bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen‐Doped TiO2 Nanotubes‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Small D‐π‐A‐Type Knoevenagel Adducts and β‐Enaminones
Authors: Sultana Shaik , Kumar Godugu , Sarma Loka Subramanyam , Venkatramu Vemula , Gangi Reddy Nallagondu Chinna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor the first time, interstitial nitrogen‐doped TiO2 nanotubes (INDTNTs) have been utilized as heterogeneous green catalysts for the synthesis of D‐π‐A‐type Knoevenagel adducts (3) and β‐enaminones (6). Notable advantages of the present method include its wide substrate scope, low catalyst loading, avoiding the use of hazardous bases and solvents, products do not require chromatographic purification, high yields, catalyst reusability, etc. The optimized catalyst, INDTNTs‐4 has been characterized by XRD, HRTEM, and XPS techniques. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of D‐π‐A‐type 3 and 6 have been evaluated. The study revealed that the colour tunability (cold white light to orange light) and the HOMO/LUMO levels depend mainly on the presence of various electron donating and withdrawing groups on the aromatic/heteroaromatic rings of 3 and 6. The results indicate that the D‐π‐A‐type 3 and 6 could be promising materials for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices.
Shaking table test of a 10‐story self‐centering tube building
Authors: Song Zhaoyang , Zhou Ying , Lu Yiqiu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe severe damage of conventionally designed buildings and consequent socioeconomic impacts after major seismic events have spurred the development of self‐centering systems with high seismic resilience. Post‐tensioned (PT) walls with rocking interfaces allowed to open and close and unbonded PT bars that provide most of the re‐centering ability have been developed extensively as a promising self‐centering technology. Aiming at providing essential insights into the seismic performance of self‐centering tube systems, a 1/6‐scale ten‐story self‐centering tube building was designed, constructed, and tested on a shaking table subjected to a series of unidirectional and bidirectional ground motions with increasing intensities. The test building consisted of a self‐centering tube that included four PT walls and provided the primary lateral force resistance in both directions, a perimeter rocking frame that was designed mainly to carry gravity loads, and particular connections with slots to accommodate the potential displacement incompatibility among the PT walls and surrounding components. The experimental results indicated the excellent seismic performance of the test building that had reliable structural integrity and experienced only confined damage even when subjected to extremely high intensities. The building also exhibited satisfactory re‐centering ability with minimal residual deformations at the conclusion of testing. It was demonstrated that the self‐centering tube system is a desirable low‐damage alternative to traditional tube systems in earthquake‐prone regions. The benchmark data from this test provided unique suggestions and support for further research on the design methods, numerical modeling, and experimental testing of self‐centering tube systems.
Distribution‐based PV module degradation model
Authors: Lai Guangzhi , Wang Dong , Wang Ziyue , Fan Fu , Wang Qihang , Wang Ruyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe degradation of photovoltaic modules has an impact on various parameters of photovoltaic modules. Ignoring the degradation of photovoltaic modules or inaccurate estimation of the degradation will lead to wrong power dispatching strategies and lead to economic losses. For PV module life estimation or reliability estimation, it is necessary to first establish an accurate statistical degradation model of PV module. The main goal of this paper is to analyze a selection of explicit PV module degradation model based on distribution. Since the degradation is related to time, the study assumed that those parameters in Gamma or Gaussian distributions are related to time. Five models are calculated based on maximum likelihood estimation and particle swarm optimization. Through verification and comparison on the measured PV module degradation data, the performance of these models in four cases: long‐term data fitting, long‐term data prediction, single‐module short‐term data fitting, and multimodule short‐term data fitting are evaluated. The results show that the model proposed in this paper has a great improvement over the original model, and the constant‐σ Gaussian distribution degradation model achieves the best performance.
Influence of blade trailing edge profile on unsteady pressure pulsations in a multistage centrifugal pump
Authors: Cui Bao‐Ling , Sun Fu‐You , Zhang Yu‐Liang , Liu Jin‐Xin , Xiao Jun‐Jian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChanging the shape of the blade trailing edge profile of a centrifugal pump is one of the effective means to improve the internal unsteady flow and pressure pulsation of a centrifugal pump. In this paper, the effect of four shapes of the blade trailing edge profile on the internal nonconstant pressure pulsation and internal flow of a multistage centrifugal pump is investigated by numerical simulation. The four types of blade trailing edges include prototype impeller (original trailing edge), pressure surface cut (ellipse on pressure side [EPS]), suction surface cut (ellipse on suction side [ESS]), and two‐side cut (ellipse on both sides). The results show that reasonable cutting of the trailing edge of the blade can reduce the pressure pulsation of the centrifugal pump. By comparing the pressure pulsation at fBPF, we found that the blade trailing edge profile can change the pressure pulsation. When the speed decreases, the periodicity of pressure pulsation becomes worse and the amplitude of pressure pulsation at fBPF decreases. The static pressure distribution at the trailing edge of the blade shows that EPS and ESS can effectively reduce the area of the high‐pressure gradient region at the trailing edge of the blade, and the dynamic–static interference effect is weakened, which leads to a lower pressure pulsation amplitude. The distribution of turbulent energy in different blade trailing edge centrifugal pumps corresponds to the distribution of static pressure in different blade trailing edge centrifugal pumps, further demonstrating the reliability of the static pressure distribution. The results of this study will further provide theoretical support for the optimization of the blade trailing edge profile.
