bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Gd‐Film Thermomagnetic Generator in Resonant Self‐Actuation Mode
Authors: Joseph Joel , Fontana Erika , Devillers Thibaut , Dempsey Nora M. , Kohl Manfred 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThermomagnetic generation is a promising technology for conversion of low‐grade waste heat into electricity. Key requirements for the development of efficient thermomagnetic generators (TMGs) are tailored thermomagnetic materials as well as innovative designs enabling fast heat transfer. Recently, film‐based thermomagnetic generators are developed that operate in the mode of resonant self‐actuation enabling high frequency and stroke of a movable cantilever and, thus, efficient conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. Here, the performance of a Gadolinium (Gd)‐film‐based TMG that is optimized for resonant self‐actuation near room temperature is reported. The Gd‐film TMG exhibits large oscillation frequencies up to 106 Hz and large strokes up to 2 mm corresponding to 38% of the oscillating cantilever's length. This performance occurs in a sharply bound range of ambient temperatures with an upper limit near the film's ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition temperature Tc of 20 °C and of heat source temperatures ranging between 40 and 75 °C. The maximum power per footprint is 23.8 µWcm−2, at which the Gd film undergoes a temperature change of only 0.9 °C at ≈10 °C above Tc.
An Edible Rechargeable Battery
Authors: Ilic Ivan K. , Galli Valerio , Lamanna Leonardo , Cataldi Pietro , Pasquale Lea , Annese Valerio F. , Athanassiou Athanassia , Caironi Mario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEdible electronics is a growing field that aims to produce digestible devices using only food ingredients and additives, thus addressing many of the shortcomings of ingestible electronic devices. Edible electronic devices will have major implications for gastrointestinal tract monitoring, therapeutics, as well as rapid food quality monitoring. Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of edible circuits and sensors, but to realize fully edible electronic devices edible power sources are required, of which there have been very few examples. Drawing inspiration from living organisms, which use redox cofactors to power biochemical machines, a rechargeable edible battery formed from materials eaten in everyday life is developed. The battery is realized by immobilizing riboflavin and quercetin, common food ingredients and dietary supplements, on activated carbon, a widespread food additive. Riboflavin is used as the anode, while quercetin is used as the cathode. By encapsulating the electrodes in beeswax, a fully edible battery is fabricated capable of supplying power to small electronic devices. The proof‐of‐concept battery cell operated at 0.65 V, sustaining a current of 48 µA for 12 min. The presented proof‐of‐concept will open the doors to new edible electronic applications, enabling safer and easier medical diagnostics, treatments, and unexplored ways to monitor food quality.
Wide‐Humidity Range Applicable, Anti‐Freezing, and Healable Zwitterionic Hydrogels for Ion‐Leakage‐Free Iontronic Sensors
Authors: Zhao Yiqian , Yang Na , Chu Xu , Sun Fuchang , Ali Muhammad Umair , Zhang Yuan , Yang Biao , Cai Yulu , Liu Manyu , Gasparini Nicola , Zheng Jiaxin , Zhang Chaohong , Guo Chuanfei , Meng Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHydrogels have entered the spotlight for applications in soft electronics. It is essential and challenging to obtain hydrogels that can function properly under varying environmental circumstances, that is, 30–90% relative humidity (RH) and −20 to 40 °C due to their intrinsic nature to lose and absorb water upon variations in humidity and temperature. In this work, a green solvent, solketal, is introduced into poly 3‐dimethyl‐2‐(2‐methylprop‐2‐enoyloxy)ethyl azaniumyl propane‐1‐sulfonate (poly(DMAPS)) zwitterionic hydrogels. Compared to glycerol, solketal endows hydrogels with greater possibility for further modification as well as improved water content and mechanical performance consistency over 30–90% RH. Encouragingly, the optimized hydrogel demonstrates its unique merits as a dielectric layer in iontronic sensors, featuring non‐leaky ions, high sensitivity (1100 kPa−1), wide humidity, and temperature range applicability. A wide‐humidity range healable and stretchable electrode is attained by combining the hydrogel substrate with Ag paste. A full‐device healable and highly‐sensitive sensor is developed. This study is a pioneering work that tackles the broad humidity range applicability issue of hydrogels, and demonstrates the ion‐leakage‐free ionic skins with zwitterionic dielectrics. The outcomes of the study will considerably promote advancements in the fields of hydrogel electronics and iontronic sensors.
