bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change of Rotation Measure during the Eclipse of a Black Widow PSR J2051−0827
Authors: Wang S. Q. , Wang J. B. , Li D. Z. , Yao J. M. , Manchester R. N. , Hobbs G. , Wang N. , Dai S. , Xu H. , Luo R. , Feng Y. , Wang W. Y. , Li D. , Yu Y. W. , Du Z. X. , Niu C. H. , Zhang S. B. , Zhang C. M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Black widows are millisecond pulsars ablating their companions. The material blown from the companion blocks the radio emission, resulting in radio eclipses. The properties of the eclipse medium are poorly understood. Here, we present direct evidence of the existence of magnetic fields in the eclipse medium of the black widow PSR J2051−0827 using observations made with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. We detect a regular decrease in rotation measure (RM) in the egress of the eclipse, changing from 60 to −28.7 rad m−2. The RM gradually changes back to normal when the line of sight moves away from the eclipse. The estimated line-of-sight magnetic field strength in the eclipse medium is ∼0.1 G. The RM reversal could be caused by a change in the magnetic field strength along the line of sight due to binary orbital motion. The RM reversal phenomenon has also been observed in some repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs), and the study of spider pulsars may provide additional information about the origin of FRBs.
The Role of Magnetic Shear in Reconnection-driven Flare Energy Release
Authors: Qiu J. , Alaoui M. , Antiochos S. K. , Dahlin J. T. , Swisdak M. , Drake J. F. , Robison A. , DeVore C. R. , Uritsky V. M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Using observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory’s Atmosphere Imaging Assembly and the Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager, we present novel measurements of the shear of post-reconnection flare loops (PRFLs) in SOL20141218T21:40 and study its evolution with respect to magnetic reconnection and flare emission. Two quasi-parallel ribbons form adjacent to the magnetic polarity inversion line (PIL), spreading in time first parallel to the PIL and then mostly in a perpendicular direction. We measure the magnetic reconnection rate from the ribbon evolution, and also the shear angle of a large number of PRFLs observed in extreme ultraviolet passbands (≲1 MK). For the first time, the shear angle measurements are conducted using several complementary techniques allowing for cross validation of the results. In this flare, the total reconnection rate is much enhanced before a sharp increase in the hard X-ray emission, and the median shear decreases from 60°–70° to 20°, on a timescale of 10 minutes. We find a correlation between the shear-modulated total reconnection rate and the nonthermal electron flux. These results confirm the strong-to-weak shear evolution suggested in previous observational studies and reproduced in numerical models, and also confirm that, in this flare, reconnection is not an efficient producer of energetic nonthermal electrons during the first 10 minutes when the strongly sheared PRFLs are formed. We conclude that an intermediate shear angle, ≤40°, is needed for efficient particle acceleration via reconnection, and we propose a theoretical interpretation.
Reionization and the ISM/Stellar Origins with JWST and ALMA (RIOJA): The Core of the Highest-redshift Galaxy Overdensity at z = 7.88 Confirmed by NIRSpec/JWST
Authors: Hashimoto T. , Álvarez-Márquez J. , Fudamoto Y. , Colina L. , Inoue A. K. , Nakazato Y. , Ceverino D. , Yoshida N. , Costantin L. , Sugahara Y. , Gómez A. Crespo , Blanco-Prieto C. , Mawatari K. , Arribas S. , Marques-Chaves R. , Pereira-Santaella M. , Bakx T. J. L. C. , Hagimoto M. , Hashigaya T. , Matsuo H. , Tamura Y. , Usui M. , Ren Y. W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The protoclusters in the epoch of reionization, traced by galaxy overdensity regions, are ideal laboratories for studying the process of stellar assembly and cosmic reionization. We present the spectroscopic confirmation of the core of the most distant protocluster at z = 7.88, A2744-z7p9OD, with the James Webb Space Telescope NIRSpec integral field unit spectroscopy. The core region includes as many as four galaxies detected in [O iii] 4960 and 5008 Å in a small area of ∼3″ × 3″, corresponding to ∼11 × 11 kpc, after the lensing magnification correction. Three member galaxies are also tentatively detected in dust continuum in Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 6, which is consistent with their red ultraviolet continuum slopes, β ∼ −1.3. The member galaxies have stellar masses in the range of log(M
*/M
⊙) ∼7.6–9.2 and star formation rates of ∼3–50 M
⊙ yr−1, showing a diversity in their properties. FirstLight cosmological simulations reproduce the physical properties of the member galaxies including the stellar mass, [O iii] luminosity, and dust-to-stellar mass ratio, and predict that the member galaxies are on the verge of merging in a few to several tens of Myr to become a large galaxy with M
* ∼ 6 × 109
M
⊙. The presence of a multiple merger and evolved galaxies in the core region of A2744-z7p9OD indicates that environmental effects are already at work 650 Myr after the Big Bang.
Knowledge and Perception of dental students towards Hepatitis B and C infection in South Indian dental college
Authors: Murali Dhamini P , Abraham Helen Mary , Philip Jacob Mathew , Venkatakrishnan CJ 
Published: September 2023

