bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disrupted brain mitochondrial morphology after in vivo hydrogen sulfide exposure
Authors: Rumbeiha Wilson K. , Kim Dong-Suk , Min Angela , Nair Maya , Giulivi Cecilia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial dynamics are often associated with dietary patterns, medical treatments, xenobiotics, and diseases. Toxic exposures to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) harm mitochondria by inhibiting Complex IV and other mechanisms. However, changes in mitochondrial dynamics, including morphology following acute exposures to H2S, are not yet fully understood. This study followed mitochondrial morphology changes over time after an acute dose (1000 ppm) of H2S by examining electron microscopy images of mouse thalami. Our findings revealed that within the initial 48 h after H2S exposure, the energy-producing capacity of mitochondria was impaired by H2S, supported by the disruption and scarcity of the cristae, which are required to enhance the surface area for ATP production. At the 72-h mark point, a spectrum of morphological cellular changes was observed, and the disordered mitochondrial network, accompanied by the probable disruption of mitophagy, was tied to changes in mitochondrial shape. In summary, this study sheds light on how acute exposure to high levels of H2S triggers alterations in mitochondrial shape and structure as early as 24 h that become more evident at 72 h post-exposure. These findings underscore the impact of H2S on mitochondrial function and overall cellular health.
A Rat Model of Chronic Heart Failure Combined with Intestinal Dysfunction and Alterations in the Microbiome and Metabolomics
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Wei Xiunan , Dai Yonggang , Li Gongyi , Zhang Miaomiao , Liang Junwei , Cheng Yan , Chi Lili 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Intestinal dysfunction (ID) is considered a critical comorbidity of chronic heart failure (CHF) and can exacerbate the condition. The pathophysiology underlying chronic heart failure combined with intestinal dysfunction (CHF&ID) remains elusive, and animal models are lacking. In this study, we compared four modeling methods, abdominal aortic constriction (AAC), transverse aortic constriction (TAC), TAC combined with cecum ligation (TAC + CL), and AAC combined with cecum ligation (AAC + CL), to establish a rat CHF&ID model. The results demonstrated that TAC + CL elicited a significant elevation in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, accompanied by a notable decrease in heart function as assessed by echocardiography. Moreover, this method induced myocardial fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rats. Additionally, it was found to induce mechanical barrier damage to the small intestinal, including disorganization of epithelial structure, and increased diamine oxidase (DAO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. Afterward, analysis of the cecal intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing technology revealed significant alterations in CHF&ID rats, characterized by an increased abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, NK4A214_group, Family_XIII_AD3011_group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, and Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05), as well as a decreased abundance of Roseburia, Oscillibacter and Tuzzerella (p < 0.05). Detection of serum metabolites by the LC‒MS coupling technique revealed that LysoPC (0:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), LysoPC (18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)/0:0), PC (17:1(9Z)/0:0), glycoursodeoxycholic acid were upregulated. Correlation analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota was significantly associated with several lipid metabolites, cardiac remodeling and leaky gut indicators. These results suggest that intestinal microbiota disorders and serum metabolites crosstalk with each other to induce the development of CHF&ID.
Attitudes of Parents of Children with Rare Neurological Disorders Toward Clinical Genetic Testing
Authors: Salayev Kamran , Guliyeva Ulviyya , Guliyeva Sugra , Kaiyrzhanov Rauan , Aslanova Ulviyya , Guliyeva Narmin , Houlden Henry , Munir Kerim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To study attitudes among parents of probands with rare pediatric-onset neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders on Clinical Genetic Testing (CGT).
Methods: We administered an 8-item direct structured questionnaire comprising statements regarding attitudes on CGT to 101 consenting parents of probands enrolled in the Central Asia and Transcaucasia Disease Diversity Project. The probands comprised pediatric-onset diseases that included cerebral palsy, epilepsy, severe physical, language, and intellectual developmental delays, and autism spectrum symptoms
in children with rare neurological disorders. We studied correlations between parents’ opinions and demographic and clinical characteristics.
Results: The majority of parents (82.1%–91.9%) agreed on statements reflecting the positive effects of CGT (causal explanation, research support, treatment relevance, recurrence prevention, and family planning). The opinions on the negative effects (discrimination, parental concern, and family conflicts) were less uniform. The level of education of parents correlated with statements about causal explanation, research support, and family planning (p < 0.05). Individual concurrent symptoms (severe developmental delay, epilepsy, autism, and microcephaly) correlated with several statements (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Parents showed positive attitudes toward clinical genetic testing. Parents’ educational level was the most significant factor influencing their opinions. The spectrum and severity of clinical symptoms may shape the attitudes of the parents toward individual aspects of CGT.
