bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of KLF14 accelerated cellular senescence and aging
Authors: Hou Yuli , Song Qiao , Wang Yaqi , Liu Jing , Cui Yuting , Zhang Xiaomin , Zhang Jingjing , Fu Jingxuan , Cao Min , Zhang Chi , Liu Congcong , Wang Xiaoling , Duan Huanli , Wang Peichang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aging has been considered as a risk factor in many diseases, thus, comprehensively understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of delayed aging is important. Here we investigated whether KLF14 is a suppressor of cellular senescence and aging. In our research, KLF14 levels significantly decreased not only in the serum and lymphocytes of healthy people but also in the cells and tissues of mice with aging. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments on cells and mice to reveal the function of KLF14 in aging. KLF14 deficiency facilitates cellular senescence and aging-related pathologies in C57BL/6 mice, whereas KLF14 overexpression attenuates cellular senescence. Mechanistically, KLF14 delays aging by binding to the POLD1 promoter to positively regulate POLD1 expression. Remarkably, cellular senescence mediated by KLF14 downregulation could be alleviated by POLD1expression. In addition, perhexiline, an agonist of KLF14, could delay cellular senescence and aging-related pathologies in SAMP8 mice by inducing POLD1 expression, as perhexiline could enhance the effect of KLF14’s transcription activation to POLD1 by elevating the binding level of KLF14 to the POLD1 promoter. Our data indicate that KLF14 might be a critical element in aging by upregulating POLD1 expression, indicating that the activation of KLF14 may delay aging and aging-associated diseases.
Redefining the connectome: A multi-modal, asymmetric, weighted, and signed description of anatomical connectivity
Authors: Tanner Jacob , Faskowitz Joshua , Teixeira Andreia Sofia , Seguin Caio , Coletta Ludovico , Gozzi Alessandro , Misic Bratislav , Betzel Richard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The macroscale connectome is the network of physical, white-matter tracts between brain areas. The connections are generally weighted and their values interpreted as measures of communication efficacy. In most applications, weights are either assigned based on imaging features--e.g. diffusion parameters--or inferred using statistical models. In reality, the ground-truth weights are unknown, motivating the exploration of alternative edge weighting schemes. Here, we explore a multi-modal (combining diffusion and functional MRI data) regression-based, explanatory model that endows reconstructed fiber tracts with directed and signed weights. Benchmarking this method on Human Connectome Project data, we find that the model fits observed data well, outperforming a suite of null models. The estimated weights are subject-specific and highly reliable, even when fit using relatively few training samples. Next, we analyze the resulting network using graph-theoretic tools from network neuroscience, revealing bilaterally symmetric communities that span cerebral hemispheres. These communities exhibit a clear mapping onto known functional systems. We also study the shortest paths structure of this network, discovering that almost every edge participates in at least one shortest path. We also find evidence of robust asymmetries in edge weights, that the network reconfigures in response to naturalistic stimuli, and that estimated edge weights differ with age. In summary, we offer a simple framework for weighting connectome data, demonstrating both its ease of implementation while benchmarking its utility for typical connectome analyses, including graph theoretic modeling and brain-behavior associations.
DeepTrace: Learning to Optimize Contact Tracing in Epidemic Networks with Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Tan Chee Wei , Yu Pei-Duo , CHEN Siya , Poor H. Vincent 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The goal of digital contact tracing is to diminish the spread of an epidemic or pandemic by detecting and mitigating public health emergencies using digital technologies. Since the start of the COVID-$19$ pandemic, a wide variety of mobile digital apps have been deployed to identify people exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and to stop onward transmission. Tracing sources of spreading (i.e., backward contact tracing), has been used in Japan and Australia, has proven crucial as going backward can pick up infections that might otherwise be missed at superspreading events. Can network science robustify backward contact tracing? How to automatically optimize data-driven contact tracing? This will entail a learning by design approach. In this paper, we formulate the forward and backward contact tracing problem for contagion source inference as a maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation problem with iterative infection networked data sampling. This covers a well-known special case of a priori knowing the entire infection network topology. As the full infection network topology is rarely accurately known upfront, this problem is challenging to solve due to its combinatorial complexity, problem scale and the speed of spreading as a disease virus becomes more infectious over time (e.g., the COVID-19 Omicron variant). We propose a Graph Neural Network (GNN) learning framework, DeepTrace, to efficiently compute the ML estimator and to track the most-likely superspreader iteratively as the contact tracing networked data grows in size. The GNN supervised learning leverages the likelihood-estimation structure so as to endow the training set with useful topological features to facilitate accelerated training time and convergence behavior. Using data of COVID-19 variants with different infectiousness property, we show that DeepTrace has better performance than the state-of-the-art for identifying superspreaders and can serve as a statistically rigorous basis to design scalable digital contact tracing for future epidemics.
Klotho Reduces the Risk of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A cross-sectional Study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Jiang Jialin , Liu Qinyu , Mao Yaqian , Wang Nengyin , Lin Wei , Li Liantao , Liang Jixing , Chen Gang , Huang Huibin , Wen Junping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: We explored a convenient and accurate factor to predict the risk factors of osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal women based on the study of the database.
Methods: This is a retrospective study. We searched and collected the data of 3 survey cycles in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, and included 885 postmenopausal women over 50 years old. All participants took dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry examination and serum Klotho test at the time of investigation. We used logistic regression to predict the risk model, and used P for trend and restricted cubic spline (RCS) to explore the nonlinear relationship between variables.
Results: The influencing factors of OP included age, race, BMI and Klotho. Klotho is a protective factor (OR[log2Klotho] =0.561, P =0.023). We build a prediction model to evaluate the prediction ability. The C-index is 0.765, indicating a good prediction ability. After adjusting the full variable, P for trend has significant difference. RCS showed that when Klotho concentration reached 824.09pg/ml, the risk of OP decreased significantly.
Conclusion: Through the study of NHANES database, we propose that Klotho is a protective factor for postmenopausal OP, and it can be used to assess the risk of OP.
Is the proximal femoral nail antirotation better than hemiarthroplasty ? : A Meta-analysis involving 1283 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures
Authors: OUYang jian-feng , Yuan hong , Li Binquan , Du Xiufan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND

Surgical treatment is an accepted method for intertrochanteric fractures. For the older adults accompanied by severe osteoporosis and other diseases, how to treat intertrochanteric fractures still remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of proximal femoral nail antirotation versus hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in older adults through meta-analysis.

METHODS

According to the Cochrane system evaluation, a computer-based retrieval of Medline、Pubmed、SPINGER、John Wiley、Science Direct、Elsevier、SAGE、EBSCO databases between 2000 and 2018 was performed. The keywords were “proximal femoral nail ant-irotation or PFNA, hemiarthroplasty, unstable intertrochanteric fractures” in English respectively. The literate was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then quality evaluation was conducted. Meta-analysis was undergone on the Rev-Man 5.1.

RUSULTS :

(1) Twelve clinical trials were included, involving 1283 patients, and including 6 randomized controlled trials. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that the operation time in the proximal femoral nail antirotation group was shorter [MD=-17.02, 95%Cl(-29.64,-4.77), P < 0༎01], intraoperative blood loss was lower [MD=-216.91, 95༅CI(-269.84, -163.99), P < 0.01], hospitalization time was shorter [MD=-1.72, 95༅CI(-3.25, -0.19), P < 0.05], the postoperative in HSS was higher [MD = 4༎78, 95༅Cl(2.59, 6༎97), P < 0.01], excellent and good rate of postoperative HSS was better [RR = 1.54, 95༅Cl(1.09, 2.16, P < 0.05], compared with the hemiarthroplasty group. (3) In the hemiarthroplasty group, the ambulation time was earlier [MD = 4.8, 95༅CI(1.31, 8.29), P < 0.01], but the rate of mortality was higher [RR = 0.5, 95༅Cl༈0.36, 0.70, P < 0.01], compared with the proximal femoral nail antirotation group. (4) There was no significant difference between two groups in the postoperative Implant-related or medical complications, re-operation rates and infection rate (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

For the treatment of senile unstable intertrochanteric fractures, the proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nailing is faster, less intraoperative bleeding, shorter hospital stay, better postoperative function and lower mortality, and its efficacy is better than that of hemiarthroplasty.
