bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous mood state and hedonic responses to pleasant odors
Authors: Marsh Eliza L. , Goodwin Madeline E. , Sayette Michael A. , Marchetti Mary A. , Herz Rachel S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResponses to olfactory cues hold significant practical implications. For instance, emerging research reveals that strategic administration of pleasant olfactory cues can support positive health and well‐being outcomes. The underlying assumption is that pleasantness of odor perception stimulates various downstream benefits. However, olfactory responses vary across individuals and identifying who is most receptive to positive olfactory effects remains an important objective. One key factor may be the perceiver's mood. This study evaluated the association between natural mood state and subjective pleasantness ratings to normatively positive odors. In two experimental sessions, 232 participants with intact olfactory function rated their current mood and the pleasantness of six odorants. Across sessions, individuals with more positive baseline moods rated the odors as being more pleasant than did those with lower baseline mood scores. These findings suggest that individual differences in natural occurring mood should be considered in research examining the positive effects of olfactory cues.Practical ApplicationsPleasant olfactory cues show great potential for interventional research design within sensory science; however, there is little research examining how individual differences may impact the perception and effectiveness of odors. Our data demonstrate that baseline mood state is directly associated with the hedonic perception of pleasant odors. These findings illustrate that individual mood state may be essential to consider for basic research, applied, and consumer sensory panel testing of odor hedonics, and further suggest that inherent mood may influence the degree to which smelling normatively pleasant odors may enhance mental and physical health outcomes.
Site‐specific analysis reveals candidate cross‐kingdom small RNAs, tRNA and rRNA fragments, and signs of fungal RNA phasing in the barley–powdery mildew interaction
Authors: Kusch Stefan , Singh Mansi , Thieron Hannah , Spanu Pietro D. , Panstruga Ralph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe establishment of host–microbe interactions requires molecular communication between both partners, which may involve the mutual transfer of noncoding small RNAs. Previous evidence suggests that this is also true for powdery mildew disease in barley, which is caused by the fungal pathogen Blumeria hordei. However, previous studies lacked spatial resolution regarding the accumulation of small RNAs upon host infection by B. hordei. Here, we analysed site‐specific small RNA repertoires in the context of the barley–B. hordei interaction. To this end, we dissected infected leaves into separate fractions representing different sites that are key to the pathogenic process: epiphytic fungal mycelium, infected plant epidermis, isolated haustoria, a vesicle‐enriched fraction from infected epidermis, and extracellular vesicles. Unexpectedly, we discovered enrichment of specific 31–33‐base 5′‐terminal fragments of barley 5.8S ribosomal RNA in extracellular vesicles and infected epidermis, as well as particular B. hordei transfer RNA fragments in haustoria. We describe canonical small RNAs from both the plant host and the fungal pathogen that may confer cross‐kingdom RNA interference activity. Interestingly, we found first evidence of phased small interfering RNAs in B. hordei, a feature usually attributed to plants, which may be associated with the posttranscriptional control of fungal coding genes, pseudogenes, and transposable elements. Our data suggest a key and possibly site‐specific role for cross‐kingdom RNA interference and noncoding RNA fragments in the host–pathogen communication between B. hordei and its host barley.
TREGIFFIAN: THE CHRONOLOGY OF AN ENTRANCE GRAVE
Authors: Jones Andy M. , Hamilton Derek , Quinnell Henrietta 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe Tregiffian project involved the analysis and dating of the archive from unpublished excavations in the 1960s and 1970s at an entrance grave in Penwith, Cornwall. A major aim of the project was to establish a robust chronological basis for the use of the entrance grave for burial: 10 samples of cremated human bone were submitted for radiocarbon dating and Bayesian modelling undertaken. The modelling indicates that the use of the chamber for burial between began in 1780–1510 BC and ended in 1595–1425 BC. The results are hugely significant as they provide the first modelled dating from a Penwith entrance grave. This paper discusses the results from the radiocarbon dating project and reconsiders entrance graves in the wider context of the Early Bronze Age megalithic tombs which are found around the Irish Sea.
