bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental degradation, economic growth, and energy consumption: The role of education
Authors: Osuntuyi Busayo Victor , Lean Hooi Hooi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe growth‐energy‐environment relationship has been debated over the last decades. The devastating impacts of economic growth and energy consumption on the environment have concerned environmental stakeholders worldwide. Although education has been identified as an essential determinant of environmental degradation, its moderating role is overlooked in the literature. This study examines the direct and moderating roles of education in the growth‐energy‐environment relationship in 23 African countries. The panel mean group (MG), pooled mean group (PMG), fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and the Driscoll–Kraay standard errors are used for the analysis. The study finds that the direct and moderating roles of education aggravate environmental degradation. The findings also reveal that the marginal impacts of energy consumption are contingent upon education and increase environmental degradation. The study recommends transforming the school curriculum to foster environmental awareness, competence, and mindset to improve the environment in Africa.
Hydrovoltaic Nanogenerators for Self‐Powered Sweat Electrolyte Analysis
Authors: Huangfu Xueqing , Guo Yang , Mugo Samuel M. , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHuman sweat comprises various electrolytes that are health status indicators. Conventional potentiometric electrolyte sensors require an electrical power source, which is expensive, bulky, and requires a complex architecture. Herein, this work demonstrates an electric nanogenerator fabricated using silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays comprising modified carbon nanoparticles. The SiNW arrays platform is demonstrated as an effective self‐powered sensor for sweat electrolyte analysis. It has been shown that an evaporation‐induced water flow in nanochannels can yield an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.45 V and a short‐circuit current of 10.2 µA at room temperature as a result of overlapped electric double layers. The electrolyte in the water flow results in a Voc decrease due to the charge shielding effect. The Voc is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentration. The fabricated hydrovoltaic device shows the capability for sensing electrolytes in human sweat, which is useful in evaluating the hydration status of volunteers following intense physical exercise. The device depicts a novel response mechanism compared to conventional electrochemical sensors. Furthermore, the hydrovoltaic device shows a maximum output power of 1.42 µW, and as such has been successfully shown to drive various electronic devices including light‐emitting diodes, a calculator, and an electronic timer.
Half Monocoque Structures – Raumbildende Tragstrukturen aus Sandwichelementen
Authors: Ungermann Dieter , Akama Eseme Glen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIm Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts „Half Monocoque Structures – Raumbildende Tragstrukturen aus Sandwichelementen“ wurden theoretische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Tragverhalten selbsttragender Konstruktionen aus Sandwichelementen unter axialer Druckbeanspruchung durchgeführt. Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens war es, vorhandene Berechnungsansätze zur Trag‐ und Gebrauchstauglichkeit und die Detaillösungen zur Lasteinleitung und ‐verteilung zu validieren und ggf. weiterzuentwickeln. Es wurde zunächst eine selbsttragende Konstruktion aus Sandwichelementen ohne eine tragende Unterkonstruktion als Beispielobjekt entworfen. Hierzu wurden alle notwendigen Konstruktionszeichnungen und Detaillösungen zur Ausbildung der Lasteinleitungsstellen und Stoßpunkte ausgearbeitet und für diese Anwendung festgelegt. Außerdem wurde eine wirtschaftliche und ökologische Betrachtung der Bauweise anhand des Beispielobjekts vorgenommen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse aus der ganzheitlichen Betrachtung der Bauweise sollen dann als Grundlage für den Erwerb einer bauaufsichtlichen Zulassung dienen. In diesem Aufsatz werden die wesentlichen Forschungsergebnisse präsentiert und die Vorzüge der Bauweise selbsttragender Konstruktionen aus Sandwichelementen ohne eine tragende Unterkonstruktion verdeutlicht.
