bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perceptions of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders towards prognosis: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Mullen Nicholas , Ashby Samantha , Haskins Robin , Osmotherly Peter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuestion(s)How do individuals living with musculoskeletal disorders perceive the concept of prognosis?DesignExploratory phenomenological study.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 18 years or older currently experiencing a musculoskeletal disorder.Data analysisSingle semi‐structured one‐on‐one interviews were conducted. Data was analysed using inductive coding and thematic analysis.ResultsFive themes were identified. First, participants defined prognosis as the likely outcome associated with their diagnosis. Their prognosis was often associated with outcomes related to pain, tissue health, and function. Second, participants perceived pain as having a negative impact on their prognosis by limiting their function and having a psychological impact. Third, participants held biomedical views in that tissue health was perceived as a cause for their pain and that tissue healing was essential for pain cessation. It was also difficult for participants to distinguish between pain related to tissue damage, and pain that was not. Fourth, participants use their ability to complete leisure and functional activities to determine the success of their recovery. Finally, participants perceived receiving individual prognoses for pain, tissue health, and function that may be simultaneously occurring as both important and beneficial.ConclusionOverall, participants viewed receiving prognostic information as important and beneficial. When constructing their views on prognosis participants perceived that pain, tissue health, and functional ability could all impact upon prognosis, whilst having a prognosis of their own. Physiotherapists should consider conceptualising and discussing prognosis in terms of pain, tissue health, and function when managing musculoskeletal disorders.
OnabotulinumtoxinA discontinuation in patients with prior nerve stimulation
Authors: Woodburn Katherine , Hoang Elizabeth , Quan Karen , Pennycuff Jon , Richter Lee A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of patients who discontinue onabotulinumtoxinA treatment for overactive bladder (OAB) and to determine the impact of prior sacroneuromodulation or peripheral nerve stimulation on the discontinuation rates of onabotulinumtoxinA.Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of women with at least two onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX‐A) treatments for OAB with a Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive surgeon at a referral center between January 2014 and July 2019. Patients were excluded if they underwent BTX‐A treatment in the operating room or utilized clean intermittent catheterization at baseline. Women who continued injections throughout the study period were compared to those who did not. Discontinuation was defined as stopping BTX‐A during the study period. Treatment failure was defined as a documented failure in the chart and/or moving to other OAB treatments. Loss to follow‐up was defined as no follow‐up greater than 12 months after the last injection. Discontinuation‐free and failure‐free survival were estimated by Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsA total of 214 women met the inclusion criteria with a mean age of 62.9 ± 14 years. Fifty percent were Black. Eighty‐six (40.2%) discontinued onabotulinumtoxinA treatment during the study period. There were no demographic differences between patients who discontinued BTX‐A and those who continued with the following exceptions: patients who discontinued had higher rates of prior pelvic reconstructive surgery (19.8% vs. 10.2%, p = 0.04) and were more likely to have the concurrent diagnosis of painful bladder syndrome (9.3% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.03). Patients diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) after ≥50% of treatments were more likely to discontinue (27.9% vs. 14.1%, p = 0.01). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, patients with recurrent UTIs after treatment were significantly more likely to discontinue than those who do not (odds ratio: 2.61, [1.17, 5.82]). Of the cohort, 54 (25%) patients had previously undergone nerve stimulation. A total of 27.8% of patients with prior nerve stimulation discontinued BTX‐A compared to 44.4% of those without prior third line treatment (p = 0.03). Patients with prior nerve stimulation had a higher discontinuation‐free survival rate (p = 0.013) but there was no difference in failure‐free survival.ConclusionsPatients who have recurrent UTIs after onabotulinumtoxinA injections are 2.6 times more likely to discontinue treatment than those who do not have infections. Patients with prior exposure to nerve stimulation have a significantly lower onabotulinumtoxinA discontinuation rate, but there is no difference in failure rates.
The effect of discharge training developed based on nursing interventions classification (NIC) on surgical recovery in oncology patients: Randomized controlled trial ‐ A pilot study1
Authors: Arslan Ezgi , Gezer Nurdan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the effect of discharge training on surgical recovery in oncology patients.DesignA two‐arm parallel‐group randomized controlled trial (RCT) registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04862104) and reporting according to the CONSORT checklist.MethodsThe study was conducted with 78 patients who had undergone cancer surgery in a university hospital. The intervention group took discharge training; the control group received routine care. The surgical recovery was measured before discharge and 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the discharge.ResultsThere was a higher surgical recovery score in the intervention group compared with the usual care group at the second, fourth and eighth week after discharge. This study is expected to support discharge training as enhancing recovery in oncology surgical patients.ConclusionThis pilot study shows that discharge training developed based on the Nursing Intervention Classification can be used in clinics to enhance the surgical recovery of patients.
Statistical protocol for analyzing 3D muscle attachment sites based on the “Validated Entheses‐based Reconstruction of Activity” (VERA) approach
Authors: Karakostis Fotios Alexandros 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn anthropological sciences, the areas of the bones where muscles or ligaments attach (“entheses” or “muscle attachments”) are routinely used for reconstructing habitual physical activity based on skeletal remains. However, several previous studies have argued against this practice, considering the low measuring repeatability of most traditional evaluation techniques and the former lack of supportive experimental evidence for an actual effect of physical activity on entheseal morphology. In 2016, I proposed a repeatable virtual approach for reconstructing habitual physical activity using entheseal morphology, which has been validated based on several experimental studies on laboratory animal species and human skeletons with uniquely detailed and longitudinal occupational documentation. This method, which was later named the “Validated Entheses‐based Reconstruction of Activity” (VERA) method, relies on a precise protocol for virtually delineating and quantifying entheseal areas on three‐dimensional bone models. The obtained area measurements are then subjected to size adjustment and multivariate statistical analyses, which have been experimentally shown to reveal group correlations among entheses that reflect habitual coordination among muscle groups. This paper presents the first critical review of all the various statistical approaches previously employed for analyzing entheses using VERA (so far), providing the first coherent step‐by‐step protocol for the complete univariate and multivariate analysis of entheseal three‐dimensional data. These include the introduction of a new, simple, and fast plotting technique for the initial screening of group entheseal patterns prior to multivariate analysis (i.e., the “VERA Bar‐Chart”), followed by the calculation of the “group entheseal patterning index” (hereafter GEPI%).
A novel ZIC3 mutation in a Chinese family with heterotaxy and multiple types of congenital heart defect
Authors: Wang Yu , Dai Xiaohui , Liu Hanmin , Peng Jin , Chen Jiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsA couple was referred for prenatal counseling at gestational age 21 weeks for revealed situs inversus with levocardia (HP:0,031,592), atrial situs inversus (HP:0,011,538), congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA, HP:0,011,540) with ventricular septal defect (HP:0,001,629) and right aortic arch (HP:0,012,020). The couple had multiple prior pregnancies with complex congenital heart defects (CHDs, HP:0,001,627) in male fetuses. Testing was initiated to identify any fetal abnormality. The genetic cause of the observed prenatal defects was investigated.Materials and MethodsWhole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on DNA extracted from parental blood samples and skeletal muscle tissue of the aborted fetuses.ResultsA pathogenic hemizygous missense variant in ZIC3 (NM_003413.4: c.895 T > C) associated with X‐linked heterotaxy‐1 (HTX1) and multiple types of congenital heart defect‐1 (CHTD1) (OMIM #306955) was identified, which was inherited from the mother.ConclusionZIC3 encodes a highly conserved zinc‐finger protein that is highly correlated with CHDs. The present study of a Han Chinese family with CHDs expands the mutation spectrum of ZIC3 and provides further evidence that ZIC3 plays important roles in CHDs.
Experimental investigation on porosity and flexural strength of polymer parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Teraiya Soham , Potdar Yogesh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNowadays, polymer parts are fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) techniques of additive manufacturing for biomedical, sports, and automotive applications. But, functional use of these parts in high‐strength applications is limited due to anisotropic nature of the FDM process. Various researchers have proved that those process variables of FDM affect the mechanical properties of polymer parts. The present paper describes an experimental investigation of porosity and flexural strength of thermoplastic polymer (poly‐lactic acid) parts fabricated by FDM. Influence of three process variables namely nozzle temperature, print speed, and raster width on porosity and flexural strength of parts is studied. Experiments are planned using a central composite design. Specimens are first weighed for density measurements and then tested using three‐point flexural loading on a tensometer. It is found that all three process variables have a significant effect on porosity and flexural strength. Print speed is the most influential parameter for porosity, while raster width is the most significant parameter for flexural strength. Further, regressive models are developed to predict the responses. Also, microstructure of fractured specimens is studied using a scanning electron microscope. Optimization of process variables is performed to minimize porosity and maximize flexural strength using the desirability function approach.
Is ketamine infusion effective and safe as an adjuvant of sedation in the PICU? Results from the Ketamine Infusion Sedation Study (KISS)
Authors: Tessari Anna , Sperotto Francesca , Pece Federico , Pettenuzzo Giulia , Porcellato Nicola , Poletto Elisa , Mondardini Maria Cristina , Pettenazzo Andrea , Daverio Marco , Amigoni Angela 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ketamine in ensuring comfort and sparing conventional drugs when used as an adjuvant for analgesia and sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) as a continuous infusion (≥12 h).DesignObservational prospective study.SettingTertiary‐care‐center PICU.PatientsAll consecutive patients <18 years who received ketamine for ≥12 h between January 2019 and July 2021.Interventionsketamine infusion for ≥12 h.Measurements and Main ResultsSeventy‐seven patients (median age 16 months, Interquartile Range (IQR) 7–43) were enrolled. Twenty‐six percent of patients (n = 20) were paralyzed, while 74% (n = 57) were not. The median infusion duration was 90 h (IQR 39–193), with doses between 15 (IQR 15–20) and 30 μg/kg/min (IQR 20–50). At 24 h of ketamine infusion, values of COMFORT‐B‐Scale (CBS) were significantly lower compared with values pre‐ketamine (p < 0.001). Simultaneously, doses/kg/h of opioids and benzodiazepines significantly decreased at 24 h (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), while doses/kg/h of propofol (p = 0.500) and dexmedetomidine (p = 0.072) did not significantly change. Seventy‐four percent of non‐paralyzed patients (42/57) had a decrease in CBS ≥2 points with no increase of concomitant analgosedation drugs. Among paralyzed patients (n = 20), 13 (65%) had no increase of concomitant analgosedation within 24 h after ketamine initiation. Overall, 55/77 (71%) of patients responded to ketamine. The mean and maximum ketamine infusion dosages were significantly higher in the non‐responders (p = 0.021 and 0.028, respectively). Eleven patients had adverse events potentially related to ketamine (hypersalivation, systemic hypertension, dystonia/dyskinesia, tachycardia, and agitation) and six patients required intervention (dose reduction, suspension, or pharmacologic therapy). None of the patients developed delirium during ketamine infusion.ConclusionsKetamine used as a continuous infusion in the PICU might represent a valid strategy to ensure comfort and spare opioids and benzodiazepines in difficult‐to‐sedate PICU patients. Adverse events are minor and easily reversible. Future study will be needed to investigate long‐term outcomes.
Amoxicillin and penicillin G dosing in pediatric community‐acquired pneumococcal pneumonia in the era of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines
Authors: Huynh Dustin , Tung Norint , Dam Quang , Tran Tri , Hulten Kristina G. , Harrison Christopher J. , Kaplan Sheldon L. , Nguyen Allison , Do Tyler H. , Setty Amartya , Le Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundParenteral penicillin G (PENG) and oral amoxicillin (AMOX) are recommended as treatment for pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). With recent epidemiologic penicillin susceptibility data for Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most common etiology of CAP, the objective of this study was to evaluate optimal dosing regimens of PENG and AMOX based on population pharmacokinetics linked to current susceptibility data.MethodsUsing NONMEM v7.3, Monte Carlo simulations (N = 10,000) were conducted for AMOX 15 mg/kg/dose PO every 8 h (standard‐dose), AMOX 45 mg/kg/dose PO every 12 h (high‐dose), and PENG 62,500 units/kg/day IV every 6 h using six virtual subjects with ages spanning 3 months to 15 years old. The probability of target attainment (PTA) was determined for both serum and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) to achieve free drug concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (%fT>MIC) across the population of pneumococci for 30%–50% of the dosing interval.ResultsIn 2018, all 21 (100%) pneumococcal isolates were susceptible to both PENG and AMOX based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI; MIC at 2 mg/L) breakpoints, and 15 of 21 (71%) were susceptible based on EUCAST (MIC at 0.5 mg/L) breakpoints. As compared to CLSI, EUCAST breakpoints consistently achieved higher PTA for all antibiotic regimens. At 50% fT>MIC in the serum at the susceptible MICs, standard‐dose AMOX achieved >4% PTA (CLSI) and >86% PTA (EUCAST); high‐dose AMOX achieved >73% PTA (CLSI) and >99% PTA (EUCAST); and PENG achieved 0% PTA (using CLSI) and 100% PTA (using EUCAST). Standard‐dose AMOX, high‐dose AMOX, and PENG achieved >71%, >93%, and 100% PTA, respectively, in the serum at 30%–50% fT>MIC when each patient was stochastically linked to an MIC based on the frequency distribution of national susceptibility data. The PTA was consistently lower in ELF as compared with serum for all regimens.ConclusionBased on the recent rates of resistance, antibiotic doses evaluated provide appropriate exposure for pediatric CAP based on the serum and ELF data associated with predicted clinical and microbiologic success for pneumococcus. High‐dose AMOX may still be required to treat pediatric CAP, especially if using CLSI breakpoints. Ongoing surveillance for resistance is essential.
The effect of Fingolimod on patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19
Authors: Teymouri Soheil , Pourbayram Kaleybar Siamak , Hejazian Seyyed Sina , Hejazian Seyyedeh Mina , Ansarin Khalil , Ardalan Mohammadreza , Zununi Vahed Sepideh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHyper‐inflammation, cytokine storm, and recruitment of immune cells lead to uncontrollable endothelial cell damage in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) signaling is needed for endothelial integrity and its decreased serum level is a predictor of clinical severity in COVID‐19. In this clinical trial, the effect of Fingolimod, an agonist of S1P, was evaluated on patients with COVID‐19. Forty patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19 were enrolled and divided into two groups including (1) the control group (n = 21) receiving the national standard regimen for COVID‐19 patients and (2) the intervention group (n = 19) that prescribed daily Fingolimod (0.5 mg) for 3 days besides receiving the standard national regimen for COVID‐19. The hospitalization period, re‐admission rate, intensive care unit (ICU) administration, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality rate were assessed as primary outcomes in both groups. The results showed that re‐admission was significantly decreased in COVID‐19 patients who received Fingolimod compared to the controls (p = .04). In addition, the hemoglobin levels of the COVID‐19 patients in the intervention group were increased compared to the controls (p = .018). However, no significant differences were found regarding the intubation or mortality rate between the groups (p > .05). Fingolimod could significantly reduce the re‐admission rate after hospitalization with COVID‐19. Fingolimod may not enhance patients' outcomes with moderate COVID‐19. It is necessary to examine these findings in a larger cohort of patients with severe to critical COVID‐19.
Time‐Efficient Object Recognition in Quantum Ghost Imaging
Authors: Moodley Chané , Ruget Alice , Leach Jonathan , Forbes Andrew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcquiring information at the fastest possible rate is often desirable, particularly in quantum ghost imaging which suffers from slow reconstruction speeds. Many computationally intense deep‐learning methods have been implemented in an effort to speed up image acquisition times by retrieving image information. Often over‐looked, machine learning methods can offer the same, if not better, speed up in image acquisition time by an object recognition process. Four machine learning algorithms are implemented and trained on a uniquely generated, noised, and blurred dataset of numerical digits 1 through 9. Of the tested recognition algorithms, logistic regression shows a 10× speed up in image acquisition time with a 99% prediction accuracy. Additionally, this reduction in acquisition time is achieved without any image denoising or enhancement prior to recognition, thereby reducing training and implementation time, as well as the computational intensity of the approach. This method can be implemented in real‐time, requiring only 1/10th of the measurements needed for a general solution, making it ideal for quantum imaging and recognition of light sensitive structure.
Dendritic Plasmonic CuPt Alloys for Closed‐Loop Multimode Cancer Therapy with Remarkably Enhanced Efficacy
Authors: Chang Mengyu , Wang Man , Liu Yuhui , Liu Min , Kheraif Abdulaziz A. Al , Ma Ping'an , Zhao Yanli , Lin Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe outcome of laser‐triggered plasmons‐induced phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), is significantly limited by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and the upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in response to heat stress. Mitochondria, the biological battery of cells, can serve as an important breakthrough to overcome these obstacles. Herein, dendritic triangular pyramidal plasmonic CuPt alloys loaded with heat‐sensitive NO donor N, N′‐di‐sec‐butyl‐N, N′‐dinitroso‐1,4‐phenylenediamine (BNN) is developed. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, plasmonic CuPt can generate superoxide anion free radicals (·O2−) and heat simultaneously. The heat generated can then trigger the release of NO gas, which not only enables gas therapy but also damages the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Impaired mitochondrial respiration leads to reduced oxygen consumption and insufficient intracellular ATP supply, which effectively alleviates tumor hypoxia and undermines the synthesis of HSPs, in turn boosting plasmonic CuPt‐based PDT and mild PTT. Additionally, the generated NO and ·O2− can react to form more cytotoxic peroxynitrite (ONOO−). This work describes a plasmonic CuPt@BNN (CPB) triggered closed‐loop NO gas, free radicals, and mild photothermal therapy strategy that is highly effective at reciprocally promoting antitumor outcomes.
Strong Magnetic Field Annealing for Improved Phthalocyanine Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Comeau Zachary J. , Cranston Rosemary R. , Lamontagne Halynne R. , Shuhendler Adam J. , Lessard Benoît H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThin‐film microstructure, morphology, and polymorphism can be controlled and optimized to improve the performance of carbon‐based electronics. Thermal or solvent vapor annealing are common post‐deposition processing techniques; however, it can be difficult to control or destructive to the active layer or substrates. Here, the use of a static, strong magnetic field (SMF) as a non‐destructive process for the improvement of phthalocyanine (Pc) thin‐film microstructure, increasing organic thin‐film transistor (OTFTs) mobility by twofold, is demonstrated. Grazing incident wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) elucidate the effect of SMF on both para‐ and diamagnetic Pc thin‐films when subjected to a magnetic field. A SMF is found to increase the concentration of oxygen‐induced radical species within the Pc thin‐film, lending a paramagnetic character to ordinarily diamagnetic metal‐free Pc and resulting in magnetic field induced changes to its thin‐film microstructures. In a nitrogen environment, without competing degradation effects of molecular oxygen, SMF processing is found to favorably improve charge transport characteristics and increase OTFT mobility. Thus, post‐deposition thin‐film annealing with a magnetic field is presented as an alternative and promising technique for future thin‐film engineering applications.