bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Anti-leishmanial Activity of Terpenes and Chitosan as a Carrier for Nano-formulations
Authors: Goel Tanvi , Bansode Deepali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Leishmaniasis is one of the most devastating and fatal diseases in humans that has been
known to mankind and is caused by the parasite Leishmania. It is destructive since no vaccination is
available and existing medicines are proving ineffective because of resistance development.

:
A need for the discovery of newer drugs has emerged. The use of natural products for the prevention,
diagnosis, and cure of diseases has rapidly increased. Following the trend, research in the field
of natural products for treating leishmaniasis has also picked up. In the present review, the focus is
on terpenes as anti-leishmanial agents. Terpenes are the least studied natural products for the treatment
of the disease. The other part of the review covers the use of chitosan as an anti-leishmanial
agent and other formulations of chitosan as a carrier in nano-formulations.

:
From the survey, it was found that the essential oils containing terpenes are very effective. Moreover,
the chitosan-based nanocarriers showed potent anti-leishmanial activity. The combined use of
natural products and newer technologies for the delivery of drugs can eradicate various diseases.
Surgical outcome of “Neurogenic claudication and walking limitation” due to degenerative Lumbar spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Rasheed Handern M. , Ali Amanj H. , Mohammed Nashaddin A. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of surgical decompression of the lumbar spinal canal, a procedure involving the removal of ligamentum and other degenerated elements causing pressure on the thecal sac, nerve roots, and neurovascular structures. The procedure is considered essential for patients experiencing neurogenic claudication, low back pain, lower limb pain and paresthesia, and decreased walking performance, to effectively decompress the lumbar canal.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent surgical decompression at Shar hospital between 2018 and 2020. A total of 57 eligible patients were followed up to assess the outcomes related to neurogenic claudication and walking ability after 12-24 months postoperatively.
Results: The postoperative results for neurogenic claudication and walking ability were found to be satisfactory in nearly three-quarters of the cases. The duration of symptoms significantly influenced the results, while factors such as gender, body mass index, smoking history, the number of stenosed levels operated, and the type of stenosis did not show significant impact.
Conclusion: Surgical decompression for degenerative lumbar canal stenosis is a relatively low-risk procedure with a very high rate of postoperative patient satisfaction regarding neurogenic claudication and improved walking distance. These positive outcomes are particularly evident when the procedure is performed promptly, by an experienced surgeon, and with appropriate patient selection.
PRAYER BEHIND THE IMAM OF DIFFERENT MAZHAB
Authors: Bin Ahmad Khadri Anas Naufal 
Published: July 2023

Imam al-Qaffāl (d. 417 H), who lived in the 5th century Hijriyyah, stated that prayers behind imams of different madhabs are valid because the benchmark is the legal requirements for prayers according to the imam. Whereas Ibn Ḥajar al-Haytamī (d. 974 H), who lived in the 10th century Hijriyyah, stated that it was invalid if the imam did something that caused the prayer invalid according to the makmum. The author examines these two opinions with a comparative approach from the perspective of fiqh al-ikhtilāf. The concept is the difference as diversity or difference as opposition. It has revealed that these two opinions must be moderate. On the one side, the makmum must be careful of imams who are much more proud of their personal or group opinions. On the other side, they must be kind to the imam. It has to consider that the differences cannot to eliminated, so the authors conclude that the best solution is to moderate between the imam's perspective and the makmum's. Thus, differences of opinion become a blessing for the people.
Tinjauan Maslahah Mursalah Terhadap Tajdid Nikah Pasutri Beda Agama
Authors: Nahar Surur  
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the practice of organizing tajdid marriages at the Taaruf Syar'i Bureau office, Sukoharjo district. In addition, the author also examines from the perspective of mas}lah}ah mursalah regarding what has been attempted by the Taaruf Syar'i Bureau Office in Sukoharjo Regency against interfaith couples in conducting tajdidun marriages. This research is a field research, which is a data collection technique carried out by means of field interviews by asking questions to married couples of different religions and collecting several other sources such as theses, theses, papers, journals, website articles, and news. To strengthen the research data, interviews were conducted with the head of the Ta'aruf Syar'i Bureau, Sukoharjo district, who gave a decision regarding the research title. The results of the researcher's analysis can be concluded that the Head of the Ta'aruf Bureau takes the Tajdid Nikah decision for married couples who initially marry in a Christian way and then want an Islamic marriage, in line with the mas}lah}ah mursalah principle, which is to continue their marriage and their marriage is legal in Islam. . With the Tajdid Marriage, the benefits taken are greater than the harm caused.
Tinjauan Maqasid Asy-Syari’ah Terhadap Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur Nomor 16 Tahun 2012 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan Perempuan Dan Anak Korban Kekerasan
Authors: Muzaiyanah Muzaiyanah 
Published: July 2023

