bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and opportunities for improving management of snakebites: Perspectives of healthcare workers in Northern Uganda
Authors: Wafula Solomon T. , Namakula Lydia N. , Ninsiima Lesley R. , Ssekamatte Noah Kiwanuka , Walekhwa Abel W. , Mugume Innocent B. , Musoke David 
Published: September 2023

Background
Snakebites are a neglected public health problem that pose a significant burden on affected individuals and communities in many sub-Saharan African countries, including Uganda. However, the barriers and facilitators to snakebite management within healthcare settings are not as well understood and well-documented. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perspectives of healthcare workers involved in handling snakebite incidents at individual and health system levels in Arua and Gulu districts in Northern Uganda. We sought to understand how healthcare workers manage snakebite cases, what challenges they encounter, and what opportunities they perceive for improvement.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with 18 healthcare workers from different cadres, seniority levels, and facility types. We used iterative thematic analysis to explore the management procedures, challenges, and opportunities for snakebite management. Using thematic analysis, we identified the overarching themes and subthemes related to snakebite management and associated barriers and opportunities.

Results
The main barriers to snakebite management identified by healthcare workers were inadequate knowledge and skills; limited availability of antivenom; lack of protocols for snakebite management; delayed treatment-seeking for patients; and poor referral systems. The main opportunities for improvement were regular in-service training; increasing public education and awareness about snakebite prevention and management; and increased funding and research.

Conclusion
This study highlights the need for interventions to address the identified barriers while leveraging the existing opportunities to enhance snakebite management in Uganda. Specifically, we recommend the provision of regular training and support to healthcare workers, developing clinical guidelines, and improving the availability of antivenoms.
Financial and Operational Creditors in Bankruptcy Resolution: A General Equilibrium Approach Under Three Game-Theoretic Division Rules with an Application to India
Authors: Prasad Rohit , Iyer S. Veena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The existing literature on bankruptcy division either ignores creditor type or focuses on secured and unsecured creditors, subsuming operational creditors in the latter category. Further, implications for the debtor and the economy as a whole are under-emphasized. We build a general equilibrium model with default using three game-theoretic division rules to examine the appropriate adjudication of the claims of financial and operational creditors for optimum output and firm profits as well as creditor welfare. Our paper extends and enriches the normative discussion on these game-theoretic division rules. The analysis indicates that the proportion of claims held by financial and operational creditors is a key determinant of overall outcomes, and that interests of the corporate debtor represent common ground that could soften creditor competition. Using a dataset of bankruptcy resolution cases from India, we identify the specific rules that approximate actual payout for different claim proportions and deduce the overriding power of financial creditors. Institutional changes that would result in better long-term outcomes are proposed.
Micro-Entrepreneurs’ Health Strategies During and Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Marková Volejníčková Romana , Maříková Hana , Pospíšilová Marie , Švarcová Markéta 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The topic of safeguarding against sickness grew in importance during the COVID-19 pandemic. People’s health was more at risk, yet not all had the same capacity and options to deal with it. Therefore, this article focuses on the under-researched topic of choice of strategies and individual practices for safeguarding against one’s sickness among micro-entrepreneurs (with 1–10 employees) before and during the pandemic, namely on the example of Czechia. We analyse 30 qualitative interviews with micro-entrepreneurs to demonstrate how their social location affects the attainability of strategies and individual practices for that purpose. It is primarily their family role (breadwinner vs caregiver) that, along with socioeconomic status, either limits or opens choices of strategies and individual practices or combinations thereof. Although the COVID-19 pandemic posed a high health risk to the entire society, it did not bring the micro-entrepreneurs to revise their often-risky choices in safeguarding against sickness. In contrast, it highlighted some specifics of micro-enterprises, e.g. their unclear organisational structure, which proved a high risk in the context of the health crisis.
Investigation on the supporting role of intelligent power system based on low carbon and environmental protection
Authors: Ding Xinqi , He Tao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The development of modern society requires not only attention to development methods and efficiency, but also correct evaluation of various environmental issues that arise during development, to achieve optimal social development without damaging the ecological environment. Intelligent power systems utilize new energy technologies, energy storage technologies, and smart grid technologies. Against this development background, how to achieve sustainable, environmentally friendly, and Low Carbon (LC) development in the power system operation, which has been at the center of China’s national economic construction and development system, has become a common concern for all participants. Therefore, this paper proposed a study on supporting role of intelligent power systems based on LC and environmental protection. In the new era, the target functions to be achieved by smart grids can provide the necessary support for the construction and development of LC power systems, and its importance is self-evident. Based on this reality, this article took LC power systems as the research object and combined the analysis of the functions of smart grids to discuss clean energy power systems. The experimental results showed that the Power Generation (PG) capacity of thermal PG increased from 280.4 billion kWh to 289.7 billion kWh. The increase in wind PG from 2.5 billion kWh to 5.5 billion kWh showed that although clean energy accounted for a small proportion, the power system was still dominated by traditional PG. However, clean energy PG is increasingly being valued. At the end of this article, corresponding rectification suggestions were also proposed, with the purpose of helping to optimize the development and improvement of LC power systems.
Expected vs. perceived effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy among transmasculine adolescents
Authors: Taillefer Valerie , Kelley Janie , Marsolais Sophie , Chiniara Lyne , Chadi Nicholas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Gender-affirming testosterone therapy is increasingly prescribed among transmasculine adolescents and has been associated with improved mental health outcomes. However, expected and perceived effects of testosterone have not previously been compared in this population.

Methods
We compared desired and reported effects of testosterone in all consecutive transmasculine adolescents followed at a large interdisciplinary gender diversity clinic in North America. Participants received a prescription for testosterone and were first seen between November 2016 and May 2021. Our study was a retrospective audit of case notes. We collected self-reported desired effects prior to initiation of testosterone and self-reported perceived effects from participants’ medical records up to 24 months after initiation. The masculinizing effects of testosterone considered in our study were increased body/facial hair, voice deepening/Adam’s apple growth, increased muscle mass, clitoromegaly, and body fat redistribution.

Results
There were 76 participants included in this study. Mean age at prescription of testosterone was 16.31 years (standard deviation: 0.99 years). The effects desired by the greatest proportion of participants prior to initiation were increased body/facial hair (69 %) and voice deepening/Adam’s apple growth (52 %). These same two effects were the most reported by participants, reaching 80 % report rates at 12 months, and increasing steadily across the 24-month follow-up period.

Conclusions
Our study shows that for most, but not all gender diverse adolescents undergoing testosterone therapy, the most expected physical changes were seen in the first year of gender-affirming treatment. More research and provider education are needed to offer optimal counseling for adolescents undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy.
Water-dispersible paper for packaging applications – balancing material strength and dispersibility
Authors: Pfennich Andrea Christine , Schoeffmann Elisabeth Anna , Lammer Herfried , Hirn Ulrich 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Water-dispersible paper is useful for packaging applications as it disintegrates into its fibers after usage, and also is a fully biodegradable material. Here, we first introduce a laboratory testing method for the disintegration performance of different paper grades under low agitation in water. Then a quantitative analysis on the technological and physical mechanisms responsible for dispersibility of paper is performed. We identify lignin content, degree of refining and addition of starch as relevant factors reducing paper dispersibility. Addition of a debonding agent, a non-ionic surfactant, was not found to be effective here. We found a strong correlation of both, wet- and dry tensile strength to dispersibility. From all water absorption related paper properties only ultrasonic liquid penetration measurements were correlated to paper dispersibility. Principal component analysis revealed that paper strength and water penetration speed are not governed by different latent variables but instead are all strongly associated with the first principal component. This suggests that the same mechanisms are responsible for reduction of water penetration speed and wet/dry strength. Hence we suggest to decouple network strength and water penetration, e.g. by identifying suitable additives imparting bonding strength without reducing the access of water which is required to break the fiber–fiber bonds.
Content Analysis of Libraries’ Instagram Posts: Cultural Collection, Activities, and Preservation of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Rachman Yeni Budi , Gietty Tambunan Shuri Mariasih , Abdullah Sani Mad Khir Johari , Salim Tamara Adriani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Libraries’ roles and contributions in promoting and raising awareness of culture and cultural heritage to support the sustainability of cultural life can be strengthened by utilizing social media platforms, including Instagram. However, there is a gap in studies and research relating to how academic libraries reflect their cultural functions through social media, i.e., Instagram. This paper provides a content analysis of academic libraries’ Instagram accounts at three academic libraries located in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. These libraries represent their universities’ concerns with promoting sustainable development goals, specifically Sustainable Development Goal 11 (make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable). This study analyzed and categorized the Instagram posts of academic libraries related to culture and cultural heritage to answer the following research question: how do academic libraries reflect their cultural functions through social media, i.e., Instagram? The results show that the academic libraries studied here considered reflecting their cultural functions through social media by informing users about various cultural events, collections, facts, and news on Instagram.
Independent isomeric yield ratios of fission products in the epi-cadmium neutron induced fission of 241Pu
Authors: Naik Haladhara , Singh Ram Janam , Dange Srikant Pandurang , Jang Wooyoung 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of 130,132Sb, 131,133Te, 134,136I, 135Xe and 138Cs have been measured in the epi-cadmium neutron induced fission of 241Pu by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The average neutron energy (<E
n>) of the epi-cadmium reactor neutron spectrum is 1.9 MeV. From the IR values, root mean square fragment angular momenta (J
RMS) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. Effect of nuclear structure on J
RMS values was examined. The present data in the epi-cadmium neutron induced fission of 241Pu were compared with the similar data in the thermal neutron induced fission of 241Pu to examine the role of excitation energy on fragment angular momentum.
Effect of oligosaccharides and aerobic training on hyperglycemia, growth and intestinal microbial diversity of diabetic rats
Authors: Choneva Mariya Atanasova , Hristozov Milen Veselinov , Dimov Ivica , Boyanov Krasimir Ognyanov , Dimitrov Iliyan Valeriev , Murdjeva Mariana Atanasova , Hrischev Petar Ivanov , Vasilev Veselin Atanasov , Georgieva Katerina Nikolova , Bivolarska Anelia Veselinova 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by dysbiosis. Modulation of the gut microbiota by oligosaccharides and aerobic training are proposed mechanisms that ameliorate the disease through affecting host-microbiota interactions.

Methods
Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups – 5 with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and 3 healthy controls. The effect of two oligosaccharides – xylo- and galactooligosaccharides, and of aerobic training on the blood glucose concentration, growth and diversity of the gut microbiota was evaluated in the current study.

Results
The galactooligosaccharides positively affected the glycemic status of the experimental animals as the diabetic and healthy rats had lower blood glucose concentration after 6 weeks of treatment (diabetic rats: week 4 vs. week 8, p=0.047; healthy rats: week 2,4,6,10 vs. week 8, p=0.001, p=0.000, p=0.025 and p=0.001, respectively). A positive effect of the galactooligosaccharides on body weight was observed when administered to diabetic rats in comparison to the diabetic control (p=0.020). Similar results were observed for the aerobically trained diabetic rats (p=0.004). The identification of bacterial species showed preserved microbiota diversity and indicated Bifidobacterium indicum, Lactobacillus feritoshensis and E. coli as the most abundant species among the analyzed genera.

Conclusions
Prebiotic treatment beneficially affected the hyperglycemia and growth of type 1 diabetic rats. The most significant effect of the aerobic training was the improvement of the morphological parameters. Oligosaccharide administration and exercise did not affect the diversity of the bacterial species.
Terpenoid compounds from the fruits of Solanum virginianum
Authors: Liu Yan , Liu Shuang , Xu Zhen-Peng , Wang Si-Yi , Jiang Yi-Kai , Guan Wei , Pan Juan , Kuang Hai-Xue , Yang Bing-You 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Eleven compounds were isolated and identified from ethanolic extracts of Solanum virginianum fruits, including two new compounds (1–2) and nine known compounds (3–11). Their structures were determined to be melongenaterpene C15-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (9Z)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl -hexadeca-1,6,10-triene-3,5,14,15-tetraol-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), actini-dioionoside A (3), byzantionoside B (4), citroside A (5), 7Z-roseoside (6), matenoside A (7), megastigmane (8), dihydrophaseic acid 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), taraxerol (10), and huzhangoside C (11). In this paper, NMR spectroscopy was used to study the structures of the compounds, comparing their data with those in the literature. In addition, the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds was also evaluated using the RAW264.7 cell inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The terpenoids showed no significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Innovation in gallery education: Art experimental workshops in the Moravian Gallery
Authors: Burešová Lenka 
Published: September 2023

The framework of this paper describes my own experience as an independent gallery educator in a museum institution, implementing a "classic educational format" focusing on experiential teaching activities for schools, practical teaching activities for the public in order to develop a "new educational format" for teaching within a gallery space.
These formats of a gallery educational activities were tested in the Moravian Gallery in Brno, Czech Republic and a series of free-time artistic and experimental workshops called ARTS'UP_ ART ON EX were created and open to the public. The gallery term for these activities was coined as "edutainment". The result was documented and curated in a permanent exhibition titled Art is Here -"New art".
Part of this research is an examination of galleries educational activities that explores the theory and the practical ideas to define the formats of education within gallery spaces to develop a programme of activities aimed to children and the public.
The aim is to explore other formats for spaces to learn by bringing the "educational institution" and "cultural institutions", together by developing a common ground to create a curriculum for visiting schools to create a new platform for teachers to expand the model of education.
The practical result of the research is the presentation of a gallery project created for the permanent exhibition of modern art in the Moravian Gallery. Since no educational material detailing the social science concept of modernism was created for the exhibition itself, the creation of a methodological sheet that contains structured educational content with a proposal for activities that allows elements of art pedagogy and cross-curricular links. In addition, the result enriches a constructivist-oriented model of teaching that can be used in galleries or can serve as a strategy point to develop new educational spaces.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Iriondo Otero Walter R. 
Published: September 2023

Sempre é uma satisfação apresentar uma nova edição da Revista Prociências, composta por trabalhos acadêmicos provenientes de pesquisas e discussões originadas na dinâmica da Ciência e da Tecnologia na sociedade.
Na atual edição compartilhamos contribuições advindas da Argentina, do Brasil, da Colômbia e do México. Da Argentina, recebemos dois artigos, um deles resultante de estudos da Universidad Nacional de Lanús, que aborda a temática da Educação e da Política, o outro, originário de pesquisas da Universidad Abierta Interamericana, que aborda as funções da linguagem nos transtornos da comunicação social. Da Colômbia, obtivemos contribuições provenientes de três universidades, notadamente, Universidad de La Sabana, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, e Universidad de Cundinamarca, que abordam a avaliação de competências em química geral. Do México, a Universidad de las Américas y el Caribe colabora com um texto que versa sobre a transformação da educação para a população vulnerável mediante a criação de novelas digitais.
Do Brasil, nesta edição, os artigos são originários de diversas universidades e institutos federais de educação, ciência e tecnologia, notadamente, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto Federal Farroupilha, e Instituto Federal Sul-Riograndense. Os docentes e pesquisadores dessas instituições nos brindam artigos que abordam questões relativas ao ensino de matemática e a formação de professores de matemática; ensino de língua adicional e a sua relação com o exame CELPE-BRAS; e, na área das Engenharias, sobre o uso de GPR para a identificação de instrumentação em subsuperfície.
Como sempre, destacamos que a Revista Prociências recebe trabalhos em fluxo contínuo e aceita, também, propostas para Edições Especiais, no formato de Dossier ou Edição Temática.
Encorajamos, portanto, a submissão de trabalhos inéditos e propostas de Edições Especiais para os próximos números da Revista Prociências.
Desejamos que a leitura dos artigos desta edição seja proveitosa!

Prof. Dr. Walter R. Iriondo Otero
Editor
Safeguards Needed in Transfer of Patient Data
Authors:   Task Force on Medical Informatics, Section on Computers and Other Technologies, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine
Published: September 2023

This Policy Statement was retired May 2004.
The intent of this statement is to provide practitioners with information to assist them in safeguarding the electronic storage and transmission of patient data. It lists safeguards that should be in place in pediatric practices that send facsimiles of patient data. Issues of protecting patient and provider confidentiality, maintaining the security of these data, and state and federal health data legislation are also addressed.
Weed community of no-till avocado (Persea americana Mill.) crops in tropical highlands
Authors: Castañeda Sánchez Dario Antonio , Barrera Betancourth Mateo 
Published: September 2023

No-till avocado orchards in the highlands are gaining importance in eastern Antioquia, Colombia. To evaluate the influence of management, and edaphic properties on the composition of weed communities, 50 Hass avocado orchards were studied in nine municipalities of eastern Antioquia. The variables cover and presence of weeds were used to estimate relative frequency, dominance, and Importance Value (IV); weed management was characterized by a survey. The maximum moisture retention capacity and pH of the soil were also determined. The importance of species, rotation of management strategies, and herbicides were analyzed graphically. The association between weeds dominance, and factors, was evaluated by a generalized linear model. 66 dicots and 28 monocot weeds were classified. Out of the 10 most important species, three foreign species, Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv, Digitaria horizontalis Willd, and Pennisetum clandestinum Hoschst. Ex Chiov were the most representative. The municipalities are grouping the effects of similar management strategies in the territory. Chemical management favored the equilibrium of the weed composition, while mechanical management did not. Soil properties had less influence on the distribution and dominance of weeds.