bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual‐Chromophore Fluorescent Probe: Multi‐Stimuli Sensing and Visual Discrimination
Authors: Qiao Min , Huang Yuheng , Zhu Xiaolin , Ding Liping , Fang Yu 
Published: January 2025

Comprehensive SummaryThe advancement of multifunctional fluorescent probes for monitoring diverse environmental parameters is of paramount importance. In this study, we engineered dual‐chromophore fluorescent probe, DBT, that responds to multiple stimuli by integrating functional groups with unique characteristics. Notably, the probe DBT exhibits pronounced bimodal emission under specific conditions, with its fluorescence shifting between red and blue in response to alterations in solvent composition, humidity levels, and temperature variations. Significantly, DBT facilitates the differentiation and visual identification of eight solvents, and permits the quantitative detection of trace water content in organic solvents. Additionally, it allows for the visual detection of gasoline. These findings herald the development of single‐molecule fluorescent materials capable of responding to multiple stimulus, paving the way for simultaneous multi‐stimuli detection and discrimination in various applications.
Equivalence of Biosimilarity in Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Recombinant Human Insulin Aspart
Authors: Dongre Sneha A. , Kulkarni Gauri A. , Thapa Damodar , Ghade Nikhil , Lona Jeseena , Prajapati Hiren , Mehta Hiren , Guttikar Swati , Krishnan Archana R. , Sonar Sanjay M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInsulin aspart, a rapid‐acting analog, achieves faster subcutaneous absorption than regular insulin. This study aimed to demonstrate equivalence in the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of Recombinant Human Insulin Aspart from BioGenomics Limited (as test) and Novo‐Nordisk (as reference) in healthy adult males. This was a double‐blind, randomized, cross‐over study, assessing PK and PD parameters under fasting conditions. Participants received either 0.2 U/kg of test or reference product via a subcutaneous route in the abdominal area. PK parameters included maximum serum concentration (Cmax), area under the curve [(AUC[0–t]) and (AUC [0–∞])], time to maximum serum concentration (Tmax), and half‐life (t½). PD parameters included amount of glucose infused (Gtot), maximum glucose infusion rate (Rmax), time of Rmax (tRmax), late time of half‐maximal glucose infusion rate (tRmax50), time of first measured glucose infusion rate (tonset), and cessation of glucose infusion/clamp (tRlast). Seventy subjects between 18 and 45 years of age and body mass index between 18 and 27 kg/m2 were enrolled. The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for Cmax, AUC[0–t], AUC [0–∞] for insulin, and the 95% CIs for Gtot, Rmax for glucose were within 80%–125% as required to assess test‐reference bioequivalence. No serious adverse events were observed. Both the preparations showed bioequivalence under fasting conditions with a similar safety profile.
Coupled Electric‐Thermal Damage Model for Lightning Strikes on Buried Pipeline
Authors: Jin Xiao , Rao Pingping , Feng Weikang , Cui Jifei , Nimbalkar Sanjay , Chen Qingsheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA coupled electrothermal damage theory model for pipelines is proposed to assess the failure behavior of buried pipelines under lightning strikes. This article considers local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) conditions in the soil–water porous medium and the nonlinear characteristics of lightning functions. The calculation results show that the proposed theoretical model has better applicability and accuracy compared with previous models. Parametric analysis shows that under lightning conditions of Im = 20 kA and T1/T2 = 1.2/50 μs, the maximum local temperature of the soil around the pipeline can reach 2160 K, leading to pipeline breakdown. Metal pipelines are shown to be more effective in conducting charges, which alters the electric field distribution in the soil and impacts the formation of plasma channels. The half‐peak value of the lightning waveform has a significant impact on pipeline breakdown, and its increase will increase the risk of pipeline breakdown gradually. When considering LTNE conditions, the change in the pipeline surface temperature becomes more pronounced. Under 8/30 and 8/40 μs lightning waveforms, the pipeline surface temperature is approximately 150 and 550 K higher, respectively, compared with the thermal equilibrium conditions. The thermal conductivity and porosity of backfill soil can also affect the thermal damage of lightning‐struck pipelines. With clay filling, the highest pipeline surface temperature can reach 2590 K, while with fine sand and coarse sand, it is 1980 and 1510 K, respectively. The pipeline lightning disaster model proposed in this article has engineering significance for the investigation of pipeline lightning failure and disaster prevention mechanisms.
