bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endometriosis in ectopic kidney: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Chen MengLin , Yu YuanMeng , Zhao XinXiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Endometriosis mainly occurs in the pelvic tissues and organs of women. Endometriosis in the kidney is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge, this article reports the first case of endometriosis in the ectopic kidney.
Case presentation: We describe a case of a 19-year-old girl with occasional mild abdominal pain, who was admitted to hospital due to the discovery of an ectopic left kidney. SPECT-CT showed no abnormal radioactive distribution was found in the left pelvis, suggesting that the left ectopic kidney was not functioning. Laparoscopic left ectopic kidney resection was subsequently performed. Histopathology revealed endometriosis of the ectopic left kidney.
Conclusions: In female patients with clinical manifestations of abdominal pain and gross hematuria, the possibility of renal endometriosis should be considered.
Acute brain slice elastic modulus decreases over time
Authors: Exton John , Higgins Jonathan M.G. , Chen Jinju 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A common benchmark in the brain tissue mechanics literature is that the properties of acute brain slices should be measured within 8 hours of the experimental animal being sacrificed. The core assumption is that — since there is no substantial protein degradation during this time — there will be no change to elastic modulus. This assumption overlooks the possibility of other effects (such as osmotic swelling) that may influence the mechanical properties of the tissue. To achieve consistent and accurate analysis of brain mechanics, it is important to account for or mitigate these effects. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), tissue hydration and volume measurements, we find that acute brain slices in oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) with a standard osmolarity of 300 mOsm/l experience rapid swelling, softening, and increases in hydration within the first two hours after slicing. Reductions in elastic modulus can be partly mitigated by addition of chondroitinase ABC enzyme (CABC). Increasing aCSF osmolarity to 400 mOsm/l does not prevent softening but may hasten equilibration of samples to a point where measurements of relative elastic modulus are consistent across experiments.
Honokiol affects the composition of gut microbiota and the metabolism of lipid and bile acid in methionine-choline deficiency diet-induced NASH mice
Authors: Zhai Ting , Wang Junjun , Chen Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Honokiol (HNK), one of the main active components of Magnolia officinalis, has a positive effect on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the effects of HNK on the composition of serum lipids and bile acids (BAs) and gut microbiota (GM) of NASH mice are still unknown.
Methods
C57BL/6 mice were fed with methionine-choline deficiency (MCD) diet and gavaged with HNK (20mg/kg/d) for 8 weeks, then the serum lipids and BAs were detected by LC-MS, the composition of ileum microflora and the mRNA expression of hepatic BAs homeostasis related genes were analyzed by 16SrDNA sequencing and RT-qPCR, respectively.
Results
HNK treatment decreased the degree of hepatic lipid drops, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. Meantime, the serum levels of 34 lipids and 4 BAs in MCD mice were significantly altered by HNK treatment, as well as the increased abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Caulobacteraceae, Micrococcaceae and Brevundimonas, and the decreased abundance of Firmicutes and Dubosiella. Besides, HNK treatment increased the hepatic mRNA expression of Oatp1b2 in MCD mice.
Conclusions
The ameliorating effect of HNK on NASH may be partly related to its correction on the disorders of GM, serum lipids and BAs through influencing gut-liver axis of MCD mice.
Comparison of three different anastomotic methods of sleeve gastrectomy with transit bipartition using an obese rodent model
Authors: Chu Yuxiao , Widjaja Jason , Wang Jian , Wu Wei , Hong Jian , Zhu Xiaocheng , Yao Libin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The long-term effects and safety of single-anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass have not been confirmed. One anastomosis procedure carries the risk of bile reflux, and Braun anastomosis can reduce bile reflux. This study was designed to compare the influences of bile reflux and histological changes in the esogastric sections of rats.
