bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grading Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Grade Using Diffusion Relaxation Correlated MR Spectroscopic Imaging
Authors: Dai Yongming , Hu Wentao , Wu Guangyu , Wu Dongmei , Zhu Mengying , Luo Yuansheng , Wang Jieying , Zhou Yan , Hu Peng 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of RCC, and accurate grading is crucial for prognosis and treatment selection. Biopsy is the reference standard for grading, but MRI methods can improve and complement the grading procedure.PurposeAssess the performance of diffusion relaxation correlation spectroscopic imaging (DR‐CSI) in grading ccRCC.Study TypeProspective.Subjects79 patients (age: 58.1 +/− 11.5 years; 55 male) with ccRCC confirmed by histopathology (grade 1, 7; grade 2, 45; grade 3, 18; grade 4, 9) following surgery.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T MRI scanner. DR‐CSI with a diffusion‐weighted echo‐planar imaging sequence and T2‐mapping with a multi‐echo spin echo sequence.AssessmentDR‐CSI results were analyzed for the solid tumor regions of interest using spectrum segmentation with five sub‐region volume fraction metrics (VA, VB, VC, VD, and VE). The regulations for spectrum segmentation were determined based on the D‐T2 spectra of distinct macro‐components. Tumor size, voxel‐wise T2, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained. Histopathology assessed tumor grade (G1–G4) for each case.Statistical TestsOne‐way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman's correlation (coefficient, rho), multivariable logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and DeLong's test. Significance criteria: P < 0.05.ResultsSignificant differences were found in ADC, T2, DR‐CSI VB, and VD among the ccRCC grades. Correlations were found for ccRCC grade to tumor size (rho = 0.419), age (rho = 0.253), VB (rho = 0.553) and VD (rho = −0.378). AUC of VB was slightly larger than ADC in distinguishing low‐grade (G1‐G2) from high‐grade (G3‐G4) ccRCC (0.801 vs. 0.762, P = 0.406) and G1 from G2 to G4 (0.796 vs. 0.647, P = 0.175), although not significant. Combining VB, VD, and VE had better diagnostic performance than combining ADC and T2 for differentiating G1 from G2‐G4 (AUC: 0.814 vs 0.643).Data ConclusionDR‐CSI parameters are correlated with ccRCC grades, and may help to differentiate ccRCC grades.Evidence Level2Technical Efficacy Stage2
Metagenomic analysis of the relationship between the microorganisms and the volatiles' development in the wines during spontaneous fermentation from the eastern foothills of the Ningxia Helan mountains in China
Authors: Ma Wenrui , Yu Jiajun , Yang Fan , Zhang Xiaomeng , Zhang Fengjie , Jin Weiyun , Sun Zhiwei , Zhao Zhihui , Jia Shiru , Zhong Cheng , Xue Jie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe natural fermentation of multispecies microbial communities is responsible for unique flavors of winery regions of the eastern foothills of the Ningxia Helan Mountains in China. However, the participation of different microorganisms in the metabolic network for the development of important flavor substances is not clearly defined. Microbial population and diversity on different fermentation phases of Ningxia wine were analyzed by metagenomic sequencing approach.RESULTSGas chromatography–mass spectrometry and ion chromatography were used to identify flavor components, and 13 esters, 13 alcohols, nine aldehydes and seven ketones were detected in volatile substances with odor activity values > 1, and eight organic acids were detected as important flavor components in young wine. Thus, 52 238 predicted protein‐coding genes from 24 genera were identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes level 2 pathways of global and overview maps, and the genes were primarily involved in amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Major microbial genera (Saccharomyces, Tatumella, Hanseniaspora, Lactobacillus, and Lachancea) were closely related to self‐characteristic compound metabolism and further contributed to wine flavor.CONCLUSIONThis study clarifies the different metabolic roles of microorganisms in flavor formation during Ningxia wine spontaneous fermentation. Saccharomyces, dominant fungi involved in glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism, produces not only ethanol but also two important precursors, pyruvate and acetyl‐CoA, which are necessary for the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and flavor formation. Lactobacillus and Lachancea, dominant bacteria involved in lactic acid metabolism. Tatumella, dominant bacteria involved in amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and acetic acid metabolism to produce esters in the Shizuishan City region samples. These findings provide insights into the use of local functional strains to generate unique flavor formation, as well as improved stability and quality, in wine production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Chaotic Internal Dynamics of Dissipative Optical Soliton Molecules
