bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomograms for predicting overall survival and cancer-specific survival in elderly patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Cheng Hao , Xu Jin-Hong , Kang Xiao-Hong , Wu Chen-Chen , Tang Xiao-Nan , Chen Mei-Ling , Lian Zhu-Sheng , Li Ning , Xu Xue-Lian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most fatal gynecological malignancies among elderly patients. We aim to construct two nomograms to predict the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in elderly EOC patients.

Methods
Elderly patients with EOC between 2000 and 2019 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Enrolled patients were randomly divided into the training and validation set at a ratio of 2:1. The OS and CSS were recognized as endpoint times. The independent prognostic factors from the multivariate analysis were used to establish nomograms for predicting the 3-, 5- and 10-year OS and CSS of elderly EOC patients. The improvement of predictive ability and clinical benefits were evaluated by consistency index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curve, decision curve (DCA), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Finally, the treatment efficacy of surgery and chemotherapy in low-, medium-, and high-risk groups were displayed by Kaplan–Meier curves.

Results
Five thousand five hundred eighty-eight elderly EOC patients were obtained and randomly assigned to the training set (n = 3724) and validation set (n = 1864). The independent prognostic factors were utilized to construct nomograms for OS and CSS. Dynamic nomograms were also developed. The C-index of the OS nomogram and CSS nomogram were 0.713 and 0.729 in the training cohort. In the validation cohort, the C-index of the OS nomogram and CSS nomogram were 0.751 and 0.702. The calibration curve demonstrated good concordance between the predicted survival rates and actual observations. Moreover, the NRI, IDI, and DCA curves determined the outperformance of the nomogram compared with the AJCC stage system. Besides, local tumor resection had a higher benefit on the prognosis in all patients. Chemotherapy had a better prognosis in the high-risk groups, but not for the medium- risk and low-risk groups.

Conclusions
We developed and validated nomograms for predicting OS and CSS in elderly EOC patients to help gynecologists to develop an appropriate individualized therapeutic schedule.
Postdiagnosis circulating osteoprotegerin and TRAIL concentrations and survival and recurrence after a breast cancer diagnosis: results from the MARIE patient cohort
Authors: Le Cornet Charlotte , Jung Audrey Y. , Johnson Theron S. , Behrens Sabine , Obi Nadia , Becher Heiko , Chang-Claude Jenny , Fortner Renée T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Experimental studies suggest a role for osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in mammary tumor development and progression. These biomarkers have been minimally investigated with respect to outcomes in breast cancer patients.

Methods
OPG and TRAIL were evaluated in blood samples collected from 2459 breast cancer patients enrolled in the MARIE study, a prospective population-based patient cohort, at median of 129 days after diagnosis. Participants were between ages 50 and 74 at diagnosis and recruited from 2002 to 2005 in two regions of Germany. Follow-up for recurrence and mortality was conducted through June 2015. Delayed-entry Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess associations between OPG and TRAIL with all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality, and recurrence, both overall and by tumor hormone receptor status.

Results
Median follow-up time was 11.7 years, with 485 deaths reported (277 breast cancer-specific). Higher OPG concentrations were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for 1-unit log2-transformed concentration (HRlog2) = 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.03–1.49). Associations were observed in women diagnosed with ER-PR- tumors or discordant hormone receptor status (ER-PR-, HRlog2 = 1.93 (1.20–3.10); discordant ERPR, 1.70 (1.03–2.81)), but not for women with ER + PR + tumors (HRlog2 = 1.06 (0.83–1.35)). OPG was associated with a higher risk of recurrence among women with ER-PR- disease (HRlog2 = 2.18 (1.39–3.40)). We observed no associations between OPG and breast cancer-specific survival, or for TRAIL and any outcome.

Conclusions
Higher circulating OPG may be a biomarker of a higher risk of poor outcome among women diagnosed with ER- breast cancer. Further mechanistic studies are warranted.
USP5 knockdown alleviates lung cancer progression via activating PARP1-mediated mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Cao Lei , Liu Hongsheng , Huang Cheng , Guo Chao , Zhao Luo , Gao Chao , Xu Yuan , Wang Guige , Liang Naixin , Li Shanqing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
With the rapidly increasing morbidity and mortality, lung cancer has been considered one of the serious malignant tumors, affecting millions of patients globally. Currently, the pathogenesis of lung cancer remains unclear, hindering the development of effective treatment. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of lung cancer and develop an effective therapeutic approach for intervention in preventing lung cancer progress.

