bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violence and the Right to Education in the Northern Triangle of Central America
Authors: Lorente Luis-Miguel Lázaro , Rodríguez Míriam Lorente 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Based on a human rights and development approach, this article aims to study the influence and impact of structural violence in the Northern Triangle of Central America on children’s right to education. First, it analyses the context of poverty, inequality and generalised violence that plagues the sub-region under study. Secondly, a diagnosis is made of the situation regarding the right to education through indicators of educational completion and efficiency, including critical moments in the transition through the education system, as well as the phenomenon of school dropout. The article then analyses a series of determining factors in the violation of the right to education, insofar as they are linked to the situation of generalised structural violence. Finally, a series of conclusions are offered in order to guide debate and reflection on possible solutions to the problem studied.
Digital Teaching Competence According to the DigCompEdu Framework. Comparative Study in Different Latin American Universities
Authors: Cabero-Almenara Julio , Gutiérrez-Castillo Juan-Jesús , Barroso-Osuna Julio , Rodríguez-Palacios Antonio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The relevance and importance that the topic of Digital Competences for Teachers (DCT) has gained is evident both in the field of training and in research, as can be seen by the increase in the amount of research and meta-analysis carried out on this topic. This article presents the results of an ex post facto research with a cross-sectional research design, based on a descriptive and hypothesis-testing approach. A total of 6,664 teachers from different Latin American universities participated in the self-knowledge they have regarding their Digital Teaching Competence (DTC) according to the DigCompEdu framework of the European Union. Among the results obtained, it is worth noting the intermediate level of digital competences reported by the teachers surveyed, with significant differences with respect to different key variables for their development. Therefore, we conclude by reflecting on the need to establish teacher training plans in this area.
University Teacher Credibility as a Strategy to Motivate Students
Authors: García Alfonso Javier , Froment Facundo A. , Bohórquez María Rocío 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
University students’ motivation can be affected by several factors, one being their perceptions of teacher behaviour in the classroom. This study aimed to predict university students’ state motivation from their perceptions of teacher credibility. The participants were 344 students from the University of Seville. A structural equation model was used with the partial least squares method (PLS-SEM), a technique based on variance, employed to test, and validate the proposed hypotheses. The results reveal, on the one hand, a positive effect of teacher credibility on state motivation and, on the other hand, that teacher credibility has predictive power and predictive relevance for state motivation. Likewise, there is evidence of predictive validity in that teacher credibility can predict values for new cases of state motivation. Strategies are provided for a university faculty to manage their behaviour in the classroom to increase their students’ state motivation, highlighting the use of PLS-SEM as a data analysis tool suitable for application in higher education.
Suicidal Ideation in Undergraduate Students of Social Work: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Gómez Pilar Munuera , Lázaro-Pérez Cristina , Martínez-López José Ángel , Gómez-Galán José 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
There is a social and cultural problem related to suicide in advanced societies. From a professional point of view, social workers intervene to achieve social welfare and health for the people with whom they work without being exempt from suffering suicidal ideation themselves. The present research aims to analyze suicidal ideation in undergraduate students of Social Work. Through a quantitative methodology, this phenomenon is analyzed in a large sample of students belonging to Spanish universities (n=1005). In the statistical study, a frequency analysis, a cross-table analysis, and a binary logistic regression are developed, taking as reference the dependent variable: the risk of suicidal ideation. The predictor variables of suicidal risk are: sex, type of social relationships, bullying in previous stages, consumption of antidepressant medication, increased anxiety after COVID-19, and economic difficulties in continuing studies. Universities should not be oblivious to the problems of their students but should incorporate specific programs for the treatment and prevention of suicidal risk, promoting quality education about the U.N. Sustainable Development Goals.
