bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adrenal SGLT1 or SGLT2 as predictors of atherosclerosis under chronic stress based on a computer algorithm
Authors: Li Jianyi , Meng Lingbing , Wu Dishan , Xu Hongxuan , Hu Xing , Hu Gaifeng , Chen Yuhui , Xu Jiapei , Gong Tao , Liu Deping 
Published: August 2023

Background
Chronic stress promotes the development of atherosclerosis, causing disruptions in the body’s hormone levels and changes in the structural function of organs.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathological changes in the adrenal gland in a model of atherosclerosis under chronic stress and to verify the expression levels of Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 1 and SGLT2 in the adrenal gland and their significance in the changes of adrenal gland.

Methods
The model mice were constructed by chronic unpredictable stress, high-fat diet, and Apoe-/- knockout, and they were tested behaviorally at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The state of the abdominal artery was examined by ultrasound, and the pathological changes of the aorta and adrenal glands were observed by histological methods, and the expression levels and distribution of SGLT1 and SGLT2 in the adrenal gland were observed and analyzed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The predictive value of SGLT1 and SGLT2 expression levels on intima-media thickness, internal diameter and adrenal abnormalities were verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, support vector machine (SVM) and back-propagation (BP) neural network.

Results
The results showed that chronic stress mice had elevated expression levels of SGLT1 and SGLT2. The model mice developed thickening intima-media and smaller internal diameter in the aorta, and edema, reticular fiber rupture, increased adrenal glycogen content in the adrenal glands. More importantly, analysis of ROC, SVM and BP showed that SGLT1 and SGLT2 expression levels in the adrenal glands could predict the above changes in the aorta and were also sensitive and specific predictors of adrenal abnormalities.

Conclusion
SGLT1 and SGLT2 could be potential biomarkers of adrenal injury in atherosclerosis under chronic stress.
Development and validation of a nomogram for assessment postoperative sodium disturbance in PAs patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Wenpeng , Tang Dongfang , Wang Qiwei , Li Shiwei , Zhao Wenbo , You Lili 
Published: August 2023

Background
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are neuroendocrine tumors located in the sellar region. Surgery, being the primary treatment option for most PAs, is known to cause disruptions in sodium metabolism.

Objective
To develop and validate a nomogram for assessment the incidence of postoperative sodium disturbance (SD) in patients with PAs.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 208 patients with PAs who underwent resection surgery between 2013 and 2020 were included. Various demographic characteristics, clinical features and laboratory data were analyzed as potential predictors of postoperative sodium disturbance (SD). LASSO regression were used to identify independent preoperative variables associated with SD. Logistic regression was employed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A nomogram was constructed to visualize these results and evaluated using metrics such as the area under the curve (AUC) for discrimination, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test for calibration and decision curve for usefulness assessment.

Results
The incidence of SD was 44.23% (92 cases out of 208). Six preoperative factors, including sex, types of PAs, phosphocreatine kinase (CK), serum iron (Fe), free fatty acids (NEFA) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV), were identified for constructing a predictive nomogram. The nomogram showed high accuracy, with AUC values of 0.851 (95% CI [0.799–0.923]) and 0.771 (95% CI [0.681–0.861]) in the training and validation datasets, respectively. Calibration assessment and decision curve analysis confirmed its good agreement and clinical utility.

Conclusion
A practical and effective nomogram for predicting SD after PAs surgery is presented in this study.
Ação coletiva e políticas públicas: análise de uma associação de agricultores familiares feirantes em Abaetetuba, Pará
Authors: Pimentel Walbert Cardoso , Tavares Francinei Bentes , Claudino Livio Sérgio Dias 
Published: August 2023

