bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gill structure and respiratory ability of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes: Sisoridae)
Authors: Li Luojia , Deng Longjun , Li Jie , Li Tiancai , Chen Pengyu , Luo Wei , Du Zongjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlyptosternoid fishes are distributed in the torrent environment of alpine canyons, where they often leave the water to climb rocky cliffs. As one of the most primitive species of glyptosternoid fishes, Euchiloglanis kishinouyei was examined in the current study to analyse its gill microstructure and respiratory ability. We first found that the oxygen consumption rate was relatively high and negatively correlated with body mass and that the average oxygen consumption at night was higher than during the day. The asphyxiation point of E. kishinouyei (5.05 ± 0.22 g) was c. 1.93 mg/L. Subsequently, the surface morphology, gross gill tissue structure, and ultra‐microstructure of gill lamellae were investigated using optical microscopy and SEM. The gills showed an overall trend of regression, with five pairs of gill arches in each gill cavity. The adjacent gill filaments had large gaps, and the gill lamellae were thick. The gill filaments were closely arranged on the gill arches, their folded respiratory surface was highly vascularized with no tiny crest, and there were obvious tiny crests, grooves, pits, and pores on the nonrespiratory surface. The gill lamellae were closely embedded on both sides of gill filaments, which were composed of flat epithelial cells, basement membrane, pillar cells, and mucous cells. The gill total respiratory area correlated positively with body mass and length, whereas the gill relative respiratory area correlated negatively with body mass. We comprehensively analysed the gill microstructure and respiratory capacity of E. kishinouyei to provide fundamental data for the adaptive evolution of the gill structures of bimodally respiring fishes and offer insights into further study on the accessory air‐breathing function of skin.
The personality of violent Jihadists: Examining violent and nonviolent defense of Muslims
Authors: Obaidi Milan , Bergh Robin , Akrami Nazar , Dovidio John F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveAlthough violent extremism is often attributed to clinical (dysfunctional) dispositions, it is also possible that violent Jihadists might be clinically “normal” but bear certain personality signatures. This alternative view has yet to be tested.MethodIn six studies, employing hard‐to‐reach Muslim samples, including one study of former Mujahideen, we investigated the relationship between basic personality traits and violent extremism. We further used a known group paradigm to validate the personality signatures of violent extremism, comparing a sample of former Mujahideen with another sample from Afghanistan.ResultsThese studies and an internal meta‐analysis revealed that Lower Openness to Experience, lower Emotionality, and lower Altruism were associated with more violent intentions to support Muslims. Higher Altruism was associated with higher levels of nonviolent intention to support Muslims. Supporting the validity of the nonviolent intention measure, similar associations were found in Study 3 with overt behavioral support of Muslims (donations). More important, compared to the nonMujahideen, the Mujahideen sample scored lower on average on, for instance, Openness, indicating that these results go beyond self‐reported, findings.ConclusionWe demonstrated that personality predicts violent and nonviolent defense of Muslims among four general populations of Muslims living in the West and in Asia (including the Middle East), and a sample of Mujahideen in Afghanistan.
Red macroalgae in the genomic era
Authors: Borg Michael , Krueger‐Hadfield Stacy A. , Destombe Christophe , Collén Jonas , Lipinska Agnieszka , Coelho Susana M. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryRhodophyta (or red algae) are a diverse and species‐rich group that forms one of three major lineages in the Archaeplastida, a eukaryotic supergroup whose plastids arose from a single primary endosymbiosis. Red algae are united by several features, such as relatively small intron‐poor genomes and a lack of cytoskeletal structures associated with motility like flagella and centrioles, as well as a highly efficient photosynthetic capacity. Multicellular red algae (or macroalgae) are one of the earliest diverging eukaryotic lineages to have evolved complex multicellularity, yet despite their ecological, evolutionary, and commercial importance, they have remained a largely understudied group of organisms. Considering the increasing availability of red algal genome sequences, we present a broad overview of fundamental aspects of red macroalgal biology and posit on how this is expected to accelerate research in many domains of red algal biology in the coming years.
Intelligence among ear deformities and cleft lip and/or alveolus and/or cleft palate patients during 50 years in Israel
Authors: Tsur Nir , Beer Zivan , Rittblat Mor , Yaacobi Dafna , Elmograbi Aiman , Reuven Yonatan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeWe evaluated hearing loss and general intelligence among persons with auricle anomalies and cleft lip and/or alveolus and/or cleft palate (CLAP).MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional study of data recorded during 1966–2019, as mandatory pre‐military recruitment of individuals.ResultsOf 3 182 892 adolescents, 548 were diagnosed with auricle anomalies and 2072 with CLAP. For the latter, the adjusted odds ratios for the low, low to medium and medium general intelligence categories compared to the highest category were 1.4 [95% CI 1.5–1.2], 1.2 [95% CI 1.4–1.1] and 1.1 [95% CI 1.2–0.9] respectively. The corresponding values for the auricle anomalies were not significant.ConclusionsGeneral intelligence was impaired among individuals with CLAP, but no significant correlation was found among individuals suffering from auricle anomalies.
Establishing a female intellectual identity in early modern Denmark
Authors: Ebbersmeyer Sabrina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores Birgitte Thott's (1610–1662) intellectual identity by investigating the paratexts to her translation of Seneca's philosophical works (1658) in a European context. Written partly by Thott herself and partly by other scholars, these texts assisted in creating Thott's public persona and in establishing Thott as a female intellectual in early modern Denmark. As there was a certain tension for female intellectuals between participating in the public sphere and living up to the gender norms of their times, it was difficult for them to become recognised as public figures. While Thott is praised by others as an exception, Thott herself developed different strategies to address the tensions between traditional gender roles and her intellectual activities. In an unconventional way, Thott dedicated her work to women, aiming at a broad consent in society for female learning and encouraging other women to follow her example. She presented her own work as a serious contribution to the Christian tradition of engaging with Stoic philosophy. This article contributes to mapping the development of a female intellectual identity during the early modern period by focusing on a geographical region that is often overlooked in research about the topic.
Finding predictors for successful opioid response in cancer patients: An analysis of data from four randomized controlled trials
Authors: Imkamp Maike S. , Theunissen Maurice , van Kuijk Sander M. , Haumann Johan , Corli Oscar , Bosetti Cristina , Leppert Wojciech , Brunelli Cinzia , Zecca Ernesto , van den Beuken‐van Everdingen Marieke H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractContextThere is no consensus on which “strong” (or step 3 WHO analgesic ladder) opioid to prescribe to a particular patient with cancer‐related pain. A better understanding of opioid and patient characteristics on treatment response will contribute to a more personalized opioid treatment.ObjectivesAssessment of potential predictors for successful opioid treatment response in patients with cancer pain.MethodsAn international partnership between four cancer pain research groups resulted in a combined individual‐level database from four relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs; n = 881). Together, these RCTs investigated the short‐term (1 week) and medium‐term (4 or 5 weeks) treatment responses for morphine, buprenorphine, methadone, oxycodone, and fentanyl. Candidate predictors for treatment response were sex, age, pain type, pain duration, depression, anxiety, Karnofsky performance score, opioid type, and use of anti‐neuropathic drug.ResultsOpioid type and pain type were found statistically significant predictors of short‐term treatment success. Sex, age, pain type, anxiety, and opioid type were statistically, significantly associated with medium‐term treatment success. However, these models showed low discriminative power.ConclusionFentanyl and methadone, and mixed pain were found to be statistically significant predictors of treatment success in patients with cancer‐related pain. With the predictors currently assessed our data did not allow for the creation of a clinical prediction model with good discriminative power. Additional – unrevealed – predictors are necessary to develop a future prediction model.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of different tissues of Solanum khasianum reveals candidate genes involved in steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthesis
Authors: Zhang Shuaishuai , Shan Tingyu , Xu Jingyao , Zhao Liqiang , Wu Jiawen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFruits and leaves of Solanum khasianum C. B. Clarke have long been used as a common Chinese herbal medicine. Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs), the main active ingredient in S. khasianum, exhibit various pharmacological effects. However, genes involved in the SGA biosynthetic pathway in S. khasianum have not yet been identified. Genes encoding potential key SGA biosynthesis enzymes were identified through comprehensive RNA sequencing analysis (RNA‐seq) of S. khasianum leaves, stems, and fruits. A total of 123,704 unigenes were obtained, of which 109,775 (88.74%) were annotated in seven public databases. Among these, 54 unigenes potentially involved in SGA biosynthesis were identified. Additionally, 23,636 differentially expressed genes were identified by comparing gene expression levels among the fruits, stems, and leaves of S. khasianum. The structural characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of cycloartenol synthase involved in SGA biosynthesis were further analyzed. Solasodine constituent was detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography. This is the first study to report the comparative transcriptome analysis of different tissues of S. khasianum that identifies valuable genes potentially involved in SGA biosynthesis in this species.
Bone reconstruction of extensive maxillomandibular defects in adults
Authors: Kämmerer Peer W. , Al‐Nawas Bilal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReconstruction of significant maxillomandibular defects is a challenge that has been much discussed over the last few decades. Fundamental principles were developed decades ago (bone bed viability, graft immobilization). Clinical decision‐making criteria are highly relevant, including local/systemic factors and incision designs, the choice of material, grafting technique, and donor site morbidity. Stabilizing particulated grafts for defined defects—that is, via meshes or shells—might allow significant horizontal and vertical augmentation; the alternatives are onlay and inlay techniques. More significant defects might require extra orally harvested autologous bone blocks. The anterior iliac crest is often used for nonvascularized augmentation, whereas more extensive defects often require microvascular reconstruction. In those cases, the free fibula flap has become the standard of care. The development of alternatives is still ongoing (i.e., alloplastic reconstruction, zygomatic implants, obturators, distraction osteogenesis). Especially for these complex procedures, three‐dimensional planning tools enable facilitated planning and a surgical workflow.
Biaxial expansion due to compression experiments for measuring the failure strain of tubular samples
Authors: Bono M. , Zouari A. , Le Jolu T. , Le Boulch D. , Tabouret H. , Crépin J. , Besson J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe failure strain of a tube is a function of the biaxial strain ratio (axial strain/hoop strain) to which it is subjected. The relationship between failure strain and the strain ratio can be determined experimentally using expansion due to compression tests with a tensile load (EDCT), in which a ductile pellet placed inside the tube is compressed axially so it expands in diameter and imposes a hoop strain on the tube. At the same time, a tensile load on the ends of the tube creates an axial strain. This study investigates the capabilities and limitations of EDCT tests using two devices that allow experiments to be performed on a standard tensile testing machine. The first device applies an axial force on the ends of the sample, and the second device applies an axial displacement. Tests on zirconium alloy tubes confirmed that the failure strain is dependent on the strain ratio and the metallurgical state of the material. EDCT tests can produce a range of strain ratios, but there is an upper limit on the strain ratio that can be obtained, and it is dependent on the plastic behaviour of the sample and the friction conditions between the components.
Low incidence of de novo HLA antibodies after COVID‐19 vaccination: A cohort study of patients awaiting kidney transplantation
Authors: Abu‐Khader Ahmad , Hu Qian , Kamar Fareed , Galaszkiewicz Iwona , Wang Wenjie , Khan Faisal , Berka Noureddine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntibodies against human leukocyte antigen (anti‐HLA Abs) are associated with an increased risk of allograft loss. Herein, we report the prospective follow‐up for anti‐HLA Abs formation in 103 patients with end‐stage kidney disease on the waiting list for transplantation who underwent COVID‐19 vaccination.Patients and methodsSera were tested before and after vaccination using Luminex technology. The cohort comprised of 62 males and 41 females with a mean age of 56 ± 14 years. The patients received BNT162b2 (80.4%), mRNA‐1273 (18.5%), AZD1222 (0.40%), or ChAdOx1‐S (0.80%) vaccine. Patients were tested before and within 119 ± 50, 95 ± 46 and 25 ± 26 days after the first, second, and third dose of the vaccine, respectively.ResultsNo significant change in calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) after vaccination was seen. Although 98.1% of patients had no change in anti‐HLA Abs profile or cPRA after vaccination, two patients (1.9%) developed de novo anti‐HLA Abs against class I or II HLA antigens. In those two patients, the cPRA changed from 0% and 63% at baseline to 9% and 90% after vaccination, respectively. Both patients received the BNT162b2 mRNA‐based vaccine. The earliest detected anti‐HLA Abs was 18 days after the first dose.ConclusionIn rare cases, new anti‐HLA antibodies were observed after COVID‐19 vaccination, with potential implications for transplantation. The low incidence of this phenomenon is outweighed by the clinical benefits of vaccination.
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Integrated metabolome, full‐length sequencing, and transcriptome analyses unveil the molecular mechanisms of color formation of the canary yellow and red bracts of Bougainvillea × buttiana ‘Chitra’
Authors: Kang Yuqian , Li Yuxin , Zhang Tingting , Wang Peng , Liu Wen , Zhang Zhao , Yu Wengang , Wang Jian , Wang Jian , Zhou Yang 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYBougainvillea is a typical tropical flower of great ornamental value due to its colorful bracts. The molecular mechanism behind color formation is not well‐understood. Therefore, this research conducted metabolome analysis, transcriptome analysis, and multi‐flux full‐length sequencing in two color bracts of Bougainvillea × buttiana ‘Chitra’ to investigate the significantly different metabolites (SDMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Overall, 261 SDMs, including 62 flavonoids and 26 alkaloids, were detected, and flavonols and betalains were significantly differentially accumulated among the two bracts. Furthermore, the complete‐length transcriptome of Bougainvillea × buttiana was also developed, which contained 512 493 non‐redundant isoforms. Among them, 341 210 (66.58%) displayed multiple annotations in the KOG, GO, NR, KEGG, Pfam, Swissprot, and NT databases. RNA‐seq findings revealed that 3610 DEGs were identified between two bracts. Co‐expression analysis demonstrated that the DEGs and SDMs involved in flavonol metabolism (such as CHS, CHI, F3H, FLS, CYP75B1, kaempferol, and quercetin) and betacyanin metabolism (DODA, betanidin, and betacyanins) were the main contributors for the canary yellow and red bract formation, respectively. Further investigation revealed that several putative transcription factors (TFs) might interact with the promoters of the genes mentioned above. The expression profiles of the putative TFs displayed that they may positively and negatively regulate the structural genes' expression profiles. The data revealed a potential regulatory network between important genes, putative TFs, and metabolites in the flavonol and betacyanin biosynthesis of Bougainvillea × buttiana ‘Chitra’ bracts. These findings will serve as a rich genetic resource for future studies that could create new color bracts.
SepT, a novel protein specific to multicellular cyanobacteria, influences peptidoglycan growth and septal nanopore formation in
Anabaena
sp. PCC 7120
Authors: Velázquez-Suárez Cristina , Springstein Benjamin L. , Nieves-Morión Mercedes , Helbig Andreas O. , Kieninger Ann-Katrin , Maldener Iris , Nürnberg Dennis J. , Stucken Karina , Luque Ignacio , Dagan Tal , Herrero Antonia 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Anabaena
sp. PCC 7120 grows by forming filaments of communicating cells and is considered a paradigm of bacterial multicellularity. Molecular exchanges between contiguous cells in the filament take place through multiprotein channels that traverse the septal peptidoglycan through nanopores connecting their cytoplasms. Besides, the septal-junction complexes contribute to strengthen the filament. In search for proteins with coiled-coil domains that could provide for cytoskeletal functions in
Anabaena
, we identified SepT (All2460). SepT is characteristic of the phylogenetic clade of filamentous cyanobacteria with the ability to undergo cell differentiation. SepT-GFP fusions indicate that the protein is located at the cell periphery and, conspicuously, in the intercellular septa. During cell division, the protein is found at midcell resembling the position of the divisome. The bacterial adenylate cyclase two-hybrid analysis shows SepT interactions with itself and putative elongasome (MreB, RodA), divisome (FtsW, SepF, ZipN), and septal-junction (SepJ)-related proteins. Thus, SepT appears to rely on the divisome for localization at mature intercellular septa to form part of intercellular protein complexes. Two independently obtained mutants lacking SepT showed alterations in cell size and impaired septal and peripheral peptidoglycan incorporation during cell growth and division. Notably, both mutants showed conspicuous alterations in the array of nanopores present in the intercellular peptidoglycan disks, including aberrant nanopore morphology, number, and distribution. SepT appears, therefore, to be involved in the control of peptidoglycan growth and the formation of cell-cell communication structures that are at the basis of the multicellular character of this group of cyanobacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Multicellular organization is a requirement for the development of complex organisms, and filamentous cyanobacteria such as
Anabaena
represent a paradigmatic case of bacterial multicellularity. The
Anabaena
filament can include hundreds of communicated cells that exchange nutrients and regulators and, depending on environmental conditions, can include different cell types specialized in distinct biological functions. Hence, the specific features of the
Anabaena
filament and how they are propagated during cell division represent outstanding biological issues. Here, we studied SepT, a novel coiled-coil-rich protein of
Anabaena
that is located in the intercellular septa and influences the formation of the septal specialized structures that allow communication between neighboring cells along the filament, a fundamental trait for the performance of
Anabaena
as a multicellular organism.
Mammals show distinct functional gut microbiome dynamics to identical series of environmental stressors
Authors: Koziol Adam , Odriozola Iñaki , Leonard Aoife , Eisenhofer Raphael , San José Carlos , Aizpurua Ostaizka , Alberdi Antton 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

The ability of the gut microbiome has been posited as an additional axis of animals’ phenotypic plasticity. However, whether and how such plasticity varies across hosts with different biological features remains unclear. We performed a captivity experiment to compare how the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional microbial dynamics varied across a series of temperature and dietary disturbances in two mammals: the insectivorous-specialist
Crocidura russula
and the omnivorous-generalist
Apodemus sylvaticus
. Combining genome-resolved metagenomics, metabolic pathway distillation and joint species distribution modeling, we observed that, although microbiome alpha diversity of both species remained stable,
C. russula
exhibited substantially higher variability and directionality of microbial responses than
A. sylvaticus
. Our results indicate that the intrinsic properties (e.g., diversity and functional redundancy) of microbial communities coupled with physiological attributes (e.g., thermal plasticity) of hosts shape the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional response of gut microbiomes to environmental stressors, which might influence their contribution to the acclimation and adaptation capacity of animal hosts.

IMPORTANCE
In our manuscript, we report the first interspecific comparative study about the plasticity of the gut microbiota. We conducted a captivity experiment that exposed wild-captured mammals to a series of environmental challenges over 45 days. We characterized their gut microbial communities using genome-resolved metagenomics and modeled how the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional microbial dynamics varied across a series of disturbances in both species. Our results indicate that the intrinsic properties (e.g., diversity and functional redundancy) of microbial communities coupled with physiological attributes (e.g., thermal plasticity) of hosts shape the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional response of gut microbiomes to environmental stressors, which might influence their contribution to the acclimation and adaptation capacity of animal hosts.
Complete genome sequence of
Blautia luti
JCM 17040
T
Authors: Fukuoka Hironori , Tourlousse Dieter M. , Hamajima Mayu , Koike Kazuyoshi , Endo Itaru , Sekiguchi Yuji 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

We generated a complete genome sequence of the type strain of
Blautia luti
(JCM 17040
T
= DSM 14534
T
) by Nanopore sequencing. The genome consists of a circular chromosome of 3,741,599 bp with a G + C content of 42.9% and was predicted to contain 3,431 protein-coding sequences.