bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of particle size of corn and stocking densities on the performance, carcass traits and gastrointestinal tract development of Muscovy ducks in housing
Authors: Maquiné Leandro de Carvalho , Rufino João Paulo Ferreira , Coelho Kelven Wladie dos Santos Almeida , Filho Gilberto Batista Viana , Chaves Francisco Alberto de Lima , Cruz Frank George Guimarães , Neto Pedro de Queiroz Costa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The current investigation was conducted to investigate the effects of different particle sizes of corn and stocking densities on performance, carcass traits and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development of Muscovy ducks in housing. 200 Muscovy ducks were distributed in a factorial scheme (2x2) where the treatments were constituted by two stocking densities (2 or 3 birds/m2) and two particle sizes of corn (6 or 8 mm), with five replicated of 10 birds each. At 1, 35, 70, and 90 days old, Muscovy ducks were slaughtered using cervical dislocation method to evaluate the development of heart and GIT. Muscovy ducks managed in the density of 3 birds/m2 presented higher (P < 0.05) GIT development, performance and carcass traits regardless of age evaluated. In the same way, Muscovy ducks fed diets using a particle size of corn of 6 mm (Mean Geometric Diameter (MGD) = 781 µm) presented higher (P < 0.05) GIT development, performance and carcass traits regardless of age evaluated. Conclusively, the stocking density of 3 birds/m2 and the particle size of corn of 6 mm (MGD = 781 µm) were considered ideal recommendations for Muscovy ducks, providing higher GIT development, which resulted in better performance and carcass traits.
Combining ultrahigh index with exceptional
nonlinearity in resonant transition metal
dichalcogenide nanodisks
Authors: Shegai Timur , Zograf George , Polyakov Alexander , Bancerek Maria , Antosiewicz Tomasz , Kücüköz Betül 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Second-order nonlinearity in solids gives rise to a plethora of unique physical phenomena ranging from piezoelectricity and optical rectification to optical parametric amplification, spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and the generation of entangled photon pairs. Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS2, exhibit one of the highest known second-order nonlinear coefficients. However, the monolayer nature of these materials prevents the fabrication of resonant objects exclusively from the material itself, necessitating the use of external structures to achieve optical enhancement of nonlinear processes. Here, we exploit the 3R phase of a molybdenum disulfide multilayer for resonant nonlinear nanophotonics. The lack of inversion symmetry, even in the bulk of the material, provides a combination of a massive second-order susceptibility, an extremely high and anisotropic refractive index in the near-infrared region (n > 4.5), and low absorption losses, making 3R-MoS2 highly attractive for nonlinear nanophotonics. We demonstrate this by fabricating 3R-MoS2 nanodisks of various radii, which support resonant anapole states, and observing substantial (> 100-fold) enhancement of second-harmonic generation in a single resonant nanodisk compared to an unpatterned flake of the same thickness. The enhancement is maximized at the spectral overlap between the anapole state of the disk and the material resonance of the second-order susceptibility. Our approach unveils a powerful tool for enhancing the entire spectrum of optical second-order nonlinear processes in nanostructured van der Waals materials, thereby paving the way for nonlinear and quantum high-index TMD-nanophotonics.
Mechanism of the High-Speed and Long-Run-out Landslide Considering the Evolution of the Frictional Heat in the Sliding Zone
Authors: Zhang Yanfeng , Zhang Wengang , Wang Luqi , Xiao Ting , Meng Xuanyu , Zhang Zhihua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A unified and systematic understanding of the dynamic mechanism of high-speed and long-run-out landslides has not been achieved due to the fast-movement speed and long sliding distance. It is difficult to explain the evolution process using conventional dynamic methods. In this study, the evolution of the frictional heat in the sliding zone and dynamic process of the Guang'an Village landslide were studied through field investigation and MatDEM numerical simulation software. A nucleated high-heat area was formed near the sliding zone, and it expanded in the forward motion direction during the sliding. The high-heat area corresponded to the trajectory projection of the thickest part of the sliding mass. It was difficult for the heat generated by the friction in the sliding zone to dissipate during the few seconds of the sliding process, and 80% of the heat was stored in the rock and soil near the sliding zone, causing the temperature of these materials to increase sharply. The connection state diagram and heat field diagram of the MatDEM unit intuitively showed the fracture development process in the sliding mass and sliding bed. The results of this study provide an important reference for the evolution mechanism of high-speed and long-run-out landslides.
