bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preserving Retinal Structure and Function with the Novel Nitroxide Antioxidant, DCTEIO
Authors: Rayner Cassie L. , Bottle Steven E. , Martyn Alexander P. , Barnett Nigel L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOxidative stress is a major contributor to progressive neurodegenerative disease and may be a key target for the development of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies. Nitroxides have been successfully utilised to study changes in redox status (biological probes) and modulate radical-induced oxidative stress. This study investigates the efficacy of DCTEIO (5,6-dicarboxy-1,1,3,3-tetraethyllisoindolin-2-yloxyl), a stable, kinetically-persistent, nitroxide-based antioxidant, as a retinal neuroprotectant. The preservation of retinal function following an acute ischaemic/reperfusion (I/R) insult in the presence of DCTEIO was quantified by electroretinography (ERG). Inflammatory responses in retinal glia were analysed by GFAP and IBA-1 immunohistochemistry, and retinal integrity assessed by histology. A nitroxide probe combined with flow cytometry provided a rapid technique to assess oxidative stress and the mitigation offered by antioxidant compounds in cultured 661W photoreceptor cells. DCTEIO protected the retina from I/R-induced damage, maintaining retinal function. Histological analysis showed preservation of retinal integrity with reduced disruption and disorganisation of the inner and outer nuclear layers. I/R injury upregulated GFAP expression, indicative of retinal stress, which was significantly blunted by DCTEIO. The number of ‘activated’ microglia, particularly in the outer retina, in response to cellular stress was also significantly reduced by DCTEIO, potentially suggesting reduced inflammasome activation and cell death. DCTEIO mitigated oxidative stress in 661W retinal cell cultures, in a dose-dependent fashion. Together these findings demonstrate the potential of DCTEIO as a neuroprotective therapeutic for degenerative diseases of the CNS that involve an ROS-mediated component, including those of the retina e.g. age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma.
Former CEOs chairing the board: does it matter to corporate social and environmental investments?
Authors: Trinh Vu Quang , Salama Aly , Li Teng , Lyu Ou , Papagiannidis Savvas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFormer CEOs who stay on the board as Chairmen (i.e., Chair-Former-CEO or CFCEO) often play a vital role in monitoring and advising the incumbent CEOs. However, their influence on firm performance remains under-investigated. This paper aims to offer new insights into the impact that such a role can have by examining corporate investment in social and environmental responsibility. It examines the effect of CFCEOs on the firm’s social and environmental responsibility of 1,263 S&P1500 firms from 2002 to 2021. We find that firms with the presence of a CFCEO exhibit superior social and environmental performance. This finding suggests that CFCEOs can encourage long-term value creation for a broader range of stakeholders by building social capital and public trust. Additional analyses reveal that the positive association between the CFCEO and firms’ social and environmental performance was more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic than during the global financial crisis of 2007-9.
Relocating mathematics: a case of moving texts between the front and back of mathematics
Authors: Lorenat Jemma 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs mathematics departments in the United States began to shift toward standards of original research at the end of the nineteenth century, many adopted journal clubs as forums to engage with new periodical literature. The Bryn Mawr Mathematics Journal Club, maintained episodically between 1896 and 1924, began as a supplement to the graduate course offerings. Each semester student and professor participants focused on a single disciplinary area or surveyed what had been published lately. The Notebooks containing these reports were stored on the open shelves of the college library. These collectively composed documents record ways in which graduate students transcribed and interpreted contemporary literature from the front to the back of mathematics. This article will consider the entries of a single student in which published mathematics was rewritten for a local audience and how the process of relocation animated research at Bryn Mawr.
Statistical evidence and algorithmic decision-making
Authors: Holm Sune 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of algorithms to support prediction-based decision-making is becoming commonplace in a range of domains including health, criminal justice, education, social services, lending, and hiring. An assumption governing such decisions is that there is a property Y such that individual a should be allocated resource R by decision-maker D if a is Y. When there is uncertainty about whether a is Y, algorithms may provide valuable decision support by accurately predicting whether a is Y on the basis of known features of a. Based on recent work on statistical evidence in epistemology this article presents an argument against relying exclusively on algorithmic predictions to allocate resources when they provide purely statistical evidence that a is Y. The article then responds to the objection that any evidence that will increase the proportion of correct decisions should be accepted as the basis for allocations regardless of its epistemic deficiency. Finally, some important practical aspects of the conclusion are considered.
On Polyanalytic Functions in Several Complex Variables
Authors: Vasilevski Nikolai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe give a characterisation of the polyanalytic type subspaces of the Hilbert spaces $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
, being the weighted $$L_2$$

L
2

function spaces on a connected simply connected domains $$D \subset \mathbb {C}^n$$

D
⊂

C

n

. The typical examples considered in the paper are the unit ball $$\mathbb {B}^n$$

B

n

and the whole space $$\mathbb {C}^n$$

C

n

. Our approach is based on the use of the two tuples of operators $$\begin{aligned} \mathbf {\mathfrak {a}}= (\mathfrak {a}_1, \ \mathfrak {a}_2, \ \ldots , \ \mathfrak {a}_n) \quad \textrm{and} \quad \mathbf {\mathfrak {b}}= (\mathfrak {b}_1, \ \mathfrak {b}_2, \ \ldots , \ \mathfrak {b}_n), \end{aligned}$$

a
=

(

a
1

,

a
2

,

…
,

a
n

)

and

b
=

(

b
1

,

b
2

,

…
,

b
n

)

,

which act invariantly in some linear space and satisfy therein the commutation relations $$\begin{aligned} \left[ \mathfrak {a}_j, \mathfrak {b}_{\ell }\right] = \delta _{j,\ell }I, \quad \left[ \mathfrak {a}_j, \mathfrak {a}_{\ell }\right] = 0, \quad \left[ \mathfrak {b}_j, \mathfrak {b}_{\ell }\right] = 0, \quad j,\ell = 1,2,...,n. \end{aligned}$$

a
j

,

b
ℓ

=

δ

j
,
ℓ

I
,

a
j

,

a
ℓ

=
0
,

b
j

,

b
ℓ

=
0
,

j
,
ℓ
=
1
,
2
,
.
.
.
,
n
.

We assume further that a common invariant domain of the above operators is a dense linear subspace in a Hilbert space $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
, and impose several additional conditions. The exact formulation is given in the Extended Fock space construction. Further we specify the obtained description to different concrete realizations of the above operators and Hilbert spaces $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
, illustrating a variety of possibilities that may occur in the characterisation of the polyanalytic type spaces in several complex variables.
The Dual Role of Inner Speech in Narrative Self-Understanding and Narrative Self-Enactment
Authors: Fanti Rovetta Francesco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPsychologists and philosophers agree that personal narratives are a central component of one’s identity. The concept of narrative self has been proposed to capture this aspect of selfhood. In recent times, it has been a matter of debate how the narrative self relates to the embodied and experiential dimension of the self. In this debate, the role attributed to inner speech is that of constructing and maintaining personal narratives. Indeed, evidence suggests that inner speech episodes are involved in self-reflection and autobiographical reasoning. That is, previous works have focused mostly, if not solely, on the role of inner speech for narrative self-understanding. However, inner speech is also involved in enacting personal narratives. In such cases, the content of the inner speech episodes is not in the service of the construction of narratives, rather it implies the identification with the character of the personal narratives. I introduce two instances of the use of inner speech for narrative self-enactment: positive self-talk and stereotype threat. I conclude by considering the implications of the examples introduced for the debate regarding the relation between the narrative and the embodied dimensions of selfhood.
Training Community African American and Hispanic/Latino/a Advocates on Prostate Cancer (PCa): a Multicultural and Bicoastal Approach
Authors: Aristizabal Carolina , Suther Sandra , Yao Yingwei , Behar-Horenstein Linda S. , Webb Fern , Stern Mariana C. , Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAfrican American communities are disproportionately impacted by prostate cancer (PCa) compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Whereas the incidence of PCa in Hispanic/Latino men is lower than the incidence in non-Hispanic/Latino White men, Hispanic/Latino men are more likely to be diagnosed with PCa in late stages, and less likely to be knowledgeable about PCa, resulting in significant disparities. We developed, culturally adapted, translated, implemented, and evaluated a PCa Cancer Advocacy Training in African American and Hispanic/Latino/a communities. Culturally and language specific content for African American and Hispanic/Latino/a patients on PCa causes, risk factors, epidemiology, detection, diagnosis, and treatment were delivered through a workshop and simultaneously broadcasted in Spanish in Los Angeles County (n = 29) and in English in Tallahassee, FL (n = 9). Pre- and posttest surveys assessed impact. Pre vs post differences were statistically significant in knowledge (5.0 ± 1.6 vs 6.3 ± 1.1) and advocacy intentions (3.9 ± 0.9 vs 4.3 ± 0.8), on correctly identifying warning signs for PCa (50% vs 87%), intent to inform and educate about PCa within the next 3 months (69% vs 95%), to ensure that high-quality research is sensitive to the priorities of patients (63% vs 84%), to help increase patient recruitment, compliance, and retention for clinical trials within the next month (62% vs 84%), intent to engage in PCa patient education within the next 3 months (67% vs 92%), and in engaging in PCa community outreach within the next 3 months (67% vs 94%). There were no significant differences due to race/ethnicity. The Cancer Advocacy Training led to increased knowledge, awareness, and intention to engage in advocacy regarding PCa in the next 3 months. Results suggest that delivering culturally and language specific educational information increases engagement of Hispanic/Latino/a and African American patient/community advocates.
Optimization of extraction conditions for phytochemicals from Senna fistula using cheminformatics
Authors: Faboro Esther Oremeyi , Adekunle David Oluwatobi , Obisesan Idowu Arinola , Oyinlola Tomiwa Adelani 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSenna fistula (commonly called golden shower tree) is a tropical plant renowned for its established medicinal properties. Additionally, it serves as a popular ornamental tree for homesteads and roadside plantings. But previous phytochemical studies on the plant adopted the conventional methods of extraction without optimal yield of the plant extract. This study investigated on the phytochemistry of S. fistula leaf, stem bark and flower using ethanol, aqueous and palm wine extracts. Also, optimization of extraction with the aid of design expert was carried out to determine the extraction condition that would give the optimum yield using different solvent. Result of qualitative analysis on phytochemicals showed presence of anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, cardiac glycosides and tannins. An extraction of 10 g of S. fistula for 24 h at 300 rpm, with an orbital shaker time of 30 min, gave an optimal yield of 3.6 g. The bio-active compounds found in S. fistula are subjects of more exploratory research with usable products that can benefit mankind as the focus.
Structuring Surfaces at the Speed of Light
Authors: Henriques B. , Lasagni A. F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn emerging laser-based surface structuring technology (DLIP) uses the interference of light to transfer to materials well-defined periodic features for the large-scale production of novel bio-inspired multifunctional surfaces. In this text, we describe briefly some fundamental aspects of laser-based materials processing, describe the different capabilities of DLIP for producing functional surfaces and give some examples of multifunctional surfaces thus produced. Finally, the main strategies that are being developed to boost the throughput of interference-based patterning technologies are presented.
Quantum Computing: Bridging the National Security–Digital Sovereignty Divide
Authors: Liman Anders , Weber Kate 
Published: July 2023

AbstractQuantum computing research and development efforts have grown dramatically over the past decades, led in part by initiatives from governments around the world. Government quantum computing investments are often driven by national security or digital sovereignty concerns, with the language used depending on the geography involved. For example, a focus on “national security” and quantum computing is prominent in the USA, while European countries regularly focus on “digital sovereignty”. These phrases are often loosely defined and open to interpretation, and they share some common motivations and characteristics (but also have important differences). This paper identifies specific governmental entities typifying the national security/digital sovereignty perspectives, along with these organisations’ respective roles within national and international policy engagement in quantum computing. It analyses governmental structures, historical developments and cultural characteristics that contributed to this national security–digital sovereignty divide. Building on this analysis, we use the history of other technologies to illustrate how we might adapt tested policy approaches to modern political dynamics and to quantum computing specifically. We frame these policy approaches so that they do not overemphasise “digital sovereignty” or “national security”, but rather address interests shared across both concepts, with a view to facilitating international collaboration.
Comparison of the duration of estradiol administration and the effect on pregnancy outcome of day 3 vitrified–warmed embryo transfer cycle: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zarei Afsoon , Keshavarzi Ameneh , Zare Maryam 
Published: July 2023

SummaryBased on the fact that the follicular phase in the menstrual cycle has length variation, it has been assumed that the duration of oestrogen (E2) administration could also be variable; therefore, for the first time, this randomized clinical trial study was conducted to investigate and compare the duration of estradiol administration and the effect on pregnancy outcomes in the cleavage-stage frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle. We included women aged 20–40 with a normal uterus on hysteroscopy between September and December 2022 and who were divided randomly into three groups: group A [n = 79; 8–11 days of oestrogen before progesterone (P4) supplementation], group B (n = 78; 12–14 days of oestrogen before P4 supplementation), and group C (n = 76; 15–18 days of estrogen before P4 supplementation). Serum levels for E2 on the initial progesterone day and P4 on the transfer day were measured. The effect of the duration of E2 administration on clinical pregnancy and pregnancy loss was investigated. We found no significant differences between the three groups in the clinical pregnancy rate (P = 0.696) and clinical abortion rate (P = 0.925) according to the duration of the E2. There was no significant difference in the E2, P4 levels, and endometrial thickness in pregnant vs. non-pregnant women. The mean of the E2 and P4 levels was 300.03 ± 22.21 and 25.36 ± 5.78, respectively. Our findings suggest that variation in the length of E2 administration (8–18 days) before progesterone initiation in day 3 FET cycles does not affect pregnancy outcome and transfer time can be flexibly arranged.
The impact of fragmented QRS on clinical findings and outcomes in children with dilated cardiomyopathy with or without left ventricular non-compaction
Authors: Bayram Özlem , Ramoğlu Mehmet G. , Karagözlü Selen , Bakhtiyarzada Jeyhun , Aydın Alperen , Gurbanov Anar , Murt Begüm , Yılmaz M. Mustafa , Özerdem Burak , Uçar Tayfun , Kendirli Tanıl , Tutar H. Ercan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of fragmented QRS and its associations with clinical findings and prognosis in children diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy with or without left ventricular non-compaction.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and 2020. Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were classified into two groups according to the presence of left ventricular non-compaction: Dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular non-compaction and dilated cardiomyopathy without left ventricular non-compaction. Patients were also divided into two groups according to the presence of fragmented QRS (fragmented QRS group and non-fragmented QRS group).Results:Twenty-three of 44 patients (52.3%) were male. Among left ventricular non-compaction patients, the fragmented QRS group had more complex ventricular arrhythmias (p = 0.003). Patients with fragmented QRS had a significantly higher rate of major adverse cardiac events and/or cardiac death in both cardiomyopathy groups (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005). However, the rate of major adverse cardiac events and/or cardiac death was similar between dilated cardiomyopathy patients with and without left ventricular non-compaction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of fragmented QRS strongly predicts major adverse cardiac events and/or cardiac death (odds ratio, 31.186; 95% confidence interval, 2.347–414.307). Although the survival rates between cardiomyopathy groups were similar, patients with fragmented QRS had a markedly lower survival rate during the follow-up period, as mean of 15 months (p = 0.001).Conclusion:Our study showed that the presence of fragmented QRS may be an important ECG sign predicting an major adverse cardiac event and/or cardiac death in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. We believe that recognising fragmented QRS could be valuable in forecasting patient prognosis and identifying high-risk patients who require additional support.
Development of a model and method for hospice quality assessment from natural language processing (NLP) analysis of online caregiver reviews
Authors: Hotchkiss Jason T. , Ridderman Emily , Bufkin William 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesWith a fraction of hospices having their Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS®) scores on Hospice Compare, a significant reservoir of hospice quality data remains in online caregiver reviews. The purpose of this study was to develop a method and model of hospice quality assessment from caregiver reviews using Watson’s carative model.MethodsRetrospective mixed methods of pilot qualitative thematic analysis and sentiment analysis using NLP of Google and Yelp caregiver reviews between 2013 and 2023. We employed stratified sampling, weighted according to hospice size, to emulate the daily census of enrollees across the United States. Sentiment analysis was performed (n = 3393) using Google NLP.ResultsTwo themes with the highest prevalence had moderately positive sentiments (S): Caring staff (+.47) and Care quality, comfort and cleanliness (+.41). Other positive sentiment scores with high prevalence were Gratitude and thanks (+.81), “Treating the patient with respect” (+.54), and “Emotional, spiritual, bereavement support” (+.60). Lowest sentiment scores were “Insurance, administrative or billing” (–.37), “Lack of staffing” (–.32), and “Communication with the family” (–.01).Significance of resultsIn the developed quality model, caregivers recommended hospices with caring staff, providing quality care, responsive to requests, and offering family support, including bereavement care. All ten Watson's carative factors and all eight CAHPS measures were presented in the discovered review themes of the quality model. Close-ended CAHPS scores and open-ended online reviews have substantial conceptual overlap and complementary insights. Future hospice quality research should explore caregiver expectations and compare review themes by profit status.
Handedness and 23 Early Life Characteristics in 37,495 Dutch Twins
Authors: Odintsova Veronika V. , van Dongen Jenny , van Beijsterveldt Catharina E. M. , Ligthart Lannie , Willemsen Gonneke , de Geus Eco J. C. , Dolan Conor V. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn studies of singletons, a range of early-life characteristics have been reported to be associated with handedness, but some of these associations have failed to replicate. We examined associations between 23 early life characteristics with handedness in a large sample of 37,495 5-year-old twins. We considered three definitions of handedness: left-handedness (LH), mixed-handedness (MH), and non-right-handedness (NRH). Our main aim was to test whether the associations with sex, birth weight, gestational age, and season of birth — as reported in singletons — replicate in twins, and to examine twin-specific variables, including zygosity, chorionicity, birth order, and intertwin delivery time. Compared to previously published data from adults born as singletons (7.23%), the prevalence of NRH was higher in both twins (16.19%) and their parents (15.09%). In the twins, LH and NRH were associated with parents’ LH. Male sex and lower gestational age were associated with NRH, and LH was associated with not being breastfed. MH was related to neurodevelopmental delays and higher externalizing problems later in childhood. Other previously reported associations were not replicated, and no twin-specific characteristics were related to handedness. These results emphasize the importance of considering multiple definitions of handedness and indicate a small number of replicated associations across studies.
The First GECAM Observation Results on Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes and Terrestrial Electron Beams
Authors: Zhao Y. , Liu J. C. , Xiong S. L. , Xue W. C. , Yi Q. B. , Lu G. P. , Xu W. , Lyu F. C. , Sun J. C. , Peng W. X. , Zheng C. , Zhang Y. Q. , Cai C. , Xiao S. , Xie S. L. , Wang C. W. , Tan W. J. , An Z. H. , Chen G. , Du Y. Q. , Huang Y. , Gao M. , Gong K. , Guo D. Y. , He J. J. , Li B. , Li G. , Li X. Q. , Li X. B. , Liao J. Y. , Liang J. , Liang X. H. , Liu Y. Q. , Ma X. , Qiao R. , Song L. M. , Song X. Y. , Sun X. L. , Wang J. , Wang J. Z. , Wang P. , Wen X. Y. , Wu H. , Xu Y. B. , Yang S. , Zhang B. X. , Zhang D. L. , Zhang F. , Zhang P. , Zhang H. M. , Zhang Z. , Zhao X. Y. , Zheng S. J. , Zhang K. K. , Han X. B. , Wu H. Y. , Hu T. , Geng H. , Zhang H. B. , Lu F. J. , Zhang S. N. , Yu H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGravitational‐wave high‐energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All‐sky Monitor (GECAM) is a space‐borne instrument dedicated to monitoring high‐energy transients, including Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flashes (TGFs) and Terrestrial Electron Beams (TEBs). We implemented a TGF/TEB search algorithm for GECAM, with which 147 bright TGFs, 2 typical TEBs and 2 special TEB‐like events are identified during an effective observation time of ∼9 months. We show that, with gamma‐ray and charged particle detectors, GECAM can effectively identify and distinguish TGFs and TEBs, and measure their temporal and spectral properties in detail. A very high TGF‐lightning association rate of ∼80% is obtained between GECAM and GLD360 in east Asia region.