bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photopatterned coumarin‐functionalized polymer dielectric for organic transistors and complementary inverters
Authors: Park Chang Hyun , Tarsoly Gergely , Park Dohyung , Pyo Seungmoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSolution‐processable and patternable polymer dielectrics are of great importance for the development of high‐performance flexible electronic devices, as the patterning process is essential to enhance performance and integration of devices. In this study, we report the photopatterning of a coumarin‐functionalized polymer gate dielectric, poly(7‐(4‐vinyl‐benzyloxyl)‐4‐methylcoumarin) (PVBMC), which was synthesized by introducing the photoreactive coumarin moiety in the position of the hydroxyl group of poly(4‐vinylphenol). Photopatterning of the PVBMC with a resolution of up to 50 μm was performed under ultraviolet light (365 nm) irradiation and the properties of the resulted photopatterned PVBMC were investigated. Pentacene (p‐type) and PTCDI‐C8 (n‐type) organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) with the patterned PVBMC were prepared. The resulting p‐ and n‐type OTFTs achieved maximum mobilities of 0.126 cm2/V/s and 1.15 × 10−3 cm2/V/s, respectively, with high operational stability. Organic complementary inverters were also demonstrated by integrating the p‐ and n‐type OTFTs on a single substrate. The resulting devices exhibited a gain (dVOUT/dVIN) of 12.6 and proper switching behavior up to 20 Hz. Our findings demonstrate the potential of this dielectric material for use in other flexible electronic applications.
Thermal transport properties of functionalized graphene/palmitic acid phase‐change composites: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Che Deyong , Zhang Shengxu , Gao Long , Sun Baizhong , Tong Xiaohui , Gegentana  
Published: May 2023

AbstractConsidering the importance of high‐performance composite phase change materials (PCMs) for the realization of efficient thermal energy storage, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted in this study to investigate the thermal properties of graphene/palmitic acid composites and the related interfacial thermal transport. The effects of the interactions between functionalized graphene and fatty acids on the thermal transport properties needs to be investigated further. The addition of functionalized graphene (with epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups) increased the phase transition temperature and decreased the specific heat capacity of the PCM, whereas both of these parameters increased with increasing functional group coverage (FGC). Further the effects of the FGC and functional group type on the interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) were investigated by analyzing the interaction energy and vibrational density of states, and the ITR decreased with increasing FGC. Compared to that of pure PA, the phase‐transition temperatures of the PA/pristine graphene composites were higher by ~7 K. The ability of functional groups to decrease the ITR decreased in the order of epoxy < hydroxyl < carboxyl at a constant FGC of 10.12%, with the ITR decreasing by 31.26%, 44.77%, and 56.41%, respectively. The obtained insights are expected to facilitate the design of high‐performance energy storage systems based on composites of fatty acids as PCMs.Highlights
Thermal transport in functionalized graphene/palmitic acid composites is studied.
Effects of functional group type/coverage on composite thermal properties are probed.
Molecular dynamics simulations are used for thermal property analysis.
The obtained insights promote the design of high‐performance phase‐change materials.
Portable near‐infrared and Raman spectroscopic devices as complementary tools for instantaneous quality control of turmeric powder
Authors: Cruz Jordi , Khongkaew Putthiporn , Bertotto Judit Puig , Cárdenas Vanessa , Alcalà Manel , Nuchtavorn Nantana , Rojsanga Piyanuch , Suwanvecho Chaweewan , Phechkrajang Chutima 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionProcess analytical technology (PAT) guidance is implemented in the quality assurance of phytocompounds to achieve the Industry 4.0 concept. Near‐infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopies are feasible for rapid, reliable quantitative analysis through transparent packaging without removing the samples from their original containers. These instruments can serve PAT guidance.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop online portable NIR and Raman spectroscopic methods for quantifying total curcuminoids in turmeric samples through a plastic bag. The method mimicked an in‐line measurement mode in PAT compared with placing samples into a glass vessel (at‐line mode).Materials and methodsSixty‐three curcuminoid standard‐spiked samples were prepared. Then, 15 samples were randomly selected as fixed validation samples, and 40 of the 48 remaining samples were chosen as calibration set. The results obtained from the partial least square regression (PLSR) models constructed by using the spectra acquired from NIR and Raman were compared with the reference values from high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).ResultsThe optimum PLSR model of at‐line Raman was achieved with three latent variables and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.46. Meanwhile, the PLSR model of at‐line NIR with one latent variable offered an RMSEP of 0.43. For the in‐line mode, PLSR models created from Raman and NIR spectra had one latent variable with RMSEP of 0.49 and 0.42, respectively. The R2 values for prediction were 0.88–0.92.ConclusionThe models established from the spectra from portable NIR and Raman spectroscopic devices with the appropriate spectral pretreatments allowed the determination of total curcuminoid contents through plastic bag.
Peroxidase‐mimicking activity of nanozymes‐loaded polymeric artificial organelles potentially active in acidic environment
Authors: Moreno Silvia , Alex Sonia , Fernandez Laia Lopez , Lappan Uwe , Boye Susanne , Voit Brigitte , Appelhans Dietmar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe design of compartments capable of carrying out biological reactions in a local space has provoked enormous interest by providing spatiotemporal and long‐term selective control of biological activity. On the other hand, the application of metal‐porphyrins in the field of biomedical science as nanozymes is gaining substantial importance. Porphyrins are the most widely studied tetrapyrrole‐based compounds because of their important roles in vital biological processes and they possess peculiar photochemical, photophysical, and photo/redox properties. Herein, we demonstrate the use of pH‐responsive and photo‐crosslinked polymersomes for loading β‐cyclodextrin‐Hemin complexes as potential peroxidase‐mimicking cavity. The loading of catalytic active centers into polymeric vesicles represents a simple and effective strategy for enzyme mimicry. Physicochemical and enzyme‐like properties are studied using a variety of characterization methods at different simulated microenvironments. This work offers an improvement of the aqueous solubility of the Hemin molecule, crucial for biomedical applications. In addition, these nanocompartments can be used as artificial radical‐producing and hydrogen peroxide‐consuming organelles, being able to replace cell functions in different microenvironments. Therefore, these artificial organelles, entrapping nanozymes, could provide promising synergistic and more personalized therapies on demand in modern nanomedicine.
Expedient discovery of novel oxime ester derivatives of piperine/piperine analogs as potent pesticide candidates and their mode of action against Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval
Authors: Lv Min , Li Shaochen , Wen Houpeng , Wang Yanyan , Du Jiawei , Xu Hui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDNowadays, pest infestation and resistance have appeared as a consequence of repeated and extensive use of pesticides. Thus, development of new effective pesticide candidates in crop protection is highly desirable. Herein, a series of new piperine derivatives containing oxime ester scaffolds were regioselectively and stereoselectively prepared as pesticidal agents.RESULTSSteric configurations of compounds 2, 5z and 13e were definitively determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Against Tetranychus cinnabarinus, notably, compounds 5f [median lethal concentration (LC50) = 0.14 mg mL−1] and 5v (LC50 = 0.13 mg mL−1) showed >107‐fold greater acaricidal activity than piperine (LC50 = 15.02 mg mL−1), which were comparable to the commercial acaricide spirodiclofen. Against Aphis citricola, compound 5d (LD50 = 19.12 ng aphid−1) exhibited 6.1‐fold more potent aphicidal activity than piperine (LD50 = 116.06 ng aphid−1). Additionally, through scanning electron microscopy, the toxicology study suggested that the acaricidal activity of piperine derivatives may be related to damage of the cuticle layer crest of T. cinnabarinus.CONCLUSIONThe structure–activity relationships suggested that 3,4‐dioxymethylene of piperine was crucial for its acaricidal activity; and introduction of a certain length of aliphatic chain at the C‐2 position was beneficial to the aphicidal and acaricidal activities. Compounds 5f and 5v are potential leads for further structural modification as acaricidal agents. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pitsubcosides A–L, highly esterified eudesmane sesquiterpenoid glycosides with antibacterial activity from Pittosporum subulisepalum and their mechanism
Authors: Guan Shengnan , Xia Jiankai , Huang Rong , Ding Jiaqi , Liu Xinzheng , Zhang Yufeng , Zhang Xiuyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlants from the genus Pittosporum are traditionally used as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral agents. A bioassay evaluation of the extract of Pittosporum subulisepalum revealed antibacterial activity. This study focused on the discovery of the antibacterial metabolism in P. subulisepalum, as well as the modes of action of its active components.RESULTSA chemical investigation of an ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of the aerial parts of P. subulisepalum led to the isolation of 12 previously undescribed eudesmane sesquiterpenoid glycoside esters (ESGEs), pitsubcosides A–L (1–12). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR, high‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, electronic circular dichroism spectra and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography analysis or by comparing with authentic samples. The new ESGEs were characterized by their highly esterified glycoside moieties. Among them, compounds 1–3, 5 and 8 showed a moderate inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) and Erwinia carotovora with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 3.13 to 100 μm. Among them, compounds 3 and 5 showed remarkable antibacterial activity against S. aureus and Psa with MIC values of 6.25 and 3.13 μm, respectively. Live bacterial mass and the biofilms of S. aureus and Psa were quantified using methyl tetrazolium and crystal violet assays. Fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy experiments revealed an antibacterial mechanism of cell membrane architectural disruption.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that ESGEs possess great potential for the development of antibacterial agents to control plant pathogens. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Changes in extreme precipitation in Taiwan's Mei‐yu season
Authors: Henny Lexi , Thorncroft Chris D. , Hsu Huang‐Hsiung , Bosart Lance F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh‐resolution Taiwan Climate Change Projection Information and Adaptation Knowledge Platform (TCCIP) gridded precipitation data are used to characterize days in the Mei‐yu season with the most extreme precipitation (EP). These “EP days” are grouped into weather types based on the presence of features such as tropical cyclones (TCs) and atmospheric rivers (ARs), then analyzed from the perspective of weather type frequency and synoptic changes. During the 1979–2019 period, EP days associated with ARs were associated with significant increasing trends in season‐total precipitation. These AR‐related precipitation increases are due to four events in 2005, 2006, 2012, and 2017 which had long duration and unusually intense precipitation, and which were anomalous even within the longer 1960–2019 time period. Meanwhile, TC‐related EP days contribute less precipitation than they did in the 1980s due to decreased frequency of TCs on EP days and in the Mei‐yu season climatology. Over the 1979–2019 period, the AR‐related and TC‐related trends combine to produce EP increases in western Taiwan and decreases in eastern Taiwan. Mei‐yu season southwesterly integrated vapor transport (IVT), wind speed, and specific humidity have all increased in association with these extreme events. Low‐level winds appear to the primary factor influencing the IVT increase, with increased moisture also contributing. The wind trends are consistent with climatological pressure increases south of Taiwan and decreases over the East Asian landmass, which facilitate a strengthened circulation in a corridor extending from the southern China coastline over Taiwan during this season.
Separation identification approach for the Hammerstein‐Wiener nonlinear systems with process noise using correlation analysis
Authors: Li Feng , Liang Mingjun , He Naibao , Cao Qingfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article develops a novel separation identification approach for the Hammerstein‐Wiener nonlinear systems with process noise using correlation analysis technique. The Hammerstein‐Wiener nonlinear systems have three parts, namely, an input nonlinear block, a linear block, and an output nonlinear block. The designed hybrid signals that consist of separable signal and random signal are devoted to achieving parameters separation identification of the Hammerstein‐Wiener nonlinear system, that is, the three blocks are identified independently. First, the characteristics of separable signals under the action of static nonlinear block are analyzed, and two groups of separable signals with amplitude relation are utilized to estimate parameters of output nonlinear block. Moreover, the linear block parameters are identified by using correlation analysis approach, which deals with effectively immeasurable problem of internal variable information. Finally, the data filtering technique is implemented to weaken the influence of noises, and filtering‐based recursive extended least squares algorithm is developed for figuring out the parameters of nonlinear block and colored noise model. The validity and accuracy of the proposed scheme are verified by two simulations, and simulation results exhibit that the proposed method can obtain higher identification precision and better robustness than the existing identification algorithms.
Corporate venture capital contributions to strategic renewal: Neglected paths and barriers
Authors: Danneels Erwin , Miller Danny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryVia a study of the corporate venture capital (CVC) unit of a multinational corporation, we examine how CVC contributes to strategic renewal. We find the commonly featured direct path to renewal to have limited impact as access to venture technology is constrained by key external institutional barriers. By contrast, we highlight a less studied, but potentially more important, indirect path: the unit's and hence the parent corporation's access to a high‐technology ecosystem. Obstacles on this path are internal and organizational: including challenges of integration, goal disparities, and competition for resources and credit between the CVC unit and corporate parent. The significance of the indirect path and revelation of understudied institutional and organizational barriers suggest new directions for rechanneling and contextualizing studies of CVC.Managerial SummaryWe studied the corporate venture capital (CVC) unit of a large multinational firm to discover how such investments can have strategic contributions to the parent firm. We found numerous obstacles in using technological knowledge from the ventures the unit invests in because of legal and reputation barriers against disseminating proprietary information. By contrast, opportunities abound from participating in an entrepreneurial ecosystem to which the CVC activities provide access. These expose the unit to the promises and challenges of emerging technologies and fields, providing important information the unit is free to share with the parent to guide strategic renewal. To do so, however, managers must overcome substantial organizational, political, and resource barriers between the CVC unit and the parent corporation.
CNTs Bridged Basal‐Plane‐Active 2H‐MoS2 Nanosheets for Efficient Robust Electrocatalysis
Authors: Yang Fan , Hu Ping , Yang Fairy Fan , Chen Bo , Yin Fei , Hao Ke , Sun Ruiyan , Gao Lili , Sun Zhehao , Wang Kuaishe , Yin Zongyou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract2D 2H‐phase MoS2 is promising for electrocatalytic applications because of its stable phase, rich edge sites, and large surface area. However, the pristine low‐conductive 2H‐MoS2 suffers from limited electron transfer and surface activity, which become worse after their highly likely aggregation/stacking and self‐curling during applications. In this work, these issues are overcome by conformally attaching the intercalation‐detonation‐exfoliated, surface S‐vacancy‐rich 2H‐MoS2 onto robust conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which electrically bridge bulk electrode and local MoS2 catalysts. The optimized MoS2/CNTs nanojunctions exhibit outstanding stable electroactivity (close to commercial Pt/C): a polarization overpotential of 79 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and the Tafel slope of 33.5 mV dec−1. Theoretical calculations unveil the metalized interfacial electronic structure of MoS2/CNTs nanojunctions, enhancing defective‐MoS2 surface activity and local conductivity. This work provides guidance on rational design for advanced multifaceted 2D catalysts combined with robust bridging conductors to accelerate energy technology development.
Use of environmental DNA to assess American Eel distribution, abundance, and barriers in a river–canal system
Authors: George Scott D. , Baldigo Barry P. , Rees Christopher B. , Bartron Meredith L. , Wiley John J. , Stich Daniel S. , Wells Scott M. , Winterhalter Dylan R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
The American Eel Anguilla rostrata historically was one of the most common fish species in Atlantic coast watersheds, but extensive dam construction and other factors caused a widespread population decline. One of the watersheds where American Eels have declined considerably is the Mohawk River in eastern and central New York. Recent attempts to characterize the distribution and abundance of American Eels in this watershed have been ineffective, and the extent to which a series of locks and dams on the Hudson River and lower Mohawk River limits use of the watershed is unclear.

Methods
We developed a model between environmental DNA (eDNA) quantity and American Eel abundance in the Hudson River watershed in which the DNA concentration in water samples explained up to 65% of the variability in eel density and 56% of the variability in eel biomass. We then used this relationship to interpret eDNA data collected twice from 36 sites across the Mohawk River watershed in 2021 and make inferences about the distribution and abundance of American Eels.

Result
American Eel DNA was detected almost exclusively in the downstream-most 4 km of the Mohawk River within a series of barriers. The concentration of DNA was reduced by approximately 80% across each successive upstream barrier before becoming too low to detect consistently. Our data suggest that eel population density was high in the Hudson River estuary and declined rapidly in the lower Mohawk River, and the species was nearly absent or undetectable in the Mohawk River and its tributaries upstream of the Crescent Dam and the Waterford Flight of Locks.

Conclusion
Barriers appear to be largely restricting American Eels from using over 99% of the Mohawk River watershed. Therefore, improvements in fish passage at dams and hydroelectric facilities in the region could help the American Eel to regain access to this part of its native range.
Leptophilic gauge bosons at lepton beam dump experiments
Authors: Moroi Takeo , Niki Atsuya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It has been recently known that we can use beams of future lepton colliders, the International Linear Collider (ILC), the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), and the muon collider, for beam dump experiment if a shield and a detector are installed behind the beam dump. We study the prospect of searching for leptophilic gauge bosons (LGBs) in association with $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_e-{L}_{\mu }} $$
U

1

L
e

−

L
μ

, $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_e-{L}_{\tau }} $$
U

1

L
e

−

L
τ

, and $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
U

1

L
μ

−

L
τ

gauge symmetries at such lepton beam dump experiments. We perform a detailed calculation of the number of the LGB events, taking into account bremsstrahlung and pair-annihilation processes. We show that the lepton beam dump experiments at future lepton colliders can reach parameter regions which have not been covered.
Predictive value and accuracy of [18F]FDG PET/CT modified response criteria for checkpoint immunotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma
Authors: Ayati Narjess , Jamshidi-Araghi Zahra , Hoellwerth Magdalena , Schweighofer-Zwink Gregor , Hitzl Wolfgang , Koelblinger Peter , Pirich Christian , Beheshti Mohsen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in metastatic melanoma and dramatically alter the treatment of these patients. Given the high cost and potential toxicity, a reliable method for evaluating treatment response is needed. In this study, we assessed tumor response in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with ICIs using three modified response criteria: PET Response Evaluation Criteria for Immunotherapy (PERCIMT), PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors for up to Five Lesions (PERCIST5), and immunotherapy-modified PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors for up to Five Lesions (imPERCIST5).

Methods
Ninety-one patients with non-resectable stage IV metastatic melanoma who received ICIs were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Each patient had two [18F]FDG PET/CT scans performed before and after ICI therapy. Responses at the follow-up scan were evaluated according to PERCIMT, PERCIST5, and imPERCIST5 criteria. Patients were classified into four groups: complete metabolic response (CMR), partial metabolic response (PMR), progressive metabolic disease (PMD), and stable metabolic disease (SMD). To assess the “disease control rate,” two groups have been defined based on each criterion: patients with CMR, PMR, and SMD as “disease-controlled group (i.e., responders)” and PMD as the “uncontrolled-disease group (i.e., non-responders)”. The correspondence between metabolic tumor response defined by these criteria and clinical outcome was assessed and compared.

Results
The response and the disease control rates were 40.7% and 71.4%, 41.8% and 50.5%, and 54.9% and 74.7% based on the PERCIMT, PERCIST5, and imPERCIST5 criteria, respectively. PERCIMT and imPERCIST5 showed significantly different disease control rates from that of PERCIST5 (P < 0.001), whereas it was not significant between PERCIMT and imPERCIST5. Overall survival was significantly longer in the metabolic responder groups than in the non-responder groups based on PERCIMT and PERCIST5 criteria (PERCIMT: 2.48 versus 1.47 years, P = 0.003; PERCIST5: 2.57 versus 1.81 years. P = 0.017). However, according to imPERCIST5 criterion, this difference was not observed (P = 0.12).

Conclusion
Although the appearance of new lesions can be secondary to an inflammatory response to ICIs and indicative of pseudoprogression, given the higher rate of true progression, the appearance of new lesions should be interpreted deliberately. Of the three assessed modified criteria, PERCIMT appear to provide more reliable metabolic response assessment that correlates strongly with overall patient survival.