bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust cooperative train trajectory optimization with stochastic delays under virtual coupling
Authors: Wang Pengling , Zhu Yongqiu , Zhu Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVirtual coupling technology was recently proposed in railways, which separates trains by a relative braking distance (or even shorter distance) and moves trains synchronously to increase capacity at bottlenecks. This study proposes a real‐time cooperative train trajectory planning algorithm for coordinating train movements under virtual coupling by considering stochastic initial delays. The algorithm uses mixed‐integer programming models to estimate the delay propagation among trains, detect feasible coupled‐running locations, and optimize the trajectories of the two trains such that they coordinate their speeds to achieve energy‐efficient, punctual movements, as well as a safe coupled‐running process. A robust optimization method is proposed to capture the stochastic delays as an uncertainty set, which is reformulated to its dual problem. Case studies of planning train trajectories for the classical virtual‐coupling scenario suggest that (1) the coupled‐running distance is greatly affected by the coordination of train timetables, delays, and safe separation constraints at switches; (2) the coordination of train movements for a coupled‐running process imposes extra energy costs; and (3) the proposed method can detect feasible coupled‐running locations and produce cooperative speed profiles in short computational times.
Retracted: Optimization of E‐commerce platform marketing method and comment recognition model based on deep learning and intelligent blockchain
Authors: Cheng Tao , Li Lianjiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRetraction: [Tao Cheng, Lianjiang Li, Optimization of E‐commerce platform marketing method and comment recognition model based on deep learning and intelligent blockchain, IET Software 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2.12117)].The above article from IET Software, published online on 3 February 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Editor‐in‐Chief, Hana Chockler, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal’s peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
Modified models of radiation pressure instability applied to 10, 105, and 107 M⊙ accreting black holes
Authors: Śniegowska Marzena , Grzȩdzielski Mikołaj , Czerny Bożena , Janiuk Agnieszka 
Published: February 2023

Context. Some accreting black holes exhibit much stronger variability patterns than the usual stochastic variations. Radiation pressure instability is one of the proposed mechanisms that might account for this effect.
Aims. We model luminosity changes for objects with a black hole mass of 10, 105, and 107 solar masses, using the time-dependent evolution of an accretion disk that is unstable as a result of the dominant radiation pressure. We concentrate on the outburst timescales. We explore the influence of the hot coronal flow above the cold disk, the inner purely hot flow, and the effect of the magnetic field on the time evolution of the disk-corona system. For intermediate-mass black holes and active galactic nuclei, we also explore the role of the disk outer radius because a disk that is fed by tidal disruption events (TDE) can be quite small.
Methods. We used a 1D vertically integrated time-dependent numerical scheme that models the simultaneous evolution of the disk and corona, which is coupled by the vertical mass exchange. We parameterized the strength of the large-scale toroidal magnetic fields according to a local accretion rate. We also discuss a possible inner optically thin flow, the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF). This flow would require modification of the inner boundary condition of the cold disk flow. For the set of the global parameters, we calculated the variability timescales and outburst amplitudes of the disk and the corona.
Results. We found that the role of the inner ADAF and the accreting corona are relatively unimportant, but the outburst character strongly depends on the magnetic field and on the outer radius of the disk if this radius is smaller (due to the TDE phenomenon) than the size of the instability zone in a stationary disk with infinite radius. For microquasars, the dependence on the magnetic field is monotonic, and the period decreases with the field strength. For higher black hole masses, the dependence is nonmonotonic, and an initial rise of the period is later replaced with a relatively rapid decrease as the magnetic field continues to rise. A still stronger magnetic field stabilizes the disk. When we assumed a smaller disk outer radiusfor 105 and 107 M⊙, the outbursts were shorter and led to complex multiscale outbursts for some parameters, thus approaching the behavior of deterministic chaos.
Conclusions. Our computations confirm that the radiation pressure instability model can account for heartbeat states in microquasars. The rapid variability detected in intermediate-mass black holes in the form of quasi-periodic eruptions can be consistent with the model, but only when it is combined with the TDE phenomenon. The yearly repeating variability in changing-look active galactic nuclei in our model also requires a small outer radius either due to the recent TDE or due to the gap in the disk that is related to a secondary black hole.
Searching for the nature of stars with debris disks and planets
Authors: de la Reza R. , Chavero C. , Roca-Fàbrega S. , Llorente de Andrés F. , Cruz P. , Cifuentes C. 
Published: February 2023

The nature of the few known solar-mass stars simultaneously containing debris disks and planets remains an open question. A number of works have shown that this property appears to be independent of planetary masses as well as of stellar age, but possible correlations with stellar kinematics and metallicity have not been investigated. In this paper, we show that the majority of known stars containing both debris disks and planets belong to the metal-enriched Galactic thin disk. The few exceptions are stars that seem to be born in the star formation peak occurring in times of thick disk formation (i.e., HD 10700, HD 20794, and HD 40307), that is, between 11 and
8 Gyr. The mass of the dusty disk of these three old stars measured at 70 μm is very small - in fact, it is lower than that of the Kuiper belt of our Solar system by several orders of magnitude. These results are not surprising, as they remain within the values expected for the stellar disk evolution of such primitive stars. In parallel, we found another six thick-disk stars containing only debris disks or planets. These results enable us to establish a correlation between stellar metallicity and the mass of the dust disk modulated by the different formation epochs of the thick and thin Galactic disks.
Erfolgreiche Interventionelle Therapie eines Patienten mit nichtzirrhotischer nichtmaligner Pfortaderthrombose mit lokaler Lyse
Authors: Dannecker Frank David , Aschenbach Rene , Teichgräber Ulf , Reuken Phillipp , Stallmach Andreas , Zipprich Alexander 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie NCNMPT ist ein seltenes Krankheitsbild mit einer Prävalenz von 0,3%.
Therapie Patient (69 J.) mit NCNMPT und Dünndarmileus erhielt
eine interventionelle Therapie mittels transjugulärer lokaler Lyse in die V. mesenterica
superior.
Ergebnis/Diskussion Erfolgreiche Lyse mit kompletter Remission.
Verbesserte therapeutische Effektivität der interventionellen gegenüber der alleinigen
medikamentösen Therapie.
Transethosomes: A Promising Challenge for Topical Delivery Short
Title: Transethosomes for Topical Delivery
Authors: Adnan Mohammad , Haider Md. Faheem , Naseem Nazish , Haider Tanweer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSkin provides an excellent barrier to molecular transport, as the stratum corneum
is the most formidable barrier to the passage of most pharmaceuticals. Various
attempts have been made to improve drug administration into the body through
intact skin. Though very few routes are as attractive as the topical route, drug
transport through the skin is challenging. To overcome the challenges,
researchers have found a system in which the drug is encapsulated into the
vesicle, penetrating deeper into the skin to hit the target site. Vesicular
systems like transethosome, an ultra- deformable vesicle (UDV), tend to
accumulate in the skin layers. Since transethosomes have small particle size and
can easily alter the shape of vesicles compared to other vesicular systems, they
can penetrate through the layers of skin. Hence, the drug encapsulated into
transethosomes can easily reach the target site. Transethosomes consist of
ethanol and phospholipids along with an edge activator. Ethanol and edge
activator help to enhance the skin permeation of transethosomes. Various methods
of preparation of transethosomes, comparison of transethosomes with other lipid
vesicles, characterization of transethosomes, and application of transethosomes
have been covered in this review. Transethosomes can deliver a different variety
of drugs, such as anticancer, corticosteroids, proteins and peptides,
analgesics
Akute nekrotisierende Pankreatitis mit hämorrhagischem Schock bei sekundärer Milzruptur: Ein Fallbericht und Literaturübersicht
Authors: Kaiser Leon , Petzold Golo , Seif Amir Hosseini Ali , Ellenrieder Volker , Neesse Albrecht , Ammer-Herrmenau Christoph 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie atraumatische Milzruptur ist eine seltene Komplikation der akuten und chronischen Pankreatitis. Sie entsteht aufgrund ihrer anatomischen Nähe zum Pankreas, beispielsweise als Folge der Erosion großer Pseudozysten oder Walled-of-Nekrosen (WON).Im Folgenden beschreiben wir den Fall einer 62-jährigen Patientin, welche sich zur weiteren Diagnostik und Therapie einer akuten Pankreatitis mit Ausbildung einer großen Walled-of-Nekrose (WON) im Pankreaskorpus und -schwanz vorstellte. Im Verlauf entwickelte die Patientin einen hämorrhagischen Schock. Eine Notfall-Computertomografie (CT) des Abdomens zeigte eine Milzruptur mit großem Kapselhämatom ohne den Nachweis einer aktiven Blutung. Im Gegensatz zu bereits publizierten Fällen wurde die Patientin ausschließlich minimalinvasiv therapiert: mittels radiologisch gesteuerter langstreckiger Embolisation der Arteria lienalis und mittels endosonografisch angelegtem Lumen-apposing Metall Stent (LAMS). Das Kapselhämatom zeigte sich unter einer Watch-and-wait-Strategie ohne sekundäre Drainage regredient.
