bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The NLRP3 Inflammasome Works as a Sensor for Detecting Hypoactivity of the Mitochondrial Src Family Kinases
Authors: Sekiguchi Yuto , Takano Saya , Noguchi Takuya , Kagi Tomohiro , Komatsu Ryuto , Tan Maoko , Hirata Yusuke , Matsuzawa Atsushi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Gefitinib (GF), the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor, initiates lung inflammation through the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. However, the molecular targets and mechanisms underlying the inflammatory action of GF remain unknown. In this study, we identified mitochondrial Src family kinases (mSFKs) as key determinants of GF-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Comprehensive analysis of the TKIs revealed that all TKIs we tested act as potent agonists for the NLRP3 inflammasome in human monocytic THP-1 cells and bone marrow–derived macrophages. Moreover, these TKIs share a common off-target activity against the mSFKs, such as c-Src, Fgr, and Fyn. Interestingly, loss of each kinase spontaneously stimulated the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in THP-1 cells. These results together suggest that NLRP3 senses hypoactivity of the mSFKs that is responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, our findings demonstrate a mechanistic link between the NLRP3 inflammasome and mSFKs, which, to our knowledge, provides insights into a novel molecular basis and cellular function of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Consequences of rpoB mutations missed by the GenoType MTBDRplus assay in a programmatic setting in South Africa
Authors: Mvelase Nomonde R. , Cele Lindiwe P. , Singh Ravesh , Naidoo Yeshnee , Giandhari Jennifer , Wilkinson Eduan , De Oliveira Tulio , Swe Swe-Han Khine , Mlisana Koleka P. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Rifampicin resistance missed by commercial rapid molecular assays but detected by phenotypic assays may lead to discordant susceptibility results and affect patient management.Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the causes of rifampicin resistance missed by the GenoType MTBDRplus and its impact on the programmatic management of tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: We analysed routine tuberculosis programme data from January 2014 to December 2014 on isolates showing rifampicin susceptibility on the GenoType MTBDRplus assay but resistance on the phenotypic agar proportion method. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a subset of these isolates.Results: Out of 505 patients with isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis on the MTBDRplus, 145 (28.7%) isolates showed both isoniazid and rifampicin resistance on the phenotypic assay. The mean time from MTBDRplus results to initiation of drug-resistant tuberculosis therapy was 93.7 days. 65.7% of the patients had received previous tuberculosis treatment. The most common mutations detected in the 36 sequenced isolates were I491F (16; 44.4%) and L452P (12; 33.3%). Among the 36 isolates, resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs was 69.4% for pyrazinamide, 83.3% for ethambutol, 69.4% for streptomycin, and 50% for ethionamide.Conclusion: Missed rifampicin resistance was mostly due to the I491F mutation located outside the MTBDRplus detection area and the L452P mutation, which was not included in the initial version 2 of the MTBDRplus. This led to substantial delays in the initiation of appropriate therapy. The previous tuberculosis treatment history and the high level of resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs suggest an accumulation of resistance.
A historical survey of the African Neo-Pentecostals’ response to digital transformation
Authors: Orogun Daniel O. , Pillay Jerry 
Published: February 2023

The ongoing digital transformation (DT) in our world has not only brought change to secular systems but also to how things are done in the mission and ministry of the Christian faith. Although before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, some churches were interacting with DT, the post COVID-19 experience has shown that many more Christian organisations, especially, the African Neo-Pentecostal Churches (ANPC), have carved their niche in the digital space. With South Africa and Nigeria in view, this article investigated how the ANPC interacts with DT to improve missional work and the possible implications of doing so in the last 15 years. In the process, three strategies were applied. Firstly, a literature review and some online investigations were undertaken to articulate how the ANPC have engaged with DT in the past. Secondly, as a primary source, a quantitative empirical survey was conducted through data collection from 109 Neo-Pentecostal leaders to assess the current development in the use of digital technology (DTECH) by the ANPC. Thirdly, the article applied Albert Humphrey’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) framework to analyse the implications of the interaction. The outcome showed that the strengths and opportunities of digital interaction such as the wider and easier reach of audience, online training, online giving, improved sound and light technology and advertisements among others are helpful in missional assignments. Nevertheless, some observed Weaknesses and Threats need attention. Most importantly, the lesson from the findings is that ‘techno church’ practices come with gains; however, interaction with DT is not sufficient for missional services.Contribution: Aligning with HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies’s focus and scope, this article contributed to an interdisciplinary religious aspect of research as it brought forward the interactions of African Pentecostalism, Historical Theology and Information Technology.
Exercise dosage to facilitate the recovery of balance, walking, and quality of life after stroke
Authors: Amanzonwé Elogni R. , Tedesco Triccas Lisa , Codjo Léopold , Hansen Dominique , Feys Peter , Kossi Oyéné 
Published: February 2023

