bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in postpartum women with neurological conditions
Authors: Anderson Annika , Rowles William , Poole Shane , Balan Ayushi , Bevan Carolyn , Brandstadter Rachel , Ciplea Andrea I. , Cooper Joanna , Fabian Michelle , Hale Thomas W. , Jacobs Dina , Kakara Mihir , Krysko Kristen M. , Longbrake Erin E. , Marcus Jacqueline , Repovic Pavle , Riley Claire S. , Romeo Andrew R. , Rutatangwa Alice , West Timothy , Hellwig Kerstin , LaHue Sara C. , Bove Riley 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePostpartum, patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have increased risk for disease activity. Anti‐CD20 IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are increasingly used as disease‐modifying therapies (DMTs). Patients may wish to both breastfeed and resume DMT postpartum. This study aimed to determine the transfer of anti‐CD20 IgG1 mAbs, ocrelizumab, and rituximab (OCR/RTX), into mature breastmilk and describe maternal and infant outcomes.MethodsFifty‐seven cis‐women receiving OCR/RTX after 59 pregnancies and their infants were enrolled and followed up to 12M postpartum or 90 days post‐infusion. Breastmilk was collected pre‐infusion and serially up to 90 days and assayed for mAb concentration. Medical records and patients' questionnaire responses were obtained to assess neurologic, breastfeeding, and infant development outcomes.ResultsThe median average concentration of mAb in breastmilk was low (OCR: 0.08 μg/mL, range 0.05–0.4; RTX: 0.03 μg/mL, range 0.005–0.3). Concentration peaked 1–7 days post‐infusion in most (77%) and was nearly undetectable after 90 days. Median average relative infant dose was <1% (OCR: 0.1%, range 0.07–0.7; RTX: 0.04%, range 0.005–0.3). Forty‐three participants continued to breastfeed post‐infusion. At 8–12 months, the proportion of infants' growth between the 3rd and 97th World Health Organization percentiles did not differ for breastfed (36/40) and non‐breastfed (14/16, p > 0.05) infants; neither did the proportion with normal development (breastfed: 37/41, non‐breastfed: 11/13; p > 0.05). After postpartum infusion, two mothers experienced a clinical relapse.InterpretationThese confirm minimal transfer of mAb into breastmilk. Anti‐CD20 mAb therapy stabilizes MS activity before conception to the postpartum period, and postpartum treatments appears to be safe and well‐tolerated for both mother and infant.
Monoanionic Phosphorus‐Supported Air Stable Cu(I)8, Ag(I)7, and Ag(I)5 Nanoclusters Exhibiting TADF: A Novel Photocatalyst for Stereoselective Carbene Transfer Reactions
Authors: Nag Ekta , Patra Asutosh , Francis Maria , Patra Usharani , Roy Sudipta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractApplications of structurally well‐defined coinage‐metal nanoclusters (NCs) as optoelectronic materials and homogeneous catalysts have been restricted due to their inherent lower stability. Herein, the syntheses, structural characterizations, and photoluminescence properties of three novel air‐stable coinage‐metal(I) NCs‐supported by carbene‐anchored monoanionic phosphorus (cAAC=P−) with molecular formulae [(Cy‐cAACP)4(Cu)4(CuCl)4] (4), [(Cy‐cAACP)4(Ag)4(AgOTf)3] (5), and [(Cy‐cAACP)4(Ag)5]NTf2 (6) (cAAC = cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene; Tf = CF3SO2) exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are reported. Apart from attractive metallophilic interactions [M─M; M ═ Cu, Ag], the enhanced kinetic and thermodynamic stability of 4–6 can be attributed to the excellent π‐accepting ability of cAAC=P− surrounding the metallic cores. cAAC=P− anion is generated either in situ by anion‐induced cleavage of P−Sb/B bonds of corresponding stibanyl/boryl phosphaalkenes in the presence of coinage‐metal(I)‐Cl/OTf/NTf2 salts or by directly introducing alkali‐metal phosphinidenide. The TADF properties of 4–6 are established by smaller energy gaps between the lowest singlet excited state and triplet excited state. In solid‐state, the delayed fluorescence lifetimes of 4–6 are found to be in the microsecond range with absolute photoluminescence quantum yields up to 20%. The redox‐active Cu(I)8 NC 4 is successfully exploited as an efficient photo‐catalyst for the selective carbene transfer reaction at ambient conditions, affording cyclopropanated indoles/styrenes with excellent yields and diastereoselectivity.
