bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited Sampling Strategy Using End of Infusion and Six-Hour Concentrations Overestimates Intravenous Busulfan Clearance Compared With Standard Six-Point Sampling in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients
Authors: Salman Bushra Mustafa , Al Riyami Intisar Mohammed , AalHamad Aya Hasan , Al-Khabori Murtadha 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Therapeutic drug monitoring for busulfan (Bu) is important to improve outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, standard therapeutic drug monitoring requires multiple samples and is inconvenient, labor-intensive, and costly. Accordingly, a limited sampling strategy (LSS) was evaluated, using 2-point sampling at end of infusion and at 6 hours, and the area-under-the-curve and Bu clearances (CLs) were compared with the results obtained from the standard sampling strategy (SSS) using 5–6 samples.

Method:
The analysis was based on retrospective clinical data from 202 patients receiving intravenous Bu before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for malignant or nonmalignant conditions. Bu plasma concentrations were measured via liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the PKCNA package in R program.

Result:
A total of 502 doses were analyzed by applying SSS and LSS. Using the modified Bland–Altman plot, the mean percentage difference in CL between the SSS and LSS estimates of Bu 6-hourly regimen was −41% (Limits: −53% and −30%). In the once daily regimen, the mean difference in CL between the 2 strategies on the modified Bland–Altman plot was −22% (Limits: −66% and +22%).

Conclusions:
The Bu CL values estimated based on the BU concentration at end of infusion and at 6 hours postinfusion were significantly higher than the values obtained via the SSS.
Cross-cultural validation of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale in Serbian postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Minaković Ivana D. , Zvekić-Svorcan Jelena S. , Smuđa Mirjana N. , Živanović Dejan B. , Mikić Andrijana S. , Janković Tanja S. , Miljković Ana R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
Translation and cross-cultural validation of the Serbian version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (Srb-LEFS).

Methods
This prospective cross-sectional study initially included 186 postmenopausal women aged 60 to 75 years who underwent an x-ray examination of both knees, along with body mass, body height, waist circumference, knee range of motion, and blood pressure measurements. The laboratory analyses included the evaluation of fasting glucose levels and lipid profile. All participants completed the LEFS, Lequesne index, and 36-Item Short-Form Survey-RAND.

Results
The analyses revealed good internal consistency (α = 0.95), good test-retest reliability, and a two-factor structure of the Srb-LEFS. Concurrent validity analysis confirmed a significant positive correlation between Srb-LEFS scores and the 36-Item Short-Form Survey-RAND Physical Functioning subscale (r = 0.889, P < 0.0001), the Lequesne index (r = −0.976, P < 0.0001), and the Numeric Rating Scale for pain (r = −0.762, P < 0.0001). Convergent validity analyses revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between the Srb-LEFS scores and age (r = −0.25, P = 0.006), body mass index (r = −0.31, P < 0.01), and waist circumference (r = −0.37, P < 0.0001). The Srb-LEFS scores were statistically significantly higher among participants that reported moderate physical activity levels, as well as those that had fewer comorbidities, minor structural knee damage, greater knee range of motion, and greater quadriceps femoris muscle strength.

Conclusions
The Serbian version of the LEFS is feasible, valid, and reliable for use in both clinical practice and clinical studies to assess self-reported physical functioning in older individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
Identifying Palmar Skin Surface Landmark for Locating A2 Pulley during Cadaveric Dissection of the Hand
Authors: Alowais Fahad Abdullah , Alnaeem Hassan 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The A2 and A4 pulleys are fibro-osseous structures that support the flexor tendon function. Injury to these pulleys can result in bowstringing and limited tendon excursion. Thus, having an understanding of the skin surface landmark of the A2 pulley is crucial to safeguard it during hand surgery.

Methods:
We performed cadaveric dissection of 62 hands. For 248 fingers, the measurement of distance A, which is half the distance between the palmar digital crease and proximal interphalangeal crease reflected in the palm, and distance B, which is the distance between the A2 pulley’s starting point and the palmar digital crease, were taken by a caliber. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired sample t test to determine whether there was a significant difference between distances A and B.

Results:
Our study revealed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the measured starting point of the A2 pulley and its proposed surface landmark for the index, middle, and small fingers. Conversely, the ring finger showed a statistically significant difference of 1 mm more proximal.

Conclusions:
By measuring the distance between the palmar digital crease and proximal interphalangeal crease and reflecting it proximally in the palms, one can anticipate the location of the A2 pulley’s starting point for each digit, except for the ring finger. The ring finger’s starting point is 1 mm more proximal than the other digits. Knowing the starting point of the A2 pulley will help hand surgeons limit incisions and avoid accidental injury during hand surgery.
Endogenous Endophthalmitis Associated with Injection Drug Use Compared with Other Etiologies
Authors: Ciociola Elizabeth C. , Powell Jeffrey C. , Barnwell Eliza , Zehden Jason A. , Robbins Cason B. , Soundararajan Srinath , Singh Pali , Zhang Alice Yang , Fekrat Sharon , Greven Margaret A. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To compare features of endogenous endophthalmitis associated with injection drug use (IDU) to endogenous endophthalmitis from other etiologies.

Methods:
We retrospectively collected data on patients with endogenous endophthalmitis due to IDU or other causes from three academic tertiary care centers over a six-year period. Differences in presenting characteristics, culture results, treatment, and visual acuity (VA) were compared between groups.

Results:
Thirty-eight (34%) patients had IDU-associated endogenous endophthalmitis, while 75 (67%) had endogenous endophthalmitis from other causes. Compared to patients in the non-IDU group, IDU patients were significantly younger, more frequently male, had longer duration of symptoms at diagnosis, and were less likely to have bilateral disease (p<0.05 for all). IDU patients were less likely to have a systemic infection source identified (29% vs 71%, p<0.001) or have positive cultures (47% vs 80%, p<0.001). The IDU group was less likely to be admitted to the hospital (71% vs 92%, p=0.005) and less likely to receive treatment with intravenous antimicrobials (55% vs 83%, p=0.003). VA did not significantly differ between groups.

Conclusions:
Endophthalmitis related to IDU presents in younger patients with less comorbidities and frequently without positive cultures or an identifiable systemic source; therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed to identify this disease.
Deep learning-based analysis of infrared fundus photography for automated diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy with cataracts
Authors: Xue Wenwen , Zhang Juzhao , Ma Yingyan , Hou Junlin , Xiao Fan , Feng Rui , Zhao Ruiwei , Zou Haidong 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
To develop deep learning-based networks for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) with cataracts based on infrared fundus images.

Setting:
Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai, China.

Design:
Development and evaluation of an artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic method.

Methods:
A total of 10 665 infrared fundus images from 4553 patients with diabetes were used to train and test the model. For image quality assessment, left and right eye classification, DR diagnosis and grading, and segmentation of 3 DR lesions, an end-to-end software using EfficientNet and UNet was developed. The accuracy and performance of the software in comparison to human experts was evaluated.

Results:
The model achieved an accuracy of 75.31% for left and right eye classification, 100% for DR grading and diagnosis tasks, and 73.67% for internal test set, with corresponding areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.88, 1.00, and 0.89, respectively. For DR lesion segmentation, the AUCs of hemorrhagic, microangioma, and exudative lesions were 0.86, 0.66, and 0.84, respectively. In addition, a contrast test of human-machine film reading confirmed the software's high sensitivity (96.3%) and specificity (90.0%) and consistency with the manual film reading group (κ = 0.869, P < .001). This easily deployable software generated reports quickly and promoted efficient DR screening with cataracts in clinical and community settings.

Conclusions:
AI-assisted software can perform automatic analysis of infrared fundus images and has substantial application value for the diagnosis of DR patients with cataracts.
Combining Allograft Adipose and Fascia Matrix as an Off-the-Shelf Scaffold for Adipose Tissue Engineering Stimulates Angiogenic Responses and Activates a Proregenerative Macrophage Profile in a Rodent Model
Authors: Ziegler Mary E. , Khabaz Kameel , Khoshab Nima , Halaseh Faris F. , Chnari Evangelia , Chen Siwei , Baldi Pierre , Evans Gregory R.D. , Widgerow Alan D. 
Published: July 2023

Objective
Bioscaffolds for treating soft tissue defects have limitations. As a bioscaffold, allograft adipose matrix (AAM) is a promising approach to treat soft tissue defects. Previously, we revealed that combining superficial adipose fascia matrix with AAM, components of the hypodermis layer of adipose tissue, improved volume retention, adipogenesis, and angiogenesis in rats 8 weeks after it was implanted compared with AAM alone. Here, we modified the fascia matrix and AAM preparation, examined the tissue over 18 weeks, and conducted a deeper molecular investigation. We hypothesized that the combined matrices created a better scaffold by triggering angiogenesis and proregenerative signals.

Methods
Human AAM and fascia matrix were implanted (4 [1 mL] implants/animal) into the dorsum of male Fischer rats (6–8 weeks old; ~140 g) randomly as follows: AAM, fascia, 75/25 (AAM/fascia), 50/50, and 50/50 + hyaluronic acid (HA; to improve extrudability) (n = 4/group/time point). After 72 hours, as well as 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 weeks, graft retention was assessed by a gas pycnometer. Adipogenesis (HE), angiogenesis (CD31), and macrophage infiltration (CD80 and CD163) were evaluated histologically at all time points. The adipose area and M1/M2 macrophage ratio were determined using ImageJ. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics were conducted to evaluate pathway enrichments.

Results
By 18 weeks, the adipose area was 2365% greater for 50/50 HA (281.6 ± 21.6) than AAM (11.4 ± 0.9) (P < 0.001). The M1/M2 macrophage ratio was significantly lower for 50/50 HA (0.8 ± 0.1) than AAM (0.9 ± 0.1) at 6 weeks (16%; P < 0.05). This inversely correlated with adipose area (r = −0.6; P > 0.05). The RNA-seq data revealed that upregulated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and macrophage-induced tissue regeneration genes were temporally different between the groups.

Conclusions
Combining the fascia matrix with AAM creates a bioscaffold with an improved retention volume that supports M2 macrophage-mediated angiogenesis and adipogenesis. This bioscaffold is worthy of further investigation.
A Simplified Algorithmic Approach to Vulvar Reconstruction According to Various Types of Vulvar Defects
Authors: Han Woo Yeon , Kim Yeongsong , Han Hyun Ho 
Published: July 2023

Objective
Various surgeons adopt various vulvar reconstruction methods for different types of vulvar defects to restore anatomical structures. Vulvar reconstruction has relatively few references as it is performed in many different ways. Our report aimed to create a simplified reconstruction algorithm that can be used to select the reconstruction flap and to compare clinical outcomes.

Methods
The patients who underwent vulvar reconstruction between April 2017 and May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The reconstruction flap was selected according to a suggested algorithm, which accounted for the defect location depending on the vulvo-thigh junctional crease—the visual landmark of the inferior pubic ramus—and proper perforator location. Postoperative surgical complications, functional outcomes, and oncologic outcomes were analyzed according to the histologic and flap types.

Results
Forty-seven patients underwent reconstruction with 31 internal pudendal artery perforator flaps (66%) and 16 profunda artery perforator flaps or transverse upper gracilis flaps (34%). The histologic type included 21 extramammary Paget disease (44.7%), 20 squamous cell carcinoma (42.6%), and 6 other types (12.8%). Postoperative complications, including wound and functional complications, occurred in 10 patients (21.3%). There were more cases of wound complications with profunda artery perforator flaps and transverse upper gracilis flaps (37.5%) than those with internal pudendal artery perforator flaps (12.9%) (P = 0.04). There were 7 cases (14.9%) of 2-year oncologic recurrence with no significant differences in terms of histologic or flap types.

Conclusions
According to our suggested simplified algorithm, various types of flaps resulted in reliable surgical outcomes with minimal complication rates and acceptable functional and oncologic outcomes, and the primary goals of vulvar reconstruction were achieved effectively. Using our algorithm, selection of the reconstruction method could be simplified and specified despite the complexity of vulvar defects.
Delayed Versus Immediate Breast Reconstruction in the Ambulatory Surgery Setting
Authors: Das Rishub K. , Mioton Lauren M. , Thayer Wesley P. , Drolet Brian C. , Perdikis Galen 
Published: July 2023

Background
Breast reconstruction remains an important part of a patient's journey after the diagnosis of breast carcinoma and treatment with mastectomy. Although inpatient immediate breast reconstruction has been described, there is a paucity information about whether similar procedures are performed in the ambulatory setting.

Objective
The authors sought to investigate rates and patterns for delayed and immediate breast reconstruction in the ambulatory surgery setting using nationally representative data from 2016 to 2019.

Methods
Using the Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample database, we identified patients with an International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, procedure code for breast reconstruction. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded for each encounter of breast reconstruction, and linear regression and logistic regression were used to assess for trends and disparities.

Results
National weighted estimates for ambulatory breast reconstruction increased by 15.6% from 89 237 in 2016 to 103 134 in 2019, resulting in 377 109 procedures during the study period. Inflation-adjusted total charges for ambulatory breast reconstruction were $14 billion between 2016 and 2019, or 1.7% of overall charges for ambulatory surgery. Immediate reconstruction was performed in 34.7% (95% CI, 33.4%–36.1%) of cases and increased by 46.9% from 26 930 in 2016 to 39 559 in 2019. Racial disparities were observed in access, comorbidities, and spending.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate a moderate increase in ambulatory breast reconstruction with a substantial growth in the performance of immediate breast reconstruction in the ambulatory setting.
Performance of Perioperative Tasks for Women Undergoing Anti-incontinence Surgery
Authors: Erekson Elisabeth , Whitcomb Emily L. , Kamdar Neil , Swift Steve , Cundiff Geoffrey W. , Yaklic Jerome , Strohbehn Kris , Adam Rony , Danford Jill , Willis-Gray Marcella G. , Maxwell Rose , Edenfield Autumn , Pulliam Samantha , Gong Merry , Malek Mackenzie , Hanissian Paul , Towers Geoffrey , Guaderrama Noelani M. , Slocum Paul , Morgan Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Surgery for the correction of stress urinary incontinence is an elective procedure that can have a dramatic and positive impact on quality of life. Anti-incontinence procedures, like inguinal hernia repairs or cholecystectomies, can be classified as high-volume/low-morbidity procedures. The performance of a standard set of perioperative tasks has been suggested as one way to optimize quality of care in elective high-volume/low-morbidity procedures. Our primary objective was to evaluate the performance of 5 perioperative tasks—(1) offering nonsurgical treatment, (2) performance of a standard preoperative prolapse examination, (3) cough stress test, (4) postvoid residual test, and (5) intraoperative cystoscopy for women undergoing surgery for stress urinary incontinence—compared among surgeons with and without board certification in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS).

Study Design
This study was a retrospective chart review of anti-incontinence surgical procedures performed between 2011 and 2013 at 9 health systems. Cases were reviewed for surgical volume, adverse outcomes, and the performance of 5 perioperative tasks and compared between surgeons with and without FPMRS certification.

Results
Non-FPMRS surgeons performed fewer anti-incontinence procedures than FPMRS-certified surgeons. Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery surgeons were more likely to perform all 5 perioperative tasks compared with non-FPMRS surgeons. After propensity matching, FPMRS surgeons had fewer patients readmitted within 30 days of surgery compared with non-FPMRS surgeons.

Conclusions
Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery surgeons performed higher volumes of anti-incontinence procedures, were more likely to document the performance of the 5 perioperative tasks, and were less likely to have their patients readmitted within 30 days.
Rubellimicrobium arenae sp. nov., isolated from desert soil
Authors: Han Jia-Rui , Li Shuai , Lu Chun-Yan , Lian Wen-Hui , Shi Guo-Yuan , Feng Chu-Ying , Li Wen-Jun , Dong Lei 
Published: July 2023

Two Gram-stain-negative strains, designated as SYSU D00286T and SYSU D00782, were isolated from a sand sample collected from the Kumtag Desert in Xinjiang, north-west China. Cells were aerobic, non-motile and positive for both oxidase and catalase. Growth occurred at 4–37 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C), pH 6.0–7.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and NaCl concentration of 0–1.5 % (w/v; optimum, 0%). Growth was observed on Reasoner’s 2A agar and nutrient agar, but not on Luria–Bertani agar and trypticase soy agar. The polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified aminolipids, one unidentified glycolipid and two unidentified phospholipids. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 and the major fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains SYSU D00286T and SYSU D00782 was 100%, and their average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity and (AAI) digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values were all 100.0 %. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these two strains belong to the same species of the genus

Rubellimicrobium

and show the highest sequence similarity to

Rubellimicrobium rubrum

KCTC 72461T (98.2 %) and

Rubellimicrobium roseum

CCTCC AA 208029T (97.5 %). The ANI, AAI and dDDH values between SYSU D00286T (as well as SYSU D00782) and the other five

Rubellimicrobium

type strains were all less than or equal to 83.2, 80.1 and 23.6 %, respectively. Based on their phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomical features, strains SYSU D00286T and SYSU D00782 represent a novel species of the genus

Rubellimicrobium

, for which the name Rubellimicrobium arenae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SYSU D00286T (=MCCC 1K04981T=CGMCC 1.8626T=KCTC 82271T).
Magnitude Of Birth Outcome After Induced Labor Among Mothers Delivered In Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hosanna Town, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Worku Dereje , Assebe Tesfaye , Gobena Tesfaye , Kechine Temesgen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground“Induction of labor is not risk free, despite its importance for ending risky pregnancy compare to spontaneous onset of labor it has potential harms and it increases the rate of different maternal and neonatal complications.” Due to this WHO recommends IOL with only clear medical indications when the benefit more significant than potential harms. Even though there is a few study on IOL that address magnitude of birth outcome after IOL no study is found that determine the contributing factors to birth outcomes after IOL in Ethiopia especially in my study area, therefore the factors that affect the birth outcome after IOL need to be clearly understood.ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude birth outcome after induced labor and associated factor among child bearing mother who deliver in NEMMCSH in the last two years (January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2020 GC). Data was collected from June 25 to July 09, 2021 GC.MethodsHospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 778 study participants selected by systematic random sampling technique among all child bearing mothers delivered by induction in NEMMCSH from January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2020 GC. Data was collected from patient cards, delivery registration log books and operation note books. Then data were entered and coded using EPI data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the association different potential factors with the birth outcome after IOL. Independent predictors were determined using adjusted odd ratio with 95% CL at p value < 0.05 in multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn this study the magnitude of still birth after IOL was 9.6%. Rural residence [AOR=3.59; 95%CI:(1.32, 9.80)], maternal chronic medical diseases [AOR=3.58; 95% CL: (1.23, 10.41)], history of previous still birth [AOR=7.45; 95%CI: (2.45, 22.38)], Partograph use [AOR=0.034; 95%CI: 0.01,0.09)], delivering ˂8 hours[AOR=0.13; 95%CI: (0.03,0.56)] and delivering within 8-16[AOR=0.28; 95%CI:(0.10, 0.76)] hours were significant predictors for still birth.ConclusionsThe magnitude of still birth after IOL was relatively high in the study area. Variables which increase the likelihood of still birth were, living in rural area and previous history of still birth. The recommendations also forwarded for health care provider, NEMMCSH, different stakeholders and for researchers.