bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the Impact of Alcohol ban on Prevalence of Undertrial Prisoners of Liquor &amp; Narcotics Drugs related Acts violation in Bihar - A twelve year (2010-2021) comparative cross-sectional study-V2
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
There is a global prerequisite for making and implementing a diminution strategy in the want of drugs of addiction, both legal and banned, which may otherwise lead to plentiful negative health, family, socio-economic and mental consequences. During the 63rd session of the WHA (World Health Assembly), held at Geneva in May 2010, including India the 193 global member states reached on mutual consensus for global strategies to trim down the detrimental use of alcohol by adopting resolution WHA 63.13. The (GoI) Government of India enforced THE NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT, 1985, ACT NO. 61 OF 1985 with guidelines, protocols and essential framework to reduce drug abuse and sale in India. Alcohol causes 3 million deaths per annum globally; responsible for 5.1% of the global burden of disease, gender wise harmful consumption of alcohol is about 7.1% in males compared to 2.2% in females. The Bihar Excise Act, 1915 was amended and new amendment Act, 2016 was enforced from 01.04.2016, vide Gazette Notification No. 1485 dated 05.04.2016. Absolute Prohibition of sale and consumption of liquor in any form was declared in the State of Bihar. Bihar Prohibition and Excise Act, 2016 was notified on 2nd of October 2016 to put into effect complete ban of alcohol consumption/sale in the territory of Bihar. The key objective of this study is to find out impact of alcohol ban on the prevalence of Undertrial Prisoners of Liquor & Narcotics Drugs related Acts violation before the intervention (i.e. alcohol ban) and after alcohol ban. This novel cross sectional research study revealed that there is 1190.39 percent increase in the Undertrial prisoners violating Bihar Liquor & Narcotics Drugs Excise Act after absolute prohibition of sale and consumption of liquor in Bihar, India. Added to this the research study also revealed that there is 355.12 percent and 169.30 percent increase in violation of Liquor & Narcotics Drugs Prohibition Act as well as Liquor & Narcotics Drugs NDPS Act respectively during the period when alcohol is banned in the state of Bihar as compared to same period before alcohol ban.
An underlying motor bias shapes individuality during vocal learning
Authors: Toji Noriyuki , Sawai Azusa , Wang Hongdi , Ji Yu , Sugioka Rintaro , Go Yasuhiro , Wada Kazuhiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The emergence of individuality during learned behavior is a general feature of animal species, yet the biological bases of its development remain unknown. Similar to human speech, songbirds develop individually-unique songs with species-specific traits through vocal learning. By taking advantage of songbirds as a model system for studying the neural basis of vocal learning and development, we utilized F1 hybrid songbirds (Taeniopygia guttata cross with T. bichenovii) to examine the developmental and molecular mechanisms underlying individuality in vocal learning. When tutoring with songs from both parental species, F1 pupils showed vast individual differences in their acquired songs. Approximately 30% of F1 hybrids selectively learned either song of the two parental species, whereas others developed merged songs between the parental species. Vocal acoustic biases during vocal babbling were initially observed as individual differences in songs among F1 juveniles, which were maintained through the sensitive period of song vocal learning. These individual differences in vocal acoustic biases appeared independently from the auditory experience of hearing biological farther’s and passive tutored songs. Furthermore, the idiosyncratic traits of F1 hybrids’ songs were not correlated with peripheral vocal organ morphology. However, we identified unique transcriptional signatures from the glutamatergic neurons projecting from the cortical vocal output nucleus to the hypoglossal nuclei associated with individual differences in the acoustic vocal biases, even at the initial stage of vocal learning. These results indicate that a predisposed motor bias influences the individuality observed when learning new motor skills.
Genetic diversity among grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) cultivars grown in Pakistan by using ISSR markers
Authors: Ali Naila , Afrasiab Humera , Latif Zakia , Iqbal Adnan , nisa Zaib-un , Hakimi Syed Samiullah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Many European and indigenous cultivars of grapes are grown in Pakistan, however, their interrelationship is indistinct. For the identification of these cultivars ampelographic and genetic characterization were used to analyze the similarities and relatedness of grapevine cultivars. Morphological characterization of grapevine cultivars namely Red Globe, Autumn Royal, Crimson, Thompson, Perlette, Kings Ruby, Sundarkhani included berry morphology, fruit skin color, flesh color, sweetness, compactness, and weight of bunch of each cultivar and all the grapevine cultivars were different from each other morphologically based on the studied characters. Molecular diversity of these cultivars was evaluated using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) marker.
