bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stratified activity: Vertical partitioning of the diel cycle by rainforest mammals in Borneo
Authors: Haysom Jessica K. , Deere Nicolas J. , Mahyudin Azniza , Struebig Matthew J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnimal activity is driven by the environmental conditions and physical structure of a habitat, and the need to interact with, or avoid, other animals. Knowledge of the proportion of the 24‐hour cycle spent active (activity level), and the time/s of day in which activity is concentrated (activity pattern), informs our understanding of species' ecology and community dynamics. In multidimensional habitats such as tropical rainforests, arboreal (canopy‐dwelling) taxa comprise up to three‐quarters of vertebrate assemblages; yet, wildlife surveys are typically limited to ground level. Terrestrial‐only sampling can result in activity metrics that do not take account of species' full use of horizontal and vertical habitat space. We paired ground‐ and canopy‐level camera traps to characterize mammal activity across vertical strata in Borneo. Additionally, we sampled unlogged and recovering‐logged rainforest to evaluate whether this activity was impacted by logging. Activity across vertical strata varied substantially among 37 species. Arboreal mammals were predominantly nocturnal or diurnal but never cathemeral, terrestrial mammals were mostly nocturnal or cathemeral, and semi‐arboreal mammals appeared to fill the temporal niches under‐utilized by other groups. Differences in activity between unlogged and recovering‐logged forest were minimal, with 92% of species found in both forest types retaining the same activity pattern. Our study demonstrates that the inclusion of canopy‐based sampling provides much greater insights into overall rainforest mammal activity than terrestrial sampling alone. Our results suggest that the varying opportunities and constraints of each stratum act in concert to influence the diel patterns of tropical mammals.Abstract in Malay is available with online material.
Nucleus‐localized circSLC39A5 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma development by binding to STAT1 to regulate TDG transcription
Authors: Liu Meiliang , Lai Mingshuang , Li Deyuan , Zhang Ruirui , Wang Lijun , Peng Wenyi , Yang Jialei , He Wanting , Sheng Yonghong , Xiao Suyang , Nan Aruo , Zeng Xiaoyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are inextricably linked to cancer development. However, the function and mechanism of nucleus‐localized circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still require investigation. Here, qRT‐PCR and receiver‐operating characteristic curve were used to detect the expression and diagnostic potential of circSLC39A5 for HCC. The biological function of circSLC39A5 in HCC was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Nucleoplasmic separation assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, the HDOCK Server, the NucleicNet Webserver, crosslinking‐immunoprecipitation, MG132 treatment, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were utilized to explore the potential molecular mechanism of circSLC39A5 in HCC. The results showed that circSLC39A5 was downregulated in both HCC tissues and plasma and was associated with satellite nodules and lymph node metastasis/vascular invasion. CircSLC39A5 was stably expressed in plasma samples under different storage conditions, showing good diagnostic potential for HCC (AUC = 0.915). CircSLC39A5 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion, facilitated the apoptosis of HCC cells, and was associated with low expression of Ki67 and CD34. Remarkably, circSLC39A5 is mainly localized in the nucleus and binds to the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), affecting its stabilization and expression. STAT1 binds to the promoter of thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG). Overexpression of circSLC39A5 elevates TDG expression and reverses the increase of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and the overactive cell proliferation caused by TDG silencing. Our findings uncovered a novel plasma circRNA, circSLC39A5, which may be a potential circulating diagnostic marker for HCC, and the mechanism by which nucleus‐localized circSLC39A5 exerts a transcriptional regulatory role in HCC by affecting STAT1/TDG/PCNA provides new insights into the mechanism of circRNAs.
In vivo protective efficacy of astaxanthin against ionizing radiation‐induced DNA damage
Authors: Aşcı Çelik Dilek , Toğay Vehbi Atahan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAstaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment, is believed to be effective in the repair of DNA damage. Our study evaluates the effect of astaxanthin on DNA damage in rats exposed to whole‐body radiotherapy using the comet assay. Thirty‐two male rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, ionizing radiation, astaxanthin, and radiation+astaxanthin). The radiation and radiation+astaxanthin groups were exposed to X‐rays at a dose of 8 gray (0.62 gray/min). Astaxanthin was administered at 4 mg/kg by gavage for 7 days starting from irradiation. The %TailDNA parameter was chosen as an indicator of DNA damage and the results were compared using one‐way ANOVA. %TailDNA was 3.24 ± 3.12 in the control group, 2.85 ± 2.73 in the astaxanthin group, 4.11 ± 7.90 in the radiation group, and 3.59 ± 4.05 in the radiation+astaxanthin group. There was a significant increase in DNA damage in the radiation group, compared with the control and astaxanthin groups (p < .001). DNA damage was reduced in the radiation+astaxanthin group compared with the radiation group (p < .05). Although this decrease did not reduce damage to the level of the control group, it was significant. The decrease in radiation‐induced DNA damage by astaxanthin administration in our study supports the hypothesis that astaxanthin is a promising agent for against/reducing DNA damage.
A new experimental rat model of nocebo‐related nausea involving double mechanisms of observational learning and conditioning
Authors: Zhang Yu , Huang Wanbin , Shan Zhengming , Zhou Yanjie , Qiu Tao , Hu Luyu , Yang Liu , Wang Yue , Xiao Zheman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThe nocebo effect, such as nausea and vomiting, is one of the major reasons patients discontinue therapy. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown due to a lack of reliable experimental models. The goal of this study was to develop a new animal model of nocebo‐related nausea by combining observational learning and Pavlovian conditioning paradigms.MethodsMale Sprague–Dawley rats with nitroglycerin‐induced migraine were given 0.9% saline (a placebo) or LiCl (a nausea inducer) following headache relief, according to different paradigms.ResultsBoth strategies provoked nocebo nausea responses, with the conditioning paradigm having a greater induction impact. The superposition of two mechanisms led to a further increase in nausea responses. A preliminary investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed clearly raised peripheral and central cholecystokinin (CCK) levels, as well as specific changes in the 5‐hydroxytryptamine and cannabinoid systems. Brain networks related to emotion, cognition, and visceral sense expressed higher c‐Fos‐positive neurons, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, basolateral amygdala (BLA), thalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVT), hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), periaqueductal gray (PAG), and dorsal raphe nucleus‐dorsal part (DRD). We also found that nausea expectances in the model could last for at least 12 days.ConclusionThe present study provides a useful experimental model of nocebo nausea that might be used to develop potential molecular pathways and therapeutic strategies for nocebo.
Iron overload suppresses hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice: Implication for iron dysregulation‐linked neurological diseases
Authors: Li Jie , Ding Yiqian , Zhang Jianhua , Zhang Yating , Cui Yiduo , Zhang Yi , Chang Shiyang , Chang Yan‐Zhong , Gao Guofen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsAdult hippocampal neurogenesis is an important player in brain homeostasis and its impairment participates in neurological diseases. Iron overload has emerged as an irreversible factor of brain aging, and is also closely related to degenerative disorders, including cognitive dysfunction. However, whether brain iron overload alters hippocampal neurogenesis has not been reported. We investigated the effect of elevated iron content on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and explored the underlying mechanism.MethodsMouse models with hippocampal iron overload were generated. Neurogenesis in hippocampus and expression levels of related molecules were assessed.ResultsIron accumulation in hippocampus remarkably impaired the differentiation of neural stem cells, resulting in a significant decrease in newborn neurons. The damage was possibly attributed to iron‐induced downregulation of proprotein convertase furin and subsequently decreased maturation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thus contributing to memory decline and anxiety‐like behavior of mice. Supportively, knockdown of furin indeed suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis, while furin overexpression restored the impairment.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated that iron overload damaged hippocampal neurogenesis likely via iron–furin–BDNF pathway. This study provides new insights into potential mechanisms on iron‐induced neurotoxicity and the causes of neurogenesis injury and renders modulating iron homeostasis and furin expression as novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of neurological diseases.
Classification analysis of burnout people's brain images using ontology‐based speculative sense model
Authors: Sivaparthipan Chandrakirishnan Balakrishnan , Kumar Priyan Malarvizhi , Chandu Thota , Muthu BalaAnand , Ali Mohammed Hasan , Tomaš Boris 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBurnout is a state of exhaustion that results from prolonged, excessive workplace stress. This can be examined with the biological explications of burnout and physical consequences and classified against prolonged vigorous activities. The research aims to classify burnout people's brain images against prolonged emotional activities using ontology analysis of treatment and prevention and intermediate layers formation based on a speculative sense model. In this segment, the Ontology analysis of Treatment and prevention and intermediate layers formation based on a hypothetical sense model is employed for burnout people's classification analysis. The methodology is performed in the platform of ontology creation and performs the classification analysis. The calculation analysis found the result, and the brain images were classified. The classification analysis of burnout people's brain images, separation of prolonged vigorous activities, and the ontology creation for treatment and prevention against burnout people's brain images were obtained. The analysis received the result, and the results of the precision, recall, storage, computation time, specificity, and classification of burnout people's brain images were obtained. Furthermore, all these Ontology analysis of Treatment and prevention and intermediate layers formation based on a hypothetical sense model had the prediction sensitivity (SN) over 50% and specificity (SP) over 90%. The Classification of Burnout People's Brain performance comparison shows that the proposed system is much more successful than existing methods, especially on a scoring accuracy of 98%.
Socioeconomic status and in‐hospital outcomes for patients undergoing heart transplantation or ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Minhas Abdul Mannan Khan , Fudim Marat , Garan A Reshad , Davis Jonathan D. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Antoine Steve M. , Fedson Savitri , Nambi Vijay , Abramov Dmitry 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlthough lower socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with worse in‐hospital outcomes among patients with heart failure, the in‐hospital outcomes for patients undergoing durable Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) implantation or Heart Transplantation (HT) based on SES have not been well characterized.MethodsWe analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample of hospitalizations between January 2016 and December 2020 of patients aged 18 and over who underwent a HT or newly implanted LVAD. Quartile classification of the median household income of the patient's residential zip code was used to estimate SES. Multivariable analyses with logistic and linear regression were used to evaluate the effects of SES on inpatient outcomes including inpatient mortality, length of stay, and key inpatient complications.ResultsA total of 16,265 weighted hospitalizations for new LVAD implantation and 14,320 weighted hospitalizations for HT were identified. In multivariable analysis, among patients undergoing HT or LVAD implantation respectively, there were no significant differences between the lowest and highest SES quartiles among important in‐hospital outcomes including length of stay (adj B‐coeff .56, (−3.59)–(4.71), p = .79 and adj B‐coeff 2.40, (−.21)–(5.02), p = .07) and mortality (aOR 1.02, .61–1.70, p = .94 and aOR 1.08, .72–1.62, p = .73). There were also no differences based on SES quartile in important inpatient complications including stroke and cardiac arrest.ConclusionIn this analysis from the National Inpatient Sample, we demonstrate that SES, evaluated by median zip code income, was not associated with important in‐hospital metrics including mortality and length of stay among patients undergoing LVAD or HT.
Green Growth and the Balance‐of‐payments Constraint
Authors: Oberholzer Basil 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThe notion of green growth emphasizes environmental and climate policies that make economic activities more sustainable while contributing to higher growth. In developing countries, the ability of such policies to help solve the most pressing economic challenges is essential for green growth to be a viable concept. Notably, current account deficits, foreign exchange shortage and external debt accumulation are serious obstacles to economic development. The analysis in this article therefore approaches green growth from a new perspective. With a focus on energy, the article estimates the impact of the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy on the balance‐of‐payments constrained growth of energy‐importing developing and emerging economies. It assumes that their current economic structure otherwise remains the same. Since renewable energy production is more efficient than fossil fuel combustion and reduces import dependence, the energy transition increases the annual balance‐of‐payments constrained growth rate of the selected countries by up to 2.5 percentage points on average in a scenario from the present until 2050. This means that policies in favour of renewable energy allow those countries to grow faster without accumulating foreign debt or even triggering currency crises. Consequently, staying with the current fossil fuel‐based energy system implies missing a significant potential for growth and development.
Misaligned Social Policy? Explaining the Origins and Limitations of Cash Transfers in Sudan
Authors: Ali Muez , Mann Laura 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThis article examines whether the transitional government in the wake of the December 2018 Sudanese revolution succeeded in realigning social policy with public demands. The article focuses on the evolution of cash transfer programmes from the 2012 cash programme under the Ingaz regime to the transitional government's programme 2021. While the recent programme was popularly viewed as a ‘World Bank programme’, its originators were in fact Sudanese professionals. Similarly, the Ingaz regime experimented with cash transfers before seeking out World Bank technical support. In this sense, cash transfers cannot be seen as an external imposition, as domestic actors have favoured them across different regimes. Yet, their appeal may still reflect the ‘choicelessness’ that Thandika Mkandawire associated with structural adjustment, as in both cases cash transfers were introduced as part of broader economic reform. Sudan's case is distinct in the sense that its domestic policy makers did not begrudgingly accept cash transfers but were enthusiastic instigators of them. The article traces the origins of this enthusiasm within Sudan's recent political history and explores the way in which alignment with international mainstream policy making locks Sudan into a bind. The country urgently needs to reverse the fragmentation of social policy along geographic and racial lines, yet these programmes do little to overcome such regional and racial inequalities. Thus, even after a popular revolution displaced the prevailing political settlement and called for radical change, policy makers remain misaligned to public demands.
