bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relation between morphology, star formation history, and environment in local Universe galaxies
Authors: Pérez-Millán David , Fritz Jacopo , González-Lópezlira Rosa A , Moretti Alessia , Cervantes Sodi Bernardo , Vulcani Benedetta , Gullieuszik Marco , Bruzual Gustavo , Charlot Stéphane , Bettoni Daniela 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The observed properties of galaxies are strongly dependent on both their total stellar mass and their morphology. Furthermore, the environment is known to play a strong role in shaping them. The galaxy population in the local Universe that is located in virialized clusters is found to be red, poorly star-forming, and mostly composed of early morphological types. Towards a holistic understanding of the mechanisms that drive galaxy evolution, we exploit the spectrophotometric data from the WINGS and OmegaWINGS local galaxy cluster surveys, and study the role of both the local and the large-scale environments. We attempt to disentangle their effects from the intrinsic characteristics of the galaxies, in shaping the star formation activity at fixed morphological type and stellar mass. Using a sample of field galaxies from the same surveys for comparison, we analyse the effects of the environment, embodied by the local density, clustercentric distance, and close neighbours, respectively, on the star formation histories of cluster galaxies. We find that local effects have a more relevant impact on galaxy stellar properties than the large-scale environment, and that morphology needs to be taken into account to pinpoint the mechanisms that are driving the influence of clusters in galaxy evolution.
Rotational properties of solar EUV corona using SDO/AIA-19.3-nm observations
Authors: Sharma Jaidev , Malik Anil K , Vats Hari Om , Banerjee Shyamal Kumar 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
In this article, we present the differential rotational profile of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) corona. For this purpose, we used observations with high resolution obtained from SDO/AIA at 19.3-nm wavelength from years 2011 to 2021. We found the higher rotation rate of the equatorial segment (14.8 deg d−1) which drops about 13.5 deg d−1 on both sides of the poles. The average rotation rate (i.e. from 2011 to 2021) of the equatorial region of EUV corona is found to be higher than that of the photosphere, chromosphere, transition region, and corona. Furthermore, the average rotational gradient (as a function of latitude) of the EUV corona is lower than that of the photosphere and transition region. Interestingly, we found a significant correlation of the hemispheric rotational asymmetry with the solar activity indicator (SSNs) and EUV emission. The cross-correlation analysis indicates that the hemispheric rotational asymmetry leads the solar activity indicator (SSN) and EUV emission by about 1.5 months.
The covalent nucleotide modifications within plant mRNAs: What we know, how we find them, and what should be done in the future
Authors: Prall Wil , Ganguly Diep R , Gregory Brian D 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although covalent nucleotide modifications were first identified on the bases of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), a number of these epitranscriptome marks have also been found to occur on the bases of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). These covalent mRNA features have been demonstrated to have various and significant effects on the processing (e.g. splicing, polyadenylation, etc.) and functionality (e.g. translation, transport, etc.) of these protein-encoding molecules. Here, we focus our attention on the current understanding of the collection of covalent nucleotide modifications known to occur on mRNAs in plants, how they are detected and studied, and the most outstanding future questions of each of these important epitranscriptomic regulatory signals.
E3 ligase MaNIP1 degradation of NON-YELLOW COLORING1 at high temperature inhibits banana degreening
Authors: Luo Qi , Wei Wei , Yang Ying-ying , Wu Chao-jie , Chen Jian-ye , Lu Wang-jin , Kuang Jian-fei , Shan Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBanana (Musa acuminata) fruit ripening under high temperatures (&gt;24 °C) undergoes green ripening due to failure of chlorophyll degradation, which greatly reduces marketability. However, the mechanism underlying high temperature-repressed chlorophyll catabolism in banana fruit is not yet well understood. Here, using quantitative proteomic analysis, 375 differentially expressed proteins were identified in normal yellow and green ripening in banana. Among these, one of the key enzymes involved in chlorophyll degradation, NON-YELLOW COLORING 1 (MaNYC1), exhibited reduced protein levels when banana fruit ripened under high temperature. Transient overexpression of MaNYC1 in banana peels resulted in chlorophyll degradation under high temperature, which weakens the green ripening phenotype. Importantly, high temperature induced MaNYC1 protein degradation via the proteasome pathway. A banana RING E3 ligase, NYC1-interacting protein 1 (MaNIP1), was found to interact with and ubiquitinate MaNYC1, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, transient overexpression of MaNIP1 attenuated MaNYC1-induced chlorophyll degradation in banana fruits, indicating that MaNIP1 negatively regulates chlorophyll catabolism by affecting MaNYC1 degradation. Taken together, the findings establish a post-translational regulatory module of MaNIP1–MaNYC1 that mediates high temperature-induced green ripening in bananas.