Unveiling cell metabolic bioprocess of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression through nutrients-driven cancer immunomarker progression using SERS technique
Authors: Huang Qing , Muhammad Muhammad , Shao Chang-Sheng , Bashir Mona , Wu Yahui , Zhan Jie , Zhang Leisheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the expression and progression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as an immunomarker in the context of cell metabolic environments have gained significant attention in cancer research. This study aims to explore the dynamic changes of PD-L1 expression and progression within the cell metabolic environment using SERS. The SERS technique offers a sensitive, rapid, and powerful analytical tool that allows for targeted and non-destructive detection of immunomarker with high-sensitivity and specificity. By combining SERS with cell metabolic state-profiling, we investigated the correlation between the metabolic state of cells and PD-L1 immunomarker expression. We assessed the changes in PD-L1 expression under different metabolic states including glucose deprivation, metabolic co-enzyme activity, and altered metabolic cytokines availability. SERS nanotags based on aptamer combined Au/4-ATP/Ag were employed in cells, providing molecular fingerprints of the Raman reporter in cells that reflected the PD-L1 expression levels. Our intricate exploration utilizing PD-L1-aptamer functionalized SERS nanotags underscores the intricate modulation of PD-L1 expression across diverse cellular scenarios. Specifically, we observed that glucose deprivation led to upregulated PD-L1 expression, suggesting a potential link between cellular energy metabolism and immune checkpoint regulation. Additionally, NADPH lead glucose metabolism was found to significantly influence PD-L1 expression dynamics. Our results elucidate concentration-dependent PD-L1 responses to immune signaling molecules, illuminating the sophisticated interplay between glucose metabolism, redox dynamics, and cytokine-mediated regulation in shaping immune checkpoint expression. These findings hold implications for precision-targeted therapeutic interventions in the realm of cancer treatment.
Aberrant structural and functional alterations in patients with insomnia comorbid anxiety: A combined voxel-based morphometry and functional connectivity study
Authors: Xu Minghe , Li Bo , Wang Shuang , Chen Chunlian , Liu Zhe , Ji Yuqing , Liu Kai , Niu Yujun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Chronic insomnia disorder (CID) is commonly comorbid with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), resulting in possible alterations in patient's brain structure and function. However, its imaging manifestation and pathogenesis remains unclear. To investigate the imaging manifestations of patient with CID comorbid GAD, as well as its possible pathogenesis. A total of 57 patients with CID comorbid GAD and 57 healthy controls (HC) were respectively recruited in this study. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and functional connectivity (FC) were used to observe the gray matter volume (GMV) and functional alterations. Correlation analysis was used to discover associations between brain alterations and clinical features. The patients presented with decreased GMV in the left cerebellum, right cerebellar peduncle and left insula, increased FC in the left cerebellum-right angular gyrus and the left insula-anterior left cingulate gyrus, and decreased FC in left cerebellum-middle left cingulate gyrus, left cerebellum-left medial superior frontal gyrus, and left insula-left superior postcentral gyrus. There was an association between CID comorbid with GAD and some of these brain alterations. Reduced GMV in left insula and decreased FC in left cerebellum-middle left cingulate gyrus and left cerebellum-left medial superior frontal gyrus may contribute to the comorbidity of CID and GAD.
"Characteristics and Variability of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strains: Implications for Virulence and Control - A Scoping Review"
Authors: Martinez Natalia , Machado Gustavo , Golding Megan , Deza-Cruz Inaki , Prada Joaquin M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the responsible agent of one of the most important diseases in the pig industry and is distributed worldwide. There are two main classifications of the virus, PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2, the first common in Europe and the second in the United States and China. The major challenge in controlling the agent is the significant variation in the strains, which limits the efficiency of vaccines and control measures. We examined peer-reviewed literature to investigate the characteristics and distinctions among various strains and identify the attributes enabling the virus to thrive within pig herds.
We searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between July and August 2022. We identified 2,847 articles published between 2012 and 2022 and evaluated their eligibility based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Thirty-one articles were finally selected, analysed, and compared to extract and systematise as many factors that account for PRRSV virulence as possible.
Results/conclusions
The selected studies focused on experimental models of PRRSV infection that compared the virulence and pathogenic characteristics of different strains in different age groups. These studies aimed to identify differences in disease development, transmission, and host susceptibility between breeding-age and young pigs. By comparing different parameters, we provided insights into the varying virulence of PRRSV strains. Future research aims to monitor markers that can help understand the complex interactions between the host, pathogen, and environment, improve animal health, and effectively control the consequences of PRRSV infection.
Cathepsin B degrades RbcL during freezing-induced programmed cell death in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Gang , Chen Tao , Fan Ting-ting , Lin Xiang-yu , Cui Yu-qiong , Dong Wei-chao , An Li-zhe , Zhang Hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) has been well documented in both development and in response to environmental stresses in plants; however, PCD induced by freezing stress and its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we characterised freezing-induced PCD and explored its mechanisms in Arabidopsis. PCD induced by freezing stress was similar to that induced by other stresses and senescence in Arabidopsis plants with cold acclimation. Inhibitor treatment assays and immunoblotting indicated that cathepsin B mainly contributed to increased caspase-3-like activity during freezing-induced PCD. Cathepsin B was involved in freezing-induced PCD and degraded the large subunit, RbcL, of Rubisco. Our results demonstrate an essential regulatory mechanism of cathepsin B for Rubisco degradation in freezing-induced PCD, improving our understanding of freezing-induced cell death and nitrogen and carbohydrate remobilisation in plants.
Hardware in Loop Quasi-Static Simulations Dedicated to Evaluation of On Load Tap Changers Distribution Voltage Regulators
Authors: Palma Marcelle Alves Bezerra , Junior José Eduardo da Rocha Alves , Taranto Glauco Nery 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a new approach for evaluating distribution voltage regulators using quasi-static hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. Distribution voltage regulators are used to control the voltage using tap change transformers and are equipped with static control algorithms in order to accomplish different configurations of the distribution electric grid with typical load profiles. The growing penetration of renewable energy in electrical distribution systems is a great challenge for this equipment and it becomes paramount that its measurement and control algorithms adapt to this new reality. Hardware in loop testing (HIL) techniques could be used for assessing the performance of the voltage regulator equipment. Most applications of HIL are concerned with accessing the dynamics of electrical system including not only grid modelling, but also the real equipment involved and should be used to test the efficiency of voltage regulation. However, a more simplified approach concerning the HIL tool could be applied to testing distribution voltage regulators in the laboratory prior to installation, evaluating the performance of algorithms and equipment by conducting quasi-static simulations. This paper presents this approach, joining NI LABVIEW laboratory controller software [1] and an open-source program OpenDSS [2]. It is demonstrated the effectiveness of quasi-static HIL platforms for assessing several aspects of static voltage tap regulators before installing them in the electric grid. The major advantage is the smaller computation complexity of a static simulations compared to dynamic simulators, allowing simpler hardware requirements. In this sense, a large number of medium to long term simulations could be easily performed providing a broader view of the behavior of the electric system including voltage regulators.
A rare case of fungal keratitis caused by Tintelnotia destructans
Authors: Barranca Isabel Romero , Caro-Magdaleno Manuel , Mataix-Albert Beatriz , López-Barba José , Cordero-Ramos Jaime , Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa Enrique 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Fungal keratitis is a rare, potentially sight-threatening fungal infection of the cornea, and a major global cause of visual impairment and blindness. Tintelnotia destructans, a filamentous fungus, is an unusual virulent ocular pathogen. Little is known about this fungi’s association with ophthalmological conditions and there is no standardized treatment protocol in guidelines.
Case presentation:
We report a rare case of T. destructans-associated keratitis in a 45-year-old woman, without history of corneal trauma and a regular contact lenses user, presenting with eye discomfort and redness. Conjunctival hyperemia and a corneal abscess located inferiorly parapupilarly with an epithelial lesion was detected and topical ciprofloxacin eye drops was initiated. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) revealed fungal hyphae growing perpendicularly through the corneal collagen lamellae, suggesting keratomycosis. Culture from corneal scrapings identified the hyphomycete as T. destructans. The diagnosed corneal abscess was treated successfully with natamycin and terbinafine, resulting in symptom regression.
Conclusions
T. destructans is an opportunistic pathogen causing severe keratomycosis with no standardized treatment. Early diagnosis using IVCM and fungal culture, guided by in vitro susceptibility testing, can allow prompt intervention.
Relationship between intraoperative requirement for inhalational anesthetic or opioid and postoperative analgesic consumption: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Lee Jun Ho , Doo A Ram , Oh Jeongmin , Jang Jieun , Ko Seonghoon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the relationship between intraoperative requirement for an inhalational anesthetic (sevoflurane) or an opioid (remifentanil) and postoperative analgesic consumption.
