bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of liposoluble components of highland barley spent grains on physiological indexes, intestinal microorganisms, and the liver transcriptome in mice fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Zhang Jiali , Luo Yihao , Feng Shengbao , Sun Wancheng , Li Shanwen , Kong Lingwu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the active ingredients of barley lees on the physiological indexes, intestinal flora, and liver transcriptome of mice fed a high‐fat diet. Twenty‐four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. The results showed that the fat‐soluble components of distillers' grains significantly reduced body weight, abdominal fat, perirenal fat, blood glucose, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol in the high‐fat diet‐fed mice (p < .05), significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase and malondialdehyde levels, and significantly increased total superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels (p < .05). At the phylum level, lipid‐soluble components significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Clostridium were increased. Transcriptomic analysis showed that lipid‐soluble components of spent grains reduced the mRNA expression of ANGPTL8, CD36, PLTP, and SOAT1 and increased the mRNA expression of CYP7A1 and ABCA1 in the cholesterol metabolism pathway, promoted the transport of cholesterol, and inhibited the absorption of cholesterol, which can decrease cholesterol levels by speeding up the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids.
Effect of different extraction methods on antioxidant properties and encapsulation efficiency of anthocyanin of pomegranate peel
Authors: Zahed Niloofar , Esmaeilzadeh Kenari Reza , Farahmandfar Reza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to measure the efficiency, total anthocyanin content (TAC), and total phenol content (TPC) of pomegranate peel powder (PPP) extract from different extractions. Also, the characteristics of the nanoencapsulated extracts with maltodextrin (MD)/Lepidium perfoliatum (Qodume Shahri) seed gum were investigated. The highest and lowest extraction efficiency was related to solvent ethanol–water extraction (SEWE) (76.35%) and solvent ethanol extraction (SEE) (25.73%), respectively. Extracts obtained from microwave extraction (ME) and ultrasound extraction (UE) methods had the highest and lowest values of TAC (4.00–0.35) (mg C3G/g PPP) and TPC (702.13–232.58) (mg GAE/100 g sample), respectively. Peak 3213 in FT‐IR indicates the O–H bond, which showed the highest content of phenolic compounds in the extract obtained from ME compared with SEE, SEWE, and UE. The nanoencapsulated extracts from SEE, SEE, and UE had the lowest particle size of peak 1, particle distribution in peak 1, and average particle size distribution compared with other extractions, respectively. The highest encapsulation efficiency of anthocyanin (EEA) and encapsulation efficiency of phenol (EEP) were related to UE (96.15%) and SEWE (86.57%), respectively. The EEP and EEA of SEE were not significantly different from ME and SEWE, respectively. On the other hand, the type and amount of extractive compounds in the extract have a great impact on the efficiency of nanoencapsulation and the average size distribution of nanoencapsulated particles. As a result, PPP extract is rich in antioxidant compounds, which can be determined by carefully examining the appropriate method of extraction and preservation of the extracted compounds.
Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant stability of spray‐dried soy peptide fractions
Authors: Akbarbaglu Zahra , Tamjidi Fardin , Sarabandi Khashayar , Ayaseh Ali 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe direct addition of health‐promoting peptides to food products is limited due to their physicochemical instability and bitter taste as well as their bio‐functionality may be influenced by MW. In this study, SPI hydrolysate (SPIH) was Alcalase‐prepared, size‐fractionated (<10, 10–30, and 30–100 kD), and the amino acid composition of peptide fractions determined. The physicochemical properties, morphology, and antioxidant stability of the fractions were also investigated after spray‐drying encapsulation in maltodextrin‐WPC carrier. The two low MW peptide fractions (especially, PF < 10) were more active than intact SPI, SPIH, and high MW peptide fraction in scavenging free radicals and chelating transition metal ions. As compared to the particles containing SPIH, those containing the smallest peptide fraction (PF < 10) had higher solubility and hygroscopicity, lower production yield and wettability, and more wrinkles, indentations and surface roughness. The highest antioxidant stability during spray‐drying was observed for the two low MW peptide fractions, which examined by scavenging of free radicals of DPPH (88%), ABTS (97%), OH (93%) and NO (80%), chelating of iron (88%) and copper (87–90%) ions, reducing power (93%), and total antioxidant activity (90%). This finding reflects more structural and biological stability of the low MW fractions to shear stress and dehydration during spray‐drying, as compared with SPIH. The spray‐drying encapsulated soy peptide fractions may be used as nutraceuticals for the development of functional foods.
