bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Optimum Conditions for Nitrate Anion (NO3
−) Desorption on Mesoporous Silica Modified with Dimethylamine (DMA)
Authors: Retno Dipnorita , Oktavia Budhi , Dewata Indang , Khair Miftahul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mesoporous silica is an inorganic material that has high potential to be applied in various industrial fields, one of its applications is the adsorption method. To maximize the adsorption of mesoporous silica, modification of the silica surface was carried out by adding amine compounds. The amine compound used as a modifier is dimethylamine (DMA), using glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a linking compound. The column method uses mesoporous silica, modified with dimethylamine, in the nitrate anions adsorption process. The adsorption capacity of the nitrate anion is 0.0917 mg/g. After adsorbed, the desorption process was carried out to release the adsorbed nitrate anions. The desorption process found that HCl was the best desorption agent used on nitrate anions. The optimum concentration of HCl was 0.15 M, with the number of nitrate anions desorbed as much as 0.0459 mg with a 100% desorption percentage.
Nutritional and therapeutic aspects of fermented buffalo milk produced by Lactiplantibacillus pentosus HBUAS53657
Authors: Susmiati S , Khairina I , Melia S , Alzahra H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Lactiplantibacillus pentosus strain HBUAS53657 was used as a starter in the production of fermented buffalo milk, with citrus added as a prebiotic to improve taste and antioxidant levels. Fermented milk products containing 6% starter L. pentosus HBUAS53657 and 20% orange juice produced the best results in physicochemical, microbiological, and organoleptic tests. This fermented milk product will also be used for intervention testing research to overcome children’s nutritional problems. This is a descriptive study. This study aimed to analyse the composition of macro (protein, fat, carbohydrate, fibre and total energy) and micronutrients (Ca, Na, K, Zn and phosphorus) content of fermented milk Lactiplantacillus pentosus strain HBUAS53657 with 20% orange juice. The data on the characteristics of macro and micronutrients were analysed quantitatively with descriptive analysis, presenting the data from the study using tables and graphs. The result shows the fermented milk served contains macro and micronutrients. Plain fermented milk has a high protein and calorie content compared to fermented milk with the addition of orange juice, while the mineral content is almost the same. Plain fermented milk is more recommended to overcome nutritional deficiencies.The findings of this study can be used to promote increased consumption or fermentation of milk
Systematic investigation of the homology sequences around the human fusion gene breakpoints in pan-cancer – bioinformatics study for a potential link to MMEJ
Authors: Kim Pora , Kumar Himansu , Yang Chengyuan , Luo Ruihan , Liu Jiajia , Zhou Xiaobo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ), an error-prone DNA damage repair mechanism, frequently leads to chromosomal rearrangements due to its ability to engage in promiscuous end joining of genomic instability and also leads to increasing mutational load at the sequences flanking the breakpoints (BPs). In this study, we systematically investigated the homology sequences around the genomic breakpoint area of human fusion genes, which were formed by the chromosomal rearrangements initiated by DNA double-strand breakage. Since the RNA-seq data is the typical data set to check the fusion genes, for the known exon junction fusion breakpoints identified from RNA-seq data, we have to infer the high chance of genomic breakpoint regions. For this, we utilized the high feature importance score area calculated from our recently developed fusion BP prediction model, FusionAI and identified 151 K microhomologies among ~24 K fusion BPs in 20 K fusion genes. From our multiple bioinformatics studies, we found a relationship between sequence homologies and the immune system. This in-silico study will provide novel knowledge on the sequence homologies around the coded structural variants.
Long-term efficacy and safety of lerodalcibep in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the LIBerate-HeFH trial
Authors: Raal Frederick , Fourie Nyda , Scott Russell , Blom Dirk , De Vries Basson Matthys , Kayikcioglu Meral , Caldwell Kate , Kallend David , Stein Evan ,   LIBerate-HeFH Investigators, Turner Traci , Bergeron Jean , Caku Artuela , Elis Avishay , Durst Ronen , Yalim Zafer , Kayikcioglu Meral , Kirilmaz Bahadir , Celik Atac , Duzen Irfan , Oguzhan Abdurraham , Basarici Ibrahim , Raal Frederick , Blom Dirk , Abelson Marc , Basson Matthys , Burgess Lesley , Fourie Nyda , Heggen Eli , Asprusten Emil , Mehta Vimal , Puri Raman , Mehta Ashwani , Gupta Preeti , Chag Milan , Pradhan Akshyaya , Jimenez Francisco Fuentes , Murillo Fernando Civeira , Sala Xavier Pinto , Scott Russell 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Lerodalcibep, a novel small recombinant fusion protein of a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 gene–binding domain (adnectin) and human serum albumin, demonstrated highly effective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with monthly 300 mg in 1.2 mL subcutaneous dosing in Phase 2. In this global Phase 3 trial, the safety and efficacy of lerodalcibep were evaluated in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia patients requiring additional LDL-C lowering.

Methods
Patients were randomized 2:1 to monthly subcutaneous injections of either lerodalcibep 300 mg or placebo for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoints were the per cent change from baseline in LDL-C at Week 24 and the mean of Weeks 22 and 24.

Results
In 478 randomized subjects [mean age (range); 53 (18–80) years, 51.7% female, mean (SD) baseline LDL-C 3.88 (1.66) mmol/L], lerodalcibep reduced LDL-C, compared with placebo by an absolute amount of 2.08 (0.11) mmol/L [LS mean (SE); 95% confidence interval −2.30 to −1.87] with a percentage difference of −58.61 (3.25)% at Week 24 and by 2.28 (0.10) mmol/L (95% confidence interval −2.47 to −2.09) with a percentage difference of −65.0 (2.87)% at the mean of Weeks 22 and 24 (P &lt; .0001 for all). With lerodalcibep, 68% of subjects achieved both a reduction in LDL-C ≥ 50% and the recommended European Society of Cardiology LDL-C targets during the study. Except for mild injection site reactions, treatment-emergent adverse events were similar between lerodalcibep and placebo.

Conclusions
Lerodalcibep, a novel anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 gene small binding protein dosed monthly as an alternative to monoclonal antibodies, significantly reduced LDL-C in subjects with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia with a safety profile similar to placebo.
Rocky rule: the idiosyncrasy of spatial and temporal size variation in mammals
Authors: Crandall Kirsten E , Olson Link E , Millien Virginie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mammals are predicted to vary in body size following Bergmann’s rule, with individuals found at higher latitudes in colder temperatures being larger in size compared to conspecifics occurring at lower latitudes in warmer temperatures. Body size is similarly expected to vary temporally, with a decrease in size through time due to recent climate warming. While Bergmann’s rule is well-supported in mammals, there is increasing evidence of exceptions to the rule. Here, we present patterns of size variation in 17 North American mammal species using five morphological traits (condylobasal skull length, skull width, maxillary toothrow length, body weight, and head-and-body length) to determine if size varies predictably for each species in space and time. We found little support for a widespread Bergmannian pattern for these species at a broad spatial scale (across North America) and a contemporary temporal scale (the past 120 years). The effects of latitude or year on each trait were highly variable with three types of responses: an increase, a decrease, or no change in size across space or through time. Spatial size trends were detected more often than temporal size trends, as the temperature range was significantly larger in space than through time. Body weight (the most variable trait) and head-and-body length were more likely to conform to Bergmann’s rule than craniodental measurements. We did not detect any changes in size variability with latitude, and our study species either increased or decreased in size variability over time. Our findings demonstrate that size variation in mammals is highly context-dependent. As such, caution is needed when using rules of body size variation to predict the future response of species to climate warning while valid in theory, it is likely too simplistic of an approach.
Correlative Atomic Force Microscopy and Raman Spectroscopy in Acid Erosion of Dentin
Authors: Doss Bryant L , Konkol Jakub A , Liu Yangxi , Brinzari Tatiana V , Pan Long 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Physical properties and chemical composition are fundamentally defining and interconnected surface characteristics. However, few techniques are able to capture both in a correlative fashion at the same sample location and orientation. This is especially important for complex materials such as dentin, which is an inner tooth structure and is a heterogeneous, composite inorganic–organic material with open channels (tubules) that extend toward the tooth pulp. Here, a combined microscope system consisting of an atomic force microscope and a confocal Raman spectrometer was used to study the correlative physical and chemical properties of human dentin. The local hardness of dentin was highly correlated with the Raman signal ratio of inorganic to organic material, and this was enhanced in the peritubular regions of dentin. When the samples were etched with citric acid, Young's modulus, hardness, and inorganic-to-organic material ratio decreased significantly, collagen fibrils on the surface were exposed, the peritubular regions were removed, and the tubule diameters increased. Thus, the combined atomic force microscopy (AFM)–Raman approach allows for comprehensive and correlative physical–chemical analysis of material surfaces and will be invaluable for evaluating oral therapeutic strategies.
