bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change and Forest Insect Pests
Authors: Battisti Andrea , Larsson Stig 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClimate change and the underlying causal factors have been thoroughly described in the scientific literature. Although well understood and documented in general, we are only beginning to understand the effects of climate change on biotic systems, such as insect communities. It seems obvious that insect pest problems should be be more important in a warmer climate; temperature has a strong impact on insect physiology and demography. It must be remembered, however, that insect distribution and abundance are controlled by many factors other than temperature, e.g. host plant, natural enemies. This chapter summarizes empirical evidence for climate change-induced insect pest problems, i.e. changed distribution range and frequency of insect outbreaks. The chapter reviews cases of forest pests for which there is sufficient scientific evidence of climate change-effects on their population dynamics leading to outbreaks, strong enough to be a concern for forest ecology and management.
Insect Ecology
Authors: Haavik Laurel J. , Stephen Fred M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsect ecology is the study of how insects interact with the environment. The environment consists of both physical characteristics (abiotic) and other organisms (biotic). Insects are natural components of forests and perform a variety of essential functions that help maintain forests as ecosystems. As consumers of forest products, people sometimes compete with insects for forest resources.
Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on salt-coated surfaces: an in vitro study
Authors: Gsell Monika , Bulliard Xavier , Schorderet Weber Sandra , Xiang Yang , Constant Samuel , Steiner Sandro , Biselli Silvia , Pugin Raphael , Palmieri Michele , Hogg Andreas , Peitsch Manuel C. , Hoeng Julia , Stan Adrian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), face masks have become a very important safety measure against the main route of transmission of the virus: droplets and aerosols. Concerns that masks contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 infectious particles could be a risk for self-contamination have emerged early in the pandemic as well as solutions to mitigate this risk. The coating of masks with sodium chloride, an antiviral and non-hazardous to health chemical, could be an option for reusable masks. To assess the antiviral properties of salt coatings deposited onto common fabrics by spraying and dipping, the present study established an in vitro bioassay using three-dimensional airway epithelial cell cultures and SARS-CoV-2 virus. Virus particles were given directly on salt-coated material, collected, and added to the cell cultures. Infectious virus particles were measured by plaque forming unit assay and in parallel viral genome copies were quantified over time. Relative to noncoated material, the sodium chloride coating significantly reduced virus replication, confirming the effectiveness of the method to prevent fomite contamination with SARS-CoV-2. In addition, the lung epithelia bioassay proved to be suitable for future evaluation of novel antiviral coatings.
Screening of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from liquid fungal cultures using ambient mass spectrometry
Authors: Heffernan Daniel , Pilz Melania , Klein Marco , Haack Martina , Race Alan M. , Brück Thomas , Qoura Farah , Strittmatter Nicole 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe potential of fungi for use as biotechnological factories in the production of a range of valuable metabolites, such as enzymes, terpenes, and volatile aroma compounds, is high. Unlike other microorganisms, fungi mostly secrete secondary metabolites into the culture medium, allowing for easy extraction and analysis. To date, the most commonly used technique in the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is gas chromatography, which is time and labour consuming. We propose an alternative ambient screening method that provides rapid chemical information for characterising the VOCs of filamentous fungi in liquid culture using a commercially available ambient dielectric barrier discharge ionisation (DBDI) source connected to a quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The effects of method parameters on measured peak intensities of a series of 8 selected aroma standards were optimised with the best conditions being selected for sample analysis. The developed method was then deployed to the screening of VOCs from samples of 13 fungal strains in three different types of complex growth media showing clear differences in VOC profiles across the different media, enabling determination of best culturing conditions for each compound-strain combination. Our findings underline the applicability of ambient DBDI for the direct detection and comparison of aroma compounds produced by filamentous fungi in liquid culture.
Graphical abstract
Clinical outcomes of frozen–thawed blastocysts from zygotes with no or one pronucleus for in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles
Authors: Tong Xiaomei , Jin Jiamin , Xue Yamei , Fang Lu , Zhu Haiyan , Jiang Lingying , Zhang Songying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles using frozen–thawed blastocyst transfers derived from zygotes with no (0PN) or one pronucleus (1PN).

Methods
This retrospective study included 7084 0PN, 2238 1PN, and 72,266 two pronuclear (2PN) embryos cultured to the blastocyst stage from 19,631 IVF and 12,377 ICSI cycles between March 2018 and December 2021. Developmental potential and clinical outcomes of 0PN, 1PN, and 2PN embryos were analyzed. A total of 290 0PN-, 92 1PN-, and 1906 2PN-derived single frozen–thawed blastocyst transfers were performed. Chromosome euploid rates of 0PN-, 1PN-, and 2PN-derived blastocysts were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Euploid 0PN- and 1PN-derived blastocysts underwent subsequent Infinium Asian Screening Array gene chip analysis to detect ploidy alterations.