Esta pesquisa analisou o processo de constituição da Associação dos Feirantes da Feira dos Agricultores Familiares de Abaetetuba no município de Abaetetuba - Pará. Para se entender o processo desde sua concepção foi realizada pesquisa documental no projeto piloto da Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Estado do Pará, bem como dos ofícios encaminhados pela empresa pra a implantação do shopping do Agricultor familiar. Já para nortear o processo de constituição da associação a partir dos agricultores foram realizadas pesquisas documentais pertencentes a AFAFA como: estatuto, ofícios, regimento da Associação, termos de sessão do espaço e notas fiscais de entregas de produtos ao mercado institucionais. Foram também realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas com desdobramentos sobre o processo de constituição desses movimentos sociais. Foram realizadas também analises qualitativa e quantitativa dos editais e chamadas públicas disponíveis no site prefeitura municipal de Abaetetuba para obtenção de dados relativos aos programas institucionais do ano de 2018 a 2023. Como principais resultados, detectamos a relevância da associação em representar o grupo nas arenas de decisões sobre a implementação de políticas públicas em especifico ao mercado institucional disponível para agricultura familiar local.
Genetic Variability and Character Association for Yield and Related Attributes in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.): Experimental Investigation
Authors: Kumar Kunigiri Manoj , Lal Gaibriyal M. , Krishna Podeti Vamshi 
Published: August 2023

The present study was designed to assess the extent of variability, genetic advance, heritability and correlation of different traits of 20 groundnut genotypes using randomized block design with three replications. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each treatment and replication for 15 different quantitative traits. Based on the mean performance, high pod yield per plant were identified for the genotype SC-28, VG-17 (CHECK). High estimates of GCV and PCV were recorded for number of branches per plant followed by days to germination, number of pegs per plant, plant height. Genetic parameters revealed that high heritability and genetic advance as % mean values were recorded for number of pegs per plant followed by plant height, biological yield per plant and 100 kernel weight. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that pod yield per plant exhibited positive and significant association with number of branches and days to germination at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analysis revealed that characters viz.. harvest index, biological yield per plant, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, kernel yield per plant excetred positive direct effect on pod yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic levels.
Evaluation of Different Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) Accessions for High Rhizome Yield with Good Quality and Starch Content
Authors: Priya Nidhi , Thangamani C. , Kumar J. Suresh , Kumar P. Suresh , Savitha B. K. , Geetha P. , Amuthaselvi G. , Pugalendhi L. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L) is an underutilized tuber crop belonging to the family marantaceae. This study mainly aims to evaluate different arrowroot accessions for quality starch and best yield.
Study of Design: The field experiment was conducted in randomized block design with total ten accessions and three replications.
Place and Duration of Research: The present investigation was undertaken at the College Orchard, Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College & Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore during the year 2022-2023.
Methodology: In this study, ten arrowroot accessions viz.,TAr18-01, TAr18-02,TAr18-04,TAr18-05,TAr18-10, TAr18-11, TAr18-12, TAr18-13, TAr18-14 and Local were evaluated for their growth, yield and quality parameters.
Results: The statistical results revealed that all the accessions significantly differ from each other. Results obtained as maximum height in the accession TAr18-14(132.01cm), maximum number of leaves in TAr18-10 (109.33), number of tillers in TAr18-14 (8.45) and biggest rhizome weight in TAr18-14(198.81g) respectively. The yield traits like rhizome length (25.49 cm), diameter (9.46cm) and number of rhizome per plant (30.00), rhizome yield per plant (1.49kg) were maximum in TAr18-10. The quality parameters viz., dry matter (%) was highest for TAr18-10(56.76%),TSS in TAr18-12 (27.83%), ash contents in TAr18-10 (3.88%). These parameters mainly decide the quality and nutritive value of Arrowroot. There is a significant variation in the quality parameters like starch, TSS, dry matter, protein, crude fiber. Among various accessions TAr18-04 recorded the highest starch (54.62%) and TAr18-14recorded highest protein content (6.194%). Amylose content (21.88%) was maximum in TAr18-01.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the following study that TAr18-10 recorded highest rhizome yield, dry matter content with quality starch and can be selected for further evaluation and exploitation in industrial applications.
Impact of Varying doses of Biochar and INM Practices on Agro Physiological Performance, Yield and Economics of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Verma Saurabh Kumar , Kumar Suresh , Kanauajia Saurabh , Shukla Shwetank , Arya Ritik , Verma Ravi 
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of graded doses of biochar and fertility levels with and without biofertilizer under partially reclaimed Sodic Soils on the maize crop during Kharif, 2021 and 2022 at Students Instructional Farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj Ayodhya. The eight treatments viz. T1: Control, T2: 100% (RDF 100:60:40; N P2O5, K2O), T3: 50% RDF + 2.5 t ha-1 biochar, T4: 50% RDF + 2.5 t ha-1 biochar + ZMB Biofertilizer, T5: 50% RDF + 2.5 t ha-1 biochar + ZMB Biofertilizer + Zn, T6: 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 biochar, T7: 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 biochar + ZMB Biofertilizer, T8: 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 biochar + ZMB Biofertilizer + Zn were setup in a Randomized Block Design with replicated thrice. The Kanchan variety (K-25) was taken as a test crop. Significantly, maximum relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and yield were recorded with 100% RDF + 5 t ha-1 biochar + ZMB biofertilizer + Zn gave the best results. The highest gross return (₹12674) and net return (₹67162) was obtained with 100 % RDF + 5 t ha-1 biochar + ZMB biofertilizer + Zn (T8).
Evaluation of Suitable Smart Irrigation System for Black Gram
Authors: Karimullah M. , Raju M. , Sivamurugan A. P. , Sivakumar R. , Selvakumar S. 
Published: August 2023

