bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary Cytokines as Potential Biomarkers of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Saiyed Nazia , Yilmaz Ali , Vishweswariah Sangeetha , Maiti Amit K. , Ustun Ilyas , Bartolone Sarah , Brown-Hughes Travonia , Thorpe Roland J. , Osentoski Tammy , Ruff Stacey , Pai Amita , Maddens Michael , Imam Khaled , Graham Stewart F. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 80% of all cases. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal aging and AD. Early detection is crucial, as irreversible brain damage occurs before symptoms manifest. Objective: This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of AD by analyzing urinary cytokine concentrations. We investigated 37 cytokines in AD, MCI, and cognitively normal individuals (NC), assessing their associations with AD development. Methods: Urinary cytokine concentrations were measured in AD ( n = 25), MCI ( n = 25), and NC ( n = 26) patients. IL6ST and MMP-2 levels were compared between AD and NC, while TNFRSF8, IL6ST, and IL-19 were assessed in AD versus MCI. Diagnostic models distinguished AD from NC, and in-silico analysis explored molecular mechanisms related to AD. Results: Significant perturbations in IL6ST and MMP-2 concentrations were observed in AD urine compared to NC, suggesting their potential as biomarkers. TNFRSF8, IL6ST, and IL-19 differed significantly between AD and MCI, implicating them in disease progression. Diagnostic models exhibited promising performance (AUC: 0.59–0.79, sensitivity: 0.72–0.80, specificity: 0.56–0.78) in distinguishing AD from NC. In-silico analysis revealed molecular insights, including relevant non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and transcription factors. Conclusion: This study establishes significant associations between urinary cytokine concentrations and AD and MCI. IL6ST, MMP-2, TNFRSF8, IL6ST, and IL-19 emerge as potential biomarkers for early detection of AD. In-silico analysis enhances understanding of molecular mechanisms in AD. Further validation and exploration of these biomarkers in larger cohorts are warranted to assess their clinical utility.
Predictive Value of Computed Tomography Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Alam Syed M. , Martin Austin , McLeay Matthew T. , Smith Holly , Golshani Mahgol , Thompson Jeffrey , Sardiu Mihaela , Best Shaun , Taylor John A. 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy (RC) remains standard treatment for select patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Although computed tomography (CT) is often obtained prior to RC, its ability to predict pathologic response is poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of CT in assessing disease burden after NAC. METHODS: Patients with MIBC having received NAC prior to RC were identified. Pre- and post-NAC CT scans were reviewed by an abdominal radiologist. The correlation between pathologic complete response (PCR) and radiologic complete response (RCR) was determined as the primary aim. As a secondary aim, the correlation between pathologic partial response (PPR) and radiologic partial response (RPR) was determined. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the predictive value of CT in determining disease burden at RC. RESULTS: A total of 141 patients were identified for analysis. PCR and PPR was achieved in 34% and 16% of patients, respectively. The positive predictive value of post-NAC CT was 53.5% for PCR and 28.8% for PPR. The negative predictive value of post-NAC CT was 73.5% for PCR and 46.2% for PPR. There was no significant association between RCR and PCR (OR 1.13, p = 0.67). Similarly, there was no meaningful association between RPR and PPR, lymph node involvement, or presence of extravesical disease. CONCLUSIONS: CT findings correlate poorly with final pathology at RC and should not be used to evaluate local disease burden.
Riemann Hypothesis on Grönwall's Function
Authors: Vega Frank 
Published: June 2023

Grönwall's function \(G\) is defined for all natural numbers \(n>1\) by \(G(n)=\frac{\sigma(n)}{n \cdot \log \log n}\) where \(\sigma(n)\) is the sum of the divisors of \(n\) and \(\log\) is the natural logarithm. We require the properties of extremely abundant numbers, that is to say left to right maxima of \(n \mapsto G(n)\). We also use the colossally abundant and hyper abundant numbers. There are several statements equivalent to the famous Riemann hypothesis. We state that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if there exist infinitely many consecutive colossally abundant numbers \(N< N'\) such that \(G(N)< G(N')\). In addition, we prove that the Riemann hypothesis is true when there exist infinitely many hyper abundant numbers \(n\) with any parameter \(u > 1\). We claim that there could be infinitely many hyper abundant numbers with any parameter \(u > 1\) and thus, the Riemann hypothesis would be true.
