bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EXTRACCIÓN, CARACTERIZACIÓN Y ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA DEL PIGMENTO CAROTENOIDE DE MICROCOCCUS LUTEUS
Authors: Fernández-Sánchez Harley , Agurto-Sáenz Tomás , Gonzales Molfino Hugo Mauricio , Chavieri-Salazar Andrés Ricardo , Guerra-Santa Cruz Alcides 
Published: February 2023

Micrococcus luteus (Schroeter) Cohn 1872 es una de las bacterias que se encuentran en el ambiente, sus colonias presentan una pigmentación amarillenta. Este pigmento es un carotenoide cuyas propiedades varían según el ambiente de origen o aislamiento. En la actualidad, es importante explorar varias fuentes naturales de colorantes de grado alimenticio y sus potenciales efectos en la industria alimentaria, la salud humana o veterinaria. Por ello, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar la extracción del pigmento carotenoide de M. luteus con solventes orgánicos y la respectiva caracterización mediante cromatografía en capa fina (TLC) del pigmento carotenoide de M. luteus aislado del Laboratorio de Microbiología de la Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Perú, para, posteriormente, evaluar su actividad antimicrobiana frente a una serie de cepas proporcionadas por este mismo laboratorio. Consecuentemente, se obtuvo no solo una extracción simplificada cruda del pigmento con étil acetato y un factor de retención (R/ f) de 0.4 para ese pigmento, sino que también se confirmó su actividad antibacterial contra algunas cepas patógenas de importancia humana y veterinaria como lo son V. parahaemolyticus, P. fluorescens y R. equi.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS EN PACIENTES CON INSUFICIENCIA CARDIACA CRÓNICA
Authors: Rodríguez-León Amarelys , Garcés-González Roberto , Izquierdo-Medina Ricardo , Enríquez-González Carilaudy , Fimia-Duarte Rigoberto 
Published: February 2023

Los cuidados paliativos, se emplean para dar solución al sufrimiento, devolver la dignidad de la persona, y satisfacer las necesidades humanas. La mayor parte de pacientes con Insufi ciencia Cardiaca Crónica tienen edad avanzada y no son susceptibles de trasplante cardiaco, a pesar de ser un síndrome con alta letalidad y mal pronóstico, la falta de cuidados paliativos integrales y eficaces es evidente en estudios que describen el final de la vida de los pacientes. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 158 pacientes, con el objetivo de describir las características sociodemográficas y las necesidades humanas de los pacientes según sus respuestas al integrar los cuidados paliativos a los cuidados de Enfermería, en Remedios, Cuba, de 2016 a 2020. Predominaron el grupo de la tercera edad de 70 a 79 años y la figura de la mujer, con nivel técnico medio, estado civil personas viudas y creencias religiosas. Entre las necesidades más afectadas se encuentran: la sintomatología física, los cambios en las emociones, no adecuado apoyo familiar y comunicación.
As Festividades e a Inauguração do Ciclo Militar no Calendário Romano: uma análise das Equírrias e Tubilústrias nos Fastos de Ovídio (Séc. I d.C.)
Authors: Mota Thiago Eustáquio Araújo , Silva João Wictor Medrado 
Published: February 2023

