bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ciência não binária e os impactos da inteligência artificial nas decisões judiciais
Authors: Lago Stephany Cardoso Vilha do , Wechinewsky Patricia Minini 
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos sociais e jurídicos causados pelo uso da inteligência artificial na tomada de decisões judiciais. Para tanto, destaca-se como problema de pesquisa o questionamento: O uso da inteligência artificial nas decisões judiciais afronta os Direitos Fundamentais assegurados na Constituição Federal? Aventa-se como hipótese de pesquisa a necessidade de parâmetros assentados na Lei, uma vez que o Poder Judiciário, como órgão julgador, não se restringe, tão somente, a regulamentos éticos os quais, inclusive, apresentam falhas em diversas questões que serão elucidadas no decorrer do presente artigo. Assim, as discussões acerca do referido assunto, vão além das benesses proporcionadas pelas Legaltechs, empresas especializadas em softwares jurídicos. A metodologia adotada consiste na abordagem dedutiva, realizada através da ampla revisão bibliográfica e análise documental alusivas ao tema abordado. Com base nisso, desprende-se no decorrer da pesquisa a evolução tecnológica, as diferentes abordagens do aprendizado de máquina, a crise numérica no judiciário e os impactos relativos ao uso da inteligência artificial nas decisões judiciais. Por fim, conclui-se que, apesar dos avanços significativos prestados pela Resolução 332/20 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, pouco se contribuiu para o preenchimento das lacunas jurídicas na produção e governança desta nova tecnologia quando empregadas no Poder Judiciário.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Gelling Agent HEC dalam Sediaan Gel Sariawan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam terhadap Sifat Fisik Gel
Authors: Libba Imelia Rosalia , Prasetya Fajar , Putri Novita Eka Kartab 
Published: March 2023

Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (RAS) or sprue is one of the most common diseases of the oral mucosa. One of the contributing factor is the infection of Streptococcus sanguinis and Candida albicans. Black betel leaf contains a group of secondary metabolites that are used as antimicrobials . Gel is a good conductive preparation on mucouse membran. One of the factors that influence the physical properties of gel is the gelling agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of HEC variation as a gelling agents on the physical properties of black betel leaf extract gel. Black betel leaf extract was obtained by maceration with 70% ethanol solvent. The gel was formulated into four formula with variations in HEC consentration is 1%, 1,5%, 2% and 2,5%. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts used the diffusion method of the wells. Tests of physical properties used organoleptic tests, homogenity, pH, spreadability and viscosity. The results showed that black betel leaf extract at a concentration of 2.5% was able to inhibit Streptococcus sanguinis and Candida albicans. An increase in HEC concentration can cause increase in the viscosity and decrease in the spreadibility, but does not affect organoleptics, homogenity and pH of the preparation. The best formula produced is formula F3 with 2% HEC composition.
Acute and Repeated Dose 28-day Oral Toxicity Studies of Ich Tri Hadiphar Capsules
Authors: Thi Lien Nguyen , Hang Nguyen Thi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Ich tri Hadiphar capsules used for dementia treatment were evaluated for acute and repeated dose toxicities in mice and rabbits, respectively. The acute toxicity results indicated that LD50 of Ich tri Hadiphar capsules in mice according to the method of Behrens is greater than 30 g/kg body weight. In the repeated dose toxicity study, rabbits were administrated Ich tri Hadiphar with doses of 186.5 and 560.0 mg/kg/day for 28 days (equivalent to the dose used on humans and the dose of 3 times more than one used on humans). Blood samples were taken on day 0, day 14, and day 28 of the experiment for hematological and biochemical analysis. Liver and kidney samples were taken on day 28 for histopathological determinations. The repeated dose toxicity results revealed that there were no significant differences in hematological and serum biochemical values between control and treatment animals. Furthermore, no histopathological changes in the liver and kidney of rabbits treated with Ich tri Hadiphar capsules were observed.
Keywords: Acute toxicity, repeated dose toxicity, Ich tri Hadiphar.
Some Clinical and Subclinical Characteristics of Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer in Huu Nghi Hospital
Authors: Thi Khanh Tam Le , Cam Phuong Pham , Phuong Hoa Nguyen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This study aims to describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients with CRPC in Huu Nghi Hospital. The results indicated that the main clinical symptoms were bone pain (63.0%), hematuria (34.0%), and lower urinary tract symptoms (32.6%). The highest and lowest PSA concentrations were 611.3 ng/mL and 0.01 ng/mL, respectively. The most common sites of metastasis were bone (82.6%), lymph node (50.0%), and lung (19.6%). These patients were all at the late stage, so most of them had symptoms of metastasis and high PSA.
Keywords: Prostate cancer, castration-resistant, clinical characteristics, subclinical characteristics.
Potentialities of Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan C Isolated the European Hornet Vespa Crabro in Drug Discovery
Authors: Thi Phuong Hai Bui , Thi Kim Anh Trinh , Thi Khanh Huyen Tran , Xuan Huy Luong , Thi Ngan Dang , Thi Thuong Bui , Van Khanh Nguyen , Thanh Hai Nguyen , Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Exploring the potential of natural bioactive peptides is becoming more and more important for new drug discovery. First isolated from the European wasp Vespa crabro, the antimicrobial peptide Mastoparan C was found in higher content than many other molecules in the Mastoparan family. In addition to the mast cell degranulation that is similar to some components in insect venom, this compound possesses remarkable biological activities such as broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal, inhibiting the proliferation of many human cancer cell lines. However, unfortunately, Mastoparan C has the notable side effect of causing mammalian hemolysis. By investigating its structure-activity relationships, this review pointed out some suggestions to overcome the disadvantages of this potential peptide and thereby support further in-depth study in the drug discovery field.
Keywords: Mastoparan C, antimicrobial peptide, biological activity, structure-activity relationships.
Low back pain: Prevalence and functional impairment among the general population in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Waly Feras J. , Albalawi Amal S. , Alatawi Abdulrahman A. , Albalawi Nujud A. , Alwakeel Abdulaziz A. A. , Alsubhi Samaher S. , Alqasmi Dana M. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Low back pain (LBP) is a main cause of disability worldwide and can negatively affect the individual’s life and work quality. This research aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic non-specific LBP among the general population of Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate its related risk factors and functional impairment.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey study was performed through a web-based and structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data and risk factors. We used the Modified Oswestry LBP Disability Questionnaire (Arabic version) to measure the disability index among the study participants. The invitation to participate in the questionnaire was posted on different social media platforms.

Results:
LBP was found in 46% of the participants (n = 768), and it was significantly associated with multiple risk factors, including age group ≥30 years old (P = 0.002), obesity (P = 0.002), smoking (P = 0.004), having comorbidities, particularly anemia, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperthyroidism (P < 0.001), and positive history of psychological problems (P = 0.039). Regular practice of physical activities had a significant protective effect (P = 0.032). The Oswestry Disability Index reported minimal disability among participants who had LBP.

Conclusion:
The study detected a relatively high prevalence of LBP in Tabuk (46.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 42.7–49.8%) and identified several significant risk factors, including age ≥30 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, smoking, and presence of comorbidities and psychological factors. Regular exercise was a protective factor against chronic LBP. The Oswestry Disability Index showed minimal disability and functional impairment.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Soweto, South Africa: A descriptive study
Authors: Aitchison Wesley Mark , Van Blydenstein Sarah Alexandra , Wong Michelle 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a specific form of age-related fibroproliferative interstitial pneumonia that is chronic, progressive, and carries a poor prognosis, with median survival of just 2.5–3.5 years from diagnosis. The exact etiology is unknown, but smoking is known to be risk factor. Symptoms and signs include progressive dyspnoea, cough, inspiratory “Velcro” crackles, and clubbing. At present, treatment options are limited; but include pulmonary rehabilitation, long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy, and the conditionally recommended pharmacological therapies pirfenidone and nintedanib. This study sought to describe the cohort of patients that attended the respiratory outpatient services at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa during the period 2007– 2016. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first such descriptive study performed in Africa.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective, descriptive, and record review, that included patients ≥18 years of age who fulfilled 2011 ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT diagnostic criteria for IPF.

Results:
Data from 74 patients were used for analysis in this study, of which 60.8% were female. The mean age standard deviation was 64.4 (10.9) years and the majority (79.7%) were Black. Over half of the patients (40/74, 54.1%) were current or previous smokers, although there was no correlation between smoking history and age or baseline pulmonary function testing. All patients reported dyspnea, which was modified Medical Reseach Council (mMRC) Grade 3 or 4 in 80% of patients. High resolution computed tomography chest was reported as radiological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in 72 patients (97.3%) and three patients underwent lung biopsy, all of which showed a UIP pattern. Fifty-eight patients (78.4%) had spirometry results available, with median forced vital capacity 67.3% of predicted; this was significantly higher in females. Median transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide was 39% predicted. Twenty-five patients (33.8%) received corticosteroids, of whom five (6.8%) received the prednisone-azathioprine-N-acetylcysteine regime. Three patients (4.1%) received nintedanib; two of whom showed slowing of decline in lung function, although no significant symptomatic improvement was reported. Mean duration of follow-up was 13.3 months, although females had significantly longer duration of follow-up than males.

Conclusion:
Despite a fairly small sample size and retrospective nature, this study contributes to the body of literature on IPF and highlights the need for additional studies in developing countries, particularly in Africa.
Complete Blood Count and saliva parameters as an indicator for infected patients with coronavirus covid-19
Authors: Hussein Sumaiah I , Abd Suha T , AL-khayat Fadia A , Mahmood Heba k 
Published: March 2023

Background: Coronavirus, which causes respiratory illness, has been a public health issue in recent decades. Because the clinical symptoms of infection are not always specific, it is difficult to expose all suspects to qualitative testing in order to confirm or rule out infection as a test. Methods: According to the scientific studies and investigations, seventy-three results of scientific articles and research were obtained using PubMed, Medline, Research gate and Google Scholar. The research keywords used were COVID-19, coronavirus, blood parameters, and saliva. Results: This review provides a report on the changes in the blood and saliva tests of those who are infected with the COVID-19.COVID-19 is a systemic infection that has a substantial influence on the hematological system and hemostasis, thus deviations from normal levels of laboratory tests, including the blood and saliva test show that specific testing for detecting COVID-19 infection is required. Conclusions: The blood and saliva tests aid in the clinical monitoring of the patient's health. It has advantages such as the following: it has non-invasive properties, low cost, and good stability, addition to minimum risk of infection transport.
No Referendum, No Election Campaign: How Radio Biafra Internet Broadcasting Mobilized IPOB Worldwide during the 2019 Nigerian Election
Authors: Nwafor Gideon 
Published: March 2023

In the buildup of 2019 general election in Nigeria, there were tensions in the Southeastern part of the country over the clamours for election boycott campaign initiated by the leader of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB), Mazi Nnamdi Kanu, requesting that a referendum should hold in the region for the purpose of secession rather than conduct an election in the area. This drew critical attention nationwide and in diaspora as some rose to condemn the call while some supported the move. Few days to the election, the polity was heated up as to whether the Southeasterners will heed the clarion call to boycott the election or not with the IPOB foot soldiers on ground driving the campaign and threating mayhem to anyone who come out to vote until the “Supreme Leader” of IPOB called off the election boycott 24 hours to the election and there was total compliance and suspension of the campaign in the region. This could not have been possible without the effectiveness of Radio Biafra Internet broadcasting. How this Internet radio station was effective in the mobilization of members of IPOB to drive the “No Referendum, No Election” campaign is the focus of this study. Anchored on Technological Determinism theory, survey method was used to carry out the study with a population of 803,416 and a sample size of 382 listeners in Anambra and Abia States as respondents drawn using Krejcie and Morgan Sample Size Determination Table. The findings revealed that people were highly exposed to Radio Biafra No Referendum; No Election Campaign through Internet broadcasting on Facebook, Word of Mouth and Radio Biafra Terrestrial Broadcasting and this influenced their attitude toward 2019 election resulting to voter apathy in the area. Based on the findings, the researchers therefore, recommend that Radio Biafra should engage their digital broadcasting for national cohesion and integration rather than preach the message of secession disintegration
política de contratação de professores temporários em Mocajuba-PA
Authors: Feldman Ariel , Martins Roberta Adriane Correa 
Published: March 2023

Objetiva-se analisar a política de contratação de professores temporários no município de Mocajuba-PA entre 2009 e 2021. Estudo de caso exploratório em abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou como instrumento de coleta de dados análise documental, entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante. Os resultados das análises constataram que as contratações se baseiam em relações clientelistas, com a distribuição de cargos em troca de lealdade política. Foi observado, ainda, que os docentes não são protegidos pela legislação e sofrem com reiterados atrasos salariais.
Gobernabilidad Penitenciaria en la Población Femenil. Análisis en el estado de Nuevo León
Authors: Mandujano montoya Anayely 
Published: March 2023

El sistema penitenciario desde sus orígenes ha sido pensado para la población masculina, sin embargo, la participación de las mujeres en conductas delictivas ha hecho ineludible la construcción de espacios penitenciarios con perspectiva de género, no obstante, actualmente, uno de los grandes retos en materia penitenciaria en México es la gobernabilidad de la autoridad al interior de los Centros, por ello es preciso en primera instancia, mantener la gobernabilidad penitenciaria a fin de contar con las condiciones que hagan factible el objetivo último del Sistema Penitenciario: la reinserción social. La presente investigación parte de un análisis comparativo con un método cuantitativo de las condiciones de gobernabilidad en los espacios destinados para la población femenil en internamiento por atribuírsele una conducta delictiva en el estado de Nuevo León, lo anterior, con una primera aproximación al Centro de Prevención y Readaptación Social Topo Chico en donde las mujeres compartían espacio en un Centro destinado en su mayoría para población varonil y otro posterior, una vez que se crea el Centro de Reinserción Social Femenil en el estado. El análisis considera las categorías de Voz y rendición de cuentas, estabilidad y ausencia de violencia, efectividad de la autoridad, calidad regulatoria, estado de derecho y control de la corrupción.
Percepción académica y laboral sobre la formación universitaria en Criminología-Criminalística en el estado de Nuevo León, México
Authors: Hikal Carreón Wael Sarwat 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: La percepción sobre la enseñanza universitaria en Criminología y Criminalística constituye una línea de investigación necesaria en aras de definir la satisfacción entre los egresados, empleadores y directivos de carrera para descubrir áreas de oportunidad. Objetivo: Valorar la percepción de la relevancia educativa en egresados, empleadores y directivos académicos respecto la Licenciatura en Criminología en Nuevo León, México. Metodología: Durante el 2020 se realizó una cuantificación de centros escolares en materia criminal. Se tomó una muestra de una licenciatura acreditada con otra que no lo está. En 2021 se aplicó un instrumento de entrevista/cuestionario para captar la percepción de la relevancia educativa. Resultados: Se reveló que los conocimientos y habilidades con las que egresan los licenciados en Criminología son básicos para las labores cotidianas, pero resaltan la necesidad de mejorar los planes de estudio, la bibliografía actualizada, el laboratorio de prácticas para tener mejor formación y salidas laborales. Propuesta: Todos los entrevistados concluyeron que hace falta mejorar la especialización en áreas predominantes de la Licenciatura en Criminología, así como mejorar la biblioteca y laboratorios.
Clinician’s Corner: An introduction to point-of-care ultrasound
Authors: Lai Allan , Mclaughlin Monique , McLean J. Graham 
Published: March 2023

A 67-year-old is brought to your resuscitation room in your emergency department. She is in acute distress and has a blood pressure of 211/120, a heart rate of 130 per minute, a respiratory rate of 31 breaths per minute, and an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. You are about to call for a portable chest radiograph, but the emergency nurse practitioner reaches for the point-of-care ultrasound machine, puts the probe on the patient’s chest, and in under a minute, states: “I see B-lines and weak cardiac contractility; there is normal lung sliding.”
PELATIHAN GMP DAN HACCP BAGI POKLAHSAR RULE ATHALLAH DI KELURAHAN SUKAMARO, KECAMATAN TALANG KELAPA, KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Sari Selly Ratna , Guttifera Guttifera , Riswandi Agung 
Published: March 2023

