bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio‐temporal distributions of accumulated charge density in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Akashi Haruaki , Yoshinaga Tomokazu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe effect of the secondary electron emission coefficient on accumulated charge density distributions in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges have been simulated using two‐dimensional fluid model. Spatio‐temporal distributions of accumulated charge density on each side of the dielectric have been examined. The differences of conventional waveforms of accumulated charge density and the simulated results were clarified. And when the dielectrics were negatively accumulated, charges were uniformly accumulated, while positive charges were not. Randomness of streamers' occurrence, and self‐organized structures have been also examined by the accumulated charge distributions.
A pathogenic nonsense mutation (c.1522C>T) of the MYBPC3 gene is implicated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ni Erru , Wang Tao , Zhang Xuan , Xie Huabin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetically and clinically heterogeneous cardiomyopathy, is commonly caused by mutations in the MYBPC3 gene or other various sarcomeric genes. HCM patients carrying sarcomeric gene mutations may experience an asymptomatic period at early stage but still possess an escalating risk of developing adverse cardiac events including sudden cardiac death. It is crucial to determine the phenotypic and pathogenic effects of mutations in sarcomeric genes. In this study, a 65‐year‐old male was admitted with a history of chest pain, dyspnoea, and syncope and with a family history of HCM and sudden cardiac death. On admission, electrocardiogram indicated atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed left ventricular concentric hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction (48%), which were ascertained by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. With late gadolinium‐enhancement imaging, cardiovascular magnetic resonance found myocardial fibrosis on left ventricular wall. The exercise stress echocardiography test showed non‐obstructive myocardial changes. Whole‐exome sequencing analysis identified a MYBPC3 gene heterozygous nonsense variant (c.1522C>T) in the patient and one of his healthy grandnieces (18‐year‐old). The patient was diagnosed with non‐obstructive HCM, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and so on. Medications, ICD implantation, and catheter ablation were chosen to maintain heart function. Our study provides the clinical evidence regarding the HCM pathogenicity of MYBPC3 c.1522C>T variant and highlights the significance of family genetic testing in the diagnosis and management of HCM.
Mechanistic Insights into the Synthesis of [Rh(acac)(CO)(NHC)] (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene) Complexes Using a Weak Base
Authors: Guillet Sébastien G. , Ibni Hashim Ishfaq , Beliš Marek , Van Hecke Kristof , Cazin Catherine S. J. , Nolan Steven. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA simple synthetic method to access a wide range of [Rh(acac)(CO)(NHC)] complexes is described. In situ infra‐red monitoring provides insights into the mechanism of the reaction, including the identification of a key intermediate. An understanding of the reaction mechanism leads to the discovery of novel pathways to commonly used congeners.
Nonlinear estimator‐based state of charge estimation for lithium titanate oxide battery in energy storage systems
Authors: Muratoğlu Yusuf , Alkaya Alkan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFuel savings, energy savings, and reduction of CO2 emissions are the key requirements in electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EVs and HEVs). These requirements are achieved through the usage of start‐stop systems, high‐rate energy boost during acceleration, and recovery of the energy during braking. Unfortunately, the commonly used lithium‐ion batteries are not a sufficient solution, although their performance is enhanced by supercapacitors. This hybrid system used is only a temporary solution. Therefore, lithium‐titanate‐oxide batteries (Li4Ti5O12—LTO), show high‐rate discharging and charging performance, high power capability, excellent cycle life, and improved cycle stability at wide‐rate temperatures and current rates are promising candidates for HEV and EV applications. There is a need to monitor the state of charge (SoC) for the reliability, performance, and safety of LTO batteries with the help of a battery management system. However, the conventional SoC estimation methods, such as open circuit voltage, Coulomb counting, artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, and linear Kalman filter algorithm become insufficient. In this paper, a new nonlinear approach for the SoC estimation of an LTO battery is presented. The approach combines the static battery model and the sigma point Kalman filter (SPKF) algorithm while adapting to both constant load and dynamic load. The results show that the SPKF algorithm successfully estimated the SoC of the LTO battery under various initial SoC initialization values. It is also supported by various metric errors calculated.
The fabric of Torre d'en Galmés, Menorca, Spain
Authors: Goldberg Paul , Pérez‐Juez Amalia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe term fabric has a variety of meanings, particularly in geology and archaeology. In the former case, it can encapsulate the three‐dimensional arrangement of particles and voids, including organizational aspects such as bedding. In archaeology, it can also refer to positions of sites on a landscape or the structure and geometry of, say, buildings within a site; it can also refer to the infillings within individual structures. In this study, we illustrate the concept of fabric with the site of Torre d'en Galmés on the Spanish Island of Menorca to show that in fact fabrics exist at a variety of scales from the geological fabric of the Island, down to the fabrics of the sedimentary infills between and within buildings and spaces. We show that by examining the fabrics at different scales on Menorca, we can gain a more complete and integrative understanding of the geoarchaeology at this location, rather than simply investigating individual aspects as is more typical in geoarchaeology and archaeology.
