bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrainment effects on combustion and emission characteristics of turbulent non‐premixed ammonia/air and methane/air swirl flames through a developed perforated burner
Authors: Sahin Murat , Ilbas Mustafa , Arslan Busra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA fuel/oxidizer mixture can be burned using a colourless distributed combustion (CDC) process to obtain low emissions and homogeneous combustion. As an alternative way, a perforated burner can be designed to achieve homogeneous combustion and low emissions without changing the combustion performance by having entrainment effects on the combustion chamber. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) 3D modelling was performed in a perforated burner for ammonia/methane fuels in order to obtain the distributed regime and focus on the entrainment effects. In numerical analysis, the eddy break‐up was used as combustion model, k‐Ɛ as turbulence model, and P‐1 as radiation model. In this study, 10% and 20% entrainment rates were provided from the flame holder wall of the perforated burner. The effects of entrainment rates on temperature, velocity, and NOX emission values were examined. According to the results, when the entrainment rate was increased from 10% to 20%, the overall temperature values of ammonia and methane combustion slightly increased by approximately 1.0%, while on the other hand the maximum temperature levels in the near burner zone decreased by about 5.0%. The findings demonstrated that temperature and velocity distributions got more uniform and the flame zones became thinner. This provided a more colourless and invisible flame appearance. In this way, an improvement in the thermal field has been achieved. In conclusion, when the effect of the distributed regime on NOX emission levels was examined, it has been noted that entrainment effects enable the achievement of low emission levels (approximately 9.0%).
Selective N‐Methylation of N‐Methylaniline with CO2 and H2 over Cu/In2O3 Catalyst†
Authors: Zheng Huan , Qian Bo , He Lin 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryN‐Methylation of amines with CO2 and H2 is a potential approach for CO2 utilization because N‐methylated amines can be used as solvents and organic intermediates. In2O3‐supported Cu (Cu/In2O3) acts as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for N‐methylation reaction of N‐methylaniline (MA) with CO2 and H2, showing higher N,N‐dimethylaniline (DMA) selectivity than other supported Cu catalysts. On one hand, the dispersion of Cu can be improved by the defective In2O3 support. On the other hand, In2O3 support is active in the dissociative adsorption of CO2 through C—O bond breaking. In addition, the H2 dissociation ability of In2O3 can also be enhanced by Cu. The combination of Cu and In2O3 is effective in the activation of CO2, the adsorption of intermediate N‐methylformanilide (MFA), the hydrogenation of MFA to DMA and the prohibition of C—N bond cleavage side reactions, thereby enhancing the reaction rate of MA conversion and the selectivity to DMA.
Stabilizing Pseudouridimycin: Synthesis, RNA Polymerase Inhibitory Activity, and Antibacterial Activity of Dipeptide‐Modified Analogues
Authors: Anwar Avraz F. , Cain Christopher F. , Garza Michael J. , Degen David , Ebright Richard H. , Del Valle Juan R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPseudouridimycin (PUM) is a microbially produced C‐nucleoside dipeptide that selectively targets the nucleotide addition site of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) and that has a lower rate of spontaneous resistance emergence relative to current drugs that target RNAP. Despite its promising biological profile, PUM undergoes relatively rapid decomposition in buffered aqueous solutions. Here, we describe the synthesis, RNAP‐inhibitory activity, and antibacterial activity of chemically stabilized analogues of PUM. These analogues feature targeted modifications that mitigate guanidine‐mediated hydroxamate bond scission. A subset of analogues in which the central hydroxamate is replaced with amide or hydrazide isosteres retain the antibacterial activity of the natural product.
