bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simvastatin Enhanced Anti-tumor Effects of Bevacizumab against Lung Adenocarcinoma
A549 Cells via Abating HIF-1α-Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tu Xin , Zhang Jian , Yuan Wei , Wu Xia , Xu Zhi , Qing Cuo 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Bevacizumab increased hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) expression attenuates its antitumor
effect. Simvastatin can reduce the expression of HIF-1α to exert a tumor-suppressive effect in many in vitro experiments.
Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether simvastatin could strengthen the anti-tumor activity of
bevacizumab in lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective:
To determine whether simvastatin could strengthen the anti-tumor activity of bevacizumab in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods:
The changes in the biological behavior of A549 cells treated with different drugs were determined through
colony forming assay, Cell Counting Assay-8 (CCK-8), transwell assay, wound healing assay, and flow cytometry.
The expressions of pathway-related factors HIF-1α and β-Catenin were determined via qRT-PCR and western blotting.
The expressions of proliferation-related proteins, invasion-related proteins, and apoptosis-related proteins were detected
by western blotting. In addition, a xenograft non-small cell lung cancer model in nude mice was used to explore in
vivo tumor growth.

Results:
We found that simvastatin combined with bevacizumab synergistically suppressed the proliferation, migration,
and invasion of A549 cells while promoting their apoptosis. As demonstrated by qRT-PCR and western blotting
experiments, the bevacizumab group displayed a higher expression of pathway-related factors HIF-1α and β-Catenin
than the control groups, however simvastatin group showed the opposite trend. Its combination with bevacizumab
induced elevation of HIF-1α and β-catenin expressions. During in vivo experiments, simvastatin inhibited tumor
growth, and in comparison, the inhibitory effects of its combination with bevacizumab were stronger.

Conclusion:
Based on our findings, simvastatin may affect the biological responses of bevacizumab on A549 cells by
restraining the HIF-1α-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus representing a novel and effective combination therapy
that can be potentially applied in a clinical therapy for lung adenocarcinoma.
Applications of Nanotechnology-mediated Herbal Nanosystems for
Ophthalmic Drug
Authors: Shree Dipthi , Patra Chinam Niranjan , Sahoo Biswa Mohan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
In recent years, herbal nanomedicines have gained tremendous popularity for novel drug discovery.
Nanotechnology has provided several advances in the healthcare sector, emerging several novel
nanocarriers that potentiate the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of the herbal drug. The recent
advances in nanotechnology with accelerated strategies of ophthalmic nanosystems have paved a new
path for overcoming the limitations associated with ocular drug delivery systems, such as low bioavailability,
poor absorption, stability, and precorneal drug loss. Ophthalmic drug delivery is challenging due
to anatomical and physiological barriers. Due to the presence of these barriers, the herbal drug entry into
the eyes can be affected when administered by following multiple routes, i.e., topical, injectables, or
systemic. However, the advancement of nanotechnology with intelligent systems enables the herbal active
constituent to successfully entrap within the system, which is usually difficult to reach employing
conventional herbal formulations. Herbal-loaded nanocarrier drug delivery systems demonstrated enhanced
herbal drug permeation and prolonged herbal drug delivery.

:
In this current manuscript, an extensive search is conducted for original research papers using databases
Viz., PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, etc. Further painstaking efforts are
made to compile and update the novel herbal nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles,
solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructure lipid carriers, micelles, niosomes, nanoemulsions, dendrimers,
etc., which are mostly used for ophthalmic drug delivery system. This article presents a comprehensive
survey of diverse applications used for the preventative measures and treatment therapy of varied eye
disorders. Further, this article highlights the recent findings that the innovators are exclusively working
on ophthalmic nanosystems for herbal drug delivery systems.

:
The nanocarriers are promising drug delivery systems that enable an effective and supreme therapeutic
potential circumventing the limitations associated with conventional ocular drug delivery systems. The
nanotechnology-based approach is useful to encapsulate the herbal bioactive and prevent them from
degradation and therefore providing them for controlled and sustained release with enhanced herbal
drug permeation. Extensive research is still being carried out in the field of herbal nanotechnology to
design an ophthalmic nanosystem with improved biopharmaceutical properties.
Design of Automatic Loading and Unloading Manipulator for CNC Gear
Milling Machine
Authors: Chen Zhong , Gao Xin , Yang Hu , Song Zuxiao , Wang Yongfang 
Published: August 2023

Background:
At present, due to the widespread use of robotic arms for the automatic loading and unloading of CNC gear milling machines, there has been an increase in patents related to robotic arms. However, these robotic arms have issues of low efficiency and large space occupation. To solve these problems, a CNC gear milling machine with an automatic loading and unloading manipulator device needs to be designed.

Methods:
This paper first designs the overall scheme of the automatic loading and unloading manipulator, and then uses Solidworks to establish a three-dimensional model. Finite element analysis software is used to analyze and simulate the deformation, stress distribution, and service life of the key components in the overall device. Finally, a prototype of the robotic arm is created based on the simulation optimization results.

Results:
This paper designs a new type of automatic loading and unloading manipulator device for CNC gear milling machines, which is different from existing patents in that all its components are installed inside the machine tool protective cover. In production experiments, the operation was found to be stable and reliable, and the loading and unloading process was completed at a speed of 11s/time, consistently exceeding the manual maximum speed of 19s/time. The results indicate that the proposed clamp storage system and core rod perforation feeding method are effective.

Conclusion:
The new design solves the problems of low efficiency and large space occupation in existing robotic arm patents.
Numerical Modelling of Carrier Transport in Organic Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Hussien Salma , Abdellatif Sameh 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Organic field effect transistors (OFETs), used in the fabrication of nanosensors,
are one of the most promising devices in organic electronics because of their lightweight,
flexibility, and low fabrication cost. However, the optimization of such OFETs is still in an early
stage due to the minimal analytical and numerical models presented in the literature.

Objective:
This research presses to demonstrate a numerical carrier transport model based on the
finite element method (FEM) to investigate the I-V characteristic of OFETs.

Methods:
Two various organic semiconductor materials have been included in the study, polyaniline
and pentacene, where micro-scale, as well as nano-scale models have been presented. OFETs
regarding channel length, dielectric thickness, and doping level impact have been studied. We
nominated the threshold voltage, the on/off current ratio, the sub-threshold swing, and the field effect
mobilities as the primary output evaluating parameters.

Results:
The numerical model has shown the criticality of the doping effect on tuning the device
flowing drain current to exceed 300 μA saturation current, along with a threshold voltage of -0.1 V
under a channel length of 30 nm.

Conclusion:
The study highlights the effectiveness of polyaniline over pentacene as nano-channel
length OFET due to the boosted conductivity of polyaniline concerning pentacene.
Traveling-wave-based Fault Location using Time Delays between Modal
Components in Electrical Distribution Systems
Authors: Lei Yang , Yang Fan , Yin Zhijiang , Tang Jinrui , Zhang Guoqing , Ma Bo , Shen Yu , Yang Zhichun 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The distribution feeders usually include many laterals, too many sensors
need to be installed to locate the fault positions in electrical distribution systems by using the traditional
double-ended traveling-wave-based fault-location methods

Objective:
Fault location based on the time delays between the moments of the first wavefronts of
zero-mode voltages and that of aerial-mode voltages arriving at one end of the distribution feeder.

Methods:
Large decomposition level in wavelet transformation is adopted in this paper to obtain the
zero-mode velocity.

Results:
Both theoretical research and simulation experiments have proved that the proposed fault
location method can greatly improve the accuracy of the fault location in the electrical distribution
systems without many sensors.

Conclusion:
The proposed fault location method can provide one feasible way to locate the faults in
the electrical distribution systems.
Silver Nanoparticulate Carriers: A Significant Development in Nanotechnology
Authors: Kumar Boga Vijay , Asthana Gyati Shilakari , Asthana Abhay , Gaddam Rakesh 
Published: August 2023

Background:For centuries, silver has been known for its anti-bacterial effects. It also helps in the prevention and control of various infections. Silver, when synthesized in nano-size, is much more effective, so the trend of using silver nanoparticles in treating mild bacterial diseases to deadly infectious diseases has increased rapidly.Methods:Silver nanoparticles can be synthesized by physical, chemical, and biological methods. Nanoparticles are developed in different shapes and have a wide range of sizes, with the purpose of controlling the release rate and content of the drug’s dose. The nanoparticles can be administered via oral, pulmonary, dermal, and intravenous routes.Results:Silver nanoparticles have been used in treating diseases, such as cancers, diabetes, etc., by targeted drug delivery and in cosmetics, wound healing, diagnostics, water purifying, bio-imaging, air purification, etc. The research on the novel applications of silver nanoparticles merits its medical application, and this utility aspect is granting patented technologies. The utilization of silver nanoparticles has enhanced in recent times due to their effectiveness in the specified diseased state.Conclusion:Studies have indicated that the drugs developed using silver nanoparticles manifest safety as they are biocompatible; thus, silver nanoparticles display a promising role in developing futuristic medical therapeutic strategies.
Bush-crickets show lifelong flexibility in courtship signals to match predation threat
Authors: Hubancheva Antoniya , Senderov Viktor , Nowotny Manuela , Schöneich Stefan , Goerlitz Holger 
Published: August 2023

The conflicting selection pressures of advertising to conspecifics and
inadvertently advertising to predators has direct fitness consequences.
It is unclear, however, how signalling prey species balance costs and
benefits of those vital tasks over their lifetime. To address this, we
quantified how a prey species with a conspicuous courtship song, the
bush-cricket Tettigonia viridissima (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae),
adjusts its singing behaviour in response to increasing threat levels of
bat predation and how those adjustments change in the course of its
lifetime. We show that young males favour predator avoidance over mating
by acoustically hiding from predators for a longer time, while old males
prioritize mating opportunities over predator avoidance. Thus, males of
different ages trade-off differently the risk of losing mating
opportunities against the risk of falling prey to bats. This illustrates
that prey species balance the costs and the benefits of reproduction and
survival throughout their lifetime. Our results highlight the
flexibility of vital behaviours and demonstrate how they are balanced
over a lifetime to maximize fitness.
Where are the ravines? A Case Study of Gully Landscapes in Norway Using Deep Learning
Authors: Ganerød Alexandra Jarna , Boeckel Mikis van , Solberg Inger-Lise 
Published: August 2023

Abstract content gGullies and ravines are common landforms in raised
marine fine-grained deposits in Norway. Gullies in marine clay are
significant landforms indicative of soil erosion, natural hazards and
are of high conservation value. As a result of the substantial impact of
human intervention over the past century, marine clay gullies are now
red-listed. To monitor the condition of these landforms we need to
improve our understanding of their spatial extent, complexity, and
morphology. We explore the applicability of automated approaches that
uses a methodology of combining deep learning (DL), fully convolutional
neural networks (FCNN), and a U-Net model with ArcPy libraries and
ground truth data to derive a high-resolution map of gullies in raised
marine fine-grained deposits. Predictors used comprise solely terrain
derivatives to broaden the usage of the pre-trained model to other
regions. Our best model achieved a precision score of 0.82 and a recall
of 0.75. We find that our pre-trained model can successfully predict
gullies in blind-test areas. The model performs better in regions with
similar geological settings, scoring a length-weighted overlap of
>72% with reference datasets. We also find that the
model’s applicability increases when we post-process the predictions by
eliminating noise, especially by using the predictions derived from
ensembled models. We, therefore, conclude that the pre-trained models
can effectively be used to supplement the geomorphological mapping of
marine clay gullies in Norway. The outcome of this research contributes
towards mapping the spatial extent and condition of red-listed landforms
in Norway, as well as the development of monitoring systems for future
landscape change.
Keywords: gullies, ravines, landforms, marine clay, deep
learning, U-net
Efectos de extractos de plantas arbustivas de trópico seco en la producción animal: rumiantes. Una revisión
Authors: Botero Giraldo Jesús Alejandro , Vélez Giraldo Alejandra María 
Published: August 2023

