bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extreme fast charging of commercial Li-ion batteries via combined thermal switching and self-heating approaches
Authors: Zeng Yuqiang , Zhang Buyi , Fu Yanbao , Shen Fengyu , Zheng Qiye , Chalise Divya , Miao Ruijiao , Kaur Sumanjeet , Lubner Sean D. , Tucker Michael C. , Battaglia Vincent , Dames Chris , Prasher Ravi S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mass adoption of electric vehicles is hindered by the inadequate extreme fast charging (XFC) performance (i.e., less than 15 min charging time to reach 80% state of charge) of commercial high-specific-energy (i.e., >200 Wh/kg) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, to enable the XFC of commercial LIBs, we propose the regulation of the battery’s self-generated heat via active thermal switching. We demonstrate that retaining the heat during XFC with the switch OFF boosts the cell’s kinetics while dissipating the heat after XFC with the switch ON reduces detrimental reactions in the battery. Without modifying cell materials or structures, the proposed XFC approach enables reliable battery operation by applying <15 min of charge and 1 h of discharge. These results are almost identical regarding operativity for the same battery type tested applying a 1 h of charge and 1 h of discharge, thus, meeting the XFC targets set by the United States Department of Energy. Finally, we also demonstrate the feasibility of integrating the XFC approach in a commercial battery thermal management system.
Sequential intrahost evolution and onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Gonzalez-Reiche Ana S. , Alshammary Hala , Schaefer Sarah , Patel Gopi , Polanco Jose , Carreño Juan Manuel , Amoako Angela A. , Rooker Aria , Cognigni Christian , Floda Daniel , van de Guchte Adriana , Khalil Zain , Farrugia Keith , Assad Nima , Zhang Jian , Alburquerque Bremy ,   PARIS/PSP study group, Kleiner Giulio , Andre Dalles , Beach Katherine F. , Bermúdez-González Maria C. , Cai Gianna , Lyttle Neko , Mulder Lubbertus C. F. , Oostenink Annika , Salimbangon Ashley Beathrese T. , Singh Gagandeep , van Kesteren Morgan , Monahan Brian , Mauldin Jacob , Awawda Mahmoud , Sominsky Levy A. , Gleason Charles , Srivastava Komal , Sebra Robert , Ramirez Juan David , Banu Radhika , Shrestha Paras , Krammer Florian , Paniz-Mondolfi Alberto , Sordillo Emilia Mia , Simon Viviana , van Bakel Harm 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPersistent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been reported in immune-compromised individuals and people undergoing immune-modulatory treatments. Although intrahost evolution has been documented, direct evidence of subsequent transmission and continued stepwise adaptation is lacking. Here we describe sequential persistent SARS-CoV-2 infections in three individuals that led to the emergence, forward transmission, and continued evolution of a new Omicron sublineage, BA.1.23, over an eight-month period. The initially transmitted BA.1.23 variant encoded seven additional amino acid substitutions within the spike protein (E96D, R346T, L455W, K458M, A484V, H681R, A688V), and displayed substantial resistance to neutralization by sera from boosted and/or Omicron BA.1-infected study participants. Subsequent continued BA.1.23 replication resulted in additional substitutions in the spike protein (S254F, N448S, F456L, M458K, F981L, S982L) as well as in five other virus proteins. Our findings demonstrate not only that the Omicron BA.1 lineage can diverge further from its already exceptionally mutated genome but also that patients with persistent infections can transmit these viral variants. Thus, there is, an urgent need to implement strategies to prevent prolonged SARS-CoV-2 replication and to limit the spread of newly emerging, neutralization-resistant variants in vulnerable patients.
Direct observation of coherence transfer and rotational-to-vibrational energy exchange in optically centrifuged CO2 super-rotors
Authors: Chen Timothy Y. , Steinmetz Scott A. , Patterson Brian D. , Jasper Ahren W. , Kliewer Christopher J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOptical centrifuges are laser-based molecular traps that can rotationally accelerate molecules to energies rivalling or exceeding molecular bond energies. Here we report time and frequency-resolved ultrafast coherent Raman measurements of optically centrifuged CO2 at 380 Torr spun to energies beyond its bond dissociation energy of 5.5 eV (Jmax = 364, Erot = 6.14 eV, Erot/kB = 71, 200 K). The entire rotational ladder from J = 24 to J = 364 was resolved simultaneously which enabled a more accurate measurement of the centrifugal distortion constants for CO2. Remarkably, coherence transfer was directly observed, and time-resolved, during the field-free relaxation of the trap as rotational energy flowed into bending-mode vibrational excitation. Vibrationally excited CO2 (ν2 > 3) was observed in the time-resolved spectra to populate after 3 mean collision times as a result of rotational-to-vibrational (R-V) energy transfer. Trajectory simulations show an optimal range of J for R-V energy transfer. Dephasing rates for molecules rotating up to 5.5 times during one collision were quantified. Very slow decays of the vibrational hot band rotational coherences suggest that they are sustained by coherence transfer and line mixing.
Non-line-of-sight imaging with arbitrary illumination and detection pattern
Authors: Liu Xintong , Wang Jianyu , Xiao Leping , Shi Zuoqiang , Fu Xing , Qiu Lingyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging aims at reconstructing targets obscured from the direct line of sight. Existing NLOS imaging algorithms require dense measurements at regular grid points in a large area of the relay surface, which severely hinders their availability to variable relay scenarios in practical applications such as robotic vision, autonomous driving, rescue operations and remote sensing. In this work, we propose a Bayesian framework for NLOS imaging without specific requirements on the spatial pattern of illumination and detection points. By introducing virtual confocal signals, we design a confocal complemented signal-object collaborative regularization (CC-SOCR) algorithm for high-quality reconstructions. Our approach is capable of reconstructing both the albedo and surface normal of the hidden objects with fine details under general relay settings. Moreover, with a regular relay surface, coarse rather than dense measurements are enough for our approach such that the acquisition time can be reduced significantly. As demonstrated in multiple experiments, the proposed framework substantially extends the application range of NLOS imaging.
Monolithically-grained perovskite solar cell with Mortise-Tenon structure for charge extraction balance
Authors: Wang Fangfang , Li Mubai , Tian Qiushuang , Sun Riming , Ma Hongzhuang , Wang Hongze , Chang Jingxi , Li Zihao , Chen Haoyu , Cao Jiupeng , Wang Aifei , Dong Jingjin , Liu You , Zhao Jinzheng , Chu Ying , Yan Suhao , Wu Zichao , Liu Jiaxin , Li Ya , Chen Xianglin , Gao Ping , Sun Yue , Liu Tingting , Liu Wenbo , Li Renzhi , Wang Jianpu , Cheng Yi-bing , Liu Xiaogang , Huang Wei , Qin Tianshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough the power conversion efficiency values of perovskite solar cells continue to be refreshed, it is still far from the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit. Two major issues need to be addressed, including disorder crystallization of perovskite and unbalanced interface charge extraction, which limit further improvements in device efficiency. Herein, we develop a thermally polymerized additive as the polymer template in the perovskite film, which can form monolithic perovskite grain and a unique “Mortise-Tenon” structure after spin-coating hole-transport layer. Importantly, the suppressed non-radiative recombination and balanced interface charge extraction benefit from high-quality perovskite crystals and Mortise-Tenon structure, resulting in enhanced open-circuit voltage and fill-factor of the device. The PSCs achieve certified efficiency of 24.55% and maintain >95% initial efficiency over 1100 h in accordance with the ISOS-L-2 protocol, as well as excellent endurance according to the ISOS-D-3 accelerated aging test.