Devices of evaluation: Institutionalization and impact—Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Hamann Julian , Blome Frerk , Kosmützky Anna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis introduction outlines the analytical potential of the concept of ‘device’ that is key to the special issue ‘Devices of evaluation’. Evaluation relies not only on the human capacity to value, classify, compare, or judge, but also on social operators that affect evaluations in different ways. The notion of ‘devices’ puts the focus not on human actors but on things, tools, and instruments, on (infra-)structures and procedures, on assemblages and constellations which human actors either draw on when they attribute value or worth, or which have their own agentic capacity and facilitate or enforce evaluations themselves. We propose three perspectives through which a focus on devices can have analytical potential and thus contribute to the study of evaluation in academia: Devices facilitate and accomplish evaluation as trans-situational relays, they connect different forms of evaluation, and they enable, guide, and shape comparisons among very different valuation constellations and contexts. Broadening the focus in this way, the concept can improve our understanding of the non-human side of evaluation. The contributions to this special convey the idea that devices of evaluation are crucial for understanding the production, diffusion, and institutionalization of value and worth in academic contexts.
ASIRPAReal-Time in the making or how to empower researchers to steer research towards desired societal goals
Authors: Matt Mireille , Robinson Douglas K R , Joly Pierre-Benoît , Van Dis Renée , Colinet Laurence 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The promise that research and innovation (R&I) will contribute to societally desired changes poses a difficult analytical and evaluative challenge. The aim of this article is to present a framework and a toolset, labelled ASIRPAReal-Time, that aides R&I program and project managers to design and steer R&I activities in real-time towards expected directions. It is based on the analytical concepts, language, and lessons learned from the case studies and the practice of the toolset developed in ASIRPAex post. ASIRPAReal-Time is a formative nested approach that fosters learning processes, coordination, and reflexivity at project and program levels. It is iterative and analyses how intermediate results may lead to reconsidering the vision of the R&I pathways. ASIRPAReal-Time is designed and operationalized through intervention research, mobilizing testbeds (i.e. co-experimentation with potential users) to develop and continuously improve the tools. The toolset is designed to be transferable to, and operationalized by, program and project managers since they have the relevant knowledge related to their field of expertise. This article presents the creation of the framework and management tools, detailing the journey of redesigning a tool in a new use context as well as providing a broader reflection on the tools themselves and their applications.
The Cost of Wage Rigidity
Authors: Faia Ester , Pezone Vincenzo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Private efficiency of wage rigidity has taken centre stage in economics. Measuring its effects has proven elusive for lack of actual wage data. Using a unique confidential labour contract-level dataset matched with firm-level high-frequency asset prices, we find robust evidence that firms’ stock prices and employment fluctuate more in response to monetary policy announcements, the higher the degree of wage rigidity. Hand-collected information on the periods across renegotiations of collective bargaining agreements allow us to construct an accurate and predetermined measure of wage rigidity. We find that the amplification induced by wage rigidity is stronger for firms with high labour intensity, low profitability, and a large share of workers with more rigid contracts.
Comparison of risks of cancer, infection, and MACEs associated with JAK inhibitor and TNF inhibitor treatment: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Uchida Tomohisa , Iwamoto Naoki , Fukui Shoichi , Morimoto Shimpei , Aramaki Toshiyuki , Shomura Fumiko , Aratake Koichiro , Eguchi Katsumi , Ueki Yukitaka , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to compare the incidence rates (IRs) of infectious diseases, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and malignancies in RA patients treated with tofacitinib, baricitinib or a TNF inhibitor.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed the cases of 499 RA patients treated with tofacitinib (n = 192), baricitinib (n = 104), or a TNF inhibitor (n = 203). We determined the IRs of infectious diseases and the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of malignancies and investigated factors related to infectious diseases. After adjusting the clinical characteristic imbalance by propensity score weighting, we compared the incidence of adverse events between the Janus kinase (JAK)-inhibitor and TNF-inhibitor groups.

Results
The observational period was 959.7 patient-years (PY), and the median observational period was 1.3 years. The IRs within the JAK-inhibitor treatment group were: serious infectious diseases other than herpes zoster (HZ), 8.36/100 PY; HZ, 13.00/100 PY. Multivariable Cox regression analyses revealed independent risk factors: the glucocorticoid dose in serious infectious diseases other than HZ, and older age in HZ. Two MACEs and 11 malignancies were identified in JAK-inhibitor–treated patients. The overall malignancy SIR was (non-significantly) higher than that of the general population (1.61/100 PY, 95% CI: 0.80, 2.88). The IR of HZ in the JAK-inhibitor–treated group was significantly higher than the TNF-inhibitor-treated group, but there were no significant differences in the IRs of other adverse events between the JAK-inhibitor–treated group and the TNF-inhibitor–treated group, or between the treatment groups of the two JAK inhibitors.

