bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to non-prescription medicines via vending machines: key considerations to help transfer the self-care concept to the next generation while managing safety risks
Authors: Jairoun Ammar Abdulrahman , Al-Hemyari Sabaa Saleh , Shahwan Moyad , El-Dahiyat Faris , Jairoun Maimona , Godman Brian , Kurdi Amanj , Zyoud Samer H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Non-prescription vending machines are automated self-service systems that are increasingly used to dispense these medicines. Whilst regulatory health academics have devoted considerable attention to non-pharmacy medication outlets in Gulf Cooperation Council countries and others, the public health literature on these vending machines remains lacking. Whilst non-prescription vending machines undoubtedly provide a number of benefits, they are not without their risks, which include polypharmacy and medication interactions.

Methods
The purpose of this article is to provide a framework for further investigation of the function, advantages, and practical constraints of non-prescription vending machines.

Key findings
Overall, more research is required to determine the optimal balance between achieving the benefits of non-prescription vending machines whilst avoiding unnecessary constraints on regulatory bodies and vending machine providers but minimizing patient harm.

Conclusions
Further studies are also required to assess the consequences of these policy experiments. Specifically, there is a need to better understand the extent to which vending machines can provide beneficial and reasonable access to non-prescription medicines to enhance the quality of life of the population especially during pandemics.
ThePhytophthora capsiciRxLR effectorCRISIS2triggers cell death via suppressing plasma membrane H+-ATPase in the host plant
Authors: Seo Ye-Eun , Lee Hye-Young , Kim Haeun , Yan Xin , Park Sang A , Kim Myung-Shin , Segonzac Cécile , Choi Doil , Mang Hyunggon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPathogen effectors can suppress various plant immune responses, suggesting that they have multiple targets in the host. To understand the mechanisms underlying plasma membrane-associated and effector-mediated immunity, we screened the Phytophthora capsici RxLR cell death-inducer suppressing immune system (CRISIS). We found that the cell death induced by the CRISIS2 effector in Nicotiana benthamiana was inhibited by the irreversible plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMA) activator fusicoccin. Biochemical and gene-silencing analyses revealed that CRISIS2 physically and functionally associated with PMAs and induced host cell death independent of immune receptors. CRISIS2 induced apoplastic alkalization by suppressing PMA activity via its association with the C-terminal regulatory domain. In planta expression of CRISIS2 significantly enhanced the virulence of P. capsici, whereas host-induced gene-silencing of CRISIS2 compromised the disease symptoms and the biomass of the pathogen. Thus, our study has identified a novel RxLR effector that plays multiple roles in the suppression of plant defense and in the induction of cell death to support the pathogen hemibiotrophic life cycle in the host plant.
Buyers versus borrowers: a look at the finances of Shakespeare and Company
Authors: Benedict Nora 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sylvia Beach is known for her ‘imperfect record keeping’ and often indecipherable business accounts (Fitch, N. R. (1985). Sylvia Beach and the Lost Generation: A History of Literary Paris in the Twenties and Thirties. New York: Norton, p. 161). That said, data from her lending library cards and logbooks provide key insight into Shakespeare and Company’s cash flow. While this financial information is not always presented in a systematic or exhaustive manner, it can still be used to develop a more nuanced understanding of the inner workings of Beach’s literary enterprise. To that end, in this article, I use the Shakespeare and Company Project data sets to examine the exchange of books in Beach’s bookshop. More specifically, my analysis centers on the details surrounding purchases and borrows of books from the events data set. By limiting the scope of my study to only those records that contain transactional data—whether in the form of membership fees or actual book purchases—I provide a case study of how to approach incomplete data that unearths a new array of networks that were central to the daily operations of Shakespeare and Company. As a result, in contrast with the common focus on solely the most notable lending library members (or members of the Lost Generation in general), this financial approach brings to light invisible networks and underexplored figures whose monetary contributions were essential to keeping Beach’s business afloat.
Acceptability and feasibility of cognitive assessments with adults with primary brain cancer and brain metastasis: A systematic review
