bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of birth preparedness and complication readiness and associated factors among reproductive age women in Wonago district, Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mathewos Nebiyou , Shaka Mohammed Feyisso , Tesfaye Solomon Hailemariam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Pregnancy related complications cannot be reliably predicted. Hence, it is particularly important that all births are planned as well as attended by skilled attendants as timely management and treatment can make the difference between life and death.This study was aimed to assess the current status of birth preparedness and complication readiness in Wonago district, Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia from May 01-27, 2017
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was employed using multi-stage sampling technique to recruit a total of 462 women. Interview was done using semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire. A woman was considered prepared for birth and its complications if at least three of the five items (Identify place of delivery, saving money for childbirth, identify a mode of transport, identifying a potential blood donor, skilled provider at birth) were identified by the women Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was also done to assess factors independently associated with the outcome variable.
Result: Among the total 459 respondents, 130(28.3 %%) of them identified their place of birth, 298(64.9%) had saved money, 85(18.5%) had identified a skilled provider, 145(31.6%) had arranged a mode of transportation and 8(1.7%) of them prepared a blood donor in case of emergency before partum. Only 73(15.9%) women were well prepared for birth and its complications as per the recommendation. Regarding pregnancy related risks, 122(26.6%), 114(24.8%) and 73(16%) of them had good knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy, labour and post-partum periods respectively. Antenatal care follow up, knowledge of key danger signs during labour and husband’s income were significantly associated with birth preparedness practice.
Conclusion: This study revealed a very low practice of birth preparedness (15.9%) in the area with better preparedness in identifying place of birth. Community based education about birth preparedness with special emphasis on knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy, labour and postpartum periods and associated factors is needs further emphasis.
Water quality parameters as early warning indicators in earthquake risk management: A case of study Mount Kinabalu in the district of Ranau, Sabah in Malaysia
Authors: Anuar Aznah , Ros Faizah Che , Ghalehteimouri Kamran Jafarpour 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
On June 5, 2015, a 6.0 magnitude earthquake shook Mount Kinabalu in the region of Ranau, Sabah. By integrating and increasing synergies among the components of effective early warning systems, impact-based forecasting and warning services aim to bridge the gap between warning information producers and users. This study evaluates the water quality of the Liwagu River, which is located in the earthquake zone of the 2015 Ranau Earthquake, to see if it may be used as an early warning indicator for earthquake risk management in the area. From 2013 to 2019, data on 11 parameters was gathered and recorded monthly to assess their impact on water quality before, during, and after the 2015 Ranau earthquake. This is done by computing the mean value for each water quality parameter for the whole year under normal conditions, as well as for a set period before and after the June 2015 Ranau earthquake. The data is tabulated and projected onto a graph to look for any patterns, and it can be seen that some parameters, such as Aluminum, Color, Dissolved Oxygen, Iron, Manganese, Nitrate, and Turbidity, showed clear patterns. Data from the aforementioned parameters were then fitted to any seismic activities on relevant dates and tested using mathematical and computational methods to predict an event, in this case, an earthquake. By making time-based modifications to the model inputs, which are the water quality parameters that show promising patterns after screening, a mathematical model is utilized to forecast earthquakes. To accurately calculate a dynamic system reaction to water quality data, a NonLinear AutoRegresive with the eXogenous model is first identified (NLARX). All parameters must fulfill at least 89% of the best-fit data for modeling and validation. As a result, the formulated model based on all factors can be utilized as an early warning system for earthquake prediction in the future with high confidence, limited to the parameters and the area.
Effect of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning on Prediction of Hip Fracture Risk: Systematic Review
Authors: Cha Yonghan , Kim Jung-Taek , Kim Jin-Woo , Lee Sang Yeob , Yoo Jun-Il , Seo Sung Hyo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Worldwide, 158 million people over the age of 50 are estimated to have high risk of osteoporotic fractures. It is important to prevent the occurrence of primary fractures by diagnosing and treating osteoporosis at an early stage. Dual energy absorptiometry (DEXA) is one of the preferred modality for screening or diagnosis of osteoporosis and can predict the risk of hip fracture to some extent. However, the DEXA test may be difficult to implement easily in some developing countries and fractures have been observed before patients underwent DEXA. The purpose of this systematic review is to search for studies that predict the risk of hip fracture using AI or ML, organize the results of each study, and analyze the usefulness of this technology.
Methods: PubMed Central, OVID Medline, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and AHRQ databases were searched to identify relevant studies published up to June 2022 with English language restriction. The following search terms were used ("hip fractures"[MeSH Terms] OR ("hip"[All Fields] AND "fractures"[All Fields]) OR "hip fractures"[All Fields] OR ("hip"[All Fields] AND "fracture"[All Fields]) OR "hip fracture"[All Fields]) AND ("artificial intelligence"[MeSH Terms] OR ("artificial"[All Fields] AND "intelligence"[All Fields]) OR "artificial intelligence"[All Fields]).
Results: 7 studies are included in this study. The total number of subjects included in the 7 studies was 330,099. There were 3 studies that included only women, and 4 studies included both men and women. One study conducted AI training after 1:1 matching between fractured and non-fractured patients. The AUC of AI prediction model for hip fracture risk was 0.39–0.96. The accuracy of AI prediction model for hip fracture risk was 70.26–90%.
Conclusion: We believe that predicting the risk of hip fracture by the AI model will help select patients with high fracture risk among osteoporosis patients. However, in order to apply the AI model to the prediction of hip fracture risk in clinical situations, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of the dataset and AI model and use it after performing appropriate validation.
Brief Discussion on the Mathematics Behind Extinctions A Detailed Statistical Assay on the Population Density of Northern White Rhinoceros
Authors: Choudhury Manan Roy , Banerjee Ishan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Species extinctions have been a significant part in disturbing the biodiversity. This creates an importance in trying to simulate the populations of the species of interest to get an idea when its population looks threateningly low. We will try to get an idea regarding the mathematics working behind the prediction of the extinction time of a creature. We will briefly overview the associated ideas and how the predictions work mathematically. We will also take a real - life example to understand the idea better. A detailed statistical assay is being carried out using deterministic and non-deterministic approaches to study the Northern White Rhinoceros population curve. Probability heuristics is used along with its terminologies to analyze the extinction of Northern White Rhinoceros.
Role of adrenal venous sampling in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome with bilateral adrenal mass
Authors: An Xingxing , Chen Tao , Mo Dan , Wu Nianwei , Shen Sikui , Zhang Dan , Zhang Tingting , Tian Haoming , Li Yuanmei , Li Jianwei , Zhu Yuchun , Ren Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The diagnosis and management of corticotropin-independent Cushing’s syndrome (AICS) with bilateral adrenal mass remain challenging. Some studies have explored the value of adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in patients with AICS; however, more investigations are needed to assess its benefits for diagnosis and treatment planning in this population.
Methods: Ten patients with imaging and biochemical evidence of AICS received AVS at our institution from 2017-2021, and their data, including demographics, laboratory results, adrenal mass and clinical characteristics, were analyzed. Serum cortisol and plasma aldosterone concentrations of the adrenal vein and inferior vena cava were measured. AVS-guided adrenalectomy was performed. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the adrenal tissues were analyzed. The prognosis was evaluated based on symptomatic improvement, serum cortisol normalization or both.
Results: Bilateral adrenal mass were noted via computed tomography imaging in ten patients. The mean (± SD) maximal diameter of the adrenal mass was 1.84±0.93 cm (0.4-3.4 cm). Blood samples were successfully collected from both adrenal veins and inferior vena cava in seven patients, with lateralization index values ranging from 1.00-3.38. Blood from the right adrenal vein was not collected in three patients; instead of the lateralization index, their left adrenal vein to inferior vena cava cortisol gradient was analyzed. The AVS and postoperative pathological results were consistent. During the mean follow-up of 45.7 months, all ten patients achieved clinical improvement.