Machine Embroidery Enclosure for Stretchable Fiber Optic Respiration Sensor
Authors: Jo Jeyeon , Park Heeju T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeveloping an unobtrusive respiration sensor is a key task for daily health and safety monitoring, especially for individuals with potential breathing abnormalities or those performing in physically challenging conditions. This study introduces a machine‐embroidered enclosure that guides a soft and extensible lightguide to react to the strains on a compression shirt caused by the respiration of the wearer. The shape of the stretchable optical fiber changes from serpentine in rest (exhalation) to straight under strain (inhalation), which affects the light transmittance. In tests with 13 healthy adults, the respiratory volume prediction through a deep learning model trained by the light intensity and truth from a commercial spirometer shows a high correlation in both static (r2 > 0.880) and dynamic postures (r2 > 0.690). This system also accurately measures the respiratory rate under sitting and walking conditions (absolute error <1.513 BPM, SNR > 7.122 dB). The strain‐sensing capability of this sensor depends on the parameters of the embroidery, including the stitch density, stitch tightness, and embroidery shape. Durability tests confirm that the system still functions after 100 000 abrasions and 10 cold washes.
Race and premium misrating in the U.S. Federal Crop Insurance Program
Authors: Teal Jim , Stevens Andrew W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUSDA farm support programs have an established history of racial discrimination. Today, the Federal Crop Insurance Program is among the largest and most important programs available to U.S. farmers. Previous research has documented systematic misrating of crop insurance premiums with sizable welfare implications. In this paper, we explore whether producer race measured at the county level has explanatory power in a model of crop insurance misrating. We find that in some cases it does, raising concerns about the possibilities of racially discriminatory impacts of the RMA's rate‐setting methodology. Further research is needed to isolate the mechanisms that explain our findings.
Influence of particle z‐potential and experimental procedure on protein corona formation and multicomponent aggregation
Authors: López Ruiz Aida , Xiao Mengyuan , Sathya Asmitha , Piccininni Nicole , Liu Guangliang , Siddiq Noshin , Chen Hao , McEnnis Kathleen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrug delivery systems have renewed attention in recent years to achieve targeted delivery while decreasing toxic side effects. However, there are many factors that prevent optimal administration of drug delivery particles. For instance, protein corona formation and aggregation both decrease the circulation half‐life of drug delivery particles, leading to sequestration to the liver and spleen. Therefore, optimal surface modifications are needed to decrease protein corona formation and avoid aggregation. In this work, polystyrene particles were modified with multi‐arm and linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) to determine their aggregation profiles and protein corona formation. Multi‐arm PEGs were found to aggregate more than linear PEGs, due to the change in zeta potential from unreacted end groups, which may lead to shorter circulation half‐lives. Furthermore, the protein corona formation and composition were studied after different washing procedures, highlighting the importance of studying protein corona formation with undiluted blood plasma.
Bedarfsorientierte Aktivierung der Umesterungsreaktionen durch chemische Verstärkung in dynamischen Thiol‐en Photopolymeren
Authors: Alabiso Walter , Sölle Bernhard , Reisinger David , Guedes de la Cruz Gema , Schmallegger Max , Griesser Thomas , Rossegger Elisabeth , Schlögl Sandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChemische Verstärkung ist ein etabliertes Konzept in der Photolack‐Technologie, bei dem ein photochemisches Ereignis zu einer Kaskade von Folgereaktionen führt, die eine kontrollierte Veränderung der Löslichkeit eines Polymers ermöglichen. Wir übertragen dieses Konzept auf dynamische Polymernetzwerke, um durch UV‐Bestrahlung sowohl Katalysatoren als auch funktionelle Gruppen freizusetzen, die für Bindungsaustauschreaktionen erforderlich sind. In diesem Zusammenhang wird eine photochemisch erzeugte Säure zur Katalyse der Entschützungsreaktion der säurelabilen tert‐Butoxycarbonylgruppe verwendet, die zur Maskierung der Hydroxygruppen (−OH) eines Vinylmonomers eingesetzt wird. Zusätzlich dient die freigesetzte Säure auch als Katalysator für thermoaktivierte Umesterungen zwischen den entschützten Hydroxyl‐ und Estereinheiten. Eingeführt in ein orthogonal gehärtetes (450 nm) Thiol‐Klick‐Photopolymer, ermöglicht dieser Ansatz eine räumlich‐zeitlich kontrollierte Aktivierung von Bindungsaustauschreaktionen, was angesichts des Kompromisses zwischen Kriechbeständigkeit und Fließfähigkeit dynamischer Polymernetzwerke von entscheidender Bedeutung ist.
