bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement and Impact of Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis in Low-Risk Patients: LRT Trial 4-Year Outcomes
Authors: Waksman Ron , Bhogal Sukhdeep , Gordon Paul , Ehsan Afshin , Wilson Sean R. , Levitt Robert , Parikh Puja , Bilfinger Thomas , Hanna Nicholas , Buchbinder Maurice , Asch Federico M. , Kim Francis Y. , Weissman Gaby , Ben-Dor Itsik , Shults Christian C. , Ali Syed , Sutton Joseph A. , Shea Corey , Zhang Cheng , Garcia-Garcia Hector M. , Satler Lowell F. , Rogers Toby 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The LRT trial (Low-Risk Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement [TAVR]) demonstrated the safety and feasibility of TAVR in low-risk patients, with excellent 1- and 2-year outcomes. The objective of the current study is to provide the overall clinical outcomes and the impact of 30-day hypoattenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) on structural valve deterioration at 4 years.

Methods:
The prospective, multicenter LRT trial was the first Food and Drug Administration-approved investigational device exemption study to evaluate feasibility and safety of TAVR in low-risk patients with symptomatic severe tricuspid aortic stenosis. Clinical outcomes and valve hemodynamics were documented annually through 4 years.

Results:

A total of 200 patients were enrolled, and follow-up was available on 177 patients at 4 years. The rates of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death were 11.9% and 3.3%, respectively. The stroke rate rose from 0.5% at 30 days to 7.5% at 4 years, and permanent pacemaker implantation rose from 6.5% at 30 days to 11.7% at 4 years. Endocarditis was detected in 2.5% of the cohort, with no new cases reported between 2 and 4 years. Transcatheter heart valve hemodynamics remained excellent post-procedure and were maintained (mean gradient 12.56±5.54 mm Hg and aortic valve area 1.69±0.52 cm
2
) at 4 years. At 30 days, HALT was observed in 14% of subjects who received a balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve. There was no difference in valve hemodynamics between patients with and without HALT (mean gradient 14.94±5.01 mm Hg versus 12.3±5.57 mm Hg;
P
=0.23) at 4 years. The overall rate of structural valve deterioration was 5.8%, and there was no impact of HALT on valve hemodynamics, endocarditis, or stroke at 4 years.

Conclusions:
TAVR in low-risk patients with symptomatic severe tricuspid aortic stenosis was found to be safe and durable at 4 years. Structural valve deterioration rates were low irrespective of the type of valve, and the presence of HALT at 30 days did not affect structural valve deterioration, transcatheter valve hemodynamics, and stroke rate at 4 years.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02628899.
Precarity and Possibility
Authors: Atwood Blake 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
At first glance, Iran and Lebanon may appear to have very little in common when it comes to state intervention in the media economy. The Iranian government oversees nearly every aspect of media production, distribution, and exhibition, while the Lebanese state exercises relatively little oversight of media and offers no financial or infrastructural support to the country’s robust creative industries. Given the divergent approaches to regulating media in Iran and Lebanon, we might expect each to yield vastly different media labor conditions. Yet in this article, I argue the opposite. I demonstrate how the two extremes foster informal labor practices that are remarkably similar. By bringing together these two unlikely case studies, I advocate for informality as a constitutive feature of Middle Eastern media. Such a claim expands the growing body of scholarship on media labor by accounting for the triangulation of informality, state regulation, and worker subjectivity.
Collecting contemporary art in Rotterdam between 1870 and 1892: The international taste of Fop Smit Jr (1815-1892)
Authors: De Visser Evelien 
Published: May 2023

