bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biotin induced biochemical hyperthyroidism: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: James Archa , Stalan Jinu , Kuzhively Jose 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Biotin is a commonly used supplement for hair, nail, and skin. Recent literature suggests that high-dose biotin therapy for neurological diseases like Multiple sclerosis can interfere with lab results that use biotin/streptavidin immunoassay, called biotin interference. Biotin interference can affect thyroid lab results, giving biochemical hyperthyroidism.

Case presentation
Our patient, a 64-year-old white man with a known history of multiple sclerosis, presented with elevated free T3, free T4, and low TSH that resembled hyperthyroidism. He had no symptoms of hyperthyroidism except some fatigue and tachycardia on the first encounter. He was started on anti-thyroid medications. He was then re-evaluated since his lab results remained the same after two months of anti-thyroid medications. It was found that he was on biotin, 10000mcg/day, for his multiple sclerosis. Biotin was discontinued, and five days later his lab results returned to normal values.

Conclusion
The lack of knowledge of biotin use by patients can lead to misdiagnosis of patients’ thyroid lab results and improper management. Awareness about biotin interference and abnormal thyroid lab values should be a priority among clinicians and the public. If the biotin is discontinued on time, such misdiagnosis can be avoided.
Exosome-delivered miR-153 from Trichinella spiralis promotes apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells by downregulating Bcl2
Authors: Wang Ruibiao , Lin Lihao , Han Yang , Li Zhixin , Zhen Jingbo , Zhang Yuheng , Sun Feng , Lu Yixin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrichinellosis, a helminthic zoonosis, exhibits a cosmopolitan distribution and is a public health concern. In previous studies, it was reported that the exosomes secreted by Trichinella spiralis larvae (TsExos) largely affected cell biological activities. miRNAs, as exosome-delivered cargoes, affect the biological activities of the host by targeting genes. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which miRNAs interact with intestinal epithelial cells. First, a miRNA library of TsExos was constructed; then, based on high-throughput miRNA sequencing results, miR-153 and its predicted target genes, namely, Agap2, Bcl2 and Pten, were selected for follow-up studies. The dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-153 directly targeted Bcl2 and Pten. Furthermore, real-time qPCR and Western blotting revealed that only Bcl2 was downregulated by TsExo-delivered miR-153 in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Bcl2, an important antiapoptotic protein, plays an essential role in cell apoptosis as a common intersecting molecule of various signal transduction pathways. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-153 derived from TsExos causes cell apoptosis by targeting Bcl2. The results suggested that miR-153 could induce apoptosis, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, affect cell proliferation, and cause damage and substantial oxidative stress. Furthermore, miR-153 coincubated with IPEC-J2 cells stimulated the accumulation of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bad, which belong to the Bcl2 family of proteins, and the apoptosis-implementing proteins Caspase 9 and Caspase 3. Moreover, studies have suggested that miR-153 can promote apoptosis by regulating the MAPK and p53 signalling pathways involved in apoptosis. Thus, exosome-mediated miR-153 delivery secreted by T. spiralis could induce apoptosis and affect the MAPK and p53 signalling pathways by downregulating Bcl2 in IPEC-J2 cells. The study highlights the mechanisms underlying the invasion of T. spiralis larva.
Ancient thangka Buddha face recognition based on the Dlib machine learning library and comparison with secular aesthetics
Authors: Yang Yudan , Fan Fenglei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Presently, face recognition technology is rapidly advancing and has emerged as a crucial field of research. Thangka, being a significant repository of Buddhist imagery, encompass a vast amount of Buddha image data depicting diverse Buddhist themes from various historical epochs. Accurate recognition of facial features in these Buddha images is particularly significant in comprehending the historical evolution of thangka, especially the facial features correlation between Buddha society and secular society. Hence, in this study, 68 facial feature points was employed to obtain using the Dlib deep learning library, from which 16 facial geometric feature indices were derived. These indices served as the foundation for the establishment of a facial measurement standard and aesthetic evaluation index for thangka Buddha. A meticulous evaluation and identification of thangka facial details spanning nearly a millennium were conducted, and the transformation of thangka facial features was analyzed and deliberated from a secular aesthetic perspective. Upon conducting this study, it was discovered that: (1) The deep learning library exhibited effective performance in identifying facial characteristics in thangka Buddha images, and the facial evaluation index proved to be a reliable tool for evaluating both measurement standards and aesthetics. (2) The facial measurement standards depicted in thangka Buddha images have evolved and become increasingly standardized over time, maintaining a highly symmetrical aesthetic. (3) The aesthetic of thangka facial features draw upon the secular Tibetan face as their primary reference(Euclidean distance is 0.42), however, during the 17-19th centuries, Han Chinese facial features were gradually incorporated(Euclidean distance is 0.492), and the degree of fusion between Han Chinese and Tibetan facial aesthetics has become more profound.
Atmospheric corrosion in the metal pool of Ali Qapu palace in Isfahan: an experimental study
Authors: Raoufifar Mehri , Oudbashi Omid 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Isfahan, the capital of Iran during the Safavid period (1501–1736 CE), houses the Ali Qapu Palace. It was constructed during the Safavid period to be used as the royal court and a place for settling the affairs of the country. The palace was built in five stages; the final stage was the porch which contains a pool at its centre. The perimeter of the pool is made of white marble, the floor and walls are covered with metal sheets to which the marble is attached. Today, the dry pool is exposed to the urban environment of the metropolis of Isfahan. This study investigates the composition and the corrosion mechanism of the pool using optical microscopy, ICP-OES, SEM–EDS and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results show that the pool’s cover is made of a large number of sheets of copper joined together by copper and lead nails. The forging (cold-working and annealing) method was used to form the sheets. The corrosion products formed on the surface of the copper sheets are copper oxide and copper trihydroxychlorides. The mechanism of corrosion in the metal pool, including copper oxidation, is due to the formation of copper (II) compounds resulting from the reaction with Cl-contaminated airborne particulate matters (dust).
Growth Hormone Administration Improves Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight/Obesity: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Dichtel Laura E , Corey Kathleen E , Haines Melanie S , Chicote Mark L , Lee Hang , Kimball Allison , Colling Caitlin , Simon Tracey G , Long Michelle T , Husseini Jad , Bredella Miriam A , Miller Karen K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Overweight and obesity are associated with relative growth hormone (GH) deficiency, which has been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is a progressive disease without effective treatments.

