bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Improved Parallel Feature Fusion - CBAM method for occluded pedestrian identification
Authors: Shaamili R. , Bevi A. Ruhan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Occluded pedestrian identification is a critical and challenging issue in the field of pedestrian detection. Currently, using pedestrian components or human approaches is the most popular way to get over the problem of occlusion in pedestrian recognition. Only a small portion of the body may be used for detection when there is severe occlusion from crowds, or human or pedestrian components. The viewable portions of the occluded pedestrian have a small scale, but the scales of the unobscured and occluded pedestrians in the same image are different. Improved Parallel Feature Fusion with CBAM (IPFF-CBAM) on Feature Pyramid Network is put forward that can integrate new feature data of various sizes which are applied to four benchmark datasets KITTI, WiderPerson, CrowdHuman, and INRIA individuals of occluded pedestrians, in order to enhance key attributes. According to the findings the proposed method performs satisfactorily on deep learning approaches i.e., Faster RCNN, Cascade RCNN and Mask RCNN to obtain results of parameters like Average Precision (AP) and Miss rate index (MR) in obstructed pedestrian detection tasks.
Applying an ICD-10-CA to ICD-11 Mapping Tool to Identify Causes of Death Codes in an Alberta Dataset
Authors: Doktorchik Chelsea , Southern Danielle A , King James A , Quan Hude 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The most recent and 11th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) is in use as of January 2022, and countries around the globe are now preparing for the implementation of ICD-11 and transition from the 10th revision (ICD-10). Translation of current coding is required for historical comparisons.
Methods
We applied the World Health Organization (WHO) mapping tables to current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Lists of ICD-10 coding of causes of death to assess what ICD-11 codes look like in an Alberta sample of causes of death (COD). We prepared frequency tables for a single year of causes of death in Alberta based on the CDC grouping of COD.
Results
The mapping success rate for the adult population was 96.6% for unique ICD-10 COD codes and 99.5% for deaths. The mapping success rate was 100% for children and infants for both ICD-10 COD codes and deaths. We mapped ICD-11 codes to identify the ten most frequently reported COD in Alberta for 24,645 deaths in adults, children, and infants in 2017.
Conclusions
Apart from two codes, all ICD-10 codes could be mapped to ICD-11 for COD. These findings suggest that the ability to translate from the two iterations of coding will be feasible for future applications of health services data.
Derivation and validation of a nomogram model for venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing borderline resectable pancreatic cancer surgery
Authors: Cui Songping , Chen Qing , Lyu Shaocheng , Wang Jing , Wang Di , Li Binglin , He Qiang , Lang Ren 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common postoperative complication in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC), which seriously affects the quality of life and prognosis. We aimed to establish new nomogram to predict the VTE risk after BRPC surgery.
Method: A total of 301 consecutive adult patients who underwent BRPC surgery between Jan. 2011 and Dec. 2021 in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Included in the cohort were 67 patients who developed VTE and 79 non-VTE patients. The patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7:3. A nomogram model was developed based on the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in the training group. The predictive power of the nomogram was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: The incidence of VTE in the present study was 45.9%. Age, albumin, operation time, tumor diameter and preoperative D-dimer were independent related factors. The areas under the ROC curve of the nomogram were 0.843 (95% CI: 0.782-0.904) and 0.893 (95% CI: 0.834-0.953) in the training and validation groups, respectively. For clinical usefulness, the model offered a net benefit in decision curve analysis, suggesting the new nomogram predict VTE events accurately enough.
Conclusion: We first established a high-performance nomogram of VTE risk in patients undergoing BRPC surgery, which helps clinicians to screen out people at high risk of VTE and perform prophylactic anticoagulation.
A novel UV-shielding reagent synthesized and its effects on properties of PVC
Authors: Wang Bin , Jiang Fan , Ma Xiangmei , Dong Zhehao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the most used polymers, but the mechanical and esthetic properties can deteriorate for use outdoors because of ultraviolet (UV) light or heat. The addition of stabilizers is indispensable method for improving the stability of PVC. In this work, a facile synthetic method of CeO2 quantum dots (QDs) was used, for achieving the best dispersion and improvement of anti-UV properties, the surface of CeO2 QDs was modified by ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (EDHB), which was dispersed within the PVC matrix using the casting method to investigate the anti-UV and thermal properties. X-ray powder diffraction spectra (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), UV spectrophotometr and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to characterized the structures, morphologies and properties. The results highlighted that EDHB/CeO2 can help reduce damages of PVC upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and heat.
Water infiltration rate in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal amidst present urbanization and land-use change
Authors: Shrestha Ganga , Shakya Bijay Man , Shrestha Mohan Bikram , Khadka Udhab Raj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rapid urbanization and land-use change prominently decreased groundwater recharge areas. Infiltration occurring through permeable areas is responsible for groundwater recharge. However, detailed studies of infiltration in low-income countries especially in human-encroached recharge areas are limited. Thus, this study mainly aims to measure the infiltration rate in the major recharge areas of the Kathmandu Valley (KV) using a double-ring infiltrometer (concentric ring size 30 and 15 cm). It also aims to estimate the volume of groundwater recharge with respect to the decrease in permeable areas in the northern part of the KV. The results revealed the infiltration rate ranging from 0.01 to 37.2 cm/h with an average of 7.3 ± 8.4 cm/h. The infiltration is found to be dependent upon land-use among different categories and organic matter among different soil properties. Additionally, the volume of water recharge in 2010, 2020, and 2030 was estimated as 67.73, 59.05, and 51.5 million cubic meters per year (MCM/year), respectively, which clearly showed a decrease in water recharge with respect to a decrease in the permeable areas. Hence, the findings would be useful for policymakers, stakeholders, and urban planners regarding the preservation and conservation of permeable areas for sustainable water resource management and urban flood management.
A Retrospective Single Centre Analysis of the Incidence of Hospital Admission
for Acute Coronary Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shah Nadim , Jamil Naser J.S. , Abdalla Geili , Muhammed Khalifa O , Al Hashimi Haitham A.R. , Baslaib Fahad O. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic due to ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19) that has led to millions of deaths. This may have resulted in a change in the rate of admissions for other potentially life-threatening conditions such as acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Therefore, we investigated the incidence of ACS admissions during the current pandemic and compared it to a similar period the year before.

Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of all patients admitted to a tertiary cardiology centre with ACS between February 2019 and the end of April 2019 (pre-COVID) that was compared with admissions between the same three months in 2020 (post-COVID). The main outcomes of interest were to evaluate any potential reduction of ACS admissions during the pandemic or change in mortality. In addition, we evaluated the rate of patients proceeding to coronary angiography (CAG).

Results:
During the post-COVID period, only 200 patients were admitted with ACS as compared to 331 patients during the pre-COVID period (39.6% reduction; 95% confidence interval (CI): 34% - 44%; p<0.01). A reduction in the percentage of patients proceeding to CAG was also noted (253 patients during the pre-COVID period compared to only 134 patients in the post-COVID period (76.4% vs 67.0%; p = 0.02)) but no associated reduction of primary percutaneous coronary intervention was noted. No increase in in-hospital mortality was noted between the pre-COVID and post-COVID groups (1.5% vs 1% respectively; p = 0.62).

Conclusion:
There was a significant reduction in admissions for ACS in the post-COVID period compared to a similar period prior. There was also a reduction in the overall invasive management of ACS, with less CAG performed but no associated reduction in the rate of PPCI. The in-hospital mortality rate was similar in the two groups.
Circular RNAs: Insights into Clinical and Therapeutic Approaches for
Various Cancers
Authors: Akram Fatima , Haq Ikram ul , Nasir Narmeen , Shah Fatima Iftikhar 
Published: January 2023

Background:
With the advent of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are swiftly becoming one of the significant regulators of gene expression and cellular functions. A plethora of multiple molecular mechanisms has been observed to elicit their influence.

