bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Snow and meteorological conditions at Villum Research Station, Northeast Greenland: on the adequacy of using atmospheric reanalysis for detailed snow simulations
Authors: Krampe Daniela , Kauker Frank , Dumont Marie , Herber Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Reliable and detailed measurements of atmospheric and snow conditions in the Arctic are limited. While modern atmospheric reanalyses could potentially replace the former, the latter can be principally simulated by dedicated snow modelling. However, because the uncertainties of reanalyses and modelling are still exceptionally large at high latitudes, a thorough analysis of the performance of atmospheric reanalyses and the snow model simulations are required. Specifically, we aim to answer the following questions for Villum Research Station (VRS), northeast Greenland: (1) What are the predominant snow and meteorological conditions? (2) What are systematic differences between the modern atmospheric reanalysis ERA5 and in situ measurements? (3) Can the snow model Crocus simulate reliably snow depth and stratigraphy? We systematically compare atmospheric in situ measurements and ERA5 reanalysis (November 2015–August 2018) and evaluate simulated and measured snow depth (October 2014–September 2018). Moreover, modelled and measured vertical profiles of snow density and snow specific surface area (SSA) are analysed for two days where a survey had taken place. We found good agreement between in situ and ERA5 atmospheric variables with correlation coefficients &gt;0.84 except for precipitation, wind speed, and wind direction. ERA5’s resolution is too coarse to resolve the topography in the study area adequately, leading presumably to the detected biases. Crocus can simulate satisfactorily the evolution of snow depth, but simulations of SSA and density profiles, whether driven by ERA5 or in situ measurements are biased compared to measurements. Unexpectedly, measured snow depth agrees better with ERA5 driven simulation than with simulation forced with in situ measurements (explained variance: 0.73 versus 0.23). This is due to differences in snowfall, humidity and air temperature between both forcing datasets. In conclusion, ERA5 has great potential to force snow models but the use of Crocus in the Arctic is affected by limitations such as inappropriate parametrisations for Arctic snowpack evolution, but also by lack of process formulations such as vertical water vapour transport. These limitations strongly affect the accuracy of the vertical profiles of physical snow properties.
Serum uric acid: creatinine ratio (UCR) is associated with recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation
Authors: Zhang Yujiao , Wang Yanxin , Yang Xuesong , Li Zhan , Shang Luxiang , Hou Yinglong 
Published: May 2023

Background and aimsStudies showed that elevated preoperative serum uric acid(SUA) levels are associated with recurrence of atrial fibrillation(AF) after catheter ablation. UA:creatinine ratio(UCR - UA normalised for renal function) has appeared as a new biomarker and is considered to reflect endogenous UA levels preferably because it eliminates the influence of renal function. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between UCR and recurrence of AF after catheter ablation.Methods and resultsA total of 233 consecutive patients with symptomatic, drug-refractory AF underwent catheter ablation. All participants underwent history-taking, physical examination and blood biochemistry analysis at baseline. After a mean follow-up of 23.99 ± 0.76 months, recurrence ratios for each UCR quartile (from lowest quartile to highest) were 10.9%, 23.6%, 23.6%, and 41.8%, respectively (P = 0.005). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that UCR was an independent predictor of AF recurrence (HR 1.217, 95%CI 1.008-1.468; P = 0.041). Subgroup analysis showed that UCR was associated with AF recurrence in paroxysmal AF (HR 1.426, 95% CI 1.092-1.8608; P = 0.009) and in male patients (HR 1.407, 95% CI 1.015-1.950; P = 0.04). A cut-off point of 4.475 for the UCR had sensitivity of 65.5% and specificity of 59.6% in predicting AF recurrence (P = 0.001).ConclusionOur results demonstrate that elevated preoperative UCR is associated with recurrence of AF after catheter ablation, and it indicate UCR maybe a predictive factor for the recurrence of AF.
