bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A neural circuit for gastric motility disorders driven by gastric dilation in mice
Authors: Wang Xi-yang , Chen Xiao-qi , Wang Guo-quan , Cai Rong-lin , Wang Hao , Wang Hai-tao , Peng Xiao-qi , Zhang Meng-ting , Huang Shun , Shen Guo-ming 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSymptoms of gastric motility disorders are common clinical manifestations of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), and are triggered and exacerbated by stress, but the neural pathways underpinning them remain unclear.MethodsWe set-up a mouse model by gastric dilation (GD) in which the gastric dynamics were assessed by installing strain gauges on the surface of the stomach. The neural pathway associated with gastric motility disorders was investigated by behavioral tests, electrophysiology, neural circuit tracing, and optogenetics and chemogenetics involving projections of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) to acetylcholine (ChAT) neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV).ResultsWe found that GD induced gastric motility disorders were accompanied by activation of PVNCRH neurons, which could be alleviated by strategies that inhibits the activity of PVNCRH neurons. In addition, we identified a neural pathway in which PVNCRH neurons project into DMVChAT neurons, modulated activity of the PVNCRH→DMVChAT pathway to alleviate gastric motility disorders induced by GD.DiscussionThese findings indicate that the PVNCRH→DMVChAT pathway may mediate at least some aspects of GD related gastric motility, and provide new insights into the mechanisms by which somatic stimulation modulates the physiological functions of internal organs and systems.
Explainable machine learning for long-term outcome prediction in two-center stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Ping Zheng , Huiyu She , Min Li , Qingke Bai , Qiuyun Lu , Xu Chen 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveNeurological outcome prediction in patients with ischemic stroke is very critical in treatment strategy and post-stroke management. Machine learning techniques with high accuracy are increasingly being developed in the medical field. We studied the application of machine learning models to predict long-term neurological outcomes in patients with after intravenous thrombolysis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed to review all stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis. Patients with modified Rankin Score (mRs) less than two at three months post-thrombolysis were considered as good outcome. The clinical features between stroke patients with good and with poor outcomes were compared using three different machine learning models (Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression) to identify which performed best. Two datasets from the other stroke center were included accordingly for external verification and performed with explainable AI models.ResultsOf the 488 patients enrolled in this study, and 374 (76.6%) patients had favorable outcomes. Patients with higher mRs at 3 months had increased systolic pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol (TC), and 7-day National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score compared to those with lower mRs. The predictability and the areas under the curves (AUC) for the random forest model was relatively higher than support vector machine and LR models. These findings were further validated in the external dataset and similar results were obtained. The explainable AI model identified the risk factors as well.ConclusionExplainable AI model is able to identify NIHSS_Day7 is independently efficient in predicting neurological outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis.
De novo variants in MAST4 related to neurodevelopmental disorders with developmental delay and infantile spasms: Genotype-phenotype association
Authors: Zhang Xi , Xiao Neng , Cao Yang , Peng Ying , Lian Aojie , Chen Yuanlu , Wang Pengchao , Gu Weiyue , Xiao Bo , Yu Jing , Wang Hua , Shu Li 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to prove that the de novo variants in MAST4 gene are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) with developmental delay (DD) and infantile spasm (IS) and to determine the genotype-phenotype correlations.MethodsTrio-based exome sequencing (ES) was performed on the four families enrolled in this study. We collected and systematically reviewed the four probands’ clinical data, magnetic resonance images (MRI), and electroencephalography (EEG). We also carried out bioinformatics analysis by integrating published exome/genome sequencing data and human brain transcriptomic data.ResultsWe described four patients whose median age of seizure onset was 5 months. The primary manifestation was infantile spasms with typical hypsarrhythmia on EEG. Developmental delays or intellectual disabilities varied among the four individuals. Three de novo missense variants in MAST4 gene were identified from four families, including chr5:66438324 (c.2693T &gt; C: p.Ile898Thr) z, chr5:66459419 (c.4412C &gt; T: p.Thr1471Ile), and chr5:66462662 (c.7655C &gt; G:p.Ser2552Trp). The missense variant p.Ile898Thr is mapped to the AGC-kinase C-terminal with phosphatase activity. The other variant p.Ser2552Trp is located in a phosphoserine-modified residue which may affect cell membrane stability and signal transduction. Besides, the variant p.Thr1471Ile is a recurrent site screened out in two unrelated patients. Compared to private mutations (found only in a single family or a small population) of MAST4 in the gnomAD non-neuro subset, all de novo variants were predicted to be damaging or probably damaging through different bioinformatic analyses. Significantly higher CADD scores of the variant p.Thr1471Ile indicate more deleteriousness of the recurrent site. And the affected amino acids are highly conserved across multiple species. According to the Brainspan Atlas database, MAST4 is expressed primarily in the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and medial prefrontal cortex during the prenatal period, potentially contributing to embryonic brain development.ConclusionOur results revealed that the variants of MAST4 gene might lead to neurodevelopmental disorders with developmental delay and infantile spasm. Thus, MAST4 variants should be considered the potential candidate gene in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders clinically marked by infantile spasms.
