bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatographic separation of tiropramide hydrochloride and its degradation products along with their structural characterization using liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Tidke Manik , Golla Vijaya Madhyanapu , Kushwah Bhoopendra Singh , Naik Dhanavath Dattu , Gananadhamu Samanthula 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTiropramide HCl, a widely used antispasmodic drug, was subjected to various stress conditions (hydrolytic, oxidative, photolytic and thermal) per International Council for Harmonization guidelines in the present work. However, there were no comprehensive degradation studies reported on the drug. Therefore, forced degradation studies of tiropramide HCl were carried out to establish the degradation profile and the storage conditions to maintain its quality attributes during the shelf life and usage. A selective HPLC method was developed to separate the drug and its degradation products (DPs) using Agilent C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm; 5 μm). The mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium formate at pH 3.6 (solvent A) and methanol (solvent B) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.00 ml/min was used. Tiropramide was found to be susceptible to acidic and basic hydrolytic exposures as well as oxidative stress conditions in the solution state. This drug was found to be stable under neutral, thermal and photolytic conditions in both solutions and the solid state. Five DPs were detected under different stress conditions. The mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern of tiropramide and its DPs was extensively studied using liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry for their structural characterization. The position of the oxygen atom in the N‐oxide DP was confirmed by NMR studies. The knowledge gained by these studies was used to predict drug degradation profiles, which help analyse any impurities in the dosage form.
A rare cutaneous manifestation of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Authors: Cherneskie John , Tuan Alyssa , Corey Zachary , Polimera Hyma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLeukocytoclastic vasculitis can be an uncommon and/or underreported adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, an established cancer treatment option. Differentiation among other cutaneous manifestations of adverse medication reactions—such as Stevens–Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome—is crucial for guiding management.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ziaee Mahsa , Saeedi Maryam , Rohani Mohammad , Mehrpour Masoud , Haghi Ashtiani Bahram , Zamani Babak , Akhoundi Fahimeh Haji , Salahi Khalaf Misagh , Mirmoeeni Seyyedmohammadsadeq , Azari Jafari Amirhossein , Shateri Zahra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConsider PRES in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients who develop encephalopathy, seizures or impaired vision; especially if the disease is complicated by respiratory distress and need for mechanical ventilation.
Construction of Pd‐Co‐Doped CdS Heterojunctions as Efficient Platforms in Photocatalysis
Authors: Paraschoudi Eirini N. , Bairamis Feidias , Sygellou Lamprini , Andrikopoulos Konstantinos S. , Konstantinou Ioannis , Tasis Dimitrios 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, we present the structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of CdS semiconducting nanostructures, doped with palladium‐ and cobalt‐based species. XRD analysis, corroborated by Raman and XPS, demonstrated the growth of CdS crystallites in the hexagonal structure, whereas solvothermal conversion of neat precursor metal salts resulted in the formation of metallic Pd and cobalt oxide, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy imaging certified the dendritic structure of hybrids, especially in the case where CdS was grown in the presence of either palladium‐ or cobalt‐based nanoparticles. XPS surface analysis revealed that a major fraction of metallic Pd nanoparticles was converted to PdO during the in situ growth of CdS nanoparticles. The oxidation of Pd nanoparticles could be ascribed to chemisorption of oxygen phases onto the metal surface. The presence of cocatalyst nanoparticles resulted in an appreciable shift of the absorption edge of the ternary hybrids by about 50 nm. The optimized hybrid was found to photodegrade Orange G dye almost quantitatively within 2 h, by simulated solar light irradiation. Scavenging experiments revealed that hydroxy radicals were the main transient intermediate, leading to the oxidative degradation of the dye.
