bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It’s the Politics, Stupid!
Authors: von Wallwitz Georg 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Weimar hyperinflation is a textbook example of how inflation develops. All the factors usually associated with inflation were present during this period. However, besides the quantifiable factors, such as money supply development, the political factors appear dominant in retrospect. There was an unspoken consensus among the economic elites that inflation was the lesser evil. The Reichsbank president rejected its independence. Industry saw the weakness of the currency as a welcome means to capture export markets. Politicians had other priorities than monetary stability. Eliminating domestic debt and maintaining social peace were more important to them. Only when the political wind changed could inflation also be defeated.
Zahlreiche Faktoren verringern die Erfolgs-aussichten von Grundsicherungsbeziehenden
Authors: Beste Jonas , Coban Mustafa , Trappmann Mark 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Who accomplishes a work-related exit from welfare benefit receipt for job-seekers and what prevents others from achieving it is a key question for practitioners and researchers. We use data from the Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) to examine the relevance of individual labour market barriers in this context. In particular, an age of 51 years or older, long-term benefit receipt, severe health limitations, lack of vocational qualifications, and poor German language skills worsen the chances of leaving welfare benefit receipt. The presence of children in the household reduce the chances of taking up employment for women only.
Mitte ohne Maß? Widersprüchliche Entlastungsforderungen
Authors: Bergmann Knut , Diermeier Matthias , Gensheimer Tim , Niehues Judith , Borgstedt Silke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An empirical analysis of voters’ demands for redistributive measures during the energy crisis in Germany reveals three characteristic features of inconsistent preferences. First, although people favour targeted support for the disadvantaged, they deviate from this principle when confronted with policy proposals. Second, policies are often evaluated along party preferences, thus contradicting the exclusion of higher-income classes from support policies. Third, drawing on the Sinus-Milieu model, we identify different mentalities that lead to disapproval of the attitudes towards the disadvantaged. We conclude that managing expectations through policies and fostering personal responsibility on the part of both beneficiaries and benefactors of the welfare state will be crucial for successful future transition policies.
Europas Finanzarchitektur im Umbruch
Authors: Stadler Wilfried 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since the start of the financial crisis in 2008, European economies have been hit by unprecedented exogenous shocks. The ECB has countered these with unconventional monetary policy, extraordinary high new fiscal borrowing and a permanent Stability Mechanism (ESM). On top of all that, in response to the coronavirus crisis, European Community Bonds have been issued for the first time. All of these new measures have proved helpful, but equally contradictory to the rules of the single currency as laid down in the Maastricht Treaty. The intertwining of monetary and fiscal policies is currently proving to be a precondition for the cohesion of the common currency. This makes it indispensable in the design of a resilient and credible new financial architecture for Europe.
Eine neue China-Strategie?
Authors: Hüther Michael , Klein Martin , Goux Maximilien , Kuhn Britta , Blum Ulrich 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
For some years now, China has been the most important economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity. The dominance of the Chinese economy seems to pose challenges to the industrial and trade policies of the classic industrialised countries. China has been viewed more critically in the USA and Europe, particularly since the presidency of Donald Trump. Both the Chinese social and economic model are the subject of controversial debates. In addition, China is gaining weight in relation to current geostrategic challenges, such as the tensions between the US and China in light of the discussion about the so-called Thucydides Trap. In this respect, it is understandable that a new "China strategy" is being debated.
Wasserstoff – Handlungsbedarf und Chancen im Zuge der Energiekrise
Authors: Grimm Veronika 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Climate neutrality in Europe towards the middle of the century requires the replacement of fossil fuels by the direct or indirect use of renewable electricity in the heating and mobility sectors as well as in industry. Direct electrification and the indirect route via hydrogen are complementary. Electrification must be driven forward ambitiously in all sectors. In an integrated energy system, indirect sector coupling via hydrogen and hydrogen-based energy carriers will optimally complement electrification.
Resilienz im Gesundheitswesen stärken
Authors: Jochimsen Beate 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In January 2023, the Health System Advisory Council published its latest report. It analyses the extent to which the German healthcare system is prepared for future crises and what changes are required to strengthen its resilience. Rarely has our country been hit by so many exogenous shocks at the same time. The COVID-19 pandemic, the war against Ukraine, climate change and the resulting disrupted supply chains, energy shortages, heat waves and forest fires pose challenges for practically all areas of life. However, they also affect people’s health. Despite the widespread perception before the pandemic that Germany is well organised and well prepared to deal with unexpected events, the health system did not perform as well as expected. One key result of the report is that problems mainly lie in the areas of data availability and use, implementation of well-known solutions and communication.
Industriepolitik: komplexe Verflechtungsstrukturen berücksichtigen
Authors: Michelsen Claus , Junker Simon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Debates on industrial policy surged in the wake of the current crises. Policymakers, however, should not lapse into conserving old structures which too often prove obsolete. Instead, key industries with high-quality jobs and future growth prospects must be identified. These are knowledge-intensive branches, intertwined with other economic sectors in more complex ways than usually acknowledged in standard input-output analyses. Optimal policy should account for these intra-industry linkages while facilitating the transformation to a green and modern industrial structure.
Zeitenwende für die Außenwirtschaftspolitik
Authors: Kamin Katrin , Bayerlein Michael , Dombrowski Jacqueline 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There is currently a geopoliticisation of foreign policy, which is primarily driven by dependencies on autocratic systems. Autocracies are constantly on the rise, especially when measured by the percentage distribution of the world population. Even though the EU still trades with significantly more democracies than autocracies, trade relations with autocracies are often characterised by strong dependencies, especially with regard to critical raw materials such as lithium or magnesium. This also applies to the market for medical products, where China in particular uses its position as the main supplier to expand its geopolitical influence. This, together with the fact that autocracies are generally more likely to impose trade restrictions than democracies, means that the EU needs a strategy for how to handle trade with autocratic regimes in the future.
Enthüllt die multiple Krisensituation Defizite bei politischen und ökonomischen Konzepten?
Authors: Schleicher Stefan P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
After a year of multiple crises, an initial assessment is made of the crisis management and the risks and challenges that are still to be expected. Evidence of this is provided by the Russian war’s effects on gas and electricity. As a benchmark for the necessary structural changes, reference is made to the current perspectives on sustainable transformations in energy and production. Finally, the previous practice of crisis management and its theoretical foundation are examined. Deficits in economic concepts, economic policy instruments and goal-oriented innovations are identified.
Auswirkungen des Ukrainekrieges auf die EU-Agrarpolitik
Authors: Lakner Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Ukraine war has had some serious impacts on international agricultural markets, as both Ukraine and Russia play an important role in the world market. Even before the war began, grain prices were high, indicating an already tight supply situation due to pandemic, climate extremes and regional armed conflicts. EU agricultural policy has reacted to ease the situation created by the war. The following article discusses the three potential policy reactions: 1) the suspension of fallow land as an agri-environmental measure, 2) the suspension of biofuel-blending and 3) the reduction of meat consumption.
Mehr Teilhabe ermöglichen – Wie Schüler:innen besser auf ihre berufliche Ausbildung vorbereitet werden können
Authors: Steiner Christine , Tillmann Frank 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In view of the cross-sectoral shortage of skilled workers in Germany, the structural deficits and dysfunctionalities in vocational education and training are currently being discussed intensively and, among other things, the further development of vocational orientation is recommended. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only massively limited the possibilities for vocational orientation, but has also made existing deficits more apparent. After a brief look at the status quo of vocational guidance, this article uses current findings to trace the possible consequences for young people and discusses some consequences for the future development of vocational guidance.
Was wir über Lernrückstände wissen (müssten)!
Authors: Schneider Kerstin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The effect of school closures and distance learning during the COVID19 pandemic on student achievement is still the subject of discussion. After the end of the pandemic-related restrictions, learning losses of students are being assessed and state programs were launched to help students catch up after Corona. However, to evaluate whether and how the programs have worked, reliable data on student achievement and a systematic monitoring of schools is needed. The paper argues that the data basis in Germany is not sufficient in an international comparison to fully assess the effects of the COVID19 pandemic on school students or to evaluate the government programs. This is a fundamental problem. The pandemic has only highlighted this once again.
Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Frühjahr 2023: Inflation im Kern hoch – Angebotskräfte jetzt stärken
Authors: Holtemöller Oliver , Kooths Stefan , Schmidt Torsten , Wollmershäuser Timo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The leading economic research institutes have raised their forecast for growth in German economic output in the current year to 0.3%. In the fall of 2022, they were still expecting a decline of 0.4%. The economic setback in the winter half-year 2022/2023 is likely to have been less severe than feared in the fall. The main reason for this is a smaller loss of purchasing power as a result of a significant drop in energy prices. Nevertheless, the rate of inflation will fall only slowly from 6.9% last year to 6.0% this year.
Solidarische Tilgung der Staatsschulden im Euroraum
Authors: Richter Wolfram F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There is no getting around a reform of the European Stability and Growth Pact. However, there is no reform model under discussion that can be expected to enforce compliance with public budget discipline more effectively than before. With this in mind, this paper argues in favour of shifting the competence to impose sanctions in the event of non-compliant behaviour from the community level to the intergovernmental level. This would increase the credibility of the sanction threat. The shift would not mean abandoning the previously introduced fiscal rules.
Ressourcenpartnerschaften für mehr Rohstoffsicherheit
Authors: Wolf André 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The transformation of the European industry toward climate-neutral technologies is creating a variety of new resource needs. Current supply routes are prone to disruption and threatened by increasing scarcity. Through the instrument of Strategic Resource Partnerships, the EU aims to build alternative supply chains that meet European needs for greater supply security and higher environmental standards by cooperating with selected third countries. To counter the risk of long-term instability in partnerships, the EU needs to provide sustainable growth perspectives, especially to low-income partner countries. The partner portfolio should be managed by the EU holistically according to risk-return aspects, with a focus on the right degree of supply route redundancy. A prerequisite is permanent monitoring based on, among other things, an expanded system of risk indicators.
Die orthodoxe Wirtschaftspolitik der SPD zwischen 1929 und 1933
Authors: Kowall Nikolaus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The SPD was not part of the government between 1930 and 1932, but tolerated the austerity and deflationary policies of the Brüning cabinet. The term tolerance suggests that the SPD supported the Brüning government against their economic policy convictions for the higher purpose of preserving democracy and peace. At least in the area of monetary and fiscal policy, however, it was more a matter of support than tolerance. Significant parts of the SPD even explicitly opposed early Keynesian ideas of an active economic policy. This gave the Nazis, of all people, the opportunity to appropriate an expansive economic policy programme developed by the trade unions and thus ultimately to use it for the labour movement. The zeal with which alternatives to orthodox economic policy were rejected can only be explained by the fact that the austerity and deflationary policies of the Brüning government coincided with the economic policy ideas and ideological convictions of many social democratic protagonists.
Betreuungsgeld – familienpolitische Leistung oder Hindernis bei der Arbeitsmarktintegration?
Authors: Fendel Tanja , Jochimsen Beate 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Significant gender gaps in labour market participation still exist in most countries. Nevertheless, from 2013 to 2015, there was a nationwide home care allowance for parents who did not use public childcare for children aged one to two years in Germany. Even after 2015, the home care allowance continued to exist in several federal German states. Using data from the Socio-Economic Panel, we exploit the differences in the design of home care allowance between the federal states and examine its effects on the labour market participation of mothers. For both immigrant and native-born mothers, the impact is significantly negative, i.e. such transfers reduce the labour market participation of mothers.
Kirchensteuereinnahmen sinken kaufkraftbereinigt
Authors: Hentze Tobias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The church tax revenue in 2022 was estimated at 13 billion euros. This is an increase of around 300 million euros compared to 2021. The Catholic Church accounted for around 6.8 billion euros in 2022, and the Protestant Church around 6.2 billion euros. However, further increases are likely to be rather small. This is mainly due to the shrinking number of taxpayers. In 2022, the number of people leaving churches has increased to a record level. In real terms, the two churches must therefore reckon with a drop in income. Adjusted for purchasing power, tax revenues are unlikely to reach the pre-crisis level of 2019 (around -10 %) or the level of 2022 (almost -4 %) by 2027.
Hayvansal Üretim Sistemlerinde Sera Gazı Emisyonlarının Etkisini Hafifletmeye Yönelik Öneriler
Authors: Akça Büşra , Ocak Yetişgin Sezen 
Published: June 2023

Hayvancılık faaliyetleri sonucunda atmosferde karbondioksit (CO2), metan (CH4) ve nitröz oksit (N2O) gazları açığa çıkmakta ve açığa çıkan bu gazlar küresel olarak iklim değişikliğine etki etmektedir. Hayvansal üretim önemli bir endüstri haline gelmiştir ve sera gazı emisyonlarının seviyelerini dikkate değer ölçüde arttırmıştır. Bu bağlamda, sera gazı emisyonlarını azaltma stratejilerinde hayvansal üretimin büyük bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Hayvansal üretim sistemlerinde sera gazı üretimini artıran bazı faktörler bulunmaktadır. Bu unsurlar arasında arazi kullanımı, enterik fermantasyon, gübre yönetimi ve işleme ve nakliye gibi unsurlar en üst sıralarda yer almaktadır. Anılan faktörler arasında enterik fermantasyon ruminantların yem alım seviyesine, yemlerin ruminantlar tarafından sindirilebilirliğine bağlı olarak sindirim sistemlerinde metan (CH4) gazı açığa çıkarmakta ve metan (CH4) emisyonlarını meydana getirmektedir. Ruminantların, diğer çiftlik hayvanlarına oranla daha yüksek biyokütleleri ve sindirim ürünleri nedeniyle sera gazı emisyonlarına etkisi daha fazladır. Sera gazını hafifletmeye yönelik yapılan son çalışmalarda, literatürde farklı azaltma stratejileri vurgulanmaktadır. Bu derleme makalede sera gazı emisyonlarını azaltmaya yönelik stratejiler ele alınmıştır.
Deep learning for image classification between primary central nervous system lymphoma and glioblastoma in corpus callosal tumors
Authors: Jaruenpunyasak Jermphiphut , Duangsoithong Rakkrit , Tunthanathip Thara 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
It can be challenging in some situations to distinguish primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from glioblastoma (GBM) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, especially those involving the corpus callosum. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of deep learning (DL) models between PCNSLs and GBMs in corpus callosal tumors.

Materials and Methods:
The axial T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced MRI scans of 274 individuals with pathologically confirmed PCNSL (n = 94) and GBM (n = 180) were examined. After image pooling, pre-operative MRI scans were randomly split with an 80/20 procedure into a training dataset (n = 709) and a testing dataset (n = 177) for DL model development. Therefore, the DL model was deployed as a web application and validated with the unseen images (n = 114) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC); other outcomes were calculated to assess the discrimination performance.

Results:
The first baseline DL model had an AUC of 0.77 for PCNSL when evaluated with unseen images. The 2nd model with ridge regression regularization and the 3rd model with drop-out regularization increased an AUC of 0.83 and 0.84. In addition, the last model with data augmentation yielded an AUC of 0.57.

Conclusion:
DL with regularization may provide useful diagnostic information to help doctors distinguish PCNSL from GBM.
TECNOLOGIA DIGITAL E COGNIÇÃO NUMÉRICA: PROPOSTA DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Souza Patricia Ferreira Concato de , Blanco Marilia Bazan , Coelho Neto Joao 
Published: June 2023

A Formação continuada proporciona ao professor aquisição de novos conhecimentos, além de compartilhar suas experiências pedagógicas e refletir sobre o seu desempenho em sala de aula. Considera-se uma extensão da formação inicial. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a concepção dos professores em relação a formação continuada, bem como a importância da participação em cursos que abordem a atuação em sala de aula, principalmente para o uso das Tecnologias Digitais. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são professores que lecionam em escolas públicas como em particulares. Nesta perspectiva, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionários e atividades práticas, durante cinco encontros que foram interpretados à luz da Análise Textual Discursiva. As reflexões propiciadas a partir do estudo possibilitou compreender que a formação continuada contribuiu de forma significativa e esclarecedora, pois apresentou o software LibreOffice® Impress, como um recurso tecnológico, bem como estudos científicos na área da Cognição Numérica.
Peran Trait Mindfulness terhadap Fear of Missing Out Pengguna Media Sosial
Authors: Witarso Laurentius Sandi 
Published: June 2023

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Abstract. </em></strong><em>Indonesia's increasing internet use has positive and negative impacts on social media users. The positive impact is maintaining communication, but on the other hand, it can lead to FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) which can interfere a person's mindfulness trait. This research aims to analyze the role of the trait mindfulness on FoMO of social media users. This research used FoMO Scale and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Measuring tools are distributed online using the convenience sampling method and it has got a total of 347 participants. The results of the regression test showed that the mindfulness trait dimensions significantly predicted FoMO F = 17.1; p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.20 which means that the mindfulness trait has a 20% contribution to the fear of missing out, while the other 80% is influenced by other factors. However, only acting dimensions with awareness and non-judging of inner experience have significant predictive coefficients.<br /></em><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>:<strong> </strong>social media, fear of missing out, trait mindfulness</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Meningkatnya penggunaan internet di Indonesia berdampak positif dan negatif bagi pengguna media sosial. Dampak positifnya adalah sebagai sarana untuk menjaga komunikasi, namun di sisi lain dapat memunculkan FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) yang dapat mengganggu <em>trait mindfulness </em>individu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran <em>trait mindfulness</em> terhadap FoMO pengguna media sosial. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah FoMO Scale dan <em>Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire</em><em>. </em>Alat ukur disebar melalui daring dengan metode <em>convenience sampling </em>dan didapatkan partisipan sebanyak 347 orang. Hasil uji regresi menunjukkan dimensi-dimensi <em>trait mindfulness </em>memprediksi FoMO secara signifikan F = 17,1; p &lt; 0,001, R<sup>2 </sup>= 0,20 yang berarti <em>trait mindfulneess </em>memiliki pengaruh kontribusi sebesar 20% terhadap <em>fear of missing out</em> sedangkan sebesar 80% lainnya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain selain <em>trait mindfulness</em>. Namun demikian hanya dimensi <em>acting with awareness </em>dan <em>non-judging of inner experience </em>yang memiliki koefisien prediksi signifikan. <br /><strong><em>Kata kunci :</em></strong><em> media sosial, fear of missing out, trait mindfulness</em></p>