bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delamination of rotator cuff tears impairs healing after repair: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liang Junwen , Liang Qianrun , Wang Xihao , Yang Zhitao , Liu Tao , Zhang Borong , Yang Xudong , Fang Sen , Daoji Cairang , Yun Xiangdong , Jiang Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare the clinical outcomes and retear rates after rotator cuff repair (RCR) between delaminated and non‐delaminated tears.MethodsThis systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses guidelines using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, the Web of Science and Embase databases. Only articles on arthroscopic RCR with clinical outcome scores and data on the number of rotator cuff retears and complete healing were included. This study’s relevant data were extracted and statistically analyzed. The methodological index for nonrandomized studies was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. After conducting a heterogeneity test and sensitivity analysis to determine whether the samples were heterogeneous, the study also detected publication bias. A sub‐group test was used to evaluate the influences of the imaging follow‐up period on retear rates.ResultsTen eligible articles were identified with 2,061 patients (925 in the delaminated group and 1,136 in the non‐delaminated group). The meta‐analysis demonstrated that delamination was significantly associated with higher retear rates (P = 0.026; odds ratio = 1.873, 95% confidence interval 1.079–3.252; I2 = 51.6%) with an imaging follow‐up period of > 1 year and lower rates of complete healing (P = 0.036; odds ratio = 0.659, 95% confidence interval 0.446–0.973; I2 = 9.0%) in patients after rotator cuff repair. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups based on American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Constant score, visual analog scale score, external rotation, internal rotation, or forward elevation.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis found that delamination was significantly associated with higher retear rates with imaging follow‐up period of > 1 year, and lower rates of complete healing. In addition, the preoperative and postoperative clinical scores and shoulder joint range of motion were similar between patients with delaminated and non‐delaminated tears.Level of evidenceLevel IV.
Polarize, catalyze, and stabilize: how a minority of norm internalizers amplify group selection and punishment
Authors: Odouard Victor Vikram , Smirnova Diana , Edelman Shimon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany mechanisms behind the evolution of cooperation, such as reciprocity, indirect reciprocity, and altruistic punishment, require group knowledge of individual actions. But what keeps people cooperating when no one is looking? Conformist norm internalization, the tendency to abide by the behavior of the majority of the group, even when it is individually harmful, could be the answer. In this paper, we analyze a world where (1) there is group selection and punishment by indirect reciprocity, but (2) many actions (half) go unobserved and therefore unpunished. Can norm internalization fill this “observation gap” and lead to high levels of cooperation, even when agents may in principle cooperate only when likely to be caught and punished? Specifically, we seek to understand whether adding norm internalization to the strategy space in a public goods game can lead to higher levels of cooperation when both norm internalization and cooperation start out rare. We found the answer to be positive, but, interestingly, not because norm internalizers end up making up a substantial fraction of the population, nor because they cooperate much more than other agent types. Instead, norm internalizers, by polarizing, catalyzing, and stabilizing cooperation, can increase levels of cooperation of other agent types, while only making up a minority of the population themselves.Significance statementWhat keeps people cooperating when no one is looking? Group selection favoring cooperative groups does not require observers, but often works best when there is some other norm enforcement mechanism to supplement it. But most norm enforcement mechanisms require observers in order to function. Here, we examine whether norm internalization could fill this enforcement gap, by acting as an “internal enforcer” of norms. Perhaps surprisingly, we discovered in our simulations that the population of norm internalizers always remained quite small, and norm internalizers did not necessarily cooperate more than other agent types. Nevertheless, under certain conditions, they were able to spark significantly higher mean levels of cooperation, by causing other agents to cooperate more—partly by setting off bouts of high cooperation after periods of very low cooperation, and partly by helping maintain those bouts of high cooperation for longer.
Impact of formalin fixation on mismatch repair protein evaluation by immunohistochemistry
Authors: Grillo Federica , Ali Murad , Paudice Michele , Pigozzi Simona , Anselmi Giorgia , Scabini Stefano , Sciallero Stefania , Piol Nataniele , Mastracci Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMismatch repair/microsatellite instability (MMR/MSI) status in colorectal cancer (CRC) has become fundamental as a diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive factor. MMR immunohistochemistry (IHC) is considered a simple and reliable approach; however, its effectiveness depends on pre-analytic factors. Aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different fixation times/protocols on MMR protein IHC quality. Left over tissue from surgically resected CRC samples (cold ischemia time < 30 min) where fixed as follows: standard formalin fixation (24–48 h); hypo-fixation (<20 h); hyper-fixation (>90 h); cold (4°C) fixation (24–48 h); standard fixation for small sample size (0.5×0.5 cm). Samples for each group were collected from 30 resected CRC and the following parameters were evaluated on 600 immunohistochemical stains: intensity of expression; patchiness of staining; presence of central artefact. Forty-six immunoreactions were inadequate (score 0 intensity), the majority regarding MLH1 or PMS2 in the hypo-fixation group (47.8%), followed by the hyper-fixation group (28.1%); cold formalin fixation showed the least inadequate cases. Patchiness and central artefact were more frequent in hypo-fixation and standard fixation group compared to the others. MLH1 (closely followed by PMS2) performed worse with regard to immunostaining intensity (p=0.0002) in the standard and in the hypo-fixation group (p< 0.00001). Using a small sample size improved patchiness/central artefacts. This is the first study specifically created to evaluate the impact of fixation on MMR protein IHC, showing that both formalin hypo- and hyper-fixation can cause problems; 24-h formalin fixation as well as cold (4°C) formalin fixation are recommended for successful IHC MMR evaluation.
Revisiting the computation of the critical points of the Keplerian distance
Authors: Gronchi Giovanni F. , Baù Giulio , Grassi Clara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the Keplerian distance d in the case of two elliptic orbits, i.e., the distance between one point on the first ellipse and one point on the second one, assuming they have a common focus. The absolute minimum $$d_{\textrm{min}}$$

