bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft tissue outcomes following alveolar ridge preservation with/without primary flap closure for periodontally damaged extraction socket: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Seo Gil‐Jong , Lim Hyun‐Chang , Chung Jong‐Hyuk , Kim Gyutae , Shin Seung‐Il , Chang Dong‐Wook , Shin Seung‐Yun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe changes in soft tissue profile following alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with/without primary flap closure (PC) in periodontally damaged sockets have yet to be discovered.MethodsFor periodontally damaged non‐molar extraction sockets, ARP with PC (group PC)/without PC (group SC) was performed using granule‐type xenogeneic bone substitute material and a collagen barrier. Intraoral scans were performed at the time of ARP and 4 months thereafter. Superimposition of STL files was performed to examine tissue change on the soft tissue level. The level of mucogingival junction (MGJ) was also evaluated.ResultsA total of 28 patient (13 in group PC, 15 in group SC) completed the study. Soft tissue profile change was evaluated only when the measurement level was located on the non‐mobile tissue. Group PC tended to shrink less on the long axis of the extraction socket than group SC (−4.3 ± 3.1 mm vs. −5.9 ± 4.4 mm at the 1 mm below the pre‐extraction gingival margin, p > 0.05). Profilometric analysis (on the region of interest) also have a tendency of less tissue profile change in group PC than group SC (−1.0 ± 0.8 mm vs. −1.3 ± 0.5 mm, p > 0.05). The MGJ level change was not statistically significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05) even though the MGJ level was located more apically at 4 months in group SC compared with group PC.ConclusionsAlveolar ridge preservation with PC tended to yield less soft tissue shrinkage than ARP without PC.
Mediation effect of stroke recurrence in the association between post‐stroke interleukin‐6 and functional disability
Authors: Gu Hong‐Qiu , Yang Kai‐Xuan , Li Jie‐Jie , Lin Jin‐Xi , Jing Jing , Xiong Yun‐Yun , Zhao Xing‐Quan , Wang Yi‐Long , Liu Li‐Ping , Meng Xia , Jiang Yong , Li Hao , Wang Yong‐Jun , Li Zi‐Xiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimPost‐stroke inflammation increases the risk of functional disability through enlarged cerebral infarct size directly and follow‐up stroke event indirectly. We aimed to use post‐stroke proinflammatory cytokine interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) as a marker of inflammatory burden and quantify post‐stroke inflammation's direct and indirect effect on functional disability.MethodsWe analyzed patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to 169 hospitals in the Third China National Stroke Registry. Blood samples were collected within 24 h of admission. Stroke recurrence and functional outcome measured by the modified Rankin scale (mRS) were assessed via face‐to‐face interviews at 3 months. Functional disability was defined as an mRS score ≥2. Mediation analyses under the counterfactual framework were performed to examine the potential causal chain in which stroke recurrence may mediate the relationship between IL‐6 and functional outcome.ResultsAmong the 7053 analyzed patients, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) NIHSS score was 3 (1–5), and the median (IQR) level of IL‐6 was 2.61 (1.60–4.73) pg/mL. Stroke recurrence was observed in 458 (6.5%) patients, and functional disability was seen in 1708 (24.2%) patients at the 90‐day follow‐up. Per stand deviation (4.26 pg/mL) increase in the concentration of IL‐6 was associated with an increased risk of stroke recurrence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.09–1.29) and disability (aOR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.15–1.30) within 90 days. Mediation analyses revealed that 18.72% (95% CI, 9.26%–28.18%) of the relationship between IL‐6 and functional disability was mediated by stroke recurrence.ConclusionsStroke recurrence mediates less than 20% of the association between IL‐6 and functional outcome at 90 days among patients with acute ischemic stroke. In addition to typical secondary prevention strategies for preventing stroke recurrence, more attention should be paid to novel anti‐inflammatory therapy to improve functional outcomes directly.
@ease peer‐to‐peer youth walk‐in centres in The Netherlands: A protocol for evaluating longitudinal outcomes, follow‐up results and cost‐of‐illness
Authors: Boonstra Anouk , van Mastrigt Ghislaine A. P. G. , Evers Silvia M. A. A. , van Amelsvoort Therese A. M. J. , Leijdesdorff Sophie M. J. ,   @ease consortium
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimInnovative youth mental health services around the globe vigorously work on increasing highly needed mental health care accessibility but their service users and care effectiveness have rarely been studied. The Dutch youth walk‐in centres of @ease opened in 2018, with currently 11 locations at which free anonymous peer‐to‐peer counselling is offered to young people aged 12–25. The aim of this protocol is to outline the to‐be‐conducted research at @ease.MethodsThree studies are outlined: (1) an outcome evaluation of @ease visits using hierarchical mixed model analyses and change calculations, (2) a cost‐of‐illness study using calculations for costs of truancy and care usage among these help‐seeking young people, with regression analyses for risk group identification, and (3) a follow‐up evaluation at three, six and 12 months to assess long‐term effects after ending @ease visits. Data provided by young people include demographics, parental mental illness, truancy, past treatment, psychological distress (CORE‐10) and health‐related quality of life (EQ‐5D‐5L). Social and occupational functioning (SOFAS), suicidal ideation and need for referral are rated by the counsellors. Questionnaires are filled out at the end of every visit and at follow‐up via e‐mail or text, provided permission is given.DiscussionResearch regarding the visitors and effectiveness of the @ease services is fully original. It offers unique insights into the mental wellbeing and cost‐of‐illness of young people who may otherwise remain unseen while suffering from a high disease burden. The upcoming studies shed light on this unseen group, inform policy and practice and direct future research.
High JAK2V617F variant allele frequency is associated with coronary artery but not aortic valve calcifications in patients with Philadelphia‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Solli Camilla Nordheim , Chamat‐Hedemand Sandra , Elming Hanne , Ngo Anh , Kjær Lasse , Skov Vibe , Sørensen Anders Lindholm , Ellervik Christina , Hasselbalch Hans , Bruun Niels Eske 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Philadelphia‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have a higher burden of cardiac calcifications compared to the general population. It is not known whether the JAK2V617F mutation is associated with increased cardiac calcification.AimTo investigate if a higher JAK2V617F variant allele frequency (VAF) is associated with severe coronary atherosclerosis and the presence of aortic valve calcification (AVC).MethodsPatients with MPNs were examined by cardiac computer tomography to establish coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and AVC score. The first VAF after diagnosis was registered. Severe coronary atherosclerosis was defined as a CACS >400 and AVC was defined as an AVC score >0.ResultsAmong 161 patients, 137 were JAK2V617F mutation‐positive, with a median VAF of 26% (interquartile range 12%–52%). A VAF in the upper quartile range was associated with a CACS >400 [odds ratio (OR) 15.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.13–119.53, p = .0070], after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and MPN subtype. An association was not found for the presence of AVC (OR 2.30, 95% CI 0.47–11.33, p = 0.31).ConclusionIn patients with MPNs, there is a significant association between having a VAF in the upper quartile (>52%), and severe coronary atherosclerosis, defined as a CACS >400. The presence of AVC is not associated with VAF.
Embracing deepfakes and AI‐generated images in neuroscience research
Authors: Becker Casey , Laycock Robin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rise of deepfakes and AI‐generated images has raised concerns regarding their potential misuse. However, this commentary highlights the valuable opportunities these technologies offer for neuroscience research. Deepfakes deliver accessible, realistic and customisable dynamic face stimuli, while generative adversarial networks (GANs) can generate and modify diverse and high‐quality static content. These advancements can enhance the variability and ecological validity of research methods and enable the creation of previously unattainable stimuli. When AI‐generated images are informed by brain responses, they provide unique insights into the structure and function of visual systems. The authors argue that experimental psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists stay informed about these emerging tools and embrace their potential to advance the field of visual neuroscience.