Las plantas como organismos autótrofos, además de realizar el metabolismo primario que se presenta en todos los seres vivos, poseen un metabolismo secundario que les permite producir y acumular una gran variedad de compuestos de naturaleza química. Los estudios sobre estos metabolitos secundarios en plantas han estado en aumento durante los últimos cincuenta años y se han permitido clasificar estos metabolitos basándose en sus características químicas, origen vegetal u origen biosintético; en esta clasificación, han encontrado losterpenos, compuestos fenólicos, glicósidos y alcaloides. Las plantas arbóreas presentan un elevado contenido de metabolitos secundarios, aquellos que bajo ciertas circunstancias pueden causar diversos efectos en los rumiantes. Estudios con extractos de plantas como Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium, Guazuma ulmifolia, Senna spectabilis y Pithecellobium dulce han mostrado tener actividad antibacteriana, antifúngica, antiparasitaria y su utilidad en la manipulación de algunos procesos metabólicos y alteraciones de la microbiota ruminal permitiendo mejorar la fermentación, el metabolismo del nitrógeno y reducción en la producción de metano, trabajos que evidencian la amplia gama de moléculas bioactivas de origen natural que pueden ser utilizadas para combatir problemáticas existentes en los sistemas de producción de rumiantes.
DOES FINANCIAL INCLUSION AFFECT PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS?
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Duong , Nguyen Ngoc Tram , Nguyen Duc Huy , Huynh Anh Thu , Nguyen Thu Ha 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of financial inclusion on commercial banks profitability in 60 countries between 2017 and 2021.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used 300 observations from countries with developed and undeveloped banking systems. The paper applies estimation methods including Pooled OLS, FEM, REM and GLS related to panel data as well as multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity tests for model selection.
Research findings: Similar to previous papers, this research proved that most financial inclusion indicators have positive correlation with commercial banks profitability. In addition, this research suggested 3 new variables and pointed out: “Institutions of commercial banks”; “Outstanding-loans with commercial banks” positively impact banks profitability whereas “Outstanding-deposits with commercial banks” has negative influence on banks profitability.
Theoretical contribution/Originality: The majority of previous papers have explored the effect of financial inclusion at the national level, for example, the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth. Meanwhile, this paper investigated the impact of financial inclusion on commercial bank profitability, an issue concerned recently.
Policy implication: This study can assist countries achieve a higher level of financial inclusion to raise commercial banks profitability, thereby boosting economic growth.
The Development of HOTS (Higher-Order Thinking Skills) Assessment Instrument Based on Numeration Literacy in Mathematics for Junior High School
Authors: Wardani Nurul , Siregar Tanti Jumaisyaroh 
Published: August 2023

This research aims to develop a HOTS (Higher-Order Thinking Skills) assessment instrument based on numeracy literacy. This research employed a research and development method with 4D models. Feasibility analysis, discriminating index, item difficulty level, and product practicality were used in data collection techniques. The results showed that the average value of the item validity was 85.1% which indicated that this product is suitable for use as an assessment instrument. The discriminating index test obtained a value of 0.11 in the weak category, and the item difficulty level test obtained a value of 60% in the moderate category. Furthermore, The product practicality test on 30 students yielded an average score of 67.25%, which means that this product is practical. Thus, the instrument developed is feasible and practical as a stimulus to train higher-order thinking skills and increase cognitive knowledge in mathematics learning. Future research is expected to develop instruments in other mathematical materials.
Governance of reform in the Irish public service
Authors: O’Riordan Joanna , Boyle Richard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the academic literature governance is a contested term. It is about how organisations are run and the oversight and accountability that are encompassed in this process. However, it can also be viewed in terms of delivery, ‘getting things done’. In the public service this equates to implementing government policy, which is why the term is sometimes seen as synonymous with public management. Collaborative governance recognises that delivering on many government policies requires different sectors and levels of government working across organisational boundaries. This presents its own additional set of challenges. This paper reviews the governance of public service reform since the financial crisis in 2011. This is a policy area that clearly requires a ‘joined-up’ approach. The paper uses a governance framework that emerged from an extensive research programme between the Environmental Protection Agency and the Institute of Public Administration examining water governance arrangements. While it is clear that governance matters a great deal, achieving it in practice can be complex. This paper identifies strengths and weaknesses in respect of the governance of public service reform and makes recommendations for improvements.
Modern methods of echocardiographic assessment of the functional status of the left atrium in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kadirova M. , Yalova E. V. , Shebzuhova F. S. , Botasheva A. A. , Strebkova E. D. , Kаrmаzаnovsky G. G. , Revishvili A. Sh. 
Published: August 2023

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, accompanied by significant morbidity and mortality among the entire population. In AF, it is the left atrium (LA) that is considered as a critical indicator of the development of adverse cardiovascular events. LA dilation followed by electrophysiological remodeling is a frequent observation in patients with AF.Thus, echocardiography (EchoCG) is of particular interest, in particular, the use of two-dimensional and threedimensional Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to study the morphofunctional state of LA at the patient's bedside.Currently, several major lecture reviews on echocardiographic assessment of LA function are presented in the domestic literature, but individual methods of radiation imaging and their correlation with each other have not been studied, there are only a couple of foreign meta-analyses on the assessment and analysis of the functional state of LA in patients with AF. This problem is relevant, since the establishment of predictors of AF at an early stage, in particular with its latent course, makes it possible to prevent the development of a number of complications associated with arrhythmia from ischemic strokes to sudden cardiac death.The purpose of this literature review is to present the data of recent studies on the assessment of the structure and function of LA using STE to identify patients with asymptomatic AF or a high risk of its recurrence after ablation procedures.