bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitive guidance to encourage shared ‘zest for learning’
Authors: Trevarthen Colwyn 
Published: January 2023

The paradox which wrecks so many promising theories of education is that the training which produces skill is so very apt to stifle imaginative zest. Skill demands repetition, and imaginative zest is tinged with impulse. Up to a certain point each gain in skill opens new paths for imagination. But in each individual formal training has its limits of usefulness. Beyond that limit there is degeneration: ‘The lilies of the field toil not, neither do they spin.’(Whitehead, 1929, p.338)Human sense is understanding how to live in the human and physical worlds that children normally develop in the first few years of life. It is learned spontaneously in direct encounters with these worlds that arise unavoidably everywhere, transcending cultural differences. The learning is always informed and guided by emotion – that is, by feelings of significance, of value, of what matters. And it is highly stable and enduring, once established. It is the foundation on which all that follows must build.(Donaldson, 1978)…it is surely the case that schooling is only one small part of how a culture inducts the young into its canonical ways. Indeed schooling may even be at odds with a culture’s other ways of inducting the young into the requirements of communal living.(Bruner, 1996, Preface, p.ix)
On being an expert witness…
Authors: Hewitt Olivia 
Published: January 2023

In this article I will discuss my recent experience of being an expert witness in a crown court case. I will consider the pros and cons of doing such a piece of work, and direct the reader to sources of support when considering this role. It should be noted that this article is based solely on my own experiences, and, therefore, gives an idiosyncratic view of the experience of being an expert witness.I qualified as a clinical psychologist in 2007 and since then have been working in a specialist psychology service for people with learning disabilities.
Exploring people with learning disabilities experiences of video call interventions during the Covid-19 pandemic:A service evaluation
Authors: Weare Vicki , Kominkova Dominika , Porter Joanne 
Published: January 2023

• We asked people with learning disabilities what was good and bad about using video-calls to receive support during Covid-19 pandemic. We also asked the Learning Disabilities team what can be difficult about using video calls.• We found that many things make it hard for people with learning disabilities to use video calls. Some people are unable to video-calls and need face-to-face support.• Some people with learning disabilities can use video calls if they have right support. We need to help people with learning disabilities to have equal access to technology and help them to use video calls if they would like to use them.
Video Interaction Guidance with adults with ID: Learning points and reflections
Authors: Gallichan Deanna J. 
Published: January 2023

Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) uses video clips to look at what is going well in relationships. This can help improve other things, such as behaviour.VIG can be used with adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and their support workers to help improve the relationships between them.We are still learning how VIG can help adults with ID. This article gives some ideas about how it can be helpful.
Evaluation of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) model with female forensic inpatients
Authors: Panczak Monika , Murphy Lisa , Coombes Phil 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) is a multidimensional framework which aims to increase understanding of the function of a person’s behaviour. PBS consequently helps to develop effective support strategies (Allen et al., 2012; Carr et al., 1999). The PBS model was introduced in a low secure mental health hospital for females in order to maximise the support offered, increase feelings of safety, and reduce secondary gains from enhanced observations.MethodStaff views on the implementation and effectiveness of the PBS model were evaluated using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The evaluation was based upon responses from 20 participants, who were regular Care Assistants and Nurses working on admission wards within the aforementioned clinical setting. Semi-structured interviews and short questionnaires were completed anonymously by participants.ResultsOverall, staff reported that the PBS model had a positive impact on the day-to-day running of the wards. The PBS model was identified as an effective tool to address challenging behaviour. Staff reported that PBS is a useful approach when working with patients with learning disabilities and personality disorders.ConclusionIt has been suggested that further training and development of PBS strategies (e.g. functional analysis) would be beneficial.
Getting the most from your treatment: Motivating engagement in women in medium secure forensic settings
Authors: Dolley Olga , Gaylor Miranda , Long Clive 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe engagement of service users in their treatment within secure settings is a priority, in terms of outcome of treatment, recidivism, and cost efficiency. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a treatment preparatory group for women newly admitted to a medium secure setting.MethodA matched subject pre-test-post-test design was used to evaluate a group program utilising cognitive behavioural and psycho-education components with the aim of developing service users engagement in treatment and overall coping strategies.ResultsTreatment completers (N=25) were matched with a group of women who did not participate in the program (N=25). Clinically significant changes in treatment completers were apparent on ratings of treatment readiness, participation in treatment, hope, self-efficacy, insight and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, completers were found to attend more therapy sessions post group, compared with those who did not engage in the program, and were rated as having key strengths in terms of insight, attitudes, relationships, coping and treatability.ConclusionA treatment preparatory group that focused on psycho-education, orientation to therapy and coping skills was instrumental in motivating engagement in women newly admitted to medium secure care.
University students’ beliefs and attitudes towards smoking and their intention to quit
Authors: Epiphaniou Eleni G. , Clark Marie 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveYoung adults are a difficult population. However, considering the negative health outcomes related to smoking additional attempts are required to findthose factors which seem to motivate young adults to think about quitting smoking. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was applied with the aim to identify those factors which might underlie motivation to quit smoking.MethodThis study is based on a self-administered questionnaire which was provided to 190 current smokers at the University of Cyprus (58 per cent female), 18 to 29 years of age (M=21.47, SD=2.08).ResultsOverall, the study verifies the validity of the TPB. Perceived behavioural control (PBC) and subjective norm significantly predicted students’ intention to quit smoking. However, attitudes failed to predict intention to quit smoking. In addition, contrary to other studies perceived susceptibility did not emerge as a significant predictor for intentions.ConclusionsTo successfully increase students’ motivation to quit smoking future interventions in Cyprus should aim to enhance students’ confidence in their ability to quit smoking
Why don’t Health Psychologists work with people with learning disabilities?
Authors: Clarke Hilary , Menday Rachel , Doswell Sophie 
Published: January 2023

