bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared Flats in Madrid: Accessing and Analysing Migrants’ Sense of Home
Authors: Miranda-Nieto Alejandro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany migrants opt for shared accommodation as a way of coping with the shortage of affordable housing in large cities. As a distinct type of co-housing, flat sharing has been described as one of the many forms of housing precariousness, and even as a type of homelessness. This chapter describes a series of substantive and methodological issues arising from an ethnographic study conducted with Peruvian migrants in Madrid. It examines how people produce a sense of home in the context of sharing an apartment, and how this process is related or not to the act of dwelling in a particular flat. In doing so, it argues that dwelling in a given place and developing a sense of home are closely related, but do not always go hand in hand. The (in)congruence between living in a given place and evoking feelings of home depends on the role that dwellers play within the shared household and the degrees of control that they have over different settings within the flat. The usage of the domestic space and the ways in which its settings become compartmentalised constitute entry points to methodological issues emerging from the study of dwelling with strangers.
Probing RG flows, symmetry resolution and quench dynamics through the capacity of entanglement
Authors: Arias Raúl , Di Giulio Giuseppe , Keski-Vakkuri Esko , Tonni Erik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We compare the capacity of entanglement with the entanglement entropy by considering various aspects of these quantities for free bosonic and fermionic models in one spatial dimension, both in the continuum and on the lattice. Substantial differences are observed in the subleading terms of these entanglement quantifiers when the subsystem is made by two disjoint intervals, in the massive scalar field and in the fermionic chain. We define c-functions based on the capacity of entanglement similar to the one based on the entanglement entropy, showing through a numerical analysis that they display a monotonic behaviour under the renormalisation group flow generated by the mass. The capacity of entanglement and its related quantities are employed to explore the symmetry resolution. The temporal evolutions of the capacity of entanglement and of the corresponding contour function after a global quench are also discussed.
Proportions, Constraints and Semantics for a Parametric Model
Authors: Lo Turco Massimiliano , Tomalini Andrea , Bono Jacopo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn approach to digitally model the decorative elements window’s of architectural heritage—the College of Nobles, Turin—in HBIM, by applying De Luca’s method. The strategy is to transform them into mathematical ratios and parameters in order to create flexible and adaptable models that can generate variations.
Interdisciplinary design optimization of compressor blades combining low- and high-fidelity models
Authors: Pretsch Lisa , Arsenyev Ilya , Czech Catharina , Duddeck Fabian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMultidisciplinary design optimization has great potential to support the turbomachinery development process by improving designs at reduced time and cost. As part of the industrial compressor design process, we seek for a rotor blade geometry that minimizes stresses without impairing the aerodynamic performance. However, the presence of structural mechanics, aerodynamics, and their interdisciplinary coupling poses challenges concerning computational effort and organizational integration. In order to reduce both computation times and the required exchange between disciplinary design teams, we propose an inter- instead of multidisciplinary design optimization approach tailored to the studied optimization problem. This involves a distinction between main and side discipline. The main discipline, structural mechanics, is computed by accurate high-fidelity finite element models. The side discipline, aerodynamics, is represented by efficient low-fidelity models, using Kriging and proper-orthogonal decomposition to approximate constraints and the gas load field as coupling variable. The proposed approach is shown to yield a valid blade design with reasonable computational effort for training the aerodynamic low-fidelity models and significantly reduced optimization times compared to a high-fidelity multidisciplinary design optimization. Especially for expensive side disciplines like aerodynamics, the multi-fidelity interdisciplinary design optimization has the potential to consider the effects of all involved disciplines at little additional cost and organizational complexity, while keeping the focus on the main discipline.
Additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by micro-laser metal wire deposition with pulsed wave emission: processability and microstructure formation
Authors: Fu Yunlong , Demir Ali Gökhan , Guo Ning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, the micro-laser metal wire deposition (μLMWD) with ms-pulsed wave emission and low duty cycles was utilized to build the Ti-6Al-4V thin walls. The work first investigated the influence of the process parameters on single track stability and geometry. With the developed processing conditions thin walls with multiple layers were produced. The μLMWD produced thin walls were characterized by fine grain size expected to be due to the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) in the produced wall. Fine columnar grains formed in the bottom region of wall due to the restriction of melt pool size and large cooling speed, while equiaxed grain formation and further refinement were achieved in the middle region, attributed to the intermittent stirring force that broke dendritic arms and increased nucleation events before solid–liquid interface. From the bottom to top region microstructures transferred from acicular α′ to short α lamella constituting basketweave structure, and the periodic heating and cooling generating by pulsed laser reduced the acicular α′ at higher cooling rate and decreased α size. The forming of equiaxed grain and fine grain and microstructure increased the wall microhardness.
