bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental validation to explore the therapeutic mechanism of salidroside on intestine ischemia reperfusion
Authors: Chen Feng , Chai Yi-hong , Zhang Fa , Liu Yong-qiang , Zhang Yan , Shi Ya-jing , Zhang Jian-ming , Leng Yu-fang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Salidroside (SAL), a phenolic natural product present in Rhodiola rosea, are commonly used in the treatment of various ischemic-hypoxic diseases, including intestinal ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. However, their efficacy and potential mechanisms in the treatment of intestinal IR injury have not been investigated.
Objective: The objective of the present study is to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of action of SAL on intestinal IR injury using a network pharmacology approach combined with experimental validation.
Methods: In the present study, we used the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and analysis platform and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to predict possible target genes of SAL, collected relevant target genes of intestinal IR injury from GeneCards and DisGenet websites, and collected summary data to screen common target genes. Then, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) target network was constructed and analyzed by STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2 with the above intersecting genes. Then, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed and the component-target-pathway network was constructed, followed by the use of molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation to verify the possible binding conformation between SAL and candidate targets to further explore the potential targets of SAL in the treatment of intestinal IR injury. Finally, an in vivo model of mouse superior mesenteric artery ligation was established to assess the anti-intestinal IR injury effect of SAL by assessing histopathological changes in mouse small intestine by HE staining, detecting inflammatory factor expression by ELISA kit, and detecting the expression of key protein targets by Western blotting.
Results: A total of 166 SAL target genes and 1740 disease-related targets were retrieved, and 88 overlapping proteins were obtained as potential therapeutic targets. The pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the pharmacological effects of SAL on intestinal IR injury were anti-hypoxic, anti-inflammatory and metabolic pathway related, and the molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation results showed that the core bioactive components had good binding affinity for TXNIP and AMPK, and the immunoblotting results indicated that the expression levels of TXNIP and AMPK in the small intestinal tissues of mice in the drug-treated group compared with the model group were significantly changed.
Conclusion: SAL may target AMPK and TXNIP domains to act as a therapeutic agent for intestinal IR. These findings comprehensively reveal the potential therapeutic targets for SAL against intestinal IR and provide theoretical basis for the clinical application of SAL in the treatment of intestinal IR.
Decoding the role of leptin and adiponectin in obesity-related gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Marques Vanda , Arella Fabiola , Afonso Marta B. , Santos André A. , Rodrigues Cecília M.P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity brings forward its importance as a risk factor for cancer development, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. Obesity may trigger cancer development through several mechanisms, where metabolic deregulation of adipokines can modulate multiple oncogenic molecular pathways. Leptin and adiponectin are the most well-studied adipokines, and their imbalance can trigger different tumorigenic responses. Both epidemiologic and experimental studies have associated leptin with increased cancer risk and cell responsiveness in carcinogenesis and tumor invasion. On the other hand, adiponectin is reported to elicit the opposite effect. In addition to circulating or tissue adipokine levels, adiponectin, and leptin receptors or genetic polymorphisms may also play a role in cancer development. Moreover, adiponectin and leptin modulation offer valuable therapeutic approaches. We will review the links underpinning obesity and cancer development and focus on discussing the pathophysiological roles of leptin and adiponectin.
Is Methotrexate Ototoxic? Investigating the Ototoxic Late Effects of Pediatric Cancer Treatment
Authors: Moore Brittney , Sheets Gabrielle , Doss Jordan , Umrigar Ayesha , Norman Michael , Fang Zhide , Prasad Pinki , Musso Amanda , Clay Sloane , Tsien Fern 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Pediatric cancer survivors often experience long-term adverse health conditions or late effects, including hearing loss, that are attributable to cancer therapy. Ototoxic late effects have been documented in patients with cancer treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy and/or radiation. This study evaluated the late effects of methotrexate as compared to cisplatin and other cancer therapy agents on pediatric cancer survivors at the Children's Hospital of New Orleans in Louisiana (CHNOLA) and patients currently undergoing cancer treatment at Our Lady of the Lake (OLOL) Hospital in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Method:

A retrospective chart review was conducted of medical records from the CHNOLA Audiology Clinic and the Treatment After Cancer Late Effects clinic, which followed patients 2–19 years after cancer treatment completion and current patients with pediatric cancer at OLOL. This study identified pediatric cancer survivors between 2 and 24 years of age with treatment protocol information and audiological evaluations. Association studies were performed to calculate
p
values using an exact chi-square test.

Results:
More than 44% of late-effects patients had significant hearing loss; mild-to-profound hearing loss was observed in 37.5% of patients who received methotrexate treatment without cisplatin or irradiation. Eighty-three percent of the patients who received cisplatin had late-effect hearing loss. In patients currently receiving cancer treatment, 12% had significant hearing loss.

Conclusions:
The results from this study suggest that children who receive therapies not clinically established as ototoxic (i.e., methotrexate) may still be at a high risk of developing long-term hearing loss as a late effect. Due to the high incidence rate of hearing loss among patients with pediatric cancer, we recommend that audiologists be part of the late-effects care team. This study also demonstrates that patients with pediatric cancer treated with methotrexate should receive routine long-term auditory monitoring as part of their standard of care to detect and manage hearing loss early, minimizing adverse outcomes.
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy for Stuttering in the Public Schools: Children Solve Their Own Stuttering Problems in This Case Study
Authors: Ramos-Heinrichs Lourdes 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
This clinical focus article follows the case studies of three school-age children who stutter in solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT), highlighting treatment features and demonstrating positive outcomes. Empowerment and self-agency are emphasized as desired characteristics. Children searched within themselves and acted to influence therapy results. Techniques such as self-disclosure and fluency shaping were incorporated into this approach.

Method:
In a public school district, participants with moderate-to-severe stuttering used the Clinical Use of Self-Reports to measure their perceived stuttering severity across various contexts and audiences. The speech-language pathologist (SLP) provided verbal feedback/contingencies including personalized questions, supportive statements, and positive gestures/comments. The students identified a stuttering problem, implemented the suggested techniques in clinic and in their natural environments, and shared pertinent feedback during the following therapy sessions.

Results:
Participants solved stuttering problems and took charge of their own treatment. After 5 weeks of SFBT, the 18-year-old demonstrated sufficient problem-solving skills to agree to be discharged from the program. The remaining two students exhibited growth toward their individualized goals. They showed curiosity about their own stuttering situations and applied innovative strategies, in the outside world, that had been practiced and formulated in their therapy sessions.

Conclusions:
The participants engaged in conversations with the SLP, teachers, peers, and family members. They documented conversations, reflections, performance scales, and personal goals in their journals. During therapy sessions, the children clarified real-life goals and tried out techniques for managing their stuttering difficulties. In addition, they completed the Clinical Use of Self-Reports to assess their communication values, successes, and challenges.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23706363
Enabling the discovery of fast transients
Authors: Biswas B. , Ishida E. E. O. , Peloton J. , Möller A. , Pruzhinskaya M. V. , de Souza R. S. , Muthukrishna D. 
Published: August 2023

Context. Large-scale astronomical surveys such as the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) opened a new window of opportunity in the search for rare astrophysical phenomena. Community brokers, such as FINK, have the task of identifying interesting candidates and redistributing them to the community. For the specific case of fast transients, this identification should be done early, based on a limited number of observed photometric epochs, thus allowing it to trigger further observations.
Aims. We describe the fast transient classification algorithm in the centre of the kilonova (KN) science module currently implemented in the FINK broker, and we report classification results based on simulated catalogues and real data from the ZTF alert stream.
Methods. We used noiseless, homogeneously sampled simulations to construct a basis of principal components. All light curves from more realistic ZTF simulations were written as a linear combination of this basis. The corresponding coefficients were used as features in training a random forest classifier. The same method was applied to two different datasets, illustrating possible representations of ZTF light curves. The latter aimed to simulate the data situation found within the ZTF alert stream.
Results. Classification based on simulations mimicking ZTF alerts resulted in 69.30% precision and 69.74% recall when applied to a simulated test sample, thus confirming the robustness of precision results when limited to 30 days of observations. Dwarf flares and point Type Ia supernovae were the most frequent contaminants. The final trained model was integrated into the FINK broker and has been distributing fast transients, tagged as KN_candidates, to the astronomical community, especially through the GRANDMA collaboration.
Conclusions. We show that features specifically designed to grasp different light-curve behaviours provide enough information to separate fast (KN-like) from slow (non-KN-like) evolving events. This module represents one crucial link in an intricate chain of infrastructure elements for multi-messenger astronomy, which is currently being put in place by the FINK broker team in preparation for the arrival of data from the Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time.
FORECAST: A flexible software to forward model cosmological hydrodynamical simulations mimicking real observations
Authors: Fortuni Flaminia , Merlin Emiliano , Fontana Adriano , Giocoli Carlo , Romelli Erik , Graziani Luca , Santini Paola , Castellano Marco , Charlot Stéphane , Chevallard Jacopo 
Published: August 2023

Context. Comparing theoretical predictions to real data is crucial to properly formulate galaxy formation theories. However, this is usually done naively considering the direct output of simulations and quantities inferred from observations, which can lead to severe inconsistencies.
Aims. We present FORECAST, a new flexible and adaptable software package that performs forward modeling of the output of any cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to create a wide range of realistic synthetic astronomical images, and thus providing a robust foundation for accurate comparison with observational data. With customizable options for filters, field-of-view size, and survey parameters, it allows users to tailor the synthetic images to their specific requirements.
Methods. FORECAST constructs a light cone centered on the observer’s position exploiting the output snapshots of a simulation and computes the observed flux of each simulated stellar element, modeled as a single stellar population, in any chosen set of passband filters, including k correction, intergalactic medium absorption, and dust attenuation. These fluxes are then used to create an image on a grid of pixels, to which observational features such as background noise and PSF blurring can be added. This allows simulated galaxies to be obtained with realistic morphologies and star formation histories.
Results. As a first application, we present a set of images obtained exploiting the ILLUSTRISTNG simulation, emulating the GOODS-South field as observed for the CANDELS survey. We produced images of ~200 sq. arcmin, in 13 bands (eight Hubble Space Telescope optical and near-infrared bands from ACS B435 to WFC3 H160, the VLT HAWK-I Ks band, and the four IRAC filters from Spitzer), with depths consistent with the real data. We analyzed the images with the same processing pipeline adopted for real data in CANDELS and ASTRODEEP publications, and we compared the results against both the input data used to create the images and the real data, generally finding good agreement with both, with some interesting exceptions which we discuss. As part of this work, we have released the FORECAST code and two datasets. The first is the CANDELS dataset analyzed in this study, and the second dataset emulates the JWST CEERS survey images in ten filters (eight NIRCam and two MIRI) in a field of view of 200 sq. arcmin between z = 0–20.
Conclusions. FORECAST is a flexible tool: it creates images that can then be processed and analyzed using standard photometric algorithms, allowing for a consistent comparison among observations and models, and for a direct estimation of the biases introduced by such techniques.
Die Diagnose einer funktionellen Bewegungsstörung vermitteln
Authors: Michaelis Rosa , Popkirov Stoyan 
Published: August 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Diagnose einer funktionellen Bewegungsstörung sollte innerhalb neurologischer Behandlungsstrukturen anschlussfähig vermittelt werden. Erfahrungsgemäß gelingt dies am besten, wenn spezifische Untersuchungszeichen, aus denen sich neben der Diagnose auch Störungsmodell und Therapieprinzipien ableiten lassen, demonstriert und reflektiert werden. Dem kommt dabei ein größeres Gewicht zu als der Benennung der unauffälligen apparativen Ausschlussdiagnostik. Die bewusste Anerkennung funktioneller motorischer Symptome als Ausdruck einer originären neuropsychiatrischen Störung der Bewegungskontrolle stellt dabei die gebotene Haltung gegenüber Betroffenen als Grundlage für eine gelingende Diagnosevermittlung dar. Diagnosestellung und Diagnosevermittlung können – insbesondere bei knapp bemessenem Gesprächszeitrahmen – auch ohne die Erhebung psychischer Belastungen erfolgen. Mitunter kann es allerdings zielführend sein, häufige Begleitbeschwerden wie z. B. Schmerzen, Ängste, Fatigue und Schlafstörungen mit zu erheben und deren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten anzusprechen. Methoden der motivierenden Gesprächsführung helfen bei der Förderung der Therapiemotivation.
Kommt Erschöpfung aus dem Darm?
Authors: Sartor Henning 
Published: August 2023

