bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating prostasin is an independent marker of mortality risk in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Todd Jamie L , Page Courtney , Wu Peitao , Belperio John A , Maher Toby M , Palmer Scott M , Leonard Thomas B , Hesslinger Christian , Neely Megan L , Schlange Thomas 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundProstasin is expressed in the lung epithelium where it regulates fluid and electrolyte balanceviasodium channel proteolysis. We investigated whether circulating prostasin levels are associated with the presence and severity of IPF and whether prostasin levels, or changes in them, are associated with mortality.MethodsPatients with IPF came from the IPF-PRO Registry. Controls without lung disease had a similar age/sex distribution. Prostasin was quantified in plasma taken at enrollment and, in the IPF cohort, approximately 6 months post-enrollment, by immunoassay. Linear regression was used to compare prostasin levels at enrollment in patients with IPFversuscontrols and, in the IPF cohort, determine associations between prostasin level and lung function. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models determined associations between prostasin level at enrollment and change in prostasin level over 6 months and respiratory death.ResultsProstasin level at enrollment was higher in patients with IPF (n=624)versuscontrols (n=100) (fold-difference 1.75;p<0.001). In the IPF cohort, the difference in disease severity per 1 standard deviation (sd) difference in prostasin was −3.85 for FVC % predicted and −4.24 for DLco % predicted (bothp<0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for respiratory death per 1sddifference in prostasin at enrollment was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.40) (p=0.014) (n=624). The adjusted HR for subsequent respiratory death per 1sddifference in change in prostasin over 6 months was 1.33 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.74) (p=0.041) (n=290).ConclusionsCirculating prostasin is an independent marker of mortality risk in patients with IPF.
Association of DPP-4 inhibitors with respiratory and cardiovascular complications in patients with COPD: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yen Fu-Shun , Cheng-Chung Wei James , Ko Fu-Shun , Huang Yuhan , Yip Hei-Tung , Tsai Fuu-Jen , Hwu Chii-Min , Hsu Chih-Cheng 
Published: January 2025

AimsChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a comorbid condition often associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases, but few studies have observed the impact of various antidiabetic drugs in patients with COPD and T2D. We conducted this study to investigate the long-term outcomes of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor use in patients with COPD and T2D.Materials and methodsWe recruited 55 924 pairs of propensity score-matched DPP-4 inhibitor users and nonusers from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2020. We used the Cox proportional hazards models with robust sandwich standard error estimates to compare the risks of all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and respiratory outcomes in participants with COPD and T2D.ResultsCompared with no-use of DPP-4 inhibitors, the adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for DPP-4 inhibitor use for all-cause mortality, MACE, hospitalization for COPD, invasive mechanical ventilation, bacterial pneumonia, and lung cancer were 0.47(0.45–0.49), 0.92(0.88–0.95), 0.73(0.62–0.85), 0.76(0.71–0.82), 0.73(0.70–0.76), and 0.74(0.71–0.78), respectively. DPP-4 inhibitor users also exhibited a significantly lower cumulative incidence of hospitalization for COPD (log-rank test p=0.004), mechanical ventilation (log-rank test p<0.001), lung cancer (log-rank test p<0.001), bacterial pneumonia (log-rank test p<0.001), and mortality (log-rank test p<0.001) than nonusers.ConclusionsThis nationwide cohort study showed that DPP-4 inhibitor use was associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality, cardiovascular events, respiratory complications, and lung cancer in patients with COPD and T2D. Patients with COPD may benefit from DPP-4 inhibitors.
SignalingviaCD131 regulates pulmonary inflammation, alveolar cell death and emphysema in COPD
Authors: Wang Hao , Him Fung Nok , Gamell Cristina , Woodman Naomi , Chan Samantha , Lachapelle Philippe , Vlahos Ross , McQualter Jonathan , Selemidis Stavros , Galli Mara , Wilson Nick , Douglass Jo , Monaghan Katherine , Lopez Angel F , Owczarek Catherine , Bozinovski Steven 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogenous disease where chronic inflammation is implicated in airway remodeling and emphysema. The CD131 receptor is indispensable for signaling by the beta common (βc) family of cytokines encompassing GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-3, which instigate both Type-2 and non-Type-2 inflammatory responses. This study aims to determine whether antagonising CD131 signaling can prevent pulmonary inflammation, alveolar cell death and emphysema development.MethodsWe performed in-house andin silicotranscriptomic analysis to investigate the gene expression of CD131 (CSF2RB) and pathway enrichment for βc cytokine signaling in blood, sputum and lung biopsies of COPD patients. To model emphysema, transgenic mice expressing human CD131 were exposed to elastase or cigarette smoke (CS) and a fully human monoclonal antibody (CSL311) was employed to inhibit CD131 signaling.ResultsCD131 gene expression was significantly increased in COPD, along with an enrichment of gene set for βc cytokine signaling. In transgenic mice subjected to emphysema models, CD131 antagonism effectively prevented lung injury, alveolar cell death and emphysema development. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing identified pathway enrichment for myeloid cell activation, Type-2 immune response and macrophage alternative activation in elastase-induced emphysematous mice, mirroring human COPD. Blocking CD131 signaling almost completely reversed the global gene expression alterations associated with emphysema development.ConclusionsCD131 signaling orchestrates pulmonary inflammation in COPD, resulting in immunopathology that underpins emphysema and lung function decline. Antagonising CD131 therefore represents a unique strategy to simultaneously target multiple pathogenic myeloid cell populations.
Patients´ experiences of TENS as a postoperative pain relief method in the post-anesthesia care unit after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a qualitative study
Authors: Angelini Eva , Josefsson Charlotta , Ögren Cecilia , Andréll Paulin , Wolf Axel , Ringdal Mona 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
High-frequency, high-intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (HFHI TENS, i.e. 80 Hz and 40–60 mA) is an effective, fast-acting pain relief modality after elective surgery, offering pain relief within 5 min. Few studies have explored patients’ perspectives on using TENS in the post-anesthesia care unit. This study investigates patients’ experiences and perceptions of TENS as a complementary approach to traditional pharmacological pain management in postoperative care.

Method
Patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were offered TENS as an alternative to conventional pain treatment with IV opioids. Twenty participants attended telephone semi-structured telephone interviews a median of 12 days after surgery. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis according to Braun and Clark.

Results
Participants expressed that TENS provided reassurance and relaxation, calmed them, and gave them a sense of control over their pain. Participants perceived a greater degree of autonomy as TENS could be administered independently. They conveyed a preference for TENS, which they experienced as a safe and fast-acting alternative to opioids, despite its limitations in managing severe pain and rapid offset upon discontinuation.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first study that describes patients’ views on managing postoperative pain using TENS in the post-anesthesia care unit. This study indicates that patients desire alternatives to drugs for pain control in the postoperative setting. TENS has advantages, such as a rapid onset and offset and supporting patient autonomy, as well as drawbacks, such as being ineffective when pain is too severe. TENS could be included within the routine multimodal analgesia framework for person-centred postoperative pain management.

