bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of river flow on walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment in the Saskatchewan River Delta
Authors: Twilley Jacqueline T. , Enders Eva C. , Paul Andrew J. , Wastle Rick J. , Jardine Timothy D. 
Published: January 2025

Alteration of natural flow regimes is affecting freshwater fish populations. For example, the walleye ( Sander vitreus) fishery in the Saskatchewan River Delta has declined since the mid-1990s, which may be related to changes to flow regimes due to upstream dams. To test this hypothesis, walleye age data obtained from otoliths collected through sustenance and commercial fishing were used in a generalized linear mixed model catch-curve analysis to test the relationship between discharge during predefined biologically significant periods and walleye recruitment. The best fit model identified that the fry growth period (weeks 30–42) had a positive relationship between river discharge and future recruits. Based on the estimated Bayesian posterior distribution, there was a very high probability ( p > 0.99) that the effect was different from zero. This effect had an estimated 69% increase (28%–105% credible interval) in recruitment with every 100 m3·s−1 increase in discharge over the fry growth period. These findings support previous work on walleye recruitment in another northern freshwater delta and will inform water resource management in these systems.
Generalized local fractional integral inequalities via generalized (h̃1,h̃2)-preinvexity on fractal sets
Authors: Al-Sa’di Sa’ud , Bibi Maria , Muddassar Muhammad , Budak Hüseyin 
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we establish several general local fractional integral inequalities via generalized [Formula: see text] preinvex mapping on fractal sets. By considering different parameter values, we develop particular applications of our result, such as midpoint-type inequality, generalized trapezoidal-type inequality, and generalized Simpson-type inequality. We present applications of the derived inequalities in numerical quadrature formulas, providing error estimates.
The Best of Abstract Interpretations
Authors: Giacobazzi Roberto , Ranzato Francesco 
Published: January 2025

We study
“the best of abstract interpretations”
, that is, the best possible abstract interpretations of programs. Abstract interpretations are inductively defined by composing abstract transfer functions for the basic commands, such as assignments and Boolean guards. However, abstract interpretation is not compositional: even if the abstract transfer functions of the basic commands are the best possible ones on a given abstract domain
A
this does not imply that the whole inductive abstract interpretation of a program
p
is still the best in
A
. When this happens we are in the optimal scenario where the abstract interpretation of
p
coincides with the abstraction of the concrete interpretation of
p
. Our main contributions are threefold. Firstly, we investigate the computability properties of the class of programs having the best possible abstract interpretation on a fixed abstract domain
A
. We show that this class is, in general, not straightforward and not recursive. Secondly, we prove the impossibility of achieving the best possible abstract interpretation of any program
p
either by an effective compilation of
p
or by minimally refining or simplifying the abstract domain
A
. These results show that the program property of having the best possible abstract interpretation is not trivial and, in general, hard to achieve. We then show how to prove that the abstract interpretation of a program is indeed the best possible one. To this aim, we put forward a program logic parameterized on an abstract domain
A
which infers triples [
pre
]

A

p
[
post
]

A

. These triples encode that the inductive abstract interpretation of
p
on
A
with abstract input
pre
∈
A
gives
post
∈
A
as abstract output and this is the best possible in
A
.
Automatic Hardware Pragma Insertion in High-Level Synthesis: A Non-Linear Programming Approach
Authors: Pouget Stéphane , Pouchet Louis-Noël , Cong Jason 
Published: January 2025

