bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of Patients with Huntington's and Parkinson's Diseases and following Long‐Term Treatment with Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Snapyan Marta , Desmeules Francis , Munro Jonathan , Bérard Morgan , Saikali Stephan , Gould Peter V. , Richer Maxime , Pourcher Emmanuelle , Langlois Mélanie , Dufresne Anne‐Marie , Prud'homme Michel , Cantin Léo , Parent André , Saghatelyan Armen , Parent Martin 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveParkinson's and Huntington's diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal loss. Previous studies using human postmortem tissues have shown the impact of neurodegenerative disorders on adult neurogenesis. The extent to which adult neural stem cells are activated in the subventricular zone and whether therapeutic treatments such as deep brain stimulation promote adult neurogenesis remains unclear. The goal of the present study is to assess adult neural stem cells activation and neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of patients with Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases who were treated or not by deep brain stimulation.MethodsPostmortem brain samples from Huntington's and Parkinson's disease patients who had received or not long‐term deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus were used.ResultsOur results indicate a significant increase in the thickness of the subventricular zone and in the density of proliferating cells and activated stem cells in the brain of Huntington's disease subjects and Parkinson's disease patients treated with deep brain stimulation. We also observed an increase in the density of immature neurons in the brain of these patients.InterpretationOverall, our data indicate that long‐term deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus promotes cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the subventricular zone that are reduced in Parkinson's disease. Taken together, our results also provide a detailed characterization of the cellular composition of the adult human subventricular zone and caudate nucleus in normal condition and in Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases and demonstrate the plasticity of these regions in response to neurodegeneration. ANN NEUROL 2025
Overcoming Dispersion Limitations: A Review of Non‐Zero Dispersion‐Shifted Fiber Designs for Orbital Angular Momentum Mode
Authors: Zhao Wenqian , Wang Yingning , Geng Wenpu , Liu Yuanpeng , Huang Yuxiang , Pan Zhongqi , Yue Yang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, characterized by their helical phase front and annular intensity profile, manifest the spatial distribution information of the electromagnetic field. In fiber–optic communication, implementing OAM modes offers an additional spatial multiplexing dimension, enabling significant capacity increases for communication system. To effectively utilize OAM modes as independent and stable transmission channels, various ring‐core fibers are proposed and fabricated to match the annular intensity distribution of these modes. Among these designs, a series of non‐zero dispersion‐shifted ring‐core fibers (NZDSRF) emerges as a promising approach for dispersion management in OAM‐based transmission. By carefully engineering the dispersion characteristics of the fiber, NZDSRFs can minimize signal pulse broadening, making them more suitable for long‐distance OAM multiplexing systems. This summary presents an overview of various NZDSRF designs and compares their capabilities in dispersion management of OAM modes.
Cu(I)‐Induced G‐Quartets: Robust Supramolecular Polymers Exhibiting Heating‐Induced Aqueous Phase Transitions Into Gel or Precipitate
Authors: Sahu Nihar , Guchhait Chandrakanta , Mohanta Indrajit , Suriyaa Vembanan , Adhikari Bimalendu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCertain proteins and synthetic covalent polymers experience aqueous phase transitions, driving functional self‐assembly. Herein, we unveil the ability of supramolecular polymers (SPs) formed by G4.Cu+ to undergo heating‐induced unexpected aqueous phase transitions. For the first time, guided by Cu+, guanosine (G) formed a highly stable G‐quartet (G4.Cu+)/G‐quadruplex as a non‐canonical DNA secondary structure with temperature tolerance, distinct from the well‐known G4.K+. The G4.Cu+ self‐assembled in water through π‐π stacking, metallophilic and hydrophobic interactions, forming thermally robust SPs. This enhanced stability is attributed to the stronger coordination of Cu+ to four carbonyl oxygens of G‐quartet and the presence of Cu+‐ ‐ ‐Cu+ attractive metallophilic interactions in Cu+‐induced G‐quadruplex, exhibiting a significantly higher interaction energy than K+ as determined computationally. Remarkably, the aqueous SP solution exhibited heating‐induced phase transitions—forming a hydrogel through dehydration‐driven crosslinking of SPs below cloud temperature (Tcp) and a hydrophobic collapse‐induced solid precipitate above Tcp, showcasing a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. Notably, this LCST behavior of G4.Cu+ SP originates from biomolecular functionality rather than commonly exploited thermo‐responsive oligoethylene glycols with supramolecular assemblies. Furthermore, exploiting the redox reversibility of Cu+/Cu2+, we demonstrated control over the assembly and disassembly of G‐quartets/G‐quadruplex and gelation reversibly.
