bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and histological study of the stomach of abomasum of one humped camels (Camelus dromedaries) adult
Authors: Naser Hazem Kareem , Hassan Najah Hashim , Albideri Adnan Waheed 
Published: August 2023

The current investigation comprised histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of one humped camel’s stomach in adult animals, were included (5) specimens from adults were used.The histological study of fourth compartment (abomasums) of stomach revealed that it lined simple columnar epithelium, it was noted that the lamina propria composed of loose connective tissue. In the same direction, the results referred that there were three regions in the Lamina propria of fourth compartment, the cardiac region has cardiac glands, fundic region has fundic glands, in which gastric cells were found including mucous neck cells, chief cells, argentaffin cells & parietal cells which constitutes the vast majority of gastric cells. The third region was the pyloric region which contained pyloric glands. The result also showed that all the gastric glands besides the mucous neck cells gave a positive reaction with (PAS) reagent. The muscularis mucosae appeared more developed in the fourth compartment in which it consisted of an inner layer of circularly arranged muscle fibers, and an outer longitudinal layer. The submucosa was observed consisted of loose connective tissue with different types of blood vessels, fibroblasts & small lymphocyte. The smooth muscle fibers of muscularis externa consisted of an inner layer in which the muscle fibers are arranged circularly & an outer layer in which the fibers run longitudinally. Covering the muscle coat, there is the outermost serous layer which made up of loose connective tissue contained fibroblasts, collagenous & elastic fibers.
Histology of ovine placenta during gestation periods
Authors: Majeed A. F. , Shalal M. S. , Mohammed T. R. 
Published: August 2023

Placetomes were collected from 93 pregnant slaughtered Ewes at different gestation periods , from AL.Falluja slaughter house during the periods from 2, Jully 2009 to 30, December ,2010 . Tissue specimens for microscopic examination were taken from the centers of the sampled placentomes .Immediately following collection ,the samples were fixed in 10% bufferd neutral formalin for 24 h .Tissue specimens were dehydrated in a graded series of alcohol , cleared by xylol and embded in paraffin .Histologic section were cut at 3-4 µm thickness ,Stained with hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) (6).The period of gestation were measured according to Richardson (7) with aquation of x =2.1(Y+17) as x= gestation period in day and Y=the crown Rump. Histologic examination during early pregnancy (30 – 40 d) Showed a pronounced BNC with anumbe of nuclei with in each cellular boundary in the uterine epithelium indicates that possible fusions are restricted , It is also there is an increase in blood vascularity. At 40 – 50 d of pregnancy, there was a further increase in caruncular vascularity by 2-fold characterized by increase capillary number and 2 to 3 – fold increase in capillary diameter. Endometrial gland hyperplasia showed during this period . Then placentomes showed grow in number and size until 8oth day. It was shown that the BNCS of the trophoblast increase in size, in polarity and in the number of their cytoplasmic granules as pregnancy advanced.
Some comparative morphometric and histological asspects of Iraqi buffaloes( Bulbus bulbus ) ovaries at sixth and ninth years old in esterous stage
Authors: Naki Zainb Jawad 
Published: August 2023

The study conducted on the Iraqi buffalo ovaries in esterous stage at sixth to ninth years old . The study was appeared the buffaloes ovary enclosed by delicate fibrous capsule , the mean thickness in right and left ovary ( 37.5 ± 0.14 , 25± 1.52 , 18.75 ± 0.12, 17.22± 0.51) at respectively . The ovarian capsule enclosed by simple cuboidal epithelium . The study was revealed the buffalo ovary composed of ovarian cortex and medulla . the cortex was occupied large region when compared with medulla , the mean thickness of cortex in the left and right ovary of the study groups was (5625± 5.28 , 4357 ± 2.5 , 4102 ± 2.62 , 4010± 3.84 ) micrometer at respectively , while the mean thickness of the medulla was( 2875 ± 1.82 , 2375±2.24, 2235± 1.72 2125± 3.95 ) micro meter at respectively in left and right ovary of different age . The cortex of the buffalo ovary was included three types of ovarian follicles, primary , secondary and Graffian follicles which pass in different stages of development . the diameter of graffian follicles in nine year s old more when compared with sex years old in each right and left ovary ( 498±3.22, 425 ±2.86, 383± 1.14 , 397± 4.81 ) micro meter at respectively . The medulla of ovarian buffalo was characterized by very rich blood vessels supply consist of arteries , veins and their branches and nerves , as well as study was recorded the differences in the mean diameters of blood vessels that nourished the ovarian medulla.
Comparative pathological and cytogenetical study of ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea L. and Vinblastine in treating mammary gland adenocarcinoma implanted mice
Authors: Aqubi Aoula E. , Al-Naimi Rajha S. , Al-Taee Eman H. 
Published: August 2023

