bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational contact allergy: The European perspective–Analysis of patch test data from ESSCA between 2011 and 2020
Authors: Bauer Andrea , Pesonen Maria , Brans Richard , Caroppo Francesca , Dickel Heinrich , Dugonik Aleksandra , Larese Filon Francesca , Geier Johannes , Gimenez‐Arnau Ana M. , Napolitano Maddalena , Patruno Cataldo , Rustemeyer Thomas , Simon Dagmar , Schuttelaar Marie L. A. , Spiewak Radoslaw , Stingeni Luca , Vok Marko , Weisshaar Elke , Wilkinson Mark , Valiukeviciene Skaidra , Uter Wolfgang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundOccupational skin diseases have led the occupational disease statistics in Europe for many years. Especially occupational allergic contact dermatitis is associated with a poor prognosis and low healing rates leading to an enormous burden for the affected individual and for society.ObjectivesTo present the sensitization frequencies to the most relevant allergens of the European baseline series in patients with occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) and to compare sensitization profiles of different occupations.MethodsThe data of 16 022 patients considered having OCD after patch testing within the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA) network between January 2011 and December 2020 were evaluated. Patients (n = 46 652) in whom an occupational causation was refuted served as comparison group.ResultsThe highest percentages of OCD were found among patients working in agriculture, fishery and related workers, metal industry, chemical industry, followed by building and construction industry, health care, food and service industry. Sensitizations to rubber chemicals (thiurams, carbamates, benzothiazoles) and epoxy resins were associated with at least a doubled risk of OCD. After a decline from 2014 onwards, the risks to acquire an occupation‐related sensitization to methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and especially to methylisothiazolinone (MI) seem to increase again. Sensitization rates to formaldehyde were stable, and to methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN) slightly decreasing over time.ConclusionsAmong allergens in the European Baseline Series, occupational relevance is most frequently attributed to rubber accelerators, epoxy resins and preservatives.
Effects of co‐ingesting glucose and whey protein on blood glucose, plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations, and gastric emptying, in older men with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Oberoi Avneet , Giezenaar Caroline , Rigda Rachael S. , Horowitz Michael , Jones Karen L. , Chapman Ian , Soenen Stijn 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate whether co‐ingestion of dietary protein with, or before, carbohydrate may be a useful strategy to reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia in older men with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and MethodsBlood glucose, plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations were measured for 180 minutes following ingestion of a drink containing 30 g of glucose (G; 120 kcal), 30 g of whey protein (120 kcal), 30 g of glucose plus 30 g of whey protein (GP; 240 kcal), or control (~2 kcal) in older men with T2D (n = 10, 77 ± 1 years; 31 ± 1.7 kg/m2) and without T2D (n = 10, 78 ± 2 years; 27 ± 1.4 kg/m2). Mixed model analysis was used.ResultsGP versus G markedly reduced the increase in blood glucose concentrations (P < .001) and had a synergistic effect on the increase in insulin concentrations (P < .001), in men both with and without T2D. Glucose concentrations were higher in men with T2D compared with those without T2D, whereas insulin and glucagon concentrations were largely unaffected by the presence of T2D. Gastric emptying was faster in men with T2D than in those without T2D.ConclusionsThe ability of whey protein to reduce carbohydrate‐induced, postprandial hyperglycaemia is retained in older men with T2D compared with those without T2D, and whey protein supplementation may be a useful strategy in the prevention and management of T2D in older people.
Fragment reattachment or direct restoration? An in vitro study
Authors: Pereira Raquel Vitório , Tabata Lucas Fernando , Rosemberg Esther Teófilo , Ribeiro Ana Paula Dias , Poubel Déborah Lousan do Nascimento , Garcia Fernanda Cristina Pimentel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThe fracture resistance of teeth subjected to fragment reattachment may improve when the technique is performed using intermediate materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different bonding materials, including pre‐heated composite resin, on the fracture resistance of teeth subjected to the reattachment technique compared with a direct composite resin restoration.Materials and MethodsAfter simulating a tooth fracture, each specimen was reattached by using one of the following intermediate materials (n = 15): G0, negative control (sound teeth); G1, Z100; G2, pre‐heated Z100; G3, Filtek Z350 XT; G4, pre‐heated Filtek Z350 XT; G5, Filtek Z350 XT Flow; and G6, RelyX Veneer. In G7, direct class IV restorations were performed using Filtek Z350 XT composite resin. The fracture resistance was evaluated using a universal testing machine under a compressive load of 1 mm/min. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Tukey test (5%) were conducted.ResultsG0 showed the highest fracture resistance, and this was statistically different from the other experimental groups (p < .05) except for G2 and G4, in which the fragments were bonded using pre‐heated resins. A statistically significant difference was found between groups G1 and G6 (one‐way ANOVA, p = .04). For G1 and G2, a significant difference was found between bonding with and without pre‐heating (p < .05). This difference was not observed in G3 and G4 (p > .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the reattached and directly restored groups (t‐test, p = .53).ConclusionsThe tooth reattachment technique using pre‐heated composite resin showed fracture resistance values similar to those of the sound tooth group. No difference was found between the fragment reattachment and direct composite resin techniques.
Premorbid functioning in adolescence associates with comorbid disorders in individuals at ultra‐high risk for psychosis: A brief report
Authors: Lundsgaard Julie , Kristensen Tina Dam , Nordentoft Merete , Glenthøj Louise Birkedal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study examines associations between premorbid adjustment and comorbid disorders in individuals at ultra‐high risk (UHR) for psychosis.MethodsPremorbid social and academic adjustment data were collected from 146 UHR individuals using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Comorbid disorders were determined by the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV.ResultsLogistic regressions showed lower premorbid social adjustment associated with personality disorders. Lower premorbid academic adjustment associated with affective disorders. More specifically, poor premorbid social adjustment in early and late adolescence associated with personality disorders. Lower premorbid social adjustment in late adolescence and lower premorbid academic adjustment in early adolescence associated with affective disorders.ConclusionPartly corroborating evidence from schizophrenia samples, our findings suggest that poor premorbid adjustment relate to distinct comorbid disorders in UHR individuals. If replicated, it indicates that premorbid adjustment deficits may be a key area for targeted interventions improving the clinical prognosis of UHR individuals.
Sexual dysfunction in female and male people with multiple sclerosis: disability, depression and hormonal status matter
Authors: Di Pauli Franziska , Zinganell Anne , Böttcher Bettina , Walde Janette , Auer Michael , Barket Robert , Berek Klaus , Egger Alexander , Griesmacher Andrea , Sukalo Natasa , Deisenhammer Florian , Hegen Harald 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeSexual dysfunction (SD) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) is common and an often underestimated issue in the care of pwMS. The objective of the study was to evaluate risk factors for SD in pwMS, correlate its prevalence with patient‐reported measures (quality of life and physical activity) and analyse its association with hormonal status.MethodsSexual dysfunction was determined in 152 pwMS using the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire 19. A logistical regression model was used to identify independent risk factors for SD.ResultsThe prevalence of SD in pwMS was 47%. Independent risk factors for the development of SD were ever‐smoking (odds ratio [OR] 3.4, p = 0.023), disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (OR 2.0, p < 0.001), depression (OR 4.3, p = 0.047) and bladder and bowel dysfunction (OR 8.8, p < 0.001); the use of disease‐modifying treatment was associated with a lower risk for SD (OR 0.32, p = 0.043). SD was associated with worse quality of life (Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29: physical score 6.3 vs. 40.0; psychological score 8.3 vs. 33.3; both p < 0.001) and lower physical activity (Baecke questionnaire, p < 0.001). Laboratory analysis revealed significantly higher luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels and lower 17‐beta oestradiol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, oestrone and anti‐Mullerian hormone levels in female pwMS with SD. In male pwMS and SD, there was a significant decrease in inhibin B levels.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the requirement of a holistic approach to SD in MS including physical, neurourological and psychosocial factors. Active screening for SD, especially in patients with disability, depression or bladder and bowel dysfunction, is recommended.
Quantitative morphometric analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic skin ageing in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types II–III
Authors: Costello Lydia , Goncalves Kirsty , De Los Santos Gomez Paola , Simpson Amy , Maltman Victoria , Ritchie Pamela , Tasseff Ryan , Isfort Robert , Dicolandrea Teresa , Wei Xingtao , Määttä Arto , Karakesisoglou Iakowos , Markiewicz Ewa , Bascom Charles C. , Przyborski Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSkin ageing is an intricate physiological process affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. There is a demand to understand how the skin changes with age and photoexposure in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types I‐III due to accelerated photoageing and the risk of cutaneous malignancies. To assess the structural impact of intrinsic and extrinsic ageing, we analysed 14 skin parameters from the photoprotected buttock and photoexposed dorsal forearm of young and ageing females with Fitzpatrick skin types II‐III (n = 20) using histomorphic techniques. Whilst the minimum viable epidermis (Emin) remained constant (Q > 0.05), the maximum viable epidermis (Emax) was decreased by both age and photoexposure (Q ≤ 0.05), which suggests that differences in epidermal thickness are attributed to changes in the dermal‐epidermal junction (DEJ). Changes in Emax were not affected by epidermal cell proliferation. For the first time, we investigated the basal keratinocyte morphology with age and photoexposure. Basal keratinocytes had an increased cell size, cellular height and a more columnar phenotype in photoexposed sites of young and ageing individuals (Q ≤ 0.05), however no significant differences were observed with age. Some of the most striking changes were observed in the DEJ, and a decrease in the interdigitation index was observed with both age and photoexposure (Q ≤ 0.001), accompanied by a decreased height of rête ridges and dermal papilla. Interestingly, young photoexposed skin was comparable to ageing skin across many parameters, and we hypothesise that this is due to accelerated photoageing. This study highlights the importance of skin care education and photoprotection from an early age.
Lightweight convolutional neural network architecture design for music genre classification using evolutionary stochastic hyperparameter selection
Authors: Singh Yeshwant , Biswas Anupam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) have succeeded in various domains, including music information retrieval (MIR). Music genre classification (MGC) is one such task in the MIR that has gained attention over the years because of the massive increase in online music content. Accurate indexing and automatic classification of these large volumes of music content require high computational resources, which pose a significant challenge to building a lightweight system. CNNs are a popular deep learning‐based choice for building systems for MGC. However, finding an optimal CNN architecture for MGC requires domain knowledge both in CNN architecture design and music. We present MGA‐CNN, a genetic algorithm‐based approach with a novel stochastic hyperparameter selection for finding an optimal lightweight CNN‐based architecture for the MGC task. The proposed approach is unique in automating the CNN architecture design for the MGC task. MGA‐CNN is evaluated on three widely used music datasets and compared with seven peer rivals, which include three automatic CNN architecture design approaches and four manually designed popular CNN architectures. The experimental results show that MGA‐CNN surpasses the peer approaches in terms of classification accuracy, parameter numbers, and execution time. The optimal architectures generated by MGA‐CNN also achieve classification accuracy comparable to the manually designed CNN architectures while spending fewer computing resources.
Pricing strategies in BigTech lending: Evidence from China
Authors: Lu Lei , Wei Jianxing , Wu Weixing , Zhou Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes a BigTech lender's pricing strategies in the business‐to‐customer unsecured loan market using a proprietary data set of consumer loans in China. We find that the credit rating constructed by the BigTech lender is informative of the customers' default risk. Moreover, the interest rate decreases and the credit limit increases with the credit rating. Interestingly, the BigTech lender charges different interest rates to its customers based on the customer channel, although it does not provide information about the customers' default risk. Following the passage of the China Banking Regulatory Commission Act, which reduced credit market competition, the BigTech lender increased the current rate and decreased the credit limit. We rationalize these empirical findings in a simple model of credit contract design.
