bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilgrimages to the Past in Jesmyn Ward and Toni Morrison
Authors: Narcisi Lara 
Published: January 2025

This chapter offers a comparative analysis of Jesmyn Ward’s, Sing, Unburied, Sing (2017) and Toni Morrison’s, Song of Solomon (1977). It focusses on the journeys of their Black male protagonists and considers their depictions of rebellion and compassion in the wake of slavery. Sing, Unburied, Sing, follows the pilgrimage of a young Black man to uncover his grandfather’s past and rewrite his own future. It simultaneously offers the reader a pilgrimage back to Morrison’s earlier novel, which similarly uses a physical journey to reveal a psychological one. Ward’s novel, like Morrison’s, uses the characters’ personal epiphanies to consider the broader legacies of slavery in the American South. However, Ward’s vision of what this journey implies for Black masculinity diverges in particular ways. Through thirteen-year-old Jojo’s reluctant travels to the darkly spiritual ground of Parchman prison, and subsequent return with the ghost of a boy who unlocks his grandfather’s secret past, the novel explores police brutality, poverty, addiction, and the prison industrial complex. Though like Song of Solomon in its vision of a spiritual journey South that uncovers buried traumas, Ward’s sympathetic protagonist and uplifting ending suggest ways in which the cycles of violence that entrap Morrison’s men, might be broken.
North East Vernacular English Online
Authors: Pearce Michael 
Published: January 2025

Drawing on thousands of naturalistic online interactions from Ready to Go (RTG), a popular football message board centred on North East England, North East Vernacular English Online describes dialect at the levels of morphology, syntax, lexis and – through a study of orthographic innovation – phonology, charting historical continuities as well as more recent developments. The book also examines metalinguistic commentary and debate on the website, revealing folk-attitudes and perceptions of linguistic variation. Informed by the latest research, but also building on the foundational scholarship of the English Dialect Society and the Survey of English Dialects, this volume will appeal to academics in the fields of sociolinguistics and dialectology, as well as undergraduates, post-graduates and general readers interested in the language and culture of England’s most distinctive region.
Governing Migration in the Late Ottoman Empire
Authors: Fratantuono Ella 
Published: January 2025

How do terms used to describe migration change over time? How do those changes reflect possibilities of inclusion and exclusion? Ella Fratantuono places the governance of migrants at the centre of Ottoman state-building across a 60-year period (1850–1910) to answer these questions. The book highlights the importance of migrant and refugee settlement within Ottoman reform. It traces the significance of the term muhacir (migrant) within Ottoman governance during the global era of mass migration, during which millions of migrants arrived in the empire, many fleeing from oppression, violence and war.
Rather than adopting the familiar distinction between coerced and non-coerced migration, the book explores how officials’ use of muhacir captures changing approaches to administering migrants and the Ottoman population. The book argues that attempts to govern migrants influenced the development of Ottoman social engineering, or attempts to transform and manipulate society in order to strengthen the state. The book places the Ottoman experience within a global history of migration management and sheds light on how six decades of governing migration contributed to the infrastructures and ideology essential to mass displacement in the empire’s last decade. In doing so, it enhances understanding of global and Middle East migration regimes and illuminates the emergence of refugee administration from a historical perspective.
Meaning-making in Trump’s anti-Biden political campaign commercials: Multimodal perspective
Authors: Krysanova Tetiana 
Published: January 2025

This chapter examines the expanding role of video commercials in modern political campaigns and the growing interest in meaning-making through the synergy of multimodal resources. It focuses on Donald Trump’s 2020 election campaign commercials with a two-fold aim: theoretically, to explain the mechanism of multimodal meaning-making in political campaign advertising, and empirically, to define the combinability potential of each semiotic resource in the meaning-making process. This research draws on an integrated cognitive-pragmatic and cognitive-semiotic approach, incorporating conceptual integration, blended classical joint attention, and performativity theories. From a cognitive-pragmatic perspective, the chapter highlights the intersubjective interaction between politicians as filmmakers and the electorate as viewers in constructing ‘meaning-in-context,’ while a cognitive-semiotic framework emphasises the dynamic, enactive, and embodied nature of meaning-making. The chapter argues that Trump’s anti-Biden political campaign commercials function as short films aimed at persuading viewers to vote against Biden by eliciting emotions, primarily fear. The emotive meaning in these commercials is constructed through a combination of audial and visual modes, incorporating elements of verbal, non-verbal, and cinematic resources. This chapter demonstrates how the integration of multimodal resources is pivotal in shaping voter attitudes in the media environment.
Policy Preferences on Postponement of Elections Owing to Covid-19 – Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment
Authors: Toros Emre 
Published: January 2025

This chapter analyses whether partisanship and affective polarisation shaped the approval of policies related to COVID-19, and if so, how, by using a conjoint experiment fielded in a country-representative face-toface survey. The analysis separates two policy areas – elections and media freedom – referring to newly developed policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show clear evidence that participants are more likely to approve policy proposals if their political party offers them. Moreover, this impact is more robust for affectively polarised citizens.
The state of cancer care in Russia: malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses, prevalence and survival of patients (clinical and population-based study)
Authors: Merabishvili V. M. , Radzhabova Z. A.-G. , Levchenko E. V. , Vasil’ev A. B. , Radzhabova M. A. , Chuglova D. A. , Popova A. L. , Kustov M. O. 
Published: January 2025

In accordance with the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10), malignant tumors (MT) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses include diagnosis codes with sub-codes C30 and C31. In world and state statistics, summary data on morbidity is summarized under two diagnosis codes, C30 and C31. Our PCR database of the North-West Federal District of the Russian Federation contains more than 1.5 million cases, which allows us to consider the peculiarities of the prevalence of cancer in rare groups of malignant neoplasms. The population of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation is 13.9 million people, which is more than the population of Belarus, Latvia and Estonia combined.Objective. To study the prevalence and survival patterns of patients with malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses using the database of the newly created NMR of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, taking into account the detailed localization structure by subheadings: C30.0.1 and C31 with subheadings C31.0.1–3.8.9.Materials and methods. The study material is the data of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), reference books of the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute and the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Data processing was carried out using licensed programs MS Excel 2013–2016 and STATISTICA 6.1. A modified EUROCARE program was used to calculate survival. The calculations are based on the NMR of St. Petersburg and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation.Results and discussion. The conducted study with the analysis of prevalence, assessment of the quality of registration and survival of cancer patients with malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses, confirmed the rarity of this pathology in the world and Russia. In general, a decrease in standardized morbidity rates, including age-related ones, was established. Improvement in the quality of registration of primary patients and provision of medical care was noted. An increase in the one-year survival of patients with malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity, middle ear over three observation periods by 20.5% and paranasal sinuses by 15.4% was revealed. Five-year survival has remained virtually unchanged.
Analysis of the efficiency of integrated chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR L858R mutation in exon 21 using first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Mandrina M. O. , Barbolina T. D. , Vladimirova L. Yu. , Storozhakova A. E. , Laktionov K. K. 
Published: January 2025

General data. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of integrated chemotherapy in targeted anti-EGFR therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a mutation in exon 21 of the EGFR gene compared to monotherapy with firstand second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).Material: From 2015 to 2021, the study included 45 patients with metastatic NSCLC with the L858R mutation in exon 21 for the first line of treatment, distributed into an experimental group and a control group of 23 and 22 people, respectively. Patients in the experimental group received therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the first 2 months, followed by discontinuation of targeted drugs and 3 courses of chemotherapy according to the paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen. Targeted therapy was then resumed until disease progression. Patients in the control group received only monotherapy with first- or second-generation TKIs. The median follow-up was 36 months.Result. The objective response rate (ORR) was 59.1 % for the experimental group and 27.3 % for the control group, disease stabilization was achieved in 9 (40.9%) patients and 14 (63.6%), respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for the experimental group was 23 months [95% CI: 16–36], for the control group 13 [95% CI: 11–17] (p=0.004). The median overall survival (OS) for the experimental group was statistically higher than in the control group and was 43 [lower limit of 95% CI – 38] months versus 32 [95% CI: 23–44] months (p=0.008).Conclusion. The results of our study showed that the integration of chemotherapy into targeted treatment of this category of patients may become a new worthy option that allows for a statistically significant increase in both the median PFS and the median OS.
Social and emotional learning - Portuguese and Spanish teachers’ representations and classroom practices
Authors: Ferreira Marco , Reis-Jorge José , Olcina-Sempere Gustau 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study aims to uncover the representations and practices of Portuguese and Spanish school teachers regarding social and emotional learning (SEL), hoping to contribute to filling a perceived gap in the empirical literature of these two countries.MethodsThis is an exploratory qualitative study with a convenience sample of 68 Portuguese and Spanish teachers who responded to an open-ended questionnaire. The teachers’ responses were analyzed following a hybrid approach to the method of thematic analysis. As an extension to the study, we checked the level of similarity of the perspectives and practices expressed by the Portuguese and the Spanish teachers.ResultsThe findings reveal the participants’ awareness of the theoretical foundations of SEL with an emphasis on the association between SEL and students’ mental health. In terms of classroom practices, they tended to implement activities involving students in reflecting on their feelings and emotions to facilitate the development of healthy social and emotional behavior. No significant differences were found between teachers from the two countries.DiscussionOur findings echo previous research showing that teaching SEL cannot be a process carried out haphazardly or intuitively. Teachers who are well-trained and prepared to teach are more willing to change their practices and more likely to implement SEL in their classrooms. Therefore, the development of teaching skills in SEL should be part of initial and in-service teacher training programs to become competent in promoting a whole school approach.
Achieving prediabetes reversal in China: a nationwide longitudinal study on the role of blood glucose and lipid management in middle-aged and elderly adults
Authors: Yang Hongguang , Liu Yao , Huang Zhenhe , Deng Guifang 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPrediabetes, impacting a third of the adult Chinese population, is linked to a variety of detrimental health outcomes. However, scant research has delved into the factors that affect a regression from prediabetes to normal glucose regulation (NGR) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal analysis of 2,655 adults, aged 45 years and above, drawing data from wave 1 and wave 3 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). We employed a stepwise logistic regression model to identify factors associated with the regression to NGR. Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) analysis was used to evaluate the dose-response relationships between baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and the likelihood of regression to NGR. Attribution fraction (AF) analysis was conducted to measure the impact of modifiable factors on the regression of prediabetes. We further examined how changes in these factors were associated with regression to NGR.ResultsDuring the 4-year follow-up, 570 of 2,655 prediabetes participants regressed to NGR. The stepwise logistic regression model identified older age, female sex, abdominal obesity (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57–0.86), elevated LDL-C (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.48–0.97), higher FPG (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52–0.90), and higher HbA1c (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.18–0.30) as factors associated with regression to NGR. AF analysis showed that a lower initial HbA1c was the most influential factor for regression to NGR. Additionally, evaluated blood lipid profiles reduced the odds of regression to NGR.ConclusionThis study underscores the influence of age, gender, abdominal obesity, LDL-C levels, FPG, HbA1c, and blood lipid profiles on the likelihood of regressing from prediabetes to NGR. It suggests that adopting a healthy lifestyle and preemptively mitigating these risks may be more beneficial than addressing them after they have been identified in clinical settings.
Curdione combined with borneol treats bacterial mixed HPV infection by regulating the crosstalk among immune cells
Authors: Liu Jingwei , Shu Tong , Mu Yiheng , Zheng Wanlin , Lu Xiaohuan , Tao Hong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a worldwide reproductive system disease. Baofukang suppository, a traditional herbal preparation that includes curdione and borneol, has been reported to treat bacterial vaginosis (BV) and HPV infection in China. However, the therapeutic mechanism is still unknown. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of curdione and borneol in treating HPV infection.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of medical records from a single-center study involving 205 HPV patients, focusing on the correlation between HPV clearance and co-infection with other pathogens, confirming the efficacy of Baofukang suppository. Bioinformatics and network pharmacology approaches were employed to identify therapeutic targets of Baofukang suppository for BV/HPV co-infections. qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry were utilized to validate the therapeutic targets of curdione and borneol, along with the associated immune molecular changes. Finally, the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy of curdione and borneol were confirmed in vivo using an LPS/TC-1 cervical orthotopic injection model.ResultsCurdione and borneol selectively inhibit the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by macrophages. The reduction in IL-6 and IL-1β levels effectively inhibits the expression of CD274 (Programmed death ligand 1, PD-L1) in infected epithelial cells by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, thereby suppressing their immune evasion capabilities. Furthermore, curdione and borneol enhance the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and caspase 1 (CASP1) in macrophages, as well as the expression of interleukin 12 (IL-12) and interleukin 23 (IL-23) in dendritic cells (DCs). The expression of these inflammatory factors effectively promotes the migration and differentiation of T cells to the site of infection, completing the clearance of infected epithelial cells.ConclusionThe main components of Baofukang suppository, curdione and borneol, inhibit the progression of HPV infection and the occurrence of cervical cancer by modulating the communication between innate and adaptive immunity, promoting the recruitment and recognition of CD8+ T cells to eliminate HPV-infected epithelial cells.
Targeting TCMR-associated cytokine genes for drug screening identifies PPARγ agonists as novel immunomodulatory agents in transplantation
Authors: Hu Lu , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhang Weiqi , Jin Shuai , Zhao Jie , Zheng Jianming , Song Wenli , Shen Zhongyang 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveT cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) remains a significant challenge in organ transplantation. This study aimed to define a TCMR-associated cytokine gene set and identify drugs to prevent TCMR through drug repurposing.MethodsGene expression profiles from kidney, heart, and lung transplant biopsies were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TCMR and non-TCMR groups were identified, and their intersection with cytokine-related genes yielded an 11-gene TCMR-associated cytokine gene set (TCMR-Cs). To evaluate the effectiveness of this gene set, a diagnostic predictive model was constructed using Lasso regression and multivariate logistic regression, with validation in independent datasets. Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis was employed to screen drugs targeting TCMR-Cs. Experimental validation of the identified drug was performed in vitro using T cell activation and Th1 differentiation assays, and in vivo in a mouse skin transplant model with survival analysis.ResultsThe TCMR-Cs exhibited outstanding predictive performance for TCMR, achieving an AUC of 0.99 in the training cohorts and maintaining strong performance in the test cohorts. CMap analysis identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists as potential therapeutic candidates. Experimental validation showed that the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone significantly suppressed T cell activation and reduced Th1 differentiation in vitro without cytotoxic effects. The combination of rosiglitazone and rapamycin significantly prolonged graft survival.ConclusionsThis study defined a novel TCMR-associated cytokine gene set that effectively predicts TCMR and identified PPARγ agonists, which prevent TCMR and improve graft survival when combined with rapamycin.
Design of circulating temperature control system for rubber and plastic industry based on mechatronics
Authors: Cao Hexun , Liu Weiming 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIn the modern rubber and plastics industry, temperature control becomes a key factor affecting product quality and production efficiency. However, the existing temperature control system generally has the problem of temperature lag and high energy consumption. Aiming at the problem of poor control effect of current temperature control system, a new circulating temperature control system for plastic industry was proposed in this study.MethodsFirstly, fuzzy neural network and improved particle swarm optimization algorithm were introduced in this study, and then the hybrid algorithm was combined with mechatronics technology to design and implement a set of rubber and plastic industry cycle temperature control system.ResultsAccording to the test data, the improved algorithm performed well in both scenarios. Compared with the comparison algorithm, the improved algorithm has the following parameters: tuning time (scenario 1:513s, scenario 2:521s), overshoot (scenario 1:2.5%, scenario 2:2.3%), steady-state error (scenario 1:005, scenario 2:004) and absolute integral error (scenario 1:008, scenario 2: 0.007) has been significantly optimized. Simulation analysis shows that the proposed temperature control system has stronger anti-interference ability and lower energy consumption (0.6 hour energy consumption: 1086.5J, energy saving rate: 38.7%).DiscussionThe results show that the cyclic temperature control system of rubber and plastics industry is superior to the comparison system in terms of temperature control performance, anti-interference ability and energy consumption. The research not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of temperature control systems in the rubber and plastics industry, but also promotes the promotion of green and sustainable production methods. This is essential to promote the high-quality development of the plastics and rubber industry.
Ten-year outcomes of repeat keratoplasty for optical indications
Authors: Dimacali Victoria Grace , Ong Hon Shing , Lang Stephanie Shuang , Htoon Hla Myint , Cajucom-Uy Howard , Chai Hui Chen Charmaine , Ang Marcus , Arundhati Anshu , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: January 2025

