bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis a Number of Heterocyclic Compounds and some of chalcones Derived From Levofloxacin
Authors: Ekram Abdullah Basheer  , Kalid Matny Al-jaanaby  , Feras Shauki Al-joboury  
Published: April 2023

The hydrazide (1) was used as synthone for the following Compound pyridazine-3,6-dione (2) by reaction of hydrazide (1) with maleic anhydride and Compound phthalazine-1,4-dione (3) by the reaction of hydrazide (1) with phthalic anhydride. Substituted thiosemicarbazides (6-7) by hydrazide(1) reaction with substituted isothiocyanates in ethanol. The thiosemicarbazide (5) was, also synthesized by the reaction of hydrazide (1) with ammonium thiocyanate in presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid. 1-Formyl-2-acyl hydrazine (4) was obtained by the reaction hydrazide (1) with formic acid, and Substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (8-12) were obtained by reaction the hydrazide (1) with substituted carboxylic acid. Then, it was cyclized by phosphorous oxy chloride. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-5-thiol (35) was synthesized by reaction of the hydrazide (1) with carbon disulfide in presence alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution. Then, the compound (35) was used to synthesize: a- 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles (36-39) by reaction with alkyl halide. b-1,3,4-Oxadiazoline thione (40) by reaction with formaldehyde. c- Triazole (41) by reaction with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol. Pyrazolines compounds (23-32) were synthesized from the reaction of the hydrazide (1) with chalcones (13-22) (which were prepared by condensation of substituted Benzaldehyde with substituted acetophenone under basic conditions). Pyrazoline dion (33) and pyrazole (34) were synthesized through the reaction of the hydrazide (1) with diethyl malonate and acetyl acetone respectively.
These compounds were characterization on bases of spectral (FT-IR)، and (1H-NMR , 13C-NMR)،and physical data .
Purification and Characterization of Phytase from Fruit Bodies of Local mushroom Pleorotus ostreatus Grown by Solid State Fermentation
Authors: Abdullah  A. Hassan  , HawazinA.Al-Jobory  
Published: April 2023

Phytase produced from an edible local mushroom P.ostreatus11L was purified in three steps, in precipitation with ammonium Sulfate (saturation ratio70%), the specific activity of phytase increased from 0.38u/mg protein in crude extract to 0.77 u/mg protein with purification of 2.03 fold and the enzyme yield was 92.05%, in ion exchange chromatography(DEAE-cellulose) step, specific activity was 3.6 u/mg protein with purification of 9.47 fold with a yield of 71. 82%. In the last step, with gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex G75 which gave the highest specific activity reached 7.5 U/mg with the purification folds arrived to 19.74 and enzyme yield was 42.61%. The results showed that there is only one band appeared in SDS-PAGE technique indicating a high purity of phytase enzyme , the purified phytase behaved as a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of about 25.12 kDa . The phytase was active over a broad range of incubation temperature (20 - 50ºC), maximal activity was 0.83 unit/ml when phytase incubated at 30ºC while the enzyme has thermal stability over a broad range of temperatures (20-60ºC) for one h since more than 50 % of the relative enzyme activity was retained after incubation. Phytase was active over a broad range of pH (4-8), maximal activity was 0.81unit/ml when phytase incubated at pH 6 followed by 0.79 unit/ml when phytase incubated at pH 5 without significant differences between them. In addition , the enzyme was full stable at pH 5 and 6 for 1 h of incubation at 37oC. phytase activity didn’t reach 70% at the other pH values. Hence it is inferred that the phytase was active over a broad range of pH 4-8. Among various metal ions, only MgSO4 has a syregenic effect with phytase activity in which activity increased as residual activity was 117.36% , while CuSO4 and ZnCl were the most inhibitory agents for P.ostreatus phytase.
Some haematological and biochemical parameters assessments in sheep infection by Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Ali Hassan Awad  , Almass Mohammed Ali  , Dakheel Hussein Hadree  
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted on (100) sheep naturally infested with Haemonchus contortus, (1-3 years old), in Tikrit city, from ist January 2014 to 31th May 2014. Affected sheep exhibited clinical signs included, emaciation, weakness, pale mucous membranes, rough, easily detached and lusterless coat. Ten ml of blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of all the sheep's using disposable syringes, then take 2.5 ml from blood sample was used to determine CBC the Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) , Haemoglobin estimation (Hb), Packed cells Volume (PCV). The study showed reduction in RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and neutrophils (4.7±0.68), (6±0.74), (18±0.19), and (20±0.73) respectively. And reveled leukocytosis; Lymphocyte, eosinophil's and monocyte (11.6± 0.41), (65± 0.51), (10± 0.64) and (5± 0.29) respectively in infected sheep. and the remind samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minute and serum was separated and stored at -20 °c until used for measure the biochemical change by use spectrophotometer. The results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the rates of total protein concentration, albumin , iron, and zinc (5.02± 0.59 g/dl), (1.7 ± 0.45g/dl), (89.3 ± 12.41 µg/dl), (42.37± 16.22 µg/dl) respectively in the serum of infected sheep according the compared with normal sheep.
Cadmium Accumulation in Some Organs of Mosquito Fish Gambusia holbrooki
Authors: Talib Hussen Ali  , Ali Ashkar Abed  , Amal abdul Ellah  
Published: April 2023

