bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RADAR – Radiomics on aSDH: predicting outcome with surface area
Authors: Richter Antonia , Wach Johannes , Basaran Alim , Kasper Johannes , Wilhelmy Florian , Wende Tim , Arlt Felix , Güresir Ági , Güresir Erdem , Vychopen Martin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Acute subdural hematoma is a critical condition, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in surgical techniques, a portion of patients only show limited clinical improvement post-evacuation. Surgical intervention decisions are critically important, as they can either improve or worsen a patient’s condition. Radiomics offers significant potential by extracting complex patterns from digital medical images and transforming them into high-dimensional data that reflect the underlying pathophysiology. By integrating Radiomics with individual patient characteristics, we can develop decision support models. This study aims to analyze radiomic parameters of aSDH to determine whether they support the decision to proceed with urgent surgery or opt for a conservative approach. We hypothesized that surface area could be a significant predictor of neurological outcome such as maintaining independent mobility (mRS ≥ 3) and survival rates.

Methods
This retrospective study involved radiomic analysis according to neurological outcome and survival. Radiomic parameters were measured using 3D Slicer software. Statistical analyses explored correlations, employing AUC-analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival.

Results
Our findings revealed significant correlations between hematoma and surface area with poorer neurological prognosis. Further subgroup analysis showed surface area as a significant predictor for poorer outcomes in patients undergoing craniotomy (p = 0.006 in univariant- and p = 0.020 in multivariant analysis). In the total cohort, among conservatively managed and craniotomy subgroups, survival analysis highlighted an advantageous survival for patients exhibiting smaller surface areas (< 339.50 cm2).

Conclusions
Especially in craniotomy patients, surface area emerged as a possible predictor for neurological outcome and survival.
Social Entrepreneurship: A Well-Being Based Approach
Authors: Kummitha Rama Krishna Reddy , Honig Benson , Urbano David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We systematically review social entrepreneurship literature to analyse how the notion of well-being is perceived. We found that well-being in social entrepreneurship is accounted for in two forms: self-oriented and other-oriented. Our review indicates that both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being have received significant research attention, although the latter has gained more prominence. We found that negative well-being resulting from social entrepreneurial interventions is a matter of concern. Apart from critically synthesizing the literature, this paper offers a number of avenues for future research connecting well-being and social entrepreneurship.
Come for syntax, stay for speed, write secure code: an empirical study of security weaknesses in Julia programs
Authors: Zhang Yue , Murphy Justin , Rahman Akond 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Practitioners prefer to achieve performance without sacrificing productivity when developing scientific software. The Julia programming language is designed to develop performant computer programs without sacrificing productivity by providing a syntax that is scripting in nature. According to the Julia programming language website, the common projects are data science, machine learning, scientific domains, and parallel computing. While Julia has yielded benefits with respect to productivity, programs written in Julia can include security weaknesses, which can hamper the security of Julia-based scientific software. A systematic derivation of security weaknesses can facilitate secure development of Julia programs—an area that remains under-explored.

Objective
The goal of this paper is to help practitioners securely develop Julia programs by conducting an empirical study of security weaknesses found in Julia programs.

Method
We apply qualitative analysis on 4,592 Julia programs used in 126 open-source Julia projects to identify security weakness categories. Next, we construct a static analysis tool called Julia Static Analysis Tool (JSAT) that automatically identifies security weaknesses in Julia programs. We apply JSAT to automatically identify security weaknesses in 558 open-source Julia projects consisting of 25,008 Julia programs.

Results
We identify 7 security weakness categories, which include the usage of hard-coded password and unsafe invocation. From our empirical study we identify 23,839 security weaknesses. On average, we observe 24.9% Julia source code files to include at least one of the 7 security weakness categories.

