bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposal to strengthen Indonesian democracy
Authors: O'Reilly John G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor centuries, Java‐based rulers employed economic, political, and military measures to control the myriad islands lying in the eastern reaches of the Indonesian archipelago. Following Indonesia's transformation into a presidential democracy, the country's leaders modified this strategy and sought to maintain regional control by implementing economic and political decentralization measures on a massive scale. These measures also gave the eastern populations an appreciable influence on presidential elections. However, population projections and recent election data indicate that inhabitants of eastern Indonesia may become electorally marginalized because the region's population growth is being far outpaced by that of Java and Sumatra. Such marginalization could lead to social unrest, separatist movements, and other malevolent behaviors that threaten the country's democracy. To address this scenario, this article suggests that implementing a presidential voting framework based on the US Electoral College could strengthen Indonesia's democracy by significantly empowering voters in the country's eastern provinces.
A screen of pharmacologically active compounds to identify modulators of the Adgrg6/Gpr126 signalling pathway in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Asad Anzar , Shahidan Nahal O. , de la Vega de León Antonio , Wiggin Giselle R. , Whitfield Tanya T. , Baxendale Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdhesion G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an underrepresented class of GPCRs in drug discovery. We previously developed an in vivo drug screening pipeline to identify compounds with agonist activity for Adgrg6 (Gpr126), an adhesion GPCR required for myelination of the peripheral nervous system in vertebrates. The screening assay tests for rescue of an ear defect found in adgrg6tb233c−/− hypomorphic homozygous mutant zebrafish, using the expression of versican b (vcanb) mRNA as an easily identifiable phenotype. In the current study, we used the same assay to screen a commercially available library of 1280 diverse bioactive compounds (Sigma LOPAC). Comparison with published hits from two partially overlapping compound collections (Spectrum, Tocris) confirms that the screening assay is robust and reproducible. Using a modified counter screen for myelin basic protein (mbp) gene expression, we have identified 17 LOPAC compounds that can rescue both inner ear and myelination defects in adgrg6tb233c−/− hypomorphic mutants, three of which (ebastine, S‐methylisothiourea hemisulfate, and thapsigargin) are new hits. A further 25 LOPAC hit compounds were effective at rescuing the otic vcanb expression but not mbp. Together, these and previously identified hits provide a wealth of starting material for the development of novel and specific pharmacological modulators of Adgrg6 receptor activity.
The anatomy of COVID‐19‐related conspiracy beliefs: Exploring their nomological network on a nationally representative sample
Authors: Knežević Goran , Lazarević Ljiljana B. , Mihić Ljiljana , Milovančević Milica Pejović , Terzić Zorica , Tošković Oliver , Vuković Olivera , Todorović Jovana , Marić Nađa P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic was followed by the widespread proliferation of conspiracy beliefs (CBs) regarding the origin and harmfulness of the virus and a high level of hesitancy to vaccinate. We aimed to test a series of hypotheses on the correlates of CBs and vaccination, including socio‐demographic factors, personality dispositions, somatic health, stressful experiences during pandemics, and psychological distress.MethodThe sample (N = 1203), was based on a multistage probabilistic household sampling representative of the general population. The subjects were randomly split into two approximately equal subgroups, enabling cross‐validation. Based on the findings in the exploratory, the SEM model was tested in the confirmatory subsample.ResultsThe correlates of CBs were Disintegration (proneness to psychotic‐like experiences), low Openness, lower education, Extraversion, living in a smaller settlement and being employed. The correlates of vaccination were older age, CBs and larger places of living. Evidence on the role of stressful experiences and psychological distress in CBs/vaccination was not found. The findings of moderately strong and robust (cross‐validated) paths, leading from Disintegration to CBs and from CBs to vaccination were the most important ones.DiscussionConspiratorial thinking tendencies—related to health‐related behaviour such as vaccination—appear to be, to a considerable extent, manifestations of the mechanisms that are part of our stable, broad, trait‐like thinking/emotional/motivational/behavioural tendencies, primarily proneness to psychotic‐like experiences & behaviours.
