bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nematicidal potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria against Meloidogyne incognita infesting tomato under protected cultivation
Authors: Gowda A. P. Abhishek , Pankaj  , Singh Dinesh , Singh Awani Kumar , Sowmya R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In the protected cultivation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crop, the severity of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, incidence is alarming nowadays. To combat this, growers usually prefer using synthetic chemical pesticides, which in turn results in harming non-target beneficial microbes present in the soil micro-flora and indirectly toxic to human health. Therefore, attempts were made to find out the nematicidal potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) against M. incognita, which could be used as an alternative solution to manage M. incognita incidence under protected cultivation.

Results
Nematicidal potential of three PGPR isolates and their consortium against M. incognita under laboratory, pots, and field experiments was studied. Juvenile mortality of 91.67% was recorded at 100% consortium, followed by 73.33–81.33% by individual isolates. Similarly, hatching inhibition of 84.26% was recorded at 100% PGPR consortium followed by 78.48–83.21% in individual isolates after 96 h. of incubation. In the pots’ study, soil drenched with PGPR isolates consortium, followed by Bacillus subtilis DTBS 5, Pantoea agglomerans, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSBA 11 recorded significant reductions in the nematode incidence. Whereas in the field study, PGPR isolates applied as soil drenching also significantly reduced nematode’s incidence in consortium, followed by B. subtilis DTBS 5 and B. amyloliquefaciens DSBA 11-treated soil in both field experiments. On an average, the plant growth promotion and fruit yield were enhanced than untreated control and PGPR isolates applied as soil drenching gave a significant result than bare root dip treatment.

Conclusions
PGPR isolates, B. amyloliquefaciens DSBA 11, B. subtilis DTBS 5, and P. agglomerans, were found to be effective against M. incognita. This finding can be incorporated into the nematode management strategy in tomato crop grown under protected cultivation. Further to enhance the biocontrol efficacy of these PGPR isolates, suitable formulations of either individual or consortium need to be done.
Relevance of bright spotty lesions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD): a case series
Authors: Joseph Joe , Feizi Parissa , Pasham Shreya R. , Sharma Kanika , Srivastava Samiksha , Elkhooly Mahmoud , Nirwan Lalit , Jaiswal Shruti , Sriwastava Shitiz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), is an autoimmune CNS condition which often has a complex clinical course. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is an important and sensitive MRI finding but is not very specific to NMOSD and is seen in other causes of myelitis.

Case presentations
We report 11 NMO cases, all seen in women from 25 to 75 years at the time of diagnosis, with most above 65 years of age. All patients were seropositive for AQP4–IgG antibodies, and none had anti-MOG antibodies. Clinical presentations were diverse, the most common being paralytic and visual changes. In this study, 5 of the 11 seropositive NMO patients (45%) had bright spotty lesion (BSLs) on their MRI spine, as opposed to none (0%) in the control group. BSLs were defined as hyperintense foci of signal abnormality on T2-weighted images compared to the surrounding CSF. Treatment included symptomatic management and immunotherapy; timely management led to improvement in all the cases, with partial recovery seen in most (91%) and complete recovery seen only in one.

Conclusions
BSLs are a newly defined spinal MRI finding with high specificity, but low sensitivity for NMOSD. The absence of BSLs in the control group establishes its prolific role in distinguishing NMO from MS, ITM, MOGAD and other forms of myelitis. The main aim of this retrospective case–control study was to determine the diagnostic importance and specificity of bright spotty lesions (BSLs) in NMOSD and its ability to discriminate NMOSD from other causes of LETM.
Use of the triple coaxial (triaxial) microcatheter system in superselective arterial embolisation for complex interventional cases: an initial experience with the system
Authors: Tashi Sonam , Tan Zehao , Gogna Apoorva 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Learning objective
To share our experience in utilising the triple coaxial (triaxial) system in superselective cannulation of arteries for complex embolisation procedures.