Conclusion: Our study suggested that AVS helps distinguish unilateral disease from bilateral disease and localize autonomous hypercortisolism glands, thereby improving therapeutic strategy selection for patients with AICS and bilateral adrenal mass.
Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus and other glycemic traits with the risk of NAFLD
Authors: Guo Ziwei , Kong Deming , Du Hongbo , Yun Zhangjun , Zhang Jiaxin , Li Xiaoke , Ye Yong'an 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Extensive observational evidence has proposed an association between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the causal relationship between these two diseases requires further investigation. Therefore, we assessed the potential causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM and other glycaemic traits using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).We selected fasting insulin, T2DM, fasting glucose and Hemoglobin A1c(Hb1Ac) from meta-analyses of four genome-wide association studies (GWASs). GWAS data for NAFLD were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. MR analysis was accomplished using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median (WM) method, and MR-Egger regression analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy.The results showed that only fasting insulin and T2DM were significantly causally related to the risk of NAFLD when combined with the FinnGen consortium [fasting insulin, odds ratio (OR): 9.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.66–34.16; P = 0.0005, T2DM :OR: 1.20; 95% CI 1.00- 1.45; P = 0.0497]. No significant association was observed between fasting glucose and HbA1c and the risk of NAFLD.This study supports the independent causal role of fasting insulin and T2DM in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, both of which are risk factors for the development of NAFLD.
FNDC5/irisin mediates hallmark brain alterations and cognitive impairment in acute intestinal injury/disease
Authors: Tan Yafang , Chen Ye , Bai Yiping , Zhang Shun , Yang Chengjie , Feng Jianguo , Jia Jing , Wang Xiaobin , Zhou Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury is a highly-lethal clinical problem and communication between intestine-brain axis is vital. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying the changes are yet unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether FNDC5/irisin plays a role in the progressive cerebral injury and cognitive deficit following II/R and reveal the mechanisms. Herein, the II/R-treated FNDC5/irisin knockout mice models demonstrated that FNDC5/irisin deficiency aggravates cognitive deficit, the pro-inflammation microglia activation, oxidative injury, inflammatory response, and neuronal apoptosis, while recombinant FNDC5/irisin promotes the beneficial phenotype polarization of microglia and improves the 7-day survival rate, cognitive deficit, and cerebral injury after II/R. Mechanistically, TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway was activated in the II/R-induced cerebral injury and was deteriorated in FNDC5/irisin knockout mice. However, supplementing with recombinant FNDC5/irisin suppressed the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway. The in vitro results showed that FNDC5/irisin promotes the M2 microglial phenotype in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated BV2 cells, thereby alleviating the LPS-induced neurotoxic effects of BV2 cells on hippocampal HT22 neurons. Furthermore, the overexpression of TXNIP abolished the recombinant FNDC5/irisin-mediated improvements, in vivo and in vitro. These data provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of II/R-induced cerebral injury and cognitive deficit, and defined FNDC5/irisin as a promising therapeutic target for improving II/R-mediated acute neuropsychiatric phenotypes.
Extracellular vesicle-associated microRNA signatures related to vascular invasion in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shimada Yoshihisa , Yoshioka Yusuke , Kudo Yujin , Mimae Takahiro , Miyata Yoshihiro , Adachi Hiroyuki , Ito Hiroyuki , Okada Morihito , Ohira Tatsuo , Ochiya Takahiro , Ikeda Norihiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Vascular invasion (VI) is a fundamental step toward the spread of cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) promote cellular communication by shuttling cargo, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). However, whether EV-associated miRNAs serve as biomarkers for VI remains unclear. This study aimed to identify EV-associated miRNAs related to VI and validate the miRNA levels from patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Blood samples were collected from patients undergoing pulmonary resection for stage I LADC before surgery. The patients were classified into three groups according to the presence of VI and postoperative recurrence. Serum-derived EVs in the derivation cohort were used for small RNA sequencing, while the selected VI miRNA candidates were validated via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using 44 patient and 16 healthy donor samples as the validation cohorts. Five miRNAs (miR-99b-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-365b-3p) were assessed, and miR-30d-5p (p = 0.036) levels were significantly downregulated in the VI-positive group. MiR-30d-5p levels in healthy donors were lower than those in LADC patients. Patients with high miR-30d-5p levels had favorable survival compared to those with low miR-30d-5p levels. MiR-30d-5p level in EVs may serve as a promising biomarker for detecting VI in patients with early-stage LADC.
