bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the relationship between EEG spectral analysis and pre‐sleep cognitive arousal in insomnia disorder: towards an integrated model of cognitive and cortical arousal
Authors: Dressle Raphael J. , Riemann Dieter , Spiegelhalder Kai , Frase Lukas , Perlis Michael L. , Feige Bernd 
Published: February 2023

SummaryAccording to the hyperarousal model, insomnia is characterised by increased arousal in the cortical, cognitive, and physiological domains. However, the interaction between these arousal domains is poorly understood. The present observational case–control study aimed to investigate cortical arousal during the night, pre‐sleep cognitive arousal and the relationship between these two domains. A total of 109 patients with insomnia disorder (ID) and 109 age‐and gender matched healthy controls were investigated on two sleep laboratory nights. Electroencephalographic (EEG) spectral power during non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep was analysed as a measure of cortical arousal. In addition, patients completed the Pre‐Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS), which consists of two subscales, one for cognitive arousal (PSAS‐CA) and one for self‐reported somatic arousal (PSAS‐SA). The relationship between the subscale scores and EEG spectral power was calculated by multi‐ and univariate analyses of variance. During NREM and REM sleep, patients with ID showed significantly increased spectral power in the EEG gamma band. In addition, patients with ID showed significantly increased scores on both subscales of the PSAS. The PSAS‐CA score was significantly associated with increased NREM and REM gamma power, whereas PSAS‐SA was associated with decreases in NREM and REM gamma power. Consistent with our hypothesis, patients with ID showed increased cortical and cognitive arousal. Moreover, there was an association between these two arousal domains, which may indicate that cortical arousal during the night is (at least in part) elicited by pre‐sleep worry and rumination.
Onchocerca sp. in an imported Zangersheide gelding causing suspensory ligament desmitis
Authors: Brown Kara A. , Johnson Amy L. , Bender Susan J. , Nolan Thomas J. , Pfisterer Bianca , Slack JoAnn , Willis Elinor , Rule Emily K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA 5‐year‐old imported Zangersheide gelding was evaluated for SC swellings over both forelimbs and lameness localized to the distal metacarpus. Ultrasound examination of the SC masses was compatible with verminous granulomas. Linear hyperechoic foci were present within the suspensory ligament branches of both forelimbs, suggestive of ligamentous parasitic infiltrates. A diagnosis of onchocerciasis was confirmed on biopsy of a SC mass. The gelding was treated with ivermectin and a tapering course of PO dexamethasone but was eventually euthanized. Necropsy confirmed the presence of SC eosinophilic granulomas and degenerative suspensory ligament desmitis, both with intralesional nematodes. Given the location and appearance of the nematode, a diagnosis of Onchocerca sp., most likely O. reticulata, was made. Onchocerciasis should be included as a differential diagnosis for multifocal suspensory ligament desmitis with these sonographic characteristics when paired with SC masses in imported European Warmbloods.
“Bad philosophy” and “derivative philosophy”: Labels that keep women out of the canon
Authors: Connell Sophia M. , Janssen‐Lauret Frederique 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEfforts to include women in the canon have long been beset by reactionary gatekeeping, typified by the charge “That's not philosophy.” That charge doesn't apply to early and mid‐analytic female philosophers—Welby, Ladd‐Franklin, Bryant, Jones, de Laguna, Stebbing, Ambrose, MacDonald—with job titles like lecturer in logic and professor of philosophy and publications in Mind, the Journal of Philosophy, and Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society. It's hopeless to dismiss their work as “not philosophy.” But comparable reactionary gatekeeping affects them, this paper argues, typified by the labels “bad philosophy” and “derivative philosophy.” Virtue and vice epistemology help explain why these women have been neglected and why their own approaches are epistemically virtuous. Their contemporaries and historians are deficient in scholarly virtues in labelling these women's work “bad” or derived from male mentors with no or specious justification. Their disparaged qualities—intellectual humility, modesty, critical self‐reflection, disclosing biases—are often epistemic virtues.
