bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salt Precipitation and Water Evaporation Modelling in a Black-Oil Reservoir Simulator
Authors: Goncalves Machado Cintia , Egberts Paul , Alvestad Jostein , Hustad Odd Steve 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Salt precipitation is a major issue in gas fields as it may reduce production significantly. Salt precipitation can be triggered through evaporation of the brine into the gas leading to an increased brine salt concentration and - if reaching its solubility - precipitation will occur reducing the rock porosity and, consequently, the permeability. In this work, the open-source fully implicit black-oil reservoir simulator OPM-flow is extended to allow for salt precipitation and water evaporation modeling. In comparison to compositional approaches, the proposed formulation simplifies the model set-up and calculation procedure. An existing black oil simulation may easily be converted to include water vaporization and salt precipitation functionality. This facilitates the modeling of fields that suffer from salt precipitation and their incorporation in history matching and optimization workflows. The black-oil formulation was modified to allow the gas to contain vaporized water in addition to vaporized oil. The salt transport equation is modified to account for a solid salt precipitate, and the permeability reduction is dealt with through a mobility multiplier that depends on the change in porosity. Together, a novel fully implicit formulation was developed for salt precipitation/dissolution and water evaporation for a three-phase black-oil simulator and implemented in OPM-flow. This implementation enables simulation of salt precipitation for gas-condensate production wells in addition to gas production wells.
A Novel Heuristic Max Ratio based Workflow Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud
Authors: Naik Banavath Balaji , Kuila Pratyay , Biswas Tarun , Govil Mahesh Chandra , Singh Dhananjay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Workflow Scheduling Algorithm (WSA) for the cloud is one of the most trending issues in the research community. This is a Non-deterministic Polynomial (NP) complete problem. WSA has become more challenging due to the computation of valid sequences for dependent tasks by preserving precedence relationships. Here, a novel Heuristic Max Ratio Workflow Scheduling Algorithm (HMRWSA) is designed using the max ratio constraint as transfer delay and computation time of workflow applications. The proposed HMRWSA enhances the performance measure in terms of a number of conflicting objectives such as schedule length, energy consumption, utilization of virtual machines and speed-up ratio. Various scientific or benchmark workflow applications(WA) data sets are used to extensively simulate the algorithm. In terms of schedule length, utilisation, and spreedup ratio, the simulation results are compared to reputed heuristic approaches such as Critical-Path-on-Processor (CPOP), Heuristic Earliest Finish Time-Top (HEFT-T), Heuristic Earliest Finish Time-Button (HEFT-B), Performance Effective Task (PET), and Predict Earliest Finish Time (PEFT).
A tradeoff between Reliability and Multipath Routing in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Authors: Abazeed Mohammed , Ali Mohammed , Qahtani Ali AL 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Multipath routing is considered a promising technique to enhance multimedia transmission in wireless sensor networks, where the performance metrics such as reliability, security, and delivery ratio can be improved. On the other hand, tradeoff issues in designing multipath routing must be considered to exploit the advantages of multipath routings, such as energy consumption, delay, and packet overhead. This paper presents the effect of packet loss on reliability for video transmission in WMSN studied to investigate how multipath routing can enhance multimedia transmission. The results show that the reliability is affected based on the type of lost packets. Furthermore, based on the proposed model, the number of paths that achieve predefined reliability can be adjusted.
An Iterative Convolutional Neural Network Based Malicious Node Detection (ICNN-MND) Protocol For Internet of Things
Authors: Moka Moemedi , Serome Karabo , Selvaraj Rajalakshmi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
At present Internet of Things (IoT) is widely used in various products and parts in our daily life. In the future, its uses and requirements will increase. However, there are several issues with the IoT network, one of which is secure data transmission. Also, malicious nodes in the IoT network are very difficult to identify accurately and quickly, whereas it is very important to do so. In the current context, several solutions are being proposed as there is a need to focus on setting up secure IoT frameworks, and as well as the protocols that runs on them. This research proposes a secure protocol called iterative Convolutional Neural Network based Malicious Node Detection (ICNN-MND) protocol that uses the erroneous assumption learning problematic technique. This protocol will make changes in the application layer, the network layer and the physical layer in order to achieve secure data transmission in IoT. The proposed IC-MND protocol will be able to detect attacks and eliminate them hence providing maximum data accuracy in IoT. For this, machine learning method will be used and the changes in the characteristics of the malicious nodes will be learned and their boundaries be explored. Then its error variation will be calculated and the malicious nodes be differentiated.
D-ETBMRPFS: Development of an Efficient Traffic Balanced Multicast Routing Protocol for Wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Network using Fibonacci Sequence approach
Authors: Yadav Ajay Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a decentralized wireless networks being developed using a different kinds of digital devices without any fixed infrastructure. This is because resource conservation is a very important task in wireless networks. Therefore multicast Routing is an effective technique for maintaining the same state.

However, multicasting in mobile ad-hoc networks is not an easy task due to the dynamic nature of network topologies, large fluctuations in signal strength, lack of battery power, and network traffic. Traffic was considered a network issue in this document. To solve the aforementioned problem, an efficient multicast routing protocol for traffic balancing using Fibonacci sequence is proposed. This mechanism allows the sender to send data along a specific routing path using Fibonacci sequence numbers to improve network performance.
Single-use flexible bronchoscopes vs traditional reusable flexible bronchoscopes: a prospective controlled study
Authors: He Shuzhen , Xie Lihua , Liu Jianming , Zou Lijun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Single-use flexible bronchoscopes（SFB）eliminate the risk of bronchoscopy-related infection compared with traditional reusable flexible bronchoscopes（RFB）. At present, there is no comparative study between SFB and RFB in the aspects of biopsy and interventional therapy. This study aims to explore whether SFB can perform complex bronchoscopic procedures such as transbronchial biopsies just like RFB.
Methods: We conducted a prospective controlled study. A total of 45 patients who required bronchoscopic biopsy in our hospital from June 2022 to December 2022 were enrolled. The patients were divided into the SFB group and the RFB group, and routine bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and biopsy were performed respectively. Data on the time of routine bronchoscopy， the recovery rate of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid（BALF）, biopsy time, and bleeding volume were collected. We also designed a questionnaire to compare the performance between SFB and RFB by different bronchoscope operators.
Results: The routine examination time of SFB and RFB was 3.40±0.50 min and 3.55±0.42 min, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups （P=0.308）. The recovery rate of BALF was （46.56±8.22）% in the SFB group and (47.00±8.07) in the RFB group, without a significant difference between the two groups（P=0.863）. The biopsy time was similar（4.67±0.51min VS 4.57±0.45 min） in both groups， with no significant difference（P=0.512）. The positive biopsy rate was 100% in both groups, with no significant difference. Overall, the bronchoscope operators were generally satisfied with SFB.
Conclusion: SFBs are non-inferior to RFBs in routine bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and biopsy. It is suggested that SFBs have a wider clinical application.
Delineating family needs in the transition from hospital to home for children with medical complexity: part 2, a phenomenological study.
Authors: de Riet Liz van , Alsem Mattijs W , Beijneveld Rachel SI , Woensel Job BM van , Karnebeek Clara Digna Van 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
A systematic literature review on the transition from hospital-to-home (H2H) of families with a child with medical complexity (CMC), resulted in nine overarching themes. These demonstrated common needs and experiences despite the widely differing CMC diagnoses and family characteristics. However, none of the reported studies was conducted in the Netherlands, which hampers the creation of a tailored H2H care pathway, deemed essential for our recently established Transitional Care Unit in the Netherlands: the ‘Jeroen Pit Huis’. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the needs and experiences of Dutch CMC parents on H2H transition and integrate these insights with the literature review into an evidence-based H2H care pathway for CMC and their families.
Methods
A descriptive phenomenological approach was applied. Heterogeneous purposeful sampling methods were used to recruit participants according to the following criteria: parents of CMC from various regions in the Netherlands, who spoke Dutch fluently and who had been discharged home from a tertiary hospital within the previous five years. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted via video call by two researchers, who transcribed the audio recordings verbatim. Thematic analysis methods were used to identify emerging themes from the individual transcripts, involving a third and fourth researcher to reach consensus.
Results
Between March and August 2021, 14 mothers and 7 fathers participated in 14 interviews. They elaborated on the H2H transition of 14 CMC with a wide range of underlying diseases: 7 male, 7 female, aged 6 months to 10 years. Eight overarching themes, consistent with the results of the systematic review, represent CMC parental needs and experiences during the H2H process in the Netherlands: 1) autonomy, 2) division of tasks and roles, 3) family emotions, 4) impact on family life, 5) communication, 6) coordination of care, 7) support system and 8) adaptation.
Conclusions
The H2H needs and experiences reported by the CMC families in this study align with the results of our systematic review. The H2H transition process is not linear but continuous, and should extend beyond the specific medical needs of the CMC to holistic care for the family as a whole. The overarching care needs and experiences, expressed by all CMC families, regardless of underlying symptoms and diagnoses, inform the H2H care pathway and its future evaluation. Our studies highlight the necessity to focus on the family needs rather than on the specific illness of the child, as well as the value of our interdisciplinary care team partnering with parents in the ‘Jeroen Pit Huis’ towards a safe and sustainable transition home.
Perception of neurology among undergraduate medical students – what can be done to counter neurophobia during clinical studies?
