bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life cycle assessment of microalgal cultivation medium: biomass, glycerol, and beta-carotene production by Dunaliella salina and Dunaliella tertiolecta
Authors: de Souza Celente Gleison , de Cassia de Souza Schneider Rosana , Julich Jennifer , Rizzetti Tiele Medianeira , Lobo Eduardo Alcayaga , Sui Yixing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dunaliella is a halophilic genus of microalgae with high potential in the global food market. The microalgal cultivation process contributes to not only economic impact but also environmental impact, especially regarding the artificial medium composition. In this context, a life cycle assessment was carried out to analyze the impacts associated with the components of the modified Johnson medium (MJM) and to predict the best scenarios to cultivate Dunaliella tertiolecta and Dunaliella salina for biomass, glycerol, and beta-carotene production.

Method
Two chains were analyzed separately: (1) Dunaliella salina (strain DF 15) cultivated in 8 scenarios combining different nitrogen (0.1 and 1.0 g L−1 KNO3) and magnesium (1.1–2.3 g L−1 MgCl2.6H2O) concentrations to produce biomass, glycerol, and beta-carotene and (2) Dunaliella tertiolecta (strain CCAP 19/30) cultivated in 5 scenarios combining different nitrogen (0.1 and 1.0 g L−1 KNO3) and salt (116.9–175.4 g L−1 sea salt) concentrations to produce biomass and glycerol. In addition, we evaluated the potential of cultivating these species to reduce the carbon footprint of the proposed scenarios.

Results and discussion
For D. salina, S5 (1 g L−1 KNO3, 1.1 g L−1 MgCl2.6H2O) had the lowest environmental damage for biomass (74.2 mPt) and glycerol production (0.95 Pt) and S3 (0.1 g L−1 KNO3, 1.9 g L−1 MgCl2.6H2O) for beta-carotene (3.88 Pt). T4 (1 g L−1 KNO3, 116.9 g L−1 sea salt) was the best for D. tertiolecta for biomass (74 mPt) and glycerol (0.49 Pt). “Respiratory inorganics,” “Non-renewable energy,” and “Global warming” were the most impacted categories. “Human health,” “Climate change,” and “Resources” had the highest share of all damage categories. All the scenarios presented negative carbon emission after proposing using brine as alternative salt source: S5 was the best scenario (− 157.5 kg CO2-eq) for D. salina and T4 for D. tertiolecta (− 213.6 kg CO2-eq).

Conclusion
The LCA proved its importance in accurately predicting the optimal scenarios for MJM composition in the analyzed bioproducts, as confirmed by the Monte Carlo simulation. Although the absolute values of impacts and productivity cannot be directly compared to large-scale cultivation, the validity of the LCA results at this scale remains intact. Productivity gains could outweigh the impacts of “surplus” MJM components. Our study showcased the potential of combining D. salina and D. tertiolecta cultivation with CO2 capture, leading to a more environmentally friendly cultivation system with a reduced carbon footprint.
Expanding or defending legitimacy? Why international organizations intensify self-legitimation
Authors: Schmidtke Henning , Lenz Tobias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent decades have seen an intensification of international organizations’ (IOs) attempts to justify their authority. The existing research suggests that IO representatives have scaled up self-legitimation to defend their organizations’ legitimacy in light of public criticism. In contrast, this article demonstrates that IOs intensify self-legitimation to mobilize additional support from relevant audiences when their authority increases. We argue that self-legitimation aims primarily to achieve proactive legitimacy expansion instead of reactive legitimacy protection. We develop this argument in three steps. First, we draw on organizational sociology and management studies to theorize the connection between self-legitimation and an organization’s life stages. Second, we introduce a novel dataset on the self-legitimation of 28 regional IOs between 1980 and 2019 and show that the intensity of self-legitimation evolves in phases. Third, we provide a multivariate statistical analysis and a brief vignette on the African Union, both of which indicate that IOs that shift from unanimity or consensus to majority voting tend to intensify self-legitimation.
Avengers, assemble! A network-based contingency analysis of spillover effects in multi-brand alliances
Authors: Klostermann Jan , Hinze Tobias K. , Völckner Franziska , Kupfer Ann-Kristin , Schwerdtfeger Rouven 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBrand alliances are becoming increasingly complex, as marketers have begun to combine not only two but multiple brands to foster spillover effects. A particularly complex brand-alliance strategy is team brands, which combine various brands under a team-brand name. Using data from the Marvel brand universe, we examine contingency factors of sales spillover effects between team brands (e.g., Avengers) and their constituent brands (e.g., Hulk). We investigate the moderating role of key network characteristics, describing the team-brand networks and the constituent brands’ roles within these networks from both a firm perspective (brand-brand networks reflecting managers’ decisions about which constituent brands to combine) and a consumer perspective (brand-association networks reflecting consumers’ team-brand associations). The results show that network characteristics strongly affect spillovers and, more importantly, that their effect depends on both the direction (spillover from constituent brands to team brands or vice versa) and the network (brand-brand vs. brand-association network).
Does chronic pain influence our dreams? A dream content analytical approach
Authors: Mathes Jonas , Schuffelen Jennifer 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
To date, the relationship between frequent nightmares, chronic pain, waking-life distress and sleep quality is still unclear. Previous research has shown that chronic pain patients reported more frequent nightmares and critical life events compared to a control group. Moreover, patients reported pain dreams similar to pain in their waking-life, whereas controls reported pain dreams sparsely.

Objective
The aim of this study was to replicate these findings and to analyze the dream content of chronic pain patients in more detail.

Methods
A sample of chronic pain patients and healthy control individuals, matched in age and gender, were recruited. All participants completed psychometric questionnaires and a narrative dream diary for 14 consecutive days.

Results
Nightmare frequency, nightmare distress, pain dreams and distress caused by life events were increased in chronic pain patients compared to the control group. In addition, the patient group reported significantly more negative and aggressive dream contents and physical sensations in their dreams than the controls. These findings replicate continuity between waking-life and dream experiences concerning pain sensation. Distress caused by critical life events also played an important role in negative dream affect and pain perception.
Spiraling Risk: Visualizing the multilevel factors that socially pattern HIV risk among gay, bisexual & other men who have sex with men using Complex Systems Theory
Authors: Stojanovski K. , King E. J. , O’Connell S. , Gallagher K. S. , Theall K. P. , Geronimus A. T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
Global disparities in HIV infection, particularly among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), indicate the importance of exploring the multi-level processes that shape HIV’s spread. We used Complex Systems Theory and the PRISMA guidelines to conduct a systematic review of 63 global reviews to understand how HIV is socially patterned among GBMSM. The purpose was to conduct a thematic analysis of the reviews to (1) synthesize the multi-level risk factors of HIV risk, (2) categorize risk across the socioecological model, and (3) develop a conceptual model that visualizes the interrelated factors that shape GBMSMS’s HIV “risk.”

Recent Findings
We included 49 studies of high and moderate quality studies. Results indicated that GBMSM’s HIV risk stems from the individual, interpersonal, and structural levels of the socioecological model. We identified a few themes that shape GBMSM’s risk of HIV infection related to biomedical prevention methods; sexual and sex-seeking behaviors; behavioral prevention methods; individual-level characteristics and syndemic infections; lived experiences and interpersonal relationships; country-level income; country-level HIV prevalence; and structural stigma. The multi-level factors, in tandem, serve to perpetuate GBMSM’s risk of HIV infection globally.

Summary
The amalgamation of our thematic analyses from our systematic reviews of reviews suggests that the risk of HIV infection operates in an emergent, dynamic, and complex nature across multiple levels of the socioecological model. Applying complex systems theory indicates how multilevel factors create a dynamic and reinforcing system of HIV risk among GBMSM.
SAF: Stakeholders’ Agreement on Fairness in the Practice of Machine Learning Development
Authors: Curto Georgina , Comim Flavio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper clarifies why bias cannot be completely mitigated in Machine Learning (ML) and proposes an end-to-end methodology to translate the ethical principle of justice and fairness into the practice of ML development as an ongoing agreement with stakeholders. The pro-ethical iterative process presented in the paper aims to challenge asymmetric power dynamics in the fairness decision making within ML design and support ML development teams to identify, mitigate and monitor bias at each step of ML systems development. The process also provides guidance on how to explain the always imperfect trade-offs in terms of bias to users.
Body reconstruction, taxonomy, and biostratigraphy of a ‘problematic’ chancelloriid
Authors: Yun Hao , Reitner Joachim , Zhang Xingliang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChancelloriids are a group of ‘problematic’ fossils characterized by bag-shaped body equipped with mineralized sclerites on the external surface. Among the chancelloriid taxa, the genusDimidiawas known only by isolated sclerites from small shelly faunas and once regarded as a junior synonym ofAllonnia. The complete body ofDimidia simplexJiang is described herein for the first time, based on well-preserved specimens from the Chengjiang biota (Cambrian Stage 3) of South China. The nameDimidiais resurrected since the characteristic sclerites in the scleritome are distinctive within all known chancelloriid genera with complete bodies. The sclerites ofDimidiaare densely arranged, each composed of two symmetrical, acute rays that pointed out with their long axes nearly vertical to the body surface, structurally representing an intermediate type between the single-rayed and the common rosette-like composite sclerites of chancelloriids. The remains ofDimidiawere previously found across South China, Gondwana, and Laurentia, and stratigraphically ranging from the upper Stage 2 to Wuliuan Stage of the Cambrian. The discovery of complete bodies ofDimidiacontributes to revealing the diversity and clarifying the ‘problematic’ taxonomy of chancelloriids, and emphasizes the necessity to scrutinize more scleritome fossils to interpret the taxonomy and phylogenetic affinity of other small shelly fossils.
Effect of soil water on flowering and pod-set in chickpea: implications for modelling and managing frost and heat stress
Authors: Chauhan Yashvir S. , Anwar Muhuddin Rajin , Richards Mark F. , Lake Lachlan , Sadras Victor O. , Luckett David J. , Raman Rosy , Krosch Stephen , Graham Neroli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhenological development is critical for crop adaptation. Phenology models are typically driven by temperature and photoperiod, but chickpea phenology is also modulated by soil water, which is not captured in these models. This study is aimed at evaluating the hypotheses that accounting for soil water improves (i) the prediction of flowering, pod-set, and flowering-to-pod-set interval in chickpea and (ii) the computation of yield-reducing frost and heat events after flowering. To test these hypotheses, we compared three variants of the Agricultural Production System Simulator (APSIM): (i) APSIMc, which models development with no temperature threshold for pod-set; (ii) APSIMx, which sets a threshold of 15 °C for pod-set; and (iii) APSIMw, derived from APSIMc with an algorithm to moderate the developmental rate as a function of soil water, in addition to temperature and photoperiod common to all three models. Comparison of modelled and actual flowering and pod-set of a common cheque cultivar PBA BoundaryA in 54 diverse environments showed that accuracy and precision were superior for APSIMw. Because of improved prediction of flowering and pod-set timing, APSIMw improved the computation of the frequency of post-flowering frosts compared to APSIMc and APSIMx. The number of heat events was similar for all three models. We conclude that accounting for water effects on plant development can allow better matching between phenology and environment.
The Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Coaching Parents of Autistic Children Using Naturalistic Developmental Early Interventions: a Rapid Review
Authors: Alatar Wafa , Knott Fiona , Loucas Tom 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEvidence on the effectiveness of telemedicine in coaching parents of autistic children using naturalistic developmental early interventions is limited. This review aimed to examine the literature on the effectiveness of telemedicine on children’s social communication following parent-mediated naturalistic developmental early interventions. A total of nine studies were identified. Intervention characteristics, outcomes, and research quality were assessed. Findings suggest insufficient evidence for the effectiveness of telemedicine on child social communication. All the included studies were at high risk of bias in at least one quality indicator of the risk of bias tools. More high-quality research is required to examine the effectiveness of telemedicine applications on child social communication to support access and continuity of early intervention services.
Was There a Rule of Law in Early Modern Amsterdam? Mercantile Customary Law as a Test
Authors: in ‘t Veld Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis contribution intends to shed light on the development of the rule of law, particularly by questioning the existence of such rule of law in early modern Amsterdam. In literature, thinner and thicker definitions are given, mostly presented as a continuum. This contribution will focus on mercantile customary law as it is a legal source that hardly fits in the literature-based categories. The importance of customary law seems to have decreased parallel with the bureaucratization of law; similarly this legal source can be considered as relatively democratic as it was based on the consent of a certain community. This ambiguity was also part of an old debate among legal historians. Some have indeed argued that custom was indeed solely based on the tacit consent of communities while others claimed that custom was a legalistic source in the sense that it provided formal rules of decision often written down in a way very similar to law books. This debate runs parallel to the question to what extend merchants made use of public institutions in the organisation of their trades.With regard to early modern Amsterdam, this contribution argues on the basis of a variety of primary sources that lawyers and proctors had a relatively advanced legal system at their disposal in which moral convictions played an important role. The example of the city’s weigh house will be used to elaborate on the precise way the institutional and legal frameworks were applied in mercantile practice. It will be concluded that many mercantile customary norms can be linked to institutions like the weigh house, but that this institutionalisation was not necessarily at odds with a continuation or even development of democratic elements. Especially the guilds functioned as a vehicle that helped to articulate tacit customs while having a great influence on Amsterdam politics at the same time. For this reason it should be seriously considered that Amsterdam already had a relatively advanced legal system that was dependent on bureaucratic institutions in the early modern period. Such system should be considered as an important step towards the presence of the rule of law.
Rapid training of quantum recurrent neural networks
Authors: Siemaszko Michał , Buraczewski Adam , Le Saux Bertrand , Stobińska Magdalena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTime series prediction is essential for human activities in diverse areas. A common approach to this task is to harness recurrent neural networks (RNNs). However, while their predictions are quite accurate, their learning process is complex and, thus, time and energy consuming. Here, we propose to extend the concept of RRNs by including continuous-variable quantum resources in it and to use a quantum-enhanced RNN to overcome these obstacles. The design of the continuous-variable quantum RNN (CV-QRNN) is rooted in the continuous-variable quantum computing paradigm. By performing extensive numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the quantum network is capable of learning-time dependence of several types of temporal data and that it converges to the optimal weights in fewer epochs than a classical network. Furthermore, for a small number of trainable parameters, it can achieve lower losses than its classical counterpart. CV-QRNN can be implemented using commercially available quantum-photonic hardware.
Estimation of Reliability in Multicomponent Set-up when Stress and Strength are Non-identical
Authors: Pathak Anupam , Chaturvedi Anoop , Kumari Taruna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the multicomponent stress–strength reliability literary work, though assumption of identical stress and strengths components may not be universally true but have been commonly considered. Herein, we consider a multicomponent stress–strength model having k identical strength components, say $$X_i,~i=1,2,...,k$$

