bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in people living with HIV
Authors: Michel Maurice , Labenz Christian , Armandi Angelo , Kaps Leonard , Kremer Wolfgang Maximilian , Galle Peter R. , Grimm Daniel , Sprinzl Martin , Schattenberg Jörn M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of metabolic risk factors and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is high among people living with HIV (PLWH). Data on the recently proposed definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains unknown. A total of 282 PLWH were included in this cross-sectional cohort study. Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) was used to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. MAFLD and its subgroups (overweight/obese, lean/normal weight, and type 2 diabetes) were defined according to a recently published international consensus statement. The majority of this cohort was male (n = 198, 70.2%), and the median age was 51.5 years. The median BMI was 25 kg/m2, and obesity was prevalent in 16.2% (n = 44). A total of 207 (73.4%) PLWH were classified as non-MAFLD while 75 (26.6%) qualified as MAFLD. The median CAP in the MAFLD group was 320 dB/m. PLWH with MAFLD showed a higher median LSM (p < 0.008) and were older (p < 0.005) compared to the non-MAFLD group. Overall, the metabolic risk profile was comparable between MAFLD and NAFLD. The majority of PLWH and MAFLD were overweight or obese (n = 58, 77.3%). The highest median LSM values were observed in the subgroup with MAFLD and type 2 diabetes. HIV-related parameters did not differ between non-MAFLD and MAFLD. The prevalence of MAFLD in PLWH is high and comparable to NAFLD. PLWH may be characterized according to the novel MAFLD criteria and its subgroups to identify patients at risk for chronic liver disease.
Development of a program to determine optimal settings for robot-assisted rehabilitation of the post-stroke paretic upper extremity: a simulation study
Authors: Takebayashi Takashi , Uchiyama Yuki , Okita Yuho , Domen Kazuhisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRobot-assisted therapy can effectively treat upper extremity (UE) paralysis in patients who experience a stroke. Presently, UE, as a training item, is selected according to the severity of the paralysis based on a clinician’s experience. The possibility of objectively selecting robot-assisted training items based on the severity of paralysis was simulated using the two-parameter logistic model item response theory (2PLM-IRT). Sample data were generated using the Monte Carlo method with 300 random cases. This simulation analyzed sample data (categorical data with three difficulty values of 0, 1, and 2 [0: too easy, 1: adequate, and 2: too difficult]) with 71 items per case. First, the most appropriate method was selected to ensure the local independence of the sample data necessary to use 2PLM-IRT. The method was to exclude items with low response probability (maximum response probability) within a pair in the Quality of Compensatory Movement Score (QCM) 1-point item difficulty curve, items with low item information content within a pair in the QCM 1-point item difficulty curve, and items with low item discrimination. Second, 300 cases were analyzed to determine the most appropriate model (one-parameter or two-parameter item response therapy) to be used and the most favored method to establish local independence. We also examined whether robotic training items could be selected according to the severity of paralysis based on the ability of a person (θ) in the sample data as calculated by 2PLM-IRT. Excluding items with low response probability (maximum response probability) in a pair in the categorical data 1-point item difficulty curve was effective in ensuring local independence. Additionally, to ensure local independence, the number of items should be reduced to 61 from 71, indicating that the 2PLM-IRT was an appropriate model. The ability of a person (θ) calculated by 2PLM-IRT suggested that seven training items could be estimated from 300 cases according to severity. This simulation made it possible to objectively estimate the training items according to the severity of paralysis in a sample of approximately 300 cases using this model.