Composto em dísticos elegíacos, os Fastos de Ovídio trazem valiosas informações sobre os ritos e as festividades em Roma que, convencionalmente, são divididas entre as festas do ciclo agrário, festas cívicas e aquelas de cunho bélico. Caracterizado como um poema didático, o texto mescla informações técnicas com divertidos excursus mitológicos ao retratar a etiologia das festas, templos e rituais romanos. O artigo em questão optou por se debruçar sobre a problemática das festividades, principalmente, as do ciclo bélico (Equírrias e Tubilústrias) que apresentam os dispositivos rituais de preparação para a guerra, além de problematizar as construções poéticas de Ovídio na descrição destas cerimônias religiosas.
Palavras-chave: Festividades. Calendário Romano. Ciclo Bélico. Ovídio. Equírrias. Tubilústrias.
MEME UNDERTOOK A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF VACCINES UTILIZING VARIOUS MULTIMODAL VOICE
Authors: Perangin-angin Alemina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Following the COVID-19 epidemic, a massive vaccination drive has impacted the global social fabric. This article explains multimodal discourse analysis, often known as multimodal content analysis, a qualitative content analysis method. The term "multimodal discourse analysis" refers to studying different communication modalities. It also gives scholars an example of multimodal discourse analysis that they may use to guide future research and start a debate about the possible benefits and problems of using several forms of communication. It has been thoroughly described that this study exhibited multimodal voices that can be compatible or divergent, as in pragmatic dissociative echoing. According to the theoretical thrust of this analysis, some memes are (re)posted via social media (and, in some cases, become viral), and the prior voice(s) can be re-purposed (e.g., ridiculed or unknowingly misinterpreted). Overall, this research has significant theoretical and methodological implications for memes since it highlights the efficacy of multimodal voicing, intertextuality, and echoing notions. This study emphasizes the epistemological uncertainty in public and academic understandings of memes and voices that cannot be characterized unequivocally.

Keywords: meme, covid-19, multimodal social analysis, echoing, intertextuality
Pelayanan Screening Kesehatan Anak Usia Sekolah Di SDK Wehor Wilayah Puskesmas Haliwen Kecamatan Kakuluk Mesak
Authors: Naibili Maria Julieta Esperanca , Rua Yusfina Modesta , Asa Sefrina Maria Seuk 
Published: February 2023

Schools are one of the targets of the Community-Based Total Sanitation program in the form of an area that is a strategy for improving PHBS. School-age children (6-10 years) are the most vulnerable to disease transmission. Schools can also be a place of learning and a threat of disease transmission if not appropriately managed. On the other hand, the number of school children who reach 30% of the total population of Indonesia is the potential as an "Agent of Change" to promote health in schools, families, and communities. Service activities were carried out at SDK Wehor, Kabuna, Kakuluk Mesak District, Belu Regency, Province of East Nusa Tenggara. Service activities for class I (one) students. Health screening was carried out by counseling and demonstration methods using a phantom/mannequin model of children's teeth, toothbrush, microtoice, scales, tuning fork (fork), and Snellen Chart. The students were very enthusiastic about participating in health counseling and screening activities from the beginning to the end of the event. The level of dental and oral hygiene of school-age children (Wehor SDK) 95% of school-age children, especially in Wehor SDK, have nutritional status with obesity category as much as 35.3% eye and ear health of all normal students.
Histopathological evaluation of induced pulmonary fibrosis under the effect of montelukast
Authors: Mohammed Rabah Mahdi  , Wassan Abdul Kareem Abbas  , Ghaith Ali Jasim  
Published: February 2023

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease leading to scarring of the lung. There are several types of lung fibrosis as familial pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and others associated with non-specific

interstitial pneumonia. The most common type is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis which is an unknown cause. Lung fibrosis causes changes in the histology of the lung by the disappearance of the lung parenchyma, replaced by an inflammatory infiltrate, and mild thickening of the pulmonary artery. The management of pulmonary fibrosis included Azathioprine, corticosteroid, and N-acetyl cysteinyl in 2011 but in 2014 this guideline was removed and replaced by nintedanib and pirfenidone. This study used Pirfenidone, as standard therapy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, and montelukast is Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT) antagonist which binds to its receptor (CysLTE4) located on smooth muscle cells of the respiratory airway causing anti-inflammatory effect by inhibition of inflammatory markers as TGFβ1. Sixty male rats were divided into five groups,12 rats for each group where the control group received distilled water by gastric gavage, the induction group received bleomycin intratracheally as a single dose, the pirfenidone group received pirfenidone 50mg/kg, montelukast group received montelukast 20mg/kg and the combination group received a half dose of pirfenidone and montelukast. After twenty-eight days after the treatment with montelukast or pirfenidone sacrifice rats and collect the organ (lungs) from each group were then placed in buffer formalin 10% for histopathological study. After 14 days from bleomycin dose, results show that bleomycin cause massive disappearance of pulmonary parenchyma that was replaced by an inflammatory infiltrate and medial thickening of the pulmonary artery in all groups, but montelukast and pirfenidone show normal lung paranchyma and pulmonary artery after 28 days of treatment in pirfenidone, montelukast, and combination groups.
In conclusion, that bleomycin changes the histology of the lung causing induction of lung fibrosis in all groups after 14 days except control group but pirfenidone, montelukast, and combination of half dose of pirfenidone with a half dose of montelukast return the lung to normal architecture after 28 days of treatment.
Impact of antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms on adverse birth outcomes in Baghdad, Iraq: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ola Ali Nassr  , Mohammed Mahmood Mohammed  , Hind abdulkhaliq Showman  
Published: February 2023