The extensive international art collection of the now virtually forgotten Rotterdam collector Fop Smit Jr (1815-1892) included as many as 240 contemporary European genre paintings and several works by renowned artists of the Barbizon School. After Smit’s death, his collection was divided among his family. The recent discovery of a two-part album containing photographs of the works of art he owned made it possible to reconstruct his collection for the first time.
Based on extensive provenance and archival research, his collection is analysed and placed in the context of collecting contemporary art in Rotterdam and the Netherlands in the 1870s and 1890s. This reveals that Smit’s collection differed from the prevailing Dutch taste at that time. It was distinctly internationally oriented as well as larger than most other Dutch collections. Moreover, Smit did not combine paintings with works on paper or old master art, as was customary. Other Rotterdam collectors exhibit an international orientation similar to Smit’s. This is partly because, like him, they were advised by Rotterdam art dealers such as Jos de Kuyper, Jan van Mastenbroek and Willem Hendrik Köhler.
In his collecting pursuits, Fop Smit was guided by his mercantile ethos. He was a shipowner and came from a successful family of shipbuilders. In addition, he owned stocks and bonds at home and abroad worth several million guilders. His collection and motives for collecting dovetailed with the development of the growing international art market, in which Smit can be considered as one of the new, upper-middle-class collectors in a position to compete with other industrialists and for whom money was no object.
Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability “Tube” and “Knot” Dynamics. Part I: Expanding Observational Evidence of Occurrence and Environmental Influences
Authors: Fritts David C. , Baumgarten Gerd , Pautet P.-Dominique , Hecht James H. , Williams Bifford P. , Kaifler Natalie , Kaifler Bernd , Kjellstrand C. Bjorn , Wang Ling , Taylor Michael J. , Miller Amber D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multiple recent observations in the mesosphere have revealed large-scale Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities (KHI) exhibiting diverse spatial features and temporal evolutions. The first event reported by Hecht et al. exhibited multiple features resembling those seen to arise in early laboratory shear-flow studies described as “tube” and “knot” (T&K) dynamics by Thorpe. The potential importance of T&K dynamics in the atmosphere, and in the oceans and other stratified and sheared fluids, is due to their accelerated turbulence transitions and elevated energy dissipation rates relative to KHI turbulence transitions occurring in their absence. Motivated by these studies, we survey recent observational evidence of multiscale Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities throughout the atmosphere, many features of which closely resemble T&K dynamics observed in the laboratory and idealized initial modeling. These efforts will guide further modeling assessing the potential importance of these T&K dynamics in turbulence generation, energy dissipation, and mixing throughout the atmosphere and other fluids. We expect these dynamics to have implications for parameterizing mixing and transport in stratified shear flows in the atmosphere and oceans that have not been considered to date. Companion papers describe results of a multiscale gravity wave direct numerical simulation (DNS) that serendipitously exhibits a number of KHI T&K events and an idealized multiscale DNS of KHI T&K dynamics without gravity wave influences.

Significance Statement
Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities (KHI) occur throughout the atmosphere and induce turbulence and mixing that need to be represented in weather prediction and other models of the atmosphere and oceans. This paper documents recent atmospheric evidence for widespread, more intense, features of KHI dynamics that arise where KH billows are initially discontinuous, misaligned, or varying along their axes. These features initiate strong local vortex interactions described as “tubes” and “knots” in early laboratory experiments, suggested by, but not recognized in, earlier atmospheric and oceanic profiling, and only recently confirmed in newer, high-resolution atmospheric imaging and idealized modeling to date.
Applicability of CMIP5 and CMIP6 Models in China: Reproducibility of Historical Simulation and Uncertainty of Future Projection
Authors: Jia Qimeng , Jia Haifeng , Li Yijia , Yin Dingkun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
General circulation model (GCM) outputs archived by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) are widely used for climate projection. A comprehensive evaluation of the applicability of GCMs is crucial for generating reliable projections. However, previous GCM evaluation studies mainly focused on the reproducibility of the historical simulation to the observation data, ignoring the uncertainty involved in the future climate projection. In this study, an innovative and comprehensive index, named the history–future applicability score (HFAS), is proposed for evaluating the applicability of GCMs. Through incorporating the Taylor skill score (S) and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) within a general framework, the HFAS can reflect both the historical reproducibility and future uncertainty of GCMs. The HFAS framework is applied to quantitatively evaluating the skills of 28 GCMs (14 from CMIP5 and 14 from CMIP6) in modeling temperature and precipitation at 631 reference sites across China. Results indicate that (i) both CMIP5 and CMIP6 models underestimate the historical temperature of China and overestimate the historical precipitation; (ii) the total uncertainties in future temperature and precipitation projections increase along with time; compared to CMIP5, temperature uncertainty of CMIP6 is narrowed, while the precipitation uncertainty is increased; (iii) taking into account historical reproducibility and future uncertainty, CMIP6 models generally have increased applicability compared to CMIP5; and (iv) the best-performing GCMs in modeling temperature and precipitation of China are ACCESS-CM2 and MPI-ESM-LR, respectively, with the HFAS being 68.4 and 63.5. The findings are helpful for researchers to select locally appropriate GCMs and generate reliable regional climate projection.
The Influence of Large-Scale Radiation Anomalies on Tropical Cyclone Frequency
Authors: Hsieh Tsung-Lin , Zhang Bosong , Yang Wenchang , Vecchi Gabriel A. , Zhao Ming , Soden Brian J. , Wang Chenggong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The response of tropical cyclone (TC) frequency to sea surface warming is uncertain in climate models. We hypothesize that one source of uncertainty is the anomalies of large-scale atmospheric radiation in response to climate change, and whose influence on TC frequency is investigated. Given two atmospheric models with opposite TC frequency responses to uniform sea surface warming, we interchange their atmospheric radiation anomalies in experiments with prescribed radiative heating rates. The largest model discrepancy occurs in the western North Pacific, where the TC frequency tends to increase with anomalous large-scale ascent caused by prescribed positive radiation anomalies, while the TC frequency tends to decrease with anomalous large-scale descent caused by prescribed negative radiation anomalies. The model spread in TC frequency response is approximated by the model spread in the frequency response of pre-TC vortices (seeds), which is explained by changes in the large-scale circulation using a downscaling formula known as the seed propensity index. We further generalize the index to predict the influence of large-scale radiation anomalies on TC seed frequency. The results show that model spread in TC and seed frequency response can be reduced when constraining the large-scale radiation anomalies.

Significance Statement
It is difficult to predict whether tropical cyclones will occur more or less frequently in the future and by how much. We show that tropical cyclone frequency is strongly influenced by the global pattern of heating and cooling due to radiation, a process that has been neglected in existing theories. Our theory improves understanding of how tropical cyclones respond to climate change, explaining why one model may predict a frequency increase while a different but equally realistic model may predict a frequency decrease. One reason for the difficulty in predicting tropical cyclone frequency is found to be the difficulty in predicting how global cloud distribution will change in the future.
Assessing Public Interpretation of Original and Linguist-Suggested SPC Risk Categories in Spanish
Authors: Bitterman Abby , Krocak Makenzie J. , Ripberger Joseph T. , Ernst Sean , Trujillo-Falcón Joseph E. , Gaviria Pabón América , Silva Carol , Jenkins-Smith Hank 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recent work has shown that the words used in the Storm Prediction Center’s convective outlook are not easily understood by members of the public. Furthermore, Spanish translations of the outlook information have also been shown to have interpretation challenges. This study uses survey data collected from the Severe Weather and Society Spanish Survey, a survey of Spanish speakers across the United States, to evaluate how U.S. residents receive, understand, and respond to weather forecasts and warnings. For this experiment, respondents were tasked with ranking the words and colors used in the SPC’s convective outlook. They were randomly assigned either 1) the words originally used by the SPC for Spanish translations or 2) a set of words suggested by linguistic experts familiar with Spanish dialects in the United States. We find Spanish speakers have similar challenges to English speakers when ordering the words the SPC uses. When using the translations proposed by the linguistic experts, we find the majority of Spanish speakers ranked the words in the intended order of associated risk. Spanish speakers also displayed similar ranking distributions for the colors in the outlook as English speakers, where both groups ranked red as the highest level of risk. These findings suggest the original translations used by the SPC convective outlook create barriers for Spanish speakers and that the expert translations more effectively communicate severe weather hazards to Spanish-speaking members of the public.

Significance Statement
The SPC’s convective outlook provides important information about the risk posed by severe storms to members of the public. While the SPC had official Spanish translations for the categorical labels used in the outlook, it was believed anecdotally that there was a disconnect between the words the SPC was using and the way the translated outlook was being interpreted by Spanish-speaking members of the public. This work verifies previous beliefs about the original translation set and confirms the reliability of a new set of translations developed by linguistic experts among Spanish-speaking members of the public.
A Multimodel Real-Time System for Global Probabilistic Subseasonal Forecasts of Precipitation and Temperature
Authors: Robertson Andrew W. , Yuan Jing , Tippett Michael K. , Cousin Rémi , Hall Kyle , Acharya Nachiketa , Singh Bohar , Muñoz Ángel G. , Collins Dan , LaJoie Emerson , Infanti Johnna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A global multimodel probabilistic subseasonal forecast system for precipitation and near-surface temperature is developed based on three NOAA ensemble prediction systems that make their forecasts available publicly in real time as part of the Subseasonal Experiment (SubX). The weekly and biweekly ensemble means of precipitation and temperature of each model are individually calibrated at each grid point using extended logistic regression, prior to forming equal-weighted multimodel ensemble (MME) probabilistic forecasts. Reforecast skill of week-3–4 precipitation and temperature is assessed in terms of the cross-validated ranked probability skill score (RPSS) and reliability diagram. The multimodel reforecasts are shown to be well calibrated for both variables. Precipitation is moderately skillful over many tropical land regions, including Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, and over subtropical South America, Africa, and Australia. Near-surface temperature skill is considerably higher than for precipitation and extends into the extratropics as well. The multimodel RPSS skill of both precipitation and temperature is shown to exceed that of any of the constituent models over Indonesia, South Asia, South America, and East Africa in all seasons. An example real-time week-3–4 global forecast for 13–26 November 2021 is illustrated and shown to bear the hallmarks of the combined influences of a moderate Madden–Julian oscillation event as well as weak–moderate ongoing La Niña event.

