bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Brain Activation Between Different Modes of Motor Acquisition: A Functional Near‐Infrared Study
Authors: Tsou Meng‐Hsuan , Chen Pei‐Yun , Hung Yi‐Ting , Lim Yong‐Wei , Huang Shiuan‐Ling , Liu Yan‐Ci 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDifferent modes of motor acquisition, including motor execution (ME), motor imagery (MI), action observation (AO), and mirror visual feedback (MVF), are often used when learning new motor behavior and in clinical rehabilitation.PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate differences in brain activation during different motor acquisition modes among healthy young adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited 29 healthy young adults. Participants performed a functional reaching and grasping task under ME, MI, AO, and MVF mode with their right arms at a frequency of 0.5 Hz for 1 min per task. Each task was performed three times in a random order. Brain activation in the supplementary motor area (SMA), premotor cortices (PMC), and primary motor cortices (M1) during tasks was measured using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy through 16 source‐detector channels.ResultsME showed significant activation in bilateral PMC, M1, and right SMA, with higher activation in the contralateral M1. MI induced greater activity in the PMC and SMA, particularly in the ipsilateral regions. MVF resulted in significant activation in bilateral PMC, SMA, and M1. AO showed an increasing trend in brain activation, but no significant differences in any channels. Compared to AO, ME and MVF induced significantly greater brain activity in M1.ConclusionActivation levels under MI and MVF were comparable to that of ME. MI and MVF induced greater activity in the PMC and SMA, and MVF showed significant activity in all brain areas, especially in the bilateral M1. These findings support the application of different motor acquisition strategies according to individual needs. When ME cannot be executed, such as for individuals with hemiparesis or severe impairments of both upper extremities, MI and MVF may be applied, respectively, to drive neuroplastic changes.
Therapeutic Potential of Agmatine in Essential Tremor Through Regulation of Lingo‐1 and Inflammatory Pathways
Authors: Pirmoradi Zeynab , Esmaili Zahra , Nakhaie Mohsen , Kohlmeier Kristi A. , Shabani Mohammad , Razavinasab Moazamehosadat , Ilaghi Mehran 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeEssential tremor (ET) is a prevalent movement disorder, yet current therapeutic options remain limited. Emerging evidence implicates leucine‐rich repeat and immunoglobulin‐like domain‐containing protein (Lingo‐1) and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of ET. This study aimed to investigate whether agmatine, a biogenic amine neuromodulator attenuates tremors and modulates the expression of Lingo‐1 and proinflammatory markers in a rodent model of ET.MethodsTremor was induced in male Swiss Webster mice through intraperitoneal injections of harmaline (10 mg/kg) on Days 1, 3, and 5 of the study. During the same period, agmatine (40 mg/kg) was administered for 5 consecutive days. Behavioral assessments of tremor severity, gait, balance, muscular strength, locomotion, anxiety‐like behavior, and memory were conducted. Moreover, Lingo‐1 and interleukin (IL)‐6 gene expression was examined in the cerebellum using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR).FindingsOur findings demonstrated that agmatine administration significantly reduced tremors, ameliorated anxiety‐like behaviors, and attenuated harmaline‐induced locomotor deficits. At the molecular level, agmatine treatment significantly suppressed the overexpression of Lingo‐1 elicited by harmaline. Moreover, IL‐6 expression was attenuated to an extent comparable to control levels.ConclusionsCollectively, this study provides the first evidence that agmatine dampens tremor severity, improves behavioral outcomes, and modulates key pathways implicated in ET pathogenesis in a rodent model. The ability of agmatine to normalize Lingo‐1 and IL‐6 expression suggests regulation of these pathways could underlie its neuroprotective action. These results suggest promise for agmatine as a prospective therapeutic agent in ET.
