bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metasurface Patch for Wireless Power Transfer in Implantable Devices
Authors: Jo Semin , Lee Wonwoo , Lee Hojin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWireless power transfer (WPT) systems enable the long‐term operation and miniaturization of implantable devices by eliminating the need for battery replacement and wired power supplies. Although wireless power transfer systems for implantable devices are extensively studied, their practical application is still challenging owing to the constraints and requirements of the human body, such as reflection loss owing to differences in the tissue dielectric properties, mm‐sized devices, and electromagnetic (EM) wave attenuation of the tissue. Here, a phase‐gradient metasurface patch is presented to achieve 5.8 GHz EM power focusing at a focal point of depth 10 mm in the tissue via EM wavefront modulation at the skin–air interface. The proposed metasurface patch is fabricated by arranging subwavelength‐thickness (<λ/10) unit cell structures composed of four metallic layers separated by dielectric substrates that exhibit high‐Q resonance properties and a sufficient phase modulation range with enhanced transmission. By applying the fabricated metasurface patch to a wireless power transfer system for implantable devices, it is experimentally confirmed that the transmission coefficient (S21) is improved by 6.37 dB compared with that of a wireless power transfer system without the metasurface patch. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the transmission coefficient can be maintained for an incident angle variation up to 30° from the transmitter to the metasurface patch, resulting in a stable power delivery of the proposed wireless power transfer system.
Three Compartment Liposome Fusion: Functional Protocells for Biocatalytic Cascades and Operation of Dynamic DNA Machineries
Authors: Huang Fujian , Xue Huiying , Fu Yuzhe , Ouyang Yu , Chen Danlong , Xia Fan , Willner Itamar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNucleic acid‐functionalized liposomes modified at their boundaries with o‐nitrobenzyl phosphate‐caged hairpin units and pH‐responsive C‐G·C+ triplex forming strands are used for the concomitant light and pH‐triggered fusion of three types of loaded liposomes. The fusion processes are followed by light‐scattering size enlargement measurements, optical methods, and biocatalytic cascades activated upon the mixing of the liposomes loaded with enzymes and their substrates and their fusion into the cell‐like containments. The fused liposomes act as functional protocells for the integration of biocatalytic machineries. This is exemplified by the operation of an autonomous polymerization/nickase machinery synthesizing a Mg2+‐ion‐dependent DNAzyme and of a transcription machinery yielding the Malachite Green‐RNA aptamer product.
Bioinspired Microstructured Adhesives with Facile and Fast Switchability for Part Manipulation in Dry and Wet Conditions
Authors: Pang Chohei , Kim Jae‐Kang , Wu Yingdan , Wang Michael Yu , Yu Hongyu , Sitti Metin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe rapid growth in the miniaturized mechanical and electronic devices industry has created the need for temporary attachment systems that can carry out pick‐and‐place and transfer printing tasks for fragile and tiny parts. Current systems are limited by a fundamental trade‐off between adhesive strength and state‐changing trigger force, which causes the need for a rapidly switchable adhesive. In this study, an elastomeric microstructure is presented combining a trapezoidal‐prism‐shaped (TPS) and a mushroom‐shaped microstructure, which overcomes the trade‐off with the help of the TPS structure. The optimal design exhibits a strong adhesive strength of 87.8 kPa and a negligible detachment strength of <0.07 kPa with a low trigger shear stress of 10.7 kPa on smooth glass surfaces. The large tip‐to‐stem ratio (50 to 20 µm) enhances the suction effect, allowing the microstructure to maintain its adhesive performance even in wet conditions. Pick‐and‐place manipulation tasks of a single and an array of ultralight parts from micrometer to millimeter scales are performed to demonstrate the capability of handling fragile and tiny parts. Moreover, it demonstrates the ability to transfer parts across water and air interfaces. This proposed microstructure offers a facile solution for manipulating microscale fragile parts in dry and wet conditions.
