bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of Chest X-ray in Health Checkup Program in Detecting Pleuroparenchymal Lesion in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kattoju Ajai Ramcharan , Akeel Arshad , Anandan Monisha , Ramakrishnan Balasubramaniam , Kattoju Sudhakar , Babu Suresh 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Asymptomatic individuals may have unnoticed pulmonary lesions (PL) in the form of infective, noninfective, and neoplastic etiology. Earlier studies detected pulmonary pathology in chest radiographs of health checkup patients and this helped in characterizing the PL and changing the course of the disease pattern and prognosis.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim is to detect the incidence of PL in asymptomatic individuals presenting to preventive health checkup. The objective is to study each chest PA view chest radiographs for any PL.

Materials and Methods:
Chest PA radiographs of 51,612 individuals are taken as per international standard protocol for health check individuals after prior informed consent. The radiographs are evaluated for PL by senior radiologists.

Discussion and Results:
The high prevalence of tuberculosis, chronic lung diseases, and occupational PL was noted in the Indian population by various studies. In the present study for PL, a total of 51612 asymptomatic individuals had undergone routine medical health checkup. Out of those screened, 27,508 (53.3%) were males and 24,104 (46.7%) were females, maximum patients were in the 36–55 years age group (46.3%) and minimum being >65 years (4.5%), smokers were 6050 (11.7%), and PL: 1577 (3.1%) which includes parenchymal opacities and pleural based. In addition, cardiomegaly was noted in 1774 (3.4%) of the patients. The maximum PL was seen in 46–55 years age group (59.4%) and a similar trend was observed in cardiomegaly (34.4%) also.

Conclusion:
The role of routine chest radiographs in health checkup was found to be extremely useful for early detection of the PL and further patients are recommended for higher imaging investigations, biopsy, and bronchoscopy.
Rectal Sclerotherapy in Children: An Author’s Experience with a Sclerosant
Authors: Aihole Jayalaxmi Shripati 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Rectal prolapse in children is mainly managed by conservative treatment, especially in those aged <3 years; however, intervention is indicated in cases with persistent and recurrent prolapse that is resistant to conservative treatment.

Objective:
To determine the efficacy of sclerotherapy using sodium tetradecyl sulphate as a sclerosant in treating rectal prolapse in children.

Design:
A retrospective chart review.

Settings:
The study was conducted in a tertiary care pediatric center in Bengaluru, Karnataka.

Patients (Material) and Methods:
Children aged ≥1 year with persistent rectal prolapse were included in this study, which was conducted from January 2013 to December 2021. The median follow-up period was 1 year.

Main Outcome Measure:
Resolution of the rectal prolapse.

Sample Size:
Three hundred and eighty-seven patients.

Results:
The success rate was 93.5% (43/46) after sclerotherapy treatment. Recurrence was noted in 6.5% of the patients who required a second dose of sclerotherapy or surgery. The median follow-up period was 8 months. There were no remarkable complications or mortality.

Conclusion:
Rectal sclerotherapy injection is a safe, low-cost procedure with low recurrence rate in children.

Limitations:
Ours was a retrospective, single-center study, and no control group was utilized.

Conflict of Interest:
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Políticas públicas na perspectiva do Estado em ação
Authors: Cesconeto Eugênia Aparecida 
Published: September 2023

O tema do artigo é a política pública, aqui nominada de Estado em ação, o objetivo é apresentar os elementos do Estado em ação (burocracia e política pública). As demandas das classes se encontram em constante disputa e a intervenção pública é a ação, a qual compreende a soma resultante do jogo de forças no processo decisório a respeito da intervenção. Pode-se dizer que as contradições da dinâmica estatal são mediadas pelas políticas públicas. O estudo pautou-se na abordagem dialética tomando-a como um processo histórico permeado por contradições que interferem nas formas como as relações são estabelecidas no contexto social e conformam as ações do Estado e da burocracia. Considera-se que a ação do Estado (autonomia relativa) para formular e implementar políticas públicas, com o apoio da burocracia profissionalizada, depende dos recursos financeiros de interesse social, com capacidade de direção, com a criação de consensos/legitimação e a dominação/coerção.
Juventude e cidade: o olhar dos usuários do CRIAAD sobre Campos dos Goytacazes
Authors: Pereira Muniz Tatiane , Soares Dutra Adriana 
Published: September 2023

A efetivação do direito à cidade, como parte dos direitos humanos, é atravessada por uma série de questões, entre elas as condições de classe, raça e geração. A partir da experiência no Centro de Recursos Integrados de Atendimento ao Adolescente, identificou-se que adolescentes e jovens em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa chegam ao sistema já tendo vivenciado uma série de violações de direitos, entre eles, o direito à cidade. O estudo tem como principal objetivo pensar a sua efetivação sob a ótica desses sujeitos. Com base na tradição marxista, pauta-se em uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as temáticas centrais e em uma pesquisa de abordagem empírica, realizada por meio de questionário com perguntas fechadas. Os resultados revelam que a desigualdade presente no território faz com que os adolescentes e jovens pobres acessem a cidade de forma desigual, visto que a sua circulação e apropriação ocorre de maneira limitada.
Combate ao trabalho escravo em Mato Grosso: tributo a Casaldáliga
Authors: E Silva Marluce Aparecida Souza e Silva , Rosalina da Silva Patricia 
Published: September 2023

Aqui refletimos sobre a luta de Dom Pedro Casaldáliga contra o trabalho análogo à escravidão, enfatizando as contribuições, a história e a resistência desse homem que é considerado bispo, profeta, poeta e militante valioso dos direitos humanos no Brasil. A abordagem procura entrelaçar a concepção de atividade forçada e a luta do reverendo bispo com o histórico de acesso à terra no Estado de Mato Grosso, que está intimamente relacionado aos poderes econômico e político, que têm sido determinantes para decretar vida e morte para camponeses e trabalhadores rurais. Apresentamos dados atuais sobre os resgates de trabalhadores e constatamos que esse crime ainda é relevante em nosso estado e no Brasil em geral. O texto é produto de nossa experiência em projetos de extensão, de estágio supervisionado e de investigação continuada junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Política Social da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso.
O‘ZBEK XALQ QO‘SHIQLARIDA YUZ SOMATIZMINING BADIIY TALQINI
Authors: Hamroyeva Dilfuza 
Published: September 2023

Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek xalq qo‘shiqlarida yuz somatizmining badiiy talqini, poetik obrazlar bilan ifodalanishi, totemistik tushunchalar, kultlar bilan bog’liq jihatlari ochib berilgan.
KURASH BILAN SHUG‘ULLANUVCHI TALABA SPORTCHILARDA TAYYORGARLIK BOSQICHLARINI KUN VA HAFTALIK MIKROTSIKLLARDA MASHG‘ULOT YUKLAMALARINI OPTIMAL ME’YORLASH
Authors: Masharipov Ravqat 
Published: September 2023

Kurashda tezkor rejalashtirishda yuklamalarni meʼyorlashni, tajribaning keyingi bosqich mashg‘ulot vazifalarida yuklamalar hajmi boʼyicha uning quyidagi tavsiflari yo‘nalishi va ixtisoslashganligini hisobga olgan holda me‘yorlashni ishlab chiqishdan iborat bo‘ldi. Tajribalar natijalariga ko‘ra, talaba-kurashchilar uchun tayyorgarlik jarayonidagi mashg‘ulot yuklamalarining umumiy hajm rejasi ishlab chiqildi va tajriba guruhi amaliyotida qo‘llanildi.
XORAZM XALQ O‘YINLARI
Authors: Niyozmatov Anvar 
Published: September 2023

Bu maqolada Xorazm xalq o‘yinlarining o‘quvchilarni ma’naviy tarbiyalashdagi pedagogik-psixolog o‘rni yoritilgan. Shu bilan birga, xalq o‘yinlarining insonni dastlabki hayotga tayyorlash jarayonida tarbiyaning muhim omili ekanligi ko‘rsatilgan. Xalq o‘yinlari oʻquvchilarning xalqimizning bir necha yillik madaniy boyliklari haqidagi tasavvurlarini ma’lum darajada kengaytirib kelajak hayotda oʻz oʻrnini topishga yordam berishi ochib berilgan.
Optimized machine learning based predictive diagnosis approach for diabetes mellitus
Authors: AKKUR Erkan , TÜRK Fuat 
Published: September 2023

Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by elevated blood sugar. If this disease is not diagnosed on time, it has the potential to pose a risk to other organs and tissues. Machine learning algorithms have started to preferred day by day in the detection of this disease, as in many other diseases. This study suggests a diabetes prediction approach incorporating optimized machine learning (ML) algorithms.
Methods: The framework presented in this study starts with the application of different data pre-processing processes. Random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) and decision tree (DT) algorithms are used for classification. Grid search is utilized for hyperparameter optimization of algorithms. Different performance evaluation measures are used to find the algorithm that best predicts diabetes. PIMA Indian dataset (PID) is chosen for testing the experiments. In addition, it is investigated to what extent the attributes in the data set affect the result using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analysis.
Results: As a result of the experiments, the RF algorithm achieved the highest success rate with 89.06%, 84.33%, 84.33%, 84.33% and 0.88% accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1-score and AUC scores. As a result of the SHAP analysis, it is found that the “Insulin”, “Age” and “Glucose” attributes contributed the most to the prediction model in identifying patients with diabetes.
Conclusion: The hyperparameter optimized RF approach proposed in the framework of the study provided a good result in the prediction and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus when compared with similar studies in the literature. As a result, an expert system can be designed to detect diabetes early in real time using the proposed method.
Evaluation of the association of anti-thyroid peroxidase with antinuclear antibodies and different antinuclear antibodies patterns
Authors: TOGAY Alper , BASOK Banu Isbilen , ÇOLAK Ayfer , YILMAZ Nisel 
Published: September 2023

Aims: To investigate the relationship between anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), a marker for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and ANA patterns, biomarkers for systemic autoimmune diseases.
Methods: In this study, ANA and anti-TPO test results, obtained in our hospital laboratory between 2019 and 2022, were retrospectively evaluated. ANA was detected by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody method using commercial HEp-20-10 cell substrates and anti-TPO was determined by the sandwich immunoassay method using a commercial immunoassay analyzer.
Results: A total of 1750 patients’ results were analyzed. ANA was positive in 28.7% of anti-TPO-positive patients and 19% of anti-TPO-negative patients. While 6.4% (112/1750) of patients were positive for both ANA and anti-TPO, both test results were negative in 62.85% of patients (p
The importance of serum estrone level in cases of chronic venous insufficiency in the lower extremity
Authors: BENDER Rukiye Ada , ŞİMŞEK Baran 
Published: September 2023

Aims: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition characterized by abnormal venous flow dynamics in the lower limbs and is associated with various risk factors such as pregnancy, age, obesity, and high estrogen states. One of these estrogens, estrone, is known to have cardioprotective effects. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between estrone levels in women with CVI and healthy women.
Methods: Clinical and laboratory data from 39 women with CVI and 31 healthy women without CVI were collected. All participants underwent spectral Doppler examinations and combined B-mode imaging to assess the severity of CVI.
Results: The results showed a statistically significant increase in the diameter of the vena saphenous magna in the CVI group compared to the healthy control group (p
Long-term outcomes of percutaneous release technique or open for trigger finger in diabetic patients
Authors: DÜNDAR Abdulrahim , KAYA Şehmuz , İPEK Deniz 
Published: September 2023

Aims: Trigger finger is seen more often in diabetic patients and can lead to more serious postoperative complications compared to non-diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of open and percutaneous release techniques in diabetic patients.
Methods: This retrospective study included 62 patients who met the study criteria. Of these patients, 32 underwent open release surgery and 30 underwent percutaneous release with an 18-gauge needle. The patients were evaluated retrospectively in respect of the data on first presentation preoperatively and at postoperative follow-up examinations at 3 weeks, 6 months and 1 year. A retrospective examination was made of the demographic data, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores preoperatively, at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, recurrence rates at the end of 6 months and 1 year, the Quinnell grading scale at the end of 1 year, wound site infection, tendon damage and neurovascular complications. VAS scores and the Quinnell grading scale were used for clinical evaluation.
Results: The data of a total of 62 patients were statistically analyzed in the study, with 32 (51.6%) in the Open group and 30 (48.4%) in the Percutaneous group. The mean age of the patients was 58.97±7.51 (min-max: 45-72) years. The distributions of trigger finger and Quinnell grading system scores were statistically similar between the groups (P=0.974, P=0.279, respectively). The recurrent triggering rate at the 6th and 12th month was significantly higher in the Percutaneous group (P=0.049, P=0.049, respectively). The average return to work duration in the Percutaneous group (1.70±0.75) was significantly shorter than that in the Open group (3.88±1.21) (P
The effect of occupational therapy on upper extremity function and activities of daily living in hemiplegic patients
Authors: DOĞAN Ayşe Gülşen 
Published: September 2023

Aims: We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of occupational therapy (OT) added to traditional rehabilitation treatments on activities of daily living and upper extremity functions in hemiplegic patients in this study.
Methods: This study was carried out within eighty hemiplegic patients. In the evaluation of the patients before the therapy, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), occupation, education, duration of stroke, stroke etiology, symptomatic side, the presence of systemic diseases and dominant hand data were recorded. The patients were randomized into two groups according to the sealed envelope method. While standard rehabilitation (ST) (50 minutes five days a week for 6 weeks) was applied to the first group, ST (50 minutes five days a week for 6 weeks) and OT (40 minutes three days a week for 6 weeks) were applied to the second group. Functional Independence Scale (FIM), Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment of Motor Recovery Scale (FMA) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) were evaluated before the treatment and on the 45th day after the end of the treatment.
Results: Our study included 35 male and 45 female patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, symptom duration and stroke etiology. FIM, ARAT and FMA values were found to be increased in both groups compared to pre-treatment (ST; FIM p=0.003, ARAT p=0.011, FMA p= 0.002 OT; FIM p=0.023, ARAT p=0.024, FMA p= 0.012 ). While there was no significant difference in terms of FIM, ARAT and FMA values before treatment in comparisons between groups, all parameters were found to be significantly increased in the OT group compared to ST on the 45th day of treatment (FIM p=0.017, ARAT p=0.021, FMA p= 0. 004).
Conclusion: In this study, OT was applied three times a week for 40 extremity dexterity. While the increase in FIM, FMA and ARAT was significant after treatment in both groups, the increase in the OT group was higher when compared to ST. The results of our study show that both ST and OT are effective in stroke rehabilitation. In addition, it has been clearly proven that more effective results are obtained in upper extremity functions with OT added to ST.
A noteworthy prognostic marker in extensive small cell lung cancer: lymphocyte/C-reactive protein ratio
Authors: ÖZTÜRK ERGÜR Figen , ÖZTÜRK Ayperi , UZEL ŞENER Melahat , SAYMAZ Zeynep Tilbe , MUTLU Nihal 
Published: September 2023

Aims: We aimed to investigate the pre-treatment prognostic significance of lymphocyte/C-Reactive protein ratio (LCR), one of the inflammatory factors, in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Methods: Medical records of 514 patients who were diagnosed with extensive-stage SCLC between 2010 and 2020 were examined retrospectively. LCR was calculated using the blood test results prior to chemotherapy.
Results: The mean survival time for extensive-stage SCLC is 6 months (5.3-6.7). A statistically significant difference exists between limited and extensive stages in terms of median overall survival (OS) (p
Investigation of the synovial fluid pro-inflammatory cytokines and clinical findings in disc displacements of TMJ
Authors: YILMAZ ASAN Canay , BAYINDIR Şeyma , DEMİRBAŞ Ahmet Emin , BARLAK KETİ Didem , KÜTÜK Nükhet 
Published: September 2023

Aims: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common musculoskeletal disease that affects the soft tissues and bone structures of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Inflammatory mediators play a critical role in the etiology of TMD by affecting various molecular mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines on TMJ internal derangements and evaluate the relationship between clinical features.
Methods: Patients who underwent arthrocentesis because of TMD were included in this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to anterior disc displacement with reduction (Group 1) and without reduction ( Group 2). Clinical findings before and after the arthrocentesis were evaluated retrospectively. Synovial fluid TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were analyzed with the ELISA method.
Results: A total of 28 patients were included, with 15 patients in Group 1 and 13 patients in Group 2. All patients were female with an average age of 30.75±14.9. The average pre-operative pain score was 6.6±1.95 in all patients. After the arthrocentesis, the average pain score was 2.0 ( 1.0 - 2.5) and the difference was significant (p
Which factors are predicting the mortality in patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit?
Authors: PARPUCU Ümit Murat , TURAN Sema , CANKAR DAL Hayriye , TOSUN Damla , YALNIZ Kudret Yasemin , AYDEMİR Semih , ÖZTÜRK KAZANCI Dilek 
Published: September 2023

Aims: COVID-19 infection is a global health problem; clinical and laboratory parameters have been developed to predict this disease-related mortality/morbidity. Some of these parameters are clinical parameters, while some are laboratory parameters. This study aims to determine whether Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), age, presence of comorbidity, and absolute lymphocyte count effectively predict mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) due to COVID-19.
Methods: We have included 108 PCR-positive COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU between 1 October and 31 November 2020 in our research. Demographic characteristics of all patients, APACHE II values within the first 24 hours of admission to ICU, the GCS, the presence of comorbidity, lymphocyte count during ICU admission, duration of ICU stay, and the mortality rates were recorded.
Results: The average age of 108 individuals evaluated in the study was 67±13.61 years, and 56.5% of the patient group consisted of the geriatric age range. Seventy (64.8%) of the patients were female, eighty-nine (82.4%) patients had at least one comorbidity. In the multivariate analysis, it was determined that lymphocyte value, APACHE II score, and the presence of any comorbidity are independent prognostic factors for mortality when accepted to ICU.
Conclusion: In our study, we have determined that age, APACHE II value, presence of comorbidity, and baseline lymphocyte counts are independent predictors of mortality.
The role of the TAPSE/PASP ratio in the prediction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: ÇAKMAK Tolga , ŞAFAK Özgen 
Published: September 2023

Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most prevalent cause of cardioembolic stroke. Paroxysmal AF (PAF) is often difficult to be diagnosed and is sometimes first detected during embolic stroke. Yet, TAPSE and PASP can be easily revealed in routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Then, the TAPSE/PASP ratio is often shown to have prognostic significance in many cardiac disorders. Nevertheless, the insufficient scholarly knowledge of the relationship between this ratio and the development of PAF became the primary motive of the present study.
Methods: We carried out this study with 114 patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke without a previous diagnosis of AF. We noted down the patients’ blood parameters and prescribed drugs and calculated TAPSE/PASP ratio relying on their TTE findings. We also recorded the 24-hour heart rhythm findings of each patient through Holter monitoring. After categorizing PAF attacks (i.e.,PAF attack was (not) observed), we explored any statistical relationship between the TAPSE/PASP ratio and the presence of PAF.
Results: The findings revealed a significant difference between the TAPSE/PASP ratios between the groups with PAF (0.62±0.07) and without PAF (0.77±0.08). Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis yielded the TAPSE/PASP ratio to demonstrate a diagnostic value in predicting PAF (area under the ROC curve [AUC]=0.89;82.7%; p
Osteoporosis and diabetes – possible links and diagnostic difficulties
Authors: Tomasiuk Joanna Magdalena , Nowakowska-Płaza Anna , Wisłowska Małgorzata , Głuszko Piotr 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesIn this review, the authors aimed to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of osteoporosis and diabetes, analyze the differences between the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in different types of diabetes and propose the most effective diagnostic strategy and fracture risk assessment in diabetic patients.Material and methodsA analysis of publications in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and SCOPUS databases was performed, searching for reports on the diagnostics, fracture risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) published in the years 2016–2022. The key words for the search were: diabetes, osteoporosis, and low-energy fracture.ResultsBone complications of T1DM are more severe than T2DM, because of the lack of anabolic effect of insulin on bones. In T2DM the risk of fractures is elevated; however, identifying the mechanisms underlying the increased risk of fractures in T2DM is not clear. The FRAX tool is not appropriate for assessing the fracture risk in young patients with T1DM. It is quite useful in older patients with T2DM, but in these patients the calculated fracture risk may be underestimated. In T2DM the fracture risk often does not correspond to BMD value as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Diagnostic tools such as the trabecular bone score may play a significant role in this group of patients.ConclusionsOptimal strategies to identify and treat high risk individuals require further research and proper definition. The diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis should be clearly defined as well as fracture risk assessment and choice of anti-osteoporotic medication. In all cases of secondary osteoporosis, treatment of the underlying disease is the most important. The relationship between high risk of fractures and diabetes is inseparable, and its full understanding seems to be the key to effective management.