bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Public Debt Ratio in Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Atiqasani Ghania , Nairobi Nairobi , Darmawan Arif 
Published: April 2023

The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic, which hampers mobility and productivity, creates a slowdown in the movement of the wheels of the economy, thus indirectly requiring several countries to increase their sources of revenue through public debt to meet the needs of the people and maintain economic stability in each country. the problems faced by middle-income countries are related to the participation of government and other public institutions both in the formulation of public policies, the management of public resources, to the realization of human rights that should be free from abuse of the position of relevant policymakers. As a result, not a few countries experience uncertainty about the actual situation from public accounts, which has encouraged the creation of doubts and conflicts among the public about the role of governments in dealing with the global economic crisis, which among others, is illustrated through several economic problems that occur in middle-income countries. The purpose of this study is to answer the question of whether, in middle-income countries, the factors of the previous year's debt-to-GDP ratio, fiscal transparency, corruption, and e-budgeting simultaneously and partially influence the debt-to-GDP balance in 74 middle-income countries in 2021. The method used is OLS regression analysis of cross-section data. This study found that the previous year's debt accumulation significantly affected the debt ratio to GDP. Meanwhile, fiscal transparency and the implementation of e-budgeting hurt the insignificant debt-to-GDP ratio; corruption has a little positive effect on the debt-to-GDP ratio.
Atomistic simulation of Stoner–Wohlfarth (SW) particle
Authors: Ahsan Junaid Ul , Majeeed Asif , Singh Harkirat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Stoner–Wohlfarth (SW) model is a very lucid way of describing the dynamics of a single domain particle whose switching properties are important for storage applications such as magnetic random-access memory. This model explains the ideal case hysteresis and angular dependence of magnetization curves of aggregation of single domain particles with uniaxial anisotropy. Based on the energetics of a ferromagnetic particle and using atomistic simulations solving the Landau Lifshitz Gilbert equation, we study the hysteresis loop of a 1 nm ellipsoidal cobalt nanoparticle. The simulated M–H plot also displays the hysteresis branch crossing behavior when the field is applied close to the hard-axis.
Learning abnormal physical examination signs: an introductory course
Authors: Sabirov Albert , Chludzinski Melodie , Eminof Emin , Eddy Alexis , Gallagher John , Jung Ichabod 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context
The acquisition of clinical skills is an essential part of the osteopathic medical school curriculum. Preclinical medical students, especially at osteopathic medical schools, have limited exposure to abnormal physical examination (PE) findings that are not typically seen in a student’s peers or in a standardized patient (SP). The early exposure of first-year medical students (MS1s) to normal and abnormal findings in the simulation settings better equips them to identify abnormalities when they encounter them in a clinical setting.

Objectives
The aim of this project was to develop and implement the introductory course on learning abnormal PE signs and pathophysiology of abnormal clinical findings to address the educational needs of MS1s.

Methods
The didactic part of the course consisted of PowerPoint presentations and lecture on the topics related to the simulation. The practical skill session was 60 min, during which time students first practiced PE signs and then were assessed on their ability to accurately identify abnormal PE signs on a high-fidelity (HF) mannequin. Faculty instructors guided students through clinical cases and challenged them with probing questions in clinically relevant content. Before- and after-simulation evaluations were created to assess students’ skills and confidence. Student satisfaction levels after the training course were also assessed.

Results
This study demonstrated significant improvements in five PE skills (p<0.0001) after the introductory course of abnormal PE clinical signs. The average score for five clinical skills increased from 63.1 to 88.74% (before to after simulation). The confidence of students in performing clinical skills and their understanding of the pathophysiology of abnormal clinical findings also increased significantly (p<0.0001) after simulation activity and educational instruction. The average confidence score increased from 3.3 to 4.5% (before to after simulation) on a 5-point Likert scale. Survey results demonstrated high satisfaction with the course among learners with mean satisfaction score 4.7 ± 0.4 on 5-point Likert scale. The introductory course was well received by MS1s and they left positive feedback.