Relationship between the Mediterranean diet and risk of hepatic fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional analysis of the RaNCD cohort
Authors: Miryan Mahsa , Darbandi Mitra , Moradi Mozhgan , Najafi Farid , Soleimani Davood , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundDespite evidence supporting the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on hepatic steatosis in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the relationship of the MedDiet with hepatic fibrosis is as yet unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore this association in Iranian adults with NAFLD.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 3,325 subjects with NAFLD from the Ravansar Noncommunicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort. Dietary intake data were collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The MedDiet score was computed based on a nine-point scale constructed by Trichopoulou et al. Fatty liver index (FLI) and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index were used to predict hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in the population. Multivariate regression models were applied to determine associations.ResultsSubjects in the highest tertile of MedDiet score had a higher platelet and a lower weight, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, and FLI than those in the lowest tertile (p-value &lt; 0.05). Adherence to the MedDiet was associated with a 7.48 (95%CI: 5.376 to 9.603; p-value: 0.001) × 103/μl; −0.417 (95%CI: −0.819 to −0.014; p-value: 0.042) kg, −2.505 (95%CI: −3.835 to −1.175; p-value: 0.001) mg/dl; and −1.93 (95%CI: −2.803 to −1.061; p-value: 0.001) mg/dl change in platelet, weight, TC, and LDL-c for each SD increase in the score, respectively. A significant linear trend was observed in odds of hepatic fibrosis across the tertiles of the MedDiet score (P-trend: 0.008). This linear trend was attenuated but remained significant after the adjustment of the relevant confounders (P-trend: 0.032). Adherence to the MedDiet was independently associated with about 16% lower odds of having hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD for each SD increase in the score.ConclusionAdherence to the MedDiet characterized by a high intake of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and fish was associated with a lower risk of having hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Further studies are required to elucidate the causal relationship of observed association in individuals of all ages, ethnicities, and etiologies of hepatic steatosis.
Dairy product consumption was associated with a lower likelihood of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dai Wei , Liu Huiyuan , Zhang Tingjing , Chang Qing , Zhao Yuhong , Guo Chuanji , Xia Yang 
Published: February 2023

Background and aimsNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease. Several epidemiological studies attempted to assess the association between dairy product and the likelihood of NAFLD, but the contribution of dairy consumption to NAFLD remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and NAFLD.MethodsWe conducted a literature search using the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, we conducted a thorough search of the literature published before January 5, 2023. Combined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NAFLD in relation to dairy product intake were estimated using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed according to the study design, region, sex, body mass index (BMI), type of exposure, NAFLD diagnostic criteria, and exposure assessment tools.ResultsWe initially identified 4,634 relevant studies, of which 25 complied with the inclusion criteria, including seven cross-sectional studies, six case–control studies and one cohort study. A total of 51,476 participants (14,546 patients with NAFLD) were included in the meta-analysis. There was an inverse association between dairy product consumption and NAFLD (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.94–0.99). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that lower likelihood of NAFLD was associated with dairy product consumption in subgroups of Asian populations, women, patients diagnosed using NAFLD-related scores, patients with a BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, dairy intake assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, milk consumption, and yogurt consumption. No noteworthy connection was observed in the other subgroups.ConclusionOur meta-analysis findings revealed that dairy product consumption is inversely associated with NAFLD. Consumption of dairy products could help prevent the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Effects of wetted inner clothing on thermal strain in young and older males while wearing ventilation garments
Authors: Tokizawa Ken 
Published: February 2023

The present study examined the effect of wearing a water-soaked inner t-shirt with a ventilation garment on thermal and cardiovascular strain in eight young (26 ± 4 years) and eight older (67 ± 3 years) men undertaking moderate-intensity work (metabolic rate: 200–230 W m−2) in a hot environment (37°C, 50% RH, 2.8 kPa). While intermittent walking in hot conditions for 60 min, as a control (CON), the subject wore a dry inner t-shirt (long-sleeved) without fanning of a ventilation jacket (single-layered cotton, 0.21 clo). On separate days, under a fanned ventilation jacket, the subject wore a dry inner t-shirt (DRY) or an inner t-shirt soaked with 350 mL of tap water (WET). In the young group, increases in rectal temperature from pre-exercise baseline in the WET trial (0.7°C ± 0.2°C) were lower than in the CON (1.3°C ± 0.3°C) and DRY (1.1°C ± 0.2°C) (both p &lt; 0.05) trials during exercise in hot conditions. In the older group, the increases were also attenuated in WET (0.7°C ± 0.4°C) compared with CON (1.3°C ± 0.4°C) and DRY (1.1°C ± 0.4°C) (both p &lt; 0.05) without differences between age groups. Heart rate and whole-body sweat loss were lowest in the WET, followed by DRY, and then CON conditions in both groups (all p &lt; 0.05). These findings demonstrate that wearing a water-soaked inner t-shirt while using a ventilation garment is an effective and practical cooling strategy to mitigate thermal and cardiovascular strains in young and older individuals during moderate-intensity work in hot conditions.