Highlighting the novel effects of high-intensity interval training on some histopathological and molecular indices in the heart of type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Rami Mohammad , Rahdar Samane , Ahmadi Hekmatikar Amirhoseein , Awang Daud D. Maryama 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundType 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases in recent years and has become an important risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. The first goal is to reduce type 2 diabetes, and in the case of cardiovascular disease, the second goal is to reduce and manage that disorder.Materials and methodsThe rats were divided into 4 groups: Healthy Control (n=8), Diabetes Control (n=8), Diabetes Training (n=8), and Healthy Training (n=8). The protocol consisted of 8 weeks of High-intensity interval (5 sessions per week), where the training started with 80% of the peak speed in the first week, and 10% was added to this speed every week. To measure the level of B-catenin, c-MYC, GSK3B, and Bcl-2 proteins using the western blot method, cardiac pathological changes were measured using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson’s trichrome and PAS staining and apoptosis using the TUNEL method.FindingsHistological results showed that diabetes causes significant pathological hypertrophy, fibrosis, and severe apoptosis in heart tissue. HIIT training significantly reduced pathological hypertrophy and fibrosis in heart tissue, and the rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was greatly reduced. This research showed that diabetes disorder increases the levels of B-catenin and c-Myc proteins and causes a decrease in the expression of GSK3B and Bcl-2 proteins. After eight weeks of HIIT training, the levels of B-catenin and c-Myc proteins decreased significantly, and the levels of GSK3B and Bcl-2 proteins increased.ConclusionThis study showed that HIIT could be a suitable strategy to reduce cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic rats. However, it is suggested that in future studies, researchers should perform different intensities and exercises to promote exercise goals in type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Libido–sexual disorders and abandonment of injectable contraceptives among users of the Ivorian Association for Family Well-Being in Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Essis Esme Marie-Laure , Yeo Katienin Jeanne , Amalaman Djedou Martin , Konan Loukou Leandres , Bamba Iba , Coulibaly Koné S. Aminata , Kpebo D. Olga Denise , Orsot Tetchi , Delafosse Joseph , Aka Joseph 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe recent introduction of modern contraceptive methods in resource-limited countries is confronted with the occurrence of undesirable effects that hinder their use in the long term. This study conducted among the users of the Ivorian Association for Family Well-Being in Korhogo describes the libido–sexual problems associated with the discontinuation of injectable contraceptives in former users. The objective of the study was to identify the factors that led to the abandonment of injectable contraceptives among female users of the Ivorian Association for Family Well-Being in Korhogo between 2018 and 2019.Materials and methodsQualitative data were collected from 15 former users (24–38 years old) of injectable contraceptives duration of 2–3 months. Additional data were collected from five health workers aged 35–60 years. In-depth interviews were conducted to explore the experience with injectable contraceptives and reasons for discontinuation. Following data collection, audio-recorded data were transcribed, translated, and coded using thematic analysis through an inductive approach.ResultsSide effects identified as associated with injectable contraceptives include libido–sexual disorders, unusual bleeding, and weight gain. The most common reason for discontinuation were libido–sexual disorders, which impacted the households’ intimacy and provoked their abandonment or the change of contraceptive methods among injectable contraceptive users.ConclusionAdverse events were dominated by libido–sexual disorders, unusual bleeding, and weight gain leading to the abandonment or change of the contraceptive. These results suggest points of intervention for increasing continuation among users. This intervention should include training of health workers to investigate and manage adverse events related to the use of injectable contraceptives and the improvement of communication between health workers and users on adverse events of injectable contraceptive use.
Machine learning-based prognostic modeling of lysosome-related genes for predicting prognosis and immune status of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Wenhua , Wang Qianwen , Lu Junxia , Zhao Bin , Geng Yuqing , Wu Xiangwei , Chen Xueling 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Lysosomes are organelles that play an important role in cancer progression by breaking down biomolecules. However, the molecular mechanisms of lysosome-related genes in HCC are not fully understood.MethodsWe downloaded HCC datasets from TCGA and GEO as well as lysosome-related gene sets from AIMGO. After univariate Cox screening of the set of lysosome-associated genes differentially expressed in HCC and normal tissues, risk models were built by machine learning. Model effects were assessed using the concordance index (C-index), Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Additionally, we explored the biological function and immune microenvironment between the high- and low-risk groups, and analyzed the response of the high- and low-risk groups to immunotherapy responsiveness and chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, we explored the function of a key gene (RAMP3) at the cellular level.ResultsUnivariate Cox yielded 46 differentially and prognostically significant lysosome-related genes, and risk models were constructed using eight genes (RAMP3, GPLD1, FABP5, CD68, CSPG4, SORT1, CSPG5, CSF3R) derived from machine learning. The risk model was a better predictor of clinical outcomes, with the higher risk group having worse clinical outcomes. There were significant differences in biological function, immune microenvironment, and responsiveness to immunotherapy and drug sensitivity between the high and low-risk groups. Finally, we found that RAMP3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells and correlated with the sensitivity of HCC cells to Idarubicin.ConclusionLysosome-associated gene risk models built by machine learning can effectively predict patient prognosis and offer new prospects for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in HCC. In addition, cellular-level experiments suggest that RAMP3 may be a new target for the treatment of HCC.
Using reproductive hormones extracted from archived muscle tissue to assess maturity and reproductive status in porbeagles Lamna nasus
Authors: Anderson Brooke N. , Kaloczi Juliana , Holden Courtney , Einig Amanda , Donaldson Linda , Malone Hunter , Passerotti Michelle S. , Natanson Lisa J. , Bowlby Heather D. , Sulikowski James A. 
