bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of cognition with protein energy wasting and synaptic transmission in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yang Xia , Quan Yujun , Wu Erzhong , Jiang Yuecheng , Song Qian , Li Yue , Li Qian , Sun Zhaolin , Yuan Jing , Zha Yan , Cui Xiaoli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction: In recent years, consciousness impairment in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) has been paid more and more attention, but the cause and mechanism of consciousness state change is not clear. Methods: As the hippocampus played a crucial role in consciousness, we explored the pathological and electrophysiological changes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) mouse hippocampus. Results: Whole‐cell recordings in hippocampal neurons showed that miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) frequency decreased, but the amplitude was unaltered in CKD_8w mice. In addition, α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole‐propionic acid receptor‐mediated EPSCs (AMPAR‐EPSCs) and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid receptor‐mediated EPSCs (NMDAR‐EPSCs) in hippocampal Schaffer collateral‐CA1 synapses displayed a significant decline in CKD_8w mice. Although the ratio of AMPAR‐/NMDAR‐EPSCs did not change, the paired‐pulse ratio (PPR) in CKD_8w mice increased. Intriguingly, the mEPSC frequency and AMPAR‐/NMDAR‐EPSCs amplitudes were positively associated with body weight, and the mEPSC frequency was negatively correlated with serum creatinine in CKD_8w mice, indicating a potential correlation between cognition and nutritional status in patients with CKD. To confirm the above hypothesis, we collected the clinical data from multiple hemodialysis centers to analyze the correlation between cognition and nutritional status. Conclusion: Our analysis indicated that protein energy wasting (PEW) was a possible independent risk factor for consciousness dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Our results provided a more detailed mechanism underlying the cognitive impairment (CI) in ESRD patients at the synaptic level. Last but not least, our results showed that PEW was a probable new independent risk factor for CI in cases with ESRD.
Earthquake Early Warning System (EEWS) empowered by Time‐Dependent Neo‐Deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment (TD‐NDSHA)
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wu Zhongliang , Romanelli Fabio , Vaccari Franco , Peresan Antonella , Li Jiawei , Panza Giuliano F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the network‐based on‐site earthquake early warning system (EEWS), the ‘blind zone’, namely the zone where the issued warning arrives later than the destructive S and surface waves, is one of the challenges affecting its effectiveness. The ‘blind zone’ is determined by the interstation distance, or equivalently the density of seismic stations, of the network. In this paper, we suggest a practical approach according to which, when in a region a temporary increase of seismic hazard is declared, additional stations are deployed in such a way that the blind zone is temporarily reduced. In the procedure, the time‐dependent neo‐deterministic seismic hazard assessment (TD‐NDSHA) plays a vital role in the identification of the regions potentially exposed to high macroseismic intensities. As a showcase example, we consider the scenario of year 2014 at the Sichuan‐Yunnan border of southwest China. The TD‐NDSHA is based on the standard NDSHA procedure at regional scale (bedrock conditions), with the ‘controlling earthquakes’ defined on the basis of the Annual Consultation. We show that the ‘blind zone’ can be reduced in the identified areas of interest (e.g., MMI ≥ VI), by deploying a limited number of additional seismic stations. In the case where false alarms can be tolerated, significant reduction of the ‘blind zone’ can be implemented by moving from a network‐based EEWS to a single‐sensor‐based EEWS and skipping the process of location and magnitude‐determination/prediction procedures.
Tissue‐mimetic culture enhances mesenchymal stem cell secretome capacity to improve regenerative activity of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro
Authors: Hodge Jacob G. , Decker Heather E. , Robinson Jennifer L. , Mellott Adam J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogenous population of multipotent and highly secretory cells currently being investigated in the field of wound healing for their ability to augment tissue responses. The adaptive response of MSC populations to the rigid substrate of current 2D culture systems has been considered to result in a deterioration of regenerative ‘stem‐like’ properties. In this study, we characterise how the improved culture of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) within a tissue‐mimetic 3D hydrogel system, that is mechanically similar to native adipose tissue, enhances their regenerative capabilities. Notably, the hydrogel system contains a porous microarchitecture that permits mass transport, enabling efficient collection of secreted cellular compounds. By utilising this 3D system, ASCs retained a significantly higher expression of ASC ‘stem‐like’ markers while demonstrating a significant reduction in senescent populations, relative to 2D. Additionally, culture of ASCs within the 3D system resulted in enhanced secretory activity with significant increases in the secretion of proteinaceous factors, antioxidants and extracellular vesicles (EVs) within the conditioned media (CM) fraction. Lastly, treatment of wound healing cells, keratinocytes (KCs) and fibroblasts (FBs), with ASC‐CM from the 2D and 3D systems resulted in augmented functional regenerative activity, with ASC‐CM from the 3D system significantly increasing KC and FB metabolic, proliferative and migratory activity. This study demonstrates the potential beneficial role of MSC culture within a tissue‐mimetic 3D hydrogel system that more closely mimics native tissue mechanics, and subsequently how the improved phenotype augments secretory activity and potential wound healing capabilities of the MSC secretome.
Optical mapping of contracting hearts
Authors: Kappadan Vineesh , Sohi Anies , Parlitz Ulrich , Luther Stefan , Uzelac Ilija , Fenton Flavio , Peters Nicholas S , Christoph Jan , Ng Fu Siong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOptical mapping is a widely used tool to record and visualize the electrophysiological properties in a variety of myocardial preparations such as Langendorff‐perfused isolated hearts, coronary‐perfused wedge preparations, and cell culture monolayers. Motion artifact originating from the mechanical contraction of the myocardium creates a significant challenge to performing optical mapping of contracting hearts. Hence, to minimize the motion artifact, cardiac optical mapping studies are mostly performed on non‐contracting hearts, where the mechanical contraction is removed using pharmacological excitation–contraction uncouplers. However, such experimental preparations eliminate the possibility of electromechanical interaction, and effects such as mechano‐electric feedback cannot be studied. Recent developments in computer vision algorithms and ratiometric techniques have opened the possibility of performing optical mapping studies on isolated contracting hearts. In this review, we discuss the existing techniques and challenges of optical mapping of contracting hearts.
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RyR2‐dependent modulation of neuronal hyperactivity: A potential therapeutic target for treating Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Yao Jinjing , Chen S. R. Wayne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that simply reducing β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques may not significantly affect the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is also increasing evidence indicating that AD progression is driven by a vicious cycle of soluble Aβ‐induced neuronal hyperactivity. In support of this, it has recently been shown that genetically and pharmacologically limiting ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) open time prevents neuronal hyperactivity, memory impairment, dendritic spine loss and neuronal cell death in AD mouse models. By contrast, increased RyR2 open probability (Po) exacerbates the onset of familial AD‐associated neuronal dysfunction and induces AD‐like defects in the absence of AD‐causing gene mutations. Thus, RyR2‐dependent modulation of neuronal hyperactivity represents a promising new target for combating AD.
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Políticas educativas y migración. Lecciones en contextos de neoliberalismo avanzado
Authors: Jiménez-Vargas Felipe Andrés 
Published: March 2023

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación en escuelas con alta matrícula de estudiantes extranjeros. En el marco de un sistema educativo, caracterizado por un modelo de neoliberalismo avanzado, y mediante técnicas cualitativas como la observación participante, el sombreamiento, análisis documental y entrevistas, se señala un conjunto de prácticas de resistencia adaptativas que dan lugar a tres giros que tensionan los mandatos del modelo: un giro afectivo, uno colaborativo y uno localista. Las discusiones reivindican el papel del profesorado, en tanto estos operativizan la inclusión educativa, además del rol que la diversidad juega hoy en día al interior de la arquitectura escolar.
Boundary Layer Investigations for Primarily Axial Flow Over a Stationary and Transversely Oscillating Cylinder
Authors: Eastridge Jonathan R. , Taravella Brandon M. , Srivastava Shivank 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Boundary layer information local to three longitudinal positions has been characterized for a 122 cm long acrylic cylinder with hemispherical endcaps, via analysis of stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements made during laterally oscillating motions and for steady, axisymmetric flow. No obvious turbulent flow structures or indications of boundary layer separation were observed at nonzero advance speeds, and skin friction coefficients were subsequently estimated for magnitude relative to the dynamic pressure associated with an axial flow speed of 0.25 m/s. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is performed in commercial software to accompany the experimental measurements. Local skin friction coefficients are estimated and deviate, on average, from analytical solutions for zero gradient axisymmetric flows by around 22% and from the accompanying numerical solutions by around 4%. The effects of intermittent boundary layer compression and turbulence inhibition are readily observed for the oscillating cylinder, although vortex shedding is observed for some large amplitude, high frequency cases.
Variable Cadence Gait Training Outcomes Using Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation Embedded in Older Adults’ Preferred Music
Authors: Larson Cathy A. , Roth Edward A. , Sterenberg Mahon Alycia J. , Crinion Michael , Fischer Kelsey , Yim Sun Hye , Smith Amy K. 
Published: March 2023

Older adults must have the ability to walk at variable speeds/distances to meet community demands. This single group pre–post test study’s purposes were to examine if actual cadences after 7 weeks of rhythmic auditory stimulation gait training matched target cadences, improved walking distance, duration, velocity, maximum cadence, balance, enjoyment, and/or changed spatial/temporal gait parameters. Fourteen female adults (72.6 ± 4.4 years) participated in 14 sessions, while variable cadences were progressively introduced. Eleven older adult responders walked faster (3.8 steps/min) than one target cadence (−10% pace) while matching the target cadences for the other paces when walking with rhythmic auditory stimulation. Two nonresponders walked near their baseline cadence with little variability while one walked at faster cadences; all three did not appear to adjust to the beat of the music. After training, participants increased their walking distance, 90.8 ± 46.5 m; t(1, 13) = −7.3; p ≤ .005, velocity, 0.36 ± 0.15 m/s; t(1, 40) = −15.4; p < .001, and maximum cadence, 20.6 ± 9.1 steps/min; t(1, 40) = −14.6; p < .001; changes exceeded minimal clinically important differences. Twelve of 14 expressed enjoyment. Walk with rhythmic auditory stimulation training is a promising activity for older adults, which may translate to an individual’s ability to adapt walking speeds to various community demands.
Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Survival Time in Older Adults: Path Analysis
Authors: Galvão Lucas Lima , Silva Rizia Rocha , Tribess Sheilla , Meneguci Joilson , Sasaki Jeffer Eidi , Santos Douglas de Assis Teles , Virtuoso Júnior Jair Sindra 
Published: March 2023

This study investigated the direct and indirect associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with survival time in older adults. Prospective population-based cohort study used exploratory survey-type methods and physical performance tests in 319 adults aged ≥60 years. Trajectory diagrams were used to represent the initial hypothetical and final models with the relationships of independent, mediating, and dependent variables. Physical activity was indirectly associated with survival time and was mediated by instrumental activities of daily living and functional performance. In contrast, instrumental activities of daily living, functional performance, the number of hospitalizations, and medications mediated the association between duration of sedentary behavior and survival time. The explanatory power of the final model was 19%. Future efforts should focus on increasing the participation and adherence of older adults to exercise programs to improve their physical functions and general health, which may increase their health period and, consequently, their survival time.
Prevalence and Sociodemographic Correlates of Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines Among Low-Income Brazilian Older Adults With Chronic Diseases
Authors: Soares Antonio Henrique Germano , Wendt Andrea , Crochemore-Silva Inácio , Martins Clarice , Barbosa Arthur Oliveira , de Barros Mauro Virgílio Gomes , Tassitano Rafael M. 
Published: March 2023

This study examined the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of meeting individual behavior and 24-hr movement behavior guidelines among Brazilian older adults with chronic diseases. The sample comprised 273 older adults aged ≥60 years (80.2% women) with chronic diseases from Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Sociodemographic variables were self-reported, while 24-hr movement behaviors were assessed by accelerometry. Participants were classified as meeting (or not meeting) individual and integrated recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior, and sleep duration. No participant met the 24-hr movement behavior guidelines, while only 8.4% met integrated MVPA/sleep recommendations. The prevalence of meeting recommendations of MVPA, sedentary behavior, and sleep was 28.9%, 0.4%, and 32.6%, respectively. Discrepancies according to sociodemographic variables on meeting MVPA recommendations existed. The findings show the need for dissemination and implementation strategies to foster adoption of the 24-hr movement behavior guidelines among Brazilian older adults with chronic diseases.
Embedment of sensing elements for robust, highly sensitive, and cross-talk–free iontronic skins for robotics applications
Authors: Shi Junli , Dai Yuan , Cheng Yu , Xie Sai , Li Gang , Liu Yuan , Wang Jingxiao , Zhang Ruirui , Bai Ningning , Cai Minkun , Zhang Yuan , Zhan Yifei , Zhang Zhengyou , Yu Cunjiang , Guo Chuan Fei 
Published: March 2023

Iontronic pressure sensors are promising in robot haptics because they can achieve high sensing performance using nanoscale electric double layers (EDLs) for capacitive signal output. However, it is challenging to achieve both high sensitivity and high mechanical stability in these devices. Iontronic sensors need microstructures that offer subtly changeable EDL interfaces to boost sensitivity, while the microstructured interfaces are mechanically weak. Here, we embed isolated microstructured ionic gel (IMIG) in a hole array (28 × 28) of elastomeric matrix and cross-link the IMIGs laterally to achieve enhanced interfacial robustness without sacrificing sensitivity. The embedded configuration toughens and strengthens the skin by pinning cracks and by the elastic dissipation of the interhole structures. Furthermore, cross-talk between the sensing elements is suppressed by isolating the ionic materials and by designing a circuit with a compensation algorithm. We have demonstrated that the skin is potentially useful for robotic manipulation tasks and object recognition.
Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer Risk via Inflammation, Part 1: The Effect of Physical Activity on Inflammation
Authors: Swain Christopher T.V. , Drummond Ann E. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , Lou Makayla W.C. , Boing Leonessa , Bageley Amy , Skinner Tina L. , van Roekel Eline H. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence may partially be mediated by inflammation. Systematic searches of Medline, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were performed to identify intervention studies, Mendelian randomization studies, and prospective cohort studies that examined the effects of physical activity on circulating inflammatory biomarkers in adult women. Meta-analyses were performed to generate effect estimates. Risk of bias was assessed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to determine the overall quality of the evidence. Thirty-five intervention studies and one observational study met the criteria for inclusion. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated that, compared with control groups, exercise interventions reduced levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.62 to 0.08), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −1.04 to −0.22), interleukin-6 (IL6, SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −0.97 to −0.13) and leptin (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.09). Owing to heterogeneity in effect estimates and imprecision, evidence strength was graded as low (CRP, leptin) or moderate (TNFα and IL6). High-quality evidence indicated that exercise did not change adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.14 to 0.17). These findings provide support for the biological plausibility of the first part of the physical activity—inflammation—breast cancer pathway.
Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Inflammation, Part 2: The Effect of Inflammation on Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Lou Makayla W.C. , Drummond Ann E. , Swain Christopher T.V. , Milne Roger L. , English Dallas R. , Brown Kristy A. , van Roekel Eline H. , Skinner Tina L. , Moore Melissa M. , Gaunt Tom R. , Martin Richard M. , Lewis Sarah J. , Lynch Brigid M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This review synthesized and appraised the evidence for an effect of inflammation on breast cancer risk. Systematic searches identified prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization studies relevant to this review. Meta-analysis of 13 biomarkers of inflammation were conducted to appraise the evidence for an effect breast cancer risk; we examined the dose–response of these associations. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-E tool and the quality of evidence was appraised with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Thirty-four observational studies and three Mendelian randomization studies were included. Meta-analysis suggested that women with the highest levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [risk ratio (RR) = 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.26] compared with women with the lowest levels. Women with highest levels of adipokines, particularly adiponectin (RR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61–0.91) had a reduced breast cancer risk, although this finding was not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis. There was little evidence of an effect of cytokines, including TNFα and IL6, on breast cancer risk. The quality of evidence for each biomarker ranged from very low to moderate. Beyond CRP, the published data do not clearly support the role of inflammation in the development of breast cancer.
Comparison of Unibody and Non-Unibody Endografts for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in Medicare Beneficiaries: The SAFE-AAA Study
Authors: Secemsky Eric A. , Song Yang , Sun Tianyu , Johnson Carmen Gacchina , Gatski Megan , Wang Li , Farb Andrew , Lee Robert E. , Shaw Aurko , Xu Jiaman , Yeh Robert W. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Concerns have been raised about the long-term performance of aortic stent grafts for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms, in particular, unibody stent grafts (eg, Endologix AFX AAA stent grafts). Only limited data sets are available to evaluate the long-term risks related to these devices. The SAFE-AAA Study (Comparison of Unibody and Non-Unibody Endografts for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in Medicare Beneficiaries Study) was designed with the Food and Drug Administration to provide a longitudinal assessment of the safety of unibody aortic stent grafts among Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods:
The SAFE-AAA Study was a prespecified, retrospective cohort study evaluating whether unibody aortic stent grafts are noninferior to non-unibody aortic stent grafts with respect to the composite primary outcome of aortic reintervention, rupture, and mortality. Procedures were evaluated from August 1, 2011, through December 31, 2017. The primary end point was evaluated through December 31, 2019. Inverse probability weighting was used to account for imbalances in observed characteristics. Sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate the effect of unmeasured confounding, including assessment of the falsification end points heart failure, stroke, and pneumonia. A prespecified subgroup included patients treated from February 22, 2016, through December 31, 2017, corresponding to the market release of the most contemporary unibody aortic stent grafts (Endologix AFX2 AAA stent graft).

Results:

Of 87 163 patients who underwent aortic stent grafting at 2146 US hospitals, 11 903 (13.7%) received a unibody device. The average age of the total cohort was 77.0±6.7 years, 21.1% were female, 93.5% were White, 90.8% had hypertension, and 35.8% used tobacco. The primary end point occurred in 73.4% of unibody device-treated patients versus 65.0% of non-unibody device–treated patients (hazard ratio, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.15–1.22]; noninferior
P
value of 1.00; median follow-up, 3.4 years). Falsification end points were negligibly different between groups. In the subgroup treated with contemporary unibody aortic stent grafts, the cumulative incidence of the primary end point occurred in 37.5% of unibody device–treated patients and 32.7% of non-unibody device–treated patients (hazard ratio, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.98–1.14]).

Conclusions:
In the SAFE-AAA Study, unibody aortic stent grafts failed to meet noninferiority compared with non-unibody aortic stent grafts with respect to aortic reintervention, rupture, and mortality. These data support the urgency of instituting a prospective longitudinal surveillance program for monitoring safety events related to aortic stent grafts.