bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basil functional and growth responses when cultivated via different aquaponic and hydroponics systems
Authors: Mourantian Anastasia , Aslanidou Maria , Mente Eleni , Katsoulas Nikolaos , Levizou Efi 
Published: July 2023

Background
Aquaponics is an innovative farming system that combines hydroponics and aquaculture, resulting in the production of both crops and fish. Decoupled aquaponics is a new approach introduced in aquaponics research for the elimination of certain system bottlenecks, specifically targeting the optimization of crops and fish production conditions. The aquaponics-related literature predominantly examines the system’s effects on crop productivity, largely overlooking the plant functional responses which underlie growth and yield performance. The aim of the study was the integrated evaluation of basil performance cultivated under coupled and decoupled aquaponic systems compared with a hydroponic one, in terms of growth and functional parameters in a pilot-scale aquaponics greenhouse.

Methods
We focused on the efficiency of the photosynthetic process and the state of the photosynthetic machinery, assessed by instantaneous gas exchange measurements as well as photosynthetic light response curves, and in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence. Light use efficiency was estimated through leaf reflectance determination. Photosynthetic pigments content and leaf nutritional state assessments completed the picture of basil functional responses to the three different treatments/systems. The plant’s functional parameters were assessed at 15-day intervals. The experiment lasted for two months and included an intermediate and a final harvest during which several basil growth parameters were determined.

Results
Coupled aquaponics resulted in reduced growth, which was mainly ascribed to sub-sufficient leaf nutrient levels, a fact that triggered a series of negative feedbacks on all aspects of their photosynthetic performance. These plants experienced a down-regulation of PSII activity as reflected in the significant decreases of quantum yield and efficiency of electron transport, along with decreased photosynthetic pigments content. On the contrary, decoupled aquaponics favored both growth and photochemistry leading to higher light use efficiency compared with coupled system and hydroponics, yet without significant differences from the latter. Photosynthetic light curves indicated constantly higher photosynthetic capacity of the decoupled aquaponics-treated basil, while also enhanced pigment concentrations were evident. Basil functional responses to the three tested production systems provided insights on the underlying mechanisms of plant performance highlighting key-points for systems optimization. We propose decoupled aquaponics as an effective system that may replace hydroponics supporting high crops productivity. We suggest that future works should focus on the mechanisms involved in crop and fish species function, the elucidation of which would greatly contribute to the optimization of the aquaponics productivity.
A Finite-Element Method for Enhancement Issues of Frame of Battery Operated Ridge Planter with Drip Line Installer
Authors: Bhelave Kunal , Shrivastava Atul Kumar , Meena Balveer Singh 
Published: July 2023

Using distinct partial differential equations, complicated structures breaks down into small elements using the computational approach known as finite element analysis (FEA). Engineers in agriculture can investigate the behavior of numerous input products using numerical simulation based on the FEA technique in order to enhance the design of any machine without constructing a prototype. The current study employed the FEA technique to develop and simulate the frame of a battery-operated ridge planter with a drip line installer. A static structural test was performed through using the FEA technique in the ANSYS version 15.0 workbench software, and a 3D-CAD model of the frame of a battery-operated ridge planter with drip line installer was made using the Solid Works software. To determine the force necessary in the universal testing machine and the applied forces, respectively, on the frame, a specific fixture has been generated.
Total deformation was measured at 23313 mm, and the simulation revealed that the maximum shear stress, equivalent stress, normal stress, stress intensity, and strain energy were, respectively, 8.40 MPa, 16.68 MPa, 16.4 MPa, 16.8 MPa, and 3.55 MPa at 1817.5 N of total load acting on the frame.
The stress values are within the material's yield strength, it was also observed. The FEA methodology was discovered to be a way for creating and simulating the frame of a battery-operated ridge planter with drip line installer that is very effective and scientific.
Reconstruction of the labia majora using a neurovascular pedicled pudendal thigh flap after extensive vulvectomy for primary extramammary Paget's disease: A case report
Authors: Cui Jiangbo , Zhang Yu , Yu Zhou , Fan Xing , Zhang Xi , Yang Li , Song Baoqiang , Li Yang 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageA neurovascular pedicled pudendal thigh flap was used to reconstruct labial defect after extensive vulvectomy for primary extramammary Paget's disease. The flap was reliable for the superior skin and ideal for large labial defect reconstruction.AbstractExtramammary Paget's disease (EMPD), a rare type of intraepidermal carcinoma, predominantly affects the genitalia. Generally, the treatment for primary EMPD is wide surgical excision; however, large tissue defects after resection necessitate customized reconstruction. Previously, several reconstruction techniques have been outlined, such as local skin flaps (V‐Y flaps), skin grafts, pedicled flaps, and free flaps. However, the complexity of EMPD management is due to the multiple flaps and techniques. In this case report, we applied a neurovascular pedicled pudendal thigh flap to reconstruct a labial defect in a 68‐year‐old woman using the technique of elevation and particularly the insetting of the flap. This pedicled flap was robust and reliable, producing a labium that was natural in appearance with good‐quality skin cover and a protective sensation. The patient was satisfied with both the cosmetic appearance and normal sensation of the reconstructed labia. Additionally, the linear scar at the donor site was located along the inguinal fold, and the flap was accepted by the patient as an ideal tissue for reconstruction of the large labial defect.
Academic application of trade‐off studies to support a CubeSat project
Authors: Honoré‐Livermore Evelyn , Rovik Runar G. , Haskins Cecilia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcademic CubeSat projects offer students and researchers hands‐on engineering experience and can deliver cutting‐edge research data. The CubeSat projects are highly multidisciplinary and require teamwork skills as well as engineering expertise. A challenge for academic CubeSat projects is the high turnover of graduating students, which makes knowledge management complicated. Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) offers functionality that can address many of the challenges academic CubeSat teams experience. This paper presents a trade‐off study using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select an MBSE software for use by students. Literature on academic application of formal trade‐off studies in student teams is limited. The case study described here shows how tangible and intangible factors are addressed using the AHP method, and a discussion of the process and results is provided.
Space Habitats Should Be 1 g Shielded Space Platforms, Not on Low Gravity, Radiation Exposed Moon or Mars
Authors: Jones Harry W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrevious missions have subjected astronauts to confined space, weightlessness, and increased radiation. These impair astronaut comfort, performance, and future health. The exploration and future settlement of space will depend on the long‐term presence of individual humans. This requires the development of space platforms where humans can work and live in health for many years, perhaps generations. A livable space platform must provide adequate volume, gravity, and radiation shielding. This seems easier to do in deep space or Low Earth Orbit (LEO) than on the surface of the moon or Mars. Permanently habitable deep space platforms will enable scientific and technical research, space tourism, space mission preparation, space industry development, and military surveillance and operations. The first fully habitable space station would probably be in LEO for convenience and lower cost.
Oversimplification of Systems Engineering Goals, Processes, and Criteria in NASA Space Life Support
Authors: Jones Harry W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the oversimplification of the inherently complex systems engineering process in space life support. The standard systems engineering process steps are described. The International Space Station (ISS) life support system is explained with its goals and performance criteria. Although it is not usually emphasized, the essential function of developing a hierarchy of systems and subsystems is to simplify the design process. The System Complexity Metric (SCM) shows how this divide‐and‐conquer approach also reduces the system complexity. The complete systems engineering process has many detailed steps. It is often simplified because of the effort required and the human limitations on working memory and decision span. Systems analysis demands slow, logical, and focused thinking but is often bypassed in favor of quick, intuitive, subconscious “gut feel.” A study of 100 system designs found examples of 12 specific mental mistakes, such as ignoring stakeholder needs, and these mistakes are essentially oversimplifications of the systems engineering process. An analysis of space life support goals, options, criteria, and processes found 11 examples of oversimplifications in systems engineering, such as neglecting safety and cost. All these 11 oversimplifications could be traced to one or more of the 12 previously identified mental mistakes or other well‐known ones, such as ignoring sunk costs. Oversimplification of the systems engineering process is rarely noticed but is a common and harmful problem. A study of failures in 50 different space systems found that problems in systems engineering caused failures and often led to errors in design, development, and test that further contributed to failure. It seems that more diligent systems engineering could prevent many project problems and failures, but projects seem to be more guided by “gut feel” based on tradition, authority, and consensus than on the logical, rational systems engineering approach.
Red‐Teaming as a Research Validation Method for Systems Engineering Thesis Students
Authors: Ferris Timothy L.J. , Camelia Fanny , Mattsson Tuomas , Machado Rogério C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAll research projects need a forward path method for performing the investigation, making findings and reaching conclusions. In addition, project methodology must include methods that test the truth of the knowledge claimed to have been developed through the project. We address the specific issue of validation in thesis projects in systems engineering (SE) programs where the intended outcome is either an application of SE method or an investigation of a topic in SE. We present red‐teaming (RTing) as a validation method for results of SE research. We discuss two case studies of thesis projects which used a RTing method to evaluate a proposed method for doing something. From this we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the RTing method in thesis projects and provide guidelines for use of RTing as a project outcomes evaluation method. We conclude RTing is a useful method to evaluate a thesis project which generates a design or a method because it uses a method not directly influenced by the student's assumptions in the design of the project. The RTing method is constrained by the challenges of finding willing red‐team (RT) members, project schedule, and the RT member's knowledge of the subject.
Managing Complexity through Collaborative Intelligence
Authors: Maa Mary EI , Derkatsch Alexander IN , DeTurris Dianne J 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSystems engineering needs new ways to visualize where and how the increasing complexity found in large‐scale aerospace programs affects development processes. Following sensemaking principles provides a vector for comprehending confusing or roadblock events by enhancing communication and decision making to improve the organizational management of complexity. The sensemaking process can be applied through collaborative intelligence, an example being collaborative engineering principles that can guide team dynamics as a method of visualizing complexity. The use of applied sensemaking can document personal interaction in beneficial ways. Communication styles are largely captured in a collaborative intelligence technique called thinking talents. Utilizing the collective thinking talents of the people who work within a team enables communication to be more effective for both the individual and the organization. Thinking talents are a simple organizational development tool that has been incorporated in a suggested implementation strategy with sensemaking. Using thinking talent data enables a collaborative engineering environment that is proactive in focusing collective attention on uncovering potential failure earlier in the development process as a way to manage complexity.
Enabling the Systems Engineering Education Ecosystem (SEEE)
Authors: Wade Jon , Collopy Arianne , Dagli Cihan , Gerardo Hortense , Wood Kristin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSystem engineering education is challenged to address the need posed by rapidly changing technology epitomized by Industry 4.0 and the digital transformation. In particular, there are relatively slow and inaccurate feedback mechanisms between the needs of employers, students and universities at the level of educational program content development. To address this issue, the Systems Engineering Education Ecosystem (SEEE) was established to create and assess the feedback mechanisms by which educators, students and employers can communicate their specific educational capabilities, desires and needs, in order to provide the dynamic feedback necessary to accelerate the evolution of graduate Systems Engineering (SE) educational programs, clearly communicate the characteristics of existing programs, provide access to relevant educational materials, and create a dynamic self‐evolving educational system. This paper describes the vision, objectives, design and development process, current status and future developments, with the intention to support a global systems engineering education ecosystem.
Natural Language Understanding of Systems Engineering Artifacts
Authors: Kulcsár Géza , Constant Olivier , Pruvost Gaëtan , Ráth István , Füzesi Máté , Harmath Dénes 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper examines in close relation two fields of growing importance: model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) and natural language processing (NLP). System models provide a structured description of engineering data, whose inherent semantics often remains hard to explore. Natural language understanding, (i.e., the machine analysis of texts produced by humans) an important field of NLP, focuses on semantic text comprehension but cannot directly account for structured information sources.In this paper, we investigate natural language understanding of MBSE artifacts as they appear in industrial scenarios. In this context, the wide and heterogeneous knowledge space and user base calls for novel techniques to facilitate information retrieval from complex system models.We thus propose to leverage domain‐specific text generators to transform models into a descriptive text corpus on which we apply state‐of‐the‐art semantic search and analysis techniques.We illustrate the approach on relevant MBSE examples by performing a qualitative evaluation of intuitive text search and comprehension in textual descriptions obtained from system models.
Hemochromatosis Genetic Variants and Musculoskeletal Outcomes: 11.5‐Year Follow‐Up in the UK Biobank Cohort Study
Authors: Banfield Lucy R. , Knapp Karen M. , Pilling Luke C. , Melzer David , Atkins Janice L. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTThe iron overload disorder hemochromatosis is primarily caused by the homozygous HFE p.C282Y variant, but the scale of excess related musculoskeletal morbidity is uncertain. We estimated hemochromatosis‐genotype associations with clinically diagnosed musculoskeletal outcomes and joint replacement surgeries in the UK Biobank community cohort. A total of 451,143 European ancestry participants (40 to 70 years at baseline) were followed in hospital records (mean 11.5‐years). Cox proportional hazards models estimated HFE p.C282Y and p.H63D associations with incident outcomes. Male p.C282Y homozygotes (n = 1294) had increased incidence of osteoarthritis (n = 52, hazard ratio [HR]: 2.12 [95% confidence interval, CI: 1.61 to 2.80]; p = 8.8 × 10−8), hip replacement (n = 88, HR: 1.84 [95% CI: 1.49 to 2.27]; p = 1.6 × 10−8), knee replacement (n = 61, HR: 1.54 [95% CI: 1.20 to 1.98]; p = 8.4 × 10−4), and ankle and shoulder replacement, compared to males with no HFE mutations. Cumulative incidence analysis, using Kaplan–Meier lifetable probabilities demonstrated 10.4% of male homozygotes were projected to develop osteoarthritis and 15.5% to have hip replacements by age 75, versus 5.0% and 8.7% respectively without mutations. Male p.C282Y homozygotes also had increased incidence of femoral fractures (n = 15, HR: 1.72 [95% CI: 1.03 to 2.87]; p = 0.04) and osteoporosis (n = 21, HR: 1.71 [95% CI: 1.11 to 2.64]; p = 0.02), although the latter association was limited to those with liver fibrosis/cirrhosis diagnoses. Female p.C282Y homozygotes had increased incidence of osteoarthritis only (n = 57, HR: 1.46, [95% CI: 1.12 to 1.89]; p = 0.01). Male p.C282Y/p.H63D compound heterozygotes experienced a modest increased risk of hip replacements (n = 234, HR: 1.17 [95% CI: 1.02 to 1.33], p = 0.02), but this did not pass multiple testing corrections. In this large community cohort, the p.C282Y homozygote genotype was associated with substantial excess musculoskeletal morbidity in males. Wider HFE genotype testing may be justified, including in orthopedic clinics serving higher HFE variant prevalence populations. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The Addition of an Ultra‐Small Amount of Black Phosphorous Quantum Dots Endow Self‐Healing Polyurethane with a Biomimetic Intelligent Response
Authors: Zhong Jia‐Hui , Zhou Yan , Tian Xin‐Xin , Sun Ying‐Lu , Shi Bi‐Ru , Zhang Zhen‐Yu , Zhang Wen‐Hua , Liu Xiang‐Dong , Yang Yu‐Ming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study explores new applications of black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) by adding them to self‐healing material systems for the first time. Self‐healing polyurethane with an ultra‐small amount of BPQDs has biomimetic intelligent responsiveness and achieves balance between its mechanical and self‐healing properties. By adding 0.0001 wt% BPQDs to self‐healing polyurethane, the fracture strength of the material increases from 3.0 to 12.3 MPa, and the elongation at break also increases from 750% to 860%. Meanwhile, the self‐healing efficiency remains at 98%. The addition of BPQDs significantly improves the deformation recovery ability of the composite materials and transforms the surface of self‐healing polyurethane from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, making it suitable for applications in fields such as electronic skin and flexible wearable devices. This study provides a simple and feasible strategy for endowing self‐healing materials with biomimetic intelligent responsiveness using a small amount of BPQDs.
Characterising individual variability in associations between self‐monitoring and weight change during and after a behavioral weight management program
Authors: Arroyo Kelsey M. , Ross Kathryn M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveGreater self‐monitoring of caloric intake and weight has been associated with success at both initial weight loss and long‐term maintenance. Given the existence of wide variability in weight loss outcomes and the key role of self‐monitoring within behavioral weight management interventions, this study examined individual variability in associations between self‐monitoring and weight change and whether demographic factors could predict who may best benefit from self‐monitoring.MethodsParticipants were 72 adults with overweight or obesity (mean ± SD, age = 50.6 ± 10.3; body mass index = 31.2 ± 4.5 kg/m2; 71%Female; 83%White) enrolled in a 12‐week weight loss program followed by a 40‐week observational maintenance period. Participants were encouraged to self‐monitor caloric intake and weight daily and to report these data via a study website each week. Multilevel mixed models were used to estimate week‐to‐week associations between self‐monitoring and weight change, by individual and linear regressions and ANOVAs were used to explore demographic differences in these associations.ResultsMost participants (68%) demonstrated statistically significant negative associations between self‐monitoring of either caloric intake or weight and weight change. Of these, 76% benefited from self‐monitoring both caloric intake and weight, 18% from self‐monitoring caloric intake only, and 6% from self‐weighing only. The magnitude of associations between self‐monitoring and weight change did not significantly differ by age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, or income, all ps > 0.05.ConclusionsDifferences in the effectiveness of self‐monitoring for weight loss were not observed by demographic characteristics. Future research should examine if other factors may predict the effectiveness of self‐monitoring.
A case of bilateral pneumothorax following computer‐tomography guided transthoracic biopsy in a woman with suspected pulmonary cancer
Authors: Hansen Erik Sören Halvard , Bouazzi Meyya , Larsen Klaus Richter , Abield‐Nielsen Annemette , Dalsgaard Oli Jacob , Eibye Kasper 
Published: July 2023

AbstractComputer‐tomography‐guided needle biopsies are useful for diagnosing, staging, and classification of peripheral pulmonary nodules. However, the procedure carries a risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax. This report describes a patient‐case where a woman had undergone a computer‐tomography guided biopsy. Approximately 4 hours following discharge the patient was admitted to the emergency ward with severe chest pain and dyspnea. Chest x‐ray revealed bilateral pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema at the biopsy site. Pleural drainage was administered on the patient's right side. Another chest x‐ray following drainage showed regression of pneumothorax on both sides thus indicating communicating pleural cavities. Medical history revealed that the patient had been thymectomized 2 years earlier and a computer tomography visualized that the patient lacked mediastinal separation of the two pleural cavities. It is possible that patients with a history of mediastinal or thoracic surgery should be observed longer following procedures carrying risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax.
On Successive Approximations for Compact-Valued Nonexpansive Mappings
Authors: Medjic Emir 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe show that for a given initial point the typical, in the sense of Baire category, nonexpansive compact valued mappingFhas the following properties: there is a unique sequence of successive approximations and this sequence converges to a fixed point ofF. In the case of separable Banach spaces we show that for the typical mapping there is a residual set of initial points that have a unique trajectory.