bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystalline monolayer graphdiyne synthesized in the MXene interlayer space
Authors: Li Jiaqiang , Cao Haicheng , Wang Qingxiao , Zhang Hui , Liu Qing , Chen Cailing , Li Guanxing , Kong Ya , Cai Yichen , Shen Jie , Lai Zhiping , Wu Ying , Zhang Jin , Han Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY) is an artificial carbon allotrope that is conceptually similar to graphene but composed of sp- and sp2-hybridized carbon atoms. Monolayer GDY (ML-GDY) is predicted to be an ideal two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor material with a wide range of applications. However, its preparation has not been achieved experimentally due to difficulties with synthesis. Here, we report that in-situ polymerization of hexaethynylbenzene within the sub-nanometer interlayer space of MXene can effectively prevent out-of-plane growth or vertical stacking of the material, resulting in crystalline ML-GDY. The subsequent exfoliation process successfully yields free-standing GDY monolayers with micrometer-scale lateral dimensions. The fabrication of field-effect transistor on free-standing ML-GDY makes the first measurement of its electronic properties possible. The measured electrical conductivity (5.1×103 S m-1) and carrier mobility (231.4 cm2 V−1 s−1) at room temperature are remarkably higher than those of the previously reported multilayer GDY materials. The space-constrained synthesis using layered crystals as templates provides a new strategy for preparing 2D materials with precisely controlled layer numbers and long-range structural order.
Risk definers and social discourse of GM foods–a comparative analysis of the People's Daily and the New York Times
Authors: Wang Di , Li Yinyun , Mao Zhifei , He Mengfan , Hon Chitin , Liu Zige 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Consumers’ understanding of genetic modified foods (GM foods)’s risk and benefits is influenced by the media. Literature on GM foods reports often examined article tones in general, omitting the differences of various social actors’ attitudes. To explore such differences, we conducted a comparative framing analysis of news reports on genetically modified (GM) foods in the United States and China, two large markets of GM foods, to examine (1) the use of frames on GM foods; (2) who has more power in defining the risks of GM foods and (3) the tones towards GM foods in each country. By content analyzing 230 news articles on GM foods from 2014–2019, including 109 from the People’s Daily and 121 from the New York Times, we identified the frames, sources, and tones of each article. We also identified 1,297 sources and their corresponding 1,288 assertions from the 230 news articles to examine the tones of each source. Results showed that the People’s Daily used more treatment responsibility and information frames than the New York Times, while the latter used more conflict, human impact, and causal responsibility frames than the former. While both newspapers published predominantly neutral articles, the New York Times was more likely to publish anti-GM food articles, while the People’s Daily were more likely to publish pro-GM food articles. The New York Times used more diverse sources than the People’s Daily. The former used more anti-GM food sources, while the latter cited more neutral sources.
Fundamental Processes in an Induction Lamp
Authors: Halima Ahlem Ben , Abdelmlak Ben , Sammoudi Bousselham , Araoud Zouhour , Charrada Kamel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the kinetic study in an inductive discharge lamp. Numerical simulation of electron density and other parameters that characterize the plasma are discussed and their values are compared with what is expected in inductive plasma and which show a good agreement considering the electron density and the electron temperature values . Such research allows us to understand the relationship between the radial distribution of electronic temperature and the electrical density of the lamp and the frequency of operation. The influence of the current is presented and the performance of the lamp can be found.
Characteristics of soil organic carbon distribution in different economic forests in Gangu County, Gansu Province, China
Authors: Liu Minxia , Mi Jiale , Wang Siyuan , Xiao Shirui , Li Le 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
