bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of Optimal Transport for Computer Graphics and Computer Vision
Authors: Bonneel Nicolas , Digne Julie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOptimal transport is a long‐standing theory that has been studied in depth from both theoretical and numerical point of views. Starting from the 50s this theory has also found a lot of applications in operational research. Over the last 30 years it has spread to computer vision and computer graphics and is now becoming hard to ignore. Still, its mathematical complexity can make it difficult to comprehend, and as such, computer vision and computer graphics researchers may find it hard to follow recent developments in their field related to optimal transport. This survey first briefly introduces the theory of optimal transport in layman's terms as well as most common numerical techniques to solve it. More importantly, it presents applications of these numerical techniques to solve various computer graphics and vision related problems. This involves applications ranging from image processing, geometry processing, rendering, fluid simulation, to computational optics, and many more. It is aimed at computer graphics researchers desiring to follow optimal transport research in their field as well as optimal transport researchers willing to find applications for their numerical algorithms.
Immediately or delayed sinus augmentation after pseudocyst removal: A randomized trial
Authors: Yu Huajie , Tang Yiman , He Danqing , Qiu Lixin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare clinical and histological outcomes of sinus augmentation performed immediately or 3 months after pseudocyst removal through a prospective randomized controlled study.Materials and MethodsIn total, 33 sinus augmentation procedures were performed in 31 patients. Augmentation was performed either immediately after pseudocyst removal (one‐stage intervention) or after 3 months (two‐stage intervention). Six months postoperatively, bone specimens were harvested, and histomorphometric analysis was performed as primary outcome. Data were recorded and evaluated for implant survival rates, marginal bone resorption, complication rate, and patient‐centered outcomes (visual analogue scale [VAS]).ResultsThere were no baseline differences between groups or dropouts. Twelve biopsies obtained for histomorphometric analysis showed that delayed sinus augmentation, when compared to immediated led to a 1.1% increased mineralized bone ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]: −15.9 to 13.7). Graft leakage and acute sinusitis occurred in one patient in the one‐stage group, none in the two‐stage group. No pseudocyst recurrence was observed until the end of 1‐year follow‐up. Median VAS scores for overall acceptance were significantly increase of 1.4 (95% CI: 0.3–2.56) in immediate group. The degree of post‐operative discomfort was not significantly different, although an increase of VAS (0.52, 95% CI: −0.32 to 1.37) was observed in delay group.ConclusionsBoth procedures of sinus augmentation immediately and 3 months after pseudocyst removal could obtain comparable histological outcomes and had low complication rates. Patients who underwent the one‐stage procedure had a short treatment course and high satisfaction rates, but this procedure is technically challenging to perform.This clinical trial was not registered prior to participant recruitment and randomization. The clinical trial registration number is ChiCTR2200063121. The hyperlink is as follows: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=172755.
Agreement between ultrasound protocols for the estimation of body fat percentage: Comparison to a four‐compartment model
Authors: Sullivan Katherine , Metoyer Casey J. , Winchester Lee J. , Esco Michael R. , Fedewa Michael V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the agreement between body fat percentage (%Fat) estimates derived from a standardized ultrasound protocol (%FatIASMS), a commonly used skinfold (SKF)‐site‐based ultrasound protocol (%FatJP), and a criterion four‐compartment (4C) model (%Fat4C). For the ultrasound protocols, all measurement sites were marked, measured and analyzed by the same evaluator. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness was measured manually at the region where the muscle fascia was parallel to the skin and the average value per measurement site was used to calculate body density and subsequently %Fat. A repeated‐measures analysis of variance with a priori planned contrasts was used to compare %Fat values between the 4C criterion and both ultrasound methods. Small nonsignificant mean differences were observed between %FatIASMS (18.82 ± 14.21%Fat, effect size [ES] = 0.25, p = 0.178), %FatJP (18.23 ± 13.32%Fat, ES = 0.32, p = 0.050) and the %Fat4C criterion (21.70 ± 7.57%Fat); however, %FatIASMS did not yield a smaller mean difference than the %FatJP (p = 0.287). Additionally, %FatIASMS (r = 0.90, p < 0.001, standard error of the estimate [SEE] = 3.29%) and %FatJP (r = 0.88, p < 0.001, SEE = 3.60%) were strongly correlated with the 4C criterion, however, %FatIASMS did not yield better agreement than %FatJP (p = 0.257). Despite slightly underestimating %Fat, both ultrasound techniques demonstrated Good—Very Good agreement with the 4C criterion, with comparable mean differences, correlations, and SEE. The International Association of Sciences in Medicine and Sports (IASMS) standardized protocol using manual calculations of SAT was comparable to the SKF‐site‐based ultrasound protocol when compared to the 4C criterion. These results indicate that the IASMS (with manually measured SAT) and SKF‐site‐based ultrasound protocols may be of practical use to clinicians.
Development trends of human organoid‐based COVID‐19 research based on bibliometric analysis
Authors: Li Minghui , Yuan Yuhan , Zou Ting , Hou Zongkun , Jin Liang , Wang Bochu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has posed a catastrophic threat to human health worldwide. Human stem cell‐derived organoids serve as a promising platform for exploring SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Several review articles have summarized the application of human organoids in COVID‐19, but the research status and development trend of this field have seldom been systematically and comprehensively studied. In this review, we use bibliometric analysis method to identify the characteristics of organoid‐based COVID‐19 research. First, an annual trend of publications and citations, the most contributing countries or regions and organizations, co‐citation analysis of references and sources and research hotspots are determined. Next, systematical summaries of organoid applications in investigating the pathology of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, vaccine development and drug discovery, are provided. Lastly, the current challenges and future considerations of this field are discussed. The present study will provide an objective angle to identify the current trend and give novel insights for directing the future development of human organoid applications in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Efficacy and safety of montelukast adjuvant therapy in adults with cough variant asthma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Qian , Lu Tingting , Song Zhongyang , Zhu Peng , Wu Yana , Zhang Lumei , Yang Kehu , Zhang Zhiming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMontelukast is a highly selective and specific cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of asthma. Whether montelukast as adjuvant therapy can significantly and safely treat adults with cough variant asthma (CVA) remains inconclusive.AimsThis meta‐analysis systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of montelukast as an adjuvant treatment for adults with CVA.Materials and methodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) on montelukast combined with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long‐acting β2 agonists (LABAs) to treat CVA in adults, from inception to March 6, 2023, were retrieved from the CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases and Clinical Trials website. Review Manager (version 5.4) and Stata (version 15.0) were used to conduct the meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 15 RCTs were ultimately included in the meta‐analysis. It was established that montelukast as adjuvant therapy raised the total effective rate (RR = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.13, 1.27], P < 0.01) and improved the FEV1% (SMD = 0.91, 95% CI [0.40, 1.41], P < 0.01), PEF% (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI [0.38, 0.88], P < 0.01), FEV1 (SMD = 1.15, 95% CI [0.53, 1.77], P < 0.01), PEF (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI [0.42, 0.86], P < 0.01), and FEV1/FVC% (SMD = 0.76, 95% CI [0.51, 1.01], P < 0.01) and reduced the recurrence rate (RR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.15, 0.53], P < 0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions was higher in the montelukast auxiliary group compared to the control group but with no statistical difference (RR = 1.32, 95% CI [0.89, 1.96], P = 0.17).ConclusionExisting evidence indicated that the use of montelukast as an adjuvant therapy had therapeutic efficacy superior to ICS + LABA alone for the treatment of adult patients with CVA. However, further research is needed, especially a combination of high‐quality long‐term prospective studies and carefully designed RCTs.
Network connectivity underlying episodic memory in children: Application of a pediatric brain tumor survivor injury model
Authors: Alonso Katie Wade , Dahhan Noor Z. Al , Riggs Lily , Tseng Julie , de Medeiros Cynthia , Scott Ming , Laughlin Suzanne , Bouffet Eric , Mabbott Donald J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpisodic memory involves personal experiences paired with their context. The Medial Temporal, Posterior Medial, Anterior Temporal, and Medial Prefrontal networks have been found to support the hippocampus in episodic memory in adults. However, there lacks a model that captures how the structural and functional connections of these networks interact to support episodic memory processing in children. Using diffusion‐weighted imaging, magnetoencephalography, and memory tests, we quantified differences in white matter microstructure, neural communication, and episodic memory performance, respectively, of healthy children (n = 23) and children with reduced memory performance. Pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS; n = 24) were used as a model, as they exhibit reduced episodic memory and perturbations in white matter and neural communication. We observed that PBTS, compared to healthy controls, showed significantly (p < 0.05) (1) disrupted white matter microstructure between these episodic memory networks through lower fractional anisotropy and higher mean and axial diffusivity, (2) perturbed theta band (4–7 Hz) oscillatory synchronization in these same networks through higher weighted phase lag indices (wPLI), and (3) lower episodic memory performance in the Transverse Patterning and Children's Memory Scale (CMS) tasks. Using partial‐least squares path modeling, we found that brain tumor treatment predicted network white matter damage, which predicted inter‐network theta hypersynchrony and lower verbal learning (directly) and lower verbal recall (indirectly via theta hypersynchrony). Novel to the literature, our findings suggest that white matter modulates episodic memory through effect on oscillatory synchronization within relevant brain networks.Research Highlights
Investigates the relationship between structural and functional connectivity of episodic memory networks in healthy children and pediatric brain tumor survivors
Pediatric brain tumor survivors demonstrate disrupted episodic memory, white matter microstructure and theta oscillatory synchronization compared to healthy children
Findings suggest white matter microstructure modulates episodic memory through effects on oscillatory synchronization within relevant episodic memory networks
Social isolation and loneliness: Undervalued risk factors for disease states and mortality
Authors: Kanbay Mehmet , Tanriover Cem , Copur Sidar , Peltek Ibrahim B. , Mutlu Ali , Mallamaci Francesca , Zoccali Carmine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial isolation and loneliness are two common but undervalued conditions associated with a poor quality of life, decreased overall health and mortality. In this review, we aim to discuss the health consequences of social isolation and loneliness. We first provide the potential causes of these two conditions. Then, we explain the pathophysiological processes underlying the effects of social isolation and loneliness in disease states. Afterwards, we explain the important associations between these conditions and different non‐communicable diseases, as well as the impact of social isolation and loneliness on health‐related behaviours. Finally, we discuss the current and novel potential management strategies for these conditions. Healthcare professionals who attend to socially isolated and/or lonely patients should be fully competent in these conditions and assess their patients thoroughly to detect and properly understand the effects of isolation and loneliness. Patients should be offered education and treatment alternatives through shared decision‐making. Future studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms better and to improve the treatment strategies for both social isolation and loneliness.
The second life of terrestrial and plastic carbon as nutritionally valuable food for aquatic consumers
Authors: Taipale S. J. , Rigaud C. , Calderini M. L. , Kainz M. J. , Pilecky M. , Uusi‐Heikkilä S. , Vesamäki J. S. , Vuorio K. , Tiirola M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrimary production is the basis for energy and biomolecule flow in food webs. Nutritional importance of terrestrial and plastic carbon via mixotrophic algae to upper trophic level is poorly studied. We explored this question by analysing the contribution of osmo‐ and phagomixotrophic species in boreal lakes and used 13C‐labelled materials and compound‐specific isotopes to determine biochemical fate of carbon backbone of leaves, lignin–hemicellulose and polystyrene at four‐trophic level experiment. Microbes prepared similar amounts of amino acids from leaves and lignin, but four times more membrane lipids from lignin than leaves, and much less from polystyrene. Mixotrophic algae (Cryptomonas sp.) upgraded simple fatty acids to essential omega‐3 and omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Labelled amino and fatty acids became integral parts of cell membranes of zooplankton (Daphnia magna) and fish (Danio rerio). These results show that terrestrial and plastic carbon can provide backbones for essential biomolecules of mixotrophic algae and consumers at higher trophic levels.
A clinical audit of the intravenous fluid therapy given to hospitalised horses
Authors: Dodd Natalie A. , Smith Matthew R. W. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBackgroundThis audit was conducted as it was noted that intravenous fluid therapy (IVFT) was not as precise as anticipated. The aim was to enhance the precision of IVFT given to patients.ObjectivesTo (1) quantify the discrepancies in intravenous fluid administered to patients compared to prescribed volumes; (2) investigate causative factors, and develop an action plan to improve care quality and (3) assess the effectiveness of implemented changes.Study designA clinical audit was conducted. Clinical notes from horses receiving IVFT from January to June 2020 were analysed. Methods of improvement were discussed and implemented and a re‐audit was then conducted from January to June 2021.MethodsA 24‐h period was divided into a day‐time period from 08:00 AM to 18:00 PM and a night period from 18:00 PM to 08:00 AM and the prescribed fluid volume was compared to the actual volume administered to ICU patients during these periods. For the re‐audit, modifications were made, including the use of a modified analogue scale to quantify the remaining fluid volume in the bags, and revised recording sheets for intensive care and fluid therapy.ResultsIn 2020, 19/73 horses had records eligible for analysis. Horses received within 5 L of the prescribed volume in 14/53 (26%) time periods recorded. In 2021, 88/105 horses were eligible for data analysis. Horses received within 5 L of the prescribed volume in 156/220 (71%) time periods recorded. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the difference in fluid volume prescribed and received between 2020 and 2021. The obtained p value of 0.0001295 revealed a significant difference between the 2 years, suggesting that the observed variation in fluid volume was not by chance.ConclusionsThe clinical audit facilitated demonstrable improvement and enhanced the standard of care.
