bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro physio and biochemical characterization of salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
Authors: Thamodharan G , Mathankumar P. , Veeramani T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Salt stress induces oxidative damage to the cell by synthesizing reactive oxygen species. Salt-tolerant plants are potentially equipped with some defense mechanisms, such as enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidant properties. We attempted to characterize the physiochemical properties of the callus to select promising lines of rice at the cellular level under artificial salt stress induced by NaCl in vitro. In this study, we report the highest (19%) embryogenic callus induction frequency in CO 46 at higher NaCl stress (150 mM NaCl). Concerning the relative growth rate of the callus, we observed the highest RGE in BPT5204 and TRY1 suggesting that these could maintain a higher water potential and a fresh mass of the callus to survive salt stress. The genotype TRY 1 had the highest regeneration frequency (35%) in control (0 mM NaCl), but a significant reduction in RF (66%) was observed at 150 mM salt stress. The genotypes CO 50, CR 1009, and BPT-5204 registered the lowest regeneration frequency (6.7%) and produced a moderate number of shoots. Concerning the proline content high proline content in both the tolerant (BPT-5204) and sensitive (CO-46) cultivars was observed. Our result provided unique insight into the anti-oxidant properties of callus culture in rice. The anti-oxidative enzyme activities had increased progressively with increasing NaCl concentration in the medium. Genotypes BPT-5204 and TRY1 had a significant level of enzyme activities even at the highest NaCl treatments. Among the six genotypes, BPT-5204 and TRY1 were better in their performance with respect to the above parameters, which showed the physiological and biochemical homeostasis of the genotypes to salt stress.
Privacy Preservation Models for the Independent Data Release of High-Dimensional Datasets
Authors: Riyana Surapon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A major challenge is when datasets are released to utilize in the outside scope of data-collecting organizations, it is how to balance data utilities and data privacies. To achieve this aim in data collection (datasets), there are several privacy preservation models that have been proposed such as k-Anonymity and l-Diversity. Unfortunately, these privacy preservation models can be sufficient to address privacy violation issues in datasets that do not have high-dimensional attributes. For this reason, a privacy preservation model, LKC-Privacy, can address privacy violation issues in high-dimensional datasets to be proposed. With this privacy preservation model, datasets cannot have any concern of privacy violation issues when all L-size distinct quasi-identifier values are distorted (suppressed or generalized) to be at least K indistinguishable tuples. Moreover, every protected sensitive value relates to each group of indistinguishable quasi-identifier values, it must have the confidence of re-identifications to be at most C. Although LKC-Privacy is more efficient and effective than k-Anonymity and l-Diversity, it is generally efficient and effective to address privacy violation issues in location-based datasets. Moreover, we see that datasets satisfy LKC-Privacy constraints, they still have privacy violation issues from using data comparison attacks and they further have data utility issues that must be addressed. Therefore, a new privacy preservation model can address privacy violation issues in high-dimensional datasets such that its satiable released datasets do not have any concern of privacy violation issues from using data comparison attacks and are highly efficient and effective in data maintenance to be proposed in this work. Furthermore, we show that the proposed model is more efficient and effective by using extensive experiments.
MAT: An improved Swin Transformer model for counting cultured fish
Authors: Du Rongxiang , Li Yachao , Wang Zhiyong , Xu Chen , Li Daoliang , Chen Yingyi , Li Wensheng , Liu Chunhong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The accurate and automatic counting of cultured fish becomes increasingly important in achieving efficient production management with the expansion of the scale of aquaculture. This study proposed a cultured fish counting model (MAT) based on Multi-column dilated convolution, Attention mechanism and swin Transformer to address the problem of low counting accuracy brought on by high stocking density and complicated environment. The MAT model contains two components: the feature extraction module and the attention module. The feature extraction module is a pyramid-like structured network based on the Swin Transformer block which can integrate feature information from various scales and use patch expanding to accomplish upsampling. The attention module consists of three parallel sets of dilated convolutional blocks in different size and a residual attention structure which are used to extract more critical information from images and generate high-quality density maps. The experimental results showed that the counting accuracy of MAT on the cultured fish dataset was 97.57%, and its mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) were 2.09 and 2.38, respectively. Compared to MCNN and CSRnet, the counting accuracy of the MAT model was improved by 4.48% and 1.22%; MAE lowered by 63.5% and 32.8%; RMSE decreased by 63.5% and 32.8%. Additionally, the density maps generated by MAT were more refined. The proposed model was thus proved to have a high counting accuracy and produced high-quality density maps which can effectively estimate the spatial distribution, regional state and specific location of the fish population.
RNA m6A methylation regulator-mediated modification patterns and tumor microenvironment characterization in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yan Zongcai , Qin Zhenhua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background Mounting evidence has emphasized the relationship between RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification and tumor immune regulation. However, the impact of m6A alteration on the characteristics of tumorigenicity, progression, and tumor microenvironment remains to be revealed. Methods In this study, we used a consensus clustering approach to discover m6A modification patterns utilizing 26 m6A regulators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The ssGSEA algorithm was used to quantify the relative abundance of various immune cells. The Cox regression model with LASSO was performed to construct a multi-gene signature, which was subsequently tested in different HCC cohorts as well as a pan-cancer immunotherapy dataset. Results Two distinct m6A modification subtypes were identified, which were correlated to different clinical outcomes and signaling pathways. Analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed that the m6A-C1 had a high proportion of activated CD8+T cells, effector memory CD8+T cells, and a longer survival time. The m6A-C2 was characterized by a relatively high proportion of activated CD4+T cells, type 2 T helper cells, with relatively poor survival. A seven-gene signature was established to assess the risk score of individual patients. Patients in the low-risk group had a higher immunophenoscore and a favorable prognosis. The TIDE score was significantly elevated in the high-risk group, with relatively poor survival. A multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk score was an independent prognostic indicator for assessing overall survival. Conclusions This study emphasizes that m6A methylation modification is significantly related to the progression of HCC and the diversity and complexity of TME. Evaluating the characteristics of m6A modification patterns in individual patients may help to understand the response of HCC to checkpoint immunotherapy and guide personalized immunotherapy strategies for the treatment of HCC.
The Role of Stormwater Best Management Practices in Controlling Waterborne Diseases Across Florida with Special Attention to Environmental Justice
Authors: Kamanmalek Sara , Alamdari Nasrin , Blunt Brenda , Hammond Davyda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There has been a growing concern about waterborne disease prevalence, especially in underserved communities. Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) can control surface runoff, and improve water quality by restoring the pre-development hydrologic cycle while providing social, economic, and health benefits. Although stormwater BMPs have been proven to effectively impact runoff quantity and quality, their effectiveness in waterborne disease reduction has not been investigated. In this study, we quantified for the first time the impact of BMPs on reducing waterborne diseases in underserved communities. We developed a geographic information system (GIS) – based framework to create multi-metric vulnerability indices identifying counties’ susceptibility to waterborne diseases considering environmental justice (race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) and at-risk age groups (under 5 and over 74) in Florida. The most vulnerable counties were then investigated for disease reduction by stormwater BMP implementation. Our findings indicated disproportionate occurrences of waterborne diseases in communities with higher minorities (Hispanics and Nonwhites), at-risk age groups, and low-income populations. Among evaluated BMPs, wetland basin, porous pavement, and retention pond were the most efficient in reducing cases of waterborne diseases with over 80% efficiency. Our findings demonstrate the need for stormwater BMPs that take socioeconomic status and racial diversity into account.
Research and Implementation of Three-Dimensional Spatial Information Characterization and Visualization of Fractures in Deteriorated Sandstone
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhong Wenwu , Li Tao , Fei Zheng , Wang Zelin , Jiang Lijun , Lang Lin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Primary fractures have significant impacts on the stability of surrounding rock in underground projects. Therefore, it is vital to find a solution for the problem of how to perform non-destructive detecting of rocks and extract the internal three-dimensional (3D) data field of rocks for visualization analysis. To address this problem, this paper proposed a method of 3D reconstruction for complex cracks in deteriorated sandstone and developed a program based on MATLAB. This work carried out image recognition on the CT scan images of deteriorated sandstone, then implemented a surface reconstruction technique based on object cross-section information, a contour reconstruction technique based on object contour information, a point cloud reconstruction technique for extracting point cloud data of internal cracks in deteriorated sandstone and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) control system that combines these three reconstruction techniques. The result showed that the 3D reconstruction techniques and the GUI control system proposed in this paper were capable of precisely marking the location of the cracks on a 3D coordinate system and accurately describing their shape with a vector. With only 10 CT scan images, the point cloud reconstruction technique constructed the digital core and the digital core can quantitatively characterize the influence of primary fractures on the stability of surrounding rock. Additionally, the calculated results of the proposed method were very close to that of Avizo. This method realized the visualization and quantitative characterization of the internal structure of rocks and offered a model for analyzing the stress-fracture-seepage field change during excavation.
Identification of dual inhibitors against BACE1 and GSK-3β for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: An in silico-based approach
Authors: Varshini Magham Sai , Reddy Ramakkamma Aishwarya , Krishnamurthy Praveen Thaggikuppe , Selvaraj Divakar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs that can halt neurodegeneration. To halt neurodegeneration, targeting the major pathways underlying in AD might be the potential strategy. One such pathways are Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathways which are majorly regulated by β- amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3β) respectively. BACE1 is a crucial enzyme involved in Aβ formation & generation and GSK-3β is one of the major kinases responsible for hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. The present study aimed to identify BACE1 and GSK-3β dual inhibitors by an in silico-based approach. Structure based virtual screening has been carried out by using 7,498 Zinc database molecules against BACE1 (PDB ID: 3TPP), and GSK-3β (PDB ID: 1Q3W). 3 hits against BACE1 have identified in Virtual screening with docking score ranging from -8.03 to -12.07 & glide energy ranging from -50.92 to -53.88 kcal/mol and 3 hits against GSK-3β with a docking score ranging from -10.59 to -10.85 & glide energy ranging from -40.5 to -49.7 kcal/mol. Based on amino acid interactions, docking score, and MMGBSA binding energy with BACE1 and GSK-3β active sites, hit molecule ZINC000034853956 with a docking score of -8.03 & -10.59 and glide energy of -53.27 & -49.7 Kcal/mol was selected. MMGBSA binding energy of ZINC000034853956 to BACE1 is -88.41 kcal/mol and to GSK-3β is -15.46 kcal/mol and found to have better affinity than other hit molecules. Further, Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed for the same molecule and MD analysis revealed significant interaction with both the proteins. The present study successfully identified a hit molecule as a BACE1 and GSK-3β dual inhibitor for the treatment of AD.
Possibility for Exploitation and Identification of Rice Yield and Seed Quality Orthologs in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: B Sukrutha , Akkareddy Srividya , Vemireddy Lakshmi Narayana Reddy , AR Nirmal Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background The progress in tagging/mapping of genes in crops likeArabidopsis, rice, maize etc. is far ahead when compared to the major legume cropsviz. groundnut, chickpea, redgram, greengram, soyabean etc., even in the post release period of legume genome sequence databases. This can be attributed mainly to low level of available molecular genetic diversity in these crops. Methods The study of transferability of Rice yield gene tagged markers to Peanut was carried out by employing17 diverse groundnut genotypes. ANOVA revealed significant differences for six yield and seven seed quality traits studied which indicates availability of ample amount of variability among the genotypes. Molecular analysis was conducted to analyse the transferability of known rice yield, grain size and micronutrient content (Fe and Zn) controlling gene tagged markers (GTMs) to peanut by using 45 GTMsthat targets 24 known functional genes. Results Of 45 markers, 31 (76%) were transferable to peanut, denotes very high conservation at functional regions. The extent of amplification of rice GTMs at individual groundnut genotype level was observed from 79.17% for the cultivated varieties (2n = 4x) Nithya Haritha, Greeshma, Prasuna, Kalahasti, Narayani and with a wild genotype,Arachisvillosa(2n = 2x) to 91.67% for Dheeraj variety. The analysis on transferable efficiency of individual rice GTM revealed that 17 markers belong to 14 rice genes showed amplification among all the 17groundnut genotypes (100%) under study. Conclusions Hence, focusing research on the available knowledge of functionally characterized genes of molecular model crops and vast list of annotated orthologous genes present in ‘Omics’ databases, widens the scope to tag the genes at molecular level and thereby to improve the cropslike groundnutthat has meager progress in gene tagging;by pyramiding of desirable genes with high veracity.
The barriers to cervical cancer screening for urban and rural populations in Rwanda
Authors: Dau Hallie , Vidler Marianne , AboMoslim Maryam , Mutamba Barbra , Nesbitt Zoey , Deodatha John , Byiringiro Schadrack Danson , Niyotwiringiye Charles , Mithani Nadia , Nair Varun , Smith Laurie , Rulisa Stephen , Ogilvie Gina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Rwandan women. There is a limited understanding of the barriers that women face to obtain cervical cancer screening in Rwanda. It is important to understand the barriers in order to implement effective screening programs. The goal of this study is to describe the barriers to cervical cancer screening among women in Rwanda and how they differ among women in rural and urban areas.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study recruited women from June 1 to 9, 2022 at Muhima and Nyamata District Hospitals in Rwanda. Women were eligible for the study if they were ≥ of 18 years and spoke Kinyarwanda or English. Women completed a 15-minute survey which included questions on the participants demographics, knowledge of cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening history, and barriers to healthcare. Women were stratified by survey location (urban vs rural). Descriptive statistics were reported.
RESULTS
A total of 374 women completed the survey with 169 participants from Muhima and 205 from Nyamata. Most women were in a relationship and had a primary school or less education. The most common barriers to accessing general healthcare services was long wait times at the facility, (Muhima 26%; Nyamata 30%), low quality of care, (Muhima 15%; Nyamata 12%) and transportation costs (Muhima 13%; Nyamata 9.3%). However, women from Nyamata were significantly more likely to report distance to the health center as a barrier (p-value <0.001) and women from Muhima were significantly more likely to report transportation method as a barrier (p-value =0.004). The primary reason reported for not obtaining cervical cancer screening was that women did not know how or where to get tested (Muhima 57%; Nyamata 51%).
CONCLUSION
The most common barriers to cervical cancer screening in Rwanda were the quality of clinical care and issues with traveling to the clinic. Implementing a cervical cancer self-collection program could help eliminate many barriers that women face to obtain health services in Rwanda. More research is needed to better understand the acceptability of cervical cancer screening in Rwanda and how it could be integrated into the healthcare system.
A Numerical Study of Radiation Effects of an Unsteady Micropolar Fluid Through Porous Medium With Mhd Boundary Layer Flow Near the Stagnation Point Towards a Shrinking Surface
Authors: RAM SUNDER RAM , bandaru srinitha , salawu SALAWU OLAKUNLE , mohammed shamshuddin pasha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article analyses a numerical study of the radiation effects of an unsteady micropolar fluid through a porous medium with MHD boundary layer flow near the stagnation point towards a shrinking surface. The Roseland approximation for thermal radiation is considered in the modeling of heat transfer. The weighted residual method is applied to derive the numerical solution of non-linear equations. The effects of various involved parameters like Reynolds number, micro rotation parameter, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, and Eckert number on flow and heat transfer are discussed. Further, their effects on Nusselt number and skin friction are also investigated from the physical point of view.
Natural Graphite reinforced with Si@TiO2 core-shell nanoparticles as anode for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Vats Bhavya Nidhi , Gupta Raghvendra , Gupta Amit , Fatima S. , Kumar Deepak 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Commercial Li-ion batteries rely on anodes made of graphite, but low specific capacity (372 mAh/g) of graphite restricts its usage in high-energy demand applications. Literature suggests that Si has a high specific capacity (4200 mAh/g), but huge volume expansion during the electrochemical process leads to fast capacity decay. This work deals with the development of graphite-based composite material with the potential to be used as an anode. Adopting the structural modification approach and co-utilization strategy, the composite material is developed through graphite reinforcement with the developed core-shell nanoparticles (Si@TiO2). Si@TiO2 nanoparticles are synthesized to develop a thin coating layer (≈ 5 nm) of TiO2 on Si using the peptization technique. The developed materials are characterized using FESEM, EDS, TEM, XPS, and XRD. Further, electrochemical response of the developed composite material is recorded using Cyclic voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Galvanostatic charge/discharge test (GCD). Compared with graphite, the developed composite anode exhibits improved specific capacity with a small percentage (10%) mixing of core-shell nanoparticles into graphite. The composite anode demonstrates stable electrochemical behavior. The initial specific capacity attains the value of ≈ 657 mAh/g at 1C, and 87% capacity retention has been observed after 100 cycles. Furthermore, developed composite shows good capacity retention at higher C-rate values.
Endoscopy-assisted retrosigmoid craniotomy removal of small vestibular schwannomas: curative tumor removal with preservation of function
Authors: Zhu Jiandong , Gu Jingyu , Sun Song , Zhai WeiWei , Yu Zhengquan , Wu Jiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Three primary treatment modalities exist for small vestibular schwannomas (VSs): wait-and-scan, radiosurgery, and tumor removal. We report the outcomes and preservation of function after retrosigmoid small VS removal with endoscopic assistance and clarify the management paradigm for small VSs.
Methods
Six patients with small VSs who underwent resection through the retrosigmoid approach with endoscope assistance from January 2019 to December 2022 in our department were enrolled in this study. Data on these patients’ age prior to surgery, side of surgery, tumor size, preoperative and postoperative pure tone average, and word recognition scores were acquired, and the surgical outcomes and postoperative complications were evaluated.
Results
The tumor was first removed by a conventional microscopic procedure with the help of neurophysiological monitoring, and then an endoscope was used to find and remove any residual lesions. Gross-total resection was facilitated using an operative endoscope in 5 patients (83%), with additional tumors visible through the endoscope. All patients (100%) had a House-Brackmann facial nerve grade of II or better at the last follow-up. Among the four patients (67%) who had good preoperative hearing, the hearing was preserved in 3 patients and one patient had poor hearing after surgery. Total resections were achieved in all the patients (100%).
Conclusions
As a result of a surgical technique that involves endoscopy-assisted craniotomy with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, retrosigmoid removal of small VSs can lead to successful curative tumor removal with excellent functional outcomes. Thus, surgical resection should be the first-line treatment for patients with small VSs who can tolerate surgery.