Significance Statement
This paper develops a system for forecasting of precipitation and temperatures globally over land, several weeks in advance, with a focus on biweekly averaged conditions between three and four weeks ahead. The system provides the likelihood of biweekly and weekly conditions being below, near, or above their long-term averages, as well the probability of exceeding (or not exceeding) any threshold value. Using historical data, the precipitation forecasts are demonstrated to have skill in many tropical regions, and the temperature forecasts are more widely skillful. While weather and seasonal range forecasts have become quite generally available, this is one of the first examples of a publicly available, calibrated multimodel probabilistic real-time forecasting system for the subseasonal range.
Competences for promoting mental health in primary school
Authors: Lahti Mari , Korhonen Joonas , Sakellari Evanthia , Notara Venetia , Lagiou Areti , Istomina Natalja , Grubliauskienė Jūratė , Makutienė Monika , Šukytė Daiva , Erjavec Karmen , Petrova Gergana , Lalova Valentina , Ivanova Svetla , Laaksonen Camilla 
Published: May 2023

Background: The mental health od school-age children is of growing concern in many countries. School professionals require the competences and methods to intervene effectively to promote mental health in schools. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe school professionals’ perceptions of the competences needed and effective methods to promote mental health in primary schools. Design and setting: Qualitative study conducted in five European countries. Method: Multidisciplinary focus group interviews were conducted with teachers, school nurses, psychologists and social workers in Greece ( n = 2), Lithuania ( n = 3), Slovenia ( n = 2), Bulgaria ( n = 2) and Finland ( n = 2). Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Competences perceived as required for mental health promotion in primary schools were related to (1) knowledge of child development and mental health among primary school age children, (2) skills such as communication and empathy and (3) teachers’ self perception as health promoters. Insufficient attention is currently given to the development of these competences in basic teacher education and ongoing professional development. Providing a safe and inclusive school environment for children and families, early intervention and the use of structured models of support were viewed as effective approaches to use. Digital tools, online materials, and online support were seen as having a valuable role to play in children’s mental health promotion. Conclusion: School professionals require multiple competences to undertake mental health promotion in primary schools. The development of these competences is best supported by basic and ongoing education. Teachers, school nurses, psychologists and social workers see mixed methods as likely to be most effective in promoting mental health in primary schools.
Suicide literacy mediates the path from religiosity to suicide stigma among Muslim community adults: Cross-sectional data from four Arab countries
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Daher-Nashif Suhad , Stambouli Manel , Alhuwailah Amthal , Helmy Mai , Shuwiekh Hanaa Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Lemine Cheikh Mohamed Fadel , Radwan Eqbal , Saquib Juliann , Saquib Nazmus , Fawaz Mirna , Zarrouq Btissame , Naser Abdallah Y , Obeid Sahar , Saleh Maan , Haider Sanad , Miloud Lahmer , Badrasawi Manal , Hamdan-Mansour Ayman , Barbato Mariapaola , Bakhiet Aisha , Sayem Najat , Adawi Samir , Grein Fatheya , Loch Alexandre Andrade , Cheour Majda , Hallit Souheil 
Published: May 2023

Background: The majority of research attention has been devoted to the link between religiosity and suicide risk, and a considerable amount of studies has been carried out on how stigma impacts individuals with mental health problems of different kinds. However, the interplay between religiosity, suicide literacy and suicide stigma has seldom been empirically researched, especially quantitatively. We sought through this study to redress the imbalance of research attention by examining the relationship between religiosity and suicide stigma; and the indirect and moderating effects of suicide literacy on this relationship. Method: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among Arab-Muslim adults originating from four Arab countries (Egypt: N = 1029, Kuwait: N = 2182, Lebanon N = 781, Tunisia N = 2343; Total sample: N = 6335). The outcome measures included the Arabic Religiosity Scale which taps into variation in the degree of religiosity, the Stigma of Suicide Scale-short form to the solicit degree of stigma related to suicide, and the Literacy of Suicide Scale explores knowledge and understanding of suicide. Results: Our Mediation analyses findings showed that literacy of suicide partially mediated the association between religiosity and stigmatizing attitude toward suicide. Higher religiosity was significantly associated with less literacy of suicide; higher literacy of suicide was significantly associated with less stigma of suicide. Finally, higher religiosity was directly and significantly associated with more stigmatization attitude toward suicide. Conclusion: We contribute the literature by showing, for the first time, that suicide literacy plays a mediating role in the association between religiosity and suicide stigma in a sample of Arab-Muslim community adults. This preliminarily suggests that the effects of religiosity on suicide stigma can be modifiable through improving suicide literacy. This implies that interventions targeting highly religious individuals should pay dual attention to increasing suicide literacy and lowering suicide stigma.