bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori: From potential biomolecular mechanisms to clinical practice
Authors: Lin Yifan , Shao Yongfu , Yan Jianing , Ye Guoliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncreasing rates of Helicobacter pylori resistance are associated with multiple clinical challenges. Bacterial factors linked to H. pylori resistance are mutations, efflux pumps, and biofilms. Gene mutations such as nucleic acid synthesis‐related gene mutations, rRNA coding gene mutations, and cell wall synthesis‐related gene mutations are the most important mechanisms by which H. pylori evades bactericidal effects. These mechanisms are also closely related to the biological activity of the efflux pump systems and biofilms. Activation of the efflux pump system and biofilm formation both lead to the emergence of MDR strains, further increasing the difficulty of eradication therapy. In this review, the status of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori from different regions and countries is summarized and compared, and H. pylori resistance profiles and their changing trends in the clinic are described. Then, research progress on biomolecular mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies are introduced and discussed. Challenges resulting from increasing resistance, potential solutions to combat increasing resistance, and future directions are discussed to help clinicians and researchers better address the emergence and spread of resistant H. pylori strains and optimize drug regimens. With the rate of H. pylori resistance to commonly used antibiotics increasing, more attention should be given to the selection of antibiotics and to monitoring resistance when antibiotics are used for clinical eradication treatment. Individualized precise eradication treatment under the guidance of drug susceptibility testing will become the mainstream method of treatment in the future.
Practicing dentistry in the age of COVID‐19: Perception changes due to the new PPE standards
Authors: Rodriguez‐Vamvas Sheila , Keohane Ana , Zweig Matthew , Smaellie Kendrick 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine how the COVID‐19 pandemic and extensive use of personal protective equipment (PPE) have affected the perception of the practice of dentistry in an urban dental school in the USA.MethodsIn 2021, an electronic cross‐sectional questionnaire was sent to school faculty via email, while predoctoral, clinical dental students were invited to participate during clinical group meetings. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsSixty‐six faculty and 209 students completed the questionnaire (n = 275, response rate = 39%). The faculty self‐identified into two groups: dentists who only teach (teaching faculty, n = 33) and dentists who teach and also work in outside clinics (practicing faculty, n = 33). Practicing faculty (45.5%) were significantly more pessimistic about the future of dentistry than the other two groups. Students were the least concerned with treating COVID‐19 patients compared to other groups and only 15.8% of students reported a change in enthusiasm toward dentistry. Practicing faculty did not feel that extra PPE presented a physical challenge. Teaching faculty were least alarmed by extra PPE and least concerned about PPE increasing patient stress. More faculty were in favor of vaccination requirements (90.9%) than students (73.7%).ConclusionsNeither COVID‐19 nor the use of extensive PPE negatively affected the participants’ perception of the future of dentistry. Most participants felt safe wearing extra PPE during the pandemic but were concerned about the negative environmental effects. Students did not feel strongly that vaccination should be a requirement for clinical dentists and staff.
Gender survival differences in hepatocellular carcinoma: Is it all due to adherence to surveillance? A study of 1716 patients over three decades
Authors: Liou Wei‐Lun , Tan Terence J‐Y. , Chen Kaina , Goh George B‐B. , Chang Jason P‐E. , Tan Chee‐Kiat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest causes of cancer‐related death worldwide. Whether gender is an independent factor for HCC survival is debatable. We studied the influence of gender on the clinical characteristics of HCC and on survival.MethodsThe study cohort comprised patients with HCC seen in our department from 1988 to 2021. Clinical data were prospectively collected. We studied and compared demography, HCC characteristics, and survival between females and males. Survival analysis was censored on October 31, 2015.ResultsThere were 1716 HCC patients. 343 (20.0%) were females. Females were significantly older at diagnosis (median 69 vs 62 years, P < 0.001). More females were diagnosed via regular HCC surveillance (37.9% vs 29.6%, P = 0.003). Hence, as expected, females had less‐advanced HCC at diagnosis with smaller median tumor diameter (30 vs 39.5 mm, P = 0.038), lower frequency of portal vein tumor thrombus (19.4% vs 33.4%, P < 0.001), less distant metastases (7.7% vs 11%, P = 0.043), and earlier Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages (0/A, 39.7% vs 28.4%, P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, HCC diagnosis via surveillance but not female gender was an independent predictor of improved HCC survival.ConclusionsIn this large cohort of multi‐ethnic Asian patients, females with HCC were significantly more adherent to surveillance and hence presented with less advanced HCC with correspondingly better overall survival than males. The gender difference in survival is likely due to females having better adherence to HCC surveillance. Surveillance to diagnose early‐stage HCC remains crucial in improving outcomes.
