bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of pleural invasion on survival of patients with small cell lung cancer: Propensity score analysis and nomogram establishment based on the SEER database
Authors: Yang Jie , Yin Hui , Liu Mingshan , Zou Guowen , Yu Bentong 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesPleural invasion (PI) is identified as an adverse prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its value in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the survival effect of PI on overall survival (OS) in SCLC, meanwhile, we established a predictive nomogram based on related risk factors for OS in SCLC patients with PI.MethodsWe extracted the data of patients diagnosed with primary SCLC between 2010 and 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to minimize the baseline difference between the non-PI and PI groups. Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test were used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to identify the independent prognostic factors. Randomly divided the patients with PI into training (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. A prognostic nomogram was established based on the training cohort and was evaluated in the validation cohort. The C-index, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were applied to assess the performance of the nomogram.ResultsA total of 1,770 primary SCLC patients were enrolled, including1321patients with non-PI and 449 patients with PI. After PSM, the 387 patients in the PI group matched the 387 patients in the non-PI group. By Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, we observed the exact beneficial effect of non-PI on OS in both original and matched cohorts. Multivariate Cox analysis showed similar results to demonstrate a statistically significant benefit for patients with non-PI in both original and matched cohorts. Age, N stage, M stage, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for SCLC patients with PI. The C-index of the nomogram in the training and validation cohort was 0.714 and 0.746, respectively. The ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA curves also demonstrated good predictive performance in the training and validation cohorts of the prognostic nomogram.ConclusionOur study shows that PI is an independent poor prognostic factor for SCLC patients. The nomogram is a useful and reliable tool to predict the OS in SCLC patients with PI. The nomogram can provide strong references to clinicians to facilitate clinic decisions.
Successful management of a rare radius schwannoma mimicking malignant bone tumors: A case report and literature review
Authors: Sun Nianzhe , Khan Umar Zeb , Zeng Lei , Wu Panfeng , Xiong Qin , Peng Lushan , Yu Hong , Tang Juyu 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundSchwannomas are benign tumors originating from Schwann cells, frequently occurring in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Intraosseous schwannomas, a rare subset, account for approximately 0.2% of schwannomas. Intraosseous schwannomas commonly impinge the mandible, followed by the sacrum and the spine. By far, only three cases of radius intraosseous schwannomas have been reported in PubMed. The tumor was treated differently in all three cases, resulting in different outcomes.Case presentationA 29-year-old male construction engineer who complained of a painless mass on the radial aspect of the right forearm was diagnosed with an intraosseous schwannoma of the radius based on radiography, three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction, magnetic resonance imaging, pathological examination, and immunohistochemistry. A different surgical approach was employed to reconstruct the radial graft defect using bone microrepair techniques, resulting in more reliable bone healing and early functional recovery. Meanwhile, no clinical and radiographic findings suggestive of recurrence were observed at the 12-month follow-up.ConclusionVascularized bone flap transplantation combined with three-dimensional imaging reconstruction planning might yield better results for repairing small segmental bone defects of the radius caused by intraosseous schwannomas.
Prevention of the Development of Endometriosis in Patients with Dysmenorrhea Using Combined Hormonal Contraceptives Containing Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrel, with an Assessment of Changes in the Hemostasis System
Authors: Гутикова Л.В. , Павловская М.А. 
Published: February 2023

В статье проанализировано влияние микро- и низкодозированных комбинированных гормональных контрацептивов, содержащих этинилэстрадиол и дезогестрел, на показатели системы гемостаза у женщин, страдающих дисменореей. Установлено, что применение указанных препаратов у пациенток с дисменореей не вызывало клинически значимых изменений системы гемостаза. При этом микродозированные комбинированныегормональные контрацептивы обладают меньшим тромбофилическим влиянием, чем низкодозированные.
The article analyzes the effect of micro- and low-dose combined hormonal contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and desogestrel on the parameters of the hemostasis system in women with dysmenorrhea. It was found that the use of these drugs in patients with dysmenorrhea did not cause clinically significant changes in the hemostasis system. At the same time, microdose combined hormonal contraceptives have a lesser thrombophilic effect than low-dose ones.
The Problem of Aspirin Resistance in Obstetrics
Authors: Ганчар Е.П. , Кажина М.В. , Гутикова Л.В. , Зуховицкая Е.В. 
Published: February 2023

