bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The epidemiology and disease pattern of pediatric ocular morbidities in Western India: The National Institute of OphthalMology AmBlyopia StUdy in Indian Paediatric EyeS (NIMBUS) study report 1
Authors: Kelkar Jai , Kelkar Aditya , Thakur Prajakta , Jain Harsh H. , Kelkar Shreekant 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To determine the pattern of pediatric ocular morbidities in western India.

Methods:
This was a retrospective longitudinal study that included all consecutive children aged £15 years who presented to the outpatient department of a tertiary eye center for the first time. Patient demographics, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and ocular examination data were compiled. Subgroup analysis was also performed based on age group (years): £5, 5–10, and >10–15.

Results:
A total of 11,126 eyes of 5563 children were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 5.15 (±3.32) years with males (57.07%) being predominant. Approximately half of the patients (50.19%) were under the age of 5 years, followed by those aged 5–10 years (45.1%) and >10–15 years (4.71%). Among the study eyes, the BCVA was ³20/60 in 58.57%, indeterminable in 35.16%, and <20/60 in 6.71%. The commonest ocular morbidity noted was refractive error (28.97%) followed by allergic conjunctivitis (7.64%) and strabismus (4.95%) in the total study cohort and also after age stratification.

Conclusion:
Refractive error, allergic conjunctivitis, and strabismus are the major causes of ocular morbidity in pediatric eyes at a tertiary care center. Planning screening programs at the regional and national levels is crucial to decreasing the burden of eye disorders. These programs also need to have a suitable referral mechanism established and be smoothly connected to primary and secondary health-care centers. This will help to assure quality eye care delivery, while also reducing the strain of overworked tertiary centers.
Slit-lamp assisted TORic Marker (STORM): A novel corneal axis marker
Authors: Israni Neeraj , Kochar Shruti , Kadu Amol , Shah Shreya 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Toric Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are supposed to be aligned at a particular axis for spectacle-free vision for distance. The evolution of topographers and optical biometers has made it quite achievable for us to aim the target. However, the result sometimes remains unpredictable. A big aspect of this depends on the preop axis marking for toric IOL alignment. Errors in axis marking have been reduced recently with the array of different toric markers in the market, but still we see postoperative refractive surprises due to faulty marking.

Purpose:
In this video, we present a novel slit lamp–based toric marker innovation, STORM, which gives us a hands-free approach to a reliable and accurate axis marking on the cornea. The axis marker is a simple modification to our age-old marker, with the advantage of no touch and slit-lamp assistance, which will make it error free and easy to use.

Synopsis:
The present innovation answers the problem statement of stable, economical, and accurate marking solution. Many a times, hand-holding devices create inaccurate and stressed condition while marking the cornea before corneal surgery.

Highlights:
The invention can be used for marking of accurate and easy astigmatic axis of a toric IOL preoperatively, that is, before the surgery. If the appropriate device is used to mark the cornea, it would impact the outcome of surgery. This device also makes the patient and the surgeon comfortable to mark the cornea with accuracy and without hesitation.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/4MVM7HRwz70

Key words: Slit lamp based toric marker, Corneal axis marker, Toric marker innovation- STORM
Hidden blind spot and pseudofixation loss
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Correct mapping of the blind spot is important, as it serves as an estimate of fixation reliability. When the blind spot is not seen in the expected location in Humphrey visual field (HVF) printout, the clinician should give a thought to why this might be the case.

Purpose:
This video describes a series of cases, in which due to different reasons the blind spot could not be seen in the presumed expected location in the grayscale and numeric data of the HVF printout and the possible explanation behind this.

Synopsis:
When interpreting perimetry results, it is important to know whether the field test is reliable or not. A stimulus presented at the location of physiologic blind spot should not be seen by a patient with a steady fixation in Heijl–Krakau method. Responses will also occur, however, if the patient has a tendency for false-positive responses, or when the blind spot of the properly fixing eye is not in the location where the test stimulus is presented, because of anatomic variation, or if the patient’s head is tilted while performing the test.

Highlights:
Perimetrist should recognize these potential artifact, during the test and relocate the blind spot. In case, such results are seen after finishing the test, it is recommended for the clinician to repeat the test.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/I1gxmMWqDQA

Key words: Humphrey visual field, Blind spot mapping, False positive response
Correlation between hypertensive retinopathy and fetal outcomes in patients with preeclampsia in a tertiary care hospital: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Jacob Ninan , Kasturi Nirupama , Deb Amit K , Maurya Dilip K 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To study the effect of increasing grades of hypertensive retinopathy (HTR) on neonatal outcomes among preeclamptic women and assess the various maternal risk factors for HTR.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was conducted on 258 preeclamptic women. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), liver, and renal function parameters were collected besides basic demographic details. Dilated fundus examination with the Keith–Wagner–Barker classification was used to grade HTR. Following delivery, neonatal outcomes were evaluated.

Results:
Of the 258 preeclamptic women recruited, 53.1% had preeclampsia (PE), and 46.9% had severe preeclampsia. With increasing grades of HTR, a significant association with low birth weight (LBW) (p = 0.012) and preterm gestational age (p = 0.002) was noted but not with the Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) score (p = 0.062). Also, it did not increase the risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), with most babies, even those born to mothers with high grades of HTR, showing no evidence of ROP (p = 0.025). Among the maternal factors, increasing age (p = 0.016), SBP (p < 0.001), DBP (p < 0.001), serum creatinine (p = 0.035), alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.008), lower hemoglobin (Hb) (p = 0.009), lower platelet (p < 0.001), and severe PE (p < 0.001) have been found to significantly affect the grade of HTR.

Conclusion:
Higher grades of HTR in the preeclamptic mother are associated with preterm delivery and LBW of the neonates but neither affect the APGAR score nor pose the risk of developing ROP.
Head and facial anthropometry of the Indian population for designing a spectacle frame
Authors: Maseedupalli Srikanth , Priyanka P V Jhansi , Konda Sampath , Kolli Lakshmi Naveena 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To establish the normative data of the head and face measurements needed to design an appropriate spectacle frame for the Indian population.

Methods:
Indian subjects between 20 and 40 years were included in the study. Thirteen parameters were measured using the direct and indirect methods using ImageJ software. Photographs of subjects were captured in the primary gaze position, with the head turned toward the subject’s right and left by 90° from the primary gaze.

Results:
The mean ± standard deviation of age was 27.6 ± 5.7; 55.38% were males. An independent t-test showed a significant difference in nose width (P = 0.001), inter-pupillary distance (P = 0.032), and body mass index (P = .012) between males and females. Inner inter-canthi distance (P = .265), outer inter-canthi distance (P = .509), and frontal angles (P = .536) showed no significant difference. There is a significant difference in face width compared with the other studies. The mean head width of males (154.168 ± 9.121) was wider than that of females (145.431 ± 8.923). This suggests a smaller distance between the temples of a spectacle frame for females.

Conclusion:
Considering the above factors, there is a need for a customized spectacle frame design providing better optics, improved cosmesis, and comfort to the wearer.
Perceptions toward healthcare and dental care services among parents and caretakers of people with intellectual disability (PWID)—A questionnaire study
Authors: Mohd Farah N , Said Abdul H , Mat Naji Ahmad Syahir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAim and Objective:In Malaysia, there was lack of local evidence on the perception of parents/caretakers of people with intellectual disabilities (PWID) about healthcare. Thus, this study aims to assess the perceptions toward healthcare services of parents or caretakers for PWID.Materials and Methods:Online survey using Google Forms was conducted on parents/caretakers of PWID who attended the special care dentistry clinic and special community centers in Kuantan, Pahang. A questionnaire was developed for data collection. Cronbach alpha was conducted to measure the reliability. Content and face validation was performed to establish the validity. Data entry and analysis were done using IBM statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 24. This study only involved univariate (descriptive) data analysis in which categorical data were summarized in actual numbers and percentages.Results:The respondents’ perceptions toward healthcare access and services were reasonably good; about 50% disagreed and strongly disagreed on having difficulty accessing healthcare facilities. 65% and 55% of parents/caretakers brought PWID for regular health and dental checkups. The majority agreed and strongly agreed (about 73%) that healthcare staff gave equal services and good support and showed positive attitudes toward PWID under their care. Insufficient healthcare information and below-par communication skills remained the main barriers faced by the parents/caretakers of PWID. About 13% of the respondents reported experiencing discrimination in receiving health and dental services for PWID under their care. The Cronbach alpha scores for sections 2 and 4 were 0.892 and 0.681, respectively.Conclusion:Most of the respondents felt that Malaysia’s healthcare services for PWID were fairly good. However, it was intriguing to find that some still experienced discrimination. This shows that education about intellectual disability is salient for healthcare workers and should be embedded in the current curriculum.
Determination of fatty acids composition by GC-MS and physicochemical parameters of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil cultivated in Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Mulu , Ele Yaya Estifanos , Singh Chandravanshi Bhagwan , Redi-Abshiro Mesfin 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil was extracted using petroleum ether and analyzed for fatty acid compositions and physicochemical parameters of the oil. The seeds were found to contain 43.6% (%w/w) oil. Linoleic (50.7%), oleic (18.8%), palmitic (17.9%) and stearic (12.4%) were found as the primary fatty acids in pumpkin seed oil. Physicochemical parameters of pumpkin seed oil were found to be acid value (1.32 mg KOH/g oil), saponification value (191 mg KOH/g oil), iodine value (114 g I2/100 g), peroxide value (3.6 meq/kg), specific gravity (0.91 g/mL), refractive index (1.47) and viscosity (24.7). According to the study's findings, 50% of the oil contains the essential fatty acid omega-6 (linoleic acid). The high concentration of essential linoleic acid in pumpkin seed oil implies that it is a nutrient-dense food. The physicochemical study of the pumpkin seed oil samples also showed that they were suitable as industrial ingredients for making soap, cosmetics, medications, and food additives, among other things.

