bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5‐(Trifluorovinyl)dibenzothiophenium Triflate: Introducing the 1,1,2‐Trifluoroethylene Tether in Drug‐Like Structures
Authors: Feng Zeyu , Marset Xavier , Tostado Jaime , Kircher Johannes , She Zhijie , Golz Christopher , Mata Ricardo A. , Simon Martin , Alcarazo Manuel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis manuscript reports the synthesis and structure of an unprecedented sulfonium salt, 5‐(trifluorovinyl)dibenzothiophenium triflate, and its use as a versatile reagent for the introduction of the bioisosteric 1,1,2‐trifluoroethylene linker in drug‐like structures. The protocol developed consists of the reaction of this compound with alcohols and phenols to deliver a complete set of 1,2,2‐trifluoro‐2‐(alkoxy‐/aryloxy)ethyl sulfonium salts, which have been purified by column chromatography and fully characterized. Subsequent single electron reduction under mild photochemical conditions efficiently affords the corresponding fluoroalkyl radicals that are trapped either intra‐ or intermolecularly through their reaction with (hetero)arenes. Theoretical calculations are used to evaluate the conformational consequences derived from the presence of the CF2−CHF tether.
Enhanced n‐Type Thermoelectric Performance of Conjugated Polymers Based on an Indandione‐Terminated Quinoidal Unit through Comonomer Optimization
Authors: Du Tian , Liu Yingying , Deng Yunfeng , Geng Yanhou 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryConjugated polymers (CPs) containing quinoidal units are promising in n‐type organic thermoelectric materials because of their deep‐positioned lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels and planar conjugated backbones. Herein, three CPs have been synthesized by copolymerizing an indandione‐terminated quinoidal unit with bithiophene derivatives. Owning to the high electron affinity of the indandione‐terminated quinoidal unit, all polymers showed deep LUMO energy levels below –4.10 eV. Incorporating electron‐withdrawing substituents (F or CN) on the bithiophene comonomer can further downshift the LUMO energy levels. As a result, a more efficient n‐doping process can be realized when employing 4‐(2,3‐dihydro‐1,3‐dimethyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐ yl)‐N,N‐dimethylbenzenamine (N‐DMBI) as the dopant. Ultimately, the polymer with CN substituents delivered the best thermoelectric performance with a power factor of up to 2.14 μW·m−1·K−2, because it possessed the lowest LUMO energy level among the three CPs. This work highlights that the modulation of LUMO energy level is an effective strategy to optimize the thermoelectric performance of CPs.
Recombineering in Non‐Model Bacteria
Authors: Corts Anna , Thomason Lynn C. , Costantino Nina , Court Donald L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe technology of recombineering, in vivo genetic engineering, was initially developed in Escherichia coli and uses bacteriophage‐encoded homologous recombination proteins to efficiently recombine DNA at short homologies (35 to 50 nt). Because the technology is homology driven, genomic DNA can be modified precisely and independently of restriction site location. Recombineering uses linear DNA substrates that are introduced into the cell by electroporation; these can be PCR products, synthetic double‐strand DNA (dsDNA), or single‐strand DNA (ssDNA). Here we describe the applications, challenges, and factors affecting ssDNA and dsDNA recombineering in a variety of non‐model bacteria, both Gram‐negative and ‐positive, and recent breakthroughs in the field. We list different microbes in which the widely used phage λ Red and Rac RecET recombination systems have been used for in vivo genetic engineering. New homologous ssDNA and dsDNA recombineering systems isolated from non‐model bacteria are also described. The Basic Protocol outlines a method for ssDNA recombineering in the non‐model species of Shewanella. The Alternate Protocol describes the use of CRISPR/Cas as a counter‐selection system in conjunction with recombineering to enhance recovery of recombinants. We provide additional background information, pertinent considerations for experimental design, and parameters critical for success. The design of ssDNA oligonucleotides (oligos) and various internet‐based tools for oligo selection from genome sequences are also described, as is the use of oligo‐mediated recombination. This simple form of genome editing uses only ssDNA oligo(s) and does not require an exogenous recombination system. The information presented here should help researchers identify a recombineering system suitable for their microbe(s) of interest. If no system has been characterized for a specific microbe, researchers can find guidance in developing a recombineering system from scratch. We provide a flowchart of decision‐making paths for strategically applying annealase‐dependent or oligo‐mediated recombination in non‐model and undomesticated bacteria. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.Basic Protocol: ssDNA recombineering in Shewanella speciesAlternate Protocol: ssDNA recombineering coupled to CRISPR/Cas9 in Shewanella species
From DNA barcodes to ecology: Meta‐analysis of central European beetles reveal link with species ecology but also to data pattern and gaps
Authors: Ottati Sara , Eberle Jonas , Rulik Björn , Köhler Frank , Ahrens Dirk 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDNA barcoding has been used worldwide to identify biological specimens and to delimit species. It represents a cost‐effective, fast, and efficient way to assess biodiversity with help of the public Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) accounting for more than 236,000 animal species and more than 10 million barcode sequences. Here, we performed a meta‐analysis of available barcode data of central European Coleoptera to detect intraspecific genetic patterns among ecological groups in relation to geographic distance with the aim to investigate a possible link between infraspecific variation and species ecology. We collected information regarding feeding style, body size, as well as habitat and biotope preferences. Mantel tests and two variants of Procrustes analysis, both involving the Principal Coordinates Neighborhood Matrices (PCNM) approach, were applied on genetic and geographic distance matrices. However, significance levels were too low to further use the outcome for further trait investigation: these were in mean for all ecological guilds only 7.5, 9.4, or 15.6% for PCNM + PCA, NMDS + PCA, and Mantel test, respectively, or at best 28% for a single guild. Our study confirmed that certain ecological traits were associated with higher species diversity and foster stronger genetic differentiation. Results suggest that increased numbers of species, sampling localities, and specimens for a chosen area of interest may give new insights to explore barcode data and species ecology for the scope of conservation on a larger scale.
Post‐weaning survival in kangaroos is high and constant until senescence: Implications for population dynamics
Authors: Bergeron Rachel , Pigeon Gabriel , Forsyth David M. , King Wendy J. , Festa‐Bianchet Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLarge herbivores typically have consistently high prime‐aged adult survival and lower, more variable, juvenile, and senescent survival. Many kangaroo populations undergo greater fluctuations in density compared with other large herbivores, but age‐ and sex‐specific survival of kangaroos and their response to environmental variation remain poorly estimated. We used long‐term capture–mark–recapture data on 920 individuals to investigate the survival component of eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) population dynamics. Forage availability and population density were monitored quarterly and included as predictors of survival in Bayesian Cormack–Jolly–Seber models. Annual survival probabilities were estimated for five age classes: 0 years (juveniles), 1–2 years (subadults), 3–6 years (prime‐aged adults), 7–9 years (presenescent adults), and ≥10 years (senescent adults). Survival of juveniles varied widely during our 12‐year study, ranging from 0.07 to 0.90 for females and 0.05–0.92 for males. Subadult survival was 0.80–0.93 for females and 0.75–0.85 for males, while that of prime‐aged adults was ≥0.94 for females and ≥0.83 for males, despite large fluctuations in forage and density. The survival of presenescent adults spanned 0.86–0.93 for females and 0.60–0.86 for males. Senescent survival was variable, at 0.49–0.90 for females and 0.49–0.80 for males. Male survival was significantly lower than female survival in prime‐aged and presenescent adults, but not in other age classes. Although most of the models supported by Watanabe–Akaike Information Criterion selection included at least one environmental covariate, none of these covariates individually had a discernible effect on survival. Temporal variability in overall survival appeared mostly due to changes in the survival of juvenile and senescent kangaroos. Kangaroo survival patterns are similar to those of ungulates, suggesting a strong role of sex–age structure on population dynamics.
Beliefs in inevitable justice curb revenge behaviours: Cultural perspectives on karma
Authors: Goyal Namrata , Miller Joan G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcross cultures, people believe that moral actions have ‘karmic’ consequences. Do cultures share assumptions about how karma operates? Four studies (N = 1114) assessed cultural differences in perceptions of inevitability associated with karmic justice and whether perceiving karma as inevitable curbs antisocial behaviours, such as revenge. Study 1 found that Indians perceived karmic justice as more inevitable than Americans and reported lower revenge. Studies 2–3 manipulated whether participants saw karmic justice as inevitable (vs. probable), finding that both Indians and Americans in the inevitable justice condition reported lower revenge. Study 3 found that perceived punishment certainty for oneself (for enacting revenge) rather than perceived punishment certainty for the offender (for the offence) better explained condition differences in revenge. Study 4 uncovered that reincarnation belief related to, and explained, cultural differences in inevitable karmic justice, which subsequently curbed revenge. Research on karma can uncover a range of cultural differences in psychological functioning.
Solvatochromic coextraction‐based optical carbonate nanosensors
Authors: Tiuftiakov Nikolai Yu. , Robinson Kye J. , Bakker Eric 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIonophore‐based carbonate‐selective sensors have become reliable analytical tools due to their high selectivity and versatility of applications. Nonetheless, successful examples of their implementation in nanoscale devices are yet to be found in the literature. Herein we describe the first attempt to develop carbonate sensors with ionophores using ion‐selective nanoemulsions. Classical chromoionophore‐based sensors were shown to perform poorly upon transfer to the nanoscale. We hypothesize that this is caused by the heightened surface activity of the ion‐ionophore complex. This challenge is overcome by the addition of a positively charged solvatochromic dye X3+ to the aqueous phase instead of the sensing particles. The presence of this dye facilitates transfer of carbonate from the particle surface into the sensor bulk, which is followed by an unexpected change of fluorescence with the emergence of a new peak at longer wavelengths, allowing for a ratiometric signal transduction. We have found that this spectral change originates from dye hyper‐polarization by the charged moiety of carbonate complex with the ionophore, in analogy to earlier work with protamine nanosensors. The dye‐coextraction‐based sensing protocol is shown to be reversible and selective with regard to both anionic and cationic interferences present in the sample and forms the foundation for further mechanistic advances for anion sensing with ionophores.
Privacy‐preserving blockchain‐based contract signing with multi‐party supervision
Authors: Zhang Tong , Wang Yujue , Ding Yong , Jiang Xuhang , Liang Hai , Wang Huiyong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith the advancement of information technology, electronic contracts are gradually replacing paper contracts. Blockchain can serve as a decentralized trusted third party to help signatories solve the fairness of electronic contract signing. However, most of the existing blockchain‐based contract signing protocols are only applicable to two‐party signing, and lack the supervision of the contract and the protection of its confidentiality under supervision. This article proposes a privacy‐preserving blockchain‐based contract signing system with multi‐party supervision (CSS), in which multiple supervisors are set up to supervise contracts by voting. Before supervision, an identity‐based multi‐receiver re‐encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the contract, which takes less computation and can control the access rights of different supervisors, thus ensuring the privacy of the contract. Security analysis shows that the proposed CSS system enjoys unforgeability, non‐repudiation and fairness of electronic contract signing, and realizes privacy protection and access control under multi‐party supervision. Performance analysis demonstrates the high efficiency of our construction.
A PRECEDE‐PROCEED model‐based educational intervention to promote healthy eating habits in middle school girls
Authors: Arshad Asma , Shaheen Fouzia , Safdar Waseem , Tariq Muhammad R. , Navid Muhammad T. , Qazi Asma S. , Awan Mohammad A. , Sajid Muhammad W. , Garti Humphrey K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present study was designed to develop Nutrition Education Program (NEP) based on PRECEDE‐PROCEED model (PPM) to address healthy eating behavior among middle school girls aged between 4 and 12 years. For this, middle school girls from grade 1 to 8 (n = 900) were consulted for their eating behaviors, followed by the analysis of their health problems. From 15 different schools of three large cities (Faisalabad, Lahore, and Rawalpindi) of Pakistan, students were divided into two groups: control group (n = 30) and intervention group (n = 30) from each school. The data were collected through interview‐based questionnaires according to the phases of PRECEDE Model and evaluated based on PROCEED model. Implementation of NEP was carried out through lectures. Lessons were prepared to enhance student's awareness about nutritious food and healthy lifestyle through educational pamphlets and influenced their attitude towards selection of food choices from My‐Plate. Results showed that NEP was quite successful for long‐term results. A significant increase in total caloric intake was observed after 8 weeks of NEP intervention (1694 ± 217 Kcal) as compared to before intervention (1329 ± 318 Kcal). Similarly, carbohydrate, protein, and fat content was also increased in daily diet. Conclusively, NEP based on PPM has great impact on healthy lifestyle of middle school girls. Significant difference was observed in score of health variables before and after NEP intervention.
Transoral robotic surgery in a modified Trendelenburg position for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with severe thoracic kyphosis
Authors: Lee Ying Ki , Manek Roshni , Hardman John , Ghedia Reshma , Hariri Ahmad , Lacey Orla , Harrington Kevin , Paleri Vinidh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundExcessive flexion of the neck and upper back from severe kyphosis of the thoracic spine may limit treatment options for head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsWe describe an innovative approach to transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in a patient with severe thoracic kyphosis and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) who was unsuitable for definitive radiotherapy.ResultsDetailed discussion of management pathway, perioperative considerations, and surgical challenges is presented. TORS lateral oropharyngectomy was successfully performed with the robotic system docked from the caudal end in a modified Trendelenburg position.ConclusionsWith appropriate surgical and anesthetic planning, TORS for patients with severe thoracic kyphosis is a feasible and suitable treatment.
Nature‐inspired K+‐sensitive imaging probes for biomedical applications
Authors: Wang Qiyue , Yang Shengfei , Li Fangyuan , Ling Daishun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn living systems, potassium ion (K+) plays a vital role in a variety of physiological functions, whose dyshomeostasis has been seen as a biomarker of many diseases. Consequently, real‐time monitoring of K+ dynamics would benefit disease diagnosis and offer insight into the pathogenic mechanisms as well as the progression of diseases. By learning from K+‐specific substances in nature, such as ionophores, ion channels and DNA G‐quadruplex, this perspective introduces the ingenious designs, imaging functionalities, and response principles of K+‐sensitive probes. Furthermore, the recent advances in K+ probes for disease diagnosis, especially for brain disorders and tumors, are briefly summarized. Finally, we highlight the current challenges and future perspectives of K+‐sensitive probes for biomedical applications.
Inside Cover
Authors: Lombardo Giuseppe , Bernava Giuseppe Massimo , Serrao Sebastiano , Lombardo Marco 
Published: December 2022

Theranostics is a breakthrough paradigm of personalized and precision medicine for treatment of visual disorders. In this work, accuracy and precision of this therapeutic approach for achieving predictable strengthening of corneal tissue biomechanics were assessed on eye bank human donor tissues. Theranostic UV‐A light mediated imaging and photo‐activation of the tissues enriched with riboflavin demonstrated highly precise and predictable real time assessment of treatment efficacy on individual corneas.Further details can be found in the article by Giuseppe Lombardo, Giuseppe Massimo Bernava, Sebastiano Serrao, and Marco Lombardo (e202200218).
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Mendelian randomization study on the causal effect of chickenpox on dementia
Authors: Zhou Shan , Zhu Gaizhi , Xu Yaqi , Gao Ran , Zhang Min , Zeng Qi , Su Wenting , Wang Renxi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSome viruses, such as varicella zoster virus, are associated with severe dementia. The present study aims to identify the causal link between chickenpox and dementia. To date, the largest publicly available genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for chickenpox (710 cases and 211 856 controls from European individuals) and for dementia (5933 cases and 212 859 controls from European individuals) were used to performed this two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. We found no significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity in all seven selected chickenpox genetic instrumental variants in dementia GWAS. Of seven chickenpox genetic variants, two are located in the intergenic region and five are located in intron. We found that as chickenpox genetically increased, dementia risk increased based on an inverse‐variance weighted analysis (β = 0.070, 95% confidence interval [CI] for β: 0.014–0.126; odds ratio [OR] = 1.073, 95% CI for OR: 1.015–1.134; p = 0.014) and weighted median (β = 0.071, 95% CI for β: 0.002–0.141; OR = 1.074, 95% CI for OR: 1.002–1.152; p = 0.045). Reverse MR analysis showed no causal effect of dementia on chickenpox. Our analysis suggests a causal effect of genetically increased chickenpox on dementia risk. Thus, chickenpox may be a potential risk factor for dementia.
Clinical severity of Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 in a population‐based cohort study in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Russell Shannon L. , Klaver Braeden R. A. , Harrigan Sean P. , Kamelian Kimia , Tyson John , Hoang Linda , Taylor Marsha , Sander Beate , Mishra Sharmistha , Prystajecky Natalie , Janjua Naveed Z. , Zlosnik James E. A. , Sbihi Hind 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 variant Omicron emerged in late 2021. In British Columbia (BC), Canada, and globally, three genetically distinct subvariants of Omicron, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5, emerged and became dominant successively within an 8‐month period. SARS‐CoV‐2 subvariants continue to circulate in the population, acquiring new mutations that have the potential to alter infectivity, immunity, and disease severity. Here, we report a propensity‐matched severity analysis from residents of BC over the course of the Omicron wave, including 39,237 individuals infected with BA.1, BA.2, or BA.5 based on paired high‐quality sequence data and linked to comprehensive clinical outcomes data between December 23, 2021 and August 31, 2022. Relative to BA.1, BA.2 cases were associated with a 15% and 28% lower risk of hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aHRhospital = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.096–1.252; aHRICU = 1.368; 95% CI = 1.152–1.624), whereas BA.5 infections were associated with an 18% higher risk of hospitalization (aHRhospital = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.133–1.224) after accounting for age, sex, comorbidities, vaccination status, geography, and social determinants of health. Phylogenetic analysis revealed no specific subclades associated with more severe clinical outcomes for any Omicron subvariant. In summary, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 subvariants were associated with differences in clinical severity, emphasizing how variant‐specific monitoring programs remain critical components of patient and population‐level public health responses as the pandemic continues.
A hidden anchor: The influence of service levels on demand forecasts
Authors: Fahimnia Behnam , Arvan Meysam , Tan Tarkan , Siemsen Enno 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDemand planning is informed by demand forecasts, service level requirements, replenishment constraints, and revenue projections. “Demand forecasts” differ from “demand plans” in that forecasts only represent the distribution (or the most likely value) of product demand. Motivated by common forecasting practices in industry, our research examines whether forecasters recognize this difference between demand forecasts and demand plans. Based on a lab experiment informed by data from two large FMCG companies, we found that forecasters factor service levels into their demand forecasts, even when they are clearly instructed to predict the most likely demand and incentivized to minimize the forecast error. We establish that this result holds for students and practitioners alike, and show that this behavior is driven by the service level information, and not some other anchor. We use data from a recent industry survey to support the external validity of our key findings.