Promoting the health of gender variant children in Italy: Parents' experience with supportive networks
Authors: Iudici Antonio , Orczyk Gloria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this research was to explore the ways in which Italian parents of gender variant (GV) children construct their experience of seeking medical–psychological support and their experience with local services.BackgroundWe refer to gender variance in minors as the process of identification with a gender, other than the one assigned at birth. Parents taking care of their GV children often search for professional support to better understand them and promote their overall well‐being. International research has shown that parents often meet health professionals who are ill‐equipped to support them.MethodWe interviewed 26 parents in Italy with children who are GV. Through discourse analysis, with a focus on Harré's discursive positioning, we discuss how throughout their experience, parents have turned to information from professionals who were mostly uneducated about gender variance, and therefore, unable to help.ResultsA mostly adequate support was received when the parents eventually turned to specialized services for transgender and GV people; however, the fundamental source of support and empowerment is the informal relational network of services and “gender” families.ConclusionParents' reports show that in Italy, health professionals and services addressing gender variance are highly heterogeneous and patchy, thus necessitating a specific training for professionals on the needs of transgender people.ImplicationsThis study is particularly important in the current context of the medicalization of children who are GV, as it offers valuable insights into the experiences of families navigating the complex and often stigmatized world of gender identity development.
Multi‐item unidimensional measurement scale construct: Perceived hygiene development (pHd)
Authors: Iskender Ali , Turk Ercan Sirakaya , Cardenas David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe recent COVID‐19 pandemic experience intensified the significance of hygiene in the service industry. It is crucial to measure how service practice adaptations and technology adoptions in servicescapes have been perceived by customers regarding hygiene in the post‐COVID‐19 era. However, the extant hygiene scales do not serve the purpose to measure hygiene contributions of technology‐specific and service practice‐specific changes. Thus, the purpose of this research was to develop a multi‐item unidimensional perceived hygiene construct. Sequential mixed‐methods research (Qual‐Quan) was employed. Participants were sampled among restaurant patrons. A four‐item perceived hygiene development (pHd) construct was successfully developed. Hospitality and service researchers and practitioners can utilize this scale to measure perceived hygiene improvements of particular technology adoptions and service practice adaptations in service settings.
The role of refuges in biological invasions: A systematic review
Authors: Boon James S. , Keith Sally A. , Exton Dan A. , Field Richard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimEcological refuges buffer organisms against stressors and mediate a range of species interactions. However, their role in the context of biological invasions has yet to be synthesized, despite the increasing prevalence and impact of non‐native species. To address this, we conducted a systematic review aiming to determine the extent to which refuges are considered explicitly in the invasion literature and to synthesize their function.LocationGlobal.Time periodPresent day.Major taxa studiedAll.MethodsOur search of the literature was conducted using the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases and followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) protocol. We obtained 315 records of refuge use in biological invasions from 300 studies. From each record, we extracted information relating to the experimental design, species characteristics and refuge type, where available.ResultsRefuges and refuge‐mediated processes are widely reported in the invasion literature. Native species commonly use refuges to avoid non‐native predation and competition, with spatial complexity and habitat heterogeneity key factors in facilitating their coexistence. Records show that artificial structures safeguard non‐natives in their introduced range. However, there were key differences in the use of such structures in marine and terrestrial environments. Moreover, the enhanced structural complexity created by non‐native plants and bivalves is often reported to act as a predation refuge for other species.Main conclusionsThe ubiquity of refuge‐based processes suggests that refuges can play an important role in affecting the persistence, spread and impacts of non‐native species, either through previously described mechanisms (i.e. refuge‐mediated apparent competition and the persistent pressure scenario) or through a mechanism we describe (i.e. when non‐native species use existing refuges), or both.
EIN INTERVIEW MIT DEM LYRIKER UND THEOLOGEN CHRISTIAN LEHNERT: GESPRÄCH ÜBER DICHTUNG, RELIGION, NATURMYSTIK UND SEINEN LYRIKBAND OPUS 8. IM FLECHTWERK (2022). MIT ZWEI UNVERÖFFENTLICHTEN GEDICHTEN VON CHRISTIAN LEHNERT
Authors: Bingel‐Jones Hanna 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThis article is an interview with the writer Christian Lehnert, who is both a theologian and a distinguished German poet. Linguistic precision, the artful use of semantics from the Christian and Jewish traditions, and an associative, surprising imagery are considered the hallmarks of Lehnert's poetics. The interview examines the relationship of his poetry to theology and religion, the tension between religious and non‐religious interpretations of reality and the personal motivations for his writing. The interview focuses on the pronounced references to nature in his poetry and the influence of nature mysticism in his writing. As Lehnert explains, the recourse to pre‐modern theologies of creation enables him to explore an approach to nature in which, in critical distance to a rational‐functional access to nature, the mysteriousness and strangeness of the non‐human other is understood anew, suggesting a deeper connection with other creatures.