bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary differences in residential housing values along historic redlining boundaries
Authors: Joshi Aakrit , Horn Brady P. , Berrens Robert P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRedlining refers to discriminatory lending practices based on the demographic composition of neighborhoods. The term is often attributed to boundaries drawn on maps by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) in the 1930s to represent the perceived credit risk of neighborhoods. Combined with other discriminatory actions, redlining restricted access to mortgage financing for racial minorities, and areas subject to historic redlining practices still exhibit worse outcomes on various socio‐economic dimensions. This study examines contemporary differences in residential housing values along historic redlined boundaries. Boundary fixed effects models are constructed using contemporary property sale data for Seattle, WA and Richmond, VA from 2000 to 2018. Results indicate that properties inside a redlined boundary continue to sell at significantly discounted prices compared to houses across the redlined border. Further investigation, using historic data from the 1930s and 1940s, finds that there was also a large and significant historic difference in housing values across the redlined boundaries at that time, including before the advent of HOLC maps. This suggests that contemporary differences in housing values are likely not a direct effect of HOLC maps but rather depict the lingering effect of broader redlining and discriminatory practices that existed before the advent of these maps.
Serum immunoglobulin G level reduction is a predictor of short‐term improvement in patients with myasthenia gravis undergoing plasmapheresis
Authors: Konno Shingo , Fujioka Toshiki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the serological factors in predicting symptom improvement in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients who underwent plasmapheresis (PP).MethodsThe relationship between symptom improvement and change in immunoglobin G (IgG) and acetylcholine receptor antibody (AchR‐Ab) levels in 21 MG patients after PP was analyzed.ResultsPatients were divided into two groups: the favorable (n = 11) or unfavorable (n = 10) response groups around the median MG composite improvement rate (50 [29, 56]%) 2 weeks after a PP course. In all patients, the IgG reduction rate before and after PP was higher in the favorable than the unfavorable response group. In AChR‐Ab‐positive patients, IgG and AChR‐Ab reduction rates were higher in the favorable than the unfavorable response group.ConclusionIgG reduction rate is a predictor of symptom improvement in MG patients who underwent PP.
A modified CVaR‐based interval coordination model for economic benefit and pollutant discharge
Authors: Wang Faqiang , Fu Xiang , Liu Shuangjun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a modified conditional value‐at‐risk interval two‐stage stochastic programming coordination model (MCITSP) for water allocation and illustrates its advantages in risk aversion and pollution control. We analyze its performance in maintaining the equity of water use in various sectors, which is specifically reflected in the water satisfaction of multiple users. In this paper, the MCITSP model and original ITSP model are applied to the case of the Hanjiang River Basin, and three scenarios of water availability are set up to provide theoretical support for water allocation. Our results show that the MCITSP model with a higher risk coefficient has a stronger ability to avoid risks. The MCITSP model simultaneously controls pollutant discharge and guarantees economic benefits, making it superior to the ITSP model under different scenarios. Water shortages primarily affect the agricultural sector, due to its high water demand and low economic value, and the MCITSP model plays a positive role in maintaining equity and coordinating water conflicts among multiple users. Managers can choose appropriate model parameters according to their preferences to formulate more reasonable decisions.
Global Development Governance 2.0: Fractured accountabilities in a divided governance complex
Authors: Haug Sebastian , Taggart Jack 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe proliferation of state and non‐state actors, along with increasing institutional complexity, has led to a qualitative shift in Global Development Governance (GDG) towards what we term ‘GDG 2.0’. Realising accountability in this context presents challenges due to growing actor diversity, institutional plurality and a lack of formalised accountability structures. Building on the introduction to this special section, we explore the potential of ‘forward‐looking’ approaches to accountability, notably collective deliberation, learning and competition. Despite the importance of these mechanisms for GDG processes, conceptualising them as accountability tools may have limited gains and indeed reinforce the preferences of established actors, dilute useful monitoring approaches and divert attention from longstanding agendas. We argue that prioritising enabling environments for more circumscribed ‘backward‐looking’ accountability—with a focus on standard‐setting and monitoring—may be more feasible and effective towards holding decision‐makers to account within the GDG 2.0 context.
Examining the validity of the drinking motives questionnaire for identifying reward and relief drinking subgroups in college students
Authors: Hebden H. M. , Votaw V. R. , Herchenroeder L. , Witkiewitz K. , Yeung E. W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeavy alcohol use in college is associated with a risk of developing alcohol use disorder. Characterizing variability in individual risk factors for alcohol use could help mitigate risk by informing personalized approaches to prevention. This study examined the validity of a brief measure for identifying reward/relief drinking phenotypes in non‐treatment‐seeking young adults.MethodsCollege students (n = 454) who reported binge drinking completed the Drinking Motives Questionnaire‐Revised‐Short Form (DMQ‐R‐SF). Confirmatory factor and latent profile analyses (CFA; LPA) of the DMQ‐R‐SF were performed to assess structural validity and identify reward/relief drinking subgroups. We compared models measuring reward drinking with the DMQ‐R‐SF enhancement motives (reward‐enhancement) subscale to models measuring reward drinking with enhancement and social motives (reward‐enhancement/social). Across models, relief drinking was measured with coping motives. We examined associations between reward/relief drinking subgroups and alcohol and personality variables concurrently and prospectively at a 6‐week follow‐up.ResultsA two‐factor reward and relief structure of the DMQ‐R‐SF was supported. Three latent profiles were identified (low reward/low relief: n = 133, high reward/low relief: n = 249; high reward/high relief: n = 72). Both CFA and LPA models that utilized reward‐enhancement/social items indicated a better fit than reward‐enhancement items alone. At baseline, individuals in the high‐reward/high‐relief profile demonstrated the poorest alcohol use outcomes and higher negative affect. Those in the high‐reward/low‐relief profile demonstrated greater alcohol use severity than those in the low‐reward/low‐relief profile. Prospectively, individuals classified in the high‐reward/low‐relief subgroup reported greater binge drinking frequency and those in the high‐reward/high‐relief profile reported greater alcohol consequences.ConclusionsThe DMQ‐R‐SF is a valid measure for identifying reward and relief drinking subgroups in college students with binge drinking and could have utility for precision prevention efforts that target individuals in the high‐reward/low‐relief and high‐reward/high‐relief subgroups.
