bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of ICD‐10 hospital discharge diagnosis codes to identify incident and recurrent ischemic stroke from a US integrated healthcare system
Authors: Shirley Abraelle M. , Morrisette Kerresa L. , Choi Soon Kyu , Reynolds Kristi , Zhou Hui , Zhou Mengnan M. , Wei Rong , Zhang Yiyi , Cheng Pamela , Wong Eric , Sangha Navdeep , An Jaejin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study validated incident and recurrent ischemic stroke identified by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐10) hospital discharge diagnosis codes.MethodsUsing electronic health records (EHR) of adults (≥18 years) receiving care from Kaiser Permanente Southern California with ICD‐10 hospital discharge diagnosis codes of ischemic stroke (I63.x, G46.3, and G46.4) between October 2015 and September 2020, we identified 75 patients with both incident and recurrent stroke events (total 150 cases). Two neurologists independently evaluated validity of ICD‐10 codes through chart reviews.ResultsThe positive predictive value (PPV, 95% CI) for incident stroke was 93% (95% CI: 88%, 99%) and the PPV for recurrent stroke was 72% (95% CI: 62%, 82%). The PPV for recurrent stroke improved after applying a gap of 20 days (PPV of 75%; 95% CI: 63%, 87%) or removing hospital admissions related to stroke‐related procedures (PPV of 78%; 95% CI: 68%, 88%).ConclusionThe ICD‐10 hospital discharge diagnosis codes for ischemic stroke showed a high PPV for incident cases, while the PPV for recurrent cases were less optimal. Algorithms to improve the accuracy of ICD‐10 codes for recurrent ischemic stroke may be necessary.
A novel strategy to predict the tensile strength of polymer/particle interphase based on De Gennes's self‐similar carpet theory
Authors: Ader Fiona , Sharifzadeh Esmail , Azimi Neda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe formation of polymer/particle interphase region besides affecting most of the mechanical characteristics of polymer nanocomposites also alters some of their physical properties. The physical/mechanical properties inside the interphase may change based on a specific pattern (e.g., linear, exponential, etc.). De Gennes's self‐similar carpet theory represents a unique definition for the concentration variation of the adsorbed polymer chains. Accordingly, this specific pattern was developed to predict the tensile strength of the polymer/particle interphase region based on the molecular characteristics of the matrix and polymer/particle compatibility. In addition, Pukanszky's model was developed to define the characteristics of the aggregates/agglomerates using the results of De Gennes's theory. Different high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposite samples, containing compatibilized silica nanoparticles, were prepared and subjected to the tensile and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) tests. Moreover, other data from the literature were used to further investigate the accuracy of the proposed model. It was revealed that considering the gyration radius of the polymer chains as the maximum interphase thickness and the scaling parameter as 0.49 provides accurate predictions. On the other hand, the obtained data regarding the average content and size of nanoparticle aggregates/agglomerates also were in good agreement with the actual results.
Modulation of a conformational ensemble by a small molecule that inhibits key protein–protein interactions involved in cell adhesion
Authors: Senoo Akinobu , Nagatoishi Satoru , Kuroda Daisuke , Ito Sho , Ueno Go , Caaveiro Jose M. M. , Tsumoto Kouhei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSmall molecules that regulate protein–protein interactions can be valuable drugs; however, the development of such small molecules is challenging as the molecule must interfere with an interaction that often involves a large surface area. Herein, we propose that modulating the conformational ensemble of the proteins participating in a given interaction, rather than blocking the interaction by directly binding to the interface, is a relevant strategy for interfering with a protein–protein interaction. In this study, we applied this concept to P‐cadherin, a cell surface protein forming homodimers that are essential for cell–cell adhesion in various biological contexts. We first determined the crystal structure of P‐cadherin with a small molecule inhibitor whose inhibitory mechanism was unknown. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the inhibition of cell adhesion by this small molecule results from modulation of the conformational ensemble of P‐cadherin. Our study demonstrates the potential of small molecules altering the conformation ensemble of a protein as inhibitors of biological relevant protein–protein interactions.
