bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic reprogramming of proinflammatory macrophages by target delivered roburic acid effectively ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis symptoms
Authors: Jia Na , Gao Yunzhen , Li Min , Liang Yi , Li Yuwen , Lin Yunzhu , Huang Shiqi , Lin Qing , Sun Xun , He Qin , Yao Yuqin , Zhang Ben , Zhang Zhirong , Zhang Ling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disorder that usually affects joints. It was found that roburic acid (RBA), an ingredient from anti-RA herb Gentiana macrophylla Pall., displayed strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, its medical application is limited by its hydrophobicity, lack of targeting capability and unclear functional mechanism. Here, we constructed a pH responsive dual-target drug delivery system hitchhiking RBA (RBA-NPs) that targeted both CD44 and folate receptors, and investigated its pharmacological mechanism. In rat RA model, the nanocarriers effectively delivered RBA to inflammatory sites and significantly enhanced the therapeutic outcomes compared with free RBA, as well as strongly reducing inflammatory cytokine levels and promoting tissue repair. Following analysis revealed that M1 macrophages in the joints were reprogrammed to M2 phenotype by RBA. Since the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages play important roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation in RA, this reprogramming is likely responsible for the anti-RA effect. Furthermore, we revealed that RBA-NPs drove M1-to-M2 phenotypic switch by down-regulating the glycolysis level via blocking ERK/HIF-1α/GLUT1 pathway. Thus, our work not only developed a targeting delivery system that remarkably improved the anti-RA efficiency of RBA, but also identified a potential molecular target to reversely reprogram macrophages though energy metabolism regulation.
The role of long non-coding RNA H19 in infertility
Authors: Peng Yuanyuan , Guo Renhao , Shi Bei , Li Da 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInfertility is defined as the failure to conceive after at least one year of unprotected intercourse. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that contain more than 200 nucleotides but do not convert into proteins. LncRNAs, particularly lncRNA H19, have been linked to the emergence and progression of various diseases. This review focuses on the role of H19 in infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, diminished ovarian reserve, male factor, and assisted reproductive technology-related pathology, highlighting the potential of H19 as a molecular target for the future treatment of infertility.
The role and risks of selective adaptation in extreme coral habitats
Authors: Scucchia Federica , Zaslansky Paul , Boote Chloë , Doheny Annabelle , Mass Tali , Camp Emma F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe alarming rate of climate change demands new management strategies to protect coral reefs. Environments such as mangrove lagoons, characterized by extreme variations in multiple abiotic factors, are viewed as potential sources of stress-tolerant corals for strategies such as assisted evolution and coral propagation. However, biological trade-offs for adaptation to such extremes are poorly known. Here, we investigate the reef-building coral Porites lutea thriving in both mangrove and reef sites and show that stress-tolerance comes with compromises in genetic and energetic mechanisms and skeletal characteristics. We observe reduced genetic diversity and gene expression variability in mangrove corals, a disadvantage under future harsher selective pressure. We find reduced density, thickness and higher porosity in coral skeletons from mangroves, symptoms of metabolic energy redirection to stress response functions. These findings demonstrate the need for caution when utilizing stress-tolerant corals in human interventions, as current survival in extremes may compromise future competitive fitness.
Unusual nuclear exchange within a germanium-containing aromatic ring that results in germanium atom transfer
Authors: Nishino Ryohei , Tokitoh Norihiro , Sasayama Ryuto , Waterman Rory , Mizuhata Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe delivery of single atoms is highly desirable for the straightforward synthesis of complex molecules, however this approach is limited by a lack of suitable atomic transfer reagents. Here, we report a germanium atom transfer reaction employing a germanium analogue of the phenyl anion. The reaction yields a germanium-substituted benzene, along with a germanium atom which can be transferred to other chemical species. The transfer of atomic germanium is demonstrated by the formation of well-defined germanium doped molecules. Furthermore, computational studies reveal that the reaction mechanism proceeds via the first example of an aromatic-to-aromatic nuclear germanium replacement reaction on the germabenzene ring. This unusual reaction pathway was further probed by the reaction of our aromatic germanium anion with a molecular silicon species, which selectively yielded the corresponding silicon-substituted benzene derivative.
