bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facial Mimicry and Social Context Affect Smile Interpretation
Authors: Orlowska Anna , Rychlowska Magdalena , Szarota Piotr , Krumhuber Eva G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTheoretical accounts and extant research suggest that people use various sources of information, including sensorimotor simulation and social context, while judging emotional displays. However, the evidence on how those factors can interplay is limited. The present research tested whether social context information has a greater impact on perceivers’ smile judgments when mimicry is experimentally restricted. In Study 1, participants watched images of affiliative smiles presented with verbal descriptions of situations associated with happiness or politeness. Half the participants could freely move their faces while rating the extent to which the smiles communicated affiliation, whereas for the other half mimicry was restricted via a pen-in-mouth procedure. As predicted, smiles were perceived as more affiliative when the social context was polite than when it was happy. Importantly, the effect of context information was significantly larger among participants who could not freely mimic the facial expressions. In Study 2 we replicated this finding using a different set of stimuli, manipulating context in a within-subjects design, and controlling for empathy and mood. Together, the findings demonstrate that mimicry importantly modulates the impact of social context information on smile perception.
Carbon in Solution and the Charpy Impact Performance of Medium Mn Steels
Authors: Kwok T. W. J. , Worsnop F. F. , Douglas J. O. , Dye D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbon is a well known austenite stabiliser and can be used to alter the stacking fault energy and stability against martensitic transformation in medium Mn steels, producing a range of deformation mechanisms such as the Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) or combined Twinning and Transformation Induced Plasticity (TWIP + TRIP) effects. However, the effect of C beyond quasi-static tensile behaviour is less well known. Therefore, two medium Mn steels with 0.2 and 0.5 wt pct C were designed to produce similar austenite fractions and stability and therefore tensile behaviour. These were processed to form lamellar and mixed equiaxed + lamellar microstructures. The low C steel had a corrected Charpy impact energy (KV$$_{10}$$

10

) of 320 J cm$$^{-2}$$

-
2

compared to 66 J cm$$^{-2}$$

-
2

in the high C steel despite both having a ductility of over 35 pct. Interface segregation, e.g., of tramp elements, was investigated as a potential cause and none was found. Only a small amount of Mn rejection from partitioning was observed at the interface. The fracture surfaces were investigated and the TRIP effect was found to occur more readily in the Low C Charpy specimen. Therefore it is concluded that the use of C to promote TWIP + TRIP behaviour should be avoided in alloy design but the Charpy impact performance can be understood purely in terms of C in solution.
Lakatosian and Euclidean populations: a pluralist approach to conceptual change in mathematics
Authors: De Benedetto Matteo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLakatos’ (Lakatos, 1976) model of mathematical conceptual change has been criticized for neglecting the diversity of dynamics exhibited by mathematical concepts. In this work, I will propose a pluralist approach to mathematical change that re-conceptualizes Lakatos’ model of proofs and refutations as an ideal dynamic that mathematical concepts can exhibit to different degrees with respect to multiple dimensions. Drawing inspiration from Godfrey-Smith’s (Godfrey-Smith, 2009) population-based Darwinism, my proposal will be structured around the notion of a conceptual population, the opposition between Lakatosian and Euclidean populations, and the spatial tools of the Lakatosian space. I will show how my approach is able to account for the variety of dynamics exhibited by mathematical concepts with the help of three case studies.
Longevity risk and capital markets: the 2021–22 update
Authors: Blake David , Cairns Andrew J. G. , Kallestrup-Lamb Malene , Rangvid Jesper 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis special issue of the Journal of Demographic Economics contains 10 contributions to the academic literature all dealing with longevity risk and capital markets. Draft versions of the papers were presented at Longevity 16: The Sixteenth International Longevity Risk and Capital Markets Solutions Conference that was held in Helsingør near Copenhagen on 13–14 August 2021. It was hosted by PerCent at Copenhagen Business School and the Pensions Institute at City, University of London.
Effect of the COVID-19 frailty heterogeneity on the future evolution of mortality by stratified weighting
Authors: Carannante Maria , D'Amato Valeria , Haberman Steven 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe starting point of our research is the inadequacy of assuming, in the construction of a model of mortality, that frailty is constant for the individuals comprising a demographic population. This assumption is implicitly made by standard life table techniques. The substantial differences in the individual susceptibility to specific causes of death lead to heterogeneity in frailty, and this can have a material effect on mortality models and projections—specifically a bias due to the underestimation of longevity improvements. Given these considerations, in order to overcome the misrepresentation of the future mortality evolution, we develop a stochastic model based on a stratification weighting mechanism, which takes into account heterogeneity in frailty. Furthermore, the stratified stochastic model has been adapted also to capture COVID-19 frailty heterogeneity, that is a frailty worsening due to the COVID-19 virus. Based on different frailty levels characterizing a population, which affect mortality differentials, the analysis allows for forecasting the temporary excess of deaths by the stratification schemes in a stochastic environment.
Ulrich modules and weakly lim Ulrich sequences do not always exist
Authors: Yhee Farrah C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The existence of Ulrich modules for (complete) local domains has been a difficult and elusive open question. For over thirty years, it was unknown whether complete local domains always have Ulrich modules. In this paper, we answer the question of existence for both Ulrich modules and weakly lim Ulrich sequences – a weaker notion recently introduced by Ma – in the negative. We construct many local domains in all dimensions

$d \geq 2$

that do not have any Ulrich modules. Moreover, we show that when

$d = 2$

, these local domains do not have weakly lim Ulrich sequences.
Beyond Linguistic Peripheral Elites: The Provincial Imbalance of Cabinet Ministers in Belgium
Authors: Dandoy Régis 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite the creation of regions and communities in the second half of the 20th century for resolving ethnic tensions between the French- and Flemish-speaking communities, provinces are still relevant to understand contemporary Belgian politics. Observing provincial political dynamics is essential to understand multi-level political elite dynamics and territorial cleavages in contemporary Belgium. For instance, political parties are internally structured in provincial federations, and federal elections rely on provincial electoral districts. Combined with constitutional factors such as language and region, this article investigates the provincial origins of ministerial elites in all Belgian federal cabinets between 1980 and 2020. It observes that provinces are far from being perfectly present in a balanced manner in the federal government: some provinces are overrepresented while others – in particular large provinces – are underrepresented. This provincial imbalance is stable over time and independent on the types of cabinet but can be explained by party strategies and vote-seeking considerations.
Decolonizing African and African Diasporan Cultural Memory in Djanet Sears and M. NourbeSe Philip’s Works
Authors: Cuder-Domínguez Pilar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article proposes to look back onto the Black Canadian works produced around the turn of the twenty-first century to establish some of the decolonial practices they promoted, arguing that they remain pivotal in decentering the colonial gaze that to this day is at the root of anti-Black hatred. In the face of continued structural violence and anti-Black racism preeminent across Canada to date, it attempts to unpack the purpose and means deployed in their early texts by two pioneer Black Canadian women writers, Djanet Sears and M. NourbeSe Philip, to decolonize African cultural memory from the diaspora by teaching us to value African legacies outside of Eurocentric standards. Drawing from feminist anthropologist Rita Segato, it contends that these texts perform a “counter-pedagogy of cruelty,” that is, an act of resistance to all those sociocultural practices by which people are taught, trained, and hardened to the ongoing commodification of others.
On the structure of lower bounded HNN extensions
Authors: Bennett Paul , Jajcayová Tatiana B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the structure and preservational properties of lower bounded HNN extensions of inverse semigroups, as introduced by Jajcayová. We show that if
$S^* = [ S;\; U_1,U_2;\; \phi ]$
is a lower bounded HNN extension then the maximal subgroups of
$S^*$
may be described using Bass-Serre theory, as the fundamental groups of certain graphs of groups defined from the
$\mathcal{D}$
-classes of
$S$
,
$U_1$
and
$U_2$
. We then obtain a number of results concerning when inverse semigroup properties are preserved under the HNN extension construction. The properties considered are completely semisimpleness, having finite
$\mathcal{R}$
-classes, residual finiteness, being
$E$
-unitary, and
$0$
-
$E$
-unitary. Examples are given, such as an HNN extension of a polycylic inverse monoid.
Echocardiographic findings in non-hospitalised children and adolescents following acute COVID-19
Authors: McIntosh Amanda M. , Goyal Anmol , Moser-Dungan Carol , Harvey Brian , Heching Howard J. , Aly Doaa G. , Madan Nitin , Forsha Daniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground:Although COVID-19 is known to have cardiac effects in children, seen primarily in severe disease, more information is needed about the cardiac effects following COVID-19 in non-hospitalised children and adolescents during recovery. This study aims to compare echocardiographic markers of cardiac size and function of children following acute COVID-19 with those of healthy controls.Methods:This single-centre retrospective case–control study compared 71 cases seen in cardiology clinic following acute COVID-19 with 33 healthy controls. Apical left ventricle, apical right ventricle, and parasternal short axis at the level of the papillary muscles were analysed to measure ventricular size and systolic function. Strain was analysed on vendor-independent software. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test, chi-square, Wilcoxon rank sum, and regression modelling as appropriate (p < 0.05 significant).Results:Compared to controls, COVID-19 cases had slightly higher left ventricular volumes and lower left ventricular ejection fraction and right ventricular fractional area change that remained within normal range. There were no differences in right or left ventricular longitudinal strain between the two groups. Neither initial severity nor persistence of symptoms after diagnosis predicted these differences.Conclusions:Echocardiographic findings in children and adolescents 6 weeks to 3 months following acute COVID-19 not requiring hospitalisation were overall reassuring. Compared to healthy controls, the COVID-19 group demonstrated mildly larger left ventricular size and lower conventional measures of biventricular systolic function that remained within the normal range, with no differences in biventricular longitudinal strain. Future studies focusing on longitudinal echocardiographic assessment of patients following acute COVID-19 are needed to better understand these subtle differences in ventricular size and function.
Characteristics of the obesogenic environment around schools are associated with body fat and low-grade inflammation in Brazilian children
Authors: Filgueiras Mariana De Santis , Pessoa Milene Cristine , Bressan Josefina , Fogal Vegi Aline Siqueira , do Carmo Ariene Silva , Albuquerque Fernanda Martins de , Gardone Danielle Soares , Novaes Juliana Farias de 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:To assess the association of obesogenic environmental characteristics around schools with body adiposity and adipokine concentrations in Brazilian children.Design:Cross-sectional study. Body adiposity was assessed using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and chemerin were measured. Predominantly ultra-processed food (UPF) stores, public physical activity (PA) facilities, green spaces, walkability, traffic accidents and crime were evaluated. The neighbourhood unit was the 400 m (0·25 miles) road network buffer around schools. The association of environmental characteristics with body adiposity and adipokine concentrations was assessed by linear regression models using generalised estimating equations.Setting:Urban schools (n 24), Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Participants:Children aged 8 and 9 years (n 378).Results:A higher density of predominantly UPF stores and a lower percentage of green space were associated with higher total (β: 0·12; 95 % CI 0·06, 0·18 and β: –0·10; 95 % CI –0·16, –0·04, respectively) and android body fat (β: 0·28; 95 % CI 0·13, 0·43 and β: –0·18; 95 % CI –0·32, –0·04, respectively). In addition, the densities of PA facilities and crime were inversely associated with leptin concentrations. Traffic accidents density and percentage of green spaces around schools had, respectively, a positive and an inverse association with concentrations of adiponectin and RBP4.Conclusions:Obesogenic environmental characteristics around schools were associated with total and android body fat, as well as with pro-inflammatory adipokine concentrations in Brazilian children from a medium-sized city.
Detection of Ore‐Forming Elements Migrated From Rock and Soil to Vegetation Leaves Using Hyperspectral Data
Authors: Chao Zhou , Xianchuang Fan , Tong Wu , Yuanzhi Zhang , Shengbo Chen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present the detection of ore‐forming elements migrated from soil and rock to vegetation leaves using hyperspectral data. The rock, soil (C, B, and A layer), and vegetation (root, stem, and leaf) samples with the measurements of spectra and element concentrations in the vertical section of the abandoned pits were collected. The wavelet approach is applied to analyze the correlations between spectral features and element concentrations. The results show that the significant correlations are found at a lower order mother wavelets such as Haar. Moreover, the significant correlations are negative between Cu and Mo elements and the wavelet energy vector of the soil and rock to vegetation leaves spectrum. The results also show that ore‐forming elements migrated from rock and soil to vegetation leaves can be detected using hyperspectral data in the study area.
Higher Temperatures in Socially Vulnerable US Communities Increasingly Limit Safe Use of Electric Fans for Cooling
Authors: Parsons L. A. , Lo F. , Ward A. , Shindell D. , Raman S. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs the globe warms, people will increasingly need affordable, safe methods to stay cool and minimize the worst health impacts of heat exposure. One of the cheapest cooling methods is electric fans. Recent research has recommended ambient air temperature thresholds for safe fan use in adults. Here we use hourly weather reanalysis data (1950–2021) to examine the temporal and spatial evolution of ambient climate conditions in the continental United States (CONUS) considered safe for fan use, focusing on high social vulnerability index (SVI) regions. We find that although most hours in the day are safe for fan use, there are regions that experience hundreds to thousands of hours per year that are too hot for safe fan use. Over the last several decades, the number of hours considered unsafe for fan use has increased across most of the CONUS (on average by ∼70%), with hotspots across the US West and South, suggesting that many individuals will increasingly need alternative cooling strategies. People living in high‐SVI locations are 1.5–2 times more likely to experience hotter climate conditions than the overall US population. High‐SVI locations also experience higher rates of warming that are approaching and exceeding important safety thresholds that relate to climate adaptation. These results highlight the need to direct additional resources to these communities for heat adaptive strategies.
Obukhov Length Estimation From Spaceborne Radars
Authors: O’Driscoll Owen , Mouche Alexis , Chapron Bertrand , Kleinherenbrink Marcel , López‐Dekker Paco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo air‐sea interaction quantification methods are employed on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes containing atmospheric‐turbulence signatures. Quantification performance is assessed on Obukhov length L, an atmospheric surface‐layer stability metric. The first method correlates spectral energy at specific turbulence‐spectrum wavelengths directly to L. Improved results are obtained from the second method, which relies on a machine‐learning algorithm trained on a wider array of SAR‐derived parameters. When applied on scenes containing convective signatures, the second method is able to predict approximately 80% of observed variance with respect to validation. Estimated wind speed provides the bulk of predictive power while parameters related to the kilometer‐scale distribution of spectral energy contribute to a significant reduction in prediction errors, enabling the methodology to be applied on a scene‐by‐scene basis. Differences between these physically based estimates and parameterized numerical models may guide the latter's improvement.
Expected EMIC Wave Generation and Unexpected MS Wave Disruption in a Magnetic Dip
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Zhu Hui , Chen Huicong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetic dip plays a potentially important role in the ring‐current‐radiation‐belt‐coupling. Here, we report a proton‐driven magnetic dip event accompanied by the expected generation of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave and the unexpected disruption of fast magnetosonic (MS) wave observed by the Van Allen Probe B on 03 November 2015. The effect of magnetic dip on the EMIC wave generation and MS wave propagation is analyzed. The analysis of EMIC wave instability demonstrates that EMIC waves are more easily excited in the magnetic dip. Moreover, the cold plasma density shows a highly positive correlation with the magnetic field fluctuation, and they are closely related to the disappearance of MS wave during the magnetic dip structure, which is confirmed by theoretical estimation. Our results indicate that magnetic dip may play different roles in the activities of EMIC and MS waves, which has rarely been discussed before.
Enhancer remodeling activates NOTCH3 signaling to confer chemoresistance in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Lizhen , Deng Peng , Liu Sailan , Hong Jing Han , Xiao Rong , Guan Peiyong , Wang Yali , Wang Peili , Gao Jiuping , Chen Jinghong , Sun Yichen , Chen Jianfeng , Mai Hai-Qiang , Tan Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAcquired resistance to chemotherapy is one of the major causes of mortality in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, effective strategies are limited and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, through transcriptomic profiling analysis of 23 tumor tissues, we found that NOTCH3 was aberrantly highly expressed in chemoresistance NPC patients, with NOTCH3 overexpression being positively associated with poor clinical outcome. Mechanistically, using an established NPC cellular model, we demonstrated that enhancer remodeling driven aberrant hyperactivation of NOTCH3 in chemoresistance NPC. We further showed that NOTCH3 upregulates SLUG to induce chemo-resistance of NPC cells and higher expression of SLUG have poorer prognosis. Genetic or pharmacological perturbation of NOTCH3 conferred chemosensitivity of NPC in vitro and overexpression of NOTCH3 enhanced chemoresistance of NPC in vivo. Together, these data indicated that genome-wide enhancer reprogramming activates NOTCH3 to confer chemoresistance of NPC, suggesting that targeting NOTCH3 may provide a potential therapeutic strategy to effectively treat advanced chemoresistant NPC.
Heterogenous electromediated depolymerization of highly crystalline polyoxymethylene
Authors: Zhou Yuting , Rodríguez-López Joaquín , Moore Jeffrey S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPost-consumer plastic waste in the environment has driven the scientific community to develop deconstruction methods that yield valued substances from these synthetic macromolecules. Electrocatalysis is a well-established method for achieving challenging transformations in small molecule synthesis. Here we present the first electro-chemical depolymerization of polyoxymethylene—a highly crystalline engineering thermoplastic (Delrin®)—into its repolymerizable monomer, formaldehyde/1,3,5-trioxane, under ambient conditions. We investigate this electrochemical deconstruction by employing solvent screening, cyclic voltammetry, divided cell studies, electrolysis with redox mediators, small molecule model studies, and control experiments. Our findings determine that the reaction proceeds via a heterogeneous electro-mediated acid depolymerization mechanism. The bifunctional role of the co-solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) is also revealed. This study demonstrates the potential of electromediated depolymerization serving as an important role in sustainable chemistry by merging the concepts of renewable energy and circular plastic economy.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, booster, and infection in pregnant population enhances passive immunity in neonates
Authors: Murphy Elisabeth A. , Guzman-Cardozo Camila , Sukhu Ashley C. , Parks Debby J. , Prabhu Malavika , Mohammed Iman , Jurkiewicz Magdalena , Ketas Thomas J. , Singh Sunidhi , Canis Marie , Bednarski Eva , Hollingsworth Alexis , Thompson Embree M. , Eng Dorothy , Bieniasz Paul D. , Riley Laura E. , Hatziioannou Theodora , Yang Yawei J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effects of heterogeneous infection, vaccination and boosting histories prior to and during pregnancy have not been extensively studied and are likely important for protection of neonates. We measure levels of spike binding antibodies in 4600 patients and their neonates with different vaccination statuses, with and without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We investigate neutralizing antibody activity against different SARS-CoV-2 variant pseudotypes in a subset of 259 patients and determined correlation between IgG levels and variant neutralizing activity. We further study the ability of maternal antibody and neutralizing measurements to predict neutralizing antibody activity in the umbilical cord blood of neonates. In this work, we show SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and boosting, especially in the setting of previous infection, leads to significant increases in antibody levels and neutralizing activity even against the recent omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants in both pregnant patients and their neonates.