A possible role for the merger of clusters/voids in the cosmological expansion
Authors: Mohammadi S , Yusofi E , Mohsenzadeh M , Salem M K 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
In this study, we use the merger process of clusters/voids in the role of variable dark energy fluid to alleviate the Hubble tension, which can lead to a balance in the cosmological expansion rate. To reach this target, we will introduce a modified form of energy density for cosmic fluid with the quadratic equation of state, and then we obtain Hubble, deceleration parameters, and luminosity distance for this fluid. To obtain the merger factor and other parameters of our model, we utilize the NONLINEARMODELFIT function within MATHEMATICA. By consideration of the local and global measurements of $\rm H_0$, and the equation of state parameter w as the priory values, and fitting our model with observational Hubble data measurements, we will show that the merger of clusters/voids plays the role of balancing the cosmic expansion rate. Also, it will be shown that the model is more compatible than wCDM with the standard model to describe the accelerating Universe
Filament fragmentation: density gradients suppress end-dominated collapse
Authors: Hoemann Elena , Heigl Stefan , Burkert Andreas 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The onset of star formation is set by the collapse of filaments in the interstellar medium. From a theoretical point of view, an isolated cylindrical filament forms cores via the edge effect. Due to the self-gravity of a filament, the strong increase in acceleration at both ends leads to a pile-up of matter which collapses into cores. However, this effect is rarely observed. Most theoretical models consider a sharp density cut-off at the edge of the filament, whereas a smoother transition is more realistic and would also decrease the acceleration at the ends of the filament. We show that the edge effect can be significantly slowed down by a density gradient, although not completely avoided. However, this allows perturbations inside the filament to grow faster than the edge. We determine the critical density gradient for which the time-scales are equal and find it to be of the order of several times the filament radius. Hence, the density gradient at the ends of a filament is an essential parameter for fragmentation and the low rate of observed cases of the edge effect could be naturally explained by shallow gradients.
Domain collapse and active site ablation generate a widespread animal mitochondrial seryl-tRNA synthetase
Authors: de Potter Bastiaan , Vallee Ingrid , Camacho Noelia , Filipe Costa Póvoas Luís , Bonsembiante Aureliano , Pons i Pons Alba , Eckhard Ulrich , Gomis-Rüth Francesc-Xavier , Yang Xiang-Lei , Schimmel Paul , Kuhle Bernhard , Ribas de Pouplana Lluís 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Through their aminoacylation reactions, aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases (aaRS) establish the rules of the genetic code throughout all of nature. During their long evolution in eukaryotes, additional domains and splice variants were added to what is commonly a homodimeric or monomeric structure. These changes confer orthogonal functions in cellular activities that have recently been uncovered. An unusual exception to the familiar architecture of aaRSs is the heterodimeric metazoan mitochondrial SerRS. In contrast to domain additions or alternative splicing, here we show that heterodimeric metazoan mitochondrial SerRS arose from its homodimeric ancestor not by domain additions, but rather by collapse of an entire domain (in one subunit) and an active site ablation (in the other). The collapse/ablation retains aminoacylation activity while creating a new surface, which is necessary for its orthogonal function. The results highlight a new paradigm for repurposing a member of the ancient tRNA synthetase family.
Practical overview of the ICRP Publication 145 phantoms for use with MCNP
Authors: Hetrick Lucas , Douglas Jordan , Poudel Deepesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper provides a practical overview of the mesh-type reference phantoms (MRCPs) published by the ICRP by providing supplementary guidance on the proper implementation of using the MRCPs in computational codes, such as Monte Carlo N-Particle. Various validation scenarios for photon and neutron exposures were also examined where published values were reproduced using the MRCPs for both external and internal exposures. Generally, the MRCPs performed well in the validation scenarios with the values reproduced being within 10% of the published values.
Shoot Maturation Strengthens FLS2-Mediated Resistance toPseudomonas syringae
Authors: Hu Lanxi , Kvitko Brian , Severns Paul M. , Yang Li 
Published: August 2023

