bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is ulnar shortening osteotomy or the wafer procedure better for ulnar impaction syndrome?: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ha Joong Won , Kwon Young Woo , Lee Sujung , Lim Hyunsun , Lee Jinho , Lim Chae Kwang , Lee Jun-Ku 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Wrist pain on the ulnar side is often caused by ulnar impaction syndrome (UIS). Idiopathic UIS requires surgical treatment when conservative treatment fails. The 2 main surgical procedures used are the wafer procedure and ulnar shortening osteotomy (USO) of the metaphysis or diaphysis. This review aimed to analyze comparative studies of the 2 procedures in UIS to determine clinical outcomes and complications.

Methods:
One prospective and 5 retrospective comparison trials were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. The primary outcomes were treatment effectiveness; pain visual analog scale (VAS), disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score, Mayo wrist, and Darrow scores. The incidence of postoperative complications formed the secondary outcome.

Results:
The selected studies included 107 patients who underwent the wafer procedure (G1) and 117 patients who underwent USO (G2). The wafer procedure had the benefits of less postoperative immobilization and an early return to work. However, there were no significant differences in the postoperative pain improvement and functional scores. All 6 studies reported high total complication rates and reoperation with USO. The most frequent complication was implant-related discomfort or irritation; subsequent plate removal was the most common reason for a secondary operation.

Conclusions:
There was no difference in pain improvement or the postoperative functional score between the groups. Nevertheless, postoperative complications were the major pitfalls of USO. As the specialized shortening system advances further, a high-level study will be necessary to determine the surgical option in UIS.
HMBS gene mutations and hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity in acute intermittent porphyria: A systematic review
Authors: Li Shuang , Lei Jia-Jia , Dong Bai-Xue , Ren Yi , Yang Jing 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is caused by a partial deficiency of hydroxymethylbilane synthase and affects heme biosynthesis. Mutations in the HMBS gene result in HMBS deficiency. AIP is a rare disease, and there been insufficient studies on it. This report describes the molecular epidemiology of HMBS gene defects and hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity levels in classical AIP.

Methods:
Databases of PubMed, CNKI, and Wang Fang Database were searched for eligible studies to investigate HMBS gene mutations in peripheral blood samples and HMBS activity in erythrocytes of patients with classical AIP. Relevant studies published up to July 15, 2023, from several databases were independently searched and selected by 2 reviewers. Accuracy data and relevant information were extracted from each eligible study by 2 independent researchers and analyzed using statistical software.

Results:
After pooling the accuracy data from 232 patients of the 15 eligible studies, 90.5% (210/232) of AIP patients had decreased erythrocyte hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity (<70%), and 96 different mutations were identified in 232 patients, including 33 missense (34.4%), 27 splice (28.1%), 19 deletion (19.8%), 8 nonsense (8.3%), 9 insertion (9.4%) mutations. Residual enzyme activities (%) for different groups of type were expressed using mean and 95% confidence interval (95% CI): missense (51.2, 48.5–53.9), splice (57.5, 52.0–59.1), deletion (54.9, 50.7–59.1), nonsense (52.2, 44.4–60.0), insertion (53.2, 47.4–59.0), group analysis P = .17. Subgroups of missense mutations, domain 1 (50.2, 46.0–54.4), domain 2 (52.8, 49.1–56.4), and domain 3 (49.2, 38.3–60.0), Subgroup analysis, P = .62.

Conclusion:
Different mutation types and mutation positions are not associated with the level of hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity. Erythrocyte hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity is often reduced to half of normal in patients with AIP, and the enzyme activity assay has a high diagnostic value in AIP. AIP is highly molecularly heterogeneous, with missense mutations being the most common, followed by splice mutations. R173W and G111R are high-frequency mutations and have been found in multiple families from different countries.
Elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation versus submuscular plate fixation of pediatric femur shaft fractures in school age patients: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Donglai , Xu Zihang , Shi Tao , Zhong Hui , Xie Yuting , Chen Junjie 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Studies of clinical outcomes that compare the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) with the submuscular plate (SMP) were controversial. The meta-analysis was performed to summarize existing evidence, aiming to determine whether ESIN was superior to SMP in pediatric femur shaft fractures.

