bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Donor Modification of Boron‐Based Emitters to Produce Aggregation‐Induced Emission and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence for Blue OLEDs
Authors: Devulapally Mohan Gandhi , Jeong Yeonju , Lee Jae Hee , Kwon Min Jeong , Kang Sunwoo , Kim Taekyung , Hong Wan Pyo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTwo novel multi‐donor emitters, bearing 1,1,4,4,12,12,15,15‐octamethyl‐1,2,3,4,12,13,14,15‐octahydro‐6,10‐dioxa‐16b‐boraanthra[3,2,1‐de]tetracene (CyDOBNA) are presented. In 3TPA‐CyDOBNA, three electron‐rich triphenylamine (TPA) units are positioned on the central benzene ring of CyDOBNA to maximize distortion from an acceptor plane. This modification reduces the singlet–triplet energy gap (ΔEST) by 0.16 eV, highlighting its thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) characteristics. However, congested TPA donors on the bottom side of the central benzene are found to facilitate non‐radiative decay in a triplet state, indicating that ΔEST alone is insufficient for optimal device performance. Further refinement led to the creation of Ph2TPA‐CyDOBNA, where two TPA donors and one phenyl group are positioned side by side to minimize non‐radiative pathways while preserving the TADF behavior. This results in a reverse intersystem crossing rate of 2.30 × 105 s−1 and ΔEST of 0.15 eV. Photophysical investigations reveal that these emitters exhibit not only TADF but also aggregation‐induced emission properties, maintaining a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) even in the solid state. In a doped OLED device, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 18.9% is achieved for 3TPA‐CyDOBNA. Compared with 3TPA‐CyDOBNA, the EQE of Ph2TPA‐CyDOBNA improves by 21.1%, primarily because of the suppression of excessive flexibility from the three TPA donors.
Quantitative Pupillometry Predicts Neurologic Deterioration in Patients with Large Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke
Authors: Du Yili , Pohlmann Jack E. , Chatzidakis Stefanos , Brush Benjamin , Malinger Leigh Ann , Stafford Rebecca A. , Cervantes‐Arslanian Anna M. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Gilmore Emily J. , Dupuis Josée , Greer David M. , Smirnakis Stelios M. , Mohammed Shariq , Ong Charlene J. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study assesses whether longitudinal quantitative pupillometry predicts neurological deterioration after large middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke and determines how early changes are detectable.MethodsThis prospective, single‐center observational cohort study included patients with large MCA stroke admitted to Boston Medical Center's intensive care unit (2019–2024). Associations between time‐to‐neurologic deterioration and quantitative pupillometry, including Neurological Pupil Index (NPi), were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models with time‐dependent covariates adjusted for age, sex, and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score. Models using dilation velocity were compared with partial likelihood ratio tests. Pupillometric changes over 2‐h intervals in the 12 h preceding deterioration were analyzed with linear mixed‐effects modeling and Tukey's test. Matched referents (age, sex, stroke side, follow‐up duration) were used for comparison. Optimal thresholds were identified using the Youden Index.ResultsAmong 71 patients (mean age 66.5 years; 59.2% women), 32 (45.1%) experienced deterioration. A 1‐unit decrease in NPi was associated with a higher hazard of deterioration (hazard ratio 2.46; 95% confidence interval 1.68–3.61). Dilation velocity improved model performance compared to NPi alone. NPi was significantly lower at 0–2 h (3.81 vs. 4.38, p = 0.001) and 2–4 h (3.71 vs. 4.38, p < 0.001) before deterioration compared to 10–12 h prior. Optimal thresholds were 4.01 for NPi, 0.49 mm/s for dilation velocity, and −0.15 change in NPi over 12 h.InterpretationQuantitative pupillometry predicts neurological deterioration in MCA stroke, with declines detectable up to 12 h prior. Dilation velocity shows promise as a novel biomarker. ANN NEUROL 2025
Liquid Metal Nanobiohybrids for High‐Performance Solar‐Driven Methanogenesis via Multi‐Interface Engineering
Authors: Gu Wenzhi , Hu Jing , Li Lei , Hong Mingqiu , Zhang Dong , Chen Jiajing , Ye Jie , Zhou Shungui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNanobiohybrids for solar‐driven methanogenesis present a promising solution to the global energy crisis. However, conventional semiconductor‐based nanobiohybrids face challenges such as limited tunability and poor biocompatibility, leading to undesirable spontaneous electron and proton transfer that compromise their structural stability and CH4 selectivity. Herein, we introduced eutectic gallium–indium alloys (EGaIn), featuring a self‐limiting surface oxide layer surrounding the liquid metal core after sonication, integrated with Methanosarcina barkeri (M. b). The well‐designed M. b–EGaIn nanobiohybrids exhibited superior performance, achieving a maximum CH4 yield of 455.64±15.99 μmol g−1, long‐term stability across four successive 7‐day cycles, and remarkable CH4 selectivity of >99 %. These improvements stem from enhanced proton‐coupled electron transfer involving hydrogen atoms at the core–shell interface, further facilitated by the elevated expression of hydrogenases at the abiotic–biotic interface. This study provides an insightful concept for nanobiohybrid design through multi‐interface engineering, advancing sustainable and scalable CO2‐to‐biofuel conversion under ambient conditions.
Incorporating Ionic Liquid 1‐Ethyl‐3‐Methylimidazolium Bromide Into PVA‐LiAc–Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes to Achieve Advanced Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Purwanti Endah , Wahyuningrum Deana , Rochliadi Achmad , Ndruru Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo , Arcana I Made 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) serve as both separators and electrolytes, enhancing the safety of energy storage devices by eliminating liquid components. In this study, we present SPEs prepared from a blend of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), lithium acetate (LiAc), and the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide ([EMIm]Br). This combination prevents leakage issues common with liquid electrolytes and addresses the low conductivity of typical solid electrolytes. The prepared SPEs are easy to produce, highly transparent, thermally stable up to 271°C, and exhibit high ionic conductivity, with values of 2.21 × 10−5 S cm−1 when 40% [EMIm]Br is added to the PVA/10% LiAc membrane. Additionally, this composition demonstrates a mechanical strength of 20.40 MPa and an elongation of 485.12%. These findings highlight the strong potential of [EMIm]Br–based SPEs for lithium‐ion batteries.
Depth‐Related Controls on the Quantitative Composition of Rhodolith Matrices in the High Arctic
Authors: Pyko Ines , Wisshak Max , Teichert Sebastian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe calcareous matrix of rhodoliths can be composed of one or more crustose coralline algae (CCA) taxa as well as a mixed assemblage of various encrusting organisms. Studies on modern and fossil rhodoliths assume such associations to vary with water depth. Our study explores the quantitative biological composition of calcareous rhodolith matrices along a bathymetric gradient at the Arctic Svalbard archipelago. Using a methodological combination of virtual micro‐CT cross‐sections with a modified point counting approach, we found five different taxonomic groups: CCA, bivalves, serpulids, bryozoans and balanids. While water depth does not influence the general taxon richness as well as the abundance of bivalves, it significantly affects the proportional matrix composition of encrusting organisms by a combination of environmental factors and biological interactions. The decrease in CCA skeletal material with increasing water depth is significantly governed by impaired irradiance conditions. Regular rhodolith movement in shallow waters fosters the proportion of CCA, while decreased movement in deeper waters spurs the proportion of other encrusters. This potentially results from post‐mortem fouling of dead rhodolith parts followed by a recolonization with slow‐growing CCA species Boreolithothamnion glaciale. Our results highlight mechanisms controlling the biogenic composition of calcareous rhodolith matrices and underline the potential of matrices compositions for palaeogeography and palaeobathymetry. Our study contributes to an improved understanding of the composition and developmental patterns of rhodoliths. This can add to a better comprehension of the respective ecosystems on a broader scale and be beneficial for conservation purposes.
Cognitive, Behavioral and Educational Outcomes in Children Aged 5–11 Years With Spina Bifida in Northern Ireland
Authors: Parajuli Yogesh Gopal , Sinclair Marlene 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionWhile improved medical and surgical care for children with spina bifida has improved their survival, some may have lower cognitive, behavioral and educational performance. The paper assesses the effect of spina bifida on cognitive, behavioral, and educational outcomes in 5–11 year olds.MethodsA cross‐sectional study design was used where data were collected from parents/guardians and teachers using Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, second edition (BRIEF2), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Teacher Academic Attainment Scale (TAAS).ResultsNineteen parental and 13 teacher responses were received for children with spina bifida, and 8 parental and seven teacher responses for children without Spina Bifida. Overall, the majority of the sample were female. Children in both groups performed at a similar level across subscales of BRIEF2 with the exception of Working Memory. No group differences were found in SDQ scales as assessed by parents; teacher assessment of conduct problems. Hyperactivity/inattention and peer problems were higher for children with spina bifida. Anticipated matched analysis was not possible due to unequal number of participants between the groups. Children with spina bifida performed similarly as peers without spina bifida in all subjects across the curriculum with the exception of English, Mathematics, and History.DiscussionBased on this small sample, a potential need for evidence‐based interventions to assist children with spina bifida in the cognitive area of working memory and also in English, Mathematics and History is postulated. Larger longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings.
Apical horizontal incision with periosteum graft wall technique for periodontal regeneration: A case study
Authors: Shiraishi Kazuhito , Chiou Lan‐Lin , Haga Takeshi , Hamada Yusuke , Cortellini Pierpaolo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe periosteum consists of an outer fibrous layer and an inner cellular layer, where bone cells reside. Hence, it has been suggested that applying periosteum to a periodontal defect may help new bone formation. The purpose of this case study is to present the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a vestibular regenerative approach and the application of a connective tissue graft (CTG) with periosteum to improve the periodontal prognosis of a pathologically migrated hopeless tooth with an endo‐periodontal lesion (EPL).MethodsA 35‐year‐old female presented with a hopeless tooth with EPL on #9. To preserve the papilla, a horizontal incision with two vertical releasing incisions was made on the buccal vestibule where the buccal bone was present. A CTG with periosteum was harvested from the tuberosity area. After applying enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and freeze‐dried bone allograft (FDBA), the CTG was placed over the defect and stabilized with absorbable sutures. The flap was replaced and sutured, achieving primary closure and healing by primary intention.ResultsFollowing regenerative procedure, a localized orthodontic treatment was applied. A minimal ridge resorption, shallow probing depth, and radiographic stability of periodontal bone level were observed.ConclusionThis case study shows the successful application of a multidisciplinary approach to save a hopeless tooth with severe bone destruction and a non‐contained periodontal defect.Key points
Multi‐disciplinary approach including endodontic, orthodontic, and periodontal regenerative procedure can improve the prognosis of natural teeth.
It would be beneficial to maintain the blood supply to the crestal part of the flap with apical incision.
Connective tissue graft with periosteum could enhance the healing potential when used in adjunct with periodontal regeneration.
Plain language summaryThe apical horizontal incision combined with periosteum graft could successfully save a tooth with severe bone destruction and a non‐contained periodontal defect. The importance of wound stability on the papillae area was achieved with the vestibular approach with application of the room concept. This method would be beneficial to improve the periodontal prognosis of a severely periodontally compromised tooth.
1‐Methylpyridine‐2(1H)‐thione Photocatalyzed Giese Reaction with N‐Hydroxyphthalimide Esters via Single Electron Transfer
Authors: Li Lanting , Wang Yuzhuo , Yuan Li , Tang Xinjun 
Published: January 2025

Comprehensive SummaryWe have developed a series of 1‐methylpyridine‐2(1H)‐thione (MPT) analogues to be used as organocatalysts. The MPT catalysts are easily prepared and bench‐stable. In our previous work, we found that the ground‐state MPT catalyst could act as a nucleophile to generate primary radicals via an SN2 pathway. However, this reaction was limited to benzyl radicals. Herein, we reported a new catalytic property of the MPT catalyst. The photoexcited MPT catalyst (E(MPT·+/MPT*) = –1.60 V vs. Ag/AgCl in MeCN) could reduce NHPI esters through a single electron transfer process. Various carbon radicals, including benzyl radical, as well as primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals, could be generated easily. Notably, amino acids, peptide, pharmaceuticals, and other biologically active molecules could be modified by using this methodology showing the potential synthetic utility of this method.
