bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From skin to microscope, case report of a rare manifestation of tophaceous gout: Miliary gout
Authors: Théau Cavillon , Pauline Berthe , Emilie Chotard , Pascal Guggenbuhl , François Robin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJoint symptoms associated with gout, mostly characterized by joint flare‐ups, are well known. Tophi represent the main cutaneous manifestation of gout, most often associated with a chronic and inadequately controlled disease. On rare occasions, atypical skin manifestations may occur. We present the case of a miliary form of gout in a 36‐year‐old man known to have hyperuricemia. Microscopic direct analysis of the skin material revealed the presence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. Rash disappeared with corticosteroid therapy in parallel with joint symptoms recovery. Knowledge of this unusual gout‐related skin disease is essential to diagnosing uncommon presentations of gout, which sometimes occur before joint symptoms. This case highlights the importance of sampling any skin lesion suspected of being tophus, for MSU crystal identification, and provides a definitive diagnosis.
Comparison of clinical and laboratory features and treatment responses in patients with clinically amyopathic juvenile dermatomyositis and classical juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Gezgin Yıldırım Deniz , Baglan Esra , Güngörer Vildan , Yıldız Cisem , Tuncez Serife , Bülbül Mehmet , Acar Banu , Bakkaloğlu Sevcan A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory features, treatment choices and responses, and outcomes between patients with clinically amyopathic juvenile dermatomyositis (CAJDM) and classical juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with CAJDM and JDM, and compared the 2 groups' clinical and laboratory data, treatment agents and responses, and outcomes.ResultsThere were 38 JDM and 12 CAJDM patients, with female dominance. There was a higher delay time in diagnosis for CAJDM (P = 0.000). Compared to other clinical symptoms of JDM, muscle weakness and myalgia were more prominent in JDM than in CAJDM (P = 0.000). The absolute lymphocyte count was lower (P = 0.034) in patients with JDM than in those with CAJDM. Anti‐p155/140 (TIF‐1) antibody positivity was significantly more common in the CAJDM group (P = 0.000), while anti‐NXP2 antibody was more common in the JDM group (P = 0.046). In terms of treatment, pulse corticosteroid usage was more common in patients with JDM than in those with CAJDM (P = 0.000).ConclusionClose clinical follow‐ups with effective treatments are important to prevent complications, such as calcinosis and skin ulcers, that may develop in patients with poorly controlled CAJDM. Anti‐p155/140 antibodies may be a useful indicator for detecting amyopathic forms of dermatomyositis in children.
Prognostic impact of LILRB4 expression on tumor‐infiltrating cells in resected non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kumata Sakiko , Notsuda Hirotsugu , Su Mei‐Tzu , Saito‐Koyama Ryoko , Tanaka Ryota , Suzuki Yuyo , Funahashi Junichi , Endo Shota , Yokota Isao , Takai Toshiyuki , Okada Yoshinori 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeukocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptor subfamily B member 4 (LILRB4/ILT3) is an up‐and‐coming molecule that promotes immune evasion. We have previously reported that LILRB4 facilitates myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)‐mediated tumor metastasis in mice. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the LILRB4 expression levels on tumor‐infiltrating cells on the prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsWe immunohistochemically evaluated the LILRB4 expression levels of completely resected 239 NSCLC specimens. Whether the blocking of LILRB4 on human PBMC‐derived CD33+ MDSCs inhibited the migration ability of lung cancer cells was also examined using transwell migration assay.ResultsThe LILRB4 high group, in which patients with a high LILRB4 expression level on tumor‐infiltrating cells, showed a shorter overall survival (OS) (p = 0.013) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) (p = 0.0017) compared to the LILRB4 low group. Multivariate analyses revealed that a high LILRB4 expression was an independent factor for postoperative recurrence, poor OS and RFS. Even in the cohort background aligned by propensity score matching, OS (p = 0.023) and RFS (p = 0.0046) in the LILRB4 high group were shorter than in the LILRB4 low group. Some of the LILRB4 positive cells were positive for MDSC markers, CD33 and CD14. Transwell migration assay demonstrated that blocking LILRB4 significantly inhibited the migration of human lung cancer cells cocultured with CD33+ MDSCs.ConclusionTogether, signals through LILRB4 on tumor‐infiltrating cells, including MDSCs, play an essential role in promoting tumor evasion and cancer progression, impacting the recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with resected NSCLC.
Modelling the dynamics of senescence spread
Authors: Martin Lucy , Schumacher Linus , Chandra Tamir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCellular senescence is a cell surveillance mechanism that arrests the cell cycle in damaged cells. The senescent phenotype can spread from cell to cell through paracrine and juxtacrine signalling, but the dynamics of this process are not well understood. Although senescent cells are important in ageing, wound healing and cancer, it is unclear how the spread of senescence is contained in senescent lesions. In the absence of the immune system, senescence could theoretically spread infinitely from one cell to another, but this contradicts experimental evidence. To investigate this issue, we developed both a minimal mathematical model and a stochastic simulation of senescence spread. Our results suggest that differences in the number of signalling molecules secreted between subtypes of senescent cells can limit the spread of senescence. We found that dynamic, time‐dependent paracrine signalling prevents the uncontrolled spread of senescence, and we demonstrate how model parameters can be determined using Bayesian inference in a proposed experiment.
Excerpt from “Near Far” (Flashlets on remoteness)
Authors: Stone Nomi 
Published: June 2023

Summary“Near Far” is a work in progress of “flashlets”/flash ethnography engaging questions of nearness and farness, intimacy and distance, through geographic and affective terrain. The work, a hybrid form at the border of ethnography, creative nonfiction, and poetry, pivots around the Hebrides (the ethnographic case study for “remoteness”), my wife's home.
Thinking outside the (museum) box
Authors: Donlan Katie 
Published: June 2023

SummaryTraversing between museum, archive, and community, this flash ethnography explores the tensions and possibilities of museum collections research today. As museums increasingly strive to repair relationships with descendant communities via collaboration and renewed access to collections, lingering questions remain. Where do cultural items belong, how should they be cared for, and by whom? I draw attention to the potential limits of familiar museum tools of documentation and preservation—databases, storage boxes, and cotton gloves—that become illuminated when cultural items travel home to communities. Ultimately, I seek to complicate the museum's capacity to care for the complex, lively, and storied belongings that “collections” indeed are.
Epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy (ERED) from the splice site altering COL17A1 variant c.3156C>T in families of Finnish‐Swedish ancestry
Authors: Turunen Joni A. , Tuisku Ilpo S. , Repo Pauliina , Mörtenhumer Sanna , Kawan Sabita , Järvinen Reetta‐Stiina , Korsbäck Anna , Immonen Annamari T. , Kivelä Tero T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe four Finnish families with epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy (ERED) caused by the pathogenic variant c.3156C>T in collagen type XVII alpha 1 chain gene (COL17A1).MethodsEleven affected and two unaffected individuals underwent clinical ophthalmological examination, anterior segment photography, and corneal topography. Two of them underwent phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). Genetic analysis included both next‐generation and Sanger sequencing. Specimens from the manual keratectomy of one patient were available for ophthalmic pathologic examination, including immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe common splice‐site altering synonymous variant c.3156C > T, p.(Gly1052=) in COL17A1 was confirmed in 15 individuals with ERED from the four families. Subepithelial corneal scarring grades varied and increased with age, leading to decreased best‐corrected visual acuity. PTK improved vision in 58‐ and 67‐year‐old individuals without reactivating the disease. The keratectomy specimens showed an uneven epithelium and a spectrum of basement membrane abnormalities, including breaks, fragmentation, multiplication and entrapment within the subepithelial scar, reflecting recurrent erosions. The stromal cells consisted of varying proportions of bland and activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, reflecting different ages of scars. The family with the largest number of known affected generations originated from Southern Sweden.ConclusionThe phenotype in the Finnish ERED families is consistent with earlier reports of the c.3156C > T variant, although the severity has varied between reports. The phenotype may be modulated by other genes. This study suggests a likely founder effect of the variant in both Finnish and Swedish populations due to their shared population histories. If vision is compromised, PTK can be considered especially in older patients.