Context:
Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are known threats to health-care professionals. Optimum knowledge and healthy perception are essential armor that can help dental professionals in treating these patients ethically and safely.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to assess knowledge and perception of dental students toward hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection.

Settings and Designs:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and perception of 100 dental undergraduates toward hepatitis B and C infections in a dental college.

Subjects and Methods:
A self-administered close-ended questionnaire was used for data collection.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive analysis was done, frequencies and percentages were calculated, and Chi-square test was done.

Results:
The knowledge of dental students regarding hepatitis C was found to be lacking in comparison to hepatitis B. There was found to be some negativity in the perception of dental students toward treating hepatitis B and C patients; however, it was higher toward hepatitis C.

Conclusions:
Improvising awareness and knowledge toward hepatitis C can be stressed in dental institutions to equip dental students to treat patients ideally. Counseling can be introduced to improvise attitude toward treatment HBV- and HCV-positive patients.
Evaluation of analgesic activity of Shorea robusta extracts in Wistar rats
Authors: Praveen  , Srinivas L. D. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Recent studies have shown presence of flavonoids in Shorea species. Flavanoids halt prostaglandin synthetase. Prostaglandins are involved in pain perception.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate analgesic activity of ethanolic leaf extracts in albino wistar rats.

METHODOLOGY:
Ethanolic extract of Shorea robusta leaf extract 300mg/kg/bw was prepared . Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups i.e control, test & standard, each group with 6 animals each . SRE 300 mg/kg/ bw was administered orally to test group . Tramadol 10 mg/kg/bw was administered orally to standard group & NS 10ml/kg/bw was administerd to control group. Analgesic activity measured by tailflick method & hot plate method. Reaction time noted. Statistical analysis done.

RESULTS:
Study showed significant peripheral analgesic activity as evidenced by increase in raction time to tailflick method.

CONCLUSION:

Shorea robusta leaf extract (300 mg/kg/bw) has good peripheral analgesic action.
Efficacy of early biologic therapy versus late/conventional therapy in children and adolescents with Crohn’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Jin Zhixiao , Hao Jia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
The objective of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of early biologics compared to conventional treatment in the management of Crohn’s disease among pediatric and adolescent patients.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in four electronic databases to identify relevant studies published from inception to 2023. The inclusion criteria comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that reported on the efficacy and clinical outcomes of early biologic therapy compared to late/conventional therapy in children with Crohn’s disease. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle Ottawa scale.

Results:
A total of 13 studies (2 RCTs and 11 cohort studies), involving 861 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that early biologic therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of clinical remission (risk ratio [RR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–1.54), lower relapse rates (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.21–0.53), and improved mucosal healing (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.10–1.97) compared to late/conventional therapy. However, it should be noted that there was evidence of publication bias among studies reporting clinical remission.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, early biologic therapy is significantly more effective in achieving clinical remission (within two years of diagnosis), promoting mucosal healing, and reducing relapse rates in pediatric and adolescent patients with Crohn’s disease, compared to late/conventional therapy. These findings emphasize the importance of initiating biological therapy early in the treatment of Crohn’s disease in this patient population.
ensemblQueryR: fast, flexible and high-throughput querying of Ensembl LD API endpoints in R
Authors: Fairbrother-Browne Aine , García-Ruiz Sonia , Hertfelder Reynolds Regina , Ryten Mina , Hodgkinson Alan 
Published: September 2023

