bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“GreenComp” as a tool for examining motivation of vocational teachers to create learning opportunities for the green transition
Authors: Sourgiadaki Maria , Karkalakos Sotirios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the motivation of vocational teachers in Greece to create learning opportunities that develop sustainability competences in students, using the European competence framework “GreenComp”. This monumental task has been defined in the concept of targeted professional development programs that support vocational teachers in their efforts to promote sustainability education. A sample of 173 teachers from different vocational sectors and regions were surveyed and data were analyzed using the expectancy-value theory of motivation. Results reveal that teachers had the lowest ability beliefs, interest, and face the highest associated costs for certain competences and that there were statistically significant differences in motivation depending on factors, such as vocational sector, educational experience, and training in sustainability issues. This research provides important insights into understanding the readiness of vocational teachers to respond to the demands of the green economy transition and can serve as a basis for further research in this area.
inMTSCCA: An Integrated Multi-Task Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis for Multi-Omic Brain Imaging Genetics
Authors: Du Lei , Zhang Jin , Zhao Ying , Shang Muheng , Guo Lei , Han Junwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Identifying genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an important research topic. To date, different endophenotypes, such as imaging-derived endophenotypes and proteomic expression-derived endophenotypes, have shown the great value in uncovering risk genes compared to case–control studies. Biologically, a co-varying pattern of different omics-derived endophenotypes could result from the shared genetic basis. However, existing methods mainly focus on the effect of endophenotypes alone; the effect of cross-endophenotype (CEP) associations remains largely unexploited. In this study, we used both endophenotypes and their CEP associations of multi-omic data to identify genetic risk factors, and proposed two integrated multi-task sparse canonical correlation analysis (inMTSCCA) methods, i.e., pairwise endophenotype correlation-guided MTSCCA (pcMTSCCA) and high-order endophenotype correlation-guided MTSCCA (hocMTSCCA). pcMTSCCA employed pairwise correlations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived, plasma-derived, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived endophenotypes as an additional penalty. hocMTSCCA used high-order correlations among these multi-omic data for regularization. To figure out genetic risk factors at individual and group levels, as well as altered endophenotypic markers, we introduced sparsity-inducing penalties for both models. We compared pcMTSCCA and hocMTSCCA with three related methods on both simulation and real (consisting of neuroimaging data, proteomic analytes, and genetic data) datasets. The results showed that our methods obtained better or comparable canonical correlation coefficients (CCCs) and better feature subsets than benchmarks. Most importantly, the identified genetic loci and heterogeneous endophenotypic markers showed high relevance. Therefore, jointly using multi-omic endophenotypes and their CEP associations is promising to reveal genetic risk factors. The source code and manual of inMTSCCA are available at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/biocode/tools/BT007330.
Restrictive fertility policy and elderly suicides: evidence from China
Authors: Li Manfei , Sunde Uwe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an empirical investigation of the hypothesis that exposure to the restrictive fertility policies of the Chinese “Later, Longer, Fewer” campaign in the 1970s contributes to the dynamics and patterns of elderly suicides in China in the period 2004–2017. We apply an identification strategy that exploits variation in exposure to this policy across birth cohorts that is based on the different timing of the implementation of the fertility policies across Chinese provinces. The results show that cohorts with a greater exposure to the restrictive fertility policy in the 1970s exhibit higher suicide rates during old ages.
Colonial Invasion and Environmental Degradation in Wangari Maathai'sUnbowed: A Memoir
Authors: Rawat Garima , Gaurav Vivek Kumar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe consequences of colonization have been linked to dehumanizing effects on a given people, but they can also be linked to a discourse that favors “depletion” of natural resources as their “utilization.” This article examines colonization as a subtle process of cultural devastation and ecological hegemony in the light of the memoirUnbowedby the late Nobel laureate from Africa, Wangari Maathai.1Apart from framing the entire discussion with regard to the impact of colonization on environmental degradation, it also provides a glimpse into Maathai's life and works. We have attempted to analyze her thoughts and the efforts shared in her autobiography regarding the conservation of nature and natural resources, from her experiences stretching from the colonial to the postcolonial era.
