bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutzung und Bewertung von Verhütungsinformationen in Sozialen Medien: Eine Interviewstudie mit Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen
Authors: Döring Nicola , Lehmann Stephan 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene beziehen Informationen über Methoden der Schwangerschafts- bzw. Zeugungsverhütung heute oft aus dem Internet und insbesondere aus Sozialen Medien wie YouTube, Instagram oder TikTok.
Forschungsziele Bislang ist jedoch kaum untersucht worden, wie diese Nutzung von Social-Media-Verhütungsinformationen bei jungen Menschen im Einzelnen beschaffen ist (Forschungsfrage 1). Unklar ist auch, wie junge Menschen verhütungsbezogene Beiträge (F2) und zugehörige Publikumskommentare (F3) bewerten und welche Anforderungen sie an eine gute Verhütungsaufklärung in Sozialen Medien stellen (F4).
Methoden Zur Beantwortung dieser vier Forschungsfragen wurde im Jahr 2022 eine präregistrierte qualitative Interviewstudie durchgeführt. Dabei wurde eine Stichprobe von N = 12 cisgeschlechtlichen heterosexuellen Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen (17 bis 25 Jahre, 50 % weiblich und 50 % männlich) im Zuge von Leitfaden-Interviews (durchschnittliche Dauer: 39 Minuten) befragt. Die Interviews wurden vollständig transkribiert und mit der qualitativen Datenanalyse-Software MAXQDA codiert.
Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich, dass die Befragten in Sozialen Medien kaum gezielt nach Verhütungsinformationen suchten, sondern diese hauptsächlich im Push-Modus zugespielt bekamen, was dann aber zu weiterer Informationssuche anregen konnte (F1). Die Befragten bewerteten Verhütungsbeiträge in Sozialen Medien vor allem dann positiv, wenn diese von Fachleuten stammten und eine hohe Informationsqualität aufwiesen (F2). Die Publikumskommentare zu den Verhütungsbeiträgen wurden als interessant und relevant eingestuft, allerdings ließen sich die Befragten nach eigenen Angaben durch diese kaum in ihren verhütungsbezogenen Einstellungen beeinflussen (F3). Als ideale Verhütungsaufklärung in Sozialen Medien wünschten sich die Befragten zielgruppengerecht aufgearbeitete Erklärvideos von Fachleuten, die verschiedene Verhütungsmethoden vergleichen und in die auch authentische positive wie negative Erfahrungsberichte von Peers integriert sind (F4).
Schlussfolgerung Aus den Befunden ergibt sich der Bedarf, Verhütungsaufklärung entsprechend der dargelegten Anforderungen in Sozialen Medien bereitzustellen. Auch sollte ein kritisch-konstruktiver Umgang mit Social-Media-Verhütungsinformationen in sexualpädagogischen Maßnahmen aufgegriffen werden.
Intracranial Aneurysm “Clip Anchoring”: Technical Note
Authors: Bervini David , Zhang David , Goldberg Johannes , Raabe Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClip slippage and displacement during or after intracranial aneurysm surgery is associated with morbidity and can be detrimental. We report the usage of concomitant aneurysm clips and artery clips aiming to avoid this complication in a patient undergoing elective aneurysm surgical clipping.
The Limits of Evidence in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Gassner Holger G. , Ordonez Francisco , Nunes Rita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe broad trend toward minimally invasive methods in most surgical fields is contrasted by rhinoplasty: Extended open approaches, an increasing number of grafting techniques, donor site depletion, and extensive osteotomies seem to indicate a trend away from minimally invasive methodology for this particular procedure. This article intends to analyze which factors are involved in this and related developments in rhinoplasty.Evidence-based methodology sets the standards for scientific analysis. For rhinoplasty, however, limitations of established scientific methodology are identified. These include the relative lack of objective outcome measures and the impact of various systematic biases on reported results. These biases include operator dependence, interdependence of techniques, biased selection of outcome parameters, and orthodox treatment bias. Upon critical review, the importance of systematic biases may outweigh the impact of evidence-based study in rhinoplasty. Results should therefore be interpreted with caution. Strategies are suggested to identify and mitigate the impact of biases and to improve reporting and outcome analyses in rhinoplasty.
Raman spectroscopy study of CdS nanorods and strain induced by the adsorption of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid
Authors: Prakash Om , Umapathy Siva 
Published: April 2023

In this study, near- and off-resonance Raman spectra of cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum rods (NRs) and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) adsorbed CdS NRs are reported. The envelopes of characteristic optical phonon modes in the near-resonance Raman spectrum of CdS NRs are deconvoluted by following the phonon confinement model. As compared with off-resonant Raman spectra, optical phonon modes scattering cross section is amplified significantly in near-resonance Raman spectra through the Fröhlich interaction. The Huang–Rhys factor defining the strength of the Fröhlich interaction is estimated (∼0.468). Moreover, the adsorption of different concentrations of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) onto CdS NRs produces surface strain in CdS NRs originating due to surface reconstruction and consequently blue and red shifts in off-resonance (514.5 nm) Raman spectra depending on the concentration of 4-MBA. These consequences are attributed to compressive and tensile strains, respectively. Relative to bulk CdS powder as the reference, strain in CdS NRs increases with decreasing 4-MBA concentrations. In off-resonance Raman spectra of 4-MBA adsorbed CdS NRs, the full width at half maxima of phonon modes (1-LO and 2-LO) and intensity ratio I2-LO/I1-LO increase with decreasing 4-MBA concentration.
A socio-pragmatic analysis of the Turkish discourse markers of ‘şey’, ‘yani’, and ‘işte’ based on educational level of
speakers
Authors: Altıparmak Ayşe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzes the influence of the educational level of speakers on speakers’ preferences of the Turkish
discourse markers (DMs) şey ‘uh’, yani ‘I mean’, and işte ‘you know’. 56 participants from age groups 33–50 and over 50 participated in
the study. Speech data from each participant in two speech corpora (planned vs. spontaneous) were gathered via face-to-face
interviews. Although various trends have been observed in two speech conditions in terms of the educational level of the speakers
in the current data, the frequency rates of these markers were mostly higher in the speech of (especially male) participants with
a lower educational level, compared to those of participants with a higher educational level. Educational-level related
differences were also observed in further analyses of the functions of the three DMs under focus.
Caught in Europe’s net: ecological destruction and Senegalese migration to Spain
Authors: Chen-Zion Noam 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Since the beginning of the 21st century, Europe has seen a substantial increase in undocumented economic migration from West Africa. Dominant public discourse on this migration wave fails to identify its underlying drivers. This article analyses contemporary migration within the structure of modern imperialism, demonstrating how European extraction of wealth and resources from West Africa fosters migration. Imperial expropriation is made concrete through a case study of Senegalese fishers now living in Badalona, Spain. Drawing on their life histories and situating their trajectories within the broader context of Senegalese economic history, this article argues that they were pushed to migrate largely due to industrial fishing fleets draining West African marine life. In Spain, a regime of illegality has coerced these Senegalese fishers into highly exploitative sectors, to the tremendous benefit of Spanish capital. Their ceaseless struggle to work under such violent conditions can only be explained by the need to sustain their impoverished families in Senegal.
Perspective: How to overcome dynamical density functional theory
Authors: de las Heras Daniel , Zimmermann Toni , Sammüller Florian , Hermann Sophie , Schmidt Matthias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe argue in favour of developing a comprehensive dynamical theory for rationalizing, predicting, designing, and machine learning nonequilibrium phenomena that occur in soft matter. To give guidance for navigating the theoretical and practical challenges that lie ahead, we discuss and exemplify the limitations of dynamical density functional theory (DDFT). Instead of the implied adiabatic sequence of equilibrium states that this approach provides as a makeshift for the true time evolution, we posit that the pending theoretical tasks lie in developing a systematic understanding of the dynamical functional relationships that govern the genuine nonequilibrium physics. While static density functional theory gives a comprehensive account of the equilibrium properties of many-body systems, we argue that power functional theory is the only present contender to shed similar insights into nonequilibrium dynamics, including the recognition and implementation of exact sum rules that result from the Noether theorem. As a demonstration of the power functional point of view, we consider an idealized steady sedimentation flow of the three-dimensional Lennard-Jones fluid and machine-learn the kinematic map from the mean motion to the internal force field. The trained model is capable of both predicting and designing the steady state dynamics universally for various target density modulations. This demonstrates the significant potential of using such techniques in nonequilibrium many-body physics and overcomes both the conceptual constraints of DDFT as well as the limited availability of its analytical functional approximations.
Non-invasive detection of the content of white blood cells in the blood of humans based on dynamic spectrum
Authors: Huo Yanxi , Liu Guozhong , Jing Rixing , Zhao Peng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective. Changes in white blood cell content have been shown to be useful in determining whether the body is in a healthy state. We propose an improved data processing and modeling approach, which helps to accommodate blood component content detection and improve prediction accuracy. A
pproach. In this experiment, the finger-end transmission method was used for spectral measurement, and we collected a total of 440 sample data. In this paper, we first use the method of CEEMDAN combined with wavelet threshold to denoise the PPG signal, and then use the integral method to extract the spectral features, which makes up for the defects of the single-edge method using incomplete data and the deviation of the slope of the rising segment from the actual signal. We further improve the screening of samples and wavelengths, and used PLS regression modeling combine the double nonlinear correction method to build the most stable and universal model. Main results. The model has been applied to 332 subjects’ finger transmission spectral data to predict the concentration of leukocytes. The correlation coefficient of the final training set result was 0.927, and the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.569×109 l−1, the correlation coefficient of the prediction set result is 0.817, and the RMSE is 0.826×109 l−1, which proves the practicability of the proposed method. Significance. We propose a non-invasive method for detecting leukocyte concentration in blood that can also be generalized to detect other blood components.