Molecular ion formation on activated field emitters in atmospheric pressure field desorption mass spectrometry
Authors: Hoyer Matthias , Gross Jürgen H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAtmospheric pressure field desorption (APFD) mass spectrometry (MS) has recently been explored as a new contribution to the field of ambient desorption/ionization (ADI). Depending on the selected polarity applied to the field emitter, ionic and polar analytes were demonstrated to deliver positive as well as negative ions. Whereas this recent study solely reported on the formation of even-electron ions of either polarity, the present work on APFD-MS demonstrates the abundant formation of positive molecular ions, M+•, from polycyclic aromatic compounds. Molecular ions were formed on and desorbed from standard 13-µm activated tungsten wire emitters at atmospheric pressure. The commercial field emitters were positioned at about 2 mm distance in front of the atmospheric pressure interface of a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer and the entrance electrode of the interface was set to –4.5 to –5.5 kV with respect to the emitter. Emitter-disrupting electric discharges did normally not occur under these conditions. The electric field strengths achieved at the dendritic microneedles were sufficient to allow for the abundant formation of M+• ions of various polycyclic aromatic compounds such as benzo[a]pyrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-butadiene, and 1-aza-[6]helicene. In case of the extremely basic 1-aza-[6]helicene protonation strongly competed with molecular ion formation and tended to suppress the field ionization process. All molecular ion compositions were assured by accurate mass-based formula assignments.
Graphical Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in the Nasotracheal Cavities of White Stork Nestlings (Ciconia ciconia) in Spain: Genetic Diversity, Resistomes and Virulence Factors
Authors: Abdullahi Idris Nasir , Juárez-Fernández Guillermo , Höfle Ursula , Latorre-Fernández Javier , Cardona-Cabrera Teresa , Mínguez-Romero David , Zarazaga Myriam , Lozano Carmen , Torres Carmen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The molecular ecology of Staphylococcus aureus in migratory birds (such as white storks) is necessary to understand their relevance in the “One Health” ecosystems. This study determined the nasotracheal carriage rates of S. aureus from white storks in Southern Spain and genetically characterized the within-host diversity. A collection of 67 S. aureus strains, previously obtained from 87 white stork nestlings (52 nasal and 85 tracheal samples) fed by their parents with food foraged in natural and landfill habitats, were tested for their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes. Moreover, the AMR genotypes, immune evasion cluster (IEC), virulence genes and the detection of CC398 lineage were studied by PCR. The spa types and multilocus-sequencing-typing (MLST) were also determined by PCR and sequencing. Staphylococcus aureus carriage was found in 31% of storks (36.5%/11.9% in nasal/tracheal samples). All isolates were methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and 8.8% of them were also susceptible to all tested antibiotics. The AMR phenotype/percentage/genes detected were as follows: penicillin/79.1%/blaZ; erythromycin-clindamycin-inducible/19.1%/ermA, ermT; tetracycline/11.9%/tetK; clindamycin/4.5%/lnuA and ciprofloxacin/4.5%. Twenty-one different spa types, including 2 new ones (t7778-ST15-CC15 and t18009-ST26-CC25), were detected and ascribed to 11 clonal complexes (CCs). MSSA-CC398 (8.2%), MSSA-CC15 (7.1%) and MSSA-ST291 (5.9%) were the most prevalent lineages in storks. Moreover, tst-positive (MSSA-CC22-t223 and MSSA-CC30-t1654), eta-positive (MSSA-CC9-t209) and etb-positive strains (MSSA-CC45-t015) were detected in four storks. The 18.5% of storks harboured distinct MSSA strains (with different lineages and/or AMR genes). Nestlings of storks foraging in landfills (10 CCs) had more diverse S. aureus strains than those of parents foraging in natural habitats (3 CCs). Low level of AMR was demonstrated among S. aureus strains. The predominance of MSSA-CC398 (an emergent clade) and toxigenic MSSA strains in stork nestlings highlight the need for continuous surveillance of S. aureus in wild birds.
Efficacy of post-operative partial weight-bearing after total knee arthroplasty – a prospective observational trial
Authors: Anderson Philip Mark , Heinz Tizian , Scholmann Elena , Eidmann Annette , Arnholdt Jörg , Rudert Maximilian , Holzapfel Boris Michael , Stratos Ioannis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
There is little evidence proving the concept of partial weight-bearing to be efficient and feasible. Using insole pressure measurement systems, this study aimed to explore the compliance to prescribed weight-bearing restrictions after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods
50 patients after TKA were recruited in a prospective manner. They were advised to limit weight-bearing of the affected limb to 200 N. True load was measured via insole force-sensors on day one after surgery (M1) and before discharge (M2). Compliance to the rehabilitation protocol was the primary outcome parameter.

