bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted Synthesis of Isomeric Naphthalene‐Based 2D Kagome Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Li Yusen , Su Xi , Zheng Wenhao , Zheng Jia‐Jia , Guo Linshuo , Bonn Mischa , Gao Xingfa , Wang Hai I. , Chen Long 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTargeted synthesis of kagome (kgm) topologic 2D covalent organic frameworks remains challenging, presumably due to the severe dependence on building units and synthetic conditions. Herein, two isomeric “two‐in‐one” monomers with different lengths of substituted arms based on naphthalene core (p‐Naph andm‐Naph) are elaborately designed and utilized for the defined synthesis of isomerickgmNaph‐COFs. The two isomeric frameworks exhibit splendid crystallinity and showcase the same chemical composition and topologic structure with, however, different pore channels. Interestingly, C60is able to uniformly be encapsulated into the triangle channels ofm‐Naph‐COF via in situ incorporation method, while not the isomericp‐Naph‐COF, likely due to the different pore structures of the two isomeric COFs. The resulting stable C60@m‐Naph‐COF composite exhibits much higher photoconductivity than them‐Naph‐COF owing to charge transfer between the conjugated skeletons and C60guests.
Organometallic Borromean Rings and [2]Catenanes Featuring Di‐NHC Ligands
Authors: Lu Ye , Dutschke Patrick D. , Kinas Jenny , Hepp Alexander , Jin Guo‐Xin , Hahn F. Ekkehardt 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report herein a series of organometallic Borromean rings (BRs) and [2]catenanes prepared from benzobiscarbene ligands. The reaction of dinickel complexes of the benzobiscarbenes 1 a–1 c with a thiazolothiazole bridged bipyridyl ligand L2 led by self‐assembly to a series of organometallic BRs. Solvophobic effects played a crucial role in the formation and stability of the interlocked species. The stability of BRs is related to the N‐alkyl substituents at the precursors 1 a–1 c, where longer alkyl substitutes improve stability and inter‐ring interactions. Solvophobic effects are also important for the stability of [2]catenanes prepared from 1 a–1 c and a flexible bipyridyl ligand L3. In solution, an equilibrium between the [2]catenanes and their macrocyclic building blocks was observed. High proportions of [2]catenanes were obtained in concentrated solutions or polar solvents. The proportion of [2]catenanes in solution could be further enhanced by lengthening of the N‐alkyl substitutes.
Fault detection in wind turbine transmission systems via finite frequency observers
Authors: Wang Shaoping , Zhou Jun , Duan Zhaoxia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses fault detection for wind turbine transmission system (WTTS) subject to actuator stuck faults and wind disturbances. Taking into account the frequency domain characteristics of such faults and disturbances, a modified observer is designed in terms of finite frequency (FF) performance indices that have detection performances superior to some formerly proposed ones. With the generalized Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov (GKYP) lemma and the Lyapunov theory, the FF performance indices are related to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and parametrization of the corresponding FF modified observer is completed by convex optimization under LMI constraints. One typical advantage of the modified observer is that fault and disturbance signals in distinctive FF domains can be dealt with simultaneously. This makes the residual system sensitive to actuator stuck faults and robust against external wind disturbances. Simulations are included to show that the design method achieves fault detection performances better than those of the entire frequency observers.
Guessing, math, or something else? Lay people's processes for valuing annuities
Authors: Post Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearchers have long been trying to understand why individuals dislike annuities. Here, we investigate if the process individuals use to assess the financial value of annuities may lead them to inaccurately value annuities. In Study 1, participants were asked to assess the monthly payments associated with a specific annuity lump sum or the annuity lump sum associated with a specific monthly payment. They were then asked to describe how they arrived at their answers. We find that when making this assessment, 42% of participants report attempts at using math, with some even describing mathematical formulas. Most other participants reported guessing instead. Reporting attempts at math is more common among participants with higher financial literacy and numeracy. Reported attempts at math, financial literacy, and numeracy predict arriving at more realistic financial values for annuities, as well as incorporating assessments of life expectancy in the math. Based on this process knowledge, we then designed an experiment in Study 2 and tested the effect of presenting information about life expectancy, providing feedback about payouts or their combination. We find that we can thereby change the assessed financial value of annuities and increase participants' interest in annuities, especially among participants that reported attempts at using math. Understanding the processes individuals use to assess the value of annuities informs theory and practice.
Food supplier sorting model for strategic supply chain sustainable development
Authors: Causil Over Manuel Montes , Morais Danielle Costa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe sustainable supplier assessment has emerged as a strategic activity that seeks to green the value chain. Plentiful studies evaluating sustainable suppliers in the agroindustry field have been proposed. These investigations focus on selecting or ranking from the best to the worst performance. However, the sorting approach that would be more adequate when it comes to investigating the performance of partners with a view to making improvements to their systems is generally not considered to solve this problem, being an important gap in the literature. In this scenario, this research provides a food supplier sorting model using Value‐Focused Thinking (VFT) and Flexible and Interactive Tradeoff (FITradeoff) method for sorting problematic to suggest upgrades and advancements in the operation of the suppliers searching for a sustainable development. The suppliers were sorted into predefined categories depending on sustainability level: sustainable suppliers; suppliers in path of development; and non‐green suppliers. The method was applied for evaluating suppliers in a Colombian food industry. Finding shows that the proposed model is useful to categorize suppliers, serving to design particular green programs for each class to improve them, while also suggesting a strategic direction to greener the food supply chain in accordance with the goals of the sustainable development.
A European comparison of screening and referral by childcare professionals of maltreatment in children aged 0–3: A wild goose chase or maybe not
Authors: Bisagno Elisa , Cadamuro Alessia , Dierickx Serafine , Mosleh Dima Bou , Linde‐Ozola Zane , Kandāte Annija , Varga‐Sabjan Dora , Morva Dorottya , Laszlo Noemi , Rozsa Monika , Gruber Andrea , De Fazio Giovanna Laura , Wuyts Dorien , Blom Johanna M. C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFramed within the European project ECLIPS (Enhancing the Capacity to combat chiLd abuse through an Integral training and Protocol for childcare professionalS), this study aims at understanding the needs related to the screening and referral of child maltreatment by childcare professionals working with children aged 0–3 in daycare settings of four European countries (Belgium, Hungary, Italy and Latvia). While children in this age group display the highest risk of abuse compared to older children, research and practice are less focused on them. Given their daily exposure, childcare professionals are in a unique position to identify and refer child maltreatment of infants and toddlers. However, data from desk research and focus groups held in the four countries revealed significant gaps in both processes. Screening for abuse is not mandatory for childcare professionals, and many barriers limit its effectiveness, such as the lack of training and the absence of standardised practices. Referral is mainly undermined by psychological barriers, namely fear and lack of self‐efficacy. This is a fundamental first step to developing strategies to face underreporting and filling knowledge gaps while supporting the fundamental competencies necessary to safeguard the young child's best interest, which is the final goal of the ECLIPS project.
Left and right coronary artery blood flow distribution method based on dominant type
Authors: Wang Xue , Liu Jincheng , Li Na , Ma Junling , Chen Mingyan , Feng Yili , Li Bao , Liu Jian , Liu Youjun , Zhang Liyuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of left/right coronary artery flow distribution on calculation of fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (FFRct) in different dominant types. First, 195 patients were collected to count the distribution ratios of the three categories: right dominance (RD), balanced dominance (BD), and left dominance (LD). Ratios of diameters of the left/right coronary arteries (DLCA:DRCA) of the three types were calculated and used to represent the ratio of flow distribution (QLCA:QRCA) in the dominant type method. The other method was known as the fixed ratio method (QLCA:QRCA = 6:4). Second, a total of 73 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled for numerical calculation. A 0D/3D geometric multiscale model was used for the numerical simulation of FFR and the results of the fixed ratio method and the dominant type method were recorded as F‐FFRct and D‐FFRct. Lastly, invasive FFR(clinic‐FFR)was used as a standard to evaluate the consistency and diagnostic performance of F‐FFRct and D‐FFRct. Corresponding flow distributions for the dominant type method were QLCA:QRCA = 5:5 for RD, QLCA:QRCA = 5.5:4.5 for BD, and QLCA:QRCA = 6:4 for LD. D‐FFRct showed a better correlation than F‐FFRct (r = 0.85 vs. r = 0.81, both p < .001); the AUC (95%CI) were 0.974 (0.906–0.997, p < .0001) and 0.960 (0.886–0.992, p < .0001). Accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) for D‐FFRct and F‐FFRct were 94.52%, 93.75%, 94.74%, 83.33%, 98.18% and 90.41%, 87.50%, 91.23%, 73.68%, 96.30%, respectively. Overall, the left/right coronary artery flow distribution was affected by the dominant type and the dominant type method was superior to the fixed ratio method in detecting coronary ischemic lesions.
New fusion features convolutional neural network with high generalization ability on rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Hao Run Fang , Liu Chuang , Cheng Yong Qiang 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThis study proposes a feature fusion one‐dimensional convolutional neural network algorithm model with a portable non‐dimensionality reduction attention mechanism to resolve the limitations pertaining to the small training sample capacity of conventional deep learning models, single feature‐extractor size, insufficient feature extraction of the bearing faults, and low recognition rate of the bearing health status under variable loads and strong noise. This model regarded raw vibration signal as input, used the feature fusion module to extract multiscale time information, and the convolution‐pooling alternating layer adaptively overcome the time‐dependent limitations. An adaptive batch normalization was introduced to reduce the divergence in sample distribution between the source and target domains and enhance the model generalization capabilities. Moreover, the non‐dimensionality reduction attention mechanism is a more efficient channel weight distribution algorithm that can enhance the anti‐noise performance of the model. After embedding the non‐dimensionality reduction attention mechanism, the proposed network could enhance the anti‐noise performance of the model through a special channel‐weight learning method. It combined the Softmax classification layer to construct a feature extraction feature classification dual intelligent fault diagnosis algorithm. The experiments were performed on the rolling bearing fault dataset. The results revealed that the method provided a rather high generalization ability and stable anti‐noise ability. Simultaneously, the introduction of t‐SNE dimensionality reduction visualization revealed the strong feature‐extraction ability of the deep network model for large‐volume samples.
Mechanistic Study of the Transition from Antimony Oxide to Antimony Sulfide in the Hydrothermal Process to Obtain Highly Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Lijian , Xiao Peng , Che Bo , Yang Junjie , Cai Zhiyuan , Wang Haolin , Gao Jinxiang , Liang Wenhao , Wu Chunyan , Chen Tao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObtaining high‐quality absorber layers is a major task for constructing efficient thin‐film solar cells. Hydrothermal deposition is considered a promising method for preparing high‐quality antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) films for solar cell applications. In the hydrothermal process, the precursor reactants play an important role in controlling the film formation process and thus the film quality. In this study, Sb2O3 is applied as a new Sb source to replace the traditional antimony potassium tartrate to modulate the growth process of the Sb2S3 film. The reaction mechanism of the transition from Sb2O3 to Sb2S3 in the hydrothermal process is revealed. Through controlling the nucleation and deposition processes, high‐quality Sb2S3 films are prepared with longer carrier lifetimes and lower deep‐level defect densities than those prepared from the traditional Sb source of antimony potassium tartrate. Consequently, a solar cell device based on this improved Sb2S3 delivers a high power conversion efficiency of 6.51 %, which is in the top tier for Sb2S3‐based solar devices using hydrothermal methods. This research provides a new and competitive Sb source for hydrothermal growth of high‐quality antimony chalcogenide films for solar cell applications.
Tungsten Disulfide‐Interfacing Nickel‐Porphyrin For Photo‐Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Minadakis Michail P. , Canton‐Vitoria Ruben , Stangel Christina , Klontzas Emmanuel , Arenal Raul , Hernández‐Ferrer Javier , Benito Ana M. , Maser Wolfgang K. , Tagmatarchis Nikos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCovalent functionalization of tungsten disulfide (WS2) with photo‐ and electro‐active nickel‐porphyrin (NiP) is reported. Exfoliated WS2 interfacing NiP moieties with 1,2‐dithiolane linkages is assayed in the oxygen evolution reaction under both dark and illuminated conditions. The hybrid material presented, WS2−NiP, is fully characterized with complementary spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermal techniques. Standard yet advanced electrochemical techniques, such as linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and calculation of the electrochemically active surface area, are used to delineate the catalytic profile of WS2−NiP. In‐depth study of thin films with transient photocurrent and photovoltage response assays uncovers photo‐enhanced electrocatalytic behavior. The observed photo‐enhanced electrocatalytic activity of WS2−NiP is attributed to the presence of Ni centers coordinated and stabilized by the N4 motifs of tetrapyrrole rings at the tethered porphyrin derivative chains, which work as photoreceptors. This pioneering work opens wide routes for water oxidation, further contributing to the development of non‐noble metal electrocatalysts.
Neutrophil, neutrophil extracellular traps and endothelial cell dysfunction in sepsis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wang Yanghanzhao , Qu Mengdi , Li Wenqian , Wu Dan , Cata Juan P. , Miao Changhong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSepsis is a persistent systemic inflammatory condition involving multiple organ failures resulting from a dysregulated immune response to infection, and one of the hallmarks of sepsis is endothelial dysfunction. During its progression, neutrophils are the first line of innate immune defence against infection. Aside from traditional mechanisms, such as phagocytosis or the release of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species and other antibacterial substances, activated neutrophils also release web‐like structures composed of tangled decondensed DNA, histone, myeloperoxidase and other granules called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which can efficiently ensnare bacteria in the circulation. In contrast, excessive neutrophil activation and NET release may induce endothelial cells to shift toward a pro‐inflammatory and pro‐coagulant phenotype. Furthermore, neutrophils and NETs can degrade glycocalyx on the endothelial cell surface and increase endothelium permeability. Consequently, the endothelial barrier collapses, contributing to impaired microcirculatory blood flow, tissue hypoperfusion and life‐threatening organ failure in the late phase of sepsis.
Ecological constraint, rather than opportunity, promotes adaptive radiation in three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) on North Uist
Authors: Begum Mahmuda , Nolan Victoria , MacColl Andrew D. C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe context and cause of adaptive radiations have been widely described and explored but why rapid evolutionary diversification does not occur in related evolutionary lineages has yet to be understood. The standard answer is that evolutionary diversification is provoked by ecological opportunity and that some lineages do not encounter the opportunity. Three‐spined sticklebacks on the Scottish island of North Uist show enormous diversification, which seems to be associated with the diversity of aquatic habitats. Sticklebacks on the neighboring island of South Uist have not been reported to show the same level of evolutionary diversity, despite levels of environmental variation that we might expect to be similar to North Uist. In this study, we compared patterns of morphological and environmental diversity on North and South Uist. Ancestral anadromous sticklebacks from both islands exhibited similar morphology including size and bony “armor.” Resident sticklebacks showed significant variation in armor traits in relation to pH of water. However, North Uist sticklebacks exhibited greater diversity of morphological traits than South Uist and this was associated with greater diversity in pH of the waters of lochs on North Uist. Highly acidic and highly alkaline freshwater habitats are missing, or uncommon, on South Uist. Thus, pH appears to act as a causal factor driving the evolutionary diversification of stickleback in local adaptation in North and South Uist. This is consistent with diversification being more associated with ecological constraint than ecological opportunity.
Superbase‐Catalyzed Steric‐Hindrance‐Induced Dimerization of Alkynones to Highly Functionalized Furans
Authors: Dvorko Marina Yu. , Shabalin Dmitrii A. , Ushakov Igor A. , Schmidt Elena Yu. , Trofimov Boris A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe cascade dimerization of alkynones bearing sterically hindered secondary alkyl groups at the carbonyl function has unexpectedly furnished highly functionalized furans. The reaction efficiently occurs in the presence of potassium tert‐butoxide/dimethylsulfoxide superbase catalytic system at room temperature. Alkynones having additional C−H active site at the carbon‐carbon triple bond have followed another dimerization pathway to afford 3‐alkenylpyran‐4‐ones. The discovery of these reactions expands the traditional knowledge about the reactivity of alkynones in strong basic medium.
Assessing testicular germ cell DNA damage in the comet assay; introduction of a proof‐of‐concept
Authors: Dirven Yvette , Eide Dag Markus , Henriksson Erika Witasp , Hjorth Rune , Sharma Anoop Kumar , Graupner Anne , Brunborg Gunnar , Ballangby Jarle , Boisen Anne Mette Zenner , Swedmark Stellan , Gützkow Kristine Bjerve , Olsen Ann‐Karin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe in vivo comet assay is widely used to measure genotoxicity; however, the current OECD test guideline (TG 489) does not recommend using the assay to assess testicular germ cells, due to the presence of testicular somatic cells. An adapted approach to specifically assess testicular germ cells within the comet assay is certainly warranted, considering regulatory needs for germ cell‐specific genotoxicity data in relation to the increasing global production of and exposure to potentially hazardous chemicals. Here, we provide a proof‐of‐concept to selectively analyze round spermatids and primary spermatocytes, distinguishing them from other cells of the testicle. Utilizing the comet assay recordings of DNA content (total fluorescence intensity) and DNA damage (% tail intensity) of individual comets, we developed a framework to distinguish testicular cell populations based on differences in DNA content/ploidy and appearance. Haploid round spermatid comets are identified through (1) visual inspection of DNA content distributions, (2) setting DNA content thresholds, and (3) modeling DNA content distributions using a normal mixture distribution function. We also describe an approach to distinguish primary spermatocytes during comet scoring, based on their high DNA content and large physical size. Our concept allows both somatic and germ cells to be analyzed in the same animal, adding a versatile, sensitive, rapid, and resource‐efficient assay to the limited genotoxicity assessment toolbox for germ cells. An adaptation of TG 489 facilitates accumulation of valuable information regarding distribution of substances to germ cells and their potential for inducing germ cell gene mutations and structural chromosomal aberrations.
Environmental toxicity study using invertebrates and plants against PbO nanoparticles prepared in biological synthesis using Farfarae folium extract
Authors: Szymanski Marcin , Dobrucka Renata 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, we developed and used research methods that will make it possible to quickly assess the toxic activity of, among others, metal nanoparticles. In this work, we assessed the toxicity of PbO nanoparticles obtained from biological synthesis using Farfarae folium. The obtained PbO nanoparticles were characterized with the use of such methods as UV–VIS, XRD, SEM with EDS, AFM and FTIR. The techniques applied in the work confirmed the presence of 30–40 nm PbO nanoparticles. The toxic properties of biologically synthesized nanoparticles were assessed with the use of plants and invertebrates. The phytotoxicity studies were conducted on the following plant seeds: radish, garden cress, bean, rape, chia, lupine, corn, and beetroot. The IC50 coefficient was calculated on the basis of the logarithmic relationship Aw = a*ln(C) + b. The studies also used the following invertebrates: Daphnia pulex, Tubifex tubifex, Chaoborus sp. (larva), Chironomus aprilinus, Artemia sp. The EC50 coefficient was calculated after the incubation period. For PbO nanoparticles, we managed to identify the IC50 coefficient for selected plants. It was, respectively, 0.150 mg/ml for lupine; 0.274 mg/ml for bean; and 0.655 mg/ml for radish. As regards the studies on invertebrates, it was observed that the most sensitive organisms were Daphnia pulex (EC50 = 0.32 mg/ml) and Tubifex tubifex (EC50 = 0.38 mg/ml), and the most resistant one was Chironomus aprilinus (EC50 = 0.83 mg/ml).