bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point‐scale habitat and weather patterns influence the distribution of regal fritillaries in the central United States
Authors: Post van der Burg Max , MacDonald Garrett , Hefley Trevor , Glassberg Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConservationists and scientists throughout the world consider butterflies important indicators of broadscale factors affecting global biodiversity. And like other facets of biodiversity, declines in many butterfly populations appear related to human activities, and the potential of their extinction could jeopardize key ecosystem services. The regal fritillary (Argynnis idalia), a butterfly associated with tall‐ and mixed‐grass prairies in the United States, is a species currently being considered for federal protection under the Endangered Species Act. As with many butterflies, a paucity of data makes evidence‐based assessments of their population and distributional status difficult. Citizen science data provide one possible source of broadscale information about this species, but using these data is not simple because of spatial scaling and sampling bias problems. Here, we developed a model to analyze a data set from the citizen science program called the Fourth of July Butterfly Count (4JC) to make inferences about regal fritillary abundance in the Great Plains and Midwest regions of the United States. More specifically, we aimed to determine the extent to which grassland fragmentation, spring weather conditions, or other spatial factors were correlated with the intensity of use within 4JC survey areas. Our findings indicated that regal fritillaries used locations surrounded by grassland and with minimal forest cover. We included smoothing spline terms in our model, which indicated other sources of spatial structuring in these data. It is possible that these additional sources of variation could reflect variation in habitat quality. We also found that local averaged spring weather variables indicated that regal fritillary abundance varied over a wider range of precipitation conditions, but a narrower range of temperature conditions. Further analyses indicated that a systematic increase in temperature from climate change could lead to a pronounced northward shift in the regal fritillary's distribution. These findings have implications for the development of a recovery plan, since such a plan will need to outline a strategy that accounts for a range of patch sizes whose quality appears to vary spatially, as well as address numerous uncertainties about the future.
Native diversity contributes to composition heterogeneity of exotic floras
Authors: Chen Pengdong , Shen Changchao , Ren Jie , Qin Wenchao , Yi Jiahui , Guan Shuping , Tao Zhibin , Huang Wei , Siemann Evan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVariation in species composition among sites (beta diversity) is generally thought to be driven by environmental filtering and dispersal limitation, but the role of biotic interactions has not been sufficiently addressed. Specifically, the early species in a local community may contribute to subsequent beta diversity patterns. Exotic assemblages within native communities provide a unique opportunity to study biotic interaction mechanisms. In this study, we conducted a field survey of plants over an approximately 1800‐km transect in the middle and lower Yangtze River valley in China to study how native communities influence exotic beta diversity. The survey included 459 plots in 51 local plant communities with 40 exotic species and 103 co‐occurring native species. We also investigated how 11 environmental factors involving climate conditions, soil properties, and human activity regulate the interaction between native and exotic plants. The results showed that native diversity (Shannon–Wiener index) increased exotic beta diversity. Environmental conditions, especially monthly minimum temperature, influenced exotic beta diversity indirectly through native diversity rather than directly. Our results suggest that lower native diversity driven by environmental conditions, especially warmer temperatures, led to a decrease in composition heterogeneity of the exotic flora. Our results will help to incorporate biotic interactions into the framework of beta diversity mechanisms for local community assembly.
Improved hepatitis delta virus genome characterization by single molecule full‐length genome sequencing combined with VIRiONT pipeline
Authors: Charre Caroline , Regue Hadrien , Dény Paul , Josset Laurence , Chemin Isabelle , Zoulim Fabien , Scholtes Caroline 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection confers a greater risk for accelerated liver disease progression. Full‐length characterization of HDV genome is necessary to understand pathogenesis and treatment response. However, owing to its high variability and tight structure, sequencing approaches remain challenging. Herein, we present a workflow to amplify, sequence, and analyze the whole HDV genome in a single fragment. Sequencing was based on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies long‐read sequencing followed by a turnkey analysis pipeline (VIRiONT, VIRal in‐house ONT sequencing analysis pipeline) that we developed and make available online for free. For the first time, HDV genome was successfully amplified and full‐length sequenced in a single fragment, allowing accurate subtyping from 30 clinical samples. High variability of edition, a crucial step in viral life cycle, was found among samples (from 0% to 59%). Additionally, a new subtype of HDV genotype 1 was identified. We provide a complete workflow for assessment of HDV genome at full‐length quasispecies resolution overcoming genome assembly issues and helping to identify modifications throughout the whole genome. This will help a better understanding of the impact of genotype/subtype, viral dynamics, and structural variants on HDV pathogenesis and treatment response.
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of kidney tissues in some severe and fatal cases of COVID‐19
Authors: Ly Hinh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection can lead to diverse clinical manifestations and pathologies that involve multiple organs. Even though the disease severity is manifested mainly in the respiratory tract, which is the primary target of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, acute kidney injury in the form of acute tubular necrosis has also been noted in some COVID‐19 cases. It is not entirely clear whether renal cells can be infected by the virus that might be involved in acute kidney disorder. In a recent publication by Radovic and colleagues, that has been selected as the editor's choice paper published in the Journal of Medical Virology, the authors provided strong histopathological and immunofluorescence evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and tissue injury of renal parenchymal and tubular epithelial cells, which strongly suggest an active viral replication in the kidney of some severe and fatal COVID‐19 cases, and to a lesser extent, a potential role for innate immune cells in viral infection and renal disease pathogenesis.
The clinical predictors of and vaccine protection against severe influenza infection in children
Authors: Tsai Chu‐Fei , Liu Yun‐Chung , Chang Tu‐Hsuan , Wu En‐Ting , Chang Luan‐Yin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInfluenza infection in children causes a tremendous global burden. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical predictors of severe influenza among children. We retrospectively included hospitalized children who had laboratory‐confirmed influenza infection and were admitted to a medical center in Taiwan between 2010 and 2018. Severe influenza infection was defined as needing intensive care. We compared demographics, comorbidities, vaccine status and outcomes between patients with severe and nonsevere infection. There were 1030 children hospitalized for influenza infection: 162 patients needed intensive care and 868 patients did not. Multivariable analysis revealed that an age below 2 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.22–4.95), underlying cardiovascular disease (aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.04–3.25), neuropsychological (aOR 4.09, 95% CI 2.59–6.45) or respiratory disease (aOR 3.87, 95% CI 1.42–10.60), patchy infiltrates (aOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.29–4.93), pleural effusion (aOR 6.56, 95% CI 1.66–25.91), and invasive bacterial coinfection (aOR 21.89, 95% CI 2.19–218.77) were significant clinical predictors of severe disease, whereas severe infection was less likely in individuals who had received influenza and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.91; aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.23–0.51, respectively). The most significant risk factors associated with severe influenza infection were an age under 2 years, comorbidities (cardiovascular, neuropsychological, and respiratory diseases), patchy infiltrates or effusion shown on chest X‐rays, and bacterial coinfections. The incidence rate of severe disease was significantly lower in those who had received influenza vaccines and PCVs.
Viral detection from negative mumps cases with respiratory symptoms in Gwangju, South Korea in 2021
Authors: Mun Jeongeun , Kim Sun‐Hee , Park Jung wook , Park Ji‐Su , Park Su Jung , Lee Seung Hun , Seo Jin Jong , Chung Yoon‐Seok 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMumps is the second‐most reported infectious disease in South Korea; however, due to the low pathogen confirmation rate in laboratory diagnoses, we proposed a method for reevaluating the high incidence rate via the laboratory verification of other viral diseases. In 2021, 63 cases of pharyngeal or cheek mucosal swabs of suspected mumps cases in Gwangju, South Korea, were assessed for causative pathogens using massive simultaneous pathogen testing. More than one respiratory virus was detected in 60 cases (95.2%), 44 (73.3%) of which were codetected. Human rhinovirus was detected in 47 cases, followed by human herpesvirus (HHV)6 in 30; HHV4 (17), human bocavirus (17), HHV5 (10), and human parainfluenza virus 3 (6) were also detected. Our findings suggest the need for further investigations on the pathogenesis of diseases mimicking mumps, which are considered to aid with appropriate public health responses, treatment, and the prevention of infectious disease outbreaks.
Bactericidal potential of different size sericin‐capped silver nanoparticles synthesized by heat, light, and sonication
Authors: Summer Muhammad , Tahir Hafiz Muhammad , Ali Shaukat , Abaidullah Rimsha , Mumtaz Shumaila , Nawaz Saira , Azizullah  
Published: March 2023

AbstractPresent study was aimed to assess the bactericidal potential of sericin‐capped silver nanoparticles (Se‐AgNPs) synthesized by heat, light, and sonication. Se‐AgNPs were characterized by size analyzer, UV spectrophotometry, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Average size of Se‐AgNPs synthesized by heat, light and sonication was 53.60, 78.12, and 7.49 nm, respectively. All (10) bacterial strains were exposed to Se‐AgNPs prepared from different methods to compare their antibacterial potentials. Largest zone of inhibition (13 ± 1.15 mm) was observed for sonication‐based nanoparticles (NPs) against Klebseilla pneumoniae while the smallest zone of light assisted NPs against Serratia rubidaea (5 ± 1 mm). Bacterial strains were also exposed to different concentrations (0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.6%) of Se‐AgNPs which showed largest zone (12 ± 1 mm) of inhibition for 0.4% of Se‐AgNPs against Protius mirabilis and smallest zone (5 ± 1.154 mm) for 0.3% of Se‐AgNPs against Escherichia coli. Furthermore, effect of different temperatures (5°C, 37°C, and 60°C) and pH (3, 7, and 12) on the efficacy and stability of Se‐AgNPs was also evaluated against different bacterial strains. Sonication mediated NPs showed highest bactericidal results against K. pneumoniae (F3,8 = 6.154; p = 0.018) with smallest size NPs (7.49 nm) while lowest bactericidal results against S. rubidaea (5 ± 1 mm) were shown with largest size (78.12 nm) NPs prepared by natural light. These variations of bactericidal activities of NPs with difference size endorse that the Se‐AgNPs with smallest size have highest antibacterial activity than larger size NPs. Moreover, Se‐AgNPs maintain their bactericidal potency at wide range of temperature and pH, hence seemed stable.
Interpreting the risk analysis index of frailty in the context of surgical oncology
Authors: Estock Jamie L. , Schlegel Cameron , Shinall Myrick C. , Varley Patrick , Youk Ada O. , Hoehn Richard , Hall Daniel E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe Risk Analysis Index (RAI) accurately predicts adverse postoperative outcomes but the inclusion of cancer status in the RAI has raised two key concerns about its suitability for use in surgical oncology: (1) the potential over classification of cancer patients as frail, and (2) the potential overestimation of postoperative mortality for patients with surgically curable cancers.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort analysis to assess the RAI's power to appropriately identify frailty and predict postoperative mortality in cancer patients. We assessed discrimination for mortality and calibration across five RAI models—the complete RAI and four variants that removed different cancer‐related variables.ResultsWe found that the presence of disseminated cancer was a key variable driving the RAI's power to predict postoperative mortality. The model including only this variable [RAI (disseminated cancer)] was similar to the complete RAI in the overall sample (c = 0.842 vs. 0.840) and outperformed the complete RAI in the cancer subgroup (c = 0.736 vs 0.704, respectively, p < 0.0001, Max R2 = 19.3% vs. 15.1%, respectively).ConclusionThe RAI demonstrates somewhat less discrimination when applied exclusively to cancer patients, but remains a strong predictor of postoperative mortality, especially in the setting of disseminated cancer.
Topology‐Dependent pH‐Responsive Actuation and Shape Memory Programming for Biomimetic 4D Printing
Authors: Pan Houwen Matthew , Goto Atsushi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiomimetic actuators are critical components of bionics research and have found applications in the fields of biomedical devices, soft robotics, and smart biosensors. This paper reports the first study of nanoassembly topology‐dependent actuation and shape memory programming in biomimetic 4D printing. Multi‐responsive flower‐like block copolymer nanoassemblies (vesicles) are utilized as photocurable printing materials for digital light processing (DLP) 4D printing. The flower‐like nanoassemblies enhance thermal stability, attributed to their surface loop structures on the shell surfaces. Actuators prepared from these nanoassemblies display topology‐dependent bending in response to pH and temperature‐programmable shape memory properties. Biomimetic octopus‐like soft actuators are programmed with multiple actuation patterns, large bending angles (≈500°), excellent weight‐to‐lift ratios (≈60), and moderate response time (≈5 min). Thus, nanoassembly topology‐dependent and shape‐programmable intelligent materials are successfully developed for biomimetic 4D printing.
Insights into Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease from Single‐Cell and Spatial Genomics
Authors: Kamath Tushar , Macosko Evan Z. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is pathologically defined by the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons within the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. To date, the cause of this multifaceted disease remains largely unclear, which may contribute in part to a current lack of disease‐modifying therapies. Recent advances in single‐cell and spatial genomic profiling tools have provided powerful new ways to measure cellular state changes in brain diseases. Here, we describe how these tools have offered insight into these complex disorders and highlight a recently performed comprehensive study of DA neuron susceptibility in PD. The data generated by this recent work provide evidence for the role of specific pathways and common genetic variants resulting in the loss of a critical DA subtype in PD. We conclude by outlining a set of basic and translational opportunities that arise from those data and insights gathered from this work. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Performance of three reanalyses in simulating the water table elevation in different shallow unconfined aquifers in Central Italy
Authors: Cerlini Paolina Bongioannini , Silvestri Lorenzo , Meniconi Silvia , Brunone Bruno 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWater table elevation is a key feature for identifying the groundwater behaviour. Accordingly, appropriate measurements—in terms of both frequency and spatial distribution—play a crucial role for capturing the aquifer response to recharge and withdrawals. However, numerical models simulating the main features of the behaviour of the water table elevation may help groundwater management, as an additional tool. In this article, soil moisture data from three well‐established global reanalyses (ERA5, CFS, and JRA‐55) are used for evaluating the flux in the vadose zone towards shallow unconfined aquifers, , in the Umbria region (central Italy). Then, according to the methodology proposed in Bongioannini Cerlini et al. (2021), where for the considered aquifers most of the recharge derives from the unsaturated zone, is used for simulating the water table evolution in time. With the aim of assessing which reanalysis is the most appropriate in simulating the evolution of groundwater levels, the properties of the correspondent land surface models (LSM) are examined, as they provide . For the considered aquifers, the analysis of the performance of the selected reanalyses confirms the validity of the proposed approach. Moreover, it points out the crucial role of the spreading of the water table elevation with respect to its mean value, as a significant parameter for selecting the most adequate reanalysis to use. In addition, the role in the LSM of the explored soil depth, hydraulic conductivity curve, and spatial resolution is highlighted. These results, in line with recent literature on the performance of the reanalyses, suggest to extend future work to other regions of the world.
Incidence, features, and outcome of disease relapse after COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Authors: Nagy‐Vincze Melinda , Béldi Tibor , Szabó Katalin , Vincze Anett , Miltényi‐Szabó Balázs , Varga Zsófia , Varga József , Griger Zoltán 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsVaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is relatively safe in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM); however, myositis flares following vaccination have been poorly studied. We aimed to evaluate the frequency, features, and outcomes of disease relapses in patients with IIM following COVID‐19 vaccination.MethodsA cohort of 176 IIM patients were interviewed after the third wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic and followed prospectively. Relapses were determined using the disease state criteria and the outcome of the flares with myositis response criteria, calculating the total improvement score (TIS).ResultsA total of 146 (82.9%) patients received a vaccination, 17/146 (11.6%) patients had a relapse within 3 mo, and 13/146 (8.9%) patients within 1 mo. The relapse rate of unvaccinated patients was 3.3%. Three months after the post‐vaccination relapses, 70.6% of the patients (12/17) achieved an improvement of disease activity (average TIS score: 30 ± 15.81; seven minor, five moderate, and zero major improvements). Six months after flares improvement was detected in 15/17(88.2%) of relapsed patients (average TIS score: 43.1 ± 19.53; 3 minimal, 8 moderate, and 4 major). Forward stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that the active state of myositis at the time of injection (p < .0001; odds ratio, 33; confidence interval, 9–120) was significantly associated with the occurrence of a relapse.DiscussionA minority of the vaccinated IIM patients had a confirmed disease flare after COVID‐19 vaccination and the majority of the relapses improved after individualized treatment. An active disease state at the time of vaccination probably contributes to the increased risk of a post vaccination myositis flare.
Relationships between leadership behaviour of nurse managers and nurses' levels of job satisfaction and compassion fatigue during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Taskiran Eskici Gulcan , Uysal Kasap Ece , Gumus Emel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo reveal the relationships between the leadership behaviour of nurse managers and nurses' levels of job satisfaction and compassion fatigue during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Design and MethodsThis descriptive and cross‐sectional study was performed with 353 nurse professionals participating from 32 cities across Turkey. The data were collected online between August and November 2020 by using the introductory information form, Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, Leadership Behaviour Questionnaire and Compassion Fatigue subdimension of the Professional Quality of Life Scale. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were followed in the study.ResultsNurses mostly stated their managers as employee‐oriented and change‐oriented leaders. Nurses' intrinsic and overall satisfaction was high, extrinsic satisfaction was low and their compassion fatigue was at a critical level during the pandemic. According to nurses' personal and professional characteristics, there were significant differences in job satisfaction, compassion fatigue and change‐oriented leadership scores. When nurse managers exhibit employee‐oriented leadership behaviour, nurses' compassion fatigue decreases and job satisfaction increases.
Subsistence and animal management at Iron Age sites of Quanshuigou and Dumuduebudege in western Xinjiang, China
Authors: Lin Minghao , Song Yanbo , Han Jianye , Chen Xiaolu , Gu Xiaolei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractXinjiang sits in the northwesternmost part of China and played an active role in facilitating the flow of technologies, cultivars, and livestock long before the Silk Road. While mixed pastoralism was developed in neighboring Central Asia, the local lifeways in Xinjiang, as well as the possible interactions in‐between these regions, have still not been fully understood. Here, we conduct zooarchaeological analyses at two Iron Age sites of Quanshuigou and Dumuduebudege in western Xinjiang, to clarify the local subsistence and animal management strategies. Our results reveal that sheep/goats were the most exploited animals in this region, followed by horses and cattle in the managed herd. Apart from meat and marrow, renewable secondary products such as wool and milk might also be used, suggesting an intensive livestock exploitation managed by the local pastoral communities. Such mixed pastoralism not only continues throughout the Iron Age but also is visible today in Xinjiang, demonstrating its profound and lasting influence for nomadic groups in this region.