bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GermanIum array for non-destructive testing (GIANT) setup for muon-induced x-ray emission (MIXE) at the Paul Scherrer Institute
Authors: Gerchow Lars , Biswas Sayani , Janka Gianluca , Vigo Carlos , Knecht Andreas , Vogiatzi Stergiani Marina , Ritjoho Narongrit , Prokscha Thomas , Luetkens Hubertus , Amato Alex 
Published: April 2023

The usage of muonic x-rays to study elemental properties like nuclear radii ranges back to the seventies. This triggered the pioneering work at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), during the eighties on the Muon-induced x-ray emission (MIXE) technique for a non-destructive assessment of elemental compositions. In recent years, this method has seen a rebirth, improvement, and adoption at most muon facilities around the world. Hereby, the PSI offers unique capabilities with its high-rate continuous muon beam at the Swiss Muon Source (SμS). We report here the decision-making, construction, and commissioning of a dedicated MIXE spectrometer at PSI, the GermanIum Array for Non-destructive Testing (GIANT) setup. Multiple campaigns highlighted the outstanding capabilities of MIXE at PSI, e.g., resolving down to 1 at. % elemental concentrations with as little as 1 h data taking, measuring isotopic ratios for elements from iron to lead, and characterizing gamma rays induced by muon nuclear capture. On-target beam spots were characterized with a dedicated charged particle tracker to be symmetric to 5% with an average σ = 22.80(25) and 14.41(8) mm for 25 and 45 MeV/c, respectively. Advanced analysis of the high-purity germanium signals further allows us to improve energy and timing resolutions to ∼1 keV and 20 ns at 1 MeV, respectively. Within the GIANT setup, an average detector has a photopeak efficiency of ϵĒ=0.11% and an energy resolution of σĒ=0.8keV at E = 1000 keV. The overall performance of the GIANT setup at SμS allowed us to start a rich user program with archaeological samples, Li-ion battery research, and collaboration with the industry. Future improvements will include a simulation-based analysis and a higher degree of automation, e.g., automatic scans of a series of muon momenta and automatic sample changing.
A new magnetic state selection method in high-performance optically detected compact cesium beam clocks
Authors: Chen Sifei , Liu Chen , Fan Lifeng , Li Chaojie , Li Yuanhao , Liu Chang , Wang Yanhui 
Published: April 2023

We perform a new scheme of magnetic state selection in optically detected compact cesium beam clocks. Unlike the conventional method, we select atoms in the ground state |F = 4, mF ≠ −4⟩ by pointing the atomic collimator to the convex pole of the magnet realizing the two-wire magnetic field and detect atoms in |F = 3⟩ after interacting with the microwave field using a distributed feedback laser. The fluorescence background is greatly reduced as the inherent residual atoms |F = 4, mF = −4⟩ are avoided in this reversed scheme. The velocity distribution is narrowed, and the most probable velocity is decreased, since atomic trajectories are close to the weak-field region. We also investigate the relationship between the position of the atomic collimator and the distributions of the atomic beam, which is consistent with the Monte Carlo-based simulation model. By applying the reversed scheme and setting the deviated position of the collimator to 1.3 mm, the signal contrast is improved from 0.7 to 3, and the short-term frequency stability reaches 3.0 × 10−12 τ−1/2, nearly three times better than that of the high-performance version of Microsemi 5071A.
Activity of free-ranging dogs (Canis familiaris) in the Arcadia Valley, Queensland
Authors: Meek Paul D. , Ballard Guy , Marshall Darren , Marshall Lachlan , Smith Deane , Fleming Peter J. S. 
Published: April 2023

GPS tracking collars were fitted to five free-ranging dogs (Canis familiaris) in the Arcadia Valley, Queensland to establish baseline movement data in this unique topographical landscape. Activity areas were generated with three home range methods using seasonally constrained fixes. Activity areas (Brownian Bridge and Utilisation Distribution) ranged from 2.9 to 689 km2 in this landscape, and revealed that topographical features previously thought to confine free-ranging dog movement were no barrier to habitat use.
Nitrate supply decreases fermentation and alleviates oxidative and ionic stress in nitrogen-fixing soybean exposed to saline waterlogging
Authors: Martins Tamires da Silva , Da-Silva Cristiane Jovelina , Shimoia Eduardo Pereira , Posso Douglas Antônio , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , de Oliveira Ana Claudia Barneche , do Amarante Luciano 
Published: April 2023

