bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing anthropogenic impact on Ibanda-Makera natural forest in Kirehe district
Authors: Kalinda Mory Vital , Ndokoye Pancras , Ndagijimana Onesphole 
Published: May 2023

Human pressure from farming activities on marginal lands, and on forest reserves in particular, have resulted in the loss of the large number of hectares of natural forests. This problem also occurred on Ibanda-Makera natural forest locating in Kirehe District, Eastern Province of Rwanda. In this study, we study anthropogenic impact on Ibanda-Makera natural forest. The identification of anthropogenic activities affecting Ibanda-Makera natural forest was done; their impacts on forest was analyzed; and the level of degradation in terms of forest cover of Ibanda-Makera was determined. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data from a sample of 97 individuals in the target population of 3,330 people. Data were collected using questionnaire, interview guide techniques and documentation. Through SPSS analysis, Pearson correlation between anthropogenic activities and forest degradation, the results showed that people have an understanding on factors leading to the forest degradation and that land use activities surround the Ibanda-Makera area were not in way of protecting forest as priority. Change detection from analysis of 2012, 2017 and 2022 images under supervised classification using remote sensing data of Ibanda-Makera natural forest, showed spatial variation where degradation is high between 2012 to 2017 and low between 2017 to 2022 expressing that between 2017 to 2022 under some environmental guidelines the damaged area moved to the restoration mechanisms. The recommendation to government, regular monitoring of forest boundaries to prevent potential damages that may occur on the forest and set a local system of protection.
Partisipasi Politik Organisasi Karang Taruna dalam Pembangunan Infrastruktur Desa
Authors: Agustina Ananda , Izomiddin Izomiddin , Apriani Reni 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini berjudul Partisipasi Politik Organisasi Kepemudaan Karang Taruna Desa Gunung Agung Kecamatan Merapi Barat Kabupten Lahat Dalam Pembangunan Desa. Ketidakaktifan sebagian anggota karang taruna dalam hal pembangunan desa dilihat dari tiga hal yakni Pertama, aktivitas politik merupakan ancaman terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupannya. Setiap keputusan pasti ada biaya atau resikonya. Kedua, aktivitas politik dipandang sebagai suatu kerja yang sia-sia. Ketiga, ketiadaan faktor untuk "memacu diri untuk bertindak" Atau disebut juga sebagai "perangsang politik". Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui kenapa bisa terjadi ketidakaktifan partisipasi politik oleh anggota karang taruna dalam pembangunan desa serta pemberian solusi atas ketidakaktifan tersebut. Adapun metode yang dipakai yakni pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini berjumlah 50 orang serta teori yang digunakan ialah teori partisipasi politik yang dikemukakan oleh Morris Rossenberg dan Rush serta Altof. Hasil penelitian ini membahas faktor yang menyebabkan ketidakaktifan organisasi kepemudaan karang taruna dalam melakukan partisipasi politik terhadap pembangunan desa yakni seperti dianggap sebuah ancaman, aktivitas yang sia-sia, serta tidak adanya untuk memotivasi diri, upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa dalam meningkatkan partisipasi politik pemuda ialah dengan seminar-seminar yang bertemakan pendidikan politik, serta menjalin kerja sama dengan pihak swasta dalam pemenuhan fasilitas.

Kata kunci: Partisipasi politik, Karang Taruna, Pembangunan Desa.
Aspek Medikolegal Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja Sektor Pertanian di Kawasan Asia Tenggara
Authors: Jauhani Muhammad Afiful , Latiefah Noer Widiastuti  , Muhammad Naufal Hibatullah  , Samuel  Hendrik Marpaung  
Published: May 2023

Pertanian merupakan sektor yang penting dalam membangun ekonomi negara-negara di Kawasan Asia Tenggara. Kecelakaan kerja dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja (PAK) merupakan permasalahan tak terkecuali pada sektor pertanian. Pekerja pada sektor pertanian memiliki risiko mengalami kecelakaan kerja dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja (PAK) karena dalam melakukan pekerjaannya tidak terlepas dari paparan bahan kimia atau sinar matahari, bekerja dengan mesin, melakukan pekerjaan berulang dan mengangkat beban berat.. Peraturan perundangan terkait Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja pada sektor pertanian merupakan salah satu instrumen penting dalam pencegahan masalah kecelakaan kerja dan Penyakit Akibat Kerja (PAK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan komparasi aspek medikolegal kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja pada sektor pertanian di kawasan asia tenggara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa Undang – Undang tentang Keselamatan Kerja di Indonesia merupakan yang paling tua, karena belum pernah mengalami perubahan sejak disahkan pada tahuin 1970. Pekerja pada sektor pertanian yang sebagian besar merupakan tenaga kerja informal, perlu mendapat perhatian dengan dibuatnya regulasi yang mengatur Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja di bidang pertanian untuk semakin meminimalkan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja karena regulasi terkait hal tersebut di Indonesia saat ini masih sangat minimal.