The Role of ESG Performance in Moderating the Impact of Financial Distress on Company Value: Evidence of Wavelet‐Enhanced Quantile Regression With Indian Companies
Authors: Yadav Ashutosh , Asongu Simplice A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study presents a novel examination of the influence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores on the resilience of financially distressed Indian companies, integrating a wavelet‐enhanced quantile regression approach. The analysis, rooted in the context of the Paris Agreement and sustainable finance, employs a comprehensive dataset of the top 512 listed Indian companies from 2012 to 2023. Our findings reveal that high ESG scores significantly bolster company resilience during financial distress, highlighting the dual benefits of sustainable practices on corporate stability and environmental impact. Additionally, the paper underscores the pivotal role of wavelet analysis in capturing the multifaceted effects of ESG scores across various industries and financial distress quantiles, thereby offering a more nuanced understanding of ESG impacts. These insights not only contribute to the academic discourse on sustainable finance but also offer practical implications for policymakers and corporate strategists aiming to align financial performance with sustainable development goals (SDGs). ESG scores at which financial distress no longer negatively affects the firm's value are provided. These ESG scores range between 33.153 and 33.456 and are driven by the median of the conditional distribution of the firm's value. Policy implications are discussed.
Unsymmetric Triazine‐Based Triglucoside Detergents for Membrane Protein Stability
Authors: Ehsan Muhammad , Ghani Lubna , Lan Baoliang , Katsube Satoshi , Poulsen Ida H. , Zhang Xiang , Arslan Muhammad , Byrne Bernadette , Loland Claus J. , Guan Lan , Liu Xiangyu , Chae Pil Seok 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMembrane proteins play a crucial role in a variety of biological processes and are key targets for pharmaceutical development. Structural studies of membrane proteins provide molecular insights into the mechanisms of these processes and are essential for effective drug discovery. Historically, these studies have relied on solubilization of the target protein using detergents, but conventional detergents often fail to maintain the stability of challenging membrane proteins. To address this issue, there is a need to develop novel detergents with enhanced protein stabilization properties. In this study, we synthesized unsymmetric variants of recently reported tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane(TRIS)‐linker‐bearing triazine‐based triglucosides (TTGs) by incorporating two different alkyl chains (long and short) into the detergent structure. When tested with model membrane proteins, including a G protein‐coupled receptor, TTG‐8,12 demonstrated superior efficacy in stabilizing membrane proteins compared to the original TTGs and the gold standard detergents DDM/LMNG. These results suggest that detergent unsymmetry is an important concept for improving detergent performance and unsymmetric detergents such as TTG‐8,12 hold significant potential for advancing membrane protein structural studies.
Study on the Influence of Hydrothermal Parameters on Low‐Temperature Denitrification of Mo‐Modified Rare Earth Tailings
Authors: Hou Limin , Lu Linbo , Xu Jie , Wu Wenfei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractVanad‐based catalysts have been widely used in NH3‐SCR denitrification technology, but their prices are expensive and the active ingredients are toxic, so the preparation of green and cheap denitrification catalysts has become the key to this technology. Natural minerals have become the focus of denitrification catalyst research because of their advantages of large reserves, low price, and environmental protection. A large number of rare earth tailings have brought great pressure to the ecological environment, and the elements that are rich in Fe, Ce, and other elements conducive to catalytic denitration have not been effectively utilized. In this paper, 7.5 wt % Mo/magnetic separation of rare earth tailings was taken as the object. In order to further improve the denitration efficiency of the catalyst and broaden the reaction temperature window, the hydrothermal reaction time and hydrothermal reaction temperature of the catalyst were adjusted during the preparation process. XRD, SEM‐EDS, BET, H2‐TPR, NH3‐TPD and other characterization methods were used to study their effects on the performance of Mo‐modified rare earth tailings catalysts. The study results not only provided a theoretical basis for the high‐value utilization of magnetic separation rare earth tailings but also expanded the range of raw materials for NH3‐SCR denitrification catalysts.
Einsatz von Membranverfahren zum Aufbereiten von Prozessabwasser für Kühlzwecke
Authors: Lörcher Marc , Dücker Lisa , Spiller Björn , Grimm Philipp , Teipel Ulrich 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungZum Schutz der Ressource Frischwasser wurde das Aufbereiten von verunreinigtem oder benutztem Wasser aus einer Süßwarenproduktion untersucht. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde überprüft, ob das anfallende Prozessabwasser mittels zweier halbtechnischer Ultrafiltrations‐ und Umkehrosmose‐Versuchsanlagen so weit aufbereitet werden kann, dass ein gleichwertiger Ersatz in Kälteanlagen möglich wird. Der Erfolg wurde anhand eines stabilen und störungsfreien Betriebs, einer effektiven Reinigungsstrategie sowie der Kernparameter Ausbeute und Anlagenverfügbarkeit der Versuchsanlagen bewertet.
Optimization of L‐sorbose allocation for 2‐keto‐L‐gulonic acid production
Authors: Cui Lei , Zhang Yuyang , Li Mingfeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA fuzzy logic‐based optimal scheduling strategy was used to maximize the profitability of the 2‐keto‐L‐gulonic acid (2‐KGA) production process. In this work, profit function is predicted by rolling learning‐prediction (RLP) based on support vector machine (SVM). By combining the optimal scheduling strategy, the batches are online‐classified according to the results of the profit function. The fermentation time of secondary feeding was predicted by fuzzy logic method. Through three consecutive months of experiments, 90 historical 2‐KGA batches were run to verify the optimal scheduling method. The total profit increment of 749,630 PU is obtained for the workshop. The results indicate that 5.25% increase in total workshop profit compared to the empirical model.
A Comparative Analysis of the Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties of 2 Controlled‐Release Formulations Versus a Marketed Orlistat Product
Authors: Grudén Stefan , Forslund Anders , Litorp Helena , Kuusk Sandra , Alderborn Göran , Söderhäll Arvid , Holmbäck Ulf 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA new modified‐release oral formulation combines acarbose and orlistat (MR‐OA) to enhance efficacy and reduce adverse effects through controlled drug release. This study aims to compare the pharmacodynamic properties of the orlistat component of MR‐OA (MR‐O) with a conventional orlistat product, Xenical (Conv‐O), analyzing the percentage of fecal fat excretion. In addition, the pharmacokinetic properties of the complete formulation, MR‐OA, were compared with Conv‐O. In Part I of the study, 20 healthy volunteers were randomized in a single‐blind, crossover trial to take MR‐O or Conv‐O (120‐mg orlistat) 3 times daily for 9 days. Fecal fat was measured at baseline and after each treatment. MR‐O and Conv‐O similarly increased fecal fat percentage from 3.8% to 13.5%, confirming pharmacodynamic equivalence. Adverse events were few and generally rated as mild. In Part II, participants received MR‐OA and then Conv‐O, with blood samples collected for 12 hours to measure orlistat and acarbose levels. Orlistat's peak concentration stayed below 5 ng/mL, and acarbose plasma levels were mostly undetectable, indicating minimal systemic absorption. This shows that the new weight loss product MR‐OA retains the dietary energy loss pathway used in Conv‐O. Consistent with previous studies, minimal systemic absorption of orlistat and acarbose was observed for MR‐OA, confirming that no significant alteration of the original substances occurs when modifying their release.
Generation of Retinal Ganglion Cells from Reprogrammed Keratocytes of Non‐Glaucoma and Glaucoma Donors
Authors: Hameed Shahna S. , Sharma Tasneem P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐based disease modeling can be successfully recapitulated to mimic disease characteristics across various human pathologies. Glaucoma, a progressive optic neuropathy, primarily affects the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). While multiple groups have successfully generated RGCs from non‐diseased hiPSCs, producing RGCs from glaucomatous human samples holds significant promise for understanding disease pathology by revealing patient‐specific disease signatures. Given that keratocytes originate from the neural crest and previous reports suggest that ocular fibroblasts from glaucomatous donors carry pathogenic signatures, it is highly plausible that these signatures imprinted within the keratocytes will also be present in the derived RGCs. Thus, we aimed to generate RGCs from both glaucomatous and non‐glaucomatous donor keratocytes and validate disease‐specific signatures in 3D retinal organoids and in isolated RGCs. Our protocol describes the generation of iPSCs from keratocytes of both glaucomatous and non‐glaucomatous donors, followed by their differentiation into retinal organoids. Subsequent isolation and culturing of RGCs were performed. Disease signatures in the RGCs were validated in both 3D retinal organoids (ROs) and 2D RGC cultures, and glaucomatous RGCs in 3D and 2D cultures demonstrated increased cleaved CASP3 and significant RGC loss, indicating disease imprints in the hiPSC‐derived RGCs. This model offers a venue and high throughput platform for studying glaucomatous disease pathology and holds significant potential for drug discovery using RGCs derived from human donors. © 2025 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Culturing of keratocytes from human cadaveric donorsBasic Protocol 2: Reprogramming donor keratocytes into iPSCsBasic Protocol 3: Evaluation of chromosomal loss during reprogramming in iPSCs by karyotypingBasic Protocol 4: Generation of 3D ROsBasic Protocol 5: Dissociation and culturing of RGCs from 3D ROsSupport Protocol 1: Immunostaining for phenotypic characterization of cellsSupport Protocol 2: Sectioning of 3D ROs and immunostainingSupport Protocol 3: Western blotting for cleaved CASP3 and THY1
Landscape composition and orchard management effects on bat assemblages and bat foraging activity in apple crops
Authors: Miñarro Marcos , García Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBats are acknowledged as suppliers of essential ecosystem services such as insect pest control in agroecosystems. Little is known, however, on how bat assemblages respond to the gradients imposed by anthropogenic landscapes and farming practices and how these environmental effects translate into changes in bat foraging. In this study, we use cider apple crop in northern Spain as a model to address the filtering effects of landscape composition and orchard management on, simultaneously, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of bat local assemblages and their foraging activity. For that, we carried out acoustic monitoring of bats and sampled pest moth abundance across a wider range of apple orchards covering different landscape contexts and local management conditions. We found that bat assemblages markedly varied across orchards, according mostly to landscape composition gradients but with contrasting landscape effects on different assemblage characteristics. Namely, higher levels of rural urbanization and lower cover of seminatural woody habitats around orchards promoted bat total activity and the number of bat species/species complexes. However, this also altered bat assemblage composition, increasing dominance by the most abundant species, and decreased bat functional diversity. Additionally, a greater cover of apple tree canopy within the orchards decreased bat total activity. Landscape gradients led into predictable variations of bat foraging activity, suggesting a potential persistence of pest control services even in landscapes with limited seminatural habitat cover. The present study highlights the differential responses of bat assemblages to apple crop landscape and orchard‐scale conditions, hindering the establishment of straightforward management guidelines. Further analysis on the relationship between bat assemblage characteristics and pest control is necessary to understand how ecosystem services can be promoted through management in the apple agroecosystem.
Comprehensive exploration of unexplained dyspnoea in subjects with normal ejection fraction and low natriuretic peptides
Authors: Berthelot Emmanuelle , Laouar Tarek , Beurnier Antoine , Hrynchynshyn Nataliya , Eicher Jean Christophe , Tartière Jean‐Michel , Jourdain Patrick , Lairez Olivier , Gellen Barnabas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundUnexplained exertional dyspnoea without significant elevation of natriuretic peptides is common. One of the causes might be early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).AimsThis study aimed to characterize patients with exertional dyspnoea and normal/near‐to‐normal N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels with regard to early stages of HFpEF and non‐cardiac causes.Method and ResultsSixty‐six patients (age 62 ± 7 years old, 85% women) with dyspnoea assessed using the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) questionnaire and NT‐proBNP level of <125 pg/mL for patients <75 years old or <300 pg/mL for patients >75 years old were recruited. Patients with known significant heart disease, lung disease (abnormal respiratory function tests) or renal insufficiency stage ≥ 4 were excluded. In 11 patients (16.7%), HFpEF was confirmed according to the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Association (ESC HFA) criteria, 31 patients (47%) presented isolated deconditioning and 5 patients (7.6%) had idiopathic hyperventilation. In the remaining 19 patients (28.8%) with normal echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX), no objective cause of dyspnoea could be found. Compared with patients without HFpEF, those with HFpEF were older, more often hypertensive and diabetic, with higher NT‐proBNP levels. They had higher E/e′ ratios during exercise echocardiography and lower volume of oxygen uptake (VO2) peaks and steeper minute ventilation (VE)/volume of carbon dioxide produced (VCO2) slopes during CPX. Psychological impact measured on the Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) questionnaire was less important in HFpEF patients than in other patients.ConclusionsThe most common causes of unexplained exertional dyspnoea in patients without significant elevation of natriuretic peptides are peripheral deconditioning, HFpEF and hyperventilation. Studying patients during exercise allows for getting more data about pathophysiology and improving patient phenotyping and management. Early unmasking of HFpEF using exercise echocardiography and/or CPX and initiation of treatment could prevent hospitalizations for acute heart failure. Although using exercise testing, many patients could not be classified according to their diagnosis, and this reinforces the need to better define exercise diagnostic criteria.
