bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement in the toughness and adhesive properties of cyanate ester resin by incorporation of fluorinated poly(aryl ether nitrile)
Authors: Liu Caizhao , Sun Mingming , He Yuhong , Zhang Xugang , Zhang Bin , Li Jianhui , Xue Gang , Yuan Zhigang , Bai Xuefeng , Liu Wenbin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCyanate ester (CE) resins possess excellent thermal and mechanical characteristics, yet their brittleness and high cross‐link density limit their practical application. To overcome this limitation, the modification of CE with thermoplastic resins has been employed as an effective strategy to enhance their toughness and mechanical properties. In this study, a novel fluorinated poly(aryl ether nitrile) (PFPEN) with excellent solubility and thermal properties was synthesized through a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The effect of the addition of PFPEN on a blend composed of bisphenol A cyanate ester (ACE) and a mixed catalyst was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the addition of PFPEN facilitated the curing reaction of ACE, resulting in a lower exothermic peak temperature. Compared to the pure ACE, the addition of PFPEN at 20 phr significantly improved the tensile and impact strengths of the resin, as well as enhanced the lap shear strength at room temperature by 36% and the peel strength by 320%, respectively. The scanning electron microscope results showed a ductile fracture mechanism. However, it should be noted that the decrease in crosslinking density resulting from the addition of PFPEN may affect the lap shear strength at 300°C and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material.
Terahertz spectroscopy research on motion‐limited molecular chain of random polymethacrylate
Authors: Huang Yaqiong , Yang Xiaojie , Li Jianxi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, an innovative method was used to examine the impact of gamma‐ray irradiation on three specific monomers: methyl methacrylate (MMA), hexyl methacrylate (HMA), and lauryl methacrylate (LMA). The primary objective was to produce corresponding polymers—polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyhexyl methacrylate (PHMA), and poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA). The significance of the research was determined by conducting a thorough analysis of the thermal properties and structural characteristics of these polymers using advanced techniques, including thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA‐DSC), as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicated that irradiation at a 30 kGy dose caused distinct decomposition of ester groups within the polymer matrices. Additionally, a clear trend was observed in the maximum exothermic temperature among the three polymers, with PMMA exhibiting the lowest temperature, followed by PLMA, and PHMA with the highest temperature. Surprisingly, when the radiation dose exceeded 30 kGy, PHMA's thermal stability peaked, demonstrating remarkable resistance to further changes. This highlights the crucial role of radiation dosage in adjusting polymer thermal properties. Furthermore, analysis of infrared characteristic peaks identified a critical radiation dose range between 15 and 30 kGy, where polymerization was efficiently promoted without generating extra by‐products, showcasing experimental ingenuity. Lastly, optical properties of the synthesized polymers were explored using THz time‐domain spectroscopy. Results showed intriguing changes in refractive indices following 30 kGy dose irradiation. Specifically, MMA and HMA exhibited moderate refractive index increases, while LMA displayed a significant decrease. Notably, PHMA demonstrated substantial absorption reduction beyond 15 kGy doses, with minimal further changes, highlighting the potential to customize polymer optical properties through controlled irradiation.
Tribological properties of differently shaped zinc‐based metal‐organic framework particles reinforced epoxy resin composites
Authors: Zhou Yuxuan , Pan Bingli , Wang Mengdan , Feng Yuanyuan , Nie Peipei , He Xuejian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, two zinc‐based metal–organic frameworks (Zn‐MOFs) with different morphologies were successfully produced by the surfactant‐mediated synthesis method. They were grown on the Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polydopamine (PDA) to prepare PTFE/PDA/Zn‐MOFs fiber fabrics. Then the epoxy resin (EP) matrix was poured onto fabrics to prepare EP/PTFE/PDA/Zn‐MOF. PTFE was modified by introducing a PDA adhesion layer, which can provide absorption sites for Zn‐MOFs growth and improve the bonding strength with EP. The microscopic morphologies and structures of the PTFE and modified PTFE were studied. Compared with pure EP, the friction coefficient and specific wear rate of the EP/PTFE/PDA/ZnMOF2 composite were reduced by 67% and 91%, and the EP/PTFE/PDA/ZnMOF1 composite were reduced by 55% and 88%, respectively, which were due to the loading of ZnMOF2 onto the PTFE surface, improving the interfacial bonding between the PTFE and EP matrix and can prevent the PTFE fabric from coming out of the EP matrix. ZnMOF2 also presents its structural advantage: the unique thin layer structure plays a vital role in friction and wear reduction.
Recent Advances in Polyoxometalate Based Nanoplatforms Mediated Reactive Oxygen Species Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yue Zhengya , Wang Runjie , Li Jialun , Tang Minglu , Yang Li , Gu Hao , Wang Xijin , Sun Tiedong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS) cancer therapy in tumor treatment has been greatly enhanced by the introduction of catalytically superior polyoxometalate (POM)‐based nanoplatforms, mainly composed of atomic clusters consisting of pre‐transition metals and oxygen. These nanoplatforms have unique advantages, such as Fenton activity at neutral pH, induction of cellular ferroptosis instead of just apoptosis, and sensitivity to external field stimulation. However, there are also inevitable challenges such as neutralization of ROS by the antioxidant system of the tumor microenvironment (TME), hypoxia, and limited hydrogen peroxide concentrations. This review article aims to provide an overview of recent research advancements in POM‐based nanoplatforms for ROS therapy from the perspective of chemical reactions and biological processes, addressing endogenous and exogenous factors that affect the antitumor efficacy. Endogenous factors include the mechanism of ROS generation by POM, the impact of pH and antioxidant systems on POM, and the various manners of tumor cell death. Exogenous stimuli mainly include light, heat, X‐rays, and electricity. The article analyzes the specific mechanisms of action of each influencing factor in the first two sections, concluding with the limitations of the present study and some possible directions for future research.
The Selective Social Attention task in children with autism spectrum disorder: Results from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials (ABC‐CT) feasibility study
Authors: Shic Frederick , Barney Erin C. , Naples Adam J. , Dommer Kelsey J. , Chang Shou An , Li Beibin , McAllister Takumi , Atyabi Adham , Wang Quan , Bernier Raphael , Dawson Geraldine , Dziura James , Faja Susan , Jeste Shafali Spurling , Murias Michael , Johnson Scott P. , Sabatos‐DeVito Maura , Helleman Gerhard , Senturk Damla , Sugar Catherine A. , Webb Sara Jane , McPartland James C. , Chawarska Katarzyna ,   The Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Selective Social Attention (SSA) task is a brief eye‐tracking task involving experimental conditions varying along socio‐communicative axes. Traditionally the SSA has been used to probe socially‐specific attentional patterns in infants and toddlers who develop autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This current work extends these findings to preschool and school‐age children. Children 4‐ to 12‐years‐old with ASD (N = 23) and a typically‐developing comparison group (TD; N = 25) completed the SSA task as well as standardized clinical assessments. Linear mixed models examined group and condition effects on two outcome variables: percent of time spent looking at the scene relative to scene presentation time (%Valid), and percent of time looking at the face relative to time spent looking at the scene (%Face). Age and IQ were included as covariates. Outcome variables' relationships to clinical data were assessed via correlation analysis. The ASD group, compared to the TD group, looked less at the scene and focused less on the actress' face during the most socially‐engaging experimental conditions. Additionally, within the ASD group, %Face negatively correlated with SRS total T‐scores with a particularly strong negative correlation with the Autistic Mannerism subscale T‐score. These results highlight the extensibility of the SSA to older children with ASD, including replication of between‐group differences previously seen in infants and toddlers, as well as its ability to capture meaningful clinical variation within the autism spectrum across a wide developmental span inclusive of preschool and school‐aged children. The properties suggest that the SSA may have broad potential as a biomarker for ASD.
Towards Understanding the Variation of Electrode Design Parameters on the Electrochemical Performance of Aluminum Graphite Batteries: An Experimental and Simulation Study
Authors: Appiah Williams Agyei , Stockham Mark P. , Garcia Lastra Juan Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to their high power density and availability, aluminum batteries consisting of graphite positive electrode and ionic liquid electrolytes are promising candidates for post‐lithium‐ion batteries. However, the effect of the various electrode design parameters on their electrochemical performance is not well understood. Herein, a high‐fidelity physics‐based model validated with experimental data obtained from a Swagelok cell consisting of an aluminum metal negative electrode, imidazolium ionic liquid electrolyte, and graphite positive electrode is used to study the effects of various electrode design parameters on the discharge capacity. The model is used to optimize the design of the electrodes by generating several Ragone plots, estimating the optimum current density for a given cell design, and explaining the limitations of the cells based on the transport of the electroactive species. An optimum graphite thickness of 50 μm is obtained for all the discharge times considered in this study. Determining the ideal electrode configuration for Al‐graphite batteries using different ionic liquid electrolytes and considering various discharge durations could provide a reference point for evaluating the suitability of a specific ionic liquid electrolyte in a particular use case.
