bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un territoire inviolé : invasion, souveraineté et diplomatie publique dans le projet orangiste de 1688 en Angleterre
Authors: Herrmann Frédéric 
Published: December 2022

Cet article entend montrer que si Guillaume d’Orange cherche à réussir son invasion de l’Angleterre, c’est tout autant par une diplomatie publique institutionnalisée à une échelle internationale que par la constitution d’une flotte et d’une armée. L’argument principal qu’elle mobilise est de nier qu’il y eut en 1688 une violation du territoire et de la souveraineté qui s’exerce sur ce territoire, car il faut rallier à la cause orangiste, au-dedans comme au-dehors, toutes les forces vives contre Louis XIV. L’élargissement du processus diplomatique à la sphère publique entraîne néanmoins la formulation d’une souveraineté coordonnée entre Couronne et nation politique, tandis que l’instrumentalisation des conflictualités qui survivent à la révolution se heurte à la possibilité d’une agentivité – à défaut d’être une souveraineté – plébéienne.
The effectiveness of short-term dynamic/interpersonal group therapy on perfectionism; assessment of anxiety, depression and interpersonal problems
Authors: Babaei Shirzad , Dehghani Mahmood , Lavasani Fahimeh Fathali , Ashouri Ahmad , Mohamadi Leila 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Perfectionism is acknowledged as a core vulnerability and a perpetuating factor in several psychopathologies. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of short-term dynamic/interpersonal group therapy on perfectionism and perfectionism-related distress such as anxiety, depression, and interpersonal problems.
Method: This study is a quasi-experimental study applying clinical trial method and contains pre-test, post-test, follow-up periods and control group. The study population included students and the sample consisted of 30 people with extreme perfectionism, who were assigned in two groups of 15 people, experimental and waiting list groups using randomized block design. Research instruments included TMPS, PSPS, PCI, BDI-II, BAI and IIP-32 scales. In order to analyze the collected data, mixed analysis of variance and Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance were used in SPSS software version 22.
Findings: The results show that the intervention in the experimental group compared to the waiting list group caused a clinically and statistically significant decrease in the mean scores. This result is observable and evident in all levels of perfectionism and psychological distress (anxiety, depression and interpersonal problems), except for the subscale of non-display of imperfection from the PSPS scale. These results were preserved through the follow-up periods.
Discussion: These results show that short-term dynamic/interpersonal group therapy is effective in treating most of the components of perfectionism, and concerning its effectiveness; it reduced psychological distress and showed that the components pertaining to perfectionism are factors of vulnerability in this regard.
Comparison of Haemoglobin Estimation of Blood Donors by Specific Gravity Method, HemoCue Method and Automated Haematology Cell Analyzer
Authors: Choudhari Nikhil , Das Subhashish , Kumar Ravi 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Pre-donation haemoglobin (Hb) screening is among the foremost test done on blood donors to determine whether an individual is fit to donate with the intention of preventing inadvertent donation from an anaemic donor. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of the three common Hb estimation methods, namely, copper sulphate (CuSO4) method, HemoCue photometer and automated cell counter in reporting the Hb levels of blood donors.

Materials and Methods:
CuSo4 specific gravity method, HemoCue and automated cell analyzer (Sysmex XN-550) were used to determine the Hb levels in blood samples of 500 donors. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the demographic details of the donor. Kappa statistics were used to determine the level of agreement between the three methods of Hb estimation.

Results:
HemoCue was found to be more sensitive (86.21%), whereas CuSo4 (97.88%) was found to be more specific. Kappa agreement was good between CuSo4 and Sysmex XN-550 (0.703), whereas it was moderate between HemoCue and Sysmex XN-550 (0.458).

Conclusions:
The CuSO4 method is still viable for Hb estimation among blood donors. Thus, it can be utilised as the primary screening method; however, follow-up testing with HemoCue or automated cell analyzer can be done to minimise unnecessary deferrals and false acceptance.
Evaluation of Periodontal Status Amongst the Diabetic Patients Visiting Private Dental Clinic in Ahmedabad Using CPITN
Authors: Patel Eshita Dasharathbhai , Parikh Hiral Akshat , Shah Riddhi , Mandaliya Devarsh , Vishwkarama Sagar , Nayak Saurabh 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
To determine the periodontal status and treatment needs using CPITN in a group of adult diabetic patients attending OPD in a private dental clinic in Ahmedabad.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and two diabetic patients were screened by a single examiner according to the WHO criteria using a mouth mirror and CPITN probe. The patients were selected from the routine OPD after obtaining verbal consent for the same, and about 76 patients were included in the study, which was carried out for 9 months.

Results:
Results showed that the highest number of patients had code 3. The majority of sextants had code 2 and 3. Amongst all, 42 patients had a TN score of 2 and 33 had TN score of 3. 56–65 age groups had the worst periodontal status among all groups and required the highest periodontal treatment.

Conclusion:
The periodontal health of our diabetic patients reinforces the need to establish a comprehensive oral health promotion programme for diabetic patients with a multidisciplinary approach.
A Head-to-Head Randomised Controlled Trial of Aripiprazole Versus Quetiapine as Augmenting Agents in Treatment-Resistant Depression
Authors: Kulkarni Alok V 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Almost 30%–50% of the patients with major depressive disorder can be categorised as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The use of augmenting agents such as aripiprazole (ARI) and quetiapine (QP) to the existing antidepressant (AD) therapy could be a suitable alternative for treating TRD. The superiority of anyone over others is not established in short-term studies. Hence, the present study was performed to compare the safety and efficacy of ARI and QP for the treatment of TRD.

Materials and Methods:
In the present study, a total of 50 patients with TRD who showed insufficient response to at least two ADs for 12 weeks were enrolled. The participants were assigned randomly in a double-blind trial to receive ARI (10 mg/day; n = 25) or QP (300 mg/day; n = 25) in addition to their standard AD therapy for 12 weeks. Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale were used to measure treatment efficacy. The safety was evaluated by recording treatment-caused adverse effects (AEF).

Results:
A significant decrease in MADRS score was observed with ARI groups than in the QP group ([FIGURE DASH]7.5; [FIGURE DASH]4.6, P < 0.001). The CGI scores in the ARI group also exhibit significant improvement compared with the QP group. There was a non-significant change in CGI score recorded in both groups. The AEF was observed in 11% of patients with more incidences in the QP groups. The incidences of AEFs resulting in discontinuation of therapy were found low in both groups (ARI: 1.6%; QP: 3.2%).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study conclude that TRD patients can be more benefitted by ARI augmentation therapy than QP.
DRD2 Gene-141C Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism Among Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Maritska Ziske , Fitri Fitri , Prananjaya Bintang Arroyantri , Mulya Liansari Raden Ayu , Parisa Nita , Saleh Hasani Mgs Irsan 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Schizophrenia remains one of the most common mental health disorders, affecting people worldwide. Its causes comprise environmental risk factors to genetic risk factors. One of the candidate genes for schizophrenia is the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene. There are several single-nucleotide polymorphisms found in the gene, with-141 C insertion/deletion polymorphism as one of the most commonly investigated polymorphisms. This study is the first to investigate the DRD2 gene-141 C insertion/deletion polymorphism among schizophrenia patients in Palembang, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty schizophrenia patients from the only national reference mental hospital in the South Sumatra area, Ernaldi Bahar Mental Hospital, participated in this cross-sectional study. DRD2 gene-141C insertion/deletion polymorphism (DD, DI and II) was detected using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Results:
The-141 C insertion or DD genotype was less frequent (n = 4; 5%) compared to the II genotype (n = 25; 31.25%) and-141 C deletion or DI (n = 51; 63.75%) as the most frequent genotype found.

Conclusion:
This study is one of the few studies in the Indonesian population investigating the DRD2 gene-141 C insertion/deletion polymorphism. With a small sample size in consideration, our findings suggest that this polymorphism is prevalent in the Indonesian population.
A Comparative Study to Analyze the Effect of Gabapentin with Amitriptyline Versus Pregabalin with Amitriptyline in Neuropathic Pain in Cancer Patients Undergoing Palliative Care
Authors: Lamba Nipun , Pareek Anukriti , Dhal Shikha , Goyal Sumit , Makkar Ruchika , Sarna Sudha 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Antiepileptics and antidepressant medications are known for managing neuropathic pain. We aim to compare the effects of pregabalin with low-dose amitriptyline and gabapentin with low-dose amitriptyline in managing neuropathic pain in cancer patients undergoing palliative care.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted our study on 160 cancer patients who were having neuropathic pain and were undergoing palliative care treatment in our institute. It was a hospital-based, randomized, tertiary cancer center-based observational study. After taking approval from the institutional ethics committee and taking written informed consent from patients, the patients were divided into two groups and the effect of medicines on incidence of neuropathic pain was observed; the incidence of burning sensation and the incidence of adverse effects of medications were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using paired t-test and SPSS version 20 software.

Results:
The onset of relief in pain was earlier in the pregabalin group as compared to the gabapentin group. There was more reduction in a burning sensation in the pregabalin group as compared to the gabapentin group. The incidence of headaches was the same in both groups. Nausea and vomiting were more in the pregabalin group but the overall difference in adverse effects was not statistically significant (P > 0.05)

Conclusions:
In the management of neuropathic pain in cancer patients who are undergoing palliative care, a combination of pregabalin with amitriptyline was found to be more effective in pain relief than gabapentin with amitriptyline.
Histomorphological Analysis of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Spectrum with Clinicopathological Correlation at a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Soumya B. M. , Rajalakshmi D. , Kulkarni Sriharsha , Devi Rajkumari Jayshree , Kulkarni Vardendra G 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Clinically, all trophoblastic lesions are frequently combined under a broad spectrum of gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) without the use of specific pathological terms. However, studies now demonstrate that various forms of GTDs demonstrate differences in etiology, histogenesis, morphology, and clinical behavior. Thus, the need for diagnostic histopathology of these lesions to distinguish gestational trophoblastic neoplasms from nonneoplastic lesions and molar pregnancies and also for early anticipation for early anticipation, risk category stratification, prognostication, management, and prediction of persistent GTD. Our study aimed to study the histomorphological patterns of various types of GTD with light microscopy and the pattern of occurrence of GTDs in relation to age, parity, and gestation.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted in the department of pathology, from January 2020 to April 2022. All GTDs confirmed by histopathological examination by hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides were included.

Results:
The spectrum of GTDs found in this study was seventy cases of hydatidiform mole (92.10%), three cases of exaggerated placental site (EPS) reaction (3.94%), and two cases of choriocarcinoma (2.63%) and one case (1.31%) of placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT). The most common presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding (93.42%).

Conclusion:
Hydatidiform mole forms the most common type of GTD with an incidence of complete moles more than partial moles. Histomorphological examination and analysis are helpful for confirmatory diagnosis. The most common clinical presentation of GTD was vaginal bleeding followed by amenorrhea. Emphasis on detailed descriptive morphological assessment can help in the histological distinction of benign lesions such as EPS reaction and placental site nodule and avert such cases from being erroneously diagnosed as neoplastic. The Ki-67 proliferation index helped in distinguishing the EPS reaction from neoplastic lesions such as PSTT which requires surgical intervention and chemotherapy.
A Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Novel Surfactant-Based Endodontic Irrigant Regimen's on Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Ravinanthanan Manikandan , Hegde Mithra N. , Shetty Veena , Kumari Suchetha , Al Qahtani Fahd Nasser 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Irrigants play an important role in the eradication of microorganisms in the complex root canal system. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), and iodine potassium iodide (IKI) have certain limitations despite their routine clinical use. Surfactant irrigants with antimicrobial properties can be a milestone in endodontics to overcome the drawbacks of conventional irrigants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of surfactants in comparison with routine endodontic irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:
Primary irrigants NaOCl, CHX, IKI were prepared at concentrations of 5%, 2.5%, 2%, and 1%; while mixture of tetracycline acid and detergent (MTAD) (100%) served as control group. Surfactants such as cetrimide (CTR) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were prepared at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. The direct contact assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy after 5 min. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results:
In the primary group, only 5% CHX was significant over MTAD (P < 0.05). In the surfactant group, all concentrations of CTR and SDS (except 0.5%) were significant (P < 0.05) in killing E. faecalis over MTAD. Two percent CHX in combination with 0.5% CTR and 1% SDS had an effective kill percentage over 2% CHX and MTAD alone.

Conclusion:
Surfactant irrigant regimens can be used as adjuncts with CHX to overcome its clinical limitations and potentiate its substantivity, thereby enhancing clinical success in endodontics.
Osteocalcin and Runx2 Expression in Anterior Maxillary Reconstructions Using Bone Xenografts Associated to Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate
Authors: Hergemöller Daniel Fernando , Pelegrine André Antonio , Pasquali Paulo José , Scavone de Macedo Luis Guilherme , Teixeira Marcelo Lucchesi , Moy Peter Karyen , Aloise Antonio Carlos 
Published: December 2022

Background:
It is known that a large number of mediators involved in osteogenesis can influence bone development and repair; however, whether these mediators could be used as markers of bone maturity has yet to be determined.

Aim:
To evaluate the expression of osteocalcin (OC) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in bone biopsies obtained during the reconstruction of atrophic anterior maxillae using particulate bone xenografts with or without association of autogenous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC).

Materials and Methods:
Ten patients were distributed into two groups (n = 5), according to the type of grafting material used: Control group (CG), particulate bone xenograft alone, and test group (TG), particulate bone xenograft combined with BMAC. A bone specimen was removed from the graft area 4 months after grafting, before implant placement. The specimens were processed and submitted to immunohistochemical analysis for detection of OC and Runx2. Histomorphometry was used to ascertain the percentage of stained areas in both groups. The Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney U-Test was used in the statistical analysis (P < 0.05).

Results:
The immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significantly higher OC expression in the TG than in the CG, namely 27.40 ± 1.34% and 11.40 ± 2.70%, respectively (P < 0.05), and a significantly higher Runx2 expression in the TG than in the CG, namely 2.80 ± 0.84% and 0.40 ± 0.55%, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The OC and Runx2 expression levels were higher when BMAC was associated with the bone xenograft than when it was not.
Rotary versus Manual Instrumentation for Root Canal Preparation in Primary Teeth
Authors: Faghihian Reyhaneh , Amini Kiana , Tahririan Dana 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the scientific evidence on the effect of rotary versus manual instrumentation for root canal preparation in primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Search terms were selected based on Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH terms. Electronic database search of English published literature was performed in March 2020 within the following databases: Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase. The risk of bias of selected studies was assessed by means of Cochrane collaboration tool. The heterogeneity level among the included studies was measured by I
2 index. For statistical analysis of instrumentation time, standard mean difference (SMD) of continuous data was analyzed with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using the fixed-effects model. A random-effects model was used for analysis of odds ratio (OR) to assess the probability of optimal fill, underfill, and overfill obturations. Forest plots were applied to show the results and to estimate the effectiveness of rotary instrumentation.

Results:
Seven articles were selected for this review. The SMD in rotary techniques was 1.79 min less than manual techniques (95% CI: −2.56–−1.03 min) and had a significant P = 0.001. The OR of optimum quality was calculated to be 3.53 (95% CI: 1.79–6.97) in the rotary technique at P = 0.254.

Conclusions:
Within the limitations of this review, it can be asserted that rotary files decrease the instrumentation time and increase the rates of optimally filled canals in primary teeth. However, these files do not decrease the risk of underfilling and overfilling compared to manual files.
Association of internet addiction with anxiety, stress and quality of life among undergraduate students
Authors: Periasamy Panneerselvam , Suganthi Vajiravelu , Gunasekaran Sasikala , Narenkumar Jayaraman , Ramachandran Vasudevan , Kannabiran Ajitha 
Published: December 2022

Background:
This study examined undergraduate MBBS and nursing students' quality of life with internet addiction and the association of anxiety and stress.

Aim:
We aimed to partially replicate the participant's online activities, changes in behaviour by internet addiction, quality of life when internet access was not possible and frequency of internet use.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was applied in included university involving 400 MBBS and nursing students. World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) scale for assessment of the personal quality of life. Scores of internet addiction test, Beck Anxiety Inventory and WHOQOL-BREF were compared by using the Mann–Whitney test or Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results:
The main findings revealed various risk factors associated with internet addictions, such as psychological distress, anxiety, mood disorders, suicidality, aggression, stress and sleep problems. Most of the intervention studies used an invariant behavioural therapy approach, although other interventions appeared effective in reducing addiction symptoms.

Conclusion:
Based on the students' addiction finding of an association between quality of life with internet addiction and anxiety and stress problems across combination with high prevalence rates amongst adolescents and university students, the individuals will use these tools. The implication of these findings is further discussed, and research is needed to develop and implement prevention strategies and treatment offers.
Comparative Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite Fluoride and Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Fluoride as Remineralizing Agents in Primary Teeth Using pH Cycling and Single-Sectioning Technique
Authors: Nair Malvika Chandrashekharan , Patil Raju Umaji , Bahutule Samhita Ramchandra 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Hydroxyapatite and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate are known to remineralize subsurface carious lesions.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical application of hydroxyapatite fluoride (HF) and caseinphosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste (CPP-ACPF) in bringing about remineralization changes in artificially induced carious lesions of primary teeth using pH cycling and single-sectioning technique.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy extracted deciduous teeth were divided into two groups: Group A: HF (Remin Pro) n = 35 and Group B: CPP-ACPF (Tooth Mousse Plus®) n = 35. The samples were immersed in demineralizing solution for 96 h followed by pH cycling for 10 days which included cycles of demineralization and remineralization of their respective groups.

Results:
Intergroup comparison of the change in the mean value after demineralization and remineralization showed statistically highly significant difference as the change in Group A HF was 213.52 ± 113.17 (standard deviation [SD]) as compared to that in Group B (CPP-ACPF) 76 ± 57.22 (SD).

Conclusion:
HF was found to be better when compared to CPP-ACPF for tooth remineralization.
Reasons for Patients Opting Out from Root Canal Treatment and Preferring Extraction in a Prospective Study
Authors: Singh Abhinav Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Unfortunately, endodontic care has a bad reputation. To effectively address the problem, it is vital to identify the elements that cause patients' discomfort and so prevent them from participating in RCT.

Aim and Objectives:
The goal of this study is to assess the factors that lead people from southern India to forego root canal treatment (RCT) in favor of tooth extraction.

Methodology:
500 patients who sought therapy for irreversible pulpitis at the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics and ultimately opted for extraction were analyzed. Patients were contacted, and their completed surveys were gathered. To conduct statistical analysis, the recorded explanations were put into SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Frequency distribution tests were performed on the data.

Results:
Twenty percentage of patients in the study reported that they did not want to undergo RCT because they believed it would be ineffective, while 15% cited the high cost of RCT and a crown as a deterrent. Twenty-five percentage of respondents said they needed pain relief immediately but were unconcerned about tooth loss.

Conclusion:
Patient misconceptions about the efficacy of RCTs were a major factor in their decision to forego participation in these studies in favor of extraction.