Di-Dang-Tang ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia rats via inhibition of ferroptosis through PGK1/NRF2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ma Junjie , Li Zhiyuan , Jiang Yongxia , Jiang Yongqu , Liu Xiaoli , Hu Yue , Yang Zhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Expanding the horizon of patient informed consent: beyond the written word
Authors: Schulz Alexandra , Bohnet-Joschko Sabine 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background This study aims to investigate the integration of modern sources of patient information, such as videos, internet-based resources, and scientific abstracts, into the traditional patient informed consent process in outpatient elective surgeries. The goal is to optimize the informed consent experience, enhance patient satisfaction, and promote SDM between patients and surgeons. By exploring different patient informed consent formats and their impact on patient satisfaction, this research seeks to improve healthcare practices and ultimately enhance patient outcomes. The findings of this study will contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve the informed consent process in public hospitals and advance patient-centred care.Methods Data collection occurred at the day care clinic of a prominent German public hospital, forming an integral component of a prospective clinical investigation. The study exclusively focused on individuals who had undergone surgical intervention for skin cancer. For the purpose of meticulous data examination, the statistical software SPSS version 21 was harnessed. In the course of this study, a chi-square test was aptly employed. Its purpose was to scrutinize the nuances in patient experiences pertaining to informed consent across four distinct categories, viz., oral informed consent discussion (Oral ICD), written informed consent discussion (Written ICD), video-assisted informed consent discussion (video-assisted ICD), and digitally assisted informed consent discussion (digital-assisted ICD). The primary dataset of this inquiry was diligently gathered via a structured questionnaire administered to a targeted cohort of 160 patients. Within this sample, a balanced representation of genders was observed, encompassing 82 males and 78 females. Their collective age span ranged from 18 to 92 years, with an average age of 71 years. A randomized selection methodology was employed to include participants in this study during the period spanning from July 2017 to August 2018.Results Significant differences were observed across the groups for all research questions, highlighting variations in patient responses. Video-assisted and digital-assisted IC were rated as superior in patient satisfaction with information compared to written and oral IC. Demographic profiles of the four study groups were found to be comparable.Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that the incorporation of digital technologies in the informed consent process can enhance patient understanding during outpatient elective skin cancer surgeries. These results have important implications for increasing patient satisfaction and improving the SDM process within the hospital environment.
New species and record of Entolomatoid fungi (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Abdul Nasir , Razzaq Fauzia , Naseer Arooj , Kanwal Sobia , Qasim Tayyaba 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Taxonomic investigations on the familyEntolomataceaehave been conducted in Pakistan through surveys from 2018 to 2022. By combining morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS sequences, three new speciesEntoloma khanuspurensis,E. pakistanicum, andRhodophana margallensis, and one previously unrecorded speciesE. albotomentosumare introduced from Pakistan. This study marks the first report of the genusRhodophanain Pakistan.
A Reappraisal of the Preventive Effect of Statins on the Development of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Wei Yi-Hsuan , Hsu Grace Chia-Yen , Shih Shyang-Rong , Liao Shu Lang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background/ Objectives: Recent studies have shown that statins decrease the risk of development of Graves’ ophthalmopathy, although most studies were based on Caucasian cohorts. Our study aims to identify the protective and risk factors for the development of Graves’ ophthalmopathy and the role of statin in newly diagnosed Taiwanese Graves’ disease patients.
Subjects/ Methods: This was a tertiary hospital-based retrospective cohort including Graves’ disease patients newly diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 at National Taiwan University Hospital. A total of 3,578 patients with Graves’ disease met the inclusion criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the odds ratio of developing Graves’ ophthalmopathy, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, management of Graves’ disease and thyroid hormone levels to identify protective and risk factors of Graves’ ophthalmopathy.
Results: Usage of statins reduced the risk of Graves’ ophthalmopathy development (odds ratio = 0.2; 95% CI 0.08 ~ 0.50; p < .001) in our multivariate model. Thyroid dysfunction including hyperthyroidism (odds ratio = 4.2; 95% CI 2.97 to 5.88; p < .001) and hypothyroidism (odds ratio = 4.7; 95% CI 3.02 to 7.19; p < .001) both showed an increased risk of developing Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Smoking status and lipid profile did not show as a risk factor.
Conclusions: In newly diagnosed Graves’ disease patients, the use of statins decreased the risk of developing Graves’ ophthalmopathy by 80% while serum lipid levels were not found to be risk factors. Further nationwide population-based studies will help clarify the differences in risk factors between ethnic groups.
