bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnesium‐Ion Battery Anode from Polymer‐Derived SiOC Nanobeads
Authors: Guo Wuqi , Icin Oyku , Vakifahmetoglu Cekdar , Kober Delf , Gurlo Aleksander , Bekheet Maged F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTin‐containing silicon oxycarbide (SiOC/Sn) nanobeads are synthesized with different carbon/tin content and tested as electrodes for magnesium‐ion batteries. The synthesized ceramics are characterized by thermogravimetric‐mass spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, N2 sorption analysis, scanning electron microscope, energy‐dispersive X‐ray, and elemental analysis. Galvanostatic cycling tests, rate performance tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests, and ex situ XRD measurements are conducted. Results of battery performance tests present a high capacity of 198.2 mAh g−1 after the first discharging and a reversible capacity of 144.5 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 500 mA g−1. Excellent rate performance efficiency of 85.2% is achieved. Battery performances in this research are influenced by surface area, and tin contentof the SiOC/Sn nanobeads. EIS, CV tests, and ex situ XRD measurements reveal that higher surface area contributes to higher capacity by providing more accessible Mg2+ ion storage sites and higher rate capability by improving the diffusion process. Higher Sn content increases battery capacity through reversible Mg‐Mg2Sn‐Mg alloying/dealloying process and improves the rate performances by increasing electrical conductivity. Besides, SiOC advances cycling stability by preventing electrode collapse and enhances the capacity due to higher surface capacitive effects.
Advanced Carbons Nanofibers‐Based Electrodes for Flexible Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Sun Chang , Han Zhiyuan , Wang Xia , Liu Bing , Li Qiang , Li Hongsen , Xu Jie , Cao Jun‐Ming , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rapid developments of the Internet of Things (IoT) and portable electronic devices have created a growing demand for flexible electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. Nevertheless, these flexible devices suffer from poor flexibility, low energy density, and poor dynamic stability of power output during deformation, limiting their practical applications. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with high conductivity, good flexibility, and large‐scale preparation are regarded as promising electrodes for flexible EES devices. Based on the issues of current flexible EES devices, this review presents various strategies from the design of CNFs‐based electrodes to the fabrication of devices and overviews their applications in various flexible metal ion/air batteries (Li/Na/K‐ion batteries, Li‐S batteries, metal–air batteries, and other novel secondary batteries) and supercapacitors. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives on the CNFs‐based flexible EES devices are proposed to provide guidance for the researchers concentrating on high‐performance flexible EES devices.
Biomimetic Seawater Evaporator Based on Organic 3D Light Capture and Suspension‐Protection Mechanism for In Situ Marine Cultivation
Authors: Zhu Jingshuai , Wang Yuqi , Qiu Xiaopan , Kong Haoran , Li Yuting , Yan Jin , Zheng Jiaxin , Chen Shiguo , Wang Yu , Wang Yuanfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEfficient and durable seawater evaporation technologies are vital for expanding access to freshwater and developing novel irrigation systems. Here, a photothermal material termed as Y7, characterized by its fused‐ring, small‐molecule structure, and strong electron‐withdrawing end groups, is combined with an economical wood sponge. This combination is used to create a 3D solar desalination evaporator and to design a self‐circulating evaporative irrigation system. Mirroring the 3D light‐capture porous structure and underwater suspension of diatoms, this hydrophilic evaporator demonstrates efficient light absorption in the range of 300–1100 nm and excellent resistance to salt and photobleaching. With a mass of only 3 mg/3.14 cm2, the Y7‐evaporator realizes a solar‐energy‐to‐vapor conversion efficiency (η) of 91.7% and solar water evaporation rate (ṁ) of 1.62 kg m−2 h−1, marking a new record for purely organic evaporators. After the desalination process, the concentration of primary ions is reduced by five to six orders of magnitude. Based on these findings, an in situ self‐irrigation system is developed using seawater, which efficiently cultivates several plant species. The results present a novel seawater evaporation strategy rooted in enhanced photothermal effects and durability, suggesting potential applications in future self‐sustaining marine cultivation.