Rainbow structures in a collection of graphs with degree conditions
Authors: Li Luyi , Li Ping , Li Xueliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLet be a collection of not necessarily distinct ‐vertex graphs with the same vertex set . We use to denote an edge‐colored multigraph of with and a multiset consisting of , and the edge of is colored by if . A graph is rainbow in if any two edges of belong to different graphs of . We say that is rainbow vertex‐pancyclic if each vertex of is contained in a rainbow cycle of with length for every integer , and that is rainbow panconnected if for any pair of vertices and of there exists a rainbow path of with length joining and for every integer . In this paper, we study the existences of rainbow spanning trees and rainbow Hamiltonian paths in under the Ore‐type conditions. Moreover, we study the rainbow vertex‐pancyclicity and rainbow panconnectedness, as well as the existence of rainbow cliques in under the Dirac‐type conditions. We also give some examples to show the sharpness of our results.
On the number of maximal independent sets: From Moon–Moser to Hujter–Tuza
Authors: Palmer Cory , Patkós Balázs 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe connect two classical results in extremal graph theory concerning the number of maximal independent sets. The maximum number of maximal independent sets in an ‐vertex graph was determined by Miller and Muller and independently by Moon and Moser. The maximum number of maximal independent sets in an ‐vertex triangle‐free graph was determined by Hujter and Tuza. We give a common generalization of these results by determining the maximum number of maximal independent sets in an ‐vertex graph containing no induced triangle matching of size . This also improves a stability result of Kahn and Park on . Our second result is a new (short) proof of a second stability result of Kahn and Park on the maximum number of maximal independent sets in ‐vertex triangle‐free graphs containing no induced matching of size .
Role of cyanuric chloride in organic synthesis: A concise overview
Authors: Sethiya Ayushi , Jangid Dinesh K. , Pradhan Joohee , Agarwal Shikha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCyanuric chloride, a chlorinated analog of 1,3,5‐triazine, is used as a catalyst, promoter, and activator to catalyze and initiate several reactions like Beckmann rearrangement, Lossen rearrangement, Biginelli reaction, Suzuki coupling reaction, Pictet Spengler reaction, Mannich reaction, etc. It is employed in several reactions due to its several properties like stable, non‐volatile, cost‐efficient, easy to handle, and easy commercial availability. Moreover, it is a very renowned precursor for the synthesis of triazine‐class pesticide atrazine, dyes, and crosslinking agents. Herein in this review article, the reactions initiated, catalyzed, and promoted by cyanuric chloride from 2010 to 2022 have been elaborated.
Vaccine mistrust among Black individuals in Canada: The major role of health literacy, conspiracy theories, and racial discrimination in the healthcare system
Authors: Cénat Jude Mary , Moshirian Farahi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Bakombo Schwab Mulopo , Dalexis Rose Darly , Pongou Roland , Caulley Lisa , Yaya Sanni , Etowa Josephine , Venkatesh Vivek 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic disproportionately affected Black communities in Canada in terms of infection and mortality rates compared to the general population. Despite these facts, Black communities are among those with the highest level of COVID‐19 vaccine mistrust (COVID‐19 VM). We collected novel data to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics and factors associated with COVID‐19 VM among Black communities in Canada. A survey was conducted among a representative sample of 2002 Black individuals (51.66% women) aged 14−94 years (M = 29.34; SD = 10.13) across Canada. Vaccine mistrust was assessed as the dependent variable and conspiracy theories, health literacy, major racial discrimination in healthcare settings, and sociodemographic characteristics of participants were assessed as independent variables. Those with a history of COVID‐19 infection had higher COVID‐19 VM score (M = 11.92, SD = 3.88) compared to those with no history of infection (M = 11.25, SD = 3.83), t (1999) = −3.85, p < 0.001. Participants who reported having experienced major racial discrimination in healthcare settings were more likely to report COVID‐19 VM (M = 11.92, SD = 4.03) than those who were not (M = 11.36, SD = 3.77), t (1999) = −3.05, p = 0.002. Results also showed significant differences for age, education level, income, marital status, provinces, language, employment status, and religion. The final hierarchical linear regression showed that conspiracy beliefs (B = 0.69, p < 0.001) were positively associated with COVID‐19 VM, while health literacy (B = −0.05, p = 0.002) was negatively associated with it. The mediated moderation model showed that conspiracy theories completely mediated the association between racial discrimination and vaccine mistrust (B = 1.71, p < 0.001). This association was also completely moderated by the interaction between racial discrimination and health literacy (B = 0.42, p = 0.008), indicating that despite having a high level of health literacy, those who experienced major racial discrimination in health services developed vaccine mistrust. This first study on COVID‐19 VM exclusively among Black individuals in Canada provides data that can significantly impact the development of tools, trainings, strategies, and programs to make the health systems free of racism and increase their confidence in vaccination for COVID‐19 and other infectious diseases.