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate and anthropometric determinants in school children from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kyejo Willbroad , Matillya Nancy , Ismail Neelam , Gachocha Gloria , Salum Hajaj , Iseme Rosebella , Noorani Mariam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Peak expiratory flow rate is an important tool for assessing lung function, which can be affected by environmental and physical factors such as altitude, nutrition, genetics, age, height, and weight. Conducting a study to assess the correlation between peak expiratory flow rate and anthropometric measurements in Tanzanian schoolchildren is crucial to derive a population-specific prediction formula and further simplify respiratory health assessment.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a single center private primary and secondary school in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania using data from an asthma screening camp. Variables of interest were height, weight, Body Mass Index and PEFR. Independent t-test was performed to identify any differences in mean flow rate values between different ethnicities and genders. Correlation coefficients (r) were used to observe the relationship between PEFR and anthropometric measurements. A prediction equation was generated using linear regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at the 5% level. All statistical data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: The study involved 260 participants with a mean age of 9.5 years. Males were 51.2% and 65% of participants were of Asian ethnicity. PEFR was not observed to differ across the different ethnic groups and genders. Height was found to have the strongest correlation coefficient of 0.745, while BMI had the weakest correlation coefficient of 0.366. The strongest correlation was found with height for females (r =0.787), while the weakest was with BMI for boys (r = 0.203). A prediction equation was derived as follows: PEFR = 293.04(Height of Student in meters) – 157.362
Conclusion: This study found a strong correlation between PEFR and anthropometric characteristics in school children from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. It developed a predictive equation for PEFR based on their anthropometric characteristics, which may be applied in population-based studies or where peak flow meters are not conveniently accessible. Further research is needed to explore how well this prediction formula performs in other Tanzanian settings and to determine other factors that may affect lung function in this population.
Ultrathin, ultralight dual-scale fibrous networks with high infrared transmittance for high-performance, comfortable and sustainable PM0.3 air filter
Authors: Lai Yuekun , Yang Yuchen , Li Xiangshun , Qiu Qiaohua , Zhou Zhiyong , Chen Wenjing , Huang Jianying , Cai Weilong , Qin Xiaohong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Ultrathin, ultralight and radiative cooling fiber filter contributes to its wearing comfort and sustainability of raw materials. Nevertheless, to simultaneously endow the filter with above merits and ability of efficiently removing highly permeable particulate matter (PM) is still riddled with challenges. Herein, a facile yet massive strategy is developed to controllably prepare the high-performance, comfortable and sustainable filter with infrared transmittance of more than 80%. By tailoring the antibacterial surfactant-triggered splitting of charged jets, the hierarchically dual-scale fibrous networks, consisting of continuous nanofibers (44 ± 12 nm) and submicron-fibers (159 ± 32 nm), are fabricated by one-step electrospinning technique. Due to the unique structural characteristics, the membrane presents extremely low thickness of 1.49 µm (only 55 times thinner than single human hair) and base weight of 0.57 g/m2 (over 35 times lighter than commercial melt-blown filters) but superior protective performances (over 99.95% PM0.3 removal, excellent and durable antibacterial ability). Meanwhile, it possesses prominent wearing comfort of low air resistance (120 Pa), high heat dissipation (8.4 ℃ lower than N95 mask) and moisture permeability (9653 g/m2·24 h). More significantly, the ultralight filter can save more than 97% raw materials than commercial N95 nonwovens, enabling itself to be the sustainable and economic candidate for core protective materials. This work may offer a new paradigm for developing advanced and sustainable personal proteceive materials.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Non-response among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kokogho Afoke , Crowell Trevor A. , Bain Paul A. , Popal Sudaba , Aleissa Muneerah , Chang Jun Bai Park , Aleissa Deema , Osamade Agho , Novack Lewis A. , Heithoff August , Baden Lindsey R. , Sherman Amy C. , Walsh Stephen R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are uniquely vulnerable to adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Small, mostly observational studies suggest that some HSCT recipients may not generate protective antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence and identify predictors of vaccine non-response.
Methods
A comprehensive search of electronic databases, including MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), and the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register was conducted on January 20, 2023. We defined a non-response as not achieving a seroconversion (positive anti-S IgG titer) after receiving at least two vaccine doses, indicated by study-specific assay cut-off value. Only studies assessing COVID-19 vaccine induced antibody (anti-S IgG) responses in adult (≥ 18 years) HSCT recipients were included. With 95% confidence intervals (CI) across all studies, a random-effects model was used to combine the pooled effect sizes. Quality and risk of bias assessment were determined using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and ROBINS-I tool, respectively.
