bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assembly of Tailored Porous Nanofibers from Mesoporous MCM‐41 Nanoparticles via Electrospinning
Authors: Timm Jana , Furtmair Michael , Marschall Roland 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor the first time the assembly of isolated and purified MCM‐41 nanoparticles into nanofibers was realized by electrospinning. Electrospinning was conducted with a dispersion of these nanoparticles and polyvinylpyrrolidone in ethanol. The nanofibers were characterized by electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, gas physisorption and infrared spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance. The variation of the spinning parameters was investigated in detail towards the influence on the nanofiber diameter. The change of the applied voltage and the flow rate show strong impacts on the nanofiber diameter. Therefore, the nanofiber diameter can be tailored by choosing suitable electrospinning parameters. The fiber mats with thin nanofibers were then additionally functionalized with sulfonic acid groups in a proof of principal study. The nanofiber morphology was maintained both after functionalization with thiol group and subsequent oxidation to sulfonic acid groups.
Poly(glycerol‐co‐glyceric acid) Functionalized Nanodiamonds by Nitroxyl Radical‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Primary Alcohols in Poly(glycerol) as Scaffolds for Further Conjugation
Authors: Nishikawa Masahiro , Yagasaki Hideo , He Shougang , Komatsu Naoki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPoly(glycerol) (PG) functionalization is versatile to make various nanoparticles dispersible in aqueous media. In addition, the abundant hydroxy groups in PG give scaffolds for further modification to introduce suitable functional groups. For example, carboxylic group (−COOH) has been introduced through the reaction of hydroxy (−OH) group in PG with succinic anhydride. However, ester linkage in the succinate moiety in the PG layer is subjected to hydrolysis. In this work, we develop an alternative way for a novel −COOH containing PG functionalized detonation nanodiamonds (DND‐PG‐COOH) via oxidation of primary −OH group of PG chain by nitroxyl radical catalysts well‐known as TEMPO or its analogues. The content of −COOH is found to be precisely controlled by the amount of oxidant.
Seismic mitigation performance of shape memory alloy flexible circumferential joint in shield tunnel
Authors: Ma Yongtao , Miao Yu , Long Xiaohong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe circumferential joint of a shield tunnel is prone to damage under strong earthquakes, affecting the safety of the tunnel. This paper adopts an innovative shape memory alloy (SMA) flexible circumferential joint for longitudinal seismic mitigation of the tunnel. The SMA joint is composed of SMA ring springs and ordinary bolts. The SMA joint design is performed for a shield tunnel, and a simplified model of the SMA joint is proposed. Based on the generalised response displacement method, the longitudinal seismic mitigation analysis of the tunnel is conducted, the arrangement of SMA joints is discussed, and the seismic mitigation performance is evaluated. Results show that the SMA joint design method can efficiently complete the joint design, and the SMA joint model can accurately reflect the joint performance. SMA joints can reduce the stiffness of tunnel joints and have a good energy dissipation effect, which is suitable for shield tunnel seismic mitigation. An appropriate SMA joint arrangement can concentrate the tunnel joint deformation and effectively reduce the opening width between the tunnel segment rings. It can also dissipate energy and reduce the internal force of the tunnel joint, thus enhancing the seismic safety of the tunnel.
A participant selection based vehicle platoon asynchronous federated learning framework
Authors: Ren Yilong , Liang Yuhao , Feng Xiaoyuan , Zhao Yanan , Zhao Jiejie , Yu Haiyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the vehicular network, federated learning is an emerging paradigm to train deep learning models safely. However, the non‐identically independent distributed data collected by intelligent connected vehicles, expensive training overhead, and the existence of malicious participants significantly affect the efficiency of training and constrain the development of federated learning in the vehicular network. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a participant selection‐based asynchronous federated learning framework for an intelligent connected vehicle platoon. We proposed a platoon‐based asynchronous federated learning framework that effectively improves training efficiency through data share and asynchronous optimization. Also, We designed a signaling game‐based participant selection strategy that accurately identifies the potentially malicious participants by analyzing the Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium. The comparison experiment result shows the training model using our proposed scheme converges faster than the baseline scheme and gains approximately 10% higher accuracy.
Teacher experience and students' mental well‐being
Authors: Shin Yoosik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between homeroom teachers' experience and students' mental well‐being, in addition to examining the underlying mechanisms that can explain the relationship.MethodsSecondary data from the Gyeonggi Education Panel Study was used. The analysis included 3002 fourth graders and 3090 first‐year middle school students in Gyeonggi province in South Korea, and the quasi‐random assignment of students into classrooms in South Korea was used. The level of students' mental well‐being was used as an outcome, and homeroom teachers' experience was used as an independent variable. Students' perception of their homeroom teachers' teaching skills and teachers' self‐perceived capacity for understanding students' behaviors were used for mechanism analyses.ResultsStudents assigned to homeroom teachers with less than 5 years of experience had lower mental well‐being than those assigned to more experienced homeroom teachers. Mechanism analyses revealed that teachers who had more than 5 years of experience were more confident about understanding their students than those who had less than 5 years of experience.ConclusionsHomeroom teachers' experience is highly associated with students' mental well‐being. To promote students' mental well‐being, deeper understanding of the relationship between teachers' experience and students' mental well‐being is necessary.
Genotoxic effect of iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles on Triticum aestivum (wheat)
Authors: Tasar Neslihan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndustrial activities and unconscious consumption of natural resources cause environmental pollution with the rapid increase in the world population. As a result of the widespread use of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NP) with nano‐industrial activities, it is predicted that this NP will accumulate in the air, water, and soil. In the present study, the purpose was to find out the genotoxic effects on root meristem cells of the Triticum aestivum L. plant, which is an indicator organism exposed to 20–40 nm Fe2O3 NPs at different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 ppm). The amount of Fe2O3 NP accumulated in T. aestivum used in the study was determined with x‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM element map, and EDS characteristic spectrum. All concentrations of Fe2O3 NP caused significant decreases in the mitotic index. Fe2O3 NPs significantly increased the frequency of mitotic abnormalities in T. aestivum root tip cells at all treatment times and all concentrations when compared to the control. Fe2O3 NPs were formed by various mitotic abnormalities such as loss of genetic material, deconstructed prophase, adhesion, chromosome groupings in metaphase, deconstructed metaphase, C‐Metaphase, chromosomal loss, chromosomal fracture, polyploidy, deconstructed anaphase, lagging chromosome, fragment, polar deviation, bridging, propagation, asynchronous division, star anaphase, multipolarity, and deconstructed telophase. All these results show that Fe2O3 NPs are genotoxic and clastogenic and may also cause DNA damage. Briefly, these data show that Fe2O3 NPs taken by organisms may pose a danger to the organism and the upper consumer. These findings also show that the production and use of Fe2O3 NPs, which affect organisms, must be controlled, and ultimately, be safely disposed of to reduce their bioaccumulation.Research Highlights
In the present study, the purpose was to find out the genotoxic effects on root meristem cells of the Triticum aestivum L. (bread wheat) plant, which is an indicator organism exposed to 20–40 nm Fe2O3 NPs at different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 ppm).
The amount of Fe2O3 NP accumulated in T. aestivum used in the study was determined with x‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM element map, and EDS characteristic spectrum.
The mitotic index was calculated to reveal the genotoxic effect.
“Loss of genetic material, deconstructed prophase, adhesion, chromosome groupings in metaphase, deconstructed metaphase, C‐Metaphase, chromosomal loss, chromosomal fracture, polyploidy, deconstructed anaphase, lagging chromosome, fragment, polar deviation, bridging, propagation, asynchronous division, star Chromosomal abnormalities such as anaphase, multipolarity, and deconstructed telophase” were visualized.
Fe2O3 NPs are genotoxic and clastogenic and may also cause DNA damage.
The regulatory functions of oxylipins in fungi: A review
Authors: Liu Huiqian , Zhang Xizi , Chen Wei , Wang Chengtao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuorum sensing (QS) is a communication mechanism between microorganisms originally found in bacteria. In recent years, an important QS mechanism has been discovered in the field of fungi, namely, the lipoxygenase compound oxylipin of arachidonic acid acts as a QS molecule in life cycle control, particularly in the sexual and asexual development of fungi. However, the role of oxylipins in mediating eukaryotic communication has not been previously described. In this paper, we review the regulatory role of oxylipins and the underlying mechanisms and discuss the potential for application in major fungi. The role of oxylipin as a fungal quorum‐sensing molecule is the main focus of the review. Besides, the quorum regulation of fungal morphological transformation, biofilm formation, virulence factors, secondary metabolism, infection, symbiosis, and other physiological behaviors are discussed. Moreover, future prospectives and applications are elaborated as well.
Patient partnerships, equality and the ‘long tail’ of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Prashar Jai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatient partnerships are vitally important in improving healthcare delivery, however they are underutilised for this purpose.MethodsHere, I discuss how the COVID‐19 pandemic has presented challenges for health equity but has also presented unique opportunities for enhancing the role of the service user in driving evidence generation, tackling inequality and service design.ResultsThe COVID‐19 pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated inequality in healthcare. Existing legislation and literature on patient involvement and inequality is largely limited in scope. However, co‐production of evidence with service users and carers, as well as incorporating advocacy and involving these groups in service design, all have significant potential to achieve meaningful integration of their views and preferences in healthcare.ConclusionThere is significant scope to move beyond ‘lip service’ in patient involvement within healthcare. The COVID‐19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of, as well as the potential for, substantive participation of patients and the public in healthcare design and delivery.
Research on curing kinetics of multiaxial warp‐knitted composites
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Gao Xiaoping , Zhao Ke , Wu Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to test the crosslinking reaction system between epoxy resin and curing agent, and the curing kinetic model of the resin system was established by means of phenomenal model. The optimal curing process was obtained based on DSC curve. The quadriaxial warp‐knitted composite specimens were prepared by vacuum‐assisted resin infusion (VARI). The effects of curing process on mechanism properties and failure mechanism of the composite specimens were studied experimentally. Results show that the cross‐linking reaction between epoxy resin and curing agent agrees with the autocatalytic reaction model and the curing kinetics model could be used to characterize the curing process of the matrix. The optimum curing process could be used to improve the interface properties between the matrix and the fiber, and the crack progress will be inhibited as the specimen bearing the external force, and the mechanical properties of the specimen is also improved significantly. Result could provide a theoretical basis for the study of curing kinetics of epoxy resin, the exploration of curing process of composite materials and improve the strength of composits.
Have the results of the TOTAL‐trials changed the attitude and practice of maternal‐fetal medicine specialists?
Authors: Vergote Simen , Russo Francesca Maria , Basurto David , Deprest Jan , Crombag Neeltje 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the views and practices of maternal‐fetal medicine specialists on offering fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) for left‐ and right‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (LCDH, RCDH) in the post Tracheal Occlusion To Accelerate Lung growth (TOTAL)‐trial era.MethodCross‐sectional knowledge, attitude and practice survey was conducted among 105 attendees of the 19th World Congress of Fetal Medicine.ResultsOn average, respondents were knowledgeable about CDH, involved in research, and provided antenatal treatment options. Four out of five (82%) agreed that neonatal survival in LCDH can be reliably predicted in the prenatal period. Few respondents considered the exact risks and benefits of FETO for severe LCDH as being unclear (16%), yet half were uncertain about this for moderate LCDH (57%) and severe RCDH (45%). Most respondents offer FETO for severe LCDH (97%) and RCDH (79%), but only 59% offer it for moderate LCDH. However, half of respondents (58%) stated that not offering FETO for moderate LCDH would be a psychological burden for parents.ConclusionRespondents consider the risk‐benefit ratio of FETO for severe LCDH clear and consistently offer FETO, but not for moderate LDCH and severe RCDH. However, not offering the option of FETO to parents was considered a psychological burden.
Parkinson's disease‐linked V15A mutation facilitates α‐synuclein aggregation by reducing membrane affinity
Authors: Buratti Fiamma A. , Fernández Claudio Oscar , Zweckstetter Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease can manifest either as a sporadic form, which is common, or as an inherited autosomal dominant trait resulting from missense mutations. Recently, the novel α‐synuclein variant V15A was identified in two Caucasian and two Japanese families with Parkinson's disease. Using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, membrane binding assays and aggregation assays we show that the V15A mutation does not strongly perturb the conformational ensemble of monomeric α‐synuclein in solution, but weakens its affinity for membranes. Attenuated membrane binding raises the concentration of the aggregation‐prone disordered α‐synuclein in solution, allowing only the V15A variant but not wild‐type α‐synuclein to form amyloid fibrils in the presence of liposomes. These findings, together with earlier research on other missense mutations of α‐synuclein, suggest that maintaining a balance between membrane‐bound and free aggregation‐competent α‐synuclein is critical in α‐synucleinopathies.
Computation of invariant sets for discrete‐time uncertain systems
Authors: Khalife Elias , Abou Jaoude Dany , Farhood Mazen , Garoche Pierre‐Loic 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article proposes novel methods for the computation of state and output bounding sets for discrete‐time uncertain systems. The systems under consideration are formed from the interconnection of a nominal linear time‐invariant system and an uncertainty operator that is known to lie within a prespecified set. The set of allowable uncertainties is described by a pointwise integral quadratic constraint (IQC), that is, a quadratic constraint that holds for all time‐steps. Examples of pointwise IQCs characterizing common uncertainty sets are provided. The exogenous input to the system is assumed to lie in a given polytope or ellipsoid for all time‐steps. The proposed methods are illustrated via an example.
Effect of Methyl Groups on Formation of Ordered or Layered Graphitic Materials from Aromatic Molecules
Authors: Jana Asmita , Kearney Logan T. , Naskar Amit K. , Grossman Jeffrey C. , Ferralis Nicola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeveloping functionally complex carbon materials from small aromatic molecules requires an understanding of how the chemistry and structure of its constituent molecules evolve and crosslink, to achieve a tailorable set of functional properties. Here, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to isolate the effect of methyl groups on condensation reactions during the oxidative process and evaluate the impact on elastic modulus by considering three monodisperse pyrene‐based systems with increasing methyl group fraction. A parameter to quantify the reaction progression is designed by computing the number of new covalent bonds formed. Utilizing the previously developed MD framework, it is found that increasing methylation leads to an almost doubling of bond formation, a larger fraction of the new bonds oriented in the direction of tensile stress, and a higher basal plane alignment of the precursor molecules along the direction of tensile stress, resulting in enhanced tensile modulus. Additionally, via experiments, it is demonstrated that precursors with a higher fraction of methyl groups result in a higher alignment of molecules. Moreover, increased methylation results in the lower spread of single molecule alignment which may lead to smaller variations in tensile modulus and more consistent properties in carbon materials derived from methyl‐rich precursors.
Spontaneous Dewetting of Au‐Thin Layers on Oxide‐ and Fluorine‐Terminated Single Crystalline Anatase and Efficient Use in Photocatalytic H2 Production
Authors: Zhou Xin , Wu Si‐Ming , Schmuki Patrik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present work, the spontaneous dewetting of thin Au layers on single crystalline anatase nanosheets into narrow‐disperse Au nanoparticles is investigated. Patterns of the Au particles can be formed on the main facets of anatase that provide a high co‐catalytic activity for photocatalytic generation of H2. Dewetting is distinctly influenced by the respective facets (001) and (101), the deposit thickness, and secondary thermal dewetting, but most strongly by the surface termination of the nanosheets. Fluoride termination not only leads to an enhanced Au‐phobic behavior but strongly affects the co‐catalytic activity for photocatalytic generation of H2. While fluoride termination with or without Au decoration is detrimental for hole transfer, the interplay of the Au co‐catalyst and surface fluoride yields highly beneficial effect for electron transfer. This results in a three‐times higher photocatalytic H2 production for the F‐terminated surface. The findings suggest that dewetting of Au on surface fluorinated TiO2 is an effective way to modulate surface dewetting and achieve a strongly enhanced photocatalytic activity.
A Strongly Coupled Ag(S)@NiO/Nickel Foam Electrode Induced by Laser Direct Writing for Hydrogen Evolution at Ultrahigh Current Densities with Long‐Term Durability
Authors: Zhang Jingtong , Li Xiaodong , Zhang Xilin , Cheng Chuanqi , Xiao Liyang , Zhou Miao , Dong Cunku , Liu Hui , Du Xiwen , Yang Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHighly active, durable, and cost‐effective electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at ultrahigh current densities (≥1 A cm−2) are extremely demanded for industrial high‐rate hydrogen production, but challenging. Here, a robust strongly coupled Ag(S)@NiO/nickel foam (NF) electrode is reported. Taking advantage of millisecond laser direct writing in liquid nitrogen technique, lattice‐matched and coherent interfaces are formed between Ag nanoparticles with stacking faults (denoted by Ag(S)) and NiO nanosheets, leading to strong interfacial electronic coupling, not only promoting H2O adsorption and dissociation on Ni2+ but also enhancing H* adsorption on intrinsically inactive but most electrically conductive Ag. Strong chemical bonding is established at NiO/NF interface, guaranteeing rapid electron transfer and excellent mechanical durability under high‐rate hydrogen evolution. The physicochemically stable electrode achieves record‐low alkaline HER overpotential of 167 and 180 mV at 1 and 1.5 A cm−2, respectively, along with negligible activity decay after 120 h test at ≈1.5 A cm−2, surpassing reported non‐platinum group metal electrocatalysts.
Application of 5G telesurgery in urology
Authors: Meng Fanshuo , Chu Guangdi , Zhang Zhao , Yuan Hang , Li Chengjun , Niu Haitao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe fifth generation of mobile communication technology (5G technology) features large system capacity, fast data transmission rate, support for large‐scale device connection, low latency, and high reliability. With the development and popularization of 5G technology, it is also widely used in medicine. In recent years, 5G telesurgery has been paid attention to and made continuous progress, and the research related to its combination with urology has also made significant achievements. We collect the combination of 5G technology and urology improves the uneven distribution of medical resources, provides timely, high‐quality remote surgical interventions for urology patients, reduces the financial burden on patients, surgical complications, and the difficulty of accessing medical care from a distance, and brings new opportunities for medical development.
How Did It Come to Be? Circular Economy as Collective Stakeholder Action
Authors: Albareda Laura , Kimpimäki Jaan-Pauli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we provide a preliminary understanding of collective stakeholder action (CSA), drawing on the literature on stakeholder engagement and the theory of collective action. We conceptualise CSA as a process in which connecting and influential stakeholders engage with businesses, advancing the development of and experimentation with novel business practices towards a circular economy. Empirically, we study organisational narratives as a temporal discursive construction about the concept of a circular economy and how the focal stakeholders have contributed to its development. As the primary finding of our study, we identify four key sub-processes driving the process of CSA at large: (i) pragmatic translation, (ii) collective definition, (iii) amplification and legitimisation and (iv) building institutional infrastructure. Connecting stakeholders bridge actor groups and build coalitions around focal issues, while influential stakeholders help these coalitions obtain legitimacy and institutional support through performative refinements of core issues and understandings. Our conceptualisation of CSA contributes to the perspective of stakeholder engagement as part of collective action processes. In such processes, joint efforts are undertaken based on the initiative of focal stakeholders bringing together groups of firms, as opposed to focal firms bringing together groups of stakeholders. Our findings show that connecting stakeholders are in key positions to initiate CSA processes, while influential stakeholders are necessary to ensure successful completion.