bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced RNAi does not provide efficient innate antiviral immunity in mice
Authors: Kulmann Marcos Iuri Roos , Taborska Eliska , Benköova Brigita , Palus Martin , Drobek Ales , Horvat Filip , Pasulka Josef , Malik Radek , Salyova Eva , Hönig Vaclav , Pellerova Michaela , Borsanyiova Maria , Nedvedova Lenka , Stepanek Ondrej , Bopegamage Shubhada , Ruzek Daniel , Svoboda Petr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In RNA interference (RNAi), long double-stranded RNA is cleaved by the Dicer endonuclease into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which guide degradation of complementary RNAs. While RNAi mediates antiviral innate immunity in plants and many invertebrates, vertebrates have adopted a sequence-independent response and their Dicer produces siRNAs inefficiently because it is adapted to process small hairpin microRNA precursors in the gene-regulating microRNA pathway. Mammalian endogenous RNAi is thus a rudimentary pathway of unclear significance. To investigate its antiviral potential, we modified the mouse Dicer locus to express a truncated variant (DicerΔHEL1) known to stimulate RNAi and we analyzed how DicerΔHEL1/wt mice respond to four RNA viruses: coxsackievirus B3 and encephalomyocarditis virus from Picornaviridae; tick-borne encephalitis virus from Flaviviridae; and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) from Arenaviridae. Increased Dicer activity in DicerΔHEL1/wt mice did not elicit any antiviral effect, supporting an insignificant antiviral function of endogenous mammalian RNAi in vivo. However, we also observed that sufficiently high expression of DicerΔHEL1 suppressed LCMV in embryonic stem cells and in a transgenic mouse model. Altogether, mice with increased Dicer activity offer a new benchmark for identifying and studying viruses susceptible to mammalian RNAi in vivo.
The urban geography of pop in sixties Britain
Authors: Gunn Simon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The explosion of pop culture in Britain between the late 1950s and the late sixties is usually taken to have been an urban phenomenon. Pop was the ‘sound of the city’ in Britain as much as America. But what kind of ‘urban’ was involved—big city, small town, centre, suburb? What kind of geographical reach did pop have across the different parts of the United Kingdom in the 1960s? What was the significance of London in a cultural movement that was simultaneously national and international? Understanding where pop was made and performed in its formative years helps explain why it took off so spectacularly in sixties Britain; it illuminates why post-war Britain was so receptive to and generative of pop music as well as the music’s nationwide appeal. In this respect, the article contributes not just to the history of pop music and youth but to the larger cultural history of post-war Britain.
TAK-994 Mechanistic Investigation into Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Shinozawa Tadahiro , Miyamoto Kazumasa , Baker Kevin S , Faber Samantha C , Flores Ramon , Uetrecht Jack , von Hehn Christian , Yukawa Tomoya , Tohyama Kimio , Kadali Harisha , von Grotthuss Marcin , Sudo Yusuke , Smith Erin N , Diogo Dorothée , Zhu Andy Z X , Dragan Yvonne , Cebers Gvido , Wagoner Matthew P 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The frequency of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in clinical trials remains a challenge for drug developers despite advances in human hepatotoxicity models and improvements in reducing liver-related attrition in preclinical species. TAK-994, an oral orexin receptor 2 agonist, was withdrawn from phase II clinical trials due to the appearance of severe DILI. Here, we investigate the likely mechanism of TAK-994 DILI in hepatic cell culture systems examined cytotoxicity, mitochondrial toxicity, impact on drug transporter proteins, and covalent binding. Hepatic liabilities were absent in rat and non-human primate safety studies, however, murine studies initiated during clinical trials revealed hepatic single-cell necrosis following cytochrome P450 induction at clinically relevant doses. Hepatic cell culture experiments uncovered wide margins to known mechanisms of intrinsic DILI, including cytotoxicity (&gt;100× Cmax/IC50), mitochondrial toxicity (&gt;100× Cmax/IC50), and bile salt efflux pump inhibition (&gt;20× Css, avg/IC50). A potential covalent binding liability was uncovered with TAK-994 following hepatic metabolism consistent with idiosyncratic DILI and the delayed-onset clinical toxicity. Although idiosyncratic DILI is challenging to detect preclinically, reductions in total daily dose and covalent binding can reduce the covalent body binding burden and, subsequently, the clinical incidence of idiosyncratic DILI.
Daily Path Areas and Location Use During and After Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Langley Jodi , Campbell Nerissa , Warburton Darren , Rhodes Ryan E. , Sweet Shane , Giacomantonio Nicholas , Rainham Daniel , Strachan Shaelyn , Saunders Travis , Blanchard Chris 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Little research has focused on the potential impact that the environment plays in shaping cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patient sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA). To address this, the current study generated daily path areas (DPAs) based on the locations they visited during and after they completed CR.

Methods:
Patients in CR (n = 66) completed a survey and wore an accelerometer and Global Positioning System receiver for 7 days early (first month), late (last 2 weeks of program), and 3 months after completing CR.

Results:
Individual DPAs were approximately 24 km2 at baseline and remained stable over time. Location-based analyses showed that most patients’ ST and PA time was spent at home, followed by other residential, commercial, work, and CR locations. However, the time spent in certain locations (eg, parks and recreation locations) fluctuated during and after CR by intensity.

Conclusions:
CR patient DPA was stable over time. Within this space, they primarily engaged in ST and PA at home. However, when not home, the distribution of location use varied across a number of locations that extended well beyond their neighborhoods. Therefore, proximity to home may not be a barrier for CR patients in relation to their ST and PA.
Evaluating for Health Equity in a Safety Net Hospital
Authors: Washington-Plaskett Tulani , Gilman Joshua P. , Quinn Emily , Zombeck Stephanie , Balady Gary 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Uncovering the racial/ethnic health disparities that exist within cardiovascular medicine offers potential to mitigate treatment gaps that might affect outcomes. Socioeconomic status (SES) may be a more appropriate underlying factor to assess these disparities. We aimed to evaluate whether adherence, attendance, and outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation are associated with SES in a safety net hospital.

Methods:
We analyzed 542 patients in a retrospective cohort study of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Program at Boston Medical Center from 2016 to 2019. Enrollees had a mean age of 59.4 years, 34% were female, 42% Black, and 12% Hispanic. The zip codes of each enrollee were used to obtain their area deprivation index (ADI). The ADI reflects income, education, employment, and housing quality within a given zip code. Associations between ADI and adherence and attendance rate were evaluated while controlling for covariates. Secondary outcomes included associations of ADI with change in exercise capacity, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, weight, quality of life, nutrition, and depression scores.

Results:
We applied logistic regression to examine the association between adherence and ADI with adjustment on the covariates. The attendance rate was analyzed with negative binomial regression with percent of sessions attended as prescribed as a dependent variable and adjusted on the same covariates. The primary outcome revealed no association for ADI with adherence to cardiac rehabilitation (OR = 0.91: 95% CI, 0.74-1.12) or attendance rate (RR = 0.91: 95% CI, 0.80-1.04). Utilizing multiple linear regression, secondary outcomes improved among patients regardless of ADI.

Conclusions:
We found equity in our cardiac rehabilitation program outcomes despite SES.
A novel suture-free nephroplication with 4D-printed biodegradable bag for giant hydronephrosis: initial experience from hydromechanics and clinical application
Authors: Zhang Fuxun , Jiao Yong , Zhang Lele , Meng Zijie , Xiong Yang , Ji Yunhua , Luo Zhirong , Xue Qi , Guo Xuyan , Tan Xiao , Chen Lei , He Jiankang , Zhang Bo 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Giant hydronephrosis as an rare condition is often caused by chronic ureteral obstruction. Nephroplication is a crucial procedure to improve urinary drainage in the kidney-sparing surgery for patients with giant hydronephrosis. However, traditional nephroplication via suturing kidney has technical difficulty and many potential risks.

Materials and methods:
We devised a novel suture-free nephroplication by using a 4 dimension (4D)-printed biodegradable bag. Structures of the bag were observed by a scanning electron microscope. Hydromechanical analysis was conducted to explore the mechanism of this novel surgery. Patients with giant hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) were recruited. Computed tomography (CT) and renal emission computed tomography (ECT) were used to evaluate the renal morphology and function in preoperative examination and follow-up.

Results:
4D-printed biodegradable bag was fabricated using polycaprolactone (PCL). Hydromechanical analysis indicated that reduced space of renal pelvis after the nephroplication could improve urinary drainage. Finally, three patients were recruited, and underwent this novel suture-free nephroplication successfully. Postoperative CT and renal ECT performed at three months after the operation revealed significant recovery of affected kidney. Among them, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of affected kidneys in two patients increased from less than 10 mL/min to 13.11 mL/min and 14.30 mL/min respectively, indicating the significant recovery of split renal function.

Conclusions:
This is a novel suture-free nephroplication for treating benign giant hydronephrosis, in which the 4D-printed biodegradable bag simplified and standardized surgical procedures significantly. Initial experience from clinical application is encouraging, suggesting that the nephrectomy for patients with benign giant hydronephrosis might be avoided. Future investigations on long-term outcomes of this new surgery are warranted.
Systematic Review of COVID-19 and COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Myocarditis in Athletes: Incidence, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Return-to-Play Principles
Authors: Mahneva Olena , Fakhoury Tamara R. , Hanspal Sukhwinder Singh , Gonzalez Velazquez Juan O. , Patel Nikhil , Henzlova Milena J. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the original peer-reviewed studies on athletes who developed myocarditis after coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection or after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Both entities likely have an immunologic component. We discuss elite, professional, college, and adolescent athletes. The athletes are generally young and healthy, representing a distinctive population group that differs from the general population. This review includes diagnosis of myocarditis, incidence, complications, prognosis, and return-to-play guidance for sports medicine clinicians and coaches.

Data Sources:
We surveyed the PUBMED, Embase, and Web of Science databases for the relevant peer-reviewed articles in the English language published from the onset of the pandemic until April 2023. Included were original observational studies and case series. Excluded were individual case reports and a small series with incomplete data. The resulting search yielded 30 original articles.

Main Results:
Reported myocardial abnormalities in athletes were rare after COVID-19 infection and even less frequent after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. True incidence, however, may be higher because of under-reporting and frequent asymptomatic presentation. Male gender was prevalent for both manifestations; postvaccination myocarditis occurrence was the highest after the second vaccine dose. Diagnostic and return-to-play algorithms were developed and should be adopted and followed.

Conclusions:
The risk of myocarditis from COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 mRNA vaccination is very low. The long-term prognosis and evolution of the observed cardiac magnetic resonance abnormalities are currently unknown. Although inferences can be made from the published data, COVID-19 and postvaccine myocarditis in athletes may represent only a small fraction of the true incidence of those who have been affected worldwide and not evaluated.
Effect of low birth weight and preterm delivery on the development of childhood celiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis on observational studies
Authors: Bahardoust Mansour , Delpisheh Ali , Rashidi Shabnam , Haghmoradi Meisam , Goodarzy Babak , Jouybari Reza Mahdian 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Whether low birth weight (LBW) and preterm delivery (PD) are associated with the risk of developing celiac disease (CD) in children remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between LBW and PD with CD development in children.

Recent findings
We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases based on the Mesh terms to find observational studies that investigated the association of LBW and PD with CD development in children up to July 18, 2024. This systematic review was based on the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed with Cochran's Q and I
2 tests. Meta-regression was used to control heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test. Finally, ten studies involving 3 434 290 participants were included. Based on 10 studies, the pooled prevalence of LBW was 6.4 per 1000 children with CD. A pooled estimate of ten studies did not show a significant relationship between LBW and the risk of developing CD in children [odds ratio (OR): 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76, 1.16, I2: 67.9%, P: 0.001). Also, the pooled estimate of six studies did not show a significant relationship between PD and the risk of developing CD in children (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.16, I
2: 67.5%, P: 0.001).

Summary
We found no evidence of an association between LBW and PD with the risk of developing CD in children.
Red blood cell changes due to cancer and cancer treatments: a narrative review
Authors: Finnigan Deirdre , Hajjaj Omar I. , Othman Maha 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
To date, there is relatively limited research investigating changes in red blood cells (RBCs), particularly qualitative changes, in cancer patients and cancer patients receiving treatment. These changes may be important in better understanding cancer-associated anemia, which is the most prevalent hematological disorder in cancer patients with wide-ranging implications on patient care and quality of life. This review aims to summarize available evidence regarding qualitative and quantitative changes in RBCs in individuals with cancer prior to treatment and in patients undergoing treatment.

Recent findings
The most commonly reported changes in RBCs in cancer patients were increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and decreased hemoglobin, RBC count, and hematocrit. There were increased lipid peroxidation products and decreased antioxidants. There were increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (FAs). Additionally, RBC shape alterations with various atypical morphologies, membrane structure abnormalities, and impaired fluidity were also reported. These and various other reported findings are discussed in depth.

Summary
There are several reported quantitative and qualitative RBC changes in individuals with cancer, with some studies exhibiting conflicting results. Further research is needed to solidify the data and to better understand hematological-associated comorbidities in those patients.
Parapharyngeal space metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma: indications and limits of different surgical approaches
Authors: Fermi Matteo , Liberale Carlotta , Molteni Gabriele 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
The aim of this review is to investigate the most suitable surgical approach to managing parapharyngeal space (PPS) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) metastasis.

Recent findings
SCC metastasis in PPS are extremely rare. The PPS itself is a complex anatomical area, requiring extensive surgical experience and various surgical approaches for effective management. Several authors have attempted to systematize the surgical approaches to the PPS based on the anatomical location and histological nature of the lesions. However, there are currently few studies in the literature on the specific management of SCC metastases in the PPS, as these lesions are extremely rare.

Summary
The treatment of SCC metastases in the PPS must be determined based on the individual patient. If the patient is a candidate for surgery, the surgical approach should be chosen based on the location of the metastases and must ensure a sufficiently wide surgical corridor to allow for as complete a resection as possible. To date, the surgical approach that best meets these requirements is the transcervical transparotid approach. With new technologies, including the use of robotics and endoscopy, surgery can become increasingly less invasive while maintaining the wide exposure provided by open surgical procedures.
How should we bend the curve of biodiversity loss to build a just and sustainable future?
Authors: Bridle Jon , Balmford Andrew , Durant Sarah M. , Gregory Richard D. , Pearson Richard , Purvis Andy 
Published: January 2025

Current rates of habitat and biodiversity loss, and the threat they pose to ecological and economic productivity, would be considered a global emergency even if they were not occurring during a period of rapid anthropogenic climate change. Diversity at all levels of biological organization, both within and among species, and across genomes and communities, is critical for the resilience of the world’s ecosystems in the face of such change. However, it remains an urgent scientific challenge to understand how biodiversity underpins these ecological outputs, how patterns of biodiversity are being affected by current threats, and how and where such biodiversity contributes most directly to human economies, well-being and social justice. In addition, even with such scientific understanding, there is a pressing need for societies to incorporate biodiversity protection into their economies and governance, and to stop subsidizing the loss of humanity’s future prosperity for short-term private benefit. We highlight key issues and ways forward in these areas, inspired by the research and career of Dame Georgina Mace FRS, and by our discussions during the Royal Society meeting of June 2023.
This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Bending the curve towards nature recovery: building on Georgina Mace's legacy for a biodiverse future’.
Intertwined people–nature relations are central to nature-based adaptation to climate change
Authors: Locatelli Bruno , Lavorel Sandra , Colloff Matthew J. , Crouzat Emilie , Bruley Enora , Fedele Giacomo , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne , Plieninger Tobias , Andersson Erik , Abbott Mick , Butler James , Devisscher Tahia , Djoudi Houria , Dubo Titouan , González-García Alberto , Karim Paulina G. , Múnera-Roldán Claudia , Neyret Margot , Quétier Fabien , Salliou Nicolas , Walters Gretchen 
Published: January 2025

Adaptation to climate change is a social–ecological process: it is not solely a result of natural processes or human decisions but emerges from multiple relations within social systems, within ecological systems and between them. We propose a novel analytical framework to evaluate social–ecological relations in nature-based adaptation, encompassing social (people–people), ecological (nature–nature) and social–ecological (people–nature) relations. Applying this framework to 25 case studies, we analyse the associations among these relations and identify archetypes of social–ecological adaptation. Our findings revealed that adaptation actions with more people–nature relations mobilize more social and ecological relations. We identified four archetypes, with distinct modes of adaptation along a gradient of people–nature interaction scores, summarized as: (i) nature control; (ii) biodiversity-based; (iii) ecosystem services-based; and (iv) integrated approaches. This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of nature-based adaptation, highlighting the importance of integrating diverse relations across social and ecological systems. Our findings offer valuable insights for informing the design and implementation of adaptation strategies and policies.
This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Bending the curve towards nature recovery: building on Georgina Mace's legacy for a biodiverse future’.
Intrahousehold dynamics in South Asia: understanding the relationships among women’s empowerment, task sharing, women’s decision making, and diets
Authors: Kumar Neha , Quisumbing Agnes , Manohar Swetha , Banerjee Archis , Gupta Shivani , Chauhan Alka , Patwardhan Sharvari , Koirala Uma ,   TAFSSA collaborators
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDespite the growing evidence on women’s roles in agriculture and nutrition, interlinkages between women’s empowerment, gendered task allocation, and nutrition are rarely studied together. Using data from the Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia (TAFSSA), a household survey that used a “plate to farm” assessment approach in three countries (Bangladesh, India and Nepal), the paper investigates the associations between women’s empowerment, gendered task allocation, women’s decision-making, and women’s diets. Our findings reveal complex and context-specific differences in associations between task allocation, decision-making and women’s empowerment. While agency in women’s decision-making is positively associated with empowerment in all three country contexts, associations between gendered task allocation and empowerment vary. The share of tasks performed by females, particularly in agriculture and food preparation) is positively associated with women’s empowerment, but the proportion of tasks shared equally between males and females does not necessarily empower women. Gendered task allocation and women’s empowerment are not significantly associated with women’s diets in the three countries, owing to the greater importance of broader socio-economic and context-specific factors such as wealth, education, and regional factors in explaining the variance in dietary outcomes. These findings highlight the need to take a holistic approach that addresses gender norms and household resource constraints to improving women’s empowerment, while also addressing local accessibility/availability of nutritious foods to enhance the quality of women’s diets.