SOC (Soil organic carbon) is an important indicator of soil nutrients and is essential for maintaining ecosystem functions and preventing land degradation. In this study, five types of economic forest plots were selected as sample plots (Malus pumila, Juglans regia, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Prunus persica, and Prunus armeniaca) in Gangu County, Gansu Province, and wasteland was used as a control to investigate the changes of soil organic carbon content in 0-100 cm of different economic forests in Gangu County. The results showed that the soil organic carbon content of different economic forests in Gangu County ranged from 9.17 ± 0.15–17.20 ± 0.13 g/kg, and the soil organic carbon content at 0-100 cm depth ranged from high to low: apple (Malus pumila), pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum), walnut (Juglans regia), apricot (Prunus armeniaca), peach (Prunus persica) and wasteland. The SOC content of the five forest types and the wasteland showed apparent surface aggregation, with the highest SOC content of 17.20 g/kg for Malus pumila and the lowest SOC content of 12.65 g/kg for the wasteland in the 0–10 cm surface layer; in the 80–100 cm deep layer, the highest SOC content of 14.90 g/kg for Juglans regia and the lowest SOC content of 9.17 g/kg for the wasteland. SWC (Soil water concent, SWC) and S-UE were the most influential factors on the SOC content of Juglans regia; S-CAT (Soil catalase, S-CAT) was the most influential factor on the SOC content of Malus pumila; SBD (Soil bulk density, SBD) was the most influential factor on the SOC content of Prunus armeniaca, Prunus persica, and Zanthoxylum bungeanum; the SOC content of the control wasteland was more influenced by S-CAT and soil fungi. The number of S-CAT and soil fungi more influenced the SOC content of the control wasteland. Overall, the mean SOC content of Malus pumila and Prunus persica in 0-100 cm soils is relatively high among the five economic forest species. Therefore, Malus pumila is the preferred choice for economic forest planting in Gangu County. In the future economic development and ecological restoration practice of Gangu County, it is recommended to plant a mixed forest planting pattern of Malus pumila and Zanthoxylum bungeanum, which is conducive to improving the potential carbon sink function of economic forests in the region.
Assessing the Practical Application of Imaging Mass Cytometry for Visualizing Tumor Immune Microenvironment Heterogeneity
Authors: Huang Shengtao , Zhou Tianhao , Du Shaoqiang , Li Shanhe , Li Ning , Xv Ziqi , Jiang Mengyi , Zhu Ying , Yang Chaoyong , Wang Hongxia , Ding Xianting , Tang Lei , Zang Lijuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Analyses of immune cell subsets and immune indices are gaining in importance. By combining molecular probe and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with laser ablation, the imaging mass cytometry (IMC) offers spatially high-dimensional in situ measurements in tissue slides with a cell resolution of 1µm. The most critical challenge is how to implement stringent quality control strategies during application of IMC to facilitate reproducible data analysis.
METHODS
We discussed the multi-step experimental processing procedures of IMC, including specimen preparation, panel design, antibody selection, lanthanide metal labeling and data pre-processing workflows by IHC and fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) analysis. Based on IMC, we developed a standard operation and well-established agreement for 29 BC patients to identify a structured tumor immune microenvironment.
RESULTS
Metal labeling does not affect the antibodies target specificity (p > 0.05). The 3 µm-thick formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and fresh-frozen slides exhibited the least blur (p < 0.01) and the lowest nonspecific adsorption of antibodies (p < 0.01). Detailed analysis of human BC tissues revealed a wide range of differences in the composition and frequency of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment.
CONCLUSIONS
This study offered optimized proposals on procedures for IMC analysis as well as a standard quality control strategy.
A Mini-review on Potentials Proteins/Peptides Applied for Serodiagnosis
of Human Monkeypox Infection and Future Trends
Authors: Moraes Fellipe Alexandre Alves , Duarte Caíque Lopes , Fernandes Gabriel Oliveira , Lisboa Ribeiro Lucas Antônio , Rodrigues Luciana Martins , dos Santos Lacerda Junivania Aparecida , Silva Líria Souza , da Silva Jonatas Oliveira , dos Santos Michelli , da Silva Dantas Alessandra , Chávez-Fumagalli Miguel Angel , Campos-da-Paz Mariana , Giunchetti Rodolfo Cordeiro , Ferraz Coelho Eduardo Antônio , Machado Juliana Martins , Galdino Alexsandro Sobreira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Monkeypox is a zoonosis that re-emerged in 2022, generating cases in non-endemic
countries for the disease and creating a public health issue. The rapid increase in the number of cases
kindles a need for quick, inexpensive diagnostic tests for the epidemiological control of the disease.
The high cost of molecular tests can make this control more difficult to access in poorer regions, with
immunological tests being a more viable option. In this mini-review, a search was conducted in the
main databases for peptide and protein options that could be used in the development of serological
diagnostic tests. Nine viable registres were found, and seven were selected (two patents and five
studies). The main studies used the B21R peptide sequence as it is a high immunogenic epitope. In
addition, studies on the improvement of these sequences were also found to avoid cross-reactions
against other viruses of the same family, proposing a rational approach using multiepitope
recombinant proteins. These approaches demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity values and are
seen as viable options for developing new tests. New effective serological testing options, when
combined with awareness, disease surveillance, early diagnosis, and rapid communication, form a set
of key strategies used by health systems to control the spread of the monkeypox virus.
NF-κB as a Potential Target for the Treatment and Prevention of
Mucositis
Authors: Abeesh Prathapan , Guruvayoorappan Chandrasekaran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Mucositis is a debilitating and severe side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is
responsible for reducing the patient's quality of life and represents a significant economic burden
in oncology. Currently, there is no definitive and definite treatment for this disease. Intracellular
signalling pathways have provided excellent drug development resources, particularly cancer therapeutic
development. In recent decades, active research has been conducted to describe the pathogenesis
of mucositis and the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathways in mucositis
development. Insights into the mechanisms of mucositis are creating new approaches for
effective targeted treatment and their success in clinical use. Several studies have concentrated on
elucidating the functional significance of NF-kB activation and its signalling mechanisms in mucositis
in recent decades. Also, evidence indicates that NF-κB is the primary node for the development
and progression of mucositis. Its altered expression is associated with increased mucosal
injury in mucositis. Hence, regulating the activation of NF-κB could be a powerful strategy for the
clinical management of mucositis. Thus, this review examines the role of NF-κB as a potential
therapeutic target for chemotherapy and radiation-induced mucositis therapy.
Mammalian Stable Cell Platforms for Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus
(rAAV) Production: Development Strategies and their Impact on Viral
Productivity
Authors: Fernandes Sofia , Diogo Joana , Coroadinha Ana Sofia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are widely used as a recombinant vectors in gene therapy.
AAVs are non-pathogenic. They present reduced cytotoxicity and can transduce both dividing and
non-dividing cells. The existence of different serotypes provides flexibility for targeting different tissues
and organs. Its therapeutic success was already shown by the approval of three products by the
European and American regulatory agencies. To satisfy the high dosage, safety, and reproducibility
required in each clinical trial, production platforms based on stable mammalian cell lines have been
proposed as the best strategy. However, the methodologies employed must be adapted to each cell
line, which often results in distinct productivities. In this article, we review the published and commercially
available mammalian stable cell lines, discussing the key factors that impact viral production
yields, such as integration sites and copy numbers.
MicroRNA-34c-5p Reduces Malignant Properties of Lung Cancer
Cells through Regulation of TBL1XR1/Wnt/β-catenin Signaling
Authors: Lai Weiqiang , Yue Yonghong , Zeng Ganhua 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Lung cancer is common cancer with high mortality. A growing
number of studies have focused on investigating the regulatory effects of microRNAs
(miRs/miRNAs) during cancer progression. Nevertheless, the biological function of miR-
34c-5p in lung cancer and the underlying mechanism have not been determined. This
study explored the effect of miR-34c-5p on the malignant behaviors of lung cancer cells.

Methods:
In this study, we utilized diverse public databases to obtain differentially
expressed miRNAs. Then, qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to determine
miR-34c-5p and transducin β-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) expression. Next,
H1299 and H460 cells were transfected with miR-34c-5p-mimic and pcDNA3.1-
TBL1XR1. To examine the anticancer effects of miR-34c-5p, CCK-8, scratch, and
Matrigel-Transwell assays were conducted to test cell viability, migration, and invasion,
respectively. The StarBase database and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were used
to predict and verify the relationship between miR-34c-5p and TBL1XR1.

Results:
Finally, Wnt/β-catenin signaling- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-
related protein levels were detected using western blot. The results demonstrated that
miR-34c-5p was poorly expressed in lung cancer cells, while TBL1XR1 was highly
expressed. The findings also confirmed the direct interaction between miR-34c-5p and
TBL1XR1. In H1299 and H460 cells, miR-34c-5p overexpression inhibited cell
proliferation, migration, and invasion, Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity, and EMT, while
TBL1XR1 upregulation reversed these effects of miR-34c-5p overexpression.

Conclusion:
These findings illustrated that miR-34c-5p might repress the malignant
behaviors of lung cancer cells via TBL1XR1, providing evidence for miR-34c-5p-based
lung cancer therapy.
Synthesis of Some New 1,2,4-triazole Schiff Bases and their Antibacterial
Activity Studies
Authors: Sim Kooi-Mow , Hoor Yin-Haw , Boo Xin-Lik , Teh Chor-Chin , Lai Shih-Nee , Teh Chor-Pey , Teo Kah-Cheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
A new 4-amino-5-mercapto-3-[(1H-indol-3-yl)propyl]-1,2,4-triazole was synthesized from
the fusion of indole-3-butyric acid with thiocarbohydrazide. The reaction of 1,2,4-triazole with a series
of benzaldehydes afforded the corresponding Schiff bases (2a-2s). All the synthesized compounds
were evaluated for their antibacterial activities using a 96-well microbroth dilution assay. The results
of the antibacterial activity revealed that Schiff base 2p with both chloro groups at meta and para positions
of the phenyl exhibited significant inhibition against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus
at MIC 9.11 μmol/mL and against Bacillus subtilis spizizenni at 18.20 μmol/mL.
Clinical and Structural Factors Affecting Ablation Outcomes in Atrial
Fibrillation Patients - A Review
Authors: Brilliant Justin , Yadav Ritu , Akhtar Tauseef , Calkins Hugh , Trayanova Natalia , Spragg David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Catheter ablation is an effective and durable treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Ablation outcomes vary widely, with optimal results in patients with paroxysmal AF and diminishing results in patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF. A number of clinical factors including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, and alcohol use contribute to AF recurrence following ablation, likely through modulation of the atrial electro-anatomic substrate. In this article, we review the clinical risk factors and the electro-anatomic features that contribute to AF recurrence in patients undergoing ablation for AF.
Development and Characterization of Febuxostat Loaded Floating Beads
as Gastro-retentive Drug Delivery System in the Treatment of Gout: A
Statistical Approach
Authors: Kathota Ravina , Modi Chetna , Thakkar Vaishali , Rana Hardik , Patel Ayushi 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Febuxostat is a BCS class-II drug, used in the treatment of gout. However,
because of its lower solubility, a higher and more frequent dose of the drug is required in the treatment.

Objective:
The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate febuxostat-loaded floating beads
as a gastro-retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) to target drug release up to 24hr in order to enhance
bioavailability.

Methodology:
Gastro-retentive floating beads were formulated using the ionotropic gelation method.
Screening of lipids was carried out based on the shape and texture of floating beads. Drug-excipient
compatibility study was done using DSC analysis. Further optimization of gastro-retentive floating
beads of febuxostat was performed by Box-Behnken design using gelucire 43/01, lactose, and soluplus
as independent variables and %drug entrapment and %drug release after 24 hr as dependent variables.
Evaluation of the optimized batch was performed for in vitro buoyancy, %drug entrapment, %drug release,
FTIR, and SEM study.