Experimental Characterization of Thermal, Acoustic, Magnetic, and Electrical Properties of Additive Manufactured Composites Reinforced With Ceramic Powders for Robotic Arms
Authors: Özkahraman Merdan , Kayacan Mevlüt Yunus , Kaplan Ali Nadi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAn extensive experimental analysis was conducted to assess the thermal, acoustic, magnetic, and electrical properties of composite materials reinforced with varying ratios of silicon carbide (SiC) and alumina (Al₂O₃) powders, with a focus on enhancing the functionality of robotic arms. This study underscores the innovative potential of these materials for applications in robotics. Mechanical tests showed that composites with 5% SiC and 95% resin achieved a maximum compressive stress of 68 MPa, meeting the structural demands of robotic components. Higher SiC content improved thermal conductivity, reaching 0.25 W/m·K, advantageous for managing heat in robotic joints and actuators. Acoustic testing demonstrated an average sound transmission loss of 20 dB, effectively reducing noise in robotic operations. Additionally, magnetic permeability and electrical permittivity tests revealed that composites with 10% SiC and 90% resin had the highest magnetic energy storage capacity, with a real permeability of 3.5 H/m, providing enhanced electromagnetic shielding. These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing composite materials for robotic arms, demonstrating the importance of experimental validation in developing advanced, multifunctional materials for robotic applications.
Global Value Chains Participation and Air Pollution: Does Digital Economy Matter?
Authors: Zheng Lu , Zhu Jingzhi , Zhao Yuhuan , Qian Zhiling , Zhao Ziyi , Fan Shunan , Zuo Sumin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBased on a panel dataset of 47 countries during 1995–2015, this study investigates the impact of global value chains participation, as measured by position index, on air pollution. The moderating effect of digital economy is also examined. The results show that the increase of global value chains position has a negative impact on air pollution. Heterogeneity analyses show that the increase of forward‐linked production length could mitigate air pollution. The negative impact of global value chains position is reflected in non‐OECD countries, and the impact on CO is stronger than other pollutants. The mechanism analyses show that increased global value chains position mitigates air pollution through industrial structure upgrading and technological progress. The moderating effect analyses reveal that digital economy could strengthen the negative impact, in which digital applications play a key role. Digital economy could also strengthen the path of global value chains position affecting air pollution through industrial structure and technological progress. The results reveal that global value chains position should be improved to promote air pollution control, and different countries should implement differentiated strategies. In particular, it is of great significance for pollution control to promote the transformation and integration of digital achievements with digital applications as the breakthrough.
Hypoxic Cancer Cells‐Derived Exosomes Strengthen the Development of Cancer Stem Cell‐Like Properties Through Delivering LINC00665 in Thyroid Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhou Ming , Peng Chengcheng , Zhang Qiong , Tong Yanchu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHypoxia is a common phenomenon for solid tumors due to a lack of effective vascular system, and has been deemed as an important factor that drives the progression of thyroid cancer (TC) via altering the characteristics of tumor cells. The present study suggested that hypoxic TC cells enhanced cancer stem cell properties and progression of TC by delivering long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 665 (LINC00665)‐containing exosomes. Specifically, TPC1 cells were exposed to normoxic or hypoxic environment, and it was found that hypoxic TPC1 cells‐secreted exosomes (H‐exo) were enriched with LINC00665, compared to normoxic TPC1 cells‐derived exosomes (N‐exo). In addition, by establishing the in vitro exosomes‐TC cells coculture system, we found that in contrast to N‐exo, H‐exo apparently promoted cell proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell properties via delivering LINC00665. This was supported by the in vivo results that H‐exo transferred LINC00665 to promote tumorigenesis and the expression of EMT and stemness‐associated markers in xenograft tumor‐bearing mice models. Further mechanical experiments validated that LINC00665 combined with EPHB4 mRNA to sustain its stability to enhance cancer aggressiveness of TC. Altogether, our findings verified that hypoxic TC cells‐secreted exosomes regulated the LINC00665/EPHB4 axis to enhance cancer stem cell properties of TC, providing novel signatures for TC diagnosis and therapy.
Analysis of Platelet Morphological Parameters as Clinical Risk Stratification in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Xuguang , Huang Zhiwei , Wang Xin , Hao Han , Fan Dali , Cadeiras Martin , Liu Yusheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPlatelet activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Platelet morphological parameters, including MPV, PDW, and P‐LCR, are emerging as biomarkers for predicting the severity of ACS and prognosis.AimsThis study aims to assess the relationship between these parameters and coronary severity and to evaluate their predicting adverse outcomes.MethodsA total of 134 ACS patients and 50 healthy controls were included in this prospective observational study. Platelet morphological parameters (MPV, PDW, and P‐LCR) were measured at admission, and coronary artery lesion severity was determined using the Gensini score from coronary angiography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed the predictive value of these platelet parameters for adverse outcomes, and ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate their diagnostic performance.ResultsMPV, PDW, and P‐LCR were significantly higher in ACS patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). A strong positive correlation was found between platelet parameters and the Gensini score (MPV: r = 0.778, PDW: r = 0.800, P‐LCR: r = 0.761; p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified MPV (OR = 1.807, p < 0.001), PDW (OR = 1.700, p = 0.001), and P‐LCR (OR = 1.287, p < 0.001) as independent predictors of advent prognosis. ROC curve analysis showed that the combined use of MPV, PDW, and P‐LCR provided superior predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.927) compared to the individual parameters.ConclusionElevated platelet morphological parameters are strongly associated with coronary artery lesion severity and serve as independent predictors of adverse outcomes in ACS patients. The combined assessment of MPV, PDW, and P‐LCR enhances risk stratification, offering a valuable tool for guiding therapeutics and improving prognosis in management.
A Rare Presentation of Fahr's Syndrome Associated With Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Najafgholian Simin , Soltani Mahbod , Amirian Sanaz , Pourahmadian Negar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFahr's syndrome (FS) is a rare disorder characterized by intracerebral calcification, presenting with various neuropsychiatric symptoms. This case highlights a rare presentation of FS with secondary hyperparathyroidism. It underscores the importance of comprehensive evaluation of early symptoms, effective use of diagnostic procedures, and proper management of symptoms.
Catalyst Ink Preparation Matters for Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Wang Miao , Chen Junmei , Hu Bihao , Xiao Yukun , Chen Lei , Chen Jingyi , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElectrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2R) offers a promising pathway for closing the carbon cycle. Metallic Cu‐based catalysts are the only materials capable of converting CO2 to C2+ products with significant selectivity and activity. Achieving industrially relevant current densities in CO2R requires the use of gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs), making the structure and properties of the catalyst layer (CL) on GDEs critical to the CO2R performance of Cu catalysts. However, limited research has explored how catalyst ink composition affects CL features and, consequently, CO2R performance under operating conditions. In this study, we investigate the influence of catalyst ink composition on CL structure and morphology, and how these properties affect CO2R performance. We find that the water content in the ink modifies active site density, thickness, and porosity of the CL, as well as the state of the Nafion binder, thereby altering the microenvironment of the active sites during CO2R, including local CO2 concentration and pH. Our results reveal a strong correlation between CO2R performance and the structural characteristics of the CL. Specifically, optimizing the ethanol‐to‐water ratio in the catalyst ink enhances C2+ product selectivity and current density to 75 % and 450 mA cm−2, respectively. This approach provides a simple yet effective strategy to improve CO2R activity and selectivity under practical conditions.
Effect of the presence or absence of a gas–liquid interface on the initiation of liquid phase hydrocarbon oxidation
Authors: Siddiquee Muhammad N. , de Klerk Arno 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe kinetic description often overlooks the initiation of liquid‐phase hydrocarbon autoxidation because of the induction period. The start of oxidation, or oxidation at a low conversion rate, occurs largely in the bulk liquid, which remains near air‐saturated, maintaining a minimal Hatta‐number. At low conversion rates, the oxidation rate still depended on the gas–liquid interface area per unit liquid hydrocarbon volume under similar conditions. Mixing under otherwise similar conditions impacted product selectivity to oxygen and radical–radical additions at the same conversion level. These observations indicated that in an equilibrated reaction system, there was not an equal probability for initiation by O2 at the gas–liquid interface and in the bulk liquid. The purpose of the study was to determine if the presence of a gas–liquid interface affected the initiation of hydrocarbon autoxidation. Reactions were performed using air‐saturated tetralin and indan at 130 and 140°C in systems with and without gas–liquid interface for 1 and 7 days. It was found that at the same conditions, the initiation rate was faster when a gas–liquid interface was present. It was further found that initial product selectivity to oxygen versus radical addition was lower when a gas–liquid interface was present. These results and those from previous studies can be explained if autoxidation initiates faster at the gas–liquid interface than in the bulk liquid at equilibrated conditions. In conclusion, oxygen at the gas–liquid interface has different initiation kinetics, but it does not affect the liquid‐phase hydrocarbon oxidation mechanism.
Green and selective supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil and cannabidiol from Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: Baldino Lucia , Scognamiglio Mariarosa , Reverchon Ernesto 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used to extract cannabis essential oil and cannabinoids from the same matrix by changing decarboxylation conditions and CO2 density. Cannabis essential oil was extracted at 90 bar and 50°C (0.288 g/cm3 CO2 density), and it was mainly composed of α‐pinene, eucalyptol, β‐caryophyllene, and selinene. Subsequently, decarboxylation was carried out on the vegetable matter operating at 105°C for 15 min and, then, at 120°C for 1 h. The largest cannabidiol (2.96% w/w) yield was obtained when SFE was performed at 100 bar and 40°C (0.623 g/cm3 CO2 density). An effective online fractional separation of the extracted compounds was also obtained by SFE, since no cuticular waxes were detected in GC–MS traces of the products of interest. Operating in this way, expensive, time‐consuming, and polluting post‐processing steps of separation were not required, producing a ready‐to‐use extract for the market.
How ESG and Gender Diversity Affect Firm Performance
Authors: Hadisurya Johan , Joni Joni , En Tan Kwang , Setiana Sinta 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure and gender diversity on the board of commissioners on operating and market performance in Indonesia from 2018 to 2022. The sample for this study consisted of 218 listed companies in Indonesia with ESG disclosures. Ordinary least‐squares regression was used to test this affiliation. The generalized moment method was also applied to address the endogeneity problem. This empirical research found that ESG disclosure and gender diversity on the board of commissioners have a positive and statistically significant effect on company performance in a patriarchal society where women experience negative stereotypes regarding their leadership and managerial skills. The results remained consistent after endogeneity testing. The findings of this study have practical implications for academics and policymakers interested in the role of ESG and gender diversity in improving company performance in developing countries, such as mobilizing resources to support ESG and increasing the percentage of women on corporate boards of commissioners. The findings of this study can also help investors decide whether to invest in companies that have implemented ESG in developing countries. This study differs from previous research in that it was conducted in Indonesia, a developing country. Most previous studies have been conducted in developed countries, such as China and Europe. This study examines the associations in Indonesia, which has a distinct corporate governance mechanism called the dual‐board system, and where the patriarchal system still influences corporate governance in Indonesia.
Root functional traits are important predictors for plant resource acquisition strategies in subtropical forests
Authors: Yu Guangcan , Wang Yufang , Li Andi , Wang Senhao , Chen Jing , Mo Jiangming , Zheng Mianhai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntercorrelated aboveground traits associated with costs and plant growth have been widely used to predict vegetation in response to environmental changes. However, whether underground traits exhibit consistent responses remains unclear, particularly in N‐rich subtropical forests. Responses of foliar and root morphological and physiological traits of tree and herb species after 8‐year N, P, and combined N and P treatments (50 kg N, P, N and P ha−1 year−1) were examined in leguminous Acacia auriculiformis (AA) and nonleguminous Eucalyptus urophylla (EU) forests in southern China. N addition did not significantly impact all leaf and root traits except root N concentration per root length. Root traits responded to P addition more than leaf traits in trees; however, both traits responded similarly to P addition in herbs. Tree species deviated from the expected leaf economics spectrum; however, all species aligned with the root economics spectrum. The P and combined N and P treatments significantly altered the position of principal components analysis of root functional traits for herb species compared to the control. However, these changes did not reflect a classic shift in nutrient acquisition strategy within the root economics spectrum. As leguminous species experienced greater P limitation, AA responded more to P addition than EU; their understories indicated no significant differences. This study reveals how plant aboveground and underground traits adapt to nutrient‐rich environments. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating plant underground traits, which show significant and specific responses to nutrient additions, into Earth system models for accurately predicting plant responses to global change.
Effects of exogenous γ‐aminobutyric acid on the growth and cadmium content of lettuce under cadmium‐stress conditions
Authors: Tang Wen , Liang Le , Xu Ke , Yu Xuena , He Min , Xie Yongdong , Li Rulong , Lin Lijin , Huang Zhi , Sun Bo , Sun Guochao , Tu Lihua , Li Huanxiu , Tang Yi 
Published: January 2025

Abstractγ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in plant resistance to abiotic stress, but the mechanisms underlying GABA‐mediated alleviation of Cd stress in leafy vegetables have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of different GABA concentrations on the growth and Cd content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under Cd stress conditions. The results indicate that Cd stress (50 μ mol/L) significantly inhibited lettuce growth, decreased chlorophyll content, and increased osmoregulatory compound content. Under Cd stress conditions, the exogenous application of 1 and 2 g/L GABA significantly increasing lettuce's plant height and biomass. At the same time, application of 1 and 2 g/L GABA reduced the Cd content in the shoots and roots of lettuce, by 4.92%–12.16% compared to Cd treatment alone. In addition, GABA treatment of 1 and 2 g/L also alleviated the decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced the osmoregulatory compound content increase caused by Cd stress, thereby alleviating Cd‐induced oxidative damage. The results of the PCA and correlation analysis indicate that the effects of GABA can be explained by changes in cadmium content, photosynthetic pigment levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Overall, these results provide a reference for the mechanisms underlying the GABA‐mediated reduction in Cd content in lettuce.