bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistencia de genotipos de ñame Dioscorea spp a la antracnosis Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz
Authors: Campo Arana Rodrigo Orlando , Obando Echevarría Martín , Pérez Polo Dairo 
Published: July 2023

El ñame Dioscorea spp., es un cultivo de importancia económica en el Caribe colombiano, hace parte de la dieta alimenticia y del sustento para los productores. La antracnosis Colletotrichum gloeosporioides es una de las enfermedades más limitantes de la producción del ñame, reportándose en Colombia pérdidas entre el 50 y 100 %. Se evaluó la resistencia a la antracnosis en 84 accesiones de D. alata y 28 de D. rotundata, pertenecientes a la colección de ñame de la Universidad de Córdoba, a los 120, 150 y 180 días después de la siembra (DDS), empleando una escala de severidad de 0-6. Las accesiones fueron clasificadas por su resistencia, empleando el método de la suma de rangos del área bajo la curva de progreso ABCPE y el método de la severidad a los 120, 150 y 180 DDS. Se ajustó La severidad a los 180 DDS tuvo fuerte relación lineal r = 0,99 con la variable integral área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad ABCPE y la tasa de progreso de la enfermedad TPE. La clasificación de la resistencia por el método de la suma de rangos fue la más eficiente identificando en D. alata 18 accesiones resistentes R, 24 moderadamente resistente MR, 26 moderadamente susceptible MS y 16 susceptibles S. En la especie D. rotundata se identificaron 5 accesiones R, 8 MR, 8 MS, 6 S. La colección de ñame de la Universidad de Córdoba tiene accesiones con resistencia a la antracnosis, siendo importante iniciar con estas accesiones trabajos de mejoramiento, para identificar sus características agronómicas.
Screening Ethanol-Producing Yeast Origin from Pineapple Honey Ananas comosus (L.) Merr var Quenn
Authors: Sutoyo Sutoyo , Siswanto Siswanto 
Published: July 2023

The availability of fossil-based fuels will gradually decrease while the amount required increases. This has prompted research to find alternative energy sources, including bioethanol. Bioethanol, as an alternative energy source, can be used as a transportation fuel better than fossil-based fuels because ethanol has a high octane number, laminar velocity and heat of vaporisation. Meanwhile, the level of carbon and hydrocarbon emissions is low so it can increase combustion efficiency in vehicles. In addition, the use of bioethanol as fuel is environmentally friendly and renewable. Ethanol can be produced through a fermentation process using ethanol-producing yeast. Pineapple honey is known for its high sugar and other nutrient content, so it is supposed that many types of yeast can grow well in it. This study aims to isolation and screening of bioethanol-producing yeast from Pineapple Honey. This study was carried out by yeast isolation method, primary yeast screening, secondary yeast screening, and characterisation of selected yeast isolates. Data on ethanol production by yeast isolates were analysed by ANOVA with α=0.05 using the R studio program. This primary isolation and screening phase found eight yeast isolates capable of fermenting glucose and producing acid and gas in the test medium. Test ethanol production in DPE medium with 18% glucose content on all isolates showed that all isolates could produce ethanol with a range of 4.20-10.35%. Isolates of IK4 showed the highest ethanol production ability (10.35%) (p<0.5%) in significant contrast to the other seven isolates. Based on macroscopic and microscopic morphological characterisations, IKM 4 isolates show similarities to the genus Saccharomyces
Keywords: ethanol, pineapple, yeasts
Azimuthal Prestack Seismic Anisotropic Inversion on a Deep and Tight Carbonate Reservoir From the North Potwar Basin of Pakistan
Authors: Durrani Muhammad Zahid Afzal , Rahman Syed Atif , Talib Maryam , Subhani Ghulam , Sarosh Bakhtawer 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Quantitative characterization of deep, tight, and heterogeneous reservoirs plays an important role in identifying hydrocarbon pathways for effective and optimal reservoir field development. In this case study, we used an azimuthal prestack seismic anisotropic inversion approach to estimate attributes of horizontal transverse isotropy (HTI) caused by a set of vertical fractures, oriented cracks, and stress. Anisotropic inversion facilitated the conversion of interface properties to the corresponding layer-based properties, which led to the quantitative interpretation of reservoir properties related to azimuthal variation in seismic amplitudes. To estimate the anisotropy magnitude and the direction of the isotropy axis in HTI media, elastic properties (P-impedance and Vp/Vs) obtained from prestack seismic inversion (using six azimuth × four angle stack) served as inputs. The isotropic low-frequency model (LFM) is used as the foundation of the inversion for all azimuths, and the anisotropy effects are later added by updating the model along the azimuths. The direction of the isotropy plane resulting from the anisotropic inversion is determined by using the maximum horizontal stress as a prior constraint, which eliminates any inherent uncertainty. The workflow used effectively characterized the orientation and density of fractures from the recently discovered oilfield reservoirs of the Paleocene (Lockhart) formation located in Pakistan’s north Potwar Basin. It also helped improve the prediction accuracy for fractures in the study area. According to the observations (fractures) from the exploratory drilled well (D1) in the tight carbonate (Lockhart) reservoir, a significant amount of anisotropy magnitude is observed. This provides the basis for hydrocarbon exploration, field development, and reliable drilling decisions.
