bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Floquet Topological Phases in a Photonic Simple Lattice upon On‐Site Drives
Authors: Wang Zhaoyuan , Huang Xiaoqin , Kang Qianqian , Li Jiaxin , Gong Zeyu , Hu Yi , Chen Zhigang , Xu Jingjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFloquet engineering provides an amazing way to reshape materials from topologically trivial to non‐trivial phases by exerting periodic drives. Among its vast investigations spanning various physical systems, the toolkit via driving on‐site potentials only is rarely employed. Here, a Floquet protocol that switches a simple lattice into a non‐trivial topological phase merely by driving its on‐site potentials is proposed. Non‐trivial topology arises from unpaired Floquet drives. Topological zero‐quasienergy states are found at boundaries between non‐trivial and trivial structures, being protected by sublattice symmetry. These states are experimentally demonstrated in a photonic platform. This approach can be extended to unveil more novel topological phenomena as well as to endow non‐trivial properties to a host of materials.
Creating a merger option to strategically prevent a merger among suppliers or customers
Authors: Wu Lezhen , Gu Dingwei , Yao Zhiyong , Zhou Wen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is well‐established in the literature that a horizontal merger in a supply chain is profitable (or beneficial to firms at another tier) if the merger synergy exceeds some threshold referred to as the profitable (or beneficial) threshold. Our paper goes one step further by finding that the profitable threshold is always lower than the beneficial threshold, which implies that a firm may have an incentive to prevent a horizontal merger between its suppliers or customers, but never wants to precipitate one. Moreover, we propose a strategy to achieve the preventive goal—a firm can develop an instrumental merger option with another rival firm, which can help prevent the target merger in one of two ways. First, if the synergy of the instrumental merger is high relative to the synergy of the target merger, the firm can carry out the instrumental merger—even an unprofitable one—preemptively to make the target merger unprofitable. Second, if the synergy of the target merger is not too high and the synergy of the instrumental merger is moderate, that is, the instrumental merger is profitable and will inflict severe harm on the firms in the target merger, the firm can reserve the instrumental merger option as a deterrent and the profitable target merger is deterred. An interesting implication of the deterrent role of the instrumental merger option is that when the firm has two candidate merger partners, it may choose the partner with a lower synergy for the deterrence purpose.
Fog computing out of the box: Dynamic deployment of fog service containers with TOSCA
Authors: Basak Suvam , Srirama Satish Narayana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe conventional cloud‐centric Internet of Things (IoT) application fails to meet the latency requirement of time‐critical applications. The idea of edge and fog computing arrived to distribute workloads across the fog devices located in the local area. However, achieving seamless interoperability, platform independence, and automatic deployment of services becomes the major challenge over heterogeneous fog devices. This paper proposes an integrated and standards‐based fog computing federation framework, FogDEFT, that adapts OASIS–Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) for service deployment in fog. The framework standardizes the distributed application design with TOSCA Service Template to deploy Docker Containers in Swarm mode and manages interoperability over heterogeneous fog devices. The framework uses a lightweight TOSCA compliant orchestrator to dynamically deploy various fog applications (user‐developed services) on the fly.
COVID‐19 in the Clinic: Trial of an Aerosol Containment Mask for Endoscopic Clinic Procedures
Authors: Ference Elisabeth H. , Kim Wihan , Oghalai John S. , Walker Clayton B. , Badash Ido , Gallagher Tyler , Ma Harrison J. , Applegate Brian E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveCreate an aerosol containment mask (ACM) for common otolaryngologic endoscopic procedures which also provides nanoparticle‐level protection to patients.Study DesignProspective feasibility study.SettingIn‐person testing with a novel ACM.MethodsThe mask was designed in Solidworks and 3‐dimensional printed. Measurements were made on 100 consecutive clinic patients who underwent medically necessarily endoscopy, 50 rigid nasal and 50 flexible, by 9 surgeons.ResultsOf the 50 patients who underwent rigid nasal endoscopy with the ACM, 0 of 25 patients with the suction off and 0 of 25 patients with the suction on had evidence of leakage of 0.3 μm particles. Of the 50 patients who underwent flexible endoscopy with the ACM, 0 of 25 patients with the suction off and 0 of 25 patients with the suction on had evidence of leakage of 0.3 μm particles. In terms of comfort, 73% of patients found the ACM somewhat or very comfortable without suction, compared to 86% with the suction on. Surgeons were able to visualize all necessary anatomic areas in 98% of procedures. In 97% of procedures, the masks were able to be placed easily.ConclusionACM can accommodate rigid nasal and flexible endoscopes and may prevent leakage of patient‐generated aerosols, thus avoiding contamination of the room and protecting health care workers from airborne contagions.Level of EvidenceThe level of evidence is 2.
Development and Validation of the Parosmia Olfactory Dysfunction Outcomes Rating (DisODOR)
Authors: Ioerger Patrick , Kallogjeri Dorina , Roland Lauren , Schneider John S. , Piccirillo Jay F. , Farrell Nyssa Fox 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveDevelop and validate a quality‐of‐life (QoL) outcome measure for patients with dysosmia.Study DesignCross‐sectional survey study.SettingOtolaryngology clinics, research registries, and Facebook support groups.MethodsA 59‐item pilot survey with questions addressing parosmia concerns was developed using input from subjects with parosmia and clinical expertise from Otolaryngologists. After item reduction, the Parosmia Olfactory Dysfunction Outcomes Rating (DisODOR) was reduced to its final 29 items. DisODOR maximum score is 116 (each item score 0‐4) with higher scores indicating a higher degree of dysfunction from smell distortion. DisODOR was validated using participants with parosmia persisting >3 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (cases) and healthy controls. Reliability, face and content validity, internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminative validity, sensitivity to change, and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) were assessed.ResultsA total of 134 cases and 20 controls completed DisODOR. The mean (SD) age was 45.9 (12.2) for cases and 29.6 (8.9) for controls. The mean score difference between cases and controls was 45.0 (95% confidence interval, 40.5‐49.5) displaying good discriminative validity. DisODOR showed strong test–retest reliability (r = .942) with high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .971). DisODOR had a moderate correlation with SNOT‐22 scores (r = .619) indicating good convergent validity. There is an excellent association with the global impression of severity categories (η2 = 0.447). Based on the distribution method, the MCID is 15.ConclusionDisODOR is a valid, reliable QoL instrument for parosmia that can be used to measure the functional impact and QoL impairment for parosmia patients. DisODOR is sensitive to change and thus can be used in studies investigating treatments for parosmia.
Speech Discrimination Outcomes in Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients by Primary Language and Bilingual Hispanic Patients
Authors: Velandia Sandra , Martinez Diane , Peña Stefanie , Misztal Carly , Goncalves Stefania , Ma Ruixuan , Angeli Simon , Telischi Fred , Holcomb Meredith , Dinh Christine T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveCompare cochlear implant (CI) outcomes in English speakers, Spanish speakers, and bilingual Hispanics.Study DesignRetrospective review.SettingAcademic tertiary care center.MethodsEighty‐five postlingually deafened adults unilaterally implanted between January 2014 and December 2018 were stratified by primary language. Primary outcomes were: (1) English consonant‐nucleus‐consonant and Spanish bisyllables word tests in quiet, and (2) English AzBio and Latin American Hearing In Noise Test (LA‐HINT) sentence tests in quiet and in noise at multiple time‐intervals postactivation.ResultsIn the respective languages, primary Spanish speakers (n = 24), and English speakers (n = 61) experienced the greatest increases in average scores for word and sentence tests in quiet during the first 6 months postactivation, with gradual increases in average scores over time. English speakers performed significantly worse on AzBio tests in noise, compared to quiet, while the addition of noise did not significantly affect average LA‐HINT scores in Spanish speakers across multiple time intervals. An early ceiling effect was also demonstrated for LA‐HINT. Although not significant, bilingual Hispanics (n = 12) had lower average AzBio in quiet scores than English speakers and higher average LA‐HINT in quiet scores than the Spanish speakers across multiple time intervals.ConclusionEnglish and Spanish CI users experienced the greatest increases in speech understanding in quiet the first few months after implant activation. An early ceiling effect is demonstrated with LA‐HINT, indicating LA‐HINT is not appropriate for evaluating longitudinal CI outcomes in Spanish speakers. Bilingual Hispanics represent a unique group, and further investigations are necessary to understand speech perception patterns in both languages and develop the best CI test strategies for these individuals.
Identifying Predictors of Treatment Response in Meniere's Disease: A Clinical Severity Staging System
Authors: Miller Brevin J. , Kallogjeri Dorina , Shew Matthew A. , Piccirillo Jay F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveIdentify clinically important factors associated with conservative treatment response in Meniere's disease and incorporate these factors into a composite clinical severity staging system.Study DesignRetrospective cohort.SettingTertiary academic medical center.MethodsAdult patients newly diagnosed with Meniere's disease between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019 were eligible. Patients with previous treatment for Meniere's disease, prior otologic surgery, or a lack of follow‐up data were excluded. Treatment‐responsive patients were managed with only conservative therapies (eg, dietary modifications, diuretics) and unresponsive patients underwent more intensive therapies (eg, intratympanic procedures, surgical interventions).ResultsOf 78 patients included in the study, 49 (63%) were responsive to conservative therapies and 29 (37%) were not. Responsive patients had higher proportions of no or mild vertigo (24%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1%–45.8%) and none or mild comorbidity (27%, 95% CI: 9.2%–44.7%) and a lower proportion of hearing loss (19%, 95% CI: 5.6%–32.4%) compared to unresponsive patients. Conjunctive consolidation of these 3 factors was performed to develop a three‐stage system with a treatment response gradient ranging from 100% to 64% to 18% for stage 1 (n = 11), stage 2 (n = 56), and stage 3 (n = 11), respectively.ConclusionsThis study identified decreased vertigo severity, reduced comorbidity burden, and absence of hearing loss as factors associated with conservative treatment response in Meniere's disease. A composite clinical severity staging system including these 3 factors can be used to optimize treatment selection and promote patient‐centered management of Meniere's disease.
Adverse Events Associated With Tracheostomy: A MAUDE Database Analysis
Authors: Narwani Vishal , Dacey Sydney , Lerner Michael Z. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTracheotomy is one of the most common procedures. Although tracheostomy complications have been extensively studied, literature related to device complications is scarce. The objective of this study is to describe complications associated with tracheostomies utilizing the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database.Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional study.SettingThe US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MAUDE database (2015‐2020).MethodsThe FDA's MAUDE database was queried for all reports on adverse events related to tracheostomy from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020.ResultsA total of 3086 adverse events related to open tracheostomy and 52 related to percutaneous tracheostomy were identified. For open tracheostomy, 2872 (93%), were related to device malfunction, and 214 (7%) consisted of patient‐related factors. The most frequently reported device‐related adverse event was cuff malfunction, with 1834 (59%) reported events, which includes cuff deflation, pilot balloon malfunction, and cuff inflation line malfunction. The most frequently reported patient‐related adverse events were tracheostomy tube obstruction with 67 events (2%). For percutaneous tracheostomy, 38 (73%) events were related to device malfunction, and 14 (27%) were related to patient injury. The most frequently reported adverse events were cuff malfunction (29%), safety ridge malfunction (17%), and bleeding (10%).ConclusionThe MAUDE database is a useful tool that can be utilized to complement existing literature in identifying common and rare adverse events associated with tracheostomy device‐related failures, which are mostly reliant on isolated, published case reports.
