bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphenyltriazoles on Kombucha‐Derived Bacterial Cellulose: Synthesis, Structural Evaluation and Hydrophobicity
Authors: Ramar Periyamuthu , Suprajaa P. , Lobo Nitin Prakash , Sampath Srinivasan , Samanta Debasis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBacterial cellulose‐based materials have diverse applications as leather‐like materials, wound‐healing materials, and optoelectronic materials etc. Particularly, functionalization by polymer or organic compounds can help improve specific properties to diversify application areas. In this work, we reported a facile approach to functionalize Kombucha‐derived bacterial cellulose (BC) by AB‐type “Graft Through” click polymerization reaction. Since by this technique, the polymer was anchored on the surfaces as well as was produced in solution, and it provided the flexibility of detailed characterization on the surface as well as in a solution. Apart from standard spectroscopic characterization techniques, multinuclear solid‐state 13C, 29Si, and 15N NMR spectroscopic studies were undertaken extensively for finding the detailed structural information unambiguously. Thermal analysis, X‐Ray Diffraction analysis, and Small Angle Scattering (SAXS) was undertaken to understand the crystallinity and fibrous properties of the bacterial cellulose materials, while various microscopic analyses were undertaken for morphological studies. Those are particularly helpful in understanding the hydrophobicity of the materials an essential parameter for diversifying the application areas of the materials.
Different Synthetic Methods for the Preparation of Triazolopyrimidines and their Biological Profile
Authors: Hibot Achraf , Oumessaoud Asmaa , Hafid Abderrafia , Khouili Mostafa , Pujol Maria Dolors 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne or more nitrogen‐containing molecules constitute an important class of heterocyclic compounds in organic synthesis, due to their reactivity and their presence in many molecules of natural, human or plant origin. These nitrogenous heterocycles play an essential role in various scientific domains, whether they are chemical, biological or pharmacological. N‐heterocycles are the privileged source of many research topics developed by several groups of researchers. Thus, different methods have been developed to access these heterocyclic compounds with nitrogenous rings, such as triazolopyrimidines. In this review, a bibliographic study summarizing the pharmacological importance of the triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine ring, the different synthesis routes of these derivatives as well as their reactivity was reported.
Near‐infrared light‐responsive Nitric oxide microcarrier for multimodal tumor therapy
Authors: Liang Danna , Kuang Gaizhen , Chen Xiang , Lu Jianhua , Shang Luoran , Sun Weijian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) has shown great potential in tumor therapy, and the development of a platform for precise and controllable NO release still needs to be explored. Herein, a microfluidic electrospray strategy is proposed for the fabrication of hydrogel microspheres encapsulating NO donors (S‐nitrosoglutathione, GSNO) together with black phosphorus (BP) and chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX) as microcarriers for tumor therapy. Based on the excellent photothermal property of BP and thermal sensitivity of GSNO, the microcarriers exhibit a near‐infrared light (NIR)‐responsive NO release behavior. Besides, the photothermal performance of the microcarriers accelerates the release of DOX. All these contribute to the excellent tumor‐killing effect of the microcarriers by combining multiple therapeutic strategies including NO therapy, photothermal therapy, and chemotherapy. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the NIR‐responsive NO delivery microcarriers could significantly inhibit tumor growth without apparent side effects in vivo. Therefore, it is believed that the novel NIR‐responsive NO microcarriers are promising candidates in clinical tumor therapy applications.
Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Fibrous Materials
Authors: Tang Zhongxue , Xu Bojie , Man Xingkun , Liu Huan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural fibers with robust water repellency play an important role in adapting organisms to various environments, which has inspired the development of artificial superhydrophobic fibrous materials with applications in self‐cleaning, antifogging, water harvesting, heat exchanging, catalytic reactions, and microrobots. However, these highly textured surfaces (micro/nanotextured) suffer from frequent liquid penetration in high humidity and abrasion‐induced destruction of the local environment. Herein, bioinspired superhydrophobic fibrous materials are reviewed from the perspective of the dimension scale of fibers. First, the fibrous dimension characteristics of several representative natural superhydrophobic fibrous systems are summarized, along with the mechanisms involved. Then, artificial