bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunometabolic depression: from conceptualization towards implementation
Authors: Penninx B. ,   Immunometabolic depression: from conceptualization towards implementation
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe burden on society by depression is undisputable, partly due to a chronic course pattern and depression’s large heterogeneity that contributes to non-response to standard treatments. Using data from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA, www.nesda.nl), Penninx will illustrate both points. When examining the course of depression, especially when also considering the transitions into other affective disorders over time, chronicity is clearly more the rule than the exception (Verduijn et al. BMC Med 2017). Considering depression’s heterogeneity could lead to precision psychiatry approaches that help reduce depression’s chronicity. Immuno-metabolic dysregulations seem to vary as a function of depression heterogeneity: dysregulations map more consistently to “atypical” neurovegetative symptoms reflecting altered energy intake/expenditure balance (hyperphagia, weight gain, hypersomnia, fatigue and leaden paralysis). Findings are confirmed when utilizing genome-wide gene expression as well as DNA information (Milaneschi et al. Biol Psychiatry 2020). Preliminary treatment studies suggest that the presence of immuno-metabolic dysregulations in depression moderates antidepressant effects of standard or novel (immunomodulatory) interventions. An immuno-metabolic depression dimension could dissect depression’s heterogeneity and potentially match depressed subgroups to treatments with higher likelihood of clinical success.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Intergenerational concordance of brain structure between depressed mothers and their never-depressed daughters
Authors: Minami F. , Hirano J. , Ueda R. , Takamiya A. , Yamagishi M. , Kamiya K. , Mimura M. , Yamagata B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionParents have significant genetic and environmental influences, which are known as intergenerational effects, on the cognition, behavior, and brain of their offspring. These intergenerational effects are observed in patients with mood disorders, with a particularly strong association of depression between mothers and daughters.ObjectivesThe main purpose of our study was to investigate female-specific intergenerational transmission patterns in the human brain among patients with depression and their never-depressed offspring.MethodsWe recruited 78 participants from 34 families, which included remitted parents with a history of depression and their never-depressed biological offspring. We used source-based and surface-based morphometry analyses of magnetic resonance imaging data to examine the degree of associations in brain structure between four types of parent-offspring dyads (i.e. mother-daughter, mother-son, father-daughter, and father-son).ResultsUsing independent component analysis, we found a significant positive correlation of gray matter structure between exclusively the mother-daughter dyads within brain regions located in the default mode and central executive networks, such as the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, middle frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, superior parietal lobule, and left angular gyrus. These similar observations were not identified in other three parent-offspring dyads.ConclusionsThe current study provides biological evidence for greater vulnerability of daughters, but not sons, in developing depression whose mothers have a history of depression. Our findings extend our knowledge on the pathophysiology of major psychiatric conditions that show sex biases and may contribute to the development of novel interventions targeting high-risk individuals.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder and Death by Suicide
Authors: Overholser J. , Gomez S. , McGovern C. , Silva C. , Stockmeier C. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe risk of suicide may be elevated in the presence of personality pathology. Adults with Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) may be vulnerable to depression and suicidal thoughts.ObjectivesTo identify factors associated with suicide in cases of OCPD.MethodsPsychological autopsy procedures were used to gather detailed information about adults who died by suicide and natural causes. A total of 75 deceased adults were evaluated using psychological autopsy procedures. Family members were interviewed about a recently deceased adult, using structured diagnostic interviews (SCID and SIDP-IV). Diagnostic summaries, coroner’s reports and police records were reviewed by a psychiatrist, a psychologist, a social worker, and a neuroscientist until agreement was reached about final diagnosis. The final sample included 40 adults who met criteria for OCPD (18 had died by suicide; 20 had died by natural causes). An additional 40 cases were examined in which evidence of PD was absent (19 had died by suicide; 18 had died by natural causes).ResultsThe diagnosis of a Major Depressive Disorder was significantly more common in suicide completers with OCPD compared to suicide completers without OCPD (X2 = 6.74, p < .01) or cases of natural death with OCPD (X2 = 12.70, p < .001). Suicide completers with OCPD displayed many symptoms of depression, more often than suicide completers without OCPD or cases of natural death with OCPD (see Table 1). As compared to the cases of natural death, both groups of suicide completers were more likely to have previously attempted suicide prior to their final act (X2 = 8.52, p < .05).