Цель. Изучить частоту встречаемости резистентности к аспирину у женщин группы риска по развитию ПЭ, фетоплацентарной недостаточности, тромбоэмболических осложнений; выявить факторы риска аспиринорезистентности. Материалы и методы. Обследованы 62 беременные с риском развития ПЭ, фетоплацентарной недостаточности, тромбоэмболических осложнений в сроке 13–14 недель. Исследование агрегации выполнялось на автоматическом анализаторе функции тромбоцитов Multiplat (ROCHE Diagnostics GmbH, Германия). Аспиринорезистентность фиксировалась по данным ASPI-test при значении AUC выше 30 U. Результаты. Аспиринорезистентность выявлена в 19 (30,6%) случаях (ASPI-test – 56,5 [50,5–67,8] U), в 43 (69,4%) случаях пациенты были чувствительны к ацетилсалициловой кислоте (ASPI-test – 26 [24,5–28,2] U). Ожирение, дислипидемия являются факторами риска аспиринорезистентности. Выявлена положительная корреляционная связь между показателем аспиринорезистентности (ASPI-test, U) и уровнем липопротеидов низкой плотности (r=0,43), триглицеридов (r=0,47), холестерина (r=–0,39), отрицательная корреляционная связь с уровнем липопротеидов высокой плотности (r=–0,41). Заключение. Полученные результаты требуют персонализированного подхода в назначении АСК с целью эффективной профилактики гестационных осложнений.
Purpose. To study the incidence of aspirin resistance in women at risk for the development of PE, fetoplacental insufficiency, thromboembolic complications; identify risk factors for aspirin resistance. Materials and methods. 62 pregnant women with the risk of developing PE, fetoplacental insufficiency, thromboembolic complications in the period of 13–14 weeks were examined. The aggregation study was performed on an automatic platelet function analyzer Multiplat (ROCHE Diagnostics GmbH, Germany). Aspirin resistance was recorded according to the ASPI-test at an AUC value above 30 U. Results. Aspirin resistance was detected in 19 (30.6%) cases (ASPI-test – 56.5 [50.5–67.8] U), in 43 (69.4%) cases, patients were sensitive to acetylsalicylic acid (ASPI-test – 26 [24.5– 28.2] U). Obesity, dyslipidemia are risk factors for aspirin resistance. A positive correlation was found between the aspirin resistance index (ASPI-test, U) and the level of low-density lipoproteins (r=0.43), triglycerides (r=0.47), cholesterol (r=–0.39), a negative correlation with the level of high density lipoproteins (r=–0.41). Conclusion. The results obtained require a personalized approach in the appointment of ASA in order to effectively prevent gestational complications.
Consensus Statements on Preinvasive Vulvar Lesions of the European Society of Gynecological Oncology, the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Diseases, the European College for the Study of Vulvar Diseases, and the European Colposcopy Federation (Review)
Authors: Матылевич О.П. , Павлюковский И.В. , Надточеева Е.П. , Доломанова Е.В. , Мавричев С.А. 
Published: February 2023