The ‘Birth of Doubt‘ and ‘The Existence of Other Possibilities’: Exploring How the ACAD Toolkit Supports Design for Learning
Authors: Carvalho Lucila , Castañeda Linda , Yeoman Pippa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The circumstances in which humans live and learn are subject to constant change. Given these cycles of change, educational designers (teachers, instructional designers, and others) often search for new models and frameworks to support their work, to ensure their designs are in alignment with valued forms of learning activity. Our research foregrounds the entanglement of people (the relational), tasks (the conceptual) and tools (the digital and material) in formal and informal learning settings. In this paper, we explore the use of the ACAD toolkit with the aim of understanding how this analytical tool supports design for learning. A thematic analysis of five workshops attended by 40 educators from diverse professional and academic backgrounds in Spain and Argentina, reveals how ACAD supports educational designers in four distinctive ways: encouraging dynamic engagement with key elements and concepts; supporting the visualization of (dis)connections and (in)coherence in designs; prompting critical reflection on past practices and contexts; and stimulating discussion about future teaching practices. A key contribution of this article is the discussion about how the ACAD toolkit helps educators see the ways in which all learning is situated, subject to constraints and affordances at multiple scale levels, and oriented towards certain pedagogical purposes or values.
Size Distribution and Growth Pattern of Mackerel Scad (Decapterus Sp.) Caught by Boat Lift Nets in Doreri Bay Waters, Manokwari Regency, West Papua, Indonesia and Its Management Implications
Authors: Patty Richard Steven , Bawole Roni , Sala Ridwan , Tjolli Ihwan , Lahumeten Frengky , Mudjirahayu  , Pangulimang Joice 
Published: July 2023

Aims: The present study aims to explore some of biological characteristics of mackerel scad, such as size structures and length and weight relationship in which that information is important for the management of the fish resources.
Place and Duration of Study: The data collection was conducted from April to June 2019 in the waters of Doreri Bay, Manokwari Regency.
Methodology: The data were collected from 6 boat lift nets during their fishing operation, 7 days every month for 3 months of research. The data collected was the catch of mackerel scad fish and the size of total length and weight the individual fish samples. The data were then descriptively analyzed to explore the fish size structures. Simple regression analyses was used to estimate the length weight relationship (LWR) of fish.
Results: The production of mackerel scad caught in the waters of Doreri Bay from April to June was around 68.5 tonnes which was dominated by the species Decapterus macerellus. The individual size structure of each species varies. D. macerellus has a size range of 17.8 cm to 25.7 cm, Decapterus macrosoma measures 10.5 cm to 12.7 cm, Decapterus akaadsi measures 7.9 cm to 19.0 cm, Decapterus kuroides measures 9.4 cm to 14.9 cm, and Decapterus scrombinus measures 10.3 cm to 18.0 cm. On average, the size of the individuals caught is smaller than the size at first smaturity (Lm). The growth pattern of mackerel scad fish varies between species. Fore example species D. macrosoma tend to follow a positive allometric growth pattern, while D akaadsi and D. macerellus tend to follow a negative allometric growth pattern.
Conclusion: Mackerel scad caught on average were dominated by individuals with a size less than the size of the first maturity (Lm); Growth pattern of Mackerel scad varied among different species and among different months; and Mackerel scad fish caught using boat lift nets in Doreri Bay, Manokwari Regency need to be managed properly by considering the minimum legal sizes and the aspect of carrying capacity.
A Structural Relationship Model of Communicative Competence
Authors: Morales Ryan O. , Limpot Marilou 
Published: July 2023

Aim: To investigate the most appropriate model of students' competence to communicate using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as the basis for the instrument's design in analyzing the relationship of readiness to direct learning, strategy in language learning, learning environment, and communicative competence.
Study Design: Quantitative Causal Analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: Region XI, Philippines, during the second semester of 2022.
Methodology: The stratified Random sampling technique was utilized using Raosoft Application to select the 1184 high school students. The instrument underwent pilot testing and obtained an average Cronbach alpha of .954. Consent forms were obtained from the respondents' parents. All respondents were oriented on the purpose of the study.
