bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forces on and in the cell walls of living plants
Authors: Jarvis Michael C 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEnvironmental influences and differential growth subject plants to mechanical forces. Forces on the whole plant resolve into tensile forces on its primary cell walls and both tensile and compression forces on the secondary cell wall layers of woody tissues. Forces on cell walls are further resolved into forces on cellulose microfibrils and the noncellulosic polymers between them. Many external forces on plants oscillate, with time constants that vary from seconds to milliseconds. Sound waves are a high-frequency example. Forces on the cell wall lead to responses that direct the oriented deposition of cellulose microfibrils and the patterned expansion of the cell wall, leading to complex cell and tissue morphology.Recent experiments have established many of the details of which cell wall polymers associate with one another in both primary and secondary cell walls, but questions remain about which of the interconnections are load bearing, especially in primary cell walls. Direct cellulose–cellulose interactions appear to have a more important mechanical role than was previously thought, and some of the noncellulosic polymers may have a role in keeping microfibrils apart rather than cross-linking them as formerly envisaged.
(g− 2)e, μ and decayseb→eaγ in a SU(4)L⊗U(1)Xmodel with inverse seesaw neutrinos
Authors: Thao N H , Binh D T , Hong T T , Hue L T , Khoi D P 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe will show that the 3-4-1 model with heavy right-handed neutrinos can explain the recent experimental data of (g − 2)e, μ anomalies of charged leptons and neutrino oscillations through the inverse seesaw mechanism. In addition, the model can predict large lepton flavor violating decay rates μ → eγ and τ → μγ, eγ with accuracy equal to recent experimental sensitivities.
Significant Clinical Improvement Was Predicted in a Cohort of Patients With Low Back Pain Early in the Care Process
Authors: Brennan Gerard P , Snow Greg , Minick Kate I , Stevans Joel M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of patients with low back pain who achieved clinical improvement in disability within 3 or 6 physical therapy visits, identify factors that predicted improvement, and predict the probability of improvement by the third and sixth visits.

Methods
This retrospective, observational study looked at patients (N = 6523) who completed a numeric pain scale and Modified Low Back Disability Questionnaire (MDQ) at every visit. Four prediction models were developed: 30% improvement by visit 3 and by visit 6 and 50% improvement by visit 3 and by visit 6. A logistic regression model was fit to predict patients’ improvement in disability using the MDQ. Predictive models used age, disability scores, sex, symptom duration, and payer type as factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve were computed for the models. Nomograms illustrate the relative impacts of the predictor variables.

Results
Disability improved 30% in 42.7% of patients by visit 3 and 49% by visit 6. Disability improved 50% in 26% of patients by visit 3 and 32.9% by visit 6. First visit score (MDQ1) was strongest factor to predict 30% improvement by visit 3. The visit 3 score (MDQ3) was strongest factor to predict a 30% or 50% improvement by visit 6. The combination of MDQ1 and MDQ3 scores was strongest overall predictive factor for visit 6. The area under the curve values for models using only the MDQ1 and MDQ3 scores to predict 30% or 50% improvement by the sixth visit were 0.84 and 0.85, respectively, representing excellent overall diagnostic accuracy of the prediction models.

Conclusion
Excellent discrimination to predict patients’ significant clinical improvement by visit 6 using 2 outcome scores was demonstrated. Gathering outcomes routinely enhances assessment of prognosis and clinical decision making.

Impact
Understanding prognosis of clinical improvement supports physical therapists’ contribution to value-based care.
The Role of Movement in Physical Therapist Clinical Reasoning
Authors: Christensen Nicole , Black Lisa , Gilliland Sarah , Huhn Karen , Wainwright Susan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore how physical therapists use movement as a component of their clinical reasoning. Additionally, this research explored whether movement as a component of clinical reasoning aligns with the proposed signature pedagogy for physical therapist education, human body as teacher.

Methods
The study utilized qualitative, descriptive methods in a multiple case studies design (each practice setting represented a different case for analysis purposes) with cross-case comparisons. Researchers conducted 8 focus groups across practice settings including acute care, inpatient neurological, outpatient orthopedics, and pediatrics. Each focus group had 4 to 6 participants. Through an iterative, interactive process of coding and discussion among all researchers, a final coding scheme was developed.

Results
Through exploration of the research aims, 3 themes emerged from the data. These primary themes are: (1) movement drives clinical reasoning to optimize function; (2) reasoning about movement is multisensory and embodied; and (3) reasoning about movement relies on communication.

Conclusions
This research supports a description of movement as the lens used by physical therapists in clinical reasoning and the integral role of movement in clinical reasoning and in learning from and through movement of the human body while learning from clinical reasoning experiences in practice.