Investigation of the inverse problem for the Arrhenius equation using the example of thermal degradation of spongin-based scaffolds
Authors: Żółtowska Sonia , Ciałkowski Michał , Alejski Krzysztof , Jesionowski Teofil 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

A mathematical description of the thermal degradation of spongin-based scaffolds is given. The Arrhenius integral was evaluated using the inverse problem approach, in which the unknown values were the activation energy EA, the pre-exponential factor A, and the model function f(α) characterizing the physical process. The form of f(α) was determined and the values of the parameters EA, A and TS were evaluated in detail. Moreover, the function f(α) assessed in this study was compared with classical solid-state model functions. Finally, the mean square minimization approach was used to solve the inverse problem with unknown function f(α) and pre-exponential constant A. Likewise, the approximation of f(α) with 6th- and 7th-degree polynomials was used to obtain numerical values of EA and A. This study evaluated the inverse problem approach for the Arrhenius equation. These investigations provide new insight into the description of the thermal degradation of spongin-based scaffolds.
Internet nursing guidance can help prevent lymphedema of affected upper limb after breast cancer surgery
Authors: Chen Rui , Wang Rongrong , Yao Jia , Yang Li , Xu Haiping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Lymphedema is a serious complication due to its physical and psychological effects on women having breast cancer surgery. Lymphedema can not be totally cured; therefore, early prevention is particularly crucial. This study was performed to examine whether adequate internet nursing guidance can help prevent the occurrence of affected upper limb lymphedema in breast cancer patients after surgery.
Methods: Female patients diagnosed with breast cancer and accepted normal breast and nodal surgery were enrolled at a single institution from January 2020 to July 2021. Univariate analysis was employed to determine the factors associated with lymphedema of affected upper limb. Significant factors (defined as P < 0.05) were then incorporated into multivariate logistic regression models to assess the independent influencing factors.
Results: The analysis revealed that the independent influencing factors between lymphedema and non-lymphoedema patients were BMI, type of axillary surgery, place of residence, radiotherapy, and frequency of receiving internet nursing guidance.
Conclusion: Receiving adequate internet nursing guidance will help prevent lymphedema and can be recommended for patients after breast cancer surgery.
Young and undamaged recombinant albumin alleviates T2DM by improving hepatic glycolysis through EGFR and protecting islet β cells in mice
Authors: Liu Hongyi , Ju Anji , Dong Xuan , Luo Zongrui , Tang Jiaze , Ma Boyuan , Fu Yan , Luo Yongzhang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Albumin is the most abundant protein in serum and serves as a transporter of free fatty acids (FFA) in blood vessels. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, the reduced serum albumin level is a risk factor for T2DM development and progression, although this conclusion is controversial. Moreover, there is no study on the effects and mechanisms of albumin administration to relieve T2DM. We examined whether the administration of young and undamaged recombinant albumin can alleviate T2DM in mice.
Methods
The serum albumin levels and metabolic phenotypes including fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance tests, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion were studied in db/dbmice or diet-induced obesity mice treated with saline or young, undamaged, and ultrapure rMSA. Apoptosis assays were performed at tissue and cell levels to determine the function of rMSA on islet β cell protection. Metabolic flux and glucose uptake assays were employed to investigate metabolic changes in saline-treated or rMSA-treated mouse hepatocytes and compared their sensitivity to insulin treatments.
