bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a CT‐based radiomics signature for identifying high‐risk neuroblastomas under the revised Children's Oncology Group classification system
Authors: Wang Haoru , Xie Mingye , Chen Xin , Zhu Jin , Ding Hao , Zhang Li , Pan Zhengxia , He Ling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo develop and validate a radiomics signature based on computed tomography (CT) for identifying high‐risk neuroblastomas.ProcedureThis retrospective study included 339 patients with neuroblastomas, who were classified into high‐risk and non‐high‐risk groups according to the revised Children's Oncology Group classification system. These patients were then randomly divided into a training set (n = 237) and a testing set (n = 102). Pretherapy CT images of the arterial phase were segmented by two radiologists. Pyradiomics package and FeAture Explorer software were used to extract and process radiomics features. Radiomics models based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression (LR), and support vector machine (SVM) were constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC), 95% confidence interval (CI), and accuracy were calculated.ResultsThe optimal LDA, LR, and SVM models had 11, 12, and 14 radiomics features, respectively. The AUC of the LDA model in the training and testing sets were 0.877 (95% CI: 0.833–0.921) and 0.867 (95% CI: 0.797–0.937), with an accuracy of 0.823 and 0.804, respectively. The AUC of the LR model in the training and testing sets were 0.881 (95% CI: 0.839–0.924) and 0.855 (95% CI: 0.781–0.930), with an accuracy of 0.823 and 0.804, respectively. The AUC of the SVM model in the training and testing sets were 0.879 (95% CI: 0.836–0.923) and 0.862 (95% CI: 0.791–0.934), with an accuracy of 0.827 and 0.804, respectively.ConclusionsCT‐based radiomics is able to identify high‐risk neuroblastomas and may provide additional image biomarkers for the identification of high‐risk neuroblastomas.
Scalable growth models for time‐series multispectral images
Authors: Anche Mahlet T. , Morales Nicholas , Kaczmar Nicholas S. , Santantonio Nicholas , Gore Michael A. , Robbins Kelly R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVegetation indices (VIs) are produced as a combination of different reflectance bands that are captured by multispectral images (MSIs). These indices, such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), are reported to be proxy indicators of photosynthetic activity, plant canopy biomass, and leaf area index. To determine the utility of using VI derived from MSI to model plant growth, random regression (RR) models with linear splines and different orders of Legendre polynomials were applied to data collected (years 2019 and 2020) as part of the Genome‐to‐Fields initiative. Growth curves of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids were modeled using both NDVI and cumulative NDVI (cNDVI) phenotypes. Due to the difference in MSI recording dates, and sparse overlap in hybrids between years, all the analyses were nested within a year. Results indicate that RR models using Legendre polynomials provide a robust and scalable method for modeling growth curves using phenotypes extracted from MSI; however, RR models using linear splines showed inconsistent convergence. Growth curves estimated using NDVI and cNDVI showed low‐to‐moderate heritability (0.11–0.44) and a range of genetic correlations (−0.15 to 0.97) with grain yield. This study demonstrates the utility of MSI for modeling genetic growth trends, with the best modeling results obtained when using Legendre polynomials and cNDVI.
Monomer and dimer structures of cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase from Escherichia coli
Authors: Guo Yirui , Karimullina Elina , Emde Tabitha , Otwinowski Zbyszek , Borek Dominika , Savchenko Alexei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Escherichia coli cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase is a four‐subunit heme‐copper oxidase that serves as a proton pump in the E. coli aerobic respiratory chain. Despite many mechanistic studies, it is unclear whether this ubiquinol oxidase functions as a monomer, or as a dimer in a manner similar to its eukaryotic counterparts—the mitochondrial electron transport complexes. In this study, we determined the monomeric and dimeric structures of the E. coli cytochrome bo3 ubiquinol oxidase reconstituted in amphipol by cryogenic electron microscopy single particle reconstruction (cryo‐EM SPR) to a resolution of 3.15 and 3.46 Å, respectively. We have discovered that the protein can form a dimer with C2 symmetry, with the dimerization interface maintained by interactions between the subunit II of one monomer and the subunit IV of the other monomer. Moreover, the dimerization does not induce significant structural changes in the monomers, except the movement of a loop in subunit IV (residues 67–74).
Quality of life in patients who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy compared with those who underwent low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy
Authors: Nakai Yasushi , Tanaka Nobumichi , Asakawa Isao , Hori Shunta , Miyake Makito , Yamaki Kaori , Anai Satoshi , Torimoto Kazumasa , Inoue Takeshi , Hasegawa Masatoshi , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo compare the quality of life (QOL) in patients who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) or low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy (LDR‐BT) for prostate cancer.MethodsWe enrolled patients who underwent LDR‐BT (LDR‐BT alone [n = 540] or LDR‐BT plus external beam radiation therapy [n = 428]) and RARP (n = 142). QOL was evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score, Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC), Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), and 8‐item Short Form (SF‐8) health survey. The two groups were compared using propensity score matching analysis.ResultsAt 24 months after treatment, the number of patients with worsened urinary QOL in the urinary domain of EPIC compared with baseline was 78/111 (70%) and 63/137 (46%) in the RARP and LDR‐BT groups, respectively (p < 0.001). In the urinary incontinence and function domain, this number was higher in the RARP group versus the LDR‐BT group. However, in the urinary irritative/obstructive domain, the number of patients with improved urinary QOL at 24 months compared with baseline was 18/111 (16%) and 9/137 (7%), respectively (p = 0.01). Regarding the SHIM score, sexual domain of EPIC, and mental component summary of SF‐8, there were more number of patients with worsened QOL in the RARP group than in the LDR‐BT group. In the EPIC bowel domain, the number of patients with worsened QOL was lower in the RARP group versus the LDR‐BT group.ConclusionThe differences in QOL observed between patients treated with RARP and LDR‐BT could assist in treatment selection for prostate cancer.
Postoperative functional and cancer control evaluation of conventional and Retzius‐sparing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy: Comparison of selected cases by propensity score matching
Authors: Kadono Yoshifumi , Nohara Takahiro , Kawaguchi Shohei , Kadomoto Suguru , Iwamoto Hiroaki , Yaegashi Hiroshi , Iijima Masashi , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Izumi Kouji , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimAlthough many reports have shown that Retzius‐sparing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RS‐RARP) is effective for postoperative urinary continence, the postoperative voiding status and sexual function associated with this technique have not yet been adequately compared with those associated with conventional RARP (C‐RARP). In this study, the lower urinary tract function, erectile function, and cancer control after C‐RARP and RS‐RARP were compared chronologically.Materials and methodsWe selected 50 cases of C‐RARP and RS‐RARP each by propensity score matching and evaluated them over time using various questionnaires. Urinary continence recovery rates and biochemical recurrence (BCR)‐free survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared between the two groups using the log‐rank test.ResultsWhen urinary continence was defined as 0 pads per day, 0 pads per day + 1 security linear, or ≤1 pad per day, the postoperative improvement in urinary continence was better with RS‐RARP over the course of up to 1 year for all definitions. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form total scores and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores were better in the postoperative RS‐RARP group. There were no significant differences in the International Prostate Symptom Score total score, QOL score, and erectile hardness score between the two groups during the observation period. The BCR‐free survival did not differ significantly between the two groupsConclusionsPostoperative urinary continence was better in the RS‐RARP group than in the C‐RARP group; however, the voiding function, erectile function, and cancer control did not differ significantly.