HPLC-UV/VIS for Determination of Ipratropium Bromide Mixed
with Salbuterol, Beclomethasone Propionate and Budesonide using Dual
Wavelength-Detection Method
Authors: Haihua Guo , Rui Zhang , Liangjun Deng , Meng Li , Sha Li , Suqing Zhao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Inhalation preparation involves liquid or solid raw materials
for delivering to lungs as aerosol or vapor. The liquid preparation for
nebulizer is effective for convenient use and patient compliance and it has been
extensively used in the treatment of clinical lung diseases. Clinical staff
often mixes the compound ipratropium bromide with beclomethasone propionate and
budesonide inhaler but reference values of inhalants for clinical use need to be
established for simplifying the operation procedure. The high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) method of compound ipratropium bromide solution,
beclomethasone propionate suspension and budesonide suspension after mixed
atomization was studied.
Methods The specificity, linearity, recovery (accuracy), precision and
stability of compound ipratropium bromide, beclomethasone propionate and
budesonide were tested to verify the developed liquid phase method.
Results The developed liquid phase method had high specificity, linear
R2≥0,999, recovery (accuracy) RSD (relative standard deviation) less
than 2%, precision RSD less than 2,0%, and stability RSD less
than 2,0%.
Conclusion The liquid phase methodology developed in this study can be
used for the determination of compound ipratropium bromide mixed with
beclomethasone propionate and budesonide. The current methodology can also be
used to provide a reference for the determination of its content after mixing,
and further data support for its clinical medication.
Prolonged patency of fully covered self-expandable metal stents with an externally anchored plastic stent in distal malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Chun Jung Won , Woo Sang Myung , Han Mira , Lee Min Woo , Choi Jin Ho , Cho In Rae , Paik Woo Hyun , Lee Woo Jin , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae , Lee Sang Hyub 
Published: February 2023

Background Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMSs) are widely used for endoscopic treatment of distal malignant biliary obstruction (dMBO). We aimed to assess the efficacy of anchoring an external plastic stent to an FCSEMS in dMBO.
Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed in patients with dMBO to compare stent patency between FCSEMSs and FCSEMSs with an externally anchored plastic stent (EPS). For external anchoring, a 7-Fr double-pigtail plastic stent (DPPS) was placed first in the bile duct, then an FCSEMS was deployed side-by-side.
Results Among a total of 185 patients, 65 had an FCSEMS alone and 120 had an FCSEMS with an EPS. The median stent patency was significantly longer in the FCSEMS with an EPS group than in the FCSEMS only group (342 vs. 240 days; P = 0.04). The rate of stent migration was significantly lower in the FCSEMS with an EPS group than in the FCSEMS only group (10.8 % vs. 27.7 %; P = 0.01). There were no significant differences in the rates of stent occlusion and adverse events between the two groups.
Conclusions A novel and simple technique of anchoring an external plastic stent may decrease the risk of FCSEMS migration and prolong stent patency, without significantly increasing the adverse events rate in dMBO.
Direct Amination of Benzylic Pinacol Boronates by an Aminoazanium
Authors: Liu Chao , Xu Jianeng , Qin Yucheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA practical stereospecific direct amination of benzylic pinacol boronates was achieved by using 4-amino-4-methylmorpholinium iodide as a new amination reagent and cesium carbonate as the base. After amination, an in situ reductive N-alkylation with an aldehyde proceeded well to produce secondary amines.
Giant Coronary Aneurysm with Coronary-Pulmonary Artery Fistula in a Jehovah's Witness
Authors: Hirofuji Aina , Furugen Azusa , Kamada Takeshi , Yamazaki Kenji , Kamiya Hiroyuki , Doi Hirosato 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith an incidence of 3 in 100 million, giant coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) with coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a very rare condition. To prevent rupture, giant CAA with CAF should be swiftly treated. We present a Jehovah's Witness patient with giant CAA and coronary-pulmonary artery fistula. We resected the giant CAA in one piece, while ligating the CAF, without allogeneic blood transfusion. Due to rarity of these conditions, many thoracic surgeons lack direct experience in its surgical procedures. Herein, we share footage of this surgery as an example of how to safely resect CAA with minimal bleeding.
Smoking Cessation for Preoperative Optimization
Authors: Vu Joceline V. , Lussiez Alisha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCigarette smoking is associated with pulmonary and cardiovascular disease and confers increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Smoking cessation in the weeks before surgery can mitigate these risks, and surgeons should screen patients for smoking before a scheduled operation so that appropriate smoking cessation education and resources can be given. Interventions that combine nicotine replacement therapy, pharmacotherapy, and counseling are effective to achieve durable smoking cessation. When trying to stop smoking in the preoperative period, surgical patients experience much higher than average cessation rates compared with the general population, indicating that the time around surgery is ripe for motivating and sustaining behavior change. This chapter summarizes the impact of smoking on postoperative outcomes in abdominal and colorectal surgery, the benefits of smoking cessation, and the impact of interventions aimed to reduce smoking before surgery.
Frailty Assessment and Prehabilitation as Part of a PeRioperative Evaluation and Planning (PREP) Program for Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Sharon Cimarron E. , Strohl Catherine , Saur Nicole M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrailty assessment and prehabilitation can be incrementally implemented in a multidisciplinary, multiphase pathway to improve patient care. To start, modifications can be made to a surgeon's practice with existing resources while adapting standard pathways for frail patients. Frailty screening can identify patients in need of additional assessment and optimization. Personalized utilization of frailty data for optimization through prehabilitation can improve postoperative outcomes and identify patients who would benefit from adapted care. Additional utilization of the multidisciplinary team can lead to improved outcomes and a strong business case to add additional members of the team.
Perioperative Assessment and Optimization in Major Colorectal Surgery: Medication Management
Authors: Kane William J. , Berry Puja Shah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe colorectal surgeon is often faced with medications that can be challenging to manage in the perioperative period. In the era of novel agents for anticoagulation and immunotherapies for inflammatory bowel disease and malignancy, understanding how to advise patients about these medications has become increasingly complex. Here, we aim to provide clarity regarding the use of these agents and their perioperative management, with a particular focus on when to stop and restart them perioperatively. This review will begin with the management of both nonbiologic and biologic therapies used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and malignancy. Then, discussion will shift to anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications, including their associated reversal agents. Upon finishing this review, the reader will have gained an increased familiarity with the management of common medications requiring modification by colorectal surgeons in the perioperative period.
