bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural enemies of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn plants in West Sumatera
Authors: Sari W , Nelly N , Hidrayani  , Yaherwandi  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
One of the harmful pests that attack corn plants in Indonesia is Spodoptera frugiperda. This invasive insect was detected in the West Pasaman district in 2019. Outbreaks of S. frugiperda have spread to nearly every region of Indonesia. There have been no reports of natural enemies of S. frugiperda in West Sumatera. The study’s objectives were to count the number of S. frugiperda individuals in each location and to identify the natural enemies. The research was conducted in West Pasaman, Padang Pariaman, Tanah Datar, and Limapuluh Kota as centers of corn cultivation from March to August 2021. Sampling was done in four districts by selecting three sub-districts in each district, then two villages in the sub-district. Sampling was carried out by purposive random sampling, and larvae were taken only during the vegetative phase of corn plants. To get natural enemies, parasitoids, nematodes, and entomopathogens were obtained from larvae reared in the laboratory. For predators with direct observation if found preying on S. frugiperda. The results showed that S.frugiperda had a different number of individuals in West Sumatra. Coccinellidae predators, entomopathogenic fungi, nematode parasites, and parasitoids were found in the field. Microplitis sp. was a common parasitoid found in almost all districts, with a parasitization rate of 5.91%.
Bioactivity a mixture of spiked pepper fruit extract and fish-poison bean leaf extract against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Lina E C , Reihan A , Hidayatullah M S 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe active compounds on spiked pepper (Piper aduncum) fruit extract and fish-poison bean (Tephrosia vogelii) leaf extract have a potency used as botanical insecticides as alternative pest control. This study was conducted to determine the activity of mixed extracts of Spiked pepper fruit and Fish-poison bean leaf extract against the new invasive pestSpodoptera frugiperdalarvae. This study was held from February 2021 to November 2021 at the Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang. The experiment consists of a preliminary test and an advanced test. The advanced test was conducted using six concentrations and five replications of a mixture extract of Spiked pepper and Fish-poison bean. The parameters observed were larvae mortality, feeding inhibition activity (antifeedant), and larval development time. The result showed that the combination indexes of the mixed extract of Spiked pepper fruit and Fish-poison bean leaves (1:1) were additive with the value of LC50and LC95is 0,29% and 0,59%, respectively. Mixed extract of Spiked pepper fruit and Fish-poison bean leaves (1:1) caused larvae mortality, inhibited feeding activity, and inhibitedS. frugiperdalarvae growth. The formulation is needed to increase the mixed extract of Spiked pepper fruit and Fish-poison bean leaves (1:1) activity againstS. frugiperda.
Beauveria bassiana colonization on cabbage and its effect on seed germination and seedling growth
Authors: Yunisman  , Trizelia  , Rusli R , Marhamah S , Rahman E 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn insect-pathogen fungus called Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. is employed as a biological control for a variety of insect pests.B. bassiananot only acts as an entomopathogen, directly infecting and killing pests, but it also has the ability to live endophyte on plants, colonize plant tissues, and consequently boost growth. This research was undertaken to find out whetherB. bassianacan colonize cabbage and what impact it has on seed germination and seedling growth.B. bassianawas applied to cabbage by soaking the seeds with long soaking intervals of 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours. Cabbage seed germination was observed seven days after fungal application. The results revealed that the fungusB. bassianaincreased cabbage seed germination, radicle length, and plumule. The duration of soaking cabbage seeds withB. bassianaalso affected the cabbage seeds. Soaking cabbage seeds withB. bassianafor one hour is the best time to increase seed germination and the emergence of cabbage seedlings.
Financial analysis of corn farming on the post-gold mine land reclamation technology package in Palaluar Nagari Sijunjung Regency
Authors: Latifa D , Karmaita Y , Yefriwati  , Agustamar  , Yubniati  
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe increasing demand for corn for staple food, industry material and livestock feed shows that the development of corn farming is highly recommended. Utilization of marginal land to meet the needs of corn supply can be implemented on the post-gold mine in Sijunjung Regency. It is crucial to introduce cultivation technology to develop corn farming as an adaptive crop on post-mining land. It aims to produce harvest as expected and generate profit for farmers. The study aimed to analyze the feasibility of corn farming with a reclamation technology package on post-gold mining land. The research method is a case study on the Labuah Luruih farming group that has implemented technology such as land levelling, rich compost and mycorrhiza applications, and agricultural machinery. The research was conducted from April to August 2022. Data analysis used income analysis, R/C feasibility analysis, BEP Price, BEP Production and MBCR Analysis. The results show revenue is more diminutive than costs, R/C < 1, and BEP price and production are still below the break-even point in line with MBCR < 1 at the same price level. The conclusion of the technology package is not feasible when referring to the criteria for financial analysis in this first period. However, in the long term, farming will receive better results. Farmers should apply reclamation technology using collaboration between farmer groups and Nagari institutions.
Analysis of role and determinant factors development of beef cattle farming in Dharmasraya regency West Sumatera province
Authors: Indrayani I , Andri  , Boyon  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the model of beef cattle farming, the role of beef cattle in the development of the livestock subsector, and the determinant factors in the development of beef cattle in Dharmasraya Regency. The method used in this study is a combination of survey and desk study methods. The variables measured were the beef cattle rearing model, the role of beef cattle in the development of the livestock sub-sector, and the determinant factors in the development of beef cattle farming in Dharmasraya Regency. The data analysis used is descriptive statistics, Location Quotient (LQ), and Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results showed that the main job of the respondents (66%) were farmers, who generally (82%) had livestock ranging from 1-5 heads, the raising system carried out by farmers in general (75%) was intensive, most of the farmers (82%) raised their livestock. Access to technology, mainly artificial insemination technology, still needs to be improved. Based on the LQ analysis of the 11 existing sub-districts, 4 sub-districts are the base areas for beef cattle, namely Koto Besar, Koto Salak, Tiumang, and Sitiung sub-districts. SEM estimation results show that technical aspects (X1) and social aspects (X2) have a significant effect on beef cattle productivity (Y1) with the resulting probability value (p) < 0.05. The variable economic aspect (X3) has no significant effect on the productivity aspect (Y1), and the productivity aspect (Y1) has a positive and significant effect on the cattle population (Y2).
Analysis of farmers’ refusal to participate in the Prima 3 Certification Program
Authors: Astuti N B , Analia D , Evaliza D , Fatimah S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Providing sufficient food, nutritious and safe to consume, is a must to improve the quality of human life. For this reason, the government has issued Prima-3 certification, which labels safe vegetables and fruit. This study aims to identify the causes of farmers’ refusal of the Prima-3 certification program. The research was conducted using a survey method in Nagari Banuhampu Tanah Datar Regency, and 30 farmers were asked about their opinions of Prima-3 certification. The data collected is further analyzed in quantitative descriptive analysis and presented as tabulation and narrative. The results showed that the farmer’s main reason for refusing in Prima-3 certification program is that Prima-3 certified farmers require more labour than conventional farming. At the same time, the products have the same selling price. For social reasons, smallholders do not get permission from the landowner to participate in the program. This reason is specifically for smallholders only. Even though farmers currently refuse to join in the Prima-3 certification, they still have a high intention to participate in the future if there is a guarantee that the price of certified products is better than non-certified products. While the intention of farmers in the future to follow this program is high value if farmers get a better or higher guaranteed price.
Factors that affect the rice farmer’s income in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Khairati R , Hakimi R , Azriani Z 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAgriculture sector gives a significant contribution to the economy of West Sumatra province, with a share of about 22.38% of the Gross Regional Domestics Product of West Sumatra. The proportion of workers involves in this sector is 53.67%, with 872,948 farmers, and among them are 474,047 rice farmers. However, the level of farmers’ welfare is still low, where farmers’ exchange rate is less than 100. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the income of rice farmers in West Sumatra. This is a survey research with the respondent of 200 rice farmer households. This research was conducted in seven regencies and three cities representing the largest number of rice farmer households in West Sumatra. The sample was taken in each selected regency and city with multistage random sampling method. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The result shows that the factors that influence the income of rice farmers in West Sumatra are: the area of cultivated land, the price of rice, the number of seeds used, the amount of fertilizer used, and the number of workers.
A review of the inflated solar dryer for improving the quality of agricultural product
Authors: Maryana Y E , Saputra D , Priyanto G , Yuliati K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drying is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solvent by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid. This processing technique can be used to preserve agricultural products. Insufficient drying techniques may result in a progressively worse standard of the product. A number of different sources of energy are commonly utilized in drying processes such as fuel or biomass. The shortage of fossil fuels and expensive processes may damage the environment; consequently, solar-energy-utilized dryers become the main choice for drying agricultural crops. The inflated solar-energy-utilized dryers were used to dry agricultural crops because the design was simple and easy to operate and maintain, and the dryers prevented excessive heat on the top layer of the exposed object to the sun’s rays. In addition, they could be installed in new locations in a very short time. This study aimed to review in depth the inflated solar-energy-utilized dryers and found out their advantages. What’s more, it paid particular attention to providing a comprehensive description of the design of inflated solar-energy-utilized dryers and their application to a variety of different agricultural commodities. The results of the study showed that the inflated solar-energy-utilized dryers were both faster for drying and improved the product quality regarding the aflatoxin level and impurities.
A multi-attribute value approach for selection of course modality – A preliminary model
Authors: Juneja P K , Meadati P K , Palreddy S R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The pandemic resulted in universities offering more online classes than the earlier norm. The critical question arising with this shift is: are all classes fit for online delivery? Are all students fit for online learning? How can a one-size-fits-all approach be applied to selecting a course modality at different higher education institutions? What shall be the decision criteria for the selection of course modality of different courses for students? This study aimed to find the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of online and face-to-face offerings for the construction finance course in the construction management department. The same instructor taught the two different modalities: face-to-face and online. Students at the end of the semester completed a SWOT questionnaire for online and face-to-face learning. The questionnaire covered the following attributes: course content, technology, assignments, tests, grades, communication, and any other attribute the student suggested. The SWOT matrix showed that students had mixed responses toward face-to-face and online course delivery and learning. This study proposes a preliminary multi-attribute value model for selecting course modality. A simple case is formed to show the value of the decision-making framework for the respective decision.
Analyzing Temporal Changes in Initial and Recurrent Embodied Energy Using an Input-Output-based Hybrid method
Authors: Dixit M K , Pradeep Kumar P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Buildings consume over 40% of global energy annually in their initial construction and operation as embodied and operational energy, contributing to over 39% of global carbon emissions. Embodied energy (EE) is consumed directly in construction processes and indirectly using construction materials, each of which uses energy during its manufacturing. All direct and indirect embodied energies used in maintenance, repair, and replacement processes of buildings is termed recurrent embodied energy (REE). Because REE accrues over 50-100-year life cycle of buildings, it may be equal to, or more than the initial embodied energy (IEE) used during buildings’ construction. Both REE and IEE must be optimized to help effectively reduce the environmental burdens of buildings. However, calculating IEE and REE is a data-intensive process requiring temporally representative data that may not be readily available. Consequently, studies may use older data. This paper offers a temporal analysis of the IEE and REE of healthcare buildings to demonstrate how energy source-specific EE values may change over time and introduce errors in IEE and REE calculations if old data is used. Using macroeconomic modeling, the IEE and REE intensities of healthcare building sector are computed. The results indicate that using 5-year and 10-year-old data may underestimate IEE by 5% and overestimate it by 26%, respectively, whereas the REE may be overestimated by 20% and 33%, respectively. The results also show that the share of electricity in EE may be increasing over time. The findings underscore the importance of using temporally representative EE data for energy analysis.
Digitally transforming FM standards and their development process: Allowing experts to focus on what matters
Authors: Klungseth Nora Johanne , Tønsberg Conrad Wilhelm 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
For many years, standardization has been a driver of innovation and the acceleration of societal developments, both generally and within the built environment (BE) and facility management (FM). Recently, new acceleration factors – digitalization and digital transformation – have presented valuable opportunities for the industry of standardization (i.e. ISO, CEN, BS, IFMA, etc.) that may have a rippling effect on other industries; for example, increased standardization and digitalization are seen as key in reducing carbon footprints, and the digitalization of standards is believed to be particularly beneficial as it will improve required information flow. The purpose of this research was to identify the opportunity space for digitalization and digital transformation within standardization by investigating the nature of the life cycle of standards and the requirements for digitally transforming them. Two types of experts were interviewed: FM standardization experts who are well acquainted with standardization processes and digital experts working primarily with information and communication technologies (ICT). The interviews revealed that many see a need for digitalization and that machine-readable standards, AI-based text search tools and more are viewed as valuable possibilities. Two ways to look at digitalization opportunities in standardization were identified: the digitalisation of standardization work and standards enabling digital FM practice. The digitalization of standards offers excellent opportunities to improve the quality of standards, increase efficiency of both the use of and the development of standard, including improving the experience of subject matter experts involved in the process of standardization. Jointly, these efforts may be the catalyst for FM’s digital transformation.
Sustainable Facility Management in UN Development Goals
Authors: Lok K L , Opoku A , Smith A , Vanderpool I , Cheung K L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Facility Management (FM) is currently focusing on sustainability through the adoption of the newly recognised United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) when making business decisions. Strategic Sustainable FM has the potential towards the realisation of the 17 SDGs at all levels of organisation in the FM sector. However, the FM sector is also encountering potential barriers to the implementation of the relevant SDGs. Standardised and strategic level support is crucial for the smooth adoption of sustainable FM. This paper is aimed at discussing the role of facility management in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. This viewpoint paper, whereby content is dependent on the authors’ opinion and interpretation, focuses on new emerging disciplines that will affect the operations phase of buildings and the people working therein. The SDGs can help to objectively quantify the added value of FM to the core business and the global FM industry including impact of ISO standards and stakeholders (clients, service providers and researchers).
Maintenance and Climate Impact – A Study of the Practice for Private Rented Out Housing Estates
Authors: Rasmussen H L , Jensen P A , Bøytler T , Nielsen S B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the practice of building maintenance in Facilities Management (FM) companies responsible for managing and operating private rented out housing estates and how considerations for environmental sustainability and climate impact maintenance strategies. The study started with a pre-study including a literature review and consultations with experts to define the specific scope. The main study focused on preventive maintenance and renovation and included semi-structured interviews with managers from six of the largest companies in the market in Denmark. The study showed that the companies are organised in a similar way with departments for operation and maintenance, for renovation and building projects, and for sustainability and energy. The companies all had high professional internal competencies and worked actively with 10 years maintenance plans. The most important focus for sustainability was energy. The companies were engaged in becoming more sustainable and this was also given priority by property owners but less by tenants. The currently increasing energy prices will without doubt increase the focus on reducing energy cost also among tenants. However, the climate impact of maintenance is difficult to measure and document except for the consequences of energy reductions and changes in energy supply. A main benefit of preventive maintenance and renovation is reducing the need for producing new building materials and thereby reducing the related effects on resource use and climate impact. The results can give inspiration to other FM companies in Denmark and other countries to improve the sustainability of their maintenance practice. The study identified topics for further research and development.
Is Digitalization Worth the Hassle? Two cases of Innovation Building Operation and Maintenance
Authors: Pomè A P , Tagliaro C , Celani A , Ciaramella G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The spectrum of innovation in the Architecture-Engineering-Construction-Operation (AECO) industry is called PropTech (abbreviation for Property-Technology). PropTech uses digital technologies to improve the products and processes of the construction and real estate industry over the whole building life cycle. However, PropTech applications are not extensively adopted yet, as many established companies are still doubtful about the added value of a digital transition, which encompasses significant investments. This reluctancy might be due to a lack of evidence about the benefits of technology adoption. Therefore, the present study aims to outline the advantages of adopting digital technology in building management by analysing two case studies that can be considered good practices of an effective investment made possible by PropTech. Netix Controls developed a centralized system based on Machine Learning (ML), to collect and integrate data from different manufacturer chillers, fire alarms, and lighting systems, and applied it to two separate networks of 77 and 14 buildings, respectively, which correspond to the two cases under analysis in this paper. Through desktop data and interviews the study analyses economic costs, environmental impact, and users’ well-being of the two cases and compares them ideally to a fictional case, which does not include ML but only traditional Facility Management (FM) procedures. In conclusion, the advantages of embracing innovation in FM through digital technologies are outlined. In particular, the potential will be discussed of predictive maintenance, and the prospective implications of real-time building management expanded at district and city scale.
Establishing a new housing cooperative sustainable accounting standard as a tool for increasing the sustainable refurbishment practices
Authors: Salaj A T , Bjørberg S , Mathisen C F , Akbarinejad T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A sustainable refurbishment is an important approach toward reaching the EU’s climate goals. Some challenges of transforming housing areas are few high-quality standards, lack of funding, and low residential interest. This paper aims to present the process of establishing the Sustainable Accounting Standard (SAS) project, led by the Housing Federation of Norway (NBBL), representing 41 cooperative housing associations with 1,186,000 members. Therefore, a need to develop a standardized process for evaluating the possibilities of sustainable refurbishment is in focus. A triangulating combination of literature review, survey, and interview is chosen. The literature review forms a theoretical basis within the field. The design and experiences of SAS are reflected through interviews with project participants from cooperative housing associations and a survey of residential board members from selected pilot projects. The project presents the findings from developing the SAS tool and various stakeholders. The SAS tool forms an improved process for sustainable development in housing co-operatives, addressing all aspects of sustainability, the early involvement of stakeholders, and the importance of residents’ participation. The SAS contributes to a smoother refurbishment process by properly prioritizing improved measures.