İbrahim Gülşenî Divanında Tezat Sanatı Kullanımları Uses of The Art of Contrast
Authors: TÖRE Emre 
Published: June 2023

Tezat sanatı, anlamı güzelleştirerek anlatılmak istenilen düşünceyi daha etkili dile getirmek için kullanılan bir edebi sanattır. Belagat ilminin bedii alanında anlam sanatları içerisinde değerlendirilmektedir. Tezat sanatına, tıbak, tatbik, mutabakat, mütezad da denmektedir.
Kuran-ı Kerim’de ve dini içerikli metinlerde zıtlıklar önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bunun yansıması olarak da dinî-tasavvufî içerikli şiirlerin kavram dünyasının temelinde tezat sanatının kullanımı doğal bir süreç olarak gelişmiştir. Kâinatta her şey zıddıyla kaimdir düşüncesiyle dinî-tasavvufî temalı manzum eserlerde tezat sanatı yoğun bir şekilde ve zengin bir kelime dağarcığı ile kullanılmıştır.
Klasik dönemde tezat sanatı ile ilgili bilgilerin belagat eserleri içinde yer aldığı görülmektedir. Günümüzde ise bu bilgiler edebiyat bilimi ve edebî sanatlar hakkında yazılan kitaplarda bulunmaktadır. Doğrudan tezat ile ilgili müstakil çalışmaların ise sayısı bir hayli azdır.
İbrahim Gülşenî, kendisinin vefatından sonra tesis edilen Gülşenîlik tarikatının lideri olan bir mutasavvıftır. Halk tarafından çok sevilmiş, yaşadığı coğrafyaların yönetici sınıfından ilgi ve hürmet görmüştür. Aynı zamanda üretken bir şairdir. Türkçe ve Arapça Divanları ile birlikte özellik yaklaşık kırk bin beyitten oluşan Farsça kaleme alınmış Manevi adlı eseri bulunmaktadır. Bunlarında haricinde Pendnâme, Çoban-nâme, Tahkikat-ı Gülşenî, Makâmât-ı İlâhî ve Kıdemnâme adlı Türkçe eserleri mevcuttur. Sadece Divan’ında 1280 gazel, 1 mesnevi, 5 tuyuğ ve 1 murabba bulunmaktadır. Mutasavvıf kimliği ile ön plana çıkan İbrahim Gülşenî eserlerinde tasavvuf konularını ele almaktadır. Divan’ındaki şiirlerinde genelinde Yunus Emre’nin lirik ve sade anlatımına yaklaşmaktadır. Kimi şiirlerini ise Divan Edebiyatının klasik mazmunlarıyla ve nispeten ağdalı bir dille kaleme aldığı görülmektedir. Şiirlerini düşüncelerini anlatmak, yaşadığı hali ve coşkunluğu aktarmak için bir araç olarak kullanmıştır.
Bu çalışma kapsamında tezat sanatına ilişkin günümüze kadar gelen bilgiler derlenmiştir. Ayrıca tasavvuf temalı edebî metinlerde tezat sanatı kullanımları değerlendirilmiştir. İbrahim Gülşenî ve eserleri hakkında verilen bilgilerden sonra Divanı’ndaki şiirlerinde kullandığı tezat sanatı örnekleri incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme neticesinde Gülşenî’nin şiirlerinin anlam dünyasının tespit edilebilmesi için veriler ortaya konmuştur. Âyetlerle ve dini-tasavvufi terminolojide yer bulan evvel ahir, zâhir bâtın, ölmek dirilmek, vahdet kesret, hayır şer gibi zıt kavramların Gülşenî Divanı’nda yer alan şiirlerle örtüştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Divan’da sık kullanılan tezatların kullanım çeşitlilikleri örneklerle açıklanmış, tespit edilen tezatlar, kullanım sayıları ile birlikte sunulmuştur. Tezatlar ve kullanım sıklıkları göz önünde bulundurularak Gülşenî’nin düşünce dünyası araştırılmış, tasavvufi anlam dünyası içinde ve Klasik Edebiyat mazmunlarının kullanımı ile düşünceyi açıklama yollarından biri olarak tezat sanatının kullanıldığı ortaya konulmuştur.
Cinematic Space
Authors: Barlas Gulmeena 
Published: June 2023

<p> Architecture creates spaces for users to situate themselves and carry out their experiences; however, the narrative of everyday social life is often lost within a banal environment where spaces are constructed for universal use. Exploring the importance of space, movement, time and event in architecture and cinema will help address the issue homogenization of space and propose a methodology to rethink the ways of developing the spaces we inhabit. The aim of this thesis is meant to uncover the substantial connections that have always linked film and spatial awareness. This thesis proposes a cinematic composition of design tactics, where filmmaking principles are reconceived as design methodology for the creation of cinematic space. By applying the techniques to the project of the Rest Hut, cinematic architecture will be uncovered. Investigating the relationship between cinema and architecture will establish architecture as an unfolding event that can immerse its participants in a spectacle of space. </p>
Mckenzie Method for Chronic Low Back Pain: Review
Authors: Safei Imran , Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah 
Published: June 2023

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most prevalent and expensive musculoskeletal issues in contemporary culture. It is defined as low back pain that lasts for more than three months or longer than the anticipated recovery period.[1] 70 to 80 percent of adults have dealt with CLBP at some point in their lives. This study sought to assess the McKenzie method's contribution to the treatment of low back pain and determine whether it could be compared to other forms of therapy.
Content: A narrative review of the literature was performed using the following search engines: PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were articles published in the last 10 years, randomized clinical trials, the mean age of patients between 18 and 70 years and full English text. Exclusion criteria were observational studies, case reports and articles without abstract or full text. The outcomes that were used to review included chronic pain, disability, Quality of Life (QoL) and psychological aspects.
Conclusion: Even though it has helped treat patients with chronic low back pain, the McKenzie method needs more research to be proven effective in particular patient populations.
Keywords: Chronic low back pain; McKenzie method; Humans
The role of somatic factors in early childhood and adolescent psychosomatic disorders
Authors: Philippova Alla , Malkina Olga , Korotun Vladilena , Shatova Evgeniya 
Published: June 2023

Objective. This study aimed to establish practical evidence of the leading role of somatic factors in psychosomatic health disorders in the early stages of the mental development of children and adolescents.
Materials and methods. An interview method was used to obtain complete and reliable historical data for children and youth who applied for primary medical care. In addition, an anonymous questioning method was implemented. It allowed gathering of a reliable database of basic information on the psychosomatic health of children and adolescents in the Western European region. A study enrolled a sample of 1000 children, including 498 girls and 502 boys, aged 13 to 18 years.
Results and Discussion. Psychosomatic pathologies were detected in 54% of cases, of which 63% were female. The influence of somatic factors on psychosomatic pathology progression was found to be greater in the early stages of mental development.
Conclusion. The study’s findings may serve as a primary basis for understanding the role of somatization factors on psychosomatic disorders in children and adolescents in the early stages of mental development. The study also highlights the need to enhance the methodological basis for preventing psychosomatic disorders in children and adolescents.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 03 July’23 Page : 687-694
Video analysis of patients with blepharospasm and lower face dystonias
Authors: Hosseini Mahdieh , Kassavetis Panagiotis , Hallett Mark 
Published: June 2023

Background: Blepharospasm (BSP) is a focal dystonia. There is a lack of standardization in the length of time necessary to get a measure of BSP severity for rating scales.Objectives: 1) Determine the difference between evaluating the number of eye closures in patients with blepharospasm in 1 vs. 2 min. 2) Characterize the prevalence, phenomenology and concordance of sensory trick in subjects with only blepharospasm compared to those with blepharospasm associated with other dystonias of the head.Methods: Thirty-eight, 2-min-long standardized videos of subjects with BSP without any other dystonias were reviewed (group1). Eye closure rate was measured in 0–60 s vs. 60–120 s. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to compare the eye closure rate between these two intervals. An additional 68 standardized videos of subjects with blepharospasm associated with dystonia of the head were reviewed (group2). Presence, phenomenology and concordance between what subjects verbally reported as their sensory trick and what they demonstrated was classified for both groups then qualitatively compared.Results/conclusion: Eye closure rates between 0–60 s and 0–120 s were not statistically different. There is no added benefit of counting the number of eye closures in 2 min, compared to 1 min, in patients with BSP. Sensory trick was reported by 57% of subjects with BSP and 80% of subjects who have blepharospasm and other dystonias of the head. With 100% and 97% concordance, patients’ self-reported sensory trick accurately describes the movements that alleviate their dystonic movements.
PILRA is associated with immune cells infiltration in atrial fibrillation based on bioinformatics and experiment validation
Authors: Shi Weihua , Li Xiaoli , Su Yongxing , Liu Dezhao , Wu Liying , Li Shuo , He Wenxiu , Zhong Guoqiang , Jiang Zhiyuan 
Published: June 2023

Background and aimsinflammation plays an important role in atrial fibrillation (AF). In this study, we investigated the significance of immune cell infiltration in AF and identified the potential Hub genes involved in the regulation of immune cell infiltration in AF.Methodswe obtained AF datasets from the GEO database and analyzed them for obtaining differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by R software. Then, we performed GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analyses of DEGs. The Hub genes of AF were determined by least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Their validation was verified by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the AF rat model. Finally, we used a single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) to analyze immune cell infiltration and its relationship with hub genes.ResultsWe obtained 298 DGEs from the heatmap and found that DGEs were closely related to inflammation, immunity, and cytokine interactions by enrichment analyses. We obtained 10 co-expression modules by WGCNA. Among them, the module including CLEC4A, COTL1, EVI2B, FCER1G, GAPT, HCST, NCF2, PILRA, TLR8, and TYROBP had the highest correlation with AF. Four Hub genes (PILRA, NCF2, EVI2B, GAPT) were obtained further by LASSO analysis. The results suggested that the expression level of PILRA was significantly elevated in the rats with AF by qPCR, compared to the rats without AF. The results revealed that the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, mast cells, immature B cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC), dendritic cell, and T cells and their partial subpopulations were closely related to AF by ssGSEA analysis, and PILRA was positively correlated with immature B cell, monocyte, macrophage, mast cell, dendritic cell, and T cells and their partial subpopulations by Spearman correlation analysis.ConclusionsPILRA was closely related to multiple types of immune cell infiltration, which may be associated with AF. PILRA may be a novel target of intervention for AF.
Urgent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for severe mitral regurgitation with flail leaflet in critically Ill patients
Authors: Perel Nimrod , Amsalem Itshak , Gilad Or , Hitter Rafael , Maller Tomer , Asher Elad , Harari Emanuel , Marmor David , Carasso Shemy , Dvir Danny , Glikson Michael , Shuvy Mony 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionDegenerative mitral valve disease (DMR) is a common valvular disorder, with flail leaflets due to ruptured chordae representing an extreme variation of this pathology. Ruptured chordae can present as acute heart failure which requires urgent intervention. While mitral valve surgery is the preferred mode of intervention, many patients have significantly elevated surgical risk and are sometimes considered inoperable. We aim to characterize patients with ruptured chordae undergoing urgent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER), and to analyze their clinical and echocardiographic outcomes.MethodsWe screened all patients who underwent TEER at a tertiary referral center in Israel. We included patients with DMR with flail leaflet due to ruptured chordae and categorized them into elective and critically ill groups. We evaluated the echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and clinical outcomes of these patients.ResultsThe cohort included 49 patients with DMR due to ruptured chordae and flail leaflet, who underwent TEER. Seventeen patients (35%) underwent urgent intervention and 32 patients (65%) underwent an elective procedure. In the urgent group, the average age of the patient was 80.3, with 41.8% being female. Fourteen patients (82%) received noninvasive ventilation, and three patients (18%) required invasive mechanical ventilation. One patient died due to tamponade, while echo evaluation of the other 16 patients demonstrated successful reduction of ≥2 in the MR grade. Left atrial V wave decreased from 41.6 mmHg to 17.9 mmHg (p &lt; 0.001), and the pulmonic vein flow pattern changed from reversal (68.8%) to a systolic dominant flow in all patients (p = 0.001). After the procedure, 78.5% of patients improved to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I or II (p &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in the overall mortality between the urgent and elective groups, with similar 6 months survival rates for each group.ConclusionUrgent TEER in patients with ruptured chordae and flail leaflets can be safe and feasible with favorable hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and clinical outcomes.
