bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gut microbiota pathway mechanisms of diabetes
Authors: Bajinka Ousman , Tan Yurong , Darboe Alansana , Ighaede-Edwards Isabella Gloria , Abdelhalim Khalid A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe contribution of dysbiotic gut microbiota configuration is essential when making reference to the metabolic disorders by increasing energy. It is important to understand that the gut microbiota induced metabolic disease mechanisms and inflammations. Thus it is imperative to have an insight into the state of all chronic subclinical inflammations influencing disease outcomes. However, from the emerging studies, there still exist inconsistencies in the findings of such studies. While making the best out of the reasons for inconsistencies of the findings, this review is designed to make a clear spell out as to the inconsistence of gut microbiota with respect to diabetes. It considered gut-virome alterations and diabetes and gut-bacteriome-gut-virome-alterations and diabetes as confounding factors. The review further explained some study design strategies that will spontaneously eliminate any potential confounding factors to lead to a more evidence based diabetic-gut microbiota medicine. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pro-inflammatory, metabolic endotoxemia and diet/gut microbiota insulin-resistance and low-grade systemic inflammation induced by gut microbiota can trigger pro-inflammatory cytokines in insulin-resistance, consequently, leading to the diabetic condition. While diet influences the gut microbiota, the consequences are mainly the constant high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the circulatory system. Of recent, dietary natural products have been shown to be anti-diabetic. The effects of resveratrol on the gut showed an improved lipid profile, anti-inflammatory properties and ameliorated the endotoxemia, tight junction and glucose intolerance.
Mining and application of constitutive promoters from Rhodosporidium toruloides
Authors: Guo Xiao , Bai Zhenzhen , Zhang Yang , Zhao Huimin , Shi Shuobo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRhodosporidium toruloides is an oleaginous yeast under development with promising industrial applications. Since promoters of different strengths have been demonstrated as an efficient strategy to fine-tune gene expression in synthetic biology, a set of constitutive promoters with strengths varying over 2 orders of magnitude were identified in R. toruloides through transcriptome analysis under different growth conditions. Promoter candidates were first cloned and characterized using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a reporter under eight conditions, and 31 promoters were identified with strength varied from 0.1 to 19.0 folds of the commonly used strong promoter of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (PGPD1). The resultant promoters were then used to optimize the linoleic acid biosynthetic pathway in R. toruloides in different media, including the use of lignocellulosic hydrolysate as the fermentation substrate, and improved the production of linoleic acid by up to 214.2% in minimal medium, with the highest production of 350.3 mg/L in Yeast Peptone Dextrose medium. This work has enriched the promoter library of R. toruloides, and helped develop R. toruloides as a platform organism for applications in biomanufacturing and synthetic biology.
Predictive impact of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) for left ventricular dysfunction in acute coronary syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Xuan , Hu Yi , Luan Hao , Luo Chaodi , Kamila·Kamili  , Zheng Tingting , Tian Gang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The significantly prognostic value of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) has been proved in patients with coronary artery disease and different oncologic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of FAR for left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) patients.

Methods
A total of 650 ACS patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were eventually enrolled in the analysis. Participants were classified into three groups according to baseline FAR levels (T1: FAR < 73.00; T2: 73.00 ≤ FAR < 91.00; T3: FAR ≥ 91.00). The association between FAR and LVSD was assessed by binary logistic regression analysis. A nomogram to predict the risk of LVSD was constructed based on the output indices from multivariate regression analyses.

Results
Patients with LVSD showed significantly higher FAR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) than those without. FAR was an independent predictor of left ventricular dysfunction from the multivariate analyses (OR, 1.038; 95%CI, 1.020–1.057; P < 0.001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of FAR predicting the occurrence of LVSD was 0.735. Meanwhile, FAR was the most powerful predictor than MLR, NLR, and PLR. Nomogram with the AUC reaching 0.906 showed a robust discrimination.

