bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The simplified basic periodontal examination in children and adolescents: an update
Authors: Pathak Divya , Bhujel Nabina 
Published: March 2023

The ‘Guidelines for periodontal screening and management of children and adolescents under 18 years of age’ was updated by the British Society of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry and the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry in September 2021. The updated guidance acknowledged changes outlined in the 2017 World Workshop Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions. The guideline outlines the use of the simplified BPE (sBPE) as a screening tool for periodontal disease in children, with treatment and management recommendations determined by sBPE codes 0–4*. It is an essential tool in primary dental care. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The dental team should be aware of the recent changes in national guidance and carry out periodontal screening in children appropriately.
Primary knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis restores patients’ health-related quality of life to normal population levels
Authors: Yapp Liam Z. , Scott Chloe E. H. , MacDonald Deborah J. , Howie Colin R. , Simpson A. Hamish R. W. , Clement Nick D. 
Published: March 2023

AimsThis study investigates whether primary knee arthroplasty (KA) restores health-related quality of life (HRQoL) to levels expected in the general population.MethodsThis retrospective case-control study compared HRQoL data from two sources: patients undergoing primary KA in a university-teaching hospital (2013 to 2019), and the Health Survey for England (HSE; 2010 to 2012). Patient-level data from the HSE were used to represent the general population. Propensity score matching was used to balance covariates and facilitate group comparisons. A propensity score was estimated using logistic regression based upon the covariates sex, age, and BMI. Two matched cohorts with 3,029 patients each were obtained for the adjusted analyses (median age 70.3 (interquartile range (IQR) 64 to 77); number of female patients 3,233 (53.4%); median BMI 29.7 kg/m2 (IQR 26.5 to 33.7)). HRQoL was measured using the three-level version of the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L), and summarized using the Index and EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) scores.ResultsPatients awaiting KA had significantly lower EQ-5D-3L Index scores than the general population (median 0.620 (IQR 0.16 to 0.69) vs median 0.796 (IQR 0.69 to 1.00); p < 0.001). By one year postoperatively, the median EQ-5D-3L Index score improved significantly in the KA cohort (mean change 0.32 (SD 0.33); p < 0.001), and demonstrated no clinically relevant differences when compared to the general population (median 0.796 (IQR 0.69 to 1.00) vs median 0.796 (IQR 0.69 to 1.00)). Compared to the general population cohort, the postoperative EQ-VAS was significantly higher in the KA cohort (p < 0.001). Subgroup comparisons demonstrated that older age groups had statistically better EQ-VAS scores than matched peers in the general population.ConclusionPatients awaiting KA for osteoarthritis had significantly poorer HRQoL than the general population. However, within one year of surgery, primary KA restored HRQoL to levels expected for the patient’s age-, BMI-, and sex-matched peers.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):365–372.
Impact of the number of previous lumbar operations on patient-reported outcomes after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Riksaasen Anniken S. , Kaur Simran , Solberg Tore K. , Austevoll Ivar , Brox Jens-Ivar , Dolatowski Filip C. , Hellum Christian , Kolstad Frode , Lonne Greger , Nygaard Øystein P. , Ingebrigtsen Tor 
Published: March 2023

AimsRepeated lumbar spine surgery has been associated with inferior clinical outcomes. This study aimed to examine and quantify the impact of this association in a national clinical register cohort.MethodsThis is a population-based study from the Norwegian Registry for Spine surgery (NORspine). We included 26,723 consecutive cases operated for lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar disc herniation from January 2007 to December 2018. The primary outcome was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), presented as the proportions reaching a patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS; defined as an ODI raw score ≤ 22) and ODI raw and change scores at 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were the Global Perceived Effect scale, the numerical rating scale for pain, the EuroQoL five-dimensions health questionnaire, occurrence of perioperative complications and wound infections, and working capability. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine how the number of previous operations influenced the odds of not reaching a PASS.ResultsThe proportion reaching a PASS decreased from 66.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 65.4 to 66.7) in cases with no previous operation to 22.0% (95% CI 15.2 to 30.3) in cases with four or more previous operations (p < 0.001). The odds of not reaching a PASS were 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.2) in cases with one previous operation, 2.6 (95% CI 2.3 to 3.0) in cases with two, 4.4 (95% CI 3.4 to 5.5) in cases with three, and 6.9 (95% CI 4.5 to 10.5) in cases with four or more previous operations. The ODI raw and change scores and the secondary outcomes showed similar trends.ConclusionWe found a dose-response relationship between increasing number of previous operations and inferior outcomes among patients operated for degenerative conditions in the lumbar spine. This information should be considered in the shared decision-making process prior to elective spine surgery.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):422–430.
Factors affecting a patient’s experience following the open Latarjet procedure to treat recurrent anterior shoulder instability
Authors: Makaram Navnit S. , Nicholson Jamie A. , Yapp Liam Z. , Gillespie Matthew , Shah Chandrarajan P. , Robinson C. M. 
Published: March 2023