We present ensemblQueryR, an R package for querying Ensembl linkage disequilibrium (LD) endpoints. This package is flexible, fast and user-friendly, and optimised for high-throughput querying. ensemblQueryR uses functions that are intuitive and amenable to custom code integration, familiar R object types as inputs and outputs as well as providing parallelisation functionality. For each Ensembl LD endpoint, ensemblQueryR provides two functions, permitting both single- and multi-query modes of operation. The multi-query functions are optimised for large query sizes and provide optional parallelisation to leverage available computational resources and minimise processing time. We demonstrate improved computational performance of ensemblQueryR over an exisiting tool in terms of random access memory (RAM) usage and speed, delivering a 10-fold speed increase whilst using a third of the RAM. Finally, ensemblQueryR is near-agnostic to operating system and computational architecture through Docker and singularity images, making this tool widely accessible to the scientific community.
The image of a digital transport university on the example of the Irkutsk State Transport University
Authors: Trofimov Yu. A. , Sachkov D. I. 
Published: September 2023

In the article the issue of transforming the transport education in the Russian Federation is discussed, substantiating the necessity to introduce educational tracks to form a young specialist since the set of his professional skills should forestall the level of the current manufacturing technologies used.The strategic documents of the transport industry have been analyzed with requests identifi ed presenting specifi cs of their own for operation under digital economy and at a digital railroad.The promising directions in the fi eld of digital economy are considered. The digital twins technology to be used in the process of monitoring buildings and structures as well as in modeling and optimizing business and technological processes has been identifi ed and analyzed. At the moment, most universities have come to the conclusion that the most effi cient model of education is a mixed model of off - and online student training formats according to engineering team technology using a virtual project environment.The transformation of educational policy within engineering teams does not seem possible without using “nuclear programs” with diff erent levels of complexity and new principles of working with talented students as well as diff erent training periods for students and a pool of potential customers for targeted training.
The possibilities of individualization of the educational trajectory for persons with secondary vocational education while continuing their studies at the university
Authors: Dinets D. A. , Mikhailova N. S. 
Published: September 2023

The reform of the modern education system involves a paradigm shift in education, where the focus is on the development of personal creative abilities. Special attention is given to the search for individual self-determination of students, creating conditions for their full development and self-realization, and organizing the learning process according to their needs and abilities. In this context, educational organizations need to change the organization of the educational process and implement innovative personal-oriented technologies and tools for managing the educational process.The goal of this article is to examine approaches to managing the personalization of the educational process through the development and implementation of individual educational trajectories. The authors are present arguments in favor of the necessity of personalization in the educational process, as well as its essence and characteristics. Personalization is considered as a way of designing an educational environment that meets the interests, values, motivations, and needs of each learner and is based on their personal resources and individual characteristic, as well as ensuring the optimal choice of forms and methods of learning.The article is discussing methods of individualizing the educational trajectory of a graduate of vocational education, identifi es and describes a set of organizational and substantive measures aimed at managing the personalization of the educational process through the creation of individual educational trajectories in mixed groups.From the information presented, it can be concluded that the management of the personalization of the educational process is a sequential process, which results in a change in the personality of the student. The personalization is contributing to the eff ectiveness of educational activities and requires special complex and systematic actions on the part of the educational organization and all participants in educational relations.
EVALUASI KINERJA JARINGAN IRIGASI DAERAH IRIGASI AUMAN BODOG KEC. SELAT DAN KEC. SIDEMEN KABUPATEN KARANGASEM
Authors: Ardana Putu Doddy Heka , Astariani Ni Kadek , Armada I Wayan Yana 
Published: September 2023