Mitochondrial HIGD1A inhibits hepatitis B virus transcription and replication through the cellular PNKD‐NF‐κB‐NR2F1 nexus
Authors: Xie Zhanglian , Shen Sheng , Huang Kuiyuan , Wang Weibin , Liu Ziying , Zhang Haixing , Lu Mengji , Sun Jian , Hou Jinlin , Liu Hongyan , Guo Haitao , Zhang Xiaoyong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHepatitis B Virus (HBV) replication has been reported to be restricted by the intrahepatic host restriction factors and antiviral signaling pathways. The intracellular mechanisms underlying the significant viremia difference among different phases of the natural history chronic HBV infection remain elusive. We herein report that the hypoxia‐induced gene domain protein‐1a (HIGD1A) was highly expressed in the liver of inactive HBV carriers with low viremia. Ectopic expression of HIGD1A in hepatocyte‐derived cells significantly inhibited HBV transcription and replication in a dose‐dependent manner, while silence of HIGD1A promoted HBV gene expression and replication. Similar results were also observed in both de novo HBV‐infected cell culture model and HBV persistence mouse model. Mechanistically, HIGD1A is located on the mitochondrial inner membrane and activates nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway through binding to paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD), which further enhances the expression of a transcription factor NR2F1 to inhibit HBV transcription and replication. Consistently, knockdown of PNKD or NR2F1 and blockage of NF‐κB signaling pathway abrogated the inhibitory effect of HIGD1A on HBV replication. Mitochondrial HIGD1A exploits the PNKD‐NF‐κB‐NR2F1 nexus to act as a host restriction factor of HBV infection. Our study thus shed new lights on the regulation of HBV by hypoxia‐related genes and related antiviral strategies.
Functional properties and formation mechanisms of dialdehyde polysaccharides crosslinked gliadin‐films enforced by alkaline condition
Authors: Jia Feng , Huang Yanbo , Hou Yi , Hu Song‐Qing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe usage of natural polysaccharides is attractive to researchers around the world. At the same time, non‐/low‐toxic crosslinkers prepared by polysaccharides are expected to fabricate protein‐based films in many fields. Herein, different dialdehyde polysaccharides (DPs) were successfully synthesized and applied to prepare gliadin‐films under alkaline conditions. The functional properties and formation mechanisms of the films were fully investigated.RESULTSThe results showed that the mechanical properties, water‐resistant properties, thermal stability, and antibacterial properties of the gliadin‐films were improved by DPs and alkali treatment. Particularly dialdehyde dextrin (DAD) crosslinked gliadin‐films showed the highest tensile strength, but no additional effect on their elongation, or advancement on the other functional properties. The film‐forming mechanisms indicated that Schiff base bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonds were the main forces in the films, supporting their improvement in functional properties.CONCLUSIONDPs, especially DAD, can be a promising crosslinker in fabricating gliadin‐films. These findings have shown great promise to seek an effective crosslinker for fabricating gliadin/protein‐based packaging. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Development of a Predictive Model for Persistent Dizziness Following Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery
Authors: Suresh Krish , Elkahwagi Mohamed A. , Garcia Alejandro , Naples James G. , Corrales C. Eduardo , Crowson Matthew G. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveIn an era of vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery where functional preservation is increasingly emphasized, persistent postoperative dizziness is a relatively understudied functional outcome. The primary objective was to develop a predictive model to identify patients at risk for developing persistent postoperative dizziness after VS resection.MethodsRetrospective review of patients who underwent VS surgery at our institution with a minimum of 12 months of postoperative follow‐up. Demographic, tumor‐specific, preoperative, and immediate postoperative features were collected as predictors. The primary outcome was self‐reported dizziness at 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐up. Binary and multiclass machine learning classification models were developed using these features.ResultsA total of 1,137 cases were used for modeling. The median age was 67 years, and 54% were female. Median tumor size was 2 cm, and the most common approach was suboccipital (85%). Overall, 63% of patients did not report postoperative dizziness at any timepoint; 11% at 3‐month follow‐up; 9% at 6‐months; and 17% at 12‐months. Both binary and multiclass models achieved high performance with AUCs of 0.89 and 0.86 respectively. Features important to model predictions were preoperative headache, need for physical therapy on discharge, vitamin D deficiency, and systemic comorbidities.ConclusionWe demonstrate the feasibility of a machine learning approach to predict persistent dizziness following vestibular schwannoma surgery with high accuracy. These models could be used to provide quantitative estimates of risk, helping counsel patients on what to expect after surgery and manage patients proactively in the postoperative setting.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:3534–3539, 2023
