bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decomposition kinetics of sodium amalgam in fixed bed of WC‐coated tubular SS‐304 packing: Modelling and validation
Authors: Manivannan Sridhar , Mandal Debapriya , Dabhade Prasad A. , Chamfekar Manish J. , Paul Christ P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractErosion of graphite packing in continuously operating fixed bed sodium amalgam decomposers leads to performance degradation accompanied by clogging in the downstream process lines which not only increases the maintenance and catalyst refilling costs but also aggravates the risk of mercury vapour exposure. To overcome this drawback, the present work utilizes tubular SS‐304 packing coated with tungsten carbide (WC) on the outer surface. The coating is obtained using an indigenously developed laser‐directed energy deposition facility. Dedicated experimental setup is developed for each set of process parameters to comparatively study the fixed bed decomposition kinetics at steady state for three types of WC‐coated SS‐304 packing and a conventional spherical graphite packing. In parallel, a numerical 3D–1D model is implemented using open source computational solvers and is experimentally validated. The algorithm of this model is based on proposed drop–fill approach for WC‐coated SS‐304 packing and modified drop approach for spherical graphite packing, respectively. In terms of decomposition rates, the performance of WC‐coated SS‐304 packing surpasses that of spherical graphite packing at high amalgam flowrates; meanwhile, the average alteration in experimental steady‐state temperature profile after continuous operation of 2 years is around 2% for WC‐coated SS‐304 packing as compared to nearly 17% for spherical graphite packing.
Current status and future perspectives on the biological production of polyhydroxyalkanoates
Authors: Che Lin , Jin Wenbiao , Zhou Xu , Han Wei , Chen Yidi , Chen Chuan , Jiang Guangming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, the environmental pollution caused by conventional petroleum‐based plastics is one of the most serious problems facing mankind, and it is of great significance to look for alternative plastics with biodegradable feature. Notably, the bioplastics based on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have been a focus on research and development during the past several decades. In this review, the recent advances on the biological production of PHA were summarized, mainly including biosynthetic pathways and methods, followed by the extraction processes. Furthermore, the current status on PHA production using industrial waste streams was also discussed. For the moment, the relative higher production cost hindered the large‐scale biological production of PHA. Therefore, some insightful strategies were presented about the future research and scale production on biological production of PHA.
Preparation and characterization of CO2/O2 selective facilitated transport films by coating polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol/aminated sodium lignosulfonate on TiO2/ZnO‐modified LDPE
Authors: Zhao Ye , Qiu Xiaolin , Wang Jie , Chen Xiaojing , Chen Jinhua , Zhang Jiawei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel facilitated transport film was prepared by coating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/aminated sodium lignosulfonate on TiO2/ZnO‐modified low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), tetramethylpiperidine amine (TEMP), and acrylamide (AM) were selected to modify sodium lignosulfonate (Ls) for enhancing the selectivity and permeability of CO2/O2. The fabricated Ls were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric test (TG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CO2 permeability and CO2/O2 selectivity were improved with the increase in the amount of amine groups. Compared with the addition of Ls modified by alcohol amine, the composite film has higher selectivity to CO2 after the addition of DETA‐Ls or TEMP‐Ls. The selectivity of the 1:3:3EDA/MEA‐Ls‐g‐AM composite film reached 13.7, and CO2 permeability increased by 5.54 times. The storage test also demonstrated that the composite films have better freshness retention ability. As a result, modified LDPE coated by PVA/PEG/aminated Ls has the potential as an active modified atmosphere packaging material.
Ambipolar Columnar Self‐assembled Organic Semiconductors based on Heteroatom bay‐Annulated Perylene Bisimides
Authors: Behera Paresh Kumar , Yadav Kajal , Shankar Rao D. S. , Pandey Upendra Kumar , Sudhakar Achalkumar Ammathnadu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHighly electron‐deficient heteroatom (N, S, Se) bay‐annulated PBIs exhibiting ordered columnar phase over a wide mesomorphic range including ambient temperature are reported in this manuscript. These compounds with six peripheral n‐decyloxy chains exhibited absorption spectra with high molar extinction coefficients, electron‐deficient nature and self‐assembling behaviour. A detailed comparison with the PBIs bearing six peripheral n‐decyl chains was also carried out to get the valuable insights on the structure‐property relations in this important class of organic semiconductors. Both of the PBI series were tested for their charge carrier mobility by space charge limited current method and found that they exhibit ambipolar conductivity. This is in contrary to the vast body of literature, where most of the PBI based semiconductors exhibit electron transport behaviour. In general, PBIs derived from tri‐n‐alkyl anilines exhibit higher mobility values than the PBIs derived from tri‐n‐alkoxy anilines. Especially, the ambipolar S‐annulated PBI derived from tri‐n‐alkyl aniline exhibited highest hole (8.39×10−3 cm2/V.s) and electron (1.5×10−2 cm2/V.s) mobility values and promising for the application in organic electronics.
