bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antenatal Education Services in Oman: A Descriptive Qualitative Inquiry of Healthcare Provider's Perspective
Authors: AlDughaishi Maha Yaqoub Khasib , Seshan Vidya , Matua Gerald Amandu 
Published: April 2023

Introduction To ensure positive pregnancy and birth outcomes, healthcare providers working in antenatal clinics are expected to provide regular antenatal education to enable early detection and timely treatment of pregnancy-related morbidities to prevent complications during labor, birth, and postnatal period. Although antenatal education and services are provided through standard programs in developed countries, presently there are no well-structured programs in many developing countries. The study compares the current service with the national and international guidelines. Objective To identify the current practices of healthcare providers in antenatal education service in Oman with the aim of identifying any major implementation gaps. Methods A qualitative inquiry was implemented through semi-structured in-depth interviews guided by open-ended questions. The study population were healthcare providers who routinely provide antenatal services at healthcare facilities. A purposive non-probability sampling technique was used to select the key informants. Data was analyzed manually using the thematic analysis framework. Results The antenatal education services provided fall under four themes: In relation to “Education for safe pregnancy,” the findings revealed that healthcare providers did not adequately address the needs. In relation to “Education for Safe labor and Birth,” the pregnant women are briefed with inadequate information about labor and birth during the antenatal period. In relation to “Education related to Postpartum,” healthcare providers generally do not provide information regarding pregnant women's psychological wellbeing, breastfeeding, family planning, hygiene, and nutrition during antenatal visits. In relation to “Education related to Newborn Care,” the study findings indicate that contrary to what was stipulated by the WHO (2016) to establish antenatal educational programs to help pregnant women gain the skills and knowledge regarding proper newborn care, our findings demonstrated a lack of education about newborn care by providers. Conclusion The findings have the capacity to contribute towards the development of remedial strategies to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in Oman. This can be achieved by addressing the practice gaps identified when comparing the current practices with international standards.
Use of caller ID and text messaging from cell phones to increase response rates in patient surveys
Authors: Peters Luke E , Zhao Jie , Gelzinnis Scott , Smith Stephen R , Martin Jennifer , Pockney Peter 
Published: April 2023

Background: High response rates for patient surveys are required in medical literature to ensure non-response bias is minimised. It is often difficult to achieve a satisfactory response rate as patient engagement in surveys is decreasing. A major barrier to phone surveys is getting patients to answer calls from unknown numbers. Purpose: To design a methodology which boosts response rates for telephone-based patient surveys. Research Design: We prospectively analysed the effectiveness of our methodology for increasing patient participation using caller ID and text messanging. Study Sample: Two waves totalling 1313 patients were contacted for participation in a patient survey for a descriptive quantitative and qualitative cohort study using our developed methadology. Data Analysis: We analysed the timepoints at which successful contact was made when using caller ID and text messanging. Results: We achieved a call answer rate of 85.4%, which was a 70.8% increase when compared to a similar patient cohort contacted via blocked caller ID (i.e. with privacy settings). Conclusion: We have developed a simple, inexpensive methodology which, when tested outside the Australian setting and for other projects, shows promise for increasing patient survey response rate.
Survival after cancer-related venous thrombosis: the Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer Study
Authors: Crobach Monique J. T. , Anijs Rayna J. S. , Brækkan Sigrid K. , Severinsen Marianne T. , Hammerstrøm Jens , Skille Hanne , Kristensen Søren R. , Paulsen Benedikte , Tjønneland Anne , Versteeg Henri H. , Overvad Kim , Hansen John-Bjarne , Næss Inger A. , Cannegieter Suzanne C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Patients with cancer have an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), and this combination is reported to result in poorer survival compared with cancer alone. This study aimed to investigate the impact of VTE on the survival of patients with cancer in a general population. The Scandinavian Thrombosis and Cancer (STAC) cohort, a population-based cohort including 144 952 participants without previous VTE or cancer, was used. During follow-up, cancer and VTE incidences were registered. “Cancer-related VTE” was defined as VTE diagnosed in patients with overt or occult cancer. The survival of participants without cancer and/or VTE (“disease-free”) was compared with the survival of participants with cancer and cancer-related VTE. Cox regression models with cancer and VTE as time-varying exposures were performed to calculate hazard ratios for death. Subanalyses were performed across cancer types and stages and VTE type (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism). During follow-up (mean, 11.7 years), 14 621 participants developed cancer, and 2444 developed VTE, of which 1241 were cancer-related. The mortality rates (per 100 person years) for disease-free participants, VTE only, cancer only, and cancer-related VTE were 0.63, 5.0, 9.2, and 45.3, respectively. Compared with patients with cancer only, the risk of death for patients with cancer-related VTE was increased 3.4-fold. Within all cancer types, the occurrence of VTE increased the mortality risk 2.8- to 14.7-fold. In a general population, patients with cancer with VTE had a 3.4-fold higher mortality risk than patients with cancer without VTE, independent of cancer type.
Cluster headache and kynurenines
Authors: Tuka Bernadett , Körtési Tamás , Nánási Nikolett , Tömösi Ferenc , Janáky Tamás , Veréb Dániel , Szok Délia , Tajti János , Vécsei László 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe glutamatergic neurotransmission has important role in the pathomechanism of primary headache disorders. The kynurenine metabolites derived from catabolism of tryptophan (Trp) have significant involvement not only in glutamatergic processes, but also in the neuroinflammation, the oxidative stress and the mitochondrial dysfunctions. Previously we identified a depressed peripheral Trp metabolism in interictal period of episodic migraineurs, which prompted us to examine this pathway in patients with episodic cluster headache (CH) as well. Our aims were to compare the concentrations of compounds both in headache-free and attack periods, and to find correlations between Trp metabolism and the clinical features of CH. Levels of 11 molecules were determined in peripheral blood plasma of healthy controls (n = 22) and interbout/ictal periods of CH patients (n = 24) by neurochemical measurements.FindingsSignificantly decreased L-kynurenine (KYN,p < 0.01), while increased quinolinic acid (QUINA,p < 0.005) plasma concentrations were detected in the interbout period of CH patients compared to healthy subjects. The levels of KYN are further reduced during the ictal period compared to the controls (p < 0.006). There was a moderate, negative correlation between disease duration and interbout QUINA levels (p < 0.048,R =  − 0.459); and between the total number of CH attacks experienced during the lifetime of patients and the interbout KYN concentrations (p < 0.024,R =  − 0.516). Linear regression models revealed negative associations between age and levels of Trp, kynurenic acid, 3-hdyroxyanthranilic acid and QUINA in healthy control subjects, as well as between age and ictal level of anthranilic acid.ConclusionsOur results refer to a specifically altered Trp metabolism in CH patients. The onset of metabolic imbalance can be attributed to the interbout period, where the decreased KYN level is unable to perform its protective functions, while the concentration of QUINA, as a toxic compound, increases. These processes can trigger CH attacks, which may be associated with glutamate excess induced neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact functions of these molecular alterations that can contribute to identify new, potential biomarkers in the therapy of CH.
Prediction of hot spots in protein–DNA binding interfaces based on discrete wavelet transform and wavelet packet transform
Authors: Sun Yu , Wu Hongwei , Xu Zhengrong , Yue Zhenyu , Li Ke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Identification of hot spots in protein–DNA binding interfaces is extremely important for understanding the underlying mechanisms of protein–DNA interactions and drug design. Since experimental methods for identifying hot spots are time-consuming and expensive, and most of the existing computational methods are based on traditional protein–DNA features to predict hot spots, unable to make full use of the effective information in the features.

Results
In this work, a method named WTL-PDH is proposed for hot spots prediction. To deal with the unbalanced dataset, we used the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique to generate minority class samples to achieve the balance of dataset. First, we extracted the solvent accessible surface area features and structural features, and then processed the traditional features using discrete wavelet transform and wavelet packet transform to extract the wavelet energy information and wavelet entropy information, and obtained a total of 175 dimensional features. In order to obtain the best feature subset, we systematically evaluate these features in various feature selection strategies. Finally, light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) was used to establish the model.

Conclusions
Our method achieved good results on independent test set with AUC, MCC and F1 scores of 0.838, 0.533 and 0.750, respectively. WTL-PDH can achieve generally better performance in predicting hot spots when compared with state-of-the-art methods. The dataset and source code are available at https://github.com/chase2555/WTL-PDH.
ARNTL2 upregulation of ACOT7 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation through inhibition of apoptosis and ferroptosis
Authors: Wang Tao , Wang Kai , Zhu Xu , Chen Nan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have reported that the circadian transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like 2 (ARNTL2) promotes the metastatic progression of lung adenocarcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms of ARNTL2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell growth and proliferation remain to be explored.

Methods
The expression of ARNTL2 and acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 (ACOT7) in lung cancer patients was analyzed based on TCGA database. Gain-of-function of ARNTL2 and ACOT7 was conducted by transfecting the cells with plasmids or lentivirus. Knockdown assay was carried out by siRNAs. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to check the protein and mRNA expression. Dual luciferase and ChIP-qPCR assay was applied to check the interaction of ARNTL2 on ACOT7’s promoter sequence. Triglyceride level, MDA production, the activity of casapase 3 to caspase 7, and lipid ROS were measured by indicated assay kit. Cellular function was detected by CCK8, colony formation and flow cytometry analysis of cell death and cell cycle.

Results
We demonstrated that ARNTL2 upregulation of ACOT7 was critical for NSCLC cell growth and proliferation. Firstly, overexpression of ARNTL2 conferred the poor prognosis of LUAD patients and supported the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Based on molecular experiments, we showed that ARNTL2 potentiated the transcription activity of ACOT7 gene via direct binding to ACOT7’s promoter sequence. ACOT7 high expression was correlated with the worse prognosis of LUAD patients. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments revealed that AOCT7 contributed to NSCLC cell growth and proliferation. ACOT7 regulated the apoptosis and ferroptosis of NSCLC cells, while exhibited no effect on cell cycle progression. ACOT7 overexpression also potentiated fatty acid synthesis and suppressed lipid peroxidation. Lastly, we showed that ARNTL2 knockdown and overexpression inhibited and promoted the cellular triglyceride production and subsequent cell proliferation, which could be reversed by ACOT7 overexpression and knockdown.

Conclusion
Our study illustrated the oncogenic function of ARNTL2/ACOT7 axis in the development of NSCLC. Targeting ARNTL2 or ACOT7 might be promising therapeutic strategies for NSCLC patients with highly expressed ARNTL2.
Risk factors for delayed neurocognitive recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery
Authors: Wang Lu , Chen Bin , Liu Tao , Luo Taijun , Kang Wanli , Liu Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the risk factors for delayed neurocognitive recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery.

Methods
A total of 215 elderly patients who underwent thoracic surgery between May 2022 and October 2022 were recruited in this prospective observational study. Cognitive function was tested by MoCA tests that were performed by the same trained physician before surgery, on postoperative day 4 (POD4), and on postoperative day 30 (POD30). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors for DNR.

Results
A total of 154 patients (55.8% men) with an average age of 67.99 ± 3.88 years were finally included. Patients had an average preoperative MoCA score of 24.68 ± 2.75. On the 30th day after surgery, 26 (16.88%) patients had delayed postoperative cognitive recovery, and 128 (83.12%) had postoperative cognitive function recovery. Diabetes mellitus (OR = 6.508 [2.049–20.664], P = 0.001), perioperative inadvertent hypothermia (< 35℃) (OR = 5.688 [1.693–19.109], P = 0.005), history of cerebrovascular events (OR = 10.211 [2.842–36.688], P < 0.001), and VICA (sevoflurane combined with propofol anesthesia) (OR = 5.306 [1.272–22.138], P = 0.022) resulted as independent risk factors of delayed neurocognitive recovery. On the POD4, DNR was found in 61 cases (39.6%), and age ≥ 70 years (OR = 2.311 [1.096–4.876], P = 0.028) and preoperative NLR ≥ 2.5 (OR = 0.428 [0.188–0.975], P = 0.043) were identified as independent risk factors.

Conclusions
The risk factors for delayed neurocognitive recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery include diabetes, perioperative inadvertent hypothermia (< 35℃), VICA (sevoflurane combined with propofol anesthesia), and history of cerebrovascular events.
Prognostic value of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio combined with coronary calcification score in patients with suspected coronary artery disease
Authors: Tian Xin-Xin , Luo Jun-Yi , Liu Fen , Qiu Ya-Jing , Luo Fan , Zeng Lu , Zhang Zhuo-Ran , Yang Yi-Ning , Li Xiao-Mei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this work was to evaluate the predictive value of FAR combined with CACS for MACCEs.BackgroundThe fibrinogen-albumin-ratio (FAR), a novel biomarker of inflammation, is associated with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary calcification score (CACS) is associated with the severity of coronary stenosis and is closely related to the prognosis of CAD patients. What is the prognostic value of FAR in patients with chest pain, which has not been reported. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between CACS and FAR and their impact on prognosis in patients with suspected CAD.MethodsWe used information from 12,904 individuals who had coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) for chest pain and tracked down any significant adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). The following formula was used to calculate FAR: fibrinogen (g/L)/albumin (g/L). Patients were separated into groups with greater levels of FAR (FAR-H) and lower levels of FAR (FAR-L) in accordance with the ideal cut-off value of FAR for MACCEs prediction. In addition, patients were divided into three groups based on their CACS scores (CACS ≤ 100, 100 < CACS ≤ 400, and CACS > 400).Results4946 patients [62(55–71) years, 64.4% male] were ultimately enrolled in the present study. During follow-up, a total of 234 cases (4.7%) of MACCEs were documented. Linear regression analysis results showed that CACS (R2 = 0.004, Standard β = 0.066,P < 0.001) was positively associated with FAR in patients with chest pain.Compared to ones with FAR-L, FAR-H had an increased risk for MACCEs (adjusted HR 1.371(1.053–1.786)P = 0.019). Multivariate Cox regression showed that age (adjusted HR 1.015 95% CI 1.001–1.028;p = 0.03), FAR (adjusted HR 1.355 95% CI 1.042–1.763;p = 0.023),FBG (adjusted HR 1.043 95% CI 1.006–1.083;p = 0.024) and CACS (adjusted HR 1.470 95% CI 1.250–1.727;p < 0.001) were the independent risk factors for MACCEs. The FAR and CACS significantly improved MACCEs risk stratification, contributing to substantial net reclassification improvement ( NRI 0.122, 95% CI 0.054–0.198,P < 0.001) and integrated discrimination improvement(IDI 0.011, 95% CI 0.006–0.017,P < 0.001).ConclusionFAR was an independent risk factor for MACCEs. The results showed that CACS was positively associated with FAR in patients with suspected CAD. A higher level of FAR and heavier coronary calcification burden was associated with worse outcomes among patients with suspected CAD. FAR and CACS improved the risk identification of patients with suspected CAD, leading to a significant reclassification of MACCEs.
Design and analysis of outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in veterans
Authors: Smith Valerie A. , Berkowitz Theodore S. Z. , Hebert Paul , Wong Edwin S. , Niederhausen Meike , Pura John A. , Berry Kristin , Green Pamela , Korpak Anna , Fox Alexandra , Baraff Aaron , Hickok Alex , Shahoumian Troy A , Bohnert Amy S.B. , Hynes Denise M. , Boyko Edward J. , Ioannou George N. , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Bowling C. Barrett , O’Hare Ann M. , Maciejewski Matthew L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts long-term patient outcomes requires identification of comparable persons with and without infection. We report the design and implementation of a matching strategy employed by the Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) COVID-19 Observational Research Collaboratory (CORC) to develop comparable cohorts of SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected persons for the purpose of inferring potential causative long-term adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Veteran population.

Methods
In a retrospective cohort study, we identified VA health care system patients who were and were not infected with SARS-CoV-2 on a rolling monthly basis. We generated matched cohorts within each month utilizing a combination of exact and time-varying propensity score matching based on electronic health record (EHR)-derived covariates that can be confounders or risk factors across a range of outcomes.

Results
From an initial pool of 126,689,864 person-months of observation, we generated final matched cohorts of 208,536 Veterans infected between March 2020-April 2021 and 3,014,091 uninfected Veterans. Matched cohorts were well-balanced on all 37 covariates used in matching after excluding patients for: no VA health care utilization; implausible age, weight, or height; living outside of the 50 states or Washington, D.C.; prior SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis per Medicare claims; or lack of a suitable match. Most Veterans in the matched cohort were male (88.3%), non-Hispanic (87.1%), white (67.2%), and living in urban areas (71.5%), with a mean age of 60.6, BMI of 31.3, Gagne comorbidity score of 1.4 and a mean of 2.3 CDC high-risk conditions. The most common diagnoses were hypertension (61.4%), diabetes (34.3%), major depression (32.2%), coronary heart disease (28.5%), PTSD (25.5%), anxiety (22.5%), and chronic kidney disease (22.5%).

Conclusion
This successful creation of matched SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected patient cohorts from the largest integrated health system in the United States will support cohort studies of outcomes derived from EHRs and sample selection for qualitative interviews and patient surveys. These studies will increase our understanding of the long-term outcomes of Veterans who were infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Cause-specific excess mortality after hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS)
Authors: Holvik Kristin , Ellingsen Christian Lycke , Solbakken Siri Marie , Finnes Trine Elisabeth , Talsnes Ove , Grimnes Guri , Tell Grethe S. , Søgaard Anne-Johanne , Meyer Haakon E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Information on cause of death may help appraise the degree to which the high excess mortality after hip fracture reflects pre-existing comorbidities or the injury itself. We aimed to describe causes of death and cause-specific excess mortality through the first year after hip fracture.

Methods
For studying the distribution of causes of death by time after hip fracture, we calculated age-adjusted cause-specific mortality at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months in patients hospitalized with hip fracture in Norway 1999–2016. Underlying causes of death were obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and grouped by the European Shortlist for Causes of Death. For estimating excess mortality, we performed flexible parametric survival analyses comparing mortality hazard in patients with hip fracture (2002–2017) with that of age- and sex matched controls drawn from the Population and Housing Census 2001.

Results
Of 146,132 Norwegians with a first hip fracture, a total of 35,498 (24.3%) died within one year. By 30 days post-fracture, external causes (mainly the fall causing the fracture) were the underlying cause for 53.8% of deaths, followed by circulatory diseases (19.8%), neoplasms (9.4%), respiratory diseases (5.7%), mental and behavioural disorders (2.0%) and diseases of the nervous system (1.3%). By one-year post-fracture, external causes and circulatory diseases together accounted for approximately half of deaths (26.1% and 27.0%, respectively). In the period 2002–2017, cause-specific one-year relative mortality hazard in hip fracture patients vs. population controls ranged from 1.5 for circulatory diseases to 2.5 for diseases of the nervous system in women, and correspondingly, from 2.4 to 5.3 in men.

Conclusions
Hip fractures entail high excess mortality from all major causes of death. However, the traumatic injury of a hip fracture is the most frequently reported underlying cause of death among older patients who survive less than one year after their fracture.