Authors: Carlson Melissa A , Fradgley Elizabeth A , Yates Della , Morris Sarah , Tait Jordan , Paul Christine L 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRoutine cognitive assessment for adults with brain cancers is seldom completed but vital for guiding daily living, maintaining quality of life, or supporting patients and families. This study aims to identify cognitive assessments which are pragmatic and acceptable for use in clinical settings. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched to identify studies published in English between 1990 and 2021. Publications were independently screened by two coders and included if they: (1) were peer-reviewed; (2) reported original data relating to adult primary brain tumor or brain metastases; (3) used objective or subjective assessments; (4) reported assessment acceptability or feasibility. The Psychometric And Pragmatic Evidence Rating Scale was used. Consent, assessment commencement and completion, and study completion were extracted along with author-reported acceptability and feasibility data. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42021234794. Across 27 studies, 21 cognitive assessments had been assessed for feasibility and acceptability; 15 were objective assessments. Acceptability data were limited and heterogeneous, particularly consent (not reported in 23 studies), assessment commencement (not reported in 19 studies), and assessment completion (not reported in 21 studies). Reasons for non-completion could be grouped into patient-factors, assessment-factors, clinician-factors, and system-factors. The three cognitive assessments with the most acceptability and feasibility data reported were the MMSE, MoCA, and NIHTB-CB. Further acceptability and feasibility data are needed including consent, commencement and completion rates. Cost, length, time, and assessor burden are needed for the MMSE, MoCA, and NIHTB-CB, along with potentially new computerized assessments suited for busy clinical settings.
Sympatric or micro-allopatric speciation in a glacial lake? Genomic islands support neither
Authors: Sun Ning , Yang Liandong , Tian Fei , Zeng Honghui , He Ziwen , Zhao Kai , Wang Cheng , Meng Minghui , Feng Chenguang , Fang Chengchi , Lv Wenqi , Bo Jing , Tang Yongtao , Gan Xiaoni , Peng Zuogang , Chen Yiyu , He Shunping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractApparent cases of sympatric speciation may actually be due to micro-allopatric or micro-parapatric speciation. One way to distinguish between these models is to examine the existence and nature of genomic islands of divergence, wherein divergent DNA segments are interspersed with low-divergence segments. Such islands should be rare or absent under micro-allopatric speciation but common in cases of speciation with gene flow. Sympatric divergence of endemic fishes is known from isolated saline, crater, postglacial, and ancient lakes. Two morphologically distinct cyprinid fishes, Gymnocypris eckloni scoliostomus (GS) and G. eckloni eckloni (GE), in a small glacial lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, Lake Sunmcuo, match the biogeographic criteria of sympatric speciation. In this study, we examined genome-wide variation in 46 individuals from these two groups. The divergence time between the GS and GE lineages was estimated to be 20–60 Kya. We identified 54 large genomic islands (≥100 kb) of speciation, which accounted for 89.4% of the total length of all genomic islands. These islands harboured divergent genes related to olfactory receptors and olfaction signals that may play important roles in food selection and assortative mating in fishes. Although the genomic islands clearly indicated speciation with gene flow and rejected micro-allopatric speciation, they were too large to support the hypothesis of sympatric speciation. Theoretical and recent empirical studies suggested that continual gene flow in sympatry should give rise to many small genomic islands (as small as a few kilobases in size). Thus, the observed pattern is consistent with the extensive evidence on parapatric speciation, in which adjacent habitats facilitate divergent selection but also permit gene flow during speciation. We suggest that many, if not most, of the reported cases of sympatric speciation are likely to be micro-parapatric speciation.
Burden of Serious Fungal Infections in India
Authors: Ray Animesh , Aayilliath K Adarsh , Banerjee Sayantan , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Denning David W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Fungal disease is frequent in India, but its incidence and prevalence are unclear. This review aims at defining the frequency or burden of various fungal infections in India.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature on the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (WOS) databases was conducted using appropriate search strings. Deterministic modeling determined annual incidence and prevalence estimates for multiple life- and sight-threatening infections with significant morbidity.