Membrane Proteins in Nanodiscs: Methods and Applications
Authors: Guo Jiaxu , Hou Qinghan , Tan Yulin , Fu Ruoheng , Huang Xuanwei , Cao Chan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMembrane proteins, a principal class of drug targets, play indispensable roles in various biological processes and are closely associated with essential life functions. Their study, however, is complicated by their low solubility in aqueous environments and distinctive structural characteristics, necessitating a suitable native‐like environment for molecular analysis. Nanodisc technology has revolutionized this field, providing biochemists with a powerful tool to stabilize membrane proteins and significantly enhance their research possibilities. This review outlines the substantial advancements in nanodisc methodologies and applications from 2018 to 2024. We cover the development of various nanodisc models, as well as structural and functional studies of membrane proteins that utilize nanodiscs, highlighting their medical applications.
Electrosynthesis of Silane‐Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Lead Ion Removal
Authors: Elkholy Ayman E. Ahmed , Poon Kingsley , Singh Gurvinder , Giansiracusa Marcus , Callaghan Kimberley L. , Boskovic Colette , Ellis Amanda V. , Kingshott Peter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe removal of heavy metal ions, such as lead (Pb2+), from aqueous systems is critical due to their high toxicity and bioaccumulation in living organisms. This study presents a straightforward approach for the synthesis and surface modification of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for the magnetic removal of Pb2+ ions. IONPs were produced via electrosynthesis at varying voltages (10–40 V), with optimal magnetic properties achieved at 40 V resulting in highly crystalline and magnetic IONPs in the gamma‐maghemite (γ‐Fe2O3) phase. IONPs were characterized using various techniques including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A novel electrochemical method was developed for the silanization of IONPs using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), (3‐mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The resulting silane‐modified IONPs were evaluated for the magnetic removal of Pb2+ ions, with TEOS‐modified IONPs demonstrating superior performance. This material exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 519 mg/g at a Pb2+ ion concentration of 300 ppm, and high removal efficiency across a range of Pb2+ ion concentrations, attributed to its Fe2O3@SiO2 core‐shell structure. This study highlights the potential of the electrochemical synthesis and silanization of nanoparticles for heavy metal remediation in water.
Long‐term use of low‐dose aspirin for cancer prevention: A 20‐year longitudinal cohort study of 1,506,525 Hong Kong residents
Authors: Lam Amy , Hao Ziyu , Yiu Karen , Chan Stephen , Chan Francis , Sung Joseph , Tsoi Kelvin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLong‐term use of low‐dose aspirin has been demonstrated to reduce cancer risk, but the duration of necessary medication use remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the long‐term chemoprotective effect of aspirin among the Chinese population. This population‐based study included all aspirin users between 2000 and 2019. Aspirin users were age‐sex matched with non‐users at a 1:2 ratio. Cancer incidence and mortality were the main outcomes measured. Survival analyses with the Fine–Gray modelling were performed. The chemoprotective effects were measured by the sub‐distribution hazard ratios (SHR) with control for the competing risks. A total of 538,147 aspirin users and 968,378 non‐users were included, with a mean age of 64.8 years, 9,543,399 person‐years of follow‐up and 90% of users with 80 mg aspirin. The long‐term use of aspirin was associated with a reduced risk of cancer (SHR 0.92, 95% CI 0.91–0.94) and a reduced risk of cancer mortality (SHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.79–0.82). Stronger chemopreventive effects were observed among those who used aspirin for more than 10 years, including risk reductions for lung (SHR 0.56, 95% CI 0.51–0.60), breast (SHR 0.34, 95% CI 0.29–0.38) and colorectal (SHR 0.37, 95% CI 0.33–0.40) cancers, but not for bladder cancer and leukaemia. Low‐dose use of aspirin was associated with lower risk of cancer among Chinese. The association was even stronger for those using aspirin for more than 10 years. Prescription of aspirin may be started as early as at age of 40, as the chemoprotective effect also applied for early cancers.