Trial registration
The participants in the current study were retrospectively registered and recruited from a randomized controlled trial (RCT; registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04114149).
PRDX5 and PRDX6 translocation and oligomerization in bull sperm: a response to cryopreservation-induced oxidative stress
Authors: Agnieszka Mostek-Majewska , Magdalena Bossowska-Nowicka , Mariola Słowińska , Andrzej Ciereszko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCryopreservation of bull sperm, crucial for breeding and assisted reproduction, often reduces sperm quality due to oxidative stress. This study examines how oxidative stress during cryopreservation affects peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) and peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) proteins, leading to their translocation and oligomerization in bull sperm. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were linked to reduced mitochondrial potential, higher DNA fragmentation, and increased membrane fluidity, prompting PRDX5 to move intracellularly and PRDX6 to the cell membrane. Under cryopreservation, these proteins formed high molecular weight oligomers, that may shift from peroxidase to chaperone roles. Their interaction with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) may be key to their intracellular transport. On the other hand, the presence of PRDX5 and PRDX6 in exosomal vesicles suggested a potential mechanism for their transport into sperm cells. Using Imaging Flow Cytometry and various PAGE techniques, the study detected PRDX5 and PRDX6 in different sperm locations and analyzed their oligomer formation. These findings highlight the adaptive roles of PRDX5 and PRDX6 in protecting sperm cells, offering insights that could improve cryopreservation protocols in animal breeding and human reproductive medicine, and advance our understanding of the oxidative stress response in sperm cells.
Predicting loss of independence among geriatric patients following gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Cunningham Michaela R. , Cramer Christopher L. , Jin Ruyun , Turrentine Florence E. , Zaydfudim Victor M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
While existing risk calculators focus on mortality and complications, elderly patients are concerned with how operations will affect their quality of life, especially their independence. We sought to develop a novel clinically relevant and easy-to-use score to predict elderly patients’ loss of independence after gastrointestinal surgery.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients age ≥ 65 years enrolled in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database and Geriatric Pilot Project who underwent pancreatic, colorectal, or hepatic surgery (January 1, 2014- December 31, 2018). Primary outcome was loss of independence – discharge to facility other than home and decline in functional status. Patients from 2014 to 2017 comprised the training data set. A logistic regression (LR) model was generated using variables with p < 0.2 from the univariable analysis. The six factors most predictive of the outcome composed the short LR model and scoring system. The scoring system was validated with data from 2018.

Results
Of 6,510 operations, 841 patients (13%) lost independence. Training and validation datasets had 5,232 (80%) and 1,278 (20%) patients, respectively. The six most impactful factors in predicting loss of independence were age, preoperative mobility aid use, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, preoperative albumin, non-elective surgery, and race (all OR > 1.83; p < 0.001). The odds ratio of each of these factors were used to create a sixteen-point scoring system. The scoring system demonstrated satisfactory discrimination and calibration across the training and validation datasets, with Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve 0.78 in both and Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic of 0.16 and 0.34, respectively.

Conclusions
This novel scoring system predicts loss of independence for geriatric patients after gastrointestinal operations. Using readily available variables, this tool can be applied in the urgent setting and can contribute to elderly patients and their family discussions related to loss of independence prior to high-risk gastrointestinal operations. The applicability of this scoring tool to additional surgical sub-specialties and external validation should be explored in future studies.
Cadmium and selenium blood levels in association with congestive heart failure in diabetic and prediabetic patients: a cross-sectional study from the national health and nutrition examination survey
Authors: Ji Renyue , Wu Haisheng , Lin Hongli , Li Yang , Shi Yumeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Epidemiological research on the association between heavy metals and congestive heart failure (CHF) in individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism is scarce. The study addresses this research gap by examining the link between exposure to heavy metals and the odds of CHF in a population with dysregulated glucose metabolism.

Method
This cross-sectional study includes 7326 patients with diabetes and prediabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018. The exposure variables are five environmental heavy metals—cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn)—and the endpoint is CHF, determined via face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS), and Bayesian kernel machine learning (BKMR) models were employed to investigate the association between exposure to mixtures of five heavy metals and the odds of having CHF in individuals with diabetes and prediabetes.

Result
Multivariate logistic regression analysis Shows that only blood Cd exhibited a significant linear positive correlation with CHF odds (OR: 1.26, 95%CI 1.07–1.47, p = 0.005), there was a significant 14% decrease in the odds rate of CHF for each additional standard deviation of log10 Se (OR: 0.86,95%CI 0.76–0.96, P = 0.009). The WQS index for the metal mixture only marginally increased the odds of CHF by 1% (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, P = 0.032). BKMR analysis demonstrated a positive association between Cd levels and the odds of CHF, an inverse relationship with Se levels in patients with diabetes and prediabetes. However, no significant association was observed between the metal mixture and CHF.