Cardiovascular toxicity induced by TKIs in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia: Are women and men different?
Authors: Madaudo Cristina , Di Lisi Daniela , Cannatà Antonio , Manfrè Federica , Vullo Celeste , Santoro Marco , Botta Ciro , Mancuso Salvatrice , Siragusa Sergio , Galassi Alfredo Ruggero , Novo Giuseppina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsKnowledge of the effects of sex in cardio‐oncology is limited, particularly in patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). This study aims to evaluate the influence of gender differences on the incidence of cardiovascular toxicity in patients with CML.MethodsThe study population consisted of 148 patients (45% women, mean age: 58 ± 14.2 years) diagnosed with CML treated with TKIs. The HFA‐ICOS score estimated cardiovascular risk. The HFA‐ICOS score revealed that 12% of men and 6% of women were categorized as very high risk while 45% of men and 50% of women fell into the high‐risk group. Myocardial ischaemia, peripheral artery disease, venous thromboembolism, pulmonary hypertension and new‐onset arterial hypertension during treatment with TKIs were recorded.ResultsThe incidence of global events between men and women was comparable (35% vs 32%, P = 0.68). There were 33% who experienced a cardiovascular event during TKI therapy, with a significant sex difference in arterial thrombosis incidence (P = 0.02) and venous thrombosis incidence (P = 0.02). Patients treated with ponatinib had a 41% event rate, followed by nilotinib (32%) and imatinib (32%). The HFA‐ICOS score demonstrated greater predictive efficacy for events in the female group [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.797] compared with the male group (AUC = 0.537). Very high [hazard ratio (HR) 3.07; confidence interval (CI) 1.11, 8.47 P = 0.03] and high (HR 3.29; CI 1.17, 9.26 P = 0.02) HFA‐ICOS scores were associated with increased event risk, particularly in women. Diabetes was women's strongest predictor of events (HR 5.40; CI 1.37, 21.3 P = 0.01).ConclusionsOur study showed a similar frequency of cardiovascular events between men and women. Accurate cardiovascular risk stratification with HFA‐ICOS score in cancer patients is crucial. Diabetes and the HFA‐ICOS score were significant predictors of events in the female groups. A sex approach in clinical practice could be pursued to improve the appropriateness of care.
Time‐varying analyses of survival and outcomes in patients with HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Weiss Aaron J. , Maigrot Jean‐Luc A. , Tong Michael Z.Y. , Thuita Lucy , Smedira Nicholas G. , Unai Shinya , Bhat Pavan , Mountis Maria , Blackstone Eugene H. , Starling Randall C. , Soltesz Edward G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsAs patients experience longer survival on HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist devices, there is a need to characterize long‐term risks of adverse outcomes more precisely. This study characterized temporal variations in risks of mortality and adverse outcomes in patients with a HeartMate 3.Methods and resultsFrom October 2015 to January 2023, 431 HeartMate 3 devices were implanted at Cleveland Clinic. Survival was estimated to 5 years post‐implant. Time‐varying risks of death, neurological events, gastrointestinal bleeding, device‐related infections, and other adverse events were characterized using multiphase hazard modelling. Survival on HeartMate 3 at 1 and 5 years was 88% and 58%, respectively. Risk of death peaked in the first postoperative month before declining rapidly to a constant, lower hazard. Cumulative number of neurological events/patient at 1 year and 5 years was 0.13 and 0.29, respectively; risk was highest within the first postoperative week, then rapidly declined by 1 month. Cumulative number of gastrointestinal bleeding events/patient at 1 year and 5 years was 0.32 and 0.78, respectively; risk was highest within 1 week postoperatively and gradually declined to a constant risk over the first year. Device‐related infections developed in 136 patients. One‐ and 5‐year freedom from device‐related infection was 77% and 45%, respectively; risk was initially low before peaking at 6 months postoperatively and then gradually declining to a steady hazard.ConclusionLong‐term survival on HeartMate 3 support was favourable in a large single‐centre cohort. Strategies to reduce early postoperative risk of neurological events and late risks of gastrointestinal bleeding, infections and other adverse events are needed.