Results
Available blastocyst rates of 0PN and 1PN embryos were significantly lower than those of 2PN embryos in both IVF and ICSI cycles. Single 0PN and 1PN blastocysts transferred in frozen–thawed cycles resulted in a similar clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, live birth rate, and neonatal outcome to 2PN blastocysts in IVF and ICSI cycles. Genetic analysis showed that euploid rates of 0PN- and 1PN-derived blastocysts used for ICSI cycles were similar to that of 2PN-derived blastocysts.

Conclusion
Our study indicated that 0PN- and 1PN-derived blastocysts resulted in similar clinical outcomes to 2PN-derived blastocysts. The 0PN- and 1PN-derived blastocysts from ICSI cycles can be transferred as well as those from IVF cycles when the number of 2PN-derived blastocysts is insufficient.
Development of a highly purified tick-borne encephalitis vaccine
Authors: Heinz Franz X. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryBefore the advent of a vaccine, infections with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus in Austria led to the hospitalization of several hundred and, due to underreporting, possibly more than thousand patients with severe neurological disease every year. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, this country had the highest recorded morbidity of TBE in Europe, but similar endemic risk areas exist in many other European countries as well as Central and Eastern Asia. In this article, I describe my personal recollections of the development of a highly purified TBE vaccine in the late 1970s, to which I contributed as a young post-doctoral scientist mentored by Christian Kunz (then director of the Institute of Virology at the Medical Faculty, University of Vienna) in a collaboration with the Austrian biopharmaceutical company Immuno. Low reactogenicity of the newly developed vaccine was a prerequisite for mass vaccination campaigns in Austria that started in the early 1980s. Because of its excellent immunogenicity, broad application of the highly purified vaccine paved the way for a dramatic reduction of the incidence of TBE in Austria, which is outstanding in Europe and referred to as an Austrian success story of immunoprophylaxis.
Opportunities to improve quality of care for cancer survivors in primary care: findings from the BETTER WISE study
Authors: Lofters Aisha , Khalil Ielaf , Sopcak Nicolette , Shea-Budgell Melissa , Meaney Christopher , Fernandes Carolina , Moineddin Rahim , Campbell-Scherer Denise , Aubrey-Bassler Kris , Manca Donna Patricia , Grunfeld Eva 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The BETTER WISE (Building on Existing Tools to Improve Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care for Wellness of Cancer Survivors and Patients) intervention is an evidence-based approach to prevention and screening for cancers and chronic diseases in primary care that also includes comprehensive follow-up for breast, prostate and colorectal cancer survivors. We describe the process of harmonizing cancer survivorship guidelines to create a BETTER WISE cancer surveillance algorithm and describe both the quantitative and qualitative findings for BETTER WISE participants who were breast, prostate or colorectal cancer survivors. We describe the results in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We reviewed high-quality survivorship guidelines to create a cancer surveillance algorithm. We conducted a cluster randomized trial in three Canadian provinces with two composite index outcome measured 12 months after baseline, and also collected qualitative feedback on the intervention.

Results
There were 80 cancer survivors for whom we had baseline and follow-up data. Differences between the composite indices in the two study arms were not statistically significant, although a post hoc analysis suggested the COVID-19 pandemic was a key factor in these results. Qualitative finding suggested that participants and stakeholders generally viewed BETTER WISE positively and emphasized the effects of the pandemic.

Conclusions and implications for cancer survivors
BETTER WISE shows promise for providing an evidence-based, patient-centred, comprehensive approach to prevention, screening and cancer surveillance for cancer survivors in the primary care setting.

