bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chopart dislocations: a review of diagnosis, treatment and outcomes
Authors: Metcalfe Tobias S. N. , Aamir Junaid , Mason Lyndon W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Chopart injuries can be allocated into 4 broad groups, ligamentous injury with or without dislocation and fracture with or without dislocation, which must occur at the talonavicular joint (TNJ) and/or calcaneocuboid joint (CCJ). Chopart dislocations are comprised of pure-dislocations and fracture-dislocations. We aim to review the literature, to enable evidence-based recommendations.

Methods
A literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles from the electronic databases, PubMed, Medline and Scopus. The PRISMA flow chart was used to scrutinise the search results. Articles were screened by title, abstract and full text to confirm relevance.

Results
We identified 58 papers for analysis, 36 case reports, 4 cohort studies, 4 case series and 14 other articles related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of Chopart dislocations. Diagnostic recommendations included routine imaging to contain computed tomography (CT) and routine examination for compartment syndrome. Treatment recommendations included early anatomical reduction, with restoration and maintenance of column length and joint congruency. For both pure-dislocations and fracture-dislocations urgent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) provided the most favourable long-term outcomes.

Conclusions
Chopart dislocations are a complex heterogenous midfoot injury with historically poor outcomes. There is a relative paucity of research discussing these injuries. We have offered evidence-based recommendations related to the clinical and surgical management of these rare pathologies.
Prehabilitative versus rehabilitative exercise in prostate cancer patients undergoing prostatectomy
Authors: Singh Favil , Newton Robert U. , Taaffe Dennis R. , Lopez Pedro , Thavaseelan Jeff , Brown Matthew , Ooi Elayne , Nosaka Kazunori , Hayne Dickon , Galvão Daniel A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The study compared the efficacy of commencing supervised exercise in men with prostate cancer before and after prostatectomy on objective and patient-reported outcomes, hospital length of stay, and urinary incontinence.

Methods
Forty-one men were randomised to a 6-week prehabilitation or rehabilitation exercise programme. Prehabilitation involved resistance and aerobic exercise thrice weekly pre-surgery, while rehabilitation comprised the same commencing 6-weeks post-surgery. Assessments included strength, function (chair rise, stair climb, 400-m, 6-m usual, fast, and backwards walk), body composition, fatigue and quality of life, undertaken at pre-surgery, early post-surgery and late post-surgery phase, with urinary incontinence (24-h pad test) assessed at 2, 6, and 12-weeks post-surgery. Intention-to-treat and sensitivity analyses were undertaken.

Results
Of thirty-eight men (48–73 years), 29 completed all assessments with most undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (92.1%). In the pre-surgery phase, prehabilitation improved muscle strength (leg press: 17.2 kg; chest press: 2.9 kg; p ≤ 0.001), 400-m, chair rise, 6-m fast and backward walk tests (p ≤ 0.001–0.028). Strength and function declines in the early post-surgery phase were maintained late post-surgery. Rehabilitation showed declines of these outcomes after surgery with improvement late post-surgery (leg press: 14.6 kg, p < 0.001; chest press: 6.8 kg, p < 0.001; 400-m walk: -12.0 s, p = 0.005), resulting in no difference between groups at 12 weeks. There were no significant differences between groups for patient-reported outcomes, hospital length of stay or urinary incontinence.

Conclusion
Pre-surgical exercise enhanced strength and function, protecting against post-surgery declines. Although exercise post-surgery is beneficial for recouping strength and function, where possible men undergoing prostatectomy are encouraged to exercise pre-surgery.

Trial registration
ACTRN12617001115325 registered 31 July 2017.
Robotic versus laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in obese patients
Authors: Ausania Fabio , Landi Filippo , Martinie John B. , Vrochides Dionisios , Walsh Matthew , Hossain Shanaz M. , White Steven , Prabakaran Viswakumar , Melstrom Laleh G. , Fong Yuman , Butturini Giovanni , Bignotto Laura , Valle Valentina , Bing Yuntao , Xiu Dianrong , Di Franco Gregorio , Sanchez-Bueno Francisco , de’Angelis Nicola , Laurent Alexis , Giuliani Giuseppe , Pernazza Graziano , Esposito Alessandro , Salvia Roberto , Bazzocchi Francesca , Esposito Ludovica , Pietrabissa Andrea , Pugliese Luigi , Memeo Riccardo , Uyama Ichiro , Uchida Yuichiro , Rios José , Coratti Andrea , Morelli Luca , Giulianotti Pier C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Although robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP) has a lower conversion rate to open surgery and causes less blood loss than laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP), clear evidence on the impact of the surgical approach on morbidity is lacking. Prior studies have shown a higher rate of complications among obese patients undergoing pancreatectomy. The primary aim of this study is to compare short-term outcomes of RDP vs. LDP in patients with a BMI ≥ 30.

