bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preserving Derivative Information while Transforming Neuronal Curves
Authors: Athey Thomas , Tward Daniel , Mueller Ulrich , Younes Laurent , Vogelstein Joshua , Miller Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The international neuroscience community is building the first comprehensive atlases of brain cell types to understand how the brain functions from a higher resolution, and more integrated perspective than ever before. In order to build these atlases, subsets of neurons (e.g. serotonergic neurons, prefrontal cortical neurons etc.) are traced in individual brain samples by placing points along dendrites and axons. Then, the traces are mapped to common coordinate systems by transforming the positions of their points, which neglects how the transformation bends the line segments in between. In this work, we apply the theory of jets to describe how to preserve derivatives of neuron traces up to any order. We provide a framework to compute possible error introduced by standard mapping methods, which involves the Jacobian of the mapping transformation. We show how our first order method improves mapping accuracy in both simulated and real neuron traces, though zeroth order mapping is generally adequate in our real data setting. Our method is freely available in our open-source Python package brainlit.
Novel molecular subtype-based precision therapy improves prognosis for lung adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Zuo Ling , Zhang Rui , He Shuting , Zhang Qing , Shi Yu , Xu Qiang , Li Feng , Gai Ling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a malignancy with a high global incidence and cancer-related mortality rate. Although various clinical trials have improved the prognosis of LUAD patients, the 5-year survival rate is still low. This study aimed to improve the prognosis of LUAD patients through molecular subtype-based precision therapy.
Methods
LUAD RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data obtained from online database was used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) combined with univariate and multifactorial COX analysis was used to identify hub prognostic genes. Based on these genes, pam clustering classified LUAD into two subtypes. The ESTIMATE, Immunophenoscore (IPS), and Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter) algorithm were applied to determine the microenvironmental purity and immune response of the two subtypes. Genomic enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to analyze the function. Mutational difference was also explored. The effects of cisplatin and FASNi on gene expression were examined by RT-PCR.
Results
The results showed that LUAD patients could be divided into two subtypes. The survival rate of patients in cluster 2 was signifcantly higher than that in cluster 1 (P = 7.9e-3). Patients in cluster 2 had more immune cell infiltration, higher microenvironmental component, and higher rate of EGFR mutations (P < 0.05). In contrast, patients in cluster 1 had more fibroblast infiltration and high rate of NTRK3 mutations (P < 0.05). In addition, functional analysis suggested cluster 1 was associated with Nucleotide sequence repair, while cluster 2 mainly related to lipid metabolism and angiogenic pathways (FDR < 0.25). RT-PCR indicated that cluster1-related model genes were associated with cisplatin, cluster2-related genes were associated with EGFR-targeted therapy and lipid metabolism inhibitors.
Conclusions
This study showed patients in cluster 1 may benefit from anti-Nucleotide repair therapies such as platinum, radiotherapy, targeting fibroblasts, and targeting NTRK3, while patients in cluster 2 benefit from immunotherapy, anti-angiogenic, targeting lipid metabolism, and targeting EGFR therapy. This study may provide new insights to improve the overall prognosis of LUAD patients through molecular subtype-based precision therapy.
Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diurnal Variation of Cystatin C
Authors: Lee Seolhyun , Noh Sungryong , Lee Woo Hyun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Obstructive sleep apnea is a known risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease. To find early signs of the progression in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea., we assessed the diurnal variation of kidney biomarkers.
Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted at Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea. All participants underwent in-laboratory polysomnography and phlebotomy in the evening before the polysomnography and in the morning after the polysomnography. Kidney biomarkers, including serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and serum cystatin C, were measured. Delta kidney biomarkers were calculated by subtracting the evening level of the biomarkers from the morning level.