AimsThe open Latarjet procedure is a widely used treatment for recurrent anterior instability of the shoulder. Although satisfactory outcomes are reported, factors which influence a patient’s experience are poorly quantified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a range of demographic factors and measures of the severity of instability on patient-reported outcome measures in patients who underwent an open Latarjet procedure at a minimum follow-up of two years.MethodsA total of 350 patients with anterior instability of the shoulder who underwent an open Latarjet procedure between 2005 and 2018 were reviewed prospectively, with the collection of demographic and psychosocial data, preoperative CT, and complications during follow-up of two years. The primary outcome measure was the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI), assessed preoperatively, at two years postoperatively, and at mid-term follow-up at a mean of 50.6 months (SD 24.8) postoperatively. The secondary outcome measure was the abbreviated version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score. The influence of the demographic details of the patients, measurements of the severity of instability, and the complications of surgery were assessed in a multivariate analysis.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 25.5 years (22 to 32) and 27 (7.7%) were female. The median time to surgery after injury was 19 months (interquartile range (IQR) 13 to 39). Seven patients developed clinically significant complications requiring further intervention within two years of surgery. The median percentage WOSI deficiency was 8.0% (IQR 4 to 20) and median QuickDASH was 3.0 (IQR 0 to 9) at mid-term assessment. A minority of patients reported a poorer experience, and 22 (6.3%) had a > 50% deficiency in WOSI score. Multivariate analysis revealed that consumption of ≥ 20 units of alcohol/week, a pre-existing affective disorder or epilepsy, medicolegal litigation, increasing time to surgery, and residing in a more socioeconomically deprived area were independently predictive of a poorer WOSI score.ConclusionAlthough most patients treated by an open Latarjet procedure have excellent outcomes at mid-term follow-up, a minority have poorer outcomes, which are mainly predictable from pre-existing demographic factors, rather than measures of the severity of instability.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):389–399.
The value of national arthroplasty registry data in 2023
Authors: Baker Paul N. , Jeyapalan Rathan , Jameson Simon S. 
Published: March 2023

The importance of registries has been brought into focus by recent UK national reports focusing on implant (Cumberlege) and surgeon (Paterson) performance. National arthroplasty registries provide real-time, real-world information about implant, hospital, and surgeon performance and allow case identification in the event of product recall or adverse surgical outcomes. They are a valuable resource for research and service improvement given the volume of data recorded and the longitunidal nature of data collection. This review discusses the current value of registry data as it relates to both clinical practice and research.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(4):356–360.
A randomized clinical trial of glenohumeral joint steroid injection versus suprascapular nerve block in patients with frozen shoulder: a protocol for the Therapeutic Injections For Frozen Shoulder (TIFFS) study
Authors: Jump Christopher M. , Mati Wael , Maley Alex , Taylor Rebecca , Gratrix Karen , Blundell Clare , Lane Suzanne , Solanki Nilesh , Khan Maqsood , Choudhry Muhammad , Shetty Vishwanath , Malik Rayaz A. , Charalambous Charalambos P. 
Published: March 2023

AimsFrozen shoulder is a common, painful condition that results in impairment of function. Corticosteroid injections are commonly used for frozen shoulder and can be given as glenohumeral joint (GHJ) injection or suprascapular nerve block (SSNB). Both injection types have been shown to significantly improve shoulder pain and range of motion. It is not currently known which is superior in terms of relieving patients’ symptoms. This is the protocol for a randomized clinical trial to investigate the clinical effectiveness of corticosteroid injection given as either a GHJ injection or SSNB.MethodsThe Therapeutic Injections For Frozen Shoulder (TIFFS) study is a single centre, parallel, two-arm, randomized clinical trial. Participants will be allocated on a 1:1 basis to either a GHJ corticosteroid injection or SSNB. Participants in both trial arms will then receive physiotherapy as normal for frozen shoulder. The primary analysis will compare the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) at three months after injection. Secondary outcomes include OSS at six and 12 months, range of shoulder movement at three months, and Numeric Pain Rating Scale, abbreviated Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, and EuroQol five-level five-dimension health index at three months, six months, and one year after injection. A minimum of 40 patients will be recruited to obtain 80% power to detect a minimally important difference of ten points on the OSS between the groups at three months after injection. The study is registered under ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT04965376.ConclusionThe results of this trial will demonstrate if there is a difference in shoulder pain and function after GHJ injection or SSNB in patients with frozen shoulder. This will help provide effective treatment to patients with frozen shoulder.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(3):205–209.
Detailed analysis of the R1f/ΔI1 WMS technique and demonstration of significantly higher detection sensitivity compared to 2f WMS for calibration-free trace gas sensing
Authors: De Shruti , Selvaraj Ramya , Grattan Kenneth T. V. , Chakraborty Arup Lal 
Published: March 2023

Recognizing that wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) is particularly important in the development of high-sensitivity gas sensing systems, this paper presents a detailed analysis of the R1f/ΔI1 WMS technique that has recently been successfully demonstrated for calibration-free measurements of the parameters that support detecting multiple gases under challenging conditions. In this approach, the magnitude of the 1f WMS signal (R1f) was normalized by using the laser’s linear intensity modulation (ΔI1) to obtain the quantity R1f/ΔI1 that is shown to be unaffected by large variations in R1f itself due to the variations in the intensity of the received light. In this paper, different simulations have been used to explain the approach taken and the advantages that it shows. A 40 mW, 1531.52 nm near-infrared distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser was used to extract the mole fraction of acetylene in a single-pass configuration. The work has shown a detection sensitivity of 0.32 ppm for 28 cm (0.089 ppm-m) with an optimum integration time of 58 s. The detection limit achieved has been shown to be better than the value of 1.53 ppm (0.428 ppm-m) for R2f WMS by a factor of 4.7, which is a significant improvement.
Wavefront accuracy of mechanically assembled all-cordierite reflective optical system for cryogenic applications
Authors: Sarugaku Yuki , Ikeda Yuji , Kobayashi Naoto , Kondo Sohei , Otsubo Shogo , Yasui Chikako , Kawakita Hideyo 
Published: March 2023

Although a reflective optical system can theoretically realize ideal
optical designs, it is not always the optimal choice compared with a
refractive one because of the difficulty in achieving high wavefront
accuracy. A promising solution is to build reflective optical systems
by mechanically assembling all the optical and structural components
made of cordierite, which is a ceramic with a very low thermal
expansion coefficient. Interferometric evaluations of an experimental
product demonstrated that diffraction-limited performance in the
visible wavelength was achieved and maintained even after cooling to
80 K. This new technique may be the most cost-effective method
for utilizing reflective optical systems, especially for cryogenic
applications.
COVID-19 and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: A common susceptibility pattern?
Authors: Sara De Matteis , Minelli Cosetta , Broccia Giorgio , Vineis Paolo , Cocco Pierluigi 
Published: March 2023

Objective
To explore the link between COVID-19 incidence, socio-economic covariates, and NHL incidence.

Design
Ecological study design.

Setting
Sardinia, Italy.

Participants
We used official reports on the total cases of COVID-19 in 2020, published data on NHL incidence, and socio-economic indicators by administrative unit, covering the whole regional population.

Main outcomes and measures
We used multivariable regression analysis to explore the association between the natural logarithm (ln) of the 2020 cumulative incidence of COVID-19 and the ln-transformed NHL incidence in 1974–2003, weighing by population size and adjusting by socioeconomic deprivation and other covariates.

Results
The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 increased in relation to past incidence of NHL (p < 0.001), socioeconomic deprivation (p = 0.006), and proportion of elderly residents (p < 0.001) and decreased with urban residency (p = 0.001). Several sensitivity analyses confirmed the finding of an association between COVID-19 and NHL.

Conclusion
This ecological study found an ecological association between NHL and COVID-19. If further investigation would confirm our findings, shared susceptibility factors should be investigated among the plausible underlying mechanisms.
Screening for loneliness in representative population samples: Validation of a single-item measure
Authors: Reinwarth Anna Celine , Ernst Mareike , Krakau Lina , Brähler Elmar , Beutel Manfred E. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Loneliness is a highly relevant public mental health issue. This work presents the validation of a single-item measure of loneliness and its subjective experience: “I am frequently alone/have few contacts”. It can be used in large-scale population surveys where an economical assessment is of key importance.

Methods
Data was drawn from two representative German population surveys conducted in early and late 2020 (combined N = 4,984; 52.9% women; age: M = 48.39 years (SD = 17.88)). We determined the prevalence of loneliness in men and women across different age groups. In order to test concurrent validity, bivariate correlation analyses and Chi-square tests were performed. Convergent and discriminant validity were tested by investigating intercorrelations of the single-item measure of loneliness with another loneliness measure, other mental health outcomes, and associations with sociodemographic characteristics.

