bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of curcumin plus piperine co‐supplementation in moderate‐to‐high hepatic steatosis: A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Sharifi Shima , Bagherniya Mohammad , Khoram Ziba , Ebrahimi Varzaneh Amrollah , Atkin Stephen L. , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Askari Gholamreza 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNon‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem that can progress to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of curcumin + piperine on cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD patients with moderate‐to‐high hepatic steatosis. Patients diagnosed with moderate‐to‐high NAFLD by liver sonography were randomized to either curcumin + piperine (500 mg/day curcumin plus 5 mg/day piperine) for 12 weeks (n = 30) or placebo groups (n = 30). Liver fibroscan, anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, physical activity, blood pressure, lipid profile, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and liver enzymes were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of follow‐up. Intention‐to‐treat analysis was undertaken. Curcumin + piperine decreased waist circumference (p = 0.026), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.004), low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (p = 0.006), FBG (p = 0.002), alanine transaminase (p = 0.007) and aspartate transaminase (p = 0.012) compared with placebo. However, fibroscan measurement did not differ between curcumin + piperine and placebo groups (p > 0.05). Fibroscan measurement as a marker of NAFLD improvement did not differ after 12 weeks of curcumin + piperine; however, curcumin + piperine may be considered as an adjunct therapy to improve anthropometric measures, blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose, and liver function in NAFLD patients.
Sensible heat fluxes control cloud trail strength
Authors: Johnston Michael C. , Holloway Christopher E. , Plant Robert S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConvective cloud bands known as “cloud trails” (CTs) are commonly found downwind of small islands (<(100) km2) throughout the world. They occur primarily in the afternoon, and are known to form in response to land–sea contrasts under the presence of background flow. A set of idealized numerical experiments with 100‐m horizontal grid spacing is performed to quantify the relationship between the surface forcing produced by an island and the strength of the resulting CT circulation. These experiments are based on observed environmental conditions for which a CT occurred off Bermuda, a small subtropical island. For these simulations, the CT circulation is found to be controlled by the strength of the integrated excess heating of the flow as it passes over the island. This excess heating is in turn controlled by the strength of the island heat fluxes when the wind speed and the island geometry are kept constant. Our experiments show, all else equal, a linear relationship between CT circulation strength and the island surface heat flux.
Establishing the accuracy of position‐specific carbon isotope analysis of propane by GC‐pyrolysis‐GC‐IRMS
Authors: Liu Changjie , Liu Peng , Wang Xiaofeng , Li Xiaoqiang , Horita Juske 
Published: February 2023

