bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring a Minimal Self‐Replicate DNA Circuit for Highly Efficient Intracellular Imaging of microRNA
Authors: Wei Jie , Yu Mengdi , Tan Kaiyue , Shang Jinhua , He Shizhen , Xie Chenxia , Liu Xiaoqing , Wang Fuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTrace analyte detection in complex intracellular environment requires the development of simple yet robust self‐sufficient molecular circuits with high signal‐gain and anti‐interference features. Herein, a minimal non‐enzymatic self‐replicate DNA circuitry (SDC) system is proposed with high‐signal‐gain for highly efficient biosensing in living cells. It is facilely engineered through the self‐stacking of only one elementary cascade hybridization reaction (CHR), thus is encoding with more economic yet effective amplification pathways and reactants. Trigger (T) stimulates the activation of CHR for producing numerous T replica that reversely motivate new CHR reaction cycles, thus achieving the successive self‐replication of CHR system with an exponentially magnified readout signal. The intrinsic self‐replicate circuity design and the self‐accelerated reaction format of SDC system is experimentally demonstrated and theoretically simulated. With simple circuitry configuration and low reactant complexity, the SDC amplifier enables the high‐contrast and accurate visualization of microRNA (miRNA), ascribing to its robust molecular recognition and self‐sufficient signal amplification, thus offering a promising strategy for monitoring these clinically significant analytes.
Reduced VOC Deficit of Mixed Lead–Tin Perovskite Solar Cells via Strain‐Releasing and Synergistic Passivation Additives
Authors: Chen Wentao , Huang Yuqiong , Cui Hong , Li Sihan , Feng Yaqing , Zhang Bao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin–lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is normally lower than that of Pb cells, mainly due to greater open circuit voltage (VOC) losses. Herein, the additive 2,6‐diaminopyridine (TNPD) is designed to anchor on the surface of the perovskite precursor colloid as nucleating agent to modulate the growth of Pb–Sn perovskites. It is observed that the TNPD not only effectively induces crystal growth during the nucleation stage, remaining on the crystal surface and ultimately passivating the resulting perovskite films, but also releases the micro‐strain generated during the film growth. Furthermore, TNPD could lower the defect density (Sn4+ amount) by screening the perovskite against oxygen and by synergistically bonding with undercoordinated Sn/Pb on the surface. Finally, a high VOC of 0.85 V is obtained, corresponding to a voltage deficit of 0.41 V using a perovskite absorber with a bandgap of 1.26 eV, and a high PCE (20.35%) reported so far for Pb–Sn PSCs. Moreover, the stability of the TNPD‐incorporated device is significantly improved, and the PCE maintains 50% of the initial value after about 1000 h storage in glovebox without encapsulated, in comparison to that of the control device (about 700 h, maintaining 30% of the initial value).
The effects of environmental and biological factors on the length of Atlantic Salmon age-1+ parr in three Maine drainages
Authors: Ryan Athena , Kocik John F. , Atkinson Ernest J. , Furey Nathan B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar in the United States have been the focus of recovery efforts for over 150 years, but long-term analyses of juvenile demographics are limited. We examined how parr size (fork length [FL]) varied across three Maine drainages (East Machias, Narraguagus, and Sheepscot rivers) during 1980–2014 and was affected by habitat and biological variables using a long-term electrofishing data set.

Methods
We fitted generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to determine how parr FL varied with explanatory variables, including mean summer air temperature, elevation, mean channel width, juvenile salmon density, age-0 parr stocked, a metric for the number of effective fry stocked, and year. When examining model-averaged GAMM results, we found that parr size varied throughout the 34-year time period across the three drainages.

Result
Between 1980 and 2014, parr FL in the Sheepscot River drainage (mean = 143.9 mm) steadily increased (~5-mm increase). Parr FL in the Narraguagus River drainage (mean = 124.4 mm) declined from 1980 to about 2005 and then increased from 2006 to 2014. Parr FL in the East Machias River drainage (mean = 127.7 mm) experienced a decrease of approximately 10 mm during the study period. Density dependence was evident across drainages, suggesting that habitats were at capacity or that parr were experiencing competition. Given that the production of parr in Maine is highly reliant on stock enhancement, localized high stocking densities may limit parr growth without further restoration or habitat improvements. Stocking intensities generally decreased in all three drainages after 2000, possibly relaxing density dependence and partially explaining the plateau or increase in FL during recent years in the Sheepscot and Narraguagus rivers. Relationships between FL and summer air temperature were drainage specific, while wide channels and lower elevations were consistently associated with larger parr.