Methods: Obese Sprague-Dawley rats underwent sleeve gastrectomy with transit bipartition (RYTB) (n=12), SASI (n=12), SASI bypass with Braun anastomosis (BTB) (n=12), esojejunostomy (EJ) (n=12), and SHAM (n=8) surgery. During the 12-week follow-up period, weight changes, glucose improvement, and changes in serum nutrition were evaluated. Histological expression and bile acid concentration in the rats in all groups were also evaluated.
Results: No significant differences in weight loss and glucose improvements were observed in the RYTB, SASI, and BTB groups. The RYTB and BTB groups had significantly lower bile acid concentration and albumin levels than the SASI group. In addition, mucosal height in the RYTB and BTB groups was significantly lower than in the SASI group.
Conclusion: Braun anastomosis had a significant effect on anti-reflux. BTB may be a superior primary procedure due to its potential for parallel bariatric and metabolic improvements, effective anti-reflux effects, simplified operations, and avoidance of severe malnutrition. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Psychosocial Experiences in a Rural Australian Cancer Service: Mixed method insights into patient and carer psychological distress and psychosocial service barriers
Authors: Barnes Marisa , Rice Kylie , Usher Kim , Thorsteinsson Einar B. , Murray Clara V. , Ord Fiona 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: An increasing body of evidence indicates that people with cancer experience psychosocial concerns across the entirety of their cancer experience from pre-diagnosis to survivorship. These concerns have not just a deleterious effect on their medical journey, but impact more broadly across well-being and, importantly, the well-being of the people that love and care for them. Whilst most oncology research focuses on patients, the role and experiences of families and carers is increasingly recognised as a core component of health service delivery.
Methods: This paper outlines an evaluation of the psychosocial experiences of 125 rural people accessing cancer services through three health services in rural NSW.
Results: Despite an increasing and improved focus on rural heath equity, and the funding of high-quality rural cancer services over the past decade, the findings of this study suggest that cancer patient and carer populations in rural NSW experience concerning levels of psychological distress and barriers to accessing quality healthcare.
Conclusions: The combination of high psychological need for patients and carers with insufficiency and inaccessibility of psychosocial support services have substantial implications for service provision and the psychological wellbeing of those they service. Under-detection of psychosocial need and a lack of support services poses a significant challenge for rural people with cancer and for those that care for them; this must be an urgent priority for quality improvement and equitable health care provision.
Booster mRNA vaccination post-SARS-CoV-2 infection enhances functional qualities of T cell immunity
Authors: Buggert Marcus , Cai Curtis , Gao Yu , Ballesteros Olga Rivera , Hansson Lotta , Österborg Anders , Sandberg Johan , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Björkström Niklas , Strålin Kristoffer , Qin Chuan , Grifoni Alba , Weiskopf Daniela , Wherry E. , Sette Alessandro , Aleman Soo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
T cells are critical to providing protection from severe COVID-19. However, whether repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination post-infection fuels T cell exhaustion or reshapes functionality remains debated. Here, we sampled SARS-CoV-2 convalescent donors of different COVID-19 disease severity before and after subsequent mRNA vaccination to determine the functional consequences of hybrid immunity. Using combined single-cell protein and transcriptional analysis of T cells targeting different regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, we identified that spike-specific T cells increased in magnitude but, notably, also gained improved polyfunctional characteristics. In contrast, T cell responses targeting non-spike proteins diminished with time and functionally remained unchanged. Elevated IFN-γ expression was a common hallmark of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in mRNA-vaccinated individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection. These responses were founded on both pre-expanded and newly detected CD8+ T cell clones after vaccination. Elevated IFN-γ production and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were also found in patients with B cell abnormalities (chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CLL) after booster mRNA vaccination (four doses). Collectively, these data demonstrate limited signs of functional exhaustion and instead cumulative benefits of booster vaccination post-infection, increasing the quantity and quality of cell-mediated immunity.
A task-unified network with transformer and spatial-temporal convolution for left ventricular quantification
Authors: Li Dapeng , Peng Yanjun , Sun Jindong , Guo Yanfei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Quantification of the cardiac function is vital for diagnosing and curing the cardiovascular diseases.
Left ventricular function measurement is the most commonly used measure to evaluate the function
of cardiac in clinical practice, how to improve the accuracy of left ventricular quantitative assessment
results has always been the subject of research by medical researchers. Although considerable efforts
have been put forward to measure the left ventricle (LV) automatically using deep learning methods,
the accurate quantification is yet a challenge work as a result of the changeable anatomy structure
of heart in the systolic diastolic cycle. Besides, most methods used direct regression method which
lacks of visual based analysis. In this work, a deep learning segmentation and regression task-unified
network with transformer and spatial-temporal convolution was proposed to segment and quantify
the LV simultaneously. The segmentation module leveraged a U-Net like 3D Transformer model to
predict the contour of three anatomy structures, while the regression module learned spatial-temporal
representations from the original images and the reconstruct feature maps from segmentation path to
estimate the fifinally desired quantification metrics. Furthermore, we employed a joint task loss function
to train the two module networks. Our framework is evaluated on the MICCAI 2017 Left Ventricle
Full Quantification Challenge dataset. The results of experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of
our framework, which achieves competitive cardiac quantification metric results and at the same time
produces visualized segmentation results that are conducive to later analysis.
Identification of Radiomic Biomarkers in a Set of Four Skeletal Muscle Groups on Dixon MRI of the NAKO MR study
Authors: Fischer Marc , Küstner Thomas , Pappa Sofia , Niendorf Thoralf , Pischon Tobias , Kröncke Thomas , Bette Stefanie , Schramm Sara , Schmidt Börge , Haubold Johannes , Nensa Felix , Nonnenmacher Tobias , Palm Viktoria , Bamberg Fabian , Kiefer Lena , Schick Fritz , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this work, we propose a processing pipeline for the extraction and identification of meaningful radiomics biomarkers in skeletal muscle tissue as displayed using Dixon-weighted MRI. The approach comprises the texture feature extraction from raw data based on well established approaches, such as a nnU-Net neural network and the Pyradiomics toolbox, a subsequent selection according to adequate conditions for the muscle tissue of the general population, and an importance-based ranking to further narrow the amount of meaningful features with respect to auxiliary targets. The performance was investigated with respect to the included auxiliary targets, namely age, body mass index (BMI), and fat fraction (FF). Four skeletal muscles with different fiber architecture were included: the mm. glutaei, m. psoas, as well as the extensors and adductors of the thigh. The selection allowed for a reduction from 1015 available texture features to 65 for age, 53 for BMI, and 36 for FF from the available fat/water contrast images considering all muscles jointly. Further, the dependence of the importance rankings calculated for the auxiliary targets on validation sets (in a cross-validation scheme) was investigated by boxplots. In addition, significant differences between subgroups of respective auxiliary targets as well as between both sexes were shown to be present within the ten lowest ranked features by means of Kruskal-Wallis H-tests and Mann-Whitney U-tests. The prediction performance for the selected features and the ranking scheme were verified on validation sets by a random forest based multi-class classification, with strong area under the curve (AUC) values of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) of 73.03 ± 0.70 % and 73.63 ± 0.70 % for the water and fat images in age, 80.68 ± 0.30 % and 88.03 ± 0.89 % in BMI, as well as 98.36 ± 0.03 % and 98.52 ± 0.09 % in FF.