The author's goal is to discuss the East Java Provincial Regulation Number 16 of 2012's review of maqasid asy-syariah on sexual violence against women and children in order to provide an understanding of Islam in contemporary Islamic discourse through maqasid asy-syariah, which includes humanitarian issues, particularly for women and children. The community is obliged to comply with regulations such as Regional Regulations (Perda) , despite the fact that there is no express instruction in the Qur’an or Hadith, even during the prophetic era. The need of comprehending maqasid asy-syariah in order to manage human life in order to maximize benefits and minimize harm. The data was analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method based on the maqasid asy-syariah theory. Data collection methods using library material and previous study. The findings revealed that the Regional Regulation No. 16 of 2012, which addressed the execution of the protection of women and children victims of violence, gave attention to the maqasid asy-syariah issues that arose in the community. This can be determined by referring to the regulation's "weighing" and "remembering" considerations. However, other aspects of the regional rule are disregarded, such as Article 17's requirement to report sexual abuse against women and children, for which they will face punishment as outlined in the applicable laws and regulations.
Pengungkapan Diri dan Manajemen Privasi Komunikasi Pasien Covid-19
Authors: Bate Andi Pajolloi , Amrullah Haekal Fajri 
Published: July 2023

This study elaborates communication privacy management (CPM) theory in describing the privacy management of Covid-19 patients. This research uses case study method. The results show that informants who are worried about isolation and social stigma consider their status as a Covid-19 patient as personal information. Meanwhile, those who has the intention to participate in stopping the spread of Covid-19 consider their status as public information, so disclosure is necessary. Social media is considered as an appropriate means of disclosure because the patients get virtual support, minimal boundary turbulence, and the presence of healthy discussions about Covid-19 within it.
Representasi Asia Tenggara dalam Berita tentang Covid-19 di Media Barat
Authors: Morissan Morissan 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to explore how the Western media determine news sources, frames, and news tone for events related to Covid-19 in Southeast Asia. Using the comparative content analysis, the findings show that news is presented in a negative tone while most news is presented frameless (65.8%), while news that uses frames includes a frame of responsibility (14.6%) and human interest (12.2%). Statistic test shows that there is no significant difference between Western media in the use of news sources, framing, and tone of the news.
Keywords: representation, Western media, Southeast Asia, news, Covid-19
Possibilities and prospects for assessing pain nociception in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness
Authors: Tsentsiper L. M. , Kondratyeva E. A. , Denisova A. A. , Ajbazova M. I. , Kondratyev S. A. , Kutyreva I. A. , Kondratyev A. N. , Vostrikova S. A. , Shiryaev D. S. , Smirnova I. G. 
Published: July 2023

