bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrolysin Attenuates Exacerbation of Neuropathic Pain, Blood-spinal Cord Barrier Breakdown and Cord Pathology Following Chronic Intoxication of Engineered Ag, Cu or Al (50–60 nm) Nanoparticles
Authors: Sharma Hari Shanker , Feng Lianyuan , Chen Lin , Huang Hongyun , Ryan Tian Z. , Nozari Ala , Muresanu Dafin F. , Lafuente José Vicente , Castellani Rudy J. , Wiklund Lars , Sharma Aruna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNeuropathic pain is associated with abnormal sensations and/or pain induced by non-painful stimuli, i.e., allodynia causing burning or cold sensation, pinching of pins and needles like feeling, numbness, aching or itching. However, no suitable therapy exists to treat these pain syndromes. Our laboratory explored novel potential therapeutic strategies using a suitable composition of neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments-Cerebrolysin (Ever Neuro Pharma, Austria) in alleviating neuropathic pain induced spinal cord pathology in a rat model. Neuropathic pain was produced by constrictions of L-5 spinal sensory nerves for 2–10 weeks period. In one group of rats cerebrolysin (2.5 or 5 ml/kg, i.v.) was administered once daily after 2 weeks until sacrifice (4, 8 and 10 weeks). Ag, Cu and Al NPs (50 mg/kg, i.p.) were delivered once daily for 1 week. Pain assessment using mechanical (Von Frey) or thermal (Hot-Plate) nociceptive showed hyperalgesia from 2 weeks until 10 weeks progressively that was exacerbated following Ag, Cu and Al NPs intoxication in nerve lesioned groups. Leakage of Evans blue and radioiodine across the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) is seen from 4 to 10 weeks in the rostral and caudal cord segments associated with edema formation and cell injury. Immunohistochemistry of albumin and GFAP exhibited a close parallelism with BSCB leakage that was aggravated by NPs following nerve lesion. Light microscopy using Nissl stain exhibited profound neuronal damages in the cord. Transmission electron microcopy (TEM) show myelin vesiculation and synaptic damages in the cord that were exacerbated following NPs intoxication. Using ELISA spinal tissue exhibited increased albumin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP) and heat shock protein (HSP 72kD) upregulation together with cytokines TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 levels in nerve lesion that was exacerbated following NPs intoxication. Cerebrolysin treatment significantly reduced hyperalgesia and attenuated BSCB disruption, edema formation and cellular changes in nerve lesioned group. The levels of cytokines were also restored near normal levels with cerebrolysin treatment. Albumin, GFAP, MABP and HSP were also reduced in cerebrolysin treated group and thwarted neuronal damages, myelin vesiculation and cell injuries. These neuroprotective effects of cerebrolysin with higher doses were also effective in nerve lesioned rats with NPs intoxication. These observations suggest that cerebrolysin actively protects spinal cord pathology and hyperalgesia following nerve lesion and its exacerbation with metal NPs, not reported earlier.
The COOL Process: A Holistic Approach Towards Lithium Recycling
Authors: Mende Robert , Kaiser Doreen , Pavón Sandra , Bertau Martin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLithium is a key element in reducing mobility-induced emissions. However, processes aimed at producing lithium from hard rock mining are based on the usage of large amounts of chemicals. Additionally, only a small quantity of the mined mineral concentrates is actually valorized. In contrast, the COOL process (CO2 Leaching process) is a process that makes use of water and carbon dioxide to leach lithium from any silicate mineral, making geopolymers from the residues. On the other hand, the COOL process enables the recovery of lithium from pretreated spent lithium-ion batteries.The leaching step has been investigated concerning the selective mobilization of lithium. Further attention was brought to the mobilization of potentially disturbing ions such as fluoride, aluminum, and silicon.It was found that the CO2 leaching step is indeed suitable for the selective mobilization of lithium. Up to 65% of lithium mobilization was achieved without adding any additives and 78% by adding Na2CO3. Fluoride and silicon mobilization could be addressed by heating zinnwaldite under a wet atmosphere respectively under the addition of a carbonate. Concerning secondary resources, up to 95% of lithium could be leached from black mass, and the residue was then leached and the leach liquor separated by liquid-liquid extraction to yield the heavy metals in high recovery and selectivity.Overall, the COOL process enables the recovery of lithium from different feedstocks and valorizes the residues from the lithium leaching. This makes the COOL process a universal approach to lithium recovery.