RationalePosition‐specific (PS) δ13C values of propane have proven their ability to provide valuable information on the evolution history of natural gases. Two major approaches to measure PS δ13C values of propane are isotopic 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography‐pyrolysis‐gas chromatography‐isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC‐Py‐GC‐IRMS). Measurement accuracy of the isotopic 13C NMR has been verified, but the requirements of large sample size and long experimental time limit its applications. GC‐Py‐GC‐IRMS is a more versatile method with a small sample size, but its accuracy has not been demonstrated.MethodsWe measured the PS δ13C values of propane from nine natural gases using both 13C NMR and GC‐Py‐GC‐IRMS, then evaluated the accuracy of the GC‐Py‐GC‐IRMS method.ResultsThe results show that large carbon isotope fractionations occurred for both terminal and central carbons within propane during pyrolysis. The isotope fractionations during the pyrolysis are reproducible at optimum conditions, but vary between the two GC‐Py‐GC‐IRMS systems tested, affected by experimental conditions (e.g., pyrolysis temperature, flow rate, and reactor conditions).ConclusionsIt is necessary to evaluate and calibrate each GC‐Py‐GC‐IRMS system using propane gases with accurately determined PS δ13C values. This study also highlights a need for PS isotope standards for propane and other molecules (e.g., butane and acetic acid).
Remote‐access robotic thyroidectomy: A systematic review
Authors: Vanermen Margaux , Vander Poorten Vincent , Meulemans Jeroen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecently, robotic surgery has been introduced as a new surgical approach to the thyroid.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this systematic review is to critically examine safety and feasibility of the different robotic approaches.MethodsThe literature on robotic thyroidectomy was systematically reviewed. Primary endpoints were surgery duration, length of hospital stay, complications, postoperative pain and cosmetic satisfaction.ResultsSixty‐eight studies with a total of 14433 patients were included. Depending on the robotic approach used, operative duration ranged between 89 and 230 min and hospitalisation stay between 0.1 and 5.6 days. Complication rates varied between 7.3% and 29%. Postoperative pain visual analogue scores (VAS) ranged from 0.6 to 4.71.ConclusionRobotic thyroidectomy results in high cosmetic satisfaction and quality of life. No differences in complication rates between robotic and traditional approaches are observed, supporting safety and feasibility of these robotic techniques.
Clustering and percolation on superpositions of Bernoulli random graphs
Authors: Bloznelis Mindaugas , Leskelä Lasse 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA simple but powerful network model with nodes and partly overlapping layers is generated as an overlay of independent random graphs with variable sizes and densities. The model is parameterized by a joint distribution of layer sizes and densities. When grows linearly and as , the model generates sparse random graphs with a rich statistical structure, admitting a nonvanishing clustering coefficient together with a limiting degree distribution and clustering spectrum with tunable power‐law exponents. Remarkably, the model admits parameter regimes in which bond percolation exhibits two phase transitions: the first related to the emergence of a giant connected component, and the second to the appearance of gigantic single‐layer components.
Site percolation on pseudo‐random graphs
Authors: Diskin Sahar , Krivelevich Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider vertex percolation on pseudo‐random ‐regular graphs. The previous study by the second author established the existence of phase transition from small components to a linear (in ) sized component, at . In the supercritical regime, our main result recovers the sharp asymptotic of the size of the largest component, and shows that all other components are typically much smaller. Furthermore, we consider other typical properties of the largest component such as the number of edges, existence of a long cycle and expansion. In the subcritical regime, we strengthen the upper bound on the likely component size.
Mapping social impacts of agricultural commodity trade onto the sustainable development goals
Authors: Schaafsma Marije , Dreoni Ilda , Ayompe Lacour Mody , Egoh Benis N. , Ekayana Dewa Putu , Favareto Arilson , Mumbunan Sonny , Nakagawa Louise , Ngouhouo‐poufoun Jonas , Sassen Marieke , Uehara Thiago Kanashiro , Matthews Zoe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile international trade in agricultural commodities can spur economic development especially where governance is strong, there are also concerns about the local impacts of commodity production and their distribution on the environment and on people. The sustainable development goals (SDGs), though seeing trade as a means to support their achievement, recognise the need to address potential negative social and environmental impacts. It is therefore important to assess the contribution of international trade to the SDGs in commodity production areas. The environmental impacts of commodity production are widely acknowledged, but much less is known about its social impacts, and how this affects poverty reduction objectives across different dimensions. Impacts on human wellbeing and equity depend on a multitude of factors, including resources, systemic conditions and outputs of production. Through a broad literature review on soy, coffee, cocoa and palm oil, we show how studies have addressed different aspects of these factors and their impacts. The paper demonstrates how efforts by actors in global supply chains are related to a large number of SDGs and their targets. We link the social impacts and factors to the SDGs and a list of potential indicators and variables to guide operationalisation of assessments in new empirical studies.
An updated view on the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies
Authors: Barducci Daniele , Toni Claudio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In view of the latest experimental results recently released by the ATOMKI collaboration, we critically re-examine the possible theoretical interpretation of the observed anomalies in terms of a new BSM boson X with mass ~ 17 MeV. To this end we employ a multipole expansion method and give an estimate for the range of values of the nucleon couplings to the new light state in order to match the experimental observations. Our conclusions identify the axial vector state as the most promising candidate, while other spin/parity assignments seems disfavored for a combined explanation. This results is however based on an order of magnitude estimate for the, currently unknown, axial nuclear matrix element of the 12C transition, that needs then to be evaluated before being able to draw a definite conclusion. Intriguingly, an axial vector state can also simultaneously accommodate other experimental anomalies, i.e. the KTeV anomaly in π0 → e+e− decay while being compatible with the conflicting measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron (g – 2)e and other constraints on the electron couplings of the X boson. The PADME experiment will completely cover the relevant region of the parameter space, thus allowing for a strong test of the existence of the X particle.
Quadratic Decomposition of Bivariate Orthogonal Polynomials
Authors: Branquinho Amílcar , Foulquié-Moreno Ana , Pérez Teresa E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe describe the relation between the systems of bivariate orthogonal polynomial associated to a symmetric weight function and associated to some particular Christoffel modifications of the quadratic decomposition of the original weight. We analyze the construction of a symmetric bivariate orthogonal polynomial sequence from a given one, orthogonal to a weight function defined on the first quadrant of the plane. In this description, a sort of Bäcklund type matrix transformations for the involved three term matrix coefficients plays an important role. Finally, we take as a case study relations between the classical orthogonal polynomials defined on the ball and those on the simplex.
Irregularity of the Bergman Projection on Smooth Unbounded Worm Domains
Authors: Krantz Steven G. , Monguzzi Alessandro , Peloso Marco M. , Stoppato Caterina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, we consider smooth unbounded worm domains $${\mathcal {Z}}_\lambda $$

Z
λ

in $${\mathbb {C}}^2$$

C

2

and show that the Bergman projection, densely defined on the Sobolev spaces $$H^{s,p}({\mathcal {Z}}_\lambda ),$$

H

s
,
p

(

Z
λ

)

,

$$p\in (1,\infty ),$$

p
∈
(
1
,
∞
)
,

$$s\ge 0,$$

s
≥
0
,

does not extend to a bounded operator $$P_\lambda :H^{s,p}({\mathcal {Z}}_\lambda )\rightarrow H^{s,p}({\mathcal {Z}}_\lambda )$$

P
λ

:

H

s
,
p

(

Z
λ

)

→

H

s
,
p

(

Z
λ

)

when $$s>0$$

s
>
0

or $$p\ne 2.$$

p
≠
2
.

The same irregularity was known in the case of the non-smooth unbounded worm. This improved result shows that the irregularity of the projection is not a consequence of the irregularity of the boundary but instead of the infinite windings of the worm domain.
A comparative characterisation of commercially available lipid-polymer nanoparticles formed from model membranes
Authors: Sawczyc Henry , Heit Sabine , Watts Anthony 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrom the discovery of the first membrane-interacting polymer, styrene maleic-acid (SMA), there has been a rapid development of membrane solubilising polymers. These new polymers can solubilise membranes under a wide range of conditions and produce varied sizes of nanoparticles, yet there has been a lack of broad comparison between the common polymer types and solubilising conditions. Here, we present a comparative study on the three most common commercial polymers: SMA 3:1, SMA 2:1, and DIBMA. Additionally, this work presents, for the first time, a comparative characterisation of polymethacrylate copolymer (PMA). Absorbance and dynamic light scattering measurements were used to evaluate solubilisation across key buffer conditions in a simple, adaptable assay format that looked at pH, salinity, and divalent cation concentration. Lipid-polymer nanoparticles formed from SMA variants were found to be the most susceptible to buffer effects, with nanoparticles from either zwitterionic DMPC or POPC:POPG (3:1) bilayers only forming in low to moderate salinity (< 600 mM NaCl) and above pH 6. DIBMA-lipid nanoparticles could be formed above a pH of 5 and were stable in up to 4 M NaCl. Similarly, PMA-lipid nanoparticles were stable in all NaCl concentrations tested (up to 4 M) and a broad pH range (3–10). However, for both DIBMA and PMA nanoparticles there is a severe penalty observed for bilayer solubilisation in non-optimal conditions or when using a charged membrane. Additionally, lipid fluidity of the DMPC-polymer nanoparticles was analysed through cw-EPR, showing no cooperative gel-fluid transition as would be expected for native-like lipid membranes.
Can an artificial intelligence powered software reliably assess pelvic radiographs?
Authors: Schwarz Gilbert M , Simon Sebastian , Mitterer Jennyfer A , Huber Stephanie , Frank Bernhard JH , Aichmair Alexander , Dominkus Martin , Hofstaetter Jochen G 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Despite advances of three-dimensional imaging pelvic radiographs remain the cornerstone in the evaluation of the hip joint. However, large inter- and intra-rater variabilities were reported due to subjective landmark setting. Artificial intelligence (AI)–powered software applications could improve the reproducibility of pelvic radiograph evaluation by providing standardized measurements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and agreement of a newly developed AI algorithm for the evaluation of pelvic radiographs.

Methods
Three-hundred pelvic radiographs from 280 patients with different degrees of acetabular coverage and osteoarthritis (Tönnis Grade 0 to 3) were evaluated. Reliability and agreement between manual measurements and the outputs of the AI software were assessed for the lateral-center-edge (LCE) angle, neck-shaft angle, sharp angle, acetabular index, as well as the femoral head extrusion index.

Results
The AI software provided reliable results in 94.3% (283/300). The ICC values ranged between 0.73 for the Acetabular Index to 0.80 for the LCE Angle. Agreement between readers and AI outputs, given by the standard error of measurement (SEM), was good for hips with normal coverage (LCE-SEM: 3.4°) and no osteoarthritis (LCE-SEM: 3.3°) and worse for hips with undercoverage (LCE-SEM: 5.2°) or severe osteoarthritis (LCE-SEM: 5.1°).

Conclusion
AI-powered applications are a reliable alternative to manual evaluation of pelvic radiographs. While being accurate for patients with normal acetabular coverage and mild signs of osteoarthritis, it needs improvement in the evaluation of patients with hip dysplasia and severe osteoarthritis.
Transoral Thyroidectomy: Initial Results of the European TOETVA Study Group
Authors: Arikan Melisa , Riss Philipp ,   the European TOETVA Study Group, Scheuba Christian , Schopf Stefan , Karakas Elias , Klein Günther , Michlmayr Linda , Schardey Martin , Busch Peter , Hermann Michael , Grabner Thomas , Makay Özer , Özdemir Murat , Karimov Ziya , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Casaril Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate a new surgical technique by the European Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) Study Group.MethodsThis study included 391 patients (47 [(12%]) male and 344 [(88%)] female) who had undergone endoscopic thyroid or parathyroid surgery via the vestibular approach between February 2016 and May 2022 at nine centers. The data were analyzed with regard to complications, surgery time and specimen retrieval.ResultsOverall, 376 (96.2%) TOETVA and 15 (3.8%) transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach interventions were performed with an average surgery time of 145 (± 61.2) minutes and 509 nerves at risk. The specimens were retrieved via a transoral vestibular and retroauricular approach in 66 (16.9%) patients and via a transaxillary approach in 8 (2%). Benign histology including Grave's disease was identified in 272 (69.6%) patients, 1 (0.3%) presented noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary‐like nuclear features, and 103 (26.3%) showed differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Solitary parathyroid adenoma were removed in 15 (3.8%) patients. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 13 (3.3%) and revision had to be performed in 2 (0.5%) patients. Transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) was present in 18 (4.6%) and permanent RLNP in 2 (0.5%) patients. Fifteen (3.8%) patients experienced transient hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy. No case of permanent hypoparathyroidism was observed. Postoperative surgical site infection occurred in 1 (0.3%) patient. Despite a higher rate of sensory and motor disorders and skin discoloration at discharge, permanent disorders were present in only 3 (0.8%) and 16 (4.1%) patients, respectively.ConclusionOur results show that transoral endoscopic surgery, performed by experienced endocrine surgeons, is a safe alternative to conventional thyroid surgery.
Deep learning nomogram based on Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI for predicting early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy
Authors: Yan Meng , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Bin , Geng Zhijun , Xie Chuanmiao , Yang Wei , Zhang Shuixing , Qi Zhendong , Lin Ting , Ke Qiying , Li Xinming , Wang Shutong , Quan Xianyue 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The accurate prediction of post-hepatectomy early recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial for decision-making regarding postoperative adjuvant treatment and monitoring. We aimed to explore the feasibility of deep learning (DL) features derived from gadoxetate disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA) MRI, qualitative features, and clinical variables for predicting early recurrence.

Methods
In this bicentric study, 285 patients with HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI before resection were divided into training (n = 195) and validation (n = 90) sets. DL features were extracted from contrast-enhanced MRI images using VGGNet-19. Three feature selection methods and five classification methods were combined for DL signature construction. Subsequently, an mp-MR DL signature fused with multiphase DL signatures of contrast-enhanced images was constructed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify early recurrence risk factors including mp-MR DL signature, microvascular invasion (MVI), and tumor number. A DL nomogram was built by incorporating deep features and significant clinical variables to achieve early recurrence prediction.

Results
MVI (p = 0.039), tumor number (p = 0.001), and mp-MR DL signature (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for early recurrence. The DL nomogram outperformed the clinical nomogram in the training set (AUC: 0.949 vs. 0.751; p < 0.001) and validation set (AUC: 0.909 vs. 0.715; p = 0.002). Excellent DL nomogram calibration was achieved in both training and validation sets. Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical usefulness of DL nomogram.

Conclusion
The proposed DL nomogram was superior to the clinical nomogram in predicting early recurrence for HCC patients after hepatectomy.

Key Points
• Deep learning signature based on Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI was the predominant independent predictor of early recurrence for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.
• Deep learning nomogram based on clinical factors and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI features is promising for predicting early recurrence of HCC.
• Deep learning nomogram outperformed the conventional clinical nomogram in predicting early recurrence.
Femtosecond tunable-wavelength photoassisted cold field emission
Authors: Haindl Rudolf , Köster Kerim , Gaida John H. , Franz Maximilian , Feist Armin , Ropers Claus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate photoassisted cold field emission (PFE) from a tungsten tip induced by tunable-wavelength low-power femtosecond laser excitation. The emission current from the apex of the (310)-oriented single-crystalline emitter is shown to linearly depend on the incident laser power, while the effective work function is reduced by the respective photon energy. Our results promote the implementation of the linear regime in laser-triggered cold field emission for ultrafast transmission electron microscopy.