Unveiling the bioactive potential of Pimpinella anisum L. leaf extracts: Chromatographic profiling, antimicrobial efficiency, and cytotoxicity analysis
Authors: Dawoud Turki , Ameen Fuad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn various countries, Pimpinella has been used to cure several diseases for centuries. Therefore, we focus on one of its potent species in this research. The aim of this experimental study was to document the various extracts derived from Pimpinella anisum that can effectively eradicate oral pathogens. In addition, the presence of antioxidants, antimicrobials, and cytotoxicity was determined using chromatographic testing methods. The alkaloid range was from 22.34 ± 043 mg/g, and the saponin range was from 15.1 ± 1.07 mg/g. HPLC analysis showed that the samples contained eight identified phenolic compounds. The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract exhibited the highest inhibition region against Streptococcus iniae (43 ± 0.6 mm) and the lowest inhibition region against Staphylococcus haemolyticus (19 ± 0.2 mm) in 200 mg/mL of leaf ethanolic extracts. The antifungal activity revealed that ethanol showed the maximum inhibition zone against Aspergillus luchuensis (42.5 ± 0.19 mm) and the minimum inhibition zone against Aspergillus kawachii (15 ± 0.13 mm) in 200 mg/mL. The current study suggested that, after the isolation of individual components, P. anisum be investigated for assessing biological activity. The mixture and various combinations of these compounds may indicate a truly potent agent that is novel in its ability to combat a wide range of bacteria and oral pathogens.
Child marriage and education in the context of a global pandemic: Exploring the gendered implications of COVID‐inspired school closures in Ghana
Authors: Mohammed Abdul‐Rahim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article aims to cast light on the negative but silent effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on girls' education and welfare in Ghana. Since the pandemic emerged in 2019, unprecedented changes have occurred in ordinary people's health, education and social life. As a response to the pandemic, governments globally implemented social distancing regimes, lockdowns and school closures to curtail the spread of the virus. While this approach did help in curtailing the spread of the pandemic, implementing lockdowns and school closures in Ghana had unintended consequences: they amplified gendered inequalities in access to education. Drawing on one‐on‐one semi‐structured interviews with (i) 10 teachers and one head teacher, 13 parents of child brides, and 11 child brides (aged 15–19), and (ii) Focus group discussions (FGDs) with 15 community leaders in a rural Ghanaian setting (Mion), this article provides empirical evidence to show how the pandemic has disrupted the lives and education of 11 girls. In particular, school closures and rising poverty due to the pandemic led to increased child marriage. These 11 schoolgirls were seen as a burden by their parents, and, consequently, married off to older men as an adverse coping strategy. Furthermore, some of the girls themselves requested to be married, due to rising household chores occasioned by the school closures. Finally, the school closures also offered the community the justification to reactivate deeply held notions about the value of a girl's education as a basis for marrying them off.
Structural Description of Chiral E‐Tiling DNA Nanotubes with the Chiral Indices (n,m) and Handedness Defined by Microscopic Imaging
Authors: Feng Feiyang , Xiao Shou‐Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn structural DNA nanotechnology, E‐tiling DNA nanotubes are evidenced to be homogeneous in diameter and thus have great potential in biomedical applications such as cellular transport and communication, transmembrane ion/molecule channeling, and drug delivery. However, a precise structural description of chiral DNA nanotubes with chiral parameters was lacking, thus greatly hindering their application breadth and depth, until we recently raised and partly solved this problem. In this perspective, we summarize recent progress in defining the chiral indices and handedness of E‐tiling DNA nanotubes by microscopic imaging, especially atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. Such a detailed understanding of the chiral structures of E‐tiling DNA nanotubes will be very helpful in the future, on the one hand for engineering DNA nanostructures precisely, and, on the other, for realizing specific physicochemical properties and biological functions successfully.
