bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Qualification Control of Welding Defects of Coated 15-15Ti Cladding Tube
Authors: Han Junling , Ren Guannan , Peng Limei , Tian Hongyu , Ji Pengbo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhysical property test fuel rod is used for the engineering test and thermal comprehensive experimental verification of lead-cooled reactors. Preliminary electron beam welding (EBW) trials showed that the welding quality of coated 15-15Ti tube and 316L end plug were significantly affected by welding defects. By studying the welding defects with optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it is showed that the inclusions in the coating of the cladding tube enter the welding line during EBW, increasing the tendency to form cracks and leading to welding cracks; the excessively long mating surface between the cladding tube and end plug results in welding gas expansion. Through the design of orthogonal tests with influential parameters including the length of the mating surface of the end plug, the removal amount of the inner wall of the cladding tube and the interference amount on the quality characteristics, the comprehensive effects of these parameters were studied and the best matching structure was determined, which breaks through the difficulty in the welding between 316L end plug and coated 15-15Ti tube, and the welding qualification has been verified to be improved.
Hot-Pressing Sintering and Analytical Characterization of Coated Particle-Dispersed Fuel Pellets
Authors: Liu Wentao , Shao Zongyi , Meng Ying , Li Zongshu , Sui Zheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCoated particle-dispersed fuel pellets have the characteristics of high thermal conductivity and multilayer protection against fission products, which are an important component of ATF fuel. In this paper, by carrying out research on the dressing process of TRISO particles, it is realized that SiC powder completely encapsulates TRISO particles. The hot-pressing sintering method was used to study the influence of different sintering aids, different hot-pressing sintering holding time, different hot-pressing sintering temperature, different hot-pressing sintering pressure and different powder particle size on the density of pellets. The power with a particle size of 10nm is sintered at 3% sintering aid, 1690 ℃, 1.5h holding time, 80 MPa vacuum hot pressing, and a full ceramic micro-encapsulated fuel core with a relative density of 95% or more is prepared, and the internal particle structure is complete.
Impact of comorbidity scores and lifestyle factors in curative radiotherapy in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Pechacova Zdenka , Lohynska Radka , Pala Miloslav , Drbohlavova Tereza , Korinek Tomas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The principal goal of treatment of laryngeal cancer is to eliminate a tumour while preserving laryngeal function with radio(chemo)therapy being the mainstay of treatment. The aim of this report is to present the influence of comorbidities and lifestyle factors on treatment outcomes in our cohort of patients.

Methods
During the period 2009–2018, curative radio(chemo)therapy for laryngeal cancer was performed on 189 patients.

Results
The median OS was 50.8 months, with a mean PFS of 96.5 months, mean LC of 101.4 months and a median follow-up of 38.1 months. Acute and late treatment toxicity grade 3–4 was observed in 39.2% patients and 10.1% patients, respectively. A significant effect on overall survival was confirmed for the baseline PS (performance status), severity of weight loss, baseline haemoglobin values, history of alcohol abuse, marital status and comorbidities according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index, as well as the ACE-27 and ASA scores.

Conclusions
In our cohort of patients treated with radio(chemo)therapy for laryngeal cancer, we found good therapeutic results and an acceptable side-effect profile. Statistically significant predictors of overall survival were the baseline PS, weight loss, anaemia, associated comorbidities, history of alcohol abuse and marital status.
Transurethral injection of autologous muscle precursor cells for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: a prospective phase I clinical trial
Authors: Schmid Florian A. , Prange Jenny A. , Kozomara Marko , Betschart Cornelia , Sousa Rosa A. , Steinke Nicolas , Hunziker Manuela , Lehner Fabienne , Veit Markus , Grossmann Regina , Landsmann Anna , Hötker Andreas M. , Boss Andreas , Mohr-Haralampieva Deana , Eberli Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
The purpose was to investigate the safety and feasibility of transurethral injections of autologous muscle precursor cells (MPCs) into the external urinary sphincter (EUS) to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in female patients.