Association between glycemic control and group B streptococcus colonization among pregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes
Authors: Field Christine , Bank T. Caroline , Spees Colleen K. , Germann Katherine , Landon Mark B. , Gabbe Steven , Grobman William A , Costantine Maged M , Venkatesh Kartik K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProblemPregestational diabetes increases the risk of group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnancy. Whether glycemic control is associated with differences in this risk is unknown. We examined the association between glycemic control and GBS colonization among pregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes.Method of studyA retrospective cohort of pregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes at a tertiary care center. The exposure was glycemic control, measured as hemoglobin A1c (A1c) at >20 weeks and assessed categorically at thresholds of <6.5% and <6.0%, and secondarily, as a continuous percentage. The outcome was maternal GBS colonization. Multivariable logistic regression was used and adjusted for age, parity, race, and ethnicity as a social determinant, body mass index, type of diabetes, and gestational age at A1c assessment.ResultsAmong 305 individuals (33% Type 1, 67% type 2), 45.0% (n = 140) were colonized with GBS. Individuals with an A1c < 6.5% were half as likely to be colonized with GBS compared with those with a A1c ≥ 6.5% (38.8% vs. 53.9%; adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.33–0.91). Results were unchanged at an A1c threshold of <6.0% (35.7% vs. 48.5%; AOR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.36–0.98). Individuals with a higher A1c as a continuous measure (%) were more likely to be colonized (AOR: 1.57 per 1%; 95% CI: 1.25–1.97).ConclusionsPregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes with worse glycemic control were at an increased risk of GBS colonization. Further study is needed to understand if improved glycemic control leads to lower risk of GBS colonization.
BSV163/DOPE‐mediated TRAIL gene transfection acts synergistically with chemotherapy against cisplatin‐resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Manh , Dupré Pierre‐François , Berchel Mathieu , Ghanem Rosy , Jaffrès Paul‐Alain , d'Arbonneau Frédérique , Montier Tristan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOvarian cancer is the seventh most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Most patients experience recurrence and succumb eventually to resistant disease, underscoring the need for an alternative treatment option. In the presented manuscript, we investigated the effect of the TRAIL‐gene, transfected by an innovative bioinspired lipid vector BSV163/DOPE in the presence or absence of cisplatin, to fight against sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer. We showed that BSV163/DOPE can transfect ovarian cancer cell lines (Caov3, OVCAR3, and our new cisplatin‐resistant, CR‐Caov3) safely and efficiently. In addition, TRAIL‐gene transfection in association with cisplatin inhibited cellular growth more efficiently (nearly 50% in Caov3 cells after the combined treatment, and 15% or 25% by each treatment alone, respectively) owing to an increase in apoptosis rate, caspases activity and TRAIL's death receptors expression. Most importantly, such synergistic effect was also observed in CR‐Caov3 cells demonstrated by an apoptosis rate of 35% following the combined treatment in comparison with 17% after TRAIL‐gene transfection or 6% after cisplatin exposition. These results suggest this combination may have potential application for sensitive as well as refractory ovarian cancer patients.
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms in a paediatric population: Interest of skin tests
Authors: Ben Romdhane Haifa , Fadhel Najah Ben , Chadli Zohra , Chaabane Amel , Benzarti Wiem , Fredj Nadia Ben , Aouam Karim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe adverse drug reaction. It is uncommon in the paediatric population and can be difficult to diagnose as its initial symptoms may mimic a viral infection.ObjectiveTo analyse the features of paediatric DRESS and to evaluate the interest of skin tests in identifying the causative drugs.MethodsIt is a retrospective analysis (2004–2021) of DRESS cases diagnosed in paediatric patients. The DRESS diagnosis was defined using the RegiSCAR scoring. The skin tests were performed according to the ENDA recommendations.ResultsWe included 19 cases of DRESS occurred in 18 patients. Common clinical symptoms were exanthema and fever in 94.7% of cases each. The most commonly affected organ was the liver (84.2%). Among the implicated drugs, 16 were tested and skin tests were positive in 75%. To assess cross‐reactivity and co‐sensitization, skin tests with related and/or co‐administered drugs were performed in eight patients. Among them, only one child had positive results.ConclusionEarly diagnosis of DRESS and discontinuation of the incriminated drug might reduce the incidence of mortality in the paediatric population. Skin tests could be a safe and useful tool to identify the causative drug and assess cross‐reactivity.
AFF4 regulates osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells via mTOR‐ULK1‐autophagy axis
Authors: Zhu Li , Wang Jiahe , Wu Zuping , Chen Sirui , He Yuying , Jiang Yukun , Luo Guowen , Wu Zhuoxuan , Li Yuyu , Xie Jing , Zou Shujuan , Zhou Chenchen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractScaffold protein AF4/FMR2 family member 4 (AFF4) has been found to play a role in osteogenic commitment of stem cells. However, function of AFF4 in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) has not been studied yet. This present study aims to investigate the biological effect of AFF4 on osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs and potential mechanistic pathway. First, AFF4 expression profile was evaluated in conditions of periodontitis and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by immunohistochemical staining, western blot and qRT‐PCR. Next, si‐RNA mediated knockdown and lentiviral transduction mediated overexpression of AFF4 were adopted to explore impact of AFF4 on osteogenic capacity of hPDLSCs. Then, possible mechanistic pathway was identified. At last, pharmacological agonist of autophagy, rapamycin, was utilized to affirm the role of autophagy in AFF4‐regulated osteogenesis of hPDLSCs. First, AFF4 expressions were significantly lower in inflamed periodontal tissues and lipopolysaccharides‐treated hPDLSCs than controls, and were up‐regulated during osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. Next, osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs was impaired by AFF4 knockdown and potentiated by AFF4 overexpression. Moreover, AFF4 was found to positively regulate autophagic activity in hPDLSCs. At last, rapamycin treatment was shown to be able to partly restore AFF4 knockdown‐suppressed osteogenic differentiation. Our study demonstrates that AFF4 regulates osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs via targeting autophagic activity. The involvement of AFF4 in periodontal homeostasis was identified for the first time.
Seek and you shall find—news on the quest for novel PET‐degrading enzymes
Authors: Faber Anna , Fritz Georg 
Published: September 2023