The cadmium contents in muscle, brain, gills, liver , intestine and testis from exposed and control animals were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The experiments were planned in three series of a total of 95 fish employing the static test method of acute toxicity. Five fishes were placed in each concentrations of three sublethal concentrations (5, 15 and 25mg/l) for two acute periods (24 and 96h). The experiments were performed as 3 replicates, the Cd accumulation in different fish organs were determined. This showed that the effect of acute Cd on different organs Cd accumulation in the G. holbrooki was found to be time dependent fashion. Atomic absorption examination showed that the Cd-content in both testis and intestine increased significantly time dependent by 502%, 167%, 168%, 146%,490%,214% in muscle ,brain, liver, gills, intestine and testis , respectively at short-acute term treatment whereas for long- acute term treatment this increasing were 44%,82 %,170%,127%,350%,400% in muscle ,brain, liver, gills, intestine and testis respectively
Study of Some Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Women with Breastfeeding and Non-Breastfeeding in Erbil City
Authors: Saman M. Abdulkareem  
Published: April 2023

Blood samples from one hundred healthy women (29-33 year) have been taken. The women were divided into 2 groups: group 1 including 50 women that exclusively breast-fed for 6 months, and group 2 composed of 50 women in whom lactation was inhibited with formula feeding.
The two groups were comparable in lipid profile, random blood sugar, serum calcium and phosphors, tumor markers, and testosterone hormone (P-value < 0.01). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and random blood sugar (RBS) were significantly less in the breastfeeding group (P-value < 0.01). The mean totals LDL-C were 56.01± 0.35 and 71.90 ± 0.43mg/dl in groups 1 and 2, respectively. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher in the breastfeeding groups than in non-breastfeeding mothers (44.21±068mg/dl vs. 40.83±0.14mg/dl) but the difference was not statistically significant. Nevertheless, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, and serum very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were insignificantly lowers in breastfeeding group (95.37±1.02 mg/dl) in comparison to non-breastfeeding group (112.8±1.02 mg/ dl). Tumor marker were determined with chemiluminescent immunometric methods in each group via an automatic hormone analyzer. However, breastfeeding mothers have slightly less percentage of CA 15-3 and CA 125 than formula-feeding mothers (9.67 ± 0.071 U/ml and 9.79 ± 0.079 U/ml versus 12.84 ± 0.13 U/ml and 12.34 ± 0.14 U/ml, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant.
Phytochemical constituents and nutrient evaluation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera, L.) pollen grains
Authors: Al-Samarai, A. H.  , Al-Salihi, F.G  , Al-Samarai, R.R  
Published: April 2023

The pollen of date palm -DPP (Phoenix dactylifera L. variety El- Ghannmi Ahmar.) has been analyzed for the main phytochemical composition , nutrient and mineral composition. The phytochemical screening of chemical constituents of the plant showed that the DPP grains contains phytosterols, flavonoids, alkaloids, protein, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, lignin, oil and fats, with absent of quinones. The quantitative contents of alkaloids, tannin, phenolic compounds and sterols were (2416±0.034, 2279.6±35.769, 115±5 and 110.1±0.87) mg/100g in DPP grains. While the moisture content of palm pollen grains was 8.041 ± 0.1%, and 91.959 ± 0.1 % for the total solids. Values 0.113±0.003 % and 5.585 ± 0.144 % were estimated for crude fiber and ash contents respectively. Crude fat content of DPP grains was 7.678 ±0.149%, 19.45%, for crude protein and 26.25±0.315 g/100g for carbohydrates ,the energy value was 291.902 Kcal/100g. The predominant minerals were potassium 73.5 mg/g, followed by magnesium 19.6 mg/g , calcium 10.8 mg/g and iron 8.5 mg/g. Comparable amounts of sodium 4.34 mg/g and copper 3.658 mg/g with equal amounts of molybdenum, nitrogen and boron (3.169, 3.11 and 3.024) mg/g respectively were found in DPP grains. Palm pollen also contain useful amount of zinc 2.799 mg/g, manganese 2.702 mg/g, selenium 2.51 mg/g, cobalt 1.986 mg/g, nickel 1.698 mg/g and cadmium 0.12 mg/g. From all the results we can conclude that the date palm pollen was as rich source of antioxidant, energy, and important minerals, so its suitability as a regular component in human diet.
The effect of UV – Radiation on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of (PP/LDPE) Blends
Authors: Balkees M. Aldabbagh  , Hanaa J. Al shimary  , Adnan R. Ahmmed  
Published: April 2023

