bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Efficacies of a Blonanserin Transdermal Patch and Blonanserin Oral Formulation for Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Schizophrenia Treated With Laxatives Using a Japanese Claims Database
Authors: Inada Ken , Muraoka Hiroyuki , Matsumoto Yuji , Fukui Daisuke , Watanabe Tomomi , Masuda Yuriko , Inoue Sachie , Masuda Takahiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLaxative use has recently been indicated as a risk factor for hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia. Oral antipsychotic therapy for patients with schizophrenia treated with laxatives may be problematic due to gastrointestinal dysfunction, which affects absorption. Therefore, transdermal patches of antipsychotics may be a suitable alternative. We herein compared the efficacies of a blonanserin (BNS) patch and BNS oral formulation in patients with schizophrenia treated with laxatives.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed using a claims database in Japan provided by DeSC Healthcare Inc. Subjects were BNS patch‐ or BNS oral formulation‐prescribed patients with schizophrenia. The primary outcome was hospitalization to psychiatric wards. The hazard ratio (HR) for hospitalization was estimated using Cox proportional hazards model and adjusted by propensity scores.ResultsAmong the 3896 patients identified, 1407 were prescribed laxatives (BNS patch group: n = 538, BNS oral group: n = 869). Mean ages in the BNS patch and BNS oral groups were 74 and 58 years, respectively. The adjusted HR for hospitalization (BNS patch group vs. BNS oral group) was 1.31 (95% confidence interval; 0.88, 1.94), with no significant difference.ConclusionsNo significant difference was observed in the risk of hospitalization for patients with schizophrenia treated with laxatives between the BNS patch and BNS oral groups. The effectiveness of antipsychotic patches in these patients warrants further research that considers factors such as patch preference in the elderly.
Innovative Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles and their Interaction with Two Model Proteins: Human Serum Albumin and Lysozyme
Authors: Valizadeh Ali , Mirzapoor Aboulfazl , Hallaji Zahra , Jahanshah Talab Mahtab , Ranjbar Bijan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs) has gained significant interest due to their broad applications, particularly in biomedicine and environmental purification. In this study, Fe₃O₄ NPs are synthesized using a novel chemical co‐precipitation method, yielding NPs with excellent characteristics such as saturation magnetization of 41.42 emu g−1, a coercivity of less than 4 Oe, and a remanence below 0.4 emu g−1, demonstrating superparamagnetic‐like properties. The particles achieved an average size of 11 nm and displayed robust colloidal stability in aqueous suspension for ≈30 days. Additionally, chitosan‐coated Fe₃O₄ (Fe₃O₄‐CS) NPs are prepared, which maintained similar magnetic properties with a slightly lower magnetization of 38.35 emu g−1 due to the nonmagnetic CS layer. To assess the biomedical applicability of these NPs, their effects on model proteins human serum albumin and lysozyme are examined. Circular dichroism studies revealed only slight decreases in α‐helix content indicating minimal alterations to the secondary structure. Moreover, fluorescence studies indicated local changes in protein tertiary structures without significant disruption. This research highlights the potential of Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄‐CS NPs for applications in drug delivery and controlled release systems due to their stability, biocompatibility, and unique magnetic properties.
Oxygen Defects Enriched Cerium Oxide Nanozyme for Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Tannic Acid
Authors: Fan Xuke , Yu Haifeng , Zhang Mengpan , Zhou Zitong , Yang Yanling , Pang Yijun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAlthough the application of nanozymes is widely studied, it is still a huge challenge to develop a facile strategy to improve enzyme activity. Herein, a novel nanozyme construction strategy is proposed that involves the modulation of surface defects on CeO2 through controlled atmosphere under mild condition. The CeO2 prepared in this study is subjected to thermal treatment under various atmospheres, such as H2‐Ar and air, resulting in the formation of tunable oxygen vacancies, as confirmed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and UV–vis spectroscopy characterizations. The Cb‐H demonstrates peroxidase‐mimicking activity and achieves excellent catalytic performance due to the advantageous nanozyme preparation process, which results in the highest fraction of oxygen vacancies. Therefore, a colorimetric sensor is constructed for the fast and sensitive quantitative analysis of TA with good linearity in the range of 0–2.5 µm. This work offers strategies for optimizing the catalytic activity of defect‐engineered nanozymes and highlights the practical potential of Cb‐H in the colorimetric detection of tannic acid (TA).
