bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of water shortage impacts among tourism and farming companies on the islands of Öland and Gotland, Sweden
Authors: Foghagen Christer , Alriksson Stina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSustainable development requires clean water. In Sweden, water supply has historically been good, but a changed climate may alter that situation. Islands such as Öland and Gotland, which already have a strained water situation due to their location and bedrock, can be useful case studies for understanding how industries adapt and overcome obstacles in changing behaviour to be more sustainable. Focus groups and a postal questionnaire were conducted to study the water shortage mitigations of the tourism and agriculture industries. The results indicated four salient steps for these industries: awareness/knowledge, responsibility, behaviour and mitigation measures. While awareness was high among all respondents, the level of knowledge varied. Both the tourism and agriculture industries acknowledged their own responsibility but primarily placed the responsibility on each other and on other actors. All respondents had ideas about what behaviours needed to be changed in others, but not as much about their own behaviours, which is a natural consequence of the transfer of responsibility. Finally, there were many ideas for mitigation measures with the agricultural industry focusing on traditional approaches such as irrigation ponds and collecting rainwater, and the tourism industry having more innovative ideas such as re-circulating water and behaviour changes but had not progressed as far in their implementation. This study has shown that industries have different prerequisites and that providing them with tools to help them use preventive measures could speed up the transition to a more sustainable future.
Contextual factors influencing election results in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Reményi Péter , Gekić Haris , Bidžan-Gekić Aida , Sümeghy Dávid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElectoral geography tends to focus on the impact of geographical context on electoral behavior recently and challenges the classical compositional approach. We analyze spatial contextual factors of the 2018 general elections of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the linear regression models based on the fault line theory result in wrong estimations in several municipalities, not fitting into the national pattern. Using spatial modelling, it is confirmed that the strong territorial base of Bosnian parties is shaped by spatial dependence and spatial spillover effects. In addition to the spillover effect of individual party performance, the indirect neighbourhood role of ethnicity, sectoral structure and education was also shown in some cases.
The impact of polarity score on real option valuation for multistage projects
Authors: Di Bari Antonio , Santoro Domenico , Tarrazon-Rodon Maria Antonia , Villani Giovanni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn most cases, the valuation of the investments characterized by various stages with a high level of uncertainty is done through the compound real option valuation (ROV). This decision making support can consider various types of uncertainty that can affects these investment phases, such as that linked to technology. Specifically, within the category of uncertain investments there are the broadband opportunities that can be valued as real options in order to quantify the risks associated with the investment. However, since ROV theory has no definitive way to determine model parameters based on market information, we propose one that can adjust them dynamically. In this paper, to include this aspect in the project valuation, we have unified the ROV with the sentiment analysis, a natural language processing technique that allows us to quantify the polarity of expressions in natural language numerically. In particular, the inherent risks related to the different phases of the project can be extracted from the information present in the surrounding environment and published in newspapers. From there, we obtain a sentiment score which, through appropriate manipulations, manages to modify the evaluation of the success probabilities of each stage. Then, we embed these success probabilities in the ROV in order to provide a valuation methodology that includes the impact of information on the investment decision.
A Chinese Remainder Theorem for partitions
Authors: Seethalakshmi Kayanattath , Spallone Steven 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet s, t be natural numbers and fix an s-core partition $$\sigma $$
σ
and a t-core partition $$\tau $$
τ
. Put $$d=\gcd (s,t)$$

d
=
gcd
(
s
,
t
)

and $$m={{\,\textrm{lcm}\,}}(s,t)$$

m
=

lcm

(
s
,
t
)

, and write $$N_{\sigma , \tau }(k)$$

N

σ
,
τ

(
k
)

for the number of m-core partitions of length no greater than k whose s-core is $$\sigma $$
σ
and t-core is $$\tau $$
τ
. We prove that for k large, $$N_{\sigma , \tau }(k)$$

N

σ
,
τ

(
k
)

is a quasipolynomial of period m and degree $$\frac{1}{d}(s-d)(t-d)$$

1
d

(
s
-
d
)

(
t
-
d
)

