bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Multiple‐Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials with Intrinsically Helical Chirality
Authors: Wang Qingyang , Yuan Li , Qu Cheng , Huang Tingting , Song Xiaoxian , Xu Yincai , Zheng You‐Xuan , Wang Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdvanced circularly polarized multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP‐MR‐TADF) materials synergize the advantages of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), narrowband emission, and the TADF characteristic, which can be fabricated into highly efficient circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs) with high color purity, directly facing the urgent market strategic demand of ultrahigh‐definition and 3D displays. In this work, based on an edge‐topology molecular‐engineering (ETME) strategy, a pair of high‐performance CP‐MR‐TADF enantiomers, (P and M)‐BN‐Py, is developed, which merges the intrinsically helical chirality into the MR framework. The optimized CP‐OLEDs with (P and M)‐BN‐Py emitters and the newly developed ambipolar transport host PhCbBCz exhibit pure green emission with sharp peaks of 532 nm, full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 37 nm, and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.29, 0.68). Importantly, they achieve remarkable maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 30.6% and 29.2%, and clear circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) signals with electroluminescence dissymmetry factors (gELs) of −4.37 × 10−4 and +4.35 × 10−4 for (P)‐BN‐Py and (M)‐BN‐Py, respectively.
An idea to explore: Engaging high school students in structure‐function studies of bacterial sortase enzymes and inhibitors ‐ A comprehensive computational experimental pipeline
Authors: Godse Shivani , Sapar Tanvi , Amacher Jeanine F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh school science fairs provide an exceptional opportunity for students to gain experience with scientific research, and participation has positive outcomes with respect to chosen careers in the sciences. However, it can be challenging to engage high school students in university‐level research outside of formal internship programs. Here, we describe an experimental pipeline for a computational structural biology project that engages high school students. Students are involved at every step of the investigation and utilize freely available software to dock inhibitors onto protein homologues, and then analyze the resulting complexes. Bacterial sortases are transpeptidases on the cell surface of Gram‐positive bacteria and are a potential target for the development of antibiotics. Students modeled inhibitors bound to sortases from several organisms, asking questions about affinity and selectivity. Their project was ranked in the top 10% at both regional and state science fairs. This project design is easily adaptable to countless other protein systems and provides a pipeline for collaborative high school student/university professor inquiry.
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with verapamil and atorvastatin: A case report
Authors: Aw Yi Tong Vincent , McGuane Jonathan Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of biopsy‐proven cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis developing 10 days after starting verapamil and atorvastatin in a patient with long‐standing Sjogren's syndrome. This highlights the need to monitor for this rare adverse effect.
Integration Analysis of Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunch as Feedstock to Biomass‐Based Power Generation Plants
Authors: Awang Ahmad Hafizi , Abdulrazik Abdulhalim , Dahawi Yahya , Nafsun Aainaa Izyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTorrefaction is a thermal procedure used to convert biomass into a substance resembling coal that possesses superior fuel properties compared to the original biomass. Torrefied biomass is hydrophobic and has a greater energy density, making it more advantageous for handling and storage. The purpose of this investigation is to establish a simulation model of the torrefaction process utilizing Malaysian biomass and optimize it for mass yield and energy consumption. Additionally, the objective is to integrate the optimized torrefaction process into an existing biomass power plant. By retrofitting a biomass‐based power generation facility with torrefaction technology, the existing feedstock can be upgraded before sending it to the power plant. Essentially, torrefaction technology represents an enhancement of biomass utilization technology, ultimately allowing for the maximum application of biomass energy.
