bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current
Authors: Rostami Dehjalali Sadegh , Khavasi Ehsan , Nazmi Parsa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study evaluates the prevalence of Holmboe waves in an intrusive gravity current (IGC) containing particles, employing large Eddy simulation (LES). Holmboe waves, a type of stratified shear layer-generated wave, are characterised by a relatively thin density interface compared to the thickness of the shear layer. The study demonstrates the occurrence of secondary rotation, wave stretching over time, and fluid ejection at the interface between the IGC and a lower gravity current (LGC). Results indicate that, aside from J and R, the density difference between the IGC and the LGC has an impact on Holmboe instability. However, a reduction in the density difference does not manifest consistently in the frequency, growth rate, and phase speed, though it does cause an increase in the wavelength. It is important to note that small particles do not affect the Holmboe instability of the IGC, while larger particles cause the current to become unstable and vary the characteristics of Holmboe instability. Moreover, an increase in the particle diameter size results in an increment in the wavelength, growth rate, and phase speed; but is accompanied by a decrease in frequency. Additionally, the enlargement of the bed slope angle makes the IGC more unstable, encouraging the growth of Kelvin–Helmholtz waves; however, this causes Holmboe waves to disappear on inclined beds. Finally, a range for the instabilities of both Kelvin–Helmholtz and Holmboe is provided.
Implementing a velocity-based approach to resistance training: the reproducibility and sensitivity of different velocity monitoring technologies
Authors: Jukic Ivan , King Andrew , Sousa Colby A. , Prnjak Katarina , McGuigan Michael R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined the reproducibility of GymAware, PUSH2 and Vmaxpro velocity monitoring devices during resistance training (RT). The sensitivity of these devices to detect the smallest changes in velocity that correspond to true changes in RT performance was also investigated. Fifty-one resistance-trained men and women performed an incremental loading (1RM) test, and two repetitions to failure tests with different loads, 72 h apart. During all repetitions, mean velocity (MV) and peak velocity (PV) were simultaneously recorded by two devices of each brand. Overall, GymAware was the most reliable and sensitive device for detecting the smallest changes in RT performance, regardless of the velocity metric used. Vmaxpro can be considered as an equivalent, cheaper alternative to GymAware for RT monitoring and prescription, but only if the MV metric is used. Caution should be exercised when using PUSH2 in practice due to their comparatively higher, unacceptable measurement error and generally low sensitivity to detect changes in RT performance. Collectively, these findings support the use of MV and PV from GymAware and MV from Vmaxpro devices for RT monitoring and prescription due to their low magnitudes of error; thus, allowing for the detection of meaningful changes in neuromuscular status and functional performance during RT.
Modified lumbo-pelvic exercise to alleviate mild stress urinary incontinence in middle-aged females
Authors: Wang Yi , Liu Liangchao , Chen Qi , Gao Kuiting , Wang Hongchu , Xu Naxin , Chen Yinru , Wong Duo Wai-Chi , Lam Wing-Kai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUrinary incontinence is one of the common clinical problems of females passing middle age. Traditional pelvic floor muscle training to alleviate urinary incontinence is too dull and unpleasant. Therefore, we were motivated to purpose a modified lumbo-pelvic exercise training incorporating simplified dancing components with pelvic floor muscle training. The objective of this study was to evaluate the 16-week modified lumbo-pelvic exercise program that incorporated dance and abdominal drawing-in maneuvers. Middle-aged females were randomly assigned into the experimental (n = 13) and control (n = 11) groups. Compared to the control group, the exercise group significantly reduced body fat, visceral fat index, waistline, waist-hip ratio, perceived incontinence score, frequency of urine leakage, and pad testing index (p < 0.05). In addition, there were significant improvements in pelvic floor function, vital capacity, and muscle activity of the right rectus abdominis (p < 0.05). This indicated that the modified lumbo-pelvic exercise program can promote benefits of physical training and alleviate urinary incontinence in middle-aged females.
Haloarchaeal carotenoids exert an in vitro antiproliferative effect on human breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Giani Micaela , Montoyo-Pujol Yoel Genaro , Peiró Gloria , Martínez-Espinosa Rosa María 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOxidative stress has been linked to the onset and progression of different neoplasia. Antioxidants might help prevent it by modulating biochemical processes involved in cell proliferation. Here, the aim was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of Haloferax mediterranei bacterioruberin-rich carotenoid extracts (BRCE) (0–100 µg/ml) in six BC cell lines, representative of the intrinsic phenotypes and a healthy mammary epithelium cell line. Cell index values were obtained using xCELLigence RTCA System. Furthermore, cell diameter, viability, and concentration were measured at 12 h, 24 h, and 30 h. We found that BC cells were selectively affected by BRCE (SI > 1, p < 0.005). After 30 h, the population of BC cells exposed to 100 µg/ml was 11.7–64.6% of the control (p = 0.0001–0.0009). Triple-negative cells were significantly affected [MDA-MB-231 (IC50 51.8 µg/ml, p < 0.0001) and MDA-MB-468 (IC50 63.9 µg/ml, p < 0.0001)]. Cell size was also reduced after 30 h treatment in 3.8 (± 0.1) µm and 3.3 (± 0.02) µm for SK-BR-3 (p < 0.0001) and MDA-MB-468 (p < 0.0001), respectively. In conclusion, Hfx. mediterranei BRCE exerts a cytotoxic effect on BC cell lines representative of all studied intrinsic subtypes. Furthermore, results obtained for MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 are very promising, considering the aggressive behaviour of the triple-negative BC subtype.
Bayesian network modeling of patterns of antibiotic cross-resistance by bacterial sample source
Authors: Cherny Stacey S. , Chowers Michal , Obolski Uri 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a major healthcare burden, aggravated when it extends to multiple drugs. While cross-resistance is well-studied experimentally, it is not the case in clinical settings, and especially not while considering confounding. Here, we estimated patterns of cross-resistance from clinical samples, while controlling for multiple clinical confounders and stratifying by sample sources.

Methods
We employed additive Bayesian network (ABN) modelling to examine antibiotic cross- resistance in five major bacterial species, obtained from different sources (urine, wound, blood, and sputum) in a clinical setting, collected in a large hospital in Israel over a 4-year period. Overall, the number of samples available were 3525 for E coli, 1125 for K pneumoniae, 1828 for P aeruginosa, 701 for P mirabilis, and 835 for S aureus.

Results
Patterns of cross-resistance differ across sample sources. All identified links between resistance to different antibiotics are positive. However, in 15 of 18 instances, the magnitudes of the links are significantly different between sources. For example, E coli exhibits adjusted odds ratios of gentamicin-ofloxacin cross-resistance ranging from 3.0 (95%CI [2.3,4.0]) in urine samples to 11.0 (95%CI [5.2,26.1]) in blood samples. Furthermore, we found that for P mirabilis, the magnitude of cross-resistance among linked antibiotics is higher in urine than in wound samples, whereas the opposite is true for K pneumoniae and P aeruginosa.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance of considering sample sources when assessing likelihood of antibiotic cross-resistance. The information and methods described in our study can refine future estimation of cross-resistance patterns and facilitate determination of antibiotic treatment regimens.
Inkjet-printed electrical interconnects for high resolution integrated circuit diagnostics
Authors: Jacobs Kristof J. P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs semiconductors continue to shrink in size and become more three-dimensional in shape, the size of defects that can induce a failure also reduces, pushing the need for better fault isolation. The resolving capability of microscopes used in failure analysis (FA) is frequently limited by how close the microscope can be brought to the circuit under test. Accessibility is often restricted by the presence of probe needles or wire bonds that are needed to power up the device during the measurement. Here, I describe a robust, rapid and cost-effective method to overcome the contacting bottleneck by re-routing the probe pads with a low-profile redistribution layer, realized by conductive inkjet printing. I demonstrate that the method enables analytical FA with high spatial resolution on a backside power delivery network structure in combination with the optical beam induced resistance change (OBIRCH) technique. Electrical and structural characterization of the printing process are also reported.
Preliminary Study of the Effects of a Dysphagia Support Group on Quality of Life
Authors: Koster Emma , Wadhwaniya Zuleikha , Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini M. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties) can greatly decrease quality of life for individuals with dysphagia and can lead to caregiver burden and third-party disability. Support groups have been shown to be effective in improving quality of life in a range of conditions, through allowing individuals to form connections with those with shared experiences and sharing and learning about relevant resources and coping skills. However, no research on the effects of dysphagia support groups on quality of life has been conducted. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether a virtual support group, facilitated by speech-language pathologists, could positively affect quality of life in similar ways for adults with dysphagia and their family caregivers.

Method:
Pre- and postsupport group surveys were sent to participants to gain information about their dysphagia, demographics, and support group feedback (e.g., access to resources). Questions were mainly multiple choice, with three open-ended questions related to the support group.

Results:
Eight individuals participated in the surveys, with four completing both pre- and postsession surveys. Seven of eight individuals reported that they felt a support group could improve their quality of life, with the eighth being unsure. Qualitative data found the support group offered both informational (e.g., resource access) and psychosocial support (e.g., knowledge that they were not alone, emotional support).

Conclusion:
These initial results suggest that a dysphagia support group could fill a gap in the health care system to offer more holistic support to individuals with dysphagia and their family caregivers.
Acoustic Properties of Anger in Clear and Conversational Speech
Authors: Ferguson Sarah Hargus , Wageck Madison , Young Elizabeth D. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:Using clear speech is a communication strategy audiologists commonly recommend to their patients' frequent communication partners. Recent findings indicate that clear speech can sound angrier than conversational speech, which may have a negative impact on interactions.Method:We examined the acoustic characteristics of clear versus conversational speech in 12 talkers selected from the Ferguson Clear Speech Database: six whose clear speech sounded angry and six whose clear speech did not sound angry. Acoustic analyses of median voice fundamental frequency (fomed), voice fundamental frequency range (foIQR), and energy in the spectral band 1000–3150 Hz (mid-frequency energy) were conducted in MATLAB.Results:All three acoustic metrics showed significant speaking style effects, indicating that all were significantly higher in clear speech compared to conversational speech. WhilefoIQR and mid-frequency energy increases in clear speech were similar for talkers whose clear speech sounded angry and talkers whose clear speech did not sound angry, increases infomed were only seen for talkers whose clear speech sounded angry.Conclusion:These findings suggest that elevated voice fundamental frequency contributes to clear speech sounding angry and, to avoid sounding angry, patients' frequent communication partners should be advised to avoid raising their voice pitch when speaking clearly.
Biomechanische Studien der thorakalen Wirbelsäule
Authors: Liebsch Christian 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie thorakale Wirbelsäule unterscheidet sich hinsichtlich ihrer biomechanischen
Eigenschaften deutlich von der zervikalen und lumbalen Wirbelsäule. Wesentliche
Einflussfaktoren für das charakteristische biomechanische Verhalten stellen neben den relativ
flachen Bandscheiben die thorakale Kyphose und der Brustkorb dar. Die thorakale Wirbelsäule
zeigt deutliche gekoppelte Bewegungen zwischen Seitneigung und axialer Rotation, die primär
durch die kyphotische Krümmung verursacht werden. Alle Brustkorbstrukturen begrenzen die
Flexibilität der thorakalen Wirbelsäule, insbesondere jedoch die sternokostale Verbindung, die
den oberen und mittleren Bereich stabilisiert. Der Brustkorb reduziert nicht nur den
Bewegungsumfang der thorakalen Wirbelsäule, v.a. in axialer Rotation, sondern verringert auch
den intradiskalen Druck, erhöht die Steifigkeit, und vergrößert den Kompressionswiderstand.
Die Kinematik der thorakalen Wirbelsäule wird insbesondere durch die Bandscheibe und die
Facettengelenke bestimmt und stark von Degeneration beeinflusst, v.a. in Flexion/Extension.
Zudem führt Degeneration zu nicht linearen intradiskalen Druckanstiegen und sogar negativen
Druckwerten. Chirurgische Eingriffe und traumatische Verletzungen, auch des Brustkorbs, führen
generell zu einer Destabilisierung der thorakalen Wirbelsäule, jedoch kann der stabilisierende
Einfluss eines intakten Brustkorbs bei Frakturen die Möglichkeit für eine kurze posteriore
Instrumentierung bieten sowie Anschlusssegmentdegeneration verringern.
Einfluss von verschieden Dekompressionstechniken in der lumbalen Wirbelsäule auf den Bewegungsumfang
Authors: Lener Sara , Hartmann Sebastian , Schmölz Werner 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie lumbale Spinalkanalstenose (LSS) ist eine häufige Wirbelsäulenerkrankung des älteren
Patienten mit steigender sozioökonomischer Bedeutung. Derzeit gelten die uni- oder bilaterale
Dekompression und die unilaterale Dekompression mit Unterschneidung (auch „undercutting“ oder
„over the top“ Dekompression) von der ipsilateralen Zugangsseite zur kontralateralen Seite in
Europa als Goldstandard zur Behandlung der lumbalen Spinalkanalstenose. Eine ausgedehnte
Dekompression nervaler Strukturen birgt jedoch einige bekannte Nachteile, wie z.B. das Risiko
einer sekundären lumbalen Instabilität. In den hier präsentierten Untersuchungen war es das
Ziel, die Zunahme des segmentalen Bewegungsumfangs in Abhängigkeit vom Ausmaß einer
Dekompression zu untersuchen. An 10 humanen „fresh-frozen“ Lendenwirbelsäulen wurden 4
sequenzielle, und in ihrem Umfang zunehmende Dekompressionen durchgeführt. Nach jeder
erfolgten Dekompression wurden die Präparate in einem Wirbelsäulensimulator in
Flexion-Extension, lateraler Beugung und axialer Rotation untersucht. Zusammengefasst konnte
gezeigt werden, dass die unilaterale Dekompression, als auch die unilaterale Dekompression mit
kontralateraler Unterschneidung zu keiner wesentlichen Zunahme des Bewegungsumfangs führte,
wohingegen die Laminektomie einen deutlichen Anstieg des Bewegungsumfanges, insbesondere bei
axialer Rotation, aufwies. Dies wiederum stellt ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Entstehung einer
sekundären lumbalen Instabilität dar. Das aktuelle Fehlen klarer evidenzbasierter Leitlinien
für die optimale chirurgische Therapie der lumbalen Spinalkanalstenose, ob mit oder ohne
lumbaler Fusion, kann zur Über- oder Unterbehandlung bestimmter Patient:innen führen. Ob die
statistisch signifikante Zunahme des Bewegungsumfangs auch einen Einfluss auf das klinische
Ergebnis hat, und wie gefährdete Patient:innen identifiziert werden können sollte in weiteren
Studien untersucht werden.
High-intensity Actions in Elite Soccer: Current Status and Future
Perspectives
Authors: Filter Alberto , Olivares-Jabalera Jesús , Dos'Santos Thomas , Madruga Marc , Lozano JoséMaríaOliva , Molina Alejandro , Santalla Alfredo , Requena Bernardo , Loturco Irineu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the years, soccer has become more physically demanding; the number and
frequency of high-intensity actions have increased, and these activities are
decisive in determining the match outcome. Importantly, the reductionist
approach commonly used to analyze high-intensity actions does not contemplate a
more contextualized perspective on soccer performance. Traditionally, most
investigations have only provided quantitative data regarding sprints
(i. e. time, distances, frequency) without examining
“how” (e. g. type of trajectory or starting position)
and “why” (e. g. tactical role) soccer players sprint.
In fact, other high-intensity actions, apart from running, are not even
mentioned (i. e. curve sprints, change of direction, and specific-jump
tasks). This has led to the use of tests and interventions that do not
accurately reflect real game actions. Given the true technical-tactical-physical
demands of each playing position, this narrative review collected a
wide-spectrum of current soccer-related articles and provided a discussion
regarding high-intensity actions, with a positional-based approach. In this
narrative review, practitioners are encouraged to contemplate and consider the
different elements that characterize high-intensity actions in soccer, in order
to assess and train soccer players under a more sport-specific and integrative
perspective.
Total and Regional Body Composition of NCAA Collegiate Female Rowing
Athletes
Authors: Juckett William T. , Stanforth Philip R. , Czeck Madeline A. , Evanoff Nicholas G. , Dengel Donald R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study explored body composition in female NCAA Division I rowers compared to
controls; and the effect of season, boat category, and oar side on body
composition. This retrospective analysis of 91 rowers, and 173 age, sex, and
BMI-matched controls examined total and regional fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM),
bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), percent body fat
(%BF), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) measured using dual X-ray
absorptiometry. Two-sample t-testing was used to assess differences between
rowers and controls. Repeated measures ANOVA analyzed differences across
seasons. ANOVA analyzed differences between boat categories. Paired t-testing
analyzed oar side versus non-oar side. Rowers had greater height (174.2;
164.1 cm), weight (75.2; 62.6 kg), LM (51.97; 41.12 kg),
FM (20.74; 19.34 kg), BMC (2.82; 2.37 kg), and BMD (1.24;
1.14 g/cm2); but lower %BF
(30.5%; 27.1%), and VAT (168.1; 105.0 g) than controls
(p<0.05). Total, arm, and trunk muscle-to-bone ratio were
greater in rowers (p<0.001). Rowers demonstrated greater arm LM
(5.8 kg; 5.6 kg) and BMC (0.37 kg; 0.36 kg) in
Spring compared to Fall (p<0.05). 1V8 rowers had a lower
%BF than non-scoring rowers (25.7%; 29.0%;
p=0.025). No differences observed between oar sides. These
findings will help rowing personnel better understand body composition of female
collegiate rowers.
