bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary free cortisol is an independent predictive factor for early distinction between ectopic ACTH secretion and pituitary Cushing’s disease
Authors: FURNICA RALUCA MARIA , NACHIT MARINE , COLLARD ALIX , CORNELIS FRANK , ALEXOPOULOU ORSALIA , MAITER DOMINIQUE 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To identify potential predictors for early suspicion of Cushing’s syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion (ECS) in comparison with pituitary Cushing’s disease (CD).
Methods: Retrospective case-nested study of 18 patients with ECS compared with 36 patients with CD matched for the time of diagnosis.
Results: Serum potassium level ≤ 3.65 mmol/L had a sensitivity and a specificity of 77% and LDH level > 1.3xULN had a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 68% for the diagnosis of ECS. Both parameters were correlated with 24h urinary-free cortisol (UFC) which was markedly higher in the ECS group (p<0.05). On univariate analysis, older age at diagnosis, male sex, hypokalemia, higher LDH and UFC values were significant predictors of ECS. Male sex increased the relative risk of ECS by 6.8 times and hypokalemia increased this risk by 52 times for each 1.0 mmol/L-decrease in potassium. Only UFC (expressed as log10) remained as independent predictive factor in the multivariate analysis (p=0.0009). A discriminant decision-tree approach showed that UFC ≥ 633 µg/24h (10.5-fold the ULN) was the best cut-off with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 92% for the diagnosis of ECS.
Conclusion: While severe hypokalemia and higher LDH values are linked to a more severe degree of hypercortisolism in patients with ECS, 24h UFC at diagnosis appears to be the most reliable independent predictor of ECS, with the best cut-off value determined at 10.5-fold the ULN, above which clinicians should rapidly suspect ECS and perform a thoraco-abdominal CT scan.
Novel Tetrahedral Human Phantoms for Space Radiation Dose Assessment
Authors: Chancellor Jeffery , Chesal Megan , Blue Rebecca , Aunon-Chancellor Serena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Space radiation remains one of the primary hazards to spaceflight crews. The unique nature of the intravehicular radiation spectrum makes prediction of biological outcomes difficult, with computational simulation-based efforts stymied by lack of computational resources or accurate modeling capabilities. Recent advancements in both Monte Carlo simulations and computational human phantom developments have allowed for complex radiation simulations and dosimetric calculations to be performed for numerous applications. In this work, advanced tetrahedral-type human phantoms were exposed to a simulated spectrum of particles equivalent to a single days exposure in the International Space Station in Low Earth Orbit. 3D Monte Carlo techniques were used to produce and simulate the radiation spectra. Organ absorbed dose, average energy deposition, and the whole-body integral dose was determined for a male and female phantom. Results were then extrapolated for two long-term scenarios: a 6-9 month mission on the International Space Station and a 3-year mission to Mars. The whole-body integral dose for the male and female models were found to be 0.2985 ± 0.0002 mGy/day 0.3050 ± 0.0002 mGy/day, respectively, which is within 10% of recorded dose values from the International Space Station. This work presents a novel approach to assess absorbed dose from space-like radiation fields using high-fidelity computational phantoms, highlighting the utility of complex models for space radiation research.
Does adoption of environmental policy matter for women's political empowerment in developing countries?
Authors: Ondoa Henri Atangana , ELOUNDOU Georges NGNOUWAL , Beyene Blaise Ondoua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper assesses the effect of environmental policy on women's political empowerment (WPE). Using a sample of 96 developing countries (DCs), we specify and estimate a static and dynamic panel data model using pooled ordinary least squares (POLS) and system generalized method of moments (sGMM) over the period 2006-2019. Our results show that environmental policy significantly increases WPE. Robustness is tested through the use of disaggregated indexes, political participation, civil society participation and women's civil liberties. We suggest a strategic adoption of effective and inclusive environmental policies for the consolidation of women's political empowerment in developing countries.
