bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Profile of Musculoskeletal Injuries in High-Performance Professional Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes
Authors: Nery Lucas Chagas , Junior Claudinei Chamorro Pelegrina , Saragiotto Bruno Tirotti , Scoz Robson Dias , Marson Runer Augusto , Baltazar Mendes José João , Alves Ferreira Luciano Maia , Amorim Cesar Ferreira 
Published: December 2022

Background
Brazilian Jiu-jitsu (BJJ) has become popular over the past years; however, few studies investigated the prevalence of injuries in this martial art modality.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in BJJ competitors along with their profile and characteristics.

Methods
One-hundred fifteen athletes were included in this cross-sectional study. A hundred fifteen professional high-performance athletes were selected from twenty-five BJJ gyms in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Descriptive analyses were used to demonstrate the athlete’s individual characteristics, and the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to assess the significant differences between the number of injuries categorized by athlete’s belt or performance level category. Additionally, the Fisher’s exact test was used to assess possible differences between frequency of total injuries and injuries per affected site among the belts.

Results
We observed an injury prevalence of 85.2%, in which knee (32.6%), shoulder (11.2%) and elbow (8.4%) were the most affected regions. We did not find any significant differences between the number of injuries and belt classification (p=0.093) or for the frequency of total injuries per anatomical region among belt classification (p=0.121). Most injuries occurred during training (74%), and the main reason for time loss from training activities was due to trauma (70%).

Conclusions
There is a high prevalence of injuries among BJJ competitors, and the most affected site was the knee.
Extraction Fuel During Hydro-distillation Modifies Eucalyptus Essential Oil
Yield, Phytochemical Quality, and Capital Cost
Authors: Sharma Arun Dev , Kaur Inderjeet 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Plant-based essential oils are usually extracted using the hydro-distillation process. During this process type of fuel is a major factor that regulates
yield, aromatic quality, and capital cost. AIM: This study aimed to examine the distillation of eucalyptus essential oil using Fire word (FW),
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), and Electric Filament (EF) derived energy as fuels. Eucalyptus fresh leaves were used to extract the essential oil.

Method:
Several parameters were examined, including the yield of oil, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity, and total capital cost of each
procedure. The results revealed that EF-based hydro-distillation reduced the cost of essential oil production many times compared to FW and LPGbased
fuels.

Result:
Using EF, essential oil quality also increased considerably in terms of total phenolic content (1.49 mg GAE/ml) and total antioxidant activity (4.2
mg AE/ml). GC-FID analysis discovered the occurrence of 1,8 cineole as a major component in eucalyptus essential oil.

Conclusion:
To conclude, EF-based fuel offers significant advantages over traditionally used fuels to hydro-distill eucalyptus essential oil in cosmetic and
pharma-based industries.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Film Monster University
Authors: Ulpah Eva Maria , Putri Mufida Awalia , Badriah Laelatul 
Published: December 2022

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai karakter yang terdalam film monster university. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan content analisis dan pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, observasi, dan study pustaka. hasil penelitian, menunjukan terdapat banyak nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, diantaranya: 1. Jujur, 2. Toleransi, 3. Disiplin, 4. Kerjakeras, 5. Kreatif, 6. Mandiri, 7. Demokrasi, 8. Rasa Ingin Tahu, 9. Menghargai prestasi, 10. Bersahabat dan komunikatif, 11. Cinta damai, 12.Gemarmembaca, 13. Peduli sosial, 14. Peduli Lingkungan,15. Tanggungjawab.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter, Film Monster University.</p>
Implementasi Pendidikan Pancasila di SDNegeri Bakulan
Authors: Apriani An-Nisa , Septiani Isti , Izzah Lathifatul 
Published: December 2022

<p><em>Implementation o</em><em>f </em><em>Pancasila value education in elementary schools is very crucial. This is considering that the character possessed by each individual is different. The differences in character can lead to disputes, divisions, and trigger deviant behavior. Overcoming character deviations can be done by applying Pancasila values in schools. This study aims to determine and to understand the implementation of Pancasila values education, Pancasila values, and the students’ character at SD Negeri Bakulan.This type of research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study were conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification.The research results on the implementation of Pancasila values education in SD Negeri Bakulan showed that Pancasila value education was implemented through three stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. Education Planning of Pancasila values education is to compose planning. Implementation is carried out through learning activities, activities outside of learning, habituation, and discipline. Evaluation is done through student evaluation which includes evaluation of learning and observation of attitudes, while evaluation of educators is carried out by monitoring and assigning assignments. The values of Pancasila that are applied at SD Negeri Bakulan include divine values, human values, unity values, populist values, and justice values. Pancasila values are shown by the students’ attitudes and behavior in accordance with the indicators of Pancasila values. The application of Pancasila values at SD Negeri Bakulan forms fifth grade students who have religious character values, tolerance, responsibility, nationalism, mutual cooperation, social care, and appreciate an achievement.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Pancasila Education, Character Value</em></p>
Design, Development and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System of Antacids
Authors: Mohan Raj , Gupta Revathi A. 
Published: December 2022

