bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in the ab initio theory of solid-state defect qubits
Authors: Gali Ádám 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Solid-state defects acting as single photon sources and quantum bits are leading contenders in quantum technologies. Despite great efforts, not all the properties and behaviours of the presently known solid-state defect quantum bits are understood. Furthermore, various quantum technologies require novel solutions, thus new solid-state defect quantum bits should be explored to this end. These issues call to develop ab initio methods which accurately yield the key parameters of solid-state defect quantum bits and vastly accelerate the identification of novel ones for a target quantum technology application. In this review, we describe recent developments in the field including the calculation of excited states with quantum mechanical forces, treatment of spatially extended wavefunctions in supercell models, methods for temperature-dependent Herzberg–Teller fluorescence spectrum and photo-ionisation thresholds, accurate calculation of magneto-optical parameters of defects consisting of heavy atoms, as well as spin-phonon interaction responsible for temperature dependence of the longitudonal spin relaxation T
1 time and magneto-optical parameters, and finally the calculation of spin dephasing and spin-echo times. We highlight breakthroughs including the description of effective-mass like excited states of deep defects and understanding the leading microscopic effect in the spin-relaxation of isolated nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond.
Transphonologization of onset voicing: revisiting Northern and Eastern Kmhmu’
Authors: Kirby James , Pittayaporn Pittayawat , Brunelle Marc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhonation and vowel quality are often thought to play a vital role at the initial stage of tonogenesis. This paper investigates the production of voicing and tones in a tonal Northern Kmhmu’ dialect spoken in Nan Province, Thailand, and a non-tonal Eastern Kmhmu’ dialect spoken in Vientiane, Laos, from both acoustic and electroglottographic perspectives. Large and consistent VOT differences between voiced and voiceless stops are preserved in Eastern Kmhmu’, but are not found in Northern Kmhmu’, consistent with previous reports. With respect to pitch, f0 is clearly a secondary property of the voicing contrast in Eastern Kmhmu’, but unquestionably the primary contrastive property in Northern Kmhmu’. Crucially, no evidence is found to suggest that either phonation type or formant differences act as significant cues to voicing in Eastern Kmhmu’ or tones in Northern Kmhmu’. These results suggests that voicing contrasts can also be transphonologized directly into f0-based contrasts, skipping a registral stage based primarily on phonation and/or vowel quality.
Teaching Primary School Students Reflection on Learning: Opportunities in Lithuanian Language Textbooks
Authors: Kulevičienė Rasa 
Published: January 2023

In Lithuania, the enablement of primary form students to reflect on learning, and especially during lessons of the Lithuanian language, is little investigated. Therefore, this paper discusses what possibilities are provided by student books on the Lithuanian language Taip and Pupa in this process. The method of thematic analysis was used for the analysis of the said student books. The research revealed that student books from the series Taip include high-quality instruments to achieve this aim, i.e., questions for children’s reflections, open-ended sentences, starting from form 1. Even though these elements remain the same in particular forms throughout an entire school year, a teacher can employ them for different purposes. It was also found that high quality instruments included in the Lithuanian language student books Pupa, i.e. questions on reflecting about learning, are introduced respectively from form 2. Like in student books on the Lithuanian language Taip, instruments for particular forms are the same for an entire school year. The research also revealed that instruments presented in student book series on the Lithuanian language Taip and Pupa are highly valuable, as teachers have the possibility to empower school students to reflect on learning during Lithuanian language lessons in many various aspects, such as cognitive, sensitive, and emotional activities, the problem and value of learning, decision-making, etc.
The influence of PbO excess in the charge on the optical transmission of Pb2MoO5 crystals
Authors: Bochkova T. M. , Trubitsyn M. P. , Volnianskii M. D. , Volnianska I. P. 
Published: January 2023