Acoustic speech features are associated with late‐life depression and apathy symptoms: Preliminary findings
Authors: Harlev Daniel , Singer Shir , Goldshalger Maya , Wolpe Noham , Bergmann Eyal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDLate‐life depression (LLD) is a heterogenous disorder related to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative processes, raising a need for the development of novel biomarkers. We sought to provide preliminary evidence for acoustic speech signatures sensitive to LLD and their relationship to depressive dimensions.METHODSForty patients (24 female, aged 65–82 years) were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Vocal features were extracted from speech samples (reading a pre‐written text) and tested as classifiers of LLD using random forest and XGBoost models. Post hoc analyses examined the relationship between these acoustic features and specific depressive dimensions.RESULTSThe classification models demonstrated moderate discriminative ability for LLD with receiver operating characteristic = 0.78 for random forest and 0.84 for XGBoost in an out‐of‐sample testing set. The top classifying features were most strongly associated with the apathy dimension (R2 = 0.43).DISCUSSIONAcoustic vocal features that may support the diagnosis of LLD are preferentially associated with apathy.Highlights
The depressive dimensions in late‐life depression (LLD) have different cognitive correlates, with apathy characterized by more pronounced cognitive impairment.
Acoustic speech features can predict LLD. Using acoustic features, we were able to train a random forest model to predict LLD in a held‐out sample.
Acoustic speech features that predict LLD are preferentially associated with apathy. These results indicate a predominance of apathy in the vocal signatures of LLD, and suggest that the clinical heterogeneity of LLD should be considered in development of acoustic markers.
Toward alpha‐synuclein seed amplification assay in clinical practice
Authors: Verdurand Mathieu , Kaczorowski Flora , Dautricourt Sophie , Desestret Virginie , Formaglio Maïté , Mollion Hélène , Petitnicolas Gil , Afifi Ali , Fourier Anthony , Garnier‐Crussard Antoine , Quadrio Isabelle 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONSeed amplification assays (SAAs) demonstrate remarkable diagnostic performance in alpha‐synucleinopathies. However, existing protocols lack accessibility in routine laboratories, mainly due to the requirement for in‐house production of recombinant alpha‐synuclein (aSyn). This study proposes a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) aSyn‐SAA protocol using solely commercial reagents to facilitate its clinical implementation.METHODSRoutine clinical care CSF samples from 126 patients, comprising 47 with Lewy body diseases (LBD) (41 with dementia with Lewy bodies, six with Parkinson's disease), 37 without alpha‐synucleinopathy, and 42 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), underwent assessment for aSyn‐SAA activity.RESULTSCSF aSyn‐SAA showed a sensitivity of 72.3% and a specificity of 100% when distinguishing clinically diagnosed LBD patients from those without alpha‐synucleinopathy. In AD patients, 14.3% were tested positive for aSyn.DISCUSSIONThe commercial‐only CSF aSyn‐SAA protocol exhibited excellent specificity when applied to a real‐life cohort, signaling progress toward the accessibility of an aSyn biomarker in clinical settings.Highlights
Diagnosis of LBD through aSyn‐SAA lacks accessibility.
This commercial‐only aSyn‐SAA has satisfactory performance in a real‐life cohort.
A negative aSyn‐SAA does not completely exclude a synucleinopathy.
Some technical points must be considered when developing aSyn‐SAA.
aSyn‐SAA must be confined to expert laboratories due to prion‐like risk management.
