bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3-D gravity inversion for the basement relief reconstruction through modified success-history-based adaptive differential evolution
Authors: Ekinci Yunus Levent , Balkaya Çağlayan , Göktürkler Gökhan , Ai Hanbing 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARY
A gravity inversion procedure using the success-history-based adaptive differential evolution (SHADE) algorithm is presented to reconstruct the 3-D basement relief geometry in sedimentary basins. We introduced exponential population size (number) reduction (EPSR) to reduce the computational cost and used self-adaptive control parameters to solve this highly nonlinear inverse problem. Model parametrization was carried out by discretizing the sedimentary cover via juxtaposed right prisms, each placed below each observation point. Resolvability characteristics of the 3-D inverse problem were revealed through some cost function topography landscapes. The fine-tuned control parameter namely, population number allowed us to get best benefit from the algorithm. Additionally, a stabilizing function as a relative constraint was used to avoid undesired effects originated from the ill-posedness of the problem. In the synthetic data cases, the strategy we propose outperformed the linear population number reduction strategy which has won various IEEE–CEC competitions so far. Thorough uncertainty assessments via probability density function and principal component analysis demonstrated the solidity of the obtained inverse models. In the real data case, residual gravity anomalies of two well-known major grabens of Aegean Graben System (Türkiye), calculated thanks to the finite element method, were inverted. It was determined that the inverse solutions obtained for these basement reliefs, whose depths are still controversial, are statistically reliable. Moreover, these depths were found to be less than the depths reported in most previous studies. We conclude that the SHADE using EPSR strategy that we propose is a powerful alternative inversion tool for highly nonlinear geophysical problems.
Moments of Random Quantum Marginals via Weingarten Calculus
Authors: Matsumoto Sho , McSwiggen Colin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The randomized quantum marginal problem asks about the joint distribution of the partial traces (“marginals”) of a uniform random Hermitian operator with fixed spectrum acting on a space of tensors. We introduce a new approach to this problem based on studying the mixed moments of the entries of the marginals. For randomized quantum marginal problems that describe systems of distinguishable particles, bosons, or fermions, we prove formulae for these mixed moments, which determine the joint distribution of the marginals completely. Our main tool is Weingarten calculus, which provides a method for computing integrals of polynomial functions with respect to Haar measure on the unitary group. As an application, in the case of two distinguishable particles, we prove some results on the asymptotic behavior of the marginals as the dimension of one or both Hilbert spaces goes to infinity.
Robust Near-Diagonal Green Function Estimates
Authors: Kassmann Moritz , Kim Minhyun , Lee Ki-Ahm 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We prove sharp near-diagonal pointwise bounds for the Green function $G_\Omega (x,y)$ for nonlocal operators of fractional order $\alpha \in (0,2)$. The novelty of our results is two-fold: the estimates are robust as $\alpha \to 2-$ and we prove the bounds without making use of the Dirichlet heat kernel $p_\Omega (t;x,y)$. In this way, we can cover cases, in which the Green function satisfies isotropic bounds but the heat kernel does not.
Association of a Polygenic Risk Score With Osteoporosis in People Living With HIV: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Schwenke Johannes M , Thorball Christian W , Schoepf Isabella C , Ryom Lene , Hasse Barbara , Lamy Olivier , Calmy Alexandra , Wandeler Gilles , Marzolini Catia , Kahlert Christian R , Bernasconi Enos , Kouyos Roger D , Günthard Huldrych F , Ledergerber Bruno , Fellay Jacques , Burkhalter Felix , Tarr Philip E ,   for the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Abela I , Aebi-Popp K , Anagnostopoulos A , Battegay M , Bernasconi E , Braun D L , Bucher H C , Calmy A , Cavassini M , Ciuffi A , Dollenmaier G , Egger M , Elzi L , Fehr J , Fellay J , Furrer H , Fux C A , Günthard H F , Hachfeld A , Haerry D , Hasse B , Hirsch H H , Hoffmann M , Hösli I , Huber M , Jackson-Perry D , Kahlert C R , Kaiser L , Keiser O , Klimkait T , Kouyos R D , Kovari H , Kusejko K , Labhardt N , Leuzinger K , Martinez de Tejada B , Marzolini C , Metzner K J , Müller N , Nemeth J , Nicca D , Notter J , Paioni P , Pantaleo G , Perreau M , Rauch A , Salazar-Vizcaya L , Schmid P , Speck R , Stöckle M , Tarr P , Trkola A , Wandeler G , Weisser M , Yerly S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Bone mineral density (BMD) loss may be accelerated in people with HIV (PLWH). It is unknown whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) is associated with low BMD in PLWH.

Methods
Swiss HIV Cohort Study participants of self-reported European descent underwent ≥2 per-protocol dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements ≥2 years apart (2011–2020). Univariable and multivariable odds ratios (ORs) for DXA-defined osteoporosis were based on traditional and HIV-related risk factors and a genome-wide PRS built from 9413 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with low BMD in the general population. Controls were free from osteoporosis/osteopenia on all DXA measurements.

Results
We included 438 participants: 149 with osteoporosis and 289 controls (median age, 53 years; 82% male, 95% with suppressed HIV RNA). Participants with unfavorable osteoporosis PRS (top vs bottom quintile) had univariable and multivariable-adjusted osteoporosis ORs of 4.76 (95% CI, 2.34–9.67) and 4.13 (1.86–9.18), respectively. For comparison, hepatitis C seropositivity, 5-year tenofovir disoproxil fumarate exposure, and parent history of hip fracture yielded univariable osteoporosis ORs of 2.26 (1.37–3.74), 1.84 (1.40–2.43), and 1.54 (0.82–2.9).

Conclusions
In PLWH in Switzerland, osteoporosis was independently associated with a BMD-associated PRS after adjustment for established risk factors, including exposure to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
Comparison of Resting State Functional Connectivity in Persons With and Without HIV: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thippabhotla Sharmila , Adeyemo Babatunde , Cooley Sarah A , Roman June , Metcalf Nicholas , Boerwinkle Anna , Wisch Julie , Paul Robert , Ances Beau M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
This study examined the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) in a large cohort of people with HIV (PWH) and healthy controls without HIV (PWoH). Within PWH analyses focused on the effects of viral suppression and cognitive impairment on RSFC.

Methods
A total of 316 PWH on stable combination antiretroviral therapy and 209 demographically matched PWoH were scanned at a single institution. Effects of the virus were examined by grouping PWH by detectable (viral load &gt; 20 copies/mL; VLD) and undetectable (VLU) viral loads and as being cognitively impaired (CI) (Global Deficit Score ≥ 0.5) or cognitively normal (CN). Regression analysis, object oriented data analysis, and spring embedded graph models were applied to RSFC measures from 298 established brain regions of interest comprising 13 brain networks to examine group differences.

Results
No significant RSFC differences were observed between PWH and PWoH. Within PWH, there were no significant differences in RSFC between VLD and VLU subgroups and CI and CN subgroups.

Conclusions
There were no significant effects of HIV on RSFC in our relatively large cohort of PWH and PWoH. Future studies could increase the sample size and combine with other imaging modalities.
The Legitimation of International Organizations: Introducing a New Dataset
Authors: Schmidtke Henning , Schirmer Swantje , Krösche Niklas , Lenz Tobias 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article introduces a new dataset on how international organizations (IOs) justify their authority. For a long time, IOs were believed to derive legitimacy from member-state consent and technocratic problem-solving capacities. Over recent decades, the growing politicization of IOs, political polarization within Western democracies, and power shifts in the international system have spurred IOs’ efforts to justify their right to rule, using a variety of legitimation practices. While research on the theory and practice of IO legitimation has grown considerably over the past decade, much of this work builds on case studies of prominent global and regional IOs. As a result, we lack data suitable for systematic comparative analyses across time, IOs, and world regions. The Legitimation Strategies of Regional Organizations (LegRO) dataset aims to narrow this gap, providing data on the standards, intensity, and modes of legitimation for twenty eight regional IOs from 1980 to 2019. These variables inform theoretical and policy-relevant research on contemporary global governance by providing the first systematic overview of IOs’ legitimation practices.
Instruction over Incentives: Assessing Reading Strategies for International Security Studies
Authors: Gilbert Danielle , Bezerra Paul , Becker Karin L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Discussion-based courses in international relations rely on students’ careful reading of complex texts in advance of class. However, instructors face a perennial problem: many students do not read effectively, or at all. We argue that students often want to, but do not always know how to, read such material effectively. With instruction and guidance on effective reading strategies, students can improve reading comprehension. To test our hypotheses, we measure the effects of (1) receiving course-preparation assignment worksheets (CPAs), (2) receiving critical/active reading strategies instruction, or (3) receiving both interventions (1) and (2) on students’ consumption of reading assignments and reading comprehension. Across four sections of an “International Security Studies” course, we tested our hypotheses using student self-assessment. Results indicate that both CPAs and reading strategies instruction increase student consumption and self-assessed comprehension of assigned material, but with intriguing nuance across the range of possible responses. Generally, no added benefit upon comprehension is realized by offering both treatments together. These effective reading strategies offer benefits beyond our classroom, imparting students with long-lasting skills and offering instructors easily adaptable activities for use in other courses.
Religion and (Global) Politics: The State of the Art and Beyond
Authors: Kratochvíl Petr 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The religion–politics nexus has become a thriving field within the study of global politics. However, the fast development has translated only into a moderate diversification of the research. Building on Bourdieu’s analysis of the social field, this paper argues that this limited pluralization is related to the strong heteronomy of the field. This heteronomy has three “concentric” sources—the dependence on the field of politics, the continued influence of the secularist bias of Western social science, and the dependence on the theoretical developments in the broader discipline of international relations. Methodologically, the article builds on a detailed analysis of eighteen top academic journals and their scholarly output related to religion in global politics.
The WHO costing and budgeting tool for national action plans on antimicrobial resistance—a practical addition to the WHOle toolkit
Authors: Glover Rebecca E , Naylor Nichola R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The development of national action plans (NAPs) for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been promoted and supported by the WHO, with recent support in the form of costing and budgeting tools to aid in finance-allocation decisions within governments.