Objective
We hypothesized that GH administration would reduce hepatic steatosis in individuals with overweight/obesity and NAFLD.

Methods
In this 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose GH administration, 53 adults aged 18 to 65 years with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and NAFLD without diabetes were randomized to daily subcutaneous GH or placebo, targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) to the upper normal quartile. The primary endpoint was intrahepatic lipid content (IHL) by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) assessed before treatment and at 6 months.

Results
Subjects were randomly assigned to a treatment group (27 GH; 26 placebo), with 41 completers (20 GH and 21 placebo) at 6 months. Reduction in absolute % IHL by 1H-MRS was significantly greater in the GH vs placebo group (mean ± SD: −5.2 ± 10.5% vs 3.8 ± 6.9%; P = .009), resulting in a net mean treatment effect of −8.9% (95% CI, −14.5 to −3.3%). All side effects were similar between groups, except for non-clinically significant lower extremity edema, which was more frequent in the GH vs placebo group (21% vs 0%, P = .02). There were no study discontinuations due to worsening of glycemic status, and there were no significant differences in change in glycemic measures or insulin resistance between the GH and placebo groups.

Conclusion
GH administration reduces hepatic steatosis in adults with overweight/obesity and NAFLD without worsening glycemic measures. The GH/IGF-1 axis may lead to future therapeutic targets for NAFLD.
Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Protect Memory from Sleep Deprivation?
Authors: AYOTTE BEATRICE , CRISTINI JACOPO , LOTLIKAR MADHURA , PARWANTA ZOHRA , COSSETTE PHILIPPE , GASPAROVIC LEAH , YEE-WONG MEGHAN , HE QI YUE , DOYON JULIEN , DAL MASO FABIEN , CARRIER JULIE , STEIB SIMON , ROBERTSON EDWIN M. , ROIG MARC 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Animal studies have demonstrated that physical exercise can protect memory from the effects of sleep deprivation (SD). We examined whether having a high cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak) is associated with an enhanced capacity to encode episodic memory after one night of SD.