Plasma biomarkers of amyloid, tau, astrogliosis, and axonal injury in a mixed memory clinic cohort
Authors: Gleerup Helena Sophia , Simonsen Anja Hviid , Grötschel Lana , Gramkow Mathias Holsey , Høgh Peter , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Ashton Nicholas , Hasselbalch Steen Gregers 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONStudies have shown that blood biomarkers can differentiate dementia disorders. However, the diagnosis of dementia still relies primarily on cerebrospinal fluid and imaging modalities. The new disease‐modifying treatments call for more widely applicable biomarkers.METHODSPlasma samples (n = 250) from two mixed memory clinic were included. Participants were divided into amyloid beta positives (Aβ+) and Aβ negatives (Aβ−). Plasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) 181, p‐tau231, Aβ1‐42 (Aβ42), Aβ40, Aβ42/Aβ40, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured by single molecule array.RESULTSSignificant differences were found among cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and non‐AD, and nearly all of the biomarkers were able to predict amyloid status. When combining p‐tau181 and p‐tau231 they predicted Aβ positivity with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75, and when combining all biomarkers an AUC of 0.86 was found.DISCUSSIONThis study supports previous findings on plasma biomarkers, even when investigated in a typical clinical setting in a consecutive, heterogeneous, mixed memory clinic.Highlights
This study investigated seven plasma biomarkers in a mixed memory clinic, regardless of amyloid co‐pathology or atypical phenotypes.
These findings support previous promising results on plasma biomarkers, even when investigated in a heterogeneous population.
The combination of phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)181 and p‐231 performed only slightly worse than a panel of multiple biomarkers, aligning with previous studies.
Plasma biomarkers show potential for future applications in primary care, treatment monitoring, and trial selection.
Inequalities in relative cancer survival by race, immigration status, income, and education for 22 cancer sites in Canada, a cohort study
Authors: Malagón Talía , Botting‐Provost Sarah , Moore Alissa , El‐Zein Mariam , Franco Eduardo L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere is a paucity of disaggregated data to monitor cancer health inequalities in Canada. We used data linkage to estimate site‐specific cancer relative survival by race, immigration status, household income, and education level in Canada. We pooled the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts, which are linked datasets of 5.9 million respondents of the 2006 long‐form census and 6.5 million respondents of the 2011 National Household Survey. Individual‐level respondent data from these surveys were probabilistically linked with the Canadian Cancer Registry up to 2015 and with the Canadian Vital Statistics Death database up to 2019. We used propensity score matching and Poisson models to calculate age‐standardized relative survival by equity stratifiers for all cancers combined and for 22 individual cancer sites for the period 2006–2019. There were 560,905 primary cancer cases diagnosed over follow‐up included in survival analyses; the age‐standardized period relative survival was 72.9% at 5 years post‐diagnosis. 5‐year relative survival was higher in immigrants (74.1%, 95%CI 73.8–74.4) than in Canadian‐born persons (69.6%, 95%CI 69.4–69.8), and higher in racial groups with high proportions of immigrants. There was a marked socioeconomic gradient, with 11%–12% lower relative survival in cancer patients in the lowest household income and education levels than in the highest levels. Socioeconomic gradients were observed for most cancer sites, though the magnitude varied by site. The observed differences in relative survival suggest there remain important inequities in cancer control and care delivery and quality even in a universal healthcare system.
Childhood vaccinations and the risk of leukemia: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Alberts Aya , Kjaer Susanne K. , Søegaard Signe H. , Winther Jeanette F. , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Sopina Liza , Erdmann Friederike , Hargreave Marie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA protective effect of childhood vaccinations on leukemia risk, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), has been hypothesized, though findings are inconsistent. We used a nationwide cohort of Danish children born 1997–2018 (n = 1,360,230), to examine associations between childhood vaccinations and leukemia (<20 years) using registry data (follow‐up: December 31, 2018). Cox proportional hazard models with age as the underlying time estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for leukemia (any, ALL, acute myeloid [AML], and other), comparing vaccinated with unvaccinated children. We also accessed the effect of each additional vaccine dose. During 14,536,819 person‐years, 771 children were diagnosed with leukemia (74% ALL, 16% AML, and 10% other). Any vaccination was associated with an increased HR for ALL (HR: 2.76; 95% CI: 0.66–11.58), compared to unvaccinated children, with a change in HR of 1.01 (95% CI: 0.96–1.05) per dose. The corresponding HRs for any leukemia, AML, and other leukemia were 1.04 (95% CI: 0.50–2.17), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.18–2.59) and 0.29 (95% CI: 0.09–0.99), with a change in HR of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94–1.02), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84–1.00, p = .062) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78–1.00, p = .044) per dose. No significant associations were found for vaccination types, except for the pneumococcal vaccine which was associated with a decreased risk of other leukemia (HR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.14–0.74). In six‐months lag analyses, no significant associations were observed, and decreased risks were attenuated. The results provide no strong evidence that childhood vaccinations reduce leukemia risk. The limited number of unvaccinated cases and wide confidence intervals suggest cautious interpretation of some findings.
A preliminary analysis of teaching children with autism spectrum disorder self‐protection skills for bullying situations
Authors: Fallon Maya J. , Luczynski Kevin C. , Rodriguez Nicole M. , Felty Christine , Rahaman Javid A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChildren diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are at high risk of being bullied, but research on teaching children with autism self‐protection skills for bullying situations is scant. We taught five children self‐protection skills for two types of bullying (threats and unkind remarks) and consecutive bullying occurrences. We first evaluated behavioral skills training and a textual prompt to teach children to report threats of physical or material harm, provide a disapproving statement after a first unkind remark, and occupy themselves with an activity away from a bully after a second unkind remark. Additional tactics were necessary to aid in the discrimination of bullying situations for two children. There were increases in the self‐protection skills with all children. Results further support that an active‐learning approach is efficacious in teaching responses to bullying in simulated situations. Considerations for teaching these skills while maintaining trust and rapport with children and caregivers are discussed.
Food categorization determines whether healthier food is inferred to be tastier or less tasty
Authors: Mai Robert , Trendel Olivier , Basil Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite evidence that people believe that the unhealthier the food, the tastier it is, some studies also suggest the opposing belief—the healthier the food, the tastier it is. A framework is proposed to reconcile this contradiction, and four studies demonstrate that the discrete categorization of foods as healthful versus unhealthful determines which intuition consumers use. When stereotypically unhealthy foods (e.g., candies, ice cream, hot dogs) are encountered, they are automatically categorized as unhealthful and the properties associated with that category (e.g., sweetness, saltiness, fat content) become accessible. Inferences about taste are then based on these properties and the unhealthier the encountered products are (i.e., the higher the sugar and fat content they have), the tastier they are perceived to be (unhealthy = tasty belief). Conversely, when stereotypically healthful foods (e.g., fruits) are encountered, other properties (e.g., freshness, vitamins) become salient, and tastiness is mainly inferred based on these properties, leading to the inference that the healthier these foods are (i.e., the more freshness and vitamins they have), the tastier they are perceived to be (healthy = tasty belief). Marketers and policymakers can leverage these findings to understand better when emphasizing healthiness benefits or hurts taste perceptions.
Exploring MRI Safety Knowledge Among Physicians and Nurses in Saudi Arabia: Highlighting Knowledge Gaps and Key Influencing Factors
Authors: Kanbayti Ibrahem Hussain 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used diagnostic modality in healthcare settings, but it carries inherent safety risks. Understanding healthcare providers' knowledge of MRI safety is crucial for ensuring patient and staff safety. This study aimed to assess MRI safety knowledge among physicians and nurses and explore factors influencing this knowledge.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 387 nonimaging healthcare practitioners: physicians and nurses, from different healthcare sectors in Jeddah city. A structured questionnaire assessed their understanding of basic MRI concepts, projectile hazards and contrast media risks. Statistical analyses, including Student's t‐test and ANOVA, were used to examine differences in knowledge scores.ResultsParticipants showed limited or poor knowledge across all MRI safety domains, including basic concepts, projectile hazards and contrast media risks, with domain knowledge scores of 31.8%, 33.7% and 32.3%, respectively. Factors having an impact on knowledge of MRI safety were the type of healthcare sector, qualification, work experience, attending workshops and whether the education curriculum included MRI safety (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsThe study highlighted substantial deficits in MRI safety knowledge among nonimaging healthcare practitioners: physicians and nurses. Addressing these gaps through targeted education and training programs is essential for improving patient and staff safety in MRI settings.
