bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation of Fe(III), Ni(II), and Pd(II) complexes derived from benzothiazole imidazolidin‐4‐ol ligand: Geometrical elucidation, theoretical calculation, and pharmaceutical studies
Authors: Abu‐Dief Ahmed M. , Said Musa A. , Elhady Omar , Al‐Abdulkarim Hessah A. , Alzahrani Seraj , Eskander Thomas Nady A. , El‐Remaily Mahmoud Abd El Aleem Ali Ali 
Published: June 2023

The synthesis of a simple, highly tunable, and effective BSI ligand, 2‐(benzothiazol‐2‐ylimino)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazol‐4‐ol, was presented. Three new coordinating substances of BSI ligand were synthesized. Various spectroscopic and analytical methods, including 1H NMR and 13C NMR, infrared (IR), ultraviolet–visible (UV‐vis), thermal conduction, and measures of magnetism, were used to clarify the structures of these compounds. A further examination of the compounds revealed an octahedral‐coordinating environment surrounding the Fe3+ ion, ([Fe(BSI)2(NO3)2](NO3·0.5H2O)) and Ni2+, ([Ni(BSI)2(NO3)2](H2O)2) cations and distorted square planner surrounding Pd2+, ([Pd(BSI)(COOCH3)2]H2O) cation. The cations under investigation were linked to the BSI ligand through the nitrogen of the thiazole ring and NH of the imidazole ring. The formed BSI complexes' thermal deterioration behavior was investigated. Calculated kinetic data for the examined complexes' various phases of deterioration supported their endothermic character. Using the Gaussian 09 software at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level, the equilibrium geometry of the ligands and their coordination complex has been studied by calculations using density functional theory (DFT). The suggested structures by DFT calculation are in good agreement with experimental data. The antibacterial effectiveness of the examined molecules against different types of bacteria and fungus reveals that the BSIPd complex (MIC = 2.25–4.75 μg/mL) has the greatest activity and is most comparable to the standard. The newly synthesized compounds were also tested against several cell lines using the MTT assay. The results are given as an IC50 value, where the Pd(II) complex values show the potential anticancer properties of the compound. Moreover, the inspected complexes showed significant cell growth inhibition activity (IC50 = 6.79–9.05 μg/mL), even higher than the standard anticancer drugs; cisplatin (IC50 = 18 μg/mL) versus breast carcinoma cells. This intriguing finding was verified by Swiss‐ADME and pharmacophore query calculations. In accordance with the actual findings, the in silico results showed that the free ligand's low activity increased when it complexed with the inspected metal ions.
Sea bed disturbance increases flat oyster recruitment for low to moderate stock densities
Authors: Cameron Tom C. , Baker Graham , Pullen Jim , Lown Alice E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

It has long been suggested by commercial fishing interests that the sea bed benefits from being trawled or disturbed. Evidence to support increased benthic food web productivity in areas disturbed by trawling has suggested that this is the case, and that some mobile consumers can benefit from this increased productivity.
The same hypothesis has been put forward for shellfish recruitment, that disturbance of the sea bed, e.g. ‘harrowing’, increases the exposure of suitable settlement substrates for shellfish larvae. This is an approach often taken in shellfish mariculture in private fisheries, and has led to calls for support of expanding such activities into publicly managed areas to promote shellfish recovery and restoration.
Increased seabed disturbance, however, may not align with conservation policy or societal objectives for natural recovery of the seabed landscape. Furthermore, evidence for increased shellfish recruitment from seabed disturbance is mixed, and many attempts to elucidate whether relationships exist receive criticism for operating at small spatial and temporal scales.
An analysis is presented from 3 years of data (2016–2018) from a stock survey of a private European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, fishery operating in the Blackwater estuary, Essex, UK. Using data for adult and recruit oyster abundance and distribution in 2018, with ‘harrowing’ effort from 2016–2018, it is asked whether oyster recruitment was related to disturbance effort.