The objective was to study the possibilities of assessing pain nociception in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (CDC) using the ANI index and to identify differences depending on the level of CDC, to create systems for objectification of pain sensations of patients with CDC. Materials and methods. The study included 29 patients with CDC. Group 1 (9 patients) – vegetative state / unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS), group 2 (20 patients) – minimally conscious state (MCS) – “plus”. The pain stimulus (PS) consisted in pressing on the nail phalanx of the hand with a reflex hammer. The ANI index was recorded three times: at rest (ANI 1), during the application of PS (ANI 2), 30 minutes after the application of PS (ANI 3). The assessment on the pain scale (NCS-R) was performed once during the application of PS. Statistical processing was carried out using the R programming language, a package of applied statistical programs SPSS STATISTICS.Results. The average values of the index difference ANI 2 and ANI 1 in group 1 differed, ANI 2 – ANI 3 had no differences. The average values of the ANI 3 index in groups 1 and 2 differed statistically significantly. A rank correlation between the ANI index and the NCS-R score existed in group 1 in the period after the application of BS. A statistically significant negative correlation was found in group 1 during the application of BS. When comparing the ANI index and the difference between the CRS-R index at discharge and admission, it was found that in group 2, the greater the difference between the CRS-R index at discharge and admission, the lower the value of the ANI index at all stages of the study, and in group 1 the opposite relationship was obtained. In group 1, there was a statistical relationship between the Kerdo index (IR) and the difference between the indices ANI 2 and ANI 1, ANI 2 and ANI 1 and IR, for group 2, the relationship could not be established.Conclusion. The data obtained during the study indicate that there are certain differences in the response to PS in patients in the VS / UWS and MCS ≪plus≫. Сreation of systems for objectification of pain sensations of patients in the VS / UWS will contribute to improving their quality of life.
Pain assessment in fentanyl-propofol combination: two dosage levels
Authors: Sahib A. A. , Yaqoob Q. A. , Sasaa M. A.Z. , Atabi T. K. , Ahmed M. R. 
Published: July 2023

Background. In the field of intravenous anesthesia, propofol is widely utilized as an induction agent. However, Propofol injection pain is a frequent adverse event that may result in discomfort for patients. Various strategies have been investigated to prevent or alleviate this pain, considering the presence of opioid receptors in the primary afferent nerve endings of peripheral tissues, which suggests a potential role of opioids in mitigating propofol-induced pain. Fentanyl, a short-acting pure opioid agonist commonly used for systemic analgesia during intraoperative and postoperative periods, has been found to possess peripherally mediated analgesic properties within its clinical dosage range. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a low dose of fentanyl in the fentanyl-propofol combination for reducing propofol injection pain.The objective of our study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two distinct doses of fentanyl in mitigating the pain associated with propofol injection.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 90 patients classified as ASA I–II who were scheduled for elective surgery. The study spanned over 4 months, from November 2022 to April 2023, and included patients aged 19 to 65 years. Patients were divided into three groups, each comprising 30 patients. The control group received only 5 ml (50 mg) of propofol. The group M1 received only 5 ml of a mixture of fentanyl and propofol, prepared with 20 ml (200 mg) of propofol and 2 ml (100 μg) of fentanyl, while the group M2 received only 5 ml of a mixture of fentanyl and propofol, prepared with 20 ml (200 mg) of propofol and 4 ml (200 μg) of fentanyl, at an injection speed of 0.5 ml/s. After 10 seconds of medication, patients were asked a standard question about the comfort of the injection, and a verbal rating scale (VRS) was used to assess propofol injection pain. Anesthesia induction was then continued following standard protocols. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 for all analyses.Results. The three groups were found to be similar in terms of patient characteristics. In the control group, the incidence of severe pain upon propofol injection was 46.7%, whereas it was 0% in both groups M1 and M2 (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The combination of fentanyl and propofol has been shown to effectively reduce the incidence of propofol injection pain. Interestingly, in this study, no significant difference was observed between the two different doses of fentanyl used in the mixture. This suggests that a low dose of fentanyl may be sufficient in achieving a pain-free environment during propofol induction, thereby offering a cost-effective approach in clinical practice.
STRATEGI MEMBANGUN NATION BRANDING DI ERA 4.0 BAGI PELAKU UMKM DI KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Ermaya Husnah Nur Laela , Fahria Rahmasari , Andriyanto Wahyu Ari 
Published: July 2023