Methods
The USP5 levels are detected in lung cancerous and paracancerous tissue by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting methods to explore their roles in lung cancer progression. MTT, colony assay, and transwell chamber approaches are employed to measure cell viability, proliferation, and migration, respectively. Further, flow cytometry experiments are performed to examine the effect of USP5 on lung cancer. Finally, the investigations in vivo are executed using the mice subcutaneous tumor model to identify the effect of USP5 in promoting lung cancer development.

Results
Notably, USP5 is highly expressed in lung cancer, USP5 overexpression promoted the proliferation and migration in the lung cancer cell lines, H1299 and A549, while knockdown of USP5 inhibited these via regulating the PARP1-mediated mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, the subcutaneous tumors model was established in C57BL/6 mice, and the volume of subcutaneous tumors was significantly reduced after silencing USP5, while increased after USP5 overexpression and decreased significantly with shRARP1 treatment at the same time.

Conclusions
Together, USP5 could promote the progression of lung cancer cells by mTOR signaling pathway and interacting with PARP1, indicating that USP5 may become a new target for lung cancer treatment.
Characterizing the Wolbachia infection in field-collected Culicidae mosquitoes from Hainan Province, China
Authors: Li Yiji , Sun Yingbo , Zou Jiaquan , Zhong Daibin , Liu Rui , Zhu Chuanlong , Li Wenting , Zhou Yanhe , Cui Liwang , Zhou Guofa , Lu Gang , Li Tingting 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMosquitoes are vectors of many pathogens, such as malaria, dengue virus, yellow fever virus, filaria and Japanese encephalitis virus.Wolbachiaare capable of inducing a wide range of reproductive abnormalities in their hosts, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility.Wolbachiahas been proposed as a tool to modify mosquitoes that are resistant to pathogen infection as an alternative vector control strategy. This study aimed to determine naturalWolbachiainfections in different mosquito species across Hainan Province, China.MethodsAdult mosquitoes were collected using light traps, human landing catches and aspirators in five areas in Hainan Province from May 2020 to November 2021. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics, species-specific PCR and DNA barcoding ofcox1 assays. Molecular classification of species and phylogenetic analyses ofWolbachiainfections were conducted based on the sequences from PCR products ofcox1,wsp,16SrRNA andFtsZgene segments.ResultsA total of 413 female adult mosquitoes representing 15 species were identified molecularly and analyzed. Four mosquito species (Aedes albopictus,Culex quinquefasciatus,Armigeres subalbatusandCulex gelidus) were positive forWolbachiainfection. The overallWolbachiainfection rate for all mosquitoes tested in this study was 36.1% but varied among species.Wolbachiatypes A, B and mixed infections of A × B were detected inAe. albopictusmosquitoes. A total of fivewsphaplotypes, sixFtsZhaplotypes and six16SrRNA haplotypes were detected fromWolbachiainfections. Phylogenetic tree analysis ofwspsequences classified them into three groups (type A, B and C) ofWolbachiastrains compared to two groups each forFtsZand16SrRNA sequences. A novel type CWolbachiastrain was detected inCx. gelidusby both single locuswspgene and the combination of three genes.ConclusionOur study revealed the prevalence and distribution ofWolbachiain mosquitoes from Hainan Province, China. Knowledge of the prevalence and diversity ofWolbachiastrains in local mosquito populations will provide part of the baseline information required for current and futureWolbachia-based vector control approaches to be conducted in Hainan Province.Graphical Abstract
A self-adaptive extragradient method for fixed-point and pseudomonotone equilibrium problems in Hadamard spaces
Authors: Aremu Kazeem Olalekan , Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle , Oyewole Olawale Kazeem 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, we study a self-adaptive extragradient algorithm for approximating a common solution of a pseudomonotone equilibrium problem and fixed-point problem for multivalued nonexpansive mapping in Hadamard spaces. Our proposed algorithm is designed in such a way that its step size does not require knowledge of the Lipschitz-like constants of the bifunction. Under some appropriate conditions, we establish the strong convergence of the algorithm without prior knowledge of the Lipschitz constants. Furthermore, we provide a numerical experiment to demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm. This result extends and complements recent results in the literature.
Intelligent evaluation model of basketball teaching reliability based on swarm intelligence and edge computing
Authors: Wang Ding Hang , Jian Sile 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCampus basketball culture is gradually affecting students’ sports spirit and sports accomplishment. As for the evaluation of basketball teaching achievements, the method of specified items is generally used for testing, which is highly subjective. It’s completely teacher-led, and teachers make relevant evaluations of students’ basketball behavior. Teachers can’t be absolutely fair and just in the evaluation, because teacher evaluation can be affected by many factors, such as teachers’ mood on that day, teachers’ affection for students, and so on, the traditional way of teacher basketball evaluation is easy to cause negative emotional impact on some students, so that students have negative emotions on basketball activities, and even affect their sports quality, and finally affect their health. Based on the evaluation method of basketball teaching, this paper introduced a reliability intelligent evaluation model based on swarm intelligence and edge computing and used this model to evaluate students’ performance in basketball teaching classes. Moreover, this paper designed a related experiment, the experimental results showed that boys and girls in basketball level gap was more obvious. As far as dribbling skills were concerned, the highest score of boy A was 91 points, while the lowest score of girl C was 54 points. The gap was quite large. At the same time, the introduction results of the reliability intelligent evaluation model were studied by using the questionnaire survey method. As can be seen from the results of the questionnaire, the number of people who are very interested in basketball teaching activities is obviously high, and the number of people who are still not interested in the six activities is no more than 2. Through the change data of students’ interests and attitudes, it was proved that the reliability intelligent evaluation model could improve the students’ enthusiasm for learning basketball courses, thus improving their sports quality. This study provided a reference value for the application of swarm intelligence and edge computing in the intelligent evaluation model of basketball teaching reliability, and provided a direction for the future development of basketball teaching.
Effect of insulin resistance on CAC scores in cancer survivors
Authors: Jacobi N. , Ortman S. , Buda L. , Duprez Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Many ca. survivors exhibit signs of IR, an important risk factor for the development of CAD. CAC scans offer a risk assessment of CV disease before cardiac damage has occurred. We investigated how IR affects CAC scores in cancer survivors.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to show that CAC scores differ significantly between insulin-sensitive- and -resistant cancer survivors.

