bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between human papillomavirus infection or immunization and risk for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yang Guangxia , Ren Zeqin , Wang Kai 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus primarily transmitted through sexual contact. Little is known about the association between HPV infection or immunization and the risk for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether HPV infection or immunization is related to the risk for RA in adults.MethodsData were obtained from the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We developed three independent multivariate logistic regression models to evaluate the association between HPV infection or immunization and the risk for RA in adults.ResultsFinally, we analyzed 15,677 and 8,944 subjects, respectively. In all models, HPV infection was positively associated with an increased prevalence of RA in adults aged 18-59 years, with the highest value of the odds ratio (OR) in model 2 (after weighting: OR 1.095, 95% CI 1.092, 1.097), whereas HPV immunization significantly reduced the prevalence of RA in adults aged 18-59 years, with the lowest OR in model C (after weighting: OR 0.477, 95% CI 0.472, 0.481). These associations persisted after correction for confounders such as age, sex, race, education level, marital status, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and BMI.ConclusionIn summary, our study suggests that HPV infection is positively associated with the prevalence of RA in adults, and HPV immunization can reduce the prevalence of RA in adults. However, our findings need more powerful to prove these associations through rigorously designed prospective studies.
Asinine milk mitigates stress-mediated immune, cortisol and behavioral responses of piglets to weaning: A study to foster future interventions in humans
Authors: Farias Sharacely de Souza , Dierings Ana Carolina , Mufalo Vinicius Cardoso , Sabei Leandro , Parada Sarmiento Marisol , Silva Arthur Nery da , Ferraz Priscila Assis , Pugliesi Guilherme , Ribeiro Claudio Vaz Di Mambro , Oliveira Chiara Albano de Araujo , Zanella Adroaldo José 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe present study assessed whether asinine milk supplementation improved the immune and behavioral responses of piglets during an early life weaning stress event as a model for its future use in humans.MethodsFor this, 48 piglets from 4 different litters were used. At 20 days of age, piglets were weighed and allocated with their litter and dam into group pens until 28 days of age. Four piglets from each litter were then randomly assigned to either (1) asinine milk supplementation (n = 16) (2), skimmed cow milk supplementation (n = 16) or (3) no supplementation (n = 16; control group). The supplementations were voluntarily administered for 3 days preweaning and 3 days postweaning using a baby bottle. The effects on the weaning stress response were assessed through salivary cortisol measurements; behavioral tests such as the open field, novel object end elevated plus maze tests; and gene expression of HSD11B1, NR3C1 and IL1B in PBMCs, which was determined by RT−qPCR and normalized to GAPDH and UBB. To test the effect of the supplementations on weight, milk intake, gene expression, and behavior, a randomized block design was used with repeated measurements over time by the PROC MIXED procedure.Results and discussionThe effects on salivary cortisol were determined using the ratio between the morning and afternoon concentrations, considering the time before and after the weaning event. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Fisher’s test were performed to evaluate the behavior test data. When comparing salivary cortisol concentrations between the pre- and postweaning periods, there was a difference (p &lt; 0.05) between the supplementation groups in the afternoon period, suggesting that piglets fed asinine milk had lower afternoon cortisol concentrations postweaning than their counterparts. For the behavioral tests, the supplementations had no measurable effects. No difference was between groups pre- and postweaning for the expression of HSD11B2, which codes for an enzyme that breaks down cortisol. However, the expression of NR3C1, which encodes the glucocorticoid receptor, was significantly upregulated in piglets supplemented with cow milk (mean 1.245; p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAsinine milk downregulated 1L1B gene expression, which codes for an inflammatory cytokine. In conclusion, these results suggest that supplementation with asinine milk may represent a strategy to diminish the damage associated with an early life event by modulating IL1B expression and reducing salivary cortisol levels in piglets undergoing weaning stress. Further transcriptomic and metabolomic studies may improve our understanding of the molecular pathways that mediate this systemic immune-mediated response.
The efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 in treatment of glioma: a single-arm meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Yi-Fan , Wei Xin-Yu , Guo Qi-Hao , Chen Si-Yu , Deng Sheng , Liu Zheng-Zheng , Gong Zhi-Cheng , Zeng Wen-Jing 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with glioma.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library were searched from inception to January 2023 without language restriction. Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs). The risk of bias was assessed by subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias, including funnel plot, Egger’s test, and Begg’s test.ResultsA total of 20 studies involving 2,321 patients were included in this meta-analysis. In the analysis of the included phase III clinical trials, the forest plot showed that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors did not improve the OS (HR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.03-1.29, P=0.02, I2 = 14%) and PFS (HR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.03-1.99, P=0.03, I2 = 87%). In the single-arm analysis, the forest plot demonstrated that the 6-month OS was 71% (95% CI: 57%-83%, I2 = 92%), 1-year OS was 43% (95% CI: 33%-54%, I2 = 93%), and the 2-year OS was 27% (95% CI: 13%-44%, I2 = 97%). The pooled estimate of the median OS was 8.85 months (95% CI: 7.33-10.36, I2 = 91%). Furthermore, the result indicated that the 6-month PFS was 28% (95% CI: 18%-40%, I2 = 95%), 1-year PFS was 15% (95% CI: 8%-23%, I2 = 92%), and the 18-month PFS was 10% (95% CI: 3%-20%, I2 = 93%). The pooled estimate of the median PFS was 3.72 months (95% CI: 2.44-5.00, I2 = 99%). For ORR, the pooled estimate of ORR was 10% (95% CI: 2%-20%, I2 = 88%). We further analyzed the incidence of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-related AEs, and the pooled incidence of AEs was 70% (95% CI: 58%-81%, I2 = 94%). The incidence of AEs ≥ grade 3 was 19% (95% CI: 11%-30%, I2 = 94%). The funnel plot for the median PFS and median OS was symmetric with no significant differences in Egger’s test and Begg’s test. The sensitivity analysis revealed that our results were stable and reliable.ConclusionThe results of this meta-analysis suggest that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is relatively safe but could not prolong survival in glioma. More randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our results.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023396057.
From the shallow to the mesophotic: a characterization of Symbiodiniaceae diversity in the Red Sea NEOM region
Authors: Terraneo Tullia I. , Ouhssain Mustapha , Castano Carolina Bocanegra , Aranda Manuel , Hume Benjamin C. C. , Marchese Fabio , Vimercati Silvia , Chimienti Giovanni , Eweida Ameer A. , Voolstra Christian R. , Jones Burton H. , Purkis Sam J. , Rodrigue Mattie , Benzoni Francesca 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe northern Red Sea has been coined a refuge for reef corals due to the exceptional thermal tolerance of these organisms. With ocean warming threatening coral reefs worldwide, a panoptic characterization of corals living in extreme conditions may provide insights into future responses of corals to environmental change. Among other factors, the genotype of the endosymbiotic algae in the family Symbiodiniaceae has been shown to have major implications on the distribution and resilience of their coral hosts. In this study, we aim at genotyping the Symbiodiniaceae communities associated with three depth generalist and one depth specialist coral species, characterized by the ability to withstand environmental conditions that are apparently limiting for other corals and occurring in a unique geographical region.MethodsWe sampled 50 corals from the northern Saudi Arabian Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba, covering a 97 m bathymetric gradient. We used high-throughput ITS2 gene sequencing and recovered different patterns of host–algal associations.Results and discussionThe majority of the recovered algal genotypes appeared host- and environment-specific, while others were more widely distributed. At large, coral specimens were overwhelmingly associated with symbionts from the genus Cladocopium and specifically with many previously undescribed genotypes. This suggests the selection of specific genotypes, which might confer resistance and/or resilience to their host counterparts. Interestingly, we found a limited association with Durusdinium spp. and other known tolerant taxa in mesophotic corals in the northern Red Sea, but not in the Gulf of Aqaba. The broad absence of Durusdinium spp., typically ascribed to be stress tolerant, warrants further investigation into Symbiodiniaceae species that convey environmental resilience. Our data will serve as a baseline to explore the occurrence of specific symbionts that might be contributing to coral acclimation and adaptation and to assay how biodiversity might be impacted if subjected to increasing stressors.
Predicting near-term glaucoma progression: An artificial intelligence approach using clinical free-text notes and data from electronic health records
Authors: Jalamangala Shivananjaiah Sunil K. , Kumari Sneha , Majid Iyad , Wang Sophia Y. 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a model to predict whether or not glaucoma will progress to the point of requiring surgery within the following year, using data from electronic health records (EHRs), including both structured data and free-text progress notes.MethodsA cohort of adult glaucoma patients was identified from the EHR at Stanford University between 2008 and 2020, with data including free-text clinical notes, demographics, diagnosis codes, prior surgeries, and clinical information, including intraocular pressure, visual acuity, and central corneal thickness. Words from patients’ notes were mapped to ophthalmology domain-specific neural word embeddings. Word embeddings and structured clinical data were combined as inputs to deep learning models to predict whether a patient would undergo glaucoma surgery in the following 12 months using the previous 4-12 months of clinical data. We also evaluated models using only structured data inputs (regression-, tree-, and deep-learning-based models) and models using only text inputs.ResultsOf the 3,469 glaucoma patients included in our cohort, 26% underwent surgery. The baseline penalized logistic regression model achieved an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.873 and F1 score of 0.750, compared with the best tree-based model (random forest, AUC 0.876; F1 0.746), the deep learning structured features model (AUC 0.885; F1 0.757), the deep learning clinical free-text features model (AUC 0.767; F1 0.536), and the deep learning model with both the structured clinical features and free-text features (AUC 0.899; F1 0.745).DiscussionFusion models combining text and EHR structured data successfully and accurately predicted glaucoma progression to surgery. Future research incorporating imaging data could further optimize this predictive approach and be translated into clinical decision support tools.
The Herb Pair Radix Rehmanniae and Cornus Officinalis Attenuated Testicular Damage in Mice With Diabetes Mellitus Through Butyric Acid/Glucagon-Like Peptide-1/Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Pathway Mediated by Gut Microbiota
Authors: Chen Yuping , Song Siyuan , Shu Anmei , Liu Liping , Jiang Jinjin , Jiang Ming , Wu Qin , Xu Huiqin , Sun Jihu 
Published: April 2023

Graphical AbstractA diagram illustrating the alleviating effect of the herb pair RR-CO on testicular damage in diabetes mellitus by modulating the butyrate/GLP-1/GLP-1R pathway mediated by gut microbiota.
Elder and booster vaccination associates with decreased risk of serious clinical outcomes in comparison of Omicron and Delta variant: A meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Wu Yanhua , Pan Yuchen , Su Kaisheng , Zhang Yangyu , Jia Zhifang , Yi Jiaxin , Lv Haiyong , Zhang Lihuan , Xue Mingyang , Cao Donghui , Jiang Jing 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic brings great pressure to the public health systems. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical outcomes among different virus variants, to clarify their impact on medical resources and to provide evidence for the formulation of epidemic prevention policies.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases using the key words “Omicron” and “Delta.” The adjusted Risk ratios (RRs), Odds ratios (ORs) and Hazard ratios (HRs) were extracted, and RRs and Rate difference % (RD%) were used to interpret the risk estimates of the outcomes ultimately.ResultsForty-three studies were included, with 3,812,681 and 14,926,841 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variant, respectively. The relative risks of hospitalization, death, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation use after infection with the Omicron variant were all significantly reduced compared those after infection with the Delta variant (RRhospitalization = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.40–0.52; RRdeath = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.30–0.45; RRICU = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.29–0.42; RRmechanical ventilation = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.25–0.44). The change of both absolute and relative risks for hospitalization was more evident (RR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.42–0.53；RD% =10.61, 95%CI: 8.64–12.59) and a significant increase was observed for the absolute differences in death in the elderly (RD% = 5.60, 95CI%: 4.65–6.55); the change of the absolute differences in the risk of hospitalization and death were most markedly observed in the patients with booster vaccination (RD%hospitalization = 8.60, 95CI%: 5.95–11.24; RD%death = 3.70, 95CI%: 0.34–7.06).ConclusionThe ability of the Omicron variant to cause severe clinical events has decreased significantly, as compared with the Delta variant, but vulnerable populations still need to be vigilant. There was no interaction between the vaccination doses and different variants.
Fecal microbiome transplant from patients with lactation mastitis promotes mastitis in conventional lactating mice
Authors: Kong Chao-Yue , Yang Yi-Qin , Han Bing , Chen Hui-Ling , Mao Yu-Qin , Huang Jia-Ting , Wang Li-Shun , Li Zhan-Ming 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionLactation mastitis seriously severely affects the health of lactating females and their infants, yet the underlying causes of clinical lactation mastitis remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we used microbiota-humanized mice as a model to investigate the role of gut microbiota in lactation mastitis. We compared the fecal microbiota of lactation mastitis patients and healthy individuals and conducted fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments in an antibiotic-pretreated mouse model to test whether gut microbes contribute to human lactation mastitis.ResultsOur results showed that gut microbiota diversity was reduced and dysbiosis was present in lactating mastitis patients. FMT from lactation mastitis patients (M-FMT), but not from healthy individuals (H-FMT), to antibiotic-treated mice resulted in lactation mastitis. The inflammation in mice caused by gut microbiota from lactating mastitis patients appears to be pervasive, as hepatocytes from mice that received feces from lactating mastitis patients showed marked swelling. In addition, serum pro-inflammatory factors, including IL-4, IL-17, MPO, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, were significantly increased in the M-FMT group. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B), a biomarker of gut dysbiosis, was significantly increased in the M-FMT group. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria were significantly increased, and Verrucomicrobia were significantly decreased in the M-FMT group. At the genus level, Ruminococcus and Faecalibacterium were significantly reduced, while Parabacteroides were significantly increased in the feces of both patients with lactation mastitis and M-FMT mice. Moreover, our study revealed an “amplification effect” on microbiota differences and mastitis disease following human-to-mouse FMT.ConclusionCollectively, our findings demonstrate that the gut microbiota in lactating mastitis patients is dysbiotic and contributes to the pathogenesis of mastitis.
