bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Darcy‐Forchheimer magnetohydrodynamic Williamson nanofluid flow towards nonlinear radiative stretching surface using artificial neural network
Authors: Shafiq Anum , Çolak Andaç Batur , Sindhu Tabassum Naz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModern industries face a new challenge in cooling processes. Traditional cooling lubricants have limited heatconducting capacity. The development of nanofluids possessing superior properties such as high thermal conductivity, homogeneity, and long‐term stability has revolutionized the cooling lubrication industry. The literature reports a wide range of applications of nanofluid, such as cooling devices, peristaltic pumps for diabetic treatments, accelerators, reactors, petroleum industry applications, solar collectors and so forth. Nanofluids like Williamson nanofluid are very important non‐Newtonian fluids that have pseudoplastic properties. Williamson nanofluid has a number of applications in the medical and engineering sciences. It is used in food processing, inkjet printing, adhesives and emulsions, coated photographic films, and many other applications. In the current study, the nanomaterial flow of the Darcy‐Forchheimer Williamson nanofluid model is evaluated using the Levenberg–Marquardt approach with backpropagated neural networks. Thermalphoresis and Brownian motion are incorporated into the nanofluid model. This system is converted into an analogous nonlinear ordinary differential system through the application of necessary transformations. A dataset for the proposed multilayer perceptron artificial neural network is generated by altering the necessary variables through a Runge–Kutta fourth‐order shooting procedure. It has been created an artificial neural network called a multiple‐layer perceptron in order to forecast the values of the multiple‐layer perceptron. It is discovered that the parameter had the highest mean deviation of and the parameter had the lowest mean deviation of . Furthermore, MSE value of ANN model developed to estimate the skin friction coefficient value as and R value as 0.99954 whereas MSE and R values of the ANN model developed for the estimation of the LNN value were obtained as and 0.99999, respectively.
How brain networks tic: Predicting tic severity through rs‐fMRI dynamics in Tourette syndrome
Authors: Ramkiran Shukti , Veselinović Tanja , Dammers Jürgen , Gaebler Arnim Johannes , Rajkumar Ravichandran , Shah N. Jon , Neuner Irene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics, which several different theories, such as basal ganglia‐thalamo‐cortical loop dysfunction and amygdala hypersensitivity, have sought to explain. Previous research has shown dynamic changes in the brain prior to tic onset leading to tics, and this study aims to investigate the contribution of network dynamics to them. For this, we have employed three methods of functional connectivity to resting‐state fMRI data – namely the static, the sliding window dynamic and the ICA based estimated dynamic; followed by an examination of the static and dynamic network topological properties. A leave‐one‐out (LOO‐) validated regression model with LASSO regularization was used to identify the key predictors. The relevant predictors pointed to dysfunction of the primary motor cortex, the prefrontal‐basal ganglia loop and amygdala‐mediated visual social processing network. This is in line with a recently proposed social decision‐making dysfunction hypothesis, opening new horizons in understanding tic pathophysiology.
Challenges of using RPA in auditing: A socio‐technical systems approach
Authors: Dahabiyeh Laila , Mowafi Omar 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe use of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is rapidly growing in the professional services sector such as auditing. Despite the great benefits RPA can offer, RPA failure rates are still high. In this research, we draw on socio‐technical systems theory to examine the challenges of using RPA in the various phases of auditing and how auditors address these challenges. By interviewing experienced partners and auditors in auditing firms and technology companies, we show that challenges arise when there is a lack of fit between the technical requirements of the RPA tool (technical subsystem) and the skills and knowledge of the auditors and clients (social subsystem). We discuss our findings and provide valuable practical implications and opportunities for future research.
MRI features of pituitary adenoma apoplexy and their relationship with hypoxia, proliferation, and pathology
Authors: Wu Jianwu , Li Songyuan , Huang Yinxing , Zeng Zihuan , Mei Tao , Wang Shousen , Wang Wei , Zhang Fangfang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to study the MRI features of pituitary adenoma (PA) apoplexy and their relationship with hypoxia, proliferation, and pathology.MethodsSixty‐seven patients with MRI signs of PA apoplexy were selected. According to the MRI signs, they were divided into the parenchymal group and the cystic group. The parenchymal group had a low signal area on T2WI without cyst >2 mm and this area was not significantly enhanced on the corresponding TW1 enhancement. The cystic group had a cyst >2 mm on T2WI, and the cyst showed liquid stratification on T2WI or high signal on T1WI. The relative T1WI (rT1WI) enhancement value and relative T2WI (rT2WI) value of non‐apoplexy areas were measured. Protein levels of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1α), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), and Ki67 were detected with immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Nuclear morphology was observed with HE staining.ResultsThe rT1WI enhancement average value, rT2WI average value, Ki67 protein expression level, and the number of abnormal nuclear morphology of non‐apoplexy lesions in the parenchymal group were significantly lower than those in the cystic group. The protein expression levels of HIF‐1α and PDK1 in the parenchymal group were significantly higher than those in the cystic group. HIF‐1α protein was positively correlated with PDK1 but negatively correlated with Ki67.ConclusionWhen there is PA apoplexy, the ischemia and hypoxia of the cystic group are lesser than those of the parenchymal group, but the proliferation is stronger.
Misunderstood terms and concepts identified through user testing of educational materials for fragile X premutation: “Not weak or fragile?”
Authors: Lincoln‐Boyea Beth , Moultrie Rebecca R. , Biesecker Barbara B. , Underwood Marcia , Duparc Martin , Wheeler Anne C. , Peay Holly L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractComplicated genetic mechanisms and unpredictable health risks associated with the FMR1 premutation can result in challenges for patient education when the diagnosis is made in a newborn. From October 15, 2018, to December 10, 2021, North Carolina parents could obtain FMR1 premutation results about their newborns through a voluntary expanded newborn screening research study. The study provided confirmatory testing, parental testing, and genetic counseling. We developed web‐based educational materials to augment information about fragile X premutation conveyed by a genetic counselor. Many genetics education materials are developed for the lay population. However, relatively little research is published on how well individuals understand these materials. We conducted three rounds of iterative user testing interviews to help refine web‐based educational materials that support understanding and self‐paced learning. The participants included 25 parents with a 2‐year college degree or less and without a child identified with fragile X syndrome, premutation, or gray‐zone allele. Content analysis of interview transcripts resulted in iterative changes and ultimately saturation of findings. Across all rounds of interviews, there were two terms that were commonly misunderstood (fragile and carrier) and two terms that elicited initial misconceptions that were overcome by participants. Many also had difficulty understanding the relationship between fragile X premutation and fragile X syndrome as well as appreciating the implications of having a “fragile X gene.” Website layout, formatting, and graphics also influenced comprehension. Despite iterative changes to the content, certain issues with understandability persisted. The findings support the need for user testing to identify misconceptions that may interfere with understanding and using genetic information. Here, we describe a process used to develop and refine evidence‐based, understandable parental resources on fragile X premutation. Additionally, we provide recommendations to address ongoing educational challenges and discuss the potential impact of bias on the part of expert content developers.
Colonial system of integration and communication pores in a polymorphic bryozoan Dendrobeania fruticosa (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata)
Authors: Shunatova Natalia , Denisova Sofia , Shchenkov Sergei , Filippov Artem 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBryozoan colonies are composed of zooids, which can differ in structure and function. Autozooids supply heteromorphic zooids with nutrients, which are usually unable to feed. To date, the ultrastructure of the tissues providing nutrient transfer is almost unexplored. Here, we present a detailed description of the colonial system of integration (CSI) and the different types of pore plates in Dendrobeania fruticosa. All cells of the CSI are joined by tight junctions that isolate its lumen. The lumen of the CSI is not a single structure, but a dense network of small interstices filled with a heterogeneous matrix. In autozooids, the CSI is composed of two types of cells: elongated and stellate. Elongated cells form the central part of the CSI, including two main longitudinal cords and several main branches to the gut and pore plates. Stellate cells compose the peripheral part of the CSI, which is a delicate mesh starting from the central part and reaching various structures of autozooids. Autozooids have two tiny muscular funiculi, which start from the caecum apex and run to the basal wall. Each funiculus includes a central cord of extracellular matrix and two longitudinal muscle cells; together they are enveloped with a layer of cells. The rosette complexes of all types of pore plates in D. fruticosa display a similar cellular composition: a cincture cell and a few special cells; limiting cells are absent. Special cells have bidirectional polarity in interautozooidal and avicularian pore plates. This is probably due to the need for bidirectional transport of nutrients during degeneration–regeneration cycles. Cincture cells and epidermal cells of pore plates contain microtubules and inclusions resembling dense‐cored vesicles, which are typical of neurons. Probably, cincture cells are involved in the signal transduction from one zooid to another and can be a part of the colony‐wide nervous system.
Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conduction Enables Halide‐Perovskite Electroluminescent Photodetector
Authors: Marunchenko Alexandr , Kondratiev Valeriy , Pushkarev Anatoly , Khubezhov Soslan , Baranov Mikhail , Nasibulin Albert , Makarov Sergey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLight emission and detection are the two fundamental features of optoelectronic communication systems. Until now, both functions have been realized with a p–n diode, which is used in a wide range of applications. However, due to the competing dynamics of carrier injection and photocarrier collection, in such devices, electroluminescence and photodetection are realized separately by switching the direction of the applied electrical bias. Here, mobile ions in halide perovskites are benefited from to demonstrate electroluminescence and photodetection simultaneously, without switching the direction of the applied electrical bias. The electroluminescent photodetector consists of a CsPbBr3 microwire integrated with electrodes made of a single‐walled carbon nanotube thin film, providing Schottky barriers at the interfaces. The dual functionality stems from the modulation of these barriers by mobile ions in cooperation with photogenerated charge carriers. Furthermore, such complex charge dynamics additionally result in a novel effect: light‐enhanced electroluminescence. The new optoelectronic phenomena demonstrated in the simple lateral device design will expand the applications of mixed ionic‐electronic conductors toward cheap and efficient multifunctional optoelectronic devices able to simultaneously generate and receive optical data.
A nonlocal energy‐informed neural network for isotropic elastic solids with cracks under thermomechanical loads
Authors: Yu Xiang‐Long , Zhou Xiao‐Ping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a nonlocal energy‐informed neural network is proposed to characterize the deformation behaviors of elastic solids with cracks subjected to thermomechanical loads in the framework of ordinary state‐based peridynamics. Based on principle of virtual work, a nonlocal energy approach is developed to recast the solution to peridynamic equilibrium equation as a problem of minimizing the potential energy of the system, which automatically satisfies the traction‐free boundary conditions. Meanwhile, the energy representation of physical system can be treated as the loss function for machine learning methods. Therefore, a nonlocal energy‐informed neural network is constructed to approximate the solution of the system. A distinct advantage of the proposed neural network is that the strain energy is expressed in terms of spatial integration instead of spatial derivatives, which avoids the invalidation of automatic differentiation at the crack surfaces in original physics‐informed neural networks. To demonstrate the convergence and accuracy of the proposed neural network, a series of problems in solid and fracture mechanics are conducted, and compared with results from analytical solutions or classical numerical methods. Additionally, for elastic material containing initial cracks, displacement extrapolation method is encoded into the proposed neural network to evaluate the static stress intensity factor.
COVID‐19‐Associated Chemosensory Loss Continues to Decline
Authors: Reiter Evan R. , Coelho Daniel H. , French Evan , Costanzo Richard M. ,   N3C Consortium
Published: May 2023

AbstractChemosensory losses have long been considered a cardinal symptom of COVID‐19 infection. Recent studies have shown changing symptom profiles with COVID‐19, including decreasing incidence of olfactory losses. We accessed the National COVID Cohort Collaborative database to identify patients with and without smell and taste loss within 2 weeks of COVID‐19 diagnosis. Peak prevalence time intervals for variants were determined from Covariants.org. Using rates of chemosensory loss during the peak time interval for “Untyped” variants as baseline (4/27/2020‐6/18/2020), odds ratios for COVID‐19‐associated smell or taste disturbance fell for each of the Alpha (0.744), Delta (0.637), Omicron K (0.139), Omicron L (0.079), Omicron C (0.061), and Omicron B (0.070) peak intervals. These data suggest that during the recent Omicron waves and potentially moving forward, the presence or absence of smell and taste disturbances may no longer have predictive value in the diagnosis of COVID‐19 infection.
Synthesis, characterization, and hydrazine sensing property of two covalent organic frameworks
Authors: Liu Leijing , Wang Canran , Wang Jiangpeng , Jiang Shan , Ma Wenyue , Zou Yongcun , Tian Wenjing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSensitive and efficient detection of hydrazine is of great significance because hydrazine is a highly toxic organic molecule, which can pose great threats to human health. Herein, two covalent organic frameworks (COFs) modified with ester groups in the pores, TAPB‐DHE and TAPT‐DHE, have been successfully synthesized via esterification reaction. Both of the two COFs have good crystallinity, thermal stability, and fluorescence properties. TAPB‐DHE can be used as a turn‐on fluorescence sensor for the sensitive detection of trace hydrazine in aqueous solution with a detection limit of 0.40 μM and a wide linear range of 0–100 μM due to the fluorescence enhancement of TAPB‐DHE caused by the chemical reaction between hydrazine and TAPB‐DHE, in which the ester group of the COF is converted into hydroxyl group, leading to the restriction of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect. This work provides a reference for the design of COFs with hydrazine recognition function and a helpful expansion for the practical application of COFs.
Marital satisfaction, partner communication, and illness acceptance among couples coping with breast cancer: A dyadic approach
Authors: Krok Dariusz , Telka Ewa , Moroń Marcin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveAssociations between marital satisfaction and illness acceptance are mediated by different factors. This study examines whether partner communication mediates relationships between marital satisfaction and illness acceptance among couples coping with breast cancer within a dyadic approach.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐six couples were examined: 136 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer and their 136 spouses without a history of cancer. Questionnaires measuring marital satisfaction, partner communication, and illness acceptance were used. SEM analysis was applied to examine mediation effects.ResultsFor the patients, marital satisfaction was positively associated with supportive self‐communication, supportive partner communication, and illness acceptance. For the spouses, marital satisfaction was positively correlated with supportive self‐communication and supportive partner communication, yet, it was negatively correlated with deprecating communication of both self and partner. The associations between marital satisfaction and illness acceptance were mainly mediated by supportive communication (self and partner).ConclusionsAn examination of partner communication within a dyad is crucial for understanding relationships between marital satisfaction and illness acceptance in breast cancer patients. These relationships predominantly depend on the supportive communication of cognitive and emotional information between the spouses.
Parental migration, children and family reunification in China
Authors: Liang Zai , Li Yuanfei , Yue Zhongshan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on migrant parents' decision to either bring children to the cities (family reunification) or leave them behind in China. We develop a framework to understand this decision, which takes into account child characteristics, characteristics of migrant parents and characteristics of migrant‐receiving communities. Our research design allows us to conduct comparison of rural‐origin children and urban‐origin children. The rural–urban differences are reflected in lowered probability of bringing children to cities, more hurdles for housing and access to public school education for rural migrant parents and their children. For rural‐origin school‐age children, gender inequality is persistent, that is, girls of school age are less likely to be brought to cities than boys. Finally, a piece of promising news is that migrant parents with more social interactions with local residents are more likely to bring children to destinations. The results suggest that years after China's official policy of ‘no extra fees’ for migrant children in urban public schools, migrant children, especially from rural areas, continue to face a variety of challenges in moving to cities and having access to local urban public schools.
A Homing Missile‐Like Nanotherapeutic with Single‐Atom Catalytic Sites for In Situ Elimination of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Liu Hao , Liu Xuemeng , Wang Huan , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntracellular bacterial pathogens hiding in host cells tolerate the innate immune system and high‐dose antibiotics, resulting in recurrent infections that are difficult to treat. Herein, a homing missile‐like nanotherapeutic (FeSAs@Sa.M) composed of a single‐atom iron nanozyme (FeSAs) core coated with infected macrophage membrane (Sa.M) is developed for in situ elimination of intracellular methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Mechanically, the FeSAs@Sa.M initially binds to the extracellular MRSA via the bacterial recognition ability of the Sa.M component. Subsequently, the FeSAs@Sa.M can be transported to the intracellular MRSA‐located regions in the host cell like a homing missile under the guidance of the extracellular MRSA to which it is attached, generating highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) for intracellular MRSA killing via the enzymatic activities of the FeSAs core. The FeSAs@Sa.M is far superior to FeSAs in killing intracellular MRSA, proposing a feasible strategy for treating intracellular infections by in situ generating ROS in bacterial residing regions.
Emergence of a Non‐Van der Waals Magnetic Phase in a Van der Waals Ferromagnet
Authors: Das Bikash , Ghosh Subrata , Sengupta Shamashis , Auban‐Senzier Pascale , Monteverde Miguel , Dalui Tamal Kumar , Kundu Tanima , Saha Rafikul Ali , Maity Sujan , Paramanik Rahul , Ghosh Anudeepa , Palit Mainak , Bhattacharjee Jayanta K. , Mondal Rajib , Datta Subhadeep 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManipulation of long‐range order in 2D van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials (e.g., CrI3, CrSiTe3 ,etc.), exfoliated in few‐atomic layer, can be achieved via application of electric field, mechanical‐constraint, interface engineering, or even by chemical substitution/doping. Usually, active surface oxidation due to the exposure in the ambient condition and hydrolysis in the presence of water/moisture causes degradation in magnetic nanosheets that, in turn, affects the nanoelectronic /spintronic device performance. Counterintuitively, the current study reveals that exposure to the air at ambient atmosphere results in advent of a stable nonlayered secondary ferromagnetic phase in the form of Cr2Te3 (TC2 ≈160 K) in the parent vdW magnetic semiconductor Cr2Ge2Te6 (TC1 ≈69 K). The coexistence of the two ferromagnetic phases in the time elapsed bulk crystal is confirmed through systematic investigation of crystal structure along with detailed dc/ac magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and magneto‐transport measurement. To capture the concurrence of the two ferromagnetic phases in a single material, Ginzburg‐Landau theory with two independent order parameters (as magnetization) with a coupling term can be introduced. In contrast to the rather common poor environmental stability of the vdW magnets, the results open possibilities of finding air‐stable novel materials having multiple magnetic phases.