Impact
As the understanding of the ways physical therapists use and learn from movement in clinical reasoning and practice continues to emerge, it is important to continue exploring ways to best make this expanded, embodied conception of clinical reasoning explicit in the education of future generations of physical therapists.
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Therapy for Metabolic Syndrome: Potential Clinical Application?
Authors: Huang Xiuyi , Liu Yunchong , Li Zilun , Lerman Lilach O 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), a class of cells with proliferative, immunomodulatory, and reparative functions, have shown therapeutic potential in a variety of systemic diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). The cluster of morbidities that constitute MetS might be particularly amenable for the application of MSCs, which employ an arsenal of reparative actions to target multiple pathogenic pathways simultaneously. Preclinical studies have shown that MSCs can reverse pathological changes in MetS mainly by inhibiting inflammation, improving insulin resistance, regulating glycolipid metabolism, and protecting organ function. However, several challenges remain to overcome before MSCs can be applied for treating MetS. For example, the merits of autologous versus allogeneic MSCs sources remain unclear, particularly with autologous MSCs obtained from the noxious MetS milieu. The distinct characteristics and relative efficacy of MSCs harvested from different tissue sources also require clarification. Moreover, to improve the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, investigators have explored several approaches that improved therapeutic efficacy but may involve potential safety concerns. This review summarized the potentially useful MSCs strategy for treating MetS, as well as some hurdles that remain to be overcome. In particular, larger-scale studies are needed to determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of MSCs for clinical application.
Community organization guides standardization, adaptability, and innovation: lessons from peer support in the Shanghai Integration Model
Authors: Evans Megan , Liu Yuexing , Wu Xiaoyu , Cai Chun , Tang Patrick Y , Maggy Coufal Muchieh , Qian Yiqing , Fisher Edwin B , Jia Weiping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although there is broad evidence for the value of peer support (PS) in preventing and managing diabetes and other chronic diseases, identifying approaches to stage, scale, and adapt PS interventions is a challenge. Community organization may provide a process for such adaptation of standardized PS and diabetes management to individual communities. This community organization approach was used to develop PS in 12 communities in Shanghai, China. Through a convergent mixed methods design, project records, semi-structured interviews, and an implementation assessment characterized processes of adaptation of standardized materials, examined the extent to which the program was implemented, and identified key success factors and challenges. Findings from both interviews and the implementation assessment indicated that communities adapted standardized intervention components to meet the needs of their communities and assumed responsibility for implementation of different components of the program based on their community’s available capacity. Additionally, community innovations occurring as part of the project were reported and standardized for dissemination in future iterations of the program. Key success factors identified included cooperation and collaboration among varied partners within and across communities. Two challenges illustrate the resilience of the community organization model in response to COVID-19 and the need for further adaptation in rural communities. Community organization provided a useful approach to standardization, adaptation, innovation, and reporting of PS interventions for diabetes management.
RNF167‐mediated ubiquitination of Tollip inhibits TNF‐α‐triggered NF‐κB and MAPK activation
Authors: Yan Zhenzhen , Dai Jingwei , Wang Jiayue , Feng Qianxi , Wang Yaguang , Han Tongye , Wu Chen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractToll‐interacting protein (Tollip) is a multifunctional regulator in cellular activities. However, whether its functions are subjected to post‐translational modifications remains elusive. Here, we identified ubiquitination as a post‐translational modification on Tollip. We found that Tollip interacted with ring finger protein 167 (RNF167) through its C‐terminal coupling of ubiquitin to ER degradation (CUE) domain, and RNF167 functioned as the potential E3 ligase to attach K33‐linked poly‐ubiquitin chains to the Lys235 (K235) site of Tollip. Furthermore, we discovered Tollip could inhibit TNF‐α‐induced nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, and substitution of Lys235 on Tollip to arginine failed to suppress TNF‐α‐NF‐κB/MAPK (JNK) cascades, revealing the role of Tollip and its ubiquitination in NF‐κB/MAPK pathways. Thus, our study reveals the novel biological function of Tollip and RNF167‐dependent ubiquitination of Tollip in TNF‐α signaling.
Study of spermatogenic and Sertoli cells in the Hu sheep testes at different developmental stages
