bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What does receiving autism diagnosis in adulthood look like? Stakeholders’ experiences and inputs
Authors: Ghanouni Parisa , Seaker Liam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The age of diagnosis is crucial for optimal health outcomes; however, some individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may not be diagnosed until adulthood. Limited information is available about the lived experience of receiving a diagnosis during adulthood. Thus, we aimed to investigate stakeholders’ experiences about the ASD diagnosis during adulthood.

Method
We interviewed 18 individuals including 13 adults with ASD who had received a late diagnosis during adulthood and 5 parents of individuals with ASD from various Canadian provinces.

Results
Using a thematic analysis, three main themes emerged: (a) noticing differences and similarities, (b) hindering elements to diagnosis, and (c) emotional response to diagnostic odyssey.

Conclusion
This study adds to the literature about experiences of receiving ASD diagnosis in adulthood. Given the impact of diagnosis on individuals, it is important to minimize the barriers to ensure individuals who require ASD-related supports can access them in a timely and effective manner. This study highlights the importance of receiving an ASD diagnosis and facilitates positive health outcomes. The findings from the current study can be used to guide adult diagnostic processes and practices to help make ASD diagnosis more accessible.
Long-term evaluation of viability of microfilariae and intravenously transplanted adult Dirofilaria immitis in microfilaremic dogs treated with low-dose, short- and long-treatment regimens of doxycycline and ivermectin
Authors: McCall John Wilson , Mansour Abdelmoneim , DiCosty Utami , Fricks Crystal , McCall Scott , Dzimianski Michael Timothy , Carson Ben 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Microfilarial (mf) counts were monitored over 21.3 months for any rebound that might occur in counts, and adulticidal efficacy was assessed following administration of low dosage with short- and long-treatment regimens of doxycycline and ivermectin to heartworm-microfilaremic dogs.

Methods
Twelve heartworm-naïve beagles infected with 10 pairs of adult Dirofilaria immitis by intravenous transplantation were randomly allocated to three groups of four dogs. All treatments started on day 0. On day 0, Group 1 (short-treatment regimen) received doxycycline orally at 10 mg/kg once daily for 30 days plus ivermectin orally (minimum, 6 mcg/kg) on days 0 and 30. Group 2 (long-treatment regimen) received doxycycline orally at 10 mg/kg once daily until individual dogs became mf-negative (72–98 days) and ivermectin every other week until individual dogs became mf-negative (6–7 doses). Group 3 was the untreated control. Mf counts and antigen (Ag) tests were conducted. Dogs were necropsied for recovery and enumeration of heartworms on day 647.

Results
Day −1 mean mf counts were 15,613, 23,950, and 15,513 mf/ml for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Mean counts for Groups 1 and 2 declined until days 239 and 97, respectively, when all were negative. Group 3 had high mf counts throughout the study. There was not a rebound in mf counts in any of the treated dogs after they became amicrofilaremic. All dogs in group 1 and group 3 were Ag-positive throughout the study and had at least one live female worm at necropsy. All dogs in treated Group 2 were positive for Ag through day 154, but were antigen-negative on days 644 and 647, as all had only male worms. Mean live adult worm recoveries for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 6.8 (range, 5–8), 3.3 (range, 1–6), and 16.0 (range, 14–17), respectively, with a percent reduction in adult worm counts of 57.5% for Group 1 and 79.3% for Group 2.

Conclusions
These data lend support to the use of the American Heartworm Society Canine Guidelines for adulticide therapy recommending the initiation of doxycycline plus a macrocyclic lactone (ML) at the time of the heartworm-positive diagnosis.

Graphical Abstract
Contribution of CKD to mortality in middle-aged and elderly people with diabetes: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Liao Xihong , Shi Ke , Zhang Yumeng , Huang Xiaoxu , Wang Ning , Zhang Ling , Zhao Xiaohuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The contribution of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to mortality in diabetic patients is unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between diabetics with CKD and mortality in middle-aged and elderly people of different ages.

Methods
Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, including 1,715 diabetic individuals, 13.1% of whom also had CKD. Diabetes and CKD were assessed by combining the physical measurements and self-reports. We fitted Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the effect of diabetics with CKD on mortality in middle-aged and elderly people. The risk factors for death were further predicted based on age stratification.

Results
The mortality rate of diabetic patients with CKD (29.3%) was increased as compared to that of diabetic patients without CKD (12.4%). Diabetics with CKD were at a higher risk of all-cause mortality than those without CKD, with a hazard ratio of 1.921 (95% CI: 1.438, 2.566). Additionally, for participants 45 to 67 years of age, the hazard ratio was 2.530 (95% CI: 1.624, 3.943).

