bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Swart Enno , Gothe Holger , Ihle Peter 
Published: April 2023

Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen, Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,nach gut einem Jahr können wir nun das zweite AGENS-Supplement der GESU
vorlegen. Auch dieses Heft ist durch eine Vielfalt von methodischen und inhaltlichen
Beiträgen gekennzeichnet, die die Breite des Handwerkszeugs und der
Anwendungsgebiete der Sekundärdatenanalyse zeigen. Nach Berichten vom
vergangenen, erneut digitalen, AGENS-Methodenworkshop im Februar 2022 und einem
Sachstandsbericht aus einer AGENS-Projektgruppe zur wissenschaftlichen Nutzung von
PKV-Leistungsdaten folgen acht Beiträge zur Nutzung von
Sekundärdaten, GKV-Daten und anderen Datenquellen, in verschiedenen
Anwendungskontexten. Abschließend werden in einem Positionspapier
Überlegungen zur künftigen Ausgestaltung des sich im Aufbau
befindenden Forschungsdatenzentrums Gesundheit präsentiert.
Results of Unilateral Lateral Rectus Recession Surgery in 15 – 30 PD Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Ucar Fikret , Savas Cemil , Ture Huseyin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the surgical outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus muscle recession (ULR) with low surgical dosage in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) of 15 – 30 prism dioptres (PD).
Methods We retrospectively analysed 92 eyes of 92 patients who underwent ULR surgery with the diagnosis of IXT of 15 – 30 PD at distance fixation between January 2017 and June 2019. ULR surgery of 6.5 mm was performed for exotropia of 15 – 20 PD, 7.5 mm for that of 20 – 25 PD, and 8.5 mm for that of 25 – 30 PD and postoperative results were evaluated at the 1st week, 1st month, 6th month, and the 2nd year. Orthophoria or IXT less than 10 PD was accepted as successful.
Results The mean preoperative deviation angle at distance was 22.3 ± 4.4 PD. Mean postoperative deviation angles at distance were 2.5 ± 1.7, 3.9 ± 2.4, 6.5 ± 3.0, and 8.7 ± 3.1 at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 2 years, respectively. The surgical success rate of ULR was 100, 96.7, 84.7, and 77.1% at the 1st week, 1st month, 6th month, and the 2nd year, respectively. In the long-term results, there were no complications such as lateral gaze incomitance, overcorrection, or deterioration in stereopsis.
Conclusion Using the ULR technique, we were able to obtain effective surgical results in IXT with less surgical dosage and without any serious complications. ULR surgery can be used as an effective method in patients with IXT of 15 – 30 PD.
Anti-arthritis Effects of Zingiberaceae Extracts on Models of Inflammatory Joint Disease
Authors: Kongdang Patiwat , Ongchai Siriwan , Chiranthanut Natthakarn , Pruksakorn Dumnoensun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to this becoming an aging society, the number of arthritis cases has been increasing. Unfortunately, some currently available medications can cause adverse effects. Using herbal
remedies as a form of alternative medicine is becoming increasingly popular. Zingiber officinale (ZO), Curcuma longa (CL), and Kaempferia parviflora (KP) are herbal plants in the
Zingiberaceae family that have potent anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of ZO, CL, and KP extracts on in vitro and
ex vivo inflammatory models. The combinatorial anti-arthritis effect of each extract is also evaluated in an in vivo model. ZO extract preserves cartilaginous proteoglycans in
proinflammatory cytokines-induced porcine cartilage explant in a fashion similar to that of CL and KP extracts and suppresses the expression of major inflammatory mediators in SW982 cells,
particularly the COX2 gene. CL extract downregulates some inflammatory mediators and genes-associated cartilage degradation. Only KP extract shows a significant reduction in S-GAGs
release in a cartilage explant model compared to the positive control, diacerein. In SW982 cells, it strongly suppresses many inflammatory mediators. The active constituents of each extract
selectively downregulate inflammatory genes. The combined extracts show a reduction in inflammatory mediators to a similar degree as the combined active constituents. Reductions in paw
swelling, synovial vascularity, inflammatory cell infiltration, and synovial hyperplasia are found in the combined extracts-treated arthritic rats. This study demonstrates that a combination
of ZO, CL, and KP extracts has an anti-arthritis effect and could potentially be developed into an anti-arthritis cocktail for arthritis treatment.
Accessing Aryldifluoromethyl Derivatives through Alkene Insertion into Benzylic C–F Bonds
Authors: Zhang Zuxiao , You Mengwei , Bian Tiancen , Zhou Liejin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe report our formal insertion of alkenes into benzylic C–F bonds of electron-deficient perfluoroalkylarenes under organophotocatalytic conditions with Et3N·3HF as an external fluoride source. The absence of a fluoride scavenger or other external reductant permits the formation of a carbocation and its trapping by other nucleophiles. This three-component reaction represents one of the most efficient methods for preparing a variety of complex partially fluorinated organic molecules. This redox-neutral transformation features mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and extraordinary functional-group tolerance. Moreover, several examples of modifications of complex drug molecules further demonstrated its utility.
Comparison of Two-Point Compression Ultrasonography Performed by Emergency Medicine Doctors and Radiologists in Detection of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Öztürk Göknur , Selvi Fatih , Yıldız Günay , Atay Süleyman , Baltacıoğlu Bora , Bedel Cihan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious coagulation disorder that includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism and is an important cause of hospitalization and death. This study aimed to evaluate the compliance of the emergency doctor and radiologist in diagnosing DVT in the emergency department using the two-point compression ultrasonography (USG) method.
Patients and Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between February and July 2022 in the Emergency Medicine Clinic of a tertiary university hospital with patients who were thought to have DVT and had lower extremity venous USG indication. Demographic information of patients, clinical markers used in the Wells score, and USG results of the emergency doctors and radiologists were recorded in the study form.
Results A total of 400 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study patients was 59.8 ± 18.0 years, and 54.4% (n = 217) of the patients were male. There was a significant difference in the incidence of DVT between those with a Wells score of 2 or less and those above 2 (n = 67, 21.8% vs. n = 41, 47.1%; p < 0.001). Regarding interobserver agreement in the evaluation of DVT by emergency medicine doctor and radiologist, kappa values were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–0.91) for the right femoral vein, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81–0.97) for the left femoral vein. It was found to be 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76–0.86) for all lower extremity vein USGs.
Conclusions There is a very good level of agreement between the emergency department and the radiologist in diagnosing DVT with USG.
Facial Expressions as an Index of Listening Difficulty and Emotional Response
Authors: Venkitakrishnan Soumya , Wu Yu-Hsiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKnowledge about listening difficulty experienced during a task can be used to better understand speech perception processes, to guide amplification outcomes, and can be used by individuals to decide whether to participate in communication. Another factor affecting these decisions is individuals' emotional response which has not been measured objectively previously. In this study, we describe a novel method of measuring listening difficulty and affect of individuals in adverse listening situations using automatic facial expression algorithm. The purpose of our study was to determine if facial expressions of confusion and frustration are sensitive to changes in listening difficulty. We recorded speech recognition scores, facial expressions, subjective listening effort scores, and subjective emotional responses in 33 young participants with normal hearing. We used the signal-to-noise ratios of −1, +2, and +5 dB SNR and quiet conditions to vary the difficulty level. We found that facial expression of confusion and frustration increased with increase in difficulty level, but not with change in each level. We also found a relationship between facial expressions and both subjective emotion ratings and subjective listening effort. Emotional responses in the form of facial expressions show promise as a measure of affect and listening difficulty. Further research is needed to determine the specific contribution of affect to communication in challenging listening environments.
Time Scales and Moments of Listening Effort Revealed in Pupillometry
Authors: Winn Matthew B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article offers a collection of observations that highlight the value of time course data in pupillometry and points out ways in which these observations create deeper understanding of listening effort. The main message is that listening effort should be considered on a moment-to-moment basis rather than as a singular amount. A review of various studies and the reanalysis of data reveal distinct signatures of effort before a stimulus, during a stimulus, in the moments after a stimulus, and changes over whole experimental testing sessions. Collectively these observations motivate questions that extend beyond the “amount” of effort, toward understanding how long the effort lasts, and how precisely someone can allocate effort at specific points in time or reduce effort at other times. Apparent disagreements between studies are reconsidered as informative lessons about stimulus selection and the nature of pupil dilation as a reflection of decision making rather than the difficulty of sensory encoding.
Low Mortality among Under-5 Children with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A 5-Year Retrospective Analysis of 588 Admissions in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Akinrinoye Olugbenga Oyewumi , Labaeka Adeyinka Adeyemi , Fowobaje Kayode Raphael , Graham Hamish , Falade Adegoke Gbadegesin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the commonest cause of death in under-5 children worldwide. Although the mortality from CAP has decreased over the last decade, it is still unacceptably high in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to determine the case fatality rate (CFR), and factors associated with treatment failure and outcome, using recommended antimicrobials.
Methods A 5-year retrospective review of severe pediatric pneumonia admissions between August 1st, 2014 and July 31st, 2019 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria was conducted. Relevant clinical information including antibiotics use and outcome was analyzed using descriptive statistics, test of association, and logistic regression.
Results There were 588 children aged 2 to 59 months, male:female ratio was 1.5:1. About two-thirds were aged ≤12 months. The majority were fully immunized for age (87.2%), about 34% were malnourished and 68% were hypoxemic at presentation. Only 71% of children were commenced on the recommended first-line antibiotics following the Pediatric Association of Nigeria (PAN) antibiotic guidelines. Initial antibiotics were changed in 22.3% of the patients. The need to change intravenous (iv) amoxicillin plus iv gentamicin was necessary in 23.80% compared with 18.1% for iv cefuroxime plus iv gentamicin. Severe acute malnutrition (odds ratio [OR]: 2.8 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–7.3]) and hypoxemia (OR:2.3 [95%CI: 1.0–5.6]) were independently associated with antibiotics change. The CFR was 1.36%.
Conclusion The low CFR suggests a better outcome compared with other previous studies in LMICs. However, the high rate of antibiotics changes (22.3%) was possibly due to failure of first line antibiotics; especially among malnourished and hypoxemic children. Randomized controlled trial of iv cefuroxime plus gentamicin versus iv amoxicillin plus gentamicin is recommended.
How family structure influences middle-school students’ involvement in physical exercise and their academic achievement in China
Authors: Guo Zhengmao , Qi Changzhu , Yang Jian , Xu Yatao , Li Shouming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncreasing research attention is being paid to the factors influencing the comprehensive and healthy development of adolescents. However, few studies have specifically considered cultural contexts, including that of China. Based on public database—The China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) data, this paper takes fixed-effect model to examine the relationship between family structure and physical exercise/academic achievement of middle-school students, plus their intermediary mechanisms. The results were as follows: (1) Middle-school students in intact families displayed higher levels of physical exercise and academic achievement than those in families with one or both parents absent; (2) Family structure influenced middle-school students’ development through the two mechanisms of family socioeconomic status and parental input; and (3) Fathers and mothers fulfill different roles in middle-school students’ development: fathers contribute more to their involvement in physical exercise; mothers contribute more to their academic achievement. The results carry theoretical and practical implications for the development of adolescents, both in China and elsewhere.
Neuroleadership: a new way for happiness management
Authors: Ruiz-Rodríguez Raquel , Ortiz-de-Urbina-Criado Marta , Ravina-Ripoll Rafael 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn a post-pandemic era, managers and leaders have a role to enable the changes needed to make workplaces happier and more productive. This paper aims to analyse the role of neuroleadership in the application of happiness management. Two research questions are proposed: what do we know about neuroleadership? and what role can neuroleadership play in happiness management? A mixed methodology is applied. A bibliometric technique is used to identify the main topics studied in neuroleadership. An in-depth analysis and logical reasoning are applied to propose a neuroleadership research roadmap and to present some research pathways for neuroleadership for happiness management. A neuroleadership research roadmap is proposed, considering the approaches, practices/actions, and purposes. It is observed that the consideration of the management of emotions and cognitive processes in the work environment is attracting interest to develop a leadership focused on making better workplaces. A new line of action focused on the management of happiness is emerging. In addition, neuroleadership is presented as a new way of understanding management. Their combined application can mark a before and after in business management, and for that, a proposal of future research lines and questions is developed. This paper presents four future research pathways—perspectives, reasons, adoption and implementation, and results—for studying neuroleadership for happiness management.
Feral pig (Sus scrofa) activity and landscape feature revisitation across four sites in eastern Australia
Authors: Wilson Cameron , Gentle Matthew , Marshall Darren 
Published: April 2023

Quantifying feral pig movements and understanding the fine-scale ecological drivers of feral pig landscape use are important factors for optimising pest management programs. We tracked 59 GPS-collared feral pigs at four sites in eastern Australia between 2017 and 2021, for a mean of 375 ± 277 (s.d.) days. The mean number of successful GPS fixes was 15 577 ± 11 833 (s.d.) and these were recorded at 30-min intervals. We calculated mean hourly and daily distances travelled to determine feral pig activity and investigated the influence of sex, site, season and time of day on this activity. We also investigated the proximity of highly active sites to habitat covariates, along with intensity and frequency of site use. Male daily movement, 4.9 km (95% CI = 4.2, 5.6 km), was significantly greater than it was for females, 3.6 km (95% CI = 3.0, 4.1 km) and males maintained a high level of activity all night, while female activity was predominantly crepuscular. Study site was a significant determinant of daily movement, but season was not, across either sex or site. Highly-visited site selection was negatively associated with distance from creeks, dams, cultivation, open herbaceous vegetation and medium woody vegetation. Both medium woody vegetation and dam sites had the longest duration of use (3 and 2.7 h respectively) and the shortest time between visitations (14.5 and 13 h respectively). Quantifying feral pig activity and key habitat feature preference are important steps in improving management programs. Better prediction of feral pig movement and behaviour allows for more targeted placement of control tools, potentially increasing encounter rates.
Influences of Sn on Fe phase segregation and properties of Cu-5Fe alloy
Authors: Luo Xin , Wang Lanhao , Yuan Dawei , Liu Zhenxia , Wang Hang , Xiao Xiangpeng , Chen Hui Ming , Guo Chengjun , Yang Bin 
Published: April 2023

The Cu-5Fe-xSn alloy was prepared, and the effect of Sn on Fe phase distribution, precipitation kinetics, and properties of the Cu-5Fe alloy were investigated. The tensile strength and conductivity of Cu-5Fe-0.15Sn after aging at 400°C were 712 MPa and 66.6% IACS, respectively. Compared to the Cu-5Fe alloy, the tensile strength increased by about 190 MPa, while the conductivity decreased by only 1.4% IACS. Sn optimises Fe distribution and inhibits dendritic segregation. After drawing, the Fe phase is transformed into Fe fibre. Sn enhances the synergistic deformation ability of Cu/Fe, resulting in better continuity and density of Fe fibres. The precipitation activation energies of Fe in Cu-5Fe and Cu-5Fe-0.15Sn alloys were 95.9 and 84.9 kJ/mol, respectively. HIGHLIGHTS The addition of Sn significantly improves the mechanical properties of Cu-5Fe alloy. Sn addition optimised the primary Fe phase distribution and increased the Fe fibre density. The addition of Sn reduces the ultimate solid solubility of Fe in Cu and promotes the nucleation of γ-Fe phase. Sn reduces the activation energy of Fe phase and promotes the precipitation of Fe phase.
CCQM-P206, nitrous oxide (N2O) in air, ambient level, pilot study run in parallel with CCQM-K68.2019
Authors: Viallon J , Choteau T , Flores E , Idrees F , Moussay P , Wielgosz R I , Harth Christina M , Guillevic Myriam , Weiss Ray F , Hall B , Lim J S 
Published: April 2023

Main text
The Pilot Study CCQM-P206 was conducted in parallel with the Key Comparison CCQM-K68.2019, which was aimed at evaluating the level of comparability of laboratories' capabilities for nitrous oxide in air primary reference mixtures at ambient amount fractions, in the range 320 nmol mol−1 to 350 nmol mol−1. The Pilot Study was set up to allow the participation of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the University of California San Diego (SIO/UCSD) as guest expert laboratory of the CCQM.
The SIO/UCSD was invited by the CCQM in view of its long experience in accurate measurements of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere and is the calibration laboratory for this compound in the AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment) global measurement network. The laboratory has developed a unique method which provides an independent assessment of the N2O amount fraction compared to participants in CCQM-K68.2019. Its participation was also seen as the occasion to contribute to a more general reflexion on the compared advantages of two different systems to ensure traceability: a unique scale maintained by one central laboratory, or the dissemination of materials all traceable to the SI by multiple national metrology institutes.
The comparison CCQM-K68.2019 was coordinated by the BIPM and the KRISS. It consisted in the simultaneous comparison of a suite of 2n primary gas standards, two standards to be prepared by each of the n participating laboratories. Two independent analytical methods were used by the BIPM to analyse the amount fraction of N2O in air, namely Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector (GC−ECD) and Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (QCLAS).
For the Pilot Study, SIO/UCSD provided results of measurements of the N2O amount fraction in the two standards submitted by the Global Monitoring Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), a participant in the Key Comparison. Therefore, this study consists in looking at the agreement between SIO/UCSD measurement results and the Key Comparison reference value.
All details on the Key Comparison CCQM-K68.2019, including its protocol and its results, can be found in its report. This report focuses on SIO/UCSD results and agreement with participants in the Key Comparison.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On uniqueness and stable estimation of multiple parameters in the Cahn–Hilliard equation
Authors: Brunk Aaron , Egger Herbert , Habrich Oliver 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We consider the identifiability and stable numerical estimation of multiple parameters in a Cahn–Hilliard model for phase separation. Spatially resolved measurements of the phase fraction are assumed to be accessible, with which the identifiability of single and multiple parameters up to certain scaling invariances is established. A regularized equation error approach is proposed for the stable numerical solution of the parameter identification problems, and convergence of the regularized approximations is proven under reasonable assumptions on the data noise. The viability of the theoretical results and the proposed methods is demonstrated in numerical tests.