SummaryDie Schleimhäute spielen eine wichtige Rolle für das Immunsystem. Verschiedene Schutzsysteme wahren ihre Integrität. Sie werden als „Funktionelles Feld“ beschrieben. Sich dieses Feld anzuschauen, kann die Diagnostik von verschiedenen Erkrankungen unterstützen, darunter chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankungen oder Allergien. Ebenfalls können auf diese Weise Bakterien aufgespürt werden, die Krankheitsprozesse bei Typ-2-Diabetes oder Gefäßerkrankungen anfeuern. Aktuelle Studienergebnisse zeigen eine Vice-versa-Wirkung des intestinalen Mikrobioms und dessen Stoffwechsels mit der Leistungsfähigkeit verschiedener Organsysteme wie Nerven-, Muskulatur- und Immunsystem. Als wesentlicher Verursacher von Leistungseinschränkung wurden die Fehlverdauung (= Dyspepsie = Maldigestion) und deren Toxine (intestinale Autointoxikation) identifiziert. Günstige Verhältnisse im Darm begünstigen optimale geistige und sportliche Performance. Angemessenes Training verbessert die Darmflora und deren Stoffwechsel. Einer der wesentlichen Gründe für die gesundheitsfördernde Wirkung der Bewegung wurde in Studien in dem günstigen Einfluss des Sports auf die Darmmikrobiota bestätigt.
Behandlung einer Wochenbettdepression mit Akupunktur
Authors: Stör Wolfram 
Published: August 2023