C целью улучшения качества лечения и ведения пациентов с плоскоклеточной интраэпителиальной неоплазией вульвы (VIN), болезнью Педжета и меланомой in situ вульвы Европейское общество гинекологической онкологии (ESGO), Междуна- родное общество по изучению вульвовагинальных заболеваний (ISSVD), Европейский колледж по изучению заболеваний вульвы (ECSVD) и Европейская федерация кольпоскопии (EFC) разработали совместные консенсусные заявления. В них указано, что при дифференцированной интраэпителиальной неоплазии вульвы (dVIN) всегда следует применять эксцизионную процедуру. При плоскоклеточном интраэпителиальном поражении вульвы высокой степени (VHSIL) можно использовать эксцизионные и абляционные процедуры, а также медикаментозные варианты лечения (имиквимод, цидофовир). При болезни Педжета вульвы предпочтение отдается подходу с использованием имиквимода. В случае применения хирургического вмешательства рекомендуемый отступ от границ поражения должен составлять 2 см. При меланоме in situ рекомендуется широкое локальное иссечение со свободным хирургическим краем около 1 см. Последующее наблюдение должно модулироваться в соответствии с возможным риском развития рецидива заболевания в зависимости от типа поражения, возраста пациентки и иммунологических состояний, а также других сопутствующих поражений нижних отделов половых путей.
To improve the quality of treatment and management of patients with vulvar squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), Paget’s disease and melanoma in situ of the vulva European Society of Gynecological Oncology (ESGO), the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Diseases (ISSVD), the European College for the Study Vulvar Diseases (ECSVD) and the European Federation of Colposcopy (EFC) have developed joint consensus statements. They state that an excisional procedure should always be used in vulvar differentiated intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN). For high-grade vulvar squamous intraepithelial lesion (VHSIL), excisional and ablative procedures, as well as medical treatment options (imiquimod, cidofovir), can be used. In Paget’s disease of the vulva, the imiquimod approach is preferred. In the case of surgical intervention, the recommended indentation from the borders of the lesion should be 2.0 cm. For melanoma in situ, a wide local excision with a free surgical margin of about 1.0 cm is recommended. Follow-up should be modulated according to the possible risk of disease recurrence depending on the type of lesion, the patient’s age and immunological conditions, as well as other concomitant lesions of the lower genital tract.
MHT: Recommendations and Their Application
Authors: Теслова О.А. , Кириллова Е.Н. , Недень Л.Ч. 
Published: February 2023

В статье представлены современные подходы к диагностике, обследованию и принципам менопаузальной гормональной терапии (МГТ) у женщин с климактерическим синдромом. Менопаузальный период, являясь физиологическим периодом в жизни женщины, часто предопределяет развитие ряда патологических изменений многих органов и систем, о чем должны быть информированы врачи-специалисты разных клинических дисциплин. В статье рассмотрены вопросы возможности профилактики развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и риски тромбоэмболических осложнений, что важно с точки зрения индивидуального междисциплинарного подхода к МГТ.
The article presents modern approaches to the diagnosis, examination and principles of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in women with menopausal syndrome. The menopausal period, being a physiological period in a woman’s life, often predetermines the development of a number of pathological changes in many organs and systems, which should be informed by medical specialists in various clinical disciplines. The article deals with the issues of the possibility of preventing the development of cardiovascular diseases and the risks of thromboembolic complications, which is important from the point of view of an individual interdisciplinary approach to MHT.
Preventive Health Behaviors Pada Caregiver Pasien Lansia Dan Hubungannya Dengan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Anggriani A. , Rahmawati Fita , Wahab Izyan Abdul 
Published: February 2023

Pasien lanjut usia atau geriatri rentan terhadap berbagai masalah klinis yang timbul akibat proses degeneratif dan berpengaruh dalam menjalankan kegiatan pribadi sehingga membutuhkan bantuan dari orang lain yang disebut caregiver. Seorang caregiver, selain membantu kegiatan pribadi pasien geriatri, juga berperan penuh dalam proses penyembuhan pasien. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan caregiver akan memiliki beban mental yang harus diperhatikan agar proses caregiving pada pasien lanjut usia dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi aspek penguasaan emosional individu caregiver serta menelaah perannya dalam proses pengobatan pasien geriatri, terutama pada kepatuhan penggunaan obat. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional yang melibatkan 131 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap caregiver pasien usia lanjut yang mendapatkan layanan kesehatan di Puskesmas daerah Sulawesi Selatan. Instrumen kuesioner Pearlin Mastery Score digunakan untuk mengukur penguasaan emosional individu caregiver, dan pill count method untuk mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan pasien. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif terkait data demografi pasien dan caregiver serta Spearman-rho untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan angka koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,417** yaitu tingkat hubungan antara variabel penguasaan emosional caregiver terhadap tingkat kepatuhan pasien geriatri adalah sebesar 0,417 atau korelasi sedang dengan hubungan antar variabel searah dan bernilai signifikan (p<0,05). Semakin tinggi tingkat penguasaan emosional caregiver maka semakin tinggi tingkat kepatuhan pasien geriatri.
Kata kunci: Geriatri, Caregiver, Preventive Health Behaviour, Kepatuhan Penggunaan Obat
Amikasin: Profil Penggunaan pada Pasien Dewasa Rawat Inap di RSUP Dr.Sardjito Yogyakarta berdasarkan Fungsi Ginjal
Authors: Utami Esti Dyah , Puspitasari Ika , Asdie Rizka Humardewayanti , Lukitaningsih Endang , Dahesihdewi Andaru 
Published: February 2023

