bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Land, Ocean, and Atmospheric Parameters Associated with Tauktae Cyclone
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Pippal Prity S. , Chauhan Akshansha , Singh Ramesh P. , Kumar Ramesh , Singh Atar , Singh Jagvir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

During the pre- and post-monsoon season, the eastern and western coasts are highly vulnerable to cyclones. The tropical cyclone "Tauktae" formed in the Arabian Sea on 14 May 2021 and moved along the western coast of India, and landfall occurred on 17 May 2021. During the cyclone, the maximum wind speed was 220 km/hr with a pressure of 935 millibars. This cyclone influenced the meteorological and atmospheric parameters and weather conditions of western, northern, and central India and caused devastating damage. A detailed satellite, Argo, and ground data analysis have been carried out to study the changes in the ocean, atmospheric and meteorological parameters during the cyclone formation until the landfall and beyond. During cyclone generation, the air temperature (AT) was maximum (30.51oC), and winds (220 km/h) was strong with negative omega values (0.3). RH and RF were higher near the origin and landfall location of the cyclone, with an average of 81.28% and 21.45 mm/day, respectively. The concentration of traces gases (NO2, SO2, CH4, TCO, COVMR, and H2OMMR) and aerosols (AOD, AE and PMs) loading were increased over land along the cyclone track that degraded the quality of air. The detailed analysis shows pronounced changes in the land, ocean, meteorological and atmospheric parameters. The strong wind associated with the cyclone amalgamated the surrounding airmass degraded the air quality, and severely threatened the people living in the landfall areas. The results discussed in the present study show a pronounced change in the ocean, land, meteorological and atmospheric parameters and a strong coupling between the land-ocean-atmosphere associated with the cyclone.
Clinical Outcomes of Inferior Oblique Myectomy in Patients with Unilateral Superior Oblique Palsy
Authors: Blau-Most Michal , Tremblay François , LaRoche G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
– Unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) is the most common isolated cranial nerve palsy. This report looks at the results and safety of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy for SOP.
Methods
– A retrospective chart review of patients with fusional ability who underwent IO myectomy for unilateral SOP over a 15-year period, at one of our university-associated health care centers. Primary outcomes were distance hypertropia and excyclotropia in primary position, and inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). A secondary outcome was the correlation between the age at surgery and the residual distance hypertropia.
Results
– A total of 73 patients with unilateral SOP who underwent IO myectomy were included in the analysis. Mean pre-operative values were: distance hypertropia: 15.41 ± 6.8 Prism Diopters (range 4–30 PD), IOOA: +2.2 ± 0.7 (range 0-3.5) and excyclotropia:+5.34 ± 3.6° (range 0–12°). Mean post-operative values were: distance hypertropia: 3.7 ± 3.4PD [0-14PD], IOOA: -0.1 ± 0.8 [(-2)-2] and excyclotropia: +1.1 ± 2.3°[(-5)-10]. The younger age group (0–20 years old) had a trend toward smaller preoperative distance hypertropia (P = 0.051), and a significantly smaller distance hypertropia post-operatively (p = 0.007). There was no case of over-correction or ocular complication.
Conclusion
- On average, IO myectomy results in a 11.7PD reduction of the distance hypertropia, and 4° reduction of excyclotropia, with an effective reduction of IOOA. While these results are comparable to other surgical methods reported in the literature, they underline an efficacy without the risks of complications such as anti-elevation syndrome and possible scleral perforation. The younger age group had a trend toward smaller preoperative deviation, and better outcomes compared to the older age group.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Infertility Among Women Living in Jordan: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jaber Kamel , Albdour Karam , Ismail Omar , Jaber Yazan , Alsaras Amin , Younis Ahmad , Muhaidat Nadia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Infertility is a common health issue worldwide. In Jordan, the burden of infertility is understudied, and the prevalence is likely underestimated. We aimed to assess the perceptions and level of awareness of Jordanian women concerning infertility and its health and social implications.
Study design:
429 women living in Jordan were invited to fill out an online questionnaire evaluating their knowledge of infertility, attitudes, and related perceptions. Linear regression was conducted to screen for variables affecting participants’ knowledge of infertility.
Results
The diagnosis of infertility was reported by 13% of participants. The majority of the participants reported that infertility adds strain to the marriage, and about 40% agreed that it is a valid reason for divorce. Almost half of the participants agreed that the community’s view of them would change had they learned of their infertility. Moreover, three-quarters of the participants (73%) believed that neither males nor females are to blame for infertility. Even though about ninety percent (88.1%) agreed that infertility should be treated, less than half of the participants (45.7%) considered it a disease. The majority preferred to discuss gynecologic and infertility-related issues and concerns with a female physician (57.8%, n = 248). Knowledge of infertility was found to be inadequate among the study population (average knowledge score of 51.8%). Furthermore, having a higher household income, carrying a healthcare-related degree and previously visiting an infertility clinic were significantly associated with a higher knowledge score.