Anecdotal evidence has informed us that it is unusual for Health Psychologists to work with people with a learning disability. The British Psychological Society’s website has been searched in order to identify the number of Health Psychologists working in this area. It was concluded that there are very few, if any. Despite the sparse numbers our own clinical experience suggests that health psychology is very relevant and useful for this client group. Our interest stems from working with people with learning disabilities and recognising that this group have many physical health problems, which health psychology could potentially address (Davies & Spencer, 2007).In this article we will discuss the various aspects of health psychology and identify how these relate to people with learning disabilities. Firstly, we will provide evidence surrounding the complex and serious health problems that people withlearning disability may experience. Secondly, we will consider how these relate tothe five main areas of expertise that the Society claims summarises the role of a Health Psychologist. Clinical examples will be mentioned throughout the article, toillustrate the relevance of these areas to people with learning disabilities.
Research – DHP Internship: From unhelpful to helpful: The role of Implementation-Intentions in a weight-loss intervention
Authors: Cook Erica , Gaitán Alfredo , Chater Angel 
Published: January 2023

Background: This research aimed to identify what barriers and resources obese individuals use within a theory-based weight loss intervention using the theory of Implementation-Intentions (Gollwitzer, 1993).MethodThe qualitative aspect of this study is part of a wider research project which addressed a total of 12 adult women who were clinically obese with a mean BMI of 34.50 (SD=4.91). All participants completed a person-centred ‘If-Then’ planning tool using categories relating to ‘people’, ‘places and things’, and ‘thoughts and feelings’, drawn from the NHS Health Trainer Manual (Michie et al. 2004).FindingsContent analysis revealed that negative emotions including depression, feeling lonely and boredom were the most common themes of triggers to overeating. Analysis also revealed how lack of structure was a key theme that also contributed to maladaptive eating patterns. Further to this it appears that the most common themes of resources to help counterbalance unhelpful factors that influence eating included simple activities such as painting and going for a walk.DiscussionThis study reveals that asking clients to draw on positive aspects of ‘people’, ‘thoughts and feelings’ and ‘places and things’ around them can act as a goodresource for overweight women to enhance both mood and weight loss. Suggestions are made for future self-help tools to consider how simple pleasures can counteract potential triggers to overeating and barriers to success
The impact of the London Olympic Games 2012 on physical activity, general health status, well–being and national identity: A quantitative survey based in Stratford, 2011 and 2012
Authors: Ogden Jane , Amirova Aliya , Brunger Helen , Hirst Yasemin , Jones Bridget , Pringle Andy , Wood Kerry , Senior Vicky 
Published: January 2023