Adherence to hormonal therapy after surgery among older women with ductal carcinoma in situ: Implications for breast cancer–related adverse health events
Authors: Mitchell Jean M. , DeLeire Thomas , Isaacs Claudine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) shows that receipt of hormonal therapy after surgery for estrogen receptor–positive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) reduces the risk of DCIS and contralateral invasive breast cancer (IBC) but not death from breast cancer. RCTs examined homogeneous samples, and therefore whether this evidence can be generalized to diverse populations is unclear.MethodsPopulation‐based data from four state cancer registries (California, New Jersey, New York, and Texas) were analyzed on women aged 65 years and older newly diagnosed with DCIS who underwent surgery with or without radiation during the years 2006–2013. Registry records were merged with Medicare enrollment in Parts A and/or B and D (prescription drugs) and associated claims. Whether adherence to hormonal therapy was associated with adverse breast cancer–related health events was analyzed.ResultsAchieving excellent adherence did not affect death from breast cancer. In contrast, the risk of developing a subsequent breast tumor was 6.24 percentage points (breast‐conserving surgery [BCS] with radiation therapy [RT]) and 10.54 percentage points (BCS alone) lower for women with excellent versus low adherence (p < .00001). For excellent versus good adherence, the reduced risk among women who had BCS with and without RT was approximately 3 and 5 percentage points, respectively. A similar pattern emerged for the risk of IBC among women who achieved excellent versus good or low adherence, whereas good versus low adherence comparisons were not significant.ConclusionsThis analysis of a diverse population‐based cohort of women with DCIS demonstrates that achieving excellent adherence to hormonal therapy is critical to minimizing the occurrence of developing subsequent breast tumors.Plain Language Summary

Our analysis of a diverse population‐based cohort of women with ductal carcinoma in situ demonstrates that achieving excellent adherence to hormonal therapy is critical to minimizing the occurrence of developing subsequent breast tumors.
Fluorescent Molecular Photoswitches for the Generation of All‐Optical Encryption Keys
Authors: Benitez‐Martin Carlos , Rouillon Jean , Grøtli Morten , Andréasson Joakim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a tri‐component photochromic molecular cocktail that can be used to encrypt and decrypt information. The time‐dependent fluorescent response of this cocktail is highly non‐linear with respect to the set of inputs used (concentrations of the three photochromic components, excitation‐ and emission wavelengths), a property required for the generation of so‐called encryption keys. The all‐optical system can generate more than 80 million unique fluorescence responses by applying different input combinations and is operated using a conventional fluorimeter.
Modulated model predictive current control technique for single phase nine‐level T‐type packed U‐cell inverter topology
Authors: Bhanuchandar Aratipamula , Murthy Bhagwan K. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper proposes a new floor function single carrier‐based modulated model predictive current control technique (FF‐SC‐M2PC2T) by considering conventional nine‐level T‐type packed U‐cell (9L‐TPUC) inverter topology. To get desired peak value of load current with low harmonic distortion, the finite control set‐based model predictive control technique (FCS‐MPCT) has been reported in the literature considering load dynamics and minimization of the cost function. However, inherently it suffers from variable switching frequency (VSF) of operation. To diminish this issue, an M2PC2T has been implemented and it provides a constant switching frequency (CSF) of operation. Especially coming to the modulation stage, most authors generally use level‐shifted pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques which inherently require more carriers, if‐else conditions, and additional logical gate blocks to generate particular level output. Hence, the control complexity increases as going to higher‐level inverter topologies. In this manuscript, a new simple floor function single carrier‐based pulse width modulation (FF‐SC‐PWM) technique has been proposed which applies to any single‐phase switched capacitor type multilevel inverter topology and it can be easily integrated with a predictive control algorithm to regulate the inverter output current (IOC). Finally, to check the effectiveness of the proposed control technique (PCT) in a closed loop, a laboratory prototype has been employed on 9L‐TPUC inverter topology with different static and dynamic case studies considering RL‐Load.
OPTIMAL: An OPTimized Imaging Mass cytometry AnaLysis framework for benchmarking segmentation and data exploration
Authors: Hunter Bethany , Nicorescu Ioana , Foster Emma , McDonald David , Hulme Gillian , Fuller Andrew , Thomson Amanda , Goldsborough Thibaut , Hilkens Catharien M. U. , Majo Joaquim , Milross Luke , Fisher Andrew , Bankhead Peter , Wills John , Rees Paul , Filby Andrew , Merces George 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAnalysis of imaging mass cytometry (IMC) data and other low‐resolution multiplexed tissue imaging technologies is often confounded by poor single‐cell segmentation and suboptimal approaches for data visualization and exploration. This can lead to inaccurate identification of cell phenotypes, states, or spatial relationships compared to reference data from single‐cell suspension technologies. To this end we have developed the “OPTimized Imaging Mass cytometry AnaLysis (OPTIMAL)” framework to benchmark any approaches for cell segmentation, parameter transformation, batch effect correction, data visualization/clustering, and spatial neighborhood analysis. Using a panel of 27 metal‐tagged antibodies recognizing well‐characterized phenotypic and functional markers to stain the same Formalin‐Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) human tonsil sample tissue microarray over 12 temporally distinct batches we tested several cell segmentation models, a range of different arcsinh cofactor parameter transformation values, 5 different dimensionality reduction algorithms, and 2 clustering methods. Finally, we assessed the optimal approach for performing neighborhood analysis. We found that single‐cell segmentation was improved by the use of an Ilastik‐derived probability map but that issues with poor segmentation were only really evident after clustering and cell type/state identification and not always evident when using “classical” bivariate data display techniques. The optimal arcsinh cofactor for parameter transformation was 1 as it maximized the statistical separation between negative and positive signal distributions and a simple Z‐score normalization step after arcsinh transformation eliminated batch effects. Of the five different dimensionality reduction approaches tested, PacMap gave the best data structure with FLOWSOM clustering out‐performing phenograph in terms of cell type identification. We also found that neighborhood analysis was influenced by the method used for finding neighboring cells with a “disc” pixel expansion outperforming a “bounding box” approach combined with the need for filtering objects based on size and image‐edge location. Importantly, OPTIMAL can be used to assess and integrate with any existing approach to IMC data analysis and, as it creates .FCS files from the segmentation output and allows for single‐cell exploration to be conducted using a wide variety of accessible software and algorithms familiar to conventional flow cytometrists.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Pantolactone: Recent Advances
Authors: Du Zhi‐Hong , Lv Xiao‐Xiong , Liu Ning , Chen Fei , Yuan Meng , Da Chao‐Shan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract(R)‐Pantolactone, an intermediate in the syntheses of Vitamin B5 and coenzyme A, is an important chiral molecule often used as a food additive, chiral auxiliary, and chiral starting material for organic transformations. Enantioenriched pantolactones are predominantly produced by biological fermentation and chemical synthesis approaches. Herein, we present a review of recent developments in the asymmetric synthesis of pantolactone through different methods, and systematically summarize the characteristics and advantageous features of these strategies. Among the strategies discussed herein, the direct asymmetric catalysis of glyoxylate and isobutyraldehyde with small organocatalyst molecules has attracted growing attention owing to its good step‐economy, commercially available starting materials, absence of toxic reagents, mild reaction conditions, convenient operation, and low catalyst loading. These characteristics render the direct asymmetric route to pantolactone a particularly attractive procedure. This review provides valuable guidance for the design and synthesis of enantioenriched pantolactone and its analogs.
