bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The small molecule fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor infigratinib exerts anti‐inflammatory effects and remyelination in a model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rajendran Ranjithkumar , Rajendran Vinothkumar , Böttiger Gregor , Stadelmann Christine , Shirvanchi Kian , von Au Laureen , Bhushan Sudhanshu , Wallendszus Natascha , Schunin Darja , Westbrock Victor , Liebisch Gerhard , Ergün Süleyman , Karnati Srikanth , Berghoff Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeFibroblast growth factors and receptors (FGFR) have been shown to modulate inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). The selective FGFR inhibitor infigratinib has been shown to be effective in cancer models. Here, we investigate the effects of infigratinib on prevention and suppression of first clinical episodes of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55‐induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice.Experimental ApproachThe FGFR inhibitor infigratinib was given over 10 days from the time of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction or the onset of symptoms. The effects of infigratinib on proliferation, cytotoxicity and FGFR signalling proteins were studied in lymphocyte cell lines and microglial cells.Key ResultsAdministration of infigratinib prevented by 40% and inhibited by 65% first clinical episodes of the induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In the spinal cord, infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages/microglia, destruction of myelin and axons were reduced by infigratinib. Infigratinib enhanced the maturation of oligodendrocytes and increased remyelination. In addition, infigratinib resulted in an increase of myelin proteins and a decrease in remyelination inhibitors. Further, lipids associated with neurodegeneration such as lysophosphatidylcholine and ceramide were decreased as were proliferation of T cells and microglial cells.Conclusion and ImplicationsThis proof of concept study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of targeting FGFRs in a disease model of multiple sclerosis. Application of oral infigratinib resulted in anti‐inflammatory and remyelinating effects. Thus, infigratinib may have the potential to slow disease progression or even to improve the disabling symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
Yield Curves for Main Street: Housing and financial capital returns in a developing economy
Authors: Ybrayev Zhandos , Orakbayev Yernur , Utarbayev Askar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTotal housing real returns in large agglomerations in Kazakhstan are approximately 1% per year lower than in the rest of the country. Our results are also supportive of emerging literature, that housing real rent returns, adjusted for population, are generally lower in large agglomerations compared to the rest of the country. We indicate that within‐country heterogeneity of housing returns mainly result from the spatial concentration of economic activity in urban centers. Our findings also suggest that residential real estate in a developing economy produces higher returns compared to financial capital over the long‐run. At the same time, the volatility of holding housing investment is substantially higher than its “safe” alternative (i.e. deposit rate paid for savings deposits). As such, “Yield Curves for Main Street” concept refers to the general positive spread between total housing returns and financial capital returns in a developing economy.
Aggressive vocalizations during intergroup interactions in roost defense in the Spix's disk‐winged bat
Authors: Chaves‐Ramírez Silvia , Sagot Maria , Sánchez‐Chavarría Mariela , Chaverri Gloriana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnimals engage in agonistic interactions to gain exclusive access to territories and resources. Understanding these interactions in bats, however, has proven difficult given their high mobility and nocturnal habits. For bats, roosts are a critical resource; thus, the study of agonistic behaviors associated with the use of these resources could provide valuable information to understand how and whether individuals monopolize them. Here, we used Thyroptera tricolor to study agonistic behaviors associated with access to a roosting resource. We experimentally studied the behavioral responses of focal groups when interacting with different intruders during the occupation of an ephemeral roosting resource. We found that T. tricolor responds more aggressively to intruders than to members of its own group, increasing the number of aggressive vocalizations. We also found differences in the rate of agonistic behaviors based on the identity of the intruders. Specifically, we observed that bats produced a large number of aggressive vocalizations when interacting with nearby intruders, supporting the “nasty neighbor” hypothesis. This study provided the first empirical evidence that aggressive vocalizations may serve as a mechanism to defend and maintain exclusive roosting sites in social groups of T. tricolor.
Trends in adverse drug reactions related to oral weak opioid analgesics in therapeutic use in adults: A 10‐year French vigilances retrospective study
Authors: Caré Weniko , Pinel Sylvine , Dufayet Laurène , Langrand Jérôme , Micallef Joëlle , Vodovar Dominique 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo describe the symptoms, patient demographics, and trends over time of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to weak opioid analgesics reported to the French vigilance networks.MethodsRetrospective study of data from French Poison Control Centers and Pharmacovigilance Centers databases of weak opioid analgesics‐related ADRs cases, with high causality score, in adults, in therapeutic analgesic use, without co‐exposure, between 2011 and 2020.ResultsThe number of cases was 388 in the Poisonings database and 155 in the Pharmacovigilance database; ratio of the number of these cases to all reported cases during the study period was 0.02% and 0.03%, respectively. Tramadol was most often involved (74% and 56.1%, respectively), followed by codeine (26% and 38.7%, respectively). There was no significant variation in the number of cases reported. Cases most often involved young adults (median age: 40 years) and mostly women (76%). Gastrointestinal symptoms were mostly reported (80% and 65%, respectively) as described in the Summary of Products Characteristics. Patterns of ADRs were comparable in both databases, except for codeine‐associated acute pancreatitis and anaphylaxis that were reported in the Pharmacovigilance database. No fatality was observed. Severity was more often observed in the Pharmacovigilance database (30%) than in the Poisonings database (moderate toxicity: 7%).ConclusionADRs mostly occurred among young women using tramadol, without significant variation in the number of reported cases over time. Serious ADRs were more frequently reported to the Pharmacovigilance database, particularly for codeine. Women seemed to be at greater risk of ADRs.