Background
Percutaneous transcatheter selective embolisation is widely performed for a myriad of oncologic (e.g., trans-arterial chemo- or radio-embolisation) and non-oncologic (e.g., for embolisation of bleeding and benign conditions such as uterine fibroid and benign prostate hyperplasia) purposes.
The cornerstone of such embolisation procedures is to achieve superselective cannulation of the arterial supply to the tumour/organ, preventing the complication of non-target embolisation. However, a multitude of factors, such as complex vascular anatomy, can pose challenges to achieving this goal.

Clinical findings/procedural details
The triaxial system utilises two smaller microcatheters telescoped through each other over a microwire. We have adopted the triaxial system for specific cases due to its perceived superior torquability and trackability compared to the conventional coaxial system, in which superselective cannulation is anticipated to be challenging. The triaxial system is also favourable in situations where the inner microcatheter needs to be “sacrificed” after administering the embolics (e.g., after administering radioisotopes in radioembolisation, N-butyl cyanoacrylate [NBCA] glue or ethylene–vinyl alcohol copolymer [EvOH] Onyx). Through a case series with procedural details such as fluoroscopic time, contrast administered, etc., we hope to illustrate the utility and efficacy of the triaxial system as well as present pitfalls in its usage.

Conclusion
The triaxial system appears to be a valuable system for certain complex embolisation procedures and could be better suited than the conventional coaxial systems in these specific circumstances.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous insertion of small vascular surgical clips versus dedicated breast mammoclips as markers for breast cancer prior to neo-adjuvant therapy: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: El-bakoury Eman , Abd El Maksoud Walid Mohamed , Sultan Mohamed Hussein , Elwany Yasmine Nagy , Bawahab Mohammed A. , Ahmed Yasser S. , Mehanna Ayman Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aim
To investigate the feasibility of applying small vascular surgical clips as tissue markers for breast cancer in patients scheduled for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in comparison with the dedicated breast clips with assessment of their different complications.

Patients and methods
This prospective randomized controlled trial included 160 female patients with breast cancer whose neoadjuvant chemotherapy was required for their management. Patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups; group I for patients who were subjected to the insertion of the small vascular surgical clips, and Group II for patients who were subjected to the insertion of the dedicated breast clips (UltraClips®). Assessment of the feasibility of the application of the vascular surgical clips and detection of the complications of the vascular surgical clips compared to the UltraClip® commercial clips were the endpoints of this study.

Results
Vascular surgical clips application had significantly longer duration than the duration of application of the UltraClips® (9.10 ± 2.67 min, and 5.44 ± 1.09 min respectively, P < 0.001). The application of vascular surgical clips was feasible in all patients. There were more incidences of non-deployment (6 patients) and mal-deployment (4 patients) in group I, compared to one patient and 2 patients in group II, respectively. All patients of non-deployment and mal-deployment in both groups had reapplication of other clips successfully. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding incidence of complications.

Conclusions
The spinal needle/surgical vascular clip technique seems to be a cheap and effective alternative to the dedicated commercial mammoclips when required, with convenient results and minimal complications.
Aortic valve calcium score in prediction of post-TAVI complications in an Egyptian cohort
Authors: Salem Mohammed Ali , Ismail Ahmed Shehata , Donkol Ragab Hani , Reyad Mohamed Adam , Ramadan Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is a common disorder in the elderly and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. Traditionally, surgical aortic valve replacement has been considered the most effective treatment for advanced disease. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been established as a valuable alternative treatment option for inoperable and high-risk patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Pre-procedure ECG-gated CT aortography study is important in planning the procedure. The aim of the study was to correlate the aortic valve calcium score with the post-TAVI complications.

Results
Thirty patients who were candidates for TAVI procedure were enrolled for ECG-gated CT aortic valve calcium score and CT aortography. The calcium score was calculated. The patients were followed up both clinically and by echocardiography every 3 months for 1 year. Those who developed complications were enrolled for another CT study. Fourteen out of 30 patients (46.7%) presented with post-TAVI complications [9 cases (30%) presented with paravalvular leak (PVL) and 5 cases (16.7%) presented with major adverse cardiac events (MACE), while 16 cases (53.3%) had no complications]. There was a strong correlation between the calcium score and post-procedure complications.

Conclusions
The degree of aortic valve calcification can be considered as a predictor of post-TAVI complications: PVL and MACE.
Improved Accuracy and Lowered Learning Curve of Ventricular Targeting Using Augmented Reality—Phantom and Cadaveric Model Testing
Authors: Bounajem Michael T. , Cameron Brandon , Sorensen Kiel , Parr Ryan , Gibby Wendell , Prashant Giyarpuram , Evans James J. , Karsy Michael 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:Augmented reality (AR) has demonstrated significant potential in neurosurgical cranial, spine, and teaching applications. External ventricular drain (EVD) placement remains a common procedure, but with error rates in targeting between 10% and 40%.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate Novarad VisAR guidance system for the placement of EVDs in phantom and cadaveric models.METHODS:Two synthetic ventricular phantom models and a third cadaver model underwent computerized tomography imaging and registration with the VisAR system (Novarad). Root mean square (RMS), angular error (γ), and Euclidian distance were measured by multiple methods for various standard EVD placements.RESULTS:Computerized tomography measurements on a phantom model (0.5-mm targets showed a mean Euclidean distance error of 1.20 ± 0.98 mm and γ of 1.25° ± 1.02°. Eight participants placed EVDs in lateral and occipital burr holes using VisAR in a second phantom anatomic ventricular model (mean RMS: 3.9 ± 1.8 mm, γ: 3.95° ± 1.78°). There were no statistically significant differences in accuracy for postgraduate year level, prior AR experience, prior EVD experience, or experience with video games (P> .05). In comparing EVDs placed with anatomic landmarks vs VisAR navigation in a cadaver, VisAR demonstrated significantly better RMS and γ, 7.47 ± 0.94 mm and 7.12° ± 0.97°, respectively (P≤ .05).CONCLUSION:The novel VisAR AR system resulted in accurate placement of EVDs with a rapid learning curve, which may improve clinical treatment and patient safety. Future applications of VisAR can be expanded to other cranial procedures.
Changes in Immune Function during Initial Military Training
Authors: HATCH-MCCHESNEY ADRIENNE , RADCLIFFE PATRICK N. , PITTS KENNETH P. , KARIS ANTHONY J. , O’BRIEN RORY P. , KRIEGER STEPHANIE , NELMAN-GONZALEZ MAYRA , DIAK DOUGLASS M. , MEHTA SATISH K. , CRUCIAN BRIAN , MCCLUNG JAMES P. , SMITH TRACEY J. , MARGOLIS LEE M. , KARL J. PHILIP 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Initial military training (IMT) is a transitionary period wherein immune function may be suppressed and infection risk heightened due to physical and psychological stress, communal living, and sleep deprivation. This study characterized changes in biomarkers of innate and adaptive immune function, and potential modulators of those changes, in military recruits during IMT.

Methods
Peripheral leukocyte distribution and mitogen-stimulated cytokine profiles were measured in fasted blood samples, Epstein–Barr (EBV), varicella zoster (VZV), and herpes simplex 1 (HSV1) DNA was measured in saliva by quantitative polymerase chain reaction as an indicator of latent herpesvirus reactivation, and diet quality was determined using the healthy eating index measured by food frequency questionnaire in 61 US Army recruits (97% male) at the beginning (PRE) and end (POST) of 22-wk IMT.

Results
Lymphocytes and terminally differentiated cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ and CD8+ T cells increased PRE to POST, whereas granulocytes, monocytes, effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and central memory CD8+ T cells decreased (P ≤ 0.02). Cytokine responses to anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation were higher POST compared with PRE, whereas cytokine responses to lipopolysaccharide stimulation were generally blunted (P < 0.05). Prevalence of EBV reactivation was higher at POST (P = 0.04), but neither VZV nor HSV1 reactivation was observed. Diet quality improvements were correlated with CD8+ cell maturation and blunted proinflammatory cytokine responses to anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation.

Conclusions
Lymphocytosis, maturation of T-cell subsets, and increased T-cell reactivity were evident POST compared with PRE IMT. Although EBV reactivation was more prevalent at POST, no evidence of VZV or HSV1 reactivation, which are more common during severe stress, was observed. Findings suggest increases in the incidence of EBV reactivation were likely appropriately controlled by recruits and immune-competence was not compromised at the end of IMT.
Metabolic Adaptations and Substrate Oxidation are Unaffected by Exogenous Testosterone Administration during Energy Deficit in Men
Authors: MARGOLIS LEE M. , MARLATT KARA L. , BERRYMAN CLAIRE E. , HOWARD EMILY E. , MURPHY NANCY E. , CARRIGAN CHRISTOPHER T. , HARRIS MELISSA N. , BEYL ROBBIE A. , RAVUSSIN ERIC , PASIAKOS STEFAN M. , ROOD JENNIFER C. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
The effects of testosterone on energy and substrate metabolism during energy deficit are unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of weekly testosterone enanthate (TEST; 200 mg·wk−1) injections on energy expenditure, energy substrate oxidation, and related gene expression during 28 d of energy deficit compared with placebo (PLA).

Methods
After a 14-d energy balance phase, healthy men were randomly assigned to TEST (n = 24) or PLA (n = 26) for a 28-d controlled diet- and exercise-induced energy deficit (55% below total energy needs by reducing energy intake and increasing physical activity). Whole-room indirect calorimetry and 24-h urine collections were used to measure energy expenditure and energy substrate oxidation during balance and deficit. Transcriptional regulation of energy and substrate metabolism was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction from rested/fasted muscle biopsy samples collected during balance and deficit.

Results
Per protocol design, 24-h energy expenditure increased (P < 0.05) and energy intake decreased (P < 0.05) in TEST and PLA during deficit compared with balance. Carbohydrate oxidation decreased (P < 0.05), whereas protein and fat oxidation increased (P < 0.05) in TEST and PLA during deficit compared with balance. Change (∆; deficit minus balance) in 24-h energy expenditure was associated with ∆activity factor (r = 0.595), but not ∆fat-free mass (r = 0.147). Energy sensing (PRKAB1 and TP53), mitochondria (TFAM and COXIV), fatty acid metabolism (CD36/FAT, FABP, CPT1b, and ACOX1) and storage (FASN), and amino acid metabolism (BCAT2 and BCKHDA) genes were increased (P < 0.05) during deficit compared with balance, independent of treatment.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that increased physical activity and not exogenous testosterone administration is the primary determinate of whole-body and skeletal muscle metabolic adaptations during diet- and exercise-induced energy deficit.
PHILOSOPHY OF LAW AS A PRACTICAL EXPRESSION OF SOCIAL IDEALS
Authors: Erokhin Alexey K. 
Published: December 2022

Background. Philosophy of law is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of law, especially in its relation to human values, relationships, and practice. The points of views to the nature of law often depend on the philosophical position taken by a particular philosopher or group of philosophers. As a result, legal philosophy becomes the object of heated discussions, the main feature of which is reduced to the question of what is due and being, i.e. can and should positivist law replace the traditional values developed by mankind as regulators of behavior and relationships.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the relationship between the philosophy of law as a “special” or “private” discipline and “general” philosophy. The subject of the study is the philosophical ideas of a rational approach to law as a practice.
Methods. The research method is the analysis of scientific literature and philosophical reflection.
Conclusions. In the philosophy of law the decisive factor is not so much its attitude to general philosophy, but the relationship between the philosophy of law and the law itself.
Results. The effectiveness of the work done lies in the fact that the findings allow us to consider the philosophy of law as a practical philosophy. The results obtained can be used in further practical and theoretical studies of philosophy and theory of law.
PROBLEM OF ACHIEVING A FULL-FLEDGED REALIA TRANSLATION
Authors: Artemyeva Julia V. , Yavari Julia V. 
Published: December 2022

