bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiographic peri‐implant tissue changes for implants restored with convex or concave abutment shapes: A 3‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Koutouzis Theofilos , Ali Abdulaziz , AlRubaie Mohammed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to evaluate peri‐implant tissue levels over a 3‐year period for implants connected to either convex or concave final abutments at the time of implant placement.Materials and MethodsIn this randomized, double‐masked, controlled clinical study, 28 patients with one missing maxillary premolar were assigned to receive one single implant with a permanent abutment of either convex (CONVEX Group) or concave (CONCAVE Group) emergence shape at the time of implant placement. Clinical and radiographic data were collected at the time of implant placement (IP), final prosthesis delivery (PR), 12 months (FU‐1), and 36 months (FU‐3) following implant placement.ResultsAt the FU‐3 13 patients were available from the CONCAVE Group (n = 13) and eleven from the CONVEX Group (n = 11). The mean change in buccal peri‐implant mucosa position (MP) from IP to FU‐3 was −0.54 ± 0.93 mm for the CONVEX Group and − 0.53 ± 0.87 mm for CONCAVE Group (p = .98). The amount of bone remodeling above the implant platform from IP to FU‐3 was −0.69 ± 0.48 mm for the CONVEX Group and −0.16 ± 0.22 mm for the CONCAVE Group (p = .005).ConclusionThe study failed to support the hypothesis that abutment macro‐design has an effect on buccal peri‐implant mucosa margin position over time.
The evolution of the Swedish market model
Authors: Sanandaji Nima , Ström Viktor , Esmaeilzadeh Mouna , Esmaeilzadeh Saeid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSweden historically pioneered many aspects of a modern market economy, hosting the first known share company, the first European credit notes, and the first central bank. Anders Chydenius's booklet Den nationella vinsten (The National Gain) was printed in 1765, 11 years before Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations. Sweden was early in extending to women the rights to pursue professions and own businesses. Today, Sweden and its Nordic neighbours evince an unusual combination of high taxes and some of the freest economies in the world. Another characteristic feature is long‐standing trust, which facilitates investment and cooperation. It also allows for decentralised decision‐making, a characteristic feature of Nordic business management. Sweden's unusual high‐trust culture significantly affects economic activity.
An orthodontic tooth brushing technique to enhance oral hygiene in patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mei Li , Kang Austin , Jin Carrol , Farella Mauro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn effective tooth brushing technique is essential in maintaining oral hygiene, especially for patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Traditional tooth brushing techniques are mainly designed for the general population without orthodontic appliances, which may not account for the oral condition of orthodontic patients due to the increased biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to design an orthodontic tooth brushing technique and compare its effectiveness with the traditional modified Bass technique.MethodsSixty patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances were included in this two‐arm paralleling randomized controlled trial. Thirty patients were assigned to the modified Bass technique group and 30 patients were assigned to the orthodontic tooth brushing technique group. The orthodontic tooth brushing technique involved a biting motion on the head of toothbrush in order to place the toothbrush bristles behind the archwires and around the brackets. Plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were used to assess oral hygiene. Outcome measurements were taken at baseline and 1 month after the intervention.ResultsThe new orthodontic tooth brushing technique significantly reduced PI (average PI reduction = 0.42 ± 0.13), especially in the gingival (0.53 ± 0.15) and interproximal (0.52 ± 0.18) areas (p < 0.05 for all). No significant reduction was found for the GI (p > 0.05 for all).ConclusionThe new orthodontic tooth brushing technique showed a promising result in reducing PI in patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances.
