bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D status and tic disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Xiaoxia Lin , Jilong Jiang , Xianrui Chen , Yanhui Chen 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTic disorders (TD) are a common neurodevelopmental disorder, it can be divided into transient tic disorder (TTD), chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD), and Tourette syndrome (TS). Our research is to evaluate the clinical relationship between tic disorders and vitamin D level in children.MethodsOnline databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase digital knowledge service platform, were checked up to June 2022 for relevant observational studies published in Chinese and English. A random-effects model was incorporated to summarize the study results. The RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.ResultsOut of 132 retrieved articles, 13 observational studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis, comparing serum Vitamin D levels between children with TD and HC (healthy controls), including different subtypes of TD (TTD, CTD and TS). The results showed that the serum vitamin D levels in the TD group were lower than those in the HC group (MD = −6.64, 95% CI: −9.36 to −3.93, P &lt; 0.001, Heterogeneity test: P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 94%). There were no statistically significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the CTD group (MD = 3.84, 95% CI: −0.59 to 8.26, P = 0.09, Heterogeneity test: P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 90%), or between the CTD group and the TS group (MD = 1.06, 95% CI: −0.04 to 2.16, P = 0.0, Heterogeneity test: P = 0.54, I2 = 0%). However, there was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the TS group (MD = 5.24, 95% CI: 0.68–9.80, P = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 92%). The study also found a statistically significant difference in the ratio of male children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07–2.03, P = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 74%), but no statistically significant difference in the age of children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: −0.33 to 1.24, P = 0.25, Heterogeneity test: P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 96%).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis showed that the vitamin D level of children with TD was lower than that of healthy children. However, there was no difference between the subgroup. Due to the limitations of included studies in research design and diagnostic criteria, large samples, multi-center and high-quality studies are still needed for further analysis and confirmation.
The role of anion gap normalization time in the management of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Lazar Isaac , Wizeman-Orlov Dorit , Hazan Guy , Orbach Asaf , Haim Alon , Cavari Yuval , Feinstein Yael , Neeman Eitan , Hershkovitz Eli , Faingelernt Yaniv 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionOur aims were to determine whether anion gap normalization time (AGNT) correlates with risk factors related to the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children, and to characterize AGNT as a criterion for DKA resolution in children admitted with moderate or severe disease.MethodsA ten-year retrospective cohort study of children admitted to the intensive care unit with DKA. We used a survival analysis approach to determine changes in serum glucose, bicarbonate, pH, and anion gap following admission. Using multivariate analysis, we examined associations between patients' demographic and laboratory characteristics with delayed normalization of the anion gap.ResultsA total of 95 patients were analyzed. The median AGNT was 8 h. Delayed AGNT (&gt;8 h) correlated with pH &lt; 7.1 and serum glucose &gt;500 mg/dL. In multivariate analysis, glucose &gt;500 mg/dL was associated with an increased risk for delayed AGNT, by 3.41 fold. Each 25 mg/dL elevation in glucose was associated with a 10% increment in risk for delayed AGNT. Median AGNT preceded median PICU discharge by 15 h (8 vs. 23 h).DiscussionAGNT represents a return to normal glucose-based physiology and an improvement in dehydration. The correlation observed between delayed AGNT and markers of DKA severity supports the usefulness of AGNT for assessing DKA recovery.
Protective effects of paeoniflorin on cardiovascular diseases: A pharmacological and mechanistic overview
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Sun Changxin , Zhang Jingyi , Hu Lanqing , Yu Zongliang , Zhang Xiaonan , Wang Zeping , Chen Jiye , Wu Min , Liu Longtao 
Published: June 2023

Background and ethnopharmacological relevance:The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the highest of all diseases, necessitating the search for effective drugs and the improvement of prognosis for CVD patients. Paeoniflorin (5beta-[(Benzoyloxy)methyl] tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2,5-methano-1H-3,4-dioxacyclobuta [cd] pentalen-1alpha (2H)-yl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, C23H28O11) is mostly derived from the plants of the family Paeoniaceae (a single genus family) and is known to possess multiple pharmacological properties in the treatment of CVDs, making it a promising agent for the protection of the cardiovascular system.Aim of the study:This review evaluates the pharmacological effects and potential mechanisms of paeoniflorin in the treatment of CVDs, with the aim of advancing its further development and application.Methods:Various relevant literatures were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Web of Science. All eligible studies were analyzed and summarized in this review.Results:Paeoniflorin is a natural drug with great potential for development, which can protect the cardiovascular system by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-arteriosclerotic activities, improving cardiac function, and inhibiting cardiac remodeling. However, paeoniflorin was found to have low bioavailability, and its toxicology and safety must be further studied and analyzed, and clinical studies related to it must be carried out.Conclusion:Before paeoniflorin can be used as an effective therapeutic drug for CVDs, further in-depth experimental research, clinical trials, and structural modifications or development of new preparations are required.
