bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of cancer stem cell marker expression in vestibular schwannoma progression
Authors: Klause Clara Helene , Schildhauer Paola , Strauss Christian , Rampp Stefan , Scheller Christian , Leisz Sandra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Vestibular schwannoma (VS), a benign tumor originating from the Schwann cells surrounding the 8th cranial nerve, is one of the most common intracranial tumors. Affected patients suffer from symptoms such as impaired hearing, dizziness and dysfunction of surrounding cranial nerves, which increase with the size of the VS. Although various factors influencing VS growth have been investigated, the molecular causes remain unclear. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are already known from malignant tumor entities to have the ability to self-renew and differentiate to generate and drive tumor growth. Therefore, our study investigated the influence of the expression of cancer stem cell markers in the VS progression.
Methods: An exploratory study of eleven CSC markers was performed in 165 VS of different tumor volume by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and correlated with preoperative tumor volume. In addition, we investigated the CSC markers Nestin, Nanog, CD44 and CD45 in selected VS primary cultures by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Finally, a copy number variation analysis of 26 tumor samples was performed to investigate gain or loss of CSC markers at DNA level.
Results: Our results showed a strong correlation among CSC marker expression and a correlation of the tumor volume with eight CSC markers. In the VS, in particular, the expression of the markers CXCR-4 (r=0.23, p=0.0045), CD44 (r=0.24, p=0.0041), CD45 (r=0.17, p=0.046), Nestin (r=0.21, p=0.014), and CD133 (r=0.23, p=0.0057) were related to volume increase, whereas expression of SOX2 (r=-0.24, p=0.0031), c-myc (r=-0.19, p=0.020) and Klf4 (r=-0.22, p=0.0088) showed a negative correlation with the tumor volume. Using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis, population of cells were detected expressing CD44 and CD45 as well as Nestin and Nanog simultaneously.
Conclusion: This suggests that there is a not previously described subpopulation of CSC in VS, which is associated with an increasing tumor volume. Due to the limited treatment options available for VS, these findings could offer the possibility of targeting CSC pharmacologically to prevent tumor progression in the VS.
Evaluation of water from Lake Coatetelco in central-south Mexico and surrounding groundwater wells for drinking and irrigation, and possible health risk
Authors: Roy Priyadarsi D. , García-Arriola Oscar Agesandro , Selvam Sekar , Vargas-Martínez Irma Gabriela , Zavala José Luis Sánchez 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With an increasing reduction of hydrological resources across Mexico and their growing contamination due to global warming and anthropogenic activities, this study evaluated water from the perennial Lake Coatetelco (Ca–Mg–HCO3) in tropical central-southern Mexico and groundwater (Ca–Mg–HCO3 and Na–HCO3–Cl) from the surrounding wells for drinking as well as irrigation qualities. Comparison with the WHO guidelines, and the estimated water quality indices (DWQI and IWQI) grouped almost all the samples collected after the warm season rainfall in excellent and good categories (DWQI < 100) for drinking, even though fluoride remained > 1.5 mg/L in 50% samples. Except for one groundwater sample, all showed > 25% permeability (classes I and II) in Donnen classification indicating their suitability for irrigation. USSL and Wilcox classifications, however, catalogued some in the high-salinity hazard group and some as doubtful for irrigating regular plants. Samples from about 53% wells are also in high and severe restriction irrigation categories of IWQI. Total Hazard Quotient Index (THQI) of non-carcinogenic risk results (HQfluoride>1) shows that at least one lake water sample and 47% of groundwater might expose both adult and child population to possible risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis. This baseline information about water quality might be useful for both the short- and long-term monitoring and evaluation in this region.