Employment of chiral columns with superficially porous particles in chiral separations of cobalt bis (dicarbollide) and nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) derivatives
Authors: Horáček Ondřej , Dhaubhadel Umang , Holub Josef , Grüner Bohumír , Armstrong Daniel W. , Kučera Radim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDerivatives of the nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) (dicarbollide ion) and [3,3′‐Co‐(1,2‐C2B9H11)2](1‐) cobalt sandwich (COSAN) ion represent groups of extremely chemically and thermally stable abiotic compounds. They are being investigated in many research areas, that is, medicinal chemistry, material sciences, analytical chemistry, and electrochemistry. The chirality of these compounds remains still grossly overlooked, what is also reflected in limited number of reports on their chiral separations. Continued progress depends on reliable, fast, and cost‐effective methods for such separations. Recently, chiral separations of COSAN derivatives were achieved in liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography. Only five anionic derivatives of nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) were successfully enantioseparated in liquid chromatography. Efforts to separate anionic nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) in supercritical chromatography have failed, and only a few dicarbollide ions were separated using liquid chromatography. Generally, all chiral separations in liquid chromatography took about 30 min. Herein, we identify a versatile column capable of separating both COSAN and nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) derivatives and achieve faster analyses times employing commercially available superficially porous chiral stationary phases. The semisynthetic hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin‐based column (CDShell‐RSP) is identified as the column of choice from the tested columns by separating 19 of 27 compounds from each structural motifs tested mainly in less than 10 min. The dihydroxyalkyl, oxygen‐bridged hydroxyalkyl, and bisphenylene‐bridged COSAN derivatives were baseline separated in less than 5 min exceeding the results of supercritical fluid chromatography. Methods developed herein will aid synthetic chemists without the possession of a supercritical fluid chromatograph to achieve fast chiral separations of COSAN and derivatives of nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) on a common liquid chromatograph without the need of dedicated instrumentation.
Western Blotting with Fast SDS‐PAGE and Semi‐Dry Protein Transfer
Authors: Garić Dušan , Dumut Daciana Catalina , Centorame Amanda , Radzioch Danuta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWestern blotting is a method widely used in cell and molecular biology for the specific detection of proteins in biological samples. It is time‐consuming and normally takes up to 2 days to complete. This protocol introduces a more time‐efficient method to complete western blots, covering the preparation of protein extracts (including strategies for solubilization), electrophoretic separation of proteins, transfer of proteins to the membrane, and probing with antibodies. We describe an SDS‐PAGE protocol that achieves a gradient‐like separation of proteins (10‐400 kDa) on a single‐percentage polyacrylamide gel in only 45 min. Additionally, we present a rapid (10‐14 min) semi‐dry transfer of proteins from standard Tris/glycine polyacrylamide gels onto a membrane using homemade Tris/HEPES‐ or Tris/EPPS‐based buffers. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE)Support Protocol 1: Cell lysis and protein extractionSupport Protocol 2: Protein quantification with BCA assay and sample preparation for loading on gelBasic Protocol 2: Protein transfer with a fast semi‐dry transfer (FSDT) bufferBasic Protocol 3: Immunoprobing, chemiluminescent visualization, stripping, and reuse of membranes
Extending UAF for Model‐Based Capability Planning and Enterprise Portfolio Management
Authors: Martin James N 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCapabilities, the lifeblood of an enterprise, can be managed effectively using portfolio management techniques. Capability roadmaps are commonly used to manage the deployment of new and improved capabilities to address key drivers and challenges that the enterprise faces. This paper shows how MBSE can enhance an organization's ability to plan for capability deployments, as well as the ability to more effectively manage its portfolios of systems, services, people, technologies, processes, facilities, and other key enablers for the fielded capabilities. Specific enterprise modeling elements that can facilitate capability planning and portfolio management are presented. These new modeling elements are being incorporated into an update of the Unified Architecture Framework, an OMG standard for modeling an enterprise.
Engineering Complicated Systems Still Needs Systems Engineering and Thinking
Authors: Pickard Andrew C , Beasley Richard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years there has been a totally valid move in Systems Engineering circles to consider and focus on capability / complex systems (of systems). This is important as the world is getting more inter‐connected and the consequences of undesired emergence more significant. Unfortunately this has led to a “marginalization” of (simply) complicated systems, which were the bedrock of Systems Engineering practice. Whilst practice obviously needs to adjust when the system of interest is complex, the fundamental principles still apply and the Systems Engineering profession must not simply abandon consideration of complicated systems. This paper is intended to act as a reminder of how important the application of Systems Engineering is to complicated systems.