The community mental health team fidelity scale: A measure of program fidelity of social networks interventions for severe mental illness
Authors: Alvarez-Monjaras Mauricio , Lotmore Melissa , Razzaque Russell , Hopfenbeck Mark Steven , Pilling Stephen 
Published: February 2023

Open dialogue (OD) is a multi-component therapeutic and organizational intervention for crisis and continuing community mental health care with a therapeutic focus on clients’ social networks. The development and implementation of this model of care in the United Kingdom requires considerable contextual adaptations which need to be assessed to support effective implementation. Program fidelity–the extent to which core components of an intervention are delivered as intended by an intervention protocol at all levels–is crucial for these adaptations.AimsTo develop, pilot, and implement a program fidelity measure for community mental health services providing OD and ‘treatment as usual’ (TAU) or standard NHS crisis and community care.MethodsMeasure structure, content, and scoring were developed and refined through an iterative process of discussion between the research team and OD experts. Measure was piloted in the 6 OD and 6 TAU services participating in a large-scale research program.ResultsInitial data suggests that the Community Mental Health Team Fidelity Scale (COM-FIDE) is a potentially reliable and feasible measure of the fidelity of community mental health services and specific OD components of such services.
Physical function, ADL, and depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly: Evidence from the CHARLS
Authors: Yan Yumeng , Du Yiqian , Li Xue , Ping Weiwei , Chang Yunqi 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundDepressive symptoms are a serious public health problem that affects the mental health of older adults. However, current knowledge of the association between ADL disability and physical dysfunction and depressive symptoms in Chinese adults is insufficient. We intend to analyze the association between physical function, ADL, and depressive symptoms in older Chinese adults.MethodsThe data obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (2015 and 2018) (CHARLS). This includes 3,431 in 2015 and 3,258 in 2018 over the age of 60. Comparing 2015 and 2018 data, multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between physical function, ADL, and depressive symptoms in urban and rural older adults, adjusting for sociodemographic factors associated with depression in older adults.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults in China was 33.8 percent in 2015 and 50.6 percent in 2018. In baseline data from 2015 and 2018, residence, gender, marital status, drinking, physical function, ADL, and self-rated health were all found to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. The differences in physical function, ADL and depressive symptoms among older adults in 2015 and 2018 were further analyzed based on urban and rural stratification. Both physical dysfunction and ADL disability were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in rural older adults in 2015 and 2018. And in urban areas, ADL was found to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms in urban older adults. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that ADL disability was significantly associated with depressive symptoms among older adults in both urban and rural areas. Physical dysfunction was only significant in rural areas with depressive symptoms. The alpha level was instead set to 0.05 for all statistical tests.ConclusionRural, female, 60–70 years of age, primary school or below, married, non-smoking, non-drinking, physical dysfunction, ADL disability and self-rated poor health make-up a higher proportion of depressed older adults. ADL disability and physical dysfunction were more likely to be associated with depressive symptoms in rural Chinese older adults. Therefore, the physical and mental health of rural elderly should be of concern. The rural older adults should receive additional support from the government and society.