Bilateral ictal EEG is associated with better memory outcome after hippocampal sclerosis surgery
Authors: Castro‐Lima Humberto , Passarelli Valmir , Ribeiro Elyse S , Adda Carla C , Preturlon‐Santos Ana Paula P , Jorge Carmen L , Valério Rosa , Tzu Wen Hung , Boa‐Sorte Ney , Pipek Leonardo Zumerkorn , Castro Luiz Henrique M 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare memory outcomes after surgery for unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS)‐associated epilepsy in patients with unilateral and bilateral ictal electrographic involvement.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated HS patients, aged 18‐55 years and IQ ≥70. Left (L) and right (R) surgical groups underwent noninvasive video‐EEG monitoring and Wada test. We classified patients as Ipsilateral if ictal EEG was restricted to the HS side, or Bilateral, if at least one seizure onset occurred contralaterally to the HS, or if ictal discharge evolved to the opposite temporal region. Patients who declined surgery served as controls. Memory was evaluated on two occasions with Rey Auditory‐Verbal Learning Test and Rey Visual‐Design Learning Test. Baseline neuropsychological test scores were compared between groups. Pre‐ and postoperative scores were compared within each group. Reliable change index Z‐scores (RCI) were obtained using controls as references, and compared between surgical groups.ResultsWe evaluated 64 patients. Patients were classified as: L‐Ipsilateral (9), L‐Bilateral (15), L‐Control (9), R‐Ipsilateral (10), R‐Bilateral (9), and R‐Control (12). On preoperative evaluation, memory performance did not differ among surgical groups. Right HS patients did not present postoperative memory decline. L‐Ipsilateral group presented postoperative decline on immediate (P = 0.036) and delayed verbal recall (P = 0.011), while L‐Bilateral did not decline. L‐Ipsilateral had lower RCI Z‐scores, indicating delayed verbal memory decline compared to L‐Bilateral (P = 0.012).SignificanceDominant HS patients with bilateral ictal involvement presented less pronounced postoperative verbal memory decline compared to patients with exclusive ipsilateral ictal activity. Surgery was indicated in these patients regardless of memory impairment on neuropsychological testing, since resection of the left sclerotic hippocampus could result in cessation of contralateral epileptiform activity, and, therefore, improved memory function.
Reconnaissance Survey of Organic Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Kabul and Swat Rivers of Pakistan
Authors: Schilling Costello Maria Christina , Asad Neelam , Haris Muhammad , Yousefi Peyman , Khan Bushra , Lee Linda S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Swat and Kabul rivers of northern Pakistan are within an important regional watershed that supports river-based livelihoods and is impacted by untreated effluent discharges and municipal solid waste. Evidence indicates that fish populations are decreasing in these rivers. One potential cause of poor aquatic health is pollution; therefore, we investigated the presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in the river systems. Water samples were collected in the Kabul River (n = 9) and Swat River (n = 10) during seasons of high (summer 2018) and low (winter 2019) river flow. Agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, plasticizers, chemicals in personal care products, and hormones were quantified via liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. In the Swat River, caffeine (18–8452 ng/L), N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET; 16–56 ng/L), and plasticizers (13–7379 ng/L) were detected at all sites during both seasons, while butachlor (16–98 ng/L) was detected only during high flow. In the Kabul River, caffeine (12–2081 ng/L) and several plasticizers (91–722 ng/L) were detected at all sites during both seasons, while DEET (up to 97 ng/L) was detected only during high flow. During low flow, pharmaceuticals (analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) were quantified in both rivers (up to 823 ng/L), with detection frequencies from 70% to 100% and 0% to 78% in the Swat and Kabul Rivers, respectively. Intermittent-use and natural seasonal processes (increased runoff and dilution from rainfall and snowmelt) yielded higher agrochemical concentrations and lower concentrations of continuous-use compounds (e.g., caffeine) during high flow. The present study provides the first insight into CEC concentrations in the Swat River, additional insight into the Kabul River stressors, and, overall, contaminant risks to aquatic life. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2599–2613. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Plasticizers and other chemicals of emerging concern in Pakistan rivers are compromising aquatic ecosystems, thus potentially community livelihoods.
