bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable mobility learning: Technological acceptance model for gamified experience with ClassCraft in primary school
Authors: Sipone Silvia , Abella Victor , Rojo Marta , Moura José Luis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe concept of sustainable mobility is related to the fulfilment of certain conditions that consider environmental, economic and social factors when making decisions on transport activity. The recognition of the role of education as a key factor for sustainable development and sustainable mobility has been growing. Therefore, the development of training schemes aimed at sustainable mobility education as a tool for a better future for the generations to come is of fundamental importance. This study analyses the factors affecting the adoption of the ClassCraft platform in activities related to sustainable mobility. The proposed experience involved children aged 10–11 years old, a total of 75 pupils. This experience was the basis for analyzing the pupils' perception of the gamification-based methodology. A mixed method has been used, combining qualitative results from a Focus Group (FG) with 6 students, and quantitative results through a questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with all the 75 students. The results reflect that all students consider this methodology as an opportunity for a change in the school experience to make classroom activities more enjoyable. Our research contributes to the application of a mixed methods approach that addresses an educational challenge, considering the voice of the children when applying new teaching–learning strategies.
Upstream movement of juvenile eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) in a southwestern European river
Authors: Monteiro Rui M. , Domingos Isabel , Almeida Pedro R. , Costa José L. , Pereira Esmeralda , Belo Ana F. , Portela Teresa , Telhado Ana , Quintella Bernardo R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The upstream movement of juvenile eels (median total length (TL) = 138 mm) in the Mondego River, Portugal, was analysed between January 2017 and August 2019. A total of 12,019 individuals (TL ranging from 60 to 287 mm) were counted and measured on an eel ladder at Coimbra weir, 44 km upstream from the river mouth, during their upstream movements. Although eels were counted throughout the year, a clear seasonal peak was detected in spring and late summer, with 93% of total movements occurring between April and September. No differences were found in the total length of individuals moving upstream between years. Generalised additive models, with an explained deviance of 83% and an adjusted R2 of 0.88, identified minimum water temperature as the main environmental variable explaining these movements, with a threshold of 13 °C triggering the onset of movements, and a peak between 15 and 19 °C, which corresponds to the spring and summer periods. Other predictors such as photoperiod, precipitation and river flow also contributed as explanatory variables in the model but less importantly. The present results may contribute to the management of this endangered species in the southern region of its distribution range by defining adequate temporal windows to monitor and promote the movement of juvenile European eels through obstacles to migration.
Electrochemical impedance response of the nanostructured Ti–6Al–4V surface in the presence of S. aureus and E. coli
Authors: Fojt Jaroslav , Průchová Eva , Hybášek Vojtěch 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImplant infections associated with biofilm are a significant problem in current healthcare. Early detection of the development of bacterial infection would allow the deployment of antibiotic treatment to suppress complications. Biofilm detection can be based on the changes in the electrochemical response of a metal oxide sensor. The nanostructured surface of titanium alloys provides a large active/geometric surface area ratio and may respond to the presence of bacteria by changing its behaviour. In this work, the changes in impedance response of nanostructured Ti–6Al–4V alloy surface in the presence of E. coli and S. aureus were studied. The nanostructures were prepared by anodic oxidation in a fluoride ions-containing environment. The change in impedance spectra and open circuit potential of the prepared surfaces was monitored for 48 h. Furthermore, a series of measurements in model systems were carried out to help identify the processes leading to the change in the electrochemical behaviour of the surface. The measurements showed significant changes in the surface impedance response over a wide range of frequencies and for both bacterial strains. Based on the results, the implantable sensor based on the nanotubular titanium oxide seems to be a possible and simple way how to detect bacterial infection.
Graphical Abstract
Data-driven indirect punch wear monitoring in sheet-metal stamping processes
Authors: Unterberg Martin , Becker Marco , Niemietz Philipp , Bergs Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe wear state of the punch in sheet-metal stamping processes cannot be directly observed, necessitating the use of indirect methods to infer its condition. Past research approaches utilized a plethora of machine learning models to infer the punch wear state from suitable process signals, but have been limited by the lack of industrial-grade process setups and sample sizes as well as their insufficient interpretability. This work seeks to address these limitations by proposing the sheared surface of the scrap web as a proxy for the punch wear and modeling its quality from acoustic emission signals. The experimental work was carried out in an industrial-grade fine blanking process setting. Evaluation of the model performances suggests that the utilized regression models are capable of modeling the relationship between acoustic emission signal features and sheared surface quality of the scrap webs. Subsequent model inference suggests adhesive wear on the punch as a root cause for the sheared surface impairment of the scrap webs. This work represents the most extensive modeling effort on indirect punch wear monitoring in sheet-metal stamping both from a model prediction and model inference perspective known to the authors.
Non-equilibrium Stationary Solutions for Multicomponent Coagulation Systems with Injection
Authors: Ferreira Marina A. , Lukkarinen Jani , Nota Alessia , Velázquez Juan J. L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe existence and non-existence of stationary solutions of multicomponent coagulation equations with a constant flux of mass towards large sizes is investigated. The flux may be induced by a source of small clusters or by a flux boundary condition at the origin of the composition space, and the coagulation kernel can be very general, merely satisfying certain power law asymptotic bounds in terms of the total number of monomers in a cluster. Our set-up, including an appropriate definition of multicomponent flux, allows a sharp classification of the existence of stationary solutions. In particular, this analysis extends previous results for one-component systems to a larger class of kernels.
Exploring how disturbance and light availability shape the elevation ranges of multiple mountain tree and shrub species in the tropics
Authors: Muñoz Mazon Miguel , Klanderud Kari , Sheil Douglas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractContextTropical mountains are hotspots of plant diversity, with a remarkable density of narrow ranged and endemic species. To develop effective in situ strategies for the conservation of species under changing climatic conditions we need to understand the mechanisms that shape their distributions.ObjectivesWe explore how disturbance shapes the elevation ranges of two shrubs and eight tree species (Hypericum irazuense,Vacciunium consanguineum,Escallonia myrtilloides,Schefflera rodriguesiana,Weinmannia pinnata,Rhamnus(Frangula)oreodendron,Styrax argenteus,Podocarpus oleifolius,Prumnopitys standleyi,Magnolia poasana) characteristic of the paramos and cloud forest of the Talamanca Mountains, Costa Rica.MethodsWe used distance sampling transects along a 1400 m elevation range and “density surface models” to explore how the distribution of the selected species responds to changes in basal area and light availability after disturbance, across their elevation range.ResultsThe legacies of disturbance on forest structure and light availability clearly shaped the elevation ranges of seven species.H. irazuensehad a clear light demanding strategy, only occurring at well-lit sites throughout their range.V. consanguineum,E. myrtilloidesandS. rodriguesianashifted from a shade tolerant to strictly light demanding distribution between their upper and lower range limit, showing a context dependent role of light availability along their elevation range.R. oreodendron,S. argenteusandW. pinnataoccurred mainly under shaded and crowded conditions. The density ofM. poasana,P. oleifoliusandP. standleyispecies was related only to elevation.ConclusionsOur study illustrates how light availability and disturbance are key to understand the elevation range dynamics of high elevation tropical trees and shrubs. Canopy openings after disturbances provide habitat for paramo and high elevation woody plant species to persist under warmer conditions. These findings can inform conservation efforts aimed at preserving high elevation plants species in the future.
Kuznetsov–Ma rogue wave clusters of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Alwashahi Sarah , Aleksić Najdan B. , Belić Milivoj R. , Nikolić Stanko N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, we investigate rogue wave (RW) clusters of different shapes, composed of Kuznetsov–Ma solitons (KMSs) from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with Kerr nonlinearity. We present three classes of exact higher-order solutions on uniform background that are calculated using the Darboux transformation (DT) scheme with precisely chosen parameters. The first solution class is characterized by strong intensity narrow peaks that are periodic along the evolution x-axis, when the eigenvalues in DT scheme generate KMSs with commensurate frequencies. The second solution class exhibits a form of elliptical rogue wave clusters; it is derived from the first solution class when the first m evolution shifts in the nth-order DT scheme are nonzero and equal. We show that the high-intensity peaks built on KMSs of order $$n-2m$$

n
-
2
m

periodically appear along the x-axis. This structure, considered as the central rogue wave, is enclosed by m ellipses consisting of a certain number of the first-order KMSs determined by the ellipse index and the solution order. The third class of KMS clusters is obtained when purely imaginary DT eigenvalues tend to some preset offset value higher than one, while keeping the x-shifts unchanged. We show that the central rogue wave at (0, 0) always retains its $$n-2m$$

n
-
2
m

order. The n tails composed of the first-order KMSs are formed above and below the central maximum. When n is even, more complicated patterns are generated, with m and $$m-1$$

m
-
1

loops above and below the central RW, respectively. Finally, we compute an additional solution class on a wavy background, defined by the Jacobi elliptic dnoidal function, which displays specific intensity patterns that are consistent with the background wavy perturbation. This work demonstrates an incredible power of the DT scheme in creating new solutions of the NLSE and a tremendous richness in form and function of those solutions.
Impact of a primary care pharmacist consultations on pregnant women’s medication use: the SafeStart intervention study linked to a national prescription database
Authors: Ngo Elin , Truong Maria Bich-Thuy , Nordeng Hedvig 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Prior studies show that pharmacist consultations are highly appreciated by pregnant women and feasible in community pharmacies. However, it is unknown whether such counseling has an impact on medication use during pregnancy.