UV-rad effected on thermal and mechanical properties (density, Shore D hardness, melt flow index, DSC) properties were studied for polypropylene (PP) blended with low density polyethylene (LDPE) at different ratios (10% PP+90% LDPE), (25%PP+75%LDPE). Results shows decreasing of blend density with increasing of PP content and increasing of it after UV-RAD for (15 hr.), also Shore D hardness decreased at the first ratio of PP (10%) then it increased with increasing of PP contain. Also Shore D increases after UV rad for (15 hr.). Melt flow index (MFI) decreased after UV rad, also the UV rad leads to increasing of crystallinity regions of blends.
Photoluminescence lifetime in porous silicon
Authors: Adwan N. H. Al-Ajili  
Published: April 2023

Lifetime of photoluminescence emitted by porous silicon has been investigated by using pulsed nitrogen laser as excitation source. This research also involved sample preparation. This in itself necessitated software and hardware development to enable interfacing and data logging using PC.
Orange and orange/red photoluminescence emitted from porous silicon samples have been studied at temperatures (77 - 295) K. The photoluminescence decay was intrinsically nonexponential at different temperatures. The photoluminescence lifetime, defined as 1/e times the initial intensity, decreased as emission energy increased, and increased with decreasing temperature. The time evolution of photoluminescence lifetimes and for orange porous silicon sample has been investigated.
On Interval-valued Anti Fuzzy Prime bi-ideal of Semigroup
Authors: S. A. Wuhaib  , Akram S. Mohammed  , Zeyad. M. Abdullah  
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we introduce the notions of interval-valued anti fuzzy prime (resp. strongly prime and semiprime) bi-ideals of semigroup. By using these ideas, we characterize those semigroup for which each interval anti-fuzzy bi-ideal is semiprime and strongly prime.

Introduction: The theory of fuzzy sets proposed by Zadeh [6], in his classic paper of 1965, deal with the applications of fuzzy technology in information processing. Mordeson, Malik and Kuroki gave a systematic exposition fuzzy semigroups in [2], where one can find theoretical results on fuzzy semigroups. Shabir and Kanwal [5], introduced the concept of prime bi-ideal, strongly prime bi-ideals and semiprime bi-ideal of a semigroup and studied those semigroups.

In this paper we introduced the concept of interval valued anti fuzzy prime, strongly prime and semiprime bi-ideal of semigroups and give characterization of semigroups in terms of these notions we characterize those semigroups for which each interval-valued anti fuzzy bi-ideal is semiprime and strongly irreducible.
Strong Essential Submodules And Strong Uniform Modules
Authors: Nada Khalid Abdullah  
Published: April 2023

A non-zero submodule K of an R-module M is called essential if K L (0) for each non-zero submodule L of M . And an R-module M is called uniform if each non-zero submodule of M is an essential . In this paper we give generalization of essential submodule and uniform module that are strong essential submodule and strong uniform module. A non-zero submodule N of M is called strong essential if N P (0) for each non-zero strongly prime submodule P of M . And an R-module M is called strong uniform if each non-zero submodule of M is a strong essential .
The Effect Of Life Style On Some Health Markers On Sample Of Dormitory Students In Samaraa University
Authors: Harith Jameel Mahdi  , Aumr Thaar joad  , Mena Abdulsalam Mustafa  
Published: April 2023

The study was done in samara university on 80 dormitory students samples were taken at arrival to university and retaken after three months on continuous living at the university, results showed that all the parameters (calcium, inorganic phosphate, serum total protein, triglycerides and plasma proteins) were at normal level but then changed after three months with significant differences due to stress , malnutrition fast food and the time of exposure to the sun light compared to healthy subject who donont live at dormitory There was a decrease in calcium and serum total protein concentration while there was increase triglyceride and inorganic phosphate level.
Stuitability of Injana Clay For Filling Materials In Earth Fill Dams In Sharqat Distric/ Salah Alden North Iraq.
Authors: LOAI MOUSSA RAWEE.  
Published: April 2023