Multi-compartmental MOF microreactors derived from Pickering double emulsions for chemo-enzymatic cascade catalysis
Authors: Tian Danping , Hao Ruipeng , Zhang Xiaoming , Shi Hu , Wang Yuwei , Liang Linfeng , Liu Haichao , Yang Hengquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBioinspired multi-compartment architectures are desired in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, as credited by their cell-like structures and intrinsic ability of assembling catalytic species for spatiotemporal control over cascade reactions like in living systems. Herein, we describe a general Pickering double emulsion-directed interfacial synthesis method for the fabrication of multicompartmental MOF microreactors. This approach employs multiple liquid–liquid interfaces as a controllable platform for the self-completing growth of dense MOF layers, enabling the microreactor with tailor-made inner architectures and selective permeability. Importantly, simultaneous encapsulation of incompatible functionalities, including hydrophilic enzyme and hydrophobic molecular catalyst, can be realized in a single MOF microreactor for operating chemo-enzymatic cascade reactions. As exemplified by the Grubb’ catalyst/CALB lipase driven olefin metathesis/ transesterification cascade reaction and glucose oxidase (GOx)/Fe-porphyrin catalyzed oxidation reaction, the multicompartmental microreactor exhibits 2.24–5.81 folds enhancement in cascade reaction efficiency in comparison to the homogeneous counterparts or physical mixture of individual analogues, due to the restrained mutual inactivation and substrate channelling effects. Our study prompts further design of multicompartment systems and the development of artificial cells capable of complex cellular transformations.
Systematic literature review reveals suboptimal use of chemical probes in cell-based biomedical research
Authors: Sterling Jayden , Baker Jennifer R. , McCluskey Adam , Munoz Lenka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChemical probes have reached a prominent role in biomedical research, but their impact is governed by experimental design. To gain insight into the use of chemical probes, we conducted a systematic review of 662 publications, understood here as primary research articles, employing eight different chemical probes in cell-based research. We summarised (i) concentration(s) at which chemical probes were used in cell-based assays, (ii) inclusion of structurally matched target-inactive control compounds and (iii) orthogonal chemical probes. Here, we show that only 4% of analysed eligible publications used chemical probes within the recommended concentration range and included inactive compounds as well as orthogonal chemical probes. These findings indicate that the best practice with chemical probes is yet to be implemented in biomedical research. To achieve this, we propose ‘the rule of two’: At least two chemical probes (either orthogonal target-engaging probes, and/or a pair of a chemical probe and matched target-inactive compound) to be employed at recommended concentrations in every study.
Multi-state data storage in a two-dimensional stripy antiferromagnet implemented by magnetoelectric effect
Authors: Gu Pingfan , Wang Cong , Su Dan , Dong Zehao , Wang Qiuyuan , Han Zheng , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ji Wei , Sun Young , Ye Yu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA promising approach to the next generation of low-power, functional, and energy-efficient electronics relies on novel materials with coupled magnetic and electric degrees of freedom. In particular, stripy antiferromagnets often exhibit broken crystal and magnetic symmetries, which may bring about the magnetoelectric (ME) effect and enable the manipulation of intriguing properties and functionalities by electrical means. The demand for expanding the boundaries of data storage and processing technologies has led to the development of spintronics toward two-dimensional (2D) platforms. This work reports the ME effect in the 2D stripy antiferromagnetic insulator CrOCl down to a single layer. By measuring the tunneling resistance of CrOCl on the parameter space of temperature, magnetic field, and applied voltage, we verified the ME coupling down to the 2D limit and probed its mechanism. Utilizing the multi-stable states and ME coupling at magnetic phase transitions, we realize multi-state data storage in the tunneling devices. Our work not only advances the fundamental understanding of spin-charge coupling, but also demonstrates the great potential of 2D antiferromagnetic materials to deliver devices and circuits beyond the traditional binary operations.
Bacteriophage targeting microbiota alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Gan Lin , Feng Yanling , Du Bing , Fu Hanyu , Tian Ziyan , Xue Guanhua , Yan Chao , Cui Xiaohu , Zhang Rui , Cui Jinghua , zhao Hanqing , Feng Junxia , Xu Ziying , Fan Zheng , Fu Tongtong , Du Shuheng , Liu Shiyu , Zhang Qun , Yu Zihui , Sun Ying , Yuan Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOur previous studies have shown that high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn) in the intestinal microbiome could be one of the causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Considering antimicrobial resistance of K. pneumoniae and dysbacteriosis caused by antibiotics, phage therapy might have potential in treatment of HiAlc Kpn-induced NAFLD, because of the specificity targeting the bacteria. Here, we clarified the effectiveness of phage therapy in male mice with HiAlc Kpn-induced steatohepatitis. Comprehensive investigations including transcriptomes and metabolomes revealed that treatment with HiAlc Kpn-specific phage was able to alleviate steatohepatitis caused by HiAlc Kpn, including hepatic dysfunction and expression of cytokines and lipogenic genes. In contrast, such treatment did not cause significantly pathological changes, either in functions of liver and kidney, or in components of gut microbiota. In addition to reducing alcohol attack, phage therapy also regulated inflammation, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Our data suggest that phage therapy targeting gut microbiota is an alternative to antibiotics, with potential efficacy and safety, at least in HiAlc Kpn-caused NAFLD.
