bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target recognition using rotating ultrasonic sensor for an amphibious ROV
Authors: Yang Jiangfei , Liu Boshen , Ma Fei , Jiao Qian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recognition and tracking of nearby obstacle targets in the inshore environment are necessary for the driving of amphibious remotely operated vehicles (ROV). In this study, the underwater target recognition and tracking in front of the ROV was conducted with a cost-effective waterproof rotating ultrasonic sensing system. An empirical detection model was developed to establish the detection characteristics of the ultrasonic sensor in the turbid underwater environment. The feature extraction of the underwater targets was performed with the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise. The maximum relative error of targets geometric feature recognition is 3.85%. The target tracking algorithm was designed based on the Kalman filter. The rotating ultrasonic sensing system was further applied and validated on a full size amphibious tracked ROV in the turbid underwater environment. The experimental results show that the maximum recognition error during the straight movement is less than 5% after Kalman filter processing. The validity of the DBSCAN and Kalman filtering algorithms is verified during the driving of the amphibious ROV.
OWEFE—open modeling framework for integrated water, energy, food, and environment systems
Authors: Fleischmann Julian , Blechinger Philipp , Ribbe Lars , Nauditt Alexandra , El Achkar Jean H , Tiwari Kapil , Kuleape Richmond , Platzer Werner 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The integrated approach to managing the fundamental resources for human life, namely, water, energy, food, and the environment as their irreplaceable foundation, presents a profound opportunity for sustainable development. However, despite their huge potential, integrated water, energy, food, and environment systems (iWEFEs) are rarely put into practice because of, among others, complexity and a lack of uniform and openly available models to describe, configure and simulate such systems. To fill this gap, we present the open modeling framework for integrated water, energy, food, and environment systems (OWEFEs) based on the open energy modeling framework. OWEFE follows an open, cross-sectoral, and modular design approach to address crucial challenges for the project development of iWEFEs. In this study, we apply OWEFE for the first time to model a wastewater biogas system and an agrivoltaics system. The results of the OWEFE-based models are in the range of a conventional approach respectively of on-site measurements indicating the framework’s capability to model diverse iWEFEs. The wide application of the framework can improve the assessment, planning, and configuration of iWEFEs for sustainable and integrated infrastructure development.
For an African elenchus: colonial and postcolonial misprisions and Classics in Africa
Authors: van Schoor David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper reflects on the god Dionysus in the context of African explorations of the role and meaning of Classical traditions in and for Africa. The problem of decolonization entails the creative challenge to conceive an African modernity, but how we shall recognize what that is to mean remains open. Knowledge as claim and contestation are foregrounded with Dionysus and in his presence. He is a figure who is chronically misprised, so that misprision itself becomes a feature of his experience and meaning. Offering examples of two kinds of popular interpretive stances and arguing that they represent typical but weak readings, the idea is developed that Africa requires elenchus as hermeneutic ideal, an epistemic pessimism and commitment to seeking as it finds its own way. It ought not, from a peripheral position, to adopt or reject the popular and low-yielding misprisions and cultural contestations that obtain in the Western academy and offer little to a flowering African Humanities.
Multiparameter 2-D viscoelastic full-waveform inversion of Rayleigh waves: a field experiment at Krauthausen test site
Authors: Gao Lingli , Pan Yudi , Rieder Andreas , Bohlen Thomas , Mao Weijian 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYFull-waveform inversion (FWI) has been proven to be an effective tool for high-resolution multiparameter imaging of the shallow subsurface. It has been shown that the Gauss–Newton (GN) optimization method uses the off-diagonal information contained in the Hessian matrix and can increase resolution and mitigate crosstalk in multiparameter viscoelastic FWI. In this work, we demonstrate the advantages of GN viscoelastic FWI over the conventional FWI with a conjugate gradient optimization method by using synthetic examples. We also investigate the potential of shallow seismic-wave 2-D viscoelastic FWI as a method for high-resolution hydrogeological characterization. The GN viscoelastic FWI is applied to two orthogonal profiles acquired at the Krauthausen natural laboratory (Germany). The groundwater table is located at around 2 m, which nicely agrees with an abrupt increase of P-wave velocity in the inverted results. FWI also reveals a low S-wave velocity layer at the depth of 4–6 m with high Poisson’s ratio values close to 0.5, which corresponds to a saturated sand layer known from previous studies. A K-mean cluster analysis is used to further analyse the multiparameter FWI results. By considering the derived Poisson’s ratio, P- and S-wave velocities, we convert the complex relationship between the multivariate data into a lithological meaningful zonation of the shallow subsurface. By comparing the lithological units in the alluvial aquifer with the cone penetration tests clusters, we conclude that the divided facies describe valuable characterization information about the heterogeneity and connectivity of the aquifer. This experiment indicates that the multiparameter models derived by viscoelastic FWI contain useful information for high-resolution aquifer characterization, and the potential of multiparameter FWI combined with cluster analysis in shallow subsurface characterization is encouraging.
Enablers and barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in an urban slum in Lagos, Nigeria: informing vaccine engagement strategies for the marginalized
Authors: Ozoh Obianuju B , Akinkugbe Ayesha O , Olukoya Morayo A , Adetifa Ifedayo M O 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a cost-effective mitigation strategy against the pandemic. As the COVID-19 vaccine becomes more available, low uptake is now a global threat and understanding the underpinnings in local contexts is a priority for intervention development. We aimed to evaluate behavioural determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance that could inform engagement strategies to improve vaccine uptake in Makoko, an urban slum in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods
A population-based case–control study utilized the barrier analysis (BA) approach to evaluate the beliefs and behaviours of 45 ‘doers’ and 45 ‘non-doers’. The standardized BA tabulation sheet was used to assess differences in the proportions between the two groups to identify significant factors that could be addressed through a behaviour change strategy.

Results
Perceived social norms (family, friend, healthcare workers) that approve the vaccine and expected vaccine protection against diseases among doers were determinants of behaviour. Perceived poor accessibility, safety concerns, lack of trust, low vaccine efficacy and low susceptibility to the infection were the most important determinants of behaviour among non-doers.

Conclusions
Measures to improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Makoko should include improvement in accessibility and exposing myths and misinformation through clear, concise and evidence-based community education delivered by trusted persons such as healthcare workers and religious leaders.
Biclonal Gammopathies in South Tunisia: Clinical and Biological Characteristics
Authors: Jerbi Ameni , Hachicha Hend , Charfi Aida , Kallel Faten , Feki Sawsan , Ben Ayed Mourad , Ayadi Faten , Akrout Rim , Frikha Faten , Amouri Ali , Kammoun Khaoula , Mdhaffar Moez , Ben Hmida Mohamed , Tahri Nabil , Bahloul Zouheir , Baklouti Sofien , Elloumi Moez , Masmoudi Hatem 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveBiclonal gammopathies (BGs) are rare situations characterized by the production of 2 monoclonal proteins. There are no available data on BGs in North Africa. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of BGs in our population and describe their clinical and laboratory features.MethodsWe conducted a 31-year retrospective study including patients with persistent double monoclonal bands based on the results of immunofixation/immunoelectrophoresis.ResultsA total of 35 patients with available clinical data (sex ratio, M/F = 1.53; mean age, 70 ± 10.87 years [range, 45–90 years]) were included. The main associated conditions were multiple myeloma (MM) (40%), BG of undetermined significance (BGUS) (34%), and lymphoproliferative diseases (23%). Only one-third of the patients had 2 monoclonal spikes on serum protein electrophoresis. The most common paraprotein combinations were immunoglobulin (Ig)G-IgG (25%) and IgG-IgA (23%) with different light chains in one-half of the cases. The mean follow-up was 25.6 months (median, 12 months). No BGUS evolved into a malignant disease.ConclusionBGs are rare in clinical laboratory routine but must be accurately identified by the pathologist. Our cohort is characterized by a high prevalence of BGUS compared with MM.
Modelling the formation of two stellar generations in massive star clusters: the case of 30 Doradus
Authors: Domínguez R , Pellegrini Eric W , Klessen Ralf S , Rahner Daniel 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the evolution of embedded star clusters with the goal to reproduce 30 Doradus, specifically the compact star cluster known as R136 and its surrounding stellar envelope, which is believed to be part of an earlier star formation event. We employ the high-precision stellar dynamics code Nbody6+ + GPU to calculate the dynamics of the stars embedded in different evolving molecular clouds modelled with the 1D cloud/clusters code warpfield. We explore clouds with initial masses of Mcloud = 3.16 × 105 M⊙ that (re)-collapse allowing for the birth of a second generation. We explore different star formation efficiencies to find the best set of parameters that can reproduce the observations. Our best-fit models correspond to a first generation of stars with a total mass M in the range $1.26 \!-\! 2.85\times \,\,10^4\,$ M⊙. As the initial stellar feedback is insufficient to unbind the parental cloud, the gas re-collapses after about 2–4 million years and builds up a second generation of stars with M ≈ 6.32 × 104 M⊙. We can match the observed stellar ages, the radius of the shell of swept up cloud material, and the fact that the second generation of stars is more concentrated than the first one. This is independent of the cluster starting out with mass segregation or without. By comparing with recent measurements of mass segregation and density profile in the central region of the cluster we again find close agreement, providing further evidence for a re-collapse scenario building up multiple generations of stars in 30 Doradus.
Galaxy Zoo: kinematics of strongly and weakly barred galaxies
Authors: Géron Tobias , Smethurst Rebecca J , Lintott Chris , Kruk Sandor , Masters Karen L , Simmons Brooke , Mantha Kameswara Bharadwaj , Walmsley Mike , Garma-Oehmichen L , Drory Niv , Lane Richard R 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWe study the bar pattern speeds and corotation radii of 225 barred galaxies, using integral field unit data from MaNGA and the Tremaine–Weinberg method. Our sample, which is divided between strongly and weakly barred galaxies identified via Galaxy Zoo, is the largest that this method has been applied to. We find lower pattern speeds for strongly barred galaxies than for weakly barred galaxies. As simulations show that the pattern speed decreases as the bar exchanges angular momentum with its host, these results suggest that strong bars are more evolved than weak bars. Interestingly, the corotation radius is not different between weakly and strongly barred galaxies, despite being proportional to bar length. We also find that the corotation radius is significantly different between quenching and star-forming galaxies. Additionally, we find that strongly barred galaxies have significantly lower values for $\mathcal {R}$, the ratio between the corotation radius and the bar radius, than weakly barred galaxies, despite a big overlap in both distributions. This ratio classifies bars into ultrafast bars ($\mathcal {R} \lt $ 1.0; 11 per cent of our sample), fast bars (1.0 $\lt \mathcal {R} \lt $ 1.4; 27 per cent), and slow bars ($\mathcal {R} \gt $ 1.4; 62 per cent). Simulations show that $\mathcal {R}$ is correlated with the bar formation mechanism, so our results suggest that strong bars are more likely to be formed by different mechanisms than weak bars. Finally, we find a lower fraction of ultrafast bars than most other studies, which decreases the recently claimed tension with Lambda cold dark matter. However, the median value of $\mathcal {R}$ is still lower than what is predicted by simulations.
Headache, Loss of Smell, and Visual Disturbances: Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection? A Case Report
Authors: Maselli Filippo , Storari Lorenzo , Mourad Firas , Barbari Valerio , Signorini Manuel , Signorelli Francesco 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this case report is to describe the main components of the history and physical examination that led to idiopathic intracranial hypertension differential diagnosis, which initially was investigated as COVID-19.

Methods (Case Description)
A 28-year-old woman complaining of constant headache and loss of smell and taste was suspected as SARS-CoV-2 infection by her general practitioner. She underwent 3 molecular swab tests, all negative, then decided to seek her physical therapist for relieving headache.

Results
The full cranial nerve examination revealed impaired olfactory (CNI), abducens (CN VI), and facial (CN VII) nerves, leading the physical therapist to refer the patient to a neurosurgeon for a suspected central nervous system involvement. The neurosurgeon prescribed a detailed MRI and an ophthalmologic examination, which allowed for the final diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Conclusion
An urgent lumbo-peritoneal shunting surgery resolved the patient’s symptoms and saved her sight. Despite the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care professionals must pay attention to properly investigating patients’ signs and symptoms using comprehensive clinical reasoning, considering the screening for referral to specialist medical attention.

Impact
A thorough physical examination is required for every patient even if patients’ signs and symptoms are in line with apparent common and widespread pathologies. Cranial nerve evaluation is an essential component of the physical therapist assessment and decision-making process. The ongoing pandemic highlighted the fundamental assistance of physical therapists toward physicians in the screening and management of musculoskeletal diseases.
Does Genital Self-image Correspond with Sexual Health before and after Vaginoplasty?
Authors: Kloer Carmen , Blasdel Gaines , Shakir Nabeel , Parker Augustus , Itzel Gómez Antía , Zhao Lee C. , Bluebond-Langner Rachel 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Patient-reported outcomes regarding sexual health are lacking or have not been validated for transgender patients following vaginoplasty. The aim of this study is to further characterize the difference in sexual health, genital self-image, and the relationship between them for patients who were pre- and postvaginoplasty.

Methods:
A community advisory board informed an anonymous online survey utilizing patient-reported outcomes. Pre- and postvaginoplasty respondents were recruited online. Survey measures included the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sexual health measures. Welch approximation t tests were performed for FGSIS and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System questions, using Bonferroni correction.

Results:
A total of 690 respondents prevaginoplasty (n = 525; 76%) and postvaginoplasty (n = 165; 24%) participated. The postoperative cohort, compared with the preoperative cohort, reported higher scores for orgasm (P = 0.0003), satisfaction (P = 0.001), and pleasure (P = 0.002). FGSIS total score was higher among postoperative respondents (79.4% ± 17.1%) than preoperative respondents (50.6% ± 15.1%) (P < 0.0001). Using Spearman rho, no significant correlation between FGSIS total score and any Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System subsectional measures was observed for the postoperative cohort, but a correlation (P <0.001) was observed for the preoperative cohort.

Conclusions:
Individuals who are contemplating vaginoplasty have worse sexual health and genital self-image than those who underwent vaginoplasty, yet genital self-image does not correlate directly with sexual health. Sexual health is multimodal for each person.
Cross-institutional Virtual Mock Oral Examination: A New Paradigm?
Authors: Manisundaram Arvind D. , Sathyanarayanan Sairandri , Govande Janhavi V. , Marques Erik S. , Nguyen Phuong D. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Mock oral examinations (MOEs) are shown to be valuable in preparation for national board oral examinations. Although traditionally conducted in-person, improved technological advances have supported exploring virtual alternatives. Furthermore, the cornoavirus disease 2019 pandemic has necessitated virtual learning. We hypothesized that the virtual platform would improve and expand the MOE experience to include collaborative institutions while approximating a board examination environment.

Methods:
Sixteen senior plastic surgery residents and 14 faculty from three separate programs participated in a cross-institutional virtual MOE. Over a single day, each trainee was evaluated by two faculty from a separate institution on six scenarios, including digitally interactive photographs. Immediate postexamination debriefing with feedback was performed. All participants were subsequently invited to complete an anonymous survey regarding MOE experience, accuracy, and stress level, with responses graded on a Likert scale (1–5).

Results:
Twenty-three participants completed the survey, with 87% having prior MOE experience; however, only 26.1% of participants had virtual MOE experience. Most found the virtual platform more convenient (4.18 + 1.18; 5—far more convenient, 1—far less convenient) and less stressful (2.32 + 0.65; 5—far more stressful, 1—far less stressful) than in-person. All participants found the examination fair, and participants found the examination valuable (4.65 + 0.57) in preparing trainees for the American Board of Plastic Surgery oral examination.

Conclusions:
The majority of participants found the virtual MOE experience valuable and comparable to in-person. These results reinforce that a virtual MOE provides an acceptable alternative with greater convenience and improved cross-institutional collaborative efforts.
Prolonged administration of a secretin receptor antagonist inhibits biliary senescence and liver fibrosis in Mdr2−/− mice
Authors: Wu Nan , Zhou Tianhao , Carpino Guido , Baiocchi Leonardo , Kyritsi Konstantina , Kennedy Lindsey , Ceci Ludovica , Chen Lixian , Wu Chaodong , Kundu Debjyoti , Barupala Nipuni , Franchitto Antonio , Onori Paolo , Ekser Burcin , Gaudio Eugenio , Francis Heather , Glaser Shannon , Alpini Gianfranco 
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims:
Secretin (SCT) and secretin receptor (SR, only expressed on cholangiocytes within the liver) play key roles in modulating liver phenotypes. Forkhead box A2 (FoxA2) is required for normal bile duct homeostasis by preventing the excess of cholangiocyte proliferation. Short-term administration of the SR antagonist (SCT 5–27) decreased ductular reaction and liver fibrosis in bile duct ligated and Mdr2−/− [primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), model] mice. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and risks of long-term SCT 5–27 treatment in Mdr2−/− mice.

Approach and Results:

In vivo studies were performed in male wild-type and Mdr2−/− mice treated with saline or SCT 5–27 for 3 months and human samples from late-stage PSC patients and healthy controls. Compared with controls, biliary SCT/SR expression and SCT serum levels increased in Mdr2−/− mice and late-stage PSC patients. There was a significant increase in ductular reaction, biliary senescence, liver inflammation, angiogenesis, fibrosis, biliary expression of TGF-β1/VEGF-A axis, and biliary phosphorylation of protein kinase A and ERK1/2 in Mdr2−/− mice. The biliary expression of miR-125b and FoxA2 decreased in Mdr2−/− compared with wild-type mice, which was reversed by long-term SCT 5–27 treatment. In vitro, SCT 5–27 treatment of a human biliary PSC cell line decreased proliferation and senescence and SR/TGF-β1/VEGF-A axis but increased the expression of miR-125b and FoxA2. Downregulation of FoxA2 prevented SCT 5–27–induced reduction in biliary damage, whereas overexpression of FoxA2 reduced proliferation and senescence in the human PSC cell line.

Conclusions:
Modulating the SCT/SR axis may be critical for managing PSC.
An open-label randomized noninferior study of generic name and brand name of propafenone for rhythm control in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Chin Chye-Gen , Hsieh Yu-Cheng , Lin Wei-Shiang , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Chiou Chuen-Wang , Lin Tsung-Hsien , Huang Chien-Lung , Hung Yuan , Lin Yung-Kuo , Chang Shih-Lin , Yeh Tong-Chen , Lee Hsiang-Chun , Lai Wen-Ter , Hsieh Ming-Hsiung 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Propafenone is a class IC antiarrhythmic agent that is commonly used as the first-line therapy for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in Taiwan. This study compared the efficacy and safety of generic (Rhynorm) and brand name (Rytmonorm) propafenone for rhythm control of paroxysmal AF in Taiwan.

Methods:
This was an open-label randomized multicenter noninferior study conducted in Taiwan. We enrolled 76 patients with AF. To investigate the efficacy of propafenone, we used a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) event recorder to evaluate the daily burden of AF episodes in patients for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the frequency of AF with clinical significance, which was indicated by AF duration ≥30 seconds. The safety endpoints included proarrhythmic or hemodynamic adverse events.

Result:
To analyze the efficacy and safety of these agents, 71 patients (five patients with screen failure) were randomized to two groups, specifically a Rhynorm group (n = 37) and a Rytmonorm group (n = 34), for 24 weeks of the treatment period. The baseline patient characteristics were comparable between the groups. However, the Rhynorm group was older (65.4 ± 8.40 vs 59.8 ± 10.8 years; p = 0.02). The primary efficacy endpoint at week 24 decreased by 4.76% ± 18.5% (from 24.3% ± 33.9% to 19.0% ± 28.7%; p = 0.13) in the Rhynorm group and by 3.27% ± 15.2% (from 16.9% ± 26.4% to 13.6% ± 19.2%; p = 0.22) in the Rytmonorm group, with an intergroup difference of 1.5% ± 17.0%; p = 0.71. This finding indicates that Rhynorm is not inferior to Rytmonorm (p = 0.023 for noninferiority). The safety profile of the agents was comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Our results verified that Rhynorm was noninferior to Rytmonorm in terms of efficacy and safety for treating paroxysmal AF in Taiwan (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03674658).