A Bayesian model of visual search in natural images and the role of memory
Authors: Rashidi Shima , Turpin Andrew , Kulik Lars , Ehinger Krista A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Modelling human eye movements during visual search has been a research topic of interest for many years. Here, we investigate if a Bayesian ideal observer model can be configured to effectively explain human eye movements when searching for a known object target in natural images. We collected eye movements from participants who searched for a known target in 18 different natural textured images and compared their performance and strategy to the ideal observer model. Our model chooses search fixations that maximize information gain, given a probabilistic model of target detectability, at various eccentricities which is in turn approximated from features of a convolutional neural network. We collect and use ground truth data from a second experiment with human observers (observers detecting a target at various eccentricities on the 18 natural textured backgrounds) to fine-tune the parameters of our proposed pipeline for detectability estimation and verify our results. We further study the role of short-term memory in the ideal observer model and find that a model with limited memory best fits the human search patterns. Our results suggest that the visual system's strategy for choosing next fixation location in a visual search task is consistent with a Bayesian ideal observer model.
Role of nitrate in the production of iron-modified hydrochar for arsenic removal
Authors: Zhang Yiwei , Chen Dandan , Xing Yutong , Liu Bangwei , Zhou Yan , Lu Ping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Iron-modified biochar is a promising As adsorption material. Compared to biochar, hydrochar has better As adsorption characteristics due to its abundant functional group. Many studies on iron modification of biochars have been reported. However, there are no reports focusing on the iron modification of hydrochars with different iron species. In this paper, a novel As adsorption material, iron-modified hydrochar, was synthesized through one-step hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of poplar sawdust by different iron species, i.e., FeCl3·6H2O (FC), FeSO4·7H2O (FS) and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O (FN). The physicochemical properties, Fe binding stability, and As adsorption properties of hydrochars were examined to see how preparation conditions and iron species affected them. Results showed that the iron retention rate and As adsorption capacity of hydrochar modified by FN were much higher than those modified by FS and FC. Moreover, these two increased proportionally with the increasing iron dosage. However, preparation time had limited effect on them. In addition, the functioning of FN in HTC was investigated to determine the key to enhancing the iron content of hydrochars in HTC. The As adsorption mechanism of iron-modified hydrochars was also studied to analyze the key to improve its As adsorption capacity. This paper will provide useful information for improving the preparation of iron-modified hydrochars and its As adsorption capacity.
Regulation of myogenesis and adipogenesis by the electromagnetic perceptive gene
Authors: Hwang Jangsun , Jung Haewoon , Kim Kyung Min , Jeong Daun , Lee Jinhyuck , Hong Jeong-Ho , Jang Woo Young 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Obesity has been increasing in many regions of the world, including Europe, USA, and Korea. To manage obesity, we should consider it as a disease and apply therapeutic methods for its treatment. Molecular and therapeutic approaches for obesity management involve regulating biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and protein in adipose-derived stem cells to prevent to be fat cells. Multiple factors are believed to play a role in fat differentiation, with one of the most effective factor is Ca2+. In particular, Ca2+ plays an important role in different stages of cell development and is introduced into it by various mechanisms, including calcium channels. We recently reported that the electromagnetic perceptive gene (EPG) regulated intracellular Ca2+ levels under various electromagnetic fields. This study aimed to investigate whether EPG could serve as a therapeutic method against obesity.
We confirmed that EPG serves as a modulator of Ca2+ levels in primary adipose cells, thereby regulating serval genes during the adipogenesis. In addition, this study also identified EPG-mediated regulation of myogenesis that myocyte transcription factors were elevated in C2C12 cells and satellite cells. In conclusion, the in vitro and in vivo experiments carried out in this study indicates that owing to its regulatory function, EPG could serve as a potent therapeutic agent against obesity.
Using mice from different breeders fails to improve replicability of results
Authors: Würbel Hanno , Jaric Ivana , Voelkl Bernhard , Amrein Irmgard , Wolfer David , Novak Janja , Detotto Carlotta , Weber-Stadlbauer Ulrike , Meyer Urs , Manuella Francesca , Mansuy Isabelle 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Theoretical and empirical evidence indicates that low external validity due to rigorous standardization of study populations is a cause of poor replicability in animal research. Here, we report a multi-laboratory study to test whether heterogenization of study populations by using animals from different breeders increases the replicability of results from single-laboratory studies. We found that heterogenization by breeder was not potent enough to increase external validity sufficiently to improve replicability.
Drivers of Early Childhood Vaccination Success in Nepal, Senegal, and Zambia: A Multiple Case Study Analysis Using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research
Authors: Escoffery Cam , Ogutu Emily Awino , Sakas Zoe , Hester Kyra A , Ellis Anna , Rodriguez Katie , Jaishwal Chandni , Yang Chenmua , Dixit Sameer , Bose Anindya , Sarr Moussa , Kilembe William , Bednarczyk Robert A , Freeman Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The fundamental components of a vaccine delivery system are well-documented, but robust evidence is needed on how the related processes and implementation strategies - including the facilitators and barriers- contribute to improvements in childhood vaccination coverage. The purpose of this study was to identify critical facilitators and barriers to the implementation of common interventions across three countries that have dramatically increased coverage of early childhood vaccination over the past 20 years, and to qualify common or divergent themes in their success.
Methods
We conducted 277 key informant interviews and focus group discussions with public health leaders at the regional, district, and local levels and community members in Nepal, Senegal, and Zambia to identify intervention activities and the facilitators and barriers to implementation. We used thematic analysis grounded in the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to identify immunization program key facilitators and barriers.
Results
We found that the common facilitators to program implementation across the countries were the CFIR inner setting constructs of 1) networks and communications, 2) goals and feedback, 3) relative priority, and 4) readiness for implementation; and outer setting constructs of 4) cosmopolitanism and 5) external policies and mandates. The common barriers were incentives and rewards, available resources, access to knowledge and information, and patients needs and resources. Critical to the success of these national immunization programs were prioritization and codification of health as a human right, clear chain of command and shared ownership of immunization, communication of program goals and feedback, offering of incentives at multiple levels, training of staff central to vaccination education, the provision of resources to support the program, key partnerships and guidance on implementation and adoption of vaccination policies.
Conclusion
Adequate organizational commitment, resources, communication, training, and partnerships were the most critical facilitators for these countries to improve childhood vaccination.
Micro problems with Macro Consequences: Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Microplastics in Human Breast Milk and in Human Milk Substitutes
Authors: Caba-Flores Mario Daniel , Martínez-Valenzuela Carmen , Cardenas-Tueme Marcela , Camacho-Morales Alberto 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Massive increases of industrial activities provide a modern human lifestyle with filled with advances and comforts in every field. However, such demands from consumers have brought several negative issues. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and a growing plastic usage together with the byproducts of their degradation, namely microplastics (MPs) are some of the current environmental problems found in every ecosystem, disturbing all forms of life. POPs and MPs accumulation are also found in products for human consumption including animal and vegetal food derivates, human milk substitutes and critically in human breastmilk. To date, it is currently unknown what are the effects of MPs and POPs when ingested during the first 1000 days of life that represents the first and most important stage for health programming of the offspring. Here, we will add epidemiological and clinical evidence supporting major sources of POPs and MPs in the ecosystem. Also, we will precisely describe the effect of POPs and MPs accumulation in animal- or plant- based infant formulas and human breastmilk, modulating health outcomes in the newborn. We conceive that this review provides a rational to incentive the POPs and MPs identification in human milk and human milk substitutes to provide an early and prompt advise avoiding susceptibility to negative health outcomes for the newborn during the first 1000 days of life.
Intrahippocampal transplantation of dental pulp stem cells improved memory function and reduced neuroinflammation-induced cell death in the rat’s model of seizure
Authors: Shoja Aliakbar , Sani Mojtaba , Balaghirad Nika , Jafary Hossein , Sagharichi Mastoore , Alipour Mohammad-amin , yassaghi younes , Nazerian Yasaman , Moghaddam Meysam Hassani , Bayat Amir-Hossein , Ashraf Hengameh , Aliaghaei Abbas , Olyayi Paria Davoudi Bavil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that significantly reduces the patient's quality of life. The present study aims to evaluate whether dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) transplant effectively decreases inflammation and cell death in the brain cells to reduce seizure damage.
Methods
A seizure was induced in rats using intraperitoneal injections of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). In the PTZ + DPSC group, bilateral hippocampal transplantation of DPSCs in PTZ-lesioned rat models was conducted. After one-month, post-graft analysis was performed, and some behavioral factors, such as working memory and long-term memory, were measured using a T-maze test and passive avoidance test, respectively. We investigated the immunohistopathology and distribution of astrocyte cells through light microscopy and Sholl analysis, respectively. Also, the Voronoi tessellation method was employed to estimate the spatial distribution of the cells in the hippocampus.
Results
For improving the behavioral aspects of rats with induced seizures, a reduction in astrogliosis, astrocytes process length, the number of branches, and intersections distal to the soma was observed in their hippocampus compared to the control group. More analysis indicated that the grafted DPSCs decreased the caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus of rats with induced seizures. Moreover, the DPSCs transplant protected hippocampal pyramidal neurons against PTZ toxicity and improved the spatial distribution of the hippocampal neurons.
Conclusions
Our findings suggested that DPSCs transplant can be a potent modifier of astrocytes' reactivation and inflammatory responses.
Awareness of rabies control and challenges to the intersectoral management of dog bites in Western Cameroon
Authors: Djuikoue Cecile Ingrid , Toutcho Cedric Ngalani , Savadogo Madi , Nana Cedric Seugnou , Kavulikirwa Olivier Kambere , Ndeffo Mireille Nokam , Ndjock Alex Ndjip , Feussom Jean Marc , Pokam Benjamin D. Thumamo , Tckokonte-Nana Venant , Antoine-Moussiaux Nicolas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Rabies is a zoonotic and a typical One Health challenge. Intersectoral surveillance is a critical component of rabies control programmes. However, the under-reporting of animal bite cases and the lack of coordination between sectors involved in the surveillance may lead to failure in the control efforts of this public health concern.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the operational level. Two separate survey grids were used for simultaneous data collection in the study sites, including 385 dog bite victims within communities and 273 human health and animal health professionals responsible for rabies surveillance in health and veterinary facilities
Results: There was no association (OR: 0,76; CI: 0,452-1,39 and p=0.38) between data loss and professional profile of the surveillance focal points; however, there was a significant association between the under-reporting of physical aggression cases of dog bites by victims and the level of education (OR: 1.75; IC:1.02-2.99 and P=0.0413), and with individuals younger than 20 years and those over 50 years of age (OR:0.39; CI:0.16-0.96 and p=0.0415). Indeed, there was a positively and statistically significant association (OR: 3.11; CI: 1.94-5.00 and p<0.0001) between knowledge of rabies with under-reporting of dog bites by community members; while negatively associated CI: 0.52-1.82 and p=0.9226) with the level of education. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the under-performance in case reporting whether the surveillance focal points had received prior training on rabies surveillance (OR: 1.14; CI: 0.64-2.01 and p=0.66), had knowledge of operational case definition (OR: 0.93; CI: 0.54- 1.58 and p=0.7851) or /and knew the manifestation of rabies (OR: 0.88; CI: 0.51-1.51and p=0.6408).
Conclusion: The under-reporting of rabies bites in the West region of Cameroon is as a consequence of negligence and lack of application of the one health approach on rabies surveillance by the surveillance focal points in District health sectors, leading to the no-exhaustive collection and patchy dissemination of dog bite data.
MiR-1246b, a novel miRNA molecule of extracellular vesicles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid promotes the nodules growth through FGF14 in patients with lung cancers
Authors: Huang Jing , Ding Ming , Lu Yuan , Xu Lu , Zhang Yu , Han Shuhua , Zhu Xiaoli , Li Yiping , Chen Pingsheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the widespread development of chest computed tomography (CT), the detection rate of pulmonary nodules has been increasing, therefore, the judgment of benign and malignant nodules has become a common problem in clinic. MicroRNA, a potential tool, is expected to become a good choice for diagnosing and studying the occurrence and development of diseases through the vector of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid extracellular vesicles (BALF-EVs). In this study, radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) was used to locate pulmonary nodules in patients, BALF was obtained and EVs were isolated, and small RNA sequencing was performed to screen differential miRNAs between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules groups. The binding targets and underlying mechanisms of the differential miRNAs were verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. EVs were successfully isolated and identified after obtaining BALF by R-EBUS localization. Differential miRNAs in BALF-EVs of patients with benign or malignant pulmonary nodules were screened by high-throughput small RNA sequencing. A new sequence, miR-1246b, was noticed. We found that FGF14 was the binding target of miR-1246b by luciferase Assay. Subsequent mechanistic studies showed that miR-1246b inhibited the expression of FGF14 in lung cancer cells, further led to ERK phosphorylation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which ultimately contributed to lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In summary, our study demonstrates that the detection of miRNAs in BALF-EVs, a means of liquid biopsy, could assist to distinguish malignant nodules from benign nodules. miR-1246b, extracted from BALF-EVs, targets FGF14 to promote lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Metabolic and cell cycle shift induced by the deletion of Dnm1l attenuates the dissolution of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Seo Bong Jong , Na Seung Bin , Choi Joonhyuk , Ahn Byeongyong , Habib Omer , Park Chankyu , Hong Kwonho , Do Jeong Tae 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mitochondria are versatile organelles that continuously change their morphology via fission and fusion. However, the detailed functions of mitochondrial dynamics-related genes in pluripotent stem cells remain largely unclear. Here, we aimed to determine the effects on energy metabolism and differentiation ability of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) following deletion of the mitochondrial fission-related gene Dnml1. Resultant Dnm1l−/− ESCs maintained major pluripotency characteristics. However, Dnm1l−/− ESCs showed several phenotypic changes, including the inhibition of differentiation ability (dissolution of pluripotency). Notably, Dnm1l−/− ESCs maintained the expression of the pluripotency marker Oct4 and undifferentiated colony types upon differentiation induction. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the most frequently differentially expressed genes were enriched in the glutathione metabolic pathway. Our data suggested that differentiation inhibition of Dnm1l−/− ESCs was primarily due to metabolic shift from glycolysis to OXPHOS, G2/M phase retardation, and high level of Nanog and 2-cell-specific gene expression.
Assessment of Corneal Graft Rejection Rates Following Partial Endothelial Keratoplasty in COVID-19 Vaccinated Patients
Authors: Joshi Bhagyashree , Siddiqui Muhammad Farrukh , Anderson David , Konstantopoulos Aris , Hossain Parwez , Hamza Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectives: The study aims to investigate the incidence of graft rejection following Covid-19 vaccination among patients who had undergone partial endothelial keratoplasty, a form of corneal transplantation. Methods: The study involved 208 patients who had received two doses of Covid-19 vaccine after undergoing partial endothelial keratoplasty. Patients were identified through electronic medical records and evaluated using a questionnaire designed to assess symptoms of graft rejection. Results: None of the 208 patients complained of symptoms of acute graft rejection, nor presented with symptoms or signs of graft rejection in the given time frame. None of the patients were diagnosed with graft rejection elsewhere. Conclusions: The study did not identify any cases of partial endothelial keratoplasty corneal graft rejection after the first or second dose of the Covid-19 vaccine. The absence of blood and lymphatic vessels in the central cornea gives it lymphangiogenic privilege and low rate of graft rejection. Any systemic immune dysregulation may compromise corneal ocular immune privilege and increase the patient’s susceptibility to rejection. Although all reported cases of corneal graft rejection following Covid-19 vaccination were associated with symptoms, the study has limitations as it relied solely on a telephonic survey.