A high soil potential net nitrification was observed at 4 m depth: What are the driving factors?
Authors: Andrianarisoa Kasaina Sitraka , Dufour Lydie , Bienaimé Séverine , Zeller Bernhard , Choma Caroline , Dupraz Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies about nitrogen (N) mineralization and nitrification in deep soil layers are rare because N processes are considered to occur mainly in topsoil that hosts active and diverse microbial communities. This study aimed to measure the soil potential net N mineralization (PNM) and nitrification (PNN) down to 4 m depth and to discuss factors controlling their variability. Twenty‐one soil cores were collected at the Restinclières agroforestry experimental site, where 14‐year‐old hybrid walnut trees were intercropped with durum wheat. Soil cores were incubated in the dark in the laboratory at both 6 and 25°C. The soil was a deep calcic fluvisol with a fluctuating water table. It featured a black layer that was very rich in organic matter and permanently water saturated at depths between 3.0 and 4.0 m. The mean soil mineral N content was 3 mg N kg−1 soil in the upper 0.0–0.2 m layer, decreasing until a depth of 2 m and increasing to the maximum value of 25.8 mg N kg−1 soil in the black layer. While nitrate (NO3−) was the dominant form of mineral N (89%) in the upper 0.0–0.2 m layer, its proportion progressively decreased with depth until ammonium (NH4+) became almost the only form of mineral N (97%) in the saturated black layer. Laboratory soil incubation revealed that PNM and PNN occurred at all depths, although the latter remained low at 6°C. The soil nitrate content in the black layer was multiplied by 48 times after 51 days of incubation at 25°C, whereas it was almost inexistent at the sampling date. While the soil total N, the pH and the incubation temperature explained 84% of the variation in PNM, only 29% of the percent nitrification variance was explained by the incubation temperature (Tinc) and the soil C‐to‐N ratio. These results point out the necessity to consider soil potential net N mineralization and nitrification of deep soil layers to improve model predictions.
Nano‐invasomes for simultaneous topical delivery of buprenorphine and bupivacaine for dermal analgesia
Authors: Babaie Soraya , Charkhpour Mohammad , Kouhsoltani Maryam , Hamishehkar Hamed , Paiva‐Santos Ana Cláudia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOpioid and local anaesthetic receptors are abundantly concentrated in different layers of the skin. Therefore, simultaneous targeting of these receptors can produce more potent dermal anaesthesia. Herein, we developed lipid‐based nanovesicles for the co‐delivery of buprenorphine and bupivacaine to efficiently target skin‐concentrated pain receptors. Invasomes incorporating two drugs were prepared by ethanol injection method. Subsequently, the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, morphology, and in‐vitro drug release of vesicles were characterized. Ex‐vivo penetration features of vesicles were then investigated by the franz diffusion cell on the full‐thickness human skin. Wherein, it was demonstrated that invasomes penetrated the skin deeper and delivered bupivacaine more effectively than buprenorphine to the target site. The superiority of invasome penetration was further evidenced by the results of ex‐vivo fluorescent dye tracking. Estimation of in‐vivo pain responses by the tail‐flick test revealed that compared with the liposomal group, the group receiving invasomal formulation and drug‐free invasomal formulation (only containing menthol) displayed increased analgesia in the initial times of 5 and 10 min. Also, no signs of oedema or erythema were observed in the Daze test in any of the rats receiving the invasome formulation. Finally, ex‐vivo and in‐vivo assays demonstrated efficiency in delivering both drugs into deeper layers of skin and exposing them to the located pain receptors, which improves the time of onset and the analgesic effects. Hence, this formulation appears to be a promising candidate for tremendous development in the clinical setting.