High-Level Synthesis enables the rapid prototyping of hardware accelerators, by combining a high-level description of the functional behavior of a kernel with a set of micro-architecture optimizations as inputs. Such optimizations can be described by inserting pragmas e.g., pipelining and replication of units, or even higher level transformations for HLS such as automatic data caching using the AMD/Xilinx Merlin compiler. Selecting the best combination of pragmas, even within a restricted set, remains particularly challenging and the typical state-of-practice uses design-space exploration to navigate this space. But due to the highly irregular performance distribution of pragma configurations, typical DSE approaches are either extremely time consuming, or operating on a severely restricted search space.
This work proposes a framework to automatically insert HLS pragmas in regular loop-based programs, supporting pipelining, unit replication, and data caching. We develop an analytical performance and resource model as a function of the input program properties and pragmas inserted, using non-linear constraints and objectives. We prove this model provides a lower bound on the actual performance after HLS. We then encode this model as a Non-Linear Program, by making the pragma configuration unknowns of the system, which is computed optimally by solving this NLP. This approach can also be used during DSE, to quickly prune points with a (possibly partial) pragma configuration, driven by lower bounds on achievable latency. We extensively evaluate our end-to-end, fully implemented system, showing it can effectively manipulate spaces of billions of designs in seconds to minutes for the kernels evaluated.
Cold Co-Sintering Studies of Composite Cathode for All Solid-State Li Batteries
Authors: Nur Khushnuda , Roitzheim Christoph , Lobe Sandra , Ma Qianli , Finsterbusch Martin , Bram Martin , Guillon Olivier 
Published: January 2025

In the present work, we applied cold sintering for the processing of Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) and then LiMn2O4/LATP/Carbon black composite cathode. Their high-temperature processing is challenging due to Li evaporation and undesirable diffusion between electrode and electrolyte, leading to high interfacial resistance between these components. Cold sintering can be an option to address these problems. For cold sintered LATP, X-ray diffraction analysis displayed only a minor amount of secondary phases, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed slight reduction of Ti+4 to Ti+3 and Arrhenius plot presented higher activation energy for Li+ conduction. Transferring this knowledge to our composite cathode, we got ∼85% relative density at merely 400 °C, 400 MPa using 1 molar aqueous solution of LiOH in a 1 min dwell time. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time a cold co-sintered composite cathode of this type has been prepared. It was wetted with polymer electrolyte and characterized electrochemically against a Li-metal anode. While the cell could be reversible cycled several times, proving the concept, impurity phases after cold sintering limited the extractable capacity. This detailed investigation contributes a deep insight of cold co-sintering application for composite cathodes.
Compliance With Iron–Folic Acid Supplementation and Iron‐Deficiency Anemia Among Pregnant Women in Kathmandu
Authors: Karki Rajesh , Khanal Sudipa , Joshi Deepak Raj , Kaphle Maheshor 
Published: January 2025

Background: Iron‐deficiency anemia (IDA) during pregnancy is a major public health concern, leading to adverse maternal and fetal health outcomes such as premature birth and low birth weight. This study aimed to identify factors associated with compliance with iron–folic acid supplementation (IFAS) and the prevalence of IDA among pregnant.Methods: A cross‐sectional study using face‐to‐face interviews with structured questionnaires was conducted among 270 pregnant women attending a private hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal in 2023. Respondents were selected consecutively. Descriptive analysis was performed for categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with compliance and anemia (p < 0.05).Results: Most respondents were young adults (mean age: 30.09 ± 4.40 years) with secondary level education (57.8%) and homemaker occupations (57.4%). Over half (56.3%) demonstrated good knowledge of anemia, and slightly more than half (50.0%) had good knowledge of iron–folic acid (IFA). Compliance with IFAS was 63.0%, while 28.5% of women had IDA. Compliance was positively associated with occupation (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.6 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1–6.0), receiving IFA in the 2nd trimester (AOR = 2.2 and 95% CI = 1.1–5.0), and knowledge of IFA (AOR = 2.4 and 95% CI = 1.2–4.8). Higher education level (AOR = 5.1 and 95% CI = 1.7–15.2) and being employed (AOR = 0.3 and 95% CI = 0.1–0.8) were associated with lower IDA prevalence, while a history of medical illness was associated with higher IDA prevalence (AOR = 4.0 and 95% CI = 1.5–10.6).Conclusion: Despite IFA compliance rates within the national coverage range, forgetfulness, side effects, and inadequate counseling remain barriers. The persistence of anemia, even at a slightly lower rate than national data, remains a significant public health concern. Public health interventions are needed to improve IFA adherence, reduce anemia, and optimize maternal and fetal health outcomes in this population.
Risk Factors for Symptoms in Patients With Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Upper Esophagus
Authors: Wang Zhenxiang , Chen Ying , Sun Huihui , Xiong Jie , Zeng Yu , Chen Ye , Zhang Yan , Dong Zhiyu , Wang Junwen , Duan Guangbing , Li Bo , Qian Xue , Sun Kejing , Zhan Tingting , Jiang Yuanxi , Xu Shuchang 
Published: January 2025

Goal: This study is aimed at comparing the clinical characteristics and histological types of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus (HGMUE) and exploring the factors influencing the occurrence and severity of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in these patients.Background: HGMUE is a potential cause of LPR symptoms.Study: This retrospective analysis evaluated 70 patients with HGMUE using a detailed questionnaire. Clinical, histological, high‐resolution manometry, and 24‐h pH impedance monitoring data were compared between symptomatic (n = 49) and asymptomatic (n = 21) patients.Results: The diameter of HGMUE was significantly larger in the symptomatic group (p < 0.05), and the incidence of LPR symptoms increased with larger diameter grades; male patients were more likely to have LPR symptoms. The incidence of LPR symptoms varied significantly across histological classifications, being highest in patients with the fundic type (χ2 = 6.64, p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis identified sex and histological type as risk factors for LPR symptoms, with odds ratios of 8.996 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.350–59.962) and 8.493 (95% CI: 1.486–48.522), respectively. The mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) in the upper esophagus was significantly lower in the symptomatic group (1676.82 ± 739.09 Ω vs. 2441.01 ± 604.11 Ω; p < 0.05). Clinical and demographic characteristics did not significantly affect the severity of LPR symptoms.Conclusion: The diameter, histological type, and sex of patients are risk factors for the occurrence of LPR symptoms in patients with HGMUE. More attention should be paid to patients with these factors. The MNBI is an effective indicator of the symptoms and treatment.
Clinical Outcomes and Resource Efficiency of a Telehealth Model for New Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Referrals: A Tertiary Colorectal Outpatient Service Audit
Authors: Naseem Zainab , Butt Qamar M. , Shaukat Amina , Grenfell-Dexter Rachael , Zhu Junzhe , D’Souza Basil , Strugnell Neil 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic, telehealth (TH) has gained increasing relevance in colorectal patient care, prompting an audit of the TH clinic at a tertiary colorectal unit. This study evaluated telephone‐based consultations’ clinical efficacy and diagnostic thresholds for new lower gastrointestinal (LGI) bleeding referrals.Methods: We conducted a quality assurance audit of the per rectal (PR) bleeding TH clinic at Northern Hospital Victoria, evaluating new LGI bleeding referrals. Data from July 2021 to June 2023 were extracted from the Referral Management System (RMS) and analyzed. The study focused on newly referred patients, excluding those previously seen or awaiting procedures. Clinical efficacy was determined through sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessing the TH method’s discrimination threshold.Results: Of the 239 patients, 131 met the inclusion criteria, with a compliance rate of 96%. The TH clinic demonstrated a sensitivity of 75.76% and specificity of 52.46% in distinguishing between colorectal and anal pathologies. The average time from referral to a diagnostic procedure was 9.75 weeks, with a reduction in median wait time for first appointments from 19 weeks prepandemic to 3.6 weeks. A cost–benefit analysis highlighted TH clinics’ ability to reduce overhead costs and maintain a revenue stream despite reduced face‐to‐face consultations.Conclusion: Our study concludes that the telecare service model serves as an effective complementary approach for managing new LGI bleeding referrals. Further research on long‐term outcomes and cost‐effectiveness is necessary to fully assess telecare as a potentially sustainable hybrid model.
Evaluating YouTube Videos With Prophylactic Mastectomy Content in Terms of Their Quality and Reliability
Authors: Altintas Tansu , Bilgi Kirmaci Mehlika 
Published: January 2025

Aim: Purpose of this study is to investigate the quality and reliability of YouTube video contents on prophylactic mastectomy.Material and Methods: The search terms “prophylactic mastectomy,” “prophylactic mastectomy surgery,” “preventive surgery for breast cancer,” “risk‐reducing mastectomy,” and “prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction” were searched on YouTube. The uploader, video content, length (seconds), upload date, number of days since upload date, number of views, number of comments, and likes were recorded and evaluated. Finally, the videos included in the study were evaluated using modified Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN) and Global Quality Scale (GQS).Results: The total number of views of the 50 videos reviewed in the study was found as 3.674.469. The mean DISCERN score of the two observers was calculated as 3.35 ± 1, and the videos were found to be of medium reliability. The mean GQS score of all videos was 3.39 ± 0.9 and the videos were of medium quality. The researchers gave 1‐2 points (misleading) to 7 (14%) videos, 3 points (somewhat helpful) to 20 (40%) videos, 4 points (beneficial) to 16 (32%) videos, and 5 points (excellent) to 7 (14%) videos.Conclusion: In our study, we found that the videos uploaded by doctors were of good quality, the videos uploaded by health channels were of medium quality, and the videos uploaded by patients were of poor quality and misleading. The videos with health contents should be evaluated by the relevant specialists, and only useful videos should be broadcast.
NXP800 Activates the Unfolded Protein Response, Altering AR and E2F Function to Impact Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth
Authors: Welti Jonathan , Bogdan Denisa , Figueiredo Ines , Coleman Ilsa , Jiménez Vacas Juan , Liodaki Kate , Weigl Franziska , Buroni Lorenzo , Zeng Wanting , Bernett Ilona , Bertan Claudia , Roumeliotis Theodoros I. , Bhamra Amandeep , Rekowski Jan , Gurel Bora , Neeb Antje J. , Ning Jian , Li Dapei , Gil Veronica S. , Riisnaes Ruth , Miranda Susana , Crespo Mateus , Ferreira Ana , Tunariu Nina , Pasqua Elisa , Chessum Nicola , Cheeseman Matthew , te Poele Robert , Powers Marissa , Carreira Suzanne , Choudhary Jyoti , Clarke Paul , Banerji Udai , Swain Amanda , Jones Keith , Yuan Wei , Workman Paul , Nelson Peter S. , de Bono Johann S. , Sharp Adam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
Advanced prostate cancer is invariably fatal, with the androgen receptor (AR) being a major therapeutic target. AR signaling inhibitors have improved overall survival for men with advanced prostate cancer, but treatment resistance is inevitable and includes reactivation of AR signaling. Novel therapeutic approaches targeting these mechanisms to block tumor growth is an urgent unmet clinical need. One attractive strategy is to target heat shock proteins (HSP) critical to AR functional activity.

Experimental Design:
We first did transcriptome analysis on multiple castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cohorts to correlate the association between the Gene Ontology cellular response to heat gene expression signature and overall survival. Next, we analyzed the impact of targeting the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) pathway, with an inhibitor in clinical development, namely, NXP800 (formerly CCT361814), in models of treatment-resistant prostate cancer. Finally, we confirmed our mechanistic and phenotypic findings using an NXP800-resistant model and an in vivo model of CRPC.

Results:
We report that in multiple CRPC transcriptome cohorts, the Gene Ontology cellular response to heat gene expression signature associates with AR signaling and worse clinical outcome. We demonstrate the effects of targeting the HSF1 pathway, central to cellular stress, with an inhibitor in clinical development, namely, NXP800, in prostate cancer. Targeting the HSF1 pathway with the inhibitor NXP800 decreases HSP72 expression, activates the unfolded protein response, and inhibits AR- and E2F-mediated activity, inhibiting the growth of treatment-resistant prostate cancer models.

