bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of sex‐linked SNP markers in wild populations of monomorphic birds
Authors: Garcia‐Raventós Aina , Muñoz‐Mérida Antonio , Lapiedra Oriol , Unzeta Mar , Ferrandiz‐Rovira Mariona , Sol Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSingle‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis is a powerful tool for population genetics, pedigree reconstruction and phenotypic trait mapping. However, the untapped potential of SNP markers to discriminate the sex of individuals in species with reduced sexual dimorphism or of individuals during immature stages remains a largely unexplored avenue. Here, we developed a novel protocol for molecular sexing of birds based on the detection of unique Z‐ and W‐linked SNP markers. Our method is based on the identification of two unique loci, one in each sexual chromosome. Individuals are considered males when they show no calls for the W‐linked SNP and are heterozygous or homozygous for the Z‐linked SNP, while females exhibit both Z‐ and W‐linked SNP calls. We validated the method in the Jackdaw (Corvus monedula). The reduced sexual dimorphism in this species makes it difficult to identify the sex of individuals in the wild. We assessed the reliability of the method using 36 individuals of known sex and found that their sex was correctly assigned in 100% of cases. The sex‐linked markers also proved to be widely applicable for discriminating males and females from a sample of 927 genotyped individuals at different maturity stages, with an accuracy of 99.5%. Since SNP markers are increasingly used in quantitative genetic analyses of wild populations, the approach we propose has great potential to be integrated into broader genetic research programmes without the need for additional sexing techniques.
Studying the microbiome of suppressive soils against vascular wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum in cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana)
Authors: Bautista Daniel , García Diana , Dávila Lorena , Caro‐Quintero Alejandro , Cotes Alba Marina , González Adriana , Zuluaga A. Paola 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) is Colombia's second most exported fruit, with a market worth 37.8 million USD in 2021. Fusarium oxysporum f sp. physalis (Foph) is arguably the most devastating pathogen causing losses of up to 80%. Managing this disease is challenging due to pathogen resistance or the reduced efficacy of commercial fungicides and the production of resistant structures allowing pathogen survival in the soil for up to 30 years. Thus, new methods of control are necessary. Two cape gooseberry farms (organic vs. conventional) were detected free from Foph in Nariño. We hypothesize that the soil microbiome might have a suppressive effect against vascular wilt, caused by Foph. To test this, farm soils were propagated by adding 10% farm soil and 90% peat soil. Then, peat soil (control) and propagated soils were inoculated with Foph. A decrease of 65%–68% in disease incidence and a 70% in disease severity reduction was observed in seedlings grown in propagated soils compared to peat soil. We then used next‐generation sequencing to study the soil microbiome to understand the possible mechanisms for disease suppression of propagated soils. We conclude that despite the high diversity of soil microbiomes, the relative abundance of some taxa might be a more important indicator of disease suppression than the presence of specific taxa.
Are accounting standards understandable?
Authors: Howieson Bryan , Loftus Janice , Schührer Sabine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is concern that accounting standards are difficult to understand by those who use them. We investigate factors that enhance and inhibit the ability of the standards' users to comprehend their meaning and requirements. Readability statistics reveal that Australian accounting standards are difficult or very difficult to read. Interviews with experienced financial statement preparers and auditors from the for‐profit, not‐for‐profit private, and public sectors reveal that ‘understandability’ is a function of many inter‐related factors, only some of which relate to how standards are written and presented. We offer recommendations to standards‐setters about how the understandability of standards could be improved.
Birth spacing and risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis
Authors: Ni Wanze , Gao Xuping , Su Xin , Cai Jun , Zhang Shiwen , Zheng Lu , Liu Jiazi , Feng Yonghui , Chen Shiyun , Ma Junrong , Cao Wenting , Zeng Fangfang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe association between extreme birth spacing and adverse outcomes is controversial, and available evidence is fragmented into different classifications of birth spacing.Material and methodsWe conducted a systematic review of observational studies to evaluate the association between birth spacing (i.e., interpregnancy interval and interoutcome interval) and adverse outcomes (i.e., pregnancy complications, adverse birth outcomes). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random‐effects model, and the dose–response relationships were evaluated using generalized least squares trend estimation.ResultsA total of 129 studies involving 46 874 843 pregnancies were included. In the general population, compared with an interpregnancy interval of 18–23 months, extreme intervals (<6 months and ≥ 60 months) were associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including preterm birth, small for gestational age, low birthweight, fetal death, birth defects, early neonatal death, and premature rupture of fetal membranes (pooled OR range: 1.08–1.56; p < 0.05). The dose–response analyses further confirmed these J‐shaped relationships (pnon‐linear < 0.001–0.009). Long interpregnancy interval was only associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational diabetes (pnon‐linear < 0.005 and pnon‐linear < 0.001, respectively). Similar associations were observed between interoutcome interval and risk of low birthweight and preterm birth (pnon‐linear < 0.001). Moreover, interoutcome interval of ≥60 months was associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery (pooled OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.04–2.83). For pregnancies following preterm births, an interpregnancy interval of 9 months was not associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, according to dose–response analyses (pnon‐linear = 0.008). Based on limited evidence, we did not observe significant associations between interpregnancy interval or interoutcome interval after pregnancy losses and risk of small for gestational age, fetal death, miscarriage, or preeclampsia (pooled OR range: 0.76–1.21; p > 0.05).ConclusionsExtreme birth spacing has extensive adverse effects on maternal and infant health. In the general population, interpregnancy interval of 18–23 months may be associated with potential benefits for both mothers and infants. For women with previous preterm birth, the optimal birth spacing may be 9 months.
Amsterdam complex pelvic pain symptom scale with subscales: Based on a Norwegian translation, psychometric assessment and modification of the Amsterdam hyperactive pelvic floor scale
Authors: Saga Susan , Stafne Signe Nilssen , Dons Vilde , Bratlie Ingvild , Spetalen Siri , Hagemann Cecilie Therese 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionWomen with an abnormally high pelvic floor muscle tone may have a clinical presentation that is complex, involving urinary, anorectal and/or sexual dysfunction, genital/pelvic pain and psychological distress. The Amsterdam Hyperactive Pelvic Floor Scale (AHPFS) is a Dutch 30‐item condition‐specific self‐report questionnaire developed to measure these complex pelvic pain symptoms. The aim of this study was to translate the Dutch version into Norwegian, to assess the psychometric properties, and to present a valid factor structure.Material and methodsTranslation, back‐translation and a review of the back‐translated version were performed. Thereafter, a pilot test including feedback from six clinical experts and cognitive interviews with 11 patients from the target group was conducted. Next, a field test was performed among women who were (1) patients at the gynecological outpatient clinic/pelvic floor physiotherapist at St. Olav's Hospital, (2) members of the Vulvodynia or the Endometriosis Patient Associations or (3) female students and employees from the Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, in a web‐based survey. To ensure a sample with symptomatic women, only women who scored ≥11 according to the Dutch prespecified factor structure were included in the statistical analyses (n = 232).ResultsContent/face validity demonstrated that the questionnaire was perceived as relevant, comprehensive and understandable. Some adjustments in the instructions of the questionnaire and the response categories were made, which lead to the Norwegian translation ACPPS‐30. Assessment of the questionnaire's dimensionality revealed a five‐factor structure similar to the original Dutch Amsterdam Hyperactive Pelvic Floor Scale (AHPFS) but without the Urinary tract infection factor and seven other items. The translated and modified ACPPS‐16 total score and subscales correlated as expected with scales measuring similar conditions. Test–retest reliability demonstrated good stability for scales (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.85–0.93) and single items (weighted kappa values from 0.34 to 0.90).ConclusionsA modified Norwegian version ACPPS‐30 was presented, in addition to a shorter version with only 16 of the translated items distributed among five factors similar to the original Dutch version (ACPPS‐16). Both versions proved to be valid, stable and reliable tools to investigate complex pelvic pain symptoms possibly due to an abnormally high‐toned pelvic floor muscle.
Incidence of and survival after surgical intervention for bowel obstruction in women with advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Pálsdóttir Kolbrún , Salehi Sahar , Johansson Hemming , Groes‐Kofoed Nina , Falconer Henrik , Joneborg Ulrika 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionWomen with advanced ovarian cancer commonly present with peritoneal disease both at primary diagnosis and relapse, with risk of subsequent bowel obstruction. The aims of this study were to assess the cumulative incidence of and survival after intervention for bowel obstruction in women with advanced ovarian cancer, to identify factors predictive of survival and the extent to which the intended outcome of the intervention was achieved.Material and methodsWomen diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer stages III and IV in 2009–2011 and 2014–2016 in the Stockholm‐Gotland Region in Sweden were identified in the Swedish Quality Registry for Gynecologic Cancer. Through hospital records, types of intended and executed interventions for bowel obstruction were assessed, and as well as when in the course of oncologic treatment, the intervention was performed. Time from first intervention to death was analyzed with survival methodology and proportional hazard regression was used.ResultsOf 751 identified women, 108 had an intervention for bowel obstruction. Laparotomy was the most prevalent intervention and was used in 87% (94/108) of all women, with a success rate of 87% (82/94). An intervention for bowel obstruction was performed before or during first line treatment in 32% (35/108) with a cumulative incidence in the whole cohort of 14% (108/751, 95% confidence interval [CI] 11–16). Median survival after intervention for bowel obstruction was 4 months (95% CI 3–6). The hazard of death increased when the intervention was performed after completion of primary treatment (HR 4.46, 95% CI 1.61–12.29, P < 0.01), with a median survival of 3 months. In women subjected to radical surgery during primary treatment, the hazard of death after intervention for bowel obstruction decreased (hazard ratio [HR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.32–0.91, P = 0.02).ConclusionsWomen with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing intervention for bowel obstruction have a dismal prognosis, regardless of which line of oncologic treatment the intervention was performed. In the majority of women an intervention for bowel obstruction was performed in a relapse situation with an even worse survival. Our findings emphasize the importance of a holistic approach in the decision‐making before an intervention for bowel obstruction in women with advanced ovarian cancer.
Posterior synechia formation after phacovitrectomy – Predicting factors and the role of short‐acting mydriatics
Authors: Pesoa Yair , Palevski Dahlia , Tiosano Alon , Erlich Rita , Schaap Fogler Michal , Hadayer Amir , Levy Issac , Dotan Assaf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the influence of topical short‐acting mydriatics on the formation of posterior synechia after phacovitrectomy surgery of pars plana vitrectomy and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.MethodsA prospective randomised controlled trial. Fifty‐seven adult (>18 years old) patients (57 eyes) who underwent phacovitrectomy surgery at a single tertiary hospital, were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (29 eyes) received standard postoperative treatment (topical antibiotics and steroids). The study group (28 eyes) received short‐acting mydriatics together with standard therapy. Patients were followed until 24 months after surgery. The primary outcome measure was the formation of posterior synechia during the follow‐up period.ResultsA total of 7 patients developed posterior synechia during the follow‐up period (12%), 3 in the study group (11%) and 4 in the control group (14%). There was no statistical difference between the groups. Significant associations for the development of posterior synechia were surgery for retinal detachment, longer surgery duration (>93 min) and the use of tamponade, in particular silicone oil.ConclusionsThe use of topical short‐acting mydriatic drops after phacovitrectomy surgery, in addition to standard post‐operative treatment, did not reduce the formation of posterior synechia. However, we identified several factors that may influence or act as predictors for the development of posterior synechia: surgery for retinal detachment, using silicone oil tamponade and a longer surgery duration. Our findings may aid in the standardisation of post‐phacovitrectomy surgery treatment and define potential at‐risk patients who should be monitored more closely.
Postnatal corticosteroid usage in United Kingdom and Ireland neonatal units
Authors: Jenkinson Allan C. , Kaltsogianni Ourania , Dassios Theodore , Greenough Anne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo perform a survey on postnatal corticosteroids usage in neonatal units in the United Kingdom and Ireland.MethodsAn 18‐item structured questionnaire was created asking for the level of neonatal care and corticosteroid prescribing practices. A consultant neonatologist or senor specialty training registrar/advanced neonatal nurse practitioner was contacted in every neonatal unit in the UK and Ireland between September and December 2022.ResultsThe response rate to the survey was 96% (203 of 211 units). Postnatal corticosteroids were prescribed in 48% of units: 5% of special care units, 43% of local neonatal units and 100% of neonatal intensive care units. Most units (90%) prescribed dexamethasone, which was prescribed to infants born at gestational ages less than 30 weeks in all those units prescribing postnatal corticosteroids, however, eight units also reported use in infants greater than 30 weeks of gestation. Dexamethasone regimens varied with starting doses from 50 to 500 μg/kg/day. Most tertiary units (97%) prescribed repeated courses of dexamethasone. In all levels of neonatal care, postnatal corticosteroids were prescribed to ventilated infants as well as those receiving non‐invasive respiratory support.ConclusionThere is use of postnatal corticosteroids in all levels of neonatal care and much of the practice is not evidence based.
Associations between affective temperament, perceived stress, and helping among Ukrainians and Poles in the context of the war in Ukraine
Authors: Piskunowicz Małgorzata Tatiana , Kołodziej Kosma , Altukhova Valeriia , Wojtasik Jakub , Jaremko Tatiana , Borkowska Alina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Russian aggression of Ukraine has put millions of civilians under immense stress and forced many of them to leave their homes for safety and help. Poland became one of the leading destinations for waves of Ukrainians fleeing this war. The level of perceived stress in people who experienced war depends on various factors, including individual psychological variables. The main aim of this study was to analyze perceived stress levels and the predictive role of affective temperaments, as defined by Akiskal, for perceived stress in Ukrainians and Poles during the first year of the Russo‐Ukrainian war. Secondly, we studied the relationship between affective temperament, stress, and commitment to help Ukrainian refugees. Self‐report data from 410 Ukrainians and 146 Poles were collected. The results of this study shed light on perceived stress in war‐affected populations and the role of affective temperaments in predicting its levels. We also demonstrated the links between affective temperament, perceived stress, and involvement in helping Ukrainian refugees. Understanding the mental status of people affected by war and its predictors is crucial to providing appropriate support and assistance to those in need.
Thermal welding tonsillectomy versus cold dissection tonsillectomy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Albazee Ebraheem , Almahmoud Lina , Aladwani Abdullah A. , Ameen Jasem , Alrashidi Abdullah , AlKandery Mashael , Abu‐Zaid Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of thermal welding (TW) versus cold dissection (CD) strategies among tonsillectomy patients.Design and SettingA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).ParticipantsPatients undergoing tonsillectomy.Main Outcome MeasuresThe outcomes were summarised as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference/standardised mean difference (MD/SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random‐effects model.ResultsFourteen RCTs were analysed. The mean operative time (n = 14 RCTs, MD = −7.99 min, 95% CI [−12.88, −3.10], p < .001), mean intraoperative blood loss (n = 11 RCTs, MD = −57.18 mL, 95% CI [−71.58, −42.78], p < .001) and postoperative pain score on day 1 (n = 15 RCTs, SMD = −0.40, 95% CI [−0.75, −0.06], p = .02) were significantly reduced in the TW group compared with the CD group. However, there was no significant difference between both groups regarding the rate of reactionary bleeding (n = 13 RCTs, RR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.23, 1.71], p = .36) and delayed bleeding (n = 13 RCTs, RR = 1.03, 95% CI [0.46, 2.30], p = .95).ConclusionCompared with CD, TW significantly reduced the operative time and intraoperative blood loss, without an impact on the rate of postoperative bleeding. The reduction in postoperative pain score provided by the TW strategy was not clinically meaningful in clinical practice. TW might appear superior to CD among tonsillectomy patients.