d
min

of this function, called MOID or orbit distance in the literature, is relevant to detect possible impacts between two objects following approximately these elliptic trajectories. We revisit and compare two different approaches to compute the critical points of $$d^2$$

d
2

, where we squared the distance d to include crossing points among the critical ones. One approach uses trigonometric polynomials, and the other uses ordinary polynomials. A new way to test the reliability of the computation of $$d_{\textrm{min}}$$

d
min

is introduced, based on optimal estimates that can be found in the literature. The planar case is also discussed: in this case, we present an estimate for the maximal number of critical points of $$d^2$$

d
2

, together with a conjecture supported by numerical tests.
Climate change information tailored to the agricultural sector in Central Europe, exemplified on the region of Lower Franconia
Authors: Paeth Heiko , Schönbein Daniel , Keupp Luzia , Abel Daniel , Bangelesa Freddy , Baumann Miriam , Büdel Christian , Hartmann Christian , Kneisel Christof , Kobs Konstantin , Krause Julian , Krech Martin , Pollinger Felix , Schäfer Christian , Steininger Michael , Terhorst Birgit , Ullmann Tobias , Wilde Martina , Ziegler Katrin , Zimanowski Bernd , Baumhauer Roland , Hotho Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a growing societal, economic, and political demand to translate available data on regional climate change into sector-specific, practice-oriented, and user-friendly information. The study presents a demand-driven approach to specify the impacts of regional climate change on agriculture, viticulture, and fruit and vegetable growing in Lower Franconia, southern Germany, a region with heterogeneous topography, diversified land use patterns, and intense activities in the sectors specified above. The approach is based on an ensemble of high-resolution regional climate model projections, a bias correction tool, and a large spectrum of meteorological (extreme) indicators that are crucial to the agricultural sector in Central Europe, as inferred from a stakeholder survey.For several decades, Lower Franconia represents a hotspot region of climate change with enhanced heat waves, prolonged droughts, and intermittent local flooding by heavy rainfall events. Results of the high-resolution regional climate model projections indicate an increase of hot days and tropical nights by a factor of 5 and 12, respectively, if greenhouse gas emissions continue to grow until 2100 according to the RCP8.5 emission scenario. At the same time, droughts will occur more frequently and last longer while rainfall intensity enhances. A longer growing period starting more than 40 days earlier (compared to the reference period 1970 to 1999) implies a higher risk of late frost damage for crops, fruits, grapes, and even some tree species. In contrast, the thermal prerequisites for viticulture will be satisfied across the entire region, even at higher-elevation sites. These facets of regional climate change are made accessible to users and the public via an interactive field-resolving web portal. Altogether, they gravely challenge the historically developed land use systems in Lower Franconia and require timely adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Restoration of vision by combined experimental antithymocyte therapy, and orbital radiation with high-dose steroids for severe, acute, steroid-refractory, congestive thyroid orbitopathy
Authors: Sarnat-Kucharczyk Monika , Pojda-Wilczek Dorota , Świerkot Maria , Kulawik Grażyna , Mrukwa-Kominek Ewa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We report diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas in the difficult case of compressive optic neuropathy with severe visual acuity and visual field loss with subsequent visual recovery in both eyes, in a patient with Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) by a combination of experimental antithymocyte therapy, orbital radiotherapy with high-dose steroids.

