bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
At any Level of Adiposity, Relatively Elevated Leptin Concentrations Are Associated With Decreased Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Chiriacò Martina , Nesti Lorenzo , Flyvbjerg Allan , Golay Alain , Nazare Julie-Anne , Anderwald Christian-Heinz , Mitrakou Asimina , Bizzotto Roberto , Mari Andrea , Natali Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
The impact of obesity on glucose homeostasis has high interindividual variability, which may be partially explained by different adipokine concentrations. Leptin regulates energy balance and metabolism, and although its plasma levels are proportional to fat mass, they vary significantly across individuals with the same level of adiposity.

Objective
We tested whether glucose homeostasis differs in subjects with similar degrees of adiposity but different leptin levels.

Methods
We analyzed 1290 healthy adults from the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease study cohort (30-60 years; male/female, 577/713; body mass index [BMI], 25 ± 3 kg/m2) characterized for body composition and metabolic variables with a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, β-cell function, and lipidomics.

Results
Individuals were divided into relatively high and low leptin (RHL and RLL) if they were above or below the sex-specific leptin-fat mass (%) regression. Despite similar glucose tolerance, RHL showed markedly higher fasting and oral glucose tolerance test insulin concentration (+30% and +29%, respectively; P &lt; .0001) and secretion (+17% and +11%, respectively; P &lt; .0001). Regardless of BMI, RHL individuals had lower whole-body (−17-23%, P &lt; .0001) and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity (−24%, P &lt; .0001) compared with RLL. Notably, lean RHL individuals showed similar insulin sensitivity and β-cell function to RLL individuals with overweight/obesity.

Conclusion
Subjects with leptin levels that are inappropriately elevated for their fat mass show whole-body/adipose tissue insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, regardless of BMI.
Asymmetric Adrenals: Sexual Dimorphism of Adrenal Tumors
Authors: Bechmann Nicole , Moskopp Mats Leif , Constantinescu Georgiana , Stell Anthony , Ernst Angela , Berthold Frank , Westermann Frank , Jiang Jingjing , Lui Longfei , Nowak Elisabeth , Zopp Stephanie , Pacak Karel , Peitzsch Mirko , Schedl Andreas , Reincke Martin , Beuschlein Felix , Bornstein Stefan R , Fassnacht Martin , Eisenhofer Graeme 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
Sexual dimorphism has direct consequences on the incidence and survival of cancer. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to improve prognosis.

Objective
This work aimed to characterized the influence of sex and adrenal asymmetry on the emergence of adrenal tumors.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter, observational study involving 8037 patients with adrenal tumors, including adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), cortisol-secreting adrenocortical adenomas (CSAs), non-aldosterone-producing adrenal cortical adenoma (NAPACA), pheochromocytoma (PCC), and neuroblastoma (NB), and investigated tumor lateralization according to sex. Human adrenal tissues (n = 20) were analyzed with a multiomics approach that allows determination of gene expression, catecholamine, and steroid contents in a single sample. In addition, we performed a literature review of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging–based studies examining adrenal gland size.

Results
ACC (n = 1858); CSA (n = 68), NAPACA (n = 2174), and PCC (n = 1824) were more common in females than in males (female-to-male ratio: 1.1:1-3.8:1), whereas NBs (n = 2320) and APAs (n = 228) were less prevalent in females (0.8:1). ACC, APA, CSA, NAPACA, and NB occurred more frequently in the left than in the right adrenal (left-to-right ratio: 1.1:1-1.8:1), whereas PCC arose more often in the right than in the left adrenal (0.8:1). In both sexes, the left adrenal was larger than the right adrenal; females have smaller adrenals than males.