Six primers were evaluated which produced a total number of 84 scored bands ranging from 150bp to 1200bp. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.233-0.457 and percentage of polymorphism varied with each primer ranging from 83 % to 100 %. All grape cultivars were vegetatively propagated which minimized genetic variation as the source of differences among them during the experimental work and data analysis. Our results indicate that ISSR fingerprints are an efficient method for identification and resolution of genetic diversity between different grape cultivars.
Virtual Family-Centered Rounds in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rosenthal Jennifer , Tancredi Daniel , Marcin James , Ketchersid Audriana , Horath Elva , Zerda Erika , Bushong Trevor , Merriott Daniel , Romano Patrick , Young Heather , Hoffman Kristin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Family-centered rounds is recognized as a best practice for hospitalized children, but it has only been possible for children whose families can physically be at the bedside during hospital rounds. The use of telehealth to bring a family member virtually to the child’s bedside during rounds is a promising solution. We aim to evaluate the impact of virtual family-centered rounds in the neonatal intensive care unit on parental and neonatal outcomes.
Methods: This two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will randomize families of hospitalized infants to have the option to use telehealth for virtual rounds (intervention) or usual care (control). The intervention-arm families will also have the option to participate in rounds in-person or to not participate in rounds. All eligible infants who are admitted to this single-site neonatal intensive care unit during the study period will be included. Eligibility requires that there be an English-proficient adult parent or guardian. We will measure participant-level outcome data to test the impact on family-centered rounds attendance, parent experience, family-centered care, parent activation, parent health-related quality of life, length of stay, breastmilk feeding, and neonatal growth. Additionally, we will conduct a mixed methods implementation evaluation using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework.
Discussion: The findings from this trial will increase our understanding about virtual family-centered rounds in the neonatal intensive care unit. The mixed methods implementation evaluation will enhance our understanding about the contextual factors that influence the implementation and rigorous evaluation of our intervention.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05762835. Status: Not yet recruiting. First Posted: 3/10/2023; Last Update Posted: 3/10/2023.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Biomarkers in a Bi-monthly Maintenance Dosing Aflibercept in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Park Jong Beom , Kim Kiyoung , Kang Min Seok , Kim Eung Suk , Yu Seung-Young 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the correlations between swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) parameters and clinical outcomes in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) administered a bimonthly intravitreal afliberceptregimen.
Methods: This prospective, single-arm, interventional study enrolled 33 patients with treatment-naïve nAMD. The eyes received three monthly aflibercept injections followed by five bi-monthly regimens (total 50 weeks). The structural parameters including central subfield thickness (CST) and 5 mm pigment epithelial detachment (PED) volume and microvascular parameters including macular neovascularization (MNV) area, vessel density (VD), and vessel length density (VLD) were recorded every before and 1 week after treatment.
Results: Patients who gained >5 letters of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from the baseline showed greater decreases in VD and VLD during the loading phase. Patients without recurrent or persistent fluid during the maintenance phase showed greater decreases in CST and 5 mm PED volume after the first injection. The decrease in mean VD during the loading phase was significantly correlated with the final BCVA (r = -0.820, p = 0.004). Moreover, the decrease in mean VLD during the loading phase was significantly correlated with the improvement in the final BCVA (r = -0.726, p = 0.017).
Conclusions:The initial reductions in CST, VD, and VLD after intravitreal injection were associated with greater BCVA improvement. Therefore, early changes in OCTA microvascular and OCT structural parameters could help predict clinical outcomes in nAMD.
The trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), which joined the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (Registration number: KCT0007375, Date of first trial registration: 10/06/2022).
Perceived risk of LSD use in the United States from 2015-2019: Are Americans assessing LSD’s risk profile more favorably?
Authors: Barnett Brian S. , Anand Akhil , Dewey Elizabeth N. , Smith Darron , Nayak Sandeep M. , Weleff Jeremy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Most Americans perceive lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to be a high-risk drug, despite infrequent serious adverse events associated with its use. Though LSD use is rising in the United States, little has been written about whether perceived risk of LSD (prLSD) is changing or factors influencing prLSD.
Methods: Using National Survey on Drug Use and Health data from 2015-2019, we investigated correlates of and temporal trends in prLSD.
Results: On multivariable modeling for respondents 18 years of age and older, lower prLSD was associated in a statistically significant manner with later survey year, personal LSD use, younger age, higher education level, male gender, identifying as a sexual minority, having less self-influential religious beliefs, past year psychological distress, and other factors. Higher prLSD was associated in a statistically significant manner with identifying as Black or Hispanic, past year suicide attempt, and having children in the home. From 2015-2019, there was a statistically significant linear decreasing trend in proportion of respondents who perceived “great” risk in trying LSD [from 70.5% to 64.8%; (p<0.0001)].
Conclusions: We observed important differences in prLSD among subgroups, suggesting factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, and personal history of LSD use could significantly influence prLSD. Our findings also indicate that Americans as a whole appear to be assessing LSD’s risk profile more favorably in recent years.
Medial entorhinal cortex plays a specialized role in learning of flexible, context-dependent interval timing behavior
Authors: Heys James , Bigus Erin , Lee Hyun-Woo , Shi Jiani 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

In order to survive and adapt in a dynamic environment, animals must perceive and remember the temporal structure of events and actions across a wide range of timescales, including so-called interval timing on the scale of seconds to minutes1,2. Episodic memory (i.e. the ability to remember specific, personal events that occur in spatial and temporal context) requires accurate temporal processing and is known to require neural circuits in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), including medial entorhinal cortex (MEC)3–5. Recently, it has been discovered that neurons in MEC termed time cells, fire regularly at brief moments as animals engage in interval timing behavior, and as a population, display sequential neural activity that tiles the entire timed epoch6. It has been hypothesized that MEC time cell activity could provide temporal information necessary for episodic memories, yet it remains unknown whether the neural dynamics of MEC time cells display a critical feature necessary for encoding experience. That is, whether MEC time cells display context-dependent activity. To address this question, we developed a novel behavioral paradigm that requires learning complex temporal contingencies. Applying this novel interval timing task in mice, in concert with methods for manipulating neural activity and methods for large-scale cellular resolution neurophysiological recording, we have uncovered a specific role for MEC in flexible, context-dependent learning of interval timing behavior. Further, we find evidence for a common circuit mechanism that could drive both sequential activity of time cells and spatially selective neurons in MEC.
Growth patterns of young achondroplasia patients in Korea and predictability of neurosurgical procedures
Authors: Lee Jong Seok , Shim Youngbo , Cho Tae-Joon , Kim Seung-Ki , Ko Jung Min , Phi Ji Hoon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder mainly affecting bony growth, typically resulting in markedly short stature. From a neurosurgical viewpoint, patients sometimes develop spinal cord compression at the narrowed foramen magnum and hydrocephalus. This study aims to construct growth references for height, weight, and head circumference (HC) of young achondroplasia patients in Korea and to evaluate the predictability of the necessity and timing of neurosurgical procedures through growth patterns.Methods Growth data were collected from achondroplasia patients who visited our institution between January 2002 and August 2022. First, we constructed percentile growth curves of height, weight, and HC for the patients under 3 years of age with the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). Second, the growth patterns of the patients with hydrocephalus who underwent neurosurgical procedures such as foramen magnum decompression (FMD) and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt were analyzed.Results There were 125 achondroplasia patients, including 67 males and 58 females. Among 125 patients, 46 underwent FMD, and 5 underwent VP shunt. As short stature and macrocephaly were typical characteristics of achondroplasia, the height of achondroplasia was lower than that of the general population, and HC in achondroplasia showed accelerated growth postnatally. There were no significant changes in HC in hydrocephalus patients before they underwent neurosurgical procedures. The influence of hydrocephalus on the growth patterns of HC in achondroplasia seemed insignificant.Conclusion Growth references for height, weight, and HC in young achondroplasia patients were constructed. It is the first report of growth patterns of achondroplasia in Korea. Unlike other pediatric patients, the diagnosis of hydrocephalus and the necessity of neurosurgical procedures are hard to be predicted with HC in achondroplasia. Neuroimaging should be considered for achondroplasia patients with neurological symptoms.
A Machine Learning-based Diagnosis and Prediction of Diabetes Mellitus Disease
Authors: Thotad Puneeth N 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Traditional diagnostic techniques are prone to human error and are time-consuming. Computer-aided diagnostic procedures improve performance and reduce expenses. This paper presents machine learning-based classifiers to detect diabetes in India, and Indian Demographic & Health Survey (2019–21) dataset is considered for the analysis. Classifiers like Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest are considered. The four phases adopted in work include preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and analysis. Principal Component Analysis is used for feature reduction. Hyper-tuning parameters are tuned to achieve good performance of the classifiers. From the results, Random Forest has given the maximum classification accuracy, precision, recall, and area under the curve compared with other models. The work finds application in healthcare for the predictive analysis of diabetes.
Intelligent voice system design for smart classroom construction based on Speech enhancement algorithm
Authors: Lu Heping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Online education brings both opportunities and challenges to educational institutions. The current application of traditional intelligent mode is relatively backward, in the reform of English learning, but also pays attention to students' learning participation, which will directly affect their learning effect. Therefore, this article explores and offers appropriate recommendations. For example, the development of cloud collection technology, through the installation of classroom intelligent equipment, through intelligent voice system, identify each student's parameters and classroom environment, record students' learning state, then the machine learning results are applied to intelligent classroom management to improve the classroom time utilization rate and students' learning efficiency. The whole system also includes data acquisition equipment, management node, cloud server and cloud data management equipment platform. After designing the relevant system, this paper conducts a practical research on college students' English learning under the intelligent classroom environment. After practice, questionnaire survey was conducted on the construction and use of wisdom classroom. The data show that the use of wireless sensor network and intelligent voice system, and applied in intelligent classroom, greatly improve the students' learning participation.
Oncologic relevance of genetic alterations in sporadic synchronous and solitary colorectal cancer: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Son Il Tae , Kim Minsung , Oh Bo-Young , Kim Min Jeong , Yoon Sang Nam , Park Jun Ho , Kim Byung Chun , Kim Jong Wan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Oncologic impact of genetic alteration across synchronous colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the oncologic relevance according to genetic alteration between synchronous and solitary CRC with performing systematic review.
Methods Multicenter retrospective analysis was performed for CRC patients with curative resection. Genetic profiling was consisted of microsatellite instability (MSI) testing, RAS (K-ras, and N-ras), and BRAF (v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) V600E mutation. Multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression for synchronicity,and Cox proportional hazard model with stage-adjusting for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results It was identified synchronous (n = 36) and solitary (n = 579) CRC with similar base line characteristics. RAS mutation was associated to synchronous CRC with no relations of MSI and BRAF. During median follow up of 77.8 month, Kaplan-meier curves showed significant differences according to MSI-high for OS, and in RAS, and BRAF mutation for DFS, respectively. In multivariable analyses, RAS and BRAFmutation were independent factors (RAS, HR = 1.808, 95% CI = 1.18–2.77, p = 0.007; BRAF, HR = 2.417, 95% CI = 1.32–4.41, p = 0.004). Old age was independent factor for OS (HR = 3.626, 95% CI = 1.09–12.00, p = 0.035).
Conclusion This study showed that oncologic outcomes might differ according to mutation burden characterized by RAS, BRAF, and MSI between synchronous CRC and solitary CRC. In addition, our systematic review highlighted a lack of data and much heterogeneity in genetic characteristics and survival outcomes of synchronous CRC relative to that of solitary CRC.
Prediction of Calcineurin inhibition using Phosphatase activity in immunosuppressing (Tacrolimus) oral drug dose regimen and its clinical correlation.
Authors: Reddy U.Swetha , D.M.Sruj  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This is a pilot study conducted to validate the intensity of immunosuppression that an individual with kidney transplant develops post-surgical grafting of the organ. It also entails the plausible clinical and pharmacological factors that can contribute to the rejection of the organ on a broader scale. The immunosuppression drug under research is Tacrolimus (FK506), that is assayed for its inhibition of Calcineurin Phosphatase Activity (CPA/CaN Activity) resulting in acceptance and stabilization of the organ system as a whole after transplant. This study also attempts to prescribe a dose regimen by estimating the bioavailability of the oral dosage form. The subjects participating in this trial are an all-male group and are studied for a period of 3-6 months immediately after the surgical transplantation procedure. Therefore, the initial results obtained with the procedures followed are potential for a cohort study (of all genders and age groups).
Cat-Scratch disease manifesting as uveitis and binocular fundus nodular lesions: a case report
Authors: Hong Hao , Li Tianxi , Ying Ye , An Qi , Liu Hu , Liang Kang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Cat-scratch disease usually manifests with uveitis, vitritis, retinitis, retinochoroiditis and optic neuritis, yet, with fundus nodular lesions rarely reported. In our study, we report a case of Cat-Scratch disease with binocular fundus nodular lesions.
Case presentation
An 11-year old male presented with uveitis (right eye) and binocular fundus nodular lesions after indirect contact with unvaccinated cats. Ancillary examinations (Wide-angle fundus photography, Ultrasonography, Fluorescein fundus angiography, Optical coherence tomography and Orbital Magnetic Resonance Imaging) were conducted to describe the multidimensional features of the binocular lesions. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing confirmed the diagnosis of Cat-scratch disease. The patient’s condition improved after 6-month combination treatment of systemical doxycycline hyclat and methylprednisolone tablets plus local mydriatic and corticosteroid eye drops.
Conclusions
We firstly reported a case simultaneously combined with uveitis and binocular fundus nodular lesions secondary to infection of Bartonella henselae in a child. Timely diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids could improve the prognosis of these disorders.