Authors: Song Youjian , Zou Defeng , Gat Omri , Hu Minglie , Grelu Philippe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen a laser cavity supports the propagation of several ultrashort pulses, these pulses can form compact bound states called soliton molecules. Soliton molecules are fascinating objects of nonlinear science, presenting striking analogies with their matter molecule counterparts. The relative timing and phase between the copropagating pulses are the most salient internal degrees of freedom of the soliton molecule. The soliton pair, composed of two identical pulses, constitutes the chief soliton molecule of fundamental interest. Its two major internal degrees of freedom allow self‐oscillating soliton molecules, which have been recurrently observed. However, despite theoretical predictions, the low‐dimensional chaotic dynamics of a soliton‐pair molecule remain elusive. This article reports the observation of chaotic soliton‐pair molecules within an ultrafast fiber laser by means of a direct measurement of the relative optical pulse separation with sub‐femtosecond precision in real time. Moreover, it demonstrates an all‐optical control of the chaotic dynamics followed by the soliton molecule by injection of a modulated optical signal that resynchronizes the internal periodic vibration of the soliton molecule. The fast error‐free switching between ordered and chaotic soliton molecules enabled by pump current sweeping and external injection highlights the potential prospects of all‐optical logic gates and chaotic communication using soliton molecules.
Effect of sliding speed on the thermohydrodynamic performance of partially slip‐textured slider bearings
Authors: Singh Sartaj , Kango Saurabh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study evaluates the combined use of micro‐textures and ‘wettability gradient’ on the thermohydrodynamic performance of inclined slider bearings. Mass conserving Elrod cavitation model with slip boundary condition has been used to investigate the dimensionless static performance parameters at different convergence ratios and sliding speeds. The most effective location of the wettability gradient and textures has been considered in the present work. It has been observed that with the increase in sliding speed, the load carrying capacity, friction force and volumetric inflow rate of the slip‐textured bearings were improved. The improvements were more pronounced at smaller convergence ratios. Moreover, the slip‐textured bearings exhibited significant improvement in the average pressure and temperature of the lubricant. However, at higher sliding speeds, a substantial increase in friction force and average lubricant temperature was noticed. The square textured slip bearing exhibited maximum improvements towards various performance parameters of the three considered texture shapes.
Current Status and Trends in Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapy: A Focus on Polysaccharide‐Based Nanomedicines
Authors: Molinar Chiara , Tannous Maria , Meloni Domitilla , Cavalli Roberta , Scomparin Anna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe efficacious delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids to cancer still remains an open issue. Through the years, several strategies are developed for the encapsulation of genetic molecules exploiting different materials, such as viral vectors, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). Indeed, the rapid approval by regulatory authorities and the wide use of LNPs complexing the mRNA coding for the spark protein for COVID‐19 vaccination paved the way for the initiation of several clinical trials exploiting lipid nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, polymers still represent a valuable alternative to lipid‐based formulations, due to the low cost and the chemical flexibility that allows for the conjugation of targeting ligands. This review will analyze the status of the ongoing clinical trials for cancer therapy, including vaccination and immunotherapy approaches, exploiting polymeric materials. Among those nanosized carriers, sugar‐based backbones are an interesting category. A cyclodextrin‐based carrier (CALAA‐01) is the first polymeric material to enter a clinical trial complexed with siRNA for cancer therapy, and chitosan is one of the most characterized non‐viral vectors able to complex genetic material. Finally, the recent advances in the use of sugar‐based polymers (oligo‐ and polysaccharides) for the complexation of nucleic acids in advanced preclinical stage will be discussed.
Optimal control of generalized multiobjective games with application to traffic networks modeling
Authors: Van Hung Nguyen , Keller André A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to study some new results on the existence and convergence of the solutions to controlled systems of generalized multiobjective games, controlled systems of traffic networks, and optimal control problems (OCPs). First, we introduce the controlled systems of generalized multiobjective games and establish the existence of the solutions for these systems using Browder‐type fixed point theorem in the noncompact case and the ‐quasi‐concavity. Results on the convergence of controlled systems of the solutions for such problems using the auxiliary solution sets and the extended ‐convexity of the objective functions are studied. Second, we investigate OCPs governed by generalized multiobjective games. The existence and convergence of the solutions to these problems are also obtained. Finally, as a real‐world application, we consider the special case of controlled systems of traffic networks. Many examples are given for the illustration of our results.
Weight generalization of the space of continuous functions vanishing at infinity
Authors: Saleki Reza , Samea Hojjatollah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we characterize the weighted generalization of the space of continuous functions vanishing at infinity and correct some wrong results in the paper. Let X be a locally compact space and ν is an arbitrary weight (non‐negative function) on X. We give a correct and comprehensive definition of the weighted generalization of , and show that it is a seminormed space with respect to the canonical seminorm , where . We find conditions on ν under which , with respect to , becomes a normed space or a Banach space or an algebra, or a topological algebra, respectively.
Intraputamenal Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Multicenter Phase 1 Trial
Authors: Huttunen Henri J. , Booms Sigrid , Sjögren Magnus , Kerstens Vera , Johansson Jarkko , Holmnäs Rebecka , Koskinen Jani , Kulesskaya Natalia , Fazio Patrik , Woolley Max , Brady Alan , Williams Julia , Johnson David , Dailami Narges , Gray William , Levo Reeta , Saarma Mart , Halldin Christer , Marjamaa Johan , Resendiz‐Nieves Julio , Grubor Irena , Lind Göran , Eerola‐Rautio Johanna , Mertsalmi Tuomas , Andréasson Mattias , Paul Gesine , Rinne Juha , Kivisaari Riku , Bjartmarz Hjalmar , Almqvist Per , Varrone Andrea , Scheperjans Filip , Widner Håkan , Svenningsson Per 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) is an unconventional neurotrophic factor that protects dopamine neurons and improves motor function in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectiveThe primary objectives of this study were to assess the safety and tolerability of both CDNF and the drug delivery system (DDS) in patients with PD of moderate severity.MethodsWe assessed the safety and tolerability of monthly intraputamenal CDNF infusions in patients with PD using an investigational DDS, a bone‐anchored transcutaneous port connected to four catheters. This phase 1 trial was divided into a placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, 6‐month main study followed by an active‐treatment 6‐month extension. Eligible patients, aged 35 to 75 years, had moderate idiopathic PD for 5 to 15 years and Hoehn and Yahr score ≤ 3 (off state). Seventeen patients were randomized to placebo (n = 6), 0.4 mg CDNF (n = 6), or 1.2 mg CDNF (n = 5). The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability of CDNF and DDS and catheter implantation accuracy. Secondary endpoints were measures of PD symptoms, including Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and DDS patency and port stability. Exploratory endpoints included motor symptom assessment (PKG, Global Kinetics Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia) and positron emission tomography using dopamine transporter radioligand [18F]FE‐PE2I.ResultsDrug‐related adverse events were mild to moderate with no difference between placebo and treatment groups. No severe adverse events were associated with the drug, and device delivery accuracy met specification. The severe adverse events recorded were associated with the infusion procedure and did not reoccur after procedural modification. There were no significant changes between placebo and CDNF treatment groups in secondary endpoints between baseline and the end of the main and extension studies.ConclusionsIntraputamenally administered CDNF was safe and well tolerated, and possible signs of biological response to the drug were observed in individual patients. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Cognitive Safety Data from a Randomized, Double‐Blind, Parallel‐Group, Placebo‐Controlled Phase IIb Study of the Effects of a Cannabidiol and Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol Drug on Parkinson's Disease‐Related Motor Symptoms
Authors: Domen Christopher H. , Sillau Stefan , Liu Ying , Adkins Michelle , Rajkovic Sarah , Bainbridge Jacquelyn , Sempio Cristina , Klawitter Jost , Leehey Maureen A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCannabis is increasingly available worldwide but its impact on cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown.ObjectivePresent cognitive safety data from study of an oral high‐dose cannabidiol (CBD; 100 mg) and low‐dose Δ9‐tetrahydocannabinol (THC; 3.3 mg) drug in PD.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, placebo‐controlled study of a CBD/THC drug administered for 16.3 (SD: 4.2) days, with dosage escalating to twice per day. Neuropsychological tests were administered at baseline and 1–1½ hours after final dose; scores were analyzed with longitudinal regression models (alpha = 0.05). Cognitive adverse events were collected.ResultsWhen adjusted for age and education, the CBD/THC group (n = 29) performed worse than the placebo group (n = 29) on Animal Verbal Fluency. Adverse cognitive events were reported at least twice as often by the CBD/THC than the placebo group.ConclusionData suggest this CBD/THC drug has a small detrimental effect on cognition following acute/short‐term use in PD. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
New drug approvals for 2022: Synthesis and clinical applications
Authors: Yuan Shuo , Shen Dan‐Dan , Jia Rui , Sun Ju‐Shan , Song Jian , Liu Hong‐Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a total of 37 new drugs in 2022, which are composed of 20 chemical entities and 17 biologics. In particular, 20 chemical entities, including 17 small molecule drugs, 1 radiotherapy, and 2 diagnostic agents, provide privileged scaffolds, breakthrough clinical benefits, and a new mechanism of action for the discovery of more potent clinical candidates. The structure‐based drug development with clear targets and fragment‐based drug development with privileged scaffolds have always been the important modules in the field of drug discovery, which could easily bypass the patent protection and bring about improved biological activity. Therefore, we summarized the relevant valuable information about clinical application, mechanism of action, and chemical synthesis of 17 newly approved small molecule drugs in 2022. We hope this timely and comprehensive review could bring about creative and elegant inspiration on the synthetic methodologies and mechanism of action for the discovery of new drugs with novel chemical scaffolds and extended clinical indications.
Delirium screening in a stroke unit by nurses using 4AT: Results from a quality improvement project
Authors: Ihle‐Hansen Håkon , Johnsen Nina , Jankowiak Tatiana , Hagberg Guri , Walle‐Hansen Marte M. , Landgraff Ida , Høvik Gunnhild , Graven Else , Myrstad Marius 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the feasibility of delirium screening with the screening tool 4AT conducted by stroke unit nurses.DesignObservational.MethodsPatients with confirmed acute stroke admitted to the stroke unit at Bærum Hospital, Norway, from March to October 2020, were consecutively recruited. Nurses performed delirium screening using the rapid screening tool 4AT within 24 h of admission, at discharge and when delirium was suspected, and filled out a questionnaire assessing their experiences with the delirium screening. A geriatrician validated the delirium diagnosis.ResultsIn all, 62 patients were included, mean age 73.3 years. 4AT was performed according to protocol in 49 (79.0%) and 39 (62.9%) patients at admission and discharge respectively. Lack of time (40%) was reported as the most common reason for not performing delirium screening. The nurses reported that the felt competent to carry out the 4AT screening, and did not experience it as significant extra workload. Five patients (8%) were diagnosed with delirium. Delirium screening performed by stroke unit nurses seemed feasible and the nurses experienced that 4AT was a useful tool for this purpose.
Infantile hemangiomas screening modalities for primary care physicians
Authors: Roupakias Stylianos , Kostopoulou Eirini , Gkentzi Despoina , Fouzas Sotirios , Sinopidis Xenophon 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTInfantile hemangiomas are the most common benign vascular tumors in children. They present a characteristic natural history of spontaneous involution after a phase of initial proliferation. A small but significant minority demonstrates incomplete regression or complications and requires prompt intervention. Prediction of the evolution of infantile hemangiomas is challenging because of their morphological and behavioral heterogeneity. The decision between referral for treatment and observation is sometimes difficult, especially among non‐expert physicians, with the risk of missing the period for optimizing outcomes in case of delayed intervention. The aim of this review is to update our knowledge, especially of the primary care providers, regarding the ongoing difficulties of the early clinical evaluation of infantile hemangiomas, and to outline the importance of current practical scoring tools for the identification of the lesions which require expert consultation and referral.
Thermal stability and curing behavior of acrylate photopolymers for additive manufacturing
Authors: Setter Robert , Schmölzer Stefan , Rudolph Natalie , Moukhina Elena , Wudy Katrin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNext‐generation additive manufacturing processes based on UV‐curing acrylate photopolymers extend the barriers of functional part production by deploying rapid processing speeds, complex geometries with high resolutions, and an extended material spectrum. Many technologies introduce temperature‐dependent curing and decomposition behavior of acrylates to the list of process‐related challenges. This investigation targets a comprehensive analysis of the curing behavior and thermal stability of acrylic photopolymers by implementing analyzing techniques like thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Significant parameters such as the UV intensity and the isothermal temperature are varied based on the design of experiments. Characteristic evolving gases at elevated temperatures are identified and discussed towards their relevance for the curing process. The calorimetric results demonstrate increasing reaction speeds with elevated UV intensities as well as a restricted accelerating effect of increasing temperatures. The reaction enthalpy proves to be strongly dependent on the chosen temperature. The results represent the base for the comparison of different kinetic curing models in future investigations.
Test–retest repeatability of organ uptake on PSMA‐targeted 18F‐DCFPyL PET/CT in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Werner Rudolf A. , Lütje Susanne , Habacha Bilêl , Bundschuh Lena , Higuchi Takahiro , Buck Andreas K. , Kosmala Aleksander , Lapa Constantin , Essler Markus , Lodge Martin A. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Markowski Mark C. , Gorin Michael A. , Pomper Martin G. , Rowe Steven P. , Bundschuh Ralph A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe evaluated 18F‐DCFPyL test–retest repeatability of uptake in normal organs.MethodsTwenty‐two prostate cancer (PC) patients underwent two 18F‐DCFPyL PET scans within 7 days within a prospective clinical trial (NCT03793543). In both PET scans, uptake in normal organs (kidneys, spleen, liver, and salivary and lacrimal glands) was quantified. Repeatability was determined by using within‐subject coefficient of variation (wCOV), with lower values indicating improved repeatability.ResultsFor SUVmean, repeatability was high for kidneys, spleen, liver, and parotid glands (wCOV, range: 9.0%–14.3%) and lower for lacrimal (23.9%) and submandibular glands (12.4%). For SUVmax, however, the lacrimal (14.4%) and submandibular glands (6.9%) achieved higher repeatability, while for large organs (kidneys, liver, spleen, and parotid glands), repeatability was low (range: 14.1%–45.2%).ConclusionWe found acceptable repeatability of uptake on 18F‐DCFPyL PET for normal organs, in particular for SUVmean in the liver or parotid glands. This may have implications for both PSMA‐targeted imaging and treatment, as patient selection for radioligand therapy and standardized frameworks for scan interpretation (PROMISE, E‐PSMA) rely on uptake in those reference organs.