bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the incidence of fetal prolonged deceleration after induction of labor analgesia between dural puncture epidural and combined spinal epidural technique: a pilot study
Authors: Okahara Shoko , Inoue Rie , Katakura Yumi , Nagao Hitomi , Yamamoto Saori , Nojiri Shuko , Takeda Jun , Itakura Atsuo , Sumikura Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Abnormal cardiotocogram (CTG) tracing may appear after induction of neuraxial labor analgesia. Non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS) indicated by severely abnormal tracings, such as prolonged deceleration (PD) or bradycardia, can necessitate immediate operative delivery. Combined spinal epidural analgesia (CSEA) is known to result in more frequent abnormal tracings than epidural analgesia (EA); however, the corresponding data related to dural puncture epidural (DPE) are unclear. We aimed to evaluate the rates of incidence of severe abnormal CTG after induction of DPE and CSEA.

Methods
In this study of nulliparous women with full-term pregnancy, data for the DPE intervention group were prospectively collected, while those for the CSEA control group were obtained from medical records. Neuraxial analgesia was performed with cervical dilation ≤ 5 cm, administering initial epidural dosing of 15 mL of 0.125% levobupivacaine with fentanyl 2.5µg/mL for DPE, and intrathecal 0.5% bupivacaine 2.5 mg (0.5ml), fentanyl 10 µg (0.2ml), and 1.3 mL of saline for CSEA. The primary outcome was the incidence of PD, defined as a fetal heart rate reduction ≥ 15 bpm below the baseline and with a lowest value < 80 bpm, and lasting for ≥ 2 min but < 10 min (fetal heart rate < 80 bpm does not have to last for ≥ 2 min), within 90 min after induction of neuraxial labor analgesia.

Results
A total of 302 patients were analyzed, with 151 in each group. The incidence of PD after DPE induction was significantly lower than that after CSEA induction (4.0% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.0015, odds ratio = 0.243, 95% confidence interval = 0.095–0.617).

Conclusion
DPE appears to be a safer method compared to CSEA for neuraxial labor analgesia in the early stages of labor for nulliparous women.

Trial registration
UMIN-CTR: UMIN000035153. Date registered: 01/01/2019.
Exploring the antenatal care challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas of Indonesia: a qualitative study
Authors: Anggraeni Mekar Dwi , Setiyani Rahmi , Triyanto Endang , Iskandar Asep , Nani Desiyani , Fatoni Amin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic affected almost all healthcare services in Indonesia, including antenatal care (ANC). Pregnant women were a vulnerable group during the pandemic since the Indonesian government’s policies at the time influenced the delivery of ANC services, particularly in rural areas. Investigating the ANC challenges faced during the pandemic from the perspectives of pregnant women and healthcare providers is important for our understanding of ANC provision. This study, therefore explores barriers to ANC appointments faced during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas of Indonesia from the perspectives of pregnant women and health care providers.

Methods
This was a qualitative exploratory descriptive study involving 31 participants, consisting of 25 pregnant women and six healthcare providers who were selected via a purposive sampling method. Thadeus and Maine’s Three Delays Model was used as the theoretical framework. Data were collected between March and August 2021, through two focus group discussions (FGDs), ten in-depth interviews, and field notes. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis method.

Results
Three themes describing barriers to ANC during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas of Indonesia emerged from this study. Those themes were: (1) The fear of being infected with COVID-19, related to anxiety, perceived vulnerability, and the desire to protect oneself and loved ones; (2) The stay-at-home policy, related to transport barriers and restricted social activity; and (3) Re-designed ANC services, related to ANC adjustments, high-risk pregnancies, insufficient information, and adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviors.

Conclusion
Based on the Three Delays Model, several challenges to carrying out ANC during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural areas of Indonesia were identified. These findings demonstrate the need to formulate and implement ANC packages to facilitate pregnant women’s access to health care services.
Activated FGFR3 suppresses bone regeneration and bone mineralization in an ovariectomized mouse model
Authors: Kawashima Itaru , Matsushita Masaki , Mishima Kenichi , Kamiya Yasunari , Osawa Yusuke , Ohkawara Bisei , Ohno Kinji , Kitoh Hiroshi , Imagama Shiro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a widespread health concern due to its prevalence among older adults and an associated high risk of fracture. The downregulation of bone regeneration delays fracture healing. Activated fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) accelerates bone regeneration at juvenile age and downregulates bone mineralization at all ages. However, the impact of FGFR3 signaling on bone regeneration and bone mineralization post-menopause is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of FGFR3 signaling on bone regeneration and bone mineralization during menopause by developing a distraction osteogenesis (DO) mouse model after ovariectomy (OVX) using transgenic mice with activated FGFR3 driven by Col2a1 promoter (Fgfr3 mice).

Methods
The OVX or sham operations were performed in 8-week-old female Fgfr3 and wild-type mice. After 8 weeks of OVX surgery, DO surgery in the lower limb was performed. The 5-day-latency period followed by performing distraction for 9 days. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone regeneration was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan and soft X-ray. Bone volume in the distraction area was also evaluated by histological analysis after 7 days at the end of distraction. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived from each mouse after 8 weeks of the OVX or sham operations were also evaluated with and without an inhibitor for FGFR3 signaling (meclozine).

Results
BMD decreased after OVX in both groups, and it further deteriorated in Fgfr3 mice. Poor callus formation after DO was also observed in both groups with OVX, and the amount of regenerated bone was further decreased in Fgfr3 mice. Similarly, histological analysis revealed that Fgfr3 OVX mice showed lower bone volume. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of BMSCs were also deteriorated in Fgfr3 OVX mice. An inhibitor for FGFR3 signaling dramatically reversed the inhibitory effect of OVX and FGFR3 signaling on BMSC mineralization.

Conclusion
Upregulated FGFR3 decreased newly regenerated bone after DO and BMD in OVX mice. FGFR3 signaling can be a potential therapeutic target in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Nursing students’ simulated home-visit learning experiences with dementia -a qualitative research
Authors: Um Youn-Joo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
In response to the growing demand for community nursing, practical and dynamic changes in educational methods are essential to nurturing competent nurses. The aim of this study was to explore the learning experiences of nursing students’ simulation-based community visits and understand these experiences in detail.

Methods
This study followed Colizzi’s phenomenological research method. Nineteen participants were divided into three teams and participated in focus group interviews. The research question was: “How was your experience with the simulated nursing home visit?”

Results
Four essential themes were identified: “burden of community nursing simulation-based learning,” “solving the problems faced by patients with dementia through teamwork,” “home-visiting nursing skills learned through physical practice,” and “community nursing competency growth.”

Conclusion
The study results provide a basis for developing a community nursing curriculum with effective evaluation and management of community nursing home-visit education using simulation.
Proteome of airway surface liquid and mucus in newborn wildtype and cystic fibrosis piglets
Authors: Rodriguez-Piñeiro Ana M. , Jaudas Florian , Klymiuk Nikolai , Bähr Andrea , Hansson Gunnar C. , Ermund Anna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The respiratory tract is protected from inhaled particles and microbes by mucociliary clearance, mediated by the mucus and the cilia creating a flow to move the mucus cephalad. Submucosal glands secrete linear MUC5B mucin polymers and because they pass through the gland duct before reaching the airway surface, bundled strands of 1000–5000 parallel molecules exit the glands. In contrast, the surface goblet cells secrete both MUC5AC and MUC5B.

Methods
We used mass-spectrometry based proteomic analysis of unstimulated and carbachol stimulated newborn wild-type (WT) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) null (CF) piglet airways to study proteins in the airway surface liquid and mucus, to investigate if levels of MUC5AC and MUC5B were affected by carbachol stimulation and whether the proteins clustered according to function.

Results
Proteins in the first four extracted fractions clustered together and the fifth fraction contained the mucus cluster, mucins and other proteins known to associate with mucins, whereas the traditional airway surface liquid proteins clustered to fraction 1–4 and were absent from the mucus fraction. Carbachol stimulation resulted in increased MUC5AC and MUC5B.

Conclusions
These results indicate a distinct separation between proteins in the washable surface liquid and the mucus fraction. In fractions 1–4 from newborn CF piglets an additional cluster containing acute phase proteins was observed, suggesting an early inflammatory response in CF piglets. Alternatively, increased levels of these proteins could indicate altered lung development in the CF piglets. This observation suggests that CF airway disease is present at birth and thus, treatment should commence directly after diagnosis.
Plasma exosome miRNA-26b-3p derived from idiopathic short stature impairs longitudinal bone growth via the AKAP2/ERK1/2 axis
Authors: Liu Xijuan , Yuan Jinghong , Wu Zhiwen , Zhang Junqiu , Shen Yunfeng , Jia Jingyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Currently, the etiology of idiopathic short stature (ISS) is still unclear. The poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ISS has largely restricted this strategy towards safe and effective clinical therapies.

Methods
The plasma exosomes of ISS children were co-cultured with normal human chondrocytes. The differential expression of exosome miRNA between ISS and normal children was identified via high-throughput microRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Immunohistochemistry, In situ hybridization, RT-qPCR, western blotting, luciferase expression, and gene overexpression and knockdown were performed to reveal the key signaling pathways that exosome miRNA of aberrant expression in ISS children impairs longitudinal bone growth.

