bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher accuracy of surgical over core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Pizzi Marco , Sbaraglia Marta , Dal Santo Luca , De Bartolo Debora , Santoro Luisa , Scarmozzino Federico , Mussolin Lara , Pillon Marta , Piazza Francesco , Trentin Livio , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) is based on histological evaluation of representative tissue samples. Despite surgical excision biopsies (SEBs) are reference procedures for such diagnoses, lymph node core needle biopsies (LNCBs) are increasingly performed. The diagnostic yield of LNCB is, however, debated and few studies have compared the reproducibility of LNCB and SEB findings.MethodsTo address the diagnostic value of LNCB and SEB, the present study considered a retrospective series of 43 paired LNCB/SEB samples. After histological revision, concordance rates between matched LNCB/SEB samples were evaluated, assuming SEB as gold standard procedure. The actionability of LNCB and SEB‐based diagnoses (i.e., relevance for planning further medical interventions) was also assessed.ResultsOverall, LNCB provided actionable diagnoses in 39/43 (90.7%) cases, but a consistent subset of them (7/39 [17.9%]) turned out to be wrong at SEB. The cumulative diagnostic inaccuracy of LNCB (i.e., inadequate samples plus wrong diagnoses) was 25.6% and the mean diagnostic delay in such cases was 54.2 days.ConclusionsAlthough limited by selection biases due to its retrospective nature, this study highlights the intrinsic limitations of LNCB for the diagnosis of LPDs. SEB remains the gold standard procedure and should be performed in all suitable cases.
Pneumococcal bacteraemia in adults over a 10‐year period (2011–2020): a clinical and serotype analysis
Authors: Colaco Clinton M. G. , O'Sullivan Matthew , Zhang Hayden , Huynh Danica , Sintchenko Vitali , Oftadeh Shahin , Gilbert Gwendolyn L. , Dotel Ravindra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a human nasopharyngeal tract coloniser responsible for invasive pneumococcal disease, which is largely vaccine preventable. Vaccination is recommended from birth for all, and through adulthood for those with risk conditions.AimsTo describe the clinical and serotype analysis of pneumococcus bacteraemia over a 10‐year period.MethodsA 10‐year (February 2011–December 2020) retrospective review was performed on all adult (age ≥18 years) pneumococcus bacteraemia presenting to the four public hospitals in Western Sydney, Australia. Comorbidities and risk factors were recorded.ResultsThree hundred unique episodes of S. pneumoniae bloodstream infection (SPBI) were identified during the study period. The median age for SPBI was 63 years with 31.7% aged 70 years or older. A 94.7% had one or more risks factors for SPBI. Pneumonia was reported in 80% of all SPBI, whereas meningitis was reported in 6% and infective endocarditis in <1%. Asplenia was noted in 2.4%. Seven‐ and 30‐day mortality was 6.6% and 11.9%, with a higher 30‐day mortality in those aged ≥70 years (24.4%). The serotype distribution showed 7‐valent conjugate vaccine covered 11.0% of all isolates, whereas 13‐valent conjugate vaccine (13vPCV) and a 23‐valent polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV) covered 41.7% and 69.0% respectively. Immunisation details were available for 110 individuals, of whom, only 7.3% had received pneumococcal vaccination.ConclusionsMost patients with pneumococcal bacteraemia had age‐ or comorbidity‐related risk factors but were not vaccinated. Two‐thirds of cases occurred in people aged <70 years. 13vPCV and 23vPPV covered 41.7% and 69.0% of bacteraemic isolates.
The academic stress and subjective well‐being of graduate nursing students: The mediating role of resilience
Authors: Ma Chunhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the levels of subjective well‐being in graduate nursing students, explore the impact of academic stress and resilience on subjective well‐being, and examine the mediation effect of resilience on the relationship between academic stress and subjective well‐being among graduate nursing students.BackgroundFew studies explore the impact of academic stress and resilience on subjective well‐being among graduate nursing students. Understanding the status of subjective well‐being and associated factors in graduate nursing students will enable the development of tailored interventions to improve their well‐being and academic achievements during graduation education.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsGraduate nursing students were recruited by social media between April 2021 and October 2021, in China. Subjective well‐being was measured using the General Well‐Being Schedule, resilience by the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale, and academic stress through the Questionnaire of Assessing Academic Stress for graduate nursing students. Structural equation modelling was used to test the relationship among academic stress, resilience and subjective well‐being.FindingsThe mean score of subjective well‐being for graduate nursing students was 76.37. The proposed model revealed a satisfied fit with the data. Academic stress and resilience were significantly related to subjective well‐being in graduate nursing students. Resilience partially mediated the relationship between academic stress and subjective well‐being, and the mediation effect accounted for 20.9% of the total effect of academic stress on the subjective well‐being.ConclusionAcademic stress and resilience affected subjective well‐being in graduate nursing students, while resilience partially mediated the relationship between academic stress and the subjective well‐being.No Patient or Public ContributionThis study did not involve patients, service users, caregivers or members of the public.
Lessons from professional nursing associations' policy advocacy responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic: An interpretive description
Authors: Chiu Patrick , Thorne Sally , Schick‐Makaroff Kara , Cummings Greta G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundProfessional nursing associations across jurisdictions engaged in significant policy advocacy during the COVID‐19 pandemic to support nurses, the public and health systems. While professional nursing associations have a long history of engaging in policy advocacy, scholars have rarely critically examined this important function.PurposeThe purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to examine how professional nursing associations engage in the process of policy advocacy and (b) to develop knowledge specific to policy advocacy in the context of a global pandemic.MethodsThis study was conducted using interpretive description. A total of eight individuals from four professional nursing associations (two local, one national and one international) participated. Data sources included semi‐structured interviews conducted between October 2021 and December 2021 and internal and external documents produced by organizations. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently. Within‐case analysis was conducted prior to cross‐case comparisons.FindingsSix key themes were developed to illustrate the lessons learned from these organizations including their organization's role in supporting a wide audience (professional nursing associations as a compass); the scope of their policy priorities (bridging the gaps between issues and solutions), the breadth of their advocacy strategies (top down, bottom up and everything in between), the factors influencing their decision‐making (looking in and looking out), their evaluation practices (focus on contribution, not attribution) and the importance of capitalizing on windows of opportunity.ConclusionsThis study provides insight into the nature of policy advocacy carried out by professional nursing associations.ImpactThe findings suggest the need for those leading this important function to think critically about their role in supporting a wide range of audiences, the breadth and depth of their policy priorities and advocacy strategies, the factors that influence their decision‐making, and the ways in which their policy advocacy work can be evaluated to move towards greater influence and impact.
Newly graduated nurses use and further development of assessment skills—An in‐depth qualitative study
Authors: Byermoen Kirsten Røland , Brembo Espen Andreas , Egilsdottir H. Ösp , Eide Tom , Heyn Lena Günterberg , Moen Anne , Eide Hilde 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore in‐depth nurses' use and further development of assessment skills in different nursing contexts in the first 2 years after graduation, and factors that influenced their use and development of assessment skills.DesignThe study had explorative qualitative design.MethodsEight nurses who previously had been interviewed about their learning of physical assessment skills in clinical rotation as students participated in this follow‐up study. Individual in‐depth interviews were conducted, where the nurses spoke freely about their experiences after graduation.ResultsFour prominent features influencing the nurses' use and development of assessment skills were identified: (a) assessment approaches and readiness for practice, (b) the primacy of communication, (c) recognition related to performing assessments, and (d) the influence of organizational factors on their assessment applications.ConclusionNewly graduated nurses' use of assessment skills is an important part of providing holistic care. This study suggest that assessment skills is not only an assessment task but is central in relationship building and in supporting the professional development of nursing competence.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution, due to study design.
Bioconversion of poultry manure and vegetable waste mixes by Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Authors: Parry Nina Jennifer , Weldon Christopher William 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDevelopment time, survival and final nutrient content of Hermetia illucens L. larvae depends on the substrates in which they develop. Mixing different waste types together can increase the performance and survival of the larvae, as well as their waste reduction. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different ratios of mixed fruit and vegetable waste with poultry manure on larval development time, size, biomass production, survival, bioconversion and waste reduction. Freshly hatched neonates (90 mg; approx. 6000 individuals) were placed on 12 kg of a mixture of fruit and vegetable waste and fresh, unprocessed poultry manure and held at 28 ± 0.5°C. Inclusion of fruit and vegetable waste varied from 0% to 100% in 10% increments. Initial temperature of the substrate was also measured. The individual mass of larvae increased significantly as more fruit and vegetable waste was included, from less than 81.3 ± 6.6 mg on poultry manure only to an average size of 211.6 ± 6.0 mg at 100% fruit and vegetable waste. After approximately 60% inclusion of fruit and vegetable waste the performance and survival of the larvae increased significantly while development time was reduced. A combination of high fruit and vegetable waste and low initial temperatures resulted in lower development time overall. The mixing of wastes can be applied in industry to further the goals of waste reduction and biomass production while incorporating low‐quality wastes like poultry manure.
Evaluating control methods for red imported fire ant and their effects on hibiscus mealybug in citrus
Authors: Middleton Eric G. , King Joshua R. , Johnson Abigail , Diepenbrock Lauren M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) may disrupt biological control of hibiscus mealybug (Nipaecoccus viridis) in Florida citrus. Controlling S. invicta may therefore be necessary for effective management of hibiscus mealybug. We evaluated four different methods to control S. invicta (ground applications of insecticide, two different insecticidal ant baits and spot‐treating ant colonies with hot water) to determine how these different treatments affected ants tending to hibiscus mealybug colonies, natural enemy abundance within hibiscus mealybug colonies and hibiscus mealybug colony abundance. While all treatments reduced the number of S. invicta colonies in treated areas compared to an untreated control, only ground applications of insecticide and the two ant baits significantly reduced the abundance of S. invicta found tending hibiscus mealybug colonies. Additionally, significantly more Brachymyrmex obscurior ants were found tending mealybug colonies in plots treated with either of the two ant baits. There was no significant effect of treatment on the abundance of natural enemies in hibiscus mealybug colonies, but significantly fewer natural enemies were found in mealybug colonies tended by S. invicta, and significantly more natural enemies were found in mealybug colonies tended by B. obscurior. Ground applications of insecticide, the abamectin ant bait Clinch and hot water treatments all reduced the overall number of hibiscus mealybug colonies compared with control areas, while the S‐methoprene ant bait Extinguish did not. Our results suggest that reducing the number of S. invicta tending hibiscus mealybug colonies can lead to higher natural enemy abundance and lower hibiscus mealybug abundance. However, methods used to control S. invicta may have different impacts on ant species like B. obscurior, leading to different outcomes with natural enemies.
Preference of black soldier fly larvae for feed substrate previously colonised by conspecific larvae
Authors: Kortsmit Yvonne , Van Loon Joop J. A. , Dicke Marcel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe black soldier fly Hermetia illucens Linnaeus (Diptera: Stratiomyidae; BSF) is gaining interest as an alternative protein ingredient for livestock feed. Larval aggregation behaviour occurs commonly in larvae of various dipteran species. However, the cues initiating aggregation behaviour and its occurrence in subsequent larval instars are still unknown in BSF larvae. Here, we focus on understanding the attraction of larvae to cues left behind in the substrate by conspecific larvae. We developed a dual‐choice test in the dark and examined the preference behaviour of different instars with the use of video recordings. Larval choices were identified based on first substrate contact, cumulative number of substrate contacts, entry of the substrate and number of larvae present in a substrate over time. Our results demonstrate that BSF larvae discriminated between similar substrates with or without cues released by conspecifics, with a strong preference for previously colonised substrates. Our results also showed a difference in behaviour between head‐capsule classes. Substrate contacts occurred more frequently in larvae from a lower head‐capsule class and the number of larvae present in a substrate over time differed between the head‐capsule classes 0.71–0.80 mm and 0.91–1.00 mm. Demonstrating arrestment in response to chemical cues from conspecifics is the first step of understanding aggregation behaviour of BSF larvae and offers opportunities to identify the chemical cues involved.
Portfolio Selection under Systemic Risk
Authors: LIN WEIDONG , OLMO JOSE , TAAMOUTI ABDERRAHIM 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a modified Sharpe ratio to construct optimal portfolios under systemic events. The portfolio allocation problem is solved analytically under the absence of short‐selling restrictions and numerically when short‐selling restrictions are imposed. This approach is made operational by embedding it in a multivariate dynamic setting using dynamic conditional correlation and copula models. We evaluate the out‐of‐sample performance of our portfolio empirically over the period 2007 to 2020 using ex post final wealth paths and systemic risk metrics against mean–variance, equally weighted, and global minimum variance portfolios. Our portfolio outperforms all competitors under market distress and remains competitive in noncrisis periods.
Information design, externalities, and government interventions
Authors: Li Cheng , Xiao Yancheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider a model of Bayesian persuasion with spillovers. A sender provides information to persuade a receiver to take an action with external effects. We consider how government interventions, including corrective subsidy and tax, affect social welfare. In addition to internalizing externalities, government interventions affect social welfare through an informational channel. Subsidies to the sender's preferred action incentivize the sender to reveal less information, but taxes on the sender's preferred action incentivize the sender to reveal more information. Because of such an informational effect, the optimal subsidy and tax may be different from the size of the externalities. In some cases, social welfare is maximized with no government intervention.
The effects of bifrontal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on sleepiness and vigilance in partially sleep‐deprived subjects: A multidimensional study
Authors: Alfonsi Valentina , D'Atri Aurora , Scarpelli Serena , Gorgoni Maurizio , Giacinti Francesco , Annarumma Ludovica , Salfi Federico , Amicucci Giulia , Corigliano Domenico , De Gennaro Luigi 
Published: March 2023

SummaryIn recent years, transcranial electrical stimulation techniques have demonstrated their ability to modulate our levels of sleepiness and vigilance. However, the outcomes differ among the specific aspects considered (physiological, behavioural or subjective). This study aimed to observe the effects of bifrontal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation. Specifically, we tested the ability of this stimulation protocol to reduce sleepiness and increase vigilance in partially sleep‐deprived healthy participants. Twenty‐three subjects underwent a within‐subject sham‐controlled stimulation protocol. We compared sleepiness and vigilance levels before and after the two stimulation conditions (active versus sham) by using behavioural (reaction‐time task), subjective (self‐report scales) and physiological (sleep‐onset latency and electroencephalogram power [n = 20] during the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test) measures. We showed the efficacy of the active stimulation in reducing physiological sleepiness and preventing vigilance drop compared with the sham stimulation. Consistently, we observed a reduction of perceived sleepiness following the active stimulation for both self‐report scales. However, the stimulation effect on subjective measures was not statistically significant probably due to the underpowered sample size for these measures, and to the possible influence of motivational and environmental factors. Our findings confirm the ability of this technique to influence vigilance and sleepiness, pointing out the potential for new treatment developments based on transcranial electrical stimulation.
Impact of hepatitis C treatment status on risk of Parkinson's disease and secondary parkinsonism in the era of direct‐acting antivirals
Authors: Selim Ranya , Gordon Stuart C. , Zhou Yueren , Zhang Talan , Lu Mei , Daida Yihe G. , Boscarino Joseph A. , Schmidt Mark A. , Trudeau Sheri , Rupp Loralee B. , Gonzalez Humberto C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch suggests a possible link between chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the development of Parkinson's Disease (PD) and secondary Parkinsonism (PKM). We investigated the impact of antiviral treatment status (untreated, interferon [IFN] treated, direct‐acting antiviral [DAA] treated) and outcome (treatment failure [TF] or sustained virological response [SVR]) on risk of PD/PKM among patients with HCV. Using data from the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS), we applied a discrete time‐to‐event approach with PD/PKM as the outcome. We performed univariate followed by a multivariable modelling that used time‐varying covariates, propensity scores to adjust for potential treatment selection bias and death as a competing risk. Among 17,199 confirmed HCV patients, we observed 54 incident cases of PD/PKM during a mean follow‐up period of 17 years; 3753 patients died during follow‐up. There was no significant association between treatment status/outcome and risk of PD/PKM. Type 2 diabetes tripled risk (hazard ratio [HR] 3.05; 95% CI 1.75–5.32; p < .0001) and presence of cirrhosis doubled risk of PD/PKM (HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.31–3.47). BMI >30 was associated with roughly 50% lower risk of PD/PKM than BMI <25 (HR 0.43; 0.22–0.84; p = .0138). After adjustment for treatment selection bias, we did not observe a significant association between HCV patients' antiviral treatment status/outcome on risk of PD/PKM. Several clinical risk factors—diabetes, cirrhosis and BMI—were associated with PD/PKM.
Investigating the genetic basis of vertebrate dispersal combining RNA‐seq, RAD‐seq and quantitative genetics
Authors: San‐Jose Luis M. , Bestion Elvire , Pellerin Félix , Richard Murielle , Di Gesu Lucie , Salmona Jordi , Winandy Laurane , Legrand Delphine , Bonneaud Camille , Guillaume Olivier , Calvez Olivier , Elmer Kathryn R. , Yurchenko Andrey A. , Recknagel Hans , Clobert Jean , Cote Julien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough animal dispersal is known to play key roles in ecological and evolutionary processes such as colonization, population extinction and local adaptation, little is known about its genetic basis, particularly in vertebrates. Untapping the genetic basis of dispersal should deepen our understanding of how dispersal behaviour evolves, the molecular mechanisms that regulate it and link it to other phenotypic aspects in order to form the so‐called dispersal syndromes. Here, we comprehensively combined quantitative genetics, genome‐wide sequencing and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the genetic basis of natal dispersal in a known ecological and evolutionary model of vertebrate dispersal: the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. Our study supports the heritability of dispersal in semi‐natural populations, with less variation attributable to maternal and natal environment effects. In addition, we found an association between natal dispersal and both variation in the carbonic anhydrase (CA10) gene, and in the expression of several genes (TGFB2, SLC6A4, NOS1) involved in central nervous system functioning. These findings suggest that neurotransmitters (serotonin and nitric oxide) are involved in the regulation of dispersal and shaping dispersal syndromes. Several genes from the circadian clock (CRY2, KCTD21) were also differentially expressed between disperser and resident lizards, supporting that the circadian rhythm, known to be involved in long‐distance migration in other taxa, might affect dispersal as well. Since neuronal and circadian pathways are relatively well conserved across vertebrates, our results are likely to be generalisable, and we therefore encourage future studies to further investigate the role of these pathways in shaping dispersal in vertebrates.