bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Year 2004: Historiographical Issues Concerning Islam in The Netherlands
Authors: Berger Maurits 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article aims to take a new approach to the study of Islam in Europe today by adopting a historiographical method with particular emphasis on the concept of temporality. The case-study will be The Netherlands, where it will be shown that a convergence of events in the year 2004 has contributed to the shaping of the national experience of ‘Islam’. It will be argued that these events, and the manner in which they took place, have created a national traumatic experience that has fossilised the way the Dutch have talked and thought about Islam since then.
The Time Has Arrived for Post-Post-Secularism
Authors: Shook John R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Political secularism secures the disestablishment of religion by government. Religions sense an undemocratic power grab, and hence demand the disestablishment of secularism. The obvious options for political religion are few, to either promote populist majoritarianism, and/or control one or another branch of government. The options for political secularism in an age of secularization are no less momentous. Berlinerblau’s book Secularism: The Basics should be widely read as a clarion call for post-post-secularism, where political secularism has been all along. Post-secular academics and pro-religion intellectuals are getting called to account for their erosion of republican principles and their tacit or open endorsement of religious populism. The restoration of political secularism would counteract rising tides of conservative populism threatening constitutional democracy and human rights.
Recognition of Non-Islamic Justice in the Works of Two Classical Islamic Political Thinkers: al-Ṭurṭūshī and Ibn Khaldūn
Authors: Ghossein Mohamad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present paper examines the place of non-Islamic justice in two medieval Islamic political texts, Abū Bakr al-Ṭurṭūshī’s (d. 1126) Lamp of Kings (Sirāj al-Mulūk) and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Ibn Khaldūn’s (d. 1406) Prolegomena (Muqaddima). By attempting to derive the principles of political justice through reason, and by repudiating claims that normative political values are solely derived from revelation, both thinkers commit to thoroughgoing recognition of non-Islamic forms of justice. As they formulate a pessimistic account of human nature, both contend that the principal objective of political justice is deterrence of innate human lawlessness. And since humans are deemed feeble and corruptible, they may settle for practical political solutions, even if outside the tradition of scripture and revelation. In the final analysis, this rationalist account is juxtaposed to the political aims of certain strands of modern traditionalism, where the role of reason is greatly minimized, if not completely subordinated to revelation. For fundamentalist revivalists, the categories of Islamic and non-Islamic societies intimate a striking opposition between just and unjust societies. While al-Ṭurṭūshī and Ibn Khaldūn also maintain a qualitative difference between Islamic and non-Islamic polities, their conclusions are markedly different from those of the modern traditionalists. The notion of justice they advance, which rests on a pessimistic thesis, results in a more intent recognition of non-Islamic political institutions and laws, irrespective of their creedal origins.
A comparative study for the main properties of silica and carbon black Filled bagasse-styrene butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Abdallah Khalaf Eyad Sayed 
Published: April 2023

A comparative study has been done to investigate the effect of carbon black (CB) and fumed silica (Si) on the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of Bagasse/styrene-butadiene rubber (B-SBR) composites. Based on the incorporation of 25 phr from natural ground bagasse powder (GBP) as a supplement reinforcing filler in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates, two identical sets of formulations have been prepared using different concentrations (20, 40, 60 and 80 phr) of carbon black and silica as the main reinforcing fillers in SBR composites. The ground bagasse powder (GBP) employed in this work, has a selective grain size distribution ranging from about 20–180 μm. As well, 2.5 phr of maleic anhydride (MA) was incorporated to improve the interfacial adhesion between SBR and bagasse. The distinguishing effect of different fillers on the rheological properties was clearly established. Tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at 100% elongation (M 100), hardness (Shore A), abrasion loss, degree of swelling, as well as, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the rubber vulcanizates were studied. The prepared samples were morphologically analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength and M 100% values of carbon black-filled compounds were obviously higher than those of the silica filled ones. In addition, hardness, wear and swelling properties were improved more and more by increasing the filler content. Whereas, the Si filled B/SBR showed a decreasing trend in elongation at break values but with an evidently higher plateau than that of CB filled ones. Overall, the CB filled vulcanizates recorded dominant mechanical properties compared to the Si filled vucanizates. On the other hand, both fillers offered a noticeable improvement in thermal stability, but with a preference favored for the silica filled compounds. Furthermore, the findings for SEM were found to be in agreement with the observed mechanical properties. This study summarizes a detailed discussion of the emerging green technologies for tyre production and depicted comprehensive data from the available literature.
Protection of melatonin treatment and combination with traditional antibiotics against septic myocardial injury
Authors: Di Wencheng , Jin Zhenxiao , Lei Wangrui , Liu Qiong , Yang Wenwen , Zhang Shaofei , Lu Chenxi , Xu Xiaoling , Yang Yang , Zhao Huadong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Heart failure is a common complication of sepsis with a high mortality rate. It has been reported that melatonin can attenuate septic injury due to various properties. On the basis of previous reports, this study will further explore the effects and mechanisms of melatonin pretreatment, posttreatment, and combination with antibiotics in the treatment of sepsis and septic myocardial injury.

