bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P-EKKE Alleviates Myocardial Infarction (MI) in MI Rats by Inhibiting
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway-mediated Inflammation and Inhibiting
α-actin Mediated Myocardial Fibrosis
Authors: Song Guixian , Ruan Zhongbao , Wang Ruzhu , Ren Yin , Zhu Li , Shen Yahui , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Myocardial infarction (MI) is an ischemic heart disorder that causes apoptosis or
necrosis of myocardial cells.

Objective:
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of P-EKKE on myocardial infarction and explore the
associated mechanisms in MI rats.

Methods:
The MI in rats was established by ligating the left coronary artery of rats; the rats were divided
into the MI group (without treatment) and the P-EKKE group (treated with P-EKKE). Normal rats were
assigned to the NC group (without treatment) and the sham group (under LAD without ligation). Cardiac
function was evaluated using echocardiography. The MI area was measured with TTC staining. Histological
analysis was performed to evaluate inflammation (HE staining) and myocardial fibrosis (Masson and
immunofluorescence staining). RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine Gli-1/SHH expression
in myocardial tissues.

Results:
P-EKKE clearly improved the cardiac function of MI rats. The area of myocardial infarction in
MI rats undergoing P-EKKE treatment (P-EKKE group) was found to be predominantly decreased compared
to MI rats without treatment (p < 0.05). P-EKKE treatment clearly inhibited apoptosis and increased
H3S10ph expression in the area of myocardial infarction of MI rats compared to MI rats without
treatment (p < 0.05). P-EKKE treatment significantly alleviated inflammation and decreased myocardial
fibrosis in the area of myocardial infarction in MI rats compared to MI rats without treatment (p < 0.05).
P-EKKE significantly increased the expression of Gil-1 and SHH in myocardial infarction of MI rats
compared to MI rats without treatment (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
P-EKKE inhibited myocardial infarction and played an anti-inflammatory and myocardial
protective role in MI rats. P-EKKE inhibited myocardial inflammation by activating the hedgehog signaling
pathway and inhibited myocardial fibrosis by decreasing α-actin expression.
Study on the Specific Expression of Infrared Radiation Temperature on
the Body Surface of Acupoint in Rats with Chronic Myocardial Ischemic
Injury
Authors: Xiong Jian , Li Xiang , Fu Hongjuan , Luo Xinye , Li Xiao , Ren Yanrong , Liu Xueying , Zheng Qianhua , Qi Wenchuan , Liang Fanrong 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Infrared thermal imaging technology was used to observe the changes in infrared
radiation temperature at acupoints in rats caused by chronic myocardial ischemia injury.

Objective:
This study aims to compare the difference of body surface infrared radiation temperature
information of three groups of acupoints: bilateral Neiguan (PC6), bilateral Yanglingquan (GB33), and
bilateral Sham Acupoints (SA) in the pathological state of myocardial ischemia injury, and to explore
the relationship between acupoints and viscera state.

Methods:
SPF adult Wistar male rats (n = 20) were randomly divided into a control (CTL; n = 10) and
an isoproterenol group (ISO; n = 10). Chronic myocardial injury was induced in rats by subcutaneous
injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride for 14 d. On the second day after the establishment of the
model, the serum levels of cardiac troponin (cTnI) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) were
measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The morphological changes of the myocardial
tissue in the two groups were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and their pathological
scores were evaluated, which was then used to determine the myocardial ischemic injury. Two days
before and after the establishment of the model, the electrocardiograms (ECG) of the two groups of
rats were recorded by the (ECG) data acquisition system, and the infrared thermal imaging platform
was used to detect the temperature of the six acupoints.

Results:
1. After subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride for 14 days, the ST segment of
the ECG decreased in the ISO group compared with that of the CTL group; 2. Myocardial tissue injury
was serious in the ISO group compared to the CTL group; 3. Serum cTn-I and CK-MB were significantly
increased (P <0 01) in the ISO group, compared to that in the CTL group; 4. The infrared radiation
temperature on the body surface of bilateral Neiguan (PC6) acupoints decreased significantly in
the ISO group, compared to that of the CTL group.

Conclusion:
Infrared thermal imaging technology can be used to detect the changes in the energy state
of acupoints. Chronic myocardial ischemic injury can cause a decrease in IR temperature on the body
surface of bilateral Neiguan (PC6) acupoints, suggesting that visceral diseases can lead to changes in
the energy metabolism of acupoints.
DDR1-Induced Paracrine Factors of Hepatocytes Promote HSC Activation and
Fibrosis Development
Authors: Meng Ying , Zhao Tong , Han Tiyun , Chen Huilin , Zhang Zhengyi , Zhang Dekui 
Published: February 2023

Background::
This study investigated the role and potential mechanisms of Discoidin domain receptors-1 (DDR1) during liver fibrogenesis.

Methods::
Blood and livers were collected from mice. In the in vitro experiments, human normal hepatocyte (LO2 cell line) and human hepatoma cells
(HepG2 cell line) with overexpressed DDR1 (DDR1-OE) or DDR1 knockdown (DDR1-KD) were constructed by transfecting the corresponding
lentivirus. Human hepatic stellate cells (LX2 cell line) were incubated with a conditioned medium (CM) of the above stable transfected cells
treated with collagen. The cells and supernatants were collected for molecular and biochemical analyses.

Results::
DDR1 expression was increased in hepatocytes from carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced fibrotic livers compared to normal livers in wild-type
(WT) mice. Liver fibrosis was relieved, and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) activation was decreased in CCL4-treated DDR1 knockout (DDR1-KO)
mice compared with CCL4-treated WT mice. LX2 cells cultured in CM of LO2 DDR1-OE cells revealed increased α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)
and type I collagen (COL1) expressions and cell proliferation. Meanwhile, cell proliferation and the expression levels of αSMA and COL1 in LX2
cells cultured in CM of HepG2 DDR1-KD cells were decreased. Moreover, IL6, TNFα, and TGFβ1 in CM of DDR1-OE cells appeared to promote
LX2 cell activation and proliferation, regulated by NF-κB and Akt pathways.

Conclusion::
These results indicated that DDR1 in hepatocytes promoted HSC activation and proliferation and that paracrine factors IL6, TNFα, and TGFβ1
induced by DDR1 through activating NF-κB and Akt pathways may be the underlying mechanisms. Our study suggests that collagen-receptor
DDR1 may be a potential therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis.
Proniosomes for Oral Delivery of Aceclofenac: Impact of Paddle Versus Dialysis Methods on In vitro-in vivo Correlation (IVIVC) Predictions
Authors: Sammour Rana Mhd Farid , Almurisi Samah Hamed , Taher Muhammad , Shahiwala Aliasgar 
Published: February 2023

Background:
This study aims to assess the suitability of in vitro drug release methods, dialysis and paddle methods for predicting in vivo behaviour of Aceclofenac (ACE) proniosomes.

Methods:
ACE proniosomes are prepared using different carriers: glucose, maltodextrin and manni-tol by the slurry method. The release studies of ACE proniosomes formulations were performed us-ing the paddle, and dialysis methods while in vivo studies were performed in albino rats. Graphical presentation, model-dependent and model-independent approaches were applied to compare two dissolution methods.

Results:
More than 70% of the drug was released from ACE proniosomes over 60 min by paddle method while not more than 5% was released in the same period by dialysis method. The paddle method provides a reproducible and faster release, whereas poor drug release occurred with the di-alysis method. For the paddle method, lower values of similarity factor (f2) and greater differences in the dissolution efficiency (DE) amongst different formulations and in comparison, to that of the pure drug indicates that it is a more discriminative method compared to dialysis. The paddle method also illustrated high regression coefficients (r2) of 0.81, 0.998 and 0.975 for FN1, FN2, and FN3, respectively for level A IVIVC, while poor or no relation (r2 < 0.1) was detected in the case of dialy-sis method.

Conclusion:
Based on the results, the paddle method is concluded to be the more suitable method compared to the dialysis method for in vitro drug release studies of a novel dosage form such as proniosomes.
An Improved Informer Network for Short-Term Electric Load Forecasting
Authors: Fan Xingrui , Li Yuancheng 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Electric load forecasting plays an essential role in the dispatching operation
of power systems. It can be divided into long-term, medium-term, and short-term according to the
forecast time. Accurate short-term electric forecasting helps the system operate safely and reliably,
reduces resource waste, and improves economic efficiency.

Objective:
To fully use the time-series characteristics in load data and improve the accuracy of
short-term electric load forecasting, we propose an improved Informer model called Nysformer.

Methods:
Firstly, the input of data is improved, and the information is input into the model in the
form of difference. Then, the Nystrom self-attention mechanism was proposed, approximating the
standard self-attention mechanism using an approximation with O(n) time complexity and memory
utilization.

Results:
We conducted experiments on a publicly available dataset, and the results show that the
proposed Nysformer model has lower time complexity and higher accuracy than the standard Informer
model.

Conclusion:
An improved informer network is proposed for short-term electric load forecasting,
and the experimental results demonstrate the proposed model Nysformer can improve the accuracy
of short-term electric load forecasting.
Categorization and Analysis of Primary Care mHealth Apps Related to Breast Health and Breast Cancer: Systematic Search in App Stores and Content Analysis
Authors: Kanodia Sweekrity , Thalabard Jean Christophe , Lhoste Kevin 
Published: February 2023

Background
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality among women globally. The use of mobile health tools such as apps and games is increasing rapidly, even in low- and middle-income countries, to promote early diagnosis and to manage care and support of survivors and patients.

Objective
The primary objective of this review was to categorize selected mobile health apps related to breast health and prevention of breast cancer, based on features such as breast self-examination (BSE) training and reminders, and to analyze their current dissemination. An ancillary objective was to highlight the limitations of existing tools and suggest ways to improve them.

Methods
We defined strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, which required apps to have titles or descriptions that suggest that they were designed for the general public, and not for patients with breast cancer or health workers. Apps that focused on awareness and primary care via self-check were included, while those that focused on topics such as alternative treatments and medical news were excluded. Apps that were not specifically related to breast cancer were also excluded. Apps (in any language) that appeared in the search with keywords were included. The database consisted of apps from AppAgg and Google Play Store. Only 85 apps met the inclusion criteria. Selected apps were categorized on the basis of their alleged interactive features. Descriptive statistics were obtained, and available language options, the number of downloads, and the cost of the apps were the main parameters reviewed.

Results
The selected apps were categorized on the basis of the following features: education, BSE training, reminders, and recording. Of the 85 selected apps, 72 (84.7%) focused on disseminating breast cancer information. BSE training was provided by only 47% (n=40) of the apps, and very few had reminder (n=26, 30.5%) and recording (n=11, 12.9%) features. The median number of downloads was the highest for apps with recording features (>1000 downloads) than those with education, BSE training, reminder, and recording features (>5000 downloads). Most of these apps (n=74, 83.5%) were monolingual, and around 80.3% (n=49) of these apps were in English. Almost all the apps on Google Play Store were free of charge.

Conclusions
Although there exist several apps on Google Play Store to promote awareness about breast health and cancer, the usefulness of most of them appears debatable. To provide a complete breast health package to the users, such apps must have all of the following features: reminders or notifications and symptom recording and tracking. There is still an urgent need to scientifically evaluate existing apps in the target populations in order to make them more functional and user-friendly.
Attitudes of Swedish Language Twitter Users Toward COVID-19 Vaccination: Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Beirakdar Safwat , Klingborg Leon , Herzig van Wees Sibylle 
Published: February 2023

Background
Social media have played an important role in shaping COVID-19 vaccine choices during the pandemic. Understanding people’s attitudes toward the vaccine as expressed on social media can help address the concerns of vaccine-hesitant individuals.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand the attitudes of Swedish-speaking Twitter users toward COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods
This was an exploratory qualitative study that used a social media–listening approach. Between January and March 2022, a total of 2877 publicly available tweets in Swedish were systematically extracted from Twitter. A deductive thematic analysis was conducted using the World Health Organization’s 3C model (confidence, complacency, and convenience).

Results
Confidence in the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine appeared to be a major concern expressed on Twitter. Unclear governmental strategies in managing the pandemic in Sweden and the belief in conspiracy theories have further influenced negative attitudes toward vaccines. Complacency—the perceived risk of COVID-19 was low and booster vaccination was unnecessary; many expressed trust in natural immunity. Convenience—in terms of accessing the right information and the vaccine—highlighted a knowledge gap about the benefits and necessity of the vaccine, as well as complaints about the quality of vaccination services.

Conclusions
Swedish-speaking Twitter users in this study had negative attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, particularly booster vaccines. We identified attitudes toward vaccines and misinformation, indicating that social media monitoring can help policy makers respond by developing proactive health communication interventions.
Community-Level Social Support to Mitigate the Impact of Combined Frailty and Multimorbidity on Psychological Distress Among Rural Chinese Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilevel Modeling Study
Authors: Wang Yi , Fu Peipei , Li Jie , Gao Tingting , Jing Zhengyue , Wang Qiong , Zhao Dan , Zhou Chengchao 
Published: February 2023

Background
Accumulating research provides evidence that the psychological health of older people deteriorated from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Unlike robust individuals, coexisting frailty and multimorbidity expose older adults to more complicated and wide-ranging stressors. Community-level social support (CSS) is also an important impetus for age-friendly interventions, and it is 1 of the components of social capital that is seen as an ecological-level property. To date, we have not found research that examines whether CSS buffered the adverse impacts of combined frailty and multimorbidity on psychological distress in a rural setting during COVID-19 in China.

Objective
This study explores the combined effect of frailty and multimorbidity on psychological distress in rural Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and examines whether CSS would buffer the aforementioned association.

Methods
Data used in this study were extracted from 2 waves of the Shandong Rural Elderly Health Cohort (SREHC), and the final analytic sample included 2785 respondents who participated in both baseline and follow-up surveys. Multilevel linear mixed effects models were used to quantify the strength of the longitudinal association between frailty and multimorbidity combinations and psychological distress using 2 waves of data for each participant, and then, cross-level interactions between CSS and combined frailty and multimorbidity were included to test whether CSS would buffer the adverse impact of coexisting frailty and multimorbidity on psychological distress.

Results
Frail older adults with multimorbidity reported the most psychological distress compared to individuals with only 1 or none of the conditions (β=.68, 95% CI 0.60-0.77, P<.001), and baseline coexisting frailty and multimorbidity predicted the most psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic (β=.32, 95% CI 0.22-0.43, P<.001). Further, CSS moderated the aforementioned association (β=–.16, 95% CI –0.23 to –0.09, P<.001), and increased CSS buffered the adverse effect of coexisting frailty and multimorbidity on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic (β=–.11, 95% CI –0.22 to –0.01, P=.035).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that more public health and clinical attention should be paid to psychological distress among multimorbid older adults with frailty when facing public health emergencies. This research also suggests that community-level interventions prioritizing social support mechanisms, specifically improving the average levels of social support within communities, may be an effective approach to alleviate psychological distress for rural older adults who concurrently manifest frailty and multimorbidity.
POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS ANALYSIS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS USED IN GERIATRIC
Authors: FITRIA NAJMIATUL , WULANSARI SUCI , SARI YELLY OKTAVIA 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Hypertension is a degenerative disease that increases with age. Elderly patients are at the highest risk due to organ function decreasing. Therefore, drug interactions are possible. This study determined the potential drug interactions, which aimed to assess the potential for drug interactions based on the mechanism and severity, and next, to determine the relationship between polypharmacy and drug interactions.
Methods: This research was conducted retrospectively using data from medical records of geriatric patients with hypertension at the outpatient polyclinic of RSI Ibnu Sina Padang for 2021. Purposive sampling was used in this study.
Results: A sample of 155 patients was included in the inclusion criteria. The data were checked using Stockleys Drug Interaction, Adverse Drug Interaction, and software on the Drug Interaction Checker (www. drugs. com), then analyzed descriptively using SPSS. The results showed that the number of potential drug-drug interactions was quite high at 63.2%. The most common mechanism pattern is pharmacodynamics (66.67%), with the highest severity of drug interactions being moderate (88%). The study showed a significant association between polypharmacy and drug interactions (p=0.000).
Conclusion: The active role of pharmacists is expected in monitoring drug use that can potentially cause drug interactions. This action can prevent unwanted events associated with concurrent drug use.
Money as a computational machine
Authors: Wilkins Inigo , Dragos Bogdan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article presents a speculative philosophical account of money as a computational machine. It does so by leveraging a computational and machinic framework, drawing primarily from the work of Philip Mirowski and Jean Cartelier. The argument is focused on a specific level of abstraction, i.e., the monetary operations involved in the creation and transfer of units of account, asking whether it is possible to view these operations as computations that mediate economic relations. As the primary function of such a machine would be one of social coordination, the article also highlights the political consequences of its implementation across society.
Levallois technology in southern Patagonia (Argentina and Chile): current knowledge and future perspectives
Authors: Pallo María Cecilia 
Published: February 2023

Situated on the extreme point of South America, southern Patagonia has yielded the southernmost evidence of Levallois lithic technology. There, enough evidence of the use of a method of core preparation for production of predefined flakes similarly structured to the known Levallois technology (LT) in the Old World is present. An overview of the currently available information (distribution, chronology, frequency, artifact classes, raw materials and techno-morphological attributes) on Levallois technology in southern continental Patagonia and on the Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina and Chile) is presented here in order to discuss its place in the shared technological background of local hunter-gatherers during the Holocene.
The analysis of the information shows that the LT occurs at very low frequency, mainly involving cores, knives and sidescrapers on local raw materials but encompassing a high diversity in terms of ecological contexts and human subsistence. These findings are an indicator that several populations were simultaneously familiar with this technology, possibly through long-distance movements of individuals or social networks to share ideas and information on how to make and use these artifacts. In this regard, the middle Holocene was an important period when the LT became a shared technological phenomenon on a macro-regional scale. However, the evidence on LT is still scarce in Patagonian contexts and emphasizes possible linkages with other reduction strategies, especially the Discoid flaking method, the search for maximize lithic raw material exploitation and even the need to produce versatile tools to deal with a diversity of tasks. It is still unclear therefore whether the LT reflects a truly method to get predetermined flakes with specific morphological features or it mainly attended to other circumstances due to the influence of environment, the spatial organization of human groups or the lithic reduction systems. This issue probably requires an exhaustive study of Levallois cores, specially their own particular sequential development of reduction, frequency and relationship with other knapping techniques recorded in the Patagonian lithic assemblages.