Development of a diagnostic framework and its application to open access journal publishing in Korea
Authors: Kim Nayon , Yoon JungWon , Lee Jae Yun , Joung Kyoung Hee , Hwang Hyekyong , Bai Seo Young , Chung EunKyung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo enhance open access (OA) journal publishing environments, this study proposed and applied a diagnostic framework for OA journal publishing. The framework includes three dimensions: OA policy establishment and disclosure, OA sustainability and journal openness quality. By applying this framework to nine OA journals in the field of science and technology in Korea, challenges faced by OA publishing were uncovered. For the dimension of OA policy establishment and disclosure, it was found that participants had lower perceptions of the importance of OA‐related financial disclosure and archiving policies compared with copyright policies. The dimension of OA sustainability was recognized as critical among participants. Finance was recognized as the most critical component of OA sustainability. Financial sources were mostly internal funding and article processing charges (APC), and participants perceived the current financial status of their journal positively. However, they were concerned about long‐term financial security. For the journal openness quality dimension, the participants were hesitant in disclosing reviews and reviewers, which can facilitate the prevention of fake peer review of predatory journals. Based on the findings, the article discusses how the challenging issues identified could be addressed. The results of this study may provide a guide for OA policy and OA system development.
Toward Ultra‐Broadband Absorption and High Quantum Efficiency Red Emission via Fluoride Single Crystals with Heavy Mn4+ Doping
Authors: Wang Yuanjing , Zhou Yayun , Ming Hong , Song Enhai , Zhang Chuang , Tang Wenyu , Zhang Qinyuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOwing to the avoidance of device reabsorption and improvement in the color rendering index (CRI), Mn4+‐activated fluorides have potential applications in full‐spectrum lighting. However, it is still challenging to improve the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and adapt it to the excitation of violet‐light chips used for increasing the CRI and reducing the blue‐light hazard. Here, red‐light single crystals Rb2Si1−xMnxF6 (RSMF) with an ultrahigh optimal Mn4+ content of 32.4 mol% are obtained through structural and morphological design. Breaking through the limitation of low quenching concentration (<10 mol%) of Mn4+‐activated fluorides, the as‐grown heavy Mn4+‐doped RSMF crystal not only exhibits a record EQE of 80.2% but also has a broad excitation band of full width at half maxima = 86 nm, which can be efficiently excited by both blue (460 nm) and violet (437 nm) light. The white light‐emitting diodes fabricated by violet/blue dual‐chips, commercial green phosphor, and the optimized RSMF crystal can realize a high luminous efficacy of 161.8 lm W−1 and high CRI of Ra = 95.5. Additionally, laser diode devices with high luminous flux of 198.2 lm are also presented. This study provides new insights into heavy Mn4+‐doped materials and promotes the application of full‐spectrum lighting.
Pressurized Gyration: Fundamentals, Advancements, and Future
Authors: Dai Yanqi , Ahmed Jubair , Edirisinghe Mohan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs a facile, efficient, and low‐cost fiber manufacturing strategy, pressurized gyration/rotation (PG) is attracting tremendous attention. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the working setups, fundamental principles, processing parameters, and material feed properties of this technology. The characterizations of products prepared by this technology and their wide application fields are summarized. The development potentials and broader application prospects of PG are discussed. PG holds significant promise for the scale‐up of ultrafine fiber manufacturing.
Embodiment, immersion, and enjoyment in virtual reality marketing experiences
Authors: Leveau Pierre‐Henry , Camus et Sandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis experiential marketing study examines the effects of body position and embodiment in shaping consumer intentions mediated by immersion and enjoyment during a virtual reality experience. After a qualitative study (n = 13) aimed at understanding what, in a virtual reality experience, motivates individuals to want to consume the promoted offer, we conducted a quantitative study (n = 300), using a partial least squares structural equation model. Our experimental context placed the users in the role of a kayaker discovering Antarctica via a virtual reality head‐mounted device. The results confirm the positive relationships implied by the conceptual model underpinning the research. The embodiment felt by the users has positive effects on immersion and enjoyment, which in turn positively shape the user‐consumer's intention to discover the destination for real. This study brings theoretical contributions that provide a clearer definition of embodiment in an experiential context. This study also provides professionals with guidance on the choice of virtual reality system contexts and experiential factors to stimulate positive behavioral intentions, in this case to discover a place for real.