Objective:
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a distinct category of endogenous noncoding RNAs designed as a result of exon back splicing events in precursor’s mRNAs (pre-mRNAs) and are widely distributed in the transcriptome of eukaryotic cells.

Methods:
Although the role of circRNAs is still in its infancy, they serve as microRNA sponges, protein scaffolds, and modulators of transcription and splicing and occasionally as templates for the production of peptides.

Results:
It is well known that abnormal circRNA expression is prevalent in malignancies and has been linked to a number of pathophysiological aspects of cancer. This extensively anomalous expression assists in cellular proliferation and growth, sustaining cellular invasiveness and bypassing cellular senescence and death, thus advocating their promise to serve as both clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Conclusion:
An overview of the recent status of circRNA will aid in the identification of new biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and their prospect in the diagnosis and therapy of disease. In this review article, we discuss the functional mechanisms of circRNAs, their biomarker potential in disease diagnosis and prognosis, therapeutic approaches, and the associated limitations.
The Application of Pyrrolo[2, 3-d]pyrimidine Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry
from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Liang Ting , Yang Yingxiang , Wang Jiayun , Xie Zhao , Chen Xin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
The application of privileged structures in drug design is an effective strategy, which
usually leads to innovative hits/leads and successful structural optimization. Pyrrolo[2, 3-
d]pyrimidine are such a scaffold which are frequently used in many clinical drugs. The biocompounds
bearing pyrrolo[2, 3-d]pyrimidine skeleton show different pharmacological effects such as
anti-neurodegenerative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. In this article, we
reviewed the representative structures and biological characteristics of reported synthetic pyrrolo[2,
3-d]pyrimidine compounds from 2017 to 2021. The linked diseases and targets were also mentioned
briefly. This work might provide a reference for the subsequent drug discovery based on pyrrolo[2,
3-d]pyrimidine scaffold.
Agent in Urgent Need of Clinical Practice: Corilagin
Authors: Wang XueJia , Fisher David , Pronyuk Khrystyna , Dang Yiping , Zhao Lei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Corilagin is a naturally occurring water-soluble retrogallic acid tannin, which can be extracted
from many kinds of plants. Known at present, it is the main effective ingredient of Phyllanthus
urinaria L., Geranium wilfordii Maxim., Phyllanthus matsumurae Hayata, and Trifolium repens L. It
also exists in Phyllanthus emblica L., Dimocarpus longan Lour., Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch.,
and Terminalia chebula Retz. It can participate in a variety of signaling pathways in vivo and has multiple
biological activities, including antitumor, anti-microbial, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, hepatoprotective,
anti-allergy, anti-proliferation and so on. Given the limited efficacy of first-line treatments
for many diseases such as oncology, chronic liver disease, and rheumatic immune system diseases,
and the potential for adverse effects to outweigh the therapeutic effects, attention is being focused
on alternative treatments, and natural plant extracts are a natural target for alternative treatments,
as natural substances tend to have low toxicity to normal tissues. Some proprietary Chinese
medicines containing corilagin have been used in clinical applications, being clinically applied to treat
chronic liver disease, viral hepatitis B, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. This paper reviews the
extraction, determination, distribution and harvesting, pharmacokinetics, biological activity, safety
assessment of corilagin and its application in clinical practice.
Identification and Evaluation of Nursing Errors in Kowsar Hospital by SHERPA
Authors: Motie Mahdieh , Rafiei Sima , Amiresmaili Mohammadreza , Amini Behnam , Aghdash Saber Azami , Kalavani Khalil 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Medical errors, including human errors, are one of the most important and sensitive issues in the health system. Human errors can endanger patients’ life during health service provision. Therefore, healthcare workers should ensure the safety by reducing human errors. This study aimed to identify and evaluate human errors among nurses working at an Iranian Hospital.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out using SHERPA method in 2018. After explaining the purpose of the study, data were collected by observation and interview. Using the hierarchical analysis method, tasks and subtasks were determined, and finally, the worksheet on SHERPA was completed and analyzed.

Results and Discussion:
Thirty-two tasks covering 252 subtasks related to the nursing profession were investigated, of which 252 errors were detected. Identified errors included errors of action, revision, retrieval, communication, and selection which were responsible for 60, 23, 3, 12, and 2 percent of errors, respectively. In terms of the level of error risk, 16 were unacceptable, 96 were undesirable, 107 were acceptable, which need revision, and 33 were acceptable with no need for revision.

Conclusion:
Nurses' errors are more action errors because of the nature of their work, so hospital authorities for safety and prevention should prioritize these errors.
Evaluation of the Quality of Clinical Education and the Clinical Self-efficacy of Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Khari Sorour , Pazokian Marzieh , Abadi Atefe Salimi Akin , Zarmehrparirouy Mina , NakhostinMoghadam Amirmohamad 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Clinical education is the most important part of the education of nursing, operating room, and anesthesia students. During the COVID-19 pandemic and the suspension of clinical training, these students became very concerned. Nursing schools also limited clinical education to create a balance between the educational needs and safety of students. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of changing clinical education conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of clinical education and the clinical self-efficacy of nursing, operating room, and anesthesia students in Tehran, Iran.

Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on 277 seventh and eighth-semester nursing, operating room, and anesthesia students in Tehran, Iran. Students were selected by simple random sampling using a random number table. The study tools included the demographic questionnaire, the clinical education quality questionnaire, and the clinical self-efficacy questionnaire, which were sent to the participants via WhatsApp and Telegram after confirming their validity and reliability.

Results and Discussion:
64.30% of students were female, and the mean age was 23.59±3.49. The mean of total scores for the quality of clinical education and clinical self-efficacy was equal to 57.38±12.43 and 104.88±23.01, respectively. 57% of students considered moderate the level of the quality of clinical education and 51.60% of them moderate the level of clinical self-efficacy. The total score for clinical self-efficacy had a significant correlation with the quality of clinical education (r=0.12, P-value=0.04).

Conclusion:
The use of new educational methods, planning the course based on the needs of learners and in accordance with the conditions, and increasing the capability and the clinical self-efficacy of nursing students should be considered by nursing professors.
Macroporous Nanostructured Calcium Phosphate/Chitosan-Gelatin
Composite Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold
Authors: Nezafati Nader , Beman Efaf , Borhan Shokoufeh , Hesaraki Saeed 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Tissue engineering is an emerging technology developed for the therapeutic
reconstruction of damaged tissue.

Objective:
In this study, a ceramic/polymer nanocomposite bone tissue engineering scaffold was
prepared by coating a tetracalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate mixture slurry on a porous 3D
chitosan-gelatin construction.

Methods:
The phase composition, structural groups, and morphological aspects of the samples
were characterized. Furthermore, the 3D composite scaffold was immersed in simulated body
fluid (SBF) solution at 37ºC for various periods to track its compositional and structural changes.

Results:
Based on the results, the coated layer is composed of needle-like carbonated apatite nanosized
crystals with some tetracalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate initial materials. The
nanocomposite was porous with an average macropore size of about 410 μm. The in vitro tests
revealed that the composition of the coated layer tends to be apatite crystals, which are similar to
natural bone in terms of chemistry and morphology.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that a simple coating of chitosan-gelatin scaffolds using reactive
calcium phosphate particles may introduce a novel nanocomposite scaffold with improved mechanical
strength, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity.
Hepatitis E virus and Zoonosis: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Hon Kam L.E. , Leung Alexander K.C. , Wong Alex H.C. , Sridhar Siddharth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Hepatitis E is viral hepatitis caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV). This
article aims to review HEV disease and recent advances in the management of hepatitis E. We
used PubMed Clinical Queries and keywords of “hepatitis E”, “hepatitis E virus” AND “zoonosis”
as the search engine. “Therapy”, “Clinical Prediction Guides”, “Diagnosis”, “Etiology” and
“Prognosis” were used as filters, and “Narrow” scope was used. The search was conducted in
April 2022. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the
present article. Hepatitis E is viral hepatitis caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV).
Hepatitis E has mainly a fecal-oral transmission route. Hepatitis E infection usually follows an
acute and self-limiting course of illness with low death rates in resource-rich areas; however, it can
be more severe in pregnant women and immunocompromised people. The mortality rates in these
groups are substantially higher. A vaccine for HEV is available but is not universally approved.
Ribavirin remains the most efficacious medication for the treatment of HEV but is contraindicated
in pregnancy. Sofosbuvir and pegylated interferon, with or without ribavirin, have not been shown
in the latest literature reviews to provide reliable additional benefits to the treatment of hepatitis.
Sofosbuvir should not be used as monotherapy for HEV. Food is an important source of infection
in many countries while rats are the primary vector in developing nations. Management must include
an understanding of the rat habitats for this zoonotic disease. Hepatitis E remains an important
cause of hepatitis and a zoonotic disease globally. Public health policies are key to containing
this viral infectious disease, including policy in the transfusion of blood products.
Work-Focused Versus Generic Internet-Based Interventions for Employees With Stress-Related Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Persson Asplund Robert , Asplund Sofia , von Buxhoeveden Helene , Delby Hanna , Eriksson Karin , Svenning Gerhardsson Maurits , Palm Joachim , Skyttberg Thea , Torstensson Julia , Ljótsson Brjánn , Carlbring Per , Andersson Gerhard 
Published: January 2023

Background
In recent decades, stress-related disorders have received more attention, with an increasing prevalence, especially within the working population. The internet provides new options for broad dissemination, and a growing body of evidence suggests that web-based interventions for stress might be effective. However, few studies have examined the efficacy of interventions in clinical samples and work-related outcomes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an internet-based cognitive behavioral intervention for stress-related disorders integrating work-related aspects (work-focused and internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy [W-iCBT]), compared with a generic internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) group and a waitlist control (WLC) group.

Methods
In this trial, 182 employees, mainly employed in the health care, IT, or educational sector, who fulfilled the criteria for a stress-related disorder, were randomized to a 10-week W-iCBT (n=61, 33.5%), generic iCBT (n=61, 33.5%), or WLC (n=60, 33%). Self-rated questionnaires on perceived stress, burnout, exhaustion, and other mental health– and work-related outcomes were administered before and after the treatment and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups.

Results
Compared with the WLC group, participants of the W-iCBT and iCBT groups showed an equal and significant reduction in the primary outcome (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire [SMBQ]) from pretreatment to posttreatment assessment (Cohen d=1.00 and 0.83, respectively) and at the 6-month follow-up (Cohen d=0.74 and 0.74, respectively). Significant moderate-to-large effect sizes were also found in the secondary health- and work-related outcomes. The W-iCBT was the only group that exhibited significant effects on work ability and short-term sickness absence. Short-term sickness absence was 445 days lower than the WLC group and 324 days lower than the iCBT intervention group. However, no significant differences were found in terms of work experience or long-term sick leave.

Conclusions
The work-focused and generic iCBT interventions proved to be superior compared with the control condition in reducing chronic stress and several other mental health–related symptoms. Interestingly, effects on work ability and short-term sickness absence were only seen between the W-iCBT intervention and the WLC groups. These preliminary results are promising, indicating that treatments that include work aspects may have the potential to accelerate recovery and reduce short-term sickness absence because of stress-related disorders.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05240495; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05240495 (retrospectively registered)