Improvement of cryo-EM maps by simultaneous local and non-local deep learning
Authors: He Jiahua , Li Tao , Huang Sheng-You 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCryo-EM has emerged as the most important technique for structure determination of macromolecular complexes. However, raw cryo-EM maps often exhibit loss of contrast at high resolution and heterogeneity over the entire map. As such, various post-processing methods have been proposed to improve cryo-EM maps. Nevertheless, it is still challenging to improve both the quality and interpretability of EM maps. Addressing the challenge, we present a three-dimensional Swin-Conv-UNet-based deep learning framework to improve cryo-EM maps, named EMReady, by not only implementing both local and non-local modeling modules in a multiscale UNet architecture but also simultaneously minimizing the local smooth L1 distance and maximizing the non-local structural similarity between processed experimental and simulated target maps in the loss function. EMReady was extensively evaluated on diverse test sets of 110 primary cryo-EM maps and 25 pairs of half-maps at 3.0–6.0 Å resolutions, and compared with five state-of-the-art map post-processing methods. It is shown that EMReady can not only robustly enhance the quality of cryo-EM maps in terms of map-model correlations, but also improve the interpretability of the maps in automatic de novo model building.
Intrinsic TGF-β signaling attenuates proximal tubule mitochondrial injury and inflammation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kayhan Merve , Vouillamoz Judith , Rodriguez Daymé Gonzalez , Bugarski Milica , Mitamura Yasutaka , Gschwend Julia , Schneider Christoph , Hall Andrew , Legouis David , Akdis Cezmi A. , Peter Leary , Rehrauer Hubert , Gewin Leslie , Wenger Roland H. , Khodo Stellor Nlandu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExcessive TGF-β signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction fuel chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. However, inhibiting TGF-β failed to impede CKD in humans. The proximal tubule (PT), the most vulnerable renal segment, is packed with giant mitochondria and injured PT is pivotal in CKD progression. How TGF-β signaling affects PT mitochondria in CKD remained unknown. Here, we combine spatial transcriptomics and bulk RNAseq with biochemical analyses to depict the role of TGF-β signaling on PT mitochondrial homeostasis and tubulo-interstitial interactions in CKD. Male mice carrying specific deletion of Tgfbr2 in the PT have increased mitochondrial injury and exacerbated Th1 immune response in the aristolochic acid model of CKD, partly, through impaired complex I expression and mitochondrial quality control associated with a metabolic rewiring toward aerobic glycolysis in the PT cells. Injured S3T2 PT cells are identified as the main mediators of the maladaptive macrophage/dendritic cell activation in the absence of Tgfbr2. snRNAseq database analyses confirm decreased TGF-β receptors and a metabolic deregulation in the PT of CKD patients. This study describes the role of TGF-β signaling in PT mitochondrial homeostasis and inflammation in CKD, suggesting potential therapeutic targets that might be used to mitigate CKD progression.
Yijung-tang improves thermogenesis and reduces inflammation associated with gut microbiota in hypothyroid rats
Authors: Khakisahneh Saeid , Zhang Xue-Ying , Han Song-Yi , Song Eun-Ji , Nam Young-Do , Kim Hojun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently, considerable attention is focused on exploring the potential relationship between herbal medicine (HM) and the gut microbiome in terms of thermoregulation, which is an important aspect of human health, in modern system biology. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms of HM in thermoregulation is inadequate. Here, we demonstrate that the canonical herbal formula, Yijung-tang (YJT), protects against hypothermia, hyperinflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats. Notably, these properties were associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and signaling crosstalk between the thermoregulatory and inflammatory mediators in the small intestine and brown adipose tissue (BAT). In contrast to the conventional drug L-thyroxine for curing hypothyroidism, YJT has an efficacy for attenuating systematic inflammatory responses, related with depression in intestinal TLR4 and Nod2/Pglyrp1 signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that YJT could promote BAT thermogenesis and prevent systemic inflammation in PTU-induced hypothyroid rats, which was associated with its prebiotic effect on modulating of the gut microbiota and gene expression with relevance in the enteroendocrine function and innate immune systems. These findings may strengthen the rationale of the microbiota–gut–BAT axis for a paradigm shift to enable holobiont-centric medicine.
