bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological stimulation for children living in low socioeconomic level suburbs from Guatemala City: A study protocol.
Authors: Rodríguez-Prieto Pablo , Simpson Ian Craig , Gómez-Baya Diego , Cadena Claudia García de la , Ruiz-Aranda Desirée , Ibáñez-Alfonso Joaquín A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Guatemala remains one of the poorest countries in central America and suffers from high rates of social inequality and violence. Among other disadvantages, this unfavourable socioeconomic context poses a risk to children’s emotional and cognitive development. In addition to the negative impact that two years without attending school has had on Guatemalan children, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the country’s economic stability has worsened the socioeconomic divide that these children face. This work presents a protocol for implementing a cognitive and emotional stimulation program with the goal of increasing the academic performance of these children and consequently improve their quality of life.
Methods: The protocol proposes the implementation of a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a 24-session-long stimulation program. It contains activities targeting the cognitive functions of attention, language, executive functions, and social cognition, using the digital neurorehabilitation platform NeuronUP. The participants (n = 480) will be randomly assigned to either the Experimental or Control group. Pre- and post-intervention assessments will be carried out, together with a follow-up in the next academic year, in which both groups will change roles.
Discussion: Mid- and long-term outcomes are still unknown, but effective interventions based on this protocol are expected to facilitate the following benefits for participants: (1) improved cognitive and emotional development; (2) improved academic performance; (3) improved well-being. We expect to create a validated neuropsychological stimulation program that could be applied in similar socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts around the world to help these children improve their life chances.
Trial registration: This project has been registered in the Open Science Foundation data base on the 10th of February 2022 (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JVZ6W).
How reliability and carbon prices impact pathways to universal electricity access in Africa
Authors: Beath Hamish , Mittal shivika , Few Sheridan , Winchester Benedict , Sandwell Philip , Markides Christos N. , Nelson Jenny , Gambhir Ajay 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Off-grid PV systems have been proposed as a panacea for economies with poor electricity access, offering a lower-cost “leapfrog” over grid infrastructure used in higher-income economies. Previous research examining pathways to electricity access may understate the role of off-grid PV as it has not considered reliability and carbon pricing impacts. We perform high-resolution geospatial analysis on universal household electricity access in Sub-Saharan Africa that includes these aspects via least-cost pathways at different electricity demand levels. Under our "Tier 3" demand reference scenario, 24% of our study’s 470 million people obtaining electricity access by 2030 do so via off-grid PV. A penalty for unmet demand (0.50 $/kWh) increases this share to 41% and applying a carbon price (around $80/tonne CO2-eq) increases it to 38%. We identify thresholds for policy effectiveness in different regions and highlight the high degree of spatial heterogeneity and the areas where policy intervention may be most effective.
Introducing a triage and Nurse on Call model in primary health care – a focus group study of health care staff’s experiences
Authors: Gelin Maria , Gesar Berit , Källberg Ann-Sofie , Ehrenberg Anna , Gustavsson Catharina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
With the increased demand for health care services and with simultaneous staff shortages, new work models are needed in primary health care. In November 2015, a Swedish primary health care centre introduced a work model consisting of a structured patient sorting system with triage and Nurse on Call. The aim of this study was to describe the staff’s experiences of introducing the triage and Nurse on Call model at the primary health care centre.
Methods
Five focus group discussions with staff (n = 39) were conducted 4 years after the introduction of the work model. Groups were divided by profession: medical secretaries, nursing assistants, physicians, primary health care nurses, and registered nurses. The transcribed text from the discussions was analysed using qualitative inductive content analysis.
Results
The analysis resulted in the main category: The introduction of triage and Nurse on Call addresses changed preconditions in primary health care, but the organization, work culture and acquisition of new knowledge are lagging behind. The main category had five generic categories: (1) Changed preconditions in primary health care motivate new work models; (2) The triage and Nurse on Call model increases the quality of care; (3) Unclarity of purpose and vague leadership make introducing the work model difficult; (4) Difficulties to adopt the work model are due to a strong work tradition; and (5) The triage and Nurse on Call model requires more knowledge and competence from nurses in primary health care.