Results
Twenty-six of 50 participants had severe obstructive sleep apnea. Delta cystatin C was significantly correlated with apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index, and total arousal index with coefficients of -0.314, -0.323, and − 0.289, respectively. In participants without severe obstructive sleep apnea, the morning cystatin C level (0.84 ± 0.11 mg/L) was significantly higher than the evening cystatin C level (0.81 ± 0.11 mg/L) (P = 0.005). With severe obstructive sleep apnea, the cystatin C levels were not different between the morning (0.85 ± 0.11 mg/L) and the evening (0.85 ± 0.10 mg/L).
Conclusions
Morning Cystatin C level was significantly increased only in participants without severe obstructive sleep apnea, presumed due to nocturnal decline in glomerular filtration rate. The absence of the nocturnal decline in glomerular filtration rate with severe obstructive apnea may be an early sign of kidney damage.
Posterior spinal fusion for severe kyphosis in a child with Gaucher disease: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zhao Tengfei , Zhang Ning , Chen Linwei , Wang Yifan , Li Jun , Chen Qixin , Li Fangcai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The skeleton involvement is one of the most significant aspects of Gaucher disease (GD).However, the treatment for spinal involvement in GD among patients undergoing enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is poorly characterized. We present a case of progressive kyphotic spinal deformity in a young child caused by vertebral involvement, which was managed by posterior spinal fusion without anterior spinal release under ERT.
Case presentation A 10-year-old boy presented progression kyphosis ( thoracic kyphotic angle of 113°) associated with type IIIb GD had undergoneposterior spinal fusion with segmental pedicle screw fixation (from T6-L3) and Ponte osteotomy. The patient went back to school without further brace protection. Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) was observed at 4 months postoperatively. Revision surgery was performed to prevent the neurological impairment. Additional posterior spinal fusion from T2–T6 and decompressive laminectomy was performed during the revision surgery. 2-year of follow-up showed no recurrence of PJK and solid fusion was achieved in the patient under ERT and brace protection.
Conclusions Posterior spinal fusion without anterior spinal release is a good treatment option for severe spinal deformity in patients with GD. However, the fusion level and reinforced fixation require careful consideration, revision surgeryand brace protection is needed as long as PJK was observed.
Twelve-month Outcomes of a Mental Illness Destigmatizing Theatrical Intervention in Rural Uganda
Authors: Lee Yang Jae , Christ Ryan , Blackwell Scott , Rauben Kazungu , Krause Alyssa , Monnig Emery , Ssekalo Ibrahim , Iheanacho Theddeus , Rosenheck Robert 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose Evaluate the long-term effectiveness of a community-led theatrical intervention in reducing mental health stigma in a low-income setting in Uganda. Methods A follow-up survey of study participants was conducted 12 months after the initial community-led theatrical intervention measuring the primary outcomes of mental illness stigma using the Broad Acceptance Scale (BAS) and the Personal Acceptance Scale (PAS). Results Of the initial 57 participants, 46 (80%) completed the follow-up survey. The average improvement in Broad Acceptance Scale and Personal Acceptance Score observed from baseline to twelve months after the intervention was 1.435 (95% CI: 0.826–2.044, p < 0.0001, SD: 1.64) and 2.152 (95% CI: 1.444–2.860, p < 0.0001, SD: 1.93), respectively. Both effect sizes were within the confidence intervals of the average improvement observed one week after the intervention. Conclusion Exposure to the community-led theatrical intervention continued to confer a significant and substantial reduction in mental illness stigma.
