bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimerized Nitrogen‐Annulated Perylene Synthesized from 1,6‐Diazecine as Chiral Emitter
Authors: Liu Guiru , Zhang Wenhao , Xiao Yao , Cao Jing , Liang Yamei , Liu Guanghua , Zhou Laiyun , Gong Jianye , Wang Jianguo , Wang Qing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, nitrogen‐annulated perylene (NP) was dimerized into one framework connected by two nitrogen atoms, generating the target molecule of DNP−DA. Owing to the substructure of 1,6‐diazecine ten‐membered ring, DNP−DA illustrates helical chirality with moderate dissymmetry factor, elevated molecular levels, expanded conjugation and supramolecular interactions with acceptors etc. Notably, DNP−DA represents a limited example of nitrogen−perylene based CPL emitter with glum around 6×10−3. Intrigued by the facile fabrication via a simple amination‐cross coupling sequence and other above advancing features, this work demonstrates the potential generality of utilizing 1,6‐diazecine as a chiral unit to build CPL‐active materials.
Modular Principle for Complex Disordered Tetrahedral Frameworks in Quenched High‐Pressure Phases of Phosphorus Oxide Nitrides
Authors: Günther Daniel , Baumann Dominik , Schnick Wolfgang , Oeckler Oliver 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe crystal structures of the new phosphorus oxide nitrides P40O31N46and P74O59N84, which were synthesized from amorphous phosphorus oxide nitride imide, exhibit complex frameworks built up from P(O,N)4tetrahedra. The latter form various chain‐like building units with various degrees of branching. These modular units can be combined and arranged in different ways, which leads to closely related structures and several disordered configurations in each compound. As the material was obtained by high‐pressure high‐temperature synthesis, the disorder is most likely a consequence of quenching a high‐pressure phase with P(O,N)5trigonal bipyramids. Under ambient conditions, P atoms are expected to relax by moving to the centers of the face‐sharing tetrahedra that constitute the bipyramid. Diffraction patterns acquired with microfocused synchrotron radiation reveal that domains of both compounds are intergrown with H3P8O8N9, whose tetrahedral framework represents a cutout of the structures of both P40O31N46and P74O59N84. Powder diffraction patterns do not indicate any further phases.
Preparation, Structure‐Performance Relationship, and Reaction Network of ZnZSM‐5 for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane with CO2
Authors: Liu Pengyu , Zhang Lina , Wang Xingbo , Du Meng , Hao Yingdong , Li Lina , Chen Xinqing , Sun Nannan , Wei Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEthylene (C2H4) is a major chemical for the modern society, and new technologies for its production are of strategic importance globally. Recently, oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (C2H6) using CO2 as a milder oxidant (CO2‐ODH) is proposed as a potential way for C2H4 production, and development of effective catalysts for the process is drawing wide attention. Here, we report on a facilely prepared ZSM‐5 supported Zn system, i. e., ZnZSM‐5, which showed great promise in CO2‐ODH. Samples with different Zn loadings were prepared and evaluated, and the highest performance was obtained over 0.05ZnZSM‐5 at 700 °C and a CO2:C2H6 feeding ratio of 5 : 1. During 340 min TOS, the C2H6 conversion decreased moderately from 36.2 % to 23.1 %, and the C2H4 yield stabilized at 21.9 % to 27.9 %. Based on systematic characterization and investigation of reaction conditions, the structure‐performance relationship and reaction network were discussed in detail.
Skin manifestations in children with inborn errors of immunity in a tertiary care hospital in Iran
Authors: Shahrbabaki Zahra Salehi , Chavoshzadeh Zahra , Abdollahimajd Fahimeh , sharafian Samin , Jamee Mahnaz , Bondarenko Anastasia , Mahdavi Tolue 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesInborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are monogenic diseases of the immune system. Despite the increasing genetic advancements, the diagnosis of IEIs still lean on clinical diagnosis. Dermatological manifestations are observed in a large number of IEI patients and can lead to proper approach and prompt intervention.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out between 2018 and 2020 on IEIs at a Children's tertiary care center in Tehran, Iran. Demographic details and age at onset of symptoms of IEI were recorded.ResultsOverall, 212 patients were included. Cutaneous findings were reported in 95 (44.8%) patients, and 61 of 95 (64.2%) reported skin lesions as the first clinical presentation. Skin infection (69, 72.6%) was the most frequent cutaneous manifestation, followed by eczematous rash (24, 25%).ConclusionsSkin manifestations are a common feature in IEI patients and are readily recognizable by healthcare providers. This study tried to provide information on prognostic consequences.
Biodiesel production from Nannochloropsis microalgal biomass‐derived oil: An experimental and theoretical study using the RSM‐CCD approach
Authors: Karimi Kimia , Saidi Majid , Moradi Pantea , Taheri Najafabadi Ali 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiodiesel production from Nannochloropsis is investigated in the current study. Based on the extraction studies, the used biomass is composed of 50% saponifiable lipids, which turns this species to a vulnerable feedstock for biodiesel production. It should also be noted that the acidity of the obtained crude bio‐oil is higher than 2 mg KOH/g, hence it was attempted to survey the biodiesel production from the obtained oil through the esterification reaction with the aid of response surface methodology (RSM). According to the data, the highest biodiesel yield (99.5%) from the bio‐oil is obtained at a reaction temperature of 69°C, a reaction time of 30 min, a methanol to oil molar ratio of 9:1, and an H2SO4 concentration of 0.13 wt.%. In the next step, the in‐situ extraction and esterification of Nannochloropsis were investigated at the observed optimum reaction conditions. Based on the analysis, biodiesel yield from the dry cell weight of the biomass is considered to be 16%, which accounts for 99% conversion of bio‐oil to biodiesel.
Usage of the Y‐Rule and the Effect of the Occurrence of Heteroatoms (N, S) on the Frontier Molecular Orbitals Gap of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Asphaltene‐PAHs
Authors: Ruiz‐Morales Yosadara , Alvarez‐Ramírez Fernando 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe understanding of the molecular‐ and colloidal‐structure of asphaltenes has seen a major progress; however, there are still issues that require answer. One of them is the location of the heteroatoms in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fused aromatic ring (FAR) region of asphaltenes. Therefore, the effect on the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO‐LUMO) energy‐gap due to the addition of a heteroatom (N or S) to PAHs, which are candidates of the PAH region in asphaltenes, has been systematically analyzed by placing S or N in various sites of the PAH molecule. The S is introduced as a thiophenic ring in a bay region, while the N is introduced as a pyridinic‐N, which are prevalent forms in the asphaltene‐PAH. 174 PAHs are studied with five fused aromatic rings (5FAR) to 10FAR. The π‐electron allocation in resonant π‐sextets and isolated double bonds is obtained using the Y‐rule. The frontier orbitals optical transition is calculated with the ZINDO/S method. Within a FAR family an increment of π‐sextets produces and increase of the HOMO‐LUMO energy‐gap. There is a linear relationship between the Y‐rule mapping (percentage of fraction of π‐sextet bond divided by nFAR) and the HOMO‐LUMO energy‐gap. In addition, the effect on the frontier orbitals energy‐gap and on the π‐electronic allocation due to the presence of N and S is negligible; therefore, to reach conclusions related to the asphaltene‐PAH based on conclusions reached for PAH systems, with no heteroatoms, is a reasonable approach.
What to do about atypical anorexia nervosa? Commentary on Walsh et al. (2023)
Authors: First Michael B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChanges made to the DSM Eating Disorders over the years have aimed to reduce the prevalence of the residual DSM Eating Disorder categories (e.g., Other Specified Eating Disorder). Atypical Anorexia Nervosa (AN), included since DSM‐IV as an example of a presentation not meeting criteria for a specific eating disorder, appears to be more prevalent than AN. It is defined as meeting all of the criteria for AN except that, after significant weight loss, weight is at or above normal. As suggested by the Walsh et al. review, lack of definitional precision will likely complicate efforts to determine whether atypical AN is best considered a variant of AN or a distinct category. Problems with the current definition of atypical AN include (1) a lack of precision regarding what constitutes “significant” weight loss; (2) whether the weight loss can occur at any point in the individual's lifetime; and (3) whether there an upper limit to weight being above normal. It is suggested that researchers develop consensus diagnostic criteria and assessment tools to facilitate the collection of empirical data about atypical AN in order to lay the groundwork for future decisions about its nosological status.
Controlling of the Late Palaeozoic glaciation on reef evolution: A case study of a late Kasimovian coral reef in southern Guizhou, South China
Authors: Wang Lifu , Gong Enpu , Yang Zhenyuan , Guan Changqing , Zhang Yongli , Huang Wentao 
Published: February 2023

A late Kasimovian (Pennsylvanian) coral reef is reported in the Yanbanzhai (YBZ) area, southern Guizhou Province, South China. The YBZ coral reef, with a thickness of approximately 5.5 m and a lateral exposure of nearly 50 m, is primarily composed of the colonial rugose coral Fomichevella. The fusulinids collected from the reef indicates a late Kasimovian age. Five microfacies types have been identified, including coated bioclastic grainstone, coral (Fomichevella) framestone, bioclastic wackestone, bioclastic grainstone, and peloidal grainstone. The vertical evolution of the microfacies in the YBZ coral reef indicates major sedimentary environmental changes associated with relative sea‐level changes. The growth of the reef‐builder Fomichevella was controlled by the transgression and regression. Deep water promoted the upward expansion of Fomichevella, while shallow water inhibited its growth. Published records of atmospheric pCO2 estimation and sea‐surface temperatures, combined with geochemical proxies, confirm a warm climatic period during the late Kasimovian. This is an interglacial period conducive to the growth of the coral reef. Sea‐level and climate changes associated with the Late Palaeozoic ice age (LPIA) are interpreted as significant controls of the development of the YBZ coral reef. This research of the YBZ coral reef in South China provides practical palaeobiological evidence for global sea‐level rising during the late Kasimovian period caused by the high‐latitude Gondwana delaciation.
Treating the sequelae of chronic childhood emotional abandonment
Authors: Frankel Jay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic emotional abandonment is traumatic for children, and often leads them to identify with the aggressor (IWA)—in order to hold onto their needed attachment to their parents, they feel, think, and do what their parents require, blame themselves for being abused and for their family's unhappiness, and feel ashamed. IWA often persists as a general tendency. Treatment requires therapists' dependability, attunement, empathy, interest, humility, and perhaps playfulness. Patients' history of abandonment should be explored in detail, though patients may be protective of their parents. Therapists should explore their own behavior if necessary, and acknowledge lapses; normalize and explore patients' shame; and avoid trying to “rescue” patients. Patients must be helped to re‐find authority and agency over their own lives, and mourn their early loss of feeling “the right to a life.” The treatment of “Claire,” a 40‐something child of two depressed parents, illustrates some of these points.
Student engagement and comprehension using tactile and virtual learning
Authors: McMillan David , Hung Man , Vu Teresa , Dang Peter , Kritz‐Silverstein Donna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose/objectivesDental students’ levels of engagement and comprehension were assessed using tactile learning (with physical teeth) versus virtual learning (using computer images) in a dental histology course. Differences in engagement and comprehension by learning preferences were also examined.MethodsOne hundred first‐year dental students were randomly divided into twenty teams of five students. Conditions were counterbalanced such that half the students were given physical tooth models (Group A) while the other half were given access to virtual images of tooth models (Group B) during the first session. Conditions were switched for a second session. Both groups completed the same learning exercise and formative assessment (quiz) after each session. A survey assessed students’ learning preferences and attitudes.ResultsThere were no differences by group assignment in both formative assessment scores and learning preferences (p > 0.10). For all students, comprehension of material was significantly higher in the tactile condition (with physical teeth) compared to the virtual experience (p = 0.01), but there was no difference in engagement between conditions (p = 0.35). Students who preferred learning with physical tooth models had higher engagement when using the physical tooth models compared to those who preferred virtual tooth models (p = 0.04), and significantly more positive attitudes toward physical tooth models (p's < 0.0001).ConclusionResults suggest that for dental students, learning activities involving handling physical teeth may produce greater comprehension than viewing virtual images of teeth on a screen. More research is needed to determine the circumstances when virtual images can be substituted for physical models or be a beneficial adjunct method.
Increase in distal esophageal wall thickness with time in adult patients with eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Wong Stephanie , Safaeian Romina , Zobel Joshua , Holloway Richard H , Ruszkiewicz Andrew , Nguyen Nam Q 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease which may progress to a fibro‐stenotic phenotype due to esophageal sub‐epithelial fibrosis. Esophageal wall thickening in patients with EoE has been demonstrated in a few studies using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The aim of this study was to longitudinally assess the endoscopic appearance, wall thickness, histology, and dysphagia score of EoE patients.MethodsPatients with EoE were recruited and studied between February 2012 and April 2021. Patients were evaluated on two separate occasions at least 12 months apart with endoscopy, EUS, and esophageal mucosal biopsies. The dysphagia score and epidemiology data were also assessed.ResultsA total of 16 EoE patients were included with a mean follow‐up duration of 2.2 ± 1.2 years. In 14/16 (88%) patients, the total wall thickness of the distal esophagus significantly increased (P = 0.0012) as a result of thickening of the muscularis propria (P = 0.0218). However, only 1/14 (7%) patient had an increase in the dysphagia score, while 8/14 (57%) and 5/14 (36%) had a stable and reduced dysphagia score, respectively. No differences were found in the total thickness of other esophageal regions, dysphagia score, endoscopic appearance, and eosinophil count over time.ConclusionDistal esophageal wall thickness increases with time in EoE patients, independent of the dysphagia score and eosinophil count.
Biomechanical and histological changes secondary to aging in the human rotator cuff: A preliminary analysis
Authors: Johnson James , von Stade Devin , Gadomski Ben , Regan Daniel , Easley Jeremiah , Sikes Katie J. , Troyer Kevin , Zhou Tianjian , Schlegel Ted , McGilvray Kirk 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe high failure rate of rotator cuff repair surgeries is positively correlated with age, yet the biomechanical changes to the tendons of the rotator cuff with age have not been described. As such, we sought to benchmark and characterize the biomechanical and histopathological properties with the accompanying gene expression of human rotator cuff tendons as a function of age and histopathological degeneration. All four rotator cuff tendons from fresh human cadaver shoulders underwent biomechanical, histopathological, and gene expression analyses. Following cadaver availability, samples were grouped into Younger (i.e., less than 36 years of age,n = 2 donors) and Aged (i.e., greater than 55 years of age,n = 3 donors) as a means of characterizing and quantifying the age‐related changes exhibited by the tendons. Biomechanical testing and subsequent computational modeling techniques revealed both differences in properties between tendons and greater Young's moduli in the Younger tendons (supraspinatus 3.06x, infraspinatus 1.76x, subscapularis 1.25x, and teres minor 1.32x). Histopathological scoring using the semi‐quantitative Bonar scoring scheme revealed a positive correlation with age across all tendons (r = 0.508,p < 0.001). These data contextualize the biomechanical and histopathological changes to tendons that occurs naturally with aging, highlighting the innate differences in biomechanical properties of all four rotator cuff tendons, as well as the difference in their degenerative trajectories. Additionally, the histopathological scoring revealed moderate signs of degeneration within the Younger supraspinatus tendons, suggesting tissue quality may decrease in this specific tendon in patients less than 40 years old, before clinical symptoms or tears.
A Carbon Paste Electrode Modified by Bentonite and l‐Cysteine for Simultaneous Determination of Ascorbic and Uric Acids: Application in Biological Fluids
Authors: Choukairi Mohamed , Bouchta Dounia , Bounab Loubna , González‐Romero Elisa , Achache Mohamed , Draoui Khalid , Chaouket Faiza , Raissouni Ihssane , Gharous Mouad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA novel modification of a paste carbon electrode by Bentonite (Bent) and l‐Cysteine (l‐Cyst) was carried out for uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) detection and quantification. Morphological and compositional characterization of the electrode surface were carried out using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopic analysis (EDS). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques were used to analyze UA and AA. The obtained sensor shows a good stability, sensibility, selectivity, and regeneration ability. Accordingly, the limit of detection (LOD) is found to be 0.031 μm and 9.6 μm for UA and AA, respectively. A good linearity in the range of 0.1 to 100 μm for UA and 10 to 1000 μm for AA was obtained. The peak‐to‐peak separation of UA‐AA (ΔEUA‐AA) was determined to be 330 mV. In addition, the sensor is applied successfully to monitor UA and AA in serum samples.
Media portrayal of the illegal trade in wildlife: The case of turtles in the US and implications for conservation
Authors: Easter Tara , Trautmann Julia , Gore Meredith , Carter Neil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIllegal wildlife trade is a global threat to biodiversity, but its drivers and impacts and ways to combat it vary by taxa. News media framing of instances of illegal trade provides a novel window into understanding public perceptions of these dynamics and potential support for management actions.We used 54 known cases of illegal turtle trade in the United States occurring between 1998 and 2021 as a case study to investigate news media framing of this emergent issue in illegal wildlife trade. We synthesized information from these cases and qualitatively analysed how they were framed in 217 associated news articles.The 54 cases involved the illegal trade of at least 24,000 freshwater turtles of 34 different species; box turtles (Terrapenespp.) were traded the most. Of the known species involved, 23 were listed under one of the CITES Appendices, and 12 were considered threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Trade occurred in at least 43 US states and 6 countries.Despite the multifaceted nature of these cases, problem and solution framing were relatively unvarying. Media coverage framed foreign demand, particularly from Asia for high‐value pet turtles, as a main driver of illegal trade. Solutions focused on regulations and enforcement which follows global trends in illegal wildlife trade discourses. However, we also found that articles neutralized illegal turtle trade in several ways, reflecting a lack of perceived legitimacy of and necessity for trade rules and enforcement.Without acknowledging longstanding and formerly legal practices in wildlife trading, conservation efforts which focus on regulations and enforcement may be undermined by a lack of normative compliance.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Multimodality treatment for recurrent neuroblastoma in the central nervous system
Authors: Desai Ami V. , Elmuti Lena , Cahaney Christine , De Guzman Raymond M. , Streby Keri A. , Cohn Susan L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSurvival for patients with recurrent central nervous system (CNS) neuroblastoma remains poor. A single‐institutional study demonstrated the potential of multimodality therapy, including compartmental intrathecal radioimmunotherapy (cRIT) with 131I‐3F8 or 131I‐8H9 to increase the survival of neuroblastoma patients with CNS relapse. However, not all patients are able to receive this therapy. We report three patients with CNS neuroblastoma who remain disease‐free 3–9 years after receiving multimodality treatment without cRIT. Additional studies to identify patients most likely to benefit from cRIT are warranted.
Zein/hydroxypropylcellulose biofilms with hydrophilic and hydrophobic montmorillonite clays
Authors: Ulrich Gabriella D. , Lemos Ana G. , Silva‐Alvarez Amanda C. F. , Paiva Lucilene B. , Gavioli Renato R. , da Silva Lucimara L. , de Freitas Osvaldo , Francisco Kelly R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study analyzed the changes in the structural, morphological and mechanical properties of Biofilm A (46.1% zein/30.8% hydroxypropylcellulose/23.1% propylene glycol) and Biofilm B (53.8% zein/23.1% hydroxypropylcellulose/23.1% propylene glycol) when 0.5%, 1% or 2% Cloisite Na+ (NaMt) and 1% Cloisite 30B (C30B) were added to the systems. Infrared spectroscopy showed clay particles interact with the polymeric matrix mainly via hydrogen bonds between silanol and amide/hydroxyl groups from minerals and polymers, respectively. X‐ray diffraction and small angle X‐ray scattering patterns indicated clays were exfoliated in both formulations with 0.5% NaMT and 1% C30B, or presented larger lamellar spacing on biofilms containing 1% or 2% of hydrophilic clay compared to pure clays. Scanning electron micrographs showed clay were incorporated into the polymers at low clay content and presented some aggregates at 2% NaMt. Mechanical tests showed that Biofilms B had better mechanical properties compared to Biofilms A, and Biofilms B with 1% NaMt presented the highest value of tensile strength. Moreover, the addition of organophilic clay in both formulations produced nanocomposites with good mechanical properties. These results showed clays are strategic to obtain nanocomposite films with interesting physical and chemical properties.