bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mucinous carcinoma originating from uterine adenomyosis: a case report
Authors: Ohira Satoshi , Tachibana Ryota , Yasaki Sayaka , Tsunemi Koji , Uchiyama Natsuki , Ikeda Eri , Sano Kenji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Uterine adenomyosis is rarely a precursor of malignant tumors, but the most frequent histological subtype is endometrioid carcinoma. We observed a rare case of mucinous carcinoma originating from uterine adenomyosis.

Case presentation
A 63-year-old Japanese woman presented to our hospital with lower abdominal pain. She had no atypical genital bleeding. Ultrasound demonstrated thickening of the entire uterine wall, but the endometrium was not thick. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enlarged uterus with thickening of the entire uterine wall, suggesting adenomyosis. On the basis of the specimen of endocervical curettage, adenocarcinoma originating from the endometrium was suspected. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Macroscopically, the resected enlarged uterus had no nodules and exudation of mucin was observed from the cut surface of the thickened myometrium. The surface of the endometrium was smooth. On histological examination, mucinous carcinoma invaded almost the entire myometrium. Adenomyotic lesions were distributed focally in the uterine wall, and transition from adenomyotic glandular epithelium to mucinous carcinoma was detected within several foci. Although adenocarcinoma cells proliferated adjacent to the endometrium, the primary endometrial epithelium was atrophic without atypia. Throughout the myometrium, the mucinous carcinoma cells proliferated and floated in dilated lymph vessels with abundant mucin pools. We diagnosed this case as mucinous carcinoma originating from adenomyosis. Although the patient received 11 courses of intravenous adjuvant chemotherapy, she died of disease 18 months after the first operation.

Conclusion
As only one case of mucinous carcinoma originating from adenomyosis has been reported to date, this is the second case report of mucinous carcinoma. Moreover, an abnormal manner of proliferation with marked lymphatic permeation of the tumor cells throughout the myometrium was observed.
A hybrid compartmental model with a case study of COVID-19 in Great Britain and Israel
Authors: Malaspina Greta , Racković Stevo , Valdeira Filipa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGiven the severe impact of COVID-19 on several societal levels, it is of crucial importance to model the impact of restriction measures on the pandemic evolution, so that governments are able to make informed decisions. Even though there have been countless attempts to propose diverse models since the rise of the outbreak, the increase in data availability and start of vaccination campaigns calls for updated models and studies. Furthermore, most of the works are focused on a very particular place or application and we strive to attain a more general model, resorting to data from different countries. In particular, we compare Great Britain and Israel, two highly different scenarios in terms of vaccination plans and social structure. We build a network-based model, complex enough to model different scenarios of government-mandated restrictions, but generic enough to be applied to any population. To ease the computational load we propose a decomposition strategy for our model.
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for [68Ga]Ga-(HA-)DOTATATE to predict whole-body distribution and tumor sink effects in GEP-NET patients
Authors: Siebinga Hinke , de Wit-van der Veen Berlinda J. , Beijnen Jos H. , Dorlo Thomas P. C. , Huitema Alwin D. R. , Hendrikx Jeroen J. M. A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Little is known about parameters that have a relevant impact on (dis)similarities in biodistribution between various 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogues. Additionally, the effect of tumor burden on organ uptake remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe and compare organ and tumor distribution of [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [68Ga]Ga-HA-DOTATATE using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model and to identify factors that might cause biodistribution and tumor uptake differences between both peptides. In addition, the effect of tumor burden on peptide biodistribution in gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients was assessed.

Methods
A PBPK model was developed for [68Ga]Ga-(HA-)DOTATATE in GEP-NET patients. Three tumor compartments were added, representing primary tumor, liver metastases and other metastases. Furthermore, reactions describing receptor binding, internalization and recycling, renal clearance and intracellular degradation were added to the model. Scan data from GEP-NET patients were used for evaluation of model predictions. Simulations with increasing tumor volumes were performed to assess the tumor sink effect.

Results
Data of 39 and 59 patients receiving [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [68Ga]Ga-HA-DOTATATE, respectively, were included. Evaluations showed that the model adequately described image-based patient data and that different receptor affinities caused organ uptake dissimilarities between both peptides. Sensitivity analysis indicated that tumor blood flow and blood volume impacted tumor distribution most. Tumor sink predictions showed a decrease in spleen uptake with increasing tumor volume, which seemed clinically relevant for patients with total tumor volumes higher than ~ 550 mL.

Conclusion
The developed PBPK model adequately predicted tumor and organ uptake for this GEP-NET population. Relevant organ uptake differences between [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [68Ga]Ga-HA-DOTATATE were caused by different affinity profiles, while tumor uptake was mainly affected by tumor blood flow and blood volume. Furthermore, tumor sink predictions showed that for the majority of patients a tumor sink effect is not expected to be clinically relevant.
An MMSE graph spectral magnitude estimator for speech signals residing on an undirected multiple graph
Authors: Wang Tingting , Guo Haiyan , Ge Zirui , Zhang Qiquan , Yang Zhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe paper uses theK-graphs learning method to construct weighted, connected, undirected multiple graphs, aiming to reveal intrinsic relationships of speech samples in the inter-frame and intra-frame. To benefit from the learned multiple graphs’ property and enhance interpretability, we study the spectral property of speech samples in the joint vertex-frequency domain by using the new graph weight matrix. Moreover, we propose the representation of minimum mean-square error (MMSE) graph spectral magnitude estimator for speech signals residing on undirected multiple graphs. We use the MMSE graph spectral magnitude estimator to improve speech enhancement performance. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in graph signal processing (GSP) and the baseline methods for speech enhancement in discrete signal processing (DSP) in terms of PESQ, LLR, output SNR, and STOI results. These results also demonstrate the validity of the learned multiple graphs.
On the degree of approximation of Fourier series based on a certain class of product deferred summability means
Authors: Jena Bidu Bhusan , Paikray Susanta Kumar , Mursaleen M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, we first introduce and study the basic concepts of deferred Euler and deferred Nörlund product summability means of Fourier series of arbitrary periodic functions. We then estimate the degree of approximation of Fourier series of an arbitrary periodic function in the generalized Zygmund class based upon our proposed product deferred summability means. Moreover, we discuss some important concluding remarks in connection with our findings. Finally, we suggest a direction for future studies on this subject, which are based upon the basic notion of statistical product deferred summability means of Fourier series of arbitrary periodic functions in the generalized Zygmund class.
Bipolar disorder and sexuality: a preliminary qualitative pilot study
Authors: Krogh Helle B. , Vinberg Maj , Mortensen Gitte Lee , Skakke Ditte , Nielsen Dorthe , Giraldi Annamaria 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Individuals with mental health disorders have a higher risk of sexual problems impacting intimate relations and quality of life. For individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) the mood shifts might to a particular degree affect their sexual function with possible hypersexual interest during manic episodes and low sexual interest during depressive episodes. The diagnosis is often given in late adolescence, which may impact sexual identity and development. Only a few studies have looked at BD and sexual life, with no qualitative research on the topic.
We conducted a qualitative pilot study exploring sexuality in connection to mood swings in five participants with BD.

Results
Thematic content analysis revealed five themes: (1) sexual drive and impulses, (2) sexual behavior, (3) thoughts and feelings in relation to sexual issues, (4) intimate relationships, and (5) sexuality and identity. During manic episodes the participants described having a higher sexual drive, leading for some to more sexual interactions. During depressed episodes, the sexual drive in the three female participants was low, however, in the two men, rather than a reduced sexual drive, a more self-destructive way of engaging in sex prevailed. The sexual outgoing behavior during manic phases was described as joyful, with no feelings of shame connected to it. However, the shifts in sexual drive connected to mood shifts affected the participants’ relationships negatively. Further, all the participants described having outgoing sexual behavior in their youth.

Conclusions
Overall, changes in sexual drive may act as a trigger or early warning symptoms of new episodes, pinpointing the clinical relevance of addressing sexuality in individuals with BD. In general, sexual drive followed affective episodes. However, during depressive episodes sex could be, instead of reduced drive, associated with negative feelings.
All participants described having an outgoing sexual behavior in their youth before the onset of BD, which might be essential to consider if there is a clinical suspension of BD in an individual.
International undergraduates’ perceptions of social engagement in online and face-to-face learning environments: a photo-elicitation approach to thematic analysis
Authors: McLaughlan Toni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis mixed-methods study explores international undergraduates’ perceptions of social engagement with American peers at a US university comparing online to face-to-face environments. It addresses gaps in research on the social engagement of international undergraduates and on employing participant-generated visual approaches to investigation. Descriptive statistics from survey data showed that, while international students reported greater satisfaction, frequency, and comfort in engaging with American peers in face-to-face versus online contexts, they did not rate their overall of face-to-face interaction as highly as Americans did nor as lowly for online environments. Thematically analyzed qualitative data from photo-elicitation interviews prompted seven themes (disconnectedness, loneliness/homesickness, discourse expectations, building friendships, diversity and intercultural issues, anxieties, conflict) illuminating the nuances in attitudes among international undergraduates toward social engagement. Results suggest possible distinctions between international students based on region as a potential area of future study.
A novel stochastic modeling framework for coal production and logistics through options pricing analysis
Authors: Alfeus Mesias , Collins James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose a novel stochastic modeling framework for coal production and logistics using option pricing theory. The problem of valuing the inherent real optionality a coal producer has when mining and processing thermal coal is modelled as pricing spread options of three assets under the stochastic volatility model. We derive a three-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (“FFT”) lower bound approximation to value the inherent real optionality and for robustness check, we compare the semi-analytical pricing accuracy with the Monte Carlo simulation. Model parameters are estimated from the historical monthly data, and stochastic volatility parameters are obtained by matching the Kurtosis of the low-ash diff data to the Kurtosis of the stochastic volatility process which is assumed to follow Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (“CIR”) model.
Parotid gland masses: outcomes in the pediatric age group
Authors: Younes Alaa , Taher Mohammad Fouad , Sidhom Iman , Zekri Wael , Zaky Iman , Elfendy Habiba , Taher Azza Niazy , Khedr Suzan Adlan , Gamal Rana , Ahmed Gehad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Childhood parotid neoplasms appear to have different characteristics from adults. This point, in addition to the rarity of these tumors, reflects the challenges faced in diagnosing and treating parotid neoplasms in children.

Patients and methods
This retrospective study included all children who presented to the Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE, 57357) with parotid masses from January 2008 to December 2020.

Results
Twenty-one patients were included. Malignant neoplasms were found in 12 (57.1%) of which mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common. Benign neoplasms were found in 6 (28.6%) all of them were pleomorphic adenoma, and non-neoplastic lesions were found in 3 (14.3%). Superficial, deep, or total parotidectomy was performed according to the involved lobes. The facial nerve was sacrificed in three cases because of frank invasion by the tumor. Neck dissection was considered in clinically positive lymph nodes and/or T3/4 masses. Complications occurred in 7 (33.3%) all were of the malignant cases. Adjuvant radiotherapy was restricted to high-risk cases (7 cases). Recurrence occurred in two cases, and one patient died of distant metastasis. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed 88.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity for diagnosing malignant neoplasms. The correlation of radiological and pathological staging was fair (66.74% for overall staging).

Conclusions
Parotidectomy is the backbone treatment for benign and malignant pediatric parotid tumors. Neck nodal dissection should be considered after preoperative FNAC of suspicious nodes. Adjuvant radiotherapy is considered only in high-risk tumors. Preoperative FNAC of parotid masses and clinically suspicious lymph nodes is highly recommended.
Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy in Squamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: 5-Year Update of the Phase III KEYNOTE-407 Study
Authors: Novello Silvia , Kowalski Dariusz M. , Luft Alexander , Gümüş Mahmut , Vicente David , Mazières Julien , Rodríguez-Cid Jeronimo , Tafreshi Ali , Cheng Ying , Lee Ki Hyeong , Golf Alexander , Sugawara Shunichi , Robinson Andrew G. , Halmos Balazs , Jensen Erin , Schwarzenberger Paul , Pietanza M. Catherine , Paz-Ares Luis 
Published: February 2023

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. We report 5-year efficacy and safety outcomes from the phase III KEYNOTE-407 study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02775435 ). Eligible patients with previously untreated, metastatic squamous non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomly assigned 1:1 to pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo plus carboplatin and paclitaxel/nab-paclitaxel once every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by pembrolizumab or placebo for up to 35 cycles. Primary end points were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) per RECIST version 1.1 by blinded independent central review (BICR). Five hundred fifty-nine patients were randomly assigned in the intention-to-treat population (pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, n = 278; placebo plus chemotherapy, n = 281). The median time from random assignment to data cutoff was 56.9 (range, 49.9-66.2) months. OS and PFS were improved with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy (hazard ratio [95% CI], 0.71 [0.59 to 0.85] and 0.62 [0.52 to 0.74]), with 5-year OS rates of 18.4% versus 9.7%, respectively. Toxicity was manageable. Among 55 patients who completed 35 cycles of pembrolizumab, the objective response rate was 90.9% and the 3-year OS rate after completion of 35 cycles (approximately 5 years after random assignment) was 69.5%. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy maintained an OS and PFS benefit versus placebo plus chemotherapy in previously untreated, metastatic squamous NSCLC and is a standard-of-care first-line treatment option for metastatic squamous NSCLC regardless of programmed death ligand 1 expression.
Pre-Meal Whey Protein Alters Postprandial Insulinemia by Enhancing β-Cell Function and Reducing Insulin Clearance in T2D
Authors: Smith Kieran , Taylor Guy S , Walker Mark , Brunsgaard Lise H , Bowden Davies Kelly A , Stevenson Emma J , West Daniel J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Context
Treatments that reduce postprandial glycemia (PPG) independent of stimulating insulin secretion are appealing for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Consuming pre-meal whey protein (WP) reduces PPG by delaying gastric emptying and increasing plasma insulin concentrations. However, its effects on β-cell function and insulin kinetics remains unclear.

Objective
To examine the PPG-regulatory effects of pre-meal WP by modeling insulin secretion rates (ISR), insulin clearance, and β-cell function.

Methods
This was a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design study in 18 adults with T2D (HbA1c, 56.7 ± 8.8 mmol/mol) who underwent 2 240-minute mixed-meal tolerance tests. Participants consumed WP (15 g protein) or placebo (0 g protein) 10 minutes before a mixed-macronutrient breakfast meal. PPG, pancreatic islet, and incretin hormones were measured throughout. ISR was calculated by C-peptide deconvolution. Estimates of insulin clearance and β-cell function were modeled from glucose, insulin, and ISR. Changes in PPG incremental area under the curve (iAUC; prespecified) and insulin clearance (post hoc) were measured.

Results
β-cell function was 40% greater after WP (P = .001) and was accompanied with a −22% reduction in postprandial insulin clearance vs placebo (P &lt; .0001). Both the peak change and PPG iAUC were reduced by WP (−1.5 mmol/L and −16%, respectively; both P &lt; .05). Pre-meal WP augmented a 5.9-fold increase in glucagon and glucagon-like peptide 1 iAUC (both P &lt; .0001), and a 1.5-fold increase in insulin iAUC (P &lt; .001). Although the plasma insulin response was greater following WP, ISR was unaffected (P = .133).

Conclusion
In adults with T2D, pre-meal WP reduced PPG by coordinating an enhancement in β-cell function with a reduction in insulin clearance. This enabled an efficient postprandial insulinemic profile to be achieved without requiring further β-cell stimulation.
Trial registry ISRCTN ID: ISRCTN17563146
Website link: www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17563146
Spectrum of Clinical Presentations, Imaging Findings, and HLA Types in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Hypophysitis
Authors: Quandt Zoe , Kim Stephanie , Villanueva-Meyer Javier , Coupe Catherine , Young Arabella , Kang Jee Hye , Yazdany Jinoos , Schmajuk Gabriela , Rush Stephanie , Ziv Elad , Perdigoto Ana Luisa , Herold Kevan , Lechner Melissa G , Su Maureen A , Tyrrell J Blake , Bluestone Jeffrey , Anderson Mark , Masharani Umesh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContextHypophysitis is a known immune-related adverse event (irAE) of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs), commonly associated with CTLA-4 inhibitors and less often with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine clinical, imaging, and HLA characteristics of CPI-induced hypophysitis (CPI-hypophysitis).MethodsWe examined the clinical and biochemical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary, and association with HLA type in patients with CPI-hypophysitis.ResultsForty-nine patients were identified. Mean age was 61.3 years, 61.2% were men, 81.6% were Caucasian, 38.8% had melanoma, and 44.5% received PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy while the remainder received CTLA-4 inhibitor monotherapy or CTLA-4/PD-1 inhibitor combination therapy. A comparison of CTLA-4 inhibitor exposure vs PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy revealed faster time to CPI-hypophysitis (median 84 vs 185 days, P &lt; .01) and abnormal pituitary appearance on MRI (odds ratio 7.00, P = .03). We observed effect modification by sex in the association between CPI type and time to CPI-hypophysitis. In particular, anti-CTLA-4 exposed men had a shorter time to onset than women. MRI changes of the pituitary were most common at the time of hypophysitis diagnosis (55.6% enlarged, 37.0% normal, 7.4% empty or partially empty) but persisted in follow-up (23.8% enlarged, 57.1% normal, 19.1% empty or partially empty). HLA typing was done on 55 subjects; HLA type DQ0602 was over-represented in CPI-hypophysitis relative to the Caucasian American population (39.4% vs 21.5%, P = 0.01) and CPI population.ConclusionThe association of CPI-hypophysitis with HLA DQ0602 suggests a genetic risk for its development. The clinical phenotype of hypophysitis appears heterogenous, with differences in timing of onset, changes in thyroid function tests, MRI changes, and possibly sex related to CPI type. These factors may play an important role in our mechanistic understanding of CPI-hypophysitis.
Successful Treatment of Pure Aqueductal Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma and Arrested Hydrocephalus With Endoscopic Tumor Resection Followed by Chemotherapy: A Case Report and Technical Considerations
Authors: Sakata Kiyohiko , Hashimoto Aya , Kotaki Yoshikuni , Yoshitake Hidenobu , Shimokawa Shoko , Komaki Satoru , Nakamura Hideo , Furuta Takuya , Morioka Motohiro 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Pure aqueductal tumors are extremely rare and may lead to death, regardless of histopathology. We report the first case of pure aqueductal pilomyxoid astrocytoma in an adult woman with arrested hydrocephalus. Endoscopic tumor resection for securing aqueductal patency followed by chemotherapy allowed control of both the tumor and the hydrocephalus.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 20-year-old woman presented with mild cognitive dysfunction and marked ventricular dilatation. She had no preoperative symptoms of intracranial hypertension, and her head circumference was more than 2 SDs above the 98th percentile. The aqueduct of Sylvius was entirely occupied by a neoplastic lesion with 2 periventricular nodules at the wall of the third ventricle and anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. She was treated successfully with endoscopic tumor resection followed by chemotherapy, and the patency of the aqueduct of Sylvius was secured throughout the duration of treatment.

CONCLUSION:
Pure aqueductal tumors may be an appropriate indication for endoscopic tumor resection to secure the aqueductal patency of cerebrospinal fluid. This case demonstrates the surgical technique of a combined rigid-flexible endoscopic transforaminal approach, which was a useful surgical intervention for the management of this patient.