Methods and results
Our results showed that melatonin pretreatment showed an obvious protective effect on sepsis and septic myocardial injury, which was related to the attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress, the improvement of mitochondrial function, the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. In particular, AMPK serves as a key effector for melatonin-initiated myocardial benefits. In addition, melatonin posttreatment also had a certain degree of protection, while its effect was not as remarkable as that of pretreatment. The combination of melatonin and classical antibiotics had a slight but limited effect. RNA-seq detection clarified the cardioprotective mechanism of melatonin.

Conclusion
Altogether, this study provides a theoretical basis for the application strategy and combination of melatonin in septic myocardial injury.
moBRCA-net: a breast cancer subtype classification framework based on multi-omics attention neural networks
Authors: Choi Joung Min , Chae Heejoon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease that comprises multiple biological components. Owing its diversity, patients have different prognostic outcomes; hence, early diagnosis and accurate subtype prediction are critical for treatment. Standardized breast cancer subtyping systems, mainly based on single-omics datasets, have been developed to ensure proper treatment in a systematic manner. Recently, multi-omics data integration has attracted attention to provide a comprehensive view of patients but poses a challenge due to the high dimensionality. In recent years, deep learning-based approaches have been proposed, but they still present several limitations.

Results
In this study, we describe moBRCA-net, an interpretable deep learning-based breast cancer subtype classification framework that uses multi-omics datasets. Three omics datasets comprising gene expression, DNA methylation and microRNA expression data were integrated while considering the biological relationships among them, and a self-attention module was applied to each omics dataset to capture the relative importance of each feature. The features were then transformed to new representations considering the respective learned importance, allowing moBRCA-net to predict the subtype.

Conclusions
Experimental results confirmed that moBRCA-net has a significantly enhanced performance compared with other methods, and the effectiveness of multi-omics integration and omics-level attention were identified. moBRCA-net is publicly available at https://github.com/cbi-bioinfo/moBRCA-net.
Carbon and nitrogen metabolism affects kentucky bluegrass rhizome expansion
Authors: Ran Fu , Yuan Yajuan , Bai Xiaoming , Li Changning , Li Juanxia , Chen Hui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Rhizome is vital for carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the whole plant. However, the effect of carbon and nitrogen in the rhizome on rhizome expansion remains unclear.

Results
Three wild Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) germplasms with different rhizome expansion capacity (strong expansion capacity, ‘YZ’; medium expansion capacity, ‘WY’; and weak expansion capacity, ‘AD’) were planted in the field and the rhizomes number, tiller number, rhizome dry weight, physiological indicators and enzyme activity associated carbon and nitrogen metabolisms were measured. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was utilized to analyze the metabolomic of the rhizomes. The results showed that the rhizome and tiller numbers of the YZ were 3.26 and 2.69-fold of that of the AD, respectively. The aboveground dry weight of the YZ was the greatest among all three germplasms. Contents of soluble sugar, starch, sucrose, NO3−-N, and free amino acid were significantly higher in rhizomes of the YZ than those of the WY and AD (P < 0.05). The activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) of the YZ were the highest among all three germplasm, with values of 17.73 A·g− 1 h− 1, 5.96 µmol·g− 1 min− 1, and 11.35 mg·g− 1 h− 1, respectively. Metabolomics analyses revealed that a total of 28 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were up-regulated, and 25 DEMs were down-regulated in both comparison groups (AD vs. YZ group and WY vs. YZ group). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that metabolites related to histidine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism were associated with rhizomes carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

Conclusions
Overall, the results suggest that soluble sugar, starch, sucrose, NO3−-N, and free amino acid in rhizome are important to and promote rhizome expansion in Kentucky bluegrass, while tryptamine, 3-methylhistidine, 3-indoleacetonitrile, indole, and histamine may be key metabolites in promoting carbon and nitrogen metabolism of rhizome.
Residual risk of mother-to-child transmission of HBV despite timely Hepatitis B vaccination: a major challenge to eliminate hepatitis B infection in Cambodia
Authors: E Bunthen , Ko Ko , Kim Rattana , Nagashima Shintaro , Ouoba Serge , Hussain Md Razeen Ashraf , Sato Tomoki , Chuon Channarena , Abe Kanon , Sugiyama Aya , Takahashi Kazuaki , Akita Tomoyuki , Tung Rathavy , Ork Vichit , Hossain Md. Shafiqul , Saphonn Vonthanak , Tanaka Junko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In countries with intermediate or high hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) represents the main route of chronic HBV infection. There is a paucity of information on HBV MTCT in Cambodia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women and its MTCT rate in Siem Reap, Cambodia.