Nitrate (NO3−) nutrition is known to mitigate the damages caused by individual stresses of waterlogging and salinity. Here, we investigated the role of NO3− in soybean plants exposed to these stresses in combination. Nodulated soybean cultivated under greenhouse conditions and daily fertilised with a nutrient solution without nitrogen were subjected to the following treatments: Water, NO3−, NaCl, and NaCl + NO3−. Then, plants were exposed to waterlogging (6 days) and drainage (2 days). Compared to plants exposed to isolated stress, the saline waterlogging resulted in higher concentrations of H2O2, O2˙−, and lipid peroxidation at the whole-plant level, mainly during drainage. Furthermore, saline waterlogging increased fermentation and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in roots and leaves both during waterlogging and drainage. NO3− supplementation led to augments in NO3− and NO levels, and stimulated nitrate reductase activity in both organs. In addition, NO3− nutrition alleviated oxidative stress and fermentation besides increasing the K+/Na+ ratio in plants exposed to saline waterlogging. In conclusion, NO3− supplementation is a useful strategy to help soybean plants overcome saline waterlogging stress. These findings are of high relevance for agriculture as soybean is an important commodity and has been cultivated in areas prone to saline waterlogging.
Oxygen doping of cobalt-single-atom coordination enhances peroxymonosulfate activation and high-valent cobalt–oxo species formation
Authors: Wu Qian-Yuan , Yang Zheng-Wei , Wang Zhi-Wei , Wang Wen-Long 
Published: April 2023

The high-valent cobalt–oxo species (Co(IV)=O) is being increasingly investigated for water purification because of its high redox potential, long half-life, and antiinterference properties. However, generation of Co(IV)=O is inefficient and unsustainable. Here, a cobalt-single-atom catalyst with N/O dual coordination was synthesized by O-doping engineering. The O-doped catalyst (Co-OCN) greatly activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and achieved a pollutant degradation kinetic constant of 73.12 min
−1
g
−2
, which was 4.9 times higher than that of Co-CN (catalyst without O-doping) and higher than those of most reported single-atom catalytic PMS systems. Co-OCN/PMS realized Co(IV)=O dominant oxidation of pollutants by increasing the steady-state concentration of Co(IV)=O (1.03 × 10
−10
M) by 5.9 times compared with Co-CN/PMS. A competitive kinetics calculation showed that the oxidation contribution of Co(IV)=O to micropollutant degradation was 97.5% during the Co-OCN/PMS process. Density functional theory calculations showed that O-doping influenced the charge density (increased the Bader charge transfer from 0.68 to 0.85 e), optimized the electron distribution of the Co center (increased the d-band center from −1.14 to −1.06 eV), enhanced the PMS adsorption energy from −2.46 to −3.03 eV, and lowered the energy barrier for generation of the key reaction intermediate (*O*H
2
O) during Co(IV)=O formation from 1.12 to 0.98 eV. The Co-OCN catalyst was fabricated on carbon felt for a flow-through device, which achieved continuous and efficient removal of micropollutants (degradation efficiency of >85% after 36 h operation). This study provides a new protocol for PMS activation and pollutant elimination through single-atom catalyst heteroatom-doping and high-valent metal–oxo formation during water purification.
Two structural switches in HIV-1 capsid regulate capsid curvature and host factor binding
Authors: Stacey James C. V. , Tan Aaron , Lu John M. , James Leo C. , Dick Robert A. , Briggs John A. G. 
Published: April 2023

The mature HIV-1 capsid protects the viral genome and interacts with host proteins to travel from the cell periphery into the nucleus. To achieve this, the capsid protein, CA, constructs conical capsids from a lattice of hexamers and pentamers, and engages in and then relinquishes multiple interactions with cellular proteins in an orchestrated fashion. Cellular host factors including Nup153, CPSF6, and Sec24C engage the same pocket within CA hexamers. How CA assembles pentamers and hexamers of different curvatures, how CA oligomerization states or curvature might modulate host–protein interactions, and how binding of multiple cofactors to a single site is coordinated, all remain to be elucidated. Here, using single-particle cryoEM, we have determined the structure of the mature HIV-1 CA pentamer and hexamer from conical CA-IP
6
polyhedra to ~3 Å resolution. We also determined structures of hexamers in the context of multiple lattice curvatures and number of pentamer contacts. Comparison of these structures, bound or not to host protein peptides, revealed two structural switches within HIV-1 CA that modulate peptide binding according to CA lattice curvature and whether CA is hexameric or pentameric. These observations suggest that the conical HIV-1 capsid has different host–protein binding properties at different positions on its surface, which may facilitate cell entry and represent an evolutionary advantage of conical morphology.
Cross-language influences in the processing of L2 multi-word expressions
Authors: Du Lingli , Siyanova-Chanturia Anna , Elgort Irina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present chapter provides a state-of-the-art review of research into cross-language influences in the processing of multi-word expressions (MWEs) in a second language (L2). Two lines of research are considered: first, how L2 speakers process congruent MWEs versus L2-only MWEs; second, how L2 speakers process L1-only MWEs translated into the L2 compared with control phrases. Studies have shown that congruent MWEs generally have a processing advantage over L2-only MWEs in L2 speakers. In contrast, evidence is mixed with regard to whether or not translated L1-only MWEs exhibit a processing advantage over matched controls in L2 speakers, with facilitation so far observed for idioms, but not for other types of MWEs. We consider possible reasons for these mixed findings.
Comment dirais-je ? Que veux-tu ? Comment ça va ?
Authors: Tutin Agnès 
Published: April 2023

RésuméCet article porte sur les phrases préfabriquées propres aux interactions, dans lesquelles on observe une proportion importante de phrases interrogatives directes partielles commecomment dirais-je ?ouque veux-tu ?Après une présentation des principales structures syntaxiques et des principales fonctions de ces énoncés, nous examinons un échantillon de 10 phrases préfabriquées représentatives à partir des corpus oraux ORFEO-CEFC et ESLO2 et du corpus de romans PhraseoRom. Les résultats montrent que ces énoncés, divers dans leurs fonctions sémantiques et pragmatiques, ne se caractérisent pas de prime abord par le figement syntaxique, mais présentent dans l’ensemble une forte variation selon le registre et la modalité écrite ou orale (même si une variation à l’intérieur du même corpus est aussi perceptible). Cependant, certaines caractéristiques syntaxiques peuvent clairement être attribuées au statut préfabriqué dans le corpus oral (surreprésentation de l’inversion clitique, sous-représentation de la structurein situ).
Contextual graffiti and collective action frames at the Chilean social outbreak in 2019
Authors: Miranda Correa Melisa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Protest graffiti as visual activism provides a democratic space for demonstrators to articulate their narratives.
Nevertheless, the lack of leadership in the Chilean social outburst in 2019 becomes a challenge in outlining its impact. Thus,
this article provides an empirical case of political graffiti and explains how graffiti had a constitutive role in the social
movement and the immediate country’s political course after that. This paper proposes a transdisciplinary approach by combining
the analysis of graffiti as contextual texts (Pennycook, 2007) with ‘collective action
frames’ in studying political graffiti collected in a six-kilometre walk in Santiago, Chile. As a result, graffiti frameworks of
injustice denounce the state and police violence; frameworks of agency tend to organise protesters’ ideas for change, such as a
new constitution and the end of the current pension systems; and a strong sense of feminism conforms part of identity frames.
Exploring the status of filled pauses as pragmatic markers
Authors: Kosmala Loulou 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present study aims to explore the status of filled pauses as pragmatic markers by taking into account their
accompanying visual and gestural behavior. This aspect has not yet been widely explored, and the current study breaks new ground
by demonstrating that the analysis of gaze and gesture can shed substantial light on the pragmatic functions of filled pauses and
other pausing phenomena. Filled pauses (FPs) serve several pragmatic functions in speech, mainly planning but also turn-holding
and emphasis, and their use is also highly determined by register and setting. This research explores the different pragmatic
functions of FPs by analyzing their distribution in two different communication settings (conversation vs presentation setting),
combining a quantitative and a qualitative methodology, following Kosmala & Crible’s (2021) study on the same data. Particular
attention was paid to the co-occurring gestural activity of uh/ums and gaze behavior. Analyses show that the
pragmatic functions of FPs are also embodied in kinetic activities which differ according to the setting: more pragmatic and
referential ones were found during FPs in conversation than in the presentation setting, as well as more eye-contact, which
reflects their potential communicative role during interactional sequences.
The role of assessments in providing evasive answers in news interviews
Authors: Alroumi Abdulrahman , Lahlali El Mustapha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the role of assessments in the design of interviewees’ answers in news interviews settings on
two Arabic networks. It employs a Conversation Analysis approach, in addition to quantitative analysis, to observe the most
recurrent positions for emerging assessments in interviewees’ answers. In addition, it examines the role of these assessments in
providing evasive answers to interviewers’ questions. The data consists of twenty-eight hours of recorded Arab news interviews
from four shows: Liqāʾ Xāṣ (Special Interview) and Bilā Ḥudūd (Without Bounds) on Aljazeera and
Nuqṭat Niḏ̣ām (Point of Order) and Muqābalah Xāṣah (Special Interview) on Al-Arabiya. The
findings reveal that assessments emerge in recurrent positions in interviewees’ answers and play a role in their design. Likewise,
they show the role of assessments in the design of evasive answers.
Time-delay interferometry infinity for tilt-to-length noise estimation in LISA
Authors: Houba Niklas , Delchambre Simon , Hechenblaikner Gerald , Ziegler Tobias , Fichter Walter 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is a space-borne observatory designed to detect and characterize gravitational wave sources inaccessible to ground-based detectors. The mission relies on laser interferometry to measure changes in space-time. In this context, non-avoidable noise sources within the LISA system, including tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling, reduce the detector’s resolution and complicate achieving the mission’s goals unless appropriate mitigation strategies are implemented. This paper applies time-delay interferometry infinity (TDI-

