bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous malakoplakia arising on the ankle of a patient with pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: Whittington Carli P. , Saleh Jasmine S. , Schadler Eric , Bitar Carole , Wang Frank , Andea Aleodor A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMalakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory condition that most commonly involves the urogenital tract. Cutaneous malakoplakia is extremely rare and many patients diagnosed with skin involvement are immunosuppressed. While the clinical presentation of cutaneous malakoplakia is variable, the histopathologic features are quite distinct and include sheets of closely packed dermal histiocytes with foamy‐appearing cytoplasm and Michaelis–Gutmann bodies that are positive with certain immunohistochemical stains. While the exact pathogenesis of malakoplakia is unknown, it has been associated with certain bacterial infections. Treatment generally involves a combination of surgery and antimicrobial agents and/or modulation of immunosuppressant therapy if appropriate. Herein, the authors report a unique case of cutaneous malakoplakia arising in a patient on chronic immunosuppressive therapy for the management of pyoderma gangrenosum.
Safety and effectiveness of dulaglutide in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a real‐world setting: A prospective, observational post‐marketing study
Authors: Guo Lixin , Li Li , Yu Qiurong , Wang Na , Chen Jun , Xi Yue , Wang Huan , Wang Yihua , Xu Jiawei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo our knowledge, this is the first real‐world study to investigate the safety and effectiveness of a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsThis prospective, observational, post‐marketing study conducted at 46 hospitals in China included adults with T2DM prescribed dulaglutide in routine clinical practice. The primary endpoint was the incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious AEs in patients who received ≥1 dose of dulaglutide, for up to 24 weeks. Exploratory endpoints included changes in patient‐reported glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight. Post hoc analyses and multivariate regression were also performed.ResultsFrom 20 January 2020 to 24 November 2021, 3291 patients received dulaglutide and entered the safety analysis. TEAEs were reported in 1333 (40.5%) patients; the most commonly reported were nausea (n = 193, 5.9%), diarrhoea (n = 183, 5.6%) and decreased appetite (n = 179, 5.4%). serious AEs were reported in 160 (4.9%) patients. TEAEs led to treatment discontinuation in 212 (6.4%) patients. The mean absolute change in HbA1c from baseline to week 24 was −1.65% (p < .001). Greater reductions in HbA1c at week 24 were observed in patients with T2DM duration ≤5 years (p = .002), baseline HbA1c ≥8.5% (p < .001), and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (p = .002). The mean absolute change in body weight from baseline at week 24 was −2.62 kg (p < .001).ConclusionDulaglutide showed a safety profile consistent with previous reports and significantly reduced HbA1c in a real‐world setting. These findings support the clinical use of dulaglutide and inform the individualized treatment of patients with T2DM in China.
A retrospective comparative study of maxillofacial injury patterns caused by electric scooters and bicycles
Authors: Lee Seong Joon , Kim Ji Hun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThe emergence of shared stand‐up electric scooters has led to an increase in their usage and, subsequently, an increase in the incidence of maxillofacial trauma. This study aimed to investigate the trauma pattern associated with the use of stand‐up electric scooters compared with that related to the use of bicycles, which was a popular mode of personal mobility before the emergence of stand‐up electric scooters.Materials and MethodsThis study investigated the medical records of patients who visited Wonju Christian Hospital for maxillofacial trauma due to the use of stand‐up electric scooter and bicycles between November 1, 2017 and October 31, 2022. Maxillofacial trauma was analyzed based on medical records, including those in the evaluation results of teeth, maxillofacial bones, and soft tissues.ResultsCrown fractures and tooth avulsions were observed more frequently with the use of stand‐up electric scooters than with the use of bicycles. In contrast, crown‐root fractures, tooth subluxation, and extrusive luxation were more commonly observed in bicycle riders. Additionally, the proportion of root fractures was similar between the two groups. However, no vertical root fractures were observed in patients who rode bicycles. The maxillofacial bone fracture rates between the two groups were similar, although the fracture patterns were different.ConclusionThe number of patients using stand‐up electric scooters is increasing, and they are likely to have a worse prognosis compared with those using existing personal mobility devices.
Eating disorders occur at high rates in adolescents with epilepsy and are associated with psychiatric comorbidities and suicidality
Authors: Tokatly Latzer Itay , Richmond Tracy K , Zhang Bo , Pearl Phillip L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the occurrence rate, characteristics, and impact of eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents with epilepsy.MethodsIn this observational study, adolescents with epilepsy seen in a single center between 2013 and 2022 who had comorbid EDs were compared to two control groups of adolescents with only epilepsy and only EDs. Patients with intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder were excluded. Data retrieved included demographic and anthropometric details and clinical variables relating to seizure types, EDs, and psychiatric disorders and behaviors.ResultsA total of 376 subjects were included in the study: 84 adolescents with both epilepsy and eating disorders, 135 with only epilepsy, and 157 with only EDs. The rate of EDs in adolescents with epilepsy was 7.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.6%–8.5%) overall, 11.3% (95% CI 8.8%–14.3%) in females, and 3.1% (95% CI 1.9%–4.8%) in males. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) time difference between the onset of epilepsy to an ED was 1.6 (.5–3.6) years. Among adolescents with epilepsy, those with an ED were more likely to be female (p = .001) and have a lower body mass index z‐score (zBMI) percentile (p < .001). Epilepsy type, seizure frequency, or seizure duration were not specific for having or not having EDs. Among adolescents with EDs, those with epilepsy had a younger onset of their EDs (p < .001), included relatively more males (p = .007), and consisted of more cases of anorexia‐nervosa‐restrictive type (p < .001), and fewer cases of bulimia nervosa (p = .04) and binge eating disorder (p = .003). Adolescents with epilepsy and a comorbid ED were more likely to have psychiatric comorbidities such as depression, anxiety, and suicidality than adolescents with only epilepsy or EDs.SignificanceEDs should be suspected and screened for in intellectually intact female and male adolescents with epilepsy, irrespective of their epilepsy type. If disturbed eating behaviors or EDs are identified, further evaluation should be directed at detecting other psychopathologies, including suicidality.
Effects of individualised rehabilitation for horses with equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy
Authors: Ericson Cajsa , Lassa Emma , Olsen Emil 
Published: August 2023

SummaryIn 2019, a Swedish outbreak of equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV‐1) led to varying neurological symptoms also known as EHM (equine herpes myeloencephalopathy). Nineteen of the 39 exposed horses developed EHM. EHM outbreaks have become more common in recent decades and can result in large economic losses for the horse industry in addition to clear welfare implications. However, there is limited information about the estimated time to recovery from EHM and return to previous level of performance and there is limited published information regarding neurological rehabilitation in horses. Our objective was to describe and evaluate the potential benefit of implementing individual rehabilitation plans for horses recovering from EHM. Four horses with EHV‐1 and with clinical signs of neurological dysfunction were selected. All horses were initially hospitalised at an intensive care unit between 4 and 9 days and approximately 3 months after the outbreak they were considered sufficiently recovered to start a rehabilitation programme. The programs mainly focused on regaining proprioception, core stability and strength with consideration given to fatigue in the horse and risk to the handlers. A repeated neurological examination was performed six times over the first year and the rehabilitation programs were modified accordingly. The owners considered the horses ‘normal’, both mentally and physically, between 6 and 8 months after the outbreak. All horses were back to their previous level of performance after 8–11 months. A limitation of the study was a small study population with no control group. Our conclusions are that horses suffering from severe EHM may return to an acceptable athletic function given time and an individually adapted rehabilitation program. To potentially show that an individually adapted rehabilitation plan brings the horse back to acceptable function faster than nonspecific rehabilitation, a case‐control study would be required.
