bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A NIR‐II Fluorescent Probe for Hydrogen Sulfide Detection Based on Blocking Intramolecular Charge Transfer
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Xue Yonggan , Hu Lijuan , Sun Fang , Nie Jun , Chang Yincheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA NIR‐II fluorescent probe (Et‐1080) for H2S detection was fabricated based on the intramolecular charge transfer blocking mechanism. The enhanced electron density of the indole donor further drove the Et‐1080′s absorption and emission to the NIR‐II region with a high molar absorption coefficient and acceptable fluorescence quantum yield. The C=N double bond of electron‐deficient indole can react with H2S rapidly via a nucleophilic addition mechanism, resulting in the destruction of conjugated structure and fluorescence quenching of the Et‐1080 molecule. The probe showed high selectivity and sensitivity to H2S, which could realize the rapid detection of H2S in NIR‐II band and showed great potential in the further disease diagnosis associated with H2S.
A Green Approach for the Synthesis of 1,4‐Diphenylbutadiyne‐1,3 via C−H Activated Aerobic Csp−Csp Homocoupling Catalyzed by CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles.
Authors: Raigar Ashok K. , Saini Kamlesh , Manju  , Jyoti Nirmal , Thirumoorthi Ramalingam , Guleria Anjali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn inexpensive, simple, and greener catalytic system with lower toxicity using CuFe2O4 nanoparticles in the presence of piperidine and dry toluene as a solvent has been reported for the synthesis of 1,4‐diphenylbutadiyne‐1,3, via C−H activated aerobic Csp−Csp homocoupling. This protocol provides 66 % of yield at the gram‐scale level making it appropriate for production at a larger scale. The catalyst shows reusability for up to five cycles without losing any significant catalytic activity.
Probing the Interactions Between Anthanthrene Derivatives and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Through Aggregation Induced Emission
Authors: Mulla Karimulla , Morin Jean‐François 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAnthanthrene derivatives grafted with NHS‐ester groups on their side chains were found to interact with bovine serum albumins and show aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics in physiological conditions. While these anthanthrene compounds show very low emission profile in PBS buffer, a significant fluorescence turn‐on behaviour (up to 3.5‐fold) with emission in the red region was achieved upon binding to BSA, suggesting potential use as fluorescent labels in biological fluorescence sensing applications.
Genesis of Active Pt/CeO2 Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane by Reduction and Aggregation of Isolated Platinum Atoms into Clusters
Authors: Das Sonali , Anjum Uzma , Lim Kang Hui , He Qian , Hoffman Adam S. , Bare Simon R. , Kozlov Sergey M. , Gates Bruce C. , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAtomically dispersed metal catalysts offer the advantages of efficient metal utilization and high selectivities for reactions of technological importance. Such catalysts have been suggested to be strong candidates for dry reforming of methane (DRM), offering prospects of high selectivity for synthesis gas without coke formation, which requires ensembles of metal sites and is a challenge to overcome in DRM catalysis. However, investigations of the structures of isolated metal sites on metal oxide supports under DRM conditions are lacking, and the catalytically active sites remain undetermined. Data characterizing the DRM reaction‐driven structural evolution of a cerium oxide‐supported catalyst, initially incorporating atomically dispersed platinum, and the corresponding changes in catalyst performance are reported. X‐ray absorption and infrared spectra show that the reduction and agglomeration of isolated cationic platinum atoms to form small platinum clusters/nanoparticles are necessary for DRM activity. Density functional theory calculations of the energy barriers for methane dissociation on atomically dispersed platinum and on platinum clusters support these observations. The results emphasize the need for in‐operando experiments to assess the active sites in such catalysts. The inferences about the catalytically active species are suggested to pertain to a broad class of catalytic conversions involving the rate‐limiting dissociation of light alkanes.
Technological Perspective: Architecture, Integration, and Standards
Authors: Winter Alfred , Ammenwerth Elske , Haux Reinhold , Marschollek Michael , Steiner Bianca , Jahn Franziska 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHealth information systems can be described at three layers: The domain layer describing entity types and functions, the logical tool layer describing application components, and the physical tool layer. Data can be classified into personal and non-personal data and into standardized and non-standardized data.The architectures of an information system can be characterized by the number of databases, the number of application systems, the number of application software products and vendors, and the communication pattern.Technical interoperability describes the ability of application systems to send or receive data. Syntactic interoperability comprises the ability to use predefined message structures. Semantic interoperability means the ability to exchange and process meaningful messages. Process interoperability addresses whether application systems can cooperate. Interoperability standards support one or more aspects of interoperability.Integrating application systems leads to integrated health information systems. Data integration is achieved when data that have been recorded once in one application system are made available in other application systems. Semantic integration is achieved when application systems actually use the same system of concepts. User interface integration is guaranteed when different application systems organize their user interfaces in a unified way. Context integration is achieved when context is preserved when switching application systems. Feature integration is achieved when software features are implemented only once. Process integration is guaranteed when business processes are supported by cooperating application systems.Several integration technologies such as transaction management, communication servers, and open platforms support integrity and integration in heterogeneous health information systems.
Quality of Health Information Systems
Authors: Winter Alfred , Ammenwerth Elske , Haux Reinhold , Marschollek Michael , Steiner Bianca , Jahn Franziska 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe quality of the management of information systems comprises the quality of IT governance, the quality of strategic, tactical, and operational management, and the quality of architectures and infrastructures of health information systems.Quality of IT governance comprises, among other things, clear responsibilities for strategic, tactical, and operational management. Quality of strategic management comprises, among other things, the availability of a strategic information management plan aligned with business goals together with a strategic project portfolio and strategic monitoring based on key performance indicators. Quality of tactical management comprises state-of-the-art project management. Quality of operational management comprises, among other things, a business continuity plan, information technology service management and service-level agreements, and competent IT staff.The quality of architectures and infrastructures comprises, among other things, sufficient support for information and knowledge, reliable and user-friendly application systems, a flexible information system architecture, integrated application systems allowing high levels of data integration, semantic integration, context integration, user interface integration, feature integration, and process integration, and stable and available physical data processing systems.Evaluating the quality of information systems comprises several steps: identification of an evaluation question which depends on the phase of adoption of an application system and the decision that is to be made; deciding on a study design; the collection of quantitative or qualitative data; and, finally, answering the evaluation question to support a decision.
Past, Present, and Future of Polarized Hadron Beams
Authors: Roser Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe acceleration and storage of high energy polarized proton beams has made tremendous progress over the last 40 years challenging along the way the technologies, precision and the understanding of the beam dynamics of accelerators. This progress is most evident in that one can now contemplate high energy colliders with polarized beams and high luminosity at the same time. After a brief summary of the development and history of polarized proton beam acceleration this chapter will focus on the acceleration of polarized proton beams from MeV to the 100s of GeVs and the possibility of accelerating polarized beams to even higher energies in the future. Elements of the history of polarized electron beams, subject to the effects of synchrotron radiation, will be found in the electron beam polarization dedicated chapters in these lectures.
Polarized Ion Sources
Authors: Zelenski Anatoli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractState-of-the art of polarized proton, H− ion, D+ (D−) and 3He2+ ion beam sources are presented. Feasibility studies of new techniques are in progress at BNL and other laboratories. Polarized deuteron beams will be required for the polarization program at the Dubna NICA collider and at the deuteron Electric Dipole Moment experiment. Experiments with polarized 3He2+ ion beams are a part of the experimental program at the future Electron Ion Collider.
Polarized Electron Sources
Authors: Grames Joe , Poelker Matt 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHighly spin polarized electron beams produced from GaAs photocathodes within DC high voltage photoguns have been critical to many accelerator-based nuclear and particle physics experiments. This chapter describes polarized photoemission from GaAs, the main requirements for constructing a DC high voltage electron source, and techniques to control and measure the polarization of the electron beam.
Electron Polarimetry
Authors: Gaskell Dave 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectron polarimetry benefits from the ability to use processes with well-known analyzing powers, hence enabling high precision measurements. Several techniques are employed to measure electron beam polarization, including Mott, Møller, and Compton polarimetry. Each technique has particular advantages and disadvantages, depending on the application. This chapter will focus on the techniques used to measure electron beam polarization, with particular emphasis on the challenges and requirements for achieving high precision. The development of a conceptual design of a Compton polarimeter for the future Electron Ion Collider will also be discussed.
Spin Dynamics Tutorial: Numerical Simulations
Authors: Hock Kiel , Méot François , Morozov Vasiliy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNumerical simulations are inescapable steps in spin dynamics studies and in the design of polarized beam accelerators and optical components. An integral part of the Summer 2021 USPAS Spin Class teachings, under the form of a 2-week miniworkshop, this chapter is also an initiation to the field, “hands on”: in a first Section, numerical simulation exercises are proposed which cover many of the theoretical aspects of hadron and electron spin dynamics addressed during the lectures, including resonant depolarization; preservation methods such as harmonic orbit correction, tune jump, the use of an ac dipole, or snakes; the effect of synchrotron radiation; spin diffusion and its suppression; spin matching. A second Section is dedicated to detailed solutions of these simulation exercises and includes tight comparisons of numerical outcomes and theoretical expectations from the lectures.
Spinor Methods
Authors: Méot François 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter is an introduction to spinors and spinor algebra methods and their application in spin dynamics. Spinors and their manipulation are introduced, first, together with a number of properties of interest for the calculation of spin transport in special devices such as Siberian snakes, spin rotators, and in beam lines in general, and for the calculation as well of the effects of depolarizing resonances in cyclic accelerators. Practical application to spin transport follows. Spinor eigenvectors are introduced and applied to the calculation of stable spin precession direction in cyclic accelerators. Spin motion near integer and intrinsic resonances is derived using these techniques, and allows reproducing results obtained in the previous chapter.
Facetten des Diskursfeldes
Authors: Fischer-Kongtso Satu 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungN﻿achdem ﻿in Kapitel 4 die dominanten Diskursströmungen im Diskursfeld der Hamburger Einbürgerungsinitiative beleuchtet wurden, folgt in Kapitel 5 die Betrachtung verschiedener weiterführender Facetten des Diskursfeldes. Abschnitt 5.1 wagt einen ausschnitthaften Exkurs in die weitläufige Sphäre der Diskursrezeption. Abschnitt 5.2 untersucht Aspekte der Diskursproduktion exemplarisch am Beispiel der Hamburger Einbürgerungsfeiern. Abschnitt 5.3 widmet sich einem dritten dominanten Diskurs im Diskursfeld und seiner komplexen Verschränkung mit dem staatsnationalen Diskurs. Letztens analysiert Abschnitt 5.4 die Machttechniken der (v. a. aber nicht ausschließlich) massenmedial vermittelten Diskursproduktion.
Abschluss
Authors: Fischer-Kongtso Satu 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungK﻿apitel ﻿6 fasst die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse der vorangegangenen Kapitel zusammen und entwickelt aus den verschiedenen Puzzleteilen der Ergebnisse eine Antwort auf die zentrale Fragestellung sowie auf die sich daran anschließenden Teilfragen. Im Sinne eines weiterführenden Ausblicks wird überdies die Rolle beleuchtet, welche die Ethnologie (als verkoppelter Spezialdiskurs) im Hinblick auf das hier untersuchte Diskursfeld (sowie in der / für die weitere gesellschaftliche Debatte) einnimmt oder in der Zukunft vielleicht noch einnehmen könnte. Die Arbeit schließt mit einem (auf die Disputation dieser Dissertationsschrift zurückgehenden) persönlichen Nachwort, welches sich der – um mit Pierre Bourdieu zu sprechen – Participant Objectivation der Autorin und Forscherin widmet und vor dem Hintergrund ihrer soziokulturellen – wie wissenschaftlichen – Situiertheit die Implikationen (und Vorbedingungen) der hier vorgestellten Untersuchung sowohl transparent macht als auch anwendungsorientiert weiterdenkt.
PBH-infused seesaw origin of matter and unique gravitational waves
Authors: Borah Debasish , Das Suruj Jyoti , Samanta Rome , Urban Federico R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Standard Model, extended with three right-handed (RH) neutrinos, is the simplest model that can explain light neutrino masses, the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, and dark matter (DM). Models in which RH neutrinos are light are generally easier to test in experiments. In this work, we show that, even if the RH neutrinos are super-heavy (Mi=1,2,3> 109 GeV)—close to the Grand Unification scale—the model can be tested thanks to its distinct features on the stochastic Gravitational Wave (GW) background. We consider an early Universe filled with ultralight primordial black holes (PBH) that produce a super-heavy RH neutrino DM via Hawking radiation. The other pair of RH neutrinos generates the baryon asymmetry via thermal leptogenesis, much before the PBHs evaporate. GW interferometers can test this novel spectrum of masses thanks to the GWs induced by the PBH density fluctuations. In a more refined version, wherein a U(1) gauge symmetry breaking dynamically generates the seesaw scale, the PBHs also cause observable spectral distortions on the GWs from the U(1)-breaking cosmic strings. Thence, a low-frequency GW feature related to DM genesis and detectable with a pulsar-timing array must correspond to a mid- or high-frequency GW signature related to baryogenesis at interferometer scales.
Characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis
Authors: Wang Peng-Mei , Zhang Zhong-Wei , Zhang Shan , Xing Qian , Zhao Zhi-Yong , Lin Qiong-Hua , Shen Li-Hua , Xia Zhi-Li , Li Fang-Fang , Zhu Biao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used, a series of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been reported, including immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-pneumonitis). The incidence of ICI-pneumonitis is higher in reality than in clinical trials. The diagnosis is challenging, mainly based on clinical and imaging features, and requires the exclusion of other causes. The data on the biological mechanisms of ICI-pneumonitis are scarce, resulting in little knowledge of the best treatment for ICI-pneumonitis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may be helpful to identify the biological differences or find predictive biomarkers, and may in turn help to develop phenotype-specific targeted drugs to treat ICI-pneumonitis. Herein, we outline the characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for ICI-pneumonitis. Through careful sorting and literature review, we find crosstalk between pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells (i.e., Th17.1) and pro-inflammatory monocytes, and activation of Th17(/Th1)/IL-17A (/IFN-γ) pathways may play a key role in the pathogenesis of ICI-pneumonitis. Disruption of the interaction between pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells and pro-inflammatory monocytes (such as, anti-IL-23) may be a potential treatment for ICI-pneumonitis. We first describe the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of ICI-pneumonitis, hoping to contribute to the optimization of diagnosis and treatment, as well as provide readers with research inspiration.
Technical founders, digital transformation and corporate technological innovation: empirical evidence from listed companies in China’s STAR market
Authors: Li Zhi-Guang , Wu Yanrui , Li Yao-Kuang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTechnology entrepreneurship and corporate innovation are important for the development of indigenous innovation. In the digital age, founders are subject to fundamental changes in their strategy choices, which in turn affect corporate innovation performance. This paper aims to explore the strategic choices adopted by technical founders of listed companies in China’s STAR market to reap the rewards of innovation in a digital context. Based on the annual reports of 124 listed companies in China’s STAR Market, this paper applies machine learning methods to quantify digital transformation of enterprises, and empirically analyzes the relationship between technical founders and innovation performance by constructing a moderated mediating model. Our results show that companies with technical founders are more likely to adopt digital transformation and thus show better innovation performance. In terms of heterogeneity, the empirical results demonstrate that firms with technical founders show better performance in digital transformation, followed in turn by those with business founders and academic founders. Both the positive relationship between enterprise digital transformation and innovation performance and the mediating effect of digital transformation are positively moderated by venture capital or private equity support. The findings reveal the microscopic mechanism of the role of technology-based founders on corporate innovation performance and hence have practical implications for promoting corporate digital transformation and enhancing firm technological innovation.
Wie gut und auf welche Weise lernen Studierende der Sozialen Arbeit im Praktikum sozialarbeiterische Fertigkeiten?
Authors: Hajji Rahim , Stein Christian 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungSozialarbeiterische Fertigkeiten stellen gezielte Verhaltensweisen von Sozialarbeitenden in den Handlungsfeldern der Sozialen Arbeit dar und können als eine bedeutsame Teilkomponente der Professionalität verstanden werden. Das Praktikum gilt als eine wichtige Phase im Studium der Sozialen Arbeit und bietet Studierenden die Möglichkeit, erworbene Theoriekenntnisse in der Praxis anzuwenden, zu reflektieren und zu vertiefen, um an sozialarbeiterische Fertigkeiten zu gewinnen. In der vorliegenden Studie wird anhand von Selbsteinschätzungen der Studierenden die Entwicklung von sozialarbeiterischen Fertigkeiten im Praktikum untersucht. Das Ergebnis ist, dass aus der Perspektive der Studierenden die wahrgenommenen Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten im Praktikum im Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklung ihrer sozialarbeiterischen Fertigkeiten stehen.
Economies as 'Makers' or 'Users': Rectifying the Polysemic Quandary with a Dualist Taxonomy
Authors: Benuyenah Vic 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Global South and Global North terminologies, in addition to several other designations, have been used to classify the socio-economic nature of countries for centuries; however, these historical naming conventions carry subtle confusions and tend to tint political discourse. This research explores the classificatory differences in international trade, politics, economic theory, and the media and discusses how such differences inform the narratives surrounding world production and consumption systems, as well as trade. The current evidence suggests that several descriptions of the world economies create misunderstandings and often mischaracterize less developed countries while positively projecting certain countries as more advanced. I argue that, rather than using the current descriptions, the terms “users” and “makers” be adopted to characterize the nature of production and consumption in modern economies. The new terminologies are less arbitrary as they can eliminate the existing semantic problems commonly found in the media and within economic theory and political discourse. The innovative and simpler user/maker dichotomy provides a less prejudiced designation of nations and provides a new research dimension for political economy and management theory.
SEQUENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX ORGANIC MIXTURES: PROCEDURAL STANDARDS AND IMPROVED CO2 PURIFICATION CAPACITY
Authors: Hanke Ulrich M , Gagnon Alan R , Reddy Christopher M , Lardie Gaylord Mary C , Cruz Anne J , Galy Valier , Hansman Roberta L , Kurz Mark D 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTSequential thermal analysis allows for deconvoluting the refractory nature and complexity of carbon mixtures embedded in mineral matrices for subsequent offline stable carbon and radiocarbon (14C) isotope analyses. Originally developed to separate Holocene from more ancient sedimentary organic matter to improve dating of marine sediments, the Ramped Pyrolysis and Oxidation (RPO) apparatus, or informally, the “dirt burner” is now used to address pressing questions in the broad field of biogeochemistry. The growing interest in the community now necessitates improved handling and procedures for routine analyses of difficult sample types. Here we report on advances in CO2 purification during sample processing, modifications to the instrumentation at the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) facility, and introduce sodium bicarbonate procedural standards with differing natural abundance 14C signatures for blank assessment. Measurements from different environmental samples are used to compare the procedure to the different generations of sequential thermal analyses. With this study, we aim to improve the standardization of the procedures and prepare this instrumentation for innovations in online stable carbon isotopes and direct AMS-interface measurements in the future.