Background: Psychiatric symptoms are common during pregnancy, potentially leading to an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. Studies assessing the impact of depression and/or anxiety on adverse birth outcomes in Iraq are currently lacking. This study aims to

determine whether depression and/or anxiety is independently associated with preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW).
Methods: A prospective cohort study included 352 pregnant women from outpatient clinics of Al-Yarmouk hospital and private clinics in Baghdad, Iraq from March 2021 to February 2022 using a convenience sampling. They were screened for depression using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during pregnancy and followed up to assess adverse birth outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors associated with adverse birth outcomes.
Results: The prevalence of PTB and LBW was 7.7% and 11.6%, respectively. After adjustment of all potential sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric confounders, depression was independently associated with giving birth to LBW neonate (odd ratio (OR):3.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.70, 7.79), but not PTB. Prevalence of LBW in depressed was 21.2% compared to 7.7% for non-depressed. LBW was also associated with a history of LBW and PTB. In contrast, anxiety did not seem to affect birth outcomes.
Conclusion: Depression during pregnancy, regardless of the trimester, is independently associated with a higher likelihood of giving birth to LBW neonates (OR: 3.64; 95% CI 1.70, 7.79). Effective interventions that target maternal depression are vital to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with LBW.
Behavioral Pharmacology as the Main Approach to Study the Efficiency of Potential Psychotropic Drugs: Analysis of Modern Methods (Review)
Authors: Semina I. I. , Baichurina A. Z. , Nikitin D. O. , Nikitina A. V. , Moustafine R. I. , Khutoryanskiy V. V. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Behavioral methods on laboratory animals are recognized as the main approach in studying the activity of potential psychotropic drugs and allow us to evaluate the main effects of new compounds, increase the possibility of predicting a successful outcome of future clinical trials.Text. This review article analyzes the main modern behavioral models in rodents that are widely used for screening and studying the pharmacological activity of potential psychotropic drugs. The advantages and disadvantages of each test are highlighted and complexes of behavioral methods are demonstrated that most conclusively confirm the reproducibility of the results obtained in clinical trials. The description and evaluation of behavioral methods that characterize the state of anxiety, which are used to screen for new compounds with anxiolytic activity (tests «Open field», «Dark-light chamber», «Elevated plus maze», «Sequence of rays»). The range of tests used to study cognitive functions and memory processes is widely presented (various mazes – T-shaped, U-shaped, radial maze, Barnes maze, E-maze; water mazes – Morris, T-maze) with a description of a comparative analysis and necessary conditions that ensure the reliability of information. An important direction in the field of behavioral pharmacology is the modeling of violations of social behavior and the study of approaches for its correction – the main methods necessary for the study of social behavior are presented in the review by the tests «Three-chamber social test», «Open field» extended test, etc.Conclusion. Behavioral pharmacology dictates the need for close interaction between preclinical and clinical stages of research in the framework of the development of translational medicine and the development of approaches that provide evidence for the reproducibility of the results obtained in clinical trials. It is also necessary to improve existing and develop new behavioral models of mental disorders and to search for new ways to study the mechanisms of formation of behavioral disorders.
Neurobiological Effects of Chemical Compounds of Species of the Genus <i>Astragalus</i> L. and Prospects for Their Use in Medicine (Review)
Authors: Berezutsky M. A. , Durnova N. A. , Matvienko U. A. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The genus Astragalus L. is one of the largest genera of flowering plants and includes at least 3,270 species. Individual species of this genus have long been used in traditional and scientific medicine. In recent years, species of the genus Astragalus L. have attracted attention because of the detection of a wide range of neurobiological effects in its representatives. The review presents an analysis of the literature data on experimental and partly clinical studies of various neurobiological effects of extracts and chemical compounds of species of this genus and the prospects for their use in medicine.Text. A variety of neuroprotective effects of these compounds has been established. In many cases, inhibition of oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the development of a number of neurodegenerative diseases, has been noted as a neuroprotective mechanism. Chemical compounds contained in representatives of this genus protect brain neurons from ischemic damage, the effects of neurotoxins and glutamate, and beta-amyloid deposition. These substances have been found to inhibit increased acetylcholinesterase activity and dimyelination processes. These compounds also improve cognitive functions, including memory and learning. Their anticonvulsant effect has been established. Of particular interest is the data indicating the possibility of using some chemical compounds contained in representatives of the genus Astragalus L. in therapy of mental diseases, particularly schizophrenia.Conclusion. The analysis of experimental works for the last ten years shows that extracts and chemical compounds of species of the genus Astragalus L. have a very heterogeneous spectrum of neurobiological action and, probably, may find application in the future as therapeutic agents in neurological and psychiatric practice. Unfortunately, in contrast to a large number of preclinical experiments, clinical trials of these compounds are sporadic. It is also noteworthy that less than one percent of the species of this genus have been investigated to date with respect to neurobiological activity. Thus, more extensive research, clinical trials, studies to standardize and establish therapeutic doses for humans of extracts and chemical compounds of species of the genus Astragalus L. are needed.
Simultaneous Determination of Major Molnupiravir Metabolite (β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine) and Favipiravir in Human Plasma by HPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Komarov T. N. , Karnakova P. K. , Archakova O. A. , Shchelgacheva D. S. , Bagaeva N. S. , Shohin I. E. , Zaslavskaya K. Ya. , Bely P. A. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2). COVID-19 is now expected to stay with us for many years as a recurring disease. Molnupiravir and favipiravir are oral antiviral drugs with anti-RNA polymerase activity. The Russian Health Ministry has approved molnupiravir and favipiravir for the treatment of COVID-19. The study describes development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine and favipiravir in human blood plasma. The method could be applied in pharmacokinetic study of molnupiravir and favipiravir.Aim. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a HPLC-MS/MS bioanalytical method for the determination of β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine and favipiravir in human plasma.Materials and methods. The determination of β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine and favipiravir in human plasma by HPLC-MS/MS. The samples were processed by 0.1 % formic acid in acetonitrile. Internal standard: promethazine. Mobile phase: 0.01 mol/L Ammonium formate buffer solution (Eluent A), 0.1 % formic acid and 0.08 % aqueous ammonia in water/acetonitrile 10 : 90 (Eluent B). Column: Shim-pack GWS C18, 150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm. Analytical range: 50.00–10000.00 ng/mL for β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine, 250.00–20000.00 ng/mL for favipiravir in human plasma. Ionization source: electrospray ionization. Detection conditions: 260.00 m/z → 82.10 m/z, 260.00 m/z → 111.00 m/z, 260.00 m/z → 127.95 m/z (β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine); 156.15 m/z → 65.95 m/z, 156.15 m/z → 85.00 m/z, 156.15 m/z → 113.10 m/z (favipiravir); 285.05 m/z → 198.05 m/z (promethazine).Results and discussion. This method was validated by selectivity, suitability of reference standard, matrix effect, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, spike recovery, the lower limit of quantification, carry-over effect and stability.Conclusion. The HPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine and favipiravir in human plasma was developed and validated. The analytical range was 50.00–10000.00 ng/mL for β-D-N4-Hydroxycytidine, 250.00–20000.00 ng/mL for favipiravir in human plasma. This method was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of molnupiravir and favipiravir.
About Analytical and Technological Reasons of Out-of-Specification Results for Assay and Disolution Tests (Review)
