bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAMD9 Promotes Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Stimulating MYH9‐Mediated GSK3β/β‐Catenin Signaling
Authors: Li Qing , Luo Hao , Dai Fu‐Qiang , Wang Ren‐Tao , Fan Xiao‐Qing , Luo Yuan‐Yuan , Deng Meng‐Sheng , Wang Yulun , Long Tan , Guo Wei , Xu Bo , Xu Cheng‐Xiong , Jin Hua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecurrence is a challenge to survival after the initial treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). But, its mechanism remains elusive and there are currently no biomarkers to predict postoperative recurrence. Here, the possibility of sterile alpha motif domain‐containing protein 9 (SAMD9) as a predictor of postoperative recurrence of ESCC is evaluated and the molecular mechanisms by which SAMD9 promotes ESCC recurrence are elucidated. The authors found that the high level of SAMD9 is correlated with postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis of ESCC. Overexpression of SAMD9 promotes tumor stemness, angiogenesis, and EMT, while downregulation of SAMD9 reduced these phenotypes. Mechanistically, it is found that SAMD9 stimulated ubiquitination‐mediated glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK‐3β) degradation by interaction with myosin‐9 (MYH9) and TNF receptor‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6), which in turn activated Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Further, the authors demonstrated that silencing SAMD9 inhibited lung metastasis and tumor formation in vivo. Finally, the authors found that silencing MYH9 or β‐catenin, or overexpressing GSK‐3β inhibited SAMD9‐stimulated ESCC cell stemness, EMT, angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumorigenicity. Together, the findings indicate that the SAMD9/MYH9/GSK3β/β‐catenin axis promotes ESCC postoperative recurrence and that SAMD9 is a crucial target for ESCC therapy. Additionally, SAMD9 has the potential as a predictor of postoperative recurrence in ESCC.
Effects of Nonthermal Radiofrequency Stimulation on Neuronal Activity and Neural Circuit in Mice
Authors: Hao Yanhui , Liu Weiqi , Liu Yujie , Liu Ying , Xu Zhengtao , Ye Yumeng , Zhou Hongmei , Deng Hua , Zuo Hongyan , Yang Hong , Li Yang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhether the nonthermal effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) exist and how nonthermal RFR acts on the nervous system are unknown. An animal model of spatial memory impairment is established by exposing mice to 2856‐MHz RFR in the range of thermal noise (≤1 °C). Glutamate release in the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) CA1 region is not significantly changed after radiofrequency exposure, whereas dopamine release is reduced. Importantly, RFR enhances glutamatergic CA1 pyramidal neuron calcium activity by nonthermal mechanisms, which recover to the basal level with RFR termination. Furthermore, suppressed dHPC dopamine release induced by radiofrequency exposure is due to decreased density of dopaminergic projections from the locus coeruleus to dHPC, and artificial activation of dopamine axon terminals or D1 receptors in dHPC CA1 improve memory damage in mice exposed to RFR. These findings indicate that nonthermal radiofrequency stimulation modulates ongoing neuronal activity and affects nervous system function at the neural circuit level.
Human RSPO1 Mutation Represses Beige Adipocyte Thermogenesis and Contributes to Diet‐Induced Adiposity
Authors: Sun Yingkai , Zhang Juan , Hong Jie , Zhang Zhongyun , Lu Peng , Gao Aibo , Ni Mengshan , Zhang Zhiyin , Yang Huanjie , Shen Juan , Lu Jieli , Xue Wenzhi , Lv Qianqian , Bi Yufang , Zeng Yi Arial , Gu Weiqiong , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing , Liu Ruixin , Wang Jiqiu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent genetic evidence has linked WNT downstream mutations to fat distribution. However, the roles of WNTs in human obesity remain unclear. Here, the authors screen all Wnt‐related paracrine factors in 1994 obese cases and 2161 controls using whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and identify that 12 obese patients harbor the same mutations in RSPO1 (p.R219W/Q) predisposing to human obesity. RSPO1 is predominantly expressed in visceral fat, primarily in the fibroblast cluster, and is increased with adiposity. Mice overexpressing human RSPO1 in adipose tissues develop obesity under a high‐fat diet (HFD) due to reduced brown/beige fat thermogenesis. In contrast, Rspo1 ablation resists HFD‐induced adiposity by increasing thermogenesis. Mechanistically, RSPO1 overexpression or administration significantly inhibits adipocyte mitochondrial respiration and thermogenesis via LGR4–Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Importantly, humanized knockin mice carrying the hotspot mutation (p.R219W) display suppressed thermogenesis and recapitulate the adiposity feature of obese carriers. The mutation disrupts RSPO1's electrostatic interaction with the extracellular matrix, leading to excessive RSPO1 release that activates LGR4–Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and attenuates thermogenic capacity in differentiated beige adipocytes. Therefore, these findings identify that gain‐of‐function mutations and excessive expression of RSPO1, acting as a paracrine Wnt activator, suppress fat thermogenesis and contribute to obesity in humans.