Pathological, cytogenetical comparative study was the main objectives of this project between the influence of ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea and Vinblastine (vinca alkaloid) as chemotherapy. Fourty female adult Swiss albino balb/C mice of approximately body weight (20-26g) and age (8-10) weeks were used in whole experiments. In cytogenetic study two parameters mitotic index (MI) and blast index (BI) were used. The results showed significant increase (p‹0.05) in mitotic index (MI) and blast index (BI) values in groups treated with ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea. Also the results showed significant decrease in these values in groups treated with Vinblastine. Histopathological sections in control group showed the presence of tumor growth characterized by formation of acinar like structures, with pleomorphic tumor cells and hyperchromatic nuclei with a tendency to form giant cells and high numbers of mitotic figures with extensive areas of necrosis. The tumor showed metastasis in liver and Lung, with aggregation of tumor associated macrophages in liver. Histopathological sections in groups of tumor-bearing female mice, treated with ethanolic extract, were showed large areas of necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and encapsulate with fibrous connective tissue capsule with mononuclear cell infiltrations in lung and formation of early granuloma in liver. In chemotherapy, tissue sections showed vacuolation and necrosis of tumor cells which encapsulated with fibrous connective tissue. The pathological changes characterized by alopecia, and large pneumonic areas with extensive coagulative necrosis and apoptosis in liver with hyperplastic nodules formation. Bone section showed marked depletion of hemopoietic tissue of bone marrow and increased in the number of megakaryocytes, with signs of osteoporosis. We concluded that both ethanolic extract of Vinca rosea and Vinblastine have cytotoxic effect on transplanted mammary tumor cells in mice, with no side effect in case of Vinca rosea in comparison with vinblastine which cause severe pathological changes in internal target organs with signs of osteoporosis and precancerous lesions, with significant changes in the blood picture and in cytogenetic parameters.
Study the effect of some immunological aspects on Newzealand Rabbits drenched with different concentrations of copper sulfate and zinc
Authors: Abd-Alrazaak Assif H. 
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of watery solutions of zinc sulfate and copper sulfate on some immunoglobulins and complement, and on the total and differential Leukocyte count in 36 Newzealand rabbits which divided into 6 groups (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6), 6 rabbit for each group had been drenched orally with 1 ml. contained 0.5, 5, 10 mg of zinc sulfate solution for T4, T3, T2 groups, respectively, while T5 and T6 groups drenched with 0.5 and 0.25 mg of copper sulfate solution, respectively, whereas the T1 group allowed without treatment (control). The results showed significant increase (P<0.05) of immunoglobulin IgM in T4 group in compare to T1, T2, T5. In addition to significant increase of IgM in T3 and T6 in compare to T2, and IgA in T2, T6 to significantly than T1 and T5. In respect to total and differenced Leukocyte count, the results revealed that the Neutrophil count did not affected by the different concentrations of copper sulfate and zinc sulfate whereas the number of Monocytes was increased in T2 in compare to other group. Also, the count of Lymphocytes was increased significantly (P<0.05) in T4 more than that in T1 and also in T5 when compared with T1, T3, T6.
Effect of crude and steroid free bovine follicular fluid on some hematological and biochemical parameters and ovarian development in rats
Authors: AL-Zamely Hayder Abdulkadem , AL-llozy Mohammad Abdulazeez 
Published: August 2023

