bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Masked polycythemia vera due to iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Hotta Koma , Shikino Kiyoshi , Niwa Ryotaro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 74‐year‐old Japanese woman was referred to our hospital for leukocytosis that occurred for the past one year. Oral iron supplementation was started as iron deficiency anemia (IDA), but three months later, physical examination revealed flushing of the skin on her hands. Finally polycythemia vera (PV) with IDA was diagnosed. There have been reports of PV combined with IDA, which can mask diagnosis and delay treatment because of the lack of symptoms and the anemic presentation. Several possibilities for the pathogenesis of IDA associated with PV have been proposed, including the presence of Helicobacter pylori.
RETRACTED: Rare tapeworm segments case report and review of literature
Authors: Gaffer Ahmed Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMisidentification of intestinal parasites, especially worm infections, is major cause of diarrhea, nutritional anemia, and weight loss. Neglecting diarrhea as irritable bowel disease is common in our community, especially in adult patients after the exclusion of many GIT diseases. In poor sanitary conditions, continuous screening of intestinal parasites with well‐trained lab specialists is crucial with empirical worm treatment in patients with worm symptoms.
2‐Hydroxyadipic Acid Production by Oxidation of 2‐Hydroxycyclohexanone with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Hashimoto Koki , Hatakeyama Kosuke , Yabushita Mizuho , Tomishige Keiichi , Nakagawa Yoshinao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOxidation of 2‐hydroxycyclohexanone (2‐HCO) which can be synthesized from both petroleum and biomass was investigated with heteropolyacids and oxygen as catalysts and oxidant, respectively. 2‐Hydroxyadipic acid (2‐HAA) was obtained in moderate yields, and H4PVW11O40 gave the highest yield (39 %). 2‐HAA is a dicarboxylic acid expected to be a monomer, and this work is the first report for production of 2‐HAA by catalytic oxidation reactions. The oxidation of 1,2‐cyclohexanedione (CHDO), which is a potential intermediate of 2‐HCO oxidation, produced similar yield of 2‐HAA even without catalyst. The effects of catalyst amount (first order), oxygen pressure (almost zero order) and the addition of radical scavenger (no effect) on the 2‐HCO oxidation with H4PVW11O40 catalyst were similar to those in a related case of 2‐methoxycyclohexanone oxidation to adipic acid with heteropolyacid catalyst. 2‐HCO is proposed to be oxidized to CHDO as a precursor of 2‐HAA in a similar mechanism to 2‐methoxycyclohexanone oxidation.
Design of ZnIn2S4@N−Fe3C Nanorods‐Embedded Nanocages Assemblies for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Varma Pooja , Gopannagari Madhusudana , Reddy K. Arun Joshi , Kim Tae Kyu , Reddy D. Amaranatha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCocatalyst materials can promote the separation of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs and accelerate the catalytically active sites of semiconductor photocatalysts. However, it is critical to make low‐cost, noble‐metal‐free materials with high catalytic reactivity, yet this task is extremely difficult to do. Herein, an effective photocatalytic hydrogen generation process has been developed using N‐doped Fe3C (N−Fe3C) nanocages adorned with ultrathin ZnIn2S4 nanosheets produced from a dual metal organic framework. In addition, the highly porous hybrid structure developed gives a large number of active sites for catalytic reduction events, and light scattering can be used to better capture visible light. Due to their improved solar‐driven hydrogen evolution rate (9,600 μmol h−1 g−1) and apparent quantum efficiency (3.6 %), these structures are superior to those of Pt noble‐metal co‐catalytic systems and ZnIn2S4‐based nanohybrids, which were previously reported.