Methods
In this multicenter study, all obese patients who underwent RDP or LDP for any indication between 2012 and 2022 at 18 international expert centers were included. The baseline characteristics underwent inverse probability treatment weighting to minimize allocation bias.

Results
Of 446 patients, 219 (50.2%) patients underwent RDP. The median age was 60 years, the median BMI was 33 (31–36), and the preoperative diagnosis was ductal adenocarcinoma in 21% of cases. The conversion rate was 19.9%, the overall complication rate was 57.8%, and the 90-day mortality rate was 0.7% (3 patients). RDP was associated with a lower complication rate (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52–0.89; p = 0.005), less blood loss (150 vs. 200 ml; p < 0.001), fewer blood transfusion requirements (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.15–0.50; p < 0.001) and a lower Comprehensive Complications Index (8.7 vs. 8.9, p < 0.001) than LPD. RPD had a lower conversion rate (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.19–0.39; p < 0.001) and achieved better spleen preservation rate (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.13–3.39; p = 0.016) than LPD.

Conclusions
In obese patients, RDP is associated with a lower conversion rate, fewer complications and better short-term outcomes than LPD.
Oral health conditions in patients under antiresorptive therapy are comparable to unexposed during supportive periodontal care
Authors: Ciardo Antonio , Simon Marlinde M. , Awounvo Sinclair , Kim Ti-Sun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients under antiresorptive therapy (ART) during supportive periodontal care (SPC) considering history of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).

Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients (50 receiving ART (exposed) and 50 without ART (unexposed)) in regular SPC were enrolled for a clinical oral examination and the evaluation of OHRQoL using the OHIP-G14-questionnaire. History of MRONJ was assessed by anamnesis and reviewing patient records.

Results
There were no statistically significant group differences in age (exposed: 70.00 ± 9.07 versus unexposed: 71.02 ± 8.22 years), sex, distribution of systemic diseases and duration of SPC (on average 8.61 ± 5.73 years). Number of teeth (21.02 ± 5.84 versus 21.40 ± 5.42), DMFT (18.38 ± 3.85 versus 17.96 ± 4.08), probing pocket depth (2.31 ± 0.20 versus 2.38 ± 0.26), clinical attachment level (3.25 ± 0.76 versus 3.46 ± 0.58) and bleeding on probing (15.07 ± 11.53 versus 15.77 ± 13.08) were also not significantly different. The OHIP-G14 sum-score was significantly higher in exposed participants (6.10 ± 6.76 versus 3.62 ± 5.22, p = 0.043). History of MRONJ was prevalent in 8% of patients under ART. Periodontal/peri-implant-related MRONJ were reported in three participants with cancer (n = 1 before and n = 2 after active periodontal therapy). History of MRONJ due to endodontic/restorative reasons was reported in one patient with osteoporosis.

Conclusions
Patients under ART in SPC demonstrated similar clinical periodontal and dental status but lower OHRQoL compared to unexposed (not statistically significant). Patient awareness of the MRONJ-risk and appropriate preventive measures should be ensured.