Methods
A 72-year-old man presented with severe vision loss in both eyes. The visual symptoms had appeared over a year before the GO diagnosis. He was initially misdiagnosed with neuroborreliosis and optic neuritis based on brain and orbital magnetic resonance imaging. There was no exophthalmos. The ophthalmological examination included visual acuity, visual field, tonometry in primary and upgaze eye position, optical coherence tomography (OCT), pattern electroretinogram (PERG), pattern, and flash visual evoked potentials (PVEP and FVEP). The patient received experimental therapy with ATG, followed by high-dose of intravenous steroids and orbital radiotherapy.

Results
Delayed VEP peaks became shorter after treatment. After systemic and local therapy lowering of intraocular pressure was achieved. Abnormal PERG has been found three months before ganglion cells atrophy was detected in OCT. Visual acuity and visual field improvement occurred in both eyes after therapy, despite partial left optic nerve atrophy. The patient regained full decimal visual acuity (1.0 right from as poor as 0.3 to 1.0 in the right eye and from hand movements to 0.9 in the left. Severe visual field loss with advanced absolute scotomata has improved to slight relative scotomata. The duration of follow-up time after the treatment was 4 months.

Conclusions
Intensive treatment of steroid-resistant Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) may prevent total optic nerve atrophy. Despite severely advanced optic neuropathy, this report emphasizes the necessity of therapy even with nearly complete visual function loss hence there is always a possibility to regain full visual acuity and visual field. Patients with tense orbital septum may not present with significant exophthalmos, thus delaying the correct diagnosis of orbitopathy. A supporting sign of GO was the difference in intraocular pressure in the primary and upgaze eye positions. Electrophysiological examinations are helpful in the diagnosis and monitoring of GO therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this kind presenting visual function restoration and structural recovery in a patient with advanced optic neuropathy in GO.
Influence of a polymeric gel on the in situ electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and application in irreversible electrochemical indicators
Authors: Howard Elin L. , Laia Cesar A. T. , Pinheiro Carlos , Parola A. Jorge 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectropolymerization triggered inside of a pre-assembled device can produce a high-contrast, visually irreversible color change. This format of electrochemical indicator has potential applications in a broad range of commercial sectors, including authenticity labeling, healthcare, food packaging, and logistics. However, there is limited work exploring how polymer gel electrolytes, which are commonly employed in flexible electrochemical devices, influence the electropolymerization process. Here, we study the electrochemical polymerization of 3–4-ethylenedioxythiphene (EDOT) in a UV-curable ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether (EO-PO-AGE) polymer gel electrolyte. Using potential step methods and cyclic voltammetry, we find that the addition of the polymer gel matrix lowers the overpotential required for film formation by 0.1 V compared to the liquid electrolyte. Furthermore, indicators with the polymer gel electrolyte show an increase in coloration efficiency, and greater visual homogeneity compared to indicators with the liquid electrolyte.
Graphical Abstract
Preservation of fertility in female and male prepubertal patients diagnosed with cancer
Authors: Albamonte María Itatí , Vitullo Alfredo D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the past two decades, the importance of fertility preservation has grown not only in the realm of medical and clinical patient care, but also in the field of basic and applied research in human reproduction. With advancements in cancer treatments resulting in higher rates of patient survival, it is crucial to consider the quality of life post-cure. Therefore, fertility preservation must be taken into account prior to antitumor treatments, as it can significantly impact a patient’s future fertility. For postpubertal patients, gamete cryopreservation is the most commonly employed preservation strategy. However, for prepubertal patients, the situation is more intricate. Presently, ovarian tissue cryopreservation is the standard practice for prepubertal girls, but further scientific evidence is required in several aspects. Testicular tissue cryopreservation, on the other hand, is still experimental for prepubertal boys. The primary aim of this review is to address the strategies available for possible fertility preservation in prepubertal girls and boys, such as ovarian cryopreservation/transplantation, in vitro follicle culture and meiotic maturation, artificial ovary, transplantation of cryopreserved spermatogonia, and cryopreservation/grafting of immature testicular tissue and testicular organoids.
The Robot and Human Futures: Visualising Autonomy in Law and Science Fiction
Authors: Goding Vincent , Tranter Kieran 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article argues that legal discourses about robots are framed within a limiting ‘human paradigm.’ While this is not a specific failure of lawyers, it has significant consequences for law in a digital future. This visualising of robots has its origins in mainstream twentieth-century science fictional tropes of artificial beings. This article begins by identifying the predominant science fiction tropes regarding artificial beings as a source of anxiety for human futures, as located in discrete bodies and as separate from humans. The article then traces this ‘human paradigm’ in robot law scholarship. It is shown how a focus on embodiment and separation disrupts appreciation of the emerging partial disembodiment and hybridity of digital autonomy. There is a continual sense of needing to keep robots and humans distinct and separate, which is not how digital futures are manifesting.
Perennial intermediate wheatgrass accumulates more soil organic carbon than annual winter wheat – a model assessment
Authors: Tang Fiona H. M. , Crews Timothy E. , Brunsell Nathaniel A. , Vico Giulia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Perennial crops have been suggested as a more sustainable alternative to the currently most common cropping systems. Compared with annual plants, perennial plants produce more biomass and have deeper roots, and are expected to lead to higher soil organic carbon (SOC). This hypothesis, however, has not been well tested for grain crops.