Results
Literature searches yielded &gt;2900 papers; 434 papers with incidence/prevalence/proportion data were analyzed. An estimated 57 251 328 of the 1 393 400 000 people in India (4.1%) suffer from a serious fungal disease. The prevalence (in millions) of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is 24.3, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is 2.0, tinea capitis in school-age children is 25, severe asthma with fungal sensitization is 1.36, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is 1.74, and chronic fungal rhinosinusitis is 1.52. The annual incidence rates of Pneumocystis pneumonia (58 400), invasive aspergillosis (250 900), mucormycosis (195 000), esophageal candidiasis in HIV (266 600), candidemia (188 000), fungal keratitis (1 017 100), and cryptococcal meningitis (11 500) were also determined. Histoplasmosis, talaromycosis, mycetoma, and chromoblastomycosis were less frequent.

Conclusions
India's fungal burden is high and underappreciated in clinical practice.
Growth-regulating factor 15-mediated gene regulatory network enhances salt tolerance in poplar
Authors: Xu Weijie , Wang Yue , Xie Jianbo , Tan Shuxian , Wang Haofei , Zhao Yiyang , Liu Qing , El-Kassaby Yousry A , Zhang Deqiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoil salinity is an important determinant of crop productivity and triggers salt stress response pathways in plants. The salt stress response is controlled by transcriptional regulatory networks that maintain regulatory homeostasis through combinations of transcription factor (TF)–DNA and TF–TF interactions. We investigated the transcriptome of poplar 84 K (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa) under salt stress using samples collected at 4- or 6-h intervals within 2 days of salt stress treatment. We detected 24,973 differentially expressed genes, including 2,231 TFs that might be responsive to salt stress. To explore these interactions and targets of TFs in perennial woody plants, we combined gene regulatory networks, DNA affinity purification sequencing, yeast two-hybrid-sequencing, and multi-gene association approaches. Growth-regulating factor 15 (PagGRF15) and its target, high-affinity K+ transporter 6 (PagHAK6), were identified as an important regulatory module in the salt stress response. Overexpression of PagGRF15 and PagHAK6 in transgenic lines improved salt tolerance by enhancing Na+ transport and modulating H2O2 accumulation in poplar. Yeast two-hybrid assays identified more than 420 PagGRF15-interacting proteins, including ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR TFs and a zinc finger protein (C2H2) that are produced in response to a variety of phytohormones and environmental signals and are likely involved in abiotic stress. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that PagGRF15 is a multifunctional TF involved in growth, development, and salt stress tolerance, highlighting the capability of a multifaceted approach in identifying regulatory nodes in plants.
Preserved distraction analgesia but greater impact of pain on task performance in older adults compared with younger subjects
Authors: Lithfous Ségolène , Després Olivier , Devanne Julia , Pebayle Thierry , Dufour André 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective
In this study, we compared two working memory conditions to study the analgesic effect of a distraction in elderly vs young people and the effect of pain on performance on the distracting task.

Methods
Younger (n=27) and older (n= 34) subjects performed 1- and 2-Back working memory tasks, representing low and high cognitive loads, respectively. Infrequent, brief hot nociceptive and cold non-nociceptive stimulations were delivered 100 ms before visual N-Back stimuli. Contact heat–evoked and cold-evoked potentials (N2P2 component) were analyzed in the absence of cognitive tasks and during the N-Back tasks. We compared the pain and cold intensity ratings and reaction times in trials preceded by nociceptive and cold stimulations and in trials not preceded by thermal stimulations between groups and between N-Back conditions.