Conclusion
In the setting of the lacking literature regarding infertility in Jordan, this study offers valuable insight into the knowledge, attitudes, and practices that are common among women residing in Jordan. Results from this study highlight negative trends in the help-seeking behavior of women, and gaps in infertility-related knowledge. This should prompt the adoption of educational programs as part of a nationwide approach addressing infertility and encouraging people to seek help when needed, emphasizing the role of primary healthcare in managing fertility issues. Official efforts are needed to collect data at a national level.
Post-Caesarean Wound Infections: Incidence, Bacterial Profiles, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Associated Factors in Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Teshome , Manilal Aseer , Seid Mohammed , Tesfaye Mheret , Tolessa Dereje , Akiilu Addis , Zakir Abdurezak , Keyta Gebere , Kulyta Kebede , El-Sheikh Mohamed A. , Idhayadhulla Akbar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Post-caesarean wound infections are a maternal health concern associated with increased morbidity and extended hospital stays, mainly caused by drug-resistant pathogens. A prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in the title public hospitals among pregnant women who had undergone Caesarean section (CS). All women were followed up for 30 days, and those who developed a clinically infected wound (i.e., 204) were included in the bacteriological analysis. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Wound samples were collected to identify bacteria as per the microbiological guidelines. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Of the 204 samples, 85.78% (175/204) were culture-positive, yielding 203 bacteria.Staphylococcus aureuspredominantly caused wound infections (n = 65, 32.01%), followed byKlebsiella pneumoniae(n = 54, 26.6%). Gram-negative bacilli were highly resistant to piperacillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and co-trimoxazole (> 85%), whereas Gram-positive cocci were highly resistant to penicillin and tetracycline (> 90%). Overall, 70.44% (n = 143) of isolates were multidrug-resistant. Parity [P = 0.01, AOR: 4.4, (CI: 1.40, 13.87)], previous CS [P = 0.0, AOR: 6.3, (CI: 3.10, 13.01)], diabetes mellitus [P = 0.05, AOR: 3.2, (CI: 2.1, 5.8)], and emergency CS [P = 0.05, AOR: 2.07, (CI: 1.06, 2.63)] were significantly associated with post-caesarean wound infections.
From One Size Fits All to a Tailored Approach: Integrating Precision Medicine into Medical Education.
Authors: Sbitan Lana , Alzraikat Noor , Tanous Haneen , Mohamed Abdelrahman , Odeh Mohanad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
As precision medicine gains momentum, the traditional - One Size Fits All - approach to disease prevention and treatment is becoming less reliable. Medical education must prioritize equipping physicians with the knowledge to apply precision medicine effectively. The present study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers to precision medicine among medical students, interns, and physicians in Jordan.
Materials and Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study, using an online validated and reliable questionnaire to collect data, was conducted. The knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions related to precision medicine were assessed and explored for statistical associations. The strength of each association was further presented by calculating the Cramér's phi (φc).
Results
Participants in the present study were 607 individuals, 55.5% were males. 29.6% of participants had low knowledge scores (marks between -12 and 0). The strongest association was reported between knowledge score and primary care setting followed by age (φc= 0.27 and 0.29, respectively). Physicians at the Ministry of Health had the highest odds of a high knowledge score (OR=5.3, 95% CI 2.7 -10.2, P<0.001)
Most respondents (79.1%) would consider using genome-guided prescribing tools developed by researchers, with only (15.8%) deeming these tools clinically useless. Nevertheless, almost 78% of participants expressed concern regarding patient anxiety with test results. Students showed better perception than physicians (p=<0.001), but Physicians were more confident to implement precision medicine (P=<0.0001). Most participants (87.1%) considered expanding their knowledge in precision medicine. Physicians cited limited accessibility as the main barrier to adopt precision medicine (92.9%), while high cost was the primary obstacle reported by students (80.2%).
Conclusion
Medical students and Physicians share a positive attitude toward implementing Precision Medicine, but barriers must be overcome for successful implementation. Integrating precision medicine and genome-based technologies into medical education is necessary for its successful application in clinical practice.
Chaotic discrete map of pulse oscillator dynamics with threshold nonlinear rate coding
Authors: Boriskov Petr 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The study presents 1D discrete map (DM) to describe the dynamics of the oscillator with chaotic pulse position modulation (PPM). The model circuit has pulse voltage-controlled oscillator (PVCO) and feedback (FB) loop with a threshold of pulse rate coding, which performs non-retriggerable monostable multivibrator (MMV). DM is based on the analysis of this circuit using a simple approximation of the frequency modulation, which includes a threshold condition on the pulse period and sigmoid function of rate coding. The model circuit and DM demonstrate dynamic chaos in a wide range of control parameters. The transition to the chaos occurs by a jump either from a fixed point (tangent bifurcation), or from a limit cycle. An experimental (digital-analog) circuit of the chaotic pulse oscillator, in which the FB unit is MMV with a microcontroller (MC), is implemented. The relationship between the presented DM and the well-known sawtooth (Bernoulli) map (STM), widely used in engineering, is discussed.