Conclusion
Given our results, management should continue to prioritize habitat improvements to improve local carrying capacity and potentially reduce density-dependent growth so as to increase stock enhancement efficacy within an adaptive management framework at the southern edge of the Atlantic Salmon's range.
Introduction
Authors: Triyanti Annisa , Indrawan Mochamad , Nurhidayah Laely , Marfai Muh Aris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIndonesia is one of the countries with the fastest-growing economies in Asia and one of the most biologically diverse countries in the world. With ecosystems ranging from terrestrial to marine and teemed with unique life forms, Indonesia is rich in natural resources. Unfortunately, Indonesia also suffers from overexploitation and environmental threats exacerbated by climate and human pressures. Along with the growing global ambitions for achieving sustainable development and increasing its capacity to adapt to climate change and extreme events, Indonesia is also increasing its commitments to balance development while safeguarding environmental and social sustainability. However, challenges remain, especially on how to effectively govern the responses to environmental issues. Against this background, this book will present state-of-the-art environmental governance research and practices in Indonesia. It offers a wide scope, covering different themes and sectors (e.g., climate change, disaster risk, forestry, mining, etc.), diverse physical and societal landscapes (e.g., urban, rural, deltas, coastal areas, etc.), and multiscalar perspectives (from national to local level). This book has the ambition to incorporate more knowledge to indicate research gaps and future directions for environmental governance research. Our intention is also to reflect a vision to make the national and global environmental governance research agenda to be more diverse, inclusive, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary. We hope that this book will be useful for researchers, students, practitioners, and policymakers who are interested in the field of environmental governance, especially in Indonesia as a megadiversity country that encompasses the world’s largest archipelago.
Describing Qatar
Authors: Al-Tamimi Nawaf , Amin Azzam , Zarrinabadi Nourollah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter describes the state of Qatar in terms of different geographical and demographic characteristics. This was done because the authors believe that an in-depth understanding of nation branding and soft power in Qatar would be possible when a good understanding of different political, geographical, and demographic issues related to the country is obtained. Moreover, this chapter describes the key pillars of Qatar Vision 2030 as the government’s major plan for country development in different domains such as economy and humanitarian issues.
Studie 4 – Lernendenerwartungen als Einfluss auf die Lehr-Lern-Situation
Authors: Hackbart Marcel 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vierte Studie wurde in Lehrveranstaltungen einer Hochschule durchgeführt, an der sowohl Studierende als auch Dozierende teilnahmen. Eine geplante Untersuchung in allgemeinbildenden Schulen, um Ergebnisse im schulischen und universitären Kontext vergleichen zu können, konnte leider nicht realisiert werden. Die Studie wurde aufgrund der geplanten zeitlich parallelen Erhebungen in Schulen und Universität so angelegt, dass sie auch mit Jugendlichen im Schulkontext hätte durchgeführt werden können.
Erwartungen und Erwartungseffekte
Authors: Hackbart Marcel 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungErwartungen werden im allgemeinen Sprachgebrauch als eine vorausschauende Vermutung, Annahme oder Hoffnung beschrieben (Duden, o. J.). Unter Erwartungen in (motivations-)psychologischen Theorien wird „[…] die wahrgenommene Chance, dass sich aus einer Situation ein bestimmter Zielzustand ergibt“ erstanden. Allgemeiner formuliert es Rudolph (2009, S. 21): „Eine Erwartung ist die subjektive Vorwegnahme eines Ereignisses […].“
Design-Prinzipien und Umsetzung personalisierter Assistenzsysteme unter Berücksichtigung des Datenschutzes
Authors: Hoebertz Mark , Voß Marleen , Pöppelbuß Jens , Bosak Olga , Mohsenzadeh Felix , Schnebbe Maximilian , Eisenbeiß Maik , Buchner Benedikt , Greve Andreas , Schomburg Frank , Lorenz Andreas , Wegge Andreas , Schönecker Ann-Marie , Saeidi Wassim 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDigitale Assistenzsysteme stellen Beschäftigten aufgabenbezogene Informationen in ihren Arbeitsprozessen über tragbare Endgeräte wie beispielsweise Datenbrillen bereit. Durch eine Personalisierung können diese Systeme dazu befähigt werden, sich an den individuellen Arbeitsfortschritt und Wissensstand der Beschäftigten anzupassen. Die technischen Komponenten eines Assistenzsystems stellen hierzu dann nicht nur die Assistenz bereit, sondern sammeln auch personenbezogene Daten, um die Personalisierung zu ermöglichen. Die Personalisierung erfordert jedoch auch einen adäquaten Umgang mit diesen sensiblen Daten, um