Plastic‐degrading enzymes hold immense potential for eco‐friendly recycling methods. However, the catalytic rates of current enzymes do not stack up against the mammoth task of degrading millions of tons of plastic waste per year. In the quest for more efficient polyethylene terephthalate (PET)‐degrading enzymes, Zhang et al. report the discovery and characterization of PET40, a versatile PET‐hydrolyzing esterase that is divergent from most characterized PETases. While PET40 has comparably low hydrolytic activity on PET, Zhang et al. demonstrate its broad activity on an expanded substrate pool. This sheds light on the potential ecological role of these esterases and suggests that PET might be only a recent addition to their substrate spectrum.
Direct and indirect estimates of dispersal support strong juvenile philopatry and male‐biased dispersal in a freshwater turtle species (Emys orbicularis)
Authors: Fay Rémi , Ficheux Sébastien , Béchet Arnaud , Besnard Aurélien , Crochet Pierre‐André , Leblois Raphaël , Crivelli Alain , Wattier Rémi , Olivier Anthony 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Dispersal has major impacts on population dynamics, population genetics and evolution, and also is critical for population management and conservation. Dispersal is frequently sex‐ and age‐specific, but current knowledge is strongly taxonomically biased toward birds and mammals.

Here, we provide estimates of dispersal in a threatened freshwater turtle species, the European pond turtle Emys orbicularis. Based on 15 years of capture‐mark‐recapture (CMR) monitoring and DNA samples from 194 individuals, we quantified both demographic and genetic dispersal between three sites separated by 1.5–3.5 km. We also investigated the effect of age and sex on dispersal.