Conclusion
Based on our research findings, we recommend rigorous inspection efforts during code reviews. We also recommend further development and application of security static analysis tools so that security weaknesses in Julia programs can be detected before execution.
Introduction to the SRL-S Rubric for Evaluation of Innovative Higher Educational Technology for Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Radović Slaviša , Seidel Niels 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The integration of advanced learning analytics and data-mining technology into higher education has brought various opportunities and challenges, particularly in enhancing students' self-regulated learning (SRL) skills. Analyzing developed features for SRL support, it has become evident that SRL support is not a binary concept but rather a continuum, ranging from limited to advanced levels of SRL support. This article introduces the rubric, designed to evaluate the degree of self-regulated learning support available within technology enhanced learning environments. Following rubric design best practices, we took a multifaceted methodological approach to ensure rubric validity and reliability: consulting Zimmerman's theoretical model, comparing technological features distilled from empirical studies that demonstrated significant effectiveness, consulting SRL experts, and iterative development and feedback. Across three phases of SRL the rubrics describe evaluation criteria and in detail define performance levels (Limited, Moderate and Advance). By employing the rubric, educators and researchers can 1) gain insights into the extent of implemented SRL approaches, 2) further develop SRL support of learning environments, and 3) better support students on their journey towards becoming self-regulated learners. Finally, the reliability analysis demonstrated a high degree of agreement among different raters evaluating the same course, indicating that the rubric is a reliable tool for obtaining relevant evaluations of SRL support in higher education. We conclude by discussing the significance of the rubric in promoting self-regulated learning within the current pedagogical and technological landscape.
The Extended Pulse Method for the Measurement of the Thermal Diffusivity of Solids
Authors: Wakeham William A. , Gaal Peter S. , Withrow Zachary D. , Gaal Daniela S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The paper presents a complete theory for a new method for the determination of the thermal diffusivity of a bulk solid in the form of a cylinder using a pulse of energy of finite duration delivered on one face and the subsequent temperature rise detected on a parallel face. It is an important feature of the method that the departure from equilibrium in the solid sample is small so that the temperature rise is no more than a few degrees Kelvin. The energy pulse may be of any temporal distribution and the detection of the temperature rise can be conducted at any point on the opposing face of the sample. The theory explicitly accounts for heat losses at all the surfaces of the sample and enables absolute measurement of the thermal diffusivity of the sample. A prototype instrument is described to realize this theory in which the heating pulse is generated by an array of light emitting diodes in a circular configuration which is then guided by a light pipe so that a uniform distribution is ensured across the flat face of the solid sample being tested. The instrument is designed for operation over the temperature range from ambient to 1300 K but, in the current proof of principle, measurements are conducted at room temperature on a sample of Pyroceram™ 9606.1 In this case, the detection is performed with a micro-thermocouple at the center of the sample. Several different rectangular heating pulse durations are employed to show that the theory provides an appropriate description of the experiment. The potential for future applications of the technique is demonstrated.
New Evidence on Price Effects of Transparency Regulations in European Fuel Markets
Authors: Bernhardt Lea , Breiderhoff Xenia , Dewenter Ralf 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper analyses the impact of transparency regulations on Super 95 and Diesel prices in Austria, France, and Germany to shed new light on the price effects of regulatory policies. To identify the effects of regulation, we use publicly available data from January 2005 to the end of December 2018 and estimate synthetic difference-in-difference models. In summary, our findings reveal notable differences. While prices in France did not change significantly, the results for Austria suggest that the price-reducing effect of the 2011 Price Fixing Act was offset by the transparency policy, ultimately leading to a price increase for Super 95 prices. In Germany, the Market Transparency Unit (MTU) has a price-reducing effect of two to three cents per litre, especially in the long term.
The use of the surgical pleth index to guide anaesthesia in gastroenterological surgery: a randomised controlled study
Authors: Bergman Tommi , Kalliomäki Maija-Liisa , Särkelä Mika , Harju Jarkko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The measurement of nociception and the optimisation of intraoperative antinociceptive medication could potentially improve the conduct of anaesthesia, especially in the older population. The Surgical Pleth Index (SPI) is one of the monitoring methods presently used for the detection of nociceptive stimulus. Eighty patients aged 50 years and older who were scheduled to undergo major abdominal surgery were randomised and divided into a study group and a control group. In the study group, the SPI was used to guide the administration of remifentanil during surgery. In the control group, the SPI value was concealed, and remifentanil administration was based on the clinical evaluation of the attending anaesthesiologist. The primary endpoint of this study was intraoperative remifentanil consumption. In addition, we compared the durations of intraoperative hypotension and hypertension. No difference in intraoperative remifentanil consumption (4.5 µg kg− 1h− 1 vs. 5.6 µg kg− 1h− 1, p = 0.14) was found. Furthermore, there was no difference in the proportion of hypotensive time (mean arterial pressure, MAP < 65) (3.7% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.40). However, in the subgroup of patients who underwent operation with invasive blood pressure monitoring, there was less severe hypotension (MAP < 55) (0.3% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.02) and intermediate hypotension (MAP < 65) (10.2% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.07) in the treatment group, even though remifentanil consumption was higher (3.5 µg kg− 1h− 1 vs. 5.1 µg kg− 1h− 1
p = 0.03). The use of SPI guidance for the administration of remifentanil during surgery did not help to reduce the remifentanil consumption. However, the results from invasively monitored study group suggest more timely administered opioid when SPI was used.
Sparse Wasserstein Barycenters and Application to Reduced Order Modeling
Authors: Do Minh-Hieu , Feydy Jean , Mula Olga 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We develop a general theoretical and algorithmic framework for sparse approximation and structured prediction in