Upaya efisiensi pemanfaatan hasil perikanan dan nilai ekonomi untuk memperpanjang daya simpan ikan disebut dengan pengolahan perikanan. Pasar-pasar tradisional dan industri skala rumah tangga masih mendominasi industri pengolahan perikanan. Kelompok pengolahan dan pemasaran produk hasil perikanan di kelurahan Sukamoro adalah Poklahsar Rule Athallah. Penerapan teknologi yang mampu mengolah hasil produksi limbah dan meminimalkan sisa limbah tersebut serta ketersedian bahan baku baik kualitas maupun kuantitas dan juga harga yang relatif rendah harus didukung dengan pengembangan olahan perikanan yang tepat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan mengolah produk hasil perikanan bagi Poklahsar Rule Athallah yang memenuhi standar Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) dan Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). Metode kegiatan yang digunakan adalah ceramah, pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa: 1). Pemahaman anggota poklahsar mengenai pentingnya usaha bersama dalam satu kelompok sudah baik. Pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri dari kunjungan dan pertemuan yang bertujuan menjelaskan secara lengkap inovasi teknologi pengolahan ikan berbahan baku ikan lele, pengemasan, labelisasi produk, serta menyusun pembukuan sederhana usaha. 2). Pengetahuan pengrajin mengenai aspek GMP dan HACCP sudah baik. Hasil penilaian awal menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pengetahuan kelompok mitra terhadap pengembangan usaha pengolahan berbahan ikan lele sebesar 36,8%. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata respon kelompok mitra setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah 74,3%. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan kelompok mitra. Selain itu, variasi nilai respon kelompok mitra atas daftar pertanyaan yang diajukan mengalami penurunan dari 5,12 menjadi 4,68. Penerapan GMP dan HACCP yang dilakukan oleh anggota poklahsar Rule Athallah belum sepenuhnya dapat dilaksanakan karena adanya berbagai keterbatasan.
EDUKASI IBU BALITA MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN KELAS IBU BALITA DI DESA PUKDALE KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Atok Yosefa Sarlince , Sormin Roslin E. M. , Ilma Nabilah Nurul , Nuhan Maria Vilastry , Gusman Avelina Paskalia 
Published: March 2023

Pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu sangat penting selama masa kehamilan, persalinan, nifas, perawatan bayi dan balita. Kelas ibu merupakan kelompok kelompok belajar ibu-ibu hamil, ibu menyusui dan ibu balita. Kelas ibu hamil difasilitasi oleh bidan dengan menggunakan paket kelas ibu yaitu buku KIA, pedoman pelaksanaan kelas ibu hamil, pedoman penyelenggaraan kelas ibu balita, ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui, pegangan fasilitator kelas ibu ibu balita. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran dalam berbagai hal, antara lain ; pemberian asi eksklusif, imunisasi pada bayi, pemberian MP-ASI dan gizi seimbang kepada balita, memantau pertumbuhan dan melaksanakan stimulasi perkembangan balita, perawatan gigi balita dan mencuci tangan yang benar, penyakit-penyakit umum pada balita. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Desa Pukdale Kabupaten Kupang. Sasaran dan mitra dalam kegiatan ini adalah Ibu Balita, Kader, Bidan Desa, Bidan Puskesmas, Dosen dan Mahasiswa Prodi Kebidanan STIKes Maranatha Kupang. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan buku KIA pada saat ANC oleh ibu hamil dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan yang memadai tentang kehamilan, persalinan, asi eksklusif, perawatan bayi dan balita, kelas ibu Balita, pengelolaan kelas ibu Balita dengan peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan ibu balita dalam perawatan kesehatan bayi balita sebelum (60 %) dan sesudah edukasi (85%), juga terdapatnya pegangan buku KIA bagi Ibu Balita sebelum (55%) dan sesudah edukasi (85%). Simpulan kegiatan Penyuluhan kesehatan berhasil dilaksanakan dengan hasil yaitu meningkatkan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan, merubah sikap dan perilaku ibu dengan menggunakan buku KIA dalam mewujudkan tumbuh kembang balita yang optimal.