Published: May 2023

While lethal sampling can be the most effective technique to collect critical reproductive data for elasmobranchs, non-lethal techniques need to be validated for future use. Concentrations of reproductive hormones in plasma and muscle have been found to correlate to sexual maturity and/or reproductive cycles in oviparous as well as yolk-sac, placental, and histotrophic viviparous elasmobranchs, offering a potentially non-lethal technique to study reproduction. However, reproductive hormone analysis is scant for oophagous sharks. This study utilized muscle tissues from porbeagles Lamna nasus that were dissected for other life history studies and were stored frozen for up to 37 years to quantify testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) concentrations in relation to previously-known maturity and reproductive stage. A total of 207 samples (92 males, 115 females) from porbeagles ranging in size from 80 to 256.5 cm fork length were analyzed. Muscle T and E2 concentrations were related to maturity and reproductive stage in porbeagles, with the highest T concentrations found in mature males during the spermatogenic season (summer) and the highest E2 concentrations found in gravid females. These results suggest muscle hormone concentrations have the potential to serve as a non-lethal proxy of reproductive stage in oophagous sharks. This study also demonstrates the value of specimen sharing and the potential for continued use of stored vertebral muscle tissue for reproductive hormone analysis in order to optimize the amount of data gained from biological samples. Future use of these methods would be particularly valuable for threatened species for which lethal sampling is restricted.
ACDC: a general approach for detecting phenotype or exposure associated co-expression
Authors: Queen Katelyn , Nguyen My-Nhi , Gilliland Frank D. , Chun Sung , Raby Benjamin A. , Millstein Joshua 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundExisting module-based differential co-expression methods identify differences in gene-gene relationships across phenotype or exposure structures by testing for consistent changes in transcription abundance. Current methods only allow for assessment of co-expression variation across a singular, binary or categorical exposure or phenotype, limiting the information that can be obtained from these analyses.MethodsHere, we propose a novel approach for detection of differential co-expression that simultaneously accommodates multiple phenotypes or exposures with binary, ordinal, or continuous data types.ResultsWe report an application to two cohorts of asthmatic patients with varying levels of asthma control to identify associations between gene co-expression and asthma control test scores. Results suggest that both expression levels and covariances of ADORA3, ALOX15, and IDO1 are associated with asthma control.ConclusionACDC is a flexible extension to existing methodology that can detect differential co-expression across varying external variables.
Long-term high-altitude exposure influences task-related representations in visual working memory
Authors: Bao Xiaohua , Zhang Delong , Li Xiaoyan , Liu Ming , Ma Hailin 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveHuman working memory is impaired when individuals are exposed to high altitudes, however, whether the capacity of visual working memory is affected remains unclear. This study combined a lateralized change detection task and event-related potentials analysis to explore changes in visual working memory capacity among individuals who emigrated from a low-altitude environment to Tibet (a high-altitude environment).Materials and methodsThirty-five college students were recruited from Tibet University as the high-altitude (HA) group, and thirty-six low-altitude (LA) students were enrolled from South China Normal University (sea level) as the LA group. We measured participants' contralateral delay activity (CDA) under different memory loads.ResultsERP component analysis showed that both the HA and LA groups reached an asymptote at memory load four. However, the contralateral and ipsilateral activity of the HA and LA groups shows different patterns. The results showed a significantly larger contralateral activity for the LA group than for the HA group at memory load one (p = 0.04, Cohen's d = 0.52) and load three (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.61). Additionally, we found marginally larger contralateral activity at memory load four for the LA group (p = 0.06, Cohen's d = 0.47), but not at memory load two (p = 0.10) or load five (p = 0.12). No significant differences were observed for ipsilateral activity. In addition, we observed that the HA group performed larger ipsilateral activity than contralateral activity under each memory load, compared with the LA group.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated that the attentional resource of long-term HA exposure is more captured by task-irrelevant information, potentially due to impaired inhibitory control, which makes it difficult for them to exclude the interference of task-irrelevant information.