Methods
The study included 200 adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colectomy. In the sevoflurane group, the effect-site concentration of remifentanil was fixed at 1.0 ng/ml, while the inspiratory sevoflurane concentration was adjusted to maintain an appropriate anesthetic depth. In the remifentanil group, the end-expiratory sevoflurane concentration was fixed at 1.0 volume%, and the remifentanil concentration was adjusted. Pain scores and cumulative postoperative analgesic consumptions were evaluated at 2, 6, 24, and 48 h after surgery.
Results
Average end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane and effect-site concentration of remifentanil were 2.0 ± 0.4 volume% and 3.9 ± 1.4 ng/ml in the sevoflurane and remifentanil groups, respectively. Cumulative postoperative analgesic consumption at 48 h postoperatively was 55 ± 26 ml in the sevoflurane group and 57 ± 33 ml in the remifentanil group. In the remifentanil group, the postoperative cumulative analgesic consumptions at 2 and 6 h were positively correlated with intraoperative remifentanil requirements (2 h: r = 0.36, P < 0.01; 6 h: r = 0.38, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant correlation in the sevoflurane group (r = 0.04, P = 0.69).
Conclusion
The amount of intraoperative requirement of short acting opioid, remifentanil, is correlated with postoperative analgesic consumption within postoperative 6 h. It may be contributed by the development of acute opioid tolerance. However, intraoperative sevoflurane requirement had no effect on postoperative analgesic consumption.
Trial registration:
KCT0004743
Knowledge Fusion with Supervised Deep Analysis Dictionary Learning for Kinship Verification
Authors: Maggu Jyoti 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Consider the new challenge of determining the relationship or kinship between two people based on the face photographs that are provided. Although it can be difficult, finding kin ties between matched images across big datasets is crucial in numerous computer vision applications. We present a novel knowledge fusion-based supervised deep analysis dictionary learning architecture for face kinship verification using recent advancements in deep learning and dictionary learning and then solve the optimization problem. Three datasets for kinship verification serve as examples of the experimental effectiveness. Results reveal that our suggested solution outperforms challenging state-of-the-art algorithms by a wide margin.
Facilitating access to primary care for people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances in Belgium through community health workers: towards a conceptual framework
Authors: Masquillier Caroline , Cosaert Theo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Inspired by examples in low- and middle-income countries, 50 community health workers (CHWs) were introduced in Belgium to improve access to primary care for people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances. This article aims to explore the ways in which community health workers (CHWs) support people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances in their access to primary care.
Methods
The qualitative research focuses on the first year of implementation of this pioneer nationwide CHW programme in Belgium. To respond to the research aim, thirteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were held with people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances. In addition, a photovoice study was conducted with fifteen CHWs comprising four phases: (1) photovoice training; (2) participatory observation with each CHW individually; (3) an individual semi-structured in-depth interview; and (4) three focus group discussions.
Results
The qualitative results show that the CHWs’ outreaching way of working allows them to reach people living at the crossroads of different vulnerabilities that are intertwined and reinforce each other. They experience complex care needs, while at the same time they face several barriers that interrupt the continuum of access to primary care – as conceptualised in the theoretical access-to-care framework of Levesque and colleagues [1]. Study findings suggest that CHWs adapt their support to the unique interplay between health system barriers and individual barriers people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances might experience along the access-to-care continuum. However, important to note is that the qualitative results show that the way in which CHWs support people is also impacted by the broader health system, such as long waiting times and unwelcoming healthcare professionals after referral from a CHW.
Discussion
CHWs can thus play a valuable bridging role between the Belgian healthcare system and people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances who have little to no access to regular healthcare. The conceptual model of CHW-facilitated access to primary care developed in this article explores the way in which CHWs support people living in socio-economically vulnerable circumstances in their access to primary care in Belgium.
Determinants of First-year Students' Career Path in Ghana
Authors: Kissi-Abrokwah Bernard , Krog Soezin , Tutu-Danquah Cecilia , Akumbuno Alexander , Acheampong Ebenezer , Asare Kotor , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Hammond Pearl Nana Yaa Adubea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A successful career chosen by the student is the essential component in academic success. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of first-year students' career paths in Ghana. The study was underpinned by Trait and Factor Theory (TFT), Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The study was based on interpretive philosophical assumptions, and a qualitative approach was used to investigate the factors that influence the choice of career path of first-year university students in Ghana. All in all, 36 students were purposefully selected in three focus groups. The study found that socioeconomic, educational, sociocultural, and individual factors were the key determinants of a student’s career path. The study concluded that students from wealthy backgrounds have greater flexibility in choosing career paths that align with their interests than those from lower-income backgrounds. Again, it was revealed that students’ personal values and desires have a positive impact on their career paths.