Temporospatial regulation of immunity components is essential for properly activating plant defense response. Flagellin-sensing 2 (FLS2) is a surface-localized receptor that recognizes bacterial flagellin. The immune function of FLS2 is compromised in early stages of shoot development. However, the underlying mechanism for the age-dependent FLS2 signaling is not clear. Here, we show that the reduced basal immunity of juvenile leaves against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 is independent of FLS2. The flg22-induced marker gene expression and reactive oxygen species activation were comparable in juvenile and adult stages, but callose deposition was more evident in the adult stage than the juvenile stage. We further demonstrated that microRNA156, a master regulator of plant aging, does not influence the expression of FLS2 and FRK1 ( Flg22-induced receptor-like kinase 1) but mildly suppresses callose deposition in juvenile leaves. Our experiments revealed an intrinsic mechanism that regulates the amplitude of FLS2-mediated resistance during aging.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY WITH FOCAL LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION FOR MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS WITH MACULAR DETACHMENT
Authors: Anderson David R. , Vrabec Tamara R. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
To describe the clinical course and imaging of a case of myopic foveoschisis with macular detachment (MD), microbreak and epiretinal membrane managed with pneumatic retinopexy, and focal laser photocoagulation of the microbreak.

Methods:
Retrospective case review of a highly myopic, phakic White man who developed vision loss due to myopic foveoschisis with MD.

Results:
A 66-year-old phakic man with a refractive error of −13.25 to 2.25 × 150 in his left eye and 1 month visual loss who was diagnosed with myopic foveoschisis with MD, microbreak, and epiretinal membrane developed recurrent, isolated, posterior, partial MD 1 month after pneumatic retinopexy. Central macular thickness was 901 μm. Repeat pneumatic retinopexy with supplemental focal laser photocoagulation surrounding the inferior macular periarteriolar microbreak achieved reattachment and improvement in the retinoschisis with return of visual acuity from 20/150 to baseline 20/40+ at 18-month follow-up.