Evaluation of Two-Dimensional (2D) versus Three-Dimensional (3D) Video Tutorials in Cataract Surgery for New Trainees
Authors: Zheng Yuxi , Hamdan Saif , Siktberg Jonathan , Barnett Jonathan , Groth Sylvia L. , Podoll Nathan , Wayman Laura , Lindsey Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose Microscopic ophthalmic surgery requires an understanding of three-dimensional (3D) spaces within the eye. Recently, there has been an increase in 3D video training tools in health care. Studies have evaluated the efficacy of 3D tutorials in general surgery, but little has been published within ophthalmology. We present a randomized study evaluating differences in surgically naïve trainees after watching either a 2D or 3D phacoemulsification tutorial.
Design This was a double-blind, randomized study. A group of third and fourth year medical students at our institution were randomized with stratified randomization based on prior surgical courses to control for differences in baseline surgical skill. The two study arms were watching 2D or 3D instructional videos on phacoemulsification (Richard Mackool).
Methods Participants received a preliminary survey and participated in an hour-long microscopic surgery session. During the session, participants performed tasks evaluating baseline microscopic spatial awareness and surgical skill. The students were then instructed to watch either a 2D or 3D video on phacoemulsification based on their randomized study arm. During the postintervention session, participants performed the biplanar incision and capsulorhexis steps of cataract surgery discussed in the video on model eyes. Students were evaluated on speed and overall capsulorhexis quality.
Results Thirty-one students qualified for the study and completed the microscopic surgery session. Students in both groups had similar baseline speed and quality of preintervention microscopic tasks (p > 0.05 for all tasks). Postintervention, students randomized to the 3D video performed significantly faster than the 2D group for biplanar incision (11.1 ± 5.5 s vs. 20.7 ± 10.5 s, p = 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences found between the groups in capsulorhexis timing (p = 0.12) or quality score (p = 0.60).
Conclusions 3D video surgical training tutorials may improve speed of certain steps of cataract surgery for surgically naïve ophthalmology trainees. Given the limited sample size of this study, further investigation of their effectiveness is warranted.
Combined Resection Approaches: Decision Making for Synchronous Resection, Timing of Staged Intervention to Optimize Outcome
Authors: Asai Megumi , Dobesh Kaitlyn D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdvancement in systemic and regional radiation therapy, surgical technique, and anesthesia has provided a path for increased long-term survival and potential cure for more patients with stage IV rectal cancer in recent years. When patients have resectable disease, the sequence for surgical resection is classified in three strategies: classic, simultaneous, or combined, and reversed. The classic approach consists of rectal cancer resection followed by metastatic disease at a subsequent operation. Simultaneous resection addresses both rectal and metastatic disease in a single surgery. The reversed approach treats metastatic disease first, followed by the primary tumor in several months. Simultaneous resection is appropriate for selected patients to avoid delay of definitive surgery, and reduce number of surgeries, hospital stay, and cost to the health care system. It may also improve patients' psychological effect. Multidisciplinary discussions including colorectal and liver surgeons to review patients' baseline medical conditions, tumor biology and behavior, and disease burden and distribution is imperative to guide proper patient selection for simultaneous resection and perioperative treatments.
Political Identity as Temporal Collapse: Ethiopian Federalism and Contested Ogaden Histories
Authors: Thompson Daniel K , Matshanda Namhla Thando 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Since the 1980s, analyses of African political identities have emphasized identity manipulation as a governance tool. In the Somali Horn of Africa, however, politicians’ efforts to reinvent identities confront rigid understandings of genealogical clanship as a key component of identity and political mobilization. This article explores how government efforts to construct a new ‘Ethiopian–Somali’ identity within Ethiopia’s ethnic-federal system are entangled with attempts to reinterpret clan genealogies and histories. We focus on efforts to revise the history of clans within the broader Ogaden Somali clan group and trace the possibilities and limits of these revisions in relation to legacies of colonialism as well as popular understandings of Ogaden identity. Drawing on fieldwork and archival research, we show that political struggles over Somalis’ integration with Ethiopia orient around Somali clanship, but that clanship is not a mechanical tool of mobilization, as it is often portrayed. We suggest that genealogical relatedness does not equate to political loyalty, but genealogical discourse provides a framework by which various actors reinterpret contemporary events by collapsing history into the present to imbue clan, ethnic, and national identities with political significance.