bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep disturbance as transdiagnostic mediator between adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in children and adolescents: A structural equation modeling meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Jianlin , Teh Wen Lin , Tan Rachel Hsiao Shen , Tan Yoke Boon , Tang Charmaine , Chandwani Nisha , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing research efforts have focused on understanding why some individuals develop severe psychopathology after exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Sleep disturbances (insomnia, nightmares, and sleep disorders) are prevalent sequelae of ACEs and associated with psychopathology; however, there is no meta‐analytic evidence on whether sleep disturbance functions as a transdiagnostic mediator in the relationship between ACEs and psychopathology (internalizing/externalizing disorders and psychosis) in children and adolescents.MethodsSystematic searches in three databases (PubMed; PsycINFO; Web of Science) identified 98 articles (N = 402,718; age range 1–17 years) and the present study used a novel two‐stage meta‐analytic structural equation model to investigate whether ACEs predict psychopathology through sleep disturbance. Subgroup analyses determined potential biases due to study design (cross‐sectional vs. longitudinal) and geographical differences (Western vs. non‐Western countries). Sensitivity analyses evaluated the influence of early childhood (<5 years old) and overlapping symptoms (i.e., nightmares and trauma symptoms) on model stability.ResultsThe pooled correlations among ACEs, sleep disturbance, and psychopathology were significant; the effect sizes ranged from moderate to high (r = 0.21 to r = 0.29). The indirect effect from ACEs via sleep disturbance to psychopathology was significant (β = 0.05, 95% CI [0.04, 0.06]). The direct effect of ACEs on psychopathology was significant (β = 0.18, 95% CI 0.13–0.24). Subgroup analyses revealed larger effects for cross‐sectional studies than longitudinal studies (Δ χ2 (3) = 9.71, p = 0.021). Sensitivity analyses revealed stable and consistent results.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analytic results indicate that sleep disturbance is a transdiagnostic mediator in the relationship between ACEs and psychopathology among children and adolescents. Further research is required to determine the synergistic effects between sleep disturbance and other risk mechanisms, and elucidate the complex pathways that lead to disorder in the aftermath of childhood adversities.
Developmental performance of Eristalis tenax larvae (Diptera: Syrphidae): Influence of growth media and yeast addition during captive rearing
Authors: Kamdem Michel Mathurin , Otomo Patricks Voua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn holometabolous insects, life‐history characteristics can vary in response to diet. The main aim of this contribution was to examine which diet best promotes larval development and survival of the aquatic saprophagous hoverfly Eristalis tenax L. (Diptera: Syrphidae). This study was motivated by a need to optimize techniques for rearing these insects in captivity. We studied how adding yeast to several rearing media based on animal droppings or decaying plant material affected development and survival in captive larvae, and whether these effects could be optimized depending on the amount of yeast and the rearing medium. In addition, premature exit of larvae was examined in two medium volumes to investigate differences in pupation. Larvae in yeast supplemented rabbit growth medium pupated and emerged faster than those in horse and antelope growth media. A high number of adult females emerged when compared to males, and both seemed to have a shorter developmental period in yeast supplemented growth media. Pupal survival was significantly greater in a mixture of droppings and plant organic matter, and a high medium volume of 140 ml (p < 0.05). Between 10% and 17% of larvae prematurely exited the aquatic medium in high (140) and low (70 ml) medium volumes, respectively. These results provide additional information that may be crucial for the successful mass rearing of E. tenax in captivity, and suggest that apart from the addition of yeast, growth medium quality and volume may be limiting factors for the production of large colonies of adults.
