bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Reactivity of Mes*P(PMe3) towards Aluminum(I) Compounds – Evidence for the Intermediate Formation of Phosphaalumenes
Authors: Nees Samuel , Beer Henrik , Just Philip , Teichmeier Leon M. , Christoffer Leif E. , Guljam Ailina , Kushik  , Braunschweig Holger , Hering‐Junghans Christian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhosphaalumenes are the heavier isoelectronic analogs of alkynes and have eluded facile synthesis until recently. We have reported that the combination of a phosphinidene transfer agent, ArTerP(PMe3) (ArTer=2,6‐Ar2‐C6H3), with (Cp*Al)4 (Cp*=C5(CH3)5) afforded the phosphaalumenes ArTerPAlCp* as isolable, violet, thermally stable compounds. In here we describe attempts to utilize Mes*P(PMe3) (Mes*=2,4,6‐tBu3‐C6H2) as a phosphinidene source in combination with different Al(I) precursors, namely DipNacnacAl (DipNacnac=HC[C(Me)NDip]2, Dip=2,6‐iPr2‐C6H3), (Cp*Al)4 and Cp3tAl (Cp3t=1,2,4‐tBu3‐C5H2). In all cases the formation of phosphaalumenes was not observed, however, their intermediate formation is indicated by formation of the dimer [Cp*Al(μ‐PMes*)]2 (2) and C−H‐bond activation products along the putative P=Al bond, giving unusual 1,2‐P,Al‐tetrahydronaphtalene derivatives 1 and 4, clearly underlining the role the sterically demanding group on phosphorus plays in these transformations. The reactivity studies are supported by theoretical studies, demonstrating a thermodynamic preference for the C−H activation products. Additionally, we show that there are potential pitfalls in the synthesis of Cp*2AlH, the precursor to make (Cp*Al)4 and give recommendations how to circumvent these.
High‐throughput measurement of double strand break global repair phenotype in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after long‐term cryopreservation
Authors: Bacon Bezalel , Repin Mikhail , Shuryak Igor , Wu Hui‐Chen , Santella Regina M. , Terry Mary Beth , Brenner David J. , Turner Helen C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are a useful model for biochemical assays, particularly for etiological studies. We describe here a method for measuring DNA repair capacity (DRC) in archival cryogenically preserved PBMCs. To model DRC, we measured γ‐H2AX repair kinetics in thawed PBMCs after irradiation with 3 Gy gamma rays. Time‐dependent fluorescently labeled γ‐H2AX levels were measured at five time points from 1 to 20 h, yielding an estimate of global DRC repair kinetics as well as a measure of unrepaired double strand breaks at 20 h. While γ‐H2AX levels are traditionally measured by either microscopy or flow‐cytometry, we developed a protocol for imaging flow cytometry (IFC) that combines the detailed information of microscopy with the statistical power of flow methods. The visual imaging component of the IFC allows for monitoring aspects such as cellular health and apoptosis as well as fluorescence localization of the γ‐H2AX signal, which ensures the power and significance of this technique. Application of a machine‐learning based image classification improved flow cytometry fluorescent measurements by identifying apoptotic cells unable to undergo DNA repair. We present here DRC repair parameters from 18 frozen archival PBMCs and 28 fresh blood samples collected from a demographically diverse cohort of women measured in a high‐throughput IFC format. This thaw method and assay can be used alone or in conjunction with other assays to measure etiological phenotypes in cryogenic biobanks of PBMCs.
