bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional analysis to elucidate the possible mechanism of bone metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Yao Kang , Xiaojun Zhu , Tinxiao Zhao , Shiyao Liao , Lichen Ji , Wei Zhang , Yanlei Li , Jinlong Tian , Xiaoyan Ding , Jun Zhang , Qing Bi , Jun Lv 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC) patients tend to suffer from distant metastasis, especially bone metastasis.
Methods
All the analysis based on open-accessed data was performed in R software, dependent on multiple algorithms and packages. The RNA levels of specific genes were detected using quantitative Real-time PCR as a method of detecting the RNA levels. In order to assess the ability of BC cells to proliferate, we utilized the CCK8 test, colony formation and the 5-Ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine assay. BC cells were evaluated for invasion and migration by using Transwell assays and wound healing assays.
Results
In our study, we identified the molecules involved in BC bone metastasis based on the data from multiple BC cohorts. Then, we comprehensively investigated the effect pattern and underlying biological role of these molecules. We found that in the identified molecules, the EMP1, ACKR3, ITGA10, MMP13, COL11A1, and THY1 were significantly correlated with patient prognosis and mainly expressed in CAFs. Therefore, we explored the CAFs in BC microenvironment. Results showed that CAFs could activate multiple carcinogenic pathways and most of these pathways play important role in cancer metastasis. Meanwhile, we noticed the interaction between CAFs and malignant, endothelial and M2 macrophage cells. Moreover, we found that CAFs could induce the remodeling of BC microenvironment and promote the malignant behavior of BC cells. Then, we identified MMP13 for further analysis. It was found that MMP13 can enhance the malignant phenotype of BC cells. Meanwhile, biological enrichment and immune infiltration analysis were conducted to present the effect pattern of MMP13 in BC.
Conclusions
Our result can improve the understanding of researchers on the underlying mechanisms of BC bone metastasis.
Application of ALSO Course in Standardized Training Resident in Obstetric
Authors: Li Zhiyue , Dan Lu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective To explore the teaching effect of Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) Course in the standardized training resident in obstetric.
Methods 60 residents of obstetrics from January 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups, observation group and control group. The experimental group used ALSO teaching method, and the control group used traditional teaching method. The teaching effect was evaluated by theoretical examination, direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) scale and mini clinical evaluation (Mini-CEX) scale.
Results The theoretical achievements of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The pre-procedural preparation, safe analgesia, technique of procedure, aseptic technique, seeks help when necessary, post-procedural management, communication skills, humanistic care and overall performance score of the DOPS in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The organization efficiency, humanistic qualities, manipulative skills, clinical judgment, medical interviewing skills and overall clinical competence score of the Mini-CEX in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusions ALSO teaching method has an ideal effect in the standardization training of residents of obstetrics, indicating the prospect of active in-depth research and expanded application.
Adjacent segment infection after posterior lumbar fusion surgery
Authors: Bao Yi , Han Gonghai , Chen Jiayu , Zhou Tiannan , Peng Zhi , Zhong Hui , Lu Sheng , Sun Xianrun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Study Design:
Retrospective study.
Objectives:
Adjacent segment infection after posterior lumbar fusion for noninfectious spinal surgery is rare. The incidence, etiology, and treatment of adjacent segment infections are rarely reported, and the objective of this study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of adjacent segment infection(ASI) in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion surgery for noninfectious spinal surgery.
Methods:
This retrospective study included patients who underwent lumbar decompression fusion surgery for the treatment of noninfectious lumbar spine diseases between 2008–2020. Clinical data collected from the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province included sex, age, comorbidities, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores, and adjacent segment infections (ASIs).
Results:
A total of 6,325 patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion surgery for noninfectious spinal surgery met the inclusion criteria. Seven patients (0.11%) developed ASIs. Five patients underwent posterior debridement, autologous iliac bone grafting, and prolonged internal fixation. Two patients were cured with combined anti-infectious therapy. Before the operation, the VAS score was 8.57 ± 0.98, the ODI score was 42.86 ± 3.85, the last follow-up VAS score was 2.0 ± 0.82, and the ODI score was 13.29 ± 2.92. At the last follow-up, all patients had an ASI segment that achieved bony fusion, and posterior lumbar fusion surgery for noninfectious lumbar spine diseases was associated with a 0.11% risk of ASI.
Conclusions:
Surgeons should be aware of the risk factors for site infection to be able to avoid its occurrence. Early diagnosis is based on the patient's symptoms, signs, laboratory tests, MRI examination.Timely application of sensitive antibiotics, intervertebral space debridement, autologous iliac bone graft fusion, and prolonged internal fixation are effective treatment measures.