Authors: Su Jie , Yang Yanyan , Zhao Feifei , Zhang Yue , Su Hong , Wang Daqing , Li Kuo , Song Yongli , Cao Guifang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpermatogenesis is a highly organized process by which undifferentiated spermatogonia self‐renew and differentiate into spermatocytes and spermatids. The entire developmental process from spermatogonia to sperm occurs within the seminiferous tubules. Spermatogenesis is supported by the close interaction of germ cells with Sertoli cells. In this study, testicular tissues were collected from Hu sheep at 8 timepoints after birth: 0, 30, 90, 180, 270, 360, 540, and 720 days. Immunofluorescence staining and histological analysis were used to explore the development of male germ cells and Sertoli cells in the Hu sheep testes at these timepoints. The changes in seminiferous tubule diameter and male germ cells in the Hu sheep testes at these different developmental stages were analyzed. Then, specific molecular markers were used to study the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonia, the timepoint of spermatocyte appearance, and the maturation and proliferation of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules. Finally, the formation of the blood–testes barrier was studied using antibodies against the main components of the blood–testes barrier, β‐catenin, and ZO‐1. These findings not only increased the understanding of the development of the Hu sheep testes, but also laid a solid theoretical foundation for Hu sheep breeding.
Bioflavonoid luteolin prevents sFlt‐1 release via HIF‐1α inhibition in cultured human placenta
Authors: Eddy Adrian C. , Chiang Chun Yi , Rajakumar Augustine , Spradley Frank T. , Dauer Patricia , Granger Joey P. , Rana Sarosh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive complication of pregnancy and is a leading cause of maternal death and major contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity, including establishment of long‐term complications. The continued prevalence of PE stresses the need for identification of novel treatments which can target prohypertensive factors implicated in the disease pathophysiology, such as soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt‐1). We set out to identify novel compounds to reduce placental sFlt‐1 and determine whether this occurs via hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α inhibition. We utilized a commercially available library of natural compounds to assess their ability to reduce sFlt‐1 release from primary human placental cytotrophoblast cells (CTBs). Human placental explants from normotensive (NT) and preeclamptic (PE) pregnancies were treated with varying concentrations of luteolin. Protein and mRNA expression of sFlt‐1 and upstream mediators were evaluated using ELISA, western blot, and real‐time PCR. Of the natural compounds examined, luteolin showed the most potent inhibition of sFlt‐1 release, with >95% reduction compared to vehicle‐treated. Luteolin significantly inhibited sFlt‐1 in cultured placental explants compared to vehicle‐treated in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Additionally, significant decreases in HIF‐1α expression were observed in luteolin‐treated explants, suggesting a mechanism for sFlt‐1 downregulation. The ability of luteolin to inhibit HIF‐1α may be mediated through the Akt pathway, as inhibitors to Akt and its upstream regulator phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase (PI3K) resulted in significant HIF‐1α reduction. Luteolin reduces anti‐angiogenic sFlt‐1 through inhibition of HIF‐1α, making it a novel candidate for the treatment of PE.
Ready. Set. Game: Using Nursing Knowledge to Escape the Virtual Room in the Didactic Setting
Authors: Scott Georgianna , Bowers Teresa , Gibbs Shelli P. , Creed Joan M. , Pate Leigh B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Most virtual escape rooms are built using Google documents that ask a series of questions; our faculty team wanted to provide a more interactive experience in a large classroom and created a virtual escape room that mimicked the Next Generation NCLEX testing platform. Each room contained a case study with multiple-choice questions. Seventy-three of 98 possible students completed the escape room survey. All recommended this activity to other students, and 91 percent said they preferred the game format more than the lecture format. Virtual escape rooms are interactive, engaging, and can be used successfully to bridge theory to practice.
Do insurance and socioeconomic status affect outcomes for children who undergo surgery for medial epicondyle fractures?
Authors: Ziegman Jacqueline M. , Duncan Molly , Balch Samora Julie 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Low socioeconomic status (SES) and Medicaid insurance have been associated with poorer outcomes. The purpose of this study is to compare outcomes among children with Medicaid vs private insurance, and children with low vs high SES who undergo surgery for medial epicondyle fractures.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of patients who underwent surgery for medial epicondyle fractures at a large pediatric hospital between 2015 and 2020. SES was measured using the Opportunity Atlas and the United States Small-Area Life Expectancy Estimate Project. A subset of patients were prospectively administered the PROMIS Pediatric Pain Intensity Numeric Rating Scale and PROMIS Pediatric Upper Extremity Short Form to gather additional information on outcomes as they relate to SES.