Conclusion
Adrenal asymmetry in both sexes may be related to the pathogenesis of adrenal tumors and should be considered during the diagnosis of these tumors.
“If It No Go So, It Go Near So”: Marlon James and Collective Memory
Authors: Kortenaar Neil Ten 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Marlon James's A Brief History of Seven Killings fictionalizes a historical incident, the shooting of Bob Marley in Kingston in 1976, and the larger political, economic, and cultural forces that led to it and emerged from it. Real people can enter fiction and retain their names if they have already entered history or journalism—if, in other words, they are already part of a shared imagination. But there is a difference between the local Jamaican and global collective memories, a difference that determines which people keep their names and how people are remembered. People seek to enter the imagination of others, but to do so is also to risk being hollowed out and rendered imaginable, becoming a fictional character and less than a full person. But if there is only fiction, fiction also contributes to the collective memory. An awareness of the performative nature of identity and action is precisely how one can control how one is remembered and, just as important, how one eludes the imagination of others. A Brief History adds to the collective memory of readers everywhere but recognizes that Jamaicans already have their own collective memory, that they are self-conscious about what it means to come to the attention of others, and that they have always contributed to shaping the larger collective memory, including when they do not appear in it.
Long-Term Outcomes of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex-Associated Non-functional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Should We Be More Conservative?
Authors: Arya Shahrzad , Ventin Marco , Nebbia Martina , Fernandez-del Castillo Carlos , Lionetto Gabriella , Qadan Motaz , Lillemoe Keith D. , Deshpande Vikram , Catalano Onofrio A. , Thiele Elizabeth A. , Ferrone Cristina R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Hereditary syndromes such as tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) account for 10% of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Surgical intervention is the current standard of care for sporadic PNETs (spPNETs) that are >2 cm in size. We compared the long-term outcomes of resected TSC-PNETs with patients with spPNETs.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of perioperative data and outcomes of TSC-PNETs compared with spPNETs. Inclusion criteria involved selecting patients whose tumors were no larger than 5.1 cm, the maximum size observed in the TSC-PNET group.

Results
Of the 347 patients resected for PNETs, 14 were TSC-PNETs and 241 were non-functional spPNETs. The median age for the whole cohort was 56 years (interquartile range [IQR] 21.0) and 47% were female. The median follow-up was 103.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 89.2–118.6). Specifically, 14 patients with TSC-PNETs and 194 patients with spPNETs were included. Compared with spPNETs, patients with TSC-PNETs were operated on at a younger age (24.0 vs. 57.5 years; p < 0.001), were more frequently multifocal (28.5% vs. 0.0%; p < 0.001), were more likely to undergo minimally invasive operations (78.6% vs. 24.3%; p < 0.001), and had more R1 resections (28.6% vs. 5.7%; p = 0.006). Local and distant tumor recurrence was only observed in the spPNET group. The 5-year mortality rates for the spPNET and TSC-PNET groups were 6.2% and 0.0%, respectively. No PNET-related deaths were observed among TSC-PNETs.

Conclusion
None of the TSC-PNET patients recurred after a median follow-up of 78.0 months. The risk-benefit of aggressive pancreatic operations in TSC-PNET patients is still unclear and our findings suggest a conservative approach should be considered.
The impact of using a protective mask on the occurrence of maskne (mask acne) during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Jakubowska Eliza , Nowak Tomasz , Łazicka Patrycja , Jasińska Joanna , Miziniak Marta , Karolak Aleksandra 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a increase in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The term "maskne" was coined to describe acne caused by long-term wearing of a mask. It is a type of mechanical acne caused by the pressure and friction of the mask material against the skin. Although it’s prevalance is not well known, the maskne problem is becoming more and more significant.
Aim of study
The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence and factors affecting the occurrence of mask acne.
Materials and methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic among 148 residents of Poland. The results were obtained thanks to a self-conducted questionnaire distributed in both electronic and traditional form.
Results
In total, 148 participants took part in the study. 106 (71.6%) were women and 42 (28.4%) were men, with the dominant age group being 26-40, 70 (47.3%). Most participants wore a mask seven days a week, 62 (41.9%), four to eight hours a day, 70 (47.3%). Surgical masks were the most frequently used masks – 60 (40.5%). Ninety (60.8%) participants had no prior facial skin disease. Only 58 (39.2%) of participants had prior facial skin lesions. Of these, acne vulgaris was the most common, 48 (82.8%), followed by rosacea, 6 (10.4%), and psoriasis, 4 (6.8%). Fifty-three people (35.8%) who had facial acne before the pandemic said their acne got worse.
Conclusions
This study showed a significant association between the worsening of existing acne and frequent and long-term use of face masks. Therefore, certain measures should be taken to prevent the formation of new acne or the aggravation of existing acne while maintaining protection with face masks, especially for those working in the healthcare sector.
Evaluating the current practice of therapeutic positioning in neurological rehabilitation: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Gooch Helen J , Jones Stephanie P , Stockley Rachel C 
Published: August 2023