It was found that oyster recruitment is positively related to increased seabed disturbance, but only up to intermediate adult oyster abundance equivalent to 60 oysters/100 m dredge, beyond which harrowing results in recruitment declines. This has implications for approaches to oyster fishery recovery, but also for restoration projects seeking evidence‐led guidance on which ways may be appropriate to kick‐start natural recovery in historical oyster areas that are habitat limited.
Mechanobiology of human pisiform formation as a model for endochondral ossification
Authors: Bhramdat Henna D. , Daegling David J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe role of mechanical stimuli in promoting endochondral ossification during somatic growth and maturation remains an active area of research. This study employs a pisiform model of endochondral ossification to investigate the potential role of mechanobiological signals in the appearance and development of ossification centers and to develop theoretical applications to the primate basicranium. We constructed finite element models based on the structure of a human pisiform within the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon. The pisiform was assigned initial material properties of hyaline cartilage, and tendon properties were based on in situ observations drawn from the literature. A macaque growth model was used to simulate increased load over time as a function of body mass. A load case of uniaxial tension from the tendon was applied over 208 iterations, to simulate weekly growth over a 4‐year span. The mechanical signal was defined as shear stress. Element stresses were evaluated in each iteration, with elements exceeding the yield threshold subsequently assigned a higher elastic modulus to mimic mechanically driven mineralization. Three unique mineralization rates were tested. Regardless of rate, all ossification simulations predict a pisiform with heterogeneous stiffness through alternating periods of material stasis and active mineralization/ossification. Assuming metabolic processes underlying endochondral ossification are similar throughout the body, our model suggests that a mechanical signal alone is an insufficient stimulus in the etiology of bone formation through endochondral ossification. Consequently, given the general validity of the simulation, endochondral ossification cannot be fully explained in terms of mechanical stimuli.
Targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of novel N1‐(benzo[d]oxazol‐2‐yl)‐N4‐arylidine compounds
Authors: Zawal Amira G. , Abdel‐Aziz Marwa M. , El‐Shanawani Abdalla A. , Abdel‐Aziz Lobna M. , Taha Mohamed , Simons Claire , Elbaramawi Samar S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of novel antimycobacterial agents is an urgent challenge to eradicate the increasing emergence and rapid spread of multidrug‐resistant strains. Filamentous temperature‐sensitive protein Z (FtsZ) is a crucial cell division protein. Alteration of FtsZ assembly leads to cell division inhibition and cell death. To find novel antimycobacterial agents, a series of N1‐(benzo[d]oxazol‐2‐yl)‐N4‐arylidine compounds 5a–o were synthesized. The activity of the compounds was evaluated against drug‐sensitive, multidrug‐resistant, and extensive‐drug‐resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Compounds 5b, 5c, 5l, 5m, and 5o showed promising antimycobacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in the range of 0.48–1.85 µg/mL and with low cytotoxicity against human nontumorigenic lung fibroblast WI‐38 cells. The activity of the compounds 5b, 5c, 5l, 5m, and 5o was evaluated against bronchitis causing‐bacteria. They exhibited good activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumonia, and Bordetella pertussis. Molecular dynamics simulations of Mtb FtsZ protein‐ligand complexes identified the interdomain site as the binding site and key interactions. ADME prediction indicated that the synthesized compounds have drug‐likeness. The density function theory studies of 5c, 5l, and 5n were performed to investigate E/Z isomerization. Compounds 5c and 5l are present as E‐isomers and 5n as an E/Z mixture. Our experimental outcomes provide an auspicious lead for the design of more selective and potent antimycobacterial drugs.