Graphical Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer in a Japanese family with CDH1 mutation three case reports
Authors: Muranaka Futoshi , Kise Emiko , Tokumaru Shigeo , Kitazawa Masato , Miyagawa Yusuke , Suga Tomoaki , Uehara Takeshi , Iwaya Mai , Kobayashi Shota , Sato Midori , Gomi Daisuke , Yamada Hidetaka , Sugimura Haruhiko , Kosho Tomoki , Soejima Yuji , Koizumi Tomonobu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Germline pathogenic variants in the E-cadherin gene CDH1 cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), which is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome, accounting for 1–3% of all gastric cancers. HDGC harboring a CDH 1 variant is extremely rare in Japan.

Method
In this study we report the clinical courses of three cases with HDGC from a single Japanese family.

Results
The proband exhibited advanced and metastatic gastric cancer, and was found to have a previously reported heterozygous frameshift variant in CDH1 (NM_004360.3:c.1009_1010del:p.Ser337Phefs*12). Five at-risk relatives underwent presymptomatic molecular testing after careful genetic counseling, and three were molecularly diagnosed as positive for the variant. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed in these relatives revealing abnormal small pale mucosal patches, small ulcerative lesion and no abnormal findings. Moreover, random and targeted biopsies were compatible with pathological diagnosis of HDGC in the three cases, all of which underwent total prophylactic gastrectomy.

Conclusion
It is critical for the assessment and management of HDGC patients to be actively offered a multidisciplinary and familial-oriented approach. Notably, genetic screening in suspected individuals and familial members is a determining piece for a higher detection rate and the identification of clinical relevant mutations in both low and high-incidence gastric cancer countries.
Casing tensile stress distribution in the bending section of a well during hydraulic fracturing
Authors: Yang Zhao , Sun Rui , Liu Zhaoyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDuring hydraulic fracturing, there has been little research on casing tensile stress distribution from the tilting area to the horizontal area in the whole string. In order to study the casing tensile stress distribution in the bending sections during hydraulic fracturing, a three-dimensional finite element mechanical analysis model of casing–cement–formation in the bending sections was established. The analysis showed that: When the cement of tilting area was missing, the casing tensile stress decreased with in situ stress difference increasing, and the casing tensile stress increased when the middle area or the target area was missing. When the internal pressure of casing increased continuously, the casing tensile stress decreased first and then increased, and the casing internal pressure was 20 MPa, which was the minimum point. When the casing internal pressure was lower than 20 MPa, the casing tensile stress decreased with Poisson’s ratio of cement increasing. When the casing internal pressure was higher than 20 MPa, the casing tensile stress increased with Poisson’s ratio of cement increasing. Compared with the case where the temperature difference was ignored, the temperature difference below 5 ℃ had little influence on casing temperature stress; however, the temperature difference above 5 ℃ had significant influence on casing temperature stress. Fracturing in the formation where Young’s modulus of elasticity of rock was higher than 15 GPa could reduce the stress failure of casing tensile. The research results had a certain guiding significance for the prevention of casing tensile failure in the bending sections.
Allergen immunotherapy in house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis: efficacy of the 300 IR mite tablet
Authors: Klimek Ludger , Brehler Randolf , Casper Ingrid , Klimek Felix , Hagemann Jan , Cuevas Mandy , Bergmann Karl-Christian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundA perennial house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis has a major impact on the quality of life of patients and is associated with a high socioeconomic burden. The most common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include a runny nose and nasal congestion, sneezing, itching of nose, mouth and/or throat, and/or ocular symptoms. Affected patients often develop allergic bronchial asthma. Therapy options for allergic rhinitis include allergen avoidance, symptomatic treatment, and allergen immunotherapy. Allergen immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying treatment that can permanently alleviate the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. In July 2021, a new sublingual mite tablet was approved in Germany.MethodsThis review summarizes clinical studies on the 300 IR (index of reactivity) mite tablet in adolescents and adults with house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis and presents the results.ResultsIn the phase II and phase III studies considered here, different dosages of the mite tablet were investigated. The 300 IR mite tablet showed the best benefit–risk profile and has been approved in Europe, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand for the treatment of house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis.ConclusionAllergen immunotherapy with the 300 IR mite tablet is an effective treatment that relieves allergic symptoms, reduces the need for symptomatic medication, and improves the quality of life in both adults and adolescents with house dust mite-associated allergic rhinitis. At the same time, treatment with the 300 IR mite tablet is well tolerated. Mild to moderate reactions at the application site subside after a few days.
AC/DC Side Split Capacitor Power Decoupling Circuit
Authors: Liu Peng , Fan Yue , Zhang Yong-gao , Ze Si-yuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSingle-phase inverters have a wide range of applications in many fields, but there are inherent double frequency problems, and double frequency fluctuations can easily cause system instability. This paper proposes a mid-point common-mode injection power decoupling circuit. The advantage of this topology is that there are no additional switching devices and only the original DC side support capacitors and filter capacitors of the H-bridge inverter can be used to buffer the double frequency power. The half-bridge structure of this topology enables the AC side capacitors to operate positively and negatively, which can reduce the selection of the withstand voltage of the decoupling capacitor. Simulation and experimental results prove that the method can effectively suppress the secondary ripple on the DC side. The final data shows that the topology can effectively improve the system efficiency after decoupling.
Reflection on feasibility and usability of interactive online international exchange program for occupational therapy students
Authors: Suyama Natsuka , Inoue Kaoru , Sorasak Supatida , Thawisuk Chirathip , Watanabe Masaru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic affected international exchange programs due to travel restrictions. There are few reports of online international exchange programs in medical area and no report of interactive activities among students together for several months. To the best of our knowledge, we needed to seek the feasible approach to conduct online exchange program. We experienced online collaboration works to promote internationalization in occupational therapy (OT) undergraduate education. The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility and usability of an interactive online international exchange program, and discuss its challenges and advantages. The three-month program was newly developed, and aimed at cultivating an international perspective, understanding OT, and learning basic research skills. Students’ interests and the development of their motivation were considered in the program consisting of synchronous and asynchronous lectures, a collaboration research project, group work, and report assignments. Through the program, students were satisfied with the program contents and had the precious experience to develop international relationships. The online exchange program provided students with the opportunity to experience and learn OT education internationally at an economical cost, and to achieve program goal during the regular semester. In this program, students not only acquired knowledge in their professional field, but also cultivated their international communication skills in English from small group activities and social activities. Considering various communication methods was an important aspect in the virtual environment leading to a successful program. In medical education, an online program can be an effective and practical measure for international exchange.
The Advantages of Single-Room Management in an ICU and the Changing Trend of Drug-Resistant Bacteria over the Last 5 Years
Authors: Wang Ru , Xia Jing , Zhao Shibing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
We reviewed the benefits of an all-single-room intensive care unit in the prevention of hospital-acquired infection.

Method
The intensive care medicine department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College commenced single-room management in 2019. This study reviewed the prevalence of pathogenic bacterial infection and altered drug resistance of major pathogens in patients hospitalized from January 2016 to December 2020. Results of bacterial resistance and changes in bacterial numbers were analyzed separately and the two time periods compared.

Results
In 2016, 320 strains of pathogenic bacteria were identified compared with 601 in 2020. At both times, bacteria were predominantly gram-negative. The ratio of the number of pathogenic bacteria to the number of beds revealed a decreasing trend each year from 2016–2020: 22.86, 17.57, 28.36, 14.33, and 15.41 respectively (P < 0.05). The top five Gram-negative bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Burkholderia cepacia. The source of bacteria was mainly sputum, followed by blood, and the site of infection was predominantly the respiratory tract. Staphylococcus aureus resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and erythromycin had decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Among the multi-drug resistant bacteria detected, only penicillin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and penicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased after the introduction of single-room wards (P = 0.025, P = 0.002 respectively).

Conclusion
Introduction of a single-room ward directly or indirectly reduced the possibility of cross-infection. The establishment of single-room wards has no adverse effects and was beneficial to patients, the department and the hospital.
Improvement of FFD parametric approach in the application of a lifting body
Authors: Leng J.-x. , Wang Z.-g. , Huang W. , Shen Y. , An K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFFD (free-form deformation method) is one of the most commonly used parameterisation methods at present. It places the parameterised objects inside the control volume through coordinate system transformation, and controls the control volume through control points, thus realising the deformation control of its internal objects. Firstly, this paper systematically analyses and compares the characteristics and technical requirements of Bernstein, B-spline and NURBS (non-uniform rational b-splines) basic functions that can be adopted by FFD, and uses the minimum number of control points required to achieve the specified control effect threshold to express the control capability. Aiming at the problem of discontinuity at the right end in the actual calculation of B-spline basis function, a method of adding a small epsilon is proposed to solve it. Then, three basic functions are applied to the FFD parameterisation method, respectively, and the differences are compared from two aspects of the accurate expression of the model and the ability of deformation control. It is found that the BFFD (b-spline free-form deformation) approach owns better comprehensive performance when the control points are distributed correctly. In this paper, the BFFD method is improved, and a p-BFFD (reverse solution points based BFFD) method based on inverse solution is proposed to realise the free distribution of control points under the specified topology. Further, for the lifting body configuration, the control points of the p-BFFD method are brought closer to the airframe forming the EDGE-p-BFFD (edge constraints based p-BFFD) method. For the case in this paper, the proposed EDGE-p-BFFD method not only has fairly high parameterisation accuracy, but also reduces the expression error from 1.01E-3 to 1.25E-4, which is nearly ten times. It can also achieve effective lifting body guideline constraints, and has the ability of local deformation adapting to the configuration characteristics. In terms of the proportion of effective control points, the EDGE-p-BFFD method increases the proportion of effective control points from 36.7% to 50%, and the more control points, the more obvious the proportion increase effect. The new method also has better effect on the continuity of geometric deformation. At the same time, this paper introduces the independent deformation method of the upper and lower surfaces based on the double control body frames, which effectively avoids the deformation coupling problem of the simultaneous change of the upper and lower surfaces caused by the movement of control points in the traditional single control framework.
Population development as a driver of coastal risk: Current trends and future pathways
Authors: Reimann Lena , Vafeidis Athanasios T. , Honsel Lars E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoastal areas are subject to hazards that can result in severe impacts due to the high concentration of people and assets in exposed locations. While climate-induced sea-level rise will exacerbate these hazards in the course of the 21st century, future dynamics in socioeconomic development will play an important role in driving impacts – as well as adaptation responses – in particular in countries with rapid population growth in low-lying coastal areas. Here, we synthesize the current state of knowledge related to current and future population development in coastal locations and the underlying trends in socioeconomic development affecting coastal impacts at continental to global scales. Currently, 2.15 billion people live in the near-coastal zone and 898 million in the low-elevation coastal zone globally. These numbers could increase to 2.9 billion and 1.2 billion, respectively, depending on the socioeconomic scenario (i.e., Shared Socioeconomic Pathway [SSP]) considered. Nevertheless, although these numbers indicate a rapid increase in exposure of population and assets to coastal hazards, they bear limited information about the actual impacts as they do not include information on the vulnerability of coastal population. Based on these insights, we stress the need to account for dynamics in socioeconomic development in coastal risk assessments, including exposure as well as vulnerability, and additionally exploring potential feedbacks due to adaptation responses and migration decisions. Last, we propose action points for future work that can inform long-term coastal planning for managing coastal risks.
