bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction to ‘New trends in pattern formation and nonlinear dynamics of extended systems’
Authors: Nepomnyashchy Alexander , Samoilova Anna 
Published: February 2023

Pattern formation is a widespread phenomenon observed in physical, chemical and biological systems. During the past decades, powerful experimental and theoretical tools for the investigation of that phenomenon have been developed. Also, the set of pattern forming system was diversified. The present issue presents a panorama of pattern formation and other nonlinear dynamical phenomena in different natural and engineering systems. Special attention is paid to nonlinear dynamics of fluids. Non-equilibrium phenomena in chemical and quantum systems are also considered.This article is part of the theme issue ‘New trends in pattern formation and nonlinear dynamics of extended systems’.
The predictors of new-onset atrial fibrillation incidence after on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A prospective study evaluating syntax score
Authors: Mombeini Hoda , Ebrahimi Alireza , Yazdankhah Saeed , Sheikhi Mohammad Ali , Majidi Shahla , Pakdin Majid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is considered the most common supraventricular arrhythmia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The predictive value of the SYNTAX score for post-CABG new-onset AF incidence has not been clearly evaluated. This study aimed to assess this association in patients undergoing isolated on-pump CABG.MethodThis study was done in a single-center, randomized, and observational setting. A total of 133 patients undergoing on-pump isolated CABG who were older than 18 years and had sinus rhythm were enrolled. Demographic variables of patients were recorded, and the SYNTAX score was measured for the participants. The multivariate logistic regression model was applied to identify the predictors of post-CABG new-onset AF.ResultsThe logistic regression model showed that SYNTAX score of more than 28.25 (p-value= 0.001; OR= 14.25, 95% CI= 2.90_70.11), hypertension (p-value=0.02; OR = 6.59, 95% CI = 1.23_34.57), and calcium channel blocker consumption (p-value=0.02; OR = 8.05, 95% CI = 1.43_45.42) are predictors of new-onset AF after on-pump CABG.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that patients with higher SYNTAX scores in coronary angiography are more likely to develop new-onset AF after isolated on-pump CABG.
Genome-wide Polygenic Risk Score for Type 2 Diabetes in Indian Population
Authors: Pemmasani Sandhya Kiran , Atmakuri Shravya , Acharya Anuradha 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTGenome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRS) for lifestyle disorders, like Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), are useful in identifying at-risk individuals early on in life, and to guide them towards healthier lifestyles. The current study was aimed at developing PRS for the Indian population using imputed genotype data from UK Biobank and testing the developed PRS on data from GenomegaDB™ of Indians living in India. 984 T2D cases and 2,818 controls were selected from Indian participants of UK Biobank to develop the PRS. Summary statistics available for South Asians, from the DIAMANTE consortium, were used to weigh genetic variants. LDpred2 algorithm was used to adjust the effect of linkage disequilibrium among the variants. The association of PRS with T2D, tested with logistic regression, was found to be very significant (AUC = 0.75, OR = 3.06 [95%CI = 2.78 - 3.36]). When participants were divided into four PRS quartile groups, the odds of developing T2D increased sequentially with higher PRS groups. The highest PRS group (top 25%) showed 6.6 fold increased risk compared to the rest of the participants (75%). The derived PRS was found to be significantly associated with T2D in the test dataset of 446 Indians (AUC = 0.6, OR = 1.48 [95%CI = 1.21 - 1.8]). Our results indicate the importance of developing population-specific PRS for T2D to stratify the individuals, and to recommend personalized preventive measures.
A 30-Color Full-Spectrum Flow Cytometry Panel to Characterize the Immune Cell Landscape in Spleen and Tumors within a Syngeneic MC-38 Murine Colon Carcinoma Model
Authors: DeNiro Gabriel , Que Kathryn , Koo Soo Min , Kim Jeong , Schneider Bridget , Mukhopadhyay Anandaroop , Sawant Anandi , Nguyen Tuan Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose and Appropriate Sample TypesThis panel was designed to characterize the immune cell landscape in the mouse tumor micro-environment as well as mouse lymphoid tissues (e.g., spleen). Previous Optimized Multicolor Immunofluorescence Panels (OMIP) with conventional cytometry were examples of high-quality fluorescent-based flow cytometry panels to characterize either the T-cell compartment or the myeloid compartment [1, 2]. The advent of spectral cytometry has enabled sufficient markers to be included in a panel to comprehensively characterize the immune cell landscape including both the T-cell and the myeloid cell compartments. In this body of work, we demonstrated that we could measure the frequency and characterize the functional status of CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, regulatory T cells, NK cells, B cells, macrophages, granulocytes, monocytes, & dendritic cells. This panel is especially useful for understanding the immune landscape in “cold” preclinical tumor models with very low immune cell infiltration, and for investigating how therapeutic treatments may modulate the immune landscape.
Computationally Designed Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Derived from Sulfonamides for Treatment of Glaucoma
Authors: Caruso Danielle J. , Connolly Morgan P. , Nguyen Tram Q. , Siegel Justin B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlaucoma is a known contributor to blindness in adults. This disease occurs as a result of overactivity of the carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) enzyme. Several of the commonly used sulfonamide drugs have been used to treat the symptoms of glaucoma but have been found to have low potency. To develop a more effective drug for the treatment of glaucoma, two novel CAII inhibitor drugs were designed through bioisoteric replacement and chemical intuition. This research discusses the development of these CAII inhibitor drugs from the existing glaucoma drug known as dichlorphenamide. The drugs created in this research were found to have a better docking score within the CAII binding site than that of dichlorphenamide. The drugs proposed in this paper would need to undergo further research to determine laboratory synthesis and potential clinical trialing.
N-Glycosylation is a Potent Regulator of Prion Protein Neurotoxicity
Authors: Schilling Kevin M. , Jorwal Pooja , Ubilla-Rodriguez Natalia C. , Assafa Tufa E. , Gatdula Jean R. P. , Harris David A. , Millhauser Glenn L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe C-terminal domain of cellular prion protein (PrPC) contains two N-linked glycosylation sites, the occupancy of which impacts disease pathology. In this study, we demonstrate that glycans at these sites are required to maintain an intramolecular interaction with the N-terminal domain, mediated through a previously identified copper-histidine tether, which suppresses the neurotoxic activity of PrPC. NMR and EPR spectroscopy demonstrate that the glycans refine the structure of the protein’s interdomain interaction. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, we further show that cultured cells expressing PrP molecules with mutated glycosylation sites display large, spontaneous inward currents, a correlate of PrP-induced neurotoxicity. Our findings establish a structural basis for the role of N-linked glycans in maintaining a non-toxic, physiological fold of PrPC.
Feasibility study of topology optimization of the control system frame for the missile with canard configuration
Authors: Abratanski Artur , Grzejda Rafał , Perz Rafał 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the new method for optimizing the topology of the control system frame for a canard missile to create its efficient model. Determining the minimum volume of the part risked losing some of the mechanical interfaces and functionality required of the frame. The proposed method must cope with these requirements and include a validation loop of the improved solution proposed by the software. The processing of the mathematical model to a printable form must take into account manufacturing technologies limitations and appropriate curvature continuities to avoid stress concentrations.

