bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density and Relativity Abundance of the Prawn and Shrimps in Al-Hammar and Al-Chibayish Marshes of Southern Iraq
Authors: Jodha Rawan Dawood , Hamza Haifa Ali 
Published: March 2023

The current study was conducted to calculate the annual Occurrence, monthly density and relative abundance of the Metapenaeus affinis. The samples were collected monthly for the period from October 2017 to September 2018. Some environmental factors such as temperature of water and air, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and turbidity were measured. We obtained 7 types of shrimp belonging to three families in the Al-Burka station and the Al Sabbaghia Station , which are 7 species, all of which belong to the Division of arthropods and crustaceans, the first family: Penaeidae is a banyan family that includes Metapeneaus affinis, Penaeus semisulcatus, Family: Atyidae, include Caridina babaulti basrensis , Atyaephyra desmaresti mesopotamica and Family: Palamonidae includes Exopalaemon styliferus, Palaemon elegans and Macrobrachium nipponense divided into four categories according to the Yearly Occurrence Resident, Fluctuated, Occasional, Rare .
The monthly density of each species of shrimp was calculated and the range was: for Metapenaeus affinis 0-325.85 Ind./ m² and Penaeus semisulacatus 0-5.32 Ind./ m² and Caridina babaulti basrensis 0-111.72 Ind./ m² Atyaephyra desmaresti mesopotamica 0-679.63 Ind./ m² Exopalaemon styliferus 0-23.94 Ind./ m² Palaemon elegans 0-19.95 Ind./m² Macrobrachium nipponense 0-55.86 Ind./ m² .
The highest density in the Al-Burka station for Metapeneaus affinis to 2600.15 Ind./ m² The Lowest density for Penaeus semisulacatus to 9.31 Ind./ m² and the highest density in the Al Sabbaghia Station for cardinia babaulti basrensis to 320.53 Ind./ m² and the lowest density for Exopalaemon styliferu at 3.99 Ind./ m² and The total density of the Al-Burka station in the east Al-Hammar Marsh was higher than the. Al Sabbaghia Station In Chabaish Marsh .
The monthly abundance of shrimp was calculated as Metapenaeus affinis 0-100%, Penaeus semisulacatus 0-1.87 %, Caridina babaulti basrensis 0-93.33 %, Atyaephyra desmaresti mesopotamica 0-100 %, Exopalaemon styliferus 0-27.27% ,Palaemon elegans 0- 26.66 % , Macrobrachium nipponense 0-73.33 %.
. The results of the statistical analysis showed a positive relationship between abundance and water temperature, pH and salinity and showed significant differences between abundance and acuityP< 0.007 between sovereignty and mean P< 0.018 The correlation coefficient was positive between abundance and (temperature water, pH , Salinity and acacia) and the correlation coefficient between abundance and dissolved oxygen.
Use of moringa, Moringa oleifera leaf meal as partial replacement of soybean meal in common carp feed
Authors: Al-Dubakel Adel Y. , Taher Majid M. 
Published: March 2023

A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the replacement of soybean meal with moringa, Moringa oleifera (Author's name and year) leaf meal (MLM) in the formulated diet of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Eight aquaria, two for each treatment, were used for the current experiment conducted at the Laboratory of Live Food- Aquaculture Unit- Agriculture College. Four treatments which were control (C) (0% MLM), T1 (5% MLM), T2 (10% MLM) and T3 (15% MLM) were used in feeding common carp. This experiment lasted 56 days and fishes were fed six days a week using 5% of fish weights as feeding ratio. Statistical analysis of weight increments and daily growth rate proved that there were significant differences (P≤0.05) between T3 and other treatments, while there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between C and both T1 & T2. Best feed conversion rate (3.13) achieved by fishes fed on feed with 5% moringa leaf meal (T1), while the worst feed conversion rate (7.50) was achieved by fishes fed on feed with 15% moringa leaf meal (T3). In conclusion that better growth and feed conversion rate achieved by fishes fed on feed with 5% moringa leaf meal and increasing the ratio in the feed will affect adversely the results.
An ecological study of Rotifera of the Southern Shatt Al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Abbas Mohammed F. 
Published: March 2023

At three stations of the Shatt Al-Arab River, the ecology of Rotifera was studied: the first Al-Ashar second Abul Khasib and the third Al-Fao. Seasonal horizontal hauls were taken by a plankton net of a mesh-size of 53-µm during 2013. Density of Rotifera fluctuated between 0-113.3 ind./L registered at all station. Eighteen taxa belonging to nine genera of Rotifera were encountered. Water temperature values ranged between 15 and 27.5 degrees Celsius, salinity values were registered 1.8-40 g/L, pH values ranged between 6.2 and 8.7, and the dissolved oxygen values ranged between 5.1 and 9.9 mg/L. TDS values fluctuated between 1467 and 33590 mg/L, while the turbidity values ranged between 7.1 and 180.6 FTU. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS and CANOCO software.
Fish as pollution indicator with some heavy metals in the Iraqi seawater
Authors: Alhassoon Ahmed Sh. , Ibrahim Feryal H. 
Published: March 2023

This study is concerned with the concentrates of heavy metals (Cd , Pb and Zn ) that is found in Lisa subviridis fish, which were collected on April 2017 to September 2018, it is brought from the Iraqi seawater, samples of fish were dried by (Deep Freeze Drier), ash was estimated by furnace and then digested by Nitric acid, after digesting the samples were diluted and the above heavy metals were estimated by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, the results shows that the upper values of estimated heavy metals concentrates (Cd, Pb and Zn) were recorded in August 2017 it was o.o48,0.062 and 0.042 mg/gm respectively, while Cd shows less recorded value in February 2018, Pb and Zn recorded less values in April and May 2018, it was 0.045 and 0.023 mg/gm respectively.
The Effect of Adding Beta-glucan Extracted From Bread yeast and barley bran on Inhibiting Microbial Population of Fish Patties at Cooling Storage Periods
Authors: Al-Jumaiee Shaymaa A.J. , Al-Manhel Alaa J.A. , Al- Hussainy Khadeeja S.J. 
Published: March 2023

The Homopolysaccharide called beta-glucan was extracted from different sources, microbial source (baking yeast of Turkish origin) and vegetable source (brown barley bran) using the classical method and hot water method respectively. Results showed that the higher yield contents of β-glucan, which reached 5.95 % and 5.18 % were found in the baker’s yeast of Turkish origin and barley bran respectively, The β-glucan was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the result confirmed that the extracted glucan showed a high degree of similarity and purity as compared with the standard, The β-glucan was added to the fish patties at different ratio (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1) gm\25gm patties, and storage patties at 4 °C for 14 days. Effect of addition of different levels of β-glucan from both sources on inhibition of the bacterial counts for fish patties during storage (14 days) was studied, the total counts of bacteria was decreased with increasing the ratios of β-glucan up to 1%, the ability of the extracted β-glucan from barley bran to inhibit the total bacterial count, psychrophilic bacteria and coliform bacteria was greater than that the extracted β-glucan from yeast.
Nutritional value of some commercial marine fishes
Authors: Al-Hamadany Qusay H. , Farnar Khalid W. , Jabir Amir A. , Al-Anber Luma J. 
Published: March 2023

The study included a comparability of chemical composition and nutritional value of four economical fishes species from Iraqi costal waters northwestern of Arabian gulf: The species including Tenualosa ilisha, Acanthobagrus arabicus, Otoliths ruber and Planiliza subviridis. Samples brought from the local markets in Basra governance-southern of Iraq. Results shows that the moisture of fish`s muscles was recorded from 69.15 ± 0.91% to 76.83 ± 0.15%, protein was 16.93 ± 0.15 to 19.56 ± 0.83%, fat content was recorded from 1.64 ± 0.22 to 9.92 ± 0.51%, and ash from 1.81 ± 0.12 to 4.08 ± 0.08% . The statistical analysis shows that there was a significant differences (p < 0.05) between the four species in some of the chemical composition ratios above. The nutritional value of energy recorded from 112.435 to 194.835 Kcal/ 100 g. The result of this study shows that fishes from Iraqi marine waters considered as a main sources of protein and fat. These results can be used as an information to the consumers showing that species of fishes was rich with a high quality and food contents. It is recommended to consideration that Al-Nuweibi Otoliths. ruber periodically with a high proportion contains of animal protein, which is beneficial to growing up body and muscles.
Laboratory infection of three species of fishes with the water mold Saprolegnia parasitica and methods of their treatment
Authors: Badr Sanaa Qasem , Al-Duboon Abdul-Hafiz , Muhsin Tawfiq M. 
Published: March 2023

Three fish species (Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Carrassius auratus auratus) were artificially infected with the fungus Saprolegnia parasitica. The infection was done under certain laboratory circumstances represented by a change in temperature (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C) and in nutrients (normal, decrease and increase in nutrients) under a constant pH. The statistical analysis of infection results showed that the influence of temperature on fungal infection was dominant. Thus, when temperature decreases, infection increases and vice versa. Time and nutrients were less influential.The infected fish were treated with different remedial materials (sodium chloride, methylene blue, potassium permanganate, ketoconazole and fluconazole). All these materials showed positive results in the total treatment of the infected fishes but the best was the sodium chloride at a concentration of 9%.
The revenues obtained from the Fish Farming in the province of Wasit
Authors: Jidran Kareem Khudhair 
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted in the province of Waist. The town of Hafria during (2009 - 2010) to determine the feasibility of fish farming in fish ponds. Which is the most common method in Iraq. The total number of fish farms in the whole of the province was 175 farms. The total area of these farms was 10011 Donam (1/4 hectare). While their water area was1667.5 Hectare. The capacity of these farms was 6670000 fingerlings. These farms lie mainly in the northern part of the province. i.e.. in Al- Azizia city and especially in the town of Al-Hafria which is adjacent to the southern border lines of Baghdad province. The total number of these farms is 47 which form 56.6 % from the total number of farms in this city of Al-Azizia, and 26.9 % from the total number of fish farms in the whole province. Their area is (2425) Donam and their water area is 1964 Donam while their Fish ponds were 278 the total capacity of those basins is 1964000 fingerlings. This study deals with the evaluation and analysis of the feasibility of these projects in this region. An arbitrary specimen of ten projects was taken which formed 33% from the working farms. The evaluation was done by using 21 economic standards. The value of these standards calculated on the basis of a single Donam which showed the success of each project. When evaluated in isolation. It also showed the feasibility of all the projects after calculating the costs and revenues. These fish farms also proved successful under the risky conditions when an increase of 10% in the costs and a stability in the costs. The results of the statistical analysis have also shown significant differences among these fish farms. The matter which would encourage projects owners to keep on investing in spite of the fluctuations in prices and in the quality and quantity of inputs and outputs. Resulting from the unstable conditions of the local markets.
Isolation and Identification of Antibiotic Cryptophycin from Cyanobacteria Nostoc muscorum Isolated from Iraqi Soil
Authors: Al-Aarajy, M.K. , Zeara S.T. , Al-Mazini M.A 
Published: March 2023

The study is included isolation and identification of eight species of cyanobacteria from 12 soil samples from Garmat-Ali and Abu-Alkhaseeb in Basrah city. The isolated species have been grown and multiplicated at laboratory condition:Temperature (27±2) ºC and illumination (150-175) Lux for (16:8) hours light : dark cycle. The ability of these species of these species to produce antibiotics against reference strains of the gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571) (gram positive) and the gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (NCTC 5933) (gram negative) was tested. Isolate of Nostoc muscorum show inhibition activity with wilde inhibition diameter compared with other isolates. The ability of N.muscorum to secrete antibiotics in the threedifferent fermentation media was tested, the results showed differences in the production of the antibiotiocs between the three different media and the higher productivity was clear in the third medium which showed remarkable activity against bacterial isolates.
The antibiotic was purified by using column chromatography technique and assistance the purification of antibiotic was done by using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The produced antibioticswere identified as cryptophycin by determination of: melting point MP), molecular weight and other chemical tests in addition to ultra-violet UV) and infra red spectroscopy (IR). The results of all above tests were showed the similarity between the produced antibiotic aest standard cryptophycin.
Customary Water Tenure
Authors: Van Koppen Barbara 
Published: March 2023

Heritage and culture not only shape the customary tenure of land and forest resources of most indigenous peoples and local communities in low-income rural areas, but also community members’ mutual relations vis-à-vis their water resources, or, in other words: customary water tenure. Age-old settlement by farm communities or pastoralists’ establishment of nomadic routes vested customary rights to land and the fugitive surface runoff and streams flowing over the lands; soil moisture, wetlands and lakes on the land; and aquifers under the land.
In customary water tenure, orally transmitted norms and practices have governed communities’ construction, operation and maintenance of traditional local infrastructure, such as weirs, dams and ponds, to store water as buffer to seasonal variability; wells and lifting devices to tap aquifers, the planet’s largest storage; and canals, tunnels and pipes to channel water where and when needed for drinking, other domestic uses, livestock, irrigation of crops, vegetables and trees, brick making, crafts, small-scale enterprise and ceremonial uses, or to ensure water availability for fisheries and navigation. Customary normative frameworks continue to shape communities’ investments in “modern” low-cost plastic pipes, tanks, small motorized pumps, or solar energy, also responding to growing populations, markets for water-dependent produce, and higher aspirations.
Nível de alfabetização financeira pessoal de estudantes universitários brasileiros
Authors: Niehues Andrea Luisa da Silva , Krause Regiane , De Aquino Roger Freitas , De Souza Júlio Cesar Lopes 
Published: March 2023

Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a alfabetização financeira de estudantes universitários de uma universidade do Sul do Brasil, por meio da análise do comportamento na atitude de consumo, o conhecimento relacionado a investimentos e organização financeira. Também foram consideradas variáveis sociodemográficas, como idade, sexo, renda. Como variável de controle foram usadas as dimensões conhecimento financeiro, organização e atitude financeira, denominada como alfabetização financeira, correlacionada às variáveis sociodemográficas. Para executar o modelo foi realizada uma pesquisa survey enviada aos estudantes universitários de todos os cursos de graduação da universidade objeto de estudo. A pesquisa resultou em 276 respondentes e as informações foram testadas através de regressão linear múltipla. A motivação para realização deste estudo é identificar se os estudantes universitários são alfabetizados financeiramente e se a alfabetização é afetada por variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas.
Monkeypox Disease with Predominant Genital Symptoms: A Nigerian Case Report
Authors: Owhonda Golden , Wali Ihuoma Aaron , Nwadiuto Ifeoma , Abikor Victor , Solomon Livingstone , Luke Anwuri , Onu Hastings , Onyiri Victor , Akpuh Ndubuisi 
Published: March 2023

Mpox presents typically with macular papular body rashes with similar-looking sores in genital or oral areas. It may be missed, or wrongly managed as sexually transmitted infections (STI), especially in settings where symptom-based treatment practices are sufficient for care.
We describe a 40-year-old cisgender male, heterosexual Nigerian who developed some rash in the genital region associated with penile swelling. It was suspected to be syphilis and managed with presumptive antibiotics. Laboratory investigation (PCR) confirmed that it was a Mpox disease, and VDRLT was negative. Notably, in this case, the early symptoms were a paradigm case of Mpox disease presenting as an STI, which syndromically conformed more to an STI than the case definition for a suspected case of Mpox in our setting. Consequently, the expected early containment activities were delayed. This increased the potential of further disease spread. An Update of the standard case definition as well as a reclassification of the disease as a possible STI is recommended for enhanced surveillance, increased case detection, and reduction in the burden of unrecognized cases.
Didactic Material: Road Map for the Implementation of Competency Based Approach to English in Secondary Schools in South West Region
Authors: Ako Enow Sammy , Martin Asah , Ebangha Tanyi Maureen 
Published: March 2023

The problem of this study emanates from the continuous decline in the result of English language at the GCE ordinary and advanced Level results despite the introduction of the Competency-Based Approach (Futrher-CBA). To examine the prevailing situation, the main objective is to evaluate the effect of didactic material on teaching and learning on the implementation of CBA to English language in secondary schools. The research question: what is the effect of didactic material on the implementation of CBA to English Language in Secondary Schools Curriculum in South West Region? From the findings, the null hypothesis was rejected and the study concluded that there is a significant statistical evidence to suggest that didactic materials have a significant effect on the implementation of CBA to English language in secondary schools in south-west region. The researcher suggests that stakeholders should equip the schools with modern valuable didactic materials, a compulsory involvement of teachers in decision-making on curriculum change, rigorous implementation of in-service and pre-service training of teachers on CBA, and that policymakers should not import and adapt any language teaching approach from the west without considering contextual constraints.
Physicochemical Properties, Heavy Metals and Aflatoxins Content of Crude Palm and Groundnut Oils Produced and Marketed in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Amua Q. M. , Abah J. O. , Muyong G. M. , Bongjo N. B. 
Published: March 2023

The study aims at assessing the physicochemical properties, heavy metals, and aflatoxins content of crude palm and groundnut oils produced and sold in the Adikpo, Wadata, and Otukpa areas of Benue state, Nigeria. Specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, moisture content, and smoke point are the physicochemical properties evaluated. The heavy metals analyzed include; Lead, Nickel, Copper, Iron, Arsenic, and Iron. Total aflatoxins were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Findings revealed that most of the physicochemical properties of palm and groundnut oils from these areas deviated from the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) standard range. A high amount of Cadmium (0.89 mg/kg, 1.01 mg/kg, and 0.92 mg/kg) was detected in the local groundnut oil samples but lesser in palm oils from Adikpo, Wadata, and Otukpa respectively, while Copper content was within the FAO/WHO safe limits. The arsenic content of palm oil produced in the region was not as high as those in groundnut oil but was higher than the recommended maximum limit of 0.1 mg/kg. The Nickel content in the oil samples was higher than the 0.50 mg/kg permissible limit, but Lead was within the safe limits. Total Aflatoxin content in crude groundnut oil was within the range of 9.05 ppm to 10.13 ppm, while a range of 2.03 ppm to 2.74 ppm was recorded in crude palm oil. The locally produced oils are of lower quality, suggesting that refining should be adopted and quality seeds should be used for the extraction of oils.
Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with BCR-ABL1 Positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; 13.5 Years’ Experience at Patan Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari A. , Shrish K. , Kayastha G. K. , Ranjitkar N. , Zimmerman M. , Lama M. , Thapa R. K. , Basnyat B. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Since the advent of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI), well controlled studies in developed world have shown that the life expectancy of patients with CML is comparable to normal people without the disease. But long-term follow up studies are lacking in resource poor setting.
Methods: This is a retrospective follow up study looking at the molecular response and resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) in patients enrolled in the Max Access Program since February 2003 till March 2017. Patients with two or more BCR-ABL1 levels by Karyotyping/ fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) / reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included. At baseline, complete blood count (CBC), renal function test (RFT), and liver function test (LFT) were evaluated. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy for morphology, cytogenetic analysis by Karyotyping/FISH and/or molecular analysis by RT-PCR were also done if these tests were not performed earlier. FISH or RT-PCR was done on peripheral blood every 3–12 months as necessary if the patient could afford. Patients with warning response/failure underwent BCR-ABL1 Resistance Mutation Analysis (IRMA).
Results: Three hundred and forty six (346) patients had two or more BCR-ABL1 monitoring tests done. Optimal response was seen in 49.42%. Similarly, suboptimal response and failure were seen in 16.5% and 34% respectively. Overall Survival is 89.6% (at 1.8 -165 months, mean 62 months) . If only CML related events is considered survival is 95.9%. Seventy seven (77) patients with a total of 80 BCR-ABL1 domain Imatinib Resistance Mutation Analyses (IRMA) showed 19 different types of mutations with the most common being T315I mutation (8 and 19.5%). About 22.25% of the total patients showed resistance to Glivec out of which 10.98% showed mutations. Nine patients underwent trial for treatment free response (TFR) and 5 of them relapsed between 2-8 months.
Conclusions: Despite all the odds of having financial problem, accessibility problem due to distances, transportation, etc. and difficulty monitoring with routine BCR-ABL1 and IRMA, our findings show that the outcome of TKI therapy in our CML patients is comparable to well controlled studies done elsewhere. Overall survival, molecular and cytogenetic responses and mutations in our patients who developed resistance as well as TFR are also similar to other studies. The resistance rate of 22.25% is slightly higher compared to other studies in developed world. This is mainly because of poor monitoring due to unavailability of the test including IRMA in our country and affordability until 2012. It proves that TKI is very effective in CML even in a resource-poor, developing country.