Sonocatalytic In Situ Induced Oxygen Storm Precision Enhanced Reactive Oxygen Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhang Meifang , Dong Lile , Li Dong , Zhu Lichao , Peng Renmiao , Liu Xijian , Wang Kaiyang , Wang Xia , Zhu Yicheng , Sun Haitao , Luo Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeep‐buried tissue, extremely hypoxic blood supply, and complex tumor microenvironment are considered to be the hardest difficult barriers to the accurate treatment of pancreatic cancer. Herein, a novel Au@Co3O4 (AC)‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (AC‐PVP) sonocatalytic agent and radiation sensitizer with a multicore–shell structure are synthesized by a mild reduction method for reshaping the special physiological environment of pancreatic cancer. Oxygen storms can be generated under ultrasonic activation by in situ catalyzed H2O2 in tumor tissue. The oxygen storm improves the ability to produce superoxide anions by sonodynamic therapy as well as rapidly supplements the oxygen‐dependent on active oxygen such as auger electrons produced by high‐energy ray ionization during radiotherapy (RT), further enhancing the efficiency of RT. Interestingly, AC‐PVP can reduce the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level, thus preventing the generated reactive oxygen species from being consumed by GSH. More importantly, the glucose oxidase‐like of AC‐PVP can catalyze glucose in tumor tissue to produce H2O2, and continuously provide substrates for sonocatalytic to form self‐cycling oxygen production. This study offers a novel paradigm for achieving in situ precise self‐oxygenation to overcome the special physiological barrier of pancreatic cancer and efficient sonodynamic synergistic radiotherapy.
Flexible Modulation of Cellular Activities with Cationic Photosensitizers: Insights of Alkyl Chain Length on Reactive Oxygen Species Antimicrobial Mechanisms
Authors: Zheng Liang , Zhu Yiwen , Sun Yujie , Xia Shuai , Duan Shun , Yu Bingran , Li Jing , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCationic photosensitizers have good binding ability with negatively charged bacteria and fungi, exhibiting broad applications potential in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). However, cationic photosensitizers often display unsatisfactory transkingdom selectivity between mammalian cells and pathogens, especially for eukaryotic fungi. It is unclear which biomolecular sites are more efficient for photodynamic damage, owing to the lack of systematic research with the same photosensitizer system. Herein, a series of cationic aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) derivatives (CABs) (using berberine (BBR) as the photosensitizers core) with different length alkyl chains are successfully designed and synthesized for flexible modulation of cellular activities. The BBR core can efficiently produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and achieve high‐performance aPDT . Through the precise regulation of alkyl chain length, different bindings, localizations, and photodynamic killing effects of CABs are achieved and investigated systematically among bacteria, fungi, and mammalian cells. It is found that intracellular active substances, not membranes, are more efficient damage sites of aPDT. Moderate length alkyl chains enable CABs to effectively kill Gram‐negative bacteria and fungi with light, while still maintaining excellent mammalian cell and blood compatibility. This study is expected to provide systematic theoretical and strategic research guidance for the construction of high‐performance cationic photosensitizers with good transkingdom selectivity.
Design of a D–Di–π–A Architecture with Different Auxiliary Donors for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: Density Functional Theory/Time‐Dependent‐Density Functional Theory Study of the Effect of Secondary Donors
Authors: Azaid Ahmed , Kacimi Rchid , Alaqarbeh Marwa , Raftani Marzouk , Abram Tayeb , Sbai Abdelouahid , Lakhlifi Tahar , Bouachrine Mohammed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, five novel D–Di–π–A molecules based on ethoxy donor moiety are designed from the reference molecule R to optimize the photovoltaic performance of dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) systems. The geometrical, electronic, optical, and photovoltaic characteristics of the D1–D5 compounds are analyzed. D1–D5 show band gaps (Egap) in the range of 2.13–2.25 eV with the maximum absorption wavelength (λabs) in 427–451 nm. Charge transport characteristics are examined by employing frontier molecular orbitals and density of states. The transition density matrix is employed to predict the characteristics of the electronic excitation mechanisms and the localization of the electronic holes betwixt the donor and acceptor moieties. The data obtained indicate that adding the various auxiliary donors to dye (R) facilitate its electron injection and improve the impact of intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT), which lead to a red‐shifted absorption. The open‐circuit voltage (Voc) data obtained from theoretical computations vary from 1.26 to 1.30 eV, while the data for the light harvesting efficiency range from 0.97 to 1.00. Indeed, this study may help chemists to synthesize efficient dyes for DSSC.