Lymphocyte Membrane‐ and 12p1‐Dual‐Functionalized Nanoparticles for Free HIV‐1 Trapping and Precise siRNA Delivery into HIV‐1‐Infected Cells
Authors: Zhang Jinbang , Han Jingwan , Li Hui , Li Zhengyang , Zou Pengfei , Li Jiaxin , Zhao Te , Che Junwei , Yang Yang , Yang Meiyan , Wang Yuli , Gong Wei , Li Zhiping , Li Lin , Gao Chunsheng , Xiao Haihua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite the success of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in clinical settings and its potential value in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy, the rapid clearance and absence of precise delivery to target cells still hinder the therapeutic effect of siRNA. Herein, a new system, which can escape immune recognition, has HIV‐1 neutralizing capacity, and the ability to deliver siRNA specifically into HIV‐1‐infected cells, is constructed by functionalizing siRNA delivery lipid nanoparticles with the lymphocyte membrane and 12p1. The constructed system is shown to escape uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system. The constructed system exhibits strong binding ability with gp120, thus displaying distinguished neutralizing breadth and potency. The constructed system neutralizes all tested HIV‐1 pseudotyped viruses with a geometric mean 80% inhibitory concentration (IC80) of 29.75 µg mL−1 and inhibits X4‐tropic HIV‐1 with an IC80 of 64.20 µg mL−1, and R5‐tropic HIV‐1 with an IC80 of 16.39 µg mL−1. The new system also specifically delivers siRNA into the cytoplasm of HIV‐1‐infected cells and exhibits evident gene silencing of tat and rev. Therefore, this new system can neutralize HIV‐1 and deliver siRNA selectively into HIV‐1‐infected cells and may be a promising therapeutic candidate for the precise therapy of HIV.
Enhanced Dispersive Waves Generation via Sinusoidally Spectral Phase‐Modulated Pulses
Authors: Li Hao‐Zhe , Cai Wang‐Yang , Fan Dian‐Yuan , Zhang Li‐Fu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe dispersive waves (DWs) emitted from a Gaussian pulse with an initial sinusoidally spectral phase (SSP) modulation are investigated. By tailoring the modulation depth and frequency, the SSP results in complex pulses shape with a multipulses structure ranging from Airy‐like to pulse sequences having controllable delay and phase. These salient features are able to control and enhance the radiation frequency and energy conversion efficiency of the DWs. The resonant frequencies based on a modified phase‐matching condition are given, which agree with the numerical results obtained by solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation directly. The results not only further extend the application of the pulse shaping technology in fiber optics, but also provide an alternative approach to manipulate the process of DWs emission which is relevant to the generation broadband supercontinuum as well as frequency comb.
Synthesis and Post‐Processing of Chemically Homogeneous Nanothreads from 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid**
Authors: Dunning Samuel G. , Chen Bo , Zhu Li , Cody George D. , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Zhang Dongzhou , Strobel Timothy A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompared with conventional, solution‐phase approaches, solid‐state reaction methods can provide unique access to novel synthetic targets. Nanothreads—one‐dimensional diamondoid polymers formed through the compression of small molecules—represent a new class of materials produced via solid‐state reactions, however, the formation of chemically homogeneous products with targeted functionalization represents a persistent challenge. Through careful consideration of molecular precursor stacking geometry and functionalization, we report here the scalable synthesis of chemically homogeneous, functionalized nanothreads through the solid‐state polymerization of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid. The resulting product possesses high‐density, pendant carboxyl functionalization along both sides of the backbone, enabling new opportunities for the post‐synthetic processing and chemical modification of nanothread materials applicable to a broad range of potential applications.
Theoretical Studies of Mutual Effects between 6‐m‐r Hemiketalization and 26‐m‐r Lactonization in Pimaricin Thioesterase
Authors: Jiang Chuchu , Zhou Yucong , Tao Wentao , Ji Shunjia , Mao Yong , Shi Ting , Zheng Jianting , Bai Linquan , Zhao Yi‐Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPimaricin is a small polyene macrolide antibiotic and has been broadly used as an antimycotic and antiprotozoal agent in both humans and foods. As a thioesterase in type‐I polyketide synthase, pimTE controls the 26‐m‐r macrolide main chain release in pimaricin biosynthesis. In this work, we sought to determine whether the 6‐m‐r hemiketal formation was linked to pimTE‐catalyzed 26‐m‐r lactonization. Compared to non‐hemiketal TEs, pimTE is characterized by an aspartic acid residue (D179) accessible to the U‐turn motif in the acyl‐enzyme intermediate. Both the covalent docking and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the reactive conformations for macrocyclic lactonization are drastically promoted by the 6‐m‐r hemiketal. Moreover, the small‐model quantum mechanistic calculations suggest that protic residues can significantly accelerate the 6‐m‐r hemiketal cyclization. In addition, the post‐hemiketal molecular dynamic simulations demonstrate that hydrogen‐bonding networks surrounding the substrate U‐turn of the hairpin‐shaped conformation changes significantly when the 6‐m‐r hemiketal is formed. In particular, the R‐hemiketal intermediate is not only catalyzed by the D179 residue, but also twists the hairpin structure to the 26‐m‐r lactonizing pre‐reaction state. By contrast, the S‐hemiketal formation is unlikely catalyzed by D179, which twists the hairpin in an opposite direction. Our results propose that pimTE could be a bi‐functional enzyme, which can synergistically catalyze tandem 6‐m‐r and 26‐m‐r formations during the main‐chain release of pimaricin biosynthesis.
Fully Bio‐based Poly(ketal‐ester)s by Ring‐opening Polymerization of a Bicylcic Lactone from Glycerol and Levulinic Acid
Authors: Zhou Tong , Meng Xian‐Bin , Du Fu‐Sheng , Li Zi‐Chen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA fully renewable bio‐based bicyclic lactone containing a five‐membered cyclic ketal moiety, 7‐methyl‐3,8,10‐trioxabicyclo[5.2.1]decan‐4‐one (TOD), was synthesized through a two‐step acid‐catalyzed process from glycerol and levulinic acid. The ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of TOD at 30°C with benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator and 1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene (TBD) as the catalyst can afford high molar mass PTOD with a cis‐2.4‐disubstitued 2‐methyl 1,3‐dioxolane moiety in its repeating unit. PTOD is an amorphous polymer with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 13°C. It can be hydrolyzed into structurally defined small molecules under acidic or basic conditions by the selective cleavage of either the cyclic ketal or the ester linkage respectively. The TBD‐catalyzed copolymerization of L‐lactide (L–LA) and TOD at −20°C was investigated. It was confirmed that L–LA polymerized quickly with racemization to form PLA, followed by a slow incorporation of TOD into the formed PLA chains via transesterification. By varying the feed ratios of L–LA to TOD, a series of random copolymers (PLA‐co‐PTOD) with different TOD incorporation ratios and tunable Tgs were obtained. Under acidic conditions, PLA‐co‐PTOD degrades much faster than PLA via the selective cleavage of the cyclic ketal linkages. This work provides insights for the development of more sustainable and acid‐accelerated degradable alternatives to aliphatic polyesters.
Infrared‐to‐visible conversion in strontium sulphate through a defect‐based infrared stimulated visible emission phenomenon
Authors: Sharma Bhumika , Deshmukh Pratik , Satapathy Srinibas , Majumder Shovan Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStrontium sulphate (SrSO4) is a defect‐based photoluminescence material, generally used in thermoluminescence applications, and has been studied for infrared (IR) stimulated visible emission. The SrSO4 particles were synthesized using a precipitation method. The orthorhombic phase of SrSO4 was confirmed from the X‐ray diffraction pattern and the formation of micron‐sized particles was authenticated from field emission scanning electron micrographs. The elemental composition of oxygen and strontium was determined using energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis measurement that confirmed the presence of
and
intrinsic defects in the material. Photoluminescence investigations showed the presence of various defect bands in the band gap giving rise to intrinsic luminescence in SrSO4. The emission in the visible region was attributed to the defect band arising due to
. Photoluminescence lifetime measurement confirmed the presence of stable defect states with a lifetime in microseconds. The SrSO4 sample was tested using IR lasers and a red–orange emission spot was observed from the powder sample when excited with IR lasers. The underlying principle for IR‐to‐visible conversion in the material is a defect‐mediated phenomenon that has been described through the energy level diagram of the material.
Lower cognitive function attenuates the convergence between self‐ratings and observer ratings of depressive symptoms in late‐life cognitive impairment
Authors: Kwak Seyul , Kim Hairin , Oh Dae Jong , Jeon Yeong‐Ju , Oh Da Young , Park Su Mi , Lee Jun‐Young 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesAssessment of depressive symptoms in older adults is challenging especially in the presence of risks in cognitive impairment. We aimed to examine whether the convergence between two measures of depressive symptoms (self‐report and observer ratings) is affected by varying levels of cognitive function in older adults.MethodsSelf‐reported scale of depression, informant‐based rating of affective symptoms, and global cognitive function were assessed in 2533 older adults with no impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. The strength of rank‐order correlation between the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and behavioral ratings of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was examined as the metric of convergent validity.ResultsThe results showed that the strength of convergence between the two measurements gradually decreased as a function of lowered cognitive function. Overall tendency showed that diagnoses of cognitive impairment and lower levels of cognitive function were associated with lower correspondence between the two depression measurements. The loss of convergent validity is especially evident in the behavioral symptom of apathy.ConclusionsUtilizing self‐report scales of depression in older adults requires a cautious approach even with minimal or mild levels of cognitive impairment.
Liposome–trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles codeliver insulin and siVEGF to treat corneal alkali burns by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Xiong Xiaojing , Jiang Huiting , Liao Yukun , Du Yangrui , Zhang Yu , Wang Zhigang , Zheng Minming , Du Zhiyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlkali burns are potentially blinding corneal injuries. Due to the lack of available effective therapies, the prognosis is poor. Thus, effective treatment methods for corneal alkali burns are urgently needed. Codelivery nanoparticles (NPs) with characteristics such as high bioavailability and few side effects have been considered effective therapeutic agents for ocular diseases. In this study, we designed a new combination therapy using liposomes and trimethyl chitosan (TMC) for the codelivery of insulin (INS) and vascular endothelial growth factor small interfering RNA (siVEGF) to treat alkali‐burned corneas. We describe the preparation and characterization of siVEGF‐TMC‐INS‐liposome (siVEGF‐TIL), drug release characteristics, intraocular tracing, pharmacodynamics, and biosafety. We found that siVEGF‐TIL could inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and the expression of VEGF in vitro and effectively maintained corneal transparency, accelerated epithelialization, and inhibited corneal neovascularization (CNV) in vivo. Morever, we found that the therapeutic mechanism of siVEGF‐TIL is possibly relevant to the inhibition of the ferroptosis signaling pathway by metabolomic analysis. In general, siVEGF‐TIL NPs could be a safe and effective therapy for corneal alkali burn.
Symphony in the crowd: Key genetic alterations in prostate cancer
Authors: Masud Neshat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAndrogen receptor (AR) signaling have been frequently targeted for treating prostate cancer (PCa). Even though primarily patients receive a good therapeutic outcome by targeting AR signaling axis, eventually it emerges resistance by altering the genetic makeup of prostate cells. However, to develop an effective therapeutic regime, it is essential to recognize key genetic alterations in PCa. The most common genetic alterations that give rise to distinct androgen different differentiation states are gene fusion of TMPRSS2 with ETS family genes, deletion, or mutation of tumor suppressor PTEN and TP53 gene, amplification or splicing of AR, altered DNA repair genes. In this review, we describe key genes and genetic changes that have been recognized to contribute to altered prostate environment.
