bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Federal Test Procedure (FTP75) driving cycle performance for PMSM‐fed hybrid electric vehicles using artificial neural network
Authors: Kakodia Sanjay Kumar , Dyanamina Giribabu 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe sensorless speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is gaining popularity in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications leading to its enhanced safety, reliability, and cost savings. Speed control using vector control for PMSM‐fed HEV requires the speed encoder. When the speed sensor information fails, the inverter must ensure power delivery to the PMSM continuously by estimating the speed; this mode of operation is referred as limp‐home mode in HEV. In this paper, a speed sensorless scheme has been proposed for PMSM‐based HEV during limp‐home mode operation. This paper presents a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed estimator based on an adaptive neural network controller (NNC) for speed estimation of PMSM. In the HEV application, in case of speed/position encoder failure, the speed of the PMSM can be estimated by stator flux using stator current.The proposed method employs stator currents in the reference model to eliminate the DC drift problem. Furthermore, the NNC is employed in the adaptation mechanism to improve the Federal Test Procedure (FTP75) driving cycle performance. The performance of the proposed control scheme has been validated with dSPACE 1104 R & D rapid development controller using vector control for the PMSM during variable speed and torque, including the zero‐speed applications
METTL3‐stabilized super enhancers‐lncRNA SUCLG2‐AS1 mediates the formation of a long‐range chromatin loop between enhancers and promoters of SOX2 in metastasis and radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Hu Xinyu , Wu Jianfeng , Feng Yong , Ma Hongxia , Zhang Erbao , Zhang Chang , Sun Qi , Wang Tingting , Ge Yizhi , Zong Dan , Chen Wei , He Xia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSuper enhancers (SE) play pivotal roles in cell identity and diseases occur including tumorigenesis. The depletion of SE‐associated lncRNA transcripts, also known as super‐lncRNA, causes the activity of SE to be dysregulated.MethodsWe screened and identified an elevated metastasis‐associated SE‐lncRNA SUCLG2‐AS1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) using RNA‐sequencing, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and bioinformatics. Western blotting, RT‐qPCR, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), RNA immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA pull‐down and 3C (chromosome conformation capture assays) were used for mechanistic studies.ResultsSUCLG2‐AS1 was correlated with a poor prognosis. SUCLG2‐AS1 promotes NPC cell invasion and metastasis while repressing apoptosis and radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, high SUCLG2‐AS1 expression occurred in an m6A‐dependent manner. SUCLG2‐AS1 was found to be located in the SE region of SOX2, and it regulated the expression of SOX2 via long‐range chromatin loop formation, which via mediating CTCF (transcription factor) occupied the SE and promoter region of SOX2, thus regulating the metastasis and radiosensitivity of NPC.ConclusionsTaken together, our data suggest that SUCLG2‐AS1 may serve as a novel intervention target for the clinical treatment of NPC.
Combining aperiodic 1/f slopes and brain simulation: An EEG/MEG proxy marker of excitation/inhibition imbalance in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Martínez‐Cañada Pablo , Perez‐Valero Eduardo , Minguillon Jesus , Pelayo Francisco , López‐Gordo Miguel A. , Morillas Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAccumulation and interaction of amyloid‐beta (Aβ) and tau proteins during progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are shown to tilt neuronal circuits away from balanced excitation/inhibition (E/I). Current available techniques for noninvasive interrogation of E/I in the intact human brain, for example, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), are highly restrictive (i.e., limited spatial extent), have low temporal and spatial resolution and suffer from the limited ability to distinguish accurately between different neurotransmitters complicating its interpretation. As such, these methods alone offer an incomplete explanation of E/I. Recently, the aperiodic component of neural power spectrum, often referred to in the literature as the ‘1/f slope’, has been described as a promising and scalable biomarker that can track disruptions in E/I potentially underlying a spectrum of clinical conditions, such as autism, schizophrenia, or epilepsy, as well as developmental E/I changes as seen in aging.METHODSUsing 1/f slopes from resting‐state spectral data and computational modeling, we developed a new method for inferring E/I alterations in AD.RESULTSWe tested our method on recent freely and publicly available electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) datasets of patients with AD or prodromal disease and demonstrated the method's potential for uncovering regional patterns of abnormal excitatory and inhibitory parameters.DISCUSSIONOur results provide a general framework for investigating circuit‐level disorders in AD and developing therapeutic interventions that aim to restore the balance between excitation and inhibition.