The single crystals of acousto-optic Pb2MoO5 were grown by the Czochralski technique from a charge of stoichiometric composition and with an excess of lead oxide. Optical transmission spectra of these crystals were measured in the visible wavelength range. The effect of the heat treatment in air and in vacuum was considered. Changes in the valence state of a part of Mo6+ ions to Mo5+ and possible microinclusions of foreign phases are supposed to be responsible for the decrease in the optical transmission of crystals obtained from the charge with PbO excess.
Toward to Explain of Working Principles of Blood-Brain Barriers Like X-Ray Devices: A Neurophysical Hypothesis
Authors: AYDİN Mehmet , GÜLER Mustafa Can , ATALAY Canan , KELEŞ Osman Nuri 
Published: January 2023

Objective: The blood-brain barrier is an electromagnetic mechanism on a neurophysical basis. In this study, we compared the X-Ray device, which is similar to the blood-brain barrier in many ways.
Material and Methods: We collected brain samples from deep temporal cortex sections of ten rats, stained them via the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) technique, visualized the architectural structures of the blood-brain barriers, and compared them with X-ray devices.
Results: With the arterioles forming the tube blood-brain barrier in the X-ray device, the anode-cathode that provides the electric current and determines the direction of the current flow corresponds to the astrocytes surrounding the anode-cathode vessel, the cooling system to the cerebrospinal fluid circulating the vessel, and the electrons emitted from the cathode to the particles flowing in the vessel.
Conclusion: With the architecture presented by the blood-brain barrier, we envision it functioning as an X-Ray and optical reader that display objects in passenger baggage and direct them according to barcode numbers.
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Prognostic Nutrition Index And Mortality In Patients With Femur Fracture
Authors: TAŞKIN Öztürk , DEMİR Ufuk , YILMAZ Ayşe , ÖZCAN Selahattin , DOĞANAY Zahide 
Published: January 2023

Aim: The incidence of adverse postoperative outcomes in surgeries for femur fractures is high and is associated with malnutrition. In this study, it was aimed to determine the independent factors for 6-month survival in patients with femur fracture and to evaluate the predictive value of the prognostic nutrition index (PNI).

Material and Method: One hundred and sixteen patients operated on only for femoral fracture were divided into survival and non-survival groups according to mortality.Demographic characteristics of the patients, operation data, fracture sites, need for intensive care unit and length of stay, postoperative hospital stay, and preoperative laboratory values, prognostic nutrition indices and mortality were evaluated.
Results: Twenty-six (22.4%) of 116 patients who were operated for femoral fracture resulted in 6-month mortality. CRP, albumin, prealbumin, crp/albumin ratio and PNI values at admission were independent risk factors for postoperative mortality (p=0.014, p
Evaluation of the relationship between intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive functions in laparoscopic hysterectomy surgery
Authors: YILMAZ Resul , ÇEKDEMİR Hasan , TÜREN DEMİR Emine , ARICAN Şule , HACIBEYOĞLU Gülçin , REİSLİ Ruhiye , TUNCER Sema 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Laparoscopic surgery has become more popular than traditional open surgery because it is less invasive, provides faster recovery, and provides better cosmetic success. This procedure requires insufflation of an inert gas into the peritoneal cavity. This may be an increase in arterial CO2, changes in cerebral blood flow, an increase in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), a decrease in cardiac output. The primary outcome of this study is to show the effect of IAP levels on cerebral oxygen saturation (COS) in patients who underwent laparoscopic total abdominal hysterectomy, and the secondary outcome is to reveal the relationship between IAP and COS and the recovery of postoperative cognitive functions.
Material and Method: Demographic data of the cases were recorded and mini-mental test (MMT) was applied to evaluate the preoperative cognitive functions of the cases before surgery. COS monitoring were performed with standard anesthesia procedure for all patients. The MMT was repeated after the surgery.
Results: A total of 40 female patients were included in the study. Those with IAP level 12 and below were defined as Group Low-Pressure, and those above 12 were defined as Group High-Pressure. There was no statistical difference between the anesthesia times and recovery times of the two groups. While there was no statistical difference in the preoperative MMT evaluation, it was found to be significantly lower in Group H in the postoperative MMT evaluation.
Conclusion: In this study, we evaluated the effect of intraoperative IAP levels on intraoperative COS. It is seen that high IAP level does not have a negative effect on COS. In addition, this study has evidence that high IAP affects postoperative cognitive functions. In intraoperative management for TLH surgery, we recommend maintaining the IAP level at the lowest appropriate pressure that does not impair surgical comfort.
Evaluation of The Relationship Between Nutrition Knowledge and Sustainable Food Literacy
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Elif Esra , ÖZGEN Leyla 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between nutrition knowledge and sustainable food literacy.

Material and Method: It was carried out in 280 people aged 19 to 75 years. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. To measure the level of sustainable of food literacy, the Sustainable Food Literacy Scale was applied. Nutrition knowledge was evaluated using nutrition knowledge questionnaire.

Results: Participants in the low-nutrition knowledge group had lower sustainable food knowledge scores than those of the medium and high nutrition knowledge groups (p
Could uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio be considered as a marker of hemodialysis sufficiency?
Authors: ÇAPRAZ Mustafa , COŞKUN Orhan 
Published: January 2023

Aim: Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the most widely utilized renal replacement therapies in individuals with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to compare the Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio (UHR) levels of well-treated HD patients to those of those who had inadequate HD therapy.
Materials and Methods: Data on HD patients were acquired from patient files and the institution's database. A URR value of more than 70% designated the sufficient HD group, whereas less than 70% defined the insufficient HD group. Furthermore, laboratory data, such as the UHR of the study groups, were compared.
Results: The UHRs for adequate and inadequate HD were 0.160±04 and 0.20±0.07, respectively. The UHR of patients with insufficient HD was substantially greater than that of the subjects with sufficient HD (p=0.004). Besides, UHR was substantially and positively connected with urea before HD (r=0.37, p=0.001), urea after HD (r=0.39, p=0.001), serum creatinine before HD (r=0.48, p0.001), serum creatinine after HD (r=0.45, p0.001), and negatively correlated with URR (r=-0.29, p=0.008), according to correlation analyses. In individuals with chronic renal disease, a UHR value higher than 0.16 exhibited 67% sensitivity and 57% specificity in detecting inadequate HD.
Conclusion: We propose that UHR, in addition to URR, might be used to determine HS sufficiency in CKD patients undergoing HD therapy.
Evaluation of Cardiac Arrhythmia Susceptibility in Pediatric Familial Mediterranean Fever Patients
Authors: GÜNGÖRER Vildan , SERT Ahmet , ARSLAN Şükrü  
Published: January 2023

Aim: Familial Mediterranean fever is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by attacks of inflammation. Despite treatment, there is evidence of subclinical persistence of inflammation with normal laboratory values. This study was conducted to investigate the cardiac effects of continued subclinical inflammation in children and the predisposition towards arrhythmia in familial Mediterranean fever.
Materials and Methods: Age and sex-matched familial Mediterranean fever patients and healthy controls were compared in terms of demographic, laboratory, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic data. The patients with familial Mediterranean fever were grouped according to disease severity scores and compared in terms of electrocardiographic data that could indicate arrhythmogenesis. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the electrocardiographic measurements and the clinical and laboratory data.
Results: In the comparison of the two groups, no significant difference was found in the echocardiographic measurements in terms of left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. According to these data, QT and Tp-e intervals were significantly longer in those with familial Mediterranean fever (p=0.002, p=0.046, respectively). When the patients were classified according to the 3 separate disease severity scores, QT dispersion in the moderate-severe disease group was significantly longer than in the mild disease group (p
Editorial
Authors: Villada Osorio Diego 
Published: January 2023

