bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A microphysiological model of bone development and regeneration
Authors: Whelan Ian T , Burdis Ross , Shahreza Somayeh , Moeendarbary Emad , Hoey David A , Kelly Daniel J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Endochondral ossification (EO) is an essential biological process than underpins how human bones develop, grow, and heal in the event of a fracture. So much is unknown about this process, thus clinical manifestations of dysregulated EO cannot be adequately treated. This can be partially attributed to the absence of predictive in vitro models of musculoskeletal tissue development and healing, which are integral to the development and preclinical evaluation of novel therapeutics. Microphysiological systems, or organ-on-chip devices, are advanced in vitro models designed for improved biological relevance compared to traditional in vitro culture models. Here we develop a microphysiological model of vascular invasion into developing/regenerating bone, thereby mimicking the process of EO. This is achieved by integrating endothelial cells and organoids mimicking different stages of endochondral bone development within a microfluidic chip. This microphysiological model is able to recreate key events in EO, such as the changing angiogenic profile of a maturing cartilage analogue, and vascular induced expression of the pluripotent transcription factors SOX2 and OCT4 in the cartilage analogue. This system represents an advanced in vitro platform to further EO research, and may also serve as a modular unit to monitor drug responses on such processes as part of a multi-organ system.
3D bioprinting of tyramine modified hydrogels under visible light for osteochondral interface
Authors: Senturk Efsun , Bilici Cigdem , Afghah Ferdows , Khan Zaeema , Celik Suleyman , Wu Chengtie , Koc Bahattin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recent advancements in tissue engineering have demonstrated a great potential for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures such as cartilage and bone. However, achieving structural integrity between different tissues and fabricating tissue interfaces are still great challenges. In this study, an in situ crosslinked hybrid, multi-material 3D bioprinting approach was used for the fabrication of hydrogel structures based on an aspiration-extrusion microcapillary method. Different cell-laden hydrogels were aspirated in the same microcapillary glass and deposited in the desired geometrical and volumetric arrangement directly from a computer model. Alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose were modified with tyramine to enhance cell bioactivity and mechanical properties of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-laden bioinks. Hydrogels were prepared for extrusion by gelling in microcapillary glass utilizing an in situ crosslink approach with ruthenium (Ru) and sodium persulfate photo-initiating mechanisms under visible light. The developed bioinks were then bioprinted in precise gradient composition for cartilage-bone tissue interface using microcapillary bioprinting technique. The biofabricated constructs were co-cultured in chondrogenic/osteogenic culture media for three weeks. After cell viability and morphology evaluations of the bioprinted structures, biochemical and histological analyses, and a gene expression analysis for the bioprinted structure were carried out. Analysis of cartilage and bone formation based on cell alignment and histological evaluation indicated that mechanical cues in conjunction with chemical cues successfully induced MSC differentiation into chondrogenic and osteogenic tissues with a controlled interface.
Performance analysis of various training algorithms of deep learning based controller
