bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lupus Anticoagulant and Anticardiolipin Antibody IgG are Associated with Increased Atherosclerosis at the Suprainguinal Elastic and Infrainguinal Muscular Arteries in the Abdomen and Lower Extremities
Authors: Park Jong Kwon , Yi Jisook 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Whether antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) cause atherosclerosis in certain arteries with specific compositions and locations remains unknown. We investigated the relationship between aPLs and their association with locations of atherosclerosis in the arteries of the abdomen and lower extremities.

Methods
Of 2273 patients, 697 who underwent computed tomography angiography of the abdomen and lower extremities and aPL evaluation were included. Atherosclerosis distribution score (ADS) was employed to quantify atherosclerosis severity. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using the ADS of the suprainguinal elastic and infrainguinal muscular arteries as dependent variables and all aPLs, conventional risk factors of atherosclerosis, and coagulation-related factors as independent variables.

Results
In the suprainguinal elastic and infrainguinal muscular arteries, common risk factors for higher ADS were age, smoking, hypertension, higher glycated hemoglobin, male sex, decreased protein S, and increased homocysteine. Lupus anticoagulant (LA) and increased triglyceride level in the suprainguinal elastic arteries and anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) immunoglobulin (Ig)G, longer alcohol consumption duration, and increased fibrinogen level in the infrainguinal muscular arteries were also risk factors for higher ADS.

Conclusion
LA and aCL IgG were associated with atherosclerosis in the suprainguinal elastic and infrainguinal muscular arteries, respectively. aPLs could predict the location of atherosclerosis.
The Collapse of the Gold Standard in Africa: Money and Colonialism in the Interwar Period
Authors: Gardner Leigh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch on Africa’s monetary history has tended to focus on the imposition of colonial currencies while neglecting the monetary upheavals which faced the colonial powers after the collapse of the gold standard during World War I. Gardner profiles three crises—in The Gambia, Kenya, and Liberia—resulting from shifting exchange rates between European currencies during the 1920s and 1930s. These three cases illustrate the degree to which colonial policies struggled to keep up with the economic turmoil affecting metropolitan states and bring Africa into the story of global monetary instability during the interwar period, which is often told only from a European perspective.
An introduction to radical participatory design: decolonising participatory design processes
Authors: Udoewa Victor 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Outside of community-led design projects, most participatory design processes initiated by a company or organisation maintain or even strengthen power imbalances between the design organisation and the community on whose purported behalf they are designing, further increasing the absencing experience. Radical participatory design (RPD) is a radically relational answer to the coloniality inherent in participatory design where the community members’ disappointment is greater due to the greater expectations and presencing potential of a ‘participatory design’ process. We introduce the term RPD to show how research and design processes can be truly participatory to the root or core. Instead of treating participatory design as a method, a way of conducting a method, or a methodology, we introduce RPD as a meta-methodology, a way of doing any methodology. We explicitly describe what participation means and compare and contrast design processes based on the amount of participation, creating a typology of participation. We introduce ‘designer as community member’, ‘community member as designer,’ and ‘community member as facilitator’ models and provide characteristics for the meta-methodology of RPD.
Reinterpreting the Virginia Plantation, 1609–1618
Authors: Smith Edmond 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing evidence from underused manuscript and archaeological material as well as printed texts, the author demonstrates that the early Virginia plantation was far from a disaster. Focusing on the period 1609–1618, the author situates the colony within the globally connected environments of early modern trade and empire. The author reveals how the expectations of the colony's proponents were met on a variety of levels, and the colony was successfully undertaken through the mediation of global pressures and English corporate culture within the specific local spaces of North America. The Virginia plantation was self-sufficient, economically diverse, and integrated conceptually and practically into the wider activities of its investors and leadership. Through this interpretation, this article contributes to the understanding of practices of colonization in early modern America and the connectedness of English overseas activities and the awareness of the Virginia Company participants’ of the colony's place within wider, global economies.
“Pernicious Publicity”: The East India Company, the Military, and the Freedom of the Press, 1818–1823
Authors: Wilkinson Callie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarly nineteenth-century Bengal is frequently used as a case study to demonstrate how debates over press liberties acquired additional stakes in colonial settings. Yet existing scholarship overlooks how the expansion of Britain's military presence overseas during and after the Napoleonic Wars complicated reformist ambitions for a free press. In India, army officers formed a significant proportion of the European population and were both enthusiastic readers of and contributors to the fledgling colonial press. Using the example of the Calcutta Journal, one of India's first daily newspapers, the author shows how the boundaries of what officers could and could not publicize in the press were negotiated through legal proceedings and disciplinary action and through debate within the newspaper itself. The preservation of military discipline was the primary motivation for press regulation during this period, and the military continued to be viewed as an exception to the rule even as commitment to government intervention began to wane. Yet within the military itself, officers strenuously debated their right to speak out and claim their place within the public sphere. These disputes reflect wider divisions within the army and reveal the ambiguous position of Britain's military at a time when the relationship between state and civil society was being reconfigured.
Life and land engulfed in the late Early Jurassic Karoo lavas of southern Gondwana
Authors: Bordy Emese M. , Lockley Martin G. , Rampersadh Akhil , Mukaddam Riyaad , Head Howard V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe rock record from the late Early Jurassic in southern Africa encompasses the history of voluminous continental flood basalt outpourings associated with the magmatic events in the Karoo–Ferrar Large Igneous Province (LIP) in southern and eastern Gondwana. This multiphase magmatism produced one of Earth’s largest continental flood basalt successions volumetrically and is assumed to have been a main driving mechanism in late Early Jurassic global environmental perturbations, including mass extinctions and changes in climate. In southern Africa, these Lower Jurassic flood basalts are interbedded with fossiliferous sedimentary rocks, which in turn host the last signs of ‘Karoo life’ in the form of fossil plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, including the trackways of hopping mammals and the ultimate Karoo dinosaurs. The sedimentology and palaeontology of the interbeds archived depositional and biotic processes in running water as well as in and around shallow, up to ∼10 m deep freshwater lakes and ponds in the late Early Jurassic. This study explains how a complex freshwater palaeo-habitat prevailed – albeit temporarily – in this extremely stressful environment, which was unlike any modern volcanic system. The evidence collectively points to seasonally wet, warm temperate climatic conditions during the early phases of Karoo volcanism. Moreover, the evidence in the rocks also suggests that the dynamic volcanic conditions resulted in shifting habitats that likely facilitated the migration of the ultimate Karoo biota towards the north and west, away from the main Karoo land of fire, just before Gondwana started to disassemble. This refinement of the environmental dynamics in southern Gondwana presented herein lays the groundwork for future high-resolution volcanological, geochronological and chemostratigraphical studies aimed at the nuanced understanding of the global environmental effect of the Karoo–Ferrar LIP.
Integrated surveillance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella and Escherichia coli from humans and animal species raised for human consumption in Canada from 2012 to 2017
Authors: Primeau Courtney A. , Bharat Amrita , Janecko Nicol , Carson Carolee A. , Mulvey Michael , Reid-Smith Richard , McEwen Scott , McWhirter Jennifer E. , Parmley E. Jane 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms is a global health concern. The objectives of this study were to (1) summarise the prevalence of potential ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Salmonella spp. (ESBL-SA) isolates from agrifood and human sources in Canada from 2012 to 2017, and (2) describe the distribution of ESBL genotypes among these isolates. All data were obtained from the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS). CIPARS analysed samples for the presence of ESBLs through phenotypic classification and identified beta-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX, blaOXA, blaCMY−2) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). The prevalence of PCR-confirmed ESBL-EC in agrifood samples ranged from 0.5% to 3% across the surveillance years, and was detected most frequently in samples from broiler chicken farms. The overall prevalence of PCR-confirmed ESBL-SA varied between 1% and 4% between 2012 and 2017, and was most frequently detected in clinical isolates from domestic cattle. The TEM-CMY2 gene combination was the most frequently detected genotype for both ESBL-EC and ESBL-SA. The data suggest that the prevalence of ESBL-EC and ESBL-SA in Canada was low (i.e. <5%), but ongoing surveillance is needed to detect emerging or changing trends.
The Emergency Preparedness of Level-Four Primary Health Care Centers in the Gaza Strip, the Occupied Palestinian Territory: An Assessment of Primary Care Providers’ Competencies and Facilities Preparedness
Authors: Alrayyes Maisara A. , Alaila Basel H. , Aldalou Mohammed Rezeq R. , Omamalin Norie Grace D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroduction:The Gaza Strip lives in a protracted emergency crisis and experienced several Israeli escalations. These escalations have overwhelmed the hospitals and highlighted the need to optimize Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) to form part of the emergency response system. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the emergency preparedness of the Ministry of Health (MoH)-run level-four PHCCs in the Gaza Strip (where Emergency Medical Services are provided along with preventive and curative services).Methods:The study was cross-sectional, used quantitative methods, and utilized two tools. The first tool was a self-administered structured questionnaire exploring Primary Care Providers’ ([PCPs]; doctors and nurses) experiences, perceived capabilities, and training needs. The second tool was an observational checklist used to assess the preparedness of the emergency rooms (ERs) at level-four PHCCs in the Gaza Strip.Results:Two hundred and thirty-eight PCPs (34.5% doctors and 65.5% nurses) working in 16 level-four PHCCs were included. Overall, 64.4% of the participants had experience working in PHCCs during Israeli escalations, though 35.3% of them were unaware of the contingency plan (CP) of PHCCs. More nurses were aware of CPs than doctors (66.9% versus 42.7%; P <.001). Moreover, 65.7%, 46.7%, and 42.5% of the participants were trained in Basic Life Support (BLS), Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS), and Primary Trauma Care (PTC), respectively. However, many had received the training for more than two years, and none of the PHCCs had all its staff trained. Only 36.8% of the participants were trained in Post-Trauma/Post-Operative Care (wound care and dressing), and the percentage of trained nurses was significantly higher than those of doctors (36.8% versus 13.9%; P <.001). The majority of the participants admitted they need ACLS training (89.2%), PTC training (89%), BLS training (81.1%), and Post-Trauma/Post-Operative Care training (76.8%). Only 29.63% of emergency drugs and 37.5% of the equipment and disposables were available in the ERs of all PHCCs, and none of the PHCCs had all the essential emergency drugs, equipment, and disposables available.Conclusion:Level-four PHCCs in the Gaza Strip are not adequately prepared to respond to emergencies. Generally, PCPs lack appropriate competencies for emergency response, and many PHCCs lack the infrastructure to support Primary Emergency Care (PEC). Thus, PCPs need continuous education and training in disaster preparedness and response and PEC.
ACT-i, an insomnia intervention for autistic adults: a pilot study
Authors: Lawson Lauren P. , Richdale Amanda L. , Denney Kathleen , Morris Eric M.J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:Insomnia and disturbed sleep are more common in autistic adults compared with non-autistic adults, contributing to significant social, psychological and health burdens. However, sleep intervention research for autistic adults is lacking.Aims:The aim of the study was to implement an acceptance and commitment therapy group insomnia intervention (ACT-i) tailored for autistic adults to examine its impact on insomnia and co-occurring mental health symptoms.Method:Eight individuals (6 male, 2 female) aged between 18 and 70 years, with a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, and scores ranging from 9 to 26 on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) participated in the trial. Participants were assigned to one of two intervention groups (4 per group) within a multiple baseline over time design for group. Participants completed questionnaires pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 2-month follow-up, actigraphy 1 week prior to intervention and 1 week post-intervention, and a daily sleep diary from baseline to 1 week post-intervention, and 1 week at follow-up.Results:At a group level there were significant improvements in ISI (λ2=10.17,p=.006) and HADS-A (anxiety) (λ2=8.40,p=.015) scores across the three time points. Clinically reliable improvement occurred for ISI scores (n=5) and HADS-A scores (n=4) following intervention. Client satisfaction indicated that ACT-i was an acceptable intervention to the participants (median 4 out of 5).Conclusions:This pilot study with eight autistic adults indicates that ACT-i is both an efficacious and acceptable intervention for reducing self-reported insomnia and anxiety symptoms in autistic adults.
Spray water quality and herbicide performance: a review
Authors: Daramola Olumide S. , Johnson William G. , Jordan David L. , Chahal Gurinderbir S. , Devkota Pratap 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWater is the primary carrier for herbicide applications. Spray water qualities such as pH, hardness, temperature, or turbidity can influence herbicide performance and may need to be amended for optimum weed control. Water quality factors can affect herbicide activity by reducing solubility, enhancing degradation in the spray tank, or forming herbicide-salt complexes with mineral cations, thereby reducing the absorption, translocation, and subsequent weed control. The available literature suggests that the effect of water quality varies with herbicide chemistry and weed species. The efficacy of weak-acid herbicides such as glyphosate, glufosinate, clethodim, sethoxydim, bentazon, and 2,4-D is improved with acidic water pH; however, the efficacy of sulfonylurea herbicides is negatively impacted. Hard-water antagonism is more prevalent with weak-acid herbicides, and trivalent cations are the most problematic. Spray solution temperature between 18 C and 44 C is optimum for some weak-acid herbicides; however, their efficacy can be reduced at relatively low (5 C) or high (56 C) water temperature. The effect of water turbidity is severe on cationic herbicides such as paraquat and diquat, and herbicides with low soil mobility such as glyphosate. Although adjuvants are recommended to overcome the negative effect of spray water hardness or pH, the response has been inconsistent with the herbicide chemistry and weed species. Moreover, information on the effect of spray water quality on various herbicide chemistries, weed species, and adjuvants is limited; therefore, it is difficult to develop guidelines for improving weed control efficacy. Further research is needed to determine the effect of spray water factors and develop specific recommendations for improving herbicide efficacy on problematic weed species.
What Does Global Land Climate Look Like at 2°C Warming?
Authors: Park Taejin , Hashimoto Hirofumi , Wang Weile , Thrasher Bridget , Michaelis Andrew R. , Lee Tsengdar , Brosnan Ian G. , Nemani Ramakrishna R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConstraining an increase in global mean temperature below 2°C compared to pre‐industrial levels is critical to limiting dangerous and cascading impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Understanding future climatic changes and their spatial heterogeneity at 2°C warming is thus important for policy makers to prepare actionable adaptation and mitigation plans by identifying where and to what extent lives and livelihoods will be impacted. This study uses the recently released NASA Earth eXchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX‐GDDP) CMIP6 data to provide a broad overview of projected changes in six key climate variables and two climate impact indicators at a time when warming exceeds 2°C. Analysis of global mean temperature changes indicates the 2040s as the decade when most CMIP6 models reach 2°C warming with respect to a pre‐industrial period (1850–1900). During the 2040s, we find that global mean temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, downwelling shortwave and longwave radiation, and wind speed over land under the high emission scenario are projected to change by +2.8°C, +22.4 mm/year, −0.73%, −2.23 , +15.9 W/m2, and −0.04 m/s, respectively. Many of the future changes are expected to exacerbate climate impacts including heat stress and fire danger. Our analysis shows geographic patterns of policy‐relevant climatic changes, as parts of the globe will experience significant climate impacts even if the goal to keep warming below 2°C goal is achieved. Our results highlight the urgent need for further studies focused on identifying key hotspots and advancing region‐specific actionable adaptation and mitigation plans.
Reflectance of Jezero Crater Floor: 1. Data Processing and Calibration of the Infrared Spectrometer (IRS) on SuperCam
Authors: Royer C. , Fouchet T. , Mandon L. , Montmessin F. , Poulet F. , Forni O. , Johnson J. R. , Legett C. , Le Mouélic S. , Gasnault O. , Quantin‐Nataf C. , Beck P. , Dehouck E. , Clavé E. , Ollila A. M. , Pilorget C. , Bernardi P. , Reess J.‐M. , Pilleri P. , Brown A. , Newell R. T. , Cloutis E. , Maurice S. , Wiens R. C. ,   The SuperCam Team
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Perseverance rover, Mars 2020 mission, landed on the surface of the Jezero crater, on 18 February 2021. This Martian crater is suspected to have hosted a paleolake as evidenced by the numerous detections of aqueously altered phases and thus is a promising candidate for the search for past Martian life. The SuperCam instrument, a collaboration by a consortium of American and European laboratories, plays a leading role in this investigation, thanks to its highly versatile payload providing rapid, synergistic, fine‐scale mineralogy, chemistry, and color imaging. After its landing, the first measurements of Martian targets with the infrared spectrometer of SuperCam (IRS) showed new instrumental behaviors that had to be characterized and calibrated to derive unbiased science data. The IRS radiometric response has thus been calibrated using periodic observations of the Aluwhite SuperCam Calibration Target (SCCT). Parasitic effects were understood and mitigated, and the instrumental dark and noise are characterized and modeled. The reflectance calibrated data products, provided periodically on the NASA Planetary Data System, are corrected for the main instrumental features. This radiometric calibration allowed us to study the 2.5 μm absorption band, which has been discovered in the Séítah unit and is associated with phyllosilicates‐carbonates mixtures.
Addressing sex and gender to improve asthma management
Authors: Boulet Louis-Philippe , Lavoie Kim L. , Raherison-Semjen Chantal , Kaplan Alan , Singh Dave , Jenkins Christine R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSex (whether one is ‘male’ or ‘female’, based on biological characteristics) and gender (defined by socially constructed roles and behaviors) influence asthma diagnosis and management. For example, women generally report more severe asthma symptoms than men; men and women are exposed to different asthma-causing triggers; men tend to be more physically active than women. Furthermore, implicit, often unintended gender bias by healthcare professionals (HCPs) is widespread, and may result in delayed asthma diagnosis, which can be greater in women than men. The sex and gender of the HCP can also impact asthma management. Pregnancy, menstruation, and menopause can all affect asthma in several ways and may be associated with poor asthma control. This review provides guidance for considering sex- and gender-associated impacts on asthma diagnosis and management and offers possible approaches to support HCPs in providing personalized asthma care for all patients, regardless of their sex or gender.
Fast-growing Arctic Fe–Mn deposits from the Kara Sea as the refuges for cosmopolitan marine microorganisms
Authors: Shulga Natalia , Abramov Sergey , Klyukina Alexandra , Ryazantsev Konstantin , Gavrilov Sergey 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe impact of biomineralization and redox processes on the formation and growth of ferromanganese deposits in the World Ocean remains understudied. This problem is particularly relevant for the Arctic marine environment where sharp seasonal variations of temperature, redox conditions, and organic matter inflow significantly impact the biogenic and abiotic pathways of ferromanganese deposits formation. The microbial communities of the fast-growing Arctic Fe–Mn deposits have not been reported so far. Here, we describe the microbial diversity, structure and chemical composition of nodules, crust and their underlying sediments collected from three different sites of the Kara Sea. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a high abundance of microfossils and biofilm-like structures within the nodules. Phylogenetic profiling together with redundancy and correlation analyses revealed a positive selection for putative metal-reducers (Thermodesulfobacteriota), iron oxidizers (HyphomicrobiaceaeandScalinduaceae), and Fe-scavengingNitrosopumilaceaeorMagnetospiraceaein the microenvironments of the Fe–Mn deposits from their surrounding benthic microbial populations. We hypothesize that in the Kara Sea, the nodules provide unique redox-stable microniches for cosmopolitan benthic marine metal-cycling microorganisms in an unsteady environment, thus focusing the overall geochemical activity of nodule-associated microbial communities and accelerating processes of ferromanganese deposits formation to uniquely high rates.