bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between the thyroid feedback quantile-based index and serum uric acid in U.S. adults
Authors: Xie Haitao , Li Ning , Zhou Guowei , He Zhiyuan , Xu Xiaoqing , Liu Qian , Wang Haiyan , Han Jie , Shen Le , Yu Peng , Chen Jiandong , Chen Xiaohu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Previous studies have shown that there may be a positive correlation between serum uric acid levels and hyperthyroidism. However, the relationship between thyroid function and serum uric acid in healthy people is unclear. This study analyzed the relationship between impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity and serum uric acid levels, and presented them in quantitative form.

Research design and methods
This is a cross-sectional study of 4460 adults (male: 2300; female: 2160) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2010. Parameters representing central sensitivity to thyroid hormones were calculated as: thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQIFT4), thyroid stimulating hormone index (TSHI), and total thyroxine (T4) resistance index (TT4RI); Peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormone was evaluated by FT3/FT4 ratio. In addition, we have innovated total triiodothyronine (T3) resistance index (TT3RI) and TFQIFT3 indexes based on FT3 and TSH. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the correlation between thyroid resistance index and serum uric acid, and the results were presented graphically as smooth curve fittings.

Results
Higher levels of serum uric acid were associated with decreased sensitivity to thyroid hormones in euthyroid individuals. In conjunction with an increase in the thyroid hormone sensitivity index value, uric acid levels gradually increased as well. Furthermore, we found a segmented relationship between TT3RI and serum uric acid changes. The saturation and threshold analyses indicated that 18.85 was the turning point (logarithmic likelihood ratio test = 0.036). When TT3RI < 18.85, the relationship between serum uric acid and TT3RI was not significant [β(95% CI) 0.47 (− 0.05, 1.00), P = 0.077], but when TT3RI > 18.85, there was a significant rise in serum uric acid with an increase in TT3RI [β(95% CI) 3.94 (0.94, 6.95), P = 0.010]. A further finding of the interaction test was that impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity and uric acid changes vary among different age groups and BMI levels.

Conclusions
Decreased sensitivity to thyroid hormones was associated with high levels of serum uric acid in people with normal thyroid function. The interaction test shows that different age groups and BMI groups impact the association between impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity and serum uric acid. Furthermore, smooth curve fitting revealed a segmental relationship between TT3RI and serum uric acid levels.
Multidisciplinary recommendations for the management of CAR-T recipients in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Tian Weiwei , Wei Shuang , Lu Xinyi , An Jing , He Shaolong , Zhao Jie , Gao Zhilin , Li Li , Lian Ke , Zhou Qiang , Zhang Huilai , Wang Liang , Su Liping , Kang Huicong , Niu Ting , Zhao Ailin , Pan Jing , Cai Qingqing , Xu Zhenshu , Chen Wenming , Jing Hongmei , Li Peng , Zhao Wanhong , Cao Yang , Mi Jianqing , Chen Tao , Chen Yuan , Zou Ping , Lukacs-Kornek Veronika , Kurts Christian , Li Jian , Liu Xiansheng , Mei Qi , Zhang Yicheng , Wei Jia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed an unprecedented challenge on public health systems. Despite the measures put in place to contain it, COVID-19 is likely to continue experiencing sporadic outbreaks for some time, and individuals will remain susceptible to recurrent infections. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T recipients are characterized by durable B-cell aplasia, hypogammaglobulinemia and loss of T-cell diversity, which lead to an increased proportion of severe/critical cases and a high mortality rate after COVID-19 infection. Thus, treatment decisions have become much more complex and require greater caution when considering CAR T-cell immunotherapy. Hence, we reviewed the current understanding of COVID-19 and reported clinical experience in the management of COVID-19 and CAR-T therapy. After a panel discussion, we proposed a rational procedure pertaining to CAR-T recipients with the aim of maximizing the benefit of CAR-T therapy in the post COVID-19 pandemic era.
Inflammatory biomarkers of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in 563 severe OSA patients before and after surgery
Authors: Lin Chung-Wei , Lin Pei-Wen , Chiu Li-Wen , Chai Han-Tan , Chang Chun-Tuan , Friedman Michael , Salapatas Anna M. , Rahavi-Ezabadi Sara , Lin Hsin-Ching 
Published: July 2023

Background Evidence has proved that high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were risk factors for cardiovascular comorbidities. The alterations of NLR and PLR following obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment were under studied and thus should be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of inflammatory biomarkers including NLR and PLR in severe OSA patients after surgical interventions of the upper airway, and their relationships with improvements in polysomnographic (PSG) parameters. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 563 consecutive severe OSA patients at a tertiary academic medical center who received OSA surgery, as well as underwent pre- and post-operative polysomnographic (PSG) examinations and blood tests. The changes of major PSG estimates, NLR, and PLR before and at least 3 months after OSA surgery were analyzed using paired t-tests with subgroup analyses. Pearson's correlations were performed to discover which PSG parameter contributed to the improvement of the values. Results After OSA surgery, the major PSG estimates, NLR and PLR dropped significantly in the overall population. In those with a higher preoperative NLR (pre-operative NLR≧3) and PLR (pre-operative PLR≧150), the mean (SD) difference of NLR (− 0.8 [1.6], 95% CI − 1.5 to − 0.2) and PLR (− 41.6 [40], 95% CI − 52.8 to − 30.5) were even more substantial. The changes of the “apnea, longest ( r = 0.298, P = .037)” and “hypopnea, longest ( r = 0.321, P = .026)” were found significantly related to the improvement of PLR. Conclusion NLR and PLR did significantly drop in severe OSA patients following OSA surgery, and this could be related to the alterations of sleep indices. The findings could possess clinical importance for severe OSA patients after OSA surgeries in reducing possible OSA-associated cardiovascular comorbidities.
Metabolomics reveals the effects producing region and fermentation stage on substance conversion in cigar tobacco leaf
Authors: Zhang Guanghai , Yao Heng , Zhao Gaokun , Wu Yuping , Xia Huachan , Li Yongping , Kong Guanghui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The quality of cigar tobacco leaves was closely related to fermentation. To investigate the substance changes in cigar tobacco leaves during their fermentation, metabolomics was determined at different fermentation stages. In this study, the metabolic profile among different regions and fermentation periods of cigar tobacco leaf were evaluated.

Results
A total of 1103 metabolites were identified in cigar tobacco leaf samples. A total of 293, 105 and 199 metabolites showed differential accumulation in the cigar tobacco leaf among different regions (PEF0 vs. LCF0, PEF0 vs. DHF0, PEF0 vs. YXF0) and 216, 242, 220, 227 and 198 metabolites showed differential accumulation in the different fermentation (LCF0 vs. LCF1, LCF0 vs. LCF2, LCF0 vs. LCF3, LCF0 vs. LCF4, LCF0 vs. LCF5). The main upregulated compounds were flavonoids, phenolic acids and lignans and coumarins, and the main downregulated compounds were organic acids, phenolic acids and amino acids and derivatives in the fermentation comparison group.

Conclusions
These results provide valuable information for accurately grasping the end time of fermentation and improve efficiency of cigar tobacco leaf fermentation.

Graphical Abstract
Willingness to pay for an annual vaccine in an endemic COVID-19 scenario: a contingent valuation study in Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Palanca-Tan Rosalina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUsing the Contingent Valuation Method, this paper estimated willingness to pay (WTP) for annual COVID-19 booster vaccines for the endemic phase of the disease. The study found that, on the average, Metro Manila households would be WTP PhP2,199.71–2,410.50 (US$42.71–46.81) for a one-dose vaccine with 90% efficacy for one year. This WTP estimate is a measure of the perceived benefits from preventing COVID-19 infection, suggesting the potential for private markets to cater to those who prefer to obtain the annual booster COVID-19 vaccine privately, while a public vaccination program that subsidizes partially or fully the cost of the vaccine for those with lower capacity to pay is likely to pass a social cost–benefit assessment. Consistent with economic theory, WTP was found to significantly decrease with vaccine price and increase with income. Further, the study found general acceptance (measured in terms of the Health Benefit Model constructs) of COVID-19 vaccines among Metro Manila households despite the dengue vaccine controversy in the country immediately prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey of methods and principles in three-dimensional reconstruction from two-dimensional medical images
Authors: Sarmah Mriganka , Neelima Arambam , Singh Heisnam Rohen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of human organs has gained attention in recent years due to advances in the Internet and graphics processing units. In the coming years, most patient care will shift toward this new paradigm. However, development of fast and accurate 3D models from medical images or a set of medical scans remains a daunting task due to the number of pre-processing steps involved, most of which are dependent on human expertise. In this review, a survey of pre-processing steps was conducted, and reconstruction techniques for several organs in medical diagnosis were studied. Various methods and principles related to 3D reconstruction were highlighted. The usefulness of 3D reconstruction of organs in medical diagnosis was also highlighted.
Peculiar penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body accident: a case report and review of literatures
Authors: Coimbatore Balakrishnan Manu , Lynrah Zareen A. , Tamuli Prachurya , Deka Anuradha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Children are curious to learn and are always explorative. This exploration is sometimes by keeping things in the oral cavity resulting in cases of foreign body in the aerodigestive tract. Penetrating oropharyngeal foreign bodies can result in significant morbidity and mortality if not treated promptly. The usual objects implicated in children are pens, pipes and toys which are cylindrical. The injury commonly occurs when the child falls with foreign body in the mouth. Here, we present a case report of a peculiar penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body accident.

Case presentation
A 7-year-old boy was brought to the emergency room with an alleged history of foreign body insertion into the mouth while playing with a rigid metallic rod which was bent in the end. Following a forceful hit on the head of the child by his sibling from behind, the rod got impacted into the mouth. The screening X-ray revealed an impacted foreign body. Non-contrast computed tomography scan was done on an emergency basis. It revealed hook-shaped metallic foreign body in the oral cavity and penetrating the oropharynx at the tongue base region. The effective total length of FB was 30 cm with an embedded intraglossal component of 2.5 cm. To aid in intubation, the extraoral part of the foreign body was cut short preoperatively. C-MAC video laryngoscope was used to aid in intubation. A backup plan for emergency tracheostomy was made in case of failed intubation. The foreign body was held using Kocher’s artery forceps and removed completely under endoscopic visualisation without any significant bleeding from the site of entry.

Conclusion
The unusual shape, the relatively narrow space in the patient and the tongue being a vascular structure were challenges in the removal of the foreign body. Due to the hook shape, it had to be withdrawn cephalad for removal. Penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body should not be pulled out either at primary care or in the emergency room but should be referred to experienced ENT surgeons. Critical teamwork between the ENT surgeon and the anaesthetist with well-defined preoperative plans for airway management is necessary. Awareness and ensuring safe play areas for children will prevent a great deal of penetrating oropharyngeal foreign body.
Functional improvement by behavioural activation for depressed older adults
Authors: Janssen Noortje P. , Oude Voshaar Richard C. , Wassink-Vossen Sanne , Hendriks Gert-Jan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Recovery in mental health care comprises more than symptomatic improvement, but preliminary evidence suggests that only collaborative care may improve functioning of depressed older adults. This study therefore evaluates the effectiveness of behavioural activation (BA) on functional limitations in depressed older adults in primary care.

Methods
This study uses data from a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial in which 59 primary care centres (PCCs) were randomised to BA and treatment as usual (TAU), and 161 consenting older (≥65 years) adults with clinically relevant symptoms of depression participated. Interventions were an eight-week individual BA programme by a mental health nurse (MHN) and unrestricted TAU. The outcome was self-reported functional limitations (WHODAS 2.0) at post-treatment (9 weeks) and at 12-month follow-up.

Results
At the end of treatment, the BA participants reported significantly fewer functional limitations than TAU participants (WHODAS 2.0 difference −3.62, p = 0.01, between-group effect size = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.09–0.69). This medium effect size decreases during follow-up resulting in a small and non-significant effect at the 12-month follow-up (WHODAS 2.0 difference = −2.22, p = 0.14, between-group effect size = 0.24; 95% CI = -0.08–0.56). MoCA score moderated these results, indicating that the between-group differences were merely driven by those with no cognitive impairment.

Conclusions
Compared to TAU, BA leads to a faster improvement of functional limitations in depressed older adults with no signs of cognitive decline. Replication of these findings in confirmatory research is needed.
High Expression of Adrenal Cortisol Synthases Is Acquired After Intrauterine Inflammation in Periviable Sheep Fetuses
Authors: Sato Shinichi , Watanabe Shimpei , Saito Yuya , Takanashi Aika , Ikeda Hideyuki , Sakurai Yoshie , Koshinami Shouta , Kumagai Yusaku , Usuda Haruo , Hanita Takushi , Kikuchi Atsuo , Saito Masatoshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Context
Intrauterine inflammation, a representative stressor for the fetus, has been shown to alter the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity in preterm fetuses and increase postnatal cortisol production. However, the mechanism of this alteration has not yet been elucidated.

Objective
We aimed to clarify the effects of endotoxin-induced intrauterine inflammation on the HPA axis of periviable sheep fetuses.

Methods
Fetal sheep (0.63 term) were divided into 2 groups: (1) the endotoxin group, in which the endotoxin was injected into the amniotic fluid; and (2) the control group, in which the saline solution was injected instead. A corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) challenge test was performed on the third day after injection to evaluate the cortisol-producing capacity of each group. Gene expression levels in the fetal adrenal glands of each group were analyzed by RNA-seq.

Results
The cortisol levels were significantly higher in the endotoxin group than in the control group after CRH challenge (P = .02). There were no significant differences in the responsiveness of adrenocorticotropin and cortisone between the 2 groups. Gene expression levels of the following enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis were significantly elevated in the endotoxin group: cytochrome P450 family (CYP) 11 subfamily A member 1 (log2FC 1.75), CYP 17 subfamily A member 1 (log2FC 3.41), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I (log2FC 1.13), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (log2FC 1.09), and CYP 21 (log2FC 0.89).

Conclusion
Periviable fetuses exposed to inflammation in utero have altered the responsiveness of the HPA axis with increased expression of enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis in the adrenal gland.
“I Can't Live in Your Book Anymore”: The Limits of Genre in Spike Jonze's Her
Authors: O'Dell Jacqueline 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Spike Jonze's 2013 film Her, about a letter writer's romance with his operating system, is often read as a posthuman meditation on universal concerns about intimacy. Drawing from Sylvia Wynter's work on genres of the human, this article argues that the protagonist, Theodore, and the film he inhabits ambivalently cling to the fantasy that the generic experience of white male alienation can remain unmarked and universal. The film's central relationship rests on Theodore misreading Samantha's genre of being through the codes of his own liberal humanist subjecthood. Consequently, Theodore produces Samantha discursively as a sexed being through a language of affect. This language, which is central to Theodore's letters and to our understanding of Samantha's humanity, encodes the racial and class hierarchies that the film would otherwise seem to transcend. In making visible the generic features of Theodore's universal subjecthood, this article illuminates how the absent presence of whiteness that anxiously drives Her becomes legible through its gendered language of affect and its concerns about ownership.
Many Nights
Authors: Shewry Teresa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This essay builds on environmental humanistic scholarship about the night in a study of arts associated with the Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, a lighting-regulated locale in Aotearoa / New Zealand, that is part of an international network of places intended to protect the night sky. Chris Murphy’s time lapse, South Celestial Pole from Mt John (2016), shot in Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, hastens time and utilizes a star tracker so that the city and lake of Takapō turn sideways against stars. The film connects relative darkness and highly visible celestial phenomena to startling perceptual change. The film is less evocative of how darkness and other nocturnal processes are interwoven with colonial histories and interconnected socio-environmental injustices. Robert Sullivan, a poet whose ancestral lands include the Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark Sky Reserve, is attentive to such concerns in the collection Star Waka (1999). Sullivan uses karakia (chants, incantation) to frame how stars and darkness nurture Māori practices like navigation but also to evoke precariousness woven into the night, from colonial astronomy to socially uneven policing and lighting. This essay, then, argues for critical caution regarding arts and narratives that only emphasize night’s wondrous qualities and its endangerment. Rather than framing night simply as a good phase to be protected, we might participate in night by addressing both the injustices and the varied dreams and struggles that it bears.
Application of Coherent Laser Ranging to Characterize Object Geometry Changes in Large Fires
Authors: Baumann Esther , Chernovsky Artur , Hoehler Matthew S. 
Published: July 2023

Coherent laser detection and ranging is applied to capture 3D images of objects placed in or behind large fires. A ranging precision of 300 μm through natural gas flame at a 6-meter stand-off is achieved.
© work of US government, not subject to copyright
What are the factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure in Colombia? A multi-level analysis
Authors: Ramirez-Agudelo Juan Luis , Pinilla-Roncancio Monica 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
Target 3.8 of the Sustainable Development Goals calls for the guaranteeing of universal health service coverage without generating financial risks for households and individuals. In Colombia, there is no up-to-date information on the proportion of households that suffer catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), nor about how these expenses are associated with the place of residence. To contribute to an understanding of these issues, this study analyses the differences in the levels of CHE among Colombian households, and their association with the province and area (urban or rural) of residence.

Methods
This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study using the 2016–2017 National Household Budget Survey, the household and population Census 2018, and the Register of Health Providers 2017. We used the definition of CHE proposed by the World Health Organization, with a threshold of 20%. We estimated the percentage of households facing CHE, and its intensity, and estimated a multi-level logistic regression model, using as the dependent variable the question of whether a household experienced CHE, and the province as a second level, where explanatory variables related to the province were included.

Results
We found differences in CHE levels according to the province of residence. At the national level, 1.77% of households experienced CHE, and households in the provinces of Boyacá (5.04%), Nariño (4.04%), Cauca (3.82%), and Chocó (3.78%) faced the highest CHE. For most households with CHE in these provinces, spending on medicines and medical consultations represented close to 50% of their out-of-pocket spending. The multi-level logistic regression model indicated that there are significant variations in CHE attributed to the provinces under study, where the contextual variables of hospital-bed density (AOR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.86–0.96) and incidence of multi-dimensional poverty (AOR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.01–1.30) were factors associated with CHE. For an urban household, 6.58% of the CHE variation is attributed to the province in question, while for a rural household the corresponding variation is 1.56%.

Conclusions
The geographical location of the household is a key factor when studying CHE in Colombia, where rural households present higher levels of CHE, mainly in the delivery of medicines and medical consultations. The findings reveal the need to analyse financial protection at the local level and establish policies to protect households, especially poor households, from CHE.