bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alignment sensitivity of molecular-frame photoelectron momentum and angular distribution of

H2+

by XUV attosecond pulses
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Gao Shan , Wang Ningyue , Zhu Fengzheng , Jiao Liguang , Liu Aihua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the molecular-frame photoelectron momentum and angular distributions (MF-PMD and MF-PAD) of

H

2

+

in the presence of XUV Attosecond Pulses. We present the alignment-sensitive effect of MF-PMDs and MF-PADs when the laser field polarization and the molecular axis are close to parallel geometry. Our results show that the MF-PADs and MF-PMDs of single-photon ionization of

H

2

+

ion vary drastically when the alignment slightly shifts from parallel geometry to a small alignment angle (e.g. 4°) between the laser polarization direction and the molecular axis at the equilibrium inter-nuclear distance of R

c
= 2 atomic units. As R

c
increases to 4 atomic units, such sensitivity is decreased. The R

c
-dependent transition cross-sections in different channels are found to be the origin of such sensitivity.
Quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty and quantum correlation in structured reservoir
Authors: Li Bingbing , Feng Li , Shi Jiadong , Wu Tao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the dynamics of quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation (EUR) and quantum correlation quantified by entropic discord and geometric discord within the Markovian reservoir and non-Markovian reservoir. Particularly, when the initial state is a pure sate or mixed state the EUR gradually increases during the evolution at first, but subsequently tends to stable in the long-time limit. On other hand, for the separable state the EUR almost keeps constant. In contrast, quantum discord decay asymptotically to zero for all types of initial states. As an application, we prove that both two quantum discords witnessed by the EUR are determined by the version of discord chosen, which regardless of the reservoir.
The scalings of the thermal energy confinement time in EAST H-mode plasmas
Authors: Jia T.Q. , Qian J.P. , Chen D.L. , Moreau D. , Shen B. , Zhang B. , Gong X.Z. , Huang J. , Zhang J.Y. , Yang X.D. , Liang R.R. , Hu Y.C. , Chen L.X. , He Y.F. , Tao Y. , Wang Z.H. , Zeng L. , Sun Y.W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper describes scalings of the H-mode confinement database of neutral beam injection (NBI)-lower hybrid wave (LHW) and electron cyclotron resonant heating-LHW plasmas in the EAST tokamak. Fundamental information of the EAST H-mode database and the details of calculation of the thermal energy confinement time in EAST are presented. The result of the scaling model

τ

E,EASTS,H,NBI - LHW

of the thermal energy confinement time in NBI-LHW plasmas with root-mean-square-error

RMSE

=
5.5
%

, compared with the multi-machine scaling model

τ

th,98

y

2

derived from the multi-machine database (mainly NBI heating) with

RMSE

=
12.9
%

, is obtained. The scaling

τ

E,EAST,H,NBI - LHW

presents a similar dependency on plasma current and power loss and a lower dependency on plasma density and elongation, but stronger dependency on toroidal field than in

τ

th,98

y

2

. The scaling

τ

E,EAST,H,ECRH - LHW

demonstrates a similar dependency on plasma current and power loss and lower dependency on plasma density, but a negative dependency with large error bars on elongation compared with

τ

E,EAST,H,NBI - LHW

in NBI-LHW plasmas. The comparison of EAST models with the more recent multi-tokamak scaling ITPA20-IL shows a similar engineering dependency on plasma current, power loss and plasma density, but opposite dependency on toroidal field.
Tribological, mechanical and thermal response of diamond micro-particles reinforced copper matrix composites fabricated by powder metallurgy
Authors: Poulose Nixon , Selvakumar P , Philip Jibin T , George Jees 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Copper/Diamond composites have gained a lot of attention in recent years due to their excellent thermal conductivity and their potential for use in high-power electronic devices. The current work targets on an experimental investigation of the tribological,mechanical, and thermal behaviour of copper diamond composite by using reinforced micro-diamond particles. Copper matrix composites with varying weight percentages of diamond particles were produced with the aid of the powder metallurgy. The wear tests were carried out on Pin-on-Disc wear test machine as per ASTM G99. The doping of an optimum amount of diamond particles (1% wt.) improved the overall wear performance by 51% under a normal load of 80 N. The doping had also showed a significant improvement in hardness by 26% and thermal conductivity by 1%. The primary wear mechanisms of Cu-Diamond composites appear to be a combination of brittle fracture, fragmentation of diamond-reinforced particles and ploughing in the Cu-alloy matrix.
Deformation behavior of a new Ni-Co base superalloy GH4251 during hot compression
Authors: Yu Hongyao , Wang Jue , Qin Hailong , Huang Canjin , Cheng Tijuan , Wang Chen , Bi Zhongnan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The deformation behavior of a new Ni-Co base superalloy GH4251 under hot compression tests within the deformation strain window of 0.36 to 1.2 was investigated in the temperature range of 1050 ∼ 1170 °C and strain rate range of 0.001 ∼ 1 s−1. Based on the analysis of true stress-strain curves, constitutive equations were established to describe the rheological behavior during hot compression. Microstructure evolution was investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical metallography (OM). The results show that flow behavior of GH4251 alloy is combinedly determined by the effect of work hardening and dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The deformation activation energies at strain of 0.36 to 1.2 are calculated to be 311 ∼ 536 kJ mol−1 in the super-solvus temperature region, and 796 ∼ 1064 kJ mol−1 in the sub-solvus temperature region. The recrystallization nucleation mechanism of GH4251 alloy is strain induced grain boundary migration (SIBGM). The occurrence and expansion of recrystallization are strongly promoted by high deformation temperatures and high strain rates, while the DRX grain size increases with elevated deformation temperature. When the deformation temperature is below 1090°C, the recrystallized grain can be extremely small (<17μm), which is rather independent on strain and strain rate. However, above 1110 °C the grain size at strain rate of 0.001s−1 is significantly larger than that of higher strain rates. The difference can be ascribed to the presence of γ′ phase, with which the development of dynamic recrystallization is postponed, while the growth of recrystallized grains is inhibited as well.
X-ray energy spectrum estimation based on a virtual computed tomography system
Authors: Higuchi Takayuki , Haga Akihiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a method for estimating the x-ray energy spectrum for computed tomography (CT) in the diagnostic energy range from the reconstructed CT image itself. To this end, a virtual CT system was developed, and datasets, including CT images for the Gammex phantom labeled by the corresponding energy spectra, were generated. Using these datasets, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was trained to reproduce the energy spectrum from the CT values in the Gammex inserts. In the actual application, an aluminum-based bow-tie filter was used in the virtual CT system, and an ANN model with a bow-tie filter was also developed. Both ANN models without/with a bow-tie filter can estimate the x-ray spectrum within the agreement, which is defined as one minus the absolute error, of more than 80% on average. The agreement increases as the tube voltage increases. The estimation was occasionally inaccurate when the amount of noise on the CT image was considerable. Image quality with a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 10 for the basis material of the Gammex phantom was required to predict the spectrum accurately. Based on the experimental data acquired from Activion16 (Canon Medical System, Japan), the ANN model with a bow-tie filter produced a reasonable energy spectrum by simultaneous optimization of the shape of the bow-tie filter. The present method requires a CT image for the Gammex phantom only, and no special setup, thus it is expected to be readily applied in clinical applications, such as beam hardening reduction, CT dose management, and material decomposition, all of which require exact information on the x-ray energy spectrum.
A synthesis and review of exacerbated inequities from the February 2021 winter storm (Uri) in Texas and the risks moving forward
Authors: Castellanos Sergio , Potts Jerry , Tiedmann Helena , Alverson Sarah , Glazer Yael R , Robison Andrew , Russo Suzanne , Harmon Dana , Ken-Opurum Bobuchi , Weisz Margo , Acuna Frances , Stephens Keri K , Faust Kasey , Webber Michael E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A severe winter storm in February 2021 impacted multiple infrastructure systems in Texas, leaving over 13 million people without electricity and/or water, potentially $100 billion in economic damages, and almost 250 lives lost. While the entire state was impacted by temperatures up to 10 °C colder than expected for this time of year, as well as levels of snow and ice accumulation not observed in decades, the responses and outcomes from communities were inconsistent and exacerbated prevailing social and infrastructure inequities that are still impacting those communities. In this contribution, we synthesize a subset of multiple documented inequities stemming from the interdependence of the water, housing, transportation, and communication sectors with the energy sector, and present a summary of actions to address the interdependency of infrastructure system inequities.
Prospects and problems in the development of biochar-filled plastic composites: a review
Authors: Adeniyi Adewale George , Iwuozor Kingsley O , Emenike Ebuka Chizitere , Amoloye Mubarak A , Aransiola Emmanuel S , Motolani Fawaz O , Kayode Sodiq H 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study is a review of published literature that discusses the utilization of biochar (BC) and plastics as filler and matrix, respectively, in a composite material. These composites, referred to as Biochar-filled plastic composites (BFPCs), play a significant role in the production of environmentally friendly materials. This paper provides an overview of BFPCs, their properties (mechanical, rheological, morphological, electrical, and thermal properties), fabrication techniques, and prospects and challenges associated with their development. Even though there have been previous studies on BFPCs, none of these studies have discussed the drawbacks and potential associated with the development of BFPCs. BCs’ small weight makes them a more appealing option than traditional mineral fillers when it comes to reducing vehicle weight. Due to their superior mechanical and thermal qualities, as well as their low carbon footprint, BC-filled plastic composites (BFPCs) play a significant role in the production of environmentally friendly materials. It was observed that either melt extrusion or injection molding are usually used to fabricate BFPC. It was observed that the properties of BFPCs are influenced by several factors such as the type and concentration of plastic, method of fabrication, the BC content, mixing uniformity of the mixture, wetting, and particle dispersion. Challenges of BFPCs were also discussed, such as the issue of particle agglomeration and poor interfacial bonding at high BC concentrations in the composite. Composites made from recycled polymers or biodegradable polymers can be developed to improve the composites’ overall sustainability.
Immoralism is Obviously True: Towards Progress on the Ethical Question
Authors: Stear Nils-Hennes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Ethical Question asks whether ethical values in artworks determine their aesthetic value and, if so, how. I argue that the question is ambiguous between a direct and an indirect reading. I show how the indirect reading is philosophically uninteresting because it has an obvious answer: a view called ‘immoralism’. I also show how most of the significant figures in the relevant literature address the indirect form of the question anyway—needlessly, if I am right. Finally, I consider whether some version of the indirect question is more philosophically interesting, connecting it to the so-called ‘qua problem’. I attempt to give clarity to the discussion by applying work on the virtues and vices of explanations.
Development and validation of a minimally invasive and image-guided tape stripping method to sample atopic skin in children
Authors: Yélamos O , Andersen D , Pont M , Iglesias P , Potrony M , Domínguez M , Herrero A , Alejo B , Mateu J , Røpke M , Danneskiold-Samsøe N B , Malvehy J , Guy R H , Brix S , Puig S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Molecular skin profiling techniques, typically performed on skin samples taken by punch biopsy, have enhanced the understanding of the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD), thereby enabling the development of novel targeted therapeutics. However, punch biopsies are not always feasible or desirable, and novel minimally invasive methods such as skin tape stripping have been developed.