Assessing the state of biologically inspired design from three perspectives: academic, public, and practitioners
Authors: Jastrzembski M G , Watson B C , Weissburg M J , Bras B 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Biologically inspired design (BID) applies natural solutions to engineering challenges. Due to the widespread success of BID, we examine the following research question: how does the purpose of applying, the inspiration source, and the application of BID differ between academics, the public, and practitioners? Answering this question can help us design the tools used to support BID, provide an understanding of the current ‘state of BID’ and identify where BID solutions have not been widely utilized. Identifying gaps in utilization could prompt investigations into BID methods in new fields. To answer this research question, 660 BID samples were gathered equally from three data sources: Google Scholar, Google News, and the Asknature.org ‘Innovations’ database. The data were classified across seven dimensions and 68 subcategories. The conclusions of our research deliver insights into three areas. First, we identify trends in BID independent of source. For example, 72.5% of the biomimicry samples had the purpose of improving functionality and 87.6% of the samples impacted the usage phase of a product’s life cycle. Secondly, by examining the distribution of BID within each source, we identify areas for potential outreach or application. Finally, by contrasting BID results between three sources (academic, news, and practical case studies) we gain an understanding of the disparities between the three. This analysis provides BID researchers and practitioners with a useful insight into the present state of this field, with the goal of motivating future research and application.
Strong subsurface meridional current forced by monsoon intraseasonal oscillation in the southern Bay of Bengal during summer 2020
Authors: Ding Ruibin , Xuan Jiliang , Zhou Feng , Ma Xiao , Li Hongliang , Huang Ke , Huang Daji , Sun Jia , Zhang Tao , Li Jia , Zhang Deng , Yu Yue , Han Chenhua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The meridional current in the southern Bay of Bengal (BOB) exhibits prominent intraseasonal variability (ISV), which exerts a critical influence on meridional mass and energy exchange. However, its relationship with the northward propagating monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO), which is the predominant variability in the tropical Indian Ocean during summer, is not well understood. Using a one-year mooring deployed at 5.5 °N, 90 °E, a strong ISV of the meridional current is observed between 150 and 250 m during summer, exhibiting amplitudes exceeding 0.4 ms−1 and periods of 30–70 d. Further analysis shows that the summer ISV is forced by a strong MISO event with the following dynamic processes. The MISO first drives the zonal wind stress at the equator, leading to the equatorial Kelvin wave and the reflected equatorial Rossby wave at 5 °N. Then, the MISO propagates northward and generates local wind stress curl-induced Ekman pumping near the mooring site, leading to the subsequent off-equatorial Rossby wave at 8 °N. As a result, the synergy of the remotely- and locally-forced Rossby wave causes strong subsurface ISV in southern BOB. This study provides a new insight into the dynamic relationship between the MISO and the meridional current in the southern BOB, which has important implications for regional climate research and prediction.
UniDL4BioPep: a universal deep learning architecture for binary classification in peptide bioactivity
Authors: Du Zhenjiao , Ding Xingjian , Xu Yixiang , Li Yonghui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Identification of potent peptides through model prediction can reduce benchwork in wet experiments. However, the conventional process of model buildings can be complex and time consuming due to challenges such as peptide representation, feature selection, model selection and hyperparameter tuning. Recently, advanced pretrained deep learning-based language models (LMs) have been released for protein sequence embedding and applied to structure and function prediction. Based on these developments, we have developed UniDL4BioPep, a universal deep-learning model architecture for transfer learning in bioactive peptide binary classification modeling. It can directly assist users in training a high-performance deep-learning model with a fixed architecture and achieve cutting-edge performance to meet the demands in efficiently novel bioactive peptide discovery. To the best of our best knowledge, this is the first time that a pretrained biological language model is utilized for peptide embeddings and successfully predicts peptide bioactivities through large-scale evaluations of those peptide embeddings. The model was also validated through uniform manifold approximation and projection analysis. By combining the LM with a convolutional neural network, UniDL4BioPep achieved greater performances than the respective state-of-the-art models for 15 out of 20 different bioactivity dataset prediction tasks. The accuracy, Mathews correlation coefficient and area under the curve were 0.7–7, 1.23–26.7 and 0.3–25.6% higher, respectively. A user-friendly web server of UniDL4BioPep for the tested bioactivities is established and freely accessible at https://nepc2pvmzy.us-east-1.awsapprunner.com. The source codes, datasets and templates of UniDL4BioPep for other bioactivity fitting and prediction tasks are available at https://github.com/dzjxzyd/UniDL4BioPep.
