bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of clinical factors predicts successful glucocorticoid withdrawal in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): results from a multicentre, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Katechis Spyridon , Pitsigavdaki Sofia , Nikoloudaki Myrto , Silvagni Ettore , Repa Argyro , Marangoni Antonio , Flouri Irini , Avgoustidis Nestor , Parperis Konstantinos , Govoni Marcello , Sidiropoulos Prodromos , Boumpas Dimitrios T , Fanouriakis Antonis , Bertsias George , Bortoluzzi Alessandra 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveGlucocorticoid (GC) tapering and withdrawal to reduce damage represents a key aspect of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) SLE recommendations. However, optimal strategies for relapse-free GC cessation remain ill-defined. We characterised clinical predictors and their combined effect on flares in patients with SLE who discontinued GC.MethodsRetrospective cohort of 324 patients with active SLE (PGA ≥1.5 and/or SLEDAI-2K ≥6) who received GC as part of treatment intensification (median follow-up 60 months). Survival and generalised linear models estimated SELENA-SLEDAI flare risks and their predictors.ResultsGCs were discontinued in 220 (67.9%) patients with 1-year risks for overall and severe flares of 50% and 25%, respectively (HR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.96 for overall flares; HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.25 for severe flares, compared with non-withdrawers). Flare risk was lowered when GCs were ceased during remission (DORIS) or Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS; excluding remission) (HR for severe flares: 0.23; 0.12 to 0.43 and 0.30; 0.18 to 0.50, respectively), with each additional month in targets providing further protection. Hydroxychloroquine prevented total (HR: 0.37; 0.26 to 0.53) and severe flares (HR: 0.33; 0.21 to 0.52), while mycophenolate and azathioprine reduced overall flares. Prednisone tapering from 7.5 mg/day to 0 over >6 months improved severe flare-free outcome (HR: 0.57; 0.37 to 0.90). Random survival forests identified DORIS/LLDAS, hydroxychloroquine use and slow GC tapering as top predictors, whose coexistence reduced overall and severe flares by ~25 fold and ~50 fold, respectively. This combination reduced damage (IRR: 0.31; 0.08 to 0.84) without inducing flares (IRR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.18 to 1.16) compared with GC non-withdrawers.ConclusionLow or absent disease activity, slow tapering and hydroxychloroquine use minimise the risk of flares, facilitating GC discontinuation—a major goal in SLE.
Family voices from the bedside: National Audit of Care at the End of Life (England and Wales)
Authors: Miller Mary 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe National Audit of Care at the End of Life reports the quality of care provided to people dying in hospital. This paper reports the bereavement (quality) survey data about the families’ view of care provided to the patient and support provided to the family.MethodsAnonymised summary data were retrieved from ‘Key findings for patients and carers on the quality of end of life care in acute and community hospitals’ reports 2019–2022 and the summary report 2018.Results9089 respondents provided feedback about care received. In more than 70% of the cases, care provided to the dying person was described as good, excellent or outstanding. At least 66% of respondents reported that care provided to them was good, excellent or outstanding. At least 76% of respondents felt that staff communicated sensitively, and more than 70% felt they were happy with the level of involvement in decisions about the patient’s care.ConclusionThe voices of dying patients and those at the bedside are critical in helping understand and improve care at the end of life. Co-ordinating our ask and focusing on agreed key outcomes are important to achieve the pragmatic principle of ‘one death one review’.
A novel rapid methodology for generating bilayer base-flow solutions involving surface patterning
Authors: Scholle Markus , Gaskell Philip H. , Ismail-Sutton Sara , Mellmann Marcel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTwo bilayer flow arrangements, involving either (i) shear- or (ii) gravity-driven fluids, are explored in the presence of a periodically repeating surface topography. Key simplifying assumptions are that the flow is considered two-dimensional and inertialess. The solutions are obtained utilising a novel first-integral representation of the Navier–Stokes equations, leading to a highly efficient methodology for generating the accompanying flow structure within the layers in tandem with the disturbance experienced by the internal interface separating them—for configuration (ii) this extends also to the upper layer’s free-surface shape. Representative examples of each flow type, with a change of key parameters, are provided with particular emphasis on (ii).
Comparison of the Effect of and Compliance With Cyclosporine 0.1% After Various Pretreatments in Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Jee Donghyun , Han Su Yeon , Kim Hyun Seung , Kim Eun Chul 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: We sought to compare the effect of cyclosporine 0.1% after various pretreatments in patients with dry eye disease.Methods: Two hundred seventy‐four eyes of 137 patients diagnosed with dry eye disease were retrospectively enrolled. Thirty patients (Group 1, 60 eyes) were not pretreated, while 68 patients (Group 2, 136 eyes) were pretreated with fluorometholone 0.1%, and 39 patients (Group 3, 78 eyes) were pretreated with cyclosporine 0.05% before treatment with cyclosporine 0.1%. The Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire (OSDI) score, Schirmer I test result, noninvasive tear film break‐up time (NItBUT), corneal staining score, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) grade, meibography result, meibum quality and expressibility scores, and tear meniscus height were examined before treatment and at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment.Results: All dry eye signs and symptoms of all Groups at 1, 2, and 3 months were significantly improved compared to those before treatment with cyclosporine 0.1% (p < 0.05). Notably, the OSDI score, Schirmer I test result, NItBUT, corneal and conjunctival fluorescein score, and MMP‐9 grade in Group 3 were significantly improved compared to those in Groups 1 and 2 at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment with cyclosporine 0.1% (p < 0.05). The percentages of cases with treatment discontinuation in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 20.0%, 7.4%, and 10.0%, respectively.Conclusion: Pretreatment with cyclosporine 0.05% can augment the anti‐inflammatory effect of cyclosporine 0.1%. Pretreatment with a steroid or a lower concentration of cyclosporine can increase compliance in patients using a cyclosporine 0.1% eye drop.
Comparative Evaluation of Deciduous and Permanent Coronal Caries Using Polarizing Light Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Thomas Nithya Annie , T. Sreena , Thimmaiah Charisma , Varghese Pinky , Sabu Nimmy , Prince P. Pretty , Sasi Athira Kattachirakunnel 
Published: January 2025

Background: Dental caries causes mineral loss and organic damage to teeth. Understanding caries and dentin pulp reactions is crucial for effective caries management strategies. There is a lack of knowledge regarding the microscopic and ultramicroscopic changes that occur during caries destruction and reactive changes. This study used polarizing and scanning electron microscopy to compare deciduous and permanent coronal caries.Materials and Methods: The study included 30 teeth, comprising 15 primary and permanent teeth, all with coronal caries. They were also compared with 10 (5 each) noncarious primary and permanent teeth. The teeth were examined using polarizing and scanning electron microscopy to study enamel and dentin destruction, reactive dentin formation, peritubular dentin destruction, and bacterial colonization.Results: Deciduous teeth had more enamel and dentin destruction for coronal caries than permanent teeth in our study. The permanent teeth had more reactive dentin formation than primary teeth. Peritubular dentine alteration was increased in deciduous teeth, and bacterial presence on dentin was higher in permanent teeth under scanning electron microscope.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that caries destruction is more prevalent in deciduous teeth, and reactive response is more effective in permanent teeth affected by caries. These findings reflect the structural durability of the mineralized tissues and prompt reactive response of the dentin pulp complex of permanent teeth compared to deciduous teeth. Our research highlights the importance of identifying and treating decay in primary teeth at an early stage.