Conformational flexibility associated with remote residues regulates the kinetic properties of glutamate dehydrogenase
Authors: Godsora Barsa Kanchan Jyotshna , Das Parijat , Mishra Prasoon Kumar , Sairaman Anjali , Kaledhonkar Sandip , Punekar Narayan S. , Bhaumik Prasenjit 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a pivotal metabolic enzyme in all living organisms, and some of the GDHs exhibit substrate‐dependent homotropic cooperativity. However, the mode of allosteric communication during the homotropic effect in GDHs remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined two homologous GDHs, Aspergillus niger GDH (AnGDH) and Aspergillus terreus GDH (AtGDH), with differing substrate utilization kinetics to uncover the factors driving their distinct behavior. We report the crystal structures and first‐ever cryo‐EM structures of apo‐ AtGDH and AnGDH that captured arrays of conformational ensembles. A wider mouth opening (~ 21 Å) is observed for the cooperative AnGDH as compared to the non‐cooperative AtGDH (~17 Å) in their apo states. A network of interactions related to the substitutions in Domain II influence structural flexibility in these GDHs. Remarkably, we have identified a distant substitution (R246 to S) in Domain II, as a part of this network, which can impact the mouth opening and converts non‐cooperative AtGDH into a cooperative enzyme. Our study demonstrates that remote residues can influence structural and kinetic properties in homologous GDHs.
Inactivating Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria via Advanced Oxidation Processes: Uncovering Genomic Information in Resistance Genes
Authors: Nguyen Thu Hoai , Fujino Takeshi , Takasaki Hironori , Zhang Yi , Sawada Yosuke , Kamura Kenji 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe increased use of disinfection products, particularly hand sanitizers containing triclosan, has raised significant environmental concerns, including antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in microorganisms. This study compares the effectiveness of ozone solutions and micro‐nano bubbles (MNB) solutions in addressing AMR. The findings indicate that MNB, particularly due to its stable generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO•), achieved significantly higher bacterial disinfection rates, with over 95% of bacteria killed after only 3 h. This suggests that MNB could be a potent alternative for efficient bacterial inactivation in water treatment systems. Additionally, ozone solutions have been found to be more effective in reducing antimicrobial‐resistance genes presence, particularly at optimized concentrations (50% ozone, 2.5 mg/L). This targeted control over antimicrobial‐resistance genes represents an innovation in managing antibiotic resistance in environmental waters, indicating that ozone at specific concentrations could reduce antimicrobial‐resistance gene proliferation. Moreover, MNB solutions show little to no adverse effect on bacterial DNA structure, even at high concentrations. The combination of these two advanced oxidation treatments offers a promising perspective for disinfection technology, aiming for maximum antimicrobial‐resistance genes inactivation with minimal side effects, thereby exemplifying a more refined approach to ozone‐based disinfection.
Water Quality Index, Heavy Metals, and Endocrine Disruptors in the Saigon River Basin: Pollution Assessment and Correlation Analysis
