The quality of reduction was assessed by the Matta scoring system. T‐test and rank‐sum test was used in this study.ResultsOperation time in template group was less (33.97 ± 16.61 < 60.31 ± 11.46 min, p < 0.01), but the preoperative preparation time was more (6.35 ± 1.60 > 5.41 ± 1.58, p < 0.05). The quality of reduction in both groups was no difference (p = 0.352). A patient was complicated with gluteal vessel injury in operation in navigation group, which was treated with ligation, but the same injury was not observed in template group. The related surgical data of patient with gluteal injury was ignored in statistical analysis.ConclusionBoth of the two techniques could improve surgical efficiency, the operation time in template was less than computer‐assisted navigation group, but the preoperative preparation time was more.
Understanding exosomes: Part 1—Characterization, quantification and isolation techniques
Authors: Miron Richard J. , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with a diameter in the range of 30–150 nm. Their use has gained great momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as diagnostic tools with a vast array of therapeutic applications. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be investigated. This review article first focuses on understanding exosomes, including their cellular origin, biogenesis, function, and characterization. Thereafter, overviews of the quantification methods and isolation techniques are given with discussion over their potential use as novel therapeutics in regenerative medicine.
Antimicrobial effect of platelet‐rich fibrin: A systematic review of in vitro evidence‐based studies
Authors: Moraschini Vittorio , Miron Richard J. , Mourão Carlos Fernando de Almeida Barros , Louro Rafael Seabra , Sculean Anton , da Fonseca Luiz Afonso Morgenstern , Calasans Maia Monica Diuana , Shibli Jamil Awad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis systematic review (SR) aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different types of platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) often used in regenerative treatments. An electronic search was performed in four databases and in Gray literature for articles published until January, 2023. The eligibility criteria comprised in vitro studies that evaluated the antimicrobial effect of different types of PRF. For the analysis of the risk of bias within studies, the modified OHAT (Office of Health Assessment and Translation) tool was used. For the evaluation of the results, a qualitative critical analysis was carried out in the synthesis of the results of the primary studies. Sixteen studies published between 2013 and 2021 were included in this SR. The antimicrobial effects of PRF variations (PRF, injectable PRF [I‐PRF], PRF with silver nanoparticles [agNP‐PRF], and horizontal PRF [H‐PRF]), were analyzed against 16 types of bacteria from the oral, periodontal, and endodontic environments. All types of PRF showed significant antimicrobial action, with the antibacterial efficacy being more expressive than the fungal one. The I‐PRF, H‐PRF, and agNP‐PRF subtypes improve antimicrobial activity. According to the OHAT analysis, no study was classified as having a high risk of bias. Evidence suggests that PRF variations have significant antimicrobial activity, with bacterial action being greater than fungal. Evolutions such as I‐PRF, H‐PRF, and agNP‐PRF improve antimicrobial activity. Future studies analyzing the clinical effect of these platelets are fundamental.This SR was registered in INPLASY under number INPLASY202340016.
Feedback negativity and feedback‐related P3 in individuals at risk for depression: Comparing surface potentials and current source densities
Authors: Gao Yifan , Panier Lidia Y. X. , Gameroff Marc J. , Auerbach Randy P. , Posner Jonathan , Weissman Myrna M. , Kayser Jürgen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBlunted responses to reward feedback have been linked to major depressive disorder (MDD) and depression risk. Using a monetary incentive delay task (win, loss, break‐even), we investigated the impact of family risk for depression and lifetime history of MDD and anxiety disorder with 72‐channel electroencephalograms (EEG) recorded from 29 high‐risk and 32 low‐risk individuals (15–58 years, 30 male). Linked‐mastoid surface potentials (ERPs) and their corresponding reference‐free current source densities (CSDs) were quantified by temporal principal components analysis (PCA). Each PCA solution revealed a midfrontal feedback negativity (FN; peak around 310 ms) and a posterior feedback‐P3 (fb‐P3; 380 ms) as two distinct reward processing stages. Unbiased permutation tests and multilevel modeling of component scores revealed greater FN to loss than win and neutral for all stratification groups, confirming FN sensitivity to valence. Likewise, all groups had greater fb‐P3 to win and loss than neutral, confirming that fb‐P3 indexes motivational salience and allocation of attention. By contrast, group effects were subtle, dependent on data transformation (ERP, CSD), and did not confirm reduced FN or fb‐P3 for at‐risk individuals. Instead, CSD‐based fb‐P3 was overall reduced in individuals with than without MDD history, whereas ERP‐based fb‐P3 was greater for high‐risk individuals than for low‐risk individuals for monetary, but not neutral outcomes. While the present findings do not support blunted reward processing in depression and depression risk, our side‐by‐side comparison underscores how the EEG reference choice affects the characterization of subtle group differences, strongly advocating the use of reference‐free techniques.
Quantifying the partial and general equilibrium effects of sanctions on Russia
Authors: Flach Lisandra , Heiland Inga , Larch Mario , Steininger Marina , Teti Feodora A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper evaluates the effects of sanctions on Russia between 2014 and 2019 and the resulting countersanctions. We estimate their impact on trade in a gravity framework, allowing for treatment heterogeneity among pairs and sectors, and use the estimated elasticities in a general equilibrium analysis. We find that the sanctions decreased trade with Russia in key sectors, translating to a loss in real income in Russia by 0.3%. Full decoupling of the EU and its allies from Russia would increase this effect to over 4%. Our results emphasize the role of deep sanctions as a foreign policy instrument and international cooperation.