bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New reports of morphological anomalies in leaf-nosed bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Colombia
Authors: García-Restrepo Sebastián , Andrade-Erazo María José , Castiblanco-Camacho Paula Juliana , Escobar-Aguirre Yuliana , Herreño-Rodríguez Paula Daniela , Carrero-Herrera Juan Esteban 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Morphological anomalies in bats are rarely reported. We present new reports of three types of morphological anomalies (chromatic, wing, and ear) from specimens in a biological collection and from individuals captured during field sampling. We recorded piebaldism on seven individuals from six species: Carollia perspicillata, Glossophaga commissarisi, Hsunycteris thomasi, Phyllostomus elongatus, and Trachops cirrhosus from Guaviare collected in 2022, and Tonatia saurophila from Casanare collected in 2020. These represent three new reports for the continent (P. elongatus, G. commissarisi, and H. thomasi). We also recorded the broken digits anomaly on two individuals from two species: Platyrrhinus sp. and Sturnira sp. from Chocó collected in 2019. In addition, we found one case of the absence of pinnae and tragus in C. perspicillata from Santander collected in 2018; an absence not previously reported in bats. We encourage researchers to report their observations of bats with morphological anomalies, as this information could be useful in estimating occurrence rates and addressing questions about its effects on populations.
DrosoPHILA: A Partnership between Scientists and Teachers That Begins in the Lab and Continues into City Schools
Authors: Laws Kaitlin M. , Natale Ent , Waddell Edward A. , Shuda Jamie R. , Bashaw Greg J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHere, we describe the development, structure, and effectiveness of an outreach program, DrosoPHILA, that leverages the tools of our fly neurodevelopmental research program at the University of Pennsylvania to reinforce the biology curriculum in local public schools. DrosoPHILA was developed and is sustained by a continued collaboration between members of the Bashaw lab, experienced outreach educators, and teachers in the School District of Philadelphia. Since the program’s inception, we have collaborated with 18 teachers and over 2400 students. Student outcome data indicates significant positive attitude shifts around science identity and grade-appropriate knowledge gains.
Language Experience during Infancy Predicts White Matter Myelination at Age 2 Years
Authors: Huber Elizabeth , Corrigan Neva M. , Yarnykh Vasily L. , Ferjan Ramírez Naja , Kuhl Patricia K. 
Published: February 2023

Parental input is considered a key predictor of language achievement during the first years of life, yet relatively few studies have assessed the effects of parental language input and parent–infant interactions on early brain development. We examined the relationship between measures of parent and child language, obtained from naturalistic home recordings at child ages 6, 10, 14, 18, and 24 months, and estimates of white matter myelination, derived from quantitative MRI at age 2 years (mean = 26.30 months, SD = 1.62,N = 22). Analysis of the white matter focused on dorsal pathways associated with expressive language development and long-term language ability, namely, the left arcuate fasciculus (AF) and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Frequency of parent–infant conversational turns (CT) uniquely predicted myelin density estimates in both the AF and SLF. Moreover, the effect of CT remained significant while controlling for total adult speech and child speech-related utterances, suggesting a specific role for interactive language experience, rather than simply speech exposure or production. An exploratory analysis of 18 additional tracts, including the right AF and SLF, indicated a high degree of anatomic specificity. Longitudinal analyses of parent and child language variables indicated an effect of CT as early as 6 months of age, as well as an ongoing effect over infancy. Together, these results link parent–infant conversational turns to white matter myelination at age 2 years, and suggest that early, interactive experiences with language uniquely contribute to the development of white matter associated with long-term language ability.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChildren’s earliest experiences with language are thought to have profound and lasting developmental effects. Recent studies suggest that intervention can increase the quality of parental language input and improve children’s learning outcomes. However, important questions remain about the optimal timing of intervention, and the relationship between specific aspects of language experience and brain development. We report that parent–infant turn-taking during home language interactions correlates with myelination of language related white matter pathways through age 2 years. Effects were independent of total speech exposure and infant vocalizations and evident starting at 6 months of age, suggesting that structured language interactions throughout infancy may uniquely support the ongoing development of brain systems critical to long-term language ability.
An actin remodeling role for Arabidopsis processing bodies revealed by their proximity interactome
Authors: Liu Chen , Mentzelopoulou Andriani , Muhammad Amna , Volkov Andriy , Weijers Dolf , Gutierrez‐Beltran Emilio , Moschou Panagiotis N 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCellular condensates can comprise membrane‐less ribonucleoprotein assemblies with liquid‐like properties. These cellular condensates influence various biological outcomes, but their liquidity hampers their isolation and characterization. Here, we investigated the composition of the condensates known as processing bodies (PBs) in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana through a proximity‐biotinylation proteomics approach. Using in situ protein–protein interaction approaches, genetics and high‐resolution dynamic imaging, we show that processing bodies comprise networks that interface with membranes. Surprisingly, the conserved component of PBs, DECAPPING PROTEIN 1 (DCP1), can localize to unique plasma membrane subdomains including cell edges and vertices. We characterized these plasma membrane interfaces and discovered a developmental module that can control cell shape. This module is regulated by DCP1, independently from its role in decapping, and the actin‐nucleating SCAR–WAVE complex, whereby the DCP1–SCAR–WAVE interaction confines and enhances actin nucleation. This study reveals an unexpected function for a conserved condensate at unique membrane interfaces.
Does kisspeptin exert a local modulatory effect on bovine ovarian steroidogenesis?
Authors: Mattar Dareen , Cheewasopit Warakorn , Samir Moafaq , Knight Phil G 
Published: February 2023

Kisspeptin, a hypothalamic neuropeptide encoded by the KISS1 gene, has a pivotal role in promoting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone secretion in mammals. Kisspeptin and its receptor (KISS1R) are also expressed in certain peripheral tissues including gonads, suggesting intra-gonadal roles. Such actions at the level of the bovine ovary have not been explored previously. The current aims were to determine whether KISS1 and KISS1R are expressed in the bovine ovary and whether kisspeptin or a kisspeptin antagonist can modulate ovarian steroid production by cultured ovarian cells. Granulosa cells (GC) and theca interna cells (TC) were collected from antral follicles (3–18 mm) categorized into five class sizes. Early, mid and regressing corpora lutea (CL) were also collected for RT-qPCR analysis of KISS1 and KISS1R expression. Bovine TC and GC cultured under both non-luteinizing (serum-free) and luteinizing (serum-supplemented) conditions were treated for 4 days with kisspeptin-10 (10–10–10–6M) or kisspeptin antagonist (kp234; 10–10–10–6M), alone and in combination with either follicle-stimulating hormone (GC), luteinizing hormone (TC) or forskolin (luteinized GC/TC). Steroid secretion (GC: oestradiol, progesterone; TC: androstenedione, progesterone; luteinized GC/TC: progesterone) was measured by ELISA and viable cell number determined by neutral red uptake assay. KISS1 and KISS1R transcripts were detected in TC, GC and CL with significant differences between follicle categories and CL stages. However, neither kisspeptin-10 nor kisspeptin antagonist affected steroid secretion or viable cell number in any of the four ovarian cell culture models. As such, the hypothesis that kisspeptin has a direct intraovarian role to modulate follicular or luteal steroidogenesis, or cell proliferation/survival, is not supported.

