bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Genetic Biomarkers in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Prognostic Implications and Predictive Utility for Response to Anti‐PD‐(L)1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Drum David L. , Jallorina Anika G. , Wan Leo S. , Chang Victor T. , Lee‐Wong Mary F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a skin cancer that arises due to either Merkel cell polyomavirus infection (MCPyV) or ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, presenting primarily in the head and neck region of fair‐skinned males. The recent success of PD‐(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in locally advanced/metastatic MCC, with an objective response rate (ORR) around 50% and improved survival, as a first‐line treatment has moved ICIs to the forefront of therapy for MCC and generated interest in identifying biomarkers to predict clinical response. The MCC tumour microenvironment (TME) contains various components of the adaptive and innate immune system. These components can contribute to tumour immune escape through immunosuppression by preventing entrance of other immune cells or by aiding in the cytotoxic clearance of tumour cells. We aim to combine information from studies of baseline and on‐treatment monitoring of the TME to help predict the success of ICIs in MCC. This review enhances the understanding of how CD8 T cells, γδ T cells and macrophages may impact predictions of response rates to ICIs in MCC patients. These immune cells are non‐genetic biomarkers that can also be used to determine prognosis in MCC treatment.
Costs of Influenza Illness and Acute Respiratory Infections by Household Income Level: Catastrophic Health Expenditures and Implications for Health Equity
Authors: Wodniak Natalie , Gharpure Radhika , Feng Luzhao , Lai Xiaozhan , Fang Hai , Tian Jianmei , Zhang Tao , Zhao Genming , Salcedo‐Mejía Fernando , Alvis‐Zakzuk Nelson J. , Jara Jorge , Dawood Fatimah , Emukule Gideon O. , Ndegwa Linus K. , Sam I‐Ching , Mend Tsogt , Jantsansengee Baigalmaa , Tempia Stefano , Cohen Cheryl , Walaza Sibongile , Kittikraisak Wanitchaya , Riewpaiboon Arthorn , Lafond Kathryn E. , Mejia Nelly , Davis William W. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeasonal influenza illness and acute respiratory infections can impose a substantial economic burden in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). We assessed the cost of influenza illness and acute respiratory infections across household income strata.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from a prior systematic review of costs of influenza and other respiratory illnesses in LMICs and contacted authors to obtain data on cost of illness (COI) for laboratory‐confirmed influenza‐like illness and acute respiratory infection. We calculated the COI by household income strata and calculated the out‐of‐pocket (OOP) cost as a proportion of household income.ResultsWe included 11 studies representing 11 LMICs. OOP expenses, as a proportion of annual household income, were highest among the lowest income quintile in 10 of 11 studies: in 4/4 studies among the general population, in 6/7 studies among children, 2/2 studies among older adults, and in the sole study for adults with chronic medical conditions. COI was generally higher for hospitalizations compared with outpatient illnesses; median OOP costs for hospitalizations exceeded 10% of annual household income among the general population and children in Kenya, as well as for older adults and adults with chronic medical conditions in China.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that influenza and acute respiratory infections pose a considerable economic burden, particularly from hospitalizations, on the lowest income households in LMICs. Future evaluations could investigate specific drivers of COI in low‐income household and identify interventions that may address these, including exploring household coping mechanisms. Cost‐effectiveness analyses could incorporate health inequity analyses, in pursuit of health equity.
Liquid Mulch Can Improve the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Summer Maize (Zea mays L.) Planted in Furrow‐Ridge Rainwater Harvesting Systems
Authors: Guo Guangxu , Tang Yuren , Yan Zinan , Zhang Juanjuan , Zhang Yuehe , Zhang Yuqing , Cao Junbo , Sun Xu , Song Wei , Asad Muhammad Shoaib , Sun Weili , Cai Tie , Zhao Xining , Liu Enke , Ren Xiaolong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe frequent occurrence of drought is an important factor restricting economic as well as sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, to address the issue of seasonal drought during summer in dry semi‐humid areas of Guanzhong Plain, a biodegradable liquid film is used to replace the plastic film for ridge–furrow rainwater harvesting in summer maize cultivation. The experiment was conducted for 2 years (2022–2023), including seven treatments, such as three ridge–furrow ratios with two different mulching materials, while flat planting is a control treatment. The results showed that ridge covering with liquid film (RFL) enhances leaf area and dry matter accumulation as well as improves soil moisture and temperature during the early growth stages of maize. However, the average dry matter accumulation of RFL at maturity stage increased by 6.92% as compared to control (CK). Additionally, the average leaf area of RFL enhanced by 4.52% and 9.06% in contrast to no mulching of soil ridges (RFS) and CK treatments, whereas RFL delayed leaf senescence at the filling stage, providing favourable conditions for high yield. Although, in 2022, the yield as well as water use efficiency (WUE) under RFL increased by 3.3% and 16.13%, than CK treatments, in 2023, they boosted by 13.92% and 20.79%, respectively. In both years, instead of drought during the early growth stages of growth, RFL enhanced both the yield and WUE of summer maize. Therefore, liquid film can be preferred rather than plastic film in dry semi‐humid areas. However, the results also indicated that the optimal ridge–furrow ratio for both yield and WUE is significantly affected by different years and climate conditions. So, further research is needed to study the yield and WUE under various rainfall patterns.
Graphic Design Education in the Era of Text‐to‐Image Generation: Transitioning to Contents Creator
Authors: Hwang Younjung , Wu Yi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) presents innovative opportunities and new challenges across various industries and academic fields. Particularly, recent advancements in generative AI, which can create images from text, are introducing new challenges in the field of graphic design education. This study discusses methods of graphic design education utilising generative AI, based on workshops conducted in the "Visual Culture and Contemporary Art" course in the first semester of 2023. Students utilised generative AI, such as Midjourney and DALL‐E, based on the "Technology Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCACK)" model, to create posters depicting European design history. Through the analysis of case studies and survey results, researchers confirmed that graphic design education in the era of generative AI requires different educational goals and methods from those of traditional education. Students require AI visual literacy skills to accurately convey images using suitable keywords. Additionally, it was discovered that preliminary design processes such as trend analysis and research have become more crucial. Additionally, educators should provide students with opportunities to derive creative keywords through graphic storytelling and present a vision as content creators who combine science, art, and technology. This research provides guidelines for the roles of graphic designers and the direction of visual design education in the era of generative AI.
Heritage Appreciation and Awareness: A Child Educational Approach Exploiting Animated Video
Authors: Bian Xin , Brown André , Marques Bruno 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article describes the motivation, aims, and consequent processes involved in designing an engaging and informative animated educational video that explains the historical exploitation of the Mount Dagushan iron ore mine in China. The mine is recognised as the deepest in China. It has been the source of raw material for the Anshan Steel Factory, which is now formally acknowledged as a significant example of heritage architecture. The effectiveness of an animated video created by the authors, regarding knowledge and appreciation of industrial heritage, has been investigated through user testing of early primary school students (grades one to six). The research presented here reports on the success of instructional design using digital storytelling as an animated video in conveying knowledge of industrial heritage, and its associated cultural and societal influences. This has included gathering primary education students' feedback and opinions in China through a survey. The research aims to illustrate how Industrial Heritage education can foster engagement in, and awareness of, important connected histories.
Artificial Intelligence‐Guided Identification of IGFBP7 as a Critical Indicator in Lactic Metabolism Determines Immunotherapy Response in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Minghua , Guo Xiaofei , Liu Xuyun , Huang Lei , Yang Chuang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDue to considerable tumour heterogeneity, stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) has a poor prognosis and varies in response to treatment, making it one of the main causes of cancer‐related mortality globally. Recent data point to a significant role for metabolic reprogramming, namely dysregulated lactic acid metabolism, in the evolution of STAD and treatment resistance. This study used a series of artificial intelligence‐related approaches to identify IGFBP7, a Schlafen family member, as a critical factor in determining the response to immunotherapy and lactic acid metabolism in STAD patients. Computational analyses revealed that a high lactic metabolism (LM) state was associated with poor survival in STAD patients. Further biological network‐based investigations identified a key subnetwork closely linked to LM. Machine learning techniques, such as random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, highlighted IGFBP7 as a crucial indicator in STAD. Functional annotations showed that IGFBP7 expression was linked to important immune and inflammatory pathways. In vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing IGFBP7 suppressed cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, heightened susceptibility to several chemotherapeutic drugs was linked to elevated IGFBP7 levels. In conclusion, this work sheds light on the mechanisms by which the lactate metabolism‐related indicator IGFBP7 affects the tumour immune milieu and the response to immunotherapy in STAD. The results point to IGFBP7 as a possible therapeutic target and predictive biomarker for the treatment of STAD.
Foxk2 Enhances Adipogenic Differentiation by Relying on the Transcriptional Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma
Authors: Zhang Shan , You Yanru , Li Ran , Li Mingcong , Li Yachong , Yuan Hairui , Zhou Jie , Zhen Ruonan , Liu Ying , Wang Baoli , Zhu Endong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTProper differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into adipocytes is crucial for maintaining skeletal homeostasis. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood, posing a challenge for the treatment of age‐related osteopenia and osteoporosis. Here, through comprehensive gene expression analysis during BMSC differentiation into adipocytes, we identified the forkhead transcription factor Foxk2 as a key regulator of this process. Foxk2 expression was significantly higher in the inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissues of db/db mice compared to non‐obese db/m controls and was induced in BMSCs, C3H/10 T1/2, and ST2 cells following adipogenic stimulation. Overexpression of Foxk2 promoted adipogenic differentiation of C3H/10 T1/2, ST2, and BMSCs, accompanied by increased expression of lipogenic factors. Conversely, Foxk2 silencing inhibited adipogenic differentiation. Moreover, Foxk2 also facilitated lipogenesis of C3H/10 T1/2 and ST2 cells. Adipogenic stimuli triggered the nuclear translocation of Foxk2 through PI3‐kinase and mTOR signalling pathways. Once in the nucleus, Foxk2 is directly bound to the promoters of Pparγ1 and Pparγ2, thereby enhancing their transcriptional activity. Notably, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 reciprocally augmented the transcriptional activity of the Foxk2 promoter, indicating the presence of a Foxk2‐PPARγ positive feedback loop that drives adipogenesis.
METTL3‐Mediated m6A Modification of ISG15 mRNA Regulates Doxorubicin‐Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Jian Dongdong , Li Han , Wang Chenqiu , Li Fang , Li Runhua , Jin Shouyi , Shen Jia , Chen Jiamian , Zhang Wanjun , Pan Ling , Wang Wengong , Tang Hao , Jian Liguo , Qi Datun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTN6‐adenosine methylation (m6A) of RNA is involved in the regulation of various diseases. However, its role in chemotherapy‐related vascular endothelial injury has not yet been elucidated. We found that methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) expression was significantly reduced during doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro, and that silencing of METTL3 further intensified this process. Combined transcriptome and proteome sequencing analyses revealed that the expression levels of interferon‐stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) mRNA and protein significantly increased after METTL3 silencing. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (meRIP)‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and mRNA stability assays confirmed that METTL3 regulates the expression of ISG15 by methylating the 1,014,147 site on ISG15 RNA, thereby decreasing ISG15 mRNA levels. Silencing ISG15 significantly suppressed DOX‐induced endothelial cell apoptosis and dysfunction caused by METTL3 silencing. In summary, our study revealed that METTL3‐mediated methylation of ISG15 mRNA is involved in DOX‐induced endothelial cell apoptosis and explored potential therapeutic targets for alleviating chemotherapy‐associated vascular injury.
CFD‐DEM Simulation Study on Heat and Mass Transfer of Wheat Particles in Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed
Authors: Yang Kaimin , Li Xin , Wang Yuancheng , Du Xinming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the physical phenomena during fluidized bed drying is crucial. In this study, the dispersion and drying behavior of wheat particles under different fitting models were studied based on Computational Fluid Dynamics–Discrete Element Method. The impact of air parameters on heat and moisture transfer was revealed. The results indicate that the particle dispersion coefficient ranges from 10−3 to 10−1 m2 s−1. The drying non‐uniformity in the fluidized bed increases with time, while the heating rate gradually decreases. The accumulation of particles in the bottom region is identified as the primary cause of drying non‐uniformity. For the 5S and 7S models, the standard deviation of particle moisture distribution and bed heating rate during drying differs by ~1%. Air temperature emerges as the key factor affecting drying rate, and variations in air velocity can mitigate the non‐uniformity of drying in the fluidized bed. These findings contribute to optimizing fluidized bed drying systems.
Effectiveness of breast pumps in early postpartum breastfeeding for women after cesarean section: A systematic review
Authors: Miyauchi Ai , Uchimura Mayumi , Takahashi Myori , Horiuchi Shigeko , Ota Erika 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimWe sought to assess the effectiveness of using a breast pump for nipple stimulation to promote breastfeeding in the early postpartum period after c‐section in women with full‐term infants.MethodsSelection criteria were individual and cluster randomized control trials and quasi‐randomized control trials that compared using a breast pump combined with standard care to promote breastfeeding in the early postpartum period after c‐section with standard care. In this systematic review, guided by the Cochrane Handbook, we conducted comprehensive searches across databases such as Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO (Search: April 22, 2024). We used the PRISMA flowchart for data extraction. Three review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, outcome synthesis for Review Manager, and evidence quality evaluation for GRADE.ResultsWe included four trials with 318 women and their infants. The trials took place in four countries. Women using a breast pump for nipple stimulation from the early postpartum period had an earlier onset of lactation of 19.57 h than women in standard care (mean difference [MD] −19.57 h, 95% confidential interval [CI] −26.18 to −12.96; participants = 143; studies = two; I2 = 20%; GRADE: moderate certainty of evidence).ConclusionEvidence supports the use of a breast pump to promote breastfeeding in the early postpartum period after c‐section because it is effective in accelerating the timing of onset of lactation. Studies with large sample sizes focusing on feasibility and implementation in clinical practice are necessary to determine the ways of promoting breastfeeding after c‐section.
Patient Experiences of Receiving Stroke Discharge Information in Accordance With Preferences
Authors: Fakes Kristy , Waller Amy , Carey Mariko , Forbes Erin , Pollack Michael , Clapham Matthew , Sanson‐Fisher Robert 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsTo examine survivors' experiences of discharge information including risk communication after hospitalisation for a stroke and the characteristics associated with receiving information in accordance with their preferences.BackgroundWith advances in acute stroke care and an ageing population, the number of survivors of stroke is increasing. It is important that healthcare providers ensure patients have adequate information after a stroke‐related hospitalisation.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsAdults recently discharged after a stroke from eight Australian hospitals were mailed a survey. Items examined risk and discharge care information, with participants asked to indicate both their preferences for and receipt of the information. Concordance with preferences was calculated, and characteristics associated with information preference concordance were assessed with binomial logistic regression. Study reported in accordance with STROBE Checklist.ResultsOf 1161 eligible patients invited, 403 (35%) completed the survey. All items were endorsed by 80% or more of respondents as being wanted. However, for all items, fewer respondents reported the care as received. Only 28% of participants received information on all five items according to their preferences. Hospital site, Body Mass Index and age were statistically significantly associated with participants receiving information in accordance with their preferences.ConclusionMost participants indicated a preference to receive recommended discharge information. Findings suggest that patients may benefit from increased information provision prior to hospital discharge after stroke.Relevance to Clinical Practice and Patient CareNurses have an important role in the provision of stroke care and information. The findings of this study may be used to improve the provision of post‐hospital discharge care and support for survivors of stroke, and assist in identifying patients at lower odds of experiencing information aligned with their preferences and who may benefit from support.Reporting MethodStrengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for cross‐sectional studies.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Measuring family boundary ambiguity in cohabiting stepfamilies
Authors: Juteau Gabrielle , Brown Susan L. , Manning Wendy D. , Westrick‐Payne Krista K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveOur study introduces a novel approach to gauging family boundary ambiguity using information obtained from just one household reporter. It also illuminates the strengths and challenges presented by parent pointers in federal surveys.BackgroundThe prominence of boundary ambiguity in cohabiting stepfamilies leads to significant measurement challenges, which take on greater salience as more children experience this family type.MethodDrawing on the 2019–2022 Current Population Survey (CPS), we assessed boundary ambiguity within cohabiting stepfamilies (N = 4133) by examining whether reporting the stepparent as the child's second parent differed by household reporter type: biological parent versus cohabiting partner. Logistic regressions showed the roles of sociodemographic, family, and child correlates of family boundary ambiguity by household reporter type.ResultsBoundary ambiguity in cohabiting stepfamilies was high, with over 80% of reporters not identifying the cohabiting partner as the child's second parent. Parents more often experienced boundary ambiguity (91%) than did partners (68%). Parents with more economic resources than their partners were more likely to experience boundary ambiguity. Joint children were negatively related to boundary ambiguity.ConclusionThis study shows most parents and partners in cohabiting stepfamilies do not view the partner as a second parent. It also reveals the ramifications of the CPS parent pointers that restrict respondents to reporting only two “parents,” tacitly reinforcing the two‐biological parent norm.
Association of Anatomical Features of the Petrotympanic Fissure and Presence of Foramen of Huschke With Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Eberliköse Hacer , Tuğtağ Demir Berrin , Akbarihamed Raha , Karasu Hakan Alpay 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe foramen of Huschke (FH) and the petrotympanic fissure (PTF) are anatomical structures that can influence temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) by potentially affecting the movement and function of the mandibular condyle.ObjectiveThis study investigates the relationship between patients with TMD and the presence of FH and PTF to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from 212 patients. Patients were categorised into TMD and control groups based on standardized DC/TMD protocols. An observer, blinded to the patient's clinical status, then analyzed the CBCT images. The CBCT images were evaluated for the presence and characteristics of FH, PTF, and condyle shape and position.ResultsA higher incidence of FH and PTF was observed in patients with TMD than in the control group. FH was present on the right side in 33.3% of patients with TMD and 18% of controls and on the left side in 23.8% of patients with TMD and 10.9% of controls. Open and semi‐open FPT statistically differed between the TMD and control groups (p < 0.05). The length of FH in patients with TMD was significantly larger (2.11 ± 0.44 mm) than in the controls (1.67 ± 0.56 mm). The position of the condyle showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionFH and PTF subtypes are significantly associated with TMD, underscoring their importance in clinical practice.