Mehraxiales Tragverhalten von hochfestem Feinbeton für die Carbonbetonanwendung
Authors: Betz Peter , Speck Kerstin , Marx Steffen , Curbach Manfred 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFür den Einsatz im Carbonbetonbau wurden hochfeste Feinbetone entwickelt, deren einaxiales Tragverhalten bereits umfassend untersucht wurde. Im Gegensatz dazu liegen über das Materialverhalten bei mehraxialer Beanspruchung bisher kaum Erkenntnisse vor. In diesem Beitrag wird für einen dieser Feinbetone die biaxiale Tragfähigkeit bei unterschiedlichen Lastverhältnissen untersucht und ein Vergleich mit dem Verhalten anderer biaxial beanspruchter hochfester Betone vorgenommen. Weiterhin wird der Einfluss der Probengeometrie diskutiert, wofür sowohl Versuche an kubischen als auch an scheibenförmigen Betonproben durchgeführt wurden. Abschließend wird der Einfluss des Herstellungsverfahrens, insbesondere des für die Carbonbetonbauweise typischen Laminierverfahrens, näher betrachtet. Diese Untersuchungen dienen als Grundlage für zukünftige Untersuchungen zur biaxialen Druckfestigkeit von Carbonbeton.
Comparison of several HPLC methods for the analysis of vitamin C
Authors: Moldoveanu Serban C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAscorbic acid is a water‐soluble vitamin common in food and dietary supplements. A usual problem with ascorbic acid analysis is the lack of stability of its samples and standard solutions owing to oxidation. A procedure to protect ascorbic acid from oxidation using mercaptoethanol is described in this study in connection with the comparison of three HPLC measuring methods. Two reversed‐phase columns were evaluated for the separation. One technique uses UV detection, and two others use MS/MS detection. The methods were calibrated for quantitation on different ranges of concentrations. The LC–UV method covers the range 3.9 μg/ml to 500 μg/ml, one LC–MS/MS the range 80 ng/ml to 20 μg/ml, and the other 0.1 ng/ml to 20 μg/ml. As a proof of functionality all three methods were utilized for measuring vitamin C in energy drinks and chews (gummies). The sensitivity of LC–MS/MS methods was not necessary for the analysis of those samples, but the high sensitivity can be beneficial for other types of sample such as environmental or biological, where the levels of ascorbic acid are very low. The study showed that the formation of 2,3‐diketogulonic acid is not a likely path for ascorbic acid oxidation following hydrolysis as reported in some studies.
Development and validation of an LC–MS/MS method for the determination of ARN14988, an acid ceramidase inhibitor, and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in a mouse model
Authors: Rajaratnam Vilashini , Islam Mohammad Mohiminul , Kub Ethan F. , Rajaratnam Shaarwin , Kim Kyu Bum , Rahman Md Toufiqur , Rashid Farjana , Benko Anna M. , Cook James M. , Arnold Leggy A. , Mirza Shama P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite aggressive treatment approaches, the overall survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients remained poor with a strong need for more effective chemotherapeutic agents. A previous study has shown that ARN14988 is more cytotoxic to GBM cells compared to US Food and Drug Administration‐approved temozolomide. This finding makes ARN14988 a desirable candidate for further pharmacological assessment. Therefore, an efficient analytical method is needed to quantify ARN14988. Herein, we have developed and validated sample preparation and LC–MS/MS triple quadrupole (QQQ) method for quantification of ARN14988 in mouse plasma. In this method, the liquid–liquid extraction of ARN14988 from mouse plasma was performed using 5% ethyl acetate in hexane. The chromatographic separation was achieved using a C18‐column with mobile phases of 10 mm ammonium acetate (pH 5) and 0.1% formic acid in methanol, within a runtime of 10 min. The monitored transitions were m/z 391.20 → m/z 147.00 for ARN14988, and m/z 455.30 → m/z 165.00 for verapamil (internal standard) in positive electrospray ionization. The developed method for ARN14988 showed linearity over the range of 10–5,000 ng/ml (r2 > 0.99). The selectivity, sensitivity, matrix effect, recovery, stability, inter‐day and intraday accuracy and precision were determined using four quality control samples. This validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of ARN14988 in mice.
Barriers to counselling experienced by British South Asian women: A thematic analysis exploration
Authors: Moller Naomi , Burgess Victoria , Jogiyat Zainab 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to explore the attitudes and beliefs that second‐generation South Asian women living in Britain hold about counselling, with a particular focus on how these beliefs may impact on the process of help‐seeking for psychological distress.MethodologyEighty‐two second‐generation British South Asian women aged 18–40 (M = 24), the majority of whom (92%) had no experience of counselling, responded to a qualitative survey. The data were analysed with thematic analysis.FindingsAn over‐arching theme of ‘Stereotyping’ was identified from the analysis; this theme emerged from the data under four main categories which were best summarised by the following open‐ended statements: ‘White counsellors are…’, ‘Asian counsellors are…’, ‘Counselling is…’ and ‘People with psychological problems are…’. Participants identified attitudes and beliefs about counselling, counsellors and psychological distress which revealed widespread generalisations and stereotypes. Some of these views were culturally specific whilst others reflected stereotypes commonly held by the population as a whole, but they all had the potential to act as barriers to help‐seeking.ImplicationsImplications from the study findings are that services should consider how to address stereotypes which may make it harder for South Asian women to seek help from counselling services if they are experiencing psychological distress. This might involve initiatives to address beliefs, attitudes and behaviours that may act as a barrier to help‐seeking. In addition, practitioners should understand that their ethnicity and religious identity may have significant meaning for this population.
Facilitating change in a client's dysfunctional behavioural pattern with horse‐aided psychotherapy. A case study
Authors: Johansen Siv G. , Arfwedson Wang Catharina E. , Binder Per‐Einar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to describe how therapeutic interaction with a horse has the potential to provide opportunities to work with relational issues for a client with a background of parental substance misuse and severe trauma in childhood.BackgroundPsychotherapy facilitated by horses uses the client/horse relationship as an aid for breaking dysfunctional behavioural patterns. The key therapeutic element is to use the horse's high sensitivity and responsiveness to human body language as an aid to improve awareness of emotions, bodily responses and communication.MethodologyA single case study with in‐depth interviews was conducted using Interpersonal Process Recall to reveal subjective configurations of events in therapy and their corresponding reflections. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the material.FindingsFour themes were found in the analysis. The client displayed dysfunctional behavioural patterns in the relationship with the horse. The negative reactions and uncooperativeness the client got from the horse aided the client in changing to more constructive behaviour.ImplicationsThis study may give increased awareness of the benefits of psychotherapy facilitated by horses.
Multi‐temporal scale aggregation refinement graph convolutional network for skeleton‐based action recognition
Authors: Li Xuanfeng , Lu Jian , Zhou Jian , Liu Wei , Zhang Kaibing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSkeleton‐based human action recognition is gaining significant attention and finding widespread application in various fields, such as virtual reality and human‐computer interaction systems. Recent studies have highlighted the effectiveness of graph convolutional network (GCN) based methods in this task, leading to a remarkable improvement in prediction accuracy. However, most GCN‐based methods overlook the varying contributions of self, centripetal and centrifugal subsets. Besides, only a single‐scale temporal feature is adopted, and the multi‐temporal scale information is ignored. To this end, firstly, in order to differentiate the importance of different skeleton subsets, we develop a refinement graph convolution, which can adaptively learn a weight for each subset feature. Secondly, a multi‐temporal scale aggregation module is proposed to extract more discriminative temporal dynamic information. Furthermore, a multi‐temporal scale aggregation refinement graph convolutional network (MTSA‐RGCN) is proposed, and four‐stream structure is also adopted in this paper, which can comprehensively model complementary features and eventually achieves a significant performance boost. In the empirical experiments, the performance of our approach has been greatly improved on both NTU‐RGB+D 60 and NTU‐RGB+D 120 datasets, compared to other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Double Stranded DNA Binding Stapled Peptides: An Emerging Tool for Transcriptional Regulation
Authors: Paquette André R. , Boddy Christopher N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStapled peptides have rapidly established themselves as a powerful technique to mimic α‐helical interactions with a short peptide sequence. There are many examples of stapled peptides that successfully disrupt α‐helix‐mediated protein‐protein interactions, with an example currently in clinical trials. DNA‐protein interactions are also often mediated by α‐helices and are involved in all transcriptional regulation processes. Unlike DNA‐binding small molecules, which typically lack DNA sequence selectivity, DNA‐binding proteins bind with high affinity and high selectivity. These are ideal candidates for the design DNA‐binding stapled peptides. Despite the parallel to protein‐protein interaction disrupting stapled peptides and the need for sequence specific DNA binders, there are very few DNA‐binding stapled peptides. In this review we examine all the known DNA‐binding stapled peptides. Their design concepts are compared to stapled peptides that disrupt protein‐protein interactions and based on the few examples in the literature, DNA‐binding stapled peptide trends are discussed.
Linear Polymer Comprising Dual Functionalities with Hierarchical Pores for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Aher Jagadish D. , Palani Sathishkumar , Krishnamoorthy Kothandam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic materials with carbonyl, azo, nitrile and imine moieties are widely used in lithium batteries. The solubility of these materials in battery electrolytes is an issue. Aggregation of the organic molecules can suppress the solubility, but the accessibility of lithium‐ion is hindered. Therefore, insoluble porous organic materials are desired. Herein, we synthesized a linear polymer with carbonyl and azo functionalities. Due to the presence of easily isomerizable azo moiety, a porous polymer was obtained. The polymer showed nano and micropores. The battery with the porous polymer showed an impressive specific capacity of 400 mA h/g at 0.2 A/g. If the battery is pre‐conditioned, the specific capacity increased to 615 mA h/g at the same current density. The post‐mortem analysis of the battery confirmed that the polymer didn't dissolve in the battery electrolyte. The control material is a small molecule with carbonyl and azo moieties that showed a poor specific capacity of 40 mA h/g indicating the necessity to have a hierarchically porous dual‐functional polymer.