Magnolia officinalis L. bark extract and respiratory diseases: From traditional Chinese medicine to western medicine via network target
Authors: Fontana Riccardo , Mattioli Laura Beatrice , Biotti Giulia , Budriesi Roberta , Gotti Roberto , Micucci Matteo , Corazza Ivan , Marconi Peggy , Frosini Maria , Manfredini Stefano , Buzzi Raissa , Vertuani Silvia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe understanding of the use of Magnolia officinalis L. (Magnoliaceae) as a possible dietary supplement for supporting the treatment of airway pathologies might be of clinical interest. Two commercially available bark extracts (M. officinalis extract [MOE]) were characterized by quantitation in honokiol and magnolol content by means of high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. MOE effects, as well as those of the reference compounds per se, on some targets connected to airway pathologies (antibacterial‐ and lung and trachea relaxing‐ activities) were investigated. Results showed that MOE possessed interesting antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This was accompanied by a spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, possibly owing to its ability to concurrently modulate different targets such as H1‐, β2‐ and muscarinic receptors and l‐type calcium channels involved in bronchodilation. All these effects were directly related to the MOE content in honokiol and magnolol. In conclusion, the properties of MOE highlighted here strongly encourage its application as dietary supplement in the treatment of airway diseases.
Homoplantaginin attenuates high glucose‐induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through promoting autophagy via the AMPK/TFEB pathway
Authors: Fan Lili , Zhang Xueying , Huang Yihai , Zhang Baobao , Li Wenjing , Shi Qingru , Lin Yining , Wu Feihua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury is a key factor in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Homoplantaginin (Hom), one of the main flavonoids from Salvia plebeia R. Br. has been reported to protect VEC. However, its effects and mechanisms against diabetic vascular endothelium remain unclear. Here, the effect of Hom on VEC was assessed using high glucose (HG)‐treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells and db/db mice. In vitro, Hom significantly inhibited apoptosis and promoted autophagosome formation and lysosomal function such as lysosomal membrane permeability and the expression of LAMP1 and cathepsin B. The antiapoptosis effect of Hom was reversed by autophagy inhibitor chloroquine phosphate or bafilomycin A1. Furthermore, Hom promoted gene expression and nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB). TFEB gene knockdown attenuated the effect of Hom on upregulating lysosomal function and autophagy. Moreover, Hom activated adenosine monophosphate‐dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR, p70S6K, and TFEB. These effects were attenuated by AMPK inhibitor Compound C. Molecular docking showed a good interaction between Hom and AMPK protein. Animal studies indicated that Hom effectively upregulated the protein expression of p‐AMPK and TFEB, enhanced autophagy, reduced apoptosis, and alleviated vascular injury. These findings revealed that Hom ameliorated HG‐mediated VEC apoptosis by enhancing autophagy via the AMPK/mTORC1/TFEB pathway.
Childbirth in Bhutan: A study on the use of neuraxial analgesia for labor pain
Authors: Yoezer Tenzin , Gyeltshen Dawa , Tshering Jampel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe practice of neuraxial labor analgesia (NLA) as a mode of pain relief was introduced in Bhutan in 2016 despite it being in practice for more than five decades. There is a lack of data on NLA in Bhutan. Therefore, this study describes the use of NLA and its outcome over 4 years in Bhutan.MethodsA retrospective descriptive study was conducted from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2021. The data were obtained from the Anesthesia Department, medical records, admission forms, and birth‐registers. A total of 524 women were included. Data were recorded using 2021 Microsoft Excel version 16.57 (22011101) and analyzed using Epi Info 7.2.5.0. Categorical data were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Continuous data were summarized using mean and standard deviation.ResultsThe incidence of NLA usage was 3.5% (524/15,119). Most women were between 21 and 30 years (67.2%). Modes of delivery following NLA were spontaneous vaginal delivery, cesarean section, and assisted vaginal delivery 63.4%, 18.4%, and 18.3%, respectively. Non‐reassuring fetal status (37.5%) and failed progression of labor (36.5%) were the leading indications of cesarean section. The primary reason for assisted vaginal delivery was poor maternal effort (55.2%). Neonates of the mother who received neuraxial analgesia had neonatal jaundice in 8%, neonatal intensive care unit admission in 0.76%, and Apgar score less than 7 in 5.1% and 0.2% at 1 and 5‐min, respectively, after birth.ConclusionAlthough NLA is safe for both mothers and babies, its use is low in Bhutan. The probable reason for the low incidence could be a shortage of anesthesiologists, cultural beliefs, and lack of awareness. The Ministry of Health and the Department of Anesthesia should work together to improve the service.
