bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambulante Pflege in den ersten beiden Wellen der COVID-19-Pandemie: Herausforderungen für Personal und Pflegebedürftige
Authors: Preuß Benedikt , Schmidt Annika , Seibert Kathrin , Hoel Viktoria , Domhoff Dominik , Heinze Franziska , Wiegelmann Henrik , Rothgang Heinz , Wolf-Ostermann Karin 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
In der COVID-19-Pandemie zählen Pflegebedürftige zu den besonders vulnerablen Bevölkerungsgruppen. Ambulante Pflegedienste befanden sich gerade zu Beginn der Pandemie in einer Ausnahmesituation. In dieser Arbeit sollen die Situation und die Probleme der Pflegedienste und der versorgten Pflegebedürftigen in den ersten beiden Wellen der Pandemie in Deutschland untersucht werden.

Methoden
Während der ersten beiden COVID-19-Wellen wurden zwei Querschnittstudien durchgeführt (erste Befragung: 28.04.–12.05.2020, zweite Befragung: 12.01.–07.02.2021). Insgesamt wurden Daten aus N = 1029 ambulanten Pflegediensten in die Analyse einbezogen. Die Analyse erfolgte anhand deskriptiver Maßzahlen.

Ergebnisse
Die Klient:innen von Pflegediensten waren in den ersten beiden Wellen der Pandemie stark belastet. Dies zeigt sich einerseits an einem erhöhten Erkrankungsrisiko und einer erhöhten Mortalität und andererseits am Wegfall verschiedener Versorgungs- und Unterstützungsangebote. Letzteres hat z. B. auch negative Auswirkungen auf die psychosoziale Verfassung der Pflegebedürftigen. Die Pflegedienste waren von hohen Personalausfällen und zusätzlicher Arbeit durch Schutzmaßnahmen betroffen.

Diskussion
Die COVID-19-Pandemie führte zu großen Belastungen von Pflegebedürftigen und ambulanten Pflegediensten und zu einer Reduzierung der Versorgungsangebote. Die Verschlechterung der Versorgung traf auf eine bereits angespannte Situation. Es zeigt sich, dass die Versorgung Pflegebedürftiger durch ambulante Pflegedienste nicht krisensicher gestaltet ist und dass zusätzliche Herausforderungen wie die einer Pandemie dramatische Folgen haben können. Zukünftig sollte es verlässliche Strukturen und schnell verfügbare Notfallpläne mit konkreten Handlungsanweisungen geben.
Verletzte Geburtsintegrität während der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland: Erfahrungen von Gebärenden mit der geburtshilflichen Versorgung
Authors: Batram-Zantvoort Stephanie , Alaze Anita , Lazzerini Marzia , Pessa Valente Emanuelle , Mariani Ilaria , Covi Benedetta , Miani Céline 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Die COVID-19-Pandemie könnte die Vulnerabilität von Frauen gegenüber einer Verletzung ihrer Integrität während der Geburt verstärken. In einer Querschnittsstudie (März 2020 bis März 2022) wurde untersucht, wie Gebärende die Geburtshilfe während der Pandemie in Deutschland erlebten und welche Faktoren mit Geburtsintegrität assoziiert sind.

Methodik
In der Befragung (validierter Fragebogen und zwei offene Fragen) beschrieben Frauen ≥ 18 Jahre ihre Erfahrungen mit geburtshilflicher Versorgung. Die quantitative Auswertung erfolgte durch deskriptive Statistik und logistische Regressionsanalysen zum Zusammenhang von Erfahrungen mit geburtshilflicher Versorgung und dem Gefühl, würdevoll behandelt und emotional unterstützt zu sein, gedeutet als gewahrte Geburtsintegrität. Die offenen Fragen wurden mittels qualitativer induktiver Inhaltsanalyse analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Daten von 1271 Gebärenden und 214 Kommentare wurden ausgewertet. Die Mehrheit fühlte sich emotional unterstützt (71 %) und mit Würde behandelt (76 %). Ein Drittel gab an, manchmal oder nie in die Entscheidungsfindung involviert worden zu sein, 14 % sahen sich körperlichen, verbalen oder emotionalen Übergriffen ausgesetzt. Für 57 % der Frauen war die Begleitperson nur begrenzt oder nicht anwesend. Diese Faktoren sind alle mit der Chance assoziiert, sich würdevoll behandelt und emotional unterstützt zu fühlen. Die qualitativen Kommentare geben Aufschluss darüber, was Frauen als integritätsverletzend wahrnehmen.

Diskussion
Während der COVID-19-Pandemie zeigt sich die Vulnerabilität von Gebärenden gegenüber Integritätsverletzungen. Maßnahmen zur Förderung einer respektvollen Geburtshilfe umfassen strukturelle und politische Lösungen sowie Forschung zu weiteren Determinanten von Geburtsintegrität.
Methodology for modelling and simulation of tailored 3D functionally graded auxetic metamaterials
Authors: Páscoa Frederico T. , Machado Carla M. , Cardoso João O. , Borges João Paulo , Velhinho Alexandre 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe description of methodologies for modelling auxetic structures with functional gradient and simulating their behaviour under loading is lacking in the literature, despite an increase of the interest in auxetics and the quantity of experimental data on these structures. This work proposes a method that allows modelling of tailored complex functionally graded auxetic structures, achieved through modifications in the equations defining the basic surfaces that characterize the aforementioned structures. In this method, the simulation studies were performed by means of the finite element method. To showcase the capabilities of this method with complex geometries, the gyroid surface was the chosen example from which to form the auxetic structures. The study was performed on geometries with different gradient types and steepness’s to obtain comprehensive data that allows to infer on the accuracy of the method. The obtained results demonstrate that even for large deformations (> 10%), the simulations concur with the experimental results. The good agreement between computational and experimental results points out the validation of the proposed methodology and the further application for various auxetic structures.
Estimation of temperature in the cutting area during orthogonal turning of grade 2 titanium
Authors: Ślusarczyk Łukasz , Franczyk Emilia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe authors introduce an experimental-analytical method for determining the average temperature values in the PSZ (primary shear zone) and the SSZ (secondary shear zone) during orthogonal turning of grade 2 titanium with a use of an uncoated carbide tool with a positive rake angle and a flat rake face. The presented method is based on an algorithm in which the values of shear stress in the PSZ and the SSZ are calculated by means of the Johnson–Cook constitutive equation and Oxley’s model of cutting mechanics. Average temperature values in the PSZ and the SSZ are determined by iteratively finding the minimum difference between the calculated stress values. As its inputs, the algorithm uses the values of the feed and the tangential cutting force components, the value of chip flow velocity on the rake face, and the constants of the Johnson–Cook constitutive equation. The model was validated with a use of empirical data collected during the experiments. The test rig consisted of a KNUTH Masterturn 400 precision lathe equipped with a dynamometer, a high-speed camera, and a thermal imaging camera.
Analysis of risk variables for association with maxillary sinus mucosal thickenings: a cone-beam computed tomography-based retrospective study
Authors: Betin-Noriega Carolina , Urbano-del Valle Samuel Enrique , Saldarriaga-Naranjo Clara Inés , Obando-Castillo Jorge Luis , Tobón-Arroyave Sergio Iván 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to determine which patient-related, anatomical, pathologic, or iatrogenic variables may be directly associated with and which may have a modifying effect on the generation of maxillary sinus (MS) mucosal thickenings.

Methods
A total of 278 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained from 114 males and 164 females were evaluated. The protocol included the assessment of 21 candidate variables, of which 18 were bilateral and 3 were unique. The relationship among the study variables and the mucosal thickenings were examined individually and adjusted for confounding using univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models.

Results
The prevalence of mucosal thickenings was 71.20% at patient level and 53.40% at sinus level. The ostium height > 28.15 mm, the infundibulum length ≤ 9.55 mm, the infundibulum width ≤ 0.50 mm, along the occurrence of periapical lesions and slight-to-severe periodontal bone loss acted as strong/independent risk variables for MS mucosal thickenings. Confounding and interaction relationships between MS height and depth, and between the alveolar process type and the presence of foreign materials with respect to age stratum > 47.50 years might be also associated with the mucosal thickenings.

Conclusions
While increased ostium height, decreased infundibulum length/width, the presence of periapical lesions and periodontal involvement might be the foremost indicator variables for MS mucosal thickenings, there are synergistic relationships among the increased sinus height and depth as well as aging regarding atrophic/partially atrophic alveolar process status and the presence of foreign materials that may be also associated with a greater proportion of these mucosal abnormalities.
Subspine femoroacetabular impingement: retrospective study of a series of patients treated by hip arthroscopic resection
Authors: Frances Borrego Alberto , Martinez Garcia Alvaro , Del Baño Barragán Laura , Rodríguez González Alberto , Echevarría Marín Marta , Marco Martinez Fernando 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is a common hip pathology that causes pain and functional limitation in young patients. subspine femoroacetabular impingement (SFAI) is an increasingly diagnosed extra-articular subtype that occurs from mechanical conflict of the anteroinferior iliac spine (AIIS) with the cervico-diaphyseal junction during hip flexion, which is poorly described in the literature.

Questions/purposes
We aimed to describe the clinical, functional, and radiological results of the arthroscopic treatment of a group of patients with SFAI treated in our Hip Unit.

Study design
Case series.

Methods
We present a retrospective study of ten patients with SFAI treated between 2013 and 2020 with arthroscopic resection. Clinical results were assessed with scales such as visual analog scale (VAS); modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS). Radiological results were assessed with radiological measurements, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) reconstructions.

Results
Six patients had a Type III AIIS and four of them had Type II. Two patients had previously been surgically treated for FAIS. The range of motion improved in flexion from 107 ± 11 degrees before surgery to 127.5 ± 6 degrees (p = 0.005). MHHS improved from 48.1 (38–75.3) before surgery to 83.1 (57–91) (p = 0.007) and HOOS improved from 65.2 (58–75) to 89 (68.1–100) (p = 0.007). VAS improved from 7.3 (5–9) pre-surgical to 2.5 (0–8) post-surgical (p = 0.005). We did not have significant complications except for an asymptomatic case of heterotopic ossification (Brooker I).

Conclusion
Arthroscopic decompression of AIIS in SFAI patients is a safe procedure that provides satisfactory short-term functional results, improving clinical symptoms, function, sports performance, and range of motion in our study.
Egyptian adaptation and validation of the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Screen (ECAS-EG)
Authors: Soliman Radwa , Rashed Hebatallah R. , Moustafa Ramez R. , Hamdi Nabila , Swelam Mahmoud S. , Osman Ahmad , Fahmy Nagia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common, fatal adult neuromuscular disease. It is a multi-system disorder characterized primarily by motor manifestations, but there is established evidence for cognitive and behavioral impairment, which is associated with poor prognosis, hence, the importance of tools for its assessment. The Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral Assessment Screen (ECAS) is an invaluable assessment tool for cognition in ALS-front temporal spectrum dementia (FTSD), as it accommodates physical challenges that usually confound traditional neuropsychological testing in those patients.

Objective and methods
To validate the Egyptian Arabic version of ECAS (ECAS-EG) based on the original English scale. This is a prospective study. The ECAS was adapted and administered to 62 Egyptian ALS patients and 60 healthy controls. Patients were recruited from the Neuromuscular Unit, Ain Shams University Hospital. The ECAS was adapted to Egyptian Arabic after being translated using the back translation method. Internal consistency of the test, inter-rater reliability, and construct validity were assessed.

Results
The Egyptian Arabic version of ECAS (ECAS-EG) showed good internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84. Inter-rater reliability was tested, values for all variables were compared, and no statistically significant differences were found (ICC = .997). ECAS-EG discriminated significantly between the patients from the control subjects (p-value of 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between the ECAS-EG total score and the MoCA total score with a p-value of 0.001, thus indicating convergent validity. The test showed that 63% of Egyptian ALS patients were cognitively affected; most affected domains were executive functions and verbal fluency.

Conclusion
The current study proves that the Egyptian version of the ECAS (ECAS-EG) is valid and reliable among Egyptian ALS patients and it would be applicable to the general Arabic-speaking population.
The transmittable through stinging microbiota differs between honeybees and wasps: a potentially greater microbial risk of the wasp sting for humans
Authors: Gkitsaki Ioanna , Papachristoforou Alexandros , Michailidou Sofia , Karamvalis Nikolaos , Iliadis Ioannis , Graikini Dimitra , Sakarikou Christina , Tsoukis Evangelos , Argyriou Anagnostis , Giaouris Efstathios 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present research investigated whether accidental contact through stinging with honeybees, wasps, and hornets could represent a microbial hazard for humans. It has been previously suggested that such contact may transmit pathogens causing infections that could even be fatal for some susceptible individuals. Stinging simulation experiments were performed in the lab with live insects collected from the environment in Lemnos Island (north-eastern Greece), while different selective agar media targeting some clinically important bacteria (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis/faecium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were used as substrates for microbial recovery and identification. Results revealed none of the target pathogenic bacterial species in the honeybee samples, with bacilli, staphylococci, and micrococci dominating their surveyed microbiota. However, most of the suspect colonies isolated from wasps and hornets belonged to important hygienic indicators (i.e., enterococci, Proteus mirabilis, and coliforms), implying possible contact of these insects with fecal origin materials. To sum up, the microbiota that may be transmitted to humans through stinging appears to differ between honeybees and wasps/hornets, while the isolation from the latter samples of some other important opportunistic pathogens, such as Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp., also known for multidrug resistance, could be an additional reason of concern.
The role of education in health policy reform outcomes: evidence from Japan
Authors: Oikawa Masato 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the role of education in the outcomes of the reform of the Japanese annual health checkup program. In April 2008, the annual checkup was redesigned to address concerns about metabolic syndrome. As the checkup is mandatory only for salaried workers, their participation rate is significantly higher than other workers; thus, they were most affected by the reform. Using institutional information, a difference-in-differences estimation was conducted with salaried workers as the treatment group and self-employed workers as the control group. We found that the reform caused significant changes in health behaviors and outcomes only among university graduates who were at a relatively high risk of metabolic syndrome. This highly educated group increased their physical activity, brought energy intake close to an ideal level, and achieved significant weight loss and BMI reduction to levels that minimize all-cause mortality among middle-aged Japanese. A secondary analysis implies that the difference in cognitive functioning test scores may be a critical factor in explaining the heterogeneous responses to the reform, suggesting that thoroughly well-articulated recommendations for healthy behaviors are needed in order to improve reform uptake.
Remembering to whom we transmit information during pandemics: the effect of face masks on destination memory
Authors: Pinto Raquel , Lima Diogo , Mello Beatriz , Albuquerque Pedro B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConsidering the global pandemic we currently experience, face masks have become standard in our daily routine. Even though surgical masks are established as a safety measure against the dissemination of COVID-19, previous research showed that their wearing compromises face recognition. Consequently, the capacity to remember to whom we transmit information—destination memory—could also be compromised. In our study, through a between-participants design (experiment 1) and a within-participants design (experiment 2), undergraduate students have to transmit Portuguese proverbs to masked and unmasked celebrity faces. Following our hypothesis, participants who shared information with masked faces had worse destination memory performance than those who shared information with unmasked faces. Also, we observed lower recognition for masked faces compared to unmasked faces. These results were expected since using a surgical mask affects facial recognition, thus making it harder to recognize a person to whom information was previously transmitted. More importantly, these results also support the idea that variables associated with the recipient’s face are important for destination memory performance.
The Integrated Application of Phosphorous and Zinc Affects the Physiological Status, Yield and Quality of Canola Grown in Phosphorus-suffered Deficiency Saline Soil
Authors: Shaaban Ahmed , El-Mageed Taia A. Abd , El-Momen Wasfi Ramadan Abd , Saudy Hani Saber , Al-Elwany Omar A. A. I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite the soil could contain high amount of phosphorus (P), salinity reduce its availability for crop plants. Hence, farmers should practice several tactics to ameliorate P deficiency in soils. The current study aimed to assess the importance of zinc (Zn) supply for mitigating the deficiency of P for canola grown in saline soil. The effects of three Zn rates (0, 150 and 300 mg L−1, Zn0, Zn150and Zn300, respectively) under three P rates (0, 36 and 72 kg P2O5ha−1, P0, P36, and P72, respectively) on physiological status, yield and quality of canola were measured. Treatments were arranged in the strip plot design based on completely randomized blocks with three replicates. Findings exhibited that P36recorded the highest values of membrane stability index in the 2nd season, while statistically leveled P72for relative water content and chlorophyll fluorescence in both seasons. Zn300exhibited potent effect on all canola physiological traits in both seasons. In both seasons, P36 × Zn300, P72 × Zn150and P72 × Zn300showed the maximum chlorophyll fluorescence and performance index values. Plots treated with P72achieved 70.0% increase in canola seed yield, greater than the untreated ones. Seed yield obtained with Zn300were higher than Zn0and Zn150by1.30 and 1.10 times in 2019/20 season and 1.23 and 1.05 times in 2020/21 season. The highest oil % was recorded with P0 × Zn150and P72 × Zn0in the 1st season and with P72 × Zn150in the 2nd season.
The Influence of Diagnostic Labels on the Evaluation of Students: a Multilevel Meta-Analysis
Authors: Franz David J. , Richter Tobias , Lenhard Wolfgang , Marx Peter , Stein Roland , Ratz Christoph 
Published: February 2023

AbstractResearch suggests that children suffering from different types of disorders (learning disorders, behavioral disorders, or intellectual disabilities) are sometimes evaluated differently simply due to the presence of a diagnostic label. We conducted a multilevel meta-analysis of experimental studies (based on data from 8,295 participants and on 284 effects nested in 60 experiments) to examine the magnitude and robustness of such label effects and to explore the impact of potential moderators (type of evaluation, diagnostic category, expertise, student’s gender, and amount and type of information). We found a moderately negative overall label effect (Hedges’ g = −0.42), which was robust across several types of evaluation, different samples, and different diagnostic categories. There was no indication that expertise and the gender of the child moderated the effect. Presenting participants with only a label yielded the strongest negative effect of g = −1.26, suggesting that the effect was dependent on the amount of information being presented to participants. We conclude that labeling a child can exacerbate negative academic evaluations, behavioral evaluations, evaluations of personality, and overall assessments of the child. Further implications for theory and future research are discussed.
Identification of a new type of resistance breaking strain of tomato spotted wilt virus on tomato bearing the Sw-5b resistance gene
Authors: Almási Asztéria , Pinczés Dóra , Tímár Zoltán , Sáray Réka , Palotás Gábor , Salánki Katalin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSw-5b is a widely used resistance gene in tomato breeding to control tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The NSm protein encoded by TSWV is identified as the avirulence (AVR) determinant in Sw-5b-mediated resistance. In the last decades, Sw-5b resistance breaking (RB) isolates were found and identified in many locations around the world. The resistance-breaking phenotype in all the previously verified TSWV Sw-5b RB strains is associated with the NSmC118Y or NSmT120N mutations. In the summer of 2022, a Sw-5b RB TSWV strain was recognized in a greenhouse in Hungary. In inoculation experiments this strain was able to infect tomato plants with the Sw-5b resistance gene. Molecular analysis of the NSm avirulence determinant revealed a single alteration in the NSm protein, D122G mutation was identified. To our knowledge, this is the first report to identify this amino acid alteration associated with resistance-breaking phenotype in Sw-5b resistant tomato plants.