bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SRS-22r Self-Image After Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis at 10-year Follow-up
Authors: Stone Lauren E. , Upasani Vidyadhar V. , Pahys Joshua M. , Fletcher Nicholas D. , George Stephen G. , Shah Suken A. , Bastrom Tracey P. , Bartley Carrie E. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Newton Peter O. , Kelly Michael P. ,   Harms Study Group
Published: March 2023

Study Design.Retrospective cohortObjective.To examine SRS-Self Image scores at up to 10 years after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Summary of Background Data.Self-image is complex with implications for surgical and patient-reported outcomes after AIS surgery. Surgically modifiable factors that impact self-image are inconsistently reported in the literature with few longer-term reports. We examined the rate and durability of self-image improvement.Materials and Methods.An AIS registry was queried for patients with up to 10 years of follow-up after AIS surgery. A mixed effects model estimated change in SRS-22 Self Image from baseline to 6 weeks, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, and 10 years. All enrolled patients contributed data to the mixed effects models. A sub-analysis of patients with 1-year and 10-year follow-up evaluated worsening/static/improved SRS-22 Self Image scores examined stability of scores over that timeline. Baseline demographic data and 1-year deformity magnitude data were compared between groups using parametric and nonparametric tests as appropriate.Results.Data from 4608 patients contributed data to the longitudinal model; 162 had 1-year and 10-year data. Mean SRS-Self Image improvement at 10-year follow-up was 1.0 (95% CI: 0.9–1.1) point. No significant changes in Self-Image domain scores were estimated from 1-year to 10-year (allP>0.05) postoperative. Forty (25%) patients had SRS-Self Image worsening from 1 year to 10 years, 36 (22%) improved, and 86 (53%) were unchanged. Patients who worsened over 10 years had lower SRS-Self Image at baseline than those unchanged at enrollment (3.3vs.3.7,P=0.007). Neither radiographic parameters nor SRS-Mental Health were different at baseline for the enrolled patients.Conclusion.Ten years after surgery, 75% of patients reported similar or better SRS-Self Image scores than one year after surgery. Nearly 25% of patients reported worsening self-image at 10 years. Patients who worsened had lower baseline SRS-Self Image scores, without radiographic or mental health differences at baseline or follow-up.
Risk Factors for Ambulatory Surgery Conversion to Extended Stay Among Patients Undergoing One-level or Two-level Posterior Lumbar Decompression
Authors: Dodo Yusuke , Okano Ichiro , Kelly Neil A. , Sanchez Leonardo A. , Haffer Henryk , Muellner Maximilian , Chiapparelli Erika , Oezel Lisa , Shue Jennifer , Lebl Darren R. , Cammisa Frank P. , Girardi Federico P. , Hughes Alexander P. , Sokunbi Gbolabo , Sama Andrew A. 
Published: March 2023

Study design:
A retrospective observational study.

Objective.
The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the conversion of patient status from ambulatory surgery (AMS) to observation service (OS) (<48 h) or inpatient (>48 h).

Summary of Background Data.
AMS is becoming increasingly common in the United States because it is associated with a similar quality of care compared with inpatient surgery, significant costs reduction, and patients’ desire to recuperate at home. However, there are instances when AMS patients may be subjected to extended hospital stays. Unanticipated extension of hospitalization stays can be a great burden not only to patients but to medical providers and insurance companies alike.

Materials and Methods.
Data from 1096 patients who underwent one-level or two-level lumbar decompression AMS at an in-hospital, outpatient surgical facility between January 1, 2019, and March 16, 2020, were collected. Patients were categorized into three groups based on length of stay: (1) AMS, (2) OS, or (3) inpatient. Demographics, comorbidities, surgical information, and administrative information were collected. Simple and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted comparing AMS patients and OS/inpatient as well as OS and inpatients.

Results.
Of the 1096 patients, 641 (58%) patients were converted to either OS (n=486) or inpatient (n=155). The multivariable analysis demonstrated that age (more than 80 yr old), high American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA) grade, history of sleep apnea, drain use, high estimated blood loss, long operation, late operation start time, and a high pain score were considered independent risk factors for AMS conversion to OS/inpatient. The risk factors for OS conversion to inpatient were an ASA class 3 or higher, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, steroid use, drain use, dural tear, and laminectomy.

Conclusions.
Several surgical factors along with patient-specific factors were significantly associated with AMS conversion. Addressing modifiable surgical factors might reduce the AMS conversion rate and be beneficial to patients and facilities.
Telomerase-mediated immortalization of human vaginal wall fibroblasts derived from patients with pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Guo Tao , Xie Ting , Lang Jinghe , Sun Zhijing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is the most important pathomechanism of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Fibroblasts are the key to ECM regulation. The passaging capacity of human vaginal wall fibroblasts (hVWFs) is limited in vitro. Here, we aimed to immortalize hVWFs through the introduction of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT).

Methods:
Primary cells were derived from the vaginal wall tissue of patients with POP. Cellular senescence was detected via senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. We employed a lentiviral transfection vector to stably express hTERT in hVWFs at passage 3, generating immortalized hVWFs (i-hVWFs). We then assessed cellular proliferation via the CCK-8 and EdU assays as well as cellular migration via wound healing assays. G-banded chromosome karyotypic analysis was performed to evaluate chromosomal karyotype stability. Finally, cellular tumorigenesis capacity was assessed in nude mice. A two-tailed Student's t test was used to compare differences between the two groups.

Results:
Our results showed that senescence of primary hVWFs significantly increased from passage seven. From passage 11, hVWFs showed a significantly higher senescence percentage than i-hVWFs. During the continuous passage, i-hVWFs presented stability in proliferation, migration capacity, expression of ECM regulation-related genes, and chromosome karyotype. In vivo tumorigenesis was absent in i-hVWFs.

Conclusions:
The senescence of hVWFs significantly increased from the seventh passage, and we successfully used hTERT to immortalize hVWFs derived from patients with POP. Studies on POP that require a long-lived hVWF line will benefit from our technique.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as an Emerging Risk Factor and Potential Intervention Target for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Zhang Daqing , Mi Zhen , Peng Jiya , Yang Tiangui , Han Yuze , Zhai Yujia , Song Chenliang , Teng Xianzhuo , Sun Wei , Guo Jing , Bilonda Kabeya Paulin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an underappreciated independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). In recent years, the risk of ASCVD has increased along with the prevalence of NAFLD. ASCVD events are highly prevalent and are the main contributor to death in patients with NAFLD. The association between NAFLD and ASCVD has been validated in numerous observational, cohort, and genetic studies. Most of these studies agree that NAFLD significantly increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis and ASCVD. In addition, the underlying proatherosclerotic mechanisms of NAFLD have been gradually revealed; both disorders share several common pathophysiologic mechanisms including insulin resistance, whereas systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia driven by NAFLD directly promote atherosclerosis. Recently, NAFLD, as an emerging risk enhancer for ASCVD, has attracted attention as a potential treatment target for ASCVD. This brief review aims to illustrate the potential mechanistic insights, present recent clinically relevant investigations, and further explore the emerging therapies such as novel antidiabetic and lipid-lowering agents that could improve NAFLD and reduce ASCVD risk.
Role of Cisplatin Dose Intensity and TPMT Variation in the Development of Hearing Loss in Children
Authors: Siemens Angela , Brooks Beth , Rassekh S. Rod , Meijer Annelot J.M. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Mary M. , Xu Wei , Loucks Catrina M. , Ross Colin J.D. , Carleton Bruce C. ,   on behalf of the Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network for Drug Safety Consortium
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cisplatin, widely used in the treatment of solid tumors, causes permanent hearing loss in more than 60% of treated children. Previous studies have implicated several clinical factors in the development of ototoxicity, including cumulative cisplatin dose. However, the role of cisplatin dose intensity in the development of hearing loss in children remains unclear. Pharmacogenetic studies have also identified genetic variants in TPMT that increase the risk of cisplatin-induced hearing loss. This study aims to determine whether cisplatin dose intensity contributes to the risk of hearing loss in children and whether genetic variations in TPMT further modifies the risk of cisplatin-induced hearing loss.

Methods:
The authors genotyped 371 cisplatin-treated children for the presence of any 3 TPMT-risk variants. Patients were categorized into high-, moderate-, and low-intensity cisplatin dosing groups according to the cisplatin dose administered per unit time. Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to compare the cumulative incidence of hearing loss between the genotype and dose intensity groups.

Results:
Patients receiving cisplatin at high dose intensity experienced significantly higher incidences of ototoxicity than those receiving cisplatin at low dose intensity (P = 9 × 10−7). Further stratification by TPMT genotype revealed that carriers of ≥1 TPMT variants receiving high-intensity cisplatin developed ototoxicity sooner and more often than their wild-type counterparts (93.8% vs. 56.6% at 12 months; P = 5 × 10−5) and noncarriers receiving low-intensity cisplatin (21.2% at 12 months).

Conclusions:
Cisplatin dose intensity is strongly associated with ototoxicity development in children, and this risk is further increased by the presence of TPMT-risk alleles.
Usefulness of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Pharmacogenetics for a Patient Treated with Olanzapine, Buspirone, and Fluvoxamine: A Case Study
Authors: Ding Jing , Yang Liu , Zhang Yan , Meng Zhuocheng , Ren Jianli , Zhang Suo , Liu Jiarui , Cui Xiaohua 
Published: March 2023

Background:
A patient, with a mental disorder caused by an intracranial infection, treated with olanzapine, fluvoxamine, and buspirone. The plasma exposure of olanzapine was too high at standard doses, with evidence indicating that it was caused by drug–drug interactions.

Methods:
Using pharmacogenomics and therapeutic drug monitoring to guide drug dose adjustment for a patient in clinical practice.

Results:
The patient underwent pharmacogenetic testing in addition to therapeutic drug monitoring as part of a pharmacist-led comprehensive evaluation of medication therapy management in a clinical setting, resulting in improved clinical efficacy that allowed discharge from a psychiatric hospital.

Conclusions:
This case study demonstrates that therapeutic drug monitoring combined with pharmacogenetic-guided dose adjustment can aid in the management of patients receiving complex pharmacological treatments.
Prophylactic salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy as a two-staged alternative for primary prevention of ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: women's point of view
Authors: Mohr-Sasson Aya , Dadon Tal , Perri Tamar , Rosenblat Orgad , Friedman Eitan , Korach Jacob 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to determine BRCA-mutation carrier women's interest and acceptability of participating in a study examining prophylactic salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy (PSDO) as an alternative to the current recommendation for bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for risk reduction.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. All women visiting the high-risk clinics for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in a single tertiary medical center were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning the two-stage approach from October 2018 to December 2019. Before completing the questionnaire, detailed explanation was given by a senior physician regarding the procedure, related background, possible risks, and benefits.

Results
The study population included 293 women, of whom 183 (62.4%) were BRCA1 mutation carriers, 97 (33.1%) were BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 13 (4.4%) had unknown familial mutation. Risk-reducing surgery was completed in 160 (55.17%) of the women. First-degree and second-degree family history was reported in 166 (57.24%) and 52 (17.9%) of the women, respectively. Among women surveyed, more than half of the women (n = 66 [51%]) who had yet to undergo risk-reducing surgery reported interest in having PSDO. Similarly, among those who had already received prophylactic surgery, 64 (40%) also considered PSDO to be an acceptable alternative. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found family history of related malignancies to be the only independent factor associated with reduced interest in a study of PSDO (odds ratio, 0.15 [95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.77]; P = 0.02).

Conclusions
Overall, BRCA-mutation carrier women indicated interest in PSDO risk-reducing surgery, taking into consideration the potential additional risk. These findings suggest that a clinical study exploring the equivalence of PSDO as alternative treatment is feasible.
Development and psychometric properties of a measurement to ascertain the impact of genitourinary symptoms on health-related quality of life in menopausal women: the Cervantes-GSM questionnaire
Authors: Baquedano Laura , Rejas-Gutiérrez Javier , Coronado Pluvio J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Cervantes-GSM questionnaire is a novel tool currently being developed to examine the impact of genitourinary symptoms on health-related quality of life in adult women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).

Methods
A literature review and cognitive debriefing were conducted in women with GSM, which provided the basis for creating a draft questionnaire. This draft version was pilot-tested to check participant comprehension and ease of completion. The initial draft was then refined to obtain a 15-item version with five domains whose initial psychometric properties were analyzed in 130 adult women with GSM. The psychometric properties tested in this study were factorial structure, feasibility, reliability, and construct validity.

Results
The Cervantes-GSM 15-item questionnaire consists of five domains: vulvovaginal symptoms, urinary symptoms, psychological (emotions), interference with daily activities, and sexuality. The instrument was shown to be feasible and easy to complete, regardless of age or educational level. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach α = 0.88). Construct validity was supported by convergent-divergent validity showing higher correlation coefficients between items in their own domain (>0.70) than with the other items and domains in the questionnaire. Cervantes-GSM also showed known group validity with significant differences in total score and most domains (13-20 points, P < 0.01) regardless of whether women chose local treatment of their genitourinary symptoms.

Conclusion
This study presents a novel questionnaire capable of assessing health-related quality of life in menopausal women with GSM. The tool has shown acceptable preliminary psychometric properties, including feasibility, factor structure, construct validity, and internal consistency.
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Children With Severe Dengue During the 2019–2020 Outbreak in Southern Colombia
Authors: Restrepo Arias Valeria Camila , Salgado García Doris M. , Merchán-Galvis Angela M. , Narváez Carlos F. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is characterized by uncontrolled activation of inflammatory cells and an exaggerated release of cytokines. It can be triggered by different factors, including viruses, such as dengue. The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical and laboratory profiles of children with severe dengue and HLH, and to identify the risk factors for this clinical complication.

Methods:
An analytical study was conducted in children with severe dengue who were treated in an intensive care unit between January 2019 and March 2020. Clinical and laboratory factors were compared between patients with and without HLH.

Results:
HLH represented 13.4% (15/112) of children with severe dengue. Patients with HLH had a long-lasting fever (10.1 vs. 5.8 days; P = 0.012), low hemoglobin levels (7.6 vs. 10.8 g/dL; P = 0.000) and high aspartate aminotransferase values (4443 vs. 1061 U/L; P = 0.002), alanine transaminase (1433 vs. 487 U/L; P = 0.004), partial thromboplastin time (80.6 vs. 51.8 seconds; P = 0.010), prothrombin time (23.5 vs. 19.6 seconds; P = 0.024), triglycerides (333.7 vs. 223.2 mg/dL; P = 0.005), lactate dehydrogenase (4209 vs. 1947 U/L; P = 0.006), soluble CD25 (3488 vs. 1026 pg/mL; P = 0.014), and presented with higher frequency of myocarditis (66.7% vs. 38.3%; P = 0.048), hepatitis (5.3% vs. 1.3%; P = 0.014), bacterial coinfection (73.3% vs. 26.7%; P = 0.010) and fatal outcome (26% vs. 5%; P = 0.037).

Conclusions:
HLH is a serious life-threatening clinical complication of dengue virus infection that must be considered, particularly during outbreaks.
Expanding the Differential for Alternative Diagnoses in the Workup of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Kaneta Kelli , Malhotra Sanchi , Szmuszkovicz Jacqueline , Mohandas Sindhu , White Sarah , Wu Susan 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Children are increasingly admitted for MIS-C evaluation, but instead found to have alternative diagnoses.

Methods:
Retrospective study of all pediatric patients <21 years of age hospitalized between August 1, 2020, and July 31, 2021, with clinical concern for MIS-C at the time of presentation were identified through use of an institutional computerized MIS-C order entry set. Final diagnoses were then collected through primary review of the medical record from the time of initial presentation through 1-month postdischarge.

Results:
Of 359 cases identified through the MIS-C order entry set, 126 (35.1%) met criteria for MIS-C, 28 had Kawasaki Disease (KD) (7.8%), and 11 cases met criteria for both MIS-C and KD (3.1%), leaving 194 (54.0%) patients ruled out and categorized as “MIS-C mimickers.” Infectious diagnoses were the most common MIS-C mimickers (78.9%). Of the infectious etiologies, bacterial (51.0%) and viral (52.3%) etiologies were seen with similar frequency.