Entorhinal cortex layer III ADGRL2 expression controls topographical circuit connectivity required for sequence learning
Authors: Donohue Jordan , Liu Elizabeth , Saab Lisette , Kaur Rajbir , Yang Woojin , Anderson Garret 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The entorhinal cortex and hippocampus are interconnected brain regions required for episodic learning and memory. For this functional encoding, correct assembly of specific synaptic connections across this circuit is a critical component during development. To guide the connection specificity that exists between neurons requires a multitude of circuit building molecular components, including the latrophilin family of synaptic cell adhesion molecules (Lphn1-3; gene symbols ADGRL1-3). Of this genetic family, Lphn2 (ADGRL2) exhibits a unique topographical and cell-type specific expression patterning in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus that mirrors connectivity. To investigate the role of Lphn2 in a specific cell-type in this circuit, we here created a transgenic mouse (Lphn2fl/fl;pOXR1-Cre) with targeted Lphn2 deletion in medial entorhinal cortex layer III neurons (MECIII). Using these mice, we find two major input/output circuitry pathways to be topographically shifted with Lphn2 deletion in MECIII neurons that include MECIII axon projections to contralateral MEC layer I, and presubiculum axons to ipsilateral MEC layer III. To test the behavioral consequences of these circuitry alterations, we investigated varying entorhinal cortex dependent behaviors, revealing selective deficits in spatial-temporal sequence recognition. Taken together, this study demonstrates that Lphn2 expression in MECIII neurons is necessary for the accurate assembly of MEC topographical circuits that support episodic learning.
The evaluation of MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio in peptic ulcer and its association with refractory helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Negaresh Mohammad , Safarzadeh Elham , Fouladi Nasrin , Matin Somaieh , Pourfarzi Sanaz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is one of the leading causes of peptic ulcers, and its treatment is a worldwide challenge. Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors influence the development and healing of peptic ulcers. This study aimed to evaluate the ratios of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with a peptic ulcer that are sensitive or resistant to H. pylori treatment and compare them with healthy individuals.
Methods
In this study, 95 patients were included and divided into two groups sensitive (41 patients) and resistant to treatment (54 patients). The results were compared with a control group of twenty participants with normal endoscopy. After obtaining written informed consent, five ml of venous blood was taken to determine their serum MMP-2 and TIMP-1 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
In patients with H. pylori-induced peptic ulcers, the MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio was significantly higher than those of the healthy controls (P < 0.05). MMP-2 level was associated with patients’ response to treatment (P < 0.05). The MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio and the chance for refractory H. pylori-induced peptic ulcer disease were higher in patients with simultaneous gastric and duodenal ulcers (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
It seems that peptic ulcer disease caused by infection with H. pylori increases the MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio in patients with peptic ulcers. However, it might not be a good predictor of refractory H. pylori-induced peptic ulcer disease.
Investigation and analysis of entry personnel’s mental health status under COVID-2019 quarantine in Shanghai, China
Authors: Chen Liping , Chu Qiao , Xu Chenhui , Zhou Feng , Hu Xiaolong , Jin Ying , Wang Zhaoxin , Lv Yipeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the mental health status and stress coping of quarantined personnel entering Shanghai from abroad, identify the key influencing factors, and provide suggestions for improving the mental health of COVID-19 quarantined personnel.
Methods
We surveyed quarantined individuals to collect general demographic data and COVID-19-related information of 327 entry personnel at the quarantine medical observation point. PHQ-9, GAD-7, and Cope scale (simplified version) were used to assess depression, anxiety, and individual stress coping. We analyzed the independent individual variables for their relationship with mental health outcomes.
Results
Among the entry quarantined personnel, we found that 27.8% scored positively for depression and 20.5% for anxiety. Depressive symptoms were more likely in individuals with pre-existing health conditions (p = 0.003), lack of medical insurance (p = 0.012), worry about the impact of the epidemic on their studies / work (p = 0.020), worry about the lack of daily necessities during quarantine (p = 0.005), and worry about being rejected or discriminated against by the outside world after quarantine (p = 0.002). Anxiety symptoms were more likely in those without medical insurance (p = 0.008) and those worried about being rejected or discriminated against by the outside world after quarantine (p = 0.010). In terms of stress coping, those with higher scores in "denial (disapproval of events) (p = 0.025, P = 0.041), guilt and self-blame (p = 0.001, p = 0.009)" were more likely to score higher for depression and anxiety.
