bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A digital microfluidic chip with programmable open system actuation and enhanced optical annealing with near‐infrared light
Authors: Lepard Sydney , Spotts Isaac , Brodie C. Harrison , Leclerc Camille A. , Eswar Rahul , Li Huiyan , Collier Christopher M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work investigates a digital microfluidic chip and presents an advancement to microfluidic optical annealing methods through the application of whispering gallery mode (WGM) with near infrared excitation. Establishing a microfluidic chip with point‐of‐care capabilities, including actuation and annealing, has proven to be important. Unfortunately, poor heat absorption due to the long optical penetration depth of near infrared light creates scaling limitations for applications in optical‐based microfluidics. Through the application of WGM, the interaction length between the droplet and light is increased beyond the droplet diameter to improve heating and optical absorption. This is supported by finite‐difference time‐domain electromagnetic simulations and experimental results showing a greatly improved temperature change. Such a system is implemented in an open system digital microfluidic chip, to facilitate annealing via side illumination of droplets. The open system digital microfluidic chip is programmable for droplet actuation. The fundamental experiment of preprogrammed actuation of microdroplets is demonstrated in a 36 electrode grid. The results of annealing and actuation show potential for implementation in point‐of‐care microfluidic devices.
Monetary policy and exchange rate anomalies in set‐identified SVARs: Revisited
Authors: Rüth Sebastian K. , Van der Veken Wouter 
Published: July 2023

SummarySet‐identified vector autoregressions typically document violations of uncovered interest rate parity (forward discount puzzle) and gradual appreciation–depreciation cycles of exchange rates (delayed overshooting puzzle) following contractionary monetary policy shocks. We revisit both anomalies in a framework similar to Kim et al. (2017, JPE). We complement their identifying restrictions on how monetary policy affects the economy with restrictions on (i) how monetary policy reacts to the economy and (ii) historical monetary policy innovations. In this hybrid identification, no major forward discount premia emerge. Once we additionally impose that monetary policy propagates through domestic financial conditions, exchange rates also overshoot with less delay.
Social determinants of mental health: Implications for measurement, research, and evaluation
Authors: Mason Sarah , Ragan Moira , Gilbert Stephanie Hope , Lenz A. Stephen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this article, we seek to broaden perspectives on program evaluation in the mental health domain. We argue that the social determinants of mental health (SDMH) framework can serve as a theory, within the context of theory‐driven evaluation, to guide evaluation practice in counseling and mental health. We posit that applying an SDMH framework enables evaluators to conduct more holistic, systems‐focused, and useful evaluations of mental health programs. The SDMH framework facilitates this by (1) serving as an empirically based framework to guide discussions about program design and improvement, (2) helping evaluators identify the most critical constructs to measure, and (3) connecting evaluators to previously validated instruments that measure those constructs. Additionally, through use of the SDMH framework, evaluators gain access to a literature base that helps build understanding of how to interpret evaluation findings. In contrast to traditional, goal‐oriented evaluation, such a theory‐driven approach has multiple advantages.