Genesis – an Architectural Pattern for Federated PLM
Authors: Herzog Erik , Nordling Larsson Åsa , Tingström Johan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProduct Lifecycle Management (PLM) is a key capability for any organization developing and/or maintaining complex systems. This paper presents a modular architectural pattern for realizing a federated PLM capability from integrating multiple engineering discipline specific development environments. This opens the possibility for replacement of individual environments, while maintaining the overall development system landscape. Thus, providing a desired flexibility in adapting to future organizational challenges at comparatively low cost.
What Systems Engineers Should Know About Emergence
Authors: Axelsson Jakob 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe concept of emergence refers to phenomena that occur on a system level without being present at the level of elements in the system. Since a system is created to achieve certain emergent system‐level behavior, while avoiding other emergent properties, a deeper understanding of emergence is crucial to further the field of systems engineering. It has also been identified as one of the key aspects of systems‐of‐systems. However, the concept has been the topic of much debate in philosophy, systems science, and complexity science for a long time, and there is yet no precise characterization on which there is general agreement. In this paper, a selection of the literature on emergence is reviewed to identify some key characteristics and disputes. The various philosophical points of view are analyzed from the perspective of systems engineering, to sort out what characteristics have practical implications, and which philosophical quiddities are merely of theoretical interest. The paper also relates emergence to systems engineering practices and suggests some tactics for dealing with emergence. Key results are that the inclusion of an explicit observer is essential for understanding and handling emergence, and that emergence is closely related to the amount of information required to describe the system which is also a defining characteristic of complexity.
Formalizing the Representativeness of Verification Models using Morphisms
Authors: Wach Paul , Beling Peter , Salado Alejandro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the increasing complexity that is being introduced to engineered systems, the literature suggests that verification may benefit from theoretical foundations. In practice and in teaching of system engineering (SE), we typically define a verification model (simulation, test article, etc.) under the assumption that the model is a valid representation of the system design. Is this assumption always true? In this article, we explore the use of system theoretic morphisms to mathematically characterize the validity of representativeness between verification models and corresponding system design.
Collaborative Systems Thinking Culture: A Path to Success for Complex Projects
Authors: Bouyaud Mickael , Davila‐Rendon Natalie , Deng Alex , Duprez Jean , Fraga Anabel , John Leema , Noguchi Ryan , Palmer Erika , Patel Jay , Romero Maria , Wolfgang Raymond , Wozniak Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe world is filled with hard and complex problems, oftentimes requiring involved solutions. In large organizations attempting to solve these types of problems, a mindset shift and key candidate methodologies centered on collaborative systems thinking culture (CSTC) can assist significantly. The paper explores the state of the practice, change involved with implementing systems thinking, impacts of a collaborative approach within an organization, as well as the seven phases that a reader can introduce into their organization to realize some of the benefits. The same approach was used to create this paper under collective authorship from Cohort 6 of the INCOSE Technical Leadership Institute (TLI); an international group of individuals collaborating exclusively through virtual platforms. From writing papers to executing large technical programs, the CSTC approach will prepare technical teams for tackling challenging problems in an inclusive way with the intent to finish projects on time while also cultivating healthy systems engineering habits and practices. This lessens the reliance on corporate engineering procedures to drive collaborative behavior by fiat. Finally, blending CSTC into the fabric and culture of an organization is emphasized as being needed for the full benefit. That benefit includes saving programs by moving to a CSTC.
