bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the salinity-temperature interaction on seed germination and early seedling development: a comparative study of crop and weed species
Authors: Nikolić Nebojša , Ghirardelli Aurora , Schiavon Michela , Masin Roberta 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Weeds represent a great constraint for agricultural production due to their remarkable adaptability and their ability to compete with crops. Climate change exacerbates the abiotic stresses that plants encounter. Therefore, studying plant responses to adverse conditions is extremely important. Here, the response to saline stress at different temperatures of three weed species (Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli and Portulaca oleracea) and three crops (maize, soybean and rice) was investigated.

Results
The germination percentage of soybean notably decreased as salinity and low temperatures increased. In contrast, maize and rice consistently maintained a high germination percentage, particularly when subjected to low salinity levels. Regarding weed species, the germination percentage of C. album was not significantly affected by salinity, but it decreased in E. crus-galli and P. oleracea with increasing salinity. The mean germination time for all species increased with salinity, especially at lower temperatures. This effect was most pronounced for soybean and E. crus-galli. C. album exhibited significant reduction in stem growth with high salinity and high temperatures, while in E. crus-galli stem growth was less reduced under similar conditions.

Conclusion
This study showed that successful germination under saline stress did not ensure successful early development and emphasizes the species-specific nature of the temperature-salinity interaction, perhaps influenced by intraspecific variability. Increasing salinity levels negatively impacted germination and seedling growth in most species, yet higher temperatures partially alleviated these effects.
Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the maternal postpartum stress scale
Authors: Wang Yanchi , Gao Qian , Liu Jin , Zhang Feng , Xu Xujuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To translate the Maternal Postpartum Stress Scale (MPSS) into Chinese and validate its psychometric properties in postpartum women.

Methods
A total of 406 postpartum women were recruited from six hospitals in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. Cronbach’s α co-efficient, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the translated scale. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to evaluate the structural validity of the scale. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 anxiety dimension, and Perceived Stress Scale were used as calibration scales to measure the correlation of MPSS. All data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Amos 24.0.

Results
The Cronbach’s α co-efficient of the Chinese version of MPSS and its three dimensions were 0.940 and 0.882–0.911, respectively. The split-half reliability was 0.825, and the test-retest reliability was 0.912. The scale’s content validity index was 0.926. Three common factors were extracted from the EFA. The CFA validated the explored 3-factor structure, and the indicators were fitted well (χ2/Df = 2.167, comparative fit index = 0.918, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.907, incremental fit index = 0.919, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.075).

Conclusion
The translated Chinese version of MPSS had suitable reliability and validity in assessing postpartum stress in Chinese women. The translated scale can also help with the early identification of postpartum stress and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of early personalized intervention measures. Overall, the scale has certain clinical value and practical significance for enhancing the physical and mental health of postpartum women. However, future studies including large, diverse populations are warranted.
Communication in the neonatal ICU for Spanish speaking parents: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Batton Emily , Hurst Samantha , Ramos Carlos , Catalan Leslie , Freeman Michele , Marc-Aurele Krishelle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), health outcome disparities exist between patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) and those proficient in English. Our objective was to investigate the communication experience of parents with LEP in the NICU to learn how to mitigate such health disparities.

Methods
A certified bilingual provider conducted seventeen interviews of parents who identified Spanish as their preferred language and whose newborn was admitted to the NICU for ≥ 1 week. Interviews were conducted August 2020 – December 2021. Conventional content analysis utilizing an inductive open coding process was performed.

Results
The experiences of Spanish speaking parents with LEP in the NICU can be characterized by 3 main themes: 1) Information accessibility 2) Perspectives about interpreters and 3) Emotional consequences.

Conclusions
Our findings can inform neonatal quality initiatives to facilitate timely and good communication for NICU families with LEP.
Secular trend of mortality and incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in global ,1990–2019: an age period cohort analysis and joinpoint analysis
Authors: Yu Fangyuan , Chen Hongwei , Li Qi , Tao Mengjun , Jin Ziyi , Geng Linyu , Sun Lingyun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a major public health problem. Unfortunately, there is a scarcity of comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding the burden of RA and its dynamic trends in subsequent years. To examine the changing trends in the global burden of RA and forecast for 2044, which will facilitate the development of strategies tailored to RA burden and provide reference for the development of effective treatment guidelines.

Methods
Following the general analytical strategy used the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019, which included 204 countries, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized disability adjusted of life year (DALY) rate for RA were analyzed.