Extracellular vesicles of the Gram-positive gut symbiont Bifidobacterium longum induce immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory effects
Authors: Mandelbaum Noa , Zhang Lihan , Carasso Shaqed , Ziv Tamar , Lifshiz-Simon Sapir , Davidovich Irina , Luz Ishai , Berinstein Elliot , Gefen Tal , Cooks Tomer , Talmon Yeshayahu , Balskus Emily P. , Geva-Zatorsky Naama 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiota is now well known to affect the host’s immune system. One way of bacterial communication with host cells is via the secretion of vesicles, small membrane structures containing various cargo. Research on vesicles secreted by Gram-positive gut bacteria, their mechanisms of interaction with the host and their immune-modulatory effects are still relatively scarce. Here we characterized the size, protein content, and immune-modulatory effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by a newly sequenced Gram-positive human gut symbiont strain - Bifidobacterium longum AO44. We found that B. longum EVs exert anti-inflammatory effects, inducing IL-10 secretion from both splenocytes and dendritic cells (DC)-CD4+ T cells co-cultures. Furthermore, the EVs protein content showed enrichment in ABC transporters, quorum sensing proteins, and extracellular solute-binding proteins, which were previously shown to have a prominent function in the anti-inflammatory effect of other strains of B. longum. This study underlines the importance of bacterial vesicles in facilitating the gut bacterial immune-modulatory effects on the host and sheds light on bacterial vesicles as future therapeutics.
Dissecting the impact of dietary fiber type on atherosclerosis in mice colonized with different gut microbial communities
Authors: Hutchison Evan R. , Kasahara Kazuyuki , Zhang Qijun , Vivas Eugenio I. , Cross Tzu-Wen L. , Rey Federico E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDietary fiber consumption has been linked with improved cardiometabolic health, however, human studies have reported large interindividual variations in the observed benefits. We tested whether the effects of dietary fiber on atherosclerosis are influenced by the gut microbiome. We colonized germ-free ApoE−/− mice with fecal samples from three human donors (DonA, DonB, and DonC) and fed them diets supplemented with either a mix of 5 fermentable fibers (FF) or non-fermentable cellulose control (CC) diet. We found that DonA-colonized mice had reduced atherosclerosis burden with FF feeding compared to their CC-fed counterparts, whereas the type of fiber did not affect atherosclerosis in mice colonized with microbiota from the other donors. Microbial shifts associated with FF feeding in DonA mice were characterized by higher relative abundances of butyrate-producing taxa, higher butyrate levels, and enrichment of genes involved in synthesis of B vitamins. Our results suggest that atheroprotection in response to FF is not universal and is influenced by the gut microbiome.
Topological graph-based analysis of solid-state ion migration
Authors: Shen Jimmy-Xuan , Li Haoming Howard , Rutt Ann , Horton Matthew K. , Persson Kristin A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo accelerate the development of ion conducting materials, we present a general graph-theoretic analysis framework for ion migration in any crystalline structure. The nodes of the graph represent metastable sites of the migrating ion and the edges represent discrete migration events between adjacent sites. Starting from a collection of possible metastable migration sites, the framework assigns a weight to the edges by calculating the individual migration energy barriers between those sites. Connected pathways in the periodic simulation cell corresponding to macroscopic ion migration are identified by searching for the lowest-cost cycle in the periodic migration graph. To exemplify the utility of the framework, we present the automatic analyses of Li migration in different polymorphs of VO(PO4), with the resulting identification of two distinct crystal structures with simple migration pathways demonstrating overall <300 meV migration barriers.