Methods
This longitudinal study included two parts, study-1 to screen HBsAg among pregnant women and study-2 to follow up babies of all HBsAg-positive and one-fourth of HBsAg-negative mothers at their delivery and six-month post-partum. Serum or dried blood spot (DBS) samples were collected to examine HBV sero-markers by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA), and molecular analyses were performed on HBsAg-positive samples. Structured questionnaires and medical records were used to examine the risk factors for HBV infection. MTCT rate was calculated by HBsAg positivity of 6-month-old babies born to HBsAg-positive mothers and ascertained by the homology of HBV genomes in mother–child pair at 6-month-old.

Results
A total of 1,565 pregnant women were screened, and HBsAg prevalence was 4.28% (67/1565). HBeAg positivity was 41.8% and was significantly associated with high viral load (p < 0.0001). Excluding subjects who dropped out due to restrictions during COVID-19, one out of 35 babies born to HBsAg-positive mothers tested positive for HBsAg at 6 months of age, despite receiving timely HepB birth dose and HBIG, followed by 3 doses of HepB vaccine. Hence the MTCT rate was 2.86%. The mother of the infected baby was positive for HBeAg and had a high HBV viral load (1.2 × 109 copies/mL). HBV genome analysis showed 100% homology between the mother and the child.

Conclusions
Our findings illustrate the intermediate endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women in Siem Reap, Cambodia. Despite full HepB vaccination, a residual risk of HBV MTCT was observed. This finding supports the recently updated guidelines for the prevention of HBV MTCT in 2021, which integrated screening and antiviral prophylaxis for pregnant women at risk of HBV MTCT. Furthermore, we strongly recommend the urgent implementation of these guidelines nationwide to effectively combat HBV in Cambodia.
Influence of herd immunity on norovirus: a long-term field study of repeated viral gastroenteritis outbreaks at the same facilities
Authors: Kumazaki Makoto , Usuku Shuzo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Viral acute gastroenteritis (AG) is detected worldwide annually. Outbreaks caused by viruses associated with gastroenteritis have been reported repeatedly at the same facilities in Yokohama, Japan over several years. We investigated the statuses of these repeated outbreaks to consider herd immunity at the facility level.

Methods
Between September 2007 and August 2017, 1459 AG outbreaks were reported at 1099 facilities. Stool samples were collected for virological testing, and the norovirus gene was amplified and sequenced to determine the genotype using the N-terminal region of the capsid.

Results
The outbreaks were caused by norovirus, sapovirus, rotavirus A, and rotavirus C. Norovirus was consistently predominant over the 10-year period. Of 1099 facilities, 227 reported multiple outbreaks, of which norovirus-only combinations accounted for 76.2%. More outbreaks were due to different genotype combinations than the same genotype combinations. For facilities that experienced two norovirus outbreaks, the average interval between outbreaks was longer for groups with the same combinations than for groups with different genogroup or genotype combinations, although no statistically significant differences were observed. At 44 facilities, outbreaks occurred repeatedly during the same AG season, and most exhibited combinations of different norovirus genotypes or viruses. Among 49 combinations with the same norovirus genotype at the same facilities over 10 years, the most prevalent genotypes were combinations of genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4), followed by GII.2, GII.6, GII.3, GII.14, and GI.3. The mean interval between outbreaks was 31.2 ± 26.8 months for all combinations, and the mean intervals were longer for non-GII.4 genotype cases than for GII.4 cases, and statistically significant differences were observed (t-test, P < 0.05). Additionally, these average intervals were longer for kindergarten/nursery schools and primary schools than for nursing homes for older adults (t-test, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Repeated AG outbreaks at the same facilities in Yokohama during the 10-year study period included mainly norovirus combinations. Herd immunity at the facility level was maintained for at least the same AG season. Norovirus genotype-specific herd immunity was maintained for an average of 31.2 months during the study period, and these intervals differed depending on genotype.
Summary of the effect of an exercise intervention on antenatal depression and the optimal program: a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Lanjuan , Liu Cheng , Liu Xiaotang , Yang Yang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to examine the effect of exercise intervention for antenatal depression using meta-analysis and to propose the best exercise intervention program.

Methods
Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze 17 papers with 2224 subjects by setting five moderators, including type, time, frequency, period, and format of exercise intervention, and a random-effects model was used to test for overall effect, heterogeneity, and publication bias.

