bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pojęcie i teoria elity, elityzm a elitaryzm
Authors: Żyromski Marek 
Published: January 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Elitaryzm to pogląd wskazujący, iż pewne osoby czy całe grupy społeczne (czyli właśnie elity) powinny zajmować szczególnie eksponowane miejsce w społeczeństwie, a zwłaszcza pełnić funkcje kierownicze w systemie politycznym – dzięki posiadanym (autentycznie lub chociaż rzekomo) przez ich członków szczególnym cechom (takim jak inteligencja, wykształcenie, urodzenie itd.). Natomiast elityzm to stwierdzenie obiektywnego faktu, iż określone osoby, grupy czy inne struktury zajmują określone miejsce w państwie czy społeczeństwie.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Teoria elity narodziła się w końcu wieku XIX we Włoszech. Włoscy „ojcowie założyciele” teorii elity to Gaetano Mosca, Vilfredo Pareto oraz Robert Michels. Następnie H.D. Lasswell zapoczątkował badania porównawcze nad elitami. Polemika pomiędzy C.W. Millsem a R. Dahlem pokazała, iż ten sam materiał empiryczny może prowadzić do odmiennych konkluzji. Neofunkcjonalny paradygmat elitystyczny traktuje cechy elity jako kryterium klasyfikacji systemów demokratycznych.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Pomimo już prawie półtora stulecia funkcjonowania myśli elitystycznej badacze nie są zgodni, czy elitę społeczną działającą w danym państwie należy postrzegać jako zbiór elit szczegółowych (np. politycznej, ekonomicznej, artystycznej itd.), czy też raczej mamy do czynienia z jedną spójną grupą elitarną.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Podstawowy wniosek wskazuje na pewną cykliczną ewolucję teorii elity. Teoria elity, która wyrosła z głębokiej niechęci w stosunku do ustroju demokracji przedstawicielskiej, stopniowo i w wyniku długiej ewolucji do demokracji wróciła. Teoria elity stała się nieco bardziej demokratyczna (jak neofunkcjonalny paradygmat elitystyczny), a teoria demokracji nieco bardziej elitystyczna.
Konflikt i konsens – dwie wizje polityki
Authors: Pawłowska Agnieszka 
Published: January 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Polityka jako konflikt to ciągła walka między podmiotami politycznymi o odmiennych celach i światopoglądach oraz kwestionowanie istniejących systemów normatywnych. Konsens polityczny to porozumienie między aktorami politycznymi co do kierunków i zasad polityki i oraz sposobu rozstrzygania sporów politycznych.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Polityka jako konsens odwołuje się do tez podejścia strukturalno-funkcjonalnego, podczas gdy jej interpretacja jako pola konfliktu odnosi się do socjologicznej teorii konfliktu.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Konflikt i konsens są kategoriami konstytuującymi i różnicującymi pojęcia i odpowiadające im zjawiska: demokracji, władzy, elit politycznych, systemów politycznych i stosunków międzynarodowych.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Na konsensie politycznym opierają się współczesne demokracje oraz międzynarodowe systemy współpracy i bezpieczeństwa. Do polityki jako konfliktu odwołują się ugrupowania populistyczne.
Kajian Frieze Group pada Bangunan Masjid Raya Skheikh Zayed Solo
Authors: Putri Dwi Amalia , Husein Ragil Muhammad , Lestari Sekar Dewi , Azka Raekha 
Published: January 2025

