bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an environmental educational program on intern dentists’ knowledge and practices regarding eco-friendly green dentistry: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Hassan Eman Helmy , Lotfy Nesma , Abdou Mamdouh Hanafy , Fetohy Ebtisam Mohamed , Hussein Mohamed Fakhry 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The dental industry is associated with significant environmental impacts so there is a growing need for eco-friendly practices in dentistry. This study aimed to assess dental interns’ knowledge and practices regarding eco-friendly dentistry before and after the implementation of the environmental educational program.

Methods
An interventional quasi-experimental study (one group pre-test-post-test design) was conducted on 69 intern dentists at the Faculty of Dentistry Alexandria University. Assessment of knowledge and practices related to eco-friendly dentistry was performed three times: before, after two months, and after four months of the educational program.

Results
The mean age of participants was 23.72 years; 56.5% were males; 89.9% hadn’t received prior training on eco-friendly dentistry; and 40.6% obtained their green dentistry information from online websites. The educational program significantly improved their knowledge (median score percentage went from 50% before the intervention to 81.82% and 81.82% after two and four months of the conducting of the educational program, respectively.) and eco-friendly practices (median score percentage increased from 58.33% before the intervention to 75% and 66.67% after two and four months of the intervention, respectively) and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were noticed between knowledge and practice either before or after the training program (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
There was a significant improvement in knowledge and practices of the participants after the implementation of eco-friendly educational program. The successful educational program in early career is important in reducing waste generation and resource consumption, as well as potential cost savings on the long run.

Clinical trial registration number
PACTR202405544685014. Date: 20 May 2024, “retrospectively registered”.
Airway pressures generated by high flow nasal cannula in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a computational study
Authors: Shamohammadi Hossein , Weaver Liam , Saffaran Sina , Tonelli Roberto , Laviola Marianna , Laffey John G. , Camporota Luigi , Scott Timothy E. , Hardman Jonathan G. , Clini Enrico , Bates Declan G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction and objectives
High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an increasingly popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support for the treatment of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Previous experimental studies in healthy subjects have established that HFNC generates flow-dependent positive airway pressures, but no data is available on the levels of mean airway pressure (mPaw) or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) generated by HFNC therapy in AHRF patients. We aimed to estimate the airway pressures generated by HFNC at different flow rates in patients with AHRF, whose functional lung volume may be significantly reduced compared to healthy subjects due to alveolar consolidation and/or collapse.

Materials and methods
We developed a high-fidelity mechanistic computational model of the cardiopulmonary system during HFNC therapy using data from healthy subjects, and then measured the mPaw and PEEP levels produced when different amounts of alveolar consolidation/collapse were incorporated into the model.