The metabolites of light: untargeted metabolomic approaches bring new clues to understand light-driven acclimation of intertidal mudflat biofilm.
Authors: Doose Caroline , Hubas Cédric 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The microphytobenthos (MPB), a microbial community of primary producers, play a key role in coastal ecosystem functioning, particularly in intertidal mudflats. These mudflats experience challenging variations of irradiance, forcing the micro-organisms to develop photoprotective mechanisms to survive and thrive in this dynamic environment. Two major adaptations to light are well described in literature: the excess of light energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and the vertical migration in the sediment. These mechanisms trigger a lot of scientific interest, but the biological processes and metabolic mechanisms involved in light-driven vertical migration remain largely unknown. To our knowledge, this study investigates for the first time metabolomic responses of a migrational mudflat biofilm exposed for 30 min to a light gradient of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from 50 to 1000 µmol photons m−2 s−1. The untargeted metabolomic analysis allowed to identify metabolites involved in two types of responses to light irradiance levels. On the one hand, the production of SFAs and MUFAs, primarily derived from bacteria, indicates a healthy photosynthetic state of MPB under low light (LL) and medium light (ML) conditions. Conversely, when exposed to high light (HL), the MPB experienced light-induced stress, triggering the production of alka(e)nes and fatty alcohols. The physiological and ecological roles of these compounds are poorly described in literature. This study sheds new light on the topic, as it suggests that these compounds may play a crucial and previously unexplored role in light-induced stress acclimatation of migrational MPB biofilms. Since alka(e)nes are produced from FAs decarboxylation, these results thus emphasize for the first time the importance of FAs pathways in microphytobenthic biofilms acclimation to light.
Lethal and sublethal heat-exposure of bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) causes alarm pheromone emission and elicits a movement response in nearby recipients
Authors: Ashbrook Aaron , Feder Jeffrey , Bennett Gary , Ginzel Matthew , Gondhalekar Ameya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Many gregarious insect species use aggregation and alarm pheromones. The bed bug, Cimex lectularius L., emits an alarm pheromone (AP), a 70/30 blend of (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-octenal, when threatened. Bed bugs avoid heated areas above 43 °C, which are lethal to bugs and used commercially as spatial heat treatments to manage infestations. However, the interaction of bed bug AP in heat avoidance has not been investigated. The goal of this research was to: 1) determine if bed bugs emit AP as an alarm response to heat exposure, and 2) quantify the behavioral responses of conspecifics to AP emitted by heat-exposed bed bugs. Using a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometer, we found that bed bugs responded to lethal and sublethal heat exposure by emitting AP. The Harlan laboratory population emitted more pheromone than a laboratory adapted field population from McCall, FL. Harlan females emitted the most AP, followed by Harlan males, McCall females and males. In separate behavioral experiments, we showed that conspecifics (i.e., recipients) reacted to AP released by heat exposed bed bugs (i.e., emitters) by frantically moving within 50 mm and 100 mm test arenas. The Harlan recipients reacted to AP in 100 mm areas, whereas the McCall strain did not, indicating a short area of effectiveness of the AP. Synthetic AP components tested in behavioral experiments caused identical effects as the natural AP blend released by heat-exposed bed bugs.
Vacuum Expansion and Collapse Inside an Infinite Shell
Authors: Laforet Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The FRW model of cosmology assumes a Universe with uniform pressure and density everywhere in space at a given time. But at the largest scales, the Universe has a web-like structure surrounding large voids, violating these assumptions. Furthermore, a given region of spacetime is describable only by a single metric and therefore it cannot be that the Universe is modelled as an FRW perfect fluid since this would be the incorrect description of both the web and the voids. The cosmic web must be described by metrics with non-zero energy-momentum tensors with non-uniform pressure and density describing the matter within it. Therefore, the model of cosmology describing the expansion of the Universe must be a vacuum solution describing the empty spaces in the Universe surrounded by an infinite, massive shell (the surrounding Universe). The internal Schwarzschild metric is the model for these vacua. A detailed analysis of falling frames in the external metric in Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates shows that the source of the Schwarzschild metric is at the event horizon, a location/time of infinite density, not at the singularity, as it is currently assumed. The spatial homogeneity of the internal metric is demonstrated by visualizing the geometry in Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates (visualized in 1+2 dimensions) as well as examining the Killing vectors for the internal spacetime. Using the coordinate age of the Universe and transition redshift, this predicts the accelerated expansion, the Hubble diagram fits currently available cosmological data, and it gives a Hubble constant H_0 of 71.6km/s/Mpc. The angular term of the metric describes the relativistic kinematic precession effect known as Thomas Precession which can be interpreted as spin about the time dimension.
Variable Speed Drive Applications Performing Effectively with ANN Technique
Authors: Arumugam Sathish Kumar , R Saravanan , S Vasanthi , R Raja 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The preservation of variable speed drives at ripple and harmonic less output functions at different applications application is vital. The variable speed drive applications involve the use of different converter topologies, which makes the system to reduced efficiency and leads to reduced performance. A modern development in power electronic technologies makes the proficient control schemes to obtain a ripple and harmonic less variable speed drives. The proper selection and arrangement of control scheme may enhance the performance and efficiency of the speed drives. Various control topologies are suggested elsewhere in the world to obtain the effective performance of the variable speed drive applications. Each control strategy may have its own merits and demerits compared to other techniques. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based technique is made a significant importance in recent years and showing enhanced performance variation compared to other existing control strategies. This paper presents the design of 15 level inverter circuits and functioned using artificial neural network (ANN) control technique to obtain the effective performance for various speed drive applications. Also, this paper presents the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) control technique and fuzzy logic control techniques to same 15 level multilevel inverter circuit. The results of three, ANN, SVPWM and fuzzy logic techniques are compared and made suggestions on suitable effective control technique for variable speed drive applications.
Influence of Wetland and Landscape Characteristics on Freshwater Turtle Relative Abundance and Movement Patterns in West Virginia, USA
Authors: Becker Darien N. , Brown Donald J. , Anderson James T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Wetland management practices often alter habitat characteristics to improve the function of the wetland (e.g., removing emergent vegetation for aesthetics or dredging for fish stocking), potentially at the cost of reducing habitat quality for wetland-dependent species such as freshwater turtles. We identified wetland and surrounding landscape characteristics related to painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) and snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) relative abundance and snapping turtle movement among wetlands. We surveyed turtles at 36 wetland sites (0.04–7.45 ha) in a mixed-use watershed in north-central West Virginia, USA, where hardwood forests and wetlands have been heavily fragmented by agriculture and roads. We also applied radio transmitters to 40 adult snapping turtles (20 females and 20 males) across 20 wetlands. Snapping turtle relative abundance was positively associated with wetland perimeter, mean substrate depth, mean wetland vegetation cover, and minimum distance from roads, while painted turtle relative abundance was positively related to herbaceous wetland cover. We documented movement among wetlands for 25 snapping turtles (63%), including 12 females and 13 males. The probability of inter-wetland movement decreased with wetland perimeter length and distance to the nearest wetland. Our results suggest that large wetlands with deep substrate and abundant herbaceous vegetation provide high-quality habitat for our focal turtle species and that increasing the density of wetlands could increase snapping turtle population connectivity.
Pressure Injury Treatment by Intermittent Electrical Stimulation (PROTECT-2): Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Donaldson Chase , de Abreu Marcelo Gama , Mascha Edward , Rowbottom James , Harvester Eric , Khanna Ashish , Sura Tanmay , Sessler Daniel , Patarroyo Fabio Rodriguez , Zajic Paul , Chauhan Utkarsh , Essber Hani , Kurz Andrea 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Pressure ulcers account for a substantial fraction of hospital-acquired pathology, with consequent morbidity and economic cost. Treatments are largely focused on preventing further injury, whereas interventions that facilitate healing remain limited. Intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) increases local blood flow and redistributes pressure from muscle-bone interfaces, thus potentially reducing ulcer progression and facilitating healing.
Methods: Pressure Injury Treatment by Intermittent Electrical Stimulation (PROTECT-2) trial will be a parallel-arm multicenter randomized trial to test the hypothesis that IES combined with routine care reduces sacral and ischial pressure injury over time compared to routine care alone. We plan to enroll 1100 patients across various centers. Hospitalized patients with stage 1 or stage 2 sacral or ischial pressure injuries will be randomized to IES and routine care or routine care alone. Wound stage will be followed until death, discharge, or the development of an exclusion criteria for up to 3 months. The primary endpoint will be pressure injury score measured over time.
Discussion: Sacral and ischial pressure injuries present a burden to ICU patients with both clinical and economic consequences. The PROTECT-2 trial will evaluate whether IES is an effective intervention and thus reduces progression of stage 1 and stage 2 sacral and ischial pressure injuries.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05085288 Registered October 20, 2021
Paleomagnetic evidence for Neoarchean plate mobilism
Authors: Ding Jikai , Rogers Chris , Söderlund Ulf , Evans David , Gong Zheng , Ernst Richard , Chamberlain Kevin , Kilian Taylor 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Plate tectonics is a uniquely characteristic feature of Earth, but its proposed time of initiation is still controversial, with published estimates ranging from ca. 4.2 to 0.7 Ga. Paleomagnetic data can provide a robust argument for one essential aspect of plate tectonics: large-scale relative lateral motions of distinct, rigid crustal blocks. Previously, the oldest relative horizontal motion between two or more blocks was constrained to a broad age interval of ca. 2.7–2.17 Ga using paleomagnetic data. In this study, we obtain a robust ca. 2.48 Ga paleomagnetic pole from Wyoming craton. Combining this result with the ca. 2.7–2.17 Ga apparent polar wander paths from Wyoming and Superior cratons, we suggest that they assembled during ca. 2.7–2.5 Ga and remained directly juxtaposed until ca. 2.17 Ga. Tectonostratigraphic data and geological proxies also suggest Wyoming and Superior collided at ca. 2.6 Ga. The results provide strong evidence for relative horizontal motion between crustal blocks during the Neoarchean. Together with other tectonic proxies, the data suggest plate mobilism in operation prior to 2.5 Ga.
Transesterification with CE15 glucuronoyl esterase from Cerrena Unicolor reveals substrate specificity
Authors: Perna Valentina , Agger Jane Wittrup 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Glucuronoyl esterases (GE) belonging to family CE15 catalyse the cleavage of ester-linked lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) in lignocellulosic biomass which exist between the glucuronoyl substitutions of glucuronoxylan and an alcohol on lignin. It is unknown exactly what the enzymes prefer in terms of the alcohol moiety of the substrate, either in the α-benzyl or in the γ-benzyl position. This relates directly to where the ester-LCCs are located on the lignin molecule, and has consequences for how the enzymes potentially interact with lignin. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how transesterification reactions with a fungal GE from Cerrena Unicolor (CuGE) can reveal the preferences for the type of alcohol. By providing the enzyme with a donor substrate (the methyl ester of either glucuronate or 4-O-methyl-glucuronate) and either one of two acceptor molecules (benzyl alcohol or 3-phenyl-1-propanol) we show that the enzyme preferentially forms the corresponding γ-ester from the methyl ester of 4-O-methyl-glucuronate and 3-phenyl-1-propanol. The results reveal that the enzyme’s substrate preferences are primarily dictated by the presence of the 4-O-methylation on the glucuronoyl donor, and secondly on the type of alcohol.