Authors: Epshtein N. A. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Out of specification (OOS) results represent a major challenge in the development, validation and use of the Assay and Dissolution methods. The topic is relevant, which is confirmed by Internet search data for the phrase "Out-of-Specification" + "HPLC" – about 35,300 results were found.Text. The analytical and technological reasons (factors) that can lead to underestimated or overestimated test results are considered and systematized in the form of a summary table important for practice. These are the following factors. Factors associated with the calculation formula. Factors related to the preparation of samples. Factors related to the sample solvent and ratio of the pH the sample solution and the mobile phase. Factors associated with chromatograms and their processing. The main technological factors.Conclusion. Data and recommendations are presented to search for analytical and technological reasons for obtaining Out-of-Specification results in the case of tests Assay and Dissolution.
Identification and validation of a risk model and molecular subtypes based on tryptophan metabolism-related genes to predict the clinical prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in lower-grade glioma
Authors: Li Wenxia , Ling Ling , Xiang Lei , Ding Peng , Yue Wei 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundLower-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulating evidence have demonstrated that tryptophan metabolism is significant in tumor. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively clarify the relationship between tryptophan metabolism-related genes (TRGs) and LGGs.MethodsThe expression level of TRGs in LGG and normal tissues was first analyzed. Next, the key TRGs with prognostic value and differential expression in LGGs were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Subsequently, a risk model was constructed and Consensus clustering analysis was conducted based on the expression level of key TRGs. Then, the prognostic value, clinicopathological factors, and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) characteristics between different risk groups and molecular subtypes were analyzed. Finally, the expression, prognosis, and TIME of each key TRGs were analyzed separately in LGG patients.ResultsA total of 510 patients with LGG from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and 1,152 normal tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset were included to evaluate the expression level of TRGs. After LASSO regression analysis, we identified six key TRGs and constructed a TRGs risk model. The survival analysis revealed that the risk model was the independent predictor in LGG patients. And the nomogram containing risk scores and independent clinicopathological factors could accurately predict the prognosis of LGG patients. In addition, the results of the Consensus cluster analysis based on the expression of the six TRGs showed that it could classify the LGG patients into two distinct clusters, with significant differences in prognosis, clinicopathological factors and TIME between these two clusters. Finally, we validated the expression, prognosis and immune infiltration of six key TRGs in patients with LGG.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that tryptophan metabolism plays an important role in the progression of LGG. In addition, the risk model and the molecular subtypes we constructed not only could be used as an indicator to predict the prognosis of LGG patients but also were closely related to the clinicopathological factors and TIME of LGG patients. Overall, our study provides theoretical support for the ultimate realization of precision treatment for patients with LGG.
Total sleep deprivation selectively impairs motor preparation sub-stages in visual search task: Evidence from lateralized readiness potentials
Authors: Song Tao , Du Fangchong , Xu Lin , Peng Ziyi , Wang Letong , Dai Cimin , Xu Mengmeng , Zhang Ying , Shao Yongcong , Weng Xiechuan , Li Shijun 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMany studies have provided evidence of a damage effect triggered by total sleep deprivation (TSD). However, it remains unclear whether the motor preparation processing is affected by TSD.MethodsIn the current study, 23 volunteers performed a stimulus-response compatibility visual search task before and after TSD while undergoing spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG).ResultsRepeated-measures analysis of variance revealed that: Compared with that at baseline, the visual search task’s accuracy decreased after TSD, while the response time variance increased significantly. The peak amplitude of the stimulus-locked lateralized readiness potential (LRP) induced by a compatible stimulus was significantly more negative than that induced by an incompatible stimulus before TSD, whereas this difference was not significant after TSD. However, when taking sleep status into consideration, there were no significant main or interaction effects on response-locked LRPs.DiscussionOur findings suggest that TSD damages visual search behavior, selectively impairs the earlier sub-stages of motor preparation (sensory integration). These findings will provide a new perspective for understanding the effects of sleep loss.