bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the moral foundations of the criminal responsibility of legal persons
Authors: Федоров А.В. 
Published: March 2023

Статья посвящена нравственным основам уголовной ответственности юридических лиц. Нормы нравственности и права рассматриваются как социальные регуляторы, поддерживающие соблюдение правил жизни и обеспечивающие различные социально значимые интересы общества. Отмечается, что указанные нормы действуют в определенном правовом пространстве, в котором осуществляет свою деятельность не только человек как конкретный индивид, но и юридические лица, также являющиеся субъектами права. Они нередко нарушают установленные правила, что требует государственного реагирования, в том числе в виде установления различных видов ответственности. Часто противоправное деяние – это конечный продукт безнравственного поведения. При этом имеет место признание на государственном уровне безнравственности отдельных человеческих деяний путем трансформации представлений о нравственном поведении в нормы права. Происходящие изменения социально-экономических отношений дают возможность говорить о безнравственном поведении и преступлении не только применительно к конкретному человеку, но и к юридическому лицу. В новых условиях введение уголовной ответственности юридических лиц становится нравственно-правовым ориентиром, соответствующим современному социально-экономическому развитию России.
The article deals with the moral foundations of the criminal responsibility of legal persons. The norms of morality and law are considered as social regulators that support the rules of life and ensure various socially important interests of society. It is noted that these norms operate in a particular legal space in which not only an individual but also legal entities, which are also subjects of law, conduct their activities. They often violate the established rules, which requires a state response, including the establishment of various types of liability. Often a wrongful act is the end product of immoral behaviour. At the same time, the immorality of individual human acts is recognised at the state level by transforming ideas about moral behaviour into norms of law. The ongoing changes in social and economic relations provide an opportunity to talk about immoral behaviour and crime not only in relation to an individual but also to a legal person. Under the new conditions, the introduction of criminal liability of legal persons becomes moral and legal reference point corresponding to the modern social and economic development of Russia.
Secrecy of the investigation and the implementation of the defense: problems of delimitation
Authors: Батурина Е.В. , Дармаева В.Д. 
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, возникающие при применении норм уголовно-процессуального законодательства о недопустимости разглашения данных предварительного расследования. Отмечается, что у сторон обвинения и защиты в уголовном процессе сложился различный подход к толкованию и применению требований закона. Для разрешения сложившей конфликтной ситуации авторы предлагают конкретизировать процессуальный порядок использования информации и сведений, полученных по уголовному делу; содержание и объем сведений, на которые распространяется правовой режим охраны; основания применения мер защиты и законные способы распространения информации. Отмечается, что лицам, осуществляющим защиту по уголовным делам, должна быть гарантирована реализация предоставленных законом полномочий.
The article deals with issues that arise when applying the norms of criminal procedure legislation on the inadmissibility of disclosing data from a preliminary investigation. It is noted that the parties to the prosecution and defense in criminal proceedings have developed a different approach to the interpretation and application of the requirements of the law. To resolve the current conflict situation, the authors propose to specify the procedural order for the use of information and information obtained in a criminal case; the content and scope of the information covered by the legal regime of protection; grounds for the application of protection measures and legal ways of disseminating information. Persons carrying out defense in criminal cases should be guaranteed the exercise of the powers granted by law.
Impact of a simulation-based interprofessional workshop (LINKS) on Portuguese healthcare students’ perception of roles and competencies: a quasi-experimental pilot study
Authors: Sa-Couto Carla , Fernandes Filipa , Carvalho Pinto Cristina , Loureiro Elizabete , Cerqueira Carla 
Published: March 2023

There is a scarcity of simulation-based interprofessional (IP) programs in Portugal, with a notorious absence in undergraduate education. This paper describes the first step towards the development of an interprofessional education (IPE) undergraduate program, namely the implementation and preliminary assessment of the workshop LINKS – Lifting INterprofessional Knowledge through Simulation. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the educational effect of LINKS, in medical and nursing undergraduate students’ attitudes towards IP teamwork and collaborative practices, and their perception of roles and competencies within an IP team.
A total of 23 final-year students participated in the workshop. Teams of three or four elements (medical and nursing students) were exposed to two critical patient management simulation scenarios. To assess the impact of the workshop on students’ perception of IP collaborative practice, two surveys (ATTITUDES and IPEC) were applied before and after the workshop. Additionally, students’ opinion/satisfaction towards the workshop and its curricular integration was explored.
Students’ awareness of the relevancy of IP learning and self-competency in IP practice improved. For all subdomains and overall scores, statistically significant differences were found when comparing the pre- and post-scores, for both medical and nursing students, in both surveys. All students agreed that the workshop added educational value to their training, and recommended its integration in the formal curriculum, with a first round in the penultimate year and repeated in the last year.
Considering the pre–post test results and anecdotal comments shared during the session, we may infer that this single IPE event contributed to a clearer understanding of the team dynamic and individual role definition, increased the motivation to engage in collaborative practice between physicians and nurses and potentially challenged pre-existent stereotypes of each professional group. These findings corroborate the need for sustainable simulation-based IP programs, integrated in the undergraduate curricula, promoting early clinical interactions of different professional groups. We envision that the results of this study can help to inform future curriculum planning and provide useful insights that can be used within and between Portuguese institutions to develop a common IP undergraduate program.
Spatial Variability of Elastic Modulus of Rock Mass and Response Analysis of Roadway Deformation
Authors: Han Xi , Han Xianjun 
Published: March 2023

Based on the viewpoint that the rock and soil are not homogeneous materials, the spatial variability of its mechanical parameters should be considered, and the influence of the spatial variability of the elastic modulus of the rock mass on the roadway deformation should be considered. Taking a coal mine roadway as the background, the spatial variability of elastic modulus of rock mass is characterized by means of random field theory. The random field data is simulated by Matlab software and the random field is discretized. The random field data is imported into each grid in the Abaqus model through Python language, and then the numerical model is operated in batches to obtain the displacement data of key points of the roadway and surrounding rock, which is consistent with the actual engineering. The displacement data is analyzed and processed based on the reliability method, and the contour map of the roadway surrounding rock reliability index is calculated. Through the analysis, it can be concluded that the simulation accuracy of this method meets the engineering requirements, and the isoline distribution of the reliability index conforms to the engineering practice, which is a good way to analyze the reliability of the roadway structure.
Evolución de la igualdad salarial desde la jurisprudencia y la normativa, en el Perú
Authors: ZUTA PALACIOS KARLA 
Published: March 2023

En la actualidad, apreciamos evidentes esfuerzos para consolidar el derecho la igualdad salarial, desde el aspecto jurisprudencial, administrativo y a través de la emisión de diferentes leyes que nos permitan superar los distintos fenómenos sociales que han limitados históricamente el acceso a este derecho.
En este artículo revisamos los principales aspectos de este derecho y proponemos mecanismos para su adecuada implementación en el centro de trabajo.
La importancia de los espacios de cuidado y la corresponsabilidad entre géneros en el ámbito laboral
Authors: QUIÑONES INFANTE SERGIO 
Published: March 2023

El objeto del presente artículo es analizar y sustentar la importancia crucial que tienen los espacios de cuidado, de manera particular, y la corresponsabilidad entre géneros, de manera más amplia, para alcanzar una efectiva igualdad de oportunidades por razón de género en el mercado de trabajo.
En ese sentido, buscamos que nuestros argumentos sirvan para fomentar que en el ámbito laboral del sector privado se acuerden e implementen medidas que permitan ampliar la actual oferta de espacios de cuidado en favor de los hijos e hijas menores de edad de las y los trabajadores, así como medidas que -en general- promuevan la corresponsabilidad entre géneros y la redistribución de la carga de responsabilidades familiares entre hombres y mujeres.
En definitiva, esperamos contribuir a que el Estado peruano cumpla la meta 8.5 de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible al 2030: empleo pleno, productivo y decente para todas las mujeres y hombres, incluidos jóvenes y personas con discapacidad, así como igualdad de remuneración por trabajo de igual valor.
A Review on the Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Management of COVID-19 Disease in South African Children in Comparison to the World
Authors: Emily Binyane Moleboheng , Hildah Mfengwana Polo-Ma-Abiele 
Published: March 2023

