bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electro-vibrational stimulation results in improved speech perception in noise for cochlear implant users with bilateral residual hearing
Authors: Geerardyn Alexander , De Voecht Katleen , Wouters Jan , Verhaert Nicolas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA cochlear implant is a neuroprosthetic device that can restore speech perception for people with severe to profound hearing loss. Because of recent evolutions, a growing number of people with a cochlear implant have useful residual acoustic hearing. While combined electro-acoustic stimulation has been shown to improve speech perception for this group of people, some studies report limited adoption rates. Here, we present electro-vibrational stimulation as an alternative combined stimulation strategy that similarly targets the full cochlear reserve. This novel strategy combines the electrical stimulation by the cochlear implant with low-frequency bone conduction stimulation. In a first evaluation of electro-vibrational stimulation, speech perception in noise was assessed in 9 subjects with a CI and symmetrical residual hearing. We demonstrate a statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement for speech perception in noise of 1.9 dB signal-to-noise ratio. This effect was observed with a first prototype that provides vibrational stimulation to both ears with limited transcranial attenuation. Future integration of electro-vibrational stimulation into one single implantable device could ultimately allow cochlear implant users to benefit from their low-frequency residual hearing without the need for an additional insert earphone.
Medication abortion via digital health in the United States: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Kumsa Fekede Asefa , Prasad Rameshwari , Shaban-Nejad Arash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDigital health, including telemedicine, has increased access to abortion care. The convenience, flexibility of appointment times, and ensured privacy to abortion users may make abortion services via telemedicine preferable. This scoping review systematically mapped studies conducted on abortion services via telemedicine, including their effectiveness and acceptability for abortion users and providers. All published papers included abortion services via telemedicine in the United States were considered. Articles were searched in PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases in September 2022. The findings were synthesized narratively, and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used to report this study. Out of 757 retrieved articles, 33 articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. These studies were published between 2011 and 2022, with 24 published in the last 3 years. The study found that telemedicine increased access to abortion care in the United States, especially for people in remote areas or those worried about stigma from in-person visits. The effectiveness of abortion services via telemedicine was comparable to in-clinic visits, with 6% or fewer abortions requiring surgical intervention. Both care providers and abortion seekers expressed positive perceptions of telemedicine-based abortion services. However, abortion users reported mixed emotions, with some preferring in-person visits. The most common reasons for choosing telemedicine included the distance to the abortion clinic, convenience, privacy, cost, flexibility of appointment times, and state laws imposing waiting periods or restrictive policies. Telemedicine offered a preferable option for abortion seekers and providers. The feasibility of accessing abortion services via telemedicine in low-resource settings needs further investigation.
A versatile Plasmodium falciparum reporter line expressing NanoLuc enables highly sensitive multi-stage drug assays
Authors: Miyazaki Yukiko , Vos Martijn W. , Geurten Fiona J. A. , Bigeard Pierre , Kroeze Hans , Yoshioka Shohei , Arisawa Mitsuhiro , Inaoka Daniel Ken , Soulard Valerie , Dechering Koen J. , Franke-Fayard Blandine , Miyazaki Shinya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransgenic luciferase-expressing Plasmodium falciparum parasites have been widely used for the evaluation of anti-malarial compounds. Here, to screen for anti-malarial drugs effective against multiple stages of the parasite, we generate a P. falciparum reporter parasite that constitutively expresses NanoLuciferase (NanoLuc) throughout its whole life cycle. The NanoLuc-expressing P. falciparum reporter parasite shows a quantitative NanoLuc signal in the asexual blood, gametocyte, mosquito, and liver stages. We also establish assay systems to evaluate the anti-malarial activity of compounds at the asexual blood, gametocyte, and liver stages, and then determine the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of several anti-malarial compounds. Through the development of this robust high-throughput screening system, we identify an anti-malarial compound that kills the asexual blood stage parasites. Our study highlights the utility of the NanoLuc reporter line, which may advance anti-malarial drug development through the improved screening of compounds targeting the human malarial parasite at multiple stages.
A prolonged stress rat model recapitulates some PTSD-like changes in sleep and neuronal connectivity
Authors: Lo Yun , Yi Pei-Lu , Hsiao Yi-Tse , Lee Tung-Yen , Chang Fang-Chia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibits psychological abnormalities during fear memory processing in rodent models. To simulate long-term impaired fear extinction in PTSD patients, we constructed a seven-day model with multiple prolonged stress (MPS) by modifying manipulation repetitions, intensity, and unpredictability of stressors. Behavioral and neural changes following MPS conveyed longitudinal PTSD-like effects in rats for 6 weeks. Extended fear memory was estimated through fear retrieval induced-freezing behavior and increased long-term serum corticosterone concentrations after MPS manipulation. Additionally, memory retrieval and behavioral anxiety tasks continued enhancing theta oscillation activity in the prefrontal cortex-basal lateral amygdala-ventral hippocampus pathway for an extended period. Moreover, MPS and remote fear retrieval stimuli disrupted sleep-wake activities to consolidate fear memory. Our prolonged fear memory, neuronal connectivity, anxiety, and sleep alteration results demonstrated integrated chronic PTSD symptoms in an MPS-induced rodent model.
FAM201A encodes small protein NBASP to inhibit neuroblastoma progression via inactivating MAPK pathway mediated by FABP5
Authors: Ye Mujie , Gao Runnan , Chen Shiyu , Bai Jianan , Chen Jinhao , Lu Feiyu , Gu Danyang , Shi Xiaoting , Yu Ping , Tian Ye , Tang Qiyun , Dong Kuiran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is one of the most important RNA regulators in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma (NB). Here, we found that FAM201A was low expressed in NB and a variety of gain and loss of function studies elucidated the anti-tumor effects of FAM201A on the regulation of proliferation, migration and invasion of NB cells. Intriguingly, we identified the ability of FAM201A to encode the tumor-suppressing protein, NBASP, which interacted with FABP5 and negatively regulated its expression. In vivo assays also revealed NBASP repressed NB growth via inactivating MAPK pathway mediated by FABP5. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that NBASP encoded by FAM201A played a tumor-suppressor role in NB carcinogenesis via down-regulating FABP5 to inactivate the MAPK pathway. These results extended our understanding of the relationship of lncRNA-encoded functional peptides and plasticity of tumor progression.
Impact of conformation and intramolecular interactions on vibrational circular dichroism spectra identified with machine learning
Authors: Vermeyen Tom , Cunha Ana , Bultinck Patrick , Herrebout Wouter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectra often differ strongly from one conformer to another, even within the same absolute configuration of a molecule. Simulated molecular VCD spectra typically require expensive quantum chemical calculations for all conformers to generate a Boltzmann averaged total spectrum. This paper reports whether machine learning (ML) can partly replace these quantum chemical calculations by capturing the intricate connection between a conformer geometry and its VCD spectrum. Three hypotheses concerning the added value of ML are tested. First, it is shown that for a single stereoisomer, ML can predict the VCD spectrum of a conformer from solely the conformer geometry. Second, it is found that the ML approach results in important time savings. Third, the ML model produced is unfortunately hardly transferable from one stereoisomer to another.
Action of the general anaesthetic isoflurane reveals coupling between viscoelasticity and electrophysiological activity in individual neurons
Authors: Adam Casey , Kayal Celine , Ercole Ari , Contera Sonia , Ye Hua , Jerusalem Antoine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGeneral anaesthetics are widely used for their analgesic, immobilising, and hypnotic effects. The mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear, but likely arise from alterations to cell microstructure, and potentially mechanics. Here we investigate this hypothesis using a custom experimental setup combining calcium imaging and nanoindentation to quantify the firing activity and mechanical properties of dorsal root ganglion-derived neurons exposed to a clinical concentration of 1% isoflurane gas, a halogenated ether commonly used in general anaesthesia. We found that cell viscoelasticity and functional activity are simultaneously and dynamically altered by isoflurane at different stages of exposure. Particularly, cell firing count correlated linearly with the neuronal loss tangent, the ratio of mechanical energy dissipation and storage by the cell. Our results demonstrate that anaesthetics affect cells as a whole, reconciling seemingly contradictory theories of how anaesthetics operate, and highlight the importance of considering cell mechanics in neuronal functions, anaesthesia, and clinical neuroscience in general.
An approach for prospective forecasting of rock slope failure time
Authors: Leinauer Johannes , Weber Samuel , Cicoira Alessandro , Beutel Jan , Krautblatter Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRock slope failures globally account for most single-event landslide disasters. Climatic changes in mountain areas boost failure activity and the demand for reliable failure time forecasts. State-of-the-art prediction models are often confused with high-frequency slope deformation data. Prospectively, they provide ambiguous forecasts as data filtering, starting point definition and forecast uncertainty remain arbitrary. Here, we develop a prospective failure time forecast model that applies multiple filtering and inverse velocity percentiles to minimize subjective decisions. We test the concept with 14 historic slope failures of 102-108 m3including 46 displacement datasets from different sensors. After automatic detection of the onset of acceleration, the failure time of all events is forecasted to within −1 ± 17 h for higher-frequency data and −1 ± 4 d for daily data with a final mean uncertainty of 1 ± 1 d and 7 ± 4 d that is estimated in real-time. This prospective approach overcomes previous long-standing problems by introducing a robust and uniform concept across various types of catastrophic slope failures and sensors.
Continuous decrease in soil organic matter despite increased plant productivity in an 80-years-old phosphorus-addition experiment
Authors: Spohn Marie , Braun Sabina , Sierra Carlos A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to understand how eight decades of tillage affected soil element dynamics. We measured soil chemical properties and the14C:12C ratio (Δ14C) of organic carbon in one of the oldest cropland experiments in Europe with different levels of phosphorus addition. Soil total and organic phosphorus stocks in the uppermost 20 cm did not differ significantly between the control and the phosphorus addition treatments after 80 years, indicating plant phosphorus uptake from the subsoil. Crop yields increased from 220 g dry weight m−2in 1936 to more than 500 g dry weight m−2in the 2010s. The soil total organic carbon and total organic phosphorus stocks decreased by 13.7% and 11.6%, respectively, in the uppermost 20 cm of the soils during the experiment, irrespective of phosphorus addition. Based on modeling of Δ14C, we show that the mean transit time of carbon in the soil was below 10 years, indicating that a large share of the carbon inputs to soil is quickly respired. Our results suggest that the current agricultural practice at this long-term experiment is not sustainable because it led to a continuous decrease in soil organic matter over the last decades, despite increases in plant productivity.
Preliminary Evidence for Dementia Collaborative Coaching
Authors: Douglas Natalie F. , Browning Susan , Claypool Kathy 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The primary purpose of this study was to obtain preliminary evidence for a communication coaching intervention, Dementia Collaborative Coaching. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the intervention according to routine care providers.

Method:
In a pre-/posttest design, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) delivered Dementia Collaborative Coaching to certified nursing assistants (CNAs) and people living with dementia (PLWD) in six different skilled nursing facilities over a period of 6 weeks. A self-perceived knowledge and efficacy measure regarding the use of external memory aids to support communication in PLWD was administered to CNA and SLP participants. The Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory was administered to PLWD participants. The Acceptability of Intervention Measure, Intervention Appropriateness Measure, and Feasibility of Intervention Measure were administered post-intervention.

Results:

For CNAs, self-perceived knowledge and efficacy increased from pre-intervention (
M
= 3.73,
SD
= 0.69) to post-intervention (
M
= 4.07,
SD
= 0.44),
t
(11) = −1.97, one-sided
p
= .037. There was a significant improvement (e.g., reduction) in scores on the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory for PLWD (
n
= 10) from pre-intervention (
M
= 73.10,
SD
= 29.98) to post-intervention (
M
= 58.6,
SD
= 18.82),
t
(9) = 2.83,
p
= .01. CNA participants (
n
= 12) rated the intervention as acceptable (
M
= 4.48,
SD
= 0.48), appropriate (
M
= 4.33,
SD
= 0.61), and feasible (
M
= 4.19,
SD
= 0.48). SLPs rated the intervention as slightly more acceptable, appropriate, and feasible than CNAs with scores of
M
= 4.54,
SD
= 0.51;
M
= 4.54,
SD
= 0.51; and
M
= 4.46,
SD
= 0.51, respectively.

Conclusions:
Dementia Collaborative Coaching showed preliminary positive outcomes for CNAs and PLWD. The intervention was acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for routine providers and warrants further study.
Dynamic on‐state resistance instability characterization of a multi‐chip‐GaN MIS‐HEMTs cascode power module
Authors: Elangovan Surya , Cheng Stone , Jang Wen‐Yea , Chang Edward Yi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe dynamic on‐state resistance instability of a high‐current cascode multi‐GaN‐chip power module under high frequency and voltage switching conditions is demonstrated in this paper. The presented double pulse test topology is utilized to evaluate switching dependencies on voltage, current, and frequency, showing its versatility in investigating the switching instability of the device. The extended defects in the buffer layer resulted in a decrease in dynamic on‐state resistance (RDS‐ON) under hard switching conditions. Despite this, no noticeable RDS‐ON degradation occurs under harsh switching conditions due to electron de‐trapping. This study comprehensively analyzes the dynamic stability of a multi‐GaN‐chip cascode module with devices.
A single‐layer substrate‐integrated waveguide filtering antenna with three independently controllable radiation nulls
Authors: Ma Jingwei , Zhou Dongfang , Wang Xian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a single‐layer substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) filtering antenna with three independently controllable radiation nulls is presented. The antenna consists of a single‐layer SIW loaded with two radiation gaps, four metallization columns, and folded‐type slots etched on the chip. The back‐cavity double slots are responsible for extending the bandwidth and realizing the radiation function. Three radiation nulls are generated by analyzing the current distribution of the radiation chip, radiation gap, and folded slots. By adjusting the radiation gap distance, the length of the radiation gap, and the folded slot, three broadside radiation nulls are independently controlled without influence on each other. Therefore, flexible out‐of‐band suppression characteristic is obtained. For demonstration, a prototype is fabricated and tested. The measurements match the simulation results better. The filtering antenna operates at 3.70 GHz with a bandwidth of 5.68% (3.59–3.80 GHz), achieving an average realized gain of 5.10 dBi in a flat passband. The out‐of‐band rejection level exceeds 20 dB.
Gravitational search algorithm‐extreme learning machine for COVID‐19 active cases forecasting
Authors: Huang Boyu , Song Youyi , Cui Zhihan , Dou Haowen , Jiang Dazhi , Zhou Teng , Qin Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCorona Virus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has shattered people's daily lives and is spreading rapidly across the globe. Existing non‐pharmaceutical intervention solutions often require timely and precise selection of small areas of people for containment or even isolation. Although such containment has been successful in stopping or mitigating the spread of COVID‐19 in some countries, it has been criticized as inefficient or ineffective, because of the time‐delayed and sophisticated nature of the statistics on determining cases. To address these concerns, we propose a GSA‐ELM model based on a gravitational search algorithm to forecast the global number of active cases of COVID‐19. The model employs the gravitational search algorithm, which utilises the gravitational law between two particles to guide the motion of each particle to optimise the search for the global optimal solution, and utilises an extreme learning machine to address the effects of nonlinearity in the number of active cases. Extensive experiments are conducted on the statistical COVID‐19 dataset from Johns Hopkins University, the MAPE of the authors’ model is 7.79%, which corroborates the superiority of the model to state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Subjektive und objektivierte Riech- und Schmeckstörungen aus einer HNO-Post-COVID-19-Sprechstunde
Authors: Gudziol Hilmar , Bitter Thomas , Schade Ulrike , Laute Kerstin , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Riechstörungen gehören zu den 4 häufigsten Post-COVID-19-Beschwerden. Ziel unserer prospektiven Studie aus einer universitären HNO-Post-COVID-Sprechstunde (PCS) war es, die Beschwerden mit psychophysischen Testergebnissen zu untermauern.
Methoden Nach einer HNO-Untersuchung wurden 60 Post-COVID-19-Patienten (41 Frauen) schriftlich zu ihrer Krankengeschichte befragt. Ihre Riechfähigkeit wurde mit der erweiterten Sniffin’-Sticks-Testbatterie getestet, und ihr Schmeckvermögen wurde mit dem 3-Tropfen-Test bestimmt. Aus diesen Daten konnten 3 quantitative olfaktorische (RD) und gustatorische (SD) Diagnosen aus Normalwerttabellen definiert werden. Jeder zweite Patient nahm an einer Kontrolluntersuchung teil.
Ergebnisse Bis zur Erstuntersuchung gaben 60 Patienten Riech- und 51 Schmeckstörungen an; ihre durchschnittliche Dauer betrug in beiden Fällen 11 Monate. Objektivierte pathologische RD und SD hatten 87% bzw. 42% der Gesamtkohorte. Jeder dritte Patient litt an einer objektivierten Kombination aus olfaktorischen und gustatorischen Schäden. Etwa jeder zweite Patient klagte über eine Parosmie. Parosmische Patienten mit 2 Untersuchungsterminen kamen früher zur Kontrolle. Sechs Monate nach der Erstuntersuchung hatten sich bei diesen Patienten die Wahrnehmungsschwellen, der SDI und die RD verbessert. Die Selbsteinschätzung der Riechfähigkeit hatte sich nicht verändert.
Schlussfolgerungen Objektivierte pathologische RD persistierten in unserem PCS für durchschnittlich anderthalb Jahre seit Beginn der Infektion. Parosmiker hatten eine bessere Prognose. Für das Gesundheitssystem und insbesondere für die betroffenen Patienten stellen sie auch nach der Pandemie eine Belastung dar.
Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia and Emergence Delirium Influence the Incidence of Postoperative Maladaptive Behavioral Changes
Authors: Gil Mayo Diego , Sanabria Carretero Pascual , Gajate Martin Luis , Alonso Calderón Jose , Gomez Rojo Maria , Hernández Oliveros Francisco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective Surgical intervention in pediatric patients can cause variable degrees of psychological stress with potential consequences in the perioperative period and even in the long term, after hospital discharge in the form of behavioral changes days and months later. The aim of our study was to determine which preoperative preparation strategy reduces postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes in children undergoing ambulatory pediatric surgery.
Materials and Methods This prospective observational study included 638 pediatric American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II patients who underwent ambulatory pediatric surgery. They were grouped into four preoperative preparation groups: not premedicated (NADA), premedicated with midazolam (MDZ), parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA), and parental presence during induction of anesthesia and premedicated with midazolam (PPIA + MDZ). All patients included in the study were contacted by telephone during 1 year posthospital discharge to assess the postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes using the Posthospitalization Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ). We performed a multivariate analysis to evaluate the influence of type of preparation and behavioral changes.
Results Patients in the PPIA and PPIA + MDZ preparation groups presented less postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes compared to patients in the NADA and MDZ groups (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8 [1.1–2.8] and OR 2.2 [1.03–4.49]) during the first week and first month. The intensity of emergence delirium measured by the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale increases the probability of postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes (OR: 1.05 [1.006–1.103]).
Conclusion The presence of parents during induction of anesthesia (PPIA and PPIA + MDZ) is a very effective strategy in reducing postoperative behavioral changes. These benefits are more significant in children under 5 years of age.