Trial registration
ISRCTN21333761. Registered on December 19, 2016, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN21333761.
Experimental verification of high-performance polymer gears in an electric vehicle powertrain
Authors: Reitschuster S. , Tobie T. , Stahl K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGears made of polymers increasingly gain relevance in current research and industrial practice. Due to their advantages such as low density and the possibility of cost-efficient production in large quantities, more and more efforts are made to substitute steel gears with polymer wherever possible. However, the usage of polymer gears in current vehicle systems is still almost exclusively limited to applications with restricted power transmission, like actuators. To extend the field of application to power transmissions as well, in this study a transmission was developed for the usage in a small electric vehicle of the 7Le power class considering the application of polymer gears. Compared to the serial transmission, one of the gear stages was completely substituted with polymer gears. The load-carrying capacity of the newly designed hybrid polymer-steel transmission was investigated for functional verification on a specially developed test rig as well as inside a modified demonstrator vehicle under real-life conditions. Assuming usual operating conditions, the load-carrying capacity of the polymer gears appears suitable for the aimed application on the test rig as well as inside the demonstrator vehicle. Moreover, with increased power and under continuous sustained loading, high performance of the polymer stage as well as a stable temperature behavior can be observed. Under the given circumstances, polymer gears can be used as part of a powertrain in small electric vehicles.
Tricin-enriched Zizania latifolia ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through AMPK-dependent pathways
Authors: Chang Bo Yoon , Bae Jin Hye , Lim Cho Young , Kim Yoon Hee , Kim Tae Young , Kim Sung Yeon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to identify and elucidate the mechanism underlying the protective effect of tricin-enriched Zizania latifolia (Z. latifolia) extract (ETZL) against free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipid accumulation in vitro and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet and fructose diet (HFD/F) in vivo. ETZL treatment significantly lowered body weight gain and decreased adipose tissue, lipid, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in HFD/F-fed mice. ETZL acted on phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and anti-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1 (SREBP)/fatty acid synthase (FAS) signaling to inhibit de novo adipogenesis and increase fatty acid oxidation. In addition, treatment with ETZL increased nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels to activate the antioxidant pathway. FFA-induced oxidative stress and fatty acid accumulation in HepG2 cells confirmed the improvement in fat accumulation through the AMPK and Nrf2 pathway activities of ETZL. These results suggest that ETZL ameliorates NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism and defending against oxidative stress via AMPK-dependent pathways.
Prevalence of Borrelia, Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Babesia in ticks collected from vegetation in eastern Poland
Authors: Sawczyn-Domańska Anna , Zwoliński Jacek , Kloc Anna , Wójcik-Fatla Angelina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Poland, tick-borne diseases constitute the majority of diseases related to exposure to biological agents with a predominance of Lyme borreliosis; therefore, research on ticks as a reservoir of various pathogens remains crucial in the epidemiology of human diseases after tick bites. This study aimed to identify the occurrence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Borrelia miyamotoi, Neoehrlichia mikurensis, and Babesia spp. in ticks collected from vegetation in eastern Poland. Additionally, the prevalence of co-infections in the adult Ixodes ricinus ticks was determined. Among I. ricinus ticks the predominantly detected pathogen was B. burgdorferi s.l. (23%) with B. burgdorferi sensu stricto as the most frequently identified species, followed by B. garinii. In 2013, the double or triple infections of B. burgdorferi s.s., B. afzelii, and B. garinii species did not exceed 9% in adult ticks, whereas in 2016, the prevalence of mixed infections reached 29%. The prevalence of N. mikurensis and B. miyamotoi in I. ricinus was determined at the same level of 2.8%. Four Babesia species were identified in the examined I. ricinus population: B. microti (1.5%), B. venatorum (1.2%), B. divergens (0.2%), and B. capreoli (0.1%). Co-infections were detected in 10.1% of all infected ticks with the highest prevalence of co-infections with B. burgdorferi s.l. and Babesia species. The changes in the prevalence and the distribution of particular pathogens within tick populations indicate the need for monitoring the current situation related to tick-borne pathogens from the aspect of risk to human health.
Twin deficits through the looking glass: time-varying analysis in the Euro area
Authors: Afonso António , Coelho José Carlos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing two measures of the fiscal position, the cyclically adjusted primary budget balance (CAPB) and the total budget balance, we assess the Twin Deficit Hypothesis for the Euro Area in the period 1995–2020. Furthermore, we estimate time-varying coefficients of the current account balance responses to changes in the CAPB and in the government balance and we identify the determinants of these responses. The CAPB and the government balance, in addition to being determinants of the current account balance, are also determinants of the time-varying responses of the current account balance. The government balance, current account balance and public debt, and the temporal period also influence these responses.
TNFα-Induced Altered miRNA Expression Links to NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Endometriosis
Authors: Banerjee Saswati , Xu Wei , Doctor Aaron , Driss Adel , Nezhat Ceana , Sidell Neil , Taylor Robert N. , Thompson Winston E. , Chowdhury Indrajit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEndometriosis is a common gynecological inflammatory disorder characterized by immune system dysregulation, which is involved in lesion initiation and progression. Studies have demonstrated that several cytokines are associated with the evolution of endometriosis, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). TNFα is a non-glycosylated cytokine protein with potent inflammatory, cytotoxic, and angiogenic potential. In the current study, we examined the ability of TNFα to induce dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) linked to NFkB signaling pathways, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Using RT-qPCR, the expression of several miRNAs was quantified in primary cells derived from eutopic endometrium of endometriosis subjects (EESC) and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC), and also TNFα-treated NESCs. The phosphorylation of the pro-inflammatory molecule NF-κB and the candidates of the survival pathways PI3K, AKT, and ERK was measured by western blot analysis. The elevated secretion of TNFα in EESCs downregulates the expression level of several miRNAs significantly in EESCs compared to NESCs. Also, treatment of NESCs with exogenous TNFα significantly reduced the expression of miRNAs in a dose-dependent manner to levels similar to EESCs. In addition, TNFα significantly increased the phosphorylation of the PI3K, AKT, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, treatment with curcumin (CUR, diferuloylmethane), an anti-inflammatory polyphenol, significantly increased the expression of dysregulated miRNAs in EESC in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that TNFα is upregulated in EESCs, which subsequently dysregulates the expression of miRNAs, contributing to the pathophysiology of endometriotic cells. CUR effectively inhibits the expression of TNFα, subsequently altering miRNA levels and suppressing the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and NF-κB.
Vaccination with Toxoplasma lysate antigen or its encapsulated niosomes form immunomodulates adjuvant-induced arthritis through JAK3 downregulation
Authors: Hassouna Sally S. , Allam Eman A. , Sheta Eman , Khodear Gehan A. M. , Khedr Marwa I. , Khedr Safaa I. , Gomaa Maha M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory autoimmune arthritis like that present in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is treated by medications with many side effects. This study was a trial to benefit from Toxoplasma immune-modulatory effects on its host to treat arthritis in rat model resembling joints affection of RA. To avoid hazards of infection, Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA) was given instead of the whole infection, in addition to giving its encapsulated niosomes form, assuming that it would enhance the effect of TLA alone, to compare effects of both on disease activity with that of prednisolone.