Clinical outcomes following intraoperative pedicle disruption in fibula free flaps
Authors: Jelmini Jonathan , Slijepcevic Allison A. , Patel Urjeet , Sweeny Larissa , Pipkorn Patrik , Ducic Yadro , Moe Justine , Pittman Amy , Rajasekaran Karthik , Diaz Jason , Thomas Carissa , Byrne Patrick , Rich Jason , Tamaki Akina , Puscas Liana , Petrisor Daniel , Wax Mark K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesIatrogenic injury of the fibula free flap pedicle is rare. Postoperative flap survival and reconstructive outcomes following intraoperative pedicle severance are unknown. This study assesses free flap outcomes following accidental severance of the peroneal vessels.MethodsMulti‐institutional retrospective chart review from 2000 to 2020.ResultsOf 2975 harvested fibula free flaps, 26 had a history of pedicle severance during surgical reconstruction. Reasons for intraoperative pedicle severance included transection during muscular dissection 10/26 (39%), accidental severance with the bone saw 12/26 (46%), and other 4/26 (15.6%). The surgeon responsible for pedicle severance included residents 5/26 (19%), fellows 10/26 (39%), attendings 10/26 (39%), and unknown 1/26 (3.9%). The pedicle artery and vein were severed 10/26 (39%), artery 8/26 (31%), and vein 8/26 (31%). Truncated pedicle vessels were used 3/26 (11.7%), intraoperative anastomoses were performed 23/26 (89%). Postoperative revision in the OR within 7 days of surgery was required 6/26 (23%); 4 flaps were salvaged and 2 flaps failed, both arterial thrombosis. Flap failure was attributed to vascular thrombosis. Long‐term flap survival and successful reconstructions were reported 24/26 (92%).ConclusionAccidental severance of fibula free flap pedicle vessels can be corrected with intraoperative repair, without affecting long‐term flap survival or reconstructive outcomes. Protecting the flap vessels while using the bone saw and during intramuscular dissection prevents accidental severance.
Blaming yourself, your partner, or an unexpected event: Attribution biases and trust in a physical coordination task
Authors: Hsiung Chi‐Ping , León Gabriel A. , Stinson David , Chiou Erin K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs robots enabled by artificial intelligence become more agentic, people may come to develop trust schemas based on a robot's actions and attribute blame to the robot as they would with a human partner. Trust and blame have yet to be investigated during dynamic physical coordination tasks despite the potential ramifications for manufacturing and service industries that could benefit from effective human–robot physical coordination. In anticipation of future human–robot work configurations, we developed a joint physical coordination task as a preliminary test environment for understanding trust and blame in a work partner. Fifty‐five participants were asked to jointly balance and transport a weighted box along a fixed path, and we used this test environment to evaluate the impact of a surprising event on trust in a work partner, and attribution of blame following a negative performance outcome. Results indicate that the group who experienced a surprising event compared to the group who did not trusted their partner more, but there was no difference in the attribution of blame to themselves, their partner, or to the surprising event. Conversely, the group who did not experience a surprising event tended to blame themselves for the negative outcome. These findings suggest that environmental uncertainty may prompt people's attribution of blame across multiple parties, including themselves. Moreover, people may build trust in work partners through the shared experience of surprising events. Future work would benefit from adopting our study design to investigate whether these findings are extendable to human–robot joint actors.
The application of a system‐based risk management framework and social network analysis to the Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship system: Who are the decision‐makers in the wider system?
Authors: Lynch Kirsty M. , Banks Victoria A. , Roberts Aaron P. J. , Downes Jon , Radcliffe Stewart , Plant Katherine L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) currently have no formal regulations developed specifically for their operation, as their regulatory framework is still under development. Rasmussen's Risk Management Framework has been used to develop an actor map of the current MASS system in the UK, to show who the actors, decision‐makers, and planners are within the wider sociotechnical system and the level at which they sit. From the actor map, two social networks were created, one to show the connections that currently exist between the actors within the MASS system and another to show what a future MASS system could look like if regulations and standards were put in place for MASS. Social Network Analysis was then used to investigate the wider MASS system's dynamics, to understand which actors currently have a high degree of influence within the UK MASS system, and where the shortfalls are in the current MASS system. The analysis showed that the industry and end user levels lacked support from the higher system levels, and the addition of formal regulations and standards in the future MASS system would increase the MASS system's resilience. System recommendations for each level in the Risk Management Framework were then made to suggest ways to increase the influence of the regulators and promote the safe operation of MASS.
Salivary cortisol as a marker for assessing the problem‐focused coping style of stressed students during the first year of university: An experimental study
Authors: Nagane Mitsuo , Oyama Yoshinori , Tamalu Fuminobu , Miwa Naofumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsFirst‐year students encounter substantial stress when they enter university. Their mental health often depends upon how well they cope with the stress of university life. Salivary components are well known to reflect the stress status of the students; however, the relationship between salivary components and coping styles remains unknown.MethodsIn this study, 54 healthy first‐year students voluntarily completed a questionnaire that addressed three different coping styles: problem‐focused, emotion‐focused, and escape‐focused. We simultaneously collected salivary samples from students in the classroom and measured concentrations of salivary cortisol and α‐amylase by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays over 4 months.ResultsWe examined the relationship between coping style and salivary cortisol concentrations and found that the mean salivary cortisol concentrations were significantly lower in students who had a higher Likert‐type score for the problem‐focused coping style than in students who had a lower score. The difference in the mean cortisol concentrations between the two groups increased over time. However, we observed no apparent correlation between α‐amylase concentrations and Likert scores of the three coping styles.ConclusionThese results suggest that salivary cortisol concentrations might reflect the stress‐coping status, particularly involving the problem‐focused coping style.
Does investor sentiment create value for asset pricing? An empirical investigation of the KOSPI‐listed firms
Authors: Bouteska Ahmed , Sharif Taimur , Abedin Mohammad Zoynul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes the development of an improved investor sentiment index (ISI) to apply on the Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) and assess the vitality of sentiment‐based factor for explaining critical equity market anomalies in asset pricing in Korea. We follow the methodology of Huang et al. (2015), the align sentiment index, and employ the partial least squares method to overcome the drawbacks of the pioneering BM index of Baker and Wurgler (2006, 2007). Based on the daily trading and price data for individual companies from 2006 to 2021, we construct a novel ISI, which has robust predicting ability for the aggregate stock market return, in comparison to other popular measures of sentiment in the contemporary finance literature. Furthermore, the sentiment‐based factor in this paper captures the small firm effect that the asset pricing modelling, containing the more topical Fama–French five factor modelling (5F‐FF), has struggled to illuminate completely. Given that our results have shown Korean stock market as fairly well‐organised in terms of the availability of the market intelligence, we speculate our results to have important managerial implications for financial regulators in Korea and countries holding similar economic features.
Farmers' reactions to the US–China trade war: Perceptions versus behaviors
Authors: Li Minghao , He Xi , Zhang Wendong , Qu Shuyang , Rodriguez Lulu , Gbeda James M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examines how the political alignments of Midwestern farmers, proxied by their consumption of partisan media, affect their perceptions of and responses to the US–China trade war. Our results indicate that farmers who consume conservative media perceive a lower income loss resulting from the trade war and view the Market Facilitation Program (MFP) as more helpful. Conversely, farmers who consume liberal media have the opposite perception biases. We found no evidence of any association between partisan media consumption and planting and risk management decisions. Overall, partisan bias exists despite financial interest at stake but does not affect behaviors.
A pilot study of on‐site evaluation as external quality assessment for ISO 15189 accreditation of laboratories performing next‐generation sequencing oncology tests
Authors: Ravzanaadii Mendamar , Asai Satomi , Kakizoe Hidefumi , Natsagdorj Munkh‐Erdene , Miyachi Hayato 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs next‐generation sequencing (NGS) oncology tests vary by platform, application, and target of genes, specific methods for external quality assessment (EQA) have not been universally applied. Hence, we have attempted to implement on‐site evaluation as EQA in the accreditation program under ISO 15189 for laboratories that perform NGS oncology tests.MethodsA total of 10 laboratories that performed NGS oncology tests were enrolled. Two types of EQA samples were prepared (Acrometrix Oncology Hotspot Control DNA and OncoSpan gDNA DNA samples), and the variant allele frequency of targeted genes was assigned. The samples were subjected to NGS oncology tests in participant laboratories according to their routine protocols. Based on the result reports, auditors visited the participant laboratories to perform on‐site evaluations and provided feedback regarding possible laboratory process improvement.ResultsThe participant laboratories identified the targeted variants in the Acrometrix Oncology Hotspot Control DNA and OncoSpan gDNA samples with a success rate of 31–100% and 9.5–100%, respectively, compared with reference information, depending on their sequencing systems, and reported a few lower‐variant allele frequencies. Six of the eight evaluated laboratories failed to report at least three pathogenic variants due to errors in wet‐lab and/or dry‐lab processes. Based on the feedback reports and self‐assessment, auditors and laboratory staff discussed potential improvements to processes during on‐site evaluations for laboratory accreditations.ConclusionsOn‐site evaluation as EQA for NGS oncology tests in the laboratory accreditation program under ISO 15189 was successfully implemented and proved applicable to a broad spectrum of NGS tests.
A decade of grassroots pathway programming: Saturday Academy at New York University College of Dentistry
Authors: Pezzullo Cheryline , Mejia Eugenia E. , Burns Lorel E. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSuccessful pathway programs require early and sustained support of student participants.PurposeWe present the history and outcomes of a successful decade of continuous, grassroots, pathway programming at an individual dental institution.MethodsProgrammatic data were used to evaluate information on program participant demographics, academic pursuits, and career interests. Descriptive analyses were used to report on program enrollment as well as alumni academic and career outcomes.ResultsBetween the years of 2013 and 2022, 346 high‐school students participated in Saturday Academy at NYU Dentistry. Of the 240 college‐aged and older program alumni, 72% (n = 172) have shared their academic and career plans after high‐school. At the time of publication, 78% (134/172) of alumni that have maintained contact with Saturday Academy and have expressed interest in pursuing a career in the health professions. Of the 172 alumni, 14% (n = 24) have enrolled in or graduated from a health professional program (dental hygiene, nursing, accelerated dental or medical program, dental or medical school, or other health professional program). Of these alumni (24/172), half (n = 12) have pursued education in the dental professions, specifically.ConclusionSaturday Academy at NYU Dentistry is an example of a sustainable and impactful pathway program in dental education and its outcomes support the merit of calls for increased institutional commitment and support of similar initiatives.
Comparative spatial transcriptomic profiling of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Delta and Omicron variants infections in the lungs of cynomolgus macaques
Authors: Oh Taehwan , Kim Green , Baek Seung Ho , Woo YoungMin , Koo Bon‐Sang , Hwang Eun‐Ha , Shim Kyuyoung , An You Jung , Kim Yujin , Park Jae‐Hak , Hong Jung Joo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecently emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Omicron variants are generally less pathogenic than previous strains. However, elucidating the molecular basis for pulmonary immune response alterations is challenging owing to the virus's heterogeneous distribution within complex tissue structure. Here, we revealed the spatial transcriptomic profiles of pulmonary microstructures at the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection site in the nine cynomolgus macaques upon inoculation with the Delta and Omicron variants. Delta‐ and Omicron‐infected lungs had upregulation of genes involved in inflammation, cytokine response, complement, cell damage, proliferation, and differentiation pathways. Depending on the tissue microstructures (alveoli, bronchioles, and blood vessels), there were differences in the types of significantly upregulated genes in each pathway. Notably, a limited number of genes involved in cytokine and cell damage response were differentially expressed between bronchioles of the Delta‐ and Omicron‐infection groups. These results indicated that despite a significant antigenic shift in SARS‐CoV‐2, the host immune response mechanisms induced by the variants were relatively consistent, with limited transcriptional alterations observed only in large airways. This study may aid in understanding the pathogenesis of SARS‐CoV‐2 and developing a clinical strategy for addressing immune dysregulation by identifying potential transcriptional biomarkers within pulmonary microstructures during infection with emerging variants.
Moderation and mediation of land use change! Interplay between β‐diversity and landscape structures in agri‐ and silvicultural modified grasslands of South America
Authors: Ramírez Leonardo R. , Säumel Ina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough land use change is the main driver of biodiversity decline in the South American temperate grasslands, its impacts on β‐diversity have not yet been evaluated. We investigated relationships between β‐diversity, landscape features, and geographical variables by surveying vegetation from 163 plots distributed in eight different land use types in Uruguay. We created land use maps using Landsat images and calculated landscape metrics, determining β‐diversity across all plots and exploring variation of β‐diversity among different land use types. We ran distance decay models to explore relationships between β‐diversity and geographical location, climate, and landscape metrics. Plant species communities were characterized by a high turnover and low nestedness of species, indicating high dissimilarity across Uruguay. Native forest showed higher β‐diversity than grassland, timber plantation, and crops. β‐diversity increased with geographical distance and environmental dissimilarity. At landscape scale, turnover decreased negatively and nestedness increased to contagion, number of patches, and area‐weighted mean. Nestedness increased with timber plantation and species turnover with crop area. Higher Landscape Shape Index of grassland and crops decreased species turnover. An increase of grassland and crop patches in the surrounding landscape was directly related to a higher species turnover. The high β‐diversity across Uruguay resulting from land use change, moderated by landscape configurations, suggests that numerous protected areas for different habitats are urgently required. A more inclusive vision on biodiversity conservation is necessary, extending the predominant focus from native forests to grasslands, and convincing a broad range of stakeholders, especially landowners and managers, about biodiversity‐friendly land‐use approaches.