Development of a UPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drugs and analgesics in human plasma
Authors: Lu Shijia , Zhao Mingming , Zhao Limei , Li Guofei 
Published: May 2023

In hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, sorafenib, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, lenvatinib, and donafenib are first-line drugs; regorafenib, apatinib, and cabozantinib are second-line drugs; and oxycodone, morphine, and fentanyl are commonly used analgesics. However, the high degree of inter- and intra-individual variability in the efficacy and toxicity of these drugs remains an urgent issue. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the most reliable technical means for evaluating drug safety and efficacy. Therefore, we developed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method for simultaneous TDM of three chemotherapy drugs (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and capecitabin), six targeted drugs (sorafenib, donafenib, apatinib, cabozantinib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib), and three analgesics (morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone). We extracted 12 analytes and isotope internal standards (ISs) from plasma samples by magnetic solid phase extraction (mSPE) and separated them using a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 column with water containing 0.1% formic acid and methanol containing 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. The analytical performance of our method in terms of sensitivity, linearity, specificity, carryover, precision, limit of quantification, matrix effect, accuracy, dilution integrity, extraction recovery, stability, and crosstalk of all the analytes under different conditions met all the criteria stipulated by the guidelines of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The response function was estimated at 10.0–10 000.0 ng/mL for sorafenib, donafenib, apatinib, cabozantinib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib, and 20.0–20 000.0 ng/mL for 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, capecitabin, morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone, with a correlation of &gt; 0.9956 for all compounds. The precision and accuracy of all analytes were &lt; 7.21% and 5.62%, respectively. Our study provides empirical support for a simple, reliable, specific, and suitable technique for clinical TDM and pharmacokinetics.
Acute osimertinib exposure induces electrocardiac changes by synchronously inhibiting the currents of cardiac ion channels
Authors: Li Peiwen , Tian Xiaohui , Wang Gongxin , Jiang Enshe , Li Yanming , Hao Guoliang 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: As the third generation of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), osimertinib has demonstrated more significant cardiotoxicity than previous generations of EGFR-TKIs. Investigating the mechanism of osimertinib cardiotoxicity can provide a reference for a comprehensive understanding of osimertinib-induced cardiotoxicity and the safety of the usage of this drug in clinical practice.Methods: Multichannel electrical mapping with synchronous ECG recording was used to investigate the effects of varying osimertinib concentrations on electrophysiological indicators in isolated Langendorff-perfused hearts of guinea pigs. Additionally, a whole-cell patch clamp was used to detect the impact of osimertinib on the currents of hERG channels transfected into HEK293 cells and the Nav1.5 channel transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells and acute isolated ventricular myocytes from SD rats.Results: Acute exposure to varying osimertinib concentrations produced prolongation in the PR interval, QT interval, and QRS complex in isolated hearts of guinea pigs. Meanwhile, this exposure could concentration-dependently increase the conduction time in the left atrium, left ventricle, and atrioventricular without affecting the left ventricle conduction velocity. Osimertinib inhibited the hERG channel in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 2.21 ± 1.29 μM. Osimertinib also inhibited the Nav1.5 channel in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values in the absence of inactivation, 20% inactivation, and 50% inactivation of 15.58 ± 0.83 μM, 3.24 ± 0.09 μM, and 2.03 ± 0.57 μM, respectively. Osimertinib slightly inhibited the currents of L-type Ca2+ channels in a concentration-dependent manner in acutely isolated rat ventricular myocytes.Discussion: Osimertinib could prolong the QT interval; PR interval; QRS complex; left atrium, left ventricle, and atrioventricular conduction time in isolated guinea pig hearts. Furthermore, osimertinib could block the hERG, Nav1.5, and L-type Ca2+ channels in concentration-dependent manners. Therefore, these findings might be the leading cause of the cardiotoxicity effects, such as QT prolongation and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction.
Research trends and hotspots of post-stroke cognitive impairment: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chi Xiansu , Fan Xueming , Fu Guojing , Liu Yue , Zhang Yunling , Shen Wei 
Published: June 2023

Background: Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a major complication of stroke that affects more than one-third of stroke survivors, threatening their quality of life and increasing the risk of disability and death. Although various studies have described the etiology, epidemiology, and risk factors of PSCI, there are a limited number of comprehensive and accurate reports on research trends and hotspots in this field. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate research trends, hotspots, and frontiers in PSCI using bibliometric analysis.Methods: We screened the literature spanning 20 years in the Web of Science Core Collection: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) database from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2022. We included all eligible literature reports based on our comprehensive search strategy, inclusion criteria, and exclusion criteria. The analysis of annual publications, countries/regions, institutions, journals, co-cited references, and keywords was conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, and the hotspots and major findings of PSCI were summarized.Results: A total of 1,024 publications were included in this review. We found that the number of publications on PSCI increased annually. These publications were published in 75 countries or regions by over 400 institutions. Although Chinese institutions had the highest number of publications, their international influence was limited. The United States showed a strong influence in the field. The journal “Stroke” published the most publications (57) with a high impact factor and was considered the most co-cited journal. The most frequently cited references focused on the prevalence, incidence, neuropsychological assessment scales, criteria, and guidelines of PSCI. The strongest citation burst keywords for PSCI were “neurotrophic factor” and “synaptic plasticity”, which were regarded as research focuses and research hotspots, respectively.Conclusion: This review provided a comprehensive summary of the literature of PSCI, identified the authoritative and frequently cited literature and journals, clarified the trends in PSCI research, and highlighted the hotspots in this field. Currently, studies on the mechanisms and treatment of PSCI are limited, and we hope that this review has effectively highlighted the research trajectory of PSCI and will lay the foundation for more innovative research in the future.
Traditional Chinese medicine use is associated with lower risk of pneumonia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Weijie , Wang Yu-Hsun , Yang Kepeng , Ye Xiangsheng , Wang Xinchang , Wei James Cheng-Chung 
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To investigate the association between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy and the risk of pneumonia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods: This population-based control study analyzed the data retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research database in Taiwan. From a cohort of 2 million records of the 2000–2018 period, 9,714 newly diagnosed patients with SLE were initially included. 532 patients with pneumonia and 532 patients without pneumonia were matched 1:1 based on age, sex, and year of SLE diagnosis using propensity score matching. The use of TCM therapy was considered from the SLE diagnosis date to the index date and the cumulative days of TCM therapy were used to calculate the dose effect. Conditional logistic regression was used to investigate the risk of pneumonia infection. Furthermore, to explore the severity of pneumonia in SLE, sensitivity analyses were performed after stratification using the parameters of emergency room visit, admission time, and antibiotic use.Results: TCM therapy for &gt;60 days could significantly reduce the risk of pneumonia in patients with SLE (95% CI = 0.46–0.91; p = 0.012). Stratified analysis showed that TCM use also reduced the risk of pneumonia in younger and female patients with SLE by 34% and 35%, respectively. TCM for &gt;60 days significantly reduced the risk of pneumonia in the follow-up periods of &gt;2, &gt;3, &gt;7, and &gt;8 years. In addition, the exposure of TCM for &gt;60 days reduced the risk of pneumonia in patients with SLE who were treated with antibiotics for moderate or severe pneumonia. Finally, the study found that using formulae to tonify the kidney for more than 90 days and formulae to activate blood circulation for less than 30 days could significantly reduce the risk of pneumonia infection in patients with SLE.Conclusion: TCM use is associated with a lower risk of pneumonia among patients with SLE.
Tanshinone IIA promotes vascular normalization and boosts Sorafenib’s anti-hepatoma activity via modulating the PI3K-AKT pathway
Authors: Qin Chengdong , Liu Siyuan , Zhou Shiqi , Xia Xianghou , Hu Jiejie , Yu Yang , Ma Dening 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Angiogenesis is an essential feature of liver cancer. Tumor hypoxia results from abnormal vessel architecture. Numerous studies have sufficiently demonstrated that Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) can increase blood flow and enhance microcirculation. The objectives of this study are to: 1 assess the impact of Tan IIA on tumor angiogenesis and architecture, 2 determine the impact of Tan IIA on tumor hypoxia and susceptibility to Sorafenib, and 3 clarify the relevant mechanisms.Methods: CCK8 and flow cytometry measured cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Tube creation assay was used to investigate medication effects on angiogenesis and structure. Drug effects on tumor development, metastasis, and hypoxic tumor microenvironment are assessed in an orthotopic xenograft model of liver tumors. Protein expression was measured by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results: Our results demonstrated that Tan IIA could not reduce tumor proliferation or enhance Sorafenib’s anti-tumor effect in vitro. Nevertheless, it can prevent Sorafenib from demolishing the typical vascular structure and aid sorafenib in blocking the recruitment of vascular endothelial cells by liver cancer cells. Although Tan IIA cannot inhibit tumor growth in vivo, it can significantly boost Sorafenib’s inhibitory effect on liver cancer, alleviate tumor microenvironment hypoxia, and minimize lung metastasis. This effect may be achieved by reducing HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression via the PI3K-AKT signal pathway.Discussion: Our results reveal the mechanism of Tan IIA in normalizing tumor blood vessels, provide innovative concepts and approaches to overcome chemotherapy resistance, and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical transformation and usage of Tan IIA.
Progress and prospects of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for urachal carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Yang , Peng Heling , Hu Xu , Ou Yong , Wang Dong , Wang Han , Ren Shangqing 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Urachal carcinoma (UrC) is a rare and aggressive disease. Systematic chemotherapy shows limited efficacy in patients with advanced disease, while targeted therapy and immunotherapy may provide a reasonable alternative for specific populations. The molecular pattern of colorectal cancer (CRC) have recently been identified; this understanding has significantly influenced the clinical management of CRC in terms of molecular-targeted therapy. Although some genetic alterations have been associated with UrC, there is still no systematic overview of the molecular profile of this rare malignancy.Methods: In this review, we comprehensively discuss the molecular profile of UrC and further identify potential targets for the personalized treatment of UrC as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors that represent underlying biomarkers. A systematic literature search was carried out by searching the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to identify all literature related to targeted therapy and immunotherapy in urachal carcinoma from inception to February 2023.Results: A total of 28 articles were eligible, and most studies included were case report sand retrospective case series. Furthermore, 420 cases of UrC were identified to analyze the association between mutations and UrC. The most commonly mutated gene in UrC was TP53 with the prevalence of 70%, followed by KRAS mutations in 28.3%, MYC mutations in 20.3%, SMAD4 mutations in 18.2% and GNAS mutations in 18%, amongst other genes.Discussion: The molecular patterns of UrC and CRC are similar yet distinct. Notably, targeted therapy, especially EGFR-targeting therapy, might provide curative efficacy for patients with UrC by applying specific molecular markers. Additional potential biomarkers for the immunotherapy of UrC are mismatch repair (MMR) status and PD-L1 expression profile. In addition, combined regimens featuring targeted agents and immune checkpoint blockers might increase antitumor activity and exert better efficacy in UrC patients with specific mutational burden.
Single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth thulium-doped fiber laser based on an eye-shaped dual-ring filter
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Yan Fengping , Guo Hao , Wang Wei , Qin Qi , Yang Dandan , Wang Pengfei , Li Ting , Yu Chenhao , Guan Biao , Kumamoto Kazuo , Suo Yuping , Bai Yan 
Published: May 2023

A single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) thulium-doped fiber laser, based on an eye-shaped passive dual-ring filter, is designed and constructed. The eye-shaped passive compound cavity consisting of four couplers is used to increase the longitudinal mode spacing, and its performance is numerically analyzed in detail. A homemade uniform fiber Bragg grating serves as a wavelength selection device and a saturable absorber is used to further suppress the intense longitudinal mode competition in the laser cavity, ensuring the single-longitudinal-mode output. The experimental results demonstrate a laser output with a center wavelength of 2,049.85 nm and an optical signal-to-noise ratio of 63 dB. Moreover, the power fluctuation is less than 0.6 dB, and the center wavelength fluctuation is less than 0.03 nm over a continuous measurement period of 60 min, demonstrating an excellent stability. The laser linewidth is measured using an unbalanced Michelson interferometer and β-separation line method, resulting in a linewidth of 11.22 kHz.
Physical design of a compact injector for synchrotron-based proton therapy
Authors: Qiao Jian , Yan Nan , Huang Zike , Zhong Yang , Wang Jiazhou , Xie Xiucui , Pu Yuehu , Hu Weigang 
Published: June 2023

A compact room-temperature linear injector has been purposed to accelerate an 18.0 mA proton beam to 7.0 MeV for synchrotron-based proton therapy. The total length is appropriately 5 m. It mainly consists of a 3.01 m radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and a 0.82 m compact interdigital H-mode drift tube linac (IH-DTL) structure. Based on a fast-bunching strategy, the RFQ, operated at 325 MHz, accelerates protons to 3.0 MeV. The phase advances have been taken into consideration, and parametric resonance has been carefully avoided by adjusting the vane parameters. After the modulation of the transverse and longitudinal phase advances and a compact external quadrupole triplet, the proton beam is injected into the subsequent IH-DTL. Based on modified Kombinierte Null Grad Strukter (KONUS) beam dynamics, it accelerates protons up to 7.0 MeV, which is composed of a re-bunching section and an accelerating section. The accelerating gradient reaches 4.88 MV/m. The overall dynamic simulation results show that the whole accelerating gradient reaches up to 1.62 MV/m with a transmission efficiency above 95%. The transverse and longitudinal normalized RMS emittances at the exit of the DTL are 0.23 π mm·mrad and 2.216 π keV/u·ns, which meet the synchrotron injection requirements. The details of the specific design of this injector are presented in this paper.