Reciprocal properties of random fields on undirected graphs
Authors: Erhardsson Torkel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe clarify and refine the definition of a reciprocal random field on an undirected graph, with the reciprocal chain as a special case, by introducing four new properties: the factorizing, global, local, and pairwise reciprocal properties, in decreasing order of strength, with respect to a set of nodes
$\delta$
. They reduce to the better-known Markov properties if
$\delta$
is the empty set, or, with the exception of the local property, if
$\delta$
is a complete set. Conditions for each reciprocal property to imply the next stronger property are derived, and it is shown that, conditionally on the values at a set of nodes
$\delta_0$
, all four properties are preserved for the subgraph induced by the remaining nodes, with respect to the node set
$\delta\setminus\delta_0$
. We note that many of the above results are new even for reciprocal chains.
Effect of a fishing closure on Chamelea gallina stocks along the Turkish coast
Authors: Dağtekin Murat , Dalgıç Göktuğ , Erbay Murat , Özcan Akpinar İlkay , Aydın Mehmet , Özdemir Süleyman , Karayücel Sedat , Özyurt Caner Enver 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The striped venus clam Chamelea gallina (SVE), plays an important role as an infaunal filter-feeder in the ecosystem, besides an important economic role in the Black Sea coasts of Turkey. It is caught using hydraulic dredge boats, then processed, and the final product (frozen meat) is exported to EU countries. SVE fishing requires a special licence and regulations. Also, SVE beds were closed to fisheries for the recovery of stocks for 2 years. In the study, SVE beds were investigated during the closed season over two years to assess stock density. Additionally, the number of macrobenthic species that share the same habitat as the SVE was determined. The sampling area was divided into five sub-areas and four strata by depth and then stratified random sampling was applied to collect data. In 2011, SVE stock sizes in the sub-areas were 11,723.58 ± 5167.262 tons (Cide), 35,082.94 ± 27,510.95 tons (İnebolu), 10,077.05 ± 4970.68 tons (Türkeli), 3304.36 ± 3215.1 tons (Ayancık) and 1431.3 ± 1703.5 tons (Sarıkum). In 2012, these estimated stocks were 13,820.41 ± 6977.86 tons, 34,841.94 ± 14,623.71 tons, 8148.27 ± 5006.74 tons, 3420.72 ± 3093.67 tons and 2023.74 ± 2832.63 tons, respectively. However, the estimated SVE total biomass did not change significantly during the period when the fields were closed (P > 0.05). The results indicate that length-weight relationship parameters varied of b from 2.9011–2.9072 in two years. Shell damage during fishing, environmental factors, food competition and consumption by the main predator all have a significant impact on stock densities, and changes occurring in these conditions should be considered in fisheries management.
Accidental Scientists: How Undergraduate Research in Political Science Can Help to Patch the “Leaky Pipeline” in STEM Education
Authors: Mueller Lisa 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTEducation advocates lament the “leaky pipeline” in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), whereby students—especially minorities and women—drop out of STEM at successive stages of the educational system. Defining empirical political science as a branch of STEM, this article proposes that undergraduate research in political science can help to patch this leaky pipeline and expand access to scientific skills and habits of mind. I elaborate on three rationales to support my claim: (1) political science is a relatively diverse field of STEM; (2) college primes students to think like (political) scientists; and (3) students often encounter political science research opportunities for the first time as undergraduates, presenting an opportunity for faculty to “catch” those who selected out of STEM after high school. I substantiate my arguments by drawing on enrollment data, archival documents, the theories of John Dewey, and testimonials from former undergraduate researchers. I also recommend ways for political science departments to provide a meaningful STEM education by enhancing research programs.