Conclusion:
Pneumatic retinopexy with focal laser photocoagulation may provide an alternative to vitrectomy and MP for the repair of myopic foveoschisis with MD and epiretinal membrane.
Prospective evaluation of the ESCRS online calculator for calculation of a multifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Lwowski Christoph , Kohnen Thomas 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:To evaluate a recently introduced ESCRS online calculator for intraocular lens (IOL) calculation of a multifocal IOL in refractive lens exchange and cataract surgery in a prospective setting.Setting:Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany.Design:Prospective, consecutive case series.Methods:Eyes that received lens extraction and multifocal IOL implantation were included. The mean prediction error, mean absolute error, and median absolute prediction error (MedAE) provided by the ESCRS online calculator were compared, as were the number of eyes within ±0.5 diopters (D), ±1.0 D, ±2.0 D of target refraction. The SRK/T formula was also included for comparison. Postoperative spherical equivalent was measured at 3 months. 1 eye per patient was included.Results:88 eyes from 88 patients with a mean age of 62 ± 9.5 years were included. The MedAE was low for all formulas and ranged from 0.26 D (Kane), Hill-RBF (0.27 D), Hoffer Q Savini/Taroni (Hoffer QST) (0.27 D), Barrett Universal II (BUII) (0.28 D), Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO) (0.29 D), Cooke K6 (0.27 D), 0.30 D (Postoperative spherical Equivalent prediction using Artificial intelligence and Linear algorithms, by Debellemaniére, Gatinel, and Saad [Pearl DGS]) to 0.31 D (SRK/T). No statistically significant difference was found (P= .627). Considering the number of eyes within ±0.5 D of the calculated refraction the best performing was again the Hill-RBF (84%, 74 eyes), again followed by Kane (71, 81%), EVO, Pearl DGS, Hoffer QST, BUII (each 80%, 70 eyes), Cooke K6 (78%, 69 eyes), and SRK/T (74%). Again, no statistically significant difference was found (P= .39).Conclusions:Using a recently introduced ESCRS online IOL calculator in multifocal IOLs leds to a high number of eyes reaching target refraction and low prediction errors. All formulas performed similarly well. Hill-RBF showed the highest number of eyes within ±0.5 D, but no significance was found.
“Seeing the light in the shade of it”: primary caregiver and youth perspectives on using an inpatient portal for pain care during hospitalization
Authors: Pope Nicole , Jones Sophie , Crellin Dianne , Palmer Greta , South Mike , Harrison Denise 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Studies from multiple countries report that most hospitalized children, especially the youngest and sickest, experience pain that is often severe yet inadequately treated. Evidence suggests this can lead to immediate and lifelong consequences affecting children, families, and communities. Partnership and shared decision-making by children, families, and clinicians is the ideal pediatric healthcare model and can improve care quality and safety, including pain care. A growing evidence base demonstrates that inpatient portals (electronic personal health record applications linked to hospital electronic medical or health records) can improve child and family engagement, outcomes, and satisfaction during hospitalization. This study examined the perspectives of caregivers of hospitalized children and of hospitalized youth about using an inpatient portal to support their engagement in pain care while in hospital. A qualitative descriptive study design was used and 20 participants (15 caregivers and 5 youth) with various painful conditions in one pediatric hospital participated in semistructured interviews. The authors applied a reflexive content analysis to the data and developed 3 broad categories: (1) connecting and sharing knowledge about pain, (2) user-centred designs, and (3) preserving roles. These findings outlined caregiver and youth recommendations for portal configurations that deeply engage and empower children and families in pain care through multidirectional knowledge sharing, supporting caregiver and clinicians' roles without burdening, or replacing human interaction implicit in family-centered pain care. Further research should measure the impact of portals on pain-related outcomes and explore the perspectives of clinicians.
Are Physical and Depressive Symptoms Different Between Women and Men With Heart Failure?
Authors: Roberts Davis Mary C. , Dieckmann Nathan F. , Hansen Lissi , Gupta Nandita , Hiatt Shirin , Lee Christopher , Denfeld Quin E. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Adults with heart failure (HF) experience a constellation of symptoms; however, understanding of gender differences in HF symptoms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are gender differences in physical and depressive symptoms and symptom patterns in HF using 2 different analytic techniques.

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of combined data from 6 studies of adults with HF. Physical symptoms were measured with the HF Somatic Perception Scale, and depressive symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. First, we performed propensity matching with the nearest neighbor to examine the average treatment effect for HF Somatic Perception Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in the matched sample of women and men. Next, we used the entire data set in a latent class mixture model to determine patterns of symptoms. Finally, we calculated predictors of class membership with multinomial logistic regression.

Results
The sample (n = 524, 86.5% systolic HF) was 37% women with a mean age of 58.3 ± 13.9 years and mean number of years with HF of 6.9 ± 6.9. Three hundred sixty-six participants were matched on propensity scores; there were no significant gender differences in symptom scores between matched women (n = 183) and men (n = 183). Among all 524 participants, 4 distinct latent classes of symptom patterns indicate that many patients with HF are fatigued, some have more depressive symptoms, and others have significantly more edema or cough. Gender did not predict membership to any symptom pattern.

Conclusions
There were significant gender differences in sociodemographics, health behaviors, and clinical characteristics, but not HF symptoms or symptom patterns, using either analytic technique.