Results: The findings showed that the level of readiness in direct learning, language learning strategies in the learning environment, and communicative ability were high. It was also found that there was a significant relationship between direct learning readiness, language learning strategies, and students' learning environment with communicative ability. Moreover, model 5 is the best fit. The findings support Reynolds and Walberg's Theory of Academic Achievement which states that the psychological characteristics and way of dealing with a student influence what he achieves when it comes to behavior, attitude, and cognitive matters, and Canale and Swain's Theory of Communicative Competence which states that communicative language in teaching requires an environment of trust and confidence where students interact without fear or threat of failure and the importance of the classroom environment in developing communicative competence.
Conclusion: The results highlighted the influence of psychological characteristics on educational outcomes and underscored the importance of a trusting classroom environment for developing communicative abilities.
Effect of Rate and Frequency of Micronutrient Application on Soil Chemical Properties for Production of Banana under Drip Irrigation
Authors: Singh Narendra , Sonal Tripathi , Patel V. A. , Naik Jaimin R. , Vaishali Surve 
Published: July 2023

The two year field experiment "effect of rate and frequency of micronutrient application on production of banana under drip irrigation" was carried out using banana as a test crop and as ratoon crop at Soil and Water Management Research Unit, NAU, Navsari. Present experiment was conducted at fixed site, for plant crop a set of 8 treatments were tried and subsequently the same set of treatments were super imposed on ratoon crop. The different rate of multi-micronutrients mixture, grade-V(M1= 25 gm/plant, M2= 50 gm/plant, M3= 75 gm/plant) and the frequency of application (S1= Basal and S2= 50 per cent each as basal and 50 per cent two month after planting) was used in different treatments in present investigation. Total eight treatments like 60% RD of N & K and 100% RD of P (PFDC) (T1), PFDC+M1S1(T2), PFDC+M1S2(T3),PFDC+M2S1(T4), PFDC+M2S2(T5),PFDC+M3S1(T6), PFDC+M3S2(T7) and 100% RDF only (T8) for plant as well as ratoon banana crops were tested using randomized block design with four replications. The application of micronutrient under treatment T7 {micronutrient application @ 75 g/plant applied as 50% basal + 50 % after 2 month planting (M3S2) along with PFDC practices} gave significantly highest DTPA-Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content in soil during different periodical soil analysis at 3, 6 and 9 (MAP) and at harvest of banana crop in both the years 2012-13 (plant) and 2013-14 (ratoon) compared to control and it was at par with T6. The application of micronutrient gave the non-significant effect on soil pH. The treatment T7 showed significant effect on soil EC (dS m-1). Whereas, highest available N, P2O5 and K2O content significantly increased in 100% RDF treatments compared to other treatments at 3, 6, 9 MAP of the plant banana as well as at 3, 6 and 9 MAR (month after ratooning). The treatment T6, T7 and T8 were found more remunerative than the remaining treatments as these treatments recorded higher BCR values of 1:2.20, 1:2.34 and 1:2.19, respectively.
Impact of Different Packaging Materials on the Quality and Shelf Life of Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus reticulata)
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Bahadur Vijay , Topno Samir E. , Mishra Saket , Joseph Annjoe V. 