The effect of fatty infiltration, revision surgery, and sex on lumbar multifidus passive mechanical properties
Authors: Shahidi Bahar , Padwal Jennifer A. , Su Jeannie J. , Regev Gilad , Zlomislic Vinko , Allen R. Todd , Garfin Steven R. , Kim Choll , Lieber Richard L. , Ward Samuel R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposePrevious research has demonstrated increased stiffness in the multifidus muscle compared to other paraspinal muscles at the fiber bundle level. We aimed to compare single fiber and fiber bundle passive mechanical properties of multifidus muscle: (1) in 40 patients undergoing primary versus revision surgery and (2) in muscle with mild versus severe fatty infiltration.MethodsThe degree of muscle fatty infiltration was graded using the patients' spine magnetic resonance images. Average single fiber and fiber bundle passive mechanical properties across three tests were compared between primary (N = 30) and revision (N = 10) surgery status, between mild and severe fatty infiltration levels, between sexes, and with age from passive stress–strain tests of excised multifidus muscle intraoperative biopsies.ResultsAt the single fiber level, elastic modulus was unaffected by degree of fatty infiltration or surgery status. Female sex (p = 0.001) and younger age (p = 0.04) were associated with lower multifidus fiber elastic modulus. At the fiber bundle level, which includes connective tissue around fibers, severe fatty infiltration (p = 0.01) and younger age (p = 0.06) were associated with lower elastic modulus. Primary surgery also demonstrated a moderate, but non‐significant effect for lower elastic modulus (p = 0.10).ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that female sex is the primary driver for reduced single fiber elastic modulus of the multifidus, while severity of fatty infiltration is the primary driver for reduced elastic modulus at the level of the fiber bundle in individuals with lumbar spine pathology.
Changes in wild pig (Sus scrofa) relative abundance, crop damage, and environmental impacts in response to control efforts
Authors: Treichler Joseph W. , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Taylor Charles R. , Beasley James C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs the population and range of wild pigs (Sus scrofa) continue to grow across North America, there has been an increase in environmental and economic damages caused by this invasive species, and control efforts to reduce damages have increased concomitantly. Despite the expanding impacts and costs associated with population control of wild pigs, the extent to which wild pig control reduces populations and diminishes environmental and agricultural damages are rarely quantified. The goal of this study is to quantify changes in wild pig relative abundance and subsequent changes in damages caused by invasive wild pigs in response to control.RESULTSUsing a combination of wild pig population surveys, agricultural damage assessments, and environmental rooting surveys across 19 mixed forest‐agricultural properties in South Carolina, USA, we quantified changes in wild pig relative abundance and associated damages over a 3‐year period following implementation of a professional control program. Following implementation of control efforts, both the number of wild pig detections and estimated abundance decreased markedly. Within 24 months relative abundance was reduced by an average of ~70%, which resulted in a corresponding decline in environmental rooting damage by ~99%.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that sustained wild pig control efforts can substantially reduce wild pig relative abundance, which in turn resulted in a reduction in environmental rooting damage by wild pigs. Ultimately this study will help fill critical knowledge gaps regarding the efficacy of wild pig control programs and the effort needed to reduce impacts to native ecosystems, livestock, and crops. © 2023 The Authors.Pest Management Sciencepublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Excess after stress—A three‐study validation of the salzburg stress drinking scale as a new tool to measure the stress–drinking relationship
Authors: Reichenberger Julia , van Alebeek Hannah , Messer Thomas , Blechert Jens 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStress frequently influences a person's propensity to drink alcohol. Inter‐individual differences in such stress‐related drinking can be assessed through psychometric scales; however, available questionnaires conflate stress‐ with emotion‐related reasons to drink and ignore evidence of decreased alcohol consumption in response to stress. Therefore, we developed a genuine stress–drinking scale (Salzburg Stress Drinking Scale; SSDS), adapted from the Salzburg Stress Eating Scale, and assessed its psychometric properties. In study 1 (n = 639), the SSDS was found to have a one‐factor structure, excellent internal consistency, and acceptable test‐retest reliability. SSDS scores were significantly correlated with other measures assessing emotional drinking, but uncorrelated with general alcohol pathology and other health‐relevant consummatory behaviors such as stress‐related eating or nicotine consumption. In addition, no significant sex differences arose. In study 2 (n = 42) patients with an alcohol use disorder or addiction scored significantly higher on the SSDS compared to healthy controls. In an Ecological Momentary Assessment study 3 (n = 67), the SSDS showed partial ecological validity through significant relationships with daily alcohol consumption, but not daily stress–drinking relationships. In sum, the SSDS represents a psychometrically sound tool for the measurement of stress‐related drinking and complements a battery of stress‐related changes in health‐relevant behaviors.