Drug interactions of tacrolimus with letermovir and azole antifungals following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective observational analysis
Authors: Shinogi Yuri , Hirai Toshinori , Ishibashi Miki , Ino Kazuko , Tawara Isao , Iwamoto Takuya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTacrolimus interacts with letermovir and azole antifungals, whereas letermovir has nonuniform effects on the pharmacokinetics of azole antifungals. We retrospectively investigated the interaction of tacrolimus (continuous infusion) with letermovir considering co‐administered azole antifungals in adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. The extent of intraindividual variation in the ratio of tacrolimus concentration to dose normalized by body weight (C/D ratio) was investigated. The correlation between the C/D ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was analyzed. In 35 patients (795 points), the C/D ratio was higher in the tacrolimus plus letermovir period than in the tacrolimus alone period (1234.7 [566.2–2721.0] ng/mL/mg/kg vs. 564.4 [245.3–1861.3] ng/mL/mg/kg, p < .001). This trend was observed when co‐administered with azole antifungals (n = 30, 1285.5 [662.7–2506.7] ng/mL/mg/kg vs. 547.1 [245.3–1861.3] ng/mL/mg/kg, p < .001), but not without azole antifungals (n = 5, 809.9 [566.2–1573.3] ng/mL/mg/kg vs. 616.1 [350.6–979.8] ng/mL/mg/kg, p = .125). For patients co‐administered fluconazole, the tacrolimus C/D ratio increased in patients with letermovir than those without letermovir (n = 28, 1215.0 [662.7–2506.7] ng/mL/mg/kg vs. 529.9 [245.3–1654.4] ng/mL/mg/kg, p < .001). Tacrolimus C/D ratio did not correlate with eGFR under letermovir and fluconazole administrations (y = 0.1x + 1307.1, r = .008, p = .968). Close blood concentration monitoring of intravenous tacrolimus is required when patients administered letermovir and azole antifungals.
Ginkgolide K delays the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating YAP to promote the formation of cartilage extracellular matrix
Authors: Liu Ruizhou , Liu Zhendong , Chen Hui , He Shiping , Wang Shihan , Dai Jihang , Li Xiaolei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage wear and degradation. Ginkgolide K (GK) is a natural compound extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves and possesses anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic effects. We found that the biological characteristics of GK were highly consistent with those of OA medications. This study aimed to determine and verify the therapeutic effect of GK on OA and mechanism of its therapeutic effect. For the in vivo experiment, OA rats were regularly injected in the articular cavity with GK, and the curative effects were observed after 4 and 8 weeks. For the in vitro experiment, we treated OA chondrocytes with different concentrations of GK and then detected the related indices of OA. Through the in vivo and in vitro experiments, we found that GK could promote the production of major components of the cartilage extracellular matrix. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that GK may activate hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 alpha via the hypoxia signaling pathway, which, in turn, activates yes‐associated protein and inhibits apoptosis of OA chondrocytes. GK has a therapeutic effect on OA and, therefore, has the potential to be developed into a new drug for OA treatment.
SARS‐CoV‐2 in digital era: Diagnostic techniques and importance of nucleic acid quantification with digital PCRs
Authors: Aravind Kumar N. , Aradhana S. , Harleen  , Vishnuraj M. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStudies related to clinical diagnosis and research of SARS‐CoV‐2 are important in the current pandemic era. Although molecular biology has emphasised the importance of qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis with nucleic acids in relation to SARS‐CoV‐2 needs to be clearly emphasised, which can provide perspective for viral dynamic studies of SARS‐CoV‐2. In this regard, the requirement and utilization of digital PCR in COVID‐19 research has substantially increased during the pandemic, necessitating the aggregation of its cardinal applications and future scopes. Hence, this meta‐review comprehensively addresses and emphasises the importance of nucleic acid quantification of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA with digital PCR (dPCR). Various quantitative techniques of clinical significance like immunological, proteomic and nucleic acid‐based diagnosis and quantification, have been comparatively discussed. Furthermore, the core part of the article focusses on the working principle and advantages of digital PCR, along with its applications in COVID‐19 research. Several important applications like viral load quantitation, environmental surveillance and assay validation have been extensively investigated and discussed. Certain key future scopes of clinical importance, like mortality prediction, viral/variant‐symbiosis, and antiviral studies were also identified, suggesting several possible digital PCR applications in COVID‐19 research.
Multiobjective trajectory optimization of the wall‐building robot based on RBF–NSGA‐II in an uncertain viscoelastic contact environment
Authors: Shi Qingyi , Wang Zhaohui , Ke Xilin , Wang Zhongren , Gao Quanjie , Fan Yiwei , Lei Bin , Wu Pengmin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo solve the problem of poor masonry quality of traditional wall‐building robots in an uncertain viscoelastic contact environment while reducing energy consumption, reducing contact forces with the environment, and improving work efficiency and smoothness, a segmented multiobjective trajectory optimization method is proposed based on radial basis function (RBF) and nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA‐II). The method divides the motion trajectory into the free motion segment and the masonry segment. In the masonry segment, the compensation variable is introduced at the brick‐stopping position, and the values of design variables are obtained by Latin hypercube sampling. The relationship between the objective functions and the design variables is established by using an RBF substitution model. The optimal design is carried out by the NSGA‐II, and the compromise solution is obtained by using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution algorithm. On this basis, a multiobjective trajectory optimization method based on seven times nonuniform B‐spline curves is proposed for the free motion segment. According to the performance indicators, such as operation efficiency, trajectory smoothness, and energy consumption, the compromise solution is again sought and obtained. Finally, the proposed trajectory optimization method is compared with the standard gate‐shaped trajectory planning method. The results show that after trajectory optimization, the masonry efficiency of the wall‐building robot is improved by 28.36%, and the energy consumption and trajectory smoothness are reduced by 28.68% and 93.81%, respectively. At the same time, the contact force with the environment is reduced by 12.26%, and the masonry error is reduced from 2.67 to 0.13 mm. These results can contribute to the construction of walls and improve the masonry quality of bricks while considering other performance indicators.
Fe‐doped MoS2@AuNPs Grown on Carbon Cloth for Efficient SERS Detection and Photo/photo‐Fenton Degradation of Fungicides
Authors: Xuan Menren , Ben Zixiang , Wang Sailan , Pu Jin , Ma Guangran , Xu Fugang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA composite CC/Fe−MoS2@Au composed of gold nanoparticles in‐situ grown on Fe‐doped MoS2 anchored on carbon cloth (CC) was prepared for SERS detection and photo/photo‐Fenton degradation of fungi pesticides. Flower‐like MoS2 grown on CC provides large surface area for in‐situ reduction and immobilization of AuNPs, generating high SERS enhancement effect. Fe‐doping improves MoS2’s SERS activity and photocatalysis and endows the composite with Fenton degradation ability due to the coexistence of Fe3+/Fe2+ confirmed by XPS. Owing to their synergy, the CC/Fe−MoS2@Au can achieve the SERS detection of fungicide crystal violet (CV) and malachite green (MG) with detection limits of 0.1 nM and 10 nM, respectively. The CC endows it flexibility for fungicide sensing on irregular surface, such as fish skin with a LOD of 10−7 M for MG. The composite displayed multimode degradation ability for fungicides: 70 % of 10−5 M CV could be degraded after 75 min photocatalytic degradation by CC/Fe−MoS2@Au under natural light, while it increases to 85 % in the presence of H2O2 through a photo‐Fenton reaction. The synergy mechanism of these components for fungicide degradation were discussed. Such flexible multifunctional composite has great value in SERS analysis, environmental monitoring and remediation.
Oil‐Water Separation Performance and Thermoregeneration of a Nanofibrous SiO2 Membrane Prepared by Sol‐Electrospinning
Authors: Meng Haitao , Pan Xuecong , Li Xuemei , Meng Haijun , Li Shouzhu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe discharge of oily wastewater seriously affects human health and the sustainable development of the ecological environment. Therefore, developing oil‐water separation materials capable of removing organic pollutants is imperative. In this study, we report the preparation of a SiO2 nanofiber membrane based on tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) using a template‐free strategy combined with electrostatic spinning technology. The prepared SiO2 nanofiber membrane was characterized using SEM, EDX, FT‐IR, AFM, XRD, CA, and TG techniques. The prepared SiO2 nanofiber membranes exhibit excellent hydrophilicity (WCA=0°) in air and oleophobicity (UWOCA=136°) underwater, with excellent anti‐pollution properties for gravity‐driven oil‐water separation. The SiO2 nanofiber membrane can effectively separate different kinds of oil‐water mixtures with high water flux (4420 L m−2 h−1) and excellent separation efficiency (99.1 %), with a flux loss of 5.65 % after ten cycles, indicating excellent cycling stability. In addition, it can also be used to separate various oil‐in‐water emulsions stabilized by surfactants with a separation flux higher than 2079 L m−2 h−1 and a separation efficiency maintained at more than 97 %. During the separation of 150 mL lotion, the membrane was seriously scaled due to long‐term pollution. Simple water washing could not restore the membrane flux, and the irreversible scaling rate was 50.74 %, which seriously affected the continuous separation. However, due to the excellent thermal stability of SiO2 nanofiber membranes, oil contaminated membranes can be heated and regenerated, resulting in a flux recovery rate of nearly 100 %. Overall, this material has a wide range of potential applications in environmental protection, especially in the treatment of oily wastewater, due to its simple fabrication method, high flux, and superb oil resistance and recyclability.
Experimental Study and Parameter Optimization of Oily Sludge Treatment Through Ozonation Technology
Authors: Yang Zi.‐Yu , Zhu Ling , Wang Wen‐Long , Yu Chao‐Fan , Re Mei‐Na 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOily sludge contains a large number of hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and other toxic and harmful substances, which not only pose a significant threat to human health but also severely impact the stability and sustainability of the ecological environment. Therefore, the development of a clean and efficient production process is urgently needed. The ozonation technology is a promising treatment method with high efficiency and no secondary pollution. In this study, ozonation technology was used to degrade the pollutants in the oily sludge, and the impact of different influencing factors on the treatment effect was discussed, and the operational parameters were optimized. Additionally, we investigated the mechanism of ozonation for oily sludge to provide a basis for a deeper understanding. The results demonstrated that after treatment, the total petroleum hydrocarbon content in the oily sludge was significantly reduced, and the residual oil rate decreased to 1.04 %, indicating the enormous potential of ozonation technology for oily sludge treatment.
Fluorescent‐Dye‐Doped Nanoporous Silica Powder for Imaging of Latent Fingerprints (Levels 1–3) and Case Studies
Authors: Singh Prabhpreet , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNovel naphthalimide based fluorescent dye NI‐1 possess (i) high quantum yield, (ii) blue emission (λem=450 nm), (iii) CIE coordinate (x=0.21, y=0.35) with 39 % blue colour purity in solid state, (iv) photochemical and thermal stability up to 200 oC and (v) low cytotoxicity to normal cells L929. NI‐1 was doped in nano porous silica and used as fluorescent powder for imaging of latent fingerprints (LFPs) on coloured surfaces, barcode, wood, brick, leaf and engraved steel beside other common household porous and nonporous surfaces. We demonstrated visibility of levels 1–3 on ceramic tile, glass, paper, steel, iron and compact disc using NI‐1 doped fluorescent silica powder. Furthermore, LFPs developed with NI‐1 were successfully lifted from different surfaces using adhesive tape for documentation and archiving purposes. To mimic the automated fingerprint identification system (AFIS), we manually screened fingerprints from 16 subjects to identify the unknown subject. The unique minutiae points such as long hook, opposite bifurcation, crossbar, cross over, dock, triple bifurcation, lake and spikes were observed beside other 16 minutiae points.
Efficient Catalytic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines via Copper Catalysis
Authors: Ji Yue , Dang Ze‐Lin , Liu Xue‐Mei , Niu Ben , Han Wei‐Wei , Qiang Tao‐Tao , Wang Si‐Chang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn efficient copper‐catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation of tetrahydroisoquinolines has been developed, giving a general and convenient strategy from amines toward imines in excellent yields. A series of tetrahydroisoquinolines bearing electron‐donating/withdrawing groups proceeded smoothly with air (O2) as oxidant. The oxidative dehydrogenation proved to be an atom‐economical and environmentally friendly strategy, which could effectively avoid generating stoichiometric hazardous wastes. In addition, this methodology provides a convenient and effective approach to the reutilization of amines, especially for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure substances, such as (+)‐Solifenacin, in industrial process. Preliminary experimental results revealed that the reaction was carried out via a process of oxidative dehydrogenation.
Phase Engineering of W‐Doped MoS2 by Magneto‐Hydrothermal Synthesis for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Changdian , Zhu Lili , Wu Ziqiang , Chen Qian , Zheng Ruobing , Huan Jie , Huang Yanan , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been proved as an excellent potential hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst. Compared with thermodynamically stable 2H‐MoS2, 1T‐MoS2 exhibits higher conductivity and catalytic activity, whereas it is usually difficult to prepare since of thermodynamically metastable. Herein, a feasible method is reported to fabricate ambient‐stable MoS2 with high concentration 1T phase through magnetic free energy synergistic microstrain induced by W doping under low magnetic field. The 1T phase proportion in MoS2 can be as high as 80% and is ambient‐stable for more than one year. The catalyst prepared under a magnetic field of 3 T delivers an overpotential of 195 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and has a long‐term stability over 50 h. This work provides a novel strategy for preparation of MoS2 with high 1T concentration and high stability.
The Intermediate Connection of Subcells in Si‐based Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Li Caixia , He Mingrui , Liu Ziheng , Hao Xiaojing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTandem solar cells are rationally designed and fabricated by stacking multiple subcells to achieve power conversion efficiency well above the Shockley‐Queisser (SQ) limit. There is a large selection pool for the subcell candidates, such as Si, III–V, Kesterite, Perovskite, and organic solar cells. A series of different combinations of these subcells have been successfully demonstrated in practical tandem solar cell devices. However, there has not been a systematic summary of how to connect subcells in a tandem solar cell using a practical, cost‐effective, and efficiency‐beneficial fashion. In this work, the connection manners of subcells within a tandem cell are classified into three main categories, performing sequential growth, using the physical connection, and applying an intermediate layer, focusing on systematical description of intermediate layers using different materials. The advantages and disadvantages of these connection methods and their applicability to tandem cell types are further elaborated using two typical example models, III–V/Si and Perovskite inclusive tandem cell devices. Eventually, this work can provide useful guidance on how to carry out a suitable intermediate connection in the design of tandem solar cells depending on the selected subcells and device structure.
Structural Engineering‐Enabled Joule Heating Effect Cooperated with Capillary Effect Toward Fast Spreading of Droplets for High‐Flux Separation of Viscous Emulsion
Authors: Cao Yiran , Zheng Wan , Hao Baicun , Xiao Hanzhong , Cui Yiwen , Huang Xin , Shi Bi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractViscous emulsions with poor fluidity and high adhesion are extremely difficult to separate. Herein, high‐flux separation of viscous emulsions is realized by developing structural engineered collagen fibers (CFs)‐based composite membrane that featured 3D conductive hierarchical fiber structure with the spaced carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and activated carbon (AC) serving as conductive network and competitive adsorption‐based demulsifying sites, respectively. The as‐designed membrane structure boosts fast spreading of emulsion droplets on membrane surface aided by the synergistic effect of joule heat in situ generated by the spaced CNFs and the capillary effect derived from CFs, which guarantees the full contact of viscous emulsions with the spaced AC for achieving ultra‐efficient demulsifying. The permeation of resultant oily filtrate is accelerated by the capillary effect of hierarchically fibrous structured CFs to exhibit fast transport kinetics, therefore accomplishing high‐flux separation. The structural engineered membrane achieves high‐performance separation toward different viscous emulsions (55.4‐123.7 mPa·s) with separation efficiency >99.9% and flux high up to 259 L m−2 h−1. The investigations provide a novel structural engineering strategy for realizing high‐performance separation of viscous emulsions.