Metal‐Stabilized Thiyl Radicals Design Inspired by Elemental Periodic Extension Notion for Ligand‐Based Alkene Addition
Authors: Tang Hao , Li Xuelian , Guo Zeyi , Kong Deqing , Wang Junfei , Lu Yazhu , Wang Yingke , Xu Cheng , Zhu Luyi , Guan Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInspired by alkene addition to the Ru and Re tris(thiolate) complexes via carbon‐sulfur bond formation/cleavage reactions along with a periodic extension catalysis notion, a comparative study of the electronic structures, mechanisms, and reactivities for ethylene addition to the Os and Tc tris(thiolate) complexes was performed by DFT and high‐level ab initio quantum calculations. The oxidized Os and Tc complexes were revealed to exhibit sufficient radical characters on the ligands to support their reaction with ethylene, whereas neutral Tc tris(thiolate) complex featuring little thiyl radical character renders no reactivity toward ethylene. Differential reactivities of these tris(thiolate) complexes was deemed to derive from the synergy of the thiyl radical character, the electronegativity, the row, and the charge. Extending from Ru and Re tris(thiolate) complexes to their Os and Tc counterparts can help us to get insightful rationales that would promote further research on alkene addition to metal‐stabilized thiyl radicals.
Unique Tubular BiOBr/g‐C3N4 Heterojunction with Efficient Separation of Charge Carriers for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Gao Kaiyue , Zhang Chengming , Zhu Haibao , Xia Jingjing , Chen Jianli , Xie Fazhi , Zhao Xiaoli , Tang Zhi , Wang Xiufang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe industrial ammonia synthesis process consumes a lot of energy and causes serious environmental pollution. As a sustainable approach for ammonia synthesis, photocatalytic nitrogen reduction employing water as the reducing agent has a lot of potential. A simple surfactant‐assisted solvothermal method is used to synthesize g‐C3N4 nanotubes with flower‐like spherical BiOBr grown inside and outside (BiOBr/g‐C3N4, BC). The hollow tubular structure realizes the full use of visible light by the multi‐scattering effect of light. Large surface areas and more active sites for N2 adsorption and activation are present in the distinctive spatially dispersed hierarchical structures. Particularly, the quick separation and transfer of electrons and holes are facilitated by the sandwich tubular heterojunctions and tight contact interface of BiOBr and g‐C3N4. The maximal NH3 generation rate of the BiOBr/g‐C3N4 composite catalysts can reach 255.04 μmol⋅ g−1⋅ h−1, and it is 13.9 and 5.8 times that of pure BiOBr and g‐C3N4. This work provides a novel method for designing and constructing unique heterojunctions for efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
Bonding in Low‐Coordinated Organoarsenic and Organoantimony Compounds: A Threshold Photoelectron Spectroscopic Investigation
Authors: Karaev Emil , Gerlach Marius , Faschingbauer Lukas , Ramler Jacqueline , Krummenacher Ivo , Lichtenberg Crispin , Hemberger Patrick , Fischer Ingo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMethyl and methylene compounds of arsenic and antimony have been studied by photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy to investigate their relative stability. While for As both HAs=CH2, As−CH3 and the methylene compound As=CH2 are identified in the spectrum, the only Sb compound observed is Sb−CH3. Thus, there is a step in the main group 15 between As and Sb, regarding the relative stability of the methyl compounds. Ionisation energies, vibrational frequencies and spin‐orbit splittings were determined for the methyl compound from photoion mass‐selected photoelectron spectra. Although the spectroscopic results for organoantimony resemble those for the previously investigated bismuth compounds, EPR spectroscopic experiments indicate a far lower tendency for methyl transfer for Sb(CH3)3 compared to Bi(CH3)3. This study concludes investigations on low‐valent organopnictogen compounds.
Synthesis of NIR‐II Fluorescent Hybrid Ag2S/ZnPc Nanoparticles for in vitro Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Bao Yuxin , Wu Xi , Bo Bingyang , Qin Jinglei , Zhang Yafei , Wu Xiaojia , Li Xiang , Wang Yiquan , Peng Hongshang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFluorescence imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy (PDT), particularly near infrared II (NIR‐II) fluorescence featuring deep penetration depth, can greatly improve the treatment outcomes with precise administration. In this work, a reprecipitation‐encapsulation method was used to co‐load NIR‐II fluorescent Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) and photosensitizer zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) into single nanoparticles (NPs), i. e., Ag2S/ZnPc NPs. Moreover, the resultant NPs were coated by a poly‐L‐lysine (PLL) layer, which endowed the initial hydrophobic Ag2S QDs and ZnPc with good biocompatibility. Ag2S/ZnPc NPs exhibited a hydrodynamic diameter of ∼70 nm, strong NIR‐II fluorescence peaking at 1052 nm, efficient cellular uptaken, and high singlet oxygen generation. Taking advantage of Ag2S/ZnPc NPs, efficient phototherapeutic efficacy was achieved on HeLa cells upon the irradiation of 660 nm light, and a deep optical tissue penetration depth of 1.4 mm was obtained under 808 nm excitation. These results suggested that the facilely prepared Ag2S/ZnPc NPs are very promising for NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided in vivo PDT.
Lacunary Polyoxometalate iImmobilized on Graphene Oxide: An Effective Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Khalaji‐Verjani Maryam , Masteri‐Farahani Majid , Mohammadikish Maryam , Mashhadizadeh Mohammad Hossein 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new stable nanocomposite comprising thiol‐functionalized lacunary Keggin‐type phosphomolybdate (PMo11) and graphene oxide (GO) was prepared via the thiol‐ene click reaction. Various characterization techniques, like FT‐IR spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the strong covalent interaction of GO and PMo11 species and successful formation of PMo11−S−GO nanocomposite. Nitrogen adsorption‐desorption analysis revealed the decrease in GO surface area after introducing PMo11 species. The prepared nanocomposite was employed in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. A low overpotential of 335 mV and small Tafel slope of 71 mV.dec−1 were obtained in electrocatalytic HER experiments. The nanocomposite exhibited high stability and negligible loss of electrocatalytic activity for at least 850 cycles which is a result of the stable covalent attachment of lacunary Keggin type phosphomolybdate to the surface of GO nanosheets.
Enhancement of seed germination of Daucus carota sativus L. by non‐thermal plasma treatment
Authors: Sedhai Binita , Guragain Rajesh Prakash , Shrestha Bikash , Sedhai Sabita , Baniya Hom Bahadur , Subedi Deepak Prasad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the innovative and successful approaches for early seed sprouting, and development in an agricultural area is the utilization of non‐thermal plasma therapy. In this work, the surface of carrot (Daucus carota sativus L.) seeds was directly treated with low‐temperature plasma. Line frequency was used to produce dielectric barrier discharge at an applied ac voltage of 14.87 kV. Carrot seeds were treated under the produced discharge for 1–4 min employing an argon gas flow rate of 2 L/min. Various growth parameters and seed germination properties had been assessed for both untreated and plasma‐exposed seeds. Parameters such as final germination percentage, mean germination rate, coefficient of the velocity of germination, germination index, length of root and shoot, fresh weight, diameter, and the number of leaves were found to be increased in plasma‐treated seeds. Results from the experiment indicate an increment in vigour index I and vigour index II after plasma treatment. Similarly, significant mass loss and increased water absorption were both observed in the plasma‐treated seeds. The study of the results demonstrates that exposing seeds to plasma can be an effective method for the early growth of carrots.
The mechanisms and drivers of lithification in slag‐dominated artificial ground
Authors: MacDonald John M. , Brolly Connor V. , Slaymark Charlotte , Spruženiece Liene , Wilson Claire , Hilderman Robin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnconsolidated artificial ground is an ever‐increasing feature on the Earth's surface but it poses various challenges such as pollutant release and ground instability. The process of lithification could be an important factor in changing the properties of artificial ground and ameliorating these challenges. In this study, a lithified deposit of a furnace slag associated with a former iron and steel works in Scotland was analysed to determine the mechanisms and drivers of lithification. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that Ca leached from around the edges of clasts of slag through reaction of the chemically unstable slag with water from an adjacent water body. Dissolution of Ca (and OH−) from the slag caused the water in contact with the slag to become hyperalkaline, facilitating ingassing and hydroxylation of CO2from the atmosphere (fingerprinted through carbon isotope analysis). Reaction of the dissolved Ca and CO2led to precipitation of calcite. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed the calcite is distributed between slag clasts, forming rims around clasts and cementing clasts together into a solid rock‐like mass. Understanding the mechanisms and drivers of lithification in artificial ground will be important, given its widespread nature particularly in urban areas where artificial ground is the substrate of most development.
Incorporating pyrodiversity into wildlife habitat assessments for rapid post‐fire management: A woodpecker case study
Authors: Stillman Andrew N. , Wilkerson Robert L. , Kaschube Danielle R. , Siegel Rodney B. , Sawyer Sarah C. , Tingley Morgan W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpatial and temporal variation in fire characteristics—termed pyrodiversity—are increasingly recognized as important factors that structure wildlife communities in fire‐prone ecosystems, yet there have been few attempts to incorporate pyrodiversity or post‐fire habitat dynamics into predictive models of animal distributions and abundance to support post‐fire management. We use the black‐backed woodpecker—a species associated with burned forests—as a case study to demonstrate a pathway for incorporating pyrodiversity into wildlife habitat assessments for adaptive management. Employing monitoring data (2009–2019) from post‐fire forests in California, we developed three competing occupancy models describing different hypotheses for habitat associations: (1) a static model representing an existing management tool, (2) a temporal model accounting for years since fire, and (3) a temporal–landscape model which additionally incorporates emerging evidence from field studies about the influence of pyrodiversity. Evaluating predictive ability, we found superior support for the temporal–landscape model, which showed a positive relationship between occupancy and pyrodiversity and interactions between habitat associations and years since fire. We incorporated the new temporal–landscape model into an RShiny application to make this decision‐support tool accessible to decision‐makers.
Harnessing decay rates for coastal marine biosecurity applications: A review of environmental DNA and RNA fate
Authors: Scriver Michelle , Zaiko Anastasija , Pochon Xavier , von Ammon Ulla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMarine nonindigenous species (NIS) are spreading at an alarming rate internationally through anthropogenic activities such as shipping and aquaculture, affecting local biodiversity and negatively impacting the ecosystem and human well‐being. Countries and international organizations have recognized this global threat and have begun implementing biosecurity management programs to ensure early detection, effective surveillance, and mitigation of marine NIS spread. Molecular techniques based on environmental DNA and RNA (eDNA/eRNA), collectively referred to as environmental nucleic acids (eNAs), have become a popular noninvasive tool for detecting NIS and monitoring biodiversity locally and globally. However, uncertainties about eNAs detection probabilities and the location of the source population impede the broad uptake of this tool in marine biosecurity programs. It's been hypothesized that most of these uncertainties can be explained by studying the molecules' dynamics within a marine environment and implementing eNAs distribution models. To contribute to further knowledge development in this area, our study reviews data from 20 recent reports on the degradation mechanisms and fate of eNAs in the marine environment. We classified the critical factors influencing eNAs' persistence that should be considered by biosecurity practitioners, outlining the complex interaction between the molecules' degradation processes and particular environmental conditions. To help guide the parameterization of eNAs distribution models, this review also summarizes and standardizes the marine decay rates of eDNA/eRNA from the literature. Finally, this manuscript outlines guidelines to help calculate accurate decay rates to build appropriate “fit‐for‐purpose” marine biosecurity tools for improved target detectability and greater resolution in assessing biodiversity.
Dose titration of sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a real‐world study
Authors: Wang Chen , Lin Zongwei , Miao Dongxia , Zhang Hui , Fu Kang , Zhang Xinyu , Xiao Jie , Hu Yue , Sun Yijun , Wang Fen , Lu Huixia , Ji Xiaoping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsThe study aims to explore the real‐world titration patterns of sacubitril/valsartan in a chronic heart failure (HF) follow‐up management system and the effect on the recovery of ventricular remodelling and cardiac function in China.Methods and resultsThis is a single‐centre, observational study of 153 adult outpatients with HF and reduced ejection fraction who were managed in the chronic HF follow‐up management system and prescribed with sacubitril/valsartan from August 2017 to August 2021 in China. All patients tried to titrated sacubitril/valsartan to the tolerant dose during follow‐up. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who reached and maintained the target dose of sacubitril/valsartan. The main secondary outcomes were the changes in left atrium diameter, left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from baseline to 12 months. Among the patients, 69.3% were male, with a median age of 49 years. The baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 117.6 ± 18.3 mmHg before starting the treatment of sacubitril/valsartan. Benefiting from the management system, 117 (76.5%) patients achieved the target dose of sacubitril/valsartan, and the median time to reach the target dose was 3 (IQR 1–5) months. Advanced age and lower SBP may be predictors of failure to reach the target dose. Compared with baseline, standard treatment resulted in a pronounced improvement in left ventricular geometry and cardiac function. The patients showed a significant increase in LVEF [28 (IQR 21–34) % vs. 42 (IQR 37.0–54.3) %, P < 0.001], with a great reduction in left atrium diameter [45 (IQR 40.3–51.0) mm vs. 41 (IQR 37.0–45.3) mm, P < 0.001] and LVEDD [65 (IQR 60.0–70.3) mm vs. 55 (IQR 52–62) mm, P < 0.001] during 12 month follow‐up. Of patients, 36.5% had a LVEF ≥50%, 54.1% had LVEF >40%, and 81.1% experienced an increase in LVEF of ≥10%. After 12 month follow‐up, the proportion of patients with New York Heart Association classification I or II increased from 41.8% to 96.4%. Additionally, there was a significant improvement in N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (P < 0.001). At Month 12, 50% of patients achieved the target dose of beta‐blockers. No serious adverse events caused by sacubitril/valsartan were observed during the follow‐up.ConclusionsOptimising HF follow‐up management was essential and effective in a real‐world clinical setting; the majority could reach the target dose of sacubitril/valsartan within the management system and achieve a remarkable improvement in cardiac function and ventricular remodelling.