Methods
We enrolled 90 cancer survivors of a large community hospital from March 2021 to January 2022 into this pilot study. Patients were subdivided into three groups: insulin-sensitive (IS), insulin-resistant/prediabetic and insulin-resistant/diabetic. All patients received a CAC scan.

Results
70% of asymptomatic survivors overall and 81% of asymptomatic IR patients show CAD on CAC scans. 17 CAC scans in the IS group, 6 CAC scans in the IR/prediabetic group and 5 CAC scans in the IR/diabetic group showed an Agatston score of 0. The p-value between the three groups was statistically significant (p = 0.005) whereas the IR/prediabetic- and the IR/diabetic group did not differ statistically from each other. The mean MESA 10-year CHD risk with CAC was 7.8. There was a highly significant difference between the 3 groups (p < 0.001). The two IR groups did not differ statistically (p = 0.076).

Conclusions
Survivors with IR including prediabetes have less frequent zero CAC scores than insulin-sensitive survivors. Our study also showed that IR including prediabetes significantly increases the MESA 10-yr. CHD Risk with CAC in cancer survivors. This trial highlights the importance of screening survivors for IR and draws attention to the association of IR to CAC not only in diabetes but also in prediabetes. The high fraction of asymptomatic survivors with CAD is concerning and calls for further investigation. CAC scans are an inexpensive and efficient way of screening asymptomatic cancer survivors for CAD.
Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis: extinction or outbreak
Authors: Irunde Jacob I. , Luhanda Faraja B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTaenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis are neglected zoonotic diseases that affect human health and economies of developing countries. In this work, we formulate and analyze deterministic and continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) stochastic models to determine parameters that drive Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis and the likelihood of their extinction. The basic reproduction number $$R_0$$

R
0

is computed by the next generation matrix approach, sensitivity index of each parameter in $$R_0$$

R
0

is derived by the normalized forward sensitivity index and the likelihood of diseases’ extinction is computed by the multitype branching process. The analysis shows that humans with Taenia solium taeniasis, infectious pork and Taenia solium eggs in the environment play an important role in the transmission of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis, and the model exhibits forward bifurcation at $$R_0=1$$

R
0

=
1

. This implies that $$R_0<1$$

R
0

<
1

is a sufficient condition to eliminate Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis. For CTMC model, analysis shows that the probability of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis extinction is high if the diseases emerge from humans with Taenia solium cysticercosis and there is an outbreak if the diseases emerge from either humans with Taenia solium taeniasis or infectious pork or Taenia solium eggs in the environment. To control Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis, the intervention strategies should focus on improving hygiene and sanitation for reducing shedding rate of Taenia solium eggs in the environment, inspection of pork for reducing the rate of acquiring Taenia solium taeniasis and spraying of insecticides for killing Taenia solium eggs in the environment.
Benefits following community treatment orders have an inverse relationship with rates of use: meta-analysis and meta-regression
Authors: Kisely Steve , McMahon Laura , Siskind Dan 
Published: April 2023

Background
Community treatment order (CTO) use in Australia and New Zealand ranges from less than 40 per 100 000 population in Western Australia and Canterbury to over 100 per 100 000 in Victoria, South Australia and Waitemata. Recent publications on CTO use now permit a meta-regression to investigate whether differences in CTO use by jurisdiction affect either the possible predictors or outcomes of CTOs.