MITIGASI RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN KREDIT USAHA RAKYAT (KUR) DI BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA (BSI) KANTOR CABANG PEMBANTU (KCP) JOMBANG PLOSO DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PEMBIAYAAN YANG SEHAT
Authors: Muhammad Miftahul Huda  , Ratna Yunita  
Published: May 2023

Abstract: As an effort to minimize the existence of problematic KUR financing, Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP implements risk mitigation. However, in implementing risk mitigation, KUR financing has not been effective, as evidenced by the existence of problematic financing in the KUR financing. The purpose of the study was to determine risk mitigation during the KUR financing procedure, to find out the mitigation of the causes of problematic KUR financing, and the solutions taken in dealing with problematic KUR financing. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection through interviews and observations. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the risk mitigation of KUR financing procedures carried out by Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Jombang Ploso was in the form of rating methods, financing portfolio management, collateral, cash flow monitoring, recovery management and insurance. Mitigation of risks to the causes of financing problems by training micro staff and providing rescheduling options. Meanwhile, the solution taken by Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Jombang Ploso for KUR financing is problematic with rescheduling and execution.
Keywords: Risk Mitigation, People's Business Credit, Financing Risk.

Abstrak: Sebagai upaya dalam meminamilisir adanya pembiayaan KUR bermasalah, Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP melakukan penerapan mitigasi risiko. Tetapi, dalam melakukan penerapan mitigasi risiko pembiayaan KUR belum efektif, dibuktikan dengan adanya pembiayaan yang bermasalah pada pembiayaan KUR tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui mitigasi risiko pada saat prosedur pembiayaan KUR, mengetahui mitigasi terhadap penyebab pembiayaan KUR bermasalah, dan solusi yang diambil dalam menangani pembiayaan KUR yang bermasalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa mitigasi risiko terhadap prosedur pembiayaan KUR yang dilakukan oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Jombang Ploso berupa metode pemeringkatan, manajemen portofolio pembiayaan, agunan, pengawasan arus kas, manajemen pemulihan dan asuransi. Mitigasi risiko terhadap penyebab pembiayaan bermasalah dengan pelatihan micro staff dan pemberian opsi rescheduling. Sedangkan solusi yang diambil oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Jombang Ploso terhadap pembiayaan KUR yang bermasalah dengan rescheduling dan eksekusi.
Kata Kunci: Mitigasi Risiko, Kredit Usaha Rakyat, Resiko Pembiayaan.
Efektivitas Pendistribusian Zakat, Infaq, dan Shadaqah pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di BAZNAS Kabupaten Ngawi
Authors: Kahfi Rayyan Ashhabul , Futaqi Faruq Ahmad 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to find out how the mechanism for distributing zakat infaq and shadaqah and the obstacles during the Covid-19 pandemic in Baznas Ngawi district. The type of research used by the researcher is field research using a qualitative approach. The data used are primary and secondary data by collecting observation data, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are in the distribution of BAZNAS Ngawi Regency more towards consumptive Constraints faced by the Ngawi Regency BAZNAS institution, namely there are many overlapping points in the distribution of assistance to the community. The effectiveness of BAZNAS in Ngawi Regency is quite good or effective, although there are still shortcomings from BAZNAS because the time for giving Zakat, Infaq and Shadaqah funds does not go directly to the community but is only entrusted to the management who asks for help.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme pendistribusian zakat infaq dan shadaqah dan kendala di masa pandemi Covid-19 di Baznas kabupaten Ngawi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan sekuknder dengan cara mengumpulkan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dalam pendistribusian BAZNAS Kabupaten Ngawi lebih kearah konsumtif Kendala yang di hadapi oleh lembaga BAZNAS Kabupaten Ngawi yaitu banyak terjadi tumpang titik dalam penyaluran bantuan ke masyarakat. Efektivitas BAZNAS Kabupaten Ngawi sudah cukup baik atau efektif walaupun masih ada kekurangan dari pihak BAZNAS karena waktu pemberian bantuan dana Zakat, Infaq dan Shadaqah tidak terjun secara langsung ke masyarakat melainkan hanya dititipkan kepada pengurus yang meminta bantuan.
Analisis Pengelolaan Infak melalui Keterbukaan Informasi pada Mushola Al Barokah Desa Sirnoboyo, Kecamatan Pacitan, Kabupaten Pacitan
Authors: Aji Rangga Ilham Pangestu , Damanuri Aji 
Published: May 2023

Pengelolaan infak di Indonesia seiring perkembangan teknologi informasi ikut mengalami perubahan dalam pengelolaanya yang semula dilakukan secara tradisional mulai merambah menggunakan bantuan teknologi didalam pengelolaanya seperti yang telah dilakukan mushola Al Barokah dalam pengelolaannya infak dilakukan secara terbuka dengan memanfaatkan media teknologi dan informasi. Kendala yang dihadapi pengelola Infak dalam menumbuhkan minat dan motivasi di antaranya minat masyarakat untuk Infak masih rendah karena dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pendapatan yang masih rendah, program Infak yang kurang menarik, pemahaman masyarakat tentang zakat hanya sebatas zakat fitrah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengelolaan Infak Melalui Keterbukaan Informasi Pada Mushola Al Barokah Desa Sirnoboyo Kecamatan Pacitan Kabupaten Pacitan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif permasalahan berkenaan dengan proses pengelolaan Infak menggunakan bantuan teknologi informasi dengan sumber data sebanyak tiga orang narasumber memlalui metode wawancara dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pengelolaan keuangan sudah berjalan dengan baik, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya peran aktif jamaah secara langsung dalam kegiatan mushola, namun penggunaan media sosial dan webside baik itu untuk pelaporan keuangan maupun program-program mushola jarang di perbarui terkait pelaporannya karena kurangnya SDM yang mampu mengelolanya.
Preliminary Protocol for Measuring the Reproducibility and Accuracy of Flow values on Digital PET/CT Systems in [15O]H2O Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using a Flow Phantom
Authors: Siekkinen Reetta , Partanen Heidi , Kukola Linda , Tolvanen Tuula , Fenwick Andrew , Smith Nadia A. S. , Teräs Mika , Saraste Antti , Teuho Jarmo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Several factors may decrease the accuracy of quantitative PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). It is therefore essential to ensure that myocardial blood flow (MBF) values are reproducible and accurate, and to design systematic protocols for assessing this. Until now, no systematic phantom protocols have been available to assess the technical factors affecting measurement accuracy and reproducibility in MPI.
Materials and Methods:
We implemented a standard measurement protocol, which applies a flow phantom in order to compare image-derived flow values with respect to a ground truth flow value with [15O]H2O MPI performed on both a Discovery MI (DMI-20, GE Healthcare) and a Biograph Vision 600 (Vision-600, Siemens Healthineers) system. Both systems have automatic [15O]H2O radio water generators (Hidex Oy) individually installed, allowing us to also study the differences occurring due to two different bolus delivery systems. To investigate the technical factors contributing to the modelled flow values, we extracted the [15O]H2O bolus profiles, the flow values from the kinetic modeling (Qin and Qout), and finally calculated their differences between test-retest measurements on both systems.
Results:
The input time activity curves (TAC) showed dependency on the bolus injection curves. The measurements performed on the DMI-20 system produced Qin and Qout values equal to each other as well as to the reference flow value across all test-retest measurements. Also, all DMI-20 repeatability differences were below 15 %. The measurements performed on the Vision-600 system showed more variation between Qin and Qout values across test-retest measurements and exceeded the 15 % difference in half (6/12) of the measurements.
Conclusions:
This preliminary study proposes a protocol for measuring the accuracy and reproducibility of flow between different injector and PET systems. Our results suggest that flow values can be reproduced on DMI-20 or Vision-600 systems and with two different injector systems, with less than 15 % error. The most significant factor contributing to the variation was the injected bolus, which directly affects the phantom input TAC. In order to extend the protocol to a multi-center setting, a standardized and repeatable bolus injection protocol needs to be designed.
Biomonitoring PAH levels in domestic kitchens using commonly grown culinary herbs
Authors: Eck-Varanka Bettina , Hubai Katalin , Kováts Nora , Teke Gábor 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Cooking is a significant source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions in indoor environments. A biomonitoring study was carried out in previously selected rural Hungarian kitchens to evaluate cooking-related PAH concentrations in 4 common kitchen vegetables such as basil, parsley, rocket and chives. After 1 month exposure, PAH accumulation pattern in tested plants clearly indicated differences in cooking methods and cooking oils used in the selected households. Use of lard and animal fats in general resulted in the high concentrations of higher molecular weight (5- and 6-ring) PAHs, while olive oil usage could be associated with the emission of 2- and 3-ring PAHs. Culinary herbs, however, accumulated carcinogenic PAHs such as benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and chrysene which might question their safe use.
Association of N-nitrosodimethylamine exposure with cognitive impairment based on the clues of mice and humans
Authors: Liu Wei , Huang Jia , Yan Zhi , Lin Yankui , Huang Guanqin , Chen Xiao , Wang Zhou , Spencer Peter S. , Liu Jianjun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is an environmental and food contaminant, but limited data to concern whether NDMA has adverse effects on the brain. This study first determined the concentration of NDMA in foods from aquaculture markets in Shenzhen, then analyzed the effects on C57BL/6 mice and further evaluated on the urine samples of elderly Chinese residents with normal cognition (NC, n = 144), cognitive decline (CD, n = 116) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 123). The excessive rate of NDMA in foods was 3.32% (27/813), with a exceeding range of 4.78–131.00 µg/kg. Behavioral tests showed that 60 days treatment of mice with 3 mg/kg NDMA reduced cognitive performance. Cognitive impairment in human was significantly associated with sex, educational levels, length of residence in Shenzhen, household registration, passive smoking, rice, fresh vegetables, bacon products. NDMA was detected in 55.4% (212/383) of urine samples, with a median concentration of 0.23 µg/L (1.20×10− 7 µg/L to 157.39 µg/L). The median concentration for NC, CD and MCI were 0.32µg/L, 0.27µg/L, and 0µg/L, respectively. The urinary NDMA concentration had a strong negative correlation with cognitive impairment (Kendall's Tau-b= -0.89, P = 0.024). The median estimated daily intake (EDI) of NDMA was determined to be 6.63 ng/kg-bw/day. Taken together, there appears to be an association between NDMA and human and murine cognition, which provides a new clue to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Limb remote ischemic preconditioning on lung protection in patients with thoracoscopic lobectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Wenfu , Yang Juan , Zhong Saichun , Li Xiaoling , Yuan Liuqing , Zeng Mingwang , Yang Chao , Chen Jing , Zhang Chuanwu , Zhu Yunyan , Xie Haiyu , Zhong Maolin , Liang Weidong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
One-lung ventilation (OLV) is often used during lobectomy anesthesia. Inflammation and oxidative stress during OLV can aggravate lung tissue injury, which is an important factor causing postoperative acute lung injury. Studies have confirmed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can initiate endogenous protective mechanisms and alleviate injury to target organs. However, whether RIPC has a lung protective effect in patients undergoing lung resection remains unknown. Therefore, this randomized controlled clinical study investigated whether RIPC could reduce OLV-related lung injury, improve intraoperative oxygenation parameters, and induce lung protection in patients with thoracoscopic lobectomy.
Methods
We adopted a single-center, randomized, single-blind clinical controlled trial method and selected 54 patients who underwent inferior lobectomy with OLV and were randomly divided into a preconditioning group (RIPC group) and a blank control group (NC group). The preconditioning group received lower limb RIPC before OLV, while the blank NC group did not receive RIPC. RIPC was used to perform 5 cycles of 5 min ischemia /5 min reperfusion on the opposite lower limb via a limb ischemia preadaptor. Four time points after anesthesia induction (T0), 30 min after single-lung ventilation (T1), 90 min after single-lung ventilation (T2), and 30 min after double-lung ventilation restoration (T3) were used as the data-recording and blood-collection points. The main outcome measure was the oxygenation index (OI), while the secondary outcome measures included Clara cell secreted protein CC16, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), lung-related variables, and length of hospital stay.
Results
There was no significant difference in the OI in the RIPC group compared with the NC group at each time point of T0-T3 (P > 0.05), but in general, the OI value of of the RIPC group at the T1-T3 time points showed an increasing trend compared with that of the NC group. There were significant differences in plasma CC16 levels between T1-T3 (P < 0.05), and the plasma CC16 level in the RIPC group was significantly decreased. IL-6 and MDA levels at T1-T3 were lower than those in the NC group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in blood pH and pulmonary-related variables (respiratory index (RI), alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure (A-aDO2), and arterial-alveolar oxygen partial pressure (a/A ratio)) (P > 0.05), and the length of hospital stay was not significantly different (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
Remote limb ischemic preconditioning can reduce lung injury during lobectomy and can protect lung tissue mainly by reducing the inflammatory and oxidative-stress responses.
Metabolic risk factors of lung damage in coal miners caused by dust
Authors: Ibrayeva Lyazat , Shaukhat Diana , Bacheva Irina , Amanbekova Aigul , Rybalkina Dina , Lee Valentina , Abugalieva Tleuzhan , Beloussov Ivan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and aim
Finding metabolic risk factors for the development of lung damage in coal miners is one of the research priorities, as long as it can improve understanding of the pathogenesis of the target organs damage development due to occupational dust. Considering that the burden of occupational diseases is significant, there remains a need for these professions, and as there is no etiological treatment, the relevance of such studies is undeniable.
Methods
This research analyzed the intermediates of purine metabolism, RNA, DNA, OMP and acid soluble fractions in the blood plasma of coal miners, depending on the length of service in dusty conditions and the influence of all factors on combined outcomes (diseases).
Results
The median levels of guanine, adenine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid have a common significant trend with a decrease in median values of underground experience up to 3 years and an increase in the group of 5 or more years’ experience. During the underground experience from 3 to 5 years, the activity of xanthine oxidase increased, catalyzing the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid and then decreased. Statistically significant changes depending on the length of service were found for ASF and RNA.
Conclusions
According to logistic regression data, the underground experience of 7–10 years, RNA and xanthine had a statistically significant effect on the disease's development in coal miners. Longtime underground experience increases the chance of a coal miner developing a combined outcome by 8.6 times. The predictive capability of the presented model was 85.4%.
Mendelian Randomization Rules Out Causation Between Periodontitis and Hand Grip Strength
Authors: Yu Ling , Si Chao , Ye Surong , Xu Jingyu , Ye Zitong , Tang Qian , Yang Luyi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
Periodontitis (PD) has been linked to low hand grip strength in previous epidemiological observational studies; however, the results are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal association of PD with hand grip strength.
Methods:
We performed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using publicly released genome-wide association studies (GWAS) statistics. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis. We applied three complementary methods, including weighted median, MR-Egger regression and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) to detect and correct for the effect of horizontal pleiotropy. Due to multiple testing, associations with p values < .016 were considered as statistically significant, and p values ≥ .016 and < .05 were considered as suggestively significant. Besides, a multivariable MR (MVMR) design was carried to adjust for body mass index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well.
Results:
Generally, PD and one of subtypes-Aggressive Periodontitis (AgP) might not affect the risk of low hand grip strength (beta = 0.117 [-0.064, 0.298], beta = -0.018 [-0.042, 0.006]). However, genetically-elevated risk of Chronic Periodontitis (CP) might cause lower hand grip strength (beta = 0.035, p-value = 0.023) while turning insignificant at Bonferroni correction. Besides, no causal effect of hand grip strength on PD and CP was observed (OR = 0.987 [0.964, 1.009]). MVMR analysis also supported such null associations even after adjusting for BMI and T2D.
Conclusion:
This MR study ruled out the causal relationship between PD and hand grip strength, despite observational studies reporting an association between PD and hand grip strength.