A versatile programmable gain amplifier with wide dynamic range and low power consumption
Authors: Boora Aasish , Thangarasu Bharatha Kumar , Seng Yeo Kiat 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A tuneable gain analog amplifier is a primary building block in RF receivers specially to achieve high dynamic range. Here, we present a wide dB-linear gain range and low power programmable gain amplifier (PGA) fabricated in 40nm CMOS process, which exploits the exponential approximation of the MOS transistor in sub-threshold region. As a result, our PGA achieved one of the widest dB-linearity of 76 dB for 32 digital gain settings and a gain error of less than ± 0.5 dB and consumes only 167 µW of power from a 1.1 V supply. The proposed PGA has dual-mode gain tunability using analog voltage control and 5-bit digital control. At the maximum gain setting, the PGA exhibits a bandwidth of 1.1 MHz and output P1dB of -4.7 dBm. The PGA design is first of its kind attributing to its low-power consumption, wide dB-linear dynamic range, and dual-mode tunability. The novel design enables this PGA as a versatile and an effective block in RF integrated circuits.
Differential T-cell and monocyte responses in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with regorafenib plus nivolumab: an integrated clinical and biomarker analysis of the phase 2 RENOBATE trial
Authors: Yoo Changhoon , Kim Hyung-Don , Jung Seyoung , Koh June-Young , Lim Ho Yeong , Ryoo Baek-Yeol , Ryu Min-Hee , Finn Richard , Hong Jung Yong , Lee Han Chu , Moon Deok-Bog , Kim Ki-Hoon , Kim Tae Won , Lee Jeong Seok , Kang Beodeul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this phase 2 REBNOBATE trial, we evaluated regorafenib-nivolumab as front-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Patients (n = 42) received nivolumab 480 mg every 4 weeks, and regorafenib 80 mg daily (3-weeks on/1-week off schedule). Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from early progressors (progressively increased tumor burden) and long-term responders (response/stable disease for ≥ 10 months). The overall response rate in the study was 31.0%, with a median progression-free survival of 7.4 months and a 1-year overall survival rate of 80.5%. Regorafenib-nivolumab was well-tolerated (no new safety signal). Long-term responders exhibited T-cell receptor repertoire diversification; enrichment of genes representing immunotherapy-responsiveness and cytotoxicity in MKI67+ proliferating CD8+ T cells; and interaction between MKI67+ proliferating CD8+ T cells and classical monocytes through IFN-γ pathways with a higher probability of M1-directed polarization of monocytes. Classical monocytes from early progressors exhibited upregulation of TMEM176A/B coupled with an ineffective inflammasome response. Regorafenib-nivolumab is feasible as front-line treatment for uHCC. Our findings may support the development of biomarkers, or novel immunotherapies to overcome resistance in uHCC.
A new method for groundwater pollution investigation
Authors: TANG Yulan , Zhang Xiaohan , WANG Hongda , Li Wenlong , Huang Diannan , LI Ting 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrently, no methods are available to optimise the allocation of sampling points for groundwater contamination surveys at industrial plants without data for modelling analysis, which undoubtedly leads to increased sampling costs. Based on this lack of sampling data, the AHP-entropy weight method is improved and applied to construct a distribution model of groundwater pollution sampling points in a plant area, reduce the sampling scale and establish a new and optimised samplimg scheme. A chemical plant in Shenyang is selected for method validation and spatial interpolation analysis, and the following conclusions are drawn. (1) The new scheme can identify areas of contaminants and reduce sampling costs. (2) After reducing the sample size, the spatial distribution characteristics of each pollutant can still be clearly distinguished. (3) The interpolation-based predictions of some pollutants were improved, and the accuracy of the predictions of other pollutants was reduced within the permissible range. (4) The new sampling scheme is reasonable and feasible. The method provides a new approach for the investigation of underground pollution at industrial plants in small areas and can reduce costs while ensuring the representativeness of sampling points.