bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Risk Factors for Readmission After Pancreatectomy for Cancer
Authors: Marchese Ugo , Desbiens Jean-François , Lenne Xavier , Naveendran Gaanan , Tzedakis Stylianos , Gaillard Martin , Bruandet Amelie , Theis Didier , Boyer Laurent , Truant Stephanie , Fuks David , El Amrani Mehdi 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
To identify the factors associated with readmission after pancreatectomy for cancer and to assess their impact on the 1-year mortality in a French multicentric population.

Summary Background Data:
Pancreatectomy is a complex procedure with high morbidity that increases the length of hospital stay and jeopardizes survival. Hospital readmissions lead to increased health system costs, making this a topic of great interest.

Methods:
Data collected from patients who underwent pancreatectomy for cancer between 2011 and 2019 were extracted from a French national medico-administrative database. A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the association of baseline variables, including age, sex, liver-related comorbidities, Charlson Comorbidity Index, tumor localization, and use of neoadjuvant therapy, along with hospital type and volume, with readmission status. Centers were divided into low and high volume according to the cut-off of 26 cases/year. Logistic regression models were developed to determine whether the identified bivariate associations persisted after adjusting for the patient characteristics. The mortality rates during readmission and at 1 year postoperatively were also determined.

Results:
Of 22,935 patients who underwent pancreatectomy, 9,129 (39.3%) were readmitted within 6 months. Readmission rates by year did not vary over the study period, and mean readmissions occurred within 20 days after discharge. Multivariate analysis showed that male sex (odds ratio [OR]=1.12), age >70 years (OR=1.16), comorbidities (OR=1.21), distal pancreatectomy (OR=1.11), and major postoperative complications (OR=1.37) were predictors of readmission. Interestingly, readmission and surgery in low volume centers increased the risk of death at 1 year by a factor of 2.15 ([2.01-2.31], P<0.001) and 1.31 ([1.17-1.47], P<0.001), respectively.

Conclusions:
Readmission after pancreatectomy for cancer is high with an increased rate of 1-year mortality.
The Effects of Maternal Obesity on Some Obstetric Features: A Comparative and Descriptive Study
Authors: Ekiz Merve , Durmaz Aysegul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe worldwide increase in obesity triggers the increase in the incidence of obesity during pregnancy. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of maternal obesity on some obstetric features.MethodsThis study was conducted in a tertiary hospital with a comparative group, crosssectional and descriptive design. The data of the study were collected with a Data Collection Form created by the researchers. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-squared test, independentsamples t-test, and multinomial regression analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsIn this study, women were divided into two groups, namely the obese group (BMI>29.9 kg/m2) and the normal weight group (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of their height, education level, employment status, income level, and place of residence (p>0.05). It was determined that the obese group had higher rates of multiparity, postmature deliveries, and fetal distress developing in their babies on labor (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of their modes of delivery, onset of labor, and the requirement of interventions during the second stage of the labor (p>0.05). In the logistic regression analysis, maternal obesity was found to increase the rates of multiparity by 1.758 times (1.038-2.978 CI, p=0.036), post-maturity by 5.902 times (1.283-27.164 CI, p=0.023), and moderate postpartum hemorrhage by 2.286 times (1.433-3.646 CI, p=0.001).ConclusionIt is important that women who have obesity problems in the preconception period are counseled to help them reach a normal BMI. Health care professionals should advise women on healthy nutrition and weight control during both the pregnancy and postpartum periods.
The Neural Correlates of Autonomic Interoception in a Clinical Sample: Implications for Anxiety
Authors: Grimes Poppy Z , Kampoureli Christina N , Rae Charlotte L , Harrison Neil A , Garfinkel Sarah N , Critchley Hugo D , Eccles Jessica A 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInteroceptive mismatch is a perceptual discrepancy between ascending bodily signals and higher-order representation of anticipated physiological state. Inspired by predictive coding models, we presentautonomic perceptual mismatchas a measure of this discrepancy for clinical application to brain-body interactions. Joint hypermobility is disproportionately found in individuals with anxiety disorders. Previous work has shown atypical autonomic reactivity represents a likely mediating mechanism consequent of altered connective tissue in the vasculature and nervous system.This fMRI study investigates the neural substrates of autonomic perceptual mismatch on affective processing in the hypermobility-anxiety interaction. We compared regional brain activity during emotional face processing in participants with and without hypermobility and generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis, then tested association with perceptual mismatch.In the brain, autonomic perceptual mismatch correlated with enhanced activation in emotion processing and autonomic control regions, notably anterior cingulate cortex. Anxious individuals exhibited increased mid-insula cortex activity in relation to perceptual mismatch. Activity was decreased within the inferior frontal gyrus, a region implicated in cognitive control. Dysautonomia mediated the link between hypermobility and anxiety.Together, these findings support a neural basis of an autonomic perceptual mismatch model in a clinical sample. This is supported by the engagement of neural systems for emotion-cognition and interoception. This work highlights convergent aspects of neurodiversity, mental health, connective tissue disorders and brain-body interactions relevant to precision healthcare.
Understanding quantity and intensity of hospital rehabilitation using electronic health record data
Authors: Georgiev Konstantin , Doudesis Dimitrios , McPeake Joanne , Mills Nicholas L , Fleuriot Jacques , Shenkin Susan D , Anand Atul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany hospitalised patients require rehabilitation during recovery from acute illness. We use routine data from electronic health records (EHR) to report the quantity and intensity of rehabilitation and compared this in patients with and without COVID-19.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive adults in whom COVID-19 testing was undertaken between March 2020 and August 2021 across three acute hospitals in Scotland. We defined rehabilitation contacts (physiotherapy, occupational therapy, dietetics and speech and language therapy) from timestamped EHR data and determined contact time from a linked workforce planning dataset. We included survivors to hospital discharge who received at least two rehabilitation contacts. The primary outcome was total rehabilitation time. Secondary outcomes included the number of contacts, time to first contact, and rehabilitation minutes per day. A multivariate regression analysis for predictors of rehabilitation time included age, sex, comorbidities, and socioeconomic status.FindingsWe included 11,591 consecutive unique patient admissions (76 [63,85] years, 56% female), of which 651 (6%) were with COVID-19, and 10,940 (94%) were admissions with negative testing. There were 128,646 rehabilitation contacts. Patients with COVID-19 received more than double the rehabilitation time compared to those without (365 [165,772]vs170 [95,350] mins, p<0.001), and this was delivered over more specialist contacts (12 [6,25]vs6 [3,11], p<0.001). Time to first rehabilitation contact was later in patients with COVID-19 (3 [1,5]vs2 [1,4] days from admission). Overall, patients with COVID-19 received fewer minutes of rehabilitation per day of admission (14.1 [9.8,18.7]vs15.6 [10.6,21.3], p<0.001). In our regression analyses, older age and COVID-19 were the most important predictors of increased rehabilitation time.InterpretationPatients with COVID received more rehabilitation contact time than those without COVID, but this was delivered less intensively. Rehabilitation data derived from the EHR represents a novel measure of delivered hospital care.
Carriage of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales among pregnant women and newborns in Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Amsalu Getnet , Wen Christine Tedijanto , Perovic Olga , Gebru Addisalem , Hunegnaw Bezawit M. , Tadesse Fisseha , Smith Marshagne , Fikre Addisalem , Bekele Delayehu , Taddesse Lisanu , Chan Grace 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfections are one of the most common causes of neonatal mortality, and maternal colonization has been associated with neonatal infection. Data on carriage of bacterial pathogens and mother-child transmission patterns in low- and middle-income countries is sparse.MethodsWe sought to quantify carriage prevalence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) - producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) among pregnant women and their neonates and to characterize risk factors for carriage in a rural area of Amhara, Ethiopia. We sampled 211 pregnant women in their third trimester and/or labor/delivery and 159 of their neonates in the first week of life.ResultsWe found that carriage of ESBL-producing organisms was fairly common (women: 22.3%, 95% CI: 16.8-28.5; neonates: 24.5%, 95% CI: 18.1-32.0), while carriage of CRE (women: 0.9%, 95% CI: 0.1-3.4; neonates: 2.5%, 95% CI: 0.7-6.3) was rare. Neonates whose mothers tested positive for ESBL-producing organisms were nearly twice as likely to also test positive for ESBL-producing organisms (38.7% vs. 21.1%, p-value: 0.06). Carriage of ESBL-producing organisms was also associated with woreda (district) of sample collection (Fisher exact test maternal p-value: <0.01; neonatal p-value: <0.01) and recent antibiotic use (maternal p-value: 0.55; neonatal p-value: 0.011).ConclusionsUnderstanding carriage patterns of potential pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility among pregnant women and newborns in this region will help to inform local, data-driven recommendations to prevent and treat neonatal infections.Main pointCarriage prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales was high among pregnant women and neonates in a rural area of Ethiopia, and neonates were more likely to test positive if their mother tested positive. This work informs prevention and treatment of neonatal infections.
Deciphering deep-sea chemosynthetic symbiosis by single-nucleus RNA-sequencing
Authors: Wang Hao , He Kai , Zhang Huan , Zhang Quanyong , Cao Lei , Li Jing , Zhong Zhaoshan , Chen Hao , Zhou Li , Lian Chao , Wang Minxiao , Chen Kai , Qian Pei-Yuan , Li Chaolun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBathymodioline mussels dominate deep-sea methane seep and hydrothermal vent habitats and obtain nutrients and energy primarily through chemosynthetic endosymbiotic bacteria in the bacteriocytes of their gill. However, the molecular mechanisms that orchestrate mussel host-symbiont interactions remain unclear. Here, we constructed a comprehensive cell atlas of the gill in the musselGigantidas platifronsfrom the South China Sea methane seeps (1100m depth) using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and whole-mountin situhybridisation. We identified 13 types of cells, including three previously unknown ones, and uncovered unknown tissue heterogeneity. Every cell type has a designated function in supporting the gill’s structure and function, creating an optimal environment for chemosynthesis, and effectively acquiring nutrients from the endosymbiotic bacteria. Analysis of snRNA-seq ofin situtransplanted mussels clearly showed the shifts in cell state in response to environmental oscillations. Our findings provide insight into principles of host-symbiont interaction and the bivalves’ environmental adaption mechanisms.
Unique interactions and functions of the mitochondrial small Tims inTrypanosoma brucei
Authors: Quiñones Guillén Linda S. , Gonzalez Fidel Soto , Darden Chauncey , Khan Muhammad , Tripathi Anuj , Smith Joseph T. , Cooley Ayorinde , Paromov Victor , Davis Jamaine , Misra Smita , Chaudhuri Minu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTrypanosoma bruceiis an early divergent parasitic protozoan that causes a fatal disease, African trypanosomiasis.T. bruceipossesses a unique and essential translocase of the mitochondrial inner membrane, the TbTIM17 complex. TbTim17 associates with 6 small TbTims, (TbTim9, TbTim10, TbTim11, TbTim12, TbTim13, and TbTim8/13). However, the interaction pattern of the small TbTims with each other and TbTim17 are not clear. Here, we demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis that all six small TbTims interact with each other, but stronger interactions were found among TbTim8/13, TbTim9, and TbTim10. Each of the small TbTims also interact directly with the C-terminal region of TbTim17. RNAi studies indicated that among all small TbTims, TbTim13 is most crucial to maintain the steady-state levels of the TbTIM17 complex. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses fromT. bruceimitochondrial extracts also showed that TbTim10 has a stronger association with TbTim9 and TbTim8/13, but a weaker association with TbTim13, whereas TbTim13 has a stronger connection with TbTim17. Analysis of the small TbTim complexes by size exclusion chromatography revealed that each small TbTim, except TbTim13, is present in ∼70 kDa complexes, which could be heterohexameric forms of the small TbTims. However, TbTim13 is primarily present in the larger complex (>800 kDa) and co-fractionated with TbTim17. Altogether, our results demonstrated that TbTim13 is a part of the TbTIM complex and the smaller complexes of the small TbTims likely interact with the larger complex dynamically. Therefore, relative to other eukaryotes, the architecture and function of the small TbTim complexes are specific inT. brucei.
Restored somatosensation in individuals with lower limb loss improves gait, speed perception, and motor adaptation
Authors: Kim Daekyoo , Triolo Ronald , Charkhkar Hamid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLower limb loss is a significant insult to the body’s nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Despite technological advances in prosthesis design, artificial limbs are not yet integrated into the body’s physiological systems. Therefore, lower limb amputees (LLAs) experience lower balance confidence, higher fear of falls, and impaired gait mechanics compared to their able-bodied peers (ABs). Restoring sensations perceived as originating directly from the missing limb via implanted neural interfaces were shown to improve balance and performance in certain ambulatory tasks; however, the effects of such evoked sensations on neural circuitries involved in the locomotor activity are not well understood. In this work, we investigated the effects of plantar sensation elicited by peripheral nerve stimulation delivered by multi-contact nerve cuff electrodes on gait symmetry and stability, speed perception, and motor adaptation during walking. We found that restored plantar sensation increased stance time and propulsive force on the prosthetic side, improved gait symmetry, and yielded an enhanced perception of prosthetic limb movement. Most importantly, our results show the locomotor adaptation among LLAs with plantar sensation became similar to ABs. These findings suggest that our peripheral nerve-based approach to elicit plantar sensation directly affects central nervous pathways involved in locomotion and motor adaptation during walking. Our neuroprosthesis provided a unique model to investigate the role of somatosensation in the lower limb during walking and its effects on perceptual recalibration following a locomotor adaptation task. Furthermore, we demonstrated how plantar sensation in LLAs could effectively increase mobility, improve walking dynamics, and possibly reduce fall risks.One-Sentence SummaryNeuroprosthesis stabilizes gait and improves speed perception and locomotor adaptation in individuals with lower limb loss.
A wearable EEG device: LANMAO Sleep Recorder compared to polysomnography in terms of EEG recording and sleep analysis
Authors: Zheng Xin , Xi Guannan , Lei Huijie , Lyu Dongbin , Zhang Yu , Yuan Chengmei , Gao Anchen , Huang Siyang , Jiang Jian 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundPolysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for sleep monitoring and diagnosis, yet it is difficult to use in home environments. This study evaluated the performance of a wearable electroencephalographic (EEG) device, LANMAO Sleep Recorder in EEG recording and sleep staging algorithm by comparing with PSG.MethodSleep of 7 Chinese adults were recorded concurrently with PSG and LANMAO devices. First, we validated the consistency of the raw signals with relative spectral power and Pearson correlation coefficient. Second, we evaluated the performance of the automated sleep staging algorithm integrated in the LANMAO device by comparing with the staging by experts.ResultsThe Pearson correlation coefficient between the relative spectral power of multiple frequency bands during the sleep stages ranged from 0.7613 to 0.8816, with the strongest correlation observed for delta waves (r=0.8816). The overall F1-Score of the automated sleep staging algorithm was 84.03%, with individual F1-Scores for each class as follows: Wake: 93.67%, REM: 87.23%, Light Sleep: 72.10%, and Deep Sleep: 82.82%.ConclusionThe results suggest that the EEG recorded by the LANMAO Sleep Recorder is precise and valid, and its automated sleep staging algorithm can accurately perform sleep staging with high accuracy. Therefore, in specific scenarios such as the home environment, LANMAO devices can work as a promising PSG alternative for sleep monitoring.
Staphylococcus aureusplanktonic but not biofilm environment induces an IFN-β macrophage immune response via the STING/IRF3 pathway
Authors: Seebach Elisabeth , Sonnenmoser Gabriele , Kubatzky Katharina F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChronic implant-related bone infections are a severe complication in orthopedic surgery. Biofilm formation on the implant surface impairs an effective immune response leading to bacterial persistence. In a previous study, we found thatStaphylococcus aureus(SA) induced IRF3 activation andIfnbgene expression only in its planktonic form but not in the biofilm. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in this process.We treated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages with conditioned media (CM) generated from planktonic or biofilm cultured SA in combination with agonists or inhibitors of the cGAS/STING pathway. We further evaluated bacterial gene expression of planktonic and biofilm SA to find potential mediators. STING inhibition resulted in a loss of IRF3 activation andIfnbinduction in SA planktonic CM, whereas STING activation induced an IRF3 dependent IFN-β response in SA biofilm CM. Expression levels of genes associated with virulence decreased with biofilm formation while those associated with cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) synthesis did not correlate withIfnbinduction. We further observed that cGAS contributed to theIfnbinduction by SA planktonic CM although cGAS activation was not sufficient to induceIfnbgene expression in SA biofilm CM.Our data indicate that the different degrees of virulence associated with planktonic and biofilm SA environments result in an altered induction of an IRF3 mediated IFN-β response via the STING pathway. This finding suggests that the STING/IRF3/IFN-β axis is a potential candidate for further investigation as immunotherapeutic target in implant-related bone infections.
HUWE1 Amplifies Ubiquitin Modifications to Broadly Stimulate Clearance of Proteins and Aggregates
Authors: Zhou Mengying , Fang Rui , Colson Louis , Donovan Katherine A. , Hunkeler Moritz , Song Yuyu , Zhang Can , Chen Siyi , Lee Dong-hoon , Bradshaw Gary A. , Eisert Robyn , Ye Yihong , Kalocsay Marian , Goldberg Alfred , Fischer Eric S. , Lu Ying 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTSelective breakdown of proteins and aggregates is crucial for maintaining normal cellular activities and is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. How the cell recognizes and tags these targets in different structural states for degradation by the proteasome and autophagy pathways has not been well understood. Here, we discovered that a HECT-family ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 is broadly required for the efficient degradation of soluble factors and for the clearance of protein aggregates/condensates. Underlying this capacity of HUWE1 is a novel Ubiquitin-Directed ubiquitin Ligase (UDL) activity which recognizes both soluble substrates and aggregates that carry a high density of ubiquitin chains and rapidly expand the ubiquitin modifications on these targets. Ubiquitin signal amplification by HUWE1 recruits the ubiquitin-dependent segregase p97/VCP to process these targets for subsequent degradation or clearance. HUWE1 controls the cytotoxicity of protein aggregates, mediates Targeted Protein Degradation and regulates cell-cycle transitions with its UDL activity.
Poly(ADP-ribose) mediates bioenergetic defects and redox imbalance in neurons following oxygen and glucose deprivation
Authors: Hossain M Iqbal , Lee Jun Hee , Gagné Jean-Philippe , Khan Junaid , Poirier Guy G , King Peter H , Dawson Valina L , Dawson Ted M , Andrabi Shaida A 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPARP-1 over-activation results in cell death via excessive PAR generation in different cell types, including neurons following brain ischemia. Glycolysis, mitochondrial function, and redox balance are key cellular processes altered in brain ischemia. Studies show that PAR generated after PARP-1 over-activation can bind hexokinase-1 (HK-1) and result in glycolytic defects and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction. HK-1 is the neuronal hexokinase and catalyzes the first reaction of glycolysis, converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a common substrate for glycolysis, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). PPP is critical in maintaining NADPH and GSH levels via G6P dehydrogenase activity. Therefore, defects in HK-1 will not only decrease cellular bioenergetics but will also cause redox imbalance due to the depletion of GSH. In brain ischemia, whether PAR-mediated inhibition of HK-1 results in bioenergetics defects and redox imbalance is not known. We used oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in mouse cortical neurons to mimic brain ischemia in neuronal cultures and observed that PARP-1 activation via PAR formation alters glycolysis, mitochondrial function, and redox homeostasis in neurons. We used pharmacological inhibition of PARP and adenoviral-mediated overexpression of wild-type HK-1 (wtHK-1) and PAR-binding mutant HK-1 (pbmHK-1). Our data show that PAR inhibition or overexpression of HK-1 significantly improves glycolysis, mitochondrial function, redox homeostasis, and cell survival in mouse cortical neurons exposed to OGD. These results suggest that PAR binding and inhibition of HK-1 during OGD drives bioenergetic defects in neurons due to inhibition of glycolysis and impairment of mitochondrial function.