bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editing Early Modern Women’s Writing
Authors: Salzman Paul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores how the theory and practice of editing early modern women’s writing intersects with a series of advances, critiques, and crises in editorial methods generally. The trajectory of editing early modern women has been reconfigured after scholars such as Margaret Ezell pointed to a longer, more rigorous history of the visibility of early modern women’s writing during the nineteenth century. This richer history feeds into the story we now tell about the reception of early modern women’s writing and its ‘recovery’ during the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This chapter explores the tensions between a drive towards pedagogy, and an at times counter-movement that involves academic editing. The chapter outlines some of these innovations and explores how they have been brought about by the specific requirements of early modern women’s writing, and how far they have reached into the scholarly and teaching community as a whole.
Chronology in Iron Age Europe
Authors: Haselgrove Colin , Rebay-Salisbury Katharina , Wells Peter S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter begins by examining how understandings of the duration of the European Iron Age vary and the factors shaping these perceptions, from the date at which iron was adopted, to the divergent trajectories of different regions consequent on the rise of Greece and Rome. An array of chronological schemes and terminologies have developed across Europe, not always compatible with one another. Many periodizations, including the Hallstatt–La Tène system of western and central Europe, are grounded in cultural historical models elaborated over a century ago from basic typological and stratigraphic principles. The chapter examines the methods used to construct relative and absolute chronologies for the Iron Age, from historical cross-dating to modern scientific techniques, and reviews their strengths and weaknesses. Finally it explores how the chronological precision made possible by the increasingly widespread adoption of Bayesian approaches is fast transforming how we study the period.
Kinase MxMPK4-1 and calmodulin-binding protein MxIQM3 enhance apple root acidification during Fe deficiency
Authors: Sun Qiran , Zhai Longmei , Zhao Danrui , Gao Min , Wu Yue , Wu Ting , Zhang Xinzhong , Xu Xuefeng , Han Zhenhai , Wang Yi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIron (Fe) deficiency is a long-standing issue in plant mineral nutrition. Ca2+ signals and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade are frequently activated in parallel to perceive external cues, but their interplay under Fe deficiency stress remains largely unclear. Here, the kinase MxMPK4-1, which is induced during the response to Fe deficiency stress in apple rootstock Malus xiaojinensis, cooperates with IQ-motif containing protein3 (MxIQM3). MxIQM3 gene expression, protein abundance, and phosphorylation level increased under Fe deficiency stress. The overexpression of MxIQM3 in apple calli and rootstocks mitigated the Fe deficiency phenotype and improved stress tolerance, whereas RNA interference or silencing of MxIQM3 in apple calli and rootstocks, respectively, worsened the phenotype and reduced tolerance to Fe deficiency. MxMPK4-1 interacted with MxIQM3 and subsequently phosphorylated MxIQM3 at Ser393, and co-expression of MxMPK4-1 and MxIQM3 in apple calli and rootstocks enhanced Fe deficiency responses. Furthermore, MxIQM3 interacted with the central-loop region of the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase MxHA2. Phospho-mimicking mutation of MxIQM3 at Ser393 inhibited binding to MxHA2, but phospho-abolishing mutation promoted interaction with both the central-loop and C terminus of MxHA2, demonstrating phosphorylation of MxIQM3 caused dissociation from MxHA2 and therefore increased H+ secretion. Moreover, Ca2+/MxCAM7 (Calmodulin7) regulated the MxMPK4-1-MxIQM3 module in response to Fe deficiency stress. Overall, our results demonstrate that MxMPK4-1-MxIQM3 forms a functional complex and positively regulates PM H+-ATPase activity in Fe deficiency responses, revealing a versatile mechanism of Ca2+/MxCAM7 signaling and MAPK cascade under Fe deficiency stress.
Efficacy of subcutaneous vs intravenous infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis: a post-hoc analysis of a randomized phase III trial
Authors: Constantin Arnaud , Caporali Roberto , Edwards Christopher J , Fonseca João Eurico , Iannone Florenzo , Keystone Edward , Schulze-Koops Hendrik , Kwon Taek , Kim Seungmin , Yoon SangWook , Kim Dong-Hyeon , Park Gahee , Yoo Dae Hyun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The primary endpoint of the pivotal phase III study of infliximab (IFX) s.c. demonstrated non-inferiority of s.c. to i.v. IFX, based on 28-joint DAS-CRP (DAS28-CRP) improvement at week (W) 22 (NCT03147248). This post-hoc analysis investigated whether numerical differences in efficacy outcomes at W30/54 were statistically significant, using conservative imputation methods.

Methods
Patients with active RA and inadequate response to MTX received IFX i.v. 3 mg/kg at W0 and W2 (induction) and were randomized (1:1) to IFX s.c. 120 mg every 2 weeks or i.v. 3 mg/kg every 8 weeks thereafter (maintenance). Patients randomized to IFX i.v. switched to IFX s.c. from W30–54. This post-hoc analysis compared efficacy outcomes for s.c. and i.v. groups pre-switch (W30) and post-switch (W54) using last observation carried forward (LOCF) and non-responder imputation (NRI) methods.

Results
Of 343 randomized patients, 165 (IFX s.c.) and 174 (IFX i.v.) were analysed. At W30, significantly improved outcomes were identified with s.c. vs i.v. IFX for DAS28-CRP/DAS28-ESR/Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)/Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) scores (LOCF); ACR/good EULAR responses, DAS28-CRP/Boolean remission, and DAS28-CRP/DAS28-ESR/CDAI/SDAI low disease activity and remission (LOCF and/or NRI); and minimal clinically important difference in HAQ score (LOCF and NRI). After switching to IFX s.c. from IFX i.v., fewer significant between-group differences were identified at W54.

Conclusion
IFX s.c. showed improved efficacy at W30 compared with IFX i.v., and the reduced between-group difference in efficacy outcomes at W54 after switching supports the results suggesting benefits of IFX s.c. compared with IFX i.v. at W30.

Trial registration
ClincialTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03147248, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03147248.
Slim Modiolar Electrode Placement in Candidates for Electroacoustic Stimulation
Authors: Kay-Rivest Emily , Winchester Arianna , McMenomey Sean O. , Jethanamest Daniel , Roland J. Thomas , Friedmann David R. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
To determine rates of hearing preservation and performance in patients who met candidacy for electroacoustic stimulation (EAS) and were implanted with a slim modiolar electrode (CI532 or CI632).

Design:
Adult patients meeting Food and Drug Administration criteria for electroacoustic stimulation (preoperative low-frequency pure-tone average [LFPTA] less than 60 dB at 125, 250, and 500 Hz and monosyllabic word scores between 10% and 60% in the ear to be implanted), who received a slim modiolar electrode were included. Main outcome measures included rates of hearing preservation, defined as a LFPTA ≤80 dB at 125, 250, and 500 Hz, as well as postoperative low-frequency pure-tone threshold shifts, consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) word scores and AzBio sentences in noise scores.

Results:
Forty-six patients met inclusion criteria during a 4-year period. Mean (standard deviation) preoperative LFPTA was 34.5 (13.0) dB, and 71.7% had preserved hearing at initial activation. The mean LFPTA shift in patients who preserved hearing at initial activation was 19.7 (14.6) dB, compared with 62.6 (17.7) dB in patients who did not preserve hearing as per our definition. Perioperative steroid use was not different in patients with and without preserved hearing (X2 (1, N = 46) = 0.19, p = .67, V = 0.06). One year after surgery, 57% of patients had a decline in LFPTA >80 dB and were no longer considered candidates for EAS, with 34.7% still retaining low-frequency thresholds ≤80 dB. CNC word scores at 1 year were 69.9% and 61.4% among individuals with and without preserved low-frequency hearing respectively, measured in their CI ear alone, in their regular listening condition of EAS or electric only (t(32) = 1.13, p = 0.27, d = 0.39, 95% CI = –6.51, 22.86). Device use time did not differ between groups. Among adults with preserved residual hearing at 1 year (n = 16), 44% used EAS, although there was no significant difference in performance between EAS users and nonusers with preserved hearing. Loss of residual hearing over time did not result in a decline in speech perception performance.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated favorable early rates of hearing preservation with a slim modiolar array. Performance was not significantly different in individuals with and without preserved low-frequency acoustic hearing, independent of EAS use. Compared with reports of short electrode use, the loss of residual hearing in patients implanted with this array did not impact speech perception performance.
Auditory Environments and Hearing Aid Feature Activation Among Younger and Older Listeners in an Urban and Rural Area
Authors: Jorgensen Erik , Xu Jingjing , Chipara Octav , Oleson Jacob , Galster Jason , Wu Yu-Hsiang 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in auditory environments and hearing aid feature activation between younger listeners with normal hearing and older listeners with hearing loss in an urban and rural location. We hypothesized that (1) urban dwellers and younger listeners would encounter more diverse and demanding auditory environments than rural dwellers and older listeners, respectively; (2) the advanced hearing aid features (noise reduction and directional microphone) of urban dwellers and younger listeners would be activated more frequently than rural dwellers and older listeners, respectively.

Design:
The design of this study was cross-sectional with repeated measures. A total of 12 older adults with hearing loss (OHL-U) and 11 younger adults with normal hearing (YNH-U) were recruited from an urban area (Berkeley, California) and 13 older adults with hearing loss (OHL-R) and 10 YNH-U were recruited from a rural area (Iowa City, Iowa). Participants wore hearing aids that recorded data about their listening environments and completed ecological momentary assessments for 1 week.

Results:
The YNH-U group experienced higher sound pressure levels and hearing aid features were activated more frequently than in the OHL groups. The OHL-R group experienced significantly less diverse sound pressure levels than the YNH-U group. The YNH-R group had sound levels between the YNH-U group and the OHL groups but without significant differences from any other group. The YNH groups showed a greater likelihood of hearing aid feature activation than the OHL-R group.

Conclusions:
Demographics affect auditory environments and the activation of hearing aid features. Younger urban dwellers have the most diverse or demanding auditory environments and hearing aid feature activation, and older, rural dwellers with hearing loss have the least diverse or demanding auditory environments and hearing aid feature activation. Future studies of real-world auditory environments and audiology intervention effectiveness should consider location in recruitment and interpretation of results.
Benefits of Text Supplementation on Sentence Recognition and Subjective Ratings With and Without Facial Cues for Listeners With Normal Hearing
Authors: Zhong Ling , Ricketts Todd A. , Roberts Richard A. , Picou Erin M. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
Recognizing speech through telecommunication can be challenging in unfavorable listening conditions. Text supplementation or provision of facial cues can facilitate speech recognition under some circumstances. However, our understanding of the combined benefit of text and facial cues in telecommunication is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of text supplementation for sentence recognition scores and subjective ratings of spoken speech with and without facial cues available.

Design:
Twenty adult females (M = 24 years, range 21 to 29 years) with normal hearing performed a sentence recognition task and also completed a subjective rating questionnaire in 24 conditions. The conditions varied by integrity of the available facial cues (clear facial cues, slight distortion facial cues, great distortion facial cues, no facial cues), signal-to-noise ratio (quiet, +1 dB, −3 dB), and text availability (with text, without text). When present, the text was an 86 to 88% accurate transcription of the auditory signal presented at a 500 ms delay relative to the auditory signal.

Results:
The benefits of text supplementation were largest when facial cues were not available and when the signal-to-noise ratio was unfavorable. Although no recognition score benefit was present in quiet, recognition benefit was significant in all levels of background noise for all levels of facial cue integrity. Moreover, participant subjective ratings of text benefit were robust and present even in the absence of recognition benefit. Consistent with previous literature, facial cues were beneficial for sentence recognition scores in the most unfavorable signal-to-noise ratio, even when greatly distorted. It is interesting that, although all levels of facial cues were beneficial for recognition scores, participants rated a significant benefit only with clear facial cues.

Conclusions:
The benefit of text for auditory-only and auditory-visual speech recognition is evident in recognition scores and subjective ratings; the benefit is larger and more robust for subjective ratings than for scores. Therefore, text supplementation might provide benefit that extends beyond speech recognition scores. Combined, these findings support the use of text supplementation in telecommunication, even when facial cues are concurrently present, such as during teleconferencing or watching television.
Efficacy of Tailor-Made Notched Music Training Versus Tinnitus Retraining Therapy in Adults With Chronic Subjective Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Tong Zhaopeng , Deng Wenting , Huang Xiayin , Dong Hanwen , Li Jiahong , Zhao Fei , Chen Guisheng , Zhou Xueqing , Li Hongyu , Lan Liping , Huang Hemei , Chen Yu-Chen , Zheng Yiqing , Cai Yuexin 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
Chronic subjective tinnitus can have a serious effect on daily life, even causing serious psychological disorders. Currently there are no specific effective solutions or cures. Tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT) is a recently proposed sound therapy that has simpler processes and a higher compliance rate than tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT), a widely used treatment for chronic subjective tinnitus. This study explores the therapeutic effect of TMNMT in comparison to TRT to highlight its clinical value.

Design:
The study was a randomized controlled, single-blinded clinical trial. One hundred twenty eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive TMNMT (n = 60) or TRT (n = 60) for 3 mo with concurrent follow-up. It should be noted that the duration of sound treatment in TRT was modified to 2 hr per day for better feasibility in practice. The primary outcome was mean change in tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) measured at baseline (T
0), 1 mo (T
1) and 3 mo (T
2) after intervention. Change in visual analog scale (VAS) was measured as a secondary outcome. A comparison of therapeutic effectiveness between TMNMT and TRT was evaluated by repeated measure analysis of variance.

Results:
One hundred and twelve (93%) of participants took part in the study, of which 64 were men and 48 women. Mean (SD) age was 42.80 (12.91) years. Fifty-eight were allocated to receive TMNMT and 54 to receive TRT. The between-group difference in primary outcome was −6.90 points (95% confidence interval [CI], −13.53 to −0.27) at T
1 and −6.17 points (95% CI, −13.04 to 0.71) at T
2. These results closely reached to clinical significance of tinnitus-related effective relief. For the secondary outcome, the mean value in the TMNMT group was 0.83 points (95% CI, 0.12 to 1.54), significantly lower than the mean value of the TRT group. The differences in THI and VAS between the two groups were statistically significant after intervention. Further analysis showed that age and baseline THI and VAS scores were associated with change in THI and VAS scores after interventions.

Conclusions:
Both TMNMT and TRT were able to alleviate chronic subjective tinnitus effectively after a 3 month intervention. When the two forms of therapy were compared TMNMT appeared to be more effective and consequently potentially superior to TRT for reducing tinnitus loudness and functional and emotional disturbance associated with chronic subjective tinnitus.
Disruption to Education During COVID-19: School Nonacademic Factors Are Associated with Children's Mental Health
Authors: Tsujimoto Kimberley C. , Cost Katherine Tombeau , Laforge-Mackenzie Kaitlyn , Anagnostou Evdokia , Birken Catherine S , Charach Alice , Monga Suneeta , Kelley Elizabeth , Nicolson Rob , Georgiadis Stelios , Lee Nicole , Osokin Konstantin , Burton Christie , Crosbie Jennifer , Korczak Daphne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:

Objective:
Few studies have examined aspects of the school environment, beyond modality, as contributors to child and youth mental health during the coronavirus pandemic. We investigated associations between nonacademic school experiences and children's mental health.

Methods:
Parents of children ages 6 to 18 years completed online surveys about school experiences (November 2020) and mental health (February/March 2021). Parent-reported and child-reported school experiences (i.e., nonacademic factors) included school importance, adapting to public health measures, and school connectedness. Children's mental health symptoms of depression, anxiety, inattention, and hyperactivity were collected using standardized parent-reported measures.

Results:
Children's (N = 1052) self-reported and parent-reported nonacademic factors were associated with mental health outcomes, after adjusting for demographics and previous mental health. Lower importance, worse adapting to school changes, and less school connectedness were associated with greater depressive symptoms (B = −4.68, CI [−6.04, −3.67] to −8.73 CI [−11.47, 5.99]). Lower importance and worse adapting were associated with greater anxiety symptoms (B = −0.83, CI [−1.62, −0.04] to −1.04 CI [−1.60, −0.48]). Lower importance was associated with greater inattention (B = −4.75, CI [−6.60, −2.90] to −6.37, CI [−11.08, −7.50]). Lower importance and worse adapting were associated with greater hyperactivity (B = −1.86, CI [−2.96, −0.77] to −4.71, CI [−5.95, −3.01]).

Conclusion:
Schools offer learning opportunities that extend beyond curriculum content and are a primary environment where children and youth develop connections with others. These aspects of school, beyond academics, should be recognized as key correlates of child and youth mental health.
Treatment of Upper Facial Lines With DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection: Results From an Open-Label Phase 2 Study
Authors: Dover Jeffrey S. , Humphrey Shannon D. , Lorenc Z. Paul , Shamban Ava , Gross Todd M. , Rubio Roman G. , Vitarella Domenico 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Simultaneous treatment of moderate-to-severe upper facial lines is reflective of real-world clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm for injection (DAXI) for simultaneous treatment of glabellar, forehead, and lateral canthal (LC) lines.

METHODS
In this open-label, single-arm Phase 2 study, patients (48 enrolled, 94% completed, follow-up 24–36 weeks) received DAXI 40U (glabellar), 32U (forehead), and 48U (LC) lines. Key efficacy endpoints: percentages of patients achieving none/mild wrinkle severity (investigator-rated) for each upper facial line scale at Week 4.

RESULTS
At Week 4, most patients achieved none/mild wrinkle severity (investigator-rated): glabellar (96%), forehead (96%), and LC (92%). Median times to loss of none/mild response (investigator- and patient-rated) among all patients were: 24.6 (glabellar), 20.9 (forehead), and 24.9 (LC) weeks; and 25.0, 24.0, and 28.1 weeks, respectively, among Week-4 responders. At Week 4, most patients reported improvements (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale: 96%-98%) and high satisfaction rates (85%-98%). Five patients experienced treatment-related adverse events: injection-site erythema (3 patients/7 events), facial discomfort (2 patients/2 events), and headache (1 patient/1 event). No patients experienced eyebrow or eyelid ptosis.

CONCLUSION
Simultaneous treatment of upper facial lines with DAXI was well tolerated and demonstrated high response rates, extended duration, and high patient satisfaction.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04259086.
Gender Disparities in Reimbursement Among Dermatologists and Dermatologic Surgeons
Authors: Bhala Sonia , Rubin Alexandra , Srivastava Radhika , Firoz Bahar 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND
Previous literature supports a disparity in income between male and female physicians across multiple specialties, even when controlling for variables such as working hours, maternity leave, and productivity.

OBJECTIVE
To understand if income disparity exists between male and female general dermatologists (GDs), and in dermatologists who completed a dermatologic surgical fellowship.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors surveyed members of the American Academy of Dermatology, including 66 dermatologic surgeons (DSs) (34 male and 32 female DSs) and 252 GDs (119 male and 133 female GDs), on questions related to total annual income, demographics, current employment, and time spent providing patient care. A logarithmic ordinal regression model was used to analyze income and the effect of different variables.

RESULTS
Male GDs were 2.46 times more likely than female GDs to be in a higher income category (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44–4.23). There was no significant difference between the incomes of male and female DSs (male-to-female odds ratio: 1.46, CI: −0.44 to 1.23). These findings did not change when variables of age, median patient visits, and hours worked were controlled for.

CONCLUSION
Income gender inequality exists among GDs. However, this inequality does not seem to extend to DSs.