die Akzeptanz der Assistenzsysteme durch die Beschäftigten sowie einen rechtskonformen Einsatz der Assistenzsysteme überhaupt zu gewährleisten. Um die Akzeptanz und Rechtskonformität sicherzustellen, wurden im PersonA-Projekt insgesamt 19 Design-Prinzipien entwickelt und evaluiert, die bei der Entwicklung von personalisierten Assistenzsystemen in Produktion und Service berücksichtigt werden sollten. Diese gliedern sich in Design-Prinzipien zu generellen Funktionen von Assistenzsystemen, zur Personalisierung von Assistenzsystemen und zur Datenerhebung und -verwendung von Assistenzsystemen. Ausgehend von diesen Design-Prinzipien wurden Funktionen für ein Privatsphäre-Management für das bestehende Lösungsportfolio von TeamViewer Germany GmbH entwickelt und in Pilotprojekten bei den Anwendungspartnern Kemper GmbH und WS System GmbH zum Einsatz gebracht. Vorher-Nachher-Betrachtungen der Prozesse und Kennzahlen bei den Anwendungspartnern zeigen bemerkenswerte Verbesserungen. Darüber hinaus wurden organisationskulturelle Aspekte bei der Einführung und Nutzung der technischen Lösungen bei den Anwendungspartnern durch die nextpractice GmbH untersucht. Aus den Pilotprojekten ergaben sich praktische Handlungsempfehlungen, die auch für weitere Unternehmen eine Orientierung für ihre eigenen Projekte zur Einführung von personalisierten Assistenzsystemen bieten können.
Holography and magnetohydrodynamics with dynamical gauge fields
Authors: Ahn Yong jun , Baggioli Matteo , Huh Kyoung-Bum , Jeong Hyun-Sik , Kim Keun-Young , Sun Ya-Wen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Within the framework of holography, the Einstein-Maxwell action with Dirichlet boundary conditions corresponds to a dual conformal field theory in presence of an external gauge field. Nevertheless, in many real-world applications, e.g., magnetohydrodynamics, plasma physics, superconductors, etc. dynamical gauge fields and Coulomb interactions are fundamental. In this work, we consider bottom-up holographic models at finite magnetic field and (free) charge density in presence of dynamical boundary gauge fields which are introduced using mixed boundary conditions. We numerically study the spectrum of the lowest quasi-normal modes and successfully compare the obtained results to magnetohydrodynamics theory in 2 + 1 dimensions. Surprisingly, as far as the electromagnetic coupling is small enough, we find perfect agreement even in the large magnetic field limit. Our results prove that a holographic description of magnetohydrodynamics does not necessarily need higher-form bulk fields but can be consistently derived using mixed boundary conditions for standard gauge fields.
Evolution of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell epitopes
Authors: Brand Marina , Keşmir Can 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Vaccination clearly decreases coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality; however, they also impose selection pressure on the virus, which promotes the evolution of immune escape variants. For example, despite the high vaccination level in especially Western countries, the Omicron variant caused millions of breakthrough infections, suggesting that the highly mutated spike protein in the Omicron variant can escape antibody immunity much more efficiently than the other variants of concern (VOCs). In this study, we investigated the resistance/susceptibility of T helper cell responses that are necessary for generating efficient long-lasting antibody immunity, in several VOCs. By predicting T helper cell epitopes on the spike protein for most common HLA-DRB1 alleles worldwide, we found that although most of high frequency HLA-DRB1 alleles have several potential T helper cell epitopes, few alleles like HLA-DRB1 13:01 and 11:01 are not predicted to have any significant T helper cell responses after vaccination. Using these predictions, a population based on realistic human leukocyte antigen-II (HLA-II) frequencies were simulated to visualize the T helper cell immunity on the population level. While a small fraction of this population had alarmingly little predicted CD4 T cell epitopes, the majority had several epitopes that should be enough to generate efficient B cell responses. Moreover, we show that VOC spike mutations hardly affect T helper epitopes and mainly occur in other residues of the spike protein. These results suggest that lack of long-lasting antibody responses is not likely due to loss of T helper cell epitopes in new VOCs.
Estimation of differential renal function on routine abdominal imaging employing compressed-sensed contrast-enhanced MR: a feasibility study referenced against dynamic renal scintigraphy in patients with deteriorating renal retention parameters
Authors: Schulze-Zachau Victor , Winkel David J. , Kaul Felix , Demerath Theo , Potthast Silke , Heye Tobias J. , Boll Daniel T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess whether high temporal/spatial resolution GRASP MRI acquired during routine clinical imaging can identify several degrees of renal function impairment referenced against renal dynamic scintigraphy.