Background/Aims Therapeutic positioning is believed to enable the achievement of a good postural alignment, optimise rehabilitation and prevent the complications of immobility. It is considered important in the management of people with physical neurological impairments, but achieving a favourable position in a bed can be challenging. There is little evidence to inform present practice. Therefore, this study explored staff views and experiences of bed positioning practice on a regional neurological rehabilitation unit. Methods Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were completed with a purposive sample of nurses, physiotherapists and occupational therapists working on a neurological rehabilitation unit. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results A total of 12 participants completed an interview and six themes were identified relating to positioning practice. An interaction of four of these themes (patient needs, staff role, communication and knowledge) influenced a fifth theme of staff experiences. The sixth theme of practical positioning resources identified a pattern of resource use within current practice. Conclusions Positioning was recognised as integral to rehabilitation, and staff experiences were influenced by the interaction of a range of factors. The participants’ views and experiences around practical positioning resources provide a valuable new insight into positioning practice. Further research is needed to evaluate these resources.
Accreditor and employer experiences of emergency care CPD provision
Authors: Sookram Bradley Paul , Botha Rene , Naidoo Navindra 
Published: August 2023

Background Continuous professional development (CPD) accreditors and emergency care (EC) employers are indispensable in designing learning opportunities. However, there is a paucity of research about how they can contribute to and enhance CPD. This study explored accreditors and employers’ experiences of CPD provision and how it could be improved. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with accreditor and employer stakeholders. Data were subject to thematic analysis. Results Employers wanted to be more engaged in CPD decision-making and collaborate with the regulator. CPD lacked quality control mechanisms, accountability and responsibility. CPD formats, topics and types should be relevant and link theory to practice. Accreditors indicated that CPD guidelines should be revised and be specific to the Professional Board of Emergency Care, and the regulator should provide online CPD activities. Discussion CPD requires a multi-layered, multi-modal approach. To be effective and relevant, CPD requires collaboration between EC stakeholders, including accreditors, the employers, the regulator and practitioners over its the format and content.
Pandemia e política de formação docente: estudo de caso sobre a capacitação e contingenciamento
Authors: Moraes Dirce Aparecida Foletto de , Torres Ana Cristina Paes Leme Giffoni Cilião 
Published: August 2023

