bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of bone alignment and fiducial marker alignment for online cone-beam computed tomography-guided radiation therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Metwally Hussein M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the coverage of the prostate when prostatic implanted fiducial markers are used to verify setup of the patients in comparison to the pelvic bones while using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods
Seventeen patients with prostate cancer were included. For each patient, daily online CBCT was done. CT planning was matched with CBCT with the help of fiducial markers (3-5 markers) and another matching with done the help of pelvic bony landmarks. Registration of clinical target volume (CTV) 1 including prostate plus seminal vesicles and CTV2 including prostate only was done and were used to confirm the target volume during the process of matching. Delineation of the rectum on every CBCT was done. Two automatic margin representing planning target volume (PTV) were created. PTV1 was generated by adding 1 cm in all directions (PTV1a) and 0.7 cm in the posterior direction (PTV1b). PTV2 was generated by adding 0.5 cm in all directions (PTV2a) and 0.3 cm in the posterior direction (PTV2b). PTV1a was prescribed to receive 46 Gy in conventional fractionation with a boost dose of 30 Gy to PTV1b. The same dose was prescribed to PTV2a and PTV2b. Calculation of the percentage of intersection between CTV1 and CTV2 created on CBCT with the original CTV scan was done. A comparison between the two CTVs (CTV1 and CTV2) mean dose and the original delineated CTV was done. Then a comparison to the mean dose of the original CTV of PTV1a, PTV2a (CTV1a and CTV2a), and for PTV1b and PTV2b (CTV1b and CTV2b). Calculation of the mean rectal dose and also V60, V70 and V74 was done on the delineated rectum on every CBCT, and then a comparison to the planned original rectal dose.

Results
The created CTV1 and CTV2 intersection percentage with the original CTV1 and CTV2 significantly increased by 85% (range, 65%-95%, P < 0.05), when fiducial markers were used. The main difference of the received mean dose was significantly less in comparison to pelvic bone alignment (0.03% to 2% vs 0.03% to 11.6% for PTV1a, P < 0.006; 0.01% to 1.8% vs 0.03% to 10.2% for PTV2a, P < 0.014; 0.08 to 2.11 vs 0.04 to 11.29 for PTV1b, P < 0.015 and 0.01 to 1.79 vs 0.01 to 9.69 for PTV2b, P < 0.004). With the use of less PTV margins, significant decrease of the rectal mean dose, V60, V70 and V74 by P < 0.004, P < 0.004, P < 0.0005 and P < 0.009, respectively. Reduction of the CTV1a and CTV1b mean dose by 1.13% and 0.28% in comparison to the initial CTV1a and CTV2a.

Conclusion
A significant improvement of prostatic cancer patients alignment when fiducial markers are used, with more homogenous dose distribution, and with significant decrease in PTV margins. The delivered rectal dose is significantly less allowing prostate dose escalation.
Treatment of aggressive pancreatic solid pseudo-papillary neoplasms with apatinib plus S-1 chemotherapy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tang Yang , Yang Li , Yuan Xianglin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a rare indolent pancreatic neoplasm that occurs mostly in females. Although the malignancy potential is quite limited for SPN, these tumors can sometimes be aggressive and lead to inferior prognosis for male patients. In this case report, we present a special case of a male patient with SPN who experienced an aggressive tumor expansion after two surgical resections. For further treatment, we decided to administer chemotherapy with apatinib and S-1, and subsequent CT/MRI tumor monitoring indicated satisfactory control of tumor expansion. The effectiveness of apatinib plus the S-1 regimen should be tested for more patients with SPN in the future.
Clinical study of IL-18 and NANOG gene polymorphisms in prostate cancer patients*
Authors: Nong Shaojun , Guan Yangbo , Wang Zhiwei , Wei Zhongqing , Zhang Yueping , Ni Jian , He Chongsheng , Ma Limin , Zhou Shujun , Li Wenguang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Recent studies have shown abnormal expression of NANOG and IL-18 to be related to cancer. However, the molecular mechanism by which IL-18 and NANOG gene polymorphisms are associated with prostate cancer is unclear. In this study, we examined whether IL-18 and NANOG gene polymorphisms and their interaction with prostate cancer-related risk factor are associated with the susceptibility to and clinicopathological development of prostate cancer among Chinese men.

