bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Can Differentiate Between Atypical Cartilaginous Tumors and High-Grade Chondrosarcoma: Correlation With Histological Vessel Characteristics
Authors: Jin Bo , Yang Jie , Zhen Junping , Xu Yang , Wang Chen , Jing Qing , Shang Yangwei 
Published: August 2023

Objective
To differentiate between atypical cartilaginous tumors and high-grade chondrosarcoma of the major long bones using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), and explore the correlation of quantitative parameters with hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD).

Method
Between September 2016 and March 2022, 35 patients (17 atypical cartilaginous tumors, 18 high-grade chondrosarcoma) underwent MRI examination and pathological confirmation at our hospital. First, IVIM-derived parameters (D, D*, and f), and DCE-MRI parameters (K
trans, K
ep, and Ve
) were measured, and intraclass correlation efficient (ICC) and Mann-Whitney U test were performed. Second, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Finally, Spearman's correlation analysis was performed between the quantitative parameters of IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI and the immunohistochemical factors HIF-1α, VEGF, and MVD in chondrosarcoma tissue.

Results

D in atypical cartilaginous tumors was significantly higher than that in high-grade chondrosarcoma (P = 0.003), whereas D*, K
trans, and Kep
in atypical cartilaginous tumors were significantly lower than those in high-grade chondrosarcoma (all P < 0.001). K
trans demonstrated the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.979. The D*, K
trans, and Kep
were positively correlated with HIF-1α, VEGF, and MVD (all P < 0.001), whereas D had no correlation with HIF-1α, VEGF, and MVD (P = 0.113, 0.077, 0.058, respectively).

Conclusion
The IVIM-DWI quantitative parameters (D, D*) and DCE-MRI quantitative parameters (K
trans, K
ep) are helpful to differentiate between atypical cartilaginous tumors and high-grade chondrosarcoma and could be imaging biomarkers to reflect the expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF, and angiogenesis of chondrosarcoma.
Patient Positioning Assistive Technology Applicable to the Existing Computed Tomography System: Estimation by Pixel Value of Scout Image
Authors: Urikura Atsushi , Miyauchi Yosuke , Yoshida Tsukasa , Ishita Yuya , Takiguchi Keisuke , Aramaki Takeshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to propose a patient positioning assistive technique using computed tomography (CT) scout images. A total of 210 patients who underwent CT scans in a single center, including on the upper abdomen, were divided into a study set of 127 patients for regression and 83 patients for verification. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the R
2 coefficient and the linear equation related to the mean pixel value of the scout image and ideal table height (THideal). The average pixel values of the scout image were substituted into the regression equation to estimate the THideal. To verify the accuracy of this method, the distance between the estimated table height (THest) and THideal was measured. The medians of age (in years), gender (male/female), height (in centimeters), and body weight (in kilograms) for the regression and verification groups were 68 versus 70, 85/42 versus 55/28, 163.8 versus 163.0, and 59.9 versus 61.9, respectively. Linear regression analysis indicated a high coefficient of determination (R
2 = 0.91) between the mean pixel value of the scout image and THideal. The correlation coefficient between THideal and THest was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.92–0.97; P < 0.0001), systematic bias was 0.2 mm, and the limits of agreement were −5.4 to 5.9 (P = 0.78). The offset of the table height with THest was 2.8 ± 2.1 mm. The proposed estimation method using scout images could improve the automatic optimization of table height in CT, and it can be used as a general-purpose automatic positioning technique.
Comparison of Diatrizoate and Iohexol for Patient Acceptance and Fecal-Tagging Performance in Noncathartic CT Colonography
Authors: Chen Yanshan , Feng Lijuan , Huang Zixuan , Zou Wenbin , Luo Guibo , Dai Guochao , Zhao Weidong , Cai Wenli , Luo Mingyue 
Published: August 2023

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare diatrizoate and iohexol regarding patient acceptance and fecal-tagging performance in noncathartic computed tomography colonography.

Methods
This study enrolled 284 volunteers with fecal tagging by either diatrizoate or iohexol at an iodine concentration of 13.33 mg/mL and an iodine load of 24 g. Patient acceptance was rated on a 4-point scale of gastrointestinal discomfort. Two gastrointestinal radiologists jointly analyzed image quality, fecal-tagging density and homogeneity, and residual contrast agent in the small intestine. The results were compared by the generalized estimating equation method.