Phase II Pilot Trial of Tislelizumab plus Low-Dose Nab-Paclitaxel for Extensive Very High–Risk Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Qie Yunkai , Huang Shiwang , Shen Chong , Wu Zhouliang , Da La , Jia Kaipeng , Zhang Zhe , Zhao Gangjian , Wang Lili , Xu Guoping , Zhao Yang , Liang Rui , Guo Jianing , Li Changping , Dong Hua , Li Man , Li Hongjun , Chen Houyuan , Tian Dawei , Wu Changli , Zhang Wei , An Zesheng , Wang Haitao , Niu Yuanjie , Hu Hailong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
Combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors and nab-paclitaxel have improved outcomes in advanced urothelial carcinoma and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of tislelizumab combined with low-dose nab-paclitaxel in extensive very high–risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Patients and Methods:
TRUCE-02 was a single-arm phase II trial that included 63 patients with visually incomplete resection and/or high-volume high-grade T1 tumors (with or without carcinoma in situ) who were ineligible for or declined radical cystectomy. Patients received intravenous tislelizumab (200 mg on day 1) and nab-paclitaxel (200 mg on day 2) every 3 weeks, with assessment approximately 3 months after initial administration. The primary endpoint was the complete response (CR) rate of high-risk disease. Main secondary endpoints included safety and duration of CR.

Results:
The safety analysis included all 63 patients, and the efficacy analysis included 59 patients. Thirty-seven patients (62.7%; 95% confidence interval, 49.1%–75.0%) achieved a CR of high-risk disease, with a 24-month sustained response rate of 96.3% (95% confidence interval, 89.4%–100.0%). Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in nine patients (14%), with no fatal events reported.

Conclusions:
Tislelizumab plus low-dose nab-paclitaxel was well tolerated and showed promising antitumor activity, making it a potential alternative for patients with extensive very high–risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer who are ineligible for or decline radical cystectomy.
Reliability of triggering the stop process is related to prefrontal-subthalamic hyperdirect pathway recruitment
Authors: Sebastian Alexandra , Forstmann Birte U. , Matzke Dora 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The estimated latency of the unobservable stop response, the so-called stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), has been the established measure of performance in the stop-signal task. While it is currently debated whether SSRT is a suitable marker of inhibition performance, other markers such as the reliability of triggering the stop process (“stop trigger failures”) are coming into focus. In the present study, we elucidated the mechanisms associated with trigger failures using a model-based neuroscience approach by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging for the first time. To this end, we used a large, open-access fMRI data set to investigate the relationship between the probability of trigger failures and fMRI signal change in a stop-signal task in healthy adults (n = 113). Stop trigger failures were associated with less activity in the substantia nigra during unsuccessful stopping and with less activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) region during successful inhibition. Although stop trigger failures strongly correlated with SSRT, we found only little evidence for a correlation between SSRT and stopping-related fMRI signal. Thus, in particular, the reliability of the stop process and not its estimated latency depends on the recruitment of key nodes within the prefrontal-subthalamic hyperdirect pathway. More specifically, stop trigger failures may be linked to inadequate substantia nigra innervation at the neural network level. As current evidence suggests that the hyperdirect pathway is engaged by the processing of salient stimuli, deficiencies in assessing the relevance of the stop signal may represent a phenotype associated with a propensity to trigger the stop process unreliably.
Hartmut Leppin: The Early Christians: From the Beginnings to Constantine
Authors: Petersen Anders Klostergaard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A milestone book in German on the development of Christ-religion during the formative period from its beginning to Constantine is now available in English translation. The focus is on the era during which the religious movement underwent development from a Judaic type of religion into an incipiently semi-autonomous form of religion with respect to other Judaic forms. Given the importance of the book – the first in many years by a civil historian on the formation of early Christ-religion – I give a lengthy and critical presentation of the argument. In the second half of the review I turn to some key points that I think need further discussion. Ultimately, Leppin’s book is a must-read for scholars of early Christ-religion and for historians of religions interested in the overarching question of depictions of religions from their emergence to the period of their gaining institutionalized foothold.
Antisemitic Charisma: A Critique of Max Weber’s Interpretations of Paul, Jews, and Charisma and Their Enduring Legacy in Religious Studies
Authors: Boleslawsky Lara-Sophie , Keddie Tony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Celebrated for developing objective, secular methods for social analysis of religion, Max Weber has come under increasing scrutiny for his nationalist politics, Protestant assumptions, racism, and antisemitism. Building on this critical scholarship, the present article exposes Weber’s theory of charisma as shaped by his German liberal nationalism, especially his assimilationist resolution to the Jewish Question. Through close analysis of Weber’s publications in light of his private letters, political associations, and intellectual debates, it demonstrates that Weber’s conceptualization of charisma as a quality of leadership that advances a release from tradition reinscribes the antisemitic logic of Protestant biblical interpretation – namely, the exaltation of Pauline Christianity as emancipation from Jewish law, ritual, and self-segregation. Further metacritical investigation of influential social-scientific studies of early Christianity demonstrates that the Weberian theory of charisma continues to prime scholars toward Christian triumphalism. A historically untenable vehicle for Weber’s nationalism, charisma should be retired as a sociological tool.
A Space for Kinship in City Diplomacy: Re-imagining Sister Cities amid Global Migration
Authors: Fortunoff Willoughby , Martens Cheryl , Méndez Jenny Albarracín 
Published: January 2025

Summary
In an era of escalating urbanisation and global migration, this research investigates the potential of sister city relationships in forging long-term and community-driven international ties. Are these city-to-city agreements outdated, or do they still offer contemporary benefits? The study is grounded in eight months of field research on relationships between US cities and the Ecuadorian cities of Cuenca and Quito during Ecuador’s 2024 state of emergency. A sequential mixed-methods approach includes semi-structured interviews with cultural, diplomatic and economic stakeholders, and quantitative survey data, to identify broader trends in perceptions of sister city relations. Ethnographic observations in municipal offices in Cuenca and Quito anchor the research in practical governance challenges. The study contributes to international relations and paradiplomacy discourse by proposing an interdisciplinary theoretical framework that blends ideas of social power, kinship and peripheral realism to analyse sister city partnerships as tools of agency and identity in the context of global diplomacy and displacement.
Investigation of a Calibration Change in the Ocean Surface Wind Measurements from the TAO Buoy Array
Authors: Ricciardulli Lucrezia , Manaster Andrew , Lindsley Richard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
During routine analyses of the calibration stability of ocean surface wind retrievals from satellites, we identified a significant bias between satellite measurements and wind observations from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) buoy array, starting in mid-2020 until the present. After extensive investigation, we determined that the bias did not arise from anomalies in the satellites’ calibration or coding errors, as it appeared regardless of which satellite these buoys were compared to. A sudden increase of about 10% (0.5–0.8 m s−1) in wind speed observations was first identified in over 40 TAO buoys that were serviced between March and September 2020. Our concerns were shared with scientists at the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), who confirmed our estimates. The exact source of this sudden change is still under investigation, but it appears to be related to changes in the calibration of buoy anemometers installed during recent service trips. By 2024, all currently operating TAO buoys under NDBC management have been serviced since 2020, and they all manifest a sudden wind speed increase postservice in the public-facing buoy data. This change is a source of concern because the stability of the integrated satellite–buoy system is vital for international ocean observation programs. The aim of this paper is to inform the research community about this spurious wind signal in the TAO array, discuss the impact it could have on the research community, and prevent it from being misinterpreted as climate variability, impacting the calibration of other observing systems, or affecting derived data products such as ocean surface fluxes.
Assessing the Impact of Radar-Rainfall Uncertainty on Streamflow Simulation
Authors: Velásquez Nicolás , Krajewski Witold F. , Seo Bong-Chul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hydrological models and quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) are critical elements of flood forecasting systems. Both are subject to considerable uncertainties. Quantifying their relative contribution to the forecasted streamflow and flood uncertainty has remained challenging. Past work documented in the literature focused on one of these elements separately from the other. With this in mind, we present a systematic approach to assess the impact of QPE uncertainty in streamflow forecasting. Our approach explores the operational Iowa Flood Center (IFC) hydrological model performance after altering two radar-based QPE products. We ran the Hillslope Link Model (HLM) for Iowa between 2015 and 2020, altering the Multi-Radar/Multi-Sensor (MRMS) system and the specific attenuation-based (IFCA) IFC radar-derived product with a multiplicative error term. We assessed the forecasting system performance at 112 USGS streamflow gauges using the altered QPE products. Our results suggest that addressing rainfall uncertainty has the potential for much-improved flood forecasting spatially and seasonally. We identified spatial patterns linking prediction improvements to the radar’s location and the magnitude of rainfall. Also, we observed seasonal trends suggesting underestimations during the cold season (October–April). The patterns for different radar products are generally similar but also show some differences, implying that the QPE algorithm plays a role. This study’s results are a step toward separating modeling and QPE uncertainties. Future work involving larger areas and different hydrological and error models is essential to improve our understanding of the impact of QPE uncertainty.