Methods
This retrospective study consists of method development and method verification parts. During method development, patients subject to renal imaging using gadoterate meglumine and GRASP post-contrast MRI technique (TR/TE 3.3/1.6 ms; FoV320 × 320 mm; FA12°; Voxel1.1 × 1.1x2.5 mm) were matched into four equally-sized renal function groups (no-mild-moderate-severe impairment) according to their laboratory-determined estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR); 60|120 patients|kidneys were included. Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were placed on cortices, medullary pyramids and collecting systems of bilateral kidneys. Cortical perfusion, tubular concentration and collecting system excretion were determined as TimeCortex=Pyramid(sec), SlopeTubuli (sec−1), and TimeCollecting System (sec), respectively, and were measured by a combination of extraction of time intensity curves and respective quantitative parameters. For method verification, patients subject to GRASP MRI and renal dynamic scintigraphy (99mTc-MAG3, 100 MBq/patient) were matched into three renal function groups (no-mild/moderate-severe impairment). Split renal function parameters post 1.5–2.5 min as well as MAG3 TER were correlated with time intensity parameters retrieved using GRASP technique; 15|30 patients|kidneys were included.

Results
Method development showed differing values for TimeCortex=Pyramid(71|75|93|122 s), SlopeTubuli(2.6|2.1|1.3|0.5 s−1) and TimeCollecting System(90|111|129|139 s) for the four renal function groups with partial significant tendencies (several p-values <  0.001). In method verification, 29/30 kidneys (96.7%) were assigned to the correct renal function group.

Conclusion
High temporal and spatial resolution GRASP MR imaging allows to identify several degrees of renal function impairment using routine clinical imaging with a high degree of accuracy.
Predictors of Increased Fragility Index Scores in Surgical Randomized Controlled Trials: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Vivekanantha Prushoth , Shah Ajay , Hoit Graeme , Ayeni Olufemi , Whelan Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe fragility index (FI) is defined as the minimum number of patients or subjects needed to switch experimental groups for statistical significance to be lost in a randomized control trial (RCT). This index is used to determine the robustness of a study's findings and recently as a measure of evaluating RCT quality. The objective of this review was to identify and describe published systematic reviews utilizing FI to evaluate surgical RCTs and to determine if there were common factors associated with higher FI values.
MethodsThree databases (PubMed, MEDLINE [Ovid], Embase) were searched, followed by a subsequent abstract/title and full‐text screening to yield 50 reviews of surgical RCTs. Authors, year of publication, name of journal, study design, number of RCTs, subspecialty, sample size, median FI, patients lost to follow‐up, and associations between variables and FI scores were collected.ResultsAmong 1007 of 2214 RCTs in 50 reviews reporting FI (median sample size 100), the pooled median FI was 3 (IQR: 1–7). Most reviews investigated orthopaedic surgery RCTs (n = 32). There was a moderate correlation between FI and p value (r = 0.‐413), a mild correlation between FI and sample size (r = 0.188), and a mild correlation between FI and event number (r = 0.129).
ConclusionBased on a limited sample of systematic reviews, surgical RCT FI values are still low (2–5). Future RCTs in surgery require improvement to study design in order to increase the robustness of statistically significant findings.
Feasibility study of direct CT lymphangiography in mice: comparison with interstitial CT/MR lymphangiography
Authors: Sugawara Haruto , Furuta Toshihiro , Sumiyoshi Akira , Iiyama Megumi , Kamitani Masaru , Suzuki Aiko , Murakami Arao , Abe Osamu , Aoki Ichio , Akai Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To establish a CT lymphangiography method in mice via direct lymph node puncture.