Selective CO2 Electroreduction from Tuneable Naphthalene‐Based Porous Polyimide Networks
Authors: Narzary Basiram Brahma , Baker Benjamin C. , Faul Charl F. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA series of porous polyimides (pPIs) are synthesized, and their surface areas and pore sizes are optimized by the previously reported Bristol–X'an‐Jiatong (BXJ) approach. How this approach can be used to tune and optimize the porous network properties to target and tune their ability to capture CO2 is demonstrated. Once optimized, these porous organic frameworks are utilized, for the first time, as electrocatalysts for the conversion of CO2. The excellent Faradaic efficiencies (FEs) for the conversion of CO2 to formate (91%) and methanol (85%) present exciting opportunities for the metal‐free generation of useful fuels and feedstocks from CO2. In addition, the ability to directly address and select the conversion products through tuning of the porous materials’ properties highlights the potential of this approach, and more generally for a wide range of organic frameworks as future metal‐free CO2 reduction catalysts.
Lithium‐Induced Optimization Mechanism for an Ultrathin‐Strut Biodegradable Zn‐Based Vascular Scaffold
Authors: Yang Hongtao , Jin Dawei , Rao Jiancun , Shi Jiahui , Li Guannan , Wang Cheng , Yan Kai , Bai Jing , Bao Guo , Yin Meng , Zheng Yufeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo reduce incidences of in‐stent restenosis and thrombosis, the use of a thinner‐strut stent has been clinically proven to be effective. Therefore, the contemporary trend is toward the use of ultrathin‐strut (≤70 µm) designs for durable stents. However, stents made from biodegradable platforms have failed to achieve intergenerational breakthroughs due to their excessively thick struts. Here, microalloying is used to create an ultrathin‐strut (65 µm) zinc (Zn) scaffold with modified biodegradation behavior and improved biofunction, by adding lithium (Li). The scaffold backbone consists of an ultrafine‐grained Zn matrix (average grain diameter 2.28 µm) with uniformly distributed nanoscale Li‐containing phases. Grain refinement and precipitation strengthening enable it to achieve twice the radial strength with only 40% of the strut thickness of the pure Zn scaffold. Adding Li alters the thermodynamic formation pathways of products during scaffold biodegradation, creating an alkaline microenvironment. Li2CO3 may actively stabilize this microenvironment due to its higher solubility and better buffering capability than Zn products. The co‐release of ionic zinc and lithium enhances the beneficial differential effects on activities of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, resulting in good endothelialization and limited intimal hyperplasia in porcine coronary arteries. The findings here may break the predicament of the next‐generation biodegradable scaffolds.
Molecule‐Electrode Interfaces Controlled by Bulky Long‐Legged Ligands in Organometallic Molecular Wires
Authors: Tanaka Yuya , Bae Yeana , Ogasawara Fumiya , Suzuki Keita , Kobayashi Shuji , Kaneko Satoshi , Fujii Shintaro , Nishino Tomoaki , Akita Munetaka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrecise control of molecule‐electrode interface is essential for molecular devices. Herein, new ruthenium acetylide molecular wires with long‐legged phosphine ligands to form a sterically controlled molecule‐electrode interface are designed. The sharpened Raman signals ascribed to acetylene stretching are observed for the self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of the molecular wires with the biphenyl‐ (2Au) and tert‐butylbiphenyl‐substituted long‐legged dppe‐type ligands (3Au), suggesting that steric hindrance causes formation of uniform SAMs. Scanning tunneling microscope break‐junction (STM‐BJ) study of 3Au reveals narrow conductance features compared with those of 1Au bearing the parent dppe ligands, indicating formation of a uniform molecular junction. Furthermore, the effective electronic interactions between the molecule and electrodes are unique to the long‐legged derivatives, as revealed by the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering study. Thus, the bulky long‐legged strategy turns out to provide a design concept for a well‐defined molecule‐electrode interface.