Steroid phobia on social media platforms
Authors: Nickles Melissa A. , Coale Austin T. , Henderson William Jeremiah A. , Brown Kaylah E. , Morrell Dean S. , Nieman Elizabeth L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTopical corticosteroids (TCS) are the most commonly prescribed treatment for children with atopic dermatitis and are supported by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) atopic dermatitis treatment guidelines with level I strength A evidence; however, fear regarding their use, coined “steroid phobia,” is widespread. In this study, we analyzed steroid phobia‐related content on popular social media platforms. We found much of this content consists of patients describing negative personal experiences with TCS and subsequently discouraging viewer use. We conclude that social media may contribute to steroid phobia, and we hope that our study motivates dermatologists with social media platforms to combat common misconceptions surrounding TCS use.
Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium proliferatum isolates from symptomless onions (Allium cepa) and onions with Fusarium basal rot
Authors: Haapalainen Minna , Kuivainen Emmi , Iivonen Sari , Niemi Mari , Latvala Satu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSeveral Fusarium species cause disease in onion (Allium cepa), resulting in significant yield losses. In this study, isolates of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium proliferatum from diseased and symptomless mature onion bulbs were tested for pathogenicity on onion seedlings and mature bulbs. For F. oxysporum isolates, the outcome of the test on mature bulbs correlated well with the symptom status of the original bulb, whereas for F. proliferatum, such a correlation was not seen, suggesting a different mechanism of symptom development. Those F. oxysporum isolates that carried the Secreted In Xylem (SIX) genes, CRX genes and C5 gene were significantly more aggressive on both seedlings and mature bulbs. However, the SIX‐negative F. oxysporum isolates also significantly reduced the emergence of onion seedlings, and thus a division into pathogenic and nonpathogenic F. oxysporum isolates was not obvious. On mature bulbs, those SIX‐negative isolates that carried the gene CRX2 were significantly more virulent than those without CRX2. The F. proliferatum isolates were all pathogenic to onion and carried one SIX2 gene homologue, SIX2‐1. The majority of F. proliferatum isolates also carried another homologue, SIX2‐2. Several isolates negative for SIX2‐2 had another potential virulence gene, CRX2, suggesting that these two genes could encode overlapping functions. The SIX2‐2 sequence was identical in all those isolates harbouring it, while SIX2‐1 showed variation that agreed with the phylogeny based on the translation elongation factor 1‐α sequence. This suggests that the two SIX2 genes of F. proliferatum might have been acquired separately.
The adoption of culturally contentious innovations: The case of citizen oversight of police
Authors: Ali Mir Usman 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCultural contentiousness is defined as an attribute of innovation due to which it encounters resistance because of its incompatibility with hegemonic cultural assumptions. I argue that culturally contentious innovations are likely to be adopted when antecedents have productive symbolic force, i.e., they reveal contradictions between dominant cultural assumptions and the material outcomes of existing institutions or empower social actors to resolve such contradictions. However, antecedents with incapacitative symbolic force tend to obfuscate the above contradictions or decrease social actors’ capacity to resolve them, encouraging the adoption of less contentious innovation. Applying these arguments to citizen oversight agencies (COAs) for the police, I examine the antecedents of contentious (i.e., investigative) as opposed to less contentious (non‐investigative) COAs. In support of the above argument, I find that productive antecedents (e.g., a consent decree, an increase in civil rights nonprofits) are associated with adopting investigative COAs. In contrast, incapacitative antecedents (e.g., a Law Enforcement Officer Bill of Rights, an increase in the violent crime rate) are associated with adopting non‐investigative COAs. The findings broadly demonstrate that policy adoption scholars ought to distinguish policies in terms of cultural contentiousness and account for the symbolic force of antecedents. Further theoretical contributions are discussed.
An Adaptive Direct Evaporative Cooler That Regulates the Sub-Ambient Temperature by Controlling the Evaporation Rate
Authors: Zhong Yetao , Fang Zhen , Cao Boyu , Wu Shigang , Fan Xiaochun , Xia Zhilin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the development of technology, people are demanding more comfort in their lives, leading to an increasing demand for space cooling. The traditional cooling process produces a great amount of energy consumption and carbon emission, which puts tremendous pressure on the environment. Direct evaporative cooling technology is a good choice for reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. However, most of the current direct evaporative coolers offer excellent cooling performance at any temperature, whether the space needs to be cooled or heated. The unwanted evaporation cooling at low temperature will increase the heating energy consumption of air conditioners. Here, an adaptive evaporative cooling structure that can intelligently adjust the evaporative cooling ability according to the ambient temperature is proposed. The structure consists of temperature-sensitive hydrogel (prepared by chemical synthesis), perforated polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and silica coating (prepared by screen printing and hot pressing technology), and the evaporation rate of the cooler is regulated by both the hydrogel and the porous membrane. The cooler can maintain high-efficiency cooling performance during the hot time, while suppressing the cooler's overcooling behavior at low temperatures to achieve more efficient energy savings. When the ambient temperature is higher than 36 °C, its cooling capacity can reach 10 °C. And when the temperature is lower than 18 °C, it can inhibit the temperature difference to less than 1 °C. This cooler structure has important application prospects in these fields such as building, automobile, and personal wearable device. It can substantially reduce the energy consumption and environmental pollution.
Dolomite cement microstratigraphy: A record of brine evolution and ore precipitation mechanisms, upper Knox Group, Tennessee and Kentucky, USA
Authors: Kyle J. Richard , Quintero Thomas R. , Ukar Estibalitz , Miller Nathan R. , Elliott Sara J. , Colbert Matthew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTrace element changes in fluids associated with ore-forming events in sedimentary basins may be recorded by contemporaneous cements, especially zoned carbonate minerals (microstratigraphy). Cement analysis using advanced mapping and analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy cathodoluminescence (SEM-CL), charge contrast imaging, high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (XCT), and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) documents geochemical changes associated with Mississippi Valley–type mineralization in solution-collapse breccias of the Cambrian–Ordovician Knox Group (Tennessee and Kentucky, USA). Dolomite cement zonation coincident with changes in Fe and Mn can be observed with optical microscope CL in bands as narrow as 5 µm, whereas panchromatic SEM-CL reveals microfractures and cement subzones coincident with changes in La and Ce concentrations in bands as narrow as 0.1 µm. XCT scans image a high-density (Fe-rich) dolomite zone at the onset of late sulfide precipitation. The transition from pre-ore to ore-stage cementation is marked by increased Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ga, Pb, and Sr and decreased La and Ce concentrations. Fine-scale metal depletion cycles during this transition may record metal precipitation from brine in response to the availability of reduced sulfur. Except for Fe and Mn, post-ore dolomite zones generally have low metal concentrations. Thus, dolomite microstratigraphy tracks systematic changes in brine metal concentrations modified by episodes of localized sulfide mineral precipitation.
Delayed timing of physical therapy initiation increases the risk of future opioid use in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a real-world cohort study
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Neogi Tuhina , Peloquin Christine , Marinko Lee , Camarinos James , Aoyagi Kosaku , Felson David T , Dubreuil Maureen 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveWe assessed whether late versus early initiation of physical therapy (PT) was related to greater risk of future opioid use in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) who receive PT.MethodsWe used Commercial and Medicare Advantage claims data from 1999 to 2018 from American adults with incident knee OA referred for PT within 1 year of diagnosis. We categorised people as opioid naïve or opioid experienced based on prior prescriptions. We examined the association of timing of PT initiation with any and chronic opioid use over 1 year.ResultsOf the 67 245 individuals with incident knee OA, 35 899 were opioid naïve and 31 346 were opioid experienced. In the opioid naïve group, compared with PT within 1 month, PT 1 to <3, 3 to <6, 6 to <9, 9–12 months from diagnosis was associated with adjusted risk ratio (aRR (95% CIs)) for any opioid use of 1.18 (1.10 to 1.28), 1.49 (1.37 to 1.61), 1.73 (1.58 to 1.89) and 1.93 (1.76 to 2.12), respectively; aRRs (95% CIs) for chronic opioid use were 1.25 (1.01 to 1.54), 1.83 (1.48 to 2.26), 2.29 (1.82 to 2.89) and 2.50 (1.96 to 3.19). Results were similar among opioid experienced; aRRs (95% CIs) for any opioid use were 1.19 (1.14 to 1.24), 1.32 (1.26 to 1.37), 1.39 (1.32 to 1.45) and 1.54 (1.46 to 1.61); aRRs (95% CIs) for chronic opioid use were 1.25 (1.17 to1.34), 1.43 (1.33 to 1.54), 1.53 (1.41 to 1.66) and 1.65 (1.51 to 1.80).ConclusionCompared with PT initiation within 1 month, delayed PT initiation was associated with higher risk of opioid use in people with incident knee OA. The longer the delay in PT initiation, the greater was the risk.
Generation of TGFβR2(-1) neoantigen-specific HLA-DR4-restricted T cell receptors for cancer therapy
Authors: Plewa Natalia , Poncette Lucia , Blankenstein Thomas 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAdoptive transfer of patient’s T cells, engineered to express a T cell receptor (TCR) with defined novel antigen specificity, is a convenient form of cancer therapy. In most cases, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I-restricted TCRs are expressed in CD8+T cells and the development of CD4+T cells engineered to express an MHC II-restricted TCR lacks behind. Critical is the choice of the target antigen, whether the epitope is efficiently processed and binds with high affinity to MHC molecules. A mutation in the transforming growth factor β receptor 2 (TGFβR2(-1)) gene creates a frameshift peptide caused by the deletion of one adenine (-1) within a microsatellite sequence. This somatic mutation is recurrent in microsatellite instable colorectal and gastric cancers and, therefore, is a truly tumor-specific antigen detected in many patients.MethodsABabDR4 mice, which express a diverse human TCR repertoire restricted to human MHC II molecule HLA-DRA/DRB1*0401 (HLA-DR4), were immunized with the TGFβR2(-1) peptide and TGFβR2(-1)-specific TCRs were isolated from responding CD4+T cells. The TGFβR2(-1)-specific TCRs were expressed in human CD4+T cells and their potency and safety profile were assessed by co-cultures and other functional assays.ResultsWe demonstrated that TGFβR2(-1) neoantigen is immunogenic and elicited CD4+T cell responses in ABabDR4 mice. When expressed in human CD4+T cells, the HLA-DR4 restricted TGFβR2(-1)-specific TCRs induced IFNy expression at low TGFβR2(-1) peptide amounts. The TGFβR2(-1)-specific TCRs recognized HLA-DR4+lymphoblastoid cells, which endogenously processed and presented the neoantigen, and colorectal cancer cell lines SW48 and HCT116 naturally expressing the TGFβR2(-1) mutation. No MHC II alloreactivity or cross-reactivity to peptides with a similar TCR-recognition motif were observed, indicating the safety of the TCRs.ConclusionsThe data suggest that HLA-DR4-restricted TCRs specific for the TGFβR2(-1) recurrent neoantigen can be valuable candidates for adoptive T cell therapy of a sizeable number of patients with cancer.
Predictive biomarkers for PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitor response in NSCLC: an analysis of clinical trial and real-world data
Authors: So WeiQing Venus , Dejardin David , Rossmann Eva , Charo Jehad 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMany biomarkers have been proposed to be predictive of response to anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). However, conflicting observations and lack of consensus call for an assessment of their clinical utility in a large data set. Using a combined data set of clinical trials and real-world data, we assessed the predictive and prognostic utility of biomarkers for clinical outcome of CPI in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsRetrospective cohort study using 24,152 patients selected from 71,850 patients with advanced NSCLC from electronic health records and 9 Roche atezolizumab trials. Patients were stratified into high and low biomarker groups. Correlation with treatment outcome in the different biomarker groups was investigated and compared between patients treated with CPI versus chemotherapy. Durable response was defined as having complete response/partial response without progression during the study period of 270 days.ResultsStandard blood analytes (eg, albumin and lymphocyte) were just prognostic, having correlation with clinical outcome irrespective of treatment type. High expression of PD-L1 on tumors (≥50% tumor cell staining) were specifically associated with response to CPI (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.30; p<0.001). The association was stronger in patients with non-squamous than squamous histology, with smoking history than non-smokers, and with prior chemotherapy than first-line CPI. Higher tumor mutational burden (TMB) (≥10.44 mut/Mb) was also specifically associated with durable response to CPI (OR=0.40; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.54; p<0.001). The combination of high TMB and PD-L1 expression was the strongest predictor of durable response to CPI (OR=0.04; 95% CI 0.00 to 0.18; p<0.001). There was no significant association between PD-L1 or TMB levels with response to chemotherapy, suggesting a CPI-specific predictive effect.ConclusionsStandard blood analytes had just prognostic utility, whereas tumor PD-L1 and TMB specifically predicted response to CPI in NSCLC. The combined high TMB and PD-L1 expression was the strongest predictor of durable response. PD-L1 was also a stronger predictor in patients with non-squamous histology, smoking history or prior chemotherapy.
Practical, epistemic and normative implications of algorithmic bias in healthcare artificial intelligence: a qualitative study of multidisciplinary expert perspectives
Authors: Aquino Yves Saint James , Carter Stacy M. , Houssami Nehmat , Braunack-Mayer Annette , Win Khin Than , Degeling Chris , Wang Lei , Rogers Wendy A 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThere is a growing concern about artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare that can disadvantage already under-represented and marginalised groups (eg, based on gender or race).ObjectivesOur objectives are to canvas the range of strategies stakeholders endorse in attempting to mitigate algorithmic bias, and to consider the ethical question of responsibility for algorithmic bias.MethodologyThe study involves in-depth, semistructured interviews with healthcare workers, screening programme managers, consumer health representatives, regulators, data scientists and developers.ResultsFindings reveal considerable divergent views on three key issues. First, views on whether bias is a problem in healthcare AI varied, with most participants agreeing bias is a problem (which we call the bias-critical view), a small number believing the opposite (the bias-denial view), and some arguing that the benefits of AI outweigh any harms or wrongs arising from the bias problem (the bias-apologist view). Second, there was a disagreement on the strategies to mitigate bias, and who is responsible for such strategies. Finally, there were divergent views on whether to include or exclude sociocultural identifiers (eg, race, ethnicity or gender-diverse identities) in the development of AI as a way to mitigate bias.Conclusion/significanceBased on the views of participants, we set out responses that stakeholders might pursue, including greater interdisciplinary collaboration, tailored stakeholder engagement activities, empirical studies to understand algorithmic bias and strategies to modify dominant approaches in AI development such as the use of participatory methods, and increased diversity and inclusion in research teams and research participant recruitment and selection.
Pacritinib abrogates the lupus phenotype in ABIN1[D485N] mice
Authors: Petrova Tsvetana , Figueras-Vadillo Clara , Nanda Sambit K , Scudamore Cheryl , Cohen Philip 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate whether the IRAK1/JAK2/Flt3 inhibitor pacritinib prevents disease development in the lupus-prone ABIN1[D485N] knock-in mouse.MethodsABIN1[D485N] knock-in mice aged 8 weeks were fed for 10 weeks on a diet containing pacritinib. Body weight was monitored, and serum collected at the end to measure pacritinib, autoantibody and immunoglobulin levels. Splenic immune cell populations were analysed, and the kidney, liver and lungs examined for pathology.ResultsPacritinib prevented multiple facets of the lupus phenotype in ABIN1[D485N] knock-in mice, including splenomegaly, expansion of splenic germinal centre B cells, follicular T helper cells, and neutrophils, elevated serum levels of double-stranded DNA antibodies and immunoglobulins, glomerular IgA and lung inflammation.ConclusionsPacritinib may be useful for the treatment of multiorgan inflammation in patients with lupus.