Latar belakang: Amikasin digunakan untuk infeksi serius gram negatif resisten gentamisin dan tobramisin. Insidensi nefrotoksisitasnya 3-13%, >90% diekskresikan tidak berubah melalui ginjal dan akumulasi dapat terjadi pada disfungsi ginjal.
Tujuan: Mengetahui profil penggunaan amikasin pada pasien dewasa berdasarkan fungsi ginjalnya serta hubungan fungsi ginjal terhadap kondisi keluar RS dan length of stay.
Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional secara retrospektif dengan pengambilan data RM pasien ≥18tahun rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Sardjito tahun 2020 yang diterapi amikasin (total sampling). Karakteristik dan profil penggunaan dianalisis deskriptif. Uji Chi-Square untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsinya pada pasien ginjal normal dibandingkan gangguan ginjal, serta hubungan fungsi ginjal dengan kondisi KRS dan LOS.
Hasil: Dari 78 subyek, mayoritas fungsi ginjalnya normal, kondisi KRS tidak membaik, dan LOS 4-63 hari. Mayoritas dari 98 regimen amikasin merupakan terapi empiris, kombinasi antibiotik, rute IV-infus, untuk indikasi sepsis/syok-sepsis+pneumonia; median dosis 14,3mg/kgBB/hari, interval 12jam, dan durasi 5hari. Hasil Chi-Square menunjukkan proporsi CrCl, jenis infeksi, komorbid, interval dan durasi amikasin berbeda signifikan (p<0,05) antara pasien ginjal normal dan gangguan ginjal. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara fungsi ginjal dengan kondisi KRS (p=0,003, OR=4,58), namun tidak dengan LOS.
Kesimpulan : Fungsi ginjal berasosiasi positif dengan kondisi KRS pasien. Perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk mengevaluasi pendosisan amikasin berdasarkan fungsi ginjal.
LC-MS of Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.)Bl. and Cytoxic Activity Test
Authors: De Fretes Christina , Simaremare Eva , Gunawan Elsye , Agustini Verena , Maulana Yusuf Eka , Fadhilah Nabila Nur 
Published: February 2023

Anggrek Macan (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digemari di kalangan masyarakat sebagai tanaman hias karena bunganya yang indah. Aggrek macan memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, flavonoid dan tannin yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional. Namun, penelitian mengenai Anggrek Macan di bidang farmakologi masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan senyawa kimia yang terdapat dalam ekstrak herba Anggrek Macan secara LC-MS/MS serta nilai LC₅₀ dan konsentrasi dari ekstrak herba Anggrek Macan yang paling efektif membunuh larva udang (Artemia salina Leach.). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengambilan sampel dari kebun Anggrek yang ada di Lingkungan FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih Papua-Indonesia, selanjutnya sampel dibuat dalam bentuk simplisia, diekstraksi dengan etil asetat. Ekstrak selanjutnya dianalisis dengan LC-MS/MS dan dari ekstrak tersebut juga dilakukan uji sitotoksik dengan metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Anggrek Macan (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) mengandung 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-dihydrochalcone, Apigenin-7-O-α-L-rhamnose(1→4)-6"-O-acetyl-β-D-glucoside, Kushenol H, Rubrofusarin, 3-Hydroxy baicalein dan Luteolin yang diperoleh dari hasil analisis menggunakan Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Ekstrak herba Anggrek Macan memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik dengan nilai LC₅₀ 150,96 ppm dengan tergolong kurang toksik.
Performance Evaluation and Comparison of YOLOv4 and Multiple Layers of CNN for Weapon Detection
Authors: Tahir Tahreem 
Published: February 2023