Methods
Twenty-nine healthy young participants were allocated into either an SD group (n = 19) that underwent 30 h of uninterrupted wakefulness, or a sleep control (SC) group (n = 10) that followed a regular sleep routine. Following either the SD or SC period, participants were asked to view 150 images as the encoding part of the episodic memory task. Ninety-six hours after viewing the images, participants returned to the laboratory to perform the recognition part of the episodic memory task, which required the visual discrimination of the 150 images previously presented from 75 new images introduced as distractors. Cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak) was assessed with a bike ergometer graded exercise test. Group differences in memory performance were assessed with independent t tests and associations between V̇O2peak and memory with multiple linear regression.

Results
The SD group showed a significant increase in subjective fatigue (mean difference [MD] [standard error {SE}] = 38.94 [8.82]; P = 0.0001) and a worse capacity to identify the original 150 images (MD [SE] = −0.18 [0.06]; P = 0.005) and discriminate them from distractors (MD [SE] = −0.78 [0.21] P = 0.001). When adjusted for fatigue, higher V̇O2peak was significantly associated with better memory scores in the SD (R2 = 0.41; β [SE] = 0.03 [0.01]; P = 0.015) but not in the SC group (R
2 = 0.23; β [SE] = 0.02 [0.03]; P = 0.408).

Conclusions
These results confirm that SD before encoding impairs the capacity to create robust episodic memories and provide preliminary support to the hypothesis that maintaining high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness could have a protective effect against the disruptive effects of sleep loss on memory.
Practice-Induced Changes in Manual Dexterity of Older Adults Depend on Initial Pegboard Time
Authors: DANESHGAR SAJJAD , TVRDY TAYLOR , ENOKA ROGER M. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The purpose of our study was to determine the influence of practice on the pegboard times and peg-manipulation phases of older adults who were classified as having either slow or fast initial pegboard times.

Methods
Participants (n = 26, 70 ± 6.6 yr) completed two evaluation sessions and six practice sessions in which they performed 25 trials (5 blocks of 5 trials) of the grooved pegboard test. All practice sessions were supervised, and the time to complete each trial was recorded. In each evaluation session, the pegboard was mounted on a force transducer so that the downward force applied to the board could be measured.

Results
Participants were stratified into two groups based on the initial time to complete the grooved pegboard test: a fast group (68.1 ± 6.0 s) and a slow group (89.6 ± 9.2 s). Both groups exhibited the classic two-phase profile (acquisition + consolidation) for learning a de novo motor skill. Despite the similar learning profile for the two groups, there were differences between groups in the phases of the peg-manipulation cycle that became faster with practice. The fast group seemed to reduce trajectory variability when transporting the peg, whereas the slow group seemed to exhibit both a decrease in trajectory variability and greater precision when inserting pegs into the holes.

Conclusions
The changes underlying practice-induced decreases in grooved pegboard time differed for older adults who initially had either a fast or a slow pegboard time.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence on the north coast of Peru: A cross-sectional study after the first wave
Authors: Moyano Luz M. , Toledo Angie K. , Chirinos Jenny , Vilchez Barreto Percy Mc Quen , Cavalcanti Sofia , Gamboa Ricardo , Ypanaque Jhon , Meza Mauro , Noriega Sheilla , Herrera Victor , Bazan Edgar , Requena Alexandra , Silva Henry , Burgos Harold , León-Jimenez Franco ,   Group of Neuroepidemiology and Science of Life of Peru
Published: June 2023

Background
Peru had the second-highest number of COVID-19 cases in Latin America. After the first wave, Peru registered more than 900,000 cases of COVID-19 and more than 36,000 confirmed deaths from the disease. Tumbes, a border area with poor sanitation and not enough water, had the fifth highest death rate. The cross-sectional analytic study aimed: a) to assess seroprevalence of COVID-19 after the first wave; b) to assess sociodemographic determinants and symptoms associated with a positive COVID-19 antibody lateral flow test.