The first case of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in South Africa (SA) was first reported at the beginning of March 2022, and then further spread from Gauteng, Western Cape, and KwaZulu Natal to the rest of the provinces. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In SA, COVID-19 is less prevalent in children less than 18 years. Only a few studies describe the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical manifestation of COVID-19 among children in SA in comparison to other countries including China, North America, and Europe. South African children are affected by conditions including poverty, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus which predispose them to COVID-19. Overcrowding and limited healthcare facilities and resources also complicated the diagnosis and clinical and pharmacological management of COVID-19 in SA. The current review discusses the prevalence, risk factors, and management of COVID-19 in South African children in comparison to other continents in the world.
Alianzas educativas para la implementación en francés de las competencias clave para la sostenibilidad en el área STEM
Authors: Lozano Rivas Fernando , Brement Marvin 
Published: March 2023

The aim of this research is to offer the results obtained after developing an educational project within the framework of the 2030 Agenda, as a result of the commitment acquired between different educational entities to promote alliances that open up new possibilities for learning. This connection between different educational actors, under the preconisation of the alliances promoted by Sustainable Development Goal 17 (SDG 17), has made it possible to boost the sustainable conciousness of students in the STEM area, working on current content and that of their immediate environment related to the SDGs, using French as a vehicular language and developing the key competences for sustainability published in 2017 by UNESCO. Using a quantitative method, the pre-test and post-test carried out on the students using the revised New Ecological Paradigm (NPE) scale are analysed. The results of the educational experience show improvements in the environmental awareness of the participants, which allows us to affirm that the proposed methodological approach is in line with the roadmap for the promotion of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) initiated by the UN in 2015, specified by UNESCO in 2017 and recommended by the Ministry of Development in 2019.
El objetivo de la presente investigación es ofrecer los resultados obtenidos tras desarrollar un proyecto educacional en el marco de la Agenda 2030, fruto del compromiso adquirido entre diferentes entidades educativas para promover alianzas que abran nuevas posibilidades para el aprendizaje. Esta conexión entre diferentes actores educativos, bajo la preconización de las alianzas que fomenta el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 17 (ODS 17), ha permitido potenciar la concienciación sostenible de los alumnos del área STEM, trabajando contenidos actuales y de su entorno más próximo relacionados con los ODS, empleando el francés como lengua vehicular y desarrollando las competencias clave para la sostenibilidad publicadas en 2017 por la UNESCO. Mediante un método cuantitativo, se analizan el pretest y postest realizados a los alumnos empleando la escala Nuevo Paradigma Ecológico (NPE) revisada. Los resultados de la experiencia educativa muestran mejoras en la concienciación ambiental de los participantes, lo que permite afirmar que el enfoque metodológico propuesto, se suma a la hoja de ruta para el fomento de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (EDS) iniciada por la ONU en 2015, precisada por la UNESCO en 2017 y recomendada por el Ministerio de Fomento en 2019.
Influence of Weather Factors on Incidence and Infestation of Shoot and Fruit Borer in Brinjal
Authors: Panda Shrutilipi , Mohanty Tushar Ranjan , Nayak Uma Shankar , Rath Bama Shankar , Dugal Deepanjali 
Published: March 2023