Stress hyperglycemia as a modifiable predictor of futile recanalization in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Merlino Giovanni , Pez Sara , Sartor Roberto , Kuris Fedra , Tereshko Yan , Nesi Lorenzo , Lorenzut Simone , Janes Francesco , Sponza Massimo , Gavrilovic Vladimir , Marotti Nicola , Pellegrin Andrea , Dapoto Annarita , Vit Alessandro , Pauro Alessandro , Gigli Gian Luigi , Valente Mariarosaria 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionMechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the first line treatment in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). Approximately half of patients treated with MT does not have a favorable outcome 3 months after stroke. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of futile recanalization (FR) in patients with LVO treated with MT.MethodsA retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO who underwent MT. Patients with a TICI score of 2b or 3 were included. We distinguished two groups, FR and meaningful recanalization (MR), according to patients' disability three months after stroke (FR: mRS score &gt; 2; MR: mRS score &lt; 2).ResultsWe enrolled 238 patients (FR, n = 129, 54.2%; MR, n = 109, 45.8%). Age (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09, p = 0.012), female sex (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.12–5.30, p = 0.025), stress hyperglycemia, as measured by the GAR index, (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.29, p = 0.002), NIHSS at admission (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.07–1.25, p = 0.001) and time from symptoms onset to MT (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, p = 0.020) were independent predictors of FR. The AUC for the model combining age, female sex, GAR index, NIHSS at admission and time from symptoms onset to MT was 0.81 (95% CI 0.76–0.87; p &lt; 0.001). The optimal GAR index cut-off score to predict FR was 17.9.DiscussionFR is common after MT. We recognized older age, female sex and baseline NIHSS as non-modifiable predictors of FR. On the other hand, time from symptoms onset to MT and stress hyperglycemia were modifiable pre- and post-MT factors, respectively. Any effort should be encouraged to reduce the impact of these modifiable predictors.
Incidence of tuberculosis and its predictors among under-five children with severe acute malnutrition in North Shoa, Amhara region, Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study
Authors: Aynalem Yared Asmare , Getacher Lemma , Ashene Yonatan Eshete , Yirga Akalu Tadesse , Yideg Yitbarek Getachew , Yeshanew Ayele Fanos , Aklilu Dawit , Marfo Emmanuel Akwasi , Alene Tamiru , Shibabaw Shiferaw Wondimeneh 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionAlthough tuberculosis (TB) is one of the significant public health challenges in severely malnourished children throughout the globe, it is a severe issue for countries such as Ethiopia, with significant resource limitations. Few studies have examined the incidence of tuberculosis and its predictors among children under five years of age with severe acute malnutrition in developing countries, and there is a paucity of data. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of tuberculosis and its predictors among under-five children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in North Shoa, Amhara region, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted between January 20, 2017, and June 20, 2019. The sample size was calculated using STATA, which yields a total of 345 charts that were selected with systematic random sampling. Data entry was performed using Epi-data version 4.2 and analyzed with STATA 14. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were computed. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to detect the determinants of tuberculosis. The hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval was subsequently calculated. Variables with p-values &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe incidence rate of tuberculosis among children under five years of age with SAM was 4.6 per 100 person-day observations (95% CI: 3.29, 8.9). Predictors of TB were a history of contact with known TB cases [AHR: 1.4 (95% CI: 1.00, 2.8], HIV/AIDS [AHR: 3.71 (95% CI: 2.10, 8.71)], baseline pneumonia [AHR: 2.10 (1.76,12)], not supplying zinc at baseline [AHR: 3.1 (1.91, 4.70)], and failed appetite taste at the diagnosis of SAM [AHR: 2.4 (1.35, 3.82)].ConclusionsIn this study, the incidence rate of TB was high. Not supplying zinc at baseline, failed appetite taste at the diagnosis of SAM, history of contact with known TB cases, and baseline pneumonia were significant predictors of TB. Prioritizing regular TB screenings, nutritional support, and zinc supplementation for under-five children with SAM should be implemented to reduce the risk of TB.
Case report: “Major fetal cardiac pathology associated with a novel CTNND1 mutation”
Authors: Zhao Xuliang , Li Xu , Sun Weiwei , Wei Zhuojun , Yu Min , Zhang Man , Tian Ruixia 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe p120-ctn protein, encoded by CTNND1, is involved in intercellular connections and regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transformation. CTNND1 mutations can lead to blepharocheilodontic syndrome (BCDS). Increasing evidence shows that although BCDS mainly manifests as craniofacial and oral deformities, it can also present as congenital heart disease, limb deformities, and neurodevelopmental disorders.Case descriptionWe report a prenatal case of a major cardiac malformation at 24+3 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound examination revealed a hypoplastic left ventricular, aortic coarctation, and a ventricular septal defect. Genetic analysis of the fetal tissues showed the presence of a novel mutation in CTNND1 (NM_001085458.2: c.566_c.567insG; p.Pro190fs*15), which may lead to premature termination of protein coding, while both the parents harbored wild-type CTNND1. To date, only 15 CTNND1 mutations have been reported in 19 patients worldwide, of which approximately 31% (6/19) had a cardiac phenotype.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of fetal complicated cardiac malformations caused by this CTNND1 mutation. Our findings provide new clinical references for prenatal diagnosis and suggest an important role for CTNND1 in early cardiac development.