Results
Chondrocytes proliferation and endochondral ossification were suppressed after coculture of ISS plasma exosomes with human normal chondrocytes. High-throughput microRNA sequencing and RT-qPCR confirmed that plasma exosome miR-26b-3p was upregulated in ISS children. Meanwhile, exosome miRNA-26b-3p showed a high specificity and sensitivity in discriminating ISS from normal children. The rescue experiment showed that downregulation of miR-26b-3p obviously improved the repression of chondrocyte proliferation and endochondral ossification caused by ISS exosomes. Subsequently, miR-26b-3p overexpression inhibited chondrocyte proliferation and endochondral ossification once again. In situ hybridization confirmed the colocalization of miR-26b-3p with AKAP2 in chondrocytes. In vitro and in vivo assay revealed exosome miRNA-26b-3p impairs longitudinal bone growth via the AKAP2 /ERK1/2 axis.

Conclusions
This study is the first to confirm that miR-26b-3p overexpression in ISS plasma exosomes leads to disorders in proliferation and endochondral ossification of growth plate cartilage via inhibition of AKAP2/ERK1/2 axis, thereby inducing ISS. This study provides a new research direction for the etiology and pathology of ISS and a new idea for the biological treatment of ISS.

Graphical Abstract
HIV-1 infection of renal epithelial cells: 30 years of evidence from transgenic animal models, human studies and in vitro experiments
Authors: Blasi Maria , Klotman Mary 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased life expectancy in people with HIV-1 (PWH), acute and chronic kidney disease remain common in this population and are associated with poor outcomes. A broad spectrum of kidney disorders can be observed in PWH, some of which are directly related to intrarenal HIV infection and gene expression. HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) was the most common kidney disease in PWH before ART became available. Animal models and human biopsy studies established the causal relationships between direct HIV-1 infection of renal epithelial cells and HIVAN, expression of viral genes in renal epithelial cells, and dysregulation of host genes involved in cell differentiation and cell cycle. In this review, we provide a summary of the body of work demonstrating HIV-1 infection of epithelial cells in the kidney and recent advancements in the understanding of viral entry mechanisms and consequences of HIV-1 gene expression in those cells.
Graphical Abstract
Risk prediction models for diabetic foot ulcer development or amputation: a review of reviews
Authors: Kaka Anjum S. , Landsteiner Adrienne , Ensrud Kristine E. , Logan Brittany , Sowerby Catherine , Ullman Kristen , Yoon Patrick , Wilt Timothy J. , Sultan Shahnaz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn adults with diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and amputation are common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality.PurposeIdentify tools predicting risk of DFU or amputation that are prognostically accurate and clinically feasible.MethodsWe searched for systematic reviews (SRs) of tools predicting DFU or amputation published in multiple databases from initiation to January, 2023. We assessed risk of bias (ROB) and provided a narrative review of reviews describing performance characteristics (calibration and discrimination) of prognostically accurate tools. For such tools, we additionally reviewed original studies to ascertain clinical applicability and usability (variables included, score calculation, and risk categorization).ResultsWe identified 3 eligible SRs predicting DFU or amputation risk. Two recent SRs (2020 and 2021) were rated as moderate and low ROB respectively. Four risk prediction models – Boyko, Martins‐Mendes (simplified), Martins‐Mendes (original), and PODUS 2020 had good prognostic accuracy for predicting DFU or amputation over time horizons ranging from 1‐ to 5‐years. PODUS 2020 predicts absolute average risk (e.g., 6% risk of DFU at 2 years) and consists of 3‐binary variables with a simple, summative scoring (0–4) making it feasible for clinic use. The other 3 models categorize risk subjectively (e.g., high‐risk for DFU at 3 years), include 2–7 variables, and require a calculation device. No data exist to inform rescreening intervals. Furthermore, the effectiveness of targeted interventions in decreasing incidence of DFU or amputation in response to prediction scores is unknown.ConclusionsIn this review of reviews, we identified 4 prognostically accurate models that predict DFU or amputation in persons with diabetes. The PODUS 2020 model, predicting absolute average DFU risk at 2 years, has the most favorable prognostic accuracy and is clinically feasible. Rescreening intervals and effectiveness of intervention based on prediction score are uncertain.
Detection of tick-borne encephalitis virus in ear tissue and dried blood spots from naturally infected wild rodents
Authors: Pascoe Emily L. , de Vries Ankje , Esser Helen J. , Koenraadt Constantianus J. M. , Sprong Hein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) can cause severe neurological disease in humans. Its geographical distribution is expanding in Western Europe with unresolved causes and spatial patterns, necessitating enhanced surveillance. Monitoring the virus in the environment is complicated, as it usually relies on destructive sampling of small rodents to test organs for TBEV, which in addition to ethical considerations also raises issues for long-term monitoring or longitudinal studies. Moreover, even when the virus is not detected in the blood or organs of the rodent, TBEV can still be transmitted from an infected tick to uninfected ticks feeding nearby. This is due to the ability of TBEV to replicate and migrate locally within the epidermis of small mammals, including those that do not appear to have systemic infection. This suggests that the virus may be detectable in skin biopsies, which has been confirmed in experimentally infected laboratory rodents, but it remains unknown if this sample type may be a viable alternative to destructively obtained samples in the monitoring of natural TBEV infection. Here we test ear tissue and dried blood spot (DBS) samples from rodents to determine whether TBEV-RNA can be detected in biological samples obtained non-destructively.

Methods
Rodents were live-trapped and sampled at three woodland areas in The Netherlands where presence of TBEV has previously been recorded. Ear tissue (n = 79) and DBSs (n = 112) were collected from a total of 117 individuals and were tested for TBEV-RNA by real-time RT-PCR.

Results
TBEV-RNA was detected in five rodents (4.3% of tested individuals), all of which had a TBEV-positive ear sample, while only two out of four of these individuals (for which a DBS was available) had a positive DBS. This equated to 6.3% of ear samples and 1.8% of DBSs testing positive for TBEV-RNA.

Conclusions
We provide the first evidence to our knowledge that TBEV-RNA can be detected in samples obtained non-destructively from naturally infected wild rodents, providing a viable sampling alternative suitable for longitudinal surveillance of the virus.

Graphical Abstract
Oral cavity-derived stem cells and preclinical models of jaw-bone defects for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhou Ying-Hui , Zhao Ya-Qing , Gao Zheng-Rong , Ouyang Ze-Yue , Ye Qin , Liu Qiong , Chen Yun , Tan Li , Zhang Shao-Hui , Feng Yao , Hu Jing , Dusenge Marie Aimee , Feng Yun-Zhi , Guo Yue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundJaw-bone defects caused by various diseases lead to aesthetic and functional complications, which can seriously affect the life quality of patients. Current treatments cannot fully meet the needs of reconstruction of jaw-bone defects. Thus, the research and application of bone tissue engineering are a “hot topic.” As seed cells for engineering of jaw-bone tissue, oral cavity-derived stem cells have been explored and used widely. Models of jaw-bone defect are excellent tools for the study of bone defect repair in vivo. Different types of bone defect repair require different stem cells and bone defect models. This review aimed to better understand the research status of oral and maxillofacial bone regeneration.Main textData were gathered from PubMed searches and references from relevant studies using the search phrases “bone” AND (“PDLSC” OR “DPSC” OR “SCAP” OR “GMSC” OR “SHED” OR “DFSC” OR “ABMSC” OR “TGPC”); (“jaw” OR “alveolar”) AND “bone defect.” We screened studies that focus on “bone formation of oral cavity-derived stem cells” and “jaw bone defect models,” and reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of oral cavity-derived stem cells and preclinical model of jaw-bone defect models.ConclusionThe type of cell and animal model should be selected according to the specific research purpose and disease type. This review can provide a foundation for the selection of oral cavity-derived stem cells and defect models in tissue engineering of the jaw bone.
Highly-purified rapidly expanding clones, RECs, are superior for functional-mitochondrial transfer
Authors: Yang Jiahao , Liu Lu , Oda Yasuaki , Wada Keisuke , Ago Mako , Matsuda Shinichiro , Hattori Miho , Goto Tsukimi , Kawashima Yuki , Matsuzaki Yumi , Taketani Takeshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA, which codes for mitochondrial components, are known to be associated with various genetic and congenital disorders. These mitochondrial disorders not only impair energy production but also affect mitochondrial functions and have no effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to migrate to damaged sites and carry out mitochondrial transfer. MSCs grown using conventional culture methods exhibit heterogeneous cellular characteristics. In contrast, highly purified MSCs, namely the rapidly expanding clones (RECs) isolated by single-cell sorting, display uniform MSCs functionality. Therefore, we examined the differences between RECs and MSCs to assess the efficacy of mitochondrial transfer.

Methods
We established mitochondria-deficient cell lines (ρ0 A549 and ρ0 HeLa cell lines) using ethidium bromide. Mitochondrial transfer from RECs/MSCs to ρ0 cells was confirmed by PCR and flow cytometry analysis. We examined several mitochondrial functions including ATP, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). The route of mitochondrial transfer was identified using inhibition assays for microtubules/tunneling nanotubes, gap junctions, or microvesicles using transwell assay and molecular inhibitors.

Results
Co-culture of ρ0 cells with MSCs or RECs led to restoration of the mtDNA content. RECs transferred more mitochondria to ρ0 cells compared to that by MSCs. The recovery of mitochondrial function, including ATP, OCR, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial swelling in ρ0 cells co-cultured with RECs was superior than that in cells co-cultured with MSCs. Inhibition assays for each pathway revealed that RECs were sensitive to endocytosis inhibitor, dynasore.

Conclusions
RECs might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction by donating healthy mitochondria.