Towards the Operational Window for Nitridic and Carbidic Palladium Nanoparticles for Directed Catalysis
Authors: Costley‐Wood Lucy G , Mohammed Khaled , Carravetta Marina , Decarolis Donato , Goguet Alexandre , Kordatos Apostolos , Vakili Reza , Manyar Haresh , McPake Erin , Skylaris Chris‐Kriton , Thompson Paul , Gibson Emma K , Wells Peter P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe reactions under which interstitial structures of Pd form are profoundly important and prevalent in catalysis; the formation and stability of Pd hydride structures are well understood, however, interstitial structures of the carbide and nitride are relatively under explored. This work reports a systematic study of the formation and stability of PdCx and PdNx at elevated temperatures and different atmospheres using in situ Pd L3 edge XANES spectroscopy. These studies were further complemented by the application of 14N MAS‐NMR experiments and computational DFT investigations. The experiments confirmed that PdCx was significantly more stable than PdNx; 14N MAS‐NMR provided direct confirmation on the formation of the nitride, however, the XANES studies evidenced very limited stability under the conditions employed. Moreover, the results suggest that the formation of the nitride imparts some structural changes that are not entirely reversible under the conditions used in these experiments. This work provides important insights into the stability of interstitial structures of Pd and the conditions in which they could be employed for directed catalytic processes.
Theoretical Analysis of Metals Supported on Tungsten Oxide Nanowires (W18O49) for Water Dissociation Reaction
Authors: Karim Nabila A. , Alias Muhammad Syafiq , Mohamad Yunus Rozan , Mastar@Masdar Mohd Shahbudin , Kamarudin Siti Kartom 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPt is the cause of the high total cost of fuel cells and electrolyzers, leading to difficult commercialization. Here, various types of metal atoms, i.e., Pt, Pd, Ni, Ir, Ag, and Rh, suitable for catalysts are used and supported by W18O49 nanowires for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by the density functional theory (DFT) method. Four adsorbate molecules involved in OER were tested on adsorption energy: OH, O, OOH, and OO. Although the adsorption energy of these adsorbate molecules indicates that W18O49 has low adsorption energy, the Gibbs free energy diagram demonstrates that W18O49 has high OER reaction energy. Pt, Pd, Ni, and Rh have the lowest Gibbs energy to initiate the reaction and reasonable Gibbs free energy for other OER reactions. Bimetallic or trimetallic active sites can be developed along with selecting other metals with Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ni to reduce the Gibbs free energy difference for the decomposition of OH to O and OOH to H2O. Ag metal can also be applied as a second or third metal because Ag exhibits a relatively low Gibbs free energy difference in the O to OOH step. A selectivity study of each step on bimetallic and trimetallic active sites needs to be performed.
Inertisierung von Mischern und Anlagen
Authors: Böning Matthias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOxidationsgefährdete Schüttgüter bleiben sehr viel länger haltbar, wenn der oxidierende Luftsauerstoff eliminiert wird. Man kann die Mischgüter im Mischer vakuumieren und anschließend mit einem Inertgas auf den Umgebungsdruck spannen, bevor die Verpackung und Abfüllung stattfindet. In der Praxis wird gerne eine Mischung aus Stickstoff und CO2 Gas verwendet. Der Sauerstoff kann wirkungsvoll aus dem Mischraum verbannt werden, indem die Umgebungsluft evakuiert wird. Das geschieht, wenn der Mischraum mit einem Inertgas mehrfach durchspült wird. Anstelle des Spülens kann der Mischraum auch vakuumiert werden (ggf. auch mehrfach nacheinander) und mit einem Inertgas befüllt werden.
Selective Cleavage of Methylene Linkage in Kraft Lignin over Commercial Zeolite in Isopropanol
Authors: Kong Xiangchen , Liu Chao , Zeng Hongyun , Fan Yuyang , Zhang Huiyan , Xiao Rui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLignin is an aromatic polymer that constitutes over 30 wt% of lignocellulosic biomass and is the most important source of renewable aromatics in nature. The global paper industry generates more than 70 million tons of Kraft lignin annually. Depolymerization of Kraft lignin to value‐added monomers can significantly enhance the profitability of biorefinery. However, the method is impeded by the severe condensation of Kraft lignin during the pulping process, which forms robust C−C bonds and results in low monomer yields. In this study, we present a stepwise approach for producing valuable aromatic monomers from Kraft lignin through the cleavage of both C−O and C−C bonds. The approach initiated with complete cleavage of C−O bonds between lignin units within Kraft lignin through alcoholysis in isopropanol, resulting in a monomer yield of 8.9 %. Subsequently, the selective cleavage of methylene linkages present in the residual dimers and oligomers was achieved with commercial MCM‐41 zeolite in the same pot, proceeding with an additional monomer yield of 4.0 %, thereby increasing the total monomer yield by 45 %. This work provides an avenue for increasing the depolymerization efficiency of Kraft lignin.
Metastasis of solitary fibrous tumor to the parotid gland diagnosed on aspiration cytology supplemented with immunocytochemistry
Authors: Kerkar Aadya , Kundu Reetu , Bhujade Harish , Singh Harmandeep , Dey Pranab 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) can occur in varied anatomic locations, most commonly being the extremities—superficial and deep soft tissues, followed by retroperitoneum, visceral organs, and the bone. Head and neck region may harbor a few with a predilection for the orbit and sinonasal tract, oral cavity, and rarely the salivary glands. The parotid gland is most involved among all salivary glands. Overall, SFT in salivary glands is rare and mostly seen as a primary tumor. The occurrence of metastasis to the parotid gland is exceedingly uncommon. We present cytological findings of SFT, metastatic to the parotid gland in a young 31‐year‐old lady where the diagnosis was confirmed with the help of immunocytochemistry (ICC) on the cell block. The smears were highly cellular and showed predominantly discrete round to oval tumor cells with mild pleomorphism, coarse chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, and scanty cytoplasm. Mitosis and focal areas of necrosis were noted. Lymphoglandular bodies were absent ruling out a non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Features were of a poorly differentiated malignant tumor with differentials being sarcoma, myoepithelial carcinoma, and carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma. A panel of ICC was done and positivity for signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) helped in clinching the correct diagnosis of SFT.
Drivers of resource allocation for breeding under variable environments in a bet hedger
Authors: Oro Daniel , Waldrep Cassidy , Bertolero Albert , Genovart Meritxell 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe evolutionary theory of life histories predicts that there is a trade‐off between survival and reproduction: since adult survival in long‐lived organisms is high, then breeding investment is more variable and more dependent on conditions (e.g. food availability and individual experience). Clutch features influence fitness prospects, but how a bet hedger builds its clutch in temporally varying environments is quite unknown. Using 27‐year data on 2847 clutches of known‐age breeders, we analyse how Audouin's gulls (Larus audouinii), a species showing a combination of conservative and adaptive bet‐hedging breeding strategies, can allocate energy by laying clutches and eggs of different sizes. Results show that both food availability and age influenced clutch size and total egg volume in a clutch. Interestingly, we found an interaction between food and age on egg parameters: total volume in two‐egg clutches, laid mostly by younger breeders, did not significantly change with food availability and the quadratic pattern in clutch size over the range of ages was less marked as long as food conditions became harsher. With increased food, females invested more by building larger first eggs, whereas they were more conservative on second and third eggs. Furthermore, asymmetries in egg volume within three‐egg clutches increased with food availability for old females. Egg size profiles of two‐egg clutches suggest that gulls should exhibit progressive reduction of the size of the third egg before shifting to a two‐egg clutch size. Food availability influenced all parameters studied, whereas age affected the amount of energy allocated for producing eggs (their size and number) but not the way of allocating those energies (i.e. asymmetries within the clutch). Despite the range of factors affecting the clutch, results suggest that females can allocate the amount of resources in a clutch optimally to increase their fitness under variable environments via bet‐hedging.
A database of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope of Precambrian strata in South China
Authors: Luo Chengzhang , Qi Liang , Xia Tianle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDetrital zircon U–Pb chronology database of Precambrian deposits provides a context for the interpretation of the origin and evolution of ancient crust. Here, we tried to summarize the published literature containing detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope data of Precambrian deposits in South China and then established a database, which contains details of information, such as reference, sample ID, locality, rock type, research institution, GPS coordinates, U–Pb ages and εHf(t) values. The data statistics of this paper rely on the OneSediment Working Group of The Deep‐time Digital Earth program (DDE). By November 2022, 610 samples with 38,278 U–Pb ages and 8,798 Lu‐Hf isotope data were collected from 136 papers, and these data can be downloaded from DDE Data Publish & Repository website, https://repository.deep‐time.org/. The purpose of the establishment of the dataset is to provide guidance and convenience for the research direction of future generations in South China and to improve the previous studies through the integrated data to avoid the waste of resources caused by a large number of repeated studies.