Combining environmental niche models, multi‐grain analyses, and species traits identifies pervasive effects of land use on butterfly biodiversity across Italy
Authors: Riva Federico , Barbero Francesca , Balletto Emilio , Bonelli Simona 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how species respond to human activities is paramount to ecology and conservation science, one outstanding question being how large‐scale patterns in land use affect biodiversity. To facilitate answering this question, we propose a novel analytical framework that combines environmental niche models, multi‐grain analyses, and species traits. We illustrate the framework capitalizing on the most extensive dataset compiled to date for the butterflies of Italy (106,514 observations for 288 species), assessing how agriculture and urbanization have affected biodiversity of these taxa from landscape to regional scales (3–48 km grains) across the country while accounting for its steep climatic gradients. Multiple lines of evidence suggest pervasive and scale‐dependent effects of land use on butterflies in Italy. While land use explained patterns in species richness primarily at grains ≤12 km, idiosyncratic responses in species highlighted “winners” and “losers” across human‐dominated regions. Detrimental effects of agriculture and urbanization emerged from landscape (3‐km grain) to regional (48‐km grain) scales, disproportionally affecting small butterflies and butterflies with a short flight curve. Human activities have therefore reorganized the biogeography of Italian butterflies, filtering out species with poor dispersal capacity and narrow niche breadth not only from local assemblages, but also from regional species pools. These results suggest that global conservation efforts neglecting large‐scale patterns in land use risk falling short of their goals, even for taxa typically assumed to persist in small natural areas (e.g., invertebrates). Our study also confirms that consideration of spatial scales will be crucial to implementing effective conservation actions in the Post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. In this context, applications of the proposed analytical framework have broad potential to identify which mechanisms underlie biodiversity change at different spatial scales.
How mild is mild haemophilia?
Authors: Daffunchio Carla , Landro Maria E. , Galatro Gustavo , Neme Daniela , Cambiaggi Guillermo , Moretti Noemi , Guerrero Virginia , Negrete Graciela , Primiani Laura , Caviglia Horacio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeople with mild haemophilia (PWMH) experience sporadic bleeds and are less likely to receive an early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and medical care. Arthropathy is a key determinant of health‐related quality of life (QoL), producing pain, limitations in mobility and daily activities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and QoL associated with arthropathy in PWMH.Materials and MethodsObservational, cross‐sectional cohort study. Data were collected in a single interview and evaluated by a physiotherapist and an orthopaedist and analysed on demographics; baseline factor levels; as well as clinical (Haemophilia Joint Health Score [HJHS]), ultrasound (Haemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound [HEAD‐US]), radiological (Pettersson score [PS]), pain (visual analogue scale [VAS]) and QoL evaluations. We defined arthropathy when at least one of the joints shown with a HEAD‐US score ≥ 1.ResultsEighty‐five patients and 510 joints were included. Patients’ mean age was 35.9 years‐old. Median age was 44.2 in patients with arthropathy versus 14.9 in patients without; the difference was statistically significant (p < .001). In patients over 20 years old, 90.5% shown arthropathy. Only 24 (28%) patients had no joint damage (HEAD‐US = 0), and 61 (72%) had at least one joint with a HEAD‐US ≥ 1. The ankle was the most affected joint. Patient age was found to be the most important risk factor associated with the development of arthropathy.ConclusionsJoint damage as a result of prior hemarthrosis was the most relevant factor associated with lower QoL, and emphasised the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management in this particular population.
Structured handoff to improve communication from inpatient to outpatient dialysis units: A quality improvement project
Authors: Claudel Sophie E. , Valente Christopher , Serafin Hope , Hassan Kamel Mohamed , Ghai Sandeep 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with end‐stage kidney disease requiring dialysis encounter high hospital readmission rates. One contributor is poor communication between hospitals and outpatient dialysis facilities. We hypothesized that improved communication may reduce 30‐day hospital readmissions for patients on dialysis at an urban, safety net hospital.MethodsWe created a standardized discharge handoff tool that is easy to use and provides concise data for dialysis centers. The handoff tool is a novel, electronic MACRO template (called a “dot‐phrase”) to be included in discharge documentation. Instructions for the dot‐phrase and electronic facsimile (e‐faxing) were sent to Internal Medicine residents immediately prior to their rotation on an inpatient Renal service. We then measured the intervention implementation rate and its impact on hospital readmission metrics.ResultsWe compared 3 months of preintervention and 6 months of postintervention data, identifying 82 and 135 index discharges in each respective study period. Patients were predominantly male (56.2%) and receiving hemodialysis (89.8%); a minority (9.2%) were undomiciled at the time of discharge. Mean age was 60.5 years (SD 14.0). Renal discharges followed by 30‐day Renal readmission were not statistically lower in the postintervention group for the index discharge alone (26.8% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.12), but were for overall discharges (51.2% vs. 25.7%, p < 0.0001). The dot‐phrase was used in 95.4% of discharge summaries, and 74.7% of discharge summaries were e‐faxed within 24 h of discharge.ConclusionThere was high uptake of a standardized discharge handoff tool among Internal Medicine residents on a Renal inpatient service. Using a handoff tool and e‐faxing may improve communication with outpatient dialysis centers and may reduce readmissions among some patients but is likely insufficient to fully address high readmission rates. Subsequent intervention iterations would benefit from further collaboration with outpatient dialysis units for customization of the handoff tool to meet local communication needs.
SPOUSES, CHILDREN, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: da Fonseca João Galindo , Berubé Charles 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the relationship between family and entrepreneurship decisions. Family influences entrepreneurship decisions via two channels: (i) Spouses work more in case of business failure and (ii) children increase the cost of failure. We use administrative matched owner–employer–employee–spouse data to estimate the predictions derived from our model. We find evidence that marriage decreases entry into entrepreneurship and increases average firm size, consistent with mechanism (ii) dominating the (i). Using direct information on children, we find that more children decrease entry into entrepreneurship and increase average firm size.
Risk of body weight changes among Danish children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Berg Selina K. , Birk Nina M. , Thorsted Anne B. , Rosenkilde Siri , Jensen Louise B. , Nygaard Ulrikka , Bundgaard Henning , Thygesen Lau C. , Ersbøll Annette K. , Nielsen Susanne D. , Christensen Anne V. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBackgroundKnowledge of COVID‐19 and the pandemic's effects on Danish children's body weight is limited.ObjectiveObjectives were to investigate (I) risk of weight changes among Danish children with and without SARS‐CoV‐2, (II) associations between weight changes, psychological symptoms, and long COVID symptoms, and (III) weight distribution pre‐ and post‐pandemic.MethodsA national survey was administered to all Danish children aged 0–18 years, with prior COVID‐19 (cases) and matched references including questions on weight, weight changes during the pandemic and long COVID‐related symptoms. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used. Weight distribution was compared with a pre‐pandemic database.ResultsIn all, 17 627 cases and 54 656 references were included. The 4–18‐year‐old cases had lower odds of unintended weight gain. The 2–3‐year‐old cases had higher odds and the 15–18‐year‐old cases lower odds of weight loss compared to references. Regardless of COVID‐19 status, any reported long COVID‐related symptom was associated with a change in body weight. No sign of increasing obesity rates was found among Danish children post‐pandemic.ConclusionCOVID‐19 was associated with higher odds of weight loss in 2–3‐year‐olds and lower odds of unintended weight gain in 4–18‐year‐olds. Any long COVID‐related symptom was associated with higher odds of weight changes regardless of COVID‐19 status.