Synthesis of isoamyl hexanoate catalyzed by deep eutectic solvent based on benzyltrimethylammonium chloride:RSMandANNoptimization and kinetics
Authors: Sun Jing , Xu Jumei , Zeng Zuoxiang , Xue Weilan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIsoamyl hexanoate is a widely used edible spice. In this paper, the process and kinetics of the esterification of hexanoic acid and isoamyl alcohol to isoamyl hexanoate catalyzed by deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were studied. Several kinds of DESs (BTMAC‐zPTSA) were prepared from benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (BTMAC) andp‐toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA) with a molar ratio ofz. The synthesis process of isoamyl hexanoate was optimized by response surface methodology and artificial neural network. The effects of process conditions such as the kind and load of catalyst, alcohol/acid ratio and reaction temperature were studied. In the temperature range of 338.15 to 368.15 K, BTMAC‐1.2PTSA was selected as the catalyst, and then the kinetic data and chemical equilibrium composition of the esterification of hexanoic acid with isoamyl alcohol were determined.ResultsAfter optimizing the synthesis process of isoamyl hexanoate using response surface methodology and artificial neural network, the conversion rate of hexanoic acid increased to 92.15%. The esterification reaction kinetics were described using a pseudo‐homogeneous model based on activity, with an average relative deviation of 1.9% and activation energy of 25.79 kJ mol−1. The catalytic performance of catalyst BTMAC‐1.2PTSA remains good after five cycles of use.ConclusionThe established kinetic model has a good predictive effect on the kinetic data for the synthesis of isoamyl hexanoate. The catalyst BTMAC‐1.2PTSA has good stability and recyclability, and has the potential to replace traditional catalysts in the production of isoamyl hexanoate. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Moving toward transdisciplinary approaches to addressing HIV and psychological trauma: Barriers and facilitators to building collaborations
Authors: Goodrum Nada M. , Lopez Cristina M. , delMas Sara , Davies Faraday , Lampe Brooke , Eckard Allison R. , Danielson Carla Kmett , Rheingold Alyssa A. , Moreland Angela D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost people living with HIV have experienced potentially traumatic events (e.g., physical assault, sexual assault, intimate partner violence) and, consequently, are at risk of trauma‐related mental health difficulties, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Yet, research and clinical efforts related to HIV and psychological trauma remain siloed. Guided by the four‐phase model of transdisciplinary research, the current study explored barriers and facilitators to transdisciplinary HIV/trauma clinical and research collaborations to address the overlap between HIV and psychological trauma. This exploration represents an initial step in the development and conceptualization of a transdisciplinary team known as Team REACH (Resiliency, Engagement, and Accessibility for Comorbid HIV/PTSD), which seeks to address the overlap between HIV and psychological trauma. Barriers and facilitators were explored through individual qualitative interviews with 21 research and clinical staff members across two clinics within an academic medical center (i.e., an infectious diseases clinic and a trauma‐focused specialty mental health clinic). The findings revealed a number of barriers, including a lack of awareness, time and funding concerns, and a lack of clarity regarding services or the division of responsibility. The results also highlight perceived facilitators for collaborations, such as existing infrastructure and relationships, shared goals, leadership support, knowledge of other agency activities, and staff/team buy‐in. Recommendations for increased collaboration included ongoing communication, needs assessment and goal development, access to partners, and role establishment. These findings will guide the next steps in further developing transdisciplinary collaboration goals and have implications for increasing collaborative approaches to patient care and targeting processes to enhance team effectiveness for transdisciplinary goals.
Temporal Signature of Task‐Specificity in Isolated Focal Laryngeal Dystonia
Authors: Ehrlich Stefan K. , Battistella Giovanni , Simonyan Kristina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLaryngeal dystonia (LD) is focal task‐specific dystonia, predominantly affecting speech but not whispering or emotional vocalizations. Prior neuroimaging studies identified brain regions forming a dystonic neural network and contributing to LD pathophysiology. However, the underlying temporal dynamics of these alterations and their contribution to the task‐specificity of LD remain largely unknown. The objective of the study was to identify the temporal–spatial signature of altered cortical oscillations associated with LD pathophysiology.MethodsWe used high‐density 128‐electrode electroencephalography (EEG) recordings during symptomatic speaking and two asymptomatic tasks, whispering and writing, in 24 LD patients and 22 healthy individuals to investigate the spectral dynamics, spatial