Methods
Polymorphisms in the NANOG and IL-18 genes were evaluated for susceptibility in 120 patients with prostate cancer. The control group consisted of 125 samples from Chinese men. Genotyping was conducted using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results
No association of NANOG and IL-18 gene polymorphisms and overall prostate cancer susceptibility was detected. The IL-18-607 CC genotype was significantly associated with a higher tumor grade (P = 0.025) and stage (P =0.001). The IL-18-137 GG genotype correlated with a higher tumor grade (P = 0.028) and stage (P = 0.008). The IL-18-137G allele was significantly more frequent in patients with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.035). The IL-18-607 CC genotype was associated with distant metastasis (P = 0.025). However, no significant association was observed between NANOG polymorphisms and any clinicopathological feature. The Cox proportional hazard model showed that tumor grade and stage grouping were independent prognostic factors in IL-18, while IL-18 polymorphism was not. Polymorphism variants in the IL-18 (IL-18-607 and IL-18-137) and NANOG (genotypes AC) genes might be associated with a worse prognosis of patients with prostate cancer.

Conclusion

NANOG may be associated with the early stages of prostate cancer carcinogenesis. IL-18 and NANOG gene polymorphisms may play a major role in the growth, invasion, and metastasis of prostate cancer.
Clinical significance of BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutation in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma*
Authors: Xue Jincai , Liu Qinjiang , Tian Youxin , Hou Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to analyze the correlation betweenBRAFV600EandTERTpromoter mutations and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) risk factors, and their importance in the risk assessment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 107 cases of PTMC, which were diagnosed after the surgery in the department of head and neck surgery in Gansu Province Tumor Hospital from October 2014 to June 2016. The mutations ofBRAFV600EandTERTpromoter were detected by PCR direct sequencing. We analyzed the data using χ2test and binary Logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong 107 patients with PTMC, theBRAFV600EandTERTpromoter mutation rates were 68.2% and 11.2%, respectively. Single factor analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the presence of membrane invasion, lymph node metastasis, andBRAFV600Emutations (P< 0.01). The age, gender, thyroid capsular invasion, poor pathologic subtype, and lymph node metastasis of patients, was significantly associated with theTERTpromoter mutation (P< 0.05) and the coexistence of theBRAFV600EandTERTpromotor mutations; although, there was a difference between the association of these factors with theTERTpromoter mutation and the association of these factors with the coexistence of theBRAFV600EandTERTpromotor mutations. The multifactorial analysis showed that the factors closely related to theBRAFV600Emutation included capsular invasion (P= 0.012) and lymph node metastasis (P= 0.000). The following factors were closely associated with theTERTpromoter mutant: male (P= 0.004), aged < 45 years (P= 0.026), capsular invasion (P= 0.004), pathological subtype (P= 0.030), and lymph node metastasis (P= 0.043). The following factors were closely related to the simultaneous mutation ofBRAFV600EandTERT: male (P= 0.022), capsular invasion (P= 0.023), poor pathological subtype (P= 0.041), and lymph node metastasis (P= 0.030).ConclusionThe risk of recurrence increases significantly when mutations inBRAFV600EandTERTpromoters occur simultaneously in PTMC and may have adverse outcomes. Combined detection ofBRAFV600EandTERTpromoter mutations is of great value in risk assessment of PTMC.
Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jiang Kan , Wu Xiaoyu , Liu Baiying , Li Wenbin , Zhang Taotao , Zhang Xiangwen , Ren Changle , Zu Guo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma (GASC) is exceedingly rare. It accounts for less than 1% of all gastric cancers. In this report, we describe our pathological findings along with a review of the literature to improve our understanding of the disease and reduce misdiagnosis, as well as to provide evidence for its treatment and prognosis. A 49-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China) with a complaint of epigastric pain that had persisted for half a month. Physical examination, regular laboratory blood tests, and computed tomography revealed no obvious abnormalities. Gastroscopy revealed ulcers in the lower part of the stomach, and pathological assessment revealed adenocarcinoma. Radical gastrectomy was performed, and the folinic acid, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy regimen was administered postoperatively. Pathological assessment of the mass revealed a protruding tumor measuring 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.7 cm in the lower part of the stomach. The tumor infiltrated through the full wall of the stomach. This was confirmed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for cytokeratin (CK) (+), villin (-), p63 (++), and high-molecular-weight CK (+++). The patient remains alive with no recurrence more than seven years after surgery. Primary GASC is a rare malignant neoplasm. The diagnostic criteria for GASC mainly depend on the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological findings. Pathological assessment and IHC staining can be utilized to confirm the diagnosis. Radical gastrectomy plus postoperative chemotherapy containing the FOLFOX regimen is effective for treating GASC and might contribute to long-term survival.
The efficacy and safety of thalidomide for treating metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Wang Xin , Xie Yingying , Jing Guanjun , Yu Fang , Ren Yinghong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of thalidomide in metastatic breast cancer (MBC).MethodsBased on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were independently collected from different databases by three investigators. Overall, three studies were included.ResultsThe included studies indicated that no patient achieved a partial or complete response from different thalidomide dose levels. Thalidomide was well-tolerated at doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg. In all three studies, common side effects included constipation, somnolence, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, and dry mouth. Circulating angiogenic factors were not significantly correlated with disease progression.ConclusionThe available evidence indicates that single-agent thalidomide has little or no activity in patients with MBC.
Comparison of intra-pleural injection efficacy between Endostar and Bevacizumab combined with pemetrexed/cisplatin for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-/anaplastic lymphoma kinase-lung adenocarcinoma*
Authors: Cheng Yi , Huang Nan , Qin Kai , Zhao Jing , Xiong Huihua , Yu Shiying , Huang Tingting , Guo Qiuyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To compare intra-pleural injection efficacy and safety between Endostar and bevacizumab combined with pemetrexed/cisplatin for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods
Sixty-four pCVatients with EGFR-/ALK- lung adenocarcinoma with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) were admitted to the authors' hospital between January 2016 and June 2017. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Endostar combined with pemetrexed/cisplatin (Endostar group); and bevacizumab plus pemetrexed/cisplatin (Bevacizumab group). They underwent thoracic puncture and catheterization, and MPE was drained as much as possible. Both groups were treated with pemetrexed 500 mg/m2, intravenous drip (d1), cisplatin 37.5 mg/m2 per time, intra-pleural injection (d1, d3). Patients in the Endostar group were treated with Endostar 30 mg per time, intra-pleural injection (d1, 3), and patients in the Bevacizumab group were treated with bevacizumab 5 mg/kg per time, intra-pleural injection (d1). Only one cycle of treatment was applied. MPE was extracted before treatment and on day 7 after treatment. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined using ELISA. Efficacy and side effects were evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0 criteria.

