bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative, Spatially Defined Expression of Leukocyte-associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Aung Thazin N. , Gavrielatou Niki , Vathiotis Ioannis A. , Fernandez Aileen I. , Shafi Saba , Yaghoobi Vesal , Burela Sneha , MacNeil Tyler , Ahmed Fahad Shabbir , Myint Han , Flies Dallas B. , Langermann Solomon , Rimm David L. 
Published: February 2023

Targeting the interaction of leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) and its ligands has been shown to reinstate antitumor immunity. In addition, the introduction of the LAIR-1 decoy protein, LAIR-2, sensitizes previously resistant lung tumors to programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade, indicating the potential of LAIR-1 as an alternative marker for anti-PD-1 resistance in lung cancer. Here, we assessed LAIR-1 as compared with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in various tumors, with a focus on non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its histologic subtypes using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (mQIF) in 287 (discovery cohort) and 144 (validation cohort) patients with NSCLC. In addition, using multispectral imaging technology on mQIF images, we evaluated the localization of LAIR-1 on various cell types. We observed that CD14+, CD68+, and CD163+ monocytes and CK+ tumor cells predominantly expressed LAIR-1 more than other cell types. Furthermore, LAIR-1 expression in the tumor compartment was significantly higher in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) than those with lung squamous cell carcinoma subtype (**, P = 0.003). Our results indicated that high tumor LAIR-1 expression in patients with LUAD is negatively associated with OS (overall survival, HR = 2.4; *, P = 0.02) highlighting its prognostic value in LUAD but not in other subtypes. The Pearson correlation between LAIR-1 and PD-L1 is 0.31; however, mutual exclusive staining pattern (i.e., several cases were positive for LAIR-1 and negative for PD-L1) was observed. Altogether, our data suggest that the combination therapy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with anti-LAIR-1 or the anti-LAIR-1 monotherapy alone may be promising cancer immunotherapeutic strategies.Significance:The spatial, quantitative assessment of LAIR-1 in NSCLC shows positive association of OS with high LAIR-1+/CD68+ cell densities and negative association of OS with high LAIR-1 expression in LUAD tumor subtype.
The Analysis of Synonymy and Antonymy in Discourse Relations: An Interpretable Modeling Approach
Authors: Reig Alamillo Asela , Torres Moreno David , Morales González Eliseo , Toledo Acosta Mauricio , Taroni Antoine , Hermosillo Valadez Jorge 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe idea that discourse relations are interpreted both by explicit content and by shared knowledge between producer and interpreter is pervasive in discourse and linguistic studies. How much weight should be ascribed in this process to the lexical semantics of the arguments is, however, uncertain. We propose a computational approach to analyze contrast and concession relations in the PDTB corpus. Our work sheds light on the question of how much lexical relations contribute to the signaling of such explicit and implicit relations, as well as on the contribution of different parts of speech to these semantic relations. This study contributes to bridging the gap between corpus and computational linguistics by proposing transparent and explainable computational models of discourse relations based on the synonymy and antonymy of their arguments.
Three Heads Better than One: Pure Entity, Relation Label and Adversarial Training for Cross-domain Few-shot Relation Extraction
Authors: Fang Wenlong , Ouyang Chunping , Lin Qiang , Yuan Yue 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we study cross-domain relation extraction. Since new data mapping to feature spaces always differs from the previously seen data due to a domain shift, few-shot relation extraction often perform poorly. To solve the problems caused by cross-domain, we propose a method for combining the pure entity, relation labels and adversarial (PERLA). We first use entities and complete sentences for separate encoding to obtain context-independent entity features. Then, we combine relation labels which are useful for relation extraction to mitigate context noise. We combine adversarial to reduce the noise caused by cross-domain. We conducted experiments on the publicly available cross-domain relation extraction dataset Fewrel 2.0[1]①, and the results show that our approach improves accuracy and has better transferability for better adaptation to cross-domain tasks.
Bias Correcting Climate Model Simulations Using Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation Networks
Authors: Fulton D. James , Clarke Ben J. , Hegerl Gabriele C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We assess the suitability of unpaired image-to-image translation networks for bias correcting data simulated by global atmospheric circulation models. We use the Unsupervised Image-to-Image Translation (UNIT) neural network architecture to map between data from the HadGEM3-A-N216 model and ERA5 reanalysis data in a geographical area centered on the South Asian monsoon, which has well-documented serious biases in this model. The UNIT network corrects cross-variable correlations and spatial structures but creates bias corrections with less extreme values than the target distribution. By combining the UNIT neural network with the classical technique of quantile mapping (QM), we can produce bias corrections that are better than either alone. The UNIT+QM scheme is shown to correct cross-variable correlations, spatial patterns, and all marginal distributions of single variables. The careful correction of such joint distributions is of high importance for compound extremes research.
A Self-Organizing Maps Analysis of Wintertime North Pacific Jet Stream Variability
Authors: Madsen Maria M. , Martin Jonathan E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Previous research regarding the intraseasonal variability of the wintertime Pacific jet has employed empirical orthogonal function (EOF)/principal component (PC) analysis to characterize two leading modes of variability: a zonal extension or retraction and a ∼20° meridional shift of the jet exit region. These leading modes are intimately tied to the large-scale structure, sensible weather phenomena, and forecast skill in and around the vast North Pacific basin. However, variability within the wintertime Pacific jet and the relative importance of tropical and extratropical processes in driving such variability, is poorly understood. Here, a self-organizing maps (SOM) analysis is applied to 73 Northern Hemisphere cold seasons of 250-hPa zonal winds from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data to identify 12 characteristic physical jet states, some of which resemble the leading EOF Pacific jet patterns and combinations of them. Examination of teleconnection patterns such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) provide insight into the varying nature of the 12 SOM nodes at inter- and intraseasonal time scales. These relationships suggest that the hitherto more common EOF/PC analysis of jet variability obscures important subtleties of jet structure, revealed by the SOM analysis, which bear on the underlying physical processes associated with Pacific jet variability as well as the nature of its downstream impacts.
Rib Plating Outcomes in Elderly Trauma Patients With Multiple Rib Fractures: A Community Hospital Experience
Authors: Wasfie Tarik , Sowa Matthew , White Hutton , Nesheiwat OMS-IV Sara N. , Hille Jennifer , Hella Jennifer , Barber Kimberly , Shapiro Brian 
Published: February 2023

Rib fractures in the elderly are one of the most common injuries in trauma patients admitted to the hospital, accounting for over 350,000 patients annually in the United States. Rib plating has been shown to be most beneficial among certain populations. Early surgical intervention is important to utilize approaches that limit the use of pain medications. This is a retrospective data analysis to determine the efficacy of rib plating in elderly trauma patients with rib fractures. A total of 253 patients were seen with rib fractures, 63% were male and 37% were female. The mean age is 64 ± 18.5 years. Of these patients analyzed, 76% had an associated comorbid condition. A majority of patients (95%) presented to the emergency department (ED) with mild GCS range (13-15). Moderate GCS range (9-12) was 4%, and 3% of patients were with severe GCS (3-8.) The mean ISS was 10. The overall mortality rate was 4.5%. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group I consisted of patients who received open reduction and fixation of the fractured ribs, and group II was patients managed conservatively without surgery. Statistical analyses using Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were performed. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for this study. Rib plating in elderly trauma patients with multiple rib fractures has shown to be beneficial in terms of mortality. Furthermore, geriatric patients with comorbidities will benefit from early open reduction and fixation of rib fractures, though a larger study is needed to establish clearer criteria for rib plating.
Effect of Frailty on the Management of Suspected Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Bergus Katherine C. , Gelbard Rondi B. , Scarlet Sara , Srinivas Shruthi , Tracy Brett M. ,   on behalf of the EAST Retained Common Bile Duct Stones Study Group
Published: February 2023

Introduction The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (ASGE-SAGES) guidelines for managing choledocholithiasis (CDL) omit patient-specific factors like frailty. We evaluated how frail patients with CDL undergoing same-admission cholecystectomy were managed within ASGE-SAGES guidelines. Methods We analyzed patients undergoing same-admission cholecystectomy for CDL and/or acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) from 2016 to 2019 at 12 US academic medical centers. Patients were grouped by Charlson comorbidity index into non-frail (NF), moderately frail (MF), and severely frail (SF). ASGE-SAGES guidelines stratified likelihood of CDL and were used to compare actual to suggested management. Rate of guideline deviation was our primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included rates of surgical site infections (SSIs), biliary leaks, and 30-day surgical readmissions. Rates are presented as NF, MF, and SF. Results Among 844 patients, 43.3% (n = 365) were NF, 25.4% (n = 214) were MF, and 31.4% (n = 265) were SF. Frail patients were older (33y vs 56.7y vs 73.5y, P < .0001) and more likely to have ABP (32.6% vs 47.7% vs 43.8%, P = .0005). As frailty increased, guideline deviation increased (41.1% vs 43.5% vs 53.6%, P < .006). Severe frailty was predictive of guideline deviation compared to MF (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.02-2.12, P = .04) and NF (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01-2.12, P = .04). There was no difference in SSIs ( P = .2), biliary leaks ( P = .7), or 30-day surgical readmission ( P = .7). Conclusion Frail patients with common bile duct stones had more management deviating from guidelines yet no difference in complications. Future guidelines should consider including frailty to optimize detection and management of CDL in this population.
Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea and Otorrhea: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Li Shujuan , Lu Tao , Wang Yan , Guo Min , Ma Rongyue , Li Shuling , Ruan Biao 
Published: February 2023

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a condition that commonly presents with unilateral watery drainage from the nose or ear, tinnitus, and stuffy ears or hearing loss. Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea and otorrhea together are rare. A 64-year-old woman presented at our department with complaints of clear watery rhinorrhea and hearing loss on the right side persisting for 10 months. Imaging and surgery were used to diagnose the condition. Through surgical treatment, she was eventually cured. Review of the literature has shown that patients with both nasal and aural CSF leaks are rare. When a patient presents with both unilateral watery drainage from both the nose and ear, a diagnosis of CSF rhinorrhea and otorrhea should be considered. This case report will benefit clinicians by providing more information to assist with diagnosing the disease.
Preventive CGRP-targeted therapies for chronic migraine with and without medication-overuse headache
Authors: Alpuente Alicia , Torres-Ferrus Marta , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) targeted therapies are an important breakthrough in migraine prevention. Randomized clinical trials, post-hoc analyses, and phase IV studies have demonstrated their efficacy and safety in chronic migraine patients, including those with concomitant medication-overuse and medication-overuse headache. Real world evidence studies support these findings and provide realistic endpoints for estimation of effect. Methods and results We have performed a narrative review including results from double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials and real-world evidence studies regarding efficacy of the CGRP(-receptor) monoclonal antibodies and CGRP-receptor antagonists (gepants) in patients with chronic migraine with concomitant medication overuse (headache). We have included patient profiles and main efficacy endpoints (monthly migraine days, monthly headache days, monthly acute medication days and percentage responder rates). Conclusion The results of this review show that CGRP monoclonal antibodies are effective in chronic migraine patients, also in those with medication overuse (headache). At the time of this review, atogepant clinical trials in chronic migraine have not been communicated. Direct comparative studies are needed for comparison with other treatment options.
Effects of Contralateral Trunk Tilt on Shoulder and Elbow Injury Risk and Pitching Biomechanics in Professional Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Escamilla Rafael F. , Slowik Jonathan S. , Fleisig Glenn S. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Baseball pitchers employ various contralateral trunk tilt (CTT) positions when pitching depending on if they have an overhand, three-quarter, or sidearm delivery. There are no known studies that have examined how pitching biomechanics are significantly different in professional pitchers with varying amounts of CTT, which may provide insight into shoulder and elbow injury risk among pitchers with different CTT. Purpose: To assess differences in shoulder and elbow forces and torques and baseball pitching biomechanics in professional pitchers with maximum 30° to 40° CTT (MaxCTT), moderate 15° to 25° CTT (ModCTT), and minimum 0° to 10° CTT (MinCTT). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In total, 215 pitchers were examined, including 46 pitchers with MaxCTT, 126 pitchers with ModCTT, and 43 pitchers with MinCTT. All pitchers were tested using a 240-Hz, 10-camera motion analysis system, and 37 kinematic and kinetic parameters were calculated. Differences in kinematic and kinetic variables among the 3 CTT groups were assessed with a 1-way analysis of variance ( P < .01). Results: Maximum shoulder anterior force and maximum elbow proximal force were significantly greater in ModCTT (403 ± 79 N) than MaxCTT (369 ± 75 N) and MinCTT (364 ± 70 N), while maximum elbow flexion torque and shoulder proximal force, respectively, were significantly greater in ModCTT (69 ± 11 N·m and 1176 ± 152 N, respectively) than MaxCTT (62 ± 12 N·m and 1085 ± 119 N, respectively). During arm cocking, maximum pelvis angular velocity was greater in MinCTT than MaxCTT and ModCTT, and maximum upper trunk angular velocity was greater in MaxCTT and ModCTT than MinCTT. At ball release, trunk forward tilt was greater in MaxCTT and ModCTT than MinCTT and greater in MaxCTT than ModCTT, while arm slot angle was less in MaxCTT and ModCTT than MinCTT and less in MaxCTT than ModCTT. Conclusion: The greatest shoulder and elbow peak forces occurred in ModCTT, which occurs in pitchers who throw with a three-quarter arm slot. More research is needed to assess if pitchers with ModCTT are at a higher risk of shoulder and elbow injury compared with pitchers with MaxCTT (overhand arm slot) and MinCTT (sidearm arm slot), although in the pitching literature, excessive elbow and shoulder forces and torques have been shown to correlate with elbow and shoulder injuries. Clinical Relevance: The results from the current study will help clinicians better understand if differences in kinematic and kinetic measures differ with pitching, or if differences in force, torque, and arm position occur at different arm slots.
Novel nucleus management technique in hypermature morgagnian cataracts with liquified cortex during phacoemulsification
Authors: Parkash Rohit Om , Gurnani Bharat , Kaur Kirandeep , Parkash Tushya Om , Vajpayee Rasik B , Baldev Vibha 
Published: February 2023

Purpose To describe a novel nucleus management technique of variable size mobile nucleus in Hypermature Morgagnian cataracts. Methods In this technique, under topical anesthesia, temporal tunnel incision and capsulorhexis were performed, and the capsular bag was inflated with 2% w/v hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. A chopper and phacoemulsification probe were used to consciously nudge the nucleus towards the capsular periphery (fornix) to immobilize the floating nucleus against the capsular bag recess. Firm nuclear impaling was achieved using longitudinal power in linear mode (range 0–70%), 650 mmHg vacuum, and aspiration flow rate of 42 ml/min. The nucleus was chopped by direct chop technique, total separation achieved, and fragments emulsified. Primary outcome measures included ease of nuclear holding, iatrogenic zonular stress/damage, posterior capsule tear, and endothelial cell loss. Results This technique was performed in 29 consecutive cases from June 2019 – December 2021, and no intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted. The average phacoemulsification time and cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) were nearly similar in all cases. Conclusion This technique would make phacoemulsification much safer in eyes with hypermature cataract and liquified cortex with lower complication rates and maintenance of better endothelial integrity.
Tildrakizumab in Complex Psoriatic Patients: An Experience in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)
Authors: Bardazzi Federico , Viviani Filippo , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Lasagni Claudia , Bigi Laura , Manfredini Marco , Pongetti Linda , Di Lernia Vito , Corazza Monica , Pepe Francesca 
Published: February 2023

Background IL-23 inhibitors are the latest class of biologic drugs approved for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Objectives to investigate real-life safety and efficacy of tildrakizumab. Methods demographic data, medical history, psoriasis disease history, PASI, DLQI, BSA, NAPSI were recorded at weeks 0, 12, 24, 36. Results PASI, BSA, DLQI and NAPSI all decreased rapidly during the 36 week follow-up period. PASI score reduced from 12.28 to 4.65 by week 12, followed by a further decrease to 1.18 at week 36 Multiple logistic regression showed that smoking, BMI ≥30, ≥3 comorbidities, previous systemic traditional or biologic drugs, psoriatic arthritis nor difficult-to-treat areas influenced the reduction of PASI and NAPSI scores during treatment with tildrakizumab ( P > .05). Conclusions we assessed a good performance of tildrakizumab in patients with multiple comorbidities, multi-failure, elderly patients, and in subjects with psoriatic arthritis.
