bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural remanent magnetization characteristics of the upper unconsolidated sedimentary sequence of a drill core (20HCL04) from the Jeokjung-Chogye basin (impact crater), South Korea: Preliminary implication of multiple possible geomagnetic excursions within persistent normal-polarity state and notes toward magneto-chronostratigraphic contribution
Authors: AHN Hyeon-Seon , Lee Jin-Young , Yamamoto Yuhji , Nahm Wook-Hyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the Jeokjung-Chogye Basin, southeastern Korean Peninsula, presumed to be a Quaternary meteorite impact crater, an azimuthally non-oriented drill sediment core (called 20HCL04; up to 66.0 m depth) was retrieved. We conducted paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic investigation on samples from the unconsolidated sedimentary sequence of 14.0–42.0 m-depth interval of the core (collectively, 747 discrete subsamples with high subsampling density), to provide independent constraints on the chronologic framework for the core. Comprehensive mineral magnetic analyses suggest the existence of low-coercivity magnetic minerals, probably magnetite and greigite, as major remanence carriers, which contribute to natural remanent magnetizations (NRMs) in parts of the horizons. Fortunately, careful analyses of the progressive alternating field (AF) demagnetization results allow the determination of a reasonably stable characteristic remanence (ChRM) component. Relative paleointensity (RPI) can be putatively estimated by adopting the ratio of the NRM intensity after 30 mT AF demagnetization normalized by the initial magnetic susceptibility as the RPI proxy candidate. A reasonable magnetostratigraphic record consisting of ChRM inclinations and putative RPI values could be reconstructed by conservatively excluding data that might be potentially greigite-carried due to the large uncertainty in remanence acquisition. The reconstruction allows us to recognize that the entire analyzed sequence corresponds to a single persistent normal-polarity chron, in which there are multiple, large-amplitude directional swings associated with remarkable RPI lowering, indicating the recording of geomagnetic excursion events. Currently, at least six separate excursion events are considered to be recorded. Combined with current knowledge on geomagnetic excursions, particularly from the Brunhes period, our results can reasonably estimate the timescale of the 28 m-long sediment formation, which is likely in the order of one- to several-hundreds of kyr. Although the age-depth relationship for the core remains to be ascertained, current data recording large-amplitude fluctuations associated with geomagnetic excursions provide a valuable basis for establishing the age-depth relationship and the ultimate aim of high-fidelity chronologies of basin-filling sediments and basin-forming impact cratering. Moreover, the current data and further magnetic investigations could potentially highlight the ancient geomagnetic field nature during and across a single excursion event, in addition to regional paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental changes.
Quality by design-based development and optimization of fourth-generation ternary solid dispersion of standardized Piper Longum extract for melanoma therapy
Authors: Mohapatra Debadatta , Kumar Dulla Naveen , Shreya Singh , Pandey Vivek , Dubey Pawan K. , Agarwal Ashish Kumar , Sahu Alakh N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study aimed to enhance the solubility, dissolution, and oral bioavailability of standardized Piper longum fruits ethanolic extract (PLFEE) via fourth-generation ternary solid dispersion (SD) for melanoma therapy. With the use of solvent evaporation method, the standardized PLFEE was formulated into SD, optimized using Box-Wilson's Central Composite Design (CCD), and evaluated for pharmaceutical performance and in-vivo anticancer activity against melanoma (B16F10) bearing C57BL/6 mice. The optimized SD showed good accelerated stability, high yield, drug content, and content uniformity for bioactive marker piperine (PIP). The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis revealed its amorphous nature. The Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) revealed the compatibility of excipients with the PLFEE. The contact angle measurement and in-vitro dissolution study revealed good wetting of SD and improved dissolution profile as compared to the plain PLFEE. The in-vivo oral bioavailability of SD reflected a significant (p<0.05) improvement in bioavailability (Frel = 188.765%) as compared to plain extract. The in-vivo tumor regression study revealed the improved therapeutic activity of SD as compared to plain PLFEE. Further, the SD also improved the anticancer activity of Dacarbazine (DTIC) as an adjuvant therapy. The overall result revealed the potential of developed SD for melanoma therapy either alone or as an adjuvant therapy with DTIC.