Results
The ASIR, ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate for RA in 2019 were 13.001/100,000 (95% UI, 11.833 ~ 14.274), 0.574/100,000 (95% UI, 0.356 ~ 0.793) and 39.565/100,000 (95% UI, 49.529 ~ 30.508), respectively. America had the highest ASIR [18.578(95% UI, 17.147 ~ 20.148)] and age-standardized DALY rate [53.676(95% UI, 40.106 ~ 67.968)] in 2019. Asia had the highest ASMR [0.681(95% UI, 0.802 ~ 0.480)] in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, a significant average annual percentage change (AAPC) in the ASIR was observed in both males [0.237% (95% CI, 0.216 ~ 0.259%)] and females [0.197% (95% CI, 0.141 ~ 0.254%)], AAPC in the ASMR was observed in both males [-0.398% (95% CI, -0.605~-0.191%)] and females [-0.295% (95% CI, -0.424~-0.65%)]. Age effects indicated that the relative risk (RR) of RA-associated incidence and mortality rates increased with age among males and females. The RR of RA increased over time and started to gradually increase from 1990. Cohort effects showed decreases in incidence, mortality and DALY rates in successive birth cohorts. The global incidence of RA would continue to increase in the future, while mortality would continue to decrease.

Conclusion
The increased risk of RA is dominantly influenced by age effects and period effects and the ethnic area. The results suggest that early identification and treatment of RA is important for reducing the ongoing burden with age, and targeted health education and specific intervention programs should be promoted to control middle-elderly population.
A systematic review and network meta-analysis of virtual reality, audiovisuals and music interventions for reducing dental anxiety related to tooth extraction
Authors: Hao Tiedan , Pang Jun , Liu Qingmei , Xin Pengfei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Tooth extraction is a common procedure performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or dentists, often resulting in dental fear and anxiety. The use of relaxing music, audiovisuals, and virtual reality (VR) technologies has been employed to reduce dental anxiety. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of relaxing music, audiovisuals, and VR in reducing dental anxiety associated with tooth extraction.

Methods
Four electronic databases were searched up to March 8, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating different multimedia interventions, including the application of using relaxing music, audiovisuals, and VR technologies for dental anxiety. Studies utilizing various anxiety scales for tooth extraction were considered eligible. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of anxiety scale scores were analyzed using Bayesian NMA.

Results
A total of 11 RCTs were included in this NMA. The Bayesian NMA results demonstrated that relaxing music (SMD = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.04, -0.25) and VR (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.02) were associated with a reduction in dental anxiety, while audiovisuals (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.97, 0.33) required further consideration. Ranking probabilities indicated that relaxing music might be the most acceptable method for individuals with dental anxiety. The frequentist NMA yielded consistent rankings in a sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions
Relaxing music shows the greatest potential for reducing dental anxiety related to tooth extraction when compared to other multimedia interventions.
FOXO3 and PTEN expression in the ovary of girls with extra-gonadal cancer with or without chemotherapy treatment prior to cryopreservation
Authors: Albamonte María Itatí , Calabró Lara Y. , Albamonte Mirta S. , Vitullo Alfredo D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
FOXO3/pFOXO3 and PTEN expression is known to regulate the dormancy/activation of ovarian primordial follicles. How chemotherapy could influence the expression of FOXO3 and PTEN in pre- and post-menarcheal girls with extra-gonadal cancer remains unexplored.

Methods
Ovarian samples were collected from 27 girls suffering from extra-gonadal cancer. Of these, 8 patients had received chemotherapy before the time of sample collection. Ovarian tissue collected at the time of surgery was fixed in 10% formaldehyde for FOXO3/pFOXO3 and PTEN immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence, or stored at -80 °C for Western blot, or preserved in RNA later for RT-PCR.

Results
PTEN was detected in a limited number of primordial follicle-enclosed oocytes in approximately fifty percent of the patients, regardless of whether they had received anti-cancer treatment or not. However, there was a significant decrease in PTEN detection in patients who underwent chemotherapy treatment prior to the retrieval of the sample. Both primordial follicle-enclosed oocytes that expressed FOXO3 and those that did not were identified in patients who were treated with chemotherapy and those who were not. FOXO3-positive primordial follicles exhibited either nuclear FOXO3 localization or cytoplasmic pFOXO3 localization. Furthermore, transitional primordial follicles that expressed nuclear FOXO3 and cytoplasmic pFOXO3 were also observed. Primary follicle-enclosed oocytes displayed cytoplasmic pFOXO3 localization, whereas in more advanced stages of folliculogenesis, the expression moved to the somatic stratum. No significant statistical differences were identified in the detection of FOXO3 and pFOXO3 in patients who had or had not received chemotherapy prior to sample collection.

Conclusion
Primordial follicles expressing and not expressing FOXO3 were equally present in both the ovaries of patients who underwent chemotherapy and those who did not. The expression of FOXO3 remained unaltered in response to chemotherapy treatment. Notably, the detection of PTEN was significantly reduced in the treated patients, thereby warranting in-depth investigation, given the limited sample size examined in the present study.
Application of project-based service-learning courses in medical education: trials of curriculum designs during the pandemic
Authors: Liao Shih-Chieh , Lee Miau-Rong , Chen Yung-Lin , Chen Hank Szuhan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Due to COVID-19, face-to-face service activities in service-learning courses have become unfeasible. To address this challenge, this study aims to integrate project-based learning into medical education’s service-learning curriculum. This study also seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of this instructional approach and identify factors that influence its success.

Methods
A total of 135 first-year medical students enrolled in a mandatory 1-credit service-learning course were recruited. The course involved various service activities aligned with the needs of the local community. The students were organized into 12 groups, each working on different service-learning projects, such as raising health awareness or educating the public about specific diseases. Following the completion of the course, a questionnaire was distributed among the students to gather feedback on the course, and 122 (valid responses were collected, representing a response rate of 90.3%).

Results
The results indicated that the project-based service-learning course significantly improved students’ “interpersonal communication skills,“ their ability to “learn and grow from work,“ and their sense of “professionalism” (all p ≤ 0.037). Among the various aspects of service learning, the highest agreement was observed for “executing the project,“ followed by “group discussions and project formulation,“ “overall course review,“ “review of project outcomes,“ “outcome presentations,“ “teaching proposal writing and project brainstorming,“ “sharing of service-learning experiences by teachers,“ and “sharing of service-learning experiences by teaching assistants.“ Students also found certain factors to be beneficial in enhancing the learning effectiveness of service-learning courses, including “prize money for service-learning outcomes,“ “funding for service-learning activities,“ and “consultations from medical personnel” (all p ≤ 0.01). However, “course credit” and “photography software” did not show significant effects (both p > 0.05). The most preferred resources or activities for future service-learning courses were “course credit” and “face-to-face service-learning activities.“

Conclusions
The project-based learning method improved the learning effectiveness in service-learning courses. Students perceived that the number of course credits reflects the course value and plays a pivotal role in enhancing the learning effectiveness in service-learning courses. During the epidemic, students still expect to have face-to-face service activities in service-learning courses. Therefore, without the impact of the epidemic, service learning courses should return to face-to-face service activities.
The effect of the Educational Scholar Program as a longitudinal faculty development program on the capability of educators as scholars
Authors: Keshmiri Fatemeh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The Educational Scholar Program (ESP) is designed and implemented as a longitudinal and institution-based faculty development program. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the ESP on educators’ capabilities to undertake SoTL activities associated with their scholar role.

Methods
This study was conducted from 2017 to 2022. The participants (n = 64) were educators in six schools of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. The ESP was a faculty development program that consisted of training and project-based stages. The educators experienced small-group learning, self-directed learning, and reflective assignments in the training stage. In the second stage, the educators completed a SoTL (Scholarship of Teaching and Learning) project. Learner-related outcomes based on Kirkpatrick model was assessed. The reaction of educators (satisfaction, active participation in the ESP, and the perception of mentoring sessions) was assessed by three questionnaires (Reaction level). The educators’ learning was evaluated by modified essay questions and their project reports (Learning and Behavior levels). Outputs of the ESP including journal publications, abstracts presented at meetings or congresses, grant funding, awards in educational festivals, promotions, projects with ongoing implementation following the ESP, and conducting further SoTL projects after ESP were assessed quantitatively over two years after participating in the ESP (Results level). Data were summarized by descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, SD, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)). Cut-off scores of the instruments was calculated with a standard setting method which introduced by Cohen-Schotanus and Van DerVleuten. Data analyzed by One-sample t-test.

Results
Sixty-four of 72 (89%) educators completed the ESP. The mean (CI) satisfaction score of educators was 42 (CI: 26.92–58.28), the active participation was 92 (CI: 80.24-103.76). The scores of the mentoring assessment from the perspective of the educators were reported at 90 (CI: 78.24- 101.76). The mean (95%CI) learning scores in the essay examination were 88 (CI: 70.36- 105.64), and project assessment were 90 (CI: 78.24- 101.76). The results showed the educators’ scores in reaction and learning significantly higher than the cut-off scores. (P < 0.05). Most projects were conducted in curriculum development and assessment/evaluation domains. The number of projects with ongoing implementation over the two years following the ESP and the acquisition of grants was higher than other outputs in the results level.