Dari hasil observasi dan wawancara yang telah dilakukan oleh tim pengabdi, menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak sekali dari para pelaku UMKM yang belum memahami dan mengabaikan pentingnya Branding. Branding yang diabaikan tersebut tentunya berdampak negatif bagi produk-produk UMKM di Kabupaten Serang. Tujuan dilaksanakannya pelatihan dan pendampingan ini adalah untuk memberikan sosialisasi dan membantu pelaku UMKM dalam membangun Nation Branding di era 4.0. Optimalisasi penggunaan merek seharusnya dilakukan oleh para pelaku UMKM dengan harapan akan meningkatkan minat beli konsumen dan harga jual yang kompetitif. Selain itu, merek yang dibangun dengan baik merupakan sebuah investasi dan diharapkan akan memberikan keuntungan bagi UMKM di masa yang akan datang. Tahapan pelaksanaan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah mengindentifikasikan permasalahan-permasalahan yang terjadi pada mitra yaitu dengan pendekatan observasi cara wawancara, memberikan pelatihan serta pada akhirnya memberikan pendampingan kepada para pelaku UMKM. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukan bahwa para pelaku UMKM memiliki pemahaman dan kesadaran akan pentingnya membangun nation branding di era 4.0 agar dapat bersaing secara nasional dengan produk-produk yang dihasilkan dari para pelaku UMKM yang lainnya.
Kata kunci : nation branding, 4.0, UMKM, Kabupaten Serang
ABSTRACT
From the results of observations and interviews conducted by the service team, it shows that there are still a lot of MSME actors who do not understand and the importance of Branding. The neglected branding certainly has a negative impact on MSME products in Serang Regency. The purpose of implementing this training and mentoring is to provide socialization and assist MSME actors in building Nation Branding in the 4.0 era. Optimizing the use of brands must be carried out by MSME actors in the hope that it will increase consumer buying interest and competitive selling prices. In addition, a well-built brand is an investment and is expected to provide benefits for MSMEs in the future. The stages of implementing this community service activity are identifying the problems that occur in partners, namely by using an observation approach by interviewing, providing training and finally providing assistance to MSME actors. The results of this activity show that MSME actors have an understanding and awareness of the importance of building nation branding in the 4.0 era so that they can compete nationally with products produced by other MSME actors.
Keywords: Nation Branding 4.0, UMKM, Serang district
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT TENTANG CUCI TANGAN DAN SIKAT GIGI YANG BENAR DI SD NEGERI 8 RINDU HATI KEC. TABA PENANJUNG KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH
Authors: Yusanti Linda , Purnama Yetti , Dewiani Kurnia 
Published: July 2023

Usia sekolah merupakan masa keemasan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) sehingga berpotensi sebagai agen perubahaan untuk mempromosikan PHBS, baik dilingkungan sekolah, keluarga dan masyarakat. Indikator yang dipakai sebagai ukuran untuk menilai PHBS di sekolah yaitu: Mencuci tangan dengan air yang mengalir dan menggunakan sabun, mengkonsumsi jajanan sehat di kantin sekolah, menggunakan jamban yang bersih dan sehat, olahraga yang teratur dan terukur, memberantas jentik nyamuk, tidak merokok di sekolah, menimbang berat badan dan mengukur tinggi badan setiap 6 bulan, membuang sampah pada tempatnya. Menjaga kebersihan tangan guna mencegah masuknya kuman ke dalam tubuh, dan menjaga kebersihan gigi supaya gigi tidak berlubang, hal itu dapat diwujudkan melalui tindakan mencuci tangan dan sikat gigi yang benar. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah mampu memcuci tangan dan sikat gigi yang benar dan menjadi kebiasaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah diskusi, presentasi, demontrasi cuci tangan dan sikat gigi yang benar. Hasil evaluasi diketahui bahwa adanya peningkatan pengetahuan anak tentang perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat terutama tentang cara cuci tangan dan sikat gigi yang benar, sehingga dengan adanya pendidikan ini anak-anak dapat berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat.
Kata kunci: cuci tangan, sikat gigi, PHBS
ABSTRACT
School age is a golden age to instill the values ​​of clean and healthy living behavior so that it has the potential as an agent of change to promote clean and healthy living behavior, both in the school, family and community environment. The indicators used as a measure to assess clean and healthy living behavior in schools are: Washing hands with running water and using soap, consuming healthy snacks in the school canteen, using clean and healthy latrines, exercising regularly and measurably, eradicating mosquito larvae, not smoking in schools , weighing and measuring height every 6 months, throwing garbage in its place. Maintaining hand hygiene in order to prevent the entry of germs into the body, and maintaining dental hygiene so that teeth do not have cavities, can be realized through proper hand washing and brushing. The purpose of this service is to be able to wash hands and brush teeth properly and become a habit. The methods used are discussion, presentation, demonstration of hand washing and proper toothbrushing. The results of the evaluation showed that there was an increase in children's knowledge about clean and healthy living behavior, especially about how to wash their hands and brush their teeth properly, so that with this education, children can behave in a clean and healthy life.
Keywords: hand wash, toothbrush
PENYULUHAN PEMANFAATAN HEWAN AVERTEBRATA AIR MELALUI BUKU AJAR
Authors: Sianipar Herna Febrianty , Sijabat Apriani , Sinaga Christa Voni Rouhlina , Sinaga Mardame Pangihutan , Sianturi Tambos , S Ewin Handoco 
Published: July 2023

