bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Netiquette rules in online learning through the lens of digital citizenship scale in the post-corona era
Authors: Al-Khatib Tahani 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the trending term: “Netiquette” as an important element in the effective digital citizenship. The research suggests a systematic framework of netiquette rules in the field of online education based on the classical core rules of netiquette and according to the digital citizenship scale (DCS). The research also studies the corresponding responsibilities of both educators and students to raise awareness towards using technology in a balanced, safe, smart and ethical way as the shift towards the digital activities increased significantly in the post-corona time.

Design/methodology/approach
The research used the qualitative data that were based on the everyday observation and analysis of the online education experience at the university of Jordan in the academic year 2020/2021; the online group discussions of students and teachers; and investigating the guidelines of the online learning netiquette rules in various academic institutes. Comparative analysis was conducted to merge and eliminate redundant rules and to add sub rules, and then to cluster them into groups. The suggested clustered groups were distributed into the classical core rules outline of netiquette. In each core rule, the sub rules were reclassified and recategorized according to the DCS by studying the complexity levels and their corresponding factors. The suggested framework updates and adds DCS levels and factors considering the exceptional experience of online education through the pandemic.

Findings
The research finds that “Netiquette” had been neglected in cyber ethics literature, and so it has to be rediscovered through the lens of digital citizenship that becomes very noticeable issue in the post-COVID era. So, the research presents a systematic framework that outlines more than 150 netiquette sub rules in the field of online education, and that were clustered according to DCS and the classical core rules of netiquette. It also adds a new factor to the bottom level of DCS which is the primarily skills and traits, and also updates the internet and political activism fac-tor by adding the social perspective.

Originality/value
A novel classification of the classical core rules of netiquette was proposed in the field of online education to serve as a spectrum of identifying the complexity of digital citizenship levels and factors. This research can be a starting point of more works on netiquette research in online education and on other fields such as online business meetings, social media networking and online gaming.
Molecular assessment of dietary variation in neighbouring primate groups
Authors: Schneider Judith , Brun Loïc , Taberlet Pierre , Fumagalli Luca , van de Waal Erica 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Facing rapid environmental changes and anthropogenic habitat destruction, animal behavioural plasticity becomes an adaptive potential that needs to be considered in conservation strategies along with, for example, genetic diversity. Here, we evaluate to what extent non‐invasive environmental DNA (eDNA) methods may contribute to the assessment of intraspecies behavioural plasticity in terms of foraging behaviour.

We analysed DNA metabarcoding data for plant components in the diet of four neighbouring groups of wild vervet monkeys Chlorocebus pygerythrus to identify intergroup variation (IGV). The faecal samples considered for the analyses were limited to the summer season to minimise the impact of seasonality. Each sample was attributed by observation to individuals with known life history data. A plant survey was conducted in each group home range during the study period to account for environmental variation.

We observed mixed results when testing whether IGV in plant consumption was greater than intragroup variation, indicating that the influence of social dynamics must be considered. Intragroup variation was positively correlated with group size. We observed IGV in diet composition among all groups as well as in some pairwise comparisons. We found significant dietary differences between two group pairs when considering only adult females. Lastly, we observed IGV in foraging of specific plants that were not explained by their distribution, suggesting behavioural differences in selectivity between groups.

Our study system and organism, being a highly social and non‐threatened primate species, with constant gene flow and overlapping territories between groups, provides an ideal model to evaluate the usage of eDNA‐based methods to better understand the impact of social factors on IGV. Our results highlight the need to consider social and demographic factors, the impact of which remains complicated to disentangle from environmental factors. However, we emphasise the great potential for studying social groups using eDNA and that such studies are needed to better understand intraspecific behavioural plasticity in wild populations.
Evaluation of the use of a nursing diagnosis Risk for Falls in the Community of Madrid (Spain) Primary Care System
Authors: Domínguez‐Fernández Silvia , Ajejas‐Bazán María Julia , Pérez‐Rivas Francisco Javier 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe the use of the nursing diagnosis Risk for Falls in Primary Care System of the Community of Madrid.MethodsA retrospective review of the clinical histories was carried out in 262 health centers from January 2005 to December 2015. The study population are the patients who have recorded in their electronic health record the nursing diagnosis Risk for Falls.FindingsFrequency of use of the Risk for Falls ND in the Community of Madrid was 53,340 diagnoses, increasing from 650 nursing diagnosis in 2005 to 14,695 in 2015. NOC Nursing Outcomes total identified were 109,145, which represents an average of 2.05 NOC Nursing Outcomes per diagnosis. NOC Nursing Outcomes frequently appeared as follows: Fall Prevention Behavior (35.9%), Safe Home Environment (11.3%), and Risk Control (10.5%). NIC Nursing Interventions total identified were 104,293, representing an average of 1.96 NIC nursing interventions per diagnosis. NIC Nursing Interventions frequently appeared as follows: Fall Prevention (45.9%), Environmental Management: Safety (27%), and Risk Identification (5.8%).ConclusionsNursing diagnosis of Risk for Falls and the care process related to this diagnosis is starting to be used by the primary care nurses of the Community of Madrid.Implication for nursing practiceRisk factors related to the nursing diagnosis of risk for falls identified in our study can be addressed with activities that nurses must implement to prevent falls. Nursing methodology in general and specifically the diagnosis of risk for falls must be included in guides and protocols for the prevention of falls, and its use should be promoted by primary care nurses.
Abundance and detection of feral cats decreases after severe fire on Kangaroo Island, Australia
Authors: Hohnen Rosemary , James Alex I. , Jennings Paul , Murphy Brett P. , Berris Karleah , Legge Sarah M. , Dickman Chris R. , Woinarski John C. Z. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPredation by feral cats (Felis catus) has caused the extinction of many native species in Australia and globally. There is growing evidence that the impacts of feral cats can be amplified in post‐fire environments, as cats are drawn to hunt in or around recently burnt areas and are also more effective hunters in open habitats. In 2018–2019, we established arrays of camera traps to estimate the abundance of feral cats on Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Much of the island (including five of our seven survey sites) was subsequently burnt in a severe wildfire (December 2019–February 2020). We re‐sampled the sites 3–8 months post‐fire (seven sites) and 11–12 months post‐fire (three sites). At two unburnt sites sampled post‐fire, it was possible to produce density estimates of cats using a spatially explicit capture–recapture approach. Where estimating density was not possible (due to low detections or individual cats not being distinguishable), the number of individuals and percentage of trap nights with detections was compared between the sampling periods. Some low‐level cat control occurred within 2 km of three of the seven arrays (all within the burn scar) within 3 months of the fire. Across the five burnt sites, there was a decline in cat detections post‐fire (including those without post‐fire cat control). At 3–8 months post‐fire, there was, on average, a 57% reduction in the number of individual cats, and a 65% reduction in the number of nights with cat detections, relative to pre‐fire levels. Although cat detections declined following the fire, reduced population sizes of prey species and reduced cover as a result of the fire might still mean that cat predation is a threat to some surviving prey species. Management that reduces feral cat predation pressure on wildlife following wildfire should enhance the likelihood of post‐fire wildlife persistence and recovery.
Do metacognitive beliefs predict rumination and psychological distress independently of illness representations in adults with diabetes mellitus? A prospective mediation study
Authors: Cherry Mary Gemma , Brown Stephen L. , Purewal Rebecca , Fisher Peter L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveAdults with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) experience high levels of depression and anxiety that are not always effectively ameliorated by current therapeutic approaches. The Self‐Regulatory Executive Function (S‐REF) model, which underpins metacognitive therapy (MCT), posits that depression and anxiety become persistent when stored metacognitive beliefs guide an individual to respond to common thoughts and feelings in a certain way. We hypothesized that (i) metacognitive beliefs would predict depression and anxiety independently of participants' representations of their illness; and (ii) rumination would mediate independent prediction of depression and anxiety by metacognitive beliefs.DesignA prospective mediation study.MethodsFour hundred and forty‐one adults with DM (Types 1 and 2) completed a two time‐point survey. Metacognitive beliefs, illness representations and rumination were measured at baseline, and depression and anxiety measured at baseline and 6‐months later. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Baseline illness representations, depression and anxiety were used as control variables.ResultsA structural equation analysis showed potential mediation, by baseline rumination, of any effects of baseline metacognitive variables on 6‐month distress in Type 1 and 2 diabetes samples. Significant standardized coefficients for relationships between the metacognitive latent variable and rumination were .67 (Type 1) and .75 (Type 2) and between rumination and distress of .36 and .43, respectively. These effects were independent of direct and independent effects of illness representation variables.ConclusionsFindings are consistent with metacognitive beliefs playing a key role in depression and anxiety by increasing the likelihood of rumination in adults with DM. MCT may be an effective intervention for this population, subsequent to further longitudinal testing of the S‐REF model.
Big family, warm home, and lots of friends: Pteronotus large colonies affect species richness and occupation inside caves
Authors: Barros Jennifer S. , Bernard Enrico 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRoosts are essential for the survival of most animals. Due to homothermic requirements, mammals are particularly dependent on roost quality and availability. Bats select their roosts in a species‐specific way, likely related to species´ different physiological and adaptive needs. Unlike species whose individuals roost solitarily, roost selection is critical for bats forming large colonies due to the requirements for maintaining thousands of individuals in a single shelter. This is the case of Pteronotus (Mormoopidae), whose colonies reach hundreds of thousands of bats. Using captures, bioacoustics, and automated censuses, we evaluated how cave size, ceiling characteristics, environmental stability, temperature, and humidity influence the formation of exceptionally large colonies, species richness and composition in caves in north‐eastern Brazil. We expected that colonies would be positively related to cave size and stability, internal cave selection would be species‐specific, but larger and more environmentally stable caves would have higher richness. Pteronotus colonies were positively related to cave size, stability, and ceiling characteristics, and their presence strongly influenced cave temperature variation. Species richness was positively correlated to a cave stability index. Species other than Pteronotus preferred different climatic and ceiling characteristics. We detected an indirect influence of the large colonies of Pteronotus on the species richness and occupation inside caves. On the other hand, such caves favor species coexistence, as they offer a range of microenvironments, reducing niche overlap in their interior. Pteronotus gymnonotus and Pteronotus personatus are both key‐ and umbrella‐species for cave ecosystems, stressing the need for specific conservation strategies in Brazil.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
A single‐chain variable fragment‐anticancer lytic peptide (scFv‐ACLP) fusion protein for targeted cancer treatment
Authors: Zhang Rui , Pei Pengfei , Wang Yifan , Guo Quanqiang , Luo Shi‐Zhong , Chen Long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntibody‐directed drugs for targeted cancer treatment have become a hot topic in new anticancer drug development; however, antibody‐fused therapeutic peptides were rarely documented. Herein, we designed a fusion protein with a cetuximab‐derived single‐chain variable fragment targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (anti‐EGFR scFv) and the anticancer lytic peptide (ACLP) ZXR2, connected by a linker (G4S)3 and MMP2 cleavage site. The anti‐EGFR scFv‐ZXR2 recombinant protein showed specific anticancer activity on EGFR‐overexpressed cancer cell lines in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner, as it can bind to EGFR on cancer cell surfaces. This fusion protein caused cell membrane lysis as ZXR2, and showed improved stability in serum compared with ZXR2. These results suggest that scFv‐ACLP fusion proteins may be potential anticancer drug candidates for targeted cancer treatment, which also provide a feasible idea for targeted drug design.
An evaluation of adverse drug reactions and outcomes attributed to kratom in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from January 2004 through September 2021
Authors: Li Xiaotong , Ndungu Patrick , Taneja Sanya B. , Chapin Maryann R. , Egbert Susan B. , Akenapalli Krishi , Paine Mary F. , Kane‐Gill Sandra L. , Boyce Richard D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKratom is a widely used Asian botanical that has gained popularity in the United States due to a perception that it can treat pain, anxiety, and opioid withdrawal symptoms. The American Kratom Association estimates 10–16 million people use kratom. Kratom‐associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) continue to be reported and raise concerns about the safety profile of kratom. However, studies are lacking that describe the overall pattern of kratom‐associated adverse events and quantify the association between kratom and adverse events. ADRs reported to the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from January 2004 through September 2021 were used to address these knowledge gaps. Descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze kratom‐related adverse reactions. Conservative pharmacovigilance signals based on observed‐to‐expected ratios with shrinkage were estimated by comparing kratom to all other natural products and drugs. Based on 489 deduplicated kratom‐related ADR reports, users were young (mean age 35.5 years), and more often male (67.5%) than female patients (23.5%). Cases were predominantly reported since 2018 (94.2%). Fifty‐two disproportionate reporting signals in 17 system‐organ‐class categories were generated. The observed/reported number of kratom‐related accidental death reports was 63‐fold greater than expected. There were eight strong signals related to addiction or drug withdrawal. An excess proportion of ADR reports were about kratom‐related drug complaints, toxicity to various agents, and seizures. Although further research is needed to assess the safety of kratom, clinicians and consumers should be aware that real‐world evidence points to potential safety threats.
Defining Malaysia's health research ethics system through a stakeholder driven approach
Authors: Tackett Sean , Ng Chirk Jenn , Sugarman Jeremy , Daniel Esther Gnanamalar Sarojini , Gopalan Nishakanthi , Tivyashinee Tivyashinee , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Ali Joseph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe need to understand the systems that support ethical health research has long been recognized, but there are limited descriptions of actual health research ethics (HRE) systems. Using participatory network mapping methods, we empirically defined Malaysia's HRE system. 13 Malaysian stakeholders identified 4 overarching and 25 specific HRE system functions and 35 actors internal and 3 external to the Malaysian HRE system responsible for those functions. Functions requiring the most attention were: advising on legislation related to HRE; optimizing research value to society; and defining standards for HRE oversight. Internal actors with the greatest potential for more influence were: the national network of research ethics committees; non‐institution‐based research ethics committees; and research participants. The World Health Organization, an external actor, had the largest untapped potential for influence overall. In summary, this stakeholder‐driven process identified HRE system functions and actors that could be targeted to increase HRE system capacity.
What are we talking about when we talk about the (post)secular? Recentering mutual participation and a commitment to communicability in scholarly discussions of contemporary religions
Authors: Robinson Matthew Ryan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhat are we talking about when we talk about the postsecular? This article looks at the ways articulations of the secular often presuppose the presence – not the absence – of religion and religious plurality. This can be observed even in the work of early theorists of secularism as well as of the first sociologists who observed secularizing tendencies in society and sought to conduct social‐scientific inquiry in a way that aimed to be analytically agnostic. At the same time, the return or renewed visibility of religion does not imply a decrease in individualization of religious expression, the disappearance of secularist attitudes, or that challenges of negotiating religious pluralism have been overcome. This more complicated orientation toward relating secularity and religious pluralism shifts the focus away from debates over the truth or rationality of religious beliefs and practices to the need for mutual, voluntary, open, and ongoing communication among them. On the one hand, a commitment is necessary to the creation and maintenance of meaningful participation opportunities in the self‐presentation of religious self‐understandings in relation to issues of common concern (the mutuality requirement); on the other hand, a steadfast commitment is needed from religious persons and groups themselves to persistent participation in presentation of one's own views or those of one's constituencies in ways that are clear and accessible to all other participants (the voluntariness requirement).
Up‐regulation of miR‐192‐5p inhibits the ELAVL1/PI3Kδ axis and attenuates microvascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Fu Xiao‐Lin , He Fu‐Tao , Li Mo‐Han , Fu Chun‐Yan , Chen Jian‐Zhi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that poses a threat to adults. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in DR progression. However, the role and mechanism of miR‐192‐5p in DR remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of miR‐192‐5p on cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in DR.MethodsExpression of miR‐192‐5p, ELAV‐like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAVL1) and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase delta (PI3Kδ) in human retinal fibrovascular membrane (FVM) samples and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) was assessed using RT‐qPCR. ELAVL1 and PI3Kδ protein levels were evaluated by Western blot. RIP and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to confirm the miR‐192‐5p/ELAVL1/PI3Kδ regulatory networks. Cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis were assessed by CCK8, transwell and tube formation assays.ResultsMiR‐192‐5p was decreased in FVM samples from DR patients and high glucose (HG)‐treated HRMECs. Functionally, overexpressed miR‐192‐5p inhibited cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in HG‐treated HRMECs. Mechanically, miR‐192‐5p directly targeted ELAVL1 and decreased its expression. We further verified that ELAVL1 bound to PI3Kδ and maintained PI3Kδ mRNA stability. Rescue analysis demonstrated that the suppressive effects of HG‐treated HRMECs caused by miR‐192‐5p up‐regulation were overturned by overexpressed ELAVL1 or PI3Kδ.ConclusionMiR‐192‐5p attenuates DR progression by targeting ELAVL1 and reducing PI3Kδ expression, suggesting a biomarker for the treatment of DR.
Ageing is associated with a reduction in markers of mitochondrial energy metabolism in the human epidermis
Authors: Vidali Silvia , Feichtinger René G. , Emberger Michael , Brunner Susanne Maria , Gaisbauer Stefanie , Blatt Thomas , Smiles William J. , Kreutzer Christina , Weise Julia M. , Kofler Barbara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe decline of mitochondrial function throughout the lifespan is directly linked to the development of ageing phenotypes of the skin. Here, we assessed alterations in markers of epidermal mitochondrial energy metabolism as a function of skin age. Human skin samples from distinct anatomical regions were obtained during routine dermatological surgery from 21 young (27.6 ± 1.71 year) and 22 old (76.2 ± 1.73 year) donors. Sections of skin samples were analysed by immunohistochemistry for mitochondrial subunits of each electron transport chain complex (I‐V)/oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), as well as proteins serving as a marker of mitochondrial mass (VDAC1) and the regulation of DNA transcription (TFAM). Staining intensities of ATP5F1A (comprising complex V) and TFAM in the epidermis of older subjects were significantly decreased compared with younger donors. Moreover, these effects were independent of UV exposure of the stained skin section. Overall, we demonstrate that ageing is associated with reduced protein levels of complex V of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and TFAM. These alterations may impair essential mitochondrial functions, exacerbating the cutaneous ageing process.