Senolytic therapy alleviates physiological human brain aging and COVID-19 neuropathology
Authors: Aguado Julio , Amarilla Alberto , Fard Atefeh Taherian , Albornoz Eduardo , Tyshkovskiy Alexander , Schwabenland Marius , Chaggar Harman , Modhiran Naphak , Gómez-Inclán Cecilia , Javed Ibrahim , Baradar Alireza , Liang Benjamin , Dharmaratne Malindrie , Pietrogrande Giovanni , Padmanabhan Pranesh , Freney Morgan , Parry Rhys , Sng Julian , Isaacs Ariel , Khromykh Alexander , Rojas-Fernandez Alejandro , Davis Thomas , Prinz Marco , Bengsch Bertram , Gladyshev Vadim , Woodruff Trent , Mar Jessica , Watterson Daniel , Wolvetang Ernst 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aging is the primary risk factor for most neurodegenerative diseases, and recently coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with severe neurological manifestations that can eventually impact neurodegenerative conditions in the long-term. The progressive accumulation of senescent cells in vivo strongly contributes to brain aging and neurodegenerative co-morbidities but the impact of virus-induced senescence in the aetiology of neuropathologies is unknown. Here, we show that senescent cells accumulate in physiologically aged brain organoids of human origin and that senolytic treatment reduces inflammation and cellular senescence; for which we found that combined treatment with the senolytic drugs dasatinib and quercetin rejuvenates transcriptomic human brain aging clocks. We further interrogated brain frontal cortex regions in postmortem patients who succumbed to severe COVID-19 and observed increased accumulation of senescent cells as compared to age-matched control brains from non-COVID-affected individuals. Moreover, we show that exposure of human brain organoids to SARS-CoV-2 evoked cellular senescence, and that spatial transcriptomic sequencing of virus-induced senescent cells identified a unique SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific inflammatory signature that is different from endogenous naturally-emerging senescent cells. Importantly, following SARS-CoV-2 infection of human brain organoids, treatment with senolytics blocked viral retention and prevented the emergence of senescent corticothalamic and GABAergic neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrate in human ACE2 overexpressing mice that senolytic treatment ameliorates COVID-19 brain pathology following infection with SARS-CoV-2. In vivo treatment with senolytics improved SARS-CoV-2 clinical phenotype and survival, alleviated brain senescence and reactive astrogliosis, promoted survival of dopaminergic neurons, and reduced viral and senescence-associated secretory phenotype gene expression in the brain. Collectively, our findings demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 can trigger cellular senescence in the brain, and that senolytic therapy mitigates senescence-driven brain aging and multiple neuropathological sequelae caused by neurotropic viruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
Serum kynurenine and beta-alanine levels are associated with Wnt pathway gene expression in leukocytes of patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Hajihassani Afsaneh , Nourazarian Alireza , Nikanfar Masoud , Laghousi Delara , Khaki-Khatibi Fatemeh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. Despite its worldwide prevalence, there is currently no clear explanation of the mechanism of this disease. Moreover, the lack of reliable and accurate biomarkers makes the early detection of PD difficult. Therefore, we aimed to investigate serum beta-alanine and kynurenine levels and the expression of Wnt pathway genes in leukocytes from patients with PD.
Methods: Ninety patients (45 with PD and 45 healthy individuals) were enrolled in this study. 10 mL of blood samples were taken from all participants. The serum levels of beta-alanine and kynurenine were measured using ELISA, and the expression of Wnt pathway genes in leukocytes was determined using real-time PCR.
Results: Serum levels of kynurenine and beta-alanine were higher in patients with PD than in the control group. Data analysis also showed that the expression of some genes of the Wnt signaling pathway in leukocytes was decreased.
Conclusions: A correlation was observed between serum beta-alanine and kynurenine levels and the expression of the Wnt pathway gene in leukocytes in patients with PD. Therefore, these biomarkers can be used for early detection, monitoring, and treatment of patients with PD.
Experimental Investigation of Effect of Flyash and Perlite on Hydration Temperature in Self Compacting Concrete
Authors: Gandage Abhijeet , Ram V. Vinayaka 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The cement hydration reaction is an exothermic reaction characterized by rise in temperature within the concrete during its setting phase. This is significant in the case of self-compacting concrete (SCC), having high cement content and low water-cement ratio. An experimental investigation was undertaken to measure the temperature developed during the setting of M-40 grade SCC mix with crushed sand. Mix A without any powder additions, Mix B with 20% fly ash as a cement replacement material and Mix C with 20% fly ash as a cement replacement material and 5% perlite as fine aggregate replacement were studied. The instrumented cube specimens corresponding to three mixes were observed for a period of 48 hours and the temperature values observed during setting phase of concrete mixes were plotted. The maximum cube temperature for Mix B was 3% lower as compared to maximum cube temperature in Mix A, while for Mix C it was 7% lower than the maximum temperature recorded for Mix A. Addition of fly ash and perlite reduced the temperature due to hydration reaction.
Intelligent Intrusion Detection System Using Log Cluster Knowledge Inference Bayes in Complex Event Processing
Authors: S Sandosh , R Padmanaban , R Kaviarasan , M Azhagiri 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are critical components in a secure network environment, permitting for initial discovery of malicious actions along with attacks. By means of using the data provided by IDS, it is probable to relate proper countermeasures and to alleviate attacks that extremely determine the security of a network. Widespread research was done in the field of IDS design to construct highly scalable IDS without compromising efficiency and security. The purpose of the proposed work is to develop Intelligent IDS using Log Cluster Knowledge Inference Bayes (IIDS-LCKIB) in Complex Event Processing (CEP) Environment. IIDS-LCKIB is used to examine the network traffic data effectivelyIIDS-LCKIB provide the better CEP Environment. Further, it endeavours to decrease the rate of False Positive for the solicitation of network intrusion systems in the real-world and to focus on security along with scalability in Network traffic data. In addition, it tries to test and estimate the performance using New Mathematical IIDS-LCKIB in CEP Environment. The parameters simulation is tested in Java/J2EE software.
Anatomical and surgical characteristics correlate with pachymeningeal failure in patients with brain metastases after neurosurgical resection and adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Kalyvas Aristotelis , Gutierrez-Valencia Enrique , Lau Ruth , Ye Xiang Y , O'Halloran Philip J. , Mohan Nilesh , Wong Christine , Millar Barbara-Ann , Laperriere Normand , Conrad Tatiana , Berlin Alejandro , Bernstein Mark , Zadeh Gelareh , Shultz David B. , Kongkham Paul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Neurosurgery (NS) is an essential modality for large brain metastases (BM). Postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is the standard of care adjuvant treatment. Pachymeningeal failure (PMF) is a newly described entity, distinct from classical leptomeningeal failure (LMF), that is uniquely observed in postoperative patients treated with adjuvant SRS. We sought to identify risk factors for PMF in patients treated with NS + SRS.
Methods
From a prospective registry (2009 to 2021), we identified all patients treated with NS + SRS. Clinical, imaging, pathological, and treatment factors were analyzed. PMF incidence was evaluated using a competing risks model.
Results
144 Patients were identified. The median age was 62 (23–90). PMF occurred in 21.5% (31/144). Female gender [Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.65, p = 0.013], higher Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) index (HR 2.4, p < 0.001), absence of prior radiation therapy (HR N/A, p = 0.018), controlled extracranial disease (CED) (HR 3.46, p = 0.0038), and pia/dura contact (PDC) (HR 3.30, p = 0.0053) were associated with increased risk for PMF on univariate analysis. In patients with PDC, wider target volumes correlated with reduced risk of PMF. Multivariate analysis indicated PDC (HR 3.51, p = 0.0053), piecemeal resection (HR 2.38, p = 0.027), and CED (HR 3.97, p = 0.0016) independently correlated with PMF risk. PMF correlated with reduced OS (HR 2.90, p < 0.001) at a lower rate compared to LMF (HR 10.15, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
PMF correlates with tumor PDC and piecemeal resection in patients treated with NS + SRS. For unclear reasons, it is also associated with CED. In tumors with PDC, wider dural radiotherapy coverage was associated with a lower risk of PMF.
Proteomics profiling reveals biomarkers for predicting diagnosis, disease activity and long-term disability outcome in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Åkesson Julia , Hojjati Sara , Hellberg Sandra , Raffetseder Johanna , Khademi Mohsen , Rynkowski Robert , Kockum Ingrid , Altafini Claudio , Lubovac-Pilav Zelmina , Mellergård Johan , Jenmalm Maria , Piehl Fredrik , Olsson Tomas , Ernerudh Jan , Gustafsson Mika 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To personalize multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment strategies, sensitive and reliable protein biomarkers are needed to predict disease trajectory. We used protein profiling based on the highly sensitive proximity extension assay combined with next generation sequencing (Olink Explore) to measure 1463 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma from 143 people with early-stage MS and 43 healthy controls. With longitudinally followed discovery and replication cohorts we identified CSF proteins that consistently predicted both short- and long-term disease progression. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) in CSF was confirmed as superior for predicting the absence of disease activity 2 years after sampling (replication AUC = 0.77). Importantly, we also identified a combination of 11 CSF proteins (CXCL13, LTA, FCN2, ICAM3, LY9, SLAMF7, TYMP, CHI3L1, FYB1, TNFRSF1B, NfL) that could predict the severity of disability worsening according to the normalized age-related MS severity score (replication AUC = 0.90). Identified proteins elucidate pathogenetic processes and can aid decisions of treatment strategies for people with MS.
Community Deception in Directed Influence Networks
Authors: Madi Saif Aldeen , Pirrò Giuseppe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Community deception is about protecting users of a community from being discovered by community detection algorithms. This paper stud- ies community deception in Directed Influence Networks (DIN) and aims to address limitations of the state-of-the-art through a two-fold strategy: introducing directed influence and considering the role of nodes in the deception strategy. The study focuses on using modularity as the optimization function and offers several contributions, including an upgraded version of modularity that accommodates the concept of influence, edge-based and node-based deception algorithms. The study concludes with a comparison of the proposed methods with the state-of-the-art showing that not only influence is a useful ingredient to devise deception strategies but also that novel deception strategies centered on node operations can be successfully devised.
Diffraction patterning using back scattering of electrons in Zr47.5Cu45.5Al5Co2 Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composites
Authors: RAFIQUE Muhammad Musaddique Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bulk metallic glass matrix composites have emerged as competent structural material of future bearing potential structural applications. However, the optimum percentage of crystallinity required to produce enough toughness that it can serve as structural component is still a matter of debate. In this study, an effort is made to address this problem by inoculation. A controlled amount of carefully selected inoculant is introduced in Zr47.5Cu45.5Al5Co2 bulk metallic glass matrix composite during melting and solidification. Its effect is checked by detailed diffraction patterning using back scattering of electrons in scanning microscopy using a detector. Proper pattern capture, background correction, binning, Hough space transformation, step size selection, indexing and matching with well-defined crystal structure files have shown to reflect upon pattern and map quality. This shows and bears direct relation with effect of inoculation. Results from two independent laboratories are reported. Diffraction is observed and indicates towards presence of crystalline phases. Inoculation treatment is shown to be advantageous.
On the ERDŐS distance problem
Authors: Agama Theophilus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
In this paper, using the method of compression, we recover the lower bound for the Erdős unit distance problem and provide an alternative proof to the distinct distance conjecture. In particular, we show that for sets of points 𝔼 ⊂ Rk concentrated around the origin with #𝔼 ∩ Nk = n/2, we have
#{ || xj − xt|| : xj ∈ 𝔼 ⊂ Rk, || xj − xt|| = 1, 1 ≤ t, j ≤ n} ≫ k √k/2 n1+o(1).
We also show that
#{ dj : dj = || xs − yt||, dj ≠ di, 1 ≤ s, t ≤ n} ≫k √k/2 n2/k−o(1).
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 54C40, 14E20; Secondary 46E25, 20C20.
Design, Fabrication, and Implementation of Post-Combustor for Emission Control
Authors: SINGH ARPIT KUMAR , REHAN MOHAMMAD , SINGH SANDIP KUMAR 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Developing countries like India are facing a major concern of an increase in the level of air pollution which is a result of the rapidly increasing number of vehicles and industries. This study aims to reduce the level of exhaust emission from vehicles and industry by using a Post-combustor. Post- combustor is a device that is used to control exhaust emissions by burning the un-burned by-product by providing extra heat to exhaust gases before eliminating it into the atmosphere. In this study a Post-combustor was designed and fabricated using glow-plugs which convert electrical energy into thermal energy using a 12-Volt power supply from the vehicle itself, glow-plugs can attain a temperature of up to 1600˚C in just a few seconds which is sufficient enough to reduce carbon monoxide, Unburned Hydrocarbons and other constituents of exhaust emissions.
Outcome of patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections treated with cefiderocol: a multicenter observational study
Authors: Calò Federica , Onorato Lorenzo , De Luca Ilaria , Macera Margherita , Monari Caterina , Durante-Mangoni Emanuele , Massa Alessia , Gentile Ivan , Caprio Giovanni Di , Pagliano Pasquale , Numis Fabio Giuliano , Iuliano Pasquale , Buonomo Antonio Riccardo , Leone Sebastiano , Maggi Paolo , Coppola Nicola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: No clear evidence supports the use of cefiderocol as first line treatment in A. baumannii infections.
Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective/prospective multicenter study including all patients >18 years with carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii(CRAB) infections treated with cefiderocol, from June 1 2021 to October 30 2022. Primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, secondary end-points the clinical and microbiological response at 7 days and at the end of treatment. Furthermore, we compared the clinical and microbiological outcomes among patients who received cefiderocol in monotherapy or in combination.
Results: Forty infections were included [mean age 65 years (SD +16.3), 75% males, 90% with hospital-acquired infections and 70% showing sepsis or septic shock]. The most common infections included unknown source or catheter-related bacteremia (45%) and pneumonia (40%). We observed at 7 days and at the end of therapy a rate of microbiological failure of 20% and 10%, respectively, and of clinical failure of 47.5% and 32.5%, respectively; the in-hospital mortality rate was 50%. At multivariate analysis McCabe score of 2-3 and clinical failure at 7 days of treatment were the only independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Comparing monotherapy (used in 72.5%) vs. combination therapy (used in 27.5%), no differences were observed in mortality (51.7 vs 45.5%) and clinical (41.4 vs 63.7%) or microbiological failure (24.1 vs 9.1%).
Conclusions: The findings of this study reinforce the effectiveness of cefiderocol in CRAB infections, also as monotherapy. However, prospective multicenter studies with larger sample sizes and a control group treated with standard of care are needed to identify the best treatment for CRAB infections.
Orbits of charged particles with an azimuthalinitial velocity in a dipole magnetic field
Authors: Pang Hanrui , Liu Siming , Liu Rong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nonintegrable dynamical systems have complex structures in their phase space.Motion of a test charged particle in a dipole magnetic field can be reduced to a 2degree-of-freedom (2 d.o.f.) nonintegrable Hamiltonian system. We carried out asystematicstudyoforbitsofchargedparticleswithanazimuthalinitialvelocityina dipole field via calculation of their Lyapunov characteristic exponents (LCEs)and escape times for a dimensionless energy less and greater than 1/32, respec-tively. Meridian plane periodic orbits symmetric with respect to the equatorialplane are then identified. We found that 1) symmetric periodic orbits can be clas-sified into several classes based on their number of crossing points on the equato-rialplane;2)theinitialconditionsoftheseclasseslocateonclosedloopsorclosedcurves going through the origin; 3) most isolated regions of stable quasi-periodicorbits are associated asymmetric stable periodic orbits; 4) classes of asymmet-ric periodic orbits either go through the origin or terminate at flat equatorialplane orbits with the other end approaching centers of spiral structures; 5) thereare apparent self-similarities in the above features with the decrease of energy.
Research on automatic detection of epilepsy based on sliding time windows
Authors: Jing Zhiyi , Wu Ying , Xu Yeyin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Epilepsy is a highly prevalent neurological disorder worldwide, and the automatic detection of epileptic activity in clinical practice is a significant focus of researchers. In this study, we construct a high-performance model for normal and epileptic electroencephalogram signals using a con-volutional neural network architecture called Shallow ConvNet based on the CHB-MIT dataset. The model achieves a maximum classification accuracy of 98%. We also investigate the effects of different data slice and sample sizes on the model performance. Results show that larger data slice sizes can improve accuracy and generalization ability to a certain extent, while increasing the sample size of the training set only improves accuracy but not generalization ability. The best overall performance is achieved by the classifier trained with a slice size of 5 seconds and a training set sample size of 500. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the clinical application of automatic epilepsy detection.