Significance Statement
This study investigates the impact of radar rainfall on flood forecasting uncertainty. Previous research focused on rainfall–runoff models, ignoring the errors in rainfall estimation. We used a systematic approach to adjust two radar-rainfall products, forcing a simple hydrological model. Results show the potential improvement in streamflow prediction by correcting basinwide bias in rainfall. The optimal correction varies with basin size, location, season, and rainfall amount.
Retained Surgical Sponge Expelled Through a Rectal Fistula With Spontaneous Passage Per Rectum
Authors: Aydın Seyit Murat , Barlas Aziz Mutlu , Bayraktar Tayfun 
Published: January 2025

Gossypiboma is a condition that occurs as a result of leaving sterile gauze, surgical sponges, or similar materials inadvertently retained in the body following surgery. The most common localization of gossypibomas is the intraabdominal cavity. Patients with gossypiboma can remain asymptomatic for years. Clinical manifestations and complications vary widely. Gossypibomas can result in significant complications based on the affected organ and its anatomical location. It is difficult to determine the exact incidence due to medicolegal issues. While prevention remains the most effective strategy for protecting against gossypiboma, the preferred treatment for abdominal gossypiboma is typically surgical intervention. This case aims to present a giant 25 × 25 cm textiloma that led to significant fistulization secondary to intraluminal migration and was expelled via the rectum, a phenomenon not previously reported in the literature.
Brokering and (Re)membering: Immigrant Children’s In/visible Work of Implementing a Two-Way Dual Language Bilingual Education Program and Educators’ Perceptions
Authors: Becker Mariana Lima , Oliveira Gabrielle 
Published: January 2025

Background: Guidelines for the successful implementation of two-way dual language bilingual education (DLBE) programs foreground the role of program leadership, hiring and preparing culturally and linguistically competent teachers, family involvement, and the alignment between curriculum, assessments, and instruction in both languages. Absent in this framing for program implementation and success are the voices, lived experiences, and everyday contributions of immigrant children who take part in such programs. Focus: Grounded in a critical orientation to immigrant childhoods, this article explores how a group of 70 Brazilian immigrant children (ages 5–7) navigated a new two-way DLBE program (Portuguese–English) in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. By looking into how the children interacted and participated in class, we foreground how they contributed to the maintenance of the program as two-way DLBE implementers. Research Design: This article draws from a larger ethnographic research study conducted over three school calendar years (2018–2021). It leverages field notes from weekly classroom visits in the two-way DLBE program and semistructured interviews with 18 school staff members. Data sources were coded using thematic analysis, with attention to how immigrant children’s actions contributed to teachers’ instruction and how these contributions were perceived by educators and other staff members. Findings/Conclusions: Brazilian immigrant students in K–2 classrooms contributed daily to the implementation of their two-way DLBE program through language brokering across Portuguese- and English-medium classrooms, facilitating peer participation in class, and invoking transborder memories in ways that complexified the ongoing classroom discourse. However, two-way DLBE educators and other staff members characterized newcomer students from Brazil as bringing key linguistic assets to school while positioning the children born in Brazilian immigrant households in the United States as “caught in-between” languages and undermining the program implementation. These findings suggest the need for a holistic focus on immigrant childhoods in two-way DLBE programming.