A rapid and flexible microneutralization assay for serological assessment of influenza viruses
Authors: Rumfelt Kalee E. , Fitzsimmons William J. , Truscon Rachel , Monto Arnold S. , Martin Emily T. , Lauring Adam S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSerological responses from influenza vaccination or infection are typically measured by hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) or microneutralization (MN). Both methods are limited in feasibility, standardization, and generalizability to recent strains. We developed a luciferase MN (LMN) assay that combines the advantages of the conventional MN assay with the ease of the HAI assay.MethodsSera were obtained from the HIVE study, a Michigan household cohort. Reverse genetics was used to generate recombinant influenza viruses expressing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of test strains, all other viral proteins from an A/WSN/1933 backbone, and a NanoLuc reporter. Serum neutralization of luciferase‐expressing targets was quantified as a reduction in light emission from infected cells. Neutralization titers were measured for cell‐ and egg‐adapted versions of A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 and A/Singapore/INFIMH‐16‐0019/2016 and compared to HAI titers against egg‐grown antigens.ResultsThree hundred thirty‐three sera were collected from 259 participants between May 2016 and July 2018. Sampled participants were 7–68 years of age, and >80% were vaccinated against influenza. HAI and LMN titers were correlated for A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (ρ = 0.52, p ≤ 0.01) and A/Singapore/INFIMH‐16‐0019/2016 (ρ = 0.79, p ≤ 0.01). LMN titers were lower for cell strains compared to egg strains (A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 mean log2 fold change = −2.66, p ≤ 0.01 and A/Singapore/INFIMH‐16‐0019/2016 mean log2 fold change = −3.15, p ≤ 0.01).ConclusionsThe LMN assay was feasible using limited sample volumes and able to differentiate small antigenic differences between egg‐adapted and cell‐derived strains. The correspondence of these results with the commonly used HAI confirms the utility of this assay for high‐throughput studies of correlates of protection and vaccine response.
UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY IN OCTOGENARIANS
Authors: Safe A F , Owens D 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYA retrospective study of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) in 217 octogenarians performed over a two‐year period in a district general hospital was carried out. It showed that upper GIE in octogenarians is as safe and easy as in other age groups, and provides more useful information. Patients were referred mainly by the geriatricians for elective endoscopy, reflecting the growing recognition of the value of elective upper GIE in the very elderly.The incidence of peptic ulcer disease as a cause of upper GI bleeding was much less than previously reported. Thirty‐nine patients with upper GI haemorrhage had an endoscopy within 24 hours. We believe that this helps to identify patients with a high risk of mortality and those who might benefit from early surgery. Eighty per cent of the patients had one or more associated diseases, but there were no complications from endoscopy. We would like to emphasise that there is no contraindication for upper GIE in very elderly patients.
MALIGNANT MELANOMA — A REVIEW: EARLY DIAGNOSIS IS THE KEY
Authors: Higgins E , du Vivier A 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThe face of malignant melanoma is changing. The incidence is rising, and the disease is tending to affect a younger age group. Publicity about the disease is intense, and the trend is towards earlier diagnosis. Early diagnosis is essential, as the only effective treatment remains surgical excision, which is curative for thin lesions.
A CASE OF SYNCHRONOUS BILATERAL SEPARATE PRIMARY MALE BREAST CARCINOMAS
Authors: Deacock S J , Ohri S K 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYBreast carcinoma in the male is uncommon, but to find a case of bilateral synchronous primary separate carcinomas is extremely rare. We report on the management of such a case, illustrating current concepts in therapy. This case highlights the fact that, as in the female, bilateral breast carcinomas can occur in the male and the attending surgeon should remain vigilant at all times when treating unilateral disease.
EXTRA CRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS PRESENTING AS PULSATILE TINNITUS
Authors: Yardley M P J , Knight L C 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYWe present two cases of extra cranial arteriovenous malformations, which presented as pulsatile tinnitus. They were originally diagnosed by clinical examination and both lesions were subsequently confirmed by angiography and their feeding vessels defined. One case was managed by surgical excision, which produced relief of symptoms. The diagnosis and management of arteriovenous malformations is discussed.
