bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrupted time series analysis using the ARIMA model of the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence rate of notifiable communicable diseases in China
Authors: Zhou Qin , Hu Junxian , Hu Wensui , Li Hailin , Lin Guo-zhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China is ongoing. Some studies have shown that the incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases in 2020 decreased significantly compared with previous years. Interrupted time series (ITS) is a time series analysis method that evaluates the impact of intervention measures on outcomes and can control the original regression trend of outcomes before and after the intervention. This study aimed to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence rate of notifiable communicable diseases using ITS in China.

Methods
National data on the incidence rate of communicable diseases in 2009–2021 were obtained from the National Health Commission website. Interrupted time series analysis using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models was used to analyse the changes in the incidence rate of infectious diseases before and after the COVID-19 epidemic.

Results
There was a significant short-term decline in the incidence rates of respiratory infectious diseases and enteric infectious diseases (step values of -29.828 and − 8.237, respectively), which remained at a low level for a long time after the decline. There was a short-term decline in the incidence rates of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases (step = -3.638), which tended to recover to previous levels in the long term (ramp = 0.172). There was no significant change in the incidence rate of natural focus diseases or arboviral diseases before and after the epidemic.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 epidemic had strong short-term and long-term effects on respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases and short-term control effects on blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases. Our methods for the prevention and control of COVID-19 can be used for the prevention and control of other notifiable communicable diseases, especially respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases.
The moderating effect of cognitive impairment on the relationship between inner speech and auditory verbal hallucinations among chronic patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Mahfoud Daniella , Hallit Souheil , Haddad Chadia , Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Haddad Georges 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Even though there is an increasing amount of evidence from behavioral and neuroimaging studies to suggest that pathological inner speech plays a role in the emergence of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), studies investigating the mechanisms underlying this relationship are rather scarce. Examining moderators might inform the development of new treatment options for AVH. We sought to extend the existing knowledge by testing the moderating role of cognitive impairment in the association between inner speech and hallucinations in a sample of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from May till August 2022, enrolling 189 chronic patients.

Results
Moderation analysis revealed that, after controlling for delusions, the interaction of experiencing voices of other people in inner speech by cognitive performance was significantly associated with AVH. In people having low (Beta = 0.69; t = 5.048; p < .001) and moderate (Beta = 0.45; t = 4.096; p < .001) cognitive performance, the presence of voices of other people in inner speech was significantly associated with more hallucinations. This association was not significant in patients with high cognitive function (Beta = 0.21; t = 1.417; p = .158).

Conclusion
This preliminarily study suggests that interventions aiming at improving cognitive performance may also have a beneficial effect in reducing hallucinations in schizophrenia.
Aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activity and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based prospective cohort of Korean adults
Authors: Cho Yoonkyoung , Jang Hajin , Kwon Sohyeon , Oh Hannah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies have shown that aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activities reduce mortality risk. However, little is known about the joint associations of the two activity types and whether other type of physical activity, such as flexibility activity, can provide similar mortality risk reduction.

Objectives
We examined the independent associations of aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activities with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a population-based prospective cohort of Korean men and women. We also examined the joint associations of aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities, the two physical activity types that are recommended by the current World Health Organization physical activity guidelines.

Design
This analysis included 34,379 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2013 participants (aged 20–79 years) with mortality data linkage through December 31, 2019. Engagement in walking, aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activities was self-reported at baseline. Cox proportional hazards model was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
Flexibility physical activity (≥ 5 vs. 0 d/wk) was inversely associated with all-cause (HR [95% CI] = 0.80 [0.70–0.92]; P-trend < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (0.75 [0.55–1.03], P-trend = 0.02). Moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity (≥ 50.0 vs. 0 MET-h/wk) was also associated with lower all-cause (HR [95% CI] = 0.82 [0.70–0.95]; P-trend < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (0.55 [0.37–0.80]; P-trend < 0.001). Similar inverse associations were observed with total aerobic physical activity, including walking. Muscle-strengthening activity (≥ 5 vs. 0 d/wk) was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI] = 0.83 [0.68–1.02]; P-trend = 0.01) but was not associated with cancer or cardiovascular mortality. Compared to participants meeting the highest guidelines for both moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activities, those not meeting in any guideline were associated with higher all-cause (1.34 [1.09–1.64]) and cardiovascular mortality (1.68 [1.00-2.82]).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility activities are associated with lower risk of mortality.
Adherence to diet with higher dietary diabetes risk reduction score is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes incident in Iranian adults
Authors: Jahromi Mitra Kazemi , Farhadnejad Hossein , Teymoori Farshad , Asghari Golaleh , Kalantari Mahsa , Mirmiran Parvin , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Dietary diabetes risk reduction score (DDRRS) has recently been considered by researchers as a diet quality index to predict the risk of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we aimed to assess the association of DDRRS with T2D risk in Iranian adults.

Methods
Subjects aged ≥ 40 years without T2D (n = 2081) were selected for the current study from participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2009–2011) and followed for a mean of 6.01 years. We used the food frequency questionnaire to determine the DDRRS that is characterized by eight components, including higher consumption of nuts, cereal fiber, coffee, and polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio and lower consumption of red or processed meats, trans fats, sugar-sweetened beverages, and high glycemic index foods. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2D across the DDRRS tertiles.

Results
The mean ± SD age of individuals was 50.4 ± 8.2 years at baseline. The Median (25–75 interquartile range) DDRRS of the study population was 24(22–27). During the study follow-up, 233(11.2%) new cases of T2D were ascertained. In the age and sex-adjusted model, the odds of T2D were decreased across tertiles of DDRRS (OR = 0.68; 95%CI: 0.48–0.97, P for trend = 0.037). Based on the multivariable-adjusted model, after controlling all potential confounders, the risk of T2D is reduced across tertiles of DDRRS (OR = 0.66; 95%CI: 0.44–0.98, P for trend = 0.047). Also, higher scores (lower consumption) of red and processed meat (OR = 0.59; 95%CI: 0.39–0.88, P = 0.012) and sugar-sweetened beverages (OR = 0.49; 95%CI: 0.32–0.76, P = 0.002) as DDRRS components were associated with decreased T2D incident.

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that a diet with a higher score of DDRRS may be related to reducing the risk of T2D in Iranian adults.
CATCH-UP vaccines: protocol for a randomized controlled trial using the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) framework to evaluate education interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Oklahoma
Authors: Janitz Amanda E. , Neil Jordan M. , Bray Laura A. , Jervis Lori L. , Ross Laura , Campbell Janis E. , Doescher Mark P. , Spicer Paul G. , Williams Mary L. , Lopez April K. , Uribe-Frias Conce A. , Chen Sixia , James Judith A. , VanWagoner Timothy M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Oklahoma’s cumulative COVID-19 incidence is higher in rural than urban counties and higher than the overall US incidence. Furthermore, fewer Oklahomans have received at least one COVID-19 vaccine compared to the US average. Our goal is to conduct a randomized controlled trial using the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) to test multiple educational interventions to improve uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among underserved populations in Oklahoma.

Methods
Our study uses the preparation and optimization phases of the MOST framework. We conduct focus groups among community partners and community members previously involved in hosting COVID-19 testing events to inform intervention design (preparation). In a randomized clinical trial, we test three interventions to improve vaccination uptake: (1) process improvement (text messages); (2) barrier elicitation and reduction (electronic survey with tailored questions/prompts); and (2) teachable moment messaging (motivational interviewing) in a three-factor fully crossed factorial design (optimization).

Discussion
Because of Oklahoma’s higher COVID-19 impact and lower vaccine uptake, identifying community-driven interventions is critical to address vaccine hesitancy. The MOST framework provides an innovative and timely opportunity to efficiently evaluate multiple educational interventions in a single study.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05236270, First Posted: February 11, 2022, Last Update Posted: August 31, 2022.
Counselling treatment versus counselling associated with jaw exercises in patients with disc displacement with reduction—a single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Simões Carolina Antunes Santa Cecília , da Silva Mayara Aparecida Moreira , Magesty Rafael Alvim , Falci Saulo Gabriel Moreira , Douglas-de-Oliveira Dhelfeson Willya , Gonçalves Patricia Furtado , Flecha Olga Dumont 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To compare effectiveness of counselling program versus counselling program plus jaw exercises to reduce pain and click in patients with temporomandibular joint disc displacement with reduction (DDWR).

Materials and methods
Patients were divided into two groups: instructions for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) plus jaw exercises (test, n = 34), only TMD instructions (control, n = 34). Pain was analyzed by palpation (RDC/TMD). It was investigated if the click caused discomfort. Both groups were evaluated at baseline, 24 h, 7 days, and 30 days’ post treatment.

Results
The click was present in 85.7% (n = 60). In 30-day evaluation, there was a statistically significant difference between groups in the right median temporal muscle (p = 0.041); and there was a statistically significant difference in treatment self-perception (p = 0.002) and click’s discomfort (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The exercise with recommendations showed better results, resolution of the click, and self-perception of the treatment effectiveness.

Clinical relevance
This study presents therapeutic approaches that are easy to perform and that can be monitored remotely. In view of the current stage of the global pandemic, these treatment options become even more valid and useful.

Clinical trial register
This clinical trial was registered at Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBec) under protocol RBR-7t6ycp (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7t6ycp/), Date of registration: 26/06/2020.
Development and validation of a novel index to assess the perceived impact of sports-related oro-dental trauma among adolescents: findings from Sri Lanka
Authors: Udayamalee Iresha , Amarasinghe Hemantha , Zhang Ping , Johnson Newell 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSports-related oro- dental trauma, such as tooth fracture, displacement, mobility, and avulsion, cause significant concern among adolescent players due to detrimental impacts. The current study aims to develop, validate and assess the reliability of a simple index as a questionnaire to assess the impact of sports-related oro-dental trauma both untreated and treated, among adolescent school children in Sri Lanka.MethodsAODTII, an adolescent oro-dental trauma impact index, was developed and validated using a mixed-method approach. Items for the index were generated by quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of the results from Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaires, personnel interviews with experts and focus group discussions with adolescents. Principal component analysis and Exploratory factor analysis were used to create the index. The index was validated in the Sinhala language, and the reliability of the index was assessed using a separate sample in the school context in the Colombo district.ResultsThe initial list of 28 items was reduced to 12 by the Principal Component Analysis. Exploratory Factor Analysis categorised the variables into four latent constructs; physical impact, psychosocial effect influenced by peer pressure, the impact of oral health care and the impact caused due to unmet dental trauma treatment need. The cut-off values of the AODTII were based on PCA. The index achieved the Content Validity Ratio of 88.33. The construct validity was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis by developing a structural equation model. It obtained good model fit indices of RMSEA value of 0.067, SRMR of 0.076, CFI of 0.911 and the Goodness of Fit index of 0.95. The homogeneity was ensured with convergent and discriminant validity. The Cronbach's alpha value was 0.768, ensuring reliability. The index assesses the level of impact due to oro- dental trauma and identifies whether the adolescents perceive it significantly or not.ConclusionTwelve-item AODTII emerged as a reliable and valid tool to assess the perceived impact of untreated and treated sports-related oro- dental trauma on Sri Lankan adolescents with implications for its use in other populations. Further research is required to improve the translational value of AODTII. Moreover, the tool is potential as a patient-centred communication tool, clinical adjunct, advocacy tool and a useful OHRQoL index. However, it is needed to be supported end-users’ feedback.
Medical student-led implementation of preclinical abortion didactic session at a California medical school
Authors: Masini Irene , Rosecrance Katherine , Patibandla Yamini , Barker Margot , Cardall Jarvis Anna , Patel Jasmine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Formal education surrounding abortion care during pre-clinical years of medical school is limited and will likely decrease with the overturning of Roe v. Wade. This study describes and evaluates the impact of an original abortion didactic session implemented during the pre-clinical years of medical school.

Methods
We implemented a didactic session at the University of California Irvine outlining abortion epidemiology, pregnancy options counseling, standard abortion care, and the current legislative landscape surrounding abortion. The preclinical session also included an interactive, small group case-based discussion. Pre-session and post-session surveys were obtained to evaluate changes in participants’ knowledge and attitudes and to collect feedback for future sessions.

Results
92 matched pre- and post-session surveys were completed and analyzed (response rate 77%). The majority of the respondents identified themselves as more “pro-choice” compared to “pro-life” on the pre-session survey. Results reflected significantly increased comfort discussing abortion care and significantly increased knowledge about abortion prevalence and techniques after the session. Qualitative feedback was overwhelmingly positive and reflected participants’ appreciation for the focus on the medical aspects of abortion care as opposed to an ethical discussion.

Conclusions
Abortion education targeted to preclinical medical students can be implemented effectively by a medical student cohort with institutional support.
Integrating China in the international consortium for personalised medicine. a position paper on healthcare professionals’ education and citizens’ empowerment in personalised medicine
Authors: Beccia Flavia , Causio Francesco Andrea , Hoxhaj Ilda , Huang Hui-Yao , Wang Lily , Wang Wenya , Farina Sara , Osti Tommaso , Savoia Cosimo , Cadeddu Chiara , Ricciardi Walter , Boccia Stefania 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Personalised medicine (PM) has been fostered by technological and medical advances, but all stakeholders, including healthcare professionals, citizens and policy makers, should achieve adequate health literacy to promote PM implementation. The “Integrating China in the International Consortium for Personalised Medicine” (IC2PerMed) project, funded by the International Consortium for Personalised Medicine, focuses on this issue by highlighting the need to educate healthcare professionals and empower citizens. Within the aforementioned project, building on a mapping of European and Chinese policies in PM, experts in the field of PM participated in an online workshop and a following two-round Delphi survey, in order to identify the priority areas of intervention for healthcare professionals’ education and curricula, engagement and empowerment of citizens and patients.

Results
Nine experts completed the survey and reached a consensus on seventeen priorities: seven were related to health professionals’ education and curricula, whereas ten on citizen and patients’ awareness and empowerment.

Conclusion
These priorities emphasized the importance of education and health literacy, multidisciplinary and international collaboration, public trust, and consideration of ethical, legal, and social issues. The present experience highlights the relevance of the involvement of stakeholders in informing decision-makers, developing appropriate national plans, strategies, and policies, and ensuring the adequate implementation of PM in health systems.
Nursing students’ views of the impact of geriatric role-play workshops on professional competencies: survey
Authors: Benko Ester , Peršolja Melita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSimulation and role-playing are the most commonly used experiential teaching methods in nursing education. The purpose of the study was to describe the impact of geriatric role-play workshops on the knowledge and skills of nursing students. We set one hypothesis: Students believe that learning through experiential role-play improves their professional competencies.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive quantitative study, collecting the data with a questionnaire. The study included 266 first-year nursing students who underwent 10 h of role-playing workshops in geriatric nursing in 2021. The questionnaire was compiled for the purpose of the present study, and its’ internal consistency was 0.844 (n = 27). We used descriptive and correlation statistical analysis.ResultsRespondents were convinced that they gained and consolidated knowledge and connected theory with practice through role-playing. They especially emphasized the abilities they acquired to communicate in a group, engage in constructive reflection, be more sensitive to one’s own emotions, and feel empathy.ConclusionsRespondents understand the use of the role-play method as an effective form of learning in geriatric nursing. They are convinced that they will be able to use the experience when working with an elderly patient in a clinical setting.
Allied health professionals’ research capacity: open to interpretation?
Authors: Cordrey Terry , King Elizabeth , Gustafson Owen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAllied health professional research capacity and culture has been the focus of growing research interest of late. The recent study by Comer et al. represents the largest survey of allied health research capacity and culture to date. We congratulate the authors on this work and would like to raise some discussion points in relation to their study.The authors have interpreted their research capacity and culture survey results using cut-off values to indicate a degree of adequacy in relation to perceived research success and/or skill level. To our knowledge, the constructs of the research capacity and culture tool have not been validated to an extent that would enable such an inference to be made.Comer et al. describe perceived individual research success and/or skill as adequate, but the rating of skills in areas necessary for the conduct of original research, such as writing research protocols, ethics submissions, securing funding, and writing for publication range from median scores one to three, which is considered ‘less than adequate’ on the interpretation scale used by the authors.The survey results for the individual and organisational domains reported in Comer et al. are comparable to other similar studies. However, they uniquely conclude research success and/or skill to be adequate in both domains, which is contrary to the interpretation of the other studies.The interpretation of allied health professional research success and skill offered by Cromer et al. differs from studies with similar results and is contrary to previous reports of insufficient research capacity in terms of research trained and active practitioners within these professions in the UK.