Preliminary investigation of the eruption time of kimberlite in the Late Devonian in Mengyin, Shandong
Authors: Tian Ruicong , Wang Haiqin , Tian Jingxiang , Shan Wei , Wang Xiufeng , Chi Naijie , Ma Xiaodong , Chu Zhiyuan , Li Shenghu , Lv Qing 
Published: June 2023

Kimberlite in the Mengyin area serves as an excellent medium for studying the characteristics and evolutionary processes of the Paleozoic mantle. In order to determine the age of the primary calcite within the kimberlite, in situ carbonate U–Pb dating was conducted in the Mengyin area. The results indicate that the primary calcite in the kimberlite originated approximately 383 ± 18 Ma (MSWD = 6.6). This age constraint suggests that the eruption of the kimberlite took place during this period, leading to the thermal alteration of limestone xenoliths, ultimately forming marble. Consequently, it can be inferred that lithospheric thinning occurred no later than the Late Devonian period. Fluid inclusions found within the marble provide further insights into its formation. The recorded formation temperature of the marble ranges from 243°C to 370°C, with a salinity range of 2.57%–14.77% (NaCl). The pressure estimates fall within the range of 3.22–20.70 MPa, indicating a depth mainly between 900 and 1,000 m. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that the overall denudation depth in the west Shandong area, since the Late Devonian, is estimated to be approximately 900–1,000 m. Furthermore, the overall crustal rise rate is estimated to be approximately 3 m/Ma.
Elastography of the thyroid nodule, cut-off points between benign and malignant lesions for strain, 2D shear wave real time and point shear wave: a correlation with pathology, ACR TIRADS and Alpha Score
Authors: Mena Glenn , Montalvo Alejandro , Ubidia Michael , Olmedo Julio , Guerrero Ana , Leon-Rojas Jose E. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveA prospective cross-sectional investigation of 170 thyroid nodules (TN) between January 2020 and December 2021 at Alpha Imagen was conducted to determine cut-off points (C/O) for elastography measurements and their diagnostic accuracy.MethodsNodules were categorized by ACR TI-RADS, Alpha Score (AS), and Bethesda; all were evaluated using 2D Shear Wave Real Time Elastography (RT-SWE), point Shear Wave (pSWE), and Strain Elastography (SE). Data was assessed with ROC curves, the Shapiro-Wilk test, T test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA.ResultsC/O were as follows: RTSWE Emax of 115kPa and 6.5 m/s, Emean of 47.5 kPa and 4.1 m/s, pSWE (average) of 52.4 kpa and 4.15 m/s; sensitivity of 81.2% and specificity of 57.6%, with a PPV of 72.4% and NPV of 70.0%. SE Value A had a C/O of 0.20%, with a sensitivity of 84%, specificity of 57%, PPV of 72.4% and NPP of 73.6%. The Strain Ratio nodule/tissue C/O was calculated as 2.69, with a sensitivity of 84%, specificity of 57%, PPV of 72.3%, and NPV of 73.5%. The RLBIndex quality control must be at least 92%; for pSWE, we suggest a mean interquartile ratio of ≤15.7% for kPa and 8.1% for m/s. The recommended depth is between 1.2 and 1.5 cm, and commonly used ROI boxes were 3x3 and 5x5mm.Conclusion2D-SWE and pSWE with Emax and Emean demonstrated C/O with excellent diagnostic accuracy. To maximize the correct classification of TN, we suggest combining ACR TI-RADS and AS with any of the elastography measurements assessed here.