Methods
In this brief report we review this WHO costing and budgeting tool, discuss the strengths and weaknesses, and consider its place alongside other health economics and policy-support tools developed.

Results
We call for future analyses of the costs of AMR NAPs to consider costs beyond that of only implementation, through use of other available, open-access data and tools. These include the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) data and One Health tools already within the existing ‘WHO toolbox’.

Conclusions
We suggest that future work on evaluating AMR along the impact pipeline use this toolbox where possible, ensuring empirical work is in turn open access.
Local labour tasks and patenting in US commuting zones
Authors: Divella Marialuisa , Lo Turco Alessia , Sterlacchini Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this article, we adopt a task approach to measure the local pool of capabilities which can more effectively spur innovation. By focusing on the core activities that workers undertake in their jobs, we build an abstract task intensity measure of occupations to proxy the ability in analysing and solving complex problems, as well as in coordinating and integrating people with different knowledge endowments, that should be especially relevant for the process of invention and innovation. We thus estimate the relationship between the local abstract intensity and the inventive performance, proxied by granted patents, of US Commuting Zones (CZs) during the period 2000–2015. The evidence provided, robust to a wide array of sensitivity checks, points to the extent of workers’ engagement in abstract tasks across CZs as a crucial determinant of the local inventive activity.
MHCII+CD80+ thymic eosinophils increase in abundance during neonatal development in mice and their accumulation is microbiota dependent
Authors: Gatti Dominique M , Gauthier Courtney M , Moeller Brandon E , FitzPatrick Rachael D , Kennedy Mia H E , Pluzhnikova Victoria , Conway Kate M E , Smazynski Julian , Chow Robert L , Reynolds Lisa A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Eosinophils are present in the thymus of mammals, yet their function at this site during homeostatic development is unknown. We used flow cytometry to determine the abundance and phenotype of eosinophils (here defined as SSchigh SiglecF+ CD11b+ CD45+ cells) in the thymus of mice during the neonatal period, the later postnatal period, and into adulthood. We show that both the total number of thymic eosinophils and their frequency among leukocytes increase over the first 2 wk of life and that their accumulation in the thymus is dependent on the presence of an intact bacterial microbiota. We report that thymic eosinophils express the interleukin-5 receptor (CD125), CD80, and IDO, and that subsets of thymic eosinophils express CD11c and major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII). We found that the frequency of MHCII-expressing thymic eosinophils increases over the first 2 wk of life, and that during this early-life period the highest frequency of MHCII-expressing thymic eosinophils is located in the inner medullary region. These data suggest a temporal and microbiota-dependent regulation of eosinophil abundance and functional capabilities in the thymus.
Myxoma of the upper lip: a case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Tilaveridis Ioannis , Kalaitsidou Ioanna , Karakostas Panagiotis , Tsavos Ioannis , Tilaveridou Sofia , Hliopoulos Michael , Zarampouka Katerina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Myxomas are rare neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, which consist of many undifferentiated stellate and spindle-shaped cells in abundant loose myxoid stroma with collagen fibers. A 74-year-old patient presented in our oral and maxillofacial department with a slow growing mass within the upper lip. The mass was surgically excised in the toto, followed by a histological and immunohistochemical examination. The findings revealed that it was a myxoma. These tumors are very rare and should be included in the differential diagnosis of damage of the upper lip. As long as the myxoma is properly removed, there is no risk of recurrence.
First Principles
Authors: Lemma Alessandra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The book’s main objective is to make the case for the centrality of applied ethics to psychoanalytic practice. It focuses on the articulation of an accessible framework for developing and exercising an identifiable method—an ethical self-discipline—to support therapists’ critical reflection on their psychoanalytic work with patients and to help them to approach more systematically the resolution of ethical dilemmas. The book integrates key concepts from the field of applied ethics, and bioethics specifically, and reinterprets them for use within a psychoanalytic framework. It provides applied examples and a dedicated chapter to how to teach ethics during psychoanalytic trainings and outlines a curriculum with specified readings to assist trainers.
Gastric cancer
Authors: Chevallay Mickael , Goetze Thorsten Oliver , Al-Batran Salah-Eddin , Mönig Stefan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Definitive treatment in the majority of cases of gastric cancer no longer relies on surgery alone but on the efforts of a multidisciplinary team. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are now pillars of treatment of gastric cancer and their use should be considered in each patient. Surgery should be evaluated even in metastatic disease. Patients should be evaluated in the multidisciplinary setting with appropriate input from surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists with extensive experience in the treatment of gastric malignancies. Especially in advanced gastric cancer, a multimodal approach will improve the outcome of the patient and should be proposed. This chapter summarizes the place of each part of the multimodal treatment for gastric cancer: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy.
The Palliative APRN in Administration
Authors: Mulvihill Karen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Palliative advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) are in a prime position to move into leadership roles. However, many APRNs receive inadequate education in leadership within graduate nursing education because graduate and doctoral programs do not provide skill development. Therefore, palliative APRNs interested in leadership roles must seek leadership education elsewhere or by trial and error. Moreover, they must seek opportunities to lead; but to do so, they need skills, coaching, and mentoring to be effective. There are many opportunities to learn leadership competencies from continuing education, professional organizations, and academic programs. Additionally, palliative APRNs need management skills for building teams and programs, communication skills to manage conflict, and change management theory to lead interdisciplinary teams.
The Palliative APRN in the Medical, Surgical, and Geriatrics Patient Care Unit
Authors: Whitehead Phyllis B. , White Carolyn 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the specialized role of the palliative care advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in the ever-changing acute care environment. More than 50% of all deaths occur in medical, surgical, and oncology units where the focus is on active, curative treatment, not on managing symptoms and establishing realistic goals of care. Palliative APRNs are uniquely qualified to care for seriously ill patients by providing comprehensive, effective, compassionate, and cost-effective care that improves end-of-life care in acute care settings. Care must be focused on patients with common conditions, including end-stage renal disease dementia, hip fractures, and oncological conditions and their associated sequalae.
The Palliative APRN in the Intensive Care Setting
Authors: Wiencek Clareen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Palliative care is an essential component of high-quality critical care. This chapter reviews the imperative for the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) with the skills needed to integrate palliative care into caring for critically ill patients and their families. Distressing symptoms are common in the critically ill and amenable to the intervention of palliative care clinicians. This chapter provides content on how the APRN, whether in a consultative or integrative role, can influence positive outcomes for critically ill patients in the areas of pain and symptom management, communication enhancement and family meeting structures, withholding and withdrawing of life-sustaining treatments, and the planning and implementation of quality improvement activities.
The Palliative APRN in Specialty Cardiology
Authors: Fahlberg Beth , Laramee Ann , Donaho Erin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States, accounting for approximately 655,000 deaths per year or 1 in every 4 deaths. However, despite this fact, palliative specialists infrequently participate in the care of patients with heart disease. Patients with cardiac conditions have unique needs, experiences, pathophysiologies, and treatments that necessitate a specialized approach to palliative care for this population. Patients with heart problems represent only 17.6% of Medicare patients who received the support of hospice. The advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) can promote individualized decisions. To do so, the APRN must understand common cardiac diagnoses, tests, treatments, and medications. The attitude of the patient with cardiac disease and the provider’s mindset will facilitate effective teamwork between the palliative APRN and cardiac team members.
The Palliative APRN in the Community Setting
Authors: DePace Nicole 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Community-based palliative care is developing rapidly, with increasing diversity in program design and reimbursement structures. Yet many patients living with serious illness still lack access to reliable community-based palliative services in their homes. Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) possess a unique skill set and are able to meet the complex needs of seriously ill patients and their families. APRNs are leaders in developing and providing community-based palliative care. In addition to expertise in comprehensive and holistic assessment skills, expert-level pain and symptom management, and advanced communication skills, the APRN needs to have an understanding of program structure and sustainability. The work of APRNs in community-based palliative care needs to be supported and the barriers to practicing at the highest level of ability and scope of practice need to be removed for the preservation of the role and to benefit patients with serious illness.
The Palliative APRN in Rehabilitation
Authors: Trainor Lorie Resendes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rehabilitation care is widely utilized in the United States. Patients entering rehabilitation care represent an increasingly frail and medically complex population. There are many benefits to receiving rehabilitation care at all stages of disease, including improved symptom management, physical function, and quality of life. There is significant overlap between rehabilitation and palliative care; both focus on patient-centered goals of care and are interdisciplinary in nature. The palliative APRN is a key member of the rehabilitation team in providing expert symptom management. They support patients and families as they navigate both sudden disability and chronic disease progression. The palliative APRN assists in setting realistic expectations of functional recovery and facilitating goals-of-care discussions in all rehabilitation settings.