Design/methodology/approach
Real examples from the aerospace industry are presented and the process of determining a prototype is described. The optimization assumed leaving the largest volume of the domain. Strength analyses were performed on both the assembly fasteners and the robust prototype. Once all boundary conditions were validated, topological optimization was performed in the ANSYS environment. The algorithm of the optimization was presented.

Findings
Obtained fatigues showed the vast potential of topology optimization, efficient method of weight reduction in specific situations. It can be considered as an innovative approach to the manufacturing of products with a structure focused on the best possible correlation of weight and strength, for example of a canard rocket.

Originality/value
The paper introduces precise manufacturing technology of the inner frame for the missile’s control system, which ensures sufficient properties of the material, known as EBM.
Sentiment analysis of the Algerian social movement inception
Authors: Laifa Meriem , Mohdeb Djamila 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis study provides an overview of the application of sentiment analysis (SA) in exploring social movements (SMs). It also compares different models for a SA task of Algerian Arabic tweets related to early days of the Algerian SM, called Hirak.Design/methodology/approachRelated tweets were retrieved using relevant hashtags followed by multiple data cleaning procedures. Foundational machine learning methods such as Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression (LR) and Decision Tree were implemented. For each classifier, two feature extraction techniques were used and compared, namely Bag of Words and Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency. Moreover, three fine-tuned pretrained transformers AraBERT and DziriBERT and the multilingual transformer XLM-R were used for the comparison.FindingsThe findings of this paper emphasize the vital role social media played during the Hirak. Results revealed that most individuals had a positive attitude toward the Hirak. Moreover, the presented experiments provided important insights into the possible use of both basic machine learning and transfer learning models to analyze SA of Algerian text datasets. When comparing machine learning models with transformers in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score, the results are fairly similar, with LR outperforming all models with a 68 per cent accuracy rate.Originality/valueAt the time of writing, the Algerian SM was not thoroughly investigated or discussed in the Computer Science literature. This analysis makes a limited but unique contribution to understanding the Algerian Hirak using artificial intelligence. This study proposes what it considers to be a unique basis for comprehending this event with the goal of generating a foundation for future studies by comparing different SA techniques on a low-resource language.
Service agents’ risk behavior and implications for co-creation
Authors: Chathoth Prakash K. , Ungson Gerardo R. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework for further understanding the risks embedded in co-creation services in high-contact service transactions. It delineates behavioral and economic perspectives focusing on agency costs, risk behavior, compensation structure and provides a context in which information is processed.