Improved Gentry–Halevi's fully homomorphic encryption‐based lightweight privacy preserving scheme for securing medical Internet of Things
Authors: Praveen Ramalingam , Pabitha Parameswaran 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInternet of Medical Things (IoMT) solutions have proliferated rapidly in the COVID‐19 pandemic era. The smart medical sensors capture real‐time data from remote patients and communicate it to medical servers in a secure and privacy‐preserving manner. It is a herculean challenge to guarantee security and privacy in Medical IoT applications. Hence, an improved Gentry–Halevi's fully homomorphic encryption‐based (IGHFHE) lightweight privacy preserving user authentication scheme is proposed in this work. The scheme is proposed with an integer matrix computation strategy for securing data computation with privacy protection. It adopts the translation process of Gentry–Halevi's fully homomorphic encryption process for performing homomorphic addition and multiplication, then encrypt an integer matrix modulo that represents a positive integer. Extensive informal investigation and simulation of the proposed IGHFHE scheme shows that it is more resistant to well‐known attacks for preventing authentication breaches. Also, the proposed IGHFHE scheme reduced computational and storage overhead by 4.98% and 5.78% respectively on average in comparison to other prevailing schemes.
An emerging natural antioxidant therapy for COVID‐19 infection patients: Current and future directions
Authors: Shrivastava Amit Kumar , Sahu Prafulla Kumar , Cecchi Teresa , Shrestha Laxmi , Shah Sanjay Kumar , Gupta Anamika , Palikhey Anjan , Joshi Bishal , Gupta Pramodkumar P. , Upadhyaya Jitendra , Paudel Mahendra , Koirala Niranjan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) affects millions of people worldwide. The article aims to review the therapeutic perspective on natural antioxidants, their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics in management and cure of COVID‐19/ SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We conducted a literature search including World Health Organization and National Institute of Health guidelines and clinical trials registered with ClinicalTrials.gov limited to antioxidants in COVID‐19 management. Elderly, immunocompromised patients, and others with underlying health conditions or multiple comorbidities have a high mortality rate. Disrupted redox homeostasis and oxidative stress seem to be biological pathways that may increase personal vulnerability to infection. Antioxidants like vitamins C, D, E, epigallocatechin‐3 gallate, and morin have been reported to protect against COVID‐19 disease. Reactive oxygen species are immunological regulatory elements of viral replication. Natural antioxidants exhibit potential action in preventing inflammation and organ dysfunction during viral infection. They also increase glutathione level, oxygenation rate, and immunological responses in the treatment of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. No wonder the selection of prevention, treatment, and cure of COVID‐19 and SARS‐CoV‐2 mainly depends upon the antiviral and immunoregulatory activity which they possess. Yet, their efficacy against COVID‐19 is of great concern and demands extensive study.
Associations between spontaneous electroencephalogram oscillations and oxygen saturation across normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia
Authors: Hutcheon Evan A. , Vakorin Vasily A. , Nunes Adonay , Ribary Urs , Ferguson Sherri , Claydon Victoria E. , Doesburg Sam M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh‐altitude indoctrination (HAI) trains individuals to recognize symptoms of hypoxia by simulating high‐altitude conditions using normobaric (NH) or hypobaric (HH) hypoxia. Previous studies suggest that despite equivalent inspired oxygen levels, physiological differences could exist between these conditions. In particular, differences in neurophysiological responses to these conditions are not clear. Our study aimed to investigate correlations between oxygen saturation (SpO2) and neural responses in NH and HH. We recorded 5‐min of resting‐state eyes‐open electroencephalogram (EEG) and SpO2 during control, NH, and HH conditions from 13 participants. We applied a multivariate framework to characterize correlations between SpO2 and EEG measures (spectral power and multiscale entropy [MSE]), within each participant and at the group level. Participants were desaturating during the first 150 s of NH versus steadily desaturated in HH. We considered the entire time interval, first and second half intervals, separately. All the conditions were characterized by statistically significant participant‐specific patterns of EEG–SpO2 correlations. However, at the group level, the desaturation period expressed a robust pattern of these correlations across frequencies and brain locations. Specifically, the first 150 s of NH during desaturation differed significantly from the other conditions with negative absolute alpha power–SpO2 correlations and positive MSE–SpO2 correlations. Once steadily desaturated, NH and HH had no significant differences in EEG–SpO2 correlations. Our findings indicate that the desaturating phase of hypoxia is a critical period in HAI courses, which would require developing strategies for mitigating the hypoxic stimulus in a real‐world situation.