AimsPoliticians and journalists have made many claims about the impact of the London Olympic Games 2012. The present study aimed to explore the impact of the Games on physical activity, general health status, well–being and national identity.MethodA survey was conducted in Stratford, London at two time points: October 2011 (N=366) and October 2012 (N=406).ResultsThe results showed no differences in actual or intended physical activity levels or positive mood from before to after the Games. In contrast to predictions, however, participants after the Games reported greater negative mood and lower perceived health status. In addition, although no overall changes in national identity were found, more Black participants reported that being British was important to them after the Games (77.8 per cent) compared to before (55.7 per cent).ConclusionThere was no evidence for the predicted increase in physical activity, health status or well–being after the Games. In fact, after a year both mood and perceived health status were lower than before. Black people, however, showed a stronger allegiance to their British national identity after the Games compared to before. The London Olympic Games 2012 appears not to have had the predicted positive impact on some aspects of health by one year. Perhaps, however, the multicultural mix of Team GB has had a positive impact of the sense of national identity on the multicultural population of Stratford.
…design and describe behaviour change interventions
Authors: Atkins Lou , Wood Caroline , Michie Susan 
Published: January 2023

To prevent illness, promote recovery and support optimal delivery of health care services, health psychologists need to design effective behaviour change interventions. This paper describes two recently launched resources available to health psychologists to guide the design of behaviour change interventions and specification of intervention content:(i) The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide to Designing Interventions.(ii) Online training in a method for specifying the active content of behaviour change interventions: The Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1).
Sexual knowledge, contraception and accessing contraceptive methods among university students
Authors: Turnbull Triece , van Schaik Paul , van Wersch Anna 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the sex education received by British university students and their perceptions of sex education received as well as their knowledge of contraception and accessing contraceptive methods.Design/Methodology/ApproachA survey questionnaire was constructed and completed by 128 university students from the north–east of England.FindingsThe findings revealed that the majority of respondents reported to not having received good sex education at school even though they reported having knowledge of contraception and how to access it. The majority of respondents were unsure about the types of contraception to use and where to get sexual health advice.Originality/ValueRecommendations are made on interventions that could increase the uptake of contraceptive services among university students, which is an area where there is lack of research.
A comparison of psychological and medical indices pre– and post–bariatric surgery: A pilot study
Authors: Moore-Groarke Gillian , O’Boyle Colm , Hayes Amy-Rose 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundBariatric surgery is an effective intervention in the morbidly obese to achieve marked weight loss and improve physical comorbidities, yet its impact on psych logical health has yet to be determined and requires ongoing longitudinal research. This study aims to examine the differences in nine psychological indices pre– and post–bariatric surgery.MethodsAll patients undergoing bariatric surgical intervention consented to a detailed psychological assessment immediately prior to surgery and at six months following the procedure. Measures assessed included Quality of Life, Self–esteem, Beck Depression, General Health, Hospital Anxiety and Depression, Coping Measures, Physical Complaints, Eating Attitudes and Profile of Moods.FindingsOf the psychological measures assessed, scales pertaining to quality of life, self-esteem, depression, general health and anxiety were all significantly improved post–operatively. There was no significant improvement in scales pertaining to coping, physical complaints, eating attitudes, or mood volatility after surgery.DiscussionThe results of this study suggest that psychosocial outcomes of bariatric surgery are largely positive, though this must be interpreted cautiously. This study also suggests the importance of follow–up psychological evaluation and education post–operatively.
‘It was hard to avoid the trend’: A qualitative exploration of the factors which influence young adults’ recreational e-cigarette use
Authors: Eleri Hawkes Rhiannon , Jenkinson Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundElectronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has climbed to 3.2 million in the UK. Research has estimated that approximately 100,000 e-cigarette users are never tobacco smokers, with use amongst 18 to 24-year old non-smokers at 0.7 per cent. However, there is a dearth of research which seeks to understand recreational use. This study aimed to investigate why non-smoking young adults may be influenced to use or experiment with e-cigarettes recreationally.MethodsAn online qualitative survey was distributed in the UK via social media. A total of 52 18 to 25-year olds (mean age 20.4 years, 62 per cent female) who used e-cigarettes recreationally and did not identify as regular cigarette/tobacco smokers answered open-ended questions about their e-cigarette use. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsE-cigarettes were described as a new trend, a social tool, a healthier alternative to socially smoking cigarettes, and a device used to portray identity and fashion, for entertainment, relaxation and leisure; akin to smartphone technology.ConclusionsTrend factors and the perceived benefits that e-cigarettes offered as a new technology were particularly valued by this younger group of users. This study adds a unique insight to the current literature on e-cigarette use behaviours for a sub-population of non-smokers who use or experiment with e-cigarettes.
Psychosocial barriers and facilitators concerning the dieting process when using the Slimming World programme
Authors: Haste Anna , Kılınç Stephanie 
Published: January 2023