Methods
Prospective and randomised phase I clinical trial. Standardised 1-h pad test, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), urodynamic study, and MRI of the pelvis were performed at baseline and 6 months after treatment. MPCs gained through open muscle biopsy were transported to a GMP facility for processing and cell expansion. The final product was injected into the EUS via a transurethral ultrasound-guided route. Primary outcomes were defined as any adverse events (AEs) during follow-up. Secondary outcomes were functional, questionnaire, and radiological results.

Results
Ten female patients with SUI grades I–II were included in the study and 9 received treatment. Out of 8 AEs, 3 (37.5%) were potentially related to treatment and treated conservatively: 1 urinary tract infection healed with antibiotics treatment, 1 dysuria and 1 discomfort at biopsy site. Functional urethral length under stress was 25 mm at baseline compared with 30 mm at 6 months’ follow-up (p=0.009). ICIQ-UI-SF scores improved from 7 points at baseline to 4 points at follow-up (p=0.035). MRI of the pelvis revealed no evidence of tumour or necrosis, whereas the diameter of the EUS muscle increased from 1.8 mm at baseline to 1.9 mm at follow-up (p=0.009).

Conclusion
Transurethral injections of autologous MPCs into the EUS for treatment of SUI in female patients can be regarded as safe and feasible. Only a minimal number of expected and easily treatable AEs were documented.
In vitro to in vivo extrapolation and high-content imaging for simultaneous characterization of chemically induced liver steatosis and markers of hepatotoxicity
Authors: Müller Fabrice A. , Stamou Marianna , Englert Felix H. , Frenzel Ole , Diedrich Sabine , Suter-Dick Laura , Wambaugh John F. , Sturla Shana J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChemically induced steatosis is characterized by lipid accumulation associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and nucleus distortion. New approach methods integrating in vitro and in silico models are needed to identify chemicals that may induce these cellular events as potential risk factors for steatosis and associated hepatotoxicity. In this study we used high-content imaging for the simultaneous quantification of four cellular markers as sentinels for hepatotoxicity and steatosis in chemically exposed human liver cells in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the results with a computational model for the extrapolation of human oral equivalent doses (OED). First, we tested 16 reference chemicals with known capacities to induce cellular alterations in nuclear morphology, lipid accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative stress. Then, using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and reverse dosimetry, OEDs were extrapolated from data of any stimulated individual sentinel response. The extrapolated OEDs were confirmed to be within biologically relevant exposure ranges for the reference chemicals. Next, we tested 14 chemicals found in food, selected from thousands of putative chemicals on the basis of structure-based prediction for nuclear receptor activation. Amongst these, orotic acid had an extrapolated OED overlapping with realistic exposure ranges. Thus, we were able to characterize known steatosis-inducing chemicals as well as data-scarce food-related chemicals, amongst which we confirmed orotic acid to induce hepatotoxicity. This strategy addresses needs of next generation risk assessment and can be used as a first chemical prioritization hazard screening step in a tiered approach to identify chemical risk factors for steatosis and hepatotoxicity-associated events.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee for chronological age estimation—a systematic review
Authors: Ording Muller Lil-Sofie , Adolfsson Jan , Forsberg Lisa , Bring Johan , Dahlgren Jovanna , Domeij Helena , Gornitzki Carl , Wernersson Emma , Odeberg Jenny 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Radiographs of the hand and teeth are frequently used for medical age assessment, as skeletal and dental maturation correlates with chronological age. These methods have been criticized for their lack of precision, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee has been proposed as a more accurate method. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the scientific and statistical evidence for medical age estimation based on skeletal maturation as assessed by MRI of the knee.

Materials and methods
A systematic review was conducted that included studies published before April 2021 on living individuals between 8 and 30 years old, with presumptively healthy knees for whom the ossification stages had been evaluated using MRI. The correlation between “mature knee” and chronological age and the risk of misclassifying a child as an adult and vice versa was calculated.

Results
We found a considerable heterogeneity in the published studies —in terms of study population, MRI protocols, and grading systems used. There is a wide variation in the correlation between maturation stage and chronological age.

Conclusion
Data from published literature is deemed too heterogenous to support the use of MRI of the knee for chronological age determination. Further, it is not possible to assess the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, or positive predictive value for the ability of MRI to determine whether a person is over or under 18 years old.

Key Points
• There is an insufficient scientific basis for the use of magnetic resonance imaging of the knee in age determination by skeleton.
• It is not possible to assess the predictive value of MRI of the knee to determine whether a person is over or under 18 years of age.
Polarization vision in terrestrial hermit crabs
Authors: How Martin J. , Robertson Alasdair , Smithers Samuel P. , Wilby David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolarization vision is used by a wide range of animals for navigating, orienting, and detecting objects or areas of interest. Shallow marine and semi-terrestrial crustaceans are particularly well known for their abilities to detect predator-like or conspecific-like objects based on their polarization properties. On land, some terrestrial invertebrates use polarization vision for detecting suitable habitats, oviposition sites or conspecifics, but examples of threat detection in the polarization domain are less well known. To test whether this also applies to crustaceans that have evolved to occupy terrestrial habitats, we determined the sensitivity of two species of land and one species of marine hermit crab to predator-like visual stimuli varying in the degree of polarization. All three species showed an ability to detect these cues based on polarization contrasts alone. One terrestrial species, Coenobita rugosus, showed an increased sensitivity to objects with a higher degree of polarization than the background. This is the inverse of most animals studied to date, suggesting that the ecological drivers for polarization vision may be different in the terrestrial environment.
Sacroiliac joint pain increases repositioning error during active straight leg-raising
Authors: Morito Tsuyoshi , Kaneoka Koji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to compare the repositioning error (RE) of patients with unilateral sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP) to that of patients with low back pain (LBP) and a healthy control (HC) group. Differences between the symptomatic and asymptomatic sides were also investigated.

Methods
Sixty-six patients with SIJP, LBP, and HC were included in this study. An active straight leg-raising repositioning test (ASLR-Rt) was performed. ASLR was performed three times each on the left and right sides, targeting a set base angle. RE was calculated as the difference between the base angle and the participant’s attempt to adjust the target angle. RE was expressed as constant error (CE) and absolute error (AE).

Results
The CE of the SIJP group (median [interquartile range]) (6.9 [4.6‒10.4]) was significantly higher than that in the LBP group (3.2 [1.3‒7.1]) and the HC group (2.7 [0.3‒4.6]) (P = 0.009, d = 0.91, P < 0.001, d = 1.30). The AE of the SIJP group (7.3[5.0‒10.4]) was also significantly higher than that in the LBP (3.7[2.8‒7.1]) and HC groups (3.0[1.9‒4.2]) (P = 0.003, d = 1.04; P = 0.001, d = 1.57). Comparing the symptomatic and asymptomatic sides in the SIJP group, the symptomatic side (8.0[6.0‒10.6]) was significantly higher than the asymptomatic side (5.7[3.6‒8.1]) in terms of CE (P = 0.05, d = 0.51).

Conclusion
Patients with SIJP increased RE during ASLR, which may be related to impaired proprioception and decreased motor control.
A Simultaneous Determination of Benzophenone and Camphor UV-Filters, Together with Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, in Human Urine
Authors: Ciglova Katerina , Vondraskova Veronika , Milcova Alena , Rossnerova Andrea , Sram Radim J. , Topinka Jan , Pulkrabova Jana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBy monitoring biomarkers in urine, personal exposure to selected chemical substances can be assessed. In this paper, we describe the monitoring of 7 benzophenone and 2 camphor UV-filters and 11 metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in 454 urine samples collected from mothers and new-borns from an industrial (Karvina) and reference area (Ceske Budejovice) over winter and summer seasons. The analytical method consisted of enzymatic hydrolysis, liquid–liquid extraction (ethyl acetate), purification by dispersive solid-phase extraction (Z-Sep sorbent) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Benzophenone-1 (BP-1), naphthalen-2-ol (2-OH-NAP), fluoren-2-ol (2-OH-FLUO) and phenanthren-2-ol (2-OH-PHEN) were determined in all urine samples analysed. Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and 2-OH-NAP were found at the highest concentrations (medians of 5.95- and 5.77-µg/g creatinine). Analytes 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)camphor (3-MBC), 3-benzylidenecamphor (3-BC), chrysen-6-ol (6-OH-CHRY) and benzo(a)pyrene-3-ol (3-OH-BaP) were not detected in any urine sample. Median concentrations of UV-filters and OH-PAHs were compared across regions in the Czech Republic and between mothers and their new-borns from different countries. The median concentrations of UV-filters measured in urine samples from new-borns in our study were similar to samples collected from Brazilian children and the concentrations of these compounds in mothers’ samples were comparable with the concentrations in Danish mothers. In the case of OH-PAHs, the median concentrations of these substances measured in urine samples from Czech new-borns were comparable to median concentrations of these compounds measured in new-born urine from our previous study, and the concentrations in urine collected from Czech mothers were comparable to those reported in Spanish women.
Equivalence Class Formation in Adults with Severe Behavioral Problems
Authors: Alonso-Vega Jesús , Froxán-Parga María Xesús , Arntzen Erik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStimulus equivalence is a behavioral phenomenon that has been related to complex human behavior (e.g., remembering, cognitive functioning, and symbolic behavior). As a rule, people diagnosed with severe mental disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) that exhibit delusional and hallucinatory behavior, and disorganized speech have shown cognitive impairment (e.g., processing speed, reasoning/problem solving). Not enough research has analyzed the stimulus equivalence performance in this population. This study aims to investigate the stimulus equivalence performance in adults diagnosed with severe mental disorders. In particular, this study analyzes the many-to-one (MTO) and one-to-many (OTM) training structures effects, and the simultaneous (SIM) and the simple-to-complex (STC) training and testing protocol effects on equivalence class formation in this population. To achieve it, we analyzed the behavior of 18 participants diagnosed with severe mental disorders in three different conditions (Condition 1 OTM/SIM; 2 MTO/SIM; and 3 MTO/STC). Behavior consistent with stimulus equivalence was found in 11 out of 13 participants who had finished the study (5 participants decided to leave before completing the tasks). STC yielded better results than the SIM protocol. No differences were found between MTO and OTM training structures. Implications and suggestions for further research have been discussed.
Learning visual-based deformable object rearrangement with local graph neural networks
Authors: Deng Yuhong , Wang Xueqian , Chen Lipeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGoal-conditioned rearrangement of deformable objects (e.g. straightening a rope and folding a cloth) is one of the most common deformable manipulation tasks, where the robot needs to rearrange a deformable object into a prescribed goal configuration with only visual observations. These tasks are typically confronted with two main challenges: the high dimensionality of deformable configuration space and the underlying complexity, nonlinearity and uncertainty inherent in deformable dynamics. To address these challenges, we propose a novel representation strategy that can efficiently model the deformable object states with a set of keypoints and their interactions. We further propose local-graph neural network (GNN), a light local GNN learning to jointly model the deformable rearrangement dynamics and infer the optimal manipulation actions (e.g. pick and place) by constructing and updating two dynamic graphs. Both simulated and real experiments have been conducted to demonstrate that the proposed dynamic graph representation shows superior expressiveness in modeling deformable rearrangement dynamics. Our method reaches much higher success rates on a variety of deformable rearrangement tasks (96.3% on average) than state-of-the-art method in simulation experiments. Besides, our method is much more lighter and has a 60% shorter inference time than state-of-the-art methods. We also demonstrate that our method performs well in the multi-task learning scenario and can be transferred to real-world applications with an average success rate of 95% by solely fine tuning a keypoint detector. A supplementary video can be found at https://youtu.be/AhwTQo6fCM0.
A CALPHAD-Based Investigation of the Sludge Factor
Authors: Granhed Erik , Mori Alessandro De , Battaglia Eleonora , Arnberg Lars , Lindwall Greta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe formation of $$\alpha \text {-AlFeSi}$$