Peanut oil and protein extraction using an aqueous enzymatic method and analysis of the characteristics of the emulsions produced
Authors: Zhao Yuhui , Chen Fusheng , Liu Chen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe high cost of enzyme preparation and the stable emulsion produced in the process limit the large‐scale application of aqueous enzymatic method. In this study, a new aqueous enzymatic method for efficient peanut oil and protein extraction was optimized. And the composition, structure, and stability of the produced emulsions were characterized.FindingsPeanut emulsion proteins were mainly composed of oleosin, steroleosin, caleosin, lipoxygenase, and arachin. The composition of phospholipids in the emulsions was essentially the same as that in peanut raw materials. A surface protein wrapped the oil droplets. The ζ‐potential, particle size, and surface protein concentration properties of the second step extracted the emulsion (E2) were consistent with those produced using the conventional aqueous enzymatic method, whereas the first step extracted the emulsion (E1) was more prone to unstable aggregation between oil droplets. The mechanical properties of shear deformation resistance (viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus) were better in E1 than in E2.ConclusionsFollowing new method, highest yields obtained for oil and protein were 95.48% and 80.74%, respectively. The new method reduced the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis and accelerated the demulsification of emulsions.Significance and NoveltyThe study provides a two‐step aqueous enzymatic method for extracting emulsions and proteins from peanut. Process cost and efficiencies ensure industrial scale‐up of the method.
Incidental finding of tuberous sclerosis complex in a woman with hematuria: A case report of renal angiomyolipoma and review of the literature
Authors: Adhikari Gauri , Pandey Prabin , Bhattarai Kishor , Khadka Chhabi , Adhikari Gopal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic multisystem disorder that was first described by Von Recklinghausen. We describe a case of a female, who initially presented with hematuria and was later found to have multiple manifestations of the disease. The report emphasizes the value of investigations on suspected cases.
Dengue presenting as a case of acute pancreatitis—A rare case report
Authors: Acherjya Goutam Kumar , Tarafder Keya , Sayeed Md. Abu , Ghosh Goutam Kumar , Hossain Md. Jahangir , Hossain Shahadat , Ali Mohammad , Kabir Md. Alamgir , Chakrabortty Rajashish 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAtypical presentations may be presented with the common symptoms in Dengue. We, hereby, present a case of Dengue who was admitted in our hospital with the complaints of fever, upper abdominal pain, and vomiting, literally diagnosed as a case of acute pancreatitis.
Intrapartum adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma presenting in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Naseef Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPheochromocytoma is one of the rare causes of hypertension in pregnancy, occurring in one in every 50,000 pregnancies. The aim of this case report is to describe an atypical presentation of pheochromocytoma at 35 weeks gestation, where it presented with right flank pain and seizures, its preoperative medical optimization, and intrapartum concurrent surgical management. It also discusses various clinical presentations of pheochromocytoma in pregnancy, appropriate laboratory and radiological investigations, and different modalities of treatment. It is important to consider the possibility of the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma when considering the different causes of high blood pressure in a term pregnancy. Prompt antenatal diagnosis and timely management are critical to reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates.
The Full Cytosine‐Cytosine Base Paring: Self‐Assembly and Crystal Structure
Authors: Li Zhongkui , Song Wenjing , Zhu Yanhong , Yan Li , Zhong Xue , Zhang Menglei , Li Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of self‐assembly systems that can mimic partial biological behaviours require ingenious and delicate design. For decades, scientists are committed to exploring new base pairing patterns using hydrogen bonds directed self‐assembly of nucleotides. A fundamental question is the adaptive circumstance of the recognition between base pairs, namely, how solvent conditions affect the domain of base pairs. Towards this question, three nucleotide complexes based on 2’‐deoxycytidine‐5’‐monophosphate (dCMP) and cytidine‐5’‐monophosphate (CMP) were synthesized in different solvents and pH values, and an unusual cytosine‐cytosine base paring pattern (named full C : C base pairing) has been successfully obtained. Systematic single crystal analysis and 1H NMR titration spectra have been performed to explore factors influencing the formation of base paring patterns. Moreover, supramolecular chirality of three complexes were studied using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in solution and solid‐state combined with crystal structure analysis.