Optimization of sonication time, edible coating concentration, and osmotic solution °Brix for the dehydration process of quince slices using response surface methodology
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Goharpour Kimia , Razavi Kamran Helia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe goal of this work was to examine the effects of sonication time, edible coating concentration (with guar gum), and °Brix (sucrose solution) on the osmotic dehydration (OD) parameters (mass reduction, water loss, soluble solids gain, and rehydration ratio) and the appearance properties (color indices and surface area) of quince slices using a response surface methodology (RSM) approach based on the central composite design (CCD), for the optimization of the process. The process parameters, sonication treatment time (5–10 min; 40 kHz and 150 W), edible coating concentration using guar gum (0.05%–0.15%, w/w), and osmotic concentration using sucrose solution (20%–50%, w/w), were investigated and optimized for OD of quince slices. After each OD process, the quince slices were dehydrated in an oven at 70°C for 240 min. Results demonstrated a good correlation between empirical data with the linear model. Using the optimization method, optimum input operating conditions were determined to be a sonication time of 5 min, guar gum concentration of 0.05%, and sucrose concentration of 37.19°Brix. At this optimum point, the OD process of quince slices reached the optimal mass reduction (17.74%), water loss (25.77%), soluble solids gain (8.03%), rehydration ratio (206.19%), lightness (77.6), redness (0.60), yellowness (34.84), total color change (ΔE) (8.92), and area changes (7.59%).
Guidance on the use of complex systems models for economic evaluations of public health interventions
Authors: Breeze Penny R. , Squires Hazel , Ennis Kate , Meier Petra , Hayes Kate , Lomax Nik , Shiell Alan , Kee Frank , de Vocht Frank , O’Flaherty Martin , Gilbert Nigel , Purshouse Robin , Robinson Stewart , Dodd Peter J , Strong Mark , Paisley Suzy , Smith Richard , Briggs Andrew , Shahab Lion , Occhipinti Jo‐An , Lawson Kenny , Bayley Thomas , Smith Robert , Boyd Jennifer , Kadirkamanathan Visakan , Cookson Richard , Hernandez‐Alava Monica , Jackson Christopher H. , Karapici Amanda , Sassi Franco , Scarborough Peter , Siebert Uwe , Silverman Eric , Vale Luke , Walsh Cathal , Brennan Alan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo help health economic modelers respond to demands for greater use of complex systems models in public health. To propose identifiable features of such models and support researchers to plan public health modeling projects using these models. A working group of experts in complex systems modeling and economic evaluation was brought together to develop and jointly write guidance for the use of complex systems models for health economic analysis. The content of workshops was informed by a scoping review. A public health complex systems model for economic evaluation is defined as a quantitative, dynamic, non‐linear model that incorporates feedback and interactions among model elements, in order to capture emergent outcomes and estimate health, economic and potentially other consequences to inform public policies. The guidance covers: when complex systems modeling is needed; principles for designing a complex systems model; and how to choose an appropriate modeling technique. This paper provides a definition to identify and characterize complex systems models for economic evaluations and proposes guidance on key aspects of the process for health economics analysis. This document will support the development of complex systems models, with impact on public health systems policy and decision making.
Double trouble: Synchronous and metachronous primaries confound ctHPVDNA monitoring
Authors: Naegele Saskia , Efthymiou Vasileios , Hirayama Shun , Zhao Brian Y. , Das Dipon , Chan Annie W. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Iafrate A. John , Faden Daniel L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus‐associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV + HNSCC) occurs in the oropharynx (HPV + OPSCC), sinonasal cavity (HPV + SNSCC), and nasopharynx (HPV + NPC). Circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA) is an accurate tool for diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and recurrence detection. An emerging challenge with ctHPVDNA is that ~7.4% of HPV + HNSCC patients develop synchronous or metachronous HPV+ primaries, which could confound ctHPVDNA monitoring.MethodsWe describe a 65‐year‐old patient with T2N1M0 HPV16 + OPSCC and a 55‐year‐old patient with T2N2M0 HPV16 + OPSCC. Both patients were enrolled in our prospective observational ctHPVDNA study with longitudinal blood collections throughout treatment. Both patients developed multiple HPV+ primaries.ResultsDetailed discussion of the patients' treatment courses, the subsequent diagnoses of their second HPV+ primaries, and their ctHPVDNA monitoring is presented.ConclusionsAs ctHPVDNA use becomes more prevalent, it is important to recognize that an increase in ctHPVDNA can come not only from the primary tumor or metastatic clones, but also from synchronous or metachronous second primaries.
Comparison of the impacts of dermoscopy image augmentation methods on skin cancer classification and a new augmentation method with wavelet packets
Authors: Goceri Evgin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work aims to determine the most suitable technique for dermoscopy image augmentation to improve the performance of lesion classifications. Also, a new augmentation technique based on wavelet packet transformations has been developed. The contribution of this work is five‐fold. First, a comprehensive review of the methods used for dermoscopy image augmentation has been presented. Second, a new augmentation method has been developed. Third, the augmentation methods have been implemented with the same images for meaningful comparisons. Fourth, three network architectures have been implemented to see the effects of the augmented images obtained from each augmentation method on classifications. Fifth, the results of the same classifier trained separately using expanded data sets have been compared with five different metrics. The proposed augmentation method increases the classification accuracy by at least 4.77% compared with the accuracy values obtained from the same classifier with other augmentation methods.
Shifting mediates gendered racial microaggressions and perceived racism among Asian American women
Authors: Gamst Glenn , Ma‐Kellams Christine , Meyers Lawrence S. , Arellano‐Morales Leticia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionMicroaggressive attacks on Asian American women increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The present study tested whether Asian American women's shifting, a coping strategy employed by some women of color to alter their self‐presentation in response to perceived racism, mediated the association between gendered racial microaggressions and self‐perceived subtle and blatant racism.MethodsA convenience sample of 253 Asian American adult women completed the gendered racial microaggressions scale for Asian American women (GRMSAAW), the Asian American women's shifting scale (AsAWSS), and the subtle and blatant racism scale for Asian American college students (SABR‐A2).ResultsResults from a structural equation model indicated a partial mediation effect; experiences with increased gendered racial microaggressions were associated with greater levels of shifting, which in turn, were associated with greater perceived subtle and blatant racism.DiscussionThese data extend our understanding of the shifting coping mechanism used by some Asian American women. Implications for clinical practice and future research are also discussed.
The multifaceted consequences and economic costs of child anxiety problems: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pollard Jack , Reardon Tessa , Williams Chloe , Creswell Cathy , Ford Tamsin , Gray Alastair , Roberts Nia , Stallard Paul , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Violato Mara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOver a quarter of people have an anxiety disorder at some point in their life, with many first experiencing difficulties during childhood or adolescence. Despite this, gaps still exist in the current evidence base of the multiple consequences of childhood anxiety problems and their costs.MethodsA systematic review of Medline, PsycINFO, EconLit and the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database was conducted for longitudinal and economic studies reporting on the association between childhood anxiety problems and at least one individual‐, family‐ or societal‐level outcome or cost. All studies were synthesised narratively. For longitudinal studies, ‘effect direction’ was used as a common metric, with random effects meta‐analysis undertaken where possible.ResultsEighty‐three studies met inclusion criteria and were synthesised narratively. We identified 788 separate analyses from the longitudinal studies, which we grouped into 15 overarching outcome domains. Thirteen of the studies were incorporated into 13 meta‐analyses, which indicated that childhood anxiety disorders were associated with future anxiety, mood, behaviour and substance disorders. Narrative synthesis also suggested associations between anxiety problems and worse physical health, behaviour, self‐harm, eating, relationship, educational, health care, employment, and financial outcomes. ‘Effect direction’ was conflicting in some domains due to a sparse evidence base. Higher economic costs were identified for the child, their families, healthcare providers and wider society, although evidence was limited and only covered short follow‐up periods, up to a maximum of 2 years. Total annual societal costs per anxious child were up to £4040 (2021 GBP).ConclusionsChildhood anxiety problems are associated with impaired outcomes in numerous domains, and considerable economic costs, which highlight the need for cost‐effective interventions and policies to tackle them. More economic evidence is needed to inform models of the long‐term, economic‐related, consequences of childhood anxiety problems.
An MRI‐Based Prognostic Stratification System for Medical Decision‐Making of Multinodular Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Beyond the Milan Criteria
Authors: Wu Fei , Ni Xiaoyan , Sun Haitao , Zhou Changwu , Huang Peng , Xiao Yuyao , Yang Li , Yang Chun , Zeng Mengsu 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe suitability of hepatectomy among patients with multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (MHCC) beyond the Milan criteria remains controversial. There is a need for a reliable risk stratification tool among these patients for the selection of ideal candidates of curative resection.PurposeTo determine the clinicoradiological prognostic factors for patients with MHCC beyond the Milan criteria to further develop a stratification system.Study TypeRetrospective.Subjects176 patients with pathologically confirmed MHCC beyond the Milan criteria.Field Strength/SequenceThe 1.5 T scanner, including T1‐, T2‐, diffusion‐weighted imaging, in/out‐phase imaging, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging.AssessmentConventional MRI features and preoperative laboratory data including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and α‐fetoprotein (AFP) were collected and analyzed. Two nomograms incorporating clinicoradiological variables were independently constructed to predict recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) with Cox regression analyses and verified with 5‐fold cross validation. Based on the nomograms, two prognostic stratification systems for RFS and OS were further developed.Statistical TestsThe Cohen's kappa/intraclass correlation coefficient, C‐index, calibration curve, Kaplan–Meier curve, log‐rank test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAST > 40 U/L, increased tumor burden score, radiological liver cirrhosis and nonsmooth tumor margin were independent predictors for poor RFS, while AST > 40 U/L, AFP > 400 ng/mL and radiological liver cirrhosis were independent predictors for poor OS. The two nomograms demonstrated good discrimination performance with C‐index of 0.653 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.602–0.794) and 0.685 (95% CI, 0.623–0.747) for RFS and OS, respectively. The 5‐fold cross validation further validated the discrimination capability of the nomograms. Based on the nomogram models, MHCC patients beyond the Milan criteria were stratified into low−/medium−/high‐risk groups with significantly different RFS and OS.Data ConclusionThe proposed MRI‐based prognostic stratification system facilitates the refinement and further subclassification of patients with MHCC beyond the Milan criteria.Evidence Level4.Technical Efficacy2.
Proteotypic peptides of hairs for the identification of common European domestic and wild animal species revealed by in‐sample protein digestion and mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Kuckova Stepanka , Smirnova Tatiana Anatolievna , Straka David , Meledina Alena , Santrucek Jiri , Humpolakova Karin , Hoskova Martina , Cejnar Pavel , Hynek Radovan 
Published: April 2023

The aim of this work is to offer an alternative or complementary analytical tool to the time‐consuming and expensive methods commonly used for the recognition of animal species according to their hair. The paper introduces a simple and fast way for species differentiation of animal hairs called in‐sample digestion. A total of 10 European animal species, including cat, cow, common degu, dog, fallow deer, goat, horse, sika deer, rabbit, roe deer, and 17 different breeds of dogs were examined using specific tryptic cleavage directly in hair followed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight. Principal component analysis was used for the subsequent mass spectrometric data evaluation.This novel approach demonstrates the ability to distinguish among individual animal species, which is supported by finding characteristic m/z values obtained by the mass spectrometry for each animal species. The approach was successfully tested on two “blind” samples. On the other hand, the attempt to distinguish among hairs of different dog breeds has not been successful due to the very similar protein composition and their amino acid sequences.
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer based on dynamically established metal‐mediated binding sites for the determination of trace captopril in rat plasma
Authors: He Kunlin , Cao Yu , Chen Qian , Yang Shuling , Chen Min , Shan Lianhai 
Published: April 2023

Therapeutic drug monitoring of captopril, which is a commonly used antihypertensive agent in clinical practice, is necessary. However, matrix effect‐induced pretreatment is the bottleneck for determination. Metal‐mediated molecularly imprinted polymers, an essential branch of molecularly imprinted polymers with better specificity and selectivity, have been used to separate/enrich analytes from complex matrices. In this work, Cu2+ was introduced to dynamically establish the binding sites of metal‐mediated molecularly imprinted polymer towards captopril. All evidence demonstrated that the metal‐mediated molecularly imprinted polymer based on Cu2+ coordination obtained a higher adsorption capacity (81.23 mg/g), faster adsorption rate (adsorption equilibrium within 50 min), and better selectivity (with the unrecognized analog). Subsequently, the Cu2+‐mediated molecularly imprinted polymer was used as dispersive molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction to successfully establish an analytical platform for the determination of trace captopril in rat plasma. The enrichment factor was up to 20, the detection limit was as low as 0.16 μg/ml, and the average recovery was in the range of 87.51%–98.28% with a relative standard deviation of less than 3.29%. This study provides a promising reference for the preparation of selective adsorbents to improve pretreatment.
Race and sex demographics in the surgical management of facial nerve palsy
Authors: Crawford Kayva L. , Ball Laurel L. , Kalavacherla Sandhya , Greene Jacqueline J. , Nguyen Quyen T. , Orosco Ryan K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveFacial palsy affects patients of all backgrounds, yet no existing studies describe differences in its treatment patterns between demographic groups.MethodsWe used the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database to investigate whether race and sex disparities exist in facial reanimation surgery. Patients were identified using CPT codes corresponding to facial‐nerve procedures.ResultsSeven hundred sixty‐one patients met criteria; 681 self‐identified as White (89.5%), 51 as Black (6.7%), 43 as Hispanic (5.6%), 23 as Asian (3.0%), and 5 patients as other (0.61%). White patients were more than twice as likely to undergo brow ptosis repair than Non‐White patients (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.16–6.15, p = .03). After controlling for malignancy, men had longer operative times than women (480.2 vs. 413.9 min, p = .04) and higher likelihood of free tissue transfer (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.9–9.8), fascial free tissue transfer (OR 10.7, 95% CI 2.1–195), and ectropion repair (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.8).ConclusionMost patients undergoing facial reanimation surgery in the United States are White. Men have longer operative times and a higher likelihood of undergoing free fascial grafts and cutaneous and fascial free tissue transfer than women regardless of malignancy status.Level of Evidence2c.