Results
Patient acceptance was comparable between the 2 groups (3.95 ± 0.22 vs 3.96 ± 0.20, P = 0.777). The diatrizoate group had less residual fluid and stool than the iohexol group (P = 0.019, P = 0.004, respectively). There was no significant difference in colorectal distention, residual fluid, and stool tagging quality between the 2 groups (all P's > 0.05). The mean 2-dimensional image quality score was 4.59 ± 0.68 with diatrizoate and 3.60 ± 1.14 with iohexol (P < 0.001). The attenuation of tagged feces was 581 ± 66 HU with diatrizoate and 1038 ± 117 HU with iohexol (P < 0.001). Residual contrast agent in the small intestine was assessed at 55.3% and 62.3% for the diatrizoate group and iohexol group, respectively (P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Compared with iohexol, diatrizoate had better image quality, proper fecal-tagging density, and more homogeneous tagging along with comparable excellent patient acceptance, and might be more suitable for fecal tagging in noncathartic computed tomography colonography.
Anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders in patients with chronic respiratory diseases
Authors: Yohannes Abebaw M. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
This brief critical review evaluates recent research on the impact of anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. In these patients, untreated anxiety and PTSD exacerbate acute symptoms, increase disability and impair quality of life. Therefore, effective interventions are also reviewed.

Recent findings
Anxiety disorders and PTSD are prevalent in COPD and asthma, worsen symptoms in acute exacerbations, and increase morbidity and healthcare utilization. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacological therapy are each effective in COPD patients with anxiety or PTSD. However, very little work examined therapy for combined anxiety and PTSD in patients with either COPD or asthma.

Summary
Despite the high prevalence of anxiety disorder or PTSD in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, a paucity of literature remains demonstrating the efficacy of pharmacological therapies for these conditions. This review highlights the promising benefits of PR on anxiety, but prospective trials are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of interventions with PTSD alone, or with concomitant anxiety.
Impaired Emotion Recognition: A Potential Marker for Social Behavioral Problems in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer Disease?
Authors: Strijkert Fijanne , Huitema Rients B. , van Munster Barbara C. , Spikman Jacoba M. 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Emotion recognition, an important aspect of social cognition, can be impaired already in early Alzheimer disease dementia and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and may underly social behavioral changes, which can increase caregiver burden. However, social behavior is difficult to assess in outpatient settings. We evaluated whether impaired emotion recognition is related to proxy-rated social behavioral problems and thus can serve as a marker of these changes.

Patients and Method:
Emotion recognition was assessed with Ekman 60 Faces Test (EFT-total, 6 separate emotions) in patients (n = 31 AD; n = 37 aMCI) and healthy controls (n = 60 HCs). Social behavioral problems were rated by proxies with the neuropsychiatric inventory (agitation, apathy, irritability, disinhibition, and a sum score). It tested whether EFT scores differed between patients with and without behavioral problems.

Results:
AD had worse EFT-total (P <0.001), disgust (P = 0.02), and fear (P = 0.001) than HC, but not than aMCI, who did not differ from HC. AD displayed more disinhibition (P < 0.05). EFT and neuropsychiatric inventory sum scores were not significantly correlated. Patients with apathy had lower EFT-total (P = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Measuring emotion recognition adds value: it is impaired in early neurodegeneration and associated with apathy but not necessarily related to overall changes in social behavior in this population.
Education as a Moderator of Help Seeking Behavior in Subjective Cognitive Decline
Authors: Azar Martina , Chapman Silvia , Joyce Jillian , Schultheis Maria , Zhang Zoe , Waltrip Leah , Shagalow Shaina , Zeiger Peter , Sunderaraman Preeti , Cosentino Stephanie 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Disparities in Alzheimer disease (AD) and differences in help seeking (HS) across sociodemographic groups warrant public health concern. Research addressing such disparities must shift toward the earliest clinical manifestations of AD to optimize diagnosis, intervention and care planning. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a risk state for AD, provides an important context in which to examine sociodemographic-related disparities in HS.

Participants and Methods:
One hundred sixty-seven cognitively healthy older adults (Mage=73, Meducation=16) (26.4% Black, Asian, or “Other”) completed SCD questionnaire, HS questions, and mood measures (depression and anxiety). Binary logistic adjusted regressions examined: (a) the association between SCD and HS; and (b) the extent to which education moderated the relationship between SCD and HS. SCD [b = 0.06, SE=0.13, P<0.001, odds ratio=1.06, 95% CI (1.03, 1.08)] and education [b=0.32, SE=0.09, P<0.001, odds ratio=1.37, 95% CI (1.15, 1.64)] were independently associated with HS, with significant interaction between education and SCD on HS [b=0.2, SE=0.01, P=0.01, odds ratio=1.02, 95% CI (1.00, 1.03)].

Conclusions:
Findings elucidate the importance of tailoring SCD-related psychoeducational resources depending on educational background as a preliminary stepping-stone in encouraging HS among older adults who may be at particular risk for developing dementia.
ccTCM: a quantitative component and compound platform for promoting the research of traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Yang Dongqing , Zhu Zhu , Yao Qi , Chen Cuihua , Chen Feiyan , Gu Ling , Jiang Yucui , Chen Lin , Zhang Jingyuan , Wu Juan , Gao Xingsu , Wang Junqin , Li Guochun , Zhao Yunan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) databases play a vital role in bridging the gap between TCM and modern medicine, as well as in promoting the popularity of TCM. Elucidating the bioactive ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials is key to TCM modernization and new drug discovery. However, one drawback of current TCM databases is the lack of quantitative data on the constituents of Chinese medicinal materials. Herein, we present ccTCM, a web-based platform designed to provide a component and compound-content-based resource on TCM and analysis services for medical experts. In terms of design features, ccTCM combines resource distribution, similarity analysis, and molecular-mechanism analysis to accelerate the discovery of bioactive ingredients in TCM. ccTCM contains 273 Chinese medicinal materials commonly used in clinical settings, covering 29 functional classifications. By searching and comparing, we finally adopted 2043 studies, from which we collected the compounds contained in each TCM with content greater than 0.001%, and a total of 1 449 were extracted. Subsequently, we collected 40767 compound-target pairs by integrating multiple databases. Taken together, ccTCM is a versatile platform for that can be used by TCM scientists to perform scientific and clinical TCM studies based on quantified ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials. ccTCM is freely accessible athttp://www.cctcm.org.cn.
Pharmacology of Berberine and its Metabolites, is it the natures Ozempic or Imatinib?
Authors: Singh Naresh Kumar , Dhanasekaran Muralikrishnan , Kumar Arun HS 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundBerberine, which is a naturally occurring alkaloid is widely explored for several health benefits including for weight management and metabolic disorders. The major pharmacological action of berberine is reported to be by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, while its other clinical outcomes are devoid of clear mechanism of action/s. Hence in this study a detailed pharmacology of berberine and its two major metabolites (berberrubine, and jatrorrhizine) in humans was evaluated using well established Insilco tools.Materials and MethodsThe targets of berberine and its metabolites were identified in SwissTargetPrediction server and their affinity was assed using AutoDock vina 1.2.0. The binding pockets of the highest ligand receptor combinations was assessed using the PrankWeb: Ligand Binding Site Prediction tool.ResultsKinases, enzymes and family A GPCR’s were identified as the top three target category of berberine and its metabolites. ROCK2, PIK3CD, KCNMA1, CSF1R and KIT were observed to be the high affinity targets of berberine and its metabolites with affinity values of <4 uM. The affinity of berberine and its metabolites against all AMPKs and lipid/glucose regulator targets (LDLR, DDP4 and PCSK9) were > 10 uM. The IC50 value of berberine and its metabolites against ROCK2 was the least (<1 uM), while their other high affinity targets (PIK3CD, KCNMA1, CSF1R and KIT) showed IC50 values < 5 uM.ConclusionThe diverse range of protein targets and the observed novel high affinity targets (ROCK2, PIK3CD, KCNMA1, CSF1R and KIT) offer valuable insights into the potential mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects of berberine and its metabolites in various disease conditions, which warrants validation in suitable efficacy analysis studies.
Molecular dissection of the soluble photosynthetic antenna from a cryptophyte alga
Authors: Rathbone Harry W. , Laos Alistair J. , Michie Katharine A. , Iranmanesh Hasti , Biazik Joanna , Goodchild Sophia , Thordarson Pall , Green Beverley R. , Curmi Paul M. G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCryptophyte algae have a unique phycobiliprotein light-harvesting antenna that fills a spectral gap in chlorophyll absorption, however, it is unclear how it transfers energy efficiently to photosystems. We show that the cryptophyteHemiselmis anderseniiexpresses an energetically complex antenna comprising three distinct spectrotypes of phycobiliprotein with different quaternary structures arising from a diverse α subunit family. The bulk of the antenna consists ofopenquaternary form phycobiliproteins acting as primary photon acceptors, supplemented by novelopen-bracedforms. The final components areclosedforms with a long wavelength spectral feature due to substitution of a single chromophore. We propose that the macromolecular organization of the cryptophyte antennas consists of bulkopenandopen-bracedforms that transfer excitations to photosystems via this bridgingclosedform phycobiliprotein.One-Sentence SummaryAlgae generate a rainbow of antenna proteins by combining a conserved subunit with different members of a multigene family.
Prosaposin maintains adult neural stem cells in a state associated with deep quiescence
Authors: Labusch Miriam , Thetiot Melina , Than-Trong Emmanuel , Morizet David , Coolen Marion , Varet Hugo , Legendre Rachel , Ortica Sara , Mancini Laure , Bally-Cuif Laure 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn most vertebrates, adult neural stem cells (NSCs) continuously give rise to neurons in discrete brain regions. A critical process for maintaining NSC pools over long periods of time in the adult brain is NSC quiescence, a reversible and tightly regulated state of cell cycle arrest. Recently, lysosomes were identified to regulate the NSC quiescence-proliferation balance. However, it remains controversial whether lysosomal activity promotes NSC proliferation or quiescence, and a finer influence of lysosomal activity on NSC quiescence duration or depth remains unexplored. Using RNA-sequencing and pharmacological manipulations, we show that lysosomes are necessary for NSC quiescence maintenance. Additionally, we reveal that expression ofpsap, encoding the lysosomal regulator Prosaposin, is enriched in quiescent NSCs (qNSCs) that reside upstream in the NSC lineage and display a deep/long quiescence phase in the adult zebrafish telencephalon. We show that shRNA-mediatedpsapknock-down increases the proportion of activated NSCs (aNSCs) as well as NSCs that reside in shallower quiescence states (signed byascl1aanddeltaAexpression). Collectively, our results identify the lysosomal protein Psap as a (direct or indirect) quiescence regulator and unfold the interplay between lysosomal function and NSC quiescence heterogeneities.
BirT: a novel primer pair for avian environmental DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Thalinger B. , Empey R , Cowperthwaite M. , Coveny K , Steinke D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnvironmental DNA metabarcoding has become a widely used technique to detect animals from environmental samples and is on the brink of being implemented into routine species monitoring. Surprisingly, birds are among the taxonomic groups which until recently, received comparably little attention in eDNA research, a fact that is changing rapidly, with the growing number of air eDNA analyses. Since birds are hardly ever the most abundant species in aquatic or terrestrial habitats, a high specificity of the employed metabarcoding primers is key to limit non-target amplifications and enable reliable detection from environmental samples.Here, we present a novel primer pair (BirT) for metabarcoding of avian environmental DNA. We optimized specificity and fragment length regarding taxonomic resolution and available sequencing technology. Additionally, we evaluated the availability of 12S reference sequences for birds and filled database gaps by generating novel 12S barcodes. Finally, we tested the applicability of this approach using field-collected eDNA samples obtained with three different filter types. These results were compared to visual observations uploaded to eBird (www.eBird.org) during the sampling period.Our results confirm the suitability of the BirT primer pair for bird eDNA metabarcoding with optimized fragment length, no amplification of key non-target groups, and taxonomic resolution provided by the amplified fragment. Albeit there are still substantial gaps in the 12S reference sequence database, the analysis of bird eDNA from water samples resulted in species-level taxonomic resolution for 92% of the detected taxa. All tested filter/filtration combinations delivered similar results for total read numbers per sample (mean: 613,972 ± 340,088 SD) and species detected per sample (mean: 5.5 ± 2.3 SD). Ninety-five percent of the bird detections were highly plausible and 58% confirmed by visual observations. The majority of the detected bird species was closely associated with aquatic habitats confirming the suitability of water samples for the detection of waterfowl and species inhabiting similar ecological niches via eDNA.
Impact of Ebola virus nucleoprotein on VP40 virus-like particle production: a computational approach
Authors: Liu Xiao , Stahelin Robert V. , Pienaar Elsje 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEbola virus (EBOV) protein VP40 can assemble and bud in the form of virus-like particles (VLPs) when expressed in the absence of other EBOV proteins in mammalian cells. When nucleoprotein (NP) is co-expressed, VLPs will contain inclusion-body (IB) cores, and VLP production can be increased. However, the mechanism of how NP impacts VLP production remains unclear. Here, we use a computational approach to study NP-VP40 interactions. We find that NP may enhance VLP production through stabilizing VP40 filaments and accelerating the VLP budding step. Also, both the relative timing and amount of NP expression compared to VP40 are important for the effective production of IB-containing VLPs. We further find that there exists an optimum NP/VP40 expression ratio, and that earlier expression of NP compared to VP40 will produce IB-containing VLPs more efficiently. We conclude that disrupting the relative timing and amount of NP and VP40 expression could provide new avenues to treat EBOV infection. This work provides quantitative insights into how EBOV proteins interact and how those interactions could impact virion generation and drug efficacy.
Phagocyte-expressed glycosaminoglycans promote capture of alphaviruses from the blood circulation in a host species-specific manner
Authors: Ander Stephanie E. , Parks M. Guston , Davenport Bennett J. , Li Frances S. , Bosco-Lauth Angela , Carpentier Kathryn S. , Sun Chengqun , Lucas Cormac J. , Klimstra William B. , Ebel Gregory D. , Morrison Thomas E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe magnitude and duration of vertebrate viremia are critical determinants of arbovirus transmission, geographic spread, and disease severity—yet, mechanisms determining arbovirus viremia levels are poorly defined. Previous studies have drawn associations between in vitro virion-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) interactions and in vivo clearance kinetics of virions from blood circulation. From these observations, it is commonly hypothesized that GAG-binding virions are rapidly removed from circulation due to ubiquitous expression of GAGs by vascular endothelial cells, thereby limiting viremia. Using an in vivo model for viremia, we compared the vascular clearance of low and enhanced GAG-binding viral variants of chikungunya (CHIKV), eastern-(EEEV), and Venezuelan-(VEEV) equine encephalitis viruses. We find GAG-binding virions are more quickly removed from circulation than their non-GAG-binding variant; however individual clearance kinetics vary between GAG-binding viruses, from swift (VEEV) to slow removal from circulation (EEEV). Remarkably, we find phagocytes are required for efficient vascular clearance of some enhanced GAG-binding virions. Moreover, transient depletion of vascular heparan sulfate (HS) impedes vascular clearance of only some GAG-binding viral variants and in a phagocyte-dependent manner, implying phagocytes can mediate vascular GAG-virion interactions. Finally, in direct contrast to mice, we find enhanced GAG-binding EEEV is resistant to vascular clearance in avian hosts, suggesting the existence of species-specificity in virion-GAG interactions. In summary, these data support a role for GAG-mediated clearance of some viral particles from the blood circulation, illuminate the potential of blood-contacting phagocytes as a site for GAG-virion binding, and suggest a role for species-specific GAG structures in arbovirus ecology.Significance StatementPreviously, evidence of arbovirus-GAG interactions in vivo has been limited to associations between viral residues shown to promote enhanced GAG-binding phenotypes in vitro and in vivo phenotypes of viral dissemination and pathogenesis. By directly manipulating host GAG expression, we identified virion-GAG interactions in vivo and discovered a role for phagocyte-expressed GAGs in viral vascular clearance. Moreover, we observe species-specific differences in viral vascular clearance of enhanced GAG-binding virions between murine and avian hosts. These data suggest species-specific variation in GAG structure is a mechanism to distinguish amplifying from dead-end hosts for arbovirus transmission.