bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty and Triple Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in Eyes With Macular Comorbidity
Authors: Steindor Friedrich A. , Büchau Till M. , Borgardts Klara Charlotte , Borrelli Maria , Guthoff Rainer , Geerling Gerd , Spaniol Kristina 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate results after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and DMEK with cataract surgery (triple DMEK) in eyes with endothelial dysfunction and concomitant macular pathology.

Methods:
A monocentric, prospective clinical observational study of patients who underwent DMEK or triple DMEK surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany, from June 2013 to February 2016 was conducted. Sex, age, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, and central retinal thickness in the 1 millimeter zone were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 209 eyes were included in the study. Forty-two eyes (20.1%) had vision-limiting concomitant maculopathies. These were age-related macular degeneration (n = 17, 8.1%), epiretinal gliosis (n = 13, 6.2%), chronic macular edema (n = 7, 3.3%), macular holes (n = 3, 1.4%), and macular scarring (n = 2, 1.0%). BCVA significantly increased in patients without maculopathy from 0.6 ± 0.33 logMAR to 0.1 ± 0.15 logMAR (P < 0.001) and also in patients with maculopathy from 0.9 ± 0.38 logMAR to 0.27 ± 0.23 logMAR 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.001). There was a significant central retinal thickness increase of 34.1 μm 6 weeks after triple DMEK in the central 1-mm zone (P = 0.011). This increase was insignificant after DMEK. Postoperative macular edema occurred in 5.9% of cases after DMEK and 8.1% after triple DMEK, which was not significantly different.

Conclusions:
DMEK and triple DMEK significantly increase BCVA in eyes with concomitant maculopathy. Postoperative macular edema is a common disorder after lamellar keratoplasty; therefore, prophylactic treatment with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs should be considered. Maculopathies did not predispose the development of postoperative macular edema.
Patient-Reported Quality of Vision in a Prospective Randomized Contralateral-Eye Trial Comparing LASIK and SMILE
Authors: Ma Kevin K. , Manche Edward E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
To compare patient-reported quality of vision and visual symptoms in participants undergoing laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Setting:
Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University

Design:
Prospective randomized contralateral-eye clinical trial

Methods:
Subjects with myopia were randomized to receive wavefront-guided femtosecond LASIK in one eye and SMILE in the fellow eye. Participants reported the presence and severity of adverse visual symptoms via the Patient-Reported Outcomes With Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (PROWL) questionnaire and reported which eye had better vision at the preoperative and the postoperative 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month visits.

Results:
80 eyes of 40 participants were treated. There was no difference in the presence or severity of double vision, glare, halo, or starbursts between eyes that underwent LASIK or SMILE at each visit (P ≥ 0.85 for each comparison). Scaled scores for the presence of visual symptoms improved from the preoperative visit to the postoperative month 12 visit for double vision (88 vs 97, P=0.03), glare (77 vs 92, P=0.02), halos (68 vs 87, P<0.01), and starbursts (60 vs 86, P<0.01). At the postoperative month 12 visit, 17/37 (46%) of participants preferred the vision from the eye that underwent LASIK compared to 7/37 (19%) that underwent SMILE. The preferred eye was correlated with uncorrected visual acuity (r=0.52, P<0.01).

Conclusions:
Rates of visual symptoms were similar for LASIK and SMILE, and visual symptoms improved with time. More patients preferred vision from the eye that underwent LASIK compared to SMILE.
New features of parenteral nutrition in home care and acute care setting for the older population
Authors: Salonen Bradley , Martindale Robert G. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
The intent of this review is to highlight any recent changes in the delivery of parenteral nutrition to the geriatric population. The percentage of patients in the geriatric age group increases clinical awareness of the potential risks and benefits of appropriate parenteral nutrition delivery, which is crucial to well tolerated and optimum outcomes.

Recent findings
The major recent finding is the increased awareness of risk of parenteral nutrition in the elderly population.

Summary
The implications of this very brief review expose the need for further focused studies to better clarify the specifics of parenteral nutrition in this vulnerable ageing population. The importance of nutritional risk assessment cannot be overstated. With the rapidly expanding volume of geriatric population, the need for more data to better understand the delicate balance in parenteral nutrition therapy for both the acute care setting and home parenteral population is needed.
Utilizing type 2 diabetes medications outside glycemic parameters – where are we headed?
Authors: Malkani Natasha Prakash , Aroda Vanita R. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Glucose-lowering medications have become strong choices for purposes beyond glucose control in both patients with and without type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have explored the use of specific glucose-lowering therapies in areas such as cardiovascular disease, renal disease, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and Alzheimer's disease, among others. This begs the question if glycemic parameters should be the sole criteria utilized for initiation of diabetes therapeutic agents.

Recent findings
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in particular have demonstrated significant benefits beyond glucose control, with each demonstrating improvement, to various extent, on cardiovascular and renal outcomes, disease-modifying weight loss, progression from prediabetes, and treatment of NAFLD by ameliorating inflammation.

Summary
Clinical practice guidelines have been updated to reflect the use of these medications to achieve cardiometabolic, renal, and weight goals in addition to glycemic control. The success of glucose-lowering medications in the aforementioned areas have informed the research pursuits in investigating these agents for their anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and lipotoxic reduction effects in other diseases entirely.
Successful treatment of switching from benzodiazepine to orexin receptor antagonists improves cognitive function in psychiatric disorders: four case reports
Authors: Hori Hikaru 
Published: December 2022

Objective
Benzodiazepines are used in the treatmentof anxiety and insomnia. On the other hand, they not only have side effects such as drowsiness, poor concentration, and muscle relaxation but also persistent cognitive decline. Even if we try to reduce the dose of these drugs to improve drug-induced cognitive function, it is difficult to do so due to dependence and worsening insomnia.

Methods
I report four cases in which cognitive dysfunction was improved by switching from benzodiazepines to orexin receptor antagonists (suvorexant and lemborexant ).

Results
Orexin receptor antagonists were effective to improve cognitive impairment.

Conclusion
In cognitive dysfunction caused by benzodiazepines, switching to orexin receptor antagonists may be effective.
SpyDisplay: A Versatile Phage Display Selection System using SpyTag/SpyCatcher Technology
Authors: Kellmann Sarah-Jane , Hentrich Christian , Putyrski Mateusz , Hanuschka Hanh , Cavada Manuel , Knappik Achim , Ylera Francisco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhage display is an established method for thein vitroselection of recombinant antibodies and other proteins or peptides from gene libraries. Here we describe SpyDisplay, a phage display method in which the display is achieved via SpyTag/SpyCatcher protein ligation instead of genetically fusing the displayed protein to a phage coat protein. In our implementation, SpyTagged Fab antibody fragments are displayed via protein ligation on filamentous phages carrying SpyCatcher fused to the pIII coat protein. A library of genes encoding Fab antibodies was cloned in an expression vector containing f1 replication origin, and SpyCatcher-pIII was separately expressed from a genomic locus in engineeredE. coli. We demonstrate the functional, covalent display of Fab on phage, and rapidly isolate specific high-affinity clones via phage panning, confirming the robustness of this selection system. SpyTagged Fabs – the direct outcome of the panning campaign - are compatible with modular antibody assembly using prefabricated SpyCatcher modules and can be directly tested in diverse assays. Furthermore, SpyDisplay streamlines additional applications that have traditionally been challenging for phage display: we show that it can be applied to N-terminal display of the protein of interest and it also enables display of cytoplasmically folding proteins exported to periplasm via the TAT pathway.
Transcriptomic reprogramming in a susceptiblePhaseolus vulgarisL. variety duringPseudomonas syringaeattack: The key role of homogalacturonan methylation
Authors: De la Rubia Alfonso G. , Largo-Gosens Asier , Yusta Ricardo , Sepúlveda Pablo , Riveros Aníbal , Centeno Mª Luz , Sanhueza Dayan , Meneses Claudio , Saez-Aguayo Susana , García-Angulo Penélope 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe susceptibility of common bean varieties toPseudomonas syringaepv.phaseolicola(Pph) has been well-documented. However, the molecular mechanism that drives this susceptibility has not been clarified yet. In an attempt to understand this process, 15-day-old common bean plants, varietyriñón,were infected with Pph to analyze the transcriptomic changes during the first steps of the infection (at 2 and 9 h). RNA-seq analysis showed an upregulation of defense-and signaling-related genes at 2h, most of them being downregulated at 9h, suggesting that Pph would inhibit the transcriptomic reprogramming of the plant. This trend was also observed in the modulation of 101 cell wall (CW) related genes, suggesting that Pph could produce/induce changes in the CW. However, the changes in CW composition at early stages of Pph infection were related to homogalacturonan (HG) methylation and the formation of HG egg boxes. From all HG-related genes modulated by the infection, a common bean pectin methylesterase inhibitor 3 (PvPMEI3) gene – closely related toAtPMEI3— was detected. In addition, PMEI3 protein was located in the apoplast and its PME inhibitory activity was demonstrated. Therefore, PvPMEI3 seems to be a good candidate to play a key role in Pph infection. This premise was supported by the analysis of Arabidopsispmei3mutant, which showed susceptibility to Pph, in contrast to resistant Col-0 control plants. All these changes could be an attempt to reinforce the CW structure and thus, hinder the attack of the bacterium. However, these transcriptional and CW-remodeling processes are neither maintained during the necessary time, nor are deep enough to block the action of the pathogen, facilitating the well-known susceptibility ofriñónvariety to Pph.
Stratification of hypertensive COVID-19 patients by quantitative NMR spectroscopy of serum metabolites, lipoproteins and inflammation markers
Authors: Kazenwadel Jasmin , Berezhnoy Georgy , Cannet Claire , Schäfer Hartmut , Geisler Tobias , Rohlfing Anne-Katrin , Gawaz Meinrad , Merle Uta , Trautwein Christoph 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe exact pathophysiology of humans suffering from the multifaceted SARS-CoV-2 infection is not yet conclusively understood and risk stratification is needed. Novel diagnostic approaches like the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) based quantification of metabolites, lipoproteins, and inflammation markers has helped to identify typical alterations in the blood serum of COVID-19 patients. However, important confounders such as age, sex, and comorbidities, which strongly influence the metabolome, were often not considered. Therefore, the aim of this NMR study was to consider gender, as well as arterial hypertension (AHT) which affects more than 1.2 billion people worldwide, when investigating COVID-19-positive serum samples in a large age-matched cohort. As AHT is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease, this study focuses on comparing metabolomic characteristics of COVID-19 patients with and without AHT.Methods and FindingsNMR serum data from 329 COVID-19 patients were compared with 305 individuals from a healthy age and sex-matched control cohort. 134 of the 329 COVID-19 patients were affected by AHT. These were analyzed together with NMR data from 58 hypertensives without COVID-19. In addition to metabolite, lipoprotein, and glycoprotein data from NMR, common laboratory parameters were considered. Statistical comparison of the COVID-19 cohort with the control cohort reproduced results of previous studies. However, several differences emerged when AHT was considered. Especially, the previously described triglyceride-rich lipoprotein profile was no longer observed in COVID-19 patients, nor was an increase in ketone bodies. Typical metabolic changes that were apparent in COVID-19 patients in both sexes and with AHT were an increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) and the ratio of total glycoprotein (Glyc) to supramolecular phospholipids composite (SPC) which is an inflammatory NMR parameter. Further alterations were a decrease in glutamine, leucine, isoleucine, and lysine, citric acid, HDL-4 particles, and total cholesterol. Typical metabolic cardiovascular risk markers could be detected in hypertensive COVID-19 patients, as well as higher inflammatory NMR parameters than in normotensive COVID-19 patients.ConclusionWe could show that a more precise picture of COVID-19 blood serum parameters emerge when AHT is considered which accordingly should be included in future studies and would help for a refined patient stratification.
Causal Analysis for Multivariate Integrated Clinical and Environmental Exposures Data
Authors: Sinha Meghamala , Haaland Perry , Krishnamurthy Ashok , Lan Bo , Ramsey Stephen A. , Schmitt Patrick L. , Sharma Priya , Xu Hao , Fecho Karamarie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectronic health records (EHRs) provide a rich source of observational patient data that can be explored to infer underlying causal relationships. These causal relationships can be applied to augment medical decision-making or suggest hypotheses for healthcare research. In this study, we explored a large-scale EHR dataset on patients with asthma or related conditions (N = 14,937). The dataset included integrated data on features representing demographic factors, clinical measures, and environmental exposures. The data were accessed via a service named the Integrated Clinical and Environmental Service (ICEES). We estimated underlying causal relationships from the data to identify significant predictors of asthma attacks. We also performed simulated interventions on the inferred causal network to detect the causal effects, in terms of shifts in probability distribution for asthma attacks.
Response of circulating miRNAs to acute exercise: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: MacGregor Kirstin , Moran Colin N , Broome Sophie , Owen Patrick J , Lamon Séverine , Hiam Danielle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveCell-free microRNAs (cf-miRNAs) are secreted from cells and transported via the blood to exert their effect on target tissues. Numerous pathophysiological adaptations, including exercise, alter cf-miRNA levels. The aim of the systematic review was to investigate the cf-miRNA response to an acute bout of exercise and to interpret it using a robust correlated and hierarchical effects (CHE) meta-analysis.DesignThe systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021256303). A CHE meta-analysis was used to compare the changes in cf-miRNA levels and the influence of exercise modality. An exploratory machine-learning-based approach was used to capture influential moderators.Data sourcesPrimary studies were retrieved from PubMed and SPORTDiscus (09.03.2022). Relative changes in cf-miRNA expression in response to exercise were computed for each study. The ROBINS-I, GRADE and AMSTAR2 tools were used to assess evidence certainty and risk of bias.Eligibility criteriaThirty-six studies including an acute exercise intervention in N=880 healthy males and females aged 18-45yrs met the eligibility criteria.ResultsMuscle enriched cf-miR-1 (N=320), cf-miR-133a (N=195) and cf-miR-133b (N=132) levels increased 1-2hr (cf-miR1: FC = 2.72, 95% CI= 1.5-4.0; cf-miR133a: FC = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.6-2.6; cf-miR-133b: FC = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.2-3.6) and 24 hr post-exercise (cf-miR1: FC = 2.25, 95% CI= 1.3-3.2; cf-miR133a: FC = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.4-2.2; cf-miR-133b: FC = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.2-2.8).ConclusionAcute exercise triggers temporal and modality specific responses in cf-miRNAs. levels. Influential moderators included sample size, collection time point, exercise modality, age and the use of various technical quality controls.SummaryWhat is already known?Exercise acutely alters cell-free miRNA (cf-miRNA) levels in human serum and plasma, but research is poorly reproducibleWhat are the new findings?Muscle-enriched cf-miRNA levels robustly increase following an acute bout of exercise, with temporal and modality specific responsesThe implementation of a CHE model, a novel statistical approach within the miRNA field, allowed to identify key methodological factors moderating cf-miRNA levels.Strict implementation of these factors is warranted to improve rigour and reproducibility in this field.
A morphological basis for path dependent evolution of visual systems
Authors: Varney Rebecca M. , Speiser Daniel I. , Cannon Johanna , Aguilar Morris , Eernissee Douglas J. , Oakley Todd H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPath dependence influences macroevolutionary predictability by constraining potential outcomes after stochastic evolutionary events. Although demonstrated in laboratory experiments, the basis of path dependence is difficult to demonstrate in natural systems because of a lack of independent replicates. Here we show two types of complex distributed visual systems each recently evolved twice within chiton mollusks, demonstrating rapid and path dependent evolution. The type of visual system a chiton lineage evolves is constrained by the number of openings for optic nerves in its shell plates: lineages with more openings evolve visual systems with thousands of eyespots, whereas those with fewer evolve visual systems with hundreds of shell eyes. These macroevolutionary outcomes shaped by path dependence are both deterministic and stochastic because possibilities are restricted yet not entirely predictable.One-Sentence SummaryMultiple convergent origins of visual systems show macroevolution of complex traits can be rapid and contingent upon pre-existing structures
FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) accumulates in homo- and heterodimeric complexes in dynamic and inducible nuclear condensates associated with speckle components
Authors: Trofimov Ksenia , Gratz Regina , Ivanov Rumen , Stahl Yvonne , Bauer Petra , Brumbarova Tzvetina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSome nuclear proteins undergo condensation, but the functional importance remains often unclear. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) integrates internal and external signals to control iron acquisition and growth. The previously described C-terminal residues Ser271/272 allow FIT to form active complexes with subgroup Ib bHLH factors such as bHLH039. FIT has lower nuclear mobility than mutant FITmSS271AA. Here, we show that FIT undergoes a light-inducible subnuclear partitioning into nuclear condensates that we termed FIT nuclear bodies (NBs). FIT NB characteristics were examined using a standardized FIT NB analysis procedure coupled with different types of quantitative and qualitative microscopy-based approaches. FIT condensates were reversible and likely formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. FIT accumulated preferentially in FIT NBs versus nucleoplasm when engaged in protein complexes with itself and with bHLH039. FITmSS271AA, instead, localized to NBs with different dynamics. FIT colocalized with splicing and light signaling NB markers. The NB-inducing light conditions were linked with active FIT and elevated FIT target gene expression in roots. Hence, we conclude that inducible, highly dynamic FIT condensates form preferentially when transcription factor complexes are active. Inducible FIT nuclear condensates may affect nuclear mobility and integrate environmental and Fe nutrition signals.HighlightsFIT undergoes light-induced, reversible condensation and localizes to nuclear bodies (NBs), likely via liquid-liquid phase separationFunctionally relevant Ser271/272 defines an intrinsically disordered region and influences NB formation dynamicsNBs are preferential sites for FIT dimerization with FIT and bHLH039, dependent on Ser271/272FIT NBs colocalize with NB markers related to splicing and light signalingLight conditions inducing NBs are linked with active FIT, in agreement with elevated FIT target gene expression in roots
The paralogues MAGOH and MAGOHB are oncogenic factors in high-grade gliomas and safeguard the splicing of cell division and cell cycle genes
Authors: Barreiro Rodrigo A. S. , Guardia Gabriela D. A. , Meliso Fabiana M. , Lei Xiufen , Li Wei-Qing , Savio Andre , Fellermeyer Martin , Conceição Helena B. , Mercuri Rafael L. V. , Landry Tesha , Qiao Mei , Blazquez Lorea , Ule Jernej , Penalva Luiz O. F. , Galante Pedro A. F. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe exon junction complex (EJC) plays key roles throughout the lifespan of RNA and is particularly relevant in the nervous system. We investigated the roles of two EJC members, the paralogs MAGOH and MAGOHB, with respect to brain tumor development. High MAGOH/MAGOHB expression was observed in 14 tumor types; glioblastoma (GBM) showed the greatest difference compared to normal tissue. Increased MAGOH/MAGOHB expression was associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients, while knockdown of MAGOH/MAGOHB affected different cancer phenotypes. Reduced MAGOH/MAGOHB expression in GBM cells caused alterations in the splicing profile, including re-splicing and skipping of multiple exons. The binding profiles of EJC proteins indicated that exons affected by MAGOH/MAGOHB knockdown accumulated fewer complexes on average, providing a possible explanation for their sensitivity to MAGOH/MAGOHB knockdown. Transcripts (genes) showing alterations in the splicing profile are mainly implicated in cell division, cell cycle, splicing, and translation. We propose that high MAGOH/MAGOHB levels are required to safeguard the splicing of genes in high demand in scenarios requiring increased cell proliferation (brain development and GBM growth), ensuring efficient cell division, cell cycle regulation, and gene expression (splicing and translation). Since differentiated neuronal cells do not require increased MAGOH/MAGOHB expression, targeting these paralogs is a potential option for treating GBM.