bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of anchoring groups number on the photovoltaic parameters in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Swetha Thokala , Singh Surya Prakash 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We have developed a series of Ru sensitizers (GS16, GS17 and GS19) with molecular architecture containing a tridentate ligand with one, two and three anchoring groups and three thiocyanates. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of the number of carboxylic groups on photovoltaic properties. The absorption spectra of the novel sensitizers extended up to the red region (900 nm). The electrochemical studies reveal that the oxidation potentials are aligned below the iodine-based redox potential, feasible for easy regeneration, and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of all sensitizers lies above the TiO2 conduction band, which is favourable for easy electron injection. The overall efficiency (η) of the GS16, GS17 and GS19 is 1.13, 2.71 and 1.59% with short-circuit current (JSC) of 3.74 mA cm−2, 7.08 mA cm−2, 6.27 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.42 V, 0.54 V and 0.39 V and fill factor of 0.70, 0.70 and 0.65, respectively. The highest efficiency of 2.71% was observed in GS17, bearing the two anchoring groups compared to one and three carboxylic acid-containing sensitizers (GS16 and GS19). Theoretical studies are also examined and matched with the experimental data.
Cytokinin-responsive MdTCP17 interacts with MdWOX11 to repress adventitious root primordium formation in apple rootstocks
Authors: Mao Jiangping , Niu Chundong , Li Ke , Fan Li , Liu Zhimin , Li Shaohuan , Ma Doudou , Tahir Muhammad Mobeen , Xing Libo , Zhao Caiping , Ma Juanjuan , An Na , Han Mingyu , Ren Xiaolin , Zhang Dong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) formation plays an important role in vegetatively propagated plants. Cytokinin (CK) inhibits AR formation, but the molecular mechanisms driving this process remain unknown. In this study, we confirmed that CK content is related to AR formation and further revealed that a high auxin/CK ratio was beneficial to AR formation in apple (Malus domestica). A correlation between expression of CK-responsive TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF17 (MdTCP17) and AR formation in response to CK was identified, and overexpression of MdTCP17 in transgenic apple inhibited AR formation. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed an interaction between MdTCP17 and WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX11 (MdWOX11), and a significant correlation between the expression of MdWOX11 and AR ability. Overexpression of MdWOX11 promoted AR primordium formation in apple, while interference of MdWOX11 inhibited AR primordium production. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between MdWOX11 and LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN29 (MdLBD29) expression, and yeast one-hybrid, dual luciferase reporter, and ChIP-qPCR assays verified the binding of MdWOX11 to the MdLBD29 promoter with a WOX-box element in the binding sequence. Furthermore, MdTCP17 reduced the binding of MdWOX11 and MdLBD29 promoters, and coexpression of MdTCP17 and MdWOX11 reduced MdLBD29 expression. Together, these results explain the function and molecular mechanism of MdTCP17-mediated CK inhibition of AR primordium formation, which could be used to improve apple rootstocks genetically.
Impact of misinformation on ivermectin internet searches and prescribing trends during COVID-19
Authors: Ostrovsky Adam M , Parikh Chitra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in a surge of publications seeking to understand the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A byproduct of the rush to understand COVID-19 has been the publication and subsequent retraction of papers promoting unfounded treatments, such as ivermectin—an anti-parasitic medication. This study aims to determine the impact retracted studies may have had on ivermectin prescription rates. TriNetX was used to gather anonymized patient data from 67 healthcare organizations both within the USA (36,711 patients; 91.6%) and abroad (3,266 patients; 8.14%) to obtain prescribing rates for ivermectin between April 2020–September 2022. Google Trends was used to gauge online interest in purchasing ivermectin in relation to prescribing rates. We found that ivermectin use largely increased following periods in which later-retracted journal articles were written touting its potential benefits. Multiple spikes in Google searches were observed, with the first three local peaks occurring within the first, second, and third publication ‘clusters,’ respectively. The maximum peak for searches occurred just one month after the maximum number of ivermectin prescriptions. This information is important for understanding how health-related misinformation spreads, and how to best minimize and counteract the impact of such misinformation in the future.
Prestige of scholarly book publishers—An investigation into criteria, processes, and practices across countries
Authors: Dagienė Eleonora 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Numerous national research assessment policies aim to promote ‘excellence’ and incentivize scholars to publish their research in the most prestigious journals or with the most prestigious book publishers. We investigate the practicalities of assessing book outputs in different countries, concentrating on evaluation based on the prestige of book publishers (e.g. Denmark, Finland, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, and Spain). Additionally, we test whether such judgments are transparent and yield consistent results. We show inconsistencies in the levelling of publishers, such as cases where the same publisher is ranked as prestigious and not-so-prestigious in different states or within the same country in consequent years. Likewise, we find that verification of compliance with the mandatory prerequisites is not always possible because of the lack of transparency. Our findings support doubts about whether the assessment of books based on a judgement about their publishers yields acceptable outcomes. Even more, currently used rankings of publishers focus on evaluating the gatekeeping role of publishers but do not assess other essential stages in scholarly book publishing (e.g. dissemination or preservation). Our suggestion for future research is to develop approaches to evaluate books by accounting for the value added to every book at every publishing stage, which is vital for the quality of book outputs from research assessment and scholarly communication perspectives.
Disorganization of Semantic Brain Networks in Schizophrenia Revealed by fMRI
Authors: Matsumoto Yukiko , Nishida Satoshi , Hayashi Ryusuke , Son Shuraku , Murakami Akio , Yoshikawa Naganobu , Ito Hiroyoshi , Oishi Naoya , Masuda Naoki , Murai Toshiya , Friston Karl , Nishimoto Shinji , Takahashi Hidehiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesSchizophrenia is a mental illness that presents with thought disorders including delusions and disorganized speech. Thought disorders have been regarded as a consequence of the loosening of associations between semantic concepts since the term “schizophrenia” was first coined by Bleuler. However, a mechanistic account of this cardinal disturbance in terms of functional dysconnection has been lacking. To evaluate how aberrant semantic connections are expressed through brain activity, we characterized large-scale network structures of concept representations using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Study DesignWe quantified various concept representations in patients’ brains from fMRI activity evoked by movie scenes using encoding modeling. We then constructed semantic brain networks by evaluating the similarity of these semantic representations and conducted graph theory-based network analyses.Study ResultsNeurotypical networks had small-world properties similar to those of natural languages, suggesting small-worldness as a universal property in semantic knowledge networks. Conversely, small-worldness was significantly reduced in networks of schizophrenia patients and was correlated with psychological measures of delusions. Patients’ semantic networks were partitioned into more distinct categories and had more random within-category structures than those of controls.ConclusionsThe differences in conceptual representations manifest altered semantic clustering and associative intrusions that underlie thought disorders. This is the first study to provide pathophysiological evidence for the loosening of associations as reflected in randomization of semantic networks in schizophrenia. Our method provides a promising approach for understanding the neural basis of altered or creative inner experiences of individuals with mental illness or exceptional abilities, respectively.
Associations Between Cannabis Use, Polygenic Liability for Schizophrenia, and Cannabis-related Experiences in a Sample of Cannabis Users
Authors: Johnson Emma C , Colbert Sarah M C , Jeffries Paul W , Tillman Rebecca , Bigdeli Tim B , Karcher Nicole R , Chan Grace , Kuperman Samuel , Meyers Jacquelyn L , Nurnberger John I , Plawecki Martin H , Degenhardt Louisa , Martin Nicholas G , Kamarajan Chella , Schuckit Marc A , Murray Robin M , Dick Danielle M , Edenberg Howard J , D’Souza Deepak Cyril , Di Forti Marta , Porjesz Bernice , Nelson Elliot C , Agrawal Arpana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Risk for cannabis use and schizophrenia is influenced in part by genetic factors, and there is evidence that genetic risk for schizophrenia is associated with subclinical psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). Few studies to date have examined whether genetic risk for schizophrenia is associated with cannabis-related PLEs.