Methods:
Search strategies followed the recommendations of the Cochrane collaboration. Electronic searches such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane were systematically searched for publications concerning ESIN and SMP from the inception date to March 2023. Two investigators independently searched, screened, and reviewed the full text of the article. Disagreements generated throughout the process were resolved by consensus, and if divergences remain, they were arbitrated by a third author.

Results:
This study included 8 articles, comprising a total of 561 patients with a similar baseline. Compared to the SMP, the ESIN had shorter operation time (mean difference = −16.16; 95% CI = −22.83 to −9.48, P < .00001), and less intraoperative blood loss (mean difference = −53.62; 95% CI = −58.89 to −48.36, P < .00001), but had a higher incidence of implant irritation (odds ratio [OR] = 6.49; 95% CI = 3.01 to 13.98, P < .0001), lower limb malalignment (OR = 2.60; 95% CI = 1.12 to 6.04, P = .96) and overall complications(OR = 4.14; 95% CI = 2.51 to 6.84, P < .0001). And there was no significant difference in radiation time, length of hospital stay, limb length discrepancy, infection rate, delayed union rate and unplanned revised surgery rate (P > .05).

Conclusions:
Compared to the SMP, the ESIN offers shorter operative time, and less blood loss. However, the SMP is superior to ESINs in complication rates, especially regarding implant irritation and malalignment. Both methods could achieve excellent satisfactory functional outcomes. Thus, the SMP is an alternative choice in the pediatric femur shaft fracture.
Small intestinal adenocarcinoma accompanied by lynch syndrome: A case report
Authors: Yoon Kyoung Won , Jo Jaemin , Lee Donghyoun 
Published: September 2023

Rationale:
Lynch syndrome is caused by germline mutations of DNA mismatch repair genes. A significant risk increase for several types of cancer is one of the characteristics of lynch syndrome.

Patient concerns:
A 45-year-old female presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain that had persisted for a month.

Diagnoses:
The abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scan showed edematous and thickening of the proximal small bowel wall, as well as dilatation of the proximal bowel and stomach.

Interventions:
Tumor resection of the small bowel was performed, and adenocarcinoma was confirmed pathologically. Microsatellite instability was also confirmed.

Outcomes:
Postoperative imaging revealed soft tissue lesions with potential for tumor seeding. Two months after the first surgery, a secondary surgery was performed as a result of cancer recurrence. The patient received chemotherapy with capecitabine. The latest computed tomography scan, performed 19 months after the cessation of chemotherapy, did not show any recurrence.

Lessons:
In the rare incidence of small bowel cancer genetic mutation testing and detailed family history should be actively considered.
Association of Pooled Fecal Microbiota on Height Growth in Children According to Enterotypes
Authors: Park Sunmin , Kang Suna 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
The association between fecal microbiota and height in children has yielded conflicting findings, warranting further investigation into potential differences in fecal bacterial composition between children with short stature and those of standard height based on enterotypes (ETs).

Methods:
According to the height z score for age and gender, the children were categorized into normal-stature (NS; n = 335) and short-stature (SS; n = 152) groups using a z score of −1.15 as a separator value. The human fecal bacterial FASTA/Q files (n = 487) were pooled and analyzed with the QIIME 2 platform with the National Center for Biotechnology Information alignment search tool. According to ETs, the prediction models by the machine learning algorithms were used for explaining SS, and their quality was validated.

Results:
The proportion of SS was 16.4% in ET Enterobacteriaceae (ET-E) and 68.1% in Prevotellaceae (ET-P). The Chao1 and Shannon indexes were significantly lower in the SS than in the NS groups only in ET-P. The fecal bacteria related to SS from the prediction models were similar regardless of ETs. However, in network analysis, the negative correlations between fecal bacteria in the NS and SS groups were much higher in the ET-P than in the ET-E. In the metagenome function, fecal bacteria showed an inverse association of biotin and secondary bile acid synthesis and downregulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1-driven phosphoinositide 3-kinase Akt signaling and AMP-kinase signaling in the SS group compared with the NS group in both ETs.

Conclusion:
The gut microbial compositions in children were associated with height. Strategies to modify and optimize the gut microbiota composition should be investigated for any potential in promoting height in children.
Nulliparous Women's Expectations and Experiences of Early Labor
Authors: Heelan-Fancher Lisa , Moore Simas Tiffany A. , Mazzawi Julianne , Dumont Tina , Edmonds Joyce K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To describe the expectations of early labor by nulliparous pregnant women in their third trimester and first-time mothers' experiences of early labor after they had given birth.

Study Design and Methods:
A descriptive qualitative approach involving semi-structured, video-call interviews conducted between September 2020 and April 2021. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results:
Twenty-two women took part in this study. Only 3 of the 10 nulliparous pregnant participants reported pain as an expected symptom of early labor. There were two themes identified from interviews with pregnant participants: Desire to stay at home in early labor and Lack of knowledge and two themes from interviews from postpartum participants: Expectations didn't match experiences and Feelings of anxiety and uncertainty during early labor.

Clinical Implications:
Nulliparous women lack knowledge of and skills to effectively cope with pain during early labor while at home. There is a need for an innovative labor support program for childbearing women to remain safely at home in early labor.
Contrast Agent Reflux in Transvaginal 4-D Hysterosalpingo-Contrast Sonography
Authors: Yang Ping , Zhong Yue , Zhang Chao , Zhang Yaping , Fan Xu , Shi Hong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Transvaginal 4-D hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (TV 4-D HyCoSy) plays an important role in the detection and diagnosis of clinical female infertility. The purposes of this study were to analyze the influencing factors of TV 4murD HyCoSy complicated with contrast agent reflux and to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Female patients diagnosed as infertility by transvaginal hysterosalpingography from January 2021 to December 2022 were included. The characteristics of patients with and without contrast agent reflux were evaluated. Pearson correlation and logistic regression were conducted to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of contrast reflux. A total of 416 patients undergoing TV 4-D HyCoSy were included, and the incidence of contrast agent reflux in patients undergoing TV 4-D HyCoSy was 38.94%. Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that history of uterine cavity operation (r = 0.556), adenomyosis of uterus (r = 0.584), examination on less than 5 days after menstruation (r = 0.602), endometrial thickness (r = 0.566), and endometrial polyps (r = 0.575) are all correlated with contrast agent reflux in patients undergoing 4-D HyCoSy (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that history of uterine cavity operation (odds ratio [OR], 1.109; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.012–1.872), adenomyosis of uterus (OR, 2.026; 95% CI, 1.864–2.425), examination on less than 5 days after menstruation (OR, 2.465; 95% CI, 2.118–2.851), endometrial thickness less than 6 mm (OR, 2.866; 95% CI, 2.095–2.957), and endometrial polyps (OR, 1.587; 95% CI, 1.137–1.744) were the influencing factors of contrast agent reflux in patients undergoing (all P < 0.05). The incidence of contrast agent reflux in TV 4-D HyCoSy is high, and there are many influencing factors. Clinical medical workers should take early measures based on these influencing factors to reduce the contrast agent reflux.
Estimating limit of detection of M.tuberculosisDNA as an analyte released from a chemically coated solid matrix and using a WHO-approved CB-NAAT platform
Authors: Goyani Krishna H. , Mukhopadhyaya Pratap N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe limit of detection of Mtb (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) bacilli was evaluated by detection of released DNA from a chemically treated cellulose matrix. Loopful of the Mtb cells were suspended in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), DNA extracted from it and quantified using a commercial Mtb real time PCR quantitation kit. Synthetic sputum, prepared using acrylamides as the matrix of choice was mixed with defined number of Mtb bacilli and spotted onto the cellulose matrix. Mtb DNA from the matrix was released into a DNA-release buffer and detected using a WHO-approved CB-NAAT detection platform. One hundred and fifty, 500 and 1000 but not 10 Mtb bacilli/mL of synthetic sputum could be detected by this protocol. The result underlined the potential of cellulose matrix as a potent, room temperature, Mtb-infected sputum transportation, storage and DNA-release device for sensitive detection of Mtb usingMtb Xpert Ultra CB-NAATas the WHO-approved Mtb test of choice.
Integrating Shear Flow and Trypsin Treatment to Assess Cell Adhesion Strength
Authors: Patel Antra , Bhavanam Bhavana , Keenan Trevor , Maruthamuthu Venkat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCell adhesion is of fundamental importance in cell and tissue organization, and for designing cell-laden constructs for tissue engineering. Prior methods to assess cell adhesion strength for strongly adherent cells using hydrodynamic shear flow either involved the use of specialized flow devices to generate high shear stress or used simpler implementations like larger height parallel plate chambers that enable multi-hour cell culture but generate low shear stress and are hence more applicable for weakly adherent cells. Here, we propose a shear flow assay for adhesion strength assessment of strongly adherent cells that employs off-the-shelf parallel plate chambers for shear flow as well as simultaneous trypsin treatment to tune down the adhesion strength of cells. We implement the assay with a strongly adherent cell type and show that shear stress in the 0.07 to 7 Pa range is sufficient to dislodge the cells with simultaneous trypsin treatment. Imaging of cells over a square centimeter area allows cell morphological analysis of hundreds of cells. We show that the cell area of cells that are dislodged, on average, does not monotonically increase with shear stress at the higher end of shear stresses used and suggest that this can be explained by the likely higher resistance of high circularity cells to trypsin digestion. The adhesion strength assay proposed can be easily adapted by labs to assess the adhesion strength of both weakly and strongly adherent cell types and has the potential to be adapted for substrate stiffness-dependent adhesion strength assessment in mechanobiology studies.
Reducing the vicissitudes of heterologous prochiral substrate catalysis by alcohol dehydrogenases through machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ghatak Arindam , Shanbhag Anirudh P. , Datta Santanu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) encompass three distinctive superfamilies: medium-chain dehydrogenase (MDRs), short-chain dehydrogenase (SDRs), and iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenases. MDRs and SDRs have pivotal roles in converting pro-pharmaceutical ketones into chiral alcohols, serving as active pharmaceutical intermediate catalysts in industries. Nevertheless, the pursuit of aligning enzymes to a one enzyme-one substrate paradigm is intricate and resource-intensive. This study undertook the catalysis of 284 antibacterial ketone intermediates, yielding distinct patterns for both MDRs and SDRs. We endeavored to leverage machine learning to discriminate between compounds subjected to the influence of these superfamilies. To this end, we curated a dataset comprising 33 features, encompassing 4 descriptors for each compound. Subsequently, an ensemble of machine learning techniques, including Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) regression, was harnessed. Furthermore, the assimilation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) augmented precision and accuracy, refining compound classification and intensifying differentiation and demarcation within diverse compound classes. As such, this classification strategy emerged as a potent approach for discerning substrates amenable to diverse alcohol dehydrogenases, thereby mitigating the reliance on high-throughput screening in identifying the optimal enzyme for specific substrate preferences.
