bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRI VS. FDG-PET for diagnosis of response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Gao Peng Fei , Lu Na , Liu Wen 
Published: January 2023

AimIn this study, we aimed to compare the diagnostic values of MRI and FDG-PET for the prediction of the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACT) of patients with locally advanced Rectal cancer (RC).MethodsElectronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library, were systematically searched through December 2021 for studies that investigated the diagnostic value of MRI and FDG-PET in the prediction of the response of patients with locally advanced RC to NACT. The quality of the included studies was assessed using QUADAS. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR and NLR), and the area under the ROC (AUC) of MRI and FDG-PET were calculated using a bivariate generalized linear mixed model, random-effects model, and hierarchical regression.ResultsA total number of 74 studies with recruited 4,105 locally advanced RC patients were included in this analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and AUC for MRI were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.77–0.88), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79–0.89), 5.50 (95% CI: 4.11-7.35), 0.20 (95% CI: 0.14–0.27), and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88–0.93), respectively. The summary sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and AUC for FDG-PET were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77-0.85), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70–0.80), 3.29 (95% CI: 2.64–4.10), 0.25 (95% CI: 0.20–0.31), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88), respectively. Moreover, there were no significant differences between MRI and FDG-PET in sensitivity (P = 0.565), and NLR (P = 0.268), while the specificity (P = 0.006), PLR (P = 0.006), and AUC (P = 0.003) of MRI was higher than FDG-PET.ConclusionsMRI might superior than FGD-PET for the prediction of the response of patients with locally advanced RC to NACT.
Lobaplatin-based prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for T4 gastric cancer patients: A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Zhong Yuxin , Kang Wenzhe , Hu Haitao , Li Weikun , Zhang Jing , Tian Yantao 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of lobaplatin-based prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for patients with T4 gastric cancer after surgery and to evaluate its impact on survival.Materials and methodsData on patients with T4 gastric cancer who underwent radical gastric resection between March 2016 and August 2017 were collected from the National Cancer Center and Huangxing Cancer Hospital. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to receiving or not receiving HIPEC.ResultsA total of 106 patients were included in this study; among them, 51 patients underwent radical gastric resection plus prophylactic HIPEC, and 55 patients underwent radical gastric resection only. The baseline characteristics were well balanced between the two groups. The postoperative platelet counts in the HIPEC group were significantly lower than those in the non-HIPEC group (P &lt; 0.05); however, we did not observe any occurrences of serious bleeding in the HIPEC group. There were no significant differences in the postoperative complication rates between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). The postoperative (1 month) CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 levels in the HIPEC group were significantly decreased in the HIPEC group (P &lt; 0.05). At a median follow-up of 59.3 months, 3 (5.5%) patients in the HIPEC group experienced peritoneal recurrence, and 10 (18.2%) patients in the non-HIPEC group experienced peritoneal recurrence (P &lt; 0.05). Both groups had comparable 5-year overall survival (OS) rates (41.1% HIPEC group vs. 34.5% non-HIPEC group, P = 0.118). The 5-year disease-free survival was significantly higher in the HIPEC group than in the non-HIPEC group (28.6% versus 39.7%, p = 0.046).ConclusionsLobaplatin-based prophylactic HIPEC is feasible and safe for patients with T4 gastric cancer and does not increase postoperative adverse effects. The use of HIPEC showed a significant decrease in the incidence of local recurrence rates and blood tumor marker levels. The 5-year disease-free survival was significantly higher in the HIPEC group; however, the 5-year OS benefit was not found in T4 stage patients.
Exploration of sodium homeostasis and pharmacokinetics in bile duct-ligated rats treated by anti-cirrhosis herbal formula plus spironolactone
Authors: Hsueh Tun-Pin , Tsai Tung-Hu 
Published: January 2023

Renal sodium retention is an essential indicator that is used for the prognosis of cirrhosis with ascites that requires diuretic treatment to restore sodium homeostasis. The diuretic effects of Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT) alone or in combination with diuretics for sodium retention in patients with cirrhosis have not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the diuretic effects and sodium retention caused by YCHT with spironolactone, from both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic perspective, in bile duct-ligated rats. The HPLC method was validated and utilized for the pharmacokinetic analysis of rat urine. Urine samples were collected and analyzed every 4 hours for 32 h after oral administration of YCHT at 1 or 3 g/kg daily for 5 days in bile duct-ligated rats. A dose of 20 mg/kg spironolactone was also administered to pretreat the YCHT 1 g/kg or the 3 g/kg group on the 5th day to explore the interaction of the two treatments. Urine sodium, potassium, weight, volume, and spironolactone and canrenone levels were measured to investigate fluid homeostasis after the coadministration. The linearity, precision, and accuracy of the HPLC method were suitable for subsequent urinary pharmacokinetic analyses. The pharmacokinetic parameters in the 1 g/kg YCHT with spironolactone group revealed that the elimination half-life of the spironolactone metabolite, canrenone, was prolonged. In addition, the cumulative excretion amount, the area under the rate curve (AURC), and the maximum rate of excretion (Rmax) were significantly decreased when the spironolactone group was pretreated with 3 g/kg YCHT. Urinary sodium excretion elicited by spironolactone was suppressed by pretreatment with 1 or 3 g/kg YCHT. The 32-hour urine output was not altered by the administration of YCHT alone, but it was significantly decreased by 64.9% after the coadministration of YCHT with spironolactone. The interaction of spironolactone and YCHT was found to decrease urine sodium–potassium and water excretion, and this change was attributed to the decreased level of spironolactone metabolites and possibly the regulation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system by obstructed cirrhosis. The dose adjustment of YCHT or diuresis monitoring should be noted when co-administering YCHT and spironolactone to treat hepatic diseases clinically.
