bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alanine dehydrogenases from four different microorganisms: characterization and their application in L-alanine production
Authors: Gu Pengfei , Ma Qianqian , Zhao Shuo , Li Qiang , Gao Juan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) belongs to oxidoreductases, and it exists in several different bacteria species and plays a key role in microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism, spore formation and photosynthesis. In addition, AlaDH can also be applied in biosynthesis of L-alanine from cheap carbon source, such as glucose.

Results
To achieve a better performance of L-alanine accumulation, system evaluation and comparison of different AlaDH with potential application value are essential. In this study, enzymatic properties of AlaDH from Bacillus subtilis 168 (BsAlaDH), Bacillus cereus (BcAlaDH), Mycobacterium smegmatis MC2 155 (MsAlaDH) and Geobacillus stearothermophilus (GsAlaDH) were firstly carefully investigated. Four different AlaDHs have few similarities in optimum temperature and optimum pH, while they also exhibited significant differences in enzyme activity, substrate affinity and enzymatic reaction rate. The wild E. coli BL21 with these four AlaDHs could produce 7.19 g/L, 7.81 g/L, 6.39 g/L and 6.52 g/L of L-alanine from 20 g/L glucose, respectively. To further increase the L-alanine titer, competitive pathways for L-alanine synthesis were completely blocked in E. coli. The final strain M-6 could produce 80.46 g/L of L-alanine with a yield of 1.02 g/g glucose after 63 h fed-batch fermentation, representing the highest yield for microbial L-alanine production.

Conclusions
Enzyme assay, biochemical characterization and structure analysis of BsAlaDH, BcAlaDH, MsAlaDH and GsAlaDH were carried out. In addition, application potential of these four AlaDHs in L-alanine productions were explored. The strategies here can be applied for developing L-alanine producing strains with high titers.
Quercetin inhibits Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite proliferation and acts synergically with azithromycin
Authors: Abugri Daniel A. , Wijerathne Sandani V. T. , Sharma Homa Nath , Ayariga Joseph A. , Napier Audrey , Robertson Boakai K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuercetin (QUE) is a natural polyphenol known to have numerous pharmacological properties against infectious and non-infectious diseases. Azithromycin (AZ) is an antibiotic that belongs to the azalide class of antimicrobials and an antiparasitic that is known to be effective in combination with clindamycin against pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine-resistant Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in clinical settings. Both compounds are known to target protein synthesis and have anti-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about QUE and AZ synergistic interaction against T. gondii growth. Here, we report for the first time the effects of the combination of QUE and AZ on T. gondii growth. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for QUE at 72 h of interaction was determined to be 0.50 µM, whereas AZ gave an IC50 value of 0.66 µM at 72 h of interaction with parasites. Combination testing of QUE and AZ in a ratio of 2:1 (QUE:AZ) showed an IC50 value of 0.081 µM. Interestingly, a fractional inhibitory index value of 0.28 was observed, indicating a strong synergy. QUE was also found to upregulate the generation of reactive oxygen species and cause dysfunction of the mitochondria membrane of both intracellular and extracellular T. gondii tachyzoites. Overall, the results indicate that QUE is a novel lead capable of synergizing with AZ for inhibiting T. gondii growth and may merit future investigation in vivo for possible combination drug development.
Graphical Abstract
A method to recommend cloud manufacturing service based on the spectral clustering and improved Slope one algorithm
Authors: Hu Qiang , Qi Haoquan , Huang Wen , Liu Minghua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe booming growth of cloud manufacturing services provides users with more choices. However, cloud manufacturing service recommendation remains a challenging issue due to numerous similar candidate services and diverse user preferences. The purpose of this paper is to provide an efficient and accurate cloud manufacturing service recommendation method. A spectral clustering algorithm is first designed to cluster the cloud manufacturing services. Then the candidate rating service set is constructed based on the service clusters by service function comparison and parameter matching. Finally, an improved Slope one algorithm, which integrates user similarity and service similarity, is proposed to rate the cloud manufacturing services. The top-k services with the highest scores are recommended to the users. Experiments show that the proposed method can provide more accurate service rating with less time consumption. The service recommendation performance of this method is also proved to be superior to other methods in terms of precision, recall, and F-score.
Tackling global health security by building an academic community for One Health action
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Xi , Li Xin-Chen , Zhang Qi-Yu , Liu Jing-Shu , Han Le-Fei , Lederman Zohar , Schurer Janna M. , Poeta Patrícia , Rahman Md. Tanvir , Li Shi-Zhu , Kassegne Kokouvi , Yin Kun , Zhu Yong-Zhang , Xia Shang , He Lu , Hu Qin-Qin , Xiu Le-Shan , Xue Jing-Bo , Zhao Han-Qing , Wang Xi-Han , Wu Logan , Guo Xiao-Kui , Wang Zhao-Jun , Schwartländer Bernhard , Ren Ming-Hui , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
One Health approach is crucial to tackling complex global public health threats at the interface of humans, animals, and the environment. As outlined in the One Health Joint Plan of Action, the international One Health community includes stakeholders from different sectors. Supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, an academic community for One Health action has been proposed with the aim of promoting the understanding and real-world implementation of One Health approach and contribution towards the Sustainable Development Goals for a healthy planet.

Main text
The proposed academic community would contribute to generating high-quality scientific evidence, distilling local experiences as well as fostering an interconnected One Health culture and mindset, among various stakeholders on different levels and in all sectors. The major scope of the community covers One Health governance, zoonotic diseases, food security, antimicrobial resistance, and climate change along with the research agenda to be developed. The academic community will be supported by two committees, including a strategic consultancy committee and a scientific steering committee, composed of influential scientists selected from the One Health information database. A workplan containing activities under six objectives is proposed to provide research support, strengthen local capacity, and enhance global participation.

Conclusions
The proposed academic community for One Health action is a crucial step towards enhancing communication, coordination, collaboration, and capacity building for the implementation of One Health. By bringing eminent global experts together, the academic community possesses the potential to generate scientific evidence and provide advice to local governments and international organizations, enabling the pursuit of common goals, collaborative policies, and solutions to misaligned interests.

Graphical Abstract
Multi-center evaluation of machine learning-based radiomic model in predicting disease free survival and adjuvant chemotherapy benefit in stage II colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Zhu Hui , Hu Muni , Ma Yanru , Yao Xun , Lin Xiaozhu , Li Menglei , Li Yue , Wu Zhiyuan , Shi Debing , Tong Tong , Chen Haoyan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Our study aimed to explore the potential of radiomics features derived from CT images in predicting the prognosis and response to adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in patients with Stage II colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
A total of 478 patients with confirmed stage II CRC, with 313 from Shanghai (Training set) and 165 from Beijing (Validation set) were enrolled. Optimized features were selected using GridSearchCV and Iterative Feature Elimination (IFE) algorithm. Subsequently, we developed an ensemble random forest classifier to predict the probability of disease relapse.We evaluated the performance of the model using the concordance index (C-index), precision-recall curves, and area under the precision-recall curves (AUCPR).

Results
A radiomic model (namely the RF5 model) consisting of four radiomics features and T stage were developed. The RF5 model performed better than simple radiomics features or T stage alone, with higher C-index and AUCPR, as well as better sensitivity and specificity (C-indexRF5: 0.836; AUCPR = 0.711; Sensitivity = 0.610; Specificity = 0.935). We identified an optimal cutoff value of 0.1215 to split patients into high- or low-score subgroups, with those in the low-score group having better disease-free survival (DFS) (Training Set: P = 1.4e-11; Validation Set: P = 0.015). Furthermore, patients in the high-score group who received ACT had better DFS compared to those who did not receive ACT (P = 0.04). However, no statistical difference was found in low-score patients (P = 0.17).

Conclusion
The radiomic model can serve as a reliable tool for assessing prognosis and identifying the optimal candidates for ACT in Stage II CRC patients.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered.
The DOTA macrocyclic cavity in metallic radiopharmaceuticals: Mythology or reality?
Authors: Duatti Adriano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The hypothetical concept of ‘macrocyclic cavity’ is largely employed as useful model to interpret the affinity of metal ions for the macrocyclic chelating ligand 2,2′,2′′,2′′′-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetic acid (H4DOTA). It Is hypothesized that a close matching between the size of the macrocyclic cavity and that of the metallic ion is a key parameter to ensure the high-yield formation of stable coordination metal-DOTA complex. This approach has become popular in the design of radiopharmaceuticals containing radiometals and H4DOTA as chelating group.

Results
Based on X-ray structural data of metallic complexes formed by the ligand H4DOTA upon coordination with a variety of metals, an elementary argument based on Euclidean geometry is presented here that questions the existence of the hypothetical ‘macrocyclic cavity’ within the chelator macrocycle. The geometrical analysis was applied to the complex formed by a Ga3+ ion coordinated to H4DOTA as model compound.

Conclusions
Application of Euclidean geometry to calculate bond angles in the coordination complex of the ligand H4DOTA with the Ga+3 ion, supposed to incorporate a hypothetical ‘macrocyclic cavity’, revealed that this conceptual entity has no physical reality and, therefore, cannot be considered a meaningful description of a stable structural arrangement for metallic radiopharmaceuticals.
Relationship pattern of enteric bacterial load and assessed micronutrients in the gut of Clarias gariepinus fish sampled in the Ibadan municipal zone
Authors: Umma Samuel Bem , Iyiola Adams Ovie , Adeshina Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Farmed fish are faced with factors like microflora and micronutrients that could impact their prime health. There is no clear understanding of some specific bacterial flora amidst micronutrients in the gut of the African sharp-tooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus); hence, this study investigated the encountered bacterial flora, micronutrients and their interactions with the aid of standard microbiological procedures and atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Results
The bacterial counts in the Ibadan municipal zones were significantly different (P˂0.05) across each sampling week, with prevalence ranging from 0.40 ± 0.1 in Ibadan North to 0.10 ± 0.00 in Ibadan Northwest. The pattern of encountered bacterial flora indicated Ibadan North (Enterobacter species: 3.70 ± 0.07 × 106 CFU/g) as the prevalent. The assessed gut micronutrients were significantly different (P˂0.05) across the farm areas; however, sodium was not significantly different (P˂0.05) in Ibadan Northeast (0.97 ± 0.02) and Ibadan Southwest (0.98 ± 0.01), manganese in Ibadan North (10.50 ± 0.07) and Ibadan Northeast (11.00 ± 0.71), cobalt in Ibadan North (0.00 ± 0.00), Ibadan Northeast (0.00 ± 0.00) and Ibadan Southeast (0.00 ± 0.00). Zinc (92.55 ± 0.01 mg/kg), chromium (13.11 ± 0.22 mg/kg), cadmium (0.82 ± 0.00 mg/kg) and cobalt (6.94 ± 0.22 mg/kg) were predominantly high in Ibadan Northwest, sodium (0.98 ± 0.01 mg/kg) in Ibadan Southwest, lead (4.37 ± 0.01 mg/kg) and copper (34.10 ± 0.07 mg/kg) in Ibadan Southeast. The gut bacterial were positively correlated with manganese, iron, zinc, nickel, potassium and sodium; however, they were negatively correlated with copper, lead, chromium, cadmium and cobalt.

Conclusions
Therefore, the present study identified some fish farm areas in the Ibadan municipal zones with prevalent gut bacterial load; this is possibly due to the state of the culture environment and also the interactions of the gut bacterial flora with micronutrients, which could be a potential health indicator.
MRm-DLDet: a memory-resident malware detection framework based on memory forensics and deep neural network
Authors: Liu Jiaxi , Feng Yun , Liu Xinyu , Zhao Jianjun , Liu Qixu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCyber attackers have constantly updated their attack techniques to evade antivirus software detection in recent years. One popular evasion method is to execute malicious code and perform malicious actions only in memory. Malicious programs that use this attack method are called memory-resident malware, with excellent evasion capability, and have posed huge threats to cyber security. Traditional static and dynamic methods are not effective in detecting memory-resident malware. In addition, existing memory forensics detection solutions perform unsatisfactorily in detection rate and depend on massive expert knowledge in memory analysis. This paper proposes MRm-DLDet, a state-of-the-art memory-resident malware detection framework, to overcome these drawbacks. MRm-DLDet first builds a virtual machine environment and captures memory dumps, then creatively processes the memory dumps into RGB images using a pre-processing technique that combines deduplication and ultra-high resolution image cropping, followed by our neural network MRmNet in MRm-DLDet to fully extract high-dimensional features from memory dump files and detect them. MRmNet receives the labeled sub-images of the cropped high-resolution RGB images as input of ResNet-18, which extracts the features of the sub-images. Then trains a network of gated recurrent units with an attention mechanism. Finally, it determines whether a program is memory-resident malware based on the detection results of each sub-image through a specially designed voting layer. We created a high-quality dataset consisting of 2,060 benign and memory-resident programs. In other words, the dataset contains 1,287,500 labeled sub-images cut from the MRm-DLDet transformed ultra-high resolution RGB images. We implement MRm-DLDet for Windows 10, and it performs better than the latest methods, with a detection accuracy of up to 98.34$$\%$$%. Moreover, we measured the effects of mimicry and adversarial attacks on MRm-DLDet, and the experimental results demonstrated the robustness of MRm-DLDet.
Sleep disorders linked to quality of life in a sample of Egyptian policemen a comparative study between shift workers and non-shift workers
Authors: Naguib Rehab Mohamed , Omar Abdel Nasser Mahmoud , ElKhayat Naglaa Mohamed , Khalil Sherien Ahmed , Kotb Mostafa Ahmed Mohamed , Azzam Lobna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Poor sleep is associated with bad health outcomes, worse well-being and decreases in performance, productivity and safety at work. Police officers are exposed to several risk factors including extended work schedules, shift work, occupational stress, dangerous and traumatic events and can, as such, develop sleep problems.
So, this study aimed to compare quality of life, occupational stress level, between shift and non-shift workers’ policemen working at El-Agouza Police Hospital.
This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted on 64 policemen working in 6 different Police department recruited from sleep clinic neuropsychiatry department at EL-Agouza Police Hospital serving police officers in El-Nile Street, Giza, Egypt. The total included cases were classified to two groups: group I (shift workers) included 32 of shift workers who provide service across, all 24 h of the clock each day of the week (often abbreviated as 24/7), group II (non-shift workers): included 32 of non-shift workers.

Results
Occurrence of sleep disorders was significantly higher in the shift workers compared to the non-shift worker group (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
In the current population-based study of police officers, poor sleep quality was more prevalent among officers who were engaged in shift work. The findings are consistent with prior evidence that night shift carried the greatest risk of poor sleep quality because night-shift officers have to make some adaptations that compensate for their natural circadian patterns.
A retrospective observational study over surgical management of giant thoracic tumours: horrendous but manageable
Authors: Darbari Anshuman , Dutt Bhaskar , Kumar Ajay , Goswami Aakansha Giri , Starlet Abisho R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Giant thoracic tumour (GTT) does not have a clear definition, but, as per usual terminology, they are thoracic masses whose long axis is > 10 cm or covering more than 50% of the hemithorax. The mediastinum is a unique space in the thoracic cavity that can have a wide range of masses of different cellular origins imposing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This retrospective observational study aims to evaluate the surgical treatment outcomes of giant intrathoracic tumours and final histopathological diagnosis with evidence for manageability. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines has been followed for reporting this observational study.

Results
Between January 2018 and December 2022, the medical data of a total of 11 patients (06 males, 05 females; age range, 05 to 52 years) who underwent radical surgery for GTT in our centre were retrospectively reviewed in this observational study. We evaluated presenting symptoms, radiological findings, presumptive pathological diagnosis, and surgically excised mass gross and histopathological examination. Six (54.5%) of our patients were male, and five (45.5%) were female. The age range was between 05 and 52 years. The tumour localisations of our patients were five (45.5%) hemithorax and six (54.5%) mediastinal. The largest excised mass was 26 × 24 × 12 cm, and the heaviest mass was 3600 g. All patients underwent conventional open surgery. The overall survival was 100%, with no immediate postoperative mortality, indicating an excellent prognosis despite a dreadful appearance.

Conclusion
Due to neighbouring vascular structures, the surgical resection of manoeuvres in this crucial cavity with the excision of giant masses may be difficult and tricky. Preoperative diagnostic investigations and planning play a significant role in accurately localising the mass and the invasion possibility of adjacent vital structures. The results of this study may provide scientific evidence to guide the treatment of giant thoracic tumours in clinical practice.
A resected case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor arising in the cervical esophagus
Authors: Nakagawa Eito , Miura Akinori , Suzuki Kunihito , Saito Katsumasa , Shinohara Hajime , Ueno Koudai , Naito Yu , Motoi Toru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report herein a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), an extremely rare, esophageal malignancy. A 67-year-old, female patient presented with a nodular lesion in the cervical esophagus which was detected on follow-up computed tomography (CT) after surgery for bilateral breast cancer and gastric cancer. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a hemispheric, submucosal lesion in the cervicothoracic esophagus. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology revealed spindle-shaped cells with nuclear atypia and positive staining for the S100 protein, a neurogenic marker. Based on clear CT findings of lesion growth over two years, MPNST was diagnosed, and treatment for sarcoma was begun. After one course of preoperative chemotherapy, open resection of the esophagus was performed, revealing a solid, white tumor with a maximum diameter of 1.8 cm. The tumor was histopathologically found to be located within the intrinsic muscularis propria. Based on this finding, low-grade MPNST with a schwannoma-like component at its margins was diagnosed. Approximately 50% of MPNST cases occur against a background of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) while about 40% occur sporadically, and 10% occur after irradiation. The patient’s history of radiotherapy for left breast cancer may have contributed to the development of the MPNST.
Resource availability and capacity to implement multi-stranded cholera interventions in the north-east region of Nigeria
Authors: Elimian Kelly , Musah Anwar , Dewa Ozius , King Carina , Crawford Katerina , Pembi Emmanuel , Ike Ifeanyi , Myles Puja , Pritchard Catherine , Forsberg Birger Carl , Alfven Tobias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Limited healthcare facility (HCF) resources and capacity to implement multi-stranded cholera interventions (water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), surveillance, case management, and community engagement) can hinder the actualisation of the global strategic roadmap goals for cholera control, especially in settings made fragile by armed conflicts, such as the north-east region of Nigeria. Therefore, we aimed to assess HCF resource availability and capacity to implement these cholera interventions in Adamawa and Bauchi States in Nigeria as well as assess their coordination in both states and Abuja where national coordination of cholera is based.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a face-to-face structured questionnaire to collect data on multi-stranded cholera interventions and their respective indicators in HCFs. We generated scores to describe the resource availability of each cholera intervention and categorised them as follows: 0–50 (low), 51–70 (moderate), 71–90 (high), and over 90 (excellent). Further, we defined an HCF with a high capacity to implement a cholera intervention as one with a score equal to or above the average intervention score.

Results
One hundred and twenty HCFs (55 in Adamawa and 65 in Bauchi) were surveyed in March 2021, most of which were primary healthcare centres (83%; 99/120). In both states, resource availability for WASH indicators had high to excellent median scores; surveillance and community engagement indicators had low median scores. Median resource availability scores for case management indicators ranged from low to moderate. Coordination of cholera interventions in Adamawa State and Abuja was high but low in Bauchi State. Overall, HCF capacity to implement multi-stranded cholera interventions was high, though higher in Adamawa State than in Bauchi State.

Conclusions
The study found a marked variation in HCF resource availability and capacity within locations and by cholera interventions and identified cholera interventions that should be prioritised for strengthening as surveillance and laboratory, case management, and community engagement. The findings support adopting a differential approach to strengthening cholera interventions for better preparedness and response to cholera outbreaks.