bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Love and Politics 13–9 BC: The Loves of Tiberius and of Drusus and their Wives on the Ara Pacis Augustae
Authors: Stern Gaius 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAmor plays a curious and complicated role in the Augustan regime, and especially in Augustus's secret plans to create a monarchy, for on the one hand the princeps wished to regulate love for all citizens – allegedly for the common weal – but on the other hand he had little success in forcing his relatives to love and marry one another with often disastrous and adulterous consequences that threw overboard several plans for the succession. Augustus compelled Tiberius to divorce Vipsania Minor to marry Julia with the allure of the throne, and Tiberius sold his soul for power. But Tiberius found it impossible to love Julia and after their only child died, he separated from her. In contrast, Drusus must have refused to divorce Antonia but still turned out to be Augustus's preferred step-son, not to mention the hero of the nation.The Senate voted to build the Ara Pacis Augustae on 4 July 13 BC in the consulship of Tiberius and Varus, and the inauguration proclaiming the successes of the Augustan regime in restoring peace and prosperity to the Roman people, occurred on 30 Jan. 9 BC in the consulship of Drusus and Quinctius Crispinus. Although several married couples appear on the Ara Pacis together, it is Drusus and Antonia who show the love between husband and wife, which Augustus later tried very hard to legislate, not that of Julia and Agrippa nor of Tiberius and Vipsania, and certainly not of Augustus and Livia, who appear separately. Val. Max. 4.3.3 says that Drusus loved his wife so much he never had sex with other women! This already famous story prompted the sculptors of the Ara Pacis to place Drusus and Antonia facing one another, not only as a role model and in deference to Augustus's natalism program, but also to add a touch of humanity to the frieze and to honor the daughter of Octavia and her husband, in whose consular year of office the monument opened.
Asistencia en seguridad de Estados Unidos a Bolivia: continuidades y rupturas durante el gobierno del MAS
Authors: Lajtman-Bereicoa Tamara 
Published: April 2023

Este artículo aborda la incidencia de Estados Unidos en el ámbito de la seguridad y la defensa en Bolivia, entre 2000 y 2019, poniendo el foco en la asistencia militar y en seguridad durante los años en que gobernó el Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS): 2006-2019. Se realiza un análisis empírico a partir de metodología propia basada en la resistematización de la base de datos oficial de Estados Unidos sobre asistencia extranjera y su triangulación con otras fuentes primarias oficiales. Se concluye que, pese a los esfuerzos de Bolivia por postular una política más autónoma en el ámbito de la seguridad y la defensa, Estados Unidos logró adaptar sus políticas, por lo que se perciben importantes continuidades en la asistencia. El principal aporte de la investigación al campo del conocimiento abordado es que sienta un precedente sobre la necesidad de aplicar la triangulación de fuentes y discutir la construcción de indicadores.

Abstract
This paper examines the prevalence of the US on security and defense issues in Bolivia between 2000 and 2019, focusing on both security and military assistance during the governments of Movimiento al Socialismo -MAS- (2006-2019). The methodology used in this research is an empirical analysis based on the re-systematization of the official US foreign aid database, and its triangulation with other official primary sources. It is concluded that despite Bolivian efforts to strengthen its political autonomy, the US managed to adjust its policies in a way that established relevant continuity in security and defense. The main contribution of the study to the topic under discussion is to set a precedent for the need to apply source triangulation and to discuss the construction of indicators.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of ultraviolet disinfection (254 nm) of aqueous solutions from phytopathogenic microorganisms
Authors: Rudakov V. O. , Baranov V. L. , Tkachev A. A. 
Published: April 2023

Relevance. Currently, greenhouse complexes use water for irrigation from open surface sources (ponds, lakes, rivers) and underground water from wells, adding a return (drainage) solution to it. At the same time, water from both open sources and drainage solution often becomes a source of emergence and spread of phytopathogenic infection in greenhouses, which brings economically significant crop losses. In this regard, the need to develop guaranteed methods and methods for the disinfection of drainage water and water from open sources is relevant. One of the methods of water disinfection is the use of ultraviolet irradiation, but for the effective use of irradiation, it is necessary to ensure the minimum effective UV dose. This UV dose is typical for each pathogen.Results. Work was carried out to experimentally establish doses of UV irradiation that allow complete inactivation of vegetative cells and spores of bacteria and fungi (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pythium debaryanum, Fusarium oxysporum, Verticillium dahliae, Phoma destructiva) in a solution prepared on the basis of distilled water. A dose of UV irradiation of 40 mJ/cm2 ensured complete inactivation of the bacterial pathogen, and a dose of 60 mJ/cm2 showed complete inactivation of the pathogens of the studied fungal infections.
The effectiveness of the use of the genetic marker F295 to assess the resistance of cucumber samples to the green mottled mosaic virus (CGMMV)
Authors: Teplyakova D. D. 
Published: April 2023