Kabupaten Karangasem berada dibagian timur Provinsi Bali. Luas Kabupaten Karangasem adalah 839,54 km², dari luas wilayah tersebut sekitar 7.070 Ha (8.42%) merupakan lahan pertanian. Pengairan dengan sistem Irigasi di Kabupaten Karangasem khususnya di kecamatan Selat dan kecamatan Sidemen sangat intensif, ditandai dengan produksi tanaman bahan pangan yang juga tinggi dari pada daerah lain yang ada di kabupaten Karangasem. Wilayah ini memiliki Daerah Irigasi (D.I.) yang cukup banyak dengan luas lahan pertanian yang berbeda-beda. Salah satu daerah irigasi tersebut adalah D.I. Auman Bodog. D.I. Auman Bodog pengelolaanya sudah diambil alih oleh Balai Wilayah Sungai Bali-Penida dari tahun 2016 yang sebelumnya dikelola oleh Kabupaten Karangasem. D.I. Auman Bodog berada di dua Kecamatan, yaitu Kecamatan Selat dan kecamatan Sidemen. Luas pertanian yang dialiri adalah 454 Ha dan yang masih produktif 290 Ha yang terdiri dari 3 subak yaitu subak Auman luas areal sawahnya 122 Ha, subak Batan Labah luas areal sawahnya 94 Ha, dan subak Bodog luas areal sawahnya 74 Ha, dimana Sumber airnya berasal dari mata air Petung dan mata air Babah yang terletak di desa Muncan kecamatan Selat.
Daerah Irigasi Auman Bodog yang berada di 2 (dua) Kecamatan yaitu Selat dan Sidemen, saat ini disubak Bodog yang berada di sawah paling hilir masih kekurangan air akibat banyak terjadi kebocoran yang disengaja maupun tidak disengaja, yang disengaja karena beberapa petani mengambil air dari saluran induk untuk mengairi sawah, yang tidak disengaja kemungkinan ada kerusakan pada jaringan irigasi yang menyebabkan kebocoran air terlalu tinggi. Penurunan kinerja jaringan irigasi merupakan ancaman nyata terhadap kebutuhan air untuk sawah. Dampak penurunan kinerja irigasi akan mempengaruhi komitmen petani untuk tetap mempertahankan ekosistem sawah. Hal inilah yang mendorong perlunya mengevaluasi kinerja jaringan irigasi D.I. Auman Bodog sebagai tindak lanjut dari pengelolaan Jaringan Irigasi Auman Bodog, dalam upaya penggunaan air irigasi yang efektif dan efisien.
ANALISIS KOMPARASI METODE BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) DAN METODE KONVENSIONAL PADA PERHITUNGAN RAB STRUKTUR PROYEK (STUDI KASUS PEMBANGUNAN PASAR DESA ADAT PECATU)
Authors: Suasira I Wayan , Tapayasa I Made , Santiana I Made Anom , Wibawa I Gede Satra 
Published: September 2023

Building Information Modeling (BIM) adalah suatu proses yang dimulai dengan menciptakan 3D model digital dan didalamnya berisi semua informasi bangunan tersebut, berfungsi sebagai sarana membuat perencanaan, perancangan, pelaksanaan pembangunan, serta pemeliharaan bangunan. Estimasi biaya menggunakan BIM memberikan kecepatan dan keakuratan perhitungan volume pekerjaan. Pengaplikasian BIM menggunakan software salah satunya Tekla Structure. Tekla Structure merupakan software memungkinkan membuat model yang sangat constructable struktural 3D terlepas dari materi atau kompleksitas struktural. Berdasarkan kelebihan BIM maka cocok diaplikasikan pada proyek pembangunan pasar desa adat Pecatu. Pembangunan pasar desa adat Pecatu merupakan proyek pemerintah Kabupaten Badung. Pasar desa adat Pecatu memiliki fungsi sebagai tempat bertransaksi pedagang dan pembeli di desa adat Pecatu. Langkah-Langkah estimasi menggunakan BIM diawali membuat pemodelan struktur bangunan pasar desa adat Pecatu 3D. Pemodelan 3D dimulai dari pemodelan pondasi dilanjutkan dengan pemodelan sloof, kolom, balok, ring balok, dan atap baja dan kayu. Setelah pemodelan 3D selanjutnya dilakukan tahap estimasi menggunakan fasilitas menu quantity take off dari software Tekla Structure untuk mendapatkan volume masing-masing item struktur bangunan. Estimasi biaya dilakukan dengan cara mengkalikan volume item pekerjaan dengan harga satuan pekerjaan dengan fasilisitas software Microsoft Excel. Hasil dari estimasi biaya menggunakan BIM adalah Rp. 5.746.833.111,23 lebih rendah 1,88 % dari RAB existing.
Implications of Classification Models for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Kang Mengyao , Zhao Jiawei , Farid Farnaz 
Published: September 2023