Clinical relevance
SPC in osteoporotic patients under ART appeared safe regarding MRONJ, but further investigations on the MRONJ-risk in patients with different risk-profiles are necessary.
Study registration: clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT04192188).
Structure/function studies of the NAD+-dependent DNA ligase from the poly-extremophile Deinococcus radiodurans reveal importance of the BRCT domain for DNA binding
Authors: Fernandes Andreia , Williamson Adele , Matias Pedro M. , Moe Elin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBacterial NAD+-dependent DNA ligases (LigAs) are enzymes involved in replication, recombination, and DNA-repair processes by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds in the backbone of DNA. These multidomain proteins exhibit four modular domains, that are highly conserved across species, with the BRCT (breast cancer type 1 C-terminus) domain on the C-terminus of the enzyme. In this study, we expressed and purified both recombinant full-length and a C-terminally truncated LigA from Deinococcus radiodurans (DrLigA and DrLigA∆BRCT) and characterized them using biochemical and X-ray crystallography techniques. Using seeds of DrLigA spherulites, we obtained ≤ 100 µm plate crystals of DrLigA∆BRCT. The crystal structure of the truncated protein was obtained at 3.4 Å resolution, revealing DrLigA∆BRCT in a non-adenylated state. Using molecular beacon-based activity assays, we demonstrated that DNA ligation via nick sealing remains unaffected in the truncated DrLigA∆BRCT. However, DNA-binding assays revealed a reduction in the affinity of DrLigA∆BRCT for dsDNA. Thus, we conclude that the flexible BRCT domain, while not critical for DNA nick-joining, plays a role in the DNA binding process, which may be a conserved function of the BRCT domain in LigA-type DNA ligases.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of two combined β-lactamase inhibitors against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Domínguez Andrea Vila , Panadero Irene Molina , Smani Younes 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of clavulanic acid (C/A) in combination with tazobactam against clinical strains of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The MIC of 24 clinical strains of A. baumannii was determined, and a checkerboard assay and time-kill curve analysis were performed in selected strains to determine the synergy between C/A and tazobactam. The efficacy of C/A in monotherapy and in combination with tazobactam was evaluated in vitro in cell culture experiments and in a murine peritoneal sepsis model. The C/A and C/A plus tazobactam MIC50 were 128 and <1 mg/L, respectively. The checkerboard assay showed that tazobactam (4 and 8 mg/L) demonstrated synergy with C/A against A. baumannii Ab40, an OXA-24 producer strain, and Ab293, a lacking OXA β-lactamase strain. The time-kill curve assay showed both bactericidal and synergistic effects against Ab40 and Ab293, with C/A 1xMIC and tazobactam (4 and 8 mg/L) at 24 h. In the murine peritoneal sepsis model with Ab293 strain, the combination of C/A and tazobactam reduced bacterial loads in tissues and blood by 2 and 4 log10 CFU/g or mL compared with C/A alone. Combining C/A with tazobactam could be considered as a potential alternative strategy to treat A. baumannii in some cases, and future work with more strains is needed to confirm this possibility.
Production of crude oil from industrial wastes and wastewaters by hydrothermal liquefaction
Authors: Mascarell J. J. , Ruiz-Jorge F. J. , Abelleira-Pereira Jose M. , Portela Juan R. , Martínez de la Ossa Enrique J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) is a promising thermochemical treatment suitable for the valorization of a wide variety of organic wastes and wastewaters. Many research studies have demonstrated the suitability of HTL to produce bio-oil from biomass wastes, but few works have focused on the application of HTL to industrial wastes and wastewaters. The objective and novelty of this work are the study of HTL suitability over a specific selection of industrial residues that present notable drawbacks when treated by conventional waste management methods, including technical problems or high costs. Most of the wastes presented poor results from the technical or energetical point of view. However, liquid surfactant wastewaters were successfully treated by HTL at 300ºC and 100 bar in a 300 mL stirred batch reactor, producing a crude oil yield of around 16%, with a High Heating Value (HHV) of up to 30 MJ/kg. The composition and quality of the crude oils obtained have also been determined and compared against conventional biomass fuels.
Graphical abstract
A Millifluidic Chamber for Controlled Shear Stress Testing: Application to Microbial Cultures
Authors: Biagini Francesco , Botte Ermes , Calvigioni Marco , De Maria Carmelo , Mazzantini Diletta , Celandroni Francesco , Ghelardi Emilia , Vozzi Giovanni 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn vitro platforms such as bioreactors and microfluidic devices are commonly designed to engineer tissue models as well as to replicate the crosstalk between cells and microorganisms hosted in the human body. These systems promote nutrient supply and waste removal through culture medium recirculation; consequently, they intrinsically expose cellular structures to shear stress, be it a desired mechanical stimulus to drive the cell fate or a potential inhibitor for the model maturation. Assessing the impact of shear stress on cellular or microbial cultures thus represents a crucial step to define proper environmental conditions for in vitro models. In this light, the aim of this study was to develop a millifluidic device enabling to generate fully controlled shear stress profiles for quantitatively probing its influence on tissue or bacterial models, overcoming the limitations of previous reports proposing similar devices. Relying on this millifluidic tool, we present a systematic methodology to test how adherent cellular structures react to shear forces, which was applied to the case of microbial biofilms as a proof of concept. The results obtained suggest our approach as a suitable testbench to evaluate culture conditions in terms of shear stress faced by cells or microorganisms.Graphical Abstract
Medical students’ views on what professionalism means: an Ubuntu perspective
Authors: Mokhachane Mantoa , Green-Thompson Lionel , George Ann , Wyatt Tasha , Kuper Ayelet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMedical training has become a global phenomenon, and the Physician’s Charter (PC), as a missionary document, is key to training those outside the Global North. Undergraduate and postgraduate students in the medical profession are sometimes trained in contexts foreign to their social and ontological backgrounds. This might lead to confusion and blunders, creating an impression of what might look and feel unprofessional to those unfamiliar with the local context. Understanding the cultural backgrounds of the trainees is crucial, and the reverse is also as important. It is essential for clinicians and trainees to understand the cultural backgrounds of their patients to avoid miscommunication. In this phenomenological study, we recruited participants in 2020 who were in their first to fourth year of study of medical training during the #FeesMustFall protests. We used data from this extensive study looking at students’ experiences during their training amidst protest and social upheavals in a South African tertiary institution. For this paper, we examined what professionalism means to the student participants using an African Ubuntu lens. Ubuntu and the Collective Finger theory were used to investigate what professionalism means to participants. The Ubuntu philosophy was compared to the PC. In the findings, the clinical space is hierarchical, silencing and the opposite of what Ubuntu means. In comparison to the PC, respect is overarching while compassion and responsibility are the most comparable to the Charter. This study adds an African voice to the professionalism discourse while showing African elements that could be aligned to the PC to challenge the current global discourses.
Accelerator-mediated access to investors among early-stage start-ups
Authors: Dalle Jean-Michel , den Besten Matthijs , Morfin Jeremie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study start-up accelerators, a new type of entrepreneurial support organization characterized by its coaching of regular cohorts of startup founders, that developed rapidly after pioneer accelerator Y-Combinator, founded in 2005, had ‘accelerated’ success stories Dropbox and AirBnB among others. We suggest that accelerators can be analysed as platforms whose function is to relate start-ups and investors within entrepreneurial ecosystems. According to our analysis, leading accelerators play a mediating role in enabling entrepreneurs to attract investors with a higher profile than they would have otherwise. Using propensity score matching, we compare participants to several accelerator programs in North America with similar non-participating start-ups. We measure the prominence of their investors using their centrality in the investor-network. For several top-tier accelerators, we observe that start-ups who participated in their programs attracted higher profile investors than other similar start-ups that were not accelerated. Furthermore, among accelerators, pioneer Y-Combinator appears to benefit from a winner-takes-all effect, which is typical of platform competition: Not only do investors it connects its participant startups to appear to be of a higher profile, but it is also the only accelerator in our sample whose participants gain access to an amount of early-stage funding that is significantly higher than those raised by the control group.
Guidelines for Evaluating the Comparability of Down-Sampled GWAS Summary Statistics
Authors: Williams Camille M. , Poore Holly , Tanksley Peter T. , Kweon Hyeokmoon , Courchesne-Krak Natasia S. , Londono-Correa Diego , Mallard Travis T. , Barr Peter , Koellinger Philipp D. , Waldman Irwin D. , Sanchez-Roige Sandra , Harden K. Paige , Palmer Abraham A. , Dick Danielle M. , Karlsson Linnér Richard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProprietary genetic datasets are valuable for boosting the statistical power of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), but their use can restrict investigators from publicly sharing the resulting summary statistics. Although researchers can resort to sharing down-sampled versions that exclude restricted data, down-sampling reduces power and might change the genetic etiology of the phenotype being studied. These problems are further complicated when using multivariate GWAS methods, such as genomic structural equation modeling (Genomic SEM), that model genetic correlations across multiple traits. Here, we propose a systematic approach to assess the comparability of GWAS summary statistics that include versus exclude restricted data. Illustrating this approach with a multivariate GWAS of an externalizing factor, we assessed the impact of down-sampling on (1) the strength of the genetic signal in univariate GWASs, (2) the factor loadings and model fit in multivariate Genomic SEM, (3) the strength of the genetic signal at the factor level, (4) insights from gene-property analyses, (5) the pattern of genetic correlations with other traits, and (6) polygenic score analyses in independent samples. For the externalizing GWAS, although down-sampling resulted in a loss of genetic signal and fewer genome-wide significant loci; the factor loadings and model fit, gene-property analyses, genetic correlations, and polygenic score analyses were found robust. Given the importance of data sharing for the advancement of open science, we recommend that investigators who generate and share down-sampled summary statistics report these analyses as accompanying documentation to support other researchers’ use of the summary statistics.
Entanglement of Observables: Quantum Conditional Probability Approach
Authors: Khrennikov Andrei , Basieva Irina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to clarification of the notion of entanglement through decoupling it from the tensor product structure and treating as a constraint posed by probabilistic dependence of quantum observable A and B. In our framework, it is meaningless to speak about entanglement without pointing to the fixed observables A and B, so this is AB-entanglement. Dependence of quantum observables is formalized as non-coincidence of conditional probabilities. Starting with this probabilistic definition, we achieve the Hilbert space characterization of the AB-entangled states as amplitude non-factorisable states. In the tensor product case, AB-entanglement implies standard entanglement, but not vise verse. AB-entanglement for dichotomous observables is equivalent to their correlation, i.e., $$\langle AB\rangle _{\psi} \not = \langle A\rangle _{\psi} \langle B\rangle _{\psi} .$$

⟨
A
B
⟩

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≠

⟨
A
⟩

ψ

⟨
B
⟩

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.

We describe the class of quantum states that are $$A_{u} B_{u}$$

A
u

B
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-entangled for a family of unitary operators (u). Finally, observables entanglement is compared with dependence of random variables in classical probability theory.