Result and Discussion:
In the ANOVA, contour plots, and 3D surface plots, the optimized batch
showed 93.95±0.29 % drug entrapment and 88.14±0.58 % drug release after 24 hr with 98%±1% invitro
buoyancy. Overlay plots and checkpoint batches were accompanied to confirm the optimization.
Polynomial equations proved the positive effect of lipids on drug entrapment and drug release. SEM
images explained porous and microstructures on beads.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, gastro-retentive febuxostat floating beads were successfully developed
and characterized for once a daily dose with enhanced bioavailability and reduced cost of therapy.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates:
Involvement of AcrAB and OqxAB Efflux Pumps
Authors: AlMatar Manaf , Albarri Osman , Var Işil , Köksal Fatih 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Over the last several decades, the AcrAB and OqxAB efflux pumps have been found to cause multidrug resistance (MDR) in various bacteria, most notably Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotic resistance surges with increased expression of the acrAB and oqxAB efflux pumps.

Methods:
In accordance with CLSI guidelines, a disk diffusion test was carried out using 50 K. pneumoniae isolates obtained from various clinical samples. CT was computed in treated samples and compared to a susceptible ciprofloxacin strain (A111). The final finding is presented as the fold change in the target gene's expression in treated samples relative to a control sample (A111), normalized to a reference gene. As CT=0 and 20 equals one, relative gene expression for reference samples is often set to 1.

Results:
The highest rates of resistance were recognized with cefotaxime (100%), cefuroxime (100%), cefepime (100%), levofloxacin (98%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (80%), and gentamicin (72%), whereas imipenem (34%) had the lowest rates. Overexpression of acrA and acrB, oqxA and oqxB, regulators marA, soxS, and rarA were greater in ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates compared to the reference strain (strain A111). There was also a moderate connection between ciprofloxacin MIC and acrAB gene expression and a moderate connection between ciprofloxacin MIC and oqxAB gene expression.

Conclusion:
This work provides a deeper knowledge of the role of efflux pump genes, particularly acrAB and oqxAB, as well as transcriptional regulators marA, soxS, and rarA, in bacterial resistance to ciprofloxacin.
Thermal Analysis and Biocidal Studies of Copper (II) Soapgroundnut
Complex Containing Urea and Thiourea as a Ligand
Authors: Meena Asha , Sharma Rashmi , Sukhadia Vandana 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Studies on the thermal decomposition of synthesized complexes
have great importance for calculating the thermal stability and characterization of copper
(II) soap complexes, and represent new investigations on the solution of environmental
problems.

Aim:
The present research work aims to report new findings in the field of thermogravimetric
analysis and biocidal studies for copper (II) groundnut complexes with urea and thiourea
ligands.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to conduct the kinetic analysis of copper (II)
soap complexes of nitrogen and sulphur-containing ligands with the help of a thermogravimetric
analyser (TGA), as this technique is commonly applied for thermal analysis.

Methods:
In relevance of aforesaid applications, the present work deals with determining
the different thermal degradation steps of newly synthesized copper (II) groundnut urea
complex (CGU) and copper (II) groundnut thiourea complex (CGT) by using Coats-
Redfern, Horowitz-Metzger, Broido, and Piloyan-Novikova equations for determining kinetic
parameters, i.e., the energy of activation (E), rate constant, order of decomposition
reaction, and pre-exponential factor (Z).

Results:
The results obtained from kinetic parameters were used to evaluate the thermodynamic
parameters, i.e., entropy of activation (ΔS), enthalpy of activation (ΔH), and Gibbs
free energy of activation (ΔG), corresponding to the activation by using previously mentioned
equations. Kinetics of degradation for the synthesized complexes in solid state were
studied using thermogravimetric analysis technique (TGA) in nitrogen atmosphere.

Conclusion:
The present study has discussed the biocidal activities of these complexes
against Staphylococcus aureus and an explicit correlation between structure and biological
activity has also been provided.