bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population-level median cycle threshold (Ct) values for asymptomatic COVID-19 cases can predict the trajectory of future cases
Authors: Shoaib Naila , Iqbal Asim , Shah Farhad Ali , Zainab Wajeeha , Qasim Maham , Zerqoon Noore , Naseem Muhammad Omer , Munir Rimsha , Zaidi Nousheen 
Published: March 2023

Background
Recent studies indicate that the population-level SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold (Ct) values can inform the trajectory of the pandemic. The presented study investigates the potential of Ct values in predicting the future of COVID-19 cases. We also determined whether the presence of symptoms could change the correlation between Ct values and future cases.

Methods
We examined the individuals (n = 8660) that consulted different sample collection points of a private diagnostic center in Pakistan for COVID-19 testing between June 2020 and December 2021. The medical assistant collected clinical and demographic information. The nasopharyngeal swab specimens were taken from the study participants and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in these samples.

Results
We observed that median Ct values display significant temporal variations, which show an inverse relationship with future cases. The monthly overall median Ct values negatively correlated with the number of cases occurring one month after specimen collection (r = -0.588, p <0.05). When separately analyzed, Ct values for symptomatic cases displayed a weak negative correlation (r = -0.167, p<0.05), while Ct values from asymptomatic cases displayed a stronger negative correlation (r = -0.598, p<0.05) with the number of cases in the subsequent months. Predictive modeling using these Ct values closely forecasted the increase or decrease in the number of cases of the subsequent month.

Conclusions
Decreasing population-level median Ct values for asymptomatic COVID-19 cases appear to be a leading indicator for predicting future COVID-19 cases.
The effect of COVID-19 vaccine tele-educational program on vaccine hesitancy and receiving the vaccine among women planning for pregnancy, pregnant or breast-feeding mothers
Authors: Momani Aaliyah , Hamaideh Shaher H. , Masadeh Arwa B. , Alhalaiqa Fadwa , Bani Mostafa Fadi N. , Weld Ali Haneen Isam , Masa’Deh Rami 
Published: March 2023

Background
COVID-19 hesitancy among women planning to become pregnant, who are pregnant, and who are breast-feeding is still a global phenomenon. Unfortunately, there is a lack of national educational programs that provide those groups of people with the information they need about the vaccine.

Objective
This study investigated the effect of the COVID-19 vaccine tele-educational program on vaccine hesitancy and receiving the vaccine among women planning for pregnancy, pregnant and breast-feeding mothers.

Methods
This study implemented a quasi-experimental pre-post design and was conducted in Jordan. It was a two-time study and had two groups of women; 220 women participated in the control group, and 205 women participated in the intervention group (those received the tele-educational program). All participating women answered the demographic characteristics sheet and the Arabic version of Hesitancy About COVID-19 Vaccination Questionnaire twice.

Results
Results showed that after conducting the program the interventional group reported significantly higher vaccination rate and lower mean score of hesitancy than the control group (M = 24.67, SD = 5.11; M = 27.45, SD = 4.92; respectively) t (423) = -4.116, p-value < 0.001. Moreover, before the program, women in the intervention group reported significantly higher levels of hesitancy compared to those in the same group after the program (M = 28.35, SD = 4.91; M = 24.66, SD = 5.11; respectively) t (204) = 17.83, p-value < 0.001.

Conclusions
The study concluded that awareness of pregnant women after being given the tele-education program about COVID-19 vaccination decreased their hesitancy and improved their willingness to participate in the COVID-19 vaccination. Therefore, health workers should focus on providing scientific-based information about the vaccine to reduce the doubts of pregnant women about participating in the COVID-19.
Functional capacity testing in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) using the one-minute sit-to-stand test (1-min STST)
Authors: Kronberger Christina , Mousavi Roya Anahita , Öztürk Begüm , Willixhofer Robin , Dachs Theresa-Marie , Rettl René , Camuz-Ligios Luciana , Rassoulpour Nima , Krall Christoph , Litschauer Brigitte , Badr Eslam Roza 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe one-minute sit-to-stand-test (1-min STST) is a quick, space saving test to evaluate functional capacity. Exercise testing plays an important role in the long-term follow-up of pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients and is currently evaluated using the six-minute-walk-test (6MWT). The aim of the study was to assess the convergent validity of the 1-min STST in patients with PH and its association with markers of PH severity.MethodsWe evaluated 106 PH patients with the 1-min-STST and 6MWT and measured cardiorespiratory parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation) before and after test conduction. N-terminal pro brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), WHO functional class (WHO-FC) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) were defined as markers of PH severity.ResultsStrong correlation was found between performances of 1-min STST and 6MWT (r = .711,p< .001), indicating convergent validity. Both tests were inversely associated with NT-proBNP (STST: r = -.405,p< .001; 6MWT: r = -.358,p< .001), WHO-FC (STST: r = -.591,p< .001; 6MWT: r = -.643,p< .001) and mPAP (STST: r = -.280,p< .001; 6MWT: r = -.250,p< .001). Significant changes in cardiorespiratory parameters were observed in both tests (allp< 0.001). Further the post-exercise cardiorespiratory parameters correlated strongly between the 1-min STST and 6MWT (all r ≥ .651, allp< .001).ConclusionThe 1-min STST demonstrated good convergent validity with the 6MWT and was associated with markers of PH severity. Furthermore, both exercise tests caused similar cardiorespiratory responses.
APSified OCT-angiography analysis: Macula vessel density in healthy eyes during office hours
Authors: Müller Meike , Schottenhamml Julia , Hosari Sami , Hohberger Bettina , Mardin Christian Y. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) can visualize retinal capillary microcirculation non-invasively. In order to investigate potential factors influencing OCT-A diagnostics, the aim of the present study was to determine circadian changes in macular vessel density (VD) in healthy adults during office hours, considering axial length (AL) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT).

Methods
In the prospective study 30 eyes of 30 healthy subjects (mean age 28.7 ± 11.8, range 19–60 years) were recruited who underwent repeated measurements of AL, subfoveal CT and three-layer macula VD (superficial vascular plexus (SVP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP)) on a single day at three predetermined timepoints (9 AM, 3 PM, and 9 PM). For better intra- and interindividual scan comparability, the new Anatomic Positioning System function (APS, part of Glaucoma Module Premium Edition [GMPE], Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) allowing analysis of identical retinal areas, was used for quantitative OCT-A analysis.

Results
Overall mean macula VD was unchanged during office hours in SVP, ICP and DCP, respectively (p>0.05). In addition, AL and CT showed no statistically significant changes over time (p>0.05). Rather, a large interindividual variance of VD with different peak time was observed. Contrary to the overall data, sectorial VD changed in dependency of office hours in all layers with an increase of VD in SVP between 9 AM and 9 PM (p = 0.003), in ICP between 3 PM and 9 PM (p = 0.000), in DCP between 9 AM and 9 PM (p = 0.048), and 3 PM and 9 PM (p = 0.000), respectively.

Conclusion
Overall mean macula VD, subfoveal CT and AL tended not to show statistically significant changes over time in this cohort, whereas a regional analysis of VD did. Therefore, a circadian influence on capillary microcirculation should be kept in mind. Moreover, the results highlight the importance of a more detailed analysis of VD in different sectors and different vascular layers. In addition, the pattern of diurnal variation could vary inter-individually, thus a patient-specific fluctuation pattern would need to be considered when evaluating these parameters in clinical practice.
Serum IgG4 level during initial treatment as a predictor of relapse in IgG4-related disease
Authors: Choi Su Jin , Ahn Soo Min , Oh Ji Seon , Hong Seokchan , Lee Chang-Keun , Yoo Bin , Kim Yong-Gil 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
We aimed to investigate the predictors of relapse in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD), focusing on the serum IgG4 levels during initial treatment.

Methods
We retrospectively recruited 57 patients with IgG4-RD who were treated with immunosuppressants and elevated serum IgG4 levels in a tertiary hospital between January 2011 and December 2020. They were followed up for ≥ 6 months after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Clinical and laboratory findings including serum IgG4 levels (reference value: 6–121 mg/dL) were compared between relapsed (n = 13) and non-relapsed (n = 44) groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to assess the predictors for relapse. We performed a Kaplan–Meier analysis with a log-rank test to evaluate the cumulative relapse rate for two years.

Results
Median serum IgG4 levels at baseline were 321 mg/dL in the relapsed group and 299 mg/dL in the non-relapsed group. Serum IgG4 levels were normalized after six months in five (38.5%) relapsed and 28 (63.6%) non-relapsed patients. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the normalization of serum IgG4 levels at six months was associated with a lower risk of relapse, with a hazard ratio of 0.232 (p = 0.019). Central nervous system involvement was associated with the relapse, with a hazard ratio of 21.130 (p = 0.015). The cumulative relapse rate for two years was lower in the normal serum IgG4 group at six months than in the elevated serum IgG4 group at six months (p = 0.027).

Conclusion
Our study suggests that normalization of serum IgG4 levels during immunosuppressive treatment for IgG4-RD independently predicts relapse-free outcomes. Thus, monitoring serum IgG4 levels might be used as a marker of prognosis.
Entrepreneurial passion: A bibliometric study
Authors: Cazella Carla Fabiana , Machado Hilka Pelizza Vier 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o estado da arte de publicações sobre paixão empreendedora, bem como a evolução e potencial para pesquisas futuras. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e Science Direct. Com auxílio do software Start, foram selecionados 665 artigos, após os critérios de exclusão restaram 64 artigos que foram submetidos à análise e revisão da literatura. Resultados: Na análise bibliométrica descreveu-se a evolução de publicações no campo, os estudos mais citados, a contribuição dos periódicos e os principais temas pesquisados. Por meio da análise temática constata-se que há um campo para estudos futuros. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: O estudo aponta, por meio das publicações analisadas, quais foram os efeitos da paixão empreendedora, tanto como variável dependente, independente e mediadora ou moderadora. Com isso, apresenta um panorama amplo que permite avaliar os efeitos da paixão no comportamento de empreendedores. Originalidade/Relevância: O estudo aponta um panorama de publicações sobre o tema paixão empreendedora, analisando os seus efeitos determinantes, bem como suas consequências. Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: este estudo pode auxiliar estudantes de pós-graduação e pesquisadores na construção de agendas de pesquisas. Para empreendedores, os resultados apontam os múltiplos efeitos da paixão empreendedora, o que pode estimulá-los a buscar desenvolvê-la. Para instituições de ensino que atuam com empreendedorismo, as discussões podem auxiliar a construir programas e práticas de educação empreendedora. Classificação JEL: L26, L31, G41
Effectiveness of Fenofibrate in Treatment-Naive Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Liu Yansheng , Guo Guanya , Zheng Linhua , Sun Ruiqing , Wang Xiufang , Deng Juan , Jia Gui , Yang Chunmei , Cui Lina , Guo Changcun , Shang Yulong , Han Ying 
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease, and patients with inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment show reduced long-term survival. Recent studies have shown that fenofibrate is an effective off-label therapy for PBC. However, prospective studies on biochemical response including the timing of fenofibrate administration are lacking. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fenofibrate in UDCA treatment-naive patients with PBC.

METHODS:
A total of 117 treatment-naive patients with PBC were recruited from the Xijing Hospital for a 12-month randomized, parallel, and open-label clinical trial. Study participants were assigned to receive either UDCA standard dose (UDCA-only group) or fenofibrate at a daily dose of 200 mg in addition to UDCA (UDCA-Fenofibrate group).

RESULTS:
The primary outcome was biochemical response percentage in patients according to the Barcelona criterion at 12 months. In the UDCA-Fenofibrate group, 81.4% (69.9%–92.9%) of patients achieved the primary outcome and 64.3% (51.9%–76.8%) in the UDCA-only group achieved the primary outcome (P = 0.048). There was no difference between the 2 groups in noninvasive measures of liver fibrosis and biochemical markers other than alkaline phosphatase at 12 months. Creatinine and transaminases levels in the UDCA-Fenofibrate group increased within the first month, then returned to normal, and remained stable thereafter until the end of the study, even in patients with cirrhosis.

DISCUSSION:
In this randomized clinical trial in treatment-naive patients with PBC, the combination of fenofibrate and UDCA resulted in a significantly higher biochemical response rate. Fenofibrate seemed to be well-tolerated in patients.
Evaluation of Computer-Aided Detection During Colonoscopy in the Community (AI-SEE): A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Wei Mike T. , Shankar Uday , Parvin Russell , Abbas Syed Hasan , Chaudhary Sushant , Friedlander Yishai , Friedland Shai 
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:
There has been increasing interest in artificial intelligence in gastroenterology. To reduce miss rates during colonoscopy, there has been significant exploration in computer-aided detection (CADe) devices. In this study, we evaluate the use of CADe in colonoscopy in community-based, nonacademic practices.

METHODS:
Between September 28, 2020, and September 24, 2021, a randomized controlled trial (AI-SEE) was performed evaluating the impact of CADe on polyp detection in 4 community-based endoscopy centers in the United States Patients were block-randomized to undergoing colonoscopy with or without CADe (EndoVigilant). Primary outcomes measured were adenomas per colonoscopy and adenomas per extraction (the percentage of polyps removed that are adenomas). Secondary end points included serrated polyps per colonoscopy; nonadenomatous, nonserrated polyps per colonoscopy; adenoma and serrated polyp detection rates; and procedural time.

RESULTS:
A total of 769 patients were enrolled (387 with CADe), with similar patient demographics between the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in adenomas per colonoscopy in the CADe and non-CADe groups (0.73 vs 0.67, P = 0.496). Although the use of CADe did not improve identification of serrated polyps per colonoscopy (0.08 vs 0.08, P = 0.965), the use of CADe increased identification of nonadenomatous, nonserrated polyps per colonoscopy (0.90 vs 0.51, P < 0.0001), resulting in detection of fewer adenomas per extraction in the CADe group. The adenoma detection rate (35.9 vs 37.2%, P = 0.774) and serrated polyp detection rate (6.5 vs 6.3%, P = 1.000) were similar in the CADe and non-CADe groups. Mean withdrawal time was longer in the CADe group compared with the non-CADe group (11.7 vs 10.7 minutes, P = 0.003). However, when no polyps were identified, there was similar mean withdrawal time (9.1 vs 8.8 minutes, P = 0.288). There were no adverse events.

DISCUSSION:
The use of CADe did not result in a statistically significant difference in the number of adenomas detected. Additional studies are needed to better understand why some endoscopists derive substantial benefits from CADe and others do not. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT04555135.
Determinación de fracción de carbono de especies forestales de tres bosques del departamento de Chocó, Colombia
Authors: Ibarguen Restrepo Yilmar Javier , Mena Mosquera Víctor Eleazar , Pino Bejarano Wismar Alfonso 
Published: March 2023

La cuantificación de la biomasa es esencial para estimar la dinámica de almacenamiento y fijación de carbono de los ecosistemas boscosos. En este estudio se determinó la fracción de carbono (Fc) de especies forestales de los bosques tropicales ubicados en los municipios de Quibdó, Unión Panamericana y Unguía en el departamento del Chocó, Colombia. Se establecieron seis parcelas permanentes de monitoreo (PPM) de 1 ha. Se caracterizó la composición florística por PPM, registrando los individuos con DAP ≥ 10 cm. Se seleccionaron las 39 especies de mayor peso ecológico y se determinó su Fc mediante el método de calorimetría. Se encontró una Fc promedio de 0.46 gr.cm-3 con rangos entre 0.43 y 0.48. Se registraron un total de 2841 individuos distribuidos en 260 especies y 207 géneros. Las especies con mayor peso ecológico fueron Prioria copaifera Griseb. y Perkia pendula (Willd.). La Fc constituye una herramienta para estimaciones más precisas de carbono aéreo en bosques húmedos.
SBML level 3 package: spatial processes, version 1, release 1
Authors: Schaff James C. , Lakshminarayana Anuradha , Murphy Robert F. , Bergmann Frank T. , Funahashi Akira , Sullivan Devin P. , Smith Lucian P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
While many biological processes can be modeled by abstracting away the space in which those processes occur, some modeling (particularly at the cellular level) requires space itself to be modeled, with processes happening not in well-mixed compartments, but spatially-defined compartments. The SBML Level 3 Core specification does not include an explicit mechanism to encode geometries and spatial processes in a model, but it does provide a mechanism for SBML packages to extend the Core specification and add additional syntactic constructs. The SBML Spatial Processes package for SBML Level 3 adds the necessary features to allow models to encode geometries and other spatial information about the elements and processes it describes.
Das Problem nicht-körperlicher Raumhaftigkeit
Authors: Höntsch Andreas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The paper argues that Plessner’s theory of positionality can be traced back to Kant’s theory of predicabilia in the Critique of Pure Reason. Kant’s theory of predicabilia allows for the reformulation of Plessner’s distinction between the organic structure of the living body on the one hand and the positional unity of this living body on the other hand. This enables a concept of non-physical spatiality from which Plessner’s concept of the boundary can be derived. Therefore, Plessner’s theory of positionality competes neither with Kant’s transcendental epistemology nor with his anthropology but rather extends his philosophy of science. Plessner develops the conceptual specifics of living beings, supplementing Kant’s concept of matter as the specific object of physics.
Lexically driven patterns of contact in alignment systems of languages of the northern Upper Amazon
Authors: van Gijn Rik , Case Justin , Bruil Martine , Claassen Simon A. , Grzech Karolina , Julmi Nora 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite ample attention in the literature for alignment patterns and case frames more generally, we know very little about how these elements of grammar spread from one language to another in a contact situation. Achieving a better understanding of this will help explain areal patterns in alignment and grammatical relation marking. In this contribution, we zoom in on a contact situation in the foothills of North-West Amazon, where languages of the Quechuan and Tukanoan families are in contact, and where previous authors have suggested that grammatical relation marking shows many potential contact effects. We find that, despite the absence of loanwords, abstract lexico-grammatical information associated with individual lexical items may spread from one language to another, especially within the class of sensation predicates. These can be characterized as lexically driven diffusion patterns, without formal borrowing, consistent with an overall characterization of the area’s sociolinguistics as loanword-avoiding.
La acumulación de capital, impedimento para los equilibrios eficaces del sistema económico
Authors: Reuben Soto Sergio 
Published: March 2023

This paper is a review of five articles published at the Revista de Ciencias Económicas of the Universidad de Costa Rica, which presents the results of a research program that began with an attempt to explain the crisis of subprime with a heterodox perspective of the economy, using the main categories of Political Economy. The articles cover a span of 12 years from the first published in this journal in 2008, to the last, published in this same journal in 2020. To present an empirical basis that would give solidity to the hypotheses and inferences formulated in these articles, a study is added with data on the business composition of four economic sectors in Costa Rica. The paper’s aim is to articulate the central hypotheses proposed and supported in the reviewed articles, in order to facilitate their knowledge. And secondly, to present a study with empirical data of the main productive sectors of Costa Rica, which give objective support to the proposed hypotheses. Despite the methodological limitations of the empirical study, the work suggests a trend in the concentration of productive capital accumulation, which is consistent with the proposed hypotheses. The conclusions of the theoretical research and the result of the empirical study rises issues to support the need to regulate in multiple ways, according to the conditions of each society, the process of capital accumulation that governs nationals’ productions.
Der wirksame Wettbewerb – Kein konsistenter Terminus technicus
Authors: Schmid Christian 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der „wirksame Wettbewerb“ fungiert in der unionalen und nationalen Wettbewerbsrechtsordnung als wettbewerbspolitisches Leitmotiv. Indes zeichnen sich die wesentlichen wettbewerbsrechtlichen Teilrechtsordnungen durch ein heterogenes Verständnis dieses prägenden Begriffes aus. Um ein harmonisches Ineinandergreifen der grundsätzlich parallel anwendbaren Rechtsregime – vor allem der Regulierungsregime und des allgemeinen Wettbewerbsrechts – sicherzustellen, sollte auf ein kohärentes Verständnis dieses Merkmals im Sinne eines Terminus technicus hingearbeitet werden. Die Abhandlung beschränkt sich darauf, die aus der gegenwärtigen normativen Konzeption und Interpretation des wirksamen Wettbewerbs in den Wettbewerbsrechtsordnungen resultierenden Inkonsistenzen sowie Defizite darzustellen. Die konkrete Entwicklung und Ausgestaltung eines übergreifend implementierbaren Konzepts des wirksamen Wettbewerbs bleibt zuvorderst der Wirtschaftswissenschaft überlassen.