Aim
To develop, optimize and validate a novel tape stripping method guided by noninvasive in vivo skin imaging to sample atopic skin in children.

Methods
Skin tape stripping-based procedures were compared and optimized using data from 30 healthy controls (HCs: 5 adults, 25 children) and 39 atopic children. Evaluations were guided by high-resolution photography, reflectance confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography and transepidermal water loss measurements. We assessed and compared adverse events (AEs), the time needed to perform the sampling and the cDNA levels obtained from the tapes.

Results
Tape stripping methods based on previously described protocols resulted in erosions in all participants and required a median time of 65 min to perform (range 60–70 min), but provided good cDNA yield. Shorter durations appeared less invasive but provided lower cDNA yield. The final optimized tape stripping protocol, using 11 tapes of 22 mm in diameter, each applied twice for 5 s with 90° rotation, did not produce significant AEs, was completed within a median time of 7 min (range 5–15 min) and provided good cDNA yield both in HCs and atopic children.

Conclusion
Our minimally invasive method is safe and reliable, and provides reproducible acquisition of cDNA in atopic children. In addition, it enables rapid sample collection, a crucial factor in clinical practice.
CTLA4,SH2B3, andCLEC16Adiversely affect the progression of early islet autoimmunity in relatives of Type 1 diabetes patients
Authors: Vandewalle Julie , Desouter Aster K , Van der Auwera Bart J , Tenoutasse Sylvie , Gillard Pieter , De Block Christophe , Keymeulen Bart , Gorus Frans K , Van de Casteele Mark ,   the Belgian Diabetes Registry
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe HLA region is the major genetic risk determinant of Type 1 diabetes. How non-HLA loci contribute to the genetic risk is incompletely understood, but there are indications that at least some impact progression of asymptomatic autoimmunity. We examined whether SNPs in 7 susceptibility loci (INS, SH2B3, PTPN2, PTPN22, CTLA4, CLEC16A, and IL2RA) could improve prediction of the progression from single to multiple autoantibody positivity, and from there on to diagnosis. SNPs were genotyped in persistently autoantibody positive relatives by allelic discrimination qPCR and disease progression was studied by multivariate Cox regression analysis. In our cohort, only the CTLA4 GA genotype (rs3087243, P = 0.002) and the CLEC16A AA genotype (rs12708716, P = 0.021) were associated with accelerated progression from single to multiple autoantibody positivity, but their effects were restricted to presence of HLA-DQ2/DQ8, and IAA as first autoantibody, respectively. The interaction of CTLA4 and HLA-DQ2/DQ8 overruled the effect of DQ2/DQ8 alone. The HLA-DQ2/DQ8-mediated risk of progression to multiple autoantibodies nearly entirely depended on heterozygosity for CTLA4. The SH2B3 TT genotype (rs3184504) was protective for HLA-DQ8 positive subjects (P = 0.003). At the stage of multiple autoantibodies, only the CTLA4 GA genotype was a minor independent risk factor for progression towards clinical diabetes (P = 0.034). Our study shows that non-HLA polymorphisms impact progression of islet autoimmunity in a subgroup-, stage- and SNP-specific way, suggesting distinct mechanisms. If confirmed, these findings may help refine risk assessment, follow-up, and prevention trials in risk groups.
A Novel HPLC Method for Quality Inspection of NRK Biosynthesized β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
Authors: Zhou Haoxuan , Liu Ai , Hu Mingxing , Zheng Xinyue , Kuang Weihong , Xie Yongmei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has a good effect on delaying aging, repairing DNA and ameliorating metabolic disease. Biosynthesis with nicotinamide riboside kinase (NRK) takes a large part in NMN manufacture, but there is no available NMN quality standard and analytical method at present. In this study, we developed a specific high-performance liquid chromatography method for the assessment of NMN-related substances, including NMN and its potential impurities from NRK biological production and storage. Forced degradation study was performed under acid, base, oxidative, photolytic and thermal conditions. The separation of related substances was achieved on an Elite Hypersil ODS column using phosphate buffer–methanol gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was maintained at 260 nm. The resolutions among all related substances were better than 1.5. Significant degradation was observed in basic and thermal conditions. All related substances showed good linearity with a coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.999. The accuracy values of all related substances were between 91.2% and 108.6%. Therefore, the validated analytical method is appropriate for inspecting the quality of NMN in its NRK biosynthetic manufacture and storage, thus further helping to unify NMN quality standards and facilitate related studies on NMN.
Magnetic sphincter augmentation for gastroesophageal reflux in overweight and obese patients
Authors: Vivek Anjali , Latorre-Rodríguez Andrés R , Mittal Sumeet K 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is a successful treatment option for chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, there is a paucity of data on the efficacy of MSA in obese and morbidly obese patients. To assess the relationship between obesity and outcomes after MSA, we conducted a literature search using MeSH and free-text terms in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and Google Scholar. The included articles reported conflicting results regarding the effect of obesity on outcomes after MSA. Prospective observational studies with larger sample sizes and less statistical bias are necessary to understand the effectiveness of MSA in overweight and obese patients.
Effect of food safety recalls on consumer meat purchase: evidence from meat recalls 2007–2017
Authors: Yim Hyejin , Katare Bhagyashree 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Food safety is a global public health concern, and food recalls cause several foodborne illnesses and significant costs to human health. We estimate the impact of meat recalls on consumer meat purchase in the USA using household-level scanner data. Meat recalls have a statistically significant but short-lived and small reduction in consumer meat purchase, suggesting an economically small impact on the intensive (how much to decrease) and extensive (whether to purchase) margins. There is heterogeneity in consumer recall response across household demographic and recall characteristics. The results provide an insight into domestic and international policymakers and industry stakeholders about food safety.
Determining Support for Humanitarian Interventions: Prospect Theory versus Cues
Authors: Mitkov Zlatin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo what extent can prospect theory’s framing effects and elite and social group cues moderate public support for humanitarian interventions? This study extends the research on public support for humanitarian interventions by capturing the interaction between prospect theory’s framing effects and elite and social group cues on individuals’ willingness to support risky foreign policies. The study incorporates four novel prospect theory decision problems while framing the expected costs as nonequivalent intervals across interventions and US–China trade war scenarios. The results provide evidence that prospect theory framing effects outperform the elite and social group cues in their ability to induce preference shifts among respondents’ willingness to support risk-acceptant or risk-averse humanitarian intervention plans. It also suggests that humanitarian interventions, with US troops on the ground, in a region noncentral for America's national security, retain substantial levels of support among Americans despite their country's changing role in international security.
Taiwan and the WHO: negotiating the deconstruction of racialized discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Li Yao-Tai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Racialized and politicized discourses on individuals and countries have accompanied the emergence and spread of COVID-19. Adopting critical discourse analysis (CDA) and investigating the WHO's news releases, press conferences and the Taiwanese government's formal responses, this article examines three discursive events involving the deconstruction of racialized discourses during the pandemic by the WHO, the WHO's Director-General and Taiwan. Specifically, I focus on the following: the WHO's calls on the international community to cease using the term ‘China virus’; Dr Ghebreyesus' calls on Taiwan to cease leveling racist insults against the Black community; and the Taiwanese government's refutation of racist allegations by deconstructing racialized meanings and highlighting its marginal status in the global health system due to international politics. The findings demonstrate the different ways each subject framed moral and immoral practice, highlighted or downplayed racialized discourse, and applied moral vs immoral distinction to manipulate and reinforce the audience's thoughts. This article contributes to the field of international relations and its connection with racism by showing how racial injustices ‘travel’ between places and are negotiated and re-politicized in the global health sphere.