bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IT'S ABOUT WHO YOU KNOW: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SOCIAL NETWORKS, COGNITIVE FUNCTION, AND BRAIN HEALTH IN LATER LIFE
Authors: Hamilton Lucas , Moorman Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Evidence has been steadily increasing about the benefit of social connectedness for healthy aging. Yet, thanks to the complexity of human social interactions, it remains difficult to pinpoint specific benefits and mechanisms by which such benefits emerge. We offer this symposium to address this issue by presenting new findings from ongoing work at Indiana University in collaboration with the Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center. First, an overview of recent literature will be presented alongside a brief introduction to egocentric network analysis and its utility in probing social determinants of health. Next, we turn our attention to characteristics of social networks and their importance for cognitive health in later life. Different types of social enrichment will be evaluated in terms of their respective influence on cognitive reserve (i.e., neuropsychological evaluations, brain health). Additional attention will be paid to the comparison of emotionally supportive (i.e., social bonding) and more informationally supportive (i.e., social bridging) ties as promoters of brain health. Then, the final talks will describe potential avenues for increasing social connectedness in older adulthood. Individual differences in social cognitive function, namely Theory of Mind (i.e., reading another person’s thoughts, feelings, and intentions), has been implicated as mechanism by which older adults can maintain larger networks with more weak ties, in turn, promoting cognitive function. Separately, the presence of ambivalent ties (i.e., connections that beget positivity and negativity) may serve as a window of opportunity whereby older adults can leverage strengths in emotion regulation to maintain these ties without negative health consequences.
KUAKINI HHP CENTER FOR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH ON AGING: LATEST FINDINGS FROM MICE TO HUMANS
Authors: Willcox Bradley , Allsopp Richard , Martin Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Kuakini Medical Center (Kuakini) was funded by NIH in late 2019 to create an interdisciplinary Hawai’i-based, Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE), for translational research on aging. This Center is building upon Kuakini’s five-decades of prior NIH-funded research. These resources include clinical data from the 57-year ongoing Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program (HHP), Honolulu-Asia Aging Study, HHP Offspring Study and a large biorepository. The Center’s overarching aim is to increase infrastructure for collaborative aging research in Hawaii. The first step is to grow the Center’s faculty by hiring and mentoring research project leaders (RPLs) from diverse disciplines to become independent, R01-funded, investigators on aging. Our first RPL has graduated after obtaining R01-funded status. His project utilizes novel CRISPR methods to i) improve the safety and efficacy of delivering potentially therapeutic genes (such as FOXO3) to the mouse genome, and ii) test whether temporal enhancement of FOXO3 expression improves healthy aging in this mouse model - both key steps for potential translation to human clinical therapies. This work will be highlighted in the Program Overview session followed by current RPL findings. The first of these current RPL talks presents data on a potential relation between the FOXO3 gene and vascular dementia in elderly Japanese-American males. The second talk reports on how strong social networks mitigate risk for dementia in elderly Japanese-American males. The third talk will report a relation between FOXO3-associated resilience to hypertension and lower intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke risk in elderly Japanese-American males. Supported by NIGMS 5P20GM125526 and NIA R01AG027060.
FOXO3 LONGEVITY GENOTYPE MITIGATES THE IMPACT OF HYPERTENSION ON RISK OF INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Nakagawa Kazuma , Chen Randi , Greenberg Steven , Ross Webster , Willcox Bradley , Donlon Timothy , Morris Brian , Masaki Kamal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The longevity-associated FOXO3 G allele of SNP rs2802292 is associated with protection against mortality, however the impact of FOXO3 genotype on the association between hypertension and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been assessed. Therefore, we utilized the Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program (KHHP), a prospective population-based cohort of Japanese American men living in Hawaii that began in 1965 to study this relation. After excluding baseline prevalent stroke and those missing FOXO3 data, 6,469 men were included in the analysis. Age-adjusted prevalence of ICH by hypertension was assessed for the whole cohort after stratifying by FOXO3 genotype. Cox regression models, adjusted for age, cardiovascular risk factors, FOXO3 and APOE genotypes, were utilized to assess relative risk of hypertension on ICH. All models were created for the whole cohort and stratified by FOXO3 genotype, namely G allele carriers versus TT genotype. Overall, 183 subjects developed ICH over the 34-year follow-up period. Age-adjusted ICH prevalence was 0.90 versus 1.32 per 1,000 person-years follow-up in those without and with hypertension, respectively (p=0.002). After stratifying by FOXO3 genotype, this association was no longer significant in G allele carriers. In the whole cohort, hypertension was an independent predictor of ICH (RR=1.70, 95%CI 1.25, 2.32; p=0.0007). In stratified analyses, hypertension remained an independent predictor of ICH among the FOXO3 TT allele group (RR=2.02, 95% CI 1.33, 3.07; p=0.001), but not in FOXO3 G allele carriers (RR=1.39, 95% CI 0.88, 2.19; p=0.15). Thus, the longevity/resilience-associated FOXO3 G allele may mitigate the impact of hypertension on ICH risk in this population. Further study is needed in other populations.
EXPLORING THE NARRATIVE OF AGING THROUGH MUSIC
Authors: O'Neill Desmond 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With increasing interest in exploring narratives of aging through literary/oral sources, a less prominent area of inquiry has been possibilities afforded by narratives inherent in music across the life-span and into later-life. Two possible areas of interest are the arc of development and change over the life-course, and inherent content of the music. The latter element is less prominent in narrative analysis, providing a potentially rich field of discovery. While popular song parallels these possibilities, further opportunities arise from instrumental, orchestral and operatic music, allied to strengths in musicological analysis. Later compositions whose elements provide insights into life course review (Shostakovich Viola Sonata and Metamorphosen, Richard Strauss) as well as romantic love in later life across generations (The Cunning Little Vixen, Leos Janáček). The analysis will seek to delineate to possible avenues of interpretation of musicological analysis in understanding the phenomenology and opportunities arising from aging.
ADULT TETANUS, DIPHTHERIA, AND PERTUSSIS VACCINATION AND INCIDENT DEMENTIA
Authors: Scherrer Jeffrey , Salas Joanne , Wiemken Timothy , Jacobs Christine , Morley John , Hoft Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Adult vaccinations may reduce risk for dementia. We determined whether tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) vaccination is associated with lower risk for dementia. Analysis conducted with Veterans Health Affairs (VHA) administrative medical record data and replicated in private sector medical claims data. Patients were ≥65 years of age and free of dementia for 2 years prior to index date. Tdap vaccination in 2011 or 2012. Follow-up through 2018. Controls had no Tdap vaccination for the duration of follow-up. After controlling for confounding, patients with, compared to without Tdap vaccination, had a significantly lower risk for dementia in both cohorts (VHA: HR=0.58; 95%CI:0.54 - 0.63 and MarketScan: HR=0.58; 95%CI:0.48 - 0.70). Results were replicated in two cohorts with different clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Several vaccine types are linked to decreased dementia risk, suggesting that these associations are due to nonspecific effects on inflammation rather than vaccine-induced pathogen-specific protective effects.
DIGITAL STORYTELLING AND INTERGENERATIONAL COLLABORATIONS: OLDER ADULTS AND COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Lavery Angela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The use of digital storytelling can be a helpful tool within community work, health and social work research and policy. Digital storytelling refers to life-story telling that can be done in a variety of ways and used to encourage social change and transformation. This presentation will include experience on how this method was used in a study and an intergenerational project between older adults and university graduate and undergraduate students. This group of older adults specifically shared their experiences with equine interactions and activities, while the university students worked with the older adults to create a digital story. For this study and project, recruitment included students enrolled in different disciplines. Discussion on digital storytelling’s connection to the narrative method and critical gerontology framework will be noted. Challenges and barriers, including Institutional Review Board and ethical considerations while preparing for this method will also be discussed.
COMPARING EXERCISE DETERMINANTS BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE OLDER ADULTS WITH HEART FAILURE
Authors: Kaushal Navin , Nemati Donya , Mann-Krzisnik Dylan , de la Colina Adrian Noriega 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality among older-adults (OA); however, engaging in moderate-to-vigorous intensity of physical activity (MVPA) improves survival rates. Limited research has applied behavior theory to understand determinants of MVPA among OA with HF and compared the effects between races. This study aimed to use the Health Belief Model (HBM) to compare MVPA determinants between Black and White OA diagnosed with HF.
Methods: The HF-ACTION Trial is a multi-site trial that helped facilitate physical activity among individuals with HF. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the change in HBM determinants and MVPA across 12 months among OA.
Results: Participants were OA 72.28 (SD= 5.41) years old, (Black: n= 230; White, n= 441). The model found MVPA to be facilitated by perceived benefits (Black: β=.27, p=.001; White: β=.28; p&lt;.001), self-efficacy (Black: β=.20, p=.003; White: β=.24; p&lt;.001) and deterred by perceived barriers (Black: β=-.25, p=.001; White β=-.24; p&lt;.001). Perceived threats deterred Black OA (β=-.23; p=.002) but not White OA (β=-.07; p=.278) from MVPA. Experimental arm predicted the development of self-efficacy (Black: β=.21. p=.001; White: β=.23; p=.001), and perceived benefits (Black: β=.21. p=.001; White: β=.23; p=.001) but not barriers (p&gt;.05) for both races.
Conclusions: Perceived barriers was a strong determinant to MVPA, and it was not resolved in the experimental arm for either race. The experimental arm did not resolve perceived threat, which was a deterrent for Black OA. Individual characteristics need to be considered when designing programs for HF patients to reduce health disparity.
POLYPHARMACY IN ASSISTED LIVING: WHERE ARE WE NOW AND EFFECTIVE APPROACHES TO IMPROVE MEDICATION MANAGEMENT
Authors: Resnick Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There are many definitions for polypharmacy used within clinical practice and research and many factors contributing to this problem. Definitions vary from being based on the number of medications the older adult is taking to a more qualitative evaluation of the appropriateness of medication based on the benefit of the drug for a specific problem. For research purposes the definition is more commonly conceptualized as being equivalent to taking five or more medicines. Polypharmacy is noted to be presented in about 40% of older adults living in the community. Limited research has focused specifically on polypharmacy in assisted living settings. In addition to concerns about polypharmacy in assisted living there has also been a focus on the use of psychotropic medication and opioids in these settings as prevalence ranges from 53% to 68%. Although there are not regulations related to decreasing polypharmacy via deprescribing or to decrease use of psychotropics or opioids in assisted living, there are currently major initiatives in geriatrics to focus on these areas. This symposium will provide current data on medication use and polypharmacy among a large sample of 781 assisted living residents from 85 communities across three states and address the impact of a Function Focused Care approach on decreasing polypharmacy and use of psychotropics and opioids. Lastly data will be provided on the value of Deprescribing Networks to help decrease polypharmacy within these settings. The findings from this symposium will provide recommendations for future research as well as guidance for clinical practice.
POLYPHARMACY IN ASSISTED LIVING
Authors: Galik Elizabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe polypharmacy in assisted living settings, evaluate the factors that influence polypharmacy and the impact of polypharmacy on clinical outcomes. Baseline data from the study entitled, Dissemination and Implementation of Function Focused Care for Assisted Living Using the Evidence Integration Triangle (FFC-AL-EIT) was used. Total number of drugs taken daily among the 781 participants was 5.16 (SD=2.40) and over half (N=484, 62%) were exposed to polypharmacy. None of the predicted variables (age, gender, race, setting, diagnoses, and cognition) were associated with polypharmacy (Wald = .207, p=.65). Similarly, controlling for age, gender, race, setting, diagnoses, cognition, function, and physical activity, polypharmacy was not associated with falls, emergency room visits or hospitalizations. Factors not included in the data contributing to the high rate of polypharmacy in assisted living settings will be discussed and recommendations for further research and practice implications reviewed.
Integration of a Gaussian quadrature grid discretization approach with a generalized stiffness reduction method and a parallelized direct solver for 3-D frequency-domain seismic wave modelling in viscoelastic anisotropic media
Authors: Ma Guoqi , Zhou Bing , Greenhalgh Stewart , Liu Xu , Zemerly Jamal , Kamel Riahi Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARY
We integrate three advanced numerical techniques—Gaussian quadrature grid (GQG) discretization, a new generalized stiffness reduction method and the latest version of an efficient parallelized direct solver to achieve accurate 3-D frequency-domain seismic wave modelling in viscoelastic anisotropic media. A GQG is employed to sample and interpolate both model parameters and wavefield quantities as well as to fit with arbitrary free-surface topography and subsurface interfaces of a geological model. A new version of the generalized stiffness reduction method is utilized to effectively remove the artificial boundary edge effects for which the common perfectly matched layer method fails. The most recent version of a multifrontal massively parallel direct solver is applied to tackle the notoriously expensive computation of frequency-domain 3-D wave modelling. We validate the 3-D modelling by comparing with the exact solutions for homogeneous viscoelastic isotropic, vertically transversely isotropic and orthorhombic media. All the results show very close matches between the numerical and analytical solutions. Then, we investigate the computational efficiency of the parallelized direct solver, compare its performance using different ordering schemes, in-core and out-of-core factorization modes and the block low-rank approximation in the factorization for different grid sizes. Our modelling results show that the ordering scheme of the so-called ‘Metis’ is the best for reducing computer memory and run time, and the parallelized direct solver is remarkably faster than iterative solvers for similar workloads but at the expense of higher memory requirements. The out-of-core factorization mode can effectively reduce the memory cost without a compromising on run time. The block low-rank approximation is able to significantly reduce the run time in both the factorization and solving process (up to 56 per cent in total), but will increase the memory cost when using the out-of-core factorization mode. Efficient application of this parallel direct solver should use ‘Metis’ as the ordering scheme and select the out-of-core factorization mode without the block low-rank approximation as the best scheme to save the memory cost, or the in-core factorization mode with the block low-rank approximation for the fastest computation. Finally, we demonstrate the excellent applicability of the 3-D wave modelling scheme for a practical and complex heterogeneous geological model.
Stage-Specific Brain Aging in First-Episode Schizophrenia and Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia
Authors: Kim Woo-Sung , Heo Da-Woon , Shen Jie , Tsogt Uyanga , Odkhuu Soyolsaikhan , Kim Sung-Wan , Suk Heung-Il , Ham Byung-Joo , Rami Fatima Zahra , Kang Chae Yeong , Sui Jing , Chung Young-Chul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBrain age is a popular brain-based biomarker that offers a powerful strategy for using neuroscience in clinical practice. We investigated the brain-predicted age difference (PAD) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FE-SSDs), and treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) using structural magnetic resonance imaging data. The association between brain-PAD and clinical parameters was also assessed.MethodsWe developed brain age prediction models for the association between 77 average structural brain measures and age in a training sample of controls (HCs) using ridge regression, support vector regression, and relevance vector regression. The trained models in the controls were applied to the test samples of the controls and 3 patient groups to obtain brain-based age estimates. The correlations were tested between the brain PAD and clinical measures in the patient groups.ResultsModel performance indicated that, regardless of the type of regression metric, the best model was support vector regression and the worst model was relevance vector regression for the training HCs. Accelerated brain aging was identified in patients with SCZ, FE-SSDs, and TRS compared with the HCs. A significant difference in brain PAD was observed between FE-SSDs and TRS using the ridge regression algorithm. Symptom severity, the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, chlorpromazine equivalents, and cognitive function were correlated with the brain PAD in the patient groups.ConclusionsThese findings suggest additional progressive neuronal changes in the brain after SCZ onset. Therefore, pharmacological or psychosocial interventions targeting brain health should be developed and provided during the early course of SCZ.
Individual pulse emission from the diffuse drifter PSR J1401 − 6357 using the ultrawideband receiver on the Parkes radio telescope
Authors: Chen J L , Wen Z G , Duan X F , He D L , Wang N , Wang H G , Yuen R , Yuan J P , Yan W M , Wang Z , Lyu C B , Wang H , Cui S R 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
In this study, we report on a detailed single pulse analysis of the radio emission from the pulsar J1401 − 6357 (B1358 − 63) based on data observed with the ultrawideband low-frequency receiver on the Parkes radio telescope. In addition to a weak leading component, the integrated pulse profile features a single-humped structure with a slight asymmetry. The frequency evolution of the pulse profile is studied. Well-defined nulls, with an estimated nulling fraction greater than 2 per cent, are present across the whole frequency band. No emission is detected with significance above 3σ in the average pulse profile integrated over all null pulses. Using fluctuation spectral analysis, we reveal the existence of temporal-dependent subpulse drifting in this pulsar for the first time. A clear double-peaked feature is present at exactly the alias border across the whole frequency band, which suggests that the apparent drift sense changes during the observation. Our observations provide further confirmation that the phenomena of pulse nulling and subpulse drifting are independent of observing frequency, which suggest that they invoke changes on the global magnetospheric scale.
The size–mass and other structural parameter (n, μz, Rz) relations for local bulges/spheroids from multicomponent decompositions
Authors: Hon Dexter S -H , Graham Alister W , Sahu Nandini 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We analyse the bulge/spheroid size–(stellar mass), Re, Sph − M*, Sph, relation and spheroid structural parameters for 202 local (predominantly $\lesssim 110~\rm Mpc$) galaxies spanning $M_*\sim 3\times 10^{9}\!-\!10^{12}~\rm M_{\odot }$ and $0.1 \lesssim R_\mathrm{e, Sph}\lesssim 32~\rm kpc$ from multicomponent decomposition. The correlations between the spheroid Sérsic index (nSph), central surface brightness (μ0, Sph), effective half-light radius (Re, Sph), absolute magnitude ($\mathfrak {M}_\mathrm{Sph}$), and stellar mass (M*, Sph) are explored. We also investigate the consequences of using different scale radii, $R_{z,\rm Sph}$, encapsulating a different fraction (z, from 0 to 1) of the total spheroid luminosity. The correlation strengths for projected mass densities, Σz and 〈Σ〉z, vary significantly with the choice of z. Spheroid size ($R_\mathrm{z, \rm Sph}$) and mass (M*, Sph) are strongly correlated for all light fractions z. We find $\log (R_\mathrm{e,Sph}/\rm kpc) = 0.88\log (M_\mathrm{*,Sph}/\rm M_{\odot })-9.15$ with a small scatter of $\Delta _{rms} = 0.24~\rm dex$ in the log (Re, Sph) direction. This result is discussed relative to the curved size–mass relation for early-type galaxies due to their discs yielding larger galaxy radii at lower masses. Moreover, the slope of our spheroid size–mass relation is a factor of ∼3, steeper than reported bulge size–mass relations, and with bulge sizes at M*, sph ∼3 × 109 M⊙ which are 2–3 times smaller. Our spheroid size–mass relation present no significant flattening in slope in the low-mass end ($M_{\rm *,sph}\sim 10^9 - 10^{10}\rm ~M_{\odot }$). Instead of treating galaxies as single entities, future theoretical and evolutionary models should also attempt to recreate the strong scaling relations of specific galactic components. Additional scaling relations, such as log (nSph) − log (M*, Sph), log (Σ0, Sph) − log (nSph), and log (nSph) − log (Re, Sph), are also presented. Finally, we show that the local spheroids align well with the size-mass distribution of quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 1.25–2.25. In essence, local spheroids and high-z quiescent galaxies appear structurally similar, likely dictated by the virial theorem.