Methodology/principal findings
We performed this study between November 11th and November 30th, 2020, in an informal settlement in Tumbes. Individuals older than two years were invited to participate in a systematic random sample from one in every four households. Finger-prick blood samples were collected, and a census and symptom survey were applied. Within the chosen house, one adult over 18 years of age was chosen for a PCR-RT molecular test. Overall seroprevalence was 25.59%, adjusted seroprevalence was 24.82% (95%CI 22.49–27.25). Women had higher adjusted seroprevalence (28.03% vs 21.11%; 95% CI 24.83–31.41, p = 0.002). Symptoms as fever (PR 1.89: 95% CI 1.44–2.48, p<0.001), general discomfort (PR 1.67; 95% CI 1.23–2.26, p = 0.001), cough (PR 2.0; 95% CI 1.60–2.50, p<0.001), nasal congestion (PR 1.46; 95% CI 1.03–2.09, p = 0.036), respiratory distress (PR 1.64; 95% CI 1.04–2.56, p = 0.031), headache (PR 1.54; 95% CI 1.09–2.17, p = 0.014), anosmia (PR 1.78; 95% CI 1.01–3.14, p = 0.046) and ageusia (PR 2.31; 95% CI 1.48–3.61, p<0.001) were associated with a positive covid-19 antibody lateral flow test.

Conclusions/significance
The COVID-19 transmission and distribution were highlighted by this cross-sectional study. The data will help the Ministry of Health improve its monitoring, surveillance, and monitoring of respiratory community sequelae in the future.
Timing of invasive mechanical ventilation and death in critically ill adults with COVID-19: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Green Adam , Rachoin Jean-Sebastien , Schorr Christa , Dellinger Phil , Casey Jonathan D. , Park Isabel , Gupta Shruti , Baron Rebecca M. , Shaefi Shahzad , Hunter Krystal , Leaf David E. ,   for the STOP-COVID Investigators
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To investigate if the timing of initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for critically ill patients with COVID-19 is associated with mortality.

Materials and methods
The data for this study were derived from a multicenter cohort study of critically ill adults with COVID-19 admitted to ICUs at 68 hospitals across the US from March 1 to July 1, 2020. We examined the association between early (ICU days 1–2) versus late (ICU days 3–7) initiation of IMV and time-to-death. Patients were followed until the first of hospital discharge, death, or 90 days. We adjusted for confounding using a multivariable Cox model.

Results
Among the 1879 patients included in this analysis (1199 male [63.8%]; median age, 63 [IQR, 53–72] years), 1526 (81.2%) initiated IMV early and 353 (18.8%) initiated IMV late. A total of 644 of the 1526 patients (42.2%) in the early IMV group died, and 180 of the 353 (51.0%) in the late IMV group died (adjusted HR 0.77 [95% CI, 0.65–0.93]).

Conclusions
In critically ill adults with respiratory failure from COVID-19, early compared to late initiation of IMV is associated with reduced mortality.
Helping first-time mothers establish and maintain breastfeeding: Access to someone who can provide breastfeeding advice is an important factor
Authors: Massare Brittany A. , Hackman Nicole M. , Sznajder Kristin K. , Kjerulff Kristen H. 
Published: June 2023

