bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individualized assessment predictive models for risk and overall survival in elderly patients of primary kidney cancer with bone metastases: A large population-based study
Authors: Jiang Liming , Tong Yuexin , Jiang Jiajia , Zhao Dongxu 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundElderly people are at high risk of metastatic kidney cancer (KC), and, the bone is one of the most common metastatic sites for metastatic KC. However, studies on diagnostic and prognostic prediction models for bone metastases (BM) in elderly KC patients are still vacant. Therefore, it is necessary to establish new diagnostic and prognostic nomograms.MethodsWe downloaded the data of all KC patients aged more than 65 years during 2010–2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to study independent risk factors of BM in elderly KC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis for the study of independent prognostic factors in elderly KCBM patients. Survival differences were studied using Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival analysis. The predictive efficacy and clinical utility of nomograms were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsA final total of 17,404 elderly KC patients (training set: n = 12,184, validation set: n = 5,220) were included to study the risk of BM. 394 elderly KCBM patients (training set: n = 278, validation set: n = 116) were included to study the overall survival (OS). Age, histological type, tumor size, grade, T/N stage and brain/liver/lung metastasis were identified as independent risk factors for developing BM in elderly KC patients. Surgery, lung/liver metastasis and T stage were identified as independent prognostic factors in elderly KCBM patients. The diagnostic nomogram had AUCs of 0.859 and 0.850 in the training and validation sets, respectively. The AUCs of the prognostic nomogram in predicting OS at 12, 24 and 36 months were: training set (0.742, 0.775, 0.787), and validation set (0.721, 0.827, 0.799), respectively. The calibration curve and DCA also showed excellent clinical utility of the two nomograms.ConclusionTwo new nomograms were constructed and validated to predict the risk of developing BM in elderly KC patients and 12-, 24-, and 36-months OS in elderly KCBM patients. These models can help surgeons provide more comprehensive and personalized clinical management programs for this population.
Application of DCE-MRI radiomics signature analysis in differentiating molecular subtypes of luminal and non-luminal breast cancer
Authors: Huang Ting , Fan Bing , Qiu Yingying , Zhang Rui , Wang Xiaolian , Wang Chaoxiong , Lin Huashan , Yan Ting , Dong Wentao 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe goal of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics signature based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) preoperatively differentiating luminal and non-luminal molecular subtypes in patients with invasive breast cancer.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-five invasive breast cancer patients with luminal (n = 78) and non-luminal (n = 57) molecular subtypes were divided into training set (n = 95) and testing set (n = 40) in a 7:3 ratio. Demographics and MRI radiological features were used to construct clinical risk factors. Radiomics signature was constructed by extracting radiomics features from the second phase of DCE-MRI images and radiomics score (rad-score) was calculated. Finally, the prediction performance was evaluated in terms of calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that no clinical risk factors were independent predictors of luminal and non-luminal molecular subtypes in invasive breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, the radiomics signature showed good discrimination in the training set (AUC, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78–0.93) and the testing set (AUC, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65–0.95).ConclusionThe DCE-MRI radiomics signature is a promising tool to discrimination luminal and non-luminal molecular subtypes in invasive breast cancer patients preoperatively and noninvasively.
The clinical efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Huang Po-Yu , Wu Jheng-Yan , Liu Ting-Hui , Tsai Ya-Wen , Chen Po-Tsang , Liao Chia-Te , Toh Han Siong 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, with cytokine storm leading to exaggerating immune response, multi-organ dysfunction and death. Melatonin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and its effect on COVID-19 clinical outcomes is controversial. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of melatonin on COVID-19 patients.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched without any language or publication year limitations from inception to 15 Nov 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using melatonin as therapy in COVID-19 patients were included. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes included were the recovery rate of clinical symptoms, changes in the inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A random-effects model was applied for meta-analyses, and further subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.ResultsA total of nine RCTs with 718 subjects were included. Five studies using melatonin with the primary outcome were analyzed, and the pooled results showed no significant difference in mortality between melatonin and control groups with high heterogeneity across studies identified (risk ratio [RR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–1.11, p = 0.14, I2 = 82%). However, subgroup analyses revealed statistically significant effects in patients aged under 55 years (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.62–0.82, p &lt; 0.01) and in patients treated for more than 10 days (RR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.53, p = 0.01). The recovery rate of clinical symptoms and changes in CRP, ESR, and NLR were not statistically significant. No serious adverse effects were reported from melatonin use.ConclusionIn conclusion, based on low certainty of evidence, the study concluded that melatonin therapy does not significantly reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients, but there are possible benefits in patients under 55 years or treated for more than 10 days. With a very low certainty of evidence, we found no significant difference in the recovery rate of COVID-19 related symptoms or inflammatory markers in current studies. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to determine the possible efficacy of melatonin on COVID-19 patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022351424.
Associations between anxiety, depression with migraine, and migraine-related burdens
Authors: Duan Shaojie , Ren Zhiying , Xia Hui , Wang Ziyao , Zheng Tao , Li Guanglu , Liu Lei , Liu Zunjing 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAnxiety and depression are the most common psychiatric comorbidities in migraine, but their impact on the risk of developing migraine and their gender and age differences are unclear, and research on their associations with migraine-related burdens are limited.ObjectiveTo systematically explore the association between anxiety and depression with migraine and migraine-related burdens, including the risk of developing migraine, as well as migraine frequency, severity, disability, headache impact, quality of life and sleep quality.MethodsA total of 170 migraineurs and 85 sex-and age-matched healthy control subjects were recruited consecutively for this study. Anxiety and depression were assessed using Zung’s Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Logistic regression and linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations between anxiety and depression with migraine and its burdens. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of SAS score and SDS score on migraine and its severe burdens.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, anxiety and depression remained significantly associated with an increased risk of developing migraine, with odds ratios of 5.186 (95% CI:1.755–15.322) and 3.147 (95% CI:1.387–7.141), respectively. Meanwhile, there were significant additive interactions between the association of anxiety and depression with the risk of developing migraine in gender and age (P for interaction &lt;0.05), and the stronger correlations were found in participants with an age ≤ 36 years old and females. In addition, anxiety and depression were significantly independently associated with the migraine frequency, severity, disability, headache impact, quality of life, and sleep quality in migraine patients (P trend &lt;0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of SAS score in predicting developing migraine was significantly higher than that of SDS score [0.749 (95% CI: 0.691–0.801) vs. 0.633 (95% CI: 0.571–0.692), p &lt; 0.0001].ConclusionAnxiety and depression were significantly independently associated with the increased risk of migraine and migraine-related burdens. Enhanced assessment of SAS score and SDS score is of great clinical value for the early prevention and treatment of migraine and its burdens.
The effects of nutritional supplementation on older sarcopenic individuals who engage in resistance training: a meta-analysis
Authors: Song Zixian , Pan Tingting , Tong Xu , Yang Ying , Zhang Ze 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveSarcopenia is a typical age-related disorder characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Resistance training has a noticeable effect on sarcopenia, but there is no consensus on whether nutritional supplements can boost this effect. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant literature to investigate the therapeutic effect of resistance training combined with nutrition intervention on sarcopenia compared with resistance training alone.MethodsCochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Sinomed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data were searched for relevant studies on resistance training combined with nutritional intervention for aging adults with sarcopenia. The retrieval period ranged from the inception of the databases to May 24, 2022. Literature screening and information extraction were performed by two researchers. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was adopted for literature quality evaluation and Stata 15.0 software for analysis.ResultsTwelve clinical trials were included, involving 713 older adults diagnosed with sarcopenia, of whom 361 were assigned to the experimental group and 352 to the control group. Compared with the control group, grip strength of the experimental group was substantially elevated [WMD = 1.87, 95% CI (0.01, 3.74), P = 0.049]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that vitamin D and protein increased grip strength and gait speed. There were no significant improvement in grip strength and gait speed in the protein and vitamin D free subgroup.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrated that resistance training combined with additional nutritional supplementation, especially compound nutritional supplements that included protein and vitamin D, might further enhance grip strength rather than muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022346734.
Clinical efficacy analysis of paxlovid in children with hematological diseases infected with the omicron SARS-CoV-2 new variant
Authors: Li Yixian , Liu Yong , Wen Luping , Chen Hui , Wang Wenqing , Tian Mengyao , Cheng Yucai , Xue Hongman , Chen Chun 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical characteristics of children with hematological malignancies co-infected with novel coronavirus and explore the safety and effectiveness of Paxlovid treatment.MethodsFrom December 10, 2022, to January 20, 2023, the clinical data of children with hematological diseases diagnosed with novel coronavirus infection in the outpatient and emergency department of the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAccording to whether to give paxlovid or not, it is divided into group A (paxlovid group) and group B (non-paxlovid group). The length of fever was 1–6 days in group A and 0–3 days in group B. The viral clearance time was shorter in group A than in group B. The inflammatory indexes CRP and PCT were significantly higher in group A than in group B (P &lt; 0.05). Twenty patients were followed up for 1 month after leaving the hospital, and there were 5 cases of reappearance of fever, 1 case of increased sleep, 1 case of physical fatigue and 1 case of loss of appetite within 2 weeks.ConclusionsPaxlovid has no apparent adverse reactions in children 12 years old and younger with underlying hematological diseases infected with the new coronavirus. Focusing on the interaction between paxlovid and other drugs is necessary during the treatment.
Immunohistochemical, pharmacovigilance, and omics analyses reveal the involvement of ATP-sensitive K+ channel subunits in cancers: role in drug–disease interactions
Authors: Maqoud Fatima , Zizzo Nicola , Attimonelli Marcella , Tinelli Antonella , Passantino Giuseppe , Antonacci Marina , Ranieri Girolamo , Tricarico Domenico 
Published: April 2023

Background: ATP-sensitive-K+ channels (KATP) are involved in diseases, but their role in cancer is poorly described. Pituitary macroadenoma has been observed in Cantu’ syndrome (C.S.), which is associated with the gain-of-function mutations of the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes. We tested the role of the ABCC8/Sur1, ABCC9/Sur2A/B, KCNJ11/Kir6.2, and KCNJ8/Kir6.1 genes experimentally in a minoxidil-induced renal tumor in male rats and in the female canine breast cancer, a spontaneous animal model of disease, and in the pharmacovigilance and omics databases.Methods: We performed biopsies from renal tissues of male rats (N = 5) following a sub-chronic high dosing topical administration of minoxidil (0.777–77.7 mg/kg/day) and from breast tissues of female dogs for diagnosis (N = 23) that were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Pharmacovigilance and omics data were extracted from EudraVigilance and omics databases, respectively.Results: An elevated immunohistochemical reactivity to Sur2A-mAb was detected in the cytosol of the Ki67+/G3 cells other than in the surface membrane in the minoxidil-induced renal tumor and the breast tumor samples. KCNJ11, KCNJ8, and ABCC9 genes are upregulated in cancers but ABCC8 is downregulated. The Kir6.2-Sur2A/B-channel opener minoxidil showed 23 case reports of breast cancer and one case of ovarian cancer in line with omics data reporting, respectively, and the negative and positive prognostic roles of the ABCC9 gene in these cancers. Sulfonylureas and glinides blocking the pancreatic Kir6.2-Sur1 subunits showed a higher risk for pancreatic cancer in line with the positive prognostic role of the ABCC8 gene but low risks for common cancers. Glibenclamide, repaglinide, and glimepiride show a lower cancer risk within the KATP channel blockers. The Kir6.2-Sur1 opener diazoxide shows no cancer reactions.Conclusion: An elevated expression of the Sur2A subunit was found in proliferating cells in two animal models of cancer. Immunohistochemistry/omics/pharmacovigilance data reveal the role of the Kir6.1/2-Sur2A/B subunits as a drug target in breast/renal cancers and in C.S.
Immune-enhancing activity of polysaccharides and flavonoids derived from Phellinus igniarius YASH1
Authors: Zhu Xiaoya , Guo Ruirui , Su Xiayu , Shang Kun , Tan Conglian , Ma Junheng , Zhang Yuemeng , Lin Dan , Ma Yueran , Zhou Min , Yang Jiale , Wu Qiqi , Sun Jiale , Wang Zhuoling , Guo Yuyue , Su Ruifan , Cui Xiangyi , Han Jiming , Lü Yuhong , Yue Changwu 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:Phellinus igniarius (P. igniarius) (Sanghuang) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine fungus, and its natural products have great potential for clinical application in immune enhancement. This study aimed to explore the immune-enhancing activity and underlying mechanisms of the polysaccharides and flavonoids derived from Phellinus igniarius (P. igniarius) and to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the development of novel drugs.Methods: Wild P. igniarius YASH1 from the Loess Plateau in Yan’an region was collected, and polysaccharides and total flavonoids were extracted, isolated and identified from mycelium and sporophore. In vitro antioxidant activity was detected through the scavenging activity of hydroxyl radicals and total antioxidant capacity. Cell Counting Kit-8 and trypan blue detection kit were used to detect the effect of extract polysaccharides and flavonoids on the proliferation and phagocytosis ability of immune cells. To assess the effect of the drugs on cytokine secretion by immune cells and immune recovery in immunocompromised mice, the expression of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were examined at the cellular and animal levels. The species composition, abundance of gut microbiota and the altered content of short-chain fatty acids in the feces were analyzed to elucidate the possible mechanisms of drugs by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) amplifiers sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).Results: Both polysaccharides and flavonoids derived from mycelium or sporophore had antioxidant activity and may stimulate the expression and secretion of IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ in immune cells while inhibiting TNF-α expression and secretion and increasing IL-2, IL-6, and IFN- γ expression levels in mice. Furthermore, polysaccharides and flavonoids from mycelium and sporophore showed different effects on the metabolic response of intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mice, and the use of these drugs remarkably changed the species composition and abundance of intestinal flora in mice.Discussion: Polysaccharides and flavonoids from P. igniarius YASH1 mycelium and sporophore have in vitro antioxidant activity, and they affect the promotion of cell proliferation, stimulation of IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ secretion, and inhibition of TNF-α expression in immune cells. Polysaccharides and flavonoids from P. igniarius YASH1 may enhance immunity in immunocompromised mice and remarkably affect the intestinal flora and content of SCFAs.
Dose- and time-dependent renoprotection of Angelica sinensis in patients with chronic kidney disease: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Chen Hsiao-Tien , Yu Ben-Hui , Yeh Ming-Hsien , Hung Shih-Kai , Chen Yi-Chun 
Published: April 2023

Background:Based on their anti-oxidative and anti-fibrotic properties,Angelica sinensis(Oliv.) Diels roots [Apiaceae; Radix Angelicae sinensis] (Danggui [abbreviated as S in the context]),Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bunge [Fabaceae;Astragalus membranaceus] (Huangqi [A]),Rheum palmatumL. [Polygonaceae; Rheum palmatum] (Dahuang [R]), andSalvia miltiorrhizaBunge [Lamiaceae; Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge radix et rhizoma] (Danshen [D]) are potential renoprotective Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs). Renoprotection using ARD alone for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been documented in pre-clinical, clinical, and meta-analysis research; however, only pre-clinical data are available for the use of S alone. Moreover, with an increasing number of CKD patients taking prescribed CHMs, hyperkalemia risk remains unclear.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed national health insurance claims data in 2001–2017. Propensity score matching was used to analyze renal and survival outcomes and the dose-response effects of S without ARD use in 18,348 new S users, 9,174 new ARD users, and 36,696 non-users. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to investigate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the presence of competing mortality and death. The additive effect of the S herb in single form to compounds was also analyzed. Additionally, to analyze hyperkalemia risk, an exact match on each covariate was used to include 42,265 new CHM users and non-users, while Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) of hyperkalemia of prescribed CHMs.Results:S users and ARD users were associated with aHRs of 0.77 (95% confidence interval; 0.69–0.86) and 1.04 (0.91–1.19), respectively, for ESRD and 0.55 (0.53–0.57) and 0.71 (0.67–0.75), respectively, for death. The renal and survival benefits of S use were consistent in several sensitivity analyses. The dose- and time-dependent renoprotection and dose-dependent survival benefits were observed for S use. The top two additive renoprotective collocations of the S herb in compounds were Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu-Tang and Shen-Tong-Zhu-Yu-Tang, followed by Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang and Shen-Tong-Zhu-Yu-Tang. Moreover, CHM users were associated with aIRRs of 0.34 (0.31–0.37) for hyperkalemia.Conclusion:This study suggests dose- and time-dependent renoprotection and dose-dependent survival benefits of the S herb in compounds and no increased hyperkalemia risk of the prescribed CHMs in CKD patients.
A systematic review evaluating loneliness assessment instruments in older adults
Authors: Bugallo-Carrera César , Dosil-Díaz Carlos , Anido-Rifón Luis , Pacheco-Lorenzo Moisés , Fernández-Iglesias Manuel J. , Gandoy-Crego Manuel 
Published: April 2023

Introduction and objectivesThe experiences and changes that come along with old age may lead to a feeling of loneliness, usually followed by negative physical and mental manifestations. In this systematic review, we evaluated the existing tools to assess loneliness in older adults.MethodsWe performed a literature search in the Web of Science, Medline, and PsycINFO, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After, we examined the psychometric properties of the instruments with a focus on reliability, validity, and main conclusions.ResultsWe included 27 articles published between 1996 and 2021.ConclusionTo date, there are few instruments to assess loneliness in older adults. In general, they present adequate psychometric properties, although it is true that some scales show somewhat low levels of reliability and validity.