bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-management in adults after solid-organ transplantation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Jobst Stefan , Stadelmaier Julia , Zöller Petra , Grummich Kathrin , Schmucker Christine , Wünsch Alexander , Kugler Christiane , Rebafka Anne 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionAfter solid-organ transplantation (SOTx), recipients must adhere to a lifelong medical regimen, change their lifestyle and cope with physiological and psychosocial challenges. This requires active participation in their care and self-management abilities. The concept of self-management after SOTx has only been described regarding specific organs and focused on adherence to medical treatment. A comprehensive conceptualisation of self-management entailing all solid organs and beyond medical aspects does not exist. This might lead to unmet self-management support needs of SOTx recipients and hinder a more holistic and integrative approach in self-management support. Therefore, a better understanding of the concept of self-management after SOTx is needed to facilitate a comprehensive evidence base for healthcare providers and researchers. The purpose of this scoping review is to explore existing evidence on self-management in adults after SOTx.Methods and analysisTo identify relevant evidence, six electronic databases and three study registers will be searched, supplemented by handsearches, reference checking and expert recommendations. Screening and selection of available evidence will be carried out in a two-step process by two independent reviewers. International evidence published in English or German reporting on adults after heart, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney or small bowel transplantation will be considered. To meet inclusion criteria, articles have to focus on either: self-management, self-management support or recipients’ or healthcare providers’ perspectives of challenges and needs potentially addressable by self-management. Data extraction will be performed by two reviewers independently using a structured form. Data will be analysed descriptively and using content analysis procedures. Findings will be summarised narratively and presented in tabular format.Ethics and disseminationThe consultation and approval of an ethics committee is not required for this scoping review. Findings of the scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed open-access journal and presented at conferences.
Digital self-report instruments for repeated measurement of mental health in the general adult population: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Koh Zhao Hui , Skues Jason , Murray Greg 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDigital technologies present tremendous opportunities for enabling long-term measurement of mental health in the general population. Emerging studies have established preliminary efficacy of collecting self-report data digitally. However, a key challenge when developing a new self-report instrument is navigating the abundance of existing instruments to select relevant constructs for measurements. This review is a precursor to developing a novel future integrated digital instrument for repeated measurements. We interrogate the literature as the first step towards optimal measurement of the multifaceted mental health concept, in the context of digital repeated measurement. This review aims to identify (1) digital self-report instruments administered repeatedly to measure the mental health of the general adult population; (2) their structure and format; (3) their psychometric properties; (4) their usage in empirical studies; and (5) the constructs these instruments were designed to measure (as characterised in the original publication), and the constructs the instruments have been used to measure in the identified empirical studies.Methods and analysisFive major electronic databases will be searched. Studies administering mental health instruments (in English) repeatedly to community dwellers in the general adult population are eligible. A reviewer will preliminarily screen for eligible studies. Then, two reviewers will independently screen the full text of the eligible articles and extract data. Both reviewers will resolve any disagreement through discussion or with a third reviewer. After the data extraction, a reviewer will manually search for the structure, format, psychometric properties and the original constructs these instruments were developed to measure. This review will synthesise the results in a narrative approach. The reporting in this review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as no data will be collected. Findings of the systematic review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022306547
Body mass index, waist circumference and pre-frailty/frailty: the Tromsø study 1994−2016
Authors: Uchai Shreeshti , Andersen Lene Frost , Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter , Hjartåker Anette 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study investigated the association between obesity, assessed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and pre-frailty/frailty among older adults over 21 years of follow-up.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingPopulation-based study among community-dwelling adults in Tromsø municipality, Norway.Participants2340 women and 2169 men aged ≥45 years attending the Tromsø study in 1994–1995 (Tromsø4) and 2015–2016 (Tromsø7), with additional BMI and WC measurements in 2001 (Tromsø5) and 2007–2008 (Tromsø6).Primary outcome measurePhysical frailty was defined as the presence of three or more and pre-frailty as the presence of one to two of the five frailty components suggested by Friedet al: low grip strength, slow walking speed, exhaustion, unintentional weight loss and low physical activity.ResultsParticipants with baseline obesity (adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.93 to 3.02), assessed by BMI, were more likely to be pre-frail/frail than those with normal BMI. Participants with high (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.59 to 2.87) or moderately high (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.03) baseline WC were more likely to be pre-frail/frail than those with normal WC. Those at baseline with normal BMI but moderately high/high WC or overweight with normal WC had no significantly increased odds for pre-frailty/frailty. However, those with both obesity and moderately high/high WC had increased odds of pre-frailty/frailty. Higher odds of pre-frailty/frailty were observed among those in ‘overweight to obesity’ or ‘increasing obesity’ trajectories than those with stable normal BMI. Compared with participants in a stable normal WC trajectory, those with high WC throughout follow-up were more likely to be pre-frail/frail.ConclusionBoth general and abdominal obesity, especially over time during adulthood, is associated with an increased risk of pre-frailty/frailty in later years. Thus maintaining normal BMI and WC throughout adult life is important.
Jeelo Dobara (Live Life Again): a cross-sectional survey to understand the use of social media and community experience and perceptions around COVID-19 vaccine uptake in three low vaccine uptake districts in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Khan Anokhi , Ali Mehek , Baig Misbah , Sahar Tahira , Khurshid Kainat , Haider Rizvi Syed Aun , Parvaiz Fariha , Mujtaba Taj Asad , Ur Rehman Ubed , Pasha Aneeta , Khan Myra 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo gather preliminary insights through formative research on social media usage, and experiences, attitudes and perceptions around COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination in three high-risk, underserved districts in Karachi, Pakistan.DesignCross-sectional mixed-method design.Participants392 adults (361 surveys and 30 in-depth interviews (IDI)) from districts South, East and Korangi in Karachi, Pakistan.Main outcome measuresSocial media usage and knowledge, perception and behaviour towards COVID-19 infection and vaccination.ResultsUsing social media was associated with an increased probability of getting vaccinated by 1.61 units. Most of the respondents (65%) reported using social media, mainly to watch videos and/or keep in touch with family/friends. 84.76% knew of COVID-19 while 88.37% knew about the COVID-19 vaccination, with 71.19% reported vaccine receipt; reasons to vaccinate included belief that vaccines protect from the virus, and vaccination being mandatory for work. However, only 56.7% of respondents believed they were at risk of disease. Of the 54 unvaccinated individuals, 27.78% did not vaccinate as they did not believe in COVID-19. Despite this, 78.38% of respondents scored high on vaccine confidence. In IDIs, most respondents knew about COVID-19 vaccines: ‘This vaccine will create immunity in your body. Therefore, I think we should get vaccinated’, and over half knew how COVID-19 spreads. Most considered COVID-19 a serious public health problem and thought it important that people get vaccinated. However, there was a low-risk perception of self as only a little over half felt that they were at risk of contracting COVID-19.ConclusionWith our conflicting results regarding COVID-19 vaccine confidence, that is, high vaccine coverage but low perception of risk to self, it is likely that vaccine coverage is more a result of mandates and coercion than true vaccine confidence. Our findings imply that interactive social media could be valuable in fostering provaccine sentiment.
Protocol for a MULTI-centre feasibility study to assess the use of99mTc-sestaMIBI SPECT/CT in the diagnosis of kidney tumours (MULTI-MIBI study)
Authors: Warren Hannah , Wagner Thomas , Gorin Michael A , Rowe Steven , Holman Beverley Fiona , Pencharz Deborah , El-Sheikh Soha , Barod Ravi , Patki Prasad , Mumtaz Faiz , Bex Axel , Kasivisvanathan Veeru , Moore Caroline M , Campain Nicholas , Cartledge Jon , Scarsbrook Andrew , Hassan Fahim , O'Brien Tim S , Stewart Grant D , Mendichovszky Iosif , Dizdarevic Sabina , Alanbuki Ammar , Wildgoose William H , Wah Tze , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia , Pizzo Elena , Dehbi Hakim-Moulay , Lorgelly Paula , Gurusamy Kurinchi , Emberton Mark , Tran Maxine G B 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe incidence of renal tumours is increasing and anatomic imaging cannot reliably distinguish benign tumours from renal cell carcinoma. Up to 30% of renal tumours are benign, with oncocytomas the most common type. Biopsy has not been routinely adopted in many centres due to concerns surrounding non-diagnostic rate, bleeding and tumour seeding. As a result, benign masses are often unnecessarily surgically resected.99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT has shown high diagnostic accuracy for benign renal oncocytomas and other oncocytic renal neoplasms of low malignant potential in single-centre studies. The primary aim of MULTI-MIBI is to assess feasibility of a multicentre study of99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT against a reference standard of histopathology from surgical resection or biopsy. Secondary aims of the study include obtaining estimates of99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT sensitivity and specificity and to inform the design and conduct of a future definitive trial.Methods and analysisA feasibility prospective multicentre study of participants with indeterminate, clinical T1 renal tumours to undergo99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT (index test) compared with histopathology from biopsy or surgical resection (reference test). Interpretation of the index and reference tests will be blinded to the results of the other. Recruitment rate as well as estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value will be reported. Semistructured interviews with patients and clinicians will provide qualitative data to inform onward trial design and delivery. Training materials for99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT interpretation will be developed, assessed and optimised. Early health economic modelling using a decision analytic approach for different diagnostic strategies will be performed to understand the potential cost-effectiveness of99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted (UK HRA REC 20/YH/0279) protocol V.5.0 dated 21/6/2022. Study outputs will be presented and published nationally and internationally.Trial registration numberISRCTN12572202.
Primary and additional treatment preference in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity and type 1 retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Jang Ji Hye , Kang Yong Koo , Park Han Sang , Kim Kiyoung , Kim Sung Soo , Han Jae Yong , Kim Hyun Wong , Bang Jong Wook , Song Jae Shin , Park Sang Jun , Woo Se Joon , Joo Kwang Sic , Yoo Woong-Sun , Chung Inyoung , Cho Yong-Wun , Lee Jong Hyun , Choi Hun Jin , Chung Yoo-Ri 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the preference for antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) versus laser ablation therapy as primary and additional treatment in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and type 1 ROP.MethodsThis multicentre retrospective study was conducted at nine medical centres across South Korea. A total of 94 preterm infants with ROP who underwent primary treatment between January 2020 and December 2021 were enrolled. All eyes were classified as having type 1 ROP or aggressive ROP. Data on the zone, primary treatment chosen, injection dose, presence of reactivation and additional treatment were collected and analysed.ResultsSeventy infants (131 eyes) with type 1 ROP and 24 infants (45 eyes) with aggressive ROP were included. Anti-VEGF injection was selected as the primary treatment in 74.05% of the infants with type 1 ROP and 88.89% with aggressive ROP. Anti-VEGF injection was selected as the ROP was located in zone I or posterior zone II, and laser ablation was selected when it was located in zone II. The anti-VEGF injection doses varied and tended to be higher in the aggressive ROP group. Infants with aggressive ROP were 2.08 times more likely to require additional treatment than those with type 1 ROP. When ROP reactivation occurred, laser therapy was preferred as an additional treatment.ConclusionIn Korea, the preference for anti-VEGF therapy or laser therapy differed according to ROP subtype, zone and primary or secondary treatment. These findings suggest that ROP treatment are considered according to ROP subtype, location and reactivation.
Predictors and population health outcomes of persistent high GP turnover in English general practices: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Parisi Rosa , Lau Yiu-Shing , Bower Peter , Checkland Katherine , Rubery Jill , Sutton Matt , Giles Sally J , Esmail Aneez , Spooner Sharon , Kontopantelis Evangelos 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEnglish primary care faces significant challenges, including ‘persistent high turnover’ of general practitioners (GPs) in some partnerships. It is unknown whether there are specific predictors of persistent high turnover and whether it is associated with poorer population health outcomes.DesignA retrospective observational study.MethodsWe linked workforce data on individual GPs to practice-level data from Hospital Episode Statistics and the GP Patient Survey (2007–2019). We classified practices as experiencing persistent high turnover if more than 10% of GPs changed in at least 3 consecutive years. We used multivariable logistic or linear regression models for panel data with random effects to identify practice characteristics that predicted persistent high turnover and associations of practice outcomes (higher emergency hospital use and patient experience of continuity of care, access to care and overall patient satisfaction) with persistent high turnover.ResultsEach year, 6% of English practices experienced persistent high turnover, with a maximum of 9% (688/7619) in 2014. Larger practices, in more deprived areas and with a higher morbidity burden were more likely to experience persistent high turnover. Persistent high turnover was associated with 1.8 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.1) more emergency hospital attendances per 100 patients, 0.1 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.2) more admissions per 100 patients, 5.2% (95% CI −5.6% to −4.9%) fewer people seeing their preferred doctor, 10.6% (95% CI−11.4% to −9.8%) fewer people reporting obtaining an appointment on the same day and 1.3% (95% CI −1.6% to −1.1%) lower overall satisfaction with the practice.ConclusionsPersistent high turnover is independently linked to indicators of poorer service and health outcomes. Although causality needs to be further investigated, strategies and policies may be needed to both reduce high turnover and support practices facing challenges with high GP turnover when it occurs.
French women’s experiences and opinions with in-country versus cross-border abortion travel: a mixed-methods paper
Authors: Rahm Laura , De Zordo Silvia , Mishtal Joanna , Zanini Giulia , Garnsey Camille , Clougher Derek , Gerdts Caitlin 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis is the first study contrasting the experience of women residing in France and travelling for abortion services inside and outside their country of residence. We compare travel reasons and costs as well as our study participants’ opinions of abortion legislation. The article documents legal and procedural barriers related to accessing local and timely abortions and provides policy recommendations to broaden care options.MethodsThe study is based on a mixed-methods research design. Quantitative data were descriptively analysed using Stata and drawn from 100 surveys with in-country abortion seekers collected from 3 Parisian hospitals, and 57 surveys with French residents seeking abortion care in the Netherlands (42), Spain (10) and the UK (5). Qualitative data were thematically analysed using ATLAS.ti and drawn from 36 interviews with French residents (23 in-country abortion seekers and 13 cross-border abortion travellers).FindingsGestational age (GA) limits were the key reason for cross-border travel, while lack of close-by, timely and good quality abortion care was the main driver for in-country abortion travel. Unlike in-country travellers, cross-border abortion seekers faced significant financial costs and burdens related to such travel. Partners, family members and service providers offered important support structures to both cross-border and in-country travellers.ConclusionsLegal time limits appeared to be the key driver for abortion-related travel of French residents. Having passed or being at risk of exceeding the GA limit caused women to travel outside their country or department of residence for abortion care.
Improved lifestyle is associated with improved depression, anxiety and well-being over time in UK healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from the CoPE-HCP cohort study
Authors: Khanji Mohammed Y , Collett George , Godec Thomas , Maniero Carmela , Ng Sher May , Siddiqui Imrana , Gupta Jaya , Kapil Vikas , Gupta Ajay 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundOne potential modifiable factor to improve the mental health of healthcare professionals (HCPs) during the pandemic is lifestyle.AimsThis study aimed to assess whether an improved lifestyle during the pandemic is associated with improved mental health symptoms and mental well-being in HCPs over time.MethodsThis was a cohort study involving an online survey distributed at two separate time points during the pandemic (baseline (July–September 2020) and follow-up (December 2020–March 2021)) to HCPs working in primary or secondary care in the UK. Both surveys assessed for major depressive disorder (MDD) (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)), mental well-being (Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Score (SWEMWBS)) and self-reported lifestyle change (compared with the start of the pandemic) on multiple domains. Cumulative scores were calculated to estimate overall lifestyle change compared with that before the pandemic (at both baseline and follow-up). At each time point, separate logistic regression models were constructed to relate the lifestyle change score with the presence of MDD, GAD and low mental well-being. Linear regression models were also developed relating the change in lifestyle scores from baseline to follow-up to changes in PHQ-9, GAD-7 and SWEMWBS scores.Results613 HCPs completed both baseline assessment and follow-up assessment. Consistent significant cross-sectional associations between increased lifestyle change scores and a reduced risk of MDD, GAD and low mental well-being were observed at both baseline and follow-up. Over the study period, a whole unit increase in the change in novel scores (ie, improved overall lifestyle) over 4 months was inversely associated with changes in PHQ-9 (adjusted coefficient: −0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.73 to −0.30, p<0.001) and GAD-7 scores (adjusted coefficient: −0.32, 95% CI: −0.53 to −0.10, p=0.004) and positively associated with the change in SWEMWBS scores (adjusted coefficient: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.55, p<0.001).ConclusionsImproved lifestyle over time is associated with improved mental health and mental well-being in HCPs during the pandemic. Improving lifestyle could be a recommended intervention for HCPs to help mitigate the mental health impact during the current and future pandemics.Trial registration numberNCT04433260.
Insufficient sleep during adolescence and risk of multiple sclerosis: results from a Swedish case-control study
Authors: Åkerstedt Torbjörn , Olsson Tomas , Alfredsson Lars , Hedström Anna Karin 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundShift work, which often results in sleep deprivation and circadian desynchrony, has been associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed at studying the impact of sleep duration, circadian disruption and sleep quality on MS risk.MethodsWe used a Swedish population-based case-control study (2075 cases, 3164 controls). Aspects of sleep were associated with MS risk by calculating OR with 95% CIs using logistic regression models.ResultsCompared with sleeping 7–9 hours/night during adolescence, short sleep (<7 hours/night) was associated with increased risk of developing MS (OR 1.4, 95% OR 1.1–1.7). Similarly, subjective low sleep quality during adolescence increased the risk of subsequently developing MS (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.9), whereas phase shift did not significantly influence the risk. Our findings remained similar when those who worked shifts were excluded.ConclusionsInsufficient sleep and low sleep quality during adolescence seem to increase the risk of subsequently developing MS. Sufficient restorative sleep at young age, needed for adequate immune functioning, may be a preventive factor against MS.