Results:
Of 117 patients, 59 (50.4%) were females, 90 (76.9%) were Caucasian, and average age was 11.1. The average household income was $44,889 (SD=$11,417) and most patients (72.6%) were privately insured. Higher household income was associated with increased number of follow-up appointments (β=0.29, 95% CI=0.08, 0.50) and increased likelihood of using physical therapy (OR=1.67, 95% CI=1.15, 2.42). Patients with private insurance returned to activity 20.5 days sooner than those with public insurance (β=−20.52, 95% CI=−39.5, −1.53). Private insurance tended to be related to less likelihood of complications and more likelihood of use of physical therapy.

Conclusions:
Insurance and SES may play a role in shaping healthcare outcomes for pediatric patients receiving surgery for medial epicondyle fractures.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III.
Use of ketamine for severe asthma exacerbation in a pregnant patient with persistent bronchospasm: a case report
Authors: Johnson Melanie , Abbas Malak , Abdo Jaber , Mansour Mansour , Jones Jessica 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Estimated 4%–8% of pregnancies are complicated by asthma. Adequate management in this population is critical to minimize complications. Patients presenting with asthma exacerbation are typically managed with standard bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids. However, additional agents may be used in patients with refractory asthma exacerbation. Ketamine has been used in refractory bronchospasm, although its efficacy in published literature is heterogeneous.

Case Presentation
We present a case of a pregnant patient with severe asthma exacerbation refractory to standard and salvage treatment who achieved termination of bronchospasm with ketamine infusion.

Conclusion
After receiving ketamine infusion for several days, the patient had improved air flow and achieved successful extubation, without experiencing rebound bronchospasm. Although this individual clinical case alone cannot change guidelines or directives to use in refractory asthma exacerbations, it offers a possible treatment option to patients and providers in unusually severe cases with extenuating risk factors.
Angiotensin Receptor-neprilysin Inhibitor Versus Renin-angiotensin System Inhibitor for Dementia Risk in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Hu Wei-Syun , Lin Cheng-Li 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The authors report the impact of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) versus renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASI) on the management and outcomes in dementia among heart failure (HF) patients as obtained from the real-life nationwide registry. In this study, HF patients between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 were divided into 2 groups, including subjects receiving RASI and ARNI. The incidence rate of dementia was calculated with the unit of 1000 person-years. Cox proportional hazard model was applied for the examination of the hazard ratio, and also presented with 95% confidence interval. Between 2017 and 2019, RASI and ARNI cohorts contain 18,154 subjects. After adjusting with age, sex, comorbidities, and medications, ARNI cohort had a lower risk of dementia (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.83; 95% confidence interval = 0.72, 0.95) than RASI cohort. The authors concluded that use of ARNI was associated with a lower risk of new-onset dementia in patients with HF.
First Dorsal Metacarpal Artery Flap for Thumb Reconstruction Postresection of Subungual Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Alkabbaa Saud , Alkhotani Mona , Almehaid Faisal , Alammar Alwaleed , Abdelrazek Sameh , Akkour Mousa 
Published: July 2023

Summary:
Subungual squamous cell carcinoma refers to rare tumors that arise from the digits, most commonly in the thumb and big toe. These tumors are frequently diagnosed late due to them presenting as chronic wounds or wart infections. They are low-grade tumors that rarely have nodal involvement, and their treatment options include surgical resection with or without amputation, and radiotherapy for patients who cannot tolerate surgery. We present a case of a patient who underwent tumor excision and immediate reconstruction of the digit.
National Utilization of Glaucoma Laser and Surgical Management in Medicare Beneficiaries: Disparities and Accessibility
Authors: Gold Fradah E. , Yadollahikhales Mojdeh , Dersu Inci I. 
Published: July 2023

Précis:
In this population-based, cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries, there were lower odds of national glaucoma surgery among ages older than 85, female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and diabetic comorbidity. Glaucoma surgery rates were independent of ophthalmologist distribution.

Purpose:
With an increasing prevalence of glaucoma in the United States, it is crucial to elucidate surgical procedure accessibility to deliver quality care. The objective of this study was to estimate national access to surgical glaucoma care by (1) comparing diagnostic and surgical management Medicare insurance claims followed by (2) correlating Medicare treatment claims with regional ophthalmologist availability.

Patients and Methods:
This cross-sectional study included Medicare claims from the 2017 Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System and workforce data from the 2017 Area Health Resource Files, both public domain databases. A total of 25,443,400 beneficiaries fully enrolled in Medicare Part B Fee-for-Service with glaucoma diagnosis claims were included. Rates of US MD ophthalmologists were determined by Area Health Resource Files distribution densities. Surgical glaucoma management rates included Medicare service utilization claims for drain, laser, and incisional glaucoma surgery.

Results:
While Black, non-Hispanic Americans had the highest prevalence of glaucoma, Hispanic beneficiaries had the highest odds of surgery. Older age (85+ vs. 65–84 y; Odds Ratio [OR]=0.864; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.854–0.874), female sex (OR=0.923; 95% CI, 0.914–0.932), and having diabetes (OR=0.944; 95% CI, 0.936–0.953) was associated with lower odds of having a surgical glaucoma intervention. Glaucoma surgery rates were not associated with ophthalmologist density by state.

Conclusions:
Glaucoma surgery utilization differences by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and systemic comorbidities warrant further investigation. Glaucoma surgery rates are independent of ophthalmologist distribution by state.