A field experimental study was conducted during summer season (2023) at Eastern farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to evaluate suitable irrigation method for black gram. The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design which comprise main plot treatments such as M1 – Drip Irrigation, M2 –Micro sprinkler Irrigation, M3 – Rain hose Irrigation and M4 – Conventional Irrigation and subplot consists of different depths for placement of soil moisture sensor viz., D1 – 5 cm , D2 – 10 cm and D3 – 15 cm. The growth attributes viz., plant height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant were significantly higher in drip irrigation system with sensor depth of 15cm. The root length and root dry weight were significantly greater in Rain hose irrigation with sensor placed at depth of 15 cm. The yield attributes viz., number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, pod weight per plant, pod length, test weight, grain yield and haulm yield were significantly higher in drip irrigation with sensor placed at depth of 15 cm. The average grain yield of drip irrigation method is 31.7 per cent higher than the grain yield of conventional irrigation method. Higher grain yield of 1159 kg ha -1 was obtained in drip system with sensor placed at the depth of 15 cm.
Ki-67, 21-Gene Recurrence Score, Endocrine Resistance, and Survival in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Janghee , Lee Young-jin , Bae Soong June , Baek Seung Ho , Kook Yoowon , Cha Yoon Jin , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho , Ahn Sei Hyun , Lee Hee Jin , Gong Gyungyub , Jeong Joon , Lee Sae Byul , Ahn Sung Gwe 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceBoth high 21-gene recurrence score (RS) and high Ki-67 level are poor prognostic factors in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)–positive ERBB2-negative (ER+/ERBB−) breast cancer; however, a discrepancy between the 2 has been noted. Survival differences according to these 2 biomarkers are not well known.ObjectiveTo assess the associations between RS and Ki-67 expression and between Ki-67 expression and recurrence-free survival in patients with ER+/ERBB− breast cancer with low RS.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included women treated for ER+/ERBB2− breast cancer who underwent the 21-gene RS test from March 2010 to December 2020 in 2 hospitals in Korea.ExposuresRecurrence score and Ki-67 level.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the association of Ki-67 with recurrence-free survival (RFS), while a binary logistic regression model was used to examine the association between Ki-67 and secondary endocrine resistance. High Ki-67 expression was defined as 20% or greater, and low genomic risk as an RS of 25 or less. Secondary endocrine resistance was defined as breast cancer recurrence that occurred after at least 2 years of endocrine therapy and during or within the first year after completing 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy.ResultsA total of 2295 female patients were included (mean [SD] age, 49.8 [9.3] years), of whom 1948 (84.9%) were in the low genomic risk group and 1425 (62.1%) had low Ki-67 level. The median follow-up period was 40 months (range, 0-140 months). The RS and Ki-67 level had a moderate correlation (R = 0.455; P &amp;lt; .001). Of the patients with low Ki-67 level, 1341 (94.1%) had low RS, whereas 607 of 870 patients with high Ki-67 level (69.8%) had low RS. In patients with low RS, the RFS differed significantly according to Ki-67 level (low Ki-67, 98.5% vs high Ki-67, 96.5%; P = .002). Among the 1807 patients with low genomic risk who did not receive chemotherapy, high Ki-67 level was independently associated with recurrence (hazard ratio, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.27-4.96; P = .008). Recurrence after 3 years differed significantly according to Ki-67 level (low Ki-67, 98.7% vs high Ki-67, 95.7%; P = .003), whereas recurrence within 3 years did not differ (low Ki-67, 99.3% vs high Ki-67, 99.3%; P = .90). In addition, Ki-67 was associated with secondary endocrine resistance in patients with low RS who did not receive chemotherapy (odds ratio, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.13-5.50; P = .02).