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that, for diabetics, CKD was a chronic stressor that led to death in middle-aged and elderly people, especially among participants aged 45 to 67 years.
Ventilation dynamics using a portable device coupled to the six-minute walk test in people with long-COVID syndrome: a preliminary study
Authors: Oliveira Jéssica Gabriela Messias , Campos Renan Pereira , Azevedo Beatriz Luiza Pinheiro Alves , de Alegria Samantha Gomes , Litrento Patrícia Frascari , Mafort Thiago Thomaz , Lopes Agnaldo José 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigated the dynamic ventilatory responses and their influence on functional exercise capacity in patients with long-COVID-19 syndrome (LCS).

Results
Sixteen LCS patients were subjected to resting lung function (spirometry and respiratory oscillometry-RO) and cardiopulmonary performance to exercise (Spiropalm®-equipped six-minute walk test-6MWT and cardiopulmonary exercise test-CPX). At rest, spirometry showed a normal, restrictive and obstructive pattern in 87.5%, 6.25% and 6.25% of participants, respectively. At rest, RO showed increased resonance frequency, increased integrated low-frequency reactance and increased difference between resistance at 4–20 Hz (R4-R20) in 43.7%, 50%, and 31.2% of participants, respectively. The median of six-minute walking distance (DTC6) was 434 (386–478) m, which corresponds to a value of 83% (78–97%) of predicted. Dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and reduced breathing reserve (BR) were detected in 62.5% and 12.5% of participants, respectively. At CPX, the median peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was 19 (14–37) ml/kg/min. There was a significant correlation of 6MWD with both R4-R20 (rs=-0.499, P = 0.039) and VO2peak (rs=0.628, P = 0.009). Our results indicate that DH and low BR are contributors to poor exercise performance, which is associated with peripheral airway disease. These are promising results considering that they were achieved with simple, portable ventilatory and metabolic systems.
The anticancer effect of recombinant LukS-PV protein and silver nanoparticles loaded with this protein
Authors: Haghighatafshar Hafizeh , Golestani Eimani Bahram , Moazamian Elham , Amani Jafar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLukS-PV is a component of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) and is secreted by Staphylococcus aureus. Silver nanoparticles exhibit considerable potential as anticancer agents and drug delivery systems. Drug delivery is a way to deliver medicinal combinations to achieve a beneficial therapeutic effect. In the current study, recombinant LukS-PV protein-loaded silver nanoparticles were prepared and their cytotoxicity effect was analyzed on human breast cancer cells and human normal embryonic kidneys cells by MTT assay. Apoptosis was investigated by staining with Annexin V/propidium iodide. The recombinant LukS-PV protein-loaded silver nanoparticles showed dose‐dependent cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis in the MCF7 cells and had a lesser effect on HEK293 cells. After 24 h exposure to the recombinant LukS-PV protein-loaded silver nanoparticles (IC50), Annexin V-FITC/PI FCM revealed that 33.2% of MCF7 cells were apoptotic. In conclusion, recombinant LukS-PV protein-loaded silver nanoparticles probably cannot be a better alternative for the targeted healing approaches to cancer therapies. Hence, it is suggested that silver nanoparticles could be utilized as a delivery system for releasing toxins into cancer cells.
The genomic signature of resistance to platinum-containing neoadjuvant therapy based on single-cell data
Authors: Sui Qihai , Hu Zhengyang , Jin Xing , Bian Yunyi , Liang Jiaqi , Zhang Huan , Yang Huiqiang , Lin Zongwu , Wang Qun , Zhan Cheng , Chen Zhencong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) becomes the first-line option for advanced tumors, while patients who are not sensitive to it may not benefit. Therefore, it is important to screen patients suitable for NACT.MethodsSingle-cell data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) before and after cisplatin-containing (CDDP) NACT and cisplatin IC50 data of tumor cell lines were analyzed to establish a CDDP neoadjuvant chemotherapy score (NCS). Differential analysis, GO, KEGG, GSVA and logistic regression models were performed by R. Survival analysis were applied to public databases. siRNA knockdown in A549, PC9, TE1 cell lines, qRT-PCR, western-blot, cck8 and EdU experiments were used for further verification in vitro.Results485 genes were expressed differentially in tumor cells before and after neoadjuvant treatment for LUAD and ESCC. After combining the CDDP-associated genes, 12 genes, CAV2, PHLDA1, DUSP23, VDAC3, DSG2, SPINT2, SPATS2L, IGFBP3, CD9, ALCAM, PRSS23, PERP, were obtained and formed the NCS score. The higher the score, the more sensitive the patients were to CDDP-NACT. The NCS divided LUAD and ESCC into two groups. Based on differentially expressed genes, a model was constructed to predict the high and low NCS. CAV2, PHLDA1, ALCAM, CD9, IGBP3 and VDAC3 were significantly associated with prognosis. Finally, we demonstrated that the knockdown of CAV2, PHLDA1 and VDAC3 in A549, PC9 and TE1 significantly increased the sensitivity to cisplatin.ConclusionsNCS scores and related predictive models for CDDP-NACT were developed and validated to assist in selecting patients who might benefit from it.
Color difference for shade determination with visual and instrumental methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Morsy Noha , Holiel Ahmed A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Shade determination is a critical step for the fabrication of a satisfactory restoration. Visual shade selection with conventional shade guides is subjective and influenced by variables related to light, observer, and object. Shade selection devices have been introduced to provide subjective and quantitative shade values. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the color difference for shade selection with visual and instrumental methods.

Methods
An initial search was conducted on databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) in addition to a manual search through references of identified articles. Studies comparing the accuracy of visual and instrumental shade selection based on ΔΕ were included in data synthesis. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the effect size for global and subgroup meta-analysis using the inverse variance weighted method and random-effects model (P ˂ 0.05). Results were presented as forest plots.

Results
The authors identified 1776 articles from the initial search. Seven in vivo studies were included in the qualitative analysis of which six studies were included in the meta-analysis. For the global meta-analysis, the pooled mean (95% CI) was − 1.10 (− 1.92, − 0.27). Test for overall effect showed that instrumental methods were significantly more accurate than visual methods with significantly less ΔΕ (P = 0.009). Test for subgroup difference showed that the type of instrumental shade selection method used had a significant effect on accuracy (P ˂ 0.001). Instrumental methods including spectrophotometer, digital camera, and smartphone showed significantly better accuracy compared with visual shade selection (P ˂ 0.05). The greatest mean difference was found between the smartphone and visual method with a mean (95% CI) of − 2.98 (− 3.37, − 2.59) with P ˂ 0.001 followed by digital camera and spectrophotometer. There was no significant difference in accuracy between IOS and visual shade selection (P = 1.00).

Conclusions
Instrumental shade selection with a spectrophotometer, digital camera, and smartphone showed significantly better shade matching compared with a conventional shade guide, whereas IOS did not improve the shade matching significantly compared with shade guides.

