bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dependence of the Critical Temperature and Disorder in Holographic Superconductors on Superfluid Density
Authors: Wang Zhenguo , Ge Xian-Hui , Ishigaki Shuta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent experiments strongly indicate deep connections between transports of strange metal and high-$T_c$ superconductors. For instance, it is known that the dependence of the zero-temperature phase stiffness on the critical superconducting temperature becomes linear in underdoped materials. In this paper, we investigate meticulously the relation between the phase stiffness and the critical superconducting temperature for the Gubser–Rocha holographic superconductor model in the probe limit. The superfluid density (or phase stiffness) can be extracted from the low-frequency dependence of the AC conductivity. More importantly, we find linear dependence of zero-temperature superfluid density on the critical superconducting temperature, which bears a similarity to a recent experiment in a film cuprate. In addition, we also provide some approximate formulas for the critical temperatures and the AC conductivity.
The association between residing in regions with population decline and receiving management education or treatment in patients with hypertension
Authors: Kim Woorim , Han Jina , Lee Soon Young , Ju Yeong Jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Many districts in rural areas of Korea are facing population decline due to the aging population phenomenon. This study examined the associations of rural residency with the likelihood of receiving hypertension management education and nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment.

Methods
Data from the 2022 Korea Community Health Survey were used to identify individuals aged 19 years or above diagnosed with hypertension. Rural residency was defined based on the population decline index, which categorizes districts into those with, at risk of, or without population decline. The association between rurality and the likelihood of receiving hypertension management education, with nonpharmacological treatment, and with pharmacological treatment were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression.

Results
Of the 68 183 individuals diagnosed with hypertension, 13 246 (19.4%) received hypertension management education, 17 488 (25.6%) received nonpharmacological treatment, and 65 418 (95.9%) received pharmacological treatment. Individuals residing in areas with population decline were less likely to receive hypertension management education [odds ratio (OR), 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59–0.94] and nonpharmacological treatment (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.42–0.69), but more likely to receive pharmacological treatment (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.17–1.64).

Conclusions
The findings highlight the importance of providing adequate hypertension management education and nonpharmacological treatment to patients residing in rural areas.
Preferences for Selecting and Initiating Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Agents for the Treatment of Patients With Schizophrenia: Results From the US DECIDE Survey
Authors: Velligan Dawn , Salinas Gregory D , Belcher Emily , Franzenburg Kelli R , Suett Mark , Thompson Stephen , Hansen III Rolf T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) improve adherence and reduce schizophrenia relapse rates. Data on which LAI attributes drive clinician preference are limited.

Methods
In the DECIDE survey, 380 psychiatric clinicians (psychiatrists, psychiatric nurse practitioners, physician assistants) were surveyed regarding preferences when selecting and initiating LAIs for patients with schizophrenia. Responses were analyzed by clinician use of LAIs (high [≥31% of their patients using LAIs] or low [≤14% of their patients using LAIs]) and mindset toward LAI use (early, severity reserved, adherence reserved, LAI hesitant).

Results
Overall and across subgroups, side effects were the most important consideration when selecting a particular LAI, with 33% of clinicians ranking this as most important (26%–46% across subgroups). Clinician preference for the molecule was most often ranked least important (47% overall; 39%–59% across subgroups). A significantly higher proportion of clinicians with high vs low LAI use ranked product attributes as the most important consideration (26% vs 13%; P &lt; .01). Across subgroups, multiple injection site options, small/on par needle, and price made at least two-thirds of clinicians somewhat/much more likely to use a particular LAI, and 63%–82% of clinicians reported being somewhat/much more likely to select an LAI dosed once monthly or less often vs 6%–11% being somewhat/much more likely to select an LAI dosed once every 2 weeks.