Authors: Prasad Bhawesh , Kumar Raj , Singh Manmohan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Advances in artificial neural networks (ANN), specifically deep learning (DL), have widened the application domain of process control. DL algorithms and models have become quite common these days. The training algorithm is the most important part of an ANN that affects the performance of the controller. Training algorithms optimize the weights and biases of the ANN according to the input-output patterns. In this paper, the performance of different training algorithms was evaluated, analysed, and compared in a feed-forward backpropagation architecture. The training algorithms were simulated on MATLAB R2021b with license number 1075356. Training data were generated using two benchmark problems of the process control system. The performance, gradient, training error, validation error, testing error, and regression of the different training algorithms were obtained and analysed. The data shows that the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm produced the best validation performance with a value of 2.669*10−14 at 2000 epochs, while ‘traingd’ and ‘traingdm’ algorithms did not improve beyond their initial values. The LM algorithm tends to produce better results than other algorithms. These results indicate that the LM backpropagation best suits these types of benchmark problems. The results also suggest that the choice of training algorithm can significantly impact the performance of a neural network.
Conduction and entropy analysis of a mixed memristor-resistor model for neuromorphic networks
Authors: Cipollini Davide , Schomaker Lambert R B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To build neuromorphic hardware with self-assembled memristive networks, it is necessary to determine how the functional connectivity between electrodes can be adjusted, under the application of external signals. In this work, we analyse a model of a disordered memristor-resistor network, within the framework of graph theory. Such a model is well suited for the simulation of physical self-assembled neuromorphic materials where impurities are likely to be present. Two primary mechanisms that modulate the collective dynamics are investigated: the strength of interaction, i.e. the ratio of the two limiting conductance states of the memristive components, and the role of disorder in the form of density of Ohmic conductors (OCs) diluting the network. We consider the case where a fraction of the network edges has memristive properties, while the remaining part shows pure Ohmic behaviour. We consider both the case of poor and good OCs. Both the role of the interaction strength and the presence of OCs are investigated in relation to the trace formation between electrodes at the fixed point of the dynamics. The latter is analysed through an ideal observer approach. Thus, network entropy is used to understand the self-reinforcing and cooperative inhibition of other memristive elements resulting in the formation of a winner-take-all path. Both the low interaction strength and the dilution of the memristive fraction in a network provide a reduction of the steep non-linearity in the network conductance under the application of a steady input voltage. Entropy analysis shows enhanced robustness in selective trace formation to the applied voltage for heterogeneous networks of memristors diluted by poor OCs in the vicinity of the percolation threshold. The input voltage controls the diversity in trace formation.
The Effect of Rhinoplasty Dissection Planes (Sub-SMAS, Subperichondrial, and Subperiosteal) on the Viability of Diced Cartilage Grafts in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Eravci Fakih Cihat , Kaplan Ömer , Oltulu Pembe , Arbağ Hamdi , Eryilmaz Mehmet Akif , Aricigil Mithat , Dündar Mehmet Akif 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Dorsal preservation surgeries in which the subperichondral and subperiosteal planes are used to elevate the soft tissue envelope of the nose have become increasingly widespread because they can reduce postoperative edema and promote faster healing. However, the effects of surgical dissection planes on the viability of cartilage grafts are not known.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine, in a rabbit model, the viability of diced cartilage grafts in different rhinoplasty dissection planes (sub–superficial musculoaponeurotic system [SMAS], subperichondral, subperiosteal).