Relevance. Cucumber green mottled mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a highly specialized virus (group Tobamovirus). It is a significant threat to cucurbits. On a high infectious background, cucumber yield losses, both in open and protected ground, can be close to 100%. The spread of the virus occurs in many ways. The most dangerous is the infected seed material. One of the effective methods of preventing CGMMV is the creation of genetically resistant hybrids to viral diseases. An experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the use of the marker F295 for the selection of resistant samples.Results. When comparing the results of determining resistance against an artificial background and the results of PCR analysis for the same samples, we calculated the efficiency of the genetic marker F295, which was 65%. Since the level of effectiveness is average, for a more objective assessment, it is necessary to create another – the main marker, which will determine the direct presence of resistance to CGMMV. The use of the F295 marker is relevant in combination with other methods for deter[1]mining resistance, which will speed up and increase the efficiency of the breeding process.
Regulating and testing normative structures for Artificial Intelligence: the possibilities of the Regulatory Living Lab
Authors: Engelmann Wilson , Bitencourt da Silva Silvio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract: This qualitative and exploratory study sought to understand how the Living Lab approach can serve as an innovative alternative to test a regulatory structure organized by principles for Artificial Intelligence (AI). The main research problem is: what would be the structuring elements of a non-legislative regulatory model that could standardize the advances in Artificial Intelligence? The units of analysis were the developments and commercialized innovative AI applications of startups from an incubator that integrates an internationally renowned technological park in Brazil. Entrepreneur perceptions of the dimensions of the Living Lab approach are described, analyzed, and compared (i.e. the interaction between multiple stakeholders, co-creation of value, user-centered research, solving real-world problems, and adopting multiple methodologies). The findings suggest that the Living Lab approach is an alternative for creating and developing innovations and applications in AI, with the active involvement of end-users while facing existing regulations and testing environments for new regulations - principles published by the European Union and OECD. An important observation that emerged from the study: the advances in Artificial Intelligence have occurred on an increasing scale, very close to exponentiality. For this reason, the need and importance of spreading the regulatory importance of these “what should be” principles, is very similar to those of the rules produced by state legislative action. In this exploratory study, it became evident that entrepreneurs feel there is a lack of clear regulatory mechanisms. The role of the Law in the creative proposition of regulatory models should be based on globally accepted principles, such as those published by the European Union and the OECD.
Corporate Cyber Security In Turkey Investigation of Legal and Corporate Infrastructure : A Meta-Synthesis Study
Authors: Yıldız Ezgi Pelin , Simsekler Oguzhan 
Published: April 2023

Network technologies, which were created to serve military activities in the early days, have gained a civilized concept structure after the cold war period. In this context, the opening of internet technologies to civilian use has also made the use of information networks widespread. The spread of information networks has accelerated the information transformation in the social, commercial, military and cultural fields on a global scale. As an effect of this transformation, individuals and institutions perform almost all of their data storage, data transfer, instant communication and service provision in cyberspace. Although this situation creates advantages in terms of time, cost and energy, it has also brought important risks and security gaps due to the emergence of many attack methods, especially data theft, for cyber security. In parallel with this result, cyber attack methods have increased rapidly over time due to the rapid movement brought about by technological developments and have become a much larger, complicated and difficult to notice structure. Cyber security mechanisms developed to defend against attacks that seriously threaten personal data, such as cyber attacks, are also dynamic, just like cyber attacks. Today, it has become a necessity for every institution to develop and implement effective cyber security methods in order to be protected from cyber attacks and threats by structuring their own information systems in digital environments and to ensure the information and data security they have. Such unstoppable developments in technology result in the emergence of new types of threats to cyber security, just as it has been up to now. In this context, the sustainability and operability of cyber security mechanisms are essential. In the light of all this information, in this study, especially in the corporate field, the methods of activity that threaten cyber security, as well as legal and institutional infrastructures are discussed and the level of current cyber security awareness is tried to be determined. As the application dimension of the research, the format and standards determined by the Presidency Digital Transformation Office in military institutions and EYP-2.0 (Electronic Transformation) in the system in the background Correspondence Package) package examined and a demo of the relevant package program has been created. In addition to these issues, the methods that can be developed within the framework of cyber attacks and defense against these attacks are evaluated. It is foreseen that the study will contribute to the literature in this context and will be a useful resource for institutions and organizations in terms of gaining the functionality and sustainability of cyber security mechanisms.
Islamic Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Millennial Workers: The Role of Islamic Leadership, Workplace Spirituality, and Islamic Work Ethic In Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rokhman Wahibur 
Published: April 2023