superhydrophobic fibers are summarized, along with their various applications. Nanometer‐scale fibers enable superhydrophobicity by minimizing the liquid–solid contact area. Micrometer‐scale fibers are advantageous for enhancing the mechanical stability of superhydrophobicity. Micrometer‐scale conical fibrous structures endow a Laplace force with a particular magnitude for self‐removing condensed tiny dewdrops in highly humid air and stably trapping large air pockets underwater. Furthermore, several representative surface modification strategies for constructing superhydrophobic fibers are presented. In addition, several conventional applications of superhydrophobic systems are presented. It is anticipated that the review will inspire the design and fabrication of superhydrophobic fibrous systems.
Date palm spathe extract reverses chronic stress‐induced changes in dendritic arborization in the amygdala and impairment of hippocampal long‐term potentiation
Authors: Hadipour Mohammadmehdi , Meftahi Gholam Hossein , Jahromi Gila Pirzad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChronic restraint stress induces anxiety‐like behaviors and emotional abnormalities via an alteration of synaptic remodeling in the amygdala and the hippocampus. Given that the date palm spathe has been shown to have neuroprotective effects on different experimental models, this study aimed to address whether the date palm spathe extract (hydroalcoholic extract of date palm spathe [HEDPP]) can reduce chronic restraint stress‐induced behavioral, electrophysiological, and morphological changes in the rat model. Thirty‐two male Wistar rats (weight 200–220 g) were randomly divided into control, stress, HEDPP, and stress + HEDPP for 14 days. Animals were submitted to restraint stress for 2 h per day for 14 consecutive days. The animals of the HEDPP and stress + HEDPP groups were supplemented with HEDPP (125 mg/kg) during these 14 days, 30 min before being placed in the restraint stress tube. We used passive avoidance, open‐field test, and field potential recording to assess emotional memory, anxiety‐like behavioral and long‐term potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, respectively. Moreover, Golgi–Cox staining was used to investigate the amygdala neuron dendritic arborization. Results showed that stress induction was associated with behavioral changes (anxiety‐like behavioral and emotional memory impairment), and the administration of HEDPP effectively normalized these deficits. HEDPP remarkably amplified the slope and amplitude of mean‐field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in stressed rats. Chronic restraint stress significantly decreased the dendritic arborization in the central and basolateral nucleus of the amygdala neuron. HEDPP suppressed this stress effect in the central nucleus of the amygdala. Our findings indicated that HEDPP administration improves stress‐induced learning impairment and memory and anxiety‐like behaviors by preventing adverse effects on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and amygdala.
Coexisting commensurate and incommensurate magnetic orders in the double double perovskite CaMnCoWO6
Authors: Ji Kunlang , Chen Ruichao , Manuel Pascal , Attfield J. Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new double double perovskite of ideal composition CaMnCoWO6 has been synthesised at high pressure. The structure is tetragonal (P42/n, a=7.6651(3), c=7.6822(3) Å) and disorder between A‐site Mn2+ and B‐site Co2+ leads to a Co‐rich off‐stoichiometric composition CaMn0.8Co1.2WO6 [Ca(Mn0.65Co0.35) (Co0.86Mn0.14)WO6]. An unusual combination of commensurate and incommensurate spin orders (A‐site Mn/Co spins with propagation vector (0.5 0.5 0.5) and B‐site Co/Mn spins with (0.5 0.42 0.5)) is observed below a magnetic transition at TC=18 K. This is the first discovery of complex magnetism in the double double perovskite family.
Multi-GNSS Tomography: Case Study of the July 2021 Flood in Germany
Authors: Wilgan Karina , Brenot Hugues , Biondi Riccardo , Dick Galina , Wickert Jens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to climate change, intensive storms and severe precipitation will continue to happen, causing destructive flooding. In July 2021, a series of storms with prolonged rain episodes took place in Europe. Several countries were affected by severe floods following that rainfall, causing many deaths and material damage. Thus, a good understanding and forecasting of such events are of uttermost importance. This study highlights the interest of multi-GNSS tomography for the 3D modelling of the neutral atmosphere refractivity. The tropospheric parameters have been retrieved for the July 2021 flood in Germany from two tomographic solutions with different constraining options using either GPS-only or multi-GNSS estimates. Our investigations show that the stand-alone solution (especially the multi-GNSS) is producing more patterns of refractivity, and is temporally more stable. We compare the tomographic results with external observations such as radiosondes and GNSS radio-occultations from Metop-A & -B satellites. The results show that tomography is producing wetter conditions than the reference. However, we can see the precursor information of the initiation of deep convection in the ground-based GNSS technique.