Soil application of effective microorganisms and nitrogen alleviates salt stress in hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) plants
Authors: Abdelkhalik Abdelsattar , Abd El-Mageed Taia A. , Mohamed Ibrahim A. A. , Semida Wael M. , Al-Elwany Omar A. A. I. , Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Hemida Khaulood A. , El-Saadony Mohamed T. , AbuQamar Synan F. , El-Tarabily Khaled A. , Gyushi Mohammed A. H. 
Published: January 2023

The application of effective microorganisms (EMs) and/or nitrogen (N) have a stimulating effect on plants against abiotic stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of the co-application of EMs and N on growth, physio-biochemical attributes, anatomical structures, nutrients acquisition, capsaicin, protein, and osmoprotectant contents, as well as the antioxidative defense system of hot pepper (Capsicum annumL.) plants. In the field trials, EMs were not applied (EMs-) or applied (EMs+) along with three N rates of 120, 150, and 180 kg unit N ha-1(designated as N120, N150, and N180, respectively) to hot pepper plants grown in saline soils (9.6 dS m-1). The application of EMs and/or high N levels attenuated the salt-induced damages to hot pepper growth and yield. The application of EMs+with either N150or N180increased the number, average weight and yield of fruits by 14.4 or 17.0%, 20.8 or 20.8% and 28.4 or 27.5%, respectively, compared to hot pepper plants treated with the recommended dose (EMs-× N150). When EMs+was individually applied or combined with either N150or N180, increased accumulation of capsaicin were observed by 16.7 or 20.8%, protein by 12.5 or 16.7%, proline by 19.0 or 14.3%, and total soluble sugars by 3.7 or 7.4%, respectively, in comparison with those treated with the integrative EMs-× N150. In addition, the non-enzymatic contents (ascorbate, and glutathione) and enzymatic activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase) of the antioxidant defense systems significantly increased in hot pepper plants treated with EMs+alone or combined with N150or N180under salt stress conditions. Higher accumulation of nutrients (N, P, K+, and Ca2+) along with reduced Na+acquisition was also evidenced in response to EMs+or/and high N levels. Most anatomical features of stems and leaves recovered in hot pepper plants grown in saline soils and supplied with EMs+and N. The application of EMs and N is undoubtedly opening new sustainable approaches toward enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in crops (e.g. hot pepper).
Integrative analysis of different low-light-tolerant cucumber lines in response to low-light stress
Authors: Li Dandan , Yu Fushun , Zhang Yanzhao , Hu Kaihong , Dai Dongyang , Song Siwen , Zhang Fan , Sa Rina , Lian Hua , Sheng Yunyan 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionLow light stress inhibits plant growth due to a line of physiological disruptions in plants, and is one of the major barriers to protected cucumber cultivation in northern China.MethodsTo comprehensively understand the responses of cucumber seedlings to low-light stress, the low-light-tolerant line (M67) and The low-light-sensitive line (M14) were conducted for the analysis of photosynthetic phenotype, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and the expression level of photosynthesis-related genes in leaves under low-light stress and normal light condition (control).ResultsThe results showed that there was a sharp decrease in the photosynthate accumulation in the leaves of the sensitive line, M14, resulting in a large decrease in the photosynthetic rate (Pn) (with 31.99%) of leaves compared to that of the control, which may have been caused by damage to chloroplast ultrastructure or a decrease in chlorophyll (Chl) content. However, under the same low-light treatment, there was no large drop in the photosynthate accumulation and even no decrease in Pn and Chl content for the tolerant line, M67. Moreover, results of gene expression analysis showed that the expression level of genes CsPsbQ (the photosystem II oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3 gene) and Csgamma (ATPase, F1 complex gene) in the M14 leaves decreased sharply (by 35.04% and 30.58%, respectively) compared with the levels in the M67 leaves, which decreased by 14.78% and 23.61%, respectively. The expression levels of genes involved in Chl synthesis and carbohydrate biosynthesis in the leaves of M14 decreased markedly after low-light treatment; in contrast, there were no sharp decreases or changes in leaves of M67.DiscussionOver all, the ability of cucumber to respond to low-light stress, as determined on the basis of the degree of damage in leaf structure and chloroplast ultrastructure, which corresponded to decreased gene expression levels and ATP phosphorylase activity, significantly differed between different low-light-tolerant lines, which was manifested as significant differences in photosynthetic capacity between them. Results of this study will be a reference for comprehensive insight into the physiological mechanism involved in the low-light tolerance of cucumber.
