bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing the shock history in the CMZ of NGC 253 with ALCHEMI
Authors: Huang K.-Y. , Viti S. , Holdship J. , Mangum J. G. , Martín S. , Harada N. , Muller S. , Sakamoto K. , Tanaka K. , Yoshimura Y. , Herrero-Illana R. , Meier D. S. , Behrens E. , van der Werf P. P. , Henkel C. , García-Burillo S. , Rivilla V. M. , Emig K. L. , Colzi L. , Humire P. K. , Aladro R. , Bouvier M. 
Published: May 2023

Context.HNCO and SiO are well-known shock tracers and have been observed in nearby galaxies, including the nearby (D = 3.5 Mpc) starburst galaxy NGC 253. The simultaneous detection of these two species in regions where the star-formation rate is high may be used to study the shock history of the gas.Aims.We perform a multi-line molecular study of NGC 253 using the shock tracers SiO and HNCO and aim to characterize its gas properties. We also explore the possibility of reconstructing the shock history in the central molecular zone (CMZ) of the galaxy.Methods.Six SiO transitions and eleven HNCO transitions were imaged at high resolution 1.″6 (28 pc) with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) as part of the ALCHEMI Large Programme. Both non local thermaldynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative transfer analysis and chemical modeling were performed in order to characterize the gas properties and investigate the chemical origin of the emission.Results.The nonLTE radiative transfer analysis coupled with Bayesian inference shows clear evidence that the gas traced by SiO has different densities and temperatures than that traced by HNCO, with an indication that shocks are needed to produce both species. Chemical modeling further confirms such a scenario and suggests that fast and slow shocks are responsible for SiO and HNCO production, respectively, in most GMCs. We are also able to infer the physical characteristics of the shocks traced by SiO and HNCO for each GMC.Conclusions.Radiative transfer and chemical analysis of the SiO and HNCO in the CMZ of NGC 253 reveal a complex picture whereby most of the GMCs are subjected to shocks. We speculate on the possible shock scenarios responsible for the observed emission and provide potential history and timescales for each shock scenario. Observations of higher spatial resolution for these two species are required in order to quantitatively differentiate between the possible scenarios.
Ein kurzer Fallbericht zu einem kleinen Mittel:
Ohrläppchenentzündung nach Ohrlochstechen
Authors: Meisl Burgi 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungBei dem Artikel handelt es sich um einen kurzen Fallbericht zu einem selten
verschriebenen Mittel. Die ungewöhnliche Lokalisation sowie ein
auffälliges Gemütssymptom haben zur Verschreibung
geführt.
Okoubaka aubrevillei – eine Heilpflanze aus der
traditionellen westafrikanischen Medizin und ihr Weg in die
Homöopathie
Authors: Buchheim-Schmidt Susann 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Entwicklung des Arzneimittels Okoubaka
aubrevillei, das aus der westafrikanischen Ethnomedizin stammt und sich in der
Homöopathie insbesondere bei Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen bewährt
hat, aufgezeigt. Hierbei werden die Informationen zu Okoubaka in Bezug auf die 3
Säulen eines homöopathischen Arzneimittelbildes dargestellt.
Diskutiert wird auch, inwieweit eine phytotherapeutische Wirkung über
den Gerbstoffanteil der Rinde in homöopathischen Zubereitungen von
Tiefpotenzen noch möglich ist.Eine bewährte Indikation ist die Prophylaxe von Reisedurchfällen.
Diese wird mit Okoubaka in tiefen D-Potenzen (z. B. in D3) schon einige Tage vor
Beginn der Reise empfohlen. In dem Zusammenhang werden im zweiten Teil des
Beitrags die Ergebnisse einer In-vitro-Untersuchung mit homöopathischen
Zubereitungen aus Okoubaka in einem Gastrointestinalsimulator vom SHIME-Typ
vorgestellt, die eine prophylaktische Einnahme vor einer Reise und
anschließende Konfrontation mit 2 typischen Erregern von
Reisediarrhöen simuliert.
Der Stellenwert des Feedbacks beim Proctoring in der robotergestützten Chirurgie – ein Grundstein des Erfolgskonzeptes?
Authors: Alkatout Ibrahim , Maass Nicolai , Günther Veronika 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungRoboterassistierte Operationsmethoden stellen eine Weiterentwicklung und Ergänzung der konventionellen Laparoskopie dar. Somit ist eine entsprechende Ausbildung der Chirurgen in diesem
Fachgebiet unabdingbar. Gerade für die Anfangsphase eignen sich Simulationsprogramme – ähnlich wie in der Aviatik – hervorragend, um an das technisch herausfordernde Operationsverfahren
heranzuführen. Im weiteren Verlauf, aber noch zu Beginn der Lernkurve, hat sich das Proctoring bewährt, um den zu trainierenden Chirurgen vor Ort zu begleiten, individuell zu schulen und an
komplexere Fälle heranzuführen. Ein wesentlicher Baustein erfolgreicher Trainingskonzepte stellt das Feedback dar: Mit etwas zeitlichem Abstand und schriftlich fixiert erhält der zu
schulende Chirurg eine Zusammenfassung bzw. einen Leitfaden, der sowohl die bestehende Situation als auch Verbesserungsvorschläge und das Zukunftspotenzial darlegt. Die Umsetzung eines
solchen Feedbacks ermöglicht es dem Chirurgen, zusätzlich zur Anzahl an absolvierten Fällen, seine Selbsteinschätzung zu relativieren und Entwicklungsziele anzupassen. Somit stellt das
Feedback die entscheidende Schnittstelle zwischen dem Beginn einer Lernkurve und fortgeschrittenen operativen Fähigkeiten inklusive der Möglichkeit einer realistischen Selbsteinschätzung
dar.
Acylation of Electron-Poor Alkenyl Sulfoxides: Diverse Transformations for the Synthesis of Polysubstituted Phenols and Functionalized Carbocycles
Authors: Xie Yuanyuan , Zhou Hongwei , Li Xiaoyu , Zhang Qianyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA protocol with available starting materials and mild conditions was developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted phenols and functionalized carbocycles via acylation of electron-poor alkenyl sulfoxides. The plausible mechanism was investigated.
Initial experience of transpapillary gallbladder biopsy using newly designed device delivery system
Authors: Yane Kei , Tomita Yusuke , Yoshida Masahiro , Sasaki Kou , Imagawa Takayuki , Morita Kotaro , Ihara Hideyuki , Minagawa Takeyoshi , Okagawa Yutaka , Hirayama Michiaki , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Kondo Hitoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTranspapillary gallbladder biopsy has been reported for the diagnosis of gallbladder disease, and this procedure requires special biopsy forceps or a large-diameter pusher catheter. We retrospectively examined consecutive patients who underwent transpapillary gallbladder biopsy using a newly designed device delivery system (Endosheather; Piolax Medical Device, Kanagawa, Japan). We evaluated 11 patients (median age, 71 years [28–85]) who underwent transpapillary gallbladder biopsy from June 2021 to July 2022. The selective gallbladder cannulation and delivery system insertion success rate was 90.9% (10/11). The target lesion biopsy success rate was 63.6% (7/11). The biopsy time (i.e., time to completion of biopsy after successful guidewire placement) was 8.7 (5.4–32.7) min. In 1 patient in whom all 6 gallbladder bile juice cytology results were benign, the biopsy result was suspicious of adenocarcinoma. The final diagnosis for this patient was gallbladder cancer. Adverse events occurred in 2 patients. In 1 patient, acute cholecystitis occurred and required emergency surgery. Transpapillary gallbladder biopsy using the Endosheather is a potential option for the diagnosis of gallbladder disease. A good indication for this technique is considered to be wall thickening at the gallbladder fundus, where it is difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions by imaging modalities such as ultrasonography or endoscopic ultrasound. The addition of transpapillary gallbladder biopsy may be advantageous when performing bile juice cytology using a nasogallbladder drainage tube for the diagnosis of gallbladder disease.
