bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracranial arteriovenous shunts in infants: A decade of experience from a quaternary pediatric center
Authors: Requejo Flavio , Teplisky Dario , González Dutra María Laura , Lipsch José , Nguyen Thanh N , Abdalkader Mohamad 
Published: June 2023

Background and purpose Intracranial arteriovenous shunts (IAVS) are rare vascular diseases in infants. They can be categorized into vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM), pial arteriovenous fistula (PAVF), and dural arteriovenous fistula associated with dural sinus malformation (DAVF/DSM). We sought to review the clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, endovascular treatment (EVT), and outcomes of IAVS in infants presenting to a quaternary pediatric referral center over one decade. Methods A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed of all infants diagnosed with IAVS between January 2011 and January 2021 in a quaternary pediatric referral center. For each patient, demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging findings, management strategies, and outcomes were reviewed and discussed. Results Over the study period, 38 consecutive infants were diagnosed with IAVS. Patients with VGAM (23/38, 60.5%) presented with congenital heart failure (CHF) (14/23), hydrocephalus (4/23), and seizures (2/23), and three patients were asymptomatic. Eighteen patients with VGAM underwent EVT. Among those, 13 patients (72.2%) were successfully treated with an angiographic cure and three patients (3/18, 17%) died. Patients with PAVF (9/38, 23.7%) presented with CHF (5/9), intracranial hemorrhage (2/9), and seizures (2/9), and all of them were successfully treated endovascularly. Patients with Type I DAVF/DSM (4/6, 66.6%) presented with mass effect (2/4), cerebral venous hypertension (1/4), CHF (1/4), and cerebrofacial venous metameric syndrome (1/4). Patients with type II DAVF/DSM (2/6, 33.3%) presented with a thrill behind the ear. Patients with DAVF/DSM were treated endovascularly, five patients were cured, and one with type I DAVF/DSM died. Conclusion Intracranial arteriovenous shunts are rare but potentially life-threatening neurovascular pathologies in infants. Endovascular treatment is challenging but feasible in carefully selected patients.
Functional and aesthetic recovery of the second toe defect using a wrap-around pedicled flap from the great toe
Authors: Wang Jin , Xue Mingyu , Lu Hao , Tao Xianyao , Qiang Li , Zhou Xiao 
Published: June 2023

We report the results of using a fibula-sided digital artery pedicled flap from the great toe to cover the second toe free flap donor site, which avoids delayed wound healing, and prevents pain and skin ulceration. This study included 15 patients who had second toe wrap-around free flaps to reconstruct thumb and finger defects. All 15 pedicled flaps used to cover the defect healed uneventfully. All patients were able to stand and walk and were satisfied with the postoperative aesthetic outcome at the 6-month follow-up. We conclude that this an effective procedure for preventing donor site defects after second toe wrap-around free flap transfer. Level of evidence: IV
Comparing American Indian/Alaska Native Adolescent Daughters’ and Their Mothers’ Awareness, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Risk for Gestational Diabetes: Implications for Mother-Daughter Communication on Reproductive Health
Authors: Charron-Prochownik Denise , Moore Kelly R. , Stotz Sarah , Akers Aletha , Beirne Sandra , Brega Angela G. , Chalmers Laura , Fischl Andrea , Garrow Heather , Gonzales Kelly , Nadeau Kristen J. , O’Banion Nancy , Powell Jeff , Seely Ellen , Powell Blair , Abujaradeh Hiba , Sereika Susan M. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe, compare, and examine associations at baseline of reproductive health awareness, knowledge, health beliefs, communication and behaviors related to gestational diabetes (GDM) and GDM risk reduction in a vulnerable population of both American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) adolescent girls and their mothers. Methods: Descriptive/comparative/correlational analyses examined multitribal baseline data on 149 mother-daughter (M-D) dyads (N = 298; daughter age = 12-24 years) enrolled in a longitudinal study to adapt and evaluate a culturally relevant diabetes preconception counseling (PC) program (Stopping-GDM). The associations between GDM risk reduction awareness, knowledge, health beliefs, and behaviors (eg, daughters’ eating, physical activity, reproductive-health [RH] choices/planning, M-D communication, daughters’ discussions on PC) were examined. Data collected online from 5 national sites. Results: Many M-D lacked awareness/knowledge of GDM and risk reduction. Both M-D were unaware of the girl’s risk for GDM. Mothers’ knowledge and beliefs on GDM prevention/RH were significantly higher than daughters. Younger daughters had greater self-efficacy healthy living. Overall sample reported low to moderate scores for both M-D communication and daughters’ GDM and RH risk-reduction behaviors. Conclusions: Knowledge, communication, and behaviors to prevent GDM were low in AIAN M-D, especially daughters. More than daughters, mothers perceive greater risk of GDM for daughters. Early culturally responsive dyadic PC programs could help decrease risk of developing GDM. Implications for M-D communication is compelling.
Biochemical and phenological characterization of diverse wheats and their association with drought tolerance genes
Authors: Ali Iftikhar , Anwar Saeed , Ali Ahmad , Ullah Zahid , Binjawhar Dalal Nasser , Sher Hassan , Abdel-Hameed Usama K. , Khan Muhammad Aamir , Majeed Khawar , Jaremko Mariusz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDrought is one of the most important wheat production limiting factor, and can lead to severe yield losses. This study was designed to examine the effect of drought stress on wheat physiology and morphology under three different field capacities (FC) viz. 80% (control), 50% (moderate) and 30% (severe drought stress) in a diverse collection of wheat germplasm including cultivars, landraces, synthetic hexaploid and their derivatives. Traits like grain weight, thousand grain weight and biomass were reduced by 38.23%, 18.91% and 26.47% respectively at 30% FC, whereas the reduction rate for these traits at 50% FC were 19.57%, 8.88% and 18.68%. In principal component analysis (PCA), the first two components PC1 and PC2 accounted for 58.63% of the total variation and separated the cultivars and landraces from synthetic-based germplasm. Landraces showed wide range of phenotypic variations at 30% FC compared to synthetic-based germplasm and improved cultivars. However, least reduction in grain weight was observed in improved cultivars which indicated the progress in developing drought resilient cultivars. Allelic variations of the drought-related genes including TaSnRK2.9-5A, TaLTPs-11, TaLTPs-12, TaSAP-7B-, TaPPH-13, Dreb-B1 and 1fehw3 were significantly associated with the phenological traits under drought stress in all 91 wheats including 40 landraces, 9 varieties, 34 synthetic hexaploids and 8 synthetic derivatives. The favorable haplotypes of 1fehw3, Dreb-B1, TaLTPs-11 and TaLTPs-12 increased grain weight, and biomass. Our results iterated the fact that landraces could be promising source to deploy drought adaptability in wheat breeding. The study further identified drought tolerant wheat genetic resources across various backgrounds and identified favourable haplotypes of water-saving genes which should be considered to develop drought tolerant varieties.
The effect of Trolox on the rabbit anal sphincterotomy repair
Authors: Sarveazad Arash , Yari Abazar , Imani Farnad , Fayyaz Farimah , Mokhtare Marjan , Babaei-Ghazani Arash , Yousefifard Mahmoud , Sarveazad Shahriar , Assar Siavash , Shamseddin Jebreil , Bahardoust Mansour 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Fecal incontinence (FI) is caused by external anal sphincter injury. Vitamin E is a potential strategy for anal sphincter muscle repair via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and protective properties against myocyte loss. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the water-soluble form of vitamin E efficacy in repairing anal sphincter muscle defects in rabbits.

Methods
Twenty-one male rabbits were equally assigned to the intact (without any intervention), control (sphincterotomy), and Trolox (sphincterotomy + Trolox administration) groups. Ninety days after sphincterotomy, the resting and squeeze pressures were evaluated by manometry, and the number of motor units in the sphincterotomy site was calculated by electromyography. Also, the amount of muscle and collagen in the injury site was investigated by Mallory’s trichrome staining.

Results
Ninety days after the intervention, the resting and squeeze pressures in the intact and Trolox groups were significantly higher than in the control group (P = 0.001). Moreover, the total collagen percentage of the sphincterotomy site was significantly lower in the Trolox group than in the control group (P = 0.002), and the total muscle percentage was significantly higher in the Trolox group compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Also, the motor unit number was higher in the Trolox group than in the control group (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Trolox administration in the rabbit sphincterotomy model can decrease the amount of collagen and increase muscle, leading to improved anal sphincter electromyography and manometry results. Therefore, Trolox is a potential treatment strategy for FI.
Audiological benefit, quality of life, and factors associated with functional gain in elderly hearing aid users in a developing country between 2017 and 2020: a pre-post-study
Authors: Peñaranda Daniel , Pérez-Herrera Lucia C. , Moreno-López Sergio , Noguera Lucia , Hernández Diana , Martínez Daniel , Peñaranda Augusto 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common auditory deficit in older adults and may lead to quality-of-life deterioration. However, few studies have been performed in low/middle-income countries, particularly in Latin America. This study aimed to assess the audiological benefit, quality of life, and factors associated with functional gain in elderly hearing aid users in the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and UNIMEQ-ORL, two otology referral centers in Colombia.

Design
Pre-post study that included hearing aid users at the otology consult of the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and UNIMEQ-ORL between June 2017 and December 2020. Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) and Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) questionnaires were applied. Audiometric (0,5 kHz to 4 kHz) and speech audiometry results were collected.

Results
A total of 75 participants (132 ears) were included. The mean age was 70.73 years (SD: 12.66). The median hearing aid use in years was 0.71 (IQR: 0.64–0.90). Mean change in speech audiometry was − 26.53dB (95%CI: -28.09, -24.97; p < 0.001), in functional gain was − 21.75dB (-23.81, -19.68; p < 0.001). The mean changes in the APHAB domains were Ease of Communication: -37.85 (95%CI: -43.01; -32.7), Background Noise: -3.51 (-6.06; -0.95), and Aversiveness of Sounds: -6.9 (-2.04; 11.77). The GBI assessment of quality of life showed improvement in 100% of the population after the use of hearing aids. The number of years of hearing aids use was associated with functional gain.

Conclusion
The number of years of hearing aids use may impact on the functional gain in these populations. A significant clinical benefit was found in terms of quality of life, communication, and reverberation related to the use of hearing aids. Access to hearing aids should be granted, and public health strategies are needed to grant the access to hearing rehabilitation in these populations.

Trial registration
Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá (Protocol Number: CCEI-12666-2020).
Awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxic respiratory failure: a systematic review based on eight high-quality randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cao Wen , He Nannan , Luo Yannian , Zhang Zhiming 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Awake prone positioning has been widely used in non-intubated patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) due to COVID-19, but the evidence is mostly from observational studies and low-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with conflicting results from published studies. A systematic review of published high-quality RCTs to resolve the controversy over the efficacy and safety of awake prone positioning in non-intubated patients with AHRF due to COVID-19.

Methods
Candidate studies were identified through searches of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus databases from December 1, 2019 to November 1, 2022. Literature screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently conducted by two researchers.

Results
Eight RCTs involving 2657 patients were included. Meta-analysis of fixed effects models showed that awake prone positioning did not increase mortality(OR = 0.88, 95%CI [0.72, 1.08]), length of stay in ICU (WMD = 1.14, 95%CI [-0.45, 2.72]), total length of stay (WMD = 0.11, 95%CI [-1.02, 1.23]), or incidence of adverse events (OR = 1.02, 95%CI [0.79, 1.31]) compared with usual care, but significantly reduced the intubation rate (OR = 0.72, 95%CI [0.60, 0.86]). Similar results were found in a subgroup analysis of patients who received only high flow nasal cannula (Mortality: OR = 0.86, 95%CI [0.70, 1.05]; Intubation rate: OR = 0.69, 95%CI [0.58, 0.83]). All eight RCTs had high quality of evidence, which ensured the reliability of the meta-analysis results.

Conclusions
Awake prone positioning is safe and feasible in non-intubated patients with AHRF caused by COVID-19, and can significantly reduce the intubation rate. More studies are needed to explore standardized implementation strategies for the awake prone positioning.

Trial registration
CRD42023394113.
The SOS-SAH questionnaire in clinical practice: a multi-method evaluation study
Authors: Nobels-Janssen E. , Abma I. L. , de Ridder I. R. , Haeren R. H. L. , Hertog M. H. , Nanda D. , van der Pol B. , Verhagen W. I. M. , Bartels R. H. M. A. , van der Wees P. J. , Boogaarts H. D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In patients with mild disabilities after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), invisible symptoms might be easily overlooked during consultations in the outpatient clinic. We hypothesize that the Questionnaire for the Screening of Symptoms in aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SOS-SAH), a disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure, might aid in screening for symptoms after aSAH. The objective of this explorative study is to evaluate the perceived impact of using the SOS-SAH in daily clinical practice for patients after aSAH, as well as to explore potential barriers to further implementation.

Methods
This multi-method study consists of a quantitative and a qualitative component. To evaluate differences in quality of care, a patient experience survey was sent to patients receiving usual care and to patients who received the SOS-SAH. A multiple linear regression model was applied, with the intervention group and case mix adjusters as independent variables. We described differences in the number of symptoms discussed between patients receiving usual care and those receiving care post-implementation. Following implementation, 16 patients and 6 healthcare professionals were interviewed about their perceptions concerning the impact of and barriers to using the SOS-SAH. A thematic analysis was performed to identify the main themes.

Results
The survey did not reveal any differences between the usual-care group and the post-implementation group on the scales of the patient experience survey. After implementation of the SOS-SAH, the number of symptoms discussed during consultation did not increase. The interviews suggest that the SOS-SAH may improve the preparation of patients by providing them with greater insight into their complaints and by raising issues for the consultation. It could also enhance the structure and efficiency of consultation, in addition to improving communication about issues that matter to patients. All patients and healthcare professionals recommended continuing the use of the SOS-SAH in daily practice.

Conclusions
Although no quantitative improvements were found in patient experience and symptoms discussed during consultation, implementation of the SOS-SAH could aid in screening for symptoms in patients after aSAH, and it might have a positive influence on patient preparation, while helping to structure consultations between patients and healthcare professionals.
The epidemiology of haematological cancers in Sarawak, Malaysia (1996 to 2015)
Authors: Kuan Jew Win , Su Anselm Ting , Wahab Mastulu , Hamdan Abdullah , Hashim Jamilah , Kiyu Andrew , Ooi Choo Huck 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Published epidemiological studies of haematological cancers are few. Hereby we present a 20-year epidemiological data of haematological cancers in Sarawak from a population-based cancer registry.

Methods
Haematological cancer cases with ICD-10 coded C81-C96 and ICD-O coded /3 diagnosed from 1996 to 2015 were retrieved from Sarawak Cancer Registry. Adult was defined as those 15 years and above. Incidence rate (IR) was calculated based on yearly Sarawak citizen population stratified to age, gender, and ethnic groups. Age-standardised IR (ASR) was calculated using Segi World Standard Population.

Results
A total of 3,947 cases were retrieved and analysed. ASR was 10 and male predominance (IR ratio 1.32, 95%CI 1.24,1.41). Haematological cancers generally had a U-shaped distribution with lowest IR at age 10–14 years and exponential increment from age 40 years onwards, except acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with highest IR in paediatric 2.8 versus adult 0.5. There was a significant difference in ethnic and specific categories of haematological cancers, of which, in general, Bidayuh (IR ratio 1.13, 95%CI 1.00, 1.27) and Melanau (IR ratio 0.54, 95%CI 0.45, 0.65) had the highest and lowest ethnic-specific IR, respectively, in comparison to Malay. The ASR (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute myeloid leukaemia, ALL, chronic myeloid leukaemia, and plasma cell neoplasm) showed a decreasing trend over the 20 years, -2.09 in general, while Hodgkin lymphoma showed an increasing trend of + 2.80. There was crude rate difference between the 11 administrative divisions of Sarawak.

Conclusions
This study provided the IR and ASR of haematological cancers in Sarawak for comparison to other regions of the world. Ethnic diversity in Sarawak resulted in significant differences in IR and ASR.
A body shape index (ABSI) is associated inversely with post-menopausal progesterone-receptor-negative breast cancer risk in a large European cohort
Authors: Christakoudi Sofia , Tsilidis Konstantinos K. , Dossus Laure , Rinaldi Sabina , Weiderpass Elisabete , Antoniussen Christian S. , Dahm Christina C. , Tjønneland Anne , Mellemkjær Lene , Katzke Verena , Kaaks Rudolf , Schulze Matthias B. , Masala Giovanna , Grioni Sara , Panico Salvatore , Tumino Rosario , Sacerdote Carlotta , May Anne M. , Monninkhof Evelyn M. , Quirós J. Ramón , Bonet Catalina , Sánchez Maria-Jose , Amiano Pilar , Chirlaque María-Dolores , Guevara Marcela , Rosendahl Ann H. , Stocks Tanja , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Tin Tin Sandar , Heath Alicia K. , Aglago Elom K. , Peruchet-Noray Laia , Freisling Heinz , Riboli Elio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Associations of body shape with breast cancer risk, independent of body size, are unclear because waist and hip circumferences are correlated strongly positively with body mass index (BMI).

Methods
We evaluated body shape with the allometric “a body shape index” (ABSI) and hip index (HI), which compare waist and hip circumferences, correspondingly, among individuals with the same weight and height. We examined associations of ABSI, HI, and BMI (per one standard deviation increment) with breast cancer overall, and according to menopausal status at baseline, age at diagnosis, and oestrogen and progesterone receptor status (ER+/-PR+/-) in multivariable Cox proportional hazards models using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Results
During a mean follow-up of 14.0 years, 9011 incident breast cancers were diagnosed among 218,276 women. Although there was little evidence for association of ABSI with breast cancer overall (hazard ratio HR = 0.984; 95% confidence interval: 0.961–1.007), we found borderline inverse associations for post-menopausal women (HR = 0.971; 0.942-1.000; n = 5268 cases) and breast cancers diagnosed at age ≥ 55 years (HR = 0.976; 0.951–1.002; n = 7043) and clear inverse associations for ER + PR- subtypes (HR = 0.894; 0.822–0.971; n = 726) and ER-PR- subtypes (HR = 0.906; 0.835–0.983 n = 759). There were no material associations with HI. BMI was associated strongly positively with breast cancer overall (HR = 1.074; 1.049–1.098), for post-menopausal women (HR = 1.117; 1.085–1.150), for cancers diagnosed at age ≥ 55 years (HR = 1.104; 1.076–1.132), and for ER + PR + subtypes (HR = 1.122; 1.080–1.165; n = 3101), but not for PR- subtypes.

Conclusions
In the EPIC cohort, abdominal obesity evaluated with ABSI was not associated with breast cancer risk overall but was associated inversely with the risk of post-menopausal PR- breast cancer. Our findings require validation in other cohorts and with a larger number of PR- breast cancer cases.
Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Yoshida Taketoshi , Matsumura Kenta , Hatakeyama Takehiro , Inadera Hidekuni ,   The Japan Environment, Children’s Study Group, Kamijima Michihiro , Yamazaki Shin , Ohya Yukihiro , Kishi Reiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Hashimoto Koichi , Mori Chisato , Ito Shuichi , Yamagata Zentaro , Inadera Hidekuni , Nakayama Takeo , Sobue Tomotaka , Shima Masayuki , Nakamura Hiroshige , Suganuma Narufumi , Kusuhara Koichi , Katoh Takahiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The long-term effects of a Cesarean section (CS) birth on child neurodevelopment are of increasing interest. In this study, we examined the associations between mode of delivery and presence of neurodevelopmental disorders in toddlers. Moreover, given that the prevalence of several neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known to differ by sex, we also investigated these associations separately in male and female toddlers.

Methods
We investigated 65,701 mother–toddler pairs from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationally representative children’s cohort study. To investigate the associations between mode of delivery (CS or vaginal delivery) and neurodevelopmental disorders (motor delay, intellectual disability, and ASD) in 3-year-old toddlers as a whole and stratified by sex, we used logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
The morbidity of ASD at age 3 years was higher for children delivered by CS than those delivered vaginally (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04–1.83). However, no such difference was evident in the case of motor delay or intellectual disability (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 0.94–1.89; aOR 1.18, 95% CI 0.94–1.49, respectively). In the analysis by sex, CS was not associated with increased risk of any of the neurodevelopmental disorders in males, but it was associated with increased risks of motor delay (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.02–3.47) and ASD (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.04–3.16) in females.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence of significant associations between mode of delivery and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood. Females may be more sensitive to the effects of CS than males.