bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemispheric asymmetry and gender dimorphism of the fetal central sulcus on 7.0-T MRI
Authors: Dun Aishe , Liu Shuai , Zhang Zhonghe , Zhang Mei , Ji Long , Zhang Haidong , Liu Shuwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The hemispheric asymmetry and gender dimorphism of the central sulcus (CS) have been studied since the 19th century. Although there is a clear understanding that hemispheric asymmetry and gender dimorphism exist in adults, the time when the differences begin to occur remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether hemispheric asymmetry and gender dimorphism in the CS of the fetal brain at 13–22 gestational weeks exist, this is of great significance for studies on the early development of CS.
Methods
We used 7.0-T MRI to measure the maximum depth and length of the CS in 58 Chinese fetal specimens from 13 to 22 gestational weeks. The MRI was imported into Amira4.1 to reconstruct three-dimensional brain models, on which the measurements were performed. Then the lateral and gender differences in the CS of the fetal brain at 13–22 gestational weeks were analyzed.
Results
There were significant gender differences in the length of the CS at 13, 14, 16 (P < 0.01), and 18 gestational weeks (P < 0.05), as well as in the depth of the CS at 18 and 19 gestational weeks (P < 0.01). The lengths of the CS at 15 and 19 gestational weeks, and the maximum depth of the CS at 15 gestational weeks showed lateral differences (both P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our findings revealed no stable hemispheric asymmetries or gender dimorphisms of the CS between 13 and 22 gestational weeks.
Personalised Exercise Rehabilitation in Cancer Survivorship: The PERCS Triage and Referral System Study Protocol
Authors: Brennan Louise , Sheill Grainne , Collier Sonya , Browne Peter , Donohoe Claire L. , O’Neill Linda , Hussey Juliette , Guinan Emer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
To effectively embed exercise rehabilitation in cancer survivorship care, a co-ordinated system of acute and community exercise rehabilitation services, forming a stepped model of care, is recommended. Patients can be directed to the exercise rehabilitation service which best meets their needs through a system of assessment, triage and referral. Triage and referral systems are not yet widely applied in cancer survivorship practice and need to be evaluated in real-world contexts. The PERCS (Personalised Exercise Rehabilitation in Cancer Survivorship) study aims to evaluate the real-world application of an exercise rehabilitation triage and referral system in cancer survivors treated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary aims are to evaluate change in physical and psychosocial outcomes, and to qualitatively evaluate the impact of the system and patient experiences, at three months after application of the triage and referral system.
Methods:
This study will assess the implementation of an exercise rehabilitation triage and referral system within the context of a physiotherapy-led cancer rehabilitation clinic for cancer survivors who received cancer treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The PERCS triage and referral system supports decision making in exercise rehabilitation referral by recommending one of three pathways: independent physical activity; fitness professional referral; or health professional referral. Up to 100 adult cancer survivors treated during the COVID-19 pandemic who have completed treatment and have no signs of active disease will be recruited. We will assess participants’ physical and psychosocial wellbeing and evaluate whether medical clearance for exercise is needed. Participants will then be triaged to a referral pathway and an exercise recommendation will be collaboratively decided. Reassessment will be after 12 weeks. Primary outcomes are implementation-related, guided by the RE-AIM framework. Secondary outcomes include physical function, psychosocial wellbeing and physical activity levels. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) will provide insights on implementation and system impact.
Discussion: The PERCS study will investigate the real-world application of a cancer rehabilitation triage and referral system. This will provide proof of concept evidence for this triage approach and important insights on the implementation of a triage system in a specialist cancer centre.
Trial Registration: This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number: NCT05615285, date registered: 14/11/2022.
A physiotherapy group exercise and self-management approach to improve physical activity in people with mild-moderate Parkinson’s disease: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Brauer Sandra G , Lamont Robyn M , O'Sullivan John D 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Physical activity levels are low in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and have proved difficult to increase with exercise programs alone. Intervention approaches that address both the capacity to engage in physical activity and self-management strategies to change and maintain exercise behaviours are needed to address this intractable issue.
Methods: This will be an assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial performed in Brisbane, Australia. Ninety-two people with mild-moderate PD will be randomly allocated to two groups: usual care, and a physiotherapy-led group exercise program combined with self-management strategies. In the intervention group, twelve, 80-minute sessions will be conducted over four weeks in groups of up to 4 participants. The intervention will consist of circuit training including treadmill walking to target aerobic fitness, and activities targeting strength, balance, and gait performance. In addition, each session will also incorporate strategies focusing on self-management and behavior change, augmented by the provision of a fitness activity tracker. Outcome measures will be collected at baseline (T1), immediately post intervention (T2) and at 6 months follow up (T3). The primary outcome measure is free-living physical activity (average step count over 7 days) at pre (T1) and post (T2) intervention measured using an activPALTM device. Secondary outcome measures captured at all time points include: time spent walking, sedentary and in moderate intensity exercise over 7 days; spatiotemporal gait performance (step length, gait speed, endurance); health-related quality of life; and outcome expectations and self-efficacy for exercise.
Discussion: Sustainability of gains in physical activity following exercise interventions is a challenge for most populations. Our incorporation of a chronic disease self-management approach into the exercise program including fitness tracking extends previous trials and has potential to significantly improve free-living physical activity in people with PD.
Trial Registration: This study has been prospectively registered in Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12617001057370), registered on 19/07/2017. Available from www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12617001057370.aspx.
Decomposition of Buried Rabbits and Pattern and Succession of Insect Arrival on Buried Carcasses.
Authors: almekhlafi fahd , Al-Zahrani Osama , Al-Qahtni Abdulmani H. , Al-Khalifa Mohammed S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Forensic entomology is the field of research that applies the biology of insects to criminal investigations. This study, which used rabbits as experimental models, was carried out in Al-Riaydh, Saudi Arabia, to gather data on forensically important insects and their succession and decomposition on decaying buried carcasses at two depths during two periods: the first period lasted from January 28-May 30, 2021 (winter-spring), and the second period was from September 5, 2021, to January 4, 2022 (summer-onset winter). Decomposition was seen in three stages during the first period (bloated, decay, and drying) and two stages during the second period (decay and drying). Temperature, humidity, and depth of burial influenced the stages of carcass decomposition and abundance of insects. Eleven species from the Diptera order, encompassing five families (Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, Phoridae, and Ulidiidae), were identified. Additionally, four species from the Coleoptera order were recorded, representing four families (Dermestidae, Tenebrionidae, Histeridae, and Nitidulidae). During the first period of the study, all species were identified at a depth of 20 cm, while, at a depth of 40 cm, nine types of them were detected. In the second period, only one species of beetle was observed at 20 cm, whereas there were only four fly species present. Furthermore, at a depth of 40 cm, only one species of fly was discovered throughout the entire period. These species can be used as forensic indicators to estimate the PMI. These results indicate that these insects are significant in carcass decay and therefore forensically important.
The Association Between Creatine kinase-MB Levels and Gestational Duration: A Retrospective Investigation in Patients afflicted with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension owing to congenital heart disease
Authors: Zhao Kaixun , Yang Ziyang , Zhou Yin , Xie Nanshan , Lai Disheng , Zhang Caojin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) presents a complex cardiopulmonary dysfunction that exerts diverse effects on physiological processes, including pregnancy outcomes. This research seeks to explore the correlation between creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and the gestational duration in patients afflicted with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of patients with pregnancy complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension. Thorough review of the patients' medical records and laboratory data were collected. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were employed to scrutinize the relationship between CK-MB and gestational duration. Adjustments were made for various confounding factors, and cut-off points were determined through curve fitting and threshold effect analysis.
RESULTS: In individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to congenital heart disease, maternal serum CK-MB levels exhibited a significant association with gestational duration. The regression coefficient was -1.69, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from -2.86 to -0.52, indicating a statistically significant finding (P < 0.01). Moreover, the curve displayed a tangential point at 22.8 U/L. Further stratified analyses reveal significant correlations between maternal serum CK-MB levels and gestational length within specific subgroups (patients with a pulmonary arterial diameter exceeding 25 mm, patients aged higher than 30 years, and multiparous patients).
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that heightened CK-MB levels are linked to shorter pregnancy duration in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension owing to congenital heart disease, particularly those with a pulmonary arterial diameter exceeding 25 mm, multiparous individuals, or those aged below 30 years.
Synthesis and computational assessment of a new thermally stable 6,6'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(4,5,7-trinitrobenzofuroxan) (DADBTNBF) energetic compound with high performance
Authors: Mousavi Sajjad , Keshavarz Mohammad H. , Moeini Safoura 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A new organic energetic compound 6,6'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(4,5,7-trinitrobenzofuroxan) (DADBTNBF) is introduced where its computational assessments show that it is a thermally stable explosive with high detonation performance. Herein, the DADBTNBF explosive with high yield and purity is synthesized in 2 steps. The synthesis mechanisms of these steps were investigated. The products of these steps are identified using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and elemental analysis. The high purity of DADBTNBF was confirmed by the results of 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and elemental analysis. The characterization of the DADBTNBF explosive was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. Then, significant properties of DADBTNBF including heat of detonation, detonation pressure and velocity, adiabatic exponent, Gurney velocity of explosives, specific impulse, and impact sensitivity were calculated by reliable predictive methods. The predicted results show that introducing the furoxan group in DADBTNBF can provide higher density, detonation, and combustion performance in comparison to hexanitrostilbene (HNS) as a heat-resistant high explosive. The predicted detonation velocity, detonation pressure, heat of detonation, and specific impulse of DADBTNBF are 8.8 km.s-1, 375 kbar, 5.64 kJ.g-1 and 2.46 N.s.g-1, respectively, which are greater than those estimated for HNS, i.e. 7.6 km.s-1, 244 kbar, 3.12 kJ.g-1 and 2.24 N.s.g-1, respectively. Thus, DADBTNBF may give better detonation and combustion performance than that of the HNS. Moreover, the thermal stability and impact sensitivity of DADBTNBF are predicted to be slightly lower than HNS. Thus, it is expected to use DADBTNBF instead of HNS for application in military ordnance, aeronautic and astronautic areas, and puncturing deep petroleum wells.
Isolation of Biologically Active Extracellular Vesicles-Associated AAVs for Gene Delivery to the Brain by Size Exclusion Chromatography
Authors: de Almeida Luis Pereira , Henriques Carina , Lopes Miguel , Albuquerque Patrícia , Ramos David Rufino , Gaspar Laetitia , Lobo Diana , Leandro Kevin , Silva Ana , Baganha Rafael , Duarte Sónia , Maguire Casey , Santana Magda , Nobre Rui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles-associated adeno-associated viral vectors (EV-AAVs) emerged as a new opportunity for non-invasive gene therapy targeting the central nervous system (CNS). However, in previous reports, only AAV serotypes with known ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have been used for EV-AAV production and testing through non-invasive strategies. In this work, we aimed at optimizing a size exclusion chromatography (SEC) protocol for the production and isolation of natural and biologically active brain-targeting EV-AAVs, that could be applied to any AAV serotype and further used for non-invasive gene delivery to the CNS. We performed a comparison between SEC and differential ultracentrifugation (UC) isolation protocols in terms of yield, contaminants, and transgene expression efficiency. We found that SEC allows a higher recovery of EV-AAVs, free of cell contaminating proteins and with less solo AAVs than UC. Remarkably, SEC-purified EV-AAVs also showed to be more potent at transgene expression than solo AAVs in neuronal cell lines. Brain-targeting EV-AAVs exhibited the ability to reach be brain upon intravenous administration. In conclusion, SEC-purified brain-targeting EV-AAVs show to be a promising gene delivery vector for therapy of brain disorders.
Continuous warming drives the colonization dynamics of periphytic protozoan fauna in marine environments
Authors: Song Suihan , Sun Zhiyi , Xu Guangjian , Xu Henglong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In order to evaluate the influence of global warming on the ecosystem process in marine environments, the changes in colonization dynamics of periphytic microbiota were studied using the periphytic protozoan communities as the test organism fauna under a continuous warming gradient of 22 (control), 25, 28, 31 and 34 ℃. The results demonstrated that: (1) the test protozoan assemblages generally showed a similar temporal pattern in within the colonization process under the water temperature from 22 ℃ going up to 28 ℃; however, (2) the colonization dynamics were significantly changed, and the fitness of colonization curves to the Macarthur-Wilson model equation was failed under the temperature increased by 6 ℃, and (3) the loading or assimilative capacity of the test aquatic ecosystem was decreased with increase of water temperature. Therefore, it suggests that continuous warming may significantly drive the colonization dynamics of periphytic protozoa in marine ecosystems.
A Fortuitous Diagnosis of Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma Uncovered by Incidental Brain Metastases: a case report
Authors: Tan Na , Duan Xirui , Luo Dan , Zhu Yu , Chu Jixiang , Zhou Xinyan , Dai Hailong , Liao Chengde 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a rare malignant tumor of the great vessels and is also a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension. It is often misdiagnosed due to its atypical clinical presentation. To date,no case has beendetected due to the presence of brain metastases in the literature.
Case presentation: Here, we report a case of a young patient with occult development of pulmonary artery sarcoma presenting with multiple systemic metastases. This 33-year-old male patient was referred to our hospital because of syncope and vomiting. The possibility of pulmonary artery sarcoma was suspected after a PET-CT examination, but the lesion could not be surgically removed.
Conclusions: This case report presents a rare occurrence of pulmonary artery sarcoma concomitant with brain metastases, emphasizing the significance of timely and accurate differential diagnosis to distinguish it from pulmonary embolism. Comprehensively assessing the imaging characteristics of pulmonary artery sarcomas plays a crucial role in facilitating early differential diagnosis, thereby contributing to prolonged patient survival through surgical resection.
Is it feasible to nest a Trial within a Cohort Study (TwiCS) to evaluate an early years parenting programme? A Born in Bradford’s Better Start study protocol
Authors: Mooney Kate , Welch Charlie , Crossley Kirsty , Bywater Tracey , Wright John , Dickerson Josie , Blower Sarah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background

Evaluating the effectiveness of early years parenting interventions provides evidence to improve the development and wellbeing of children. This protocol paper describes a study to explore the feasibility of evaluating the Incredible Years Toddler early life intervention programme, which is offered to parents of 1–3-year-olds via the Better Start Bradford programme.
The study aims to use a Trial Within a Cohort Study (TwiCS) design that randomly selects individuals participating in a cohort to be offered an intervention. The TwiCS information and consent process is person-centred and aims to replicate real world practice whereby only those who are offered the intervention are given information about the intervention.
The cohort is the Born in Bradford’s Better Start (BiBBS) cohort, an interventional birth cohort recruiting expectant parents in three areas of Bradford, UK. The study will assess the feasibility of TwiCS procedures, staged consent, and intervention take-up.

Methods

We will conduct a feasibility TwiCS to test study procedures. We aim to establish: (1) whether TWiCS methodology can be implemented to create control and intervention arms, while documenting any incidences of contamination within the cohort; (2) whether satisfactory rates of intervention uptake are achieved among participants allocated to the intervention; and (3) whether satisfactory rates of retention of participants in the intervention can be achieved. A RAG rating system has been applied to support the feasibility assessment of each objective: to be rated red (not achieved), amber (partly achieved) and green (achieved).
Eligible participants in the BiBBS cohort will be individually randomised 1:1 to the intervention or control arms, with stratification by child age (1 or 2-years-old at the time of randomisation) and ethnicity (White British, South Asian, or other). BiBBS researchers will seek consent from participants randomised to the intervention to pass their contact details onto Incredible Years’ delivery agents.

Discussion

This feasibility study will inform the utility of the TwiCs approach within an experimental birth cohort to evaluate interventions for infants, toddlers, and their families.

Trial registration

The study was prospectively registered on ISRCTN (ISRCTN16150114).
Prognostic nomograms for breast cancer with lung metastasis: a SEER-based population study
Authors: Xie YuDe , Lei Chiseng , Ma Yuhua , Li Yuan , Yang Mei , Zhang Yan , Law Kin Nam , Wang Ningxia , Qu Shaohua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Lung metastasis is a significant adverse predictor of prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Accurate estimates for the prognosis of patients with lung metastasis and population-based validation for the models are lacking. In the present study, we aimed to establish nomograms to identify prognostic factors with lung metastases and evaluate individualized survival in patients with lung metastasis based on SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) database.
Methods: We selected 1197 patients diagnosed with breast cancer with lung metastasis (BCLM) from the SEER database and randomly assigned them to the testing group (n=837) and the testing group (n=360). Based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, we evaluate the effects of multiple variables on survival and prognosis in the training group and constructed a nomogram to predict the 1-, 2-, 3-year survival probability of patients. The nomogram is verified internally and externally by Concordance index (C-index), Net Reclassification (NRI), Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), and calibration plots.
Results: According to the results of multi-factor COX regression analysis, age, histopathology, grade, marital status, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, HER2, ER, PR, surgery, neoadjuvant therapy, and chemotherapy are considered independent prognostic factors for patients with BCLM. The C-index in the training group is 0.719 and the test group is 0.695, respectively. The AUC values of the 1-, 2-, 3-years prognostic nomograms in the training group were 0.798, 0.79 and 0.793, and the corresponding AUC values in testing group were 0.765, 0.761 and 0.762. The calculation results of IDI and NRI are shown, the nomogram significantly improved the risk reclassification for 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall mortality prediction compared with the AJCC 7th staging system. According to the calibration plot, nomogram shows good consistency between predicted and actual OS values for the patients with BCLM. DCA showed that nomogram had better net benefits at different threshold probabilities at different time points compared with the AJCC 7th staging system.
Conclusions: Nomograms that predicted 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS for patients with BCLM were successfully constructed and validated to help physicians in evaluating the high risk of mortality in breast cancer patients.