Machine learning (ML)-based prediction models have the potential to revamp various industries, and one such promising area is healthcare. This study demonstrates the potential impact of ML on healthcare, particularly in managing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The experimental results showcase the remarkable performance of ML models, surpassing doctors’ predictions for COPD patients. Among the evaluated models, the gradient-boosted decision tree classifier emerges as the top performer, displaying exceptional classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score compared to doctors’ experience. Notably, the comparison between the best ML model and doctors’ predictions reveals an interesting pattern: ML models tend to be more conservative, resulting in an increased probability of patient recovery.

Received: 25 July 2023 | Revised: 27 August 2023 | Accepted: 11 September 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in PLOS ONE at https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0188532.
Evaluation of Health Management Education Curriculum in terms of Disaster Management
Authors: DALKILIÇ Sema 
Published: September 2023

The Department of Health Management trains managers for health institutions serving in the public and private sectors.
The health sector is in a very important place due to the duties and responsibilities it undertakes in the event of a disaster. For this reason, health professionals are expected to have a good knowledge of basic disaster response knowledge and skills such as disaster management and disaster medicine. In the literature review, when it comes to the disaster preparedness of health workers, only physicians and nurses draw attention, and health managers remain in the background.
In this study, the curricula of universities providing health management education were analyzed in terms of disaster management.
In this context, it was investigated whether there are first aid, public health, disaster management and occupational health and safety courses in the curricula. A total of 56 public universities providing health management education in Turkey were included in the study. When the curricula were analyzed; First Aid course is compulsory in only 7 universities. In 25, it is included in the elective course pool. Public health course is compulsory in 27 and elective in 20 universities. Disaster management course is compulsory in 11 and elective in 30 universities. Occupational health and safety course is compulsory in 11 and elective in 33 universities. Considering that the graduates may be in positions such as prevention of disasters, preparation of disaster plan or intervention in the hospitals where they will work, it is observed that the courses that may be related to disasters that they take during their undergraduate education are not sufficient.
COVID-19 salgını sırasında perinatal ruh sağlığı: Obstetrik bakım sağlayıcılarının gözlem ve deneyimlerinin tematik analizi
Authors: KÖRÜKCÜ Öznur , ADAK Nurşen , BORAN Ömer Faruk , ÖZKAYA Meltem , ELMAS Çağrı , BAKACAK Murat , KABUKCUOĞLU Kamile 
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kadın hastalıkları ve doğum alanında çalışan sağlık personelinin, pandeminin gebe ve doğum sonrası annelerin psikososyal sağlıklarına yansımalarına ilişkin gözlem ve deneyimlerine açıklık getirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hastanesi ve Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Servisi, Doğumhanede görev yapan, araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden hekim, ebe ve hemşire unvanlarına sahip 19 sağlık personeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. ve kadın doğum klinikleri. Veriler, Eylül-Ekim 2020 tarihleri ​​arasında yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Sağlık personelinin COVID-19 pandemisinin perinatal ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerine ilişkin deneyim ve gözlemleri iki ana tema ile açıklanmıştır. Bu temalar, pandeminin anne psikolojisine yansımaları nedeniyle obstetrik bakımdaki değişiklikler, gebe ve lohusa annelerin izlemindeki değişiklikler ve pandemi sürecinde annelerin psikososyal sağlıklarındaki değişiklikler nedeniyle bakımda yaşanan zorluklardır. .
Sonuç: Sağlık profesyonellerine göre gebe ve lohusa kadınların pandemiden psikososyal olarak etkilendikleri, kendi sağlıkları ve bebeklerinin sağlığı konusunda endişe duydukları belirlendi. Ayrıca annelerin kontrollerini ertelediği, pandemi hastanesinde tedavi olmak istemedikleri, maske, mesafe ve hijyen kurallarına uymadıkları da belirlendi.