Visando pensar as políticas de formação de professores, este estudo busca analisar as percepções de um grupo de docentes de uma universidade pública durante a pandemia de Covid-19 a respeito das contribuições de uma formação continuada como proposta de capacitação e de contingenciamento sobre o tema avaliação da aprendizagem. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso qualitativo. A Teoria da Cognição Distribuída foi selecionada como referencial epistemológico e como unidade de análise. A coleta de dados deu-se a partir da análise documental do desenho didático da formação, da observação e de dois questionários respondidos pelos docentes participantes. Os resultados indicam que a natureza da formação trouxe várias contribuições positivas para se pensar as políticas de formação necessárias às universidades, ao possibilitar que os professores construíssem novos conhecimentos sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem e vivenciassem diferentes experiências e novas alternativas didáticas para avaliar. Os dados ainda revelam que, após um ano da formação, os professores ainda percebem a avaliação como componente a serviço da aprendizagem e que não estão alheios ou indiferentes a uma prática avaliativa mais democrática, humanizada e pedagógica, mas que nem todos conseguem colocar isso em prática. Para tanto, se faz necessário pensar em políticas de formação mais amplas e contínuas, que oportunizem ao docente a construção de um conhecimento coletivo e o entendimento do seu papel como um sujeito autor de sua prática, alguém que tem muito a contribuir e que está em constante formação.
A Rare Complication of Diaphragm Plication: Acute Liver Injury From Hepatic Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Chang Michael , Menegas Samantha , Lee David Uihwan , Hammami Muhammad Baraa , Sakiani Sasan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Diaphragm plication is a surgical treatment of unilateral diaphragm paralysis, in which the affected diaphragm is sutured in place. Because the right diaphragm sits on top of the liver, right-sided diaphragm plication can injure the liver and lead to hepatic compartment syndrome resulting in acute liver injury. We report a case of a 59-year-old woman with a history of multilevel disk degeneration and alcohol use disorder who underwent right-sided diaphragm plication. After surgery, she complained of abdominal pain and was found to have severely elevated liver-associated enzymes and evidence of acute liver injury, which resolved with supportive care.
Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Disclosed From Constipation Workup
Authors: Lin Zilan X. , Weiss Aaron , Lee Kyu-In , Heering Gabriel , Chang Lillian , Pais Shireen 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
A palpable rectal mass associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms immediately raises concern for colorectal cancer, but rarely can represent distant metastatic disease. The incidence of symptomatic colorectal metastasis from a primary lung cancer without any pulmonary symptom is extremely rare. We report a rare case of constipation as the presenting symptom in a patient ultimately found to have metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. A rectal mass was readily palpable on examination, illustrating the importance of digital rectal examination. In addition, GI clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion when evaluating patients at risk of non-GI malignancies.
Solid waste management by RDF production from landfilled waste to renewable fuel of Nonthaburi
Authors: Rahotharn Udorn , Khemkhao Maneerat , Kaewpengkrow Prangtip Rittichote 
Published: August 2023

A worldwide increase in waste production and energy demand as the world's population grows and consumes more resources: therefore, sustainable waste management strategies are important. The goal of this work is to research the guidelines for the appropriate RDF production and landfill waste management of the Nonthaburi province, Thailand. Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) produced from landfilled Waste (LW) in Nonthaburi was investigated the physicochemical. The following procedure has implemented for the production of LW to RDF of 25 tons/hr of LW; (i) the LW was placed in a pre-shredder, which was followed by a primary crusher; (ii) metals were removed from the waste stream using a magnetic separator; (iii) the LW was transferred using a conveyor belt to a dynamic disc screen, where recyclable waste was separated into smaller sizes less than 80 mm.; (iv) the waste passed through an air separator to reject high-density materials (soil and glass); (v) the undesired material were separated manually, and (vi) the desired material were baled. RDF composition consisted of 78.16-67.93% plastics, 2.29 -4.34% rubber, 1.27% wood, 1.53-2.19 % textile, and other (soil-like material) 12.19-26.72%. The proximate and elemental analysis of RDF was determined according to the ASTM method. The moisture content was reduced, and the heating value increased to 18.08-29.41 MJ/kg. The results suggested high carbon and low nitrogen content suitable for energy conversion. The separation can effectively convert LW to RDF, which can be applied as an alternative fuel. Therefore, RDF can contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy.
Study of the Effect of Nanosecond Laser Texturing on the Corrosion Behavior of Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V Parts Produced by Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Martins Queiroz Fernanda , Ribeiro Gleicy de Lima Xavier , de Castro Renato Spacini , dos Santos Rogério Góes , Vieira Alexandre , Terada Maysa , Bugarin Aline de Fátima Santos , de Rossi Wagner , Costa Isolda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Combining metallic additive manufacturing with laser texturing could be an alternative in obtaining parts with functional hydrophilic surfaces, which improves osteointegration. Careful study of the corrosion behavior of the surfaces obtained is necessary, because the evolution of this phenomenon can influence the osteointegration of the implant, causing the release of metal ions in the body and even the rejection of the component. This study compared the corrosion behavior of laser texturing Ti6Al4V components with components manufactured using laser power bed fusion of the same alloy followed by laser texturing. Their microstructure, roughness, wettability, and electrochemical behavior were analyzed, and different morphologies and microtopographies were observed comparing both samples. The electrochemical tests obtained indicate that Ti6Al4V showed higher corrosion resistance than L-PBF Ti6Al4V after laser texturing. The results suggest that laser texturing can encourage cell proliferation and osseointegration on the surface of Ti6Al4V biomedical implants.
Monitoring the Process and Characterizing Symptoms of Suckling Mouse Inoculation Promote Isolating Viruses from Ticks
Authors: Tang Shuang , Hu Sijing , Xiao Jian , Zhang Yanfang , Su Zhengyuan , Wu Qiaoli , Yang Juan , Liu Xijia , Zhang Zhong , Zhu Qiong , Shi Junming , Moming Abilimiti , Deng Yali , Fan Zhaojun , Guo Rong , Sun Surong , Zhang Yujiang , Shen Shu , Deng Fei 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Suckling mouse inoculation is an important method that has been used for years to isolate viruses from ticks; however, this method has usually been briefly described in the literature on a case-by-case basis upon successful isolation rather than providing extensive details.

