bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of hybrid immunity on immune responses after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in persons with multiple sclerosis treated with disease‐modifying therapies
Authors: Rabenstein Monika , Thomas Olivia G. , Carlin Giorgia , Khademi Mohsen , Högelin Klara Asplund , Malmeström Clas , Axelsson Markus , Brandt Anne Frandsen , Gafvelin Guro , Grönlund Hans , Kockum Ingrid , Piehl Fredrik , Lycke Jan , Olsson Tomas , Hessa Tara 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeHybrid immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) develops from a combination of natural infection and vaccine‐generated immunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease‐modifying therapies (DMTs) have the potential to impact humoral and cellular immunity induced by SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and infection. The aims were to compare antibody and T‐cell responses after SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccination in persons with MS (pwMS) treated with different DMTs and to assess differences between naïvely vaccinated pwMS and pwMS with hybrid immunity vaccinated following a previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodsAntibody and T‐cell responses were determined in pwMS at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after the second dose of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in 143 pwMS with or without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The MS cohort comprised natalizumab (n = 22), dimethylfumarate (n = 23), fingolimod (n = 38), cladribine (n = 30), alemtuzumab (n = 17) and teriflunomide (n = 13) treated pwMS. Immunoglobulin G antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens were measured using a multiplex bead assay and FluoroSpot was used to assess T‐cell responses (interferon γ and interleukin 13).ResultsHumoral and T‐cell responses to vaccination were comparable between naïvely vaccinated HCs and pwMS treated with natalizumab, dimethylfumarate, cladribine, alemtuzumab and teriflunomide, but were suppressed in fingolimod‐treated pwMS. Both fingolimod‐treated pwMS and HCs vaccinated following a previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection had higher antibody levels 4 weeks after vaccination compared to naïvely vaccinated individuals. Antibody and interferon γ levels 12 weeks after vaccination were positively correlated with time from last treatment course of cladribine.ConclusionThese findings are of relevance for infection risk mitigation and for vaccination strategies amongst pwMS undergoing DMT.
Submicron resolution techniques: Multiphoton microscopy in skin disease
Authors: Chen Ke‐Jun , Han Yang , Wang Zi‐Yi , Cui Yong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon‐invasive optical examination plays a crucial role in various aspects of dermatology, such as diagnosis, management and research. Multiphoton microscopy uses a unique submicron technology to stimulate autofluorescence (AF), allowing for the observation of cellular structure, assessment of redox status and quantification of collagen fibres. This advanced imaging technique offers dermatologists novel insights into the skin's structure, positioning it as a promising ‘stethoscope’ for future development in the field. This review provides an overview of multiphoton microscopy's principles, technology and application in studying normal skin, tumour and inflammatory diseases, as well as collagen‐related and pigmentary diseases.
muFlowReacT: A Library to Solve Multiphase Multicomponent Reactive Transport on Unstructured Meshes
Authors: Atteia O. , Prommer H. , Vlassopoulos D. , André L. , Cohen G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we present a new reactive transport code for the efficient simulation of groundwater quality problems. The new code couples the two previously existing tools OpenFoam and PhreeqcRM. The major objective of the development was to transfer and expand the capabilities of the MODFLOW/MT3DMS‐family of codes, especially their outstanding ability to suppress numerical dispersion, to a versatile and computationally efficient code for unstructured grids. Owing to the numerous, previously existing transport solvers contained in OpenFoam, the newly developed code achieves this objective and provides a solid basis for future expansions of the code capabilities. The flexibility of the OpenFoam framework is illustrated by the addition of diffusional processes for gaseous compounds in the unsaturated zone and the advection of gases (multiphase transport). The code capabilities and accuracy are illustrated through several examples: (1) a simple 2D case for conservative solute transport under saturated conditions, (2) a gas diffusion case with reactions in the unsaturated zone, (3) a hydrogeologically complex 3D reactive transport problem, and finally (4) the injection of CO2 into a deep aquifer with acidification being buffered by carbonate minerals.
Q‐Learning model for selfish miners with optional stopping theorem for honest miners
Authors: Jeyasheela Rakkini M.J. , Geetha K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBitcoin, the most popular cryptocurrency used in the blockchain, has miners join mining pools and get rewarded for the proportion of hash rate they have contributed to the mining pool. This work proposes the prediction of the relativegain of the miners by machine learning and deep learning models, the miners' selection of higher relativegain by the Q‐learning model, and an optional stopping theorem for honest miners in the presence of selfish mining attacks. Relativegain is the ratio of the number of blocks mined by selfish miners in the main canonical chain to the blocks of other miners. A Q‐learning agent with ‐greedy value iteration, which seeks to increase the relativegain for the selfish miners, that takes into account all the other quintessential parameters, including the hash rate of miners, time warp, the height of the blockchain, the number of times the blockchain was reorganized, and the adjustment of the timestamp of the block, is implemented. Next, the ruin of the honest miners and the optional stopping theorem are analyzed so that the honest miners can quit the mining process before their complete ruin. We obtain a low mean square error of 0.0032 and a mean absolute error of 0.0464 in our deep learning model. Our Q‐learning model exhibits a linearly increasing curve, which denotes the increase in the relativegain caused by the selection of the action of performing the reorganization attack.
Effect of barbed versus standard sutures on wound complications in total knee arthroplasty: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Yun , Xu Hongyu , Zhao Yanghu , Wang Tiecheng , Zhou Haidong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA barbed suture has been demonstrated to be effective in shortening the stitching time and improving the aesthetic appearance of the stitches during the entire knee replacement. However, no meta‐analyses have been conducted specifically to evaluate the effect of the barbed thread on wound complications relative to the conventional suture. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database, the Embase database, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science was performed to obtain search data up to June 2023, and only randomised controlled trials were included in this meta‐analysis. We used Review Manager 5.3 for data synthesis and analysis. This meta‐analysis included eight studies. It was found that the use of barbed sutures did not improve the incidence of the disease, the infection of the wound, the closure of the abscess and the injury. However, because of the limited sample size of the randomised controlled trials for this meta‐analysis, the data should be handled with caution. More high‐quality, large‐sample studies will be required to confirm the results.
Characterization of uncertainty in maximum tidal elevation near Bangladesh coastline due to uncertain sea level rise
Authors: Sarwar Sifat , Borthwick Alistair G. L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Ganges‐Brahmaputra‐Meghna delta is vulnerable to sea level rise from global warming. Based on sea level rise predictions for the year 2100 given in the 6th Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), we examine the effect of uncertainty in sea level rise on maximum tidal elevation statistics at several locations along the Bangladesh coastline using a discretized derived distribution approach. For five IPCC scenarios, the standard deviation in maximum tidal elevation including sea level rise is predicted to increase by between 3% and 61% at three different locations for a 41% increase in the standard deviation of mean sea level rise. By excluding the linear effect of sea level rise, the increase in the standard deviation of maximum tidal elevation is found to vary spatially from 2% to 68% with a 41% increase in the standard deviation of sea level rise.
Clinical features and outcomes of appendiceal neuroendocrine tumours: 10 year audit from the Irish NET Centre of Excellence
Authors: Storan Darragh , Swan Niall , Swan Kara , Thuillier Rhona , Skehan Stephen , Gallagher Tom , O'Shea Donal , O'Toole Dermot 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAppendiceal neuroendocrine tumours (aNETs) are rare neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract often diagnosed incidentally at the time of appendicectomy. Appendicectomy is considered curative in the majority of cases but guidelines recommend right‐sided hemicolectomy (RHC) for those with specific high‐risk features despite no data supporting a survival benefit. We performed a retrospective search of multi‐disciplinary tumour board and pathology databases from 2012 to 2022 to identify cases of aNET treated at our centre. Follow‐up data were obtained from the electronic healthcare records. A total of 142 cases of aNET were included for analysis. Mean age at presentation was 34, of which 76% were female and 92% of aNETs were located in the tip/middle of the appendix; 90% were grade 1, and 93% had R0 resection. Tumour size was <1 cm in 54%, 1–2 cm in 36%, >2 cm in 9%. A total of 43 patients (30%) underwent RHC with lymph node metastases identified in 16 (37%). Lymph node metastases were associated with tumour size >2 cm (p = .008) and higher tumour grade (p = .041) on multivariate analysis. For aNET 1–2 cm, lymph node metastases were identified in 7/22 who had RHC (32%) with tumour grade the only significant risk factor (p = .046). Distant metastases were identified in 2 cases (1%), diagnosed synchronously and associated with grade 2 tumours. Overall survival for those with lymph node metastases was 100% after a median 4 years. Progression‐free survival was 93%, with a single case of disease progression associated with synchronous distant metastases at initial diagnosis. Lymph node metastases in aNET are associated with higher tumour grade and tumour size >2 cm. Disease progression in the setting of lymph node metastases is rare. The significance of lymph node metastases and need for completion RHC remains uncertain.
Proteomic profile of human gingival crevicular fluid reveals specific biological and molecular processes during clinical progression of periodontitis
Authors: Torres Alfredo , Michea M. Angélica , Végvári Ákos , Arce Marion , Morales Alicia , Lanyon Elías , Alcota Marcela , Fuentes Camila , Vernal Rolando , Budini Mauricio , Zubarev Roman A. , González Fermín E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThere is no clear understanding of molecular events occurring in the periodontal microenvironment during clinical disease progression. Our aim was to explore qualitative and quantitative differences in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) protein profiles from patients diagnosed with periodontitis between non‐progressive and progressive periodontal sites.MethodsFive systemically healthy patients diagnosed with periodontitis were monitored weekly in their progression of the disease and GCF samples from 10 candidate sites were obtained. Two groups of five sites, matched from an equal number of teeth, were selected from the five patients: Progression (PG) and Non‐Progression (NP). Global protein identification was performed with high‐throughput proteomic approaches and label‐free analysis determined their relative abundances. Proteins were identified by Proteome Discoverer v2.4 and searched against human SwissProt protein databases. Enrichment bioinformatic analyses were performed in STRING‐DB and ShinyGO environment.Results1504 and 1500 proteins were identified in NP and PG respectively. Forty‐eight proteins were exclusively identified in PG, while 52 were identified in NP. Moreover, 35 proteins were more abundant in PG and 29 proteins in NP (twofold change, p < .05). The NP group was mainly represented by proteins from “response to biotic stimuli and other organisms,” “processes of cell death regulation,” “peptidase regulation,” “protein ubiquitination,” and “ribosomal activity” GO categories. The most represented GO categories of the PG group were “assembly of multiprotein complexes,” “catabolic processes,” “lipid metabolism,” and “binding to hemoglobin and haptoglobin.”ConclusionsThere are quantitative and qualitative differences in the proteome of GCF from periodontal sites according to the status of clinical progression of periodontitis. Progressive periodontitis sites are characterized by a protein profile associated with catabolic processes, immune response, and response to cellular stress, while stable periodontitis sites show a protein profile mainly related to wound repair and healing processes, cell death regulation, and chaperone‐mediated autophagy. Understanding the etiopathogenic role of these profiles in progressive periodontitis may help to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Genetic data reveal wintering ground affiliation of humpback whales from the Mexican Central Pacific
Authors: Llamas‐González Myriam , Ortega‐Ortiz Christian D. , Enríquez‐Paredes Luis M. , González‐Peral Úrsula A. , Bautista‐Guerrero Eric , Martien Karen K. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTTwo groups of humpback whales inhabit the waters off the Pacific coast of Mexico the coastal wintering aggregation in the north (MX), and the southern Mexico/Central America wintering aggregation (S‐MX/CEA) in the south. However, along the coast of the Mexican Central Pacific (MCP), the population affiliation of humpback whales is uncertain. Some studies have concluded that the MCP whales are part of S‐MX/CEA, while others have suggested that the MCP may represent an overlap zone between the two wintering aggregations. In this study, data from 354 biopsy samples were collected over a 12‐year period, to provide insight from genetic information into the affiliation of MCP whales to and the boundaries between the wintering aggregations. Using mitochondrial control region sequences, we found that the majority (73%) of MCP whales are part of MX, but that the boundary between the two wintering aggregations may shift latitudinally depending on environmental conditions. The high haplotypic (h ± SD = 0.859 ± 0.0138) and nucleotide diversity (π ± SD = 0.0145 ± 0.0075) of the MCP whales are also consistent with our sample, including animals from both wintering aggregations. More research is needed to better describe the ranges of the MX and S‐MX/CEA wintering aggregations to ensure their successful conservation and management.
The Role of Global Femoral Offset in Total Hip Arthroplasty with High Hip Center Technique
Authors: Yang Tianyu , Yang Boning , Wang Penghao , Qin Yu , You Guanchao , Shi Yunyi , Zhang Ao , Shen Dianlin , Guo Lei 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe high hip center (HHC) technique has been proposed for the treatment of patients with developmental dysplaisa of the hip (DDH) who have an acetabular bone defect. However, the importance of global femoral offset (FO) in the application of this technique has not been sufficiently appreciated. Our goals were to confirm that the HHC technique is feasible in the treatment of patients with DDH and to assess the function of global FO in this procedure.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 73 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty using high hip center technique for unilateral DDH at our hospital between January 2014 and June 2019. According to global FO, the patients were split into three groups: increased FO group (increment greater than 5 mm), restored FO group (restoration within 5 mm) and decreased FO group (reduction greater than 5 mm). Patients' medical records and plain radiographs were reviewed. One‐way ANOVA was used to compare radiographic outcomes and Harris hip score (HHS). Paired t‐test was used to assess preoperative and postoperative HHS and leg length discrepancy. Trochanteric pain syndrome, Trendelenburg sign and postoperative limp was evaluated with Fisher's exact test.ResultsThe average follow‐up time was 7.5 ± 1.4 years. The patients' HHS and leg length discrepancy were significantly improved (p < 0.05). In terms of vertical acetabular height, abductor arm, postoperative leg length difference, and acetabular cup inclination, there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups. At the last follow‐up, HHS was significantly higher in the restored FO group than in the decreased FO and increased FO groups. Trochanteric pain syndrome occurred in 15.0% and Trendelenburg sign and postoperative limp in 8.2% of all patients, respectively. Trochanteric pain syndrome, Trendelenburg sign and postoperative limp did not differ significantly across the three groups. One patient in increased FO group underwent revision for dislocation 6 years after surgery.ConclusionThe HHC technique is an alternative technique for total hip arthroplasty in patients with acetabular bone abnormalities, according to the results of the mid‐term follow‐up. Also, controlling the correction of the global femoral offset to within 5 mm may lead to better clinical outcomes.
The mediating role of self‐compassion in the relationship between internalized stigma and psychological resilience in bipolar disorder
Authors: Mackali Zeynep , Çetinkaya Saadet , Ay Nur 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionInternalized stigma is known to be high in bipolar disorder (BD). Concepts such as self‐compassion and psychological resilience have recently begun to be studied as protective factors for BD. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationships between internalized stigma, self‐compassion and resilience among individuals with BD.MethodOne hundred and thirty‐two male and female (18‐65 years of age) participants with a DSM 5 diagnosis of BD (BD‐ I & BD‐ II) were included. The remission criteria (YMRS< 5 and HDRS< 7) was evaluated using clinician‐administered measures and all participants were found to be remitted. Correlation and mediation analyses were performed. Participants completed the Internalized Stigma in Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), the Self‐Compassion Scale (SCS) and the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA).ResultsSignificant correlations were found between internalized stigma, sub‐dimensions of self‐compassion (self‐kindness, self‐judgement, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over‐identification), and resilience in the expected directions like negative correlations between internalized stigma and positive dimensions of self‐compassion (self‐kindness, common humanity and mindfulness). Self‐judgement and self‐kindness mediated the relationship between internalized stigma and psychological resilience.ConclusionsThe findings of the study shed light on which dimensions of self‐compassion might be more beneficial to work with in order to increase resilience when working with internalized stigma in BD. This strengths‐based investigation would be valuable to enrich psycho‐social interventions for the prevention of relapse in BD.
Moderators of the big‐fish‐little‐pond effect in educational settings: A scoping review
Authors: Stockus Christopher A. , Zell Ethan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe big‐fish‐little‐pond effect (BFLPE) is the tendency for students to evaluate themselves more favorably when they have high rank in a low rank school than low rank in a high rank school. In this scoping review, we evaluate evidence for several student and teacher factors that have been tested as moderators of the BFLPE. Our synthesis provides initial evidence suggesting that the BFLPE may be stronger for students who are older, reside in WEIRD societies (with some exceptions), female (when tested in the science domain), low in narcissism, and high in neuroticism. Additionally, our synthesis suggests that the effect is weaker when students have positive relationships with their teachers and receive differentiated instruction. We did not find a strong or consistent pattern of moderation when examining student ability, student achievement goals, teacher grading practices, or teacher frame of reference. We conclude by highlighting limitations of the extant literature, moderators that appear most fruitful for additional research, and promising social‐psychological factors that have yet to be tested as moderators of the BFLPE.
New bounds on the size of nearly perfect matchings in almost regular hypergraphs
Authors: Kang Dong Yeap , Kühn Daniela , Methuku Abhishek , Osthus Deryk 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLet be a ‐uniform ‐regular simple hypergraph on vertices. Based on an analysis of the Rödl nibble, in 1997, Alon, Kim and Spencer proved that if , then contains a matching covering all but at most vertices, and asked whether this bound is tight. In this paper we improve their bound by showing that for all , contains a matching covering all but at most vertices for some , when and are sufficiently large. Our approach consists of showing that the Rödl nibble process not only constructs a large matching but it also produces many well‐distributed ‘augmenting stars’ which can then be used to significantly improve the matching constructed by the Rödl nibble process. Based on this, we also improve the results of Kostochka and Rödl from 1998 and Vu from 2000 on the size of matchings in almost regular hypergraphs with small codegree. As a consequence, we improve the best known bounds on the size of large matchings in combinatorial designs with general parameters. Finally, we improve the bounds of Molloy and Reed from 2000 on the chromatic index of hypergraphs with small codegree (which can be applied to improve the best known bounds on the chromatic index of Steiner triple systems and more general designs).
Sediment routing in an incised valley during Hurricane Harvey (2017) in Houston, Texas, USA: Implications for modern sedimentation
Authors: Stearns Andrew I. , Wellner Julia S. , Kendall Jerome J. , Khan Shuhab D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoutheastern Texas (United States) recorded one of the largest flooding events in U.S. history during Hurricane Harvey (25–31 August 2017), mobilizing millions of cubic meters of sediment in Houston fluvial-estuarine systems. We conducted an integrated quantitative analysis to determine the net minimum volume of sediment transported during the storm using subaerial elevation change, satellite and ground-based images, and sediment dredging reports along major waterways. The 12 fluvial-estuarine streams and two controlled reservoir drainages in the Houston area transported a minimum of ~2.723 × 107 m3 of sediment. This volume is ~6–51 times larger than the average annual volume of sediment delivered to Galveston Bay in modern times (in the past 200 yr), and ~30–118 times larger when compared to Holocene rates. Nearly ~26% of the measured volume was deposited in Addicks and Barker reservoirs, decreasing holding capacities by ~1.2% and ~1.6%, respectively. In the stream drainages, sediment was mobilized from west-northwest of Houston and pulsed toward Galveston Bay, highlighting the extreme short-term variability in sediment delivery. Sediment flux through the Houston region during Harvey is an example of sediment storage followed by a pulsed delivery of high sediment volume rather than continuous delivery of sediment. Comparison of sediment volumes transported through natural and modified drainages through Houston demonstrates that channel modification resulted in significant bypass of sediment downstream. Urban watershed management is more effective when continual updates are implemented based on regional circumstances rather than based on historical fluxes.