Multicriteria assessment of technology pathways to produce renewable and sustainable biofuels: case study in eastern Canada
Authors: Bele Georgiana , Benali Marzouk , Stuart Paul R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the key pathways that can contribute to net‐zero goals is to enhance the use of renewable and sustainable biofuels. However, uncertainties remain owing to critical challenges to selecting the right sustainable biofuels technology most suitable for the longer term. These uncertainties can be partly addressed using a multidisciplinary perspective for scenarios and multicriteria decision‐making analysis. Multicriteria decision support tools (DSTs) are a powerful means to conduct the comparison of technology pathways at different technology readiness levels (TRLs). For this case study, a multidimensional DST was used to compare two technology pathways: (1) gasification combined with Fischer–Tropsch; and (2) hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to produce biofuels. The metrics available in the DST were examined, and five metrics related to evaluating profitability, robustness and capital efficiency as well as socio‐economic performance were selected. HTL was found to have a higher yield for renewable gasoline and diesel, largely due to higher economic performance and reduced environmental footprint as compared with the integrated gasification Fischer–Tropsch process. However, the TRL of 8–9 of biomass gasification was higher than that of HTL, which was still at 5–6, reflecting that the gasification process is essentially proven at a pre‐commercial scale. Based on sensitivity and scenario analyses, the importance of government support for capital cost and of biofuel price production incentives was identified as critical. From this comparison, HTL emerges as an attractive process for the future because of its outperformance from technical and environmental perspectives, but further demonstration efforts are still needed at the commercial scale. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Techno‐economic and policy analysis of hydrogen and gasoline production from forest biomass, agricultural residues and municipal solid waste in California
Authors: Gilani Haris R. , Ibrik Karim , Sanchez Daniel L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTechno‐economic and policy analyses were performed of hydrogen and gasoline production from forest biomass (FB). They were compared with fuels produced using agricultural residues and municipal solid waste in California. Twelve process designs were analyzed, with and without carbon capture and storage, and life‐cycle analysis was performed, using California's Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) 3.0 model, to calculate the average life‐cycle carbon intensity of different process designs for hydrogen and gasoline. Discounted cash flow models were developed to assess profitability in terms of the net present value and internal rate of return (IRR). The results showed that forest‐to‐fuel pathways (positive IRR between 2%−16%) were the least competitive biomass‐based pathway option. Sensitivity analysis was performed on economic parameters including feedstock price and renewable identification number (RIN) credit price. In the case of RIN credits, profitability declined significantly as the proportion of FB from federal lands increased given existing statutory limitations. Given the importance of increasing forest management to reduce wildfire risks, the necessary additional policy incentives were quantified to equalize the cost of forest‐to‐fuels pathways with the other biofuels pathways. To ensure FB‐to‐fuels pathways are cost competitive with agricultural residues, policymakers could increase the low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) credit price for forest fuels (additional credit price support of $41–75 t/CO2e), give additional credit to lifecycle emissions reductions from forest fuels (additional carbon intensity decrease of 19–76 gCO2e MJ−1), provide concessionary debt or equity with a target weighted average cost of capital (WACC) = 3–4%, subsidize capital costs (12–22% of costs), or subsidize FB delivery ($35–66 per dry ton delivered).
A simple and rapid liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of 15 bile acids in human serum and its application to patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Li Ying , Cui Li , Liu Mingli , Zhao Furong , Sun Hongzhi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiver cirrhosis is currently the twelfth leading cause of death globally and the sixth leading cause of death in China. Its treatment is expensive. Changes in the composition of the serum bile acid pool are sensitive indicators of the severity of liver cirrhosis. In this study, a novel LC–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed and used to simultaneously determine 15 bile acids in human serum in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Sample preparation involved spiking with isotope internal standards followed by protein precipitation. The analytical run time was 5 min. The LC–MS/MS method was fully validated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) C62A and the consensus of method development and validation of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in clinical laboratories. The method achieved an acceptable coefficient of variation for precision (0.83%–14.80%) and accuracy (89.39%–107.62%). Finally, as proof of applicability, the method was applied to patients with decompensated cirrhosis in routine clinical sample analysis. The degree of variation of different bile acids was clearly shown. These results indicated that abnormal metabolic pathways might play important roles in decompensated cirrhosis.
Error‐related brain activity associated with obsessive–compulsive symptoms in youth
Authors: Becker Hannah , Liu Yanni , Hanna Gregory L. , Bilek Emily , Block Stefanie Russman , Hardee Jillian E. , Heitzeg Mary M. , Pagliaccio David , Marsh Rachel , Fitzgerald Kate D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSubclinical obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS) are common in children, and increase risk for later onset of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). In pediatric patients with OCD, neuroimaging research implicates altered neural mechanisms for error‐processing, but whether abnormal brain response occurs with subclinical OCS remains poorly understood.MethodsUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 113 youth (8–18 years; 45 female) from a community sample were scanned during an error‐eliciting Go/No‐Go task. OCS were assessed dimensionally using the obsessive–compulsive subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist. The association between OCS scores and error‐related brain activity was examined at the whole‐brain level.ResultsLower OCS scores associated with stronger response to errors in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), caudate, putamen, thalamus, and occipital cortex. Additionally, lower OCS related to higher capacity for inhibitory control, as indexed by greater accuracy on No‐Go trials during fMRI scanning. The relationship between lower OCS and better accuracy on No‐Go trials was mediated by greater error‐related dACC activity.ConclusionsThe inverse relationship between OCS and error‐related activity in the dACC and extended cortical–striatal–thalamic circuitry may index an adaptive process by which subclinical OCS are minimized in youth. Further, these results identify an observable pattern of brain activity that tracks with subclinical OCS severity. Understanding the link between neural networks for error processing and the normal to abnormal range of OCS may pave the way for brain‐based strategies to identify children who are more likely to develop OCD and enable the targeting of preventive strategies to reduce risk.
Still a rite of passage? A perspective on current therapeutic attitudes and interventions in relation to cyberbullying
Authors: Jones Callum 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper examines cyberbullying concerning therapeutic interventions. A section on bullying and how bullying impacts the therapeutic environment is included. The author provides his definition of bullying to incorporate cyberbullying and how it is no longer a “new issue” but an evolving one. The current status of therapeutic interventions used to support victims of cyberbullying has been explored, emphasising their effectiveness in assisting those experiencing bullying. A segment has been implemented to comprehend whether practitioners fully understand the potential implications of cyberbullying on clients, whether bullying is still seen as a “rite of passage” and what the possible consequences of this could be. Peer interventions and support groups concerning cyberbullying have been referenced, including The KiVa Programme, the Shared Concern Method and The Circle of Friends Method. These have highlighted specific examples of therapeutic and nontherapeutic approaches to intervene with cyberbullying. A section on potential further training is presented for practitioners working within educational environments. Moreover, physical, psychological, sexual and relational bullying are discussed in the article when applicable, with the umbrella term “bullying” used to discuss all forms of bullying at once. The paper has uncovered two key messages: (1) cyberbullying requires more awareness in counselling and is no longer a new issue and (2) more extensive training is required to assist therapists to work with cyberbullying victims.
Dihydrophenanthrene Dimers: Why and Where It Is Possible to Isolate Their Precursors
Authors: Di Fabio Giovanni , Zarrelli Armando 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn interesting class of compounds of natural origin is dihydrophenanthrene dimers, which are characterized by a series of remarkable biological properties. Considering the hypothesis that each dimer is obtained through a biosynthetic mechanism that involves the coupling of the corresponding radicals of the single dihydrophenanthrene unit, we identified 29 dihydrophenanthrenes. Of these dihydrophenanthrenes, 11 were new compounds that could be isolated from 10 different plant species; 11 had already been identified, but not yet isolated in the 17 different plant species from which the corresponding dimers had been isolated; and 7 were known and had been isolated in the same plant sources of the corresponding dimers. A targeted analysis of several natural extracts from specific plant sources would allow the identification of known or new molecules with potential and/or specific biological activities and, in a final analysis, would confirm the relative biosynthetic mechanism.
Ileal atresia and total colonic hirschsprung disease in a 36‐week neonate: A case report
Authors: Atqiaee Khashahyar , Hiradfar Mehran , Mashhadi Mahdi Parvizi , Khanghah Ali Samady 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntestinal atresia and hirschsprung disease are two common causes of bowel obstruction in neonates; simultaneous occurrence is rare. This report delineates a 36‐week newborn with ileal atresia and total colonic hirschsprung who was referred to our unit due to failure of meconium passage during the first 48 h after birth.
Exchange Interactions and Magnetic Properties of a Molecular Mn18‐Ring Complex
Authors: Bandemehr Jascha , Atanasov Mihail , Vittal Rao Shashank , Neese Frank , Pietzonka Clemens , Ivlev Sergei I. , Kraus Florian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract[Mn3O(OAc)7(HOAc)]6 ⋅ x AcOH (x=6–9) represents a rare example of a compound containing molecular Mn18‐rings. These are formed by Mn3(μ3‐O) subunits in which the high‐spin Mn(III) centers are bridged by three pairs of acetate anions (AcO−). An AcOH molecule coordinates to one of the Mn atoms leading to [Mn3(μ3‐O)(μ2‐OAc)6(AcOH)]‐units, designated in short as Mn3‐units, that are interconnected by acetate anions via the other two Mn atoms to form Mn18‐rings. Magnetic measurements show weak ferromagnetic interactions between them that are suppressed in strong magnetic field. Quantum‐chemical calculations on Mn3 model complexes using independently DFT and ab‐initio multi reference methods (CASSCF/NEVPT2) show a correlation between the orientation of the pseudo‐Jahn‐Teller axes of pairs of Mn(III) magnetic centers and corresponding exchange coupling energies. Weak coupling between Mn3‐units within the Mn18‐ring allowed to simulate the magnetic susceptibility versus temperature dependence in terms of basically uncoupled magnetic moments of each Mn3‐unit within the ring.
A secure protocol for patient monitoring in wireless body area networks
Authors: Tyagi Pooja , Kumari Saru , Gupta Mridul Kumar , Chen Chien‐Ming , Wu Tsu‐Yang , Kumar Sachin 
Published: March 2023

SummaryRecently, an authentication scheme was presented for health‐care in IoT for WBANs by Fotouhi et al. Authors asserted their scheme to be free from a number of attacks. Here, we find that Fotouhi et al.'s scheme suffers from insider attack, fails to provide proper authentication and bears inefficient password update phase. Therefore their scheme has security pitfalls that can lead to further security breaches. We remove the weaknesses of Fotouhi et al.'s scheme and hence propose a user authentication scheme for patient care. Our scheme is suitable for providing special care to patients in the healthcare industry. The proposed scheme facilitates health professionals to access the real‐time data of patients under treatment for some diseases. It also safeguards the medical staff from catching an infection from the patients by minimizing the need to come in direct contact with the patients. We justify the security of our proposed scheme by applying the random oracle model to it. The proposed scheme is compared with some related works to judge its efficacy over the compared counterparts.
Combined Modelling of Triply Paired Electronic States of HO2+ ion with 3 Symmetry using Coupled Eigen Model
Authors: Xavier F. George D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe multi state triply paired coupled adiabatic electronic states of

,
symmetries for the title ion have been modelled using the triply paired coupled eigen valued functions with the principal aim of getting a set of well optimized triply paired coupled functions, capable of explaining all the microscopic topograhical features present in the chosen coupled electronic states. The high quality size truncated dynamically correlated points at the limit of complete basis set (CBS) were utilized for this purpose. The proposed model function are presented in an “easy to understand” linear form with respect to the pre‐defined variables which are directly dependent on the diabatic potentials and coupling strengths found in the diabatic matrix. Its most important feature (an essential criterion to be selected for modelling the triply degenerate seam pathway) is the ability to predict the existence of an uniquely defined triply degenerate iso‐energetic geometry among the chosen coupled states in addition to the prediction of the existence of many doubly degenerate iso‐energetic geometries in those states and hence can be adaptable to any general molecular system where such triply or doubly degenerate geometries are believed to occur. The title ion is one among them where many doubly iso‐energetic geometries were located but not the triply degenerate one as it is a three atomic system unlike the polyatomic case where the triply degenerate geometry will most likely to be found. To do this work, one requires the knowledge of four asymptotic diatomic curves upon atom+diatom dissociation whose correct correlated spectroscopic states are O2+
, O2
, O2+
, OH+
. The quality and the characteristics of analytical surface of the ion is discussed well in detail.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Antiplatelet Therapeutics in Rabbits
Authors: Kuszynski Dawn S. , Christian Barbara D. , Bernard Matthew P. , Lauver D. Adam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHemostasis is a multifactorial process that involves vasoconstriction of blood vessels, activation of the coagulation cascade, and platelet aggregation. Inappropriate activation of hemostatic processes can result in thrombosis and tissue ischemia. In patients at risk for thrombotic events, antiplatelet therapeutic agents inhibit platelet activation, thereby reducing the incidence of pathologic clot formation. Platelets are activated by several endogenous chemical mediators, including adenosine diphosphate, thrombin, and thromboxane. These activation pathways serve as attractive drug targets. The protocols described in this article are designed to evaluate the preclinical efficacy and safety of novel antiplatelet therapeutics in rabbits. Here, we provide two protocols for blood collection, two for determining platelet activation, and one for assessing bleeding safety. Together, these protocols can be used to characterize the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet agents for hemostasis. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Blood collection via the central ear arteryAlternative Protocol 1: Blood collection via the jugular veinBasic Protocol 2: Platelet aggregation assessment via light transmission aggregometryAlternative Protocol 2: Platelet activation assessment via flow cytometryBasic Protocol 3: Determination of tongue bleeding time