bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of In Vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Carbazole and its
Derivative From 2014 to 2022
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Sharma Shalini , Nirmal Puneet 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
A large number of antibiotics are easily accessible for the treatment of various micro-bial infections. However, antibiotic resistance has become a major concern to public health across the globe. Carbazole derivatives are present in carbazomycins, an unprecedented class of antibiotics showing potential antibacterial activities. As reported in the literature, carbazole de-rivatives also possess significant antimicrobial activities against bacterial resistance, such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The antimicrobial profile of carbazole derivatives has been achieved through various bacterial pathways. Carbazole hybrids based on the multi-target direct ligand (MTDL) approach were also extensively studied as they exhibited significant antibacterial activities. This article reviews antimicrobial potential, docking analysis, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of carbazole and its derivatives against tested bacterial strains from 2014 to 2022. This review can also be helpful for investigators in the de-sign and development of new molecules based on carbazole structure against various resistant bacterial infections.
Characterization and In-vitro Study of Micro-encapsulation Chitosan
Alginate of Single-bulb Garlic Extract
Authors: Lestari Sri Rahayu , Gofur Abdul , Hartatiek Dra. , Annisa Yuslinda , Ramadhani Dimas Nur , Rahma Amalia Nur , Aisyah Dahniar Nur , Mufidah Ikfi Nihayatul , Dini Rifqi Nadiya 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Single-bulb garlic extract (SBGE) contains more active compounds than regular
garlic, but it is unstable and easily degraded in the digestive tract. SBGE is expected to be protected
by microencapsulation chitosan-alginate (MCA).

Objective:
The present study aimed to characterize and assess the antioxidant activity, hemocompatibility,
and toxicity of MCA-SBGE in 3T3-L1 cells.

Methods:
The research procedures consist of extraction of single bulb garlic, preparation of MCASBGE,
Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), FTIR analysis, DPPH assay, hemocompatibility test, and MTT
assay.

Results:
The average size of MCA-SGBE was 423.7 ± 2.8 nm, the polydispersity index (PdI) was 0.446
± 0.022, and the zeta potential was -24.5 ± 0.4 mV. MCA-SGBE was spherical with a diameter range of
0.65-0.9 μm. A shift in absorption and addition of functional groups was found in SBGE after encapsulation.
MCA-SBGE, at a concentration of 24 x 103 ppm, has higher antioxidants than SBGE. The hemocompatibility
test shows the hemolysis of MCA-SBGE lower than SBGE. MCA-SBGE was not toxic to
3T3-L1 cells with cell viability percentage above 100% at all concentrations.

Conclusion:
MCA-SBGE characterization has microparticle criteria with homogeneous PdI values, low
particle stability, and spherical morphology. The results showed that SBGE and MCA-SBGE are nonhemolytic,
compatible with red blood cells, and non-toxic to 3T3-L1 cells.
Agricultural and Veterinary Pesticides Residues in Human Food
Authors: Khattabi Latifa , Mokhtari Moussa , Bouhenna Mustapha Mounir , Fellak Ahmed , Abu-Mustapha Mohamed , Akkal Saleh , Sellam Feriel 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Expanding utilization of pesticides can provoke serious issues due to their biomagnification and persistent nature. Eventual contamination of fresh daily-consumed food by pesticide
constitutes a human food security problem.

Methods:
The present investigation planned to check out whether the most hazardous pesticides could be
found in a varied collection of wheat, vegetables and fruit, on the other hand, we attempted to know if
some banned and no more commercialized pesticides could be even detected. Effectively, we have chosen
to analyze wheat, potato, tomato, apple, peach and grape, so, after the extraction procedure of pesticides,
we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify some hazardous compounds (organochlorines and organophosphorus). These compounds were used as standards to generate calibration
curves and estimate precisely their concentration in the tested samples using selected ion monitoring
(SIM) mode.

Results:
The results have shown the presence of an important quantity of pesticides that are no more used
(banned) for decades for agriculture purposes but they are still used as veterinary drugs, such as lindane
(0.2 ppm grape, 0.32 ppm tomato) and fenchlorphos (0.5 ppm grape).

Conclusion:
This survey should be routinely executed by scientists and concerned authorities to control
pesticides circulation with their exact amounts in food and other environmental matrices as well as eventual contamination with another toxic element.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Literasi Konten Kearifan Lokal pada Materi Asam dan Basa
Authors: Saputri Febri , Laksono Endang Widjajanti 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan: (1) menghasilkan produk Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) materi asam basa yang mengacu pada model pembelajaran Student Team Achievement Divission (STAD) berbasis literasi konten kearifan lokal sesuai dengan kekhasan yang dibuat; (2) mengetahui kelayakan LKPD yang dihasilkan berdasarkan penilaian lima guru kimia SMA; (3) mengetahui respon peserta didik terhadap produk melalui uji keterbacaan oleh peserta didik. Prosedur pengembangan mengacu pada model pengembangan 4D. Tahap yang dilakukan antara lain: (1) Define (pendefinisian); (2) Design (perancangan); (3) Development (pengembangan); (4) Disseminate (penyebaran). Hasil validasi oleh dosen ahli pembelajaran kimia LKPD ini layak digunakan setelah direvisi berdasarkan saran penilai. Hasil penilaian kualitas produk LKPD oleh reviewer memperoleh persentase keidealan 88,00% dan hasil uji keterbacaan oleh peserta didik memperoleh persentase keidealan sebesar 83,31%, sehingga secara keseluruhan LKPD ini layak digunakan pada pembelajaran kimia.Kata Kunci: LKPD, STAD, literasi, kearifan lokal, asam basa.
Specialized Content Knowledge Lower Secondary School Teachers on Quadrilaterals
Authors: Pagiling Sadrack Luden , Nur'aini Khumaeroh Dwi 
Published: June 2023

The teachers' knowledge of specific content has a positive relationship with the students' mathematics achievement. Mathematics teachers must have an appropriate level to ensure mathematics learning effectively. The quadrilateral is one of the essential contents in geometry. However, many teachers did not successfully deliver and teach this content in classroom instruction. Therefore, this qualitative study explores the specialized content knowledge of lower secondary teachers in defining and classifying quadrilaterals. Four teachers, two male and two female teachers, were recruited to become participants in this work. All participants have similar teaching experience and do not hold an educator certificate. A test and semi-structured interviews were assigned to obtain specialized content knowledge of the teachers on quadrilaterals. The interview data were analyzed in three stages: data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that only one teacher understands hierarchically in defining and classifying quadrilaterals, two teachers are at the partial prototype level because they cannot see the hierarchical relationship between the quadrilaterals, and another teacher is at the prototype understanding level because it relies on the prototype of quadrilaterals' shape. These findings suggest that lower secondary teachers' special content knowledge of quadrilateral needs to be strengthened through workshops and training professional development.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbasis Kontekstual
Authors: Mahmudi Ali , Sugiman Sugiman , Hernawati Kuswari , Lestari Himmawati Puji 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar matematika berbasis kontekstual yang valid, praktis, dan efektif dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri atas lima langkah pengembangan, yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Pengembangan bahan ajar ini penting untuk memfasilitas siswa dalam membangun pemahaman dan kebermaknaan dalam belajar matematika yang terjadi ketika siswa memahami keterkaitan antara suatu pengetahuan dengan pengetahuan lain atau dengan konteks kehidupan sehari-hari. Pembelajaran kontekstual dilaksanakan dengan strategi REACT yang terdiri atas lima aktivitas produktif, yaitu relating (mengaitkan materi pembelajaran dengan konteks), experiencing (melakukan eksplorasi untuk menemukan konsep atau pengetahuan), applying (menerapkan pengetahuan yang telah dikonstruksi), cooperating (bekerjasama untuk menyelesaikan masalah), dan transferring (menerapkan pengetahuan pada situasi atau masalah baru). Struktur penyajian bahan ajar ini diawali dengan penyajian konteks atau masalah yang sesuai dengan suatu konsep. Pemahaman dan penyelesaian terhadap masalah tersebut dijadikan dasar untuk membahas konsep-konsep matematis. Bahan ajar juga dilengkapi dengan berbagai soal-soal latihan yang berupa masalah kontekstual untuk memfasilitasi siswa untuk mengaplikasikan konsep. Insrumen penelitian ini adalah lembar kevalidan bahan ajar, angket kepraktisan bahan ajar, angket respon siswa terhadap bahan ajar, dan tes hasil belajar matematika. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar matematika berbasis kontekstual yang valid, efektif, dan praktis.Development of contextual mathematics teaching material AbstractThis development research aims to develop mathematics contextual teaching materials that are valid, practical, and effective with the ADDIE development model consisting of five development steps, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The development of the teaching materials is important to facilitate students in building meaningfulness in learning mathematics. Meaningfulness can be obtained when students understand the relationship between concepts with other concepts and with the context in everyday life. Contextual learning is implemented with a REACT strategy consisting of five productive activities: relating, experiencing, applying, cooperating and transferring. The structure of contextual-based mathematical teaching materials begins with an exploration of the context or problem as a basis for constructing a mathematical concept. Teaching materials are also equipped with various problems of contextual problem solving as a concept application that has been constructed. The instrument of this research is the validation sheet, the instrument of the practicality of the teaching materials, the questionnaire of the students’ response to the teaching materials and the test of achievement. The results of this study are mathematics contextual materials that are valid, effective and practical.
NEED OF INTEGRATION OF COURSE ON MEDICAL DEVICES IN UNDERGRADUATE PHARMACY CURRICULUM
Authors: Kaur Sukhpreet 
Published: June 2023

