bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Coati Deep Convolutional Neural Network-based Oral Cancer Diagnosis in Histopathological Images for Clinical Applications
Authors: R Dharani 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Oral cancer is common cancer that appears in the mouth, posing a significant threat to public health due to its high mortality rate. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent type of oral cancer, accounting for most cases, and it holds the seventh position among all types of cancers worldwide. Detecting OSCC early on is crucial to increase the chances of successful treatment and improve patients' survival rates. However, traditional diagnosis methods such as biopsy, where small tissue samples are extracted from the affected area and tested under a microscope, are time-consuming and require expert analysis. Moreover, due to the heterogeneity of OSCC, accurate diagnosis is challenging, and there is a need for alternative approaches to enhance the detection result of OSCC images. Therefore, this work develops two new approaches for segmenting and identifying OSCC with deep learning techniques named Mask Mean Shift CNN, named MMShift-CNN. The proposed MMShift-CNN approach attained the highest results in segmenting the OSCC region from the input image by retrieving color, texture, and shape features. The novel proposed method attained better performance with accuracy, F-measure, MSE, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.9883, 0.9883, 0.0117, 0.999, 0.9867, and 0.99, respectively. These results reveal the efficiency of the proposed approach in accurately detecting oral cancer and potentially improving the efficiency of oral cancer diagnosis.
Patients’ experiences undergoing breast evaluation in Rwanda’s Women’s Cancer Early Detection Program
Authors: Pace Lydia , Fata Amanda , Cubaka Vincent K , Nsemgiyumva Theophile , Uwihaye Jean de Dieu , Stauber Catherine , Dusengimana Jean-Marie Vianney , Bhangdia Kayleigh , Shulman Lawrence N. , Revette Anna , Hagenimana Marc , Uwinkindi Francois , Rwamuza Enock 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
There is urgent need for interventions to facilitate earlier diagnosis of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries where mammography screening is not widely available. Understanding patients’ experiences with early detection efforts, whether they are ultimately diagnosed with cancer or benign disease, is critical to optimize interventions and maximize community engagement. We sought to understand the experiences of patients undergoing breast evaluation in Rwanda’s Women’s Cancer Early Detection Program (WCEDP).
Methods
We conducted in-person semi-structured interviews with 30 patients in two districts of Rwanda participating in the WCEDP. Patients represented a range of ages and both benign and malignant diagnoses. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated, and thematically analyzed.
Results
Participants identified facilitators and barriers of timely care along the breast evaluation pathway. Community awareness initiatives were facilitators to care-seeking, while persistent myths and stigma about cancer were barriers. Participants valued clear clinician-patient communication and emotional support from clinicians and peers. Poverty was a major barrier for participants who described difficulty paying for transport, insurance premiums, and other direct and indirect costs of hospital referrals in particular. COVID-19 lockdowns caused delays for referred patients. Although false-positive clinical breast exams conferred financial and emotional burdens, participants nonetheless voiced appreciation for their experience and felt empowered to monitor their own breast health and share knowledge with others.
Conclusion
Rwandan women experienced both benefits and burdens as they underwent breast evaluation. Enthusiasm for participation was not reduced by the experience of a false positive result. Reducing financial, logistical and emotional burdens of the breast diagnostic pathway through patient navigation, peer support and decentralization of diagnostic services could improve patients’ experience.
Psychosocial Assessment Practices for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A National Survey Study
Authors: Wiener Lori , Sannes Timothy , Randall Jill , Lahijani Sheila , Applebaum Allison , Gray Tamryn , McAndrew Natalie , Brewer Benjamin , Amonoo Hermioni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Psychosocial health predicts and contributes to medical outcomes for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Yet, there are no standards for psychosocial assessments or support for both patients and caregivers across the care continuum. To examine the current state of psychosocial care, clinicians were sent a survey of their psychosocial assessment practices for patients and caregivers undergoing HSCT via the Listservs of professional organizations. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were performed to summarize the findings. While 96% of participants reported routine pre-HSCT psychosocial assessment of patients, only 10.6% routinely used a validated transplant risk-assessment measure. Just 27% routinely performed follow-up psychosocial assessments. In contrast, only 47% of participants routinely assessed the psychosocial needs of family caregivers pre-HSCT, and 13% routinely performed follow-up assessments for caregivers. Most (90%) reported social workers were the primary providers of assessments. While patient-report measures were used for evaluation, the majority of assessments were clinical interviews. No significant differences were found between programs that treated adult and pediatric patients versus those only treating adult patients. Our findings highlight the lack of standard psychosocial practices for patients and family caregivers undergoing HSCT and we offer recommendations to fill this gap.
