bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-year prognostic utility of plasma p217+tau across the Alzheimer’s continuum
Authors: Feizpour Azadeh , Doré Vincent , Doecke James D. , Saad Ziad S. , Triana-Baltzer Gallen , Slemmon Randy , Maruff Paul , Krishnadas Natasha , Bourgeat Pierrick , Huang Kun , Fowler Christopher , Rainey-Smith Stephanie R. , Bush Ashley I. , Ward Larry , Robertson Joanne , Martins Ralph N. , Masters Colin L. , Villemagne Victor L. , Fripp Jurgen , Kolb Hartmuth C. , Rowe Christopher C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Plasma p217+tau has shown high concordance with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) measures of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, its association with longitudinal cognition and comparative performance to PET Aβ and tau in predicting cognitive decline are unknown.
Objectives: To evaluate whether p217+tau can predict the rate of cognitive decline observed over two-year average follow-up and compare this to prediction based on Aβ (18F-NAV4694) and tau (18F-MK6240) PET. We also explored the sample size required to detect a 30% slowing in cognitive decline in a 2-year trial and selection test cost using p217+tau (pT+) as compared to PET Aβ (A+) and tau (T+) with and without p217+tau pre-screening.
Design: A prospective observational cohort study.
Setting: Participants of the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL) and Australian Dementia Network (ADNeT).
Participants: 153 cognitively unimpaired (CU) and 50 cognitively impaired (CI) individuals.
Measurements: Baseline p217+tau Simoa® assay, 18F-MK6240 tau-PET and 18F-NAV4694 Aβ-PET with neuropsychological follow-up (MMSE, CDR-SB, AIBL-PACC) over 2.4 ± ﻿0.8 years.
Results: In CI, p217+tau was a significant predictor of change in MMSE (β = -0.55, p < 0.001) and CDR-SB (β =0.61, p < 0.001) with an effect size similar to Aβ Centiloid (MMSE β = -0.48, p = 0.002; CDR-SB β = 0.43, p = 0.004) and meta-temporal (MetaT) tau SUVR (MMSE: β = -0.62, p < 0.001; CDR-SB: β = 0.65, p < 0.001). In CU, only MetaT tau SUVR was significantly associated with change in AIBL-PACC (β = -0.22, p = 0.008). Screening pT+ CI participants into a trial could lead to 24% reduction in sample size compared to screening with PET for A+ and 6-13% compared to screening with PET for T+ (different regions). This would translate to an 81-83% biomarker test cost-saving assuming the p217+tau test cost one-fifth of a PET scan. In a trial requiring PET A+ or T+, p217+tau pre-screening followed by PET in those who were pT+ would cost more in the CI group, compared to 26-38% biomarker test cost-saving in the CU.
Conclusions: Substantial cost reduction can be achieved using p217+tau alone to select participants with MCI or mild dementia for a clinical trial designed to slow cognitive decline over two years, compared to participant selection by PET. In pre-clinical AD trials, p217+tau provides significant cost-saving if used as a pre-screening measure for PET A+ or T+ but in MCI/mild dementia trials this may add to cost both in testing and in the increased number of participants needed for testing.
Network attacks detection across infrastructures using an auto-labeling method and network-based Deep Inductive Transfer Learning approach
Authors: Vu Dinh-Minh , Nguyen Gia Bach , Tran Hoang Hai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An alarming number of cyber attacks have been witnessed in recent years, especially during COVID-19 epidemic. Many prevention measures have been proposed as a defense line for a network infrastructure, including Intrusion Detection System (IDS). A variance of IDS using Machine Learning and Deep Learning to detect network anomalies is gaining promising results. However, this approach also poses limitations regarding the indigenous dataset acquisition or the ability to apply a model learned from a benchmark dataset to different network infrastructures. Therefore, this paper proposes a reliable automatic labeling method for a new network dataset, and a Deep Transfer Learning model to detect both known and unknown attacks across different network infrastructures, then compares with other approaches. Network attacks detection using auto-labeling and network-based Deep Learning The obtained results reveal an outstanding performance of Transfer-Learning model, in comparison with non Transfer-Learning method, on two benchmark datasets (NSL-KDD, CIC-IDS2017) and a self-captured simulated network dataset using the auto-labeling approach. Furthermore, the model is verified to retain both new and old knowledge after the transfer learning process, which has not been mentioned in other studies, focusing only on learning new knowledge ability.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of early-stage HER2 low-expression breast cancer:A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Liu Chang-Gen , Mao Yan , Li Yi-Fan , Ma Tian-Yi , Lv Meng , Lv Zhi-Dong , Wang Yuan-Yuan , Liu Xiang-Ping , Wang Hai-Bo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Owing to the emergence of drugs targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), remarkable prognostic enhancement has been seen for patients with HER2-positive breast carcinoma. However, anti-HER2 medicines are applicable merely to individuals with HER2-positive tumors, and the benefit for those with low HER2 expression is unclear. The DESTINY-Breast04 phase III and RC48 clinical trial results showed the benefit of antibody-drug couples for low HER2-expressing individuals with breast carcinoma. Hence, the purposes of the present work are to explore the clinicopathological traits and prognostic differences in the HER2-low expression Chinese population with early-stage breast carcinoma.