Methods
Diced cartilage samples were placed in the sub-SMAS, subperichondrial, and subperiosteal planes, and after 90 days, histopathologic analysis was performed. Cartilage graft viability was evaluated based on the loss of chondrocyte nuclei in the lacuna, the presence of peripheral chondrocyte proliferation, and the loss of matrix metachromasia in the chondroid matrix.

Results
The median [interquartile range] percentages of live chondrocyte nucleus viability in the sub-SMAS, subperichondrial, and subperiosteal groups were 67.5% [18.75%] (range, 60%-80%), 35% [17.5%] (range, 20%-45%), and 20% [30.0%] (range, 10%-45%), respectively; and the percentages of peripheral chondrocyte proliferation were 80.0% [22.5%] (range, 60%-90%), 30% [28.75%] (range, 15%-60%), and 20% [28.75%] (range, 5%-60%), respectively. There was strong statistical significance in both parameters (P = .001). Intergroup examination revealed a difference between the sub-SMAS and the other surgical planes (P = .001 for both parameters). A smaller loss of chondrocyte matrix was observed in the sub-SMAS group compared with the other 2 groups, which supports the findings of cartilage viability (P = .006).

Conclusions
Elevating the soft tissue envelope of the nose in the sub-SMAS surgical plane preserves the viability of cartilage grafts better than subperichondrial and subperiosteal elevation.
Comparison and benchmark of structural variants detected from long read and long-read assembly
Authors: Lin Jiadong , Jia Peng , Wang Songbo , Kosters Walter , Ye Kai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Structural variant (SV) detection is essential for genomic studies, and long-read sequencing technologies have advanced our capacity to detect SVs directly from read or de novo assembly, also known as read-based and assembly-based strategy. However, to date, no independent studies have compared and benchmarked the two strategies. Here, on the basis of SVs detected by 20 read-based and eight assembly-based detection pipelines from six datasets of HG002 genome, we investigated the factors that influence the two strategies and assessed their performance with well-curated SVs. We found that up to 80% of the SVs could be detected by both strategies among different long-read datasets, whereas variant type, size, and breakpoint detected by read-based strategy were greatly affected by aligners. For the high-confident insertions and deletions at non-tandem repeat regions, a remarkable subset of them (82% in assembly-based calls and 93% in read-based calls), accounting for around 4000 SVs, could be captured by both reads and assemblies. However, discordance between two strategies was largely caused by complex SVs and inversions, which resulted from inconsistent alignment of reads and assemblies at these loci. Finally, benchmarking with SVs at medically relevant genes, the recall of read-based strategy reached 77% on 5X coverage data, whereas assembly-based strategy required 20X coverage data to achieve similar performance. Therefore, integrating SVs from read and assembly is suggested for general-purpose detection because of inconsistently detected complex SVs and inversions, whereas assembly-based strategy is optional for applications with limited resources.
A-140 MANAGEMENT OF NON-METASTATIC DUODENAL NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOURS
Authors: Christou N , Mekkan Bouv-Hez M , Derbey L , de Mestier L , Lorenzo D , Walter T , Perrier M , Cadiot G , Goichot B , Pracht M , Lièvre A , Coriat R , Valancot S , Guimbaud R , Carrere N , Bacoeur-Ouzillou O , Belleannée G , Smith D , Laboureau S , Hescot S , Julie C , Teissier-Clément M , Thereaux J , Ferru A , Evrad C , Mathonnet M ,   GTE, Endocrine Tumors Group
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The management of duodenal neuroendocrine tumours (NET) between 1 and 2 cm is not codified. Currently, depending on the centre, endoscopic (ER) or surgical (SR) resection is offered.
The main objective of our study was to describe the management of non-metastatic duodenal NETs in France.

Methods
A study was conducted on 153 patients with non-metastatic duodenal NET diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 in 14 French centres by the GTE group (Endocrine Tumors Group).

Results
58 (37.9%) patients treated with ER and 95 (62.1%) patients treated with SR were found. Surgery allowed significantly more complete resection than endoscopy (p &lt; 0.001). ER margins were significantly less well-defined than SR margins (p &lt; 0.001). Among the 51 patients with positive lymph node dissection, tumour size was ≤ 1 cm in 25 cases, between 1 and 2 cm in 14 cases and ≥ 2 cm in 12 patients. No difference in survival was demonstrated regardless of type of treatment. Surgical complications were more numerous than endoscopic complications (p = 0.001). Regardless of the type of incomplete resection, there was no significant difference between the two groups according to the criteria of location, size, grade, or adenopathy. In the subgroup analysis of duodenal NETs between 11 and 19 mm, the tumour stages were equivalent in pre-procedure between the two groups. In contrast, there was a difference in post-procedure after anatomopathological analysis (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Based on the study results, the type of endoscopic or surgical resection of duodenal NETs has no impact on the long-term results. Lymph node invasion is independent of tumour size.
A-217 IMPACT OF PREOPERATIVE LUGOL'S IODINE ON SURGERY FOR GRAVES DISEASE. SHORT-TERM RESULTS FROM LIGRADIS MULTICENTER RANDOMISED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Villar-del-Moral J M , Guadarrama González F J , Valdés de Anca A , Muñoz-Pérez N , Rubio-Manzanares Dorado M , Marín Velarde C , Moreno-Llorente P , Gamborino Caramés E , Martí Fernández R , de la Quintana Basarrate A , Ros-López S , García-Carrillo M , Mercader Cidoncha E , Lorente Poch L , Vidal-Pérez O , Febrero Sánchez B , Franch-Arcas G , Luengo Pierrard P , Artes Caselles M , Muñoz-de-Nova J L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Many clinical guidelines recommend the preoperative administration of Lugol's solution (LS) for patients undergoing thyroidectomy for Graves’ disease (GD), mainly based on low-quality evidence. Our aim was to assess its influence on intra and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (TT) for GD.

Methods
We performed a nationwide multicentre randomised controlled trial including euthyroid patients scheduled for TT due to GD. Patients were randomised for either receiving or not preoperative LS. Surgeons were blinded for treatment assignment. The primary outcome was the overall rate of postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes were intraoperative events and permanent morbidity.

Results
136 patients were included (68 in each arm), without preoperative differences among groups. The rate of patients who developed any complication was 51.5% in LS arm vs. 50% in controls (p=1). Postoperative hypocalcaemia appeared in 45.6% vs. 38.2% (p=0.487). The rate of postoperative vocal cord palsy was 6.1% vs. 3.3% (p=0.682). Median Thyroidectomy Difficulty Scale score was slightly higher in the LS group (10 vs. 9; p=0.031). No differences among groups were observed regarding surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, gland weight, or the rate of loss of signal in neuromonitoring. Long-term results have not yet been evaluated.

Conclusion
Preoperative iodine preparation can be safely obviated facing TT for GD, regarding the intraoperative difficulty and postoperative complications. If long-term results sustain these results, current advice for presurgical preparation in GD could be challenged.
A-310 18F-FLUOROCHOLINE-PET/CT IS THE BETTER TOOL TO LOCALISE “NEGATIVE” PARATHYROID ADENOMAS – INTRAOPERATIVE CORRELATION AND 12 MONTH POSTOPERATIVE RESULTS
Authors: Smaxwil C , Busch M , Naddaf A , Wagner J , Zielke A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
To characterise the diagnostic performance of 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT (FCH-PET/CT) to localise parathyroid adenomas (PA) in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) when ultrasound (US) and MIBI-Scan (MS) failed - intraoperative correlation and one year follow up.

Methods
Beginning in 07/2017 FCH-PET/CT was employed in patients with proven pHPT in whom US and MS delivered either incongruent or negative findings. All patients were offered cervical explorations with intraoperative PTH-monitoring (IO-PTH) and followed for 12 months postoperatively. Imaging results were correlated to operative findings and histopathologic reports and to short term biochemical outcome as well as one-year postoperative follow-up data.

Results
From 07/2017 to 11/2022, 1085 patients were operated for pHPT. In this period, 215 FCH-PET/CT were performed suggesting PA(s) in 176, 6 false positive, and 33 false negative (sensitivity 84.2%, PPV 96.7%). Of the 95 cases were US and MIBI both gave negative results, FCH-PET/CT accurately localised PA(s) to the respective side of the neck in all the 72 FEC-PET-positive cases (global sensitivity of 75.8%); and was negative in 23 (24.2%). In the 12-month postoperative follow up (currently matched by 61/95) there was no biochemical persistent disease. However, 3 patients exhibited PTH or calcium at the upper limit of norme, thus, a recurrence cannot be reliably excluded so far.

