bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Influence on Osteoarthritis Versus Other Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Magnusson Karin , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Rydén Martin , Englund Martin 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to compare the genetic contribution to osteoarthritis (OA) versus other rheumatic/musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) in the same population and to explore the role for any shared genetics between OA and other RMDs.MethodsIn 59,970 Swedish twins aged 35 years or older, we estimated the heritability (the variance explained by genetic factors) of OA in peripheral joints, back and neck pain, shoulder pain (adhesive capsulitis, impingement syndrome, etc), rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis, myalgia, and osteoporosis diagnosed in specialist and inpatient care. We also studied how much covariance between OA and each of the RMDs could be explained by genetics by studying phenotypic correlations in bivariate classical twin models.ResultsAny‐site OA and hip OA (50% and 64%) were among the most heritable RMDs (as compared with 23% for fibromyalgia [lowest] and 63% for SpA [highest]). The highest phenotypic correlations were between OA (any joint site) and shoulder pain in the same individual (r = 0.33, 95% confidence interval 0.31–0.35), of which 70% (95% confidence interval 52–88) could be explained by shared genetics. The phenotypic correlation between OA and back/neck pain was r = 0.25, with 25% to 75% explained by genetics. Phenotypic correlations between OA and each of the other RMDs were lower (r ~ 0.1 to r ~ 0.2), with inconclusive sources of variation.ConclusionOA has relatively large heritability as compared with other RMDs. The coexistence of OA and shoulder pain, as well as back pain, was common and could often be explained by genetic factors. Findings imply similar etiologies of OA and several pain conditions.
Osimertinib early dose reduction as a risk to brain metastasis control in EGFR‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tozuka Takehiro , Noro Rintaro , Miyanaga Akihiko , Nakamichi Shinji , Takeuchi Susumu , Matsumoto Masaru , Kubota Kaoru , Kasahara Kazuo , Seike Masahiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is a risk factor associated with brain metastases (BMs) in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of osimertinib early dose reduction on BM worsening.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed EGFR‐mutant NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib as first‐line treatment between August 2018 and October 2021. To evaluate the impact of osimertinib early dose reduction, we performed a landmark analysis of patients who achieved disease control at 4 months. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether the osimertinib dose was reduced or not, within 4 months after the start of treatment. We evaluated the time to BMs onset or progression, progression‐free survival, and overall survival.ResultsIn total, 62 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations were analyzed. Thirteen patients experienced early dose reduction of osimertinib treatment. Seven patients received osimertinib 40 mg daily, and six received 80 mg every other day. The most common reason for dose reduction was gastrointestinal toxicity (n = 4), followed by skin rashes (n = 3). The time to BMs onset or progression was significantly shorter in patients who experienced early dose reduction than in those who continued regular treatment (Hazard ratio 4.47, 95% confidence interval, 1.52–13.11). The 1‐year cumulative incidence of BM onset or progression was 23.1% in the reduced‐dose group and 5.0% in the standard dose group. The risk of worsening BMs with early dose reduction of osimertinib treatment was higher in patients who had BMs before treatment and in younger patients.ConclusionEarly dose reduction of osimertinib was a risk factor for the worsening of BMs. A higher risk was associated with younger patients and those presenting BMs before treatment.
Evaluations of Anticancer Effects of Combinations of Cisplatin and Tirucallane‐Type Triterpenes Isolated from Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl).