<p> Many people have lost their lives in weapon incidents every year. According to CDC report 124 people died every day in 2020 due to gun violence. Research has been carried out in this field in recent years for object detection using machine learning methodologies. In the following research methodology, we have carried out research on deep learning based automated weapon detection system which allows system to detect weapons such as Knife, Handgun, and rifle automatically. We have implemented object detection model You Only Look Once YOLO V4 and trained it on our datasets. Training showed that You Only Look Once YOLO V4 outperformed convolutional neural network CNN. By using this model for closed circuit televisions CCTV, we can help people in saving their lives and reduce human mass slaughter. Moreover, we proposed a method to improve accuracy of Convolutional Neural Network CNN by adding N times N number of layers. It will reduce the complexity of the model and improve accuracy. </p>
A Boolean Algebra Based Rule Extraction Algorithm That Extracts If-then Classification Rules from Three-layer Neural Networks with General Inputs
Authors: Hwang Chun-Kai , Yang Cheng-Feng 
Published: February 2023

<p> We present a Boolean algebra based algorithm to extract if-then classification rules from supervised learning feedforward neural networks to solve the black-box problem of the decision process of the neural networks. This algorithm is called the BAB-G rule extraction algorithm, which stands for Boolean Algebra Based for General inputs. According to the concept of discretizing continuous hidden neuron activation values, we present the BAB-G rule extraction algorithm, which can be applied to three-layer feedforward neural networks with discrete, continuous, or mixed inputs. The antecedent parts of the if-then rules obtained from this algorithm are slanting hyperplanes. During the rule extraction procedure, redundant hidden neurons can be removed without affecting the functionality of the neural networks. Some empirical results on the data sets from the UCI repository of machine learning database are given for comparing our rule extraction algorithm and C5.0 decision tree algorithm. For these datasets, statistical hypothesis tests show that the rules obtained from our algorithm achieve the same classification accuracy as the neural networks. Moreover, our rules are better than the C5.0 decision tree both on comprehensibility and on accuracy for these datasets. </p>
High Performance Wearable Ultrasound as a Human-Machine Interface for wrist and hand kinematic tracking
Authors: Grandi Sgambato Bruno , Hasbani Milia , Barsakcioglu Deren Y , Ibáñez Jaime , Jakob Anette , Fournelle Marc , Tang Meng-Xing , Farina Dario 
Published: February 2023

<p><em>Objective:</em> Non-invasive human machine interfaces (HMIs) have high potential in medical, entertainment, and industrial applications. Traditionally, surface electromyography (sEMG) has been used to track muscular activity and infer motor intention. Ultrasound (US) has received increasing attention as an alternative to sEMG-based HMIs. Here, we developed a portable US armband system with 24 channels and a multiple receiver approach, and compared it with existing sEMG- and US-based HMIs on movement intention decoding. </p>
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<p><em>Methods:</em> US and motion capture data was recorded while participants performed wrist and hand movements of four degrees of freedom (DoFs) and their combinations. A linear regression model was used to offline predict hand kinematics from the US (or sEMG, for comparison) features. The method was further validated in real-time for a 3-DoF target reaching task. </p>
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<p><em>Results:</em> In the offline analysis, the wearable US system achieved an average R<sup>2</sup>of 0.94 in the prediction of four DoFs of the wrist and hand while sEMG reached a performance of R<sup>2</sup> = 0.60. In online control, the participants achieved an average 93% completion rate of the targets. </p>
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<p><em>Conclusion: </em>When tailored for HMIs, the proposed US A-mode system and processing pipeline can successfully regress hand kinematics both in offline and online settings with performances comparable or superior to previously published interfaces<em>.</em> </p>
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<p><em>Significance:</em> Wearable US technology may provide a new generation of HMIs that use muscular deformation to estimate limb movements. The wearable US system allowed for robust proportional and simultaneous control over multiple DoFs in both offline and online settings. </p>
Animalia Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Prabhu Swethaa 
Published: February 2023

<p>Animal recognition is the need of the hour specially in a country like India. This paper provides the details of the safari system which is implemented with ease and in the best possible way. It involves the usage of efficient algorithms and technologies available to us. We have kept in mind the accuracy, cost and skill required for the implementation of the project in the course of conceptualization as well as formulation of code. We have used the YOLO V3 object detection algorithm to identify the animals. The Firebase stores the change in data as an object appears in front of the camera. This triggers the app and data are sent to the nearest found applications i.e., the safari van in use. </p>