Pembrolizumab plus bevacizumab achieves long-term progression free survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastases: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Shizhuo , Wang Jinpeng , Zhang Duo , Chen Hong , Imam Murshid , Yan Shunchao , Ji Jiale 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Brain metastases (BMs) are an important cause of mortality in lung cancer. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) based targeted therapy is recommended for driver gene mutation, non-squamous NSCLC with more than three BMs. For BMs without driver gene mutation, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy are standard treatments. However, radiotherapy results in neurocognitive impairment. Chemotherapeutic drugs have difficulty in crossing the blood-brain barrier.
Case presentation: This case was driver gene mutation negative, programmed-death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) positive lung adenocarcinoma with mildly symptomatic BMs, without a driver gene mutation. The patient benefited from treatment with a non-chemotherapy regimen of pembrolizumab plus bevacizumab. Intracranial edema and tumor enhancement were significantly reduced, and headache was alleviated after two cycles of treatment. Partial remission was achieved in BM after 10 cycles of treatment. As of May 2023, the patient had achieved >32 months of progression-free survival.
Conclusions: The combination of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agent might be a valuable therapeutic choice for patients with driver gene mutation negative, PD-L1 positive NSCLC with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic BMs.
Novel batch polishing method of ceramic cutting inserts for reducing tool wear
Authors: Gao Rui , Wang Chunjin , Loh Yee Man , Liang Xiaoliang , Jiang Chen , Cheung Chi Fai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

To reduce tool wear of inserts in cutting, this study presents an emerging magnetic field-assisted batch polishing (MABP) method for simultaneously polishing multiple ceramics cutting inserts. The wear characteristics are clarified by cutting S136H steel. The surface roughness in regard to mean height (\(Sa\)) at the flank face, edge, and nose has achieved below 2.5 nm, 6.25 nm, and 45.8 nm, respectively after 15 minutes of polishing, and the tool life was extended by 175%. The experimental results indicate that MABP is an effective method for mass polishing the cutting inserts, and the polished surfaces can notably reduce tool wear.
Implementing and Evaluating a Fully-Functional AI-Enabled Model for Chronic Eye Disease Screening in a Real Clinical Environment
Authors: Skevas Christos , de Olaguer Nicolás Pérez , Lleó Albert , Thiwa David , Schroeter Ulrike , Lopes Inês Valente , Mautone Luca , Linke Stephan , Spitzer Martin Stephan , Yap Daniel , Xiao Di 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to increase the affordability and accessibility of eye disease screening, especially with the recent approval of AI-based diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening programs in several countries.
Methods
This study investigated the performance, feasibility, and user experience of a seamless hardware and software solution for screening chronic eye diseases in a real-world clinical environment in Germany. The solution integrated AI grading for DR, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and glaucoma, along with specialist auditing and patient referral decision. The study comprised several components: 1) evaluating the entire system solution from recruitment to eye image capture and AI grading for DR, AMD, and glaucoma; 2) comparing specialist’s grading results with AI grading results; 3) gathering user feedback on the solution.
Results
A total of 231 patients were recruited, and their consent forms were obtained. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for DR grading were 100.00%, 80.10%, and 90.00%, respectively. For AMD grading, the values were 90.91%, 78.79%, and 85.00%, and for glaucoma grading, the values were 93.26%, 76.76%, and 85.00%. The analysis of all false positive cases across the three diseases and their comparison with the final referral decisions revealed that only 17 patients were falsely referred among the 231 patients. The efficacy analysis of the system demonstrated the effectiveness of the AI grading process in the study's testing environment. Clinical staff involved in using the system provided positive feedback on the disease screening process, particularly praising the seamless workflow from patient registration to image transmission and obtaining the final result. Results from a questionnaire completed by 12 participants indicated that most found the system easy, quick, and highly satisfactory. The study also revealed room for improvement in the AMD model, suggesting the need to enhance its training data. Furthermore, the performance of the glaucoma model grading could be improved by incorporating additional measures such as intraocular pressure.
Conclusions
The implementation of the AI-based approach for screening three chronic eye diseases proved effective in real-world settings, earning positive feedback on the usability of the integrated platform from both the screening staff and auditors. The auditing function has proven valuable for obtaining efficient second opinions from experts, pointing to its potential for enhancing remote screening capabilities.