Aim
This study aimed to assess whether a pharmacist consultation in early pregnancy was associated with pregnant women’s medication use, with a focus on antiemetic medications.

Method
The SafeStart study recruited Norwegian pregnant women in the first trimester between February 2018 and February 2019. Women in the intervention group received a pharmacist consultation in a community pharmacy or by phone. A follow-up questionnaire was completed 13 weeks after enrollment. Data from the SafeStart study were linked to the Norwegian Prescription Database. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between the pharmacist intervention and medication use in the second trimester.

Results
The study included 103 women in the intervention group and 126 in the control group. Overall prescription fills in the first and second trimesters were 55% and 45% (intervention group) and 49% and 52% (control group), respectively. In total, 16–20% of women in the first trimester and 21–27% of women in the second trimester had a prescription for antiemetics. The pharmacist intervention was not associated with women’s medication use in the second trimester.

Conclusion
This study did not detect an impact of a pharmacist consultation on pregnant women’s use of medications. In the future, pharmacist consultations should focus on other outcome factors, such as risk perception, knowledge level, and the use of other health care services.
Trial registration The SafeStart study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04182750, registration date: December 2, 2019).
Potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions savings from replacing short motorcycle trips with active travel modes in Vietnam
Authors: Tong Yen Dan , Maraseni Tek , Nguyen Phuong-Duy , An-Vo Duc-Anh , Mancuso Tradenta Julio , Tran Thuy Ai Dong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, there is a recognition triggered by the pandemic of the role that walking and cycling (active travel) can make to substitute motorized travel, particularly on short trips. However, there is a lack of evidence at the micro level on the realistic, empirically derived, potential of these options. Here, we used reliable tracing data to examine the potential of these mitigation options for reducing GHG emissions in Vietnam. Apart from similar categories of travel purposes as in other studies, we decided to categorize “visit relatives” and “eating out” as two more separate categories of travel purposes in Vietnamese case, which together accounts for nearly 16% of total trips. We discovered that 65% of all motorcycle trips in this case study were less than 3 miles in duration, therefore active travel was able to create a significant impact on GHG emissions from personal travel. Active travel can replace 62% of short motorcycle trips if considering travel patterns and constraints while saving 18% of GHG emissions that would have come from motorized transport. If active travel can further replace all shopping trips normally done by motorcycles, in total being equivalent to 84% of short trips, 22% of GHG emissions from motorcycles can be reduced. It should be noticed that active travels have time cost implications, impacting economy at both household and city levels, but from a comprehensive “co-benefit” standpoint, this transformation could act as a catalyst for addressing traffic congestion, air pollution, and even community health and well-being in urban areas.
The two parts of Kant’s moral religion
Authors: Rovira Rogelio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhy in theCritique of Practical Reasonis moral religion presented as a doctrine of the postulates of pure practical reason, of which Christian morality, considered as a philosophical doctrine, is an illustration, whereas in theReligion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reasonmoral religion is ultimately identified with a particular moral interpretation of the religious dogmas of Christianity? In this essay, I propose to answer this question by examining a thesis of Kant’s that has scarcely been considered. This is the thesis that, as with other philosophical disciplines, moral religion consists of a pure part and an applied part. The reasons for the bipartite division of moral religion—confirmed also by the findings of Kant’s third Critique—not only provide a direct, explicit, and maybe sufficient answer to the question posed, but also shed light on the role of Christianity in Kant’s conception of religion.
The influence of research collaboration on citation impact: the countries in the European Innovation Scoreboard
Authors: Vieira Elizabeth S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effect of research collaboration (RC) on citation impact (the citations that the scientific knowledge has received) has been studied over the years. However, the extant literature has not considered that the effect of RC can not be efficiently assessed if the level of development of the research and innovation system (RIS) of the collaborating countries is disregarded. I have addressed this gap by looking at the articles published by 36 countries and controlling for other variables that also influence citation impact. The results show that the higher the development of the RIS, the higher the citation impact, as measured by the percentile each article occupies in the respective Web of Science subject area, of single–authored articles and of articles with domestic research collaboration (DRC). The articles representing DRC always have a higher citation impact than single-authored articles, regardless of the level of development of RIS of the countries. Even the articles representing an international research collaboration do not always have a higher impact than single-authored articles; (1) there is no statistically significant difference between the citation impact of articles published in collaboration between scientists from countries considered strong innovators and modest innovators and the citation impact of single-authored articles of scientists from countries considered strong innovators; and (2) articles published by scientists from countries considered innovation leaders in collaboration with scientists from countries considered modest innovators have a lower impact than single-authored articles published by scientists from countries considered innovation leaders. In general, collaboration between scientists from countries with a well-developed RIS and those with a less developed RIS results in articles with a lower citation impact than articles with DRC originating from scientists from countries with a well-developed RIS and higher than articles with DRC originating from scientists from countries with a less developed RIS.
How Endogenous System Bias Can Distort Decision-Making in Criminal Justice Systems
Authors: Pierce Glenn , Rodriquez-Whitney Eric , Drakulich Kevin , Shatz Steven , Radelet Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost judicial, regulatory, and administrative systems, at least formally, are concerned with the fairness and transparency of their decisions concerning the public. Fairness and transparency of criminal justice operations are critical to creating trust in the legal system and assuring people that the larger social system is legitimate and worthy of support. However, deviations from objective and fair decision-making can be concealed when key actors who are responsible for deciding outcomes in their organizations are also responsible for collecting, assembling, evaluating, and presenting the information on which their decisions are based. Under these conditions such systems are at risk of what we term “endogenous system bias,” where data are acquired and altered in ways to justify desired outcomes that are neither fair nor transparent. The purpose of this paper is to: (1) develop a general model of decision-making constraints that can produce endogenous system bias, (2) review research on endogenous system bias at two key decision stages in one institution: the criminal justice system and (3) conduct an empirical examination of the potential effect of endogenous system bias on law enforcement investigations and prosecutorial charging in a sample of criminal homicide cases in the USA. Implications for law, policy, and social scientific methodology are discussed.
The Europa Clipper Gravity and Radio Science Investigation
Authors: Mazarico Erwan , Buccino Dustin , Castillo-Rogez Julie , Dombard Andrew J. , Genova Antonio , Hussmann Hauke , Kiefer Walter S. , Lunine Jonathan I. , McKinnon William B. , Nimmo Francis , Park Ryan S. , Roberts James H. , Srinivasan Dipak K. , Steinbrügge Gregor , Tortora Paolo , Withers Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe primary objective of the Europa Clipper mission is to assess the habitability of Europa, an overarching goal that rests on improving our understanding of Europa’s interior structure, composition, and geologic activity. Here we describe the Gravity and Radio Science (G/RS) investigation. The primary measurement, the gravitational tidal Love number $k_{2}$

k
2

, will be an independent diagnostic of the presence of a global subsurface ocean, but G/RS will make a number of other key measurements related to Europa’s deep interior, silicate mantle-ocean interface, ice shell, ionosphere, and plasma environment. Although radio science is common to many missions, Europa Clipper’s orbit and spacecraft configuration during flybys present special challenges for the design of this experiment. The information obtained through G/RS will be complementary to the measurements by the other instruments onboard Europa Clipper, and their combined analysis will refine the geophysical understanding of Europa necessary to best assess its potential habitability.
Toy models, dispositions, and the power to explain
Authors: Verreault-Julien Philippe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo recent contributions have discussed, and disagreed, over whether so-called toy models that attempt to represent dispositions have the power to explain. In this paper, I argue that neither of these positions is completely correct. Toy models may accurately represent, satisfy the veridicality condition, yet fail to provide how-actually explanations. This is because some dispositions remain unmanifested. Instead, the models provide how-possibly explanations; they possibly explain.
Factors influencing the establishment of vascular plants at Sphagnum cultivation sites
Authors: Grobe Amanda , Rode Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSphagnum cultivation is a type of paludiculture and a way to use formerly drained peatlands productively but under wet and therefore climate-friendly conditions. Where Sphagnum mosses are cultivated other plant species will also establish and possibly compete with the Sphagnum. The aim of this study was to determine which factors influence vascular plant cover as well as plant species numbers at Sphagnum cultivation sites and to derive recommendations for their management. Two cultivation sites were studied in northwest Germany. One of these was established directly after peat extraction while the other was rewetted seven years prior to establishment. Irrigation ditches for water management were installed at both sites. The cover of vascular plants and the number of plant species present were determined in systematically positioned plots. Six variables were tested for their influence on the assessed data by applying boosted regression tree models. The main factors influencing vascular plant cover at the two Sphagnum cultivation sites were the distance to an irrigation ditch (m), the site (location) and Sphagnum cover (%). The number of species per plot was influenced mainly by Sphagnum cover (%), the distance to an irrigation ditch (m) and the donor species used for initiating the cultivation sites. A sufficient supply of nutrient-poor water and optimal Sphagnum growth can reduce vascular plant cover and the number of plant species potentially present at a site. Insufficient water distribution and uneven Sphagnum establishment lead to inhomogeneous site conditions and thus to a higher number of plant species. The number and cover of plant species at a cultivation site are influenced by the vegetation of the sites’ surroundings and the selection of the donor site.