Electrochemical oxo-functionalization of cyclic alkanes and alkenes using nitrate and oxygen
Authors: Nikl Joachim , Hofman Kamil , Mossazghi Samuel , Möller Isabel C. , Mondeshki Daniel , Weinelt Frank , Baumann Franz-Erich , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDirect functionalization of C(sp3)–H bonds allows rapid access to valuable products, starting from simple petrochemicals. However, the chemical transformation of non-activated methylene groups remains challenging for organic synthesis. Here, we report a general electrochemical method for the oxidation of C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)–H bonds, in which cyclic alkanes and (cyclic) olefins are converted into cycloaliphatic ketones as well as aliphatic (di)carboxylic acids. This resource-friendly method is based on nitrate salts in a dual role as anodic mediator and supporting electrolyte, which can be recovered and recycled. Reducing molecular oxygen as a cathodic counter reaction leads to efficient convergent use of both electrode reactions. By avoiding transition metals and chemical oxidizers, this protocol represents a sustainable oxo-functionalization method, leading to a valuable contribution for the sustainable conversion of petrochemical feedstocks into synthetically usable fine chemicals and commodities.
Profiling neuronal methylome and hydroxymethylome of opioid use disorder in the human orbitofrontal cortex
Authors: Rompala Gregory , Nagamatsu Sheila T. , Martínez-Magaña José Jaime , Nuñez-Ríos Diana L. , Wang Jiawei , Girgenti Matthew J. , Krystal John H. , Gelernter Joel ,   Traumatic Stress Brain Research Group, Alvarez Victor E. , Benedek David , Che Alicia , Cruz Dianne A. , Davis David A. , Girgenti Matthew J. , Hoffman Ellen , Holtzheimer Paul E. , Huber Bertrand R. , Kaye Alfred , Krystal John H. , Labadorf Adam T. , Keane Terence M. , Logue Mark W. , McKee Ann , Marx Brian , Miller Mark W. , Noller Crystal , Montalvo-Ortiz Janitza , Scott William K. , Schnurr Paula , Stein Thor , Ursano Robert , Williamson Douglas E. , Wolf Erika J. , Young Keith A. , Hurd Yasmin L. , Montalvo-Ortiz Janitza L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOpioid use disorder (OUD) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. While recent research suggests epigenetic disturbances in OUD, this is mostly limited to DNA methylation (5mC). DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) has been widely understudied. We conducted a multi-omics profiling of OUD in a male cohort, integrating neuronal-specific 5mC and 5hmC as well as gene expression profiles from human postmortem orbitofrontal cortex (OUD = 12; non-OUD = 26). Single locus methylomic analysis and co-methylation analysis showed a higher number of OUD-associated genes and gene networks for 5hmC compared to 5mC; these were enriched for GPCR, Wnt, neurogenesis, and opioid signaling. 5hmC marks also showed a higher correlation with gene expression patterns and enriched for GWAS of psychiatric traits. Drug interaction analysis revealed interactions with opioid-related drugs, some used as OUD treatments. Our multi-omics findings suggest an important role of 5hmC and reveal loci epigenetically dysregulated in OFC neurons of individuals with OUD.
The space cold atom interferometer for testing the equivalence principle in the China Space Station
Authors: He Meng , Chen Xi , Fang Jie , Chen Qunfeng , Sun Huanyao , Wang Yibo , Zhong Jiaqi , Zhou Lin , He Chuan , Li Jinting , Zhang Danfang , Ge Guiguo , Wang Wenzhang , Zhou Yang , Li Xiao , Zhang Xiaowei , Qin Lei , Chen Zhiyong , Xu Rundong , Wang Yan , Xiong Zongyuan , Jiang Junjie , Cai Zhendi , Li Kuo , Zheng Guo , Peng Weihua , Wang Jin , Zhan Mingsheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe precision of the weak equivalence principle (WEP) test using atom interferometers (AIs) is expected to be extremely high in microgravity environment. The microgravity scientific laboratory cabinet (MSLC) in the China Space Station (CSS) can provide a higher-level microgravity than the CSS itself, which provides a good experimental environment for scientific experiments that require high microgravity. We designed and realized a payload of a dual-species cold rubidium atom interferometer. The payload is highly integrated and has a size of $$460\,{\rm{mm}}\times 330\,{\rm{mm}}\times 260\,{\rm{mm}}$$

460

mm
×
330

mm
×
260

mm

. It will be installed in the MSLC to carry out high-precision WEP test experiment. In this article, we introduce the constraints and guidelines of the payload design, the compositions and functions of the scientific payload, the expected test precision in space, and some results of the ground test experiments.
