bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occipital bone and tumor-induced osteomalacia: a rare tumor site for an uncommon paraneoplastic syndrome
Authors: Colangelo Luciano , Sonato Chiara , Cipriani Cristiana , Pepe Jessica , Farinacci Giorgia , Palmisano Biagio , Occhiuto Marco , Riminucci Mara , Corsi Alessandro , Minisola Salvatore 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an uncommon paraneoplastic syndrome due to the overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). It is predominantly caused by mesenchymal tumors and cured upon their complete removal. Non-surgical treatment is an alternative option but limited to specific clinical conditions.

Methods
We report a challenging case of TIO caused by a tumor involving the occipital bone. We also performed a literature review of TIO caused by tumors localized at this site, focusing on clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes.

Results
The patient, a 62-year-old male, presented with a long-lasting history of progressive weakness. Biochemical evaluation revealed severe hypophosphatemia due to low renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate with raised intact FGF23 values. A 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/TC imaging showed a suspicious lesion located in the left occipital bone that MRI and selective venous catheterization confirmed to be the cause of TIO. Stereotactic gamma knife radiosurgery was carried out, but unfortunately, the patient died of acute respiratory failure.
To date, only seven additional cases of TIO have been associated to tumors located in the occipital bone. Furthermore, the tumor involved the left side of the occipital bone in all these patients.

Conclusion
The occipital region is a difficult area to access so a multidisciplinary approach for their treatment is required. If anatomical differences could be the basis for the predilection of the left side of the occipital bone, it remains to be clarified.
Runt-related Transcription Factors and Gene Regulatory Mechanisms in Skeletal Development and Diseases
Authors: Hojo Hironori , Ohba Shinsuke 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Runt-related transcription factors (RUNX) play critical roles in skeletal development, metabolism, and diseases. In mammals, three RUNX members, namely RUNX1, RUNX2, and RUNX3, play distinct and redundant roles, although RUNX2 is a dominant factor in skeletal development and several skeletal diseases. This review is to provide an overview of the current understanding of RUNX-mediated transcriptional regulation in different skeletal cell types.

Recent Findings
Advances in chromatin immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) have revealed genome-wide RUNX-mediated gene regulatory mechanisms, including their association with cis-regulatory elements and putative target genes. Further studies with genome-wide analysis and biochemical assays have shed light on RUNX-mediated pioneering action and involvements of RUNX2 in lipid–lipid phase separation.

Summary
Emerging multi-layered mechanisms of RUNX-mediated gene regulations help us better understanding of skeletal development and diseases, which also provides clues to think how genome-wide studies can help develop therapeutic strategies for skeletal diseases.
Construction, Characterization, DFT Computational Study, and Evaluation the Performance of Some New N-Amino Pyridinone Schiff Base Catalyzed with Ceric(IV) Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) as Corrosion Inhibitors in Some Petroleum Applications
Authors: Abd-elmaksoud Gehad A. , Abusaif Moustafa S. , Ammar Yousry A. , Al-Sharbasy S. , Migahed M. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, two novel organic inhibitors, TAP-TPP and TAP-CEQ, were prepared via Schiff base condensation as a green chemistry methodology using an eco-friendly catalyst, ceric ammonium nitrate, with a high yield (87% and 91%), and characterized via elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis tools. Weight loss assessment was utilized as a chemical testing method, and the maximum inhibition efficiency of TAP-TPP and TAP-CEQ is 89.4% and 91.8%, respectively. PDP and EIS were electrochemical measures to determine the efficacy of both inhibitors as anticorrosion for carbon steel alloys in 2 M HCl aggressive media. The collected electrochemical results demonstrated that both inhibitors behaved as excellent anticorrosion agents for metallic constructions. According to the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) analysis, these organic inhibitors worked as mixed-type inhibitors. The adsorption isotherm revealed that undertaken compounds obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm with the free energies of adsorption of ranged from ΔG = − 34.29 to − 34.63 kJ Mol−1. Also, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data confirmed that the values charge transfer resistance (Rct) was increased by increasing the concentration of the injected inhibitor molecules. In contrast, the electrochemical double layer (Cdl) was dramatically decreased. The work was supported by two-surface analysis methods such as SEM and EDX. For more details, the values of percentage inhibition efficiency can be ordered as follows: TAP-CEQ > TAP-TPP. Finally, a suitable inhibition mechanism and theoretical studies including EHOMO, ELUMO, diploe moment (µ), and electrophilicity index (ω) were assumed and discussed in detailed.
Prevalence and risk factors of frailty in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Li-Cong , Lu Hong-Yan , Wang Xiao-Yan , Xiao Gang , Chang Yan , Yuan Ping , Wang Bei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To systematically review the prevalence and risk factors for frailty in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, and a search of the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases was carried out to collect Chinese and English studies on frailty and COPD published up to September 5, 2022.

Results
A total of 38 articles were included for the quantitative analysis after the collected literature was either included or omitted based on pertinent criteria. The results indicated that the estimated overall pooled prevalence of frailty was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 31–41%), and the estimated pre-frailty was 43% (95% CI = 37–49%). A higher age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01–1.06) and higher COPD assessment test (CAT) score (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.12–1.27) were associated with a significantly increased likelihood of frailty in patients with COPD. However, a higher educational attainment (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.43–0.69) and higher income (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.45–0.88) were associated with a significantly reduced risk of frailty in patients with COPD. A total of 17 other risk factors for frailty were identified via qualitative synthesis.

Conclusion
The incidence of frailty in patients with COPD is high, and there are many influencing factors.
Effects of Incident Nearfield Waves on the Reflection Coefficients for Flexural Vibrations with a Nonlinear Boundary
Authors: Abdi Moein , Sorokin Vladislav , Mace Brian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This paper studies how a nearfield incident wave affects reflection coefficients for an Euler–Bernoulli beam attached to a cubic nonlinear boundary stiffness.

Methods
A number of time-harmonic nearfield and propagating waves are incident on the boundary at different frequencies, these being integer multiples of the fundamental (lowest) frequency. Reflected waves also at frequencies multiple of the fundamental frequency are produced as a result. Reflection coefficients are normalized with respect to the incident propagating wave’s amplitude at the fundamental frequency. The reflection coefficients, which rely on the amplitudes of the incident waves, are calculated using a series of equations. The harmonic balance method is used to truncate these equations, and they are then solved numerically.

Results
In order to compare numerical findings to the case in which only propagating waves are incident, a mix of incident nearfield and propagating waves is considered. Furthermore, the effects of nonlinearity on the net propagating excited wave are shown.

Conclusion
It is shown that nearfield waves can have a profound effect on the reflection coefficients.
Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Resilience Scale
Authors: Cajada Lucia , Stephenson Zoe , Bishopp Darren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to critically evaluate the Resilience Scale (RS). The RS is a standardized 25-item self-report assessment tool that measures the degree of individual resilience focusing on positive psychological characteristics instead of deficits. Participants are required to rate, using a 7-point Likert item, how much they agree or disagree with the statements and how much they identify with them; higher scores reflect higher levels of resilience. The test authors suggest that five dimensions underpin the RS: equanimity, perseverance, meaningfulness, self-reliance, and existential aloneness, and the scale loads onto two factors described as personal competence and acceptance of self and life. However, there is little empirical support for the conceptual framework. The tool has been translated and validated in several languages as well as administered to over 3 million people around the world in 150 countries, making it the most widely used resilience measure. Nevertheless, there are questions with regards to the underlying construct and content validity, since the proposed theoretical constructs underpinning the scale are open to debate. Despite its popularity and apparent reliability, there are potential difficulties with the measure which are presented here. Finally, it is suggested that the scale would benefit from further examination of the underlying constructs which contribute to resilience.
Responsible Credit Risk Assessment with Machine Learning and Knowledge Acquisition
Authors: Guan Charles , Suryanto Hendra , Mahidadia Ashesh , Bain Michael , Compton Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMaking responsible lending decisions involves many factors. There is a growing amount of research on machine learning applied to credit risk evaluation. This promises to enhance diversity in lending without impacting the quality of the credit available by using data on previous lending decisions and their outcomes. However, often the most accurate machine learning methods predict in ways that are not transparent to human domain experts. A consequence is increasing regulation in jurisdictions across the world requiring automated decisions to be explainable. Before the emergence of data-driven technologies lending decisions were based on human expertise, so explainable lending decisions can, in principle, be assessed by human domain experts to ensure they are fair and ethical. In this study we hypothesised that human expertise may be used to overcome the limitations of inadequate data. Using benchmark data, we investigated using machine learning on a small training set and then correcting errors in the training data with human expertise applied through Ripple-Down Rules. We found that the resulting combined model not only performed equivalently to a model learned from a large set of training data, but that the human expert’s rules also improved the decision making of the latter model. The approach is general, and can be used not only to improve the appropriateness of lending decisions, but also potentially to improve responsible decision making in any domain where machine learning training data is limited in quantity or quality.
Feasibility and Cost Analysis of Portable MRI Implementation in a Remote Setting in Canada
Authors: DesRoche Chloe N. , Johnson Ana P. , Hore Elizabeth B. , Innes Elaine , Silver Ian , Tampieri Donatella , Kwan Benjamin Y.M. , Jimenez Johanna Ortiz , Boyd J. Gordon , Islam Omar 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTObjective:To conduct feasibility and cost analysis of portable MRI implementation in a remote setting where MRI access is otherwise unavailable.Methods:Portable MRI (ultra-low field, 0.064T) was installed in Weeneebayko General Hospital, Moose Factory, Ontario. Adult patients, presenting with any indication for neuroimaging, were eligible for study inclusion. Scanning period was from November 14, 2021, to September 6, 2022. Images were sent via a secure PACS network for Neuroradiologist interpretation, available 24/7. Clinical indications, image quality, and report turnaround time were recorded. A cost analysis was conducted from a healthcare system’s perspective in 2022 Canadian dollars, comparing cost of portable MRI implementation to transporting patients to a center with fixed MRI.Results:Portable MRI was successfully implemented in a remote Canadian location. Twenty-five patients received a portable MRI scan. All studies were of diagnostic quality. No clinically significant pathologies were identified on any of the studies. However, based on clinical presentation and limitations of portable MRI resolution, it is estimated that 11 (44%) of patients would require transfer to a center with fixed MRI for further imaging workup. Cost savings were $854,841 based on 50 patients receiving portable MRI over 1 year. Five-year budget impact analysis showed nearly $8 million dollars saved.Conclusions:Portable MRI implementation in a remote setting is feasible, with significant cost savings compared to fixed MRI. This study may serve as a model to democratize MRI access, offer timely care and improved triaging in remote areas where conventional MRI is unavailable.
Methylation Profiling Identifies Stability of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation Over Time
Authors: Voisin Mathew R. , Gui Chloe , Patil Vikas , Gao Andrew F. , Zadeh Gelareh 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT:Objective:Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status is a key diagnostic and prognostic feature of gliomas. It is thought to occur early in glioma tumorigenesis and remain stable over time. However, there are reports documenting a loss of IDH mutation status in a subset of patients with glioma recurrence. Here, we identified patients with a documented loss of IDH mutation status longitudinally and performed multi-platform analysis in order to determine if IDH mutations are stable throughout glioma evolution.Methods:We retrospectively identified patients from our institution from 2009 to 2018 with immunohistochemistry (IHC)-recorded IDH mutation status changes longitudinally. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and frozen tissue samples from these patients were collected from our institution’s tumour bank. Samples were analysed using methylation profiling, copy number variation, Sanger sequencing, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and IHC.Results:We reviewed 1491 archived glioma samples including 78 patients with multiple IDH mutant tumour samples collected longitudinally. In all instances of documented loss of IDH mutation status, multi-platform profiling identified a mixture of low tumour cell content and non-neoplastic tissue including perilesional, reactive or inflammatory cells.Conclusions:All patients with a documented loss of IDH mutation status longitudinally were resolved through multi-platform analysis. These findings support the hypothesis that IDH mutations occur early in gliomagenesis and in the absence of copy number changes at the IDH loci and are stable throughout tumour treatment and evolution. Our study highlights the importance of accurate surgical sampling and the role of DNA methylome profiling in diagnostically uncertain cases for integrated pathological and molecular diagnosis.
On the abundance of k-fold semi-monotone minimal sets in bimodal circle maps
Authors: BOYLAND PHILIP 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInspired by a twist map theorem of Mather. we study recurrent invariant sets that are ordered like rigid rotation under the action of the lift of a bimodal circle map g to the k-fold cover. For each irrational in the rotation set’s interior, the collection of the k-fold ordered semi-Denjoy minimal sets with that rotation number contains a
$(k-1)$
-dimensional ball with the weak topology on their unique invariant measures. We also describe completely their periodic orbit analogs for rational rotation numbers. The main tool used is a generalization of a construction of Hedlund and Morse that generates symbolic analogs of these k-fold well-ordered invariant sets.
Presidential Address ‘Some years of cudgelling my brains about the nature and function of science museums’: Frank Sherwood Taylor and the public role of the history of science
Authors: Boon Tim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFrank Sherwood Taylor was director of the Science Museum London for just over five years from October 1950. He was the only historian of science ever to have been director of this institution, which has always ridden a tightrope between advocacy of science and advocacy of its history, balancing differently at different points in its history. He was also president of the BSHS from 1951 to 1953. So what happened when a historian got his hands on the nation's pre-eminent public museum of science? To what extent did his historian's training and instincts affect his policies whilst director, and with what effect in the longer term? Taking this exceptional case, I suggest, enables us to consider how museum accounts of the past of science relate to historiographies of science otherwise available in the culture. In this discussion, drawing on new archival research, I consider the role of history within a key policy paper he wrote in 1951. I analyse and contextualize its main themes before considering, by way of conclusion, his legacy.
Use of the Microguide mobile phone application for ENT conditions: a national review
Authors: Wilson Emily , Dimitriou Alexia , Munnings Amberley , Hunt Alison 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveSmartphone applications are used widely in healthcare, including antimicrobial applications such as Microguide. There has been no review of hospitals using this smartphone application for ENT conditions.MethodsThis study analysed all hospital accounts using Microguide and examined the ENT conditions that were listed.ResultsIn total, 123 hospitals were included in this study; 45 ENT-related conditions were listed on Microguide across all hospitals, with an average of 8 conditions listed per hospital.ConclusionThere is a significant disparity of ENT conditions listed on Microguide. A suggested list is recommended to be included for ENT departments using Microguide, to help improve antimicrobial stewardship for the specialty.
Death, deathless states, and time-consciousness in Sikh philosophy
Authors: Mandair Arvind-Pal S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article examines Sikh conceptualizations about death and immortality, focusing on several thematic lines of inquiry drawn from the utterances of the Sikh Gurus (gurbāṇī): (i) ordinary or empirical death; (ii) deathless states; (iii) after death? (iv) this life; (v) personhood and the (non-)existence of God. These themes address philosophical issues related to concerns about fear of death, belief in an afterlife, as well as its implications for the nature of self and the concept of God in Sikhism. At the same time, however, the article complicates our understanding of these topics by resituating them within discussions of time and time-consciousness, thereby highlighting the need for a form of logic more conducive to the understanding of death and immortality in Sikh thought.
STRIVING FOR THE UNDERNEATH: BODY AND PATHOS IN CHAYA CZERNOWIN'S COMPOSITION FOR VOICE IN INFINITE NOW AND HEART CHAMBER
Authors: Shley-Zondiner Sarit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn her two recent operas, Heart Chamber (2017–19) and Infinite Now (2015–16), Chaya Czernowin uses vocal ensembles to embody a single character. In a 2016 article, she explained that she wanted to liberate the individual voice from its fixed emotional, social and individual conventions (especially its ingrained pathos), and to work with the voice as a free imaginative sonic material, using the ensemble technique to achieve this. This article argues that the voice ensemble technique amplifies and intensifies the pathos of the voice rather than eliminating it. Recognising that the voice has strong somatic qualities since it is produced in the body, I suggest a material-musical analysis, based on the theories of Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht and Brian Massumi, that focuses on the body, the sensual experience and the physical space, and rejects the hermeneutic tradition that refers to meaning and interpretation only. What emerges is that the voices, instrumentation and electronics of the ensemble are designed to embody the inner body and the outer space at the same time. The voice ensemble may split and produce multi-layered mental–physical states, and express how traditional dichotomies, such as culture/nature, body/mind and subject/object, can meld into multi-perspective processual movements. It is in this intersection of sound and drama, manifesting the corporeal, that the unique power of opera is evinced.
Appropriateness of strategy comparisons in cost-effectiveness analyses of infant pneumococcal vaccination: a systematic review
Authors: Scheffer Mariska M. J. , Coffeng Luc E. , O’Mahony James F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesCost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is the standard framework for informing the efficient allocation of scarce healthcare resources. The importance of considering all relevant intervention strategies and appropriate incremental comparisons have both long been recognized in CEA. Failure to apply methods correctly can lead to suboptimal policies. Our objective is to assess if CEAs of infant pneumococcal vaccination apply appropriate methods with respect to the completeness of strategies assessed and incremental comparisons between them.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases and performed a comparative analysis of the retrieved pneumococcal vaccination CEAs. We checked the appropriateness of the incremental analyses by attempting to replicate the published incremental cost-effectiveness (CE) ratios from the reported costs and health effects.ResultsOur search returned twenty-nine eligible articles. Most studies failed to recognize one or more intervention strategies (n = 21). Incremental comparisons were questionable in four CEAs and insufficient reporting of cost and health effect estimates was identified in three studies. Overall, we only found four studies that made appropriate comparisons between all strategies. Lastly, study findings appear to be strongly associated with manufacturer sponsorship.ConclusionsWe found considerable scope for improvement regarding strategy comparison in the infant pneumococcal vaccination literature. To prevent overestimation of the CE of new vaccines, we urge greater adherence to existing guidelines recommending that all available strategies are evaluated to capture relevant comparators for CE evaluation. Closer adherence to existing guidelines will generate better evidence, leading to more effective vaccination policies.