bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on foaming and foam stability of multiple mixed systems of fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, and amino acid surfactants
Authors: Sheng Youjie , Zhang Hanling , Song Xianming , Wang Zhenping , Wang Xu , Li Yang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the effect of amino acid surfactant (sodium lauroyl glutamate [SLG]) on foam properties of a mixture of fluorocarbon (FS‐50) and hydrocarbon (APG0810) surfactants. The molecular interactions, foamability, and foam stability of the surfactant solutions are systematically studied. The results show that SLG has stronger ability to lower surface tension of water compared to APG0810, but worse that than FS‐50, and to adsorb onto gas/liquid interface in mixed solutions with FS‐50 compared to APG0810. The addition of SLG increased foamability of APG0810/FS‐50 mixed solution, and decelerated foam drainage and coarsening of individual APG0810, individual FS‐50, and mixture of APG0810/FS‐50 solutions. The mixture of SLG/FS‐50 exhibited the higher foamability and foam stability than the frequently used critical component of the new developed AFFF, the mixture of APG0810/FS‐50. This study can provide guidance for the scientific application of amino acid surfactants in the development of environmentally friendly firefighting foams.
Analysis of Therapeutic Effect and Influencing Factors of Ultrasound‐Guided Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: Zeng Fuqiang , Zou Bin , Chen Huabin , Luo Ming , Liu Wenmin 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe current study sought to explore the effects of ultrasound (US)‐guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and influencing factors.MethodsPTMC patients were assigned to observation (US‐guided RFA) and control (surgical operation) groups. A series of operation‐related indexes (operation time, intraoperative bleeding, wound closure time, hospital stay, and expenses), visual analogue scale score, lesion size, and thyroid function‐related indexes (thyroid‐stimulating hormone [TSH], free triiodothyronine*** [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4]), inflammatory factors, and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) were assessed and compared. After a 6‐month follow‐up period, the complications and recurrence were recorded, in addition to analyses of postoperative recurrence cumulative incidence and evaluation of recurrence risk factors.ResultsOperation‐related indexes of the observation group were relatively decreased compared with the control group. In addition, the lesion volume in the observation group was lower compared to that in the control group at the 6th month after operation, whereas the volume reduction rate was higher. There were no significant differences in regard to thyroid function‐related indexes in the observation group before/after operation. After operation, serum TSH levels and inflammatory factors, and TgAb levels were all diminished, while the FT3 and FT4 levels were both elevated in the observation group relative to the control group, and postoperative recurrence cumulative incidence was lower in the observation group. TSH and TgAb were established as the independent risk factors for recurrence after RFA in PTMC patients.ConclusionsOur findings highlighted that US‐guided RFA exhibits better efficacy, safety, and postoperative recovery and lower recurrence risk for PTMC.
Longitudinal Ultrasound Evaluation of Dilapan‐S During Cervical Ripening
Authors: Seagraves Elizabeth , Kawakita Tetsuya , Bartholmae Marilyn , DeYoung Tracey , Waller Jerri , Barake Carole , Abuhamad Alfred 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the diameter change of hygroscopic rod dilation during 12 hours of cervical ripening.MethodsThis was an observational, prospective study of term women undergoing labor induction with a bishop score ≤ 6. Women were allocated into two groups (soaked gauze or no gauze) stratified by parity. Using transvaginal ultrasound, maximal rod diameters were obtained in a longitudinal plane. Measurements were taken at four pre‐specified time points (3, 6, 8, and 12 hours). All rods were removed at 12 hours from insertion. Patient satisfaction scores between the groups were assessed. To evaluate if measures were significantly different among the four time points, a generalized linear model was used. Independent t‐tests were used to compare mean rod diameter values and pain measures between the two groups. Fisher Exact tests were used to evaluate categorical satisfaction measures.ResultsForty‐four women were recruited with a total of 178 hygroscopic rods placed. Mean rod diameters (mm) were significantly different among the four time periods (3 hour: 7.9 mm [SD 0.9]; 6 hour: 9.4 mm [SD 0.9]; 8 hour: 10.0 mm [SD 0.9]; 12 hour: 10.9 mm [SD 0.8]; P‐value <.001). After stratifying by the use of gauze, there was no difference in rod diameters at 3, 6, 8, and 12 hours respectively. There was no difference in patient satisfaction scores between the two groups.ConclusionThe majority of hygroscopic rod dilation occurs within the first 8 hours of cervical ripening. Placement of saturated gauze does not accelerate rod dilation.