Human alterations of the global floodplains 1992–2019
Authors: Rajib Adnan , Zheng Qianjin , Lane Charles R. , Golden Heather E. , Christensen Jay R. , Isibor Itohaosa I. , Johnson Kris 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFloodplains provide critical ecosystem services; however, loss of natural floodplain functions caused by human alterations increase flood risks and lead to massive loss of life and property. Despite recent calls for improved floodplain protection and management, a comprehensive, global-scale assessment quantifying human floodplain alterations does not exist. We developed the first publicly available global dataset that quantifies human alterations in 15 million km2 floodplains along 520 major river basins during the recent 27 years (1992–2019) at 250-m resolution. To maximize the reuse of our dataset and advance the open science of human floodplain alteration, we developed three web-based programming tools supported with tutorials and step-by-step audiovisual instructions. Our data reveal a significant loss of natural floodplains worldwide with 460,000 km2 of new agricultural and 140,000 km2 of new developed areas between 1992 and 2019. This dataset offers critical new insights into how floodplains are being destroyed, which will help decision-makers to reinforce strategies to conserve and restore floodplain functions and habitat.
Analysis of Covid-19 data using discrete Marshall–Olkinin Length Biased Exponential: Bayesian and frequentist approach
Authors: Aljohani Hassan M. , Ahsan-ul-Haq Muhammad , Zafar Javeria , Almetwally Ehab M. , Alghamdi Abdulaziz S. , Hussam Eslam , Muse Abdisalam Hassan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe paper presents a novel statistical approach for analyzing the daily coronavirus case and fatality statistics. The survival discretization method was used to generate a two-parameter discrete distribution. The resulting distribution is referred to as the "Discrete Marshall–Olkin Length Biased Exponential (DMOLBE) distribution". Because of the varied forms of its probability mass and failure rate functions, the DMOLBE distribution is adaptable. We calculated the mean and variance, skewness, kurtosis, dispersion index, hazard and survival functions, and second failure rate function for the suggested distribution. The DI index demonstrates that the proposed model can represent both over-dispersed and under-dispersed data sets. We estimated the parameters of the DMOLBE distribution. The behavior of ML estimates is checked via a comprehensive simulation study. The behavior of Bayesian estimates is checked by generating 10,000 iterations of Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques, plotting the trace, and checking the proposed distribution. From simulation studies, it was observed that the bias and mean square error decreased with an increase in sample size. To show the importance and flexibility of DMOLBE distribution using two data sets about deaths due to coronavirus in China and Pakistan are analyzed. The DMOLBE distribution provides a better fit than some important discrete models namely the discrete Burr-XII, discrete Bilal, discrete Burr-Hatke, discrete Rayleigh distribution, and Poisson distributions. We conclude that the new proposed distribution works well in analyzing these data sets. The data sets used in the paper was collected from 2020 year.
The Hebrew version of the adolescent and adult time inventory–time attitudes scales (AATI–TA): a validation study
Authors: Sommerfeld Eliane , Mello Zena R. , Worrell Frank C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, we examined the construct validity of scores on the Hebrew version of the Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory–Time Attitudes Scale (AATI–TA). The AATI–TA was translated into Hebrew by bilingual speakers, using the back-translation method. Participants included 452 young adults (Mage = 22.47, SDage = 1.98, 51.5% female). Several measures of psychological well-being were used to establish convergent validity, including scales assessing self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism, and depressive, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. Internal consistency estimates for AATI–TA scores were high and confirmatory factor analyses supported the six-factor structure. Correlational analyses indicated the expected relationships between time attitudes and measures of psychological well-being, providing convergent validity support for the AATI–TA scores. The findings of this study support the use of the Hebrew version of the AATI–TA in further studies about time attitudes.
Field performance of three mosquito collection methods for assessing the entomological efficacy of dual-active ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets
Authors: Yovogan Boulais , Adoha Constantin J. , Akinro Bruno , Accrombessi Manfred , Dangbénon Edouard , Sidick Aboubakar , Ossè Razaki , Padonou Gil G. , Messenger Louisa A. , Fassinou Arsène , Sagbohan Hermann W. , Agbangla Clément , Djènontin Armel , Odjo Esdras M. , Ngufor Corine , Cook Jackie , Protopopoff Natacha , Sovi Arthur , Akogbéto Martin C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelection of mosquito collection methods is of crucial importance to evaluate the impact of vector control tools on entomological outcomes. During a cluster randomised control trial evaluating the relative efficacy of two dual-active ingredient (a.i.) long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) compared to pyrethroid-only LLINs, we assessed the performance of different mosquito collection methods: Human landing catches (HLC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps, and pyrethrum spray catches (PSC). Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using three collection methods in 4 houses, in each of the 60 trial clusters at baseline and every quarter for 24 months using PSCs and HLCs, while CDC light traps were performed during two quarters only. Mean density of vectors collected per method per night was the highest with HLCs (15.9), followed by CDC light traps (6.8); with PSCs (1.1) collecting 10 times less mosquitoes than HLCs. All three collection methods collected fewer mosquitoes in the Interceptor G2® dual a.i. arm, compared to the other trial arms, although only HLCs and PSCs demonstrated strong evidence of this due to a greater number of collection rounds undertaken, than CDC light traps. The broadly similar results regarding the differential impact of the two dual a.i. LLINs showed by the three collection methods suggest that the more ethically acceptable, cheaper, and logistically simpler methods such as CDC light traps could be prioritised for use in large community trials for measuring the efficacy of vector control tools.
Microscale dynamics promote segregated denitrification in diatom aggregates sinking slowly in bulk oxygenated seawater
Authors: Ciccarese Davide , Tantawi Omar , Zhang Irene H. , Plata Desiree , Babbin Andrew R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSinking marine particles drive the biological pump that naturally sequesters carbon from the atmosphere. Despite their small size, the compartmentalized nature of particles promotes intense localized metabolic activity by their bacterial colonizers. Yet the mechanisms promoting the onset of denitrification, a metabolism that arises once oxygen is limiting, remain to be established. Here we show experimentally that slow sinking aggregates composed of marine diatoms—important primary producers for global carbon export—support active denitrification even among bulk oxygenated water typically thought to exclude anaerobic metabolisms. Denitrification occurs at anoxic microsites distributed throughout a particle and within microns of a particle’s boundary, and fluorescence-reporting bacteria show nitrite can be released into the water column due to segregated dissimilatory reduction of nitrate and nitrite. Examining intact and broken diatoms as organic sources, we show slowly leaking cells promote more bacterial growth, allow particles to have lower oxygen, and generally support greater denitrification.
Hydrogenation induced high-temperature superconductivity in two-dimensional W2C3
Authors: Wang Hao , Yin Xin-Zhu , Liu Yang , Li Ya-Ping , Ni Mei-Yan , Jiao Na , Lu Hong-Yan , Zhang Ping 
Published: July 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) W2C3 is a semimetal, but not a superconductor. After hydrogenation, 2D W2C3H2 is a superconductor with high Tc of 40.5 K, exceeding the McMillan limit. By applying 4% biaxial compressive strain, it's Tc can be further boosted to 49.1 K.
Cost‐effective upgrade of the Dutch traction power network: Moving to Bi‐directional and controllable 3 kV DC substations for improved performance
Authors: Panda Nanda Kishor , Poikilidis Michail , Nguyen Phuong H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTraction power networks can significantly influence a country's national grid due to their significant power consumption and numerous coupling points. To modernise the ageing Dutch traction power networks and enhance their impact on the utility grid, this study explores practical and cost‐effective approaches for upgrading existing 1.5 kV DC traction substations (TS) in the Netherlands into 3 kV bi‐directional DC TS. After evaluating the benefits of a 3 kV bi‐directional DC, two novel topologies are proposed that re‐use the existing substation's components and reduce the need for higher investments. These topologies incorporate parallel voltage source converters (VSCs) to recuperate braking energy from the DC grid and transfer it back to the AC grid. Furthermore, the study investigates additional use cases for the VSCs, including improving DC TS's reliability during faults, reducing harmonics through active power filtering, compensating for reactive power, and supporting the integration of renewable energy sources into the DC grid. A comprehensive control strategy for the VSCs is also proposed based on a thorough analysis of their working methodology and functional modes. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solutions are validated through scenario analysis relevant to the Netherlands' traction network, utilising both a Simulink model and an Opal‐RT real‐time simulator. This study serves as a starting point for the various stakeholders of the Dutch traction network in their journey towards modernising the current traction power supply. It has the potential to serve as a reference for reusing existing railway infrastructures to provide ancillary services and support the energy transition.
Significantly enhanced flashover voltage of epoxy in vacuum by graded surface roughness modification
Authors: Haq Inzamam Ul , Wang Feipeng , Akram Shakeel , Ahmed Muneeb , Nazir Muhammad Tariq 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe flashover strength of epoxy (EP) insulations in the High voltage direct current applications of future energy grids can be improved by tailoring their surface condition. This work aims to improve the DC surface flashover characteristics of EP after being treated with sandpaper of different gradings. Samples with virgin EP and homogenously modified EP considering varying surface roughness (Ra = 0.54, 3.16, 5.24, and 8.35 μm) are prepared. Different experimental characterisations, such as water contact angle, surface intrinsic conductivity, surface voltages, flashover strength, and trap distributions are conducted and evaluated to analyse the difference between virgin and treated EP. Moreover, based on the obtained experimental results of homogenously treated EP and theoretical analysis, the concept of surface functionally graded materials (SFGMs) is put forward. The flashover voltages of homogenously treated EP are augmented significantly compared to virgin EP regardless of the voltage polarity and enhanced by enhancing the surface roughness. The sample TModel‐C with SFGM design shows a 45.02% and 43.75% improvement in the negative and positive flashover voltages than that of the virgin EP. In the end, COMSOL simulations are conducted to justify the experimental findings and to analyse the difference between virgin and modified samples in terms of electric field distribution.
Russell Viper Venom: A Journey from the Bedside to the Bench and Back to the Bedside
Authors: Thachil Jecko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRussell Viper Venom (RVV) is widely used as a diagnostic test for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). But the history of how this venom came to be discovered is well known. Dr Patrick Russell is responsible for the identification of the venom during his work on snake bites in India while Dr Robert Macfarlane used it to staunch bleeding in persons with haemophilia. The ability to directly activate factor X led RVV to the laboratory diagnosis of APS. More recently, it has come back to clinical world with a potential for an engineered factor X activator from RVV to be used in the treatment of haemophilia.
Outcomes of Composite Grafts for Pediatric Fingertip Amputations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jester Noemi , Han Seunghee , Singh Manwi , Rao Avula Aishwarya , Sokhal Balamrit , Ma Yangmyung , Jester Andrea 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of composite grafts in fingertip amputations in children as well as the contributing factors that may affect outcomes.
Methods Literature search was conducted across six databases in March 2022 to select studies on the use of composite grafts on fingertip amputations in the pediatric population.
Results Twelve articles with 735 composite grafts were identified for review. Most fingertip injuries occurred in the less than 5-year age group and were due to crush type injuries. In studies that reported “complete” graft take as a separate outcome measure, 17.3% of fingertips with this result were observed. In the studies that reported “complete” and “partial” graft take together as an outcome measure, 81.6% of fingertips achieved this outcome. A lower proportion of failed graft take was observed in more distal fingertip amputations. Infection (3.8%) and nail abnormalities (3.4%) were the most common complications following composite grafting.
Conclusion Composite grafting can be considered as a useful method of treatment in this population. Clinicians should be aware of the potential complications following this method of treatment such as infection and nail abnormalities. More proximal fingertip amputations may warrant other surgical interventions (beyond Level II on the modified Ishikawa/Ishikawa classification). Significant heterogeneity was observed within the studies, mainly due to lack of standardization in assessment and reporting of outcomes.