bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Fluid Saturation Using Machine Learning Algorithms: A Case Study of Niger Delta Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: Adeeyo Yisa Ademola , Osinaike Anuola Ayodeji , Adun Gamaliel Olawale 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Water Saturation (Sw) is a critical input to reserves estimation and reservoir modeling workflows which ultimately informs effective reservoir management and decision-making. Without laboratory analysis on expensive core data, Sw is estimated using traditional correlations—commonly Archie's equation. However, using such a correlation in routine petrophysical analysis for estimating reservoir properties on a case-by-case basis is challenging and time-consuming.
This study employs a data-driven approach to model Sw in Niger Delta sandstone reservoirs using readily available geophysical well logs. We evaluate the performance of several generic and ensemble machine learning (ML) algorithms for predicting Archie's computed Sw. ML techniques such as unsupervised anomaly detection and multivariate single imputation were used for preprocessing the data and feature engineering was used to improve the predictive quality of the input well logs. The generalization ability of the ML models was assessed on the individual training wells as well as a held-out test well. Model hyperparameters were tuned using Bayesian Optimization in the cross-validation process to achieve a high rate of success. Several evaluation metrics and graphical methods such as learning curves, convergence plots, and partial dependence plots (PDPs) were then used to assess the predictive performance of the models and explain their behavior. This revealed the Tree Boosting ensembles as the top performers.
The superior performance of the Tree Boosting ensembles over the benchmark linear model reveals that the relationship between the transformed logs and Sw is complex and better modeled in the nonlinear domain. Based on the results obtained in this research, we propose the Tree Boosting ensembles as potential models for rapidly estimating Sw for reservoir characterization. A broader field application of the proposed methodologies is expected to provide greater insight into subsurface fluid distribution thereby improving hydrocarbon recovery.
Simulation of Waterflooding Oil Recovery With Advanced Multilateral Wells Under Uncertainty by Using MRST
Authors: Moradi Ali , Moldestad Britt M. E. , Kumara Amaranath S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The suitable design of Advanced Multilateral Well (AMW) completions under uncertain information is challenging but crucial for achieving cost-effective and low-carbon oil recovery. This requires an accurate and fast coupled dynamic well-reservoir model. To this end, some commercial software packages are available to be used. However, using a free open-source tool like MATLAB® Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST) can help oil companies to reduce costs and allows petroleum engineers to make fit-for-purpose simulation models. This paper aims at using MRST to assess the performance of AMWs in improving waterflooding oil recovery under petrophysical uncertainties.
Using the MultisegmentWell class in MRST, this study develops appropriate models for the simulation of long-term oil recovery from AMWs completed with various Flow Control Devices (FCDs). Inflow Control Devices (ICDs), Autonomous Inflow Control Devices (AICDs), Autonomous Inflow Control Valves (AICVs), and Interval Control Valves (ICVs) are the main types of FCDs and are evaluated in this paper. Considering several uncertain parameters with varied distribution profiles, the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) approach is applied to generate various realizations of the reservoir model for providing a confident degree of petrophysical uncertainty. The MRST simulation results are validated against the obtained results from the EclipseSM reservoir simulator, and these simulators are compared in terms of speed and accuracy.
The preliminary findings demonstrated that in the waterflooding oil recovery, the production of oil is improved with an optimum design of AMWs completed with reactive FCDs (AICDs or AICVs) and proactive FCDs (ICVs) compared to employing passive FCDs (ICDs). Moreover, water production is highly reduced by using reactive and proactive FCDs than passive FCDs. Lifting and separating water is costly and carbon-intensive. Therefore, deploying AMWs with reactive and proactive FCDs is a valuable measure for achieving efficient and environmentally friendly waterflooding oil recovery. According to the preliminary results, it can also be concluded that ICV and AICV completions have better functionality than AICDs and ICD completions in mitigating the risks associated with reservoir uncertainties. Besides, the initial comparison of the MRST and Eclipse performances in the modeling and simulation of AMWs proves that MRST is a robust and computationally efficient tool for developing industry-standard simulation models.
The Study on 4D Geomechanical Modeling Improves Horizontal Well Production Performance: A Case Study from China
Authors: Meng Leifeng , Yin Bangguo , Fan Qinghu , Ma Yonggui , Meng Xianxing , Zhang Hanyue , Wei Tuo , Gao Zhixing , Sheng Zhimin , Jiang Jing , Xu Hanbing , Huang Xingning 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A tight oil reservoir is characterized by developed natural fractures, strong heterogeneity, and anisotropy. During long-term production, the geomechanical parameters change accordingly, which results in the difference in hydraulic complex fracture propagation between the infill well and the parent well. The difference is the key factor for infill well placement and hydraulic fracturing treatment. In this paper, a numerical modeling method was proposed to investigate the infill well complex fractures propagation based on four-dimensional stress evolution during parent wells production. This method integrates with heterogeneity and anisotropy of geomechanical parameters and natural fractures, as well as the flow-geomechanics coupling process during parent wells production. The field data, including well-test data, fracturing injection data, and numerical simulation data, were involved in verifying the method. A modelling case of the Da13 region in the Junggar Basin tight oil reservoir was involved in studying the four-dimensional in-situ stress evolution and its impact on the propagation law of infill well complex fractures propagation. It can be drawn from the result that all the principal stresses decrease after long-term production, but the stress difference increases. The increase of stress difference is the largest in the region nearby the wellbore. On the basis of the 3D geomechanical modeling, with the consideration of the stress shadow, proppant settlement, and migration, the full 3D coupling simulation of artificial fractures was realized to provide support for the numerical simulation of the post-horizontal well pressure productivity. Based on the actual segmentation of Well Da 136_ H, additional productivity numerical simulation was conducted for seven segment length schemes. The EUR of the 10-year single well ranged from 25100 to 44200 tons. Case 8 provides the best development effect. However, when the fracturing segment length is less than 75 meters, the EUR increases little, and the fracturing cost increases significantly. The recommended single fracturing segment length is 75 meters.
Pore-Throat Structure Changes During Steam Flooding: An Experimental Study Based on Micro-CT Scanning
Authors: Zhao Dong , Hou Jian , Du Qingjun , Sun Jianfang , Zhu Shuainan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Steam flooding is widely used in heavy oil development. The temperature in the steam chamber during the development process can be as high as 280°C, which will change the micro-scale pore structure of the core. In this paper, two types of heavy oil reservoir cores with different clay content, i.e., argillaceous glutenite and siltstone derived from Shengli Oilfield in China, are used to carry out steam flooding experiments. The micro-CT online scanning system was used to scan the two cores before and after steam flooding in situ, the scanned images were processed and the pore network models were established, and the mean, skewness and kurtosis of the pore throat radius were compared. After steam flooding, the number of pore throats with smaller radius in the siltstone decreases, and the distribution of pore throat radius is more dispersed. The number of pore throats with small radius of argillaceous glutenite increased after steam flooding, and large pores appeared. The average pore throat radius of the two cores increased after steam flooding, and the increase of argillaceous glutenite was greater. It shows that rock particles will expand and clay minerals will dehydrate at high temperature, and the latter plays a dominant role, and cores with high amounts of clay content are more susceptible to temperature. Noticeably, the solid particles in the siltstone may be dissolved at high temperature, which increases the connectivity of the microscopic pore throats. Solid particles in argillaceous glutenite migrate under the mechanical force of steam and condensate, and may block pores and throats. This leads to irregular changes in the pore-throat structure, and it is easy to produce sand to form microscopic steam channeling paths in the reservoir. The microscopic pore-throat structure change law of the reservoir after steam flooding is important for understanding the mechanism of steam channeling paths; and more importantly, it is useful for the optimization of steam channeling prevention technology for thermal oil recovery in heavy oil reservoirs.
SCAL-On-Chip: Measurement and Interpretation of Multiphase Fluid Flow Characteristics in Porous Media. A Microfluidic Approach
Authors: Jenei Bettina , Manasipov Roman , Langanke Nils , Samara Hanin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This work aims to conduct, interpret and derive the multi-phase fluid flow behaviour more efficiently and feasibly from a novel perspective. The goal is to conduct a SCAL measurement using a microfluidic setup on a chip and interpret the in-situ results, where the parameters influencing the multi-phase fluid flow in porous media, such as wettability, capillary pressure, and relative permeability, are measured simultaneously. There are numerous economic and technical advantages of this approach. Conventionally, SCAL measurements are conducted through core samples using X-ray and multi-phase fluid flow parameters in porous media are measured separately. These properties can be simultaneously determined in digital rock physics (DRP) by applying micro-CT imaging but with high costs. The steady-state method was utilised in this study and re-designed for microfluidic flooding. The measurement was conducted using one oleic and one aqueous phase, applying different fractional flow steps, mimicking the range of varying water saturation in the reservoir during the depletion process. The used microchip has a synthetic pore-structure design with circular grain shapes. The measurements conducted are visible in real-time using a microfluidic approach. The experimental results show that it is possible to adapt the microfluidic flooding for conducting and interpreting SCAL measurements. An additional advantage of this method is that the wettability and capillary pressure could be successfully determined by means of image processing using only the data obtained from the steady-state method in a microchip. Since the measurements are visible live, and images of the microchip are captured with the desired frequency, the image processing facilitates the understanding and interpretation of multi-phase fluid flow in porous structures, which is not possible with cores. Overall, to overcome the technical and economic limitations of digital rock physics, the application of SCAL through microchips representing the porous media is a good alternative. The SCAL-on-Chip is a promising approach for describing and analysing multi-phase fluid flow. Image processing contributes to developing "smarter" and cheaper interpretation tools for estimating wettability and capillary pressure. It provides the possibility to derive mathematical models of the relationship between multi-phase flow characteristics. The derivation of a general function between the measured properties could be possible with machine learning and a sufficient amount of experiments using pore structures that closely resemble porous media.
4D Seismic Monitoring With Non-Repeated OBC Geometries in Late Jurassic Carbonate Reservoir From Offshore Abu Dhabi
Authors: Alkaabi Ahmed Saeed , Anthoine Stephane Yves , Waqas Muhammad , Aljaberi Fatima Ali , Yuh Sung , Blanchard Tom , Adeyemi Adeoye , Bykov Konstantin , Grandi Andrea 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
One of the proven technologies for reservoir monitoring is 4D (time-lapse) seismic. It allows tracking the fluid front for water & gas and detecting pressure & density changes. Although 4D seismic monitoring is challenging in the Middle Eastern carbonate reservoirs, dealing with non-repeated acquisition geometries pose additional challenges.
This paper will present how the 4D seismic processing methods and techniques were applied to overcome the following challenges from an offshore Jurassic carbonate oil and gas field: Seismic acquisition geometry differences between the two surveys leading to strong 4D noise related to repeatability issuesMultiple contamination especially in shallow water environment (water depth ranges from 15 to 25m)
Cascaded application of denoise and demultiple procedures were performed. Different types of migration were conducted too. In order to overcome specifically acquisition geometry differences between legacy and monitor surveys, Least-Squares Migration algorithm was applied to 4D datasets.
4D Least-Squares migration showed better 4D inversion results compared with the ones from Kirchhoff migration. As 4D inversion signal has the same order of magnitude as 4D noise, additional information such as geology and well production data were required to discriminate 4D signal from noise. Nevertheless, some areas still suffer from residual multiples that generate strong and low frequency noise in 4D inversion results. However, many 4D seismic anomalies were validated as 4D signal mainly corresponding to 4D P-impedance increase which were nicely matched with water cut observed at wells and with water saturation from reservoir simulation. As a general observation, the water rise observed in 4D seismic inversion results was higher (shallower) than dynamic model water rise. In addition, 4D water rise showed heterogeneous water paths compared to the uniform one in the dynamic model. 4D interpretation results were integrated in the reservoir model.
Batch and column tests study on coexistence of TNT and aniline enhancing their Transports in Chinese loess
Authors: Wu Yaoguo , Yi Mengying , Zhou Bo , Liang Zhiyuan , Sun Ran , Hu Sihai , Guo Qian , Meng zhaohui , ye Erfan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Batch adsorption and column tests were conducted to explore characteristics of transports of TNT and aniline and their interactions in saturated Chinese loess sampled from Xi’an, China. Batch tests show that the performances of TNT and aniline adsorptions on Chinese loess are not same when they exist alone. When they coexist, their adsorptions inhibit each other and their inhibitions potentials were different. TNT inhibition on aniline adsorption is in linear and increases with TNT concentration increasing, while aniline inhibition on TNT adsorption also depends on its concentration but in two stages, where the inhibition is few when aniline concentration is lower than 5 mg/L, and then also gets linear increasing with aniline concentration increasing over 5 mg/L. Even though, the inhibition of aniline on TNT adsorption is generally greater than that of TNT on aniline adsorption. Column tests show that, compared with the transport behavior when they exist alone, theier coexistence can promote each other to transport in the saturated loess, importantly, aniline promotes more obviously TNT transport than TNT promotes aniline transport. Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics studies indicat that, TNT adsorption is primarily through the surface adsorption while aniline adsorption is mainly via electrostatic adsorption and inner pore diffusion adsorption as well as surface adsorption. There is a certain competitive relationship in their adsorptions on Chinese loess because they have same adsorption sites, meanwhile, they have different adsorption sites, especially, electrostatic force is greater than surface force, when they coexist. So, these inhibitions on adsorption are conducive to the existences of TNT and aniline in the water solution rather than being fixed on Chinese loess, thus enhancing their transports in the saturated loess and aniline has a great effect on TNT migration, while TNT has a small effect on aniline transport, indicating their coexistence can increase the risk of deep soil and even groundwater pollution.
In situ Imaging and Tracking of Reversible Metal-Support Interactions under CO2 Hydrogenation over a Cu@TiOx Core@shell Catalyst
Authors: Deng Kaixi , Chen Xiaobo , Moncada Jorge , Salavatore Kenna , Rui Ning , Xu Wenqian , Xiang Shuting , Marinkovic Nebojsa , Frenkel Anatoly , Zhou Guangwen , Wong Stanislaus , Rodriguez Jose 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A combination of environmental-transmission electron microscopy (E-TEM), several in-situ techniques (XRD, PDF, XAFS, AP-XPS), and transient isotopic exchange analysis was used to explore links between the structural and chemical properties of a Cu@TiOx core@shell catalyst under CO2 hydrogenation conditions. The active phase of the catalyst involved an oxide/metal configuration, but the initial core@shell motif was disrupted. Images of E-TEM showed a very dynamic morphology, where the inverse oxide/metal configuration was substantially affected by the gas environment (CO2, H2, or CO2/H2) and the temperature of the system. At room temperature, CO2 was very reactive at the metal-oxide interface, producing big changes in its morphology. When the initial system was oxidized by reaction with carbon dioxide (CO2,gas → COgas + Oads), the copper leached out and disrupted the titania shell. However, the core@shell structure was regenerated by hydrogen reduction at 150-250 oC. When oxidation and reduction occurred at the same time, under a mixture of CO2 and H2, the surface structure evolved toward a dynamic equilibrium that strongly depended on the temperature. At room temperature, the leaching of copper dominated, while, at 250 °C, the formation and development of an evolving Cu@TiOx structure prevailed. These morphological changes were linked to variations in metal-support interactions that were completely reversible with temperature or chemical environment and affected the catalytic activity of the system.
Food Security and Sustainability Dimensions of Organic Farming: A Comprehensive Scientometric Review (2010-2022)
Authors: Dash Sarthak , Priyadarshini Sugyanta , Dulla Nisrutha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The study investigated the scientific output, collaboration, and impression of research on organic farming due to the increasing interest of commoners in food quality and sustainability. Efforts to enhance agroecological sustainability call for assessing the structural overview of the numerous research work done so far to understand the growth in diverse subject areas in organic farming. The scientometric method is considered for analyzing 511 documents extracted in CSV format from the Scopus online database from 2010 till July 2, 2022. The pulled-out data is analyzed via VOSviewer, revealing prominent contributing authors, cited references, the significant collaboration between the countries, total link strength, and co-occurrence of author keywords using analysis of co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation, and bibliographic coupling in several domains. Out of 511 documents published in the English language retrieved from the Scopus database, 75.29% are articles, 11.17% are review papers, and 13.52% are conference papers. In 2021, the maximum number of documents produced (n = 97) related to organic farming. India has contributed the maximum number of documents (n = 65) with the collaboration of 29 other countries and bagged 730 citations. The following study is the first to conduct a scientometric analysis in the field of food security and sustainability dimensions of organic farming, which facilitate a better understanding of the recent growth trend of research associated with organic farming on the one hand and can further improve the policies based on brainstorming to action formulation not only in academics but also in research and development on the other.
Do the clinical practice guidelines for paediatric dentistry meet the quality standards? A meta-research and quality appraisal using AGREE II tool
Authors: Elagami Rokaia A. , Laux Caroline M. , Gallegos Claudia L. , Tedesco Tamara K. , Gimenez Thais , Braga Mariana M. , Mendes Fausto M. , Raggio Daniela Prócida 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) are standardized recommendations to improve healthcare and facilitate clinicians' decisions. We aimed to evaluate the quality of CPGs in paediatric dentistry using the AGREE II tool.
Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, LIVIVO, Lilacs, international guidelines websites, scientific societies, and grey literature databases were searched until September 2021 by two reviewers. We included CPGs that contain paediatric dental recommendations, while drafts or guidelines designed for special needs patients were excluded. Descriptive statistics for the characteristics of the guidelines and mean overall domain scores (95% confidence interval) were calculated.
Results
Forty-three guidelines were included in this study. Overall mean (95% CI) for all the domains as follows: 1) scope and purpose (49.1%, 95%CI: 41.2–57), 2) stakeholder involvement (32.2%, 95%CI: 24.2–40.1), 3) rigour of development (29%, 95%CI: 22.3–35.7), 4) clarity of presentation (57.3%, 95%CI: 50.2–64.5), 5) applicability (15.8%, 95%CI: 10.4–21.3), and 6) editorial independence (37.7%, 95%CI: 26–49.5). Only one guideline was reported with scores ≥ 60% for all 6 domains.
Conclusions
The reporting quality of paediatric dentistry guidelines does not meet the standard for methodological quality, especially in domain 5 for applicability. Bias can be introduced during the development of clinical guidelines, which could mislead paediatric dentists and harm patients. Our results could help in establishing good quality CPGs with reliable recommendations by pointing out the importance of implementing the AGREE II tool with a system to evaluate the level of evidence.
Registration: The protocol of this study was prospectively registered on Open Science Framework - DOI (10.17605/OSF.IO/BFNGW).