Brillouin and Kerr nonlinearities of a low-index silicon oxynitride platform
Authors: Ye Kaixuan , Klaver Yvan , Jimenez Gordillo Oscar A. , Botter Roel , Daulay Okky , Morichetti Francesco , Melloni Andrea , Marpaung David 
Published: May 2023

Nonlinear optical effects including stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and four-wave mixing (FWM) play an important role in microwave photonics, optical frequency combs, and quantum photonics. Harnessing SBS and FWM in a low-loss and versatile integrated platform would open the path to build large-scale Brillouin/Kerr-based photonic integrated circuits. In this letter, we investigate the Brillouin and Kerr properties of a low-index (n = 1.513 @ 1550 nm) silicon oxynitride (SiON) platform. We observed, for the first time, backward Brillouin scattering in SiON waveguides with a Brillouin gain coefficient of 0.3 m−1 W−1, which can potentially be increased to 0.95 m−1 W−1 by just tailoring the waveguide cross section. We also performed FWM experiments in SiON rings and obtained the nonlinear parameter γ of 0.02 m−1 W−1. Our results point to a low-loss and low-index photonic integrated platform that is both Brillouin and Kerr active.
Factors associated with emergency department service outcomes for people with a mental health problem brought in by police: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wardrop Rachel , Ranse Jamie , Chaboyer Wendy , Young Jesse T. , Kinner Stuart A. , Crilly Julia 
Published: May 2023

Objective This study aimed to identify factors associated with an emergency department (ED) length of stay ≥4 hours (h) and hospital admission for people with a mental health problem brought in by police. Methods We undertook a retrospective, observational cohort study of state-wide adult ED mental health presentations brought in by police from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with an ED length of stay ≥4 h and hospital admission. Results In total, 9325 ED presentations with a mental health problem brought in by police to Queensland EDs were included. Factors most strongly associated with an ED length of stay ≥4 h included an Australasian Triage Score (ATS) of 1, an age of 85 years or older, night shift arrival and subsequent hospital admission. For hospital admission, an ATS of 1, an age of 85 years or older and an ED length of stay ≥4 h were the strongest factors. Conclusion Findings indicate opportunities for targeted mental health models of care to better support people brought in by police to an ED. Such models should involve ED, pre-hospital providers (police and ambulance) and mental health services to support early intervention and potentially reduce the likelihood of a long ED length of stay and subsequent hospital admission.
Screening, diagnosing and management of Pacific peoples with prediabetes in New Zealand primary healthcare clinics with high concentrations of Pacific peoples: an online survey
Authors: Faletau Julienne , Dobson Rosie , Nosa Vili , McCool Judith 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Prediabetes is a condition of elevated blood sugar levels which can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) if not managed effectively. Prediabetes is likely to affect about 24.6% of New Zealand (NZ) adults, with estimates of 29% of the Pacific population currently living with the condition. A prediabetes diagnosis is an opportunity for intervention from trusted primary care providers. The study aim was to describe primary healthcare clinician’s knowledge and practice regarding screening, diagnosing and management of prediabetes in Pacific patients. Methods An online survey was conducted with current practicing primary healthcare clinicians between February and April 2021. Eligible participants included clinicians employed in a primary healthcare clinic with over 50% of enrolled patients identified as Pacific. Results Primary healthcare clinicians (n = 30) reported that their prediabetes screening, diagnosis and management were aligned with the NZ Ministry of Health clinical guidelines. The most common factors that prompted screening was a family history of T2D (25/30, 83%), ethnicity (24/30, 80%) weight and BMI (24/30, 80%). The initial management practices involved providing recommendations for dietary changes and physical activity (28/30, 93%) and referring patients to a diabetes prevention lifestyle change programme (16/30, 53%). Discussion Primary healthcare clinicians are the foremost point of engagement with patients and their fāmili (family) in their health journey. Culturally appropriate tools could be useful to assist healthcare providers to communicate to a higher risk population and most clinicians rely on up to date guidelines for screening and management.