Bridging preclinical and clinical gut microbiota research using the ex vivo SIFR® technology
Authors: Van den Abbeele Pieter , Deyaert Stef , Thabuis Clémentine , Perreau Caroline , Bajic Danica , Wintergerst Eva , Joossens Marie , Firrman Jenni , Walsh Dana , Baudot Aurélien 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionWhile modulation of the human adult gut microbiota is a trending strategy to improve health, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.MethodsThis study aimed to assess the predictive value of the ex vivo, reactor-based, high-throughput SIFR® (Systemic Intestinal Fermentation Research) technology for clinical findings using three structurally different prebiotics [inulin (IN), resistant dextrin (RD) and 2′-fucosyllactose (2′FL)].ResultsThe key finding was that data obtained within 1–2 days were predictive for clinical findings upon repeated prebiotic intake over weeks: among hundreds of microbes, IN stimulated Bifidobacteriaceae, RD boosted Parabacteroides distasonis, while 2′FL specifically increased Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Anaerobutyricum hallii. In line with metabolic capabilities of these taxa, specific SCFA (short-chain fatty acids) were produced thus providing insights that cannot be obtained in vivo where such metabolites are rapidly absorbed. Further, in contrast to using single or pooled fecal microbiota (approaches used to circumvent low throughput of conventional models), working with 6 individual fecal microbiota enabled correlations that support mechanistic insights. Moreover, quantitative sequencing removed the noise caused by markedly increased cell densities upon prebiotic treatment, thus allowing to even rectify conclusions of previous clinical trials related to the tentative selectivity by which prebiotics modulate the gut microbiota. Counterintuitively, not the high but rather the low selectivity of IN caused only a limited number of taxa to be significantly affected. Finally, while a mucosal microbiota (enriched with Lachnospiraceae) can be integrated, other technical aspects of the SIFR® technology are a high technical reproducibility, and most importantly, a sustained similarity between the ex vivo and original in vivo microbiota.DiscussionBy accurately predicting in vivo results within days, the SIFR® technology can help bridge the so-called “Valley of Death” between preclinical and clinical research. Facilitating development of test products with better understanding of their mode of action could dramatically increase success rate of microbiome modulating clinical trials.Graphical Abstract
Fungal succession in decomposing ash leaves colonized by the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus or its harmless relative Hymenoscyphus albidus
Authors: Kosawang Chatchai , Børja Isabella , Herrero Maria-Luz , Nagy Nina E. , Nielsen Lene R. , Solheim Halvor , Timmermann Volkmar , Hietala Ari M. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, originating from Asia, is currently threatening common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in Europe, massive ascospore production from the saprotrophic phase being a key determinant of its invasiveness.MethodsTo consider whether fungal diversity and succession in decomposing leaf litter are affected by this invader, we used ITS-1 metabarcoding to profile changes in fungal community composition during overwintering. The subjected ash leaf petioles, collected from a diseased forest and a healthy ash stand hosting the harmless ash endophyte Hymenoscyphus albidus, were incubated in the forest floor of the diseased stand between October 2017 and June 2018 and harvested at 2–3-month intervals.ResultsTotal fungal DNA level showed a 3-fold increase during overwintering as estimated by FungiQuant qPCR. Petioles from the healthy site showed pronounced changes during overwintering; ascomycetes of the class Dothideomycetes were predominant after leaf shed, but the basidiomycete genus Mycena (class Agaricomycetes) became predominant by April, whereas H. albidus showed low prevalence. Petioles from the diseased site showed little change during overwintering; H. fraxineus was predominant, while Mycena spp. showed increased read proportion by June.DiscussionThe low species richness and evenness in petioles from the diseased site in comparison to petioles from the healthy site were obviously related to tremendous infection pressure of H. fraxineus in diseased forests. Changes in leaf litter quality, owing to accumulation of host defense phenolics in the pathogen challenged leaves, and strong saprophytic competence of H. fraxineus are other factors that probably influence fungal succession. For additional comparison, we examined fungal community structure in petioles collected in the healthy stand in August 2013 and showing H. albidus ascomata. This species was similarly predominant in these petioles as H. fraxineus was in petioles from the diseased site, suggesting that both fungi have similar suppressive effects on fungal richness in petiole/rachis segments they have secured for completion of their life cycle. However, the ability of H. fraxineus to secure the entire leaf nerve system in diseased forests, in opposite to H. albidus, impacts the general diversity and successional trajectory of fungi in decomposing ash petioles.