Results
The objective response rates in the Endostar and Bevacizumab groups were 50.0% and 56.3%, respectively; there was no statistical difference between the groups (P > 0.05). After one cycle of treatment, the mean VEGF levels in MPE in both groups decreased significantly, and there was no significant difference in the degree of decline between the two groups (P > 0.05). In both groups, pre-treatment VEGF levels for patients achieving complete response were significantly higher than those for patients achieving stable disease + progressive disease (P < 0.05). No specific side effects were recorded.

Conclusion
Endostar and Bevacizumab demonstrated similar efficacy in controlling MPE in patients with EGFR-/ALK- lung adenocarcinoma through an anti-angiogenesis pathway, with tolerable side effects. The levels of VEGF in MPE could predict the efficacy of intra-pleural injection of anti-angiogenesis drugs.
Expression and clinical significance of CD90 and CD177 tumor stem cell markers in cervical cancer
Authors: Zhang Qing , Guo Juan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the expression and clinical significance of CD90 and CD177 in cervical cancer.

Methods
Cases of cervical cancer (n = 102), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN, n = 52), and benign uterine disease (n = 50) were selected. The positive rates of CD90 and CD177 in the cervical tissues were detected, and the significance of CD90 and CD177 expression was analyzed.

Results
The positive rate of CD90 in normal cervical tissue, CIN, and cervical cancer was 3.7%, 36.5%, and 79.4% respectively. The respective positive rates of CD177 were 1.8%, 32.7%, and 74.5%. The positive rates of CD90 and CD177 in cervical cancer tissues were the highest, followed by CIN tissues (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, and tumor diameter were independent risk factors affecting the expression of CD90 and CD177 (each P < 0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between CD90 and CD177 expression (r = 0.679, P = 0.003). The overall survival rate of 102 patients with cervical cancer was 64.7%. There were 33 deaths in the CD90 positive group and 3 in the negative group. The overall survival rates were 59.3% and 85.7% in the CD90 and negative group, respectively. There were 33 deaths in the CD177 positive group and 3 in the negative group. The overall survival rates were 56.6% and 88.5%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion
The expression of CD90 and CD177 has some adverse effects on the clinicopathological parameters of cervical cancer. The positive expression of CD90 and CD177 is a risk factor for poor prognosis.
Determining the efficacy of vitamin B12 mixed oral liquid in the treatment of radiation-induced esophagitis*
Authors: Tian Yindi , Guo Ya , Ke Yue , Guo Yuyan , Yang Pengtao , Ma Hongbing , Wang Baofeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin B12 mixed oral liquid in the treatment of radiation-induced esophagitis in patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsSeventy-five patients with esophageal cancer who met the enrollment criteria were randomly divided into the vitamin B12 mixed oral liquid group (39 patients in the study group) and the gentamicin mixed oral liquid group (36 patients in the control group). The effects of the two treatment methods on esophagitis grading, pain degree, body weight loss, and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score in patients with radiation esophagitis were observed.ResultsIn the control group, grade 1 radiation esophagitis accounted for 27.8% of the total patients, grade 2 accounted for 41.7%, and grades 3 and 4 accounted for 30.6%. In the vitamin B12 treatment group, grade 1 radiation esophagitis accounted for 66.7% of the total patients, grade 2 accounted for 25.6%, and grades 3 and 4 accounted for 7.7%; there was a significant difference between the vitamin B12 treatment group and control group (P< 0.01). Similarly, pain caused by radiation esophagitis was significantly improved in the vitamin B12 group compared with the control group (P< 0.05). After treatment, the average weight loss of the control group was (2.18 ± 0.36) kg, while that of the vitamin B12 treatment group was (0.90 ± 0.43) kg (P< 0.05). The KPS scores of the vitamin B12 group were higher than those of the control group, which were 86.2 ± 1.2 and 85.6 ± 1.5, respectively, but there was no statistical difference (P> 0.05).ConclusionVitamin B12 mixed oral liquid can effectively reduce the severity of radiation esophagitis, relieve pain, improve patients' quality of life, and increase treatment compliance.
Stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a Meta-analysis of 1371 cases in China
Authors: Xu Hanyou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to clarify the outcomes of stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of local residual and (or) local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to promote scientific clinical treatment and research on it in China and other countries by creating a large data resource.