Results
When calibrated to represent normal lung physiology in healthy subjects, our model recapitulates the airway pressures produced by HFNC at different flow rates in healthy volunteers who were breathing normally, with their mouths closed or open. When different amounts of alveolar consolidation/collapse are implemented in the model to reflect the pathophysiology of AHRF, the mPaw and PEEP produced by HFNC at all flow rates increase as the functional lung volume decreases (up to a mPaw of 11.53 and a PEEP of 11.41 cmH2O at 60 L/min with the mouth closed when 50% of the model’s alveolar compartments are non-aerated). When the model was matched to individual patient data from a cohort of 58 patients with AHRF receiving HFNC at 60 L/min, the mean (standard deviation) of the mPaw / PEEP produced by HFNC in the models of these patients was 8.56 (1.50) / 8.92 (1.49) cmH2O with mouths closed, and 1.73 (0.31) / 1.36 (0.36) cmH2O with mouths open.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the airway pressures produced by HFNC in patients with AHRF could be higher than is currently assumed based on experimental data from healthy subjects, particularly in patients whose mouths remain closed. Higher levels of PEEP could be beneficial if they lead to alveolar recruitment and improved lung compliance, but could cause alveolar overdistension if they do not, motivating the close monitoring of the effects of HFNC on lung mechanics. Further clinical studies are warranted to directly measure the airway pressures produced by HFNC in patients with different severities of AHRF.
Awareness and knowledge regarding female genital schistosomiasis among European healthcare workers: a cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Marchese Valentina , Remkes Aaron , Kislaya Irina , Rausche Pia , Brito André , Hey Jana Christina , Rasamoelina Tahinamandranto , Rakotoarivelo Rivo Andry , May Jürgen , Fusco Daniela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Adequate knowledge and awareness regarding diseases are essential for appropriate, high-quality healthcare. Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) is a non-sexually transmitted gynaecological disease that is caused by the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs in the female genital tract and the resulting immune response that causes tissue damage. It is estimated to affect 56 million women, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where healthcare workers (HCWs) have limited awareness and knowledge of FGS. Most migrants in Europe are female, often from SSA and therefore at risk of FGS. This study investigated awareness and knowledge of FGS among European HCWs with the aim of informing strategies to improve the management of migrant health.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered, closed, multilingual, anonymous online questionnaire between 1st June 2023 to 31st January 2024. Medical doctors (MDs) (n = 581) and nurses or midwives (NMs) (n = 341) working in infectiology, gynaecology, urology and general, travel, internal or occupational medicine in European countries were enrolled in the survey. A Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with MDs’ knowledge and awareness of FGS and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were estimated. Practices related to FGS were described using counts and proportions for a subsample of MDs aware of FGS.

Results
Among the 922 eligible participants, FGS awareness was 43.7% (CI95%: 39.6; 47.9) for MDs and 12.0% (CI95%: 8.8; 16.0) for NMs. FGS awareness among MDs was higher among men (50.0%; CI95%: 43.7; 56.3), working in clinics for migrants (72.0%, CI95%: 63.2; 79.7) and among infectiologists/travel medicine specialists (68.9%, CI95%: 62.2; 75.0). No knowledge was reported by 67.6% (95% CI 63.7–71.4) of MDs, while 25.3% (CI95%: 21.8; 29.0) had low and 7.1% (CI95%: 5.1; 9.5) medium knowledge. Working in healthcare for migrants was positively associated with medium knowledge (aPR = 3.49; CI95% 1.67;7.28), which was lower for general practitioners (aPR = 0.23, CI95%:0.07;0.81).