Satellite-based environmental variables complement traditional variables in spatio-temporal models of purple martin migration
Authors: Courter Jason R. , Liu Zhen , Neupane Naresh , Arab Ali , Siegrist Joe 
Published: May 2023

Context As advanced satellite-based environmental data become widely accessible, emerging opportunities exist to understand avian lifecycle events at continental scales. Although this growing toolbox offers much promise, an abundance of options may appear overwhelming to ecologists and point to the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to develop and interpret complex, spatio-temporal models. Aims Here, we demonstrate that satellite-based environmental variables complement conventional variables in spatio-temporal phenology models. The objective of this case study was to assess the degree to which including more sophisticated, satellite-based greenness data in association with a customised growing degree-day metric, can improve traditional phenological models based solely on monthly temperature and precipitation. Methods Using 2001–2018 purple martin (Progne subis) first arrival dates (n = 49 481) from the Purple Martin Conservation Association, we develop a predictive model for their first arrival dates on the basis of traditional temperature and precipitation values from ground-based meteorological stations, the MODIS satellite-based greenness index, and a more sophisticated growing degree-day metric. We used a Bayesian framework to construct 10 spatio-temporal candidate models on the basis of different combinations of predictor variables and our best model included a combination of both traditional and customised MODIS-based variables. Key results Our results indicated that purple martins arrive earlier when greening occurs earlier than the mean, which is also associated with warmer spring temperatures. In addition, wetter February months also predicted earlier martin arrivals. There was no directional change in purple martin first arrival dates from 2001 to 2018 in our study region. Conclusions Our results suggest that satellite-based environmental variables complement traditional variables such as mean monthly temperature and precipitation in models of purple martin migratory phenology. Implications Including emerging and conventional variables in spatio-temporal models allows complex migratory changes to be detected and interpreted at broad spatial scales, which is critical as Citizen Science efforts expand. Our results also pointed to the importance of assembling interdisciplinary research teams to assess the utility of novel data products.
Robot sensing based on electrical capacitance tomography sensor with rotation
Authors: Liu Xiaofei , Yang Wuqiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The existing sensing technology for industrial robot hands cannot sense inside of an object. To recognise the material and internal distribution of an object when it is grasped, electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) may be used if the object is non-conductive, as ECT can measure the permittivity distribution inside an object from external capacitance measurements. An ECT sensor normally has 8 or 12 electrodes equally distributed around an object. This paper introduces the first attempt to make use of ECT with robot hands. Because the number of electrodes is limited, it is necessary to rotate the object to be imaged mechanically, so that sufficient measurements can be taken. Four aspects of the ECT sensor are discussed based on simulation: (1) the structure of electrodes; (2) the number of rotation times; (3) the starting position of rotation; and (4) the diameter of rotation. Two image reconstruction algorithms are used: the linear-back projection and Landweber iteration with three typical distributions. The results show that the rotational three-electrode ECT structure has good ability to produce useful images, showing the internal distribution of unknown objects.
Effect of the electronic confinement potential on the electron–LO-phonon interaction energy in a quantum well
Authors: Hien Nguyen Dinh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigated the effect of the electronic confinement potential on the electron–LO-phonon (el–LO-ph) interaction energy in a quantum well by using the variational method. In this work, the el–LO-ph interaction energy in the infinite (I) and finite (F) square potential quantum wells (SPQW) is calculated as a function of the well-width for all four different confined-optical-phonon (COP) models. The result shows that the el-LO-ph interaction energy in a quantum well is affected strongly by the electronic confinement potential for all four COP models. Except for the Ridley-Babiker model, the el-LO-ph interaction energy in the ISPQW is always larger than that in the FSPQW for both the lowest phonon modes of different COP models in the narrow well case. The Fuchs-Kliewer and the Knipp-Reineck models have a good agreement in the description of the el-LO-ph interaction for the ISPQW, while that is the Fuchs-Kliewer and the Huang-Zhu models for the FSPQW. Among the above four models, the Fuchs-Kliewer model is the most effective.
A governing equation of Rossby waves and its dynamics evolution by Bilinear neural network method
Authors: Cao Na , Yin XiaoJun , Bai ShuTing , Xu LiYang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper studies an extended evolution equation of large-scale waves by means of bilinear neural network method, which is obtained from local Cartesian coordinate system of the basic equation set by using scaling analysis method and perturbation expansions method. First, we convert the equation into a Hirota equation by using variable transformation. Then, we give the structure framework and the model of the bilinear neural network. We build the test function in two dimensions: depth and breadth. With choosing appropriate activation functions and neuron coefficients, we get many rational function exact solutions, including rogue waves and interaction phenomenon consisting of rogue wave and soliton wave. At last, the figures of these exact solutions are exhibited by selecting suitable value of parameters. We think that these results are very important in ocean dynamics.