Published: July 2023

The experiment carried out on the “Impact of Different Packaging Materials on The Quality and Shelf Life of Kinnow Mandarin (Citrus reticulata)".Under the study the packaging treatments include T1 (Control or no packaging), T2 (Fruits packed in Newspaper), T3 (Fruits wrapped in Brown paper bags), T4 (Fruits packed in Aluminium Foil), T5 (Fruits wrapped in LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene), T6 (Fruits packed in Rice stubble), T7 (fruits packed in Perforated boxes), T8 (Fruits packed in Gunny bags), T9 (Fruits packed in Nylon net bags). The main objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of various packaging materials on physico-chemical characteristics of Kinnow fruit during storage. The physico-chemical evaluation of the fruits of each treatment was done upto 24 days and all the observations were recorded at every 6 days interval. The Fruit Weight, Polar Diameter, Radial Diameter, Peel weight having the decreasing trend, the highest mean was found in T5 during storage which were (151.70), (57.58), (59.11), (36.08) respectively. The TSS(0Brix) and pH were recorded lowest in the fruits packed in T5 during storage which were (10.45) and (4.02) respectively. Specific gravity of fruits had decreasing trend during storage period and found highest (0.86) in T5 at 24 days while ascorbic acid and titrable acidity had decreasing trend and mean values was found highest (17.89) and (0.89) in T5 respectively during storage. On basis of study results shown by physico-chemical characteristics of kinnow, it was concluded that kinnow fruits packed in T5 LDPE packing has highest overall acceptability at 24 days of storage. These practices may be passed on for obtaining higher returns with B:C ratio of 2.39.
Constitutional and Institutional Governance of Electricity Sector in Nigeria
Authors: Aguda Olukayode Olalekan 
Published: July 2023

The extensive reform of Nigeria's power industry is focused on deregulation, restructuring, and privatisation. The government started a comprehensive economic reform programme in 1999, which includes this reform. The National Electric Power Policy (NEPP) of 2001 and the Electric Power Sector Reform (EPSR) Act of 2005 both first stated the need for privatising the electricity sector. The privatisation of the entire energy sector made considerable strides in 2013 with the transfer of ownership of six electricity production businesses and eleven electricity distribution companies. The reform has led to the repeal of the EPSR Act 2005 by the enactment of the Electricity Act 2023. This paper therefore seeks to ensure that a reform process is not only set up but prioritized within the Electricity sector.
With the passage of the Privatisation and Commercialization Act in 1988 and the subsequent creation of the Technical Committee for Privatisation and Commercialization (TCPC) in 1993, the reform process got underway. When civilian authority was restored in 1999, the government passed the Public Enterprises (Privatisation and Commercialization) Act, which established the National Council on Privatisation (NCP) as the top policy-making body on privatization-related matters. The Bureau for Public Enterprises (BPE) was created under the Act to serve as the government's technical operator and task manager for its public enterprise reform initiative.
The reform legislation calls for licencing, liberalisation, the unbundling of the public monopoly utility, corporatization, and the commercialization of successor enterprises. The Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) was established as a holding company. To ensure a competitive electricity market, the law suggests selling generating and distributing enterprises to core investors.
Despite privatisation attempts, Nigeria's electrical supply reliability remains a serious difficulty, and regulation remains an urgent issue. Due to the inconsistent availability of energy, manufacturers continue to rely primarily on diesel generators. Power plant failures have resulted in significant electrical shortages, with daily power outages lasting several hours.
Conclusively, while the Nigerian power sector has undergone significant reforms, there is still a need for further improvements in regulation and electricity supply reliability to address the country's persistent energy challenges and support economic diversification beyond oil production and manufacturing sector collapse.
Clinical Effectiveness of Hawthorn, Lemon Balm and Magnesium on Patients with Distress Disorders: Preliminary Data by a Survey of Italian Gastroenterologists
Authors: Usai-Satta Paolo , Monica Fabio 
Published: July 2023

Aims: distress disorders (DD) include psychological symptoms such as sleep disorders, fatigue and psychophysical exhaustion that are common to many mental diseases. DD is often associated with somatic symptoms such as abdominal pain or bowel dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate in patients with DD the effectiveness of a nutraceutical containing Hawthorn, Lemon Balm, and Magnesium (Vagostabil®) on psychological and abdominal symptoms. For this purpose, a clinical survey was conducted by 7 Italian gastroenterologists.
Methodology: 85 patients with DD (60 F, mean age 51,6 yrs), identified by a score > 18 based on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), were included in the study. All patients assumed Vagostabil®, three tablets a day for two months. The same HAM-A score and a VAS score for abdominal pain were used to measure clinical results.