The effect of Froriepia subpinnata on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system, microbial population, intestinal morphology, and breast meat fatty acid content of broiler chickens
Authors: Rostampour Babak , Chamani Mohammad , Seidavi Alireza , Zarei Abolfazl , Karimi Naser 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of F. subpinnatapowder (FSP) on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system, microbial population, intestinal morphology, and percentage of fatty acids in the breast meat of broiler chickens. To conduct the experiment, 300 day-old male chickens from the ROSS 308 strain were used in the form of a completely random design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates, with each replicate containing 15 chickens. The experimental treatments were, respectively: 1) control with base diet (without additives), 2) base diet + 1% FSP, 3) base diet + 2% FSP, and 4) base diet + 3% FSP. The results showed that the feed intake and weight gain increased in the treatments containing 2% and 3% FSP when compared to the control (P<0.05). Cholesterol and ALT levels in the treatment containing 3% FSP were lower that the control (P<0.05), while the concentration of glutathione peroxidase enzyme in the treatment containing 3% FSP significantly increased (P<0.05). Thymus weight and antibodies produced against AIV in all three levels of FSP increased significantly compared to the control (P<0.05). The population of lactobacilli and coliforms in the treatments containing FSP increased and decreased significantly compared to the control (P<0.05). The length and width of the intestinal villi of the chickens that were fed with 3% of FSP had a significant increase compared to the control (P<0.05). The percentage of saturated fatty acids in the breast decreased significantly with the consumption of all three levels of FSP (P<0.001). In general, the results showed that the use of 3% FSP in the broiler diet increased the efficiency of growth performance and enzyme activity, while strengthening the immune system, favourably altering the intestinal microbial population, and reducing the fat in breast meat.
Association and causal impact of TERT genetic variants on peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length and cerebral small vessel disease risk in a Chinese Han population: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Song Ying , Xu Jialiang , Geng Wanru , Yin Long , Wang Jialu , Zhao Jiuhan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous observational studies have highlighted potential relationships between the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, short leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and cerebrovascular disease. However, it remains to be established as to whether TERT gene variants are associated with an elevated risk of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), and whether there is a causal relationship between LTL and CSVD.
Methods
Five TERT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed in 307 CSVD patients and 320 healthy controls in whom LTL values were quantified. Allele models and four genetic models were used to explore the relationship between these SNP genotypes and CSVD risk. A Mendelian randomization analysis of CSVD risk was then performed using LTL-related SNPs and the polygenic risk score (PRS) constructed from these SNPs as genetic instrumental variables to predict the causal relationship between LTL and CSVD risk.
Results
Model association analyses identified two SNPs that were significantly associated with CSVD risk. LTL was significantly correlated with age (P < 0.001), and the MR analysis revealed an association between short LTL and an elevated risk of CSVD. PRS-based genetic prediction of short LTLs was also significantly related to an elevated CSVD risk.
Conclusion
Multiple genetic models and MR results indicate that TERT gene SNPs may be related to an elevated risk of CSVD, and that shorter LTL may be causally linked to such CSVD risk.
Frequency of Social Withdrawal and Avoidance Behaviour in the Global South: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mahadevan Sangeetha , Shamli Siham Al , Kharusi Nutaila Al , Sumri Hana Al , Ajmi Tahara Al , Chan Moon Fai , Abdali Hiba Al , Busaidi Saoud Al , Sibani Nasser Al , Adawi Samir Al 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Social withdrawal and avoidance (SWA) have been studied extensively. However, there is a lack of research on the subtypes of SWA in the Global South. The present review aimed to investigate how common SWA is in the Global South.
METHODS: Adhering to the standards of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and included all articles that were published or in the press as of August 1, 2022. Once the evaluation of the articles was completed using the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, the random–effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of social anxiety disorders using specific diagnostic tools.
RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 29 articles on the only subtype of SWA that yielded the most meaningful results: social anxiety disorders (SADs). Social Phobia Inventory (n= 7669), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (n=7352), Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders scale (n= 1178) and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (n= 7777) indicated a pooled prevalence rate of 24.79% (95% CI: 20.46% - 29.39%), 24.60% (95% CI 16.65% -33.52%), 17.15% (95% CI: 11.78%–23.29%) and 10.77% (95% CI: 5.31%–17.87%), respectively. The pooled prevalence of SADs assessed using a semi-structured interview yielded a prevalence estimate of 5.84% (n = 3951).
LIMITATION: The lack of studies on other types of SWA.
CONCLUSION: The present critical evaluation in the global south found studies with data on SAD. Future research in the global south would need to work to improve the availability and quality of studies reporting on the SWA spectrum.
Microkinetic Study of Syngas Conversion to Dimethyl Ether over a Bifunctional Catalyst: CZA/FER
Authors: Cho Jiyeong , Park Jongmin , Bae Jong Wook , Park Myung-June , Na Jonggeol , Lee Won Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dimethyl ether (DME) is an environmentally friendly fuel and economical compound that can be synthesized through methanol (MeOH) dehydration or direct synthesis from syngas via the water-gas shift reaction. Catalysts such as CZA for syngas conversion to MeOH and zeolites or γ-Al2O3 for MeOH dehydration are necessary for these reactions. A hybrid catalyst, CZA/FER, can be used to directly convert syngas into DME via MeOH. While previous studies have developed kinetic models for these catalytic reaction systems using lumped or microkinetic models, differences in describing elementary reactions have led to variations in detail. In this study, we developed a microkinetic model for DME synthesis from syngas via MeOH over a CZA/FER hybrid bifunctional catalyst. We considered detailed reaction rates and site fractions to determine the dominance of DME synthesis path between the associative and dissociative paths. The model is based on a two-site fraction model for each catalyst, with 28 reactions over CZA and nine reactions over FER. Reaction parameters were determined using transition state theory (TST) and the UBI-QEP method for CZA and the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) for FER The pre-exponential factors of Arrhenius rate constants were estimated with experimental data at 250 ℃, which supported the model's accuracy. Our results showed that the associative pathway is dominant for DME synthesis over a CZA/FER hybrid catalyst, which differs from our previous research on microkinetic modeling for MeOH dehydration to DME over a FER zeolite. We also suggest an operating condition range for converting CO2 in the feed. We compare the relative reaction rates of elementary reactions and site fractions in each catalyst to enhance the understanding of the catalytic reaction system.
Determination of frequency of Type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism (rs225014) in 131I-treated differentiated thyroid cancer patients undertaking L-Thyroxine (L-T4) suppression therapy.
Authors: Gawandi Smita , J Kumarasamy , Kulkarni Savita 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) enzyme plays vital role in peripheral T4 to T3 conversion and regulation of TSH secretion. rs225014 is a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) which is known to reduce DIO2 activity. The differentiated thyroid cancer patients (DTC) are given L-T4 therapy after total thyroidectomy and 131I-treatment to suppress TSH levels. This study was undertaken to determine the frequency of rs225014 in DTC patients and its effect on the thyroid function parameters and L-T4 dose.
Methods: The study included DTC patients undertaking L-T4 and a control group. Thyroid function tests were estimated by RIA/IRMA and rs225014 SNP was detected by PCR.
Results: The frequency of Thr/Thr (wildtype), Thr/Ala (heterozygous mutant) and Ala/Ala (homozygous mutant) genotypes in the DTC patients was 0.21, 0.52 and 0.27 respectively. There was no association between rs225014 and DTC. T3 levels and T3/T4 ratio were significantly low in the DTC patients harbouring Ala/Ala genotype which indicated impaired DIO2 catalysed T4 to T3 conversion. L-T4 dose required to suppress TSH in the DTC patients with Ala/Ala genotype was marginally higher when compared with wild type genotype.
Conclusion: The results indicated that DTC patients carrying rs225014 SNP may require higher L-T4 dose to suppress TSH levels due to impaired T4 to T3 conversion in the absence of any other compensatory mechanisms. The screening for rs225014 in the DTC patients showing reduced response to TSH suppression would enable quicker decision-making in the implementation of personalized L-T4 dose and save the patients from development of any adverse effects.
Application of 3D scanner to measure physical size and improvement of hip brace manufacturing technology in severe cerebral palsy patients
Authors: Kim Jung-Min , Lim Ji-Woon , Choi Sun-Young , Rhim Sung-Han , Beom Jaewon , Ryu Ju-Seok 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This prospective pilot study aimed to develop a personalized hip brace for treating hip subluxation in children with cerebral palsy. Nineteen children, aged 1 to 15, with severe cerebral palsy participated in the study. Customized hip braces were created based on 3D scanner measurements and worn for seven days. The primary outcome, Hip Migration Index (MI), and secondary outcomes, including range of motion (ROM) in the hip and knee joints, pain intensity, satisfaction, discomfort scores, CPCHILD, and wearability test, were assessed. The MI and ROM were assessed at screening and at Visit 1 (when the new hip brace was first worn), while other indicators were evaluated at screening, Visit 1, and Visit 2 (seven days after wearing the new hip brace). The study demonstrated significant improvements in the MI for the right hip, left hip, and both sides. However, there were no statistically significant differences in hip and knee joint ROM. Other indicators showed significant changes between screening, Visit 1, and Visit 2. The study suggests that customized hip braces effectively achieved immediate correction, positively impacting the quality of life and satisfaction in children with cerebral palsy. Furthermore, the braces have the potential to enhance compliance and prevent hip subluxation.
Analysis of image data from the EuroNet PHL-C2 trial indicates a potential reduction in injected F-18 FDG activities in children: A proposal to update the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card
Authors: Tran-Gia Johannes , Eberlein Uta , Lassmann Michael , Mauz-Körholz Christine , Körholz Dieter , Zuccetta Pietro , Bar-Sever Zvi , Rosner Ute , Georgi Thomas Walter , Sabri Osama , Kluge Regine , Piccardo Arnoldo , Kurch Lars 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The aim of this work is to provide the currently missing evidence that may allow an update of the Paediatric Dosage Card provided by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) for conventional PET/CT systems.
Methods: In a total of 2,082 consecutive [18F]FDG PET scans performed within the EuroNet-PHL-C2 trial, the administered [18F]FDG activity was compared to the activity recommended by the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card. None of these scans had been rejected beforehand by the reference nuclear medicine panel of the trial because of poor image quality. For detailed quality assessment, a subset of 91 [18F]FDG PET scans, all performed in different patients at staging, was selected according to pre-defined criteria, which a) included only patients who had received substantially lower activities than those recommended by the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card, and b) included as wide a range of different PET systems and imaging parameters as possible to ensure that the conclusions drawn in this work are as generally valid as possible. The image quality of the subset was evaluated visually by two independent readers using a quality scoring system as well as analytically based on a volume-of-interest analysis in 244 lesions and the healthy liver. Finally, recommendations for an update of the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card were derived based on the available data.
Results:
The activity recommended by the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card was undercut by a median of 99.4 MBq in 1,960 [18F]FDG PET scans and exceeded by a median of 15.1 MBq in 119 scans. In the subset analysis (n=91), all image data were visually classified as clinically useful. In addition, only a very weak correlation (r = 0.06) between activity reduction and tumour-to-background ratio was found. Due to the intended heterogeneity of the dataset, the noise could not be analysed statistically sound as the high range of different imaging variables resulted in very small subsets. Finally, a suggestion for an update of the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card was developed, based on the analysis presented, resulting in a mean activity reduction by 39%.
Conclusion:
The results of this work allow for a conservative update of the EANM Paediatric Dosage Card for [18F]FDG PET/CT scans performed with conventional PET/CT systems.
Assessment of pathogen removal efficiency of vertical flow constructed wetland treating Septage
Authors: Singh Swati , Upadhyay Sweta , Rani Anju , Sharma Pradeep Kumar , Rawat Janhvi Mishra , Rawat Balwant , Kumar Prashant , Bhattacharya Prosun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A laboratory-scale Constructed Wetland (CW) system consisting of a sludge drying bed and a vertical flow wetland bed was utilized for the treatment of septage, focusing on the reduction of microbial contamination (specifically total coliforms) and helminth eggs. The system had a total area of 0.99 m2. The sludge drying bed and vertical flow bed were filled with a combination of gravel with varying sizes (ranging from 5 to 40 mm) and washed sand. Canna indica plants were cultivated on both beds to facilitate phytoremediation processes. The average inlet loads of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were measured as 150 ± 65.7 g m-2 d-1, 713 ± 443.9 g m-2 d-1, and 309 ± 66.3 g m-2 d-1, respectively. After treatment, the final effluent had an average load of 6 g m-2 d-1 for BOD, 15 g m-2 d-1 for COD, and 51 g m-2 d-1 for TSS, indicating that the CW system achieved an average removal efficiency of 88% for BOD, 87% for COD, and 65% for TSS in the septage wastewater. The average influent load of total coliforms and helminth eggs was observed to be 4 x 108 Colony-Forming Units (CFU) m-2 d-1 and 3 x 107 eggs m-2 d-1, respectively. However, the CW system demonstrated significant effectiveness in reducing microbial contamination, with an average removal efficiency of 99% for both total coliforms and helminth eggs. As a result, the total coliform and helminth egg loads in the effluent were reduced to 9 x 105 CFU m-2 d-1 and 1.6 x 104 eggs m-2 d-1, respectively.
Effect of acupuncture combined with medication therapy on Chemotherapy-induced taste disorder: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haoran , Song Wenjing , Zhu Luwen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chemotherapy-induced taste disorders (CITDs) are frequently reported by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Chemotherapy-induced taste disorder is a common adverse effect among patients with cancer,The data suggest that acupuncture or medication may improve symptoms.We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of acupuncture combined with medication in patients with Chemotherapy-induced taste disorder.
Methods
The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China Knowledge Network, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and the Wanfang Database will be used for data collection. The inclusion period is from the establishment of the databases till May 2023, and there are no language restrictions. All articles on the effects of acupuncture combined with medication on patients with Chemotherapy-induced taste disorder will be included. Two researchers will review the articles and extract relevant information.
Results
This study will provide a systematic overview of the current evidence regarding the use of acupuncture combined with medication in patients with Chemotherapy-induced taste disorder.
Conclusion
The results of this study will help to clarify the efficacy of acupuncture combined with medication in patients with Chemotherapy-induced taste disorder.