Results
At M1 and M2 compliance to the rehabilitation protocol was 0% und 2%, respectively. 84% (M1) and 90% (M2) of patients overloaded the affected limb during every step. The affected limb was loaded with 50% ± 14% (M1) and 57% ± 17% (M2) of body weight. Patients older than 65 loaded the affected limb on average 17% (M1) and 34% (M2) more than their younger counterparts did. This difference was even more pronounced when walking stairs up (49% increase on average) and down (53% increase on average).

Conclusion
Surgeons must take into consideration that the ability to maintain partial weight-bearing after TKA is highly dependent on the age of the patient and the achievable load reduction is determined by the patient’s body weight.
Balloon dilatation is superior to CO2 laser excision in the treatment of subglottic stenosis
Authors: Ntouniadakis Eleftherios , Sundh Josefin , Magnuson Anders , von Beckerath Mathias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Endoscopic treatment of subglottic stenosis (SGS) is regarded as a safe procedure with rare complications and less morbidity than open surgery yet related with a high risk of recurrence. The abundance of techniques and adjuvant therapies complicates a comparison of the different surgical approaches. The primary aim of this study was to investigate disease recurrence after CO2 laser excisions and balloon dilatation in patients with SGS and to identify potential confounding factors.

Materials and methods
In a tertiary referral center, two cohorts of previously undiagnosed patients treated for SGS were retrospectively reviewed and followed for 3 years. The CO2 laser cohort (CLC) was recruited between 2006 and 2011, and the balloon dilatation cohort (BDC) between 2014 and 2019. Kaplan‒Meier and multivariable Cox regression analyzed time to repeated surgery and estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for different variables.

Results
Nineteen patients were included in the CLC, and 31 in the BDC. The 1-year cumulative recurrence risk was 63.2% for the CLC compared with 12.9% for the BDC (HR 33.0, 95% CI 6.57–166, p < 0.001), and the 3-year recurrence risk was 73.7% for the CLC compared with 51.6% for the BDC (HR 8.02, 95% CI 2.39–26.9, p < 0.001). Recurrence was independently associated with overweight (HR 3.45, 95% CI 1.16–10.19, p = 0.025), obesity (HR 7.11, 95% CI 2.19–23.04, p = 0.001), and younger age at diagnosis (HR 8.18, 95% CI 1.43–46.82, p = 0.018).

Conclusion
CO2 laser treatment is associated with an elevated risk for recurrence of SGS compared with balloon dilatation. Other risk factors include overweight, obesity, and a younger age at diagnosis.
Abnormal functional neurocircuitry underpinning emotional processing in fibromyalgia
Authors: Balducci Thania , Garza-Villarreal Eduardo A. , Valencia Alely , Aleman André , van Tol Marie-José 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFibromyalgia, a condition characterized by chronic pain, is frequently accompanied by emotional disturbances. Here we aimed to study brain activation and functional connectivity (FC) during processing of emotional stimuli in fibromyalgia. Thirty female patients with fibromyalgia and 31 female healthy controls (HC) were included. Psychometric tests were administered to measure alexithymia, affective state, and severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Next, participants performed an emotion processing and regulation task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We performed a 2 × 2 ANCOVA to analyze main effects and interactions of the stimuli valence (positive or negative) and group (fibromyalgia or HC) on brain activation. Generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis was used to assess task-dependent FC of brain regions previously associated with emotion processing and fibromyalgia (i.e., hippocampus, amygdala, anterior insula, and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex [pACC]). The left superior lateral occipital cortex showed more activation in fibromyalgia during emotion processing than in HC, irrespective of valence. Moreover, we found an interaction effect (valence x group) in the FC between the left pACC and the precentral and postcentral cortex, and central operculum, and premotor cortex. These results suggest abnormal brain activation and connectivity underlying emotion processing in fibromyalgia, which could help explain the high prevalence of psychopathological symptoms in this condition.
An efficient framework for outfit compatibility prediction towards occasion
Authors: Vo Anh H. , Le Tung B. T. , Pham Huy V. , Nguyen Bao T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, in a communicating society, fashion is an integral part of a human life, and it is more comfortable and confident when people dress well. Outfit compatibility is not only a combination of different items but also regarding various aspects, such as style, user preferences, and specific occasions. Most of the existing works lead to address the outfit compatibility concerning only style or user preferences, and have no regard for occasions. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for both outfit compatibility and the fill-in-the-blank tasks according to specific occasions. To this end, we utilized an auxiliary classification branch to learn the significantly important features regarding specific occasions. Besides, a sequence to sequence approach is also applied to learn the relationship of different items along with a visual semantic space, which is able to learn the connection between visual features and their semantic presentation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct experiments on our newly collected Shoplook-Occasion dataset. The experimental results indicate that our proposed method improved the AUC metric from 0.02 to 0.15% and from 0.5 to 4% on accuracy, compared with other approaches for outfit compatibility problem conditioning on specific occasions.
Physical exercise and glycemic management in patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy—a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ferreira Margarida , Neves João Sérgio , Neves Celestino , Carvalho Davide 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims
Exercise is an important practice for control in type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study aims to assess de association between exercise and glycemic management in people with T1D and to identify the main barriers to exercise in T1D.

Methods
We evaluated 95 people with T1D treated with insulin pump therapy. Participants answered a questionnaire about 1) exercise habits, 2) usual adjustments in insulin and food intake with exercise and 3) main barriers to exercise.
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was used to evaluate time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR) and time above range (TAR) during the last 60 days before the evaluation. CGM data during, before (2 h before) and after (24 h after) the last bout of exercise was also evaluated.

Results
The mean age was 30.1 ± 12.1 years, and 51.6% were women. Participants that reported practicing exercise (55.8%) had a higher TIR (59.6 ± 16.3 vs. 48.7 ± 15.7, p = 0.012) and a lower TAR (32.6 ± 15.8 vs. 45.4 ± 17.7, p = 0.006). Comparing with the 60 days CGM data, the TBR was lower in the 2 h before exercise (− 1.8 ± 3.8, p = 0.0454) and TAR was lower during (− 16.9 ± 33.6, p = 0.0320) and in the 24 h after (− 8.7 ± 17.2, p = 0.032) the last bout of exercise. The absence of adjustments on insulin and food intake was associated with higher TBR after the exercise (13.44 ± 3.5, p < 0.05). Eating before the exercise and turning off the pump during the exercise were associated with lower TBR after exercise (food booster: − 7.56 ± 3.49, p < 0.05; turning off insulin pump − 8.87 ± 3.52, p < 0.05). The main barriers reported for exercise practicing were fear of hypoglycemia, lack of free time and work schedule.

Conclusion
Exercise was associated with better glycemic management in people with T1D. Addressing common barriers may allow a higher adherence to exercise in T1D.
Interpretation of wide zircon U–Pb age distributions in durbachite-type Variscan granitoid in the Mórágy Hills
Authors: Kis Annamária , Weiszburg Tamás G. , Dunkl István , Koller Friedrich , Váczi Tamás , Buda György 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn situ U–Pb analyses were performed on SEM-BSE, SEM-CL and Raman mapped zircons from the Variscan granitoids exposed in the Mórágy pluton, Hungary. However, the routinely used LA-ICP-MS could result only in reliable age constraints if the system was not overprinted by multiple geological processes that affect the isotope system of zircons. To overcome the ambiguities the new zircon U–Pb age data were evaluated carefully, first using simple statistical models, then a zircon internal texture related complex approach was applied. This method demonstrates that the U–Pb age in overprinted systems correlates with the structural state; the worse structural state zones showing younger, but still concordant ages. Individual zircon internal texture and structural state based evaluation made it possible to select the least overprinted age components of the system and identify five steps in the evolution of the studied intrusive rock. The two melts (granitoid and mafic) passed the zircon U–Pb isotope closure temperature ~ 355 ± 3 Ma ago during their cooling. Crystallization of the two mingled magmas overarched the 350–340 Ma period, including two intense zircon crystallization peaks (~ 347 Ma, ~ 333 Ma). The cessation of melt crystallization (~ 650 °C) happened ~ 334 ± 4 Ma ago, as indicated by the age of the “normal and long prismatic” zircons. Further confirming this statement, they are embedding in their rims the eutectic mineral assemblage. A Cretaceous post-magmatic event was identified according to slightly discordant U–Pb ages for the Mórágy pluton.
Optimal dividends under a drawdown constraint and a curious square-root rule
Authors: Albrecher Hansjörg , Azcue Pablo , Muler Nora 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we address the problem of optimal dividend payout strategies from a surplus process governed by Brownian motion with drift under a drawdown constraint, i.e., the dividend rate can never decrease below a given fraction $a$
a
of its historical maximum. We solve the resulting two-dimensional optimal control problem and identify the value function as the unique viscosity solution of the corresponding Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. We then derive sufficient conditions under which a two-curve strategy is optimal, and we show how to determine its concrete form using calculus of variations. We establish a smooth-pasting principle and show how it can be used to prove the optimality of two-curve strategies for sufficiently large initial and maximum dividend rates. We also give a number of numerical illustrations in which the optimality of the two-curve strategy can be established for instances with smaller values of the maximum dividend rate and the concrete form of the curves can be determined. One observes that the resulting drawdown strategies nicely interpolate between the solution for the classical unconstrained dividend problem and that for a ratcheting constraint as recently studied in Albrecher et al. (SIAM J. Financial Math. 13:657–701, 2022). When the maximum allowed dividend rate tends to infinity, we show a surprisingly simple and somewhat intriguing limit result in terms of the parameter $a$
a
for the surplus level above which, for a sufficiently large current dividend rate, a take-the-money-and-run strategy is optimal in the presence of the drawdown constraint.