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with ER+/ERBB2− breast cancer, a moderate correlation was observed between Ki-67 and RS, and high Ki-67 level in patients with low genomic risk was associated with increased risk of secondary endocrine resistance.
Trends in Gestational Weight Gain in Louisiana, March 2019 to March 2022
Authors: Harville Emily W. , Kracht Chelsea L. , Cohen Nicole L. , Sutton Elizabeth F. , Kebbe Maryam , Redman Leanne M. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceAverage gestational weight gain (GWG) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but it is not known whether this trend has continued.ObjectiveTo examine patterns of GWG during the COVID-19 pandemic by delivery and conception timing through the second year of the pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study is a retrospective review of birth certificate and delivery records from 2019 to 2022. Electronic health records were from the largest delivery hospital in Louisiana. Participants included all individuals giving birth from March 2019 to March 2022. Data analysis was performed from October 2022 to July 2023.ExposureDelivery date (cross-sectionally) and conception before the pandemic (March 2019 to March 2020) and during the peak pandemic (March 2020 to March 2021) and late pandemic (March 2021 to March 2022).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was GWG (total GWG and adherence to the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations) analyzed using linear and log-linear regression with control for covariates.ResultsAmong 23 012 total deliveries (8763 Black individuals [38.1%]; 11 774 White individuals [51.2%]; mean [SD] maternal age, 28.9 [5.6] years), 3182 individuals (42.0%) exceeded the recommended weight gain in the year proceeding the pandemic, 3400 (45.4%) exceeded recommendations during the peak pandemic, and 3273 (44.0%) exceeded recommendations in the late pandemic. Compared with those who delivered before the pandemic (reference), participants had higher total GWG if they delivered peak or late pandemic (adjusted β [SE], 0.38 [0.12] kg vs 0.19 [0.12] kg; P = .007). When cohorts were defined by conception date, participants who conceived before the pandemic but delivered after the pandemic started had higher GWG compared with those whose entire pregnancy occurred before the pandemic (adjusted β [SE], 0.51 [0.16] kg). GWG was lower in the pregnancies conceived after the pandemic started and the late pandemic (adjusted β [SE], 0.29 [0.12] kg vs 0.003 [0.14] kg; P = .003) but these participants began pregnancy at a slightly higher weight. Examining mean GWG month by month suggested a small decrease for March 2020, followed by increased mean GWG for the following year. Individuals with 2 pregnancies (1289 individuals) were less likely to gain weight above the recommended guidelines compared with their prepandemic pregnancy, but this association was attenuated after adjustment.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort, individuals with critical time points of their pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic gained more weight compared with the previous year. The increased GWG leveled off as the pandemic progressed but individuals were slightly heavier beginning pregnancy.
Polarized Water Enabled Vertical Dynamic Diode Generator to Output Direct Current
Authors: Yu Xutao , Zhong Huikai , Lu Yanghua , Liu Chang , Chen Yihan , Yang Renyu , Wang Can , Lin Shisheng 
Published: August 2023

Harvesting various mechanical energy from the daily environment has been proposed as a promising way to power electronic devices in the era of Internet of Things. However, most of existing generators are troubled by complex surface structures to achieve higher power output because of the limitations by interfacial effects and unable to achieve direct current (DC) output in the vertical direction. Herein, by introducing the polarized water molecules at the solid contact interface, a vertical structure dynamic diode DC generator is proposed. In the process of polarization and depolarization, water molecules induce, accumulate and rebound charges at the interfaces, and form a voltage output up to 1.7 V based on a solid‐liquid‐solid structure. Furthermore, through integrating series of water molecular generators, a voltage of 4.5 V can be achieved and effectively power commercial LED. This generator has been proven to harvest mechanical energy in the vertical direction to output DC power and excellent potential for applications in distributed energy supply.
Experimental investigation of heat generation during the mixing of granular materials using an overhead stirrer
Authors: Kisuka Francisco , Rangel Rafael L. , Hare Colin , Vivacqua Vincenzino , Wu Chuan‐Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBladed mixers are commonly used for processing granular materials, requiring significant mechanical energy for optimal blending. During this process, heat is generated due to dissipated mechanical energy within the granular medium. However, our understanding of heat generation mechanisms without external thermal loads is limited. This article investigates heat generation by monitoring temperature changes in granular beds mixed using an overhead stirrer. First‐order kinetic equations are employed to extrapolate experimental data to a thermal equilibrium where heat generation and loss rates are balanced. Lead, steel, and glass particles are utilized under different operating conditions. Notably, metallic particles exhibit faster heating due to their lower heat capacity. Increasing rotation speed, fill ratio, and particle size result in greater temperature rises. Additionally, flat blades generate more heat compared to tilted blades. Through dimensional analysis, the experimental data are collapsed into linear curves that correlate system power consumption and granular bed temperature with operating conditions.
Integrated process design and control of divided‐wall distillation columns using molecular tracking
Authors: Ramírez‐Márquez César , Sánchez‐Ramírez Eduardo , Nazemzadeh Nima , Bisgaard Thomas , Segovia‐Hernández Juan Gabriel , Abildskov Jens , Mansouri Seyed Soheil 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work explores the dynamic and control behavior of dividing wall distillation columns from two different steady‐state design approaches (molecular tracking and optimization method) for three different mixtures. The controllability of the six design cases was evaluated using singular value decomposition and the closed‐loop performance was evaluated using integral absolute error in Aspen Dynamics. The results demonstrate that the side‐draw location obtained by molecular tracking (MT) provides optimal controllability. As a result, there is a slight advantage in control properties while obtaining designs by reducing the time to find the optimal solution through the MT method.
Preece–Baines 1 model validation for cross‐sectional data in male soccer players according to maturity status
Authors: Flores Olivares Luis Alberto , Fragoso Maria Isabel Caldas Januário 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to compare the Preece–Baines 1 (PB1) model fit between longitudinal and cross‐sectional data in male soccer players and to adjust the height growth curve by maturity status.MethodsA final sample of 57 male Portuguese soccer players from professional soccer academies was included. Longitudinal height records were measured between 8 and 17 times in each subject from 2–8 years to 14–17 years. Additionally, longitudinal height records were used as cross‐sectional data along with 1087 cross‐sectional height records taken from 602 Portuguese soccer players. Skeletal age was estimated by Tanner‐Whitehouse III method from a left hand–wrist radiograph. Age at peak height velocity (PHV) was estimated by PB1 model for longitudinal and cross‐sectional data and by maturity status.ResultsNo significant differences were found between all the longitudinal estimates of 57 players and the random cross‐sectional samples for, S1 parameter and for growth velocity at PHV, at TO, and for age at PHV. The age at PHV in early, on‐time, and late maturers were 12.26, 12.9, and 13.58 years, respectively.ConclusionPB1 adjusted the height growth of Portuguese male soccer players from cross‐sectional data, obtaining an estimate PHV very similar to that found from longitudinal data. A maturity time difference of ≈0.6 years was found between the age at PHV of on‐time, early, and on‐time and late maturity state.