bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stratified topography theory to understand frictional electrification for sliding triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Li Haoran , Han Tianyu , Hu Hui , Shi Xi , Peng Zhike , Hu Songtao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Researchers are used to investigating the influence of surface topography on the frictional electrification of sliding triboelectric nanogenerators TENGs from the perspective of a single-stratum topography; however, a stratified feature has shared reality in closer relationships. Here, we characterize the stratified feature of the topographies for the sliding TENGs, and link them to the electrification voltages, finding that the frictional electrification strongly depends on the characteristics of the small-scale component in a stratified topography, which suggest us to develop a stratified electrification model for mechanism reveal. Based on the dependence, we also succeed in identifying the stratified topographic characteristics with frictional electrification signals by machine learning including support vector machine and convolutional neural network, which can be envisioned as a tool for topography measurement. This is the first demonstration of a stratified topography theory for sliding TENGs, providing new insights into the mechanism reveal and functional application of frictional electrification.
Investigation on the tunable and polarization sensitive three-band terahertz graphene metamaterial absorber
Authors: Zhan Ying , Fan Chunzhen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A tunable three-band absorber has been proposed and investigated in the terahertz (THz) with graphene strips. Three perfect absorption is elaborately analyzed with the electrical field and the induced surface current distribution. Owing to the unique character of graphene, the position and intensity of three peaks are flexibly regulated with different Fermi energy and chemical potential. Meanwhile, an on to off modulation of the perfect absorption is achieved when the polarization angle varies from 0 to 90°, and the modulation degree of three resonant peaks can simultaneously approach 100%, which are much higher than the previous work. Moreover, the tunable absorption is examined with different geometry parameters and intermediate medium. Such highly tunable absorber with our proposed design has numerous application potential in the controllable optical switchers, filters, detectors, and sensors.
CD5L aggravates rheumatoid arthritis progression via promoting synovial fibroblasts proliferation and activity
Authors: Wu Xia-Nan , Gao Zhao-Wei , Yang Lan , Zhang Juan , Liu Chong , Zhang Hui-Zhong , Dong Ke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease with progressive cartilage erosion and joint destruction. Synovial fibroblasts (SFs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA. This study aims to explore the function and mechanism of CD5L during RA progression. We examined the levels of CD5L in synovial tissues and SFs. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat models were used to investigate the effect of CD5L on RA progression. We also investigated the effects of exogenous CD5L on the behavior and activity of RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). Our results showed that CD5L expression was significantly upregulated in synovium of RA patients and CIA-rats. Histology and Micro-CT analysis showed that synovial inflammation and bone destruction were more severe in CD5L-treated CIA rats compared with control rats. Correspondingly, CD5L blockade alleviated bone damage and synovial inflammation in CIA-rats. The exogenous CD5L treatment promoted RASFs proliferation invasion and proinflammatory cytokine production. Knockdown of CD5L receptor by siRNA significantly reversed the effect of CD5L treatment on RASFs. Moreover, we observed that CD5L treatment potentiated PI3K/Akt signaling in the RASFs. The promoted effects of CD5L on IL-6 and IL-8 expression were significantly reversed by PI3K/Akt signaling inhibitor. In conclusion, CD5L promote RA disease progression via activating RASFs. CD5L blocking is a potential therapeutic approach for RA patients.
Heart in the Right Place: Thatcherism and Love in Jeanette Winterson’s The Passion
Authors: Parker Emma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This essay argues that Jeanette Winterson’s The Passion (1987) employs the past to examine the present and explores the role of love in Thatcherism. Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s The Cultural Politics of Emotion (2004), it proposes that Winterson opposes the passions that defined the decade—Thatcherite love of nation and money—with feminist and queer reconceptions of love based on connection, community, and otherness. By showing how the novel’s critique of Thatcherism intersects with critiques of heteropatriarchy, the essay challenges the view that Winterson’s fiction privileges matters of the heart over social and political issues. Anticipating Ahmed’s analysis, Winterson demonstrates that, while love often sustains inequality and injustice, love reconceived has the potential to reshape the world—a theme that becomes central to her later work.