Results
Based on the single-item measure, 23.4% of participants reported some degree of loneliness, 3.4% among them severe loneliness. Comparisons with the LS-S showed similar prevalence rates of loneliness. A moderately positive relationship between the two loneliness measures was found by bivariate correlation analysis (ρ = .57, p < .001), but results indicated only weak convergent validity. Construct validity was supported by associations with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, satisfaction with life, household size, and partnership.

Conclusions
Loneliness is frequently reported in the general population. The single-item measure of loneliness is suitable as a brief screening measure in population-based assessments.
Food consumption diversity and nutritional status among children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia: The analysis of the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research
Authors: Samosir Omas Bulan , Radjiman Dinda Srikandi , Aninditya Flora 
Published: March 2023

Background
Stunting among children under five years of age is among the highest in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between food consumption diversity and nutritional status among children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia.

Methods
The data used came from the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research. The main independent variable was the diversity of food consumption. Control variables included breastfeeding practices and demographic and socioeconomic factors. Using ordinal logistic regression, the role of food consumption diversity in influencing nutritional status was examined after controlling for breastfeeding practices and demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Results
The results of the study showed that the diversity of food consumption (AOR = 1.15; 95%CI: 1.07–1.24) significantly and statistically influenced nutritional status of children age 6–23 months in Indonesia even after controlling for the effects of breastfeeding practices and demographic and socioeconomic factors. Higher odds of having normal nutritional status compared to being stunted or severely stunted was associated with consuming food according to the dietary diversity. Higher odds of having normal nutritional status compared to being stunted or severely stunted was also significantly and statistically associated with being ever breastfed (AOR = 1.33; 95%CI: 1.22–1.46), aged 6–11 months (AOR = 3.07; 95%CI: 2.79–3.38), female (AOR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.25–1.46), children of non-working mothers (AOR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.04–1.21), children of higher educated mothers (AOR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.30–1.72), children from higher wealth quintile households (AOR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.44–1.85), children from smaller size family (AOR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.05–1.10), and urban children (AOR = 1.16; 95%CI:1.08–1.25).

Conclusion
A profound percentage of children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia experienced stunting and severely stunting. Children who did not receive minimum dietary diversity were more likely to suffer from stunting. The findings from this study suggest that to ensure the achievement of national goal of preventing stunting and sustainable development goal of ending all forms of malnutrition in Indonesia, the strategy should promote the fulfillment of minimum food consumption diversity.
Effect of general anesthesia and controlled mechanical ventilation on pulmonary ventilation distribution assessed by electrical impedance tomography in healthy children
Authors: Nascimento Milena S. , Rebello Celso M. , Costa Eduardo L. V. , Corrêa Leticia C. , Alcala Glasiele C. , Rossi Felipe S. , Morais Caio C. A. , Laurenti Eliana , Camara Mauro C. , Iasi Marcelo , Apezzato Maria L. P. , do Prado Cristiane , Amato Marcelo B. P. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
General anesthesia is associated with the development of atelectasis, which may affect lung ventilation. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive imaging tool that allows monitoring in real time the topographical changes in aeration and ventilation.

Objective
To evaluate the pattern of distribution of pulmonary ventilation through EIT before and after anesthesia induction in pediatric patients without lung disease undergoing nonthoracic surgery.

Methods
This was a prospective observational study including healthy children younger than 5 years who underwent nonthoracic surgery. Monitoring was performed continuously before and throughout the surgical period. Data analysis was divided into 5 periods: induction (spontaneous breathing, SB), ventilation-5min, ventilation-30min, ventilation-late and recovery-SB. In addition to demographic data, mechanical ventilation parameters were also collected. Ventilation impedance (Delta Z) and pulmonary ventilation distribution were analyzed cycle by cycle at the 5 periods.

Results
Twenty patients were included, and redistribution of ventilation from the posterior to the anterior region was observed with the beginning of mechanical ventilation: on average, the percentage ventilation distribution in the dorsal region decreased from 54%(IC95%:49–60%) to 49%(IC95%:44–54%). With the restoration of spontaneous breathing, ventilation in the posterior region was restored.

Conclusion
There were significant pulmonary changes observed during anesthesia and controlled mechanical ventilation in children younger than 5 years, mirroring the findings previously described adults. Monitoring these changes may contribute to guiding the individualized settings of the mechanical ventilator with the goal to prevent postoperative complications.