bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measures of Connectivity and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Volumes and Depressive Symptoms Following Treatment With Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Adolescents
Authors: Lee Kyung Hwa , Shin Jiyoon , Lee Jung , Yoo Jae Hyun , Kim Jae-Won , Brent David A. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered a first-line pharmacological treatment for adolescent depression with moderate or higher levels of symptom severity. Thus, it is important to understand neurobiological changes related to SSRIs during the course of treatment for adolescents with depression.ObjectiveTo examine neurobiological changes associated with SSRI treatment in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) by measuring longitudinal changes in volume and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a core region of cognitive control.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was conducted with an open-label design. Adolescents with MDD and healthy controls were recruited at the Seoul National University Hospital (Seoul, South Korea). Adolescents with MDD were treated with escitalopram for 8 weeks. Data analysis was conducted between April 2021 and February 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDepressive symptoms were assessed using the Children’s Depression Rating Scale–Revised. The outcome measure was defined as the change in Children’s Depression Rating Scale–Revised scores from week 0 (before treatment) to week 8 (after treatment) or upon termination. Participants completed structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) assessments before (week 0) and after (week 8) SSRI treatment. Repeated measures analysis of variance and liner mixed model analyses were used to examine the longitudinal associations of SSRI treatment with DLPFC volume and rsFC between responders who showed at least a 40% decrease in depressive symptoms and nonresponders who did not.ResultsNinety-five adolescents with MDD and 57 healthy controls were initially recruited. The final analyses of volume included 36 responders (mean [SD] age, 15.0 [1.6] years; 25 girls [69.4%]) and 26 nonresponders (mean [SD] age, 15.3 [1.5] years; 19 girls [73.1%]). Analyses of rsFC included 33 responders (mean [SD] age, 15.2 [1.5] years; 21 girls [63.6%]) and 26 nonresponders (mean [SD] age, 15.3 [1.5] years; 19 girls [73.1%]). The longitudinal associations of SSRI treatment were more evident in responders than in nonresponders. Responders showed significantly increased right DLPFC volume, decreased bilateral DLPFC rsFC with the superior frontal gyri, and decreased left DLPFC rsFC with the ventromedial PFC after treatment compared with before treatment. Furthermore, increased right DLPFC volume was correlated with decreased rsFC between the right DLPFC and superior frontal gyri after SSRI treatment.Conclusions and RelevanceThe preliminary results of this cohort study suggest that the DLPFC volumetric and rsFC changes may serve as potential neurobiological treatment markers that are associated with symptom improvement in adolescents with MDD.
Regulating Orientational Crystallization and Buried Interface for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by a Multi‐Fluorine‐Containing Higher Fullerene Derivative
Authors: Song Peiquan , Hou Enlong , Liang Yuming , Luo Jiefeng , Xie Liqiang , Qiu Jianhang , Tian Chengbo , Wei Zhanhua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerovskite films prepared by the solution process usually result in irregular grain orientation and rich buried interface defects, hindering the further improvement of device performance. Herein, multi‐fluorine‐containing C60‐ and C70 (higher fullerene)‐porphyrin derivatives, F60PD and F70PD, are synthesized and pre‐buried to modify the SnO2/perovskite heterointerface. The F70PD modification layer provides a better perovskite quality and more effective electron transporting capability compared to the corresponding F60PD, with the F70PD being more effective in regulating the perovskite growth, passivating the buried interface defects, and optimizing the interface energy level alignment. Consequently, the F70PD‐based device delivers superior efficiency and stability than the control and F60PD‐based devices. The F70PD‐based device yields a champion efficiency of 24.09% with negligible hysteresis. Meanwhile, due to the increased activation energy of ion migration, the F70PD‐based device maintains 80% of its initial efficiency after operating at the maximum power point for 1620 h. This study highlights the potential of designing higher fullerene materials for buried interface to further improve the perovskite solar cells’ performance.
Flexible Sponge‐Based Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting from Land and Water Transportation
Authors: Xu Hui , Wang Xiutong , Nan Youbo , Zhou Hui , Wu Yan , Wang Mingxing , Liu Weilong , Duan Jizhou , Huang Yanliang , Hou Baorong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) devices with high robustness are promising in collecting powerful energy. In this study, highly elastic and pressure‐resistance sponge fabricated TENG capable of adapting to high strength impact in land and water transportation and scalable for any shape is demonstrated for harvesting wave energy and mechanical energy. The polydimethylsiloxane sponge prepared by sacrificial template method has interconnected network and large size ratio of cavity‐wall suitable for contact and separation. The operation modes of self‐contact and extra‐contact collaborating with MXene in electron transfer provide options for different operating conditions. The polydopamine‐MXene modification of the sponge enables higher output due to the combination of the electronegativity, excellent adhesion, and antioxidant ability. Sponges are used to collect mechanical energy and applied for TENG‐powered cathodic protection, making the 304 stainless steel (304 SS, Φ = 2 mm) electrode enter a thermodynamic stable state. What's more, the work also tries the universal strategies of program monitoring wave in the water tank and harvests the mechanical energy created by cars and passers‐by, which enrich the applications of sponge TENG.
Utilizing Magnetic‐Field Modulation to Efficiently Improve the Performance of LiCoO2||Graphite Pouch Full Batteries
Authors: Zhang Weijun , Gao Jingguo , Huang Yulin , Xu Guigui , Chen Yue , Zhao Guiying , Lin Yingbin , Huang Zhigao , Li Jiaxin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present lithium‐ion battery technology competition almost focuses on finding new materials, while less effort is invested in electrode engineering improvement with low‐cost. This study proposes a simple method of modulating the preferred orientation of crystal phases in LiCoO2 electrode using a ≈500 mT magnetic‐field, cheaply and efficiently improving the performance of LiCoO2||graphite pouch full batteries, including cycling stability, rate performance, and thermal safety performance. Under 3.0 C and 45 °C strict test conditions, LiCoO2‐M⊥||graphite battery even outputs the capacity retention rate of 42.8% after 1000 cycles, while that of pure‐LiCoO2 battery is only 4.4%. Especially, the thermal runaway temperature of the battery needling experiment decreases by considerable 7.7 °C after magnetic‐field modulation. Comprehensive characterizations reveal that vertical magnetic field causes spin alignment of LiCoO2 crystals along the (003) direction. This arrangement effectively improves the Li+ diffusion dynamic and the interface compatibility of the electrode, suppressing the electrode polarization. During the cycling processes, the preferred orientation of LiCoO2 particles forms an enhanced conductive network due to the formation of cross‐linked “Li+ poor regions” on the surface, ultimately achieving significant performance improvement. This work can provide a potential low‐cost strategy for the production of commercial lithium‐ion batteries.
A Multiple Resonance Emitter Integrating Para‐B‐π‐B′/Meta‐N‐π‐N Pattern via an Unembedded Organoboron Decoration for Both High‐Efficiency Solution‐ and Vacuum‐Processed OLEDs
Authors: Wang Hui , Fan Xiao‐Chun , Chen Jia‐Xiong , Cheng Ying‐Chun , Zhang Xi , Wu Hao , Xiong Xin , Yu Jia , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao‐Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultiple resonance (MR)‐type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have promising prospects for high‐color‐purity organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), but they are seldom attempted in the fabrication of solution‐processed devices. In addition, another issue with MR‐TADF emitters is that their heteroatom patterns are very limited, hampering their diversity. Herein, a novel double boron (B)‐containing MR‐TADF paradigm that merges an unembedded organoboron unit and a B‐embedded π‐fused MR framework into one system, furnishing a unique para‐B‐π‐B′/meta‐N (nitrogen)‐π‐N molecular pattern is proposed. Based on this, a proof‐of‐concept molecule, BNB′‐1, is developed, simultaneously achieving a bright sharp emission peaking at 540 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of only 24.5 nm/98 meV, a nearly unity photoluminescence quantum yield and excellent organic solubility. A solution‐processed OLED using BNB′‐1 emitter delivers an impressive external quantum efficiency (EQE) as high as 36.2% with an emissive FWHM of only 30.0 nm/0.13 eV at ≈540 nm; both parameters set new records among the ever‐reported solution‐processed MR‐OLEDs. Moreover, BNB′‐1 also obtains a superhigh EQE of 40.3% in vacuum‐processed OLEDs, surpassing all MR‐OLEDs in the similar emission region. This work provides an interesting solution to develop high‐performance solution‐processable MR‐TADF emitters with diverse heteroatom patterns.
3D Covalent Polyoxovanadate‐Organic Framework as an Anode for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Yingnan , Li Wenliang , Li Yingqi , Qiu Tianyu , Mu Xin , Ma Yuzhu , Zhao Yan , Zhang Jingping , Zhang Jiangwei , Li Yangguang , Tan Huaqiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs), as a unique class well‐defined metal‐oxo clusters with excellent multielectron redox properties, have attracted extensive attention in the field of energy storage and conversion, but it is still challenging to achieve their highly uniform and stable monodispersed. In this study, for the first time, polyoxovanadate (POV) is used, (NH4)2[VIV3VV3O10{NH2C(CH2O)3}3] (tris‐V6O19), as nodes and successfully obtain a 3D covalent polyoxovanadate‐organic framework through a green hydrothermal synthesis method, termed POF‐1. Total scattering atomic pair distribution function analysis confirms that POF‐1 has a noninterpenetrated diamond‐like framework, fully exposing the monodispersed tris‐V6O19, effectively utilizing the active components of VIV/VV and enhancing surface mass transfer. Notably, POF‐1 demonstrates exceptional performance in lithium‐ion batteries, achieving a high reversible capacity of 887.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and retaining over 92% capacity at 1 C during 1000 cycles. Electrochemistry mechanism and density functional theory calculations reveal that V centers in tris‐V6O19 and carbonyls (C═O) in BDOEB linkers are the main active sites, with each POF‐1 fragment capable of storing up to 14 Li+. This study opens a new pathway for the efficient and green synthesis of new 3D well‐defined POM‐organic frameworks, and shows great application prospect in the field of energy storage.
Solution‐Processed Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework Nanofilms for High‐Performance Resistive Memory Devices
Authors: Yang Xue , Huang Jian , Gao Shuiying , Zhao Yanqi , Huang Tao , Li Hongfang , Liu Tianfu , Yu Zhiyang , Cao Rong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe integration of hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) into electronic devices holds great promise due to their high crystallinity, intrinsic porosity, and easy regeneration. However, despite their potential, the utilization of HOFs in electronic devices remains largely unexplored, primarily due to the challenges associated with fabricating high‐quality films. Herein, a controlled synthesis of HOF nanofilms with smooth surface, good crystallinity, and high orientation is achieved using a solution‐processed approach. The memristors exhibit outstanding bipolar switching performance with a low set voltage of 0.86 V, excellent retention of 1.64 × 104 s, and operational endurance of 60 cycles. Additionally, these robust memristors display remarkable thermal stability, maintaining their performance even at elevated temperatures of up to 200 °C. More strikingly, scratched HOF films can be readily regenerated through a simple solvent rinsing process, enabling their reuse for the fabrication of new memristors, which is difficult to achieve with traditional resistive switching materials. Additionally, a switching mechanism based on the reversible formation and annihilation of conductive filaments is revealed. This work provides novel and invaluable insights that have a significant impact on advancing the widespread adoption of HOFs as active layers in electronic devices.
Inhibiting Oil Overflow in Electrowetting Display through Selectively Hydrophilic Modification of the Pixel Wall Based on Polydopamine and Polydopamine/Polyvinylpyrrolidone via Regional Protection Strategy
Authors: Xu Fan , Chen Wangqiao , Tang Biao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to the advantages of low power consumption, visual health, flexibility, and the potential of color dynamics, Electrowetting Display (EWD) has obtained rapid development in recent decades. One issue that affects the display effect and the lifetime of EWD devices is the overflow of oil across the pixel wall when a high electric field is applied. This paper adopts a method through selectively hydrophilic modification of the pixel wall based on dopamine self‐polymerization via a regional protection strategy by liquid. The static contact angle decreases from 75.4° for the original surface to 48.8° for the modified surface. Due to the limited hydrophilicity of dopamine itself, it is difficult to further improve the surface hydrophilicity of the pixel wall. Taking polydopamine as the intermediate layer, the pixel wall is further modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) through multiple hydrogen bonds. The results show that the static contact angle decreased from 48.8° to 29.2° again, resulting in a larger wettability gradient between the pixel wall and the hydrophobic area. In addition, the phenomenon of oil overflow is significantly prevented. When the EWD device is operated at a high voltage (60 V), no oil flows over the pixel wall.
Revitalizing Inert Materials: Grafting Self‐Oscillating, Stimuli‐Responsive Organometallic Polymers for Pulsating Systems
Authors: Pirkin‐Benameur Johanne , Bouad Vincent , Lefèbvre Flora , Bouyer Denis , Sénéchal‐David Katell , Rebilly Jean‐Noël , Banse Frédéric , Fournier David , Woisel Patrice , Lyskawa Joël , Quemener Damien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA major challenge in materials science is dynamically adjusting material properties using sensors and control systems. This contribution develops a new approach using a self‐oscillating copolymer to autonomously change material surface properties in response to environmental changes. A redox‐sensitive terpolymer of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), dimethylacrylamide (DMAc), and an iron‐based comonomer ([(phen)2(phen‐5‐yl‐acrylamide)FeII](PF6)2) is synthesized via Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) polymerization, catalyzing an oscillating redox reaction (Belousov‐Zhabotinsky, BZ). The terpolymer oscillates from soluble to insoluble around 35 °C based on the iron's oxidation state. A catechol unit is incorporated to enhance versatility, enabling grafting onto different surfaces. Optimal BZ reagent concentrations are explored for maximum oscillation amplitude and frequency. By selecting a working temperature between redox transition points, the copolymer's oscillation from coil to globular conformation is observed due to redox oscillations. The self‐oscillating copolymer is grafted onto an ultrafiltration membrane, where conformational changes cause variations in pore size, leading to rapid negative flux peaks that disrupt the flux and reduce membrane fouling during protein filtration. This study highlights self‐oscillating polymers' ability to impart dynamic properties to inert materials, paving the way for smart materials with self‐regulating properties to adapt to changing conditions.
Parabolic Mirror‐Assisted Thermoelectric and Radiative Cooling System for Maximizing Power Generation Utilizing Solar and Outer Space Thermodynamic Resources
Authors: Jeong Ik Hoon , Park Sang Wook , Kim Min Seong , Kim June Tae , Lee Gil Ju 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRadiative cooling technology is extensively researched as a green technology, leveraging outer space as a thermodynamic resource. Recently, integrating thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and radiative coolers (RCs) are proposed to generate power using the temperature difference between the ambient and the radiative cooler. However, current TEG‐RC systems only utilize one thermodynamic resource, resulting in suboptimal efficiency. It proposes a parabolic mirror‐assisted TEG‐RC system that fully utilizes both the Sun and outer space as thermodynamic resources. The system places the hot side of the TEG, covered by a solar absorber (SA), at the focal point of the parabolic mirror, while the RC is located on the cold side of the TEG. Theoretical and experimental results reveal the optimal ratio between the RC and SA sizes to balance the power mismatch between cooling and heating powers. It also finds that the number of TEG stacks significantly affects power generation efficiency and determines the optimal number. Outdoor measurements demonstrate exceptional power generation during the daytime, which is an unprecedented achievement. This study also demonstrates the further enhancement in power generation efficiency when the proposed system is integrated with concentrated solar cells instead of the SA.
Key Determining Factors for the Emitting Dipole Orientation of Exciplexes
Authors: Jang Ho Jin , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lim Jun Seop , Kim Jae‐Min , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExciplexes have attracted interest as hosts and emitters that provide high efficiency and long lifetimes in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the emitting dipole orientation (EDO) of exciplexes has been overlooked despite its importance for high efficiency. In this work, the EDO of exciplexes is investigated by changing the p‐type host. Various p‐type hosts are mixed with 2,4,6‐tris[3‐(diphenylphosphinyl)phenyl]‐1,3,5‐triazine for exciplex formation. The EDO of the exciplexes is aligned vertically with p‐type hosts having hydrophobic or electron‐poor central units while dispersing the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) at the end of the molecules, whereas it is isotropic with p‐type hosts having widely distributed HOMO on the whole molecular structure without any orientation‐managing central unit. The results show that EDO can be correlated with the outcoupling efficiency of exciplex OLEDs.
Thermally Reversible On‐Off Switching of Aggregation‐Induced Emission via LCST Phase Transition of Ionic Liquids in Water
Authors: Iwasawa Hironobu , Uchida Daisuke , Hara Yoichi , Tanaka Masaki , Nakamura Nobuhumi , Ohno Hiroyuki , Ichikawa Takahiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA new phosphonium‐based ionic liquid is designed and synthesized using the 1,1,2,2‐tetraphenylethene‐derived anion ([P4444]4[TSPE]). Aqueous solutions of [P4444]4[TSPE] are obtained as transparent liquids (monophasic state), which suspended with increasing temperature. This behavior is found to exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase transition behavior. The LCST phase transition temperature can be controlled from 36 to 55 °C by changing the weight ratio between [P4444]4[TSPE] and water. When observing the LCST phase transition behavior of aqueous solutions of [P4444]4[TSPE] under excitation light with a wavelength of 365 nm, negligible photoluminescence in the monophasic state is observed at room temperature. Conversely, strong photoluminescence is observed in the suspended state when the temperature is above the LCST phase transition temperature. This strong photoluminescence is attributed to aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) that is induced by the restriction of the intramolecular rotations of the 4‐sulfophenyl groups against the ethylene core in the [TSPE] anion. This behavior is thermally reversible. This is the first example of on‐off switching of AIE achieved using the LCST behavior of ionic liquids.
Exploring the 3D Conformation of Hard‐Core Soft‐Shell Particles Adsorbed at a Fluid Interface
Authors: Vialetto Jacopo , Camerin Fabrizio , Ramakrishna Shivaprakash N. , Zaccarelli Emanuela , Isa Lucio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe encapsulation of a rigid core within a soft polymeric shell allows obtaining composite colloidal particles that retain functional properties, e.g., optical or mechanical. At the same time, it favors their adsorption at fluid interfaces with a tunable interaction potential to realize tailored two‐dimensional (2D) materials. Although they have already been employed for 2D assembly, the conformation of single particles, which is essential to define the monolayer properties, has been largely inferred via indirect or ex situ techniques. Here, by means of in situ atomic force microscopy experiments, the authors uncover the interfacial morphology of hard‐core soft‐shell microgels, integrating the data with numerical simulations to elucidate the role of the core properties, of the shell thicknesses, and that of the grafting density. They identify that the hard core can influence the conformation of the polymer shells. In particular, for the case of small shell thickness, low grafting density, or poor core affinity for water, the core protrudes more into the organic phase, and the authors observe a decrease in‐plane stretching of the network at the interface. By rationalizing their general wetting behavior, such composite particles can be designed to exhibit specific inter‐particle interactions of importance both for the stabilization of interfaces and for the fabrication of 2D materials with tailored functional properties.
Achieving Highly Efficient Warm‐White Light Emission in All‐Inorganic Copper‐Silver Halides via Structural Regulation
Authors: Wang Sijia , Liu Runze , Li Juntao , Sun Fengke , Yang Qing , Li Shunshun , Liu Jianyong , Chen Junsheng , Cheng Pengfei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSingle‐component metal halides with white light emission are highly attractive for solid‐state lighting applications, but it is still challenging to develop all‐inorganic lead‐free metal halides with high white‐light emission efficiency. Herein, by rationally introducing silver (Ag) into zero‐dimensional (0D) Cs3Cu2Br5 as new structural building unit, a one‐dimensional (1D) bimetallic halide Cs6Cu3AgBr10 is designed that emits strong warm‐white light with an impressive photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 94.5% and excellent stability. This structural transformation lowers the conduction band minimum while maintaining the localized nature of the valence band maximum, which is crucial in expanding the excitation spectrum and obtaining efficient self‐trapped excitons (STEs) emission simultaneously. Detailed spectroscopy studies reveal that the white‐light originates from triplet STEs emission, which can be remarkably improved by weakening the strong electron‐phonon coupling and thus suppressing phonon‐induced non‐radiative processes. Moreover, the interesting temperature‐dependent emission behavior, together with self‐absorption‐free property, make Cs6Cu3AgBr10 as sensitive luminescent thermometer and high‐performance X‐ray scintillator, respectively. These findings demonstrate a general approach to achieving effective single‐component white‐light emitters based on lead‐free, all‐inorganic metal halides, thereby opening up a new avenue to explore their versatile applications such as lighting, temperature detection and X‐ray imaging.