α
-AlFeSi

sludge in AlSi10Mg has been studied by computational thermodynamics based on the CALPHAD method. Both the amount of sludge and the sludge onset temperature $$T_{\text{Sludge}}$$

T
Sludge

have been investigated. We find that the amount of sludge increases linearly with the empirical sludge factor for the studied composition interval, which agrees well with published experimental data. We also find a notable difference between the total amount of $$\alpha \text {-AlFeSi}$$

α
-AlFeSi

phase and the amount of pre-eutectic sludge. The $$T_{\text{Sludge}}$$

T
Sludge

follows a similar linear relationship but only when there is no Cr present in the material. However, we propose a modified sludge factor like expression for the temperature onset with a significantly improved predictability compared to previous empirical expressions. With Cr present, a $$\alpha \text {-AlMSi}$$

α
-AlMSi

phase, rich in Cr but poor in Mn, forms at a significantly higher temperature which leads to higher amounts of sludge suggesting Cr to be more detrimental for sludge formation than previously thought. Finally, we also suggest ranges of validity for the linearized sludge factor expression outside which full thermodynamic calculations accounting for all multicomponent effects must be used.
Search for the Optimal Soaking Temperature for Hyperquenching of the Gx2crnimocun 25-6-3-3 Duplex Cast Steel
Authors: Wróbel Tomasz , Jurczyk Paweł , Baron Czesław , Jezierski Jan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paper presents the research results on duplex corrosion-resistant chromium–nickel–molybdenum cast steel of the GX2CrNiMoCuN 25-6-3-3 grade. The aim was to determine the effect of the soaking temperature for the hyperquenching process Tp, that is, 950 to 1200 °C, on the microstructure and mechanical properties, that is UTS tensile strength, the yield strength, HB Brinell hardness, the elongation EL and impact strength KV of the steel, cast under industrial conditions with the minimum content of Cr, Ni, Mo and Cu according to the PN-EN 10283 standard. On the basis of the results, it was confirmed that the hyperquenching guarantees the elimination of the brittle intermetallic phase in the steel microstructure. In addition, the most favorable strength-to-ductility ratio of the steel with an almost equal amount of austenite γ and ferrite α in its microstructure was obtained using the soak temperature of 1080 °C, which was considered optimal for the above-mentioned duplex cast steel.
Application of vanishing diffusion stabilization in Oldroyd-B fluid flow simulations
Authors: Pires Marília , Bodnár Tomáš 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo different methods of artificial diffusion stabilization of the numerical simulations of steady Oldroyd-B fluids flows are presented. They are based on the idea of vanishing in time added stabilization terms which are only present during the initial stage of time-marching process towards the steady state solution. These extra terms naturally vanish and do not affect the final result. The numerical simulations are built on a simple steady 2D case of Oldroyd-B fluid flow in a symmetrical corrugated channel. Numerical solver uses finite element discretization in space and characteristic Galerkin method for pseudo-time discretization. Numerical results are presented in the form of isolines and graphs of selected flow variables, to assess the possible efficiency of the different stabilization techniques used.
Multi-step-ahead prediction of cold rolling chatter state based on the combination of Functional Data Analysis and General Autoregression Model
Authors: Wang Xiao-Yong , Gao Zhi-Ying , Xin Yan-Li 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMill chatter seriously restricts the improvement of production efficiency and the development of new products. Thus, a method of cold rolling chatter monitoring and early warning is proposed based on the combination of Functional Data Analysis (FDA) and General Autoregression Model (GAM). Firstly, the multi-source cold rolling data are preprocessed by FDA to realize the smooth fitting of the unequally sampled data and the sample space is constructed based on chatter mechanism. Then, the multi-step-ahead prediction of cold rolling chatter is executed through different machine learning algorithms based on GAM, and the prediction effects of different algorithms are compared and evaluated. Finally, the maximum prediction step is defined to select the optimal algorithm, and the conclusion is drawn that Extra Tree Regression (ETR) has the best prediction effect. Therefore, the proposed method for cold rolling chatter monitoring can effectively solve the problems of delay, false alarm and distortion in prediction.