localization, and interregional effective connectivity of aberrant cortical oscillations within the dystonic neural network, as well as their relationship with LD symptomatology.ResultsSymptomatic speaking in LD patients was characterized by significantly increased gamma synchronization in the middle/superior frontal gyri, primary somatosensory cortex, and superior parietal lobule, establishing the altered prefrontal‐parietal loop. Hyperfunctional connectivity from the left middle frontal gyrus to the right superior parietal lobule was significantly correlated with the age of onset and the duration of LD symptoms. Asymptomatic whisper in LD patients had not no statistically significant changes in any frequency band, whereas asymptomatic writing was characterized by significantly decreased synchronization of beta‐band power localized in the right superior frontal gyrus.ConclusionTask‐specific oscillatory activity of prefrontal‐parietal circuitry is likely one of the underlying mechanisms of aberrant heteromodal integration of information processing and transfer within the neural network leading to dystonic motor output. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Differential Implications of Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Hyperperfusion in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Jeong Seong Ho , Kim Su Hong , Park Chan Wook , Lee Hye Sun , Lee Phil Hyu , Kim Yun Joong , Sohn Young H. , Jeong Yong , Chung Seok Jong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit widespread brain perfusion changes.ObjectiveThis study investigated whether cerebral regions with hypoperfusion and hyperperfusion have differential effects on motor and cognitive symptoms in PD using early‐phase 18F‐N‐(3‐fluoropropyl)‐2β‐carboxymethoxy‐3β‐(4‐iodophenyl) nortropane (18F‐FP‐CIT) positron emission tomography (PET) scans.MethodsWe enrolled 394 patients with newly diagnosed PD who underwent dual‐phase 18F‐FP‐CIT PET scans. Indices reflecting associated changes in regional cerebral hypoperfusion and hyperperfusion on early‐phase 18F‐FP‐CIT PET scans were calculated as PD[hypo] and PD[hyper], respectively. The associations of PD[hypo] and PD[hyper] on motor and cognitive symptoms at baseline were assessed using multivariate linear regression. Also, Cox regression and linear mixed models were performed to investigate the effects of baseline PD[hypo] and PD[hyper] on longitudinal outcomes.ResultsThere was a weak correlation between PD[hypo] and PD[hyper] (γ = −0.19, P < 0.001). PD[hypo] was associated with baseline Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III scores (β = −1.02, P = 0.045), rapid increases in dopaminergic medications (β = −18.02, P < 0.001), and a higher risk for developing freezing of gait (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67, P = 0.019), whereas PD[hyper] was not associated. Regarding cognitive function, PD[hypo] was more relevant to the baseline cognitive performance levels of visuospatial, memory, and frontal/executive function than PD[hyper]. However, greater PD[hyper] was associated with future dementia conversion (HR = 1.43, P = 0.004), whereas PD[hypo] was not associated.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that PD[hypo] and PD[hyper] may differentially affect motor and cognitive functions in patients with PD. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Lesion detection with fine‐grained image categorization for myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Huang Xingru , He Shucheng , Wang Jun , Yang Shangchao , Wang Yaqi , Ye Xin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMyopic traction maculopathy (MTM) are retinal disorder caused by traction force on the macula, which can lead to varying degrees of vision loss in eyes with high myopia. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an effective imaging technique for diagnosing, detecting and classifying retinopathy. MTM has been classified into different patterns by OCT, corresponding to different clinical strategies.PurposeWe aimed to engineer a deep learning model that can automatically identify MTM in highly myopic (HM) eyes using OCT images.MethodsA five‐class classification model was developed using 2837 OCT images from 958 HM patients. We adopted a ResNet‐34 architecture to train the model to identify MTM: no MTM (class 0), extra‐foveal maculoschisis (class 1), inner lamellar macular hole (class 2), outer foveoschisis (class 3), and discontinuity or detachment of foveal outer hyperreflective layers (class 4). An independent test set of 604 images from 173 HM patients was used to evaluate the model's performance. Classification performance was assessed according to the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity.ResultsOur model exhibited a high training performance for classification (F1‐score of 0.953; AUCs of 0.961 to 0.998). In test set, it achieved sensitivities (91.67%–97.78 %) and specificities (98.33%–99.17%) as good as, or better than, those of experienced clinicians. Heatmaps were generated to provide visual explanations.ConclusionsWe established a deep learning model for MTM classification using OCT images. This model performed equally well or better than retinal specialists and is suitable for large‐scale screening and identifying MTM in HM eyes.