Conclusion
The ESP, as an institute-based longitudinal program, enhanced the learner-related outcomes (in four levels of reaction, learning, behavior, and results). The creation of practical learning and supportive mechanisms influenced on the results. The outcomes of ESP indicated that the educators prepared to conduct SoTL activities in their educational community.
Benefit of an action camera in endoscopy education for medical students under COVID-19
Authors: Uchiyama Akira , Yamashina Shunhei , Sato Toshifumi , Sakuma Satoshi , Tomiki Yuichi , Isayama Hiroyuki , Nagahara Akihito , Ikejima Kenichi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Endoscopy is an important form of clinical gastroenterology education because it gives students the opportunity to learn about diagnosis procedures and even treatment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students were observed from outside the endoscopy room due to the risk of airborne infection. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of combining endoscopy education with doctor’s-eye-view videos of the procedure obtained using live-action cameras (GoPro®).

Methods
From February to May 2021, endoscopists wore GoPro Hero8 cameras on their heads to display a doctor’s-eye view video outside the room. The efficacy of the GoPro videos in combination with endoscopic monitoring was evaluated by 15 participating medical students. The participants rated the efficacy on a 5-point scale and commented on the positive and negative points.

Results
A total of 78.6% of participants evaluated the GoPro as good; 57.2% answered that it increased their understanding, with 71.4% stating that it increased their understanding of procedures in particular. A total of 85.7% of the students answered that their interest in endoscopy had increased, and 85.7% evaluated the benefit of the GoPro videos as good. In addition, 64.3% answered that the method was effective in preventing COVID-19 infection. Education using GoPro videos enabled students to feel as if they were conducting the endoscopy themselves and enabled them to concentrate on learning.

Conclusions
Practical endoscopic education using a GoPro is an effective educational tool that not only increases understanding of endoscopic practice but also stimulates students’ interest and awareness of their future as doctors.
Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A- and B-specific IgE in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Karakioulaki Meropi , Berkemeier Caroline Maria , Heijnen Ingmar , Grize Leticia , Papakonstantinou Eleni , Goulas Antonis , Tamm Michael , Stolz Daiana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSensitization to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A (SEA) and B (SEB) has been associated with asthma severity, exacerbations, and disease control. Our study aimed to investigate if there are differences in serum SEA-IgE and SEB-IgE levels between patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and controls, and to assess the association between SE sensitization and COPD clinical parameters and Th2 inflammation biomarkers in two well-defined COPD cohorts. Our findings suggest that COPD patients do not exhibit higher SEA and SEB sensitization compared to asthma patients and controls. However, in COPD patients, the presence of atopy and allergy is associated with positivity for SEA-IgE and SEB-IgE. Consequently, these allergens may aid in identifying atopic or allergic subgroups within the COPD population, but they are not directly associated with the diagnosis of COPD, elevated circulating blood eosinophils, or fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) levels.
“One Health” perspective on prevalence of co-existing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ramatla Tsepo , Mafokwane Tshepo , Lekota Kgaugelo , Monyama Maropeng , Khasapane George , Serage Naledi , Nkhebenyane Jane , Bezuidenhout Carlos , Thekisoe Oriel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) bacterial isolates that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) contribute to global life-threatening infections. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence of ESBLs in co-existing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from humans, animals and the environment.

Methods
The systematic review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [ID no: CRD42023394360]. This study was carried out following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. One hundred and twenty-six eligible studies published on co-existing antibiotic resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae between 1990 and 2022 were included.

Results
The pooled prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 33.0% and 32.7% for humans, 33.5% and 19.4% for animals, 56.9% and 24.2% for environment, 26.8% and 6.7% for animals/environment, respectively. Furthermore, the three types of resistance genes that encode ESBLs, namely blaSHVblaCTX−M,blaOXA, and blaTEM, were all detected in humans, animals and the environment.

Conclusions
The concept of “One-Health” surveillance is critical to tracking the source of antimicrobial resistance and preventing its spread. The emerging state and national surveillance systems should include bacteria containing ESBLs. A well-planned, -implemented, and -researched alternative treatment for antimicrobial drug resistance needs to be formulated.