The Study Aims To Study The Suitability of Injana Clays In North East Sharqat Governorate For Filling Materials In Earth Fill Dams. Three Stations Were Chosed Which Reflect The Study Area.
The Laboratory Test Show Matching The Curve Of Zone (C) With The Curve Of Grain Size Analysis, The Ratios Of Liquid Limits And Plastic Limits Ranges Between (44.5- 47.155)% And (12.7- 19)% Respectively The Ratios Of Total Dissolved Salts And Gypsum Content Ranges Between (2.61- 4.1)% and (0.10- 0.21)% Respectively And According To Iraqi Standard Specification (SORB/R5 2003) The Clays Of Injana Formetion Are Suilable For Filling Materials In Earth Fill Dams.
Study of the Irradiation effect on the optical properties for the SnO2 thin film
Authors: Kasim H. mahmood  
Published: April 2023

In this report investor the optical properties of the thin film SnO2 , before and after Irradiation by Argon Laser Ar+. We found same varieties has been achieve on optical properties of a thin film SnO2.
The Energy Gap had decreased from 2.91ev to 2.88ev, its meaning that the Irradiation had improved the equality of the thin film, in additional we found that the irradiation has been change another optical properties, the Absorption coefficient increased, so the value Extinction coefficient increased, also found increasing in the Reflected index. It refer that the irradiation had optimized all the optical properties on a thin film SnO2
The effect of Cadmium Substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of Nickel Ferrite
Authors: Khalaf E. Khalil Al- Juboory  
Published: April 2023

Nickel – Cadmium ferrites having the chemical formula (Ni1-xCdxFe2O4), (0 ≤ X ≤ 0.5) were prepared by using powders technology method. The particle size of the ferrite samples were estimated from X-ray diffraction studies after the confirmation of the formation of single phase spinel structure of the ferrites. We found that the Lattice constant and density (ρx-ray) increased with Cd content while the porosity was noticed to decrease. Also the magnetic testing showed decreases in values the Coercive Force from (0.408 KA/m) to (0.384 KA/m) and the Remnant Magnetization from (0.056 Tesla) to ( 0.048 Tesla) and the Magnetic Relative permeability is the within range (0.137 ~ 0.125) with increasing of the Cadmium concentration while the Magnetic Susceptibility was noticed to increase from (0.862) to (0.875).
Study The Molarity Influence on the structural properties of titanium oxide (TiO2) Prepared with (Sol_Gel)
Authors: Riyadh sami  , Rafea A. Munef  , Fares Saleh Atallah  
Published: April 2023

This report was conducted to study the molar effect on structural characteristics of Titanium dioxide TiO2 ,the deposition of films on glass substrates was done by using sol gel solution with Spin-Coting method (speed =3000 rpm) during 30 sec of the deposition where the solution have been prepared using Titanium hydroxyl Material Ti[O(CH2)3(CH3)]4 and C4H11NO2 as Fixative and Ethanol as a solvent. we have prepared different concentrations of solution (0.05, 0.10 , 0.15, 0.20, 0.30) M ,the films have been annealing with temperature (500 °C), we have investigated the Structural characteristics using (XRD,AFM and SEM) analyses. The (XRD) results have shown that the Anatase phase is the prevalent phase when the concentrations (0.05 and 0.10)M and after increase the concentration start changes gradually from Anatase phase to Rutile phase when the concentration (0.2)M. The SEM analyses have approved that the film has good topography. The granules had a rhombus form then its shape became cluster with the increasing of concentration . The (AFM) have shown that the membranes had nano- thickness,and they are soft with good coating
Analyze the Geotechnical Properties of Aggregate in Al-Mahzam area and Evaluation of its Suitability for Using in road purposes
Authors: Amera Ismail Hussain  
Published: April 2023

This research studies the geotechnical properties of the Quaternary deposits aggregate in Al-Mahzam area in Tikrit city/Salahadin governorate. Samples are collected from three sites on the western bank of Tigris River for studying the physical, mineralogical, chemical, strength and durability properties and evaluating its suitability for sub base in road works. The results for the physical tests through the grain size distribution test show that the aggregate is well graded and suitable to use in road works as sub base for class A. Specific gravity and density tests were carried on according to ASTM, D854,C127 Liquid limit value are (5.10, 2.2 and 4) % and the samples are non-plastic while the value of the elongation and flakiness index according to ISS, 45/1989 are (21.65, 16.04 and 15.85)% and (26.11, 28.65 and 36.00)% respectively.
Mineral composition test of gravel particles revealed that carbonate gravel forming the high percentage of the mineral composition, chert and quartz, sandstone, igneous and metamorphic rocks respectively. Strength test for aggregate Impact Value were carried out according to ISS,47/1970 and B.S.812-112,1990 are (7.06,9.79 and 8.8)% which is classified to exceptionally strong which is specified that shall not exceed 30% for using in road works, and compression strength value which is derived from point load test are (197, 189.3 and 182.4) MPa. according to Hawkins classification is very strong. The durability test results represented by the loss angles test are (26.72, 26.18 and 29.55)% which is suitable for sub base road work, and the average of the soundness test results were ranges (0.62-3.54)% for coarse and fine aggregates which is within the specification and suitable to use the aggregate in roadwork as the sub base. For the chemical tests the values of organic matter, pH value, TDS and sulfate salts (gypsum %) are within the specification and suitable for using in sub base course for road
Histopathological effects resulting from infection stray cats by intestinal parasites in Saladin province
Authors: Ashraf Jamal Mahmoud Zangana  
Published: April 2023

In this, study89stray cats were examined in Saladin province, of both sexes and various ages, which included 82 stray cats and 7 cats as a group control. Showed the infected cats number" of clinical examination and stood infection rate of intestinal parasites 41.46%, was diagnosed with worms Toxocara cati by 8.53%, Toxascaris leonine by 13.41%, and Taenia spp. by 31.70%, and Dipylidium caninum by 15.85%, and Diphyllobothrium sp. by 7.31% and eggs bags each of Isospora spp. by 20.73%, and Giardia spp. 6.09% and Toxoplasma gondii by 10.97%. Histopathological examination of the intestines, showed degeneration of columnar epithelial cells and necrosis of some of them and also alienations, the villi in the intestinal cavity, with the presence of large numbers of inflammatory white blood cells within the core of the villi, and the muscular wall of the intestines contained inflammatory cells severe macular disintegration with severe degeneration in many fiber other muscle, as large vacuole appeared in the cytoplasm of the muscle fibers.
Detection of Some Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Genes in MRSA Strains Using PCR Techniques
Authors: Suha M. Abed  , Waad M. Raoof  , Akeel H. A. Assie  , Zeina S. M. Al-Hadeithi  , Farooq Ibrahim  
Published: April 2023

In view of the increasing interest in the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The extracted DNA yield was observed using the phenol-chloroform method, it ranged from (1.6-1.8) and concentration ranged from 100 to 800 ng/µl. Five classical enterotoxin genes were investigated in 20 isolates using multiplex PCR method after it had been molecularly identified into methicillin resistant using mec A (which is the key genetic component of methicillin resistance) and fem A genes in a duplex PCR technique. A multiplex PCR test based on the simultaneous amplification of the five genes genes; sea 102bp, seb 164bp, sec 451bp, sed 278 bp and see 209bp was conducted to directly detect the toxin gene content. Our results had showed that most of MRSA samples harbored at least one enterotoxin gene. Multiple toxin gene combinations were also observed. Using this PCR assay we found that among the MRSA strains obtained (n=20). The most commonly found gene was the enterotoxin A sea (n: 18, 90%), which was found alone and together with other toxin genes.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mixed Ligands Cadmium (II) Complexes with N-Hydroxymethylsaccharinate and diphosphines
Authors: Ahmed S. M. Al-Janabi  , Ahmed A. Irzoqi  , Shihab A. O. Ahmed  
Published: April 2023

Reaction of cadimium(II) chloride CdCl2.6H2O with two equivalents of N-hydroxymethylsaccharin (Sac-CH2OH) (1) in the presence of NEt3 afforded the presumably tetrahedral complex [Cd(K2-Sac-CH2O)2] (2). The Sac-CH2O- ligand behaves as a bidentate chelate. Reaction of (2) with one equivalent of the bidentate ligands (dipos); Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2, (n = 1 dppm; 2 dppe; 3 dppp; 4 dppb), Ph2P(S)(CH2)P(S)Ph2 (dppmS2) afforded tetrahedral complexes of the type [Cd(K1-Sac-CH2O)2(diphos)] (3-7). The reaction with two equivalents of the monodentate ligands (phos); Ph3P or Ph3PS gave [Cd(K1-Sac-CH2O)2(phos)2] (8,9). The N-hydroxymethylsaccharinate anion acts as a monodentate ligand to the cadmium center through the hydroxymethyl oxygen atom. The complexes were characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods.