bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using quantile regression and relative entropy to assess the period of anomalous behavior of marine mammals following tagging
Authors: Nielsen Lars Reiter , Tervo Outi M. , Blackwell Susanna B. , Heide‐Jørgensen Mads Peter , Ditlevsen Susanne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTagging of animals induces a variable stress response which following release will obscure natural behavior. It is of scientific relevance to establish methods that assess recovery from such behavioral perturbation and generalize well to a broad range of animals, while maintaining model transparency. We propose two methods that allow for subdivision of animals based on covariates, and illustrate their use on narwhals (Monodon monoceros) and bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus), captured and instrumented with Acousonde™ behavioral tags, but with a framework that easily generalizes to other marine animals and sampling units. The narwhals were divided into two groups based on handling time, short ( min) and long ( min), to measure the effect on recovery. Proxies for energy expenditure (VeDBA) and rapid movement (jerk) were derived from accelerometer data. Diving profiles were characterized using two metrics (target depth and dive duration) derived from depth data. For accelerometer data, recovery was estimated using quantile regression (QR) on the log‐transformed response, whereas depth data were addressed using relative entropy (RE) between hourly distributions of dive duration (partitioned into three target depth ranges) and the long‐term average distribution. Quantile regression was used to address location‐based behavior to accommodate distributional shifts anticipated in aquatic locomotion. For all narwhals, we found fast recovery in the tail of the distribution (<3 h) compared with a variable recovery at the median (∼1–10 h) and with a significant difference between groups separated by handling time. Estimates of bowhead whale recovery times showed fast median recovery (<3 h) and slow recovery at the tail (>6 h), but were affected by substantial uncertainty. For the diving profiles, as characterized by the component pair (target depth, dive duration), the recovery was slower (narwhals‐long: h; narwhals‐short: h; bowhead whales: <9 h) and with a difference between narwhals with short vs long handling times. Using simple statistical concepts, we have presented two transparent and general methods for analyzing high‐resolution time series data from marine animals, addressing energy expenditure, activity, and diving behavior, and which allows for comparison between groups of animals based on well‐defined covariates.
Overwinter users of nest cavities affect breeding birds via nest‐dwelling ectoparasites
Authors: García‐Núñez Antonio José , Tomás Gustavo , Zamora‐Muñoz Carmen , Valera Francisco , Soler Juan José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCavities used for avian reproduction in spring often host other organisms for roosting during winter, which should affect their microclimatic conditions and, then, the patterns of emergence of nest‐dwelling ectoparasites of birds and successful parasitism. To prove these cascade effects, we experimentally blocked the entrance of half of nest boxes previously used for reproduction by hoopoes (Upupa epops), recorded temperature and humidity during the fall–winter period, and evaluated abundance, emergence of ectoparasitic flies (Carnus hemapterus), and intensity of parasitism in hoopoe nestlings growing in open and blocked nest boxes the next spring. As expected, experimental treatment as well as the occupancy of open nest boxes by rodents (i.e., mainly dormice [Eliomys quercinus]) affected temperature and humidity, but did not predict the onset or duration of Carnus emergence. Moreover, flies were more abundant in open nest boxes and, among them, those occupied by dormice showed the lowest abundance. Finally, hoopoe nestlings developing in nest boxes blocked during winter experienced lower intensity of ectoparasitism than those in open nest boxes. These hitherto undescribed cryptic effects of overwinter occupants of nest cavities on subsequent emergence and viability of nest‐dwelling ectoparasites would profoundly impact on the interaction with their avian hosts.
Nitrogen dynamics of grassland soils with differing habitat quality: high temporal resolution captures the details
Authors: Kukowski Sina , Ruser Reiner , Piepho Hans‐Peter , Gayler Sebastian , Streck Thilo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExcessive nitrogen (N) input is one of the major threats for species‐rich grasslands. The ongoing deterioration of habitat quality highlights the necessity to further investigate underlying N turnover processes. Our objectives were (1) to quantify gross and net rates of mineral N production (mineralization and nitrification) and consumption in seminatural grasslands in southwest Germany, with excellent or poor habitat quality, (2) to monitor the temporal variability of these processes, and (3) to investigate differences between calcareous and decalcified soils. In 2016 and 2017, gross N turnover rates were measured using the 15N pool dilution technique in situ on four Arrhenatherion meadows in biweekly cycles between May and November. Simultaneously, net rates of mineralization and nitrification, soil temperature, and moisture were measured. The vegetation was mapped, and basic soil properties were determined. The calcareous soils showed higher gross nitrification rates compared with gross mineralization. In contrast, nitrification was inhibited in the decalcified soils, most likely due to the low pH, and mineralization was the dominant process. Both mineralization and nitrification were characterized by high temporal variability (especially the former) and short residence times of N in the corresponding pools (<2 days) at all sites. This illustrates that high temporal resolution is necessary during the growing season to detect N mineralization patterns and capture variability. Parallel determination of net N turnover rates showed almost no variability, highlighting that net rates are not suitable for drawing conclusions about actual gross turnover rates. During the growing season, the data show no clear relationship between soil temperature/soil moisture and gross N turnover rates. For future experiments, recording of microbial biomass, dissolved organic matter, and root N uptake should be considered.
Hardwoods influence effect of climate and intraspecific competition on growth of woodland longleaf pine trees
Authors: Bigelow Seth W. , Rollosson Anna , Vogel Jason , Whelan Andrew W. , Rother Monica 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLongleaf pine woodlands of the North American Coastal Plain are proposed to be resilient to climate change impacts, but little is known about changes in limiting factors to longleaf pine growth as climate has changed in late 20th century and early 21st century. Moreover, the role that neighborhood trees play in the context of climate change remains largely unexplored. We used static and moving window tree ring and climatic analyses to measure the effects of climate on longleaf pine growth at a site in southwest Georgia, USA. We then performed maximum likelihood analysis to examine the influence of neighboring hardwoods on the response of longleaf pine growth to the joint effects of competition and climate. Analysis of climate data from local stations in southwest Georgia over six decades indicated that mean air temperature decreased until the late 20th century then began to rise, and that the variability of spring and summer precipitation has increased. Tree ring and climate analyses indicated longleaf pine radial growth is sensitive to precipitation and air temperature, and that the strength of correlation of longleaf pine growth to summer air temperature and summer precipitation increased since the 1950s. Likelihood models, which were applied over a shorter (23‐year) period and explicitly incorporated competition, did not support a link between summer temperature and growth but did indicate summer precipitation increased growth. Furthermore, basal area (BA) of neighboring hardwoods was correlated with greater pine growth per millimeter of precipitation. BA of neighboring longleaf pine negatively affected growth of conspecific trees; the presence of hardwoods increased the competitive effect when BA of neighboring pine trees was low (<10 m2 ha−1) but decreased the competitive effect when BA of neighboring pine trees was high (≥10 m2 ha−1). These results suggest that retention or recruitment of hardwood trees when restoring longleaf pine woodlands may contribute to increased ability to withstand dry summers and may help to allay concerns of managers that retention of hardwoods will unduly affect growth of residual mature longleaf pines.
Phosphorus scarcity contributes to nitrogen limitation in lowland tropical rainforests
Authors: Vallicrosa Helena , Lugli Laynara F. , Fuchslueger Lucia , Sardans Jordi , Ramirez‐Rojas Irene , Verbruggen Erik , Grau Oriol , Bréchet Laëtitia , Peguero Guille , Van Langenhove Leandro , Verryckt Lore T. , Terrer César , Llusià Joan , Ogaya Romà , Márquez Laura , Roc‐Fernández Pere , Janssens Ivan , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is increasing evidence to suggest that soil nutrient availability can limit the carbon sink capacity of forests, a particularly relevant issue considering today's changing climate. This question is especially important in the tropics, where most part of the Earth's plant biomass is stored. To assess whether tropical forest growth is limited by soil nutrients and to explore N and P limitations, we analyzed stem growth and foliar elemental composition of the five stem widest trees per plot at two sites in French Guiana after 3 years of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and N + P addition. We also compared the results between potential N‐fixer and non‐N‐fixer species. We found a positive effect of N fertilization on stem growth and foliar N, as well as a positive effect of P fertilization on stem growth, foliar N, and foliar P. Potential N‐fixing species had greater stem growth, greater foliar N, and greater foliar P concentrations than non‐N‐fixers. In terms of growth, there was a negative interaction between N‐fixer status, N + P, and P fertilization, but no interaction with N fertilization. Because N‐fixing plants do not show to be completely N saturated, we do not anticipate N providing from N‐fixing plants would supply non‐N‐fixers. Although the soil‐age hypothesis only anticipates P limitation in highly weathered systems, our results for stem growth and foliar elemental composition indicate the existence of considerable N and P co‐limitation, which is alleviated in N‐fixing plants. The evidence suggests that certain mechanisms invest in N to obtain the scarce P through soil phosphatases, which potentially contributes to the N limitation detected by this study.
The impact of regional material flows on circular economy: A case study of southwest China
Authors: Wang Minxi , Chen Lu , Liu Lu , Zhang Rui , Cheng Hong , Li Xin , Su Hao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCircular economy is beneficial to solve the conflict between the environment and development. The study combines the material flow in human society with the evaluation of the regional circular economy. Through the evaluation method combining DEA and rank‐sum ratio, the development level of circular economy in this area is evaluated from both vertical and horizontal perspectives (time level and space level). The result shows: (1) from the point of view of material input, direct material input, total material demand and total material consumption all show an upward trend. The overall resource input is relatively large. (2) In terms of material output, the emission is increasing. But the growth rate is relatively slow. The emission reduction effect is outstanding. The resource output rate showed a continuous growth trend. Economic development is less dependent on the massive consumption of natural resources. (3) In terms of material circulation, the import volume of natural resources outside the province in the southwest region increased. Solid waste recycling is not high. (4) Judging from the evaluation results, the development level of Sichuan's circular economy is relatively stable. Followed by Chongqing and Guizhou. However, the level of development in Yunnan fluctuates greatly. The material consumption rate in Southwest China is higher than the economic growth rate. Resource input and resource consumption are still relatively large. Although some environmental indicators have improved, there are still serious resource and environmental problems in the future economic development of the western region that need to be paid attention. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Prognostic factors for development of distant metastases and oncological outcomes
Authors: Mattioli Francesco , Lo Manto Alfredo , Miglio Matteo , Serafini Edoardo , Rossi Davide , Valerini Sara , Tonelli Roberto , Fermi Matteo , Pugliese Giuseppe , Bertolini Federica , D'Angelo Elisa , Depenni Roberta , Dominici Massimo , Lohr Frank R. H. , Marchioni Daniele 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDistant metastasis (DM) development in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC) represents an important prognostic factor. The identification of a phenotype of metastatic patients may better define therapeutic and follow‐up programs.MethodsWe included 408 patients with OPSCC, non‐metastatic at the time of diagnosis, and treated with curative intent. The Overall Survival (OS) analyses were performed and the impact of developing DM on survival was analyzed through Cox proportional‐hazard regression model.Results57 (14%) patients develop DM. 302 (74%) were p16+ OPSCC and 35 of them experienced DM. Advanced clinical stage, smoking, p16‐status, response to primary treatment, and loco‐regional relapse influence the DM rate. Only in the p16+ group, DM onset results in a greater impact on OS (p < 0.0001). Lung metastases have a better OS compared to non‐pulmonary ones (p = 0.049).ConclusionThis retrospective study shows a possible stratification of OPSCC patients based on the risk of the development of DMs.
A Wellbeing Index for South Australia
Authors: Pontifex Katherine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssue addressedWellbeing SA, an independent South Australian government agency, developed a Wellbeing Index for South Australia across a 12‐month period in 2021–2022 to enable the measurement of wellbeing outcomes for the state.MethodsThe development of the Index was a methodical process based on two key emphases—evidence‐based action and working in partnership. The steps included a scoping of existing wellbeing measurement frameworks and then working with a broad range of partner agencies to define the purpose, scope and structure for the Index and subsequently the content (indicators, their measures and the most robust data available).ResultsA Wellbeing Index for South Australia was launched in June 2022 on the Wellbeing SA website. It is structured against domains of physical, mental, social/community, Aboriginal cultural wellbeing and the underpinning determinants of wellbeing.ConclusionsThe Index communicates the importance and the breadth of wellbeing outcomes addressed by the various health promotion and policy actors in South Australia and provides a sound basis for monitoring the wellbeing of the community over time.So what?Measuring wellbeing is identified by proponents of a Wellbeing Economy as one useful mechanism, alongside legislation, policy and funding, for shaping a broader definition of a successful society. The health promotion community, and their partners, have a role to play in promoting the importance of a broad definition of wellbeing, and in identifying robust and meaningful indicators. This paper offers other jurisdictions insights into the process used, and challenges encountered, in creating the Index.
Social determinants and participation in fecal occult blood test based colorectal cancer screening: A qualitative systematic review and meta‐synthesis
Authors: Marinucci Nicole , Moy Naomi , Koloski Natasha , Shah Ayesha , Austin Glenn , Russell‐Bennett Rebekah , McGraw Jacquie , Dulleck Uwe , Holtmann Gerald 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedColorectal cancer (CRC) screening through fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) has saved thousands of lives globally with multiple countries adopting comprehensive population wide screening programs. Participation rates in FOBT based CRC screening for the socially and economically disadvantaged remains low. The aim of this systematic review is to explore empirical evidence that will guide targeted interventions to improve participation rates within priority populations.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cinahl and PsycInfo were systematically searched from inception to 22 June 2022. Eligible studies contained qualitative evidence identifying barriers to FOBT based CRC screening for populations impacted by the social determinants of health. An inductive thematic synthesis approach was applied using grounded theory methodology, to explore descriptive themes and interpret these into higher order analytical constructs and theories.ResultsA total of 8,501 publications were identified and screened. A total of 48 studies from 10 countries were eligible for inclusion, representing 2,232 subjects. Coding within included studies resulted in 30 key descriptive themes with a thematic frequency greater than 10%. Coded themes applied to four overarching, interconnected barriers driving inequality for priority populations: social, behavioural, economic and technical/interfaces.So What?This study has highlighted the need for stronger patient/provider relationships to mitigate barriers to FOBT screening participation for diverse groups. Findings can assist health professionals and policy makers address the systemic exclusion of priority populations in cancer screening by moving beyond the responsibility of the individual to a focus on addressing the information asymmetry driving low value perceptions.
Cumulative risks of false positive recall and screen‐detected breast cancer after multiple screening examinations
Authors: Kregting Lindy M. , van Ravesteyn Nicolien T. , Chootipongchaivat Sarocha , Heijnsdijk Eveline A. M. , Otten Johannes D. M. , Broeders Mireille J. M. , de Koning Harry J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWomen tend to make a decision about participation in breast cancer screening and adhere to this for future invitations. Therefore, our study aimed to provide high‐quality information on cumulative risks of false‐positive (FP) recall and screen‐detected breast cancer over multiple screening examinations. Individual Dutch screening registry data (2005‐2018) were gathered on subsequent screening examinations of 92 902 women age 49 to 51 years in 2005. Survival analyses were used to calculate cumulative risks of a FP and a true‐positive (TP) result after seven examinations. Data from 66 472 women age 58 to 59 years were used to extrapolate to 11 examinations. Participation, detection and additional FP rates were calculated for women who previously received FP results compared to women with true negative (TN) results. After 7 examinations, the cumulative risk of a TP result was 3.7% and the cumulative risk of a FP result was 9.1%. After 11 examinations, this increased to 7.1% and 13.5%, respectively. Following a FP result, participation was lower (71%‐81%) than following a TN result (>90%). In women with a FP result, more TP results (factor 1.59 [95% CI: 1.44‐1.72]), more interval cancers (factor 1.66 [95% CI: 1.41‐1.91]) and more FP results (factor 1.96 [95% CI: 1.87‐2.05]) were found than in women with TN results. In conclusion, due to a low recall rate in the Netherlands, the cumulative risk of a FP recall is relatively low, while the cumulative risk of a TP result is comparable. Breast cancer diagnoses and FP results were more common in women with FP results than in women with TN results, while participation was lower.
Investor attention and environmental information disclosure quality: Evidence from heavy pollution industries in China
Authors: Yao Shouyu , Li Tong , Sensoy Ahmet , Fang Zhenming , Cheng Feiyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUsing listed firms from 16 heavy pollution industries in China, we show that investor attention can significantly improve the quality of corporate environmental information disclosure. By examining the heterogeneity effects of investor attention under different firm characteristics, locations, and external supervision, we reveal that this improvement effect is more pronounced for smaller firms, state‐owned enterprises, firms with weaker corporate governance, and firms located in China's western regions (regions with poor economic development). We further find that public's attention to environmental issues promotes the investor attention level on firms in heavy pollution industries, thus improving firms' environmental information disclosure quality. Overall, our results emphasize the role of external investor attention on corporate environmental issues.
Coalescence in Droplet Dispersions
Authors: Smith D. V. , Davies G. A. 
Published: April 2023

The separation of droplet dispersions at a phase boundary between two liquids is discussed. Results are reported for a series of liquid‐liquid systems chosen to cover a wide range of physical properties, interfacial tension from 4‐55 dynes/cm, density difference from 0.004 to 0.35 gm/cm3 and viscosities from 0.6 to 14 cp. The depth of a droplet bed at a phase boundary is shown to be a function of the size of the drops entering the bed and in the equipment used to depend also on the nature of the walls of the apparatus. Correlations are presented from which the depth of a droplet dispersion can be calculated.On discute la séparation de dispersions de gouttelettes au point limite des phases de deux liquides. On rapporte les résultats dans le cas d'une série de systèmes formés de deux liquides et choisis de manière à embrasser un éventail considérable de propriétés physiques, nommément une tension interraciale de 4 à 55 dynes par centimètre, une différence de densité comprise entre 0.004 et 0.35 grammes par centimètre cube et des viscosités allant de 0.6 à 14 centipoises. On voit que la profondeur d'une couche de gouttelettes au point‐limite des phases est fonction des dimensions des gouttes qui pénètrent dans la couche, de l'outillage utilisé et de la nature des parois du récipient. On présente des corrélations d'où l'on peut calculer la profondeur d'une dispersion de gouttelettes.