Robot‐assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal urinary diversion: a Danish 11‐year series
Authors: Vrang Marie‐Louise , Østergren Peter Busch , Fode Mikkel Mejlgaard , Vangedal Michael , Lam Gitte Wrist 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the oncological and perioperative outcomes from a large, single‐centre, robot‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) cohort performed with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD).Patients and MethodsPatients who underwent RARC because of bladder cancer or recurrent carcinoma in situ from June 2009 until August 2020 at Herlev and Gentofte Hospital were prospectively and consecutively included. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate recurrence‐free survival (RFS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify individual predictors of outcomes. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of high‐grade complications (Clavien–Dindo Grade ≥III).ResultsA total of 542 patients were included. The median (interquartile range) follow‐up was 5.3 (2.73–8.06) years. In all, 78 patients (14%) were converted to open surgery; 15 (3%) during cystectomy and 63 patients (12%) were converted from ICUD to extracorporeal urinary diversion. The 5‐year RFS, CSS and OS rates were 63% (95% confidence interval [CI] 59%–68%), 75% (95% CI 72%–80%) and 67% (95% CI 63%–72%), respectively. Pathological non‐organ‐confined disease (tumour stage >T2 or positive lymph nodes) predicted poorer RFS, CSS and OS. Reconstruction with a neobladder (20% of cases) compared to an ileal conduit was the only predictor of high‐grade complications (odds ratio 2.54, 95% CI 1.46–4.43; P < 0.001).ConclusionA RARC with ICUD is feasible as a standard surgical procedure for bladder cancer with only a few patients converted to open surgery. In our hands reconstruction with a neobladder was a strong predictor for high‐grade complications.
Recurrent TRAK1::RAF1 Fusions in pediatric low‐grade gliomas
Authors: Benhamida Jamal K. , Harmsen Hannah J. , Ma Deqin , William Christopher M. , Li Bryan K. , Villafania Liliana , Sukhadia Purvil , Mullaney Kerry A. , Dewan Michael C. , Vakiani Efsevia , Karajannis Matthias A. , Snuderl Matija , Zagzag David , Ladanyi Marc , Rosenblum Marc K. , Bale Tejus A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFusions involving CRAF (RAF1) are infrequent oncogenic drivers in pediatric low‐grade gliomas, rarely identified in tumors bearing features of pilocytic astrocytoma, and involving a limited number of known fusion partners. We describe recurrent TRAK1::RAF1 fusions, previously unreported in brain tumors, in three pediatric patients with low‐grade glial‐glioneuronal tumors. We present the associated clinical, histopathologic and molecular features. Patients were all female, aged 8 years, 15 months, and 10 months at diagnosis. All tumors were located in the cerebral hemispheres and predominantly cortical, with leptomeningeal involvement in 2/3 patients. Similar to previously described activating RAF1 fusions, the breakpoints in RAF1 all occurred 5′ of the kinase domain, while the breakpoints in the 3′ partner preserved the N‐terminal kinesin‐interacting domain and coiled‐coil motifs of TRAK1. Two of the three cases demonstrated methylation profiles (v12.5) compatible with desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG)/desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma (DIA) and have remained clinically stable and without disease progression/recurrence after resection. The remaining tumor was non‐classifiable; with focal recurrence 14 months after initial resection; the patient remains symptom free and without further recurrence/progression (5 months post re‐resection and 19 months from initial diagnosis). Our report expands the landscape of oncogenic RAF1 fusions in pediatric gliomas, which will help to further refine tumor classification and guide management of patients with these alterations.
Neither dead nor alive: Participatory slum governance as a zombie program
Authors: da Silva Sven , Koster Martijn , de Vries Pieter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on PREZEIS, an internationally acclaimed participatory slum governance program in Recife, Brazil. PREZEIS was implemented in 1987 and emerged out of a strong popular movement that resisted forced evictions of squatter settlements under the military regime (1964–1985). To date, however, its main objectives—upgrading slums and regularizing land rights—have not been achieved, and its executive powers have been dismantled over the years. We argue that this institutionalization of a popular movement gave birth to a “zombie program” that lives off the past and refuses to die. We advance the zombie metaphor through the Lacanian notion of “fetishistic disavowal,” of knowing PREZEIS is “dead” but still believing it can be revived through ritualistic, fetishistic activities. We argue that the challenge is to accept its death, opening up the possibility for something truly new to arise. In the conclusion, we also explore how this factors into broader debates on urban post‐politics.
Prevention of internal bacterial colonization of dental implants: A comparative longitudinal observational study
Authors: Jervøe‐Storm Pia‐Merete , Jepsen Søren , Marder Michael , Kraus Dominik , Stoilov Milan , Enkling Norbert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies have indicated a progressive internal bacterial colonization of implants and possible implications for peri‐implant bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate a decontamination protocol, two disinfectants, and a sealant for their ability to prevent such a colonization.Materials and MethodsBacterial samples were harvested from the peri‐implant sulcus (external) and following abutment removal from the implant cavity (internal) during routine supportive peri‐implant care in 30 edentulous patients 2 years after they had obtained two implants. In a split‐mouth design, implants were randomly assigned to receive either internal decontamination alone (10% H2O2, brush) or additional placement of either sealant (GS), disinfectant agent (CHX‐varnish) or disinfectant gel (1% CHX‐gel), in the internal cavity before remounting of abutment/suprastructure. Twelve months later, internal and external sampling was repeated. Total bacterial counts (TBCs) were determined using real‐time PCR in a total of 240 samples (eight per patient).ResultsTotal bacterial counts in the internal cavity significantly reduced overall treatment modalities 1 year after the treatments (4.0 [2.3–6.9]‐fold reduction; p = .000). No significant differences between the four treatment types were found (p = .348). Comparison of internal and external sampling points revealed significant correlation (R2 = .366; p = .000) with systematically higher TBC counts in external samples.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that the use of disinfectant agents or a sealant did not show an additional benefit in the prevention of internal bacterial colonization of implants compared to a decontamination protocol alone.
Delayed hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media: A diagnostic approach by skin tests
Authors: Bianchi Leonardo , Hansel Katharina , Biondi Filippo , Caroppo Elena Sofia , Galeotti Tommaso , Casciola Gabriele , Tramontana Marta , Marietti Rossella , Napolitano Maddalena , Patruno Cataldo , Stingeni Luca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdverse drug reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) have risen due to their increasing use in x‐ray‐based imaging modalities. Delayed hypersensitivity reactions are mainly caused by nonionic monomeric compounds and represent an issue impacting the diagnostic–therapeutic pathways of cancer, cardiology and surgery patients.ObjectivesTo prospectively evaluate the usefulness of skin tests in delayed hypersensitivity reactions to ICM and to evaluate the tolerability of iobitridol, a monomeric nonionic low osmolality compound, as a possible safe alternative.MethodsPatients with delayed hypersensitivity reactions to ICM referred to us from 2020 to 2022 were prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent patch test and, if negative, intradermal test with the culprit ICM and iobitridol as alternative.ResultsA total of 37 patients (females 24, 64.9%) were enrolled in the study. Iodixanol and iomeprol were the most frequently involved ICM (48.5% and 35.2%, respectively); 62.2% of patients presented maculopapular eruption, while 37.8% reported delayed urticaria‐like rash. Skin tests resulted positive to the culprit ICM in 19 patients (51.4%), 16 to patch test and 3 to intradermal test. Skin tests with iobitridol, tested as alternative, resulted positive in 3/19 patients (15.8%). All 16 patients with negative results to iobitridol were administered this ICM and tolerated it.ConclusionsIn at least half of patients, delayed‐type hypersensitivity was demonstrated by skin tests, particularly by patch test. This diagnostic approach resulted simple, cost‐effective and safe, not only to confirm the culprit ICM but also to identify iobitridol as feasible alternative.
Social network interventions to reduce race disparities in living kidney donation: Design and rationale of the friends and family of kidney transplant patients study (FFKTPS)
Authors: Daw Jonathan , Verdery Ashton M. , Ortiz Selena E. , Reed Rhiannon Deierhoi , Locke Jayme E. , Redfield Robert R. , Kloda David , Liu Michel , Mentch Heather , Sawinski Deirdre , Aguilar Diego , Porter Nathaniel D. , Roberts Mary K. , McIntyre Katie , Reese Peter P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionRacial/ethnic disparities in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) are a persistent challenge. Although nearly all directed donations are from members of patients’ social networks, little is known about which social network members take steps toward living kidney donation, which do not, and what mechanisms contribute to racial/ethnic LDKT disparities.MethodsWe describe the design and rationale of the Friends and Family of Kidney Transplant Patients Study, a factorial experimental fielding two interventions designed to promote LKD discussions. Participants are kidney transplant candidates at two centers who are interviewed and delivered an intervention by trained center research coordinators. The search intervention advises patients on which social network members are most likely to be LKD contraindication‐free; the script intervention advises patients on how to initiate effective LKD discussions. Participants are randomized into four conditions: no intervention, search only, script only, or both search and script. Patients also complete a survey and optionally provide social network member contact information so they can be surveyed directly. This study will seek to enroll 200 transplant candidates. The primary outcome is LDKT receipt. Secondary outcomes include live donor screening and medical evaluations and outcomes. Tertiary outcomes include LDKT self‐efficacy, concerns, knowledge, and willingness, measured before and after the interventions.ConclusionThis study will assess the effectiveness of two interventions to promote LKD and ameliorate Black‐White disparities. It will also collect unprecedented information on transplant candidates’ social network members, enabling future work to address network member structural barriers to LKD.