Methods
We injected healthy mice (n = 8) with 50 µl of water-soluble iodine contrast agent (iomeprol; iodine concentration, 350 mg/mL) subcutaneously into the left-rear foot pad (interstitial injection) and 20 µl of the same contrast agent directly into the popliteal lymph node (direct puncture) 2 days later. Additionally, we performed interstitial MR lymphangiography on eight mice as a control group. We calculated the contrast ratio for each lymph node and visually assessed the depiction of lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels on a three-point scale.

Results
The contrast ratios of 2-min post-injection images of sacral and lumbar–aortic lymph nodes were 20.7 ± 16.6 (average ± standard deviation) and 17.1 ± 12.0 in the direct puncture group, which were significantly higher than those detected in the CT or MR interstitial lymphangiography groups (average, 1.8–3.6; p = 0.008–0.019). The visual assessment scores for sacral lymph nodes, lumbar–aortic lymph nodes, and cisterna chyli were significantly better in the direct puncture group than in the CT interstitial injection group (p = 0.036, 0.009 and 0.001, respectively). The lymphatic vessels between these structures were significantly better scored in direct puncture group than in the CT or MR interstitial lymphangiography groups at 2 min after injection (all p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions
In CT lymphangiography in mice, the direct lymph node puncture provides a better delineation of the lymphatic pathways than the CT/MR interstitial injection method.

Key Points
•The contrast ratios of 2-min post-injection images in the direct CT lymphangiography group were significantly higher than those of CT/MR interstitial lymphangiography groups.
•The visibility of lymphatic vessels in subjective analysis in the direct CT lymphangiography group was significantly better in the direct puncture group than in the CT/MR interstitial lymphangiography groups.
•CT lymphangiography with direct lymph node puncture can provide excellent lymphatic delineation with contrast being maximum at 2 min after injection.
The comparison of risk factors for colorectal neoplasms at different anatomical sites
Authors: Wang Huaqing , Yuan Zhen , Wang Shuyuan , Pang Wenwen , Wang Wanting , Liu Xinyu , Yi Ben , Han Qiurong , Yao Yao , Zhang Qinghuai , Zhang Xipeng , Zhang Chunze 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim
Both the clinical manifestation and molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) vary according to the anatomical site. We explored the risk factors for four groups of colorectal neoplasms (CRN) at different anatomical sites.

Methods
We extracted data from the database of Tianjin Colorectal Cancer Screening Program from 2010 to 2020. According to the CRN anatomical sites, patients were divided into four groups: the proximal colon group, the distal colon group, the rectum group, and the multiple colorectal sites. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the differences in risk factors of CRN at different anatomical sites.

Results
The numbers of patients with CRN in the proximal colon, distal colon, rectum, and multiple colorectal sites were 4023, 6920, 3657, and 7938, respectively. Male sex was associated with a higher risk from the proximal colon to the rectum. Advanced age and obesity were also significantly associated with overall colorectal CRN risk, but there were some differences between men and women. Smoking was associated with CRN risk only in the distal colon and rectum in both men and women. Frequent alcohol consumption and family history of CRC in first-degree relatives (FDRs) were associated with the risk of multisite colorectal CRN only in males.

Conclusions
We observed differences in advanced age, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and family history of colorectal cancer at different anatomical sites of colorectal neoplasms. These factors vary by gender.