New methods for estimating the total wing area of birds
Authors: Fu Hellen (Yi) , Su Michelle , Chu Jonathan J. , Margaritescu Alexandra , Claramunt Santiago 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDispersal is a fundamental process in evolution and ecology. Due to the predominant role of flight in bird movement, their dispersal capabilities can be estimated from their flight morphology. Most predictors of flight efficiency require an estimate of the total wing area, but the existing methods for estimating wing area are multi‐stepped and prone to compounding error. Here, we validated a new method for estimating the total wing area that requires only the measurement of the wingspan plus two measurements from the folded wings of study skin specimens: wing length and wing width. We demonstrate that the new folded‐wing method estimates total wing area with high precision across a variety of avian groups and wing shapes. In addition, the new method performs as well as the old method when used to estimate natal dispersal distances of North American birds. The folded‐wing method will allow for estimates of the total wing to be readily obtained from thousands of specimens in ornithological collections, thus providing critical information for studies of flight and dispersal in birds.
Synthesis of Alkynyl Sulfides: Alkynyl Trifluoromethyl Sulfides and Thiocyanates
Authors: Zeng Chunling , Yuan Zhiwen , Jiao Yinchun , Peng Lifen , Tang Zilong , Xu Xinhua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSulfur‐containing alkynes, are important starting materials and intermediates in organic reactions. Some of sulfur‐containing alkynes display interesting bioactivities and are potentially applied as drugs. Various synthetic methodologies towards sulfur‐containing alkynes have been developed, including C(sp)−S coupling, thiolation, S‐alkynylation, trifluoromethylthiolation, etc. In this review, the approaches towards alkynyl sulfides in recent 3 years, as well as to form alkynyl trifluoromethyl sulfides and alkynylthiocyanates were highlighted. Firstly, the property and application of alkynes were introduced. After presenting the superiority of sulfur‐containing alkynes, their synthetic methods were classified and presented in details. According to different kinds of sulfur‐containing alkynes, synthetic methodologies for alkynyl sulfides, alkynyl trifluoromethyl sulfides and alkynylthiocyanates were summarized and the proposed reaction mechanisms were demonstrated if available.
Distribution of SOFC thermal stress via helium gas (He) based cooling system
Authors: Fahs Imad‐Eddine , Ghassemi Majid , Fahs Hussein 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSome electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells, transforms chemical energy to electricity. The main issue of SOFC's is the thermal stress caused by high operating temperature (700–1000°C). Thermal stress leads to crack initiation and propagation that in turn leads to gas leakage, structure instability and abrupt termination of the fuel cell (estimated in our previous work; 1.5% displacement of cathode electrode and the lifetime decreases by 40%–50%). The purpose of the current study is to show the influence of helium gas cooling system on SOFC cell performance. Using the coupled governing nonlinear differential equations, heat transfer, fluid flow, mass transfer, mass continuity, tortuosity effects and momentum. An in‐house computer code based on finite element method (FEM), computational structural mechanics, and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was utilized. The temperature and stress distribution are calculated using the Navier–Stokes thermo‐fluid, Darcy and energy models. The Results demonstrate that there is a high thermal stress and displacement in the absence of He gas cooling system, but in the case of He cooling system, thermal stress is much less and no displacement is noticed, which leads to an increase of the fuel cell's lifetime up to 35%–40%.
Regional variation of spectral parameters for seismic design from broadband probabilistic seismic hazard analysis
Authors: Weatherill Graeme A. , Danciu Laurentiu 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe characterisation of the seismic hazard input is a critical element of any seismic design code, not only in terms of the absolute levels of ground motion considered but also of the shape of the design spectrum. In the case of Europe, future revisions of the seismic design provisions, both at a national and a pan‐European level, may implement considerable modifications to the existing provisions in light of recent seismic hazard models, such as the 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model. Constraint of the shape of the long‐period design spectrum from seismic hazard estimates on such a scale has not been possible, however, owing to the limited spectral period range of existing ground motion models. Building upon recent developments in ground motion modelling, the 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model is adapted here with a new ground motion logic tree to provide a broadband Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for rock sites across a spectral period range from 0.05 seconds to 10.0 seconds. The resulting uniform hazard spectra (UHS) are compared against existing results for European and broadband Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis and against a proposed formulation of a generalised design spectrum in which controlling parameters can be optimised to best fit the uniform hazard spectra in order to demonstrate their variability on a European scale. Significant variations in the controlling parameters of the design spectrum are seen both across and within stable and active regions. These trends can help guide recalibrations of the code spectra in future revisions to seismic design codes, particularly for the longer‐period displacement spectrum.
Seismic damage analysis due to near‐fault multipulse ground motion
Authors: Chen Guan , Yang Jiashu , Wang Ruohan , Li Kaiqi , Liu Yong , Beer Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNear‐fault pulse‐like ground motion is a significant class of seismic records since it tends to cause more severe damage to structures than ordinary ground motions. However, previous researches mainly focus on single‐pulse ground motions. The multipulse ground motions that exist in records receive rare attention. In this study, an analysis procedure is proposed to investigate the effect of multipulse ground motions on structures by integrating finite element analysis and an identification method that features each pulse in the multipulse ground motion satisfying the same evaluation criteria. First, the Arias intensity, wavelet‐based cumulative energy distribution, and response spectra of identified non‐, single‐, and multipulse ground motions are compared. Then, the seismic damage on frame structures, a soil slope, and a concrete dam under non‐, single‐, and multipulse ground motions are analyzed. Results show that the spectral velocity of multipulse ground motions is significantly greater than those of non‐ and single‐pulse ground motions and potentially contains multiple peaks in the long‐period range. Seismic damage evaluation indicates that the maximum interstory drift of frame structures with high fundamental periods under multipulse ground motions is about twice that of nonpulse ground motions. Similar characteristics also exist in the soil slope and the concrete dam. Therefore, multipulse ground motions potentially cause more severe damage to structures compared to non‐ and single‐pulse ground motions. The findings of this study facilitate the recognition of the increased seismic demand imposed by the multipulse ground motion in engineering practices, provide new possibilities for ground motion selection in seismic design validation, and shed new light on seismic hazard and risk analysis in near‐fault regions.
Transition from an adolescent to an adult eating disorder treatment centre: A qualitative investigation of the experience of inpatients with anorexia nervosa and their carers using interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Scanferla Elisabetta , Seryer Sabrina , Pachoud Bernard , Gorwood Philip 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo capture the subjective experience of eating disorder patients and their immediate family members in the transition between adolescent and adult treatment services and to explore how both groups make sense of this specific experience.DesignQualitative study in the form of in‐depth interviews using interpretative phenomenological analysis.SettingsParticipants were recruited from a university department of a large psychiatric hospital specialising in eating disorders between July 2021 and September 2022.ParticipantsA convenience sample of 18 participants was recruited, including 12 patients aged 19–30 years (m = 22.5, SD = 3.8) and six of their respective caregivers.ResultsFour main themes were identified in relation to the participants' experience of transition to adult care: (1) the detailed description of the transition process, (2) the emotions associated with this experience, (3) the challenges encountered and (4) recommendations for improving the process. Two fundamental meaning‐making processes emerged: the feeling of being "lost in transition" and the opportunity to "become an adult". The results highlighted the factors that characterise this experience for patients and their families, and the need for practical and psychological support during the transition process.ConclusionsThis study provides a unique insight into the experience of patients and their immediate family members regarding the transition from adolescent to adult care. It reveals the multidimensional impact of the transition experience and highlights the need for increased support for family members. These findings may provide new insights into interventions that promote successful transition and encourage rethinking the organisation of this crucial stage of the care pathway.
Estimation of heat release rate based on analysis of flame spread behavior in mattresses
Authors: Park Kye‐Won , Mizuno Masayuki , Cho Chang‐Geun , Jeong Jong‐Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo investigate the fire danger of mattresses, combustion experiments were conducted with a mattress installed at different heights above the floor to better understand their combustion behavior. The installation height was varied because the height of a mattress varies depending on the bed frame, and the combustion behavior is expected to change with the installation height. Experiments with a mattress installed at 0–515 mm above the floor revealed that the fire growth was faster, and the maximum heat release rate (HRR) increased with installation height. In contrast, in a series of experiments where a mattress was installed above a water pool, the flame spread rates and HRR histories were comparable for all installation heights. This demonstrate that the combustion behavior of the mattress was affected by the combustion of the molten mattress material that dropped to the floor, and this effect was influenced by the mattress installation height. Furthermore, we analyzed the HRR per unit area of mattress construction material using cone calorimeter tests to mimic the combustion taking place on the floor. Combining these results with the relation between the length of the burning part of a mattress at the front of flame spread and the HRR, we proposed a model for predicting the HRR history of mattress for a flame ignition at the center of its longitudinal side. The derived predictive model for the HRR history of mattress combustion emphasize that it is necessary to understand factors such as the intense radiant heat from the pool fire.
Optimized extraction technology of glutathione from ‘Haidao 86’ germ rice by response surface methodology
Authors: Ye Shengquan , Huang Junmei , Wu Wenlong , Chen Jianping , Zhong Saiyi , Qiu Guang , Zhang Wei , Chen Ru , Liu Yijun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlutathione is an important functional component of ‘Haidao 86’, which has many important physiological functions in organisms and is widely used in medicine and other industries. In this study, the effects of four extraction methods (hot water extraction, formic acid extraction, ethanol extraction, and sulfuric acid extraction) on the yield of glutathione in ‘Haidao 86’ germ powders were studied by high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the yield of glutathione in hot water extraction was the highest. The effects of material–liquid ratio, temperature, pH, and time on the extraction rate of glutathione from ‘Haidao 86’ were investigated by single‐factor experiment and Box–Behnken combined experiment. The results showed that the order of influence on GSH yield was pH, temperature, material–liquid ratio, and time, and the interaction of extraction time and pH had a significant influence on glutathione yield of ‘Haidao 86’ germ powders. The optimum parameters for hot water extraction of glutathione from ‘Haidao 86’ germ powders were determined as follows: material–liquid ratio of 1:12, pH value of 2.8, temperature of 84.9°C, time of 14 min, and the extraction rate of glutathione was 139.68 mg/100 g. It provided the scientific proof for the development and industrial production of functional products of ‘Haidao 86’.
Use of dill extracts as a natural preservative on shelf‐life extension of rainbow trout croquettes during refrigerator storage
Authors: Caglak Emre , Karsli Baris 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, changes in quality parameters of rainbow trout croquettes treated with dill extracts obtained by brewing (BDA) and distillation (DDA) methods were investigated during 61 days of refrigerated storage (+2 ± 1°C). Physicochemical, microbial, and sensory parameters of the rainbow trout croquettes were analyzed once every 4 days. It was observed that the precooking process and additives influenced the nutrient composition and color change of the croquettes. Total volatile base nitrogen and thiobarbituric acid values did not exceed the limit values in any group during refrigerated storage and these values were found as 23.10 ± 0.89 mg/100 g and 3.13 ± 0.08 mg MDA/kg in the control group (C), 21.00 ± 0.92 mg/100 g and 2.77 ± 0.14 mg MDA/kg in BDA group, and 21.70 ± 0.92 mg/100 g and 2.85 ± 0.07 mg MDA/kg in DDA group, respectively. Extract treatments, especially DDA, resulted in a significant reduction in the counts of total aerobic mesophilic and psychotropic bacteria in trout croquettes compared to the control group. It was determined that the sensory scores of all croquette groups decreased during storage and the acceptability scores of the C, BDA, and DDA groups reached on the 33rd, 57th, and 61st days of storage, respectively. According to the results, this work demonstrated that the dill extracts both distilled and brewed can be used as a natural additive to improve the quality and extend the shelf life of rainbow trout croquettes.
Electrohydrodynamic capillary instability of Rivlin–Ericksen viscoelastic fluid film with mass and heat transfer
Authors: Awasthi Mukesh Kumar , Dutt Nitesh , Kumar Ashwani , Kumar Sunil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of viscous fluids and a Rivlin–Ericksen (R‐E) viscoelastic fluid interface under the influence of heat and mass transfer, while both fluids are exposed to an axial electric field. The fluids are restricted within an annular region that is enclosed by two rigid cylinders. The outer section of the annular region holds the R‐E viscoelastic fluid, while the inner section is filled with the viscous fluid. To ascertain the correlation between perturbation growth and wavenumber, the theory of potential flow on viscoelastic–viscous fluids is applied, and the result is represented as a second‐order polynomial. This correlation is numerically solved using the Newton–Raphson method. Variables of viscous flow, such as electric field strength, heat transfer coefficient, viscoelasticity, viscosity, and so forth, are numerically studied. With an increase in electric field strength, the perturbation growth decays and expands for the particular combinations of permittivity and conductivity ratio, showing the dual effect of the axial electric field.
Empiric antibiotics for peripartum bacteremia: A chart review from a quaternary Canadian centre
Authors: Mohn Sarah F. , Reimer Renee , Mar Nicole , Katelieva Angela , Paquette Vanessa , Albert Arianne Y. K. , Roberts Ashley , Tilley Peter , McClymont Elisabeth , Ting Joseph , Boucoiran Isabelle , Elwood Chelsea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of empiric antibiotic protocols for peripartum bacteremia at a quaternary institution by describing incidence, microbial epidemiology, clinical source of infection, susceptibility patterns, and maternal and neonatal outcomes.MethodsRetrospective chart review of peripartum patients with positive blood cultures between 2010 and 2018.ResultsThe incidence of peripartum bacteremia was 0.3%. The most cultured organisms were Escherichia coli (51, 26.7%), Streptococcus spp. (52, 27.2%), and anaerobic spp. (35, 18.3%). Of the E. coli cases, 54.9% (28), 19.6% (10), and 19.6% (10) were resistant to ampicillin, first‐ and third‐generation cephalosporins, respectively. Clinical sources of infection included intra‐amniotic infection/endometritis (115, 67.6%), upper and/or lower urinary tract infection (23, 13.5%), and soft tissue infection (8, 4.7%). Appropriate empiric antibiotics were prescribed in 137 (83.0%) cases. There were 7 ICU admissions (4.2%), 18 pregnancy losses (9.9%), 9 neonatal deaths (5.5%), and 6 cases of neonatal bacteremia (3.7%).ConclusionPeripartum bacteremia remains uncommon but associated with maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Current empiric antimicrobial protocols at our site remain appropriate, but continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns is critical given the presence of pathogens resistant to first‐line antibiotics.