Integration of Fractal Geometry and Correspondence Analysis Geochemistry Methods to Reconnaissance High-Potential Promising Areas in a Field of NE Iran
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Kianoush Pooria , Shirinabadi Reza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The background Anomaly separation is one of the essential stages in geochemical explorations. Most geochemical and geostatistical works in mining exploration aim to identify an anomaly better based on scientific discussions. In this paper, Integrating the correspondence analysis and fractal method, the results of analysis data for river sediment sampling at the Khusf area in NE Iran have been investigated. Correspondence analysis with 170 data samples and 20 elements was done. According to correspondence analysis, separating one or several elements is the reason for anomalous value in the study area. Separating one or several samples is the reason for the aimed elements at the studied samples. The results of seven samples show the highest concentration relative to the variables Pb, As, and Cd elements. The correspondence analysis results show that the Khusf area at some locations for Pb, Cd, and as elements have been probability anomalous. After the correspondence analysis, the best variogram for the Khusf area using Win_Gslib software was obtained. The obtained variogram and designed network for estimation by the kriging method at the mentioned area was used. Therefore using the fractal method, three statistical sets determined that the third set showed the anomaly for Pb, Cd and As elements nearly. The separation value, respectively, determined about 55, 7.2, and 0.88 ppm. Finally, it is suggested that this region has the potential of essential metals, especially of the above elements, and will carry out geophysical operations on a local identification scale.
Consequences of polyploidy and divergence as revealed by cytogenetic mapping of repetitive elements in African clawed frogs (Xenopus, Pipidae)
Authors: Fornaini Nicola R. , Bergelová Barbora , Gvoždík Václav , Černohorská Halina , Krylov Vladimír , Kubíčková Svatava , Fokam Eric B. , Badjedjea Gabriel , Evans Ben J. , Knytl Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Repetitive elements have multiple copies in a genome and have been identified in several amphibian genomes using whole genome sequencing, but few studies have used cytogenetic mapping to visualize these elements in this vertebrate group. Here we compared the numbers and positions of repetitive elements in diploid and tetraploid species of the genus Xenopus, specifically between the diploid Xenopus tropicalis and its close allotetraploid relative X. calcaratus (both from Silurana subgenus), and also in more phylogenetically distant allotetraploids from the amieti, muelleri, and laevis species groups (all from subgenus Xenopus). Results allowed us to qualitatively evaluate the relative roles of polyploidization and divergence in the evolution of repetitive elements because our focal species include allotetraploid species derived from two independent polyploidization events – one closely related to the diploid species and one that is more distant. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to map the U1 and U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), histone H3, and retroelement Rex3 repeat loci. Our results demonstrated that U1 and U2 snRNA loci were conserved in copy number and position in the Silurana genomes, with one copy of U1 and U2 snRNA in diploid genome and one copy in each subgenome of allotetraploid species in subgenus Silurana and the muelleri species group. However, snRNA content varied among allotetraploid species in the amieti and laevis species groups, with only one U1 and U2 snRNA copy present in the entire allotetraploid genome of three species. Probes interrogating repetitive H3 and Rex3 loci were present on all chromosomes in diploid and allotetraploid species in subgenus Silurana, and in the muelleri species group. In the amieti and laevis species groups, H3 and Rex3 repeats were present on about half of all chromosomes. Overall, the results indicated that variation in the position and copy number of repetitive elements increases with phylogenetic distance, with high conservation in diploid and tetraploid Silurana species but more variation between Xenopus subgenera and among species groups in the subgenus Xenopus. In general and as expected, the effect of allotetraploidization was to increase the copy number of repetitive elements relative to diploid species, with the exception of the amieti and laevis species groups.
Determinants of malaria infections among children in refugee settlements in Uganda. Analysis of data from Uganda malaria indicator survey, 2018-19
Authors: Musoke Henry Semakula , Liang Song , Mukwaya Paul Isolo , Mugagga Frank , Swahn Monica , Nseka Denis , Wasswa Hannington , Kayima Patrick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Globally, 5% of 247 million global malaria cases are reported Uganda which is also one of the top refugee hosting countries in Africa, with 1.36 million refugees currently. Although malaria is an emerging challenge for humanitarian response in refugee settlements, little is known about its risk factors. The study analysed data from the 2018-19 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (UMIS) to determine the factors associated with malaria infections among refugee children under five years of age.
Methods
The analysis was run using the ‘Individual dataset’ of UMIS. The independent variables related to the demographic, social-economic and environmental information on 3,481 refugees spreading across the country. The rapid diagnostics test results was the outcome variable. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of the malaria infections.
Results
Overall, the prevalence of malaria infections in all refugee settlements across the nine hosting districts was 36.6%. Malaria infections were higher in refugee settlements located in Isingiro (98.7%), Kyegegwa (58.6%) and Arua (57.4%) districts. The odds of contracting malaria were higher in refugee households whose children were aged 31–45 months (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.32–3.47) and above 45 months (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.22–3.32). Households whose main sources of domestic water were open water sources, boreholes and water tanks, were 1.22 (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.08–0.59), 2.11(AOR = 2.11, 95% CI = 0.91–4.89) and 4.47(AOR = 4.47, 95% CI = 1.67–11.9) times more likely to have their children contracting malaria. Households which used pit latrines and those without any toilet facility or used open defecation methods were 1.48 (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.03–2.13) and 3.29 (AOR = 3.29, 95% CI = 1.54–7.05) times more likely to have their children contracting malaria. Households which did not have insecticide treated bed nets or sprayed their households were 1.15 (AOD = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.43–3.13) and 8.04 (AOD = 8.04, 95% CI = 2.47–26.2) times more likely to have their children contracting malaria. Households which did not know that mosquito bites caused malaria, were 1.09 (AOD = 1.09, 95%=0.79–1.51) times more likely to have their children getting malaria.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that humanitarian responses and investments that reduce survival, biting, feeding, parasite development and breeding of mosquitoes will provide malaria health benefits in refugee settlements in Uganda.
Prospects of Innovative Development of the Agricultural Sector
Authors: Sayyora Akramovna Tokhirovna Nargiza Nasimovna Gulnoza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
At the recent time, the Republic of Uzbekistan is taking consistent measures to ensure the wider integration of science, education and industry, the creation and application of new knowledge, the introduction of innovative technologies and best practices. However, the results of research on the introduction of innovative technologies and the development of the agricultural sector have not reached the lowest levels of the industry, and problems that have not been solved for years are hindering the rapid development of the agricultural sector. Therefore, in the future “... the creation of effective mechanisms for the dissemination of knowledge integrated with the production of research, education and consulting services as one of the main directions of agricultural development, science, education, information and consulting Development of a system of services” has been identified as a priority. The current situation requires the development of scientific and methodological foundations for improving the efficiency of innovative processes in agricultural entities, including increasing the economic potential of crop production, and conducting systematic studies of the scientific, theoretical and methodological aspects of these processes.
Structural Genomic Rearrangements in Common Cancer Types
Authors: Jayathunga W.Hashini 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Cancer genome can be used to understand the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and to develop possible therapeutic interventions. Somatic mutations cannot be inherited by next-generation while mutations in germ line cells will be transmitted to the next progeny. One of the important cancer genome databases is Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) created by using modern sequencing technology to identify the somatic variations in the cancer genome. We used COSMIC (Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer) to analyze the relationship between different mutation types with different types of cancer. Chromosome17 showed the highest rearrangement density, and most cancers in humans occur due to intra-chromosomal structural changes with non-inverted orientation. Inter-chromosomal deletion mutations were seen in all the primary sites except the urinary tract.
Unusual crystal structures of MHC class I complexes reveal the elusive intermediate conformations explored during peptide editing in antigen presentation
Authors: Li Lenong , Peng Xubiao , Batliwala Mansoor , Bouvier Marlene 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Studies have suggested that MHC class I (MHC I) molecules fluctuate rapidly between conformational states as they sample peptides for potential ligands. To date, MHC I intermediates are largely uncharacterized experimentally and remain elusive. We present x-ray crystal structures of HLA-B8 loaded with 20mer peptides that show significant conformational heterogeneity at the N-terminus of the groove. Long stretches of N-terminal residues were missing in the electron density maps creating an unstructured and widely open-ended groove. Our structures also revealed highly unusual features in MHC I and peptide conformations, and in MHC I-peptide interaction at the N-terminus of the groove. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the complexes have varying degrees of flexibility in a manner consistent with the structures. We suggest that our structures represent transient substates explored by MHC I molecules during peptide editing. The visualization of peptide-dependent conformational flexibility in MHC I groove is a major step forward in our conceptual understanding of peptide repertoire development in antigen presentation. Our study also raises questions about the role of the N-terminus of the groove in peptide editing.
Understanding the Pathways between Exposure to Heavy Metals and Oncogenesis from a Public Health Perspective, a Rapid Review of Literature.
Authors: Varela-Jaramillo Santiago , Taub-Krivoy Alex , Suarez-Gómez Santiago A. , Serrano Eduardo , Villamil-Patiño Gabriela , Torres Juan F. , Palencia-Sánchez Francisco 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide with progressively increasing incidence related to multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. According to WHO, in 2020 around 18.1 million new cases were reported being breast cancer, the most common with 2.26 million cases followed by lung with 2.20 million and colorectum with 1.93 million. The relationship between cancer and exogenous metal exposure is not new, nevertheless, it was not until recent years that clear pathways were described. Although many metallic elements are required for different physiological and biochemical pathways, at elevated concentrations they have different reported pathological mechanisms. When ingested, heavy metals get oxidized with gastric acid, some become lipophilic, and others induce Reactive Oxygen Species and disrupt processes involving DNA replication, protein synthesis, and folding. The most common heavy metal groups reported include Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), and Zinc (Zn), among others. The main objective of this study is to review, the different mechanisms proposed for oncogenesis related to exposure to heavy metal carcinogenesis including, a broad approach to the epidemiology of cancer and its relationship with heavy metals and synthesizing the evidence related to the carcinogenesis of heavy metals and describe the pathophysiological pathway involved in oncogenesis.
Using the combination of heat pipe and thermoelectric generator to recover waste heat to generate electricity
Authors: Nezhad Shahrooz Abbasi , Maroufi Arman , Aghanajafi Cyrus , Akbari Ghasem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A structure has been proposed in this paper for generating electricity from a waste heat recovery system using various experiences of research on the exploitation of thermoelectric effect, which allows the direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. For this purpose, this paper has presented a new method for waste heat recovery in industry and converting it to electricity using a thermoelectric generator (TEG). The proposed system is a combination of a heat pipe and a thermoelectric generator. Indeed, the system consists of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) based on bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), placed between two heat pipes. The proposed system is presented in two separate designs including a heat exchanger based on simple TEM1 and volumetric TEMs and has been implemented in MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the heat exchanger based on volumetric TEMs is 18% superior to the heat exchanger with simple TEM in producing electricity.