Methods:
This study describes the procedure from preparation of tick homogenates to identification of virus isolation using the suckling mouse inoculation method. The transient and persistent features were characterized and the incidence of manifestations that developed in the suckling mice, especially in mice from which viruses were isolated, is reported.

Results:
We identified 22 symptoms that developed in mice, including 13 transient symptoms that recovered by the end of the observation period and 7 persistent symptoms that the mice suffered from throughout the observation period. Persistent symptoms (lateral positioning and dead) and transient symptoms (malaise, emaciation, and difficulty turning over) were the main symptoms based on the high overall incidence. Moreover, we showed that mice from which viruses were isolated had a concentrated period and advanced days of disease onset.

Conclusion:
This study provides detailed information necessary for better use of suckling mouse inoculation to isolate viruses from ticks, which may benefit optimization of this method to identify, discover, and acquire tick-borne viruses.
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEAS) Is an Endogenous Kv7 Channel Modulator That Reduces Kv7/M-Current Suppression and Inflammatory Pain
Authors: Alhassen Lamees , Alhassen Wedad , Wong Cindy , Sun Yuxuan , Xia Zelin , Civelli Olivier , Hoshi Naoto 
Published: August 2023

Neuronal Kv7 voltage-gated potassium channels generate the M-current and regulate neuronal excitability. Here, we report that dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is an endogenous Kv7 channel modulator that attenuates Gq-coupled receptor-induced M-current suppression. DHEAS reduced muscarinic agonist-induced Kv7-current suppression of Kv7.1, Kv7.2, Kv7.4, or Kv7.5 homomeric currents and endogenous M-currents in rat sympathetic ganglion neurons. However, DHEAS per se did not alter the voltage dependence of these Kv7 homomeric channels or the m1 receptor-induced activation of phospholipase C or protein kinase C. DHEAS-treated Kv7.2 homomeric currents became resistant to depletion of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) induced by voltage-activated phosphatase, Ci-VSP or eVSP. Our computational models predicted a novel binding site for DHEAS in the cytoplasmic domain of Kv7 subunits. A single-point mutation of the predicted key histidine into cysteine in the rat Kv7.2 subunit, rKv7.2(H558C), resulted in a loss of effects of DHEAS on muscarinic Kv7 current suppression. Furthermore,in vivoadministration of DHEAS in mice of both sexes reduced late phase pain responses in the formalin paw test. However, it did not have effects on early phase responses in the formalin paw test or responses in the hot plate test. Coadministration of a selective Kv7 inhibitor, XE991, and DHEAS eliminated analgesic effects of DHEAS in late phase responses in the formalin paw test. Collectively, these results suggest that DHEAS attenuates M-current suppression by stabilizing PIP2–Kv7 subunit interaction and can mitigate inflammatory pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTM-current suppression induced by stimulation of Gq-coupled receptors is a form of Kv7 current modulation that can reversibly increase neuronal excitability. This study demonstrates that DHEAS, an endogenous steroid hormone, is a novel Kv7 channel modulator that can attenuate M-current suppression without affecting basal Kv7 channel kinetics. Administration of DHEASin vivoalleviated inflammatory pain in rodents. These results suggest that the degree of M-current suppression can be dynamically regulated by small molecules. Therefore, this novel form of Kv7 channel regulation holds promising potential as a therapeutic target for sensitized nervous activities, such as inflammatory pain.