Dioxygen Binding Is Controlled by the Protein Environment in Non‐heme FeII and 2‐Oxoglutarate Oxygenases: A Study on Histone Demethylase PHF8 and an Ethylene‐Forming Enzyme
Authors: Chaturvedi Shobhit S. , Thomas Midhun George , Bathir Jaber Sathik Rifayee Simahudeen , White Walter , Wildey Jon , Warner Cait , Schofield Christopher J. , Hu Jian , Hausinger Robert P. , Karabencheva‐Christova Tatayana G. , Christov Christo Z. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Christo Z. Christov and co‐workers at Michigan Technological University, University of Oxford, and Michigan State University. The image depicts the oxygen diffusion channel in class 7 histone demethylase (PHF8) and ethylene‐forming enzyme (EFE) and changes in the enzymes’ conformations upon binding. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202300138.
Bioactive Phenolate Salts: Thymol Salts
Authors: Reddy Pulikanti Guruprasad , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhenolate salts of bioactive agents have been reported only scarcely. This is the first report on the formation and characterization of thymol phenolate salts as representatives of phenol‐containing bioactive molecules. Thymol has been used in medicine and agriculture for decades owing to its excellent therapeutic properties. However, in light of its poor aqueous solubility, thermal instability, and especially its high chemical volatility, the utility of thymol is hampered. The present work focuses on tuning the physicochemical properties of thymol by modifying its chemical structure through salt formation. In this context, a series of metal (Na, K, Li, Cu, and Zn) and ammonium (tetrabutylammonium and choline) salts of thymol were synthesized and characterized using IR, NMR, CHN elemental analysis, and DSC analyses. The molecular formulae of thymol salts were determined based on CHN analysis and thymol quantification studies from UV‐Vis spectrometric analysis. In most cases, the thymol phenolate was prepared as a 1 : 1 molar ratio with metal/ammonium ion. Only the Cu salt of thymol was isolated at a ratio of two phenolate units per copper ion. Most of the synthesized thymol salts were found to have increased thermal stability relative to thymol. The physicochemical properties such as solubility, thermal stability, and evaporation rate of thymol salts were thoroughly studied in comparison with thymol. The in vitro release studies of Cu from the copper salt of thymol is pH‐dependent: rapid release of copper was observed in the lower pH release medium (100 % release at pH 1 for 12 days) and the rates of release were slower at higher pH values (5 % release at pH 2, and <1 % release at pH 4, 6, 8, and 10) over a period of about three weeks.
Trends in health care spending on kidney cancer in the United States, 1996–2016
Authors: Takemura Kosuke , Ahmed Newaz Shubidito , Stukalin Igor , Gupta Mehul , Ma Christopher , Heng Daniel Y. C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundParadigm shifts in kidney cancer management have led to higher health care spending. Here, total and per capita health care spending and primary drivers of change in health expenditures for kidney cancer in the United States between 1996 and 2016 are estimated.MethodsPublic databases developed by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation for the Disease Expenditure Project were used. The prevalence of kidney cancer was estimated from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Changes in health care spending on kidney cancer were assessed by joinpoint regression and expressed as annual percent changes (APCs).ResultsIn 2016, total health care spending on kidney cancer was $3.42 billion (95% CI, $2.91 billion to $3.89 billion) compared with $1.18 billion (95% CI, $1.07 billion to $1.31 billion) in 1996. Per capita spending had two inflection points in 2005 and 2008, close to the approval years of targeted therapies, which corresponded to APCs of +2.9% (95% CI, +2.3% to +3.6%; p < .001) per year, 1996–2005; +9.2% (95% CI, +3.4% to +15.2%; p = .004) per year, 2005–2008; and +3.1% (95% CI, +2.2% to +3.9%; p < .001) per year, 2008–2016. Inpatient care was the largest contributor to health expenditures, which accounted for $1.56 billion (95% CI, $1.19 billion to $1.95 billion) in 2016. Price and intensity of care was the primary driver of increased health expenditures, whereas service utilization was the primary driver of reduced health expenditures.ConclusionsPrevalence‐adjusted health care spending on kidney cancer continues to rise in the United States, which is primarily attributable to inpatient care and driven by the price and intensity of care over time.
Hemodynamic investigation of a novel rotary displacement blood pump for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Xue Qingxin , Ren Xiaoyu , Gao Bin , Li Shu , Song Zhiming , Ding Jinli , Chang Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life support system used in the treatment of severe respiratory and circulatory failure. High shear stress caused by the high rotational speed of centrifugal blood pumps can cause hemolysis and platelet activation, which are among the major factors leading to the complications of the ECMO system. In this study, a novel blood pump named rotary displacement blood pump (RDBP), which can considerably reduce rotational speed and shear stress while ensuring the normal pressure flow relationship, was proposed. We employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to investigate the performance of RDBP under adult ECMO support operating conditions (5 L/min with 350 mmHg). The efficiency and H‐Q curves of the RDBP were calculated to evaluate its hydraulic performance, and pressure, flow patterns, and shear stress distribution were analyzed to estimate the hemodynamic characteristics in the pump. In addition, the modified index of hemolysis (MIH) was calculated for the RDBP based on a Eulerian approach. The hydraulic efficiency of the RDBP was 47.28%. The velocity distribution of flow field in the pump was relatively uniform. Most of the liquid (more than 75%) in the pump was exposed to low scale shear stress (<1 Pa), which was close to normal physiological conditions. The gap area was the main distribution location of high scale shear stress. The high wall shear stress (>9 Pa) volume fraction of the RDBP was small and located in the boundary areas between the rotor's edge and the housing. The MIH value of the RDBP was 9.87 ± 0.93 (mean ± SD). The RDBP can achieve better hydraulic efficiency and hemodynamic performance at lower rotational speed. The design of this novel pump is expected to provide a new direction for developing a blood pump for ECMO.
Second Generation of Cata‐Annulated Azaacene Bisimides: Towards Electron‐Accepting Materials
Authors: Hippchen Nikolai , Heinzel Elena , Zhang Cathy K. , Jäger Patrick , Elter Maximilian , Ludwig Philipp , Rominger Frank , Freudenberg Jan , Cao Dennis D. , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work presents the 2nd generation of cata‐annulated azaacene bisimides with increased electron affinities (up to −4.38 eV) compared to their consaguine conventional azaacenes. These compounds were synthesized via Buchwald–Hartwig coupling followed by oxidation with MnO2. Crystal structure engineering through variation of the bisimide substituents furnished crystalline derivatives suitable for proof of concept organic field effect transistors with electron mobilities up to 2.2×10−4 cm2(Vs)−1. Moreover, we were able to characterize the charge carrying species, the radical anion, using electron paramagnetic resonance and absorption measurements.
IP address allocation protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Ajaz Farhana , Naseem Mohd , Ahamad Gulfam 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), communication takes place between vehicles to vehicles, the vehicles to the road side units, and vice‐versa. The basic purpose of these communications is to share and exchange tremendous amount of data and information. For efficient information sharing, a systematic and structured connection establishment algorithm is needed. In VANETs, each connected node of the network need to be assigned a unique address. Hence, an algorithm is needed for the proper assignment of unique address to all nodes in the network. This paper explains different types of IP address protocols in VANETs. We have also explained advantage and disadvantage of existing IP address allocation protocols in VANETs.
Involvement of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator in the PKCα‐p38 MAPK pathway‐mediated progression of human liver cancer cells
Authors: Ye Je‐Chiuan , Hsieh Yih‐Shou , Chen Pei‐Ni , Liu Jer‐Yuh , Hsieh Yi‐Hsien 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOur previous studies have shown that the plasminogen activator (PA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) proteinase systems were highly expressed in highly malignant liver cancer cells and regulated by PKCα. This study investigates whether the PKCα regulation of PA and MMPs systems is conducted through p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and the pathway is responsible for promoting cell progression. We found that the expressions of p38 MAPK in both highly malignant HA22T/VGH and SK‐Hep‐1 liver cancer cells were higher than that in other lower malignancy liver cancer cells. Since PKCα activates p38 MAPK in progression of liver cancer, we suspected the PKCα/p38 MAPK signaling pathway to be involved in the regulation of MMPs and PA systems. When SK‐Hep‐1 cells were treated with SB203580 or DN‐p38, only MMP‐1 and u‐PA mRNA expressions decreased. The p38 MAPK inhibition also decreased the cell migration and invasion. In addition, the mRNA decay assays showed that the higher expressions of MMP‐1 and u‐PA mRNA in SK‐Hep‐1 cells were due to the alteration of mRNA stability by p38 MAPK inhibition. Zymography of SK‐Hep‐1 cells treated with siPKCα vector also showed the decrease of the activity of MMP‐1 and u‐PA and confirmed changes in mRNA level. Furthermore, only the transfection of MKK6 to the siPKCα‐treated SK‐Hep‐1 stable clone cell restored the attenuation of MMP‐1 and u‐PA expressions. The treatment of SK‐Hep‐1 cells with either inhibitor of MMP‐1 or u‐PA reduced migration, and the reduction was enhanced with both inhibitors. In addition, tumorigenesis was also reduced with both inhibitors. These data suggest a novel finding that MMP‐1 and u‐PA are critical components in PKCα/MKK6/p38 MAPK signaling pathway which mediates liver cancer cell progression, and that the targeting of both genes may be a viable approach in liver cancer treatment.
Association of sleep patterns and cardiovascular disease risk is modified by glucose tolerance status
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhang Haojie , Sun Ying , Tan Xiao , Zhang Jihui , Wang Ningjian , Lu Yingli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate whether the association between sleep patterns and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk differs according to glucose tolerance status.Materials and MethodsThis prospective study included 358,805 participants initially free of CVD from the UK Biobank. We created a sleep score based on five sleep factors (sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) with one point for each unhealthy factor. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between sleep and incident CVD, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, according to normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes, and diabetes.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 12.4 years, 29,663 incident CVD events were documented. There was a significant interaction between sleep score and glucose tolerance status on CVD (P for interaction = 0.002). Each 1 point increment in sleep score was associated with a 7% (95% confidence interval 6%–9%), 11% (8%–14%), and 13% (9%–17%) higher risk of CVD among participants with NGT, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively. Similar interaction patterns were observed for CHD and stroke. Among the individual sleep factors, sleep duration and insomnia significantly interacted with glucose tolerance status on CVD outcomes (all P for interaction <0.05). All five unhealthy sleep factors accounted for 14.2% (8.7%–19.8%), 19.5% (7.4%–31.0%), and 25.1% (9.7%–39.3%) of incident CVD cases among participants with NGT, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively.ConclusionsThe CVD risk associated with a poor sleep pattern was exacerbated across glucose intolerance status. Our findings emphasise the importance of integrating sleep management into a lifestyle modification programme, particularly in people with prediabetes or diabetes.
Foam‐mat dried modified aloe polysaccharide powder: Optimization and physiochemical characterization
Authors: Roy Tapas , Alam Mohammed Shafiq 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe modified aloe polysaccharide (MAP) juice developed under optimized condition was investigated to assess the effect of foaming process parameters and its optimization followed by evaluating the best drying conditions for developing MAP powder from foamed and non‐foamed MAP juice. The foaming process parameters selected for optimizing the condition for MAP juice were soy protein isolate (SPI%), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC%), and whipping time (WT) with variation in experimental range of 3–7%, 0.1–0.5%, and 1–5 min, respectively. The optimal foaming conditions obtained for MAP juice were 6.905% SPI, 0.412% CMC, and 4.861 WT with a desirability of 0.885. The optimized foamed MAP juice were dried at varying temperature (50, 60, and 70°C) and different foam thickness (FT; 1, 3, and 5 mm) to compare with nonfoamed fresh aloe powder developed under the same drying condition. The developed foamed MAP powder dried at 60°C drying temperature and 3 mm FT retained significantly higher functional attributes than nonfoamed aloe powder. The yield, bulk density, colour change and polysaccharide content of the foamed MAP powder were higher significant effect, whereas TSS, solubility, firmness, flowability and overall acceptability were non‐significant differences to nonfoamed powder.
Factors influencing left ventricular thrombus resolution and its significance on clinical outcomes
Authors: Kim Se‐Eun , Lee Chan Joo , Oh Jaewon , Kang Seok‐Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsA left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is not uncommon in patients with impaired LV systolic function. However, the treatment strategy for LVT has not yet been fully established. We aimed to identify the factors influencing LVT resolution and the significance of LVT resolution on clinical outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated patients diagnosed with LVT with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% on transthoracic echocardiography from January 2010 to July 2021 in a single tertiary centre. LVT resolution was monitored through serial follow‐up transthoracic echocardiography. The primary clinical outcome was a composite of all‐cause death, stroke, transient ischaemic attack, and arterial thromboembolic events. LVT recurrence was also evaluated in patients with LVT resolution.ResultsThere were 212 patients diagnosed with LVT (mean age, 60.5 ± 14.0 years; male, 82.5%). The mean LVEF was 33.1 ± 10.9%, and 71.7% of patients were diagnosed with ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Most patients were treated with vitamin K antagonists (86.7%), and 28 patients (13.2%) were treated with direct oral anticoagulants or low molecular weight heparin. LVT resolution was observed in 179 patients (84.4%). LVEF improvement failure within 6 months was a significant factor hindering LVT resolution (hazard ratio, HR: 0.52, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.31–0.85, P = 0.010). During a median 4.0 years of follow‐up (interquartile range, IQR: 1.9 to 7.3 years), 32 patients (15.1%) experienced primary outcomes (18 all‐cause deaths, 15 strokes, and 3 arterial thromboembolisms) and 20 patients (11.2%) experienced LVT recurrence after LVT resolution. LVT resolution was independently associated with a lower risk for primary outcomes (HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21–0.98, P = 0.045). In the patients with resolved LVT, discontinuation or duration of anticoagulation after resolution were not significant predictors for LVT recurrence, but LVEF improvement failure at LVT resolution was associated with a significantly higher risk of LVT recurrence (HR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.23–7.78, P = 0.016).ConclusionsThis study suggests that LVT resolution is an important predictor for favourable clinical outcomes. LVEF improvement failure interfered with LVT resolution and appeared to be a crucial factor for LVT recurrence. After LVT resolution, continuation of anticoagulation did not seem to impact LVT recurrence and the prognosis.
A review of artificial intelligence quality in forecasting asset prices
Authors: Barboza Flavio , Nunes Silva Geraldo , Augusto Fiorucci José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearchers and practitioners globally, from a range of perspectives, acknowledge the difficulty in determining the value of a financial asset. This subject is of utmost importance due to the numerous participants involved and its impact on enhancing market structure, function, and efficiency. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the academic literature to provide insights into the reasoning behind certain conventions adopted in financial value estimation, including the implementation of preprocessing techniques, the selection of relevant inputs, and the assessment of the performance of computational models in predicting asset prices over time. Our analysis, based on 109 studies sourced from 10 databases, reveals that daily forecasts have achieved average error rates of less than 1.5%, while monthly data only attain this level in optimal circumstances. We also discuss the utilization of tools and the integration of hybrid models. Finally, we highlight compelling gaps in the literature that provide avenues for further research.
Early swallowing intervention after free flap reconstruction for oral cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Jiaqi , Zhu Yongkang , Wu Hongyun , Yang Chengfengyi , Zhang Jing , Yang Yue 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to summarize the state of current literature and evaluate evidence for timing, methods, and effects of early intervention in patients after free flap reconstruction.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in nine databases. The methodological quality of literature was assessed according to the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools.ResultsEight studies were finally included. Most studies started the intervention within 1 to 2 weeks after surgery with multiple swallowing training measures. The results of meta‐analysis showed that swallowing intervention could improve swallowing function (SMD = −1.03, 95%CI [−1.37, −0.69], Z = 5.95, p < 0.01) and the quality of life (SMD = 1.52, 95%CI [0.97, 2.07], Z = 5.43, p < 0.01).ConclusionEarly swallowing intervention can improve patients' swallowing function and short‐term quality of life. We can only summarize the basic consensus of the studies on early swallowing intervention, and rigorous trials are needed in the future.