<p>The objective of this study examined the influence of islamic leadership and workplace spirituality on organizational citizenship behavior among the millennial generation muslim employees in Central Java, Indonesia. Furthermore, the research also examined the role of islamic work ethic on organizational citizenship behavior. The questionnaires were distributed to Muslim millennial employees in Central Java in order to conduct a survey. For this study, a sample of 500 respondents was purposefully chosen, and 435 of those responses were returned and used. The variables and items were assessed using a five-point Likert scale. The data were further analyzed with multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that there is a significant positive effect of spiritual leadership and Islamic work ethic on organizational citizenship behavior. However, the study also found workplace spirituality does not influence organizational citizenship behavior. This study provides an understanding of the work behavior of the muslim millennial generation. This study will provide good insight for the organization to understand the role of Islamic leadership, workplace spirituality, and Islamic work ethic on organizational citizenship behavior among the millennial generation muslim employees in Central Java, Indonesia.</p>
EFL students' epistemic beliefs and their relations to critical thinking and reading achievement
Authors: Amatullah Aidha Azizah , Emaliana Ive , Junining Esti 
Published: April 2023

One of the key points of reading comprehension is epistemic beliefs. Epistemic beliefs can be explained as students’ determination of way of learning. Epistemic beliefs’ relation with critical thinking and reading achievement has not yet been clarified. The study has the aim to explore the relationship between the epistemic beliefs’ of students to their critical thinking and reading achievement. The method of the study is correlational. The participant of the research is 102 students from the 2019 batch of the English Language Education Program of reading comprehension class, A-E class in Universitas Brawijaya. The participants helped to fill the questionnaire. The researcher used SPSS to analyst the questionnaire that has been filled by the participants to know the result of the research. The result of SPSS’s analysis showed that between epistemic beliefs and critical thinking, there is a very strong correlation and between epistemic beliefs and reading achievement, there is a strong correlation. Based on the result of the correlation from SPSS’S analysis, it can be known that there is a close relation between epistemic beliefs, critical thinking, and reading achievement. If the students have high epistemic beliefs, they will have high critical thinking and reading achievement
HIGHLISGHTS:

Epistemic beliefs are very related to the critical thinking and readingachievement of students.
The higher the level of epistemic beliefs, the better the critical thinking ofstudents.
The higher the level of epistemic beliefs, the better the reading achievement ofstudents.
The power of constructive criticism and its effect on students' learning motivation
Authors: Wulandari Anggi Putri Suri , Anugerahwati Mirjam 
Published: April 2023

The present study sought to understand EFL students’ perception on the use of oral constructive criticism given by faculty members in the classroom and whether it has any effect on the students’ motivation in learning English. The participants of the study were 86 EFL students from 5 outstanding universities in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The data were collected through a questionnaire and an interview. The results of the study revealed that the 86 EFL students had positive perceptions on the use of oral constructive criticism. The students were helped in some ways in learning English by means of receiving oral constructive criticism from their faculty members. The students considered oral constructive criticism a confirmation whether they did the right things in the learning process. More prominently, the result showed that the use of oral constructive criticism played a big role in boosting the students’ motivation in learning English. The students did not feel constructive criticism as a thread that inhibited them from being their best version of themselves in learning English. Instead, the students were strongly motivated to study hard and get good scores because of oral constructive criticism that they received during the teaching and learning process.
HIGHLIGHTS

Constructive criticism is considered a necessary tool to help students recognize their mistake, learn from it, and stop repeating the same mistake in the near future.
Faculty members should continuously provide constructive criticism for students to boost their motivation in learning English.
Diode-Pumped Laser for Rangefinders Operating over Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Orekhova V. E. , Kisel V. E. , Orekhov K. A. 
Published: April 2023

A prototype of a pulsed diode-pumped laser based on Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) crystal emitting at 1064 nm is presented for use in airborne rangefinders and atmospheric LIDARs without use of expensive production technologies and components.Actively Q-Switched laser pulse energy was estimated. Spatial characteristics of laser beam and dependence of pulse energy on the pump pulse energy were obtained at room temperature. Results of diodepumped laser pulse energy measurements are provided within 2 min for pulse repetition rates of 1, 4, 12.5, 22 Hz at ambient temperature range from -40 to +60 °C. Laser diode arrays temperature stabilization was achieved by the use of Peltier module with cooling capacity of 30 W.Pulse energy values not less than 80 mJ were achieved in the studied ranges of ambient temperature and pulse repetition rate. Laser beam divergence at room temperature does not exceed 1.9 mrad.
Methods for Creating Designs of Cardan Gears of Increased Resource for Land Vehicles and Agricultural Machinery
Authors: Kostukovic G. A. , Poprykailo A. V. , Auchynnikau Y. V. , Khvisevich V. M. , Chekan A. M. , Verameichyk A. I. 
Published: April 2023