Authors: Tong Nguyen Xuan , Hoa Nguyen Kim , Tram Nguyen Thi Thu , Khang Luu Tang Phuc 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe present study aims to assess surface water quality (WQI), wastewater quality (WWQI), and the presence of toxic chemicals, including metals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds (EDCs), in the Saigon River basin. A total of 27 samples from nine locations in the Saigon River basin and 30 wastewater samples from 10 industrial parks were collected in 2023. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (CA) were employed to investigate the relationships and potential sources of water quality parameters, heavy metals, and EDCs in surface water and wastewater. Water Quality Index (WQI) revealed that five locations (S2, S3, S6, S7, and S9) were classified as poor (WQI: 47–50), while four locations (S1, S4, S5, and S8) exhibited moderate quality (WQI: 53–64). For wastewater, three locations (W2, W3, and W7) showed low‐strength wastewater (WWQI: 36–40), four locations (W4, W6, W8, and W10) had medium‐strength wastewater (WWQI: 54–74), and three locations (W1, W5, and W9) displayed high‐strength wastewater (WWQI: 76–80). In addition, Pb (0.50 mg/L) and Cr (0.10 mg/L) concentrations were higher than the surface water limits set by QCVN 08:2023/BTNMT (Pb < 0.02 mg/L and Cr < 0.05 mg/L). For wastewater, Pb concentration was 0.60 mg/L, higher than the QCVN 40:2021/BTNMT limit (Pb < 0.5 mg/L). The highest amount of nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO) was found in surface water samples (179.67 ± 24.88 ng/L), while the highest amount of octylphenol (OP) was found in wastewater samples (20,000.00 ± 8509.79 ng/L). The Pearson correlation test showed a strong positive relationship in surface water between bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) (r = 0.80) and Cr and NP1EO (r = 0.99). A strong positive relationship was identified in wastewater between NP and Zn (r = 0.94) and between BPA and Cr (r = 0.96). Notably, no significant correlations were found between other parameters, suggesting pollution originates from multiple point sources related to industrialization and urbanization activities in the Saigon River basin. The PCA and CA results corroborated the correlation analysis, identifying human waste discharge as the primary contributor to pollution. Therefore, the study results highlight the urgent need for comprehensive water quality monitoring strategies, particularly near industrial and residential areas, and to develop and enforce stricter wastewater discharge regulations to mitigate environmental pollution.
A preliminary study on the analysis of methane and ethylene by gas chromatography flame ionization detection (GC‐FID) following the sampling by gas permeation through a polymer membrane
Authors: Nhan Nguyen Van Hoang , Huy Nguyen Gia , Quang Ngo Xuan , Van Dong Nguyen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA lab‐fabricated permeation system hyphenated to a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector was used to examine the analysis of methane and ethylene. Various concentrations of methane and ethylene in a single or mixture were injected into the permeating chamber containing high‐purity nitrogen or helium atmosphere. The penetrated gases through a poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) membrane were flushed into a GC–FID equipped with a Porapak packed column for separation and detection using N2 or He carrier gas. The permeation processes of CH4 and C2H4 reached a steady state after 10 min. Since this “lag time”, the amounts that penetrated CH4 and C2H4 were proportional to the permeation time. Within a certain permeation time, the amounts of CH4 and C2H4 at both sides of the membrane were linearly correlated, facilitating the possibility of quantitative analysis of CH4 and C2H4. The permeability coefficients for CH4 and C2H4 in various permeation conditions were calculated. They showed that the penetration of CH4 and C2H4 in the He atmosphere was 11 times better compared to the N2 atmosphere, e.g. the sensitivity of the measurements is also better. This study revealed that permeation through a polymeric membrane could be applied to the analysis of CH4 and C2H4 or, on a large scale, to the gases or volatile compounds for various applications.
Kato-Katz versus urine POC-CCA for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni in preschool-aged children in Homa Bay County, Kenya
Authors: Isaiah Phyllis Munyiva , Nyawanda Bryan , Okoyo Collins , Steinmann Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The diagnosis of schistosomiasis in preschool-aged children (PSAC) is challenging. The point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) assay offers potential improvements in diagnostic access in hard-to-reach areas over the conventional Kato-Katz (KK) test. This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of KK versus POC-CCA in stool and urine samples from PSAC in a PSAC population residing in a S. mansoni endemic hard-to-reach area in Kenya. Using combined positive results of both KK and POC-CCA tests as the “gold standard,” the overall sensitivity of KK (57.6%; 95% CI, 49.1–65.8) was significantly lower than that of POC-CCA (73.2%; 95% CI, 65.0–80.4);

$${\chi }_{m}^{2}$$

χ

m

2

= 5.88, p = 0.015. There was moderate agreement between KK and the combined results (k = 0.599, p < 0.001, concordance 80.9%) and a substantial agreement between POC-CCA and the combined results (k = 0.753, p < 0.001, concordance 88.1%). POC-CCA is a more sensitive diagnostic tool for schistosomiasis surveillance in PSAC compared to KK, particularly in hard-to-reach endemic areas.
Periodic traveling waves for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with non-zero conditions at infinity in $$ \textbf{R}^2 $$
Authors: Mariş Mihai , Mur Anthony 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonzero conditions at infinity in

$$\textbf{R}^2$$

R
2

. We investigate the existence of traveling waves that are periodic in the direction transverse to the direction of propagation and minimize the energy when the momentum is kept fixed. We show that for any given value of the momentum, there is a critical value of the period such that traveling waves with period smaller than the critical value are one-dimensional, and those with larger periods depend on two variables.
Population norms for the EQ-5D-5L for Hungary: comparison of online surveys and computer assisted personal interviews
Authors: Péntek Márta , Jáger Viktor , Kincses Áron , Hölgyesi Áron , Zrubka Zsombor , Baji Petra , Kovács Levente , Gulácsi László 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and objectives
The aims of this study were to provide population norms for EQ-5D-5L in Hungary and investigate the differences in EQ-5D-5L normative data by survey mode, i.e. online surveys and computer assisted personal interviews (CAPI).

Methods
A pooled database was built comprising six online (N = 7,034) and two CAPI (N = 3,020) population-based studies with the EQ-5D-5L. Descriptive statistics were performed. Multinominal logistic and linear regression analyses were applied to compare the online and CAPI samples. Traditional and machine learning regression tools were used to investigate the determinants of EQ-5D-5L index values.

Results
‘No problems’ in any of the five EQ-5D-5L domains were reported by 33.9% (online) and 58.9% (CAPI) of the participants. Most problems were reported on the pain/discomfort domain in both study types (51.9% and 33.6%, respectively). Men and more educated respondents had significantly higher average EQ-5D-5L index values. EQ-5D-5L index values and EQ VAS scores were significantly higher in the CAPI sample, except in age groups 65–74 (no difference) and 75+ (online scores were significantly higher). Only 7–10% of variance in the EQ-5D-5L index values was explained by the variables survey mode, education, sex and age, with age having the largest and sex the smallest effect.

Conclusions
EQ-5D-5L population norms derived from online and CAPI studies may differ significantly from each other. It is recommended to consider the survey mode, sampling and sociodemographic characteristics of the participants when choosing population norms as reference set. Further comparative studies investigating EQ-5D-5L population norms by different study designs and administration modes are encouraged.
Assessing genetic conservation of human sociability-linked genes in C. elegans
Authors: Roozen Mila C. , Kas Martien J. H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Social behavior is a common though variable trait across animal species. How much of the variation in social behavior is due to biological common mechanisms across animal species is unknown. In this study we examined to what extent human genetic variation in sociability is affected by pathways shared with Caenorhabditis elegans and whether any conserved sociability-linked genes show enhanced levels of essential functions and interactivity. We found inconsistent evidence of increased conservation with more thorough analyses resulting in no evidence of increased conservation of human sociability-linked genes. Conserved genes were highly interactive compared to nonconserved and random genes, while only a limited number of genetic interactions were found to be conserved. No evidence was found for enrichment of social phenotypes in C. elegans orthologs of human sociability-linked genes while evidence for associations with essential functions were limited. The activin A receptor type 2A (ACVR2A) gene appears to play a role in social behavior in both humans and C. elegans, making it an interesting gene for further study.
Monocyte-related markers as predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and immune-related adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ezdoglian Aiarpi , Tsang-A-Sjoe Michel , Khodadust Fatemeh , Burchell George , Jansen Gerrit , de Gruijl Tanja , Labots Mariette , van der Laken Conny J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The efficacy and off-target effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in cancer treatment vary among patients. Monocytes likely contribute to this heterogeneous response due to their crucial role in immune homeostasis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of monocytes on ICI efficacy and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with cancer. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for clinical studies from January 2000 to December 2023. Articles were included if they mentioned cancer, ICI, monocytes, or any monocyte-related terminology. Animal studies and studies where ICIs were combined with other biologics were excluded, except for studies where two ICIs were used. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023396297) prior to data extraction and analysis. Monocyte-related markers, such as absolute monocyte count (AMC), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), specific monocyte subpopulations, and m-MDSCs were assessed in relation to ICI efficacy and safety. Bayesian meta-analysis was conducted for AMC and MLR. The risk of bias assessment was done using the Cochrane-ROBINS-I tool. Out of 5787 studies identified in our search, 155 eligible studies report peripheral blood monocyte-related markers as predictors of response to ICI, and 32 of these studies describe irAEs. Overall, based on 63 studies, a high MLR was a prognostic biomarker for short progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) hazard ratio (HR): 1.5 (95% CI: 1.21–1.88) and 1.52 (95% CI:1.13–2.08), respectively. The increased percentage of classical monocytes was an unfavorable predictor of survival, while low baseline rates of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (m-MDSCs) were favorable. Elevated intermediate monocyte frequencies were associated but not significantly correlated with the development of irAEs. Baseline monocyte phenotyping may serve as a composite biomarker of response to ICI; however, more data is needed regarding irAEs. Monocyte-related variables may aid in risk assessment and treatment decision strategies for patients receiving ICI in terms of both efficacy and safety.
ChIP provides 10-fold microbial DNA enrichment from tissue while minimizing bias
Authors: Bhute Shrikant , Sanders Jon G. , Song Se Jin , Lavoie Sydney , Swafford Austin , Guccione Caitlin , Patel Lucas , Gonzalez Antonio , Rooks Michelle G. , Knight Rob , Bartko Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Host DNA depletion is a critical tool for accessing the microbiomes of samples that have a small amount of microbial DNA contained in a high host background. Of critical practical importance is the ability to identify microbial DNA sequences in frozen tissue specimens. Here, we compare four existing commercial methods and two newly introduced methods involving chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) on frozen human and pig intestinal biopsies.

Results
We find that all methods that rely on differential lysis of host and microbial cells introduce substantial biases as assessed by 16 S rRNA gene amplicon profiling. However, ChIP enables 10-fold enrichment of microbial DNA while introducing less bias, sufficient to make assessment possible against background, in both pigs and humans.

Conclusions
We recommend ChIP in situations where host depletion is important but where minimizing taxonomic bias is essential, and the MolYsis or Zymo kit for situations where host depletion level is more important than taxonomic bias.

Conclusions
We recommend ChIP in situations where host depletion is important but where minimizing taxonomic bias is essential, and the MolYsis or Zymo kit for situations where host depletion level is more important than taxonomic bias.
Seeing in Mirrors, Without Seeing-in
Authors: Marchetti Luca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Voltolini (J Aesthetics Art Criticisim, 79(3):315–327, 2021) has recently claimed that mirrors are bona fide pictures, for they are grasped via what he identifies as the defining characteristic of a picture: a certain seeing-in experience. Voltolini refines the somewhat elusive concept of seeing-in, originally described by Wollheim, and then demonstrates its applicability to mirror experience. However, in this paper, I contend that Voltolini’s improved version of seeing-in does not aptly describe the experience of viewing mirrors. In fact, according to the first aspect of Voltolini’s reconceived seeing-in, the configurational fold of a seeing-in experience must be an enriched perception of the picture’s vehicle that grasps how the vehicle’s elements are perceptually arranged. But, contra Voltolini, I argue that this does not hold true for the experience of looking at mirrors. Indeed, when looking at mirrors, we don’t perceive the configuration as an organizational structure; our visual system does not represent, even unconsciously, the properties of the mirror’s configuration as such. Mirror experience does not include an enriched perception of the picture’s vehicle; it does not grasp how the vehicle’s elements are perceptually arranged. My argument proceeds in two directions: firstly, through a phenomenological analysis of mirror experience and secondly, by corroborating these phenomenological observations with evidence from perceptual psychology. Thus, I conclude that if mirrors are to be considered bona fide pictures, it is not because they elicit a (reconceived) seeing-in experience.