bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compressing network populations with modal networks reveal structural diversity
Authors: Kirkley Alec , Rojas Alexis , Rosvall Martin , Young Jean-Gabriel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnalyzing relational data consisting of multiple samples or layers involves critical challenges: How many networks are required to capture the variety of structures in the data? And what are the structures of these representative networks? We describe efficient nonparametric methods derived from the minimum description length principle to construct the network representations automatically. The methods input a population of networks or a multilayer network measured on a fixed set of nodes and output a small set of representative networks together with an assignment of each network sample or layer to one of the representative networks. We identify the representative networks and assign network samples to them with an efficient Monte Carlo scheme that minimizes our description length objective. For temporally ordered networks, we use a polynomial time dynamic programming approach that restricts the clusters of network layers to be temporally contiguous. These methods recover planted heterogeneity in synthetic network populations and identify essential structural heterogeneities in global trade and fossil record networks. Our methods are principled, scalable, parameter-free, and accommodate a wide range of data, providing a unified lens for exploratory analyses and preprocessing large sets of network samples.
An ATP-sensitive phosphoketolase regulates carbon fixation in cyanobacteria
Authors: Lu Kuan-Jen , Chang Chiung-Wen , Wang Chun-Hsiung , Chen Frederic Y-H , Huang Irene Y. , Huang Pin-Hsuan , Yang Cheng-Han , Wu Hsiang-Yi , Wu Wen-Jin , Hsu Kai-Cheng , Ho Meng-Chiao , Tsai Ming-Daw , Liao James C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRegulation of CO2 fixation in cyanobacteria is important both for the organism and global carbon balance. Here we show that phosphoketolase in Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 (SeXPK) possesses a distinct ATP-sensing mechanism, where a drop in ATP level allows SeXPK to divert precursors of the RuBisCO substrate away from the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. Deleting the SeXPK gene increased CO2 fixation particularly during light–dark transitions. In high-density cultures, the Δxpk strain showed a 60% increase in carbon fixation and unexpectedly resulted in sucrose secretion without any pathway engineering. Using cryo-EM analysis, we discovered that these functions were enabled by a unique allosteric regulatory site involving two subunits jointly binding two ATP, which constantly suppresses the activity of SeXPK until the ATP level drops. This magnesium-independent ATP allosteric site is present in many species across all three domains of life, where it may also play important regulatory functions.
Construction of white-rot fungal-bacterial consortia with improved ligninolytic properties and stable bacterial community structure
Authors: Mori Toshio , Terashima Taiki , Matsumura Masaki , Tsuruta Koudai , Dohra Hideo , Kawagishi Hirokazu , Hirai Hirofumi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It is believed that wood-rot fungi change their wood decay activities due to influences from co-existing bacterial communities; however, it is difficult to elucidate experimentally the interaction mechanisms in fungal-bacterial consortia because the bacterial community structure is quite unstable and readily changes. Indeed, the wood decay properties of fungal-bacterial consortia consisting of a white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 and a natural bacterial community changed dramatically during several sub-cultivations on wood. Therefore, development of a sub-cultivation method that imparts stability to the bacterial community structure and fungal phenotype was attempted. The adopted method using agar medium enabled maintenance of fungal phenotypes relating to wood decay and the bacterial community even through dozens of repetitive sub-cultures. Some bacterial metabolic pathways identified based on gene predictions were screened as candidates involved in P. sordida–bacterial interactions. In particular, pathways related to prenyl naphthoquinone biosynthesis appeared to be involved in an interaction that promotes higher lignin degradation selectivity by the consortia, as naphthoquinone derivatives induced phenol-oxidizing activity. Based on these results, it is expected that detailed analyses of the relationship between the wood-degrading properties of white-rot fungal-bacterial consortia and bacterial community structures will be feasible using the sub-cultivation method developed in this study.
IDEFIX: A versatile performance-portable Godunov code for astrophysical flows
Authors: Lesur G. R. J. , Baghdadi S. , Wafflard-Fernandez G. , Mauxion J. , Robert C. M. T. , Van den Bossche M. 
Published: June 2023

Context. The exascale super-computers becoming available rely on hybrid energy-efficient architectures that involve an accelerator such as a graphics processing unit (GPU). Leveraging the computational power of these machines often means a significant rewrite of the numerical tools each time a new architecture becomes available.
Aims. We present IDEFIX, a new code for astrophysical flows that relies on the KOKKOS meta-programming library to guarantee performance portability on a wide variety of architectures while keeping the code as simple as possible to the user.
Methods. IDEFIX is based on a Godunov finite-volume method that solves the nonrelativistic hydrodynamical (HD) and magnetohy-drodynamical (MHD) equations on various grid geometries. IDEFIX includes a large choice of solvers and several additional modules (constrained transport, orbital advection, nonideal MHD), allowing users to address complex astrophysical problems.
Results. IDEFIX has been successfully tested on Intel and AMD CPUs (up to 131 072 CPU cores on Irene-Rome at TGCC) as well as NVidia and AMD GPUs (up to 1024 GPUs on Adastra at CINES). IDEFIX achieves more than 108 cell s−1 in MHD on a single NVidia V100 GPU and 3 × 1011 cell s−1 on 256 Adastra nodes (1024 GPUs) with 95% parallelization efficiency (compared to single node). For the same problem, IDEFIX is up to six times more energy efficient on GPUs compared to Intel Cascade Lake CPUs.
Conclusions. IDEFIX is now a mature exascale-ready open-source code that can be used on a large variety of astrophysical and fluid dynamics applications.
Delving deep: A population of extremely dusty dwarfs observed by JWST
Authors: Bisigello L. , Gandolfi G. , Grazian A. , Rodighiero G. , Costantin L. , Cooray A. R. , Feltre A. , Gruppioni C. , Hathi N. P. , Holwerda B. W. , Koekemoer A. M. , Lucas R. A. , Newman J. A. , Pérez-González P. G. , Yung L. Y. A. , de la Vega A. , Arrabal Haro P. , Bagley M. B. , Dickinson M. , Finkelstein S. L. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Papovich C. , Pirzkal N. , Wilkins S. 
Published: June 2023

Aims. We take advantage of the NIRCam photometric observations available as part of the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science survey (CEERS) to identify and analyse very red sources in an effort to discover very dusty star forming galaxies.
Methods. We select red galaxies as objects with a S/N > 3 at 4.4 μm and a S/N < 2 in all JWST and HST filters at λ ≤ 2 μm, which corresponds to [F200W]−[F444W]> 1.2 considering CEERS depths. This selection is ideal to identify very dusty (AV > 1 mag) galaxies with stellar masses between 106 and 1010 M⊙ at z < 5, more massive dusty galaxies at z = 5 − 18 and galaxies at z > 18 due to the Lyman absorption, independently of their dust extinction.
Results. Our sample of F200W-dropouts contains no strong candidates at z > 6.5, instead it consists almost completely (∼81%) of z < 2 low-mass galaxies, with a median stellar mass of 107.3 M⊙. These galaxies show an exceptional dust extinction with median value of AV = 4.9 mag, completely unexpected given their low stellar mass. The remaining galaxies, which are at z < 6.5, show similar large dust extinction (AV > 1), but they are generally more massive > 107.5 M⊙.
2021 occultations and transits of Linus orbiting (22) Kalliope
Authors: Brož M. , Ďurech J. , Ferrais M. , Lee H.-J. , Kim M.-J. , Roh D.-G. , Yim H.-S. , Jehin E. , Burdanov A. , de Wit J. , Fatka P. , Hanuš J. , Carry B. 
Published: June 2023

Aims.The satellite Linus orbiting the main-belt asteroid (22) Kalliope exhibited mutual occultation and transit events in late 2021. A photometric campaign was organised and observations were undertaken by the TRAPPIST-South, SPECULOOS-Artemis, OWL-Net, and BOAO telescopes, with the goal to further constrain dynamical and photometric models of this sizeable asteroid-satellite system.Methods.Our dynamical model is sufficiently complex, featuring multipoles (up to the order ofℓ= 2), internal tides, and external tides. The model was constrained by astrometry (spanning 2001–2021), occultations, adaptive-optics imaging, and calibrated photometry, as well as relative photometry. Our photometric model was substantially improved. A new precise (<0.1 mmag) light curve algorithm was implemented, based on polygon intersections, which are computed exactly by including partial eclipses and partial visibility of polygons. Moreover, we implemented a ‘cliptracing’ algorithm, again based on polygon intersections, in which partial contributions to individual pixels are computed exactly. Both synthetic light curves and synthetic images then become very smooth.Results.Based on our combined solution, we confirmed the size of Linus, namely, (28 ± 1)km. However, this solution exhibits some tension among the light curves and the PISCO speckle-interferometry dataset, acquired simultaneously with the 2021 events. This indicates that improvements of the shape are still possible. In most solutions, Linus is darker than Kalliope, with the single-scattering albedosAw= 0.40 vs. 0.44. This is confirmed on deconvolved images. A detailed revision of astrometric data has allowed us to revise also theJ2≡ −C20value of Kalliope. Most importantly, a homogeneous body is excluded. For a differentiated body, two solutions exist: low-oblateness (C20≃ −0.12), with a spherical iron core, and, alternatively, high-oblateness (C20≃ −0.22) with an elongated iron core. These values correspond, respectively, to the low- and high-energy collisions we studied via SPH simulations in our previous work.
Innovationen im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Rychlik Reinhard , Greiner Wolfgang 
Published: June 2023

Brauchen wir Innovationen im deutschen Gesundheitswesen?„Ja, warum nicht?“ oder „Selbstverständlich“
könnten die Antworten sein.Wobei der Bezug der Innovationen oft zur Krankheit und deren Heilung besteht. Aber es
kann auch Innovationen in der Behandlungsstruktur, der Kommunikationen
(elektronische Patientenakte) oder der Dokumentationen (Digitalisierung) u. v. m.
geben.Dabei sollte man sich immer zuerst um den Begriff „Innovationen“
bekümmern und ihn mit Leben füllen.Dennoch, vielleicht auch erst nach einem Piloten, könnte man über
Vertiefung oder Institutionalisierung nachdenken.Aber in politischen Entscheidungen kommt es häufig erstens anders und
zweitens als man denkt.
Innovationen für die gesetzliche Krankenversicherung:
Rückblick auf sieben Jahre Förderpraxis
Authors: Hecken Josef 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag blickt auf die ersten sieben Jahre Förderpraxis durch den
Innovationsausschuss beim Gemeinsamen Bundesauschuss zurück. Die
Änderungen durch das Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetz (DVG) stellen hierbei
eine Zäsur dar. Denn durch das DVG wurde der Innovationsfonds nicht nur
ein zweites Mal verlängert, sondern es gingen damit auch eine Reihe von
inhaltlichen, strukturellen und prozessualen Änderungen einher.
Iatrogene Keratektasie nach refraktiver Chirurgie – Ursachen, Prophylaxe, Therapie
Authors: Wagner Felix Mathias , Sekundo Walter 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungBei der iatrogenen Keratektasie kommt es bei initial gutem Visus nach refraktivchirurgischen Lasereingriffen zu einer progressiven Myopisierung mit irregulärem Astigmatismus infolge einer
zunehmenden Vorwölbung der Hornhaut. Bekannte Risikofaktoren sind u. a. ein zu dünnes postoperativ verbleibendes Stromabett, ein dickerer Flap oder präoperativ unerkannte Anzeichen für einen
bereits bestehenden subklinischen Keratokonus. Die Rate postrefraktiver Ektasien bei Augen ohne erkennbare präoperative Risikofaktoren beträgt 20 pro 100 000 Augen bei PRK, 90 pro 100 000
Augen bei LASIK und 11 pro 100 000 Augen bei SMILE. Die klassischen Screening-Tools auf präoperative Risiken beinhalten das „Ectasia Risk Score System“ (ERSS) und „Percentage of Tissue
Alteration“ (PTA). Modernere Methoden umfassen neben KI-Methoden für die Datenanalyse auch Einzelschichttomografie mit Epithelkartierung. Die Therapie erfolgt mit Kontaktlinsen,
Crosslinking, der Implantation intrakornealer Ringsegmente, perforierenden oder lamellären Keratoplastiken und in ersten Studien durch die Implantation von Hornhautlentikeln.
A Novel De novo Heterozygous Mutation in the SON Gene Associated with Septo-optic Dysplasia: A New Phenotype
Authors: Pasca Ludovica , Politano Davide , Cavallini Anna , Panzeri Elena , Vigone Maria Cristina , Baldoli Cristina , Abbate Marco , Kullmann Gaia , Marelli Susan , Pozzobon Gabriella , Vincenzi Gaia , Nacinovich Renata , Bassi Maria Teresa , Romaniello Romina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSepto-optic dysplasia (SOD) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a classic triad of optic nerve/chiasm hypoplasia, agenesis of septum pellucidum and corpus callosum, and hypoplasia of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.Herein, we report the clinical case of 2-year-old boy presenting with psychomotor delay, nystagmus, congenital hypothyroidism, and a clinically relevant growth delay. The neuroradiological examination showed partial segmental agenesis of the corpus callosum, agenesis of the septum pellucidum, optic nerve hypoplasia, and a small pituitary gland with a small median pituitary stalk. A whole-exome sequencing analysis detected a novel heterozygous de novo variant c.1069_1070delAG in SON, predicted as likely pathogenic.To date, SON pathogenic variants have been described as responsible for Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim (ZTTK) syndrome, a multisystemic neurodevelopmental disorder mainly characterized by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphisms, visual abnormalities, brain malformations, feeding difficulties, and growth delay. The herein described case is the first recognized clinic-radiological occurrence of SOD syndrome with hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction in a patient carrying a SON gene variant, considered responsible of ZTTK syndrome, suggesting a possible relationship between SOD and SON gene alterations, never described so far, making the search for SON gene mutations advisable in patients with SOD.
Endoscopic Reconstruction of the Sellar Floor by Extended Inferior Turbinate Flap in Recurrent Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Elsamouly Hatem M. , Zaghloul Ahmed , Younis Ahmed , Hadeya Abdelgawad , Ayad Ahmed Adel , Hendawy Mansor Ali , Alaghory Islam M. , Barania Mohamed , Ellabbad Mohamed , Attia Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective This aim of this study was to address the outcome of endoscopic reconstruction of the sellar floor by extended inferior turbinate flap.
Patients and Methods This is a retrospective study of 34 patients with a recurrent pituitary tumor. They were treated between March 2018 and December 2021 by endoscopic extended endonasal approach with the reconstruction of the sellar floor by an extended posterior pedicle inferior turbinate flap. The clinical and radiological follow-up was performed immediately postoperation and regularly every 3 months up to 1 year, and the available data from the last follow-up visit were included in the analysis.
Results The patients' age ranged between 40 and 65 years, with a slight female predominance (55.9%). Headache was the main presentation (47.1%), and functional tumors were found in 50.0% patients. Visual disturbances were field defects among 61.8% and papilledema among 52.9% patients. Preoperative endoscopy revealed postseptectomy as the significant finding (73.5%), followed by postseptectomy and adhesion (14.7%) and finally postseptectomy and hypertrophied inferior turbinate (11.8%). Total tumor resection was achieved in 76.5%, visual improvement was recorded in 52.9%, and no complications were reported in 82.4% patients. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak was not reported in any of the studied patients. Finally, total resection was significantly associated with younger age, non-functioning tumor and improvement of headache.
Conclusion The extended inferior turbinate flap is an effective and safe approach for sellar floor reconstruction in endoscopic endonasal surgery for recurrent pituitary tumors. The extension overcomes the relatively small inferior flap and its limited arc of rotation.
Sustainable Ru(II)-Catalyzed ortho-C(sp2)–H Hydroxyalkylation of Phthalazinones Using Ethyl Glyoxalate: Access to α,α′-Arylcarboxy sec-Alcohols
Authors: Gandhi Thirumanavelan , Ramkumar Alagumalai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn operationally simple and expeditious protocol for Ru(II)-catalyzed ortho-C(sp2)–H hydroxyalkylation of phthalazinones using commercially available ethyl glyoxalate in 2-Me-THF is reported. This greener approach involves the imine nitrogen on the phthalazinones as a directing group to effect the regioselective hydroxyalkylation. Ample examples of biologically relevant hydroxyalkylated phthalazinones were prepared, and relevant controlled studies were performed to decipher the reaction mechanism.
Transition-Metal-Free and Selective Deconstructive Carbonyl Olefination of α-Hydroxy Ketones: A Complementary Approach to Knoevenagel Reaction
Authors: Kumar Anil , Sandeep Sandeep , Saini Vaneet , Chayawan Chayawan , Chaudhary Ganga R. , Venugopalan Paloth 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile the carbonyl olefination has been extensively studied and well documented, use of α-hydroxy ketones as precursors for the carbonyl olefination is not reported, till date. Herein, a transition-metal-free and selective Knoevenagel-type deconstructive carbonyl olefination of α-hydroxy ketones using arylacetonitriles under mild reaction conditions is presented. The reaction affords valuable scaffolds of acrylonitriles with the use of α-hydroxy ketones as precursors for carbonyl olefination.
Semi-Synthesis of (+)-Digitoxigenin from Androstenedione
Authors: Shi Lei , Wei Linlin , Qiao Kaikai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn efficient stereoselective semi-synthesis of (+)-digitoxigenin has been achieved by a nine-step sequence with a 20.4% overall yield. The key features of the synthesis include a Saegusa–Ito oxidation reaction, a direct C14β-hydroxylation, and a Stille cross-coupling.
Independent agencies? Political vulnerability and affinity of their leaders
Authors: Klimentová Eliška , Tomanová Petra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAre the leaders of independent agencies independent in practice? Are the independence requirements set out in legislation a guarantee of de facto independence? This paper reveals the relationship between de iure independence and de facto independence of independent agencies through two dimensions: political affinity and political vulnerability of their leaders. Our analysis reveals how the de iure independence of an agency affects the probability that agency heads will have connections to political parties and whether their mandates will end prematurely in a period of political transition, i.e., when a new government takes office. It also determines whether the biographical profile of agency heads (PhD degree, bureaucratic background, and political affiliation) can influence their security of tenure when governments change, and hence their independence. This is supported by an empirical evaluation of independent authorities in the Czech Republic between 1993 and 2021.
Characterization of a half-wave plate for cosmic microwave background circular polarization measurement with POLARBEAR
Authors: Fujino T. , Takakura S. , Chinone Y. , Hasegawa M. , Hazumi M. , Katayama N. , Lee A. T. , Matsumura T. , Minami Y. , Nishino H. 
Published: June 2023

A half-wave plate (HWP) is often used as a modulator to suppress systematic error in the measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. A HWP can also be used to measure circular polarization (CP) through its optical leakage from CP to linear polarization. The CP of the CMB is predicted from various sources, such as interactions in the Universe and extension of the standard model. Interaction with supernova remnants of population III stars is one of the brightest CP sources. Thus, the observation of the CP of CMB is a new tool for searching for population III stars. In this paper, we demonstrate the improved measurement of the leakage coefficient using the transmission measurement of an actual HWP in the laboratory. We measured the transmittance of linearly polarized light through the HWP used in Polarbear in the frequency range of 120–160 GHz. We evaluate the properties of the HWP by fitting the data with a physical model using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. We then estimate the band-averaged CP leakage coefficient using the physical model. We find that the leakage coefficient strongly depends on the spectra of CP sources. We thus calculate the maximum fractional leakage coefficient from CP to linear polarization as 0.133 ± 0.009 in the Rayleigh–Jeans spectrum. The nonzero value shows that Polarbear has a sensitivity to CP. Additionally, because we use the bandpass of detectors installed in the telescope to calculate the band-averaged values, we also consider systematic effects in the experiment.
Sexually transmissible infections (STI) and HIV testing and diagnosis among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal adolescents in contact with the Australian justice system: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Taflan Patricia , Simpson Paul L. , Wilson Mandy , Jones Jocelyn , Donovan Basil , Amin Janaki , Nathan Sally , Butler Tony 
Published: June 2023

Background It is unclear what factors are associated with sexually transmissible infections (STI) and HIV testing and diagnosis among justice-involved adolescents, and if these differ for Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander peoples. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 465 justice-involved adolescents (aged 14–17 years) from Australia was conducted between 2016 and 2018. Participants were asked about sexual behaviours, STI/HIV knowledge, and prior STI diagnoses and testing. Results Approximately 38% (n = 130) of those sexually active had ever been screened for STI/HIV and 17.8% (n = 23) had been diagnosed with an STI. No participant reported living with HIV. For Aboriginal participants, being male (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3–10.1) and having under three sexual partners in the past 12 months (aOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.2–8.0) was associated with never having had an STI/HIV test. For non-Aboriginal participants, being male (aOR 2.7, 95%CI 1.2–5.7), single (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.9), attending school (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.1), not having sought sexual health information (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4–5.8), and having a lower STI/HIV knowledge score (aOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–5.0) were associated with never having had an STI/HIV test. Factors associated with STI diagnosis were non-heterosexual sexual orientation (aOR 5.6, 95% CI 1.1–28.2), transactional sex (aOR 11.2, 95% CI 3.0–41.3), and having sought sexual health information (aOR 3.5, 95% CI 1.0–12.5). Conclusions Males, particularly Aboriginal male adolescents, should be engaged with sexual health promotion and testing services as soon as they come into contact with the justice system. Approaches should consider different cultural, gender and sexual orientations.