bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomics discovery of giant fungal viruses from subsurface oceanic crustal fluids
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ananda S , Schulz Frederik , Woyke Tanja , Orcutt Beth N , Martínez Joaquín Martínez 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The oceanic igneous crust is a vast reservoir for microbial life, dominated by diverse and active bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Archaeal and bacterial viruses were previously detected in oceanic crustal fluids at the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR). Here we report the discovery of two eukaryotic Nucleocytoviricota genomes from the same crustal fluids by sorting and sequencing single virions. Both genomes have a tRNATyr gene with an intron (20 bps) at the canonical position between nucleotide 37 and 38, a common feature in eukaryotic and archaeal tRNA genes with short introns (&lt;100 bps), and fungal genes acquired through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events. The dominance of Ascomycota fungi as the main eukaryotes in crustal fluids and the evidence for HGT point to these fungi as the putative hosts, making these the first putative fungi-Nucleocytoviricota specific association. Our study suggests active host-viral dynamics for the only eukaryotic group found in the subsurface oceanic crust and raises important questions about the impact of viral infection on the productivity and biogeochemical cycling in this ecosystem.
A novel extended Portuguese of Interactive and Multi‐Criteria Decision Making and Archimedean Bonferroni mean operators based on prospect theory to select green supplier with complex q‐rung orthopair fuzzy information
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Mahmood Tahir , Gwak Jeonghwan , Jan Naeem 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe word sustainable or green supply chain refers to the concept of incorporating sustainable environmental procedures into the traditional supply chain. Green supply chain management gives a chance to revise procedures, materials and operational ideas. Choosing the fuzziness of assessing data and the spiritual situations of experts in the decision‐making procedure are two important issues. The main contribution of this analysis is to derive the theory of Archimedean Bonferroni mean operator for complex q‐rung orthopair fuzzy (CQROF) information, called the CQROF Archimedean Bonferroni mean and CQROF weighted Archimedean Bonferroni mean operators which are very valuable, dominant and classical type of aggregation operators used for examining the interrelationship among the finite number of attributes in modern data fusion theory. Inspirational and well‐used properties of the initiated theories are also diagnosed with some special cases. Additionally, the theory of extended TODIM tool using the prospect theory based on CQROF information was discovered, which play an essential and critical role in the environment of fuzzy set theory. Finally, a real life problem by computing a green supply chain management based on the initiated CQROF operators was evaluated and fully illustrating the feasibility and efficiency of the diagnosed work with the help of a comparison between existing and prevailing theories.
Hereditäre Nierentumore – einfach abgeklärt mit ToSCaNA
Authors: Fuhrmann Christian , Czerner Christoph P. , Ripperger Tim , Imkamp Florian 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In den letzten Jahren konnten große Fortschritte in
der Diagnose und Differenzierung verschiedenster hereditärer Syndrome mit Prädisposition für
Nierentumore erzielt werden.Aktuelle Lehrmeinung ist, dass 5–8% aller Nierentumore auf einer hereditären
Prädisposition beruhen. Diese Zahl wird in der Realität wahrscheinlich deutlich höher liegen,
da die genetischen Komponenten vieler Nierentumore noch nicht abschließend erforscht und
verstanden sind.Hereditäre Nierentumore zeigen in der Regel zwei charakteristische Eigenschaften:Während das durchschnittliche Diagnosealter sporadischer Nierenzellkarzinome bei 64 Jahren
liegt, sind Patienten mit hereditärer Tumorgenese bei Diagnosestellung durchschnittlich 20
Jahre jünger. Weiterhin treten diese Tumore oft multilokulär bzw. bilateral auf.Hieraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit eines speziellen Managements mit erweiterter
Beratung bei diesen jungen Nierentumorpatienten.In der Literatur sind diverse Artikel über hereditäre Syndrome mit Nierenbeteiligung
publiziert, die jedoch zumeist den Focus auf die einzelnen Syndrome legen.Ziel dieses Artikels ist es dem behandelnden Urologen eine kompakte Übersicht mit einem
praktischen Diagnostikleitfaden zu den häufigsten hereditären Syndromen mit Nierenbeteiligung
an die Hand zu geben und so die Primärdiagnostik und -behandlung dieser Patienten und ihrer
Familien zu optimieren.
Material und Methoden Wir führten hierzu eine Literaturrecherche
zu den 5 wichtigsten hereditären Syndromen mit Nierenbeteiligung durch und fassten die
Ergebnisse in einer übersichtlichen Tabelle zusammen.Darüber hinaus erstellten wir das Akronym ToSCaNA, welches die wichtigsten extrarenalen
Manifestationen dieser Syndrome zusammenfasst.Hieraus erarbeiteten wir einen Workflow eines sinnvollen Behandlungspfades.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt handelt es sich bei hereditären
Nierentumoren um eine seltene Entität, die in high-volume Zentren eine relevante Größe
darstellen können.Denjenigen, die selten mit diesen Tumoren zu tun haben, bietet sowohl das Akronym als auch
der Flowchart eine einfache Hilfestellung im klinischen Alltag.Eine möglichst frühe Identifikation und Diagnostik der Betroffenen und ihrer Angehörigen
ermöglicht es, die Patienten frühzeitig der richtigen Therapie und Früherkennung zuzuführen
und evtl. ebenfalls betroffene Angehörige zu identifizieren/therapieren.
Schlussfolgerung Ein früher Krankheitsbeginn sowie ein
bilaterales/multifokales Auftreten von Nierentumoren im klinischen Alltag sollten dringend an
eine hereditäre Genese denken lassen.Dieser Anfangsverdacht kann dann mittels des Akkronyms ToSCaNA erhärtet und schließlich
über den vorgeschlagenen Workflow weiter abgeklärt werden.
Cervical Cerclage to Prevent Intrauterine Balloon Prolapse
Authors: Suzuki Toshifumi , Takeda Jun , Seyama Rie , Makino Shintaro , Takeda Satoru , Itakura Atsuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntrauterine balloon prolapse sometimes occurs, and the intrauterine balloon must be reinserted. Furthermore, intrauterine balloon tamponade (IBT) failure can necessitate additional invasive procedures. We report a case of cervical cerclage with IBT for placenta previa with a cervical dilation. In our case, emergency cesarean section was performed at 35 + 4 weeks of gestation because of persistent hemorrhage. During the operation, we performed IBT to prevent further postpartum hemorrhage. However, immediately after the operation, uterine cervical dilatation was 6 cm, which resulted in cervical dilation and prolapse of the intrauterine balloon. Therefore, we performed cervical cerclage using absorbable sutures with IBT and blood transfusion. We speculated that the intrauterine balloon might have induced cervical canal ripening during the operation. Our case suggested that cervical cerclage with IBT is a useful method to prevent intrauterine balloon prolapse in cases with cervical dilation.
The use of focus groups in cultural ecosystem services research: a systematic review
Authors: Slovák Ľuboš , Daněk Jan , Daněk Tomáš 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFocus groups are an increasingly popular method for eliciting non-material values and cultural ecosystem services (CES) in the context of studying human–nature relationships. We conducted a systematic review of the literature with the aim of exploring where and how focus groups were used in the research into CES. Furthermore, we aimed to highlight good practices and potential caveats of the use of the focus groups method with respect to recommendations in methodological literature. We employed an inclusive CES classification framework and observed that focus groups were mostly used to research Recreation, Aesthetics, and Education categories. The review also discovered insufficient reporting and methodological inconsistencies in some of the studies. We provide suggestions for more robust and trustworthy applications of the focus group method, which can advance both research in this field and the implementation of the ecosystem services concept in the future.
Training future primary teachers in historical thinking through error-based learning and learning analytics
Authors: Tirado-Olivares Sergio , Cózar-Gutiérrez Ramón , López-Fernández Carlota , González-Calero José Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCurrent pedagogical trends move towards the implementation of active methodologies; however, little research has been conducted in the field of history teaching. Purely memorised learning no longer has a place in today’s age of information and technology. Simulating the role of historians in the classroom, what is known as promoting historical thinking, makes more sense. Thus, training teachers on how to develop historical thinking by active methodologies such as error-based learning (EBL) becomes necessary. Moreover, the traditional summative test does not demonstrate the assessment of the level of historical thinking. Nevertheless, technology enables formative assessment by different techniques and tools such as learning analytics (LA). Then, to analyse the potential of combining EBL and LA to foster and evaluate historical thinking can be interesting. To this end, in the present quantitative quasi-experimental study, the impact of EBL and LA to encourage and assess historical thinking skills have been analysed with 107 pre-service teachers. To this end, while 66 students worked with EBL with sources where errors were introduced in a controlled way, the other 41 students worked with the same unmodified sources. At the end of each session, LA was used to analyse the students’ level of knowledge in the six dimensions of historical thinking through interactive questionnaires. The results obtained show an improvement in the historical thinking of future teachers due to the use of EBL. Furthermore, it has been proven that the data obtained from the LA enables predicting the results obtained by the students in a later test. In this way, the usefulness of active methodologies such as EBL combined with LA in the training of future teachers in our area of knowledge contrasts with the methods currently used.
Maximum energy product of exchange-coupled Sm(FeCo)12/α-Fe nanocomposite particle
Authors: Uda Ryusei , Koike Kunihiro , Inaba Nobuyuki , Kato Hiroaki , Itakura Masaru , Okubo Susumu , Ohta Hitoshi , Tsuchiura Hiroki 
Published: February 2023

The effects of the coating surface orientation of the α-Fe soft magnetic layer on the Sm(Fe0.8Co0.2)12 hard magnetic phase and the volume fraction of α-Fe, VFe, on the maximum energy product, (BH)max of exchange-coupled Sm(Fe0.8Co0.2)12/α-Fe nanocomposite magnet particles were micromagnetics OOMMF package was systematically investigated. The (BH)max of the reference model, Sm(Fe0.8Co0.2)12 particles without Fe layer, was 630 kJ/m3. In contrast, in the nanocomposite magnet particle model with soft magnetic layers on both sides of the hard magnetic phase, (BH)max reached a maximum value of 657 kJ/m3 at VFe = 12% (Fe layer thickness, tFe = 2 nm). In the model with α-Fe coating on the top and bottom surfaces of the hard magnetic phase, (BH)max = 636 kJ/m3 at VFe = 4% (tFe = 2 nm). Furthermore, the coating of the soft magnetic phase on both sides of the hard phase particles reduces the magnitude of the demagnetizing field, Hd of the nanocomposite magnet particles, indicating that the side coating of the soft magnetic phase is effective in increasing (BH)max. These findings allow for a greater degree of freedom in the design of nanocomposite magnets by adjusting not only the VFe volume fraction of the hard/soft phases but also their arrangement.
Experimental study on friction-assisted electroforming of Ni-Co alloys
Authors: Zhang Yong , Qian Shuang-Qing , Fu Xin-Feng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Owing to the complexity of the electroforming mechanism, the structure of electroformed deposits is affected by many process parameters, and defects such as pinholes and nodules in electroformed deposits must be solved. In this study, the mechanism by which hard particles inhibit the formation of the above defects in the electroforming process of Ni-Co alloys was analyzed. Through the friction-assisted electroforming Ni-Co alloy tests, the effects of friction and current density on the hardness, texture and microstructure of the Ni-Co electroformed deposits were studied. The results show that the microhardness of the Ni-Co coatings obtained is between 651 HV and 669 HV with the increase of the cathode speed from 8 rpm to 512 rpm. When the cathode speed is 16rpm, the grain sizes of Ni-Co coatings increase with the increase of cathode current density from 2 A dm−2 to 8 A dm−2, and the microhardness of the coatings is between 672 HV and 590 HV.
Impact of fine particulate matter and toxic gases on the health of school children in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Shatabdi , Zaman Shahid Uz , Joy Khaled Shaifullah , Jeba Farah , Kumar Prashant , Salam Abdus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background. Air pollution exposure has a detrimental effect on children who spend more than 17% of their weekdays inside a school building. The purpose of this study is to look into the effects of particulate matter (PM) and toxic gases on health of the school children. Between April and November 2018, samples were collected in real time from ten different schools (both indoor and outdoor) over four hours on two consecutive days at each school. During the first two hours, when students were present in the classroom, measurements were conducted inside the classroom. After that the measurements were conducted outside the classroom but within the school premises - when students were playing on the playground or eating breakfast outside of classroom. Method. To evaluate the impact of air pollution, 250 students (on average 20 students from each school) aged from 9 to 12 were selected from ten schools. Automatic monitors (AEROCET 531S, USA) were employed to measure PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations. NO2, TVOC, and CO2 concentrations were measured using an AEROQUAL (500S, New Zealand), and the respiratory rate is measured by BSMI Peak Flow Meter (Made: BSMI, Origin: China). Monitors were placed at about 2.0 meters above the floor at breathing height and no student wore the sensors. The ANOVA test was conducted to see the statistical significance between air quality parameters and peak flow meter readings. Results. The mean ± standard deviation of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations were 19.1 ± 3.6, 34.2 ± 10.1, and 131.3 ± 58.6 μgm−3, respectively. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations exceeded WHO standards (15 and 45 μgm−3 of 24 h) by 2.3 and 2.9 times. The highest concentrations of toxic gases were found on school campuses where vehicle densities (measured manually) were high. The mean Hazard Quotient (HQ) for PM10 (2.5 ± 2.2 indoor; 3.6 ± 2.6 outdoor) and PM2.5 (1.8 ± 0.8 indoor; 1.9 ± 1.0 outdoor) among all participating students was >1 indicating an unacceptable risk for human health. Lung function associated with the PEF value has a negative correlation with PM1.0 and PM2.5 concentrations in most cases. Conclusions. The findings of this study are useful in gaining a general understanding of the school environment in Dhaka. It aimed to understand how children were personally exposed in school and to develop effective control strategies to mitigate negative effects.
Enhancement of CO2RR product formation on Cu-ZnO-based electrodes by varying ink formulation and post-treatment methods
Authors: Jaster Theresa , Albers Simon , Leonhard Armin , Kräenbring Mena-Alexander , Lohmann Heiko , Zeidler-Fandrich Barbara , Özcan Fatih , Segets Doris , Apfel Ulf-Peter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Numerous catalysts have been reported with enhanced performance, e.g. longer lifetime and improved selectivity, for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Respectively little is, however, known about the influence of the electrode structuring and pre-treatment on this reaction for catalytic layers. Thus, we herein report on the modification of the catalyst environment of a Cu-ZnO-carbon black catalyst by variation of the ink composition and subsequent electrode treatment before performing CO2RR. We furthermore provide insight into the impact of different solvents, ionomer, and additives like pore forming agents used for the ink preparation as well as post-treatment steps in terms of pressing and sintering of the generated electrodes on the CO2RR performance. Although using the same catalyst for all electrodes, remarkable differences in hydrophobicity, surface morphology, and electrochemical performance with respect to stability and product distribution were observed. Our study reveals the critical role of the catalytic layer assembly aside from using proper catalysts. We furthermore show that the parasitic hydrogen formation and flooding behavior can be lowered and C2+ product formation can be enhanced when operating in optimized gas diffusion electrodes.
A review on metallurgical features of hot-dip aluminized steel
Authors: Dey Partha Pratim , Sahu Shrishty , Banerjee Partha Sakha , Ghosh Manojit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Among the various surface modification processes, the hot-dip aluminizing process has increasingly evoked considerable attention. This method has proved to be commercially cost-effective and technically better than galvanizing. In contrast to hot-dip aluminized steel components, galvanized components cannot be used in service conditions at elevated temperatures. During the last few years, intensive research by researchers has yielded new insights into metallurgical aspects of aluminized coating in as-dipped and annealed condition. The present review gives a bird’s eye view of the hot-dip aluminizing process, from the early years of its inception to the current research on aspects of the aluminized coating. The progress of research on thermodynamic studies, phase equilibria, phase identification, and their crystallographic features have been traced in this attempt. This review is not restricted to briefing the research performed so far but also points out several issues of discrepancies among the results of the published literature. Special emphasis has been given to the phase development in the coating during annealing and the increasing horizon of application of hot-dip aluminizing to alloy steels in hot stamped conditions. Reference has also been made to state-of-the-art topics embracing the current research on computer simulation software and sophisticated experimental techniques. However, lower surface hardness and economy restrict the wide application of the hot-dipping process.
A numerical model for diesel engine SCR systems under different inlet NH3 distribution profiles
Authors: d’Apolito Luigi , Hong Hanchi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology is currently used to effectively reduce NOx emissions for diesel engines. The present study aims at building a three-dimensional numerical model to evaluate the NOx conversion efficiency and the NH3 slip in an SCR system, reducing the time and resources necessary for design and development process. A numerical model of an SCR system has been built to integrate species transport, heat transfer and flow characteristics along with kinetics of the chemical reactions. In order to systematically simulate situations where the concentration of NH3 at the inlet is not uniform, different NH3 inlet profiles have been built by using a Multivariate Gaussian Distribution and considering the maximum concentration in different locations. The effect of different geometries and NH3 distribution profiles on the NOx conversion efficiency and NH3 slip has been studied. The behaviour of the system at different inlet temperatures has been explored and the reaction rates in the monolith have been analysed. The study has been extended by studying the effect of different NH3/NO ratios to provide a more complete comparison between different designs. The numerical model has been found useful to take into account many aftertreatment system parameters during the design of an SCR system, maximize the NOx conversion efficiency by modifying the NH3/NO ratio while minimizing the NH3 slip, providing a comprehensive tool for the optimization of geometrical characteristics of an SCR system.
Effect of concentration and heat inputs on thermal conductvity of SiC/oil nanofluids
Authors: Srinivas T , Srinivas G 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The most significant physical property responsible for heat transfer is thermal conductivity. The fluids’ thermal conductivity is improved by the addition of nano powder with better thermal conductivity, which raises the fluid’s coefficient of heat transfer. So far, there is no detailed description of the SiC nanofluid thermal conductance investigation using different base fluids (Engine, Furnace and Transformer Oils) in the literature. The primary objective of in this analysis is to evaluate SiCnan nanofluid’s thermal conductivity in various basefluids (engine oil, furnace oil and transforming oil). The tests were conducted at various temperatures of 30 °C, 35 °C, 40 °C, 45 °C, 50 °C and 55 °C on nanofluid with specific volume fraction concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.2, 1.5, 1.75 and 2. The findings showed that the thermal conductivity boosted with the rise in concentration and temperature of SiC/Engine Oil, SiC/Furnace Oil, and SiC/Transformer Oil.
Central limit theorem for the principal eigenvalue and eigenvector of Chung–Lu random graphs
Authors: Dionigi Pierfrancesco , Garlaschelli Diego , Subhra Hazra Rajat , den Hollander Frank , Mandjes Michel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A Chung–Lu random graph is an inhomogeneous Erdős–Rényi random graph in which vertices are assigned average degrees, and pairs of vertices are connected by an edge with a probability that is proportional to the product of their average degrees, independently for different edges. We derive a central limit theorem for the principal eigenvalue and the components of the principal eigenvector of the adjacency matrix of a Chung–Lu random graph. Our derivation requires certain assumptions on the average degrees that guarantee connectivity, sparsity and bounded inhomogeneity of the graph.
Hardware optimization for photonic time-delay reservoir computer dynamics
Authors: Zhang Meng , Liang Zhizhuo , Huang Z Rena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Reservoir computing (RC) is one kind of neuromorphic computing mainly applied to process sequential data such as time-dependent signals. In this paper, the bifurcation diagram of a photonic time-delay RC system is thoroughly studied, and a method of bifurcation dynamics guided hardware hyperparameter optimization is presented. The time-evolution equation expressed by the photonic hardware parameters is established while the intrinsic dynamics of the photonic RC system is quantitively studied. Bifurcation dynamics based hyperparameter optimization offers a simple yet effective approach in hardware setting optimization that aims to reduce the complexity and time in hardware adjustment. Three benchmark tasks, nonlinear channel equalization (NCE), nonlinear auto regressive moving average with 10th order time lag (NARMA10) and Santa Fe laser time-series prediction tasks are implemented on the photonic delay-line RC using bifurcation dynamics guided hardware optimization. The experimental results of these benchmark tasks achieved overall good agreement with the simulated bifurcation dynamics modeling results.