Ultrasound assisted preparation, characterization, and application of biosorbent for Rhodamine 6G removal from wastewater
Authors: Pakhale Vinod D. , Gogate Parag R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNatural adsorbents offer promise for application in environmental protection mainly based on the cost efficiency and biodegradable nature. In the current work, a biosorbent has been synthesized from coconut shell (a common agrochemical waste) in the presence of ultrasound with an objective to improve the microstructure of the carbon coupled with activation using mixture of HNO3 with H2SO4 (7:3 proportion). SEM analysis clearly confirmed that ultrasound induced cavitational effects improved the porous structure of the sample. FTIR and XRD results confirmed the favorable adsorption characteristics for the synthesized activated carbon with no negative changes due to the use of ultrasound. The synthesized adsorbent was used for the removal of a toxic dye, Rhodamine 6G present in effluent at a level of 25 mg L−1. The detailed study into effect of operating parameters elucidated that optimum treatment time for maximum dye removal was 22 min whereas the optimal value of biosorbent loading and pH were 8 gL−1 and 10, respectively. The equilibrium data was fitted into different types of adsorption isotherm models, and Langmuir isotherm model was elucidated as the best fitted model with an adsorption capacity of 90.9 mg g−1. Similarly, the kinetic studies revealed that pseudo second order model fitted better than all the other models. Overall, the efficacy of prepared adsorbent in the presence of ultrasound was effectively demonstrated for the Rhodamine 6G removal from wastewater, also demonstrating the effect of different operating conditions during the adsorption.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (atypical fibroxanthoma‐subtype) in a 4‐year‐old Rothschild's giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi)
Authors: Clayton Ashley , Holding Ellen , Hopper Jane , Krook Brogan , Rich Andrew F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA 4‐year‐old, male Rothschild's giraffe presented with a rapidly growing, hemispherical, approximately 40 × 20 × 20 mm, raised, firm mass located on the mid‐region of the left lateral thigh. Complete surgical excision (minimal 20 mm margins in all orientations) was achieved under behavioural restraint and local anaesthesia. Cytology and histopathology diagnosed a poorly differentiated malignant mesenchymal neoplasm, with nuclear karyomegaly, multinucleation and atypical horseshoe‐like forms. The neoplastic cells exhibited diffuse strong cytoplasmic immunopositivity to vimentin, and were negative to smooth muscle actin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and CD18 immunomarkers, giving a diagnosis of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. At 1 year follow‐up, the giraffe is clinically well with no health issues after complete excision, and no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases, based on physical examination and routine haematology/biochemistry. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (atypical fibroxanthoma‐subtype) in a giraffe.
Review of artificial intelligence‐based question‐answering systems in healthcare
Authors: Budler Leona Cilar , Gosak Lucija , Stiglic Gregor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUse of conversational agents, like chatbots, avatars, and robots is increasing worldwide. Yet, their effectiveness in health care is largely unknown. The aim of this advanced review was to assess the use and effectiveness of conversational agents in various fields of health care. A literature search, analysis, and synthesis were conducted in February 2022 in PubMed and CINAHL. The included evidence was analyzed narratively by employing the principles of thematic analysis. We reviewed articles on artificial intelligence‐based question‐answering systems in health care. Most of the identified articles report its effectiveness; less is known about its use. We outlined study findings and explored directions of future research, to provide evidence‐based knowledge about artificial intelligence‐based question‐answering systems.This article is categorized under:
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Human Centricity and User Interaction
Application Areas > Health Care
Technologies > Artificial Intelligence
Metal–organic coordination polymers for delivery of immunomodulatory agents, and infectious disease and cancer vaccines
Authors: Pena Erik S. , Lifshits Liubov M. , Eckshtain‐Levi Meital , Bachelder Eric M. , Ainslie Kristy M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetal–organic coordination polymers (CPs) are a broad class of materials that include metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). CPs are highly ordered crystalline materials that are composed of metal ions (or metal ion clusters) and multidentate organic ligands that serve as linkers. One‐, two‐, and three‐dimensional CPs can be formed, with 2D and 3D structures referred to as MOFs. CPs have gained a lot of attention due to attractive structural features like structure versatility and tunability, and well‐defined pores that enable the encapsulation of cargo. Further, CPs show a lot of promise for drug delivery applications, but only a very limited number of CPs are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we outlined features that are desired for CP‐based drug delivery platform, and briefly described most relevant characterization techniques. We highlighted some of the recent efforts directed toward developing CP‐based drug delivery platforms with the emphasis on vaccines against cancer, infectious diseases, and viruses. We hope this review will be a helpful guide for those interested in the design and evaluation of CP‐based immunological drug delivery platforms.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Schleichender demografischer Wandel und neurologische Rehabilitation – Teil 2: Handlungsmöglichkeiten
Authors: Knecht Stefan , Reiners Harmut , Siebler Mario , Platz Thomas , Flöel Agnes , Busse Reinhard 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungIn seinem jetzigen Zustand wird das deutsche Gesundheitssystem nicht in der Lage sein, eine ansteigende Zahl alter Menschen in der Bevölkerung mit einer verminderten Zahl qualifizierter Erwerbspersonen zu versorgen. Diese Problematik betrifft besonders die postakute Versorgung von Schwerkranken, wie in einem ersten von zwei Beitragsteilen unter Situationsbeschreibung dargelegt wurde. Hier diskutieren wir Perspektiven und Handlungsmöglichkeiten. Eine führende Schlussfolgerung ist, dass akut- und rehabilitativmedizinische Maßnahmen deutlich wirksamer als bisher auf einander abgestimmt werden könnten und sollten.
Non-linear Sylow branching coefficients for symmetric groups
Authors: Giannelli Eugenio , Volpato Giada 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the restriction to Sylow subgroups of irreducible characters of symmetric groups. In particular, we give a precise description of the degrees of the irreducible constituents in terms of the shape of the partition that labels a given irreducible character. Our main result is a wide generalization of [Giannelli and Navarro (Proc Am Math Soc 146(5):1963–1976, 2018), Theorem 3.1].