Aims
To assess whether factors associated with CTO placement or subsequent outcomes vary by rates of use.

Method
A systematic search of PubMed/Medline, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsycINFO for any Australian or New Zealand study comparing CTO cases with controls receiving voluntary psychiatric treatment. This study was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (protocol registration number: CRD42022351500).

Results
There were 35 articles from 16 studies identified in the search, plus unpublished data from a further study. Of these, 29 publications were included in meta-analyses. Two were from New Zealand. People who were male, single and not engaged in work, study or home duties were significantly more likely to be on CTOs. In addition, those from migrant backgrounds were 47% more likely to be on an order. On meta-regression, cases in jurisdictions with higher CTO rates had higher proportions of females or individuals with diagnoses other than non-affective psychoses. High-use jurisdictions were also less likely to show reductions in readmission rates or bed-days.

Conclusions
There are marked differences in the possible predictors and outcomes of CTO placement between high- and low-use jurisdictions in Australia and New Zealand. These findings may have implications elsewhere and indicate that better-targeted CTO placement might improve outcomes.
Design of an aircraft generator with radial force control
Authors: Brecher Christian , Neus Stephan , Gärtner Marcus , Eckel Hans-Martin , Hoppert Maik , James Barry , Gerada Chris , Degano Michele , Ilkhani Mohammad Reza , Di Nardo Mauro 
Published: April 2023

With the increasing electrical energy demands in aviation propulsion systems, the increase in the onboard generators’ power density is inevitable. During the flight, forces coming from the gearbox or gyroscopic forces generated by flight manoeuvres like take-off and landing can act on the generators’ bearings, which can lead to wear and fatigue in the bearings. Utilizing the radial force control concept in the electrical machine can relieve loads from the bearings that not only minimize the bearing losses but also increase bearing life. The objective of the MAGLEV project (Measurement and Analysis of Generator bearing Loads and Efficiency with Validation) is to study, demonstrate, and test a new class of high-speed generators with radial force control. In this paper, design steps of this type of generator and its test rig are presented and the measurement methodology used for radial force control is explained. The concept is developed in an electrical machine and is validated on a test rig by measuring required parameters like shaft displacement, vibrations and bearing temperature. Additionally, the friction moment of each generator’s bearings is measured and validated in a separate test rig under comparable conditions to the bearing loads in the generator. Therefore, a novel approach to determine precisely the bearing friction in a radial load unit, rotatably supported by an additional needle bearing is used, which shows a good agreement with the calculated friction. Furthermore, new calculation methods for the operating behavior of cylindrical roller bearings with clearance are presented, which are utilized in the generator test rig.
A controlled evaluation of filter paper use during staining of sputum smears for tuberculosis microscopy
Authors: Bailon Nataly , Ramos Eric , Alvarado Keren , Bernaola Lenin , Wilson James , Montoya Rosario , Valencia Teresa , Evans Carlton A , Datta Sumona 
Published: April 2023

Background: Some sputum smear microscopy protocols recommend placing filter paper over sputum smears during staining for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). We found no published evidence assessing whether this is beneficial. We aimed to evaluate the effect of filter paper on sputum smear microscopy results. Methods: Sputum samples were collected from 30 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB and 4 healthy control participants. From each sputum sample, six smears (204 smears in total) were prepared for staining with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN), auramine or viability staining with fluorescein diacetate (FDA). Half of the slides subjected to each staining protocol were randomly selected to have Whatman grade 3 filter paper placed over the dried smears prior to stain application and removed prior to stain washing. The counts of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and precipitates per 100 high-power microscopy fields of view, and the proportion of smear that appeared to have been washed away were recorded. Statistical analysis used a linear regression model adjusted by staining technique with a random effects term to correct for between-sample variability. Results: The inclusion of filter paper in the staining protocol significantly decreased microscopy positivity independent of staining with ZN, auramine or FDA (p=0.01). Consistent with this finding, there were lower smear grades in slides stained using filter paper versus without (p=0.04), and filter paper use reduced AFB counts by 0.28 logarithms (95% confidence intervals, CI=0.018, 0.54, p=0.04) independent of staining technique. In all analyses, auramine was consistently more sensitive with higher AFB counts versus ZN (p=0.001), whereas FDA had lower sensitivity and lower AFB counts (p<0.0001). Filter paper use was not associated with the presence of any precipitate (p=0.5) or the probability of any smear washing away (p=0.6) during the staining process. Conclusions: Filter paper reduced the sensitivity of AFB microscopy and had no detectable beneficial effects so is not recommended.