Design/methodology/approach
Following an extensive review of the literature, propositions are advanced that relate an agent’s risk behavior to information processing, compensation and the propensity to engage in co-creation. These propositions provide a complementary context for understanding risks in the co-creation process.

Findings
The propositions detail how a service agent’s information processing can be enhanced if the customer’s expected utility from transactions is maximized by managing the agent’s risk behavior and earnings potential. A compensation structure that balances fixed base and variable pay can motivate risk-taking and the agent’s propensity to engage in co-creation.

Originality/value
This paper extends the understanding of agency risks in the co-creation of hospitality services that integrates economic and behavioral perspectives with information processing. Theoretical implications include a broader context of the risks underlying co-creation. Practical implications relate to how earnings potential could be maximized by considering the agent’s risk behavior and the expected utility arising from such transactions.
Barriers experienced with multi-agency responses to county line gangs: a focus group study
Authors: Neaverson Aimee , Lake Abbie 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
This study aims to create a platform for frontline practitioners to share experiences, express opinions and forge new ideas for effective multi-agency work when responding to child exploitation by county line gangs (CLGs).

Design/methodology/approach
CLGs are grooming children as young as age 7. The need for effective multi-agency responses to grooming by CLGs is a key priority for prevention. Using findings from focus groups held with 13 youth practitioners, school staff and charities, this article highlights the barriers that multi-agency frontline practitioners face when they are tasked with responding to instances of child criminal exploitation by CLGs.

Findings
Discussions within the focus groups indicate there are many common barriers and driving factors with regards to young people being successfully groomed by a CLG. More specifically, findings from this research identified school exclusions and a lack of prosocial sense of belonging to be a driving factor that exacerbated the risk of being successfully groomed by a CLG. Lack of a significant adult relationship was also found to be a barrier to successful multi-agency intervention, which was attributed to the lack of funding and resources required for adequate staffing needed to build meaningful relationships.

Originality/value
This study offered the unique opportunity for practitioners from various different sectors and jurisdictions to share their experiences of not only working with young people involved in CLGs, but also their challenges when using a multi-agency approach. These discussions are particularly important in the case of CLGs due to the cross-jurisdiction nature of the gangs’ activities. This research has identified issues with multi-agency responses to CLGs and offers recommendations for improvement. Identifying and understanding the barriers that practitioners face when responding to CLGs can allow for the development and implementation of various measures, which will aid the safeguarding of vulnerable victims of exploitation by CLGs.
Consumer coping with Covid-19: an exploratory study of clothing consumption shifts and the effect of consumer resilience
Authors: Liu Chuanlan , Xia Sibei , Lang Chunmin 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis study aims to discover clothing consumption shifts and explore the effect of consumer resilience in changing clothing consumption patterns or establishing new clothing consumption routines after experiencing disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA two-phase multi-method approach was employed. The first phase of qualitative inquiry was conducted to identify clothing consumption shifts using a content mining approach on a text data sample of 17,195 tweets posted from 1 January to 30 September 2020. The second phase of the quantitative study was conducted to explore consumer resilience's effect on clothing consumption shifts based on a collected national sample of 418 respondents through an online survey.FindingsThis study identified clothing consumption changes including value shifts, style shifts and spending shifts. It was also found that resilient consumers care about a company's ethical practices and value the quality instead of the number of items in their wardrobe. Consumers spend more time wearing comfortable clothing and are used to the working-from-home lifestyle.Originality/valueThis study explored approaches to making use of social media data for a better understanding of consumers' clothing behaviour. Also, this study attempted to explore and understand clothing consumption practices during and post the Covid-19 global pandemic, focusing on identifying shifts that might last longer for fashion businesses to explore growth opportunities.
Flourishing digital technology in professional services firms: multidisciplinary perspectives in India
Authors: Panda Ansumalini , Pasumarti Srinivas Subbarao , Hiremath Suvarna 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the role of digitalization on the key characteristics of professional service firms (PSFs) that are part of the service sector and inherently oriented with intense knowledge, capital and professionalized workforces.xD; xA.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a qualitative, exploratory and inductive research methodology based on in-depth interviews with 49 entrepreneurs/professionals of PSFs focusing on the role of digitalization including capital intensity, knowledge intensity and professionalized workforce.FindingsThe result reflected that digitalization facilitates at lower levels of knowledge intensity, whereas it increases the capital intensity for most of the firms and decreases the professionalization of the workforce among PSFs.Originality/valueThe study provides empirical validations where digitalization has changed the distinctive characteristics of PSFs, which promotes new practices, allows for variation and transforms their competitive contexts. In light of these findings, the authors illuminated the application of digitalization on the Indian law firms, retail, education, healthcare and manufacturing industry.
Contributions of eudaimonic well-being to mental health practice
Authors: Ryff Carol D. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to examine synergies between a eudaimonic model of psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989) and mental health practice. The model grew out of clinical, developmental, existential and humanistic perspectives that emphasized psychological strengths and capacities, in contrast to the focus on emotional distress and dysfunction in clinical psychology.