Vernalization affects the germination performance of the wetland endangered species Eleocharis carniolica
Authors: Trotta Giacomo , Ceriani Roberta M. , Casolo Valentino , Bellingardi Jessica , Boscutti Francesco , Vuerich Marco , Petrussa Elisa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Eleocharis carniolica W.D.J. Koch (Cyperaceae) is an endangered wetland spike rush mainly threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Understanding the germination ecology of this species is essential to perform successful conservation and restoration actions. In this study, we investigated the effect of vernalization (i.e. cold stratification), gibberellic acid (GA3) and chemical scarification on seed germination of E. carniolica from wild populations in northern Italy. The results showed that vernalization (i.e. 8-weeks at 4°C) significantly improved germination probability, speed, and uniformity compared to non-stratified seeds. Gibberellic acid treatment alone or in combination with vernalization did not show a significant improvement in germination. Chemical scarification using sodium hypochlorite increased germination probability, with 8 hours of scarification showing the highest success rate. However, 24-hour scarification had a negative impact on germination. Overall, vernalization was found to be the most effective method to enhance germination in E. carniolica. These findings provide valuable insights into the seed germination ecology of this endangered species, aiding in its exsitu conservation, propagation, and in-situ restoration efforts. Moreover, they have important implications on future germination dynamics of this endangered species, especially with predicted climate change scenarios.
Intercellular Communication Network of CellChat Uncovers Mechanisms of Kidney Fibrosis Based on Single-Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Lu Yongping , Lei Lei , Luo Maolin , Wu Hong-Wei , Tang Chun , Cui Tian-Jiao , Lin Lian , Zhang Xue-Mei , Sun Wen-Jing , Delic Denis , Klein Thomas , Wang Xiao-Hua , Zhu Ting , Hocher Berthold , Zheng Zhihua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background Anti-renal fibrosis and the postponement of renal function are global challenges in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have opened new avenues for treating diabetic nephropathy. Researchers are currently investigating the potential advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors for non-diabetic CKD. Methods We established a CKD model using 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) rats and divided them into three groups: placebo-treated sham surgery rats, placebo-treated 5/6 Nx rats, and Empagliflozin (Empa)-treated 5/6 Nx rats. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on the kidneys of 5/6 Nx rats and used CellChat for quantitative inference and analysis of intercellular communication networks. Results Intercellular analysis revealed that the probability and intensity of universal communications were higher in the kidneys of 5/6 Nx rats treated with placebo than in rats treated with sham surgery and placebo. 5/6 Nx up-regulated MIF and GRN expression in tubular epithelial cells, which were activated by paracrine signaling from M2 macrophages. TGF-β also plays an important role in regulating endothelial, mesangial, and fibroblast cells by inducing the up-regulation of fibrogenic genes. This process promotes collagen synthesis and extracellular matrix deposition by activating the COLLAGEN, FN1, LAMNIN, and THBS pathways. In addition, Empa treatment improves renal morphology in 5/6 Nx rats by inhibiting MIF and GRN expression in tubular epithelial cells and down-regulating the COLLAGEN, FN1, THBS, and LAMNIN pathways associated with kidney fibrosis. Conclusion We identified critical ligand-receptor pairs and signaling pathways involved in CKD fibrosis by leveraging the intercellular communication network of CellChat. Moreover, our findings indicate that Empa can reduce renal fibrosis in CKD by modulating the intercellular communication network and signaling pathways.
A Comparative Study on the Preparation and Evaluation of Solubilizing Systems for Silymarin
Authors: Chen Zhenzhen , Gao Wenhao , Feng Xianquan , Zhou Guizhi , Zhang Minxin , Zeng Lingjun , Hu Xiaomu , Liu Zhihong , Song Hongtao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Silymarin (SM) exhibits clinical efficacy in treating liver injuries, cirrhosis, and chronic hepatitis. However, its limited water solubility and low bioavailability hinder its therapeutic potential. The primary objective of this study was to compare the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the four distinct SM solubilization systems, namely SM solid dispersion (SM-SD), SM phospholipid complex (SM-PC), SM sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (SM-SBE-β-CDIC) and SM self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SM-SMEDDS) to provide further insights into their potential for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of SM. The formation of SM-SD, SM-PC, and SM-SBE-β-CDIC was thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) techniques to analyze the changes in their microscopic structure, molecular structure, and crystalline state. The particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) of SM-SMEDDS were 71.6 ± 1.57 nm, and 0.13 ± 0.03, respectively. The self-emulsifying time of SM-SMEDDS was 3.0 ± 0.3 min. SM-SMEDDS exhibited improved in vitro dissolution rate and demonstrated the highest relative bioavailability compared to pure SM, SM-SD, SM-PC, SM-SBE-β-CDIC, and Legalon®. Consequently, SMEDDS shows promise as a drug delivery system for orally administered SM, offering enhanced solubility and bioavailability.