Oxygen consumption of sexually mature adult, first-feeding larval, and yearling Pacific Lampreys
Authors: Moser Mary , Maine Alexa , Shonat Tristan , Jackson Aaron 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus is considered a first food of Native American tribes, such as the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Populations of this imperiled species have declined such that harvest for traditional use is limited. As a result, propagation and culture of Pacific Lampreys have been initiated to supply animals for restoration and recovery efforts. These efforts require transport and periodic holding of both adults and larvae under static (no-flow) conditions. Hence, guidelines for ensuring an adequate oxygen supply are needed for all life stages of this species.

Methods
We measured oxygen consumption rates of mature adults, first-feeding larvae, and yearlings under static conditions at 12–15°C. In addition, we recorded indicators of stress during hypoxia for adults and estimated routine respiration rates during and after larval feeding.

Result
Adults exhibited surprisingly high metabolic rates when at rest in static chambers. At 12°C, a single adult typically reduced dissolved oxygen levels in 10 L to &lt;2 mg/L in just 90 min (oxygen consumption rates of 100–200 mg/kg/h). Adults often started to climb the walls of open chambers when dissolved oxygen levels approached 2 mg/L, allowing them to raise their branchiopores into air. Larvae remained quiescent, even when oxygen levels dropped below 1 mg/L, and costs of feeding increased routine respiration by 22–56%.

Conclusion
Based on these observations, we recommend that adult Pacific Lampreys always be transported in aerated containers and with access to air at the top of the tank. Although larvae exhibited hypoxia tolerance, care should be taken to ensure adequate oxygen availability, particularly during and immediately after feeding.
The single robot line coverage problem: Theory, algorithms, and experiments
Authors: Agarwal Saurav , Akella Srinivas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLine coverage is the task of servicing a given set of one‐dimensional features in an environment. It is important for the inspection of linear infrastructure such as road networks, power lines, and oil and gas pipelines. This paper addresses the single robot line coverage problem for aerial and ground robots by modeling it as an optimization problem on a graph. The problem belongs to the broad class of arc routing problems and is closely related to the rural postman problem (RPP) on asymmetric graphs. The paper presents an integer linear programming formulation with proofs of correctness. Using the minimum cost flow problem, we develop approximation algorithms with guarantees on the solution quality. These guarantees also improve the existing results for the asymmetric RPP. The main algorithm partitions the problem into three cases based on the structure of therequired graph, that is, the graph induced by the features that require servicing. We evaluate our algorithms on road networks from the 50 most populous cities in the world, consisting of up to 730 road segments. The algorithms, augmented with improvement heuristics, run within 3 s and generate solutions that are within 10% of the optimum. We experimentally demonstrate our algorithms with commercial UAVs on the UNC Charlotte campus road network.
Tightly anchoring bone‐like coating on the surface of titanium implants with complex three‐dimensional geometry through radical polymerization
Authors: Tang Sijie , Yan Honghan , Chen Genxin , Wang Huimin , Yang Changying , Ma Liya , Zeng Hao , Hu Yan , Ran Jiabing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiological fixation of a Ti implant demonstrates significant advantages over conventional physical fixation. Modifying the surface of Ti implants with hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating has proven to be a promising strategy to enhance their bone integration capability in vivo. The currently reported strategies are confronted with the following problems: (i) low interfacial bonding strength and poor structural stability under mechanical force; (ii) being incapable of encapsulating Ti implants with complex 3D geometry; (iii) complicated processing procedures and high processing costs. Here, we fabricated a bone‐like polyacrylamide/poly(vinyl alcohol)/HAp (PAAm/PVA/HAp) coating on the surface of Ti implants with complex 3D geometry through thermal induced in situ radical polymerization of pre‐adhered vicious acrylamide/PVA/HAp (AAm/PVA/HAp) emulsion. Covalent interaction between the Ti matrix and the coating was constructed through incorporating vinyl groups on the surface of Ti matrix using 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA). The as‐prepared coating demonstrated a record high shear bonding strength of 144.5 MPa and 75.50 MPa in dry and moist states, respectively. In addition, its interfacial toughness reached to 1.27 kJ/m2, while its maximum motion under shear mechanical force was only 0.64 mm (moist state). Anti‐fatigue tests (approximate 100% toughness retention rate at displacement of 0.1 mm) and degradation experiment exhibited the long‐term mechanical/structural stability of the coating in a in vivo environment. BMSCs co‐culture assay demonstrated the superior cytocompatibility and osteogenic property of the coating. In sum, this work provided a simple and cost‐effective strategy to construct homogeneous and tightly anchored HAp coating on the surface of Ti implants with complex 3D geometry.Highlights
Homogeneous coating on Ti surface with bone‐like composition and structure.