Removal of Duckbill‐type laser‐cut anti‐reflux metal stents: Clinical evaluation and in vitro study
Authors: Yamada Yuto , Sasaki Takashi , Takeda Tsuyoshi , Okamoto Takeshi , Mie Takafumi , Yonekura Chinatsu , Furukawa Takaaki , Kasuga Akiyoshi , Matsuyama Masato , Ozaka Masato , Matsuda Takahisa , Igarashi Yoshinori , Sasahira Naoki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesDuckbill‐type metal stent (DMS) was the first laser‐cut biliary metal stent with an anti‐reflux valve. Removal of DMS is believed to be difficult and relevant reports are scarce. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of DMS removal.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent DMS removal between June 2019 and March 2022 to evaluate success rates and factors affecting outcomes. In addition, six different methods of DMS removal were reproduced in vitro, varying removal devices, angle of applied force, and grasped location. Extraction resistance, the distance of forceps stroke, and stent length after removal were compared.ResultsForty patients were enrolled, and DMS removal was successful in 31 cases (78%). No adverse events were observed. Tumor ingrowth was evident in 78% (7/9) of failed cases. Patients receiving biliary metal stents for the first time (naïve cases), long indwelling time, longer stent, and stent tearing during removal were associated with unsuccessful stent removal. In the in vitro study, a larger force was required to remove the stent at an extraction angle of 120° than at 0°. Among cases in which force was applied at 120°, the load tended to be lower when rat‐tooth forceps were applied horizontally across the stent.ConclusionsStent removal was possible in a majority of cases. Deployment of additional stents inside DMS may be preferable to forceful removal in the presence of factors associated with difficult stent removals, such as tumor ingrowth, naïve cases, longer stents, long indwelling time, and stent tearing during removal.
Comparative cardiovascular effects of GLP‐1 agonists using real‐world data
Authors: Wallia Amisha , O’Brien Matthew , Hakimian Stephanie , Kang Raymond , Cooper Andrew , Lancki Nicola , Stephen John J. , Aikman Cassandra , Liss David , Parker Emily , Ackermann Ronald T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsThere is limited research using real‐world data to evaluate protective cardiovascular effects of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) agonists among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) early in treatment.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, active comparator cohort study using 2011–2015 administrative claims data to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) event rates following initiation of exenatide extended‐release (E‐ER), exenatide immediate‐release (E‐IR) or liraglutide in T2D adults who previously received no other antidiabetic medication (ADM) except metformin. The primary outcome was time to first major adverse CVD event (ischaemic heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure or peripheral arterial disease) after starting GLP‐1. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model the association between index GLP‐1 and CVD events, adjusting for baseline patient, prescriber and plan characteristics. Primary analyses included all patients with ≥2 prescription fills for the index GLP‐1, regardless of subsequent refill adherence or initiation of other ADM after index date.ResultsCompared with liraglutide, neither E‐ER nor E‐IR was associated with risk of composite major CVD events (hazard ratios [HRs] for E‐ER and E‐IR: 1.33 [95% C.I. 0.73–2.39] and 1.30 [0.81–2.09]). No associations were observed between event rates for individual CVD components. The HR for an ischaemic event with E‐IR relative to liraglutide was 1.85 (95% C.I. 0.97–3.53). Adjusting for time‐varying exposure to other ADM and CVD medications after index date produced similar results.ConclusionsInitiating either immediate or extended‐release exenatide rather than liraglutide was not associated with significant differences in CVD risk in this observational real‐world study.
Improving dynamic stability of wind integrated system by incorporating magnetic energy storage
Authors: Sonia  , Dahiya Anil Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe need to incorporate renewable energy sources in the present grid due to energy demand and environmental issues has led the power industry to face new challenges and unexpected transformations. This new epitome to build a flexible power system with coordination of increasing intermittent renewable energy resources and delivering power efficiently with reliability demand new technologies. This work investigates the coupling of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with the most exclusive superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) device designed for the improved functioning of a grid network that is incorporated with a wind farm. The widespread integration of intermittent wind generators in the grid is disturbing its stability and reliability. The SMES is interlinked with the grid system via a power electronic interface and chopper for the energy exchange. This work suggests STATCOM as a power electronic interface and a three‐level chopper configuration with novel control scheme for enhancing the functioning of the test system. This integrated controller (STAT‐SMES) has been analyzed for grid‐connected doubly fed induction generator wind farm under different fault conditions and time durations. The results have been compared without any controller, with STATCOM only, and with the proposed STAT‐SMES controller using MATLAB. The simulation outcomes prove that coupled control scheme is effective and better in handling wind farm integration issues.