Methods: Data from the database of the Breast Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were collected from January 2008 to December 2017. We screened a total of 4,598 patients, of which 2,837 had HER2-0 tumors and 1,761 had HER2-low tumors. Additionally, clinicopathological characteristics, survival, and prognostic information were obtained. Difference comparisons were made between HER2-0 and HER2-low groups regarding the clinical traits and outcomes.
Results: In contrast to HER2-0 tumors, the HER2-low tumors were linked to an older median age at diagnosis, T1 tumors, N1 stage, a higher Ki-67 index, as well as inferior histological grade. Insignificant inter-group difference was noted regarding overall survival (OS), although the HER2–0 group exhibited better disease-free survival (DFS) than the HER2-low group for the entire (P = 0.003), lymph node-negative (P = 0.009) and HR-positive (P = 0.007) populations. According to the multivariate regression finding, low HER2 expression was an inferior DFS prognostic factor in the HER2-negative population with early-stage breast cancer (HR, 1.294; 95% CI, 1.035–1.619; P = 0.024).
Conclusions: The clinical traits of the HER2-low tumors differed from those of HER2–0 tumors. HER2-low is an inferior prognostic factor for disease progression in early-stage breast cancer.
Clinical characteristics and novel ZEB2 gene mutation analysis of three Chinese patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome
Authors: HAN Xiao , ZHANG Qian-juan , WANG Cheng-cheng , HAN Bing-juan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a pathogenic variant of the ZEB2 gene. The main clinical manifestations include special facial features, Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), global developmental delay and other congenital malformations. Here, we summarize the clinical characteristics and genetic mutation analysis of three Chinese patients with MWS.
Patients and Methods:The clinical characteristics of the patients were monitored and the treatment effect was followed up. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and analyzed by sequencing. Whole exome sequencing was then performed.
Results: Three novel ZEB2 gene mutations were identified in 3 patients (c.1147_1150dupGAAC, p.Q384Rfs*7, c.1137_1146del TAGTATGTCT, p.S380Nfs *13 and c.2718delT, p.A907Lfs*23). They all had special facial features, intellectual disability, developmental delay, microcephaly, structural brain abnormalities and other symptoms. After long-term regular rehabilitation treatment, the development quotient of each functional area of the patient was slightly improved.
Conclusion: Our study expanded the mutation spectrum of ZEB2 and enriched our understanding of the clinical features of MWS. It also shows that long-term standardized treatment is of great significance for the prognosis of patients.
Effect of blood transfusion on TNFα, IL-1, and IL-6 cytokine gene expression in abdominal aortic aneurysm repair patients
Authors: Chegini Azita , Valizadeh Samad , Samiee Shahram , Zandpazandi Sara , Behnaz Faranak 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA or triple A) is a localized enlargement of the aorta in the abdominal region, with a diameter of 3 cm or more and also 50% larger than normal. AAA is the most common form of aortic aneurysm, about 85% of which occur below the kidneys, at the level, or above the kidneys. In case of aortic rupture, the patient's mortality rate will be 85% to 90%. It is estimated that about 0.2% of blood recipients have a systemic inflammatory response. Considering the vital need of aortic aneurysm patients for blood transfusion, we evaluated the gene expression changes of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 and 6 (IL-1 and 6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in these patients before anesthesia, after anesthesia, at different intervals after transfusion until the patient's discharge time.
Materials and methods: On the time intervals of before anesthesia, after anesthesia, and before blood transfusion in the operating room, 24 and 48 hours after blood transfusion (pact cells) in the ICU and surgery department, and at the time of discharge, gene expression sampling was performed. The samples were taken and the total RNA was extracted. To quantitatively measure the genes of transcription factors, Real-time PCR was performed. T-test was used to analyze the gene expression after calculating fold change.
Results: IL-1 gene expression increased in 24 hours after blood transfusion (24 h)(P=0.0376) and discharge time (P=0.0301), after anesthesia (AA) (P=0.235), and 72 hours after blood transfusion (P=0.1667).
IL-6 gene expression changes after blood transfusion showed increased expression 24 hours after blood transfusion(P=0.046), and at the time of discharge (P=0.0473). TNF-α gene expression increased after anesthesia (AA) (P=0.699), in 24 hours after blood transfusion (24 h) (P=0.0625), 72 hours after blood transfusion (P=0.0121), and discharge time (P=0.0141).
Conclusion: These changes showed IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α gene expression increased 24 h after transfusion and upon discharge.
Effect of intercavernous sinus drainage pattern on exactness of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling results in foretell the area of Cushing’s disease tumors
Authors: Jiao Henan , Bi Jiajia , Li Xueyuan , Zhu Xuqiang , Ma Siqi , Song Yu , Yan Dongming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Cushing’s disease(CD) is originatedfromimmoderatedischarge of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from tumor cells, which leads to adrenal cortical hyperplasia and excessive glucocorticoid secretion, resulting in disordered metabolism of various substances, and hypercortisolism. The purpose of this research was to assess the effect of the intercavernous sinus drainage pattern on ability of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) to predict tumor location in patients with CD.
Methods
The clinical data of 50 patients with CD who experienced BIPSS in the Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between August 2018 and April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Data included the patients’ basic preoperative clinical data, preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the pituitary gland, BIPSS results, grading of the intercavernous sinus drainage pattern, and intraoperative determination of tumor location. A chi-square test was performed to evaluate the correlates with the actual tumor lateralization during transsphenoidal surgery in both symmetric and asymmetric intercavernous sinus drainage patterns. In the asymmetric drainage pattern, a chi-square goodness-of-fit test was conducted for two classified variables: whether the mean nondominant side/peripheral ACTH ratio was greater than 1, and whether the tumor was located on the nondominant side. The mean nondominant side/peripheral ACTH ratio was defined as a.
Results
BIPSS results showed that the right side of the intercavernous sinus drainage pattern was much more likely to be the dominant side [21 cases (42.0%)] than the left side [11 cases (22.0%)]. In symmetric drainage patterns, BIPSS prediction of tumor lateralization waslargelyrelatedto intraoperative tumor location (p < 0.001). In asymmetric drainage patterns, tumor lateralization was related to a (p = 0.034). The tumor was located on the nondominant side when a was greater than 1 and on the dominant side when a was less than 1.
Conclusion
The intercavernous sinus drainage pattern influences the accuracy of BIPSS for prediction of tumor location in Cushing’s disease. The combination of intercavernous sinus drainage pattern and the comparison of nondominant IPSS with the peripheral ACTH gradient can be used for accurate prediction of tumor location CD.
Comparison of a Multiplex Real-Time PCR technique with Oxford Nanopore Technologies Next-Generation-Sequencing for identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Authors: Ahmadi Zahra , Maleki Ali , Eybpoosh Sana , Fereydouni Zahra , Tavakoli Mahsa , Kashanian Setareh , Asadi Laya , Nemati Amir Hesam , Salehi-Vaziri Mostafa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background; The rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and their potential to endangering the global health, has increased the demand for a fast-tracking method in comparison to the Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) as a gold standard assay, particularly in developing countries. This study was designed to evaluate the performance of a commercial multiplex Real-Time PCR technique (GA SARS-CoV-2 OneStep RT-PCR Kit) for identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern compared to Oxford Nanopore Next-Generation-Sequencing assay.
Materials and Methods; A total of 238 SARS-CoV-2 positive respiratory samples from different waves of COVID-19 in Iran were randomly included in this study. To determine the SARS-CoV-2 VOC, the samples were analyzed via the commercial triple target assay, GA SARS-CoV-2 OneStep RT-PCR Kit, and Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) as well.
Results; The results revealed good concordance between GA SARS-CoV-2 OneStep RT-PCR Kit and NGS for identification of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. GA SARS-CoV-2 OneStep RT-PCR Kit identified Wuhan, Alpha and Delta variants with 100% relative sensitivity and specificity. Regarding Omicron subvariants of BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 the relative sensitivity of 100%, 100% and 81.5% and the relative specificity of 95.3%, 93.5%, and 100% were observed.
Conclusion; Overall, GA SARS-CoV-2 OneStep RT-PCR Kit can be used as a rapid and cost-effective alternative to NGS for identification of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.
Ultrabroadband Dispersion of Third-Order Terahertz Nonlinearities
Authors: Jepsen Peter Uhd , Zhou Binbin , Rasmussen Mattias , Yan Siqi , Noori Narwan Kabir , Nagy Oliver , Ding Yunhong , Lange Simon Jappe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Terahertz (THz) radiation sources based on two-color femtosecond plasmas in air is becoming a mature technology for coherent spectroscopy and strong-field physics across the extended THz range to several tens of THz, or photon energies >100 meV. Here we highlight the performance of THz time-domain spectroscopy using such sources with examples of reflection spectroscopy of single-crystal gallium arsenide (GaAs) and transmission spectroscopy of thin-film fused silica (amorphous SiO2) using air-biased coherent detection (ABCD). We present our implementation of solid-state biased coherent detection (SSBCD) with >30 THz bandwidth and minimum probe energy requirements in the sub-nanojoule range. We use a back-to-back measurement with ABCD and SSBCD as a novel method to measure the absolute value and dispersion of the relevant third-order nonlinearity χ(3) (-(2ω±Ω);ω,ω,Ω) for fused silica (SiO2) and silicon nitride (SiN) across the Ω/2π=1-40 THz frequency range. We demonstrate that vibrational modes in SiO2 in the THz range leads to strong, resonant enhancement of the nonlinearity. The method presented here for measurement of higher-order nonlinearities induced by ultrabroadband THz radiation will be advantageous for advanced pulse detection concepts and promising for static, pump-probe and nonlinear multidimensional spectroscopy.
Temporal and Institutional Trends in Robotic Surgery
Authors: Pordal A , Guerra JD , Morin D , Patil Sachin , Jacobs MJ , Oppat W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction

Robotic surgery has become increasingly prevalent in general surgery practice. While previous studies have shown the safety and efficacy of robotic assistance in laparoscopic general surgery procedures, few studies have evaluated the temporal and regional trends in implementation. In our retrospective population-based study, we aim to evaluate the national trends in robotic surgery.

Methods

National Inpatient Database (NIS 2009–2014) was used to identify adults who underwent robotic assisted surgery (ICD 9 codes 17.41 to 17.49). Robotic procedures related to seven abdominal organ systems were compared against the trends of Urology, Gynaecologic, and Orthopedic robotic procedures. Discharge weights were applied to calculate National temporal trends separated by hospital size, teaching status and US geographic region.

Results

894,163 patients received a robotic assisted procedure between 2009 and 2014 with 64% increase in utilization. The largest percent change was witnessed in biliary robotic procedures with 2984% change in utilization, followed by hernia (1376%). Lowest percent change was witnessed in esophageal procedures with 114% increase. Medium sized hospitals had the largest change in robotic utilization (41%), with large institutions seeing 18% decrease. Gastric procedures were the most common robotic procedure performed at small institutions (7917 total cases; 316%). Large institutions saw an overall decrease in gastric (-47%), esophageal (-17%), small and large intestinal (-16%), and hepatic (-7%) robotic procedures. Rural non-teaching hospitals saw the largest increase in robotic surgery (274%). Urban non-teaching hospitals saw a decrease of 29%. While urban teaching institutions saw a 20% and 6% increase in gynecological and urological procedures, an overall decrease was seen in esophageal (-10%), gastric (-12%), intestinal (-11%), hepatic (-17%), biliary (-10%), pancreatic (-11%) and hernia procedures (-14%). Biliary procedures saw the largest increase in rural institutions (740 cases; 392%), followed by hernia (144% increase). South region of the nation had the largest increase in robotic procedures (23%). No change was seen in the use of robotic surgery in the northeast region with the midwest and west seeing an overall decrease (-4% and − 22%, respectively).

Conclusion

Our study highlights the increase in use of robotics for both general and specialty surgery, with an increase in utilization over time. Increased incidence of robotic surgery in smaller, rural institutions with overall decrease in larger, urban teaching hospitals suggests increasing comfort in robotic surgery in the community setting. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the factors associated with increased utilization in smaller institutions.
Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and Folate Level: Possible Risk Factors in the
Progression of Chronic Heart and Kidney Disorders
Authors: Mohan Aditi , Kumar Ravi , Kumar Vivek , Yadav Mahendra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Cobalamin is an essential molecule for humans; it is exceptionally important for various
body functions, including deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and cellular energy production. Vegans
are more vulnerable to vitamin B12 deficiency than natives with moderate consumption of animal
dietary supplements or people with inadequate nutritional patterns. However, the long-term effects
of sub-medical deficiency have not been thoroughly studied, but they may have a negative impact
on the cardiovascular system, pregnancy outcomes, and vascular, renal, cognitive, bone, and eye
health. Alongside the statin remedy, that is a powerful approach for CVD prevention. Another approach
is related to the B nutrition substitution remedy with folic acid, and vitamins B6 and B12
are extensively practised nowadays. There is a tremendous interest in plasma homocysteine (tHcy)
as a cardiovascular hazard factor. However, current research in the field of its prevention is more
inclined toward confirming the benefit of tHcy-reducing remedy with vitamin B12. Thus, while folic
acid fortification is primarily aimed at reducing neural-tube defects, it may also play a significant
role in the primary prevention of CVD by lowering tHcy. Folate and B-vitamins play important
roles in CVD prevention and nutrition policy implementation. Patients affected with
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or end-stage Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) experience a tremendous
cardiovascular threat that may also further lead to death. As a result, routine monitoring of
vitamin B12 levels is likely to be beneficial for the early detection and treatment of metabolic vitamin
B12 deficiency, as well as the prevention of heart-related diseases.
Comparative Evaluation of 99mTc-Octreotide for Diagnostic Accuracy Assessment and Localization of 177Lu-DOTA-TATE in Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Ahmed Naseer , Ammar Ayesha , Bashir Kahkashan , Fatima Shazia , Zia Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad Adnan , Faheem Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Neuroendocrine tumors, due to uncommon and multi-centric origin, pose a clinical challenge for their diagnosis and treatment. Developing countries where Ga-68 DOTA-TOC/NOC PET imaging is very limited and costly, 99mTc based SSR imaging can be used as the key tool for its diagnosis and assessment of therapy response. Hence we used two different 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals for NET imaging designated as RP-1 and RP-2 for clinical assessment and peptide receptor therapy response of 177Lu-DOTA-TATE by manually synthesized acetate buffer. 99mTc- labeled RP-1 and RP-2 sensitivity, specificity; positive and negative predictive values were calculated and compared by SPECT/CT images for utilization in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).

Method:
Sodium-pertechnetate was used for labeling both radiopharmaceuticals, while 177Lu nca (0.04 N HCl) DOTA-TATE was synthesized by 0.1M ammonium acetate/ascorbic acid. 75 patients of known primary NET imaging with RP-1 and RP-2 were evaluated for SRR avidity and 3 were selected for PRRT. All images were correlated with 68Ga-DOTA-TOC scan, histopathology, CT and/or MRI reports.

Results:
Out of 75 patients, the somatostatin receptor imaging of 39 patients of neuro-endocrine was performed with RP-1, found 23 as true positive, 7 as true negative with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 71.87%, 100%, 100% and 43.75%, whereas 36 images with RP-2 calculated 22 T/P, 6 as T/N, 8 as F/N, with 75.8%, 100%, 100% and 50% respectively. Their 177Lu-DOTA-TATE SPECT/CT revealed specific localization of therapeutic radionuclide.

Conclusion:
99mTc-imaging of RP-2, as compared to RP-1, had better efficiency and sensitivity and could effectively be used as an alternative to Ga-68 DOTA/TOC PET imaging and Lu-177 DOTA-TATE PRRT therapy response evaluation.