Being capable of encapsulating Ti implants with complex 3D geometry.
Record high interfacial bonding strength/toughness.
long‐term structural/mechanical stability in a moist environment.
Superior biocompatibility and osteogenic property.
Effects of tire‐derived pyrolytic carbon black and pyrolytic heavy oil on the curing and mechanical properties of styrene‐butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Paul Sangit , Rahaman Manjur , Ghosh Suman Kumar , Das Palash , Katheria Ankur , Ghosh Trisita , Das Narayan Chandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo investigate the potential effect of the pyrolytic carbon black (CBp) and pyrolytic heavy oil (HO), we incorporated them into styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) as reinforcing filler and plasticizing agent, respectively. Since the industrial N330 CB's specific surface area and other specifications adhere to the CBp standard, it has been selected as a benchmark. To test HO's applicability, conventional (AO) was substituted with it. We experimented with the N330 and CBp in the 1/1 variant. We examined the impacts on the cure behavior, physical characteristics such as density and hardness, mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, dynamic mechanical performance, and thermal properties of the filled SBR composites. According to field emission (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs, the increased tensile and tear strength is due to N330 black's superior dispersion over CBp in the rubber matrix. Better dispersion in N330 type CB is also justified by lower tan δmax from the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) study. Utilizing HO changes the curing conditions since it comprises more sulfur, which accelerates the formation of sulfur–sulfur cross‐links. Increased tensile and tear strengths, as well as improved dispersion in the rubber matrix, have been seen with the combined use of N330 and CBp. Meanwhile, HO could function well in place of commercially available AOs.Highlights
The impact of scrap tires on human health and the environment is explored.
Recovered carbon black (CB) from waste tire mixed with styrene‐butadiene rubber in various ratios.
Pyrolytic oil is also incorporated to check its reusability in tire formulation.
Similar cure characteristics and mechanical strength were found in the composites.
Replacement of the conventional CB is proposed with recovered black.
Research progress on the oxidation behavior mechanism and the design of antioxidant methods of artificial polymer acetabular cup
Authors: Wang Songquan , Lin Hao , Dong Yudie , Jia Jiaqi , Yu Lu , Li Dahan , Guo Yongbo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUltra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was once the most widely used clinical hip prosthesis‐bearing component due to its exceptional mechanical qualities and biocompatibility. However, the poor wear resistance of UHMWPE limits its service life in vivo. Radiation cross‐linking is a common means to improve the wear resistance of UHMWPE, and highly cross‐linked polyethylene (HXLPE) acetabular cup is gradually becoming the first choice in clinical practice. The residual free radicals generated by the cross‐linking process can accelerate the oxidation process of the polymer acetabular cup, which is not conducive to the long‐term in vivo service process. Heat treatments such as annealing or melting and the addition of antioxidants are potential methods to improve the antioxidant performance of HXLPE in vivo. Research into the oxidation characteristics of polymer acetabular cup is crucial for enhancing their durability in vivo and ensuring their long‐term performance reliability. In this paper, the research progress focuses on the oxidation mechanism, the influencing factors of the oxidation process of polymer acetabular cups, and the methods to improve their oxidation resistance. It discusses the reliability of improving the service life of UHMWPE acetabular cup in vivo and other alternative methods.Highlights
Characteristics of polymer acetabular cups were systematically introduced.
Mechanism of oxidative behavior of acetabular cup in vivo/in vitro was analyzed.
Influencing factors of acetabular cup oxidation behavior were summarized.
Methods for improving antioxidant properties of acetabular cups were summarized.
New method was proposed to improve the antioxidant properties of acetabular cup.