Linking Pedobacter lusitanus NL19 volatile exometabolome with growth medium composition: what can we learn using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry?
Authors: Figueiredo Gonçalo , Costa Carina Pedrosa , Lourenço Joana , Caetano Tânia , Rocha Sílvia M. , Mendo Sónia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMicrobial metabolomics allows understanding and to comprehensively analyse metabolites, and their related cellular and metabolic processes, that are produced and released to the extracellular environment under specific conditions. In that regard, the main objective of this research is to understand the impact of culture media changes in the metabolic profile of Pedobacter lusitanus NL19 (NL19) and Pedobacter himalayensis MTCC 6384 (MTCC6384) and respective influence on the production of biotechnologically relevant compounds. Solid-phase microextraction combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyser (GC × GC-ToFMS) was applied to comprehensively study the metabolites produced by NL19 and MTCC6384 both in tryptic soy broth 100% (TSB100) and tryptic soy broth with 25% casein peptone (PC25). A total of 320 metabolites were putatively identified, which belong to different chemical families: alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ethers, hydrocarbons, ketones, nitrogen compounds, sulphur compounds, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes. Metabolites that were statistically different from the control (sterile medium) were selected allowing for the construction of the metabolic profile of both strains. A set of 80 metabolites was tentatively associated to the metabolic pathways such as the metabolism of fatty acids, branched-chain aminoacids, phenylalanine, methionine, aromatic compounds, and monoterpene and sesquiterpene biosynthesis. This study allowed to better understand how slight changes of the culture media and thus the composition of nutrients impair the metabolic profile of bacteria, which may be further explored for metabolomics pipeline construction or biotechnological applications.
Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Skin-Reducing Mastectomy with Prepectoral Polyuretane (Pu) Implant Covered with an Autologous Dermo-Adipose Flap
Authors: Lembo Fedele , Cecchino Liberato Roberto , Parisi Domenico , Portincasa Aurelio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to present our new technique of immediate breast reconstruction with prepectoral Polyuretane (PU) Implants, covered with an autologous dermo-adipose flap, in skin-reducing mastectomy both for risk-reducing (prophylactic mastectomy) and therapeutic cases.

Methods
We performed a single-center, retrospective review of 21 patients (mean age 47 years), undergone skin-reducing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction with prepectoral Polyuretane (PU) Implants, covered with an autologous dermo-adipose flap, un the period January 2018–June 2021. All procedures were performed by the same surgeon.

Results
A total of 36 skin-reducing mastectomies (6 curative, 15 prophylactic) with one-stage prepectoral PU foam-coated implant and autologous dermo-adipose flap reconstruction were performed. All postoperative complications were collected. Quality of life (QoL) and satisfaction with reconstruction were evaluated through the BREAST-Q questionnaire, administered preoperatively and at 12 months after surgery. Independent Student’s t tests were used to compare means of continuous variables and Chi-square test was used for ordinal variables. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Uni- and multiple linear regression analyses were used to confirm all results. Out of 21 patients, we observed one small wound dehiscence and one partial Nipple-Areola Complex (NAC) necrosis. All cases of minor complications were managed conservatively and did not affect the quality of the final outcome. No implant loss was observed. No significant severe capsular contracture (grade III or IV) was detected at follow-up. Overall satisfaction with breasts, psychosocial, physical and sexual well-being all significantly increased, analyzing BRAST-Q data. Statistical analysis showed a significant influence of diabetes on the risk of complications.

Conclusions
Our experience suggests that the procedure described is effective, feasible and cost-effective. It is easier to perform compared to similar and more demanding procedure, reduces operative time, and minimizes complications related to manipulation of the pectoralis major muscle, while also contributing to the containment of costs.
Moreover, it appears to be oncologically safe, provides good esthetic results with low postoperative complication rate and leads to high level of patients’ satisfaction.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Multi-beam ultrafast laser processing of free-standing nanofilms
Authors: Uesugi Yuuki , Miwa Taito , Kadoguchi Naohiro , Kozawa Yuichi , Sato Shunichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, femtosecond laser-based multi-beam interference laser processing on nanofilms with nanometer thicknesses was demonstrated. The resulting multi-hole, two-dimensional lattice pattern reflected a laser interference fringe formed on the surface of the nanofilm, with no breaks or cracks. In anticipation of the actual nanostructure fabrication, additional laser processing was performed to drill additional holes in the spaces between the existing holes, resulting in high-density multi-point hole drilling beyond the interference fringe pitch. Notably, processing materials with thicknesses close to 100 nm or less is difficult even with a state-of-the-art focused-ion-beam system. The presented method, in contrast, allows instantaneous, submicrometer-scale multi-point hole drilling of nanofilms over a large area, opening up a new frontier of nanoengineering. Future applications will include the fabrication of electron phase plates, membrane-based optomechanical devices, microelectromechanical systems, and engineering of atomic layer materials.