Gender dysphoria in a Hispanic pregnant transgender man: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Acevedo‐Arroyo Alexandra N. , Cruz‐Perez Hazel , Mejías‐Ramos Jorge Luis , Reyes‐Rosario Coral , Romaguera Josefina , González‐Rodríguez Loida 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere is limited research concerning the transgender population's health issues, such as gender dysphoria, and disparities within the healthcare system, especially in the Latino or Hispanic population. This study aimed to report the case of a Puerto Rican transgender man who achieved pregnancy without reproductive assistance after cessation of testosterone therapy for 3 months and who in the postpartum period experienced significant gender dysphoria. A narrative literature review was carried out to identify the role of gender dysphoria in pregnancy, lactation, health‐related spaces, and mental health. Gender dysphoria is an important component of reproductive care in this population and can be accompanied by mental health issues that can directly impact the preconception, conception, and postpartum periods. The identification of gender dysphoria and how to properly manage it during pregnancy in transgender individuals can aid in the process of providing affirming and inclusive reproductive health care to this population.
Binary Response Model With Many Weak Instruments
Authors: Seong Dakyung 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper considers an endogenous binary response model with many weak instruments. We employ a control function approach and a regularization scheme to obtain better estimation results for the endogenous binary response model in the presence of many weak instruments. Two consistent and asymptotically normally distributed estimators are provided, each of which is called a regularized conditional maximum likelihood estimator (RCMLE) and a regularized nonlinear least squares estimator (RNLSE). Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed estimators outperform the existing ones when there are many weak instruments. We use the proposed estimation method to examine the effect of family income on college completion.
An Artefact‐Minimized Raman Probe for Analyzing Biological Tissues
Authors: Khan Khan Mohammad , Krishna Hemant , Sahu Khageswar , Majumder Shovan K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAvailability of a suitable tool for carrying out non‐invasive measurement of Raman signatures in situ, from biological tissues having low Raman cross section is a clinically unmet need faced with manifold challenges. A Raman probe can prove to be an invaluable component of clinical Raman diagnostic systems. We present development of a Raman probe capable of measuring artefact free Raman spectra of biological tissues in situ. The developed probe uses a single lens for simultaneous illumination and collection of the Raman signal backscattered from the sample surface. This configuration ensures not only maximum overlapping of the illumination and collection volumes, ultimately leading to optimal throughput but also reduces the fiber‐induced artefacts. The results show a superior performance of the developed Raman probe in measuring the Raman signatures from biological samples having lower Raman cross‐sections, compared to that of the two commercially available Raman probes.
Using Virtual Reality to Promote Self‐Identity Reconstruction as the Main Focus of Therapy
Authors: Garcia‐Gutierrez Alejandro , Montesano Adrián , Feixas Guillem 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBased on the repertory grid technique, we developed Explore Your Meanings (EYME), a digital platform that helps patients explore identity values and internal conflicts using virtual reality (VR). EYME was part of a research project treating depression in young adults, including 10 weekly, 1‐h sessions aimed at changing personal constructs—cognitive schemas that shape how individuals interpret reality. We present the case of Mary, a 21‐year‐old woman diagnosed with persistent major depressive disorder and social phobia. Early sessions with EYME revealed key implicit dilemmas in Mary's worldview, such as feeling that she had to be selfish (an undesired personal characteristic) to become smarter and more self‐confident (desired pole). As Mary visualized these constructs in VR, she began to recognize her identity conflicts and strengths, ultimately helping her to improve her negative self‐image. Interventions focused on reframing these constructs, particularly around “intelligence” and introducing “emotional intelligence,” which helped Mary adopt a more nuanced view of herself. A key session involved a two‐chair dialog between her “critical” and “emotional” selves, facilitating the integration of polarized aspects of her personality. In subsequent sessions, EYME reinforced these changes, with Mary reinterpreting behaviors like being “selective” as protective rather than negative. By the end of therapy, she no longer met the criteria for depression or social phobia, and her psychological distress had normalized.