bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of artificial intelligence (AI) preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Min Meipeng , URBA RAFI , Zhang Wenjie , Gao Jia , He Bin , Wang Yunhua , Fan Lei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The poor reliability of preoperative planning measured by traditional X-ray templates increases the difficulty of osteotomy and prosthesis implantation during an operation, which to some extent affects the surgical outcome of total knee arthroplasty and postoperative satisfaction of patients.
Objective
To evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Materials and methods
We selected 48 patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis in our Joint Surgery Department between March 2021 and May 2022. The test group included 24 patients who underwent three-dimensional preoperative planning using artificial intelligence (AI), and the control group consisted of 24 patients who underwent two-dimensional preoperative planning using traditional template measurement. The differences were not statistically significant when comparing the general information of the two groups, such as gender, age, BMI, affected side category, ASA classification, history of diabetes, history of stroke (P > 0.05). For analyzing the accuracy and application effect of the two preoperative planning methods, the intraoperative operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative lower limb alignment angle, VAS score, and AKS score were compared between the two groups.
Results
All patients were followed for 6 to 8 months, and no postoperative complications or postoperative deaths occurred in either group. There was no statistically significant difference between the general data of patients in both groups (P > 0.05). The complete matching rates of femoral component, tibial component, and tibial liner in the test group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative drainage volume in the test group were significantly less than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the postoperative lower limb alignment Angle between the two groups (P < 0.05). The VAS score of the test group was significantly better than that of the control group within 2 weeks (P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference after 1 month (P > 0.05). The AKS score of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 3 months after operation (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Compared with traditional film planning, AI preoperative planning can improve the accuracy of intraoperative prosthesis implantation and the surgical outcome of TKA, which is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice.
Analysis of rumen Bacterial diversity in Mongolian sheep based on 16S rDNA sequencing
Authors: Qiao Huiyan , Shi Yali , Jia Yijiu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Rumen microorganisms play an important role in the physiology, nutrition, pathology, and host immunity of ruminants. Of these microorganisms, bacteria were the most abundant in the rumen. The main purpose of this article is to explore the diversity, abundance and microflora function of rumen bacteria in Mongolian sheep in Inner Mongolia. 11 rumen samples from adult sheep from Inner Mongolia were collected randomly lived in the same environment and fed in the same way. Using Illumine Seq platform, 16S rDNA V4 regions were sequenced to analyze the rumen microbial structure and function prediction of the rumen fluid from the 11 Mongolia sheep.
Results
6200 effective sequences and 57759 OTUs for species categorization were acquired by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. The analysis of bacterial diversity showed that the dominant bacteria groups were Bacteroidota and Firmicutes at the phylum level and Prevotellaceae at the family level. It was shown that most genes encoded by sheep rumen bacteria were related to metabolism, followed by gene information processing and environmental information processing. Additionally, results showed that fibrinolytic enzymes and cellulose-degrading bacteria were abundant in Mongolian sheep rumen.
Conclusions
The results revealed the population distribution, population characteristics, and quantity of rumen bacteria in sheep, which laid a foundation for the study of rumen bacterial diversity. Additionally, it served as a resource for cultivating strains that produce cellulase and a manual for identifying cellulose degradation genes with potential for commercial use.
Adverse events of COVID-19 vaccination among Japanese University Students suppressed by breakfast consumption and favorable sleeping habits
Authors: Tetsuka Nobuyuki , Suzuki Keiko , Suzuki Kodai , Ishihara Takuma , Miwa Takao , Tajirika Satoko , Aadachi Miho , Horita Ryo , Fukao Taku , Yamamoto Mayumi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Despite the evidence of effectiveness of vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated serious illness, hospitalization, and death, there is some hesitation towards COVID-19 vaccination in young adults because of concerns regarding adverse events. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Gifu University students receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine and boosters to elucidate the real incidence of adverse events and factors that prevent them. We examined the adverse events and identified potential risk factors through a self-administered questionnaire reporting their physical condition after COVID-19 vaccination. A higher number of vaccinations, female sex, and low body mass index were significantly associated with the occurrence of adverse events on the day of or after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Regular breakfast consumption was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of post-vaccination itching, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Sufficient sleep duration was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of post-vaccination abdominal pain and diarrhea. Focal/systemic adverse events were highly frequent among university students after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, with no life-threatening cases or hospitalizations. A higher number of vaccinations, female sex, and lower body mass index were associated with an increased incidence of adverse events. Contrastingly, regular breakfast and sufficient sleep were associated with fewer adverse events.
Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) class I expression is an EBV-independent major determinator of microenvironment composition in classic Hodgkin Lymphoma and associated with a cytotoxic immune response
Authors: Klapper Wolfram , Müller-Meinhardt Berit , Seifert Nicole , Grund Johanna , Reinke Sarah , Borchmann Sven , von Tresckow Bastian , Borchmann Peter , Plütschow Annette , Richter Julia , Engert Andreas , Altenbuchinger Michael , Bröckelmann Paul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hodgkin Reed Sternberg cells (HRSC) in classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) frequently lack expression of human leucocyte antigen class I (HLA-I), hampering activation of cytotoxic T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We identify the HLA-I expression status of HRSC, found in a minority of HL, as a strong determinant of TME composition. Combined whole tissue and spatial analysis of the TME suggests the presence of a cytotoxic T-cell immune response in HLA-I positive HL. However, increased expression of the inhibitory immune-checkpoint LAG3 on CD8 + T-cells in close proximity to HRSC may interfere with the expected cytotoxicity leading to the observed absence of clonally expanded T-cells in HLA-I-positive HL. Of note, the observed effects were independent of the presence of Epstein-Barr Virus in HRSC. Moreover, HLA-I-positive HL are associated with a B-cell-rich TME and show a trend towards a favorable clinical course. In summary, our data suggest that HL with HLA-I + HRSC are distinct in their microenvironment and harbor traces of a cytotoxic immune response blocked by induction of LAG3 on CD8 + cells in proximity to HRSC. Given the major differences in TME composition immune checkpoint inhibitors may differ in their mechanism of action in HLA-I-positive compared to HLA-negative HL.
From embryo to adult: Unravelling the temporal and spatial variations in fungal phylotypes of Atlantic salmon
Authors: Lokesh Jep , Siriyappagouder Prabhugouda , Fernandes Jorge M.O 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Early microbial colonization has a profound impact on host physiology during different stages of ontogeny. Although several studies have focused on early bacterial colonization and succession, the composition and role of fungal communities are poorly known in fish. Here, we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of fungi to profile the mycobiome associated with the eggs, hatchlings and intestine of Atlantic salmon at various freshwater and marine stages.
Results
In most of the stages studied, fungal diversity was lower than bacterial diversity. There were several stage-specific fungal phylotypes belonging to different stages of ontogeny but some groups, such as Candida tropicalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Alternaria metachromatica, Davidiella tassiana and Humicola nigrescens, persisted during successive stages of ontogeny. We observed significant changes in the intestinal fungal communities during the first feeding. Prior to first feeding, Humicola nigrescens dominated, but Saccharomyces cerevisiae (10 wph) and Candida tropicalis (12 wph) became dominant subsequently. Seawater transfer resulted in a decrease in alpha diversity and an increase in Candida tropicalis abundance. We also observed notable variations in beta diversity and composition between the different farms.
Conclusion
Overall, the present study sheds light on the fungal communities of Atlantic salmon from early ontogeny to adulthood. These novel findings will also be useful in future studies investigating host-microbiota interactions in the context of developing better nutritional and health management strategies for Atlantic salmon farming.
Factors Associated with the Uptake OF Cervical Cancer Screening Among HIV-Positive Women Attending Immune Suppressed Syndrome Clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Authors: Kavira Victoria , Archibong Victor , Ayuba John Tabakwot , Usman Ibe Michael , Tibaijuka Leevan , Owaraganise Asiphas , Ngonzi Joseph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study determined the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions, uptake of cervical cancer screening (CCS), and its associated factors among HIV-positive women attending the Immuno-Suppression Syndrome (ISS), and the Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Clinics of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).
Patients and methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the ISS Clinic of MRRH, southwestern Uganda. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires among 303 confirmed HIV-positive patients between January 2020 and April 2020. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted.
Results
The majority of the respondent 179(59.1%) had screened for cervical cancer and of the 124 unscreened women, 5(4.0%) had precancerous cervical lesions. HIV-positive women directed by healthcare staff in their most recent visit (AOR = 7.7, 95%CI: 4.08–14.63, p < 0.01), women from villages where outreaches were conducted (AOR = 4.4, 95%CI: 1.94–10.05, p < 0.01), and women that were attended to by two skilled health workers (AOR = 5.1, 95%CI: 1.81–14.43, p < 0.01) were more likely to go for CCS.
Conclusion
The uptake of CCS services among HIV-positive women attending ISS clinic was generally high. The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions was generally low. This study demonstrates that referrals, outreaches, and the presence of skilled health workers enhanced the uptake of cervical cancer screening among HIV-positive women attending the ISS clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.
Dissociating different temporal stages of emotional word processing by feature- based attention
Authors: Schindler Sebastian , Vormbrock Ria , Helming Hanne , Straube Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Negative emotional content is prioritized across different stages of information processing as reflected by different components of the event-related potential (ERPs). In this preregistered study (N = 40), we investigated how varying the attentional focus allows us to dissociate the involvement of specific ERP components in the processing of negative and neutral words. Participants had to discriminate the orientation of lines overlaid onto the words, the word type (adjective/noun), or the emotional content (negative/neutral). Thus, attention was either not focused on words (distraction task), non-emotional aspects, or the emotional relevance of words. Regardless of the task, there were no significant differences between negative and neutral words for the P1, N1, or P2 components. In contrast, interactions between emotion and task were observed for the Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) and Late Positive Potential (LPP). EPN differences were absent during the distraction task but were present in the other two tasks. LPP emotion differences were found only when attention was directed to the emotional content of words. Our study adds to the evidence that early ERP components do not reliably separate negative and neutral words. However, results show that mid-latency and late stages of emotion processing are separable by different attention tasks. The EPN represents a stage of attentional enhancement of negative words given sufficient attentional resources. Differential activations during the LPP stage are associated with more elaborative processing of emotional meaning of words.
A blessing or a curse: China’s Arctic involvement and its environmental policy to prevent further climatic change and pollution
Authors: Wang Yaohui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The protection and sustainable use of environmental resources is one of the most salient tasks in Arctic regional governance, given that the region is a particularly fragile zone threatened by global warning and polar pollution. In recent years, as the People’s Republic of China has significantly increased its economic presence in the High North, whether and how Beijing’s Arctic engagement has influenced its efforts to prevent further climatic change associated with global warming and the accumulation of toxic substances are particularly important questions in the study of Arctic politics and global environmental governance. Borrowing insights from the costly signalling literature, this article presents an investigation of these questions. Contrary to the popular “Western-based” perspective that Beijing’s Arctic involvement will inevitably exaggerate human-induced environmental hazards, I argue that China’s pursuit to integrate itself into Arctic affairs and foster a responsible great power image actually incentivize it to pledge more ambitious environmental policies as a costly signal to demonstrate that the rising power is willing to adhere to the Arctic’s existing norms and rules instead of challenging the status quo. Thus, China’s engagement can contribute to environmental governance and sustainable development in the Arctic region. Relying on a set of time-series error correction models and ordinary least-square regression models, the analysis shows that China’s Arctic engagement is positively correlated with its environmental policy stringency. Taken together, these findings advance our understanding on the implications of under-studied state actors for Arctic sustainable development and environmental governance, suggesting that the international community can benefit from accepting China into the Arctic instead of pushing it away from the circle.
DNA damage in prepared semen is associated with fertilisation rate in assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment
Authors: Altakroni Bashar , Hunter Helen , Horne Greg , Brison Daniel R , Povey Andrew C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to determine to what extent sperm DNA damage is associated with semen quality and assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment outcomes.
Methods
105 male partners of couples attending for infertility treatment were recruited and DNA integrity was measured by a neutral Comet assay and N7-methyldeoxyguanosine (N7-MedG) DNA levels by an immunoslotblot in sperm prepared by density gradient centrifugation for treatment use. Associations between measures of DNA damage (%tail DNA, proportion of sperm with either low (LDD) or high (HDD) levels of DNA damage, and N7-methylguanine levels), semen quality (concentration and motility) and ART outcomes (% oocytes fertilised, % embryo fragmentation, % cleavage, and birth outcome) were assessed.
Results
In the prepared sperm samples, DNA damage was significantly associated with semen quality and was lower than that in the original neat sample. % fertilisation was significantly negatively associated with N7-MedG levels, %HDD and % tail DNA and was positively associated with %LDD. % cleavage and live birth in fresh cycles were not associated with DNA damage but there was evidence that %LDD was lower, and %HDD higher, in couples with live births after a frozen embryo transfer cycle.
Conclusion
DNA damage can negatively impact on semen quality and fertilization rate but not embryo cleavage or live birth rate. These results suggest that the impact of sperm DNA damage on pregnancy outcomes appears in the early stage of embryo development.
The Dynamic Concept, Verbal-Nonverbal Taxonomy: A Study from Engram Theory and Conceptual Atomism
Authors: Muñoz-López Miguel Ángel , Hernández-Pozo María del Rocío , Rodríguez Omar David Almaraz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This article focuses on concept learning, exploring the variability of this process in relation to verbal and nonverbal taxonomy. The theories of concept and memory, particularly conceptual atomism and engram theory, are examined, which provide a solid foundation for understanding learning processes and concept formation. A novel definition of "dynamic concept" is elaborated based on these theories. Considering this, an experiment was designed to measure conceptual learning, revealing significant differences between verbal and nonverbal learning. In conclusion, the aim of this research is to contribute to the understanding of the nature of concepts and their relationship with engram formation in the brain. By addressing existing theories and conducting experiments, new perspectives and advancements are sought in the field of cognitive neuroscience.
Evaluation of the prevalence of coronary artery disease in patients with valvular heart disease
Authors: Abozaid Natheer , wahdan Shafiq 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: VHD, it is a disorder that affects the valves that can lead to stenosis which reduce the blood flow forward or regurgitation which cause return the blood back.
CAD: it is a progressive inflammation of the wall of the coronary artery and is most often caused by atheroma, which reduces or interrupted the blood flow of the heart muscle.
Methods: an observational study of the type of cross section study. This study targeted the patients of Damascus hospital on patients data from the year 2014 to 2023 , 550 files were studied and about 86 patients were selected who met specific acceptance criteria, while all patients were excluded according to specific exclusion criteria.
Admission criteria: patients with signal severe valvular lesion.
Exclusion criteria: patients with multiple valvular lesions, patients age less than 18, mild and moderate valvular lesions, patients did not have angiography.
Place of study: Damascus hospital.
Study time: between 3/22/2023 and 6/15/2023.
Results: The ages of the studied patients ranged from (45-75).
The number of male patients was 42 (48.8 %) and female 44 (51.2 %) of the study patients.
for the risk factors for coronary disease, the number of smokers was 19 (22.1 %) of the total patients, and the number of patients with diabetes was 24 (27.9%), and there was a family story in 6 (6.9 %) of the patients. These factors were similar between the groups, and the value of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly different.
The presence of coronary heart disease in 33 (38.3 %) of The patients.
Conclusion: The study showed that there is an important difference between valvular lesions in terms of the prevalence of coronary heart disease, and the aortic stenosis is most often associated with coronary disease and the difference can be attributed to the fact that the risk factors for atheroma (which is the age in our study) is more common in aortic stenosis.
The study also showed that mitral regurgitation also has a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of coronary disease compared to mitral stenosis, as it is known that coronary disease plays an important role as a cause of mitral regurgitation, and the factors of Coronary risk (arterial hypertension in our study) is more frequent.
Prolonged Use of ADHD Medications is Associated with Testosterone Hypofunction – Results from a National Claims Database Analysis
Authors: Ostdiek-Wille Garett , Bavitz Kyle , Kohn Taylor , Deibert Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Male hypogonadism is not a risk associated with ADHD stimulant medications, but recent studies have explored this connection. Though the exact pathophysiologic connection remains unclear, we predicted that long-term use of ADHD stimulant medications could increase the risk of hypogonadism in post-pubertal males. Utilizing the national TriNetX, LLC Research Network, individuals older than 18 with a diagnosis of ADHD receiving long-term stimulant medication (> 36 monthly prescriptions) were selected for the study population. Two control groups were constructed: individuals with ADHD but no stimulant medication use, and individuals without ADHD or stimulant medication use. A diagnosis of testicular hypofunction (ICD-10: E29.1) within five years of long-term ADHD stimulant medication use was chosen as the primary outcome. After propensity score matching, 17 224 men were analyzed in each group. Of the men with long-term ADHD stimulant medication use, 1.20% were subsequently diagnosed with testicular hypofunction compared to 0.67% of individuals with ADHD but no associated medication use (RR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.42–2.23) and 0.68% in men without an ADHD diagnosis or stimulant medication use (RR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.39–2.19). Therefore, chronic ADHD stimulant medication use was found to be significantly associated with a subsequent diagnosis of testicular hypofunction.