Patient healthcare experiences of cancer hospitals in China: A multilevel modeling analysis based on a national survey
Authors: Liu Meicen , Hu Linlin , Xu Yue , Wang Yue , Liu Yuanli 
Published: February 2023

ImportancePatient satisfaction is a crucial indicator for assessing quality of care in healthcare settings. However, patient satisfaction benchmark for cancer hospitals in China is not established.ObjectiveTo examine patient satisfaction levels in tertiary cancer hospitals in China, and inter-hospital variations after case-mix adjustment.DesignA nationwide cross-sectional hospital performance survey conducted from January to March 2021.SettingsAt 30 tertiary cancer hospitals in China.ParticipantsA total of 4,847 adult inpatients consecutively recruited at 30 tertiary cancer hospitals were included.ExposuresPatient characteristics included demographic characteristics (sex, age, education, and annual family income), clinical characteristics (cancer type, cancer stage, self-reported health status, and length of stay), and actual respondents of questionnaire.Main outcomes and measuresPatient satisfaction was measured using 23 items covering five aspects, administrative process, hospital environment, medical care, symptom management, and overall satisfaction. Responses to each item were recorded using a 5-point Likert scale. Patient satisfaction level for each aspect was described at individual and hospital levels. Using multilevel logistic regression, patient characteristics associated with patient satisfaction were examined as case-mix adjusters and inter-hospital variation were determined.ResultsThe satisfaction rates for symptom management, administrative process, hospital environment, overall satisfaction, and medical care aspects were 74.56, 81.70, 84.18, 84.26, and 90.86% with a cut-off value of 4, respectively. Significant predictors of patient satisfaction included sex, age, cancer type, cancer stage, self-reported health status, and actual respondent (representative or patient) (all P &lt; 0.05). The ranking of the hospitals' performance in satisfaction was altered after the case-mix adjustment was made. But even after the adjustment, significant variation in satisfaction among hospitals remained.Conclusions and relevanceThis study pointed to symptom management as a special area, to which a keen attention should be paid by policymakers and hospital administrators. Significant variation in satisfaction among hospitals remained, implying that future studies should examine major factors affecting the variation. In review, target interventions are needed in low-performing hospitals.
Basic study on a filtering method for selectively extracting cavitation bubble region in ultrasound imaging by triplet pulse sequence
Authors: Kuji Shota , Umemura Shin-ichiro , Yoshizawa Shin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment enhanced by cavitation bubbles, monitoring cavitation bubbles is important to ensure the safety and efficacy of the treatment. In previous studies, a triplet pulse sequence (3P) was proposed to extract nonlinear echoes from bubbles. However, it was difficult to distinguish between the bubble component and the component from strong scatterers. In this study, in addition to 3P method, a filtering method to effectively extract cavitation bubble regions was proposed, and its effectiveness was experimentally examined. The proposed method extracts cavitation bubbles by setting a threshold value for the ratio of the amplitude from a 3P image to that from a 1P image (3P/1P). Under the conditions in this study (imaging frequency:2.45 MHz), the proposed can filter out the regions without bubbles by performing 3P/1P with the average values in the region of interest (2 × 2 mm2) and setting a threshold of −20 dB.
High power transmission efficiency of wireless power transfer system using high-quality factor superconducting bulk coil
Authors: Oshimoto Natsuka , Sakuma Keita , Ono Satoshi , Sekiya Naoto 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We developed a high-quality-factor high-temperature superconducting (HTS) bulk coil to increase the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. We proposed the resonant frequency tuning by using the two sapphire substrates thickness of coil support. The configuration of a 65 mm diameter HTS bulk coil was optimized to a resonant frequency of 64 MHz. The measured quality factor of the HTS bulk coil was 9,431, which is 12 times that of the copper coil. At the transfer distance of 20 cm, the measured PTE of the WPT system using HTS bulk coils and one using copper coils were 74.8% and 20.6%, respectively.
A STUDY OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF THE HIGH-RANK WHEAT SEEDS
Authors: Eskander. H. Ali  , D. A. Abu Duaila  , M. KH. Mohammed  
Published: February 2023

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of economic, social and institutional factors on adoption within the national program for the propagation of high-rank seeds of wheat crop. 170 questionnaires were collected, 50% of them were participants in the program from Wasit and Babil governorates. Probabilistic regression models were used to know this effect, and the possibility of adopting Farmers of improved seeds produced from the national program for the multiplication of seeds of higher grades using the (ADOPT) program. The adoption rate was 0.12%, and the total number of adopters were 12 farmers, at a rate of 14.2%. Tobit model was estimated to find out the impact of the profitability of the dunum, capital, farm size, education, type of tenure, and the number of adoption cycles expressed by 1 in the case of adoption and 0 otherwise. It was found that the increase in the size of the farm and the profitability of the dunum by one unit, the probability of adoption will increase by 5.6 and 2.3, respectively. The results of the ADOPT analysis showed that after the first (5) passes after the launch of the program’s seeds and the farmers’ knowledge of its existence, the adoption rate is expected to reach about (90.9%) of farmers, and reaching the top of adoption, which reaches about (95%) of farmers, requires a period up to about (7.4) years. The size of the initial cost of the investment in relation to the potential annual returns from the use of the technology: The size of the initial investment is (low) cost, the seeds produced from the program had a lower cost than the imported seeds and are competitive with them in quality, purity, and desirable genetic characteristics , so the cost the initial investment for these seeds is small compared to the expected return from the seed output.