Plantation Slavery in the British Caribbean
Authors: Burnard Trevor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSlavery made the British Caribbean work and it did so largely within the institution of the plantation. British Caribbean plantation slavery was excessively brutal and exploitative but it was thoroughly modern and extremely productive and efficient. It brought great wealth to a few and to the British imperial government. But it made the lives of the majority of plantations workers very miserable as they were perhaps the most overworked and badly treated people in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world.
Slavery in South Asia
Authors: Kalb Emma 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSlavery in South Asia during the early modern and colonial periods is a broad and diverse category, including practices ranging from agricultural slavery to military to domestic slavery. As a result, scholars have emphasized the need to avoid generalizations and consider this subject in a highly contextualized, historicized manner. This chapter provides an overview of the different forms and experiences of slavery in this region, covering topics such as mechanisms of enslavement, intra- and inter-regional slave trades, practices of manumission, as well as continuities and shifts during the colonial period.
Injection: Modern Slavery and Political Strategy
Authors: Quirk Joel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe political fortunes of recent campaigns targeting “modern slavery” and human trafficking have been shaped by strategic calculations and institutional interests. Different actors have been attracted to the category of modern slavery for different reasons. For civil society campaigners, modern slavery offers a way of harnessing the iconography of transatlantic enslavement to draw attention to “exceptional” cases of exploitation. Conversations about modern slavery can also be strategically useful for many governments and corporations, since they can help to deflect or displace more challenging questions about the systemic abuse and exploitation of precarious migrants and workers. These calculations play a key behind the scenes role when it comes to determining whether different cases of exploitation and coercion are classified as the same as, similar to, or separate from historical systems of enslavement.
Slavery in Ancient Greece
Authors: Vlassopoulos Kostas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSlavery was a defining phenomenon in the history of Greek city-states. This chapter explores the various local slaving systems of ancient Greece and examines their similarities and differences with respect to four factors: the slaving strategies employed by the masters; the geopolitical context of ancient Greek communities; the ways and aims for which the political community intervened in the master–slavery relationship; and the forms of communities in which slaves participated.
Slavery in the Byzantine Empire
Authors: Rotman Youval 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe importance of Byzantium to the history of global slavery stems from its geographic and historical position. Byzantium boasts a history of more than a millennium, longer than any other Mediterranean empire. As an offspring of the Roman Empire, it inherited the Roman institution of slavery, which was in constant change in view of the changes that the medieval world underwent. The Byzantine Empire offers an ideal historical environment to examine questions about global slavery, questions that pertain to continuity and change, the destiny of ancient slavery in particular, and thanks to its geopolitical position, also to connectivity between different medieval enslaving societies.
Progressive Property: A Spatially Just Approach to Property?
Authors: Byer Amanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the progressive property school’s attempts to address property’s shortcomings, as it is one of the more recent critiques of the ownership model to have gained traction. The main characteristics of progressive property are described, and the contributions of prominent scholars are summarised in relation to virtue ethics, public trust and the common heritage of mankind. While noting that this school emerged in the specific cultural context of the US, and that its parameters are continuing to evolve, the chapter nevertheless outlines some conceptual limitations in progressive property thinking that have implications for developing a spatially just approach to property. The chapter concludes by reinforcing the importance of a legal geographical perspective when examining the law’s relationship with land.
A Pexider equation containing the aritmetic mean
Authors: Kiss Tibor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper we determine the solutions $$(\varphi ,f_1,f_2)$$