$${\mathcal {P}}_2(\varOmega )$$

P
2

(
Ω
)

with Wasserstein barycenters. The barycenters are sparse in the sense that they are computed from an available dictionary of measures, but the approximations only involve a reduced number of atoms. We show that the best reconstruction from the class of sparse barycenters is characterized by a notion of best n-term barycenter which we introduce, and which can be understood as a natural extension of the classical concept of best n-term approximation in Banach spaces. We show that the best n-term barycenter is the minimizer of a highly non-convex, bi-level optimization problem, and we develop algorithmic strategies for practical numerical computation. We next leverage this approximation tool to build interpolation strategies that involve a reduced computational cost, and that can be used for structured prediction, and metamodeling of parametrized families of measures. We illustrate the potential of the method through the specific problem of Model Order Reduction (MOR) of parametrized PDEs. Since our approach is sparse, adaptive and preserves mass by construction, it has potential to overcome known bottlenecks of classical linear methods in hyperbolic conservation laws transporting discontinuities. It also paves the way towards MOR for measure-valued PDE problems such as gradient flows.
Sol-gel technologies for additive manufacturing glass materials
Authors: Murthi Monisha , Destino Joel F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The sol-gel method has shown immense potential in materials science and nanotechnology. One of the cornerstone applications of the sol-gel technique includes the fabrication of inorganic glasses and glass-ceramics at relatively low temperatures as an alternative to conventional high-temperature melt-quench techniques. In recent times, glass fabrication with the sol-gel method has extended to additive manufacturing (AM), also referred to as 3D printing. Current sol-gel, glass AM uses solution-based gel compositions to produce three-dimensional glasses through layer-by-layer deposition and/or using photocurable polymer resins. Owing to its significant advantages of being able to fabricate glass components with arbitrary and complex geometry, AM presents a tantalizing opportunity to fabricate functionalized glass materials, increasing the technique’s popularity over the past decade. In this review and perspective, recent progress in combining sol-gel synthesis and additive manufacturing technologies used for obtaining inorganic glasses are discussed, specifically highlighting the research carried out in North America, and a prospectus of the field and emerging areas of interest and need is presented.

Graphical Abstract
Potential of black soldier fly larvae frass (BSFL) as a novel fertilizer: impacts on tomato growth, nutrient uptake, and mycorrhizal formation
Authors: Salomon Matthias J. , Cavagnaro Timothy R. , Burton Rachel A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Aims
The growing rates of production of edible insects is leading to an increase in the availability of insect frass, comprising mostly the solid excretions of larvae and undigested substrate. Insect frass is considered a novel organic fertilizer, rich in nutrients and believed to further boost plant growth through its high content of substances like chitin. This study investigated the fertiliser potential of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) frass, its ecotoxicity, and its interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).

Methods
Two commercial BSFL frass products were analysed for plant nutrient concentration and effects on seed germination under laboratory conditions. In a greenhouse bioassay, using only one of the products, its impact on tomato biomass production and AMF colonisation was evaluated.

Results
Chemical analysis of the frass products revealed more macro-nutrients than typically found in composts with between 1.3% to 1.6% total phosphorus and 3.6% and 3.9% total nitrogen (N). 98% of the mineral N was in the form of ammonium. Total carbon was between 44 and 45% for both products. Micronutrient concentrations varied between the products, with iron reaching up to 1236 mg kg−1 or zinc up to 206 mg kg−1. Variability was also observed in seed germination inhibition, with one product demonstrating stronger inhibitory effects than the other. The greenhouse bioassay revealed issues around ammonia toxicity at higher application rates of 150 to 250 kg N ha−1 and an almost complete inhibition of arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonization between 100 and 250 kg N ha−1. Biomass production increased rapidly with higher frass application rates and plateaued between 150 and 250 kg N ha−1.

Conclusion
Insect frass shows significant potential as a nutrient-rich organic fertiliser, with some imbalances that, if improved, could further strengthen its efficiency as a fertiliser.
Enhancing yields and climate resilience through conservation agriculture: multi-year regional on-farm trials in Zambia
Authors: Phiri Mirriam , Martinsen Vegard , Simusokwe Gibson , Smebye Andreas Botnen , Obia Alfred , Shitumbanuma Victor , Selby Jeremy , Cornelissen Gerard , Makate Clifton , Mulder Jan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aims
Conservation agriculture (CA) has gained traction as a climate-smart management strategy to enhance food security and maintain soil quality. However, nearly all investigations are based on controlled experimental studies with few long-term on-farm trials. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of CA on maize yield and soil fertility at smallholder farms in Zambia (2016–2021).