Conclusions
This introductory course offered MS1s with novice PE skills the ability to learn a variety of abnormal PE signs, including heart murmurs and rhythms, lung sounds, measurement of blood pressure (BP), and palpation of the femoral pulse. This course also allowed abnormal PE findings to be taught in a time-efficient and faculty-resource–efficient manner.
Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment in “PPI Non-responsive” Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Thakkar Kisan P , Philpott Hamish , Lafata Sean , Fowler Mark , Keene Staci , Iuga Alina , Dellon E. 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims: Some eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients can have a decline in eosinophil count after proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment without achieving histologic response, but little is known about this group. We aimed to determine the effect of PPIs on reducing esophageal eosinophilia in patients deemed non-responsive to PPI therapy.
Methods: We analyzed prospectively collected cohort data from newly diagnosed adults with EoE who were histologic non-responders (≥15 eos/hpf) to PPI-only therapy. Symptoms, endoscopic histologic features were assessed before and after PPI. Pre- and post-PPI treatment esophageal biopsies were read by pathologists to determine peak eosinophil counts and other histologic findings.
Results: Of 125 patients, peak eosinophil counts were 102.1 ± 69.8 and 102.9 ± 101.1 (p=0.93) before and after PPI treatment, respectively, but lamina propria fibrosis decreased from 97% to 41% (p<0.001). Heartburn frequency also decreased (19% to 11%; p=0.006), though endoscopic findings did not change. There were 75 patients (60%) who had some decrease in eosinophil counts, with 30 patients (24%) having ≥50% decrease in counts. When comparing the ≥50% and <50% decrease groups, differences in endoscopic features were identified, but the ≥50% group had improvement in eosinophil degranulation, microabscesses, spongiosis, and basal cell hyperplasia.
Conclusion: Peak eosinophil counts did not decrease overall after PPI treatment, but symptoms of heartburn improved. Approximately a quarter had ≥50% decrease in eosinophil counts, with associated decreases in other histologic findings. Further research may consider what role PPIs have in this subset of non-responders or in combination therapies.
Rotational inertia-based tuned-mass-damper for controlling force transmission
Authors: Barredo Eduardo , Mazón-Valadez Cuauhtémoc , Mendoza-Larios José Gabriel , Maldonado-Bravo Irving Abdiel 
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, the inerter device has become one of most popular mechanical devices in the vibration absorption field for both stationary and non-stationary mechanical structures. One of the problems commonly reported in the literature is the force transmission control in the foundations that support the machines, which is generally addressed by using either isolators or classic dynamic vibration absorbers (DVAs). However, the mechanical energy dissipation capability of these two solutions is still limited. This work focuses on improving the control performance for the conventional absorber using the inerter’s inertial mass amplification and negative stiffness effects. In order to fairly evaluate the control performance of the DVA based on grounded inerter, the and optimization criteria are proposed. When the dimensionless frequency response function (FRF) of the transmissibility is minimized at the resonant peaks, the criterion reveals an improvement of 29.74% in mitigating harmonic vibration. Finally, the total vibration energy transmitted to the foundation is minimized via criterion that provides an improvement of 33.03%.
Curso virtual en gestión de proyectos para la presentación de propuestas de reparación de los miembros de la fuerza pública ante la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz
Authors: Cardozo Garcia Mayra Alejandra 
Published: April 2023

Introducción: El presente artículo muestra los resultados de la manera como los AVA se constituyen en una herramienta esencial tanto para la estructura y diseño, como para la ejecución de cualquier tipo de curso virtual.
Metodología: El enfoque metodológico socio-constructivista y el aprendizaje por competencias permite el abordaje del propósito investigativo de corte mixto. La estructura curricular soportada en el curso se basa en la tríada Saber–Ser–Hacer, y se articula por medio de la taxonomía SOLO.
Resultados: El curso virtual en gestión de proyectos para la presentación de propuestas de reparación de los miembros de la fuerza pública ante la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz, con sus seis módulos compartidos a través de Moodle, acoge la estrategia Social-Ad para llegar a la población objetivo. La prueba piloto se aplica a 11 participantes y ofrece resultados satisfactorios. La encuesta registra impresiones y recomendaciones; se atiende el informe alrededor de los estándares de evaluación y el informe sobre desarrollo del curso y desempeño de participantes.
Conclusiones: Abordar las temáticas curriculares en gestión de proyectos aprovechando los ambientes virtuales, resulta ser favorable, augurando la efectividad de su implementación entre sus usuarios.
Palabras clave: Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje, Curso virtual, Gestión de Proyectos, Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz, Miembros Fuerza Pública
Impacto del uso de TIC en los niveles de comprensión lectora en estudiantes del grado 5°JM del Colegio Nicolás Gómez Dávila
Authors: Romero Henao Edna Viviana , Melo Fontecha Sara 
Published: April 2023

El proceso de investigación que se propuso en este documento aportó una descripción del impacto que tiene el uso de herramientas digitales que han logrado envolver al estudiante y a su vez, permitió establecer si además de elevar los niveles motivacionales pudo influir en el desarrollo de habilidades relacionadas con procesos de comprensión lectora. Por ello, el objetivo general plantea: “Describir el impacto del uso de las TIC en los niveles de comprensión lectora en estudiantes del grado 5°JM del Colegio Nicolás Gómez Dávila”. Para ello, fue necesario ahondar en las siguientes categorías de análisis: Comprensión Lectora, Herramientas TIC y Acompañamiento familiar en procesos de comprensión lectora. El enfoque de la investigación fue de carácter cualitativo y el diseño de la investigación estuvo bajo las premisas de la investigación – acción.
Para dar cuenta del objetivo de la investigación se aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos validados por un experto: una encuesta a los padres de familia, tres pruebas de entrada y tres pruebas de salida de comprensión lectora a 15 estudiantes del grado 5°JM.
Esto permitió generar algunas recomendaciones dirigidas al fortalecimiento de la compresión lectora mediada por las TIC.
Molecular mechanisms of wound healing: the role of zinc as an essential microelement
Authors: Lebedeva Svetlana A. , Galenko-Yaroshevsky (Jr.) Pavel A. , Samsonov Mikhail Yu. , Erlich Arkadiy B. , Zelenskaya Anait V. , Margaryan Arus G. , Materenchuk Maria Yu. , Arshinov Iaroslav R. , Zharov Yuriy V. , Shelemekh Olga V. , Lomsadze Izabella G. , Demura Tatiana A. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: In the course of evolution, humans developed a number of complex multi-step wound healing mechanisms which limit the infectious agents access to the bloodstream, protect the organism from blood loss, and restore skin integrity. The process of skin wound healing includes the following stages: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. These processes are possible because of modulators, growth factors, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases and cellular receptors, as well as some trace elements like zinc.
Materials and Methods: The presented data was analyzed and compiled using all relevant articles describing the role of zinc in blood coagulation, proliferation, damaged tissues regeneration and angiogenesis.
Results and Discussion: There are some on-going studies about zinc effects on blood coagulation, proliferation, damaged tissues regeneration and angiogenesis. However, molecular mechanisms of these processes are not yet fully understood and require further study. The analysis of scientific efforts to investigate the role of zinc in wound healing molecular mechanisms is especially relevant to the understanding of treatment of skin wound injuries.
Conclusion: Wound healing is a complex multi-phase process consisting of several phases. Each stage involves metal ions, primarily zinc, which stimulates re-epithelialization, decreases inflammation and bacterial growth. The use of known zinc-based drugs is accompanied by side effects and low efficacy due to low skin absorption. These factors significantly limit use of such drugs and highlight the urgency of finding new, more effective and safe treatment. The emerging field of nanobiotechnology may provide an alternative platform to develop new therapeutic agents for the wound healing process.
Graphical Abstract
Antidepressants and Suicide: 7,829 Inquests in England and Wales, 2003–2020
Authors: Read John 
Published: March 2023

Background:Antidepressant (AD) medications increase suicidality for some, or all, age groups. Some, or all, types of ADs, are frequently used in suicides involving overdoses.Methods:The article examines a previously unanalyzed data set summarizing 7,829 media reports of Coroners’ inquests in England and Wales that mention ADs, between 2003 and 2020.Results:The most frequently cited ADs were SSRIs (48.9%) and tricyclics (24.6%). The specific drugs cited most often were the SSRI drug citalopram (19.8%) and the tricyclic drug amitriptyline (17.5%). Of 2,329 cases of death by overdose, 933 (40.1%) were overdoses of ADs, 512 of which (54.9%) did not involve other substances. The ADs most frequently named were amitriptyline (186), and citalopram (86). A further 929 were overdoses of unnamed medicines, a proportion of which may have been ADs.Limitations:The data set, which relies primarily on archives of local newspapers, is incomplete and therefore underestimates the total numbers involved. The accuracy of coroners’ verdicts is not perfect.Conclusions:If preventing suicide is a primary reason for prescribing ADs, this data set includes several thousand people for whom the drugs clearly did not work. Furthermore, about 1,000 people used the drugs that were supposed to alleviate their depression to kill themselves. Systematic analyses of all inquests would be more informative. Meanwhile, reducing the overprescribing of these relatively ineffective and, for some, lethally dangerous substances is suggested, to reduce suicides.
L’édifice Filmique Russe: Laboratoire d’Un Autre Futur en Afrique
Authors: Affagnon Qemal 
Published: April 2023

Au tournant de la décennie 80, l’Afrique subsaharienne francophone a connu une période pendant laquelle, la production cinématographique locale inondait les petits écrans. Depuis deux décennies, ce constat n’est cependant plus actuel . Si la montée en puissance des productions de l’audiovisuel d’Afrique francophone est réelle, le secteur se caractérise tout autant par un environnement artistique concurrentiel. C’est dans ce cadre que des groupes étrangers, développent des programmes pour une diffusion principalement locale. Tous les genres et formats sont proposés, à l’instar du documentaire russe , la libération du Mali , diffusé sur la chaîne malienne M7 TV . Dans un marché audiovisuel croissant, les actions du groupe paramilitaire Wagner sont également mises en scène dans des films et des dessins animés. A partir d’une analyse des contenus médiatiques proposés par cette nouvelle industrie audiovisuelle , cet essai présente une réflexion épistémologique face à la percée de ces productions et la façon dont elles négocient leur place face aux goûts des téléspectateurs africains.

In the 1980s, French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa has known a period during which local film production flooded the television screens. For the past two decades, this observation is however no longer valid. If the rise of audiovisual productions in French-speaking Africa is real, the sector is also characterized by a competitive artistic environment. Within this framework, a couple of foreign groups have started to develop some programs mainly available for local distribution. All genres and formats are offered, such as the Russian documentary, the liberation of Mali, which has been broadcasted on the Malian channel M7 TV. In a growing audiovisual market, the actions of the paramilitary group Wagner are also featured in films and cartoons. From an analysis of the media contents offered by this new audiovisual industry, this essay presents an epistemological reflection on the success of these productions and the way they negotiate their place in relation to the tastes of African viewers.
Hacia un Modelo de Medición del Desempeño Organizacional en las Micro y Pequeñas Empresas del Sector Manufacturero en México
Authors: Murillo Ricardo Gallegos , Alma Lilia Sapién Aguilar , Laura Cristina Piñón Howlet 
Published: April 2023

El objetivo fue proponer un modelo de medición de desempeño para las micro y pequeñas empresas del sector manufacturero de la ciudad de Chihuahua, México. El método de la investigación fue de naturaleza mixta, el diseño fue no experimental y transeccional, el muestreo fue no probabilístico. Se analizó la situación actual de las micro y pequeñas empresas del sector manufacturero en áreas de planeación estratégica, tecnologías de la información y comunicación, capacitación, productividad y rentabilidad. Los resultados arrojaron que las empresas no cuentan con los conocimientos necesarios para implementar mediciones del desempeño. La originalidad del trabajo es la propuesta de un modelo de medición del desempeño que represente cómo al medir el desempeño organizacional se propicia un mejor nivel de competitividad. Los hallazgos mostraron que las micro y pequeñas empresas consideran como indicador principal para evaluar el desempeño organizacional a la productividad, sin embargo, una variable importante fue medir el rendimiento concepto que la mayoría de las empresas desconocía y no lo lleva a cabo. Además . La principal limitación fue la localización de varias empresas.

The objective was to propose a performance measurement model for micro and small businesses in the manufacturing sector of Chihuahua City, Mexico. The research method was mixed in nature, the design was non-experimental and transactional, sampling was non-probabilistic. The current situation of micro and small enterprises in the manufacturing sector was analyzed in areas of strategic planning, information and communication technologies, training, productivity, and profitability. The findings showed that micro and small companies consider productivity as the main indicator to evaluate organizational performance, however, an important variable was measuring performance, a concept that most companies were unaware of and do not carry out. In addition to the benefits generated by investing in training, they are not measurable in companies. The main limitation was the location of several companies.
Aux Sources de la Pollution Urbaine : Le Contexte des Villes Européennes au Second Moyen Âge
Authors: Paché Gilles 
Published: April 2023

La question environnementale occupe une place de plus en plus importante dans les débats sociétaux, tout particulièrement en Europe. La place d’une ville durable y est désormais significative, en soulignant combien la pollution des espaces urbains dégrade la qualité de vie des citadins depuis plusieurs décennies. Tout se passe comme si la ville souillée par la pollution était une invention récente du capitalisme financier triomphant, dont les excès antiécologiques sont notamment soulignés par des activistes et des ONG. Or, la pollution urbaine a des origines très anciennes, comme l’indique l’article en se référant au second Moyen Âge en Europe. Les villes connaissent alors des conditions environnementales dramatiques, en lien avec le développement d’activités commerciales et industrielles, ainsi qu’une gestion catastrophique des déchets humains et animaux et des excréments, jetés dans des cours d’eau ou des fossés. Toutefois, les autorités politiques de l’époque prennent conscience des conséquences néfastes de la pollution de l’espace urbain et commencent à agir pour apporter des réponses au problème, en constituant ainsi les lointaines traces de l’interventionnisme public contemporain. L’article est de nature réflexive, avec pour objectif d’identifier dans un premier temps les sources de la pollution urbaine au Second Moyen Âge, puis dans un second temps, les actions conduites par les autorités politiques afin de les réduire sous la pression d’attitudes « environnementales » de la part des citadins.

The environmental issue is becoming increasingly important in societal debates, especially in Europe. The place of a sustainable city is now significant, underlining the extent to which the pollution of urban spaces has been degrading the quality of life of inhabitants for several decades. It is as if the city soiled by pollution were a recent invention of triumphant financial capitalism, whose anti-environmental excesses are highlighted by activists and NGOs. However, urban pollution has very ancient origins, as the article indicates by referring to the late Middle Ages in Europe. The cities then experienced dramatic environmental conditions, linked to the development of commercial and industrial activities, as well as catastrophic management of human and animal waste and excrement, thrown into waterways or ditches. However, the political authorities of the time became aware of the harmful consequences of the pollution of urban space. They began to act to provide answers to the problem, thus forming the distant traces of contemporary public interventionism. The article is reflexive in nature, with the objective of identifying, first, the sources of urban pollution in the late Middle Ages and, second, the actions taken by political authorities to reduce them under the pressure of “environmental” attitudes on the part of city inhabitants.