Results
(1) The effect size of the exercise intervention on antenatal depression was d = -0.56, which reached a good effect and was statistically significant; b (2) The effect size of the exercise type on antenatal depression was Yoga and a combination of aerobic exercise in order of intervention; (3) the single intervention duration of 10–75 min all had a good effect on antenatal depression, and 30–60 min had the best effect; (4) the intervention frequency of 3 to 5 times/week had the greatest amount of intervention effect on maternal depression; (5) exercise lasting 6–10 weeks had a good intervention effect on antepartum depression, and the amount of effect decreased gradually with the extension of time; (6) In terms of exercise format, the amount of intervention effect on maternal depression was in the order of group exercise, individual + group exercise.

Conclusions
Exercise intervention can significantly alleviate antenatal depression symptoms. The best exercise program for exercise intervention for antenatal depression is: Yoga and a combination of aerobic exercise intervention effects are more prominent, and the intervention effect of Yoga is the best. The use of group exercise 3–5 times per week for 30–60 min for 6–10 weeks was more likely to achieve the desired intervention effect of improving antenatal depression.
Intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of Fels skeletal age assessments among male tennis players 8–16 years
Authors: Sousa-e-Silva Paulo , Coelho-e-Silva Manuel J. , Celis-Moreno Jorge M. , Costa Daniela C. , Martinho Diogo V. , Ribeiro Luís P. , Oliveira Tomas , Gonçalves-Santos João , Tavares Oscar M. , Castanheira Joaquim M. , Pereira Telmo , Conde Jorge , Cayolla Ricardo R. , Duarte-Mendes Pedro , Myburgh Gillian K. , Cumming Sean P. , Malina Robert M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Skeletal age (SA) is an estimate of biological maturity status that is commonly used in sport-related medical examinations. This study considered intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of SA assessments among male tennis players.

Methods
SA was assessed with the Fels method in 97 male tennis players with chronological ages (CA) spanning 8.7–16.8 years. Radiographs were evaluated by two independent trained observers. Based on the difference between SA and CA, players were classified as late, average or early maturing; if a player was skeletally mature, he was noted as such as an SA is not assigned.

Results
The magnitude of intra-individual differences between repeated SA assessments were d = 0.008 year (observer A) and d = 0.001 year (observer B); the respective coefficients of variation were 1.11% and 1.75%. Inter-observer mean differences were negligible (t = 1.252, p = 0.210) and the intra-class correlation coefficient was nearly perfect (ICC = 0.995). Concordance of classifications of players by maturity status between observers was 90%.

Conclusion
Fels SA assessments were highly reproducible and showed an acceptable level of inter-observer agreement between trained examiners. Classifications of players by skeletal maturity status based on assessments of the two observers were highly concordant, though not 100%. The results highlight the importance of experienced observers in skeletal maturity assessments.
Non-suicidal self-injury and professional psychological help-seeking among Chinese left-behind children: prevalence and influencing factors
Authors: Yong Na , Luo Jing , Luo Jia-ming , Yao Yi-song , Wu Jing , Yang Han , Li Jing-dan , Yang Shuang , Leng Yuan-yuan , Zheng Hong-chuan , Fan Yang , Hu Ying-dan , Ma Jin , Tan Ya-wen , Pan Ji-yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a risk factor for suicide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of NSSI and professional psychological help-seeking status and influencing factors among left-behind children (LBC) in China.MethodsWe implemented a population-based cross-sectional study in participants aged 10–18 years. Sociodemographic characteristics, NSSI, help-seeking status and coping style were measured by self-reported questionnaires. A total of 16,866 valid questionnaires were collected, including 6096 LBC. Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors influencing NSSI and professional psychological help-seeking.ResultsThe incidence of NSSI among LBC was 4.6%, significantly higher than that of non-left-behind children (NLBC). This incidence was higher among girls. Moreover, 53.9% of LBC with NSSI did not receive any treatment and only 22.0% sought professional psychological help. LBC often adopt emotion-oriented coping styles, specifically, those with NSSI. LBC with NSSI who seek professional help tend to adopt problem-oriented coping styles. Logistic regression analysis revealed that girls, learning stage, single-parent, remarried families, patience, and emotional venting were risk factors for NSSI in LBC, while problem-solving and social support seeking were protective factors. Moreover, problem-solving was also a predictor for seeking professional psychological help, patience will prevent it.LimitationsThis was an online survey.ConclusionsThe prevalence of NSSI in LBC is high. Gender, grade, family structure, and coping style affect the occurrence of NSSI among LBC. Only a few LBC with NSSI seek professional psychological help, while the coping style will affect the help-seeking behavior.