A Nonlinear Parametric Resonance Analysis of Planar Beam Structures Using Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element Method
Authors: Li Yuchun , Shen Chao , Que Zhang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The parametric resonance of a frame structure may lead to a disastrous consequence. Structural engineers need a straightforward and practical method to calculate the large nonlinear parametric resonance responses of the frame structure for assessing structural safety. This paper reports on a new Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element (VFIFE) method to analyse the nonlinear parametric resonance of planar beam structures. By taking into account the geometric stiffness effect of the internal axial force for the frame element, a relationship between internal nodal forces and deformation components is firstly established based on the VFIFE principle and the parametric resonance mechanism of frame structures. The VFIFE scheme is then developed to analyse the nonlinear parametric resonance of frame structures. To demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, a simply-supported beam is used as a numerical example, and the resulting VFIFE calculations are compared to the solutions obtained by current analytical methods. A parametric resonance test of the cantilever beam is conducted to verify the applicability of the VFIFE method. The numerical results show that this approach can overcome the limitations of existing analytical methods, well simulate the nonlinear phenomena of parametric resonances, and produce predictions that are consistent with experimental observations. The numerical stability boundary of parametric resonance agrees well with the experimental boundary. Possible causes of deviations between the numerical and experimental results are discussed. The proposed VFIFE method is a simple and effective means of analyzing the stability and nonlinear responses of parametric resonance of planar beam structures.
Nitrates in Turkish waters: Sources, mechanisms, impacts, and mitigation
Authors: Erşahin Sabit , Bilgili Bayram C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Intensive technological developments, rapid population growth, unplanned urbanization, and excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers have caused water resources to be contaminated substantially by nitrates in Turkey as well as across the world as evidenced by the accumulated scientific information. The information should be evaluated to draw a nationwide attention to the problem. The aim of this review article was to highlight the importance of nitrate (NO3) contamination and to discuss the measures to be taken to mitigate nitrate contamination across the nation. Significant number of the peer-reviewed scientific articles were examined to identify anthropogenic sources, spatial and temporal variability, and contamination mechanisms of the nitrate contamination of the water resources across Turkey. Agriculture, especially chemical fertilizers used in irrigated agriculture, was the most important source of nitrates in groundwater. Also, the industrial and domestic discharges from highly populated and industrialized regions were significant sources of nitrates in the water resources. The most severe and widespread nitrate contamination occurred in the regions where intensive agriculture, industrial development, and rapid urbanization coincided. Drinking waters have been exposed to a significant nitrate contamination in many regions across the nation, raising a serious health concern to the people. A well-developed action plan is urgent for mitigating nitrate contamination in Turkish waters to avoid further degradation of those valuable resources.
Development of novel wheat-rye 6RS small fragment translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance and physical mapping of the resistance gene PmW6RS
Authors: Wang Jing , Han Guohao , Liu Hong , Yan Hanwen , Cao Lijun , Zhou Yilin , An Diaoguo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Rye (Secale cereale L., RR) contains valuable genes for wheat improvement. However, most of the rye resistance genes have not been successfully used in wheat cultivars. Identification of new rye resistance genes and transfer these genes to wheat by developing small fragment translocation lines will make these genes more usable for wheat breeding. In this study, a broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene PmW6RS was located on rye chromosome arm 6RS using a new set of wheat-rye disomic and telosomic addition lines. To further study and use PmW6RS, 164 wheat-rye 6RS translocation lines were developed by 60Coγ ray irradiation. Seedling and adult stage powdery mildew resistance analysis showed that 106 of the translocation lines were resistant. Physical map of 6RS was constructed using the 6RS translocation and deletion lines, and PmW6RS was located in the 6RS-0.58-0.66-bin, flanked by markers X6RS-3 and X6RS-10 corresponding to the physical interval of 50.23-68.61 Mb, and was 18.38 Mb in Weining rye genome. A total of 23 resistance-related genes were annotated. Nine markers co-segregate with the 6RS-0.58-0.66-bin, which can be used to rapidly trace the 6RS fragment carrying PmW6RS. Small fragment translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance were backcrossed with wheat major cultivars and 39 homozygous 6RS small fragment translocation lines were obtained. In conclusion, this study not only provide novel gene source and germplasms for wheat resistance breeding, but also laid solid foundation for further cloning of PmW6RS.
Lost in the loop - A qualitative study on patient experiences of care in standardized patient pathways
Authors: Solberg Monica , Berg Geir Vegard , Andreassen Hege Kristin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The Norwegian health authorities introduced standardized cancer patient pathways in 2015, aiming to reduce practice variations across hospitals and regions, and improve the continuity, coordination and overall quality of the health care service provided to cancer patients. Health service research has investigated the organisational and economic benefits of standardized pathways, whereas the element of care and the patient perspective has gained less attention. In this article we explore the care element in cancer patient pathways through an in-depth study of patient experiences.
Methods
Through a longitudinal qualitative design with in-depth patient interviews conducted during 2018–2021, we built a corpus of data on patient experiences from before, during and after treatment. The patients were enrolled approximately three years after the introduction of standardized cancer patient pathways in Norway. The empirical catchment area was eastern Norway. We did a thematic analysis driven by our analytical question on patient experiences of care, i.e., a theoretical thematic analysis. In the analytical work we were interested in the patients’ detailed stories as well as identifying what underlying ideas of care were shaping the patients experiences of the health service.
Results
The patient interviewees described it as a challenge that the cancer patient pathways were time-limited, with a clear start and stop, whereas their experience and understanding of the cancer diagnosis extended into their past and future lives. They further experienced that the services they received were fragmented, that there was a lack of continuity and collaboration within and between different health services, and that the help they received had a bio-medical focus on treatment only.
Conclusions
We conclude that cancer patient pathways offer good medical treatment, but that the care element deserves more attention. Current CPPs are trapped in a logic of choice, preventing room for the element of care to receive the attention it requires for the patient to truly experience holistic person-centred care and continuous, well-coordinated services.
A novel computed tomography-based three-column MLP classification of intertrochanteric fracture
Authors: Jiang Qilong , Bai Xinwen , Deng Yu , Hong Hao , Li Jun , Cao Yong , Peng Xiaoyu , Li Yan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background :The aim of the present study was to introduce a novel three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT)-based three-column classification (named “MLP classification system”) of intertrochanteric fracture, and evaluate its reproducibility and reliability.Methods :From September 2020 to September 2022, a total of 258 consecutive patients (60 male, 198 female; mean age 81.3 years) with intertrochanteric fracture were included in this study. The fracture in each case was assessed using a novel three-dimension computed tomography-based three-column classification. Two examiners tested the intra and inter-observer reliability of this new classification system using kappa variance.Results :Intertrochanteric region was divided into medial column, lateral column and posterior column. Intertrochanteric fractures were documented as M0/1/2L0/1/2/3P0/1/2/3. All fractures were classifiable into the new classification system. The intra and inter-observer kappa value were 0.91 and 0.82 respectively, indicating almost perfect reliability.Conclusion :This novel 3DCT-based MLP classification system for intertrochanteric fractures is comprehensive, reproducible with good agreement. It is based on proximal femur biomechanic characteristics and traumatic mechanism, contributing to formulate more reasonable treatment protocols involving various late-model internal fixation systems.
Characterization and selection by optical absorption and emission spectrophotometry of a series of red dyes capable of destroying far UV rays by absorption
Authors: Rached Zakaria , Nouairi Mohammed El-Amine , Ghallem Bachir Raho , Amrani Wahiba , Bellil Ali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The far ultraviolet rays are harmful to human health, particularly for their mutagenic effects; it can cause skin cancer, cataracts, photochemical pollution. In the future, chemists plan to use it as weapons for the destruction of objects. Therefore, we should meet this future challenge by scientific means in order to snuff out its far-ultraviolet rays. In this paper, we’ve intend to carry out a deep spectral study on a series of red dyes such as: beet red; congo red; methyl red; neutral red; phenol red and carminic acid, to find out which are able to damage far ultraviolet rays by absorption. The experimental results have been carried out in our laboratory; have shown that certain red pigments have an ability to absorb light in the far ultraviolet range due to their chemical structures. Therefore, they are able to dodging far ultraviolet rays. Moreover, the spectral analyzes by the emission of the series of red dyes studied, have showed that these red dyes emit beyond 600 nm.
“Sharing of matrix” – A cooperative strategy for survival in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Authors: R Kavi Bharathi , CS Srinandan , Nagarajan Saisubramanian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Bacteria in nature live together in communities called biofilms, where they produce matrix that protects them from hostile environments. The components of this matrix vary among species, with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STm- WT) primarily producing curli and cellulose, which are regulated by the master regulator csgD. Interactions between bacteria can be competitive or cooperative, with cooperation more commonly observed among the kin population. This study refers to STm- WT as the generalist which produces all the matrix components and knockout strains that are defective in either curli or cellulose as the specialists, which produces one of the matrix components but not both. We have asked whether two different specialists will cooperate and share matrix components during biofilm formation to match the ability of the generalist which produces both the components.
Results
In this study, the response of the specialists and generalist to physical, mechanical, and biological stress during biofilm formation is also studied to assess their abilities to cooperate and produce biofilms like the generalist. STm WT colony biofilm which produces both the major biofilm matrix component were protected from stress whereas the non-matrix producer (∆csgD), the cellulose, and curli alone producers ∆csgA, ∆bcsA were affected. The most killing occurred in ∆csgD. Whereas the coculture (∆csgA: ∆bcsA) was seen to resist stress like that of the STm WT. Phenotypic and morphological characteristics of the colonies were typed using congo red assay and the Influence of Matrix on the architecture of biofilms was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.
Conclusion
Our results show that Matrix aids in survival during antibiotic, chlorine, and predatory stress. And possible sharing of matrix is occurring in the coculture, with one counterbalancing the inability of the other when confronted with stress.
Long COVID: Cognitive and FDG PET evolutions in six patients
Authors: Hugon Jacques , Farid Karim , Queneau Mathieu , Vrillon Agathe , Msika Eva Flore , Fayel Alexandra , Ortiz Marta Sanchez , Indart Sandrine , Paquet Claire 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Long COVID is often characterized by cognitive complaints and deficits occurring immediately or several weeks after the infectious disease. Neuropsychological tests can revealed attention and executive function anomalies and FDG PET can display hypometabolic areas affecting various regions including frontal and cingulate cortices as well as precuneus and brainstem. We report here the cognitive and FDG PET evolutions over one year in 6 patients suffering from long COVID. Our study shows cognitive and FDG PET improvements in most of the cases and highlight the importance of a careful neurological follow-up in these patients.
Genotypic diversity and unrecognized antifungal resistance among populations of Candida glabrata from positive blood cultures
Authors: Badrane Hassan , Cheng Shaoji , Dupont Chris , Hao Binghua , Driscoll Eileen , Morder Kristen , Liu Guojun , Newbrough Anthony , Fleres Giuseppe , Kaul Drishti , Espinoza Josh , Clancy Cornelius , Nguyen Minh Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The longstanding paradigm is that most bloodstream infections (BSIs) are caused by a single organism. We performed whole genome sequencing of five-to-ten strains from blood culture (BC) bottles in each of ten patients with Candida glabrata BSI. We demonstrated that BCs contained mixed populations of clonal but genetically diverse strains. Genetically distinct strains from two patients exhibited phenotypes that were potentially important during BSIs, including differences in susceptibility to antifungal agents and phagocytosis. In both patients, the clinical microbiology lab recovered a fluconazole-susceptible index strain, but we identified mixed fluconazole-susceptible and –resistant populations. Diversity in drug susceptibility was likely clinically relevant, as fluconazole-resistant strains were subsequently recovered by the clinical laboratory during persistent or relapsing infections. In one patient, unrecognized respiration-deficient small colony variants were fluconazole-resistant and significantly attenuated for virulence during murine candidiasis. Our data suggest a new population-based paradigm of C. glabrata genotypic and phenotypic diversity during BSIs.
Early Identification of High-Risk Patients with HCC Relapse: A Spatial Immune Scoring System Enabled by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sun cheng , Jia Gengjie , He Peiqi , Goh Denise , Li Fuling , Wee Felicia , Sun Mengyuan , Dai Tianli , LIM Jeffrey , Hao Shuxia , Liu Lianxin , Yeong Joe , Tian Zhigang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Given the high prevalence and relapse rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an increased capacity for early identification of patients most at risk for post-resection recurrence would help improve patient outcomes and prioritize health care resources. Here, we combined spatial multi-transcriptomics and proteomics approaches to characterize the tumor and immunological landscape of 61 samples. We observed a spatial and HCC-recurrence-associated distribution of natural killer (NK) cells in the invasive front and tumor center. Using artificial-intelligence alongside an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm, we developed the Tumor Immune MicroEnvironment Spatial (“TIMES”) score based on the expression of five NK-associated markers (SPON2, ZFP36L2, ZFP36, VIM, and HLA-DRB1) to predict HCC recurrence. We also demonstrated that TIMES score (HR = 29.6, P < 0.001) outperforms the current standard tools for patient risk stratification including the TNM (HR = 1.93, P = 0.113) and BCLC (HR = 1.55, P = 0.253) systems. In the clinic, we validated the model in 103 patients from three multi-centered cohorts achieve a real-world sensitivity of 90.00% and specificity of 90.24%. In the lab, following up on the individual marker with the highest prediction accuracy, in vivo models revealed that SPON2 increases IFN-γ secretion and enhances infiltration potential of NK cells at the invasive front. Additionally, we established the TIMES score on a publicly accessible website that can be easily achieved by different levels of pathology labs to facilitate global prediction of HCC recurrence risk and stratification of high-risk patients. With its ability to efficiently stratify high-risk patients, it exemplifying the utility of artificial intelligence to improve our understanding on TIME features that underlie tumor progression.