bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute changes in antioxidants and oxidative stress to vigorous arm exercise: an intervention trial in persons with spinal cord injury and healthy controls
Authors: Wouda Matthijs F. , Slettahjell Hanne Bjørg , Lundgaard Eivind , Bastani Nasser E. , Raastad Truls , Blomhoff Rune , Kostovski Emil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Study design
Intervention trial.

Background
Literature remains unclear on possible health benefits and risks assosciated with high intensity exercise for persons with SCI. Elevated oxidative stress levels might influence their ability to exercise at high intensity. We investigated several biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense at rest, during and after vigorous exercise among persons with chronic SCI.

Setting
Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Norway.

Methods
Six participants (five males) with chronic SCI (AIS A, injury level thoracic 2–8, >1 year postinjury) and six matched able-bodied controls performed two maximal arm-cranking tests, with one-three days in between. During the second exercise test, participants performed three bouts with four minutes arm cranking at high intensity (85–95% of peak heart rate (HRpeak)), before they reached maximal effort. Blood and urine biomarkers for oxidative stress and antioxidant levels were collected at six time points at the day of the second exercise test; baseline, at high intensity exercise, at maximal effort, at five, 30 and 60 min post-exercise, and 24 h post exercise.

Results
Participants with SCI had significant lower levels of creatinine (∆16 µmol/L, p = 0.03), α-carotene (∆0.14 nmol/L, p < 0.001) and β-carotene (∆0.51 nmol/L, p = 0.001) at baseline compared to controls. Urine and blood biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant levels showed similar response to vigorous exercise in the SCI and control group.

Conclusions
SCI participants showed similar changes in redox status during high intensity exercise compared to matched able-bodied. SCI participants had lower levels of exogen antioxidants both before, during and after vigorous exercise.
Hyphosphere microorganisms facilitate hyphal spreading and root colonization of plant symbiotic fungus in ammonium-enriched soil
Authors: Sun Kai , Jiang Hui-Jun , Pan Yi-Tong , Lu Fan , Zhu Qiang , Ma Chen-Yu , Zhang Ai-Yue , Zhou Jia-Yu , Zhang Wei , Dai Chuan-Chao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic nitrogen inputs lead to a high ammonium (NH4+)/nitrate (NO3−) ratio in the soil, which restricts hyphal spreading of soil fungi. Access of symbiotic fungi to roots is a prerequisite for plant-fungal interactions. Hyphosphere bacteria protect fungi from environmental stress, yet the impact of hyphosphere bacteria on adaptation of host fungi to NH4+-enriched conditions remains unclear. By developing soil microcosm assays, we report that a plant-symbiotic fungus, Phomopsis liquidambaris, harbors specific hyphosphere bacteria that facilitate hyphal spreading and assist in the root colonization in NH4+-enriched soil. Genetic manipulation, 16S rRNA gene analysis and coinoculation assays revealed that the genus Enterobacter was enriched in the hyphosphere of NH4+-sensitive wild-type compared to NH4+-preferring nitrite reductase-deficient strain. The representative Enterobacter sp. SZ2-promoted hyphal spreading is only evident in nonsterilized soil. We further identified an increased abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and a synchronously decreased NH4+:NO3− ratio following SZ2 inoculation. Microbial supplementation and inhibitor assays showed that AOA-mediated reduction in NH4+:NO3− ratio is responsible for SZ2-enhanced fungal adaptation to NH4+-enriched conditions. The Ph. liquidambaris-Enterobacter-AOA triple interaction promoted rice growth in NH4+-enriched soil. Our study reveals the essential role of hyphosphere microorganism-based hyphal spreading in plant-fungal symbiosis establishment within nitrogen-affected agroecosystems.
Multi-center study on predicting breast cancer lymph node status from core needle biopsy specimens using multi-modal and multi-instance deep learning
Authors: Ding Yan , Yang Fan , Han Mengxue , Li Chunhui , Wang Yanan , Xu Xin , Zhao Min , Zhao Meng , Yue Meng , Deng Huiyan , Yang Huichai , Yao Jianhua , Liu Yueping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of our study is to develop a deep learning model based on clinicopathological data and digital pathological image of core needle biopsy specimens for predicting breast cancer lymph node metastasis. We collected 3701 patients from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and 190 patients from four medical centers in Hebei Province. Integrating clinicopathological data and image features build multi-modal and multi-instance (MMMI) deep learning model to obtain the final prediction. For predicting with or without lymph node metastasis, the AUC was 0.770, 0.709, 0.809 based on the clinicopathological features, WSI and MMMI, respectively. For predicting four classification of lymph node status (no metastasis, isolated tumor cells (ITCs), micrometastasis, and macrometastasis), the prediction based on clinicopathological features, WSI and MMMI were compared. The AUC for no metastasis was 0.770, 0.709, 0.809, respectively; ITCs were 0.619, 0.531, 0.634, respectively; micrometastasis were 0.636, 0.617, 0.691, respectively; and macrometastasis were 0.748, 0.691, 0.758, respectively. The MMMI model achieved the highest prediction accuracy. For prediction of different molecular types of breast cancer, MMMI demonstrated a better prediction accuracy for any type of lymph node status, especially in the molecular type of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In the external validation sets, MMMI also showed better prediction accuracy in the four classification, with AUC of 0.725, 0.757, 0.525, and 0.708, respectively. Finally, we developed a breast cancer lymph node metastasis prediction model based on a MMMI model. Through all cases tests, the results showed that the overall prediction ability was high.
Memory-like innate response to booster vaccination with MF-59 adjuvanted influenza vaccine in children
Authors: Kazmin Dmitri , Clutterbuck Elizabeth A. , Napolitani Giorgio , Wilkins Amanda L. , Tarlton Andrea , Thompson Amber J. , Montomoli Emmanuele , Lapini Guilia , Bihari Smiti , White Rachel , Jones Claire , Snape Matthew D. , Galal Ushma , Yu Ly-Mee , Rappuoli Rino , Del Giudice Giuseppe , Pollard Andrew J. , Pulendran Bali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe pediatric population receives the majority of vaccines globally, yet there is a paucity of studies on the transcriptional response induced by immunization in this special population. In this study, we performed a systems-level analysis of immune responses to the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine adjuvanted with MF-59 in children (15–24 months old) and in young, healthy adults. We analyzed transcriptional responses elicited by vaccination in peripheral blood, as well as cellular and antibody responses following primary and booster vaccinations. Our analysis revealed that primary vaccination induced a persistent transcriptional signature of innate immunity; booster vaccination induced a transcriptional signature of an enhanced memory-like innate response, which was consistent with enhanced activation of myeloid cells assessed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we identified a transcriptional signature of type 1 interferon response post-booster vaccination and at baseline that was correlated with the local reactogenicity to vaccination and defined an early signature that correlated with the hemagglutinin antibody titers. These results highlight an adaptive behavior of the innate immune system in evoking a memory-like response to secondary vaccination and define molecular correlates of reactogenicity and immunogenicity in infants.
SCENIC+: single-cell multiomic inference of enhancers and gene regulatory networks
Authors: Bravo González-Blas Carmen , De Winter Seppe , Hulselmans Gert , Hecker Nikolai , Matetovici Irina , Christiaens Valerie , Poovathingal Suresh , Wouters Jasper , Aibar Sara , Aerts Stein 
Published: July 2023

AbstractJoint profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in individual cells provides an opportunity to decipher enhancer-driven gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Here we present a method for the inference of enhancer-driven GRNs, called SCENIC+. SCENIC+ predicts genomic enhancers along with candidate upstream transcription factors (TFs) and links these enhancers to candidate target genes. To improve both recall and precision of TF identification, we curated and clustered a motif collection with more than 30,000 motifs. We benchmarked SCENIC+ on diverse datasets from different species, including human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, ENCODE cell lines, melanoma cell states and Drosophila retinal development. Next, we exploit SCENIC+ predictions to study conserved TFs, enhancers and GRNs between human and mouse cell types in the cerebral cortex. Finally, we use SCENIC+ to study the dynamics of gene regulation along differentiation trajectories and the effect of TF perturbations on cell state. SCENIC+ is available at scenicplus.readthedocs.io.
A comparison of the biomechanical properties of three different lumbar internal fixation methods in the treatment of lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis: finite element analysis
Authors: Liu Jiantao , Gong Xi , Wang Kao , Li Xingyuan , Zhang Xiwei , Sun Jiajun , Zhu Yihan , Ai Yixiang , Ren Jing , Xiu Jintao , Ji Wenchen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere are various internal fixation methods in treating lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis. The study compared the stability and stress distribution in surrounding tissues/implants, such as discs, endplates and screw-rod internal fixation system, etc. when applying three different lumbar internal fixation methods to treat lumbosacral spinal tuberculosis. A finite element model was constructed and validated. The spinal stability was restored using three methods: a titanium cage with lateral double screw-rod fixation (group 1), autologous bone with posterior double screw-rod fixation (group 2), and a titanium cage with posterior double screw-rod fixation (group 3). For comparison, group 4 represented the intact L3-S1 spine. Finally, a load was applied, and the ranges of motion and Von Mises stresses in the cortical endplates, screw-rod internal fixation system and cortical bone around the screws in the different groups were recorded and analyzed. All six ranges of motion (flexion, extension, left/right lateral bending, left/right rotation) of the surgical segment were substantially lower in groups 1 (0.53° ~ 1.41°), 2 (0.68° ~ 1.54°) and 3 (0.55° ~ 0.64°) than in group 4 (4.48° ~ 10.12°). The maximum stress in the screw-rod internal fixation system was clearly higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3 under flexion, left/right lateral bending, and left/right rotation. However, in extension, group 1 had the highest maximum stress in the screw-rod internal fixation system. Group 2 had the lowest peak stresses in the cortical endplates in all directions. The peak stresses in the cortical bone around the screws were higher in group 1 and group 2 than in group 3 in all directions. Thus, titanium cage with posterior double screw-rod fixation has more advantages in immediate reconstruction of lumbosacral spinal stability and prevention of screw loosening.
Adynamic response to cold pain reflects dysautonomia in type 1 diabetes and polyneuropathy
Authors: Arendt Nielsen Thomas , Lundbye-Christensen Søren , Krasimirova Dimitrova Yoanna , Riahi Sam , Brock Birgitte , Mohr Drewes Asbjørn , Brock Christina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN), widely assessed by heart rate variability (HRV), is a common complication of long-term diabetes. We hypothesized that HRV dynamics during tonic cold pain in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) could potentially demask CAN. Forty-eight individuals with long-term T1DM and distal symmetrical polyneuropathy and 21 healthy controls were included. HRV measures were retrieved from 24-h electrocardiograms. Moreover, ultra-short-term HRV recordings were used to assess the dynamic response to the immersion of the hand into 2 °C cold water for 120 s. Compared to healthy, the T1DM group had expectedly lower 24-h HRV measures for most components (p < 0.01), indicating dysautonomia. In the T1DM group, exposure to cold pain caused diminished sympathetic (p < 0.001) and adynamic parasympathetic (p < 0.01) HRV responses. Furthermore, compared to healthy, cold pain exposure caused lower parasympathetic (RMSSD: 4% vs. 20%; p = 0.002) and sympathetic responses (LF: 11% vs. 73%; p = 0.044) in the T1MD group. QRISK3-scores are negatively correlated with HRV measures in 24-h and ultra-short-term recordings. In T1DM, an attenuated sympathovagal response was shown as convincingly adynamic parasympathetic responses and diminished sympathetic adaptability, causing chronometric heart rhythm and rigid neurocardiac regulation threatening homeostasis. The findings associate with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, emphasizing clinical relevance.
Training data size and predication errors in the use of machine-learning assisted intraocular lens power calculation
Authors: Tabuchi Hitoshi , Yamauchi Tomofusa , Shojo Tomohiro , Takase Kosuke , Tanabe Mao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis retrospective study examined the effect of the size of training data on the accuracy of machine learning-assisted SRK/T power calculation. Clinical records of 4800 eyes of 4800 Japanese patients with intraocular lenses (IOLs) were reviewed. A support vector regressor (SVR) was used for refining the SRK/T formula, and dataset sizes for training and evaluation were reduced from full to 1/64. The prediction errors from the postoperative refractions were calculated, and the proportion within ± 0.25 D, ± 0.50 D, and ± 1.00 D of errors were compared with those using full data. The influence of the difference in A-constant was also evaluated. Prediction errors within ± 0.50 D in the use of full data were obtained with the dataset of ≥ 150 eyes (P = 0.016), whereas the datasets of ≥ 300 eyes were required for the error within ± 0.25 D (P < 0.030). The prediction errors did not alter with the A-constant values among IOLs with open-loop haptics, except for IOLs with plated haptics. In conclusion, the accuracy of SVR-assisted SRK/T could be achieved with the training dataset of ≥ 150 eyes for the Japanese population, and the calculation was versatile for any open-looped IOLs.
A stable and strongly ferromagnetic Fe17O10– cluster with an accordion-like structure
Authors: Geng Lijun , Yu Xiaohu , Luo Zhixun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIsolated clusters are ideal systems for tailoring molecule-based magnets and investigating the evolution of magnetic order from microscopic to macroscopic regime. We have prepared pure Fen– (n = 7-31) clusters and observed their gas-collisional reactions with oxygen in a flow tube reactor. Interestingly, only the larger Fen– (n ≥ 15) clusters support the observation of O2-intake, while the smaller clusters Fen– (n = 7-14) are nearly nonreactive. What is more interesting is that Fe17O10– shows up with prominent abundance in the mass spectra indicative of its distinct inertness. In combination with DFT calculations, we unveil the stability of Fe17O10– within an interesting acordion-like structure and elucidate the spin accommodation in such a strongly ferromagnetic iron cluster oxide.
The prevalence of Dupuytren’s disease in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ganesan Sandhya , Tantone Ryan P. , Komatsu David E. , Hurst Lawrence C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDupuytren’s disease (DD) is a fibroproliferative hand disorder associated with various medical conditions, including diabetes mellitus (DM). The reported prevalence of DM among DD patients varies widely, primarily due to small sample sizes in previous studies.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using data from the TriNetX Research Database. We analyzed the overall prevalence of DD between 2010 and 2020, comparing the DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cohorts. Within the DM group, patients were further categorized based on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values and prescribed anti-diabetic agents (insulin or metformin). We compared the prevalence of DD diagnosis in each group using prevalence ratios and differences.ResultsThere is a higher prevalence of DD in patients with T2DM than in patients with T1DM (relative risk [RR]: 1.641; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.356, 1.986]). Among patients with diabetes, there is a higher prevalence of DD in those taking insulin compared to those taking metformin (RR: 0.801, 95% CI: [0.774, 0.83]). The prevalence of DD varies depending on HbA1c levels, with a prevalence of 0.463% in patients having levels within the diabetic range, while lower prevalences of 0.392% and 0.416% are found in patients with prediabetes or uncontrolled diabetes, respectively.ConclusionsThis study provides further insight into the relationship between DM and DD. These findings may be attributed to the increased accumulation of advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs) in patients with diabetes. Future research exploring the connection between AGE accumulation and DD development may enhance our understanding of the relationship between DD and DM.
To The Question Of The Moods Of The English Verb
Authors: Razeta Shamileva , Musa Ovkhadov , Petimat Zekieva 
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the category of mood of the English verb. This category in the English language is considered taking into account the research available in foreign and domestic linguistic science. The work takes into account the opinions of Henry Sweet, M. Dychben, H. Whitehall, V. Plotkin, F. Palmer, and others. Some of these researchers put forward the semantic approach in the first place, others - the form. There is also a kind of “compromise” approach (B.A. Ilyish).
The position of the authors of the article is based on the need to distinguish mood and modality, take into account the unity of form and content, and study the current state of the mood system in the English language, in which the historical approach, taking into account analogies with Latin, Greek and even Old English, is not fundamental.The theory of inclination put forward by L.S. Barkhudarov seems logical and successful. Along with the main moods, some attention is paid to the so-called “secondary” moods in the work.
Martin's Formula As the Most Suitable Method for Estimation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Indian Population
Authors: Farheen Fatima , Ambiger Sudha , Jaalam Kamarudin , Javali Shivalingappa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Because of cost effectiveness, most of the laboratories in India estimate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with the Friedewald's formula. There were many shortcomings of the Friedewald's formula. Recently, Martin and colleagues have derived a new formula for calculating LDL-C. The present study was undertaken to calculate LDL-C using various formulae (Friedewald's formula, Anandaraja's formula, and Martin's formula) and to compare directly measured LDL-C (D-LDL-C) with calculated LDL-C at various ranges of triglyceride (TG) concentration.
Materials and Methods The present study compared LDL-C measured by Martin's formula, Friedewald's formula, and Anandaraja's formula with D-LDL-C in 280 outpatient fasting samples between the age groups of 18 and 50 years. Depending on the TG values, study samples were divided into four groups. Group 1: less than 200 mg/dL; Group 2: 200 to 300 mg/dL; Group 3: 300 to 400 mg/dL; and Group 4: more than 400 mg/dL.
Results Martin's formula shows highest correlation with r-value of 0.9979 compared with Friedewald's (0.9857) and Anandaraja's (0.9683) r-values. The mean difference was least for Martin's formula (0.31 ± 3.53) compared with other formulae. Among all the groups, percentage of error was least for Martin's formula (0.23%). Martin's LDL-C shows highest concordance (90.90%) compared with Friedewald's (79.60%) and Anandaraja's formulae (82.90%).
Conclusion Among all the groups, Martin's formula shows highest correlation, least percentage of error, highest concordance, and least mean differences. At all TG levels, Martin's formula is the best formula compared with the Friedewald's formula and Anandaraja's formula.
Monetary policy transmission in India under the base rate and MCLR regimes: a comparative study
Authors: Chattopadhyay Sadhan Kumar , Mitra Arghya Kusum 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe paper estimates the degree of pass-through of monetary policy to bank lending rates under both the base rate and the marginal cost of funds-based lending rate (MCLR) regimes using dynamic panel data regression. Using nine different models for nine individual bank-specific variables, the study estimates that a 100 basis point increase in the policy rate leads to an increase in the weighted average lending rate on fresh rupee loans sanctioned by banks over the long run by 26–47 basis point-depending on the model specification- during the MCLR regime as against 11–19 basis point during the base rate regime. Hence, irrespective of the model chosen, transmission is higher during the MCLR regime than base rate regime. The alignment of liquidity management with the monetary policy stance, the introduction of the flexible inflation targeting (FIT) framework and the deceleration in economic activity reducing credit demand could be contributory factors for better transmission during the MCLR regime.
Research on a measurement method for spatio-temporal distribution of fragments based on a high-speed camera network
Authors: Zhou Jiajie , Kong Deren 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To reliably measure multiple spatio-temporal distribution parameters of fragments in the blast field, a measurement method for spatio-temporal distribution of fragments based on a high-speed camera network is proposed. The method is based on the principle of binocular stereo vision measurement and consists of four steps: fragment image acquisition, target detection of multi-view images, fitting of motion trajectory, and calculation of the spatio-temporal distribution parameters. The test results demonstrate that the method can simultaneously measure multiple parameters in the intersecting field of view. Compared with the measurement results of the array target, the absolute value of the measurement relative error of velocity was less than 1.5%, and the measurement results of scatter angle and distribution density were consistent. It indicates that the measurement results of the proposed method are reliable, and the method is a feasible and effective measurement method for spatio-temporal distribution parameters of fragments in the explosion filed.
The free material design problem for the stationary heat equation on low dimensional structure
Authors: Lewiński Tomasz , Rybka Piotr , Zatorska-Goldstein Anna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For a given balanced distribution of heat sources and sinks, Q, we find an optimal conductivity tensor field,

C
ˆ

, minimizing the thermal compliance. We present

C
ˆ

in a rather explicit form in terms of the datum. Our solution is a Borel measure taking values in a cone of non-negative tensors. We present a series of examples with explicit solutions.
Constructing the space of quasisymmetric stellarators through near-axis expansion
Authors: Rodríguez E , Sengupta W , Bhattacharjee A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A simplified view of the space of optimised stellarators has the potential to guide and aid the design efforts of magnetic confinement configurations suitable for future fusion reactors. We present one such view for the class of quasisymmetric stellarators based on their approximate description near their centre (magnetic axis). The result is a space that captures existing designs and presents new ones, providing a common framework to study them. Such a simplified construction offers a basic topological approach, guided by certain theoretical and physical choices, which this paper presents in detail.