Earth‐Abundant Na‐Mg‐Fe‐Mn‐O Cathode with Reversible Hybrid Anionic and Cationic Redox
Authors: Niu Yaoshen , Hu Zilin , Zhang Bo , Xiao Dongdong , Mao Huican , Zhou Lin , Ding Feixiang , Liu Yuan , Yang Yang , Xu Juping , Yin Wen , Zhang Nian , Li Zhiwei , Yu Xiqian , Hu Hao , Lu Yaxiang , Rong Xiaohui , Li Ju , Hu Yong‐Sheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNa‐ion batteries (NIBs) are promising for grid‐scale energy storage applications. However, the lack of Co, Ni‐free cathode materials has made them less cost‐effective. In this work, Mg2+ is successfully utilized to activate the oxygen redox reaction in earth‐abundant Fe/Mn‐based layered cathodes to achieve reversible hybrid anionic and cationic redox capacities. A high first charge capacity of ≈210 mAh g−1 with balanced charge–discharge efficiency is achieved without O‐loss, showing a promising energy cost of $2.02 kWh−1. Full cell against hard carbon anode without pre‐sodiation shows energy density exceeding ≈280 Wh kg−1 with a decent capacity retention of 85.6% after 100 cycles. A comprehensive analysis of the charge compensation mechanisms and structural evolution is conducted. Voltage and capacity loss resulting from partially reversible Fe3+ migration to the Na layer is confirmed, shedding light on further improvements for low‐cost NIB cathodes in application scenarios.
Classification of tobacco using remote sensing and deep learning techniques
Authors: Qazi Umama Khalid , Ahmad Iftikhar , Minallah Nasru , Zeeshan Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTobacco is an important crop in many countries, and its management could be improved by accurate yield predictions. Traditional yield estimation methods like human‐based surveys are inaccurate, time consuming, and expensive. In this work, we consider the problem of tobacco identification and classification from satellite imagery and propose a Conv1D and long short‐term memory (LSTM) based deep learning model. We compare the performance of our proposed Conv1D and LSTM deep learning model with benchmark machine learning models, namely support vector machine, random forest, and LSTM. Our model had an accuracy of 98.4%. The use of accurate models can improve the decision process.
Guidelines in Practice: Positioning the Patient
Authors: Speth Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTPositioning the patient is an important perioperative task; the recently updated AORN “Guideline for positioning the patient” provides perioperative personnel with background information and evidence‐based best practices for perioperative patient positioning and focuses on maintaining patient and staff member safety. The revised guideline includes recommendations for placing patients safely in a variety of positions and avoiding positioning injuries, such as postoperative vision loss. This article provides an overview of positioning recommendations for assessing patients’ risk for injury, implementing safe positioning practices, placing patients in the Trendelenburg position, and preventing intraocular injuries. It also includes a patient‐focused scenario on preventing adverse events associated with the Trendelenburg position that aligns with information discussed in the article. Perioperative nurses should review the guideline in its entirety and implement appropriate recommendations for positioning patients during procedures.
Prosthetic heart valves for transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Hu Xinman , Li Shifen , Peng Pai , Wang Beiduo , Liu Wenxing , Dong Xiaofei , Yang Xiayan , Karabaliev Miroslav , Yu Qifeng , Gao Changyou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has the advantages of less trauma and faster postoperative recovery, which has brought the possibility to the elderly patient with valvular heart disease and is gradually replacing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The interventional valve used in TAVR needs to be compressed and transported through the catheter to the lesion site, and can still recover its original shape, structure and performance. This process requires that the material should be flexible, and the rigid mechanical valves in SAVR are not suitable. Recently, decellularized biological valves have been widely used in clinical practice, but their poor durability causes a limitation for long‐term implantation. Therefore, the anti‐calcification modification of biological valves and the design of new polymeric valves with good biostability have gained considerable attention. This review summarizes the calcification mechanism of biological valves and the research progress in anti‐calcification modification strategies. Besides, the development of new polymeric valves is included, with special attention to representative cases, such as polysiloxane, polytetrafluorethylene, poly(styrene‐block‐isobutylene‐block‐styrene), and polyurethane‐based materials. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of artificial heart valve materials are discussed.