Ovarian growth and function is under the control of pituitary gonadotropins and various local intraovarian factors. The present study has been undertaken to assess the efficacy of crude follicular fluid and steroid free FF taken from bovine ovaries on some hematological aspect as well as ovarian growth and function of mature female Wistar rats. Follicular fluid aspirated from large size Graffian follicles of abattoir – derived bovine ovaries was made cell free by centrifugation and steroid free by charcoal treatment. follicular fluid ‎ has been fractioned using ammonium sulphate precipitation at various saturation levels and then subjected to get filtration chromatography. The 20 – 40% fraction yielded the detectable peak and the average yield of peptide was 0.659 mg/ml of FF . The crude and steroid free FF were tested for effects on some hematological parameters and ovarian and uteri weights, numbers of different types of ovarian follicles and assessment of histophysiological appearance. Twenty four mature female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three equal groups (control and two treatment groups), injected with normal saline (Control), SFFF (T1) and CFF (T2) for 4 consecutive days. At the fifth day, all female rats were anesthetized, dissected and blood samples were obtained for hematological study and ovaries and uteri were removed , weighted and fixed in formalin 10% for histophysiological study . The results revealed no significant effects in Hb concentration , PCV , AST , concentrations, cholesterol , urea , and glucose concentrations . On the other hand , the result revealed no effect on uteri and ovarian weights , an increment in the numbers of primary and secondary follicles and a decrement in the number of Graffian follicles . Within each group , the results showed that primary follicles recorded the highest number among the different types of ovarian follicles. While the highest total number of the different types of ovarian follicles were recorded in CFF and SFFF groups compared with control . The present study demonstrated no side effect on blood constituents as well as the effect of a bovine intrafollicular factor/s regulating ovarian growth and function in rats , especially the development of primary and secondary follicles unlike Graffian follicles which underwent from the inhibition .
Some morphometric and histological description of the seminiferous ,striaghted and rete testis tubules in the testis of indogenous male goats (two years old)
Authors: Mohammed Abdul Hadi Sallal , Kadium Dalal Abdul Husian , Ebed Ashwaq Kadium 
Published: August 2023

The present Study was carried out on (15) testis indogenous male goats(two years)old . The testes was surrounded by capsule mean thickness (230±3.5) micrometer.The internal structures of the testes represented by seminiferous tubules mean diameters ( 258±1.9) micrometer.The wall of seminiferous tubules consist of spermatogenic cells and supporting cells(Sertoli cells). The spermatogenic cells included spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes (mean diameters 10.5±1.7, 16.3± 2.3) micrometer respectively. Difficult to determine the secondary spermatocytes,due to remain for short time , because they converse quickly to spermatids ,therefore ;diameters of secondary spermatocytes were thought approximately equal the diameters of spermatids and spermatids(mean diameter 9.52±1.49) micrometer.The mean diameter of supporting cells was (13 .58±2.11) micrometer. Among the seminiferous tubules there are interstitial tissue was occupied by interstitial cells (Leydig´s cells) the mean diameter (12.32±3.85) micrometer.The seminiferous tubules were opened into striaghted tubules which lined by epithelium was graduated from stratified cuboidal endothelium to simple cuboidal endothelium when striaghted tubules connected with rete testis tubules .The mean diameters of striaghted tubules were ( 156.3± 2.36) micrometer.The rete testis were lined by simple squamous endothelium(the mean diameter 74±1.48) micrometer.
Efficacy of tramadol as analgesic and mixed with ketamine, xylazine as anesthetic in rabbits
Authors: Abid AL-Redah Sameer A. , Hassan Neeran F. 
Published: August 2023

This study were performed to evaluate the efficacy of Tramadol as analgesic and efficacy of using Tramadol in combination with other drugs like Ketamine and Xylazine in anesthetic protocols in rabbits. 15 adult New Zealand white rabbits divided to 3 equal groups were anesthetized intramuscularly in one syringe, group 1 with Tramadol 15 mg/kg B.W, group 2 with Tramadol 15mg/Kg B.W and Ketamine 30mg/Kg B.W, group 3 with Tramadol 15mg/Kg B.W and Ketamine 30mg/Kg B.W and Xylazine 5mg/Kg B.W, physiologic parameters were evaluated including : body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, muscle relaxation, analgesia and stages of anesthesia ( Induction of anesthesia, surgical anesthesia and recovery time).The most significant changes were reported in G3 (T15K30X5) and this combination is useful regimen clinically for anesthetize rabbits due to the fast of induction anesthesia and the long surgical duration of anesthesia.
Some toxicological impacts and invitro antibacterial activity of Datura innoxia extract in rats
Authors: Al-Sarai Alwan Abed Hamadi , Abbas Duraid A. , Kadhim Al-Rekabi Falah Mosa 
Published: August 2023