Variation in gut microbial contribution of essential amino acids to host protein metabolism in a wild small mammal community
Authors: Besser Alexi C. , Manlick Philip J. , Blevins Christina M. , Takacs‐Vesbach Cristina D. , Newsome Seth D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerbivory is a dominant feeding strategy among animals, yet herbivores are often protein limited. The gut microbiome is hypothesized to help maintain host protein balance by provisioning essential macromolecules, but this has never been tested in wild consumers. Using amino acid carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis, we estimated the proportional contributions of essential amino acids (AAESS) synthesized by gut microbes to five co‐occurring desert rodents representing herbivorous, omnivorous and insectivorous functional groups. We found that herbivorous rodents occupying lower trophic positions (Dipodomys spp.) routed a substantial proportion (~40%–50%) of their AAESS from gut microbes, while higher trophic level omnivores (Peromyscus spp.) and insectivores (Onychomys arenicola) obtained most of their AAESS (~58%) from plant‐based energy channels but still received ~20% of their AAESS from gut microbes. These findings empirically demonstrate that gut microbes play a key functional role in host protein metabolism in wild animals.
The genomic basis and environmental correlates of local adaptation in the Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus)
Authors: Fuentes‐Pardo Angela P. , Farrell Edward D. , Pettersson Mats E. , Sprehn C. Grace , Andersson Leif 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how populations adapt to their environment is increasingly important to prevent biodiversity loss due to overexploitation and climate change. Here we studied the population structure and genetic basis of local adaptation of Atlantic horse mackerel, a commercially and ecologically important marine fish that has one of the widest distributions in the eastern Atlantic. We analyzed whole‐genome sequencing and environmental data of samples collected from the North Sea to North Africa and the western Mediterranean Sea. Our genomic approach indicated low population structure with a major split between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean and between locations north and south of mid‐Portugal. Populations from the North Sea are the most genetically distinct in the Atlantic. We discovered that most population structure patterns are driven by a few highly differentiated putatively adaptive loci. Seven loci discriminate the North Sea, two the Mediterranean Sea, and a large putative inversion (9.9 Mb) on chromosome 21 underlines the north–south divide and distinguishes North Africa. A genome–environment association analysis indicates that mean seawater temperature and temperature range, or factors correlated to them, are likely the main environmental drivers of local adaptation. Our genomic data broadly support the current stock divisions, but highlight areas of potential mixing, which require further investigation. Moreover, we demonstrate that as few as 17 highly informative SNPs can genetically discriminate the North Sea and North African samples from neighboring populations. Our study highlights the importance of both, life history and climate‐related selective pressures in shaping population structure patterns in marine fish. It also supports that chromosomal rearrangements play a key role in local adaptation with gene flow. This study provides the basis for more accurate delineation of the horse mackerel stocks and paves the way for improving stock assessments.
Key forces compelling the monitoring of hospital performance: An exploratory study
Authors: Kelly Rosemarie , O'Donohoe Sheila , Doyle Gerardine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPerformance management in the public sector is both multifaceted and convoluted. This is particularly pertinent in hospitals, which are complex institutional organizations. Our paper explores the key drivers compelling Irish public acute‐care hospitals to monitor their performance. The context of our study is located against the unique historical backdrop of the Irish health service, whose evolution over time reflects religious control, underfunding by the State and reliance on a decentralized structure up until the early 2000s. This study was conducted during 2009–2010, in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2008–2009. Interviews were conducted with members of the hospital executive management team, comprising clinical and nonclinical senior managers, using the framework of Kelly et al. (2015) to explore and analyze respondent perspectives. We propose that a combination of key forces, emanating from new public management, the institutional environment, and its constituent elements spurs hospitals to monitor their performance. The confluence of these forces reveals a perceived change in the institutional logic underpinning hospital performance management. This change involved the substitution of autonomous clinical decision‐making for a more team‐based managerial logic whereby clinicians engaged as part of a multidisciplinary executive unit and accepted responsibility for hospital performance. This paper contributes to the literature on performance management in public services and, more specifically, builds on and addresses the paucity of research on Irish acute‐care hospitals.
Researching what we practice—The paradigm of systemic family research: Part 1
Authors: Lorås Lennart , Whittaker Kristoffer , Stokkebekk Jan , Tilden Terje 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis is part 1 of two articles that focus on the ideological and philosophical preference regarding how to relate to and conduct research in the field of systemic couple and family therapy. Thus, this article outlines the theoretical groundwork for part 2 of “Researching what we practice” in the same journal. Research in certain areas of systemic couple and family therapy (CFT), such as that influenced by social constructionism and postmodernism, has a different epistemological tradition than in the natural sciences. Thus, only research from a narrow, selected spectrum of epistemologies has been incorporated as a key source in the knowledge base of systemic CFT. The consequence is that the field of postmodern systemic CFT risks promoting only a limited range of research designs and knowledge while excluding other designs and knowledge types, reasoning that these are less useful in clinical practice. The rationale behind this perspective is derived from ideology and philosophy rather than scientific criteria. Accordingly, in our field of study, different epistemological perspectives are easily viewed as dichotomous, thus causing professional gaps in our field. This tendency constrains the mutual exchange and development that are needed. We present a possible way out of this dichotomized deadlock, first and foremost by acknowledging – and encouraging the use of – the great variety and breadth of existing research and knowledge. Referring to the guiding principles of evidence‐based practice, we argue that this would endow the systemic CFT therapist and researcher with a greater knowledge base and range of research methodologies. This could help improve the quality of treatment provided to our clients and enhance the legitimacy of postmodern systemic CFT as a branch of psychotherapy.
Are high marriage expenses delaying age at first marriage? Evidence from Chinese rural migrant men
Authors: Jin Xiaoyi , Teng Jiaxuan , Duan Zhuqing , Sun Beibei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of the paper is to discover the dynamic features of rural men's age at first marriage, and to explore impacts of marriage expenses on men's age at first marriage in rural China amid a rapid urbanization and sociodemographic transition.BackgroundGiven the rapid urbanization and sociodemographic transition, changes in rural men's marriage timing and its influencing mechanism in China are emerging but remain under examined.MethodThe data were collected by the New Urbanization and Sustainable Development research group from Xi'an Jiaotong University in 2018 (n = 1,391). Regression models were used to explore the influence of men's marriage expenses and regional economic factors on their age at first marriage.ResultsThe relationship between squared total marriage expenses of rural migrant men and their age at first marriage shows as a U‐shaped curve. Conjugal matching, family, premarital migration, and regional economy play important roles for rural men entering their first marriages.ConclusionCompared with the age‐appropriate married men, the early and late married men tend to have higher marriage expenses. Men with more economic resources are capable of seizing high‐qualified women at a younger age, whereas men with less economic resources need to pay more for their first marriage at an older age. Fathers' lower social class and regional economy significantly delay men's age at first marriage.ImplicationsThis study reveals marriage expense is another important factor influencing men's first marriage entry in rural China and provides a clue to solve difficulties of rural men getting married, especially in societies with ongoing rapid urbanization and sociodemographic transition.
Melatonin ameliorates sleep–wake disturbances and autism‐like behaviors in the Ctnnd2 knock out mouse model of autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Xu Man , Wang Luyi , Wang Yan , Deng Jing , Wang Xiaoya , Wang Feifei , Pan Sen , Zhao Yu , Liao Ailing , Wang Xiaoqing , Chen Di , Shen Jingjing , Yang Feng , Li Yingbo , Wang Shali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical patterns of social interaction and communication, as well as restrictive and repetitive behaviors. In addition, patients with ASD often presents with sleep disturbances. Delta (δ) catenin protein 2 (CTNND2) encodes δ‐catenin protein, a neuron‐specific catenin implicated in many complex neuropsychiatric diseases. Our previous study demonstrated that the deletion of Ctnnd2 in mice led to autism‐like behaviors. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the effects of Ctnnd2 deletion on sleep in mice. In this study, we investigated whether the knockout (KO) of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene could induce sleep–wake disorders in mice and identified the effects of oral melatonin (MT) supplementation on Ctnnd2 KO mice. Our results demonstrated that the Ctnnd2 KO mice exhibited ASD‐like behaviors and sleep–wake disorders that were partially attenuated by MT supplementation. Overall, our current study is the first to identify that knockdown of Ctnnd2 gene could induce sleep–wake disorders in mice and suggests that treatment of sleep–wake disturbances by MT may benefit to autism‐like behaviors causing by Ctnnd2 gene deletion.
Dry‐matter production and botanical composition of multispecies and perennial ryegrass swards under varying defoliation management
Authors: Baker Shona , Lynch Mary B. , Godwin Fionnuala , Brennan Eugene , Boland Tommy M. , Evans Alexander C. O. , Kelly Alan K. , Sheridan Helen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultispecies swards, comprised of different plant functional groups have comparable production potential to high N input L. perenne swards at reduced N when legumes are included. However, information on the appropriate management of multispecies swards is limited. The effect of differing management practices on the herbage dry‐matter (DM) production and botanical composition of different sward types was investigated using a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design plot experiment. The experiment consisted of three sward types: L. perenne‐only receiving (LP; 250 kg N ha−1 a−1); L. perenne‐Trifolium repens (LP‐TR); multispecies sward containing L. perenne, Phleum pratense, Trifolium repens, Trifolium pratense, Plantago lanceolata and Cichorium intybus (MSS). LP‐TR and MSS received 90 kg N ha−1 a−1. Harvesting of plot herbage took place every 21 or 28 days to a defoliation height of 4 or 6 cm, over two growing seasons (March to November 2020 and 2021 inclusive). Annual herbage produced by both LP and LP‐TR was not significantly affected by defoliation frequency. However, MSS produced 1923 kg DM ha−1 a−1 more herbage when harvested less frequently. Unsown species contributed significantly less to the herbage DM of MSS compared to LP and LP‐TR and remained similar in 2020 and 2021, whereas the contribution of unsown species to herbage DM increased in LP and LP‐TR from 2020 to 2021, with noxious species more associated with LP and LP‐TR than MSS. Results demonstrate the role of multispecies swards in improving the sustainability of grass‐based agricultural systems in an environment of reduced fertilizer inputs.
Beyond migration? Alternative articulations of transnational religious networks
Authors: Chen Ningning , Dean Kenneth , Kuah Khun Eng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA growing body of scholarship on transnational religion is grounded within the analytical framework of the religion–migration relationship and has highlighted migrant individuals and groups as main players in forging religious networking. This ignores a wide range of alternative drivers that are forceful in the (re)making of transnational religious networks. In this introduction of the special issue, we therefore open a collection of nine articles which contribute to alternative articulations of transnational religious networks. In particular, our contributors introduce three alternative drivers – ideas, institutions and digital technologies – in (re)producing religious mobilities, connections and networks across nation borders. At the same time, they offer fascinating insights into the diversified ways alternative actors and channels weave together religious migrants’ imaginations, practices and experiences, formulating new, complex forms of religious (re)production in a transnational world. This special issue also highlights the creativity, flexibility and vitality of Asian religions in the 21st century modernity.
Parabureaucracy: The case of Mexico's “Servants of the Nation”
Authors: González‐Vázquez Alejandro , Nieto‐Morales Fernando , Peeters Rik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the context of limited state capacity and a politicized public administration, democratic backsliding tends to exploit preexisting deficiencies in the functioning of the public sector. Whereas staffing managerial positions with regime supporters is well‐documented, less attention has been paid to the structuring and staffing of street‐level bureaucracies under a spoils system. In this article, we use document analysis and in‐depth interviews to analyze the case of Mexico's “Servants of the Nation” —a group of more than 19,000 former party members and sympathizers hired by the government to perform street‐level tasks— as an example of “parabureaucracy”: an auxiliary street‐level organization designed to perform a wide variety of tasks directly related to the executive's political agenda. We argue that parabureaucracies are designed to sideline formal administrative command structures for the benefit of the government in power but may also serve as a means to bypass stifled and dysfunctional traditional bureaucracies.