External validation of the Dat'AIDS score: A risk score for predicting 5‐year overall mortality in people living with HIV aged 60 years or older
Authors: Hentzien Maxime , Frossard Jaromil , Kouyos Roger , Prendki Virginie , Damas José , Hofmann Eveline , Braun Dominique , Schmid Patrick , Bernasconi Enos , Ragozzino Silvio , Efthimiou Orestis , Delpierre Cyrille , Allavena Clotilde , Bani‐Sadr Firouzé , Calmy Alexandra ,   the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo perform an external validation of the Dat'AIDS score for predicting 5‐year overall mortality among people with HIV (PWH) aged 60 years or older.MethodsThis was a multi‐centre prospective cohort study at all sites participating in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). We calculated the Dat'AIDS score in PWH aged 60 years or older at their first visit between 1 January 2015 and 1 January 2020. People living with HIV‐2 and those whose Dat'AIDS score could not be calculated were excluded. Patients were followed until 1 January 2020. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality. Vital status was collected throughout the study period. We obtained population and score descriptive statistics and assessed the score's discrimination and calibration.ResultsWe included 2205 participants (82% male) of median [interquartile range (IQR)] age 62.0 (60.3–67.0) years, mostly with viraemia <50 copies/mL (92.7%). Median follow‐up time was 15.9 years and median (IQR) CD4 cell count at enrolment was 586 (420–782) cells/μL. In all, 152 deaths were recorded during a total follow‐up period of 7147 patient‐years. The median (IQR) observed Dat'AIDS score was 3 (0–8). Discriminative capacities were good as the C‐statistic was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69–0.77) and consistent across all subgroups. Comparison of observed and expected survival probabilities showed good calibration.ConclusionsExternal validation of the Dat'AIDS score in patients aged 60 years or older showed that it could be a useful tool not only for research purposes, but also to identify older patients at a higher mortality risk and to tailor the most appropriate interventions.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice for oxygen therapy among medical staff at the Colonial War Memorial Hospital in Fiji
Authors: Arasi Fa'amuamua , Bennett Elizabeth , Rokoduru Avelina , Kaspar Annette 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOxygen therapy (OT) is a commonly prescribed essential medicine for people of all ages in the management of hypoxia. The adverse effects of inappropriate OT supplementation may be underestimated by health professionals and lead to poor health outcomes among hospitalised patients. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) assessments of medical staff members to OT guidelines are essential to ensure optimal patient care.AimsTo perform a KAP assessment of OT administration among doctors and nurses employed at the national hospital of Fiji in 2021.MethodsProspective cross‐sectional study design. KAP assessment was performed with an online questionnaire and clinical observation.ResultsThe study population (N = 116) consisted of doctors (20.7%) and nurses (79.3%) representing the acute medical, burns, cardiac care, intensive care, surgical and postanaesthetic recovery units. Overall, the proportion of participants who obtained a good score (>70%) was 87% for knowledge, 87.93% for attitudes and 84% for practice. Best knowledge scores were obtained for general OT indications (71%) and scenarios where immediate oxygen application is required (70%). Lowest knowledge scores were for OT contraindications (14%) and oxygen saturation for acute myocardial infarction (32%), asthma (36%) and healthy newborns (43%). The most positive attitudes were in response to the statement that OT guidelines are essential (96%). A total of 78 (80.4%) patients were being cared for with good OT practice.ConclusionsGood KAP scores were obtained for medical staff in Fiji regarding OT administration. Ongoing professional education activities should include updated training of OT contraindications and optimal oxygen saturation levels for special patient groups.