Background: Although aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) are recommended after stroke, the optimal dosage of these interventions and their effectiveness on balance, walking capacity, and quality of life (QoL) remain conflicting.Objective: Our study aimed to quantify the effects of different modes, dosages and settings of exercise therapy on balance, walking capacity, and QoL in stroke survivors.Methods: PubMed, CINHAL, and Hinari databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of AT and RT on balance, walking, and QoL in stroke survivors. The treatment effect was computed by the standard mean differences (SMDs).Results: Twenty-eight trials (n = 1571 participants) were included. Aerobic training and RT interventions were ineffective on balance. Aerobic training interventions were the most effective in improving walking capacity (SMD = 0.37 [0.02, 0.71], p = 0.04). For walking, capacity, a higher dosage (duration ≥ 120 min/week; intensity ≥ 60% heart rate reserve) of AT interventions demonstrated a significantly greater effect (SMD = 0.58 [0.12, 1.04], p = 0.01). Combined AT and RT improved QoL (SMD = 0.56 [0.12, 0.98], p = 0.01). Hospital located rehabilitation setting was effective for improving walking capacity (SMD = 0.57 [0.06, 1.09], p = 0.03) compared with home and/or community and laboratory settings.Conclusions: Our findings showed that neither AT nor RT have a significant effect on balance. However, AT executed in hospital-located settings with a higher dose is a more effective strategy to facilitate walking capacity in chronic stroke. In contrast, combined AT and RT is beneficial for improving QoL.Clinical implications: A high dosage of aerobic exercise, duration ≥ 120 min/week; intensity ≥ 60% heart rate reserve is beneficial for improving walking capacity.
Evaluation of Sampling and Concentration Methods for Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Detection from Wastewater
Authors: Zhou Nicolette , Ong Angelo , Fagnant-Sperati Christine , Harrison Joanna , Kossik Alexandra , Beck Nicola , Shirai Jeffry , Burnor Elisabeth , Swanstrom Rachael , Demeke Bethel , Patel Suhani , Scott Meschke John , _ _ 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT.
Salmonella enterica serovar (Salmonella Typhi) is the causative bacterial agent of typhoid fever. Environmental surveillance of wastewater and wastewater-impacted surface waters has proven effective in monitoring various pathogens and has recently been applied to Salmonella Typhi. This study evaluated eight sample collection and concentration methods with 12 variations currently being developed and used for Salmonella Typhi surveillance globally to better understand the performance of each method based on its ability to detect Salmonella Typhi and its feasibility. Salmonella Typhi strains Ty21a and Ty2 were seeded to influent wastewater at known concentrations to evaluate the following methods: grab sampling using electropositive filters, centrifugation, direct enrichment, or membrane filtration and trap sampling using Moore swabs. Concentrated samples underwent nucleic acid extraction and were detected and/or quantified via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results suggest that all methods tested can be successful at concentrating Salmonella Typhi for subsequent detection by qPCR, although each method has its own strengths and weaknesses, including the Salmonella Typhi concentration it is best suited for, with a range of positive detections observed as low as 0.1–0.001 colony-forming units (CFU) Ty21a/mL and 0.01 CFU Ty2/mL. These factors should be considered when identifying a method for environmental surveillance and will greatly depend on the use case planned.
Karakter Meristik dan Morfometrik Spesies Ikan Asing Invasif Parachromis managuensis (Günther 1867) di Waduk Penjalin, Brebes, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Putri Adinda Kurnia , Sari Lilik Kartika , Muslih Muslih , Fikriyya Nabela , Haryati Ani 
Published: February 2023

Ikan Jaguar, Parachromis managuensis merupakan ikan asing dari Famili Cichlidae yang berpotensi menjadi ikan invasif dan mengancam terjadinya penurunan sumberdaya ikan asli dan endemik di perairan Waduk Penjalin, Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi ikan P. managuensis berdasarkan karakter morfometrik dan meristiknya. Pada penelitian ini sebanyak 50 individu ikan P. managunesis dikumpulkan dari nelayan di Waduk Penjalin pada bulan November 2022 dan dianalisis 20 karakter morfometrik dan tujuh karakter meristiknya. Sebanyak 21 ikan berada pada stadia yuwana dan 29 adalah ikan dewasa yang dapat dikelompokkan mejadi tujuh kelas ukuran panjang. One-Way Anova, Analisis Kluster, Principal Component Analysis digunakan untuk menganalisis karakter morfometrik sedangkan uji Kruskal-Wallis digunakan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan karakter meristik berdasarkan kelas ukuran panjang. Hasil dari pengujian One-way Anova menunjukkan sebanyak 15 karakter morfometrik berbeda secara signifikan. Ikan pada kelas ukuran kecil (yuwana) dan besar (dewasa) dapat dibedakan berdasarkan karakter morfologi di bagian kepala yakni PoL (Panjang Postorbital), SnL (Panjang Moncong), HL (Panjang Kepala), dan PreDL (Panjang Sebelum Sirip Dorsal). Akan tetapi, karakter meristik menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan berdasarkan kelas ukuran panjang ikan.
“The Other/Own/Alien”: Paradoxes of Perception of Germans in the Russian Empire in the late 18th – early 20th centuries
Authors: Erokhina Olga V. , Zakharov Vitaly Y. 
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the problem of “the Other/Own/Alien” on the example of Germans and German colonists who arrived to Russian Empire in the late 18th – early 20th century at the invitation of the authorities. The material analyzed by the authors allowed revealing how the process of their transformation from “the Other” to “Stranger” took place. We have identified the socio-cultural, economic and political factors that influenced it. For various reasons, Germans came to the country where they had to adapt to new natural and climatic conditions, master the language, get acquainted with culture and traditions. In our opinion, long-term residence in the country and the gradual establishment of contacts with the local population contributed to the assimilation of Germans and transformation into “our kin”. This process took place much faster in an urban environment than in rural areas. However, foreign policy circumstances forced the Russian authorities to pursue an anti-German policy. This is reflected in periodicals and journalism. The desire of the Germans to preserve their language, culture and traditions, as well as the policy of the authorities, contributed to the formation of the image of the “Alien”.
The People Divided by the Border (Comparative Characteristics of Germans in Russia and Kazakhstan)
Authors: Smirnova Tatyana B. , Blinova Anna N. 
Published: February 2023

Germans who previously lived in the same state were separated by state borders after the collapse of the USSR. Living in newly independent States launched the processes of ethnic self-determination and adaptation to new socio-cultural and political conditions. Based on the results of ethnosociological surveys of the German population in Russia and Kazakhstan, we give a comparative characteristic of the identity of Germans in these countries. In general, the identity of Germans in the post-Soviet space has many common features, which are determined by the common historical fate, cultural and linguistic unity, the presence of support programs from Germany and the active activity of public organizations. The differences in the identity of the Germans of Russia and Kazakhstan are related to the peculiarities of national policy, including historical memory and the state language. The development of the identity of Kazakh Germans takes place in somewhat more difficult conditions, since in Kazakhstan the number of the German population has decreased almost fivefold over the years of independence (while the emigration potential is still high), and there are no areas of compact residence of Germans. In the sphere of ethno-linguistic processes, we have noted the presence of bilingualism and trilingualism of Germans in Russia and Kazakhstan and the decline in the popularity of learning German in school institutions. The special, specific features of this new identity are connected with the political and cultural realities of the new States.
Pension Fund Calculation Using Traditional and Projected Unit Credit Methods for Total Actuarial Liability and Normal Cost Cases
Authors: Daulay Syifa Nur Rasikhah , Hidayana Rizki Apriva , Halim Nurfadhlina Abdul 
Published: February 2023

The DSH Meat Kiosk is a kiosk that sells one of the foodstuffs, namely Beef. This DSH Meat Kiosk has been around for more than 20 years. However, as long as this kiosk is established, the manager still finds it difficult to analyze the profit from the sale. Therefore, this Profit and Loss Financial Statement is intended to assist traders in managing the profits generated. In this report a financial analysis is made in November 2021 and February 2022. The method used in making this report is to use primary data by collecting data in the form of interviews with kiosk owners relating to things needed in making profit and loss statements such as assets that owned, total revenue, operating costs and others. The results of this report show that sales in February 2022 decreased by 17.88% compared to November 2021. With this report, it is hoped that this report will help and make it easier to manage the profits generated and make decisions to generate the best profits.The discussion of the selected questions will look for what actuarial obligations are and what normal costs are based on the data provided. The purpose of this discussion is to know, understand, and be able to perform actuarial calculations regarding the unit credit method used. The unit credit method used is the traditional unit credit and the projected unit credit. The formula used for each question is as follows.Â andThe result of solving the first problem shows that the total actuarial liability on 1/1/95 is IDR 405,339.095. While the results of the second question show that the normal cost for 2021 on 1/1/2021 was IDR 1,071.43. From these results, users can find out how much actuarial obligations are and what normal costs are based on the data that has been provided.
Ўзбекистон республикасида судьяларнинг интизомий жавобгарлиги
Authors: Каримов Темур 
Published: February 2023

Мазкур мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикасида судьяларни интизомий жавобгарликка тортиш, юридик жавобгарликнинг бир тури сифатидаги аҳамияти, Ўзбекистон Республикаси қонунчилигида судьяларни интизомий жавобгарликка тортиш механизми қай даражада белгиланганлиги, судьялар интизомий жавобгарлигининг бошқа юридик жавобгарлик турларидан фарқли ва ўхшаш жиҳатлари, судьяларнинг интизомий жавобгарлиги асослари, таркиби ва белгилари ёритилган. Муаллиф томонидан Ўзбекистон ва хорижий олимларнинг судьяларни интизомий жавобгарликка тортишга оид фикр-мулоҳазалари таҳлил қилиниб, илмий мунозарага киришилган. Жумладан, Ўзбекистон Республикасида судьяларни интизомий жавобгарликка тортишдаги айрим муаммолар атрофлича таҳлил қилиниб, илмий-назарий хулосаларга келинган.
The technology of installation of breast implants in the subpectoral space while preservation attachment of the abdominal part of the pectoralis major muscle
Authors: Zelenin V. N. , Zelenin N. V. 
Published: February 2023

The paper describes the technology of installing breast implants in the subpectoral cellular space while maintaining the attachment of the abdominal part of the pectoralis major muscle and evaluate the results of its application. A retrospective analysis of the results of primary breast augmentation in 762 patients operated by the authors in 2010–2020 was carried out.The space for the breast implant was formed following a certain sequence of actions. The boundaries of the receptacle were: inside – the place of attachment of the pectoralis major muscle to the sternum, outside – the abdominal part of the pectoralis major muscle and the pectoral fascia, passing to the bundles of the anterior serratus muscle, at the top – thoracoacromial vascular bundle, below – VI rib and fascial node, formed by the transition of the thoracic fascia and the aponeurosis of the abdominal part of the pectoralis major muscle to the anterior wall of the sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle. Conclusions. 1. The technology of installing implants in the subpectoral cellular space, while maintaining the distal attachment of its abdominal part, allows achieving the stability of the position of the implants and avoiding rotation and malposition of the implants. 2. In terms of up to 3–4 months after surgery, a higher location of implants on the chest is often observed. 3. The decision on the need and degree of mobilization of the abdominal part of the pectoralis major muscle should be made individually. 4. The technique cannot be used when the width of the implant base exceeds the width of the pectoralis major muscle at the level of the IV rib, and, therefore, limits the choice of larger implants.
OPTIMASI BLENDING BIOSOLAR DI PT.AB
Authors: Maromon Piere 
Published: February 2023

Biodisel merupakan salah satu produk bahan bakar minyak yang dihasilkan oleh PT.AB. Dengan semakin besarnya kebutuhan biodisel di dalam negeri yang di butuhkan, sehingga dituntut pula untuk meningkatkan produksinya agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Oleh karena itu sangat diperlukan untuk dapat melaksankan proses blending Biodisel yang efektif, efisien dan ekonomis. Melihat kebutuhan biodisesl yang cukup besar, oleh sebab itu PT. AB berupaya untuk meningkatkan produksi solar dengan cara melakukan pencampuran (blending) beberapa komponen yaitu Solar, dan Fame. Dalam proses perhitungan parameter yang digunakan adalah Density, Flash Point , Cetane Index dan untuk mendapatkan komposisi komponen blending yang optimum dan menghasilkan produk Biodisesl yang memenuhi spesifikasi serta memperoleh keuntungan yang tinggi. Dari proses optimasi yang dilakukan didapatkan kondisi blending yang paling optimum di dan menghasilkan produk Biosolar yang memenuhi spesifikasi serta dari komposisi blending tersebut didapatkan total biaya produksi komponen yakni 194.310.488 rupiah/bulan.
OPTIMASI FLOWRATE COOLING AIR TERHADAP PERUBAHAN TEMPERATURE COLD CLINKER PADA GRATE COOLER 472 GQ1 DI PT SOLUSI BANGUN INDONESIA
Authors: Amanda Diki 
Published: February 2023

Grate cooler merupakan salah satu jenis clinker cooler yang berfungsi untuk mendinginkan Clinker secara cepat (quenching) pada proses produksi semen. Proses pendinginan di Grate Cooler merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam menentukan kualitas semen. Pembuatan semen membutuhkan pendinginan clinker panas pada temperature sekitar 1450 hingga temperature ± 100?. Temperature cold clinkerkeluaran Grate Cooler di PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia adalah 218?. Dengan data yang diperoleh, penulis mencoba untuk melakukan optimasi Flowrate Udara Pendingin pada Grate Cooler 472-GQ1 di PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia dengan harapan temperature cold clinker dapat diturunkan dari 218? ke ± 100?. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis untuk mengevaluasi effisiensi Grate Cooler 472-GQ1 adalah dengan metode heat loss, kemudian dengan menggunakan metode trial and error dilakukan simulasi penambahan flowrate udara pendingin sehingga temperature cold clinker yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Pada titik optimum flowrate udara pendingin, yaitu 2,35 Nm3/kg clinker mampu menurunkan temperature cold clinker sebesar 102?, serta meningkatkan efisiensi Grate Cooler dari 64,31% sampai 77,69%. dengan penghematan penggunaan batubara pada kiln sebesar Rp. 36.728.688,8 7/hari dan pada calciner sebesar Rp. 147.095.615,24/hari.
Analisis Yuridis Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Kepala Desa Rato Kecamatan Parado Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Baharudin Baharudin 
Published: February 2023

Sanksi pidana dalam KitabUndang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) sebenarnya sudah bisa memberikan efek jera terhadap pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan, namun disisi lain ancaman dan vonis dari Pengadilan bellum tentu dapat diterima oleh pihak keluarga korban Pembunuhan karena ancaman dan hukuman belum sebanding dengan hilangnya nyawa seseorang dari pembunuhan tersebut. Penulisan ini dilatar belakang terjadinya pembunuhan seorang Kepala Desa Parado Rato yang terjadi di Desa Parado Rato Kecamatan Parado kabupaten Bima pada tahun 2016 yang lalu. Dimana seseorang diduga telah melakukan pembacokan terhadap seorang Kepala Desa yang ada di kecamatan Parado Kabupaten Bima, dari kejadian tersebut kedua desa saling melakukan penyerangan dan pemblokiran jalan sehingga paktivitas masyarakat Kecamatan Parado lumpuh total beberapa hari. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penulisan hukum ini mengangkat rumusan masalah yakni apa yang menjadi faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana pembunuhan kepala desa parado rato, Bagaimana penerapan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan Kepala Desa Parado Rato. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah yuridis krimonogilis dengan pengumpulan data secara empiris normatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data Hukum Primer, data hukum Sekunder dan data hukum tersier yaitu bahan yang memberikan petunjuk maupun penjelasan terhadap bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder seperti yang dijelaskan dalam eknsiklopedia, kamus hukum, kamus bahasa Indonesia dan sebagainya, permasalahn penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori keadilan, kepastian dan kemanfatan Hukum. Dalam Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan tersebut terjadi gejolak yang panjang karena ada beberapa kejadian paska terjadinya Pembunuhan Kepala Desa Rato tersebut yang mengakibatkan kedua desa bertetangga saling melakukan penyerangan. Disamping terjadinya konflik dan premanisme atas tindak pidana tersebut, telah terbongkar satu motif yang begitu menghebohkan bagi warga kecamatan Parado atas pembunuhan tersebut yaitu motif balas dendam. Dari peristiwa tersebut banyak pihak mengharapkan pelaku dihukum seberat-beratnya dan sebagian pihak mengarapkan hukuman pihak penegak hukum memberikan hukuman yang seadil-adilnya sehingga tercipta rasa keadilan.