Double trouble: trypanosomatids with two hosts have lower infection prevalence than single host trypanosomatids
Authors: Al-Ghafli Hawra , Barribeau Seth M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTrypanosomatids are a diverse family of protozoan parasites, some of which cause devastating human and livestock diseases. There are two distinct infection life cycles in trypanosomatids; some species complete their entire life cycle in a single host (monoxenous) while others infect two hosts (dixenous). Dixenous trypanosomatids are mostly vectored by insects, and the human trypanosomatid diseases are caused mainly by vectored parasites. While infection prevalence has been described for subsets of hosts and trypanosomatids, little is known about whether monoxenous and dixenous trypanosomatids differ in infection prevalence. Here, we use meta-analyses to synthesise all published evidence of trypanosomatid infection prevalence for the last two decades, encompassing 931 unique host-trypansomatid systems. In examining 584 studies that describe infection prevalence, we find, strikingly, that monoxenous species are two-fold more prevalent than dixenous species across all hosts. We also find that dixenous trypanosomatids have significantly lower infection prevalence in insects than their non-insect hosts. To our knowledge, these results reveal for the first time, a fundamental difference in infection prevalence according to host specificity where vectored species might have lower infection prevalence as a result of a potential ‘jack of all trades, master of none’ style trade-off between the vector and subsequent hosts.
Confirmation of presumptive Legionella colonies on culture media according to ISO 11731:2017: principles, problems, and practice
Authors: Ditommaso Savina , Giacomuzzi Monica , Memoli Gabriele , Garlasco Jacopo , Zotti Carla M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
The ISO 11731 norm, published in 2017, describes a method to identify and enumerate Legionella based exclusively on the confirmation of presumptive colonies by subculturing them on BCYE and BCYE-cys agar (BCYE agar without L-cysteine).

Methods and results
Despite this recommendation, our laboratory has kept confirming all presumptive Legionella colonies by combining the subculture method with the latex agglutination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Here, we show that the ISO 11731:2017 method adequately performs in our laboratory according to ISO 13843:2017. We compared the performance of the ISO method in detecting Legionella in typical and atypical colonies (n = 7156) from health care facilities (HCFs) water samples to that of our combined protocol, and we found a 2.1% false positive rate (FPR), underscoring the importance of combining agglutination test and PCR with subculture to achieve optimal confirmation. Lastly, we estimated the water system disinfection cost for HCFs (n = 7), which due to false positive results, would display Legionella values exceeding the threshold of risk acceptance established by the Italian guidelines.

Conclusions
Overall, this large-scale study indicates that the ISO 11731:2017 confirmation method is error-prone, leading to significant FPRs, and higher costs for HCFs due to remedial actions on their water systems.
Successful surgical management of a combined abdominal and thoracic penetrating injury: a case report
Authors: Hooda Zamaan , O’kane Lisa , Bustamante John Paul , Zaku Bledi , Aniukwu Jideofor , Wessner Scott , Cerda Luis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Penetrating rebar injuries are extremely rare occurrences, but they are very life-threatening, particularly when involving the thoracic and abdominal cavities. The surgical approach to these traumatic injuries depends upon the length and diameter of the rebar as well as the path of penetration into the abdominal and thoracic regions. Due to the highly uncommon occurrence of penetrating rebar injuries, there is very limited information and studies pertaining to this topic in the literature. In this case report, we present a 43-year-old male patient sustaining a rebar penetrating injury, with the entry site being the left flank and the exit site being the anterior left chest. Upon arrival, the patient was emergently taken to the operating room and underwent simultaneous exploratory laparotomy and a left thoracotomy. The operation was successful in removing the rebar and the patient survived.
Stapleless thoracoscopic lobectomy for congenital pulmonary airway malformation: a simple technique in thoracoscopic surgery
Authors: Masahata Kazunori , Uga Naoko , Nomura Motonari , Kamiyama Masafumi , Okuyama Hiroomi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a developmental malformation that affects the lung parenchyma, especially terminal respiratory bronchioles. This paper reports a case of an infant diagnosed with CPAM who underwent stapleless thoracoscopic lobectomy using Hem-o-Lok clips®. Computed tomography showed cystic pulmonary lesions in the left lower lobe. Thoracoscopic lobectomy was performed at the age of 1 year and 3 months. During surgery, the hilar vasculature was treated using either Hem-o-Lok® clips or a LigaSure vessel sealing system. The lower lobe bronchus was divided using double Hem-o-Lok® clips proximally. The surgery was successfully completed. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful, and there were no complications. This technique can be easily performed as a thoracoscopic lobectomy with the potential benefits of safe and effective procedures for bronchus closure and vascular sealing in the small working space of pediatric patients.
Robotic-assisted completion cholecystectomy with repair of cholecystoduodenal fistula
Authors: Hurwitz Joshua C , Kolwitz Christine E , Kim David Y , Petrone Patrizio , Halpern David K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Post-cholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) is a well-documented complication of incomplete cholecystectomy. The etiology is often post-surgical chronic inflammation from unresolved cholelithiasis, which is secondary to anatomical abnormalities, including a retained gallbladder or a large cystic duct remnant (CDR). An exceedingly rare consequence is retained gallstone fistulization into the gastrointestinal tract. We present a case of a 70-year-old female with multiple comorbidities 4 years status-post incomplete cholecystectomy, who developed PCS with cholecystoduodenal fistula secondary to retained gallstone in the remnant gallbladder, with CDR involvement, treated via robotic-assisted surgery. Reoperation in PCS has been traditionally performed via laparoscopic approach with recent advances made in robotic-assisted surgery. However, we report the first documented case of PCS complicated by bilioenteric fistula repaired with robotic-assisted surgery. This highlights the value of robotic-assisted surgery in complicated cases, where one must contend with post-surgical anatomic abnormalities and visualization difficulties. Subsequent investigation is necessary to objectively quantify the safety and reproducibility of our approach.
Incidence of Clinically Relevant Solitary Pulmonary Nodules Utilizing a Universal Health Care System
Authors: Kuckelman John , Dezube Aaron , Jacobson Francine , Learn Peter A , Miller Daniel , Mody Gita , Jaklitsch Michael 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are common, but the clinical relevance of these nodules is unknown. Utilizing current screening guidelines, we sought to better characterize the national incidence of clinically important SPNs within the largest universal health care system in the nation.

Materials and Methods
TRICARE data were queried to identify SPNs for ages 18–64 years. SPNs that had been diagnosed within a year with no prior oncologic history were included to ensure true incidence. A proprietary algorithm was applied to determine clinically significant nodules. Further analysis characterized incidence by age grouping, gender, region, military branch, and beneficiary status.

Results
A total of 229,552 SPNs were identified with a 60% reduction seen after application of the clinical significance algorithm (N = 88,628). The incidence increased in each decade of life (all P &lt; 0.01). Adjusted incident rate ratios were significantly higher for SPNs detected in the Midwest and Western regions. The incident rate ratio was also higher in females (1.05, confidence interval [CI] 1.018, P = 0.001) as well as non-active duty members (dependents = 1.4 and retired = 1.6, respectively, CIs 1.383-1.492 and 1.591-1.638, P &lt; 0.01). The incidence calculated per 1,000 patients overall was 3.1/1,000. Ages 44–54 years had an incidence of 5.5/1,000 patients, which is higher than the previously reported incidence of &lt; 5.0 nationally for the same age group.

Conclusions
This analysis represents the largest evaluation of SPNs to date combined with clinical relevance adjustment. These data suggest a higher incidence of clinically significant SPNs starting at an age of 44 years in nonmilitary or retired women localized to the Midwest and Western regions of the United States.
NGTS clusters survey – V. Rotation in the Orion star-forming complex
Authors: Smith Gareth D , Gillen Edward , Hodgkin Simon T , Alves Douglas R , Anderson David R , Battley Matthew P , Burleigh Matthew R , Casewell Sarah L , Gill Samuel , Goad Michael R , Henderson Beth A , Jenkins James S , Kendall Alicia , Moyano Maximiliano , Ramsay Gavin , Tilbrook Rosanna H , Vines Jose I , West Richard G , Wheatley Peter J 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a study of rotation across 30 square degrees of the Orion Star-forming Complex, following a ∼200 d photometric monitoring campaign by the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). From 5749 light curves of Orion members, we report periodic signatures for 2268 objects and analyse rotation period distributions as a function of colour for 1789 stars with spectral types F0–M5. We select candidate members of Orion using Gaia data and assign our targets to kinematic sub-groups. We correct for interstellar extinction on a star-by-star basis and determine stellar and cluster ages using magnetic and non-magnetic stellar evolutionary models. Rotation periods generally lie in the range 1–10 d, with only 1.5 per cent of classical T Tauri stars or Class I/II young stellar objects rotating with periods shorter than 1.8 d, compared with 14 per cent of weak-line T Tauri stars or Class III objects. In period–colour space, the rotation period distribution moves towards shorter periods among low-mass (&gt;M2) stars of age 3–6 Myr, compared with those at 1–3 Myr, with no periods longer than 10 d for stars later than M3.5. This could reflect a mass-dependence for the dispersal of circumstellar discs. Finally, we suggest that the turnover (from increasing to decreasing periods) in the period–colour distributions may occur at lower mass for the older-aged population: ∼K5 spectral type at 1–3 Myr shifting to ∼M1 at 3–6 Myr.
A prescription for the asteroseismic surface correction
Authors: Li Yaguang , Bedding Timothy R , Stello Dennis , Huber Daniel , Hon Marc , Joyce Meridith , Li Tanda , Perkins Jean , White Timothy R , Zinn Joel C , Howard Andrew W , Isaacson Howard , Hey Daniel R , Kjeldsen Hans 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
In asteroseismology, the surface effect refers to a disparity between the observed and the modelled frequencies in stars with solar-like oscillations. It originates from improper modelling of the surface layers. Correcting the surface effect usually requires using functions with free parameters, which are conventionally fitted to the observed frequencies. On the basis that the correction should vary smoothly across the H–R diagram, we parameterize it as a simple function of surface gravity, effective temperature, and metallicity. We determine this function by fitting a wide range of stars. The absolute amount of the surface correction decreases with luminosity, but the ratio between it and νmax increases, suggesting the surface effect is more important for red giants than dwarfs. Applying the prescription can eliminate unrealistic surface correction, which improves parameter estimations with stellar modelling. Using two open clusters, we found a reduction of scatter in the model-derived ages for each star in the same cluster. As an important application, we provide a new revision for the Δν scaling relation that, for the first time, accounts for the surface correction. The values of the correction factor, fΔν, are up to 2 per cent smaller than those determined without the surface effect considered, suggesting decreases of up to 4 per cent in radii and up to 8 per cent in masses when using the asteroseismic scaling relations. This revision brings the asteroseismic properties into an agreement with those determined from eclipsing binaries. The new correction factor and the stellar models with the corrected frequencies are available at https://www.github.com/parallelpro/surface.
Testing AGN outflow and accretion models with C iv and He ii emission line demographics in z ≈ 2 quasars
Authors: Temple Matthew J , Matthews James H , Hewett Paul C , Rankine Amy L , Richards Gordon T , Banerji Manda , Ferland Gary J , Knigge Christian , Stepney Matthew 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Using ≈190 000 spectra from the 17th data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we investigate the ultraviolet emission line properties in z ≈ 2 quasars. Specifically, we quantify how the shape of C iv λ1549 and the equivalent width (EW) of He ii λ1640 depend on the black hole mass and Eddington ratio inferred from Mg ii λ2800. Above L/LEdd ≳ 0.2, there is a strong mass dependence in both C iv blueshift and He ii EW. Large C iv blueshifts are observed only in regions with both high mass and high accretion rate. Including X-ray measurements for a subsample of 5000 objects, we interpret our observations in the context of AGN accretion and outflow mechanisms. The observed trends in He ii and 2 keV strength are broadly consistent with theoretical qsosed models of AGN spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for low spin black holes, where the ionizing SED depends on the accretion disc temperature and the strength of the soft excess. High spin models are not consistent with observations, suggesting SDSS quasars at z ≈ 2 may in general have low spins. We find a dramatic switch in behaviour at L/LEdd ≲ 0.1: the ultraviolet emission properties show much weaker trends, and no longer agree with qsosed predictions, hinting at changes in the structure of the broad line region. Overall, the observed emission line trends are generally consistent with predictions for radiation line driving where quasar outflows are governed by the SED, which itself results from the accretion flow and hence depends on both the SMBH mass and accretion rate.
Mergers of neutron stars and black holes with cores of giant stars: a population synthesis study
Authors: Grichener Aldana 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We perform population synthesis of massive binaries to study the mergers of neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs) with the cores of their giant secondaries during common envelope evolution (CEE). We use different values of the efficiency parameter αCE in the framework of the energy formalism for traditional CEE (αCE ≤ 1) and including additional energy sources to unbind the envelope (αCE &gt; 1). We constrain the possible values of αCE by comparing the results of our simulations with local rate densities of binary compact object mergers as inferred from gravitational-wave observations. We find two main evolutionary pathways of binary systems that result in NS–core mergers, while only one of them can also lead to the merger of a BH with the core of the giant star. We explore the zero-age main-sequence statistical properties of systems that result in NS/BH–core mergers and find that the two evolutionary channels correspond to a bimodal distribution of orbital separations. We estimate the percentage of the mergers’ event rates relative to core-collapse supernovae. We include the effect of mass accreted by the NS/BH during CEE in a separate set of simulations and find that it does not affect the mergers’ event rates.
Sunspot positions from observations by Flaugergues in the Dalton Minimum
Authors: Illarionov Egor , Arlt Rainer 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
French astronomer Honoré Flaugergues compiled astronomical observations in a series of handwritten notebooks for 1782–1830, which are preserved at Paris Observatory. We reviewed these manuscripts and encoded the records that contain sunspot measurements into a numerical table for further analysis. All measurements are timings, and we found three types of measurements, allowing the reconstruction of heliographic coordinates. In the first case, the Sun and sunspots cross vertical and horizontal wires; in the second case, one vertical and two mirror-symmetric oblique wires; and in the third case, a rhombus-shaped set of wires. Additionally, timings of two solar eclipses also provided a few sunspot coordinates. As a result, we present the time–latitude (butterfly) diagram of the reconstructed sunspot coordinates, which covers the period of the Dalton Minimum and confirms consistency with those of Derfflinger and Prantner. We identify four solar cycles in this diagram and discuss the observed peculiarities as well as the data reliability.
Light-driven biohybrid system utilizes N2 for photochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Zeng Jin-Yue , Wang Xiao-Shuang , Liu Xin-Hua , Li Qian-Ru , Feng Jun , Zhang Xian-Zheng 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Attempting to couple photochemical CO2 reduction with N2 fixation is usually difficult, because the reaction conditions for these two processes are typically incompatible. Here, we report that a light-driven biohybrid system can utilize abundant, atmospheric N2 to produce electron donors via biological nitrogen fixation, to achieve effective photochemical CO2 reduction. This biohybrid system is constructed by incorporating molecular cobalt-based photocatalysts into N2-fixing bacteria. It is found that N2-fixing bacteria can convert N2 into reductive organic nitrogen and create a localized anaerobic environment, which allows the incorporated photocatalysts to continuously perform photocatalytic CO2 reduction under aerobic conditions. Specifically, the light-driven biohybrid system displays a high formic acid production rate of over 1.41 × 10−14 mol h−1 cell−1 under visible light irradiation, and the organic nitrogen content undergoes an over-3-fold increase within 48 hours. This work offers a useful strategy for coupling CO2 conversion with N2 fixation under mild and environmentally benign conditions.