Masjid Raya Sheikh Zayed Solo merupakan sebuah bangunan masjid megah yang menjadi simbol persahabatan antara Uni Emirat Arab dan Indonesia. Bangunan ini memiliki arsitektur Islam modern dengan ornamen-ornamen yang mencerminkan perpaduan antara arsitektur khas Timur Tengah dan budaya Indonesia. Selain itu, ornamen-ornamen yang ada di masjid ini juga memiliki unsur-unsur matematika seperti geometri bangun datar dan transformasi seperti refleksi, rotasi, dilatasi, dan translasi, yang terdapat dalam materi frieze group di ilmu matematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi pola-pola ornamen yang ada di Masjid Raya Sheikh Zayed Solo berdasarkan frieze group. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dalam metode kualitatif, peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen utama dan tidak dapat digantikan oleh pihak lain. Metode pengumpulan data melibatkan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Peneliti melakukan analisis data dengan mengidentifikasi ornamen-ornamen yang ada dan mengklasifikasikan pola geometris yang terdapat dalam setiap ornamen. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa identifikasi pola ornamen yang ada di Masjid Raya Sheikh Zayed Solo berdasarkan konsep frieze group menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima tipe frieze yang ditemukan yaitu F1, F2, E3, F6, dan F7. Namun, tidak semua ornamen yang memiliki pola simetri pada masjid tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam salah satu dari tujuh tipe frieze group.
Aspectos éticos nas publicações científicas
Authors: Job Ivone 
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho discute a questão ética na produção científica e acadêmica, analisa situações em que o conflito surge no interior das comunidades científicas entre os atores e repercute em toda a forma de se fazer pesquisas na atualidade. São citados exemplos encontrados na literatura nos diversos aspectos considerados antiéticos: plágio, fabricação e falsificação de dados, não publicação de dados, problemas de autoria e as questões relacionadas aos direitos autorais e condutas antiéticas cometidas pelos revisores/editores das revistas. Ao final, algumas considerações são feitas sobre o tema, entre as quais a de que é necessário discutir o assunto mais abertamente entre alunos, professores, nas escolas e na sociedade em geral, pois, se assim for, certamente muitos casos podem ser evitados.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP JOB SATISFACTION SERTA PENGARUHNYA PADA EMPLOYEE RETENTION
Authors: Tiffany Angelina , Sidharta Helena 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian dilakukan guna memahami pengaruh dari lingkungan fisik yaitu healthy workplace, dan lingkungan non-fisik yaitu talent development dan collaborative culture terhadap job satisfaction. Peneliti juga melanjutkan penelitian pada pengaruh job satisfaction terhadap employee retention pada studi kasus perusahaan PT I di Surabaya. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 88 karyawan PT I di Surabaya melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner berbentuk Google Form disebarkan melalui whatsapp dan juga secara langsung pada karyawan di kantor Head Office. Mayoritas kuesioner diisi oleh karyawan yang telah bekerja pada perusahaan lebih dari 5 tahun. Peneliti menggunakan metode sampling jenuh pada penelitian ini karena sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh populasi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis jalur pada variabel healthy workplace, talent development, dan collaborative culture untuk mengetahui implikasi dari setiap variabel tersebut terhadap job satisfaction. Pada jalur selanjutnya peneliti menguji pengaruh variabel job satisfaction terhadap employee retention. Proses pengolahan data memanfaatkan aplikasi Smart-PLS 3 dengan menggunakan hasil data kuesioner yang diambil sebelumnya. Pada hasil uji analisis jalur ditemukan terdapat komponen fisik yaitu variabel healthy workplace tidak berpengaruh terhadap job satisfaction. Hal tersebut juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang juga patut untuk dipertimbangkan khususnya pada responden tertentu. Namun, berbanding terbalik justru komponen non fisik yaitu variabel collaborative culture dan talent development memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap job satisfaction. Pada jalur selanjutnya ditemukan pengaruh positif signifikan yang tinggi dari job satisfaction terhadap employee retention. Penelitian ini mencerminkan pentingnya job satisfaction yang dipengaruhi oleh 2 variabel mempengaruhi terhadap employee retention pada masa ini. Perusahaan masa kini perlu untuk lebih memperhatikan utamanya perusahaan pada bidang properti di Surabaya.
Addressing Dementia Care Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives From Home Care Workers
Authors: Bell Sue Anne , Kruger Katherine , Ikari Ryoko , Kuhnmuench Christina , Gates Karen , Rosemberg Marie-Anne 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To uncover the barriers, facilitators, and adaptations that affected home care workers' care practices for their clients with dementia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Method
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with home care workers employed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Michigan. Respondent-driven sampling was used to recruit participants who were interviewed using a guide informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework. To identify themes across interviews, the research team combined content analysis with coding software for qualitative data.

Results

Participants (
N
= 34) were predominantly female and ranged in age from 19 to 79 years. From the analyzed transcripts, five themes emerged: (1)
Challenges in Complying With Pandemic Precautions
; (2)
Personal Protective Equipment–Related Disruption in Communication
; (3)
Client Fear and Agitation Exacerbated by Isolation
; (4)
Difficulties Necessitating Increased Patience
; and (5)
Continuation of Pre-Pandemic Holistic Care Practices Facilitating Well-Being
.

Conclusion

Home care workers adapted to meet their clients' health and well-being needs in the face of the demands of the pandemic. This study's findings are critical to informing the development of strategies to support home care workers and people living with dementia during future pandemics. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 51
(3), 29–36.]
Thermal Interface Materials in the HPC Era
Authors: Mackie Andy C. , Jensen Tim , Saums David 
Published: January 2025

The high performance computing (HPC) module market is seeing some enormous simultaneous changes. The compute needs of XPU and tensor processors are causing die area to grow, with higher areal power density, and HBM DRAM stacks are now located immediately adjacent to the processor. The paper will discuss how metallic thermal interface materials are providing the low thermal resistance, high reliability and flexibility for advanced compute modules and systems, in both TIM1 (die-lid), TIM 2 (lid-heatsink) and TIM 0 (1.5) (die to heatsink) applications. Reflowed indium as a TIM1 has a nearly two decade performance record in high volume production, where a combination of CTE matching and very high relative bulk thermal conductivity is highly advantageous. This presentation will discuss the latest developments on indium and other metal alloys as known good solderable solutions that have demonstrated very high bulk thermal conductivity, relative to more common polymer TIMs for TIM1 applications, as well illustrating engineered variations of indium alloys that do not require a solder reflow process, eliminating manufacturing process steps. Discussion also includes metallic TIMs designed for use in TIM0 (TIM1.5) applications with the compression inherent in heat sink attachment with mechanical retention. Novel liquid-metal-based solutions are also under development, and the paper will describe some ways in which gallium alloys are providing ways to resolve some of the conflicting requirements (such as pressure and thinned die and reliability) of emerging applications.
Using Deca’s Adaptive PatterningTM to Win the Chiplet Integration Race with Siemens EDA and ASE
Authors: Gabriel Robin , Kellar Jan , Felton Keith , Gabbitas Ian , Hunt John , Cao Lihong 
Published: January 2025

As the need for chiplet integration becomes more prevalent in industry, the current standard of silicon interposers is not sustainable for broad adoption. Among the top technologies competing in this race are embedded bridge chip structures, chips-last fan-out, and chips first-fan out. Deca’s M-SeriesTM, a fully organic chips-first planar structure, promises a new way to achieve equivalent density to benchmark high density interconnects without the need for the complex structures and processes. Deca Technologies, Siemens EDA, and ASE formed a collaboration to design, verify, build, and perform physical analysis on an M-Series chiplet test vehicle. For this proof of concept, a 10-die chiplet package was designed using Siemens EDA’s Xpedition high density advanced packaging (HDAP) technologies. Siemens EDA’s Calibre was then used to perform verification and signoff. With design, verification and signoff complete, follow up plans are to build a test vehicle with ASE for physical characterization. Deca’s technology has surpassed other fan-out technologies in the chiplet integration race with Adaptive Patterning achieving significantly higher density for both vias and traces while enabling designs with the tightest device bond pad pitch. The planar surface of M-Series enables trace width and spacing of 2 microns and Adaptive Patterning makes possible a smaller copper stud size (competitors add an additional copper layer to increase the size) yielding a 20 micron copper stud pitch. In addition to an 80% reduction in the area required for a set number of copper studs, this technology also provides the highest integrity electrical connections with superior via contact areas. When compared to competing technologies, a 500% increase in via contact area can be achieved for the same bond pad pitch. This test vehicle design proves that Adaptive Patterning provides a compelling solution which surpasses competitors in the chiplet integration race.
Universal IoT Sensor Platform based on a FOWLP RDLfirst Approach
Authors: Braun Tanja , Böttcher Mathias , Schiffer Michael , Pötter Harald , Brockmann Carsten , Becker Karl-Friedrich , Freimund Damian , Schneider-Ramelow Martin 
Published: January 2025

This publication presents the concept and the corresponding packaging solution of a universal IoT sensor platform with a System-on-Chip (SoC) family as central control and computing unit. The platform consists of 4 levels, ranging from the highly integrated SoC, to the mounting option of both housed and unhoused sensors, to the system board, which provides the most common wired and wireless interfaces. The layout for sensor mounting can be adapted to in-dividual customer requirements to meet special requirements for the measurement task. The core technology of the package consists of a mold package in fan-out technology with rewiring of the SoC on the underside to the balling pads and bushings for rewiring on the top for mounting the sensors. The selected platform packaging technology, FOWLP RDLfirst approach, is developed on 300 mm wafer size. A thin-fim redistribution layer (RDL) is built up on a glass carrier as a first process step. The top layer is providing pads for flip assembly of the SoC. Large plated Cu pillars on the RDL will act as through package vias (TPV) for top and bot-tom layer connection. After SoC assembly the RDLfirst wafer is encapsulated by compression molding. Capillary un-derfill (CUF) in combination with an extra overmolding step as well as a molded underfill has been investigated (MUF). Backgrinding of the upper mold layer gives access to the TPVs. A thinfilm based RDLlast on the mold is then providing the routing and connection layer for various sensors. By using maskless laser direct imaging (LDI) the rout-ing can be quickly adapted to different sensors and sensor combinations. After debonding of the carrier from the molded wafer with embedded SoC by laser the seed layer of the BGA pads is etched and solder balls are attached. Sensors are soldered on the singulated packages by standard SMT assembly. In summary the paper will present the platform concept as well as the technology developments with challenges as the warpage evolution during processing. Finally the functional proof of the platform will be also demonstrated.
Enhancing the Punch MLF®/QFN Package for Improved Robustness in Automotive Applications
Authors: Mangrum Marc A. 
Published: January 2025

The MicroLeadFrame® (MLF®)/Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) packaging solution is extremely popular in the semiconductor industry. It is used in applications ranging from consumer electronics and communications to those requiring high reliability performance, such as the automotive industry. The wide acceptance of this packaging design is primarily due to its flexible form factors, size, scalability and thermal dissipation capabilities. The adaptation and acceptance of MLF/QFN packages in automotive high reliability applications has led to the development of materials and processes that have extended its capabilities to meet the performance and quality requirements. One such development that is enabling the success of the punch MLF format within the automotive industry is a package enhancement known as Edge Protection Technology (EPT™). A long-standing concern with the punch form factor of MLF packaging solutions has been the tendency of the exposed corners and top edge flange areas to be cracked during handling, electrical test operations, shipping and surface mount technology (SMT) printed circuit board (PCB) assembly. To resolve this issue, EPT was introduced to improve the robustness of the package by extending the molding compound to encapsulate the exposed edge areas of the singulated package top flange and corners. This presentation will review the need for and detail the benefits of using the Edge Protection Technology to enhance the robustness of the punch format by minimizing the possibility of creating micro gaps or cracks as may occur during manufacturing processes and/or post package singulation handling such as shipping and ATE testing.
Early Esophagogram and Esophagoscopy: Evaluating Anastomotic Integrity in Successfully Treated Type 3 Esophageal Atresia Survivors
Authors: Pai Nitin G. , Sengar Mamta , Gupta Chhabi Ranu , Khan Niyaz Ahmed , Mohta Anup 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Anastomotic narrowing post-Type 3 esophageal atresia (EA) primary repair has been linked to life-threatening respiratory complications and failure to thrive during infancy. It becomes important to find some method to ensure anastomotic adequacy in these patients. We in the study here aimed to find the role of follow-up esophagogram and esophagoscopy in detecting anastomotic stricture (AS) in the early stage and to find whether these help in reducing the morbidity in these patients.

Materials and Methods:
Neonates with EA Type 3, who were successfully managed with primary anastomosis were prospectively enrolled and followed up in the study. Irrespective of symptoms, contrast esophagography and esophagoscopy were performed at the age of 2–4 months. Those with AS on endoscopy were followed for the need of dilatations required, respiratory complications, and failure to thrive if any.

Results:
Out of 64 patients, 32 patients could be followed up till the completion of the study. An esophagogram conducted at 2 months of age revealed significant dye retention in 10 patients, esophageal narrowing in two patients, and normal results in the remaining 18 patients. Endoscopy confirmed AS in 11 out of 32 (34.4%). Preendoscopy, 44% of patients exhibited respiratory morbidity. After endoscopic dilation, none of the patients developed pneumonia requiring admission. Failure to thrive was noted in 9% of the cases.

Conclusion:
The use of esophagograms and endoscopies during the healing phase of anastomosis not only aids in the detection of ASs during its formation but also eases the process of their management.
Embedding of some classes of operators into strongly continuous semigroups
Authors: Chalendar Isabelle , Lebreton Romain 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this paper, we study the embedding problem of an operator into a strongly continous semigroup. We obtain characterizations for some classes of operators, namely composition operators and analytic Toeplitz operators on the Hardy space
$H^2$
. In particular, we focus on the isometric ones using the necessary and sufficient condition observed by T. Eisner.
Pengujian Alat Bantu Ajar Praktikum Sensor Dan Aktuator Berbasis Internet Of Things ( IoT) ESP8266 Menggunakan Aplikasi Blynk Dan ThingSpeak
Authors: Susanna  , Murdianto Murdianto 
Published: January 2025

Abstrak- Internet of Things merupakan suatu suatu penemuan yang sangat bermanfaat khususnya bagi dunia Pendidikan. IoT. Demikian juga untuk sistem kendali berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) terutama sensor dan aktuator dapat dijadikan area penelitian yang berkembang pesat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Proposal ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem kendali berbasis IoT yang menggunakan modul ESP8266. Pengembangan perangkat lunak dilakukan menggunakan platform pemrograman yang sesuai, seperti Arduino IDE atau PlatformIO. Kode program ditulis untuk mengatur koneksi Wi-Fi, integrasi dengan sensor dan aktuator, serta logika kendali berbasis kondisi yang diinginkan. sistem akan diimplementasikan di lokasi yang ditentukan dan disiapkan untuk pemantauan dan pengendalian jarak jauh melalui antarmuka pengguna yang sesuai. Sistem yang dibangun menggunakan NodeMCU ESP8266 sebagai pengendali utama dan komunikasi IoT melalui platform yang dipilih terbukti dapat bekerja secara stabil dan efisien pada saat pengujian dengan menunjukkan bahwa alat ini dapat berfungsi dengan baik menggunakan sensor dan aktuator yang digunakan, termasuk pemantauan data sensor secara real-time dan respon aktuator yang tepat. Dengan demikian, alat ini layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran untuk praktikum sensor dan aktuator dan IoT.
Bringing English to Life: The Implementation of the Cambridge Curriculum in SMP Islam Al-Azhar 39 Bukittinggi
Authors: Shalihah Mar , Ramadani Nesi , Mellian Yuyud , Arifmiboy  
Published: January 2025

The currently curriculum in Indonesia education is Merdeka curriculum while in one of private school in Bukittinggi used Cambridge curriculum in learning English. This school used Cambridge text book in teaching English at 7 – 9 grade. This research conducted a qualitative research with a case study. The research aims to to find out the implementation of Cambridge curriculum based textbook, the inhibition of the using the textbook and the differences between others English textbook that apply in others curriculum at school in teaching English,. The data collected through depth interview with the English teacher in the school and the data is analyzed use thematic analysis toward the data. The finding of the implementation of the Cambridge Curriculum at SMP Islam Al-Azhar 39 Bukittinggi supports the school's aim to produce confident English speakers by emphasizing listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. However, challenges arise due to differences with the Indonesian curriculum, students' varying levels of proficiency, and the complexity of British English materials. Despite limited resources and a heavy academic workload, the teacher uses innovative methods to motivate students and integrate English into their daily lives.