bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there an association of blood cadmium level with nonmelanoma skin cancer: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Dan , Chen Jigang , Feng Rui , Wang Yanni 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveNonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a common malignancy that starts in the top layer of the skin. Exposure to heavy metals has been suggested to increase the risk of skin cancer. Cadmium, prevalent in various industries and present in cigarette smoke, has been implicated in potential skin effects in animal studies. However, the impact of chronic cadmium exposure on NMSC development remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood cadmium levels and the odds of NMSC.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, covering the years 1999–2000 to 2017–2018. NMSC cases were identified through self-reported physician diagnoses. We assessed the association between blood cadmium levels—considered as both a continuous variable and in quartiles—and the odds of NMSC using multivariable logistic regression models. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were incorporated to estimate the non-linear relationship between cadmium levels and NMSC.ResultsThe study included 41,577 participants, with 952 reporting NMSC and 40,625 without any cancers. No association was found between cadmium levels and NMSC when analyzed as either a continuous or quartile variable. However, RCS revealed an inverted U-shaped curve indicating a relationship between blood cadmium levels and NMSC odds. This pattern persisted when focusing exclusively on non-Hispanic White participants.ConclusionA statistically significant relationship was observed between blood cadmium levels and the odds of NMSC, though the increased odds were only evident at low cadmium levels. Further research is necessary to investigate the causality and underlying mechanisms involved.
Developing and validating a scale to measure perceived barriers to prosthodontics treatments among partially edentulous patients
Authors: Sharka Rayan , Alghamdi Majd , Dustakir Eman , Alghamdi Mansour 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPeople experiencing tooth loss need dental prostheses to preserve the integrity of their oral structures and replace the missing teeth. Patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) for perceived barriers to prosthodontics treatment are scarce in the literature.AimsThe aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive scale to identify and measure barriers to prosthodontic treatment as perceived by partially edentulous patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among N = 334 partially edentulous adults who seeking prosthodontic treatment. Data collection was carried out in February to September 2024. Exploratory factor analysis was utilized to elucidate the latent factor structure. A six-factor model was validated through confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. The convergent and discriminant validity of the final scale were assessed.ResultsEFA produced a 21-item scale grouped into six factors that explain 75.78% of the total variance with eigenvalues &gt;1. All items showed acceptable reliability, ranging from 0.807 to 0.935. The first factor pertained to financial constraints; the second factor was concerning lack of knowledge and awareness; the third factor was related to anxiety and fear; the fourth factor related to negative past dental experiences; the fifth factor included issues related to limited accessibility to dental services; and the last factor was concerning insufficient dental guidance. The CFA results indicate an acceptable model fit, with standardized factor loadings spanning from 0.54 to 0.99. The model factors’ convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed.ConclusionThis study enhances the understanding of barriers to prosthodontic treatment in a Saudi Arabian teaching dental hospital. It introduces a novel scale for further data collection, aiding policymakers and stakeholders in addressing these barriers and improving public oral health. Future studies should validate this scale and explore its applicability in various contexts and populations.
The relationship between psychological abuse, athlete satisfaction, eating disorder and self-harm indicators in elite athletes
Authors: Willson Erin , Buono Stephanie , Kerr Gretchen , Stirling Ashley 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionPsychological abuse continues to be the most frequently reported type of maltreatment among athletes leading to negative mental health such as low mood and self-esteem, increased anxiety, self-harm, and eating disorders. Preliminary evidence suggests athlete satisfaction can influence the perceived outcomes associated with psychological abuse. Despite its negative impacts on athletes, psychological abuse continues to be justified as a tool to enhance athletic performance.MethodsThis study sought to examine the effects of psychological abuse on athlete satisfaction and mental health indicators of eating disorders and self-harm. Participants consisted of Canadian National Team athletes who completed a survey of maltreatment in sport with items assessing psychological abuse, athlete satisfaction, eating disorder and self harm indicators (n = 794).ResultsResults indicated a negative correlation between psychological abuse and athlete satisfaction, and a positive correlation with eating disorders and self-harm indicators. Additionally, athlete satisfaction was a significant moderator of psychological abuse on eating disorder and self-harm indicators. High athlete satisfaction buffered against the negative effects of psychological abuse on self-harming indicators in non-aesthetic and weight based sport and non-team sport athletes. Conversely, the interaction between athlete satisfaction and psychological abuse was marginally significant in predicting increased negative effects on eating disorders in aesthetic and weight based sport athletes.DiscussionThese findings highlight the detrimental effects psychological abuse can have on athletes in relation to eating disorders and self-harm, and the buffering role of athlete satisfaction on self-harm but not eating disorder indicators in aesthetic and weight based sport athletes. Recommendations include increased attention to preventing psychological abuse in sport.
Duration, score, and timing: factors influencing the success of offensive transitions in top, marginal, and emerging football leagues
Authors: Eusebio Pedro , Prieto-González Pablo , Marcelino Rui 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe study aimed to increase our understanding of offensive transitions in football, focusing on the time spent executing them and how it is influenced by the period in which they occur and the instant score. The objective is to understand its temporal variables and how they influence the unfolding of the scoreline during a match.MethodologyThis study analyzes 1,649 goals resulting from offensive transitions in 1,151 games across three leagues categories: Top, Marginal, and Emerging leagues. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to understand associations and predictors between the variables: “duration of a transition”, “Time of offensive transition occur” and the “score at the moment”.ResultsThe research reveals that, across all league categories, the last 15 min of the first and second halves, have the highest frequency of successful offensive transitions, particularly on the last 15 min of matches. In Top leagues, 69% of offensive transitions last for 9 s or more, with slower transitions more prevalent towards the end of games. In Marginal leagues, 41% of successful transitions took 13 s or longer, while in Emerging leagues, 53% of successful offensive transitions occurred when the game was not in a 0–0 state. The results show associations between all variables in Top Leagues. No associations were found in Marginal leagues. Associations between duration of the transition and the time of the game they occur were found on Emerging Leagues.ConclusionThese findings underscore the importance of tailored strategic plans for offensive transitions, to optimize scoring opportunities and performances.
A primary rat neuron-astrocyte-microglia tri-culture model for studying mechanisms of neurotoxicity
Authors: Badley Jessie R. , Bhusal Aishwarya , Lein Pamela J. 
Published: January 2025

Primary cell cultures from rodent brain are widely used to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms of neurotoxicity. To date, however, it has been challenging to reliably culture endogenous microglia in dissociated mixed cultures. This is a significant limitation of most in vitro neural cell models given the growing awareness of the importance of interactions between neurons, astrocytes and microglia in defining responses to neurotoxic exposures. We recently developed a tri-culture model consisting of neurons, astrocytes and microglia dissociated from the developing rat neocortex and demonstrated that this tri-culture model more faithfully mimics in vivo neuroinflammatory responses then standard neuron-only or neuron-astrocyte co-cultures. Here, we describe our protocol for generating tri-cultures of rat cortical neurons, astrocytes and microglia in which all 3 cell types can be maintained for up to 1 month in culture at the same relative ratio observed in the developing rat neocortex. We also discuss applications of this model for neurotoxicity testing, as well as the potential of this model to fill a current gap for assessing neuroinflammation in the in vitro testing battery for developmental neurotoxicity.
Methodological Approaches to Comparative Trend Analyses: The Case of Adolescent Toothbrushing
Authors: Torsheim Torbjørn , Elgar Frank J. , Cosma Alina , Residori Caroline , Samdal Oddrun , Schnohr Christina 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesResearch questions about how and why health trends differ between populations require decisions about data analytic procedure. The objective was to document and compare the information returned from stratified, fixed effect and random effect approaches to data modelling for two prototypical descriptive research questions about comparative trends in toothbrushing.MethodsData included five cycles of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2006 to 2022, which provided a sample of 980192 11- to 15- year olds from 35 countries. Using logistic regression models and generalized linear mixed models, toothbrushing daily was regressed on time, following the three approaches to analysis of trends.ResultsThe stratified approach suggested a positive but non-linear trend in toothbrushing from 2006 to 2022 in most countries but provided no statistical inference on the variation. The fixed effect and the random effect approach converged on a positive but flattening overall trend, with a statistically significant country variation in trends.ConclusionOnly the fixed effect approach and the random effects approach provided clear answers to the research question. Additional methodological considerations for making an informed choice of analytical approach are discussed.
Relationship Between Organic Farmland Expansion and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Europe in Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Kozlovskyi Serhii , Zayukov Ivan , Kozlovskyi Volodymyr , Tregubov Oleksandr , Storchak Sviatoslav , Mishchenko Viktor , Lavrov Ruslan 
Published: January 2025

The global community is endeavouring to achieve the ambitious Sustainable Development Goals. An important area of implementation of all the seventeen goals is the introduction of organic production in agriculture. This will contribute to providing the population with food; improving public health; overcoming the problems related to hunger, poverty, poor health, limited clean drinking water, energy shortages, depletion of natural resources, climate change, and pollution of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The EU-27 countries need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero by 2050, which exacerbates the issue. For this reason, the paper hypothesizes that organic farmland expansion will potentially result in an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Accordingly, the purpose of the paper is to conduct empirical research into the impact of organic farmland expansion on the increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the EU. The correlation and regression analysis based on the use of available Eurostat statistics for the period 2014-2021 for selected individual European countries demonstrated that the majority of European countries exhibit a high degree of correlation. According to data from all EU Member States (27), the relationship is strong and directly proportional. It was found that with an increase in the area of organic farmland by 1% in the EU27, greenhouse gas emissions will increase by 0.00000025 thousand tons. The calculations revealed that ceteris paribus, greenhouse gas emissions are influenced by the expansion of organic farmland by 62.4%. Among the European countries under study, similar trends are observed in Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Spain, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Finland, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Meanwhile, in Lithuania and the Netherlands, the relationship is inversely proportional. Weak correlation, as evidenced by the calculated correlation coefficient, is observed in such European countries as Bulgaria (0.05); Poland (0.02); Slovakia (0.05). To implement the Sustainable Development Goals, it is recommended to take measures to change the culture of food consumption; to use agricultural technologies, methods, equipment, machinery and mechanisms more efficiently; and to rationally use the waste.
Calculation of Actuarial Values Using The Result of The 2019 Makeham Mortality Law Contruction and The Cox Ingersoll Ros
Authors: M Suriani , Nisardi Muhammad Rifki , Nursamsi Nursamsi , Hukmah Hukmah , Sulma Sulma 
Published: January 2025

Premium is an amount of money that must be paid by the customer at a certain time based on the insurance policy. This study aims to determine the value of whole life insurance premiums using the Makeham mortality law method and the Cox Ingersoll Ross (CIR) model. The result of the study obtained the calculation of interest rates using the CIR model, the smaller the value, the greater discount and the premium paid using the Makeham mortality law method was Rp. 102.478 < premium < Rp. 1.270.630 / Mounth.
Sistema administrativo para el control de recursos y optimización de procesos, caso: llantera Tihuatlán, Veracuz, México
Authors: Valdez Ruth Jael Hernández , Escalante María Teresa Loya , Alarcón Alma Lilia García , Mejía José Antonio García , González-Rocha Sergio Natan 
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolla dentro de la zona ubicada en Tihuatlán Veracruz en México. Se propone el desarrollo de un software de inventario y sitio de ventas, para automatizar las diferentes áreas en las que impacta el proceso de línea de producción y ventas que se ejecutan dentro de una empresa. El objetivo principal fue el desarrollo del software de gestión de inventario (SGI), así como un sitio de ventas que permita mejorar su control de inventario y en segundo dar a conocer a «Llantera Tihuatlán» a nivel regional haciéndola sobresalir, permitiendo agilizar el proceso de búsqueda, venta de productos y la atención al cliente, optimizando los tiempos de espera. Para realizarlo se implementó la metodología RAD (Rapid Application Development) permite el desarrollo funcional, eficiente, ágil e iterativo, para su uso inmediato, con ello el diseño de prototipos y la entrega de forma iterativa para la organización, verificando su funcionalidad y beneficios para la empresa. Como resultado utilizando herramientas como lo son aquellas que provienen de Windows, el lenguaje de programación JAVA, NetBeans IDE 8.2 y un Sistema Gestor de Base de Datos (SGBD) como el SQL Server, se desarrolló un sitio de ventas integrado a un SGI para la empresa Llantera Tihuatlán en Veracruz, México.
Identifying Hierarchically Triple Star Systems with Gaia DR3 and LAMOST
Authors: He Tongyu , Li Jiao , Li Jiangdan , Xiong Jianping , Zhang Xiaobin , Kovalev Mikhail , Cheng Qiyuan , Guo Sufen , Yang Mingkuan , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Triple star systems are critical for understanding stellar dynamics and compact objects in astrophysics, yet confirmed hierarchical triples identified via spectroscopy remain limited. In this study, we identified 23 triple systems by cross matching the Gaia DR3 non-single-star catalog with Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope DR10 spectroscopic data, 18 of them are new discoveries. For two well-observed triples, we performed radial velocity curve fitting and light curve analysis to determine their orbital parameters, with inner and outer periods of 1.26 and 656 days for one triple, and 3.42 and 422 days for the other. And we compared the results with other studies. We also analyzed the radial velocities of these 23 tripls, revealing a range of ΔV from approximately 40–210 km s−1. Due to spectral resolution and detection limitations, velocity differences below 45 km s−1 in binaries and below 90 km s−1 in the inner binaries of triple systems are challenging to detect. Consequently, our detection range for inner orbital periods is restricted to 0.2–20 days, with the highest efficiency for periods under 10 days. These findings underscore the advantage of spectroscopic observations for identifying triple systems with short inner orbital periods.
Adding RR Lyrae y-Band Template Light Curves to gatspy
Authors: Ngeow Chow-Choong , Cheng Chia-Yu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We complement the y-band template light curves for RR Lyrae to the well-established template light curves in the ugriz-band, where the latter have been adopted in the astroML/gatspy python package as one of the period-search methods for RR Lyrae. These y-band template light curves were constructed based on the z-band time series data taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), the y-band light curves from the Pan-STARRS1 survey, and dedicated y-band observations using the Lulin One-meter Telescope for RR Lyrae located in the SDSS Stripe 82 region. These y-band template light curves, 9 for the ab-type RR Lyrae and 3 for the c-type RR Lyrae, can be applied in conjunction to the ugriz-band template light curves for upcoming sky surveys involving the y-band, such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time.
Characterizing Stellar and Gas Properties in NGC 628: Spatial Distributions, Radial Gradients, and Resolved Scaling Relations
Authors: Wei 魏 Peng 鹏 , Zou 邹 Hu 虎 , Wang Jing , Kong 孔 Xu 旭 , Ma 马 Shuguo 树国 , Zhou 周 Ruilei 瑞蕾 , Zhou 周 Xu 旭 , Esamdin Ali , Sun Jiantao , Zhong Tuhong , Dang 党 Fei 飞 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Building on our previous research involving multiwavelength data from UV to IR, we employ spectroscopic observations of ionized gas, as well as neutral hydrogen gas obtained from the Five-hundred Meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST), to explore the intrinsic processes of star formation and chemical enrichment within NGC 628. Our analysis focuses on several key properties, including gas-phase extinction, star formation rate (SFR) surface density, oxygen abundance, and H i mass surface density. The azimuthal distributions of these parameters in relation to the morphological and kinematic features revealed by FAST H i reveal that NGC 628 is an isolated galaxy that has not undergone recent interactions. We observe a mild radial extinction gradient accompanied by a notable dispersion. The SFR surface density also shows a gentle radial gradient, characteristic of typical spiral galaxies. Additionally, we find a negative radial metallicity gradient of −0.44 dex

R

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, supporting the “inside-out” scenario of galaxy formation. We investigate the resolved mass–metallicity relation (MZR) and the resolved star formation main sequence (SFMS) alongside their dependences on the physical properties of both ionized and neutral hydrogen gas. Our findings indicate no secondary dependence of the resolved MZR on SFR surface density or H i mass surface density. Furthermore, we observe that gas-phase extinction and the equivalent width of Hα both increase with SFR surface density in the resolved SFMS.
Simons Observatory: Predeployment Performance of a Large Aperture Telescope Optics Tube in the 90 and 150 GHz Spectral Bands
Authors: Sierra Carlos E. , Harrington Kathleen , Sutariya Shreya , Alford Thomas , Kofman Anna M. , Chesmore Grace E. , Austermann Jason E. , Bazarko Andrew , Beall James A. , Bhandarkar Tanay , Devlin Mark J. , Dicker Simon R. , Dow Peter N. , Duff Shannon M. , Dutcher Daniel , Galitzki Nicholas , Golec Joseph E. , Groh John C. , Gudmundsson Jon E. , Haridas Saianeesh K. , Healy Erin , Hubmayr Johannes , Iuliano Jeffrey , Johnson Bradley R. , Lessler Claire S. , Lew Richard A. , Link Michael J. , Lucas Tammy J. , McMahon Jeffrey J. , Moore Jenna E. , Nati Federico , Niemack Michael D. , Schmitt Benjamin L. , Silva-Feaver Max , Singh Robinjeet , Sonka Rita F. , Thomas Alex , Thornton Robert J. , Tsan Tran , Ullom Joel N. , Van Lanen Jeffrey L. , Vavagiakis Eve M. , Vissers Michael R. , Wang Yuhan , Zheng Kaiwen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Simons Observatory will map the temperature and polarization over half of the sky at millimeter wavelengths in six spectral bands from the Atacama Desert in Chile. These data will provide new insights into the genesis, content, and history of our Universe, the astrophysics of galaxies and galaxy clusters, objects in our solar system, and time-varying astrophysical phenomena. This ambitious new instrument suite, initially comprising three 0.5 m diameter small aperture telescopes and one 6 m diameter large aperture telescope, is designed using a common combination of new technologies and new implementations to realize an observatory significantly more sensitive than the previous generation. In this paper, we present the predeployment performance of the first mid-frequency “optics tube,” which will be fielded on the large aperture telescope with sensitivity to the 90 and 150 GHz spectral bands. This optics tube contains lenses, filters, detectors, and readout components, all of which operate at cryogenic temperatures. It is one of seven that form the core of the large aperture telescope receiver in its initial deployment. We describe this optics tube, including details of comprehensive testing methods, new techniques for beam and passband characterization, and its measured performance. The performance metrics include beams, optical efficiency, passbands, and forecasts for the on-sky performance of the system. We forecast a sensitivity that exceeds the requirements of the large aperture telescope with greater than 30% margin in each spectral band and predict that the instrument will realize diffraction-limited performance and the expected detector passbands.