Methods
This Meta-analysis conducted a literature search using the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database for all clinical research articles on stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of local residual and(or) local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Data on patient cohort numbers and other research factors were recorded for every relevant clinical research article. Calculated and analyzed these fact sheets to pave the way for the objective of this project.

Results
A total of 40 clinical research articles including 1,371 patients in China from 1998 to 2012 were identified. The average cohort size was 34 patients (range 9-98 patients). The average total radiation dose range was 16-33.6 Gy. The average study or treatment duration was 3.51 years. The calculated average follow-up time was 31.59 months.

Conclusion
The study provided the largest resource for further research and Meta-analyses to determine the clinical pathway of stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of local residual and (or) local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The results indicated that variability in the total radiation dose, treatment or research time, and follow-up duration may have contributed to the complications and side effects of stereotactic radiotherapy for local residual and (or) local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. The calculated average total radiation dose, follow-up time, and treatment and research durations may be referenced for future treatment and research. This study also proposed worldwide cooperation for the meta-analysis of research articles on stereotactic radiotherapy for treating local residual and (or) local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Analysis of the relationship between deep venous catheter-related infection and post-operative complications in patients receiving minimally invasive esophagectomy
Authors: Huang Xin , Xu Xin , Sun Zhanfa , Chen Jing , Fang Hong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate catheter-related infection rate (CRIR) for patients receiving minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), to identify the optimal catheterization approach and relationship between CRIR and post-operative complications.

Methods
In total, 168 patients with esophageal carcinoma and undergoing MIE combined with pre-operative deep venous catheterization (DVC) were analyzed in our institution (Qingdao Municipal Hospital, China), from 2014 to 2018. After completing DVC, catheter-tips together with intraductal venous blood samples were sent to the microbiology lab for bacterial strain culture. CRIR was statistically evaluated for the following clinical variables: gender, age, smoking status, drinking status, past history, tumor location, histologic grade, pathological T, N, and M category, anastomotic location, anastomotic leakage, anastomotic stricture, chylothorax, pneumonia, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury, reflux esophagitis, catheterization site, and catheter-locking days.

Results
Among the 144 patients recruited in our study, 105 catheters were inserted into the jugular vein and 39 catheters into the subclavian vein. The median age of these patients was 63 years (range: 42-79 years), and the median catheter-locking period was seven days (range: 4-21 days). Four catheters were identified with three types of strain colonizations, including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Blastomyces albicans. Statistical data showed that patients diagnosed with catheter-related infection were likely to incur anastomotic leakage (66.67%, P < 0.001) and pneumonia (27.27%, P < 0.001); features such as tumors located in the upper esophagus (13.6%, P = 0.003), and over seven catheter-locking days (10.00%, P < 0.001) were attributed to a high CRIR.

Conclusion
Although both jugular and subclavian veins can be catheterized for patients with MIE, DVC is associated with more than seven catheter-locking days and upper esophagectomy, due to high CRIR. Furthermore, catheter-related infection is related to anastomotic leakage and pneumonia.
Proton pump inhibitors and stomach neoplasm
Authors: Guo Jinkun , Zhou Zhongyin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and gastric tumors and determine the reasons behind these connections. We reviewed studies on PPIs and stomach tumors. We explored the relationship between PPIs and different types of gastric neoplasms according to the classification of gastric neoplasms. Long-term use of PPIs is associated with stomach infection, high gastrin levels, and rebound acid hypersecretion, which are directly or indirectly related to the development of gastric neoplasms. PPIs can increase the risk of gastric fundal polyps. Further evidence is needed to prove that it can increase the risk of gastric cancer.