Conclusions
Admission FAR is independently and significantly associated with LVSD in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.
Utilization of Solid Waste in the Production of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete and Their Effects on its Physio-mechanical and Microstructural Properties: Alternative Sources, Characterization, and Performance Insights
Authors: Abhilasha  , Kumar Rajesh , Lakhani Rajni , Mishra Raghav Kumar , Khan Shahnavaz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAutoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is the lightest masonry material available in today’s building industry. It shows properties, such as high strength per unit weight, lesser density, lower shrinkage, higher thermal insulation, and fire resistance as compared to traditional concrete. Not only engineering properties of AAC make it popular in construction industry, but also its eco-friendly nature also contributes in conservation of energy. AAC produces about 67% lower carbon emission than the clay bricks. Consequently, it becomes a cost-effective product which reduces the cost of construction. This paper provides thorough insight into possible solutions for the waste utilization. It has been inferred that fine aggregates can be replaced by these wastes in the preparation of AAC. This replacement will improve its physio-mechanical properties, such as bulk-density, moisture absorption, compressive strength, along with microstructure. These properties are comprehensively presented to categorize the investigation which has been done in such fields earlier. The ongoing research work at the author’s institute, i.e., the development of lightweight concrete by using different kind of waste materials, such as marble slurry, fly ash, etc., is being presented.
Graphical Abstract
Predictors of the utility of clinical exome sequencing as a first-tier genetic test in patients with Mendelian phenotypes: results from a referral center study on 603 consecutive cases
Authors: Alix Tom , Chéry Céline , Josse Thomas , Bronowicki Jean-Pierre , Feillet François , Guéant-Rodriguez Rosa-Maria , Namour Farès , Guéant Jean-Louis , Oussalah Abderrahim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical exome sequencing (CES) provides a comprehensive and effective analysis of relevant disease-associated genes in a cost-effective manner compared to whole exome sequencing. Although several studies have focused on the diagnostic yield of CES, no study has assessed predictors of CES utility among patients with various Mendelian phenotypes. We assessed the effectiveness of CES as a first-level genetic test for molecular diagnosis in patients with a Mendelian phenotype and explored independent predictors of the clinical utility of CES.

Results
Between January 2016 and December 2019, 603 patients (426 probands and 177 siblings) underwent CES at the Department of Molecular Medicine of the University Hospital of Nancy. The median age of the probands was 34 years (IQR, 12–48), and the proportion of males was 46.9% (200/426). Adults and children represented 64.8% (276/426) and 35.2% (150/426), respectively. The median test-to-report time was 5.6 months (IQR, 4.1–7.2). CES revealed 203 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 160 patients, corresponding to a diagnostic yield of 37.6% (160/426). Independent predictors of CES utility were criteria strongly suggestive of an extreme phenotype, including pediatric presentation and patient phenotypes associated with an increased risk of a priori probability of a monogenic disorder, the inclusion of at least one family member in addition to the proband, and a CES prescription performed by an expert in the field of rare genetic disorders.

Conclusions
Based on a large dataset of consecutive patients with various Mendelian phenotypes referred for CES as a first-tier genetic test, we report a diagnostic yield of ~ 40% and several independent predictors of CES utility that might improve CES diagnostic efficiency.
Exergy analyses and optimization of a single flash geothermal power plant combined with a trans-critical CO2 cycle using genetic algorithm and Nelder–Mead simplex method
Authors: Huang Jian , Abed Azher M. , Eldin Sayed M. , Aryanfar Yashar , García Alcaraz Jorge Luis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompared with conventional fossil fuel sources, geothermal energy has several advantages. The produced geothermal energy is safe for the environment and suitable for meeting heating power needs. Because the hot water used in the geothermal process can be recycled and used to generate more steam, this energy is sustainable. Furthermore, the climate change does not affect geothermal power installations. This study suggests a combined power generation cycle replicating using the EES software that combines a single flash cycle with a trans-critical carbon dioxide cycle. The findings demonstrate that, in comparison to the BASIC single flash cycle, the design characteristics of the proposed system are greatly improved. The proposed strategy is then improved using the Nelder–Mead simplex method and Genetic Algorithm. The target parameter is exergy efficiency, and the three assumed variable parameters are separator pressure, steam turbine outlet pressure, and carbon dioxide turbine inlet pressure. The system’s exergy efficiency was 32.46% in the default operating mode, rising to 39.21% with the Genetic Algorithm and 36.16% with the Nelder–Mead simplex method. In the final step, the exergy destruction of different system components is calculated and analyzed.
Graphical Abstract
Diabetes type 2 classification using machine learning algorithms with up-sampling technique
Authors: Hama Saeed Mariwan Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently, the rate of chronic diabetes disease has increased extensively. Diabetes increases blood sugar and other problems like blurred vision, kidney failure, nerve problems, and stroke. Researchers for predicting diabetes have constructed various models. In this paper, gradient boosting classifier, AdaBoost classifier, decision tree classifier, and extra trees classifier machine learning models have been utilized for identifying chronic diabetes disease. The models analyze the PIMA Indian Diabetes dataset (PIMA) and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) diabetes datasets to classify patients with positive or negative diagnoses. 80% of the datasets are used as training data and 20% as testing data. The extra trees classifier with an area under curve of 0.96% for PIMA and 0.99% for BRFSS datasets outperformed other models. Therefore, it is suggested that healthcare providers can use the ETC model to predict chronic disease.
Electric field enhancement of coupled plasmonic nanostructures for optical amplification
Authors: Kim Jun Hyun , Lee Ja Yeon , Kim Eung Soo , Jeong Myung Yung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlasmonic effects that enhance electric fields and amplify optical signals are crucial for improving the resolution of optical imaging systems. In this paper, a metal-based plasmonic nanostructure (MPN) is designed to increase the resolution of an optical imaging system by amplifying a specific signal while producing a plasmonic effect via a dipole nanoantenna (DN) and grating nanostructure (GN), which couple the electric field to be focused at the center of the unit cell. We confirmed that the MPN enhances electric fields 15 times more than the DN and GN, enabling the acquisition of finely resolved optical signals. The experiments confirmed that compared with the initial laser intensity, the MPN, which was fabricated by nanoimprint lithography, enhanced the optical signal of the laser by 2.24 times. Moreover, when the MPN was applied in two optical imaging systems, an indistinguishable signal that was similar to noise in original was distinguished by amplifying the optical signal as 106 times in functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS), and a specific wavelength was enhanced in fluorescence image. Thus, the incorporation of this nanostructure increased the utility of the collected data and could enhance optical signals in optics, bioimaging, and biology applications.