Lärmexposition von Notärzten an einem Luftrettungszentrum
Authors: Brabant Marcus , Obermann Carsten , Kirchhoff Carsten 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Lärmexposition der Notärzte an einem Luftrettungszentrum und Ableitung von Arbeitsschutzmaßnahmen.
Methodik Dosimetrische Messung der Lärmexposition durch diensthabende Notärzte während 24-h-Schichten auf RTH und NEF über 7 Wochen.
Ergebnisse Bei den Messungen ergaben sich Überschreitungen der in Verordnungen definierten Auslösewerte der Lärmexposition.
Schlussfolgerung Medizinische Crews sind in der Luftrettung potenziell gesundheitsschädlichem Lärm ausgesetzt. Arbeitsschutzmaßnahmen müssen ergriffen werden.
Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and Infantile Diseases
Authors: Kanduc Darja 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and Aim Immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in newborns and children after prophylactic immunization is currently a relevant research topic. The present study analyzes the issue by examining the possibility that the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses are not uniquely directed against the virus but can—via molecular mimicry and the consequent cross-reactivity—also hit human proteins involved in infantile diseases.Methods Human proteins that—if altered—associate with infantile disorders were searched for minimal immune pentapeptide determinants shared with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (gp). Then, the shared pentapeptides were analyzed for immunologic potential and immunologic imprinting phenomena.Results Comparative sequence analysis shows that: (1) numerous pentapeptides (namely, 54) are common to SARS-CoV-2 spike gp and human proteins that, when altered, are linked to infantile diseases; (2) all the shared peptides have an immunologic potential since they are present in experimentally validated SARS-CoV-2 spike gp-derived epitopes; and (3) many of the shared peptides are also hosted in infectious pathogens to which children can have already been exposed, thus making immunologic imprint phenomena feasible.Conclusion Molecular mimicry and the consequent cross-reactivity can represent the mechanism that connects exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and various pediatric diseases, with a fundamental role of the immunologic memory and the history of the child's infections in determining and specifying the immune response and the pathologic autoimmune sequela.
Clinical Results of Nonvascularized Metatarsal Articular Bone Grafting for Osteochondral Defects of the Radiocarpal and Distal Radioulnar Joint
Authors: Stougie Shirley D. , Hoogvliet Peter , Plugge Lara , Coert J. Henk 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Treatment of post-traumatic osteochondral defects in the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joint with nonvascularized metatarsal articular bone grafting is an option to restore the joint (cartilage) surface and wrist function.
Purpose To evaluate the clinical midterm results of 10 consecutive patients who were treated with a nonvascularized metatarsal bone graft for cartilage bone defects of the lunate facet, scaphoid facet, sigmoid notch, or the radial part of the ulnar head.
Patients and Methods Patients with isolated osteochondral defects of the lunate facet, scaphoid facet, sigmoid notch, or radial part of the ulnar head, respectively, as a result of wrist trauma were retrospectively identified in a prospectively collected database. The patients symptoms were limited wrist motion and/or pain. Clinical results and complications were extracted from patient's medical files and two questionnaires consisting of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation and additional questions regarding patient satisfaction and return to work and/or hobby.
Results Minor complications occurred in three cases and required surgery. In five cases an acceptable donor site foot morbidity was seen at 1 year. One patient was not satisfied due to persistent wrist pain despite adequate range of motion. One patient could not return to its prior work. Another patient could not resume its hobby.
Conclusion Retrospective evaluation of 10 cases with resurfacing of the scaphoid facet, sigmoid notch, and/or lunate facet, or radial part of the ulnar head has shown that osseointegration was possible without a vascular pedicle to the graft in all cases with a (mean) follow-up of 5 years. This technique may become an alternative treatment when implants become less available.
Level of Evidence Level III