X
i

,

i
=
1
,
2
,
.
.
.
,
k

, which are exposed to a common random stress Y, so that $$Y, X_i,~i=1,2,...,k$$

Y
,

X
i

,

i
=
1
,
2
,
.
.
.
,
k

are independent. Two different generalized cases of estimation are considered; namely, (i) when the strength components follow the proportional hazard rate model and stress component follows the proportional reversed hazard rate model and (ii) when the strength components follow the proportional reversed hazard rate model and stress component follow the proportional hazard rate model. In each case, maximum likelihood and Bayesian approach using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method has been utilized to estimate the reliability of the system. Asymptotic confidence intervals are also constructed for the reliability functions in both the cases. Monte Carlo simulation study is exercised to compare the performance of the aforementioned estimators. A real data example is also explored to examine the utility of the paper.
Advance Consent in Acute Stroke Trials: Survey of Canadian Research Ethics Board Chairs
Authors: Seeger Rena , Udoh Ubong , Dewar Brian , Nicholls Stuart , Fedyk Mark , Fahed Robert , Perry Jeff , Hill Michael D. , Menon Bijoy , Swartz Richard H. , Poppe Alexandre Y. , Gocan Sophia , Brehaut Jamie , Dainty Katie , Shepherd Victoria , Dowlatshahi Dar , Shamy Michel 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT:Advance consent could allow individuals at high risk of stroke to provide consent before they might become eligible for enrollment in acute stroke trials. This survey explores the acceptability of this novel technique to Canadian Research Ethics Board (REB) chairs that review acute stroke trials. Responses from 15 REB chairs showed that majority of respondents expressed comfort approving studies that adopt advance consent. There was no clear preference for advance consent over deferral of consent, although respondents expressed significant concern with broad rather than trial-specific advance consent. These findings shed light on the acceptability of advance consent to Canadian ethics regulators.
Successful Large Hospital Evacuation With 11 350 Patients Transferred in the 2021 Zhengzhou Flood
Authors: Zhou Zichen , Zhang Yongzhong , Gou Jianjun , Kan Nan , Zhao Feida , Yao Lulu , Hou Shike 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
This is a case report of a huge hospital evacuation with 11 350 inpatients in the 2021 Zhengzhou flood in China, using a mixed methods analysis.

Methods:
The qualitative part was a content analysis of semi-structured interviews of 6 key hospital staff involved in evacuation management. The evacuation experience was reviewed according to the 4 stages of disaster management: prevention, preparation, response, and recovery.

Results:
Because of unprecedented torrential rain, the flood exceeded expectations, and there was a lack of local preventive measures. In preparation, according to the alert, the evacuation was planned to reduce the workload on inpatients and to accept the surge of medical needs by the flood. In response, the prioritization of critically ill patients and large-scale collaboration of hospital staff, rescue teams, and accepting branch made it possible to successfully transfer all 11 350 inpatients. In recovery, restoring medical services and a series of activities to improve the hospital’s vulnerability were carried out.

Conclusions:
A hospital evacuation is one of the strategies of the business continuity plan of a hospital. For the evacuation, leadership and collaboration were important. Challenges such as prolonged roadway flooding and the infrastructure issues were needed to be addressed throughout the evacuation process.
Current Situation of Disaster Preparedness for Effective Response in Japanese Special Needs Schools
Authors: Kawasaki Hiromi , Cui Zhengai , Kurokawa Mina , Sonai Kei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:Schools may serve as shelters in the event of a disaster, but little is known about the requirements of children with disabilities in such situations. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate disaster preparedness in Japanese special needs schools depending on the designation of welfare shelters.Methods:A questionnaire was distributed to schools nationwide. The respondents (authorities from 531 schools) answered questions about their jobs, disaster experiences, the school type, its students’ disabilities, its designation as a welfare shelter, its evacuation readiness, and the items of a disaster prevention awareness scale. Differences in preparedness among schools and the relationship between preparedness and designation as a welfare shelter were determined.Results:Most respondents had never experienced a natural disaster. Schools had insufficient resources to cope with disasters. While the majority (68.2%) had resources for children to stay overnight, a substantial minority of schools (31.8%) did not. No differences were found in preparedness among schools with different types of children with disabilities. Schools designated as welfare shelters were significantly better prepared than others.Conclusions:Special needs schools in Japan have limited disaster preparedness. The designation of schools as welfare shelters may increase their preparedness for disasters.