bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Darkverse: A Multi-Perspective Analysis of the Negative Societal Impacts of the Metaverse
Authors: Dwivedi Yogesh K. , Kshetri Nir , Hughes Laurie , Rana Nripendra P. , Baabdullah Abdullah M. , Kar Arpan Kumar , Koohang Alex , Ribeiro-Navarrete Samuel , Belei Nina , Balakrishnan Janarthanan , Basu Sriparna , Behl Abhishek , Davies Gareth H. , Dutot Vincent , Dwivedi Rohita , Evans Leighton , Felix Reto , Foster-Fletcher Richard , Giannakis Mihalis , Gupta Ashish , Hinsch Chris , Jain Animesh , Jane Patel Nina , Jung Timothy , Juneja Satinder , Kamran Qeis , Mohamed AB Sanjar , Pandey Neeraj , Papagiannidis Savvas , Raman Ramakrishnan , Rauschnabel Philipp A. , Tak Preeti , Taylor Alexandra , tom Dieck M. Claudia , Viglia Giampaolo , Wang Yichuan , Yan Meiyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Metaverse has the potential to form the next pervasive computing archetype that can transform many aspects of work and life at a societal level. Despite the many forecasted benefits from the metaverse, its negative outcomes have remained relatively unexplored with the majority of views grounded on logical thoughts derived from prior data points linked with similar technologies, somewhat lacking academic and expert perspective. This study responds to the dark side perspectives through informed and multifaceted narratives provided by invited leading academics and experts from diverse disciplinary backgrounds. The metaverse dark side perspectives covered include: technological and consumer vulnerability, privacy, and diminished reality, human–computer interface, identity theft, invasive advertising, misinformation, propaganda, phishing, financial crimes, terrorist activities, abuse, pornography, social inclusion, mental health, sexual harassment and metaverse-triggered unintended consequences. The paper concludes with a synthesis of common themes, formulating propositions, and presenting implications for practice and policy.
Triggering conditions, runout, and downstream impacts of debris flows following the 2021 Flag Fire, Arizona, USA
Authors: Gorr Alexander N. , McGuire Luke A. , Beers Rebecca , Hoch Olivia J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDebris flows pose a serious threat to communities in mountainous areas, particularly in the years following wildfire. These events have been widely studied in regions where post-wildfire debris flows have been historically frequent, such as southern California. However, the threat of post-wildfire debris flows is increasing in many regions where detailed data on debris-flow physical properties, volume, and runout potential are sparse, such as the Southwest United States (Arizona and New Mexico). As the Southwest becomes more vulnerable to these hazards, there is an increasing need to better characterize the properties of post-wildfire debris flows in this region and to identify similarities and differences with nearby areas, particularly southern California, where there is a greater abundance of data. In this paper, we study the characteristics and downstream impacts of two post-wildfire debris flows that initiated following the 2021 Flag Fire in northern Arizona, United States. We gathered data regarding soil hydraulic properties, rainfall characteristics, watershed response, and debris-flow initiation, runout, volume, grain size, and downstream impacts during the first two monsoon seasons following the containment of the Flag Fire. We also applied established debris-flow runout and volume models that were developed in southern California to our study watershed and compared the output with observations. In the first monsoon season following the fire, there were two post-wildfire debris flows, one of which resulted in damage to downstream infrastructure, and one major flood event. We found that, while more intense rainfall is required to generate debris flows at our study site compared to southern California, burned watersheds in northern Arizona are still susceptible to debris flows during storms with low recurrence intervals in the first year following fire. During the second monsoon season, there were no major runoff events, despite more intense storms. This indicates that the temporal window for heightened debris-flow susceptibility at our study area was less than one year, due to the recovery of soil hydraulic properties and vegetation regrowth. We also found that the debris-flow properties at our study site, such as volume, mobility, and grain size distribution, may differ from those in other regions in the western United States, including southern California, potentially due to regional differences in rainfall characteristics and sediment supply. Differences in rainfall characteristics and sediment supply may have also influenced the performance of the debris-flow runout and volume models, which overpredicted the observed runout distance by 400 m and predicted a volume more than 17 times greater than what was observed.
Noise resistance of next-generation reservoir computing: a comparative study with high-order correlation computation
Authors: Liu Shengyu , Xiao Jinghua , Yan Zixiang , Gao Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReservoir computing (RC) methods have received more and more attention and applications in chaotic time series prediction with their simple structure and training method. Recently, the next-generation reservoir computing (NG-RC) method has been proposed by Gauthier et al. (Nat Commun 12:5564, 2021) with less training cost and better time series predictions. Nevertheless, in practice, available data on dynamic systems are contaminated with noise. Though NG-RC is shown highly efficient in learning and predicting, its noise resistance captivity is not clear yet, limiting its use in practical problems. In this paper, we study the noise resistance of the NG-RC method, taking the well-known denoising method, the high-order correlation computation (HOCC) method, as a reference. Both methods have similar procedures in respect of function bases and regression processes. With the simple ridge regression method, the NG-RC method has a strong noise resistance for white noise, even better than the HOCC method. Besides, the NG-RC method also shows a good prediction ability for small colored noise, while it does not provide correct reconstruct dynamics. In this paper, other than reconstruction parameters, four numerical indicators are used to check the noise resistance comprehensively, such as the training error, prediction error, prediction time, and auto-correlation prediction error, for both the short-time series and long climate predictions. Our results provide a systematic estimation of NG-RC’s noise resistance capacity, which is helpful for its applications in practical problems.
The weight of reasons
Authors: Fogal Daniel , Risberg Olle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of how the ‘weight’ or ‘strength’ of normative reasons is best understood. We argue that, given our preferred analysis of reasons as sources of normative support, this question has a straightforward answer: the weight of a normative reason is simply a matter of how much support it provides. We also critically discuss several competing views of reasons and their weight. These include views which take reasons to be normatively fundamental, views which analyze reasons as evidence concerning what one ought to do, views which analyze reasons in terms of good reasoning, and views which analyze reasons as explanations of ought-facts, fittingness-facts, or goodness-facts.
The meta-grounding theory of powerful qualities
Authors: Coates Ashley 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA recent, seemingly appealing version of the powerful qualities view defines properties’ qualitativity via an essentialist claim and their powerfulness via a grounding claim. Roughly, this approach holds that properties are qualities because they have qualitative essences, while they are powerful because their instances or essences ground causal-modal facts. I argue that this theory should be replaced with one that defines the powerfulness of qualities in terms of both a grounding claim and a ‘meta-grounding’ claim. Specifically, I formulate and defend a view on which qualities are powerful just if instances of those qualitiesat least partiallyground dispositionsin virtue of the essences of those qualities.
The economic effects of unmanned aerial vehicles in pesticide application: evidence from Chinese grain farmers
Authors: Quan Xiuhao , Guo Qiaoling , Ma Ji , Doluschitz Reiner 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a recent innovation in precision agriculture technology. They are being used in a wide range of agricultural practices, whereby pesticide application is one of the most common uses of UAVs in China’s agriculture. However, the economic effects of UAVs in pesticide application have not been sufficiently investigated. To address the gap, this paper used propensity score matching to evaluate the economic effects of UAV adoption on outcome variables including revenue, pesticide costs, time spent on pesticide application, and pesticide application frequency based on a dataset covering over 2000 grain farmers across 11 provinces of China. Furthermore, generalized propensity score matching was used to evaluate the heterogeneity of outcome variables arising from differing UAV adoption intensities. The empirical results show that adoption of UAV increased revenue by approximately 434–488 dollars per hectare and reduced the time spent on pesticide application in the range of 14.4–15.8 h per hectare. Depending on the area with use of UAVs for pesticide spraying, UAV adoption has heterogeneous impacts on grain farmers’ revenue and the time spent on pesticide application. In terms of marginal revenue and marginal time spent on pesticide application, the optimal area with use of UAVs for pesticide spraying is estimated to be 20 hectares of arable land.
Measuring PROMIS pain interference in German patients with chronic conditions: calibration, validation, and cross-cultural use of item parameters
Authors: Obbarius Alexander , Klapproth Christoph Paul , Liegl Gregor , Christmann Paula M. , Schneider Udo , Fischer Felix , Rose Matthias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To calibrate the item parameters of the German PROMIS® Pain interference (PROMIS PI) items using an item-response theory (IRT) model and investigate psychometric properties of the item bank.

Methods
Forty items of the PROMIS PI item bank were collected in a convenience sample of 660 patients, which were recruited during inpatient rheumatological treatment or outpatient psychosomatic medicine visits in Germany. Unidimensionality, monotonicity, and local independence were tested as required for IRT analyses. Unidimensionality was examined using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Unidimensional and bifactor graded-response IRT models were fitted to the data. Bifactor indices were used to investigate whether multidimensionality would lead to biased scores. To evaluate convergent and discriminant validity, the item bank was correlated with legacy pain instruments. Potential differential item functioning (DIF) was examined for gender, age, and subsample. To investigate whether U.S. item parameters may be used to derive T-scores in German patients, T-scores based on previously published U.S. and newly estimated German item parameters were compared with each other after adjusting for sample specific differences.

Results
All items were sufficiently unidimensional, locally independent, and monotonic. Whereas the fit of the unidimensional IRT model was not acceptable, a bifactor IRT model demonstrated acceptable fit. Explained common variance and Omega hierarchical suggested that using the unidimensional model would not lead to biased scores. One item demonstrated DIF between subsamples. High correlations with legacy pain instruments supported construct validity of the item bank. T-scores based on U.S. and German item parameters were similar suggesting that U.S. parameters could be used in German samples.

Conclusion
The German PROMIS PI item bank proved to be a clinically valid and precise instrument for assessing pain interference in patients with chronic conditions.
Windfall gains and house money: The effects of endowment history and prior outcomes on risky decision–making
Authors: Jelschen Hauke , Schmidt Ulrich 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn a seminal contribution, Thaler and Johnson (1990) detected the existence of a house money effect which is defined as an increase in risk tolerance after previous gains resulting from a risky activity. Subsequent studies used the term house money effect also in case of windfall gains, i.e., easily acquired money like show-up fees or initial endowments in experiments which does not result from a risky investment. The present study is to the best of our knowledge the first that disentangles the house money effect and windfall gains. We find a clear and systematic pattern that windfall gains increase risk tolerance. In contrast, the house money effect is far less ubiquitous and seems to require skewed lotteries and/or a large number of rounds played. We, therefore, conclude that a careful distinction between windfall gains and the house money effect is warranted in future research.
Becoming global billionaires from mainland China: 2004–2018
Authors: Xiao Kezhou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper documents the increase in the number of global billionaires from mainland China between 2004 and 2018. One of the key findings is that under conditions of an open economy, grassroots billionaire entrepreneurs (e.g., Jack Ma) could mitigate political economy as well as financial frictions via capital injections from foreign venture capitalists. By building a unique database, I report that (i) the politically unconnected billionaire entrepreneurs financed by foreign venture capitalists are more likely to go public their companies outside mainland China (mainly in Hong Kong and the USA), use offshore financing vehicles, and enter the innovation sector and (ii) the politically connected global billionaire entrepreneurs, however, are closely associated with a record of state-owned enterprise (SOE) restructuring.

Plain English Summary
The increase in the number of billionaire entrepreneurs (e.g., Jack Ma) from mainland China between 2004 and 2018 is a new phenomenon, which necessitates a reassessment of the crony capitalism arguments, the types of entrepreneurs, and the sources of innovation. This paper has important implications for future research on entrepreneurship in a global economy and the design of relevant policies.
Changes in Subjective Well-Being in India
Authors: Kulkarni Vani S. , Kulkarni Veena S. , Gaiha Raghav , Imai Katsushi S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the growing literature on subjective well-being (SWB), few studies have focused on developing countries. Applying robust OLS and ordered probit models to the India Human Development Survey panel data in 2005 and 2012, we empirically assess SWBchangesin 2005–2012, based on a self-reported measure of changes in economic well-being, as a function of household and state covariates in 2005. This is in sharp contrast with earlier studies’ focus on thelevelsof SWB. Another point of departure of our study is to compare the covariates of SWB changes with those of objective well-being (OWB) changes, proxied by the relative growth in real per capita household consumption expenditure between 2005 and 2012, to identify specific micro-level correlates of SWB changes. Households with an older and educated head in a larger household, located in urban areas or affluent states in 2005 tend to experience improvement in both SWB and OWB between 2005 and 2012. In contrast, households with a female household head, with more male members in the labour market, with regular access to mass media, without members suffering from non-communicable diseases or disabilities are more likely to be better off subjectively without experiencing the corresponding improvement in OWB. The policy challenges raise serious concerns.
Model templates: transdisciplinary application and entanglement
Authors: Knuuttila Tarja , Loettgers Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe omnipresence of the same basic equations, function forms, algorithms, and quantitative methods is one of the most spectacular characteristics of contemporary modeling practice. Recently, the emergence of the discussion of templates and template transfer has addressed this striking cross-disciplinary reach of certain mathematical forms and computational algorithms. In this paper, we develop a notion of a model template, consisting of its mathematical structure, ontology, prototypical properties and behaviors, focal conceptualizations, and the paradigmatic questions it addresses. We apply this notion to three widely disseminated and powerful model templates: the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model of spin glasses, scale-free networks, and the Kuramoto model of synchronization. We argue that what appears to be an interdisciplinary model transfer between different domains turns out, from a broader perspective, to be the application of transdisciplinary model templates across a multitude of domains. We also point out a further feature of template-based modeling that so far has not been discussed: template entanglement. Such entanglement enhances and makes manifest the conceptual side of model templates.
Naturalized metaphysics or displacing metaphysicians to save metaphysics
Authors: Jaksland Rasmus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNaturalized metaphysics aims to establish justified metaphysical claims, where metaphysics is meant to carry its usual significance, while avoiding the traditional methods of metaphysics—a priori reasoning, conceptual analysis, intuitions, and common sense—which naturalized metaphysics argues are not epistemically probative. After offering an explication of what it means to do metaphysics, this paper argues that naturalized metaphysics, at the outset, is hospitable to doing metaphysics. The underdetermination of metaphysics by science, however, changes the picture. Naturalized metaphysics has to break this underdetermination, but the criticism of the traditional methods of metaphysics leaves no resources with which to do so. Naturalized metaphysics must therefore be more restrictive than originally intended to ensure that some metaphysical features avoid underdetermination. In this restrictive naturalized metaphysics, however, metaphysicians are only left the task of surveying the opinions of scientists which, it is argued, does not qualify as doing metaphysics. Thus, to fulfill its promise to save metaphysics, naturalized metaphysics displaces the metaphysician. Furthermore, the attempt to re-employ them via the principle of naturalistic closure is argued to fail. Metaphysicians should therefore not be happier with naturalized metaphysics than they are with the more explicitly eliminative trends in contemporary metametaphysics, such as neo-Carnapian deflationism, despite the promise of naturalized metaphysics, likely to Carnap’s dismay, to deliver justified claims about ultimate reality.
Assessing the impact of free-ranging cats (Felis silvestris catus) and dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) on wildlife in a natural urban reserve in Mexico City
Authors: Ramos-Rendón A. Karina , Gual-Sill Fernando , Cervantes Fernando A. , González-Salazar Constantino , García-Morales Rodrigo , Martínez-Meyer Enrique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConservation of natural ecosystems embedded in urban contexts is a big challenge because diverse anthropogenic factors continuously impact native biodiversity and ecological processes. One such factor is the pervasive presence of free-ranging predators, especially cats (Felis silvestris catus) and dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), which may severely affect local wildlife. The “Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel” (REPSA), located within the main campus of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), in southern Mexico City, is an important natural area that protects a peculiar volcanic spill ecosystem holding native and endemic biodiversity. In 2012, UNAM launched a control program of cats and dogs in REPSA that is still active. To assess the potential impact of cats and dogs on wildlife species, we used live and camera traps coupled with capture-recapture analyses to evaluate changes in the vertebrate community, particularly in the presence and abundance of two medium-size native mammals (Didelphis virginiana and Bassariscus astutus), before (2008–2009) and during (2017–2019) the control program. Results showed that the abundance of dogs decreased between the two periods, but not so the abundance of cats, whereas the native vertebrate diversity increased from the pre-control stage to the control period. Furthermore, we found a negative, non-significant relationship between the abundance of D. virginiana and that of dogs, and a positive, also non-significant relationship between the presence and abundance of B. astutus with the abundance of dogs. We conclude that the control program of free-ranging predators has been beneficial for the conservation of native vertebrates and recommend its continuation and enhancement.
Characterization of a reassortant H11N9 subtype avian influenza virus isolated from spot-billed duck in China
Authors: Wang Bo , Huang Yanyi , Hu Bin , Zhang Heng , Han Shuyi , Yang Ziwen , Su Qianqian , He Hongxuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractH11N9 viruses in wild birds might have provided the NA gene of human H7N9 virus in early 2013 in China, which evolved with highly pathogenic strains in 2017 and caused severe fatalities. To investigate the prevalence and evolution of the H11N9 influenza viruses, 16,781 samples were collected and analyzed during 2016–2020. As a result, a novel strain of influenza A (H11N9) virus with several characteristics that increase virulence was isolated. This strain had reduced pathogenicity in chicken and mice and was able to replicate in mice without prior adaptation. Phylogenetic analyses showed that it was a sextuple‐reassortant virus of H11N9, H3N8, H3N6, H7N9, H9N2, and H6N8 viruses present in China, similar to the H11N9 strains in Japan and Korea during the same period. This was the H11N9 strain isolated from China most recently, which add a record to viruses in wild birds. This study identified a new H11N9 reassortant in a wild bird with key mutation contributing to virulence. Therefore, comprehensive surveillance and enhanced biosecurity precautions are particularly important for the prediction and prevention of potential pandemics resulting from reassortant viruses with continuous evolution and expanding geographic distributions.
An easy, convenient statistical method to analyze bark beetle populations
Authors: Borkowski Andrzej 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA non-invasive method to estimate the number ofTrypodendron lineatumholes on dead standing pines (Pinus sylvestrisL.) was developed using linear and nonlinear estimations. A classical linear regression model was first used to analyze the relationship between the number of holes caused byT. lineatumon selected stem units and the total number of holes on an entire dead stem ofP. sylvestris. Then, to obtain a better fit of the regression function to the data for the stem unit selected in the first step, piecewise linear regression (PLR) was used. Last, in an area used to evaluate wood decomposition (method validation), the total and mean numbers ofT. lineatumholes were estimated for single dead trees and for a sample (n = 8 dead trees). Data were collected in 2009 (data set D1), in 2010–2014 (data set D2) and in 2020 (data set D3) in forests containingP. sylvestrislocated within Suchedniów–Oblęgorek Landscape Park, Poland. A model was constructed with three linear equations. An evaluation of model accuracy showed that it was highly effective regardless of the density ofT. lineatumholes and sample size. The method enables the evaluation of the biological role of this species in the decomposition of dead standing wood ofP. sylvestrisin strictly protected areas.