bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The strategy of Tukad Badung pollution control using QUAL2Kw and AHP
Authors: Ciawi Y , Padilla P M D , Yekti M I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tukad Badung is the major river flowing through Denpasar, the capital city of Bali Province, Indonesia. It is polluted by domestic dan industrial waste which is contributed by surrounding communities such as hotels, shopping area, animal husbandry, printing industries, tofu and tempeh industries industry, and housing area. This research aims to analyse the quality of the water and determine the best among options provided to overcome the pollution problem conducted by using two analytical programs, i.e. QUAL2Kw and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). According to the results of QUAL2Kw analysis, several parameters of water quality of Badung River did not meet the Indonesian standards of water quality stated in Regulation Number 82 the Year 2001 about Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control. The TSS reached 111.02 kg/day, the BOD reached 92.24 kg/day, and the COD reached 440.92 kg/day. Whereas the pollution load capacity is only 15.43 kg/day for TSS, 19.68 kg/day for BOD, and 7.45 kg/day for COD. This problem occurred was due to the home industries activities in the upstream part of the Badung River. The result of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) shows that “improving monitoring and supervision of waste disposal” has the highest composite weight value of 0.317. Among a series of solutions offered, this result suggests that the local government should take actions to impose the regulations on wastewater disposal to the river stream by surrounding communities especially the small and middle-size enterprises.
Engineering and Traffic Management Study for the Operation of the Makassar Elevated Toll Road
Authors: Kuku A I , Ramli M I , Rauf S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The development of the area, especially the city of Makassar, has a significant impact on traffic activities which causes traffic problems. For this reason, this study aims to see how much influence the operation of the Makassar elevated toll road has on the surrounding traffic, especially at the intersection of Jln. A.P. Pettarani - Jln. Boulevard and Jln A.P. Pettarani - Jln. Let. Jend. Hertasning. The data required in this study include surveys of traffic volume, vehicle speed, queue length, and geometric road data conducted on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Saturdays, and Sundays, with survey periods starting at 07.00 – 09.00, 12.00 – 14.00, and 16.00 – 18.00. Engineering studies in the form of traffic simulations using vision software. From the results of traffic simulations on Wednesday, there were three intersections with the most significant queue length occurring at 16.00-18.00, namely the Boulevard short of 273.85 meters on Wednesday and 222.71 meters on Saturday. The application of a traffic design with an alternative change in traffic signal time at the A.P. Pettarani-Boulevard interchange was reduced by 26.21 meters and 23.75 meters from the existing conditions on Wednesday and Saturday. And for the alternative application of changing the direction of traffic movement at the A.P. Pettarani – Let. Jend. Hertasning, the decrease in the length of vehicle queues on Boulevard short was 21.31 meters and 17.56 from the existing conditions on Wednesday and Saturday.
Analysis of the variables that contribute to self-organization for the management of family lands in the Yánesha Native Community Santa Rosa de Chuchurras, Pasco, Peru
Authors: Ríos Y , Ferrer J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This research analyzed the variables that contribute to self-organization within the general framework for analysing the sustainability of socioecological systems (SES). In our case study, a correlation analysis showed that 80% of the variables contribute to the self-organization of the community in relation to the key resource: family land. There was evidence of land use transition, initially dependent on agrosilvopastoral system, towards diverse economic activities and with it also the inclusion of informal norms (institutional bricolage). These changes stem from two circumstances that threaten community organization. The first is linked to the absence of legal recognition of family lands by the Peruvian State, despite the prioritization of family economic activities over collective actions. The second is the precarious road connectivity that makes exporting difficult, slowing down production and the quality of their supply. If these two circumstances were addressed through public policies: a) the emigration of the community’s younger population would be reduced; b) foreign investment would be attractive in this community; c) would increase the flow of energy and information between the community and its environment improving social capital and trust; and finally, d) uncertainty would be reduced, strengthening community self-organization.
Rainwater harvesting system as a strategy for adaptation on climate change: A review
Authors: Heidy Gabriela Ruiz Martínez , Jose Vladimir Cornejo Tueros 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the face of increasing water scarcity aggravated by climate change, the rainwater harvesting system is a technique that increases the water supply for various purposes. The objective of this research is to analyse the recent literature published on the rainwater collection system, for which the systematic review method was used. The main form of rainwater catchment are roofs, but the material used is important because it can affect the quality of the water. Some physicochemical parameters of rainwater may be within the standards for human consumption, but it is contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms, which represents a risk to public health if it is consumed without prior treatment, so it is mainly used for irrigation and flushing toilets. However, this system has been implemented mainly in rural areas to satisfy their basic needs, including human consumption, because these places do not have access to the central drinking water system. Given this scenario, treatment technologies are being developed that are easy to operate and maintain, such as solar disinfection and filtration for drinking water purposes. This study provides a global overview progress of research related to the rainwater harvesting system.
Prediction on The Maximum Lift Force of Twisted Clark Y Wind Turbine Blade With 30° Winglet Tip in Various Pitch Angles Using CFD Method
Authors: Arini Nu Rhahida , Muhammad Gilang , Pratilastiarso Joke , Tridianto Erik , Sumantri Bambang , Nugroho Setyo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The wind energy is one of the renewable energy which is extracted the most amongst other resources. However, the performance still required to be improved by modifying the wind turbine blade. In this study, the modification is employed at the tip of the blade using 30° winglet. The aim of this paper is to investigate numerically the lift of force of the modified Clark Y foil in various pitch angles and predict the pitch angle at which the maximum lift is found to be maximum. There are five pitch angle variations, and they are 0°, 12°, 22°, 32°, and 42°. 3D CFD models are used using OpenFOAM 8. From the results, it can be seen that the maximum lift force was achieved at the pitch angle variation of 32° with the value of 1.245 and the maximum drag force was achieved at the pitch angle variation of 22° with the value of 1.325. While the maximum C

l
/C

d
that represents aerodynamic efficiency was achieved at the variation of 12° with the value of 2.915.
Effects of Atmospheric Icing on Performance of Controlled Wind Turbine
Authors: Sahin M , Farsadi T 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIcing deteriorates the performance of wind turbine rotors by changing the blade airfoils’ shapes. It decreases the lift, increases the drag, and subsequently causes power production losses and load increase on turbines’ structures. In the present study, the effects of atmospheric icing on the performance of a controlled large-scale wind turbine is estimated through simulations. To achieve the target, the MS (Mustafa Sahin) Bladed Wind Turbine Simulation Model is used for the analyses of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW turbine with and without iced blades. Icing modeling is realized based on its main characteristics and its effects on blade aerodynamics. Turbine performance estimations are carried out at various uniform wind speeds between cut-in and cut-out wind speeds and are presented in terms of various turbine parameters such as power, thrust force, blade pitch angle, and rotor speed. Simulation evaluations show that even a light ice accretion along the blades varies the turbine characteristics and dynamics, changes the cut-in and rated wind speeds, and affects the aforementioned turbine parameters differently in the below and above rated regions.
Solar-Powered Refrigeration Systems for Kenya Sub-Counties Health facilities for COVID-19 Vaccines Storage; Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Prospects
Authors: Kaira John , Makadhimo Mwenda , George Adwek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The economic prosperity plus technological growth of each & every county depend heavily on energy security, and the energy availability portrays the quality of life in that country. Solar energy is an alternative energy source for cooling systems where power is costly, unreliable, and unsustainable—the main options for electrically-powered refrigeration systems available for several years; are our gas and kerosene-driven refrigerators. The solar refrigeration system was a promising advancement in the early 1980s, creating an alternative to absorption technology to cater to the cold chain requirements in off-grid areas. The main objective of this research is to determine the feasibility of solar-powered refrigeration systems for rural dispensaries, sub-counties health centers, and health posts in Kenya; this is in line with the current COVID-19 pandemic, which demands that the vaccine be supplied to the local populace. This article provides essential recommendations on the solar-powered refrigeration system and highlights some critical parameters for the successful implementation of solar-powered refrigeration units into vaccination programs in the future, including; The supply chain of the vaccines in the country, the current state of the health system at sub-county hospitals, areas of improvements, and the recommendations
Artificial neural network modeling of microwave-assisted heat pump drying process
Authors: Nguyen Duc Nam , Nguyen Viet Dung , Hang Tran Thi Thu , Le Kieu Hiep 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecently, microwave-assisted drying is an emerging drying technique that can help to accelerate the water removal process. In this paper, a microwave-assisted experimental drying study of carrot slides is presented. A microwave-assisted heat pump dryer is fabricated where the drying agent temperature, the supplied microwave power, and the circulative fan speed are easy to adjust. A series of 61 drying experiments is conducted with a range of drying temperature from 35 °C to 45 °C, a range of microwave power from 0 to 1.25 W/gram, and air velocity varied from 0.55 m/s to 1.70 m/s. The drying kinetics of the dehydration process is analyzed. Based on the obtained result, suitable intensive drying conditions for carrot slices are proposed. To extend the applicability of the experimental study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model of the drying process is developed. Instead of estimating the network for individual drying conditions in previous studies, the network is established for the entire range of drying conditions. The results indicate that the proposed ANN model predicts the microwave-assisted drying process adequately.
Assessing 3D printing processes as enablers of circular economy
Authors: Psihoyos Harry O. , Mouzakitis Yannis , Adamides Emmanuel D. , Lampeas George N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM), also popularly known as 3D Printing, refers to a group of manufacturing methods which are guided by a digital model and use incremental addition of material, usually in a layer-by-layer manner, for the fabrication of objects. Lately, AM is widely used in both industry and academia, exhibiting, among others, the advantages of flexibility and ability to produce on demand, with reduced cost, time and waste. This paper seeks to shed light on the contribution of 3D printing in the transition towards the objective of circular economy. Towards this end, we focus on three AM processes (Cold Spray, Direct Energy Deposition, and Powder Bed Fusion), and we review 27 distinct case studies in the laboratory as well as industrial settings, exploring their circularity based on the comprehensive 9R framework (recover, recycle, repurpose, remanufacture, refurbish, repair, reuse, reduce, rethink, refuse). Overall, the results provide a structured assessment of the degree of circularity, and identify the dominant “R” strategies employed by the specific methods of AM. They also reveal the positive impact, and the corresponding advantages, of 3D printing in the extension of product(s) life cycle, with respect to specific material and industry sectors.
Lighting products as part of the circular economy and strategies that affect it. A literature overview.
Authors: Grigoropoulos C J , Zerefos S C , Tsangrassoulis A , Doulos L T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In general, for the last 150 years, linear economy dominates the society. A model in which products are made from raw materials recovered from the environment, used, repaired, and finally disposed of in landfills. The environmental impact of the linear economy gave rise to the concept of the circular economy. This paper aims to provide a literature overview that presents ways that lighting products can participate in the circular economy, and define the role and effect that specific strategies have on the design, production, use and end-of-life of lighting products. In this new model of circular economy, lighting products participate with specific strategies that help reduce the waste that eventually leads to the environment and also to conserve natural resources. These strategies are R9=Recover, R8=Recycle, R7=Repurpose, R6=Remanufacture, R5=Refurbish, R4=Repair, R3=Reuse, R2=Reduce, R1=Rethink and R0=Refuse. In recent years, many manufacturing companies that design and manufacture lighting products in the initial design of their products now use circular economy strategies. Also, independent scholars, agree on the necessity of using circular economy, since its benefits can reduce the environmental impacts, energy, and emissions and finally to reduce or even eliminate the waste that eventually leads to the environment
The contribution of footpaths to the protection and utilization of the natural environment by using the VIKOR method for their ranking
Authors: Daoutis C , Kantartzis A , Stathi A , Arabatzis G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The numerous benefits, physical and mental, of hiking, trekking, and mountain climbing are well documented in literature. The preservation and thorough maintenance of hiking trails can have multiple impacts: apart from the protection of natural and cultural resources, trails can also make hiking more appealing and popular and lead to multifaceted development of local areas. However, human trampling may be the cause of soil compaction and erosion and may ultimately lead to trail and landscape degradation. For this reason, long distance trails should be better designed to minimize potential future problems and should be constantly monitored to ensure their viability. In the present paper, the VIKOR method was applied for the ranking of the hiking trails located in the Regional Unit of Thessaloniki, Greece, with a view to improving their technical characteristics in the future. The questionnaire included seven criteria (Start Elevation, Summit Elevation, Slope, Degree of Difficulty, Length, Hiking Time, Starting Point Distance from the City), which were rated and ranked by members of mountaineering clubs as to their importance in mountaineers’ routing decisions. The proposed trail rating approach can be a valuable tool for evaluating or improving the sustainability of existing or new trails in the region.
Evaluating Landslides’ triggering precipitation thresholds, in regions affected by wildfires, using public and open access data. The case of North Peloponnese, Greece
Authors: Nefros C , Loupasakis C , Kitsara G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Wildfires pose nowadays a serious threat for human societies as they significantly change the local environment and cause many fatalities around the world. Besides their direct catastrophic results on local ecosystems, they can also be responsible for the acceleration of other devastating phenomena, such as the landslides. This threat is rather critical for the Mediterranean area, where the number of the wildfires is expected to be significantly increased in the following decades, due to climate change. During this study, the impact of the wildfires, on the landslides’ activating mechanism is examined and analysed, through the evaluation of the trend of the landslides’ precipitation thresholds before and after the wildfire events occurred in North Peloponnese Greece, in 2000 and 2007. The determination of these thresholds in a local scale, is a rather critical process for the effectiveness of early warning systems, that can be applied in case of a potential landslide’s activation, to the nearby cities. As, it is revealed, the relevant intensity – duration (ID) precipitation thresholds in the study area, have been declined after some wildfire events, showing that the vulnerability of the area to landslides, has been relatively increased. Thus, the evaluation of the landslides’ precipitation thresholds emerges as a dynamic process and the need for an urgent thresholds’ update after a wildfire event, is highlighted. In that direction the followed process, was conducted by using public data or open access data. Thus, the applicability of these open access tools and platforms, after a wildfire, on the regular and direct update of these thresholds is underlined.
Strategy of integrated refurbishment of post-war housing stock in Serbia using exoskeletons
Authors: Levic B , Djukanovic Lj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The functional and architectural obsolescence of the post-war multi-family housing stock, and high energy consumption of the buildings, are characteristics that require complex and integrated renovation. The research problem is the high energy consumption for heating the existing multi-family residential buildings built in the period 1946-1970. Those buildings are one quarter of the total multifamily housing stock of Serbia. The approach of renovating existing buildings by adding exoskeletons has its functional advantages that set it apart as one of the more significant approaches to complex building renovation. The subject of the research includes the analysis of the application of the exoskeleton addition strategy to existing multi-family buildings in order to achieve high energy efficiency of buildings and increase the space of residential units, and improve vertical communications of buildings. The aim of the research is to examine the advantages of the approach to integrated improvement of existing building by applying the strategy of exoskeleton addition, which includes energy, spatial and functional improvement of the existing building. The paper will define the methodological procedure of exoskeleton application from the initial idea, identification of the research problem, strategy of its application, to the results that can be achieved by such a procedure.
Environmental and Ecological Approach in the Restoration of Historical Monuments
Authors: Al Adgham S. , Saba M. , Sabalbal G. , Arairo W. , Absi J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Architectural heritage preservation requires more attention to save historical monuments as it protects the distinctiveness of the country. However, large portions of construction and demolition waste come from the renovation sector. As such, the need for eco-friendly materials is a necessity to decreasing the environmental impact of renovation processes such as the carbon footprint and global warming. The study aims to use geopolymeric paste as a potential alternative for renovating architectural elements in Al-Attar Mosque, Tripoli, instead of cementitious materials that impact the environment. The mix design of the geopolymer paste consists of metakaolin and sodium-based alkaline solution. The paste is used to bind very old sandstone rocks provided by the historic mosque. The mechanical properties of the natural sandstone were tested with and without geopolymeric paste in different cutting conditions. In most of the samples, the cracking occurred in the stone itself and not in the geopolymer binder. This behaviour proved that the geopolymer binder is a good alternative to be used in renovating the wall, holding good mechanical properties. As such, it proved that it has good potential to be used in historical monuments. It is also an environmentally friendly material, with a lower carbon footprint than concrete.
Assessing the construction and demolition waste volume for a typical Mediterranean residential building
Authors: Karanafti A , Tsikaloudaki K , Theodosiou T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) effective management is of vital importance, especially regarding the climate-neutral economy target set for 2050. The common practice of landfilling them during the past decades and ignoring the environmental impacts is now obsolete, with countries around the world adopting national regulations for their proper treatment. The lack of data on the CDW volume produced every year both in the European region and at the Greek national level is evident, in contrast with Asian or American regions, and introduces a great uncertainty in the field. This study aims at estimating the CDW quantities produced by a typical multi-storey residential building in Greece, built in the mid-20th century, made of reinforced concrete and filling masonry walls. The subsidized renovation programs by the European Union, which have a great impact on the Greek domain, are also considered, so two renovation procedures are considered during the building’s lifespan, resulting in an extended lifetime of the building along with additional CDW quantities produced on each renovation procedure. Challenges regarding the disposal, recycling and reuse potential and alternatives of the distinct CDW types produced are presented, based on the international literature available data.