The study was carried out to investigate some toxicological effects and in-vitro antibacterial activity of Datura innoxia dried leaves.The yield percentage of Datura innoxia 95% ethyl alcohol leaves extract was 19%. Phytochemicals analysis of both Datura innoxia leaves powder and alcoholic extract, indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, tannins, resins, saponins, flavonoids and steroids which are responsible for toxic and therapeutic effects. The acute toxicological effect of Datura innoxia ethanolic extract in male rats was determined by estimation the oral median lethal dose (LD50) by up and down method was 1214 mg/kg. BW. The in-vitro antibacterial activity of Datura innoxia ethanolic extract and its minimum inhibitory concentration activity (MIC) showed that E. coli was more sensitive to D.I ethanolic extract than Staph. aureus, the MIC for D.I extract against E. coli was less than MIC against Staph. aureus which was 5 and 10 mg/ml respectively, also E. coli was more sensitive to ciprofloxacin .
Reverse effect of laser treatment on hyperthyroidism in female rabbits
Authors: S. AL-Azawi Tahani S. 
Published: August 2023

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Laser treatment on LH, FSH, Progesterone and Cortisol and the relationship between them and after physiological functions in adult female rabbits serum affected with hyperthyroidism. Eighteen adult female rabbits at eight months and weighing (1.2 - 1.8 Kg) were used in this experiment. At the end of the two weeks of adaptation, the rabbits were divided equally into three groups. The first group was given distilled water and used as a control. The second and third groups were administered orally with L- thyroxine at a dose of 200µg/Kg body weight daily for twenty days. After the induction of hyperthyroidism, the third group was exposed to laser treatment (40J / cm2) at the thyroid gland region for fifteen successive days for ten minutes on each side of the gland. Where as the second ( hyperthyroid ) group was left without laser treatment. Blood samples were collected from ear vein and LH, FSH, Progesterone and cortisol levels in serum were assayed. On the other hand food, water intake, body temperature and weight of all animals were estimated. The result show significant increase in these hormones in the second group with an increase food, water intake and body temperature as compared with control. The relationship between these hormones and thyroid gland was discussed. Laser treatment to the hyperthyroid gland seems to normalize these hormones.
Effect of addition of probiotic and black seeds to Awassi male lambs ration on some body and testes measurements
Authors: A. Alessawi Amer J. , M. Al-Wazeer Anmar A. 
Published: August 2023