Ephrin B/EphB in neuropathic pain: Role and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Kaur Sahibpreet , Bali Anjana , Singh Nirmal , Jaggi Amteshwar Singh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEphrins are protein ligands that act through the tyrosine kinase receptor family, Eph receptors. The role of ephrin/Eph in the critical processes involved in the development of the nervous system, including axon guidance and cell migration, has been well documented. Moreover, studies have shown an upregulation of ephrin B1/EphB1 and ephrin B2/EphB2 in neuropathic pain of different etiology. The activation of the ephrin B/EphB system in the dorsal root ganglion and dorsal horn of the spinal cord may be essential in initiating and maintaining neuropathic pain. Accordingly, it can be proposed that the pharmacological inhibitors of EphB receptors may be potentially employed to manage the manifestations of pain. One of the primary mechanisms involved in ephrin B/EphB‐mediated synaptic plasticity includes phosphorylation and activation of NMDA receptors, which may be secondary to activation of different kinases, including MAP kinases (MAPK), protein kinase C (PKC), and Src family kinases (SFK). The other molecular mechanisms may include activation of inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord, caspase‐3, calpain‐1, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K), protein kinase A (PKA), and cAMP Response Element‐Binding Protein (CREB). The present review discusses the role and molecular mechanisms involved in ephrin B/EphB‐mediated neuropathic pain of different etiology.
Antibiotic resistance, heteroresistance, and eradication success ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection in children
Authors: Kotilea Kallirroi , Iliadis Eleni , Nguyen Julie , Salame Assad , Mahler Tania , Miendje Deyi Veronique Yvette , Bontems Patrick 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotic resistance is a well‐known factor ofHelicobacter pylorieradication failure. Heteroresistance indicates the coexistence of resistant and susceptible strains and might lead to underestimating antimicrobial resistance. This study aims to evaluate the susceptibility profile, the frequency of heteroresistance ofH. pyloristrains, and their effect on eradication success in a pediatric population.Materials and MethodsChildren aged 2–17 years who underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2011 to 2019 with positiveH. pyloristatus were included. Susceptibility was measured by disk diffusion and E‐test. The difference in susceptibility profiles between isolates from the antrum and the corpus was used to detect heteroresistance. For those who received eradication treatment, we evaluated eradication rate and factors affecting treatment success.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by 565 children. Strains susceptible to all antibiotics were detected in 64.2%. Primary resistance rates for clarithromycin (CLA), metronidazole (MET), levofloxacin (LEV), tetracyclin (TET), and amoxicillin (AMO) were 11%, 22.9%, 6.9%, 0.4%, and 0% and secondary resistance rates were 20.4%, 29.4%, 9.3%, 0%, and 0%. Heteroresistance was present in untreated children in 2%, 7.1%, 0.7%, 0.7%, and 0% for CLA, MET, LEV, TET, and AMO. First‐line eradication rates were 78.5% in intention‐to‐treat (ITT), 88.3% in full‐analysis‐set (FAS), and 94.1% in per‐protocol (PP). Factors affecting eradication success were the duration of treatment when the triple‐tailored treatment was used, the number of daily doses of amoxicillin administered, and the patient's adherence to treatment.ConclusionsThis study shows the presence of relatively low primary resistance rates forH. pyloriisolates but demonstrates the presence of heteroresistance in our population. Routine biopsies from the antrum and corpus must be considered for susceptibility testing to allow tailored treatments and increase eradication rates. Treatment success is affected by treatment choice, correct dosing of medications, and adherence. All these factors should be considered when evaluating the efficacy of an eradication regimen.
Healthy Parent Carers: Acceptability and practicability of online delivery and learning through implementation by delivery partner organisations
Authors: Garrood Alice , Bjornstad Gretchen , Borek Aleksandra , Gillett Annette , Lloyd Jenny , Brand Sarah , Tarrant Mark , Ball Susan , Hawton Annie , McDonald Annabel , Fredlund Mary , Boyle Fleur , Berry Vashti , Logan Stuart , Morris Christopher 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundParent carers of disabled children are at increased risk of physical and mental health problems. The Healthy Parent Carers (HPC) programme is a manualised peer‐led group‐based programme that aims to promote parent carer health and wellbeing. Previously, the programme had been delivered in person, with recruitment and delivery managed in a research context. This study explored implementation by two delivery partner organisations in the United Kingdom. Facilitator Training and Delivery Manuals were modified for online delivery using Zoom due to COVID‐19.MethodsThe study methodology utilised the Replicating Effective Programs framework. A series of stakeholder workshops informed the development of the Implementation Logic Model and an Implementation Package. After delivering the programme, delivery partner organisations and facilitators participated in a workshop to discuss experiences of implementing the programme. A wider group of stakeholders, including commissioners, Parent Carer Forums and charity organisations representatives and researchers subsequently met to consider the sustainability and potential barriers to delivering the programme outside the research context.ResultsThis study explored implementation by two delivery partner organisations in the United Kingdom that were able to recruit facilitators, who we trained, and they recruited participants and delivered the programme to parent carers in different localities using Zoom. The co‐created Implementation Logic Model and Implementation Package were subsequently refined to enable the further roll‐out of the programme with other delivery partner organisations.ConclusionsThis study provides insight and understanding of how the HPC programme can be implemented sustainably outside of the research context. Further research will evaluate the effectiveness of the programme and refine the implementation processes.Patient and Public ContributionParent carers, delivery partner organisation staff and service commissioners were consulted on the design, delivery and reporting of the research.
Effect of L‐4‐Thiazolylalanine (Protinol™) on skin barrier strength and skin protection
Authors: Haxaire C. , Liebel F. , Portocarrero Huang G. , Chen S. , Knapp E. , Idkowiak‐Baldys J. , Glynn J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesSkin barrier properties are critical for maintaining epidermal water content, protecting from environmental factors and providing the first line of defense against pathogens. In this study, we investigated the non‐proteinogenic amino acid L‐4‐Thiazolylalanine (L4) as a potential active ingredient in skin protection and barrier strength.MethodsL4 on wound healing, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidant properties were evaluated using monolayers and 3D skin equivalents. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value was used in vitro as a strong indicator of barrier strength and integrity. Clinical L4 efficacy was assessed for the evaluation of the skin barrier integrity and soothing benefits.ResultsIn vitro treatments of L4 show beneficial effects in wound closure mechanism, and we demonstrate that L4 anti‐oxidant benefits with markedly increased HSP70 and decreased reactive oxygen species production induced by UVs exposure. Barrier strength and integrity were significantly improved by L4, confirmed clinically by an increase in 12R‐lipoxygenase enzymatic activity in the stratum corneum. In addition, soothing benefits of L4 have been shown clinically with the decrease in redness after methyl nicotinate application on the inner arm and the significant reduction of the erythema and the skin desquamation on the scalp.ConclusionL4 delivered multiple skin benefits by strengthening the skin barrier, accelerating the skin repair process as well as soothing the skin and the scalp with anti‐inflammaging effects. The observed efficacy validates L4 as a desirable skincare ingredient for topical treatment.
Rendering natural collocations in a translation task: The effect of direction, congruency, semantic transparency, and proficiency
Authors: Sonbul Suhad , El‐Dakhs Dina Abdel Salam , Alharbi Rezan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSecond language (L2) research has extensively examined various factors that might influence the processing and learning of collocations, including congruency, semantic transparency, L2 proficiency, and (to a limited extent) directionality. However, research examining the effect of these factors on the natural rendering of collocations by translation trainees is scarce. The present study aims to apply the factors identified in L2 research in a natural translation context. The aim is to examine whether such factors may influence rendering collocations naturally from the source language to the target language. Ninety‐two Arabic–English translator trainees took part in the study. They translated short equivalent passages containing 40 collocations in both directions (Arabic—English and English—Arabic). A mixed‐effects model was fit to examine factors that may predict the production of a natural collocation: translation direction, L1 congruency, semantic transparency, and proficiency. Results showed no differences between the production of natural collocations to and from the native language. However, there was a significant effect of congruency and semantic transparency; congruent collocations and collocations that had a transparent meaning were more likely to be rendered naturally. Moreover, estimated proficiency level in English modulated congruency effects in that the difference between congruent and incongruent items declined as estimated proficiency increased. Results of the present study suggest that second language models and translation models should incorporate semantic transparency of collocations. Moreover, the results imply that collocations and their properties should be explicitly taught in translation classrooms.
The Global Leadership Mentoring Community: An evaluation of its impact on nursing leadership
Authors: Rosser Elizabeth A. , Edwards Samantha , Kwan Rick Yiu Cho , Ito Misae , Potter Danita R. , Hodges Kimberly T. , Buckner Ellen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate a year‐long mentorship program, pairing nurses from different regions across the world to support their global leadership capability, and identifying additional consequences of their participation.BackgroundInvestment in developing nurse leaders continues as a strategic global imperative. Building on the first cohort's recommendations, this second program illustrates continued progress.Program evaluationUsing the logic model of program evaluation, this non‐empirical paper uses data collected from anonymized questionnaires and participants’ stories to help improve the program, illustrating innovative practices to develop the confidence and competence of emerging and established nurse leaders globally.DiscussionThe value of mentorship was recognized, and there were gains for both mentors and mentees in the development of leadership confidence and competence. Through engagement and collaboration with the whole community, participants were encouraged to understand their own and others’ cultures avoiding assumptions and stereotypes.ConclusionThis evaluation illustrates that in addition to helping improve future programs, mentorship has enabled the growth of individuals’ skill sets and the confidence to reach out to peers across the world to understand the meaning of global health and to make a meaningful contribution to the challenges they face.Implications for nursing practiceNurse managers should be encouraged to develop and formalize a mentoring culture to benefit the leadership competence and well‐being of their workforce.Implications for nursing policyEvery nurse has a responsibility to invest in nursing leadership for themselves and others. Mentorship can assist nurse leaders to build workforce capability to lead and contribute to the policy agenda locally, nationally, and internationally. Starting early and at the individual level, global mentorship programs can develop leadership expertise to help nurses find their voice and strengthen their confidence and competence to lead and therefore build the strategic leaders of the future.
Political institutions and corporate risk‐taking: International evidence
Authors: Bao Helen X. H. , Cardoza Rohan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTapping into firm‐level accounting data across 90 countries over a 26‐year period, we find that sound political institutions are positively associated with corporate risk‐taking. This result is economically significant, robust to alternative proxies for corporate risk‐taking and political institutions, and continues to hold after mitigating endogeneity concerns of political institutions. We also collect evidence that sound political institutions may compensate for weak legal institutions in inducing corporate risk‐taking. We argue that sound political institutions improve the investment environment for firms and can induce higher levels of corporate risk‐taking, which is ultimately associated with economic growth.
Competing in daily fantasy sports using generative models
Authors: Mlčoch David , Hubáček Ondřej 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe introduce a model for competing in daily fantasy sports competitions. Our approach combines modeling of players' fantasy points and subsequent lineup optimization. The distribution of fantasy points was estimated using an ensemble of generative models. We designed a mixed‐integer quadratic program to optimize not only the average fantasy points but also the variance and covariance of players' fantasy points to exploit the top‐heavy payout structures. We tested our approach on real‐world data. Over eight weeks, the model generated a profit of €2439 with an initial investment of €7133, resulting in a return on investment of over 34%.
Barriers and enablers to screening, management and referral of sleep disorders in patients attending cardiac rehabilitation: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Le Grande Michael R. , Murphy Barbara , Kerr Debra , Beauchamp Alison , Driscoll Andrea , Jackson Alun C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo examine healthcare professional's knowledge about assessment and management of sleep disorders for cardiac patients and to describe the barriers to screening and management in cardiac rehabilitation settings.DesignA qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected via semi‐structured interviews.MethodsIn March 2022, a total of seven focus groups and two interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals who currently work in cardiac rehabilitation settings. Participants included 17 healthcare professionals who had undertaken cardiac rehabilitation training within the past 5 years. The study adheres to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines. An inductive thematic analysis approach was utilized.ResultsSix themes and 20 sub‐themes were identified. Non‐validated approaches to identify sleep disorders (such as asking questions) were often used in preference to validated instruments. However, participants reported positive attitudes regarding screening tools provided they did not adversely affect the therapeutic relationship with patients and benefit to patients could be demonstrated. Participants indicated minimal training in sleep issues, and limited knowledge of professional guidelines and recommended that more patient educational materials are needed.ConclusionIntroduction of screening for sleep disorders in cardiac rehabilitation settings requires consideration of resources, the therapeutic relationship with patients and the demonstrated clinical benefit of extra screening. Awareness and familiarity of professional guidelines may improve confidence for nurses in the management of sleep disorders for patients with cardiac illness.ImpactsThe findings from this study address healthcare professionals' concerns regarding introduction of screening for sleep disorders for patients with cardiovascular disease. The results indicate concern for therapeutic relationships and patient management and have implications for nursing in settings such as cardiac rehabilitation and post‐cardiac event counselling.Reporting MethodAdherence to COREQ guidelines was maintained.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution as this study explored health professionals' experiences only.