Background:Overweight and obesity is a global concern due to increasing rates and the associated health risks. This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial barriers and facilitators involved in the Slimming World dieting process.Method:Six participants took part in interviews and diaries, which were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).Results:IPA led to the emergence of four themes, walking a tightrope, spiralling, external influences (two subthemes – interference and being part of a community) and a lifestyle not a diet. The facilitators appeared as support, becoming part of a community, acknowledgement of image change and positive mood, outlook and belief. Barriers emerged as interference, comparison to others, pressure to conform and negative mood, outlook and beliefs.Conclusion:Losing weight can be a long slow process where healthy eating needs to be incorporated as an integral element of a person’s lifestyle. Barriers and facilitators within the Slimming World dieting process have been identified. Further research in this area would be useful to develop interventions incorporating behaviour change techniques to reduce the identified barriers and reinforce the facilitators.
Cognitive behavioural therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy as management strategies for chronic pain
Authors: Zuhury Sebastian , Mason-Robbie Victoria , Walklet Elaine 
Published: January 2023

Background:Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that affects the individual in complex ways. However, it is a subjective experience that can be unresponsive to medical treatment, requiring psychological interventions to address its complex and multidimensional nature. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) are recommended, yet there is a need to further our understanding on how these management strategies are effective. The present review aims to improve our understanding of the role of CBT and ACT in the management of chronic pain.Method:A literature search was conducted using PsycInfo, Medline, and CINAHL complete, followed by a narrative synthesis and critical appraisal.Findings:CBT and ACT have beneficial effects across several domains of chronic pain, but methodological issues limit our understanding of how this is achieved.Discussion:Future research should focus more on how CBT and ACT lead to positive changes for people with chronic pain. Specifically, there is a need for more detailed explanations of how the interventions are designed. Also, a wider consideration of individual preferences (treatment goals and preferred outcomes) as a desired outcome, and the impact of therapist and group effects.
The self-presentation of commercial Australian life coaching schools: Cause for concern?
Authors: Grant Anthony M. , O’Hara Blythe 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:The study had four major objectives: (1) to identify the types of qualifications,certifications and accreditations offered by Australian life coaching schools; (2) to provide an overview of the advertised content and cost of life coach training courses; (3) to identify how life coaching schools differentiate between life coaching and mental health treatment; and (4) to explore the marketing statements made about courses, schools, owners and trainers.Design:This study employed a qualitative research design in which information on Australian life coaching school’s were drawn from their websites. Emergent themes were coded and analyses conducted on the basis of those themes.Methods:Following an internet search, the emergence of broad categories and themes related to the aims of the study were documented, leading to the identification of a group of core categories and a final process of comparison between schools.Results:Of the 14 Australian life coaching schools identified, six claimed to be International Coach Federation accredited and five offered courses under the Australian Qualifications Framework. Cost for courses varied between A$1070 and A$9990. Nine of the 14 schools made no explicit distinction between life coaching and treatment for mental health issues, and one school stated that life coaching could be used to deal with anxiety-related problems. Self-promotional statements about teachers and owners varied greatly from claims of university affiliations to prior experience as a cordon bleu chef. The claims made as to the earning potential of life coaches were not unrealistic.Conclusions:In general, the self-promotional statements of the Australian life coach training industry were flamboyant but only a few were considered outrageous. Recommendations made include that schools become Registered Training Organisations, that students check the claimed accreditations, academic affiliations of schools, and validity of qualifications and credentialing, and that schools make explicit the distinctions and boundaries between mental health treatment and life coaching.