(
φ
,

f
1

,

f
2

)

of the Pexider functional equation $$\begin{aligned} \varphi \Big (\frac{x+y}{2}\Big )\big (f_1(x)-f_2(y)\big )=0,\qquad (x,y)\in I_1\times I_2, \end{aligned}$$

φ

(

x
+
y

2

)

(

f
1

(
x
)

-

f
2

(
y
)

)

=
0
,

(
x
,
y
)

∈

I
1

×

I
2

,

where $$I_1$$

I
1

and $$I_2$$

I
2

are nonempty open subintervals. Special cases of the above equation regularly arise in problems with two-variable means. We show that, under a rather weak regularity condition, the coordinate-functions of a typical solution of the equation are constant over several subintervals of their domain. The regularity condition in question will be that the set of zeros of $$\varphi $$
φ
is closed. We also discuss particular solutions where this condition is not met.
Kniegelenknahe Osteotomien: operative Planung mithilfe von CT-3-D-Analyse, patientenspezifischen Schnitt- und Korrekturblöcken
Authors: Vlachopoulos Lazaros , Fucentese Sandro F. 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Ziel ist, durch eine Osteotomie entweder die prätraumatischen anatomischen Verhältnisse wiederherzustellen oder die Belastung in weniger betroffene Kompartimente zu verlagern.

Indikationen
Die Indikation für computerassistierte 3‑D-Analyse und die Verwendung von patientenspezifischen Schnitt- und Korrekturschnittblöcken ist neben „einfachen“ Deformitäten insbesondere auch bei multidimensionalen komplexen (v. a. posttraumatischen) Deformitäten gegeben.

Kontraindikationen
Allgemeine Kontraindikationen für die Durchführung einer Computertomographie (CT) oder für einen offenen Zugang für die Durchführung der Operation.

Operationstechnik
Anhand CT-Untersuchungen der betroffenen und ggf. der kontralateralen gesunden Extremität als gesunde Vorlage (einschließlich Hüft‑, Knie- und Sprunggelenk) werden 3‑D-Computer-Modelle erzeugt, welche für die 3‑D-Analyse des Ausmaßes der Deformität als auch für die Berechnung der Korrekturparameter verwendet werden. Für die exakte und vereinfachte intraoperative Umsetzung des präoperativen Plans werden individualisierte Schablonen für die Osteotomie als auch die Reposition mittels 3‑D-Druck hergestellt.

Weiterbehandlung
Teilbelastung an Unterarmstützen ab dem ersten postoperativen Tag. Belastungsaufbau abhängig von den Röntgenkontrollen nach 6 Wochen. Keine Limitierung des Bewegungsumfangs.

Ergebnisse
Es gibt mehrere Studien, welche die Genauigkeit der Umsetzung der geplanten Korrektur für kniegelenknahe Korrekturosteotomien mit der Verwendung patientenspezifischer Schnitt- und Korrekturschnittblöcke analysiert haben mit vielversprechenden Ergebnissen.
Cholesterol crystal formation is a unifying pathogenic mechanism in the development of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Hammer Sandra S. , Dorweiler Tim F. , McFarland Delaney , Adu-Agyeiwaah Yvonne , Mast Natalia , El-Darzi Nicole , Fortmann Seth D. , Nooti Sunil , Agrawal Devendra K. , Pikuleva Irina A. , Abela George S. , Grant Maria B. , Busik Julia V. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Hyper-reflective crystalline deposits found in retinal lesions have been suggested to predict the progression of diabetic retinopathy, but the nature of these structures remains unknown.

Methods
Scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were used to identify cholesterol crystals (CCs) in human donor, pig and mouse tissue. The effects of CCs were analysed in bovine retinal endothelial cells in vitro and in db/db mice in vivo using quantitative RT-PCR, bulk RNA sequencing, and cell death and permeability assays. Cholesterol homeostasis was determined using 2H2O and 2H7-cholesterol.