From the laboratory to the field: Chemical analysis of colored smoke pyrotechnic formulations via mass spectrometry techniques
Authors: Fedick Patrick W. , Thoreson Kelly M. , Wilkins Benjamin P. , Papenmeier Douglas M. , Bohrer Brian C. , Dilger Jonathan M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSmoke dyes are complex molecular systems that have the potential to form many molecular derivatives and fragments when deployed. The chemical analysis of smoke samples is challenging due to the adiabatic temperature of the pyrotechnic combustion and the molecular complexity of the physically dispersed reaction products. Presented here is the characterization of the reaction byproducts of a simulant Mk124 smoke signal on a multigram scale, which contain the dye disperse red 9 (1‐(methylamino)anthraquinone), by ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Our previous work has examined the thermal decomposition of a simplified smoke system consisting of disperse red 9, potassium chlorate, and sucrose by anaerobic pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry performed at the laboratory milligram scale. The results from the lab scale test were compared with a fully functioned Mk124 in the field. To achieve this, Mk124 smokes were functioned in the presence of sampling swabs that collected byproduct residues from the smoke plume in the ambient environment. These swabs were then analyzed using ambient ionization mass spectrometry to identify the expended pyrotechnic residues, with particular interest in halogenated species. Previous work determined the toxicity of unforeseen byproducts identified on the laboratory scale, which were also detected in the field demonstrating the correlation of the laboratory testing to the fielded systems. By understanding the chemical composition of smokes and their reaction products, potential toxicity effects can be easily assessed, leading to safer formulations with improved performance. These results can help assess how smoke byproducts may impact Warfighter performance, personnel health, and the environment.
Porokeratosis plantaris palmaris et disseminata with pruritic inflammatory changes
Authors: Hayashi Kei , Iinuma Shin , Ishida‐Yamamoto Akemi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPorokeratosis plantaris palmaris et disseminata (PPPD) is a rare variant of porokeratosis that begins on the palms and soles and subsequently spreads to the trunk and extremities. We report a case of PPPD with pruritic inflammatory changes in a 48‐year‐old man, presenting with a 3‐year history of pruritic papules that initially appeared on his soles and palms and later spread to his limbs as hyperkeratotic erythematous papules and confluent thick plaques. Skin biopsies revealed cornoid lamellae, along with an inflammatory infiltrate consisting of lymphocytes and histocytes in the upper dermis.
Equal bioavailability of omega‐3 PUFA from Calanus oil, fish oil and krill oil: A 12‐week randomized parallel study
Authors: Vosskötter Franziska , Burhop Milena , Hahn Andreas , Schuchardt Jan Philipp 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe bioavailability of long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA) can be affected by the form in which they are bound. An alternative source of n3 PUFA is Calanus finmarchicus oil (CO), which, unlike fish oil (FO) and krill oil (KO), contains fatty acids primarily bound as wax esters. Recent studies have shown that n3 PUFA from CO are bioavailable to humans, but CO has not been compared to other marine oils such as FO or KO. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 12 weeks supplementation with CO, FO and KO on the long‐term n3 PUFA status in healthy volunteers. The Omega‐3 Index (O3I), defined as red blood cell EPA + DHA content as a percentage of total identified fatty acids, was used as a measure to assess n3 PUFA status. Sixty‐two participants (mean ± standard deviation [SD] age: 29.7 ± 8.43 years) completed the randomized parallel group study (CO group: n = 21, 4 capsules/day, EPA + DHA dose: 242 mg/day; FO group: n = 22, 1 capsule/day, EPA + DHA dose: 248 mg/day; KO group: n = 19, 2 capsules/day, EPA + DHA dose: 286 mg/day). At baseline, the three groups showed comparable (mean ± SD) O3I values (CO: 5.13 ± 1.12%, FO: 4.90 ± 0.57%, KO: 4.87 ± 0.77%). The post‐interventional (mean ± SD) O3I increase was comparable between the three groups (CO: 1.09 ± 0.55%; FO: 1.0 ± 0.53%; KO: 1.15 ± 0.65%, all p < 0.001). The study confirms that CO can increase the n3 PUFA status comparable to FO and KO and is therefore an alternative marine source of bioavailable n3 PUFA, especially with regard to sustainability.