Results
In both groups, performing the 1- and 2-Back working memory tasks reduced the perceived intensity of nociceptive and cold stimuli. In elderly subjects performing 2-Back memory tasks, response times to trials after nociceptive stimulation were longer than those to trials after cold or non-stimulation. By contrast, thermal stimulations had no effect on reaction times in young subjects. The amplitude of the N2P2 component was lower in the older than in the younger group in the absence of a cognitive task. In the older group, N-Back tasks had no effect on the N2P2 amplitude, whereas they reduced N2P2 amplitude in the young.

Conclusion
Distraction analgesia is preserved in elderly subjects. However, this successful pain modulation seems to be accompanied by performance costs in the distracting tasks.
Micropatterned composite membrane guides oriented cell growth and vascularization for accelerating wound healing
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Liu Xulong , Tao Weiyong , Li Yan , Du Yingying , Zhang Shengmin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Skin defect is common in daily life, but repairing large skin defects remains a challenge. Using biomaterials to deliver biochemical or physical factors to promote skin tissue regeneration is of great significance for accelerating wound healing. Specific surface micropatterns on biomaterials could affect cell behavior and tissue regeneration. However, few studies have focused on the construction of wound healing biomaterials with surface micropatterns and their role in skin tissue regeneration. In the present study, gelatin–polycaprolactone/silk fibroin composite membranes with different micropatterns were fabricated by photolithography, including line, grid and plane micropatterns. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that the line micropattern on the composite membrane could guide cell-oriented growth, and more importantly, promote the expression of angiogenesis-related markers and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) at both gene level and protein level. In the rat full-thickness skin defect model, the composite membrane with line micropatterns increased α-SMA production and neovascularization in wounds, leading to accelerated wound contraction and healing. The current study not only suggests that composite membranes with specific micropatterns can be promising wound repair materials but also provides new insights into the importance of biomaterial surface topology for tissue regeneration.
The Sexual Politics of Paratexts: John Day’s Gorboduc
Authors: Sincox Bailey 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Because Gorboduc, or The Tragedie of Ferrex and Porrex (1561) sees a king divide his kingdom between his two sons while he still lives, much scholarship discusses the play as an Elizabeth succession parable. However, the printer John Day’s prefatory letter to his 1570 octavo (O2) provides a different frame, documenting an instance of Gorboduc’s later reception that scholarship has not yet recognized. This article argues that by comparing the playtext to a sexually assaulted woman Day does not merely advertise his edition’s supposed superiority to O1, as some have claimed. Considering Day’s reformist network, his investment in preserving Protestantism in England, and his output in 1570—including the massive second edition of Foxe’s Actes and Monuments and political treatises by Gorboduc’s co-author Thomas Norton—Day’s ‘better forme’ of Gorboduc becomes newly legible within histories of reading. For by claiming O2 will ‘play Lucreces part’, Day reads Gorboduc’s materialization of misrule’s effects through violence against ‘Mother Brittaine’ as anti-tyranny polemic—and asks book buyers to read it this way as well. Synthesizing historicist and feminist literary approaches with recent book historical work on paratexts, this article demonstrates how O2’s prefatory letter figures gender violence to justify resistance to tyranny.
Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy and incisional biopsy of the parotid gland are comparable in diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Deroo Liselotte , Genbrugge Eva , Dochy Frederick , Creytens David , Achten Helena , De Boeck Kristel , Bauters Wouter , Roels Dimitri , Deprez Joke , Van den Bosch Filip , Elewaut Dirk , Peene Isabelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Salivary gland lymphocytic infiltrates are a hallmark of primary SS (pSS), but traditional biopsy techniques hold several disadvantages. Ultrasound-guided core needle (US-guided CN) parotid gland biopsy is minimally invasive and reliable for diagnosis of lymphoma in pSS. This proof-of-concept study aimed to explore this technique in the diagnostic work-up of pSS and is the first to address its value in a consecutive cohort independently of the presence of salivary gland swelling.

Methods
Combined incisional and US-guided CN parotid biopsy was performed in 20 patients with suspected or confirmed pSS from the Belgian Sjögren’s Syndrome Transition Trial (BeSSTT). Surface area and presence of a focus score (FS) of at least one, germinal centres and lymphoepithelial lesions were recorded.