An investigation of the etiology and follow‐up findings in 35 children with overgrowth syndromes, including biallelic SUZ12 variant
Authors: Yüksel Ülker Aylin , Uludağ Alkaya Dilek , Çağlayan Ahmet Okay , Usluer Esra , Aykut Ayça , Aslanger Ayça , Vural Mehmet , Tüysüz Beyhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOvergrowth‐intellectual disability (OGID) syndromes are clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the molecular etiology and long‐term follow‐up findings of Turkish OGID cohort. Thirty‐five children with OGID were included in the study. Single gene sequencing, clinical exome analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis and whole exome sequencing were performed. Five pathogenic copy number variants were detected in the patients; three of them located on chromosome 5q35.2 (encompassing NSD1), others on 9q22.3 and 22q13.31. In 19 of 35 patients; we identified pathogenic variants in OGID genes associated with epigenetic regulation, NSD1 (n = 15), HIST1H1E (n = 1), SETD1B (n = 1), and SUZ12 (n = 2). The pathogenic variants in PIK3CA (n = 2), ABCC9 (n = 1), GPC4 (n = 2), FIBP (n = 1), and TMEM94 (n = 1) which had a role in other growth pathways were detected in seven patients. The diagnostic yield was 31/35(88%). Twelve pathogenic variants were novel. The common facial feature of the patients was prominent forehead. The patients with Sotos syndrome were observed to have milder intellectual disability than patients with other OGID syndromes. In conclusion, this study showed, for the first time, that biallelic variants of SUZ12 caused Imagawa‐Matsumoto syndrome, monoallelic variants in SETDIB resulted in OGID. Besides expanded the phenotypes of very rare OGID syndromes caused by FIBP and TMEM94.
Incidental detection of malignancy on point‐of‐care renal ultrasound: A case series
Authors: Adorno Kristen , Martin Courtney , Blatcher Caroline , Smith Stephanie , Cassidy‐Smith Tara , Sodhi Sarab 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRenal point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) is an increasingly common initial imaging modality in the diagnostic workup of renal colic. The primary use of renal POCUS is to assess for hydronephrosis; however, other significant findings suggestive of malignancy can also be identified. We present three cases of unexpected findings identified initially on POCUS in the emergency department, which subsequently led to new diagnoses of malignancy. As renal POCUS becomes more frequently used in clinical practice, physicians must be able to recognise abnormal images that indicate possible malignancy and the need for further workup.
Blood‐brain barrier integrity impacts the use of plasma amyloid‐β as a proxy of brain amyloid‐β pathology
Authors: Bellaver Bruna , Puig‐Pijoan Albert , Ferrari‐Souza João Pedro , Leffa Douglas T. , Lussier Firoza Z. , Ferreira Pamela C. L. , Tissot Cécile , Povala Guilherme , Therriault Joseph , Benedet Andréa L. , Ashton Nicholas J. , Servaes Stijn , Chamoun Mira , Stevenson Jenna , Rahmouni Nesrine , Vermeiren Marie , Macedo Arthur C. , Fernández‐Lebrero Aida , García‐Escobar Greta , Navalpotro‐Gómez Irene , Lopez Oscar , Tudorascu Dana L. , Cohen Ann , Villemagne Victor L. , Klunk William E. , Gauthier Serge , Zimmer Eduardo R. , Karikari Thomas K. , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Suárez‐Calvet Marc , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Pascoal Tharick A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAmyloid‐β (Aβ) and tau can be quantified in blood. However, biological factors can influence the levels of brain‐derived proteins in the blood. The blood‐brain barrier (BBB) regulates protein transport between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. BBB altered permeability might affect the relationship between brain and blood biomarkers.METHODSWe assessed 224 participants in research (TRIAD, n = 96) and clinical (BIODEGMAR, n = 128) cohorts with plasma and CSF/positron emission tomography Aβ, p‐tau, and albumin measures.RESULTSPlasma Aβ42/40 better identified CSF Aβ42/40 and Aβ‐PET positivity in individuals with high BBB permeability. An interaction between plasma Aβ42/40 and BBB permeability on CSF Aβ42/40 was observed. Voxel‐wise models estimated that the association of positron emission tomography (PET), with plasma Aβ was most affected by BBB permeability in AD‐related brain regions. BBB permeability did not significantly impact the relationship between brain and plasma p‐tau levels.DISCUSSIONThese findings suggest that BBB integrity may influence the performance of plasma Aβ, but not p‐tau, biomarkers in research and clinical settings.HIGHLIGHTS
BBB permeability affects the association between brain and plasma Aβ levels.