From Biomass to Bio‐Based Polymers: Exploitation of Vanillic Acid for the Design of New Copolymers with Tunable Properties
Authors: Vannini Micaela , Giacobazzi Greta , Marchese Paola , Gioia Claudio , Marega Carla , Righetti Maria Cristina , Celli Annamaria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVanillic acid represents a potentially interesting bio‐based building block for the production of new aliphatic‐aromatic polymers, characterized by thermal properties similar to those of the analogous terephthalic polyesters. However, poly(ethylene vanillate) proved to be a very brittle material, probably due to a very high degree of crystallinity, and, then, not suitable for melt processing. Therefore, the synthesis of copolymers, based on vanillic acid and pentadecalactone is considered as a strategy to obtain new polymeric materials with a low degree of crystallinity, tunable properties, and better performances. The synthesis of these fully bio‐based random copolymers is successful. The thermal properties have been studied in order to correlate chemical structure and final performances. The polymers proved to be processable and films are obtained, suggesting possible applications of the copolymers in a new sustainable flexible packaging.
Review on Cell Structure Regulation and Performances Improvement of Porous Poly(Lactic Acid)
Authors: Hou Yangzhe , Pan Yamin , Zhou Zhenyu , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu , Liu Xianhu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent advances in the cell structure regulation and performances improvement of porous poly(lactic acid) materials (PPMs) are systematically reviewed in this feature article. First, the typical processing methods, including template method, non‐solvent induced phase separation, freeze–drying, and supercritical CO2 foaming, of PPMs are introduced emphatically. Their various cell morphologies by different processing methods are summarized: finger–like, honeycomb–like, fiber–like, through cell, open cell, closed cell, ball–like, and flower–like. Meanwhile, the transformation among different cell morphologies as well as the changes in cell size and cell density, having impact on the performances, is described. Second, the influence of stereo–complex crystals on the cell structure of PPMs is emphatically reviewed. Furthermore, the relationships between cell structure and properties that includes mechanical properties, thermal stability, heat insulation, and hydrophobicity, are elaborated. Eventually, the issues of PPMs worthy of further study are discussed.
Expert consensus on treatment for stage III non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wu Yi‐Long , Lu Shun , Zhou Qinghua , Zhang Li , Cheng Ying , Wang Jie , Wang Buhai , Hu Chengping , Lin Lizhu , Zhong Wenzhao , Song Yong , Yang Nong , Dong Xiaorong , Zhao Jian , Yang Haihong , Guo Hui , Yan Xiaolong , Liu Hongxu , Ma Rui , Lin Jie , Liu Siyang , Chen Chun , Wang Lifeng , Zhou Chengzhi , Zhou Ming , Wu Fang , Yang Xue‐Ning , Du Yingying , Yao Yu , Shao Yang , Hong Shaodong , Cui Jiuwei , Quan Xueping , Chen Rongrong , Wu Jiayan , Zhang Jiatao , Zhou Jianya , Wang Binchao , Cheng Chao , Wang Huijuan , Liu Jingjing , Wu Lin , Huang Yan , Kuang Yukun , Zhang Yongchang , Hu Jia , Yang Jinji , Feng Weineng , Su Wenmei , Fan Yun , Yang Fan , Chen Ming , Tang Kejing , Pan Yi , Shen Peng , Liu Anwen , Zhang Haibo , Liang Wenhua , Zhou Qing , Ma Zhiyong , Cai Xiuyu , Liu Hui , Chen Longfei , Chuai Shaokun , Shan Jianzhen , Zheng Yanfang , You Changxuan , Zhu Xiaoxia , Li Li , Zhang Tongmei , Tu Haiyan , Lin Wurong , Zhang Xuchao , Zhou Penghui , Ke Zunfu , Liang Huiying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) encompasses a group of diseases with high heterogeneity. Such patients should actively receive comprehensive treatments. It is imperative for all stage III NSCLC patients to receive consultation with a multiple disciplinary team, which allows the development of a proposal for clinical diagnosis and treatment. In this consensus, stage III NSCLC is divided into two types (operable and inoperable) according to different clinical conditions. Resectable NSCLC is further subdivided into two conditions (with or without driver genes). For each clinical scenario, this consensus emphasizes that the foundation of any medical decisions regarding the optimal diagnostic or therapy procedure is scientific evidence from clinical research. Finally, based on the level of evidence and strength of recommendations, this consensus provides recommendations for the management of stage III NSCLC from six perspectives. The objective of this consensus is to help clinicians choose the best treatment and promote the standardization of stage III NSCLC diagnosis and treatment in China.
Comparison of deep learning models with simple method to assess the problem of antimicrobial peptides prediction
Authors: Lobanov M. Y. , Slizen M. V. , Dovidchenko N. V. , Panfilov A. V. , Surin A. A. , Likhachev I. V. , Galzitskaya O. V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntibiotic‐resistant strains are an emerging threat to public health. The usage of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is one of the promising approaches to solve this problem. For the development of new AMPs, it is necessary to have reliable prediction methods. Recently, deep learning approaches have been used to predict AMP. In this paper, we want to compare simple and complex methods for these purposes. We used the BERT transformer to create sequence embeddings and the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and light attention (LA) approaches for classification. One of them reached about 80 % accuracy and specificity in benchmark testing, which is on par with the best available methods. For comparison, we proposed a simple method using only the amino acid composition of proteins or peptides. This method has shown good results, at the level of the best methods. We have prepared a special server for predicting the ability of AMPs by amino acid composition: http://bioproteom.protres.ru/antimicrob/.
One‐bit wideband reconfigurable reflectarray with stable beam‐scanning gain for X‐band application
Authors: Zheng Kailang , Xu Kuiwen , Chen Shichang , Zhou Tao , Pan Xiao‐Min , Zhang Changming , Yu Xianbin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA wideband and electrically reconfigurable reflectarray (RRA) is presented for X‐band application. The unit cell is composed of two heterogeneous resonators, that is, a split resonator ring and a metallic patch, and two positive‐intrinsic‐negative (PIN) diodes integrated between these two resonators. A bias circuit on the bottom layer is designed to achieve the switching of the two states via properly placing the PIN diodes on the resonators with minimal electric field. One‐bit phase quantization is obtained by switching two different resonant mode via controlling the ON or OFF state of two PIN diodes. The simulated results show that the proposed unit cell can achieve one‐bit phase quantization with 180° ± 20° and reflection coefficients of ‐1 dB from 9.5 to 10.8 GHz, corresponding relative bandwidth of 12.81%. In addition, a fully functional 12 × 12 RRA fed by a linearly polarized horn is theoretically designed, simulated, and fabricated. The measured results show that the main beam can be steered from −50° to +50° at operating frequency, for example, 10.1 GHz with 1.5 dB gain loss within the scanning range and 20.34% aperture efficiency. In addition, the measured average gain is about 17.5 dBi and 3 dB gain bandwidth is about 15.68% from 9.4 to 11 GHz. In virtue of wide bandwidth, stable radiation gain, and good beam scanning capability, the proposed RRA is promising for future wireless communication and radar.
Signal preprocessing routines for the detection and classification of human micro‐Doppler radar signatures
Authors: Tekir Onur , Yılmaz Betül , Özdemir Caner 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, we introduce a radar sensor that we have developed for the micro‐Doppler signature measurements together with three consecutive signal preprocessing routines that are to be used for primary detection and classification of human gait and movements. The developed C‐band radar sensor has been used in a series of human walking and running experiments that were conducted at Mersin University facilities. First, the raw data collected in time domain are transformed to two‐dimensional (2D) time‐frequency plane to investigate the Doppler characteristics of human movements. To detect and extract the main body signature of the human, a Kalman filter‐based torso signature detection methodology is introduced as the first preprocessing tool. Then, to be able to better detect the other body parts’ signatures, the torso's response is thoroughly extracted from the 2D time‐Doppler image as the second preprocessing routine by applying a circular shift procedure along each time‐bin. As the last procedure, envelopes of the micro‐Doppler signatures on the 2D time‐Doppler image plane are determined by another routine based on human Doppler threshold method. To assess the success and the validity of the proposed pre‐signal processing tools, they are applied to the measured data collected via different experiments of human movements. After applying all these steps, the torso signature and envelopes of all other body parts’ signatures are marked and determined with good fidelity.