“My doctor self and my human self”: A qualitative study of physicians’ presentation of self on social media
Authors: Maggio Lauren A. , Céspedes Lucía , Fleerackers Alice , Royan Regina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhen using social media, physicians are encouraged and trained to maintain separate professional and personal identities. However, this separation is difficult and even undesirable, as the blurring of personal and professional online presence can influence patient trust. Thus, to develop policies and educational resources that are more responsive to the blurring of personal and professional boundaries on social media, this study aims to provide an understanding of how physicians present themselves holistically online.Methods28 physicians based in the United States that use social media were interviewed. Participants were asked to describe how and why they use social media, specifically Twitter (rebranded as “X” in July 2023), which is especially popular among physicians. Interviews were complimented by data from participants’ Twitter profiles. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis guided by Goffman’s theory of presentation of self. This theory uses the metaphor of a stage to characterize how individuals attempt to control the aspects of the identities—orfaces—they display during social interactions.ResultsWe identified seven faces presented by the participants. Participants crafted and maintained these faces through discursive choices in their tweets and profiles, which were motivated by their perceived audience. We identified overlaps and tensions that arise at the intersections of faces, which posed professional and personal challenges for participants.ConclusionsPhysicians strategically emphasize their more professional or personal faces according to their objectives and motivations in different communicative situations, and tailor their language and content to better reach their target audiences. While tensions arise in between these faces, physicians still prefer to project a rounded, integral image of themselves on social media. This suggests a need to reconsider social media policies and related educational initiatives to better align with the realities of these digital environments.
Effects of Six Weeks of Supervised Telerehabilitation on Pulmonary Function, Functional Capacity, and Dyspnoea among individuals with Long COVID
Authors: Al Mheiri Alya , Girish Srilatha , Amaravadi Sampath Kumar 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundLong COVID, characterized by persistent symptoms post-COVID-19, presents challenges like reduced functional capacity, pulmonary function, and dyspnea. Telerehabilitation, a remote healthcare approach, is gaining attention for its potential to address these issuesObjectivesThe study aims to determine the effect of telerehabilitation on functional capacity by six-minute walk test (MWT), pulmonary function by pulmonary function test (PFT), dyspnea by modified medical research council (mMRC) and level of physical activity by Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) in individuals with long COVID.Materials and MethodsAt Al Ain Hospital, UAE, a 6-week telerehabilitation program for Long COVID patients aged 18-75 was studied using single-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Pre and post assessments included 6MWT, PFT, mMRC, and GPAQ. The study also monitored technical issues and session adherence.ResultsParticipants had an average age of 49.30 ± 15.46, height of 163.80 ± 9.76, and weight of 78.70 ± 15.58, with a gender ratio of 12 females to 8 males. After six weeks of telerehabilitation, significant improvements were seen in the 6MWT (21% improvement) and PFT (4% FVC increase, 8% FEV1 increase, 1% FEV1/FVC increase, and 11% PEF increase). mMRC scale scores post-rehabilitation were significantly lower, indicating substantial improvement in dyspnea levels with clinical significance.ConclusionThis approach has shown tangible benefits in enhancing functional capacity, pulmonary function, reducing dyspnea, and improving physical activity levels among individuals with Long COVID. The results of the study demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a telerehabilitation program for individuals with Long
Engineered retrons generate genome-independent protein-binding DNA for cellular control
Authors: Lee Geonhu , Kim Jongmin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDNA-protein interactions are core components of myriad natural and synthetic gene networks. Despite the potential new design space, DNA-protein interactions remain underexploited in vivo due to challenges in controlling specific DNA segments, including protein-binding sequences, independently of the genome. Here we engineer retrons, prokaryotic retroelements, to intracellularly generate genome-independent programmable small DNA for sequence-specific protein-binding. Using reprogrammed retron-derived DNA for allosteric transcription factor, we demonstrated dynamic regulation of synthetic gene networks and construction of automated feedback circuits for signal amplification, adaptation, and memory. Furthermore, we developed a new class of stimuli-responsive molecular “bait and prey” that enable modular, rapid, and post-translational control of protein subcellular localization. This work substantially expands possible application area of DNA-protein interactions, laying the foundation for technical advances in synthetic biology.One-Sentence SummaryWe demonstrate new ways to control, design, and exploit DNA-protein interactions in living cells using engineered retron-generated small DNA.