Background. The researchers’ task is to determine in due time the main trends leading to changes in languages, their structures in order to be able to influence negative phenomena, turning them into positive dynamics.
Purpose. The purpose of the study reflected in this article is to establish the main methods and techniques for translating realia in a fiction text as well as to highlight the features of the transfer of Sovietisms from Russian into English and German and identify the difference in the transfer of the same lexeme from one language to another in a verbal and verbal-non-verbal environment.
Materials and methods. Analyzing and comparing the translations from Russian into English and into German of the novel Heart of a Dog by M.A. Bulgakov and the film directed by V.V. Bortko of the same name Heart of a Dog , we can assert that translators, using many of the means and methods of conveying the realia in translation, sometimes agreeing in opinions, sometimes choosing different ways, giving preference to the means most appropriate to the specific perception of the works, most often choose such ways of conveying Sovietism as calcification, transcription, in most cases in the form of «vocabulary» transcription, which makes it possible to talk about the use of equivalents, functional analogue and replacement.
Results. The data in the article demonstrate the difference of realia translation of the novel and its film adaptation. The results agree well with previous observations and prove the need for further study.
Practical implications. The results reflected in the article can be used in research activity, in teaching and other spheres of education.
Cyberchondria and health anxiety in patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: kazgan kılıçaslan aslı , yıldız sevler , gür canan , uğur kerim 
Published: December 2022

Aim of the studyThe purpose of the study is to investigate the cyberchondria attitudes, health anxiety and their correlation with each other in Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) patients.Subject or material and methods68 patients diagnosed with FMS according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 diagnostic criteria and 68 healthy individuals with similar sociodemographic characteristics and meeting the study criteria were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), and Health Anxiety Inventory-Short Version (HAI) were administered to all participants.ResultsThe sub-dimensions of the CSS total, distress, excessiveness, reassurance, and mistrust of medical professional and the HAI body sub-dimension and total score of the patient group were found to be significantly higher than the scores of the control group (p<0.001). There is a significant positive correlation between HAI total score and FIQ score (p= 0.018) (r=.285). A positive and significant relationship was found between the CSS-total score and the HAI sub-dimensions and total score (p= 0.002, r=.377).DiscussionOur study shows that health anxiety and cyberchondria are high in patients with FMS and that disease severity and health anxiety increase in direct proportion. Due to these results, it may be wise to periodically check the cyberchondria and health anxiety levels of these patients and to include psychiatric view in the treatment of the patients.ConclusionsDoctors can refer patients who have health concerns and who have comorbid psychiatric symptoms for psychoeducation, as well as protect patients from uncontrolled anxiety by referring them only to reliable and accurate online sites.
On-Demand Delivery from Stores: Dynamic Dispatching and Routing with Random Demand
Authors: Liu Sheng , Luo Zhixing 
Published: December 2022

Problem definition: On-demand delivery has become increasingly popular around the world. Motivated by a large grocery chain store who offers fast on-demand delivery services, we model and solve a stochastic dynamic driver dispatching and routing problem for last-mile delivery systems where on-time performance is the main target. The system operator needs to dispatch a set of drivers and specify their delivery routes facing random demand that arrives over a fixed number of periods. The resulting stochastic dynamic program is challenging to solve because of the curse of dimensionality. Methodology/results: We propose a novel structured approximation framework to approximate the value function via a parametrized dispatching and routing policy. We analyze the structural properties of the approximation framework and establish its performance guarantee under large-demand scenarios. We then develop efficient exact algorithms for the approximation problem based on Benders decomposition and column generation, which deliver verifiably optimal solutions within minutes. Managerial implications: The evaluation results on a real-world data set show that our framework outperforms the current policy of the company by 36.53% on average in terms of delivery time. We also perform several policy experiments to understand the value of dynamic dispatching and routing with varying fleet sizes and dispatch frequencies. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72222011 and 72171112], China Association for Science and Technology [Grant 2019QNRC001], and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grant RGPIN-2022-04950]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1171 .