Avertebrata air merupakan hewan yang tidak memiliki tulang belakang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kerajinan tangan dan makanan, agar tidak menjadi limbah. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi kepada guru di SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Pardamean Kabupaten Simalungun Provinsi Sumatera Utara tentang pemanfaatan hewan avertebrata air dari buku ajar. Pengabdian ini telah dilakukan di Dolok Pardamean, Kabupaten Simalungun dengan metode sosialisasi dan angket. Hasil pengabdian menunjukan bahwa banyak guru yang masih belum paham tentang pemanfaatan hewan avertebrata air. Dari pengabdian ini terlihat animo guru sangat tinggi, dan menjadi paham 100% dari hasil angket tentang pemanfaatan hewan avertebrata air setelah dilakukan sosialisasi.
Kata kunci: pemanfaatan, hewan, buku, ajar
ABSTRACT
Aquatic invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone that can be used as handicrafts and food, so as not to become waste. This service aims to provide information to teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Dolok Pardamean, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province about the use of aquatic invertebrates from textbooks. This service has been carried out in Dolok Pardamean, Simalungun Regency with the method of socialization and questionnaires. The results of the service show that many teachers still do not understand the use of aquatic invertebrates. From this service, it can be seen that the teacher's interest is very high, and they understand 100% of the results of the questionnaire on the use of aquatic invertebrates after socialization.
Keywords: utilization, animal, book, teach
IMPLEMENTASI LINGKUNGAN SEHAT MELALUI EDUKASI SADAR SAMPAH DI DESA SENGANAN TABANAN
Authors: Wahyu Ermenilda Indra , Saraswati Ni Komang Putri , Parasari Nyoman Sri Manik , Perwira Setya Andika , Diarsa Raymundus Arkananta Oka , Mahesa I Putu Gede Anand Arya 
Published: July 2023

Permasalahan sampah menjadi “PR” besar bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Dimana membuang sampah sembarangan menjadi faktor utama pencemaran lingkungan. Terlebih sampah non organik yang sangat sulit diuraikan, contohnya plastik. Kesadaran mengenai kepedulian manusia terhadap lingkungan juga menjadi faktor besar akan hambatnya budaya peduli sampah tumbuh. Desa senganan merupakan salah satu desa yang memiliki soal masalah sampah yang serius. Masyarakat belum sadar mengenai dampak dari sampah terhadap lingkungan. Sangat sulit menciptakan lingkungan yang nyaman apabila masyarakat sendiri tidak memiliki kepeduliah terhadap sampah. Sosialisasi yang telah dilaksanakan dalam program kerja kami bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat desa senganan agar peduli terhadap lingkungan melalui sikap sadar akan sampah. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi dan edukasi lingkungan sehat kepada masyarakat. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan dari melaksanakan kegiatan ini adalah mengurangi penggunaan bahan berbahan dasar plastic, mendaur ulang sampah baik sampah plastik, dan sampah organik bisa dijadikan pupuk kompos.
Kata kunci: sampah, pasar tradisional, pengelolaan sampah, peran pedagang

ABSTRACT
The waste problem is a big homework for the people of Indonesia. Where littering is a major factor in environmental pollution. Moreover, non-organic waste that is very difficult to decompose, for example plastic. Awareness of human care for the environment is also a big factor in preventing a culture of caring for waste from growing. Senganan village is one of the villages that has a serious waste problem. People are not aware of the impact of waste on the environment. It is very difficult to create a comfortable environment if the people themselves do not care about waste. The socialization that has been carried out in our work program aims to educate the village community so that they care about the environment through an awareness of waste. The method of implementing the activities used is socialization and education of a healthy environment to the community. The results obtained from carrying out this activity are reducing the use of plastic-based materials, recycling both plastic waste, and organic waste that can be used as compost.
Keywords: waste, traditional markets, waste management, the role of traders