Results
Salivary gland tissue was interpretable in 19 patients. Fourteen patients had ≥4 mm2 salivary gland tissue by both techniques, in four US-guided CN biopsies salivary gland tissue was &lt;4 mm2. Paired biopsies ≥4 mm2 displayed a concordance of 90% for FS ≥ 1. Presence of lymphoepithelial lesions and germinal centres showed absolute concordance. Of four US-guided CN biopsies &lt;4 mm2, three interpretable incisional biopsies were available, 2/3 with perfect concordance. When including biopsies of &lt;4 mm2 salivary gland tissue, presence of FS ≥ 1 or germinal centres gave a sensitivity of 70% in incisional and of 69% in US-guided CN biopsy.

Conclusions
US-guided CN biopsy of the parotid gland is at least equivalent to incisional biopsy of the parotid gland in the diagnostic work-up of pSS.
The role of intermediaries in nurturing innovation ecosystems: a case study of Singapore’s manufacturing sector
Authors: Ng Huey Yuen , Luo Yining , Park Hyunkyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hitherto marginalized in the extant innovation studies is the role of intermediaries in innovation ecosystems, which require greater coordination and orchestration between manifold organizations. We conduct qualitative research on the Precision Engineering Centre of Innovation to understand how this government-affiliated intermediary in Singapore takes the initiative in shaping an innovation ecosystem through which local/foreign precision engineering firms, government agencies, and multinational corporations harmoniously co-develop advanced manufacturing capabilities. By analyzing the qualitative data through the theoretical lenses of innovation ecosystem and intermediary, our findings reveal that intermediaries nurture ecosystems in four major steps: (1) developing the ecosystem vision, (2) forming the ecosystem community, (3) orchestrating the ecosystem resources, and (4) materializing the new value proposition. Based on this process model, the implications for innovation intermediary research, innovation ecosystem studies, and innovation policy are discussed.
Prognostic factors in acute poisoning with central nervous system xenobiotics: development of a nomogram predicting risk of intensive care unit admission
Authors: Sharif Asmaa F , Kasemy Zeinab A , Alshabibi Rakan A , Almufleh Salem J , Abousamak Fahad W , Alfrayan Abdulmajeed A , Alshehri Muath , Alemies Rakan A , Almuhsen Assim S , AlNasser Shahd N , Al-Mulhim Khalid A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute intoxication with central nervous system (CNS) xenobiotics is an increasing global problem. Predicting the prognosis of acute toxic exposure among patients can significantly alter the morbidity and mortality. The present study outlined the early risk predictors among patients diagnosed with acute exposure to CNS xenobiotics and endorsed bedside nomograms for identifying patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission and those at risk of poor prognosis or death.MethodsThis study is a 6-year retrospective cohort study conducted among patients presented with acute exposure to CNS xenobiotics.ResultsA total of 143 patients’ records were included, where (36.4%) were admitted to the ICU, and a significant proportion of which was due to exposure to alcohols, sedative hypnotics, psychotropic, and antidepressants (P = 0.021). ICU admission was associated with significantly lower blood pressure, pH, and HCO3 levels and higher random blood glucose (RBG), serum urea, and creatinine levels (P &lt; 0.05). The study findings indicate that the decision of ICU admission could be determined using a nomogram combining the initial HCO3 level, blood pH, modified PSS, and GCS. HCO3 level &lt; 17.1 mEq/L, pH &lt; 7.2, moderate-to-severe PSS, and GCS &lt; 11 significantly predicted ICU admission. Moreover, high PSS and low HCO3 levels significantly predicted poor prognosis and mortality. Hyperglycemia was another significant predictor of mortality. Combining initial GCS, RBG level, and HCO3 is substantially helpful in predicting the need for ICU admission in acute alcohol intoxication.ConclusionThe proposed nomograms yielded significant straightforward and reliable prognostic outcomes predictors in acute exposure to CNS xenobiotics.