bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structural connectivity mapping of the intralaminar thalamic nuclei
Authors: Kumar Vinod Jangir , Scheffler Klaus , Grodd Wolfgang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus play a pivotal role in awareness, conscious experience, arousal, sleep, vigilance, as well as in cognitive, sensory, and sexual processing. Nonetheless, in humans, little is known about the direct involvement of these nuclei in such multifaceted functions and their structural connections in the brain. Thus, examining the versatility of structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei with the rest of the brain seems reasonable. Herein, we attempt to show the direct structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei to diencephalic, mesencephalic, and cortical areas using probabilistic tracking of the diffusion data from the human connectome project. The intralaminar nuclei fiber distributions span a wide range of subcortical and cortical areas. Moreover, the central medial and parafascicular nucleus reveal similar connectivity to the temporal, visual, and frontal cortices with only slight variability. The central lateral nucleus displays a refined projection to the superior colliculus and fornix. The centromedian nucleus seems to be an essential component of the subcortical somatosensory system, as it mainly displays connectivity via the medial and superior cerebellar peduncle to the brainstem and the cerebellar lobules. The subparafascicular nucleus projects to the somatosensory processing areas. It is interesting to note that all intralaminar nuclei have connections to the brainstem. In brief, the structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei aligns with the structural core of various functional demands for arousal, emotion, cognition, sensory, vision, and motor processing. This study sheds light on our understanding of the structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei with cortical and subcortical structures, which is of great interest to a broader audience in clinical and neuroscience research.
A method of gas sensor drift compensation based on intrinsic characteristics of response curve
Authors: Sun Yubing , Zheng Yutong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSensor drift, which is an inevitable and challenging problem in gas sensing, seriously affects the detection performance of sensor. In this study, a new sensor drift compensation method, which is based on intrinsic characteristic of sensory response, is proposed. The dataset of gas sensor for two types of gas with a period of 36 months are collected and two features (one is steady-state feature, another is transient feature) are extracted. Their relationship, which is found to be certain for different months and sensors, is explored. Then, drift compensation method is processed based on this relationship, aiming to make the drifted sensor features adjusted to that of month 1, which is considered as having no drift phenomenon. Moreover, small amount of dataset is necessary for model building and it has strong scalability. Finally, SVM is employed for proving the performance of the drift compensation method proposed in this study. The results show the efficacy of 22 month of continuous monitoring, which has been enough for most application scenario, and almost 20% of increasement of correct classification rate of SVM after drift compensation, which indicates the effect of drift compensation method.
Blueberry intake elevates post-exercise anti-inflammatory oxylipins: a randomized trial
Authors: Nieman David C. , Sakaguchi Camila A. , Omar Ashraf M. , Davis Kierstin L. , Shaffner Cameron E. , Strauch Renee C. , Lila Mary Ann , Zhang Qibin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study determined if 18 days of supplementation with blueberries (BL) compared to placebo (PL) could mitigate muscle soreness and damage and improve inflammation resolution in untrained adults (n = 49, ages 18–50 years) after engaging in a 90-min bout of “weekend warrior” eccentric exercise. The BL freeze dried supplement provided 1 cup of fresh blueberries per day equivalent with 805 mg/day total phenolics and 280 mg/day anthocyanins. Urine levels of eight BL gut-derived phenolics increased after 14- and 18-days supplementation with 83% higher concentrations in BL vs. PL (p < 0.001). The 90-min exercise bout caused significant muscle soreness and damage during 4d of recovery and a decrease in exercise performance with no significant differences between PL and BL. Plasma oxylipins were identified (n = 76) and grouped by fatty acid substrates and enzyme systems. Linoleic acid (LA) oxylipins generated from cytochrome P450 (CYP) (9,10-, 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acids) (diHOMEs) were lower in BL vs. PL (treatment effect, p = 0.051). A compositive variable of 9 plasma hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids (HDoHEs) generated from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6) and lipoxygenase (LOX) was significantly higher in BL vs. PL (treatment effect, p = 0.008). The composite variable of plasma 14-HDoHE, 17-HDoHE, and the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-derived oxylipin 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) (specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, SPM, intermediates) was significantly higher in BL vs PL (treatment effect, p = 0.014). Pearson correlations showed positive relationships between post-exercise DHA-LOX HDoHEs and SPM intermediates with urine blueberry gut-derived phenolics (r = 0.324, p = 0.023, and r = 0.349, p = 0.015, respectively). These data indicate that 18d intake of 1 cup/day blueberries compared to PL was linked to a reduction in pro-inflammatory diHOMES and sustained elevations in DHA- and EPA-derived anti-inflammatory oxylipins in response to a 90-min bout of unaccustomed exercise by untrained adults.
Collaborative Commentary for Understanding Communication Disorders
Authors: MacWhinney Brian , Fromm Davida 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:The goal of the Collaborative Commentary (CC) system is to make the TalkBank adult clinical databases—including AphasiaBank, DementiaBank, RHDBank, and TBIBank—open to commentary and analysis from the full community of researchers, instructors, students, and clinicians.Method:CC allows a group leader to establish a commentary group and invite colleagues or students to join as members of the group. Members can then browse through the transcript database using the TalkBank Browser. When they wish to insert a comment, they click on the utterance line number or drag the cursor across a range of utterances and a window opens to receive the comment. The comment can include open text along with codes selected from a predefined set of codes created by that commentary group.Results:CC was released for public use in August 2022. It is being used currently in five research projects and eight classes. An important feature of CC is its ability to evaluate the reliability of coding systems and to sharpen analytic categories. By familiarizing instructors and researchers with the capabilities of CC, we expect to see an increasing usage of CC for a variety of clinical and research applications.Conclusions:CC can contribute to a better understanding of connected speech features in aphasia, dementia, right hemisphere disorder, and traumatic brain injury. CC represents an extreme innovation not only for the study of adult neurogenic communication disorders but also for the study of spoken language generally.
Decontextualized Utterances Contain More Typical and Stuttering-Like Disfluencies in Preschoolers Who Do and Do Not Stutter
Authors: Oppenheimer Kathleen E. , Lee Jessica , Huang Yi Ting , Bernstein Ratner Nan 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Stuttering-like disfluencies (SLDs) and typical disfluencies (TDs) are both more likely to occur as utterance length increases. However, longer and shorter utterances differ by more than the number of morphemes: They may also serve different communicative functions or describe different ideas. Decontextualized language, or language that describes events and concepts outside of the “here and now,” is associated with longer utterances. Prior work has shown that language samples taken in decontextualized contexts contain more disfluencies, but averaging across an entire language sample creates a confound between utterance length and decontextualization as contributors to stuttering. We coded individual utterances from naturalistic play samples to test the hypothesis that decontextualized language leads to increased disfluencies above and beyond the effects of utterance length.

Method:
We used archival transcripts of language samples from 15 preschool children who stutter (CWS) and 15 age- and sex-matched children who do not stutter (CWNS). Utterances were coded as either contextualized or decontextualized, and we used mixed-effects logistic regression to investigate the impact of utterance length and decontextualization on SLDs and TDs.

Results:
CWS were more likely to stutter when producing decontextualized utterances, even when controlling for utterance length. An interaction between decontextualization and utterance length indicated that the effect of decontextualization was greatest for shorter utterances. TDs increased in decontextualized utterances when controlling for utterance length for both CWS and CWNS. The effect of decontextualization on TDs did not differ statistically between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The increased working memory demands associated with decontextualized language contribute to increased language planning effort. This leads to increased TD in CWS and CWNS. Under a multifactorial dynamic model of stuttering, the increased language demands may also contribute to increased stuttering in CWS due to instabilities in their speech motor systems.
Terahertz link with orthogonal polarization over silicon dielectric waveguide
Authors: Koala Ratmalgre , Iyoda Kei , Fujita Masayuki , Nagatsuma Tadao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe authors studied the transmission performance for orthogonal polarization fundamental modes in a dielectric silicon terahertz waveguide for doubling the data rate. The maximum data rate of practical error‐free condition (bit‐error rate < 10−11) for both polarizations is comparable over 20 Gbit/s under on‐off keying modulation at 0.3‐THz band.
A novel control method for improving reliability of 3‐phase induction motor drives under the stator winding open‐circuit fault
Authors: Ghojoghnezhad Sattar , Ghanbari Mahmood , Ebrahimi Reza , Jannati Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPost‐fault control of a 3‐phase Induction Motor (IM) drive under the Stator winding Open‐Circuit Fault (SOCF) has gained significant importance in recent years especially for safety‐critical industrial applications. Nevertheless, most of proposed schemes suffer from low accuracy or high complexity. In this research, a novel control scheme for improving reliability of wye‐connected 3‐phase IM drives under the SOCF according to Direct Field‐Oriented Control (DFOC) is proposed and evaluated. In the proposed system, different transformations are presented and employed to control the faulty system. The controller is achieved by minor modifications in the traditional control scheme structure. In the proposed system, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is also used to estimate the rotor flux. The designed EKF‐based DFOC (DFOCEKF) is verified using simulations and experimental tests conducted on a 0.75 kW 3‐phase IM drive. Based on the results it can be calculated that the torque ripple is decreased clearly after the proposed fault‐tolerant control approach is applied. The DFOCEKF strategy can control the faulty motor accurately, which can further improve the reliability of IM drive systems. The results also confirmed that the proposed controller after the SOCF has faster dynamic response and higher accuracy compared to previous published papers.
Improving multi‐object tracking by full occlusion handle and adaptive feature fusion
Authors: Yue Yingying , Yang Yang , Yu Yongtao , Liu Haiyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOcclusion has always been a challenging research topic in the field of multi‐target tracking. The invisibility of the target in full occlusion increases the difficulty of continuous tracking, which makes the recovery failure when the target is re‐visible, and ultimately leads to a decrease in tracking accuracy. To address full occlusion problem, an effective multi‐object tracking algorithm with full occlusion handle and adaptive fusion features is proposed. Firstly, a spatio‐temporal model is established for full occlusion, and a simple, efficient and training‐free method is proposed to find full occluded targets. Secondly, local high discrimination features with better stability and independence is proposed to realize effective correlation between targets before and after the full occlusion. Finally, an adaptive feature fusion mechanism is proposed, which can adjust feature structure dynamically according to the occlusion state. The experimental results show that most evaluation metrics of the proposed algorithm are superior to those of some typical algorithms proposed in recent years under full occlusion tracking scenes. The proposed algorithm can realize accurate occluded targets identification and improve tracking robustness under short‐term, long‐term and frequent full occlusion.
Three-dimensional magnetic field imaging of protoplanetary disks using Zeeman broadening and linear polarization observations
Authors: Lankhaar Boy , Teague Richard 
Published: July 2023

Context. Magnetic fields are predicted to have a crucial impact on the structure, evolution, and chemistry of protoplanetary disks. However, a direct detection of the magnetic field toward these objects has yet to be achieved.
Aims. In order to characterize the magnetic fields of protoplanetary disks, we investigate the impact of the Zeeman effect on the (polarized) radiative transfer of emission from paramagnetic molecules excited in protoplanetary disks.
Methods. While the effects of the Zeeman effect are commonly studied in the circular polarization of spectral lines, we also performed a comprehensive modeling of the Zeeman-induced broadening of spectral lines and their linear polarization. We developed simplified radiative transfer models adapted to protoplanetary disks, which we compare to full three-dimensional polarized radiative transfer simulations.
Results. We find that the radiative transfer of circular polarization is heavily affected by the expected polarity change of the magnetic field between opposite sides of the disk. In contrast, Zeeman broadening and linear polarization are relatively unaffected by this sign change due to their quadratic dependence on the magnetic field. We can match our simplified radiative transfer models to full polarization modeling with high fidelity, which in turn allows us to prescribe straightforward methods to extract magnetic field information from Zeeman broadening and linear polarization observations.
Conclusions. We find that Zeeman broadening and linear polarization observations are highly advantageous methods to characterize protoplanetary disk magnetic fields as they are both sensitive probes of the magnetic field and are marginally affected by any sign change of the disk magnetic field. Applying our results to existing circular polarization observations of protoplanetary disk specral lines suggests that the current upper limits on the toroidal magnetic field strengths have to be raised.
Optimal Sweep Gas to Blood Flow Ratio (V/Q) for Initiation of Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Pediatric Patient Population: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Clingan Sean P. , Reagor James A. , Ollberding Nicholas J. 
Published: July 2023

The optimal setting to achieve a suitable PaCO2 value of 35–45 mmHg upon initiating cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the pediatric population is undefined in the literature. Sweep gas is set upon initiating and modified throughout CPB to reduce potential complications related to compensatory metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis and associated cerebral blood flow fluctuations. This study retrospectively examined 1,077 CPB cases for which PaCO2 values were no less than 30 mmHg and no greater than 50 mmHg on the pre-CPB blood gas result. Through an observation of the results, we attempted to determine the optimal sweep gas setting upon initiating CPB to obtain a physiologic PaCO2 value of 35–45 mmHg. The probability of achieving an optimal PaCO2 value was modeled as a function of the average sweep gas to blood flow ratio during the period before the first blood gas on CPB. The median sweep gas to blood flow ratio (V/Q) was .64 (.51; .76), with a median first PaCO2 value on CPB of 42 mmHg (38.8; 45). A .6 V/Q had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.57 of obtaining a PaCO2 value between 35 and 45 mmHg on the first CPB blood gas when compared with a .4 V/Q (Figure 1Figure 1.Bivariate associations between PaCO2 and the V/Q ratio. (A) Spike histogram with loess curve showing the proportion of patients with a first PaCO2 value on CPB between 35 and 45 mmHg according to the V/Q ratio. (B) Scatterplot and loess curve (gray line) for PaCO2 on CPB according to the V/Q ratio. Dashed lines indicate the target range of 35–45 mmHg. (C) Model-based estimate of the predicted probability and 95% CI for PaCO2 on CPB between 35 and 45 mmHg according to the V/Q ratio obtained from logistic regression. (D) Model-based estimate of the predicted PaCO2 on CPB according to the V/Q ratio obtained from ordinal regression. Prop, proportion.). A .9 V/Q had a 1.76 OR when compared with a .4 and a 1.12 OR when compared with .6. Using a .6 V/Q ratio achieved a PaCO2 value within normal physiologic limits with no significant advantage to a higher V/Q ratio overall. However, younger or smaller patients required a higher V/Q to achieve similar probabilities of being within limits and similar PaCO2 values when compared with the older or larger patients.
In silico docking and Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations studies of
selected phytochemicals against Human Glycolate Oxidase (hGOX) and Oxalate
oxidase (OxO)
Authors: Nageswari Patnam , Swathi K 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobally, Urolithiasis is the most prevalent urological problem which affects the
populations across the ages and races. In recent years, several phytochemicals
are being investigated to improve the efficacy and safety of anti-urolithiasis
formulations. To develop drugs based on traditional medicines, it is essential
to understand the molecular mechanism of action of these drugs. We present the
results of in silico docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation
studies on selected phytochemical including catechin, epicatechin, gallic acid,
gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin 3-o-gallate,
4-methoxy-nor-securine, nor-securinine, and fisetin with human glycolate oxidase
(hGOX) and oxalate oxidase (OxO). Gallic acid, gallocatechin and fisetin showed
better docking scores than the rest. In MD simulation analysis, stable
interactions of the gallic acid with hGOX and OxO; gallocatechin and fisetin
with hGOX were observed. It was found that, gallic acid stably interacts
withTYR26, LYS 236, ARG 315, and ASP 291 residues of hGOX. On other hand, gallic
acid stably interacs with GLU 58 residue of OxO. Gallocatechin, forms stable
interactions with TYR 26, ASP 170, ARG 167 and THR 161 of HGOX. In MD
simulations, fisetin stably interacted with TYR 26, TRP110 and ARG 263 as we
predicted in molecular docking. None of the interactions was formed during the
MD simulation of OxO with gallocatechin and fisetin. Together, these results
suggest that gallic acid, gallocatechin and fisetin are the potential candidates
for the development of phytochemicals for the management of urolithiasis in
humans.
GIP und GLP-1-Rezeptoragonismus in der Therapie des Typ 2 Diabetes mit Fokus auf Tirzepatid
Authors: Nauck Michael A. , Blüher Matthias , Meyhöfer Sebastian M. , Heitmann Elke , Görgens Sven W 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Wirkung von Inkretinen trägt wesentlich zur Aufrechterhaltung einer normalen oralen Glukosetoleranz bei gesunden Personen bei. Diese wird größtenteils durch zwei Darmhormone vermittelt: das Glukose-abhängige insulinotrope Polypeptid (GIP) und das Glukagon-ähnliche Peptid 1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1). Dieser Mechanismus ist bei Patienten/Patientinnen mit Typ-2-Diabetes deutlich reduziert. Inkretin-basierte Therapien wie GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten und Dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4)-Inhibitoren sind heute etablierte Substanzklassen in der Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes. Neue Forschungsergebnisse, insbesondere mit Agonisten, die sowohl an GIP- als auch GLP-1-Rezeptoren wirken, steigerten das Interesse an GIP in der Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes. In der Bauchspeicheldrüse verstärken beide Inkretine die Glukose-abhängige Insulinsekretion. GLP-1 unterdrückt glukose-abhängig die Glukagon-Sekretion, während GIP die Glukagon-Sekretion besonders bei niedrigen Plasmaglukosekonzentrationen stimuliert. Im Fettgewebe fördert GIP die Durchblutung, erhöht die Glukoseaufnahme und Triglyzerid-Speicherung und kann bei hohen Glukosespiegeln und niedrigen Plasmainsulinspiegeln eine direkte lipolytische Wirkung haben. Tierexperimentelle Studien deuten darauf hin, dass GIP wie auch GLP-1 einen Effekt auf die Sättigungsregulation im Gehirn haben kann.Tirzepatid wurde so entwickelt, dass es das physiologische Inkretin-Gleichgewicht nachahmt, indem es sowohl an GIP- als auch GLP-1-Rezeptoren wirkt. Jüngste Daten aus dem SURPASS-Programm klinischer Phase-3-Studien mit Tirzepatid weisen darauf hin, dass sich der neuartige Wirkstoff besonders stark auf die Blutzuckersenkung und die Körpergewichtsreduktion auswirkt. Die Effekte übertreffen bezüglich glykämischer Kontrolle, Insulinsekretion, Glukagon-Suppression, Insulinsensitivität und Körpergewichtsreduktion sowohl die Wirkung potenter GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten als auch von Basalinsulinen, sodass der Einfluss von GIP neu bewertet werden muss. Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel fasst die physiologischen Effekte von GIP und GLP-1 zusammen. Um den genauen Wirkmechanismus von Tirzepatid und anderen GIP- und GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten vollständig zu verstehen, bedarf es weiterer Forschung.
Effect of Nifedipine Used in the Treatment of the Threat of Preterm
Labor on Total Uterine Artery Blood Volume Flow Rate
Authors: Eroğlu Hasan , Turgal Mert , Altınboğa Orhan , Karakoç Gökhan , Sarsmaz Kemal , Yucel Aykan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose Evaluation of the effect of maternal nifedipine treatment on total
uterine artery blood volume flow rate (TVFR).
Methods In this prospective study, 43 women who were admitted to the
Perinatology Department of the University of Health Sciences Etlik
Zübeyde Hanım Gynecology Training and Research Hospital, with
the diagnosis of the threat of preterm labor, and 40 healthy pregnant women, who
were randomly selected as the control group, were evaluated between July 1,
2018, and September 1, 2018. A transabdominal ultrasound examination of uterine
arteries was performed both before and 48 hours after administration of
oral nifedipine for TVFR measurement. For the final analysis, the TVFR levels of
the group diagnosed with the threat of preterm labor and the control group were
compared.
Results There was no significant difference in either uterine artery
pulsatility index or resistance index values as well as the diameters of the
uterine arteries after nifedipine treatment (p>0.05 for all). Total
uterine artery blood volume flow rate (TVFR) was
424.66±236.74 mL/min before and
543.39±309.68 mL/min after treatment with nifedipine and
was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05).
ConclusionsOur study showed a statistically significant increase in total
uterine artery blood volume flow rate 48 hours after oral nifedipine
treatment.