Spatial cardan mechanisms designed to transmit rotational motion between shafts, having angular displacement, differ in a variety of design solutions. Cardan gears are an articulation of one or more universal joints and tubular shafts. They compensate for axial movements, and also transmit torque at constant or variable angles between the connected units. During operation, the cardan transmission must function satisfactorily during the established service life, i. e., meet all the requirements arising from the peculiarities of its use. Therefore, the problem of improving cardan gears, increasing their reliability and ergonomicity on the basis of new design solutions optimized for dynamic parameters, materials used, manufacturing, assembly and operation technologies is relevant for modern technology. The paper presents a systematic approach to the creation of a new generation of cardan gears based on research in the field of operating conditions, materials science, materials technology, optimal design. It is shown that according to the results of the research, a new series of gimbal gears with improved technical characteristics has been created.
Prevention of Incisional Hernia after Kidney Transplantation: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gómez-Dos-Santos Victoria , Plaza José Antonio López , Villar José Manuel Molina , Hernando Luis Blázquez , Nicolás Victor Diez , Cidre Miguel Jiménez , Guerrero Belén Porrero , Rodriguez-Patrón Rafael , Fúnez Fernando Arias , García Alfonso Muriel , Cebrián Jose Maria Fernández , Revilla Francisco Javier Burgos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Incisional hernia is a common complication after kidney transplantation with an incidence of 1.6-18%. Concerning non-transplant patients, a recently published meta-analysis describes a reduction of the incidence of incisional hernia of up to 85% due to prophylactic mesh replacement in elective, midline laparotomy. The aim of our study is to show a reduction of the incidence of incisional hernia after kidney transplantation with minimal risk for complication.
Methods/design: This is a blinded, randomized controlled trial comparing time to incisional hernia over a period of 24 months between patients undergoing kidney transplantation and standardized abdominal closure with or without prophylactic placement of ProGrip™ (Medtronic. Fridley, Minnesota. USA) mesh in an onlay position. As we believe that the mesh intervention is superior to the standard procedure in reducing the incidence of hernia, this is a superiority trial.
Discussion: The high risk for developing incisional hernia following kidney transplantation might be reduced by prophylactic mesh placement. ProGrip™ mesh features polylactic acid (PLA) microgrips that provides immediate, strong and uniform fixation. The use of this mesh combines the effectiveness demonstrated by the macropore propylene meshes in the treatment of incisional hernias, a high simplicity of use provided by its capacity for self-fixation that doesn´t increase significantly surgery time, and safety.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov. ID: NCT04794582. Registered on 08 March 2021. Protocol version 2.0. (02-18-2021)
The Relationship Between Hospital Volume and Mortality for Acute Pancreatitis in the United States
Authors: Friedmann Patricia , Parides Michael , In Haejin , Melvin W. Scott , II Peter Muscarella , McAuliffe John C. , Ramos-Santillan Vicente 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives Previous reports demonstrate conflicting findings regarding the relationship between mortality and hospital volume for acute pancreatitis (AP). Here we seek to reevaluate the impact of hospital admission volume on AP-specific mortality based on disease severity.Methods Patient demographics, clinical data, and hospital factors were collected from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for patients with AP between 2008–2011. Hospitals were divided into five volume groups based on the number of admissions for AP and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) per year. The relationship between hospital volume and outcomes was evaluated with the primary endpoint being in-hospital mortality. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mortality.Results Data from 182,331 admissions for AP were included in the analysis. The median number of annual hospital admissions per year was 35. SAP was present in 18,708 patients. There were no differences in-patient mortality by hospital volume groups for AP (0.69–0.94%, p = 0.19) or SAP (5.43–7.21%, p = 0.06). Factors found to be associated with increased risk of inpatient mortality included age ≥ 75 (OR: 5.18, CI 4.33–6.20), male gender (OR: 1.30, CI 1.17–1.44) comorbidities (OR: 3.77, CI: 2.61–5.44), and SAP (OR: 17.7, CI: 15.7–19.9).Conclusions Hospital volume of AP and SAP does not appear to be associated with inpatient mortality. Increasing age, male gender, comorbidities, and SAP are associated with increased risk of mortality. The complex relationship between hospital volume, disease severity and disparities in health care delivery and outcomes requires further scrutiny.