Privacy‐preserving distributed projected one‐point bandit online optimization over directed graphs
Authors: Wei Mengli , Yang Zhiqiang , Ji Qiutong , Zhao Zhongyuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe distributed online optimization (DOO) problem with privacy‐preserving properties over multiple agents is considered in this paper, where the network model is built by a strongly connected directed graph. To solve this problem, a stochastic bandit DOO algorithm based on differential privacy is proposed. This algorithm uses row‐ and column‐stochastic matrix as the weighting matrices, the requirement of the double random weighting matrix is released. To handle the unknown objective function, the one‐point bandit is used to estimate the true gradient information, and the estimated gradient information is used to update of decision variables. Different from the existing DOO algorithms that ignore privacy issues, this algorithm successfully protects the privacy of nodes through a differential privacy policy. Theoretical results show that the algorithm can not only achieve sublinear regret bounds but also protect the privacy of nodes. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Strategic energy flows in input‐output relations: A temporal multilayer approach
Authors: Clemente Gian Paolo , Cornaro Alessandra , Grassi Rosanna , Rizzini Giorgio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe energy consumption, the transfer of resources through the international trade, the transition towards renewable energies and the environmental sustainability appear as key drivers in order to evaluate the resilience of the energy systems. Concerning the consumptions, in the literature a great attention has been paid to direct energy, but the production of goods and services also involves indirect energy. Hence, in this work we consider different types of embodied energy sources and the time evolution of the sectors' and countries' interactions. Flows are indeed used to construct a directed and weighted temporal multilayer network based respectively on renewable and non‐renewable sources, where sectors are nodes and layers are countries. We provide a methodological approach for analysing the network reliability and resilience and for identifying critical sectors and economies in the system by applying the Multi‐Dimensional HITS algorithm. Then, we evaluate central arcs in the network at each time period by proposing a novel topological indicator based on the maximum flow problem. In this way, we provide a full view of economies, sectors and connections that play a relevant role over time in the network and whose removal could heavily affect the stability of the system. We provide a numerical analysis based on the embodied energy flows among countries and sectors in the period from 1990 to 2016. Results prove that the methods are effective in catching the different patterns between renewable and non‐renewable energy sources.
Enhancement of astaxanthin production from food waste by Phaffia rhodozyma screened by flow cytometry and feed application potential
Authors: Lai Jing‐Xian , Liu Wan‐Ping , Bu Jie , Chen Xiong , Hu Bin‐Bin , Zhu Ming‐Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAstaxanthin is widely used in food, aquaculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals due to its strong antioxidant activity and coloring ability, but its production from Phaffia rhodozyma remains the main challenge due to the high fermentation cost and low content of carotenoid. In this study, the production of carotenoids from food waste (FW) by a P. rhodozyma mutant was investigated. P. rhodozyma mutant screened by UV mutagenesis and flow cytometry could stably produce high carotenoids at 25°C, with carotenoid production (32.9 mg/L) and content (6.7 mg/g), respectively, increasing by 31.6% and 32.3% compared with 25 mg/L and 5.1 mg/g of wild strain. Interestingly, the carotenoid production reached 192.6 mg/L by feeding wet FW, which was 21% higher than batch culture. The 373 g vacuum freeze‐dried products were obtained from the fermentation of 1 kg FW by P. rhodozyma, which contained 784 mg carotenoids and 111 mg astaxanthin. The protein, total amino acids, and essential amino acids content of the fermentation products were 36.6%, 40.5%, and 18.2% (w/w), respectively, and lysine‐added fermentation products had the potential of high‐quality protein feed source. This study provides insights for the high‐throughput screening of mutants, astaxanthin production, and the development of the feed potential of FW.