A study was conducted in private farm in Babylon governorate to evaluate the effect of supplement of probiotic (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) and Black seeds( Nigella Sativa) to Awassi male lambs ration on some body measurements: Chest Girth, Hip Girth, Front Height, Back Height, Testicular Girth, Testicular Length, Body length and Body weight ) in twenty lambs, for 60 days period .All lambs divided randomly into four treatment, each treatment contains 5 lambs as follow: Treatment 1 (T1):-control basic ration. Treatment 2(T2):-basic ration supplemented with 0.02%probiotic. Treatment 3(T3):-basic ration with substitute 2% soybean meal with 2% Nigella sativa. Treatment 4(4):-last ration supplemented with 0.02% probiotic. The results of the showed Significant (P<0.05) increase in chest and hip girth for treatment 2,3,4 comparing with control treatment and superiority was in treatment 3. Significant (P<0.05) increase in front and back height in treatment 3 and also in length and body weight where’s the treatment 1 has lowest in body measurements. Testes measurements of the male lambs are not significantly increase
The effect of propolis on growth inhibition of Helicobacter pylori isolates from peptic ulcer patient
Authors: S. Ibrahim Arooba M. , Turab Mohammed k. 
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study involved isolation of Helicobacter pylori. Mucosal antral biopsy specimens were obtained from 25 patients with peptic ulcer using endoscopic examination from Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital. From each patient, two mucosal antral biopsy specimens were taken and we used to detect Helicobacter pylori using anti-human IgG and biopsy related test which included rapid biopsy urease test and antral biopsy specimens culturing. The H. Pylori isolates were identified by gram stain and biochemical test which included oxidase and catalase tests. The percentage of isolation was 60% and number of isolates was 15 isolates, and evaluating of the inhibitory effect of crud propolis against bacterial isolates. Five graduated concentrations were prepared propolis 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/ml and its activity was checked up by agar well diffusion method. The concentration of propolis exhibit proportionality with zone of inhibition of H. pylori. The propolis at concentration 100 and 200 mg/ml was significant activity in comparison with antibacterial used in this study at (P<0.001) for each of clarithromycin (100µg), spiromycin (100µg) and trimethoprim (5µg) which were exhibited best activity from each other antibacterial which have been used.
The effect of coffee consumption on liver function in adult male rabbits
Authors: Mohammad Ali Sabreen Majeed Mohammad Ali 
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out on 10 adult male Rabbits to investigate the effect of Coffee at a dose ( 100 mg/ Kg B.W. / day) orally on the liver function by measuring the Liver enzymes such as [Glutamic Oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) , Glutamic Pyruvic Transminase (GPT) , Total serum Billirubin (TSB) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)]. This study was lasted for one month and blood samples was taken at the end of the 2nd week and 4th week for determination the biochemical parameters.(GOT/GPT/ALP/TSB) The results showed that a significant increasing (P < 0.05) in the level of GPT, GOT and ALP enzymes in2nd&4th weeks in treated group as compared with the Control group with no significant increasing (P < 0.05) in the TSB level in treated group as compared with the Control group. That indicate the stimulatory effect of Coffee on liver functions.Key word: Coffee, Caffeine, GPT, GOT , TSB ,. ALP.
Study the effect aqueous and alcoholic extracts of green tea on some bacterial isolates from infections of urinary tracts
Authors: Abed Bassam Ali , Khyoon Hussein Ali 
Published: August 2023

Collected 100 samples from patients infected with generation of urinary tract infection acute and chronic, isolated 85 bacterial isolates them, and diagnosed to the following types using biochemical tests and test the API, has been diagnosed by the E.coli (20%), K.pneumoniae (15%), and the genus Enterobacter cloacae (10%), and the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5%), while the isolates were positive for the dye Cram One was Staphylococcus aureus (10%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis by (8%). Isolates tested for sensitivity (10) an antibiotic, bacterial isolates have shown a difference in the rates of resistance to these antibiotics. Bacterial isolates were selected on the basis of the most frequency in urinary tract infections and their resistance to the impact of antibiotics that are: (E. coli and K.pneumoniae Enterobacter cloacae and Ps.aeruginosa and, Staph.aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis). The selection effect of water and alcoholic extracts of green tea leaves in the growth of the isolates at concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100) mg / ml. The results showed that alcoholic extract of the plant cold green tea is more efficient than the other extracts influencing on the growth of pathogenic bacteria by used (The Agar – Well Diffusion Method).
Preparation and in-vitro evaluation of floating microspheres of gabapentin
Authors: Al-Abadi Ahmed N. , Abdul Rassol Alaa A. 
Published: August 2023

Gabapentin dosage form could be designed to release the drug in the stomach at a rate providing the maximum amount of drug absorbable by the upper intestinal segment using the multiple- unit floating system to increase the gastric residence time (GRT) of the dosage forms. The floating microspheres were prepared by the solvent evaporation method using polymers ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate. The microspheres were characterized for their particle size, shape, percentage yield, drug entrapment, buoyancy ratio, drug- polymer interaction and in-vitro drug release kinetics. In addition, effects of the polymer type, polymer: drug ratio, solvent system compositions and temperature on the microspheres characteristics were studied. Investigations using optical microscope revealed spherical shape microspheres, with a size range at (45-1050µm), as well as high yield (99%), high drug entrapment (98%), high buoyancy ratio (≥95) and no drug-polymer interaction. A modified release rate (reach ten hours) was obtained.