Prospective role of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ as biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Civiero Laura , Giusto Elena , Maistrello Lorenza , Iannotta Lucia , Giusti Veronica , Iovino Ludovica , Bandopadhyay Rina , Antonini Angelo , Bubacco Luigi , Barresi Rita , Plotegher Nicoletta , Greggio Elisa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder mainly distinguished by sporadic aetiology, although a genetic component is also well established. Variants in the LRRK2 gene are associated with both familiar and sporadic forms of the disease. We have previously shown that PAK6 and 14-3-3γ interact with and regulate the activity of LRRK2. In this study, we quantify the total amount of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ both in post-mortem tissue and in plasma samples to explore their potential as novel biomarkers for PD. The amount of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ is significantly different in PD patients compared to healthy subjects; moreover, PAK6 also varies with the presence of the G2019S mutation in the LRRK2 gene. These observations were further confirmed by generalized linear models. We suggest that changes of PAK6 and 14-3-3γ in plasma represent a shared readout for patients affected by sporadic and LRRK2-related PD and they may be added in a broader panel of biomarkers for PD.
The fabrication of polycrystalline diamond micro drill based on Ultrashort pulsed laser
Authors: Huang Shizhan , Jiang Feng , Qiu Tian , Zhang Tao , Wen Qiuling , Wu Xian , Liu Guangda , Shi Xixiang , Zhang Jinxian , Luo Wenjun , Chen Zhenlin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
High precision micro polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutting tools with complex geometrical features are difficult to manufacture by traditional processes, which are widely used in the field of aerospace, automotive, electronics, etc. Ultrashort pulse laser (ULPL) with extremely high peak power and short pulse duration is the ideal tool for processing PCD materials. In this study, an industrial picosecond laser source with wavelength of 1064 nm and pulse duration less than 10 picoseconds was used to process PCD micro drills. A graphical user interface (GUI) and a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) modules have been developed. A twist PCD micro drill with a diameter of 0.75 mm was successfully fabricated by picosecond pulsed laser roughing and grinding finishing. Mechanisms of ablation removal and surface integrity generation in picosecond pulsed laser processing of PCD materials were discussed. The results show that PCD micro drills roughed by a picosecond pulsed laser have sharp geometric edges. The thermal damage layer of the PCD material was very small and could be completely removed in the grinding finishing process. Compared to conventional grinding, processing time of the new method is reduced by 48.2%.
The design and psychometric evaluation of a COVID-19 social stigma questionnaire in nurses
Authors: rahmani narges , Roshan FatemehSadat Seyed Nematollah , Nabavian Majedeh , Alipour Hossein 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The patient’s fear of social reactions, the disease stigma, and being a transmission agent is a psychological and social consequence of contracting some diseases, especially infectious ones, in any society. This fear is an important issue that has not been paid attention to due to the heavy attack of the disease on different aspects of society. Therefore, the present study aimed to design and psychometrically evaluate a COVID-19 social stigma questionnaire in nurses.
Methods
This mixed-method study was conducted using a sequential exploratory approach according to the Creswell method in Mazandaran Province (Iran) during 2021-22. The study was performed in three phases: 1) a qualitative phase to explain the key concept, 2) designing the scale items, and 3) an experimental phase with the scale psychometric evaluation. In the first phase, nurses’ experiences regarding the concept of COVID-19 social stigma were evaluated using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. In this phase, the lived experiences of 12 nurses working at hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences were extracted through in-depth interviews with semi-structured questions and analyzed by Van Manen’s method. In the second phase, the designed items of the scale were validated by determining face validity, content validity, and construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and determining the scale’s reliability through internal consistency and stability.
Results
After the study’s first phase, a pool of questions with 64 initial items was formed. After evaluating face and content validity, the number of items was reduced to 24 cases. An excellent total content validity (S-CVI/Ave) of 0.93 was calculated for the scale. The EFA indicated that three factors accounted for the most variance (52.82%), and four items were excluded in this phase. The KMO statistic and Bartlett’s test of sphericity were calculated at 0.776 and P < 0.001, respectively. The results of Cronbach’s alpha (0.796) and intraclass correlation (0.793) indicated the correlation and internal consistency of the scale.
Conclusion
This scale can help healthcare managers and policymakers apply necessary protective measures by evaluating the social stigma of COVID-19 in nurses and emerging infectious diseases that may occur in the future.
Planning and clarifying a sustainable approach to solve the problem of scheduling the train running in line one of the Tehran Metro in conditions of uncertainty through particle swarm optimization
Authors: jafari Davoud , khalaj mehran , salehi pejman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Reliability and punctuality in the traffic supervision of the metro network are amongst the key performance indicators for the evaluation of this industry's efficiency which can lead to the satisfaction of the participants. A common technique to improve the level of reliability and the performance of Metro traffic control systems is to train to receive and dispatch the position, especially in the different periods of designing train timetables, which can be out-of-the-way or lead to a stable level. Therefore, to increase the permanency level of the metro timetables, the operators of the traffic control center in the metro network consider fixed time values as Buffer times between rail events with a high probability of flaws using normal procedures in the timetables. In this respect, the first event of delay in the metro network is the possibility of its spread in all of the lines and its effect that will be realized on all of the entities and the existence of subsequent unlucky consequences that will be prevented. Adding to this, Buffer time in the train schedule in some cases may cause the capacity of the subway network reduced, which could be the basis of traffic effects for eventful lines such as line one of the Tehran Metro. However, the ability of time tables to add fixed times values as a Buffer time between two conflicting events in the metro network can be whispered that in this case, it is necessary to allocate Buffer times with sufficient accuracy and according to the traffic priorities of dispatching and receiving trains. Some important events in Metro passenger activities (such as unexpected dispatches) take place properly and prevent certain incidents. In the current study, the goal of cultivating and improving the stability of train running schedule tables by assigning optimum Buffer s in the network times has been studied utilizing innovative methods. Therefore, resources for allocation optimum time have been modeled via combinatorial optimization algorithms and particle swarm optimization methods. In this algorithm, each Buffer time according to the priority of the events and according to the technical, economic, and operational criteria is shown to one of the existing assignments of the schedule tables which findings and its effects in terms of time units (seconds). In the end, the validity of the offered model that is presented utilizing line one of the Tehran Metro is tested.
Isolation and genome-wide analysis of new Acinetobacter baumannii bacteriophage vB_AbaM_AB3P2
Authors: Tan Yujing , Su Jianhui , Luo Dandan , Liang Bingshao , Liu Shenshen , Zeng Haiyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
New lytic Acinetobacter baumannii phage, vB_AbaM_AB3P2, was isolated from sewage treatment plant of Luoyang, China. The genome of vB_AbaM_AB3P2 is composed of double-strand DNA that is 44,824bp in length with G + C content of 37.75%. 96 open reading frames were identified, genes for antibiotic resistance and virulence factors were not found. The genomic and phylogenetic analyses of this phage revealed that it represents a new species in genus Obolenskvirus. Phage vB_AbaM_AB3P2, which has short latent period (10 min) and high stability in 30–70 ◦C and pH 2–10, is potentially useful for controlling multi-drug resistant A. baumannii in the future.
∂-dressing method to PT-symmetric multi-component nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Zhou Hui , Huang Yehui , Yao Yuqin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the PT-symmetric multi-component nonlinear Schr¨odinger (PTSMCNLS) equation is derived using the ∂-dressing method in two local 4 × 4 matrix ∂-problems. The relations between the potential of the PTSMCNLS equation and the solution of the ∂-problem are established. The explicit Nsoliton solutions of the PTSMCNLS equation are obtained. Moreover, the PT-symmetric three-component nonlinear Schr¨odinger (PTSTCNLS) equation is constructed by virtue of reduction. As applications, some specific soliton dynamical behaviors are theoretically explored and graphically illustrated.
Fixation of dorsal rim fragments in distal radial intra-articular fractures: Is it necessary
Authors: Xu Guoqiang , Wang Gang , Wang Baojun , Bai Xiaodong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To retrospectively analyze the effects of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of AO type C intra-articular fractures on the recovery of wrist function in distal radial fractures with or without dorsal rim fragments and with or without dorsal rim fragment fixation.
Methods
A total of 98 patients with type C distal radius fractures treated with ORIF using the volar approach were enrolled. They were divided into three groups based on the existence and fixation of dorsal rim fragments: no dorsal rim fragment, fixed dorsal rim fragment, and unfixed dorsal rim fragment. Patients were followed-up with radiographs, range of motion (ROM), disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) scores, and Gartland–Werley (G–W) scores.
Results
The radiographs showed significant improvement at each follow-up time point compared to the preoperative status in all groups. There were no significant differences in the G–W and DASH scores among the three groups, except for the DASH score 3 months after surgery. No significant differences in wrist ROM, functional assessment scores, volar tilt angle, or radial length were observed between the fixed and nonfixed groups.
Conclusion
ORIF with locking plates is an effective approach for restoring the wrist anatomy in AO type C distal radius fractures. Significant differences were observed in radial inclination, radial styloid height, and postoperative wrist flexion ROM between the three groups 12 months after surgery, whereas no significant differences were found in volar tilt angle, other wrist ROMs, G–W, or DASH scores. Therefore, fixing dorsal rim fragments in distal radial intra-articular fractures is unnecessary.