Changes in white matter microstructure following serial ketamine infusions in treatment resistant depression
Authors: Taraku Brandon , Woods Roger P. , Boucher Michael , Espinoza Randall , Jog Mayank , Al‐Sharif Noor , Narr Katherine L. , Zavaliangos‐Petropulu Artemis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKetamine produces fast‐acting antidepressant effects in treatment resistant depression (TRD). Though prior studies report ketamine‐related changes in brain activity in TRD, understanding of ketamine's effect on white matter (WM) microstructure remains limited. We thus sought to examine WM neuroplasticity and associated clinical improvements following serial ketamine infusion (SKI) in TRD. TRD patients (N = 57, 49.12% female, mean age: 39.9) received four intravenous ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/kg) 2–3 days apart. Diffusion‐weighted scans and clinical assessments (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HDRS‐17]; Snaith Hamilton Pleasure Scale [SHAPS]) were collected at baseline and 24‐h after SKI. WM measures including the neurite density index (NDI) and orientation dispersion index (ODI) from the neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) model, and fractional anisotropy (FA) from the diffusion tensor model were compared voxelwise pre‐ to post‐SKI after using Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics workflows to align WM tracts across subjects/time. Correlations between change in WM metrics and clinical measures were subsequently assessed. Following SKI, patients showed significant improvements in HDRS‐17 (p‐value = 1.8 E‐17) and SHAPS (p‐value = 1.97 E‐10). NDI significantly decreased in occipitotemporal WM pathways (p < .05, FWER/TFCE corrected). ΔSHAPS significantly correlated with ΔNDI in the left internal capsule and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (r = −0.614, p‐value = 6.24E‐09). No significant changes in ODI or FA were observed. SKI leads to significant changes in the microstructural features of neurites within occipitotemporal tracts, and changes in neurite density within tracts connecting the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cortex relate to improvements in anhedonia. NODDI may be more sensitive for detecting ketamine‐induced WM changes than DTI.
Perspectives of human–water co‐evolution of blue–green water resources in subtropical areas
Authors: Pan Zihao , Yang Shengtian , Lou Hezhen , Li Chaojun , Zhang Jun , Zhang Yujia , Luo Ya , Li Xi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBlue–green water resources and their transformation play a vital role in crop production and ecosystem services regulation, and their distribution and utilization are affected by human activity, such as policy‐driven green water resources development projects. However, it is unclear how policy‐driven green water resources development projects, such as the Grain for Green Project (GGP) in China, affect eco‐environmental quality and socio‐economic development, that is, human–water co‐evolution. Therefore, considering the GGP in a subtropical ungauged basin in southern China as an example, based on remote sensing hydrological station (RSHS) technology and multisource remote sensing data, this study analyzed the impact of the GGP on human–water co‐evolution from the perspective of blue–green water resources. The results show that: (1) From 2001 to 2020 the GGP transformed more blue water resources into green water resources, resulting in an increase in green water resources of 282.29% compared to that of blue water resources. (2) Due to the initial success of the GGP in 2005, there was a distinct positive correlation between the green water coefficient (GWC) and basin development index (BDI) from 2005 to 2020 (R2 = 0.70, p < 0.05), indicating that the GGP did not cause conflict between the sustainability of socio‐economic development and the health of the ecological environment. (3) In the GGP scenario, in which the cultivated land area maintained 50% of the current decreasing rate, the overall efficiency index maintain a continuously increasing trend at an average rate of 0.001 year−1 from 2021 to 2050, which not only improved the eco‐environmental quality but also met cultivated land demand. This research reveals the role of GGP in promoting the transformation from blue to green water resources, and proves the feasibility of the simultaneous promotion of GGP and socio‐economic development, providing significant insights for the promotion of policy‐driven green water resources development projects and long‐term blue–green water resources planning and management in other countries or regions.
PM2.5 induces autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis by endoplasmic reticulum stress in SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Guo Can Can , Xu Zhao Meng , Lyu Yi , Li Xiao Hui , Li Zhao Fei , He Hui , Tian Feng Jie , Zheng Jin Ping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been a global environmental problem threatening public health in recent years. PM2.5 exposure was associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases related to neuronal apoptosis. Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of programmed the cell death, characterized by excess iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation products. Whether PM2.5 could induce ferroptosis in cells and thus be involved in its neurotoxicity is unknown. In this study, we found that PM2.5 induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis in neuroblastoma human neuroblastoma cells (SH‐SY5Y). Interestingly, ferroptosis was the predominant form of mortality in the presence of high doses of PM2.5 exposure. In addition, the endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4‐phenylbutyric acid (4‐PBA) inhibited PM2.5‐induced cellular autophagy, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Autophagy inhibitors chloroquine (CQ) alleviated PM2.5‐induced ferroptosis but did not reverse apoptosis. We also found that inhibition of both endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy reversed the PM2.5‐induced increase in the expression level of cytophagy nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4). Our results suggested that PM2.5‐induced ferroptosis in SH‐SY5Y cells was autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis due to endoplasmic reticulum stress, which might be associated with the elevation of iron content caused by NCOA4‐mediated ferritin autophagy.
Heterogeneity in winged helix‐turn‐helix and substrate DNA interactions: Insights from theory and experiments
Authors: Boral Aparna , Mitra Devrani 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpecific interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and substrate DNA constitute the fundamental basis of gene expression. Unlike in TFs like basic helix‐loop‐helix or basic leucine zippers, prediction of substrate DNA is extremely challenging for helix‐turn‐helix (HTH). Experimental techniques like chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with massively parallel DNA sequencing remains a viable option. We characterize the molecular basis of heterogeneity in HTH‐DNA interaction using in silico tools and thence validate them experimentally. Given the profound functional diversity in HTH, we focus primarily on winged‐HTH (wHTH). We consider 180 wHTH TFs, whose experimental three‐dimensional structures are available in DNA bound/unbound conformations. Starting with PDB‐wide scanning and curation of data, we construct a phylogenetic tree, which distributes 180 wHTH sequences under multiple sub‐groups. Structure‐sequence alignment followed by detailed intra/intergroup analysis, covariation studies and extensive network theory analysis help us to gain deep insight into heterogeneous wHTH‐substrate DNA interactions. A central aim of this study is to find a consensus to predict the substrate DNA sequence for wHTH, amidst heterogeneity. The strength of our exhaustive theoretical investigations including molecular docking are successfully tested through experimental characterization of wHTH TF from Sulfurimonas denitrificans.
Causal linkage of tobacco smoking with ageing: Mendelian randomization analysis towards telomere attrition and sarcopenia
Authors: Park Sehoon , Kim Seong Geun , Lee Soojin , Kim Yaerim , Cho Semin , Kim Kwangsoo , Kim Yong Chul , Han Seung Seok , Lee Hajeong , Lee Jung Pyo , Joo Kwon Wook , Lim Chun Soo , Kim Yon Su , Kim Dong Ki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAgeing traits and frailty are important health issues in modern medicine. Evidence supporting the causal effects of tobacco smoking on various ageing traits is required.MethodsThis study performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis instrumenting 377 genetic variants associated with being an ever‐smoker at a genome‐wide significance level to test the causal estimates from tobacco smoking. The outcome data were obtained from 337 138 white British ancestry participants from the UK Biobank. Leucocyte telomere length, appendicular lean mass index, subjective walking pace, handgrip strength, and wristband accelerometry‐determined physical activity degree were collected as ageing‐related outcomes. Summary‐level MR analysis was performed using the inverse variance‐weighted method and pleiotropy‐robust MR methods, including weighted median and MR‐Egger. Observational association between the outcome traits and phenotypically being an ever‐smoker was also investigated.ResultsSummary‐level MR analysis indicated that a higher genetic predisposition for tobacco smoking was significantly associated with shorter leucocyte telomere length (twofold increase in prevalence of smoking towards standardized Z‐score, −0.041 [−0.054, −0.028]), lower appendicular lean mass index (−0.007 [−0.010, −0.005]), slower walking pace (ordinal category, −0.047 [−0.054, −0.033]) and lower time spent on moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (hours per week, −0.39 [−0.56, −0.23]). The causal estimates were non‐significant towards handgrip strength phenotype (kg, 0.074 [−0.055, 0.204]). Pleiotropy‐robust MR results generally supported the main causal estimates. The observational findings also showed significant association between being an ever‐smoker and the ageing traits.ConclusionsGenetically predicted and observational tobacco smoking status are significantly associated with poor ageing phenotypes. Healthcare providers may continue to reduce tobacco use, which may be helpful in reducing the burden of ageing and frailty.
Saccharin‐catalyzed multicomponent cascade reactions for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4,6‐pentasubstituted piperidines
Authors: Xia Zihao , Wu Lisha , Yan Shiqiang , Zhao Hanqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA convenient and efficient method is developed for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4,6‐pentasubstituted piperidines via a three‐component, one‐pot domino reaction of β‐ketoesters, aromatic aldehydes, and aromatic amines in the presence of a catalytic amount of saccharin in methanol at 40°C. The desired piperidines could be easily collected through simple filtration with excellent diastereoselectivities.