bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Swale Drainage in Terms of Pollutant Removal and Rate of Infiltration
Authors:   Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Shammizi Nafahatul Qayyimah , Mohd Razali Siti Fatin ,   Smart and Sustainable Township Research Centre (SUTRA),  Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
Published: May 2023

Swale drainage is a broad and shallow drainage that is able to filter runoff before flowing to the main drain and river. This study is focused on the effectiveness of the swale drainage compared to concrete drainage, in terms of pollutant removal and its relationship with the infiltration rate. The chosen site is at Astaka field, in Selangor.The water quality of the outflow was tested to determine the water quality classes when compared to the Interim National Water Quality Standards (INWQS) for Malaysia. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), ammonia nitrogen, pH and turbidity are the five parameters that were tested in the water quality test. The study of infiltration rate of swale outflow was done by using the Mini Disk Infiltrometer and was compared with that of the field without swale. Swale proved to be effective to remove about 40%-60% TSS, 10-70% COD and 30-80% ammonia nitrogen compared to the regular concrete drain. The water turbidity of the outlet is higher than that of the inlet for both types of drainage. Results show that swale has negligible effects towards the pH value. The pH value obtained shows signs of alkalinity of the water outflow. The water quality of the outflow at swale outlet achieved Class II according to the INWQS for Malaysia. Swale at Astaka field had a rate of infiltration of 1.8-2 cm/hour which indicates a smaller rate than the field without swale.
An Application of Capacitance Proximity Sensor for Identification of Recyclable Materials
Authors:   Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Ahmad Irfana Kabir , Hidayah Harun Siti Nur ,   Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Azmi Mohd Reza ,   Smart and Sustainable Township Research Centre (SUTRA),  Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
Published: May 2023

Capacitive proximity sensor is often used in various industrial applications for contactless measurement of an object or target displacement and position. In this research, the capacitive proximity sensor is used for new alternatives in detecting recyclable materials specifically plastic and paper for aiding in the separation process. The detection of the sensor for this study is based on the permittivity values of each material where the sensor is adjusted according to the tested material permittivity. Several experiments have been conducted using different types of papers, plastics, and a combination of both materials for this study. At the end of the experiment, the sensor is able to detect a different type of paper and plastic. The sensor also able to detect the combination of both paper and plastic based on their difference in permittivity values. However, there are some limitations to this system such as the size, density, permittivity values, as well as the distance between both sensor and target are affecting the accuracy of the detection system causing the sensor to fail in identifying the samples.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Bacillus thuringiensis dengan Teknologi Ozon dalam pengendalian hama Spodoptera litura pada daun cabai (Capsicum annum)
Authors: Sutriono Sutriono , Zahar Intan 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak. Hama ulat grayak (S. litura) merupakan salah satu hama yang menyebabkan daun berlubang tidak beraturan, sehingga mengganggu proses fotosintesis sehingga mengurangi produksi tanaman cabai sehingga perlu dilakukan penanganan hama. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk melihat perbandingan efektivitas B. thuringiensis dengan teknologi ozon yang dibangkitkan melalui reaktor Dielectric Barier Discharge Plasma dalam mengendalikan S. litura pada daun cabai di laboratorium.Metode penelitian terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu (1) Pemeliharaan larva S. litura (2) Perlakuan dan Pengujian Ozon terhadap S. litura (3) Pengujian Toksisitas Isolat Bt terhadap S. litura. Parameter penelitian ini tentang mortalitas (%), dan perubahan persentase populasi (%). Perlakuan pemberian Bacillus thuringiensis sangat efektif dalam mengendalikan Spodoptera litura, hal ini terlihat pada 1 hari setelah aplikasi (HSA) sudah tampak hama ulat yang mortalitas (kematian), sedangkan perlakuan ozon mortalitas S. litura baru tampak pada 3 hari setelah aplikasi (HSA). Hasil penurunan jumlah hama S. litura pada aplikasi bakteri B. thuringiensis lebih cepat di hari ke 4 hari setelah aplikasi (HSA) yaitu 0 persentase ulat yang hidup, sedangkan perlakuan ozon sampai hari ke 10 HSA masih tersisa 20 % hama S. litura.Comparison of the Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis with Ozone Technology in Spodoptera litura pest control in chili leaf (Capsicum annum)Abstract. The armyworm pest (S. litura) is one of the pests that causes irregular perforated leaves, thus disrupting the photosynthesis process thereby reducing the production of chili plants so that pest management is necessary. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of B. thuringiensis with ozone technology generated through the Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma reactor in controlling S. litura on chili leaves in the laboratory.
The research method consisted of several stages, namely (1) Maintenance of S. litura larvae (2) Ozone treatment and testing of S. litura (3) Toxicity testing of Bt isolates against S. litura.The results of this study will reveal about mortality (%),and change in population percentage (%). The treatment with Bacillus thuringiensis was very effective in controlling Spodoptera litura, it was seen 1 day after application (HSA) the caterpillar pests showed mortality (death), while the ozone treatment of mortality of S. litura only appeared 3 days after application (HSA). The results of the decrease in the number of
S. litura pests on the application of B. thuringiensis bacteria were faster on the 4th day after application (HSA), namely 0 percentage of live caterpillars, while the ozone treatment until the 10th day of DSA still remained 20% of S. litura pests.
Pendugaan Kadar Patchouli Alkohol Pada Minyak Nilam Variasi Menggunakan Teknologi Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Dengan Metode Partial Least Square Regression
Authors: Dina Risqa Mutha , Safliany Farah Cikita , Nur Al Thahyat , Al-Annari Hagi , Ananta Dwipa Aby , Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak. Minyak nilam merupakah salah satu minyak atsiri yang menyumbangkan devisa bagi negara. Komponen utama dalam minyak adalah Patchouli Alkohol (PA). Salah satu parameter yang menentukan kualitas minyak nilam adalah kadar PA. Semakin tinggi kadar PA maka kualitasnya semakin baik dan harganya semakin tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memprediksi kadar PA minyak nilam Aceh hasil fraksinasi dengan cepat dan tepat menggunakan teknologi NIRS dengan metode partial least square regression (PLSR) menggunakan pretreatment Mean Normalization (MN). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PLSR mampu memprediksi kadar patchouli alkohol dengan menghasilkan model yang tergolong good prediction accuracy. Prediksi model akurasi terbaik dari perlakuan pretreatment MN dengan hasil dengan latent variable 5, nilai residual predictive deviation (RPD) sebesar 2,71, nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,85, nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,92, nilai root mean square error calibration (RMSEC) sebesar 4,28.Estimation of Patchouli Alcohol Content in Variation of Patchouli Oil Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Technology with Partial Least Square Regression MethodAbstract. Patchouli oil is one type of essential oils that protects foreign exchange for the country. The main component in the oil is Patchouli Alcohol (PA). One of the parameters that determine the quality of patchouli oil is the PA content. The higher the PA content, the better the quality and the higher the price. The purpose of this study was to predict the PA content of fractionated Aceh patchouli oil quickly and precisely using NIRS technology with the partial least square regression (PLSR) method using Mean Normalization (MN) pretreatment. The results showed that PLSR was able to predict patchouli alcohol levels by producing a model that was classified as having good predictive accuracy. The best accuracy prediction model of the MN pretreatment handling with results with a latent variable of 5, the residual predictive deviation (RPD) value about 2,71, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0,85, correlation coefficient (r) 0,92, and the value root mean square error calibration (RMSEC) of 4,28.
Growth and development patterns in Mustard (Brassica spp.) as influenced by sowing time
Authors: Chowhan Sushan , Islam Majharul , Rana Md. Shohel , Khan Nazmul Alam , Jahan Ali Md. Khan , Ahmed Nasir Uddin , Rahman Md. Moshiur 
Published: May 2023

Mustard is Bangladesh's leading oil crop, produced only during the winter (rabi) season. The sowing date is a key factor determining mustard's optimum growth and development. Because of global warming, gradual changes in season and weather parameters over time is creating a challenge in mustard cultivation. Thus, the present investigation assessed the role of different planting dates on several modern mustard varieties to disclose the optimum growth indicators necessary for elevated biological yield (BY) and harvest index (HI). Three planting times, viz. 31st October (D1), 10th November (D2), 20th November (D3) and six varieties viz. Binasarisha-4 (V1), Binasarisha-9 (V2), Binasarisha-10 (V3), BARI Sarisha-14 (V4), BARI Sarisha-16 (V5), BARI Sarisha-17 (V6) were put on a replicated factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) during rabi 2019 at BINA Sub-station farm, Magura. At the final harvest stage, outcomes depicted that highest and lowest total dry mass (g/plant) was produced by treatment D3× V5 (64.03) and D1× V1 (15.34), maximum and minimum absolute growth rate (mg/plant/day) by D1× V5 (2389.10) and D2× V1 (184.50), most and least relative growth rate (mg/g/day) in D1× V4 (53.34) and D2× V1 (3.55), maximum and least crop growth rate (g/m2/day) with D1× V3 (55.60) and D3× V4 (20.04). BY was the peak (8.13, 8.71, 8.77 t/ha) under all plantings (D1, D2, D3) with V5 variety, but HI (44.96%) was most in variety V4 with D2 sowing. Therefore, correlation studies showed a significant positive relationship between biological yield and harvest index. Overall, BARI Sarisha-16 performed well in all three sowing times, and remarkably, BY was rising with delayed planting in the case of Binasarisha-9, Binasarisha-10, and BARI Sarisha-14. This implies that delayed planting might not hamper yield but boost yield to some extent.
Contraceptive efficacy and antioxidant potential of Leptadenia reticulata bark extracts in male albino rats
Authors: Kanwar Nisha , Thakur Ravindra Singh , Saran Ram Prakash , Purohit Ashok 
Published: May 2023

Birth control measures available are primarily for women which are hormonal supplements that are increasing cancer risks and reproductive health issues. Male contraceptive options are effective and available, i.e. barrier methods and vasectomy. Condoms are failure-prone and single-use, while a vasectomy is a permanent sterilization method done surgically, and reversion is not always successful and expensive. A promising oral male contraceptive drug candidate is yet to be discovered. This study investigated the contraceptive efficacy and antioxidant potential of various extracts of Leptadenia reticulata bark in male rats. To study the effects of various extracts (ethanolic and petroleum ether) of L. reticulata bark in male rats, oral administration at the dose level of 250 mg/kg body weight/ day was done for 60 days. Observations were made for body and organ weight, hematology, serum biochemical chemistry, testosterone and antioxidants, lipid profile, sperm parameters (density and motility) and histological changes (reproductive organs). As compared to control in treated groups (TP and bark petroleum ether extract), a significant reduction (P ≤ 0.001) was perceived in sperm motility and density, as well as reproductive organ weight, serum testosterone, and serum antioxidant parameters like SOD. Histological observations revealed arrest in spermatogenesis and reduced seminiferous tubule diameter, mature Leydig cells, secondary spermatogonia, and spermatids which caused a substantial increase in LPO and GSH. From the research findings, it can be concluded that bark petroleum ether extract of L. reticulata possesses contraceptive potential in male albino rats and can serve as a safe and reversible oral contraceptive for males.
The Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Haematococcus pluvialis Biomass Concentration
Authors: Mahendran Manishaa Sri , Wong Ling Shing , Antony Dhanapal Anto Cordelia Tanislaus , Djearamane Sinouvassane 
Published: May 2023

The increased release of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) into the aquatic ecosystem is caused by the augmented utilization of nanoparticles in personal care and household products. This has resulted in the contamination of marine, aquatic, and ground water resources, causing adverse impacts on the biota and flora, both in vivo and in vitro. The main purpose of this research was to examine the negative impacts of TiO2 NPs on the bioaccumulation of Haematococcus pluvialis. The interaction and buildup of TiO2 NPs on H. pluvialis were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The exposure of H. pluvialis to TiO2 NPs with increasing concentrations (5–100 μg/mL) and time intervals (24 h to 96 h) impacted the biomass concentration of the microalgae. The SEM images provided evidence of changes in characteristics and impairment of the exterior of exposed cells. The findings revealed that the exposure of H. pluvialis to TiO2 NPs resulted in a decline in biomass, which was dependent on the concentration and duration of exposure. The most severe adverse effects were observed after 96 hours of exposure, with a reduction of 43.29 ± 2.02% of biomass concentration. This study has demonstrated that TiO2 NPs harm H. pluvialis, as evidenced by the negative impact on algal biomass resulting from the binding and buildup of these particles on microalga H. pluvialis. To sum up, the decline in algal growth is caused by the accumulation and interaction of TiO2 NPs on microalgae scoring the adverse effects on the growth of H. pluvialis by TiO2 NPs. The findings of this study call for novel screening methods to detect and eliminate TiO2 NPs contamination in aquatic sources used for the cultivation of microalgae which may otherwise pose delirious effects to the consumers.
UM ESTUDO APLICADO DE PARALELISMO E ÂNGULOS POR MEIO DO GOOGLE MEET
Authors: Macedo Shirley da Silva 
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho configura-se com uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica sobre as políticas públicas orientadoras de currículo, elaboradas a partir da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN) 9.394/1996 que regem a Educação Básica. Consideramos a com ênfase na geometria, bem como as concepções e práticas de alguns pesquisadores da educação matemática e ambiental para fundamentar as construções de atividades sobre paralelismo e ângulos. Expomos uma aplicação de atividades sobre paralelismo e ângulos construídas com materiais recicláveis fazendo uso da tecnologia digital Google Meet. O público-alvo foi um grupo de alunos do sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental de escola da cidade de João Monlevade-MG. Os focos de análise evidenciam uma proximidade entre entendimentos e práticas na proposição da contextualização.
Trapping Lalat Buah berbasis Area Wide Pest Management di Perkebunan Jambu Air desa Menawan Kudus
Authors: Wisuda Nova Laili , Ariyanto Shodiq Eko 
Published: May 2023

<p>Desa Menawan termasuk wilayah Kecamatan Gebog, Kabupaten Kudus, merupakan daerah sentra tanaman hortikultura seperti jambu citra. Faktor pembatas produksi jambu air adalah serangan hama dan penyakit, dengan hama dominan adalah lalat buah dan hama minornya adalah penggerek moncong. Pengendalian hama berbasis AWPM (<em>Area Wide Pest Management</em>) merupakan kegiatan pengendalian hama sekala luas dengan memperhitungkan hamparan ekologis suatu wilayah. Solusi pemecahan masalah mitra dengan menggunakan<em> trapping </em>Lynfield menggunakan atraktan metil eugenol dan berbasis AWPM. Mitra akan berperan aktif selama program berlangsung, metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dengan pegangan modul bergambar, percontohan dan demo plot pada kebun jambu citra. Hasil dari program adalah mitra puas dan mengharapkan keberlanjutan program lain untuk keberlanjutan penerapan AWPM.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> jambu citra; hama; AWPM; <em>trapping Lynfield</em></p>
Custom 3D-Printed Implants for Acetabular Reconstruction
Authors: Di Laura Anna , Henckel Johann , Hart Alister 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The management of massive acetabular defects at the time of revision hip surgery is challenging. Severe pelvic bone loss and the heterogeneity and quality of the remaining bone stock can compromise the fixation and mechanical stability of the implant.

Methods:
We reviewed a database of consecutive patients who had undergone acetabular reconstruction with the use of a custom 3D-printed implant with a dual-mobility bearing for the treatment of Paprosky type-3B defects between 2016 and 2019. Functional and radiological outcomes were assessed.

Results:
A total of 26 patients (17 women and 9 men) with a minimum follow-up of 36 months (median, 53 months; range, 36 to 77 months) were identified. The median age at surgery was 69 years (range, 49 to 90 years), and 4 patients had pelvic discontinuity. The cumulative implant survivorship was 100%. The median Oxford Hip Score improved significantly from 8 (range, 2 to 21) preoperatively to 32 (range, 14 to 47) postoperatively (p = 0.0001). One patient had a transient sciatic nerve palsy, 1 hip dislocated 6 months postoperatively and was managed nonoperatively, and 1 infection recurred. No patient had a fracture. Radiographic evaluation showed bone ingrowth at the bone-implant interface in 24 patients (92%) at ≥12 months of follow-up and showed no evidence of implant loosening or migration at the latest follow-up (3 to 6 years).

