bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species richness and the dynamics of coral cover in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Tri Aryono , Utama Rizkie Satriya , Arfianti Tri 
Published: February 2023

Pressures on the world’s tropical coral reefs that threaten their existence have been reported worldwide due to many stressors. Loss of coral cover and declines in coral richness are two of the most common changes often reported in coral reefs. However, a precise estimate of species richness and the coral cover dynamics for most Indonesian regions, particularly in the Bangka Belitung Islands, have been poorly documented. Annual monitoring data from 2015 to 2018 at 11 fixed sites in the Bangka Belitung Islands using the photo quadrat transect method identified 342 coral species from 63 genera. Of these, 231 species (>65%) were rare or uncommon, occurring in <40% of all sites. The species richness of hard corals was categorized as moderate compared to other studies in Indonesia, averaging 53 species across sites and years, and there was an increasing number of sites with high species richness. The percent cover of live and dead hard corals was greater than other benthic and substrate categories in all sites; revealing a live-dead hard corals pattern with dead coral cover averaged 12% higher than live hard coral across the years, but they did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05). There was a slightly increasing trend in hard coral cover in ten out of 11 sites in 2018, indicating the reefs are in a recovery process. The results support the need to identify recovering or stable areas despite apparent anthropogenic and natural variations recently. This vital information is essential for early detection and preparation for management strategies in the current context of climate change and for ensuring future coral reef survival.
Quantitative evaluations of variations using the population mean as a baseline for bioinformatics interpretation
Authors: Hui Liu 
Published: February 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study were to establish a model of quantitative evaluation that uses the population mean as a baseline of variations and describe variations derived from different types and systems using new concepts.

Methods
The observed datasets, including measurement data and relative data, were transformed to 0–1.0 using the population mean. Datasets derived from different types (same category of dataset, different categories of datasets, and datasets with the same baseline) were transformed using different methods. The ‘middle compared index’ (MCI) was used to describe the change in magnitude as follows: [a/(a+b)+(1−b)/(2−a−b)−1]1.7, where ‘a’ represents the number after the magnitude change and ‘b’ represents the number before the magnitude change. Actual data were used to observe the MCI’s ability to evaluate variations quantitatively.

Results
When the value before the magnitude change was equal to that after the magnitude change, the MCI was equal to 0; when the value before the magnitude change was equal to 0 and that after the magnitude change was equal to 1, the MCI was equal to 1. This implies the MCI is valid. When the value before the magnitude change was 0 and that after the magnitude change was 0.5, or when the value before the magnitude change was 0.5 and that after the magnitude change was 1.0, each MCI was approximately equal to 0.5. The values derived from the absolute, ratio, and MCI methods were different, indicating that the MCI is an independent index.

Conclusion
The MCI perfectly performs as an evaluation model using the population mean as the baseline, and it may be more a reasonable index than the ratio or absolute methods. The MCI increases our understanding of quantitative variations in evaluation measures of association using new concepts.
Analytical Study on the Rational Challenges Project Engineering Managers Encounter Prior to Achieving Sustainability in the UK Construction Industries
Authors: Uzoigwe Stella Awele Asoya , Atoofi Maryam , Lewis Hollie , Onyedikachukwu Ndekwu, Benneth 
Published: February 2023

Aim: The essential purpose of the current research was to identify the challenges faced by project engineering managers in the UK construction industry while seeking to achieve sustainability.
Study Design: The current study was built upon six important subjects in order to accomplish this goal. In the current study, the researcher opted to do both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The quantitative analysis comprised frequency analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis and was based on data collected through questionnaires.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Bristol United Kingdom for an investigative period of six (6) Months including the research question distribution and collection time as well as the interview and interaction sections with the Construction Project Engineering Managers.
Methodology: In light of the nature of the current research, the researcher selected the mixed research design. Mixed research design is the method used in collecting and analyzing data by using both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies.
Results: The results of the present study showed that effective health and safety management systems are necessary for sustainable construction. However, the UK construction industry lacks these systems. The study also identified lack of education and training as a hindrance. The proper understanding of the project and its processes can only be attained through training and education, and managers have to deal with the problem of being unable to successfully complete sustainable building owing to lack of such resources. However, with the right on-the-job training and efficient monthly meetings that include training and education sessions, this can be improved.
Conclusion: The study resolved that policies should be put in place to guarantee that advancement in the building sector follows economic integration. It has been revealed from the findings that construction is heavily dependent on conventional methods in most rising economies, including the UK, which makes the adoption of novel techniques more challenging and stressful. An important barrier to attaining sustainable construction is clients' and other stakeholders' lack of support for innovative construction techniques. The findings further revealed that the implementation of eco-friendly building practices by the construction sector has the tendency to reduce an asset's overall environmental impact and promote sustainable economic growth.
Challenges Faced by Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Shauq Hani , Gupta Neena , Singh Akanksha 
Published: February 2023

Healthcare workers are more susceptible to contracting the coronavirus since they are the first to be exposed to the illness, even if they have the necessary training and experience to minimize the impact of disease spread among themselves and in the community. In this study, we have explored the preparedness of healthcare workers during threats of infectious disease outbreak in Prayagraj district.
The study aims to outline the challenges faced by healthcare workers in India during COVID-19 pandemic.
A survey-based quantitative study among healthcare professionals of a secondary and a tertiary care hospital for a duration of 4 months was conducted. The census sampling method was used for completing this research in this all the healthcare workers of both the hospitals considered. The data was carefully examined and was exported to IBM SPSS version 28.
The study revealed that the healthcare workers indicated that they had to cope with mental health issues and a widespread PPE shortage. Furthermore, it was also found that the HCW suggested that the government should allow more entities to conduct and produce tests and should provide centralized communication and public information to help them prepare for future infectious disease outbreaks.
The findings reflect on the difficulties faced by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This implies that there is a need to support the healthcare workers with adequate PPEs and supplies. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide a supportive environment to the healthcare workers to help them cope with the mental pressure that arises during outbreaks like COVID-19.
Effect of Epirubicin Plus Paclitaxel vs Epirubicin and Cyclophosphamide Followed by Paclitaxel on Disease-Free Survival Among Patients With Operable ERBB2-Negative and Lymph Node–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Yuan Peng , Kang Yikun , Ma Fei , Fan Ying , Wang Jiayu , Wang Xue , Yue Jian , Luo Yang , Zhang Pin , Li Qing , Xu Binghe 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceAdjuvant therapy is an important and effective treatment for breast cancer. However, there is a lack of head-to-head clinical trials comparing the regimens epirubicin plus paclitaxel (EP) vs epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel (EC-P) in breast cancer.ObjectiveTo evaluate the noninferiority of a cyclophosphamide-free (EP) regimen compared with the standard EC-P regimen for patients with operable hormone receptor–positive, ERBB2 (formerly HER2)-negative, lymph node–positive breast cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, open-label, phase 3, noninferiority randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 1, 2010, to June 30, 2016, in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing. Patients with hormone receptor–positive, ERBB2-negative, lymph node–positive operable breast cancer were included and randomized into 2 treatment groups. Data were analyzed from June 30, 2016, to November 1, 2022.InterventionsPatients received adjuvant epirubicin (75 mg/m2) and paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) every 3 weeks for 6 cycles (EP regimen) or epirubicin (90 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) every 3 weeks for 4 cycles followed by paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) every 3 weeks for 4 cycles (EC-P regimen) as the intention-to-treat (ITT) population.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS), and the secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), distant DFS, and safety.ResultsA total of 900 patients were registered, and 813 eligible patients (median age, 48 [IQR, 41-56] years) were randomly assigned to the EP group (n = 407) or the EC-P group (n = 406) after the surgical procedure. Through a median follow-up of 93.6 (IQR, 60.9-114.1) months, the hazard ratio (HR) of DFS for EP vs EC-P was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.62-1.10; 5-year DFS, 86.0% vs 80.6%; noninferior P = .001). The 5-year OS for the ITT population treated with the EP or the EC-P regimen was 94.7% vs 95.0%, respectively (HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.61-1.49]). Patients in the EP group had more frequent toxic effect events than those in the EC-P group.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this prospective, open-label, phase 3, randomized clinical trial, the EP regimen was noninferior to the EC-P regimen. These findings supported that the EP regimen could be an effective adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for women with ERBB2-negative breast cancer.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01134523
Association of Frequent Aspirin Use With Ovarian Cancer Risk According to Genetic Susceptibility
Authors: Hurwitz Lauren M. , Webb Penelope M. , Jordan Susan J. , Doherty Jennifer A. , Harris Holly R. , Goodman Marc T. , Shvetsov Yurii B. , Modugno Francesmary , Moysich Kirsten B. , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Berchuck Andrew , Anton-Culver Hoda , Ziogas Argyrios , Menon Usha , Ramus Susan J. , Wu Anna H. , Pearce Celeste Leigh , Wentzensen Nicolas , Tworoger Shelley S. , Pharoah Paul D. P. , Trabert Britton 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceFrequent aspirin use is associated with reduced ovarian cancer risk, but it is unknown whether genetic factors modify this association. Understanding effect modifiers is important given that any use of aspirin for ovarian cancer chemoprevention will likely need to focus on specific higher-risk subgroups.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the association between frequent aspirin use and ovarian cancer is modified by a polygenic score (PGS) for nonmucinous ovarian cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsWe pooled individual-level data from 8 population-based case-control studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium conducted in the US, UK, and Australia between 1995 and 2009. We included case patients and control participants with both genetic data and data on frequent aspirin use. Case patients with mucinous ovarian cancer were excluded. Data were analyzed between November 1, 2021, and July 31, 2022.ExposuresFrequent aspirin use, defined as daily or almost daily use for 6 months or longer.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was nonmucinous epithelial ovarian cancer. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs and likelihood ratio tests to investigate effect modification by the PGS.ResultsThere were 4476 case patients with nonmucinous ovarian cancer and 6659 control participants included in this analysis. At study enrollment, the median (IQR) age was 58 (50-66) years for case patients and 57 (49-65) years for control participants. Case patients and control participants self-reported that they were Black (122 [3%] vs 218 [3%]), White (3995 [89%] vs 5851 [88%]), or of other race and ethnicity (348 [8%] vs 580 [9%]; race and ethnicity were unknown for 11 [0%] vs 10 [0%]). There were 575 case patients (13%) and 1030 control participants (15%) who reported frequent aspirin use. The 13% reduction in ovarian cancer risk associated with frequent aspirin use (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.76-0.99]) was not modified by the PGS. Consistent ORs were observed among individuals with a PGS less than (0.85 [0.70-1.02]) and greater than (0.86 [0.74-1.01]) the median. Results were similar by histotype.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study suggest that genetic susceptibility to ovarian cancer based on currently identified common genetic variants does not appear to modify the protective association between frequent aspirin use and ovarian cancer risk. Future work should continue to explore the role of aspirin use for ovarian cancer prevention among individuals who are at higher risk for ovarian cancer.
The effects of telecommuting and family cohabiting situation on psychological distress in Japanese workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ikenouchi Atsuko , Fujino Yoshihisa , Matsugaki Ryutaro , Mafune Kosuke , Ando Hajime , Nagata Tomohisa , Tateishi Seiichiro , Yoshimura Reiji , Tsuji Mayumi ,   CORoNaWork Project, Ogami Akira , Hino Ayako , Eguchi Hisashi , Muramatsu Keiji , Mori Koji , Okawara Makoto , Kuwamura Mami , Matsuda Shinya , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Igarashi Yu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to determine whether telecommuting’s impact on psychological distress differed depending on the status of workers’ cohabiting family members during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We collected data from 33 302 workers in Japan through an Internet survey, and included 27 036 valid responses in the analysis. The survey included items on family cohabitation and telecommuting status during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed workers’ psychological distress using the Kessler 6.

Results
The psychological distress odds ratios (ORs) were higher for participants who lived with family members requiring care (OR = 1.38, P &lt; .001), and lower for participants living with preschool children (OR = 0.77, P &lt; .001) or a spouse (OR = 0.80, P &lt; .001). Furthermore, odds ratios were higher for participants who worked from home and lived with family members requiring care or preschool children (OR = 1.52, P = .002; OR = 1.28, P = .028). Stratified by the presence or absence of family members living with them, psychological distress was higher for telecommuters with family members requiring care, preschool children, or elementary school children.

Conclusion
The association between telecommuting and psychological distress varies, depending on workers’ living situation with family members.
The effect of integrating knowledge‐based planning with multicriteria optimization in treatment planning for prostate SBRT
Authors: Jayarathna Sandun , Shen Xinglei , Chen Ronald C. , Li H. Harold , Guida Kenny 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKnowledge‐based planning (KBP) and multicriteria optimization (MCO) are two powerful tools to assist treatment planners in achieving optimal target coverage and organ‐at‐risk (OAR) sparing. The purpose of this work is to investigate if integrating MCO with conventional KBP can further improve treatment plan quality for prostate cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). A two‐phase study was designed to investigate the impact of MCO and KBP in prostate SBRT treatment planning. The first phase involved the creation of a KBP model based on thirty clinical SBRT plans, generated by manual optimization (KBP_M). A ten‐patient validation cohort was used to compare manual, MCO, and KBP_M optimization techniques. The next phase involved replanning the original model cohort with additional tradeoff optimization via MCO to create a second model, KBP_MCO. Plans were then generated using linear integration (KBP_M+MCO), non‐linear integration (KBP_MCO), and a combination of integration methods (KBP_MCO+MCO). All plans were analyzed for planning target volume (PTV) coverage, OAR constraints, and plan quality metrics. Comparisons were generated to evaluate plan and model quality. Phase 1 highlighted the necessity of KBP and MCO in treatment planning, as both optimization methods improved plan quality metrics (Conformity and Heterogeneity Indices) and reduced mean rectal dose by 2 Gy, as compared to manual planning. Integrating MCO with KBP did not further improve plan quality, as little significance was seen over KBP or MCO alone. Principal component score (PCS) fitting showed KBP_MCO improved bladder and rectum estimated and modeled dose correlation by 5% and 22%, respectively; however, model improvements did not significantly impact plan quality. KBP and MCO have shown to reduce OAR dose while maintaining desired PTV coverage in this study. Further integration of KBP and MCO did not show marked improvements in treatment plan quality while requiring increased time in model generation and optimization time.
Printed Silk Microelectrode Arrays for Electrophysiological Recording and Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Adly Nouran , Teshima Tetsuhiko F. , Hassani Hossein , Boustani George Al , Weiß Lennart J.K. , Cheng Gordon , Alexander Joe , Wolfrum Bernhard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe use of soft and flexible bioelectronic interfaces can enhance the quality for recording cells’ electrical activity by ensuring a continuous and intimate contact with the smooth, curving surfaces found in the physiological environment. This work develops soft microelectrode arrays (MEAs) made of silk fibroin (SF) films for recording interfaces that can also serve as a drug delivery system. Inkjet printing is used as a tool to deposit the substrate, conductive electrode, and insulator, as well as a drug‐delivery nanocomposite film. This approach is highly versatile, as shown in the fabrication of carbon microelectrodes, sandwiched between a silk substrate and a silk insulator. The technique permits the development of thin‐film devices that can be employed for in vitro extracellular recordings of HL‐1 cell action potentials. The tuning of SF by applying an electrical stimulus to produce a permeable layer that can be used in on‐demand drug delivery systems is also demonstrated. The multifunctional MEA developed here can pave the way for in vitro drug screening by applying time‐resolved and localized chemical stimuli.
Heterogeneous Supermolecule Aerogel for Ultraexcellent Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Liu Hai‐Xiong , Huang Biao , Lin Feng‐Cai , Hu Xiao‐Jing , Cai Lei , Yin Qi , Li Xi‐Ya , Lin Guan‐Feng , Chen Yan‐Dan , Liu Tian‐Fu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping an efficient strategy for recycling and reusing homogeneous photocatalysts while maintaining high activity and selectivity remains a significant challenge. Herein, a novel heterogenization approach is presented for a homogeneous photocatalyst assembled into a biomass‐based aerogel for photocatalytic performance that can be easily recycled and reused. The efficiency of light harvesting and H2O absorption is considerably higher because of the presence of multihydroxy groups in the aerogel and its high porosity, which further promotes the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity up to 30 mmol g−1 h−1, and 20 mmol g−1 h−1 in the actual sunlight reaction. The industrial application prospect of this approach for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion is evident based on the facile and simple synthesis strategy, excellent photocatalytic performance, and easy recyclability.
Physical Insights on the Phonon Dispersion of TiS2
Authors: Barajas‐Aguilar Aarón Hernán , Garay‐Tapia Andrés , Strupiechonski Elodie , Justo‐Guerrero Manuel Alejandro , Santos‐Cruz José , Jiménez‐Sandoval Sergio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTitanium disulfide is a quasi‐2D transition‐metal dichalcogenide relevant for various potential applications. To exploit its technological capabilities, it is important to determine its fundamental properties including the lattice dynamics. The TiS2 phonon dispersion curves available to date do not reproduce properly the experimental data for several reasons: i) all available experimental data are not taken into consideration, thus poor theory‐experiment agreements have been obtained; ii) the (unknown) frequency of the infrared mode A2u is erroneously assumed; and iii) such incorrect assignment has propagated in the literature, particularly in phonon dispersion calculations. It is presented here a thorough density functional theory analysis to determine the phonon dispersion curves of TiS2, accounting for the frequencies of all experimental phonon data available to date. These include the frequencies of nine zone‐edge Raman active modes of Ag‐intercalated TiS2, in addition to infrared, Raman, and neutron scattering data. An incorrect frequency assignment of the A2u mode in the literature is thoroughly discussed. Moreover, results of attenuated total reflection terahertz spectroscopy applied to TiS2 are provided. A self‐intercalation paradigm is presented to give a rationale for the temperature dependence of the poorly understood Raman features observed in pristine TiS2 at frequencies above the A1g mode.
Human Endonuclease ANKLE1 Localizes at the Midbody and Processes Chromatin Bridges to Prevent DNA Damage and cGAS‐STING Activation
Authors: Jiang Huadong , Kong Nannan , Liu Zeyuan , West Stephen C. , Chan Ying Wai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChromatin bridges connecting the two segregating daughter nuclei arise from chromosome fusion or unresolved interchromosomal linkage. Persistent chromatin bridges are trapped in the cleavage plane, triggering cytokinesis delay. The trapped bridges occasionally break during cytokinesis, inducing DNA damage and chromosomal rearrangements. Recently, Caenorhabditis elegans LEM‐3 and human TREX1 nucleases have been shown to process chromatin bridges. Here, it is shown that ANKLE1 endonuclease, the human ortholog of LEM‐3, accumulates at the bulge‐like structure of the midbody via its N‐terminal ankyrin repeats. Importantly, ANKLE1−/− knockout cells display an elevated level of G1‐specific 53BP1 nuclear bodies, prolonged activation of the DNA damage response, and replication stress. Increased DNA damage observed in ANKLE1−/− cells is rescued by inhibiting actin polymerization or reducing actomyosin contractility. ANKLE1 does not act in conjunction with structure‐selective endonucleases, GEN1 and MUS81 in resolving recombination intermediates. Instead, ANKLE1 acts on chromatin bridges by priming TREX1 nucleolytic activity and cleaving bridge DNA to prevent the formation of micronuclei and cytosolic dsDNA that activate the cGAS‐STING pathway. It is therefore proposed that ANKLE1 prevents DNA damage and autoimmunity by cleaving chromatin bridges to avoid catastrophic breakage mediated by actomyosin contractile forces.