Medical Devices are becoming indispensable part of Indian healthcare sector. Medical Devices are multi-product sector which includes various products such as implants, consumables, IVD reagents. The market of medical devices is growing tremendously but India mainly relies on imports of these devices. Indian Government has announced Promotion of Medical Devices Parks. This will encourage setting of Med Tech Industry in India. But, India has short fall of skilled manpower to work in Med Tech Industries. Pharmacists are the main authority involved in procurement and sale of these medical devices. The current curriculums of B. Pharmacy does not include Medical Devices. A course on Medical Devices should be included in curriculum. Faculty experts in pharmaceutical sciences and regulatory officers are of the view that study of medical devices should be made a mandatory discipline for all pharmacy courses approved by the Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) because, like medicines and other health technologies, these devices are also necessary for patient care. Equipping pharmacist with knowledge will benefit the pharmacist as well as improve patient care. Moreover, this will open a new avenue of jobs for the pharmacist.
ANALISIS KINERJA PRODUKSI DAN NILAI TAMBAH AGROINDUSTRI KERIPIK SINGKONG DI KELURAHAN GANJAR ASRI KECAMATAN METRO BARAT KOTA METRO
Authors: Ariska Tika , Haryono Dwi , Marlina Lina 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the production performance and added value of cassava chips agroindustry in Ganjar Asri Village, West Metro District of Metro City. Respondents of this study are the owners of agro-industry cassava chips. Data were collected from March to April 2021. The analytical methods used are quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis and Hayami’s Value-Added Analysis. The results show that the procurement of raw materials with six components, namely the time and place of both agroindustries is not correct, while the components of price, type, quality, and quantity are right. The production performance of both agroindustries, on indicators of productivity, production capacity, quality, delivery speed, and process speed are appropriate, and flexibility indicators can not be said to be good because the flexibility of both agroindustries has not been optimal. Agroindustry cassava chips provide an added value greater than zero NT > 0 or positive, so both agroindustries are worth to be developed. The marketing channels carried out by both cassava chip agroindustries are producers - retailers – consumers. Keywords: added value, agroindustry, cassava, marketing.
ANALISIS PREFERENSI, POLA KONSUMSI, DAN PERMINTAAN BERAS TINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Pane Paula Shintia Marbela , Prasmatiwi Fembriarti Erry , Situmorang Suriaty 
Published: June 2023

As many as 98% of Indonesians eat rice so that the demand for rice is very high and causes various preferences and patterns of rice consumption of consumers. This study uses a survey method by conducting direct interviews with 70 households in Bandar Lampung City. Data analysis tool uses conjoint, descriptive quantitative analysis, and multiple linear regressions. The results showed that most of the households consisted of 4-5 people, with an average income of IDR 3,971,429 per month. Household priorities on rice attributes respectively are rice texture, rice price, rice color, and rice aroma. Bandar Lampung City households like rice that is fluffy cooked rice, the price of rice ranges from IDR 9,000 to IDR 9,500, the color of white rice is clean, and the rice does not produce flavorful rice. Most of the households buy random types of rice in traditional markets with a purchase frequency of 1-4 times a month with a size of 10 kg per pack with an average purchase of 23.91 kg/month. Seventy percent of households eat rice 3 times a day and 30% eat rice 2 times a day. Households that only eat rice 2 times/day usually replace rice with substitute foods such as instant noodles, bread, market snacks, and others. The factors affecting household rice demand are instant noodles, fish prices, and the number of household members. Instant noodles are a substitute for rice, while fish, eggs, and Tempeh are complementary food of rice. Key words: preference, consumption pattern, rice demand
Stability of palatal rugae after orthodontic/orthopaedic expansion: a scoping review
Authors: Tey Sock Nee , Lin Yen Ming , Mohamed Alizae Marny Fadzlin Syed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The palatal rugae are connective tissue located in the anterior third of the hard palate and present asymmetrically on each side of the palatine raphe. The stability and individualistic features of the palatal rugae have been suggested as an alternative human identification method in forensic medicine. However, there are different views about the tissue’s stability and reliability in individuals undergoing orthodontic expansion, as the palatal mucosa is stretched which likely alters palatal rugal morphology. The present review aims to summarise the available evidence regarding the stability of the palatal rugae after orthodontic expansion.

Method
Following the PRISMA-Scr guidelines, an extensive search was conducted using three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). Only studies that had control groups were included to allow for comparison.

Results
A total of six studies were identified. One report did not mention the type of expansion used, another used slow maxillary expansion (SME), and the other four used rapid maxillary expansion (RME). The results related to rugal length, morphological shape, and root mean square were inconclusive, likely because of data heterogeneity in expansion mechanics, the age of inclusion, and measurement outcomes.

Conclusion
More high-quality research is needed to substantiate the importance of palatal rugae in forensic medicine.
What are the rules for the reimbursement of electricity tax used to charge electric cars in Denmark, Sweden, and Germany?1
Authors: Thygesen Jette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In Denmark, the rules on the reimbursement of electricity charges for charging electric cars have been introduced under the provisions of Act No. 1353 of December 21, 2012. Contrary to custom, the rules have not been introduced into the Electricity Tax Act itself, but are only laid down in the Special Act. However, the fact that the rules have given rise to problems of interpretation is due not only to the unusual way in which they were introduced, but also to the ambiguities caused by the legal text itself, and to the way in which the Danish tax authorities administer the rules.
In this article I will highlight some of the areas where the rules have caused—and continue to cause—problems of interpretation. I will therefore highlight requirements for changing stations; interpretation of the company’s bill and risk; the supply of electricity to the charging point; and the correlation between the reimbursement rule and the electric heating rules, the renewable energy rules, the Danish Value Added Tax Act, and the European internal market rules.
In addition, I will explain the rules for the reimbursement of electricity tax for charging electric cars in Sweden and Germany.
Finally, I shall examine the possibility of support for the installation of charging points in the three countries.
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in School-going Adolescents between 13 and 17 Years
Authors: Pinzon Gutierrez Claudia Maria , Tobón Borrero Luz Myriam , Navarro Toro Claudia Ines 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Some authors have been able to determine that cardiovascular disease has its origins in early life stages and that the risk of suffering them is determined by the effect associated with exposure to cardiovascular risk factors over a long time, all of which produce a negative effect on the quality of life. Objective: We aimed to identify cardiovascular risk factors in schooled adolescents within public institutions of education in Villavicencio. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, prospective, observational study developed in eight high schools with children between 13 and 17 years old. A written standardised survey was applied (questionnaire type), which was auto-administered from the instrument denominated Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) of the World Health Organisation (WHO). The modules were physical activity, eating behaviour, and drugs and alcohol consumption. In addition, the researchers took measures of weight, size, waist circumference, blood pressure and blood tests to measure total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides and glucose, with each student’s informed consent and that of his or her guardian. Statistics used were: average, standard deviation, interquartile ranges, proportions, Chi-square, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 1 504 students were analysed. Age and physical activity were not significantly associated with cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: The results allow us to establish that the predominant risk factors for cardiovascular disease in young adolescents between 13 and 17 years old school in high school in Villavicencio are: smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and family antecedents (such as precursor pathologies and chronic renal insufficiency), the latter with a risk opportunity of 15.5 times of having cardiovascular disease in this population group.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Desa Ulak Kembahang II Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Keluarga Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Batik Jumputan Palembang
Authors: Suhel Suhel , Melliny Vinny Dwi , Nailis Welly , Darmawahyuni Annisa , Yuniarti Emylia , Gustriani Gustriani 
Published: June 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di Desa Ulak Kembahang II pada tanggal 20-22 Juli 2022 bertujuan untuk pemberdayaan manusia, potensi bisnis dan pelestarian budaya melalui pelatihan pembuatan batik Jumputan Palembang. Tujuan jangka panjang dari kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah pemberdayaan secara ber kelanjutan sehingga peserta memiliki keahlian yang nantinya dapat menjadi sumber pendapatan tambahan dan dapat juga alokasi waktu akan lebih produktif. Kegiatan ini diharapkan menjadi penggagas kegiatan pemberdayaan penderita Desa Ulak Kembahang II, serta pelestarian budaya melalui kain batik Jumputan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pelatihan pengabdian tersebut yaitu adanya pemahaman yang baik dalam pelatihan kewirausahan sebesar 92.12%. Pelatihan kewirausahaan dibagi menjadi empat sub tema yaitu konsep kewirausahaan, Business Plan, Aspek pemasaran dan analisis lingkungan usaha dan peluang usaha. Peserta pelatihan teknis pembuatan kain jumputan adalah ibu-ibu pengurus PKK, karang taruna dan perwakilan pengrajin songket.
Penyuluhan Manajemen Usaha Pada BUMDes Sebagai Penggerak Ekonomi Desa Di Desa Mesanggok Kecamatan Gerung, Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Salmah Emi , Agustiani Eka , Astuti Endang , Saripta Wijimulawiani Baiq , Handayani Tuti 
Published: June 2023

Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Desa Mesanggok ini, adalah untuk; 1). Membantu pengurus dan anggota BUMDes dalam penyusunan administrasi keuangan. 2). Membantu mengembangan usaha BUMDes agar dapat menggerakkan ekonomi dan memanfaatkan potensi yang dimiliki oleh desa. Dari kegiatan ini diharapkan timbul kesadaran dari para pengurus dan anggota BUMDes dalam membuat administrasi keuangan, untuk meningktakan dan mau mengembangkan usahanya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dalam bentuk ceramah yang dilanjutkan dengan diskusi (Tanya jawab) secara interaktif untuk mempertajam pokok permasalahan yang disampaikan, yang dipandu oleh tim pengabdian. Pengurus dan anggota BUMDes di Desa Mesanggok sangat bersemangat / antusias dan mendukung kegiatan penyuluhan dan bimbingan dengan pokok bahasan sebagaimana yang disampaikan oleh Tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Mataram, hal ini dilihat dari proses diskusi yang berlangsung. Kegiatan penyuluhan telah memberikan hasil dengan bertambahnya pengetahuan dan wawasan mereka tentang bagaimana cara supaya BUMDes tidak gagal, bagaimana cara supaya BUMDes maju dengan memanfaatkan potensi desa, sehingga roda perekonomian di desa berjalan, bagaimana cara pemasaran produk BUMDes dan mendapatkan pengetahuan bagaimana cara mengelola keuangan. BUMDes Beriuq Makmur di Desa Mesanggok sudah terbentuk sejak Tahun 2017. BUMDes ini bergerak dalam berbagai usaha antara lain: pipa air minum ( mengalirkan air ke warga, kios ATK ( di teras kantor desa ), membuka Unit Brilink dan bank sampah. Usaha usaha ini belum banyak memberikan hasil, karena masih kurangnya admistrasi keuangan dan pengurus masih mendua tidak fokus pada BUMDes, karena ada pekerjaan lain. Penyuluhan seperti ini perlu terus ditingktakan dan dikembangkan kearah yang lebih kreatif dan inovatif, sehingga masyarakat umum dan khususnya pengurus BUMDes dapat meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengetahuannya mengenai tata kelola BUMDes, yang berdampak pada berkembanganya usaha BUMDes yang bisa menggerakkan ekonomi desa dan meningkatan pendapatan masyarakat.
Kata kunci: Menggerakkan Ekonomi Desa, BUMDes, Desa Mesanggok