bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel families of membrane proteins from the

model plant Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ward John M. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Motivation: The completion of the Arabidopsis genome offers the first opportunity to analyze all of the membrane protein sequences of a plant. The majority of integral membrane proteins including transporters, channels, and pumps contain hydrophobic \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \({\alpha}\) \end{document}-helices and can be selected based on TransMembrane Spanning (TMS) domain prediction. By clustering the predicted membrane proteins based on sequence, it is possible to sort the membrane proteins into families of known function, based on experimental evidence or homology, or unknown function. This provides a way to identify target sequences for future functional analysis.
Results: An automated approach was used to select potential membrane protein sequences from the set of all predicted proteins and cluster the sequences into related families. The recently completed sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana , a model plant, was analyzed. Of the 25470 predicted protein sequences 4589 (18%) were identified as containing two or more membrane spanning domains. The membrane protein sequences clustered into 628 distinct families containing 3208 sequences. Of these, 211 families (1764 sequences) either contained proteins of known function or showed homology to proteins of known function in other species. However, 417 families (1444 sequences) contained only sequences with no known function and no homology to proteins of known function. In addition, 1381 sequences did not cluster with any family and no function could be assigned to 1337 of these.
Availability: Results from the analysis of all proteins of A.thaliana , source code for the programs, and links to primary data are available at the following WWW site: http://www.cbs.umn.edu/arabidopsis
Contact: jward@tc.umn.edu
Application of Bayesian Decomposition for analysing microarray
data
Authors: Moloshok T. D. , Klevecz R. R. , Grant J. D. , Manion F. J. , Speier W. F. , Ochs M. F. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Motivation: Microarray and gene chip technology provide high throughput tools for measuring gene expression levels in a variety of circumstances, including cellular response to drug treatment, cellular growth and development, tumorigenesis, among many other processes. In order to interpret the large data sets generated in experiments, data analysis techniques that consider biological knowledge during analysis will be extremely useful. We present here results showing the application of such a tool to expression data from yeast cell cycle experiments.
Results: Originally developed for spectroscopic analysis, Bayesian Decomposition (BD) includes two features which make it useful for microarray data analysis: the ability to assign genes to multiple coexpression groups and the ability to encode biological knowledge into the system. Here we demonstrate the ability of the algorithm to provide insight into the yeast cell cycle, including identification of five temporal patterns tied to cell cycle phases as well as the identification of a pattern tied to an ∼ 40 min cell cycle oscillator. The genes are simultaneously assigned to the patterns, including partial assignment to multiple patterns when this is required to explain the expression profile.
Availability: The application is available free to academic users under a material transfer agreement. Go to http://bioinformatics.fccc.edu/ for more details.
Contact: td_moloshok@fccc.edu; RKlevecz@coh.org; jd_ grant@fccc.edu; fj_ manion@fccc.edu; speier1@prodigy.net; m_ ochs@fccc.edu
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Race and Ethnicity–Adjusted Age Recommendation for Initiating Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Chen Tianhui , Kharazmi Elham , Fallah Mahdi 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceBreast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, and there is a substantial disparity in BC mortality by race, especially for early-onset BC in Black women. Many guidelines recommend starting BC screening from age 50 years; however, the current one-size-fits-all policy to start screening all women from a certain age may not be fair, equitable, or optimal.ObjectiveTo provide race and ethnicity–adapted starting ages of BC screening based on data on current racial and ethnic disparities in BC mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data on BC mortality in female patients in the US who died of BC in 2011 to 2020.ExposuresProxy-reported race and ethnicity information was used. The risk-adapted starting age of BC screening by race and ethnicity was measured based on 10-year cumulative risk of BC-specific death. Age-specific 10-year cumulative risk was calculated based on age group–specific mortality data without modeling or adjustment.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDisease-specific mortality due to invasive BC in female patients.ResultsThere were BC-specific deaths among 415 277 female patients (1880 American Indian or Alaska Native [0.5%], 12 086 Asian or Pacific Islander [2.9%], 62 695 Black [15.1%], 28 747 Hispanic [6.9%], and 309 869 White [74.6%]; 115 214 patients died before age 60 years [27.7%]) of any age in the US in 2011 to 2020. BC mortality per 100 000 person-years for ages 40 to 49 years was 27 deaths in Black females, 15 deaths in White females, and 11 deaths in American Indian or Alaska Native, Hispanic, and Asian or Pacific Islander females. When BC screening was recommended to start at age 50 years for all females with a 10-year cumulative risk of BC death of 0.329%, Black females reached this risk threshold level 8 years earlier, at age 42 years, whereas White females reached it at age 51 years, American Indian or Alaska Native and Hispanic females at age 57 years, and Asian or Pacific Islander females 11 years later, at age 61 years. Race and ethnicity–adapted starting ages for Black females were 6 years earlier for mass screening at age 40 years and 7 years earlier for mass screening at age 45 years.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study provides evidence-based race-adapted starting ages for BC screening. These findings suggest that health policy makers may consider a risk-adapted approach to BC screening in which individuals who are at high risk are screened earlier to address mortality due to early-onset BC before the recommended age of mass screening.
