bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel method for diaphragm-based electrode belt position of electrical impedance tomography by ultrasound
Authors: Yue Chaofu , He Huaiwu , Su Longxiang , Wang Jun , Yuan Siyi , Long Yun , Zhao Zhanqi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This aim of study was to introduce a diaphragm-based EIT-belt placement method based on diaphragm position by ultrasound, and to evaluate the difference between diaphragm-based EIT-belt placement and conventional EIT-belt placement.

Method
The diaphragm position (L0) determined by ultrasound was taken as zero reference level. The direction of headward is defined as positive, and toward feet is negative. For EIT data collection, the electrode belt was placed at 7 different levels, respectively (denoted as L−2 cm, L0, L2cm, L4cm, L6cm, L8cm, L10cm) at supine position in healthy volunteers. The diaphragm-based EIT-belt level (Lxcm) was defined where highest tidal impedance variation (TV) was achieved. Subsequently, EIT measurements were conducted at diaphragm-based EIT-belt levels and traditional EIT-belt level in 50 critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation.

Result
The highest TV was achieved at L6cm and the smallest at L−2 cm., so the L6cm were taken as diaphragm-based EIT-belt level by ultrasound in 8 healthy volunteers. In 23 patients, the diaphragm-based EIT-belt plane agreed with the conventional planes (4th–6th ICS), which was defined as the Agreed group. Other patients were classified to the Disagreed group (above 4th ICS). The Disagreed group has a significantly higher BMI and lower global TV at the diaphragm-based EIT-belt plane compared to the Agreed group.

Conclusions
The diaphragm-based EIT-belt position by ultrasound was feasible and resulted in different belt positions compared to the conventional position in > 50% of the examined subjects, especially in patients with higher BMI. Further study is required to validate the impact on EIT images with this novel method on clinical management.
Characteristics and longitudinal extent of VLF quasi-periodic emissions using multi-point ground-based observations
Authors: Martinez-Calderon Claudia , Oonishi Tomoka , Shiokawa Kazuo , Manninen Jyrki K. , Oinats Alexey , Ozaki Mitsunori 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQuasi-periodic (QP) emissions are a type of magnetospheric ELF/VLF waves characterized by a periodic intensity modulation ranging from tens of seconds to several minutes. Here, we present 63 QP events observed between January 2017 and December 2018. Initially detected at the VLF receiver in Kannuslehto, Finland (KAN, MLAT = 67.7°N, L = 5.5), we proceeded to check whether these events were simultaneously observed at other subauroral receivers. To do so we used the following PWING stations: Athabasca (ATH, MLAT = 61.2°N, L = 4.3, Canada), Gakona (GAK, MLAT = 63.6°N, L = 4.9, Alaska), Husafell (HUS, MLAT = 64.9°N, L = 5.6, Iceland), Istok (IST, MLAT = 60.6°N, L = 6.0, Russia), Kapuskasing (KAP, MLAT = 58.7°N, L = 3.8, Canada), Maimaga (MAM, MLAT = 58.0°N, L = 3.6, Russia), and Nain (NAI, MLAT = 65.8°N, L = 5.0, Canada). We found that: (1) QP emissions detected at KAN had a relatively longer observation time (1–10 h) than other stations, (2) 11.3% of the emissions at KAN were observed showing one-to-one correspondence at IST, and (3) no station other than IST simultaneously observed the same QP emission as KAN. Since KAN and IST are longitudinally separated by 60.6°, we estimate that the maximum meridional spread of conjugated QP emissions should be close to 60° or 4 MLT. Comparison with geomagnetic data shows half of the events are categorized as type II, while the rest are mixed (type I and II). This study is the first to clarify the longitudinal spread of QP waves observed on the ground by analyzing simultaneous observations over 2 years using multiple ground stations.
Graphical Abstract
The transition from cohabitation to marriage in Spain: differences and determinants in same-sex and different-sex couples
Authors: Caprinali Anna , Vitali Agnese , Cortina Clara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSame-sex households and non-heterosexual people’s living arrangements are an expanding area of research in family studies. This contribution focuses on the transition from cohabitation to marriage of same-sex couples in comparison to different-sex couples in Spain, i.e., one of the pioneer countries of same-sex marriage that was legalized in 2005. In this particular context, we investigate to what extent same-sex couples and different-sex couples present similar marriage risks. Employing Event History Analysis and using data from the 2018 Spanish Fertility Survey, we find that, overall, same-sex couples have a significantly lower hazard of transitioning from non-marital cohabitation to marriage than different-sex couples. When restricting the sample to currently co-residing couples, the difference in the hazard of marriage between the two couple types remains negative but becomes insignificant. We thus disprove that same-sex couples have a higher incentive for marriage. These results are discussed in light of the different composition of same-sex vs different-sex couples in terms of their socio-demographic profile and motivations for marriage.
Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and predictors of outcome in nontuberculous mycobacterial central nervous system infection: a systematic review
Authors: Meena Durga Shankar , Kumar Deepak , Meena Vasudha , Bohra Gopal Krishana , Tak Vibhor , Garg Mahendra Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
CNS manifestations represent an emerging facet of NTM infection with significant mortality. Due to protean presentation and low index of suspicion, many cases are often treated erroneously as tubercular meningitis or fungal infections.

Objectives
Literature on NTM CNS disease is scarce, with most available data on pulmonary disease. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and predictors of outcome in CNS NTM infection.

Methods
The literature search was performed in major electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus) using keywords “CNS,” “Central nervous system,” “brain abscess,” “meningitis,” “spinal,” “Nontuberculous mycobacteria,” “NTM”. All cases of CNS NTM infection reported between January 1980 and December 2022 were included.

Results
A total of 77 studies (112 cases) were included in the final analysis. The mean age of all patients was 38 years, with most patients male (62.5%). Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was the most common aetiology, followed by M. fortuitum and M. abscessus (34.8%, 21.4% and 15.2%, respectively). The disseminated disease was found in 33% of cases. HIV (33.9%) and neurosurgical hardware (22.3%) were the common risk factors. Intracranial abscess (36.6%) and leptomeningeal enhancement (28%) were the most prevalent findings in neuroimaging. The overall case fatality rate was 37.5%. On multivariate analysis, male gender (adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–7.9) and HIV (adjusted OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.8–6.1) were the independent predictors of mortality). M. fortuitum infection was significantly associated with increased survival (adjusted OR 0.18, 95% CI (0.08–0.45), p value 0.012).

Conclusions
Current evidence shows the emerging role of rapid-grower NTM in CNS disease. Male gender and HIV positivity were associated with significant mortality, while M fortuitum carries favourable outcomes.
Application of endophytic bacterium Bacillus velezensis BTR11 to control bacterial leaf blight disease and promote rice growth
Authors: Do Trung Quang , Nguyen Tri Trong , Dinh Van Mai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most destructive pathogens responsible for severe yield losses in rice. Application of bacterial biocontrol agent (BCA) with plant growth promotion (PGP) abilities is a promising method that alternates current conventional practices to manage BLB disease and increase crop yield. Hence, this study aimed to isolate and identify BCA with PGP abilities from internal plant tissues and rhizosphere soil of healthy and Xoo-infected rice and evaluate their antagonistic and PGP properties under greenhouse and field conditions.

Results
A total of 14 bacterial isolates were isolated and presented in vitro antagonistic ability against the Xoo. The rice endophytic bacterium strain Bacillius velezensis (BTR11) had the highest antagonistic activity against the Xoo, produced indole acetic acid (IAA), and mineralized nutrients (K and P). The greenhouse experiment revealed that culture broth of strain BTR11 had a high protective effect (72.1%) against the BLB when applied at the protective-fighting mode, i.e., before and after the Xoo infection. Preliminary results of the field experiment showed that a protective effect against the bacterial blight disease was obtained as high as 75–85%, if the strain was used as an additive to the soil for the seedlings in combination with spraying when the disease began in the field. In addition, using the strain BTR11 also increased the rice yield to about 12% more than the un-treatment control.

Conclusions
The study showed a significant potential for the application of endophytic bacteria in controlling BLB disease, while stimulating plant growth, thus reducing the use of agrochemicals in rice cultivation.
Removal of discal cyst using percutaneous full endoscopic via interlaminar route: a case report
Authors: Kasempipatchai Pawin , Kesornsak Withawin , Kuansongtham Verapan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Discal cyst, a rare disease with unclear pathogenesis, exhibits symptoms similar to lumbar disk herniation. Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment for this condition.

Case presentation
This report presents the clinical efficacy of the percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar approach surgery technique in patients diagnosed with lumbar 4–5 discal cyst. The patient exhibited sub-acute radiculopathy in the left leg accompanied by weakness of the extensor hallucis longus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine confirmed the presence of lumbar discal cysts, which exerted compression on the traversing nerve root. Surgical treatment involved performing percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar approach surgery without additional discectomy under general anesthesia. The symptoms were immediately alleviated following the removal of the discal cysts, and the weakness in the toe improved the day after the surgery. No recurrent symptoms or complications were observed during the 6-month follow-up period.

Conclusion
Based on our findings, we posit that percutaneous interlaminar endoscopic surgery represents a safe, minimally invasive, and appropriate approach for treating discal cysts.
Nine-Week Versus One-Year Trastuzumab for Early Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: 10-Year Update of the ShortHER Phase III Randomized Trial
Authors: Conte PierFranco , Bisagni Giancarlo , Piacentini Federico , Sarti Samanta , Minichillo Santino , Anselmi Elisa , Aieta Michele , Gebbia Vittorio , Schirone Alessio , Musolino Antonino , Garrone Ornella , Beano Alessandra , Rimanti Anita , Giotta Francesco , Turletti Anna , Miglietta Federica , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Vicini Roberto , Balduzzi Sara , D'Amico Robert , Guarneri Valentina 
Published: September 2023

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned coprimary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical trial updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. We present the final analysis of the phase III noninferiority, randomized ShortHER trial comparing 9 weeks versus 1 year of adjuvant trastuzumab with chemotherapy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive (HER2+) early breast cancer (BC). Women with HER2+ BC were randomly assigned to anthracycline-taxane combinations plus 1-year trastuzumab (arm A, long) or 9-week trastuzumab (arm B, short). Here, we report the second coprimary end point overall survival (OS), updated disease-free survival (DFS), and outcomes according to hormone receptor status, age, and nodal status. At a median follow-up of 9 years, 10-year DFS is 77% versus 78% in the long versus short arm, respectively. Ten-year OS is 89% versus 88% in the long versus short arm, respectively. 10-year DFS rates in the long versus short arm according to nodal status are N0 81% versus 85%; N1-3 77% versus 79%; and N4+ 63% versus 53%. Ten-year OS rates in long versus short arm according to nodal status are N0 89% versus 95%%; N1-3 92% versus 89%; and N4+ 84% versus 64%. The updated analysis of the ShortHER trial shows that 1-year trastuzumab is the standard treatment for patients with HER2+ early BC as noninferiority cannot be claimed. However, numerically, the differences for the patients at low or intermediate risk (N0/N1-3) is negligible, while patients with N4+ have a clear benefit with 1-year trastuzumab.
Sociodemographic Inequities in Telemedicine Use Among US Patients Initiating Treatment in Community Cancer Centers During the Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-2022
Authors: Guadamuz Jenny S. , Wang Xiaoliang , Royce Trevor J. , Calip Gregory S. 
Published: September 2023

PURPOSE Although telemedicine was seen as a way to improve cancer care during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, there is limited information regarding inequities in its uptake. This study assessed sociodemographic factors associated with telemedicine use among patients initiating treatment for 20 common cancers. METHODS This retrospective cohort study used deidentified electronic health record–derived patient data from a nationwide network of community cancer practices, linked to area-level Census information. We included adults (age 18 years and older) who initiated first-line systemic cancer treatment between March 2020 and December 2022 (follow-up through March 2023). Exposures include race/ethnicity, insurance status, and area-level social determinants of health (eg, block group socioeconomic status [SES]). The outcome was telemedicine use within 90 days after treatment initiation. Associations were examined using logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, performance status, stage, and cancer type. RESULTS This study included 36,993 patients (48.6% women; median age, 69 years), of whom 15.1% used telemedicine services. Black (12.2%; odds ratio [OR], 0.78 [95% CI, 0.70 to 0.88]) and uninsured (9.2%; OR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.48 to 0.73]) patients were less likely to use telemedicine services than their White and well-insured counterparts (14.5% and 15.0%, respectively). Patients in rural (9.7%; OR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.46 to 0.57]), suburban (11.8%; OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.61 to 0.74]), and low SES areas (9.9%; OR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.35 to 0.43]) were less also likely to use telemedicine than their counterparts in urban (16.6%) or high SES (21.6%) areas. CONCLUSION Nearly one sixth of patients initiating cancer treatment during the pandemic used telemedicine, but there were substantial inequities. The proliferation of telemedicine may perpetuate cancer care inequities if marginalized populations do not have equitable access.
Aerodynamics of the square-back Ahmed body under rainfall conditions
Authors: Mazellier N. , Obligado M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We report an experimental investigation about the aerodynamics of a simplified road vehicle, the so-called square-back Ahmed body, under rainfall conditions. A particular emphasis is put on the evolution of the body base pressure distribution with respect to the operating conditions. It is found that rainfall significantly damps both mean base pressure drag and wake dynamics in comparison to dry conditions.
Post-Thyroidectomy Development of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Due to Calcium Over-Replacement
Authors: Papalou Olga , Tavernaraki Ekaterini , Tsagarakis Stylianos , Vassiliadi Dimitra Argyro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) represents a distinct neurological entity characterized by a range of neurological signs and symptoms (seizures, headache, visual abnormalities, altered consciousness, and/or focal neurological signs) and typical neuroimaging findings reflecting reversible subcortical vasogenic edema, usually in the setting of blood pressure fluctuations, cytotoxic drugs, autoimmune disorders, and eclampsia. Here we present a case of a 61-year-old woman, with a history of recent total thyroidectomy and postoperative hypoparathyroidism, who was admitted to the Emergency Department with generalized seizures. Although in this clinical setting, hypocalcemia is expected as the most possible underlying pathogenic factor for triggering seizures, the patient was diagnosed with iatrogenic hypercalcemia and milk-alkali syndrome. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated cortical swelling and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal abnormalities in both occipital, parietal, and right frontal lobes, consistent with PRES. The patient’s encephalopathy resolved after resolution of hypercalcemia; she had no neurological deficits on discharge, while she was restarted on lower doses of calcium for hypoparathyroidism. This case illustrates the challenges imposed by postoperative hypoparathyroidism and highlights that PRES is a rare but serious complication of hypercalcemia of which endocrinologists should be aware.
Consensus-Based Development of a Global Registry for Traumatic Brain Injury: Establishment, Protocol, and Implementation
Authors: Joannides Alexis J. , Korhonen Tommi K. , Clark David , Gnanakumar Sujit , Venturini Sara , Mohan Midhun , Bashford Thomas , Baticulon Ronnie , Bhagavatula Indira Devi , Esene Ignatius , Fernández-Méndez Rocío , Figaji Anthony , Gupta Deepak , Khan Tariq , Laeke Tsegazeab , Martin Michael , Menon David , Paiva Wellingson , Park Kee B. , Pattisapu Jogi V. , Rubiano Andres M. , Sekhar Vijaya , Shabani Hamisi K. , Sichizya Kachinga , Solla Davi , Tirsit Abenezer , Tripathi Manjul , Turner Carole , Depreitere Bart , Iaccarino Corrado , Lippa Laura , Reisner Andrew , Rosseau Gail , Servadei Franco , Trivedi Rikin A. , Waran Vicknes , Kolias Angelos , Hutchinson Peter 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Global disparity exists in the demographics, pathology, management, and outcomes of surgically treated traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the factors underlying these differences, including intervention effectiveness, remain unclear. Establishing a more accurate global picture of the burden of TBI represents a challenging task requiring systematic and ongoing data collection of patients with TBI across all management modalities. The objective of this study was to establish a global registry that would enable local service benchmarking against a global standard, identification of unmet need in TBI management, and its evidence-based prioritization in policymaking.

METHODS:
The registry was developed in an iterative consensus-based manner by a panel of neurotrauma professionals. Proposed registry objectives, structure, and data points were established in 2 international multidisciplinary neurotrauma meetings, after which a survey consisting of the same data points was circulated within the global neurotrauma community. The survey results were disseminated in a final meeting to reach a consensus on the most pertinent registry variables.

RESULTS:
A total of 156 professionals from 53 countries, including both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries, responded to the survey. The final consensus-based registry includes patients with TBI who required neurosurgical admission, a neurosurgical procedure, or a critical care admission. The data set comprised clinically pertinent information on demographics, injury characteristics, imaging, treatments, and short-term outcomes. Based on the consensus, the Global Epidemiology and Outcomes following Traumatic Brain Injury (GEO-TBI) registry was established.

CONCLUSION:
The GEO-TBI registry will enable high-quality data collection, clinical auditing, and research activity, and it is supported by the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies and the National Institute of Health Research Global Health Program. The GEO-TBI registry (https://geotbi.org) is now open for participant site recruitment. Any center involved in TBI management is welcome to join the collaboration to access the registry.
Transvenous Embolization of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas Through the Galenic (Deep Venous) System: Multicenter Case Series and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Srinivasan Visish M. , Karahalios Katherine , Colasurdo Marco , Rhodenheiser Emmajane , Scherschinski Lea , Lazaro Tyler T. , Cortez Gustavo , Gross Bradley A. , Kühn Anna Luisa , Puri Ajit , Winkler Ethan A. , Catapano Joshua S. , Akamatsu Yosuke , Thomas Ajith , Hanel Ricardo A. , Wakhloo Ajay , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Kan Peter 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Arteriovenous fistulas involving the deep venous system have often been treated with microsurgery or transarterial embolization. Increasing familiarity with transvenous navigation and improved endovascular access systems may facilitate transvenous embolization (TVE) for these rare and challenging lesions.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective study of neurointerventional databases of 6 high-volume centers. We identified all cases of arteriovenous fistulas with deep transvenous embolizations for arteriovenous fistula. Details regarding demographics, fistula characteristics, treatment considerations, clinical outcomes, and fistula occlusion were obtained and analyzed. The meta-analysis used the same inclusion criteria.

RESULTS:
Seventeen cases of TVE were identified. The most common reasons for TVE included prior treatment failure with microsurgery (n = 2) or transarterial embolization (n = 3) or inaccessible arterial pedicles (n = 4). For patients with full clinical outcome data (n = 14), 2 patients had worsened modified Rankin Scale, 8 patients had no change, and 4 were improved at a median clinical follow-up of 3.5 months. Angiographic obliteration was achieved in 15/17 cases (88.2%). In 1 case, catheterization around a sharp turn in the basal vein of Rosenthal could not be performed. In another case, despite successful TVE, there was residual lesion which was treated 1 year later by microsurgical clipping and excision.

CONCLUSION:
Transvenous approaches for embolization of deep arteriovenous fistulas have become possible with modern endovascular catheter systems and liquid embolics. These lesions can be treated safely and effectively through endovascular approaches, which may spare patients the traversal of deep structures needed for microsurgical approaches to these regions. The outcomes of TVE are comparable with published outcomes of microsurgical interruption.