Identification and confirmation via in situ hybridization of Merkel cell polyomavirus in rare cases of posttransplant cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Lawrence Lauren , Wang Aihui , Charville Gregory , Liu Chih Long , Garofalo Andrea , Alizadeh Ash , Jangam Diwash , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Sahoo Malaya , Gratzinger Dita , Khodadoust Michael , Kim Youn , Novoa Roberto , Stehr Henning 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundViral infection is an oncogenic factor in many hematolymphoid malignancies. We sought to determine the diagnostic yield of aligning off‐target reads incidentally obtained during targeted hematolymphoid next‐generation sequencing to a large database of viral genomes to screen for viral sequences within tumor specimens.MethodsAlignment of off‐target reads to viral genomes was performed using magicBLAST. Localization of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) RNA was confirmed by RNAScope in situ hybridization. Integration analysis was performed using Virus‐Clip.ResultsFour cases of post‐cardiac‐transplant folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (fMF) and one case of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) were positive in off‐target reads for MCPyV DNA. Two of the four cases of posttransplant fMF and the case of PTCL showed localization of MCPyV RNA to malignant lymphocytes, whereas the remaining two cases of posttransplant fMF showed MCPyV RNA in keratinocytes.ConclusionsOur findings raise the question of whether MCPyV may play a role in rare cases of T‐lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly in the skin and in the heavily immunosuppressed posttransplant setting.
Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the external auditory canal with a CRTC1::MAML2 fusion: A case report and a review of literature
Authors: De la Sancha Carlo , Kuhar Matthew , Kraft Adele , Alomari Ahmed K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMucoepidermoid carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of exocrine glands that arises predominantly in salivary glands. It is seldom encountered as a primary cutaneous neoplasm, and in those patients, it often involves the external auditory canal. Given their rarity, they can pose a diagnostic challenge and prompt extensive workup. In salivary glands, mucoepidermoid carcinomas commonly harbor CRTC1/3::MAML2 fusions; however, genetic alterations of primary cutaneous neoplasms are less characterized, with previous studies reporting CRTC1 rearrangements in the absence of MAML2 aberrations. Herein, we report a case of a primary cutaneous mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the external auditory canal with a CRTC1::MAML2 rearrangement. We also review the clinical, morphologic, and molecular features of this neoplasm and compare them to those reported in the literature and to histopathologic mimics.
Examining the association between psychological distress and alcohol use in Australian adolescents over a period of declining consumption
Authors: Cerocchi Natalie , Mojica‐Perez Yvette , Livingston Michael , Arunogiri Shalini , Pennay Amy , Callinan Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionYouth drinking rates have declined over the past 15 years while self‐reported psychological distress has increased, despite a well‐recognised positive relationship between the two. The current study aimed to identify changes in the relationship between psychological distress and alcohol use in adolescents from 2007 to 2019.MethodsThis study used survey responses from 6543 Australians aged 14–19 years who completed the National Drug Strategy Household Survey in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 or 2019. Logistic and multivariable linear regressions with interactions (psychological distress × survey wave) predicted any alcohol consumption, short‐term risk and average quantity of standard drinks consumed per day.ResultsPsychological distress was a positive predictor of alcohol use and this association remained stable across survey waves as alcohol consumption decreased.Discussion and ConclusionsThe relationship between distress and alcohol consumption remained relatively steady, even as youth drinking declined and distress increased. The proportion of drinkers experiencing distress did not increase as consumption rates dropped, suggesting that the decline in youth drinking is occurring independently of the increase in self‐reported and diagnosed mental health issues.
Social and contextual factors associated with drinking before, during and after watching Australian Football League games: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Pennay Amy , van Egmond Kelly , Anderson‐Luxford Dan , Wright Cassandra J. C. , Caluzzi Gabriel , Livingston Michael , Dickson Geoff , Nicholson Matthew , Kuntsche Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to: (i) determine the feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment to collect data from Australian Football League (AFL) fans; (ii) explore pre‐game, during‐game and post‐game consumption patterns of AFL fans; and (iii) explore the social and setting‐related factors associated with risky single occasion drinking (5+ drinks) among AFL fans.MethodsThirty‐four participants completed up to 10 ecological momentary assessment surveys before, during and after 63 AFL games (n = 437 completed surveys). Surveys collected data about their drinking, and their social and environmental milieu (e.g., location, company). Binary logistic regression analyses clustered by participant identified which game‐day characteristics were associated with higher odds of risky single occasion drinking. Significant differences between pre‐game, during‐game and post‐game drinking on social and environmental factors were explored using pairwise comparisons.ResultsRisky single occasion drinking was more likely when games began in the early‐afternoon (1–3 pm) than late‐afternoon (3–6 pm), when participants watched the game at a stadium or pub compared to home, and when participants watched the game with friends compared to family. Pre‐drinking was more likely before night games and post‐drinking was more likely after day games. Drinking during the game was heavier when watching the game at a pub and when watching with a combined group of friends and family.Discussion and ConclusionsPreliminary findings suggest that social and contextual factors matter in the way alcohol is consumed while watching AFL games. These findings require further investigation in larger samples.