Tübinger Training for Autism Spectrum Disorders (TüTASS): a structured group intervention on self-perception and social skills of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Authors: Drüsedau Laura Luisa , Götz Antonia , Kleine Büning Lena , Conzelmann Annette , Renner Tobias J. , Barth Gottfried M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn autism spectrum disorders (ASD), social communication and stereotypical behaviour patterns affect all areas of life, and can result in a decrease of its quality. Previous research has shown promising results for the social skills of groups of children with ASD. Furthermore, a pilot study of the Tübingen Group Training for Autism Spectrum Disorders (TüTASS) has demonstrated that mindfulness-based elements achieve additional positive effects. To build on these findings, the TüTASS training was adapted and expanded. Indeed, the TüTASS currently includes 20 90-min appointments starting with the basic skills of emotions, body, and communication, which are then transferred to personal, family, peer, and school spheres. The appointments have a fixed, consistent structure and each includes a body awareness exercise. In this study, we evaluated the TÜTASS with 27 children with ASD. The results showed improvements in pre-post comparison in behaviours associated with autism, as well as in externalising and internalising behaviours as assessed by parent reports, participant self-reports, and independent raters in participating children. Furthermore, the perceived parent burden in relation to their children decreased, whereas the participants’ self-rated quality of life increased. Overall, both the participants and their parents rated the TüTASS very positively in rating sheets and in free feedback. If replicated in larger controlled trials, TÜTASS training might be a useful treatment tool for groups of children with ASD.
Can you trust this source? Advice taking in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Scheunemann Jakob , Jelinek Lena , Biedermann Sarah V. , Lipp Michael , Yassari Amir H. , Kühn Simone , Gallinat Jürgen , Moritz Steffen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearch suggests that patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) share a range of cognitive biases with patients with psychosis. As the disorder often manifests in dysfunctional social interactions, we assumed associated reasoning styles would be exaggerated in a social setting. For the present study, we applied the Judge-Advisor System by asking participants to provide initial estimates of a person’s age and presumed hostility based on a portrait photo. Afterwards, we presented additional cues/advice in the form of responses by anonymous previous respondents. Participants could revise their estimate, seek additional advice, or make a decision. Contrary to our preregistered hypothesis, patients with BPD (n = 38) performed similarly to healthy controls (n = 30). Patients sought the same number of pieces of advice, were equally confident, and used advice in similar ways to revise their estimates. Thus, patients with BPD did trust advice. However, patients gave higher hostility ratings to the portrayed persons. In conclusion, patients with BPD showed no cognitive biases in seeking, evaluating, and integrating socially provided information. While the study implies emotional rather than cognitive biases in the disorder, cognitive biases may still prove to be useful treatment targets in order to encourage delaying and reflecting on extreme emotional responses in social interactions.
In situ donor keratometry in deceased patients as a novel screening technique for eye banking
Authors: Quintin Adrien , Hamon Loïc , Langenbucher Achim , Seitz Berthold 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the potential role of keratometry on whole globes in situ of deceased patients by assessing its repeatability and comparing it with sterile donor tomography after excision and preservation in organ culture.

Methods
A sequence of 5 measurements was taken from 40 eyes in situ of deceased patients < 24 h after death using the portable Retinomax K-plus 3 (Bon, Tokyo, Japan). Keratometry of whole globes in situ, from which sclerocorneal discs were taken for organ culture, was compared to those obtained after measuring these sclerocorneal disks through their cell culture flask in medium I after 5 ± 4 days using the anterior segment optical coherence tomograph Casia 2 (Tomey Corp., Nagoya, Japan), and to 964 different donor corneas in medium II.

Results
Cronbach’s alpha of the in situ keratometry was 0.891 and 0.942 for the steepest and flattest corneal power (P). The steepest (44.5D) and flattest (41.1D) P as well as the astigmatism (3.4D) of in situ corneas remained unchanged after preserving sclerocorneal discs in medium I (respectively 44.7D [p = 0.09]; 41.4D [p = 0.17]; 3.3D [p = 0.09]). The comparison of the in situ values with the 964 measured different donor corneas in medium II showed significantly (p < 0.001) higher P at the steep (45.4D) and flat (43.9D) meridian and smaller astigmatism (1.4D) for sterile donor tomography.

Conclusions
Measuring deceased patients’ eyes in situ with the portable Retinomax K-plus 3 represents a feasible and reliably repeatable screening method in the eye bank. In comparison to donor tomography in medium I, it measures a similar power and astigmatism.