Study Design
We tested whether measures of cannabis involvement and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for schizophrenia were associated with self-reported cannabis-related experiences in a sample ascertained for alcohol use disorders (AUDs), the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). We analyzed 4832 subjects (3128 of European ancestry and 1704 of African ancestry; 42% female; 74% meeting lifetime criteria for an AUD).

Study Results
Cannabis use disorder (CUD) was prevalent in this analytic sample (70%), with 40% classified as mild, 25% as moderate, and 35% as severe. Polygenic risk for schizophrenia was positively associated with cannabis-related paranoia, feeling depressed or anhedonia, social withdrawal, and cognitive difficulties, even when controlling for duration of daily cannabis use, CUD, and age at first cannabis use. The schizophrenia PRS was most robustly associated with cannabis-related cognitive difficulties (β = 0.22, SE = 0.04, P = 5.2e−7). In an independent replication sample (N = 1446), associations between the schizophrenia PRS and cannabis-related experiences were in the expected direction and not statistically different in magnitude from those in the COGA sample.

Conclusions
Among individuals who regularly use cannabis, genetic liability for schizophrenia—even in those without clinical features—may increase the likelihood of reporting unusual experiences related to cannabis use.
Bad Sexology: The Scientific Publications of the University Press (Watford and London), 1897–1901
Authors: Brooks Ross 
Published: December 2022

Summary
This article surveys the full catalogue of works published by the University Press, erstwhile of Watford, and its mysterious proprietor George Ferdinand Springmühl von Weissenfeld. The intrepid (and criminal) outfit is well known for publishing the first English editions of Sexual Inversion by Havelock Ellis and John Addington Symonds which were banned in Britain following a sensational trial in 1898. Other works produced by the press were crucial in establishing the new sexology across social strata in modern Britain. Among them are several English translations of French sexological tomes. There were also in-house productions that shaped the new sexology for a popular British readership including some of the first non-fiction books by Walter Matthew Gallichan, written under the pseudonym Geoffrey Mortimer. More than this, von Weissenfeld mounted an extraordinary defence of the freedom to publish scientific books about sex, an endeavour that was inextricably linked with his anti-establishment marketing strategy.
The association of impulsivity with effects of the ChooseWell 365 workplace nudge intervention on diet and weight
Authors: McCurley Jessica L , Buckholtz Joshua W , Roberto Christina A , Levy Douglas E , Anderson Emma M , Chang Yuchiao , Thorndike Anne N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Impulsivity is associated with unhealthy food choices. Nudge interventions in the food environment may be particularly helpful for individuals with high impulsivity. To examine if trait, choice, and action impulsivity were associated with the effectiveness of a workplace-based nudge intervention to improve diet and weight. This was a planned secondary analysis of 487 participants of ChooseWell 365, a randomized controlled trial that tested a 12-month nudge intervention to improve cafeteria purchases among hospital employees. Trait impulsivity was measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Choice and action impulsivity were assessed with delay discounting and response inhibition tasks, respectively. Tertiles were generated for each measure. Multivariable regression models examined the association of impulsivity with cafeteria purchases [Healthy Purchasing Score (HPS)] over 12 months, dietary intake [Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI) score], and body mass index (BMI) measured at 12 months. Interaction terms tested differences in intervention effect by level of impulsivity. Participants with higher trait (p = .02) and choice (p &lt; .001) impulsivity had lower baseline HPS than those with lower impulsivity. Employees of all impulsivity levels increased healthy eating, but higher trait impulsivity was associated with smaller increase in HPS over 12 months (p = .03). In the highest action impulsivity tertile, 12-month BMI increased less for intervention vs. control participants (0.3 vs. 0.5 kg/m2; p-interaction = .04). There were no interaction effects for trait or choice impulsivity. A workplace nudge intervention improved food choices among employees of all impulsivity levels and attenuated weight gain in those with higher action impulsivity.
Reproductive and developmental toxicity following exposure to organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers, triphenyl phosphate and isopropylated phenyl phosphate, in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Witchey Shannah K , Sutherland Vicki , Collins Brad , Roberts Georgia , Shockley Keith R , Vallant Molly , Krause Jeffrey , Cunny Helen , Waidyanatha Suramya , Mylchreest Eve , Sparrow Barney , Moyer Robert , Behl Mamta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo organophosphate esters used as flame retardants and plasticizers, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and isopropylated phenyl phosphate (IPP), have been detected in environmental samples around the world. Human exposure primarily occurs via oral ingestion with reported higher concentrations in children. Currently, there are no data to evaluate potential risk from exposure to either TPHP or IPP during fetal development. These short-term perinatal studies in rats provide preliminary toxicity data for TPHP and IPP, including information on transfer to fetus/offspring and across the pup blood-brain barrier. In separate experiments, TPHP or IPP were administered via dosed feed at concentrations 0, 1000, 3000, 10 000, 15 000, or 30 000 ppm to time-mated Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD rats from gestation day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 28; offspring were provided dosed feed at the same concentration as their dam (PND 28–PND 56). TPHP- and IPP-related toxicity resulted in removal of both 30 000 ppm groups on GD 12 and 15 000 ppm IPP group after parturition. Body weight and organ weights were impacted with exposure in remaining dams. Reproductive performance was perturbed at ≥10 000 ppm TPHP and all IPP exposure groups. In offspring, both TPHP- and IPP-related toxicity was noted in pups at ≥10 000 ppm as well as reduction in bodyweights, delays in pubertal endpoints, and/or reduced cholinesterase enzyme activity starting at 1000 ppm TPHP or IPP. Preliminary internal dose assessment indicated gestational and lactational transfer following exposure to TPHP or IPP. These findings demonstrate that offspring development is sensitive to 1000 ppm TPHP or IPP exposure.
Ethylene constrains stomatal reopening in Fraxinus chinensis post moderate drought
Authors: Bi Min-Hui , Jiang Chao , Brodribb Timothy , Yang Yu-Jie , Yao Guang-Qian , Jiang Hui , Fang Xiang-Wen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Clarifying the mechanisms underlying the recovery of gas exchange following drought is the key to providing insights into plant drought adaptation and habitat distribution. However, the mechanisms are still largely unknown. Targeting processes known to inhibit gas exchange during drought recovery, we measured leaf water potential, the leaf hydraulic conductance, stomatal reopening, abscisic acid (ABA) and the ethylene emission rate (EER) following moderate drought stress in seedlings of the globally pervasive woody tree Fraxinus chinensis. We found strong evidence that the slow stomatal reopening after rehydration is regulated by a slow decrease in EER, rather than changes in leaf hydraulics or foliar ABA levels. This was supported by evidence of rapid gas exchange recovery in plants after treatment with the ethylene antagonist 1-methylcyclopropene. These findings provide evidence to rigorously support ethylene as a key factor constraining stomatal reopening from moderate drought directly, thereby potentially opening new windows for understanding species drought adaptation.
Identification of Cultured and Diazotrophic Bacterial Endophytes in Warm-Season Grasses
Authors: Sapkota Suraj , Harris-Shultz Karen R. , Strickland Timothy C. , Anderson William F. 
Published: December 2022

Endophytes can have positive effects on plant health and growth, but endophytes of warm-season grasses are largely understudied, and inocula are rarely applied to cultivated grasses. To identify endophytes in warm-season grasses, 35 endophytic bacterial isolates were cultured from the roots, rhizomes, and shoots of bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon), energy cane ( Saccharum spp.), Johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense), napiergrass ( Cenchrus purpureus), perennial sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor × S. halepense), sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor), sorghum × sudangrass ( Sorghum × drummondii), and peanut (outgroup). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA fragment from the endophytes revealed that the bacterial sequences were similar to Bacillus spp. (19 isolates), Burkholderia spp. (4), Pantoea spp. (4), Pseudomonas spp. (3), Enterobacter spp. (2), Kosakonia spp . (2), and Sphingomonas sp. (1). To identify diazotrophic endophytes, DNA isolated from surface-disinfected tissue from warm-season grasses was used to amplify nifH. Bacteria containing nifH were similar to 13 genera, and sequences similar to Pseudolabrys sp. were present in the greatest number of warm-season grasses. Bacteria similar to Bradyrhizobium frederickii strain CNPSo 3447 were identified frequently from the leaves and roots of sorghum × sudangrass (and peanut roots). Using similarity to known nifH fragments, six genera were identified that had not been previously identified in grasses. Thus, a large number of endophytes were found in warm-season grasses and could enhance plant growth or grass nitrogen levels by using nitrogen fixation. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2023.
Original Research: Practice Variations in Documenting Neurologic Examinations in Non-Neuroscience ICUs
Authors: Banzon Phyllis Carol , Vashisht Ayushi , Euckert Madeleine , Nairon Emerson , Aiyagari Venkatesh , Stutzman Sonja E. , Olson DaiWai M. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
In critical care units, the neurologic examination (neuro exam) is used to detect changes in neurologic function. Serial neuro exams are a hallmark of monitoring in neuroscience ICUs. But less is known about neuro exams that are performed in non-neuroscience ICUs. This knowledge gap likely contributes to the insufficient guidance on what constitutes an adequate neuro exam for patients admitted to a non-neuroscience ICU.

Purpose:
The study purpose was to explore existing practices for documenting neuro exams in ICUs that don't routinely admit patients with a primary neurologic injury.

Methods:
A single-center, prospective, observational study examined documented neuro exams performed in medical, surgical, and cardiovascular ICUs. A comprehensive neuro exam assesses seven domains that can be divided into 20 components. In this study, each component was scored as present (documentation was found) or absent (documentation was not found); a domain was scored as present if one or more of its components had been documented.

Results:
There were 1,482 assessments documented on 120 patients over a one-week period. A majority of patients were male (56%), White (71%), non-Hispanic (77%), and over 60 years of age (50%). Overall, assessments of the domains of consciousness, injury severity, and cranial nerve function were documented 80% of the time or more. Assessments of the domains of pain, motor function, and sensory function were documented less than 60% of the time, and that of speech less than 5% of the time. Statistically significant differences in documentation were found between the medical, surgical, and cardiovascular ICUs for the domains of speech, cranial nerve function, and pain. There were no significant differences in documentation frequency between day and night shift nurses. Documentation practices were significantly different for RNs versus providers.

Conclusions:
Our findings show that the frequency and specific components of neuro exam documentation vary significantly across nurses, providers, and ICUs. These findings are relevant for nurses and providers and may help to improve guidance for neurologic assessment of patients in non-neurologic ICUs. Further studies exploring variance in documentation practices and their implications for courses of treatment and patient outcomes are warranted.