Supporting students with blindness and visual impairments in microbiology
Authors: Heard Barbara R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The number of students with blindness and visual impairments (BVI) completing an undergraduate degree or majoring in STEM programs is low compared to students without disabilities. Though there are several reasons, numbering among them are the instructor’s inexperience teaching students with BVI and a lack of knowledge regarding accessibility requirements and accommodations that can be provided to support them. This article contains suggestions regarding safety considerations, accessibility, and accommodations useful in supporting students with BVI in microbiology. Most of the information is applicable to other fields and scenarios as well. When students with BVI are provided with the necessary support, they can be as successful in microbiology as their classmates without disabilities. As more students with BVI achieve success, they can serve as role models and contribute to overcoming remaining barriers to success for students with BVI in microbiology and other STEM courses.
The Signature of Cusped Hyperbolic 4-Manifolds
Authors: Kolpakov Alexander , Riolo Stefano , Tschantz Steven T 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this note we show that every integer is the signature of a non-compact, oriented, hyperbolic $4$-manifold of finite volume and give some partial results on the “geography” of such manifolds. The main ingredients are a theorem of Long and Reid, and the explicit construction of a hyperbolic $24$-cell manifold with some special topological properties.
Few things are harder to put up with than the annoyance of a good example.– Mark Twain
A prospective randomized controlled study of the effect of standardized nursing intervention for cancer pain on the quality of life of patients
Authors: Wang Bing , Tao Xiangjun , Zhao Jing , Liu Xiaojuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cancer pain refers to pain caused by cancer itself or cancer-related factors and can seriously affect cancer patients’ quality of life. Cancer pain can also cause a decline in patient compliance with cancer treatment and care. It has been suggested that nursing should be oriented to meet the patients’ needs, improve the capacity and quality of its specialized services, and provide a continuum of good quality care for different types of cancer patients with varying degrees of pain. This study used a convenience sampling of 236 cancer patients. According to the random number table method, these patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 118 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing and pain management care. The observation group was given standardized nursing intervention for cancer pain alongside routine nursing and pain management care. After 2 weeks of different nursing interventions, the results of the Numeric Rating Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life brief version questionnaire from the two groups were compared. After 2 weeks of standardized nursing intervention for cancer pain, the results of the Numeric Rating Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life brief version in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P &lt; .05), and the difference was statistically significant. The standardized nursing intervention can effectively relieve cancer pain, improve cancer patients’ quality of life, and play a significant role in cancer treatment, which is worthy of clinical reference and promotion.
An improved bioassay for the testing of entomopathogenic nematode virulence to the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): with focus on neonate insect assessments
Authors: Geisert Ryan W , Huynh Man P , Pereira Adriano E , Shapiro Ilan David I , Hibbard Bruce E 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Bioassays involving newly hatched larval insects can be limited by the larvae’s feeding state. Assays attempting to monitor mortality effects can be negatively affected by starvation effects on the larvae. Neonate western corn rootworms have significant reductions in viability if not provided food within 24 h post hatch. The recent development of an improved artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae provides a new bioassay type for evaluating entomopathogenic nematodes that also makes the testing arena easy to observe. Here, we evaluated four species of entomopathogenic nematodes including Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), Steinernema diaprepesi Nguyen & Duncan, and Steinernema rarum (de Doucet) against neonate western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, in 96-well plate diet bioassays. Nematode inoculation levels were 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 nematodes per larva. Percentage mortality increased for each species as the rate of inoculation increased. Overall, H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae caused the greatest amount of larval mortality. The diet-based bioassays were shown to be an effective method for nematode exposure to insect pests. The assays provided adequate moisture to keep nematode from desiccating while also allowing freedom of movement around the arenas. Both rootworm larvae and nematodes were contained within the assay arenas. The addition of nematodes did not cause any significant deterioration of the diet within the three-day period of testing. Overall, the diet bioassays worked well as a measure of entomopathogenic nematode virulence.
Plural and Quantified Protagonists in Free Indirect Discourse and Protagonist Projection
Authors: Abrusán Márta 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper I observe a number of new plural and (apparently) quantified examples of free indirect discourse (FID) and protagonist projection (PP). I analyse them within major current theoretical approaches, proposing extensions to these approaches where needed. In order to derive the wide range of readings observed with plural protagonists, I show how we can exploit existing mechanisms for the interpretation of plural anaphora and plural predication. The upshot is that the interpretation of plural examples of perspective shift relies on a remarkable concert of covert semantic and pragmatic operations.