Table 1.Comparison of four groups using psychological autopsy procedures to identify the presence of diagnostic criteria for a Major Depressive Episode at the time of death.OCPD SuicideOCPD Natural DeathNo PD SuicideNo PD Natural DeathX2Sad mood82.4%36.8%78.9%50.0%11.38 **Sleep disturbance82.4%38.9%73.7%46.7%9.53 *Feelings of worthlessness60.0%38.9%84.2%17.6%17.49 ***Reduced concentration58.8%27.8%57.9%14.3%9.89 *Recurrent suicidal ideation88.2%26.3%78.9%0.0%35.57 ***Loss of pleasure82.4%38.9%73.7%40.0%10.80 **Psychomotor changes50.0%33.3%61.1%26.7%5.04Reduced energy64.7%44.4%63.2%33.3%4.12Change of appetite70.6%26.3%42.1%31.3%8.37 *Note:*= p < .05;**= p < .01;***= p < .001ConclusionsAdults with OCPD appear vulnerable to a Major Depressive episode, and the combination of MDD with OCPD creates a significant risk for death by suicide. It is important to appreciate the influence of personality disorder or depression and suicide risk.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Five-factor personality dimensions and their associations with early maladaptive schemas
in individuals with major depressive disorder
Authors: Koutra K. , Mavroeides G. , Basta M. , Vgontzas A. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the third leading cause of disease burden,
accounting for 4.3% of the global burden of disease. Personality traits, as described in the
Five-Factor Model, are consistently associated with individual’s well-being and mental
health. Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are self-perpetuating dysfunctional cognitive
structures that have been linked with psychological health and play a significant role in
developing and maintaining psychological distress. Both personality traits and EMS have been
extensively studied as contributors to MDD symptoms.

Objectives
To our knowledge, very few studies have attempted to link personality to EMS in
clinical samples. The present study aimed to investigate the association between EMS with
personality traits of Five-Factor Model in a clinical sample of patients with MDD in Crete,
Greece.

Methods
Two hundred and two patients with a clinical diagnosis of MDD (81.7% females, aged
47.75±14.06 years) participated in the study. The Traits Personality Questionnaire was used
to measure personality traits in terms of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness,
and conscientiousness dimensions. The Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 (YSQ-SF 3) was
used to evaluate 18 EMS which are grouped in five domains: disconnection and rejection,
impaired autonomy and performance, impaired limits, other-directedness, and overvigilance and
inhibition.

Results
Significant associations between EMS and personality traits were found. Specifically,
a higher level of all EMS domains was found in patients with MDD scoring higher in
neuroticism and lower in extraversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness (apart from the
association of agreeableness with other-directedness which was non-significant). Openness was
negatively related to other-directedness.

Conclusions
Although causal inferences cannot be made due to the cross-sectional design of the
present study, our findings are in accordance with Schema Therapy that affirms a relationship
between innate temperament and EMS. Future research should examine whether psychological
interventions focusing at healing EMS will contribute to alteration of personality
traits.

Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
A case of outpatient treatment in a 58-year-old woman with hoarding disorder and hallucinations.
Authors: Gonzalez-Mota A. , Gonzalez-Gil A. , Basanta-Patiño M. T. , Colomer-Sagaste M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn hoarding disorder the patient has a strong tendency to collect and accumulate objects with or without value and great difficulty in destroying them.In this case, a 58-year-old woman diagnosed with a hoarding disorder 5 years ago, came to a psychiatry clinic due to frequent auditory hallucinations related to episodes of acute stress. She received treatment in an outpatient mental health unit which consisted of psychopharmaceuticals and cognitive behavioural therapy. The patient achieved a partial remission of the hallucinations and a clinical improvement of the accumulation symptoms.ObjectivesThe main objective of this study is to describe the psychiatric and psychological treatment of this patient. We also performed a review of the available literature on comorbidity of the symptoms of Diogenes syndrome and psychotic symptoms.MethodsA close follow-up of the psychopathology of this patient was carried out and we did a database search in PubMed to document the case, with the keywords: “hoarding disorder”, “psychotic disorder”, “comorbidity”, “hallucination”, with the inclusion criteria: In the last ten years, Spanish and English language.ResultsThe patient, who was being treated with sertraline 100 mg, started treatment with olanzapine 10 mg and with a psychotherapeutic plan with different objectives: stabilization of symptoms, reduction of hoarding behaviours, letting go of objects, as well as coping with stressful situations. Cognitive behavioural techniques such as psychoeducation, exposure with response prevention and cognitive therapy were included in the psychological treatment.
After one year of treatment the hallucinatory symptoms have remitted and the patient’s daily functioning has improved. The most resistant symptoms are those of accumulation that are slowly decreasing but the patient has stopped collecting objects from the street.ConclusionsMore studies of the treatment of hoarding disorder and more investigation of its possible comorbidities are needed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders in internally displaced persons with dementia during wartime in Ukraine
Authors: Dzis M. , Rakhman L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDuring the second wave of Russia-Ukraine war, around 8 million were internally displaced. Negative mental health impact of the war cannot be underestimate. Among internally displaced persons (IDPs), particularly vulnerable category is people with neurocognitive deficits. Stress associated with displacement may cause a change not only in cognitive functions, but also affect the onset or evaluation of behavioral and psychological symptoms.Objectivesto study the prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders in hospitalized patients with dementia, who were internally displaced and to compare with general population frequency.Methods64 IDPs with dementia (moderate and severe neurocognitive deficits) who were examined during March-September 2022. Cases of newly arrived persons were taken into account, after 1 to 30 days had passed since their relocation. The diagnosis was verified based on the ICD-10 criteria (F00-F01). The degree of neurocognitive deficit was determined using the MMSE and MoCA tests. Affective pathology was studied using the HAM-D, HAM-A, PHQ-9, AES scales. Psychotic symptoms and behavioral disorders were studied based on clinical examination and medical records. The study was conducted in Lviv Regional Psychiatric Hospital.Resultsamong the examined patients, 60 (94% of all examined) had neuropsychiatric disorders. Among this sample, neuropsychiatric symptoms (an isolated symptom or a combination of two or more symptoms) occurred with the following frequency: apathy 16 (26.7%), anxiety49 (81.7%), depressive symptoms 32 (53.3%), agitation and aggression 41 (68.3%), hallucinatory symptoms 8 (13.3%), delusional disorders 34 (56.7%), wandering and disorientation 18 (30%), refusal of food and medicine 12 (20%)Image:ConclusionsIn this study the frequency of occurrence of certain neuropsychiatric syndromes among IDPs with dementia differed from the studied average frequency of occurrence of the same symptomatology among the general population. In particular, anxiety symptoms among IDPs with dementia occurred 42% more often than on average among patients with dementia in the general population (with a frequency of 81% vs 39%), agitation and aggression - 28% more often (68% vs 40%), and delusions - 16% more often (57% vs 31%). At the same time, symptoms such as apathy (by 19%) and refusal to eat (by 14%) were observed less often among IDPs with dementia than among dementia patients from the general populationDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Transcranial magnetic stimulation in late-aged people with depressive disorders
Authors: Liubov P. , Egorova D. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOne of the most common mental disorders in the elderly is depression.Because of the high frequency of side effects of pharmacotherapy and the comorbid medical illnesses, there are not many ways to treat it.Non-drug therapies, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), could help overcome the limitations of standard drug therapy for this type of mental disorders.ObjectivesDevelopment of approaches to improving improve the provision of psychiatric care to elderly patients using rTMS.Methods30 patients over the age of 60 with anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders meeting criteria F30-39, F06.3, F06.4 (ICD-10) and a control group with similar criteria that were not treated with rTMS, were recruited from the psychiatric department at a university hospital (Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Psychiatry). Clinical, psychopathological, anamnestic, psychometric (Montgomery-Asberg scale (MADRS), Hamilton scale (HARS), Mini-mental state examination scale (MMSE) instrumental (electroencephalography) research methods were used. Patients of the experimental group underwent 15 sessions of low-frequency rTMS on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (RDLPC). Conditions for the application of 1200 pulses were as follows: frequency - 1 Hz; intensity - 120% of the threshold of motor response (RMT) of the subject; pulse number - 1200; pulse sequence - 300; sequence duration - 300 seconds; sequence interval - 60 seconds; and stimulation time - 23 minutes. Subsequently, the patients were re-examined using the above-mentioned scales to assess their mental state in dynamics.ResultsAnalysis of the collected data shows an increase in the number of respondents and the frequency of achieving remission in the experimental group compared to the control group. No severe side effects of rTMS were observed.ConclusionsrTMS may be a safe method of adjuvant therapy in groups of elderly patients with anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders. Further studies will be needed to clarify the results.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Low dose Amantadine and Escitalopram combination in Atypical Parkinsonian disorders- A Retrospective chart review
Authors: Tripathi S. M. , Chutia P. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe response to conventional antiparkinsonian medications is elusive in atypical parkinsonian disorders. Improvement in parkinsonian symptoms in atypical parkinsonian disorders has been reported with anecdotal use of Amantadine. The role of serotonergic control over the nigrostriatal pathway led to the use of Escitalopram.ObjectivesTo examine the efficacy of low dose Amantadine and Escitalopram combination treatment in atypical parkinsonian disorderMethodsA retrospective chart review of Atypical Parkinsonian disorder patients who received the combination of low dose Amantadine and Escitalopram and had follow up assessment available for a minimum of four months were studied. The primary outcome measure was change in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy rating scale, Unified Multiple System Atrophy rating scale score and Clinical Global Improvement Scale Change score in follow up visits.ResultsA total of 8 patients with a mean age of 68.5 years, 6 with a diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy(PSP) and 2 with a diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy(MSA) met the selection criteria for the study. Patients were treated with the dose of Amantadine 50mg twice daily and Escitalopram 5mg once daily. The symptom domain to respond first was autonomic symptoms followed by gait, mentation, limb and bulbar symptoms. Amantadine has unique dopaminergic and NMDA antagonist properties. Serotonin has a role in modulation of the autonomic functions and nigrostriatal circuitry. Thus, combining Escitalopram with Amantadine can help ameliorate the array of symptoms in atypical parkinsonian disorders.ConclusionsThe PSP and MSA patients responded to the combination of low dose Amantadine and Escitalopram as evidenced by objective rating scales and subjective clinician assessment. Further prospective trials for longer duration are needed to establish the effect size and stability of response.KEYWORDS: steele richardson olszewski disease, shy dragger syndrome, antidepressantsDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Workplace age discrimination and engagement: The role of emotional regulation
Authors: Miguel I. , Silva S. , von Humboldt S. , Tavares P. , Low G. , Leal I. , Valentim J. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionGaining competitive advantage is essential to modern organizations, for which it is fundamental that workers are engaged with their work. Perceived age discrimination in the workplace is a factor that may influence workers’ engagement.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to analyze the moderating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between perceived age discrimination and work engagement.MethodsThis empirical study included a sample of 452 Portuguese workers of various age groups, between 18 and 65 years-old and used the questionnaire as data collection method.ResultsResults show that perceived workplace age discrimination negatively impacts work engagement. Further, results suggest that emotional regulation exacerbates the negative relationship between perceived age discrimination and work engagement.ConclusionsAge management strategies to address perceived age discrimination and work engagement, particularly due to the increasing proportion of older workers, are discussed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Assessment of serum high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) levels and its change with treatment in patients with manic episode of bipolar disorder
Authors: Kara A. , Balaban Ö. D. , Karamustafalıoğlu N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere has been an increasing evidence in recent years that inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). In addition to central inflammation, systemic immune response is thought to be associated with disease stages and course. HMGB1 protein is a member of damage-associated molecular pattern which plays a role in the regulation of cytokine release and is important for innate immunity. It has been revealed that HMGB1 levels change in many autoimmun and inflammatory diseasesObjectivesOur study was designed to compare serum HMGB1 levels of inpatients with mania and healthy controls as well as analyzing its relationship with other inflammatory markers and disease severity. Another aim of our study is to determine the changes in serum HMGB1 levels before and after treatment in manic patients.MethodsOur study included 35 patients who were hospitalized in our hospital between November 2020 and April 2021, diagnosed with bipolar disorder, manic episode according to DSM-5 criteria, and 35 healthy controls who matched to the patient group in terms of age and gender. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics data forms of the participants were filled in, and the patients were evaluated with the Young-Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). Serum HMGB1, CRP levels and complete blood count values were measured in healthy controls and patients before and after the treatment.ResultsThe main finding of our study is that HMGB1 levels did not show a statistically significant difference in the patient and healthy control groups (p>0.05). In addition, there was no significant change in serum HMGB1 levels of the patients after treatment compared to the level before treatment (p>0.05). Our study has also revealed that manic patients had a higher level of CRP than the ones in control group at a statistically significant level. The platelet/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte rates of the patients increased after the treatment compared to the pre-treatment period (respectively p=0,026, p=0,003).ConclusionsThe higher CRP levels in manic patients support the hypothesis of low-grade chronic inflammation, which is thought to be involved in the etiology of BD. The most important finding of this study is that there is no statistically significant difference of serum HMGB1 levels between the two groups. This can be explained by the fact that HMBG1 is one of the late mediators of inflammation and does not rise immediately during the acute period. However, since the inflammation process includes complex mechanisms involving many systems, it makes it difficult to comment on this issue.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared