bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospinning Fibers Modified with Near Infrared Light‐Excited Copper Nanoparticles for Antibacterial and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Amantay Marziya , Ma Yingao , Chen Liang , osman Henigul , Mengping Liu , Jiang Tao , Zhou Tianyou , Ye Tingjun , Wang Yingbo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBone infection is an inflammatory bone disease caused by infectious microorganisms, which can lead to progressive bone destruction and loss. It is still an urgent and unmet clinical need to develop a rapid and effective sterilized method to reduce bone infection. In this study, near‐infrared (NIR) light‐responsive polydopamine (PDA) adherent Copper nanoparticles (Cu‐NPs) are constructed using electrospun poly lactic acid (PLLA) fibers as a substrate (PLLA@PDA/Cu). Dopamine (DA) is self‐polymerized to synthesize the PDA on the fiber surface, which can reduce Cu2+ to form Cu‐NPs. Results show that the addition of PDA and Cu2+ significantly improves the hydrophilicity and bioactivity of the prepared PLLA@PDA/Cu composite fibers, demonstrating superior physiological stability. Due to the unique photothermal properties of Cu‐NPs, PLLA@PDA/Cu is able to generate a large amount of reactive oxygen species under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 23.7%. The antimicrobial effect of Cu‐NPs is synergistic with their photothermal effect, which potentiated the antibacterial rate of composite fibers . The results of cell experiments show that this composite fiber demonstrates satisfactory osteogenic and angiogenic properties. In conclusion, a photothermal antibacterial PLLA@PDA/Cu composite fiber with great potential in healing infectious bone defects is successfully engineered.
Advances in Nanoclay‐Based Form Stable Phase Change Materials: A Review
Authors: Zhao Xiaoguang , Zuo Xiaochao , Yang Huaming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs the core material of thermal energy storage technology, phase change materials (PCM) suffer serious leakage problems and slow thermal conductivity in applications. Nanoclay with relatively high specific surface area, high thermal conductivity, and abundant pore structure can successfully compensate for the defects in PCM. However, the ability of nanoclay without further modification to encapsulate the PCM for the preparation of form stable phase change materials (FSPCM) and accelerate their heat transfer is limited. Nanoclay is classified into 1D, 2D, and 3D minerals based on their microscopic morphology. In this review, the specific surface and pore structure of three types of nanoclay and their thermal performance after loading with PCM are summarized and compared. Then, different mineral modification treatments, such as pretreatment, surface modification, structural modulation, and functional assembly, are summarized to investigate the enhancement of thermal performance in nanoclay‐based FSPCM. This review also summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art research progress of emerging nanoclay material‐based FSPCM. Finally, a summary of the traditional applications of mineral‐based FSPCM and an outlook on new applications are presented. This paper will help researchers to better understand the recent developments, performance enhancement strategies of nanoclay‐based FSPCM and to identify potential future research efforts.
Novel Spiro Core‐Based Hole Transport Materials for Stable Deep‐Blue OLEDs with LT95 Over 420 h
Authors: Jiang Zhuonan , Yan Hao , Zhang Xiaopeng , Meng Zhiming , Kuang Changchun , Zhang Xinkang , He Yaowu , Zhu Yanan , Meng Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlexible, lightweight, and cost‐effective organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) show great promise for use in displays and lighting applications. However, creating highly efficient and stable deep‐blue OLEDs remains a challenge due to a lack of efficient functional materials, specifically hole transport materials (HTM). In this report, two new spiro‐HTMs are introduced with fluorene (FBP‐SFX) or dibenzofuran (DBF‐SFX) peripheral substituents. This study finds that the DBF‐SFX variant produces highly efficient deep‐blue OLEDs with a narrow emission (full‐width at half‐maximum FWHM of 25 nm) and the highest external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 33.2% among the FBP‐SFX (12.2%) and NPB (11.9%) variants. The superior performance of DBF‐SFX is attributed to its deeper highest occupied molecular orbital level (HOMO) and small trap density, which results in reduced band‐edge offset, lower turn‐on voltages, and balanced charge carrier densities. Importantly, the blue fluorescence OLED with DBF‐SFX displays exceptional device stability with LT95 over 420 h with an initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2. This is due to the stronger bond dissociation energy (BDE) and suppressed Exciton–Polaron Annihilation (EPA) using the dibenzofuran substituent. This work demonstrates a new HTM design approach using a spiro‐core architecture and dibenzofuran substituents to create efficient and long‐lasting deep‐blue OLEDs.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Ru/RuSe2 Catalyst for Electrolytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Megersa Daba Deme , Gudena Gutema Teshome , Kim Youngho , Yu Hak Ki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA one‐step synthesis of highly stable Ru/RuSe2 nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon paper is achieved using low temperature and pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD), resulting in a heterointerface with multiple active sites for catalysis. The catalyst exhibits outstanding performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an alkaline solution, with low overpotentials and fast hydrogen adsorption and desorption kinetics. The Ru/RuSe2/C nanoparticle structure has the potential for large‐scale production and can be used as an efficient catalyst for HER.
Application of Perovskite as Solution‐Processed Solid Electrolyte in Polymer Electrochemical Transistor
Authors: Teng Xinlu , Lin Lin , Sun Jun , Tian Haoxin , Li Jia , Ke Shichuan , Lou Zhidong , Hou Yanbing , Hu Yufeng , Teng Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe electrolyte serves as a key component in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) and allows for the modulation of the conductivity of the polymer channel by applying a voltage to the gate electrode. Different from liquid electrolytes in OECTs, the solid electrolyte is beneficial for the integration in the circuit and shows great stability. And considering the fabrication of the device, developing a new solution‐processed solid electrolyte for OECTs is a critical area of research. In this work, the organic–inorganic perovskite is used as the electrolyte to fabricate polymer electrochemical transistors due to its solid‐phase ion migration kinetics. To realize this goal, a separate polyethylene oxide (PEO) layer on top of the poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (MEH‐PPV) layer plays a crucial role since it can affect the electric field and the ion motion. More importantly, based on this device structure, both a polymer light‐emitting electrochemical transistor and the polymer electrochemical phototransistor are realized. The solution‐processed solid organic–inorganic perovskite electrolytes can enable the development of integration in OECTs, which have significant potential for multifunctional applications.
Investigating mobility and pastoralism in Kerma‐period communities upstream of the fourth cataract, Sudan
Authors: Gregoricka Lesley A. , Baker Brenda J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe Kingdom of Kush in today's northern Sudan and southern Egypt (ancient Nubia) is often depicted as a secondary state relative to ancient Egypt. More recent investigations have set aside Egyptocentric and western, colonialist perspectives of state development focused on control of land and agricultural surplus, examining Kushites through the lens of African‐based models of mobile pastoralism in which power and authority were achieved through control of herds and alliance‐building. Here, analyses of radiogenic strontium isotopes in human dental enamel are used to investigate diachronic shifts in mobility patterns linked to pastoralism and state development during the Kerma period (ca. 2500–1100 BCE).Materials and MethodsFrom five cemetery sites around al Qinifab, Sudan, upstream of the capital at Kerma, we analyzed the strontium isotope ratios of 50 teeth from 27 individuals dating from the Early through Late Kerma phases.ResultsIndividuals from the Early and Middle Kerma phases demonstrated considerable 87Sr/86Sr ratio variability (mean = 0.70835 ± 0.00109), with 50% falling outside the locally bioavailable strontium range. Conversely, most Classic (0.70756 ± 0.00043) and Late Kerma (0.70755 ± 0.00036) individuals exhibited ratios consistent with the local region.DiscussionThese changes indicate a potential transformation in subsistence strategies and social organization as early communities engaged in a more mobile lifestyle than later groups, suggesting a greater degree of pastoralism followed by declining mobility with Kushite state coalescence and a shift to agropastoralism. Because 87Sr/86Sr ratios from enamel reflect childhood geographic residence, these findings indicate that mobility likely involved extended family groups, and not just transhumant adults.
Preparation of multifunctional Ag@PAN/PBA nanofibrous aerogel membranes for efficient PM 0.3 capture and effective antibacterial activity
Authors: Jiang Guojun , Wang Xiaohong , Liao Yuwei , He Jia , Zhu Haoping , Ma Hongwei , Lou Shijie , Xu Zhanghao , Zhou Jie , Xie Sheng , Ye Xiangyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanofibrous aerogels (NFAs) have great application potential in air filtration due to their unique hierarchical porous structure and high porosity. However, the development of air filter with high air filtration efficiency, as well as good antibacterial activity, remains a major challenge. In an effort to overcome this challenge, here we report a facile methodology for the fabrication of robust and flexible nanofibrous aerogel membranes (NFAMs) with a three‐dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous structure. Moreover, the microstructures and filtration performance of the obtained NFAMs could be easily tuned by adjusting the nanofiber concentration in the aerogel. The resultant Ag@PAN/PBA NFAMs had high filtration efficiency (99.82%) towards PM0.3, low pressure drop (134 Pa) and desirable quality factor (0.0472 Pa−1) under an airflow velocity of 32 L/min. Furthermore, the NFAMs also exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (99.46%) and Staphylococcus aureus (99.72%). Together, the results presented here suggest that Ag@PAN/PBA NFAMs have great potential in public health protection applications.
Solvent‐free Ternary Polymer Electrolytes with High Ionic Conductivity for Stable Sodium‐based Batteries at Room Temperature
Authors: Roscher Daniel , Kim Yongil , Stepien Dominik , Zarrabeitia Maider , Passerini Stefano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the Electrochemistry for Batteries and Beyond Li: materials & interphases groups led by Prof. Stefano Passerini and Dr. Maider Zarrabeitia, respectively, at Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU). The cover picture shows a solvent‐free polymer electrolyte‐based sodium‐metal battery operating at room temperature for stationary applications. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202300092.
Disparities in time to prostate cancer treatment initiation before and after the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Janopaul‐Naylor James R. , Corriher Taylor J. , Switchenko Jeffrey , Hanasoge Sheela , Esdaille Ashanda , Mahal Brandon A. , Filson Christopher P. , Patel Sagar A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDelayed access to care may contribute to disparities in prostate cancer (PCa). The Affordable Care Act (ACA) aimed at increasing access and reducing healthcare disparities, but its impact on timely treatment initiation for PCa men is unknown.MethodsMen with intermediate‐ and high‐risk PCa diagnosed 2010–2016 and treated with curative surgery or radiotherapy were identified in the National Cancer Database. Multivariable logistic regression modeled the effect of race and insurance type on treatment delay >180 days after diagnosis. Cochran–Armitage test measured annual trends in delays, and joinpoint regression assessed if 2014, the year the ACA became fully operationalized, was significant for inflection in crude rates of major delays.ResultsOf 422,506 eligible men, 18,720 (4.4%) experienced >180‐day delay in treatment initiation. Compared to White patients, Black (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.72–1.87, p < 0.001) and Hispanic (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.28–1.48, p < 0.001) patients had higher odds of delay. Compared to uninsured, those with Medicaid had no difference in odds of delay (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.84–1.06, p = 0.31), while those with private insurance (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.52–0.63, p < 0.001) or Medicare (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.58–0.70, p < 0.001) had lower odds of delay. Mean time to treatment significantly increased from 2010 to 2016 across all racial/ethnic groups (trend p < 0.001); 2014 was associated with a significant inflection for increase in rates of major delays.ConclusionsNon‐White and Medicaid‐insured men with localized PCa are at risk of treatment delays in the United States. Treatment delays have been consistently rising, particularly after implementation of the ACA.
IMMUNOREACT 0: Biopsy‐based immune biomarkers as predictors of response to neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stepanyan Astghik , Fassan Matteo , Spolverato Gaya , Castagliuolo Ignazio , Scarpa Melania , Scarpa Marco ,   the IMMUNOREACT Study Group
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe main therapy for rectal cancer patients is neoadjuvant therapy (NT) followed by surgery. Immune biomarkers are emerging as potential predictors of the response to NT. We performed a meta‐analysis to estimate their predictive significance.MethodsA systematic literature search of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed to identify eligible studies. Studies on patients with rectal cancer undergoing NT in which the predictive significance of at least one of the immunological markers of interest was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in pretreatment biopsies were included.ResultsSeventeen studies reporting sufficient data met the inclusion criteria for meta‐analysis. High levels of total CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), as well as stromal and intraepithelial CD8+ compartments, significantly predicted good pathological response to NT. Moreover, high levels of total (tumoral and immune cell expression) PD‐L1 resulted associated to a good pathological response. On the contrary, high levels of intraepithelial CD4+ TILs were correlated with poor pathological response. FoxP3+ TILs, tumoral PD‐L1 and CTLA‐4 were not correlated to the treatment response.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicated that high‐density TILs might be predictive biomarkers of pathological response in patients that underwent NT for rectal cancer.
Al‐Ce Intermetallic Phase for Ambient High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia
Authors: Ge Junyan , Wei Tianran , Ding Junyang , Wang Zhifeng , Liu Qian , Qi Gaocan , Hu Guangzhi , Luo Jun , Liu Xijun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe conversion of NO3−‐to‐NH3 by electrolysis is an appealing approach for wastewater treatment; however, such a process is hindered by the lack of efficient catalysts. Herein, taking the nanoporous Al11Ce3 intermetallic phase as an example, its electrocatalytic NO3− reduction reaction capability is first demonstrated. Benefiting from the unique structural feature, optimized intermediates adsorption and formation behavior, and restrained hydrogen evolution, the catalyst shows a remarkable electrochemical performance with a peak faradaic efficiency of 91 % and yield rate of 4.35 mg h−1 mgcat−1, along with robust activity over 30 h. Further, a Zn−NO3− battery by using Al11Ce3 as the cathode was designed, which gives a maximal power density of 8.5 mW cm−2 and a corresponding NH3 yield rate of 1.97 mg h−1 mgcat−1.
Prediction of the biomechanical behaviour of the lumbar spine under multi‐axis whole‐body vibration using a whole‐body finite element model
Authors: Zhang Chi , Guo Li‐Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLow back pain has been reported to have a high prevalence among occupational drivers. Whole‐body vibration during the driving environment has been found to be a possible factor leading to low back pain. Vibration loads might lead to degeneration and herniation of the intervertebral disc, which would increase incidence of low back problems among drivers. Some previous studies have reported the effects of whole‐body vibration on the human body, but studies on the internal dynamic responses of the lumbar spine under multi‐axis vibration are limited. In this study, the internal biomechanical response of the intervertebral disc was extracted to investigate the biomechanical behaviour of the lumbar spine under a multi‐axial vibration in a whole‐body environment. A whole‐body finite element model, including skin, soft tissues, the bone skeleton, internal organs and a detailed ligamentous lumbar spine, was used to provide a whole‐body condition for analyses. The results showed that both vibrations close to vertical and fore‐and‐aft resonance frequencies would increase the transmission of vibrations in the intervertebral disc, and vertical vibration might have a greater effect on the lumbar spine than fore‐and‐aft vibration. The larger deformation of the posterior region of the intervertebral disc in a multi‐axis vibration environment might contribute to the higher susceptibility of the posterior region of the intervertebral disc to injury. The findings of this study revealed the dynamic behaviours of the lumbar spine in multi‐axis vehicle vibration conditions, and suggested that both vertical and fore‐and‐aft vibration should be considered for protecting the lumbar health of occupational drivers.
Detection, Purification, Characterization, and Manipulation of Migrasomes
Authors: Jiang Dong , Li Ying , Yu Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMigrasomes are newly discovered cellular organelles, first described in 2015, that are formed by migrating cells. During migration, cells leave behind long membrane tethers called retraction fibers. Numerous micrometer‐scale vesicles grow from the tips or junctions of these fibers, which we have named migrasomes. Migrasomes play important roles in various physiological processes, including releasing signaling factors to ensure organ morphogenesis during zebrafish embryo development, transferring mRNAs among cells, disposing of damaged mitochondria from the cell to maintain cell homeostasis, and secreting pro‐angiogenic molecules to promote angiogenesis during chicken embryo development. Migrasomes are beginning to attract the attention of researchers in multiple fields. Here, we summarize the most commonly used protocols for migrasome detection using fluorescence microscopy imaging, purification through density‐gradient centrifugation, characterization using electron microscopy (EM) imaging and biochemical analysis, and manipulation of migrasomes by targeting integrins and tetraspanins. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Detection and observation of migrasomes by fluorescence microscopy imagingBasic Protocol 2: Purification of migrasomes from cultured cell lines and embryos by density‐gradient centrifugationBasic Protocol 3: Characterization of migrasomes by electron microscopy imaging and biochemical analysis
Combination of the triglyceride‐glucose index and EuroSCORE II improves the prediction of long‐term adverse outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Wu Zhenguo , Guo Dachuan , Chen Sha , Sun Xiangfei , Zhang Yerui , Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Li , Lin Zongwei , Yang Jianmin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsWe aimed to investigate the independent and combined association of the triglyceride‐glucose (TyG) index and EuroSCORE II with major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and examine whether the addition of the TyG index improves the predictive performance of the EuroSCORE II.Materials and MethodsThis study included 1013 patients who underwent CABG. The primary endpoint was MACE, which was defined as the composite of all‐cause death, repeat coronary artery revascularisation, non‐fatal myocardial infarction and non‐fatal stroke. The patients were grouped by the TyG index and EuroSCORE II tertiles and the combination of these risk indicators.ResultsDuring the follow‐up, 211 individuals developed MACE. Elevated levels of the TyG index and EuroSCORE II were associated with an increased risk of MACE. The hazard ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] was 3.66 (2.34–5.73) in patients with the highest tertile of the TyG index and EuroSCORE II. Compared with the EuroSCORE II alone, combining the TyG index with EuroSCORE II achieved a better predictive performance [C‐statistic increased 0.032, p < 0.001; continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) (95% CI): 0.364 (0.215–0.514), p < 0.001; integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) (95% CI): 0.015 (0.007–0.023), p < 0.001, Akaike's information criteria (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) decreased, and the likelihood ratio test, p < 0.001].ConclusionsThe TyG index and EuroSCORE II are independently associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, the TyG index is an important adjunct to the EuroSCORE II for improving risk stratification and guiding early intervention among post‐CABG patients.
Negative effects of phosphorus addition outweigh effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen addition on grassland temporal stability in the eastern Eurasian desert steppe
Authors: Yang Xin , Li Yuyue , Liang Ruize , Ji Bo , Wang Zhanjun , Wang Hongmei , Shen Yue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe temporal stability of grassland plant communities is substantially affected by soil nutrient enrichment. However, the potential main and interactive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment on the stability of plant productivity have not yet been clarified. We combined a three‐year in situ field experiment to assess the impacts of soil fertilization and AMF on the stability of plant productivity. P addition decreased the stability of plant productivity by increasing the standard deviation relative to the mean of plant productivity. However, compared to species richness, the stability of C3 grasses and other functional groups asynchrony were the most important drivers changing the stability of plant productivity. The negative impacts of P addition overrode the impacts of AMF on the stability of plant productivity. Overall, our study suggests the importance of soil nutrient availability over AMF in terms of shaping the stability of plant productivity. Our results also suggest that three‐year anthropogenic soil nutrient enrichment could reduce the stability of plant communities in grassland regardless of AMF in the P‐limited grassland ecosystem.