bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TPST2-mediated receptor tyrosine sulfation enhances leukocidin cytotoxicity and S. aureus infection
Authors: He Jie , Yang Xianggui , Yang Kai , Xu Honglin , Chen Cheng , Wang Junxiong , Zeng Jun 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAn essential fact underlying the severity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection is the bicomponent leukocidins released by the pathogen to target and lyse host phagocytes through specific binding cell membrane receptors. However, little is known about the impact of post-transcriptional modification of receptors on the leukocidin binding.MethodIn this study, we used small interfering RNA library (Horizon/Dharmacon) to screen potential genes that affect leukocidin binding on receptors. The cell permeability was investigated through flow cytometry measuring the internalization of 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Expression of C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1 (C5aR1), sulfated C5aR1 in, and binding of 6x-His–tagged Hemolysin C (HlgC) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) slow-component to THP-1 cell lines was detected and analyzed via flow cytometry. Bacterial burden and Survival analysis experiment was conducted in WT and myeloid TPST-cko C57BL/6N mice.ResultsAfter short hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown of TPST2 gene in THP-1, HL-60, and RAW264.7, the cytotoxicity of HlgAB, HlgCB, and Panton–Valentine leukocidin on THP-1 or HL-60 cells was decreased significantly, and the cytotoxicity of HlgAB on RAW264.7 cells was also decreased significantly. Knockdown of TPST2 did not affect the C5aR1 expression but downregulated cell surface C5aR1 tyrosine sulfation on THP-1. In addition, we found that the binding of HlgC and LukS-PV on cell surface receptor C5aR1 was impaired in C5aR1+TPST2− and C5aR1−TPST2− cells. Phagocyte knockout of TPST2 protects mice from S. aureus infection and improves the survival of mice infected with S. aureus.ConclusionThese results indicate that phagocyte TPST2 mediates the bicomponent leukocidin cytotoxicity by promoting cell membrane receptor sulfation modification that facilitates its binding to leukocidin S component.
Combining passive and active restoration to rehabilitate a historically polluted marine site
Authors: Bianchelli Silvia , Martini Francesco , Lo Martire Marco , Danovaro Roberto , Corinaldesi Cinzia 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPassive and active restoration approaches have been often considered as different alternatives to achieve the ecological restoration of a degraded site. This false dichotomy has been overcome in terrestrial ecosystems, for which a range of restoration approaches have often been applied within the same restoration project, creating a continuum of interventions. In the marine environment, the combined approach based on passive and active restoration is less studied.MethodsHere, we tested the possibility of actively restoring a macroalgal population in a historically polluted industrial site, subjected to decadal passive restoration (i.e., unassisted, or spontaneous recovery following cessation of industrial activity), in the Mediterranean Sea. Recently, it has been demonstrated that in the site under scrutiny, there is no longer any sign of the historical contamination or impact on benthic fauna therefore the environmental conditions are indistinguishable from surrounding non-impacted areas. We used artificial breakwater barriers already present in the site to restore a population of the brown algae Gongolaria barbata. The intervention was conducted by applying an in situ recruitment approach and a complementary action using cages to exclude the herbivores. The G. barbata recruits were transplanted on the artificial reefs and after they reached the maximum growth inside the cages, one cage was opened and another one was completely removed to also test the grazing pressure. The associated benthic assemblages were also analysed in terms of meio- and macrofaunal abundance, the richness of taxa, and taxonomic composition.Results and discussionOur results indicate that, at least over a relatively short period (i.e., 6 months), the use of the cages represents a useful tool to let the macroalgae grow enough to counterbalance the herbivory pressure. The associated fauna below the macroalgae was characterized by a different taxonomic composition when compared to controls (i.e., artificial reefs without the macroalgae), particularly when considered the rare taxa. In conclusion, the combination of passive and active restoration can be considered a useful approach to restore marine sites degraded by historical industrial activities.
Bio-protection in oenology by Metschnikowia pulcherrima: from field results to scientific inquiry
Authors: Puyo Maëlys , Simonin Scott , Bach Benoit , Klein Géraldine , Alexandre Hervé , Tourdot-Maréchal Raphaëlle 
Published: August 2023

Finding alternatives to the use of chemical inputs to preserve the sanitary and organoleptic quality of food and beverages is essential to meet public health requirements and consumer preferences. In oenology, numerous manufacturers already offer a diverse range of bio-protection yeasts to protect must against microbiological alterations and therefore limit or eliminate sulphites during winemaking. Bio-protection involves selecting non-Saccharomyces yeasts belonging to different genera and species to induce negative interactions with indigenous microorganisms, thereby limiting their development and their impact on the matrix. Although the effectiveness of bio-protection in the winemaking industry has been reported in numerous journals, the underlying mechanisms are not yet well understood.The aim of this review is to examine the current state of the art of field trials and laboratory studies that demonstrate the effects of using yeasts for bio-protection, as well as the interaction mechanisms that may be responsible for these effects. It focuses on the yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima, particularly recommended for the bio-protection of grape musts.
Positive effects of lignocellulose on the formation and stability of aerobic granular sludge
Authors: Xu Jie , Gao Yuan , Bi Xuejun , Li Lin , Xiang Wenjuan , Liu Shichang 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionLignocellulose is one of the major components of particulate organic matter in sewage, which has a significant influence on biological wastewater treatment process. However, the effect of lignocellulose on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system is still unknown.MethodsIn this study, two reactors were operated over 5 months to investigate the effect of lignocellulose on granulation process, structure stability and pollutants removal of AGS.Results and discussionThe results indicated that lignocellulose not only promoted the secretion of tightly bound polysaccharide in extracellular polymeric substances, but also acted as skeletons within granules, thereby facilitating AGS formation, and enhancing structural strength. Lignocellulose imposed little effect on the removal efficiency of pollutants, with more than 95, 99, and 92% of COD, NH4+-N, and PO43−-P were removed in both reactors. However, it did exhibit a noticeable influence on pollutants conversion processes. This might be due to that the presence of lignocellulose promoted the enrichment of functional microorganisms, including Candidatus_Accumulibacter, Candidatus_Competibacter, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira, etc. These findings might provide valuable insights into the control strategy of lignocellulose in practical AGS systems.
Case report: Delayed quadriplegia from traumatic carotid cavernous fistula: a rare case with perimedullary venous drainage
Authors: Ma Yu-Hu , Shang Rui , Lin Sen , Li Si-Hao , Wang Ting , Zhang Chang-Wei 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundCarotid cavernous fistula (CCF) refers to the abnormal arteriovenous communication between the carotid system at the skull base and the sphenoid cavernous sinus, which is caused by trauma in almost 75% of cases. The drainage of venous blood to the spinal cord represents a distinctive mechanism, which is commonly observed in dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), and typically manifests clinically as progressive myelopathy. However, it is a rare occurrence in clinical practice that traumatic carotid cavernous fistula (TCCF) causes delayed quadriplegia through perimedullary venous drainage.Case presentationWe report the case of a 29-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with a sudden onset of headache and quadriplegia. The patient had previously lost his right eye in a traffic accident 5 years ago. Cerebral angiography showed a high-flow direct CCF on the right side, accompanied by obvious drainage of cerebellar and perimedullary veins. We successfully performed coil embolization for the CCF, and the symptoms of the patient gradually improved after the operation. During follow-up at sixth-months, the patient regained the ability to walk independently.ConclusionWe experienced a rare case of TCCF with quadriplegia. Utilizing coil embolization, we achieved successful improvement in the patient’s condition. However, the mechanism and the best treatment of CCF drainage through the perimedullary vein are still unclear. We need to further explore the pathophysiological information of CCF venous drainage.
Abnormal static and dynamic functional network connectivity of the whole-brain in children with generalized tonic-clonic seizures
Authors: Li Yongxin , Ran Yun , Chen Qian 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionGeneralized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) are a subtype of generalized seizures exhibiting bursts of bilaterally synchronous generalized spike-wave discharges. Numerous neuroimaging studies have reported aberrant functional activity and topological organization of brain network in epilepsy patients with GTCS, but most studies have focused on adults. However, the effect of GTCS on the spatial and temporal properties of brain function in children remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore whole-brain static (sFC) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) in children with GTCS.MethodsTwenty-three children with GTCS and 32 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for the present study. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected for each subject. The group independent component analysis method was used to obtain independent components (ICs). Then, sFC and dFC methods were applied and the differences in functional connectivity (FC) were compared between the children with GTCS and the HCs. Additionally, we investigated the correlations between the dFC indicators and epilepsy duration.ResultsCompared to HCs, GTCS patients exhibited a significant decrease in sFC strengths among most networks. The K-means clustering method was implemented for dFC analysis, and the optimal number of clusters was estimated: two discrete connectivity configurations, State 1 (strong connection) and State 2 (weak connection). The decreased dFC mainly occurred in State 1, especially the dFC between the visual network (VIS) and somatomotor network (SMN); but the increased dFC mainly occurred in State 2 among most networks in GTCS children. In addition, GTCS children showed significantly shorter mean dwell time and lower fractional windows in stronger connected State 1, while GTCS children showed significantly longer mean dwell time in weaker connected State 2. In addition, the dFC properties, including mean dwell time and fractional windows, were significantly correlated with epilepsy duration.ConclusionOur results indicated that GTCS epilepsy not only alters the connectivity strength but also changes the temporal properties of connectivity in networks in the whole brain. These findings also emphasized the differences in sFC and dFC in children with GTCS. Combining sFC and dFC methods may provide more comprehensive understanding of the abnormal changes in brain architecture in children with GTCS.
Cytological DNA methylation for cervical cancer screening: a validation set
Authors: Kong Linghua , Wang Linhai , Wang Ziyun , Xiao Xiaoping , You Yan , Wu Huanwen , Wu Ming , Liu Pei , Li Lei 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundIn a previous training set with a case-controlled design, cutoff values for host EPB41L3 and JAM3 gene methylation were obtained for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or more severe lesions (CIN2+). This validation trial was conducted to evaluate the role of DNA methylation in screening for CIN2+ by cervical cytology among unselected participants.MethodsFrom June 1, 2019, to September 1, 2019, in our study center, we collected liquid-based samples from cervical swabs for methylation assays and hrHPV testing in eligible patients. The primary endpoint was the diagnostic accuracy of DNA methylation and hrHPV genotyping for CIN2+ according to confirmed histology results.ResultsAmong 307 participants, compared with hrHPV testing, the methylation assay for CIN2+ had lower sensitivity (68.7% versus 86.1%, p=0.002) but higher specificity (96.7% versus 0.696, p&lt;0.001). The methylation assay also had favorable sensitivity and specificity in patients with negative hrHPV testing (56.3% and 96.9%) and in patients with cervical adenocarcinoma (73.7% and 92.7%). DNA methylation had higher specificity than the hrHPV assay (100.0% versus 44.4%, p&lt;0.001) for identifying residual CIN2+ in patients without residual lesions. Positive cervical DNA methylation was associated with a diagnostic probability of endometrial carcinoma (odds ratio 15.5 [95% confidence interval 4.1-58.6]) but not of ovarian epithelial carcinoma (1.4 [0.3-6.5]).ConclusionsThe host EPB41L3 and JAM3 gene methylation assay in cervical cytology had favorable diagnostic accuracy for CIN2+ and was highly specific for residual CIN2+ lesions The methylation assay is a promising triage tool in hrHPV+ women, or even an independent tool for cervical cancer screening. The methylation status in cervical cytology could also serve as a prognostic biomarker. Its role in detecting endometrial carcinomas is worthy of further exploration.
The molecular profile in patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia is dynamic and correlates with disease’s phenotype
Authors: Sobieralski Patryk , Wasąg Bartosz , Leszczyńska Aleksandra , Żuk Monika , Bieniaszewska Maria 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPolycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are diseases driven by canonical mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL gene. Previous studies revealed that in addition to driver mutations, patients with PV and ET can harbor other mutations in various genes, with no established impact on disease phenotype. We hypothesized that the molecular profile of patients with PV and ET is dynamic throughout the disease.MethodsIn this study, we performed a 37-gene targeted next-generation sequencing panel on the DNA samples collected from 49 study participants in two-time points, separated by 78-141 months. We identified 78 variants across 37 analyzed genes in the study population.ResultsBy analyzing the change in variant allele frequencies and revealing the acquisition of new mutations during the disease, we confirmed the dynamic nature of the molecular profile of patients with PV and ET. We found connections between specific variants with the development of secondary myelofibrosis, thrombotic events, and response to treatment. We confronted our results with existing conventional and mutation-enhanced prognostic systems, showing the limited utility of available prognostic tools.DiscussionThe results of this study underline the significance of repeated molecular testing in patients with PV and ET and indicate the need for further research within this field to better understand the disease and improve available prognostic tools.
Upregulated FADD is associated with poor prognosis, immune exhaustion, tumor malignancy, and immunotherapy resistance in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: He Miao , He Yingying , Xu Jian , Zhang Youcai , Cao Xiaoyu , Wang Li , Luo Feng 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundFAS-associated death structural domain (FADD) proteins are important proteins that regulate apoptosis and are also involved in many nonapoptotic pathways in tumors. However, how dysregulated FADD affects the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown.MethodTranscriptome profiles and corresponding clinical information of LUAD patients were convened from different databases, and the results were validated by qRT−PCR and cell counting kit-8 using LUAD cell lines. Potential associations between FADD and tumor malignancy, the immune microenvironment, genomic stability, and treatment sensitivity in LUAD patients were revealed by systematic bioinformatics analysis.ResultsFADD was significantly overexpressed in LUAD, and patients with higher expression levels of FADD had a worse prognosis and more advanced tumor stage. Functional analysis revealed that elevated expression of FADD was associated with cell cycle dysregulation, angiogenesis, and metabolic disturbances. In addition, overexpression of FADD was associated with a higher infiltration of suppressive immune cells. From a single-cell perspective, cells with lower FADD expression are more active in immune-related pathways. FADD was associated with more genomic mutations, especially TP53. Patients with high FADD expression are more likely to benefit from conventional chemotherapy, while those with low FADD expression are more suitable for immunotherapy.ConclusionsUpregulated FADD is associated with worse prognosis, immune exhaustion, and tumor malignancy in LUAD patients. In addition, FADD can be an efficient indicator for assessing sensitivity to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, FADD has the potential to serve as a new target for precision medicine and targeted therapy for LUAD.
Knowledge structure and hotspots research of glioma immunotherapy: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yuan Yexin , Su Yue , Wu Yingxi , Xue Yafei , Zhang Yunze , Zhang Yangyang , Zheng Min , Chang Ting , Qu Yan , Zhao Tianzhi 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundGlioma is the most common primary brain tumor. Traditional treatments for glioma include surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and bevacizumab therapy, but their efficacies are limited. Immunotherapy provides a new direction for glioma treatment. This study aimed to summarize the knowledge structure and research hotspots of glioma immunotherapy through a bibliometric analysis.MethodPublications pertaining to glioma immunotherapy published during the period from 1st January 1990 to 27th March 2023 were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using the CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology, and R software. The hotspots and prospects of glioma immunotherapy research were illustrated via analyzing the countries, institutions, journals, authors, citations and keywords of eligible publications.ResultsA total of 1,929 publications pertaining to glioma immunotherapy in 502 journals were identified as of 27th March 2023, involving 9,505 authors from 1,988 institutions in 62 countries. Among them were 1,285 articles and 644 reviews. Most of publications were produced by the United States. JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY published the majority of publications pertaining to glioma immunotherapy. Among the authors, Lim M contributed the largest number of publications. Through analyzing keyword bursts and co-cited references, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were identified as the research focus and hotspot.ConclusionUsing a bibliometric analysis, this study provided the knowledge structure and research hotspots in glioma immunotherapy research during the past 33 years, with ICIs staying in the current and future hotspot. Our findings may direct the research of glioma immunotherapy in the future.
The efficacy and safety of condoliase for lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Zeling , Xu Bo , Liu Yujiang , Chen Hua , Cai Xuefeng , Zhang Long , Shen Xiaofeng , Li Yuwei 
Published: August 2023

Background: Chemonucleolysis is a minimally invasive treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). However, the low specificity of the enzyme and the existence of serious adverse events limit the application of chemonucleolysis. Clinical studies in recent years have shown that Chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase (condoliase) is a potential therapeutic enzyme for LDH. Aim. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of condoliase in LDH treatment.Methods: We searched Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. The outcomes were the total effective rate, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score change, the proportion of lumbar surgery after condoliase treatment, herniated mass volume change, Pfirrmann grade change, and adverse events. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 were used for meta-, sensitivity, and bias analysis.Results: Ten studies were included. A single-arm meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate was 78% [95% confidence interval (CI) 75%–81%], the proportion of surgery was 9% (95% CI 7%–12%), the proportion of Pfirrmann grade change was 43% (95%CI 38%–47%), and the adverse events were 4% (95% CI 2%–6%) after condoliase treatment. The two-arm meta-analysis showed that the ODI score change [standardized mean difference (SMD) −2.46, 95% CI −3.30 to −1.63] and the herniated mass volume change (SMD −16.97, 95% CI −23.92 to −10.03) of the condoliase treatment group were greater than those of the placebo control group, and there was no difference in adverse events between the two groups (OR 1.52, 95% CI 0.60–3.85). The results of sensitivity and publication bias analyses showed that the results were robust.Conclusion: Condoliase intradiscal injection has excellent eutherapeutic and safety for LDH, thus, has considerable potential as a treatment option besides conservative treatment and surgical intervention for LDH.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022375492, PROSPERO (CRD42022375492).