Conclusions
Our study highlights that HCWs in Europe might not be adequately prepared to manage FGS patients, resulting in a high risk of neglect. We believe that the promotion of existing medical networks could improve knowledge about FGS and thus the health of migrant women.
The Venus score for the assessment of the quality and trustworthiness of biomedical datasets
Authors: Chicco Davide , Fabris Alessandro , Jurman Giuseppe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBiomedical datasets are the mainstays of computational biology and health informatics projects, and can be found on multiple data platforms online or obtained from wet-lab biologists and physicians. The quality and the trustworthiness of these datasets, however, can sometimes be poor, producing bad results in turn, which can harm patients and data subjects. To address this problem, policy-makers, researchers, and consortia have proposed diverse regulations, guidelines, and scores to assess the quality and increase the reliability of datasets. Although generally useful, however, they are often incomplete and impractical. The guidelines of Datasheets for Datasets, in particular, are too numerous; the requirements of the Kaggle Dataset Usability Score focus on non-scientific requisites (for example, including a cover image); and the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act) sets forth sparse and general data governance requirements, which we tailored to datasets for biomedical AI. Against this backdrop, we introduce our new Venus score to assess the data quality and trustworthiness of biomedical datasets. Our score ranges from 0 to 10 and consists of ten questions that anyone developing a bioinformatics, medical informatics, or cheminformatics dataset should answer before the release. In this study, we first describe the EU AI Act, Datasheets for Datasets, and the Kaggle Dataset Usability Score, presenting their requirements and their drawbacks. To do so, we reverse-engineer the weights of the influential Kaggle Score for the first time and report them in this study. We distill the most important data governance requirements into ten questions tailored to the biomedical domain, comprising the Venus score. We apply the Venus score to twelve datasets from multiple subdomains, including electronic health records, medical imaging, microarray and bulk RNA-seq gene expression, cheminformatics, physiologic electrogram signals, and medical text. Analyzing the results, we surface fine-grained strengths and weaknesses of popular datasets, as well as aggregate trends. Most notably, we find a widespread tendency to gloss over sources of data inaccuracy and noise, which may hinder the reliable exploitation of data and, consequently, research results. Overall, our results confirm the applicability and utility of the Venus score to assess the trustworthiness of biomedical data.
Synthesizing evidence to guide the design and implementation of effective strategies for discontinuing postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical settings: an umbrella review post-WHO 2018 recommendations
Authors: Bwire George Msema , Magati Renatus B. , Ntissi Hafidhi H. , Mbilinyi Tusaligwe , Manguzu Martine A. , Nyondo Goodluck G. , Njiro Belinda J. , Nkinda Lilian B. , Munishi Castory G. , Nyongole Obadia , Ndayishimiye Pacifique , Majigo Mtebe V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) involves using antibiotics after surgery to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). However, studies have shown that PAP offers no additional benefits compared to discontinuation after surgical incision closure, prompting its de-implementation to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use that may contribute to antibiotic resistance. We conducted this review to synthesize evidence for guiding the design and implementation of effective strategies for discontinuing PAP practice and optimizing antibiotic use in surgical settings.

Methods
This umbrella review searched for articles from PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus, focusing on reviews conducted on human subjects on PAP to prevent SSIs, published in English language from 2019 to 5th July 2024. This review followed guidelines from PRISMA-P and PRIOR. The risk of bias (methodological quality) was assessed using AMSTAR-2. The pooled risk ratio (RR) was estimated using a fixed-effects model (Mantel–Haenszel method), while I2 was used to assess the heterogeneity between reviews. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024566124).

Results
In our umbrella review, we screened 1156 articles, with 28 review articles found eligible for final analysis, involving over 457 primary studies. About 80,483 patients were involved in 9 meta-analysis reviews, which were used to estimate the pooled RR. We found no significant benefits to patients from continuing PAP beyond 24-h post-surgery compared to immediate discontinuation, RR: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.97–1.17, I2: 25%, p-value: 0.22). Strategies such as regularly assessing and refining guidelines to fit specific surgical settings and patients’ characteristics, multidisciplinary collaboration, availability of resources needed for best practices, education and training healthcare workers on SSI prevention and antibiotic stewardship, and patient education in SSI prevention and proper antibiotic use were recommended to improve best practices in surgical settings.

Conclusions
Prolonging antibiotic prophylaxis beyond 24-h post-surgery did not show significant protective benefits against SSIs. Our findings support the 2018 WHO recommendation for the immediate discontinuation of PAP following surgical incision closure in clean and clean-contaminated procedures. Further de-implementation research studies are needed to guide the effective discontinuation of PAP practice.
Case report: Long-term GPS tracking throughout the breeding and non-breeding seasons of the streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas
Authors: Kamata Taito , Shirai Masaki , Hirata Kazuhiko , Sato Takahiro , Mukai Haruka , Yamamoto Maki , Sekijima Tsuneo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe collection of wildlife tracking information throughout a species’ entire life cycle is important for comprehensive ecological elucidation and the establishment of practical protected areas. Although streaked shearwater (SS) is a seabird species for which biologging techniques are highly developed, there have been no reports of successful global positioning system (GPS) tracking during the early breeding and non-breeding seasons, when recapture is difficult. In this study, we succeeded in long-term GPS tracking, obtaining highly accurate tracking data during the non-breeding season from November to March and the early breeding season from April to July. We discuss the relationship between prey distribution and the marine environment to understand the species’ foraging habitat preferences. In September 2018, we attached GPS tags to birds breeding on Toshima, in the Izu Islands, and recaptured two birds in August 2020 and 2022. The tags worked for 277 and 549 days and fixed 23,510 and 37,233 positions, respectively. During the early breeding season, the foraging area had low sea surface temperatures (SST) and high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations and moved northward as the season progressed. During the non-breeding season, one bird wintered in the South China Sea and the other off northern New Guinea. In the South China Sea, SS preferred sea areas with an average SST of 26 °C and high Chl-a concentrations (> 0.8mg/m3), whereas off northern New Guinea, SS preferred an area with an average SST of 29 °C. The foraging area used during the early breeding season depended on the optimal water temperature zone for their primary prey—Japanese Anchovy. The foraging areas used during the non-breeding season matched the optimal water temperature zones of the main fish distributed in each sea area. The GPS tracking data obtained in this study, while not a statistically sufficient sample size, are valuable and provide new insights into the environmental preferences of SS during early breeding and non-breeding seasons; life stages for which little information is available.
Exploring parent-child relationships in a Swedish child and adolescent psychiatry - cohort of adolescents with internet gaming disorder
Authors: Kapetanovic Sabina , Nielsen Maiken Due , André Frida , Gurdal Sevtap , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
While recent studies suggest a high prevalence of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) clinics, little is known about the factors contributing to problematic gaming among these patients. Given the well-established role of parenting and parent-child relationships in the development of problem behaviors, this study aimed to explore parent-child relationships within a Swedish cohort of CAP patients with IGD.

Methods
A total of 72 adolescents from CAP clinics in Skane, Sweden, diagnosed with IGD based on DSM-V criteria (73% boys), aged 13 to 18 years were included in the study. The adolescents completed the Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents (GASA) and reported on aspects of parent-child communication, such as parental control and adolescent disclosure and secrecy, and family climate. Adolescents were categorized as engaged, problem or addicted gamers based on core approach. Independent sample t-tests, Pearsons’s correlations, and multivariate regression analyses were used to address the study goals.

Results
Independent sample t-tests revealed that girls showed lower levels of parental knowledge than boys. Bivariate correlation analyses showed that IGD-symptoms were related to lower levels of child disclosure, while multivariate regression analyses revealed that higher IGD-symptoms were predicted by high levels of child secrecy and low child disclosure.

Conclusion
Parent-child relationships, in particular adolescent information management to parents, plays an important role for the level of IGD-symptoms in a clinical sample of adolescents. We suggest that therapeutic interventions for IGD should integrate family-focused strategies, such as parent training programs fostering open communication between parents and their children.
Antibacterial properties and biological activity of 3D-printed titanium alloy implants with a near-infrared photoresponsive surface
Authors: Wang Ming-Kang , Xiao Fan , Xu Xu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
SLM 3D printing technology is one of the most widely used implant-making technologies. However, the surfaces of the implants are relatively rough, and bacteria can easily adhere to them; increasing the risk of postoperative infection. Therefore, we prepared a near-infrared photoresponsive nano-TiO2 coating on the surface of an SLM 3D-printed titanium alloy sheet (Ti6Al4V) via a hydrothermal method to evaluate its antibacterial properties and biocompatibility.

Methods
Using SLM technology, titanium alloy sheets were 3D printed, and a nano-TiO2 coating was prepared on its surface via a hydrothermal method to obtain Ti6Al4V@TiO2. The surface morphology, physicochemical properties, and photothermal response of the samples were observed. The Ti6Al4V groups and Ti6Al4V@TiO2 groups were cocultured with S. aureus and E. coli and exposed to 808 nm NIR light (0.8 W/cm2) and viable plate count experiments and live/dead bacterial staining were used to assess their in vitro antibacterial properties.