Direct (CMR) and indirect (genetic) approaches provided consistent results, showing that the studied sites are connected with a flow of about one to three dozen migrants per generation. Dispersal was both age‐ and sex‐biased in this species, with frequent dispersal of adult males and a strong philopatry of juveniles (of both sexes) and adult females.

The network of canals and marshes allow effective dispersal to occur among the three study sites despite the relatively large distance separating them (≤3.5 km).

The strong philopatry of juveniles contrasts with the frequently higher dispersal rate in young birds and mammals and shows the relevance of investigating dispersal in various taxonomic groups. Our results provide useful information for the conservation of European pond turtle populations.
Upward migration of calanoid copepods is driven by high food quality in surface waters in an alpine lake
Authors: Cui Suzhen , Ding Ruirui , Wang Qianhong , Li Yun , Chen Feizhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The diel vertical migration of zooplankton includes downward migration to deep water during the day and upward migration to surface water at night. Diurnal downward migration has been well explained; zooplankton migration to surface water at night remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the reason of the nocturnal upward migration of the calanoid copepod Arctodiaptomus sp. In Lake Heihai, an alpine lake (elevation 4,090 m above sea level) without predators.

Herein, we present the vertical profiles of the lake, including water temperature, chlorophyll a (Chl‐a), fatty acids, and astaxanthin synthesis precursors (ASPs) of seston in the water column. The distributions and concentrations of fatty acids and astaxanthin in Arctodiaptomus sp. were characterised through field investigations during the day and at night. Meanwhile, the effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on ASPs in seston was explored through indoor experiments.

Lake Heihai had the characteristics of low temperature, low food availability, high transparency, and high UVR intensity. Arctodiaptomus sp. was distributed in water layers below 6 m during the day and throughout the water column at night. Arctodiaptomus sp. accumulated large amounts of fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation–astaxanthin in the cold alpine lake. The concentrations of lutein, a kind of ASP, and PUFAs in seston were highest in surface waters. The indoor experiment verified that UVR can enhance the synthesis of ASP.

The calanoids migrated to surface waters at night to obtain ASPs and PUFAs in seston, which were at high concentrations in surface waters. PUFAs and ASP may be of high food quality for zooplankton in alpine lakes. The findings indicated that the upward migration of Arctodiaptomus sp. at night was driven by the high quality of food sources (PUFAs and ASP) in surface waters. Arctodiaptomus sp. adapts behaviour and physiology to the environment of the alpine lake.

We explored why zooplankton migrated to surface waters at night from the perspective of their physiological characteristics and adaptability to the environment. Our findings provide a new way to investigate the diel vertical migration of zooplankton, especially in alpine lakes.
Effect of frozen hot‐boned meat and myofibrillar protein on physicochemical properties of phosphate‐free emulsion‐type meat
Authors: Kim Yea‐Ji , Kim Yun Jeong , Kim Tae‐Kyung , Shin Dong‐Min , Lee Jae‐Hoon , Choi Yoo‐Jung , Jung Samooel , Choi Yun‐Sang 
Published: September 2023

SummaryPhosphate serves as a food additive to improve the emulsion properties and texture parameters of meat products, yet excessive ingestion could be harmful to the health. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the combined effects of hot‐boned meat, freezing and myofibrillar protein supplementation on the physicochemical properties of phosphate‐free emulsion‐type sausage. Freezing hot‐boned meat and adding myofibrillar protein enhanced pH, protein solubility and thermal stability, which reduced cooking losses (9.50%–15.48%) and enhanced emulsion stability, resulting in a positive effect on the rheological and texture profiles of the phosphate‐free emulsion‐type sausage. In particular, the sausage prepared with frozen hot‐boned meat and myofibrillar protein addition exhibited the highest hardness value (39.60 N), and its physical properties were almost identical to the positive control. Accordingly, hot‐boned meat, freezing and myofibrillar protein incorporation could enhance the quality of phosphate‐free meat products. This study highlights promising avenues for improving meat products to meet consumer preferences.
Effects of proteases on textural softening and changes in physical property of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) during the iced storage
Authors: Chanchi Prashanthkumar Mallikarjun , Temdee Wattana , Suyapoh Watcharapol , Sornying Peerapon , Palamae Suriya , Patil Umesh , Ma Lukai , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: September 2023

SummaryRapid softening of texture is a major problem associated with quality loss and consumer rejection of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla raphidea) (HMS). Effects of endogenous proteases in muscles and digestive tract on protein degradation and softening were investigated. Scanning electron microscopic and histological images indicated drastic destruction of muscle during iced storage. Based on autolysis, maximal activity was found at pH 8.5 and 55 °C, and serine proteases including trypsin were dominant. Cathepsin B and L + B in muscle were altered throughout storage, while trypsin remained constant in HMS meat for 1–3 days. Firmness and toughness decreased and coincided with augmented degradation of myofibrillar proteins and collagen. Trypsin from the digestive tract was contaminated into the abdomen during iced storage, therefore inducing drastic hydrolysis of muscle proteins. This phenomenon caused the undesirable pasty/mushy texture associated with the loss in firmness and toughness of meat within 3 days of storage.
Changes in bioactive compounds during solid‐state fermentation of Sphenarium purpurascens with Aspergillus oryzae
Authors: Pérez‐Rodríguez Elizabeth , Reyes‐Herrera Alicia , Ibarra‐Herrera Celeste C. , Pérez‐Carrillo Esther 
Published: September 2023

SummarySolid‐state fermentation (SSF) can improve the availability of nutrients in food products by converting complex molecules into simpler ones with the help of microorganisms. The present research focuses on using the fungi Aspergillus oryzae in SSF to ferment grasshoppers (Sphenarium purpurascens). The fermentation was carried out for 8 days, and kinetic growth, enzyme, and bioactive compound (TPC, ABTS, and DPPH) production were monitored. Second order equation modelled the growth of A. oryzae on a grasshopper substrate. During fermentation, a protein increase of 50% was obtained after day 4. TPC, ABTS, DPPH scavenging activity percentage, β‐glucan, and amylase activity increased 116%, 70%, 10%, 380%, and 629.6% at 8, 0.5, 3, 4, and 7 days, respectively, as maximum during fermentation. Results herein clearly indicate that A. oryzae could use S. purpurascens as a substrate in SSF to produce enzymes and bioactive compounds of industrial and nutritional interest.