bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A short–term pretreatment with insulin and glucose efficiently protected the kidney against Ischemia-Reperfusion injury via the P-AKT-Bax-Caspase-3 signaling pathway in mice
Authors: Sun Liwei , Bing Hailong , Zhang Chengxi , Lin Lin , Lian Hongkai , Chu Qinjun , Jin Xiaogao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study investigated whether pretreatment with insulin and glucose protects the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).
Methods
Kidney IRI was performed in C57BL/6 mice by clamping the renal vessels for 30 min, followed by re-perfusion for 24 h. A total subcutaneous 0.1 unit of insulin along with 10% glucose in drinking water was treated on the mice for 24 h before kidney IRI. The kidney function and injuries were investigated through the determination of BUN and Cr in blood plasma, as well as the apoptosis and the expression of P-AKT, BAX, and caspase-3 in the kidneys. The role of P-AKT in insulin-treated IRI kidneys was tested using an AKT inhibitor. The effects of the pretreatment duration of insulin and glucose on IRI kidneys were investigated by expanding the treatment duration to 1, 3, and 6 days.
Results
Pretreatment with insulin and glucose protected the kidney against IRI through a decrease in Cr and BUN concentration in plasma and a reduction of kidney injuries. The protection effect was related to the signaling pathway of P-AKT-BAX-caspase-3. An AKT inhibitor partially reversed the protective effects of insulin pretreatment. The pretreatment duration for 1, 3, and 6 days had no differences in improving kidney functions and pathology.
Conclusion
A short-term pretreatment with insulin and glucose protected the kidney from IRI through the activation of p-AKT and subsequent reduction of BAX-caspase-3-induced apoptosis. The short-term pretreatment provides a practicable strategy for protecting the kidney against predictable IRI, such as major operations with high hypotension incidence.
A non-invasive protocol for the treatment of gastro-mediastinal or gastro-pleural fistula after esophagogastrectomy
Authors: Bi Yonghua , Wang Yang , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: We aimed to study the safety and efficacy of three tubes with or without covered esophageal stent placement for the management of gastro-mediastinal or gastro-pleural fistula.
Methods: We retrospectively assessed the clinical data of 31 consecutive patients with gastro-mediastinal or gastro-pleural fistula treated by using a non-invasive protocol. Patients received three tubes (jejunal feeding tube, gastrointestinal drainage tube and abscess drainage tube) with or without esophageal covered stent placement. All patients received continue abscess drainage and nutritional support after procedure. The tubes and/or esophageal covered stents were removed after fistula healing.
Results: All patients received three tubes placement and 11 patients with lumenal narrowing received esophageal covered stent placement. Technically success was found in all patients, with no perioperative death, esophageal rupture or massive hemorrhage. Abscess cavity disappeared in 22 patients, with a clinical success rate of 71.0%. All patients received esophageal stent placement were cured and stents were removed, for the median duration of 1.6 months (IQR 1.4, 3.7). Three patients showed clinical improved, with markedly decreased abscess cavity and markedly shrunk fistula. The median survival was 30.8 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 71.1%, 46.1% and 39.5%, respectively.
Conclusions: A non-invasive protocol of three tubes with or without covered esophageal stent placement is safe and effective for gastro-mediastinal or gastro-pleural fistula after esophagogastrectomy.
High Side-Mode Suppression Ratio with a Vernier effect Single-mode Laser Using Triple Coupled Microrings
Authors: Jahangiri Milad , Moradiani Fatemeh , Parsanasab Gholam-Mohammad , Mirmohammadi Mohsen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The development of single-mode lasers with a high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is challenging but highly desirable for integrated photonics devices and long-distance communications due to its high spectral purity and stability. Here, we demonstrate a single-mode laser with a high side-mode suppression ratio based on size-mismatched triple coupled microrings. With the exact engineering of several key parameters of the structure like air gap and radii of microrings for controlling the free spectral range (FSR), a predominant mode is selected to lase in amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of the gain material and all side and high order modes are suppressed by Vernier effect. In this work, we show that a single-mode operation is efficiently generated with an improved side-mode suppression ratio of over 20 dB in a three-ring-coupled microcavity laser. The single frequency output persists for a wide power range. The theoretical calculations and numerical simulations’ results confirm the validity of the experimental results. Our structural engineering creates new opportunities in a variety of frontier applications in single-mode lasers and high quality sensors.
Copper oxide wire particles alone or associated with closantel: increase in the immune and antioxidant response in lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus
Authors:   1 Andressa Salvadori Schafer,   2 Cássia Bagolin Silva,   3 Raqueli Teresinha França,   4 Juliana Sorraila Oliveira,   5 Guilherme Lopes Dornelles,   6 Camila Benaduce Emanuelli Mello,   7 Luana Pereira Magni,   8 Rafael Francisco Santos,   9 Erico Marlon Moraes Flores,   10 Antônio Francisco Igor Magalhães de Matos Igor Magalhães de Matos,   11 Lucas Trevisam Gressler,   12 Eduarda Maria Trentin Santi,   13 Thiago Duarte,   14 Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Duarte,   15 Matheus Dellaméa Baldissera,   16 Marta Lizandra Do Rego Leal,   17 Silvia Gonzalez Monteiro,   18 Cinthia Melazzo Andrade
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The aims of this study were to measure oxidative stress, immunological responses, parasite counts and copper concentrations in plasma and livers of lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and treated with copper oxide wire particles (COWP), either isolated or associated with the anthelmintic agent closantel. We randomly divided 30 Corriedale lambs were into five groups (six animals each): uninfected animals (Control); animals infected with H. contortus (HC); infected and treated with closantel (HC + CL); infected and treated with COWP (HC + Cu); and infected and treated with closantel plus COWP (HC + CL + Cu). All animals in the experimental groups were infected orally with H. contortus (5,000 larvae - L3). On day 14 post-infection, the treatments were initiated. The animals infected with H. contortus showed reductions in levels of non-protein thiols and glutathione as well as lower catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in serum and tissues compared to the control group. The COWP treatment reversed these alterations and significantly increased antioxidant parameters. Treatments reduced levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in serum and tissues. The lambs supplemented with COWP had higher levels of IgG and IgE than did the other groups, suggesting an immune response to the infection. Copper concentrations in plasma accorded with the physiological values and the animals did not present any laboratory alterations related to copper intoxication. All treatments showed anthelmintic effects manifested as lower parasite counts in infected and treated animals. These findings suggest that COWP supplementation stimulated antioxidant effects and increased immune responses in lambs with haemonchosis. COWP associated with closantel may effective for lambs infected with H. contortus, considering reasonable synergism of the commercial product with the mineral, resulting in a reduction of 100% in parasite counts.
Removal of Cobalt and Strontium in Aqueous Solution by Adsorption using Brewer’s Spent Grain
Authors: Lee Hyung-Wook , Jeon Han-Gyeol , Kim Kyoung-Woong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One byproduct of brewing beer is Brewer’s spent grain (BSG), which is reused in animal feed. However, BSG has valuable potential for other products such as biochar because of its high protein and fiber content. Radioactive waste is one of the biggest concerns in Korea because of the permanent shutdown of the Gori nuclear power plant. In this study, we aimed to used BSG-850, a biochar originating from BSG after pyrolysis, for the adsorption of cobalt (Co) and strontium (Sr), which are two radionuclides that contribute to radioactive waste. At 298 K, BSG-850 exhibited adsorption capacities of 3.304 and 1.462 mg/g for Co and Sr, respectively. At 308 K, BSG-850 exhibited adsorption capacities of 4.659 and 2.54 mg/g for Co and Sr, respectively. At 318 K, BSG-850 exhibited adsorption capacities of 5.516 and 3.036 mg/g for Co and Sr, respectively. The reusability of BSG-850 capacity was 75.3, 47.8, 43.6, and 36.2% for Co after 1, 2, 3, and 4 cycles, respectively. For Sr adsorption, the capacity was 93.6, 84.2, 57.2, and 32.7% after 1, 2, 3, and 4 cycles, respectively. In the presence of other competitive ions, the adsorption capacity decreased. Through this research, the adsorption capacity and adsorption properties of BSG-origin biochar for Co and Sr were confirmed. Thus, BSG may be a desirable option for solving radioactive waste problems.
Coexistent Sarcoidosis Mimics Metastasis in a Patient with Early-stage Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: a Case Report
Authors: 赵 湘 , 程 元 , 王 魏 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Granulomatous disease is difficult to differential from metastasis cancer, Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease, bone involve is rarely reported.
Case presentation: We report a patient who suspected advanced lung cancer with metastasis mediastinal lymph node and bilateral ilium. However, ilium biopsy showed sarcoidosis involvement. Bronchoscopy and EBUSrevealed adenocarcinoma in right upper lobe lung, with negative mediastinal lymph node. A pathologic analysis of the resected lung tissues led to the correct staging of lung cancer.
Conclusions: coexistent sarcoidosis may mimic metastasis lung cancer, a multidisciplinary team and sequential diagnostic biopsies may avoid unnecessary surgery or insufficient treatments.
Tail Parameter Estimation using Non-Linear Regression on Tail Model Plots
Authors: Beirlant Jan , Bladt Martin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The identification of an appropriate statistical model is a critical first step in many statistical analyses, including the estimation of extreme values. Probability and quantile plotting is often used to visualize the data and identify patterns that suggest an appropriate model. In extreme value estimation, some estimators of tail parameters can conveniently be interpreted as slope estimators in case of linear plots. One popular estimator for tail parameters is the Hill estimator, which can be viewed as an estimator of the slope in a log-log plot near the largest observations when a linear pattern appears in that area. This paper proposes a novel approach that generalizes the existing linear regression approach to non-linear regression, enabling the identification of appropriate tail models for basic distributions such as Pareto, log-normal, and Weibull models. Specifically, the proposed methodology uses the slope and non-linearity parameters to determine an appropriate tail model and support the estimation of important tail characteristics, such as extreme quantiles and return periods of extreme events.
Prevalence and Practices of Self-medication With Antibiotics Among Nursing Students at a Training Institution in Western Uganda
Authors: Nankya Shanitah , Musinguzi Puis , Arishaba Adella , Najjuma¹ Josephine Nambi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Self-medication is one of the leading causes of inappropriate antibiotic use practices. This leads to antimicrobial resistance which results into anti-microbial related deaths. The aim of the study was to determine the self-medication practices and their prevalence among nursing students at certificate and diploma level at a health training institution in south western Uganda.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires among certificate and diploma nursing students. A total of 358 nursing students participated in the study.
Results: More than half of the nursing students, 85.7% (307) reported to have practiced self-medication. It was also noted that 91.5 % (237) and 69.5% (66) of certificate nursing students diploma nursing students respectively practiced self-medication. Most students, 50.8% (182) based their choice of the antibiotic to use on own experience with the antibiotic used before. Also 39.9% (143) students reported to have been getting their antibiotics mainly from the community pharmacist and 31.4% (112) from drug shop. The most commonly used antibiotics for self-medication included amoxyl and metronidazole. Change of dosage during course of treatment and switching of antibiotics during course of treatment were some of the self-medication was reported.
Conclusion: Self-medication practices are very common among nursing students. It is a major public health problem as it is associated with inappropriate antibiotic use practices, antimicrobial resistance and related deaths.
RAD51AP1 as an immune-related prognostic biomarker and therapeutic response predictor in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lan Chenlu , Wei Yongguang , Wang Xiangkun , Zhou Xin , Liao Xiwen , Huang Huangsheng , Wei Zhongliu , Li Tianman , Peng Tao , Zhu Guangzhi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
RAD51 associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1) has been showed that regulated cell proliferation and cancer progression. However, the immune infiltrating correlation and therapeutics guidance of RAD51AP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still need further investigation. In this study, differential expression, clinicopathologic correlation, prognostic value, and function enrichment analysis of RAD51AP1 were performed in TCGA, GSE14520, GSE76427 and ICGC datasets and were validated using Guangxi cohort. We explored the predictive value of RAD51AP1 to therapeutics response comprehensively and probed the correlation between RAD51AP1 and HCC immunoinfiltration by CIBERSORT and ssGSEA. RAD51AP1 with a high diagnostic accuracy was significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues. The shorter survival time and poorer clinical features were showed when RAD51AP1 upregulated. A nomogram featuring RAD51AP1 and clinicopathologic factors was established to predict OS of HCCs. RAD51AP1 might be engaged in the carcinogenic and celluar cycle processes. In CIBERSORT analysis, higher T cells follicular helper but lower T cells CD4 + memory resting infiltrations were exhibited when RAD51AP1 upregulated. T demonstrated that High-RAD51AP1 expression subgroup had higher macrophages, Th2 and Treg cells infiltration, but lower type Ⅱ IFN response function in ssGSEA analysis, exhibited the upregulated immune-related checkpoint expression levels, lower IPS and TIDE scores, suggesting a better immunotherapy response, and may be more susceptible to Bexarotene, Doxorubicin, Gemcitabine and Tipifarnib. Taken together, RAD51AP1 mediating the immunosuppressive microenvironment is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and could be underlying HCC treatment strategy.
Testicular Rosai-Dorfman disease clonally related to CMML – case report and literature review
Authors: Fiegl August , Dirnhofer Stefan , Juskevicius Darius , Zagrapan Branislav , Dertinger Susanne , Bösl Andreas , Milos Stella , Brunner Jürgen , Bertolini Franz , Offner Felix A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with heterogenous clinical features, arises from precursor cells that give rise to cells of the histiocytic and monocytic lineages. An association with hematological neoplasms has been reported. Testicular RDD is rarely described, with only 9 reported cases in the literature. Genetic data to assess clonal relationships between RDD and other hematological neoplasms remain scarce. We describe an instance of testicular RDD against a background of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), with genetic studies in both neoplasms.
Case presentation: A 72-year-old patient with a history of CMML sought evaluation of growing bilateral testicular nodules. Solitary testicular lymphoma was suspected; orchidectomy was performed. The diagnosis of testicular RDD was established morphologically and confirmed immunohistochemically. Molecular analysis of testicular lesions and of archived patient bone marrow revealed the KRAS variant c.35G>A / p.G12D in both, suggesting a clonal relationship.
Conclusion: These observations support classifying RDD as a neoplasm that can be clonally related to myeloid neoplasms.
Comprehensive characterization and detection of nut allergens in bakery foods using Q–TOF mass spectrometry and bioinformatics
Authors: Xu Daokun , Huang Haolun , Liu Zhen , Wang Yumei , Liu Qinan , Jiang Xing , Ling Rui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Influence of CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 genetic variants on the biological effect of malaria treatment with primaquine in G6PD- deficient and G6PD-normal patients
Authors: Macêdo Marielle Machado , Almeida Anne Cristine Gomes , Barbosa Laila Rowena , Laco Ana Carolina Shuan , Melo Gisely Cardoso , Silva Gabrielly S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
In the Amazon, Plasmodium vivax is the prevalent malaria parasite, and the standard treatment is chloroquine combined with primaquine. However, this regimen is limited because of the risk of acute hemolytic anemia (AHA) in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient individuals (G6PDd). CYP2D6 is a key enzyme that is involved in the metabolism of a large number of drugs. Primaquine is a prodrug that requires conversion by the CYP2D6 enzyme in order to be effective against malaria. Furthermore, interaction with cytochrome P450 (CYP) liver enzymes of some pharmacogenes, such as CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 associated with PQ metabolism, may enhance, or reduce its biotransformation.
Methods
A series of cases were followed-up at an infectious diseases reference hospital in the Western Brazilian Amazon. The inclusion criteria were patients of either sex, > 6 months of age, diagnosed with vivax malaria, treated with PQ and presence of hemolysis after treatment. The STANDARD G6PD (SD Biosensor®) assay was used to test G6PD status, and real-time PCR was used to genotype G6PD, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4.
Results
Eighteen patients were included, of which 55.6% had the African A- variant (G202A/A376G), 11.1% the African A + variant (A376G), 5.6% the Mediterranean variant (C563T) and 27.8% were the wild type. CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 genotyping showed no statistically significant differences in the frequency of star alleles between the groups (p > 0.05). Elevated levels of liver and kidney markers in the G6PDd patients were observed in gNM, gRM and gUM of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
These findings reinforce the importance of studies on the mapping of G6PD deficiency and CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 genetic variations. This mapping will allow us to validate the prevalence of CYPs and determining their influence on the hemolytic process in vivax malaria patients, and will aid in decisions regarding the appropriate treatment regimen, thereby avoiding complications caused by the breakdown of PQ by CYP.
Prognostic Significance of Circulating Basophil Counts in Patients Who Underwent Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Maruyama Suguru , Okamura Akihiko , Kanie Yasukazu , Kuriyama Kengo , Sakamoto Kei , Kanamori Jun , Imamura Yu , Watanabe Masayuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Recent reports have suggested that basophils influence allergic reactions and tumor immunity. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the association between preoperative circulating basophil (CB) counts and the outcomes of patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.
Methods: A total of 783 consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer were eligible. The clinicopathological factors and prognoses were compared between the groups stratified by the preoperative counts of CB.
Results: There were more advanced clinical T and N stages in the low CB group than in the high CB group (P = 0.01 and = 0.04, respectively). The incidences of postoperative complications were comparable between the groups. The low CB count was associated with unfavorable overall and recurrence-free survivals (P = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, low CB count was one of the independent prognostic factors for poor recurrence-free survival (HR 1.30; 95% CI 1.02–1.66; P = 0.04). In addition, hematogenous recurrence occurred more frequently in the low CB group than in the high CB group (57.6% vs. 41.4%, P = 0.04).
Conclusion: A preoperative low CB count was an unfavorable prognosticator in patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.
The conjunction of uncommon diagnoses: a case report of concomitant lymphomatoid granulomatosis and pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Giachetti Nicolas , Bellal Sarah , Schwarz Marianne , Paillassa Jérôme , Clavert Aline , Hunault-Berger Mathilde , Safa Firas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background:
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare and atypical EBV induced B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Clinical manifestations are mainly respiratory, with nodular infiltrates, varying in number and size being responsible for respiratory distress. Cutaneous, hepatic, or neurological involvement is also possible with the disease. Lymphatic involvement is uncommon. Although pathogenesis is not clearly elucidated, quantitative or qualitative cellular immunodepression is thought to be a main factor. Here, we report a case of concomitant LYG and pulmonary tuberculosis in an elderly woman.
Case presentation:
An 80-year-old woman presented to the emergency unit for steadily increasing dyspnea, with a workup revealing bilateral nodules and mediastinal lymph node enlargement on chest imaging, associated with a mildly elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). She had no relevant prior medical history and no known immunodepression. Empiric antibiotic therapy was initially started with amoxicillin-clavulanate, which was later combined to azithromycin following respiratory deterioration. A CT-guided lung biopsy showed grade I lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Treatment with corticosteroids and weekly rituximab was initiated, leading to a rapid improvement of respiratory symptoms. After the second dose of rituximab, initially collected sputum cultures were found positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rituximab was suspended and antituberculous treatment was initiated. Rituximab was restarted once tuberculosis was controlled. Follow-up imaging later showed adequate control of both infectious and hematological diseases with at least a partial remission of the lymphomatoid granulomatosis.
Conclusions:
This case report highlights both diagnosis and therapeutic challenges in a rare but plausible situation. Lymph-node involvement in lymphomatoid granulomatosis should always be questioned in LYG as it is seldom seen in the disease. Finally, pathologic confirmation for LYG should not eliminate the need for a comprehensive workup to eliminate other differential diagnoses with management-changing potential.