ICU capacity expansion under uncertainty in the early stages of a pandemic
Authors: Gambaro Anna Maria , Fusai Gianluca , Sodhi ManMohan S. , May Caterina , Morelli Chiara 
Published: March 2023

We propose a general modular approach to support decision‐makers' response in the early stages of a pandemic with resource expansion, motivated by the shortage of Covid‐19‐related intensive care units (ICU) capacity in 2020 in Italy. Our approach uses (1) a stochastic extension of an epidemic model for scenarios of projected infections, (2) a capacity load model to translate infections into scenarios of demand for the resources of interest, and (3) an optimization model to allocate this demand to the projected levels of resources based on different values of investment. We demonstrate this approach with the onset of the first and second Covid‐19 waves in three Italian regions, using the data available at that time. For epidemic modeling, we used a parsimonious stochastic susceptible‐infected‐removed model with a robust estimation procedure based on bootstrap resampling, suitable for a noisy and data‐limited environment. For capacity loading, we used a Cox queuing model to translate the projected infections into demand for ICU, using stochastic intensity to capture the variability of the patient arrival process. Finally, we used stochastic dynamic optimization to select the best policy (when and how much to expand) to minimize the expected number of patients denied ICU for any level of investment in capacity expansion and obtain an efficient frontier. The frontier allows a trade‐off between investment in additional resources and the number of patients denied intensive care. Moreover, in the panic‐driven early days of a pandemic, decision‐makers can also obtain the time until which they can postpone action, potentially reducing investment costs without increasing the expected number of denied patients.
Effects of a school‐based physical activity intervention on cardiometabolic health 5 years after cessation
Authors: Resaland G. K. , Bartholomew J. B. , Andersen L. B. , Anderssen S. A. , Aadland E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile there have been several school‐based physical activity (PA) interventions targeting improvement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, few have assessed long‐term effects. The aim of this paper was therefore to determine intervention effects on CVD risk factors 5 years after cessation.MethodsTwo schools were assigned to intervention (n = 125) or control (n = 134). The intervention school offered 210 min/week more PA than the control school over two consecutive years (fourth and fifth grades). Follow‐up assessment was conducted 5‐year post‐intervention (10th grade) where 180–210 (73%–85%) children provided valid data. Outcomes were CVD risk factors: triglyceride, total‐to‐high‐density‐lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio (TC:HDL ratio), insulin resistance, blood pressure (BP), waist circumference, and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak). Variables were analyzed individually and as a composite score through linear mixed models, including random intercepts for children.ResultsAnalyses revealed significant sustained 5‐year intervention effects for HDL (effect sizes [ES] = 0.22), diastolic BP (ES = 0.48), VO2peak (ES = 0.29), and composite risk score (ES = 0.38). These effects were similar to the immediate results following the intervention. In contrast, while TC:HDL ratio initially decreased post‐intervention (ES = 0.27), this decrease was not maintained at 5‐year follow‐up (ES = 0.09), whereas WC was initially unchanged post‐intervention (ES = 0.02), but decreased at 5‐year follow‐up (ES = 0.44).ConclusionThe significant effects of a 2‐year school‐based PA intervention remained for CVD risk factors 5 years after cessation of the intervention. As cardiometabolic health can be maintained long‐term after school‐based PA, this paper demonstrates the sustainability and potential of schools in the primary prevention of future CVD risk in children.
