bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Egg predators improve the hatching success of salamander eggs
Authors: Takahashi Mizuki K. , Ruszala Dominique 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA common challenge that oviparous animals face is securing survivorship during the vulnerable embryonic stage. One of the parental investment strategies to improve survivorship is providing physical structures to protect the embryos. In amphibians, there is a notable diversity in jelly‐layer structures surrounding eggs. Previous studies show that these jelly layers provide eggs with protection against egg predators, egg pathogens, and desiccation. However, few studies examined the cost–benefit relationship of the jelly‐layer structures. By using the predator–prey interaction between wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles and spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) eggs as a model system, we tested three hypotheses: (1) having the outer jelly layers would be costly to the embryos, (2) the relative benefit of the structural egg defense would become apparent and increase as the intensity of egg predation increases, and (3) a certain degree of predation would increase the hatching success of salamander embryos by mechanically thinning the thick outer jelly layers and increasing oxygen diffusion throughout an egg mass. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a factorial experiment in which we crossed four egg‐predation levels with two jelly‐layer conditions, intact or removed. We found that the jelly layers were essential in protecting spotted salamander embryos from wood frog tadpoles but that the associated cost was apparent in no‐predation treatments. The differential survivorship between intact eggs and eggs without jelly layers showed that the fitness advantage of jelly layers increased as the level of predation increased. Finally, the hatching success of intact egg masses was highest under the high predation conditions. These results imply that the evolution of the jelly‐layer thickness occurred under constant egg‐predation pressure. Given this predator–prey coevolution, egg predators may play a critical role in improving the hatching success of salamander embryos under certain conditions.
Development of capacitive seating analysis sensor using conductive textile for the evaluation of seating motion
Authors: Kurosaki Hirofumi , Shirahata Hiromu , Kawahara Junya , Kondo Yasuhito , Kondo Ken , Lee Bumsuk , Odagaki Masato 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we developed a capacitive seating analysis sensor using a conductive textile for evaluating a Seating Motion. Physical burden on caregivers is a common problem at nursing care sites. Developing long‐term caregiving skills can help reduce the physical burden on amateur caregivers. Several quantitative evaluation studies have focused on the skills of caregivers. However, such evaluation is highly expensive and require huge area because it involves the use of motion capture systems with several 3D cameras for dynamic motion analysis. In our previous study, we developed a conductive textile sensor for measuring the seating position of a care recipient in a wheelchair. The sensor could measure either seating body pressure or distance between the buttocks and the seat. The system can measure the care recipient's motion without requiring any motion capture system. We recommend using the sensor to evaluate the skills of caregivers; the sensor output can be used to determine the seating speed of the care recipient on the chair. Herein, we report the validity of the measurement system comprising a conductive textile–based capacitive seating analysis sensor for evaluating seating in nursing care.
VIMT of non‐minimum phase system by using initial control signal
Authors: Suzuki Motoya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, input‐oriented virtual internal model tuning (VIMT) is expanded to non‐minimum phase systems. Proposed method can tune the feedback controller and the desired transfer function. Compared to Fictitious Reference Iterative Tuning (FRIT), the proposed method can realize good controllers even when the time constant of the desired transfer function is small. The validity of the proposed method is verified via numerical simulation.
Serum uric acid to high‐density lipoprotein ratio as a novel indicator of inflammation is correlated with the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome: A large‐scale study
Authors: Kolahi Ahari Rana , Mansoori Amin , Sahranavard Toktam , Miri Monireh Sadat , Feizi Sara , Esmaily Habibollah , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the association of serum uric acid to high‐density lipoprotein ratio (UHR) with the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among MASHAD cohort participants.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, the cohort participants were divided into MetS (+) and MetS (−) groups. MetS (+) were classified into Group 1 (those with 3 MetS criteria), Group 2 (those with 4 MetS criteria) and Group 3 (those with 5 MetS criteria). UHR was compared among the groups.ResultsData related to 9637 subjects including 3824 MetS (+) and 5813 MetS (−) were analysed. The mean UHR was significantly higher (p < .001) in the MetS (+) group compared with the MetS (−) group. UHR increased as the MetS severity increased (p < .001). ROC analysis revealed that UHR greater than 9.5% has 89.07% sensitivity and 77.03% specificity in differentiating MetS (−) from MetS (+) subjects.ConclusionAmong MASHAD cohort study participants, a significant association between UHR and MetS was found. Furthermore, there is an increase in UHR as the severity of MetS increases. Registration number of MASHAD cohort study: 85134.
Air‐Induced Hydroxyphosphorylation of α‐Trifluoromethyl Styrenes with H‐Phosphonates and H‐Phosphine Oxides
Authors: He Jingjing , Sun Zhudi , Deng Yupian , Liu Ying , Zheng Pai , Zhang Xuxue , Cao Song 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEfficient synthesis of β‐hydroxy‐β‐CF3‐phosphonates and β‐hydroxy‐β‐CF3‐phosphine oxides by Mn‐mediated or transition‐metal‐free hydroxyphosphorylation of α‐trifluoromethy)styrenes with H‐phosphonates or H‐phosphine oxides with the assistance of air, respectively, was described.
Annulation via Ring Opening/Cyclization of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclobutanes with 2‐Naphthols: Access to Highly Functionalized Naphthalene‐Fused Oxepines
Authors: Wen Yongshun , Liu Meizhen , Chen Zuliang , Wei Yingjing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA mild and straightforward access to various substituted naphthalene‐fused oxepines from readily available Donor‐Acceptor (D‐A) cyclobutanes is reported. This method involves the Lewis acid‐catalyzed reactions of D‐A cyclobutanes with 2‐naphthols to afford ring‐opened products, which can undergo intramolecular cyclization mediated by the NBS‐base system to yield corresponding naphthalene‐fused oxepines. The cyclization protocol involves a nucleophilic attack of the oxygen of 2‐naphthol on the newly formed electrophilic acceptor end of D‐A cyclobutane.
Capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics: Advances and applications in the period March 2021 to March 2023
Authors: Domínguez‐Rodríguez Gloria , Montero Lidia , Herrero Miguel , Cifuentes Alejandro , Castro‐Puyana María 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work presents a revision of the main applications of capillary electromigration (CE) methods in food analysis and Foodomics. Papers that were published during the period March 2021 to March 2023 are included. The work shows the multiple CE methods that have been developed and applied to analyze different types of molecules in foods and beverages. Namely, CE methods have been applied to analyze amino acids, biogenic amines, heterocyclic amines, peptides, proteins, phenols, polyphenols, pigments, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, DNAs, contaminants, toxins, pesticides, additives, residues, small organic and inorganic compounds, and other minor compounds. In addition, new CE procedures to perform chiral separation and for evaluating the effects of food processing as well as the last developments of microchip CE and new applications in Foodomics will be also discussed. The new procedures of CE to investigate food quality and safety, nutritional value, storage, and bioactivity are also included in the present review work.
Meta‐omics assisted microbial gene and strain resources mining in contaminant environment
Authors: Huang Yiqun , Hu Haiyang , Zhang Tingting , Wang Weiwei , Liu Wenzhao , Tang Hongzhi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuman activities have led to the release of various environmental pollutants, triggering ecological challenges. In situ, microbial communities in these contaminated environments are usually assumed to possess the potential capacity of pollutant degradation. However, the majority of genes and microorganisms in these environments remain uncharacterized and uncultured. The advent of meta‐omics provided culture‐independent solutions for exploring the functional genes and microorganisms within complex microbial communities. In this review, we highlight the applications and methodologies of meta‐omics in uncovering of genes and microbes from contaminated environments. These findings may assist in future bioremediation research.
Learn when a school official's personal observations are considered education records
Authors: Lyerly Eric 
Published: August 2023

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act generally prohibits a college or university from disclosing personally identifiable information in a student's education record to a third party without consent. However, in an April 2023 guidance document, the Student Privacy Policy Office explained that “information that a school official obtains through personal knowledge or observation . . . is generally not protected by FERPA's limitations on the disclosure of education records, even if that information is also contained in an education record.” (Student Privacy Policy Office, Guidance for School Officials on Student Health Records (April 12, 2023)
An experience in the implementation of the flipped classroom instructional model in the computer science degree
Authors: Aldalur Iñigo , Markiegi Urtzi , Iturbe Mikel , Roman Ibai , Illarramendi Miren 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, education has undergone a profound transformation process, having gone from relying only on the traditional lecture to making full use of digital formats. This gradual process, accelerated by the COVID‐19 pandemic in the last years, has triggered innovative changes in the educational process. Within this context, many lecturers have adopted the flipped classroom instructional model, aiming to improve the motivation and involvement of the students. In this model, students must acquire certain theoretical knowledge at home, and the classes, with the help of the lecturer, are used for the more practical part. This article presents the results obtained when the flipped classroom model was implemented in the computer science degree. Specifically, during 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 courses, this instructional model was assessed in 15 subjects. Results show that the flipped classroom instructional model can be stated that it has improved the students' perception of the learning experience, students' dedication and engagement has been improved, students' perception of their understanding of the subject has improved. The faculty considers that the teaching experience has improved and is in favor of continuing with the experience in future courses.
