bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Check your privilege’ in discriminatiezaken
Authors: Buruma T.M.D. (Tamara) , Dölle F.T.C. (Frederieke) 
Published: September 2023

‘Check your privilege’ in discriminatiezaken; in hoeverre speelt het behoren tot een meerderheids- of minderheidsgroep een rol bij de vervolging van discriminatiedelicten?
In deze bijdrage onderzoeken de auteurs in hoeverre het feit dat een uitlating tot een minderheidsgroep – of juist tot een meerderheidsgroep – gericht is, een rol speelt bij de vervolging van discriminatiedelicten. Staat de rechter specifiek stil bij de omvang van de groep waartoe het slachtoffer behoort? Kan er sprake zijn van discriminatie als de verdachte zich richt tegen een meerderheid die een dominante stem heeft in het maatschappelijk debat? En zo ja, is vervolging ook in die gevallen wenselijk?
The reforms of Spanish law on legal capacity and supported decision-making for persons with disabilities
Authors: Ribot Igualada Jordi 
Published: September 2023

The reforms of Spanish law on legal capacity and supported decision-making for persons with disabilities
This article provides an updated account of the reforms introduced in Spanish adult protection laws to comply with Article 12 CRPD. It examines the new legal framework for supporting and protecting adults with disabilities resulting from the entry into force of Act 8/2021 of 2 June. In addition to commenting on the most relevant statutory rules, it furnishes information about case law developments and the impact of reforms on the legal situation of persons with intellectual or psychosocial disabilities or mental health disorders.
Estudo do desempenho das empresas ganhadoras de Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade (PNQ)
Authors: Oliveira Maria do Carmo , Rosini Alessandro Marco , Da Silva Orlando Roque , Roble Gilmara Lima de Elua 
Published: September 2023

Estuda o desempenho das empresas ganhadoras do Prêmio Nacional da Qualidade (PNQ) no cenário da Governança Corporativa, da utilização das boas práticas, da implementação da gestão de risco e do alinhamento das decisões e processos aos princípios de transparência, equidade, prestação de contas e responsabilidade corporativa. Trata-se de um estudo misto, qualitativo-quantitativo aplicado em empresas ganhadoras do PNQ. Avalia os estudos existentes do desempenho econômico e financeiro das organizaçoes, e verifica os resultados anteriores e posteriores à premiação. O resultado da pesquisa mostrou que as empresas do PNQ estão dentro das fronteiras de eficiência traçadas pela ferramenta de análise de dados Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), e que o PNQ está em alinhamento com os princípios da governança. A principal contribuição do estudo é a desmistificação de que os prêmios de qualidade são referências apenas mercadológicas.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Bagian Produksi PT Karya Sekawan
Authors: Mochamad Rifan Nurhidayat  , H. Cece Rakhmat  , Arga Sutrisna  
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effect simultaneously and partially of Organizational Culture, Comunication, Employee Perfomance in PT Karya Sekawan Tasikmalaya City. The method used in this research is method a survey. The research data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 92 respondents. Data analysis in this study used multiple regression analysis using SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that the Organizational Culture, Comunicatio simultaneously have a significant effect on Employee Perfomance. Organizational Culture partially significant effect Employee Perfomance. Comunication has a significant effect on Employee Perfomance.
การพัฒนาระบบบริหารโรงเรียนตามแนวคิดการเสริมสร้างค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติ
Authors:   , อังกุรัตน์ วรพล 
Published: September 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาองค์ประกอบของค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติ
2) ศึกษาสภาพปัจจุบันและสภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของระบบบริหารโรงเรียนตามแนวคิดการเสริมสร้างค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติ 3) พัฒนาระบบบริหารโรงเรียนตามแนวทางการเสริมสร้างค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติ ใช้การวิจัยเชิงพรรณนา (Descriptive Research) ประชากรจำนวน 396 โรงเรียน ผู้ให้ข้อมูลประกอบด้วย ผู้อำนวยการสถานศึกษา ครูหัวหน้ากลุ่มสาระฯ ครู เครื่องมือที่ใช้คือ แบบสอบถาม แนวทางการสัมภาษณ์ แบบสำรวจค่านิยม การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงบรรยาย และ ค่าความต้องการจำเป็น (PNI)

ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) ค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติแบ่งออกเป็น 2 ด้าน (1) ค่านิยมที่เป็นจุดหมายปลายทาง ประกอบด้วย ความภาคภูมิใจในตนเอง ความสำเร็จในชีวิต การมีชีวิตที่สบายพอควรตามหลักเศรษฐกิจพอเพียง ความเสมอภาค ความสงบสุขทางใจ การมีหลักธรรมทางศาสนา ความมั่นคงของชาติ การมีมิตรที่ดี ความรักอิสระเสรี การช่วยเหลือผู้อื่น และ (2) ค่านิยมที่เป็นเครื่องมือ ประกอบด้วย ความซื่อสัตย์ ความรับผิดชอบ ความกตัญญูรู้คุณ การปรับตัวเข้ากับโอกาสจังหวะและสิ่งแวดล้อม การรักษาน้ำใจกัน การบังคับตนเอง ความมีเมตตา ความสุภาพ ความเป็นตัวของตัวเอง การมีความสามารถสูง 2) ค่าเฉลี่ยของสภาพที่พึงประสงค์ของระบบบริหารโรงเรียนตามแนวคิดการเสริมสร้างค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติสูงกว่าสภาพปัจจุบันทุกด้าน ค่าถัวเฉลี่ยของความต้องการจำเป็นของค่านิยมที่เป็นเครื่องมือสูงกว่าค่านิยมที่เป็นจุดหมายปลายทาง และค่าความต้องการจำเป็นของกลุ่มการนำองค์การอยู่ในระดับสูงที่สุด 3) ระบบบริหารโรงเรียนตามแนวคิดการเสริมสร้างค่านิยมที่พึงประสงค์ของชาติคือ “ระบบบริหารโรงเรียนมุ่งเน้นการนำองค์การเพื่อเสริมสร้างค่านิยมที่เป็นเครื่องมือ”
Lithiation of heteroaromatic rings: analogy to electrophilic substitution?
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

Functionalisation of a (hetero)aromatic ring by selectively (directedly) removing protons using the metal lithium is a relative mechanistic newcomer, compared to the pantheon of knowledge on aromatic electrophilic substitution. Investigating the mechanism using quantum calculations poses some interesting challenges, ones I have not previously discussed on this blog.
The π-complex theory of metal-alkene compounds.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

The period 1951–1954 was a golden one for structural chemistry; proteins, DNA, Ferrocene (1952) and the one I discuss here, a bonding model for Zeise’s salt (
<strong>
3
</strong>
). In “A review of π Complex Theory”,
<em>
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr.
</em>
,
<strong>
1951
</strong>
, 1 8 , C79 (it is not online) M. J. S. Dewar sets out his theory of the role of π-complexes in (mostly) organic chemistry.
Secrets of a university lecturer: 1981-1983.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

Many moons ago, when I was a young(ish) lecturer, and much closer in time to my laboratory roots of organic synthesis, I made some chemistry videos. One of these has resurfaced, somewhat (to me at least) unexpectedly. Nowadays of course, such demonstrations are all carried out using virtual simulations (Flash animations etc) as the equipment itself becomes less common.
Aromaticity in the benzidine-like π-complex formed from PhNHOPh.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

The transient π-complex formed during the “[5,5]” sigmatropic rearrangement of protonated N,O-diphenyl hydroxylamine can be (formally) represented as below, namely the interaction of a six-π-electron aromatic ring (the phenoxide anion
<strong>
2
</strong>
) with a four-π-electron phenyl dication-anion pair
<strong>
1
</strong>
. Can one analyse this interaction in terms of aromaticity?
The mechanism of the Birch reduction. Part 2: a transition state model.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

I promised that the follow-up to on the topic of Birch reduction would focus on the proton transfer reaction between the radical anion of anisole and a proton source, as part of analysing whether the mechanistic pathway proceeds
<strong>
O
</strong>
or
<strong>
M
</strong>
. To add some context, Hammond’s postulate [cite]10.1021/ja01607a027[/cite] states that “
<em>
the structure of a transition state resembles that of the species nearest
</em>
150,000,000 DFT calculations on 2,300,000 compounds!
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

The title of this post summarises the contents of a new molecular database: www.molecularspace.org[cite]10.1021/jz200866s[/cite] and I picked up on it by following the post by Jan Jensen at www.compchemhighlights.org (a wonderful overlay journal that tracks recent interesting articles). The molecularspace project more formally is called “
<em>
The Harvard Clean Energy Project: Large-scale computational screening and design of organic
</em>
Au and Pt π-complexes of cyclobutadiene.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

In the preceding post, I introduced Dewar’s π-complex theory for alkene-metal compounds, outlining the molecular orbital analysis he presented, in which the filled π-MO of the alkene donates into a Ag
<sup>
+
</sup>
empty metal orbital and back-donation occurs from a filled metal orbital into the alkene π* MO. Here I play a little “what if” game with this scenario to see what one can learn from doing so. Firstly, I will use
Intermediates in oxime formation from hydroxylamine and propanone: now you see them, now you don’t.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

A recent theme here has been to subject to scrutiny well-known mechanisms supposedly involving intermediates. These transients can often involve the creation/annihilation of charge separation resulting from proton transfers, something that a cyclic mechanism can avoid. Here I revisit the formation of an oxime from hydroxylamine and propanone, but with one change.
Mechanical Properties of Concrete Contained Recycled PVC Additives
Authors: Dawood Abbas , Adnan Hamsa Mahir 
Published: September 2023

This research is studied the possibility of reusing PVC pipes wastes as partial replacement of sand within concrete mixture. In this study, the fine aggregate is replaced with PVC at dosages 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75% and 5% by weight of sand with superplasticizer (SP) admixture. The mechanical properties are evaluated, which included compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength, in which for each one, 60 specimens are tested for water to cement ratios 0.41 and 0.53. Also, the effect of these wastes on the strengths and serviceability of concrete beams are investigated by testing three simply supported reinforced concrete beams of dimensions 150×200×1400 mm. It is concluded that w/c ratio of 41% of the replacement of fine aggregates with 1.25% PVC particles showed the optimum results for compressive, tensile and flexural strengths, namely 31.66 %, 6.45%, and 31.23%, respectively, more than control mixture. The beam specimen that contain on 1.25% of PVC particles showed an increase in ultimate load by about 6.06% compared to the reference beam. While the hybrid cross section beam showed a relatively small reduction in ultimate load compared to reference beam, i.e, 14.5%. Thus with hybrid sections considerable amount of plastic wastes could be recycled with relatively small reduction in ultimate capacity of beams.
An Application of K-Nearest-Neighbor Regression in Maize Yield Prediction
Authors: Sitienei Miriam , Otieno Argwings , Anapapa Ayubu 
Published: September 2023

Predictive analytics utilizes historical data and knowledge to predict future outcomes and provides a method for evaluating the accuracy and reliability of these forecasts. Artificial Intelligence is a tool of predictive analytics. AI trains computers to learn human behaviors like learning, judgment, and decision-making while simulating intelligent human behavior using computers and has received a lot of attention in almost all areas of research. Machine learning is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that has been used to solve classification and regression problems. Machine learning advancements have aided in boosting agricultural gains. Yield prediction is one of the agricultural sectors that has embraced machine learning. K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Regression is a regression algorithm used in machine learning for prediction tasks. KNN Regression is like KNN Classification, except that KNN Regression predicts a constant output value for a given input instead of predicting a class label. The basic idea behind KNN Regression is to find the K nearest neighbors to a given input data point based on a distance metric and then use the average (or weighted average) of the output values of these K neighbors as the predicted output for the input data point. The distance metric used in KNN Regression can vary depending on the data type being analyzed, but common distance metrics include Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, and Minkowski distance. This paper presents the application of KNN regression in maize yield prediction in Uasin Gishu county, in north rift region of Kenya. Questionnaires were distributed to 900 randomly selected maize farmers across the thirty wards to obtain primary data. With a Train Test split ration of 80:20, KNN regression algorithm was able to predict maize yield and its prediction performance was evaluated using Root Mean Squared error-RMSE=0.4948, Mean Squared Error-MSE =0.2803, Mean Absolute Error-MAE = 0.4591 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error-MAPE = 36.17. According to the study findings, the algorithm was able to predict maize yield in the maize producing county.
Spending on and Use of Clinician-Administered Drugs in Medicare
Authors: Hyland Megan F. , Sachs Rebecca M. , Robillard Lara , Hayford Tamara B. , Bai Ge 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceMedicare Part B drug expenditures have increased in recent years. This trend is likely to persist given the increased use and availability of biologics.ObjectivesTo assess the extent to which Medicare Part B spending growth was associated with changes in price vs quantity, and how these trends interacted with entry of new drugs into the marketplace.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study quantified the degree of spending concentration and the association between price and use of Part B drugs among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries. Data on use and spending for separately payable Part B drugs were included. Source data were aggregated to the drug-year level and reported from 2016 to 2020. Descriptive decomposition and index analyses quantified the relative association of price and use changes separately for existing single-source drugs, existing drugs that faced competition, and new drugs that entered the market. Data analysis was performed from June to December 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPart B drug spending by the fee-for-service Medicare program and beneficiaries, as well as use, defined as dosage units and beneficiaries using the drugs.ResultsThe study included 535 unique Part B drug products. From 2016 to 2020, 15 or fewer products comprised half of all Part B drug expenditures. The set of 7 drugs that comprised the top 25% of spending was very consistent over time, and all were biologics. Part B drug products that cost $1.85 or less per administration accounted for more than half of the doses administered in 2020. Spending on Part B drugs increased by $15 billion from 2016 to 2020. The entry of new, nonbiosimilar drugs during this period accounted for $12 billion of this increased spending (80%), while shifts in use and price increases among existing single-source brand drugs accounted for the remaining increase in spending. Part B spending decreased among the subset of existing drugs facing generic or biosimilar competition. Among single-source drugs on the market in 2016, the index that varied dosage units exceeded the index that varied price in all years, confirming that changes in use were associated more with spending growth for those drugs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of Medicare Part B drug expenditures, spending was found to be concentrated among a small number of drugs. The entry of new products was a key factor associated with recent increases in Part B drug spending. These findings suggest that policies targeting top-selling drugs may have greater potential to curb Part B drug spending than those targeting price growth.
Risk for Suicidal Behavior After Psychiatric Hospitalization Among Sexual and Gender Minority Patients
Authors: Thoma Brian C. , Hone Emily , Roig Alyssa , Goodfriend Elijah , Jardas EJ , Brummitt Bradley , Riston Sarah , Sakolsky Dara , Zelazny Jamie , Marsland Anna L. , Chen Kehui , Douaihy Antoine B. , Brent David A. , Melhem Nadine M. 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceThe months following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization are a period of high risk for suicidal behavior. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals have elevated risk for suicidal behavior, but no prior research has examined whether SGM inpatients have disproportionate risk for suicidal behavior following discharge from psychiatric hospitalization.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether SGM patients have elevated risk for suicidal behavior following discharge from psychiatric hospitalization compared with heterosexual and cisgender patients and to examine whether differences in risk across groups were accounted for by demographic characteristics and clinical factors known to be associated with suicidal behavior.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study was conducted from August 2017 to July 2021 among inpatients aged 18 to 30 years who were voluntarily enrolled during psychiatric hospitalization. The study was conducted at an inpatient psychiatric hospital, with prospective data collected via follow-up visits and electronic health records.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOnset and/or recurrence of suicidal behavior following discharge from psychiatric hospitalization, assessed at follow-up visits and through electronic health records.ResultsA total of 160 patients were included, with 56 sexual minority (SM) and 15 gender minority (GM) patients. The median (IQR) age of the patients was 23.5 (20.4-27.6) years, 77 (48%) reported male sex assigned at birth, and 114 (71%) identified their race as White. During the follow-up period, 33 suicidal behavior events occurred (among 21% of patients). SM (hazard ratio [HR], 2.02; 95% CI, CI, 1.02-4.00; log-rank P = .04) and GM (HR, 4.27; 95% CI, 1.75-10.40; log-rank P &amp;lt; .001) patients had significantly higher risk for suicidal behavior compared with their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts, respectively, in bivariable analyses. Risk between SM and heterosexual patients was not different after controlling for demographic characteristics and clinical factors associated with suicidal behavior. GM patients exhibited elevated risk during the 100 days following discharge even after controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics (HR, 3.80; 95% CI, 1.18-11.19; P = .03).Conclusions and RelevanceWithin this cohort study of psychiatric patients, SGM patients had higher risk for suicidal behavior than non-SGM patients following discharge. While SM patients’ risk was accounted for by clinical characteristics, GM patients’ risk for suicidal behavior was not accounted for by their acute psychiatric state on admission. Future studies with larger subsamples of GM individuals are needed, and inpatient clinicians must attend to the unique needs of SGM individuals to ensure they receive affirming services.
3D Printing of Liquid‐Metal‐in‐Ceramic Metamaterials for High‐Efficient Microwave Absorption
Authors: Xing Ruizhe , Xu Guoxuan , Qu Ning , Zhou Rui , Yang Jiayi , Kong Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work reports a gallium indium alloy (EGaIn)‐doped SiBOC ceramic that possesses a unique liquid‐metal‐in‐ceramic feature. The low‐viscosity liquid nature of gallium‐based liquid metals (Ga‐LMs) and the reactive core‐shell structure provide possibilities for phase engineering inside polymer‐derived ceramics. As a demonstration, EGaIn nanoparticles (NPs) are directly mixed with a UV‐curable ceramic precursor (UV‐PBS) to obtain a resin suitable for digital light processing 3D‐printing. After pyrolysis at 800–1200 °C, SiBOC ceramics with uniformly distributed EGaIn NP domains (Si(GaIn)BOC) are obtained. EGaIn plays a key role in promoting carbonization and preventing crack formation during the polymer‐to‐ceramic process, resulting in an increase in both ceramic yield and mechanical strength. EGaIn NPs are also found to have a core‐shell structure (EGaIn@(GaxIn1‐x)2O3@SiBOC) inside the SiBOC matrix, which significantly enhances the dielectric properties and improves the interfacial polarization. As a result, an excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance is achieved across the C, X, and Ku bands, respectively. Through rational design, a novel metastructure design based on the Schwarz P minimal surface is proposed, which exhibits an ultrawide effective absorption band extending up to 11.36 GHz (within C‐Ku bands).
Neuroprotective Effects of Microglial Membrane‐Derived Biomimetic Particles for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Li Shang , Li Haiyan , Guo Peilin , Lyu Chengliang , Ye Peng , Yang Weiqiang , Wang Jinghui , Yu Dingle , Lu Guihong , Tan Hui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses caused by secondary injury following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is an attractive strategy in treating traumatic SCI. However, the efficacy of drugs is severely limited owing to the poor penetration of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB). Here, inspired by cell chemotaxis and related chemokines production at the lesion sites of SCI, the microglial membrane is selected to construct a drug delivery system with the ability to cross the BSCB and target the lesions. PR@MM is prepared based on the assembly of polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) and resveratrol (RSV) followed by microglial membrane (MM) coating. Compared to that of the uncoated nanoparticles, the enrichment of PR@MM at the lesion sites of SCI increases, which is beneficial to achieve lesion targeting of RSV and exert therapeutic functions. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that PR@MM has the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species and anti‐inflammatory effects, which ultimately promotes the recovery of locomotory function after SCI. Therefore, this microglial membrane‐based drug delivery system provides a promising biomimetic nanomedicine for targeted therapy for SCI.
A Self‐Powered UV Photodetector With Ultrahigh Responsivity Based on 2D Perovskite Ferroelectric Films With Mixed Spacer Cations
Authors: Guo Linjuan , Qi Yaqian , Wu Zihao , Yang Xiaoran , Yan Guoying , Cong Ridong , Zhao Lei , Zhang Wei , Wang Shufang , Pan Caofeng , Yang Zheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSelf‐powered photodetectors (PDs) have the advantages of no external power requirement, wireless operation, and long life. Spontaneous ferroelectric polarizations can significantly increase built‐in electric field intensity, showing great potential in self‐powered photodetection. Moreover, ferroelectrics possess pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties, beneficial for enhancing self‐powered PDs. 2D metal halide perovskites (MHPs), which have ferroelectric properties, are suitable for fabricating high‐performance self‐powered PDs. However, the research on 2D metal halide perovskites ferroelectrics focuses on growing bulk crystals. Herein, 2D ferroelectric perovskite films with mixed spacer cations for self‐powered PDs are demonstrated by mixing Ruddlesden–Popper (RP)‐type and Dion–Jacobson (DJ)‐type perovskite. The (BDA0.7(BA2)0.3)(EA)2Pb3Br10 film possesses, overall, the best film qualities with the best crystalline quality, lowest trap density, good phase purity, and obvious ferroelectricity. Based on the ferro–pyro–phototronic effect, the PD at 360 nm exhibits excellent photoelectric properties, with an ultrahigh peak responsivity greater than 93 A W−1 and a detectivity of 2.5 × 1015 Jones, together with excellent reproducibility and stability. The maximum responsivities can be modulated by piezo–phototronic effect with an effective enhancement ratio of 480%. This work will open up a new route of designing MHP ferroelectric films for high‐performance PDs and offers the opportunity to utilize it for various optoelectronics applications.