Angiotensin II type 2 receptor as a novel activator of brown adipose tissue in obesity
Authors: Alvarez‐Gallego Fabiola , González‐Blázquez Raquel , Gil‐Ortega Marta , Somoza Beatriz , Calderón‐Dominguez María , Moratinos Javier , Garcia‐Garcia Virginia , Fernández Paloma , González‐Moreno Daniel , Viana Marta , Alcalá Martín 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) exerts vasorelaxant, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In obesity, its activation counterbalances the adverse cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II mediated by the AT1R. Preliminary results indicate that it also promotes brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Our hypothesis is that AT2R activation could increase BAT mass and activity in obesity. Five‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard or a high‐fat (HF) diet for 6 weeks. Half of the animals were treated with compound 21 (C21), a selective AT2R agonist, (1 mg/kg/day) in the drinking water. Electron transport chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation, and UCP1 proteins were measured in the interscapular BAT (iBAT) and thoracic perivascular adipose tissue (tPVAT) as well as inflammatory and oxidative parameters. Differentiation and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in the presence of C21 was tested in brown preadipocytes. In vitro, C21‐differentiated brown adipocytes showed an AT2R‐dependent increase of differentiation markers (Ucp1, Cidea, Pparg) and increased basal and H+ leak‐linked OCR. In vivo, HF‐C21 mice showed increased iBAT mass compared to HF animals. Both their iBAT and tPVAT showed higher protein levels of the ETC protein complexes and UCP1, together with a reduction of inflammatory and oxidative markers. The activation of the AT2R increases BAT mass, mitochondrial activity, and reduces markers of tissue inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity. Therefore, insulin reduction and better vascular responses are achieved. Thus, the activation of the protective arm of the renin–angiotensin system arises as a promising tool in the treatment of obesity.
Evidence for a memory advantage for prosocial behaviors
Authors: Urban Levy Pauline , Sklenar Allison M. , Frankenstein Andrea N. , Leshikar Eric D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrior work in the memory domain has shown that certain social information is especially well‐remembered such as information for social targets who cheat. Less work, however, has investigated the extent people remember information for social targets who engage in prosocial behaviors (e.g., helping) in social interactions. The current investigation examines whether there is a memory advantage for social targets who perform prosocial behaviors.MethodsAcross two experiments, participants formed impressions of social targets engaging in prosocial and non‐prosocial behaviors. Participants were then tested on their memory for the impression as well as the specific behavior each social target performed.ResultsResults of Experiment 1 showed that memory for impressions was better for social targets engaging in prosocial compared to non‐prosocial behaviors. Results of Experiment 2 showed marginally better behavior memory for targets performing prosocial compared to non‐prosocial behaviors.ConclusionOverall, results of both experiments provide converging evidence of a prosocial advantage in memory, which suggests that people are attuned to prosocial behaviors exhibited by others in the social domain.
Enhancing viability and angiogenic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells via HSP90α and HSP27 regulation based on ROS stimulation for wound healing
Authors: Seo Inwoo , Kim Sung‐Won , Hyun Jiyu , Kim Yu‐Jin , Park Hyun Su , Yoon Jeong‐Kee , Bhang Suk Ho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLight‐based therapy has been reported as a potential preconditioning strategy to induce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling and improve the angiogenic properties of various types of cells. However, bio‐stimulation mechanisms of light therapy in terms of ROS‐heat shock proteins (HSPs) mediated anti‐apoptotic and angiogenic pathways in human adult stem cells have not been fully delineated yet. Commonly used light sources such as light‐emitting diode (LED) and laser are accompanied by drawbacks, such as phototoxicity, thermal damage, and excessive ROS induction, so the role and clinical implications of light‐induced HSPs need to be investigated using a heat‐independent light source. Here, we introduced organic LED (OLED) at 610 nm wavelength as a new light source to prevent thermal effects from interfering with the expression of HSPs. Our results showed that light therapy using OLED significantly upregulated anti‐apoptotic and angiogenic factors in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at both gene and protein levels via the activation of HSP90α and HSP27, which were stimulated by ROS. In a mouse wound‐closing model, rapid recovery and improved re‐epithelization were observed in the light‐treated hMSCs transplant group. This study demonstrates that the upregulation of Akt (protein kinase B)‐nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) signaling, caused by HSP90α and HSP27 expression, is the mechanism behind the anti‐apoptotic and angiogenic effects of OLED treatment on stem cells.
