bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The sacrifice of the Holy Christ in an unholy world
Authors: Sonderegger Katherine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn much modern christology, the notion of the incommensurate governs the relation of divine to human in Jesus Christ. In christologies influenced by Austin Farrer, and more distantly, by Nicholas of Cusa, the incommensurability of the infinite to the finite makes the idiom of paradox congenial, even necessary. Such demanding and unrelenting emphasis upon diastasis echoes a more ancient preoccupation with holiness in a fallen and unholy world. In Israel's scriptures, and in their lasting influence in the patristic era, the transcendent holiness of God threatens to prohibit the presence of the Holy One in the midst of unholy people. A record of this threat can be seen in the alien, fragmentary and unrecognisable Gospel portraits of the holy Christ to a sinful world. Yet the doctrine of the incarnation demands a divine presence to sinners and a sinful cosmos, a ‘making flesh’ as well as an ‘assuming flesh’. The concept and practice of sacrifice is proposed as a form of relation between deity and humanity such that the holy Christ can dwell and abide in an unholy world.
Cognitive pragmatics: Insights from homesign conversations
Authors: de Vos Connie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Homesign is a visual–gestural form of communication that emerges between deaf individuals and their hearing interlocutors in the absence of a conventional sign language. I argue here that homesign conversations form a perfect testcase to study the extent to which pragmatic competence is foundational rather than derived from our linguistic abilities.
Interventions for Caregivers of Older Adults with Dementia Living in the Community: A Rapid Review of Reviews
Authors: Huggins Madison , Pesut Barbara , Puurveen Gloria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis rapid review of systematic reviews examines non-professional interventions that have been implemented to support family caregivers of older adults with dementia who are living in the community. There is a robust body of empirical literature examining such interventions for family caregivers; therefore, this rapid review includes only systematic reviews. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases were searched from September 2020 to December 2020, and 19 systematic reviews were selected for a full review. Psychosocial, psychoeducational, social support, and multicomponent interventions consistently show positive impacts on a variety of outcomes. The evidence suggests that multicomponent interventions that are tailored to the needs of individual caregivers are the most impactful interventions and should be utilized in future program development. The most effective combination of interventions is unknown and warrants further investigation. However, the repeated success of psychoeducational, psychosocial, and social support interventions suggests that when used together, they may be a successful combination that contributes to positive impacts on caregivers. This multicomponent intervention should be flexible, as interventions are most effective when they are tailored to the individual needs of caregivers and adapted over time as the needs of the caregiver and person living with dementia change with disease progression.
Characteristics of patients with SARS-COV-2 PCR re-positivity after recovering from COVID-19
Authors: Hu Cheng-Yi , Lei Yi , Tang Yu-Wen , Cui Wen-Shuai , Wu Pei-Lian , Li Yan-Fang , Zhou Yan , Li Xin-Yan , Cui Hao , Xiao Lu-Shan , Zhao Zhu-Xiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinical characteristics of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) PCR re-positivity after recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients (n = 1391) from Guangzhou, China, who had recovered from COVID-19 were recruited between 7 September 2021 and 11 March 2022. Data on epidemiology, symptoms, laboratory test results and treatment were analysed. In this study, 42.7% of recovered patients had re-positive result. Most re-positive patients were asymptomatic, did not have severe comorbidities, and were not contagious. The re-positivity rate was 39%, 46%, 11% and 25% in patients who had received inactivated, mRNA, adenovirus vector and recombinant subunit vaccines, respectively. Seven independent risk factors for testing re-positive were identified, and a predictive model was constructed using these variables. The predictors of re-positivity were COVID-19 vaccination status, previous SARs-CoV-12 infection prior to the most recent episode, renal function, SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibody levels and white blood cell count. The predictive model could benefit the control of the spread of COVID-19.
Faux ami?Interrogating the normative coherence of ‘digital constitutionalism’
Authors: Costello Róisín Á 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article interrogates the normative coherence of the label of ‘digital constitutionalism’. In particular, I argue that the use of the label ‘constitutionalism’ in digital contexts often conflates the practical realities of existing contractual governance models with the superficial appeal of constitutional structures. As a result, the label is misleading in both normative and qualitative terms as it obscures the true nature of the governance architectures to which it is applied, which are more appropriately understood as implementing a distinct genre of ‘private policy’.
Evidence of H+‐Band EMIC Waves in the Inner Radiation Belt Observed by Van Allen Probes During Magnetic Storms
Authors: He Zhaohai , Xu Jiyao , Wang Chi , Dai Lei , Ni Binbin , Roth Ilan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElectromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play an important role in the losses of ring current ions and outer radiation belt relativistic electrons. While EMIC waves have been reported to occur frequently in the outer belt and slot region, there is little information about the occurrence of EMIC waves in the inner radiation belt. On basis of the magnetometer observations from Van Allen Probes, we analyze two representative events of H+‐band EMIC waves that occurred in the inner zone on December 21 and June 22, 2015. We find that these waves occurred synchronously accompanying with 5–35 keV proton dispersive injections at the dawn and night sectors. During the periods of EMIC waves, the perpendicular temperature of injected protons increased, while the corresponding parallel component decreased. By analyzing the relation between the temperature anisotropy and parallel plasma beta for the two cases, we suggest that the evident enhancements of the temperature anisotropy (T⊥/T∥) of 5–35 keV protons may provide the energy source to excite the H+‐band EMIC waves. A total of 16 left‐hand H+‐band EMIC wave events have been found in the inner radiation belt during the 4‐year (2013–2016) interval and all occur during magnetic storms. The statistical results implicated that left‐hand H+‐band EMIC waves in the inner radiation belt is associated with storm‐time ion injections.
Influence of Time‐Varying Atmospheric Channel on Time Reversal Spatial Power Combination of Sparse Array on Ground
Authors: Du Yunlong , He Junlong , Zhao Deshuang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe spatial power combination based on the time reversal (TR) technique is severely affected by the time‐varying characteristics of channels. In this paper, a mathematical model of TR power combination in the slowly time‐varying atmospheric channel and the concept of channel time‐varying factor are proposed to study the feasibility of this technique for spatial power combination in incompletely reciprocal channels. Combining the theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations, we analyze the relationship between the power combination efficiency and the permittivity of the time‐varying atmospheric channel, which follows a normal distribution. The results indicate that the power combination efficiency of the TR technique will be lower than that of the completely reciprocal channel if the atmospheric channel is slowly varied, and the faster the channel changes, the lower the efficiency becomes. In order to keep the power combination efficiency above 50%, the channel time‐varying factor needs to be less than about 54.3% of the signal period. And when it takes more than 90%, the signals radiated by each antenna have been completely incoherent at target point. Different from the short‐distance power combination, when the target point is far away and at a high altitude, the time‐variability of the atmosphere over such a huge area is not negligible, so the power combination efficiency will be also severely affected. The mathematical model and results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for further research of long‐distance spatial power combination based on the TR technology and error estimation in related engineering design.
Identification and characterization of the long non-coding RNA NFIA-AS2 as a novel locus for body mass index in American Indians
Authors: Bandesh Khushdeep , Traurig Michael , Chen Peng , Hsueh Wen-Chi , Hanson Robert L. , Piaggi Paolo , Baier Leslie J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Genome-wide association studies have shown that body mass index (BMI), an estimate of obesity, is highly polygenic. Individual variants typically have small effect sizes, making it challenging to identify unique loci in under-represented ethnic groups which lack statistical power due to their small sample size. Yet obesity is a major health disparity and is particularly prevalent in southwestern American Indians. Here, we identify and characterize a new locus for BMI that was detected by analyzing moderate associations with BMI obtained in a population-based sample of southwestern American Indians together with the well-powered GIANT dataset.

Methods
Genotypes for 10.5 million variants were tested for association with BMI in 5870 American Indians and 2600 variants that showed an association P < 10−3 in the American Indian sample were combined in a meta-analysis with the BMI data reported in GIANT (N = 240,608). The newly identified gene, NFIA-AS2 was functionally characterized, and the impact of its lead associated variant rs1777538 was studied both in-silico and in-vitro.

Results
Rs1777538 (T/C; C allele frequency = 0.16 in American Indians and 0.04 in GIANT, meta-analysis P = 5.0 × 10−7) exhibited a large effect in American Indians (1 kg/m2 decrease in BMI per copy of C allele). NFIA-AS2 was found to be a nuclear localized long non-coding RNA expressed in tissues pertinent to human obesity. Analysis of this variant in human brown preadipocytes showed that NFIA-AS2 transcripts carrying the C allele had increased RNA degradation compared to the T allele transcripts (half-lives = 9 h, 13 h respectively). During brown adipogenesis, NFIA-AS2 featured a stage-specific regulation of nearby gene expression where rs1777538 demonstrated an allelic difference in regulation in the mature adipocytes (the strongest difference was observed for L1TD1, P = 0.007).

Conclusion
Our findings support a role for NFIA-AS2 in regulating pathways that impact BMI.
Formation of sub-100-nm suspended nanowires with various materials using thermally adjusted electrospun nanofibers as templates
Authors: Oh Yongkeun , Kwon Dae-Sung , Jo Eunhwan , Kang Yunsung , Sim Sangjun , Kim Jongbaeg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe air suspension and location specification properties of nanowires are crucial factors for optimizing nanowires in electronic devices and suppressing undesirable interactions with substrates. Although various strategies have been proposed to fabricate suspended nanowires, placing a nanowire in desired microstructures without material constraints or high-temperature processes remains a challenge. In this study, suspended nanowires were formed using a thermally aggregated electrospun polymer as a template. An elaborately designed microstructure enables an electrospun fiber template to be formed at the desired location during thermal treatment. Moreover, the desired thickness of the nanowires is easily controlled with the electrospun fiber templates, resulting in the parallel formation of suspended nanowires that are less than 100 nm thick. Furthermore, this approach facilitates the formation of suspended nanowires with various materials. This is accomplished by evaporating various materials onto the electrospun fiber template and by removing the template. Palladium, copper, tungsten oxide (WO3), and tin oxide nanowires are formed as examples to demonstrate the advantage of this approach in terms of nanowire material selection. Hydrogen (H2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensors comprising palladium and tungsten oxide, respectively, are demonstrated as exemplary devices of the proposed method.
Systemic kappa opioid receptor antagonism accelerates reinforcement learning via augmentation of novelty processing in male mice
Authors: Farahbakhsh Zahra Z. , Song Keaton , Branthwaite Hannah E. , Erickson Kirsty R. , Mukerjee Snigdha , Nolan Suzanne O. , Siciliano Cody A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSelective inhibition of kappa opioid receptors (KORs) is highly anticipated as a pharmacotherapeutic intervention for substance use disorders and depression. The accepted explanation for KOR antagonist-induced amelioration of aberrant behaviors posits that KORs globally function as a negative valence system; antagonism thereby blunts the behavioral influence of negative internal states such as anhedonia and negative affect. While effects of systemic KOR manipulations have been widely reproduced, explicit evaluation of negative valence as an explanatory construct is lacking. Here, we tested a series of falsifiable hypotheses generated a priori based on the negative valence model by pairing reinforcement learning tasks with systemic pharmacological KOR blockade in male C57BL/6J mice. The negative valence model failed to predict multiple experimental outcomes: KOR blockade accelerated contingency learning during both positive and negative reinforcement without altering innate responses to appetitive or aversive stimuli. We next proposed novelty processing, which influences learning independent of valence, as an alternative explanatory construct. Hypotheses based on novelty processing predicted subsequent observations: KOR blockade increased exploration of a novel, but not habituated, environment and augmented the reinforcing efficacy of novel visual stimuli in a sensory reinforcement task. Together, these results revise and extend long-standing theories of KOR system function.
Genomic ALK alterations in primary and relapsed neuroblastoma
Authors: Rosswog Carolina , Fassunke Jana , Ernst Angela , Schömig-Markiefka Birgid , Merkelbach-Bruse Sabine , Bartenhagen Christoph , Cartolano Maria , Ackermann Sandra , Theissen Jessica , Blattner-Johnson Mirjam , Jones Barbara , Schramm Kathrin , Altmüller Janine , Nürnberg Peter , Ortmann Monika , Berthold Frank , Peifer Martin , Büttner Reinhard , Westermann Frank , Schulte Johannes H. , Simon Thorsten , Hero Barbara , Fischer Matthias 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Genomic alterations of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) occur recurrently in neuroblastoma, a pediatric malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system. However, information on their development over time has remained sparse.

Methods
ALK alterations were assessed in neuroblastomas at diagnosis and/or relapse from a total of 943 patients, covering all stages of disease. Longitudinal information on diagnostic and relapsed samples from individual patients was available in 101 and 102 cases for mutation and amplification status, respectively.

Results
At diagnosis, ALK point mutations occurred in 10.5% of all cases, with highest frequencies in stage 4 patients <18 months. At relapse, ALK alteration frequency increased by 70%, both in high-risk and non-high-risk cases. The increase was most likely due to de novo mutations, frequently leading to R1275Q substitutions, which are sensitive to pharmacological ALK inhibition. By contrast, the frequency of ALK amplifications did not change over the course of the disease. ALK amplifications, but not mutations, were associated with poor patient outcome.

Conclusions
The considerably increased frequency of ALK mutations at relapse and their high prevalence in young stage 4 patients suggest surveying the genomic ALK status regularly in these patient cohorts, and to evaluate ALK-targeted treatment also in intermediate-risk patients.
Selection, recombination and population history effects on runs of homozygosity (ROH) in wild red deer (Cervus elaphus)
Authors: Hewett Anna M. , Stoffel Martin A. , Peters Lucy , Johnston Susan E. , Pemberton Josephine M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROH) may be shaped by a number of interacting processes such as selection, recombination and population history, but little is known about the importance of these mechanisms in shaping ROH in wild populations. We combined an empirical dataset of >3000 red deer genotyped at >35,000 genome-wide autosomal SNPs and evolutionary simulations to investigate the influence of each of these factors on ROH. We assessed ROH in a focal and comparison population to investigate the effect of population history. We investigated the role of recombination using both a physical map and a genetic linkage map to search for ROH. We found differences in ROH distribution between both populations and map types indicating that population history and local recombination rate have an effect on ROH. Finally, we ran forward genetic simulations with varying population histories, recombination rates and levels of selection, allowing us to further interpret our empirical data. These simulations showed that population history has a greater effect on ROH distribution than either recombination or selection. We further show that selection can cause genomic regions where ROH is common, only when the effective population size (Ne) is large or selection is particularly strong. In populations having undergone a population bottleneck, genetic drift can outweigh the effect of selection. Overall, we conclude that in this population, genetic drift resulting from a historical population bottleneck is most likely to have resulted in the observed ROH distribution, with selection possibly playing a minor role.
Transportation of dislocation plasticity in a dual-phase TiMo alloy
Authors: Men Jinghui , Fu Xiaoqian , Yu Qian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the coordinated deformation of multiple phases under applied stress is crucial for the structural design of dual-phase or multiphase advanced alloys. In this study, in-situ transmission electron microscope tensile tests were performed to investigate the dislocation behaviors and the transportation of dislocation plasticity during the deformation of a dual-phase Ti-10(wt.%) Mo alloy having hexagonal close-packed α phase and body-centered cubic β phase. We demonstrated that the dislocation plasticity preferred to transmit from alpha to alpha phase along the longitudinal axis of each plate, regardless of where dislocations were formed. The intersections of different α plates provided local stress concentration that facilitated the initiation of dislocation activities from there. Dislocations then migrated along the longitudinal axis of α plates and carried dislocation plasticity from one plate to another through these intersections as well. Since the α plates distributed in various orientations, dislocation slips occurred in multiple directions, which is beneficial for uniform plastic deformation of the material. Our micropillar mechanical testing further quantitatively demonstrated that the distribution of α plates and the α–α plates’ intersections plays important role in tuning the mechanical properties of the material.
Muscle Power in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease:
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pancera Simone , Lopomo Nicola Francesco , Buraschi Riccardo , Pollet Joel , Pedersini Paolo , Lazzarini Stefano Giuseppe , Bianchi Luca Nicola Cesare 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to review the impact of training on muscle power in patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Randomized controlled trials
evaluating the effects of exercise-based interventions on limbs muscle power and
rate of force development in COPD patients were investigated. Five international
databases were searched until October 2022. Meta-analyses were performed
calculating the mean difference or standardized mean difference. Risk of bias in
studies was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. A total of nine
studies were included in the analysis. There were concerns about risk of bias in
seven out of nine studies. Comparison of exercising and non-exercising groups
showed a significant effect of exercise in improving muscle power
(P=0.0004) and rate of force development (P<0.001), in five and
three trials, respectively. Four studies comparing different trainings showed no
significant results on muscle power (P=0.45). Eight to 16 weeks of
exercise-based intervention versus no intervention might be beneficial to
enhance upper and lower limbs muscle power and rate of force development in
people with COPD. In contrast, muscle power did not improve when different
training modalities were compared. Future studies performing power training in
COPD patients are encouraged.
Acertannin Prevented Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis by Inhibiting the Colonic Expression of IL-23 and TNF-α in C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Kimura Yoshiyuki , Taniguchi Masahiko , Okuda Takuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present study investigates the effects of acertannin on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and changes in the colonic levels of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β,
IL-6, IL-10, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).We examine the following: inflammatory colitis was induced in mice by 2% DSS drinking water given ad libitum for 7 days. Red blood cell, platelets, and leukocyte counts and
hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), and colonic cytokine and chemokine levels were measured. The disease activity index (DAI) was lower in DSS-treated mice orally administered acertannin (30
and 100 mg/kg) than in DSS-treated mice. Acertannin (100 mg/kg) inhibited reductions in the red blood cell count and Hb and Ht levels in DSS-treated mice. Acertannin prevented DDS-induced
mucosal membrane ulceration of the colon and significantly inhibited the increased colonic levels of IL-23 and TNF-α. Our findings suggest that acertannin has potential as a treatment
for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).