bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE AMONG US ADULTS AGED ≥45 YEARS, 2015–2020
Authors: Olivari Benjamin , Wooten Karen , Jackson Eva , McGuire Lisa , Croft Janet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recent studies report that older minorities have a higher prevalence of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the self-reported experience of worsening or more frequent memory loss or confusion, than older non-Hispanic Whites. This study describes the prevalence of SCD by race/ethnicity and select demographic and social characteristics among U.S. adults aged ≥45 years and whether those reporting symptoms of SCD talked with a health care professional about them. Data collected from 215,406 respondents by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in 2015-2020 were used in the analyses. Statistical comparisons were made using chi-square tests and p value of &lt; 0.05. SCD was reported by nearly 10% of the study population. Asian/Pacific Islanders (5.0%) were least likely to report experiences of SCD and American Indian/Alaska Natives (16.7%) were most likely to report the experience compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Among adults with SCD, Asian/Pacific Islander (34.5%) and Hispanic (40.5%) adults were less likely to talk with a health care professional about their SCD symptoms compared to non-Hispanic White (48.5), non-Hispanic Black (49.5%), and American Indian/Alaska Native (50.5%) adults. Early detection of SCD symptoms can be important to identify early signs of dementia or other potentially treatable conditions and establish a care plan to help people remain as healthy and independent for as long as possible. Health care professionals, especially those working with groups with increased prevalence of SCD, could consider initiating discussions with adults as young as 45 years of age to identify early signs of dementia-like symptoms.
THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTING THE PREFERENCES FOR EVERYDAY LIVING INVENTORY (PELI) ON SURVEY DEFICIENCY OUTCOMES
Authors: Abbott Katherine , Bowblis John , Straker Jane , Van Haitsma Kimberly 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Ohio Department of Medicaid added the PELI as one of five quality incentive points used to determine Medicaid per diem reimbursement rates with the goal of improving person-centered care among Ohio’s nursing homes (NHs). The purpose of this study was to explore if the degree of PELI implementation had an impact on quality as defined by deficiencies and star rating. Multinomial logistic regression of 1,300 NH-year observations was used to understand the relationships between survey star ratings/deficiency scores on PELI implementation controlling for organizational characteristics of the NH. We find complete PELI implementation statistically significantly increased the probability of being a 4- or 5-star survey-rated facility. Complete PELI implementation is associated with small improvements each year that add up. Organizational change takes commitment and persistent effort over time to see changes in quality as reflected by star ratings and deficiencies. Recommendations for practice and policy will be discussed.
PROJECT ECHO FOR NURSING HOMES: A PATIENT-CENTERED, RCT TO IMPLEMENT INFECTION CONTROL BEST PRACTICES IN NHS
Authors: Heilbrunn Emily , Calo William , Francis Erica , Kong Lan , Hogentogler Ellie , Fisher Abbey , Hood Nancy , Kraschnewski Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nursing homes (NHs) have been devastated by COVID-19. Only 3% of designated infection preventionists in NHs have taken a basic infection control course. Little is known about the implementation of effective infection control practices in NHs. This study utilizes Project ECHO (Extension for Community Health Outcomes), an evidence-based tele-mentoring model, to connect subject matter experts with NH staff to proactively support evidence-based infection control guideline implementation. This study will determine how guidelines can be implemented effectively in NHs, including reducing COVID-19 diagnoses and improving other key patient-centered outcomes (e.g., quality of life) NHs (N=136) were recruited and assigned to ECHO or ECHO Plus using a randomized design. A multi-pronged approach to improving infection control and emergency preparedness in NHs is important. The ECHO model has significant strengths allowing for remote learning delivered by a multi-disciplinary team and utilizes case discussions that match the context and capacity of NHs.
DEVELOPMENT OF DEMENTIA FRIENDS FOR INCARCERATED SETTINGS CURRICULUM
Authors: Burman Bonnie , Kinzig Elizabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This presentation describes the working relationships and steps that were taken to develop Dementia Friends for Incarcerated Settings. This included identifying population needs, approval processes, curriculum development specific to this population, learner coordination, implementation, measurement and reporting. Dementia Friends, a one-hour session to help everyone in a community understand five key messages about dementia, was used as the framework for an educational program targeting staff at correctional facilities. Dementia Friends is a standardized program that can be modified depending on the target audience or sector. Our sector-specific program was piloted in all 27 Ohio prisons to ensure that all staff are knowledgeable about ways to make a difference in the lives of those living with dementia.
INNOVATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY FOR SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS AND TO IMPROVE CAREGIVER COMMUNICATION AND TRAINING
Authors: Meng Hongdao , Barbeau Sean , Li Mingyang , Doyle Cassidy , Wiechart Kelly , Hammond Robert , Kearns William 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Music-based interventions (MBIs) have been shown to benefit persons with dementia. To develop new MBIs and build the evidence base for motor, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral outcomes, accurate measures of music exposure (e.g., content, dose, and duration) are critically important. However, most commercial music services require internet access and/or subscription fees without providing convenient ways for researchers to access music exposure data. Our research team developed the open-source MUsic to Support Engagement and Resilience (MUSER) Android application with an associated data processing engine. Caregivers can use MUSER to deliver individualized music selections via smartphones/tablets, with music exposure data being generated for research use. We used the Kotlin programming language for application development and Java/Python/Microsoft BI for data processing and analytics instrumentation. The MUSER application was tested for music exposure measurement feasibility with 16 users (ten research team members and six family caregivers of persons with dementia) for two weeks between July and November of 2021. Semi-structured interviews were conducted pre-post application testing to gather qualitative and quantitative data to enrich the understanding of user experiences. Family caregivers had a mean age of 57.8 (SD=26.2; range 20-77). The average number of listening days was 6 (SD=2.5), and the average music listening duration was 203 minutes (SD=123.2). Caregivers played an average of 52 (SD=36.9) songs from 10 (SD=4.2) albums involving 34 (SD=36.3) artists. Given the ease of deployment and integrated data collection and reporting capabilities, this application supports collaborative software development among researchers to advance MBI research.
NOT HAVING THE FAMILY, INSURANCE, AND MONEY AND EXPERIENCING LOTS OF PAIN: FEARS ABOUT CANCER AMONG OLDER LATINO MEN
Authors: Carrion Iraida , Neelamegam Malinee 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death among Latino men. A total of 44.1% of Latino males 60-years or older have a lifetime probability of developing invasive cancer with lower survival rates, even when accounting for age and stage distribution. Given the population growth is essential to examine older Latinos’ understanding of a cancer diagnosis. The study consisted of 200 surveys that included a qualitative component consisting of open-ended questions in Spanish. We separately analyzed the responses of the 57 immigrant Latino men to understand their perspective regarding cancer, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The median age is 68 years and the length of stay in the US is 27 years. Utilizing a grounded theory approach and thematic analysis, codes were developed based on five priori interview themes: leaving people behind, worry and stress about payment, emotions of sadness and fear of uncertainty, struggle with acceptance, and faith as comfort.
THE ROOM WHERE IT HAPPENS: ENGAGING EQUITABLY TO OPTIMIZE CANCER SURVIVORSHIP CARE
Authors: Seaman Aaron , Pagedar Nitin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cancer survivorship care programs, services, and research would benefit from including people living with a cancer history who have ceased their survivorship care in their engagement efforts. Our prior research with head and neck cancer survivors has shown that a considerable number of patients discontinue their post-treatment survivorship care despite still having care needs. Those patients who continue their care are also the ones most often engaged in research and community partnership; as the ones who are “in the room where it happens,” they consequently have the most influential voices in shaping survivorship care. In this paper, we underscore the necessity of including those who discontinue survivorship care in research and community engagement efforts. We use our work with head and neck cancer survivors as a model for strategizing ways to inclusively and respectfully do so.
A GOOD END OF LIFE WITH DEMENTIA ACROSS CULTURES
Authors: van der Steen Jenny 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Conceptualizations of a good end of life with dementia vary across cultures and understanding differences and similarities can help develop care planning tools and help understand validity of measuring it in the context of cross-cultural comparisons. We have analysed (2019-2020) 14 cross-cultural studies covering qualitative data of 121 people with dementia and 292 family caregivers. Nine cross-culturally common themes emerged, ranging from basic care needs addressed to satisfaction with life and spiritual well-being. Good relationships were essential in all themes, but an emphasis on “care for caregivers” differed the most across cultures. Based on this work, we expanded an existing dementia care goals model by refining palliative care goals beyond comfort and functioning, and in an ongoing Delphi study (2021-2022) it was evaluated by experts of over 30 countries. This session will report on these studies, focusing on relevant cross-cultural differences, and connecting it to available measures of comfort and end-of-life care.
DEATH AND DYING IN GREEN CARE FARMS
Authors: Meijers Judith , Smit Kirsten , de Boer Bram , Verbeek Hilde , Bolt Sascha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Green care farms form an alternative to traditional nursing homes for people with dementia and combine agriculture production with health-related, social and educational services. Twenty-four-hour care green care farms offer end-of-life care. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of healthcare workers and family caregivers with end-of-life care for people with dementia who died on a green care farm in the Netherlands. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted to explore their experiences with end-of-life care, including topics such as advance care planning, bereavement support and the influence of COVID-19. The study showed that most experiences were characterized by personal attention for the resident and family caregivers, and tailored holistic care. The duration of the dying phase was typically short, and most residents remained active until their final days. Despite the COVID-19 measures, healthcare workers and family caregivers still experienced adequate end-of-life care.