A building polygonal object matching method based on minimum bounding rectangle combinatorial optimization and relaxation labeling
Authors: Liu Lingjia , Fu Zhiyi , Xia Yu , Lin Hui , Ding Xiaohui , Liao Kaitao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVolunteered geographic information (VGI) is an emerging phenomenon where anyone can create geographic information and share it with others. Compared with traditional authoritative geospatial data, it has several advantages, such as enriched data, instant updates, and low cost. The object matching method is widely used in VGI quality assessment and data updates. However, VGI matching faces certain challenges, such as the levels of detail that vary from object to object, the uneven distribution of data quality, and the automated matching requirement. To resolve these problems, this article proposes a new matching method that effectively combines the advantages of minimum bounding rectangle combinatorial optimization (MBRCO) and relaxation labeling. The proposed method (1) avoids setting the similarity threshold and weights and does not require training samples. This process is realized based on contextual information and optimization. (2) It overcomes the disadvantage that the MBRCO algorithm cannot distinguish adjacent buildings with similar shapes. Our approach is experimentally validated using two publicly available spatial datasets: OpenStreetMap and AutoNavi map. The experimental studies show that the proposed automatic matching method outperforms all the threshold‐based MBRCO methods and achieves high accuracy with a precision of 97.8% and a recall of 99.2%.
Role of mycorrhizas and root exudates in plant uptake of soil nutrients (calcium, iron, magnesium, and potassium): has the puzzle been completely solved?
Authors: Sardans Jordi , Lambers Hans , Preece Catherine , Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad , Penuelas Josep 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYAnthropogenic global change is driving an increase in the frequency and intensity of drought and flood events, along with associated imbalances and limitation of several soil nutrients. In the context of an increasing human population, these impacts represent a global‐scale challenge for biodiversity conservation and sustainable crop production to ensure food security. Plants have evolved strategies to enhance uptake of soil nutrients under environmental stress conditions; for example, symbioses with fungi (mycorrhization) in the rhizosphere and the release of exudates from roots. Although crop cultivation is managed for the effects of limited availability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), there is increasing evidence for limitation of plant growth and fitness because of the low availability of other soil nutrients such as the metals potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe), which may become increasingly limiting for plant productivity under global change. The roles of mycorrhizas and plant exudates on N and P uptake have been studied intensively; however, our understanding of the effects on metal nutrients is less clear and still inconsistent. Here, we review the literature on the role of mycorrhizas and root exudates in plant uptake of key nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe) in the context of potential nutrient deficiencies in crop and non‐crop terrestrial ecosystems, and identify knowledge gaps for future research to improve nutrient‐uptake capacity in food crop plants.
Looking Together as Method
Authors: GÜRSEL ZEYNEP DEVRİM 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBetween 1896 and 1908, over 4300 Ottoman Armenians emigrated abroad through terk‐i tabiiyet, an expatriation process that required emigrants never return to the empire. A key step in this process was sitting for a photograph. Using Ottoman Armenian expatriation photographs as an example, this article details “looking together” as a method for working ethnographically with photographs. It details three moments in time and three kinds of time to show how looking together yielded an understanding of how the state intended these photographs to function and how individuals conscripted these portraits of unbelonging into their own projects of belonging.
Outcomes following repair of early-onset versus delayed-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachments after acute posterior vitreous detachment
Authors: Swaminathan Vishal Balasubramanian , Salabati Mirataollah , Israilevich Rachel , Cehelyk Eli , Mahmoudzadeh Raziyeh , Uhr Joshua H , Spirn Marc J , Klufas Michael A , Garg Sunir J , Hsu Jason 
Published: March 2023

AimTo report anatomical and functional outcomes after surgical repair of acute-onset vs delayed-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RDs) following acute posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).MethodsA retrospective, comparative interventional cohort study where patients presenting to a single-centre retina practice between October 2015 and March 2020 with delayed RDs (diagnosed ≥42 days after initial presentation of acute PVD) were compared with a 2:1 age-matched and gender-matched acute RD cohort (PVD and RD at initial presentation). The primary outcome was the final attachment rate and single surgery anatomic success (SSAS) at 3 months after RD repair.ResultsA total of 210 eyes were analysed—70 in the delayed RD group and 140 in the acute RD group. SSAS was 58/70 (82.9%) for the delayed RD group and 112/140 (80%) for the acute RD group (p=0.71). At the time of RD diagnosis, mean (SD) logarithm of minimum angle of resolution visual acuity (VA) was 0.51 (0.70) (Snellen, 20/65) in the delayed RD group vs 1.04 (0.92) (Snellen, 20/219) in the acute RD group (p<0.001). Mean VA was better at 1 and 3 months post-repair in the delayed RD group (p=0.005 and 0.041, respectively) but similar by 6 months, 12 months and at the final visit post-repair (p=0.48, 0.27, and 0.23, respectively).ConclusionsDelayed-onset RDs occurring ≥6 weeks after initial presentation to a retina specialist with an acute PVD generally had better VA at the time of RD diagnosis and faster post-surgical visual recovery compared with acute-onset RDs diagnosed at the initial presentation. No significant difference in anatomic outcomes was seen between the two groups.
Implications of LAG3 and CTLA4 immune checkpoints beyond PD-1/PD-L1 as a potential target in determining the prognosis of uveal melanoma patients
Authors: Kashyap Seema , Singh Mithalesh Kumar , Kumar Nikhil , Jha Jayanti , Lomi Neiwete , Meel Rachna , Bakhshi Sameer , Sen Seema , Singh Lata 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundResponse rate of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapeutic blockade agents in uveal melanoma (UM) is poor. Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) are the two promising immune checkpoint targets. Therefore, our aim was to explore at how these proteins were expressed in tumour tissue and serum, as well as their prognostic implications in UM.MethodsThe expression of LAG3, CTLA-4, CD3, CD4, CD8 and FOXP3 was determined by immunohistochemistry in 54 enucleated UM tissue samples. mRNA expression level of LAG3 and CTLA-4 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and corroborated by western blotting. Furthermore, soluble form of LAG3, CTLA-4 and CCR8 expression in serum was measured in 40 UM patients using ELISA.ResultThe expression of LAG3, CTLA-4, CD3, CD4, CD8 and FOXP3 was observed in 30%, 33%, 41%, 35%, 50% and 39% of the cases, respectively. Loss of nBAP1 expression was significantly correlated with CD8+expression (p=0.012) but not with tumour infiltrating lymphocytes. LAG3 and CTLA-4 mRNA levels were higher in UM compared with normal uveal tissues. Higher LAG3 expression with CD8+expression was associated with lower metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p=0.049), but not with CTLA-4 in UM patients. MFS rate was reduced in patients having lower levels of CCR8 protein (p=0.050) and increased level of LAG3 protein (p=0.001).ConclusionOur findings suggest that higher levels of LAG3 in UM with histopathologically high-risk parameters predict high metastatic potential and that it could be used as a targeted immunotherapy alone or in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade agents.
Healthcare workers’ level of adherence to infection prevention and control and its impact on puerperal and neonatal sepsis among delivering women and neonates in Central Tanzania: a protocol for a prospective cohort study
Authors: Marandu Laura Edward , Masika Golden Mwakibo 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDelivering women and neonates are at a great risk of acquiring infections due to a lack of adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC), a low level of immunity and extended exposure to care procedures that can lead to infections. This prospective cohort study aims to assess the level of adherence to IPC among healthcare workers and its impact on puerperal and neonatal sepsis in the Dodoma region.Methods and analysisThe level of adherence to IPC is examined cross-sectionally among healthcare workers (HCWs) in contact with delivering women and their neonates. A prospective cohort approach is used to assess the level of exposure of 294 delivering women and their neonates to poor hygienic practices of HCWs through an observation checklist. Outcomes, including the incidence of puerperal and neonatal sepsis, are evaluated clinically 2 days later before discharge. Laboratory culture and sensitivity confirmatory tests of blood samples are done on positive cases. Data analysis for level of adherence to IPC practices, incidence of puerperal and neonatal sepsis, and relative risk among the exposed women and neonates will be performed.Ethics and disseminationThe University of Dodoma Research Ethics Committee approved this study (ref no. MA.84/261/‘A’/25). Findings of this study will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at international conferences to the participating hospitals, the University of Dodoma and the Tanzanian Ministry of Health for informing practice and policy.
Reducing the incidence and impact of peer-to-peer online trolling: a protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Beatson Amanda Tracy , Riedel Aimee , Mulcahy Rory , Keating Byron William , Wang Shasha , Campbell Marilyn , Johnson Daniel 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionGovernments worldwide are committed to reducing the prevalence of peer-to-peer online trolling. The practice of peer-to-peer online trolling, which is broadly defined as where a user intends to cause disruption or conflict online for their own amusement or advantage, is a widespread pervasive and damaging behavior, affecting over one-third of all social media users. There remains, however, a substantial barrier to addressing this behaviour due to a lack of understanding of peer-to-peer online trolling and its unique psychopathology that distinguishes it from other forms of peer-to-peer online abuse such as cyberbullying and flaming, as well as the primary information technology approach used to investigate trolling. Providing a synthesis of peer-to-peer online trolling research will assist organisations, governments and educators in addressing this deviant behaviour online.Methods and analysisThis protocol follows the six-stage scoping review process proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Identifying the scoping review research question (stage 1) is followed by discussion on how studies will be selected (stage 2). We then discuss how we will determine which studies will be included in the scoping review (stage 3), as well as chart the data involved for each study included (stage 4). In stage 5, the scoping review protocol gathers, synthesises and reports the results, and consults with stakeholders about the initial protocol specifications (stage 6).Ethics and disseminationAs the scoping review methodology focuses on incorporating information from available publications, ethical approval is not required. An article summarising the scoping review results will be submitted for publication to a journal, presented at appropriate conferences and disseminated as part of future workshops with professionals and educators involved in reducing online trolling.
Treatment of Prostate Cancer with CD46-targeted 225Ac Alpha Particle Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Bidkar Anil P. , Wang Sinan , Bobba Kondapa Naidu , Chan Emily , Bidlingmaier Scott , Egusa Emily A. , Peter Robin , Ali Umama , Meher Niranjan , Wadhwa Anju , Dhrona Suchi , Dasari Chandrashekhar , Beckford-Vera Denis , Su Yang , Tang Ryan , Zhang Li , He Jiang , Wilson David M. , Aggarwal Rahul , VanBrocklin Henry F. , Seo Youngho , Chou Jonathan , Liu Bin , Flavell Robert R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Radiopharmaceutical therapy is changing the standard of care in prostate cancer and other malignancies. We previously reported high CD46 expression in prostate cancer and developed an antibody–drug conjugate and immunoPET agent based on the YS5 antibody, which targets a tumor-selective CD46 epitope. Here, we present the preparation, preclinical efficacy, and toxicity evaluation of [225Ac]DOTA-YS5, a radioimmunotherapy agent based on the YS5 antibody.

Experimental Design:
[225Ac]DOTA-YS5 was developed, and its therapeutic efficiency was tested on cell-derived (22Rv1, DU145), and patient-derived (LTL-545, LTL484) prostate cancer xenograft models. Biodistribution studies were carried out on 22Rv1 tumor xenograft models to confirm the targeting efficacy. Toxicity analysis of the [225Ac]DOTA-YS5 was carried out on nu/nu mice to study short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) toxicity.

Results:
Biodistribution study shows that [225Ac]DOTA-YS5 agent delivers high levels of radiation to the tumor tissue (11.64% ± 1.37%ID/g, 28.58% ± 10.88%ID/g, 29.35% ± 7.76%ID/g, and 31.78% ± 5.89%ID/g at 24, 96, 168, and 408 hours, respectively), compared with the healthy organs. [225Ac]DOTA-YS5 suppressed tumor size and prolonged survival in cell line–derived and patient-derived xenograft models. Toxicity analysis revealed that the 0.5 μCi activity levels showed toxicity to the kidneys, likely due to redistribution of daughter isotope 213Bi.

Conclusions:
[225Ac]DOTA-YS5 suppressed the growth of cell-derived and patient-derived xenografts, including prostate-specific membrane antigen–positive and prostate-specific membrane antigen–deficient models. Overall, this preclinical study confirms that [225Ac]DOTA-YS5 is a highly effective treatment and suggests feasibility for clinical translation of CD46-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer.