bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved representation of volcanic sulfur dioxide depletion in Lagrangian transport simulations: a case study with MPTRAC v2.4
Authors: Liu Mingzhao , Hoffmann Lars , Griessbach Sabine , Cai Zhongyin , Heng Yi , Wu Xue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The lifetime of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the Earth's atmosphere varies from orders of hours to weeks, mainly depending on whether cloud water is present or not. The volcanic eruption on Ambae Island, Vanuatu, in July 2018 injected a large amount of SO2 into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) region with abundant cloud cover. In-cloud removal is therefore expected to play an important role during long-range transport and dispersion of SO2. In order to better represent the rapid decay processes of SO2 observed by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) in Lagrangian transport simulations, we simulate the SO2 decay in a more realistic manner compared to our earlier work, considering gas-phase hydroxyl (OH) chemistry, aqueous-phase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) chemistry, wet deposition, and convection. The either newly developed or improved chemical and physical modules are implemented in the Lagrangian transport model Massive-Parallel Trajectory Calculations (MPTRAC) and tested in a case study for the July 2018 Ambae eruption. To access the dependencies of the SO2 lifetime on the complex atmospheric conditions, sensitivity tests are conducted by tuning the control parameters, e.g., by changing the release height, the predefined OH climatology data, the cloud pH value, the cloud cover, and other variables. Wet deposition and aqueous-phase H2O2 oxidation remarkably increased the decay rate of the SO2 total mass, which leads to a rapid and more realistic depletion of the Ambae plume. The improved representation of chemical and physical SO2 loss processes described here is expected to lead to more realistic Lagrangian transport simulations of volcanic eruption events with MPTRAC in future work.
Calibration of groundwater seepage against the spatial distribution of the stream network to assess catchment-scale hydraulic properties
Authors: Abhervé Ronan , Roques Clément , Gauvain Alexandre , Longuevergne Laurent , Louaisil Stéphane , Aquilina Luc , de Dreuzy Jean-Raynald 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The assessment of effective hydraulic properties at the catchment scale,
i.e., hydraulic conductivity (K) and transmissivity (T), is particularly
challenging due to the sparse availability of hydrological monitoring
systems through stream gauges and boreholes. To overcome this challenge, we
propose a calibration methodology which only considers information from a digital elevation model (DEM) and the spatial distribution of the stream
network. The methodology is built on the assumption that the groundwater
system is the main driver controlling the stream density and extension,
where the perennial stream network reflects the intersection of the
groundwater table with the topography. Indeed, the groundwater seepage at
the surface is primarily controlled by the topography, the aquifer
thickness and the dimensionless parameter K/R, where R is the average
recharge rate. Here, we use a process-based and parsimonious 3D groundwater
flow model to calibrate K/R by minimizing the relative distances between
the observed and the simulated stream network generated from groundwater
seepage zones. By deploying the methodology in 24 selected headwater
catchments located in northwestern France, we demonstrate that the method
successfully predicts the stream network extent for 80 % of the cases.
Results show a high sensitivity of K/R to the extension of the low-order
streams and limited impacts of the DEM resolution as long the DEM remains
consistent with the stream network observations. By assuming an average
recharge rate, we found that effective K values vary between 1.0×10-5 and 1.1×10-4 m s−1, in agreement with local estimates derived from hydraulic tests and independent calibrated groundwater model. With the emergence of global remote-sensing databases compiling information on high-resolution DEM and stream networks, this approach provides new opportunities to assess hydraulic properties of unconfined aquifers in ungauged basins.
Towards reducing the high cost of parameter sensitivity analysis in hydrologic modeling: a regional parameter sensitivity analysis approach
Authors: Larabi Samah , Mai Juliane , Schnorbus Markus , Tolson Bryan A. , Zwiers Francis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Land surface models have many parameters that have a spatially variable impact on model outputs. In applying these models, sensitivity analysis (SA) is sometimes performed as an initial step to select calibration parameters. As these models are applied to large domains, performing sensitivity analysis across the domain is computationally prohibitive. Here, using a Variable Infiltration Capacity model (VIC) deployment to a large domain as an example, we show that watershed classification based on climatic attributes and vegetation land cover helps to identify the spatial pattern of parameter sensitivity within the domain at a reduced cost. We evaluate the sensitivity of 44 VIC model parameters with regard to streamflow, evapotranspiration and snow water equivalent over 25 basins with a median size of 5078 km2. Basins are clustered based on their climatic and land cover attributes. Performance in transferring parameter sensitivity between basins of the same cluster is evaluated by the F1 score. Results show that two donor basins per cluster are sufficient to correctly identify sensitive parameters in a target basin, with F1 scores ranging between 0.66 (evapotranspiration) and 1 (snow water equivalent). While climatic attributes are sufficient to identify sensitive parameters for streamflow and evapotranspiration, including the vegetation class significantly improves skill in identifying sensitive parameters for the snow water equivalent. This work reveals that there is opportunity to leverage climate and land cover attributes to greatly increase the efficiency of parameter sensitivity analysis and facilitate more rapid deployment of land surface models over large spatial domains.
Rapid estimation of seismic intensities by analyzing early aftershock sequences using the robust locally weighted regression program (LOWESS)
Authors: Zhao Huaiqun , Chen Wenkai , Zhang Can , Kang Dengjie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Accurate and rapid assessment of seismic intensity after a destructive earthquake is essential for efficient early emergency response. We proposed
an improved method, AL-SM99, to assess seismic intensity by analyzing aftershock sequences that occur within 2 h of mainshocks. The
implementation effect and application conditions of this method were illustrated using 27 earthquakes with Mw 6.5–8.3 that occurred
globally between 2000 and 2023. When the fault system in the seismic region is clear and simple, the robust LOWESS-fitted (locally weighted regression program) curves could be used to estimate the location and length of the fault rupture. LOWESS results can indicate the overall rupture trend
and make reliable rupture-scale judgments even when the fault system is complex. When Mw ≥ 7.0 and the number of aftershocks
exceeds 40, the AL-SM99 intensity evaluation results may be more reliable. Using aftershock catalogues obtained by conventional means allows for a
stable assessment of seismic intensities within 1.5 h of the mainshock. When the number of aftershocks is sufficiently large, the intensity assessment time can be greatly reduced. With early accessible aftershocks, we can quickly determine the rupture fault planes and have a better estimate of the seismic intensities. The results of the intensity assessment provide a useful guide for determining the extent of the hardest-hit areas. By expanding the data sources for seismic intensity assessment, the early accessible data are utilized adequately. This study provides a valuable reference point for investigating the relationship between early aftershock events and fault rupture.
Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database
Authors: Løkkegaard Anja , Mankoff Kenneth D. , Zdanowicz Christian , Clow Gary D. , Lüthi Martin P. , Doyle Samuel H. , Thomsen Henrik H. , Fisher David , Harper Joel , Aschwanden Andy , Vinther Bo M. , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe , Zekollari Harry , Meierbachtol Toby , McDowell Ian , Humphrey Neil , Solgaard Anne , Karlsson Nanna B. , Khan Shfaqat A. , Hills Benjamin , Law Robert , Hubbard Bryn , Christoffersen Poul , Jacquemart Mylène , Seguinot Julien , Fausto Robert S. , Colgan William T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Here, we present a compilation of 95 ice temperature profiles from 85 boreholes from the Greenland ice sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Profiles from only 31 boreholes (36 %) were previously available in open-access data repositories. The remaining 54 borehole profiles (64 %) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 95 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales and are accompanied by extensive metadata. These metadata include a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland ice sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process level insight on simulated ice temperatures.
Yetişkin Bireylerde Beslenme Okuryazarlığının Ev Dışı Beslenme ve Besin Tercihleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: BAŞ Dilşat , ÇAKIR BİÇER Nihan , KARACA Kezban Esen , OKAN BAKIR Binnur 
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada bireylerin beslenme okuryazarlığı düzeyinin ev dışında beslenme, eve dışarıdan yemek sipariş etme ve sağlıklı besin tercihleri üzerinde etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma 18-65 yaş arasında 393 gönüllü birey ile yürütülmüştür. Çevrimiçi anket yöntemi kullanılarak katılımcıların beslenme okuryazarlığı düzeyi, ev dışı yemek yeme, eve yemek sipariş etme sıklığı ve tercihleri sorgulanmıştır. Beslenme okuryazarlığını değerlendirmek için ‘Kendini Algılayan Gıda Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği’ (SPFLS) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya 288 kadın (%73.3) ve 105 erkek (%26.7) katılmıştır. SPFLS toplam puan ortalaması kadın katılımcıların 89.58±12.21 iken, erkek katılımcıların 87.12±15.08 olarak bulunmuştur. Ev dışı yemek sipariş verme sıklığına göre toplam SPFLS puanı karşılaştırıldığında sık yemek sipariş edenler ile hiç/nadir ve seyrek sipariş veren grubun toplam SPFL puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p0.001). SPFLS toplam puanı medyan değerin (90) üzerinde olan katılımcıların sağlıklı yiyecek tüketim sıklığı (sebze, meyve, tam tahıl ürünler ve kurubaklagiller), medyan değerin altında olan katılımcılara göre yüksek bulunurken (sırasıyla p0.001, p=0.002, p0.001), sağlıksız tercihlerin (gazlı içecekler, hazır meyve suyu ve meşrubat) tüketim sıklığı, iş/okul haricinde ev dışında yeme sıklığı ve eve yemek sipariş etme sıklığı düşük bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p=0.012, p=0.001, p=0.002 ve p=0.004).
Sonuç: Beslenme okuryazarlık düzeyi arttıkça sağlıklı tercihler yapma yönünde eğilimin arttığı görülmüştür. Halk sağlığı üzerinde değiştirilebilir bir risk faktörü olan beslenme okuryazarlığı düzeyinin yükseltilmesi ile toplum sağlığının iyileştirilebileceği ön görülmektedir.
Establishing Adaptive Governance in NFDI Consortia:
Authors: Apondo Eric , Züger Andrea , Bruns Andreas , Mehlis Katja , Schickhardt Christoph , Winkler Eva 
Published: September 2023

There is widespread support for patient and public involvement (PPI) as an ethical requirement in biomedical research and policy development [1, 2], including research using personal health data, such as genomic data [3]. Sharing genomic and other personal health data is important for progress in health research [4], but poses ethical, legal and societal challenges for the governance of research and the institutions that conduct and support it. These challenges arise in part from the varied interests of the stakeholders involved, including patients, researchers, and funders [5]. In recent years, there has been a rise in collaborations between research institutions that conduct joint research programs. In these research consortia, the objectives and stakeholders in research are multiplied and more varied, making governance even more complex [6]. There has been debate about strengths and weaknesses of different forms of governance of research, with proponents of adaptive governance highlighting its responsiveness and flexibility to evolving goals and needs of stakeholders [5, 7]. However, there are no set standards for involving patients in the governance of health research. Moreover, as it is a highly context-specific process, cultural, legal and social contexts of the individual institutions or consortia must be considered.
Within the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI), there are consortia supporting research with personal health data, one of which is the German Human Genome-Phenome Archive (GHGA) [8]. We describe GHGA’s PaGODA Project (Patient Involvement in the Governance of an Omics Data Archive), whose goals are to gather patients’ views for their involvement in the governance of GHGA by conducting deliberative forums, and to implement these views. We focus here on the process of translating the findings from the forums into the GHGA governance policy, and identify procedural factors that were important for the process.
RSpace + iRODS
Authors: Macneil Rory , Russell Terrell 
Published: September 2023

Research infrastructures enabling scalable sharing of data are proliferating, at the institutional, project/consortium and national/international levels. Many of these are domain-specific, but there also is a growing focus on Research Commons that enable general data sharing across domains. Examples include the EUDAT Collaborative Data Infrastructure in Europe, the Gakunin RDM platform in Japan, and the Research Commons planned by Canada’s Digital Research Alliance (DRA).
In some cases, such as Gakunin RDM, Research Commons are architected as an integrated set of complementary services, but in most existing and planned Research Commons a disparate set of unconnected services is offered. This paper describes the integration between RSpace, an active content management digital research platform, and iRODS, a policy-driven data management platform, and explains how it is designed to serve as a flexible connecting component that ties together other services that make up a Research Commons.
The paper discusses how, by tying together otherwise unconnected services, inclusion of RSpace + iRODS in Research Commons enables streamlined flows of data and metadata between services, enhancing FAIR principles. This will be illustrated by considering inclusion of RSpace + iRODS in the two specific examples of Canada’s proposed Research Commons and the EUDAT Collaborative Data Infrastructure. In both cases the interaction between RSpace, iRODS, and individual services provided by the Commons will be discussed, and a comparison will be made between the two Commons and the benefits derived from the inclusion of RSpace + iRODS.
Beyin Ölümü Ve Organ Bağışındaki Deneyimlerimiz
Authors: ÇAKIN Özlem , GÖKŞEN GÜMÜŞ Ayça , CENGİZ Melike , YILMAZ Murat , ARICI Ayşe Gülbin , BİLAL Nilgün , ARSLAN Ülkü , YÜCE AKTEPE Melike , RAMAZANOĞLU Atilla 
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi hastanesi Türkiye'nin önemli organ nakil merkezlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada erişkin yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) beyin ölüm oranı, izlemi, donör bakımı ve organ bağışı ile ilgili deneyimlerin paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Anestezi ve Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Ocak 2003-Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında beyin ölümü tanısı alan hastaların kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bu kayıtlarda hastaların demografik özellikleri, başvuru tanıları, yoğun bakım koma skorları, laboratuvar değerleri, değerlendirme tetkiklerinin yöntem ve süreleri, konsültasyon süreleri ve sevk bilgileri yer almaktadır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 136 (%66) erkek, 71 (%34) kadın hasta dahil edildi. Başvuru tanısında intrakraniyal kanama ilk sırada yer aldı. Bunu 56 (%27,05) ile subaraknoid kanama (SAK)ve 42 (%20,28) ile intraparankimal kanama izledi. Doğrulayıcı testler arasında SPECT (tek foton emisyonlu bilgisayarlı tomografi) ilk sırada yer aldı, 70 hastada (%33,81) kullanıldı. Serebral ölüm sonrası 27 (%13.04) hastada spinal refleks gözlendi. İki hastada (%0,96) Lazarus bulgusu vardı. Yetmiş bir (%34,29) hastada sempatik fırtına gelişti. Hastaların 122'sinde (%58,93) diabetes insipidus gelişti ve tüm hastalar medikal tedavi aldı. Ayrıntılı kayıtları bulunan 207 beyin ölümü vakasının 66'sı (%31,4) organlarını bağışladı.
Sonuç: Organ nakli hastalarında güven ortamı oluşturmak için ortak bir tanı protokolü gereklidir. Bu alanda daha fazla klinik araştırmaya ihtiyaç olduğunu yineliyoruz.
Changing Contemporary Scenario of India-Pakistan Relations: General Overview
Authors: Suthar Hukma Ram 
Published: September 2023

Recently, Pakistan released its new National Security Policy. This security policy outlines the thinking of the Pakistani system regarding the regional security environment and the threats to its national security. India has been mentioned prominently in this document. This reiterates the fact that Pakistan feels the biggest threat to itself is from India. It is also said in this document that geo-economic conditions will decide the geo-strategic orientation of Pakistan. However, given its ever-decreasing economic status, lack of connectivity with Central or South-East Asian markets, and increasing debt burden from China, Pakistan's geo-economic ambitions appear to be failing before they can even take off. Now the question is, how should India's national security system deal with this security strategy of Pakistan?
Abstract in Hindi Language:
अभी हाल ही में पाकिस्तान ने अपनी नई राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा नीति जारी की ये सुरक्षा नीति, सुरक्षा के क्षेत्रीय वातावरण को लेकर पाकिस्तानी तंत्र की सोच और उसकी राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के खतरों का खाका पेश करती है। इस दस्तावेज में भारत का जिक्र प्रमुखता से किया गया है। ये इस बात को दोहराता है कि पाकिस्तान को अपने ऊपर सबसे ज्यादा खतरा भारत से ही महसूस होता है। इस दस्तावेज में ये भी कहा गया है कि भू-आर्थिक स्थितियां ही पाकिस्तान की भू-सामरिक झुकाव को तय करेंगी। हालांकि, अपनी लगातार घटती आर्थिक हैसियत, मध्य या दक्षिणी पूर्वी एशियाई बाजारों के साथ कोई संपर्क न होने और चीन से लिए गए कर्ज के बढ़ते बोझ के चलते, पाकिस्तान की भू आर्थिक महत्वाकांक्षाएं परवान चढ़ने से पहले ही ढेर होती दिखती हैं। अब सवाल ये है कि भारत का राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा तंत्र, पाकिस्तान की इस सुरक्षा रणनीति से कैसे निपटे?
Keywords: पाकिस्तान, भारत, रणनीति, वर्तमान।
Efektivitas Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Apel Dalam Membentuk Karakter Disiplin Siswa Kelas XII di SMK Al Hadi Gresik
Authors: Moh. Irfan Sulthoni Moh. Irfan Sulthoni , Muhammad Ariesdy Prawiranegara Muhammad Ariesdy Prawiranegara , M Nizar Ibnu Zuhri M Nizar Ibnu Zuhri 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing apples in shaping the disciplinary character of class XII students at Al Hadi Gresik Vocational School. The method used is descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The sample used amounted to 18 people. Data collection techniques in this study used pretest and posttest and questionnaires with a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques used the Paired T test. The results of the study showed that the results of the analysis between morning apples and the paired T test on the SPSS computer program on student discipline were effective with Sig. 0.00 < 0.05, means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted due to the effectiveness of the implementation of the morning assembly in shaping the disciplinary character of students. Furthermore, based on the questionnaire from the responses of Class XII students of Al Hadi Gresik Vocational High School, it shows that the implementation of the morning assembly before learning is quite effective in instilling some good character values such as discipline, responsibility, courtesy and nationalism as well as mutual respect for fellow students and respect for others teacher.
Het Babylonische artikel 137c Sr
Authors: Velleman P.C. (Paul) , de Ruiter S.J. (Fien) 
Published: September 2023

Het Babylonische artikel 137c Sr
Het huidige groepsbeledigingsartikel biedt in principe een goed te volgen toetsingskader. Toch wordt het zogenaamde ‘driestappenkader’ niet altijd consistent toegepast door de Hoge Raad en lagere rechtbanken. Bepaalde termen die cruciaal zijn om de juridische redenering goed te volgen, worden door elkaar gebruikt in verschillende onderdelen van het driestappenkader. Dit gaat ten koste van de rechtseenheid. In deze bijdrage gaan de auteurs in op een aantal van dit soort onduidelijkheden en wordt aangegeven op welke wijze de jurisprudentie eenduidiger kan.
Hate crimes en codis-feiten
Authors: Hellemons S.V. (Bas) , Levie R.S. (Riemke) 
Published: September 2023

Hate crimes en codis-feiten; een conceptuele vergelijking
In Nederland hanteert het Openbaar Ministerie strafvorderlijk beleid met betrekking tot commune delicten waarbij discriminatie een rol speelt (codis-feiten). Internationaal wordt dit type feiten ook wel hate crimes genoemd. Kunnen in Nederland lessen worden getrokken uit de Amerikaanse benadering van hate crimes? In deze bijdrage worden codis-feiten en hate crimes op conceptueel niveau met elkaar vergeleken: wat zijn de overeenkomsten en verschillen? Deze vergelijking legt conceptuele onduidelijkheden bloot, maar staat ook stil bij de vraag hoe de hieruit voortkomende vragen beantwoord kunnen worden.
Discriminerende demonstranten
Authors: Rozemond N. (Klaas) 
Published: September 2023

Discriminerende demonstranten
Een verdachte wordt vrijgesproken voor haar uitlating over moslims tijdens een demonstratie van Pegida. De Hoge Raad verwerpt het cassatieberoep van het openbaar ministerie en betrekt daarbij dat de uitlating werd gedaan tijdens een demonstratie van een protestbeweging. Het demonstratierecht wordt beschermd door artikel 9 Gw en artikel 10 en 11 EVRM. Deze vrijspraak werpt een ander licht op de eerdere veroordelingen van Hans Janmaat, Constant Kusters en Geert Wilders. Wellicht moet achteraf worden geconstateerd dat deze veroordelingen onterecht waren.
Functie en karakter van de strafbaarstelling van groepsbelediging
Authors: ten Voorde J.M. (Jeroen) 
Published: September 2023

Functie en karakter van de strafbaarstelling van groepsbelediging
De functie van de strafbaarstelling van groepsbelediging is om het rechtsbelang van de openbare orde te beschermen en te bewaren. Wat is de betekenis van dit rechtsbelang voor deze strafbaarstelling? Het karakter van de groepsbelediging wordt in het bestanddeel belediging tot uitdrukking gebracht. Groepsbelediging levert een krenking op. Maar wat houdt die krenking in? Is er sprake van aanstoot of schade en hoe moet zij worden omschreven? En wat zeggen de functie en het karakter van groepsbelediging over dit misdrijf en meer algemeen over de verhouding tussen rechtsbelang en schade?