Results
In this study, treatment of T2DM mice with young, undamaged, and ultrapure recombinant mouse serum albumin (rMSA) increased their serum albumin levels, which resulted in a reversal of the disease including reduced fasting blood glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance, increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and alleviated islet atrophy. At the cellular level, rMSA improved glucose uptake and glycolysis in hepatocytes. Mechanistically, rMSA reduced the binding between CAV1 and EGFR to increase EGFR activation leading to PI3K-AKT activation. Furthermore, rMSA extracellularly reduced the rate of fatty acid uptake by islet β-cells, which relieved the accumulation of intracellular ceramide, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. This study provided the first clear demonstration that injections of rMSA can alleviate T2DM in mice.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that increasing serum albumin levels can promote glucose homeostasis and protect islet β cells, which alleviates T2DM.
Effect of dietary protein, vitamin E, and vitamin C levels on the growth and gonad development of hybrid male abalone (Haliotis fulgens ♂×H. discus hannai ♀) by the orthogonal array design
Authors: Wang Linyue , Yao Yanyu , Zhao Zhen , Li Lu , Gan Hanlin , Desouky Hesham , Wang Xuexi , Zhang Ziping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A natural feed of fresh seaweed and sixteen diets designed by L16 (43) orthogonal array were formulated to contain differentlevels of protein (200, 250 g, 300, 350 g/kg), α- Vitamin E (VE) (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 g/kg) and Vitamin E (VC) (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 g/kg) to evaluate the effects of dietary protein, VE, VC and their combination on growth and gonadal development of hybrid male abalone (Haliotis fulgens ♂×H. discus hannai ♀). Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 18 abalones (34.27±2.93 g) that were stocked in sea cages for eight weeks. Results showed that the maximum weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) were obtained in hybrid male abalone fed D10 diets. The highest gonad somatic index (GSI) value was found in the D14 diet. Moreover, the ANOVA results showed that only dietary protein could significantly affect the GSI of hybrid male abalones (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of vasa in the testis of D14 abalone was the lowest. Abalones fed the D14 diet had higher testosterone level and sperm in testis than those fed other diets. In conclusion, protein of 300 g/kg, VE of 0.1 g/kg and VC of 1.5 g/kg (D10) and protein of 350 g/kg, VE of 0.1 g/kg and VC of 1 g/kg (D14) might be the optimal combinations in the diet for growth and gonadal development of hybrid male abalones respectively.
CD3+/CD8+ Lymphocyte Intensity Score as Prognostic Predictor of Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Srini Samyuktha , Sree Saraswathy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Gastric Adenocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. The role of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes as an anti-tumor response has become increasingly evident. The Immunoscore System (IS), based on the quantification of CD8 + and CD3 + T-cell densities, demonstrates the prevalence of immune lymphocytic infiltrates in the center and margins of the tumor. We have used IS to evaluate the immune status and prognosis of patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma.
Methods
This retrospective study consisted of fifty histopathological samples of Gastrectomies. Immunohistochemistry with CD3 + and CD8 + antibodies in center and invasive margin of tumor was analyzed to quantify the T-cell densities. Ratio of CD3+/CD8 + was obtained and Intensity Score was calculated, which was correlated with several clinicopathological characteristics and survival time.
Results
A significant co-relation between Immunoscore and histopathological characteristics of tumor and survival time was not obtained. This could be attributed to the higher stages of disease in our center and the distinct tumor micro environment and immune status in gastric carcinomas.
Conclusion
With a larger cohort study including biopsies along with digital software, more significance of IS in gastric cancers can be brought out. Fine tuning and validation of the manual method devised in this study might prove to be a cost-effective method for assessment of tumor immune status in other organs, and in initial diagnostic biopsies of cancers, which could help in planning neoadjuvant therapies. The adjunct practice of immunoscoring is set to play a significant role in the context of individualized immune therapy, in the future.