BBB integrity does not affect the association between brain and plasma p‐tau levels.
Plasma Aβ was most affected by BBB permeability in AD‐related brain regions.
BBB permeability increases with age but not according to cognitive status.
Mechanically Activated Solid‐State Radical Polymerization and Cross‐Linking via Piezocatalysis
Authors: Nothling Mitchell D. , Daniels John E. , Vo Yen , Johan Ivan , Stenzel Martina H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPiezocatalysis offers a means to transduce mechanical energy into chemical potential, harnessing physical force to drive redox reactions. Working in the solid state, we show here that piezoelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles can transduce mechanical load into a flux of reactive radical species capable of initiating solid state free radical polymerization. Activation of a BaTiO3 powder by ball milling, striking with a hammer, or repeated compressive loading generates highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH), which readily initiate radical chain growth and crosslinking of solid acrylamide, acrylate, methacrylate and styrenic monomers. Control experiments indicate a critical role for chemisorbed water on the BaTiO3 nanoparticle surface, which is oxidized to ⋅OH via mechanoredox catalysis. The force‐induced production of radicals by compressing dry piezoelectric materials represents a promising new route to harness mechanical energy for solid state radical synthesis.
Understanding the Synthesis Kinetics of Single‐Crystal Co‐Free Ni‐Rich Cathodes
Authors: Liu Jingjie , Yuan Yifei , Zheng Jianhui , Wang Liguang , Ji Jie , Zhang Qing , Yang Lin , Bai Zhengyu , Lu Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNon‐equilibrium kinetic intermediates are usually preferentially generated instead of thermodynamic stable phases in the solid‐state synthesis of layered oxides. Understanding the inherent complexity between thermodynamics and kinetics is important for designing high cationic ordering cathodes. Single‐crystal strategy is an effective way to solve the intrinsic chemo‐mechanical problems of Ni‐rich cathodes. However, the synthesis of high‐performance single‐crystal is very challenging. Herein, the kinetic reaction path and the formation mechanism of non‐equilibrium intermediates in the synthesis of single‐crystal Co‐free Ni‐rich were explored. We demonstrate that the formation of non‐equilibrium intermediate and the electrochemical‐thermo‐mechanical failure can be effectively inhibited by driving low‐temperature topotactic lithiation. This work provides a basis for designing high‐performance single‐crystal Ni‐rich layered oxides by regulating the defective structures.
Synthesis and application of polyethyleneimine and polyethylene glycol grafted on CoFe2O4/single‐walled carbon nanotubes as a delivery platform for silibinin: Loading experiments, modeling, and in‐vitro release studies
Authors: Shokri Mohanna , Miralinaghi Mahsasadat , Moniri Elham , Jafariazar Zahra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to prepare and characterize a nanohybrid, CoFe2O4/single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) grafted with polyethyleneimine and polyethylene glycol (CoFe2O4/SWCNT–PEI–PEG), for loading silibinin (SB) as an anti‐cancer natural agent to form a drug delivery platform with magnetic targeting capability and pH‐responsive release. The characteristics of the prepared nanocomposite were analyzed by different characterization techniques, confirming a well‐magnetic porous structure consisting of rich amine and hydroxyl functional groups of PEI and PEG, respectively, and CoFe2O4 aggregates on the wire‐like SWCNT wrapped by the polymer. Through the adsorption process, the SB loading was accomplished. The highest adsorption capacity of CoFe2O4/SWCNT–PEI–PEG for SBN was 74.8 mg g−1 with 10 mg of the nanocomposite attained at pH 7 and a solution temperature of 328 K. The experimental data were accurately predicted by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐first‐order kinetic models. The release rate from SB loaded CoFe2O4/SWCNT–PEI–PEG was enhanced to 76% at pH 5.6 compared to pH 7.4 which was 45%, demonstrating that the acidic medium may relatively improve drug release. The SB release kinetic data obeyed the Peppas–Sahlin model. Our results demonstrated the potential of the hybrid nanocarrier as a vehicle for solubilizing and delivering SB to specific sites.
Enhancement of interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide resin by sulfur treatment
Authors: Yang Shulei , Lu Yonggen , Zhang Chenyang , Yang Luotang , Xu Meng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe properties of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced thermoplastic resin composites depend on the physical and chemical interaction between the fibers and the resins. However, surface oxidation is not always necessary. In this study, the interaction between CF and Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is enhanced by using an emulsion of reactive sulfur to treat the CF surface. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CF/PPS composites is experimentally investigated and found to be up to 79.7 MPa, an increase of 36.1% compared to the untreated CF. The enhancement mechanism of the modification method established is inferred. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that sulfur etching on the surface of CF generated new functional groups, which improved the interfacial effect, and tightened the bond between CF and PPS. This indicates that sulfur treatment along with sizing must be a simpler method than surface oxidation to promote the interfacial bonding between CF and PPS.
Self‐healing polyacrylate coatings with dynamic H‐bonds between urea groups
Authors: Mottoul Marie , Giljean Sylvain , Pac Marie‐José , Landry Véronic , Morin Jean‐François 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdding self‐healing properties to coatings is a promising way to increase their lifetime. Despite an increasing popularity, lots of self‐healing polymers are not suited for commercial coatings because they exhibit poor mechanical properties or require expensive products or high healing temperature (> 100°C). One way to obtain self‐healing abilities with good mechanical properties is by using dynamic H‐bonds as they also limit the healing temperature. To do so, urea groups are used since they are well‐known for their bonding capacity and can be readily synthesized. In this study, several methacrylate monomers containing urea groups in their side‐chain were synthesized from easily accessible amines and isocyanates in a one‐step, high‐yield synthesis. They were afterwards used in a copolymer containing methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate monomers. The self‐healing properties of the resulting coatings were evaluated with gloss recovery and optical microscopy and the presence of H‐bonds in the most promising polymer was investigated with FTIR. The mechanical properties of the coatings as a function of time were checked by nanoindentation creep test. We were able to obtain an affordable, easily prepared polymer that suits the requirements for protective coating applications and shows a complete healing after heating at 75°C for 1 h.
Liquefied‐chitin polyurethane foam construction of high‐efficiency solar evaporator for seawater purification
Authors: Wan Lihong , Yan Sitong , Fang Lin , Wang Zhifen , Zhang Yucang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs key platforms for efficient photothermal conversion and water evaporation in solar water desalination processes, the design of photothermal interface materials have become an important topic. In this study, we designed an interfacial solar evaporator with liquefied‐chitin PU foams as the base material. In this structure, polyaniline and polypyrrole convert solar energy in thermal energy. After the in‐situ generation of hydrogel in the polyurethane foam to reduce the evaporation enthalpy of water and rapid evaporation of water. Liquefied‐chitin make a PU foam with low thermal conductivity, reduce the heat loss of the water. Notably, the excellent antibacterial property of liquefied‐chitin PU foam can make the photothermal material less likely to grow bacteria in the water and affect the photothermal evaporation efficiency. The water evaporation rates of PANi/PAM and PPy/PAM reached 2.18 and 2.38 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 solar irradiation, with photothermal conversion efficiencies of 136.9% and 149.4%, respectively. This study provides a simple method for converting polymers‐based foam into efficient solar thermal materials for solar‐driven desalination‐related applications.
Electrochemical Dearomative Spirocyclization
Authors: Li Nan , Shi Zhaojiang , Wang Wei‐Zhen , Yuan Yaofeng , Ye Ke‐Yin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemical dearomative spirocyclization serves as a green and sustainable approach to convert the flat, two‐dimension aromatic feedstock into the value‐added three‐dimension spirocyclic architectures. This review highlights the recent advances, emphasizes mechanistic discussions, and showcases synthetic applications of this emerging versatile and powerful transformation.