Cool shade and not‐so‐cool shade: How habitat loss may accelerate thermal stress under current and future climate
Authors: Stark Gavin , Ma Liang , Zeng Zhi‐Gao , Du Wei‐Guo , Levy Ofir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWorldwide habitat loss, land‐use changes, and climate change threaten biodiversity, and we urgently need models that predict the combined impacts of these threats on organisms. Current models, however, overlook microhabitat diversity within landscapes and so do not accurately inform conservation efforts, particularly for ectotherms. Here, we built and field‐parameterized a model to examine the effects of habitat loss and climate change on activity and microhabitat selection by a diurnal desert lizard. Our model predicted that lizards in rock‐free areas would reduce summer activity levels (e.g. foraging, basking) and that future warming will gradually decrease summer activity in rocky areas, as even large rocks become thermally stressful. Warmer winters will enable more activity but will require bushes and small rocks as shade retreats. Hence, microhabitats that may seem unimportant today will become important under climate change. Modelling frameworks should consider the microhabitat requirements of organisms to improve conservation outcomes.
Bleeding events in people with congenital haemophilia A without factor VIII inhibitors receiving prophylactic factor VIII treatment: A systematic literature review
Authors: Mannucci Pier Mannuccio , Kessler Craig M. , Germini Federico , Nissen Francis , Ofori‐Asenso Richard , Brocchieri Cristian , Bendinelli Sara , Iorio Alfonso 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence on bleeding rates in people with congenital haemophilia A (PwcHA) without inhibitors on factor VIII (FVIII) replacement products is inconsistent.AimThis systematic literature review assessed bleeding outcomes in PwcHA using FVIII‐containing products as prophylactic treatment.MethodsA search was conducted using the bibliographic databases Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on the Ovid platform. The search involved a bibliographic review of clinical trial studies, routine clinical care studies and registries and a search of ClinicalTrials.gov, EU Clinical Trials Register and conference abstracts.ResultsThe search yielded 5548 citations. A total of 58 publications were included for analysis. In 48 interventional studies, the pooled estimated mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) annualized bleeding rate (ABR), annualized joint bleeding rate (AJBR) and proportion of participants with zero bleeding events were 3.4 (3.0–3.7), 2.0 (1.6–2.5), and 38.5% (33.1–43.9), respectively. In 10 observational studies, the pooled estimated mean (95% CI) ABR, AJBR and proportion of participants with zero bleeding events were 4.8 (4.0–5.5), 2.6 (2.1–3.2), and 21.8% (19.9–47.5), respectively. A large variation in mean effect size for ABR, AJBR and zero bleeding event data across cohorts and cohort types was observed. Funnel plots indicated potential reporting bias for publications incorporating ABR and AJBR data across both interventional and observational studies.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis shows that PwcHA without inhibitors still have bleeds despite FVIII prophylaxis. Improved standardization on capturing and reporting bleeding outcomes is needed so that effective comparisons between treatments can be made.
Elevated eosinophils proportion as predictor of immune‐related adverse events after ipilimumab and nivolumab treatment of advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Tasaki Yoshihiko , Hamamoto Shuzo , Sugiyama Yosuke , Tomiyama Nami , Naiki Taku , Etani Toshiki , Taguchi Kazumi , Matsuyama Nayuka , Sue Yasuhito , Mimura Yoshihisa , Kubota Hiroki , Noda Yusuke , Aoki Maria , Moritoki Yoshinobu , Nozaki Satoshi , Kurokawa Satoshi , Okada Atsushi , Kawai Noriyasu , Yasui Takahiro , Kimura Kazunori 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesIpilimumab and nivolumab treatment against advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) causes severe and lethal immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Predicting irAEs might improve clinical outcomes, however no practical biomarkers exist. This study examined whether eosinophils could be effective biomarkers for ≥grade 2 irAEs in RCC.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 75 patients with RCC treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab between August 2018 and March 2021 in a multicenter study. Eosinophils were examined before and 2 weeks after treatment, and immediately after irAEs development. The optimal cut‐off value for ≥grade 2 irAEs was determined by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to identify predictors of ≥grade 2 irAEs.ResultsTwo weeks after treatment, eosinophils were significantly upregulated in patients who had experienced ≥grade 2 irAEs than in those who had not experienced irAEs (mean, 5.7% vs. 3.2%; p < 0.05). The optimal cut‐off value for eosinophils against ≥grade 2 irAEs was 3.0% (area under the curve = 0.69). In multivariate analyses, an eosinophil level ≥ 3.0% was a risk factor for ≥grade 2 irAEs (odds ratio 4.18, 95% confidence interval 1.16–15.1). The eosinophil level 2 weeks after treatment was upregulated by the onset of any type of irAEs including endocrine, gastrointestinal, pulmonary and skin disorders.ConclusionsAn increased eosinophil level 2 weeks after treatment might be an effective biomarker for ≥grade 2 irAEs in patients with RCC treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab.
