bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accounting for Medicaid expansion and regional policy and programs to advance equity in cancer prevention in the United States
Authors: Eom Kirsten Y. , Koroukian Siran M. , Dong Weichuan , Kim Uriel , Rose Johnie , Albert Jeffrey M. , Zanotti Kristine M. , Owusu Cynthia , Cooper Gregory , Tsui Jennifer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany studies compare state‐level outcomes to estimate changes attributable to Medicaid expansion. However, it is imperative to conduct more granular, demographic‐level analyses to inform current efforts on cancer prevention among low‐income adults. Therefore, the authors compared the volume of patients with cancer and disease stage at diagnosis in Ohio, which expanded its Medicaid coverage in 2014, with those in Georgia, a nonexpansion state, by cancer site and health insurance status.MethodsThe authors used state cancer registries from 2010 to 2017 to identify adults younger than 64 years who had incident female breast cancer, cervical cancer, or colorectal cancer. Multivariable Poisson regression was conducted by cancer type, health insurance, and state to examine the risk of late‐stage disease, adjusting for individual‐level and area‐level covariates. A difference‐in‐differences framework was then used to estimate the differences in risks of late‐stage diagnosis in Ohio versus Georgia.ResultsIn Ohio, the largest increase in all three cancer types was observed in the Medicaid group after Medicaid expansion. In addition, significantly reduced risks of late‐stage disease were observed among patients with breast cancer on Medicaid in Ohio by approximately 7% and among patients with colorectal cancer on Medicaid in Ohio and Georgia after expansion by approximately 6%. Notably, the authors observed significantly reduced risks of late‐stage diagnosis among all patients with colorectal cancer in Georgia after expansion.ConclusionsMore early stage cancers in the Medicaid‐insured and/or uninsured groups after expansion suggest that the reduced cancer burden in these vulnerable population subgroups may be attributed to Medicaid expansion. Heterogeneous risks of late‐stage disease by cancer type highlight the need for comprehensive evaluation frameworks, including local cancer prevention efforts and federal health policy reforms.Plain Language Summary

This study looked at how Medicaid expansion affected cancer diagnosis and treatment in two states, Ohio and Georgia.
The researchers found that, after Ohio expanded their Medicaid program, there were more patients with cancer among low‐income adults on Medicaid.
The study also found that, among people on Medicaid, there were lower rates of advanced cancer at the time of diagnosis for breast cancer and colon cancer in Ohio and for colon cancer in Georgia.
These findings suggest that Medicaid expansion may be effective in reducing the cancer burden among low‐income adults.
Porphyrinic Porous Aromatic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption and Separation
Authors: Yang Jierui , Qiu Huiting , Huang Long , Meng Shuang , Yang Yunhui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial process emissions is increasingly important for the mitigation and prevention of the disruptive effects of global warming. In this study, PAF (porous aromatic frameworks)‐TPB(1,3,5‐triphenylbenzene) and three‐dimensional PAF‐TPM (tetraphenylmethane) porphyrin‐based aromatic porous materials were synthesized through the Scholl reaction. The CO2 and N2 adsorption isotherms at 273 K and 298 K were studied to determine the performance in carbon dioxide capture at flue gas conditions. There is a significant difference in the adsorption capacity of the two materials for CO2 and N2, so they can be used for CO2/N2 adsorption separation. PAF‐TPM has better CO2/N2 separation at low pressure (150 mbar), while PAF‐TPB has the advantage of greater CO2/N2 separation at high pressure (1 bar). It can be applied to CO2 adsorption separation at low and high pressure, respectively. In particular, PAF‐TPB has a CO2/N2 separation efficiency of up to 100.9 at 1 bar and 273 K. This work provides ideas for the design and synthesis of organic porous materials for the adsorption separation of CO2 and N2.
Physicochemical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Stilbazolium Family Single Crystal with Third Order Nonlinear Optical Activity
Authors: Anand Sekar , Usha Rani Muthurakku 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel counter anion group was incorporated with the organic stilbazolium cation (C16H19N2+) to yield a new third‐harmonic‐generation‐active single crystal of 4‐[2‐(4‐dimethylamino‐phenyl)‐vinyl]‐1‐methyl‐pyridinium 2‐nitroaniline‐4‐sulfonate (DSNA). The slow evaporation solution growth technique is employed to obtain DSNA crystals, whose nonlinear responses are analysed through a continuous wave laser Z scan experiment. The thermally induced strong reverse saturation absorption and self‐defocusing behaviour of the DSNA crystal suggests that the material could be used as an optical limiting device. Optical characterization shows that the lower absorption edge falls in the visible region (530 nm), with a broad transparency range of 0.53 to 1 μm. Exploration of other optical constants, such as extinction coefficient (k=10−4), emission wavelength (602 nm – red light), optical (σopt=1010 Ωm−1) and electrical conductivity (σelc=1011 Ωm−1) also concludes that the DSNA crystal could be potentially employed in optoelectronic devices. The various bonds and their corresponding lengths and angles involved in the formation of DSNA ionic crystal are evaluated by means of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD). Linear and nonlinear optical property findings undoubtedly affirm that the titular DSNA crystal is an effective nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal.
An NPC‐type fault‐tolerant MLI with symmetrical and asymmetrical voltage modes
Authors: Kumar Balram , Peddapati Sankar , K V. S. Prasadrao 
Published: July 2023

SummaryCurrent studies have been challenging in reducing the number of devices and ensuring fault tolerance features of the multilevel inverters (MLIs). This article proposes a new fault‐tolerant neutral point clamped (NPC)‐type MLI using two three‐level NPC legs, which can work in symmetric and asymmetric modes to generate nine and 17‐level output voltage, respectively. The proposed converter has less device count and low total blocking voltage (TBV); further, the converter has different redundant switching states for tolerating different categories of faults. This article also implements a modified pulse width modulation (PWM) control strategy to ensure the zero‐dc offset at the output when asymmetrical voltage levels appear with the occurrence of switch faults. A detailed operation of the proposed converter under symmetric and asymmetric modes is presented for healthy and different categories of faults. The converter's feasibility is verified by its current and voltage characteristics obtained from the MATLAB‐SIMULINK software and the experimental prototype. Further, the efficiency of the converter is verified with the PLECS software. Finally, a comparison with recently proposed topologies is performed to emphasize converter performance.
Collaborative data gathering and recharging using multiple mobile vehicles in wireless rechargeable sensor network
Authors: Das Rupayan , Dash Dinesh 
Published: July 2023

SummaryMany cutting‐edge studies on collaborative data gathering and charging (CDAC) assume that the mobile vehicle (MV) has enough energy to charge the sensors as well as collect data from them. The current studies also took into account that the sensors always receive full charge from the MV, resulting in a wireless rechargeable sensor network (WRSN) with very little dead period and very little data gathering latency. It is also believed that the energy consumption rates of the sensors are constant. However, in large‐scale WRSN, the aforementioned considerations are not always practical. In addition, the utilization of single base station (BS) in a large‐scale WRSN cannot guarantee improved network scalability, expedite charging decisions by minimizing the substantial overhead of the BS, and enhance the traveling distance for MV. In order to overcome the aforementioned problems, we present an effective on‐demand partial CDAC scheme using battery‐limited multiple MVs. The proposed scheme implements the CDAC process in such a way that the total dead periods of the sensors and the energy consumption of MVs are reduced. We use a multi‐objective‐based genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the entire CDAC process. The simulation is carried out to demonstrate the usefulness and competitiveness of the proposed scheme. In comparison with existing works, the proposed work improves CDAC performance by reducing sensor dead time and energy consumption of MV.
Short‐term hindlimb unloading negatively affects dopaminergic transmission in the nigrostriatal system of mice
Authors: Naumova Alexandra A. , Oleynik Ekaterina A. , Khramtsova Anna V. , Nikolaeva Svetlana D. , Chernigovskaya Elena V. , Glazova Margarita V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe nigrostriatal system composed of the dorsal striatum and the substantia nigra (SN) is highly involved in the control of motor behavior. Various extremal and pathological conditions as well as social isolation (SI) may cause an impairment of locomotor function; however, corresponding alterations in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway are far from full understanding. Here, we analyzed the effect of 3‐day hindlimb unloading (HU) and SI on the key players of dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal system of CD1 mice. Three groups of mice were analyzed: group‐housed (GH), SI, and HU animals. Our data showed a significant decrease in the expression and phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the SN and dorsal striatum of HU mice that suggested attenuation of dopamine synthesis in response to HU. In the dorsal striatum of HU mice, the downregulation of TH expression was also observed indicating the effect of unloading; however, TH phosphorylation at Ser40 was mainly affected by SI pointing on an impact of isolation too. Expression of dopamine receptors D1 in the dorsal striatum of HU mice was increased suggesting a compensatory response, but the activity of downstream signaling pathways involving protein kinase A and cAMP response element‐binding protein was inhibited. At the same time, SI alone did not affect expression of DA receptors and activity of downstream signaling in the dorsal striatum. Obtained data let us to conclude that HU was the main factor which impaired dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal system but SI made some contribution to its negative effects.
In vitro μ‐opioid receptor activation potential of U10 and β‐U10, positional isomers of the synthetic opioid naphthyl U‐47700
Authors: Vandeputte Marthe M. , Stove Christophe P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNew synthetic opioids (NSOs) with diverse chemical structures continue to appear on recreational drug markets worldwide. U‐type opioids have become one of the largest groups of non‐fentanyl‐related NSOs. Starting in 2020, a previously unreported U‐compound coined “β‐U10” (2‐naphthyl U‐47700; N‐[2‐(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]‐N‐methylnaphthalene‐2‐carboxamide) was identified in Australia and the United States. β‐U10 is a positional isomer of α‐U10 (1‐naphthyl U‐47700), more commonly known as “U10.” Here, the first comparative in vitro pharmacological characterization of naphthyl U‐47700 (U10 and β‐U10), together with the structural analogue U‐47700 and fentanyl, is reported. Application of a cell‐based μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) activation (β‐arrestin 2 recruitment) assay demonstrated β‐U10 (EC50 = 348 nM; Emax = 150% vs. hydromorphone) to be less potent than U‐47700 (EC50 = 116 nM; Emax = 154%) and fentanyl (EC50 = 9.35 nM; Emax = 146%) but considerably more active than the α‐isomer (EC50 value in the μM range). For the latter, maximum receptor activation could not be reached at 100 μM. The difference in MOR activation potential for U10 and β‐U10 stresses the importance of (analytical) differentiation between closely related analytes. The emergence of β‐U10 on the recreational drug market is an example of the continuing emergence of non‐fentanyl‐related NSOs and further emphasizes the need to closely monitor fluctuations in the drug supply.
Genetic structure of Ponto‐Caspian trout populations shows gene flow among river drainages and supports resident Salmo rizeensis as a genetically distinct taxon
Authors: Ninua Levan , Tarkhnishvili David , Anderson Cort Lewis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo assess the genetic structure of Ponto‐Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta complex) populations, we analyzed both mitochondrial DNA sequences and genotypes at 10 microsatellite loci of fish caught in the Black Sea and from nine river catchments in Georgia, flowing into either the Black or Caspian seas. The results show that: (1) there is substantial genetic differentiation among Ponto‐Caspian trout populations, both among the populations of different nominal species and within those of the same species; (2) the genetic distance between conspecific populations from the Black and Caspian Sea basins exceeds that among the populations within the same basin. Moreover, within drainages, genetic distance correlates with the geographic distance; (3) the Black Sea itself is not a barrier to gene flow among the watersheds draining into the Black Sea; (4) some populations in the headwaters of the rivers draining into the Black Sea Basin fall out of this pattern and likely form a separate, non‐anadromous (resident) taxon, previously described from northeastern Turkey as Salmo rizeensis. This hypothesis is supported by mitochondrial DNA phylogeny. The presence of both anadromous and resident populations in a single river basin calls for a substantial re‐thinking of speciation patterns and taxonomy of Eurasian brown trout.
Pore structure and fluid mobility of tight carbonate reservoirs in the Western Qaidam Basin, China
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , Zheng Yongxian , Wang Guo , Wang Yanzhi , Luo Xiangrong , Pan Qianhong , Wang Zhiguo , Ping Wanzhuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTight carbonate reservoirs in the Western Qaidam Basin have complex lithologies and pore structures. The oil–water mobility law in reservoirs has not yet been completely determined, restricting the formulation of rational reservoir development methods. To bridge this gap, in this study, we used several test methods, such as casting thin sections, mercury intrusion, and nuclear magnetic resonance, to obtain the pore structure and oil–water displacement characteristics of tight carbonate reservoirs in the Western Qaidam Basin. The pore structures of the reservoirs could be categorized into three types: microfractures + dissolved pores + micropores (MFD), microfractures + micropores (MF), and matrix (M). The characteristics of single‐phase oil seepage and water flooding in reservoirs with various pore structures differed evidently. For the MF‐ and M‐types, the water‐locking effect caused by the strong capillary force affected oil charging in the micropores. The effect of the pressure drop on the MFD‐type algal limestone was less than that on the MF‐type limestone (dolomite) because of the occurrence of a non‐Darcy flow. The MFD‐type, which contained microfractures, had preferential seepage channels, resulting in obvious fluid channeling and low water displacement efficiency. Oil−water displacement mainly occurred in the dissolved pores and microfractures, suggesting that starting oil accumulation in the micropores was crucial. This study will assist in efficient development of tight carbonate reservoirs in the Western Qaidam Basin.
Krill oil inhibited adipogenic differentiation by inducing the nuclear Nrf2 expression and the AMPK activity
Authors: Lee Hyun Jeong , Seo Ji Won , Chun Yoon Seok , Kim Jongkyu , Lim Tae‐Gyu , Shim Soon‐Mi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current study investigated the antiadipogenic mechanism of krill oil from the 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. The krill oil adhered to the criteria as a food standard by showing 50.8% of the total phospholipid, 5.27% myristic acid, and 1.63% linoleic acid. The lipid accumulation that was measured in the 3T3‐L1 cells using oil red O staining was reduced up to 54% by the krill oil. The krill oil treatment reduced the adipogenic transcription factors by downregulating the sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC), phospho‐ACC, and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. The current study confirmed that the krill oil inhibited adipogenesis by downregulating SREBP1 and ACC via the upregulation of the AMPK and nuclear factors E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in the 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. These findings suggest that krill oil is a good source of phospholipid and phosphatidylcholine, which could be a potential natural antiobesity ingredient by inhibiting adipogenesis.
The causal relationship of depression, anxiety, and neuroticism with main indicators of sarcopenia: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Song Yang , Miao Yuhua , Liu Yixing , Han Dongran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies have shown the relationship between sarcopenia and psychiatric disorders. However, due to the limitations of traditional research methods, the causal relationship between them has not been accurately concluded. At the same time, considering that sarcopenia is mainly manifested by low muscle strength and low muscle mass, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in this study to explore the causal relationship of anxiety, depression, and neuroticism with muscle strength and muscle mass, respectively.MethodsGenetic variants associated with depression were obtained from FinnGen Biobank (Ncase = 33,812, Ncontrol = 271,380), those associated with anxiety were from FinnGen Biobank (Ncase = 21,519, Ncontrol = 307,558), and those associated with neuroticism, including 12 items, were from a large‐scale genome‐wide association study (N range: 366,301–375,913). Muscle strength was represented by the hand grip strength (HGS), and muscle mass was represented by the appendicular lean mass (ALM) and the body fat percentage. The inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, and the Mendelian Randomization Egger (MR‐Egger) and the weighted median were used as supplementary methods to test whether the three psychological factors were causally related to these two main indicators of sarcopenia severity.ResultsDepression and neuroticism had different degrees of causal influence on muscle mass and strength, which was statistically significant. Specifically, the depression predicted by genes was significantly associated with ALM (beta = −0.043, p = 0.027), low hand grip strength (LHGS, measured for people of 60 years and older) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.129 (1.019–1.251), p = 0.019), right HGS (beta = −0.050, p = 0.001), left HGS (beta = −0.06, p = 0.001), and body fat percentage (beta = 0.035, p = 0.0138). The neuroticism predicted by genes was significantly associated with ALM (beta = −0.073, p = 0.034), LHGS (OR = 1.222 (1.085–1.377), p = 0.001), right HGS (beta = −0.058, p = 0.000), left HGS (beta = −0.080, p < 0.000), and body fat percentage (beta = 0.063, p = 0.008). However, anxiety was only significantly associated with LHGS (OR = 1.215 (1.008–1.465), p = 0.041) but not significantly associated with ALM (beta = 0.033, p = 0.313), right HGS (beta = −0.008, p = 0.678), left HGS (beta = 0.007, p = 0.712), or body fat percentage (beta = 0.022, p = 0.559).ConclusionThis study supported the causal association of depression and neuroticism with muscle strength and mass, which are the two main indicators of sarcopenia. At the same time, there was no sufficient evidence for the causal relationship between anxiety and muscle strength or mass. The results of this study pointed to the need to intervene in the mental health of the elderly to prevent sarcopenia or reduce its severity.
Structural Determinants of the Binding and Activation of Estrogen Receptor α by Phenolic Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines
Authors: Reddy Sammeta Vamshikrishna , Anderson Brian M. , Norris John D. , Torrice Chad D. , Joiner Carstyn , Liu Shubin , Li Haoxi , Popov Konstantin I. , Fanning Sean W. , McDonnell Donald P. , Willson Timothy M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSynthetic, structural, and computational approaches were used to solve the puzzle as to how a phenolic nonsteroidal estrogen 1 with only a single H‐bond to its receptor was more potent than an isomer 2 which formed an intricate network of H‐bonds. Synthesis of a series of substituted phenols revealed that pKa was not a determinant of estrogenic activity. First‐principles calculation also failed to explain the difference in activity of 1 and 2. Molecular dynamics revealed that 1 formed a more stable receptor complex compared to 2, which may explain its increased activity despite forming fewer apparent H‐bonds with the protein.
Evaluating the frequency of neurological symptoms in COVID‐19 patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Rasouli Shima , Emami Payam , Azadmehr Farhad , Karimyan Farzaneh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsDue to the recent emergence of COVID‐19, the exact pathology of this disease has not been determined. Therefore, this study evaluated the frequency of neurological symptoms in patients with COVID‐19.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted on 2200 in patients with COVID‐19 who were selected from an educational hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, from April 2020 to March 2021. The research samples were selected by census, all patients with COVID‐19 were admitted to the hospital. The data collection tool was a checklist of the studied variables (dizziness, headache, and impaired consciousness) prepared by the researchers based on the specialists' opinions. The researcher completed these checklists based on the patients' hospitalization records. The data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistical tests using SPSS Software Version 20. The quantitative variables were compared using the independent t‐test. The χ2 test was also used to compare qualitative variables. A p Value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 57.41 years old, of whom 53.1% were male. The average blood oxygen level of the patients was 88.10%, and most disease symptoms were related to shortness of breath and cough, with a frequency of 24.3%. In addition, 20.8% of patients needed hospitalization in intensive care unit. The highest frequency of central and peripheral nervous system manifestations was related to headache, ageusia (loss of sense of taste), hyposmia (A decreased sense of smell and anosmia (The complete loss of smell). Finally, 15.3% of patients died, and 84.7% recovered. The analytical findings showed a significant relationship between the disease outcome and patients' dizziness, consciousness disorder, seizure and ageusia. There was a significant relationship between gender and headache in patients. There was a significant difference between the mean age and oxygen level with central and peripheral nervous system manifestations (dizziness, headache, impaired consciousness, smell disorder) and the disease outcome in patients.ConclusionThe pathophysiology of COVID‐19 virus infection involving the central nervous system is not fully understood. Neurological symptoms of this virus include delirium, headache, decreased level of consciousness, and seizures. Identifying the symptoms and mechanisms of neurological complications of COVID‐19 is necessary for proper screening and complete treatment because a patient infected by COVID‐19 may not show respiratory failure signs but may be a carrier. A complete and accurate knowledge of the symptoms and complications of this infection for proper screening of patients to prevent transmission and spread of this disease is critically needed.