Results
Out of 903 unique articles identified and 439 screened, 45 were included in this analysis comprising 4568 participants. Pooled absent sero-conversion was 20% (95% CI: 17% − 24%) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 95.10%) among included studies (1 clinical trial, 1 cross-sectional study, 1 case-control study, and 42 observational cohort studies). Subgroup analyses showed no difference between autologous [0.21 (95%CI 0.12–0.31)] and allogeneic [0.20 (95%CI 0.17–0.24)] transplant recipients. Identified predictors of non-response included time interval between transplantation and vaccination (< 12 months), concurrent anti-CD20 therapy, and specific treatments (high-dose glucocorticosteroid, calcineurin inhibitor, and anti-thymocyte globulin) for graft versus host disease. No publication bias was observed but the Galbraith’s plot asymmetry showed evidence of small-study effects.
Conclusion
Our findings emphasize the significant prevalence of non-responsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in HSCT recipients and underscore need for close monitoring and aggressive risk factor management in this immunocompromised population.
Combination of transnasal ileus tube and local small intestine artery perfusion chemotherapy for late malignant small bowel obstruction
Authors: Li Er-Sheng , Zhai Yin-Jun , Han Yin , Chang Qiang , Wang Qi , Zhang Hong-Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) caused by peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common complication of advanced abdominal malignancies, and surgical treatment provides little benefit. To investigate the decompression efficacy of transnasal ileus tube combined with local arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced malignant small intestine obstruction.Methods 109 patients diagnosed with malignant intestinal obstruction between January 2016 and December 2022 in our hospital were divided into the ileus tube + local infusion chemotherapy group (test group, n = 51) and the ileus tube group (control group, n = 58). The control group only received catheter decompression therapy, while the test group used ileus tube combined with local arterial infusion chemotherapy. The data on the technical success, initial and final angiographic results, GPS scores, KPS scores and the final clinical outcome were collected and follow-up was performed at 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-months, and yearly after the procedures.Results All patients had successful placement of the ileus tube and local infusion chemotherapy without complications. The average catheter duration in the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The final clinical follow-up showed that the remission rate of intestinal obstruction symptoms in the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05, 84.3% vs 22%), and the survival time of patients in the test group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Finally, although the GPS and KPS scores of both groups decreased significantly after surgery, compared with the control group, the test group had a more significant decrease and significant differences at each follow-up period (P < 0.05).Conclusion Compared with ileus tube group, the ileus tube combined with local small bowel arterial infusion chemotherapy can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms of malignant small intestinal obstruction and prolong patients' survival time, which is worth promoting clinically.
GAS-Luc2 Reporter Cell Lines for Immune Checkpoint Drug Screening in Solid Tumors
Authors: Chang Hyeyoun , Tyo Kevin , Foulke John , Chen Luping , Tian Fang , Gu Zhizhan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recent studies highlight the integral role of the interferon gamma receptor pathway in T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against solid but not liquid tumors. IFNγ not only directly facilitates tumor cell death by T cells but also indirectly promotes cytotoxicity via myeloid phagocytosis. Meanwhile, full human ex vivo immune checkpoint drug screening remains challenging. We hypothesized engineered gamma interferon activation site response element luciferase reporter (GAS-Luc2) can be utilized for immune checkpoint drug screening in ex vivo T cell – solid tumor cell coculture systems. We comprehensively profiled cell surface proteins in ATCC’s extensive collection of tumor and immune cell lines, identifying established and novel immune checkpoint molecules and binding ligands. We then engineered GAS-Luc2 reporter tumor cell lines expressing immune checkpoints PD-L1, CD155, and B7-H3/CD276. Luciferase expression was suppressed upon relevant immune checkpoint – ligand engagement. In the presence of an immune checkpoint inhibitor, T cells released IFNγ, activating the JAK-STAT pathway in GAS-Luc2 cells, generating a quantifiable bioluminescent signal for inhibitor evaluation. These reporter lines also detected paracrine IFNγ signaling for immune checkpoint targeted ADCC drug screening. Further development into artificial antigen-presenting cell line (aAPC) significantly enhanced T cell signaling for superior performance in these immune checkpoint drug screening platforms.