bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regression equation for predicting dietary phosphorus intake based on estimated dietary protein intake: A multicenter cross‐sectional study in China
Authors: Li Hailong , Shi Xiaodong , Tan Rongshao , Shi Wanying , Liu Jingfang , Ge Sheng , Hu Wen , Han Lei , Liu Yan , Li Zijian , Zhang Jiaying , Cao Yun , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundProtein and phosphorus intake, which affect chronic kidney disease (CKD), is assessed using cumbersome food diaries. Therefore, more straightforward and accurate methods of assessing protein and phosphorus intake are needed. We decided to investigate the nutrition status and dietary protein and phosphorus intake of patients with stages 3, 4, 5, or 5D CKD.MethodsThis cross‐sectional survey included outpatients with CKD at seven class A tertiary hospitals in Beijing, Shanghai, Sichuan, Shandong, Liaoning, and Guangdong in China. Protein and phosphorus intake levels were calculated using 3‐day food records. Protein levels and calcium and phosphorus serum concentrations were measured; urinary urea nitrogen was determined using a 24‐h urine test. Protein and phosphorus intakes were calculated using the Maroni and Boaz formulas, respectively. The calculated values were compared with the recorded dietary intakes. An equation that regressed phosphorus intake on protein intake was constructed.ResultsThe average recorded energy and protein intake was 1637.5 ± 595.74 kcal/day and 56.97 ± 25.25 g/day, respectively. Overall, 68.8% of patients had a good nutrition status (grade A on the Subjective Global Assessment). The correlation coefficient between protein intake and calculated intake was 0.145 (P = 0.376) and that between phosphorus intake and calculated intake was 0.713 (P < 0.001).ConclusionProtein and phosphorus intakes correlated linearly. Chinese patients with stage 3–5 CKD had low daily energy intake but high protein intake. Malnutrition was present in 31.2% of patients with CKD. The phosphorus intake could be estimated from the protein intake.
Variations in phase angle and handgrip strength in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Silva Taís K. , Perry Ingrid D. S. , Brauner Janete S. , Mancuso Aline C. B. , Souza Gabriela C. , Vieira Sílvia R. R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBioimpedance phase angle (PA) is a measure of cell membrane integrity, whereas handgrip strength (HGS) is an evaluation of functional capacity. Although both are related to the prognosis of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, their changes over time are less known. This study followed variations in PA and HGS for 1 year in these patients, determining associations with clinical outcomes.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 272 cardiac surgery patients. PA and HGS were measured at six predetermined times. The evaluated outcomes were surgery type; bleeding; time of surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross‐clamp, and mechanical ventilation; postoperative (PO) length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital; and infections, hospital readmission, reoperation, and mortality.ResultsThere were reductions in PA and HGS values after surgery, with total recovery beginning at 6 months for PA and 3 months for HGS. In the PA area under the curve (AUC), age, combined surgery, and sex (β = −9.66, P < 0.001; β = −252.85, P = 0.005; β = −216.56, P < 0.001, respectively) were predictors for PA‐AUC reduction. Stratified by sex, age (β = −93.54, P < 0.001) and PO LOS (β = −46.91, P = 0.003) were predictors for HGS‐AUC reduction in women, but only age was a predictor in men (β = −77.02, P = 0.010). PA and HGS had an effect in hospital LOS and ICU LOS.ConclusionAge, combined surgery, and female sex were predictors of reduced PA‐AUC, whereas reduced HGS‐AUC was predicted by age in both sexes and PO hospital LOS in women, which suggests that these factors could interfere in prognosis.
Understanding indigenous people's traditional Chinese medicinal plants harvesting preferences to guide sustainable management
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Fan Linyu , Hu Sifan , Poha  , Jiayangji  , Wan Anita Kar Yan , Zeng Yan , Yang Yongchuan , Duan Beilu , Lee Tien Ming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Surging demand for medicinal plant products may lead to unsustainable harvesting practices, which could put pressure on wild populations. Yet little is known about indigenous harvesters' preferences on key traditional Chinese medicinal plant resources, and how these might affect sustainable use and management.

We conducted a discrete choice experiment with over 900 native Tibetan harvesters in the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan plateau in China, under a range of complex alternative livelihood, climate and environmental change, and land tenure and customs scenarios.

We used random parameter logit model with broad heterogeneity to estimate local Tibetan harvesters' preferences and their willingness to harvest, and latent class logit model to explore distinct within‐population groupings based on shared preferences, for designing possible interventions.

We uncovered three key findings with important management implications for medicinal plants. When given a choice, the local harvesters preferred not to harvest any herbs. However, if they opted to harvest, they preferred to harvest flowers and seeds, as compared to roots, and tended to use wooden tool (over the use of bare hands and iron tool).

Notably, the degree of compliance with village rules and customs, and ecological worldview interact with targeted plant parts and potential income from harvest to influence their harvesting preferences. Their choices were sensitive to scenario‐based changes to livelihood options.

Finally, our study revealed three distinct harvester groups with substantial heterogeneity. Specifically, two groups consisted of over 60% of the interviewed harvesters who appeared to have a strong preference for sustainable practices, while the remaining group lacks this tendency.

Overall, our results shed light on the importance of understanding the drivers of harvesting preferences and the heterogeneity of harvesting practices among indigenous people and their cultural and sustainability leanings, providing crucial insights for future sustainable use and management of wild and economically important medicinal plants in the grasslands of Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and other regions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Improved gross primary production estimation in rice fields through integrated multi‐scale methodologies
Authors: Lee Bora , Kwon Hyojung , Zhao Peng , Tenhunen John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding productivity in agricultural ecosystems is important, as it plays a significant role in modifying regional carbon balances and capturing carbon in the form of agricultural yield. This study in particular combines information from flux determinations using the eddy covariance (EC) methodology, process‐based modeling of carbon gain, remotely (satellite) sensed vegetation indices (VIs), and field surveys to assess the gross primary production (GPP) of rice, which is a primary food crop worldwide. This study relates two major variables determining GPP. The first is leaf area index (LAI) and carboxylation capacity of the rice canopy (Vcuptake), and the second being MODIS remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs). Success in applying such derived relationships has allowed GPP to be remotely determined over the seasonal course of rice development. The relationship to VIs of both LAI and Vcuptake was analyzed first by using the regression approaches commonly applied in remote sensing studies. However, the resultant GPP estimations derived from these generic models were not consistently accurate and led to a large proportion of underestimations. The new, alternative approach developed to estimate LAI and Vcuptake uses consistent development curves for rice (i.e., relies on consistent biological regulations of plant development). The modeled GPP based on this consistent development curve for both LAI and Vcuptake agreed with R2 from 0.76 to 0.92 (within the 95% confidence interval). The results of this study demonstrate that improved linkages between ground‐based survey data, eddy flux measurements, process‐based models, and remote sensing data can be constructed to estimate GPP in rice paddies. This study suggests further that the conceptual application of the consistent development curve, such as the combining of different scale measurements, has the potential to predict GPP better than the common practice of utilizing simple linear models, when seeking to estimate the critical parameters that influence carbon gain and agricultural yields.
Conventional specimen radiography in breast-conserving therapy: a useful tool for intraoperative margin assessment after neoadjuvant therapy?
Authors: Schäfgen Benedikt , Haller Annabelle , Sinn Hans-Peter , Feisst Manuel , Gomez Christina , Stieber Anne , Nees Juliane , Togawa Riku , Pfob André , Hennigs André , Hederer Johanna , Riedel Fabian , Fastner Sarah , Heil Jörg , Golatta Michael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A previous study in our breast unit showed that the diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative specimen radiography and its potential to reduce second surgeries in a cohort of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were low, which questions the routine use of Conventional specimen radiography (CSR) in this patient group. This is a follow-up study in a larger cohort to further evaluate these findings.

Methods
This retrospective study included 376 cases receiving breast-conserving surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) of primary breast cancer. CSR was performed to assess potential margin infiltration and recommend an intraoperative re-excision of any radiologically positive margin. The histological workup of the specimen served as gold standard for the evaluation of the accuracy of CSR and the potential reduction of second surgeries by CSR-guided re-excisions.

Results
362 patients with 2172 margins were assessed. The prevalence of positive margins was 102/2172 (4.7%). CSR had a sensitivity of 37.3%, a specificity of 85.6%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 11.3%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.5%. The rate of secondary procedures was reduced from 75 to 37 with a number needed to treat (NNT) of CSR-guided intraoperative re-excisions of 10.
In the subgroup of patients with clinical complete response (cCR), the prevalence of positive margins was 38/1002 (3.8%), PPV was 6.5% and the NNT was 34.

Conclusion
This study confirms our previous finding that the rate of secondary surgeries cannot be significantly reduced by CSR-guided intraoperative re-excisions in cases with cCR after NACT. The routine use CSR after NACT is questionable, and alternative tools of intraoperative margin assessment should be evaluated.
Tailoring the performance of nanocellulose-based multilayer-barrier paperboard using biodegradable-thermoplastics, pigments, and plasticizers
Authors: Koppolu Rajesh , Lahti Johanna , Abitbol Tiffany , Aulin Christian , Kuusipalo Jurkka , Toivakka Martti 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work a multilayer barrier paperboard was produced in a roll-to-roll process by slot-die coating of nanocellulose (microfibrillated cellulose or carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils) followed by extrusion coating of biodegradable thermoplastics (polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate terephthalate and polybutylene succinate). Hyperplaty kaolin pigments were blended in different ratios into nanocellulose to tailor the barrier properties of the multilayer structure and to study their influence on adhesion to the thermoplastic top layer. Influence of a plasticizer (glycerol) on flexibility and barrier performance of the multilayer structure was also examined. Water vapor permeance for the multilayer paperboard was below that of control single-layer thermoplastic materials, and oxygen permeance of the coated structure was similar or lower than that of pure nanocellulose films. Glycerol as a plasticizer further lowered the oxygen permeance and kaolin addition improved the adhesion at the nanocellulose/thermoplastic interface. The results provide insight into the role played by nanocelluloses, thermoplastics, pigments, and plasticizers on the barrier properties when these elements are processed together into multilayer structures, and paves the way for industrial production of sustainable packaging.
Predicting flow resistance in open-channel flows with submerged vegetation
Authors: Cui Hanwen , Felder Stefan , Kramer Matthias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn vegetated flows, hydrodynamic parameters, such as drag coefficient, frontal area and deflected canopy height, influence velocity distributions, mean velocity and flow resistance. Previous studies have focused on flow–structure interaction in sparse vegetation, dense vegetation or transitional canopies, respectively. To date, a unifying approach to estimate hydrodynamic properties of submerged vegetated flows across the full vegetation density spectrum is missing. Herein, published data sets across a wide range of vegetation conditions were re-analysed using a previously proposed four-layer velocity superposition model. For the investigated vegetation conditions, the velocity model was able to match measured velocity distributions and depth-averaged mean velocity. The contribution of each velocity layer to the mean velocity was analyzed, showing that the mixing layer is dominant in transitional canopies with shallow submergence, and that the log-law layer is dominant in denser canopies with deeper submergence. Based upon velocity distributions, an explicit equation for the Darcy–Weisbach friction factors was deduced that is able to predict flow resistance as function of relative submergence. While each velocity distribution could be well described with the four-layer model across the range of vegetation conditions, some data scatter in model parameters was observed. To improve predictive capabilities of the model, future research should focus on detailed velocity measurements with high spatial resolution.
On star-convex bodies with rotationally invariant sections
Authors: Zawalski Bartłomiej 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe will prove that an origin-symmetric star-convex body K with sufficiently smooth boundary and such that every hyperplane section of K passing through the origin is a body of affine revolution, is itself a body of affine revolution. This will give a positive answer to the recent question asked by Bor, Hernández-Lamoneda, Jiménez de Santiago, and Montejano-Peimbert, though with slightly different prerequisites.
Concerning the photophysics of fluorophores towards tailored bioimaging compounds: a case study involving S100A9 inflammation markers
Authors: Steiner Simon T. , Maisuls Iván , Junker Anna , Fritz Günter , Faust Andreas , Strassert Cristian A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA full understanding concerning the photophysical properties of a fluorescent label is crucial for a reliable and predictable performance in biolabelling applications. This holds true not only for the choice of a fluorophore in general, but also for the correct interpretation of data, considering the complexity of biological environments. In the frame of a case study involving inflammation imaging, we report the photophysical characterization of four fluorescent S100A9-targeting compounds in terms of UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF) and excited state lifetimes (τ) as well as the evaluation of the radiative and non-radiative rate constants (kr and knr, respectively). The probes were synthesized based on a 2-amino benzimidazole-based lead structure in combination with commercially available dyes, covering a broad color range from green (6-FAM) over orange (BODIPY-TMR) to red (BODIPY-TR) and near-infrared (Cy5.5) emission. The effect of conjugation with the targeting structure was addressed by comparison of the probes with their corresponding dye-azide precursors. Additionally, the 6-FAM and Cy5.5 probes were measured in the presence of murine S100A9 to determine whether protein binding influences their photophysical properties. An interesting rise in ΦF upon binding of 6-FAM-SST177 to murine S100A9 enabled the determination of its dissociation equilibrium constant, reaching up to KD = 324 nM. This result gives an outlook for potential applications of our compounds in S100A9 inflammation imaging and fluorescence assay developments. With respect to the other dyes, this study demonstrates how diverse microenvironmental factors can severely impair their performance while rendering them poor performers in biological media, showing that a preliminary photophysical screening is key to assess the suitability of a particular luminophore.
Deep learning-assisted radiomics facilitates multimodal prognostication for personalized treatment strategies in low-grade glioma
Authors: Rauch P. , Stefanits H. , Aichholzer M. , Serra C. , Vorhauer D. , Wagner H. , Böhm P. , Hartl S. , Manakov I. , Sonnberger M. , Buckwar E. , Ruiz-Navarro F. , Heil K. , Glöckel M. , Oberndorfer J. , Spiegl-Kreinecker S. , Aufschnaiter-Hiessböck K. , Weis S. , Leibetseder A. , Thomae W. , Hauser T. , Auer C. , Katletz S. , Gruber A. , Gmeiner M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDetermining the optimal course of treatment for low grade glioma (LGG) patients is challenging and frequently reliant on subjective judgment and limited scientific evidence. Our objective was to develop a comprehensive deep learning assisted radiomics model for assessing not only overall survival in LGG, but also the likelihood of future malignancy and glioma growth velocity. Thus, we retrospectively included 349 LGG patients to develop a prediction model using clinical, anatomical, and preoperative MRI data. Before performing radiomics analysis, a U2-model for glioma segmentation was utilized to prevent bias, yielding a mean whole tumor Dice score of 0.837. Overall survival and time to malignancy were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. In a postoperative model, we derived a C-index of 0.82 (CI 0.79–0.86) for the training cohort over 10 years and 0.74 (Cl 0.64–0.84) for the test cohort. Preoperative models showed a C-index of 0.77 (Cl 0.73–0.82) for training and 0.67 (Cl 0.57–0.80) test sets. Our findings suggest that we can reliably predict the survival of a heterogeneous population of glioma patients in both preoperative and postoperative scenarios. Further, we demonstrate the utility of radiomics in predicting biological tumor activity, such as the time to malignancy and the LGG growth rate.
Comprehensive reliability evaluation of three types of connection of DC–DC converters: single‐phase, two‐phase, and parallel input‐series output
Authors: Mahmoudi Mohsen , Ajami Ali , Babaei Ebrahim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the increasing use of power electronic converters, the reliability studies of these converters are essential. The most important factor in increasing the reliability of power converters is their structures. In this paper the reliability evaluation of a DC–DC converter with various connections including single‐phase, interleaved, and parallel‐input and series‐output (PISO) topologies is presented. In the first view, it seems that the interleave topology has high reliability, but considering the more presented detailed indexes, it is identified that the PISO structure has a higher reliability than the interleave structure. In this paper for better evaluation, the various topologies are considered which operate at full rated power and half power. To calculate the reliability of the converters the important parameters such as the thermal and electrical stresses of elements are considered. The Markov model is used to evaluate the reliability. In order to verify the presented studies and analysis, the DC–DC converters with single‐phase, interleaved, and PISO have been implemented. The experimental results show that the PISO topology has higher reliability.
Low‐ripple high‐efficiency AC‐DC rectifier with auxiliary compensator for hydrogen production
Authors: Zhang Li , Han Minxiao , Bao Weiqi , Dong Yijiang , Fan Yiwen , Liu Haijun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn hydrogen production, AC‐DC rectifiers must provide a high current and low voltage to the production load. This paper focuses on the efficient performance and elimination of the output ripple in these AC‐DC rectifiers. Unfortunately, efforts to reduce the current ripple often lead to lower efficiency, causing a contradiction. To address this issue, a low‐ripple high‐efficiency AC‐DC rectifier with an auxiliary compensator is proposed in this paper. The proposed rectifier can maximise efficiency while eliminating the current ripple, including the switching ripple and low‐frequency ripple. By incorporating a rectifier‐chopper and a buck circuit with a series‐connected capacitor, the auxiliary compensator, the solution provides an additional flow path for the current ripple at the rectifier output, successfully preventing the ripple from being output to the load. This paper offers a thorough exposition regarding the causative factors and sources of the switching and low‐frequency ripple. Furthermore, a detailed explication of the operating principle of the proposed rectifier system is provided. The losses and costs associated with auxiliary compensators are then analysed for persuasive purposes. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and superiority of the proposed rectifier.
Sensitivity Analysis on Odds Ratios
Authors: Leppälä Kalle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The classical Cornfield inequalities state that if a third confounding variable is fully responsible for an observed association between the exposure and the outcome variables, then the association between both the exposure and the confounder, and the confounder and the outcome, must be at least as strong as the association between the exposure and the outcome, as measured by the risk ratio. The work of Ding and VanderWeele on assumption-free sensitivity analysis sharpens this bound to a bivariate function of the 2 risk ratios involving the confounder. Analogous results are nonexistent for the odds ratio, even though the conversion from odds ratios to risk ratios can sometimes be problematic. We present a version of the classical Cornfield inequalities for the odds ratio. The proof is based on the mediant inequality, dating back to ancient Alexandria. We also develop several sharp bivariate bounds of the observed association, where the 2 variables are either risk ratios or odds ratios involving the confounder.
GDockScore: a graph-based protein–protein docking scoring function
Authors: McFee Matthew , Kim Philip M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Summary
Protein complexes play vital roles in a variety of biological processes, such as mediating biochemical reactions, the immune response and cell signalling, with 3D structure specifying function. Computational docking methods provide a means to determine the interface between two complexed polypeptide chains without using time-consuming experimental techniques. The docking process requires the optimal solution to be selected with a scoring function. Here, we propose a novel graph-based deep learning model that utilizes mathematical graph representations of proteins to learn a scoring function (GDockScore). GDockScore was pre-trained on docking outputs generated with the Protein Data Bank biounits and the RosettaDock protocol, and then fine-tuned on HADDOCK decoys generated on the ZDOCK Protein Docking Benchmark. GDockScore performs similarly to the Rosetta scoring function on docking decoys generated using the RosettaDock protocol. Furthermore, state-of-the-art is achieved on the CAPRI score set, a challenging dataset for developing docking scoring functions.

Availability and implementation
The model implementation is available at https://gitlab.com/mcfeemat/gdockscore.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.