Temperature Monitoring During Microwave Hyperthermia Based on BP‐Nakagami Distribution
Authors: Liu Zhengkai , Du Yongxing , Meng Xainwei , Li Chenlu , Zhou Liyong 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to accurately monitor temperature during microwave hyperthermia. We propose a temperature estimation model BP‐Nakagami based on neural network for Nakagami distribution.MethodsIn this work, we designed the microwave hyperthermia experiment of fresh ex vivo pork tissue and phantom, collected ultrasonic backscatter data at different temperatures, modeled these data using Nakagami distribution, and calculated Nakagami distribution parameter m. A neural network model was built to train the relationship between Nakagami distribution parameter m and temperature, and a BP‐Nakagami temperature model with good fitting was obtained. The temperature model is used to draw the two‐dimensional temperature distribution map of biological tissues in microwave hyperthermia. Finally, the temperature estimated by the model is compared with the temperature measured by thermocouples.ResultsThe error between the temperature estimated by the temperature model and the temperature measured by the thermocouple is within 1°C in the range of 25°C–50°C for ex vivo pork tissue, and the error between the temperature estimated by the temperature model and the temperature measured by the thermocouple is within 0.5°C in the range of 25°C–50°C for phantom.ConclusionsThe results show that the temperature estimation model proposed by us is an effective model for monitoring the internal temperature change of biological tissues.
The global contribution of seasonally migrating copepods to the biological carbon pump
Authors: Pinti Jérôme , Jónasdóttir Sigrún H. , Record Nicholas R. , Visser André W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEvery year, large numbers of zooplankton migrate from the surface ocean to depths of 500–2000 m to hibernate. Through this migration, they actively transport organic carbon to the deep ocean, where it is used to fuel metabolic needs. This active transport of carbon is thought to be highly efficient, as carbon metabolized by copepods is directly injected deep into the ocean's interior. The significance of this process in view of global carbon cycling remains an open question. Here, we focus on five representative, diapausing copepod species (Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus hyperboreus, Calanoides acutus, Calanoides natalis, and Neocalanus tonsus) distributed in the Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, and Southern Oceans. For each species, we compute both carbon injection (how much carbon is transported below the euphotic zone during zooplankton migration and left there as dissolved inorganic carbon) and carbon sequestration (the amount of carbon stored in the ocean's interior following diapausing zooplankton‐mediated injection). In total, the five species considered here contribute 0.4–0.8% of total biological carbon export, and 0.8–3.3% of total carbon sequestration mediated by the biological pump (assuming a total carbon export of ~ 10 PgC yr−1 and sequestration of ~ 1300 PgC). Including other species in this inventory would increase the contribution of diapausing copepods to the biological carbon pump, but requires more precise estimates of copepods' distribution, abundance, and metabolic requirements.
Cell Spheroid Formation on the Surface of Multi‐Block Copolymers Composed of Poly(2‐methoxyethyl acrylate) and Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Ogiwara Naoto , Nakano Takenobu , Masuda Tsukuru , Kushiro Keiichiro , Takai Madoka 
Published: March 2023

Abstract3D structured cells have great drug screening potential because they mimic in vivo tissues better than 2D cultured cells. In this study, multi‐block copolymers composed of poly(2‐methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are developed as a new kind of biocompatible polymers. PEG imparts non‐cell adhesion while PMEA acts as an anchoring segment to prepare the polymer coating surface. The multi‐block copolymers show higher stability in water than PMEA. A specific micro‐sized swelling structure composed of a PEG chain is observed in the multi‐block copolymer film in water. A single NIH3T3‐3‐4 spheroid is formed in 3 h on the surface of the multi‐block copolymers with 8.4 wt% PEG. However, at a PEG content of 0.7 wt%, spheroid formed after 4 days. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activity of cells and the internal necrotic state of the spheroid change depending on PEG loading in the multi‐block copolymers. As the formation rate of cell spheroid on low‐PEG‐ratio multi‐block copolymers is slow, internal necrosis of cell spheroid is less likely to occur. Consequently, the cell spheroid formation rate by changing the PEG chain content in multi‐block copolymers is successfully controlled. These unique surfaces are suggested to be useful for 3D cell culture.
Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride‐co‐Hexafluoropropylene) Films Filled in Iron Nanoparticles for Infrared Shielding Applications
Authors: Krajewski Marcin , Witowski Andrzej M. , Liou Sz‐Chian , Maj Michał , Tokarczyk Mateusz , Wasik Dariusz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to use the infrared (IR) radiation shielding materials, they should take a form of thin film coatings deposited on glass/polymer substrates or be used as fillers of glass/polymer. The first approach usually suffers from several technological problems. Therefore, the second strategy gains more and more attention. Taking into account this trend, this work presents the usage of iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) embedded into the poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) films as the shielding material in near‐infrared (NIR) and mid‐infrared (MIR) region. The performed investigations show that the transmittance of copolymer films decreases with increasing content of the Fe NPs inside them. It is found that the average fade of IR transmittance for 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 50 mg of Fe NPs is about 13%, 24%, 31%, 77%, and 98%, respectively. Moreover, it is observed that the PVDF‐HFP films filled in the Fe NPs almost does not reflect the NIR and MIR radiation. Hence, the IR shielding properties of the PVDF‐HFP films can be effectively tuned by the addition of proper amount of the Fe NPs. This, in turn, shows that the PVDF‐HFP films filled in the Fe NPs constitute a great option for IR antireflective and shielding applications.
Deep learning based brain MRI registration driven by local‐signed‐distance fields of segmentation maps
Authors: Yang Yue , Hu Shunbo , Zhang Lintao , Shen Dinggang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeep learning based unsupervised registration utilizes the intensity information to align images. To avoid the influence of intensity variation and improve the registration accuracy, unsupervised and weakly‐supervised registration are combined, namely, dually‐supervised registration. However, the estimated dense deformation fields (DDFs) will focus on the edges among adjacent tissues when the segmentation labels are directly used to drive the registration progress, which will decrease the plausibility of brain MRI registration.PurposeIn order to increase the accuracy of registration and ensure the plausibility of registration at the same time, we combine the local‐signed‐distance fields (LSDFs) and intensity images to dually supervise the registration progress. The proposed method not only uses the intensity and segmentation information but also uses the voxelwise geometric distance information to the edges. Hence, the accurate voxelwise correspondence relationships are guaranteed both inside and outside the edges.MethodsThe proposed dually‐supervised registration method mainly includes three enhancement strategies. Firstly, we leverage the segmentation labels to construct their LSDFs to provide more geometrical information for guiding the registration process. Secondly, to calculate LSDFs, we construct an LSDF‐Net, which is composed of 3D dilation layers and erosion layers. Finally, we design the dually‐supervised registration network (VMLSDF) by combining the unsupervised VoxelMorph (VM) registration network and the weakly‐supervised LSDF‐Net, to utilize intensity and LSDF information, respectively.ResultsIn this paper, experiments were then carried out on four public brain image datasets: LPBA40, HBN, OASIS1, and OASIS3. The experimental results show that the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and 95% Hausdorff distance (HD) of VMLSDF are higher than those of the original unsupervised VM and the dually‐supervised registration network (VMseg) using intensity images and segmentation labels. At the same time, the percentage of negative Jacobian determinant (NJD) of VMLSDF is lower than VMseg. Our code is freely available at https://github.com/1209684549/LSDF.ConclusionsThe experimental results show that LSDFs can improve the registration accuracy compared with VM and VMseg, and enhance the plausibility of the DDFs compared with VMseg.
Alabama Bass Alter Reservoir Black Bass Species Assemblages When Introduced Outside Their Native Range
Authors: Sammons Steven M. , Dorsey Lawrence G. , Loftis C. Scott , Chrisman Preston , Scott Mark , Hammonds John , Jolley Michael , Hatcher Hunter , Odenkirk John , Damer John , Lewis Matthew R. , Peatman Eric J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Black bass Micropterus spp. stocked outside of their native range have often been implicated in declines of native fishes, but impacts of these stockings on native congeners have been examined less commonly and almost never in reservoirs. Relative abundance and creel data were obtained from seven reservoirs (632–13,156 ha) in four southeastern states where Alabama Bass M. henshalli had been illegally stocked. Genetics data for black bass were collected in nine more reservoirs in five southeastern states where similar introductions occurred. In each case, Alabama Bass introduction was swiftly followed by sweeping changes in the black bass composition. Largemouth Bass M. salmoides relative abundance declined by 42–77% after Alabama Bass introduction in four of five reservoirs, but total black bass relative abundance was unchanged in three of them, indicating that Alabama Bass essentially replaced Largemouth Bass. Alabama Bass or their hybrids dominated the black bass genetic sample in five of nine reservoirs, and pure specimens of non-Alabama Bass species composed &lt;50% of the sample in six of nine reservoirs. Smallmouth Bass M. dolomieu were virtually extirpated via hybridization with Alabama Bass in two of the study reservoirs, and genetically pure fish were rare in several others. These changes occurred over relatively short time intervals, often within 10 years after detection of Alabama Bass, stressing the need for continual vigilance via routine monitoring and a proactive public relations campaign to discourage and limit new introductions. The leading edge of the Alabama Bass invasion now encompasses several notable Smallmouth Bass fisheries in North Carolina and is on the border of numerous others in Tennessee, Virginia, and beyond. The spread of nonnative black bass, such as the Alabama Bass highlighted in this article, constitutes one of the greatest threats to conserving native black bass fisheries.
Evaluation of a transition to survivorship program for pediatric, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients and caregivers
Authors: Bingen Kristin , Karst Jeffrey , Anderson Lynnette , Chan Sherilynn , Jordan Anna , Morin Jocelyn , Nichols Julie , Palou‐Torres Akasha , Phelan Rachel , Schmidt Debra , Yan Ke , Hoag Jennifer A 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurvivorship education and anticipatory guidance represent an unmet need for pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors and their caregivers when treatment ends. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a structured transition program, bridging treatment to survivorship, to reduce distress and anxiety and increase perceived preparedness for survivors and caregivers.ProcedureBridge to Next Steps is a two‐visit program, within 8 weeks prior to treatment completion and 7 months post treatment, which provides survivorship education, psychosocial screening, and resources. Fifty survivors (age range 1–23 years) and 46 caregivers participated. Participants completed pre‐ and post‐intervention measures: Distress Thermometer and Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) anxiety/emotional distress (ages ≥8 years), and perceived preparedness survey (ages ≥14 years). AYA survivors and caregivers completed a post‐intervention acceptability survey.ResultsMost participants (77.8%) completed both visits, and most AYA survivors (57.1%) and caregivers (76.5%) endorsed the program as helpful. Caregivers’ distress and anxiety scores decreased from pre to post intervention (p < .01). Survivors’ scores remained the same, which were low at baseline. Survivors and caregivers felt more prepared for survivorship from pre to post intervention (p = .02, <.01, respectively).ConclusionsBridge to Next Steps was feasible and acceptable for most participants. AYA survivors and caregivers felt more prepared for survivorship care after participation. Caregivers reported decreased anxiety and distress from pre to post Bridge, whereas survivors remained at a low level for both. Effective transition programs that better prepare and support pediatric and AYA cancer survivors and families from active treatment to survivorship care can contribute to healthy adjustment.
Prognosis in Hispanic patient population with pulmonary arterial hypertension: An application of common risk stratification models
Authors: Fadah Kahtan , Cruz Rodriguez Jose B. , Alkhateeb Haider , Mukherjee Debabrata , Garcia Hernando , Schuller Dan , Mohammad Khan O. , Sahay Sandeep , Nickel Nils P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiovascular disease with high mortality rate. Current guidelines propose initiation and escalation of PAH‐targeted treatment based on a goal‐directed approach targeting hemodynamic, functional, and biochemical variables. This approach has been successfully validated in large Caucasian cohorts. However, given the low number of Hispanic patients enrolled in large PAH trials and registries, it is unknown if the same prognostic tools can be applied to this patient population. We analyzed a single‐center outpatient cohort that consisted of 135 Hispanic patients diagnosed with PAH. Baseline characteristics were calculated based on COMPERA, COMPERA 2.0 and REVEAL 2.0 risk scores before the initiation of PAH‐targeted therapies. The survival rate at 1 year after diagnosis was 88% for the entire cohort. The three established risk scores to predict PAH outcomes yielded similar results with reasonable discrimination of mortality in the different risk strata (all p < 0.001). Hispanic patients with PAH have a high mortality rate. Our analysis suggests that guideline proposed risk assessment at baseline yields important prognostic information in this patient population.
Good governance: Concept, basics, and relationship to sustainable development from a Palestinian perspective
Authors: Haifa Abu Alrob , Zineb Ouazzani Touhami , Ziad Qannam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study adopts the historical approach with a view to tracking the history, causes and important characteristics of the concept of good governance and its interrelationship with sustainable development in the Palestinian context. The study reveals that Palestinian society is considered an exception and in a great need for good governance as a result of Israel's occupation, administrative and financial corruption inherited among staff, and the Palestinians' dependence on foreign aid. It also reveals significant Palestinian efforts in the area of good governance, manifested in the signing of the convention against corruption, the establishment of the anti‐corruption commission and the office of financial and administrative oversight. The results also showed that the adoption of good governance at the Palestinian level will contribute to improving the quality of life and improved relations with donor countries, improved investment environment and access to international aid and empowering marginalized groups to access their rights, and preparing Palestinians for a more realistic development role in the future community and institutional awareness and willingness to change, based on the information available at the appropriate time and place and complementary participatory relationships between different sectors, institutions and society, and everyone's participation in decision‐making law‐making, policymaking, resource protection, strategic decision‐making and social peace. Accordingly, the study recommends that good governance should be applied as a Palestinian priority and that researchers should provide good governance indicators appropriate to Palestinian realities.
Microwave Assisted Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydro‐4H‐ furo[2,3‐d]pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones and furo[2,3‐d]pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one
Authors: Yalduz Sümeyye , Yilmaz Mehmet 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKocaeli University, Kabaoğlu, 41380, In this work, furo[2,3‐d]pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones were obtained by microwave assisted radical cyclizations of 2‐hydroxy‐4H‐pirido[1,2‐a]pirimidin‐4‐ones with conjugated alkenes and phenylacetylene via Mn(OAc)3. Conventional heating and microwave irradiated reaction types were compared using parameters like temperature, time and molar ratios to determine best reaction condition. Obtained compounds were purified by chromatographic methods and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS, FTIR). Also, to determine the exact configuration and regioselectivity of isolated compounds, XRD analysis were performed.
Enhanced Resistance to Pb Poisoning of the Co‐modified Mn/Fe‐pillared Clay Catalysts for NH3‐SCR at Low Temperatures
Authors: Wang Xinpeng , Ye Qing , Liu Wenyi , Meng Fanwei , Yang Fan , Zhang Xin , Dai Hongxing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLead (Pb) is a heavy metal commonly found in industrial exhaust gases, which can reduce catalytic activity of a catalyst for the NH3‐SCR reaction. In this study, 4.0 wt% Mn‐loaded Fe‐pillared interlayer clay (4Mn/Fe‐PILC) and its Co‐modified catalyst (2Co‐4Mn/Fe‐PILC) were prepared, in the meanwhile the 4Mn/Fe‐PILC‐Pb and 2Co‐4Mn/Fe‐PILC‐Pb samples were also obtained using the impregnation method with a Pb(CH3COO)2 aqueous solution. It was found that the addition of 2.0 wt% cobalt could significantly enhance Pb resistance of the 4Mn/Fe‐PILC catalyst. The characterization results revealed that the doping of Co to Mn/Fe‐PILC increased the surface Mn4+ species concentration, reducibility, and acid site amount, thereby improving Pb resistance of the catalyst. Furthermore, the in situ DRIFTS results demonstrated that Co modification enhanced the adsorption capacity of NH3 or NO, especially influenced formation of the NH3 intermediates and bridging nitrate species, which were also conducive to the improvement in Pb resistance of the catalyst.