bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 With Hospitalization for Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Hofer Felix , Hammer Andreas , Pailer Ulrike , Koller Lorenz , Kazem Niema , Steinacher Eva , Steinlechner Barbara , Andreas Martin , Laufer Günther , Wojta Johann , Zelniker Thomas A. , Hengstenberg Christian , Niessner Alexander , Sulzgruber Patrick 
Published: February 2023

Background
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF‐23) is crucial in regulating phosphate and vitamin D metabolism and is moreover associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The specific objective of this study was to investigate the influence of FGF‐23 on cardiovascular outcomes, including hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), postoperative atrial fibrillation, and cardiovascular death, in an unselected patient population after cardiac surgery.

Methods and Results

Patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft and/or cardiac valve surgery were prospectively enrolled. FGF‐23 blood plasma concentrations were assessed before surgery. A composite of cardiovascular death/HHF was chosen as primary end point. A total of 451 patients (median age 70 years; 28.8% female) were included in the present analysis and followed over a median of 3.9 years. Individuals with higher FGF‐23 quartiles showed elevated incidence rates of the composite of cardiovascular death/HHF (quartile 1, 7.1%; quartile 2, 8.6%; quartile 3, 15.1%; and quartile 4, 34.3%). After multivariable adjustment, FGF‐23 modeled as a continuous variable (adjusted hazard ratio for a 1‐unit increase in standardized log‐transformed biomarker, 1.82 [95% CI, 1.34–2.46]) as well as using predefined risk groups and quartiles remained independently associated with the risk of cardiovascular death/HHF and the secondary outcomes, including postoperative atrial fibrillation. Reclassification analysis indicated that the addition of FGF‐23 to N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide provides a significant improvement in risk discrimination (net reclassification improvement at the event rate, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.34–0.81];
P
<0.001; integrated discrimination increment, 0.03 [95% CI, 0.01–0.05];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
FGF‐23 is an independent predictor of cardiovascular death/HHF and postoperative atrial fibrillation in individuals undergoing cardiac surgery. Considering an individualized risk assessment, routine preoperative FGF‐23 evaluation may improve detection of high‐risk patients.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Among People Living With HIV Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program
Authors: Parikh Rushi V. , Hebbe Annika , Barón Anna E. , Grunwald Gary K. , Plomondon Mary E. , Gordin Jonathan , Yeh Robert W. , Jneid Hani , Swaminathan Rajesh V. , Waldo Stephen W. , Monto Alexander , Secemsky Eric , Hsue Priscilla Y. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain poorly described. We sought to compare real‐world treatment of coronary artery disease, as well as patient and procedural factors and outcomes after PCI between PLWH and uninfected controls.

Methods and Results

We utilized procedural registry data from the Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019 to analyze patients with obstructive coronary artery disease on angiography. In the PCI subgroup, we used inverse probability of treatment weighting and applied Cox proportional hazards to evaluate the association of HIV serostatus with outcomes, including all‐cause mortality at 5 years. Among 184 310 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, treatment strategy was similar between PLWH and controls—35.7% versus 34.2% PCI, 13.6% versus 15% coronary artery bypass grafting, and 50.7% versus 50.8% medical therapy. The PCI cohort consisted of 546 (0.9%) PLWH and 56 811 (99.1%) controls. PLWH undergoing PCI had well‐controlled HIV disease, and compared with controls, were younger, more likely to be Black, had fewer traditional risk factors, more acute coronary syndrome, less extensive coronary artery disease, and similar types of stents and P2Y12 therapy. However, PLWH experienced worse survival as early as 6 months post‐PCI, which persisted over time and amounted to a 21% increased mortality risk by 5 years (hazard ratio, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.03–1.42;
P
=0.02]).

Conclusions
Despite well‐controlled HIV disease, a more favorable overall cardiovascular risk profile, and similar PCI procedural metrics, PLWH still have significantly worse long‐term survival following PCI than controls.
Characterization and expression analysis of β-catenin from Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis, 1950) (Caridea, Palaemonidae) in embryonic development and immune response to bacteria
Authors: Huang Yi Chen , Xu Wei Kang , Zhu Hong Geng , Chen Jian Hua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
β-catenin is an important signal transduction protein in the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which is widely involved in the development of animals. However, the role of β-catenin in crustaceans is still unclear. In this study, the cDNA of β-catenin from Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis, 1950) was identified and characterized. The open reading frame (ORF) is 2424 bp, which encodes 807 amino acids containing an N-terminal region of a GSK-β consensus phosphorylation site and a central region of 11 armadillo (ARM) repeats. The tissue distribution showed that β-catenin was highly expressed in ovary, testis, hepatopancreas, heart, and gills. During embryonic development, the transcript of β-catenin was relatively high in the zygote, and the thirty-two-cell stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, and nauplius stage. The transcripts of β-catenin in haemocytes, gills, and hepatopancreas were significantly up-regulated after infection with Vibrio anguillarum Bergeman, 1909. These results indicate that β-catenin participates in the regulation of embryonic development and in the immune response in E. carinicauda.
Redescription of Bomolochus bellones Burmeister, 1835 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) recovered from Cololabis saira (Brevoort, 1856) (Actinopterygii) in Japan, with descriptions of the male and copepodids V-III of the species
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Bomolochus bellones Burmeister, 1835 is redescribed based on specimens recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the Pacific saury, Cololabis saira (Actinopterygii, Beloniformes, Scomberesocidae), in Japan. The male, copepodid V female, copepodid IV female, and copepodid III male of the species are described. The postantennal processes and lateral processes have appeared in the female at copepodid V.
Reveal key genes and factors affecting athletes performance in endurance sports using bioinformatic technologies
Authors: Yan Juan , Bai Jie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMedium-intensity activities comprise the major proportion of many sorts of sports. The energy consumption of athletes has been a research emphasis for the purpose of improving both training efficiency and competition performance. However, the evidence based on large-scale gene screen has been rarely performed. This is a bioinformatic study revealing the key factors contributed to the metabolic difference between subjects with different endurance activity capacities. A dataset comprised of high- (HCR) and low-capacity running (LCR) rats was used. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analysed. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment was obtained. The DEGs' protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was built, and the enriched terms of the PPI network were also analysed. Our findings showed that the GO terms were enriched in lipid metabolism-related terms. The KEGG signalling pathway analysis enriched in the ether lipid metabolism. Plb1, Acad1, Cd2bp2, and Pla2g7 were identified as the hub genes. This study provides a theoretical foundation showing lipid metabolism plays an important role in the performance of endurance activities. Plb1, Acad1, and Pla2g7 may be the key genes involved. The training plan and diet for athletes can be designed based on above results and expecting a better competitive performance.
Chromosome-length genome assembly of Teladorsagia circumcincta – a globally important helminth parasite in livestock
Authors: Hassan Shamshad Ul , Chua Eng Guan , Paz Erwin A. , Tay Chin Yen , Greeff Johan C. , Palmer Dieter G. , Dudchenko Olga , Aiden Erez Lieberman , Martin Graeme B. , Kaur Parwinder 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastrointestinal (GIT) helminthiasis is a global problem that affects livestock health, especially in small ruminants. One of the major helminth parasites of sheep and goats, Teladorsagia circumcincta, infects the abomasum and causes production losses, reductions in weight gain, diarrhoea and, in some cases, death in young animals. Control strategies have relied heavily on the use of anthelmintic medication but, unfortunately, T. circumcincta has developed resistance, as have many helminths. Vaccination offers a sustainable and practical solution, but there is no commercially available vaccine to prevent Teladorsagiosis. The discovery of new strategies for controlling T. circumcincta, such as novel vaccine targets and drug candidates, would be greatly accelerated by the availability of better quality, chromosome-length, genome assembly because it would allow the identification of key genetic determinants of the pathophysiology of infection and host-parasite interaction. The available draft genome assembly of T. circumcincta (GCA_002352805.1) is highly fragmented and thus impedes large-scale investigations of population and functional genomics.

Results
We have constructed a high-quality reference genome, with chromosome-length scaffolds, by purging alternative haplotypes from the existing draft genome assembly and scaffolding the result using chromosome conformation, capture-based, in situ Hi-C technique. The improved (Hi-C) assembly resulted in six chromosome-length scaffolds with length ranging from 66.6 Mbp to 49.6 Mbp, 35% fewer sequences and reduction in size. Substantial improvements were also achieved in both the values for N50 (57.1 Mbp) and L50 (5 Mbp). A higher and comparable level of genome and proteome completeness was achieved for Hi-C assembly on BUSCO parameters. The Hi-C assembly had a greater synteny and number of orthologs with a closely related nematode, Haemonchus contortus.

Conclusion
This improved genomic resource is suitable as a foundation for the identification of potential targets for vaccine and drug development.
The relationship between bullying, learning disorders and psychiatric comorbidity
Authors: Weinreich Lior , Haberstroh Stefan , Schulte-Körne Gerd , Moll Kristina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Both learning disorders and bullying are major sources of public concern. Children with learning disorders often suffer from social rejection, potentially rendering them more susceptible to bullying involvement. Bullying involvement leads to a higher risk towards developing various problems including self-harm and suicidality. Past research on whether learning disorders are childhood bullying risk factors yielded inconsistent results.

Methods
The current study used path analyses on a representative sample of 2,925 German 3rd and 4th grades to examine whether learning disorders are a direct bullying risk factor, or whether their impact depends on psychiatric comorbidity. More so, the current study sought to examine whether associations differ between children with and without learning disorders, compare different bullying roles (i.e., only victim, only bully, or bully-victim), compare gender, and control for IQ and socioeconomic status.

Results
Results indicated that learning disorders are not a direct but rather an indirect childhood risk factor for bully-victim involvement, depending on psychiatric comorbidity with internalizing or externalizing disorders. Regarding the comparison between the samples of children with and without learning disorders, an overall difference and a difference in the path between spelling and externalizing disorders emerged. No difference for different bullying roles (i.e., only victim, only bully) emerged. Negligible differences emerged when IQ and socioeconomic status were controlled. An overall gender difference emerged, compatible with past research, indicating higher bullying involvement among boys compared to girls.

Conclusion
Children with learning disorders are at a higher risk of having psychiatric comorbidity, which in turn renders them at a higher risk of bullying involvement. Implications for bullying interventions and school professionals are deduced.
Impact of the first year of the “This Girl Can” physical activity and sport mass media campaign in Australia
Authors: Bauman Adrian , McNeil Nicola , Nicholson Matthew , O’Halloran Paul , Seal Emma , Randle Erica , Stukas Arthur 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Addressing gender inequalities in physical activity is an important public health goal. A major campaign, ‘This Girl Can’ (TGC) was conducted by Sport England from 2015, and TGC was licenced in 2018 by VicHealth in Australia for development and use in a 3-year mass media campaign. The campaign was adapted through formative testing to Australian conditions and implemented within the state of Victoria. The purpose of this evaluation was to assess the initial population impact of the first wave of the TGC-Victoria.

Methods
We assessed campaign impact using serial population surveys, with the target population being women living in Victoria who were not meeting the current physical activity guidelines. Two surveys were carried out before the campaign (October 2017 and March 2018), and the post-campaign survey immediately following the first wave of TGC-Victoria mass media (May 2018). Analyses were primarily on the cohort sample of 818 low-active women followed across all three surveys. We measured campaign effects using campaign awareness and recall, and self-report measures of physical activity behaviour and perceptions of being judged. Changes in perceptions of being judged and in reported physical activity were assessed in relation to campaign awareness over time.

Results
Overall, TGC-Victoria campaign recall increased from 11.2% pre-campaign to 31.9% post-campaign, with campaign awareness more likely among younger and more educated women. There was a slight increase of 0.19 days in weekly physical activity following the campaign. Feeling that being judged was a barrier to physical activity declined at follow up, as did the single item perceptions of feeling judged (P < 0.01). Feeling embarrassed decreased, and self-determination increased, but exercise relevance, theory of planned behaviour and self-efficacy scores did not change.

Conclusions
The initial wave of the TGC-Victoria mass media campaign showed reasonably high levels of community awareness and encouraging decreases in women feeling judged whilst being active, but these did not yet translate into overall physical activity gains. Further waves of the TGC-V campaign are in progress to reinforce these changes and further influence the perception of being judged among low-active Victorian women.
Reduction in omission events after implementing a Rapid Response System: a mortality review in a department of gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Olsen Siri Lerstøl , Nedrebø Bjørn S , Strand Kristian , Søreide Eldar , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Hansen Britt Sætre 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hospitals worldwide have implemented Rapid Response Systems (RRS) to facilitate early recognition and prompt response by trained personnel to deteriorating patients. A key concept of this system is that it should prevent ‘events of omission’, including failure to monitor patients’ vital signs, delayed detection, and treatment of deterioration and delayed transfer to an intensive care unit. Time matters when a patient deteriorates, and several in-hospital challenges may prevent the RRS from functioning adequately. Therefore, we must understand and address barriers for timely and adequate responses in cases of patient deterioration. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether implementing (2012) and developing (2016) an RRS was associated with an overall temporal improvement and to identify needs for further improvement by studying; patient monitoring, omission event occurrences, documentation of limitation of medical treatment, unexpected death, and in-hospital- and 30-day mortality rates.

Methods
We performed an interprofessional mortality review to study the trajectory of the last hospital stay of patients dying in the study wards in three time periods (P1, P2, P3) from 2010 to 2019. We used non-parametric tests to test for differences between the periods. We also studied overall temporal trends in in-hospital- and 30-day mortality rates.

Results
Fewer patients experienced omission events (P1: 40%, P2: 20%, P3: 11%, P = 0.01). The number of documented complete vital sign sets, median (Q1,Q3) P1: 0 (0,0), P2: 2 (1,2), P3: 4 (3,5), P = 0.01) and intensive care consultations in the wards ( P1: 12%, P2: 30%, P3: 33%, P = 0.007) increased. Limitations of medical treatment were documented earlier (median days from admission were P1: 8, P2: 8, P3: 3, P = 0.01). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates decreased during this decade (rate ratios 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92–0.98) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95–0.99)).

Conclusion
The RRS implementation and development during the last decade was associated with reduced omission events, earlier documentation of limitation of medical treatments, and a temporal reduction in the in-hospital- and 30-day mortality rates in the study wards. The mortality review is a suitable method to evaluate an RRS and provide a foundation for further improvement.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered.
Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) and the cost of care in a tertiary care institute in Sri Lanka
Authors: Premathilaka Rusiru , Darshana Thamal , Ekanayake Chanil , Chathurangani Kossinnage Chethana , Mendis Iroshan , Perinparajah Sajeethan , Shashiprabha Madhushini , Nishshanka Sachith , Tilakaratna Yasoma , Premawardhena Anuja 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite advancements in diagnostic technology, pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) remains a clinical concern. Insufficient information is available regarding the cost of care for the management of PUO in the South Asian Region.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data of patients with PUO from a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka to determine the clinical course of PUO and the burden of the cost incurred in the treatment of PUO patients. Non-parametric tests were used for statistical calculations.

