bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil moisture modulates biological nitrification inhibitors release in sorghum plants
Authors: Bozal-Leorri Adrián , Arregui Luis Miguel , Torralbo Fernando , González-Moro Mª Begoña , González-Murua Carmen , Aparicio-Tejo Pedro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is able to exude allelochemicals with biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) capacity. Therefore, sorghum might be an option as cover crop since its BNI ability may reduce N pollution in the following crop due to a decreased nitrification. However, BNI exudation is related to the physiological state and development of the plant, so abiotic stresses such as drought might modify the rate of BNI exudation. Hence, the objective was to determine the effect of drought stress on sorghum plants’ BNI release.

Methods
The residual effects of sorghum crops over ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were monitored in a 3-year field experiment. In a controlled-conditions experiment, sorghum plants were grown under Watered (60% WFPS) or Moderate drought (30% WFPS) conditions, and fertilized with ammonium sulphate (A), ammonium sulphate + DMPP (A+D), or potassium nitrate (KNO3−). Soil mineral N was determined, and AOB populations were quantified. Additionally, plant biomass, isotopic discrimination of N and C, and photosynthetic parameters were measured in sorghum plants.

Results
In the driest year, sorghum was able to reduce the AOB relative abundance by 50% at field conditions. In the plant-soil microcosm, drought stress reduced leaf photosynthetic parameters, which had an impact on plant biomass. Under these conditions, sorghum plants exposed to Moderate drought reduced the AOB abundance of A treatment by 25% compared to Watered treatment.

Conclusion
The release of BNI by sorghum under limited water conditions might ensure high soil NH4+-N pool for crop uptake due to a reduction of nitrifying microorganisms.
Subgroup Analyses of Girl2Girl, a Text Messaging-Based Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program for Sexual Minority Girls: Results from a National RCT
Authors: Ybarra Michele L. , Saewyc Elizabeth , Rosario Margaret , Dunsiger Shira 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate whether Girl2Girl, a text messaging-based pregnancy prevention program for cisgender LGB+ girls, had different effects on subgroups based on age, sexual identity, and experience with penile-vaginal sex. A total of 948 girls, 14–18 years old, were recruited nationally via social media and enrolled over the telephone. Once they completed the baseline, they were randomized to either Girl2Girl or an attention-matched control program that discussed “healthy lifestyle” topics (e.g., self-esteem). Both programs were 5 months long: Girls received daily messages for 8 weeks, and then went through a “latent” period of 3 months, and finished with a 1-week review. Outcome measures included condom-protected sex, uptake of other types of birth control, abstinence, and pregnancy. Measures were collected at baseline; 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month post-intervention end, which was 17 months after enrollment. Effect modification was examined using longitudinal mixed effects models. Overall, results suggested significant moderating effects of age, (f2 = .12), sexual identity (f2 < .14), and sexual experience (f2 = .11) on rates of condom use and use of other contraception. Although there were no significant moderating effects on pregnancy, abstinence, or intentions to use condoms, use birth control, or be abstinent, (p’s > .16), patterns of effects were in the same direction as for significant findings. For example, at 9-month post-intervention, among those who identified as bisexual, the incidence rate of protected sex events was 39% higher for intervention vs. control (IRR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06–2.70), adjusting for baseline rate of condom use and sexual experience. Similarly, at 12 months, among bisexual participants, intervention participants had a significantly higher IRR of condom-protected sexual events (IRR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.31–5.34). There were also higher odds of uptake of birth control use other than condoms for intervention vs. control at 6- (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01–1.77), 9 m (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07–1.89), and 12-month (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07–1.78) follow-up. Girl2Girl appears to be particularly effective for older adolescents, bisexual girls, and those who have already had penile-vaginal sex. No one single approach is going to affect teen pregnancy. Instead, it is more likely that different intervention content and delivery methods will be more accessible and salient to some but not other youth. Understanding for whom the intervention works is just as important as understanding for whom the intervention does not, as this can inform opportunities for future intervention development.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID# NCT03029962.
The Institutionalization of Hatred Politics in the Mediterranean: Studying Corpora of Online News Portals During the European ‘Refugee Crisis’
Authors: Serafis Dimitris , Zappettini Franco , Assimakopoulos Stavros 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to study the argumentative basis on which the prevention of migration is justified and hatred politics is institutionalised in three Mediterranean settings, namely Greece, Malta, and Italy, that were at the centre of the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ in 2015–2017. Following the rubric of corpus-assisted Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) to Critical Discourse Studies (CDS), we trace (a) the main meaningful patterns, and (b) discursive and argumentation strategies (topoi) in three balanced corpora of mainstream news portals aligned with centre-right and centre-left political views. Among our main findings, the mobilisation of migrant populations is construed as an extremely polarised issue both in national and EU contexts and claims in favour of its prevention are justified on topoi of danger/threat, numbers and burdening/weighing down.
Predicting the pathological invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma prior to surgery using Deauville criteria: reliability and validity
Authors: Nishimori Miki , Iwasa Hitomi , Nakaji Kosuke , Nitta Noriko , Miyatake Kana , Yoshimatsu Rika , Yamanishi Tomoaki , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Kato Mahiru , Hayashi Naoya , Toi Makoto , Tamura Masaya , Yamagami Takuji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose

This retrospective study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of FDG-PET/CT visual assessment using Deauville criteria to predict pathological invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma prior to surgery.

Materials and methods

Between April 2020 and January 2022, 51 patients who underwent surgery for pathological stage 0/I lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled. The pulmonary lesions were divided into two groups according to pathological invasiveness: less invasive (including adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma. We compared CT size (total and solid size), SUVmax, and Deauville score between the two groups. Furthermore, we investigated inter-rater and intra-rater agreements regarding the Deauville score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to identify the diagnostic performance of each method.

Results

Based on pathologic diagnoses, 51 lesions in the 51 patients were divided into 6 less invasive and 45 invasive adenocarcinoma lesions. According to quadratic-weighted Kappa statistics, inter-rater (k = 0.93) and intra-rater (k = 0.97) agreements among all five components of the Deauville score indicated high agreement. There was a statistically significant difference in CT solid size, SUVmax, and Deauville score between the two groups. There were no significant differences between CT solid size and FDG-PET/CT assessments (AUC = 0.93 for Deauville score and SUVmax, AUC = 0.84 for CT solid size).

Conclusion
FDG-PET/CT visual assessment using the Deauville score could assist in deciding upon minimally invasive surgery for early lung adenocarcinoma.
Normwerte und Prädiktoren des Level of Service Inventory – Revised in der forensischen Suchtbehandlung gemäß § 64 StGB
Authors: Langenstück Lena-Marie , Querengässer Jan , Schiffer Boris 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungBei steigenden Zahlen von Unterbringungen gemäß § 64 StGB und zugleich hohen Erledigungsquoten über 50 % besteht großer Bedarf an einer differenzierten Analyse der Risikoprofile und entsprechender Behandlungsbedarfe in der Gruppe der suchtkranken Straftäter. Das Level of Service Inventory – Revised (LSI-R) ist ein strukturiertes Instrument der Risikoprognostik, für das validierte Normwerte für männliche, erwachsene Strafgefangene vorliegen. Es integriert Informationen zu statischen und dynamischen Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren. Mit dem Ziel der Identifikation charakteristischer Merkmale und Risikoprofile von gemäß § 64 StGB untergebrachten Patienten wurde eine klinikübergreifende Vollerhebung einer 9‑Monats-Kohorte aus 4 Entziehungsanstalten in Nordrhein-Westfalen durchgeführt (n = 205). Als Datengrundlage dienten neben dem LSI-R-Rating u. a. die Basisdatendokumentation sowie suchtspezifische Angaben zu den jeweiligen Patienten. Die Analyse des LSI-R-Gesamt-Scores ergab für die Maßregelvollzugsstichprobe im Mittel einen Wert von M = 29,36 (SD = 7,21), was den Mittelwert der JVA-Normstichprobe (M = 24,65, SD = 7,35) signifikant übersteigt (Dahle 2006). Über 70 % der Maßregelvollzugspatienten lassen sich den beiden höchsten Risikokategorien (hohes bzw. sehr hohes Risiko) zuordnen. Prädiktive Effekte in Bezug auf den LSI-R-Gesamt-Score zeigten sich v. a. für die anamnestischen Variablen höchste besuchte Schulform, schwerstes Delikt, Hauptdiagnose und Substitution. Auch zeigte sich, dass eine Reihe frühkindlicher Verhaltensauffälligkeiten signifikant mit dem LSI-R-Gesamt-Score kovariieren. Aus den Ergebnissen lassen sich Rückschlüsse auf relevante statische und dynamische Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren von Maßregelvollzugspatienten ableiten, welche insbesondere in Bezug auf die Therapie(planung) von Bedeutung sein können. Die vorhandenen Befunde dienen als Grundlage für weitergehende, vertiefende, längsschnittliche Analysen.
Plasma-Assisted Green Synthesis of ZnO Directly on Polyethylene Terephthalate Fabric
Authors: Verbič Anja , Brenčič Katja , Primc Gregor , Mozetič Miran , Šala Martin , Gorjanc Marija 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article presents green in situ synthesis of ZnO directly on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics using pomegranate peel extract. The surface of PET was activated by environmentally friendly oxygen plasma, and the process was compared to alkali treatment where the extract of wood ash was used instead of classical chemicals. Sorption analysis showed that the hydrophilic character of the plasma-treated sample was much better than that of the alkali-treated and untreated samples. Both treatments slightly decreased the breaking strength and elongation of the fabric. Scanning electron microscopy, colour measurements, dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and antioxidant activity investigations showed that the ZnO particles were successfully synthesised on alkali- and plasma-treated PET. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed that ellagic acid and punicalagin were the most abundant compounds in the pomegranate peel extract that enabled the synthesis of ZnO. The UV protection, amount of ZnO, and uniformity were the highest for the ZnO prepared on the PET samples by the plasma-assisted green synthesis. Additional optical assessment of fabric porosity and thickness measurements confirmed that these fabrics have excellent UV protection due to the presence of ZnO.
Paired Synoptic and Long-Term Monitoring Datasets Reveal Decadal Shifts in Suspended Sediment Supply and Particulate Organic Matter Sources in a River-Estuarine System
Authors: Richardson C. M. , Young M. , Paytan A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The San Francisco Estuary, in central California, has several long-running monitoring programs that have been used to reveal human-induced changes throughout the estuary in the last century. Here, we pair synoptic records of particulate organic matter (POM) composition from 1990–1996 and 2007–2016 with more robust long-term monitoring program records of total suspended sediment (TSS) concentrations generally starting in the mid-1970s to better understand how POM and TSS sources and transport have shifted. Specifically, POM C:N ratios and stable isotope values were used as indicators of POM source and to separate the bulk POC pool into detrital and phytoplankton components. We found that TSS and POC sources have shifted significantly across the estuary in time and space from declines in terrestrial inputs. Landward freshwater and brackish water sites, in the Delta and near Suisun Bay, witnessed long-term declines in TSS (32 to 52%), while seaward sites, near San Pablo Bay, recorded recent increases in TSS (16 to 121%) that began to trend downwards at the end of the record considered. Bulk POM C:N ratios shifted coeval with the TSS concentration changes at nearly all sites, with mean declines of 12 to 27% between 1990–1996 and 2007–2016. The widespread declines in bulk POM C:N ratios and inferred changes in POC concentrations from TSS trends, along with the substantial declines in upstream TSS supply through time (56%), suggest measurable reductions in terrestrial inputs to the system. Changes in terrestrial TSS and POM inputs have implications for biotic (e.g., food web dynamics) and abiotic organic matter cycling (e.g., burial, export) along the estuarine continuum. This work demonstrates how human-generated environmental changes can propagate spatially and temporally through a large river-estuary system. More broadly, we show how underutilized monitoring program datasets can be paired with existing (and often imperfect) synoptic records to generate new system insight in lieu of new data collection.
Digitalization for supply chain resilience and robustness: The roles of collaboration and formal contracts
Authors: Li Ying , Li Dakun , Liu Yuyang , Shou Yongyi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlack swan events such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak cause substantial supply chain disruption risks to modern companies. In today’s turbulent and complex business environment, supply chain resilience and robustness as two critical capabilities for firms to cope with disruptions have won substantial attention from both the academia and industry. Accordingly, this study intends to explore how digitalization helps build supply chain resilience and robustness. Adopting organizational information processing theory, it proposes the mediating effect of supply chain collaboration and the moderating effect of formal contracts. Using survey data of Chinese manufacturing firms, the study applied structural equation modelling to test the research model. Results show that digitalization has a direct effect on supply chain resilience, and supply chain collaboration can directly facilitate both resilience and robustness. Our study also indicates a complementary mediating effect of supply chain collaboration on the relationship between digitalization and supply chain resilience and an indirect-only mediation effect on the relationship between digitalization and supply chain robustness. Findings reveal the differential roles of digitalization as a technical factor and supply chain collaboration as an organizational factor in managing supply chain disruptions. Paradoxically, formal contracts enhance the relationship between digitalization and supply chain resilience but weaken the relationship between supply chain collaboration and supply chain resilience. The validation of moderating effects determines the boundary conditions of digitalization and supply chain collaboration and provides insights into governing supply chain partners’ behavior. Overall, this study enhances the understanding on how to build a resilient and robust supply chain.
Prediction of Angina Pectoris Events in Middle-Aged and Elderly People Using RR Interval Time Series in the Resting State: A Cohort Study Based on SHHS
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Huichun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAngina pectoris is associated with adverse cardiovascular events. In this study, a Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) prediction model with the Attention layer was established to explore the predictive value of the resting-state RR interval time series on the occurrence of angina pectoris. The data of this cohort study were from the Sleep Heart Health Study database, 2,977 people were included with the follow-up of 15 years. We used the RR interval time series of electrocardiogram signals in the resting state. The outcome variables were any angina events during the follow-up. We randomly divided 2,977 participants into training (n = 2680) and testing sets (n = 297) with a partition ratio of 9:1. The prediction model of Bi-LSTM with Attention layer was developed and the predictive performance was assessed. 1,236 had angina pectoris and 1,741 patients did not have angina pectoris during the follow-up period. The predictive performance of the Bi-LSTM model was great with the value of accuracy = 0.913, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.922, precision = 0.913 in the testing set. RR intervals may be the potential predictors of angina events. It is more and more convenient to obtain heart rate with the development of wearable devices; the Bi-LSTM prediction model established in this study is expected to provide support for the intelligent prediction of angina pectoris events.
Electoral mobilization, party support and EU issue voting: an analysis of five countries
Authors: Carrieri Luca , Conti Nicolò , Morini Marco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article analyzes the influence of the EU party-voter distance on party support moderated by the impact of EU salience. To this goal, we focus on the party-voter dyad and we analyze patterns of EU issue voting in first-order national elections in five EU countries (Austria, France, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands) between 2017 and 2018. We make use of a combination of data from CHES and a public opinion survey to construct the distance measures, and a mix of CHES and Twitter data to measure EU salience. We show that voters are mobilized on the EU, with EU party positions operating as a driving factor of the voting preferences of the electorate and EU salience moderating this relationship.
Caecal digestibility as an approximation of ileal protein digestibility evaluation in rats
Authors: Guillin Florence M. , Gaudichon Claire , Guérin-Deremaux Laetitia , Lefranc-Millot Catherine , Khodorova Nadezda , Besançon Stéphane , Calvez Juliane 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The rat model can be used to assess ileal protein digestibility rapidly and in first intention, but no standardised method exists. Our objective was to compare methods to assess protein digestibility, depending on collection site (ileum/caecum) and use of a non-absorbable marker. A meal containing either casein, gluten or pea protein and chromium oxide as non-absorbable marker was given to male Wistar rats and the entire digestive content was collected 6 h later. Total chromium recovery was incomplete and variable, depending on protein source. We observed no significant difference in digestibility between the methods for any of the protein sources tested. Although none of the methods tested is optimal, our results suggest that caecal digestibility can be used as a proxy of ileal digestibility in rats without using a non-absorbable marker. This simple method makes it possible to evaluate protein digestibility of new alternative protein sources for human consumption.
Malformed individuals of the trilobiteEstaingia bilobatafrom the Cambrian Emu Bay Shale and their palaeobiological implications
Authors: Bicknell Russell DC , Holmes James D , García-Bellido Diego C , Paterson John R 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMalformed trilobite specimens present important insight into understanding how this extinct arthropod group recovered from developmental or moulting malfunctions, pathologies, and injuries. Previously documented examples of malformed trilobite specimens are often considered in isolation, with few studies reporting on multiple malformations in the same species. Here we report malformed specimens of the ellipsocephaloid trilobiteEstaingia bilobatafrom the Emu Bay ShaleKonservat-Lagerstätte(CambrianSeries 2, Stage 4) on Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Ten malformed specimens exhibiting injuries, pathologies, and a range of teratologies are documented. Furthermore, five examples of mangled exoskeletons are presented, indicative of predation onE. bilobata. Considering the position of malformed and normal specimens ofE. bilobatain bivariate space, we demonstrate that the majority of malformed specimens cluster among the larger individuals. Such specimens may exemplify larger forms successfully escaping predation attempts, but could equally represent individuals exhibiting old injuries that were made during earlier (smaller) growth stages that have healed through subsequent moulting events. The available evidence from the Emu Bay Shale suggests that this small, extremely abundant trilobite likely played an important role in the structure of the local ecosystem, occupying a low trophic level and being preyed upon by multiple durophagous arthropods. Furthermore, the scarcity of malformedE. bilobataspecimens demonstrates how rarely injuries, developmental malfunctions, and pathological infestations occurred within the species.
War and Welfare in Colonial Algeria
Authors: Koehler-Derrick Gabriel , Lee Melissa M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA distinguishing feature of the modern state is the broad scope of social welfare provision. This remarkable expansion of public assistance was characterized by huge spatial and temporal disparities. What explains the uneven expansion in the reach of social welfare? We argue that social welfare expansion depends in part on the ability of the governed to compel the state to provide rewards in return for military service—and crucially, that marginalized groups faced greater barriers to obtaining those rewards. In colonial states, subjects faced a bargaining disadvantage relative to citizens living in the colony and were less likely to win concessions from the state for their wartime sacrifices. We test this argument using a difference-in-differences research design and a rich data set of local spending before and after World War I in colonial Algeria. Our results reveal that social welfare spending expanded less in communes where the French subject share of the population was greater. This paper contributes to the state-building literature by highlighting the differential ability of the governed to bargain with the state in the aftermath of conflict.