Understanding nurse suicide using an ideation‐to‐action framework: An integrative review
Authors: Basu Natasha , Barinas Jennifer , Williams Kimberly , Clanton Clista , Smith Phillip N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this integrative review was to explore, appraise and synthesize the current literature on correlates of suicide risk in nurses.DesignIntegrative literature review.Data sourcesCumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Joanna Briggs Institute, PubMed, PsycInfo and Scopus electronic databases were searched for abstracts published between 2005 and 2020. Reference lists were hand searched.Review methodsThe integrative review was based on the Whittemore and Knafl review methodology. Primary qualitative and quantitative studies about suicidal behaviour in nurses published in peer‐reviewed journals were included. The methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool.ResultsSeparate correlates of risk and protective factors were identified for suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and death by suicide in nurses.ImplicationsDue to a number of factors at the individual, interpersonal and work levels, nurses are uniquely positioned to be at risk of dying by suicide. The ideation‐to‐action framework provides a theoretical guide to understand the interplay between correlates and the effect it has on increasing a nurses' capability for suicide.ConclusionsThis review integrates the empirical literature to elucidate the concept of suicidal behaviour as it applies to nurses.
‘It's like home’ – A small‐scale dementia care home and the use of technology: A qualitative study
Authors: D'Cunha Nathan Martin , Isbel Stephen , Bail Kasia , Gibson Diane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the experiences of residents, families and staff in the establishment of a new small‐scale home model of care for people living with dementia.BackgroundNew and innovative small‐scale models of care have the potential to improve outcomes for older people, especially those with dementia, who experience high rates of cognitive impairment in traditional residential aged care homes in Australia.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 14 guests, family and staff of a new small‐scale dementia home named ‘Kambera House’ in the Australian Capital Territory were conducted between July 2021 when the home opened and August 2022. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and reported according to the COREQ guidelines.ResultsTwo guests with mild‐to‐moderate dementia, five family and seven staff members participated in the study. The data revealed high satisfaction with Kambera House, generating five themes. Falls detection technology in the home provided a sense of safety, enabling more time for person‐centred care. Free, everyday technology connected the home with families as part of an overall community of care where staff were empowered to maximize choice and dignity of risk of guests living in the home. This contributed to the sense of community, rather than an institution, where the conditions of work supported the conditions of care, and were embedded in a culture of responsiveness, change and flexibility.ConclusionKambera House represents a successful example of a new small‐scale dementia home. Technology played an important background role in improving overall safety and flexibility as part of a model of care which demonstrated positive experiences for guests and families by being responsive to their individual needs.ImpactsSmall‐scale homes for people with dementia offer an alternative model that may provide more individualized, person‐centred care compared with the traditional institutionalized care.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Queering singlehood: Examining the intersection of sexuality and relationship status from a queer lens
Authors: Lavender‐Stott Erin S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper uses a queer theoretical lens to redefine family boundaries and structures by exploring LGBTQIA+ and single adults' relationships through the interconnectedness of their marginalized histories. Queer theory both centers LGBTQIA+ lives and deconstructs normativities. The overlapping history of singlehood and LGBTQIA+ will be explored using examples including romantic friendships, same‐sex couples and legal marriage, family of choice, and relationship anarchy. These examples explore how LGBTQIA+ people have often been considered single or choose new interpretations of singlehood (e.g., solo polyamory). The paper also explores how single people have often been considered outside the heterosexual norm. Thus, how these lived experiences deconstruct heteronormativity and can deconstruct mononormativity, amatonormativity, and homonormativity is examined. Understanding and acknowledging family lives beyond these normativities will build toward a more inclusive family and relationship science.