Conclusions:
We describe MIS-C mimickers spanning multiple subspecialties, with infectious etiologies predominating, which can aid clinicians in the consideration of diagnostic testing, with the goal of achieving timely and accurate diagnoses.
Worldwide Prevalence of Carbapenem Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Tavasol Arian , Khademolhosseini Sara , Noormohamad Mehdi , Ghasemi Maryam , Mahram Hadis , Salimi Maryam , Fathi Mobina , Sardaripour Alireza , Zangi Masood 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAcinetobacter baumanniiis an opportunistic pathogen that can cause hospital-acquired infections. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led to a significant increase in the incidence of acquired drug resistance among clinical isolates ofA. baumannii. This study aims to assess the resistance to carbapenems betweenA. baumanniiclinical isolates using a meta-analysis study.MethodsThe databases of Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Iranian national databases (SID, Magiran, and IranMedex) were searched until 2020. Studies were analyzed based on the random-effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated by calculating theI2index. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA (version 14.2; StataCorp, College Station, Tex).ResultsFinally, 46 articles were found to meet the criteria, with a total sample size of 62,779 cases. Resistance to imipenem and meropenem was detected in 62% and 64% of cases, respectively. The sensitivity ofA. baumanniiclinical isolates to imipenem and meropenem was obtained at 34% and 37%, respectively. In addition, the highest resistance to imipenem and meropenem was estimated in Asia (67% and 70%, respectively). However, the lowest resistance to imipenem and meropenem was estimated in Europe (50% and 57%, respectively).ConclusionThe carbapenem resistance ofA. baumanniiis a global health problem that affects public health in the community. Based on our results, because of the high resistance ofA. baumanniito carbapenems, the extensive use of carbapenems is less recommended.
Drug treatment of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Lui Grace , Guaraldi Giovanni 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 6.6 million deaths globally. Tremendous efforts have been committed for the development of new and repurposed drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. Although different international and national guidelines share consensus in the management of COVID-19 disease with different levels of severity, new challenges have emerged, steering the need for ongoing research in advancing the clinical management of COVID-19.

Recent findings
This review focuses on recent data from randomized trials and postmarketing real-world evidence for the treatment of mild to moderate disease in the outpatient setting and patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with varying level of severity. Relevant data for treatment of the latest omicron sub-variants in people who received vaccination are presented. Challenges in special populations, including immunocompromised hosts, patients with renal failure and pregnant women, are also discussed.

Summary
Treatment of COVID-19 should be personalized according to host characteristics, degree of severity and available treatment options.
Gram-negative pulmonary infections – advances in epidemiology and diagnosis
Authors: Radulescu Mihaela , Gant Vanya 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
Pulmonary infections due to Gram-negative organisms are increasing worldwide and traditional assumptions that these are limited to hospital and ventilator-acquired pneumonia are rapidly falling away. Accordingly, empiric antibiotic guidelines have to follow suit with ever broader spectrum choices in order to remain ‘safe’, as the Global prevalence of extensively resistant Gram-negative organisms inexorably increases. Rapid, multiplex PCR-based detection of a wide variety of potential pathogens offers the opportunity to replace empiric antibiotic choices with targeted, evidence-based therapy in clinically actionable timeframes.

Recent findings
Here, we describe the data underpinning both the increasing global prevalence of Gram-negative pulmonary infections and their increasing antibiotic resistance. We also describe the performance, characteristics and early emerging clinical impact of already available rapid molecular diagnostic platforms and how they might best be deployed.

Summary
It will likely be advantageous to replace the current trend for empiric prescription of increasingly broad-spectrum antibiotics with ‘same day’ evidence-based, targeted therapy using high performance, rapid molecular diagnostic solutions. Several challenges remain be overcome, however, to fully realize their clear potential for better, focussed deployment of antibiotics, improved patient outcomes and antibiotic stewardship.