Medication‐induced mood disorders following epidural steroid injections in patients with pain: A case series
Authors: Vangeison Christian T. , Roys Joseph P. , Catalanotto Marissa N. , Kupperman Wyatt I. , Kovacs Alexander R. , Dîrzu Dan Sebastian , Husu Emanuel N. 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageMedication‐induced mood disorders following epidural steroid injections are possible therefore should be disclosed to the patient.AbstractMedication‐induced mood disorders have been rarely reported following epidural steroid injections (ESI). This case series presents three patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) criteria for substance/medication‐induced mood disorder after an ESI. In considering a candidacy for ESI, the rare but significant, side effects of psychiatric side effects should be disclosed to patients.
Scale‐up Efficient Synthesis of α‐Poly(L‐lysine)†
Authors: Lv Wenxiu , Li Maosheng , Tao Youhua 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive Summaryα‐Poly(L‐lysine) (α‐PLL) is a water‐soluble cationic biopolymer containing the monomeric unit α‐L‐lysine, which not only possesses excellent intrinsic properties but also can be modified via facile reactions between the side amine groups and many other functional moieties. Ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) is the most prevalently used technique for the synthesis of PLL‐based polypeptides, which involves initial conversion of the ε‐primary amine‐protected α‐L‐lysine to the L‐lysine NCA monomer. However, obtaining N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) in high purity has been a formidable challenge for over 50 years, let alone the large‐scale synthesis. Herein, we show an unprecedented scale‐up synthesis of L‐Cbz‐LysNCA monomer and its polymers, generating linear α‐poly(L‐lysine) with molecular weight (MW) up to 13.4 kDa. This easy operated scale‐up strategy will lay the foundations for the industrial preparation of L‐Cbz‐LysNCA and its polymers, and further extend the realm of existing applications, offering a paradigm for scale‐up synthesis of other polypeptides.
Carbazole‐Based Donor‐Acceptor Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic H2 Evolution†
Authors: Xu Linchu , Yang Chen , Cheng Zhonghua , Huang Qihang , Zhang Shizhe , Qian Cheng , Liao Yaozu 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive SummaryConjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) featuring extended π‐structures, large specific surface area and tailor‐made functionalities are a class of promising organic photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water. However, the photocatalytic activities of most CMPs are severely hindered by slow charge transfer rate and fast charge recombination process. Herein, we develop a strategy for the synthesis of donor‐acceptor CMPs through nickel(0)‐catalyzed Yamamoto cross‐coupling of 3,6‐dibromo‐9‐(4‐bromophenyl)carbazole (CZ) with 5,5'‐dibromo‐2,2'‐bipyridine (DBPy) for efficient HER from water. The PCZN‐4 prepared with a 2 : 3 stoichiometric ratio of CZ to DBPy exhibited the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 7160 μmol·g–1·h–1, which was nearly equal to 179 times and 143 times that of PCZN‐1 (40 μmol·g–1·h–1) and PCZN‐6 (50 μmol·g–1·h–1) obtained by Yamamoto homocoupling of CZ and DBPy, respectively. Compared to the homocoupling counterparts, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of PCZN‐4 results from improved separation efficiency of charge carriers. Interestingly, the photocatalytic H2 evolution performance of PCZN‐4 could be further improved up to 17080 μmol·g–1·h–1 by adjusting pH of the aqueous solution. This work offers a novel approach for improving photocatalytic efficiency by tuning the chemical structures and surrounding microenvironment of the polymer backbone.