DUAL SENSORY LOSS AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS: FINDINGS FROM THE LONGITUDINAL AGING STUDY IN INDIA (LASI)
Authors: Wang Ethan , Morales Emmanuel Garcia , Lin Frank , Reed Nicholas , Deal Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Prior work suggests that vision and hearing loss may be risk factors for depressive symptoms in older adults. However, few studies have focused on the relationship of both vision and hearing loss (dual sensory loss, DSL) and depressive symptoms. Using the first nationally representative population study from LASI in India conducted from 2017-2019, Poisson models tested the association of DSL with depressive symptoms. Self-reported vision and hearing loss were associated with increased depressive symptoms (PR 1.29; 95%CI, 1.25-1.33 and 1.15; 95%CI, 1.09-1.22) after adjusting for age, sex, education, economic status, marital status, urbanicity, region, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and smoking. DSL had a 46% higher risk (95% CI, 1.37-1.56) of depressive symptoms. Poor vision and/or hearing loss may be a risk factor for depressive symptoms in adults in India aged ≥45 years. The risk of depressive symptoms in those with sensory loss should be investigated in further studies.
AGING AND THE SOCIAL BRAIN: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS
Authors: Perry Brea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Research suggests social connectedness reduces dementia risk and helps older adults with neuropathology maintain cognitive functionality and quality of life. However, little is known about the specific underlying social and biological mechanisms. This presentation provides an overview of three promising pathways through social bridging (i.e., cognitive enrichment through expansive social networks), social bonding (i.e., neuroendocrine benefits of integration in cohesive social networks), and social stress (i.e., HPA axis dysregulation resulting from social losses, role exits, and dysfunction or strain in relationships). It discusses how personal social network methodology combined with tests of general and social cognitive function and/or biomarkers can identify specific etiological mechanisms. These insights can be leveraged to develop policies and programs that support brain health and cognitive function in older adults. This presentation sets the stage for the remainder of the symposium, which presents empirical findings examining these mechanisms from a social network perspective.
NEUROLOGICAL CORRELATES OF SOCIAL BONDING AND BRIDGING
Authors: Manchella Mohit , Logan Paige , Perry Brea , Peng Siyun , Hamilton Lucas , Risacher Shannon , Saykin Andrew , Apostolova Liana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Social connectedness has been linked to decreased rates of cognitive decline in later life. However, recent work suggests that particular social network characteristics (i.e., bonding and bridging) may buffer against age-related degeneration. The present study analyzes social network and structural MRI data of 176 older adults from the Social Networks and Alzheimer’s Disease (SNAD) study. Results indicate that increased social bridging is associated with greater grey matter (GM) volume in several limbic structures. Increased social bonding is associated with greater GM volumes in several cerebral cortex structures as well as greater volumes in some components of the limbic system. Most notably, the effects of bridging are primarily lateralized in the left hemisphere while the effects of bonding are observed mostly in the right hemisphere. These results suggest that the neurocognitive benefits of social connectedness depend on the preponderance of bridging and/or bonding ties in older adults’ social networks.
FUNCTIONAL AGING TRAJECTORIES AND DRUG INTERACTIONS
Authors: Deliveira Thais Lopes , Hägg Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Markers of functional aging can be used to track biological aging longitudinally and how it changes in response to the environment, e.g., drugs. We aimed to investigate how different drug classes may alter functional aging trajectories using data from the National E-infrastructure of Aging Research (NEAR) in Sweden. Data were harmonized across several longitudinal cohorts of aging for general cognitive performance, grip strength, walking speed, sensory ability (visual and hearing), lung function and assessment of frailty using the accumulation deficit model known as the frailty index. Selected drug classes were lipid lowering, glucose lowering and blood pressure lowering medications that are commonly used in old adults. Preliminary analysis using data from one longitudinal cohort shows that using glucose lowering drugs was associated with lower frailty. Additional analyses are ongoing to increase sample sizes. We anticipate that several drug classes may be important for changing functional aging trajectories in late life.
AGE-RELATED HEARING LOSS, LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION, AND RISK FOR INCIDENT DEMENTIA IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Golub Justin , Brewster Katharine , Hu Mei-Chen , Zilcha-Mano Sigal , Brown Patrick , Wall Melanie , Roose Steven , Rutherford Bret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The interrelationships between hearing loss (HL), depression, and dementia remain poorly understood. 8529 participants ≥60 years without cognitive impairment were analyzed from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center uniform dataset. Participants had no HL, untreated HL, or treated HL. Outcomes included depression (15-item GDS≥5) and dementia conversion. A longitudinal logistic model examined the association between HL and changes in depressive symptoms. Cox proportional hazards models examined HL and incident dementia. Treated HL (vs no HL) had increased risk for depression (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.04-1.54) and dementia conversion (HR=1.29; 1.03-1.62). Baseline depression was a strong independent predictor for dementia conversion (HR=2.32, 1.77-3.05). Development/persistence of depression was also associated with dementia (HR=1.89, 1.47-2.42), but only accounted for 6% of the direct hearing-dementia relationship suggesting no significant mediation of depression. In conclusion, both HL and depression are independent risk factors for dementia conversion. Understanding the mechanisms linking these later-life disorders may identify targets for early interventions.