Proximal Hamate Reconstruction of Proximal Pole Scaphoid Nonunion: A Case Series and Analysis of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Rodriguez-Fontan Francisco , Tucker Nicholas J. , Pflug Emily M. , Leversedge Fraser J. , Catalano Louis W. , Lauder Alexander 
Published: February 2023

Background: Small proximal pole scaphoid nonunions present a clinical challenge influenced by fragment size, vascular compromise, deforming forces exerted through the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL), and potential articular fragmentation. Osteochondral autograft options for proximal pole reconstruction include the medial femoral trochlea, costochondral rib, or proximal hamate. This study reports the clinical outcomes of patients treated with proximal hamate osteochondral autograft reconstruction. Methods: A retrospective review identified patients treated with this surgery from 2 institutions with a minimum 6-month follow-up. Clinical outcomes included the Visual Analog Dcale pain score, 12-item Short-Form survey, abbreviated Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score, wrist and forearm range of motion (ROM), radiographic assessment, and complications. We reviewed and compared these outcomes with those of the current published literature. Results: Four patients (mean age: 24 years, 75% men) with a 12.8-month average follow-up (range: 6-20 months) were included. Radiographic union was identified in all cases by 12 weeks (range, 10-12). The average wrist ROM was 67.5% flexion/extension and 100% pronation/supination compared with the contralateral side at the final follow-up. The mean QuickDASH score was 17.6 (SD, 13). No complications were identified. Conclusions: Proximal pole scaphoid nonunion reconstruction using autologous proximal hamate osteochondral graft demonstrated encouraging clinical and radiographic outcomes. Proximal hamate harvest involves minimal donor site morbidity without a distant operative site, uses an osteochondral graft with similar morphology to the proximal scaphoid, requires no microsurgical technique, and permits reconstruction of the SLIL using the volar capitohamate ligament.
Modified treatment in cerebral ischemia 1 versus modified treatment in cerebral ischemia 0 before endovascular stroke treatment in middle cerebral artery’s M1-occlusion: Predictor for revascularization success and outcome?
Authors: Jesser Jessica , Weyland Charlotte S , Potreck Arne , Neuberger Ulf , Breckwoldt Michael O , Chen Min , Schönenberger Silvia , Bendszus Martin , Möhlenbruch Markus A 
Published: February 2023

Background Little is known about the implications for revascularization success of target vessel occlusions (TVOs) with persisting antegrade perfusion before initiation of endovascular stroke treatment (EST) (modified treatment in cerebral ischemia (mTICI 1)) compared to a complete occlusion (mTICI 0). Here, we compared these two states of TVO. Methods Retrospective, single-center analysis of patients treated for M1-segment middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion with EST from January 2015 until May 2020 in a tertiary stroke center. Primary study endpoint was successful recanalization (mTICI 2c-3) after one thrombectomy attempt. Secondary endpoints were clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 90 days after stroke onset), complication rate, and rate of underlying atherosclerotic disease. The two study groups were compared in univariate analysis including patient characteristics and procedural details. Results In this study, 422/581 patients (72.6%) presented with complete M1-occlusion compared to 159/581 (27.4%) with incomplete M1-occlusion. Neither did the recanalization success rate differ between the study groups nor the rate of complications (mTICI 0: 2.4%, mTICI 1: 0.6%, p = 0.304) or underlying atherosclerotic disease. Patients with incomplete initial occlusion showed a lower mRS at discharge (median interquartile range (IQR) mTICI 0: 4 (3–5) vs. mTICI 1: 3 (2–6), p = 0.014), but a comparable mRS 90 days after stroke onset (mTICI 0: 3 (2–6) vs. mTICI 1: 4 (2–6), p = 0.479). Conclusion Complete M1-occlusions (mTICI 0) and incomplete occlusions (mTICI 1) show the same recanalization success, comparable complication rate, and clinical outcome as well as the same rate of underlying atherosclerotic disease. Thus, incomplete M1-occlusions do not allow for an individualized interventional approach.