bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot evaluation of the role of a children’s wellbeing practitioner (CWP) in a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS)
Authors: Turnbull Michael , Kirk Hayley , Lincoln Michealla , Peacock Sarah , Howey Lynne 
Published: April 2023

Background In 2017, the Children and Young People’s Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (CYP-IAPT) project was extended to deliver low-intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), delivered by Children’s Wellbeing Practitioners (CWPs), but to date evaluation is sparse. Aims To evaluate low-intensity interventions delivered by trainee CWPs for the treatment of anxiety and depression in a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS). Method The evaluation adopted a quantitative, within-subjects, cross-sectional design. The outcome measures of 98 service users aged 8–17 years were included in the evaluation. Service users were children and young people accessing CAMHS in the North East of England. Outcome measures included the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-47) and Goal Based Outcomes (GBOs). Descriptive data relating to the types of interventions used and outcomes following CWP involvement were also explored. Results Analysis of pre and post intervention data highlighted significant reduction in symptomatology across all RCADS subscales and composite total scales, and significant goal progress as measures by GBO’s. Effect sizes ranged from moderate to large ( d = 0.75 – 0.90) across all subscales of the RCADS. Large effect sizes were found for depression, total anxiety and total RCADS scores ( d = 0.86, d = 1.12, d = 1.14), and GBOs ( d = −1.33). Conclusions Findings support the potential value of low intensity CBT interventions delivered by CWPs in reducing anxiety and depression in this population. Recommendations for the development of the CWP role and CWP services are discussed.
Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections for Anthracyclines-induced Cardiotoxicity: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Li Chenchen , Zheng Yuling , Niu Dong , Zhu Ranpei , Yan Xiaoyu , Qu Haoran , Zhang Yaling 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections, as a relatively safe and low-cost treatment, have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity in China. However, the quality of the relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in recent years is uneven, so that the effectiveness and safety of TCM injections in preventing and treating anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity remain to be discussed. A systematic overview is therefore needed to provide a more advanced evidentiary reference for clinical practice. Methods: Eight Chinese and English databases were searched by computer to screen the meta-analyses/systematic reviews on the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injections for the prevention and treatment of anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity from the database establishment to October 2022. The methodological quality and evidence quality of outcome indicators included in the study were evaluated by AMSTAR 2 tool, PRISMA statement and GRADE classification. Results: A total of 7 articles were included in the study. The quality evaluation of AMSTAR 2 showed that 7 studies were extremely low-level; PRISMA stated that the evaluation results showed that the reports of 7 studies were of intermediate quality; The GRADE rating indicated that most of the evidence was of low quality. Conclusion: The methodological quality and evidence quality of meta-analysis/system evaluation concerning the prevention and treatment of anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity by Chinese medicine are currently low, and the effectiveness of Chinese medicine in the treatment of anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity needs more high-quality evidence-based evidence.
Design and Early Evaluation of a Device to Improve the Sharp Count Process in Operating Rooms
Authors: Oliveira Mariana , e Silva Gabriel Delage , Zancul Eduardo 
Published: April 2023

Need Counting surgical sharps in surgeries mitigates the risk of retained surgical items in patients. Current procedures rely on manual counts throughout and at the end of each surgery. The manual count is lengthy, burdensome, and carries the risk of injuries. Technical solution This paper presents the design and early evaluation of a technology aid to automatize the sharps’ counting process; it is composed of a shell holding a set of optical sensors that count needles that pass through the shell’s top slot. Proof of concept The device was tested with needles originating from 20 surgeries. Users surveyed reported a decrease in counting time and perceived injury risk. The average count error was 4.4%, indicating the need to continue advancing the technology. Next steps The counting technology needs to be refined to increase accuracy, and a user guide for the equipment must be prepared. Thereafter, a new set of trials must be performed. Conclusion Our work provides a detailed requirements list for developing a technology aid to improve the needle count process and investigates one possible technological route to address this problem.
Digital Health Solutions for Community-Based Control of Diabetes During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Implementation Outcomes
Authors: Haregu Tilahun , Delobelle Peter , Issaka Ayuba , Shrestha Abha , Panniyammakal Jeemon , Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman , Parasuraman Ganeshkumar , Schouw Darcelle , Ramalingam Archana , Cao Yingting , Levitt Naomi , Oldenburg Brian 
Published: April 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has added to the pre-existing challenges of diabetes management in many countries. It has accelerated the wider use of digital health solutions which have tremendous potential to improve health outcomes for people with diabetes. However, little is known about the attributes and the implementation of these solutions. Objective: To identify and describe digital health solutions for community-based diabetes management and to highlight their key implementation outcomes. Methods: We searched Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for relevant articles. A purposive search was also used to identify grey literature. Articles that described digital health solutions that aimed to improve community-based diabetes management were included in this review. We applied a thematic synthesis of evidence to describe the characteristics of digital health solutions, and to summarize their key implementation outcomes. Results: We included 15 articles that reported digital health solutions that primarily focused on community-based diabetes management. Nine of the 15 innovations involved were mobile applications and/or web-based platforms, and five were based on social media platforms. The majority of the digital health solutions were used for diabetes education and support. High engagement, utilization, and satisfaction rates with digital health solutions were observed. The use of digital health solutions was also associated with improvement in self-management, taking medication, and reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Conclusion: COVID-19 triggered digital health solutions have tremendous potential to improve health outcomes for people with diabetes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the sustainability and scale-up of these solutions.
Influences on Lung Cancer Screening Initiation and Retention in Rural Alabama
Authors: Copeland Amy , Levy Kathy , Hardy Claudia M. , King Jennifer C. , Rigney Maureen 
Published: April 2023

Introduction/Objectives: Despite the introduction of lung cancer screening using low dose computed tomography (LDCT), overall screening rates in the U.S. remain low, with certain populations including Black and rural communities experiencing additional disparities. The primary objective of this study was to understand the facilitators of lung cancer screening initiation and retention in Alabama reported by people at risk from mostly rural, mostly Black populations in Jefferson County—including the urban center of Birmingham—and 6 rural counties: Choctaw, Dallas, Greene, Hale, Marengo, and Sumter. Methods: We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with 58 people who underwent lung cancer screening between December 2019 and January 2022. Participant responses were recorded by the interviewer for analysis. Open-ended responses were coded to identify emergent themes. Results: The most reported influences to initiate screening were information or suggestion from a Community Health Advisor (CHAs) or the supervising county coordinator, suggestion from a friend, or consideration of a personal history of smoking. Most participants reported multiple influences. Physicians were not very influential in decisions to initiate screening, but they were extremely influential in participants’ intent to continue screening, both positively and negatively. Knowing the recommended timeline for their annual scans was also a predictor of intention to continue screening. Participants screened during the COVID-19 state of emergency expressed less certainty about dates of next scans and more ambivalence about intention to continue screening. Conclusions: This study shows the benefit of using multiple methods to support increased awareness of and interest in lung cancer screening, particularly when educational messaging through CHAs is used. Clear guideline-based messages from healthcare providers about recommended screening is important for increasing retention. COVID-19 related implementation challenges impacted screening recruitment and retention. Future research is warranted to further explore use of CHAs in lung cancer screening.
Vision impairment, hearing impairment and functional Limitations of subjective cognitive decline: a population-based study
Authors: Guo Ruirui , Li Xiaotong , Sun Mengzi , Wang Yuxiang , Wang Xuhan , Li Jing , Xie Zechun , Yao Nan , Yang Yixue , Li Bo , Jin Lina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The association between sensory impairment including vision impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), dual impairment (DI) and the functional limitations of SCD (SCD-related FL) are still unclear in middle-aged and older people.

Methods
162,083 participants from BRFSS in 2019 to 2020 was used in this cross-sectional study. After adjusting the weights, multiple logistic regression was used to study the relationship between sensory impairment and SCD or SCD-related FL. In addition, we performed subgroup analysis on the basis of interaction between sensory impairment and covariates.

Results
Participants who reported sensory impairment were more likely to report SCD or SCD-related FL compared to those without sensory impairment (p < 0.001). The association between dual impairment and SCD-related FL was the strongest, the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were [HI, 2.88 (2.41, 3.43); VI, 3.15(2.61, 3.81); DI, 6.78(5.43, 8.47)] respectively. In addition, subgroup analysis showed that men with sensory impairment were more likely to report SCD-related FL than women, the aORs and 95% CI were [HI, 3.15(2.48, 3.99) vs2.69(2.09, 3.46); VI,3.67(2.79, 4.83) vs. 2.86(2.22, 3.70); DI, 9.07(6.67, 12.35) vs. 5.03(3.72, 6.81)] respectively. The subject of married with dual impairment had a stronger association with SCD-related FL than unmarried subjects the aOR and 95% CI was [9.58(6.69, 13.71) vs. 5.33(4.14, 6.87)].

Conclusions
Sensory impairment was strongly associated with SCD and SCD-related FL. Individuals with dual impairment had the greatest possibility to reported SCD-related FL, and the association was stronger for men or married subjects than other subjects.
Omadacycline for treatment of acute bacterial infections: a meta-analysis of phase II/III trials
Authors: Lin Fei , He Rong , Yu Bin , Deng Bowen , Ling Baodong , Yuan Mingyong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of omadacycline for the treatment of acute bacterial infections.

Methods
A search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials was conducted up to July 1, 2022. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in which omadacycline and other antibiotics were evaluated for treating acute bacterial infections in adults. The primary outcomes were clinical response and microbiological response, whereas the secondary outcome was the risk of adverse events (AEs).

Results
A total of seven RCTs involving 2841 patients with acute bacterial infection were included. Overall, our study illustrated that the clinical cure ratio of omadacycline was similar to the comparators in the treatment of acute bacterial infections (OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 0.96, 1.46, I2 = 29%). Omadacycline had a microbiological eradication rate similar to comparators in the treatment of acute bacterial infections (OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.81, 1.29, I2 = 42%). No statistical differences were observed between omadacycline and the comparators in terms of infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 0.80, 1.63, I2 = 0%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 0.73, 2.24, I2 = 0%), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA, OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 0.69, 1.81, I2 = 0%), and Enterococcus faecalis (OR = 2.47, 95%CI = 0.36, 16.97, I2 = 7%). A significant difference was found between omadacycline and the comparators for the risk of any AEs and treatment related AEs. The risk of discontinuation of the study drug due to an AEs was lower for omadacycline than for the comparators.

Conclusion
Omadacycline is as good as comparators in terms of efficacy and tolerance in the treatment of acute bacterial infections in adult patients. Thus, omadacycline is an appropriate option for antibiotic therapy in adult patients with acute bacterial infections.
Cost-effectiveness of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy for women with subfertility in China: an economic evaluation using evidence from the CESE-PGS trial
Authors: He Xuan , Wang Xiao , Shen Jiaojie , Wan Bin , Wang Yingpeng , Zhang Zhuolin , Cai Lele , Bao Yuwen , Ding Haixia , Li Xin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are a large number of infertile couples in China, but its treatment is notoriously expensive and not currently covered by insurance. The utility of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy as an adjunct to in vitro fertilization has been debated.ObjectiveTo investigate the cost-effectiveness of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) versus conventional technology in in vitro fertilization (IVF) from the perspective of the healthcare system in China.MethodsFollowing the exact steps in the IVF protocol, a decision tree model was developed, based on the data from the CESE-PGS trial and using cost scenarios for IVF in China. The scenarios were compared for costs per patient and cost-effectiveness. One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed to confirm the robustness of the findings.Main outcome measuresCosts per live birth, Costs per patient, Incremental cost-effectiveness for miscarriage prevention.ResultsThe average costs per live birth of PGT-A were estimated as ¥39230.71, which is about 16.8% higher than that of the conventional treatment. Threshold analysis revealed that PGT-A would need to increase the pregnancy rate of 26.24–98.24% or a cost reduction of ¥4649.29 to ¥1350.71 to achieve the same cost-effectiveness. The incremental costs per prevented miscarriage was approximately ¥45600.23. The incremental cost-effectiveness for miscarriage prevention showed that the willingness to pay would be ¥43422.60 for PGT-A to be cost-effective.ConclusionThe present cost-effectiveness analysis demonstrates that embryo selection with PGT‑A is not suitable for routine applications from the perspective of healthcare providers in China, given the cumulative live birth rate and the high costs of PGT‑A.
Children with autism show differences in the gut DNA virome compared to non-autistic children: a case control study
Authors: Qu Aina , Duan Boyang , Wang Yue , Cui Zhenzhen , Zhang Nuochen , Wu De 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Several previous studies have identified a potential role that the gut microbiome can play in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children, but little is known about how variations in the virome may be involved in ASD. We aimed to understand the changes in the gut DNA virome of children with ASD.

Methods
A case–control study was presented, in which 13 two-children families were observed while considering the age, mode of birth, history of antibiotic use, and vaccination history to minimize the influence of confounding factors. DNA viral metagenomic sequencing was successfully performed on stool samples from 11 children with ASD and 12 healthy non-ASD children. The basic composition and gene function of the participants' fecal DNA virome were detected and analyzed. Finally, the abundance and diversity of the DNA virome of children with ASD and their healthy siblings were compared.

Results
The gut DNA virome in children aged 3–11 years was found to be dominated by the Siphoviridae family of Caudovirales. The proteins encoded by the DNA genes mainly carry out the functions of genetic information transmission and metabolism. Compared the gut DNA virome of ASD and healthy non-ASD children, their abundance of Caudovirales and Petitvirales both showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.902, P < 0.01), there was no statistically significant difference in the relative abundance of viruses at the order and family levels, and a difference in the relative abundance at the genus level for Skunavirus (Ζ = -2.157, P = 0.031). Viral α diversity was reduced in children with ASD, but α diversity and β diversity did not differ statistically between groups.

Conclusions
This study indicates that elevated Skunavirus abundance and decreased α diversity in the gut DNA virulence group of children with ASD, but no statistically significant difference in the change in alpha and beta diversity. This provides preliminary cumulative information on virological aspects of the relationship between the microbiome and ASD, and should benefit future multi-omics and large sample studies on the gut microbes in children with ASD.
The association between combustible/electronic cigarette use and stroke based on national health and nutrition examination survey
Authors: Shi Jing , Xiong Lijun , Guo Jun , Yang Yan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims
This study aims to analyze the association between combustible/electronic cigarettes and the risk of stroke.

Methods
We obtained data from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The stroke history and combustible/electronic cigarette use were acquired by questionnaires. Considering the sole or dual use of combustible cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), we divided all the individuals into four subgroups, including nonsmokers (reference group), sole combustible cigarette, sole e-cigarette, and dual use of both combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes. We performed multivariable logistic regression to determine the association between cigarette use with the prevalence of stroke. We used odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to show the effect size. Finally, we developed a prediction model to evaluate the risk of stroke for individuals with combustible or electronic cigarette use based on a random forest model.

Results
We included a total of 4022 participants in the study. The median age was 55, and 48.3% of the participants were males. When we adjusted for age, gender, education attainment, race, total-to-HDL cholesterol (< 5.9 or ≥ 5.9), diabetes, hypertension, and alcohol consumption, the groups of sole e-cigarette use, sole combustible cigarette use, and dual use of combustible and electronic cigarettes were significantly associated with the prevalence of stroke with ORs (with 95%CI) of 2.07 (1.04–3.81), 2.36 (1.52–3.59), 2.34 (1.44–3.68), respectively. In the testing set, the AUC was 0.74 (95%CI = 0.65–0.84), sensitivity was 0.68, and specificity was 0.75.

Conclusion
Sole e-cigarettes and dual use of e-cigarettes with combustible cigarettes might increase the risk of stroke.
Burden of smoking on disease-specific mortality, DALYs, costs: the case of a high-income European country
Authors: Farcher Renato , Syleouni Maria Eleni , Vinci Linda , Mattli Renato 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic diseases causing early death and disability. Smoking prevalence over the past 25 years has remained high in Switzerland. Evidence about the burden of disease and cost of illness attributable to smoking can support tobacco control. The aim of the present paper is to quantify from a societal perspective the mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), medical costs and productivity losses attributable to smoking in Switzerland in 2017.

Methods
Smoking attributable fractions (SAFs) were calculated based on the prevalence of current and former active smoking in the latest Swiss Health Survey from 2017 and relative risks from the literature. The SAFs were then multiplied with the number of deaths, DALYs, medical costs and productivity losses in the total population.

Results
In the Swiss population in 2017 smoking accounted for 14.4% of all deaths, for 29.2% of the deaths due to smoking-related diseases, 36.0% of the DALYs, 27.8% of the medical costs and 27.9% of productivity losses. Total costs amounted to CHF 5.0 billion which equals CHF 604 per capita per year. The highest disease burden in terms of mortality and DALYs attributable to smoking was observed for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whereas the highest cost of illness in terms of medical costs was observed for coronary heart diseases and lung cancer and in terms of productivity losses for COPD and coronary heart diseases. Sex and age group differences were found.

Conclusions
We provide an estimate of the burden of smoking on disease-specific mortality, DALYs, medical costs and productivity losses in Switzerland that could be prevented through evidence-based tobacco prevention and control policies as well as regular monitoring of tobacco consumption.