Results
The hydrophilicity of the nano-TiO2 coating sample significantly improved and the sample exhibited an excellent photothermal response. The temperature reached 46.9± 0.32 °C after 15 min of irradiation with 808 nm NIR light (0.8 W/cm2). The Ti6Al4V group showed significant antibacterial properties after irradiation with 808 nm NIR light, and the Ti6Al4V@TiO2 group also had partial antibacterial ability without irradiation. After irradiation with 808 nm NIR light, the Ti6Al4V@TiO2 group showed the strongest antibacterial properties, reaching 90.11± 2.20% and 90.60± 1.08% against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively.

Conclusions
A nano-TiO2 coating prepared via a hydrothermal method produced synergistic antibacterial effects after NIR light irradiation.
Impact of digital exposure on premarital sex and contraception use among unmarried Indian youth
Authors: Ubale Pragati Dattatraya , Mishra Punit , Aditi  , Acharya Rajib , Sekher T.V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Premarital sex in India is hugely stigmatized. With the widespread use of mobile phones and the internet, attitudes and behaviors towards premarital sexual activities are inevitably shifting. This study investigates the impact of digital exposure, specifically mobile phones and the internet on premarital sex and contraception use among unmarried Indian youths.

Methodology
Utilizing data from the 5th National Family Health Survey, the analysis includes 172,568 women and 33,397 men aged 15–29 years. The study applies univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical methods, such as Chi-square tests and Multiple Logistic Regression. Propensity Score matching addresses selection bias, estimating the impact of digital exposure on premarital sexual activities and condom use.

Results
The findings show that youth exposed to mobile phones and the internet are more likely to engage in premarital sex and use condoms during their first sexual encounter. Specifically, 13.46% of men and 2.83% of women reported premarital sex, with 60.84% of men using condoms at first sex. These behaviors are significantly associated with age, education, urban residence, and mass media exposure.

Conclusion
Digital exposure significantly influences premarital sexual behaviors and contraception use among unmarried Indian youth. Adoption of mobile devices and internet usage in India should be accompanied by the implementation of holistic and culturally appropriate technology-driven interventions to provide sex education in India.
Synergistic effect on lignolytic enzyme production through co-culturing of white rot fungi during solid state fermentation of agricultural residues
Authors: Singh Jatinder , Mandal Anjali , Nandabalan Yogalakshmi Kadapakkam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The current study has demonstrated that the co-culturing strategy as compared to mono-culture enhanced the lignolytic enzymes activity due to their synergistic effect on solid substrate. Synergistic effect during the co-culturing of white rot fungi (WRF) can be utilised to degrade contaminants from the environment since lignolytic enzymes are responsible for the degradation of lignin and organic pollutants.

Methods
This study used a mixed WRF culture comprising Pleurotus ostreatus (PO), Trametes versicolor (TV), Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) and Daedaelia flavida (DF) to produce enzymes such as laccase, manganese (MnP) and lignin peroxodase (LiP) using solid state fermentation (SSF) process. Wheat straw (WS), paddy straw (PS) and cotton stalks (CS) were selected as substrates for lignolytic enzyme production to lower the cost and length of the process. Based on their enzymatic activity, selected fungal strains were categorised.

Results
Pair of TV-PC on reactive blue MR (RB-MR) dye agar plates exhibited the highest levels of peroxidase activity, with a maximum diameter of 45 mm. TV and PC pair showed the highest levels of laccase (810 U/L), LiP (693 U/L) and MnP (681 U/L) activity due to synergistic interaction and CS substrate was verified to be beneficial for laccase, MnP and LiP enzyme production. SDS-PAGE and SEM analysis characterised the lignolytic enzymes and cotton stalks substrate, respectively.

Conclusions
In the present investigation, Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium showed the highest laccase and peroxidases activity, respectively. Synergistic effect was observed during co-culturing of Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium on RB-MR dye. Significantly, the highest lignolytic activity was observed in cotton stalk substrate.