Conclusion
Attention should be paid to the negative psychological reactions of the entry quarantined personnel, especially those with pre-existing health conditions, those without medical insurance, and students studying abroad who are at high risk of negative emotions. Timely mental health support should be provided. Accurate and effective epidemic dynamic information and preventive and control measures can be provided to the public through media publicity to prevent fear and stigma against quarantined personnel.
Genetic Correlations between Suicide Attempts and Psychiatric and Intermediate Phenotypes Adjusting for Mental Disorders
Authors: Ohi Kazutaka , Fujikane Daisuke , Kuramitsu Ayumi , Takai Kentaro , Muto Yukimasa , Sugiyama Shunsuke , Shioiri Toshiki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Suicide attempts are a moderately heritable trait, and genetic correlations with psychiatric and related intermediate phenotypes have been reported. However, as several mental disorders as well as major depressive disorder (MDD)are strongly associated with suicide attempts, these genetic correlations could be mediated by psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigated genetic correlations of suicide attempts with psychiatric and related intermediate phenotypes, with and without adjusting for mental disorders. To investigate the genetic correlations, we utilized large-scalegenome-wide association studysummary statistics for suicide attempts (with and without adjusting for mental disorders), nine psychiatric disorders, and fifteen intermediate phenotypes. Without adjusting for mental disorders, suicide attempts had significant positive genetic correlations with risks of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, MDD and anxiety disorders; higher risk tolerance; earlier age at first sexual intercourse, at first birth and at menopause; higher parity; lower childhood IQ, educational attainment and cognitive ability; and lower smoking cessation. After adjusting for mental disorders, suicide attempts had significant positive genetic correlations with the risk of MDD; earlier age at first sexual intercourse, at first birth and at menopause; and lower educational attainment. After adjusting for mental disorders, most of the genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders were decreased, while several genetic correlations with intermediate phenotypes were increased. These findings highlight the importance of considering mental disorders in the analysis of genetic correlations related to suicide attempts and suggest that susceptibility to MDD, reproductive behaviors, and lower educational levels share a genetic basis with suicide attempts after adjusting for mental disorders.
Survival prediction of NLST lung cancer patients from radiomics and clinical data
Authors: Leu Anh , Subramanian Vaishnavi , Dasso Mary , Do Minh , Menchaca Martha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: It is critical to accurately predict the survival likelihood of cancer patients to allow the best care and treatment. Publicly available datasets have emerged recently, such as the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) data with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans of at-risk populations. Recent research focuses primarily on improving survival prediction performance by developing more complex models without sufficient focus on interpretability. In contrast, this study focuses on identifying and analyzing the importance of different radiology features and clinical variables in survival prediction.
Methods: This research used the NLST data with two widely-used predictive models - the Cox proportional hazards (CPH) model and the random survival forests (RSF). The first step was to generate semi-automated primary nodule annotations for an NLST subset of adenocarcinoma patients with the close help of a radiologist and extract commonly-used radiomic features to characterize these primary nodules. By coupling the radiomic features with the patient's clinical data, the models predict death by lung cancer from the first LDCT scan. The next step is to construct smaller subsets of influential features and demonstrates that these subsets preserve survival performance. Additionally, this study investigated the potential of combining radiomic features and clinical data in survival prediction. Lastly, to make similar studies on the NLST more feasible, the semi-automated nodule segmentations for the NLST subset used in this study were provided for public use along with the code for the experiments at https://github.com/hleu/survival_nlst.
Results: The best result of 67.06 C-index and a mean time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic (TD-AUC) of 71.27 was obtained by using CPH models with a combination of a subset of clinical features and shape-based radiomic features.
Conclusions: The first contribution is the nodule annotation, segmentation, and exact feature extraction from the NLST dataset. This annotated dataset increases the model performance for lung cancer prognosis. Secondly, this study applied two different survival analysis methods to radiology and clinical features and compared the results obtained from different techniques. The models with a combination of features can outperform the model with only radiomics or clinical features.