Results
A total of 100 patients with PUO were selected for the present study. The majority were males (n = 55; 55.0%). The mean ages of male and female patients were 49.65 (SD: 15.55) and 46.87 (SD: 16.19) years, respectively. In the majority, a final diagnosis had been made (n = 65; 65%). The mean number of days of hospital stay was 15.16 (SD; 7.81). The mean of the total number of fever days among PUO patients was 44.47 (SD: 37.66). Out of 65 patients whose aetiology was determined, the majority were diagnosed with an infection (n = 47; 72.31%) followed by non-infectious inflammatory disease (n = 13; 20.0%) and malignancies (n = 5; 7.7%). Extrapulmonary tuberculosis was the most common infection detected (n = 15; 31.9%). Antibiotics had been prescribed for the majority of the PUO patients (n = 90; 90%). The mean direct cost of care per PUO patient was USD 467.79 (SD: 202.81). The mean costs of medications & equipment and, investigations per PUO patient were USD 45.33 (SD: 40.13) and USD 230.26 (SD: 114.68) respectively. The cost of investigations made up 49.31% of the direct cost of care per patient.

Conclusion
Infections, mainly extrapulmonary tuberculosis was the most common cause of PUO while a third of patients remained undiagnosed despite a lengthy hospital stay. PUO leads to high antibiotic usage, indicating the need for proper guidelines for the management of PUO patients in Sri Lanka. The mean direct cost of care per PUO patient was USD 467.79. The cost of investigations contributed mostly to the direct cost of care for the management of PUO patients.
Causal relationship between gut microbiota and cancers: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Long Yiwen , Tang Lanhua , Zhou Yangying , Zhao Shushan , Zhu Hong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that the gut microbiota is associated with cancer. However, the causal association between gut microbiota and cancer remains to be determined.

Methods
We first identified two sets of gut microbiota based on phylum, class, order, family, and genus level information, and cancer data were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. We then performed two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) to determine whether the gut microbiota is causally associated with eight cancer types. Furthermore, we performed a bi-directional MR analysis to examine the direction of the causal relations.

Results
We identified 11 causal relationships between genetic liability in the gut microbiome and cancer, including those involving the genus Bifidobacterium. We found 17 strong associations between genetic liability in the gut microbiome and cancer. Moreover, we found 24 associations between genetic liability in the gut microbiome and cancer using multiple datasets.

Conclusions
Our MR analysis revealed that the gut microbiota was causally associated with cancers and may be useful in providing new insights for further mechanistic and clinical studies of microbiota-mediated cancer.
Identification of RimR2 as a positive pathway-specific regulator of rimocidin biosynthesis in Streptomyces rimosus M527
Authors: Li Huijie , Hu Yefeng , Zhang Yongyong , Ma Zheng , Bechthold Andreas , Yu Xiaoping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Streoptomyces rimosus M527 is a producer of the polyene macrolide rimocidin which shows activity against various plant pathogenic fungi. Notably, the regulatory mechanisms underlying rimocidin biosynthesis are yet to be elucidated.

Results
In this study, using domain structure and amino acid alignment and phylogenetic tree construction, rimR2, which located in the rimocidin biosynthetic gene cluster, was first found and identified as a larger ATP-binding regulators of the LuxR family (LAL) subfamily regulator. The rimR2 deletion and complementation assays were conducted to explore its role. Mutant M527-ΔrimR2 lost its ability to produce rimocidin. Complementation of M527-ΔrimR2 restored rimocidin production. The five recombinant strains, M527-ER, M527-KR, M527-21R, M527-57R, and M527-NR, were constructed by overexpressing rimR2 gene using the promoters permE*, kasOp*, SPL21, SPL57, and its native promoter, respectively, to improve rimocidin production. M527-KR, M527-NR, and M527-ER exhibited 81.8%, 68.1%, and 54.5% more rimocidin production, respectively, than the wild-type (WT) strain, while recombinant strains M527-21R and M527-57R exhibited no obvious differences in rimocidin production compared with the WT strain. RT-PCR assays revealed that the transcriptional levels of the rim genes were consistent with the changes in rimocidin production in the recombinant strains. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we confirmed that RimR2 can bind to the promoter regions of rimA and rimC.

Conclusion
A LAL regulator RimR2 was identified as a positive specific-pathway regulator of rimocidin biosynthesis in M527. RimR2 regulates the rimocidin biosynthesis by influencing the transcriptional levels of rim genes and binding to the promoter regions of rimA and rimC.