Methods
Swiss albino rats were divided into 6 groups: normal control group and the remaining 5 groups were injected by CFA adjuvant to induce arthritis; one of those groups was the untreated model. Each of the other groups received one of the following (TLA, TLA-encapsulated niosomes, prednisolone or niosomes) for comparison of their results. Inflammatory markers measured at the end of the experiment were: interleukin 17 (IL-17), IL-10 and CRP by ELISA technique; histopathological assessment of the biopsied hind paw joints was done and also, Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Results
TLA and TLA-encapsulated niosomes both mitigated the signs of clinical and histopathological arthritis and were having anti-inflammatory effects (decreased CRP, IL-17 and JAK3 expressions, while increased IL-10 levels) with better effects in TLA-encapsulated niosomes-treated RA group, both groups’ results were comparable to prednisolone. Niosomes also gave some anti-inflammatory effects but were mild in comparison to TLA and TLA-encapsulated niosomes.

Conclusion
Vaccination with both TLA and TLA-encapsulated niosomes for the first time in adjuvant-induced arthritis ameliorated the disease through diversion of immune system and JAK3 downregulation. Both vaccinations should be further tested to evaluate the possibility of their introduction for disease treatment and in other autoimmune diseases.
Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun CoMnSi(B) Alloys
Authors: Suarez Rafael G. , Miranda Aida , Sánchez-Llamazares J. L. , Betancourt I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMnCoSi and MnCoSiB0.5 alloys were obtained by melt-spinning technique in order to attain polycrystalline microstructures with average grain sizes well below 10 microns. Phase distribution studied by X-ray analysis indicated single-phase materials with orthorhombic structure and TiNiSi-type crystal symmetry. Chemical homogeneity was verified by means of scanning electron microscopy, whereas magnetic behavior corresponded to soft magnetic materials with coercivity values lower than 20 Oe and saturation magnetization of 80 emu/g. Magnetocaloric response of these MnCoSiB alloys was characterized by a maximum magnetic entropy change of 1.0 J/kg K (for a magnetic field variation of 2.0 Tesla) and attractive refrigerant capacity over 100 J/kg, which represents a significant enhancement respect to equivalent MnCoGe alloys.
Cylindroma of the breast with CYLD gene mutation: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Escher-Michlig Vanessa , Vlajnic Tatjana , Roma Luca , Marinucci Mattia , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Matter Matthias , Haug Martin , Weber Walter P. , Muenst Simone 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cylindroma of the breast is a rare benign neoplasm. Since its first description in 2001, 20 cases have been reported in the literature.

Methods and results
We report another case of this rare tumor in a 60-year-old woman with demonstration of the underlying molecular alteration. Histologically, the tumor showed the typical “jigsaw” pattern of a dual population of cells with a triple-negative phenotype. The pathognomonic mutation of the CYLD gene mutation was detected by whole exome sequencing. Cylindromas show morphological overlap with the solid-basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma, which renders this differential diagnosis difficult. However, distinction of these two lesions is of outmost importance, since cylindromas, in contrast to solid-basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma, behave in an entirely benign fashion.

Conclusions
Careful evaluation of morphological features such as mitotic figures and cellular atypia is crucial in the diagnostic work-up of triple-negative breast lesions. It is important to keep cylindroma in mind as a pitfall and possible differential diagnosis for the solid-basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Molecular detection of CYLD gene mutation is helpful in cases with ambiguous histology. With this case report, we aim to contribute to a better understanding of mammary cylindroma and facilitate the diagnosis of this rare entity.