Transformations in the Religious and Moral Landscape in Europe?
Authors: Halman Loek , Sieben Inge 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we investigate the claim of secularisation theory that the impact of religion on end-of-life moral issues such as abortion, euthanasia, and suicide in various regions in Europe has declined. We distinguish between five regions in Europe based on important historical and contemporary religious and secular characteristics: Northern, Western, Southern, and Eastern European countries and ex-Soviet countries. We further elaborate on the idea that religious beliefs and religious practices are separate aspects of religion. The analyses yield evidence for the relationship between both religious beliefs and end-of-life morality on the one hand and religious practices and end-of-life morality on the other. As expected, religious beliefs appear less strongly associated with this kind of morality than does religious attendance. Those who frequently attend religious services are clearly stricter than individuals who attend religious services less frequently or never. However, it must be acknowledged that the impact of religion on morality is not as strong as might have been anticipated; nor do the analyses provide strong evidence of declining levels in the impact of religion on morality. Moreover, we observe very heterogeneous patterns of change in both secularisation and end-of-life morality between regions and, within regions, between countries.
Feststellung des irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls in Deutschland – Umsetzung der Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer
Authors: Hoffmann Olaf , Salih Farid , Masuhr Florian 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Seit Inkrafttreten der 4. Fortschreibung der Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer gelten in Deutschland wesentliche neue Normierungen in der Diagnostik des irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls (IHA). Hierzu zählen die Qualifikationsanforderungen an die Untersucher, zugelassene Verfahren zur apparativen Zusatzdiagnostik und eine Präzisierung zur Abfolge der Prozessschritte.

Fragestellung
Untersuchung der Auswirkungen auf die Praxis der IHA-Feststellung.

Methodik
Deskriptive Auswertung der Dokumentation der Deutschen Stiftung Organtransplantation über IHA-Diagnostik im Vergleich der Zeiträume Juli 2011 bis Juni 2015 (3. Fortschreibung) und Juli 2015 bis Juni 2019 (4. Fortschreibung).

Ergebnisse
Die Zahl der erfassten Patienten sank von 6100 auf 5403. Die stärkste Abnahme betraf Krankenhäuser ohne Neurochirurgie. Kinder unter 14 Jahren waren nicht betroffen. Die klinische Diagnostik erfolgte ab Juli 2015 vermehrt im Bereitschaftsdienst durch externe neurologische Konsiliare. Zusatzdiagnostik erhielten nun 83,8 % der Patienten, zuvor 80,1 %. Die neu etablierte CTA wurde bei 23,2 % eingesetzt. Sie wies in 89,4 % den zerebralen Zirkulationsstillstand nach. Die Zeitdauer zwischen erstmaliger Feststellung der klinischen Ausfallzeichen und Feststellung des IHA stieg von 7,0 ± 12,7 h auf 8,2 ± 14,2 h. Der IHA wurde mit 95,3 % gegenüber 96,6 % geringfügig seltener festgestellt.

Diskussion
Die neuen Normierungen wurden richtlinienkonform umgesetzt. Der Bedarf an konsiliarischer Unterstützung durch Neurologen und Neurochirurgen sowie der Zeitbedarf für die IHA-Feststellung haben zugenommen. Negative Effekte auf die pädiatrische IHA-Diagnostik wurden nicht deutlich. Die CTA wird bei Erwachsenen als neues zusatzdiagnostisches Verfahren flächendeckend erfolgreich eingesetzt.