bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of hepatic embryonic stem cell factors are essential biopredictive markers for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xusheng , Liu Kejun , Zhou Hongcai , Wei Peng , Chen Bendong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the activation of hepatic embryonic stem cell factor in hepatocellular carcinoma and its characteristic effect on hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods
Based on mRNA-seq data of hepatocellular carcinoma and matched clinical data in the TCGA database, and mRNA-seq data of hepatic embryonic stem cell genes screened by laboratory sequencing, we used the R package and some online analysis tools to find activated hepatic embryonic stem cell genes in hepatocellular carcinoma, and used support vector machine (SVM) and LASSO regression analysis to further screen out significantly differentially expressed hepatic embryonic stem cell genes, and to investigate their functional characteristics and clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma based on the expression of these hepatic embryonic stem cell genes. Finally, the expression of five embryonic stem cell factors in HCC tissues was detected based on immunohistochemical methods.
Results
Five liver embryonic stem cell genes, TYW3/CKLF/P2RY6/TUBA1B and RSU1 were significantly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, showed good diagnostic efficacy for hepatocellular carcinoma, and were significantly associated with a poorer survival prognosis of patients. The prognostic model based on the five hepatic embryonic cell genes showed good predictive efficacy and has good potential for clinical application, immunohistochemical expression validation results also showed high expression of TYW3/CKLF/P2RY6/TUBA1B, and RSU1 in HCC, and were highly expressed in HCC and mainly expressed in the cytoplasm.
Conclusion
The activation of five hepatic germ cell genes, TYW3/CKLF/P2RY6/TUBA1B, and RSU1 are important diagnostic targets and prognostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma, which significantly correlated with patient clinical prognosis. And the prognostic model of HCC based on TYW3/CKLF/P2RY6/TUBA1B, and RSU1 has a good clinical application potential for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Efficacy of Intramedullary Bridge Internal Fixation System for Midshaft Clavicle Fractures: A Novel Technique for Clavicle Treatment
Authors: Ma Tianyong , Su Huan , Lu Yihong , Chen Junping , Tan Weiyuan , Lei Fang , Wang Dewei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: The intramedullary nail fixation approach currently used for midshaft clavicle fractures is associated with complications, including nail loosening and displacement, nail end protrusion and soft tissue irritation. In this study, we propose a novel intramedullary fixation technique using the ortho-bridge system (OBS) to improve clinical outcomes and avoid the issues linked with treating midshaft clavicle fractures.
Methods: Sixty-three patients with midshaft clavicle fractures were randomly categorized into a control group (n = 35) and an observation group (n = 28). The control group received internal fixation with a locking plate, while the observation group underwent OBS intramedullary fixation. Surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, fracture healing time, removal of internal fixation, visual analog scale (VAS) for shoulder pain, Constant Shoulder Score and complication occurrence were compared between the two groups.
Results: In preoperative general data, such as sex, age and fracture types were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the observation group showed better outcomes than the control group in terms of surgical time, intraoperative blood loss and total incision length (P< 0.05). Additionally, the observation group exhibited significantly shorter fracture healing time and internal fixation removal time than the control group (P < 0.05). VAS scores at postoperative day 1, week 1, month 1 and month 3 were lower in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05).Furthermore, the observation group had higher Constant Shoulder Scores at 1, 3,and 6 months than the control group (P < 0.05), with no significant difference at 1 year postoperatively (P > 0.05). Lastly, complication incidence in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The study revealed that compared to locking plate internal fixation for midshaft clavicle fractures, OBS intramedullary fixation offers advantages, including reduced surgical trauma, lesser postoperative pain, faster fracture healing, earlier shoulder joint function recovery and fewer complications. Additionally, this approach provides better aesthetic outcomes and comfort in the surgical area. Therefore, this technique may have potential clinical application as a novel treatment for midshaft clavicle fractures.
Minimize Average Tasks Processing Time in Satellite MobileEdge Computing Systems via a Deep Reinforcement Learning Method
Authors: Pang Shanchen , Zheng jianyang , Wang Min , Qiao Sibo , He Xiao , Gao Changnan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the development of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and the advancement of the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm have addressed the requirement for Satellite Mobile Edge Computing (Sat-MEC) servers to support remote Internet of Things (IoT) Mobile devices (IMDs) in the absence of terrestrial networks. However, optimizing the execution time of ground-based tasks in this scenario is still a huge challenge due to the heterogeneity of tasks and Sat-MEC servers.In this paper, we proposed an algorithm in the context of Sat-MEC architecture aimed at minimizing average tasks processing time. In a significant portion of other papers that have considered the access of Sat-MEC to terrestrial network architectures, the interplay between task characteristics and server characteristics is often not considered simultaneously, and basically only single tasks are considered in sequence for offloading decisions, which is difficult to seek the optimal average processing time for multiple tasks, therefore, we proposed a algorithm which considers several factors, including the collaboration among LEO satellites, the concurrency and heterogeneity of tasks, the dynamics of LEO satellites, the heterogeneity of computation capability of Sat-MEC servers, and the heterogeneity of the initial queue for task computation. Due to the stochastic nature of the optimization problem and the high-dimensional nature of the solution space, we apply a deep reinforcement learning method to navigate through this high-dimensional space. And use a self-attentive mechanism in the Q-network to extract relational features between tasks and Sat-MEC servers. The decision process of task offloading solutions is determined by the similarity values between tasks and Sat-MEC servers. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm, showing that the average processing time of tasks is lower compared to other baseline solutions.
Energy Release Rate of a Mode-I Crack in Pure Shear Specimens Subjected to Large Deformation
Authors: Zhu Bangguo , Wang Jikun , Zehnder Alan T. , Hui Chung-Yuen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Pure Shear (PS) crack specimen is widely employed to assess the fracture toughness of soft elastic materials. It serves as a valuable tool for investigating the behavior of crack growth in a steady-state manner following crack initiation. One of its advantages lies in the fact that the energy release rate (J) remains approximately constant for sufficiently long cracks, independent of crack length. Additionally, the PS specimen facilitates the easy evaluation of J for long cracks by means of a tension test conducted on an uncracked sample. However, the lack of a published expression for short cracks currently restricts the usefulness of this specimen. To overcome this limitation, we conducted a series of finite element (FE) simulations utilizing three different constitutive models, namely the neo-Hookean (NH), Arruda-Boyce (AB), and Mooney-Rivlin (MR) models. Our finite element analysis (FEA) encompassed practical crack lengths and strain levels. The results revealed that under a fixed applied displacement, the energy release rate (J) monotonically increases with the crack length for short cracks, reaches a steady-state value when the crack length exceeds the height of the specimen, and subsequently decreases as the crack approaches the end of the specimen. Drawing from these findings, we propose a simple closed-form expression for J that can be applied to most hyper-elastic models and is suitable for all practical crack lengths, particularly short cracks.
Dataset reflecting roadmap and sustainability in STEM careers of secondary school graduates of Mbeya city in Tanzania
Authors: Kibona Isack E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The essence of this study is to raise awareness to address vicious gap of requirements of the 21st century competencies against the prevailing practices toward STEM careers in secondary schools. One of the purposes of the National Examination Council of Tanzania (NECTA) is to sort out placements of students into correct future careers. This paper testifies results and future implication in STEM careers of secondary school candidates of the NECTA sat for the year 2022 Certificate of Secondary School Education (CSEE) in Mbeya city. The Author collected CSEE results from 58 schools, of which 32 were private schools. The study observed results of 7959 candidates of which about one third were from private schools. Overall performance in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects’ results processed to get a reflection on future STEM careers of the graduates. This study concerned following global job projections in this century characterised by a bias of increase in STEM career jobs over non-STEM jobs.
Biology, chemistry, physics and basic mathematics are STEM subjects running in secondary school, where biology and mathematics are compulsory. Number of students with at least a minimum pass in biology, physics, and basic mathematics were 5339 (67%), 1564 (20%) and 1766 (22%) respectively. Chi-square testing exposed that gender equity gap in STEM subjects for private schools was no longer an issue. Overall performance in biology, chemistry and physics showed that a least number of students opted in physics in all schools. Although biology and basic mathematics are compulsory but failure in basic mathematics is the worst of all STEM subjects.
The study revealed that 1482 (19%) graduates were potential STEM careers out of which 586 were girls. In order to enhance STEM enrolment, physics; need to be compulsory to all prospects of STEM career (science students). This shall lift performance in all STEM subjects. It appears in this study that performance in physics (19%) is a stronger predictor of STEM career than performance in mathematics (22%).
Highly diastereoselective synthesis of piperidine-2-one-substituted pyridinium salts from pyridinium ylides, aldehydes, Michael acceptors and ammonium acetate
Authors: Vinokurov Andrey D. , Iliyasov Taygib M. , Karpenko Kirill A. , Akchurin Radmir N. , Derkach Yana V. , Vereshchagin Anatoly N. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A novel four-component diastereoselective synthesis of pyridinium salts of piperidin-2-ones is reported. The Michael–Mannich cascade was conducted using Michael acceptors, pyridinium ylides, aromatic aldehydes and ammonium acetate in methanol. It is a convenient approach to the synthesis of 1-((3SR,4RS,6SR)-5,5-dicyano-2-oxo-4,6-diarylpiperidin-3-yl)pyridin-1-ium halogenides with three stereocenters in 48–84% or 1-((3SR,4RS,5RS,6SR)-5-cyano-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-oxo-4,6-diarylpiperidin-3-yl)pyridin-1-ium halogenide with four stereocenters in 44–74%. This reaction is highly stereoselective. Only one diastereomer was formed. Ammonium acetate plays a dual role, acting as a base and as a nitrogen source. Structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectra. The formation of a single diastereomer was confirmed by singe-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
Clinical application of MMP-3 in evaluating bone erosion in gouty arthritis
Authors: LI Qian , NIE Pei-ying , XU Wen-yu , QIAN Kai , REN Qi-jie , GU Bing-jie , SHEN Min-ning , Chen Xing-guo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical application of serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in bone erosion in gouty arthritis patients with with tophi.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted to select 159 patients with gouty arthritis admitted to the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Nanjing First Hospital from June 2022 to March 2023. According to the 2015 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for gout and the results of X-ray、musculoskeletal ultrasound or dual source CT examination of gouty joints, the patients were divided into two groups,85 cases without tophi and 74 cases with tophi. The serum MMP-3 levels of the two groups were detected by latex enhanced immunoturbidimetry, and the differences of serum MMP-3 levels between the two groups were compared. The evaluation and prediction efficacy of serum MMP-3 levels on bone erosion in gouty arthritis patients were evaluated based on the imaging results, and the influencing factors of bone erosion in gouty arthritis patients were analyzed.
Results
The serum MMP-3 level in the group with tophi was significantly higher than that in the group without tophi, 150.31(74.99, 216.55)vs 60.15༈43.58, 75.34༉ng/ml, and the difference was statistically significant༈P < 0.001༉. The optimal cutoff value of serum MMP-3 for predicting bone erosion in gouty arthritis patients was 118.19ng/ml, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.811. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum MMP-3 level was an independent risk factor for bone erosion in gouty arthritis patients (OR = 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.05, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Serum MMP-3 level is closely related to the occurrence of bone erosion in gouty arthritis patients, which provides certain basis for the prediction of bone erosion in gouty arthritis and has clinical application value.
Construction of Kitagawa-Takahashi Diagrams as a Function of Applied Stress Ratio
Authors: Sunder R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Construction of the Kitagawa-Takahashi (K-T) diagram requires inputs of two material properties, namely, endurance limit and threshold stress intensity range, ΔKth. Both are sensitive to applied stress ratio. The effect of stress ratio on endurance limit is well known. Unfortunately, crack closure, associated with the nature of conventional testing practice obscures the effect of stress ratio on intrinsic, closure free ΔKth that would apply to natural crack like defects and short cracks. This study was made possible by the development of a new test method to characterize closure free threshold conditions under controlled near-tip residual stress conditions that essentially determine near-tip stress ratio at threshold. A procedure is described to construct the K-T diagram, using ΔKth values corrected for stress ratio and applicable to pre-existing defects and short cracks at notches that are unlikely to see closure. As a case study, a K-T diagram valid for different applied stress ratios is constructed for titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V.
Impact of Watershed Ecological Restoration on The Value of Ecosystem Services: a Case of The Ling River Basin in China
Authors: Sun RUI , Tian Ye , Mao Yang , Li Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Since the theory of sustainable development was proposed, large-scale ecological restoration projects have improved the quality and flow of ecosystem services. The primary issue that needs to be addressed in the next phase of ecological restoration decisions is how to further improve the conservation efficiency of ecological restoration projects. Evaluating the value of ecosystem services helps recognize the links between regions and assess the effectiveness of ecological restoration. By describing the general condition of ecosystem operation, we can strengthen the argumentation and planning of ecological restoration measures. Watershed-scale ecological restoration project is an essential part of spatial ecological restoration in China. However, the valuation of ecosystem services at the watershed scale has rarely been studied compared to the restoration scale. This paper selects the Ling River Basin, a key implementation area for ecological restoration projects in Chinese watersheds, as the study area. The important ecological restoration projects during the 40 years from 1980 to 2020 are reviewed. Landsat TM/ETM remote sensing images were used as the primary data source and generated by manual visual interpretation. The value of 11 ecosystem service functions was calculated using the unit area equivalent factor method, and the impact of watershed ecological restoration on ecosystem services was analyzed. The results show that: (1) The value of ecosystem services in the Ling River Basin showed a trend of "first decreasing then increasing" from 1980 to 2020; (2) the value of ecosystem services in the Ling River Basin increased by 9.74 billion yuan in 40 years; (3) Grassland area decreased the most from 1980 to 2020, by 3550.53 km2 (-55%), mainly concentrated in 2005-2010, with a decrease of 3527.24 km2 (-54.8%) in 5 years; arable land area decreased the second most, compared with the largest arable land area in 1990 decreased by 525.95 km2 (-5%); (4) The ecological restoration project in the Ling River basin has the greatest impact on the regulating services, with a change of 36.9%, mainly affecting the hydrological regulating function. This is followed by cultural services, with a change of 35.1%, mainly due to the increase in cultural values brought about by the increase in watershed and woodland areas. The impact on support services is relatively small, with a change of 25.7%. The lowest impact on supply services, with a change of 11.8%, mainly affects water supply capacity; (5) Food production value showed an opposite trend to the other ten ESV changes; (6) Hydrological regulation, climate regulation, and soil conservation are important ecosystem service functions in the Ling River basin, contributing more than 65% of the annual ecosystem service value; (7) Ecological restoration measures in the Ling River basin have a positive impact on ecosystem service value.
WITHDRAWN: Machine Learning based Intrustion Detection. System for IoT Applications using Explainable AI
Authors: Shaheen Hina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This research focuses on studying the classification performance of a Machine Learning-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) using the UNSW-NB15 dataset. The effectiveness of three classifiers - Decision Tree, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and XGBoost - was analyzed to determine their accuracy in identifying attacks and normal network traffic. The experimental results revealed that Decision Tree achieved an accuracy of 85%, MLP achieved an accuracy of 89.83%, and XGBoost achieved an accuracy of 89.9%. Additionally, the explanability of the machine learning models was analyzed, highlighting the differences in interpretability among the classifiers. It was observed that Decision Tree provided better explanability, but lower accuracy compared to MLP and XGBoost. Overall, this research contributes to our comprehension of the performance and explanability of three different machine learning classifiers for intrusion detection, The findings can provide valuable insights for choosing suitable classifiers that align with the specific priorities and requirements of the IDS system.
Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu Capsule Ameliorates Platelet Aggregation and
Thrombus Induced by Aspirin in Rats by Regulating Lipid Metabolism
and MicroRNA Pathway
Authors: Qiuyue Li , Gulin Deng , Hong Xu , Jiazhen Yin , Rukui Yuan , Xinwu Huang , Guochun Li 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Zhilong Huoxue Tongyu capsule (ZLHX) is a traditional Chinese medicinal
compound preparation, which exhibits obvious therapeutic effects on aspirin resistance (AR).
However, the mechanism of ZLHX on AR is rarely reported.

Objectives:
This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of AR and the underlying mechanisms
of ZLHX on AR rats.

Methods:
An AR model was established through treatment with a high-fat, high-sugar, and highsalt
diet for 12 weeks and oral administration of aspirin (27 mg/kg/day) and ibuprofen (36
mg/kg/day) in weeks 9-12. The rats were administrated with ZLHX (225, 450, and 900 mg/kg)
from week 12 to week 16. Blood samples were collected after the experiment. Thromboelastography
analysis was performed, and the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), lowdensity
lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were
determined. Furthermore, the levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-
keto-PGF1α) were determined with commercial ELISA kits. Finally, the gene expressions of microRNA-
126-3p (miRNA-126-3p) and miRNA-34b-3p were detected through a real-time quantitative
polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Results demonstrated that ZLHX significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in the AR
rats. Moreover, ZLHX markedly decreased the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C and increased the
level of HDL-C. Meanwhile, ELISA results confirmed that ZLHX can elevate the expression levels
of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α. Further studies suggested that ZLHX significantly downregulated
the expression levels of miRNA-126-3p and miRNA-34b-3p.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that the therapeutic effect of ZLHX might be related to the regulation
of lipid metabolism and the miRNA pathway.
Review of Development and Characteristics Research on Electro-hydraulic
Servo System
Authors: Li Jianying , Kong Lingbing , Liang Heng , LI Weidong 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The nonlinear problem of the electro-hydraulic servo system directly affects
the system accuracy, response speed and other indicators, and the resulting problems of control
inaccuracy and response delay urgently need to be solved.

Method:
This article provides an overview of the working principle of electro-hydraulic servo systems,
reviews the development history of electro-hydraulic servo systems, and summarizes the current
research difficulties and latest patents of electro-hydraulic servo systems from the characteristics
of active and passive loading systems,electro-hydraulic servo system multi flexibility characteristics,
gap nonlinearity,parameter time-varying characteristics,mathematical modeling,force
tracking accuracy control strategy, etc.

Result:
A large number of scholars have proposed the latest optimization strategies to address the
nonlinear problems in various aspects of the electro-hydraulic servo system, effectively improving
the control accuracy and static and dynamic characteristics of the electro-hydraulic servo system.

Conclusion:
By summarizing the latest progress in the study of nonlinear problems in various links
of electro-hydraulic servo systems, it has played a guiding role in their future improvement and optimization
strategies.