Impact of a Biopsychosocial Screening Program on Clinical and Hospital-Based Outcomes in Cancer
Authors: Bergerot Cristiane Decat , Bergerot Paulo Gustavo , Molina Lorena Nascimento Manrique , Freitas Alici Natalia de Souza , do Nascimento Karla Lucia , Philip Errol J. , Lee David , Sacchi Luana Lourenção , Nazario Jose Lucas Ferreira , Matos Neto João Nunes , Buso Marco Murilo , Soto-Perez-De-Celis Enrique , Florez Narjust 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: The integration of a biopsychosocial screening (BPS) program has been proposed by international agencies to better identify and effectively manage unmet needs among patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate the effect of a BPS program on hospital admissions and length of stay (LOS) among a diverse sample of patients with cancer and receiving treatment in Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed from March 2020 to December 2021. Eligible patients were diagnosed with cancer and were receiving treatment at a private practice in Brazil. Clinical characteristics, participation in the BPS program, hospital admissions, reason, and LOS in hospital were evaluated. We compared the number of hospital admissions and LOS between groups (participation v no participation). T test and Chi-square test were used to test for differences between groups. RESULTS: A total of 1,014 patients were included in the analysis. Baseline clinical characteristics were well balanced between groups (n = 459 patients who participated and n = 555 patients who did not). The median age of patients was 63 years. Breast and hematological cancers were the most common types of cancer; 60% were diagnosed at an advanced disease stage. A smaller proportion of patients who participated in the BPS program were hospitalized compared with patients who did not participate (8% v 32%, P = .001). Patients who participated in the program also spent less days in the hospital compared with patients who did not participate in the program (M = 4.2 days v 9.8 days, P = .001). CONCLUSION: Engagement in a BPS program was associated with reduced hospital admissions and LOS. This study provides novel insight into the potential broader implications of BPS programs for clinical care systems. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanisms behind such associations.
Olaparib in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer With BRCA1/2 Mutation: Results From the TAPUR Study
Authors: Yang Eddy S. , Halabi Susan , Rothe Michael , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Mangat Pam K. , Pisick Evan , Dib Elie , Burgess Earle F. , Zakem Michael , Rohatgi Nitin , Bilen Mehmet A. , O'Lone Raegan , Grantham Gina N. , Schilsky Richard L. 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE The TAPUR Study is a phase II basket trial that aims to evaluate activity of approved targeted agents in patients with advanced cancers with potentially actionable genomic variants. Data from a cohort of patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and BRCA1/ 2 mutations treated with olaparib are reported. METHODS Eligible patients with measurable mCRPC were matched to treatment according to protocol-specified genomic matching rules. Patients had no remaining standard treatment options, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2, and adequate organ function. Simon's two-stage design was used with a primary end point of disease control, defined as objective response or stable disease of at least 16-week duration. Secondary end points include radiographic progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, duration of stable disease, and safety. RESULTS Thirty patients with mCRPC with BRCA1/ 2 mutations were treated with olaparib. The disease control rate was 69% (95% CI, 51 to 81), and the objective response rate was 58% (95% CI, 37 to 77). The median radiographic progression-free survival and the median overall survival were 38.4 (95% CI, 16.3 to 52.1) weeks and 76.4 (95% CI, 49.3 to 106.0) weeks, respectively. Six of 30 (20%) patients experienced grade 3-4 adverse or serious adverse events including anemia, aspiration, decreased WBC count, and fatigue. CONCLUSION Olaparib has antitumor activity in patients with mCRPC with BRCA1/ 2 mutations and warrants further study to determine how to best integrate it into the standard treatment of patients with BRCA1/ 2-mutated prostate cancer.
Riotous Deathscapes
Authors: Canham Hugo ka 
Published: February 2023