High‐Power and Ultrastable Aqueous Calcium‐Ion Batteries Enabled by Small Organic Molecular Crystal Anodes
Authors: Li Renjie , Yu Jingya , Chen Feiyang , Su Yaqiong , Chan Kang Cheung , Xu Zheng‐Long 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCalcium ion batteries (CIBs) are pursued as potentially low‐cost and safe alternatives to current Li‐ion batteries due to the high abundance of calcium element. However, the large and divalent nature of Ca2+ leads to strong interaction with intercalation hosts, sluggish ion diffusion kinetics and low power output. Herein, a small molecular organic anode is reported, tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI), involving carbonyl enolization (CO↔CO−) in aqueous electrolytes, which bypasses the diffusion difficulties in intercalation‐type electrodes and avoid capacity sacrifice for polymer organic electrodes, thus manifesting rapid and high Ca storage capacities. In an aqueous Ca‐ion cell, the PTCDI presents a reversible capacity of 112 mAh g−1, a high‐capacity retention of 80% after 1000 cycles and a high‐power capability at 5 A g−1, which rival the state‐of‐the‐art anode materials in CIBs. Experiments and simulations reveal that Ca ions are diffusing along the a axis tunnel to enolize carbonyl groups without being entrapped in the aromatic carbon layers. The feasibility of PTCDI anodes in practical CIBs is demonstrated by coupling with cost‐effective Prussian blue analogous cathodes and CaCl2 aqueous electrolyte. The appreciable Ca storage performance of small molecular crystals will spur the development of green organic CIBs.
High‐Efficiency Narrowband Multi‐Resonance Emitter Fusing Indolocarbazole Donors for BT. 2020 Red Electroluminescence and Ultralong Operation Lifetime
Authors: Fan Tianjiao , Du MingXu , Jia Xiaoqin , Wang Lu , Yin Zheng , Shu Yilin , Zhang Yuewei , Wei Jinbei , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolycyclic heteroaromatics with multi‐resonance (MR) characteristics are attractive materials for narrowband emitters in wide‐color‐gamut organic light‐emitting diodes. However, MR emitters with pure‐red colors are still rare and usually exhibit problematic spectral broadening when redshifting emission. Here, a narrowband pure‐red MR emitter is reported by fusing indolocarbazole segments into a boron/oxygen‐embedded skeleton, realizing BT.2020 red electroluminescence for the first time together with a high efficiency and an ultralong lifetime. The rigid indolocarbazole segment possesses a strong electron‐donating ability due to its para‐positioned nitrogen–π–nitrogen backbone and also enlarges the π‐extension of the MR skeleton to suppress structural displacement during radiation, achieving concurrently redshifted and narrowed emission spectrum. An emission maximum at 637 nm with a full width at half‐maxima of merely 32 nm (0.097 eV) is recorded in toluene. The corresponding device simultaneously exhibits CIE coordinates of (0.708, 0.292) precisely matching the BT.2020 red point, a high external quantum efficiency of 34.4% with low roll‐off and an ultralong LT95 (time to 95% of the initial luminance) of >10 000 h at 1000 cd m−2. These performance characteristics are superior even to those of state‐of‐the‐art perovskite and quantum‐dot‐based devices for this specific color, paving the way toward practical applications.