Nanopore‐Based Metal Ion Detection and Metal Ion‐Mediated Nanopore Sensing†
Authors: Song Xi‐Tong , Yin Yun‐Dong , Wu Guo‐Rong , Xu Ming , Gu Zhi‐Yuan 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive SummaryWith the continuous development of nanotechnology, single‐molecule nanopore detection has become a popular research topic. In this review, we summarize the application of biological nanopores for metal ions detection as well as overview the function of metal ions in the ion‐mediated nanopore detection of different analytes in recent decades. According to the previous reports, biological nanopores utilize two strategies to detect metal ions. First, the specific binding sites are engineered in the nanopore to slow down the translocation rate of metal ions, resulting in the diverse specific current blockage signals. Secondly, the external molecule probes are added in the detection system to interact with metal ions, leading to the characteristic changes in the signals. At the same time, the external addition of metal ions into the nanopore detection systems enhances the sensitivity and selectivity through the changes of pore charges, the coordination with analytes or indirect detection. This review provides a summary on the role of metal ions in the application of nanopore detection technology.
A randomized comparison of retrograde left‐sided versus anterograde right‐sided ablation of the atrioventricular junction
Authors: Dulai Rajdip , Sulke Neil , Furniss Stephen S. , Malaweera Anura , Lambiase Pier D. , Patel Nikhil , Veasey Rick A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation of the atrioventricular node (AVN) is an effective treatment for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation. This study compares the success rate, procedure time, radiation time, and complication rates of retrograde left‐sided (LSA) and anterograde right‐sided (RSA) AVN ablation in a randomised controlled trial.MethodsThirty‐one patients undergoing AVN ablation were randomized to either LSA (15 patients) or RSA (16 patients). Crossover occurred after six unsuccessful radiofrequency (RF) applications.ResultsThe LSA cohort had a mean age of 77.00 ± 5.17 and the RSA cohort was 79.44 ± 6.08 (p = .0240). There were five crossovers from LSA to RSA and there was one crossover from RSA to LSA. There was no significant difference in ablation time between LSA and RSA (210.40 ± 179.77 vs. 192.19 ± 130.29 seconds, p = .748). There was no significant difference in procedure time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, or number of RF applications between the two groups. There was 1 (6.67%) serious adverse event in the LSA group and 1 (6.25%) in the RSA group due to femoral hematomas requiring blood transfusion or intervention. There was no significant difference in patient‐reported discomfort between LSA and RSA (16.43 ± 20.67 vs. 17.87 ± 28.08, p = .877). The study was stopped before full recruitment due to futility.ConclusionsRetrograde LSA of the AVN does not reduce RF applications, procedure time, or radiation exposure compared with conventional RSA and cannot be recommended as a first‐line clinical approach.
Measurement of Microtubule Stability in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Fermino do Rosário Carline , Wadsworth Patricia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe microtubule cytoskeleton is essential for various biological processes such as the intracellular distribution of molecules and organelles, cell morphogenesis, chromosome segregation, and specification of the location of contractile ring formation. Distinct cell types contain microtubules with different extents of stability. For example, microtubules in neurons are highly stabilized to support organelle (or vesicular) transport over large distances, and microtubules in motile cells are more dynamic. In some cases, such as the mitotic spindle, both dynamic and stable microtubules coexist. Alteration of microtubule stability is connected to disease states, making understanding microtubule stability an important area of research. Methods to measure microtubule stability in mammalian cells are described here. Together, these approaches allow microtubule stability to be measured qualitatively or semiquantitatively following staining for post‐translational modifications of tubulin or treating cells with microtubule destabilizing agents such as nocodazole. Microtubule stability can also be measured quantitatively by performing fluorescence recovery after photobleaching or fluorescence photoactivation of tubulin in live cells. These methods should be helpful for those seeking to understand microtubule dynamics and stabilization. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Fixing and staining cells for tubulin post‐translational modificationsBasic Protocol 2: Evaluating microtubule stability following treatment with nocodazole in live or fixed cellsBasic Protocol 3: Measurement of microtubule dynamic turnover by quantification of fluorescence recovery after photobleachingBasic Protocol 4: Measurement of microtubule dynamic turnover by quantification of dissipation of fluorescence after photoactivation