A low‐profile low‐sidelobe beam steering metasurface lens based on amplitude‐phase control
Authors: Yuan Yi , Huang Chao , Ding Jun , Guo Chenjiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this letter, a low‐profile low‐sidelobe beam steering metasurface lens (metalens) is presented. The proposed metalens achieves asymmetric polarization conversion using only a single layer with a low profile. Aiming at the metalens, a modified Taylor synthesis method for amplitude modulation is proposed, which reduces the sidelobe level (SLL) while the beam is tilted. Compared with the previous beam steering metasurface, it has a low profile and SLL. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.
A new amide from the fruiting bodies of Tricholoma bakamatsutake
Authors: Zhang Feng‐Ming , Lu Bin , Wang Yue‐Hu , Yu Fu‐Qiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new amide tricholomine C was isolated from the dried fruiting bodies of Tricholoma bakamatsutake. Its structure was identified by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The ethyl alcohol crude extract and tricholomines A–C from T. bakamatsutake were evaluated for neuroprotective activities. Of these substances, the crude extract showed weak neurite outgrowth‐promoting activity in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, as well as weak inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE).
Deforestation alters species interactions
Authors: Howes Benjamin , González‐Suárez Manuela , Jensen Henrik Jeldtoft , Anjos Luiz dos , Develey Pedro F. , Hatfield Jack H. , Morante‐Filho José Carlos , Uezu Alexandre , Banks‐Leite Cristina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInterspecific interactions are a major determinant of stability in ecological communities and are known to vary with biotic and abiotic conditions. Deforestation is the primary driver of the ongoing sixth mass extinction, yet its effect on species interactions remains largely unexplored. We investigate how deforestation affects species interactions using a complex systems model and a co‐occurrence dataset of 363 bird species, observed across 134 sites, from 5 regions across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest totalling 27,226 interactions. Both theoretical and empirical results show that interspecific interactions vary non‐monotonically with forest cover and are more positive than average in areas with higher forest cover, and to a lesser extent in highly deforested areas. Observed differences in interactions reflect both species turnover and changes in pairwise interactions. Our results point to changes in stability across the gradient of deforestation that may lead to varying community resilience to environmental perturbations.Key Interdisciplinary Aspects
Species interactions are expected to vary due to the biological, chemical and physical changes caused by deforestation on their local environment.
We use a mathematical complex systems approach, as well as ecological data, to show that species interactions are more positive in highly forested areas.
We propose that the alteration of species interactions caused by deforestation will affect the stability of communities and their resilience to future perturbations (e.g. climate change).
Finite‐time fault detection for nonlinear delayed system with dynamic quantization and multiple packet dropouts
Authors: Wu Zhihui , Zhao Xue , Chen Cai , Zhao Yue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe attention of this article is mainly paid to the finite‐time fault detection (FD) problem for nonlinear delayed system with dynamic quantization and multiple packet dropouts. The probabilistic interval time‐varying delay is addressed, which might fall into two intervals with known probability. The measurement signals are quantized by a dynamic quantizer and then transmitted over communication network, where the multiple packet dropouts might occur. The main objective of the considered problem is to design a finite‐time FD filter such that the FD system is stochastically finite‐time stable (SFTS) with guaranteed performance in the presence of probabilistic interval time‐varying delay, dynamic quantization and multiple packet dropouts. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient criteria for the presence of the desired finite‐time FD filter are presented. Afterwards, the desired filter gain matrices are given via solving certain linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, a simulation example is used to show the applicability of the obtained finite‐time FD algorithm.
Measure concentration and the Schrödinger equation
Authors: Yserentant Harry 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis talk pursued the aim to represent the solutions of the electronic Schrödinger equation as traces of higher‐dimensional functions. This allows to decouple the electron‐electron interaction potential but comes at the price of a degenerate elliptic operator replacing the Laplace operator on the higher‐dimensional space. The surprising observation is that this operator can without much loss again be substituted by the Laplace operator, the more successful the larger the system under consideration is. This is due to a nontrivial concentration of measure phenomenon that has much to do with the random projection theorem known from probability theory and can, for example, serve as a building block for the construction of iterative methods that map sums of products of orbitals and geminals onto functions of the same type.