bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality, hospital admission, and healthcare cost due to injury from venomous and non-venomous animal encounters in the USA: 5-year analysis of the National Emergency Department Sample
Authors: Forrester Joseph D , Forrester Jared A , Tennakoon Lakshika , Staudenmayer Kristan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundInjuries due to encounters with animals can be serious, but are often discussed anecdotally or only for isolated types of encounters. We sought to characterize animal-related injuries presenting to US emergency departments (ED) to determine the impact of these types of injuries.MethodsAll ED encounters with diagnosis codes corresponding to animal-related injury were identified using ICD-9-CM codes from the 2010 2014 National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Outcomes assessed included inpatient admission, mortality, and healthcare cost. Survey methodology was applied to univariate and multivariate analyses. Weighted numbers are presented.ResultsThere were 6 457 534 ED visits resulting from animal-related injuries identified. Bites from non-venomous arthropods (n=2 648 880; 41%), dog bites (n=1 658 295; 26%) and envenomation from hornets, wasps or bees (n=812 357; 13%) constitute the majority of encounters. There were 210 516 patients (3%) admitted as inpatients. Inpatient admission was most common for those suffering from venomous snakes or lizard bites (24%, n=10 332). Death was infrequent occurring in 1162 patients (0.02% of all ED presentations). The greatest number of deaths was due to bites from non-venomous arthropods (24% of deaths, n=278) whereas rat bites proved the most lethal (6.5 deaths per 10 000 bites). Among persons aged 85 years or greater, odds of hospital admission for any animal-related injury was 6.42 (95% CI 5.57 to 7.40) and the OR for death was 27.71 (95% CI 10.38 to 73.99). Female sex was associated with improved survival (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.73) and lower rates of hospital admission (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.79). The total healthcare cost for these animal encounters during the observed time period was $5.96 billion (95% CI $5.43 to $6.50 billion).ConclusionThe morbidity, mortality, and healthcare cost due to animal encounters in the USA is considerable. Often overlooked, this particular mechanism of injury warrants further public health prevention efforts.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Miami-Dade County Juvenile Weapons Offenders Program (JWOP): a potential model to reduce firearm crime recidivism nationwide
Authors: Soe-Lin Hahn , Sarver Anjali , Kaufman Joyce , Sutherland Marilyn , Ginzburg Enrique 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionYouth firearm violence has been a growing problem in the USA. Several programs across the country aimed at reducing recurrent gun violence in this vulnerable population have published recidivism rates of 40% to 50%. For the past 18 years, the Juvenile Weapons Offenders Program (JWOP) in Miami-Dade County has provided a unique multidisciplinary intervention encompassing 100 hours of violence education, behavioral modification, and social mentoring. The present study defines its outcomes as a national model for youth firearm recidivism prevention.MethodsRetrospective analysis of Florida Juvenile Justice Department records from 2008 to 2016 defined a group of youths convicted of firearm-related crimes and subsequently enrolled in the program. Cohorts were those who demonstrated successful completion of the JWOP program versus those who partially completed the program. At 6 and 12 months after release, records were cross-referenced with Florida Department of Justice criminal record system to prospectively capture rates of new all-comer and firearm-specific criminal charges.Results215 youth were included in the prospectively followed cohort at 6 months and 163 youth followed at 12 months after release. The 6-month recidivism rate for any criminal charge was 20.1% for program completers versus 32.9% for those who did not complete the program (p=0.047). When excluding unarmed criminal offenses, the recidivism rate dropped to 10.1% versus 22.4%, respectively (p=0.008). At 12 months, all-comers recidivism was 33.6% for the GATE program completion cohort versus 50% for the incomplete cohort (p=0.045). When excluding unarmed offenses, the recidivism rates were 18.6% versus 33.9%, respectively (p=0.035).ConclusionThe JWOP program has one of the lowest recidivism rates for reoffense for firearm and non-firearm-related offenses. Further investigation into details of the program’s efficacy and its applicability for expansion to other state and national jurisdictions should serve a model for decreasing youth gun violence across the country.
Statistical (n,$$\gamma $$) cross section model comparison for short-lived nuclei
Authors: Lewis R. , Couture A. , Liddick S. N. , Spyrou A. , Bleuel D. L. , Campo L. Crespo , Crider B. P. , Dombos A. C. , Guttormsen M. , Kawano T. , Larsen A. C. , Lewis A. M. , Mosby S. , Perdikakis G. , Prokop C. J. , Quinn S. J. , Renstrøm T. , Siem S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNeutron-capture cross sections of neutron-rich nuclei are calculated using a Hauser–Feshbach model when direct experimental cross sections cannot be obtained. A number of codes to perform these calculations exist, and each makes different assumptions about the underlying nuclear physics. We investigated the systematic uncertainty associated with the choice of Hauser-Feshbach code used to calculate the neutron-capture cross section of a short-lived nucleus. The neutron-capture cross section for $$^{73}\hbox {Zn}$$

73

Zn

(n,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{74}\hbox {Zn}$$

74

Zn

was calculated using three Hauser-Feshbach statistical model codes: TALYS, CoH, and EMPIRE. The calculation was first performed without any changes to the default settings in each code. Then an experimentally obtained nuclear level density (NLD) and $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray strength function ($$\gamma \hbox {SF}$$

γ
SF

) were included. Finally, the nuclear structure information was made consistent across the codes. The neutron-capture cross sections obtained from the three codes are in good agreement after including the experimentally obtained NLD and $$\gamma \hbox {SF}$$

γ
SF

, accounting for differences in the underlying nuclear reaction models, and enforcing consistent approximations for unknown nuclear data. It is possible to use consistent inputs and nuclear physics to reduce the differences in the calculated neutron-capture cross section from different Hauser-Feshbach codes. However, ensuring the treatment of the input of experimental data and other nuclear physics are similar across multiple codes requires a careful investigation. For this reason, more complete documentation of the inputs and physics chosen is important.
Chebyshev-$$\tau$$ method for certain generalized eigenvalue problems occurring in hydrodynamics: a concise survey
Authors: Arnone Giuseppe , Gianfrani Jacopo A. , Massa Giuliana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this survey is to give a concise but technical and, as much as possible, comprehensive introduction to the resolution of certain eigenvalue problems occurring in the research field of hydrodynamics via theChebyshev-$$\tau$$τmethod. While many details on the construction of mathematical models (for which we will refer to notable and well-known references as reported by Chandrasekhar (Hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic stability, Dover, London, 1981); Straughan (The energy method, stability, and nonlinear convection, Springer, New York, 2004); Nield and Bejan (Convection in porous media, Springer, New York, 2017)) will not be given, much attention will be paid to the practical and theoretical aspects of the discretization of the continuum problem.Chebyshevpolynomials will be employed to expand solutions of the differential eigenvalue problem and end up with a discrete eigenvalue problem. Finally,MATLABcodes for the considered problems are shown in detail and available onGitHub.
Spectroscopic properties of stars in young binaries: fundamental data for understanding binary formation and disk evolution
Authors: Prato Lisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis contribution combines a relatively comprehensive review of the spectroscopic study of the individual component stars and their associated disks in young binary systems, outlines the need for more in-depth studies, and previews the results of a high-spectral and high-angular resolution survey of $$\sim$$
∼
100 young binaries located primarily in the Taurus and Ophiuchus star forming regions. Observed spectra, synthetic spectral analysis, and preliminary outcomes for 3 systems are presented, illustrating the power and potential of adaptive optics-fed, high-resolution, infrared spectroscopy for our understanding of the dynamical and physical properties of young binary stars and their circumstellar disks and environments, especially when combined with ancillary data from ALMA, K2, TESS, and other facilities. This new survey will deepen our understanding of disk evolution and planet formation in close binaries and, more broadly, will provide clues to disk dissipation processes in both singles and binaries.
Polychromatic atom optics for atom interferometry
Authors: Lellouch Samuel , Ennis Oliver , Haditalab Ramiz , Langlois Mehdi , Holynski Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoherent manipulation of atoms with atom-optic light pulses is central to atom interferometry. Achieving high pulse efficiency is essential for enhancing fringe contrast and sensitivity, in particular for large-momentum transfer interferometers which use an increased number of pulses. We perform an investigation of optimizing the frequency domain of pulses by using tailored polychromatic light fields, and demonstrate the possibility to deliver high-efficiency and resilient atom-optic pulses even in the situation of inhomogeneous atomic clouds and laser beams. We find that this approach is able to operate over long interrogation times despite spontaneous emission and to achieve experimentally relevant pulse efficiencies for clouds up to $100~\mu \text{K}$
100

μ
K
. This overcomes some of the most stringent barriers for large-momentum transfer and has the potential to reduce the complexity of atom interferometers. We show that polychromatic light pulses could enhance single-photon-based large-momentum transfer atom interferometry—achieving $850\,\hbar k$
850

ħ
k
of momentum splitting with experimentally accessible parameters, which represents a significant improvement over the state-of-the art. The benefits of the method extend beyond atom interferometry and could enable groundbreaking advances in quantum state manipulation.
Sustainability, Resilience, and Returns During COVID-19: Empirical Evidence from US and Indian Stock Markets
Authors: Yadav Neetu , Bhama Vandana 
Published: March 2023

The growing number of consulting reports published globally show mixed evidence of higher returns for environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indices as compared to equity indices. The present study analyzes whether or not sustainability provided resilience, during turbulent times, to the US and India, who were worst hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study tests whether higher ESG scores led to higher stock returns during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed little and negative associations of sustainability with stock returns for sample firms during the COVID-19 crisis. There is no empirical evidence indicating that sustainability guarantees resilience during crisis times. Investors have their own preference channels and taste for sustainability that are beyond their financial motives. JEL Codes: Q01, G120
Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Microneedling—A Non-Surgical Approach for Gingival Augmentation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Soundarajan Subasree , Malaippan Sankari 
Published: March 2023

Aim:The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of combining microneedling (MN) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) administration with i-PRF alone in augmenting the thickness of gingiva to manage thin periodontal phenotype.Methodology:The clinical trial involved 36 patients who were diagnosed with thin periodontal phenotype. They were randomized under two groups: MN + i-PRF versus i-PRF alone, carried out as a split-mouth trial. One quadrant was treated only with i-PRF delivery through the gingival sulcus, while the contralateral side was treated with MN and i-PRF in 3 sessions at 10-day intervals. The primary parameter measured was the thickness of the gingiva, at baseline and 3 months following therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Wilcoxon’s signed ranking test for inter-group and intra-group analysis, respectively.Results:The study results showed a significantly greater increase in gingival thickness (GT) in sites where both MN and i-PRF injection was done, compared to i-PRF alone, with a p value of .04.Conclusion:Both treatment modalities showed improvement in GT, being a minimally invasive alternative for mucogingival surgery. Adjunctive MN was found to be more beneficial than i-PRF alone. However, further research should be carried out to address the drawbacks of the study and for a better understanding of this novel approach.
Schistes Lustrés in a hyper-extended continental margin setting and reinterpretation of the limit between the Mont Fort and Tsaté nappes (Middle and Upper Penninics, Western Swiss Alps)
Authors: Pantet Adrien , Epard Jean-Luc , Masson Henri , Baumgartner-Mora Claudia , Baumgartner Peter Oliver , Baumgartner Lukas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Schistes Lustrés form a large and complex unit at the top of the Penninic nappe stack of the Alpine belt. Calcschists, partly of Late Cretaceous age, constitute the dominant lithology. They are closely associated both with blueschist facies Piemont-Ligurian ophiolites and continent-derived Mesozoic metasediments. The question of whether the Schistes Lustrés originated on continental or oceanic crust has been extensively debated among Alpine geologists and is locally still controversial. We present here new structural and stratigraphic observations, as well as Raman graphite thermometry (RSCM) data, for the Schistes Lustrés complex of the Combin zone in the Hérens, Dix and Bagnes valleys. Our observations indicate that the basal part of this Schistes Lustrés complex (defined as the Série Rousse) is systematically devoid of ophiolitic material, and rests in stratigraphic contact on the underlying Triassic - Lower Cretaceous metasediments and Paleozoic basement of the Mont Fort nappe (Prepiemont paleogeographic domain). The unconformity at the base of the Schistes Lustrés complex is interpreted as resulting from the sedimentation of the Série Rousse on a paleorelief formed by remnants of Jurassic normal fault scarps, and not as an Alpine tectonic contact, as previously proposed. The lithostratigraphic comparison with the Breccia nappe in the Prealps, as well as a foraminifer discovery, allows us to better constrain the age of the Série Rousse. It extends from the middle of the Early Cretaceous (Aptian?) to the Late Cretaceous (Campanian to earliest Maastrichtian?). In contrast, the upper contact of the Série Rousse with the ophiolite-bearing Schistes Lustrés clearly corresponds to an Alpine thrust. The thrust zone is underlined by thin and discontinuous slices of highly strained continental-margin derived Mesozoic metasediments (Frilihorn slices). RSCM data show that the recrystallization of the organic matter progressively increases on both sides towards this contact. This contact, internal to the Schistes Lustrés complex, is reinterpreted as the major tectonic contact separating the Middle Penninic Mont Fort nappe from the Upper Penninic Tsaté nappe (defined here as including only the ophiolite-bearing Schistes Lustrés and associated meta(ultra-)basites). This study clearly documents that the Schistes Lustrés consist of sediments either deposited on oceanic crust, showing locally preserved stratigraphic contacts with ophiolitic or serpentinized sub-continental mantle slivers, or sediments still resting stratigraphically on a former hyper-extended continental margin.
Identification of kukoamine a as an anti-osteoporosis drug target using network pharmacology and experiment verification
Authors: Luo Liying , Guan Zhiyuan , Jin Xiao , Guan Zhiqiang , Jiang Yanyun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis (OP) is a major and growing public health problem characterized by decreased bone mineral density and destroyed bone microarchitecture. Previous studies found that Lycium Chinense Mill (LC) has a potent role in inhibiting bone loss. Kukoamine A (KuA), a bioactive compound extract from LC was responsible for the anti-osteoporosis effect. This study aimed to investigate the anti-osteoporosis effect of KuA isolated from LC in treating OP and its potential molecular mechanism.

Method
In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were investigated firstly to find the active ingredients of LC such as KuA, and the target genes of OP by the TCMSP platform. The LC-OP-potential Target gene network was constructed by the STRING database and network maps were built by Cytoscape software. And then, the anti-osteoporotic effect of KuA in OVX-induced osteoporosis mice and MC3T3-E1 cell lines were investigated and the potential molecular mechanism including inflammation level, cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), micro-CT, ELISA, RT-PCR, and Western Blotting.

Result
A total of 22 active compounds were screened, and we found KuA was identified as the highest active ingredient. Glycogen Phosphorylase (PYGM) was the target gene associated with a maximum number of active ingredients of LC and regulated KuA. In vivo, KuA treatment significantly increased the bone mineral density and improve bone microarchitecture for example increased BV/TV, Tb.N and Tb.Th but reduced Tb.Sp in tibia and lumber 4. Furthermore, KuA increased mRNA expression of osteoblastic differentiation-related genes in OVX mice and protects against OVX-induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress level and inflammation level. In vitro, KuA significantly improves osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in cells experiment. In addition, KuA also attenuated inflammation levels, cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress level.

Conclusion
The results suggest that KuA could protect against the development of OP in osteoblast cells and ovariectomized OP model mice and these found to provide a better understanding of the pharmacological activities of KuA again bone loss.
Investigation of Experimental Devices for Finger Active and Passive Tactile Friction Analysis
Authors: Zhou Xue , Masen Marc A. , Mo Jiliang , Shi Xinyu , He Yaosheng , Jin Zhongmin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractComplicated tribological behavior occurs when human fingers touch and perceive the surfaces of objects. In this process, people use their exploration style with different conditions, such as contact load, sliding speed, sliding direction, and angle of orientation between fingers and object surface consciously or unconsciously. This work addressed interlaboratory experimental devices for finger active and passive tactile friction analysis, showing two types of finger movement. In active sliding experiment, the participant slid their finger freely against the object surface, requiring the subject to control the motion conditions themselves. For passive sliding experiments, these motion conditions were adjusted by the device. Several analysis parameters, such as contact force, vibration acceleration signals, vibration magnitude, and fingerprint deformation were recorded simultaneously. Noticeable friction differences were observed when comparing active sliding and passive sliding. For passive sliding, stick-slip behavior occurred when sliding in the distal direction, evidenced by observing the friction force and the related deformation of the fingerprint ridges. The employed devices showed good repeatability and high reliability, which enriched the design of the experimental platform and provided guidance to the standardization research in the field of tactile friction.
Prolactin and oxytocin: potential targets for migraine treatment
Authors: Szewczyk Anna K. , Ulutas Samiye , Aktürk Tülin , Al-Hassany Linda , Börner Corinna , Cernigliaro Federica , Kodounis Michalis , Lo Cascio Salvatore , Mikolajek David , Onan Dilara , Ragaglini Chiara , Ratti Susanna , Rivera-Mancilla Eduardo , Tsanoula Sofia , Villino Rafael , Messlinger Karl , Maassen Van Den Brink Antoinette , de Vries Tessa ,   on behalf of the European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)
Published: March 2023

AbstractMigraine is a severe neurovascular disorder of which the pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Besides the role of inflammatory mediators that interact with the trigeminovascular system, cyclic fluctuations in sex steroid hormones are involved in the sex dimorphism of migraine attacks. In addition, the pituitary-derived hormone prolactin and the hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin have been reported to play a modulating role in migraine and contribute to its sex-dependent differences. The current narrative review explores the relationship between these two hormones and the pathophysiology of migraine. We describe the physiological role of prolactin and oxytocin, its relationship to migraine and pain, and potential therapies targeting these hormones or their receptors.In summary, oxytocin and prolactin are involved in nociception in opposite ways. Both operate at peripheral and central levels, however, prolactin has a pronociceptive effect, while oxytocin appears to have an antinociceptive effect. Therefore, migraine treatment targeting prolactin should aim to block its effects using prolactin receptor antagonists or monoclonal antibodies specifically acting at migraine-pain related structures. This action should be local in order to avoid a decrease in prolactin levels throughout the body and associated adverse effects. In contrast, treatment targeting oxytocin should enhance its signalling and antinociceptive effects, for example using intranasal administration of oxytocin, or possibly other oxytocin receptor agonists. Interestingly, the prolactin receptor and oxytocin receptor are co-localized with estrogen receptors as well as calcitonin gene-related peptide and its receptor, providing a positive perspective on the possibilities for an adequate pharmacological treatment of these nociceptive pathways. Nevertheless, many questions remain to be answered. More particularly, there is insufficient data on the role of sex hormones in men and the correct dosing according to sex differences, hormonal changes and comorbidities. The above remains a major challenge for future development.
Room-temperature ammonia gas sensing via Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanosheets
Authors: Hwang Jeong Yun , Lee Yerin , Lee Gyu Ho , Lee Seung Yong , Kim Hyun-Sik , Kim Sang-il , Park Hee Jung , Kim Sun-Jae , Lee Beom Zoo , Choi Myung Sik , Jin Changhyun , Lee Kyu Hyoung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA high-performance gas sensor operating at room temperature is always favourable since it simplifies the device fabrication and lowers the operating power by eliminating a heater. Herein, we fabricated the ammonia (NH3) gas sensor by using Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2nanosheets, which were synthesized via two distinct processes: (1) preparation of monolayer TiO2nanosheets through flux growth and a subsequent chemical exfoliation and (2) decoration of Au nanoparticles on the TiO2nanosheets via hydrothermal method. Based on the morphological, compositional, crystallographic, and surface characteristics of this low-dimensional nano-heterostructured material, its temperature- and concentration-dependent NH3gas-sensing properties were investigated. A high response of ~ 2.8 was obtained at room temperature under 20 ppm NH3gas concentration by decorating Au nanoparticles onto the surface of TiO2nanosheets, which generated oxygen defects and induced spillover effect as well.