Conclusions
This study contributes with knowledge about implementation of a new work model in primary health care from the perspective of health care staff. The work model using triage and Nurse on Call in primary health care was perceived by participants to increase the quality of health care and optimize the use of resources. However, before implementation, it is important to identify barriers to and facilitators for successful improvements in the local health care context. Additional education for the health care staff is important if the transition is to be successful. Complementary skills, especially for registered nurses and primary health care nurses, are important to ensure a well-prepared workforce.
Role of interfaces on the mechanical response of accumulative roll bondednanometallic laminates investigated via dislocation dynamics simulations
Authors: Chakraborty Aritra , Kohnert Aaron , Hunter Abigail , capolungo Laurent 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Unraveling the effects of continuous dislocation interactions with interfaces, particularly at the nanometer length scales, is key to a broader understanding of plasticity, to material design and to material certification. To this end, this work proposes a novel discrete dislocation dynamics-based model for dislocation interface interactions tracking the fate of residual dislocation on interfaces. This new approach is used to predict the impact of dislocation/interface reactions on the overall mechanical behavior of accumulative roll bonded nanometallic laminates. The framework considers the dynamic evolution of the interface concurrent with a large network of dislocations, thus, accounting for the local short and long range effects of the dislocations under the external boundary conditions.Specifically, this study focuses on two-phase Fe/Cu nanometallic laminates, and investigates the role of the underlying elastic and plastic contrast of the Fe and the Cu layers on the composite response of the material. Moreover, the role of initial microstructures, resulting from processing is also investigated. Subsequently, the model is used to examine the effect of layer thickness and interface orientation relationship on the residual stresses of the relaxed microstructure. The associated mechanical response of these laminates are compared when loaded under normal direction compression, as well as shear compression.Finally, this work predicts a dominant effect of the layer thickness, as compared to the interface orientation relationship, on the macroscopic response and on the residual stresses of these nanolaminates, while the local dislocation transmission propensity through the interface is significantly influenced by the corresponding orientation relationship.
Resistance of central European oat cultivars (A.sativa L.) to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. aveane)
Authors: Cieplak Magdalena , Okoń Sylwia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
An important aspect of breeding work aimed at increasing resistance to fungal diseases is the constant monitoring of the level of resistance of cultivars and identifying the group of genes used in the fight against diseases. This allows estimating the pressure of pathogens to break down the main resistance genes. The aim of the presented work was to determine the level of resistance and to postulate the presence of resistance genes to powdery mildew in oat cultivars currently growing in central Europe. Studies have shown that these cultivars are characterized by a low level of resistance. We identified only 5 characterized by the above resistance to the B. graminis f.sp. avenae isolates used in the test, in 4 we postulated the presence of the Pm7 gene. In order to protect oat crops more effectively against powdery mildew, it is necessary to introduce cultivars with a wider range of resistance genes or to build gene pyramids.
Dynamic Response and Liquefaction Potential of Porous Seabed Induced by Partial Standing Ocean Waves
Authors: Wang Guocai , Liu Yiyang , Liu Kai , Xu Chate 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The analysis of ocean wave-induced dynamic response of a porous seabed is particularly important for coastal and geotechnical engineers when designing and constructing maritime structures. In this study, an analytical solution is presented to analyze the dynamic response and liquefaction potential of a poro-elastic seabed induced by partial standing waves with arbitrary reflectivity. The porous seabed is modeled using Biot’s theory describing the propagation of elastic waves, and coupled deformation and water flow of porous media, whereas the ocean waves are described using linear ocean wave theory. Based on the mixed boundary-value conditions, explicit expressions of displacements, effective stresses and excess pore water pressure of seabed are derived with consideration of the effects of inertial forces, compressibility of solid and fluid, and arbitrary reflectivity of standing waves. The results of degenerated analytical solutions are compared with the existing ones to verify the correctness of the proposed method. The effects of several pertinent parameters of ocean wave-seabed system, including reflection coefficient, phase lag and period of standing waves, depth of water, permeability, degree of saturation, and shear modulus of seabed deposits, etc., on the dynamic response of seabed and liquefaction potential, are examined and discussed.
