bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of Neutrophil Phagocytic Antibody Features Tracks With Naturally Acquired Immunity Against Malaria in Children
Authors: Nziza Nadege , Tran Tuan M , DeRiso Elizabeth A , Dolatshahi Sepideh , Herman Jonathan D , de Lacerda Luna , Junqueira Caroline , Lieberman Judy , Ongoiba Aissata , Doumbo Safiatou , Kayentao Kassoum , Traore Boubacar , Crompton Peter D , Alter Galit 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Studies have demonstrated the protective role of antibodies against malaria. Young children are known to be particularly vulnerable to malaria, pointing to the evolution of naturally acquired clinical immunity over time. However, whether changes in antibody functionality track with the acquisition of naturally acquired malaria immunity remains incompletely understood.

Methods
Using systems serology, we characterized sporozoite- and merozoite-specific antibody profiles of uninfected Malian children before the malaria season who differed in their ability to control parasitemia and fever following Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection. We then assessed the contributions of individual traits to overall clinical outcomes, focusing on the immunodominant sporozoite CSP and merozoite AMA1 and MSP1 antigens.

Results
Humoral immunity evolved with age, with an expansion of both magnitude and functional quality, particularly within blood-stage phagocytic antibody activity. Moreover, concerning clinical outcomes postinfection, protected children had higher antibody-dependent neutrophil activity along with higher levels of MSP1-specific IgG3 and IgA and CSP-specific IgG3 and IgG4 prior to the malaria season.

Conclusions
These data point to the natural evolution of functional humoral immunity to Pf with age and highlight particular antibody Fc-effector profiles associated with the control of malaria in children, providing clues for the design of next-generation vaccines or therapeutics.
Professional bodies
Authors: Friedman Andrew L , Afitska Natasha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrganization structures and processes of UK-based professional associations and regulatory bodies (professional bodies) are analyzed across all professions and over the long term. These are successful, long lived, and important organizations which have been neglected in the sociological and organizational literatures. Numbers have been growing and on average these organizations have enjoyed consistent financial success. They have been changing, reacting in part to external challenges, but also in response to internal challenges arising from growth and strains due to reactions to changes from their primary stakeholders, their members. We trace substantial changes in their staffing, governance, and education activities. We evaluate whether these changes amount to corporatization, as has been found in other public and third-sector organizations. We evaluate whether the changes confirm the charge that these organizations demonstrate the iron law of oligarchy. We find corporatization has been substantial but limited and that the changes represent shifting toward strategy rather than oligarchy, though democratic weakening has occurred. We find organization responses to member confusion, concerns, and criticisms to be influential in driving these changes and contributing to the sustainability of these organizations.
Preferred Reporting Items for Complex Sample Survey Analysis (PRICSSA)
Authors: Seidenberg Andrew B , Moser Richard P , West Brady T 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Methodological issues pertaining to transparency and analytic error have been widely documented for publications featuring analysis of complex sample survey data. The availability of numerous public use datasets to researchers without adequate training in using these data likely contributes to these problems. In an effort to introduce standards for reporting analyses of survey data and promote replication, we propose the Preferred Reporting Items for Complex Sample Survey Analysis (PRICSSA), an itemized checklist to guide researchers publishing analyses using complex sample survey data. PRICSSA is modeled after other checklists (e.g., PRISMA, CONSORT) that have been widely adopted for other research designs. The PRICSSA items include a variety of survey characteristics, such as data collection dates, mode(s), response rate, and sample selection process. In addition, essential analytic information—such as sample sizes for all estimates, missing data rates and imputation methods (if applicable), disclosing if any data were deleted, specifying what survey weight and sample design variables were used along with method of variance estimation, and reporting design-adjusted standard errors/confidence intervals for all estimates—are also included. PRICSSA also recommends that authors make all corresponding software code available. Widespread adoption of PRICSSA will help improve the quality of secondary analyses of complex sample survey data through transparency and promote scientific rigor and reproducibility.
Safety and immunogenicity of ETVAX®, an oral inactivated vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial amongst Finnish travellers to Benin, West Africa
Authors: Kantele Anu , Riekkinen Marianna , Jokiranta T Sakari , Pakkanen Sari H , Pietilä Jukka-Pekka , Patjas Anu , Eriksson Mari , Khawaja Tamim , Klemets Peter , Marttinen Kati , Siikamäki Heli , Lundgren Anna , Holmgren Jan , Lissmats Agneta , Carlin Nils , Svennerholm Ann-Mari 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
No licensed human vaccines are available against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a major diarrhoeal pathogen affecting children in low- and middle-income countries and foreign travellers alike. ETVAX®, a multivalent oral whole-cell vaccine containing four inactivated ETEC strains and the heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB), has proved promising in Phase 1 and Phase 1/ 2 studies.

Methods
We conducted a Phase 2b double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial amongst Finnish travellers to Benin, West Africa. This report presents study design and safety and immunogenicity data. Volunteers aged 18–65 years were randomized 1:1 to receive ETVAX® or placebo. They visited Benin for 12 days, provided stool and blood samples and completed adverse event (AE) forms. IgA and IgG antibodies to LTB and O78 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were measured by electrochemiluminescence.

Results
The AEs did not differ significantly between vaccine (n = 374) and placebo (n = 375) recipients. Of the solicited AEs, loose stools/diarrhoea (26.7/25.9%) and stomach ache (23.0/20.0%) were reported most commonly. Of all possibly/probably vaccine-related AEs, the most frequent were gastrointestinal symptoms (54.0/48.8%) and nervous system disorders (20.3/25.1%). Serious AEs were recorded for 4.3/5.6%, all unlikely to be vaccine related. Amongst the ETVAX® recipients, LTB-specific IgA antibodies increased 22-fold. For the 370/372 vaccine/placebo recipients, the frequency of ≥2-fold increases against LTB was 81/2.4%, and against O78 LPS 69/2.7%. The majority of ETVAX® recipients (93%) responded to either LTB or O78.

Conclusions
This Phase 2b trial is the largest on ETVAX® undertaken amongst travellers to date. ETVAX® showed an excellent safety profile and proved strongly immunogenic, which encourages the further development of this vaccine.
Rare Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess in an Active Duty Male Requiring Partial Liver Resection for Definitive Treatment
Authors: Michael Nicholas , Parascandola Salvatore , Saint-Laurent Stephanie , Brown Colin , Maddox John , Bradley Matthew , Learn Peter , Gage Michele 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Antibiotics and drainage have largely replaced hepatic resection for the treatment of liver abscesses in the modern era; however, in cases caused by a rare strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae with a hypermucoviscous phenotype, more aggressive hepatic resection may be required. The patient is a 34-year-old male who presented to Landstuhl Regional Medical Center with a week of epigastric pain. His workup revealed a 6 cm liver abscess with growth to 10 cm in 48 hours. He underwent multiple drainage procedures at Landstuhl and then was transferred to Walter Reed where further surgical drainage was performed. Initial cultures demonstrated K. pneumoniae. He clinically improved and was able to discharge after a 2 week hospitalization. His final remaining surgical drain was removed as an outpatient, but 48 hours after removal, he was admitted to the intensive care unit in septic shock. Imaging revealed a 12 cm liver abscess, and cultures verified hypermucoviscous Klebsiella. After multidisciplinary discussion and counseling, he underwent an open right partial hepatectomy. Postoperatively he gradually recovered from his sepsis and major operation and then returned to his home in Landstuhl. This is a case of a rare hypermucoviscous variant of K. pneumoniae causing a liver abscess resistant to multiple drainage procedures, ultimately requiring open hepatic surgical resection for source control. This remains a last-resort option in the treatment of liver abscesses and should be considered early when caused by this rare strain of Klebsiella.
Infrared spectroscopy of the 2022 eruption of the recurrent nova U Sco
Authors: Evans A , Banerjee D P K , Woodward C E , Geballe T R , Gehrz R D , Page K L , Starrfield S 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present near-infrared spectroscopy of the 2022 eruption of the recurrent nova U Sco, over the period from 5.4 to 45.6 d after outburst. This is the most intensive infrared study of this nova. Our observations started early after the outburst and extended almost to the end of the ‘Super Soft’ X-ray phase. A major find is the presence of coronal lines from day 9.41, one of the earliest appearances of these in any nova, classical, or recurrent. The temperature of the coronal gas is 7 × 105 K. There is also evidence for the presence of much cooler ($\lesssim 2.5\times 10^4$ K) gas. Remarkable changes are seen in the He i 1.083 $\, \mu$ m line, the strength of which declines, then recovers, in anticorrelation with the X-ray behaviour. We conclude that shock ionization is the dominant excitation mechanism for the coronal line emission. There is evidence in the infrared spectra for the presence of black body emission at ∼20 000 K, which we tentatively identify with the irradiated secondary, and for free-free/free-bound emission. For the previously determined binary inclination of 82.7°, the implied ejection velocities are as high as 22 000 km s−1. These velocities appear unprecedented in nova outflows, and are comparable to those seen in supernovae, thereby marking U Sco as a truly remarkable object.
Methane-to-chemicals: a pathway to decarbonization
Authors: Nesterenko Nikolai , Medeiros-Costa Izabel C , Clatworthy Edwin B , Cruchade Hugo , Konnov Stanislav V , Dath Jean-Pierre , Gilson Jean-Pierre , Mintova Svetlana 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The utilization of methane for chemical production, often considered as the future of petrochemistry, historically could not compete economically with conventional processes due to higher investment costs. Achieving sustainability and decarbonization of the downstream industry by integration with a methane-to-chemicals process may provide an opportunity to unlock the future for these technologies. Gas-to-chemicals is an efficient tool to boost the decarbonization potential of renewable energy. While the current implementation of carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies is of great importance for industrial decarbonization, a shift to greener CO2-free processes and CO2 utilization from external sources for manufacturing valuable goods is highly preferred. This review outlines potential options for how a methane-to-chemicals process could support decarbonization of the downstream industry.
Aggregation-induced emission biomaterials for anti-pathogen medical applications: detecting, imaging and killing
Authors: Zhang Zicong , Deng Ziwei , Zhu Lixun , Zeng Jialin , Cai Xu Min , Qiu Zijie , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrobial pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses, greatly threaten the global public health. For pathogen infections, early diagnosis and precise treatment are essential to cut the mortality rate. The emergence of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) biomaterials provides an effective and promising tool for the theranostics of pathogen infections. In this review, the recent advances about AIE biomaterials for anti-pathogen theranostics are summarized. With the excellent sensitivity and photostability, AIE biomaterials have been widely applied for precise diagnosis of pathogens. Besides, different types of anti-pathogen methods based on AIE biomaterials will be presented in detail, including chemotherapy and phototherapy. Finally, the existing deficiencies and future development of AIE biomaterials for anti-pathogen applications will be discussed.
Differences in Trainee Evaluations of Faculty by Rater and Ratee Gender
Authors: Cullen Michael J. , Zhou You , Sackett Paul R. , Mustapha Taj , Hane Jessica , Culican Susan M. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
To examine whether gender differences exist in medical trainees’ (residents’ and fellows’) evaluations of faculty at a number of clinical departments.

Method
The authors conducted a single-institution (University of Minnesota Medical School) retrospective cohort analysis of 5,071 trainee evaluations of 447 faculty (for which trainee and faculty gender information was available) completed between July 1, 2019, and June 30, 2022. The authors developed and employed a 17-item measure of clinical teaching effectiveness, with 4 dimensions: overall teaching effectiveness, role modeling, facilitating knowledge acquisition, and teaching procedures. Using both between- and within-subject samples, they conducted analyses to examine gender differences among the trainees making ratings (rater effects), the faculty receiving ratings (ratee effects), and whether faculty ratings differed by trainee gender (interaction effects).

Results
There was a statistically significant rater effect for the overall teaching effectiveness and facilitating knowledge acquisition dimensions (B = −0.28 and −0.14, 95% CI: [−0.35, −0.21] and [−0.20, −0.09], respectively, P < .001, medium corrected effect sizes between −0.34 and −0.54); female trainees rated male and female faculty lower than male trainees on both dimensions. There also was a statistically significant ratee effect for the overall teaching effectiveness and role modeling dimensions (B = −0.09 and −0.08, 95% CI: [−0.16, −0.02] and [−0.13, −0.04], P = .01 and < .001, respectively, small to medium corrected effect sizes between −0.16 and −0.44); female faculty were rated lower than male faculty on both dimensions. There was not a statistically significant interaction effect.

Conclusions
Female trainees rated faculty lower than male trainees and female faculty were rated lower than male faculty on 2 teaching dimensions each. The authors encourage researchers to continue to examine the reasons for the evaluation differences observed and how implicit bias interventions might help to address them.
Environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate in relation to chronic kidney disease in the general US population, NHANES 2005–2016
Authors: Li Wei , Wu Hong , Xu Xuewen , Zhang Yange 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Few studies have explored the impact of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate (PNT) on kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the association of urinary levels of PNT with renal function as well as the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the general population in the United States.

Methods:
This analysis included data from 13,373 adults (≥20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2016. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression, to explore the associations of urinary PNT with kidney function. Restricted cubic splines were used to assess the potentially non-linear relationships between PNT exposure and outcomes.

Results:
After traditional creatinine adjustment, perchlorate (P-traditional) was positively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (adjusted β: 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.25 to 3.26; P < 0.001), and negatively associated with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (adjusted β: -0.05; 95% CI: −0.07 to −0.02; P = 0.001) in adjusted models. After both traditional and covariate-adjusted creatinine adjustment, urinary nitrate and thiocyanate were positively associated with eGFR (all P values <0.05), and negatively associated with ACR (all P values <0.05); higher nitrate or thiocyanate was associated with a lower risk of CKD (all P values <0.001). Moreover, there were L-shaped non-linear associations between nitrate, thiocyanate, and outcomes. In the adjusted models, for quartiles of PNT, statistically significant dose–response associations were observed in most relationships. Most results were consistent in the stratified and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions:
Exposures to PNT might be associated with kidney function, indicating a potential beneficial effect of environmental PNT exposure (especially nitrate and thiocyanate) on the human kidney.
Pilot Trial of a Peer-to-Peer Psychoeducational Intervention for Parents of Black Children Awaiting a Developmental Evaluation
Authors: Dababnah Sarah , Reyes Charina , Kim Irang , Badawi Deborah G. , Chung Yoonzie , Shaia Wendy E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective:
This study examined the short-term impact on child, family, and parent outcomes of a peer-to-peer psychoeducational intervention, Parents Taking Action (PTA) for Black families of children awaiting developmental-behavioral pediatric evaluations.

Methods:
We targeted parents and other primary caregivers of Black children aged 8 years or younger awaiting a developmental or autism evaluation at an academic tertiary care hospital. Using a single-arm design, we recruited participants directly from the appointment waitlist and used flyers in local pediatric and subspecialty clinics. Eligible participants received a version of PTA adapted for Black children in two 6-week modules delivered synchronously online. In addition to initial baseline demographic data, we collected 4 standardized measures of parent stress and depression, family outcomes (e.g., advocacy), and child behavior at preintervention, midintervention, and postintervention. We calculated effect sizes and used linear mixed models to examine changes over time.

Results:
Fifteen participants completed PTA, the majority of whom were Black mothers with annual household incomes <$50,000. All children were Black and mostly boys, with an average age of 4.6 years. Parent depression, the family outcome total score, and 3 family outcomes (understanding child's strengths, needs, and abilities; knowing rights and advocating for child; and helping child develop and learn) significantly improved pre-post intervention, with medium to large effect sizes. Furthermore, the family outcome total score and “knowing rights and advocating for child” outcome significantly increased by midintervention (d = 0.62–0.80).

Conclusion:
Peer-delivered interventions can result in positive outcomes for families awaiting diagnostic evaluations. Further research is needed to confirm findings.
Executive Functioning, Language, and Behavioral Abilities Related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Down Syndrome
Authors: Soltani Amanallah , Schworer Emily K. , Amin Raouf , Hoffman Emily K. , Esbensen Anna J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:

Objectives:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent among individuals with Down syndrome (DS), and the nonphysiological consequences of OSA require examination to inform treatment planning. This study aimed to investigate the association between OSA and aspects of language, executive functioning, behavioral, social abilities, and sleep problems in youth with DS aged 6 to 17 years.

Methods:
Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to compare 3 groups adjusted for age, participants with DS with untreated OSA (n = 28), participants with DS without OSA (n = 38), and participants with DS with treated OSA (n = 34). To be eligible for the study, participants had to have an estimated mental age of 3 years. No children were excluded based on estimated mental age.

Results:
After adjusting for age, participants with untreated OSA showed a common pattern of lower estimated marginal mean scores than those with treated OSA and those with no OSA in expressive and receptive vocabulary and higher estimated marginal mean scores with executive functions, everyday memory, attention, internalizing and externalizing behavior, social behavior, and sleep problems. However, only the group differences for executive function (emotional regulation) and internalizing behavior were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Study findings corroborate and extend prior findings related to OSA and clinical outcomes for youth with DS. The study highlights the importance of OSA treatment in youth with DS and provides clinical recommendations for this population. Additional studies are necessary to control the effects of health and demographic variables.
Improving Access to Diagnostic Evaluations for Developmental Disabilities Through an Initial Assessment Model
Authors: DeVries Lindsey , Dempsey Jack , Wilson Rebecca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate a novel model of care to improve access to diagnostic evaluations for autism spectrum disorder and/or developmental delays for school-age children.

Methods:
An “initial assessment” (IA) model for children aged 7 to 9 years was implemented at a large regional pediatric hospital. Referral patterns and the number of patients evaluated with the IA model were obtained through the electronic health record (EHR). Referral patterns from the EHR were checked against clinician surveys.

Results:
Total IA volume had a strong negative association with school-age WL volume (r(22) = −0.92, p < 0.001), indicating that as IA volume increased, the WL volume declined. Evaluation of referral patterns after IAs revealed that approximately 1 in 3 children seen for IA did not require further evaluation and could be immediately removed from the WL.

Conclusion:
Results indicate that implementation of a novel IA model was strongly associated with a decrease in WL volume for neurodevelopmental evaluations of school-age children. These findings support a “right-fit” approach to optimize clinical resources and improve access to neurodevelopmental evaluations.