Therapeutic impacts of recalling and processing positive autobiographical memories on posttrauma health: An open‐label study
Authors: Contractor Ateka A. , Messman Brett A. , Dicker‐Oren Sheila Daniela , Compton Sidonia E. , Slavish Danica C. , Sznitman Sharon R. , Greene Talya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe processing of positive memories technique (PPMT) entails detailed narration and processing of specific positive autobiographical memories (AM) and has shown promise in improving posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. We examined whether participants receiving PPMT reported decreases in PTSD and depressive symptom severity, negative affect levels/reactivity, posttrauma cognitions, and positive emotion dysregulation, as well as increases in positive affect levels/reactivity and the number of retrieved positive AMs across four PPMT sessions. Individuals (N = 70) recruited from the community completed surveys at baseline (pre‐PPMT), each PPMT session, and after completing all four PPMT sessions. Multilevel linear growth models indicated session‐to‐session decreases in PTSD severity, β = −.17, p < .001; depressive symptom severity, β = −.13, p < .001; negative affect levels, β = −.13, p < .001; positive affect reactivity, β = −.14, p = .014; and posttrauma cognitions, β = −.12, p < .001; and session‐to‐session increases in negative affect reactivity, β = .18, p = .001. Paired‐samples t tests indicated decreases in retrieved positive AMs, d = 0.40, p = .001, including specific positive AMs, and negative AMs, d = 0.23, p = .022, and increases in retrieved overgeneral positive AMs, d = −0.38, p = .002, from baseline to postintervention. Thus, PPMT may help decrease PTSD and depression severity, negative affect, posttrauma cognitions, and negative AM recall tendencies. Clinicians may need to incorporate additional skills into the PPMT framework to improve positive affect processes that can be sustained over time.
Lumbopelvic hyperlordosis is linked to higher femoral head coverage, lower femoral anteversion and younger age at periacetabular osteotomy
Authors: Fischer Maximilian , Nonnenmacher Lars , Nitsch Andreas , Mühler Matthias R. , Möller Alexander , Hofer Andre , Wassilew Georgi I. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThe dynamic alignment of the lumbar spine, pelvis and femur is increasingly studied in hip preservation surgery. However, the interaction between lumbopelvic alignment, acetabular and femoral morphology and its influence on patients' preoperative symptom burden remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether lumbopelvic malalignment affects osseous hip morphology and exacerbates preoperative patient‐reported joint functionality in patients undergoing periacetabular osteotomy (PAO).MethodsOne hundred thirteen patients were prospectively enroled in this single‐centre study. Sagittal lumbopelvic radiographs were used to divide the patients in accordance with their lumbopelvic alignment (pelvic incidence [PI]–lumbar lordosis [LL] mismatch) into a balanced (PI–LL: 10° and 10°/n = 60) and unbalanced alignment (PI–LL: <10° and >10°/n = 53) group. Intergroup analyses were performed for acetabular and femoral morphology as well as various patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) scores (modified Harris‐Hip, Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome, International Hip Outcome tool‐12 and University of California Los Angeles activity scale).ResultsPatients with concomitant unbalanced lumbopelvic alignment due to hyperlordosis showed higher femoral head coverage and lower femoral anteversion (lateral centre‐edge angle 20.2° vs. 15.8°, p = 0.012/anterior wall index 0.47 vs. 0.36, p = 0.001/acetabular inclination 10.2° vs. 13.6°, p = 0.008/Femoral anteversion 21.3° vs. 28.2°, p = 0.041). Furthermore, these patients were significantly younger at the time of PAO (28.7 vs. 32.4 years, p = 0.020), even when there were no intergroup differences in all analyzed PROMs.ConclusionConcomitant lumbopelvic deformity affecting the hip joint morphology could aggravate clinical symptoms leading to earlier presentation in patients undergoing PAO. Thus, the lumbopelvic balance needs to be carefully evaluated in clinical decision‐making in PAO patients and future research should focus on long‐term outcomes of patients with concomitant unbalanced lumbopelvic alignment.Level of EvidenceLevel III, prognostic study.