bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing hospitalists' opinions regarding the role of environmental health within the practice of hospital medicine
Authors: Gordon Lesley B. , Liu Katherine T. , Hudak Nicole C. , Auerbach Andrew 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental health represents the concept that a stable climate and clean environment are fundamental prerequisites for good human health. Despite growing awareness of the impact of climate change more broadly, knowledge of environmental health has not fully entered mainstream medicine in the United States.ObjectiveTo understand practicing hospitalists' perspectives regarding the current and future roles of environmental health within the practice of hospital medicine, as well as existing barriers and potential motivators to its further inclusion.MethodsWe conducted virtual focus groups of practicing hospitalists in partnership with the Hospital Medicine Reengineering Network from across the United States. Structured interviews elicited hospitalists' thoughts pertaining to environmental health. Transcripts then underwent descriptive coding to identify and group comments into themes.ResultsWe conducted three focus groups with a total of 14 physician participants. Four themes emerged: the negative environmental impact of the healthcare system, a lack of prioritization of environmental health within hospital medicine, the potential for expanding environmental health in nonclinical roles including medical education, and the importance of systems‐level support.ConclusionEnvironmental health is felt to be of importance, and while there exist avenues to do better, there is limited understanding of hospitalists' most effective role in making change.
National risks and equity strategies for cross‐border mergers and acquisitions in the tourism industry
Authors: Song Changyao , Tao Zhihua , Li Xinjian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUncertainties and risks have posed significant challenges to cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in tourism. By using the cross‐border M&A data from 2000 to 2020, this study examines the relationship between the national risks of the host country and equity strategies for cross‐border M&As in tourism. The results show that the greater the host country's comprehensive risk and economic risk, the less inclined the tourism industry is to adopt high‐equity M&A strategies, and the fewer the shares and the lower the amount of cross‐border M&A transactions. Industry correlation negatively moderates the effect of national risks while institutional distance has positive moderating effect. The moderating role of cultural distance on the equity selection effect of national risks is limited.
Efficient Fiber‐to‐Chip Interface via an Intermediated CdS Nanowire
Authors: Jin Yingying , Yang Liu , Huang Yishu , Yang Yuxin , Wang Pan , Dai Daoxin , Guo Xin , Tong Limin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn efficient fiber‐to‐chip interface via an intermediated CdS nanowire is demonstrated. The fiber mode is firstly squeezed through a fiber taper drawn at the end of a single‐mode fiber, then evanescently coupled into an intermediated CdS nanowire with a longitudinally tapering profile, and finally coupled into an on‐chip silicon waveguide (SiW) via a waveguide taper fabricated on it. Since the fiber‐nanowire‐SiW cascade structure is designed to match effective indices in each coupling area, such a fiber‐to‐chip interface ensures a bidirectional coupling efficiency up to 90% and a 3‐dB bandwidth over 100 nm in experiments. The difference of coupling efficiencies between the TM or TE modes is less than 0.5 dB in the spectral range of 1545–1635 nm. The footprint of the on‐chip coupling structure is about 10 µm in size. The results may provide a compact, efficient, and versatile fiber‐to‐chip interface in applications including optical interconnects, coherent communication, and quantum optical circuitry.
3D Printing of Luminescent Glass with Controlled Distribution of Emission Colors for Multi‐Dimensional Optical Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Ouyang Min , Zhang Hao , Li Mingjia , Zhang Jie , Gong Yuqing , Huang Xiongjian , Liu Xiaofeng , Qiu Jianrong , Yang Zhongmin , Dong Guoping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of multicolor luminescent glass with simultaneous controlling of the distribution of emission colors within a monolithic medium has been a tremendous challenge, which, however, could be attractive for diverse photonic applications from optical storage to information encryption. Here, a space‐selective doping method based on a stereolithographic technique is designed, enabling the control of the doping domain of the active luminescence ions, such as Eu3+, Ce3+, Tb3+, and Pr3+, in 3D‐printed single silica glasses. The printed glass shows intense multicolor luminescence, and the interface between the two doping areas is invisible under natural light. By using this technique, multicolor luminescent glass with pre‐designed emission color distribution is fabricated, which enables facile and nondestructive decryption strategies based on photoluminescence under controlled excitation conditions. Besides, the extending of this strategy by using a femtosecond laser for photopolymerization dramatically improves the printing resolution down to the few‐micron scale, enabling the multi‐dimensional optical storage and encryption in miniaturized glass items. This work not only delineates the potential applications of multicolor luminescent glass for multi‐dimensional anti‐counterfeiting and information storage, but also opens up new avenues for prospective applications in sensing, lasers, and displays based on glasses with spatially engineered optical responses.
Association of dietary patterns, circulating lipid profile, and risk of obesity
Authors: Pan Lang , Shi Kexiang , Lv Jun , Pang Yuanjie , Guo Yu , Pei Pei , Du Huaidong , Millwood Iona , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Gao Ruqin , Yang Xiaoming , Avery Daniel , Chen Junshi , Yu Canqing , Chen Zhengming , Li Liming ,   the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to simultaneously explore the associations of major dietary patterns (DP) with lipid profiles and the associations of these profiles with general and central obesity risks and to evaluate the extent to which the metabolites mediate such associations.MethodsHabitual food consumption of 4778 participants with an average age of 47.0 from the China Kadoorie Biobank was collected using a 12‐item food frequency questionnaire. Plasma samples were analyzed via targeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to quantify 129 lipid‐related metabolites. Anthropometric information was measured by trained staff.ResultsTwo DPs were derived by factor analysis. The newly affluent southern pattern was characterized by high intakes of rice, meat, poultry, and fish, whereas the balanced pattern was characterized by consuming meat, poultry, fish, fresh fruit, fresh vegetables, dairy, eggs, and soybean. The newly affluent southern pattern was positively associated with 45 metabolites, which were positively associated with risks of obesity at the same time. The global lipid profile potentially explained 30.9%, 34.7%, and 53.1% of the effects of this DP on general obesity, waist circumference‐defined central obesity, and waist‐hip ratio‐defined central obesity, respectively.ConclusionsThe newly affluent southern pattern points to an altered lipid profile, which showed higher general and central obesity risks. These findings partly suggest the biological mechanism for the obesogenic effects of this DP.
Synoptic‐scale and mesoscale controls for tornadogenesis on cold fronts: A tornadic cold front in amplifying northwesterly flow
Authors: Clark M. R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe structure and evolution of a cold front that produced a tornadic narrow cold‐frontal rainband (NCFR) over the UK on 20 November 2013 is explored using reanalysis data, high‐resolution model simulations and observations. Physical links are found to exist across a range of spatiotemporal scales, through which the evolving large‐scale flow field exerts an influence on the timing and location of miso‐scale vortex genesis, and therefore the potential for tornado genesis. The synoptic‐scale flow pattern exhibited amplification, consisting of upstream ridge building and downstream trough extension. A prominent jet streak and associated positive potential vorticity (PV) anomaly and tropopause fold moved rapidly southeastward on the rear flank of the extending upper‐level trough, the leading edge of these features eventually overspreading the surface cold front over the UK. Increasing 850 hPa frontogenesis occurred underneath the left exit of the jet streak and associated, intensifying, PV anomaly. A filament of dry, high‐PV air was extruded from the overlying tropopause fold within an intensifying front‐transverse circulation in this region. This dry filament eventually penetrated to low levels immediately behind the front, where it undercut the upper, rearward parts of the wide cold‐frontal precipitation band. Model fields and observations suggest that diabatic cooling, associated with sublimation of solid hydrometeors falling into the dry filament, led to the development of local downdraft and near‐surface divergence maxima and a prominent cold pool immediately behind the surface cold front over central England. Increases in horizontal convergence, updraft speed, and horizontal temperature gradients along the frontal boundary immediately ahead of the cold pool resulted in development of a locally well‐defined cold front and associated NCFR, where the surface front was formerly (and elsewhere continued to be) relatively weak. Tornadoes occurred in association with miso‐scale vortices that developed rapidly along an intensifying vertical vortex sheet at the NCFR.
Disparities in sustainable development goals compliance and their association with country risk
Authors: Marti Luisa , Cervelló‐Royo Roberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe sustainable development goals are aimed at making humankind aware of the importance of establishing common guidelines relating to three fundamental purposes: eradicating poverty, protecting the planet, and improving people's lives. Sustainable development is linked to financial and business risk, financing is necessary to achieve the SDGs. In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyze the homogeneity in SDG achievement, based on People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace, and Partnership for year 2021. To that end, a cluster analysis is applied, distinguishing between two samples of countries defined by their level of wealth. Furthermore, a synthetic indicator is used to produce a ranking of countries according to their achievement of the SDGs; contingency tables are then created and the χ2 test is used to identify which country risk factors are associated with SDG achievement. The results indicate that the major powers perform similarly in successfully achieving the 5Ps. Also, the χ2 test confirms that a good economic and financial position which allows access to international financial markets at a reasonable cost is linked to optimal SDG achievement in high‐income areas. However, Economic assessment, Access to international capital markets and Debt indicators are not associated with better SDG achievement in the poorest countries.
Mathematics and Geometry in the Nembro Reinforced Concrete Arch Bridge
Authors: Cardaci Alessio , Versaci Antonella , Azzola Pietro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResiliency in concrete infrastructures has become an important issue. Adequate conservation/maintenance plans are essential to ensure their lifespan and preserve their value. Monitoring processes to assess their condition is an essential prerequisite which may benefit from cameras and UAVs. This paper focuses on the experience taken on Nembro arch bridge.
Anatomy of the Tsunami and Lamb Waves-Induced Ionospheric Signatures Generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcanic Eruption
Authors: Munaibari Edhah , Rolland Lucie , Sladen Anthony , Delouis Bertrand 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs tsunamis propagate across open oceans, they remain largely unseen due to the lack of adequate sensors. To address this fundamental limitation of existing tsunami warnings, we investigate Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data to monitor the ionosphere Total Electron Content (TEC) for Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) created by tsunami-induced internal gravity waves (IGWs). The approach has been applied to regular tsunamis generated by earthquakes, while the case of undersea volcanic eruptions injecting energy into both the ocean and the atmosphere remains mostly unexplored. With both a regular tsunami and air-sea waves, the large 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption is a challenge. Here, we show that even in near-field regions (1000–1500 km), despite the complex wavefield, we can isolate the regular tsunami signature. We also highlight that the eruption-generated Lamb wave induces an ionospheric disturbance with a similar waveform and an amplitude spatial pattern consistent with IGW origin but with a quasi-constant propagation speed (~ 315 m/s). These results imply that when GNSS-TEC measurements are registered near an ocean bottom pressure sensor, they can help discriminating the regular tsunami from the initial air-sea waves appearing in the sensor observations.
Gender differences in the prevalence of mental distress in East and West Germany over time: a hierarchical age-period-cohort analysis, 2006–2021
Authors: Otten Daniëlle , Heller Ayline , Schmidt Peter , Beutel Manfred E. , Brähler Elmar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Mental distress has become a major public health concern. Temporal trends in psychological distress are complex and depend on numerous factors. In this study, we examined age-period-cohort effects for mental distress including gender and German region over a 15 years’ time span.

Methods
Data on mental distress from ten cross-sectional surveys of the general German population, covering the years from 2006 to 2021, was used. Hierarchical age-period-cohort analyses including gender and German region as predictors were performed to disentangle age, period, and cohort effects. The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 was used as a brief screener for mental distress.

Results
We found significant period and cohort effects, with peek values for mental distress in the years 2017 and 2020 and for the oldest birth cohort (born before 1946). Age did not affect mental distress when cohort- and period effects as well as gender and German region were considered. An interaction effect for gender and the German region was found. Women in West Germany reported significantly higher mental distress compared to women in East Germany. Compared to men, women reported the highest prevalence in both regions.

Conclusion
Important political events as well as major crises can lead to an increase of mental distress in societies. Furthermore, an association between birth cohort and mental distress could be linked to socialization effects of that certain time, causing traumatic experiences or a specific coping style within this cohort group. Prevention and intervention strategies could benefit from acknowledging structural differences linked to period and cohort effects.
CD33 BiTE® molecule-mediated immune synapse formation and subsequent T-cell activation is determined by the expression profile of activating and inhibitory checkpoint molecules on AML cells
Authors: Marcinek Anetta , Brauchle Bettina , Rohrbacher Lisa , Hänel Gerulf , Philipp Nora , Märkl Florian , Strzalkowski Thaddäus , Lacher Sonja M. , Udiljak Dragica , Spiekermann Karsten , Theurich Sebastian , Kobold Sebastian , Kischel Roman , James John R. , Bücklein Veit L. , Subklewe Marion 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBispecific T-cell engager (BiTE®) molecules recruit T cells to cancer cells through CD3ε binding, independently of T-cell receptor (TCR) specificity. Whereas physiological T-cell activation is dependent on signal 1 (TCR engagement) and signal 2 (co-stimulation), BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation occurs without additional co-stimulation. As co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules modulate the strength and nature of T-cell responses, we studied the impact of the expression profile of those molecules on target cells for BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Accordingly, we created a novel in vitro model system using murine Ba/F3 cells transduced with human CD33 ± CD86 ± PD-L1. T-cell fitness was assessed by T-cell function assays in co-cultures and immune synapse formation by applying a CD33 BiTE molecule (AMG 330). Using our cell-based model platform, we found that the expression of positive co-stimulatory molecules on target cells markedly enhanced BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation. The initiation and stability of the immune synapse between T cells and target cells were significantly increased through the expression of CD86 on target cells. By contrast, the co-inhibitory molecule PD-L1 impaired the stability of BiTE molecule-induced immune synapses and subsequent T-cell responses. We validated our findings in primary T-cell-AML co-cultures, demonstrating a PD-L1-mediated reduction in redirected T-cell activation. The addition of the immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) lenalidomide to co-cultures led to stabilization of immune synapses and improved subsequent T-cell responses. We conclude that target cells modulate CD33 BiTE molecule-dependent T-cell activation and hence, combinatorial strategies might contribute to enhanced efficacy.
Exploring the association of Brownfield remediation status with socioeconomic conditions in Wayne County, MI
Authors: O’Leary Brendan F. , Hill Alex B. , Linn Colleen , Lu Mei , Miller Carol J. , Newman Andrew , Sperone F. Gianluca , Zhang Qiong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urban neighborhoods with locations of environmental contamination, known as brownfields, impact entire neighborhoods, but corrective environmental remedial action on brownfields is often tracked on an individual property basis, neglecting the larger neighborhood-level impact. This study addresses this impact by examining spatial differences between brownfields with unmitigated environmental concerns (open site) and sites that are considered fully mitigated or closed in urban neighborhoods (closed site) on the US census tract scale in Wayne County, MI. Michigan’s Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy’s leaking underground storage tank (LUST) database provided brownfield information for Wayne County. Local indicators of spatial association (LISA) produced maps of spatial clustering and outliers. A McNemar’s test demonstrated significant discordances in LISA categories between LUST open and closed sites (p < 0.001). Geographically weighted regressions (GWR) evaluated the association between open and closed site spatial density (open-closed) with socioeconomic variables (population density, proportion of White or Black residents, proportion of college educated populations, the percentage of owner-occupied units, vacant units, rented units, and median household value). Final multivariate GWR showed that population density, being Black, college education, vacant units, and renter occupied units were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with open-closed, and that those associations varied across Wayne County. Increases in Black population was associated with increased open-closed. Increases in vacant units, renter-occupied units, and college education were associated with decreased open-closed. These results provide input for environmental justice research to identify inequalities and discover the distribution of environmental hazards among urban neighborhoods.
An Improvement on the Base-Change Theorem and the Functor $$f^!$$
Authors: Neeman Amnon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn 2009, Lipman published his polished book (Lipman in Foundations of Grothendieck duality for diagrams of schemes, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1960, Springer, Berlin, pp 1–259, 2009), the product of a decade’s work, giving the definitive, state-of-the-art treatment of Grothendieck duality. In this article, we achieve a sharp improvement: we begin by giving a new proof of the base-change theorem, which can handle unbounded complexes and work in the generality of algebraic stacks (subject to mild technical restrictions). This means that our base-change theorem must be subtle and delicate, the unbounded version is right at the boundary of known counterexamples—counterexamples (in the world of schemes) that had led the experts to believe that major parts of the theory could only be developed in the bounded-below derived category. Having proved our new base-change theorem, we then use it to define the functor $$f^!$$

f
!

on the unbounded derived category and establish its functoriality properties. In Sect. 1, we will use this to clarify the relation among all the various constructions of Grothendieck duality. One illustration of the power of the new methods is that we can improve Lipman (Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1960, Springer, Berlin, pp 1–259, 2009, Theorem 4.9.4) to handle complexes that are not necessarily bounded. There are also applications to the theory developed by Avramov, Iyengar, Lipman and Nayak on the connection between Grothendieck duality and Hochschild homology and cohomology but, to keep this paper from becoming even longer, these are being relegated to separate articles. See for example (Neeman in K-Theory—Proceedings of the International Colloquium, Mumbai, 2016, Hindustan Book Agency, New Delhi, pp 91–126, 2018).
Intrinsic Kinematics of the Tibiotalar and Subtalar Joints during Human Walking based on Dynamic Biplanar Fluoroscopy
Authors: Wang Shengli , Qian Zhihui , Liu Xiangyu , Song Guangsheng , Wang Kunyang , Wu Jianan , Liu Jing , Ren Lei , Ren Luquan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccurate knowledge of the kinematics of the in vivo Ankle Joint Complex (AJC) is critical for understanding the biomechanical function of the foot and assessing postoperative rehabilitation of ankle disorders, as well as an essential guide to the design of ankle–foot assistant devices. However, detailed analysis of the continuous 3D motion of the tibiotalar and subtalar joints during normal walking throughout the stance phase is still considered to be lacking. In this study, dynamic radiographs of the hindfoot were acquired from eight subjects during normal walking. Natural motions with six Degrees of Freedom (DOF) and the coupled patterns of the two joints were analyzed. It was found that the movements of the two joints were mostly in opposite directions (including rotation and translation), mainly in the early and late stages. There were significant differences in the Range of Motion (ROM) in Dorsiflexion/Plantarflexion (D/P), Inversion/Eversion (In/Ev), and Anterior–Posterior (AP) and Medial–Lateral (ML) translation of the tibiotalar and subtalar joints (p < 0.05). Plantarflexion of the tibiotalar joint was coupled with eversion and posterior translation of the subtalar joint during the impact phase (R2 = 0.87 and 0.86, respectively), and plantarflexion of the tibiotalar joint was coupled with inversion and anterior translation of the subtalar joint during the push-off phase (R2 = 0.93 and 0.75, respectively). This coordinated coupled motion of the two joints may be a manifestation of the AJC to move flexibly while bearing weight and still have stability.
Phase transitions for non-singular Bernoulli actions
Authors: BERENDSCHOT TEY 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInspired by the phase transition results for non-singular Gaussian actions introduced in [AIM19], we prove several phase transition results for non-singular Bernoulli actions. For generalized Bernoulli actions arising from groups acting on trees, we are able to give a very precise description of their ergodic-theoretical properties in terms of the Poincaré exponent of the group.