Association Between Speech Reception Threshold in Noise and Multimorbidity: The UK Biobank Study
Authors: Yévenes‐Briones Humberto , Caballero Francisco Félix , Struijk Ellen A. , Arias‐Fernández Lucía , Lana Alberto , Rey‐Martinez Jorge , Rodríguez‐Artalejo Fernando , Lopez‐Garcia Esther 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between hearing function, as approached with the functional auditory capacity, and multimorbidity.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingThe UK Biobank was established from 2006 to 2010 in the United Kingdom. This cross‐sectional analysis included 165,524 participants who provided baseline information on hearing function.MethodsFunctional auditory capacity was measured with a digit triplet test. Three categories were defined according to the speech reception threshold in noise (SRTn): normal (SRTn < −5.5 dB signal‐to‐noise ratio [SNR]), insufficient (SRTn ≥ −5.5 to ≤ −3.5 dB SNR) and poor hearing function (SRTn > −3.5 dB SNR). To define multimorbidity, 9 chronic diseases were considered, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, Parkinson's disease, stroke, cancer, depression, osteoarthritis, coronary heart disease, and diabetes; multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of 2 or more in the same individual. Analyses were conducted using logistic models adjusted for relevant confounders.ResultsAmong the study participants, 54.5% were women, and the mean (range) age was 56.7 (39‐72) years. The prevalence of insufficient and poor hearing function and multimorbidity was 13% and 13.2%, respectively. In comparison with having a normal SRTn, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of multimorbidity associated with insufficient SRTn was 1.13 (1.08‐1.18), and with poor SRTn was 1.25 (1.14‐1.37).ConclusionInsufficient and poor hearing function was associated with multimorbidity. This association suggests common biological pathways for many of the considered morbidities.
Impact of soft magnetic α‐Fe in hard Nd2Fe14B magnetic materials: A micromagnetic study
Authors: Reichel Maximilian , Groche Peter , Gutfleisch Oliver , Schröder Jörg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe striving for the independence of fossil energy sources by further development of renewable energies as well as the change in mobility act as a driving force on technological innovations. Magnetic materials with improved magnetic efficiency help to push the limits for optimized, low‐loss power conversion applications and electrification. Besides improving the chemical composition, that is, gaining better performance using alloys reduced or free of heavy rare earth elements, microstructure optimization has proven to be a crucial field of research. In order to better control the grain size, phase distribution and texture of the polycrystalline material, new process routes, such as severe plastic deformation, need to be investigated and explored in addition to the state‐of‐the‐art method – sintering. Here, attention must be paid to the possible formation of soft magnetic α‐Fe after the casting process prior to the actual deformation step, as these secondary phases negatively affect the hysteretic behavior of the magnet. Assistance in the analysis of the underlying magnetic mechanisms is provided by micromagnetic theory. Besides the reliable prediction of the magnetization distribution on micron‐scale, especially in a multi‐phase microstructure, it also allows for the analysis of the magnetic hysteresis behavior. This work provides a micromagnetic simulation frame work based on a finite element scheme. Relying on this framework the effective hysteresis behavior of two different heterogeneous microstructures (Nd2Fe14B and Nd2Fe14B/α‐Fe) are analyzed and compared.
Concrete failure based on a localizing gradient‐enhanced damage formulation coupled with plasticity
Authors: Zhao Dong , Yin Bo , Kaliske Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInvestigations of the mechanical behavior of concrete, including plastic deformability and failure mechanisms, have always been of vital importance. In this work, a modified yield criterion with three surfaces is proposed to capture the plastic yielding behavior under different loading conditions. The failure, that is, the gradual degradation and the final loss of material integrity, can be described through a damage concept. For the purpose of robust finite element (FE) implementations as well as the failure description at an appropriate scale, a localizing gradient‐enhanced damage model has been adopted. As such, one obtains mesh‐insensitive material responses, while ruling out the unphysical damage broadening observed in conventional gradient‐enhanced damage models with a constant regularization length. Following a consistent derivation, the plasticity‐damage coupled model is implemented into an in‐house FE framework, based on which an experiment‐inspired example is simulated to illustrate the capability of the proposed description in concrete modeling, especially the mixed‐mode failure. Lastly, the conclusion provides some final insights.