Conclusions
The infectious disease IR in RA was comparable between tofacitinib and baricitinib, but the IR for HZ in these treatment groups was high compared with that in the TNF inhibitor treatment group. The malignancy rate in the JAK-inhibitor-treated group was high but not significantly different from that of the general population or that of the TNF-inhibitor–treated group.
Chinese public university patents during 2006–20: a comprehensive investigation and comparative study
Authors: Zhang Lin , Qi Fan , Huang Ying , Van Looy Bart , Chen Lixin , Saritas Ozcan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Promoting growth in patent activity was an important stated goal of China’s Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Science and Technology Development (2006–20), and it was a successful one. By the end of this ambitious blueprint, China had witnessed enormous growth in the number of granted patents, especially those granted to public universities. This vital role played by universities in technology innovation justifies further research on the role of academia with respect to the development of technology. However, most studies on patenting by Chinese universities are limited in terms of research scale and context, and patent performance is seldom investigated in great detail. This study first presents an overall analysis of the utility patents granted to Chinese public universities (not utility model patents). Then, we compare the patent performance of two elite university groups: Project 985 universities in China and member institutions of the Association of American Universities (AAU) in the USA. Our results show that Chinese universities account for a high proportion of the total patents granted in China, and the number of patents granted to universities has grown rapidly in recent decades, making them a very substantial contributor to China’s innovation system. However, the value of patents did not improve as their counts surged. Compared to AAU universities, the technological and economic value of patents held by Project 985 universities is considerably lower, even for the top-patenting universities in China. These findings extend our understanding of technological innovation activity in China’s academic landscape and might inspire future policies toward patent quality and impact.
Direct foliar acquisition of desert dust phosphorus fertilizes forest trees despite reducing photosynthesis
Authors: Starr Maya , Klein Tamir , Gross Avner 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability to forest trees is often limited by local soil conditions that increase its fixation to soil minerals. In certain regions, atmospheric-P inputs can compensate for low soil-P availability. Among atmospheric-P sources, desert dust is the most dominant. However, the effects of desert dust on P nutrition and its uptake mechanisms by forest trees are currently unknown. We hypothesized that forest trees that naturally grow on P-poor soils or soils with high soil-P fixation capacity can acquire P from desert dust deposited on their leaves via direct foliar uptake, bypassing the soil, thus promoting tree growth and productivity. We performed a controlled greenhouse experiment with three forest tree species: Palestine Oak (Quercus calliprinos) and Carob (Ceratonia siliqua), native to the NE edge of the Saharan desert, and Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius), native to the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, which is located on the western part of the trans-Atlantic Saharan dust route. To simulate natural dust deposition events, the trees had desert dust applied directly upon their foliage and were monitored for growth and final biomass, P levels, leaf surface pH and the rate of photosynthesis. The dust treatment increased the P concentration significantly by 33–37% in Ceratonia and Schinus trees. On the other hand, trees that received the dust displayed a 17–58% reduction in biomass, probably related to particle coverage of the leaf surface that inhibited photosynthesis by 17–30%. Overall, our findings show that direct P uptake from desert dust can be an alternative P uptake pathway for multiple tree species under P-deficient conditions, with implications for forest trees’ P economy.
Aureobasidium pullulans from the Fire Blight Biocontrol Product, Blossom Protect, Induces Host Resistance in Apple Flowers
Authors: Zeng Quan , Johnson Kenneth B. , Mukhtar Salma , Nason Sara , Huntley Regan , Millet Felicia , Yang Ching-Hong , Hassani M. Amine , Zuverza-Mena Nubia , Sundin George W. 
Published: February 2023

Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, is a devastating disease of apple. Blossom Protect, a product that contains Aureobasidium pullulans as the active ingredient, is one of the most effective biological controls of fire blight. It has been postulated that the mode of action of A. pullulans is to compete against and antagonize epiphytic growth of E. amylovora on flowers, but recent studies have found that flowers treated with Blossom Protect harbored similar to or only slightly reduced E. amylovora populations compared with nontreated flowers. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that A. pullulans-mediated biocontrol of fire blight is the result of induced host resistance. We found that PR genes in the systemic acquired resistance pathway, but not genes in the induced systemic resistance pathway, were induced in hypanthial tissue of apple flowers after the Blossom Protect treatment. Additionally, the induction of PR gene expression was coupled with an increase of plant-derived salicylic acid in this tissue. After inoculation with E. amylovora, PR gene expression was suppressed in nontreated flowers, but in flowers pretreated with Blossom Protect, the heightened PR expression offset the immune repression caused by E. amylovora, and prevented infection. Temporal and spatial analysis of PR gene induction showed that induction of PR genes occurred 2 days after the Blossom Protect treatment, and required direct flower–yeast contact. Finally, we observed deterioration of the epidermal layer of the hypanthium in some of the Blossom Protect-treated flowers, suggesting that PR gene induction in flowers may be a result of pathogenesis by A. pullulans.
