bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Functions from a Single Photoresist: Tuning Microstructure Degradability from Light‐Stabilized Dynamic Materials
Authors: Gauci Steven C. , Ehrmann Katharina , Gernhardt Marvin , Tuten Bryan , Blasco Eva , Frisch Hendrik , Jayalatharachchi Vishakya , Blinco James P. , Houck Hannes A. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA photoresist—based on a light‐stabilized dynamic material driven by an out‐of‐equilibrium photo‐Diels–Alder reaction of triazolinediones with naphthalenes—whose ability to intrinsically degrade postprinting can be tuned by a simple adjustment of laser intensity during 3D laser lithography is introduced. The resist's ability to form stable networks under green light irradiation that degrade in the dark is transformed into a tunable degradable 3D printing material platform. In‐depth characterization of the printed microstructures via atomic force microscopy before and during degradation reveals the high dependency of the final structures’ properties on the writing parameters. Upon identifying the ideal writing parameters and their effect on the network structure, it is possible to selectively toggle between stable and fully degradable structures. This simplifies the direct laser writing manufacturing process of multifunctional materials significantly, which typically requires the use of separate resists and consecutive writing efforts to achieve degradable and nondegradable material sections.
Achieving Ferroelectricity in a Centrosymmetric High‐Performance Semiconductor by Strain Engineering
Authors: Wu Mengqi , Lou Zhefeng , Dai Chen‐Min , Wang Tao , Wang Jiaqi , Zhu Ziye , Xu Zhuokai , Sun Tulai , Li Wenbin , Zheng Xiaorui , Lin Xiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhase engineering by strain in 2D semiconductors is of great importance for a variety of applications. Here, a study of the strain‐induced ferroelectric (FE) transition in bismuth oxyselenide (Bi2O2Se) films, a high‐performance (HP) semiconductor for next‐generation electronics, is presented. Bi2O2Se is not FE at ambient pressure. At a loading force of ≳400 nN, the piezoelectric force responses exhibit butterfly loops in magnitude and 180° phase switching. By carefully ruling out extrinsic factors, these features are attributed to a transition to the FE phase. The transition is further supported by the appearance of a sharp peak in optical second‐harmonic generation under uniaxial strain. In general, solids with paraelectrics at ambient pressure and FE under strain are rare. The FE transition is discussed using first‐principles calculations and theoretical simulations. The switching of FE polarization acts as a knob for Schottky barrier engineering at contacts and serves as the basis for a memristor with a huge on/off current ratio of 106. This work adds a new degree of freedom to HP electronic/optoelectronic semiconductors, and the integration of FE and HP semiconductivity paves the way for many exciting functionalities, including HP neuromorphic computing and bulk piezophotovoltaics.
Design and Modification of Janus Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Deacetylated Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Membrane and its Multifunctionality
Authors: Si Junhui , Zhao Mingliang , Marcelle Sansi seukep alix , Wang Qianting , Cui Zhixiang , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel type of Janus polyvinylidene fluoride/deacetylated cellulose acetate (PVDF/D‐CA) nanofiber membrane with multifunctional application is successfully fabricated by sequential electrospinning. The morphology, chemical composition, surface wettability, oil–water separation performance, and unidirectional liquid transmission capability have been systematically analyzed. It has asymmetric wettability property in air and in liquid systems for its bottom and top sides. It can be used as a water‐removing, or oil‐removing substance for oil–water mixture and emulsion under a harsh environment only under gravity driving force (DF) by simply switching the different sides. It possesses on‐demand water and oil collection ability, and moisture‐wicking performance due to its switchable permeation and unidirectional liquid transmission capability. Its multifunction application can be easy to control by adjusting the thickness of the top and bottom sides through controlling the electrospinning time. Its excellent mechanical property, chemical stability, durability under harsh environment and outstanding anti‐pollution ability endow the membrane with powerful cyclic stability and reusability.
Role of Tellurium Ions for Electrochemically Synthesized Zinc Telluride 2D Structures on Nonconductive Substrate
Authors: Seo Jinmyeong , Yoon Sanghwa , Park Kimoon , Park Jung‐Joon , Kim Jiwon , Yoo Bongyoung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough electrodeposition has emerged as a promising approach to make metal chalcogenide nanostructures, it has an underlying issue of exfoliating the deposits affixed to a conductive substrate, which is inevitable to transfer electrons for a reduction reaction, for precise characterization and advanced device fabrication. Herein, direct electrodeposition of metal chalcogenides on a silicon dioxide (SiO2) insulator and its device applications for a back‐gated field‐effect‐transistor and a nitrogen dioxide gas sensor are investigated. Tellurium metal nanorods are deposited on SiO2 by the redox reaction of tellurium substances in the electrolyte. Using underpotential deposition, zinc telluride (ZnTe) is propagated onto tellurium sites, which has deposited on SiO2, bridging the microgap electrode on SiO2. The growth mechanisms of ZnTe on the SiO2 are also explored. This finding addresses the major challenge associated with the electrodeposition by the successful deposition of complex chalcogenides on an insulating substrate that expands its applications in fields for advanced electronics.
Electrochemical Lithium Insertion into TiO2 Anatase ALD Thin Films for Li‐Ion Microbatteries: An Atomic‐Scale Picture Provided by Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Bhatia Ankush , Hallot Maxime , Leviel Clément , Roussel Pascal , Pereira‐Ramos Jean‐Pierre , Lethien Christophe , Baddour‐Hadjean Rita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemical lithium (de)intercalation in an atomic layer deposited (ALD) TiO2 anatase thin film deposited on a planar Si /Al2O3/Pt substrate is investigated by Raman spectroscopy. An initial discharge capacity of 63 µAh cm−2 µm−1 (0.5 Li+ mole−1) is reached at C/10 rate, which increases up to 77 µAh cm−2 µm−1 upon further cycles. An excellent capacity retention is achieved over at least 100 cycles, showing the good adherence of the ALD thin film. Raman spectra of LixTiO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) thin film electrodes point to the nucleation of the orthorhombic lithiated titanate (LT) Li0.5TiO2 phase from x = 0.1. This LT phase coexists with tetragonal TiO2 in the 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.4 composition domain to be pure for x = 0.5. A fully reversible transformation from orthorhombic LT to tetragonal TiO2 is observed upon the charge. The high quality of the Raman spectra allows identifying for the first time 12 modes in the 100–800 cm−1 region for the electrochemically formed LT phase. Furthermore, an appropriate Raman spectra analysis allows a reliable and quantitative determination of the thin film composition during discharge and charge. These results illustrate Raman spectroscopy is a powerful probe to scrutinize the Li insertion/extraction mechanism in TiO2 thin films.
Highly Stretchable and Ionically Conductive Membranes with Semi‐Interpenetrating Network Architecture for Truly All‐Solid‐State Microactuators and Microsensors
Authors: Braz Ribeiro Frédéric , Ni Bin , Nguyen Giao T. M. , Cattan Eric , Shaplov Alexander S. , Vidal Frédéric , Plesse Cédric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymeric ionic liquids (PILs) are an emerging class of materials which have attracted considerable attention as solid‐state electrolytes because they combine the attractive properties of ionic liquids with the mechanical features of polymers. This paper presents a new method for the synthesis and characterization of stretchable and highly ionically conducting membranes and their subsequent use in truly all‐solid‐state, flexible, and soft electroactive devices. Linear conductive PIL and reinforcing poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) network are first intimately entangled during the synthesis of a semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (semi‐IPN). Polymerization kinetics, thermomechanical properties, as well as ionic conductivity measurements reveal that for the 60:40 wt ratio of PEO:PIL a true synergy of the properties of both polymer partners is achieved, with ionic conductivities up to 8.7 × 10−5S cm−1at 30 °C and elongations at break greater than 100%, being both superior to each partners taken separately. The performances of these semi‐IPNs as central membranes in all‐solid‐state electrochemical microdevices, composed of three self‐supported and flexible layers, namely poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/semi‐IPN membrane/PEDOT:PSS, are successfully demonstrated. Their testing as liquid‐free ionic actuators and liquid‐free piezoionic sensors undoubtfully proves that electromechanical and mechanoelectrical responses of these all‐solid‐state microdevices can reach performances identical to that of “classical” ionic liquid‐filled systems.
Controlled Adsorption of Cellulose Nanofibrils on Fluid–Fluid Interfaces
Authors: Kim Dong Woo , Han Seongsoo , You Kwangsuk , Choi Siyoung Q. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdsorption of particles at fluid–fluid interfaces is of great scientific and industrial importance, encompassing a variety of applications, from the stabilization of bubbles and emulsions to the fabrication of sophisticated materials with micro‐ and nanostructures. The enormous adsorption energy of a particle is believed to be the origin of adsorption, but it cannot fully explain many systems that do not adsorb, even with large adsorption energy. Here, it is systematically shown that the dynamic process of particle adsorption plays a critical role in determining whether particles are adsorbed at interfaces. Using a model system composed of a droplet and solid particle monolayer, the adsorption dynamics of cellulose nanofibrils are studied, focusing on the drainage time of a liquid thin film between the droplet and solid surface. Both the experimental and theoretical results indicate that the drainage time is regulated by the dimensionless capillary number. Controllable particle adsorption in conventional emulsions is further examined, confirming that results from this model system can be extended to large capillary numbers. This study provides important insight that it is not the adsorption energy, but the drainage process that governs particle adsorption, which can be quantitatively controlled by viscosity, interfacial tension, and particle approaching velocity.
Investigating Adsorption of Cellulose Nanocrystals at Air–Liquid and Substrate–Liquid Interfaces after pH Manipulation
Authors: Turpin Geosmin A. , Nelson Andrew , Holt Stephen A. , Giles Luke W. , Milogrodzka Izabela , Horn Roger G. , Tabor Rico F. , Hag Leonie van't 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoatings of anisotropic nanoparticles such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can provide tuneable physicochemical surface properties to a substrate such as modifying wettability. These coatings are often formed using dip coating, with CNCs enriched at the air–water interface transferred to a substrate as a monolayer. This process is commonly facilitated by surfactants, which can remain present in the final product, affecting coating properties. In this work, an “additive free” method for creating CNC coatings by exploiting electrostatic interactions within the pH window between pH 2–4 is demonstrated. Within this pH window, the air–water interface is positively charged and CNCs are negatively charged, with surface pressure tensiometry, X‐ray reflectivity, and Brewster angle microscopy indicating that CNCs are driven to the air–water interface. The optimal condition for monolayer coverage was pH 3; at pH 2 charge screening causes localized flocculation at the air–water interface, and at pH 4 interparticle repulsion leads to incomplete, patchy coverage. These findings successfully translate to dip coated CNC monolayers as characterized by atomic force microscopy, showing that the manipulation of pH can facilitate the surfactant‐free dip coating of CNCs, with advantages over the surfactants that are more typically used.
Synthesis and Structure of an Ion‐Exchanged SrTiO3 Photocatalyst with Improved Reactivity for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Mingyi , Lopato Eric M. , Ene Nnamdi N. , Funni Stephen D. , Du Tianxiang , Jiang Kunyao , Bernhard Stefan , Salvador Paul A. , Rohrer Gregory S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBaTiO3 heated in an excess of SrCl2 at 1150 °C converts to SrTiO3 through an ion exchange reaction. The SrTiO3 synthesized by ion exchange produces hydrogen from pH 7 water at a rate more than twice that of conventional SrTiO3 treated identically. The apparent quantum yield for hydrogen production in pure water of the ion exchanged SrTiO3 is 11.4% under 380 nm illumination. The catalyst resulting from ion‐exchange differs from conventional SrTiO3 by having ≈2% residual Ba, inhomogeneous Cl‐doping at a concentration less than 1%, Kirkendall voids in the centers of particles that result from the unequal rates of Sr and Ba diffusion together with the transport of Ti and O, and nanoscale regions near the surface that have lattice spacings consistent with the Sr‐excess phase Sr2TiO4. The increased photochemical efficiency of this nonequilibrium structure is most likely related to the Sr‐excess, which is known to compensate donor defects that can act as charge traps and recombination centers.
Field‐Effect Transistor‐Based Biosensor for pH Sensing and Mapping
Authors: Ren Huihui , Liang Kun , Li Dingwei , Chen Yitong , Tang Yingjie , Wang Yan , Li Fanfan , Liu Guolei , Zhu Bowen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is vital to acquire real‐time pH signals with high resolution as pH variation can reflect important information regarding health status and physiological environment. Field‐effect transistor (FET)‐based biosensors (bio‐FETs), a kind of potentiometric sensor, are being rapidly developed for pH detection due to their advantages of high sensitivity, low temperature dependence, and high portability. More importantly, the high scalability of bio‐FETs renders them applicable for achieving high spatial resolution in pH sensing. In this review paper, the design, operation principle, and critical characteristics of the FET‐based pH sensor are introduced. Then, the recent progress in pH mapping with FET sensor arrays, including static array where a sensor pixel is directly addressed by wiring, and active‐matrix array where a sensor pixel is accessed by additional switching FETs, is presented. Last, typical examples of pH sensor arrays in biomedical applications, such as health monitoring and DNA sequencing and elongation are presented.
Stimuli‐Responsive DNA Circuits for High‐Performance Bioimaging Application
Authors: Wu Qiong , Xu Mengqing , Shang Jinhua , He Shizhen , Liu Xiaoqing , Wang Fuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProbing endogenous molecules in living entities is significant to help decipher biological functions and exploit novel theranostics. DNA circuits that can recognize molecular inputs of interest and transduce them into readable signal outputs in an isothermal and autonomous manner have been actively pursued as versatile toolkits for intracellular biosensing research. Tremendous efforts are being devoted to developing integrated DNA circuits with high sensitivity, while spatiotemporal selectivity is often overlooked in the construction of functional DNA circuitry systems. This requires the development of stimuli‐responsive DNA circuits that can be activated on‐demand from the initial sensing‐blunt state to the sensing‐ready state under a programmable manner, for achieving precise bioimaging with high spatiotemporal control. In this review, an overview of recent advances in the construction of stimuli‐responsive DNA circuits that respond to particular triggers, including external physical stimuli and endogenous biological cues, and their spatiotemporally controllable molecular bioimaging applications is provided. The current challenges and potential solutions of these stimuli‐responsive DNA circuits for their future developments in this emerging field are also discussed.
Analyte‐Driven Clustering of Bio‐Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Potisk Tilen , Sablić Jurij , Svenšek Daniel , Diego Elena Sanz‐de , Teran Francisco J. , Praprotnik Matej 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe dynamics of bio‐conjugated magnetic nanoparticles suspended in buffer‐saline solutions containing target proteins (i.e., analytes) is investigated numerically on a mesoscopic level. To simulate the dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles the dissipative particle dynamics is employed, which allows to study rather large systems, while still retaining important microscopic nanoparticle properties. In addition, the method is coupled to the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation, describing the dynamics of the magnetic nanocrystals within the macrospin approximation. The binding of multivalent analytes to the recognition ligands of the nanoparticles leads to the formation of clusters of magnetic nanoparticles, which in turn drastically changes the macroscopic magnetic response of the solution. Such colloidal changes are experimentally observable, allowing to explore new approaches to quantify the analyte amount. The ratio of the concentrations between the analytes (biomarkers) and the recognition ligands on the nanoparticles is found to play an important role in the formation and hydrodynamic size of the clusters. The proposed computational framework has great potential to be integrated with experimental efforts to advance the development of nanoparticle‐based biosensors for disease diagnostics and other biomedical applications.
Atomic‐Scale Revealing the Structure Distribution between LiMO2 and Li2MnO3 in Li‐Rich and Mn‐Based Oxide Cathode Materials
Authors: Zhuo Haoxiang , Peng Haoyang , Xiao Biwei , Wang Zhenyao , Liu Xingge , Li Zhao , Li Guohua , Bai Xiangtao , Wang Ligen , Huang Xiaowei , Wu Jingsong , Quan Wei , Wang Jiantao , Zhuang Weidong , Sun Xueliang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLithium‐rich and manganese‐based oxide (LRMO) cathode materials are regarded as promising cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries with anionic redox characteristics and higher specific energy density. However, the complex initial structure and complicated reaction mechanism of LRMO is controversial. Herein, the reaction mechanism and unusual electrochemical phenomena are reconsidered after proposing the concept of structure distribution between Li2MnO3 and LiMO2 structures. The initial structure states show different types of composition characteristics of Li2MnO3 and LiMO2, including “large and isolated distribution” and “uniformly dispersed distribution” characteristics, as summarized by multiple aberration correction scanning transmission electron microscopy observations at the atomic‐scale for cross sectional samples. Based on the density functional theory calculations, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and atomic‐scale observations during the different voltage states, the results accordingly suggest that the distribution characteristic is the essential cause of the unusual behavior in LRMO. It governs the reaction behavior, leading to the changes in electronic structure of O2p and TM3d, and the maintenance of layered structure, reversibility of the anionic redox, as well as, the voltage hysteresis. This work constructs the interrelationships of electrochemical behavior—distribution characteristic—reaction mechanism, contributing to the further application of LRMO materials in the electric vehicle market.
Effect of Particle Size and Pressure on the Transport Properties of the Fast Ion Conductor t‐Li7SiPS8
Authors: Schneider Christian , Schmidt Christoph P. , Neumann Anton , Clausnitzer Moritz , Sadowski Marcel , Harm Sascha , Meier Christoph , Danner Timo , Albe Karsten , Latz Arnulf , Wall Wolfgang A. , Lotsch Bettina V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries promise higher energy and power densities as well as increased safety compared to lithium‐ion batteries by using non‐flammable solid electrolytes and metallic lithium as the anode. Ensuring permanent and close contact between the components and individual particles is crucial for long‐term operation of a solid‐state cell. This study investigates the particle size dependent compression mechanics and ionic conductivity of the mechanically soft thiophosphate solid electrolyte tetragonal Li7SiPS8 (t‐LiSiPS) under pressure. The effect of stack and pelletizing pressure is demonstrated as a powerful tool to influence the microstructure and, hence, ionic conductivity of t‐LiSiPS. Heckel analysis for granular powder compression reveals distinct pressure regimes, which differently impact the Li ion conductivity. The pelletizing process is simulated using the discrete element method followed by finite volume analysis to disentangle the effects of pressure‐dependent microstructure evolution from atomistic activation volume effects. Furthermore, it is found that the relative density of a tablet is a weaker descriptor for the sample's impedance compared to the particle size distribution. The multiscale experimental and theoretical study thus captures both atomistic and microstructural effects of pressure on the ionic conductivity, thus emphasizing the importance of microstructure, particle size distribution and pressure control in solid electrolytes.
Improved survival of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia with VRd or daratumumab‐based quadruplets: A multicenter study by the Greek myeloma study group
Authors: Katodritou Eirini , Kastritis Efstathios , Dalampira Dimitra , Delimpasi Sosana , Spanoudakis Emmanouil , Labropoulou Vasiliki , Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos Ioannis , Gkioka Annita‐Ioanna , Giannakoulas Nikos , Kanellias Nikolaos , Papadopoulou Theodosia , Sevastoudi Aggeliki , Michalis Eyrydiki , Papathanasiou Maria , Kotsopoulou Maria , Sioni Anastasia , Triantafyllou Theodora , Daiou Aikaterini , Papadatou Mavra , Kyrtsonis Marie‐Christine , Pouli Anastasia , Kostopoulos Ioannis , Verrou Evgenia , Dimopoulos Meletios‐Athanasios , Terpos Evangelos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe evaluated the efficacy and prognostic impact of bortezomib‐lenalidomide triplet (VRd) or daratumumab‐based quadruplets (DBQ) versus previous anti‐myeloma therapies, that is, bortezomib standard combinations (BSC) or conventional chemotherapy (CT), in a large cohort of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL), including those fulfilling the revised diagnostic criteria, that is, circulating plasma cells (cPCS): ≥5%; 110 pPCL patients (M/F: 51/59; median age 65 years, range: 44–86) out of 3324 myeloma patients (3%), registered in our database between 2001 and 2021, were studied; 37% had cPCS 5%–19%; 89% received novel combinations including DBQ (21%), VRd (16%) and BSC (52%); 35% underwent autologous stem cell transplantation. 83% achieved objective responses. Treatment with VRd/DBQ strongly correlated with a higher complete response rate (41% vs. 17%; p = .008). After a median follow‐up of 51 months (95% CI: 45–56), 67 patients died. Early mortality was 3.5%. Progression‐free survival was 16 months (95% CI: 12–19.8), significantly longer in patients treated with VRd/DBQ versus BSC/CT (25 months, 95% CI: 13.5–36.5 vs. 13 months 95% CI: 9–16.8; p = .03). Median overall survival (OS) was 29 months (95% CI: 19.6–38.3), significantly longer in patients treated with VRd/DBQ versus BSC/CT (not reached vs. 20 months, 95% CI: 14–26; 3‐year OS: 70% vs. 32%, respectively; p < .001; HzR: 3.88). In the multivariate analysis VRd/DBQ therapy, del17p(+) and PLT <100.000/μL, independently predicted OS (p < .05). Our study has demonstrated that in the real‐world setting, treatment with VRd/DBQ induces deep and durable responses and is a strong prognostic factor for OS representing currently the best therapeutic option for pPCL.