Combining In Vitro and In Silico New Approach Methods to Investigate Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Chemical Inhibition Across Species
Authors: Mayasich Sally A. , Goldsmith Michael R. , Mattingly Kali Z. , LaLone Carlie A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
New approach methodologies (NAMs) are being developed to reduce and replace vertebrate animal testing in support of ecotoxicology and risk assessment. The US Environmental Protection Agency's Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility (SeqAPASS) bioinformatic tool was used to evaluate amino acid sequence conservation of the type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO3) enzyme across species to demonstrate NAM applications for understanding effects of chemical interactions with a specific protein target. Existing literature was used to identify critical amino acids for thyroid hormone binding and interaction with a reducing cofactor. The SeqAPASS tool identifies whether known critical amino acids involved in ligand binding are exact, partial, or not matches across species compared with a template species based on molecular weight and side chain classification. This evaluation guided the design of variant proteins representing critical amino acid substitutions found in various species. Site-directed mutagenesis of the wild-type (WT) human DIO3 gene sequence was used to create six variant proteins expressed in cell culture, which were then tested in vitro for chemical inhibition. Significant differences in in vitro median inhibitory concentration results were observed among variants for potential competitive inhibitors. A molecular model representing the WT human DIO3 was constructed using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software and mutated in silico to create the six variants. The MOE Site Finder tool identified the proposed catalytic and cofactor sites and potential alternative binding sites. Virtual docking did not provide affinity scores with sufficient resolution to rank the potency of the chemical inhibitors. Chemical characteristics, function and location of substituted amino acids, and complexities of the protein target are important considerations in developing NAMs to evaluate chemical susceptibility across species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1032–1048. © 2023 University of Wisconsin-Madison. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Liquid urbanisms: Framing the intrinsic fluidity of the urban
Authors: McArdle Rachel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCities are lived and made and constantly in a state of flux, and the same urban spaces can be used by a variety of people in very different ways. I propose the concept of ‘liquid urbanisms’ to understand these provisional uses of urban space. Liquid urbanisms are provisional places and spaces, connected through the loose and flexible networks of people and projects, that are not immediately obvious but which solidify around a certain project or topic, then become liquid again, until another time in the future. Liquid urbanisms was a helpful concept for me in my research, but also has a wider resonance in how we think about and conceptualise provisional locations in the city. Liquid urbanisms builds on and adds to work in urban studies, focusing attention on the spatial practices of urban actors at the local scale and acknowledging the importance of the temporal in understanding space and place and acknowledging the fluidity of cities. My research conducted in 2013–17 in Dublin initially looked at so‐called ‘temporary spaces’ but quickly grew to include parks, squats, art spaces, urban gardens, autonomous social centres, networking groups and direct actions. I created the conceptual framework of liquid urbanisms to be able to discuss these projects together, as empirically from my research I could see that the projects I was researching had two main shared characteristics: a looser understanding of temporality than existed in mainstream urban planning understandings of the city, and a shared network of people, places and resources, but no body of literature encompassed both of these characteristics. The focus of this article is the concept of liquid urbanisms and how the framework of liquid urbanisms can highlight the different temporalities, spatialities and networks that exist in city spaces, reminding scholars to pay attention to the diverse fluidity of cities.