Impact of Mendong fiber–epoxy composite interface properties on electric field frequency exposure
Authors: Suryanto Heru , Irawan Yudi Surya , Soenoko Rudy , Binoj Joseph Selvi , Osman Azlin Fazlina , Osman Hakimah , Maulana Jibril , Ali Alamry 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis research investigates the effects of the frequency of the external electric field during the curing process on the interfacial properties of epoxy composites reinforced by Mendong fiber. Epoxy was used as a matrix with cycloaliphatic amine as a curing agent. The AC electric field by frequencies of 1, 2, and 3 kHz and strength of 750 V/cm were applied during the curing process. The functional groups, structure, interface properties, and morphology of treated epoxy were observed using Fourier‐transform infrared, x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and pull‐out test, respectively. The result indicates that after treatment with an electric field of 1 kHz, new peaks were observed in the epoxy diffractogram at the angle of 6.2° and 12.3°, change in morphology, the wettability properties of epoxy were increased and interface shear strength was improved. Increasing the frequency of electric fields results in more damage to the interface and subsequently reduces the shear strength at the interface.Highlights
Interface properties of the composite after curing in an electric field characterized.
Exposure to electric field frequency during curing changed epoxy properties.
Shear strength of Mendong fiber/epoxy varied post‐exposure to the electric field.
A chemically modified MWCNT/PEEK multiscale thermoplastic composites: Forming, mechanical performance, and application
Authors: Jin Ziang , Sun Shouzheng , Joshi Sunil Chandrakant , Han Zhenyu , Fu Hongya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotubes can be used to enhance interlaminar mechanical performance of polymer composites due to its physicochemical properties. In this article, a novel method for preparing multi‐walled carbon nanotubes/polyether ether ketone (MWCNT/PEEK) thermoplastic composite film is proposed. The microstructure and interfacial bonding performance of chemically modified and unmodified composites films are analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation and experiment. The composite films are used in CF/PEEK laminates. The results show that MWCNT significantly improve the crystallinity of PEEK resin. Compared with the MWCNT/PEEK composites without chemical modification, the MWCNT‐COOH/PEEK‐OH composite film has a denser structure, and the tensile strength and elastic modulus are increased by 94.5% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, the interlaminar shear strength of the CF/PEEK laminates doped with MWCNT/PEEK and MWCNT‐COOH/PEEK‐OH composite films increased by 8.3% and 12.7%, respectively.Highlights
The interfacial bonding performance between MWCNT and PEEK is obtained by molecular dynamics simulation.
A novel method for preparing BP/PEEK composite film is proposed.
MWCNT/PEEK composite films can effectively enhance the interlaminar performance of CF/PEEK high performance thermoplastic composites.
Heterostructured rGO/MoS2 to improve friction and wear performance of epoxy resins
Authors: Song Yun , Rong Chengjun , Feng Xing , Liu Yujian , Zhang Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to improve friction and wear performance of epoxy resins, the heterostructure of rGO/MoS2 was synthesized by homogeneously growing molybdenum disulfide on the surface of in‐situ reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via the hydrothermal method. The effect of additive type on the microstructure of rGO/MoS2 was discussed. And the obtained rGO/MoS2 exhibits uniform heterostructure with 100–200 nm flower‐like MoS2 nanoparticles scattering evenly on the surface of rGO when using PVP as the surfactant. Owing to robust hybrid structures and synergetic effects of rGO and MoS2, the friction interface temperature of rGO/MoS2/EP has dropped 37.2°C. And the average friction coefficient and specific wear rate of the composites with 0.60 wt% rGO/MoS2 are just 0.55 and 7.6 × 10−6 mm3 N−1 m−1, decreasing by 19.1% and 92.8% than those of epoxy resin.Highlights
Flower‐like MoS2 particles scatter evenly on the surface of in‐situ reduced GO.
MoS2 and rGO construct robust hybrid structure and form synergetic effects.
The transfer film of hybrid rGO/MoS2 reduces interactions between two surfaces.
The friction interface temperature of rGO/MoS2/EP drops 37.2°C.
The μ and ws of 0.60 wt%rGO/MoS2/EP are reduced by 19.1% and 92.8%.