Design/methodology/approach
Conceptual foundations of the eudaimonic approach are described, along with the six components positive functioning that are used to measure well-being. These qualities may be important in facilitating the recovery experiences, which are of interest in Mental Health and Social Inclusion.

Findings
Four categories of empirical evidence about eudaimonia are reviewed: how it changes with aging, how it matters for health, what are its biological and neurological underpinnings and whether it can be promoted. Major contemporary forces against eudaimonia are also considered, including ever-widening inequality, the enduring pandemic and world-wide strife. In contrast, encounters with the arts and nature are put forth as forces for eudaimonia. The relevance of these ideas for mental health research and practice is considered.

Practical implications
Enormous suffering defines our contemporary world. Such realities call for greater attention to factors that undermine as well as nurture the realization of human potential, the core of eudaimonic well-being.

Originality/value
Mental health is often defined as the absence of mental illness. The novelty of the eudaimonic approach is to define mental health as the presence of well-being, assessed with different components of positive functioning.
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic: the human-plus-AI evolution and its risks
Authors: Leavy Brian 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
This is a thought-leader interview with psychologist Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic on his insights into the implications for our humanity of the AI age.

Design/methodology/approach
A thought-leader interview

Findings
The interview highlights six maladaptive human tendencies that are at risk of being amplified in the age of AI and what we can do to mitigate them

Originality/value
The interview examines the latest thinking on the topic.
Sentimental tourism to a lost land: age and roots diversification
Authors: Tomczewska-Popowycz Natalia , Huang Wei-Jue 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the phenomenon of sentimental tourism in Central-Eastern Europe, which is travels to places related to people’s past or their country’s past for sentimental reasons with reference to disruptive historical events (e.g. border changes and lost territories), and identify different segments within sentimental tourists.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted with 400 Polish sentimental tourists to compare their attitudes and behaviour when visiting a “lost” land by age and family roots. Independent samples t-tests and analysis of variance were conducted to compare the views of sentimental tourists by Borderland origin. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify the underlying dimensions of destination performance. Cluster analysis was conducted to classify tourists into segments based on their perception of destination performance.

Findings
This study analysed the attitude and behaviour of sentimental tourists by age and family roots. Some significant differences were revealed in the purpose of trip, interest in heritage attractions and perception of destination performance across different groups. The study also identifies key factors of destination performance: accessibility, sentiment and infrastructure and security. Based on factor and cluster analyses, Polish sentimental tourists were divided into three types of connections: personally attached older sentimental tourists, cognitively attached younger sentimental tourists and tourists with general interests.

Originality/value
Different from roots tourism, sentimental tourism is unique in including tourists without personal roots but feels sentimental towards the destination based on the shared heritage of lost territories. This study shows how sentimental tourists attach to a lost land that used to belong to their country and how different perceptions of the destination have roots and non-roots tourists. Sentimental tourism in Central Europe provides a new perspective to consider the relationship between tourists and heritage places as well as tourist segmentation.