Background and aimsFirst-time mothers often need help with breastfeeding and may feel isolated and uncertain about whom they can turn to for help with breastfeeding challenges. Exploration of whether access to breastfeeding advice helps new mothers initiate and continue breastfeeding is necessary. This study investigated the associations between ease of access to breastfeeding advice for first-time mothers and breastfeeding initiation and duration.MethodsThis was a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of 3,006 women who delivered their first child in Pennsylvania, USA; with prenatal and postpartum interviews. At 1-month postpartum participants reported the extent to which they had access to “Someone to give you advice about breastfeeding if you needed it”, via a 5-point scale ranging from “none of the time” to “all of the time”.ResultsThere were 132 women (4.4%) who reported that they had access to someone to give them advice about breastfeeding “none of the time”; 697 (23.3%) reported access “a little of the time” or “some of the time”; and 2,167 (72.3%) reported access “most of the time” or “all of the time”. While the majority of the new mothers were breastfeeding at 1-month postpartum (72.5%), less than half were still breastfeeding at 6-months postpartum (44.5%). The higher the level of access to advice about breastfeeding the more likely women were to establish breastfeeding by 1-month postpartum and to still be breastfeeding at 6-months.ConclusionsFor first-time mothers, ease of access to someone who can give them advice about breastfeeding facilitates breastfeeding establishment and continuation.
‘Experiences of patients and their informal caregivers with cognitive stimulation programs for dementia: A qualitative systematic review protocol’
Authors: Ryan Simone M. , Chockalingam Manigandan , Brady Orla 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
Cognitive stimulation, an individual or group intervention approach aiming to improve cognitive and social functioning among individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia, is often considered a complex intervention. The patient’s experience of a complex intervention is unique and often determines its effectiveness. This proposed qualitative systematic review aims to comprehensively synthesise the experiences of individuals with dementia and their informal caregivers who have participated in cognitive stimulation programs, identifying perceived benefits, challenges, barriers, and facilitators to this approach to intervention.

Methods
This review will consider qualitative studies that evaluate the experiences of individuals with a diagnosis of dementia and/or the informal caregivers of individuals with dementia who have participated in a cognitive stimulation program. Searches will be conducted across MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO) and Web of Science. Quality of eligible studies will be assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research, and a standardised data extraction tool in JBI SUMARI will be used to extract data from relevant studies. The meta-aggregation approach will be used to pool qualitative research findings, which will then be synthesised to produce a single set of findings in narrative format.

Discussion
This qualitative systematic review will identify and synthesise the evidence regarding the experiences of individuals with dementia who have taken part in a cognitive stimulation program and the experience of their informal caregivers. As a variety of cognitive stimulation programs exist, our findings will summarise the experiences of these interventions to inform the future development and delivery of cognitive stimulation programs.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022383658.
Feasibility and clinical usefulness of deep learning-accelerated MRI for acute painful fracture patients wearing a splint: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Roh Seunghyeon , Park Jae In , Kim Gun Young , Yoo Hye Jin , Nickel Dominik , Koerzdoerfer Gregor , Sung JaeKon , Oh Jiseon , Chae Hee Dong , Hong Sung Hwan , Choi Ja-Young 
Published: June 2023

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility and clinical usefulness of deep learning (DL)-accelerated turbo spin echo (TSEDL) sequences relative to standard TSE sequences (TSES) for acute radius fracture patients wearing a splint.

Methods
This prospective consecutive study investigated 50 patients’ preoperative wrist MRI scans acquired between July 2021 and January 2022. Examinations were performed at 3 Tesla MRI with body array coils due to the wrist splint. Besides TSES obtained according to the routine protocol, TSEDL sequences for axial T2-, coronal T1-, and coronal PD-weighted TSE sequences were scanned for comparison. For quantitative assessment, the relative signal-to-noise ratio (rSNR), the relative contrast-to-noise ratio (rCNR), and the relative contrast ratio (rCR) were measured. For qualitative assessment, all images were assessed by two independent musculoskeletal radiologists in terms of perceived SNR, image contrast, image sharpness, artifacts disturbing evaluation, overall image quality and diagnostic confidence for injuries using a four- or five-point Likert scale.

Results
The scan time was shortened approximately by a factor of two for TSEDL compared to TSES. TSEDL images showed significantly better rSNR, rCNR, and rCR values for all sequences, and scored significantly better in terms of both image quality and diagnostic confidence for both readers than TSES images (all p < .05). Interrater reliabilities were in almost perfect agreement.

Conclusion
The DL-accelerated technique proved to be very helpful not only to reduce scan time but also to improve image quality for acute painful fracture patients wearing a splint despite using body array coils instead of a wrist-specific coil. Based on our study, the DL-accelerated technique can be very useful for MRI of any part of the extremities in trauma settings just with body array coils.