Deseo exponer a usted algunos aspectos. A propósito de la tradición educativa. Con el firme propósito de establecer un diálogo académico, y en lo posible de carácter científico con los diversos actores del mundo de la educación, escribo estas cortas reflexiones: como espacio a la visibilidad y a usted como posible interlocutor, le puede interesar en menor o mayor grado construir un debate profundo sobre el quehacer educativo; el cual no escapa, de ninguna manera, a nuestra influencia y presencia.
Editorial
Authors: Jurado Grisales Claudia 
Published: January 2023

Es para mí un honor volver a escribir en la Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Educativos. Hace algunos años, como estudiante de la Maestría en Educación de la Universidad de Caldas, publiqué un artículo sobre la relación entre la globalización y la educación superior, en el que realicé una disertación en torno a la falta de financiación estatal a las universidades públicas, lo cual ha propiciado impactos negativos en su independencia y autonomía.
Esta reflexión, realizada hace más de 10 años, sigue más viva que nunca en nuestro contexto. En el sistema de educación pública persiste la falta de apoyo presupuestal del Estado, lo cual ha puesto bajo amenaza su expansión, calidad y continuidad. Esta situación, que ha devenido en una crisis estructural, es precisamente la que ha impulsado la creación de un enorme movimiento universitario en Colombia, el cual se desarrolla en exigencia de mejores condiciones para la educación superior oficial.
Debo señalar en esta ocasión que el panorama de la educación en Colombia golpea con especial fuerza a las facultades y unidades de educación, ya que limita la calidad de la formación de los maestros y pone obstáculos al avance del conocimiento educativo, pedagógico y didáctico. En nuestro país la profesión docente, en lugar de ser reconocida como una actividad de capital importancia, es asumida en los planes, políticas y presupuestos como una profesión fácilmente intercambiable con otros oficios o de facto prescindible.
Nos falta aún mucho para comprender, como sociedad consciente y expectante por su futuro, que gran parte del desarrollo ambiental, cultural, económico y social de la nación depende del acompañamiento y apoyo que se les dé a los maestros en el proceso educativo.
Por eso hay que reconocer la labor que la Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Educación –ASCOFADE– y las diversas unidades de formadores del país vienen realizando con el ánimo de salvaguardar los derechos de los profesionales en el campo de la enseñanza. Es esencial que el proceso de formación de nuestros docentes, en aras de ser crítico, reflexivo e integral, para lo cual se requiere que los actuales y futuros maestros reflexionen profundamente sobre el estado actual de la educación en el país y acerca de las razones que impulsan movimientos como el actual.
Espero que estas y otras reflexiones sobre la educación, la pedagogía, el currículo y la didáctica sigan iluminando el camino de una revista, que como esta, se ha convertido en un referente continental.
Forward osmosis treatment of thermal evaporator brine stream
Authors: EN Sitabule  , C Buckley  
Published: January 2023

Forward osmosis technology was evaluated for treating evaporator brine stream from a petrochemical industry at bench scale using ammonium bicarbonate as a draw solution. Calcium carbonate scaling that forms from the interaction between the calcium ions in the feed solution and carbonate ions from the draw solution (reverse salt diffusion) leads to the reduction in water flux and water recoveries achievable (feed TDS concentration of ~60 000 mg‧L−1, calcium ~545 mg‧L−1 and draw solution (ammonium bicarbonate) concentration of ~240 000 mg‧L−1). Fouling can be prevented by softening the feedwater before it is treated in forward osmosis. Without calcium and magnesium, permeate fluxes and water recoveries of up to 6 L‧m−2‧h−1 and 60%, respectively, could be achieved. It was also observed in this study that the concentration of the calcium ions in the feed does have an impact on the formation of the calcium carbonate scale, implying that some hardness can be tolerated in the feed to the forward osmosis process. It can, therefore, be concluded that without some hardness removal, ammonium bicarbonate draw solution is not suitable for treating concentrated brine streams (e.g., evaporator brine) that contain a high concentration of calcium ions. FO technology using ammonium bicarbonate as a draw solution can be considered an alternative technology to treat concentrated brine streams from inland industries, provided some pre-treatment to remove scaling precursors such as calcium is incorporated in the flow scheme.
Empleo de una β-galactosidasa comercial de Kluyveromyces lactis en la hidrólisis de lactosuero
Authors: Beltran F. Laura Julliet , Acosta C. Alejandro 
Published: January 2023

Introducción
El lactosuero es el mayor subproducto de desecho de la industria láctea. Por sus elevados valores de DBO se considera un foco de contaminación de aguas y suelo cuando se descarta sin ningún tratamiento. Una alternativa para la disposición final de este residuo agroindustrial, es su utilización como medio de cultivo para varios procesos fermentativos, después de una hidrólisis enzimática, de esta manera garantizar una mayor disponibilidad de azucares fermentables, para su posterior aplicación en biotecnología, medio ambiente y/o alimentos
objetivo
Evaluar los efectos del pH, temperatura y concentración de la enzima sobre lactosuero empleando una β- galactosidasa comercial de Kluyveromyces lactis y determinar los parámetros cinéticos de la enzima.

Materiales y Métodos

La hidrólisis de la lactosa se desarrolló tanto en soluciones tamponadas de lactosa como en lactosuero, se evaluaron 5 niveles para el pH (4,5 - 8,5), temperatura (25°C-65°C) y concentración de enzima (0,025 g/L - 0,5 g/L), todos los experimentos se realizaron por triplicado en matraz de 100 mL y los datos fueron analizados empleando el software GraphPad Prism.

Resultados

A un pH de 6,5 y una temperatura de 45°C, se alcanzaron las mejores condiciones de hidrolisis del lactosuero. De acuerdo a los resultados cinéticos, la enzima presentó inhibición competitiva por galactosa con un K migual a 8,01x10 M, Ki de6,85x10 M y V max de 1,86x10 molmg.

Conclusión

Las mejores condiciones de temperatura y pH fueron de 6,5°C y 45°C respectivamente, se alcanzó un 100% de hidrólisis en una hora con 0,1 g/L de enzima. Además, se evidenció que la velocidad de reacción de la enzima fue inhibida por galactosa.
Criteria and Methods of Punishment Individualization in Administrative Cases
Authors: Nobel A. R. 
Published: January 2023

The paper examines the concept and essence of punishment individualization as a principle of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses. This principle is implemented by consolidating in the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses of the ordinary rules for imposing administrative punishment applicable to any administrative offense, and special rules applied to individual administrative offenses and those who committed them. On the basis of a systematic analysis of ordinary and special rules of sentencing, law upholders use such methods of individualization as determining the rules for punishment imposition within the limits of the sanction provided for under the relevant article of the Special Part of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation and under the laws of constituent entities of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses or the possibility of imposing administrative punishment, the type or size of which is not provided for by sanctions of the relevant provisions. The paper explains the system and content of the criteria of individualization taken into account for the imposition of administrative punishment and the practice of their application. The author considers safeguards for implementation of the principle of individualization of punishment.
O que dizem os alunos sobre o uso de Mapas Mentais e Mapas Conceituais para sua aprendizagem?
Authors: Miranda Ana Telma da Silva , Valle Mariana Guelero do 
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as percepções dos alunos sobre a construção de Mapas Mentais e Mapas Conceituais destacando as características individuais de cada um. A pesquisa foi realizada com trinta e seis alunos do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública de São Luis/MA. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários, respondidos pelos participantes após vivencias com a construção de mapas em sala de aula. Os dados foram analisados segundo o referencial da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados apontam que os alunos compreenderam as finalidades dos mapas como recursos de apoio a aprendizagem. Alguns apresentaram dificuldades na construção de Mapas Conceituais, devido a necessidade de seguir as regras de elaboração pela falta de prática. Na percepção deles, a utilização dos Mapas Mentais ajuda na organização das ideias e, de forma geral o processo de elaboração de mapas, sejam mentais ou conceituais podem facilitar o processo de aprendizagem.