Demonstration of subclinical left ventricular electrical and mechanical dysfunction in overweight subjects by frontal QRS‐T angle and 3D‐speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Mammadov Ganbar , Taskin Ugur , Dindas Ferhat , Dogdus Mustafa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOverweightness is a considerable step in the process leading to obesity. There are no sufficient studies on the effect of cardiomyopathy defined in obese patients about overweight subjects. We thought that it may be useful to examine the myocardial involvement in overweight individuals electro‐mechanically with more sensitive techniques before the development of obesity cardiomyopathy.AimThe aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether or not there are subclinical left ventricular (LV) electrical and mechanical dysfunctions in overweight patients using frontal QRS‐T (fQRS‐T) angle (electrically) and 3D‐speckle tracking echocardiography (mechanically).MethodsA total of 80 overweight patients and 80 age‐ and sex‐matched normal weight individuals were enrolled into the study. 3D‐STE examinations of the patients were performed. Electrocardiographic recordings were obtained for fQRS‐T angle assessment.ResultsThe LV‐GLS and LV‐GCS were significantly depressed in the overweight group than in the normal weight group (−14.5 ± 3.4 vs. −21.7 ± 3.6, p < .001; −15.2 ± 4.6 vs. −24.3 ± 4.8, p < .001, respectively). The fQRS‐T angle was found to be increased in the overweight group (142.5 ± 39.2 vs. 114.7 ± 43.5, p = < .001). Statistically significant positive linear correlations were observed between BMI with LV‐GLS, LV‐GCS, and fQRS‐T angle. LV‐GLS and LV‐GCS were found to be disrupted linearly as BMI increased (r = .718 for BMI and LV‐GLS, r = .653 for BMI and LV‐GCS). As BMI increased, it was found that the fQRS‐T angle increased (r = .692 for BMI and fQRS‐T angle).ConclusionOur results support that, overweight individuals, despite their being apparently healthy, may have subclinical LV myocardial mechanical and electrical dysfunction.
Mediterranean ants can increase nymph mortality in the stink bug Nezara viridula without interfering with its egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis
Authors: Schifani Enrico , Peri Ezio , Giannetti Daniele , Alınç Tuğcan , Colazza Stefano , Grasso Donato A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnts (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) play a relevant ecological role across terrestrial ecosystems. Recent studies suggest that the presence of ants in crops could lead to a decrease in the populations of insect pests, but how these actions can vary along the different trophic levels is not well known. The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest which is regularly found on horticultural agroecosystems closely associated with its main egg parasitoid, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). We conducted laboratory experiments to test whether two Mediterranean ant species, the generalist predators Crematogaster scutellaris (Olivier) and Tapinoma magnum Mayr, attack N. viridula eggs or nymphs, and whether they interfere with the parasitization activity of T. basalis. The experiment showed that both ant species significantly increased the mortality of N. viridula nymphs, whereas they do not attack their eggs and do not interfere with the egg parasitoids. Our results suggest that ants and egg parasitoids may have an integrable role in biocontrol strategies against this pest.
CAR‐T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: Where are we now and where are we heading for?
Authors: Khan Aalia N. , Asija Sweety , Pendhari Juber , Purwar Rahul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) therapy has emerged as a revolutionary new pillar in cancer care, particularly in relapsed/refractory (r/r) B‐cell malignancies. Following impressive clinical outcomes in hematological malignancies, the FDA‐approved six CAR‐T cell products for indications such as lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. Despite the numerous advantages of CAR‐T cell treatment, several challenges exist that interfere with its therapeutic efficacy. Serious adverse effects connected with the treatment continue to be a major concern. In addition, poor persistence of therapeutics and antigen escape frequently result in tumor relapse. Exorbitant treatment cost further remains a significant barrier to its effective implementation, limiting its accessibility. This review presents progress of CAR‐T research, the key obstacles that hamper promising outcomes for patients with hematological malignancies, and a few strategies to overcome them.
A scale of parent‐to‐child emotions: Adaptation, factor structure, and measurement invariance
Authors: Hada Ayako , Ohashi Yukiko , Usui Yuriko , Kitamura Toshinori 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmotions that parents feel when they think about their own child are extremely important in determining parenting approaches toward a child. Parental emotions should be defined under the rubric of human emotions that include both basic and self‐conscious emotions. The Scale for Parent‐to‐Baby Emotions (SPBE) was developed underlying this concept, whereas an applicable scale for parent‐to‐child emotions for a wider age range for both mothers and fathers is needed. This study is aimed at examining the measurement invariance of this adapted scale among Japanese families. In a cross‐sectional internet survey, men and women who had a child/children (including a fetus), whose eldest was aged up to 12 years old (N = 4600), were recruited. The questionnaire, which included the Scale for Parent‐to‐Child‐Emotions‐62 (SPCE‐62) created from the SPBE via a process of rigorous translation, focused only on the eldest child. The feasibility of the SPCE‐62 was assessed by a panel of three researchers. Each domain of both basic and self‐conscious emotions was examined both in terms of robust factor structure and stable measurement invariance by multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis. Responses to individual items were examined via item response theory, including differential item functioning. This resulted in a 43‐item SPCE consisting of 9 domains: Happiness (four items), Anger (six items), Fear (four items), Sadness (five items), Disgust (five items), Shame (five items), Guilt (seven items), Alpha Pride (three items), and Beta Pride (four items). An empirical construct of parental emotion toward a child was derived. The SPCE makes it possible to measure parent‐to‐child emotions across parents' gender and the three age ranges of the child.