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION: USING NEW METHODS IN COLLABORATION WITH ART
Authors: Heinz Melinda , Gleissner Laura , Benton Nathan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Narrative analysis has been used extensively in qualitative research, but photo analysis is relatively new. In the present study, older adults took photographs and wrote narratives for 15 days about something that brought meaning and purpose to their lives. This presentation explains how both methods were paired together and the challenges of seeking Institutional Review Board (IRB) when new and “unproven” approaches are used. In our case, IRB reviewers were particularly concerned with identifying information in photographs and recommended that personal information (e.g., medication bottle) should be blurred when sharing photographs. Discussion of how using diverse qualitative methods can create opportunities for new dissemination methods and partnerships with other disciplines will also be noted. In our study, several pop-up art exhibits of participant photos and narratives were hung in public community spaces to promote greater discussion and reflection on purpose and meaning in later life.
COVID-19 INTENSIFIED HOME CARE WORKFORCE CHALLENGES
Authors: Hunter Melissa , Tyler Denise , Porter Kristie , Dey Judith , Squillace Marie , Haltermann William , Oliveira Iara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected home care workers in several important ways. The purpose of this study was to detail the challenges faced and the state and federal policy responses implemented to address those challenges. We conducted scans of federal and state policies enacted during the pandemic, home care agency practices described in media reports and the literature, and interviews with 25 stakeholders. Some challenges encountered were entirely new and resulted directly from the pandemic, such as limited access to personal protective equipment due to workers not being recognized as “essential.” In other cases, the pandemic worsened long-standing challenges, such as recruitment and retention. State policy responses included Medicaid rate increases, hazard pay, and changes to staff training requirements. Federal policy responses included disaster relief funding as well as allowing non-physician practitioners to order services. Stakeholders suggested additional policy changes will be needed to address ongoing challenges experienced by this workforce.
Fear and Violence, Loyalty and Treason: Settlement of Status in Syria
Authors: Sosnowski Marika 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article examines the arbitrary and oftentimes violent nature of loyalty and belonging in the case of Syria but with applicability to other authoritarian or high-surveillance contexts. It shows how the new “settlement of status” process is an extension of the governmentality of violence used by the Syrian regime to delineate loyal citizens from traitors. However, the article argues that this process is Janus-faced and actually serves to undermine the regime in the long run by destabilizing its surety around who is considered loyal and who is a potential threat. This uncertainty has the potential to sow the seeds for greater dissent and with it, act as one possible catalyst for the regime's eventual collapse. The Syrian case offers broader insights into the various social and political permutations of a citizen's relationship to the state and how that relationship can be impacted over time by the state's use of fear and violence as mechanisms for social control.
SCAT uncovers ATLAS’s first tidal disruption event ATLAS18mlw: a faint and fast TDE in a quiescent Balmer strong Galaxy
Authors: Hinkle Jason T , Tucker Michael A , Shappee Benjamin J , Holoien Thomas W-S , Vallely Patrick J , de Jaeger Thomas , Auchettl Katie , Aldering Greg , Ashall Chris , Desai Dhvanil D , Do Aaron , Payne Anna V , Tonry John L 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery that ATLAS18mlw was a tidal disruption event (TDE) in the galaxy WISEA J073544.83+663717.3, at a luminosity distance of 334 Mpc. Initially discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) on 2018 March 17.3, the TDE nature of the transient was uncovered only recently with the re-reduction of a SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS) spectrum. This spectrum, taken by the Spectral Classification of Astronomical Transients (SCAT) survey, shows a strong blue continuum and a broad H α emission line. Here, we present roughly 6 yr of optical survey photometry beginning before the TDE to constrain active galactic nucleus activity, optical spectroscopy of the transient, and a detailed study of the host galaxy properties through analysis of archival photometry and a host spectrum. ATLAS18mlw was detected in ground-based light curves for roughly 2 months. From a blackbody fit to the transient spectrum and bolometric correction of the optical light curve, we conclude that ATLAS18mlw is best explained by a low-luminosity TDE with a peak luminosity of log(L [erg s−1]) = 43.5 ± 0.2. The TDE classification is further supported by the quiescent Balmer strong nature of the host galaxy. We also calculated the TDE decline rate from the bolometric light curve and find ΔL40 = −0.7 ± 0.2 dex, making ATLAS18mlw a member of the growing class of ‘faint and fast’ TDEs with low peak luminosities and fast decline rates.