Authors: Díaz‐Sánchez Lidia , Zentella‐Dehesa Alejandro , Castro‐Torres Víctor Alberto , Silva‐Jiménez Noemi , Jacobo‐Herrera Nadia Judith , Martínez‐Vázquez Mariano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe cytotoxic activity of combinations of masticadienonic (AMD) or 3αOH‐hydroxy‐masticadienonic (3αOH‐AMD) acids with cisplatin (CDDP) was evaluated against PC3 prostate and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines. Combinations A (half the IC50 value), B (IC50 value), and C (twice the IC50 value) were tested at a 1 : 1 ratio. All AMD plus CDDP combinations demonstrated increased cytotoxic effect, as determined by the sulforhodamine B test, in both cell types. The best combination was B, which showed 93 % and 91 % inhibition of the proliferation of PC3 and HCT116 cells, respectively. It also increased apoptosis in the PC3 cell lines, as evaluated by flow cytometry. However, in vivo tests showed no additional activity from the AMD plus CDDP combinations. These results showed that the increased cytotoxic activity of the combinations in vitro did not reflect in vivo tests. All combinations of 3αOH‐AMD plus CDDP exerted antagonistic effects in both cell types.
Alcohol‐Induced Conformation Changes and Thermodynamic Signatures in the Binding of Polyphenols to Proline‐Rich Salivary Proteins
Authors: Jahmidi‐Azizi Nisrine , Oliva Rosario , Winter Roland 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe first contact of polyphenols (tannins) with the human body occurs in the mouth, where they are known to interact with proline‐rich proteins (PRPs). These interactions are important at a sensory level, especially for the development of astringency, but affect also various other biochemical processes. Employing thermodynamic measurements, fluorescence and CD spectroscopy, we investigated the binding process of the prototypical polyphenol ellagic acid (EA) to different IB‐PRPs and BSA, also in the presence of ethanol, which is known to influence tannin–protein interactions. Binding of EA to BSA and the small peptide IB7‐14 is weak, but very strong to IB9‐37. The differences in binding strength and stoichiometry are due to differences in the binding motifs, which also lead to differences in the thermodynamic signatures of the binding process. EA binding to BSA is enthalpy‐driven, whereas binding to both IB7‐14 and IB9‐37 is entropy‐driven. The presence of 10 vol.% EtOH, as present in wines, increases the binding constant of EA with BSA and IB7‐14 drastically, but not that with IB9‐37; however, it changes the binding stoichiometry. These differences can be attributed to the effect of EtOH on the conformation dynamics of the proteins and to changes in hydration properties in alcoholic solution.
Why kiss‐and‐hop explains that tau does not stabilize microtubules and does not interfere with axonal transport (at physiological conditions)
Authors: Bakota Lidia , Brandt Roland 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTau is a microtubule‐associated protein that is enriched in the axonal process of neurons. Post‐translational modifications of tau have been implicated in the development of tauopathies characterized by defects in axonal transport, neuronal atrophy, and microtubule disassembly. Although tau is almost quantitatively bound to microtubules under physiological conditions, it does not significantly affect axonal transport. Furthermore, acute or chronic tau deficiency does not result in significant destabilization of neuronal microtubules, challenging the classical view that disease‐related tau modifications directly cause axonal microtubule collapse. Here, we discuss how the rapid interaction kinetics of the tau‐microtubule interaction, which we previously termed the kiss‐and‐hop interaction, explains why tau does not affect microtubule‐dependent axonal transport but still allows tau to modulate microtubule polymerization. In contrast, tau modifications that slow down the kinetics of the tau‐microtubule interaction and increase the residence time of tau at a microtubule interaction site can disrupt axonal transport and cause dendritic atrophy. We discuss the consequences of such a gain‐of‐toxicity mechanism in terms of the development of disease‐modulating drugs that target the tau protein.
The site dynamics of Corrigiola litoralis (Strapwort) on the Elbe River in Czechia: A combined hydrological and hydrodynamic approach
Authors: Havlíček Vojtěch , Heřmanovský Martin , Bureš Luděk , Martínková Marta , Čuda Jan , Hanel Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aims to identify suitable sites for Corrigiola litoralis (Strapwort) using hydrological and hydrodynamic models and geographical information techniques. It was conducted on the lower Elbe River in Czechia for 1981–2020 at six research sites. Hydrological models BILAN, GR4J and TUW were used together with HEC‐RAS hydrodynamic model. In addition to hydrological model simulations, we also used observed flows. We addressed identifying sites suitable for Corrigiola litoralis by introducing conditions reflecting the ecological requirements of this species. We compared the results with the findings recorded in the literature. The accuracy of this approach was 0.750 when the source of hydrological data was the observations, and the accuracy was, on average, 0.776 when using model simulations. The determined size of a suitable area had a significant variance. The closest to the size determined from the observed data were results based on the simulation of the TUW model. The GR4J model and BILAN model overestimated the size of suitable areas. The presented approach proved to be reasonable for modelling spatio‐temporal dynamics of sites suitable for Corrigiola litoralis.
Professional social connections are associated with student science identity in a research‐based field biology course
Authors: Esparza David , Smith Michelle K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUndergraduate field courses provide students with valuable opportunities to learn in and from the natural environment. Prior research shows that field courses can improve students' cognitive and affective outcomes and encourage them to engage in social interaction with their classmates and professors. Despite frequent documentation of the ability for field courses to promote social relationships, no prior studies have characterized student interaction in this context or its influence on student outcomes. To better understand student interactions, we used social network analysis to characterize how and with whom students formed communities in a semester‐long field course with an integrated research project. We found that students form small, tightly connected communities composed of professional and personal contacts with whom they maintain contact throughout the semester. We asked students what they discussed when talking about their research project with their professional and personal contacts. We found that students explained their research to members of their professional and personal communities. Discussions with professional communities largely focused on guidance related to the technical aspects of their research projects and personal communities focused on personal support. We also examined student research project performance and science identity. Bootstrapped multivariate linear modeling indicated that neither student demographic factors nor the degree to which a student discussed their research with their personal or professional communities influenced their research project grades. However, the strength of the professional but not personal connections was associated with science identity. Based on these findings, we offer evidence‐based recommendations to field course instructors on how best to structure student interaction.
Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum(IV) Complexes Containing 1‐Phenyl‐1H‐pyrazole and α‐Diimine Ligands
Authors: Kamecka Anna , Kapturkiewicz Andrzej , Wójcik Patryk , Suwińska Kinga , Masternak Joanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper deals with the synthesis of a series of cationic [Pt(ppz)2(N^N)]2+ complexes containing deprotonated 1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazole as cyclometallating (C^N) ligands and α‐diimines (N^N) in the form of water‐soluble salts with OTf− (trifluoromethanesulfonate) counter ions. These complexes were obtained from cis‐[Pt(ppz)2Cl2] through chloride ligands substitution with α‐diimines. The complexes were identified by means of NMR spectroscopy and their molecular structures were confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The photophysical properties of these complexes were studied in detail. These complexes showed strong luminescence in MeOH/EtOH 1 : 1 glasses at 77 K but were almost non‐emitting in MeCN solutions at room temperature. Their emission properties were compared to analogues IrIII complexes.
Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of (−)‐Hyacinthacine A1 and (+)‐Hyacinthacine A1 and Their Homologues Using Nitrogen Substituted Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropane
Authors: Gharpure Santosh J. , Patel Raj K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA concise and efficient enantiospecific total synthesis of (−)‐hyacinthacine A1 and (+)‐hyacinthacine A1 was achieved from commercially available starting material L‐pyroglutamic acid and D‐glutamic acid, respectively. For the synthesis of this trihydroxylated pyrrolizidine ring, we employed the nitrogen‐substituted donor‐acceptor cyclopropane as a key intermediate. The synthetic approach relies on two crucial steps, highly stereo‐ and regioselective intramolecular cyclopropanation with Rh2(OAc)4 and regioselective ring opening of a nitrogen‐substituted donor‐acceptor cyclopropane.
Transnasal negative pressure therapy for accelerating healing and improving the prognosis of pharyngocutaneous fistula
Authors: Hu Zhangwei , Guo Xueqin , Chen Lin , Lei Wenbin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is one of the most common complications of total laryngectomy. This study is to investigate the efficacy of a novel platform called transnasal negative pressure therapy (TNPT) in the management of PCF.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 47 patients who underwent total laryngectomy between April 2015 and February 2021 and developed PCF in our hospital. We focused on the healing rate, dressing change frequency, and healing time between the TNPT and non‐TNPT groups. The 2 years overall survival (OS) was compared through the log‐rank test.ResultsThere were 18 patients in the TNPT group and 29 in the non‐TNPT group. There was no significant between‐group difference in the healing rate (chi‐square test). However, the frequency of dressing changes was significantly lower (p < 0.001) and the healing time was significantly shorter (p = 0.0194) in the TNPT group than in the non‐TNPT group. The 2‐year OS rate was significantly higher in the TNPT group (p = 0.0473, log‐rank test).ConclusionTNPT promoted wound healing after surgery for PCF and improved the 2‐year OS rate. This tool is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
Identification of pre‐diagnostic lipid sets associated with liver cancer risk using untargeted lipidomics and chemical set analysis: A nested case‐control study within the ATBC cohort
Authors: Barupal Dinesh K. , Ramos Mark L. , Florio Andrea A. , Wheeler William A. , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Albanes Demetrius , Fiehn Oliver , Graubard Barry I. , Petrick Jessica L. , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn pre‐disposed individuals, a reprogramming of the hepatic lipid metabolism may support liver cancer initiation. We conducted a high‐resolution mass spectrometry based untargeted lipidomics analysis of pre‐diagnostic serum samples from a nested case‐control study (219 liver cancer cases and 219 controls) within the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study. Out of 462 annotated lipids, 158 (34.2%) were associated with liver cancer risk in a conditional logistic regression analysis at a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05. A chemical set enrichment analysis (ChemRICH) and co‐regulatory set analysis suggested that 22/28 lipid classes and 47/83 correlation modules were significantly associated with liver cancer risk (FDR <0.05). Strong positive associations were observed for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) having MUFA acyl chains. Negative associations were observed for sphingolipids (ceramides and sphingomyelins), lysophosphatidylcholines, cholesterol esters and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) containing TAGs and PCs. Stearoyl‐CoA desaturase enzyme 1 (SCD1), a rate limiting enzyme in fatty acid metabolism and ceramidases seems to be critical in this reprogramming. In conclusion, our study reports pre‐diagnostic lipid changes that provide novel insights into hepatic lipid metabolism reprogramming may contribute to a pro‐cell growth and anti‐apoptotic tissue environment and, in turn, support liver cancer initiation.
Cellulose nanofibrils derived from pulp as a high performance separator for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Cho Hyeon Woo , Kim Ju Won , Mugobera Sharon , Park Roseong , Jung Jihyuk , Ko Jang Myoun , Lee Kwang Se 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HwBKP) are produced via enzymatic, chemical, and mechanical treatment. A nanoporous structured CNF‐based separator is produced, and the electrochemical performance, morphology, and thermal stability analyses are performed in comparison to the commercial polyethylene separator. The results obtained show that the electrolyte‐philic CNF separator has capacity retention of 88.6% over 200 cycles and very good ionic conductivity and wettability results due to its high hydrophilic nature. At 140°C, the CNF separator was resilient to heat and remained intact. The CNF separator reflects high thermal resistance and good electrolyte uptake properties that are among the mandatory requirements of a separator hence, a promising contender for use in lithium‐ion batteries.