Low temperature reduces potato wound formation by inhibiting phenylpropanoid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis
Authors: Zhang Jiadi , Yao Jia , Mao Linli , Li Qingpeng , Wang Lixia , Lin Qing 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPotato tubers have the healing capacity to prevent surface water transpiration and pathogen invasion after mechanical damage. Previous research has shown the inability to form healing periderm in potatoes under low temperatures, but the potential mechanism is still unclear.MethodsTo explore the effects and mechanisms of low-temperature potato healing, wounded potatoes were stored at low temperature (4°C) and room temperature (22°C), respectively.ResultsIn this study, compared with 22°C healing, low temperature reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide, and the down-regulation of StAMY23 inhibited the conversion of starch to sugar, alleviated the degradation of starch, and reduced the content of soluble sugars and sucrose. Meanwhile, inhibition of phenylalanine metabolism by suppression of StPAL1 and St4CL expression reduced lignin accumulation. Low temperature also down-regulated the expression of StKCS6, StFAOH, StGPAT5, and StPrx, causing the lower deposition amount of suberin in wounds of potato tubers.DiscussionThe above results suggested that low temperature led to less wound tissue deposition at the wound surfaces via suppressing phenylpropanoid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in potato tubers.
Effect of nursing interventions based on the Kano model on symptom relief and parental psychological behavior in children with febrile seizures
Authors: Zhu Zaiyun , Chen Liping , Li Kai 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo analyze the effect of nursing interventions based on the Kano model on symptom relief and parental psychological behavior in children with febrile seizures (FS).MethodsA total of 104 children with FS and their corresponding families admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to April 2022 as the research object. All children were divided into 2 groups according to their nursing regimen during treatment. Children who received general nursing interventions were enrolled in the general group (n = 52) and children who received nursing interventions based on the Kano model were enrolled in the Kano group (n = 52). In this study, an investigation was first conducted to analyze the attributes of the caring care service needs of the families of children with FS. Then, we compared 4 aspects of symptom relief during the hospital stay of the 2 groups of children, including FS seizure frequency, time to cessation of convulsions, time to recovery of consciousness and time to fever reduction. The parent symptom questionnaire (PSQ) was used to assess the psychological behavior of the two groups of children during the hospital stay. The Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS) and the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) were used to assess the psychological behavior of the two groups of their families during the children’s hospitalization. Finally, a questionnaire was administered on the satisfaction of this nursing intervention.ResultsIn terms of symptom relief, the children in the Kano group had less frequent of FS seizure than the general group, and the time to cessation of convulsions, time to recovery of consciousness and time to fever reduction were all earlier than in the genera group (p &lt; 0.05). In terms of children’s psychological behavior, the impulsivity-hyperactivity, anxiety, hyperactivity index and learning problems scores in the PSQ of the children in the Kano group were lower than those in the general group after the intervention (p &lt; 0.05). In terms of family psychological behavior, the psychological behavioral problems of the families of the children in both groups improved after the intervention, and the CPSS scores of tension and dis-control, as well as the total SCL-90 score of the families of the children in the Kano group were lower than those of the general group (p &lt; 0.05). In terms of family satisfaction, the Kano group was significantly better than the general group (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe implementation of the nursing interventions based on the Kano model for children with FS was successful in dramatically reducing the clinical signs and symptoms of the children and meeting the psychological and behavioral needs of the children and their families.