Smallholder cashew production and household livelihoods in the transition zone of Ghana
Authors: Yeboah Patrick Ateah , Guba Bismarck Yelfogle , Derbile Emmanuel K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough the adoption of cash crops among smallholder farmers is meant to increase the commercialisation and profitability of agriculture, it is still unclear if cashew farmers are better off or worst off from cashew farming in Sub‐Saharan Africa. The study investigated the overall effects of cashew production on household livelihoods among smallholder farmers in the Transitional Zone of Ghana. The study employed a mixed research methods design for data collection and analysis. These methods included focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and a survey of 239 cashew‐farming households. The results revealed both positive and negative outcomes for farmers and their households. First, the positive outcomes included increased income, enhanced social status, improved food and nutrition, housing and education. Second, the negative outcomes included increased theft, high cost of goods and services, high cost of living, and a rise in physical health problems among farmers. The study concludes that, overall, cashew farmers and their households experienced improved livelihoods despite the negative effects arising from cashew farming. To maximise the livelihood outcomes of smallholder cashew farmers, we underscore the importance of a multi‐stakeholder approach to development planning that promotes innovations in training, extension support, and sound financial and business management.
A closer look at the resection margins of buccal mucosa cancer: Their influence on local recurrence free survival
Authors: Adriaansens Carleen M. E. M. , Noorlag Rob , Visscher Wouter P. , de Bree Remco , Breimer Gerben E. , van Es Robert J. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe adequate surgical margin for local control of buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC) is under debate. This study investigates surgical margins and other factors associated with local recurrence free survival (LRFS) in a large cohort of BMSCC patients.MethodsMultiple factors were evaluated retrospectively in 97 patients with BMSCC. Cox‐regression and Kaplan–Meier curves were used for analysis.ResultsThe local recurrence rate was 23%. The tumor‐free margin was <5.0 mm in 89% of the patients and the deep margin was significantly more often inadequate. Multivariate analysis associated pT3‐classification, former smokers, tumor‐free margin status, and postoperative (chemo)radiation (PO(ch)RT) with local recurrence. Re‐resections did not improve LRFS in patients with <5.0 mm tumor‐free margins.ConclusionsAdequate tumor‐free margins are pivotal for LRFS of BMSCC. PO(ch)RT, not re‐resection, can improve LRFS in patients with <5.0 mm tumor‐free margins.
Role of transoral robotic surgery in surgical treatment of early‐stage supraglottic larynx carcinoma
Authors: Papazian Michael R. , Chow Michael S. , Jacobson Adam S. , Tran Theresa , Persky Mark S. , Persky Michael J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are several options for primary surgical treatment of early‐stage supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), including transoral robotic surgery (TORS). The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of TORS to open partial laryngectomy and transoral laser microsurgery (TLM).MethodsPatients with clinical classification T1‐2 supraglottic SCC diagnosed 2010–2019, treated with TORS, open partial laryngectomy, or TLM in the National Cancer Database were selected.ResultsOne thousand six hundred three patients were included: 17% TORS, 26.5% TLM, 56.5% open. TORS patients had the lowest rates of adjuvant treatment (28.4% vs. TLM: 45.0%, open: 38.5%, p < 0.001), and lower positive margin rates than TLM (16.9% vs. 30.5%, p < 0.001). Thirty‐day and ninety‐day post‐operative mortality did not differ between the approaches. Five‐year survival was higher following TORS compared to open surgery (77.8% vs. 66.1%, p = 0.01); this difference persisted following matched‐pair analysis.ConclusionsTORS may be a safe and effective surgical approach for early‐stage supraglottic SCC in appropriate patients.
Factors associated with follow‐up attendance of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Shun‐Ji , Lin Bo , Shen Shi‐Yue , Lin Jian‐Lin , Zhang Tian‐Wen , Yang Hong‐Yu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the postoperative follow‐up attendance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, evaluated some of the factors associated with it, and assessed its relationship with early detection of postoperative disease progression.MethodsAn exploratory retrospective cohort study of 430 OSCC patients was conducted. We examined associations of follow‐up attendance within the first year after surgery with selected demographic and clinical factors, and with early detection of disease progression.ResultsThe mean number of follow‐up visits within the first year after surgery was 3.9 out of the 12 recommended at our center; few patients were fully adherent. Age ≥70 years, unmarried status, high education level, and negative history of surgery for premalignant or malignant lesions from oral cavity or other sites were significantly associated with lower follow‐up attendance. Greater follow‐up attendance was significantly associated with early detection of disease progression during the first year after surgery (p = 0.025).ConclusionsAdherence to follow‐up visits was poor. Several sociodemographic and clinical factors were related to follow‐up attendance, greater follow‐up attendance was significantly associated with early detection of disease progression, and these should be further explored in future research.
Assessment of health equity consideration in Cochrane systematic reviews and primary studies on urolithiasis
Authors: Basirat Reyhane , Soleimani Sevim , Shakiba Behnam , Maghsoudi Robab 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHealth injustice is defined as “unnecessary, preventable, unjustified and unfair health differences.” One of the most important scientific sources on the prevention and management of urolithiasis are Cochrane reviews in this field. Given that the first step in eliminating health injustice is to identify the causes, the aim of the present study was to evaluate equity considerations in Cochrane reviews and the included primary studies on urinary stones.MethodsCochrane reviews on kidney stones and ureteral stones were searched through the Cochrane Library. The included clinical trials in each of the reviews published after 2000 were also collected. Two different researchers reviewed all the included Cochrane reviews and primary studies. The researchers reviewed each PROGRESS criteria independently (P: place of residence, R: race/ethnicity/culture, O: occupation, G: gender, R: religion, E: education, S: socioeconomic status, S: social capital and networks). The geographical location of the included studies was categorized as low‐income, middle‐income and high‐income countries, based on the World Bank income criteria. Each PROGRESS dimension was reported for both the Cochrane reviews and the primary studies.ResultsIn total, 12 Cochrane reviews and 140 primary studies were included in this study. None of the included Cochrane reviews had specifically mentioned the PROGRESS framework in the Method section whereas gender distribution and place of residence were reported in two and one reviews, respectively. In 134 primary studies at least one item of PROGRESS was reported. The most frequent item was gender distribution, followed by place of residence.ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, the authors of Cochrane systematic reviews on urolithiasis, and researchers who have conducted such trials, have rarely considered health equity dimensions when designing and performing their studies. Therefore, researchers worldwide should be motivated to study populations from low‐income countries with low socioeconomic status in addition to different cultures, ethnicities, and so forth. Furthermore, RCT reporting guidelines such as CONSORT should include health equity dimensions and the editors and reviewers of scientific journals should encourage researchers to further emphasize on health equity in their studies.
Fractional analysis of radiative blood transport through a porous channel containing multishaped cobalt nanoparticles: An application to hemodynamics
Authors: Asifa  , Anwar Talha , Kumam Poom , Suttiarporn Panawan , Swadchaipong Notsawan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, impacts of dispersing nonspherical shaped cobalt nanoparticles in the blood are analyzed for magnetohydrodynamic radiative transport of blood inside a vertical porous channel. An Oldroyd‐B model is used to feature flow characteristics of blood along with Fourier's principle of heat transmission for the mathematical modeling of the problem. A fractional system is constructed by employing the idea of the Caputo–Fabrizio derivative on subsequent differential equations. The Laplace transform method is adopted to solve the fractional flow and energy equations subject to generalized boundary conditions, which involve time‐dependent functions and , respectively. Instead of promoting the analytic velocity and energy expressions, Zakian's numerical algorithm is operated to achieve the reverse transformation purpose of Laplace domain functions. To certify the obtained solutions, two additional numerical algorithms named Stehfest's algorithm and Durbin's algorithm are inculcated in this study, and comparative illustrations are drawn. For the extensive investigation of shear stress and heat transfer phenomenon, numerical simulations for the coefficient of skin friction and Nusselt number are performed, and outcomes are communicated through various tables. The impacts of shape‐dependent viscosity and other significant parameters on flow patterns are investigated through graphs for multiple motion types of the left channel wall. Meanwhile, the thermal performance of nanofluid is examined for platelet, brick, cylinder, and blade shape nanoparticles, along with other thermal parameters. In addition, some recently reported results and flow profiles for Maxwell, second‐grade, and viscous fluids are deduced graphically as special cases of the current study.