Conclusion
FCH-PET/CT allows for planned unilateral and focused as opposed to bilateral explorations, especially when preoperative parathyroid localisation with US and MiBI fails. We, therefore, suggest FCH-PET/CT as the preferred tool for the localisation of the “negative” PA.
Early threat perception is independent of later cognitive and behavioral control. A virtual reality-EEG-ECG study
Authors: Lu Juanzhi , Kemmerer Selma K , Riecke Lars , de Gelder Beatrice 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResearch on social threat has shown influences of various factors, such as agent characteristics, proximity, and social interaction on social threat perception. An important, yet understudied aspect of threat exposure concerns the ability to exert control over the threat and its implications for threat perception. In this study, we used a virtual reality (VR) environment showing an approaching avatar that was either angry (threatening body expression) or neutral (neutral body expression) and informed participants to stop avatars from coming closer under five levels of control success (0, 25, 50, 75, or 100%) when they felt uncomfortable. Behavioral results revealed that social threat triggered faster reactions at a greater virtual distance from the participant than the neutral avatar. Event-related potentials (ERPs) revealed that the angry avatar elicited a larger N170/vertex positive potential (VPP) and a smaller N3 than the neutral avatar. The 100% control condition elicited a larger late positive potential (LPP) than the 75% control condition. In addition, we observed enhanced theta power and accelerated heart rate for the angry avatar vs. neutral avatar, suggesting that these measures index threat perception. Our results indicate that perception of social threat takes place in early to middle cortical processing stages, and control ability is associated with cognitive evaluation in middle to late stages.
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5–mediated arginine methylation stabilizes Kruppel-like factor 4 to accelerate neointimal formation
Authors: Liu He , Dong Xiaoliang , Jia Kunpeng , Yuan Baohui , Ren Zhengnan , Pan Xiaohua , Wu Jianjin , Li Jiahong , Zhou Jingwen , Wang Ru-Xing , Qu Lefeng , Sun Jia , Pan Li-Long 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
Accumulating evidence supports the indispensable role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in the pathological progression of several human cancers. As an important enzyme-regulating protein methylation, how PRMT5 participates in vascular remodelling remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of PRMT5 in neointimal formation and to evaluate its potential as an effective therapeutic target for the condition.

Methods and results
Aberrant PRMT5 overexpression was positively correlated with clinical carotid arterial stenosis. Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific PRMT5 knockout inhibited intimal hyperplasia with an enhanced expression of contractile markers in mice. Conversely, PRMT5 overexpression inhibited SMC contractile markers and promoted intimal hyperplasia. Furthermore, we showed that PRMT5 promoted SMC phenotypic switching by stabilizing Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). Mechanistically, PRMT5-mediated KLF4 methylation inhibited ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of KLF4, leading to a disruption of myocardin (MYOCD)–serum response factor (SRF) interaction and MYOCD–SRF-mediated the transcription of SMC contractile markers.

Conclusion
Our data demonstrated that PRMT5 critically mediated vascular remodelling by promoting KLF4-mediated SMC phenotypic conversion and consequently the progression of intimal hyperplasia. Therefore, PRMT5 may represent a potential therapeutic target for intimal hyperplasia–associated vascular diseases.
Emotional factors, medical interventions and mode of birth among low-risk primiparous women in Poland
Authors: Nenko Ilona , Kopeć-Godlewska Katarzyna , Towner Mary C , Klein Laura D , Micek Agnieszka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Birth is a critical event in women’s lives. Since humans have evolved to give birth in the context of social support, not having it in modern settings might lead to more complications during birth. Our aim was to model how emotional factors and medical interventions related to birth outcomes in hospital settings in Poland, where c-section rates have doubled in the last decade.

Methodology
We analysed data from 2363 low-risk primiparous women who went into labor with the intention of giving birth vaginally. We used a model comparison approach to examine the relationship between emotional and medical variables and birth outcome (vaginal or c-section), including sociodemographic control variables in all models.

Results
A model with emotional factors better explained the data than a control model (ΔAIC = 470.8); women with continuous personal support during labor had lower odds of a c-section compared to those attended by hospital staff only (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.09 − 0.16). A model that included medical interventions also better explained the data than a control model (ΔAIC = 133.6); women given epidurals, in particular, had increased odds of a c-section over those who were not (OR = 3.55, 95% CI = 2.95 − 4.27). The best model included variables for both the level of personal support and the use of epidural (ΔAIC = 598.0).

Conclusions and implications
Continuous personal support during childbirth may be an evolutionarily informed strategy for reducing complications, including one of the most common obstetrical complications in modern hospital settings, the c-section.