Trial registration
Institutional Review Board of the Hamburg Medical Chamber (Ethik-Kommission der Ärztekammer Hamburg): 2021-10574-BO-ff
Detecting thermal anomalies using thermochronometry around hydrothermal alteration zones in the Kii Peninsula, southwest Japan – An attempt
Authors: SUEOKA Shigeru , Iwano Hideki , Danhara Tohru , Niwa Masakazu , Kanno Mizuho , Kohn Barry , Kawamura Makoto , Yokoyama Tatsunori , Kagami Saya , Ogita Yasuhiro , Hirata Takafumi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Fluid-inclusion and thermochronometric analyses have been applied to hydrothermal alteration zones and their host rocks outcropping in the Hongu area of the Kii Peninsula, southwestern Japan in an attempt to detect thermal anomalies related to hydrothermal events and quantify the thermal effects on the host rocks. Hydrothermal events at ~150°C and ~200°C were identified by fluid-inclusion microthermometry of quartz veins in the alteration zones. For the host rocks and alteration zones, in the youngest population zircon yielded U–Pb dates ranging between ~74.7–59.2 Ma, fission-track dates of ~27.2–16.6 Ma, and (U–Th)/He single-grain dates of ~23.6–8.7 Ma. Apatite yielded pooled fission-track ages of ~14.9–9.0 Ma. The zircon U–Pb dates constrain the maximum depositional ages of the sedimentary samples. However, the fission-track and (U–Th)/He dates show no clear trend as a function of distance from the alteration zones. Hence, no thermal anomaly was detected in the surrounding host rocks based on the thermochronometric data patterns. The fission-track and (U–Th)/He dates are rather thought to record regional thermal and exhumation histories rather than a direct thermal imprint of fluid flow, probably because the duration of such activity was too short or because fluid flow occurred before regional cooling events and were later thermally overprinted. Apatite fission-track ages of ~10 Ma may reflect regional mountain uplift and exhumation related to the obduction of the SW Japan lithospheric sliver onto the Shikoku Basin, or the rapid subduction of the Philippine Sea slab associated with the clockwise rotation of the Southwest Japan Arc.
Her, His, and Their Journey with Endometriosis: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shinan-Altman Shiri , Wertheimer Aya , Frankel Bat-El , Hamama-Raz Yaira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Endometriosis, impacting roughly 10% of reproductive-age women and girls globally, presents diagnostic challenges that can cause significant delays between symptom onset and medical confirmation. The aim of the current study was to explore the experience of women with endometriosis as well as that of their partners, from pre-diagnosis to diagnosis to post-diagnosis.
Methods
In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 couples coping with endometriosis. Each partner was interviewed separately, and each interview was analyzed both individually and as part of a dyad, using the dyadic interview analysis method.
Results
Three main themes emerged: (i) “Relationship in the shadow of uncertainty”: Coping with health symptoms prior to the formal endometriosis diagnosis; (ii) Coping together or alone when receiving the endometriosis diagnosis; and (iii) "The day after the diagnosis”: Moving between adversity and growth.
Conclusions
The study's findings emphasize the importance of viewing the diagnosis from a dyadic perspective and comprehensively – that is, from pre-diagnosis to accepting the formal diagnosis to post-diagnosis. This journey can have a profound impact on both couple members, affecting their day-to-day functioning, communication, emotional and physical intimacy, and fertility.
Ocular health and eye safety practices of the industrial welders in Nepal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: KHANAL SUDARSHAN , Chaudhary Meenu , Marasini Sanjay , Shrestha Gauri Shanker , Mishra Sanjeeb Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Occupational eye health access remains as a far-fetched dream in developing countries where, still, primary health care is inaccessible to general public. Illiteracy, ignorance, and casual attitude contribute to the majority of occupational morbidities, which are otherwise preventable. The aim of the researcher was to investigate the burden of preventable ocular hazards in Nepalese professional welders and elucidate their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the eye safety.
Methods
A comprehensive eye examination was conducted in 106 professional welders, which included assessment of several ocular and visual functions. The self-reported knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on potential health hazards and adherence to the safety measures were assessed in relation to the clinical observations.

Results

Possible radiation-induced DNA damages manifested in the form of corneal opacities (45%), and ambient light level effects in the form of several specific symptoms such as watery eyes (18%), sore eyes (20%), tired eyes (19%), and binocular double vision (4.7%) and after images (36.8%). Participants’ reported that their working site was fumy (60.4%) and dusty (59.4%) which presumably contributed to dry eyes (49%) and allergic conditions (2%).Other common ocular morbidities were lid disorders (57.5%), conjunctiva disorders (53%), cataract (16%) and posterior segment disorders (27%). Although, self-reported knowledge about the potential health hazards of welding was remarkable (84.6%), the safety practices were poor. With an increasing employment duration, however, welders became more careful with the safety practices(r=0.57).
Conclusion
A high prevalence of ocular and visual morbidity was observed along with a general tendency of avoiding the safety practices which are addressable by appropriate law enforcements, development of health insurance policies, and education.