Prevalence and incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder and symptoms in people with chronic somatic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lunkenheimer Frederike , Garatva Patricia , Steubl Lena , Baumeister Harald 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionComprehensive evidence on prevalence and incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and symptoms (PTSS) in people with chronic somatic diseases (CD) is lacking.ObjectiveTo systematically and meta-analytically examine prevalence and incidence of PTSD and PTSS in people with CD compared with people without CD.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from inception (1946) to June 2020. Studies reporting point, 12-month, lifetime prevalence, or 12-month incidence of PTSD and PTSS in people with CD were selected and reviewed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed by a combination of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration for non-comparative studies. Pooled estimates were calculated using random effects meta-analyses. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.ResultsData were extracted from studies reporting on point prevalence (k = 60; n = 21,213), 12-month prevalence (k = 3; n = 913), and lifetime prevalence (k = 6; n = 826). 12-month incidence estimates were not available. The pooled estimate for the point prevalence of PTSD (k = 41) across CD was 12.7% (95% CI, 8.6 to 18.4%) and 19.6% regarding PTSS (13.2 to 28.1%; k = 24). Individuals with cerebrovascular disorder (k = 4) showed the highest pooled point prevalence for PTSD (23.6%, 95% CI, 16.8 to 32.0%), those with cardiovascular diseases the lowest (6.6%, 1.9 to 20.9%; k = 5). The pooled 12-month prevalence of PTSD (k = 3) was 8.8% (95% CI, 5.5 to 13.5%) and the lifetime prevalence (k = 6) was 12.1% (7.6 to 18.5%). Pooled estimates of PTSD prevalence in people with compared to those without CD showed an odds ratio of 9.96 (95% CI, 2.55 to 38.94; k = 5).ConclusionPost-traumatic stress disorder and PTSS are common and substantially higher in people with compared to those without CD. Earlier detection and treatment of this comorbidity might improve mental and physical health, reduce the incidence of further diseases, and reduce mortality.Clinical trial registrationhttps://osf.io/9xvgz, identifier 9xvgz.
The longitudinal association between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zhao Li , Li Xiang , Yang Qin , Peng Yinhui , Jiang Lihua , Jia Peng , Shi Wei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and related prevention policies, such as home quarantine or online courses, could increase the risks of experiencing internet addiction and mental health problems among Chinese adolescents. There is a lack of longitudinal evidence to show the association between internet addiction symptoms and psychological consequences (e.g., depressive and anxiety symptoms).ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the association between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsAn effective sample of 7,958 Chinese adolescents was recruited for this two-wave longitudinal survey conducted over a six-month interval. All participants completed two-wave surveys before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal cross-lagged path model was used to analyze the associations between internet addiction and depressive and anxiety symptoms after controlling for four covariates (i.e., age, sex, minority, and COVID-19 influence).ResultsHigher depressive and anxiety symptoms before COVID-19 significantly predicted severe internet addiction during COVID-19. Results showed a significant bidirectional relationship between internet addiction and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the prevalence of internet addiction displayed an increasing trend over the two waves. Conversely, a reduced prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was observed over the two waves.ConclusionThis current study provided valuable evidence that psychological problems and internet addiction significantly influenced each other before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Consequently, the presence of psychological problems before and during the COVID-19 outbreak could indicate internet addiction. Thus, depression- and anxiety-related psychotherapies should be developed to prevent internet addiction among Chinese adolescents.
Implementation of a novel ultrasound training programme for midwives in Malawi: A mixed methods evaluation using the RE-AIM framework
Authors: Viner Alexandra C. , Malata Monica P. , Mtende Medrina , Membe-Gadama Gladys , Masamba Martha , Makwakwa Enita , Bamuya Catherine , Lissauer David , Stock Sarah J. , Norman Jane E. , Reynolds Rebecca M. , Magowan Brian , Freyne Bridget , Gadama Luis , Cunningham-Burley Sarah , Nyondo-Mipando Linda , Chipeta Effie 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDespite recommendation that all women receive an ultrasound in pregnancy prior to 24 weeks', this remains unavailable to many women in low-income countries where trained practitioners are scarce. Although many programmes have demonstrated efficacy, few have achieved longterm sustainability, with a lack of information about how best to implement such programmes. This mixed-methods study aimed to evaluate the implementation of a novel education package to teach ultrasound-naive midwives in Malawi basic obstetric ultrasound, assessing its impact in the context of the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.MethodsThe study ran across six sites in Malawi between October 2020 and June 2021, encompassing three phases; pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation. Twenty nine midwives underwent a bespoke education package with matched pre and post course surveys assessed their knowledge, attitudes and confidence and “hands on” assessments evaluating practical skills. Training evaluation forms and in-depth interviews explored their satisfaction with the package, with repeat assessment and remote image review evaluating maintenance of skills.Results28/29 midwives completed the training, with significant increases in knowledge, confidence and practical skills. Adherence to the education package varied, however many changes to the proposed methodology were adaptive and appeared to facilitate the efficacy of the programme. Unfortunately, despite reporting approval regarding the training itself, satisfaction regarding supervision and follow up was mixed, reflecting the difficulties encountered with providing ongoing in-person and remote support.ConclusionThis programme was successful in improving trainees' knowledge, confidence and skill in performing basic obstetric ultrasound, largely on account of an adaptive approach to implementation. The maintenance of ongoing support was challenging, reflected by trainee dissatisfaction. By evaluating the success of this education package based on its implementation and not just its efficacy, we have generated new insights into the barriers to sustainable upscale, specifically those surrounding maintenance.