Conclusion
This cross-sectional study demonstrates that increased Cd levels are associated with a higher odds of CHF in patients with diabetes and pre-diabetes, whereas elevated blood Se levels significantly mitigate this odds.
Operationalising user behaviour: a study on the life cycle assessment of smart home technologies
Authors: Tippe Mareike , Wigger Henning , Brand-Daniels Urte , Vogt Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Smart home technologies (SHT) make it easier than ever to track energy demands and are expected to contribute to the implementation of sustainability strategies. In particular, they are supposed to enable promising demand side management strategies by altering user behaviour towards sustainability while ensuring the balance of energy supply and demand.
For determining environmental impacts of products and technologies, the methodology of life cycle assessment (LCA) is an established tool. While large parts of LCAs are standardised, the consideration of user behaviour related effects has not been specified. By adopting an interdisciplinary perspective, this literature study contributes to the future development of a standardized methodology for the operationalisation of behaviour in LCAs.

Results
Three main strategies for operationalising behaviour in LCA studies were identified: (1) behaviour theory-based approaches, (2) model-based behaviour predictions and (literature-based) deductions, and (3) averages and assumptions. The results of this literature study show that the selection of the strategy is crucial as the user behaviour and methods used for LCAs have a significant impact on the environmental and economic payback periods and calculated overall impact of SHTs. Findings from the social sciences on practices and household activities that can be influenced by SHTs, are not systematically applied.

Conclusions
Our literature analysis makes it clear that LCA results depend on various factors. Selected operationalisation and methodological approaches, respectively, can play a key role. Depending on the method chosen the results can vary by several orders of magnitude and are not always comparable. Simplified approaches for integrating user behaviour into LCAs like assumptions and average values can be a first step in accounting for the relevance of behaviour. However, it is important to bear in mind that these approaches may not reflect actual user behaviour, as this can be subjected to a limited changeability of certain household practices and habits. On the basis of the results, the authors recommend greater interdisciplinary co-operation in the conduction of LCAs on SHTs, ranging from a common definition of the scope, to the implementation of socio-scientific research and survey methods, to the derivation of policies.
Improved capacitance of NiO and nanoporous silicon electrodes for micro-supercapacitor application
Authors: Thamri S. , Raouadi M. H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe investigated the NiO/PS/Si and the NiO/Si electrodes to highlight the effect of the PS porous silicon on the enhancement of the electrode performance. We elaborated the PS with the stain etching method, whereas the NiO nickel oxide was synthesized using sol–gel and deposited through the spin coating technique. We showed that PS porous silicon significantly increased the active surface area and improved the electrical and electrochemical properties. Thus, we obtained promising results for NiO/PS/Si. The effective series resistance and interfacial resistances were reduced from 1.8 Ω cm2 and 42 Ω cm2 to 0.05 Ω cm2 and 0.29 Ω cm2 from NiO/Si to NiO/PS/Si, respectively. The capacitance increased from 12.34 µF cm−2 for NiO/Si to 9.64 mF cm−2 for NiO/PS/Si. We found similar capacity values from the CV cyclic voltammetry curves and IS impedance spectroscopy Nyquist plots. We obtained equivalent effective series resistance values from the charge–discharge and Nyquist plots, confirming our results. The NiO/PS/Si electrode showed good stability with only a 3% loss for 5000 galvanostatic cycles. The energy efficiency is estimated from the charge–discharge curves to be 91%.
Asymmetric risk contagion effect of the interaction between the real economy and the financial sector—an analysis based on the domestic commodity price index
Authors: Yonghui Quan , Wenlong Miao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs the uncertainty of the global economy intensifies, domestic real economy risks and financial risks may interact and worsen under international risk shocks. Commodity prices are an important channel for transmitting international economic and financial risks. Taking January 2007 to July 2021 as the sample period and using data from nine commodity price indices and banking, diversified finance, and insurance industry indices, this article uses rolling regression method to construct different commodity price risk and financial sector risk indicators. Combined with a vector autoregressive model, the risk contagion effect is calculated. The analysis indicates that there exist significant asymmetric risk contagion effects between various commodities (with energy and steel having the largest risk spillover effects) and there are significant net risk spillover effects on financial sectors (with insurance having the largest risk spillover effect). There are asymmetric risk contagion effects among different financial sectors, with varying degrees of risk spillover effects on commodity prices (with the banking sector having the greatest risk spillover effects on commodity prices and other financial sectors, and diversified finance having the greatest risk spillover effect on commodities). During major global financial events, the risk spillover effects of commodities and input effects increase significantly due to the intensification of the risk spillover effects of energy, steel, and nonferrous metals. The risk spillover effect between commodities and the overall risk spillover effect have significantly increased. The financial sector’s overall net risk input effect has increased, while the net risk input effect of the insurance sector has also increased. These findings are significant for improving systemic financial risk monitoring indicators and adopting accurate prevention and control measures.
Lymphatic leaks – success of intranodal lymphangiogram first strategy
Authors: Campbell Alan , Velazquez-Pimentel Diana , Seager Matthew , Hesketh Richard , Hague Julian , Raja Jowad , Brookes Jocelyn , Ngo An , Walkden Miles , Papadopoulou Anthie , Smith Daron , Mohammadi Borzoueh , Barod Ravi , Akhtar Mohammed Rashid , Tun Jimmy Kyaw , Low Deborah Elise , Renfrew Ian Daniel , Fotheringham Tim , von Stempel Conrad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Lymphatic leaks are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Intranodal lymphangiography (ILAG) involves the direct injection of ethiodised lipid into the hilum of lymph nodes. It is diagnostic procedure that can have therapeutic effects secondary to a local sclerosant effect. The aim of the study is to describe the technical and clinical success of ILAG and adjunctive lymphatic interventions performed as first line interventional techniques for lymphatic leaks refractory to conservative and medical management in a multicentre cohort of patients with symptomatic large volume lymphatic leaks.

Methods
Multicentre retrospective study of all lymphatic interventions performed between 2017–2023 in patients with large volume lymphatic leaks (> 500 ml a day). Intranodal lymphangiography was performed initially with technical success defined as opacification of the lymphatics at the aortic bifurcation and demonstration of lymphatic leak on the index ILAG procedure or immediate post procedural CT was recorded. Lymphatic embolisation was performed with a combination of direct puncture or transvenous cannulation with glue and or coil embolisation of the thoracic duct or leak point and in cases with refractory leak. Clinical success was defined as reduction in drain output to less than 20 mL per 24 h, or no further insensible lymph leak. Time to clinical success after ILAG and adjunctive embolisation was recorded.

Results
ILAG alone lead to clinical success in 14 of 32 (44%) patients after a median of 14 days. Subsequent embolisation was performed in 12 refractory cases; this was successful in 8 (67%) at median of 8 days. Overall clinical success of all lymphatic interventions was 69% (22 of 32 patients) at a median of 11 days (IQR 5–34). No statistically significant correlation between the site of leakage, aetiology or embolisation technique correlated with clinical success. Decision to proceed to repeat ILAG or an adjunct procedure was made on a clinical basis, following multidisciplinary discussion.

Conclusions
ILAG can be employed a first line interventional therapeutic technique to treat clinically significant lymphatic leaks that are refractory to conservative and medical management. Adjunctive procedures, including embolisation, can be considered as part of clinical decision making after a period of 1–2 weeks’ watchful waiting in continuingly refractory cases.