bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mendelian randomization shows depression increase the risk of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Won Sungho , Jin Heejin , Lee Jeewon , Lee Sanghun , Oh Sohee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with severe mental illnesses (SMIs), such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. However, causal relationships between SMIs and T2D remain unclear owing to potential bias in observational studies. We aimed to characterize the causal effect of SMI liability on T2D using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). The causality between liability to SMI and T2D was investigated using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, MR-Egger with a simulation extrapolation, weighted median, and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier method. Similarly, we performed additional MR which can detect the reverse causation effect by switching exposure and outcome for T2D liability for SMI. To further consider pleiotropic effects between SMIs, multivariable MR analysis was performed after accounting for the other traits. In the univariable IVW method, depression showed a causal effect on T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 1.128, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.024–1.245, P = 0.014). Multinomial MR more strongly supported these results (IVW OR: 1.197, 95% CI: 1.069, 1.340, P = 0.002; MR-Egger OR: 1.198, 95% CI: 1.062, 1.349, P = 0.003). Bidirectional MR showed reverse-causality absence between depression and T2D. However, causal relationship of bipolar and schizophrenia on T2D was not detected. Careful attention is needed for patients with depression regarding T2D prevention and treatment.
Using degradable oxidizing additives in manufacturing of drip irrigation tapes to prevent environmental problems
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammadhadi , Khaledian Mohammadreza , Olfati Jamalali 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lack of water resources in the world and especially in Iran, as well as the effect of climate change has led to savings in water consumption and increased productivity, especially in the agricultural sector. Pressurized irrigation is one of the ways to increase water productivity and reduce water consumption in agriculture. Tape drip irrigation is a pressurized irrigation method that is more justifiable than other methods both in terms of water productivity and water consumption. On the other hand, the use of these tapes is associated with the fact that due to their consumption for a maximum of one or two growing seasons, environmental problems arise due to their accumulation in agricultural areas. Farmers either leave them on the fields or burn them or bury them. All three of these methods pose dangerous environmental hazards. To address this issue, it is recommended to produce them from or with biodegradable materials. In this study, biodegradable additive was used as a degradation accelerator in the production of tapes. After the production of these tapes, they were used in real conditions and during a growing season and in two treatments: below and on the soil surface, along with the canopy and without shade (beans and radishes). After 6 and 11 months, the tapes were sampled to investigate their degradation. The results showed that tapes made with oxo additive began to degrade more and faster than conventional tapes. Reduction of properties such as weight, turbidity, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength at rupture point, elongation at rupture point, Young's modulus, and toughness in tapes produced with oxo additive show more and faster degradation than conventional tapes. Therefore, it can be said that the use of oxo masterbatches in the production of tapes has been possible and useful. Of course, this should be considered from environmental aspects in future research.
Determination of Aflatoxins M1, M2, B1, B2, G1, G2 and Ochratoxin A in Infant Formulas from Brazil Using an Modified QuEChERS Method and UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Sartori André Victor , Moraes Maria Heloísa Paulino , Santos Rosana Pereira dos , Souza Yuri Pereira , Candido Felipe Stanislau , Nóbrega Armi Wanderley 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the contamination levels by aflatoxins M1, M2, G1, G2, B1 and B2 and Ochratoxin A in 123 infant formula powder samples from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A sensitive method using a modified Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was validated for application in sample analyses. Ochratoxin A and aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 were not detected in the analyzed samples. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in 18 (14.6%) of the analyzed samples and quantified in eight (6.5%), at concentration levels ranging from 0.016 to 0.057 µg kg-1 and an average concentration of 0.031 µg kg-1. The aflatoxin M1 concentrations found in three of the analyzed samples (0.040, 0.044 and 0.057 µg kg-1) exceed the limit established by European Union regulations (0.025 µg kg-1). The estimate daily intake (EDI) of aflatoxin M1 for infants up to 12 months ranged from 0.39 to 1.53 ng kg-1 body weight day-1.
Within-day and between-day reliability of a novel test to evaluate back extensor strength in healthy individuals.
Authors: Algarni Nizar , Alshammari Abdullah , Marwan Yousef , Alzakri Abdulmajeed A. , Addar Abdullah , Alaseem Abdulrahman , Albishi Waleed , Alshaygy Ibrahim , Alageel Musab , Fortin Maryse , Jarzem Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a common complication of long spinal fusion. The prevalence of PJK ranges between 6 and 41% and frequently requires reoperation. One of the potential causes is thought to be posterior muscle dissection within the fused range at the time of posterior fusion. Various measurement protocols have been tested to evaluate extensor muscle strength, endurance and power in adults. However, it is not universally accessible and is rarely used clinically due to the high cost, requirement for considerable user expertise, demands on the functional capacities of the patient and protracted testing time. Currently, the Biering–Sørensen test is the most widely used isometric test for assessing extensor muscle endurance. But, it was deemed unsuitable and difficult for older patients with chronic low back pain undergoing spine surgery.
In this study, we designed a simple method that allows us to perform lumbar spine extensor strength tests in a comfortable seated position. This study aimed to assess the within-day and between-day reliability of this novel test for evaluating back extensor strength in healthy individuals.
Methods
In this study, we examined 79 healthy subjects (33 males and 46 females), who were 25–63 years of age. The subjects were placed in a seated position on the novel chair and secured tightly with a lap belt. In each session, the subjects were asked to extend their backs against the force transducer at maximum capacity, maintaining the extension for 5 seconds. The maximal force delivered over that period was recorded. The subjects had a practice trial followed by three forceful extensions with pausing intervals of 30 seconds. Measurements were obtained by one of three trained raters, and the average force of all three trials was recorded. A follow-up session was carried out within 14 days. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess within-day and between-day reliability.
Results
The mean force in the initial session was 314.6±118.3 N, and it was 318.6±123.6 N in the follow-up session. The ICCs for within-day reliability and between-day reliability were 0.89 [95%CI: 0.83–0.92] and 0.88 [95% CI: 0.81–0.93], respectively. There was a strong correlation between the average measures of the initial and follow-up sessions (r = 0.80; p < 0.001; R2 = 0.62).
Conclusion
The use of the static dynamometer chair is a reliable, non-invasive, cost-effective test that facilitates the assessment of the strength of lumbar spine extensors in healthy adults.
Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score is a predictor of postoperative delirium in hemodialysis patients: preliminary study
Authors: Watanabe Kimio , Ieiri Tamaki , Fujikura Emi , Yamamoto Tae , Okamoto Koji , Miyazaki Mariko , Tanaka Tetsuhiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Preoperative risk assessment for delirium after major surgery is important, because postoperative delirium prolongs the duration of hospital stay and is associated with an increased risk of death. However, no reports have assessed risk factors for the development of postoperative delirium in hemodialysis patients. Here, we investigated whether preoperative mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score is a predictor of delirium after major surgery in hemodialysis patients. A total of 47 hemodialysis patients who underwent major surgery under general anesthesia were included. MMSE was assessed preoperatively and analyzed for an association with the development of postoperative delirium. Evaluation showed that 23.4% of patients developed postoperative delirium, and the postoperative delirium group (n = 11) had significantly lower MMSE scores than the non-delirium group (n = 36) (26.3±3.2 vs 22.7±4.7, p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, past history of cerebrovascular disease, serum albumin, hemoglobin and C-reactive protein showed that low MMSE score was an independent risk factor for postoperative delirium development (exp (β) = 0.690, 95% CI: 0.514 to 0.927, p = 0.014). Although further accumulation of cases is needed, our data suggests that preoperative MMSE score is a predictor of delirium after major surgery in hemodialysis patients.
Unitary representations for toroidal extended affine Lie algebras
Authors: Chen Hongjia , Li Zheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this article, we give a class of representations of toroidal extended affine Lie algebras on Fock spaces based on a special subset of roots. Several properties of these roots are discussed. Then with these properties we find the singular vectors in the representations. After that we construct anti-linear anti-involutions of these Lie algebras and hermitian forms on the representations. At last, we find the sufficient and necessary conditions to guarantee that the representations are unitarizable.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary: 17B67, 17B10; Secondary: 17B05, 17B22.
Research on the construction method of command and Control Network based on edge weighting
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Pan Chengsheng , Shi Jianfeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the traditional command and control network model is difficult to reflect the complex structure of the command and control network, the complex network theory is used to describe the hierarchical structure and correlation between the elements of the command and control network, and an edge weighting method of the command and control network based on the combination of the node's attributes and network attributes is proposed. In this method, the node's attributes mainly consider the factors such as node information transmission capability, task coordination capability between nodes, node distance, and response time. The network attributes are mainly represented by command hierarchy and betweenness, and the three types of nodes in the traditional command and control network model are expanded into five types of nodes. According to the edge weighting method, the commanding edge inside the command and control network, the cooperative edge between the command and control network, and the overstepping command edge are generated. The simulation results show that the characteristic parameters of the command and control network model are better than those of the traditional command and control network, which is more in line with reality. It has small-world and scale-free characteristics, enhances the command coordination ability, and effectively improves the command efficiency of the network.
Efficacy and Safety Analyses of Cytoreductive Non-Regional Lymph Node Radiotherapy in Addition to Prostate-Directed Local Therapy in Low Metastatic Burden Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mai Lixin , Liu Ruiqi , Pan Qiwen , Cai Lingling , Cao Wufei , Huang Sijuan , Lin Maosheng , Li Yonghong , Zhou Fangjian , Liu Yang , He Liru 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cytoreductive non-regional lymph node radiotherapy (NRLNRT) in addition to prostate-directed local therapy (PDLT) in low metastatic burden prostate cancer (LMBPC).
Methods
From August 2009 to February 2021, 88 LMBPC patients with NRLN metastasis were identified. Patients receiving cytoreductive NRLN RT in addition to PDLT (NRLN RT group) were matched by one-to-one propensity score to patients without cytoreductive NRLN radiotherapy (control group). Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used for prognostic analyses.
Results
The median follow-up was 43.3 months. PSA response after NRLN RT was 70.6%, and the median PFS after NRLN RT was 29.5 months. The 4-year OS for NRLN RT group and control group was 62% and 46%, respectively (P = 0.037). NRLN RT (HR 0.22, P = 0.001), HSPC (HR 0.32, P = 0.003), bone metastases (HR 3.79, P = 0.000) and androgen-receptor-axis-targeted agents (HR 0.40, P=0.007) were independent prognostic factors of OS. Subgroup analyses showed HSPC at the time of NRLNM and patients with ＜5 NRLNM had greater magnitude of benefit than the counterpart (HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.94, P= 0.039; HR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04-0.69, P = 0.014). After PSM, NRLN RT was still associated with improved OS (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.96, P = 0.040). NRLN RT related AEs were 11 cases (32.4%) of acute gastrointestinal AEs, 3 cases (8.8%) of acute skin AEs, 10 cases (29.4%) of acute bone marrow suppression (BMS) and 5 cases (14.7%) of chronic BMS. All were grade 1-2 AEs.
Conclusions
It was beneficial and safe to apply cytoreductive NRLN radiotherapy in addition to PDLT in LMBPC. HSPC at the time of NRLNM and patients with < 5 NRLNM may be the potential beneficiaries. Prospective studies were needed for verification.
Magnetic anchor technique-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer
Authors: Pan Min , Zhang Miaomiao , Lyu Yi , Yan Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer is high. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment are particularly important. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is used to treat early-stage cancer, and the ESD-assisted magnetic anchor technique (MAT) has greatly changed the operating experience of endoscopists. The present study aimed to determine the feasibility of MAT-assisted ESD for the treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer. We designed and manufactured a magnetic anchor device consisting of a target magnet (TM), an anchor magnet (AM), and a soft-tissue clip. The TM was fixed on the diseased mucosa by means of the soft-tissue clip, and the AM was located exterior to the colorectal sample. By changing the position of the AM, the TM was pulled to fully expose the mucosal surface and maintain sufficient tissue tension to assist the ESD. MAT-assisted ESD was successfully completed in all 12 isolated colorectal samples. During the operation, there were no instances of TM detachment or mucosal tears. The interaction between the magnets provided sufficient mucosal tissue tension and a clear mucosal dissection surface, which greatly changed the ESD experience. MAT-assisted ESD is a feasible procedure for the treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer and has great potential for clinical application.
Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy for radically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Chen Shao-bin , Liu Di-tian , Chen Yu-ping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with radically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: Patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy at our hospital from 2010 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Only patients with radically resected ESCC who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy or adjuvant radiotherapy were enrolled in this study. Propensity score matching (1:1) was used to balance the baseline.
Results: A total of 1249patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study, and 263 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. After matching, 260 pairs were analyzed. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 93.4%, 66.1% and 59.6%, respectively, for patients with adjuvant chemotherapy compared with 83.8%, 58.4% and 48.8%, respectively, for patients with surgery alone (P=0.003). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 82.3%, 58.8% and 51.3%, respectively, for patients with adjuvant chemotherapy compared with 68.0%, 48.3% and 40.8%, respectively, for patients with surgery alone (P = 0.002). In multivariateanalyses, adjuvant chemotherapy was found to be an independent prognostic factor. In subgroup analyses, only the patients in certain subgroups were found to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, such as patients who underwent right thoracotomy, pT3 diseases, pN1-pN3 diseases, or pTNM stage III and IVA diseases.
Conclusions: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the OS and DFS of ESCC patients after radical resection but may only work for patients in certain subgroups.
Fabrication, Characterization and Application of The Water Hyacinth Biochar- Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite as an Advantageous Sound Absorber Material
Authors: Wibawa Pratama Jujur , Grafiana Nur Farida , Gunawan Gunawan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The research was aiming to investigate the potency of water hyacinth (WH) biochar as the most advantageous sound absorber composite when it was blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Analysis and characterization of the produced WH biochar were essentially performed using N2 absorption-desorption, FTIR spectrophotometer, and SEM methods. While the capability of the sound absorber material was technically conducted using a polyvinylchloride (PVC) impedance tube of about 95 cm in length with internal and outer diameters of about 9.5 cm and 9.8 cm respectively. The materials that would be tested for their capability of sound absorber were prepared in a disk-like form with about 9.5 cm in diameter and 0.5 cm in thickness. The sound source was continuously turned on for 2 minutes and transmitted wirelessly through the impedance tube, and the decreasing intensity of the sound was recorded every 5 seconds. The results showed that the sound absorption coefficient (SAC) of the WH biochar-PVA composite was about 6.50% (0.0650) up to 21.03% (0.2103), while the SAC of the Styrofoam was just about 4.37% (0.0437). This research concluded that the WH biochar produced by the thermal energy of 500oC indicated it could be the best sound absorber composite when it was blended with PVA, especially for a low frequency of about 440 Hz.
HIF-1α-PPARγ-mTORC1 signalling pathway mediated autophagy induces inflammatory response of pancreatic cells in rats with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis
Authors: Ma Yumei , Li Xiaolin , Ma Yingcai , Liu Zhilan , Xue Xiaohong , Wang Yaping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: The incidence of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP) has been increasing rapidly in recent years in China. Autophagy has been implicated in the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells in HLAP, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
Methods: In this study, the role of the HIF-1α-PPARγ-mTORC1 pathway-mediated autophagy in the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells and the molecular mechanism are investigated in a rat model of HLAP using immunohistochemistry, ELISA, electron microscope and Western blot analysis.
Results: The results reveal that autophagy is significantly increased and pancreatic injury is exacerbated in HLAP rats, and the inflammatory response is further exacerbated by treatment with rapamycin but relieved by treatment with 3-MA. Hyperlipidemia induces up regulation of HIF-1α but down regulation of PPARγ, which in turn leads to an increase in autophagy and consequently exacerbation of inflammatory response of pancreatic cells.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the HIF-1α-PPARγ- mTORC1 pathway-mediated autophagy plays a critical role in the inflammatory response of pancreatic cells in HLAP, and interference with the HIF-1α- PPARγ-mTOR pathway can provide new targets for prevention and treatment of HLAP.
Bounded consensus of discrete stochastic double-integrator multi-agent systems over switching topologies
Authors: Luo Mei , Wang JinRong , Meng Deyuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper considers mean-square bounded consensus(MSBC) problems of double-integrator multi-agent systems(MASs) with both additive system noises and communication noises. It is shown that systems can achieve MSBC when multiple additive noises coexist. Applying algebra, graph theory and random analysis, several necessary and sufficient conditions for MSBC of systems under fixed and switching topologies are respectively established. Additionally, the correctness of the obtained stochastic consensus results is verified by simulations.
An empirical analysis of the impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Joshua Chiadikobi O. , Oladipo Prof Jide , Umozurike Chika 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The principal objective of monetary policy is to ensure the stability of the financial system by determining the exchange rate policy that stabilizes prices and sustains growth in the economy. This research study investigated the impact of exchange rate volatility on economic growth in Nigeria spanning 1981 to 2020. Annual Secondary data used were sourced from the World Bank, Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin of various issues. The study employed the ARCH/GARCH model in measuring volatility and ARDL estimation technique. The findings revealed that in the long run, exchange rate volatility has a negative coefficient while the exchange rate has a positive coefficient but is not statistically coefficient. However, in the short-run, the effect of exchange rate volatility was positive and statistically significant at one percent and the effect of exchange is negative and statistically significant at one percent. The study recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria should sustain the current fluctuation of the exchange rate in Nigeria for the sustenance of the positive short-run effect on Nigerian real GDP per capita growth and continue with the managed float exchange rate system which is already in place. Policies that will improve production and discourage importation should be encouraged to move the economy from consumption to production economy.