.
Resignation without relief: democratic governance and the relinquishing of parental rights
Authors: Slee Gillian , Desmond Matthew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSociologists have long studied the ways people resist oppression but have devoted far less empirical attention to the ways people resign to it. As a result, researchers have neglected the mechanisms of resignation and how people narrate their lived experiences. Drawing on 81 interviews with parents with past child protective services cases, this article provides an empirical account of resignation in an institutional setting, documenting how parents understand relinquishing their rights as a process of personalization, calculation, or socialization. Phenomenologically, parents typically confronted multiple barriers and setbacks simultaneously, the combined weight of which pressured them to “give up,” interpreting structural and institutional pressures as individual choice. This article accordingly identifies resignation as a crucial feature of democratic governance.
Testing the Roles of Perceived Control, Optimism, and Gratitude in the Relationship between General/Personal Belief in a Just World and WellBeing/Depression
Authors: Goodwin Tom C. , Williams Glenn A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBelief in a Just World (BJW) can be categorised into domains of how people view the fairness of their immediate social worlds (Personal Belief in a Just World–PBJW) and the wider world (General Belief in a Just World–GBJW). We conducted two studies with 179 (Study 1) and 364 (Study 2) participants to examine differential relationships that PBJW and GBJW could have in directly predicting mental wellbeing and depression and indirectly via three mediators of perceived control, optimism, and gratitude. Path analyses examined how well data from each study fit 13 different models. Models 1 to 4 tested whether PBJW directly and indirectly via the three mediators predicted wellbeing (Model 1) and depression (Model 3) and if GBJW likewise directly and indirectly predicted wellbeing (Model 2) and depression (Model 4). These four models had the best supported statistical fit for either Study 1 or 2 relative to other models. In both studies when explaining the effect of PBJW on wellbeing and depression, perceived control was the strongest mediator, followed by optimism, and then gratitude. When examining the effect of GBJW on wellbeing and depression, only perceived control and optimism were significant mediators. These studies affirm the need to assess GBJW and PBJW as separate phenomena, rather than combining these constructs or omitting PBJW, as is sometimes done.
„Eigentlich war es immer sonnenklar.“ Zur Invisibilisierung von formaler Organisation in Bewertungspraktiken
Authors: Wagner Gabriele , Guse Juan S. , Hasenbruch Monika 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag knüpft an eine aktuelle Debatte in der Bewertungssoziologie an, indem er sich der soziologischen Modellierung von Transsituativität in Bewertungspraktiken widmet. Während bisherige bewertungssoziologische Arbeiten mehrheitlich ihren Fokus auf spezifische Situationen legen, in denen Akteur:innen intersubjektiv aushandeln, was warum wie wertvoll ist, plädiert der Beitrag für den analytischen Gewinn eines organisationssoziologischen Zugangs. Formale Organisation, so wird gezeigt, setzt durch das Bereitstellen von Personen, Regeln und Infrastrukturen transsituative Wechselwirkungen zwischen den beteiligten Akteur:innen in Gang, die Bewertungsentscheidungen grundlegend prägen – und zwar in einer Weise, dienurim Kontext formaler Organisation möglich ist. Empirische Grundlage des Beitrags ist eine Studie zu Auswahlverfahren an zwei renommierten Kunsthochschulen. Anhand dieser Studie wird verdeutlicht, wie im Kontext formaler Organisation gegensätzliche Wertlogiken – in diesem Fall von Auswahlkommission und Verwaltung – trotz aller behaupteter Rivalitäten konfliktvermeidendend verwoben werden. Das Fazit lautet, dass Bewertungen sich im Kontext formaler Organisation nur nach außen überhaupt nur als „Situationen“ darstellen, indem ihre inhärente Organisationsförmigkeit von den Beteiligten gekonnt unsichtbar gehalten wird – und zwar mit den Mitteln der formalen Organisation.
Time-Dependent Evolution of Volume Fraction and Stability of Retained Austenite in a Hot-Rolled and Intercritically Annealed Al-Alloyed Medium-Mn Steel
Authors: Skowronek Adam , Grajcar Adam , Garcia-Mateo Carlos , Jiménez José A. , Petrov Roumen H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe development of superior mechanical properties in medium-Mn requires the optimization of microstructural parameters such as retained austenite (RA) stability, volume fraction, and morphology. The present work explores the possibility of using a continuous annealing approach instead of conventional batch annealing to perform an intercritical annealing (IA) treatment in a hot-rolled strip of an Al-alloyed 5Mn steel. Dilatometric studies were performed at a temperature of 680 ºC with soaking times ranging from 1 to 300 min to follow the microstructural changes as a function of time. The microstructures thus obtained were thoroughly characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM, TEM-EDS microanalysis and EBSD phase and orientation maps. It was observed that with increasing soaking times, the volume fraction of retained austenite gradually increases, albeit at the cost of its stability. The comparison of martensite start temperatures (Ms) based on the chemical composition of austenite at 680 ºC with that experimentally obtained at higher process temperature revealed the effect of the grain size on the reduction of RA stability for longer process times. Accordingly, mechanical tests results showed that the yield stress, tensile strength and hardness decrease with an increase in the IA soaking time.
miR-26b Targets CEP135 Gene to Regulate Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Proliferation and Migration by NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Yang Guangrun , Zhou Jiafu , Guo Zhong , Fan Lixia , Chen Bowen , Zhang Dapeng , Wen Haitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo screen microRNAs (miRNAs) and analyze their role in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development through differential analysis and cytological validation of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma dataset. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of NPC-related data were utilized to screen for differential miRNAs, downstream target genes and relevant pathways, and the relationships among them were verified by luciferase reporter assay and cell co-culture. To analyze the function of miRNAs and downstream target genes, a series of mimics, inhibitors or Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the downstream target genes were transfected into NPC cells or normal epithelial cells by cell transfection techniques. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), Transwell, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) apoptosis, and western blotting were adopted to determine the changes in cell activity, invasiveness, and apoptosis after differential miRNA and target gene overexpression or downregulation. Differential analysis of miRNA dataset showed that the expression of miR-26b was significantly downregulated in NPC, in agreement with the validation results of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. And downregulation of miR-26b expression in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells transformed the cells to tumors. CEP135 was identified as the miR-26b downstream target gene by mRNA dataset analysis, and a luciferase reporter test revealed a direct targeting link between the two. Upregulation of CEP135 levels in nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines increased cell activity, accelerated cell migration, and inhibited apoptosis. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that CEP135 exerted the above effects on cells via the NF-κB pathway, and co-culture with NF-κB pathway blockers reversed cell biological behavior to the level of the control group. MiR-26b downregulation leads to CEP135 overexpression and NF-κB pathway activation in NPC, which enhances proliferation, migration, and prevents apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Therefore, the study further clarifies the biological behavior mechanism of NPC and suggests new therapeutic options for NPC.
The role of trait emotional intelligence in predicting academic stress, burnout, and engagement in Japanese second language learners
Authors: McEown Kristopher , McEown Maya Sugita , Oga-Baldwin W. L. Quint 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe current study examined the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (TEI), academic stress, burnout, and engagement in Japanese undergraduate students learning English as a second language. One hundred eighty-four participants (females = 87, mean age = 19.7 years) completed two questionnaires, one administered at the beginning of the academic semester (i.e., baseline), and one administered at the end of the academic semester (i.e., follow-up). Structural equation modeling revealed that TEI factors predicted engagement and negatively predicted academic stress, while stress strongly predicted burnout. Cluster analysis and ANOVA revealed that participants with high TEI reported significantly lower scores for stress and burnout and higher scores for academic engagement (i.e., emotional and agentic) compared to participants with low TEI. In addition, exhaustion significantly increased between baseline and follow-up for participants with low TEI but not for participants with high TEI. For participants with high TEI, inadequacy significantly decreased whereas emotional engagement significantly increased between baseline and follow-up. Results suggest that increasing TEI may reduce academic stress and burnout while increasing engagement among second language learners in a Japanese context.
Donor Site Defect Coverage of the Forearm with Dermal Substitute After Harvesting Radial Forearm Free Flap for Phalloplasty: Is MatriDerm® Worth the Effort?
Authors: Burger Anna , Kiehlmann Marcus , Gruenherz Lisanne , Gousopoulos Epameinondas , Sohn Michael , Lindenblatt Nicole , Giovanoli Pietro , Rieger Ulrich Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn aesthetically and functionally pleasing phalloplasty is most commonly performed by a free radial forearm flap. However, the problem with donor site morbidity on the forearm remains unsolved. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the use of a dermal template such as MatriDerm® on the donor site significantly decreases the incidence of complications based on the Clavien–Dindo classification, such as wound healing disorders and reoperation rate, and if it could shortens the duration of hospital stay. A case series analysis was conducted at our institution. A total of 21 patients divided into two groups undergoing the phallic construction after the Gottlieb and Levine design in a single center underwent the donor site defect coverage either by MatriDerm® and split-thickness skin graft from the thigh or by full-thickness skin graft from the groin area. The use of MatriDerm® and split-thickness skin graft showed to have a statistically significant impact on the rate of complications (p = 0.008). Complications that were treated conservatively as well as that require surgical revision were significantly lower in the MatriDerm® group than in the full-thickness skin graft group (p = 0.002). Complications occurred not only at the forearm but also at the groin, where the full-thickness skin graft was harvested. The large dimension of the free radial forearm flap used for phalloplasty resulted in a significant donor site morbidity, leading to wound healing disorders, reoperations, and extended length of hospital stay. Therefore, we consider the use of dermal templates such as MatriDerm® as worth the additional effort and costs in this patient collective.
Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte: Die hermeneutischen Potenziale der Begriffshistorie
Authors: Dutt Carsten 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von notwendigen Differenzierungen im Begriff der Geistesgeschichte, der sich nicht auf die Erkenntnisprogrammatik und die Verfahrensweisen der gleichnamigen Schulrichtung der Literaturgeschichtsschreibung im ersten Drittel des 20. Jahrhunderts reduzieren lässt, erinnert der Beitrag an Daueraufgaben unseres Fachs. Welche Rolle begriffsgeschichtliche Erkenntnismittel in ihrer Erfüllung spielen, wird beispielbezogen und in normativer Orientierung am hermeneutischen Zielbegriff des Verstehens erörtert.
Developing synthetic sandstones using geopolymer binder for constraining coupled processes in porous rocks
Authors: Peltz Markus , Warr Laurence , Hale Sina , Blum Philipp 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is a current need for developing improved synthetic porous materials for better constraining the dynamic and coupled processes relevant to the geotechnical use of underground reservoirs. In this study, a low temperature preparation method for making synthetic rocks is presented that uses a geopolymer binder cured at 80 °C based on alkali-activated metakaolin. For the synthesised sandstone, the key rock properties permeability, porosity, compressive strength, and mineralogical composition, are determined and compared against two natural reservoir rocks. In addition, the homogeneity of the material is analysed structurally by micro-computed tomography and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and chemically by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It is shown that simple, homogenous sandstone analogues can be prepared that show permeability-porosity values in the range of porous reservoir rocks. The advance in using geopolymer binders to prepare synthetic sandstones containing thermally sensitive minerals provides materials that can be easily adapted to specific experimental needs. The use of such material in flow-through experiments is expected to help bridge the gap between experimental observations and numerical simulations, leading to a more systematic understanding of the physio-chemical behaviour of porous reservoir rocks.
Provenance-Preserving Analysis and Rewrite of Quantum Workflows for Hybrid Quantum Algorithms
Authors: Weder Benjamin , Barzen Johanna , Beisel Martin , Leymann Frank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractQuantum applications are hybrid, i.e., they comprise quantum and classical programs, which must be orchestrated. Workflows are a proven solution for orchestrating heterogeneous programs while providing benefits, such as robustness or scalability. However, the orchestration using workflows can be inefficient for some quantum algorithms, requiring the execution of quantum and classical programs in a loop. Hybrid runtimes are offered to efficiently execute these algorithms. For this, the quantum and classical programs are combined in a single hybrid program, for which the execution is optimized. However, this leads to a conceptual gap between the modeling benefits of workflow technologies, e.g., modularization, reuse, and understandability, and the efficiency improvements when using hybrid runtimes. To close this gap, we introduce a method to model all tasks explicitly in the workflow model and analyze the workflow to detect parts of the workflow that can benefit from hybrid runtimes. Furthermore, corresponding hybrid programs are automatically generated based on the quantum and classical programs, and the workflow is rewritten to invoke them. To ease the live monitoring and later analysis of workflow executions, we integrate process views into our method and collect related provenance data. Thus, the user can visualize and monitor the workflow in the original and rewritten form within the workflow engine. The practical feasibility of our approach is validated by a prototypical implementation, a case study, and a runtime evaluation.
The Global Rise of Criminal Background Checks
Authors: Rovira Marti 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe extensive use of criminal background checks—the request for information on prior convictions for non-judicial purposes—creates obstacles to a fair reentry of individuals with criminal records. Previous research has documented the growth in the use of criminal background checks in Western jurisdictions. However, much less is known about the evolution of criminal background checks in other parts of the world. In this study, I present and analyse an original dataset with information on requests for official criminal record certificates for non-judicial purposes in 52 countries. The results show that the reported use of criminal background checks for non-judicial purposes is rising in nearly every country measured. These findings advance our knowledge about the international character of a previously-ignored dimension of the globalisation of punitiveness.
Reducing energy poverty in small rural communities through in situ electricity generation
Authors: Lozano Francisco J. , Lozano Rodrigo , Lozano-García Diego F. , Flores-Tlacuahuac Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEnergy is key in achieving sustainable societies. There have been great efforts towards improving energy access worldwide. Despite the advances in energy access, energy poverty remains a major problem in many parts of the world, particularly in rural communities. Modern energy, in particular electricity, can help rural communities develop through improving education and health. During the last two decades, there have been improvements on bioenergy technological innovations, e.g. electricity generation from bioenergy from residual biomass from several agricultural crops in biorefineries. Most research has focussed on large biorefineries, with limited research on small-scale gasifiers’ location and contribution to energy poverty. This paper is aimed at assessing technological options to generate electricity in situ from biomass to reduce energy poverty of rural communities. This is done using four analysis methods: (1) crops availability data; (2) poverty and marginalisation data; (3) electricity provision/distribution; and, (4) GIS/Geographical latitude and longitude to locate municipalities in Mexico. The results shows that the generating potential for electricity using residual biomass with gasifiers could improve the welfare of almost 10 million people communities using residual biomass from crops harvested in such communities. This research provides location solutions on the best places to locate small-scale biorefineries. The research also provides systemic analysis to reduce energy poverty through in situ electricity generation using cheap accessible small plant technologies and biomass as raw material, as well as their location. Generating electricity in a decentralised way through agricultural residual biomass can help lift rural communities from poverty and improve their well-being, and, thus, make societies more sustainable.