Methods
About 100 on-farm trials were established. CA plots with maize (Zea mays L.) in annual rotation with soybean were compared pairwise with conventional plots, with maize monocropping, which were managed in accordance with local practices. Maize grain yield and soil pH, organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen were investigated.

Results
Maize grain yield was significantly higher in CA (+ 24% to + 39%) compared to conventional management, due to early sowing and more effective use of precipitation. However, after 5 years, there was no significant difference in soil fertility between CA and conventional agriculture.

Conclusion
CA provides a viable option for climate change adaptation due to increased yields and drought resilience. The higher yield under CA provides an opportunity to enhance food security. However, our results do not support that CA enhances soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and nitrogen after 5 years of maize-soybean rotation.
Balancing act or two roads to travel: Evaluating the trade-offs between digitalization and net zero innovation in SMEs
Authors: Kesidou Effie , Ri Anastasia , Roper Stephen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As firms face the dual challenges of digitalization and net zero innovation to combat climate change, understanding how these twin transitions relate is crucial. This study examines potential synergies or trade-offs between digital technologies and net zero innovations in UK SMEs. By integrating the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the Attention-Based View (ABV), we explore how categories of digital adopters relate to categories of net zero innovation adopters. Utilizing novel survey data for 964 UK SMEs, we employ ordered Probit estimation to examine the relationship between digital and net zero adoption. Our results reveal that digitally advanced SMEs are more likely to be advanced adopters of net zero innovations, suggesting that digital complementarities and enhanced capabilities can reinforce environmental innovations that reduce carbon emissions. We offer valuable contributions for both theory and practice, highlighting the importance of supporting SMEs in their twin transitions.
Concept-formation and deep disagreements in theoretical and practical reasoning
Authors: Wee Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the idea that deep disagreements essentially involve disputes about what counts as good reasoning, whether it is theoretical or practical reasoning. My central claim is that deep disagreements involve radically different paradigms of some principle or notion that is constitutively basic to reasoning—I refer to these as “basic concepts”. To defend this claim, I show how we can understand deep disagreements by accepting the indeterminacy of concept-formation: concepts are not set in stone but are responsive to human needs, and differences in individuating and ordering concepts lead to clashes in paradigms of reasoning. These clashes can be difficult to resolve because linguistic concepts, especially basic concepts, impose a normative structure onto thought to make reasoning possible at all. This, I also argue, is an authentically Wittgensteinian account of the nature of reasoning. While deep disagreements involving theoretical and practical reasoning both stem from the same root problem of clashing paradigms of basic concepts, I will also draw attention to the particularly radical indeterminacy of moral concept-formation, which makes moral deep disagreements more difficult to resolve. Over the course of the paper, I will discuss two examples of deep disagreements to illustrate and defend my central claim: deep disagreements over vaccines and the concept of “evidence” (theoretical reasoning) and deep disagreements over affirmative action and the concept of “fairness” (practical reasoning). I conclude by suggesting how my account of reasoning does not lead to moral relativism.
Assessing the impact of network embeddedness on SMEs innovation performance through resource bricolage: a mediated-moderated model
Authors: Li Chunyan , Shafait Mohsin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of network embeddedness, resource bricolage and organizational readiness on innovation performance based on social network theory and resource-based view. The study employed a convenience sampling technique for research survey. Data was collected from owners and CEOs of 379 small and medium-sized enterprises, operating in Pakistan. The study carried out partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) for data analysis. The results showed that network embeddedness significantly affects innovation performance through partial mediation of resource bricolage, whereas organizational readiness positively moderates the relationship between resource bricolage and innovation performance. These findings provide a novel theoretical framework to bridge critical gaps in the existing literature. Current research extends the existing literature by integrating social network theory and resource-based view, particularly in the context of innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises. These results indicate that enterprises can manage resource-constraint challenges through business networks and bricolage practices and foster innovation performance. The study findings also provide practical insights for entrepreneurs, policymakers and institutions and recommends that business collaborations with efficient resource management and strategic preparedness, can achieve high level of innovation performance. The theoretical and practical implications improvise the strategic competitiveness, industrial collaborations and long-term sustainability for small and medium-sized enterprises.