Activation procedure to unleash the power of N2-selective ETS-4 membranes for CH4 upgrading
Authors: Zakeri Fatemeh , Vosoughi Mahsa , Maghsoudi Hafez , Denayer Joeri F.M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Microporous ETS-4 zeotype, with its 4Å pore openings, is an adequate material for the kinetic separation of nitrogen from methane. Small-sized ETS-4 was synthesized by a novel method and then utilized as membrane seeding powder. High-quality and uniform ETS-4 membranes were fabrucated utilizing a new recipe and the secondary growth approach on α-alumina supports. XRD, FESEM, and EDX studies were used to analyse the synthesized ETS-4 powder and membranes. The effect of membrane activation temperature (80–140 ºC) on permeance was evaluated. In addition to N2 and CH4, the membrane permeance was also evaluated for O2 and Ar gases. N2 permeance increased gradually as the activation temperature was raised in the 80–120 ºC range, reaching its highest value (i.e., 2.6×10− 8 mol m− 2 s− 1 Pa− 1) after activation at 140 ºC. The permeances of pure N2 and CH4 gases were quantified through the ETS-4 membrane at 30, 50, and 70 ºC, and a pressure difference up to 600 kPa. N2/CH4 permselectivity of 75.19 ( N2 permeance of 1.94 × 10− 8 mol m-2 s− 1 Pa− 1 ) were measured at 30°C and 200 kPa of feed pressure, respectively, which is the highest N2/CH4 permselectivity among all membranes reported in the literature.
Effect of three pro-nuclei (3PN) on the outcomes of PGT
Authors: WU XIAO-HUA , jiang yan , YUAN JING-CHUAN , SONG GE , GENG CAI-PING , ZHANG XU-HUI 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
To explore the influence of 3PN on outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles.
Methods
This was a retrospective study of patients undergoing PGT treatment included 139 PGT for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles and 285 cycles PGT for monogenic/single gene defects and/or chromosomal structural rearrangements (PGT-M/SR). The 424 PGT cycles were divided into two groups as follows: group 1 included 343 cycles with no 3PN zygotes and group 2 included 81 cycles with 3PN zygotes. 3PN cycle rate was compared between PGT-A and PGT-M/SR cycles. The outcomes of PGT were analyzed between the two groups.
Results
The female and male's age were significantly higher in PGT-A than PGT-M/SR cycles. Whereas 3PN rate was not significantly different between the two groups. The number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in 3PN group than Non 3PN group (13.98 ± 7.10 vs. 10.89 ± 6.65; P < 0.05). The MII oocyte rate, 2PN fertilizaion rate, D3 high embryo rate, biopsy blastocyst rate, per oocyte utilization and D5 blastocyst rate were significantly lower in 3PN group than Non 3PN group (P < 0.05). The results of chromosomal mosaic rate was significantly higher in 3PN group than Non 3PN group (16.3 vs. 11.9; P < 0.05).
Conclusions
No correlation was observed between 3PN formation rate and PGT-A or PGT-M/SR cycles. The occurrence of 3PN seems to impair the developing blastocyst and interfere with good embryo formation rate and mosaic rate in PGT. But the occurrence of 3PN does not seem to impair the euploid rate and aneuploid rate.
Screening of drought tolerant tomato genotypes based on biochemical attributes
Authors: Khan Rizwan Taj , Gerdezi Ahmed , Rizwan Syed , Hafeez Muhammad , Abbas Kamran , Mehmood Ansar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim to distinguish the selected tomato genotypes based on drought tolerance level under Poly ethylene glycol (PEG 6000) simulated drought stress by the biochemical markers like proline, phenolics, flavonoids, reducing and non- reducing sugars. The experiment was performed in controlled conditions using complete randomized block design with three replications. The tomato genotypes investigated showed varying response for different biochemical attributes. Control (0%), 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% Poly ethylene glycol (PEG) treatments were used in experiment. Leaf extract was used to quantify these biochemical traits. It was observed that successive increase in PEG concentration increases the proline. The highest 54.5 mg/g proline contents was recorded in G-45-19212. The maximum 20.7 mg/g proline contents were recorded for G- 31–00623 and the lowest was 16. 5 mg/g for G-8-19219. G-38-19896 produced the maximum 60 µg / g phenolic contents and 5 µg / g the minimum was produced by the G 8-19219 at control (without PEG). 12µg /g maximum flavonoid contents were observed in the genotype G 31-19896 and minimum 4 µg /g by G 7- 10593. Reducing and non- reducing sugars showed similar behavior for the selected genotypes. G-7-88527 showed the higher amount of sugars. Based on the performance of tomato genotypes on selected stress tolerance indices, these genotypes may be used in breeding programs.
Color visual field measurements for detecting glaucoma
Authors: Sato Hiroyuki , Kunikata Hiroshi , Tanaka Yoshiki , Omodaka Kazuko , Himori Noriko , Ichikawa Kazuo , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated the difference between glaucoma and normal eyes using a color visual field (CVF) test.
Thirty-seven eyes of 37 normal subjects (mean age 56.6±12.0 years) and 39 eyes of 39 patients with glaucoma (mean age 57.1±11.3 years) underwent a CVF test by presenting red and blue-purple visual targets with the same brightness as the background. Measurements were made at 16 points within the central 5 degrees and at 6 points peripheral to that area in the papillary macular bundle (PMB). Thresholds were detected for each measurement point, and the total values for each central, upper, lower, and PMB region were compared between normal and glaucomatous eyes.
The sum of thresholds obtained by the red target was significantly higher in the central, upper, lower, and PMB regions (P=0.008, P<0.001, P=0.02, and P=0.02, respectively) in glaucomatous eyes. The sum of thresholds obtained by the blue-purple target was higher in all regions except the PMB (P<0.01, P<0.01, P=0.04, and P=0.08, respectively). Of 8 patients under 50 years old who had no abnormalities in the 4 central points by standard automated perimetry (SAP), 4 showed a significant increase (more than 2 standard deviations) in at least one CVF threshold value of the 4 central points.
CVF with both the red and blue-purple targets was detectably worse in eyes with glaucoma, and abnormalities were observed where SAP was determined to be within normal limits. This suggests that CVF testing may be an efficient tool for detecting glaucoma.
18F-AlF-FAPI nanotracer visualized the quick response of sarcoma to radiotherapy by PET/CT
Authors: Li Zili , Ren Caiyue , Liu Mingyu , Zhang Jiangang , Zhang Jianping , Qi Ming , Xue Yangbo , Xu Xiaoping , Yao An , Song Shaoli , Cheng Jingyi , SUN YUN 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
MRI or CT-based RECIST is the current clinical standard for evaluating the efficacy of radiation therapy. Typically, several months are required after treatment to determine the extent of tumor control, with the possibility of malignant progression. In this study, we synthesize a novel nanoscale 18F-AlF-labeled FAPI radiotracer and assess its capacity to monitor instant radiotherapy response by PET/CT in tumor xenografted mouse models and a patient with sarcoma, utilizing 18F-FDG, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging, and MRI imaging as controls.
Results
Current research has generated an 18F-AlF-FAPI radiotracer with an unique pharmacological architecture. The radiotracer 18F-AlF-FAPI was a colloid with a diameter of 100–200 nm. The diameter of AlF clusters ranges between 10 and 80 nm, and the majority of 18F-AlF-FAPI molecules comprise between 2 and 5 AlF clusters. In comparison to 68Ga-FAPI, 18F-AlF-FAPI has a distinct excretion mechanism and a significantly smaller background signal, resulting in a higher tumor-to-background ratio (TBR). After a single dose of 10 Gy of non-lethal X-ray therapy, the xenografted tumor in the mouse exhibited a high uptake of 18F-AlF-FAPI, followed by tumor progression. In a patient with sarcoma who underwent complete carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) treatment and tumor regression, tumor uptake of 18F-AlF-FAPI was barely detectable, highlighting the potential of 18F-AlF-FAPI probe-based PET/CT for visualization of quick response to CIRT radiotherapy within one month. Additionally, the tumor site in this case was around 1,4 times larger in 18F-AlF-FAPI PET imaging than in MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The physician finally expanded the target volume delineation for CIRT treatment based on the positive region and heterogeneity, indicating the potential of 18F-AlF-FAPI nanotracer in target volume delineation.
Conclusions
In PET/CT imaging, the novel 18F-AlF-FAPI nanotracer had a higher TBR and a lower background than 68Ga-FAPI due to its distinct formation. 18F-AlF-FAPI uptake was found to be favorably linked with tumor progression in tumor-xenografted mice and sarcoma patients. Compared to 18F-FDG, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging, and MRI imaging, 18F-AlF-FAPI PET/CT imaging revealed greater potential for identifying the rapid response of sarcoma to radiotherapy within one month. 18F-AlF-FAPI PET/CT imaging has also shown potential in radiotherapy target volume delineation.
Malat1 regulates PMN-MDSC expansion and immunosuppression through p-STAT3 ubiquitination in sepsis
Authors: Lu Guoping , Wang Yaodong , Zhang Caiyan , Liu Tingyan , Yu Zhenhao , Wang Kexin , Ying Jiayun , Wang Yao , Zhu Ting , Li Jingjing , Zhou Yufeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand during sepsis and contribute to the development of persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolism syndrome. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Exploring the mechanisms of MDSCs generation may provide therapeutic targets for improving immune status in sepsis. Here, a sepsis mouse model is established by cecal ligation and perforation. Bone marrow cells at different sepsis time points are harvested to detect the proportion of MDSCs and search for differentially expressed genes by RNA-sequence. In lethal models of sepsis, polymorphonuclear-MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) decrease in early but increase and become activated in late sepsis, which is contrary to the expression of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 （Malat1）. In vivo, Malat1 inhibitor significantly increases the mortality in mice with late sepsis. And in vitro, Malat1 down-regulation increases the proportion of PMN-MDSCs and enhanced its immunosuppressive ability. Mechanistically, Malat1 limits the differentiation of PMN-MDSCs by accelerating the degradation of phosphorylated STAT3. Furthermore, Stattic, an inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation, improves the survival of septic mice by inhibiting PMN-MDSCs. Overall, the study identifies a novel insight into the mechanism of sepsis-induced MDSCs and provides more evidence for targeting MDSCs in the treatment of sepsis.
The association between blood pressure control and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in hypertension coexists with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yao Xiaoguang , Li Nanfang , Heizhati Mulalibieke , Wang Yingchun , Ma Yue , Wang Run , Zhang Delian , Luo Qin , Hu Junli , Wang Menghui , Zhu Qing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The goal of blood pressure (BP) control will be lower when hypertensive patients have comorbidities that can affect the risk of cardiovascular diseases. But, the goal of BP control for hypertensive patients who coexists with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not discussed, which is a special population at high risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Patients and methods: Using data from the UROSAH Study, we enrolled 3267 participants who were diagnosed with hypertension and performed polysomnography during 2011-2013 to explore the association between BP control and long-term major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). Outcomes of interest were the levels of BP control, MACCEs, cardiac events and cerebrovascular events. Then we calculated the cumulative incidence of MACCEs and performed Cox proportional hazards with stepwise models.
Results: 379 of 3267 patients experienced MACCEs during a median follow-up of 7.0 years. After full risk adjustment, BP control of 120-140/80-90mmHg was associated with the lowest risk of cerebrovascular events (HR: 0.53, 95%CI:0.35-0.82) rather than MACCEs and cardiac events in the total cohort. The association did not changed much in patients with OSA. When the SBP and DBP were discussed separately, the SBP control of 120-140mmHg or <120 mmHg was associated with the decreased incidence of MACCEs and cerebrovascular events. When DBP control<80 mmHg, the risk of cerebrovascular events showed 54% decrease[(HR:0.46, 95%CI: 0.25-0.88)] in patients with hypertension and OSA.
Conclusion: In this retrospective study, antihypertensive-drug-induced BP control at 120-140/80-90mmHg showed possible beneficial effect on incident MACCEs. However, SBP≤120mmHg or DBP<80mmHg respectively showed the significant benefit to reduce incident cerebrovascular events in hypertensives with OSA.