Aims: To correlate the influence of weather variables on population dynamics, incidence and infestation of Brinjal shoot and fruit Borer (BFSB) in Brinjal.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station (RRTTS) at Ranital, Bhadrak Odisha and at Instructional Farm at OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha for period of 1 year.
Methodology: The population of Brinjal shoot and fruit Borer were recorded from transplanting to harvest of the crop. Five random plants were selected and tagged for observation recording, except boarder plants. To determine the percentage of affected shoots, brinjal plants showing signs of delicate shoots drooping, withering, and drying were counted. Similarly, the population was correlated with weather conditions and the number of fruits showing signs of bore holes on fruits was tallied to estimate the percent fruit infection.
Results: The investigation indicates that quantitatively establish the relationship of weather parameters as varied with the dates of sowing (23 May,20 November2021, 21 January2022) and Brinjal fruit and shoot borer (BFSB).The studies revealed that the peak population of brinjal shoot and fruit borer was observed during 34th SMW (22-28 August), 5th SMW(30 January- 5 February) and 18th SMW(1-7May) with shoot infestation(38.44%), (11.10%) and (57.99%) respectively. The fruit was infested with a peak of 47.55%, 27.07% and 63.84% on 39th SMW (26 September- 2 October), 9th SMW (27February-5March) and 18th SMW (1-8May) respectively. The BSFB shows positive significant correlation with relative humidity.
Conclusion: The population of BSFB fluctuates with change in temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity. On first sowing date BSFB population has a less population dynamics comparatively to other two sowing dates. So it is concluded for early sowing results in less pest population.
Field Screening of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes against Turcicum Leaf Blight (TLB) under Artificial Conditions
Authors: Keerthana D. , Haritha T. , Kumar I. Sudhir , Ramesh D. 
Published: March 2023

Background: There are a variety of critical problems facing tropical maize cultivation, such as disease infestation, insect/pest and weed problems. Foliar diseases in particular cause significant losses in agricultural yield. Leaf blight, known as northern leaf blight, is a disease of maize leaves caused by an overgrowth fungus. Therefore, it was necessary to develop sources of resistance to TLB and then a field experiment was conducted to study the performance of 64 (44 test crosses, 11 lines, 4 examiners and 5 assays) During Spring 2021-22 at the Agricultural College Farm, Babatla.
Methods: Screening was carried under field conditions by adopting an artificial disease inoculation technique Disease score was recorded at tasseling, 20 DAT and maturity stages by using 1-9 scale.
Results and Discussion: At maturity stage 12 crosses, seven lines and one check showed resistant reaction (R); 25 crosses, 4 inbreds, one check showed moderately resistant reaction (MR); 7 crosses, 3 inbreds and one check showed moderately susceptible reaction (MS) and one inbred, two checks showed susceptible reaction (S) under field screening.
Conclusion: The lines VL171488-2, VL18828, VL19705-8, VL18142, VL175869, SNL19582-22 and tester LM13 showed resistant disease reaction for TLB pathogen at phenotypic level. These lines can be used in future TLB resistance breeding programmes.
Standard vs Augmented Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation for Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence
Authors: Nair Girish M. , Birnie David H. , Nery Pablo B. , Redpath Calum J. , Sarrazin Jean-Francois , Roux Jean-Francois , Parkash Ratika , Bernier Martin , Sterns Laurence D. , Sapp John , Novak Paul , Veenhuyzen George , Morillo Carlos A. , Singh Sheldon M. , Sadek Mouhannad M. , Golian Mehrdad , Klein Andres , Sturmer Marcio , Chauhan Vijay S. , Angaran Paul , Green Martin S. , Bernick Jordan , Wells George A. , Essebag Vidal 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceRecurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) commonly occurs after catheter ablation and is associated with patient morbidity and health care costs.ObjectiveTo evaluate the superiority of an augmented double wide-area circumferential ablation (WACA) compared with a standard single WACA in preventing recurrent atrial arrhythmias (AA) (atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, or atrial fibrillation [AF]) in patients with paroxysmal AF.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a pragmatic, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open, blinded end point superiority clinical trial conducted at 10 university-affiliated centers in Canada. The trial enrolled patients 18 years and older with symptomatic paroxysmal AF from March 2015 to May 2017. Analysis took place between January and April 2022. Analyses were intention to treat.InterventionsPatients were randomized (1:1) to receive radiofrequency catheter ablation for pulmonary vein isolation with either a standard single WACA or an augmented double WACA.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was AA recurrence between 91 and 365 days postablation. Patients underwent 42 days of ambulatory electrocardiography monitoring after ablation. Secondary outcomes included need for repeated catheter ablation and procedural and safety variables.ResultsOf 398 patients, 195 were randomized to the single WACA (control) arm (mean [SD] age, 60.6 [9.3] years; 65 [33.3%] female) and 203 to the double WACA (experimental) arm (mean [SD] age, 61.5 [9.3] years; 66 [32.5%] female). Overall, 52 patients (26.7%) in the single WACA arm and 50 patients (24.6%) in the double WACA arm had recurrent AA at 1 year (relative risk, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.66-1.29; P = .64). Twenty patients (10.3%) in the single WACA arm and 15 patients (7.4%) in the double WACA arm underwent repeated catheter ablation (relative risk, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.38-1.36). Adjudicated serious adverse events occurred in 13 patients (6.7%) in the single WACA arm and 14 patients (6.9%) in the double WACA arm.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial of patients with paroxysmal AF, additional ablation by performing a double ablation lesion set did not result in improved freedom from recurrent AA compared with a standard single ablation set.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02150902
Prevalence of Myopia in Children Before, During, and After COVID-19 Restrictions in Hong Kong
Authors: Zhang Xiu Juan , Zhang Yuzhou , Kam Ka Wai , Tang Fangyao , Li Yi , Ng Mandy P. H. , Young Alvin L. , Ip Patrick , Tham Clement C. , Chen Li Jia , Pang Chi Pui , Yam Jason C. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceChildhood myopia increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited evidence exists about whether myopia development was reversed or worsened after the lockdown.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of myopia and its associated factors before, during, and after COVID-19 restrictions.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based, repeated cross-sectional study evaluated children aged 6 to 8 years from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study between 2015 and 2021 in 3 cohorts: before COVID-19 (2015-2019), during COVID-19 restrictions (2020), and after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted (2021).ExposuresAll the children received ocular examinations, including cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length. Data about the children’s lifestyle, including time spent outdoors, near-work time, and screen time, were collected from a standardized questionnaire.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were the prevalence of myopia, mean spherical equivalent refraction, axial length, changes in lifestyle, and the associated factors over 7 years. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and generalized estimating equations.ResultsOf 20 527 children (mean [SD] age, 7.33 [0.89] years; 52.8% boys and 47.2% girls), myopia prevalence was stable from 2015 to 2019 (23.5%-24.9%; P = .90) but increased to 28.8% (P &amp;lt; .001) in 2020 and 36.2% (P &amp;lt; .001) in 2021. The mean (SD) time spent outdoors was much lower in 2020 (0.85 [0.53] h/d; P &amp;lt; .001) and 2021 (1.26 [0.48] h/d; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with pre–COVID-19 levels (1.40 [0.47]-1.46 [0.65] h/d). The trend was reversed for total near-work time and screen time. High myopia prevalence was associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% CI, 1.28-1.54; P &amp;lt; .001), younger age (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.76-1.93; P &amp;lt; .001), male sex (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.21; P = .007), lower family income (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00-1.09; P = .04), and parental myopia (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.52-1.70; P &amp;lt; .001). During the pandemic, mean (SD) near-work and screen times in children from lower-income families were 5.16 (2.05) h/d and 3.44 (1.97) h/d, more than from higher-income families (4.83 [1.85] and 2.90 [1.61] h/d, respectively).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study revealed that after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted in Hong Kong, myopia prevalence among children was higher than before the pandemic, and lifestyle did not return to pre–COVID-19 levels. Younger children and those from low-income families were at a higher risk of myopia development during the pandemic, suggesting that collective efforts for myopia control should be advocated for these groups.