Thermosensitive hydrogel‐based GPR124 delivery strategy for rebuilding blood‐spinal cord barrier
Authors: Shu Jiawei , Wang Chenggui , Tao Yiqing , Wang Shaoke , Cheng Feng , Zhang Yuang , Shi Kesi , Xia Kaishun , Wang Ronghao , Wang Jingkai , Yu Chao , Chen Jiangjie , Huang Xianpeng , Xu Haibin , Zhou Xiaopeng , Wu Haobo , Liang Chengzhen , Chen Qixin , Yan Shigui , Li Fangcai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) causes blood‐spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption, leading to secondary damage, such as hemorrhagic infiltration, inflammatory response, and neuronal cell death. It is of great significance to rebuild the BSCB at the early stage of SCI to alleviate the secondary injury for better prognosis. Yet, current research involved in the reconstruction of BSCB is insufficient. Accordingly, we provide a thermosensitive hydrogel‐based G protein‐coupled receptor 124 (GPR124) delivery strategy for rebuilding BSCB. Herein, we firstly found that the expression of GPR124 decreased post‐SCI and demonstrated that treatment with recombinant GPR124 could partially alleviate the disruption of BSCB post‐SCI by restoring tight junctions (TJs) and promoting migration and tube formation of endothelial cells. Interestingly, GPR124 could also boost the energy metabolism of endothelial cells. However, the absence of physicochemical stability restricted the wide usage of GPR124. Hence, we fabricated a thermosensitive heparin‐poloxamer (HP) hydrogel that demonstrated sustained GPR124 production and maintained the bioactivity of GPR124 (HP@124) for rebuilding the BSCB and eventually enhancing functional motor recovery post‐SCI. HP@124 hydrogel can encapsulate GPR124 at the lesion site by injection, providing prolonged release, preserving wounded tissues, and filling injured tissue cavities. Consequently, it induces synergistically efficient integrated regulation by blocking BSCB rupture, decreasing fibrotic scar formation, minimizing inflammatory response, boosting remyelination, and regenerating axons. Mechanistically, giving GPR124 activates energy metabolism via elevating the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2), and eventually restores the poor state of endothelial cells. This research demonstrated that early intervention by combining GPR124 with bioactive multifunctional hydrogel may have tremendous promise for restoring locomotor recovery in patients with central nervous system disorders, in addition to a translational approach for the medical therapy of SCI.
Impact of thoracic tumor radiotherapy on survival in non‐small‐cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion treated with targeted therapy: Propensity score matching study
Authors: Li Qingsong , Hu Cheng , Su Shengfa , Ma Zhu , Geng Yichao , Hu Yinxiang , Jin Haijie , Li Huiqin , Lu Bing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEGFR‐mutant (EGFR‐M) and ALK‐positive (ALK‐P)are common in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) with metastatic non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (MPE‐NSCLC). The impact of thoracic tumor radiotherapy on survival in such patients remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether thoracic tumor radiotherapy could improve overall survival (OS) in such patients.MethodsAccording to whether or not patients accepted thoracic tumor radiotherapy, 148 patients with EGFR‐M or ALK‐P MPE‐NSCLC treated with targeted therapy were classified into two groups: DT group without thoracic tumor radiotherapy and DRT group with thoracic tumor radiotherapy. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance clinical baseline characteristics. Overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier, compared by log‐rank test, and evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsMedian survival time (MST) was 25 months versus 17 months in the DRT group and DT group. The OS rates at 1, 2, 3, 5 years in the DRT group and DT group were 75.0%, 52.8%, 26.8%, 11.1% and 64.5%, 28.4%, 9.2%, 1.8%, respectively (χ2 = 12.028, p = 0.001). Compared with DT group, the DRT group still had better survival after PSM (p = 0.007). Before and after PSM, factors associated with better OS through multivariable analysis were that thoracic tumor radiotherapy, radiotherapy, N0‐2, and ALK‐TKIs. Grades 4–5 radiation toxicities were not observed in patients; 8 (11.6%) and 7 (10.1%) out of the DRT group suffered from Grade 3 radiation esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis, respectively.ConclusionOur results for EGFR‐M or ALK‐P MPE‐NSCLC showed that thoracic tumor radiotherapy may be crucial factor in improving OS with acceptable toxicities. Potential biases should not be neglected: Further randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm this result.