∞

) for TTL noise estimation in LISA and assesses its suitability from the perspective of system identification and calibration for the first time. The recently published TDI-

∞

concept indicates a different frequency response within the LISA measurement band compared to the standard methodology of TDI second-generation. Our main contribution is demonstrating the advantages of the TDI-

∞

algorithm for TTL noise calibration in space-borne interferometer constellations. Specifically, we show that this algorithm improves the estimation performance of TTL noise due to its frequency behavior while requiring less computation time. The reduction in computational effort afforded by the TDI-

∞

algorithm could accelerate the availability of calibrated TDI data for astrophysical analysis if required by the LISA science community. The improvement in estimation performance underscores the concept’s potential to enhance the detector’s sensitivity further.
Motion equations in a Kerr–Newman–de Sitter spacetime: some methods of integration and application to black holes shadowing in Scilab
Authors: Garnier Arthur 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we recall some basic facts about the Kerr–Newman–(anti) de Sitter (KNdS) spacetime and review several formulations and integration methods for the geodesic equation of a test particle in such a spacetime. In particular, we introduce some basic general symplectic integrators in the Hamiltonian formalism and we re-derive the separated motion equations using Carter’s method. After this theoretical background, we explain how to ray-trace a KNdS black hole, equipped with a thin accretion disk, using Scilab. We compare the accuracy and execution time of the previous methods, concluding that the Carter equations is the best one. Then, inspired by Hagihara, we apply Weierstrass’ elliptic functions to the non-rotating case, yielding a fairly fast shadowing program for such a spacetime. We provide some illustrations of the code, including a depiction of the effects of the cosmological constant on shadows and accretion disk, as well as a simulation of M87*.
Complex actions and causality violations: applications to Lorentzian quantum cosmology
Authors: Asante Seth K , Dittrich Bianca , Padua-Argüelles José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor the construction of the Lorentzian path integral for gravity one faces two main questions: firstly, what configurations to include, in particular whether to allow Lorentzian metrics that violate causality conditions. And secondly, how to evaluate a highly oscillatory path integral over unbounded domains. Relying on Picard–Lefschetz theory to address the second question for discrete Regge gravity, we will illustrate that it can also answer the first question. To this end we will define the Regge action for complexified variables and study its analytical continuation. Although there have been previously two different versions defined for the Lorentzian Regge action, we will show that the complex action is unique. More precisely, starting from the different definitions for the action one arrives at equivalent analytical extensions. The difference between the two Lorentzian versions is only realized along branch cuts which arise for a certain class of causality violating configurations. As an application we discuss the path integral describing a finite evolution step of the discretized de Sitter Universe. We will in particular consider an evolution from vanishing to finite scale factor, for which the path integral defines the no-boundary wave function.
Teleparallel Newton–Cartan gravity
Authors: Schwartz Philip K 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We discuss a teleparallel version of Newton–Cartan gravity. This theory arises as a formal large-speed-of-light limit of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). Thus, it provides a geometric formulation of the Newtonian limit of TEGR, similar to standard Newton–Cartan gravity being the Newtonian limit of general relativity. We show how by a certain gauge-fixing the standard formulation of Newtonian gravity can be recovered.
Pair production in the rainbow dS2 space
Authors: Sahin O , Salti M , Aydogdu O , Sogut K 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study is devoted to discuss the rate of pair production in a two-dimensional de Sitter (dS2) type manifold with the help of the rainbow gravity formalism and the method of the Bogoliubov transformations. After obtaining exact analytical solutions of the Dirac equation for the selected rainbow metric, we focus on the creation rate of massive spin-1/2 particles.
Using transfer-learning-based algorithms as data reduction strategies for volatile organic compounds classification using plasma spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Xuan-Lun , Hsu Cheng-Che 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This work presents the use of transfer-learning-based algorithms as data reduction strategies for the classification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using the optical emission spectroscopy of plasmas. The plasma used is generated with a home-made microplasma generation device (MGD) ignited in the mixtures of Ar and VOCs. The spectra are acquired from ten MGDs. The VOCs tested are methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. VOCs are classified using a convolutional neural network. In addition, gradient-weighted class activation mapping is used as the explainable artificial intelligent technique. It ensures the model classification is based upon rational plasma physics by considering appropriate wavelengths. The VOC concentrations are then quantified using linear regression and an artificial neural network (ANN). The transfer learning-based algorithms tested are parameter transfer, REPTILE, and self-training. Spectral data from ten MGDs are grouped into source and target datasets. Ten MGDs are tested individually using a model that was trained on the other nine MGDs. The three MGDs with the lowest accuracy are chosen as the target dataset, while the other seven MGDs make up the source dataset. The original target dataset has 22 500 spectra and is further reduced to 12 600, 9000, 1800, 225, and 22 spectra to test the behavior of each algorithm. With 225 spectra used for training, the model trained with the random initial model shows an accuracy of 0.82. The models trained with parameter transfer and REPTILE have accuracies of 0.98 and 0.95, respectively. Finally, an ANN model is used to quantify the VOC concentration with an R
2 value of 0.9996. The results demonstrate the potential using transfer-learning-based algorithms as the data reduction strategies for classification of spectroscopic data.
Partial EEDF analysis and electron diagnostics of atmospheric-pressure argon and argon–helium DBD plasma
Authors: van der Gaag Thijs , Nezu Atsushi , Akatsuka Hiroshi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Partial arbitrary electron energy distribution function (EEDF) results for cold atmospheric-pressure plasma are reported. The EEDF is obtained using the visible bremsstrahlung inversion (VBI) method. This machine learning method requires only optical emission spectroscopy (OES) measurement and a momentum transfer cross section to determine a partial EEDF. Numerical EEDF of a pure-argon dielectric barrier discharge dataset with changing peak-to-peak voltage and a helium–argon discharge with changing mixture ratio are reported. Resemblance between the numerical EEDF and a two-temperature Maxwell distribution is observed and a simplified three-point numerical EEDF is obtained. The electron temperature and relative electron number density for the bulk and high-energy electron populations are measured. The bulk electron temperature was consistently 0.3 eV. For pure argon, the high-energy electron temperature decreased exponentially from 3 to 2.2 eV with increasing peak-to-peak voltage from 3.6 to 6.3 kV. For the helium–argon dataset, the high-energy electron temperature decreased linearly from 4.2 to 2.2 eV with increasing argon fraction 25%–100%. From an OES measurement, the arbitrary EEDF can be observed by utilization of the VBI method. Based on this numerical EEDF, appropriate assumptions can be applied to simplify the quantification of electron diagnostics.