Review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022356545
Experiences of parents of children with rare neurogenetic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Martin Jessica A. , Robertson Kathryn , Richards Caroline , Scerif Gaia , Baker Kate , Tye Charlotte 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted parental and child mental health and wellbeing in the UK. This study aimed to explore the experiences of parents of children with rare neurological and neurodevelopmental conditions with a known or suspected genetic cause (neurogenetic) across the first year of the pandemic in the UK.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 parents of children with rare neurogenetic conditions. Parents were recruited via opportunity sampling from the CoIN Study, a longitudinal quantitative study exploring the impact of the pandemic on the mental health and wellbeing of families with rare neurogenetic conditions. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.ResultsFour main themes were identified: (1) “A varied impact on child wellbeing: from detrimental to ‘no big drama’”; (2) “Parental mental health and wellbeing: impact, changes, and coping”; (3) “'The world had shut its doors and that was that’: care and social services during the pandemic”; and (4) “Time and luck: abstract concepts central to parents’ perspectives of how they coped during the pandemic”. The majority of parents described experiencing an exacerbation of pre-pandemic challenges due to increased uncertainty and a lack of support, with a minority reporting positive effects of the pandemic on family wellbeing.ConclusionsThese findings offer a unique insight into the experiences parents of children with rare neurogenetic conditions across the first year of the pandemic in the UK. They highlight that the experiences of parents were not pandemic-specific, and will continue to be highly relevant in a non-pandemic context. Future support should to be tailored to the needs of families and implemented across diverse future scenarios to promote coping and positive wellbeing.
The environmental factors affecting the archaeological buildings in Egypt, “IV deterioration by synergistic marine effects”
Authors: El-Gohary Mohamed A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the marine effects that affect Qait Bey Fortress in Alexandria—Egypt. It presents the results of scientific studies and examinations to evaluate the deterioration conditions that affected archaeological buildings in the marine environment. In Alexandria, many monumental sites and stone buildings have suffered from many aggressive factors of deterioration (mechanical, chemical, and biological), which have caused great harmful appearances and threatened to eradicate them. These effects include the chemical actions resulting from seawater and marine aerosol and the mechanical actions of water waves. (Qait Bey Fortress), as a case study, was periodically investigated by many scientific techniques over five years to check its decay conditions and to define the most suitable conservation approaches and non-destructive methods for preservation. Different techniques and examinations were carried out to evaluate the current deterioration state of the fortress. For example, XRD analysis and PM investigation were used to study the mineralogical compositions, lithotype, and petrographic characteristics of the stone samples. SEM was used to investigate the morphological features of the same samples. AAS was also used for studying the chemical constituents of seawater samples. In addition, microbiological investigations were conducted to evaluate the colored hard crusts that affected the stone surfaces in the fortress. Our results proved that severe deterioration factors influenced the fortress by collaborating with chemical, mechanical, and biological mechanisms. These mechanisms caused several manifestations, such as abrasion and attrition, crystallizing of salt species, mortar desegregation, pitting and minerals’ honeycomb (Alveolar), color changes, in addition to the accumulation of black and colored biogenic hard crusts composed of numerous tightly adjoining pits of several centimeters. Crusts, such as yellow to bluish green, resulted from P. aeruginosa and granular appearance having brownish ting in the center resulted from P. clacis. In addition, other pigmented features resulted from Bacillus firmus and Bacillus atrophaeus. The presence of some black and dark color crusts was attributed to the growth of some fungal species, such as A. niger, A. phoenicis, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Alternaria alternata.
Community engagement group model in basic and biomedical research: lessons learned from the BEAT-HIV Delaney Collaboratory towards an HIV-1 cure
Authors: Dubé Karine , Peterson Beth , Jones Nora L. , Onorato Amy , Carter William B. , Dannaway Christine , Johnson Steven , Hayes Roy , Hill Marcus , Maddox Rease , Riley James L. , Shull Jane , Metzger David , Montaner Luis J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAchieving effective community engagement has been an objective of U.S. National Institutes of Health-funded HIV research efforts, including participation of persons with HIV. Community Advisory Boards (CABs) have remained the predominant model for community engagement since their creation in 1989. As HIV cure-directed research efforts have grown into larger academic-industry partnerships directing resources toward both basic and clinical research under the Martin Delaney Collaboratories (MDC), community input models have also evolved. The BEAT-HIV MDC Collaboratory, based at The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, United States, implemented a three-part model for community engagement that has shown success in providing greater impact for community engagement across basic, biomedical, and social sciences research efforts.DiscussionIn this paper, we review the case study of the formation of the BEAT-HIV Community Engagement Group (CEG) model, starting with the historical partnership between The Wistar Institute as a basic research center and Philadelphia FIGHT as a not-for-profit community-based organization (CBO), and culminating with the growth of community engagement under the BEAT-HIV MDC. Second, we present the impact of a cooperative structure including a Community Advisory Board (CAB), CBO, and researchers through the BEAT-HIV CEG model, and highlight collaborative projects that demonstrate the potential strengths, challenges, and opportunities of this model. We also describe challenges and future opportunities for the use of the CEG model.ConclusionsOur CEG model integrating a CBO, CAB and scientists could help move us towards the goal of effective, equitable and ethical engagement in HIV cure-directed research. In sharing our lessons learned, challenges and growing pains, we contribute to the science of community engagement into biomedical research efforts with an emphasis on HIV cure-directed research. Our documented experience with implementing the CEG supports greater discussion and independent implementation efforts for this model to engage communities into working teams in a way we find a meaningful, ethical, and sustainable model in support of basic, clinical/biomedical, social sciences and ethics research.
Prediction of risk of ischemic heart disease in first-diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus patients in taiwan: is air pollution exposure a risk factor?
Authors: Chen Pei-Yun , Tsan Yu-Tse , Yang Chao-Tung , Lee Yun-Mei , Chen Li-Li , Ho Wen-Chao , Lu Shu-Hua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Air pollution is a key public health factor with the capacity to induce diseases. The risk of ischemia heart disease (IHD) in those suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from air pollution exposure is ambiguous. This study aimed to: (1) determine the hazard ratio (HR) of IHD after the first-diagnosed SLE and (2) examine the effects of air pollution exposure on IHD in SLE for 12 years.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study. Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database and Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring data were used in the study. Cases first diagnosed with SLE in 2006 cases without IHD were recruited as the SLE group. We randomly selected an additional sex-matched non-SLE cohort, four times the size of the SLE cohort, as the control group. Air pollution indices by residence city per period were calculated as the exposure. Life tables and Cox proportional risk models of time-dependent covariance were used in the research.

Results
This study identified patients for the SLE group (n = 4,842) and the control group (n = 19,368) in 2006. By the end of 2018, the risk of IHD was significantly higher in the SLE group than in the control group, and risks peaked between the 6th and 9th year. The HR of incidence IHD in the SLE group was 2.42 times that of the control group. Significant correlations with risk of developing IHD were noted for sex, age, CO, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5, of which PM10 exposure had the highest risk of IHD incidence.

Conclusions
Subjects with SLE were at a higher risk of IHD, especially those in the 6th to 9th year after SLE diagnosis. The advanced cardiac health examinations and health education plan should be recommended for SLE patients before the 6th year after SLE diagnosed.