Mass-balance and ablation processes of a perennial polar ice patch on the northern coast of Ellesmere Island
Authors: Davesne Gautier , Fortier Daniel , Domine Florent , Kinnard Christophe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIce patches have implications for landscape and ecosystem dynamics in polar deserts, however, the understanding of the driving factors that control their spatio-temporal variability is limited. This study aims to assess the seasonal and long-term evolution of ice patches on Ward Hunt Island (WHI; 83°N, Canadian High Arctic) based on field measurements of surface mass and energy balance. Results show that mass gains of the ice patch systems occur mostly through drifting snow, making them highly linked to the topography as well as the frequency and magnitude of wind events. Summer ablation is primarily driven by net radiation, but the short-term variability in melt rate is driven by sensible heat fluxes. The highest ablation rates occur during the passage of warm fronts that combine strong winds and mild temperatures. Conversely, foggy days reduce fluxes of solar radiation and sensible heat to the snow/ice surface, thereby suppressing ablation. Ice patches are less climate-sensitive than other cryospheric elements due to a feedback between snow accumulation and topography, however, summer ablation is strongly influenced by micrometeorology. Model projections of these factors suggest that conditions will become critical for preserving ice patches at WHI and along the northern coast of Ellesmere Island as early as in the next decades.
The host galaxy of FRB 20171020A revisited
Authors: Lee-Waddell Karen , James Clancy W. , Ryder Stuart D. , Mahony Elizabeth K. , Bahramian Arash , Koribalski Bärbel S. , Kumar Pravir , Marnoch Lachlan , North-Hickey Freya O. , Sadler Elaine M. , Shannon Ryan , Tejos Nicolas , Thorne Jessica E. , Wang Jing , Wayth Randall 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe putative host galaxy of FRB 20171020A was first identified as ESO 601-G036 in 2018, but as no repeat bursts have been detected, direct confirmation of the host remains elusive. In light of recent developments in the field, we re-examine this host and determine a new association confidence level of 98%. At 37 Mpc, this makes ESO 601-G036 the third closest FRB host galaxy to be identified to date and the closest to host an apparently non-repeating FRB (with an estimated repetition rate limit of$<$$0.011$bursts per day above$10^{39}$erg). Due to its close distance, we are able to perform detailed multi-wavelength analysis on the ESO 601-G036 system. Follow-up observations confirm ESO 601-G036 to be a typical star-forming galaxy with H i and stellar masses of$\log_{10}\!(M_{\rm{H\,{\small I}}} / M_\odot) \sim 9.2$and$\log_{10}\!(M_\star / M_\odot) = 8.64^{+0.03}_{-0.15}$, and a star formation rate of$\text{SFR} = 0.09 \pm 0.01\,{\rm M}_\odot\,\text{yr}^{-1}$. We detect, for the first time, a diffuse gaseous tail ($\log_{10}\!(M_{\rm{H\,{\small I}}} / M_\odot) \sim 8.3$) extending to the south-west that suggests recent interactions, likely with the confirmed nearby companion ESO 601-G037. ESO 601-G037 is a stellar shred located to the south of ESO 601-G036 that has an arc-like morphology, is about an order of magnitude less massive, and has a lower gas metallicity that is indicative of a younger stellar population. The properties of the ESO 601-G036 system indicate an ongoing minor merger event, which is affecting the overall gaseous component of the system and the stars within ESO 601-G037. Such activity is consistent with current FRB progenitor models involving magnetars and the signs of recent interactions in other nearby FRB host galaxies.
A ca. 39,000-year record of vegetation and climate change from the margin of the Namib Sand Sea
Authors: Chase Brian M. , Boom Arnoud , Carr Andrew S. , Meadows Michael E. , Lim Sophak 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the first continuous multi-proxy record of climate and vegetation change from the central Namib Desert extending over much of the last ca. 39,000 years. Derived from rock hyrax middens, evidence from stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, pollen, and microcharcoal reveals significant differences between glacial-age and Holocene climates and vegetation types. Although still arid to semi-arid, conditions during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages (MIS) 2–3 were significantly more humid than in the Late Holocene. Considerable associated vegetation change is apparent, with cooler temperatures and higher/more-regular rainfall promoting the westward expansion of relatively mesic shrubby karroid vegetation during MIS 2–3. With the last glacial–interglacial transition, increasing temperatures and less/less-regular rainfall resulted in marked vegetation changes and the establishment of current xeric grasslands. The inter-plant spacing of the karroid vegetation promoted by wetter conditions does not carry fire effectively, and the microcharcoal record indicates that more extensive fires may develop only with the development of grassier vegetation under drier conditions. As with other terrestrial records from the Namib Desert and environs, no Cape flora elements were found to support previously hypothesised expansion of the Fynbos Biome during the last glacial period.
Adverse childhood experiences and food insecurity in emerging adulthood: findings from the EAT 2010–2018 study
Authors: Larson Nicole , Mason Susan M , Bruening Meg , Laska Melissa N , Hazzard Vivienne M , Neumark-Sztainer Dianne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:Low childhood socio-economic status (SES) and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with poor health outcomes in adulthood. Determining how ACE may be linked to food insecurity among young people from socio-economically diverse households can inform health-protective strategies. This study examined if ACE are associated with food insecurity during the transition to adulthood and investigated prevalence differences across SES strata.Setting:Participants were recruited from twenty secondary schools in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota.Participants:The analytic sample (n 1518) completed classroom surveys in 2009–2010 (mean age = 14·5 years) and follow-up surveys in 2017–2018 (mean age = 22·0 years).Design:Past-year food insecurity was reported at both time points, and ACE were reported at follow-up. Logistic regression models were used to estimate emerging adult food insecurity prevalence by ACE exposure; models were stratified by childhood SES (low, middle and high).Results:The adjusted prevalence of food insecurity was 45·3 % among emerging adults who reported three or more ACE compared with 23·6 % among those with one or two ACE and 15·5 % among those with no ACE (P < 0·001). All forms of ACE were related to an elevated prevalence of food insecurity in emerging adulthood. ACE–food insecurity associations were strongest for emerging adults from lower and middle SES households. Among emerging adults from low SES households, childhood experiences of emotional abuse and substance use by a household member were associated with the largest prevalence differences in food insecurity.Conclusions:Findings suggest a need for trauma-informed services within food assistance programs to better serve individuals with a history of ACE.
Inoculation Reduces Misinformation: Experimental Evidence from Multidimensional Interventions in Brazil
Authors: Batista Pereira Frederico , Bueno Natália S. , Nunes Felipe , Pavão Nara 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMisinformation is widely seen as a threat to democracy that should be promptly addressed by scholars, journalists, and policymakers. However, some of the debated solutions are either controversial (internet platform regulation) or may be difficult and costly to implement in many settings (fact-checking corrections). This study investigates the effectiveness of preemptive interventions, a type of solution that has received considerably less attention in this debate. Studies show that interventions through awareness and media literacy campaigns can inoculate citizens against misinformation, but these interventions are restricted to a few contexts and settings. Our paper uses two field experiments, one of which was conducted in partnership with Brazil’s main newspaper, to investigate the effectiveness of multidimensional interventions against misinformation in São Paulo. The findings show that preemptive interventions can indeed reduce rumor acceptance and provide insights into the strategies to combat misinformation in democracies.
A Multifaceted Isoneutral Eddy Transport Diagnostic Framework and Its Application in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Xie Jingwei , Liu Hailong , Lin Pengfei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose an isoneutral eddy transport diagnostic framework and apply it in the Southern Ocean to analyze eddy potential vorticity (PV) transport dynamics. We leverage a thickness‐weighted spatiotemporal scale separation to define the generalized eddy flux. A local sampling method is employed and validated to estimate the transport tensor. We introduce Leonard's decomposition in Large Eddy Simulations (LES) to split the process into the Reynolds and non‐Reynolds parts. We also use the stationary‐transient decomposition. The non‐Reynolds term and the stationary effect contribute significantly to the transport properties. The Reynolds and transient parts have distinctions, that show oceanic mesoscale dynamics are not synergistic in time and spatial scales. We investigate the spatial scale dependence of each part and find that the transient and stationary components of the Reynolds (non‐Reynolds) term have consistent (dissimilar) scale dependence. The scale dependence of the generalized eddy flux and the transport eigenvalues is controlled by the non‐Reynolds term. We further investigate the eigenvalues in terms of the potential enstrophy and anisotropy. The potential enstrophy in the Southern Ocean holistically has a forward cascade on the researched scales. The Reynolds and transient effects efficiently promote the forward enstrophy cascade. The non‐Reynolds and stationary effects stimulate drastically anisotropic eddy transport. The PV gradient barrier mechanism dominates the drastic anisotropic case. When the anisotropy is weak, a special anisotropic case with a locally balanced potential enstrophy budget overwhelms the case of real isotropy. We also introduce several LES concepts, hoping to enlighten any potential ocean modeling and parameterization.
Mutated Toll-like receptor 9 increases Alzheimer’s disease risk by compromising innate immunity protection
Authors: Cacace Rita , Zhou Lujia , Hendrickx Van de Craen Elisabeth , Buist Arjan , Hoogmartens Julie , Sieben Anne , Cras Patrick , Vandenberghe Rik , De Deyn Peter P. , Oehlrich Daniel , De Bondt An , Engelborghs Sebastiaan , Moechars Diederik , Van Broeckhoven Christine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves central and peripheral immune deregulation. Gene identification and studies of AD genetic variants of peripheral immune components may aid understanding of peripheral-central immune crosstalk and facilitate new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we have identified in a Flanders-Belgian family a novel variant p.E317D in the Toll-like receptor 9 gene (TLR9), co-segregating with EOAD in an autosomal dominant manner. In human, TLR9 is an essential innate and adaptive immune component predominantly expressed in peripheral immune cells. The p.E317D variant caused 50% reduction in TLR9 activation in the NF-κB luciferase assay suggesting that p.E317D is a loss-of-function mutation. Cytokine profiling of human PBMCs upon TLR9 activation revealed a predominantly anti-inflammatory response in contrast to the inflammatory responses from TLR7/8 activation. The cytokines released upon TLR9 activation suppressed inflammation and promoted phagocytosis of Aβ42oligomers in human iPSC-derived microglia. Transcriptome analysis identified upregulation of AXL, RUBICON and associated signaling pathways, which may underline the effects of TLR9 signaling-induced cytokines in regulating the inflammatory status and phagocytic property of microglia. Our data suggest a protective role of TLR9 signaling in AD pathogenesis, and we propose that TLR9 loss-of-function may disrupt a peripheral-central immune crosstalk that promotes dampening of inflammation and clearance of toxic protein species, leading to the build-up of neuroinflammation and pathogenic protein aggregates in AD development.
Investigating trends in interest for benign prostatic hyperplasia surgery options using Google Trends
Authors: Daniels James P. , Patel Devin N. , Galvan Gloria Cecilia , Friedrich Nadine A. , Das Sanjay , Akhavein Arash , Daskivich Timothy , Josephson David , Desai Premal , De Nunzio Cosimo , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding patient interest among surgical options is challenging. We used Google Trends to analyze interest in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgeries recommended for prostate volumes <80 cc. Google Trends was queried with five BPH surgeries. Final rank of search terms was TURP, UroLift, Rezum, Aquablation, and Greenlight. Google Trends can be an effective tool for evaluating public interest trends in BPH surgery.
C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1 blockade on tumour-associated macrophages improves anti-PD-1 efficacy in gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Xin , Lv Kunpeng , Wang Jieti , Lin Chao , Liu Hao , Zhang Heng , Li He , Gu Yun , Li Ruochen , He Hongyong , Xu Jiejie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1) in gastric cancer (GC), and to explore the mechanism of Dectin-1 regulating tumour-associated macrophage (TAM)-mediated immune evasion in GC.

Methods
The association of Dectin-1+ cells with clinical outcomes was inspected by immunohistochemistry on tumour microarrays. Flow cytometry and RNA sequencing were applied to detect characteristics of T cells, phenotypic and transcriptional features of Dectin-1+ TAMs. The effect of Dectin-1 blockade was evaluated using an in vitro intervention experiment based on fresh GC tissues.

Results
High infiltration of intratumoral Dectin-1+ cells predicted poor prognosis in GC patients. Dectin-1+ cells were mainly composed of TAMs, and the accumulation of Dectin-1+ TAMs was associated with T-cell dysfunction. Notably, Dectin-1+ TAMs exhibited an immunosuppressive phenotype. Furthermore, blockade of Dectin-1 could reprogramme Dectin-1+ TAMs and reactivate anti-tumour effects of T cells, as well as enhanced PD-1 inhibitor-mediated cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells against tumour cells.

Conclusions
Dectin-1 could affect T-cell anti-tumour immune response by regulating the immunosuppressive function of TAMs, leading to poor prognosis and immune evasion in GC patients. Blockade of Dectin-1 can be used alone or in combination with current therapeutic strategies in GC.
Vascular nitric oxide resistance in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bahadoran Zahra , Mirmiran Parvin , Kashfi Khosrow , Ghasemi Asghar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVascular nitric oxide (NO•) resistance, manifested by an impaired vasodilator function of NO• in both the macro- and microvessels, is a common state in type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated with developing cardiovascular events and death. Here, we summarize experimental and human evidence of vascular NO• resistance in T2D and discuss its underlying mechanisms. Human studies indicate a ~ 13-94% decrease in the endothelium (ET)-dependent vascular smooth muscle (VSM) relaxation and a 6-42% reduced response to NO• donors, i.e., sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), in patients with T2D. A decreased vascular NO• production, NO• inactivation, and impaired responsiveness of VSM to NO• [occurred due to quenching NO• activity, desensitization of its receptor soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and/or impairment of its downstream pathway, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG)] are the known mechanisms underlying the vascular NO• resistance in T2D. Hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and vascular insulin resistance are key players in this state. Therefore, upregulating vascular NO• availability, re-sensitizing or bypassing the non-responsive pathways to NO•, and targeting key vascular sources of ROS production may be clinically relevant pharmacological approaches to circumvent T2D-induced vascular NO• resistance.
UBE2S interacting with TRIM21 mediates the K11-linked ubiquitination of LPP to promote the lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer
Authors: Xiao Kanghua , Peng Shengmeng , Lu Junlin , Zhou Ting , Hong Xuwei , Chen Siting , Liu Guangyao , Li Hong , Huang Jian , Chen Xu , Lin Tianxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLymphatic metastasis is the most common pattern of bladder cancer (BCa) metastasis and has an extremely poor prognosis. Emerging evidence shows that ubiquitination plays crucial roles in various processes of tumors, including tumorigenesis and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of ubiquitination in the lymphatic metastasis of BCa are largely unknown. In the present study, through bioinformatics analysis and validation in tissue samples, we found that the ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme UBE2S was positively correlated with the lymphatic metastasis status, high tumor stage, histological grade, and poor prognosis of BCa patients. Functional assays showed that UBE2S promoted BCa cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as lymphatic metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, UBE2S interacted with tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21) and jointly induced the ubiquitination of lipoma preferred partner (LPP) via K11-linked polyubiquitination but not K48- or K63-linked polyubiquitination. Moreover, LPP silencing rescued the anti-metastatic phenotypes and inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of BCa cells after UBE2S knockdown. Finally, targeting UBE2S with cephalomannine distinctly inhibited the progression of BCa in cell lines and human BCa-derived organoids in vitro, as well as in a lymphatic metastasis model in vivo, without significant toxicity. In conclusion, our study reveals that UBE2S, by interacting with TRIM21, degrades LPP through K11-linked ubiquitination to promote the lymphatic metastasis of BCa, suggesting that UBE2S represents a potent and promising therapeutic target for metastatic BCa.