Aging and obesity prime the methylome and transcriptome of adipose stem cells for disease and dysfunction
Authors: Xie Shaojun , Choudhari Sulbha , Wu Chia‐Lung , Abramson Karen , Corcoran David , Gregory Simon G. , Thimmapuram Jyothi , Guilak Farshid , Little Dianne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe epigenome of stem cells occupies a critical interface between genes and environment, serving to regulate expression through modification by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We hypothesized that aging and obesity, which represent major risk factors for a variety of diseases, synergistically modify the epigenome of adult adipose stem cells (ASCs). Using integrated RNA‐ and targeted bisulfite‐sequencing in murine ASCs from lean and obese mice at 5‐ and 12‐months of age, we identified global DNA hypomethylation with either aging or obesity, and a synergistic effect of aging combined with obesity. The transcriptome of ASCs in lean mice was relatively stable to the effects of age, but this was not true in obese mice. Functional pathway analyses identified a subset of genes with critical roles in progenitors and in diseases of obesity and aging. Specifically, Mapt, Nr3c2, App, and Ctnnb1 emerged as potential hypomethylated upstream regulators in both aging and obesity (AL vs. YL and AO vs. YO), and App, Ctnnb1, Hipk2, Id2, and Tp53 exhibited additional effects of aging in obese animals. Furthermore, Foxo3 and Ccnd1 were potential hypermethylated upstream regulators of healthy aging (AL vs. YL), and of the effects of obesity in young animals (YO vs. YL), suggesting that these factors could play a role in accelerated aging with obesity. Finally, we identified candidate driver genes that appeared recurrently in all analyses and comparisons undertaken. Further mechanistic studies are needed to validate the roles of these genes capable of priming ASCs for dysfunction in aging‐ and obesity‐associated pathologies.
Occult diaphramatic injury in penetrating trauma: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Pothiawala Sohil 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Diaphragmatic injuries in penetrating trauma are occult and may be easily missed. Common signs of diaphragmatic injury on computed tomography scan include discontinuous and/or dangling diaphragm sign, thickened diaphragm, organ herniation, collar sign, associated rib fracture, and contiguous injury on either side of the diaphragm. The detection of these signs varies based on the mechanism of injury, that is, penetrating versus blunt injury. Surgical management of an unstable patient with penetrating trauma and diaphragmatic injury is exploratory laparotomy, while laparoscopy is an alternate option in hemodynamically stable patients. A high level of suspicion is required to avoid missing this occult diagnosis and its associated complications.
Correlation between Glasgow Coma Scale with central venous pressure and near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with acquired brain injury in the intensive care unit of Adam Malik Hospital Medan
Authors: Wafie Galdy , Nasution Akhyar H. , Lubis Bastian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is caused by trauma or nontrauma to the brain after birth. Increased intracranial pressure in patients with traumatic or nontraumatic brain injury affects the cerebral perfusion pressure. After traumatic brain injury, there is an increase in air content in the brain and an increase in volume of blood flow to the brain, which can cause increased intracranial pressure, herniation of brain tissue, impaired cerebral perfusion, and brain damage. Most patients with traumatic brain injury die from uncontrolled increases in intracranial pressure. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring are also associated with cerebral perfusion. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and CVP and NIRS values in patients with ABI.

Methods
This prospective analytical study used a cross-sectional design to compare GCS scores with CVP and NIRS values in patients with traumatic and nontraumatic brain injury in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan. GCS, CVP, and NIRS descriptive data in patients with brain injury were presented in terms of mean and standard deviation if the data were normally distributed, or median (interquartile range) values if the data were not normally distributed. The relationship between GCS scores and CVP and NIRS values was assessed using the Pearson correlation test if the data were normally distributed, or the Spearman test if the data were not normally distributed.

Results
In this study, the mean GCS score and CVP values were 7.04 ± 2.69 and 5.63 ± 25.82 mmHg, respectively. The right tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) was 55.61% ± 18.72%, and the left StO2 was 57.57% ± 17.48% with normally distributed data. There was no correlation between GCS scores and CVP values (P = 0.829), and no correlation between moderate GCS scores and right and left StO2 (P = 0.343; P = 0.121); however, there was a significantly strong positive correlation between severe GCS scores and right and left StO2 (P = 0.028, r = 0.656; P = 0.005, r = 0.777).

Conclusion
There was no significant correlation between GCS scores and CVP values, and no correlation between moderate GCS scores and NIRS values; however, there was a significantly strong positive correlation between severe GCS scores and NIRS values in patients with ABI at the ICU of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan.