bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yellow disease on pepper in Bangka, Indonesia: The symptoms, diversity and population of nematodes
Authors: Lesta  , Munif A , Nurmansyah A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Meloidogyne incognita and Radopholus similis are the primary pathogens that reduce crop losses by up to 60% and cause yellow disease in pepper in Bangka. Consequently, the research aims to know the distribution diversity and population of nematodes, plant parasites, and non-parasites alike and the symptoms of the yellow disease on pepper. This study was carried out by selecting samples of pepper with symptoms of the yellow disease from a field on Bangka Island. Samples of soil and root were taken from three symptomatic plants in each site and repeated three times. Nematodes were extracted from samples and identified based on morphological characters. The results showed that the dominant symptoms of the yellow disease were yellowing of the leaves, stiff and curved towards the stem, small brownish spots and large blackish-brown spots on the leaf surface, yellowing, and severe symptoms until the leaves fall. The nematodes/ 100 ml of soil were Meloidogyne spp. with a total population of 275 individuals, Criconemoides sp. 158.33 individuals, Rhabditida group 1350 individuals, Aphelenchus avenae 25 individuals, and Mononchida group 25 individuals. The nematodes/ 5 g of roots were Meloidogyne spp. with a population of 775 individuals, Radopholus similis 133.33 individuals, and Criconemoides sp. 16.67 individuals.
Mapping biological control research: A systematic review of 20 years of research in Indonesia
Authors: Novita R , Buchori D , Istiaji B , Seminar AU 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiological control research in Indonesia has a long history since it was started by Dutch scientists more than 100 years ago. Currently, the number of research has arisen, but there has been no systematic analysis of how this research produces technology that can be practiced in the field. This analysis is essential since it provides baseline information about biocontrol research and provides future research direction. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of biocontrol research conducted in Indonesia over the past 20 years. All articles were obtained from various databases using keywords related to biocontrol. A total of 437 articles were analyzed. We focussed our research on predators and parasitoids and found 269 articles related to parasitoids and predators. We found that biocontrol research in Indonesia was dominated by research on insect pathogens. Further analyses showed that research on identification and biology dominated most of the studies on predators and parasitoids. Almost all the research that was conducted addressed the basic biology of different types of natural enemies for different crops’ pests but has not addressed the full-scale host-parasitoid research that is needed to develop natural enemies that are ready to be released on a large scale. Four natural enemies have been reported in large-scale applications:Anagyrus lopezi, Lanius schach,Trichogrammaspp., andTetrastichus brontispae.There is limited research on the mass release of parasitoids or predators in the field. Most of the research on releases was focussed on the short-term establishment without long-term evaluation and measure of success. It leads to a knowledge gap in biological control research and should become one of the future research directions.
Mealybug (Planococcus spp. Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) as a pest on plantation crops and its control techniques: A review
Authors: Puspitasari M , Susilawati S , Hapsari A D , Harni R 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPlantation crops such as coffee and cacao are significant commodities that contribute to Indonesia’s national income through exports to other countries. However, pest infestations in the field reduce coffee and cacao production with the mealybug orPlanococcusspp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) being one of the pests that cause losses in both crops. The objective of this research was to carry out a desk review of the importance of controllingPlanococcusspp. in plantation crops, especially coffee and cacao. These insects infest the stems, undersides of leaves, and fruit. The population ofPlanococcusspp. can increase rapidly in a short period. The destructive stages of this insect are the nymph and adult suck plant sap hence inhibiting the development of the infested plant.P. citriandP. minorare species commonly found in plantation crops. Male insects have a life cycle of up to 27 days, while females have up to 115 days.Planococcusspp. produces a small amount of honeydew which attracts ants. Losses caused by this pest in plantation crops can reach 80-100% at the nursery. Damages can be higher if the pests are associated with ants such asAnoplolepis longipesbecause it will help spread the mealybug. In addition, the honeydew, excretion of mealybugs causes sooty mold and interferes with the photosynthesis process of plants. Cultural management can reduce the presence of these pests in the field. The strategies to control the pest in coffee and cacao plantations include; maintaining natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids, biological control such as entomopathogenic fungi and liquified smoke sprays, pheromones and botanical pesticides from plants containing repellents.
Trichoderma yunnanense and T. asperellum as potential biological agents for control of basal stem rot disease in oil palm
Authors: Budi M B S , Giyanto  , Tondok E T 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease is a main constrain in oil palm cultivation. Ganoderma boninense is known as a causal agent of this disease. The intensity of BSR disease continues to increase in both the vegetative and generative phases of oil palm plantations and causes significant losses. Biological control is one of the BSR disease control techniques and is believed to be able to support sustainable oil palm cultivation. Trichoderma spp. is a group of fungal biological agents commonly used to control BSR disease. This study aims to obtain Trichoderma spp. isolates to be developed further as biocontrol agents for BSR disease. The research stages included isolation, morphology-based identification, antagonist potency testing, characterization, and identification with molecular technique. The results in this research obtained one isolate of Trichoderma strain TSU from oil palm plantation at Pematang Siantar Regency, and one isolate of Trichoderma strain TGLP from oil palm plantation at Musi Banyu Asin Regency, which inhibited the growth of G. boninense was 90.9 and 93.9% respectively through dual culture test. Inhibition tests by volatile compounds showed growth inhibition of G. boninense by both isolates were 55.2 and 70.6%. Both Trichoderma strains have the characteristics of producing chitinase, glucanase, and indole acetic acid. Furthermore, molecular identification showed that the Trichoderma strain TSU was similar to the Trichoderma yunnanense strain CBS121219 with an identity percentage of 99.11%, and Trichoderma TGLP as Trichoderma asperellum strain 1A4 with a percent identity of 99.65%. With their antagonistic ability and characteristics, the two Trichoderma spp. isolates have the potential to be further developed as biological agents for controlling BSR caused by G. boninense.
Attractiveness preferences of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. to different composition volatile organic compounds of female inflorescence on clay, sandy, and peat soil type
Authors: Lubis F I , Agustin I , Mailisa I , Putra G I S , Taufiq  , Damayani C P , Lestari D T 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Preference of pollination insect Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. to the female inflorescence of oil palms influenced by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the receptive flowers. VOCs, one factor of the pollination process, need more intensive research to escalate the production value of oil palm, such as fruit set. However, some cases occur in the suboptimal area where pollination is un-optimal. This research aims to study the E. kamerunicus preferences for different VOCs composition from female inflorescence on clay, sandy, and peat soil type. This study used a modified olfactometer as the test equipment. The extraction VOCs of female inflorescence on three different soil types used the maceration method and was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) instrument. The percentage of attraction E. kamerunicus preference to female inflorescence on clay, sandy, and peat soil types were 40%, 33%, and 24%. GC-MS analysis results showed that VOCs were only detected on clay soil types with a content of 1.11%, known as an attractant, namely Benzene, 1-methoxy-4 (2-Propenyl). It can affect the variation of preference of E. kamerunicus to the female inflorescence.
Parasitoids associated to Ophelimus eucalypti (gahan) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) plantations in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Anisa R P , Hidayat P , Buchori D , Pratyadhiraksana G , Abad J I M , de S Tavares W , Tarigan M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) is planted to produce materials such as paper, pulp, viscose, and wood. The eucalyptus gall wasp, Ophelimus eucalypti (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), induces the formation of galls on the leaves of Eucalyptus in North Sumatra, Indonesia. However, the identity of parasitoids associated with O. eucalypti in the field is poorly known. The study aimed to identify the parasitoids and their most prevalent species associated with O. eucalypti. Leaves of Eucalyptus with parasitized galls were sampled from January to October 2021 at Toba, North Tapanuli, and Samosir districts, North Sumatra. The collected material was incubated in the laboratory until gall wasp adults for its parasitoids emerged. Nine hymenopteran parasitoids of O. eucalypti were recovered and identified via analysis of the external morphology. They are Aprostocetus causalis La Salle & Wu, Aprostocetus Westwood sp., Chrysonotomyia germanica Erdös, Chrysonotomyia Ashmead sp. 1, Chrysonotomyia sp. 2, Closterocerus chamaeleon Westwood (Eulophidae), Eurytoma Illiger sp. (Eurytomidae), Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle and Tetrastichinae sp. (Eulophidae). The prevalence of Chrysonotomyia spp. parasitoid was the highest in the collection. Therefore, those parasitoids can be considered potential candidates as biological agents in the strategy to control the leaf-gall former O. eucalypti.
Analysis of area typology and stakeholders’ interaction in the sustainable food agricultural land (SFAL) policy implementation
Authors: Wicaksono A , Prihatin SM , Purbawa Y 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The sustainable food agriculture land (SFAL) policy has been considered too difficult to be implemented at the local government level. This policy is ignored by the pressure on space requirements for profits to pursue higher local own-source revenue. There have been numerous previous qualitative studies on this policy implementation, yet little is known about the interaction of stakeholders who play a role in implementing this policy. We selected the East Java Province as the case study because it has the most extensive rice fields among other provinces, and its’ rice productivity level is above the national average. This paper aims to map the area’s potential for SFAL implementation and identify the interaction among the stakeholders behind the policy implementation using Mactor analysis. The analysis of area typology divides five regional types based on their ability to provide SFAL, and the municipalities tend to have less potential for SFAL implementation. The stakeholders’ interaction analysis results show the most substantial convergent interaction between farmers and Agricultural Office in both sample locations. In contrast, farmers established the most substantial divergent interaction with local leaders in Jember Regency, farmers with housing developers, and farmers with Regional Revenue Office in Lamongan Regency. The local leader in both locations shows the highest index of ambivalent stakeholders. In conclusion, the implementation of the SFAL policy heavily relies on the political will of the local leader. This study suggests that the local government as the policymaker needs to design the policies for determining the agricultural land that has added value besides its’ crop to protect the farmers’ interest amid the SFAL implementation.
Analysis of land cover change impacts on landscape services quality in Cisadane Watershed, Tangerang City
Authors: Qisthina N , Kaswanto RL , Arifin HS 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The increase in population and development in Tangerang City has caused impacts on environmental degradation. Tangerang City, located inside the Cisadane Watershed, is also affected by land cover changes, and decreasing landscape services value. The research aims to determine land cover changes from 2010 to 2020, changes in landscape services quality, and provide recommendations for management strategies for Cisadane Watershed in Tangerang City based on landscape services. The five indicators for landscape services assessment are carbon stock, biodiversity, landscape beautification, water management, and climate amelioration. The methods are field survey, remote sensing approach using Landsat Imagery, and SWOT analysis through stakeholder interviews. According to the findings, land cover has changed by 14.28% over the last ten years. The largest increase in land cover occurred in mixed gardens, while the agricultural field had the largest decrease. There is a decrease in five types of landscape services and showed less good condition quality. SWOT analysis indicates that the management of Cisadane Watershed in Tangerang City is in the “hold and maintain” position. The main strategy recommended is Penta helix management between Academician, Businessman, Community, Government, and Mass-media. Their collaboration may result in mutually beneficial policies that would help realize a sustainable landscape.
Treatment of plant growth regulating substance and modification of growing media to stimulate flowering of bougainvillea in air polluted streetscape
Authors: Ilham Alif Muhammad , Nasrullah Nizar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bougainvillea is a flowering shrub that has a robust and attractive character to use as road greenery. This plant can be used in a median and roadside for beautification, comfort, and safety of the road. However, it was unclear if the bougainvillea adapts to growth and produces enough flowers under the influence of air pollution in the road environment. This study aimed to determine the paclobutrazol concentration and the gravel thickness, which can stimulate the flowering of bougainvillea on the roadside. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design that consisted of two factors with three replications. The thickness of gravel media consisted of 0 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm, and plant growth regulating substance of paclobutrazol concentration consisted of 0 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and 200 ppm. The study showed that the fastest and most generated flowers were found in the treatment of gravel media as thick as 10 cm and paclobutrazol with a concentration of 200 ppm
The Chromosome of Phalaenopsis spp. and Doritaenopsis sp. Hybrid Induced by Colchicine
Authors: Hartati Sri , Samanhudi  , Cahyono Ongko , Wibowo Agung , Herviana Atria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
One way to improve the genetic diversity of orchid plants is by polyploidization using the antimitotic compound colchicine. This research was conducted to determine the ploidy level in several types of hybrid orchids (Phalaenopsis spp. and Doritaenopsis sp.) that applied 1,000 mgL−1 colchicine and to obtain polyploidy orchid yields to improve the genetic diversity of orchid plants. This research was carried out on August 2021 - March 2022 in the Screen House Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sebelas Maret and Integrated Laboratory Universitas Sebelas Maret. The method of this research uses squash preparation for chromosome analysis with the preparation materials used the meristematic flower bud of Phalaenopsis Shu Long ‘TS2904’, Phalaenopsis Chain Xen Moment, and Doritaenopsis Shu Long Purple Queen x OX King ‘3545’ which were not treated and has been treated with 1,000 mgL−1 colchicine. Orchid varieties that used as samples were three samples, then each sample had two treatments and was replication two times. There are twelve samples in all. The application of colchicine was made by wetting a cotton swab with 1 ml of colchicine solution in each treatment. Then the buds are wrapped with cotton and covered with carbon paper outside for two days. The results of this research showed that the Phalaenopsis Shu Long ‘TS2904’, Phalaenopsis Chain Xen Moment, and Doritaenopsis Shu Long Purple Queen x OX King ‘3545’ orchids which were treated with 1,000 mgL−1 colchicine each underwent polyploidization into tetraploid with the number of chromosomes 2n = 4x = 76. Phalaenopsis Shu Long ‘TS2904’, Phalaenopsis Chain Xen Moment, and Doritaenopsis Shu Long Purple Queen x OX King ‘3545’ have a relative length chromosome length, and have the same chromosome shape, namely metacentric.
Analysis of performance and agriculture-education-ecotourism (Agri-Edu-Ecotourism) development potential of Koto Kandis irrigation area, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra Province
Authors: Mahir Rachman Latief , Abrarinef Okhi , Darma Tarigan Suria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated the performance, efficiency, and effectiveness of the Kota Kandis Irrigation Area (KKIA) secondary irrigation network and the KKIA potential for agriculture, education, and ecotourism (Agri-Edu-Ecotourism) area. The data were obtained from field investigation and interviews of farmers for primary data and supported with secondary data gained by data collected from reports and related statistical data. The average inflow and outflow discharges were 367.31 and 304,90 liters/second, respectively, and creating water loss rate reached 18.53%. The irrigation distribution efficiency and effectiveness are 81.47% and 54.19%, respectively. It indicated that much water had not been properly distributed. The evaluation results of the technical and social aspects are still categorized as unsatisfactory. According to the PUPR Ministerial Regulations (2017), the Irrigation Performance Index (IPI) of KKIA is 69.5, categorized as poor. The damage level of irrigation infrastructure ranges from 20 to 40%. It is necessary to improve socialization, guiding, coaching, and extension activities to improve operations management, routine, and periodic maintenance and repair. The KKIA also has excellent potential to be developed for an Agri-Edu-ecotourism area.
Designing a framework for standardization and testing requirements for the solar-powered water pump system
Authors: Susanto D A , Kristiningrum E , Adinugroho T P 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Limited electricity networks and fuel access are problems in water supply, especially in remote areas. Implementing solar power for the pumping system is one solution to this problem. Installation of Solar Water Pumping Systems (SWPS) for remote areas is very beneficial from the triple bottom lines perspective of social, economic, and environmental. However, SWPSs cannot be utilized optimally and can experience problems and system failures if they do not follow procedures and best practices. Thus, standards and policies are needed. The development of quality parameters encountered problems due to the lack of information on the needs of stakeholders and the incomplete coverage of the required aspects. The barrier could lead to a long standard development process in reaching a consensus. This research aims to develop a framework for developing SWPS standards as stand-alone water pumping installations utilizing renewable energy for remote areas in Indonesia. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a Framework for Analysis, comparison, and Testing of Standards (FACTS). FACTS uses four main stages: stakeholder analysis, technical analysis, comparison with international standard parameters, and testing proposed quality parameters. This framework provides additional information on formalism and structure so that standards development applies to all stakeholders. The FACTS approach is commonly used in the standardization process, especially in its preparation. The result is a framework for preparing SWPS standard(s), so they can be advanced effectively throughout the stages of standard development.
Spectral pattern analysis of rice varieties with proximal sensing method and sentinel-2 imagery
Authors: Samsul Maarif Muhamad , Barus Baba , Syamsul Iman La Ode , Iskandar Wahyu , Hongo Chiharu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Rice growth monitoring through remote sensing devices, such as Sentinel-2 imagery has been widely used, yet the accuracy level is different due to variations in altitude and object reflectance. Proximal sensing provides site (ground-level) monitoring via high-resolution sensors. Spectroradiometer is a proximal sensing device that can continuously record the spectral pattern of an object. This research aims to examine the spectral pattern characteristic of Grendel sticky and Ciherang rice varieties based on proximal sensing and to investigate the relationship between the reflectance value of spectroradiometer measurements and Sentinel-2 image extraction. Based on the spectral pattern analysis, the Ciherang variety reached the maximum reflectance value for red-edge and NIR wavelength at 56 DAP (reproductive stage) and then decreased at 81 DAP (ripening stage). In comparison, the Grendel variety reached 81 DAP (reproductive stage) and dropped to 86 DAP (ripening stage). Based on linear regression, at 56, 81, 86, and 90, DAP indicated the reflectance values of spectroradiometer measurement are equivalent to the value of sentinel-2 image extraction with an average of R2 above 86%.
Developing water monitoring solutions with FIWARE defining, creating, populating, and extending digital twins
Authors: Lewis Gareth , Snider Brett , Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia Lydia , Chen Albert S , Djordjević Slobodan , Savić Dragan A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The water industry is often and unfairly criticised for being relatively slow to adopt IT as part of its operating processes. To address this, the FIWARE and Fiware4Water projects were tasked with developing open-source data definition, management, and processing, and applying it to the water sector. In this work, we are reviewing our experiences with developing FIWARE-based solutions for the aqua3s[1] and Fiware4Water[2] projects across the whole project lifecycle, from our initial of installing and learning to work with FIWARE context brokers[3], through building and maintaining synthetic digital twins for load and edge-case testing development and debugging and finally looking at longer-term data management and archiving. Through our work on these projects, we have started to develop a wealth of best-practice, strategic choices, and approaches to be avoided for successful and long-term context broker usage.