Results
We identified hyper-reflective crystalline deposits in human diabetic retina as CCs. Similarly, CCs were found in the retina of a diabetic mouse model and a high-cholesterol diet-fed pig model. Cell culture studies demonstrated that treatment of retinal cells with CCs can recapitulate all major pathogenic mechanisms leading to diabetic retinopathy, including inflammation, cell death and breakdown of the blood–retinal barrier. Fibrates, statins and α-cyclodextrin effectively dissolved CCs present in in vitro models of diabetic retinopathy, and prevented CC-induced endothelial pathology. Treatment of a diabetic mouse model with α-cyclodextrin reduced cholesterol levels and CC formation in the retina, and prevented diabetic retinopathy.

Conclusions/interpretation
We established that cholesterol accumulation and CC formation are a unifying pathogenic mechanism in the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Graphical Abstract
Factors associated with low fruit and vegetable consumption among people with severe mental ill health
Authors: Lorimer Ben , Traviss-Turner Gemma , Hill Andrew , Baker Sarah , Gilbody Simon , Peckham Emily 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSevere mental ill health (SMI) is associated with excess mortality, and poor diet is one associated modifiable risk factor. This study investigated factors associated with low consumption of fruit and vegetables among people with SMI (N = 9914). A total of 8.4% of participants ate no portions per day, while only 15% ate 5 + portions. Individuals who never consumed fruit and vegetables or ate < 5 portions per day were more likely to be male, younger than 65, unemployed, experience poorer general health, or perceive health as unimportant. Poor diet is common among people with SMI and tailored dietary improvement interventions are required.
Restoration of the native tibial joint line obliquity in total knee arthroplasty with inverse kinematic alignment does not increase knee adduction moments
Authors: Winnock de Grave Philip , Van Criekinge Tamaya , Luyckx Thomas , Moreels Robin , Gunst Paul , Claeys Kurt 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposePatient‐specific alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has shown promising patient‐reported outcome measures; however, the clinical and biomechanical effects of restoring the native knee anatomy remain debated. The purpose of this study was to compare the gait pattern between a mechanically aligned TKA cohort (adjusted mechanical alignment—aMA) and a patient‐specific alignment TKA cohort (inverse kinematic alignment—iKA).MethodsAt two years postoperatively, the aMA and iKA groups, each with 15 patients, were analyzed in a retrospective case–control study. All patients underwent TKA with robotic assistance (Mako, Stryker) through an identical perioperative protocol. The patients’ demographics were identical. The control group comprised 15 healthy participants matched for age and gender. Gait analysis was performed with a 3D motion capture system (VICON). Data collection was conducted by a blinded investigator. The primary outcomes were knee flexion during walking, knee adduction moment during walking and spatiotemporal parameters (STPs). The secondary outcomes were the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Forgotten Joint Score (FJS).ResultsDuring walking, the maximum knee flexion did not differ between the iKA group (53.0°) and the control group (55.1°), whereas the aMA group showed lower amplitudes of sagittal motion (47.4°). In addition, the native limb alignment in the iKA group was better restored, and although more in varus, the knee adduction moments in the iKA group were not increased (225 N mm/kg) compared to aMA group (276 N mm/kg). No significant differences in STPs were observed between patients receiving iKA and healthy controls. Six of 7 STPs differed significantly between patients receiving aMA and healthy controls. The OKS was significantly better in patients receiving iKA than aMA: 45.4 vs. 40.9; p = 0.05. The FJS was significantly better in patients receiving iKA than aMA: 84.8 vs. 55.5; p = 0.002.ConclusionAt two years postoperatively, the gait pattern showed greater resemblance to that in healthy controls in patients receiving iKA rather than aMA. The restoration of the native coronal limb alignment does not lead to increased knee adduction moments due to the restoration of the native tibial joint line obliquity.
Level of evidenceLevel III.