Methods
Using perennial intermediate wheatgrass (IWG, Thinopyrum intermedium) and annual winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) as focal species, and native grassland as reference, we quantified the SOC accumulation via a process-based model, describing water and heat exchanges and carbon-nitrogen cycling in the canopy and soil to a depth of 2 m. The model includes C fixation via photosynthesis, plant biomass growth and litter production, physical protection of SOC, depolymerisation, C mineralisation, nitrification, denitrification, microbial growth, and necromass turnover in the soil. While of general applicability, we considered a sandy loam under warm-summer humid continental climate.

Results
Following a conversion from native grassland, IWG reduced SOC losses by at least 38%, especially in the particulate organic carbon (POC) pool, within the top 2 m of soil, compared with annual wheat. Soil microbial biomass and soil respiration were higher in IWG than annual wheat. Shifting from annual wheat to high photosynthetic capacity IWG increased SOC by about 33 g C m−2 y−1 (averaged over a 4-year continuous IWG cropping), with a large fraction of SOC gain stemming from restoring POC.

Conclusion
Compared with annual grains, perennial grains can increase soil carbon sequestration and maintain SOC at levels nearer to that of native grasslands.
Integration of high-rate filtration using waste-derived biochar as a potential sustainable technology for drinking water supply
Authors: García-Ávila Fernando , Galarza-Guamán Andrés , Barros-Bermeo Mónica , Alfaro-Paredes Emigdio Antonio , Avilés-Añazco Alex , Iglesias-Abad Sergio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of eucalyptus (E) and bamboo (B) residual biomass biochars as filter materials for drinking water treatment. The efficiencies of these two biochars in the rapid filtration process were evaluated using water (raw, flocculated and settled) at the rate of 120 m3/m2/d. Finding that bamboo biochar manufactured under a slow pyrolysis process "b" (Bb) had the best performance. Subsequently, Bb was evaluated with three different granulometries, and it was found that the effective size with the best performance was the finest (0.6–1.18 mm). Subsequently, this biochar was compared with conventional filter materials such as gravel, sand and anthracite, using different types of water (raw, flocculated and settled) and at different filtration rates (120 and 240 m3/m2/d), and it was found that the filter material with the best performance was precisely biochar, with average removal efficiencies of 64.37% turbidity and 45.08% colour for raw water; 93.9% turbidity and 90.75% colour for flocculated water, and 80.79% turbidity and 69.03% colour for settled water. The efficiency using simple beds of sand, biochar, anthracite and gravel at the rate of 180 m3/m2/d was 75.9% copper, 90.72% aluminium, 95.7% iron, 10.9% nitrates, 94.3% total coliforms and 88.9% fecal coliforms. The efficiencies achieved by biochar were higher compared to those of conventional filter materials. It was also found that biochar contributes to improving the performance of sand and anthracite in mixed beds. Additionally, it was possible to demonstrate that the volume of washing water required for the biochar is lower compared to the other filter beds. Finally, it is recommended to carry out more tests for the purification of water with biochars from rural areas affected by the mining and oil exploitation, as well as the purification of seawater with biochars from coastal areas with residues from dry forests and organic residues from municipalities.
Graphical abstract
Blockchain and Emerging Distributed Ledger Technologies for Decentralized Multi-robot Systems
Authors: Queralta Jorge Peña , Keramat Farhad , Salimi Salma , Fu Lei , Yu Xianjia , Westerlund Tomi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurpose of Review:Distributed ledger technologies (DLTs), particularly blockchain, are paving the way to securing and managing distributed and large-scale systems of autonomous agents. We look into how these technologies are moving out of the lab and into the real world within the robotics field.Recent Findings:Despite the scalability and real-world applicability concerns, new solutions have emerged that show resilience to intermittent connectivity, as well as scalable solutions for managed or permissioned networks.Summary:We present a review on the various use cases that different DLTs can support in multi-robot systems. We argue that the majority of the work to date on open and permissionless blockchains is only applicable to a subset of robotics use cases, with novel DLT architectures and permissioned blockchains driving adoption across industrial and more mature application scenarios.