Investigation of human papilloma virus frequency in pregnant women
Authors: Topkara Serap , Sucu Sadun , Cakir Anil Turhan , Harma Muge , Harma Mehmet Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV types, and the association with age, pregnancy, and childbirth in pregnant women.MethodFour hundred and forty‐eight pregnant women who visited our clinic were enrolled in the study. Polymerase chain reaction was used to determine HPV DNA and typing by cervical smear in the initial applications of patients with detailed history. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 13.0 was used to analyze the data.ResultsHPV DNA was positive in 26 (5.8%) of 448 patients who participated in the study. High‐risk HPV types were detected in 77% of HPV‐positive cases and low‐risk HPV types in 23% of cases. Only one HPV type was detected in 13 patients (50%), while multiple HPV types were detected in 13 patients (50%) of the HPV‐positive cases. A significant negative association was found between gravidity and positivity of HPV DNA. HPV is more common in women with lower parity and gravidity.ConclusionStudies conducted in different populations in different regions of Turkey have shown that the incidence of HPV in women ranges from 2.2% to 26%. In our study, the incidence of HPV DNA in pregnant women was 5.8%. It was found that there was an inverse relationship between parity and HPV DNA positivity. The HPV DNA positivity decreased with the number of births.
Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy using self‐check sheet for patients with nocturia in real‐world clinical practice
Authors: Kyoda Yuki , Ichihara Koji , Muranaka Ippei , Sakai Yasuyuki , Nakamura Makoto , Shinkai Nobuo , Kozen Nodoka , Yorozuya Wakako , Morooka Daichi , Maruo Kazutaka , Tachikawa Kimihito , Shibamori Kosuke , Nofuji Seisuke , Fujino Keiko , Kato Shuichi , Yoshida Takashi , Shindo Tetsuya , Maehana Takeshi , Hashimoto Kohei , Kobayashi Ko , Tanaka Toshiaki , Masumori Naoya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe previously demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) using a self‐check sheet for patients with nocturia in a randomized controlled study. Additionally, we investigated the efficacy of the intervention in real‐world clinical practice.MethodsTwo hundred forty‐three outpatients with complaint of nocturia who practiced CBT for 4 weeks using a self‐check sheet were included in this trial, which took place from April 2021 to March 2022 in 20 institutions.ResultsOf the 243 patients, 215 who achieved 50% or more of the behavioral therapy tasks were included in the analysis. Their mean age ± SD was 77.1 ± 7.7. A significant decrease was observed in nighttime frequency at 4 weeks after CBT using self‐check sheets (pre 3.3 and post 2.8, p < .001). Nighttime frequency was decreased one or more times and was defined as treatment success in 102 patients (47.4%). Pretreatment nighttime frequency in the treatment‐success group was significantly higher than that of the failure group (3.5 ± 1.0 vs. 3.2 ± 1.0, p = .013). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, predictive factors of treatment success were pretreatment nocturnal frequency of four or more (odds ratio [OR] 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–3.30; p = .046) and the absence of diabetes mellitus (OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.34–7.06; p = .008).ConclusionsCBT using a self‐check sheet requiring less time, less labor, less cost, and less medication is very beneficial for both patients and medical staff in real‐world clinical practice.
Uroflowmetry parameters in healthy children between 5 and 15 years old
Authors: Öztürk Yeşim Demirkıran , Elmas Ahmet Taner , Tabel Yılmaz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesUroflowmetry (UFM) is the first‐line noninvasive screening test employed in the diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). The purpose of this study was to determine normal UFM values in healthy Turkish children among our local population.MethodsA total of 100 healthy girls and 62 healthy boys aged 5–15 years, who applied to İnönü University Turgut Özal Medical Center Pediatrics Polyclinic between February 2021 and January 2022, were included in the present study. The UFM parameters, including maximum flow rate (Qmax), average flow rate (Qavg), voided volume (VV), time to maximum flow, and voiding time, were measured using the Inoflow Smart System UFM Device and the resulting urine flow curve was recorded. The children were compared in terms of the UFM parameters based on their gender and age groups (5–10 years and 11–15 years).ResultsThe mean Qmax value in healthy female children aged 5–15 years (21.8 ± 8.6 mL/s) was significantly higher than in male children (17.98 ± 6.1 mL/s) (p = .003). VV, Qmax, and Qavg values of the children in the 11–15 age group were significantly higher than those in the age group of 5–10 years (p > .05 for each). VV, Qmax, and Qavg values were directly proportional to age (p = .0001, for each).ConclusionsWe believe that this study adds to the limited knowledge base regarding normal flow patterns in healthy children.
Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT) deficiency and a novel sequence variant in APRT with phenotypic diversity and a literature review
Authors: Leow Esther Huimin , Chong Siew Le , Tan Ee Shien , Koh Ai Ling , Cham Breana Wen Min , Yap Celeste Jia Ying , Ng Yong Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder and a rare cause of urolithiasis due to mutations in APRT (OMIM #102600). APRT deficiency results in increased urinary excretion of 2,8‐dihydroxyadenine (DHA) which can cause urolithiasis and kidney failure. However, with prompt diagnosis, patients with APRT deficiency can be treated with xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors which decrease urinary DHA excretion and improve outcomes. We report a pair of siblings, an 11‐year‐old brother and his 14‐year‐old sister with compound heterozygous variants c.270del (p.Lys91Serfs*46) and c.484_486del (p.Leu162del) in APRT with variable clinical presentation of APRT deficiency. The brother presented at 17 months of age with urolithiasis and severe acute kidney injury. His elder sister remained well and asymptomatic with normal kidney function and did not develop renal calculi. Brownish disk or sphere‐like crystals with both concentric and radial markings were reported on urine microscopy in the sister on screening. The sister's diagnosis was confirmed with further laboratory evidence of absent red cell lysate APRT activity with corresponding elevated levels of urinary DHA. In conclusion, we identified a novel mutation in the APRT gene in a pair of siblings with greater phenotypic severity in the male.

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Clinical application of a lung sound analysis in infants with respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Ichinose Mami , Obara Takeru , Shibata Mayuko , Kagawa Takanori , Sakama Takashi , Takakura Hiromitsu , Hirai Kota , Furuya Hiroyuki , Kato Masahiko , Mochizuki Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundObjective investigation of the characteristics of acute bronchiolitis in infants is important for its diagnosis and treatment.MethodsLung sound data of 50 patients diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) acute bronchiolitis (m:f = 29:21, median of age 7 months), 20 patients with RSV acute respiratory tract infections without acute bronchiolitis (m:f = 10:10, 5 months) and 38 age‐matched control infants (m:f = 23:15, 8 months) were analyzed using a conventional method and compared. Furthermore, the relationships between lung sound parameters and clinical symptoms (clinical score, length of hospital stay and SpO2 level) in the bronchiolitis and the non‐bronchiolitis patients were examined.ResultsResults of lung sound analysis showed that the inspiratory sound power of patients with RSV respiratory tract infections was low and the expiratory sound power was high compared with those of the controls. When the patients with RSV respiratory tract infections were divided into the bronchiolitis and non‐bronchiolitis groups, the expiratory/inspiratory ratio of the bronchiolitis patients was greater than that of the non‐bronchiolitis patients. There was no difference in the clinical symptoms, clinical score and length of hospital stay between the bronchiolitis and non‐bronchiolitis patients, except for the SpO2 level on admission.ConclusionLung sound analysis confirmed that patients with RSV acute bronchiolitis present with marked airway narrowing. Considering these results as a characteristic of acute bronchiolitis, it would be meaningful to reflect it in the improvement of diagnosis, treatment and subsequent management.
Effects of neuropeptide F2 on female reproduction in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Habibi Fariba , Mikani Azam , Mehrabadi Mohammad , Fouda Maged Mohamed Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, neuropeptide F2 (NPF2) has been demonstrated to increase food consumption and body weight in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. This study evaluated the effect of NPF2 on the adult female reproductive system of H. armigera. Daily NPF2 injections increased oocyte size, ecdysteroid titre in ovaries and haemolymph and the expression level of ecdysone receptor (EcR), ultraspiracle (USP) and vitellogenin (Vg) genes. However, NPF2 injection had no effect on the expression level of hormone receptor 3 (HR3). Fecundity and fertility were increased after the injection of NPF2. The knockdown of the NPF2 gene using RNA interference (RNAi) had opposite effects compared to NPF2 injection. Overall, these results revealed that NPF2 has a regulatory role in the female reproduction of the cotton bollworm.