SummaryAus Sicht der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin kann der starke Blut- und Flüssigkeitsverlust bei der Entbindung das Yin schwächen. Dieser Fallbericht zeigt, wie sich die Beschwerden einer Wochenbettdepression durch Akupunktur lindern lassen.
Pathophysiologie funktioneller Bewegungsstörungen
Authors: Gless Carl Alexander , Steffen Becktepe Jos , Zeuner Kirsten E. 
Published: August 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Ursache funktioneller neurologischer Bewegungsstörungen ist multifaktoriell. Es ist denkbar, dass es eine genetische Prädisposition gibt, die zu einer verminderten Belastbarkeit und Verarbeitungsfähigkeit externer Stressoren führt. Zu den Risikofaktoren zählen Traumata in der Kindheit; insbesondere eine psychische Vernachlässigung (Neglect), innerfamiliäre Schwierigkeiten, Mobbing, erhöhter sozialer Druck und sexueller Missbrauch. Dazu passt, dass ein hoher Prozentsatz betroffener Patienten an psychiatrischen Komorbiditäten wie Depressionen, Angststörungen oder posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen leidet. Oftmals gehen der Erstmanifestation andere organische Erkrankungen, Operationen oder Unfälle voraus. Es gibt zahlreiche neurophysiologische und bildgebende Untersuchungen, die ein zugrunde liegendes gestörtes Handlungsbewusstsein nahelegen. Hierbei ist insbesondere die Wahrnehmung der Kontrolle eigener Handlungen und deren Konsequenzen gestört. Verortet wird das Handlungsbewusstsein im temporo-parietalen Knotenpunkt, der eine reduzierte Aktivierung bei Patienten mit einem funktionellen Tremor zeigt. Zudem wurde eine verminderte funktionelle Konnektivität zwischen rechtem temporo-parietalem Übergang und bilateralen sensomotorischen Regionen beschrieben. Das beeinträchtigte Handlungsbewusstsein ist vermutlich Folge einer fehlerhaften Integration motorischer Feedforward- und sensorischer Feedback-Mechanismen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden wir diese Aspekte beleuchten, um anschließend ein pathophysiologisches Modell zu erstellen.
eHealth im Community Health Nursing – Mobile Anwendungen zur Therapie von Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Iversen Linda , Weritz Jonathan , Nock Annike , Waidhas Lukas , Petersen-Ewert Corinna 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die steigende Prävalenz von Diabetes Mellitus Typ II ist ein Gesundheitsproblem von globalem Ausmaß. Digitale Anwendungen in Form von Health Apps können Patient*innen bei der Alltagsbewältigung der Erkrankung unterstützen und die Versorgungsqualität steigern. Ein Problem stellen die unübersichtliche Fülle an mobilen Anwendungen sowie die fehlende Analyse zur Qualität und Handhabbarkeit dar. Community Health Nurses verfügen über die Kompetenz, geeignete Health Apps zu implementieren und insbesondere den Patient*innen näherzubringen.
Methodik Um einen Überblick über die Wirksamkeit von Diabetes Health Apps von Diabetes Typ II zu erhalten, wurde im ersten Schritt eine systematische Literaturrecherche in internationalen Datenbanken abgeschlossen. Im nächsten Schritt wurde anhand ausgewählter Kriterien eine Analyse mit der Fragestellung, welche Health Apps sich im Setting von Community Health Nursing in der Versorgung von Patient*innen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ II eignen, durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt konnten zehn Studien in die Analyse der Literaturrecherche einbezogen werden. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass sich durch die Verwendung von Diabetes Health Apps positive Effekte auf verschiedene klinische Ergebnisparameter erzielen lassen. In die Analyse aktueller Diabetes Health Apps wurden insgesamt N=21 mobile Anwendungen inkludiert, von denen fünf Apps zwischen sechs und sieben der in der Literatur als wirksam identifizierten Auswahlkriterien aufweisen.
Schlussfolgerung Health Apps können die Versorgungspraxis verbessern. Fünf der untersuchten Diabetes-Apps erfüllen die Voraussetzungen, um effektiv im Community Health Nursing eingesetzt zu werden.
Erschöpfung in der Gynäkologie: Inflammation, Hormone oder Tumor?
Authors: Wolf Alfred S. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryEin Großteil der an SARS-CoV2-Erkrankten zeigt langzeitige Nebenwirkungen in Form von Erschöpfung, Leistungsverlust und anhaltender Müdigkeit. Generell lassen sich die Ursachen einer Fatigue im Wesentlichen einem Tumor, einer neuroendokrinen Reaktion oder einer Inflammation zuordnen. Der Verlauf und die Klinik der Post-COVID-19-Fatigue ähnelt den Erschöpfungskrankheiten ausgelöst durch Herpesviren. Bei der Therapie spielen Beratung und Coaching eine wichtige Rolle. Zunächst werden verhaltenstherapeutische Maßnahmen geraten, ergänzt durch eine Lebensstilberatung.
The Incidence and Effect of Different Organ Metastasis on the Prognosis of NSCLC
Authors: Wei Shenhai , Wei Wenchao , Wu Bingqun , Tian Jintao , Hu Pengcheng , Pan Shouqiang , Song Xiaoping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of different organ metastasis on the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods Patients with distant metastatic NSCLC were selected from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database during 2016 to 2019. The incidence of different organ metastasis and their association with clinicopathological factors were explored. Overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) for metastatic NSCLC were calculated, and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed with a nomogram for OS being constructed based on Cox regression.
Results Total 26,210 patients with distant metastatic NSCLC were included in this study. Around 48.9% of the metastatic NSCLC were multiple-organ metastasis and bone was the most commonly involved organ (44.4%). For patients with single-organ metastasis, the prognosis for lung or distant lymph nodes (LNs) metastasis was better than others (with median OS of 15 and 16 months for lung and distant LNs metastasis, respectively), and liver metastasis resulted in the worst prognosis with median OS of 8 months. A nomogram was constructed to visualize Cox regression model, along with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated good discrimination for the predictive model with 1- and 2-year area under the curve of ROC of 0.687 and 0.702, respectively.
Conclusion The prognosis of NSCLC patients with distant metastasis was poor. Liver metastasis results in the worst prognosis among the single-organ metastasis. The nomogram developed based on the Cox regression model has provided a useful tool to estimate the probability of OS of the metastatic NSCLC.