Self‐Guided Growth of Electronically Decoupled C60 on Graphene on Rh(110)
Authors: Guo Haojie , Martínez‐Galera Antonio J. , Gómez‐Rodríguez José M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe authors report on the behavior of C60 molecules adsorbed on graphene (Gr) monolayers grown on Rh(110), studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy under ultra‐high vacuum conditions. Fullerene molecules form a well‐ordered close packed hexagonal layout with an intermolecular distance of ≈1 nm. As demonstrated from the experimental data, the molecular packing direction of C60 is locally close to being aligned with the quasi‐1D moiré patterns formed by graphene on the metal support. Moreover, for certain orientations of graphene on Rh(110), the underlying moiré pattern appears superimposed on the molecular assembly. However, the analysis of the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital structures and the differential conductance curves of C60 on Gr/Rh(110) suggest a weak molecule–substrate interaction, similar to other 2D material/metal interfaces. All these observations can imply that the moiré structures of Gr/Rh(110) play a central role in the arrangement of C60, but without modifying its electronic properties, which makes this Gr/Rh(110) system a singular platform for C60 adsorption. Complementarily, the structural properties of multilayer growth of C60 on Gr/Rh(110) are also investigated.
Sustainable and Practical Superhydrophobic Surfaces via Mechanochemical Grafting
Authors: Celik Nusret , Akay Serdar , Sahin Furkan , Sezer Gulay , Dagasan Bulucu Esen , Ruzi Mahmut , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Onses Mustafa Serdar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe broad adoption of superhydrophobic surfaces in practical applications is hindered by limitations of existing methods in terms of excessive usage of solvents, the need for tedious and lengthy chemical processes, insufficient biocompatibility, and the high cost of materials. Herein, a mechanochemical approach for practical and solvent‐free manufacturing of superhydrophobic surfaces is reported. This approach enables solvent‐free and ultra‐rapid preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces in a single‐step without the need for any washing, separation, and drying steps. The hydrolytic rupture of siloxane bonds and generation of free radicals induced by mechanochemical pathways play a key role in covalent grafting of silicone to the surface of nanoparticles that leads to superhydrophobic surfaces with a water contact angle of >165° and a sliding angle of <2°. The direct use of industrially available and non‐functional silicone materials together with demonstrated applicability to inorganic nanoparticles of varied composition greatly contribute to the scalability of the presented approach. The resulting superhydrophobic surfaces are highly biocompatible as demonstrated by fibroblast cells using two different assays. Monolith materials fabricated from silicone‐grafted nanoparticles exhibit bulk and durable superhydrophobicity. The presented approach offers tremendous potential with sustainability, scalability, cost‐effectiveness, simplicity, biocompatibility, and universality.
The Role of Superadsorbent Polymers on Covalent Organic Frameworks‐Based Solid Electrolytes: Investigation of the Ionic Conductivity and Relaxation
Authors: Gullace Sara , Cusin Luca , Richard Fanny , Israfilov Nizami , Ciesielski Artur , Samorì Paolo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe scarcity of fossil fuels calls for immediate action toward the development of clean and renewable energy resources. In this context, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are gaining ever‐increasing attention as clean technology. Although covalent organic frameworks (COFs) do not usually exhibit high intrinsic proton conductivity (σ), they have been recently proposed as solid polymer electrolytes in PEMFCs, thanks to their high crystallinity and stability to acids and bases. Here, a simple strategy is presented to improve the performance of poor COF‐based proton conductors through addition of sodium polyacrylate (PANa) superadsorbent polymer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigations after activation at high temperature and relative humidity (RH) provide insights into the role of PANa, whose presence is key to preserve high σ at low RH. The humidity‐dependent X‐ray diffraction study reveals a strengthening of the stacking interaction along the COF (100) plane direction with increasing humidity, through the formation of H‐bonding, thus promoting proton hopping. The study of the dielectric properties as a function of PANa content enables to determine a Debye relaxation regime for the COF/PANa blend with a maximum relaxation frequency of 1513 and 6606 Hz for the pristine COF and the COF/PANa blend, respectively, at their maximum operating temperatures.
Carbon Nanodots Memristor: An Emerging Candidate toward Artificial Biosynapse and Human Sensory Perception System
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Chen Mohan , Pan Yelong , Li Yang , Wang Kuaibing , Yuan Junwei , Sun Yanqiu , Zhang Qichun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the era of big data and artificial intelligence (AI), advanced data storage and processing technologies are in urgent demand. The innovative neuromorphic algorithm and hardware based on memristor devices hold a promise to break the von Neumann bottleneck. In recent years, carbon nanodots (CDs) have emerged as a new class of nano‐carbon materials, which have attracted widespread attention in the applications of chemical sensors, bioimaging, and memristors. The focus of this review is to summarize the main advances of CDs‐based memristors, and their state‐of‐the‐art applications in artificial synapses, neuromorphic computing, and human sensory perception systems. The first step is to systematically introduce the synthetic methods of CDs and their derivatives, providing instructive guidance to prepare high‐quality CDs with desired properties. Then, the structure–property relationship and resistive switching mechanism of CDs‐based memristors are discussed in depth. The current challenges and prospects of memristor‐based artificial synapses and neuromorphic computing are also presented. Moreover, this review outlines some promising application scenarios of CDs‐based memristors, including neuromorphic sensors and vision, low‐energy quantum computation, and human–machine collaboration.
Fluorinated Vilsmeier Reagent: TFEDMA‐mediated Synthesis of Aryl‐cyanides and Aryl‐amides via the Activation of Oximes†
Authors: Yadav Arvind K. , Reddy Narra Srikanth , Zulfaqar Bacho Muhamad , Sumii Yuji , Shibata Norio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA convenient method for the activation of aryl‐oximes is reported using 1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoro‐N,N‐dimethylethylamine (TFEDMA) as a scalable and efficient reagent. Aryl‐aldoximes led to aryl‐cyanides while aryl‐ketoximes provided aryl‐amides in moderate to excellent yields. The iminium form of TFEDMA acted as a fluorinated version of the well‐known Vilsmeier reagent. Aryl cyanides and aryl amides are valuable synthetic units in natural products and drug candidates. The cyano group is also useful in polymer chemistry for the preparation of photovoltaic cells and LEDs.
Mapping bone microstructure trace element composition: Sr, Ba, Cu, and Pb in an early modern Danish skeleton
Authors: Milner George R. , Milner Hugh R. , Boldsen Jesper L. , Rasmussen Kaare L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesA Geographical Information System (GIS) approach enhances the acquisition, management, and analysis of trace element data from cortical bone. A high‐resolution spatial dimension expands the research potential of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) data from cortical bone cross‐sections. The chemical characterization of hundreds of osteons, notably sequences of superimposed osteons, permits more exacting studies of individual life histories than is possible with analyses of bulk bone samples.MethodsA GIS procedure was used to estimate Sr, Ba, Pb, and Cu concentrations, originally generated through LA‐ICP‐MS, for bone microstructural features, notably fragmentary and intact osteons, in a human femoral cross‐section. The skeleton is from Ribe, Denmark, and dates to the early modern period.ResultsPostmortem chemical alteration was limited to the bone's outer and inner margins. Two dietary indicators, Sr and Ba, and two socioeconomic indicators, Pb and Cu, measured for individual osteons were correlated with one another. Osteon sequences indicate concentrations of all four elements increased late in life for this individual.ConclusionsThe application of GIS procedures expedites fine‐grained analyses of variation in the distribution of trace elements in bone microstructure identifiable in cortical bone cross‐sections. It provides an efficient means of extracting the most information possible from LA‐ICP‐MS data about the lives of people in the past. Combining the two procedures makes it easier to track exposure to elements such as Pb across the part of an individual's life represented by osteon sequences.
Social housing temperature conditions and tenant priorities
Authors: Sansom Gemma , Barlow Cynthia Faye , Daniel Lyrian , Baker Emma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe social housing sector provides housing to some of society's most vulnerable people, disproportionately housing people with disabilities and chronic health conditions, the aged and people unable to work. These groups are often more susceptible to health impacts from poor temperature conditions within their home. In this paper, we examine temperature conditions in Australian social housing, explore tenant experiences and reflect on possible remediation responses. Using a novel contact‐free delivery protocol for data collection, temperature was measured in 36 social housing dwellings over a 3‐month springtime period. Semistructured interviews were conducted with occupants to better understand their experience of (adverse) indoor temperature conditions. On average, participants spent 35 per cent of time across the study period in temperatures outside the WHO guidelines (18–24°C). Most participants perceived their homes to be cold or very cold during periods of cold weather, and many considered energy unaffordable. Building conditions, such as poor sealing around windows and doors, lack of insulation and inadequacy of space heating appliances, were of greatest concern to participants. Participants' preferences for remediation work suggest that considerable benefit could be gained from making homes more energy efficient through draft sealing and insulation.
Creation of asymmetrically constructed cylindrical liquid crystal actuators with controllable thermal rolling
Authors: Chao Chia‐Hui , Chen Wei‐Chuan , Kuo Chung‐Yu , Liu Chun‐Yen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate a predesigned method for the fabrication of rolling direction controllable asymmetrically constructed cylindrical liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs). Cylindrical liquid crystal elastomers were fabricated by Michael addition, and the synthesized CLCE prepolymers were then uniaxially stretched with a twisted angle and fixed with UV polymerization. The synthesized asymmetrically constructed CLCEs reveal that the gravity center shifts from the geometric center, showing thermal actuation. The location of the asymmetric gravity center of each of the synthesized CLCEs was estimated. Based on the location of the gravity center, rolling direction control of the synthesized CLCEs was achieved. For one synthesized CLCE, both clockwise and counterclockwise rolling are possible depending on the location of the gravity center when it was placed on a hot plate. The creation of direction controllable cylindrical thermally sensitive LCE actuators is a novel skill, which opens a new avenue for the fabrication of smart functional materials.
Setting the stones to restore and monitor European flat oyster reefs in the German North Sea
Authors: Pineda‐Metz Santiago E. A. , Colsoul Bérenger , Niewöhner Miriam , Hausen Tanja , Peter Corina , Pogoda Bernadette 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Ecological restoration includes specific technical phases over the course of an ecosystem recovery process. In the marine environment and for oyster reef restoration, the installation and implementation of pilot reefs close the gap between feasibility studies with small‐scale experiments and designated upscaling for marine conservation measures.
Against this background, this study presents the design, planning and installation of the first pilot oyster reef in offshore sublittoral regions of the North Sea. The work was conducted as part of marine protected area management in the Natura 2000 site Borkum Reef Ground in the German Bight, in the area of historical offshore oyster grounds.
It includes logistical considerations, material selection, methodology for reef base construction and deployment of European flat oysters Ostrea edulis as spat‐on‐shell, young and adult single seed oysters, and spat‐on‐reef, as well as the development of an efficient monitoring approach for reef‐associated biodiversity.
Native Oyster Restoration Alliance monitoring methodologies, such as underwater visual census and seabed images were selected, tested and successfully adapted for the pilot oyster reef and study site. The evaluation and optimization of offshore sublittoral oyster reef monitoring are presented here, and biodiversity metrics are put into perspective with data from recent and historical studies.
Results show a few mobile fauna species (e.g., fish and decapods) as first colonizers after reef construction. One year later, biodiversity increased due to a larger number of invertebrate and fish species. However, the pilot oyster reef community still represents an early recolonization stage, with lower biodiversity than historical records.
This study presents a proof of concept for the design, planning and construction of an offshore oyster reef and indicates stages in the recovery process. Strategies to optimize and to complement reef‐monitoring in challenging environments are discussed, emphasizing additional molecular and functional analyses for future assessments.