KEY WORDS: Pumpkin seed oil, Fatty acids, Oil content, Physicochemical parameters, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Ethiopia

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 565-577.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.3
Structure and properties of strontium phosphate glasses modified with aluminum oxide applied as glass ionomer cement
Authors: El-Damrawi G. , Shosha D. , M. Abdelghany A. , I.  Abdelghany M. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. Studied glasses in the system 50P2O5-(49-x)SrO-1AlF3-xAl2O3 (mol%), 0≤x≤4.5, were prepared via the melt-annealing technique. The prepared samples are transparent amorphous network structures. Glasses are still transparent upon the heat treatment at 540 ºC for 4 hours. 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been applied to determine the structural role of Al2O3. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Vickers hardness (Hv) measurements have been carried out. XRD spectroscopy is used to investigate the glasses' crystalline features. The crystallinity was enhanced via the heat treatment process. Some of investigated strontium phosphate glasses are recommended to be applied in dental applications.

KEY WORDS: NMR, Aluminum oxide, GIC, X-ray diffraction, Strontium phosphate

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 653-662.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.9
The efficacy of scent leaf (Ocimum grattissimum) in controlling cowpea pod borer (Maruca vitrata) In Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Emeribe E.O. , Agbim J.U 
Published: March 2023

This experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, between May-August, 2018. It investigated the efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum against cowpea pod borer, Maruca vitrata. Four rates of liquid extracts were used, 0, 50, 100, and 150 mls as treatments using randomized complete block design. Proximate analysis on Ocimum gratissimum revealed percentage nutritional contents of ash 14.58%, moisture 82.22%, fibre 9.37% and protein 3.16%. Phytochemical analysis revealed phytate, 12.45g, tannin, 15.43g, sapogenin 11.64g, anthocyanidines 0.27g, and quinine 11.09g. Mineral compositions were Sodium 0.321mg/100g, potassium 0.355mg/100g, calcium 0.0144mg/100g, Magnesium 1.85mg/100g and cadmium 0.187/100g. Heavy metals include zinc, 0.250mg/100g, cadmium 0.00mg/100g, chromium 0.00mg/100g, Fe 0.381mg/100g, Nickel 0.291mg/100g and manganese 0.492mg/100g. Infrared compounds were alcohol 3344.5, aldehyde 2719, carboxylic acid 2995.5, alkenes 2804.4, isocyanate 2804.4. Data were collected on number of insects observed after application, number of plants infested, number of leaves damaged, and number of pods per plot and yield weight. Further results showed that treatments reduced number of insects, number of plants infested, number of leaves damaged, 2, 3, 4 WAP and these were significantlydifferent P≤0.05. Number of pods and yield weight were significantly P≤0.05 different over the control. In this study, Ocimum gratissimum reduced the number of insect pest attack (Maruca vitrata) on cowpea and these actions were due to the anti-nutritional constituents contained in the extract.
Best Practice for Administering Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) Injection: An Evidence-Based Practice Project
Authors: Alasmari Faisal A. , Hazazi Mohammad A. , Ebrahim Ebtisam A. , Thazha Mirshad T. , Alkouz Daoud A. , ALhawsawi Hadeel Y. , Al Romaili Rudayna H. , Almalad Thaer W. 
Published: March 2023

Context: Anticoagulation with subcutaneous heparin is the most common treatment for thromboembolic illnesses. LMWH is currently the most popular parenteral anticoagulant drug. Low molecular weight heparins are given by subcutaneous injection. This form of administration frequently results in adverse reactions, such as pain at the injection site, bruising, pain, sclerosis, and the development of hematomas.
Aim: Determine the best practice for administering low molecular weight heparin.
Methods: A total of 60 patients were included in the incremental rollout stage. The evidence-based practice team used a data collection tool to assess the incidence of bruising and pain. After appraising and synthesizing the evidence, the practice changes to use the abdomen as the first choice for injection of low-molecular-weight heparin was rolled out in the cardiac ward from OCT 2021 to NOV 2021.
Results: Highly statistically significant was found between both groups regarding injection site and incidence of pain P=0.000. Regarding the incidence of bruising, a statistically significant difference was found between both groups, p=0.004.
Conclusion: The abdomen should be the first choice for injection of low-molecular-weight heparin.
Fibre and Water, The mega nutrients of metabolic health
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Arora Saurabh , Kapoor Nitin 
Published: March 2023

Nutrients are conventionally classified as macronutrients (carbohydrates, fat and protein), and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals, electrolytes). This classification is based upon the quantity required to maintain health, and also, perhaps, the caloric value of the concerned nutrient. We support the use of the descriptor meganutrient for fibre and water. The latter is required in significantly larger quantities to maintain health, and manage metabolic disease such as diabetes and obesity. Fibre has a chemical mega-structure, and its description as a meganutrient reinforces its functions, which are different from other carbohydrates.
Keywords: Diet, fibre, H2O, medical nutrition therapy, nutrition, water
Effect of post-operative infections on glioblastoma outcomes
Authors: Shah Zara , Kamran Bakhshi Saqib , Shamim Muhammad Shahzad 
Published: March 2023

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumour with a poor prognosis. The risk of developing a post-operative infection after craniotomy is the highest in GBM patients. Historical beliefs suggest that post-operative infections render a survival advantage in GBM patients, however recent clinical neurosurgical reports involving large multicentric patient cohorts do not support this claim. Nonetheless, the relationship has not been extensively studied which poses the need for further large, scaled studies to determine the association between post-operative infections and survival benefit in GBM patients.
Keywords: Surgical site infections; glioblastoma surgery; survival time.
INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF INSURANCE FIRMS
Authors: Kajwang Ben 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The research determined the influence of knowledge management practices on the performance of insurance firms.
Methodology: A desk study review method was used to deduct the findings regarding the study objective.
Findings: The ability of an organization to innovate, whether through enhanced procedures or enhanced goods and services, is the primary factor that determines whether or not the implementation of knowledge management systems has a positive effect on performance. As a risk management sector, the insurance industry plays a significant part in the economy that is built on services provided by other businesses. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence that knowledge management strategies have on the operational efficiency of insurance companies. Knowledge management is a strategic activity that an organization engages in to ensure that the knowledge activities contribute to improved performance and profitability. This link between knowledge management and the firm's strategic plans is established through knowledge management, which is a strategic activity of an organization. The insurance sector should make a concerted effort to adopt knowledge management methods because these strategies are a critical component in boosting a company's inventive capacity and, as a result, the company's overall performance. They should also encourage knowledge exchange among employees in order to improve the quality of work, strengthen decision-making skills, and increase problem-solving competences, which would ultimately benefit the firm. According to the findings, techniques for knowledge management are being used as instruments in the insurance industry with the intention of achieving a performance advantage for the purpose of competing with other businesses.
Unique contribution of theory, practice and policy: The authors expose other problems with the management of knowledge in the insurance industry and recommend that the industry adopt structured knowledge management methodologies as a solution to these problems. They provide this information as a component of their argument. This will enhance their capability to perform well in the business sector and boost the possibility that they will remain relevant in the future.
Factors Influencing the Adoption of Cloud Computing and Information Management
Authors: Mosiara Shavlyn 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Over the years, advances in science and technology have resulted in several modern educational methods that have improved learners' expertise. These new methods have been distinguished by their reliance on technological innovations to improve educational effectiveness and efficiency. E-learning and distance learning are two of the most significant technological innovations that have emerged in recent years, with the goal of making the learner the focus of the educational process rather than the teacher . The appropriate application of technological innovations such as cloud computing in the educational process will undoubtedly lead to the discovery of novel solutions to educational problems. This study, therefore, sought to identify the factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing and information management systems in academic institutions.
Methodology: A desktop literature review was used for this purpose in identifying relevant seminal references and journal articles for the study using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed papers that have already been done since the introduction of cloud computing in businesses and educational facilities.
Findings: The study found that organizational factors such as top management commitment, staff attitudes, and appropriate skills have a significant influence on the adoption of cloud computing and information management technology within academic institutions. Environmental related factors including industry competition as well as technological factors such as perceived benefits, complexity, and compatibility influenced academic institutions' adoption of cloud computing technology.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To promote cloud computing, service providers should provide successful case studies and statistics to assist companies, particularly academic institutions, in realizing the potential benefits.