Effect of vericiguat on left ventricular structure and function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: The VICTORIA echocardiographic substudy
Authors: Pieske Burkert , Pieske‐Kraigher Elisabeth , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Melenovský Vojtěch , Sliwa Karen , Lopatin Yuri , Arango Juan Luis , Bahit M. Cecilia , O'Connor Christopher M. , Patel Mahesh J. , Roessig Lothar , Morris Daniel A. , Kropf Martin , Westerhout Cynthia M. , Zheng Yinggan , Armstrong Paul W. ,   for the VICTORIA Study Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimVericiguat significantly reduced the primary composite outcome of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or cardiovascular death in the VICTORIA trial. It is unknown if these outcome benefits are related to reverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling with vericiguat in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of vericiguat versus placebo on LV structure and function after 8 months of therapy in patients with HFrEF.Methods and resultsStandardized transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed at baseline and after 8 months of therapy in a subset of HFrEF patients in VICTORIA. The co‐primary endpoints were changes in LV end‐systolic volume index (LVESVI) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Quality assurance and central reading were performed by an echocardiographic core laboratory blinded to treatment assignment. A total of 419 patients (208 vericiguat, 211 placebo) with high‐quality paired TTE at baseline and 8 months were included. Baseline clinical characteristics were well balanced between treatment groups and echocardiographic characteristics were representative of patients with HFrEF. LVESVI significantly declined (60.7 ± 26.8 to 56.8 ± 30.4 ml/m2; p < 0.01) and LVEF significantly increased (33.0 ± 9.4% to 36.1 ± 10.2%; p < 0.01) in the vericiguat group, but similarly in the placebo group (absolute changes for vericiguat vs. placebo: LVESVI −3.8 ± 15.4 vs. −7.1 ± 20.5 ml/m2; p = 0.07 and LVEF +3.2 ± 8.0% vs. +2.4 ± 7.6%; p = 0.31). The absolute rate per 100 patient‐years of the primary composite endpoint at 8 months tended to be lower in the vericiguat group (19.8) than the placebo group (29.6) (p = 0.07).ConclusionsIn this pre‐specified echocardiographic study, significant improvements in LV structure and function occurred over 8 months in both vericiguat and placebo in a high‐risk HFrEF population with recent worsening HF. Further studies are warranted to define the mechanisms of vericiguat's benefit in HFrEF.
Axial Chirality in Alkylidene‐Cyclic Molecules
Authors: Hu Fangdong , Xia Ying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAxial chirality is an interesting stereoisomeric phenomenon in organic chemistry and a key structural feature of several organic compounds. Atropisomers such as biaryls, anilides and diaryl ethers are one type of axially chiral compounds, whose axial chirality is resulted from rotationally blocked single bond. Allenes, spiranes and alkylidenecycloalkanes are another type of axially chiral compounds and their axial chirality come from the perpendicular geometry of two pairs of substituents. The axial chirality in atropisomers, allenes and spiranes has been widely investigated and well developed, while the similar chirality in alkylidene‐cyclic molecules gained very limited attentions. This concept focuses on summarizing recent advances of axial chirality in alkylidene‐cyclic molecules and arouses the research interests to this promising field.