AimTo analyze the clinical outcomes of repeat keratoplasties following a failed primary optical keratoplasty in an Asian population.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, clinical data of consecutive patients who had repeat keratoplasty at Singapore National Eye Centre from 2007 to 2020 were recorded from our ongoing Singapore Corneal Transplant Registry.ResultsA total of 284 first regrafts (181 Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (EK), 63 penetrating keratoplasty (PK), 21 Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty, and 19 deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK)) were analyzed. Graft rejection (38.4%) and late endothelial failure (15.8%) were the main causes of initial graft failure. PK/EK and EK/EK had better one-year postoperative best corrected visual acuity compared to PK/PK (p = 0.006 and p &lt; 0.001 respectively). Kaplan–Meier 10-year cumulative regraft survival probabilities were 69.2% for PK/EK, 52.8% for EK/EK, and 43.1% for PK/PK. Regraft survival was 100% for DALK/PK, DALK/DALK, and DALK/EK at three to 5 years. Log-rank test showed higher survival of PK/EK compared to PK/PK (p = 0.002) and EK/PK (p = 0.009), and of EK/EK compared to PK/PK (p = 0.003) and EK/PK (p = 0.005). High-risk regrafts had significantly lower 10-year survival probabilities compared to non-high-risk regrafts (p = 0.045). Cox multiple regression analysis showed male gender (p = 0.023), PK regraft (p = 0.003), regraft rejection (p = 0.003), and initial graft indications of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (p = 0.005) and aphakic bullous keratopathy (p = 0.004) to be risk factors for regraft failure, while longer time to regraft was associated with decreased risk of failure (p = 0.013).ConclusionPerforming EK for failed optical PK or EK significantly improved regraft survival compared to repeat PK. Regrafts performed for failed initial DALK grafts did well regardless of type.