Can self‐compassion help us better understand the impact of pulmonary hypertension on those with the condition and their carers? A cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Rawlings Gregg H. , Novakova Barbora , Armstrong Iain , Thompson Andrew R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) can have a multifaced impact both on the affected individual and close family members. However there are relatively few studies that have sought to identify potential protective factors. Individual differences in ability to be self‐compassionate are known to be implicated in adjustment in other long‐term conditions and are now featuring in the provision of care for a number of conditions. This is a cross‐sectional study that investigated the relationship between self‐compassion, demographic, PH‐related information, and measures of psychosocial functioning in adults with PH (n = 65) and caregivers (n = 29). Individuals with PH and caregivers of someone with PH completed self‐report measures on demographic and clinical factors, anxiety, depression, self‐compassion, and in those with PH, health‐related quality of life, and in carers, caregiver burden. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analyses. Surprisingly, participants with PH and caregivers did not significantly differ on rates of depression (p = 0.19) or anxiety (p = 0.57) with both scoring relatively high. Components of self‐compassion were associated with psychological functioning in both individuals and caregivers. Greater self‐compassion was associated with fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression, and greater health‐related quality of life in individuals with PH and lower burden in caregivers. More specifically, multiple regression analyses revealed after controlling for age, gender, and duration of PH, self‐compassion was a significant predictor of anxiety and depression in people with PH, and of anxiety and caregiver burden in carers. These findings add to the evidence base indicating that there can be a range of burdens experienced by both people living with PH and their wider families. Further, this study uniquely suggests that psychological and supportive interventions that seek to build self‐compassion may be useful to develop and test in this clinical group.
Seabird surveillance: combining CCTV and artificial intelligence for monitoring and research
Authors: Hentati‐Sundberg Jonas , Olin Agnes B. , Reddy Sheetal , Berglund Per‐Arvid , Svensson Erik , Reddy Mareddy , Kasarareni Siddharta , Carlsen Astrid A. , Hanes Matilda , Kad Shreyash , Olsson Olof 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEcological research and monitoring need to be able to rapidly convey information that can form the basis of scientifically sound management. Automated sensor systems, especially if combined with artificial intelligence, can contribute to such rapid high‐resolution data retrieval. Here, we explore the prospects of automated methods to generate insights for seabirds, which are often monitored for their high conservation value and for being sentinels for marine ecosystem changes. We have developed a system of video surveillance combined with automated image processing, which we apply to common murres Uria aalge. The system uses a deep learning algorithm for object detection (YOLOv5) that has been trained on annotated images of adult birds, chicks and eggs, and outputs time, location, size and confidence level of all detections, frame‐by‐frame, in the supplied video material. A total of 144 million bird detections were generated from a breeding cliff over three complete breeding seasons (2019–2021). We demonstrate how object detection can be used to accurately monitor breeding phenology and chick growth. Our automated monitoring approach can also identify and quantify rare events that are easily missed in traditional monitoring, such as disturbances from predators. Further, combining automated video analysis with continuous measurements from a temperature logger allows us to study impacts of heat waves on nest attendance in high detail. Our automated system thus produces comparable, and in several cases significantly more detailed, data than those generated from observational field studies. By running in real time on the camera streams, it has the potential to supply researchers and managers with high‐resolution up‐to‐date information on seabird population status. We describe how the system can be modified to fit various types of ecological research and monitoring goals and thereby provide up‐to‐date support for conservation and ecosystem management.
How far are groundwater resource assessments in India reliable?