Challenges of the forage crops in northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: DESTA ALEMU GASHE 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Inadequate quality and quantity of animal feed are major factors influencing livestock production in Ethiopia. The primary feed sources (crop residue and natural pasture) were insufficient to meet even the annual maintenance requirement for livestock feed. To address this disparity, the production of cultivated forage is essential. Identifying the constraints and opportunities for improved forage production is critical for developing forage crops and intervention options for forage and livestock production. However, due to various constraints, the production and utilization of forage crops for animal feed are low in Ethiopia's highlands. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the types, strategies, and constraints of forage crop production in three agroecologies (high, mid, and lowland agroecologies) of the east Gojjam zone. Two districts were chosen at random from all agroecologies. A total of 12 peasant associations from six districts (two from each district) were chosen using a simple random sampling system. A total of 360 respondents were taken from all agroecologies using a simple random sampling system. The data was collected through focus group discussions and individual interviews, and it was analyzed using SPSS. According to the findings, only 51% of respondents developed forage crops, due mainly to factors such as land scarcity (60.4%), a lack of awareness (24.0%), a lack of seed (14.6%), a lack of water (8.3%), and a fear of farmers birds setting on forage (3.1%). Chamaecytisus palmensis (tree lucerne) was the only forage in the highland agroecologies, whereas Sesbania sesban was the dominant species in the midland agroecologies. The dominant improved forage development strategy in all agroecologies was backyard, which did not compete with food crop production.
A new method to predict refracture risk after locking compression plate removal of clavicle shaft
Authors: Han Shuai , Wang Qinghe , Tan Fang , Bai Yunpeng , Li Kun , Qiu Yongmin , Ding Juhong , Li Shuang , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims:
The incidence rate of subsequent refracture after removal of the implant in mid-shaft clavicle fracture patients is relatively high. This can lead to additional medical costs and cause doctor-patient dispute. This study tries to introduce a new method to predict the refracture risk of the clavicle after hardware removal.
Methods:
A retrospectively review of 244 patients who had undergone ORIF with LCP for mid-shaft clavicle fractures, and had hardware removal surgery after bony union from January 2013 to September 2022 at our hospital was performed. We evaluated basic demographic characteristics, and analyzed the mean gray value of screw holes with the Image J software, which was extensively used in Western-blot analysis.
Results:
Our study showed that about 2.0% patients suffered refracture after removal of the LCP. For the first time we found obvious differences in remaining bone ratio and the index of remaining Clavicle intensity between the two groups. There was no difference between groups with regards to preoperative characteristics.
Conclusions:
Surgeons should mention that there is a relatively higher possibility of refracture rate and emphasize a proper immobilization after secondary operation. There are no significant preoperative demographics parameters associated with refracture. The mean gray value of screw holes on immediate postoperative X-ray can be a potential clinical predictor for refracture rate after LCP removal.
Exogenous [Pyr 1 ]apelin-13 prevents bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity via the receptor APJ
Authors: Chen Chaoxing , Zhao Shishi , Chen Zhengjie , He Yuting , Chen Jiali , Zheng Liangyu , Xia Yun , Papadimos Thomas J. , Shi Kejian , Chen Hongfei , Liu Le , Xu Xuzhong , Jin Zhousheng , Wang Quanguang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Abnormal energy metabolism is an important mechanism in bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity. Apelin, an adipocyte-derived peptide involved in energy metabolism and regulation of the cardiovascular system, may be linked to bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity. Here we investigated the role of apelin in bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity and its relationship with energy metabolism.
Methods
We used both an ex vivo Sprague-Dawley (SD) neonatal rat cardiomyocyte toxicity model and an in vivo bupivacaine-induced rat asystole model to investigate the effect and mechanism of exogenous [Pyr1]apelin-13 in bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity.
Results
Exogenous [Pyr1]apelin-13 (22 μM) prevented bupivacaine-induced (90 μM) inhibition of the cardiomyocyte beating frequency (mean difference: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.62 versus C-bupi, p<0.001, n=5) in cells treated with bupivacaine for 60 minutes, preserved the mitochondrial ultrastructure and regulated the oxygen consumption rate , and these effects were inhibited by APJ shRNA. Exogenous [Pyr1]apelin-13 (150 μg·kg-1) increased the survival rate of SD rats with bupivacaine-induced (30 mg·kg-1) asystole (12/12 (100%) versus 6/12 (50%), p=0.014), while F13A (150 μg·kg-1), an APJ antagonist, abolished this response (3/12 (25%)). Apelin also increased the expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, acetyl Co-A carboxylase, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α in SD rats heart tissue.
Conclusion
Exogenous [Pyr1]apelin-13 prevented bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity via the receptor APJ in adult male SD rats and SD neonatal rat cardiomyocytes through the preservation of mitochondrial structure and function.
A delayed deep reservoir computer for dynamical modelling
Authors: Liu Jianming , Xu Xu , Li Eric 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Reservoir computing is an effective machine learning paradigm. We propose a new reservoir computing called delayed deep reservoir computer (DDRC), DDRC is based on feedforward neural networks (FNNs), the input of the current time and delayed time are projected into the high-dimensional space by FNNs in parallel, and are combined into a high-dimensional feature representation through a set of weight coefficients. Feature representation vectors are mapped to the output by linear regression. DDRC retains the advantages of simple training and small computation of ESN, only readout weight requires learning from the data. Several numerical experiments show that DDRC achieves better results in chaotic time series prediction. In particular, DDRC enables long term prediction of multiple superimposed oscillator (MSO) sequence.
Pancreas Segmentation in CT based on RC-3DUNet with SOM
Authors: Liu Zhe , Ma Siqi , Liu Yi , Wang Wenqiang , Song Yuqing , Su Jun , Tang Yangyang , Yu Aihong , Liu Xuesheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Automatic and accurate 3D pancreas segmentation based on deep learning, playing an important role in medical professional's diagnosis and treatment of diseases, has received a lot of attention from medical image processing community. Although sufficient works on 3D pancreas segmentation have been conducted in recent years, they embrace two shortcomings: one is that the server environment required for segmentation is too excellent and not friendly to the public, and the other is that the segmentation accuracy needs to be further improved. In response to the above problems, we propose a Selecting the Overlap Method (SOM) operation that effectively relieves the memory pressure and associates contextual information. To accurately segment 3D medical images, a 3D segmentation model called RC-3DUnet is designed to reduce the parameters during segmentation compared with the general network. This integrates our newly proposed coarse-to-fine segmentation method, which utilizes SOM and RC-3DUnet, to both reduce the running memory environment required for 3D segmentation of the pancreas and increase the accuracy rate. Extensive experiments were conducted on the Medical Segmentation Decathlon (MSD) pancreas segmentation and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) pancreas segmentation datasets, showing our results not only showed higher accuracy than other excellent methods but also demonstrated that our method is more lightweight.
Aerobic and anaerobic potential microbial consumption of salt marsh soils organic matter
Authors: Piñeiro-Juncal Nerea , Cortizas Antonio Martinez , Sousa Ana I. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Salt marshes have a high capacity to stabilize organic carbon in their soils as organic matter (OM). Globally, they are estimated to hold ~862 to 1,350 Tg of organic carbon in the upper meter. Which OM compounds are accumulated and which are the mechanisms protecting them, beyond anoxia, are important questions to unravel and understand the full potential of salt marsh ecosystems to store carbon. Soil microbial communities have a key role in OM degradation and, therefore, in its accumulation. In this study, performed at Ria de Aveiro (Portugal) coastal lagoon, two techniques were successfully applied to explore OM microbial mineralization in salt marsh soils: EcoPlatesTM under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), together with principal component analysis on the transposed matrix, to extract the signal of specific compounds. The soil samples showed a high spatial homogeneity in microbial potential consumption, regarding both depth (up to 89 cm) and halophyte species. Potential aerobic consumption was high at all depths but the anaerobic communities showed a higher diversity in carbon sources consumption. Amino acids, carbohydrates and polymers were widely consumed, while half of the carboxylic acids were not consumed. Two of the carbon sources that were not consumed were likely protected within bigger molecules, D-galacturonic acids within hemicellulose and 4-hydroxy benzoic acids within phenolic compounds, being the last most likely accumulated as blue carbon. In addition, our study shows the potential of microbial incubations coupled with FTIR to greatly increase our understanding of salt marsh soils OM dynamics.
Anterior acetabular sector angle is a potential indicator for identifying subchondral fatigue fracture of the femoral head in young military recruits
Authors: Yang Junzheng , Chen Peng , Chen Baihao , Zhao Bin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the intrinsic risk factors for SFFFH in young military recruits.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 98 SFFFH and 24 ONFH patients who were affiliated with the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) between 2013 and 2019. X-ray and MRI were the main data for analysis. Acetabular anteversion of the superior acetabulum (AVsup), acetabular anteversion of the center of the acetabulum (AVcen), anterior acetabular sector angle (AASA), posterior acetabular sector angle (PASA), superior acetabular sector angle (SASA), neck-shaft angle (NSA), inferior iliac angle (IIA) and ischiopubic angle (IPA) were calculated by two observers with three times. Then, logistics regression and independent samples T-test were performed to analyze the above data to explore the risk factors of SFFFH.
Results
Based on the results of logistics regression, age (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.12-1.65; P-value = 0.0031) could be considered as the indicator. AVcen (P-value = 0.0334), AASA (P-value = 0.0002), NSA (P-value = 0.0007), IIA (P-value = 0.0316) were considered to be statistical significance. Further, AVcen (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.04-1.95) and AASA (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.21-1.77) especially AASA (area under curve: 66.6%) should be paid much more attention.
Conclusions
We unveiled that AASA could be the key factor for SFFFH, which further verified that deficient anterior coverage of the acetabulum might be the main cause of SFFFH.
Modelling Clean Energy Transition Pathways for India’s Power Sector Using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)
Authors: Lobo Fern , Hannah  , Yeganyan Rudolf , Canonne Carla , Tan Naomi , Jansen Malte , Howells Mark , Patterson Simon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
India, an economic powerhouse with a rapidly increasing population and considerable global influence, is uniquely positioned to shape how developing nations achieve a clean energy transition. With ambitious targets set at COP-26, a clear route to achieving this must be established. Specifically, India faces the critical challenge of shifting away from coal and increasing its share of renewable energy. Of the five targets set at COP-26, this study has focussed on: 1) Reaching 500 GW Non-fossil energy capacity by 2030 (focussed on exceeding this target by 50GW) 2) Reducing total projected carbon emissions by one billion tonnes, and 3) Achieving net zero by 2070. However, considering India’s social and economic dependency on the coal industry, along with the immense pressure from the significant, growing population, how these targets can be achieved must be scrutinised to form a clear roadmap for success. Energy System Modelling (ESM), specifically OSeMOSYS, have provided a valuable mechanism for formulating evidence-based policy recommendations. This study developed a “starter data kit” for India, allowing for the modelling of six scenarios based on the three aforementioned COP-26 targets. The modelled scenarios are as follows: a Low Cost (LC) scenario; a Fossil Future (FF) scenario, where no new investment is made in renewable energy or efficiency after 2021; a scenario where 550GW of solar/wind/hydropower is integrated into the system by 2030 (RE); Net Zero by 2070 (NZ); Net Zero by 2070, with 550 GW of renewables and a 1 billion tonne reduction in carbon emissions (NZ + RE - Emissions); and a scenario with 550 GW of renewables combined with the 1 billion tonne CO2 reduction (RE - Emissions). The results of this modelling, along with a comprehensive literature review, found that to achieve all three targets a shift in baseload energy is required, suggesting nuclear and biomass as suitable sources. Despite the high capital cost of nuclear, its longevity and low running costs counter this. It was also determined that securing 550 GW of renewable energy by 2030 is an important starting point for renewable energy penetration. However, increased system dependence on renewables requires a congruent scale-up of energy storage capabilities to address system instability, specifically to ~160 GWh of capacity. Finally, deep penetration of energy efficiency (EE) is integral to success, which should be promoted with improved fiscal and financial incentives, along with education campaigns. To achieve its COP-26 climate targets, India should consider the implementation of the above recommendations.