bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among hospitalized febrile patients in Unguja Island
Authors: Ally Ally Abdullah , Lupindu Athumani Msalale , Machang’u Robert , Katakweba Abdul Selemani 
Published: March 2023

Background: Leptospirosis is one of the neglected causes of febrile illness and death in developing countries, including Tanzania. The study aims to determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among hospitalized febrile patients in Unguja Island.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the three selected hospitals in Unguja Island between January and March 2022. A total of 402 participants with febrile illness were enrolled in the study, and blood samples were collected for sera preparation. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was used to detect antibodies against five Leptospira serovars, including Sokoine, Lora, Pomona, Grippotyphosa, and Hebdomadis. All sera samples reacted with MAT titers≥1:160 were counted as positive, MAT titers ranging from 1:20 to 1:80 were counted as exposed to Leptospira bacteria while the absence of agglutination was regarded as negative. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, 2019. Descriptive and logistic regression was performed, and p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of study participants was 29.62 ±16.34, with a range of 0 days to 80 years. Most of them were females (64.2%) and unemployed (67.9%). The overall seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 7.7% (95% CI: 5.3-10.8). Females were 1.016 times higher likelihood to have leptospirosis (AOR = 1.016, 95% CI: 0.47-2.185, p = 0.968). Participants aged 18-35 were 2.093 times more likely to be infected with leptospirosis (AOR= 2.093, 95% CI: 0.835-5.250, p = 0.115). Participants who were unemployed (AOR = 1.169, 95% CI: 0.522-2.615, p = 0.704) revealed a significantly higher likelihood of being infected with leptospirosis. The predominant Leptospira serovars circulating among febrile patients were Sokoine 44 (10.9%), Lora 25 (6.2%), Grippotyphosa 20 (5.0%), Pomona 10 (2.5%), and Hebdomadis 9 (2.2%).
Conclusion: Leptospirosis is a public health threat among febrile patients in Unguja Island; therefore, it’s important to be considered in the differential diagnosis of non-malaria febrile patients for early prevention and control strategies.
Validación de instrumentos para medir los factores sociales que intervienen en la falta de control prenatal de embarazadas adolescentes
Authors: Luzon Orozco Karen Luisana , Romero Urréa Holguer Estuardo 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: Las adolescentes embarazadas pertenecen a un grupo vulnerable de la sociedad, debido a la inmadurez emocional y biológica que representan. La falta de asistencia a las citas de controles prenatales aumentan el riesgo, tanto para la madre como para él bebe, ocasionando complicaciones en el parto y en la evolución post parto. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos cuantitativo y cualitativo que nos permitirán identificar los factores sociales que intervienen en la falta de control prenatal de embarazadas adolescentes. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de diseño no experimental u observacional, de enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, descriptivo, prospectivo de corte transversal. En ambos instrumentos se aplicó como criterio de validación el juicio de expertos. Para ello, se realizó un cuestionario que fue aplicado mediante la técnica de la encuesta a 30 embarazadas. Resultados: El instrumento cualitativo arrojo un promedio de confiabilidad total de sus tres categorías de 89,87 lo que coloca en la categoría de muy confiable y en el instrumento cuantitativo se obtuvo un promedio de confiabilidad de 90,84 lo que señala que se encuentra ubicado dentro de la categoría de muy confiable. Conclusión: Los instrumentos son confiables y válidos para medir la variable independiente y su correlación con la variable dependiente, evidenciando el cumplimiento de la hipótesis general de esta investigación.
SUMMARYIntroduction: Pregnant adolescents belong to a vulnerable group of the society, due to the emotional and biological immaturity they represent. lack of Attendance at prenatal appointments increases the risk, both for the mother and for him baby, causing complications in childbirth and postpartum evolution Objective: Validate the quantitative and qualitative instruments that will allow us to identify The social factors that intervene in the lack of prenatal control of pregnant women teenagers. Materials and Methods: Study of non-experimental or observational design, qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, prospective cross-sectional approach. In both instruments, expert judgment was applied as a validation criterion. For this, it was carried out a questionnaire that was applied through the survey technique to 30 pregnant women. Results: The qualitative instrument yielded an average of total reliability of its three categories of 89.87 which places it in the category of very reliable and in the instrument quantitatively, a reliability average of 90.84 was obtained, which indicates that falls into the very reliable category. Conclusion: The Instruments are reliable and valid to measure the independent variable and its correlation with the dependent variable, evidencing compliance with the general hypothesis of this research.
Urban Design, Space and Society
Authors: Madanipour Ali 
Published: March 2023

Placing the practice of urban design in its political, economic and cultural context, this book sets out a clear and positive vision of the potential of urban design, and in particular its capacity to bring imagined futures into being for the benefit of the many.
Urban Design, Space and Society shows how urban design is concerned not only with the aesthetics and practicalities of designing urban spaces, but also with the pursuit of social inclusiveness, participatory democracy, cultural meaning and ecological sustainability. It covers a broad range of interrelated themes and demostrates how social and political theories shed light on an understanding of urban design. Drawing on these theories, as well as the author's own research, the book guides the reader through the complex challenges that design practitioners must navigate in meeting the diverse needs of urban society in the twenty-first century.
Providing a clear guide to the role and potential of urban design, this is an invaluable text for students and professionals for urban design as well as those from related disciplines such as planning, architecture and geography.
Evaluation of the relationship between vitamin-D status and age of pregnant women in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey
Authors: Nacar Mehmet Can , Sel Görker 
Published: March 2023

Aims: Vitamin D (Vit-D) is an essential fat-soluble vitamin for the body whose central role is to regulate phosphorus and calcium homeostasis. Various studies have shown that Vit-D deficiency in pregnant women can have adverse consequences for the mother and the fetus. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between Vit-D level and age in pregnant women in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey.
Methods: A total 214 pregnant women analyzed Vit-D between 2015 and 2018 were included in this study. Pregnant women were divided into two groups as under 30 years old and over 30 years old. Serum Vit-D levels were measured by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Vit-D < 12 ng/mL was considered as Vit-D deficiency, and 12-20 ng/mL was considered as Vit-D insufficiency.
Results: There were 139 (64.95%) women under 30 years old and 75 (35.04%) women 30 years and older. There were 90 women (42.05%) with Vit-D deficiency and 92 women with Vit-D insufficiency (42.99%). The proportion of those under 30 years old who had the deficiency and insufficiency level of Vit-D was 60/91 (65.9%) and 61/91 (67.03%), respectively. The pregnant women aged 30 years and older with Vit-D deficiency and insufficiency were 31/91 (34.06%) and 30/91 (32.96%). There was no significant association between women ages and Vit- D levels (p = 0.381).
Conclusion: Although the relationship between Vit-D levels in women younger than 30 years of age and older is not statistically different, we found that Vit-D deficiency is common in pregnant women in the Western Black Sea region. Vit-D supplementation should be considered in pregnant women to reduce morbidity and effects on fetuses and newborns during pregnancy and lactation.
DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PADA KINERJA PELAKU WIRAUSAHA DI DESTINASI WISATA DANAU CIPONDOH
Authors: Ratnanningtyas Heny , Amrullah Amrullah , Emier Osman Ismeth 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan keuangan terhadapkinerja pelaku wirausaha di destinasi wisata Danau Cipondoh. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi berganda. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh karena jumlah populasi dan sampel sama yaitu berjumlah 63 pelaku wirausaha di Danau Cipondoh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial perencanaan keuangan, pencatatan keuangan, pemisahan keuangan pribadi dan keuangan usaha berpengaruh signifikan terhadapkinerja pelaku wirausaha. Penerapan perencanaan keuangan mampu menghemat biaya yang dapat meningkatkan laba usaha berdampak pada kinerja pelaku wirausaha. Pencatatan keuangan mampu memberikan informasi mengenai laporan keuangan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja pelaku wirausaha. Selanjutnya Pemisahan keuangan pribadi dan keuangan usaha membuat modal usaha tidak berkurang sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja pelaku wirausaha. Diharapkan pelaku wirausaha di destinasi wisata Danau Cipondoh: (1) Selalu menerapkan perencanaan keuangan agar memperkecil biaya dan meningkatkan keuntungan; (2) Selalu melakukan pencatatan keuangan, agar dapat diketahui usaha yang dijalankan mengalami peningkatan atau penurunan; (3) Selalu melakukan pemisahkan keuangan usaha dengan keuangan pribadi, agar dapat mengetahui secara pasti total pendapatan dan laba bersih.
Linguistic and communicative demands in the professional field. What Swedish does the foreign physician need?
Authors: Haallsten Stina 
Published: March 2023

Through analysing literacy demands and communicative practices in the working life, the project "Working in a second language: literacy practices and educational models designed for professional contexts" investigates following questions: How do second language learners cope with literacy and communicative practices in the workplace? How could we best design educational programs in Swedish as a second language with a vocational profile? In this presentation I will focus on linguistic and communicative demands for medical doctors in Sweden; second language speakers in particular. Two types of data is presented: 1. "The Proficiency Test", compulsory for medical doctors from outside EU applying for a license to perform medicine in Sweden, and 2. A team meeting at a cardiac clinic, with the aim to update the team about the patients’ status as a preparation for the daily “round” (conversation at the bedside). At this meeting, one participant is a foreign doctor attending the course “Swedish for immigrants with health care profile”, doing her weekly internship.The proficiency test aims at testing prior medical knowledge only, but analysis shows that the linguistic demands are fairly complex. The team meeting can be regarded as linguistically and communicative complex, due to participants’ different roles and perspectives, but also to shifts between formal and informal, medical and everyday Swedish. What do these data tell us about potential linguistic and communicative challenges for the second language learner, within the professional field of practicing medicine?
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND PROBLEMS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION OF REGIONS
Authors: Герасимов А.Н. , Касаева Т.В. , Скрипниченко В.Ю. 
Published: March 2023

Рассматривается влияние существующих территориальных ресурсов на формирование валового регионального продукта (ВРП). Проводится анализ индикатора ВРП на душу населения как показателя уровня благосостояния жителей соответствующего региона. Изучается динамика ВРП на душу населения, выделяются лидирующие и отстающие регионы, оцениваются причинно-следственные связи. Отдельно рассматриваются данные Северо-Кавказского федерального округа как округа с наибольшим количеством регионов-аутсайдеров по значению валового регионального продукта на душу населения. Дается более подробная характеристика состояния ресурсной базы и ресурсного потенциала регионов округа, где большее внимание уделяется Ставропольскому краю. Проводится исследование структуры ВРП края, отдельно отмечается сельское хозяйство (12,52% в структуре ВРП на 2019 год), приводится сравнение с показателями по СКФО и Российской Федерации. Исследуемый период охватывает 2000-2019 гг. По итогам проведенного исследования отмечается необходимость развития агропромышленного производства в Российской Федерации, а также комплексного подхода к оценке социально-экономического развития регионов и уровня благосостояния населения, в который будет включен анализ ресурсов и ресурсного потенциала территории.
An assessment is made of the impact of existing territorial resources on the formation of the gross regional product (GRP). The analysis of the GRP per capita indicator is carried out as an indicator of the level of well-being of the inhabitants of the corresponding region. The dynamics of GRP per capita is studied, the leading ones are singled out and lagging regions, causal relationships are assessed. Data of the North Caucasus Federal District, as the district with the largest number of outsider regions in terms of gross regional product per capita. A detailed description of the state of the resource base and the resource potential of the regions of the district, where more attention is paid to the Stavropol Territory. A study of the structure of the GRP of the region is being carried out, agriculture is separately noted, a comparison is made with the indicators for the North Caucasus Federal District and the Russian Federation(4.15% in GRP structure for 2019). The period under study covers 2000-2019. Based on the results of the study, the need for the development of agro-industrial production in the Russian Federation is noted, as well as an integrated approach to assessing the socio-economic development of regions and the level of well-being of the population, which will include an analysis of the resources and resource potential of the territory. Keywords: gross regional product (GRP), resource, resource base, region, economy, industry, agro-industrial complex (AIC), agriculture.
VERMICOMPOSTING OF BIOHUMUS WITH THE CALIFORNIAN WORM EISENIA FOETIDA AND ITS USE IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: ЕЩАНОВА Г.Ж. , УТАРБАЕВА Н.А. , КАЛИЕВА А.К. , БАҚЫТЖАНҚЫЗЫ Б. , КЕМАЛОВА Н.А. 
Published: March 2023

Мақалада калифорниялық шылаушын Eisenia foetida көмегімен органикалық қалдықтардан биогумус өндіру технологиясы бойынша тәжірибелік зерттеулер жүргізіліп, оны қияр көшеттерін өсіруде пайдаланудың ерекшеліктері туралы дәлелдер келтірілген. Калифорниялық шылаушындар тәжірибелік зерттеу барысында 4,5 ай ішінде ірі қара малдардың көңінен таза биогумус өндіріп шығарды. Шылаушындарды субстратқа жіберілгеннен кейін 21 күнде белсенділігі артып, құрттардың жұмыс жасау қабілетінің және көбею процесінің артқандығын көрсетті. Әсіресе 7000 құрт жіберілген жәшіктердегі ылғалдылықты 45-65 %-да тұрақты сақтағанда, биогумустың 4,5 айда дайын болғаны анықталды. Алынған биогумус тыңайтқышы қияр көшеттеріне қолданылып, ол өсімдіктердің биіктігіне, жапырақтарының санына, ауданына, вегетативтік салмағына оң әсер көрсеткені анықталды.
The article presents the results of experimental work on the technology of biohumus production from organic waste using Californian worm Eisenia foetida and proves the features of its use in the cultivation of cucumbers. As a result of the study, worms produced pure biohumus from cattle manure for 4.5 months. During the experimental work, Californian worms were placed in the substrate, where they showed their activity for 21 days, demonstrating active life activity and reproduction. At 45-65% moisture content, 7,000 worms vercomposted the biohumus in boxes for 4.5 months. The obtained biohumus fertilizer was used for planting cucumber seedlings and the results of biometric observations showed a positive effect on growth and height, the number and area of leaves, as well as on the vegetative mass of plants. Keywords: biohumus, California worm, organic fertilizers, cucumber seedlings, vermicompost.
EPIZOOTOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF SOIL ANTHRAX FOCUSES LOCATED IN AKMOLA REGION
Authors: СУЩИХ В.Ю. , ЮСУПОВ М.Р. , КАНАТОВ Б. , ДЮСЕНОВ С.М. , КАРИМОВ А.А. 
Published: March 2023

Почвенные очаги сибирской язвы, расположенные на территории Республики Казахстан, представляют опасность для населения и окружающей среды. Согласно ретроспективным данным, в августе 2019 года в селе Ольгинка Аршалинского района Акмолинской области была зарегистрирована вспышка сибирской язвы, при этом заболели 2 головы крупного рогатого скота. Осуществлены выезды в село Николаевка, где расположены два сибиреязвенных захоронения, и в село Ольгинка, на территорию мест убоя больных животных. В процессе работы проведено эпизоотологическое обследование двух сибиреязвенных очагов и мест прирезки больных животных. Для микробиологических исследований с территории данных очагов отобраны пробы почв с поверхности и с различных горизонтов на глубину до 30 см. Установлены географические координаты. Проведены лабораторные исследования отобранных образцов почв бактериологическим и биологическим методами, которые показали наличие близкородственного микроорганизма - Bacillus cereus и отсутствие возбудителя Bacillus аnthracis.
Soil foci of anthrax located on the territory of the republic represent a certain danger to the population and the environment. According to retrospective data, in August 2019, an outbreak of anthrax was registered in the village of Olginka, Arshalinsky district, Akmola region, and 2 heads of cattle fell ill. Visits were made to the village of Nikolaevka, where two anthrax burials are located, and to the village of Olginka, to the territory of the places where sick animals are slaughtered. In the process of work, an epizootological examination of two anthrax foci, and places where sick animals were cut, was carried out. For microbiological studies, soil samples were taken from the territory of these foci from the surface and from various horizons to a depth of up to 30 cm. Geographical coordinates were established. Laboratory studies of soil samples by bacteriological and biological methods of selected soil samples were carried out, which showed the presence of a closely related microorganism - Bacillus cereus and the absence of the pathogen B. anthracis.
A A APLICAÇÃO DOS CONCEITOS DA SUSTENTABILIDADE E LOGÍSTICA REVERSA NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO
Authors: Da Silva Campos Gabrielle , Delgado Natália , De Jesus Lucas Manuel , Carboni Marina 
Published: March 2023

A logística reversa e a educação ambiental são temas que podem ser abordados em qualquer tipo de organização e não poderia ser diferente em instituições de ensino. As escolas e faculdades podem desempenhar um papel importante em prol do meio ambiente na medida em que conseguem mobilizar não apenas os alunos, mas também seus familiares e toda a comunidade a desenvolver novos hábitos. Do mesmo modo, tais instituições também contribuem para o cumprimento da legislação ambiental vigente que preconiza a responsabilidade compartilhada entre todos os geradores de resíduos da cadeia produtiva: fabricantes, comerciantes e cidadãos. O objetivo geral deste artigo é contribuir para ajudar a despertar a consciência das organizações e da sociedade em geral para o tema desenvolvimento sustentável e apresentar a logística reversa como ferramenta fundamental para mitigar os impactos negativos causados pelo homem ao meio ambiente. O artigo apresenta um resgate do surgimento e evolução desta ferramenta ambiental e apresenta exemplos de sua aplicabilidade nos diversos setores, bem como descreve algumas das vantagens obtidas pelas organizações quando agregam esta ferramenta ao seu sistema de gestão ambiental. A logística reversa tem a missão de proporcionar um crescimento sustentável, exercendo um papel amplo do que simplesmente auxiliar no cumprimento da legislação ambiental vigente. O presente artigo, que utiliza como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica sustentada por um estudo de caso conduzido numa instituição de ensino, visa possibilitar ao leitor uma reflexão acerca da importância da logística reversa para o desenvolvimento sustentável das organizações e especificamente, em instituições de ensino.
Palavras-chave: Logística reversa. Sustentabilidade. Meio Ambiente. Educação Ambiental.
Sovereignty and Security: Constraints on Foreign Investment Control Arising from International Law
Authors: Geraets Dylan , Gargne Leo 
Published: March 2023

Sovereignty and Security: Constraints on Foreign Investment Control Arising from International Law
Does international law impose constraints on States adopting, implementing or maintaining investment screening measures (ISMs)? Is the sovereignty of States in respect of whose investments and what types of investments to ‘permit’ into their territories unfettered? Or does that sovereignty only exist insofar as it is compatible with the (national) security exceptions provided for in many instruments of international economic law, as encompassing both international trade law and international investment law? These are the main questions that this contribution seeks to answer. ISMs have increased both in number and in scope in the past decades and the fact that they are included in the regulatory toolbox of many States raises questions as to the compatibility of these mechanisms, and the manner in which they are applied in specific instances, with norms of international law. The relevant norms are found, for example, in the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and in international investment (protection) agreements (IIAs). This contribution assesses the international legal norms that ISMs need to be compatible with if they are implemented and applied by host States seeking to exercise control over inward foreign investment on the basis of (national) security considerations. Thereto, after an Introduction (Section 1), the contribution sets out in Section 2, the key considerations in terms of sovereignty and international law, and the relationship between international legal norms and the desire to safeguard the domestic (legal) order from unwanted foreign influence. Thereafter, in Section 3, the contribution discusses the key considerations under the GATS in terms of ISM, and, in particular, the need to grant services and service suppliers of WTO Members treatment no less favourable than that is granted to the like services and like service suppliers from any other country. In addition, Section 3 examines potential considerations in respect of the Market Access and National Treatment obligation of the GATS, as well as the possibilities of relying upon the (security) exceptions in Articles XIV and XIVbis GATS to justify otherwise GATS-inconsistent ISMs. Finally, in Section 4, the contribution considers norms of international investment law that may restrict the ability of host States to implement or apply ISMs.