Real, potentially real, and hypothetical monetary rewards in probability discounting
Authors: Okouchi Hiroto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough hypothetical rewards have been used almost exclusively in human discounting studies, investigations of their validity are limited. The present experiment compared the discounting of monetary reward value by probability across conditions in which the rewards were real, potentially real, and hypothetical. Twenty‐four undergraduates choose between an uncertain large reward and a certain small reward 60 times (trials). In the real and hypothetical reward conditions, the participants made choices with real and hypothetical money, respectively, in every trial. In the potentially real condition, they did so with real money in randomly selected three of the 60 trials and with hypothetical money in the remainder. The log10‐transformed h values of a hyperbolic probability‐discount function and the values of the area under the curve with an ordinal transformation of odds against were higher and lower, respectively, in the potentially real and in the hypothetical reward conditions than in the real reward condition, demonstrating that the probability discounting of hypothetical monetary rewards was larger than that of real rewards. These results suggest that future studies are required to identify why the hypothetical reward procedure overestimates the discounting rates of real rewards.
Sickle cell anemia and pregnancy: Profile of hemodynamic changes in sickle cell pregnant women in Kinshasa
Authors: Mikobi Tite Minga , Kamuanya Nelly Ciombo , Mikobi Emmanuelle Ketsia Bokashanga , Kalela Thérèse Ilunga , Akilimali Pierre Zalagile , Lukusa Prosper Tshilobo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPregnancy is accompanied by hormonal changes. These relate mainly to progesterone and placenate growth factor. Hemodynamic changes are also observed. in a sickle cell pregnant woman, all these changes have a direct effect on hypoxia. This is responsible for the polymerization of HbS. The latter causes the sickling of sickle red blood cells. sickling of red blood cells is responsible for hemolysis and vasoocclusion, two major acute manifestations during pregnancy in a sickle cell patient.
Quantitative Assessment of Peripheral Oxidative Metabolism With a New Dynamic 1H MRI Technique: A Pilot Study in People With and Without Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wahidi Ryan , Zhang Yi , Li Ran , Xu Jiadi , Zayed Mohamed A. , Hastings Mary K. , Zheng Jie 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked to impaired mitochondrial function. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a gadolinium‐contrast‐free 1H method to assess mitochondrial function by measuring low‐concentration metabolites. A CEST MRI‐based technique may serve as a non‐invasive proxy for assessing mitochondrial health.HypothesisA 1H CEST MRI technique may detect significant differences in in vivo skeletal muscle phosphocreatine (SMPCr) kinetics between healthy volunteers and T2DM patients undergoing standardized isometric exercise.Study TypeCross‐sectional study.SubjectsSeven subjects without T2DM (T2DM−) and seven age, sex, and BMI‐matched subjects with T2DM (T2DM+).Field Strength/SequenceSingle‐shot rapid acquisition with refocusing echoes (RARE) and single‐shot gradient‐echo sequences, 3 T.AssessmentSubjects underwent a rest‐exercise‐recovery imaging protocol to dynamically acquire SMPCr maps in calf musculature. Medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus SMPCr concentrations were plotted over time, and SMPCr recovery time, , was determined. Mitochondrial function index was calculated as the ratio of resting SMPCr to . Participants underwent a second exercise protocol for imaging of skeletal muscle blood flow (SMBF), and its association with SMPCr was assessed.Statistical TestsUnpaired t‐tests and Pearson correlation coefficient. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsSMPCr concentrations in MG and soleus displayed expected declines during exercise and returns to baseline during recovery. was significantly longer in the T2DM+ cohort (MG 83.5 ± 25.8 vs. 54.0 ± 21.1, soleus 90.5 ± 18.9 vs. 51.2 ± 14.5). The mitochondrial function index in the soleus was significantly lower in the T2DM+ cohort (0.33 ± 0.08 vs. 0.66 ± 0.19). SMBF was moderately correlated with the SMPCr in T2DM−; this correlation was not significant in T2DM+ (r = −0.23, P = 0.269).ConclusionThe CEST MRI method is feasible for quantifying SMPCr in peripheral muscle tissue. T2DM+ individuals had significantly lower oxidative capacities than T2DM− individuals. In T2DM, skeletal muscle metabolism appeared to be decoupled from perfusion.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 1