bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating anti-viral effect of Tylvalosin tartrate on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and analyzing the related gene regulation by transcriptomics
Authors: Tang Xingzhen , Wang Cong , Sun Weifeng , Wu Weixin , Sun Shaohui , Wan Jin , Zhu Guangshan , Ma Nini , Ma Xiaoping , Xu Ruihua , Yang Qiushi , Dai Yindi , Zhou Lei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an economically important pathogen, characterized by its genetic and antigenic variation. The PRRSV vaccine is widely used, however, the unsatisfied heterologic protection and the risk of reverse virulence raise the requirement to find some new anti-PRRSV strategies for disease control. Tylvalosin tartrate is used to inhibit PRRSV in the field non-specifically, however, the mechanism is still less known.

Methods
The antiviral effects of Tylvalosin tartrates from three producers were evaluated in a cell inoculation model. Their safety and efficacy concentrations, and effecting stage during PRRSV infection were analyzed. And, the Tylvalosin tartrates regulated genes and pathways which are potentially related to the anti-viral effect were further explored by using transcriptomics analysis. Last, the transcription level of six anti-virus-related DEGs was selected to confirm by qPCR, and the expression level of HMOX1, a reported anti-PRRSV gene, was proved by western blot.

Results
The safety concentrations of Tylvalosin tartrates from three different producers were 40 µg/mL (Tyl A, Tyl B, and Tyl C) in MARC-145 cells and 20 µg/mL (Tyl A) or 40 µg/mL (Tyl B and Tyl C) in primary pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) respectively. Tylvalosin tartrate can inhibit PRRSV proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, causing more than 90% proliferation reduction at 40 µg/mL. But it shows no virucidal effect, and only achieves the antiviral effect via long-term action on the cells during the PRRSV proliferation. Furthermore, GO terms and KEGG pathway analysis was carried out based on the RNA sequencing and transcriptomic data. It was found that the Tylvalosin tartrates can regulate the signal transduction, proteolysis, and oxidation-reduction process, as well as some pathways such as protein digestion and absorption, PI3K-Akt signaling, FoxO signaling, and Ferroptosis pathways, which might relate to PRRSV proliferation or host innate immune response, but further studies still need to confirm it. Among them, six antivirus-related genes HMOX1, ATF3, FTH1, FTL, NR4A1, and CDKN1A were identified to be regulated by Tylvalosin tartrate, and the increased expression level of HMOX1 was further confirmed by western blot.

Conclusions
Tylvalosin tartrate can inhibit PRRSV proliferation in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The identified DEGs and pathways in transcriptomic data will provide valuable clues for further exploring the host cell restriction factors or anti-PRRSV target.
TP53 somatic mutations in Asian breast cancer are associated with subtype-specific effects
Authors: Ragu Mohana Eswari , Lim Joanna Mei Ch’wan , Ng Pei-Sze , Yip Cheng-Har , Rajadurai Pathmanathan , Teo Soo-Hwang , Pan Jia-Wern 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent genomics studies of breast cancer in Asian cohorts have found a higher prevalence of TP53 mutations in Asian breast cancer patients relative to Caucasian patients. However, the effect of TP53 mutations on Asian breast tumours has not been comprehensively studied.

Methods
Here, we report an analysis of 492 breast cancer samples from the Malaysian Breast Cancer cohort where we examined the impact of TP53 somatic mutations in relation to PAM50 subtypes by comparing whole exome and transcriptome data from tumours with mutant and wild-type TP53.

Results
We found that the magnitude of impact of TP53 somatic mutations appears to vary between different subtypes. TP53 somatic mutations were associated with higher HR deficiency scores as well as greater upregulation of gene expression pathways in luminal A and luminal B tumours compared to the basal-like and Her2-enriched subtypes. The only pathways that were consistently dysregulated when comparing tumours with mutant and wild-type TP53 across different subtypes were the mTORC1 signalling and glycolysis pathways.

Conclusion
These results suggest that therapies that target TP53 or other downstream pathways may be more effective against luminal A and B tumours in the Asian population.
Wasserstein bounds in CLT of approximative MCE and MLE of the drift parameter for Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes observed at high frequency
Authors: Es-Sebaiy Khalifa , Alazemi Fares , Al-Foraih Mishari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with the rate of convergence for the central limit theorem of estimators of the drift coefficient, denotedθ, for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process$X := \{X_{t},t\geq 0\}$X:={Xt,t≥0}observed at high frequency. We provide an approximate minimum contrast estimator and an approximate maximum likelihood estimator ofθ, namely$\widetilde{\theta}_{n}:= {1}/{ (\frac{2}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n}X_{t_{i}}^{2} )}$θ˜n:=1/(2n∑i=1nXti2), and$\widehat{\theta}_{n}:= -{\sum_{i=1}^{n} X_{t_{i-1}} (X_{t_{i}}-X_{t_{i-1}} )}/{ (\Delta _{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n} X_{t_{i-1}}^{2} )}$θˆn:=−∑i=1nXti−1(Xti−Xti−1)/(Δn∑i=1nXti−12), respectively, where$t_{i} = i \Delta _{n}$ti=iΔn,$i=0,1,\ldots , n $i=0,1,…,n,$\Delta _{n}\rightarrow 0$Δn→0. We provide Wasserstein bounds in the central limit theorem for$\widetilde{\theta}_{n}$θ˜nand$\widehat{\theta}_{n}$θˆn.
Task grouping and optimized deep learning based VM sizing for hosting containers as a service
Authors: Patra Manoj Kumar , Sahoo Bibhudatta , Turuk Ashok Kumar , Misra Sanjay 
Published: April 2023

AbstractContainers as a service (CaaS) are a kind of services that permits the organization to handle the containers more effectively. Containers are lightweight, require less computing resources, portable, and facilitate better support for microservices. In the CaaS model, containers are deployed in virtual machines, and the virtual machine runs on the physical machine. The objective of this paper is to estimate the resource required by a VM to execute a number of containers. VM sizing is a directorial process where the system administrators have to optimize the allocated resources within the permitted virtualized space. In this work, the VM sizing is carried out using the Deep Convolutional Long Short Term Memory Network (Deep-ConvLSTM), where the weights are updated by Fractional Pelican Optimization (FPO) Algorithm. Here, the FPO is configured by hybridizing the concept of Fractional Calculus (FC) within the updated location of the Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA). Moreover, the task grouping is done with Deep Embedded Clustering (DEC), where the grouping is established with respect to the various task parameters, such as task length, submission rate, scheduling class, priority, resource usage, task latency, and Task Rejection Rate (TRR). In addition, the performance analysis of VM sizing is done by taking 100, 200, 300, and 400 tasks. We got the best resource utilization of 0.104 with 300 tasks, a response time of 262ms with 100 tasks, and a TRR of 0.156 with 100 tasks and makespan of 0.5788 with 100 tasks.
Genetic and environmental contributions to the subjective burden of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kottwitz Anita , Mönkediek Bastian , Klatzka Christoph H. , Hufer-Thamm Anke , Hildebrandt Jannis 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Feelings of loneliness and the burden of social isolation were among the most striking consequences of widespread containment measures, such as “social distancing”, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the potential impact on people’s health, there has been increased interest in understanding the mechanisms and factors that contributed to feelings of loneliness and the burdens of social isolation. However, in this context, genetic predisposition has been largely ignored as an important factor. This is problematic because some of the phenotypic associations observed to date may in fact be genetic. The aim of this study is, therefore, to examine the genetic and environmental contributions to the burden of social isolation at two time points during the pandemic. In addition, we examine whether risk factors identified in previous studies explain genetic or environmental contributions to the burden of social isolation.

Methods
The present study is based on a genetically sensitive design using data from the TwinLife panel study, which surveyed a large sample of adolescent and young adult twins during the first (N = 798) and the second (N = 2520) lockdown in Germany.

Results
We find no substantive differences in genetic and environmental contributions to social isolation burden over the course of the pandemic. However, we find the determinants highlighted as important in previous studies can explain only a small proportion of the observed variance in the burden of social isolation and mainly explained genetic contributions.

Conclusions
While some of the observed associations appear to be genetic, our findings underscore the need for further research, as the causes of individual differences in burden of social isolation remain unclear.
Tensor decomposition for painting analysis. Part 2: spatio-temporal simulation
Authors: Ciortan Irina M. , Poulsson Tina G. , George Sony , Hardeberg Jon Y. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In a previous article, we modelled the spectral and temporal dimensions of the photodegradation behaviour of pigments in the painting “A Japanese Lantern” by Oda Krohg. In particular, we extracted the endmembers and spectral fading rate of pigments by applying tensor decomposition on a time-series of spectroscopic point measurements. Now, we capture the same painting with a hyperspectral imaging setup and propose an approach to render the fading effects as 2D images. More precisely, from the hyperspectral image, we compute the concentration maps of each previously identified endmember with a least-squares unmixing method. Subsequently, by using tensor algebra, we multiply the concentration maps with the endmembers and their corresponding fading rate and obtain a 4D tensor where each pixel in the image is described by a spectrum and a fading function. This way, we generate past and future spatio-temporal simulations of the painting’s appearance by reversing and elevating light exposure, respectively.
Aripiprazole in autism spectrum disorder: current evidence for use
Authors: Bunting Apphia , Feldman Harriet 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThis month's Cochrane Corner meta-analysis evaluates the evidence for the use of aripiprazole in ‘autism spectrum disorders’ – although in fact, outcome measures mainly included subtypes of challenging behaviour and side-effects. Aripiprazole was found to be effective in reducing irritability and hyperactivity, while causing extrapyramidal side-effects and weight gain. Only three trials were included in the review, with two small trials eventually included in the meta-analysis. All trials were conducted in under-18s in the USA, with no requirement for a trial of behavioural management before psychotropic medication, and excluding under-18s with important comorbidities such as medicated attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. All three studies were sponsored and funded by the manufacturer of aripiprazole. Further, a discontinuation trial showed no evidence of sustained benefit beyond 16 weeks of treatment.
Adagrasib in Advanced Solid Tumors Harboring aKRASG12CMutation
Authors: Bekaii-Saab Tanios S. , Yaeger Rona , Spira Alexander I. , Pelster Meredith S. , Sabari Joshua K. , Hafez Navid , Barve Minal , Velastegui Karen , Yan Xiaohong , Shetty Aditya , Der-Torossian Hirak , Pant Shubham 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSEAdagrasib, a KRASG12Cinhibitor, has demonstrated clinical activity in patients with KRASG12C-mutated non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). KRASG12Cmutations occur rarely in other solid tumor types. We report evaluation of the clinical activity and safety of adagrasib in patients with other solid tumors harboring a KRASG12Cmutation.METHODSIn this phase II cohort of the KRYSTAL-1 study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03785249 ; phase Ib cohort), we evaluated adagrasib (600 mg orally twice daily) in patients with KRASG12C-mutated advanced solid tumors (excluding NSCLC and CRC). The primary end point was objective response rate. Secondary end points included duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival, and safety.RESULTSAs of October 1, 2022, 64 patients with KRASG12C-mutated solid tumors were enrolled and 63 patients treated (median follow-up, 16.8 months). The median number of prior lines of systemic therapy was 2. Among 57 patients with measurable disease at baseline, objective responses were observed in 20 (35.1%) patients (all partial responses), including 7/21 (33.3%) responses in pancreatic and 5/12 (41.7%) in biliary tract cancers. The median duration of response was 5.3 months (95% CI, 2.8 to 7.3) and median PFS was 7.4 months (95% CI, 5.3 to 8.6). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade were observed in 96.8% of patients and grade 3-4 in 27.0%; there were no grade 5 TRAEs. TRAEs did not lead to treatment discontinuation in any patients.CONCLUSIONAdagrasib demonstrates encouraging clinical activity and is well tolerated in this rare cohort of pretreated patients with KRASG12C-mutated solid tumors.
How Much Agency Does Architecture Have?
Authors: Cramer-Greenbaum Susannah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Dhaka's National Assembly building, designed by Louis Kahn, was built over several turbulent decades as East Pakistan fought for autonomy and became the new country of Bangladesh. Conventional critical narratives situate the National Assembly within Kahn's biography, treating Bangladesh as an empty canvas on which Kahn could enact design philosophies developed over his career. I contend that architects and critics are not the only arbiters of a building's meaning, and that local and political context should not be ignored in a building's historical narrative. There is ample recent scholarship decentering the Western canon, to which the National Assembly belongs, in architecture history, theory, and criticism. This article calls for decentering the architect as well, and acknowledging that the client's agenda, historical context, local interventions, popular perception, and the ongoing use of a building all influence the many layers of meaning architecture acquires over time. Continuing to perpetuate the myth of the lone artistic genius doggedly pursuing his creative vision gives unfounded agency to the individual architect alone. Design has agency and buildings shape worlds, but buildings themselves are shaped by complex collective actions, not singular visions. As a Western architect called to build on a grand scale in Asia, Kahn is an early example of a now prevalent trope. This research establishes a template for understanding this kind of work in context, and acknowledging the crucial role played by local actors in shaping each project and determining the project's cultural significance over time.
Language learning beliefs and motivation of Estonian and non-Estonian students at Estonian-language universities
Authors: Meristo Merilyn , Jõgi Anna-Liisa 
Published: April 2023

Selle uurimistöö eesmärk on kirjeldada hariduslike erivajadustega (HEV) õpilaste lugemis- ja matemaatikaoskuste seoseid tava- või eriklassis õppimisega. Valimisse kuulus 3369 kolmanda klassi last (poisse 50%, 209 klassist, 135 koolist) ning 3340 kuuenda klassi last (poisse 51%, 200 klassist, 134 koolist) eesti- ja venekeelsetest koolidest. Õpilased täitsid koolitundide ajal veebipõhised lugemise ladususe, loetu mõistmise, arvutamise ja tekstülesannete testid. Tulemustest selgus, et tava- ja eriklassis õppivate HEV õpilaste lugemis- ja matemaatikaoskused olid sarnasel tasemel, välja arvatud vene õppekeelega koolide kuuendates klassides, kus tavaklassis õppivad HEV õpilased said tekstülesannete lahendamises kõrgema skoori võrreldes eriklassis õppivate HEV õpilastega. Uuring annab esmase ülevaate eesti- ja venekeelsete koolide kolmandate ja kuuendate klasside HEV õpilaste kaasamise olukorrast ja akadeemilistest oskustest.
Summary
Determination of the Field Performance of a Prototype Combined Poppy Harvester
Authors: Saracoglu Turker , Ozarslan Cengiz , Haciyusufoglu A. Fatih 
Published: April 2023

HighlightsA poppy harvester can be used as an alternative to the manual harvesting.Effective field capacity of a poppy harvester is 34 to 53 times higher than the manual harvest.Depending on the forward speed, field losses increase.Cleaning efficiency can be increased by a more aggressive sieving application.Abstract. The operations of collecting the poppy from the field by hand and then breaking it apart require intensive labor and time consumption, which increases the cost significantly. A mechanical harvester to be used for poppy harvesting will save human labor and reduce time consumption. Hence, a poppy harvester was designed to harvest and crush poppy capsules, and separate the stalks, seeds, and capsule parts from the shredded material with this study. The prototype harvester consists of a harvest unit, conveying unit, threshing unit, separating and cleaning unit, bagging unit, and power transmission unit. The machine is pulled by the tractor and its moving units are driven by the PTO and hydraulic system. In field experiments with the prototype poppy harvester, the material capacity of the machine (seed, capsule pieces, and total product), cleaning efficiency, and harvest losses were determined. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The prototype machine was operated at two forward speeds of 1.24 km h-1 and 1.95 km h-1. The effective field capacity of the harvester was determined to be 34 to 53 times higher than the manual harvest, and increasing forward speed, increased machine capacity by approximately 50%. The cleaning efficiency was determined to be approximately 84% for both forward speeds. Depending on the forward speed, field losses increased and varied between 13% and 21%. Keywords: Keywords., Cleaning capacity, Field losses, Harvesting capacity, Poppy harvester.
Analysis of picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectra for gas-phase diagnostics
Authors: Kearney Sean P. , Lauriola Daniel K. , Stauffer Hans U. , Hsu Paul , Jiang Naibo , Athmanathan Venkat , Meyer Terrence R. , Roy Sukesh 
Published: April 2023

We present a hybrid frequency- and time-domain solution, applicable to the case of picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), for gas-phase diagnostics. A solution has been derived based on both physical arguments and four-wave mixing equations for picosecond CARS, with pulse durations that are comparable to the dephasing time scale for gas-phase Raman coherence—a regime where commonly employed solutions for impulsive (femtosecond) or cw (nanosecond) pump/Stokes forcing are not strictly valid. We present the ps-CARS spectrum in the form of incoherent sums of CARS intensity spectra, calculated from the fundamental solution for impulsive pump/Stokes Raman preparation. The solution was examined for temperatures from 1000–3000 K, for four plausible experimental configurations, with laser pulse durations of 50–150 ps, and probe pulse delays from −20 to 240 ps. Approximations based on cw and impulsive pump/Stokes preparation to fit picosecond CARS spectra at atmospheric pressure were examined and the relative thermometric accuracy and computational cost of these approximations were quantified for the case of a zero nonresonant CARS contribution, and a nonresonant susceptibility equal to 10% of the Raman-resonant value at the N2 bandhead. The nanosecond CARS approximation can result in large fitting errors when the probe pulse time delay is less than the probe pulse duration. Errors as large as 10–20% are observed in the fit temperatures for a zero picosecond probe pulse delay, when the nonresonant background is neglected, largely due to an inability of the time-independent cw model to capture transient frequency spread dephasing effects at the Q-branch bandhead. The inclusion of a nonresonant background results in 40–60% thermometry errors with a nanosecond model at a zero-probe delay. Time-dependent impulsive calculations used for femtosecond CARS better approximate the structure of the N2 bandhead, reducing temperature fitting errors to 5–10% at a short probe pulse delay. The impulsive approximation results in errors up to 10% at intermediate probe pulse delays, where the coherence of the pump and probe pulses leads to multiple terms in the picosecond CARS solution. Both approximations improve as the probe pulse delay exceeds the probe duration. The nanosecond approximation results in a 2–3% error, while the impulsive model results in differences of less than 1% in some cases. Fits to experimental data obtained using short, ∼60ps pulses at a zero probe time delay and longer 100 ps pulses at a substantial 200 ps delay are presented with accuracies of 1–3% in the fit temperature.
Prevalence, spatial distribution and determinants of infant mortality in Ethiopia: Findings from the 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Techane Masresha Asmare , Wubneh Chalachew Adugna , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Muhye Addis Bilal , Kassie Destaye Guadie , Wondim Amare , Terefe Bewuketu , Tarekegn Bethelihem Tigabu , Ali Mohammed Seid , Fentie Beletech , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Tekeba Berhan , Kassa Selam Fisiha , Desta Bogale Kassahun , Ayele Amare Demsie , Dessie Melkamu Tilahun , Atalell Kendalem Asmare 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionInfant mortality declined globally in the last three decades. However, it is still a major public health concern in Ethiopia. The burden of infant mortality varies geographically with the highest rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although different kinds of literature are available regarding infant mortality in Ethiopia, an up to date information is needed to design strategies against the problem. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, show the spatial variations and identify determinants of infant mortality in Ethiopia.MethodsThe prevalence, spatial distribution, and predictors of infant mortality among 5,687 weighted live births were investigated using secondary data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2019. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to determine the spatial dependency of infant mortality. The spatial clustering of infant mortality was studied using hotspot analyses. In an unsampled area, ordinary interpolation was employed to forecast infant mortality. A mixed multilevel logistic regression model was used to find determinants of infant mortality. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were judged statistically significant and adjusted odds ratios with 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated.ResultThe prevalence of infant mortality in Ethiopia was 44.5 infant deaths per 1000 live births with significant spatial variations across the country. The highest rate of infant mortality was observed in Eastern, Northwestern, and Southwestern parts of Ethiopia. Maternal age between 15&19 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.51, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.37, 4.61) and 45&49(AOR = 5.72, 95% CI: 2.81, 11.67), having no antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.79) and Somali region (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.05, 7.36) were significantly associated with infant mortality in Ethiopia.ConclusionIn Ethiopia, infant mortality was higher than the worldwide objective with significant spatial variations. As a result, policy measures and strategies aimed at lowering infant mortality should be devised and strengthened in clustered areas of the country. Special attention should be also given to infants born to mothers in the age groups of 15–19 and 45–49, infants of mothers with no antenatal care checkups, and infants born to mothers living in the Somali region.