NN‐based method for regulating electrical impulse firing behavior of semiconductor low‐dimensional nanomaterials
Authors: Yang Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the process of regulating the electrical pulse emission behavior of polyoxide‐semiconductor low‐vinamethylene material neural network (NN) by adsorption of oxidation/reduction molecules, the electrical pulse behavior in the NN is uncontrollable. In order to develop a new method to solve this problem, we analyze a regulatory method to study the emission behavior of electrical pulses by regulating the charge transfer of oxidation/reduction molecules between polymetalate semiconductors and low‐vinamethylene materials. In this paper, BP neural network is used to process and model the electrical pulse discharge behavior of semiconductor low‐vinamil materials. By establishing the neural network model, the precise control of the electrical pulse emission behavior is realized, and experiments are carried out. The experimental results in this paper show that after using the BP NN to calculate the regulation of the electrical pulse discharge behavior of low‐dimensional nanomaterials, it can be seen that the charge threshold am is 6 when no redox molecules are added. When NH3 is adsorbed, the charge threshold am is 13 according to the change ratio of the corresponding charge barrier height. Through the simulation results of pulse emission recorded by the NN, it can be seen that the amplitude and frequency of electric pulse in a molecular NN are reduced. This research provides new methodological and theoretical support for the development of novel neural networks and intelligent electronic devices based on semiconductor low‐dimensional nanomaterials.
Environmental and farming practice controls of productivity of Cyrtosperma merkusii (giant swamp taro), an underutilised wetland and potential paludiculture crop
Authors: Mendiondo Guillermina , Moko Emma M. , Sparkes Debbie L. , Rahardiyan Dino , Welham Simon J. M. , O'Reilly Patrick , Wilson Paul , Thomas Michelle L. , Ngangi Jantje , Sjögersten Sofie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGrowing recognition of the potential vulnerabilities of major crop systems has spurred a growing interest in the potential of alternative crops which may be resilient to climate change and also help mitigate its effects. In Indonesia, such issues are particularly pertinent given that country's particular vulnerability to climate change impacts high dependence on agricultural livelihoods and varied topographies and growing conditions. Cyrtosperma merkusii (giant swamp taro) is a wetland plant which has historically formed part of food systems in the eastern Pacific. The plant has the potential to be cultivated as a source of starch on marginal coastal land and on peatlands with high water tables. The aim of this paper was therefore to determine site conditions that promote growth of C. merkusii and the macro and micronutrient status of the corms. Naturally, the size of the plants varied substantially among sites, with a neutral pH, and low redox and conductivity being strong edaphic predictors of corm size. Despite substantial differences in the soil properties of the different study sites, there were no significant differences in the macro and micronutrient content of the corms. Field trials showed that although the plants grew under dry land conditions, the plants grew bigger and yielded corms with greater concentrations of Fe, Mn and K under waterlogged conditions, indicating that a high‐water table is the best cultivation environment for C. merkusii. The nutrient content of the corms suggests that, although primarily a starch crop, C. merkusii could also increase the intake of Fe in populations where Fe deficiency is pervasive. We conclude that the wetland plant C. merkusii has considerable potential as a paludiculture crop in low‐lying areas of SE Asia as it was tolerant of a wide range of soil conditions and performed well when cultivated under waterlogged conditions without additional fertilisation.
A 2D seismic reflection dataset of the Caosiyao giant porphyry Mo deposit in the shallow coverage area in Jining, Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Lin Kunqi , Zhang Zhenjie , Yang Jie , Chen Guoxiong , Wu Guopeng , Wang Yongzhi , Cheng Qiuming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProspecting for and exploiting buried mineral deposits is currently challenging. Given their high precision and resolution, reflection seismic methods might be useful in such applications involving deep mineral deposits. However, there are few open seismic datasets available from mineral deposit exploration, especially in hardrock environments. The world‐class Caosiyao porphyry Molybdenum deposit (1.76 Mt) in the Jining area of Inner Mongolia, China, is largely covered by loess layers, which poses challenges to its exploration. Seismic reflection surveys were conducted to help delineate the deep granite porphyry intrusions and associated orebodies. This paper presents the raw seismic reflection dataset from three profiles on the Caosiyao deposit area, which can be used as a standard dataset for reflection seismic processing in shallow coverage and hardrock areas. Situated at the juxtaposition of the Khondalite Belt and the Trans‐North China Orogen in the northern North China Craton, the Jining region hosts considerable known porphyry Mo deposits. As such, this open dataset can assist in research on deep geological structures and hence increase prospecting efficiency in geologically similar areas.