bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cutting edge micro-geometry in milling of 316L stainless steel: A study based on FEM
Authors: Lv Dejin , Yu Xin , Wang Yongguo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objective of this research is to simulate the cutting edge micro-geometry in machining a stainless steel (SUS-316L). The accurate finite element method (FEM) are verified by cutting edge preparation and cutting experiments at solid carbide end mills. The cutting edges are prepared by drag finishing. Utilizing this preparation method, the prepared cutting edges have three kinds of roundness profile with symmetry (K=1) and asymmetry (K=0.5 and K=2), which is considered for the modelling. We explored the chip formation, plastic strain and residual stress, mises stress and distribution of temperature, and also tool-chip contact length and the effective rake angle γeff with three different symmetry (K=1) and asymmetry (K=0.5 and K=2) also be examined. The simulation results suggest that waterfall tools (K=0.5) can increase stress strain and peak cutting temperature compare with other cutting edge micro-geometry. At the same time, the trumpet tools (K=2) also have a great influence on sub-surface and surface stress distribution. Therefore, the cutting edge segment on the flank face Sα has significant the metal cutting process.
Co-inhibition of glutaminolysis and one carbon metabolism promotes ROS accumulation leading to enhancement of chemotherapeutic efficacy in anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Fang Sungsoon , Hwang Yeseong , Yun Hyeok Jun , Jeong Jae Woong , Kim Minki , Joo Seyeon , Lee Hae-Kyung , Chang Hang-Seok , Kim Seok-Mo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive tumors with an extremely poor prognosis. Based on the several biological features related to glutamine metabolism in ATC, we hypothesized glutaminolysis inhibition induces cell death in ATC cells. However, glutamine metabolism inhibition triggered cell growth arrest independent of cell death in ATC, suggesting that other signaling pathways to avoid glutamine metabolism inhibition-induced stress exist. To investigate the functional mechanism against glutamine metabolism inhibition, we conducted mRNA and ATAC-Sequencing data analysis and found that glutamine deprivation increased ATF4-mediated one carbon metabolism. When we inhibited PHGDH, the first rate-limiting enzyme for one carbon metabolism, cell growth arrest was promoted upon glutamine metabolism inhibition by accumulating intracellular ROS. We next observed that the co-inhibition of glutamine and one carbon metabolism could augment the anticancer effects of drugs used in patients with ATC. Finally, single cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that one carbon metabolism was strengthened through evolutionary process from PTC to ATC. Collectively, our data demonstrate one carbon metabolism has a potential role of modulation of cell fate in metabolic stress and can be therapeutic target for enhancing antitumor effects in ATC.
Dexmedetomidine could ameliorate intestinal mucosal barrier injury in patients via inhibiting intestinal oxidative stress and inflammatory responses
Authors: Zhao Tingting , He Rui , Chen Wending , Zheng Xianhe , Li Yuhong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective α2 receptor agonist can inhibit excessive inflammatory reaction and. In this study, we will investigate the effects of Dex can protect against intestinal mucosal barrier injury in patients via inhibiting intestinal inflammatory responses. This is a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial. Ninety-four patients with acute intestinal obstruction, aged 33-81 years of age, weighing 48-80 kg, and having American Society of Anesthesiology physical status II or III, were divided into 2 groups using a random number table method (Con versus Dex). Patients in Dex were intravenously injected with in a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg at 15 min before the induction of general anesthesia followed an infusion at 0.3 μg/kg/h until 30 min before the end of the operation. Before infusing the loading dose of Dex at 1, 3, and 7 d after surgery, peripheral venous blood samples were collected to measure the concentrations of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-Lac), bacterial endotoxin (BT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The occurrence of postoperative complications, anal exhaust time and average length of hospital stay were recorded. Compared with those in Con, the levels of DAO, D-Lac, BT, TNF-α and IL-6 in Dex were significantly decreased at 1 and 3 days after surgery (P<0.05), and anal exhaust time and total incidence of complications were decreased in Dex (P<0.05). General anesthesia combined with Dex can improve hypoxic intestinal mucosal injury, possibly by inhibiting inflammatory response.
Clinical outcomes of conservative surgery for diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis: Experience of 17 cases in a single center
Authors: Kweon Sojung , Kim Sujin , Lee Jeong Soo , Kwack Jae Young , Kwon Yong-Soon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background:
This study aimed to introduce the clinical outcomes of conservative surgery for uterine leiomyomatosis, which also included the specific gross findings of the disease and the specialized surgical technique.
Methods:
All patients with uterine leiomyomatosis underwent conservative surgery with fertility preservation, such as transient occlusion of the uterine arteries(TOUA) adenomyomectomy. All 17 surgeries were performed by a single surgeon (Y. S. Kwon), at Eulji University Hospital between 2018 and 2021. The clinical outcomes included surgical and follow-up outcomes after conservative surgery.
Results:
The mean age of the 17 patients was 36.12 years old (range29-48, SD = 5.4). Fourteen of the 17 patients received a previous myomectomy via a laparotomic (6, 35.3%), laparoscopic (6, 35.3%), or hysteroscopic (2, 11.8%) approach for symptom-relief. The major symptom was menorrhagia (94.1%); the mean operation time was 97.06 minutes (70–160, SD = 22.71), and the mean estimated blood loss was 283.53mL (20-1000, SD = 273.72). One patient required an intraoperative transfusion due to heavy bleeding. The mean hemoglobin level one day after the operation was 9.64g/dL (7.2–13.1, SD = 1.85). The mean hospital stay was 6.47 days (6–8, SD = 0.62). The mean follow-up duration was 116.41 weeks (32–216, SD = 50.88). The recurrence rate was 5/17 (29.4%), and the recurrence-free interval was 50.6 weeks (27–87, SD = 23.71).
Conclusions:
In patients with uterine leiomyomatosis, who want fertility preservation and relief of disease-related symptoms, conservative surgery, such as TOUA adenomyomectomy, could be a good option to preserve the uterus. However, further studies are required to assess fertility outcomes with a long-term follow-up.
Post-graduation intervals related to nonstandard preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in gynecological procedures and surgical site infection
Authors: Tanvisut Rajavadi , Thongaram Man , Kantathavorn Nuttavut , Krisorakun Wasanai , Saeloo Siriporn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
Pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis guideline has been endorse in many institute aims to reduce surgical site infection. Our study conducted to identify the rate of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis in gynecological procedures based on American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology’s recommendations. And to determine the relevant factors for surgical site infection (SSI).
Study design
A retrospective case-control study.
Results
Total 112 procedures were studied and found 5.3% rate of SSI. The risk factors for SSI were inappropriate antibiotic use (12% vs 0%, P=0.01), higher age (45 vs 56.5 years, P=0.01), higher body mass index (30.32 vs 24.35 kg/m2, P=0.02), higher fasting blood sugar (129 vs 96 mg/dL, P=0.01), having medical comorbidities with diabetes and/or hypertension (P=0.01), and post-menopausal status (16.7% vs 1.2%, P=0.01). The procedural factors significantly related to SSI were performing procedures in nonoffice hours (13.8% vs 2.4%, P=0.04), surgery for cancer conditions (20% vs 1.1%, P<0.01). The rate of inappropriate antibiotic prophylaxis was 43.8%. The postgraduation interval of more than 3 years was significantly associated with inappropriate antibiotic prophylaxis (55.8% vs 36.2%, P=0.04).
Conclusion
The overall rate of SSI was 5.3% following gynecological procedures. Risk factors for infection were being elderly, higher BMI, higher fasting blood sugar, having medical comorbidities (diabetes and/or hypertension), post-menopausal status, non-office hour procedures, and cancer surgery. Rate of nonstandard preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was 43.8% and significantly related to SSI. Endorsing standard recommendations on antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the modifiable factors for SSI prevention. A postgraduation interval longer than 3 years was significantly related to nonstandard antibiotic usage.
Study on the influencing factors of bone mass abnormalities in postmenopausal Tibetan women in Tibet
Authors: Zhong Huaichang , Zhou Yaxi , Wang Peng , Jia Qundi , Wan Yang , Xiong Hai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of bone mass abnormalities in postmenopausal women in Tibet, in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of abnormal bone mass in local postmenopausal women.
Methods: A total of 229 Tibetan postmenopausal women were randomly selected from six counties by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Multiple Logistic regression were used to analyze the status and influencing factors of bone mass abnormalities in Tibetan postmenopausal women.
Results: Among 229 postmenopausal Tibetan women, 81(35.4%) had normal bone mineral density, 126 (55.0%) had osteopenia, and 22(9.6%) had osteoporosis. Altitude is the influencing factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis, creatinine and hypertensive heart disease are the influencing factors for osteoporosis.
Conclusion: Tibetan postmenopausal women have higher rates of bone mass abnormalities in Tibet, but lower prevalence of osteoporosis. High altitude is a protective factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis, while low creatinine and hypertensive heart disease are risk factors for osteoporosis. We suggest that relevant departments should take targeted measures to reduce the prevalence of bone mass abnormalities in Tibetan postmenopausal women and improve their quality of life.
Predicting multiple linear stapler firings in double stapling technique with an MRI-based deep-learning model
Authors: Fu Zhanwei , Li Shuchun , Zang Lu , Dong Feng , Cai Zhenghao , Ma Junjun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple linear stapler firings is a risk factor for anastomotic leakage (AL) in laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR) using double stapling technique (DST) anastomosis. In this study, our objective was to establish the risk factors for ≥3 linear stapler firings, and to create and validate a predictive model for ≥3 linear stapler firings in laparoscopic LAR using DST anastomosis.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 328 mid–low rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic LAR using DST anastomosis. With a split ratio of 4:1, patients were randomly divided into 2 sets: the training set (n = 260) and the testing set (n = 68). A clinical predictive model of ≥3 linear stapler firings was constructed by binary logistic regression. Based on three-dimensional convolutional networks, we built an image model using only magnetic resonance (MR) images segmented by Mask region-based convolutional neural network, and an integrated model based on both MR images and clinical variables. Area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and Youden index were calculated for each model. And the three models were externally validated by an independent cohort of 128 patients.
Results
There were 17.7% (58/328) patients received ≥3 linear stapler firings. Tumor size ≥5 cm (odds ratio (OR)=2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.15–5.60, p=0.021) and preoperative carcinoma embryonic antigen (CEA) level >5 ng/mL [OR=2.20, 95% CI=1.20–4.04, p=0.011] were independent risk factors associated with ≥3 linear stapler firings. The integrated model (AUC=0.88, accuracy=94.1%) performed better on predicting ≥3 linear stapler firings than the clinical model (AUC =0.72, accuracy=86.7%) and the image model (AUC=0.81, accuracy=91.2%). Similarly, in the validation set, the integrated model (AUC=0.84, accuracy=93.8%) performed better than the clinical model (AUC =0.65, accuracy=65.6%) and the image model (AUC=0.75, accuracy=92.1%).
Conclusion
Our deep-learning model based on pelvic MR can help predict the high-risk population with ≥3 linear stapler firings in laparoscopic LAR using DST anastomosis. This model might assist in determining preoperatively the anastomotic technique for mid–low rectal cancer patients.
Evidence of Zelkova carpinifolia as a potential host of Tuber uncinatum in Hyrcanian temperate forests
Authors: Azar Saeed Mirzavash , Riahi Hossein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Tuber uncinatum (Tuberaceae, Pezizales) is a commercially important ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal species that associate with many deciduous EcM host species belonging to the Fagales lineage. Because of its host multiplicity among deciduous species, we hypothesized that it may associate with other plant lineages including Rosids which is the most recent common ancestral of the ectomycorrhizae (MRCA-EcM) of Ulmaceae radiated preceding to Fagaceae. The host plant specimens, ascomata, and soil were collected from homogeneous Caucasian elm populationsof the Hyrcanian temperate forests of Iran. Caucasian elm species diagnosis was performed using available botanical sources. The EcM symbiosis evidence and EcMF identity were illustrated by surveying gleba, spore shape, and EcM root anatomy using SEM, light, and stereo-microscopy, followed by molecular analysis. The micrographs obtained from root examination demonstrated the Hartig net penetration among cortical and epidermal cells and the presence of mantle as the EcM sheath. This study supports the EcM symbiosis of T. uncinatum with Zelkova carpinifolia.
The Effect of Mandatory Post-call Relief on Sleep and Wellness in Ophthalmology Residents
Authors: Feng Shu , Davis John A. , Chowdhary Apoorva , Lomazow Whitney , Yi Jonathan S. , Huang Johnson , Ding Leona , Taravati Parisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple duty hour reforms have been implemented to optimize resident wellness through increasing opportunities for sleep recovery, but few studies have recorded objectively measured sleep or shown direct sleep and wellness benefits from such interventions. This study seeks to determine whether mandatory post-call relief policies with a partial night float system improved resident sleep, activity, and burnout among ophthalmology residents taking home call.
Methods
We conducted a two-group cohort study of ophthalmology residents at the University Washington comparing post graduate year-2 (PGY-2) resident sleep, activity, and burnout between the optional post-call relief group from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019 to the mandatory post-call relief group from July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021.
Results
The mandatory post-call relief group recorded longer total sleep on call than the optional post-call relief group (p < 0.001). There was no difference in overnight sleep recorded on call (median 3.4 hours), but residents recorded more time napping in the mandatory post-call relief cohort (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between cohorts in amount of sleep while not on call. Residents in the mandatory post-call relief cohort recorded higher average daily steps, higher exercise time, and lower sedentary time than residents in the optional post-call relief cohort (p < 0.001). They also recorded lower median emotional exhaustion on the Maslach Burnout Inventory and lower stress in the Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale in the mandatory post-call relief cohort (p = 0.008).
Conclusions
Implementation of mandatory post-call relief policies with a partial night-float system among PGY-2 residents resulted in more post-call naps with more overall physical activity, lower emotional exhaustion scores, and lower stress scores, despite no changes to overnight sleep on call or total sleep.
Traffic light optimization using Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA2)
Authors: Leal Samara Soares , Almeida Paulo Eduardo M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The number of vehicles in the world has increased significantly. The optimization of traffic light control plans in large cities is an extremely important area of research in traffic engineering, as poorly coordinated traffic lights can lead to increased waiting times for vehicles at traffic lights and thus to long delays at intersections. In addition, suboptimal control plans could contribute to traffic congestion, which has become a major concern for public administrations, as it is one of the factors that reduce productivity and the quality of life of people. In this context, this paper presents a method for Active Control of Traffic Signals (ACTS) associated with the use of NSGA2 multi-objective algorithm, aimed at optimizing the traffic signal control plan in response to the traffic demand of a region of the city of Belo Horizonte (Brazil), at each cycle time interval. The objectives are to minimize the average delay time and the number of vehicles stops per cycle. Actual data collected by the Company of Transport and Traffic of Belo Horizonte (BHTrans) were used with the AIMSUN simulator and the experiments were compared with the current signal control plan used by BHTrans to determine if NSGA2 is efficient in optimizing the traffic control plan of the region under study.
Crop succession and nitrogen splitting fertilization in common bean in newly implemented no-tillage system
Authors: Jardim Celso Antônio , Mingotte Fábio Luiz Checchio , Coelho Anderson Prates , Lemos Leandro Borges 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The management practices impacts on a crop succession system in newly implemented no-tillage area should be investigated to provide more accurate recommendations. A two-year experiment was conducted in Southeastern Brazil to evaluate the interactions between crop succession (grasses/legume) and nitrogen splitting fertilization in common bean in a production system with newly implemented no-tillage. The plots were formed by three crop succession schemes, with grasses cultivated in spring/summer and the legume crop (common bean) in winter. The cropping systems in spring/summer were: sole maize, maize intercropped with U. ruziziensis and sole U. ruziziensis. The subplots consisted of ten splitting schemes of side-dressing nitrogen fertilization in common bean, with applications in the phenological stages V3, V4 and R5. The common bean grain yield (GY) was 5 to 12% lower when it was cultivated after sole U. ruziziensis compared to other successions. However, when U. ruziziensis was intercropped with maize, the GY of common bean was similar to that obtained in the succession with sole maize. In addition, the intercropping had little effect on the maize agronomic performance. Compared to the application in a single rate, the GY of common bean was on average 12% higher when nitrogen fertilization was split, and the best schemes were 45-00-45 and 45-45-00. Nitrogen fertilization in common bean did not affect the GY of maize in succession. Intercropping of maize with U. ruziziensis and nitrogen splitting fertilization in common bean in succession allows obtaining the ecosystem benefits promoted by the forage without affecting the cash crops yield.
Implementation of interactive control of a crane ship model in MATLAB/Simulink environment
Authors: Makarov Oleg , Yase Hayato , Harada Takashi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The increased demand for performing crane ship modeling has led to the necessity for fast and accurate numerical experiments. This paper presents an approach for creating a numerical model of a crane vessel with a suspended load that allows for real-time control of crane parts. The model is developed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, which makes it possible to extend it further to the user's needs. The authors describe the approach to the calculation of wave-induced ship motions, presents the Simulink block model and describes the features encountered during the simulation process. The possibility of real-time control of the position of crane parts is also shown, keeping the calculation speed of the ship hydrodynamics.
Lean Indian patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have less metabolic risk factors but similar liver disease severity as non-lean patients with NAFLD
Authors: De Arka , Mehta Manu , Singh Priya , Bhagat Naveen , Mitra Suvradeep , Das Ashim , Duseja Ajay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Although most patients with NAFLD are obese or overweight, some are lean with normal BMI. Our aim was to assess differences in clinicopathological profile and liver disease severity among lean and non-lean NAFLD.
Methods
Data of 1040 NAFLD patients over last 10 years was analysed. BMI <23kg/m2 categorised lean patients. Non-invasive assessment of steatosis was done by ultrasound and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) while fibrosis was assessed with FIB-4 and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). FibroScan-AST (FAST) score was used for non-invasive prediction of NASH with significant fibrosis. Histology was reported using NASH-CRN system.
Results
149 (14.3%) patients were lean while 891 (85.7%) patients were non-lean. Diabetes mellitus [25 (16.7%) vs 152 (17.05%), p>0.99], elevated triglycerides [81 (54.3%) vs 525 (58.9%), p=0.33] and low HDL [71(47.6%) vs 479(53.7%),p=0.18] were observed in a similar proportion. Lean patients were less likely to have central obesity [72 (48.3%) vs 788 (88.4%),p<0.001], hypertension [16 (10.7%) vs 239(26.8%),p<0.001] and metabolic syndrome [21 (14.09%) vs 290 (32.5%),p<0.001]. No difference in steatosis assessment was noted using ultrasound (p=0.55) or CAP (0.11). FAST [0.38 (0.18-0.66) vs 0.39 (0.27-0.73),p=0.53],FIB-4 [1.08 (0.65-1.91) vs 1.09 (0.66-1.94),p=0.94] and LSM [6.1 (4.8-7.9) vs 6.2 (4.7-8.6),p=0.19) were similar.
Liver biopsy was available in 149 patients [lean: 19 (12.7%), non-lean: 130 (87.3%)]. There was no difference in the number of patients with NASH [4 (21.05%) vs 20 (15.3%),p=0.51], significant fibrosis [2 (10.5%) vs 32 (24.6%),p=0.25] or advanced fibrosis [1 (5.26%) vs 18 (13.84%),p=0.47].
Conclusion
Although metabolic co-morbidities are less common, there is no difference in liver disease severity among both groups.