Characterization of an active landslide structure with integrated electrical resistivity tomography and multi‐channel analysis of surface waves methods in Değirmendere district, Sakarya (Türkiye)
Authors: Karaaslan Hasan , Silahtar Ali , Ramazanoglu Sefik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLandslides following the development of slope instability can have serious consequences. Geophysical surveys have potential to aid in the understanding of landslides and their instability. This study described a landslide that occurred under particular geomorphological and meteorological conditions in Erenler (Sakarya, NW Türkiye) using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and multi‐channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) surveys and mechanical drillings. Data showed that the landslide is characterized by downslope movement of an altered clay unit over a claystone unit. The traditional landslide model used to interpret geoelectric data involves sliding of a relatively low‐resistivity material over higher resistivity bedrock. Here, the ERT survey showed a relatively high‐resistivity sliding material moving over relatively low‐resistivity bedrock units corresponding to the claystone unit. The relatively lower resistivity of the whole study area was related to the clay‐rich materials detected in the boreholes. This low‐resistivity unit was detected at high velocity in the MASW section, and it was understood that this layer was a compact structure acting like bedrock. The detected slip surfaces, landslide scars and slip surface toe indicate that the movement character of the landslide is retrogressive. The study results showed that the integrated and comparative use of different geophysical methods effectively reduces interpretation uncertainties and potential errors and leads to much better landslide characterization.
Enhanced energy density of quasi‐solid‐state supercapacitor based on activated carbon electrode derived from honeycomb and gel polymer electrolyte with redox‐additive methylene blue
Authors: Singh Manoj K. , Sharma Atul Kumar , Chaurasia Sujeet Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIncorporation of redox nature at the electrode‐electrolyte interface is of the current research approach for enhancing the specific capacity as well the energy density of the carbon supercapacitor. In the present studies, symmetric carbon supercapacitor cells are fabricated by using gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with and without addition of redox‐additive (MB) and activated carbon (AC) extracted from natural bio‐waste honeycomb (HCAC). The redox‐additive polymeric electrolyte offers high room temperature ionic conductivity (σRT ~ 2.3 × 10−3 S cm−1) and electrochemical stability window of ~1.4 V on the addition of 0.1 g of MB. The HC‐based activated carbon (HCAC) offers high surface area ~ 586 m2 g−1 and dominant meso‐porosity. The performance optimization of the supercapacitor cells are examined by using cyclic voltammetry, charge‐discharge (CD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The supercapacitor with redox‐additive GPE shows the electric double layer features along with faradaic reaction at the electrode‐electrolyte interface, which offers high capacitance ~114 F g−1 and specific energy ~7.76 Wh kg−1 at a power density 0.49 kW kg−1, which is almost ~2.5 times higher than the supercapacitor cell without redox‐additive GPE. Furthermore, the supercapacitor cell with 0.1 g MB redox‐additive based electrolyte shows almost stable capacitance up to 10 000 CD cycles with ~36% initial fading.
Adapting Neutralizing Antibodies to Viral Variants by Structure‐Guided Affinity Maturation Using Phage Display Technology
Authors: Peissert Frederik , Pedotti Mattia , Corbellari Riccardo , Simonelli Luca , De Gasparo Raoul , Tamagnini Elia , Plüss Louis , Elsayed Abdullah , Matasci Mattia , De Luca Roberto , Cassaniti Irene , Sammartino Jose’ Camilla , Piralla Antonio , Baldanti Fausto , Neri Dario , Varani Luca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeutralizing monoclonal antibodies have achieved great efficacy and safety for the treatment of numerous infectious diseases. However, their neutralization potency is often rapidly lost when the target antigen mutates. Instead of isolating new antibodies each time a pathogen variant arises, it can be attractive to adapt existing antibodies, making them active against the new variant. Potential benefits of this approach include reduced development time, cost, and regulatory burden. Here a methodology is described to rapidly evolve neutralizing antibodies of proven activity, improving their function against new pathogen variants without losing efficacy against previous ones. The reported procedure is based on structure‐guided affinity maturation using combinatorial mutagenesis and phage display technology. Its use against the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is demonstrated, but it is suitable for any other pathogen. As proof of concept, the method is applied to CoV‐X2, a human bispecific antibody that binds with high affinity to the early SARS‐CoV‐2 variants but lost neutralization potency against Delta. Antibodies emerging from the affinity maturation selection exhibit significantly improved neutralization potency against Delta and no loss of efficacy against the other viral sequences tested. These results illustrate the potential application of structure‐guided affinity maturation in facilitating the rapid adaptation of neutralizing antibodies to pathogen variants.
Association between gene expression and functional‐metabolic architecture in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Zang Zhenxiang , Zhang Xiaolong , Song Tianbin , Li Jiping , Nie Binbin , Mei Shanshan , Hu Zhi'an , Zhang Yuqing , Lu Jie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGene expression plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). How gene expression profiles are correlated with functional‐metabolic architecture remains obscure. We enrolled 34 PD patients and 25 age‐and‐sex‐matched healthy controls for simultaneous 18F‐FDG‐PET/functional MRI scanning during resting state. We investigated the functional gradients and the ratio of standard uptake value. Principal component analysis was used to further combine the functional gradients and glucose metabolism into functional‐metabolic architecture. Using partial least squares (PLS) regression, we introduced the transcriptomic data from the Allen Institute of Brain Sciences to identify gene expression patterns underlying the affected functional‐metabolic architecture in PD. Between‐group comparisons revealed significantly higher gradient variation in the visual, somatomotor, dorsal attention, frontoparietal, default mode, and subcortical network (pFDR < .048) in PD. Increased FDG‐uptake was found in the somatomotor and ventral attention network while decreased FDG‐uptake was found in the visual network (pFDR < .008). Spatial correlation analysis showed consistently affected patterns of functional gradients and metabolism (p = 2.47 × 10−8). PLS analysis and gene ontological analyses further revealed that genes were mainly enriched for metabolic, catabolic, cellular response to ions, and regulation of DNA transcription and RNA biosynthesis. In conclusion, our study provided genetic pathological mechanism to explain imaging‐defined brain functional‐metabolic architecture of PD.
Robust hierarchically organized whole‐brain patterns of dysconnectivity in schizophrenia spectrum disorders observed after personalized intrinsic network topography
Authors: Dickie Erin W. , Shahab Saba , Hawco Colin , Miranda Dayton , Herman Gabrielle , Argyelan Miklos , Ji Jie Lisa , Jeyachandra Jerrold , Anticevic Alan , Malhotra Anil K. , Voineskos Aristotle N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpatial patterns of brain functional connectivity can vary substantially at the individual level. Applying cortical surface‐based approaches with individualized rather than group templates may accelerate the discovery of biological markers related to psychiatric disorders. We investigated cortico‐subcortical networks from multi‐cohort data in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and healthy controls (HC) using individualized connectivity profiles.MethodsWe utilized resting‐state and anatomical MRI data from n = 406 participants (n = 203 SSD, n = 203 HC) from four cohorts. Functional timeseries were extracted from previously defined intrinsic network subregions of the striatum, thalamus, and cerebellum as well as 80 cortical regions of interest, representing six intrinsic networks using (1) volume‐based approaches, (2) a surface‐based group atlas approaches, and (3) Personalized Intrinsic Network Topography (PINT).ResultsThe correlations between all cortical networks and the expected subregions of the striatum, cerebellum, and thalamus were increased using a surface‐based approach (Cohen's D volume vs. surface 0.27–1.00, all p < 10−6) and further increased after PINT (Cohen's D surface vs. PINT 0.18–0.96, all p < 10−4). In SSD versus HC comparisons, we observed robust patterns of dysconnectivity that were strengthened using a surface‐based approach and PINT (Number of differing pairwise‐correlations: volume: 404, surface: 570, PINT: 628, FDR corrected).ConclusionSurface‐based and individualized approaches can more sensitively delineate cortical network dysconnectivity differences in people with SSDs. These robust patterns of dysconnectivity were visibly organized in accordance with the cortical hierarchy, as predicted by computational models.
Multimodal fusion of multiple rest fMRI networks and MRI gray matter via parallel multilink joint ICA reveals highly significant function/structure coupling in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Khalilullah K. M. Ibrahim , Agcaoglu Oktay , Sui Jing , Adali Tülay , Duda Marlena , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, we focus on estimating the joint relationship between structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) gray matter (GM), and multiple functional MRI (fMRI) intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs). To achieve this, we propose a multilink joint independent component analysis (ml‐jICA) method using the same core algorithm as jICA. To relax the jICA assumption, we propose another extension called parallel multilink jICA (pml‐jICA) that allows for a more balanced weight distribution over ml‐jICA/jICA. We assume a shared mixing matrix for both the sMRI and fMRI modalities, while allowing for different mixing matrices linking the sMRI data to the different ICNs. We introduce the model and then apply this approach to study the differences in resting fMRI and sMRI data from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) versus controls. The results of the pml‐jICA yield significant differences with large effect sizes that include regions in overlapping portions of default mode network, and also hippocampus and thalamus. Importantly, we identify two joint components with partially overlapping regions which show opposite effects for AD versus controls, but were able to be separated due to being linked to distinct functional and structural patterns. This highlights the unique strength of our approach and multimodal fusion approaches generally in revealing potentially biomarkers of brain disorders that would likely be missed by a unimodal approach. These results represent the first work linking multiple fMRI ICNs to GM components within a multimodal data fusion model and challenges the typical view that brain structure is more sensitive to AD than fMRI.