Hexagonal Defect‐Rich MnOx/RuO2 with Abundant Heterointerface to Modulate Electronic Structure for Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wu Zexing , Wang Yonglong , Liu Dongzheng , Zhou Bowen , Yang Pengfei , Liu Runze , Xiao Weiping , Ma Tianyi , Wang Jinsong , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeveloping green hydrogen energy to power future societies has driven the progress of proton‐exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE). However, due to the complex anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electron transfer process and the strong acidic environment, the most effective catalysts are still Ir‐based nanomaterials. Therefore, exploiting low cost acidic OER catalysts to meet the needs of PEMWE remains a challenging and rewarding task. Herein, hexagonal‐shaped and defect‐rich MnOx/RuO2 heterojunction nanosheets (H/d‐MnOx/RuO2) is designed. The oxygen vacancies and heterogeneous structure enable the H/d‐MnOx/RuO2 catalyst to reach 10 mA cm−2 with only overpotential 178 mV in 0.5 m H2SO4. Density functional theory shows that the oxygen vacancies and heterogeneous interface facilitates the reduction of the adsorption energy of *OOH and the reduction of the energy level of Ru‐Oads, thus suppressing the involvement of lattice oxygen and enhancing the durability. This study provides an effective way to design efficient catalysts for hydrogen production in PEMWE.
3D Printed Cellulose Nanofiber Aerogel Scaffold with Hierarchical Porous Structures for Fast Solar‐Driven Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Zhu Penghui , Yu Zhengyang , Sun Hao , Zheng Dingyuan , Zheng Yi , Qian Yangyang , Wei Yuan , Lee Jongho , Srebnik Simcha , Chen Wenshuai , Chen Gang , Jiang Feng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHygroscopic salt‐based composite sorbents are considered ideal candidates for solar‐driven atmospheric water harvesting. The primary challenge for the sorbents lies in exposing more hygroscopically active sites to the surrounding air while preventing salt leakage. Herein, a hierarchically structured scaffold is constructed by integrating cellulose nanofiber and lithium chloride (LiCl) as building blocks through 3D printing combined with freeze‐drying. The milli/micrometer multiscale pores can effectively confine LiCl and simultaneously provide a more exposed active area for water sorption and release, accelerating both water sorption and evaporation kinetics of the 3D printed structure. Compared to a conventional freeze‐dried aerogel, the 3D printed scaffold exhibits a water sorption rate that is increased 1.6‐fold, along with a more than 2.4‐fold greater water release rate. An array of bilayer scaffolds is demonstrated, which can produce 0.63 g g−1 day−1 of water outdoors under natural sunlight. This article provides a sustainable strategy for collecting freshwater from the atmosphere.
Controllable Star Cationic Poly(Disulfide)s Achieve Genetically Cascade Catalytic Therapy by Delivering Bifunctional Fusion Plasmids
Authors: Yu Dan , Wang Yuanchen , Qu Shuang , Zhang Na , Nie Kaili , Wang Junkai , Huang Yichun , Sui Dandan , Yu Bingran , Qin Meng , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe absence of effective delivery vectors and suitable multifunctional plasmids limits cancer gene therapy development. The star cationic poly(disulfide)s with β‐cyclodextrin cores (termed β‐CD‐g‐PSSn) for caveolae‐mediated endocytosis are designed and prepared via mild and controllable disulfide exchange polymerization for high‐efficacy cancer therapy. Then, β‐CD‐g‐PSSn/pDNA complexes are transported to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. Disulfides in β‐CD‐g‐PSSn vectors are degraded by glutathione in tumor cells, which not only promotes intracellular pDNA release but also reduces in vitro and in vivo toxicity. One bifunctional fusion plasmid pCATKR, which expresses catalase (CAT) fused to KillerRed (KR) (CATKR) in the same target cell, is also proposed for genetically cascade catalytic therapy. When compared with pCAT‐KR (plasmid expressing CAT and KR separately in the same cell), delivered pCATKR decomposes hydrogen peroxide, alleviates tumor hypoxia more effectively, generates stronger reactive oxygen species (ROS) capabilities under moderate irradiation, and leads to robust antitumor cascade photodynamic effects. These impressive results are attributed to fusion protein design, which shortens the distance between CAT and KR catalytic centers and leads to improved ROS production efficiency. This work provides a promising strategy by delivering a catalytic cascade functional plasmid via a high‐performance vector with biodegradable and caveolae‐mediated endocytosis characteristics.
Polarization Reversal of Group IV–VI Semiconductors with Pucker‐Like Structure: Mechanism Dissecting and Function Demonstration
Authors: Yu Yali , Xiong Tao , Liu Yue‐Yang , Yang Juehan , Xia Jian‐Bai , Wei Zhongming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolarization imaging presents advantages in capturing spatial, spectral, and polarization information across various spectral bands. It can improve the perceptual ability of image sensors and has garnered more applications. Despite its potential, challenges persist in identifying band information and implementing image enhancement using polarization imaging. These challenges often necessitate integrating spectrometers or other components, resulting in increased complexities within image processing systems and hindering device miniaturization trends. Here, the characteristics of anisotropic absorption reversal are systematically elucidated in pucker‐like group IV–VI semiconductors MX (M = Ge, Sn; X = S, Se) through theoretical predictions and experimental validations. Additionally, the fundamental mechanisms behind anisotropy reversal in different bands are also explored. The photodetector is constructed by utilizing MX as a light‐absorbing layer, harnessing polarization‐sensitive photoresponse for virtual imaging. The results indicate that the utilization of polarization reversal photodetectors holds advantages in achieving further multifunctional integration within the device structure while simplifying its configuration, including band information identification and image enhancement. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of polarization reversal mechanisms and presents a promising and reliable approach for achieving dual‐band image band identification and image enhancement without additional auxiliary components.
An Ultra‐Small Osmium Clusters‐Loaded Organosilica‐Based Antibacterial Nanoagent for Efficient Infected‐Wound Healing
Authors: Wu Jinyong , Xiao Wenjuan , Xu Shiyu , Zhao Lihua , Ren Zhongzhen , Niu Dechao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecently, nanomaterials with natural enzymatic activity and photothermal effect offer an alternative pathway to combat bacterial infections and the abuse of antibiotics. Unfortunately, the development of these reported antibacterial nanoagents is always hampered by insufficient enzymatic activity and low photothermal conversion efficiency. To address these issues, herein, novel ultra‐small osmium clusters‐loaded F127‐organosilica micelles (Os@FOMs) are developed as antibacterial nanoagents for efficient infected‐wound healing. The preparation of nanoagents mainly involves the confined sol‐gel transition of thiol‐containing silane coupling agent in the hydrophobic region of F127 micelles and subsequent self‐reduction process of osmium salt in the thiols/disulfides‐doped organosilica framework. As a promising candidate for bacterial‐infected wound healing, Os@FOMs exhibit not only high photothermal conversion efficiency of 70% under 808 nm near infrared (NIR) irradiation, but also display peroxidase (POD)‐like activity in acidic conditions, which together contribute excellent antibacterial ability in acidic bacterial infectious microenvironment. On the other hand, Os@FOMs possess good catalase‐like effect in neutral or weak alkaline conditions, thus protecting normal tissues from the POD‐like protocol with exogenous H2O2 damage for efficient wound healing. It is highly expected that the new noble metal@organosilica‐based nanoagents present a promising paradigm to fight antibiotic‐resistant pathogens.
Highly Efficient and Stable Binary Cross‐Linkable/ Self‐Assembled Organic Nonlinear Optical Molecular Glasses
Authors: Zhang Lian , Liu Fenggang , Yang Ruoxi , Huo Fuyang , Zhang Weijun , Zhang Yu , Liu Chuying , Hui Chunngai , Wang Jiahai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of electro‐optical materials with high chromophore loading levels that possess ultrahigh electro‐optic coefficients and high long term alignment stability is a challenging topic. Anthracene‐maleimide Diels–Alder (DA) reaction and π–π interaction of Anthracene‐pentafluorobenzene and benzene‐pentafluorobenzene are developed for making highly efficient binary cross‐linkable/self‐assembled dendritic chromophores FZL1‐FZL4. A covalently or non‐covalently cross‐linked network is formed by DA reaction or π–π interaction after electric field poling orientation, which greatly improves the long‐term alignment stability of the materials. An electro‐optic coefficient up to 266 pm V−1 and glass transition temperature as high as 178 °C are achieved in cross‐linked film FZL1/FZL2, and 272–308 pm V−1 is achieved for self‐assembled films FZL1/FZL4 and FZL3/FZL4 due to high chromophore density (3.09–4.02 × 1020 molecules cm−3). Long‐term alignment stability tests show that after heating at 85 °C for over 500 h, 99.73% of the initial r33 value is maintained for poled crosslinked electro‐optic films 1:1 FZL1/FZL2. The poled self‐assembled electro‐optic films 1:1 FZL1/FZL4 and 1:1 FZL3/FZL4 can still maintain more than 97.11% and 98.23%, respectively, of the original electro‐optic coefficient after being placed at room temperature for 500 h. The excellent electro‐optic coefficient and stability of the material indicate the practical application prospects of organic electro‐optic materials.
Clinical Phenotype of Pediatric and Adult Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy With Four SMN2 Copies: Are They Really All Stable?
Authors: Ricci Martina , Cicala Gianpaolo , Capasso Anna , Coratti Giorgia , Fiori Stefania , Cutrona Costanza , D'Amico Adele , Sansone Valeria A. , Bruno Claudio , Messina Sonia , Mongini Tiziana , Coccia Michela , Siciliano Gabriele , Pegoraro Elena , Masson Riccardo , Filosto Massimiliano , Comi Giacomo P. , Corti Stefania , Ronchi Dario , Maggi Lorenzo , D'Angelo Maria G. , Vacchiano Veria , Ticci Chiara , Ruggiero Lucia , Verriello Lorenzo , Ricci Federica S. , Berardinelli Angela L. , Maioli Maria Antonietta , Garibaldi Matteo , Nigro Vincenzo , Previtali Stefano C. , Pera Maria Carmela , Tizzano Eduardo , Pane Marika , Tiziano Francesco Danilo , Mercuri Eugenio ,   ITASMAC Working Group
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to provide an overview of the clinical phenotypes associated with 4 SMN2 copies.MethodsClinical phenotypes were analyzed in all the patients with 4 SMN2 copies as part of a nationwide effort including all the Italian pediatric and adult reference centers for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).ResultsThe cohort includes 169 patients (102 men and 67 women) with confirmed 4 SMN2 copies (mean age at last follow‐up = 36.9 ± 19 years). Six of the 169 patients were presymptomatic, 8 were classified as type II, 145 as type III (38 type IIIA and 107 type IIIB), and 8 as type IV. The remaining 2 patients were asymptomatic adults identified because of a familial case. The cross‐sectional functional data showed a reduction of scores with increasing age. Over 35% of the type III and 25% of the type IV lost ambulation (mean age = 26.8 years ± 16.3 SD). The risk of loss of ambulation was significantly associated with SMA type (p < 0.0001), with patients with IIIB and IV less likely to lose ambulation compared to type IIIA. There was an overall gender effect with a smaller number of women and a lower risk for women to lose ambulation. This was significant in the adult (p = 0.009) but not in the pediatric cohort (p = 0.43).InterpretationOur results expand the existing literature on natural history of 4 SMN2 copies confirming the variability of phenotypes in untreated patients, ranging from type II to type IV and an overall reduction of functional scores with increasing age. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:1126–1135
N,O‐Benzylidene Acetal Dipeptides (NBDs) Enable the Synthesis of Difficult Peptides via a Kinked Backbone Strategy
Authors: Wu Hongxiang , Sun Zhenquan , Li Xuechen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProteins with highly hydrophobic regions or aggregation‐prone sequences are typically difficult targets for chemical synthesis at the current stage, as obtaining such type of peptides via solid‐phase peptide synthesis requires sophisticated operations. Herein, we report N,O‐benzylidene acetal dipeptides (NBDs) as robust and effective building blocks to allow the direct synthesis of difficult peptides and proteins via a kinked backbone strategy. The effectiveness and easy accessibility of NBDs have been well demonstrated in our chemical syntheses of various challenging peptides and proteins, including chemokine, therapeutic hormones, histone, and glycosylated erythropoietin.
Ultralight and superelastic multifunctional PI composite aerogels with a nanofibrous‐laminar synergistic structure for highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Pan Yu , Zhang Li , He Jianxin , Wang Rongwu , Chen Xiaogang , Xu Yangyang , Zhao Xu , Feng Yanlai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance and lightweight electromagnetic wave‐absorbing materials with broad frequency bandwidths and strong absorption capabilities can effectively protect the human body from electromagnetic radiation hazards. However, manufacturing protective materials that are also flexible, comfortable, and permeable to air and moisture is challenging. In this study, a high‐performing aerogel material that absorbs electromagnetic waves was constructed using electrospinning and freeze‐drying processes. Ce3+‐doped Li0.35Zn0.3Fe2.35O4/silica (CLZFO/SiO2) inorganic magnetic nanofibers and polyamide imide/silicon carbide (PAI/SIC) organic nanofibers were used as the reinforcing phase in the aerogel. These nanofibers were uniformly dispersed in a mixed solution containing polyamic acid (PAA), graphene oxide (GO), and SIC nanoparticles. Subsequent freeze‐drying and thermal amidation produced a PAI/SIC and CLZFO/SiO2 nanofiber‐reinforced (PASI/CLS) polyimide (PI) composite aerogel, which had a nanofibrous‐laminar synergistic structure with a uniform filling of GO and SIC nanoparticles. The PASI/CLS aerogel exhibited efficient electromagnetic wave absorption with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −49 dB at 5.4 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.3 GHz. The excellent mechanical properties, thermal insulation performance, and superhydrophobicity of the aerogel ensure the long‐term stability of its microwave absorption capacity in complex and extreme environments.
3D Porous Biomass Derived Carbon Composite Modified with (Ni,Co)Se Particles for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Jiaquan , Ding Zitong , Zhou Qiuman , Wei Lanfei , Yan Yurong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModification with transition metal compounds is an effective strategy to improve the capacitance of biomass derived carbon. In this work, high‐performance (Ni,Co)Se/banana leaves derived carbon ((Ni,Co)Se/BLC) composite with 3D porous structure was prepared by two‐step carbonization and subsequent hydrothermal reaction process. The prepared (Ni,Co)Se/BLC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 840.6 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, which is more than five times comparing with the carbon matrix. Asymmetric supercapacitor, assembled with the (Ni,Co)Se/BLC composite as the positive electrode and BLC as the negative electrode, exhibits a wide potential window of 1.5 V, delivers a high energy density of 34.3 Wh/kg at a power density of 749.8 W/kg, and the power density can reach 7500 W/kg at the energy density of 19.4 Wh/kg. The results reveal that the modification of metal selenide can greatly improve the electrochemical properties of biomass derived carbon, which is significant for the application of biowaste in supercapacitor electrode materials.
Biocatalytic role of cytochrome P450s to produce antibiotics: A review
Authors: Adhikari Anup , Shakya Sajan , Shrestha Shreesti , Aryal Dipa , Timalsina Kavi Prasad , Dhakal Dipesh , Khatri Yogan , Parajuli Niranjan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCytochrome P450s belong to a family of heme‐binding monooxygenases, which catalyze regio‐ and stereospecific functionalisation of C–H, C–C, and C–N bonds, including heteroatom oxidation, oxidative C–C bond cleavages, and nitrene transfer. P450s are considered useful biocatalysts for the production of pharmaceutical products, fine chemicals, and bioremediating agents. Despite having tremendous biotechnological potential, being heme‐monooxygenases, P450s require either autologous or heterologous redox partner(s) to perform chemical transformations. Randomly distributed P450s throughout a bacterial genome and devoid of particular redox partners in natural products biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) showed an extra challenge to reveal their pharmaceutical potential. However, continuous efforts have been made to understand their involvement in antibiotic biosynthesis and their modification, and this review focused on such BGCs. Here, particularly, we have discussed the role of P450s involved in the production of macrolides and aminocoumarin antibiotics, nonribosomal peptide (NRPSs) antibiotics, ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptide (RiPPs) antibiotics, and others. Several reactions catalyzed by P450s, as well as the role of their redox partners involved in the BGCs of various antibiotics and their derivatives, have been primarily addressed in this review, which would be useful in further exploration of P450s for the biosynthesis of new therapeutics.