bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitators and inhibitors of traumatic brain injury transfers: A fieldwork investigation
Authors: Højbjerg Karin , Poulsen Ingrid , Egerod Ingrid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimIntensified healthcare specialization has increased the need for patient transfers. We aimed to describe in‐hospital and interhospital patient transfer decisions during the traumatic brain injury (TBI) trajectory from a nursing perspective.DesignEthnographic fieldwork.MethodsWe used participant observation and interviews at three sites representing the acute, subacute and stable stages of the TBI trajectory. Deductive analysis was applied supported by transition theory.ResultsDuring the acute stage (neurointensive care), transfer decisions were facilitated by physicians assisted by critical care nurses, in the subacute stage (highly specialized rehabilitation), transfer decisions were collaborative among in‐house healthcare professionals, community staff and family, and during the stable stage (municipal rehabilitation), transfer decisions were made by non‐clinical staff. Most of the resources allocated during the trajectory went towards highly specialized rehabilitation, whereas more resources are needed during the end of the trajectory.No Patient or Public ContributionPatients and the public were not involved in this study .
The psychometric properties of the Diabetes Self‐Efficacy Scale in Saudis with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kerari Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Diabetes Self‐Efficacy Scale (A‐DSES).DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional design.MethodsThis study recruited 154 Saudi adults with type 2 diabetes at two primary healthcare centres in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Its instruments were the Diabetes Self‐Efficacy Scale and the Diabetes Self‐Management Questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the A‐DSES were assessed for reliability, including internal consistency and validity using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity.ResultsThe item‐total correlation coefficients were >0.30 for all items, ranging from 0.46 to 0.70. The Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was 0.86. One factor was extracted from the exploratory factor analysis (self‐efficacy for diabetes self‐management), and the one‐factor model showed an acceptable fit to the data in the confirmatory factor analysis. Diabetes self‐efficacy levels were positively correlated with diabetes self‐management skills (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), indicating criterion validity.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the A‐DSES is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing self‐efficacy related to diabetes self‐management.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe A‐DSES could be used in clinical practice and research to provide a reference for assessing self‐efficacy levels in areas of diabetes self‐management.No Patient or Public ContributionParticipants were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting or dissemination plans of this research.
Evaluation of woman‐centred care status by Iranian midwives and providing strategies to improve women‐centred care: A sequential explanatory mixed method study protocol
Authors: Mashayekh‐Amiri Sepideh , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐Charandabi Sakineh , Vaezi Maryam , Meedya Shahla , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe present study aimed to evaluate the status of WCC provided by Iranian midwives.DesignA sequential explanatory mixed method study protocol.MethodsThe present study was conducted in three phases: quantitative, qualitative and mixed. The first phase is a cross‐sectional study that will be performed on midwives working in health centres, public and private hospitals in Iranian. The second phase is a qualitative study, in which purposeful sampling will be used, meaning that the midwives who are part of the extreme cases according to the results of quantitative phase and are willing and able to express their own experiences regarding WCC will be selected. Also, pregnant and parturient women under their cover will also be interviewed. Finally, in the mixed phase, we will use a combination of two quantitative and qualitative studies, a literature review and expert opinion using a Delphi method to provide strategies to improve and promote WCC in midwives.ResultsAchieving this goal is expected to provide positive outcomes such as strengthening the midwives professional relationship with women and reducing health care costs.No Patient or Public Contribution.
Mortality After Total Thyroidectomy for Amiodarone‐Induced Thyrotoxicosis According to Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Frey Samuel , Caillard Cécile , Mahot Pascale , Pattier Sabine , Volteau Christelle , Knipping Garance , Lande Gilles , Drui Delphine , Mirallié Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo report cardiac outcomes after total thyroidectomy for amiodarone‐induced thyrotoxicosis according to the baseline left ventricular ejection fraction in a tertiary referral center.Study DesignRetrospective, monocentric.SettingThe tertiary health care system.MethodsPatients who underwent total thyroidectomy for amiodarone‐induced thyrotoxicosis between 2010 and 2020 with age >18 and available preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction were included in this study. Patients were dichotomized into: group 1 with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥40% (mildly reduced/normal ejection fraction), and group 2 with left ventricular ejection fraction <40% (reduced ejection fraction).ResultsThere were 34 patients in group 1 and 17 to group 2. The latter were younger (median 58.4 [Q1‐Q3 48.0‐64.9] vs. 69.8 years in group 1 [59.8‐78.3], p = .0035) and they presented more cardiomyopathy (58.8 vs. 26.5%, p = .030). Overall, the median time until surgery referral was 3.1 [1.9‐7.1] months and 47.1% underwent surgery after restoration of euthyroidism. Surgical complications accounted for 7.8%. In group 2, the median left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly improved after surgery (22.5 [20.0‐25.0] vs. 29.0% [25.3‐45.5], p = .0078). Five‐year cardiac mortality was significantly higher in group 2 (p < .0001): 47.0% died of cardiac causes versus 2.9% in group 1. A baseline left ventricular ejection fraction <40% and a longer time until surgery referral were significantly associated with cardiac mortality (multivariable Cox regression analysis, p = .015 and .020, respectively).ConclusionThese results reinforce the idea that surgery, if chosen, should be performed quickly in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <40%.
Robotic‐assisted versus laparoscopic redo antireflux surgery in children: A cost‐effectiveness study
Authors: Delgado‐Miguel Carlos , Camps Juan I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionRobotic‐assisted redo fundoplication has some advantages compared to the laparoscopic approach in adults, although to date there are no studies in children.MethodsA retrospective case‐control study was performed among consecutive children who underwent redo antireflux surgery between 2004 and 2020, divided into two groups: LAF group (laparoscopic redo‐fundoplication) and RAF group (robotic‐assisted redo‐fundoplication). Demographics, clinical, intraoperative, postoperative and economic data were compared.ResultsA total of 24 patients were included (10 LAF group; 14 RAF group) without demographic or clinical differences. The RAF group presented lower intraoperative blood loss (52 ± 19 vs. 145 ± 69 mL; p < 0.021), shorter surgery time (135 ± 39 vs. 179 ± 68 min; p = 0.009) and shorter length of hospital stay (median 3 days [2–4] vs. 5 days [3–7]; p = 0.002). The RAF group presented a higher rate of symptom improvement (85.7% vs. 60%; p = 0.192) and lower overall associated economic costs (25 800$ vs. 45 500$; p = 0.012).ConclusionRobotic‐assisted redo antireflux surgery may offer several benefits over the laparoscopic approach. Prospective studies are still needed.
Haar Frame Characterizations of Besov–Sobolev Spaces and Optimal Embeddings into Their Dyadic Counterparts
Authors: Garrigós Gustavo , Seeger Andreas , Ullrich Tino 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the behavior of Haar coefficients in Besov and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces on $${\mathbb R}$$
R
, for a parameter range in which the Haar system is not an unconditional basis. First, we obtain a range of parameters, extending up to smoothness $$s<1$$

s
<
1

, in which the spaces $$F^s_{p,q}$$

F

p
,
q

s

and $$B^s_{p,q}$$

B

p
,
q

s

are characterized in terms of doubly oversampled Haar coefficients (Haar frames). Secondly, in the case that $$1/p<s<1$$

1
/
p
<
s
<
1

and $$f\in B^s_{p,q}$$

f
∈

B

p
,
q

s

, we actually prove that the usual Haar coefficient norm, $$\Vert \{2^j\langle f, h_{j,\mu }\rangle \}_{j,\mu }\Vert _{b^s_{p,q}}$$

‖

{

2
j

⟨
f
,

h

j
,
μ

⟩

}

j
,
μ

‖

b

p
,
q

s

remains equivalent to $$\Vert f\Vert _{B^s_{p,q}}$$

‖
f
‖

B

p
,
q

s

, i.e., the classical Besov space is a closed subset of its dyadic counterpart. At the endpoint case $$s=1$$

s
=
1

and $$q=\infty $$

q
=
∞

, we show that such an expression gives an equivalent norm for the Sobolev space $$W^{1}_p({\mathbb R})$$

W
p
1

(
R
)

, $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

, which is related to a classical result by Bočkarev. Finally, in several endpoint cases we give optimal inclusions between $$B^s_{p,q}$$

B

p
,
q

s

, $$F^s_{p,q}$$

F

p
,
q

s

, and their dyadic counterparts.
Optical properties of borate glasses containing chromium and erbium oxide
Authors: Kashif I. , Ratep A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBorate glass samples containing chromium and erbium were prepared. According to the density and molar volume, the Cr2O3-free glass sample had an expanded glass structure. Cr has three distinct absorption bands, and according to the measured optical absorption characteristics, a band was observed at 688 nm due to the 4A2g(F) → 2Eg(G) transition, indicating the presence of Cr6+. Cr3+ was observed in the bands at 446 and 620 nm, which were attributed to 4A2g (F) → 4T2g (F) and 4A2g (F) → 4T1g (F). Using the absorption spectra of the glass samples, the Judd–Ofelt theory was used to calculate the three parameters for glass: Ω2, Ω4, and Ω6. The slow transformation of chromium ions in these glasses from Cr6+ to Cr3+ disturbs the local symmetry and adds coordinated bond defects, which affect the surroundings of Er3+ ions.
Interrelationships between Pre-processing and Subsequent Procedures in the Recycling of Spent Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Gerold E. , Anbauer A. , Kügele A. , Ebenauer K. , Antrekowitsch H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is currently an important topic in the fields of research and industry. New developments for the recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs show a clear trend towards hydrometallurgical concepts. In this context, pre-treatment in particular plays an essential role. If organic compounds remain in the material or if the cathode and anode materials are insufficiently separated from the conductor foils, this can lead to massive process complications in the subsequent hydrometallurgical processes. The chair of Non-ferrous Metallurgy is developing and testing the adaptation and improvement of the recycling possibilities of used lithium-ion batteries for subsequent hydrometallurgical processing. Particular attention is paid to the use of synergy effects and the interaction of treatment and metallurgical processes as this combination is the only way to find an efficient and economical way to recover valuable metals. For this purpose, the comparison of different aggregates for the optimal preparation of the active material from spent lithium-ion batteries for subsequent further processing is carried out. By improving the overall processes, the recovery rates for the valuable metals contained, such as cobalt, nickel, and lithium, can be significantly increased, the metallurgical processes be optimised and the raw material cycle be closed. This is a significant contribution to environmental and climate protection, especially in view of the criticality of the elements mentioned. Due to the demand for a holistic solution for the long-term supply of the European Union with critical raw materials through recycling, a significant optimisation in the field of recovering valuable metals from used lithium-ion batteries can be realised.
Mathematical model for force and energy of virion-cell interactions during full engulfment in HIV: Impact of virion maturation and host cell morphology
Authors: Kruse Elizabeth , Abdalrahman Tamer , Selhorst Philippe , Franz Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractViral endocytosis involves elastic cell deformation, driven by chemical adhesion energy, and depends on physical interactions between the virion and cell membrane. These interactions are not easy to quantify experimentally. Hence, this study aimed to develop a mathematical model of the interactions of HIV particles with host cells and explore the effects of mechanical and morphological parameters during full virion engulfment. The invagination force and engulfment energy were described as viscoelastic and linear-elastic functions of radius and elastic modulus of virion and cell, ligand-receptor energy density and engulfment depth. The influence of changes in the virion-cell contact geometry representing different immune cells and ultrastructural membrane features and the decrease in virion radius and shedding of gp120 proteins during maturation on invagination force and engulfment energy was investigated. A low invagination force and high ligand-receptor energy are associated with high virion entry ability. The required invagination force was the same for immune cells of different sizes but lower for a local convex geometry of the cell membrane at the virion length scale. This suggests that localized membrane features of immune cells play a role in viral entry ability. The available engulfment energy decreased during virion maturation, indicating the involvement of additional biological or biochemical changes in viral entry. The developed mathematical model offers potential for the mechanobiological assessment of the invagination of enveloped viruses towards improving the prevention and treatment of viral infections.
Expression of PinX1 and hTERT in basal cell carcinoma and their implications
Authors: Qin Long , Ge Jing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the expression and significance of PIN2/TERF1 interacting, telomerase inhibitor 1 (PinX1) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in basal cell carcinoma (BCC).

Methods
Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were performed to quantify the mRNA expressions and integrated optical density (IOD), respectively, of PinX1 and hTERT in BCC specimens (n = 30), as well as in normal skin specimens (n = 15). Results The mRNA expression level and IOD of PinX1 in the BCC samples were both significantly lower than those in the control specimens (P < 0.05). Conversely, the mRNA expression level and IOD of hTERT in BCC were both significantly higher than that in the control samples (P < 0.05). The correlation between the expression levels of PinX1 and hTERT showed no statistical significance (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Downregulation of PinX1 and upregulation of hTERT expression may be associated with the activation and maintenance of telomerases in the induction of BCC.
Damage to Wistar rat livers after hypo-fractionated radiation and oxaliplatin
Authors: Chen Mingxuan , An Yongheng , Yu Hongsheng , Li Yifan , Chen Xiaoman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypo-fractionated radiation therapy combined with oxaliplatin can aggravate liver damage, in order to determine its safety for clinical application.

Methods
Eighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, the chemotherapy treatment group, the radiation treatment group, and the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group. The rats’ liver tissues were then collected for histological evaluation at the first, second, fourth, sixth, and eight week after irradiation. The tissues were histologically evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.

Results
Histological examination revealed swollen hepatocellular cells in the experimental groups, with visible liver degeneration and necrosis. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly different between the groups (F = 85.869 and 214.663; P < 0.001). The intra-group expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were also significantly different between each time point (F = 6.047 and 43.344; P < 0.05). Bax expression was significantly different between each group (F = 8.122; P < 0.05), although no inter-group differences were observed for Bcl-2 expression (F = 0.808; P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Chemoradiotherapy may aggravate liver injury, possible via overexpression of Bcl-2 and reduced expression of Bax. Therefore, this treatment should be used carefully in the clinic.
A clinical study of thoracic esophageal carcinoma metastasis into abdominal lymph nodes
Authors: Yang Qingjie , Zhong Li , Guo Ming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the potential of thoracic esophageal carcinoma to metastasize into abdominal lymph nodes.

Methods
The data on abdominal lymph node metastasis in 164 patients who had undergone resection of thoracic esophageal carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively and grouped according to tumor position in the upper, middle, or lower thoracic esophagus. The difference in tumor infiltration depth, differentiation degree, pathological type, pathological stage, and the metastasis rate in abdominal lymph nodes among the three groups was evaluated and the correlation of abdominal lymph node metastasis with tumor infiltration depth, differentiation degree, and pathological type was analyzed.

Results
Clinical characteristics such as tumor infiltration depth, differentiation degree, pathological type, and pathological stage were not significantly different between the patients with upper, middle, and lower thoracic esophageal carcinomas. Although there was a difference in the metastasis rate in abdominal lymph nodes between the three groups (6.9%, 27.4%, and 39.6% for the upper, middle, and lower thoracic esophageal carcinomas, respectively), it was not statistically significant. There was also no association between the rate of abdominal lymph node metastasis and tumor infiltration depth, differentiation degree, and pathological type.

Conclusion
Esophageal carcinoma specifically metastasizes into lymph nodes. If the tumor infiltrates the upper thoracic submucosa, it could metastasize down to abdominal lymph nodes via the lymphatic capillary net. The majority of esophageal carcinomas were of T1b or higher pathological stage at the diagnosis, indicating infiltration of the submucosa. Thus, tumors of the early stage, high degree of differentiation, or position in the upper thoracic esophagus were not less prone to metastasis into abdominal lymph nodes. Therefore, routine abdominal lymph node dissection during radical surgery for esophageal carcinoma is necessary.
Expression and clinical significance of serum lipoprotein (a) in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Meng Lingjun , Shen Fangzhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum lipoprotein (a) [LP (a)] in patients with gastric cancer.

Methods
Two hundred and twenty-two patients with gastric cancer (gastric cancer group) were selected from 2015 to 2017 [mean age (58.40 ± 10.40) years], as were 101 healthy persons [normal age group, mean age (58.18 ± 11.42) years]. Fasting blood samples were collected and evaluated by immunoturbidimetry with a biochemical analyzer. LP (a) concentration was observed and its difference was compared.

Results
There was no significant correlation between LP (a) and tumor stage (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the level of LP (a) in the male gastric cancer group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In the subgroup analysis, the level of LP (a) and abnormal rate showed an increasing trend among patients with stages I-IV gastric cancer. The level of LP (a) in poorly differentiated gastric cancer patients was higher than that in the high middle differentiation group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in LP (a) levels among patients with different pathological types of gastric cancer (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
LP (a) was correlated with the occurrence, development and differentiation of gastric cancer, but not with the pathological classification of gastric cancer. Serum LP (a) concentration may be used as an indicator for the staging and prognosis of gastric cancer, but the specific underlying mechanism remains to be further studied.
Olfactory schwannoma: a case report
Authors: Wu Weidong , Zhan Xiaozhen , Wang Kezhen , Cui Chengzhi , Xu Kai , Cong Peiyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Intracranial schwannomas are frequently located in the VIII cranial nerve, followed by the V and VII cranial nerves, but are quite rare in the olfactory cranial nerves. Here, we report a case of an olfactory schwannoma and review the literature to improve the diagnosis and treatment of olfactory schwannoma.

Methods
We report a case of olfactory schwannoma in a 51-year-old Chinese man who experienced dizziness and no other symptoms.

Results
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a neoplastic mass located on the anterior cranial base to the right of the midline and near the cribriform plate and sphenoidal plane. The lesion travelled through the cribriform plate into the nasal cavity. This mass was initially thought to be an olfactory groove meningioma. We performed a craniotomy for surgical excision, and the tumor was completely resected, and the skull base was reconstructed at the same time. There were no complications during surgery, and the patient recovered well. The histopathological diagnosis was a schwannoma.

Conclusion
Olfactory schwannomas are extremely rare and similar to olfactory ensheating cell tumors, and the immunohistochemical staining of leukocyte antigen 7 (Leu7/CD57) can be used to identify them. Although the standard treatment of olfactory schwannoma remains unclear, in all reports, most patients can have excellent prognosis after an effective surgical resection.
Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xu Fei , Ren Xiaoli , Chen Yuan , Li Qianxia , Li Ruichao , Chen Yu , Xia Shu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Lung cancer, being the most common cancer type, accounts for 13% of all newly diagnosed malignant tumors globally each year. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of newly diagnosed lung cancers each year, but its annual death toll accounts for 25% of that of lung cancer. We summarized relevant clinical studies to elaborate the epidemiology, pathological and clinical characteristics and the treatment status of small cell lung cancer. This paper first described the epidemiology and the pathological and clinical characteristics of SCLC and the systematic treatment of extensive-stage SCLC and then introduced the current targeted therapy and immunotherapy for SCLC to provide clinicians and patients with a more systematic, comprehensive, and beneficial treatment regimen. We expect that these studies can provide clinicians with a clear direction in molecularly targeted therapy or immunotherapy, so that a treatment approach with better antitumor effects and longer-lasting clinical benefits can be provided to the patients.