Conclusions
Overall, results from DECIDE provide insight into the decision-making process of psychiatric clinicians when selecting an LAI and highlight opportunities to help clinicians deliver optimal care for patients with schizophrenia.
Prognostic value of Chagas heart disease on short- and long-term clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Magalhães Bianca K , Silva Vinicius P S , Machado Maurício N , Nakazone Marcelo A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Immunological similarities led us to explore potential interactions between Chagas heart disease (CHD) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We evaluated CHD's impact on the short- and long-term clinical courses of COVID-19 patients.

Methods
The CHD group comprised consecutive hospitalized patients (March 2020–March 2022), while the controls were selected through genetic matching based on COVID complications predictors. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the predictive value of CHD.

Results
Among 114 patients (50.9% male, 82.5% Caucasian, median age 66 y), prevalent comorbidities included cardiovascular diseases (84.2%) and type 2 diabetes (15.8%). Over a 22-month follow-up, no significant difference in the composite outcome (death and decompensated heart failure) was found between CHD patients (68.4%) and controls (72.6%, p=0.709). In-hospital and post-discharge clinical courses showed similarities in presentation, exams, respiratory support, long-COVID manifestations and death (p&gt;0.05). Cox models identified age (every 10 y) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.70 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.31 to 2.20], p&lt;0.001) and normal lymphocyte count (800–1600/mm3) (HR 0.94 [95% CI 0.89 to 0.98], p=0.007) as independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusions
CHD does not significantly impact clinical presentation, in-hospital outcomes or long-COVID manifestations. Age and lymphocyte count are independent predictors of mortality, emphasizing their prognostic significance in COVID-19 complications, regardless of comorbidities.
PRMT1‐mediated BRD4 arginine methylation and phosphorylation promote partial epithelial–mesenchymal transformation and renal fibrosis
Authors: Xiong Chongxiang , Chen Haishan , Su Baoting , Zhang Li , Hu Jingxiang , Wang Qiaowen , Zhuang Shougang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBromodomain‐containing protein 4 (BRD4) plays a vital role in fibrosis of various organs. However, the underlying mechanism of BRD4 in renal fibrosis remains unclear. To construct in vitro and in vivo models of renal fibrosis, TCMK‐1 cells were subjected to TGF‐β1 treatment and mice were subjected to UUO surgery and adenine induction. IP assay was used for arginine asymmetric dimethylation (ADMA) level, ubiquitination degradation of Snail, and acetylation level of Snail test. Co‐IP was used to validate the interactions of BRD4, protein arginine methyltransferase‐1 (PRMT1), and Snail. HE staining and Masson staining were used for morphological examination of renal tissue. BRD4 was abnormally overexpressed during renal fibrosis. TGF‐β1‐induced fibrosis and partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (pEMT) could be inhibited by BRD4 silencing. PRMT1 mediated ADMA level of BRD4 to enhance BRD4 phosphorylation and its protein stability. Snail protein degradation was attenuated by BRD4 overexpression in an acetylation‐dependent manner in TCMK‐1 cells. Furthermore, PRMT1 inhibitor abolished BRD4 overexpression‐induced fibrosis and pEMT in TGF‐β1‐treated TCMK‐1 cells and Snail overexpression reversed BRD4 silencing‐induced inhibition of fibrosis and pEMT. What's more, the reduction of BRD4 arginine methylation inhibited BRD4 phosphorylation and Snail expression to alleviate renal fibrosis in UUO surgery and adenine induction mice. Collectively, PRMT1‐mediated BRD4 arginine methylation and phosphorylation promoted pEMT and renal fibrosis through regulation of Snail expression.
Relationship Between Clinical Decision-Making and Moral Distress in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Authors: Nobahar Monir , Ghorbani Raheb , Alipour Zeinab , Jahan Elahe 
Published: January 2025

Background:
In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), nurses care for premature and critically ill neonates, interact with parents, and make clinical decisions regarding the treatment of neonates in life-threatening conditions. The challenges of managing unstable conditions and resuscitation decisions can cause moral distress in nurses.

Purpose:
This study aims to determine the relationship between clinical decision-making and moral distress in NICU nurses.

Methods:
This cross-sectional, multicenter, descriptive correlational study involved 190 nurses working in 7 NICUs across hospitals in Khorramabad and Semnan in 2023. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, the Clinical Decision-Making Laurie Scale (2001), and the Moral Distress Scale-Revised (MDS-R).

Results:
All nurses in these NICUs were female. No significant correlation was found between clinical decision-making and moral distress (r = −0.03, P = .684). The moral distress score was low. In decision-making, 57.9% of nurses exhibited intuitive analysis (understanding without a rationale). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, education level, and job position were significantly related to clinical decision-making; and being married and having children were inversely correlated with moral distress.

Implications for Practice:
20% of nurses exhibited interpretive intuitive clinical decision-making, which involves care complexities, cognitive understanding, and task-based decisions. Nursing managers should focus on refining these decision-making strategies for NICU nurses.

Implications for Research:
Given the importance of clinical decision-making in the NICU, future research should use quantitative and qualitative methods to explore the decision-making processes and moral distress in NICU nurses.
Outcomes Associated With Care Models for Neonates With Complex Medical Needs
Authors: Loewen Nicole , Ranger Manon , Kieran Emily 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Neonates with complex medical needs (NCMNs) are a small proportion of neonatal intensive care unit admissions but are high healthcare utilizers. Since 2018, NCMNs at our hospital have been cared for by the Neonatal Complex Care Team. This model has yet to be evaluated.

Purpose:
To inform the evaluation of our care model, we examined literature on care practices for the management of NCMNs and utilized that to define outcome measures.

Data Sources:
MEDLINE and Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. Inclusion dates: January 1, 1993, until July 15, 2023.

Study Selection:
The PRISMA extension for scoping reviews was used. The population was neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit, the concept was models of care, and the context was medical complexity. Two reviewers performed the title/abstract screening and full-text review. A total of 148 articles were screened, 17 fully reviewed, and 5 articles included.

Data Extraction:
Data extraction was completed by one reviewer utilizing resources from the Joanna Briggs Institute.

Results:
Care practices ranged from structured discharge meetings with families to an inpatient care model. Few reported new clinical models, and long-term health outcome data were limited. Multidisciplinary care teams emerged as crucial to in-hospital care and smooth discharge. Length of stay and readmission were identified as key outcomes for clinical program evaluation.

Implications for Practice and Research:
There is limited literature on this topic; however, we identified themes and outcomes that are useful for clinical program evaluation. Long-term evaluation of novel models of care is needed.
Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface Surgery to Treat Chronic Postamputation Pain: A Prospective Study in Major Lower Limb Amputation Patients
Authors: Lee Jennifer C. , Kubiak Carrie A. , Best Christine S.W. , Hamill Jennifer B. , Ki Jamie , Kim Hyungjin Myra , Roth Randy S. , Kozlow Jeffrey H. , Tinney Melissa J. , Geisser Michael E. , Cederna Paul S. , Kemp Stephen W.P. , Kung Theodore A. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The objective was to assess the postsurgical outcomes of regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) surgery in a prospective cohort of major lower extremity amputation patients with chronic postamputation pain.

Background:
Chronic pain in lower limb amputation patients is commonly the result of neuroma formation after traumatic peripheral nerve injury. By implanting more proximal transected nerve ends into autologous free muscle grafts, RPNI surgery can treat postamputation pain by diminishing the development of neuromas. RPNI surgery in prior retrospective studies has been shown to mitigate postamputation pain.

Methods:
Twenty-two lower limb amputation patients with established chronic postamputation pain were recruited from 2 studies in this prospective study. All patients underwent RPNI surgery to treat identified symptomatic neuromas within the residual limb. Patient-reported outcome instruments were administered preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 week, 4 months, and 12 months to examine residual limb pain (McGill Pain Questionnaire, PROMIS Pain Intensity, and PROMIS Pain Interference), phantom limb pain (modified PROMIS Pain Intensity and Phantom Limb sensation questionnaire), psychosocial status (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PCS), and functional (OPUS) outcomes.

Results:
RPNI surgery significantly improved residual limb pain. While phantom limb sensation improved significantly, phantom limb pain demonstrated a modest decrease. Psychosocial outcomes also improved significantly after RPNI surgery. Prosthetic use slightly increased, and patients did not experience loss of function.

Conclusions:
RPNI surgery leverages the processes of reinnervation to successfully treat residual limb pain and improve psychosocial outcomes in patients with chronic postamputation pain. Phantom limb pain may be more difficult to treat in chronic pain patients who have central sensitization at the time of surgery.
Importance of Post-Reduction CT Scans in Posterior and Transverse Posterior Wall Acetabular Fracture-Dislocations
Authors: Gardner Samantha R. , Haase Douglas R. , Gattu Nikhil , Warner Stephen J. , Chip Routt Milton L. , Kellam Patrick , Eastman Jonathan G. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES:
To report the frequency of patients with pre- and post-reduction computed tomography (CT) scans associated with acetabular fracture-dislocations and the change of associated intra-articular fragments occurring with joint reduction.

METHODS:

Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting:
Regional Level 1 trauma center.

Patient Selection Criteria:
Patients who sustained an OTA/AO 62A1 and 62B1 posterior wall or transverse posterior wall acetabular fracture-dislocations with pre- and post-reduction CT imaging from February 2020 until July 2023.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Intra-articular fragments were identified and change in position (fossa to cranial, intra-articular to extra-articular, etc.) noted from pre- to post-reduction scans. Operative reports and post-operative CT scans were reviewed to determine the frequency of fragment retrieval.

RESULTS:
119 out of 394 (30.2%) patients meeting fracture pattern inclusion received a CT scan prior to hip reduction. Of the 394 patients, 100 (25.9%) had pre- and post-reduction CT scans and were studied (average age of 35.5 years (range 16 - 87 years), 59 male). 45 of 100 patients (45%) had pre-reduction CT imaging demonstrating the presence of intra-articular fragment(s). 30 of 45 patients with a pre-reduction intra-articular fragment (66.7%) had an intra-articular fragment location change during the reduction. Of the 55 patients who did not have an intra-articular fragment on pre-reduction imaging, 28 of 55 (50.9%) had at least 1 intra-articular fragment on the post-reduction CT. Complete fragment retrieval was performed in 71.4% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
The study demonstrated 30.2% of patients with posterior wall and transverse posterior wall acetabular fracture-dislocations received a CT scan prior to hip reduction. It was common to find intra-articular fragments on the post-reduction CT in patients who did not have them on the pre-reduction CT. Obtaining and scrutinizing the post-reduction CT scan provided accurate knowledge of the location of all osseous fragments associated with the fracture-dislocations which facilitated thorough preoperative planning, intraoperative implementation, and hopeful long-term patient outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Prognostic Level IV.
Persistent elite controllers as the key model to identify permanent HIV remission
Authors: Gasca-Capote Carmen , Ruiz-Mateos Ezequiel 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
To summarize the heterogeneity in the elite controllers population with the aim to identify a compatible profile with a persistent HIV remission, making distinction between persistent elite controllers, people with HIV (PWHIV) who permanently maintain virological control in the absence of antiretroviral treatment (ART), and transient elite controllers, PWHIV who eventually lose virological control. For this purpose, it is important to consider the mechanisms and biomarkers that have previously been associated with the maintenance and loss of the natural virological control.

Recent findings
Transient elite controllers, before losing virological control, exhibit a distinct metabolomic, proteomic, microRNAs (miRNA), immunological and virological profile compared to persistent elite controllers. In addition to a reduced and less polyfunctional HIV-specific T-cell response, transient elite controllers show a greater proportion of intact proviruses integrated into genic regions. In contrast, persistent elite controllers display a privileged HIV-1 reservoir profile with absence of detected intact proviruses or low proportion of clonal intact proviruses preferentially integrated into genomic features associated with HIV-1 transcriptional repression.

Summary
According to previous studies, the comprehensive characterization of persistent elite controllers might be crucial to identify other PWHIV with this distinct profile as spontaneously cured.
Monocytes across life span in HIV infection: lights and shadows
Authors: Neri Alessia , Olivieri Giulio , Pighi Chiara , Amodio Donato , Cotugno Nicola , Palma Paolo 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
This review highlights the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection, focusing on their involvement in the inflammatory response and their function as viral targets and long-term reservoirs.

Recent findings
Monocytes have been categorized into three subsets: classical, intermediate, and nonclassical, each with distinct functional characteristics. Advances in genetic sequencing technologies have enabled a more in-depth exploration of the phenotypic and functional variations among these subsets, particularly in the context of HIV. These findings underscore their role as crucial components of the immune response and as reservoirs for the virus.

Summary
Previous studies on the role of monocytes have demonstrated their contribution to persistent infection and chronic immune activation, especially in adults living with HIV. The lessons learned from these studies should now be harnessed to design studies focused on newborns and children with vertically acquired HIV.
It's all in the gut: the central role of the gut and microbiome in preventing disease progression in simian immunodeficiency viruses infected African nonhuman primates
Authors: Raehtz Kevin D. , Pandrea Ivona , Apetrei Cristian 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Typically, both HIV-infected humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected Asian nonhuman primates (NHPs) eventually progress to AIDS, while African NHPs that are natural hosts of SIV do not, in spite of life-long, high levels of viral replication. Lack of disease progression in African NHPs is not due to some adaptation by the virus, but rather to host adaptations to the virus. Central to these adaptations is maintenance of the gut integrity during acute viral replication and inflammation, which allows natural hosts to avoid the chronic inflammation characteristic to pathogenic HIV/SIV infection.

Recent findings
It has been recently shown that natural hosts of SIVs, such as the African green monkey (AGM), avoid damage to the mucosal epithelium through wound healing mechanisms, possibly with the contribution of a unique anti-inflammatory microbiome. Furthermore, these mechanisms are independent of viral replication, and CD4+ T-cell activation or depletion.

Summary
Future SIV research on natural hosts should focus on further elucidating the anti-inflammatory state of their gut, and the role of microbiome/dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of SIV infection, with the goal of development new regiments or treatments to reduce or even halt the vicious cycle of gut damage and inflammation triggered by pathogenic HIV/SIV infection.
The effect of probiotic administration on the severity of menopausal symptoms and mental health of postmenopausal women: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial in the West of Iran
Authors: Ayubi Erfan , Abdoli Sara , Mehrpooya Maryam , Karami Zahra , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Ghaleiha Ali , Soltani Farzaneh , Salehi Amir Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Menopausal symptoms are a reproductive health issue for women. Some studies have suggested that the use of probiotics may alleviate the severity of menopausal symptoms and mental health status. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic administration on the severity of menopausal symptoms and improve mental health in postmenopausal women in Hamadan, Western Iran.

Methods
A triple-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted from February 20, 2023, to August 23, 2023, at the Comprehensive Health Service Centers in Hamadan City, Western Iran. Participants were randomized to intervention and control groups. The participants in the intervention group were administered probiotic supplements in 200 mg daily capsules for 6 weeks, and those in the control group received 200 mg daily capsules containing starch powder for 6 weeks. The primary outcomes were measured using the Menopausal Rating Scale and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale questionnaires at baseline, week 3, and week 6.

Results
A total of 84 women took part in the study, with 42 individuals assigned to each of the intervention and control groups, respectively. The findings indicated no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the study groups (P > 0.05). The results indicated that the study outcomes changed differently over time between the two groups. The participants in the intervention group exhibited greater improvements in depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress symptoms, as well as in physical, psychological, and urogenital symptoms at both week 3 and week 6, compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study provides evidence regarding potential treatment effects of probiotics consumption in alleviating physical and mental symptoms related to menopause. Further multicenter and large-scale clinical trials with longer follow-up are recommended.