Authors: Jukna Šarūnas , Puteikis Kristijonas , Mameniškienė Rūta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
With a global increase in the burden of neurological diseases, the aversion towards neurology (neurophobia) may challenge sufficient provision of new specialists in this field. We investigated the possible determinants of neurophobia among medical students and its influence on the intent to pursue neurology residency.
Methods
From September 2021 to March 2022, an online questionnaire was distributed to medical students in Lithuania. It included questions about knowledge, confidence, interest, and teaching quality of various medical specialties (including neurology), as well as the willingness to choose neurology for residency.

Results

Eight hundred fifty-two students responded to the survey (77.2% female) – they rated neurology as significantly more difficult than other medical areas and lacked confidence in assessing patients with neurological problems (p<0.001). However, neurology was selected as one of the most interesting subjects and was reportedly well-taught. The prevalence of neurophobia among respondents was 58.9%. Most of them (207, 87.7%) indicated that neurology professors positively affected their outlook towards this medical specialty – such experience was associated with lower odds of neurophobia (odds ratio (OR)=0.383, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.223 to 0.658). Being less neurophobic (OR=1.785, 95% CI=1.152 to 2.767) and having conducted neurology research (OR=2.072, 95% CI=1.145 to 3.747) increased the odds of a student being willing to pursue a career in neurology.
Conclusion
Neurophobia was frequent among students in Lithuania and was inversely related to positive influence by neurology professors. Together with previous research experience in the field, low levels of neurophobia were associated with the inclination to enter neurology residency.
Water Pipeline Leak Detection and Localization With 1DCNN and Novel Adaboost Classifier
Authors: Kothandaraman Mohanaprasad , Rajasekaran Uma , Pua Chang Hong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

A pipeline leak localization technique is crucial in a structural health monitoring system to prevent water wastage at an early stage. Recent advancements include machine learning and deep learning techniques to detect a leak with great accuracy, and cross-correlation is the widely used tool for localization. All the existing algorithms use two architectures to detect and localize a leak. The main aim of this paper is to propose a standalone architecture for leak detection and localization with 1DCNN and novel AdaBoost architecture. The data collected from a real-time pipeline setup is redundant, very dynamic, and contains a substantial amount of surrounding noise. So an appropriate feature extraction technique helps to capture essential information from pipeline data. In the proposed method, the 1DCNN extracts the essential features from the data collected from the real-time pipeline setup located in UTAR, Malaysia, using an Acousto-optic vibration sensor. The proposed novel AdaBoost architecture localizes the leak with the help of the features extracted using 1DCNN. The performance metrics used in this paper to evaluate the proposed method are training accuracy, validation accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and R-squared, and the results are 99.23, 97.26, 98.18, 98.19, 98.14, and 98.55, respectively which is better compared to the implemented existing method. The results show that the proposed 1DCNN-novel AdaBoost localizes the leak with high training and validation accuracy and performs well in other metrics.
Development of a Biochar-Based Laboratory- Scale Filter for Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Jayathilake Pramod , Manage Pathmalal Marakkala , Idroos Fathima Sumaiya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Biochar (BC) has lately emerged as a viable wastewater treatment agent. The invasive aquatic plant Pistia spp. was used in the present study to produce BC. Activated and non-activated BC samples were individually incorporated into a sand and gravel filter. Chemical and physical water quality parameters were measured in the experiment before and after treatment. The control filter was primarily developed using only sand and gravel. A brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) was carried out to evaluate the toxicity. The effect of particle sizes of BC (65-125mm and 125-250mm) and repeated treating process on treatment efficiency were carried out as optimization studies for activated BC filter. The filter unit containing activated Pistia spp. showed a higher treatment efficiency. BSLA revealed 100% mortality in raw wastewater and no mortality in activated BC treated water. The results of the optimization study revealed that, the BC integrated filter units could be used to treat wastewater for three consecutive cycles. The BC's small particle size (65-125mm) recorded the highest treatment. This particle size showed turbidity reduction by 99.72%. It was found that reduction of Total Phosphates, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrate (N-NO3−), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) by 97.82%, 91.49%, 88.38%, 88.18%, 87.44%, 84.38%, and 84.38% respectively. Hence, BC derived from Pistia spp. is a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment. Findings of the study showed a long-term green wastewater treatment method that makes effective use of invasive aquatic plants.
Molecular characterization of a novel deltaflexivirus infecting the edible fungus Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Xiao Junbo , Wang Xin , Zheng Ziru , Wu Yugu , Wang Zhe , Li Huaping , Li Pengfei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel positive single-stranded RNA virus, Pleurotus ostreatus deltaflexivirus 1 (PoDFV1), was isolated from an edible fungus Pleurotus ostreatus strain ZP6. The complete genome of PoDFV1 is 7706 nucleotides (nt) longand contains a short poly(A) tail. PoDFV1 was predicted to contain one large open reading frame (ORF1) and three small downstream ORFs (ORFs 2-4). ORF1 encodes a putative replication-associated polyprotein (RP) of 1979 amino acids (aa) containing three conserved domains, viral RNA methyltransferase (Mtr), viral RNA helicase (Hel), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), common to all deltaflexiviruses. ORFs 2-4 encode three small hypothetical proteins (15-20 kDa) without conserved domains or known biological functions. Sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis suggested that PoDFV1 is a new species belonging to the genus Deltaflexivirus(family Deltaflexiviridae, order Tymovirales). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a deltaflexivirus infecting P. ostreatus.
Joint MMSE-RISIC and Channel Revised for SC-FDE Aeronautical Mobile Communication System
Authors: Dong Pengyu , Xiang Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Under the condition of slow fading time-varying multipath channel with low rice factor, it is difficult to make effective use of signal energy, therefore, the traditional Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) technique cannot effectively reduce the bit error rate. To solve the above problem, we proposes a new equalization scheme for aeronautical mobile communication based on MMSE andresidual intersymbol interference cancellation (MMSE-RISIC), firstly, the hard decision signal is modified to obtain the reconstruction signal of frequency domain, and then further decision is made according to the time domain error. Its essence is to modify the channel to make the estimated channel closer to the real channel. The simulation results show that the SNR can be improved by about 2-8dB with the same bit error performance, indicating that the equalization algorithm makes full use of the energy of the multipath component and obtains the signal-to-noise ratio gain.
Conservative versus Operative Treatment of FFP II Fractures in a Geriatric Cohort: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Trial
Authors: Thiesen Darius M , Althoff Gerrit , Strahl André , Rolvien Tim , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Köpke Leon , Arras Christian , Ballhause Tobias , Dalos Dimitris , Hartel Maximilian J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A clear recommendation regarding treatment strategy of fragility fractures of the pelvic ring is missing. The most typical fracture pattern is a lateral compression type injury with non-displaced fractures of the anterior pubic rami and a unilateral os sacrum fracture (FFP II). We hypothesized that operative treatment would be superior to conservative treatment. From October 2017 to April 2020, a randomized prospective non-blinded trial with n = 39 patients was carried out. Two arms with 17 operative versus 22 conservative cases were created. Inclusion criteria were a posterior pelvic ring fracture FFP type II, age over 60 years and acute fracture (< 3 weeks). Barthel index, pain level (VAS), quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), and Tinetti-Gait Test were determined on admission, at discharge, and after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Median follow-up was 12.9 months. The Barthel index (= 0.325), VAS (p = 0.711), quality of life (p = 0.824), and Tinetti-Gait Test (p = 0.913) showed no significant differences between the two groups after 12 months. Two patients switched from the conservative to the operative arm due to persistent immobilization and pain. The one-year mortality rate showed no significant difference (p = 0.175). Our hypothesis that surgical treatment is superior was refuted. No significant benefit was shown in terms of quality of life, mortality and pain levels. The results suggest a more differentiated treatment approach in the future, with initial conservative treatment preferred. A larger multi-center trial is required to confirm these findings.
Level of Evidence: Level I
The study was retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00013703) on 10/12/2018.
Determination of the use of Ligula intestinalis as a bioindicator in malathion residues
Authors: İPEK ZEYNEP ZEHRA , Minaz Mert , Kayış Şevki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, the usability of Ligula intestinalis as a bioindicator for pesticide accumulation was investigated. Two experiments were designed for the detection of pesticide residues and its withdrawal period. In the first experiment, the accumulation of malathion for 10 days was measured in the hybrid fish, Squalius orientalisxAlburnus derjugini sampled from a dam lake. In the next experiment, withdrawal was measured for 15 days. The infected and healthy fish in groups exposed malathion and not exposed malathion were sampled at the end of the first experiment. No malathion residue was found in the control group that was not exposed with malathion. For the second experiment, infected and healthy fish from malathion and without malathion groups were sampled to measure the elimination of malathion on the 1st, 4th, 5th, 8th, 12th and 15th days. At the end of the first experiment, the presence of malathion was not detected in the control group while accumulation was observed in both fish and L.intestinalis in the experimental group. At the end of the second experiment (15th day), the highest residual value was found in L. intestinalis (1.02 mg/kg) while it was determined as 0.009 mg/kg in infected fish and 0.006 mg/kg in uninfected fish. According to the correlation, malathion accumulation was linear between uninfected fish and infected fish. On the other hand, an inverse correlation was found between L. intestinalis and both malathion and control fish. As a result, it was determined that L. intestinalis can be used as a bioindicator in pesticide accumulation and the pesticide is still detectable in the parasite after withdrawal from fish.