Magaldrate is an antacid have been widely used in the treatment of various gastric and duodenal disorders such as heartburn, reflux esophagitis, acid indigestion, gastritis, sour stomach, upset stomach, irritable stomach, gastric and duodenal ulcers. The conventional antacids dosage forms have a short duration of action which is about 2-3 hours due to gastric emptying process. A gastroretentive dosage form of antacid is needed since the healing of gastric ulcers occurs when gastric pH is kept above 3-4 during 24 hours. The present study was aimed at developing Gastro retentive bilayer drug delivery systems containing Magaldrate to minimize the side effect, improve the prolongation of action, to reduce the frequency of drug administration. A wet granulation technique was used to formulate 9 batches. Superdisintegrants like Polyplasdone XL-10, Ac-Di-Sol, and sodium starch glycolate was used for immediate release layer and HPMC K4 M, Ac-Di-Sol and lactose like polymers were used in floating layer. Preformulation studies were carried out to optimize the ratios required for various grades of polymers. The prepared floating tablets were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content uniformity, buoyancy lag time, total floating time, water uptake (swelling index), and in vitro dissolution studies. Successful formulation was developed having floating lag time as low as 30 sec and drug release was sustained up to 12 hrs. A biphasic drug release can be obtained by using bilayer tableting technology which involved compression of immediate and sustained release layer together. Bilayered floating tablets with release characteristics offer critical advantages such as, site specificity with improved absorption and efficacy. This technology can be inculcated to various medicaments which have stomach as the major site of absorption.
Keywords: Magaldrate, Antacid, Gastroretentive dosage form, Bilayer floating tab, Superdisintegrant
Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and In-Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Cassia roxburghii Seed and Boerhaavia diffusa Root against Pheritima posthuma Model
Authors: Tiwari Sarika , Dixena Shweta , Jain Monika , Tiwari Niharika , Jain Vibhor 
Published: December 2022

Plants have served human beings as a natural source for treatments and therapies from ancient times, amongst them medicinal herbs have gain attention because of its wide use and less side effects. In the recent years plant research has increased throughout the world and a huge amount of evidences have been collected to show immense potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional systems. The objective of this study was to investigate pharmacognostical, phytochemical features and anthelmintic action of Cassia roxburghii (seeds) and Boerhaavia diffusa (roots). The different pharmacognostical parameters were evaluated as per standard protocols with some modifications. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents was determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, triterpenoits and carbohydrate. Three different doses (10, 25, & 50 mg/ml) of each extracts were studied, which involves the determination of time of paralysis and time of death of worm. All the extracts showed a dose dependent increase in the anthelmintic action. Out of all the extracts, the methanol extracts showed highest activity in both plants followed by ethyl and aqueous extracts. At the concentration of 50 mg/ml the methanol showed a remarkable anthelmintic activity which was even greater than the standard drug (Albendazole) at the same concentration.
Keywords: Cassia roxburghii, Boerhaavia diffusa, Pheretima posthuma, Anthelmintic action, Paralysis, Albendazole.
Phytochemical Screening and Diuretic Activity of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extract of Clitoria ternatea Flowers
Authors: Mahajan Pallavi , Bundela Ragini , Jain Sourabh , Shukla Karunakar 
Published: December 2022

Clitoria ternatea, commonly known as butterfly pea, is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Fabaceae family. It has recently attracted a lot of interest as it has potential applications both in modern medicine and agriculture, and as a source of natural food colorants and antioxidants.Additionally, Clitoria ternateahas been widely used in traditional medicine, particularly as a supplement to enhance cognitive functions and alleviate symptoms of numerous ailments including fever, inflammation, pain, and diabetes.The present study was undertaken to investigate diuretic effect of aqueous and ethanolextracts of the dried flowers of Clitoria ternatea in normal rats.Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents was determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature.Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Clitoria ternateaflowers were administered to experimental ratsorally at doses of 500 mg/kg p.o. Furosemide (5 mg/kg) was used as positive control instudy. The diuretic effect of the extracts was evaluated by measuring urine volume and sodium content.Phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence some common compounds like alkaloids, resins, steroids, tannins, saponins, and glycoside.Urine volume was significantly increased by aqueous and ethanol extracts incomparison to control group. While the excretion of sodium was also increased by both extracts.We can conclude that aqueous and ethanol extracts of Clitoria ternateaproduced notablediuretic effect which appeared to be comparable to that produced by the reference diuretic Furosemide. Thepresent study provides a quantitative basis for explaining the folkloric use of Clitoria ternateaas a diuretic agent.
Keywords: Clitoria ternatea, Fabaceae, Phytochemical constituents, Diuretic effect, Furosemide
Formulation Development of Flaxseed Oil Beads Containing ω-Fatty Acid
Authors: Rasala Tirupati Madanaih , Mujariya Rajesh J. , Gupta Shubham. S. , Ittadwar Abhay. M. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Nutraceuticals are in high demand as dietary supplements on the international market since decades. Nutritional and therapeutic supplements called nutraceuticals are widely accessible. Alpha linolenic acid (ALA), fibre, proteins, and vital omega-3 fatty acids are all present in high concentrations in flaxseed, one of the oldest and most widely utilised food supplements. The present work was aimed to formulate and develop flaxseed oil beads containing omega fatty acids as a replacement supplement for marine source. Flaxseed oil beads were formulated by ionic gelation method. Minitab 21.1.0 was used to screen and optimise the process and formulation parameters. Plackett Burman design was used for the initial screening. Twelve batches were made ready for screening, and each batch was evaluated for optimization based on the percentage of drug release and the percentage of drug encapsulation efficiency. RSM was used to carry out the optimization. After optimization and validation, the batches showed the satisfactory results complying with IP specifications.
Results: Twelve batches were formulated and evaluated for percentage encapsulation efficiency and percentage drug release. The formulated batches F4, F6 and F10 shown the optimal results.
Conclusion: Polyunsaturated fatty acids found in the flaxseed oil were confirmed with hexabromide test. Several nutritional advantages of the extracted flaxseed oil's omega fatty acid were incorporated in beads utilising the ionic gelation process.
Keywords: Nutraceutical, Flaxseed, Beads, QbD, Omega fatty acid, Alpha linolenic acid.
The Modern Gambit in the Eurasian Version of the “Great Game”
Authors: Kozmenko S. Yu. 
Published: December 2022

On the fields of the “Great Game” another party of confrontation between the two main world civilizations — maritime and continental, the successors and followers of the Anglo-Saxons (USA) against the Eurasian continental power (Russia) is unfolding. This is not the first batch and, alas, not the last. The confrontation originates from the struggle for control over the Mediterranean Sea in the distant 18th century between Russia and the British Empire, which started the “Great Game” with the Maltese party in September 1800. UK-British Empire-then USA vs. Russia-Russian Empire-Soviet Union-Russian Federation. In total more than 220 years. The game continues.Aim. The aim of the study is to solve the scientific problem of determining the national interests of Russia in the modern version of the “Great Game”.Tasks. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks are solved: to identify the geopolitical and economic components of Russia’s national interests within the regional space of the modern version of the confrontation and to determine the possibilities for realizing these interests.Methods. This paper uses the methodological tools of spatial economics and the theory of new economic geography, which makes it possible to combine geopolitical and economic (geo-economic) imperatives in a localized space when coordinating joint activities. The action takes place in the southwestern borderlands of Russia and covers the waters and lands of the Azov basin and the Northern Black Sea region, as a “prefield” to ensure Russia’s maritime access to world markets via the southern route.Conclusions. The conclusions of the study are that essentially two strategic tasks are being solved in this region — establishing control over communications and energy resources on the basis of coordinating Russia’s military and economic activities in the waters and on the coast of the Azov and Black Seas in order to ensure the “connectivity” of the country’s territory with southwest. Initially, the conflict was based on the struggle for control over energy resources and, first of all, natural gas and communications for the delivery of the latter to the West, which seems to be very problematic in modern conditions. However, this is the reason for the continuation of the “Great Game”.
Legal Norms of Social Security of Servicemen — Participants of a Special Military Operation
Authors: Semyannikova D. A. 
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the features of the legal regulation of social security of mobilized citizens, citizens who voluntarily joined the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, and their family members in regions of Russia.Aim. To identify the effectiveness of new approaches to establish legal regulation of military personnel’s social security in partial mobilization condition.Task. To analyze the effectiveness, taking into account the criteria of regional legislators of the Russian Federation in establishing the right to social security of military personnel, which is provided in the form of lump-sum payments. To complete the study, to assess the level of social security guarantees for military personnel in the Russian Federation in comparison with the social guarantees provided in the countries that are part of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU).Methods. In this study, the tasks were solved by the author with the use of general scientific methods (comparative, formal, logical) and legal research methods (comparative legal statistical data).Results. In the course of the study, the differentiation of the legal regulation of social security of mobilized citizens, citizens who voluntarily joined the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, and their family members, provided in cash, was conducted. In view of the equal social risk in which both categories of military personnel have the right to receive a lump sum payment, without additional grounds taken into account by the regions. This approach seems fair.Conclusions. The legislator’s reaction after the announcement of partial mobilization was necessary and timely, the underlying causes and rapid response to the emerging social risks should also be considered when selecting criteria. In view of the fulfillment of new tasks for the state, the criteria used in establishing the legal regulation of social security in the form of cash payments should be directly related to the likelihood of social risk for both categories of military personnel and their family members.
THE POSITION OF RUSSIAN DIPLOMACY TOWARD THE KOSOVO ISSUE 1998-1999
Authors: JASHARİ Muhamed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The end of the Cold War and the advent of a new order was undoubtedly one of the most significant events of the 20th century, hence it is not surprising that this event also had an impact on the conceptualization of Russia’s foreign policy. The successor to the Soviet Union, Russia, emerged in the midst of political chaos, while Russia’s foreign policy underwent a transformation.
The wars in Yugoslavia – both in Bosnia and later in Kosovo – unquestionably aroused the curiosity of the international community, including the Russian Federation. As a result of the war in Kosovo, namely with the NATO intervention, relations between Western countries and Russia entered a deterioration phase.
Russian diplomacy after the 1990s consistently insisted that its status was equal to that of the Western countries, while even resolutely claiming that it was to be consulted when it came to the future of the security architecture in Europe.
This article deals with the role of the Russian Federation in the Kosovo war and Russia’s reaction to the NATO military intervention. As we will see, Russia’s main concern was the shape that international relations were taking in the post-Kosovo period, and NATO’s increasing role in the larger European security.

Özet
İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın bitişi ve ardından yeni bir dünya düzeninin ortaya çıkması, şüphesiz 20-nci yüzyılın en önemli gelişmelerinden birini teşkil eder. Bu haliyle, bu gelişmenin Rus dış politikasının şekillenmesinde etkisi olması şaşırtıcı değil. Sovjet Birliği’nin mirasçısı olarak Rusya siyasi kaosun içinde ortaya çıktı ve Rus dış politikası bir dönüşüm geçirdi.
Eski Yugoslavya’daki savaşlar – hem Bosna hem daha sonra Kosova’da – şüphesiz Rusya Federasyonu dahil olmak üzere uluslararası toplumun merakını uyandırdı. Kosova’daki savaşın ve NATO müdahalesinin ardından, Batı ülkeleri ile Rusya arasındaki ilişkiler bir bozuluş sürecine girdi.
‘90lı yıllardan sonra Rus diplomasisi Rusya’nın Batı ülkeleri ile aynı statüde olduğu konusunda sürekli ısrar etti. Hatta kararlı bir şekilde Avrupa güvenlik mimarisinin geleceği konusunda kendisine danılışması gerektiğini savundu.
Bu makale Rusya Federasyonu’nun Kosova Savaşı’ndaki rolünü ve NATO müdahalesine karşı tepkisini ele almakta. Görüleceği üzere, Rusya’nın endişesi bu savaş sonrasında uluslararası ilişkilerin yeni şekillenme biçimi ve daha genel olarak Avrupa güvenliğinde NATO’nun büyüyen rolü idi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yugoslavya savaşları, Kosova, Rusya, BM, NATO Müdahalesi.
Aproximación a la relación entre valores éticos y logros académicos en escenarios virtuales de formación
Authors: Benítez Elisabeth , Marquina Marquina 
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo tiene por objeto determinar (establecer) la relación entre valores éticos y logros académico en escenarios virtuales de formación a partir de una indagación de las representaciones sociales concurrentes en el imaginario social analizando el discurso narrativo de los estudiantes de la carrera de Comunicación Social de la Universidad de Los Andes en Mérida Venezuela. Hemos orientado la investigación, transcurridos 2 años del inicio forzado de actividades en línea por la pandemia de COVID 19, al ethos de los estudiantes de pre-grado que cursan sus asignaturas a través del uso de aulas virtuales en la plataforma Moodle, dado que el paso de la presencialidad a la virtualidad de manera inesperada, aunado a las circunstancias propias de la realidad país han impactado al sector estudiantil en distintas dimensiones desde la permanencia en la carrera hasta el logro del éxito académico. Para ello, hemos empleado la metodología de investigación cualitativa, etnográfica, descriptiva, que ha tenido de base un diseño bibliográfico, aplicando un cuestionario abierto no estructurado por vía virtual, a una muestra intencional y no probabilística de la población de estudiantes pertenecientes a la Carrera de Comunicación Social de la Escuela de Medios Audiovisuales Universidad de Los Andes de 2do a 4to año, a partir del cual pudo realizarse el análisis lexicométrico (analizar, categorizar y seleccionar) del discurso, para constatar la construcción colectiva del corpus de valores que permitió proceder mediante la representación gráfica de los valores éticos al diseño de una nube de texto, en la que se identificaron los imaginario sociales como herramienta de descripción, y posteriormente estudiar los resultados y contrastarlos con las posturas teóricas generando una reflexión inherente al rol que estos valores poseen en torno al logro del éxito académico de los estudiantes de pre- grado universitario en la dinámica de relación en la educación virtual.