Local excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for mid and low rectal cancer: a multicentric French study from the GRECCAR group
Authors: Calmels Mélanie , Labiad Camélia , Lelong Bernard , Lefevre Jérémie H. , Tuech Jean‐Jacques , Benoist Stéphane , Mège Diane , Denost Quentin , Panis Yves 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimA complete or subcomplete tumour response (CTR) is observed in 10%–25% of patients with mid/low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). The aim of our study was to report a multicentric French experience in local excision (LE) after CRT.MethodAll patients who underwent LE for mid/low rectal cancer with suspected CTR after CRT, from 2006 to 2019 in seven GRECCAR centres were included. LE was considered adequate if the specimen showed a ypT0/Tis/T1R0 tumour, otherwise, a completion total mesorectal excision (TME) was discussed. Morbi‐mortality, functional results and oncological outcomes were studied.ResultsA total of 257 patients were included. LE specimens showed 36% ypT0, 4% ypTis and 19% ypT1. Thus, 108 patients (42%) had theoretical indication of completion TME, which was performed in only 42 patients. Overall, 30‐day morbidity after LE was 11%, including 2% Clavien–Dindo grade III or IV complications. After completion TME, 47% described major low anterior resection syndrome versus 5% after LE alone (p < 0.001). After a mean follow‐up of 4 years (range 2–6 years), the recurrence rate was 11% after LE, 32% after completion TME and 20% in patients for whom completion TME was indicated but not performed (p = 0.021).ConclusionTME remains the gold standard for mid/low rectal cancer after CRT. LE in selected patients is safe for operative and functional, but also oncological, results. However, completion TME was indicated in 42% of patients after LE, highlighting the difficulty of the preoperative diagnosis of CTR after CRT.
Cytological features of central nervous system germ cell tumours and tumours of the sellar region
Authors: Viaene Angela N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGerm cell tumours of the central nervous system and tumours of the sellar region represent a diverse group of neoplasms. These tumours affect both paediatric and adult patients and represent some of the most common central nervous system tumours as well as rare entities. Diagnosis frequently relies on tissue sampling, and intraoperative consultation is often needed to guide surgical management. The focus of this article is to provide a reference for the intraoperative cytology of these entities. The cytological features of these tumours as well as their differential diagnoses are described.
Association of aortic stiffness early post myocardial infarction with left ventricular remodelling
Authors: Pavlidis George , Tsilivarakis Damianos , Katogiannis Konstantinos , Vlastos Dimitrios , Katsanos Spyridon , Katsanaki Eleni , Thymis John , Parissis John , Lambadiari Vaia , Ikonomidis Ignatios 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling after myocardial infarction is associated with heart failure. We investigated whether aortic stiffness during acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction is associated with LV remodelling at long‐term follow‐up.MethodsIn 109 patients within 48 h of myocardial infarction post‐primary percutaneous coronary intervention and after 2 years, we measured: (a) carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), (b) LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and left atrial strain using speckle‐tracking echocardiography, (c) PWV/GLS ratio as a surrogate marker of ventricular‐arterial interaction, and (d) LV end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes. A > 15% decrease from the baseline in LV end‐systolic volume at 2‐year follow‐up was considered as a criterion of reverse LV remodelling.ResultsCompared with baseline, all patients had reduced PWV, LV end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes while PWV/GLS, GLS and reservoir left atrial strain were improved (p < .05) after 2 years. Baseline values of PWV, GLS, PWV/GLS ratio and reservoir left atrial strain were associated with percentage change of LV end‐systolic volume at 2 years (p < .05). Multivariable analysis revealed that lower baseline values of PWV and a less impaired GLS and PWV/GLS were independently associated with reverse LV remodelling at 2 years with a C‐statistic of .748, .711 and .787, respectively.ConclusionAortic stiffness early post‐infarction determines LV remodelling after 2 years of the ischemic event despite post successful revascularization.Clinical Trial Registration‐URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03984123, 30/04/2020.