ASSESSMENT OF REVERSIBILITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Barros M J , Rees P J 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYReversibility of airflow obstruction was considered for many years to be a hallmark of asthma. It is now clear that many patients with chronic airflow obstruction, often labelled as chronic obstructive airways disease or chronic bronchitis and emphysema, show some bronchodilation following various drugs.1 At present there is no clinical or physiological factor which reliably predicts the bronchodilator response of such patients to a given medication,2,3 and individual testing of these drugs is necessary. However, the literature on bronchodilator responses in chronic airflow obstruction is confused. There are differences in the selection of patients, the tests used and the interpretation of the results. The aim of this review is to highlight the main problems found when measuring reversibility in such patients, the different factors that influence the reversibility testing and the biases which may confound the interpretation of the results.
A PRESENTATION OF ANAPLASTIC CARCINOMA OF THE THYROID WITH SYMPTOMATIC INTRA‐ABDOMINAL METASTASES
Authors: Lip G Y H , Jaap A J , McCruden D C 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYAnaplastic thyroid carcinoma usually presents with symptoms related to local invasion and compression of structures in the neck. We report a patient with intra‐abdominal metastases presenting with symptoms suggestive of local gastrointestinal disease. Abdominal CT scan and initial laparotomy findings were suggestive of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
LONG‐TERM SURVIVAL OF A PATIENT WITH MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA OF BONE
Authors: Shewring D J , Addis B J , Carvell J E 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYMalignant lymphoma of bone is an uncommon tumour. A number of studies have outlined the clinicopathological findings and overall favourable prognosis in adults.1,2,3 We report on a woman whose tumour was originally diagnosed as a secondary carcinoma of the upper femur. Twenty‐three years later following proximal femoral replacement, the original histology was reviewed using immunohistochemical techniques and revised to B‐cell malignant lymphoma of bone.
DRESSLER'S SYNDROME PRESENTING AS ACUTE PNEUMONITIS
Authors: Gallen I W , Johnston I D A , Tattersall R B 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYAn elderly man developed acute pneumonitis three weeks after a myocardial infarction treated with streptokinase. The differential diagnoses are discussed and a short review of lung disease in the post‐myocardial infarction syndrome is presented.
SPLENIC ABSCESS: IS CONSERVATION APPLICABLE?
Authors: Akoh J A , Auld C D 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYA rare occurrence of salmonella abscess in a congenital cyst of the spleen is presented. Although splenectomy was curative, the role of splenic salvage is discussed. Percutaneous drainage is curative in about 70% of cases and may be the treatment of choice in solitary thick‐walled abscesses. It should be remembered, however, that residual or regenerated splenic tissue is no absolute guarantee against sepsis. The treatment of splenic abscess should be individualised.
STERNO‐COSTO‐CLAVICULAR HYPEROSTOSIS
Authors: Taylor H G , Dawes P T 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYSterno‐costo‐clavicular hyperostosis (SCCH) is a condition of unknown aetiology in which a chronic inflammatory osteitis affects predominantly the medial clavicle, sternum and distal tibia and femur, sometimes associated with skin disease. We report on two patients with the typical bony lesions of SCCH and no associated skin disease.
ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THEIR ILLNESS AND TREATMENT
Authors: Radhamanohar M , Than M , Rizvi S 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYOne hundred and twenty two patients over the age of 65 were questioned about their knowledge of their illness and treatment. They were unaware of a quarter of both their illnesses and medications. There was a considerable lack of knowledge about certain groups of diseases and medications, while patients were much better informed about others. The possible reasons for this discrepancy are briefly discussed and some practical suggestions are put forward.
AN UNUSUAL CAUSE FOR RESPIRATORY DIFFICULTY AFTER THYROIDECTOMY
Authors: Krishnan H , May R E 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYProblems with breathing immediately after extubation following thyroidectomy are rare, but can usually be attributed to a surgical error such as damage to one or both recurrent laryngeal nerves. Tracheomalacia may also cause respiratory distress following extubation. We present an unusual cause of failure to resume spontaneous respiration after thyroidectomy.
ISOLATED DUODENAL VARICES AS A CAUSE OF MASSIVE GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING
Authors: Brown J N , Cooper J C 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYPortal hypertension and the development of varices in areas of portosystemic venous anastomoses can lead to dramatic and life‐threatening haemorrhage. Varices most commonly occur in the gastro‐oesophageal region but ectopic varices can arise at other sites in the gastrointestinal tract. This report describes a patient with massive haemorrhage from duodenal varices. We believe the case highlights the importance of considering ectopic varices as a cause of gastro‐intestinal haemorrhage especially when oesophageal varices are absent.
THE EFFICACY AND SEDATIVE PROFILE OF ASTEMIZOLE AND CETIRIZINE IN THE TREATMENT OF GRASS POLLEN HAYFEVER IN GENERAL PRACTICE
Authors: Harcup J W , Hawkes G , Saul P A 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThe antihistamines astemizole and cetirizine were compared for the treatment of grass pollen hayfever in 158 patients who received either astemizole (10 mg od) or cetirizine (10 mg od) for a four week period in a randomised double‐blind, double‐dummy, parallel group, comparative assessment.Patients visited their general practitioner (GP) on three occasions and at each visit the GP made an assessment of the severity of individual hayfever symptoms. Patients recorded daily throughout the study the severity of their hayfever symptoms and their level of daytime sedation on visual analogue scales in a diary card. The primary measure of efficacy was the overall symptom visual analogue scores recorded daily by the patients.The results demonstrate that these two antihistamines are equally effective treatments for hayfever, in terms of magnitude of symptom relief, speed of onset of symptom improvement and lack of sedative effect.
AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF BILATERAL TUBAL ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Authors: Erian M , McLaren G R 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThe diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is sometimes difficult on clinical grounds because of the varied presentation. The clinical triad of amenorrhoea, abnormal vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain often raises the suspicion of the diagnosis. There are, however, instances where one or other feature of the triad may be absent.The present case report illustrates an example of bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancies presenting without amenorrhoea. In this case the presentation was similar to an acute gastrointestinal problem.
Anisotropy free energy contribution of the ferroelectric domain dynamics in PMN‐PT and PIN‐PMN‐PT relaxor ferroelectrics
Authors: Pérez‐Moyet Richard , Cardona‐Quintero Yenny , Doyle Ian M. , Heitmann Adam A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA direct correlation between the materials property behavior with its associated ferroelectric domain mechanisms and the anisotropic component of the Landau free energy is established for binary PMN‐PT (generation I) and ternary PIN‐PMN‐PT (generation II) relaxor ferroelectric single crystal material systems. In addition to their trade‐off in material properties, the observed ferroelectric domain dynamic and the determined free energy anisotropies, especially as approaching phase transition, provide direct insights into the materials field‐dependent behavior between the binary and ternary ferroelectric systems. Domain configuration features such as lamellar structures in binary PMN‐PT and concentric oval‐like structures in ternary PIN‐PMN‐PT result in different material responses to external stimuli. Compared to binary PMN‐PT, the concentric oval‐like domain structures of ternary PIN‐PMN‐PT result in a 20°C higher temperature range of field‐dependent linear behavior, 40% increase in coercive electric field higher elastic stiffness during ferroelectric domain switching, and lower electromechanical energy losses. Separation of the isotropic and anisotropic components in the Landau free energy reveals a higher anisotropic free energy contribution from the ternary system, especially at temperature for practical applications. The high anisotropic free energy found in the ternary PIN‐PMN‐PT system implies that the concentric oval‐like domain structure contributes to reduced electromechanical energy losses and enhanced stability under external applied fields.
Parents Plus parenting programme for parents of adolescents with intellectual disabilities: A cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: McMahon Suzanne M. , Wilson Charlotte E. , Sharry John 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the effectiveness of the Parents Plus Special Needs (PPSN) programme, a seven‐week parenting group intervention for parents of adolescents with intellectual disabilities.MethodIn a cluster randomised controlled trial, 24 intellectual disability services supporting families of adolescents with an intellectual disability were assigned to PPSN (12 services; 141 parents) or waitlist control group (12 services; 136 parents). Primary outcomes were parent‐reported parenting practices, family adjustment, problem behaviours, emotional problems, and prosocial behaviours. Secondary outcomes were parental satisfaction, parental self‐efficacy, and goal attainment.ResultsCompared to the waitlist group, participants in the PPSN group reported improvements in parenting practices, problem behaviours, parental satisfaction, parental self‐efficacy and goal attainment, which were retained at 3‐month follow‐up. There were additional gains for family adjustment at follow‐up.ConclusionThe PPSN is effective in improving parenting behaviour, family relationships, and problem behaviours in adolescents, but not in improving emotional difficulties.
Damage and recovery of the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles from running a full marathon
Authors: Fukano Mako , Nakagawa Kento , Higashihara Ayako , Inami Takayuki , Narita Takaya 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo investigate the effects of full marathon running on intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscle damage and to determine the relationship with the height change of the longitudinal foot arch following full marathon completion.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging‐measured transverse relaxation time (T2) of the abductor hallucis (ABH), flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) and quadratus plantae (QP), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), tibialis posterior (TP), and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) from 22 collegiate runners were assessed before and 1, 3, and 8 days after full marathon running. The three‐dimensional foot posture of 10 of the 22 runners was further obtained using a foot scanner system before and 1, 3, and 8 days after the marathon.ResultsMarathon‐induced increases in T2 were observed in the QP, FDL, TP, and FHL 1 day after the marathon (+7.5%, +4.7%, +6.7%, and +5.9%, respectively), with the increased T2 of TP persisting until 3 days after the marathon (+4.6%). T2 changes of FDL and FHL from pre‐marathon to DAY 1 showed direct correlations with the corresponding change in the arch height ratio (r = 0.823, p = 0.003, and r = 0.658, p = 0.038).ConclusionThe damage and recovery response from a full marathon differed among muscles; QP, FDL, TP, and FHL increased T2 after the marathon, whereas ABH and FDB did not. In addition, T2 changes in FDL and FHL and the arch height ratio change were correlated. Our results suggest that the extrinsic foot muscles could be more susceptible to damage than the intrinsic during marathon running.
Efficacy of short‐term combination of intralymphatic allergen immunotherapy and lokivetmab treatment in canine atopic dermatitis: A double‐blinded, controlled, randomised study
Authors: van Amersfort Kelly , Vernooij Johannes C. M. , van der Lee Annette 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAllergen‐specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is an effective therapy for canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). Intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is potentially beneficial in decreasing time to clinical effectiveness.ObjectiveTo compare clinical efficacy of six monthly ILIT injections combined with three monthly injections of lokivetmab (LVM) with monthly LVM monotherapy at Day (D)168. To monitor dogs treated with ILIT for an additional six months of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).AnimalsThirty‐six client‐owned dogs with cAD.Materials and MethodsIn this double‐blinded, randomised study, dogs received either six monthly injections of ILIT combined with three monthly LVM injections (ILIT group) or six monthly LVM injections (LVM group). Monthly evaluations with pruritus Visual Analogue Scale (pVAS), Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI‐04) and medication scores (MS) were undertaken. Owners completed a Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaire. Treatment success was predefined as ≥50% reduction in pVAS and CADESI‐04 score ≤ 10. After D168, the ILIT group continued with SCIT until subjective assessment at 12 months.ResultsThe treatment benchmark at D168 was achieved by 11.1% of the ILIT group and 11.8% of LVM group. A significant decrease in mean pVAS and CADESI scores was observed in both groups (p < 0.001). The ILIT group had a trend towards higher MS compared to LVM. QoL was better in LVM (p = 0.01). At 12 months subjective good‐to‐excellent response in 77.8% of dogs in the ILIT/SCIT group was seen.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThe efficacy of this ILIT protocol was comparable with LVM monotherapy at six months. When ILIT was continued with SCIT, a favourable response was seen.