Conclusions:
Excellent functional improvement, implant survivorship, and osseointegration were recorded in the patient cohort. Accurate preoperative planning and the adoption of custom 3D-printed implants showed promising results in complex revision hip surgery.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Improved Model for Predicting the Productivity of Multi-Fractured Shale Wells. TMS and EFS Field Data as Case Studies
Authors: Fadairo Adesina Samson , Egenhoff Sven , Adeyemi Gbadegesin Abiodun , Ling Kegang , Tomomewo Olusegun Stanley , Oladepo Adebowale David , Oni Opeyemi , Nwaokwu Richmond Nduka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multi-fractured horizontal wells have been an admirable completion technique for unconventional resources such as in Tuscaloosa Marine shale (TMS) and Eagle Ford Shale (EFS) plays located in the United States. Studies have shown that the productivity of multi-fractured wells of these two shale plays are majorly based on the fracture conductivity, which may be dependent on the type of the geometrical shape of the fractures connecting the fluid to the well. A reliable model is desirable to the operator to accurately capture the productivity of multi-fractured shale wells. Several mathematical models have been adopted with various assumptions that include simple slot geometry for fracture shape in the derivation of production rate models. These assumptions significantly simplify the existing model's applications but limit the efficiency of the models to accurately predict the fluid production rate.
Failure to utilize an elliptical fracture shape and a correct drive mechanism-based model for analyzing flow rate have been considered as a vital reason for the disparity between the calculated results by the past investigators and the exact values obtained from TMS and EFS field measurements. In this study, an elliptical model based on the fracture geometry has been derived to analyze the productivity of multi-fractured shale wells considering the accurate drive mechanism for the shale play. The model validation has been achieved using field data from the Tuscaloosa Marine shale (TMS) and the Eagle Ford Shale (EFS) plays. The results generated from the newly improved model resulted in more accurate outcomes when compared with results presented by Yang and Guo (2019) and Guo and Schechter (1997); all these authors assumed the cross-sectional area of the induced fractures as being a slot showed nonconformity using real life values from the Tuscaloosa Marine shale (TMS) and the Eagle Ford Shale (EFS) plays as benchmarks. The newly improved model reduces the prediction percentage error to 0.55% and 0.43% compared to the percentage error reported by Yang and Guo (2019) as 9.1% and 3.5% and by Guo and Schechter (1997) respectively as 29.7% and 47.2 % using the actual oilfield results as their benchmark. The accurate prediction of the long-term productivity of multi-fractured oil shale depends on the ability to determine fracture geometry and the drive mechanisms that dominantly control flow in the shale play considered. Sample calculations of flow rate of the two fields considered and the controllable parameters influencing the flow rate have also been identified. The study would serve as a tool for accurate assessment of flow rate in multi-fractured wells of shale plays and analyzes its performance.
The Investigation of Workover Rig Scheduling Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms – Part I
Authors: Popa Andrei , Bloomquist Carl , Marghitoiu Sorin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Well intervention for restoring or increasing production is a routine activity in any oilfield, however, it becomes an optimization opportunity for large fields with thousands of wells and high failure rate. Balancing between proactive and reactive workovers to optimize the rig schedule is a complex decision that requires a compelling objective function. Most of the time the decision is driven by economics, which are estimated from the well production potential. But there are other factors that can lead to different drivers or decisions outside of pure economics such as the duration of rig travel, uncertain duration of the job, and the "lost-oil" during the time the well is "down".
The study investigates the application of evolutionary computation techniques, in particular the use of genetic algorithms for the complex task of well workover rig scheduling. It addresses the case of large fields with a high level of activity, sizable number of failures, healthy list of well backlog, and a large number of active workover rigs. This specific scenario is common in large waterflooding and heavy oil fields.
The research explores the application of the "Traveling Salesman" optimization problem for scheduling using genetic algorithms and contrasts the new approach with a classic manual workflow to discuss its advantages and value creation.
Lastly, it should be noted that this work is still ongoing research and while the results are promising, the complexity of the task, still demands additional study. At this point, the authors believe that there is not "one" single objective function representation for this complex task and encourage researchers to explore what is the best fit for their specific operations.