Analysis of β-nerve growth factor and its precursor during human pregnancy by immunoaffinity-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Walsh Jason , Palandra Joe , Goihberg Eduward , Deng Shibing , Hurst Susan , Neubert Hendrik 
Published: June 2023

Abstractβ-Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin that plays a critical role in fetal development during gestation. ProNGF is the precursor form of NGF with a distinct biological profile. In order to investigate the role of NGF and proNGF in pregnant human females, a sensitive and selective immunoaffinity liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay was developed and qualified to simultaneously measure the levels of total NGF (tNGF; sum of mature and proNGF) and proNGF using full and relative quantification strategies, respectively. The assay was used to determine serum tNGF and proNGF levels in the three gestational trimesters of pregnancy and in non-pregnant female controls. Mean tNGF ± SD were 44.6 ± 12.3, 42.6 ± 9.3, 65.4 ± 17.6 and 77.0 ± 17.8 pg/mL for non-pregnant, first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, demonstrating no significant increase in circulating tNGF between the control and the first trimester, and a moderate yet significant 1.7-fold increase through gestation. proNGF levels during the first trimester were unchanged compared to control. In contrast to tNGF, however, proNGF levels during gestation remained stable without significant changes. The development of this sensitive, novel immunoaffinity duplexed assay for both tNGF and proNGF is expected to enable further elucidation of the roles these neurotrophins play in human pregnancy as well as other models.
Clinical course and risk factors for development and progression of interstitial lung disease in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Lee Kyung-Ann , Nam Bo Da , Hwang Jung Hwa , Kim Hyun-Sook 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis single-center, retrospective study aimed to investigate the course and prognostic factors of patients with primary Sjögren syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD). We included 120 pSS patients who underwent at least two high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans between 2013 and 2021. Clinical symptoms, laboratory data, HRCT findings, and pulmonary function test results were collected. Two thoracic radiologists reviewed the HRCT findings. In patients with pSS without ILD at baseline (n = 81), no development of ILD was found on follow-up (median, 2.8 years). In patients with pSS-ILD (n = 39), total disease extent, extent of coarse reticulation, and traction bronchiectasis increased on HRCT, whereas the extent of ground glass opacity (GGO) decreased at follow-up (median, 3.2 years) (each p < 0.001). In progressive group of pSS-ILD (48.7%), the extent of coarse reticulation and coarseness score of fibrosis were increased at follow-up (p < 0.05). Usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on CT (OR, 15.237) and follow-up duration (OR, 1.403) were independent risk factors for disease progression in patients with pSS-ILD. In both progressive and non-progressive pSS-ILD, GGO decreased, whereas the extent of fibrosis increased even after treatment with glucocorticoid and/or immunosuppressants. In conclusion, progression occurred in approximately half of the pSS-ILD patients with slow gradual deterioration. Our study identified a definite group of progressive pSS-ILD who did not respond to current anti-inflammatory treatment.
Light conditions influence optic nerve OCT angiography parameter in healthy subjects with neutral pupils
Authors: Nelis Pieter , Nieweler A. , Brücher V. , Eter N. , Ten Tusscher M. , Alnawaiseh M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOptical coherence tomography angiography measurements are influenced by a range of environmental factors as blood pressure and physical fitness. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of light and dark exposure in eyes with neutral and mydriatic pupils on vessel density in the macular and optic nerve head regions, as measured using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). 55 eyes of 55 healthy volunteers (28 patients with neutral pupils; 27.18 ± 4.33 years) were examined using a high-speed and high-resolution spectral-domain OCT XR Avanti system with a split-spectrum amplitude de-correlation angiography algorithm. OCTA imaging was performed after dark adaptation and after exposure to light. The vessel density data of the superficial and deep retinal macular and optic nerve head region OCT-angiogram were analyzed for these two light conditions. Through Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, the p- value was adapted from 0.05 to 0.017. In eyes with neutral pupils, a significant increase was found in the capillary region of the optic nerve head region (p = 0.002), comparing dark- and light-adaptation. In the macular region of eyes with neutral (p = 0.718) and mydriatic pupils (p = 0.043), no significant differences were observed, as were any in the optic nerve head region of the mydriatic eyes (p = 0.797). This observation suggests that light conditions could be a possible factor influencing OCTA measurements. After dark exposure, vessel density data were significantly different between eyes with neutral and mydriatic pupils (nerve head region: p < 0.0001, superficial macula: p < 0.0001, deep macula: p = 0.0025). These data warn for the effect of mydriatic drops on vessel density measurements.
Applied research of comprehensive advance geological prediction in Daluoshan water diversion tunnel
Authors: Liu Mingqing , Gan Qinyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to study the accuracy of comprehensive advanced geological prediction methods in tunnel construction projects, this paper takes the Daluoshan Water Diversion Tunnel Project in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province as the basis of the project, selects a typical section of the water diversion tunnel, and uses Tunnel Seismic Tomography and Ground Penetrating Radar to transmit seismic and electromagnetic waves to the surrounding rock face of the tunnel, and process and interpret the collected signal information. Advanced borehole and drilling techniques are used for verification. The results show that the geological prediction results are consistent with the actual revealed conditions, and the advantages of various technologies can be exerted and mutually verified through advanced geological prediction, which can significantly improve the accuracy of advanced geological prediction in the application of water diversion tunnels and provide reference and basis for later construction, and provide safety assurance.
The meta-analysis and systematic review of prevalence and clinical anatomy of the arc of Buhler
Authors: Kowalczyk Katarzyna A. , Pękala Jakub , Kawzowicz Michał , Pękala Przemysław A. , Tomaszewski Krzysztof A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe arc of Buhler (AOB) is a direct anastomosis of the celiac axis and superior mesenteric artery. This paper reviews the literature on the AOB and provides accurate and up-to-date data on its prevalence, anatomy, and clinical significance. The main scholarly online databases were carefully searched for relevant studies related to the AOB. Information was gathered and formed the basis of the analysis of this study. In total, 11 studies were used in this meta-study, consisting of 3685 total patients tested and 50 cases of the AOB presented. The pooled prevalence estimate of the AOB was determined to be 1.7% (95% CI 0.9, 2.9). By imaging type, the prevalence of the AOB was 1.8% for radiological studies (n = 3485; 95% CI 0.9, 3.0), 1.4% for computed tomography (CT) studies (n = 1417; 95% CI 0.4, 3.0), and 1.9% for angiography studies (n = 2068; 95% CI 0.5, 4.0). The AOB is sufficiently significant and should be considered when planning surgeries or radiological procedures involving the abdomen.
Deep learning for automated detection of neovascular leakage on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Zhao Peter Y. , Bommakanti Nikhil , Yu Gina , Aaberg Michael T. , Patel Tapan P. , Paulus Yannis M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in working-age adults worldwide. Neovascular leakage on fluorescein angiography indicates progression to the proliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy, which is an important distinction that requires timely ophthalmic intervention with laser or intravitreal injection treatment to reduce the risk of severe, permanent vision loss. In this study, we developed a deep learning algorithm to detect neovascular leakage on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography images obtained from patients with diabetic retinopathy. The algorithm, an ensemble of three convolutional neural networks, was able to accurately classify neovascular leakage and distinguish this disease marker from other angiographic disease features. With additional real-world validation and testing, our algorithm could facilitate identification of neovascular leakage in the clinical setting, allowing timely intervention to reduce the burden of blinding diabetic eye disease.
Neutron imaging for magnetization inside an operating inductor
Authors: Mamiya Hiroaki , Oba Yojiro , Terada Noriki , Hiroi Kosuke , Ohkubo Tadakatsu , Shinohara Takenao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMagnetic components are key parts of energy conversion systems, such as electric generators, motors, power electric devices, and magnetic refrigerators. Toroidal inductors with magnetic ring cores can be found inside such electric devices that are used daily. For such inductors, magnetization vector M is believed to circulate with/without distribution inside magnetic cores as electric power was used in the late nineteenth century. Nevertheless, notably, the distribution of M has never been directly verified. Herein, we measured a map of polarized neutron transmission spectra for a ferrite ring core assembled on a familiar inductor device. The results showed that M circulates inside the ring core with a ferrimagnetic spin order when power is supplied to the coil. In other words, this method enables the multiscale operando imaging of magnetic states, allowing us to evaluate the novel architectures of high-performance energy conversion systems using magnetic components with complex magnetic states.
Adipose tissue is associated with kidney function parameters
Authors: Mueller-Peltzer Katharina , von Krüchten Ricarda , Lorbeer Roberto , Rospleszcz Susanne , Schulz Holger , Peters Annette , Bamberg Fabian , Schlett Christopher L. , Mujaj Blerim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObesity is characterized by the accumulation of adipose tissue in different body compartments. Whether adipose tissue directly affects kidney function is still unknown. We aimed to investigate the role of the adipose tissue and circulating creatinine, cystatin C and kidney function in subjects free of cardio-renal diseases. In the KORA-MRI population-based study, 377 subjects (mean age 56.2 ± 9.2 years; 41.6% female) underwent whole-body 3T-MRI examination. Adipose tissue defined as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were quantified from T1-DIXON sequence using a semi-automatic algorithm. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured using standard laboratory and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) was performed based on creatinine (e-GFRcrea), cystatin C (e-GFRcys) and creatinine-cystatin C (e-GFRcc). Linear regression analysis, adjusted for risk factors, was used to investigate the relationship between adipose tissue and circulating creatinine, cystatin C, and kidney function. In multivariate analyses VAT was inversely associated with eGFRcys (ß = − 4.88, p =  < 0.001), and positively associated with serum cystatin C (ß = 0.05, p =  < 0.001), respectively. No association was found between other adipose parameters such as total adipose tissue (TAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and serum creatinine, urine microalbumin and eGFRcrea. Stratified analyses according to BMI revealed confirmatory results for category of BMI > 30. VAT is positively associated with serum cystatin C and inversely with eGFR based on cystatin C, suggesting a direct involvement of visceral adipose tissue in increased metabolism of cystatin C and consequently decreased kidney function.
Silicon in the form of nanosilica mitigates P toxicity in scarlet eggplant
Authors: Alves Deyvielen Maria Ramos , de Oliveira Jairo Neves , de Mello Prado Renato , Ferreira Patrícia Messias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntensive fertilization of vegetables can promote phosphorus (P) toxicity. However, it can be reversed using silicon (Si), although there is a lack of research clarifying its mechanisms of action. This research aims to study the damage caused by P toxicity to scarlet eggplant plants and whether Si can mitigate this toxicity. We evaluated the nutritional and physiological aspects of plants. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design of two nutritional levels of adequate P (2 mmol L−1 of P) and toxic/excess P (8 to 13 mmol L−1 of P) combined with the absence or presence of nanosilica (2 mmol L−1 Si) in a nutrient solution. There were six replications. The excess P in the nutrient solution caused damage to scarlet eggplant growth due to nutritional losses and oxidative stress. We found that P toxicity can be mitigated by supplying Si, which decreases P uptake by 13%, improves C:N homeostasis, and increases iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) use efficiency by 21%, 10%, and 12%, respectively. At the same time, it decreases oxidative stress and electrolyte leakage by 18% and increases antioxidant compounds (phenols and ascorbic acid by 13% and 50%, respectively), and decreases photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth by 12% (by increasing 23% and 25% of shoot and root dry mass, respectively). These findings allow us to explain the different Si mechanisms used to reverse the damage caused by P toxicity to plants.
A computationally efficient algorithm for wearable sleep staging in clinical populations
Authors: Fonseca Pedro , Ross Marco , Cerny Andreas , Anderer Peter , van Meulen Fokke , Janssen Hennie , Pijpers Angelique , Dujardin Sylvie , van Hirtum Pauline , van Gilst Merel , Overeem Sebastiaan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study describes a computationally efficient algorithm for 4-class sleep staging based on cardiac activity and body movements. Using an accelerometer to calculate gross body movements and a reflective photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor to determine interbeat intervals and a corresponding instantaneous heart rate signal, a neural network was trained to classify between wake, combined N1 and N2, N3 and REM sleep in epochs of 30 s. The classifier was validated on a hold-out set by comparing the output against manually scored sleep stages based on polysomnography (PSG). In addition, the execution time was compared with that of a previously developed heart rate variability (HRV) feature-based sleep staging algorithm. With a median epoch-per-epoch κ of 0.638 and accuracy of 77.8% the algorithm achieved an equivalent performance when compared to the previously developed HRV-based approach, but with a 50-times faster execution time. This shows how a neural network, without leveraging any a priori knowledge of the domain, can automatically “discover” a suitable mapping between cardiac activity and body movements, and sleep stages, even in patients with different sleep pathologies. In addition to the high performance, the reduced complexity of the algorithm makes practical implementation feasible, opening up new avenues in sleep diagnostics.
Research on controlling gas overrun in a working face based on gob-side entry retaining by utilizing ventilation type “Y”
Authors: Zhou Xihua , Jing Zehao , Li Yanchang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo determine the characteristics of air leakage concerning a “Y” type ventilation in gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting, pressure relief, and the law of a resulted gas accumulation (GA), research is conducted by employing the CFD simulation incorporated with the gauged parameters of working face (WF) mining to analyze the air leakage of “Y” type ventilation. For this purpose, the 1201 fully mechanized coal mining face in the south Wu mining location of the Daxing coal mine is taken as an illustrative example to study the air leakage in the “Y” type ventilation. So, the gas concentration (GC) issue surpassing the limit in the upper corner of the goaf was simulated. The results show that the goaf is formed into an open space when roof cutting and pressure relief technology along the goaf is implemented. The air pressure at the upper corner of the WF would be the lowest, which is only 1.12 Pa. The airflow of air leakage under a pressure difference would move from the gob-side entry retaining to the goaf. Moreover, the simulation of mine ventilation indicates that the volume of air leakage positively correlates with the length of gob-side entry retaining. When the WF is advanced 500 m ahead, the maximum volume of air leakage would reach 247 m3/min within the range of 500–1300 m, and then the rate of air leakage gradually would decrease. When the WF is advanced at 1300 m, the air leakage would become the smallest, which is 175 m3/min. When gas control is under consideration, the effect of gas extraction would be best with the buried pipe whose depth and diameter are set to 4.0 m and 400 mm, respectively. So, the GC in the upper corner would become 0.37%. After the high-level borehole with a 120 mm diameter is mined, the GC in the deep goaf decreased to 3.52%, and the GC at the upper corner became further reduced to 0.21%. While the high-level borehole gas is extracted by employing the extraction system of the high-concentration gas, the extraction system of low-concentration gas is utilized to extract the upper corner gas of the WF, thus, the problem of gas overrun was resolved satisfactorily. During the recovery period of the mining, the GC at each gauging point was less than 0.8%, which effectively guided the secure production in the Daxing coal mine and provided a theoretical foundation to control gas overrun during the mining process.
A novel strategy to characterize the pattern of β-lactam antibiotic-induced drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Hillyer Trae , Benin Bogdan M. , Sun Chuanqi , Aguirre Noah , Willard Belinda , Sham Yuk Yin , Shin Woo Shik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is an urgent public health threat, according to the CDC. This pathogen has few treatment options and causes severe nosocomial infections with > 50% fatality rate. Although previous studies have examined the proteome of CRAb, there have been no focused analyses of dynamic changes to β-lactamase expression that may occur due to drug exposure. Here, we present our initial proteomic study of variation in β-lactamase expression that occurs in CRAb with different β-lactam antibiotics. Briefly, drug resistance to Ab (ATCC 19606) was induced by the administration of various classes of β-lactam antibiotics, and the cell-free supernatant was isolated, concentrated, separated by SDS-PAGE, digested with trypsin, and identified by label-free LC–MS-based quantitative proteomics. Thirteen proteins were identified and evaluated using a 1789 sequence database of Ab β-lactamases from UniProt, the majority of which were Class C β-lactamases (≥ 80%). Importantly, different antibiotics, even those of the same class (e.g. penicillin and amoxicillin), induced non-equivalent responses comprising various isoforms of Class C and D serine-β-lactamases, resulting in unique resistomes. These results open the door to a new approach of analyzing and studying the problem of multi-drug resistance in bacteria that rely strongly on β-lactamase expression.