In Riotous Deathscapes, Hugo ka Canham presents an understanding of life and death based on indigenous and black ways of knowing that he terms Mpondo theory. Focusing on amaMpondo people from rural Mpondoland, in South Africa’s Eastern Cape, Canham outlines the methodologies that have enabled the community’s resilience and survival. He assembles historical events and a cast of ancestral and living characters, following the tenor of village life, to offer a portrait of how Mpondo people live and die in the face of centuries of abandonment, trauma, antiblackness, and death. Canham shows that Mpondo theory is grounded in and develops in relation to the natural world, where the river and hill are key sites of being and resistance. Central too, is the interface between ancestors and the living, in which life and death become a continuity and a boundlessness that white supremacy and neoliberalism cannot interdict. By charting a course of black life in Mpondoland, Canham tells a story of blackness on the African continent and beyond.
Duke University Press Scholars of Color First Book Award Recipient
The transparency of quantitative empirical legal research published in highly ranked law journals (2018–2020): an observational study
Authors: Chin Jason , Zeiler Kathryn , Dilevski Natali , Holcombe Alex , Gatfield-Jeffries Rosemary , Bishop Ruby , Vazire Simine , Schiavone Sarah 
Published: February 2023

Background: Scientists are increasingly concerned with making their work easy to verify and build upon. Associated practices include sharing data, materials, and analytic scripts, and preregistering protocols. This shift towards increased transparency and rigor has been referred to as a “credibility revolution.” The credibility of empirical legal research has been questioned in the past due to its distinctive peer review system and because the legal background of its researchers means that many often are not trained in study design or statistics. Still, there has been no systematic study of transparency and credibility-related characteristics of published empirical legal research. Methods: To fill this gap and provide an estimate of current practices that can be tracked as the field evolves, we assessed 300 empirical articles from highly ranked law journals including both faculty-edited journals and student-edited journals. Results: We found high levels of article accessibility, especially among student-edited journals. Few articles stated that a study’s data are available. Preregistration and availability of analytic scripts were very uncommon. Conclusion: We suggest that empirical legal researchers and the journals that publish their work cultivate norms and practices to encourage research credibility. Our estimates may be revisited to track the field’s progress in the coming years.
Electronic educational resource "Epidemiology for residents of hygienic specialties"
Authors: Kosova A.A. , Slobodenyuk A.V. , An R.N. , Makarov A.E. , Romanenko V.V. 
Published: February 2023

Данный электронно-образовательный ресурс (ЭОР) предназначен для лиц, имеющих высшее образование - специалитет по специальности «Медико-профилактическое дело», проходящих обучение по программам ординатуры по специальностям: "Гигиена детей и подростков", "Гигиена питания", "Гигиеническое воспитание", "Коммунальная гигиена", "Общая гигиена" и "Социальная гигиена и организация госсанэпидслужбы". Цель обучения - совершенствование трудовых функций и профессиональных компетенций, формирование личности с естественно научным мировоззрением. Задачи: 1. Овладеть теоретическими знаниями и практическими навыками по общей, частной эпидемиологии, организации противоэпидемических мероприятий в медицинских организациях. 2. Усвоить систему эпидемиологического надзора. Содержание. Курс состоит из 4 модулей, содержащих теоретический и практический материал, а также тестовые контроли. Теоретическая часть представлена в виде лекций и практикумов. В контрольном блоке для проверки уровня усвоения теоретического материала обучающемуся предлагается ответить на тестовый контроль и решить ситуационные задачи. Форма итоговой аттестации по курсу: онлайн тестирование, собеседование по билету
An insight into zolpidem abuse and dependence
Authors: Świąder Kinga , Szymańska Ewa , Ostaszewska Sandra , Augustynowicz Kinga , Chrzanowski Jakub , Łoginoff Jan , Morawski Przemysław , Popińska Zuzanna , Pactwa Filip 
Published: February 2023

Background: Z-drugs (zopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem) are commonly prescribed medicine classes associated with a risk of abuse, dependence or withdrawal.
Objective: The purpose of our work is to review the current knowledge on the evidence for z-drugs harms and estimate the prevalence of dispensed prescriptions.
Material and Methods: A literature review was conducted in PubMed database using the key words: “Zolpidem”, “Z-drugs”, “Abuse”, “Dependence”
Results: According to our findings, zolpidem should be prescribed with the same caution as BZDs, especially in patients with a history of drug abuse or in the elderly.
Conclusion: Psychiatrists and physicians should be aware of the misuse potential of zolpidem and adopt measures restricting its use.
Nuevas señales del objetivismo
Authors: Baigorria Martín 
Published: February 2023

Pese a los anuncios de agotamiento inminente, han surgido en los últimos años distintas obras asociadas a la poética objetivista: Sumisión (Taborda 2020), 1864 (Aguirre 2020), Morris (Kesselman 2019), Maples (Pérez 2021). A eso habría que sumar también La vivienda del trabajador de Daniel García Helder, publicado en 2008 y reeditado en 2017. Tres de esos autores (Aguirre, García Helder, Taborda) pertenecen al primer grupo asociado a esa corriente y orillan los sesenta años. Los otros dos publicaron sus libros después de 2010 y no llegan a los cuarenta. Esa permanencia inter–generacional habilita una reflexión sobre algunas preocupaciones literarias, la utilidad de un canon negativo y los distintos textos surgidos de esas premisas. Para comenzar podríamos decir que la atención dirigida a la imagen, las cosas y las circunstancias capta una realidad en movimiento, capaz de proponer nuevas estrategias al nivel de la organización de la frase, el verso y el discurso literario en general.