bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2Rev_Rancang Bangun_Marwa+Teknik+Unismuh2
Authors: Unismuh Nurnawaty , Marwah ahmad  , Aswandi Ismail  , Fauzan Hamdi  
Published: April 2023

Saluran peluncur pada bendungan membawa aliran dari ujung hilir saluran transisi sampai peredam energi. Kecepatan aliran yang tinggi dan tekanan yang rendah pada saluran peluncur dapat menimbulkan kavitasi dan aliran getar. Pelimpah memiliki kemiringan curam berisiko terhadap munculnya perilaku hidraulika yaitu kavitasi, kavitasi yang tidak dihilangkan dapat membahayakan permukaan dasar saluran akibat terjadinya gerusan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai indeks kavitasi dan klasifikasi nilai indeks kavitasi. Metode penelitian ini digunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan analisis data sekunder sebagai sumber data utama, dengan cara perbandingan menggunakan data lapangan dengan pemodelan aplikasi HEC-RAS. Hasil nilai indeks kavitasi yang terjadi disaluran peluncur bervariasi setiap bulannya dipengaruhi oleh debit, kecepatan, kedalaman air dan temperatur, dengan cara manual nilai indeks kavitasi terbesar 180,70 terjadi pada bulan Maret debit q5 dan terkecil 4,54 terjadi pada bulan Februari pada debit q350, Untuk cara komputasi nilai indeks kavitasi terbesar 249,42 pada bulan Januari debit Q5, dan terkecil 8,74 pada bulan Februari debit Q350, dan Klasifikasi nilai indeks kavitasi diperoleh bahwa nilai indeks kavitasi lebih besar dari 1 (σ>1) masuk dalam level 1 yang berarti bahwa tidak terjadi aliran negatif atau saluran peluncur masuk dalam kategori aman terhadap kavitasi.
Saluran peluncur pada bendungan membawa aliran dari ujung hilir saluran transisi sampai peredam energi. Kecepatan aliran yang tinggi dan tekanan yang rendah pada saluran peluncur dapat menimbulkan kavitasi dan aliran getar. Pelimpah memiliki kemiringan curam berisiko terhadap munculnya perilaku hidraulika yaitu kavitasi, kavitasi yang tidak dihilangkan dapat membahayakan permukaan dasar saluran akibat terjadinya gerusan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai indeks kavitasi dan klasifikasi nilai indeks kavitasi. Metode penelitian ini digunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan analisis data sekunder sebagai sumber data utama, dengan cara perbandingan menggunakan data lapangan dengan pemodelan aplikasi HEC-RAS. Hasil nilai indeks kavitasi yang terjadi disaluran peluncur bervariasi setiap bulannya dipengaruhi oleh debit, kecepatan, kedalaman air dan temperatur, dengan cara manual nilai indeks kavitasi terbesar 180,70 terjadi pada bulan Maret debit q5 dan terkecil 4,54 terjadi pada bulan Februari pada debit q350, Untuk cara komputasi nilai indeks kavitasi terbesar 249,42 pada bulan Januari debit Q5, dan terkecil 8,74 pada bulan Februari debit Q350, dan Klasifikasi nilai indeks kavitasi diperoleh bahwa nilai indeks kavitasi lebih besar dari 1 (σ>1) masuk dalam level 1 yang berarti bahwa tidak terjadi aliran negatif atau saluran peluncur masuk dalam kategori aman terhadap kavitasi.
Effects of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs on the intestinal microbiota of patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Wu Chunli , Yi Hengzhong , Hu Yanmei , Luo Danlin , Tang Zhigang , Wen Xinmin , Zhang Yong , Tang Mi , Zhang Lizhi , Wu Shu , Chen Mengshi 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs on the composition and functions of intestinal microbiota in patients with rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, stool samples and relevant clinical information were collected from patients with RR-TB admitted to the Drug-resistant Specialty Department at Hunan Chest Hospital (Hunan Institute For Tuberculosis Control). The composition and functions of intestinal microbiota were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics methods.ResultsAltered structural composition of the intestinal microbiota was found when patients from the control, intensive phase treatment, and continuation phase treatment groups were compared (P&lt;0.05). Second-line anti-TB treatment resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of species, such as Prevotella copri, compared with control treatment. However, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and 11 other conditionally pathogenic species increased significantly in the intensive phase treatment group. Based on differential functional analysis, some metabolism-related functions, such as the biosynthesises of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, were significantly inhibited during second-line anti-TB drug treatment, while other functions, such as phenylalanine metabolism, were significantly promoted during the intensive phase of treatment.ConclusionSecond-line anti-TB drug treatment caused changes in the structural composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with RR-TB. In particular, this treatment induced a significant increase in the relative abundance of 11 conditionally pathogenic species, including Escherichia coli. Functional analysis revealed significantly decreased biosynthesises of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan and significantly increased phenylalanine metabolism.
Striatal spatial heterogeneity, clustering, and white matter association of GFAP+ astrocytes in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Brown Taylor G. , Thayer Mackenzie N. , VanTreeck Jillian G. , Zarate Nicole , Hart Damyan W. , Heilbronner Sarah , Gomez-Pastor Rocio 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionHuntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the striatum, a brain region that controls movement and some forms of cognition. Neuronal dysfunction and loss in HD is accompanied by increased astrocyte density and astrocyte pathology. Astrocytes are a heterogeneous population classified into multiple subtypes depending on the expression of different gene markers. Studying whether mutant Huntingtin (HTT) alters specific subtypes of astrocytes is necessary to understand their relative contribution to HD.MethodsHere, we studied whether astrocytes expressing two different markers; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), associated with astrocyte activation, and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), a marker of matured astrocytes and inflammation, were differentially altered in HD.ResultsFirst, we found three distinct populations in the striatum of WT and symptomatic zQ175 mice: GFAP+, S100B+, and dual GFAP+S100B+. The number of GFAP+ and S100B+ astrocytes throughout the striatum was increased in HD mice compared to WT, coinciding with an increase in HTT aggregation. Overlap between GFAP and S100B staining was expected, but dual GFAP+S100B+ astrocytes only accounted for less than 10% of all tested astrocytes and the number of GFAP+S100B+ astrocytes did not differ between WT and HD, suggesting that GFAP+ astrocytes and S100B+ astrocytes are distinct types of astrocytes. Interestingly, a spatial characterization of these astrocyte subtypes in HD mice showed that while S100B+ were homogeneously distributed throughout the striatum, GFAP+ preferentially accumulated in “patches” in the dorsomedial (dm) striatum, a region associated with goal-directed behaviors. In addition, GFAP+ astrocytes in the dm striatum of zQ175 mice showed increased clustering and association with white matter fascicles and were preferentially located in areas with low HTT aggregate load.DiscussionIn summary, we showed that GFAP+ and S100B+ astrocyte subtypes are distinctly affected in HD and exist in distinct spatial arrangements that may offer new insights to the function of these specific astrocytes subtypes and their potential implications in HD pathology.
Amyloid and tau PET in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation two case reports and literature review
Authors: Yang Jhih-Yong , Chu Yung-Tsai , Tsai Hsin-Hsi , Jeng Jiann-Shing 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundCerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is a clinical syndrome characterized by MRI findings of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities-edema (ARIA-E) suggestive of autoimmune and inflammatory reaction and hemorrhagic evidence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The longitudinal variation of amyloid PET and its imaging association with CAA-ri are undetermined. Moreover, tau PET in CAA-ri has been rarely investigated.MethodWe retrospectively described two cases of CAA-ri. We provided the temporal change of amyloid and tau PET in the first case, and the cross-sectional finding of amyloid and tau PET in the second case. We also performed a literature review of the imaging features of amyloid PET in reported cases of CAA-ri.ResultsIn the first case, an 88-year-old male presented with progressive consciousness and gait disturbances over 2 months. MRI showed disseminated cortical superficial siderosis. Amyloid PET prior to and after the CAA-ri revealed focally decreased amyloid load in the region of ARIA-E. In the second case, a 72-year-old male was initially suspected to have central nervous system cryptococcosis but later diagnosed with CAA-ri because of the characteristic MRI features and good response to corticosteroid treatment; a subsequent amyloid scan revealed positive amyloid deposition of the brain. Neither case suggested an association between the region of ARIA-E and higher amyloid uptake on PET before or after onset of CAA-ri. Our literature review revealed variable findings related to amyloid burden in post-inflammatory regions in previously reported CAA-ri cases with available amyloid PET. Our case is the first report of longitudinal changes on amyloid PET and show focal decreases in amyloid load after the inflammatory process.ConclusionThis case series highlights the need to better explore the potential of longitudinal amyloid PET in the understanding of the mechanisms of CAA-ri.
Radiation therapy attenuates lymphatic vessel repair by reducing VEGFR-3 signalling
Authors: Pillay Vinochani , Shukla Lipi , Herle Prad , Maciburko Simon , Bandara Nadeeka , Reid Isabella , Morgan Steven , Yuan Yinan , Luu Jennii , Cowley Karla J. , Ramm Susanne , Simpson Kaylene J. , Achen Marc G. , Stacker Steven A. , Shayan Ramin , Karnezis Tara 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Surgery and radiotherapy are key cancer treatments and the leading causes of damage to the lymphatics, a vascular network critical to fluid homeostasis and immunity. The clinical manifestation of this damage constitutes a devastating side-effect of cancer treatment, known as lymphoedema. Lymphoedema is a chronic condition evolving from the accumulation of interstitial fluid due to impaired drainage via the lymphatics and is recognised to contribute significant morbidity to patients who survive their cancer. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the damage inflicted on lymphatic vessels, and particularly the lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) that constitute them, by these treatment modalities, remain poorly understood.Methods: We used a combination of cell based assays, biochemistry and animal models of lymphatic injury to examine the molecular mechanisms behind LEC injury and the subsequent effects on lymphatic vessels, particularly the role of the VEGF-C/VEGF-D/VEGFR-3 lymphangiogenic signalling pathway, in lymphatic injury underpinning the development of lymphoedema.Results: We demonstrate that radiotherapy selectively impairs key LEC functions needed for new lymphatic vessel growth (lymphangiogenesis). This effect is mediated by attenuation of VEGFR-3 signalling and downstream signalling cascades. VEGFR-3 protein levels were downregulated in LEC that were exposed to radiation, and LEC were therefore selectively less responsive to VEGF-C and VEGF-D. These findings were validated in our animal models of radiation and surgical injury.Discussion: Our data provide mechanistic insight into injury sustained by LEC and lymphatics during surgical and radiotherapy cancer treatments and underscore the need for alternative non-VEGF-C/VEGFR-3-based therapies to treat lymphoedema.
Intercultural sensitivity as a mediator in the relationship between implicit intercultural identification and emotional disturbance—An exploratory study of international high school students
Authors: He Jiayin , Song Xiaoqi , Wang Chanyu , Zhang Ruibin 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundIntercultural adaptation is always associated with emotional disturbances. Intercultural communication competence, as an important competence of intercultural adaptation, involves implicit intercultural identification and intercultural sensitivity. Competence in these areas promotes the process of intercultural adaptation. Little is known about the relationship between intercultural communication competence and emotional disturbances in new students attending international high schools. The intercultural adaptation process of this population requires attention because of the increasing number of high school students attending international schools, and the fact that most of these teenagers are immersed in intercultural contexts for the first time.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of emotional disturbance in new students in an international high school and confirm the relationship among implicit intercultural identification, intercultural sensitivity, and emotional disturbances.MethodsStudy 1 was an investigation of the prevalence of emotional disturbance in 105 students in their 1st year at an international high school using the Self-rating Depression Scale and Self-rating Anxiety Scale. Of these students, 34 were invited to participate in Study 2 to further explore the relationship between intercultural sensitivity, implicit intercultural identification, and emotional disturbances using the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale and Single Category Implicit Association procedure.ResultsStudy 1 indicated that 15.24% of students were affected by apparent depression and 10.48% had anxiety symptoms. Study 2 revealed that emotional disturbances significantly correlated with intercultural sensitivity (p &lt; 0.01) and implicit intercultural identification (p &lt; 0.01). The openness factor from intercultural sensitivity mediated the relationship between implicit intercultural identification and depression (ratio of indirect effect = 41.04%, p &lt; 0.05) and anxiety symptoms (ratio of indirect effect = 34.65%, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe study revealed that a significant proportion of students in the 1st year of international high school are affected by emotional difficulties. However, intercultural communication competence is a protective factor. Enhancing the international communication competence of senior students in international high schools is important to mitigate mental health challenges.
Influencing factors of participation in and satisfaction with elderly health checkups: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Ying-Jen , Lin Chiou-Fen , Feng Jie , Chiu Huei-Ling 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAttending health checkups as a primary prevention strategy benefits older adults in facilitating the identification of health issues and risk factors for disease. Little is known about factors influencing participation in and satisfaction with a free annual elderly health checkup program (EHCP) in Taiwan. This study aimed to extend current knowledge related to the uptake of this service and individuals' views of the service.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study using a telephone interview survey method to compare influencing factors and satisfaction between participants and non-participants of an EHCP. The individuals involved were older adults in Taipei, Taiwan. The random sampling method included 1,100 people, 550 older adults who had participated in the EHCP within the last 3 years, and 550 older adults who had not. A questionnaire containing personal characteristics and satisfaction with the EHCP was used. Independent t-test and Pearson's Chi-squared test were used to evaluate differences between the two groups. Associations between individual characteristics and health checkup attendance were estimated using log-binomial models.ResultsResults showed that 51.64% of participants reported being satisfied with the checkups; however, only 41.09% of non-participants were satisfied. In the association analysis, age, educational level, chronic diseases, and subjective satisfaction were related to older persons' participation. Furthermore, having a stroke was associated with a higher attendance rate [prevalence ratio: 1.49; 95% confidence interval: (1.13, 1.96)].ConclusionsThe EHCP had a high proportion of satisfaction among participants, but the proportion was low among non-participants. Several factors were associated with participation and might lead to unequal healthcare service uptake. Health checkups need to increase among people at a young age, those with low educational backgrounds, and those without chronic diseases.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography perfusion parameters of canine suspected brain tumors at baseline and during radiotherapy might be different depending on tumor location but not associated with survival
Authors: Mortier Jeremy R. , Maddox Thomas W. , Blackwood Laura , La Fontaine Matthew D. , Busoni Valeria 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionTreatment of brain tumors in dogs can be associated with significant morbidity and reliable prognostic factors are lacking. Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCECT) can be used to assess tumor perfusion. The objectives of this study were to assess perfusion parameters and change in size of suspected brain tumors before and during radiotherapy (RT) depending on their location and find a potential correlation with survival.MethodsSeventeen client-owned dogs with suspected brain tumors were prospectively recruited. All dogs had a baseline DCECT to assess mass size, blood volume (BV), blood flow (BF), and transit time (TT). Twelve dogs had a repeat DCECT after 12 Gy of megavoltage RT. Survival times were calculated.ResultsIntra-axial masses had lower BF (p = 0.005) and BV (p &lt; 0.001) than extra-axial masses but not than pituitary masses. Pituitary masses had lower BF (p = 0.001) and BV (p = 0.004) than extra-axial masses. The volume of the mass was positively associated with TT (p = 0.001) but not with BF and BV. Intra-axial masses showed a more marked decrease in size than extra-axial and pituitary masses during RT (p = 0.022 for length, p = 0.05 for height). Extra-axial masses showed a greater decrease in BF (p = 0.011) and BV (p = 0.012) during RT than pituitary masses and intra-axial masses. Heavier dogs had a shorter survival time (p = 0.011). Perfusion parameters were not correlated with survival.ConclusionDCECT perfusion parameters and change in size of brain masses during RT might be different based on the location of the mass.
THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL «UKRAINIAN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION» CELEBRATES THE FIFTH ANNIVERSARY
Authors: Grynova M. , Kravchenko L. 
Published: April 2023

Analytical materials systematized in connection with the fifth anniversary of the scientific journal «Ukrainian Professional Education» are presented. It is a professional publication for the sciences of education and pedagogy, which was founded at Poltava V. G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University in 2016. The journal accumulates more than a century of experience in training teachers and specialists in the socio-humanitarian sphere. It is based on the world-famous achievements of its graduates and teachers, namely Anton Makarenko, Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi, Hryhorii Vashchenko, Volodymyr Shchepotiev, Vasyl Verkhovynets, Ivan Ziaziun, Volodymyr Pashchenko, and others.
The papers of the journal are consistent with the issues of specialized journals known in Ukraine («Philosophical Horizons,» «Pedagogical Sciences,» «Psychology and Personality,» «Origins of Pedagogical Mastery,» «Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action,» «Biology and Ecology»), which are published in Poltava Pedagogical University. The subject of research covers the professional education of highly qualified specialists (bachelor’s, master’s, doctor of philosophy) in a number of fields, i. e., educational sciences, cultural studies, natural sciences, psychology, technologies, sports medicine, physical culture, aesthetic education, architecture, and design, etc. The journal publishes research, theoretical, propositional, and practical papers on the content and methods of experimental professional education in each of the aforementioned fields. The journal specialization is the issue of educational process organization and methods of teaching academic disciplines.
The scientific journal «Ukrainian Professional Education» has a highly qualified editorial board and a team of reviewers who are well-known specialists in the specified subject areas. It has received the status of a professional publication for the sciences of education in Ukraine.
Cognitive Mechanisms in the British Stereotypical Perception of Western Europe Countries: Linguistic and Cultural Dimensions
Authors: Savchuk I. 
Published: April 2023

The article presents the cognitive instruments in the British perception of Western European countries. The problem set is rather topical since it reflects verbal, communicative and cognitive perspectives of intercultural communication. Fiction text fragments by modern authentic British writers serve as research material. Being a representative of the definite ethnocultural group the author verbalizes his personal as well as collectivist ideas about other nations. To single out the imaginings of the British about Europeans the following methods have been involved: cognitive interpretation, discourse and semantic analysis.
Culture defines the subjective reality thus reflecting an individual’s perception of native and foreign behavior. Determined by the cultural context of interaction, generalized perceptual experience is reflected in the ethnic stereotypes of the British cognitive space. Perception of the environment is filtered through the organized system of categories, values, importance of the information, expectations, interests, feelings, character traits etc. The mental process of categorizing the world explains the 'simplification' of reality organized in the minds of the representatives of Great Britain in the context of the stereotyped representation. Belgians are represented as brave in modern English fiction. Spain is associated by the British with rest and pleasure. France, Germany and Austria are viewed as respectful, luxurious, while Germans are considered to be trustworthy and the French – the most arrogant. Dominating positive attitude to Europeans is accounted by their close location. Categorical peculiarities of the perception of other peoples form cultural meaningful knowledge within the communicative competence of the interlocutors. The future perspective of the investigation is seen in learning autosterotyped perception in British worldimage.