Authors: Vaishnavi P.N.A. , Kumar M. Dinesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe article critically reviews the methodology adopted by the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) for the assessment of groundwater resources in India. The authors developed a water balance equation that simulates the changes in annual and seasonal groundwater storages of an agricultural region, using a water accounting framework; they solved the developed equation using the data of annual and seasonal water level fluctuations for a wet year for Ludhiana district of Punjab to estimate different components of the water balance. The estimated values are used to test the robustness of the CGWB methodology for monsoon recharge. The annual groundwater storage change obtained from solving the water balance equation was compared with the observed change in annual groundwater storage and was found to closely tally. As per the water balance equation, the CGWB estimates of rainfall recharge conform to the annual water level fluctuations recorded by the agency and therefore are not reliable. Hence, we could infer that our methodology is superior to that of CGWB for estimating monsoon recharge. The validated equation was also used to estimate the recharge from rainfall during a dry year. Using these outputs in a simple groundwater balance equation, irrigation return flows were estimated for the wet and dry years. The equation was then extended to the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, a hard rock area, for estimating the surface water import during a wet year, the key unknown in the region's water balance. Hence, our methodology can be employed to estimate rainfall recharge for dry years using annual changes in groundwater storage and estimated consumptive uses of water, when the “WLF approach,” used by CGWB, fails, owing to the presence of an additional variable, that is, monsoon draft. For wet years, it can be used to arrive at the consumptive use of water for various purposes.
A Turn‐On Chromogenic and Fluorogenic 2‐Aminobenzophenyl‐Isoniazid Sensor for Selective Detection of Cu2+ Ions in Water Samples and Vegetables
Authors: Christopher Leslee Denzil Britto , Madheswaran Bharathi , Gunasekaran Jayapratha , Karuppannan Sekar , Bharathi Kuppannan Shanmuga 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel 2‐aminobenzophenyl‐isonazid (BPNH) was developed for Turn‐On green emissive sensor for Cu2+ ions. The probe is highly selective to Cu2+ ions in presence of interfering heavy metals. The presence of acid hydrazide and amine group facilitate the strong interaction of the probe with Cu2+ ion. The optical spectral investigation of the probe (E)‐N′‐((2‐aminophenyl)(phenyl)methylene)isonicotinohydrazide (BPNH) with Cu2+ ions showed Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) process and Ligand‐Metal Charge transfer (LMCT) are responsible for fluorescence Turn‐On emission. The ensemble BPNH+Cu2+ is reversible with addition of S2− ions. The sensor BPNH displayed a lowest detection limit, DL=8.32×10−7 M (nanomolar). The real sample analysis application of the ligand BPNH for Cu2+ quantification has been demonstrated with water samples collected from various sources and vegetable extracts.
A Simple and Sensitive Electrochemical Sandwich‐Like Immunosensor for Interleukin‐8 Utilizing Carbon Black as a Sensing Platform and Silver‐Ferrocene as a Signal Amplifier
Authors: Yang Miao , Wang Yongjie , Huang Lingling , Jiang Yuling , Ke Yue , Chen Wenjie , Yang Lei , Chen Lina , Duan Yanjun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDesigning sensitive and low‐cost method for interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) determination is of great significance in the early diagnosis of oral cancer. In the present work, a simple, low‐cost and sensitive sandwich‐like electrochemical immunosensor of IL‐8 was developed by introducing perylene tetracarboxylic acid‐carbon black (PTCA‐CB) as sensing platform and silver‐ferrocene (Ag−Fc) as signal amplifier. PTCA‐CB can offer large surface area and high conductivity as well as the stable supporter to assemble primary antibody (Ab1), while Ag could carry Fc probe and secondary antibodies (Ab2) to produce Ab2−Ag−Fc signal amplifier. In the presence of IL‐8 with different concentrations, the peak currents from the formed sandwich‐like structure Ab2−Ag−Fc/IL‐8/Ab1/CB can increase with the increase of IL‐8 concentration, a sensitive and low‐cost electrochemical immunosensor for IL‐8 was thus constructed based on this principle. After optimizing the related control conditions, a wide linear range (3.0 pg mL−1 to 2.0 ng mL−1) and very low detection limit (1.0 pg mL−1) were achieved, it's thus convinced the developed sensor has important clinical applications.