Conclusions:
Overall, NXP800 has antitumor activity against treatment-resistant prostate cancer models, including molecular subtypes with limited treatment options, supporting its consideration for prostate cancer–specific clinical development.
Targeting Pancreatic Cancer Cell Stemness by Blocking Fibronectin-Binding Integrins on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
Authors: Wu Chengsheng , Von Schalscha Tami , Sansanwal Diva , Qian Chen , Jiang Qinlin , Shepard Ryan M. , Wettersten Hiromi I. , McCormack Stephen J. , Weis Sara M. , Cheresh David A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) generate an extracellular matrix (ECM) which provides a repository for factors that promote pancreatic cancer progression. In this study, we establish that CAF contribution to pancreatic tumor initiation, i.e., stemness, depends on fibronectin (FN) as a scaffold required for assembly of a collagen-containing fibrotic ECM with a critical dependence on the FN-binding integrins, α5β1 and αvβ3. CAF matrix assembly can be prevented by knockdown of FN, integrin α5, or integrin β3 or by a bispecific antibody with dual recognition of α5β1 and αvβ3 that can also destabilize a preexisting matrix. In mice, the ability of CAFs to produce a stiff collagenous matrix and accelerate tumor initiation can be blocked by knockdown of FN or FN-binding integrins or systemic treatment with the α5β1/αvβ3 bispecific antibody. Together, these results reveal that dual targeting of the FN-binding integrins, α5β1 and αvβ3, can block the ability of CAFs and their matrix to enhance pancreatic cancer stemness and progression.

Significance:
Simultaneous targeting of two integrins that function as receptors for FN, a protumor ECM protein, can prevent fibroblasts from supporting the malignant behavior of pancreatic cancer cells.
Performance of the High-STEACS Early Rule Out Pathway Using hs-cTnT at 30 Days in a Multisite US Cohort
Authors: Ashburn Nicklaus P. , Snavely Anna C. , Supples Michael W. , Millard Marissa J. , Allen Brandon R. , Christenson Robert H. , Madsen Troy , Mumma Bryn E. , Hashemian Tara , Wilkerson R. Gentry , Mahler Simon A. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
The High-STEACS (High-Sensitivity Troponin in the Evaluation of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome) pathway risk stratifies emergency department patients with possible acute coronary syndrome. This study aims to determine if the High-STEACS hs-cTnT (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T) pathway can achieve the ≥99% negative predictive value (NPV) safety threshold for 30-day cardiac death or myocardial infarction (CDMI) in a multisite US cohort of patients with and without known coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODS:
A secondary analysis of the STOP-CP (High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T [Gen 5 STAT Assay] to Optimize Chest Pain Risk Stratification) cohort, which enrolled adult emergency department patients with possible acute coronary syndrome at 8 US sites (January 25, 2017–September 6, 2018). Participants were classified into outpatient and admission dispositions using the High-STEACS hs-cTnT pathway. Known CAD was defined as prior MI, coronary revascularization, or ≥70% coronary stenosis. Outcomes included 30-day CDMI and efficacy, defined as the proportion identified for outpatient disposition. NPVs and negative likelihood ratios for 30-day CDMI were calculated. NPVs were compared between CAD subgroups using a Fisher exact test.

RESULTS:

Among 1351 patients, 53.2% (719/1351) were male, 31.4% (424/1351) had known CAD, and the mean age was 57.4±12.8 years. At 30 days, CDMI occurred in 13.8% (187/1351). High-STEACS classified 63.4% (857/1351) to outpatient disposition, of which 2.0% (17/857) had 30-day CDMI, corresponding to an NPV of 98.0% (95% CI, 96.8–98.8) and negative likelihood ratio of 0.13 (95% CI, 0.08–0.20). In patients with CAD, 46.9% (199/424) were classified to outpatient disposition, of which 4.0% (8/199) had 30-day CDMI. Among patients without CAD, 71.0% (658/927) were classified to outpatient disposition with 1.4% (9/658) having 30-day CDMI. The NPV for 30-day CDMI was 96.0% (95% CI, 92.2–98.2) in patients with CAD versus 98.6% (95% CI, 97.4–99.4) among patients without CAD (
P
=0.04). The negative likelihood ratio for 30-day CDMI among patients with CAD was 0.16 (95% CI, 0.08–0.31) and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.06–0.22) among patients without CAD.

CONCLUSIONS:
The High-STEACS hs-cTnT pathway had high efficacy but was unable to achieve the ≥99% NPV safety threshold for 30-day CDMI.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02984436.