Lay summary
Kisspeptin-producing nerve cells (neurones) in the hypothalamus play a crucial role in controlling the reproductive system. Kisspeptin activates receptors on gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurones which, in turn, stimulate the pituitary gland to release gonadotrophins. Gonadotrophins act on the gonads (ovaries or testes) to regulate their function (e.g. ovarian follicle development and steroid production). Evidence has emerged in several species that kisspeptin and its receptor are also present in certain peripheral tissues, including the ovaries, suggesting ‘local’ actions. So far, few studies have investigated this. Here, we first show that both kisspeptin and its receptor are expressed by key ovarian cell types of cattle. However, we found that treating cultured bovine theca and granulosa cells with kisspeptin or kisspeptin antagonist did not modify steroid secretion. As such, the hypothesis that kisspeptin has a direct intraovarian role to modulate ovarian steroid production is not supported.
Linguistic Services for Hospitalized Children With Non-English Language Preference: A PRIS Network Survey
Authors: Rajbhandari Prabi , Glick Alexander F. , Brown Miraides F. , VanGeest Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Linguistic services, including verbal interpretation and written translation, are critical to providing equitable health care for families with non-English language preference (NELP). Despite evidence of provider disuse and misuse of linguistic services and resultant adverse outcomes, few studies have assessed the practices of pediatric hospitalists related to the use of linguistic services. Our objectives were to evaluate the current practices of communication and linguistic services used by pediatric hospitalists for hospitalized children with NELP and the barriers encountered in their use.

METHODS
We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional survey of pediatric hospitalist site leaders through the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Setting network, an independent, hospital-based research network. The survey was created through an iterative process and underwent a face validation process with hospitalists and a survey methodology expert.

RESULTS
We received responses from 72 out of 112 hospitalists (64%). Interpreter services were available widely; translation services were available in 49% of institutions. Difficulty accessing the services timely was reported as the most common barrier. Among respondents, 64% “strongly agree” or “somewhat agree” that they visit and give updates more frequently to English-speaking families than to NELP. Hospitalists reported using interpreter services “always” during 65% of admissions, 57% of discharges, and 40% on rounds.

CONCLUSIONS
Families with NELP do not receive appropriate linguistic care when hospitalized. Providers update English-speaking families more frequently than non-English speaking families. Future directions include optimizing workflow to reduce the time constraints on hospitalists and increasing the timeliness and quality of interpreters and translators.
A tentativa de assentamento de apátridas assírios no Brasil dos anos de 1930
Authors: Scandolara Daniel Lorenzo Gemelli 
Published: February 2023

O fim da Primeira Guerra Mundial, a dissolução de impérios multiétnicos e, consequentemente, a crise de refugiados e apátridas, representou um severo desafi o a diversos países, europeus ou não, no que diz respeito ao acolhimento de novos grupos sociais, culturais e nacionais. Entre estes países estava o Brasil, que desde o fim da Guerra, incentivara a imigração e que, após o Golpe de 1930, continuara com a mesma postura – não obstante, com adaptações críticas quanto à religiosidade e à etnia dos imigrantes. Vargas desejava a colonização de terras agricultáveis ociosas, ao mesmo passo que ansiava que isto fosse feito, a priori, por colonos brancos e católicos romanos. Nesta lacuna, portanto, inseriu-se um contingente de milhares de assírios feitos apátridas com o fim do confl ito mundial, os quais permaneciam tutelados pelo jugo britânico, mas precisavam, urgentemente, de um novo lar. Neste sentido, este artigo propõe uma avaliação da tentativa de assentamento de assírios no Brasil nos anos 30 através de olhares de teoria político-sociológica de identidade, migração e fronteiras. Com este intuito, buscamos não só levantar questões e trazer novas dúvidas, mas bem como conjecturar as razões da recusa do governo brasileiro de acolher tais assírios para além da questão racial, patente na sociedade brasileira daquele período. Para tal fim, o texto divide-se em duas partes: a primeira, de cunho historiográfi co e que relata os eventos ocorridos naquelas circunstâncias; e a segunda, que aproveita a informação de relato da seção anterior e lança luz a tais pelo uso de teoria político-sociológica.
Optimization of excitation and emission wavelengths for the UHPLC fluorescence detector for priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Authors: İzgi Belgin , Kander Selman 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are widely distributed in the environment and cause significant environmental damage. Furthermore, they endanger human health by polluting food from the natural environment and food processing. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately detect PAHs in various sample matrices, which requires precise, practical, and rapid detection methods. The purpose of this research is to develop a high sensitivity analysis method by analyzing the optimum excitation and emission wavelengths of EPA's 15 priority polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the UHPLC fluorescence detector (Acenaphthene, Anthracene, Benzo[a]anthracene, Benzo[b]fluoranthene, Benzo[k]fluoranthene, Benzo[ghi]perylene, Benzo[a]pyrene, Chrysene, Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, Fluoranthene, Fluorene, Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, Naphthalene, Phenanthrene, and Pyrene). An average of 17–25 analyses were performed for each polyaromatic hydrocarbon, and optimized excitation and emission wavelengths were obtained. LOD levels between 2 and 90 ppt were obtained with the method created in this direction. It is worth mentioning that the limits achieved for some PAH parameters are lower than those reported in the literature after pre-concentration steps.
Belief Formation in the Social Context: A Bayesian Decision Account
Authors: Rigoli Francesco 
Published: February 2023

A recent computational model argues that people’s beliefs arise from two basic sources: a motivation to be accurate plus other forms of motivation such as pursuing economic interests. Yet, this previous proposal has focused exclusively on the individual level of analysis, neglecting the question of how social contexts shape belief formation. The present paper addresses this by examining how group dynamics underpin the formation of beliefs. The argument is that different social groups vary in their beliefs because, at least to some degree, each group acquires different life experiences and is motivated by different incentives. At the same time, the proposal is that each group can influence other groups’ beliefs in three ways: by expressing opinions to other groups, by affecting the experiences acquired by other groups, and by setting incentives for other groups. This picture suggests that, within a community, three types of groups can often be identified: (a) the dominant groups, defined as those particularly capable of affecting other groups’ experiences and incentives; (b) the intellectual groups, regarded as those whose opinions are particularly influential; and (c) the subaltern groups, encompassing people with minimal power to affect beliefs of others. By examining influence dynamics among these groups, the paper investigates how consensus or disagreement emerge within a community. Altogether, the paper offers insight on the interaction between social dynamics and psychological mechanisms that contribute to shape people’s beliefs.
Information quality management of ambulatory outcome in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Nazarov A. M. , Kicha D. I. , Goloshchapov-Aksenov R. S. , Rukodaynyy O. V. , Koledinsky A. G. , Tolpygina S. N. 
Published: February 2023

Highlights. Using the big data databases of provided medical services belonging to the Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and the Unified State Healthcare Information System (USHIS), clinical and statistical analysis of ambulatory follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease was carried out, an algorithm was developed and the effectiveness of the presented information management technology was determined.Aim. To assess and justify the developed information management technology for the quality management of ambulatory follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on monitoring and analyzing electronic personified data on medical services.Methods. In 2018 the Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (TCMIF), the Medical Information and Analytical Center (MIAC) and healthcare organizations of the Orenburg Region implemented information management technology to assess the quality of ambulatory follow-up in patients with CAD, which is based on big data analysis of medical services and information integration “emergency medical services (EMS), hospital-TCMIF + MIAC-polyclinic”. To assess the effectiveness of the technology, the proportion of patients with myocardial infarction (MI), death from coronary artery disease, emergency hospitalizations and emergency calls for angina pectoris were compared. The study involved two groups of patients: 13 208 ambulatory patients with angina pectoris and 4017 patients without follow-up, according to the TCMIF reports in 2017. Out of the 13,208 patients with angina pectoris in 2019, 10,205 patients with continued follow-up presented with the same clinical endpoints. Patients with these unfavorable outcomes in proportion to the total number of patients in each group in 2017 and 2019 were compared as well.Results. The developed and implemented information management technology led to an increase in the number of ambulatory patients with angina pectoris from 63 to 69%, with MI from 78 to 87%, and a reduction of emergency calls and emergency hospitalizations of patients with angina pectoris in the region in 2017 and 2019.Conclusion. Information quality management of ambulatory follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease using electronic personalized data on medical services increases the number of ambulatory patients with angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and decreases the number of unfavorable outcomes of patients with angina pectoris.
Evaluation of hemodynamic significance for paraprosthetic fistula after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Ovcharenko E. A. , Onishchenko P. S. , Klyshnikov K. Yu. , Ganyukov V. I. , Shilov A. A. , Vereshchagin I. E. , Kokov A. N. , Tarasov R. S. , Barbarash L. S. 
Published: February 2023

Highlights. Using ECHO and MSCT data, a numerical assessment of hemodynamic effects of paraprosthetic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement was performed. A significant increase in the fluid flow, wall and viscous shear stresses in the area of regurgitation is shown. The modeling technique described in the paper can be used prospectively in assessing the optimal treatment modality in terms of predicting the quantitative characteristics of the flow, associated with the risks of destruction of red blood cells and thrombosisAim. To make a numerical assessment of hemodynamic effects of paraprosthetic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement based on retrospective clinical data.Methods. The study included echocardiography and multi-slice computed tomography data as input data for modeling one pulsation of a fluid similar in properties to blood. Reconstruction of the paraprosthetic fistula and the ascending aorta was performed in the Mimics medium (Materialise, Belgium). The obtained 3D models were processed in the Salome software (OPEN CASCADE SAS, France), after which they were exported to HELYX-OS (ENGYS, Great Britain) to build a finite element mesh. The flows were modeled using the OpenFOAM software package version 6 (The OpenFOAM Foundation Ltd, UK).Results. The simulation result, expressed quantitatively and qualitatively in the form of diagrams of the measured parameters – fluid flow velocities, wall and viscous shear stresses, shows a significant increase in indicators in the area of paraprosthetic regurgitation. Thus, the velocity in the affected area was 1.9–4.2 m/s, which is 3.8 higher than the average value in the entire computational area. The wall shear stress value was up to 61 Pa in the critical area, which may indicate an increased risk of thrombus formation due to the initiation of the clotting cascade through the von Willebrand factor. The value of viscous shear stress, the main component of the destruction of red blood cells in laminar flow, amounted to 20–26 Pa, which, in general, is not enough for mechanical hemolysis.Conclusion. The modeling technique described in the paper can be used prospectively in assessing the optimal treatment modality in terms of predicting the quantitative characteristics of the flow, associated with the risks of destruction of red blood cells and thrombosis.
Pathogenetic and clinical aspects of the development of acute coronary syndrome in influenza and COVID-19: vaccination issues
Authors: Zykov M. V. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: February 2023

Highlights. The new coronavirus infection necessitates mandatory vaccination of patients at high cardiovascular risk (in particular after myocardial infarction), including both COVID-19 vaccine and influenza vaccine, which represent an important condition for reducing mortality. At the same time, vaccination coverage among the population is still low, thus requiring a detailed analysis of clinical and pathogenetic components of this problem. The doctor's understanding of the most complex aspects of the problem will help achieve positive outcome in the treatment of patients who suffered from myocardial infarction, even before acquiring the data of specially planned studies.Abstract. This review contains current data on the relationship of viral infections with an increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, as well as on the role of vaccination in improving the prognosis after myocardial infarction. The literature search was carried out by using the websites of cardiological societies, as well as the PubMed, EMBASE, eLibrary databases using the following keywords: flu, influenza, new coronavirus infection, SARS-CoV2, COVID-19, vaccination, acute coronary syndrome. The pandemic of COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) dictates the need for urgent vaccination against COVID-19 and influenza in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The importance of this measure, as a clear condition in preventing further increase in mortality from cardiovascular diseases, should not be doubted. At the same time, the still remaining low percentage of vaccinations is one of the causal factors of high rates of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular pathology.