A non-invasive optical method for anaemia detection
Authors: Chamola Paritosh , Mittal Poornima 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The latest non-invasive biomedical electronic sensors are capable of providing continuous reliable information, for instance oxygenation level of blood, level of glucose etc. These biomedical sensors are in general based on the electro-chemical or spectral properties of the substances. The absorption of blood in infrared and visible range is prominently determined by haemoglobin. The coefficient of absorption for blood is different at different wavelengths. This optical absorption characteristic of the blood yields the vital information on the composition of the blood. Haemoglobin is primarily used to measure the status of anaemia, in developing countries like India and other African countries numerous people with greater health needs don’t have access to proper diagnostic facilities. Therefore, an introduction of portable, low cost and non-invasive Haemoglobin detector will give a vast opportunity for screening the population suffering with anaemia. The present article purposes a non-invasive method of haemoglobin detection comprising of an organic photovoltaic cell and three LED’s sources i.e., blue, green and red which are used with their respective radiation spectral range of 450–495 nm, 495–570 nm and 620–750 nm to illuminate an area of the skin on finger, this transmitted light after interacting with tissues is detected by an arrangement of Coumarin 30 : C60/NN′-QA/ZnPc active layer based organic solar cell. Thus, the approach provide in this article presents a simple, biocompatible and flexible means for assessing blood haemoglobin level by utilizing an multi spectral optical processing method. The method developed herein could further be integrated to wearable electronic devices.
Eco-friendly Co-Mg-La nanoferrites for an efficient MB removal for wastewater treatment applications
Authors: AlHammad M S , Mansour S F , Al-Wafi Reem 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Improving effective and thrifty photocatalysts was deemed an outstanding approach for pollution handling. Here, a novel magnetic Co0.5Mg0.5LaxFe2-xO4 nanoparticle photocatalysts were synthesized via a combustion approach for the harmful methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. These samples were labeled as Co0.5Mg0.5Fe2O4 (CMLF0), Co0.5Mg0.5La0.03Fe1.97O4 (CMLF1), Co0.5Mg0.5La0.06Fe1.94O4 (CMLF2), Co0.5Mg0.5La0.09Fe1.91O4 (CMLF3), Co0.5Mg0.5La0.12Fe1.88O4 (CMLF4), and Co0.5Mg0.5La0.15Fe1.85O4 (CMLF5). A sequence of characterizations, including XRD, STEM, and UV–Vis-DRS, was exploited to examine the structure, morphology, constituent elements, and optical features of the CMLF ferrite nanoparticles. Despite the substitution process, an amazing decrement result for the lattice parameter (8.3748 to 8.3610 Å) and crystallite size (21.87 to 13.95 nm) is a large La cation at the expense of a smaller Fe one. The band-gap behavior of the CMLF nanoferrites is unique; it increases from 1.528 eV at the CMLF0 to 1.547 eV at the CMLF3 and decreases to 1.526 eV at the CMLF4 and 1.520 eV at the CMLF5. Two justifications accounted for this behavior. The nanoferrite CMLF5 has the highest photodegradation efficiency, 96.09%, after 60 min. Three hypotheses were introduced to explain this result. After five cycles, the degradation efficiency of the nanoferrite CMLF5 maintained its high performance with 95.09%, 94.87%, 94.76%, 93.59%, and 93.44%, respectively. These outcomes validate the outstanding photocatalytic efficiency, recyclability, and stability of the CMLF5 photocatalyst in its task to degrade the harmful MB dye, making it acceptable for wastewater treatment applications.
The Chromatic Point-spread Function of Weak Lensing Measurement in the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope
Authors: Liu Quanyu , Er Xinzhong , Wei Chengliang , Liu Dezi , Li Guoliang , Fan Zuhui , Li Xiaobo , Ban Zhang , Yue Dan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Weak gravitational lensing is a powerful tool in modern cosmology. To accurately measure the weak lensing signal, one has to control the systematic bias on a small level. One of the most difficult problems is how to correct the smearing effect of the Point-Spread Function (PSF) on the shape of the galaxies. The chromaticity of PSF for a broad-band observation can lead to new subtle effects. Since the PSF is wavelength-dependent and the spectrum energy distributions between stars and galaxies are different, the effective PSF measured from the star images will be different from those that smear the galaxies. Such a bias is called color bias. We estimate it in the optical bands of the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope from simulated PSFs, and show the dependence on the color and redshift of the galaxies. Moreover, due to the spatial variation of spectra over the galaxy image, another higher-order bias exists: color gradient bias. Our results show that both color bias and color gradient bias are generally below 0.1% in CSST. Only for small-size galaxies, one needs to be careful about the color gradient bias in the weak lensing analysis using CSST data.