bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Preexisting Heart Failure With Outcomes in Older Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Upshaw Jenica N. , Nelson Jason , Rodday Angie Mae , Kumar Anita J. , Klein Andreas K. , Konstam Marvin A. , Wong John B. , Jaffe Iris Z. , Ky Bonnie , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Maurer Matthew , Kent David M. , Parsons Susan K. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceAnthracycline-containing regimens are highly effective for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); however, patients with preexisting heart failure (HF) may be less likely to receive anthracyclines and may be at higher risk of lymphoma mortality.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of preexisting HF in older patients with DLBCL and its association with treatment patterns and outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare registry from 1999 to 2016. The SEER registry is a system of population-based cancer registries, capturing more than 25% of the US population. Linkage to Medicare offers additional information from billing claims. This study included individuals 65 years and older with newly diagnosed DLBCL from 2000 to 2015 with Medicare Part A or B continuously in the year prior to lymphoma diagnosis. Data were analyzed from September 2020 to December 2022.ExposuresPreexisting HF in the year prior to DLBCL diagnosis ascertained from billing codes required one of the following: (1) 1 primary inpatient discharge diagnosis, (2) 2 outpatient diagnoses, (3) 3 secondary inpatient discharge diagnoses, (4) 3 emergency department diagnoses, or (5) 2 secondary inpatient discharge diagnoses plus 1 outpatient diagnosis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was anthracycline-based treatment. The secondary outcomes were (1) cardioprotective medications and (2) cause-specific mortality. The associations between preexisting HF and cancer treatment were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. The associations between preexisting HF and cause-specific mortality were evaluated using cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for comorbidities and cancer treatment.ResultsOf 30 728 included patients with DLBCL, 15 474 (50.4%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 77.8 (7.2) years. Preexisting HF at lymphoma diagnosis was present in 4266 patients (13.9%). Patients with preexisting HF were less likely to be treated with an anthracycline (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.49-0.61). Among patients with preexisting HF who received an anthracycline, dexrazoxane or liposomal doxorubicin were used in 78 of 1119 patients (7.0%). One-year lymphoma mortality was 41.8% (95% CI, 40.5-43.2) with preexisting HF and 29.6% (95% CI, 29.0%-30.1%) without preexisting HF. Preexisting HF was associated with higher lymphoma mortality in models adjusting for baseline and time-varying treatment factors (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.18-1.31).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, preexisting HF in patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL was common and was associated with lower use of anthracyclines and lower use of any chemotherapy. Trials are needed for this high-risk population.
Global Coverage and Design of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes
Authors: Hattersley Libby , Mandeville Kate L. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceSugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are gaining in popularity. The lack of a comprehensive repository of standardized data on SSB taxes and their designs, however, has stymied understanding of current practice in SSB taxes.ObjectiveTo assess the coverage and design of SSB taxes worldwide using the new Global SSB Tax Database.Evidence ReviewSugar-sweetened beverage taxes were collated from existing data sources, hand-searching of peer-reviewed and gray literature, and an internet search. Relevant legislation was identified to verify each tax and extract data on designs.FindingsA total of 118 taxes were verified, including 105 national and 13 subnational taxes. National SSB taxes are in effect in 103 countries and territories, covering 51% of the world’s population. A total of 67% of people living in low-income and 73% in lower-middle–income economies are covered by national SSB taxes, compared with 29% in upper-middle–income and high-income economies. National SSB taxes cover 98% of the population in South Asia compared with only 10% in East Asia and the Pacific. Most SSB taxes are excise taxes (104 of 118 [88%]). Excise taxes in high-income economies are mostly specific (27 of 36 [75%]), whereas ad valorem and mixed taxes are more common in low- and middle-income economies (36 of 66 [55%]). Most specific excise taxes are based on volume only (54 of 59 [92%]), with just 3 jurisdictions applying purely sugar-specific excise taxes. More than half of excise taxes worldwide (55 of 104 [53%]) apply tiered rates, with tiers more commonly defined by beverage type (41 of 55 [75%]) than by sugar content (18 of 55 [33%]). Tiers defined by sugar content are mainly used in high-income countries (13 of 18 [72%]) and Europe and Central Asia (10 of 18 [56%]). Almost one-third of excise taxes worldwide (30 of 104 [29%]) and almost half of excise taxes in low- and middle-income economies (28 of 66 [42%]) apply to unsweetened bottled water.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study provides a comprehensive review of global coverage and design of SSB taxes. Sugar-sweetened beverage tax coverage is higher than previously reported, with clear differences in designs between regions and income groups. These findings can inform a more empirically grounded approach to SSB tax guidance.
Cesarean Delivery Trends Among Patients at Low Risk for Cesarean Delivery in the US, 2000-2019
Authors: Frappaolo Anna M. , Logue Teresa C. , Goffman Dena , Nathan Lisa M. , Sheen Jean-Ju , Andrikopoulou Maria , Wen Timothy , D’Alton Mary E. , Friedman Alexander M. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceReducing rates of unnecessary cesarean deliveries is both a national and a global health objective. However, there are limited national US data on trends in indications for low-risk cesarean delivery.ObjectiveTo determine temporal trends in and indications for cesarean delivery among patients at low risk for the procedure over a 20-year period.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study analyzed 2000 to 2019 delivery hospitalizations using the National Inpatient Sample. Births at low risk for cesarean delivery were identified using a definition from the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and additional criteria. Temporal trends in cesarean birth were analyzed using joinpoint regression to estimate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% CIs. Data analysis was performed from August 2022 to January 2023.ExposureThis analysis evaluated cesarean birth trends in a population at low risk for this procedure over a 20-year period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIn addition to overall cesarean birth risk, cesarean deliveries for nonreassuring fetal status and labor arrest were individually analyzed.ResultsOf an estimated 76.7 million delivery hospitalizations, 21.5 million were excluded according to the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine definition, and 14.7 million were excluded according to additional criteria. Of the estimated 40 517 867 deliveries included, 12.1% (4 885 716 deliveries) were by cesarean delivery. Cesarean deliveries among patients at low risk for the procedure increased from 9.7% to 13.9% between 2000 and 2009, plateaued, and then decreased from 13.0% to 11.1% between 2012 and 2019. The AAPC for cesarean delivery was 6.4% (95% CI, 5.2% to 7.6%) from 2000 to 2005, 1.2% from 2005 to 2009 (95% CI, −1.2% to 3.7%), and −2.2% from 2009 to 2019 (95% CI, −2.7% to −1.8%). Cesarean delivery for nonreassuring fetal status increased from 3.4% of all deliveries in 2000 to 5.1% in 2019 (AAPC, 2.1%; 95% CI, 1.7% to 2.5%). Cesarean delivery for labor arrest increased from 3.6% in 2000 to a peak of 4.8% in 2009 before decreasing to 2.7% in 2019. Cesarean deliveries for labor arrest increased during the first half of the study (2000-2009) for the active phase (from 1.5% to 2.1%), latent phase (from 1.1% to 1.5%), and second stage (from 0.9% to 1.3%) and then decreased from 2010 to 2019, from 2.1% to 1.7% for the active phase, from 1.5% to 1.2% for the latent phase, and from 1.2% to 0.9% for the second stage.Conclusions and RelevanceCesarean deliveries among patients at low risk for cesarean birth appeared to decrease over the latter years of the study period, with cesarean deliveries for labor arrest becoming less common.
CAreFL: Enhancing smart healthcare with Contribution‐Aware Federated Learning
Authors: Liu Zelei , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhao Yansong , Yu Han , Liu Yang , Bao Renyi , Jiang Jinpeng , Nie Zaiqing , Xu Qian , Yang Qiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is a promising technology to transform the healthcare industry. Due to the highly sensitive nature of patient data, federated learning (FL) is often leveraged to build models for smart healthcare applications. Existing deployed FL frameworks cannot address the key issues of varying data quality and heterogeneous data distributions across multiple institutions in this sector. In this paper, we report our experience developing and deploying the Contribution‐Aware Federated Learning (CAreFL) framework for smart healthcare. It provides an efficient and accurate approach to fairly evaluate FL participants’ contributions to model performance without exposing their private data, and improves the FL model training protocol by allowing the best performing intermediate sub‐models to be distributed to participants for FL training. Since its deployment by Yidu Cloud Technology Inc. in March 2021, CAreFL has served eight well‐established medical institutions in China to build healthcare decision support models. It can perform contribution evaluations close to three times faster than the best existing approach and has improved the average accuracy of the resulting models by more than 2% compared to the previous system (which is significant in industrial settings). To the best of our knowledge, it is the first CAreFL successfully deployed in the healthcare industry.
Design of asynchronous switched Takagi–Sugeno model‐based H∞ filters with nonlinear consequent parts for switched nonlinear systems
Authors: Chekakta Issam , Jabri Dalel , Motchon Koffi M. D. , Guelton Kevin , Belkhiat Djamel E. C. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis paper investigates the design of asynchronous switched nonlinear filters for a class of continuous‐time nonlinear switched systems with mismatching switching laws and norm‐bounded disturbances. In this context, the switched nonlinear system is modelled as a switched Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) model with nonlinear consequent parts, that is, where unmeasured nonlinear terms are kept in the nonlinear consequent parts in order to circumvent the occurrence of unmeasured premise variables, which is usually faced in conventional T‐S modeling without nonlinear consequent parts. In this framework, asynchronous switched T‐S filters with unmeasured nonlinear consequent parts are proposed to estimate unmeasured and/or disturbed system's outputs, even when the filter's switching law mismatches the switched nonlinear system's one, which can be in practice unknown or imprecisely measured. Based on a candidate multiple Lyapunov function, combined with a criterion, conditions are proposed in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities for the design of the considered asynchronous switched T‐S filters with unmeasured nonlinear consequent parts. Compared with previous related works, these conditions have the advantage of being dwell‐time‐independent and less conservative, thanks to the incremental quadratic constraints employed to deal with the unmeasured nonlinear consequent parts. Furthermore, acknowledging that T‐S models are only representing nonlinear ones on subsets of their state space, an optimization procedure to estimate the filtering error's domain of attraction is developed. Two illustrative examples are considered to validate the proposed results. An academic one is presented to illustrate the improvements brought in terms of conservatism by the proposed switched T‐S filter design methodology with regards to previous related studies. Then, a case study illustrates the effectiveness of this proposal from a switched nonlinear mass‐spring system inspired from related literature.
A New (De)Intercalation MXene/Bi Cathode for Ultrastable Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery
Authors: Wang Qiang , Wang Mengjie , Wen Li , Zeng Wei , Ge Binghui , Zhang Chaofeng , Yue Yang , Wang Siliang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe emerging aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have received extensive attention and research due to their unique advantages of low cost, safety, and environmental friendliness. However, the development of appropriate cathode materials to improve battery performance remains a major challenge. Herein, a new MXene and Bi (MXene/Bi) composite material is first applied as the (de)intercalation cathode of ZIB. The dispersed MXene nanosheets in the composite materials greatly improve the conductivity and hydrophilicity of the electrode, and prevent the stacking and the volume expansion in the charge/discharge process of 2D Bi fragments. The experimental results show that composite MXene/Bi electrode has remarkable capacity and ultralong life. Next, the good kinetics and (de)intercalation energy storage mechanism of ZIB are revealed through abundant electrochemical tests and ex situ characterization. The quasi‐solid‐state (QSS) ZIB is also constructed, showing superior electrochemical performance, flexibility, pressure resistance, and heat resistance. Besides, the QSS ZIB can be used directly as a self‐powered pressure sensor to monitor the external pressure in real time based on the response current. This study not only demonstrates that MXene/Bi is a potential cathode for ZIBs, but also offers a feasible path to explore and design the next generation of high‐performance multifunctional ZIBs.
Ultrafast Laser Plasmonic Fabrication of Nanocrystals by Molecule Modulation for Photoresponse Multifunctional Structures
Authors: Zhu Dezhi , Xie Jiawang , Yan Jianfeng , He Guangzhi , Qiao Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanotechnology has attracted wide research attention in constructing functional devices, including integrated circuits, transparent electrodes, and flexible actuators. Bottom‐up fabrication is an important approach for functional structure manufacture, however, the controllable fabrication of complex architectures for practical applications has long been a challenge. Here, a novel strategy of laser plasmonic fabrication based on glue molecule modulation is proposed that can assemble metal nanocrystals into interconnected pattern networks. The plasmonic response of nanocrystals is adjustable with molecule modulation, which is a benefit for the effective formation of laser‐induced localized oscillating electrons. The further decomposition of molecules and the movement of nanocrystal surface atoms can achieve the coalescence of assembled nanocrystals. It demonstrates that complex architectures can be controllably constructed by molecule level modulation. Through molecule‐assisted laser plasmonic fabrication, the functional nanocrystals with enhanced photothermal capacity can be used for information encryption and soft machinery. This work expands the knowledge of bottom‐up fabrication and provides a method for designing functional nanocrystals for a wide range of applications.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Dearomatization Reaction for the Construction of Axially Chiral Urazole Embedded Naphthalenones
Authors: Parida Chandrakanta , Dave Siddharth K. , Das Kousik , Chandra Pan Subhas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHerein we disclose a catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reaction of β‐naphthols with 4‐aryl‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3,5‐diones. A chiral phosphoric acid with spiro motif was found to be effective for this reaction. The chiral urazole embedded naphthalenones having both axial and central chirality were obtained in good to high yields (70–85%) with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities (>20:1, 8–96% ees), having C−N rotational energy barrier 31.54 K.Cal.mol−1 and t1/225 °C=589.8 years. The scope of the reaction was broad and few applications including a bromo‐amination reaction have been demonstrated.magnified image
Body size, form, composition, and a healthy lifestyle associates with health‐related quality of life among Portuguese children
Authors: Rodrigues Daniela , Machado‐Rodrigues Aristides M. , Gama Augusta , Silva Maria‐Raquel G. , Nogueira Helena , Padez Cristina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the relationship between body size, form, and composition, and children's lifestyle on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study comprised 1333 children (9.05 ± 0.75 years; 683 females) living in mainland Portugal. Objective anthropometric measures were collected. Parents answered a standardized questionnaire related with children's lifestyle (e.g., sport participation, screen‐ and sleep‐time) and family socioeconomic status (e.g., parental education). HRQoL was measured using the Portuguese version of the KIDSCREEN‐27. Scores were categorized into low and high using a sex‐specific normative cut‐off from European children. A healthier score was created including positive scores for body weight, abdominal obesity, sport participation, sleep‐ and screen‐time.ResultsBody size, form and composition were correlated with children's physical wellbeing. However, sex differences were found in which parameters were associated with wellbeing. Among boys, the body mass index, waist circumference, waist‐to‐height ratio, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold were most correlated with wellbeing, while waist circumference and subscapular skinfold showed the strongest correlations for girls. Sleep duration and sport participation revealed a significant relationship with girls' HRQoL. A logistic regression analysis (adjusted for parental education) revealed that boys scoring 4 or 5 in the healthier index had an increased likelihood of high HRQoL level compared to those fulfilling none.ConclusionsFuture programs aimed at reducing obesity, particularly central obesity, and incorporating multiple health indicators and behaviors, such as sport participation and sleep duration may help improve children's health and wellbeing.
Well‐Defined Binuclear Co(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, Characterizations and Catalytic Applications in Cyanosilylation of Various Aldehydes under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Filkale Adelew Estifanos , Gangwar Manoj Kumar , Butcher Ray 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTwo well‐defined novel binuclear cobalt (II) [Co(H2L1)]2 and [Co(H2L2)]2 compounds are presented. Binuclear cobalt (II) complexes (1–2) containing 1,1′‐binaphthyl derived tetradentate (N2O2) donor ligands H2L1 and H2L2, namely 3,3‐bis[((2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imino)methyl]‐[1,1′‐binaphthalene‐2,2′‐dioxodicobalt(II) and 3,3′‐bis‐[((2,6‐diethyl‐phenyl)imino)‐ethyl]‐[1,1′]‐binaphtyl‐2,2′‐dioxocobalt(II) complexes were synthesized and isolated for the first time. Various spectroscopic techniques, including UV‐visible spectra, magnetic susceptibility, cyclic voltammetry, elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction were used to structurally characterize these binuclear cobalt(II) complexes. The binuclear cobalt (II) [Co(H2L1)]2 and [Co(H2L2)]2 complexes (1–2) demonstrated excellent catalytic activity in the cyanosilylation reaction of various aryl aldehydes to value‐added cyanohydrins at room temperature under solvent‐free conditions.
Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Chiral Au13 Clusters Stabilized by Enantiopure Monodentate NHC Ligands
Authors: Luo Peng , Zhai Xue‐Jing , Bai Sha , Si Yu‐Bing , Dong Xi‐Yan , Han Ying‐Feng , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChiral Au nanoclusters have promising application prospects in chiral sensing, asymmetric catalysis, and chiroptics. However, enantiopure superatomic homogold clusters with crystallographic structures emitting bright circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) remain challenging. In this study, we designed chiral N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), and for the first time enantioselectively synthesized a pair of monovalent cationic superatomic Au13 clusters. This new enantiomeric pair of clusters has a quasi‐C2 symmetric core and exhibited CPL with an unprecedent solution‐state quantum yield (QY) of 61 % among those of the atomically precise Au nanoclusters. DFT calculations provided insights into the circular dichroism behavior, and revealed the origin of CPL from superatomic Au clusters. This work opens a new avenue for developing novel homochiral nanoclusters using chiral NHC ligands and provides fundamental understanding of the origin of the chiroptics of metal clusters.
Dopant‐Induced Electronic States Regulation Boosting Electroreduction of Dilute Nitrate to Ammonium
Authors: Zhang Lu‐Hua , Jia Yangting , Zhan Jiayu , Liu Guomeng , Liu Guanhua , Li Fei , Yu Fengshou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrochemically converting NO3− into NH3 offers a promising route for water treatment. Nevertheless, electroreduction of dilute NO3− is still suffering from low activity and/or selectivity. Herein, B as a modifier was introduced to tune electronic states of Cu and further regulate the performance of electrochemical NO3− reduction reaction (NO3RR) with dilute NO3− concentration (≤100 ppm NO3−−N). Notably, a linear relationship was established by plotting NH3 yield vs. the oxidation state of Cu, indicating that the increase of Cu+ content leads to an enhanced NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion activity. Under a low NO3−−N concentration of 100 ppm, the optimal Cu(B) catalyst displays a 100 % NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion at −0.55 to −0.6 V vs. RHE, and a record‐high NH3 yield of 309 mmol h−1 gcat−1, which is more than 25 times compared with the pristine Cu nanoparticles (12 mmol h−1 gcat−1). This research provides an effective method for conversion of dilute NO3− to NH3, which has certain guiding significance for the efficient and green conversion of wastewater in the future.
Chain‐like [Sx] (x=2–6) Units Realizing Giant Birefringence with Transparency in the Near‐Infrared for Optoelectronic Materials
Authors: Li Guangmao , Yang Zhihua , Hou Xueling , Pan Shilie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBirefringent crystals are requisite optical devices in laser and modern opto‐electronic fields. Development of excellent birefringent materials is still challenging. Herein, the linear or chain‐like [Sx] (x=2–6) species were theoretically proved to be the origin of the large birefringence, and could be regarded as birefringent genes. Besides, the metal polysulfide family was first proposed to be rich birefringent materials source, among which Cs2S6 realizes giant birefringence 0.58@1064 nm together with a wide band gap of 1.70 eV (based on the generalized gradient approximation). Moreover, the first dual‐anion group polysulfide Na4Ba3(S2)4S3 was obtained, showing wide infrared transmission range (0.5–6.2 μm), wide band gap (2.3 eV), and large birefringence (0.37 at 1064 nm). This work provides a new guiding thought for exploring large birefringence crystals in the future.