bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrathin Two‐Dimensional BiOCl‐Bi2S3‐Cu2S Ternary Heterostructures with Enhanced LSPR effect for NIR Photonic Bacterial Disinfection**
Authors: Yang Shouning , Wang Shengkun , Wang Yaru , Song Jian , Jiang Yuqin , Chen Liang , Yang Huayan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAbstract: Photonic disinfection, particularly near‐infrared (NIR) light triggered antibacterial, has emerged as a highly promising solution for combating pathogenic microbes due to its spatiotemporal operability, safety, and low cost of apparatus. However, it remains challenging to construct NIR‐responsive antibacterial agents with high light‐converting efficacy and elucidate synergistic mechanisms. In this work, ultrathin two‐dimensional (2D) BiOCl‐Bi2S3‐Cu2S ternary heterostructures that can efficiently kill drug‐resistant bacteria were synthesized by doping 0D Bi2S3 and Cu2S nanoparticles in the 2D BiOCl nanosheets via a facile one‐pot hydrothermal method. Notably, the incorporation of Cu2S nanoparticles bestows strong NIR light‐harvesting capability to the composite nanosheets due to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Upon NIR light illumination, the BiOCl‐Bi2S3‐Cu2S nanosheets can achieve enhanced photonic hyperthermia and reaction oxygen species (ROS) generation, serving as single light‐activated bi‐functional photothermal/photodynamic therapeutics. High‐speed hot electrons and large local electronic fields caused by LSPR might play an important role in thermal vibrations and effective carrier separations, respectively. Benefiting from the unique ternary heterostructures, both the photothermal conversion and ROS generation efficacy of BiOCl‐Bi2S3‐Cu2S nanosheets are significantly improved compared to the binary BiOCl‐Cu2S or BiOCl‐Bi2S3 nanosheets. Accordingly, the ternary composite nanosheets can effectively kill bacteria via the NIR‐driven photonic disinfection mechanism. This work presents a new type of 2D composite nanosheets with ternary heterostructures for NIR photonic disinfection.
Development of a Separation Sequence for the Integration of a Styrene Recyclate into Polystyrene Production
Authors: Merkel Amelie , Plessing Lukas , Luinstra Gerrit A. , Grünewald Marcus , Biessey Philip 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis work addresses the processing of a polystyrene recyclate stream into polystyrene synthesis on an industrial scale. Evaluating the energetic demand of the separation process with the following reintegration of the recyclate stream shows a significantly reduced specific energy input compared to conventional polystyrene synthesis. Therefore, recycling polystyrene by pyrolysis and thermal separation shows a considerable potential as a tool for industrial circular production in the plastics sector.
The effect of heat transfer characteristics of macromolecule fouling on heat exchanger surface: A dynamic simulation study
Authors: Karimi Shoar Zahra , Pourpasha Hadi , Zeinali Heris Saeed , Mousavi Seyed Borhan , Mohammadpourfard Mousa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAt the city gate gas pressure reduction stations (CGSs), to prevent natural gas from forming a hydrate in the throttle valve, the natural gas is heated by the heater before reaching the pressure relief valve. Heat exchangers are an essential component of industrial processes that contribute significantly to total system energy. Since the element impacting heat exchanger performance is the fouling process, all fouling processes and models were dynamically simulated in this study. Through coding in the C++ language and simultaneous use of fluent functions, or, in other words, user‐defined function (UDF), fouling‐related models were defined for this software. The dynamic simulation was performed, and parameters such as fouling strength and layer thickness were calculated. The effects of changing operating conditions, such as gas inlet velocity, surface temperature, and fouling species concentration on fouling growth, were also evaluated. As the concentration of fouling species increased, the fouling rate also increased. The amount of supersaturation and fouling rate increased as the surface temperature increased. Due to the operational limitations of the system, to reduce the fouling rate, the gas inlet velocity should be as high as possible, and the fluid inlet temperature, surface temperature, and concentration of fouling species should be as low as possible. In this study, the required time to reach the efficiency of 70% of the heat exchanger was calculated using the modelling of this chamber, which was equivalent to 190 days. Additionally, the critical thickness of the fouling layer at this time was 3.5 cm.
Hybrid interconnection networks for reducing hardware cost and improving path diversity based on fat‐trees and hypercubes
Authors: Wang Yaodong , Li Yamin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFat‐tree topologies are widely used in interconnect network designs for parallel supercomputers. In the classic fat‐tree, compute nodes are connected to leaf stage switches by links. Given a large number of compute nodes, many switches and links are required, resulting in high hardware costs. To solve this problem, this paper proposes two hybrid topologies, ‐Cube ‐Ary ‐Tree (CAT) and Mirrored ‐Cube ‐Ary ‐Tree (MiCAT), based on fat‐tree and hypercube. Instead of connecting compute nodes directly to a leaf switch, we connect a ‐cube to the switch, and each switch in the ‐cube part connects compute nodes. That is, this ‐cube consists of switches and compute nodes. We give the shortest path routing algorithms and evaluate the path diversity, cost, performance, and average packet latency of CAT and MiCAT. The results show that CAT and MiCAT can save up to switches and links in a large‐scale parallel system, for example, compared to fat‐trees, and meanwhile, both CAT and MiCAT have higher path diversities than fat‐trees.
Hybrid optimization algorithm for optimal designing of microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Guttula Ramakrishna , Adireddy Ramesh , Mannepally Venkateswarlu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMicrostrip Patch Antennas (MPAs) are generally renowned for their adaptability regarding feasible geometries, which makes them appropriate for numerous diverse conditions. The suitability to integrate and the trivial structure with microwave incorporated circuits was said to be the major advantage among several advantages. MPA poses constricted bandwidth; thus it has a complication while tuning. In addition, MPAs are renowned for their reduced gain. As a result, there is a necessity to raise the gain and bandwidth of MPA. This work intends to put forward a novel approach that gets a non‐linear objective for assisting the modeling of solution spaces for antenna constraints. Thus, “Salp Swarm based Shark Smell Optimization (SS‐SSO) that hybrids the concepts of Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) and Shark Smell Optimization (SSO)” is developed that tuned the constraints of MPA. The implication of the developed approach is to boost the antenna gain by optimal electing of dielectric value, patch length, substrate width, and thickness of MPA.
Inference ofP(X>Y) for the Burr‐XII model under generalized progressive hybrid censored data with binomial removals
Authors: Çetinkaya Çağatay 
Published: January 2023

SummaryIn this paper, we studied the estimation of based on the Burr‐XII distribution under the generalized progressive hybrid censoring scheme. This censoring scheme has become quite popular depending progressive hybrid censoring scheme cannot be applied when few failures occur before pre‐determined time . In this progressive censoring plan, amount of units withdrawn at each failure is assumed to be random and subject to the binomial distributions. Inferences of are obtained under equal shape parameters and different shape parameters, respectively. Maximum likelihood (MLE) and the Bayesian estimation methods are used. We obtain the MLEs of the parameters using Newton‐Raphson (NR) and expectation maximization (EM) methods, respectively. In the Bayesian section, Lindley's approximation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method with Metropolis‐Hasting algorithm are used. Simulation studies are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimators and two real‐data examples are provided to exemplify the theoretical outcomes.
Regioselective 2′‐Silylation of Purine Ribonucleosides for Phosphoramidite RNA Synthesis
Authors: Gaffney Barbara L. , Jones Roger A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article describes high‐yield procedures for protection of purine ribonucleosides based on a reaction that allows highly regioselective 2′‐silylation. Each protocol makes use of two transient protection steps. In the case of tritylation of the 5′ hydroxyl, the 2′,3′‐diol is protected by reaction with N,N‐dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (Zemlicka, 1963) to prevent the small, but potentially troublesome, tritylation of the 2′‐hydroxyl that otherwise accompanies tritylation of the 5′‐hydroxyl (Zhang et al., 1997). The phenoxyacetylation of the amino group is carried out after transient hydroxyl and guanine O6 protection with trimethylchlorosilane using the hydroxybenzotriazole active ester of phenoxyacetic acid. These protocols give overall yields that are three times the best yields available by conventional procedures for adenosine and guanosine, but offer no advantage for cytidine or uridine. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of 5′‐O‐(4,4′‐dimethoxytrityl)‐2′‐O‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyl‐6‐N‐acyladenosineBasic Protocol 2: Synthesis of 5′‐O‐(4,4′‐dimethoxytrityl)‐2′‐O‐tert‐butyldimethysilyl‐2‐N‐acylguanosine
CircZSWIM6 mediates dysregulation of ECM and energy homeostasis in ageing chondrocytes through RPS14 post‐translational modification
Authors: Gong Zhe , Wang Kefan , Chen Junxin , Zhu Jinjin , Feng Zhenhua , Song Chenxin , Zhang Zheyuan , Wang Haoming , Fan Shunwu , Shen Shuying , Fang Xiangqian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (CircRNAs) are important and have different roles in disease progression. Herein, we aim to elucidate the roles of a novel CircRNA (CircZSWIM6) which is upregulated in ageing chondrocytes.MethodsWe verified the roles of CircZSWIM6 in senescent and osteoarthritis (OA) development in vitro through CircZSWIM6 knockdown and overexpression. RNA pulldown assay and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation were performed to identify the interaction between CircZSWIM6 and Ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14). The roles of CircZSWIM6 in ageing‐related OA were also confirmed in non‐traumatic and traumatic model respectively.ResultsCircZSWIM6 regulates extracellular matrix (ECM) and energy metabolism in ageing chondrocyte. Mechanistically, CircZSWIM6 competitively bound to the E3 ligase STUB1 binding site on RPS14 (K125) to inhibit proteasomal degradation of RPS14 to maintain RPS14 function. CircZSWIM6‐RPS14 axis is highly associated with AMPK signaling transduction, which keeps energy metabolism in chondrocyte. Furthermore, CircZSWIM6 AAV infection leads to senescent and OA phenotypes in a non‐traumatic model and accelerates OA progression in a traumatic model.ConclusionOur results revealed a significant role of CircZSWIM6 in age‐related OA by regulating ECM metabolism and AMPK‐associated energy metabolism. We highlight the CircZSWIM6‐RPS14‐PCK1‐AMPK axis is a potential biomarker for OA.
Eating disorders and substance use: Examining associations among US college students
Authors: Qeadan Fares , English Kevin , Luke Amy , Egbert Jamie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate associations between reported eating disorder (ED) diagnosis and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnosis, substance misuse, and illicit drug use among US college students.MethodData consisting of n = 414,299 students' responses to the National College Health Assessment survey conducted by the American College Health Association between fall 2015 and spring 2019 were utilized for this study. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were used to determine the association of reported ED diagnosis with reported SUD diagnosis, misuse of cigarettes, e‐cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine/methamphetamine, sedatives, hallucinogens, opiates, inhalants, MDMA, and other club drugs, as well as illicit use of prescription pain killers, prescription sedatives, and prescription stimulants. A sensitivity analysis investigating associations between reported anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and each substance use outcome was also conducted.ResultsAmong all in our analytic cohort, 7.15% reported receiving an ED diagnosis or being treated for an ED in the last 12 months. Students with ED indications were significantly more likely to report each of the substance use outcomes investigated in this study, including SUD diagnosis (aOR: 7.43; 95% CI: 6.98, 7.92; p < .0001), opiate misuse (aOR: 8.35; 95% CI: 7.38, 9.45; p < .0001), and misuse of other club drugs (aOR: 10.37; 95% CI: 9.10, 11.81; p < .0001) than peers without reported EDs. Both AN and BN were associated with an increased likelihood of SUD diagnosis.DiscussionThese findings demonstrate strong associations between EDs and the most extensive list of substance use outcomes explored in the context of college setting ED research to date.
The Environmental Data Initiative: Connecting the past to the future through data reuse
Authors: Gries Corinna , Hanson Paul C. , O'Brien Margaret , Servilla Mark , Vanderbilt Kristin , Waide Robert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Environmental Data Initiative (EDI) is a trustworthy, stable data repository, and data management support organization for the environmental scientist. In a bottom‐up community process, EDI was built with the premise that freely and easily available data are necessary to advance the understanding of complex environmental processes and change, to improve transparency of research results, and to democratize ecological research. EDI provides tools and support that allow the environmental researcher to easily integrate data publishing into the research workflow. Almost ten years since going into production, we analyze metadata to provide a general description of EDI's collection of data and its data management philosophy and placement in the repository landscape. We discuss how comprehensive metadata and the repository infrastructure lead to highly findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) data by evaluating compliance with specific community proposed FAIR criteria. Finally, we review measures and patterns of data (re)use, assuring that EDI is fulfilling its stated premise.
Crayfish population size under different routes of pathogen transmission
Authors: Koivu‐Jolma Mikko , Kortet Raine , Vainikka Anssi , Kaitala Veijo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present an epidemiological model for the crayfish plague, a disease caused by an invasive oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, and its general susceptible freshwater crayfish host. The pathogen shows high virulence with resulting high mortality rates in freshwater crayfishes native to Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America. The crayfish plague occurrence shows complicated dynamics due to the several types of possible infection routes, which include cannibalism and necrophagy. We explore this complexity by addressing the roles of host cannibalism and the multiple routes of transmission through (1) environment, (2) contact, (3) cannibalism, and (4) scavenging of infected carcasses. We describe a compartment model having six classes of crayfish and a pool of crayfish plague spores from a single nonevolving strain. We show that environmental transmission is the decisive factor in the development of epidemics. Compared with a pathogen‐free crayfish population, the presence of the pathogen with a low environmental transmission rate, regardless of the contact transmission rate, decreases the crayfish population size with a low risk of extinction. Conversely, a high transmission rate could drive both the crayfish and pathogen populations to extinction. High contact transmission rate with a low but nonzero environmental transmission rate can have mixed outcomes from extinction to large healthy population, depending on the initial values. Scavenging and cannibalism have a relevant role only when the environmental transmission rate is low, but scavenging can destabilize the system by transmitting the pathogen from a dead to a susceptible host. To the contrary, cannibalism stabilizes the dynamics by decreasing the proportion of infected population. Our model provides a simple tool for further analysis of complex host parasite dynamics and for the general understanding of crayfish disease dynamics in the wild.
Environmental and topographic drivers of amphibian phylogenetic diversity and endemism in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Paúl Maria João , Rosauer Dan , Tarroso Pedro , Velo‐Antón Guillermo , Carvalho Sílvia B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the ecological and evolutionary processes driving biodiversity patterns and allowing their persistence is of utmost importance. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain spatial diversity patterns, including water‐energy availability, habitat heterogeneity, and historical climatic refugia. The main goal of this study is to identify if general spatial drivers of species diversity patterns of phylogenetic diversity (PD) and phylogenetic endemism (PE) at the global scale are also predictive of PD and PE at regional scales, using Iberian amphibians as a case study. Our main hypothesis assumes that topography along with contemporary and historical climate are drivers of phylogenetic diversity and endemism, but that the strength of these predictors may be weaker at the regional scale than it tends to be at the global scale. We mapped spatial patterns of Iberian amphibians' phylogenetic diversity and endemism, using previously published phylogenetic and distribution data. Furthermore, we compiled spatial data on topographic and climatic variables related to the water‐energy availability, topography, and historical climatic instability hypotheses. To test our hypotheses, we used Spatial Autoregressive Models and selected the best model to explain diversity patterns based on Akaike Information Criterion. Our results show that, out of the variables tested in our study, water‐energy availability and historical climate instability are the most important drivers of amphibian diversity in Iberia. However, as predicted, the strength of these predictors in our case study is weaker than it tends to be at global scales. Thus, additional drivers should also be investigated and we suggest caution when interpreting these predictors as surrogates for different components of diversity.
Chloroplast phylogenomics and the taxonomy of Saxifraga section Ciliatae (Saxifragaceae)
Authors: Yuan Rui , Ma Xiaolei , Zhang Zhuoxin , Gornall Richard J. , Wang Yongcui , Chen Shilong , Gao Qingbo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractComprising ca. 200 species, Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae is the most species‐rich section of Saxifraga s.str., whose center of diversity is in the Tibeto‐Himalayan region. The infra‐sectional classification of sect. Ciliatae is still in debate due to the high level of species richness, as well as remarkable variations of habitat, morphology, physiology and life cycles. Subdivisions of this section proposed in various taxonomic systems have not been adequately tested in previous phylogenetic studies, partly due to low taxonomic sampling density, but also to the use of few DNA markers. In order to achieve a more robust infra‐sectional classification of sect. Ciliatae, complete chloroplast genomes of 94 taxa from this section were analyzed, of which 93 were newly sequenced, assembled and annotated. The length of the 94 plastomes of sect. Ciliatae taxa range from 143,479 to 159,938 bp, encoding 75 to 79 unique protein‐coding genes (PCGs). Analyses of the 94 plastomes revealed high conservation in structural organization, gene arrangement, and gene content. Gene loss and changes of IR boundaries were detected but in extremely low frequency. The molecular phylogenetic tree from concatenated PCGs and complete chloroplast genome sequences exhibited high resolution and support values and confirms that sect. Ciliatae is monophyletic. Three well‐supported clades were revealed within the section that agree relatively well with the subsectional taxonomy of Gornall (1987), but some minor modifications should be made. Firstly, the monotypic subsection Cinerascentes should be abandoned and its constituent species, S. cinerascens, assigned to subsect. Gemmiparae. Secondly, subsections Rosulares and Serpyllifoliae should be merged and become subsect. Rosulares. Section Ciliatae thus comprises: subsect. Hirculoideae Engl. & Irmsch.; subsect. Rosulares Gornall; subsect. Gemmiparae Engl. & Irmsch.; subsect. Flagellares (C. B. Clarke) Engl. & Irmsch. and subsect. Hemisphaericae (Engl. & Irmsch.) Gornall.
Diet composition and selection of Père David's deer in Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve, China
Authors: Wang Hao‐Lin , Zhao Yue , Wang Fei‐Jie , Sun Xin‐Jia , Zhu Jian‐Qiang , Zhang Yu‐Ming , Wei Shu‐Dong , Chen Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve is an ideal place to restore the wild population of Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus). Understanding foraging ecology and diet composition is essential for assessing population development or establishing long‐term effective conservation measures for endangered species. However, little is known about the diet composition of Père David's deer and its diet selection mechanism. In this study, we used stable isotope technology to investigate the diet composition of Père David's deer according to various tissues (i.e., fur, muscle, liver, heart, and feces) and seasons, and evaluated the correlation between the nutrient composition of plants and diet composition. Bayesian isotope analysis showed that the autumn and winter diet estimated by fur and fecal samples indicated a diet dominated by C3 grasses (42.7%–57.2%, mean), while the summer diet estimated by muscle and liver samples was dominated by C3 forbs (30.9%–41.6%, mean). The Pearson correlation test indicated that the contribution of winter diet composition reflected by fur and fecal samples was associated with correlations with crude protein (r = .666, p < .01) and soluble sugars (r = .695, p < .01). The results indicated that crude protein and soluble sugars were important factors influencing the winter diet selection of Père David's deer. In the context of the current reintroduction facing many challenges, such as habitat fragmentation, wetland degradation, and human disturbance, comprehensively evaluating the diet selection mechanism of Père David's deer under different resource specificities and temporal changes should be considered in the future.