Results: the mean score of the HAM-A scale decreased from 28.61 to 18.22 after 1 month and to 11.46 after 2 months of treatment respectively (P = .001 for all comparisons). An overall reduction of HAM-A score by 59.94 % was observed at the end of the treatment (P = .001). Similarly, VAS score for abdominal pain decreased from 7.59 to 4.86 after 1 month, and to 2.41 at the end of the treatment (P = .001 for both comparisons). A global reduction of 68.25% in the VAS score was observed at the end of the survey (P = .001).
Conclusion: this clinical survey showed that Vagostabil® can ameliorate psychological symptoms and associated abdominal pain in patients with DD. These preliminary data suggest that Vagostabil® could be utilized by gastroenterologists in functional gastrointestinal disorders. However, further studies are needed to confirm these data.
In-vitro and In-silico Inhibitory Action of Methanol Extract of Rhynchosia beddomei Whole Plant on α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase
Authors: Reddy N. V. L Suvarchala , Raju M. Ganga , Mamatha M. , Madhuri M. L. 
Published: July 2023

The goal of the current study was to identify potential bioactive components that may be responsible for Rhynchosia beddomei's antidiabetic activity through in silico docking study and to investigate potential mechanisms by which Rhynchosia beddomei may be helpful in managing diabetes and its associated complications. In vitro anti-diabetic assays showed that this plant's high efficiency to inhibit α-amylase (62.13%) and α-glucosidase (59.9%) enzymatic activity, which are well-established targets for the management of diabetes, is responsible for its anti-hyperglycaemic activity. Soxhlet extraction produced an extractive yield of 35.43%. Additionally, we hypothesised that flavonoids including rutin, lucenin, orientin, rhynchosin, and isooreintin contained in this plant may be accountable for the antidiabetic characteristics through docking experiments. The traditional usage of this herb as an antidiabetic is supported scientifically by these findings. By reducing dietary glucose intake, it may help slow the course of diabetic complications and control diabetes. The therapy of hyperglycaemia requires further screening of predicted antidiabetic compounds.
Side‐Chain Functionalized Polymer Hole‐Transporting Materials with Defect Passivation Effect for Highly Efficient Inverted Quasi‐2D Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pan Zhengwu , Peng Darui , Zhao Xiujie , Xu Weifeng , Bao Yinyu , Feng Ziqian , Zou Qin , Xu Bo , Wang Yue , Gao Han , Yin Chengrong , Li Renzhi , Wang Jianpu , Huang Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCompared with inverted 3D perovskite solar cell (PSCs), inverted quasi‐2D PSCs have advantages in device stability, but the device efficiency is still lagging behind. Constructing polymer hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) with passivation functions to improve the buried interface and crystallization properties of perovskite films is one of the effective strategies to improve the performance of inverted quasi‐2D PSCs. Herein, two novel side‐chain functionalized polymer HTMs containing methylthio‐based passivation groups are designed, named PVCz‐SMeTPA and PVCz‐SMeDAD, for inverted quasi‐2D PSCs. Benefited from the non‐conjugated flexible backbone bearing functionalized side‐chain groups, the polymer HTMs exhibit excellent film‐forming properties, well‐matched energy levels and improved charge mobility, which facilitates the charge extraction and transport between HTM and quasi‐2D perovskite layer. More importantly, by introducing methylthio units, the polymer HTMs can enhance the contact and interactions with quasi‐2D perovskite, and further passivating the buried interface defects and assisting the deposition of high‐quality perovskite. Due to the suppressed interfacial non‐radiative recombination, the inverted quasi‐2D PSCs using PVCz‐SMeTPA and PVCz‐SMeDAD achieve impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.41% and 20.63% with open‐circuit voltage of 1.23 and 1.22 V, respectively. Furthermore, the PVCz‐SMeTPA based inverted quasi‐2D PSCs also exhibits negligible hysteresis and considerably improved thermal and long‐term stability.