bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor‐γ Agonistic Compounds from the Jellyfish‐Derived Fungus Cladosporium oxysporum
Authors: Li Dan‐Dan , Luo Xiaowei , Ying Wang , La Kim Eun , Hong Jongki , Lee Joon‐Hee , Jung Jee H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn our search for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) agonists, five undescribed compounds, namely two acyclic diterpenes (1 and 2; cladopsol A and cladopsol B), two sesquiterpenes (3 and 4; cladopsol C and cladopsol D), and one C21‐ecdysteroid (5; cladopsol E), and 15 known compounds were isolated from the jellyfish‐derived fungus – Cladosporium oxysporum. The structures of the undescribed compounds were defined using UV, NMR, HR‐ESI‐MS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy and a modified Mosher's method. Luciferase reporter assay and docking analysis suggested that cladopsol B may function as a PPAR‐γ partial agonist with a potential antidiabetic lead which may evade the side effects of full agonists. Moreover, cladopsol B stimulated glucose uptake in HepG2 cells with an efficacy comparable to that of rosiglitazone, but with less side effect induced by lipid accumulation in 3T3‐L1 cells. Therefore, cladopsol B could serve as a molecular skeleton in a study of advanced antidiabetic lead with less side effect.
Acute thrombotic occlusion involving three coronary arteries. A unique association withCOVID‐19 pneumonia
Authors: Habib Mhd Baraa , Abdelghani Mohamed Salah , Elyas Ahmed , Ashour Anas A. , Altermanini Mohammad , Imran Shahid , Arabi Abdul Rahman 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageRespiratory viruses, particularly COVID‐19, can be associated with severe cases of myocardial infarction (MI). Physicians should have a low threshold for MI in COVID‐19 patients who present with persistent chest pain as MI in rapidly deteriorating cases can be missed. Prompt response includes both timely diagnosis and swift treatment.AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is associated with coronary artery thrombosis. Many cases of single‐vessel and few cases of two‐vessel thrombosis were reported. Herein, we report a unique association in a middle‐aged man diagnosed with COVID‐19 and presented later with acute myocardial infarction causing cardiogenic shock. The patient was found to have three‐vessel thrombosis.
Recent Advances in Visible Light‐induced Asymmetric Transformations of Carbonyl Compounds into Chiral Alcohols
Authors: Hou Liuzhen , Liu Xiaohua , Cao Weidi , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVisible light‐induced photocatalysis has been widely investigated, which offers exciting opportunities to build new catalytic platforms that are unattainable under ground state conditions. Asymmetric photocatalysis has been a longstanding challenge due to the high reactivity of photogenerated intermediates leading to strong background reaction. Carbonyl group is an important fundamental scaffold in organic synthesis. The photocatalytic asymmetric transformations of carbonyl compounds for synthesizing enantioenriched secondary and tertiary alcohols are of significant value but remain problematic. Even so, a series of intriguing works concerning this topic have been reported in recent year. This review summarizes the advances in this area, mainly dividing into single and synergetic catalyst systems, and the mechanism of each reaction is discussed.
Antibactericidal Ir(III) and Ru(II) Complexes with Phosphine‐Alkaloid Conjugate and Their Interactions with Biomolecules: A Case of N‐Methylphenethylamine
Authors: Wojtala Daria , Kozieł Sandra , Witwicki Maciej , Niorettini Alessandro , Guz‐Regner Katarzyna , Bugla‐Płoskońska Gabriela , Caramori Stefano , Komarnicka Urszula K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe phosphine ligand (Ph2PCH2N(CH3)(CH2)2Ph, PNMPEA) obtained by the reaction of the (hydroxymethyl)diphenylphosphine with naturally occurring alkaloid N‐methylphenethylamine, was used to synthesize the half‐sandwich iridium(III) (Ir(η5‐Cp*)Cl2Ph2PCH2N(CH3)(CH2)2Ph, IrPNMPEA) and ruthenium(II) (Ru(η6‐p‐cymene)Cl2Ph2PCH2N(CH3)(CH2)2Ph, RuPNMPEA) complexes. They were characterized using a vast array of methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, ESI(+)MS spectrometry, elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electron spectroscopy in the UV‐Vis range (absorption, fluorescence) and density functional theory (DFT). The initial antimicrobial activity in vitro toward Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains was examined, indicating that both complexes are selective towards Gram‐positive bacteria, e. g., Staphylococcus aureus, where the IrPNMPEA has been more bactericidal compared to RuPNMPEA. Additionally, the interactions of these compounds with various biomolecules, such as DNA (ctDNA, plasmid DNA, 9‐ethylguanine (9‐EtG), and 9‐methyladenine (9‐MeA)), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), glutathione (GSH), and ascorbic acid (Asc) were described. The results showed that both Ir(III) and Ru(II) complexes accelerate the oxidation process of NADH, GSH and Asc that appeared to occur by an electron transfer mechanism. Interestingly, only IrPNMPEA leads to the formation of various biomolecule adducts, which can explain its higher activity. Furthermore, RuPNMPEA and IrPNMPEA have been interacting with the DNA through weak noncovalent interactions.
A Thiol‐Michael Approach Towards Versatile Functionalized Cyclic Titanium‐Oxo Clusters
Authors: Li Xing‐Han , Dai Shuqi , Yan Xiao‐Yun , Lei Huanyu , Liu Xian‐You , Liu Yuchu , Zhang Weiqi , Xu Xiaotong , Yin Jia‐Fu , Wu Yuean , Ye Feng , Guo Qing‐Yun , Cheng Stephen Z. D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn expanding our research activities of superlattice engineering, designing new giant molecules is the necessary first step. One attempt is to use inorganic transition metal clusters as building blocks. Efficient functionalization of chemically precise transition metal clusters, however, remains a great challenge to material scientists. Herein, we report an efficient thiol‐Michael addition approach for the modifications of cyclic titanium‐oxo cluster (CTOC). Several advantages, including high efficiency, mild reaction condition, capability of complete addition, high atom economy, as well as high functional group tolerance were demonstrated. This approach can afford high yields of fully functionalized CTOCs, which provides a powerful platform for achieving versatile functionalization of precise transition metal clusters and further applications.
A Pincer Cobalt Complex as Catalyst with Dual Hydrogenation Activities for Hydrodeoxygenation of Ketones with H2†
Authors: Liu Bingxue , Liu Qiang 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryReductive deoxygenation of ketones using H2 is a highly desirable but also challenging transformation in both chemical synthesis, industrial‐scale petroleum and biomass feedstock reforming processes. Herein, we report a cooperative cobalt/Lewis acid (LA)‐catalyzed hydrodeoxygenation of ketones using H2 as the reductant. In particular, the newly developed pincer cobalt catalyst possesses dual hydrogenation activities for both ketones and alkenes under the same reaction conditions. This reaction features a broad substrate scope, excellent functional‐group compatibility, and potential applicability.
Asymmetric α‐Pentadienylation of β‐Ketocarbonyls and Aldehydes by Synergistic Pd/Chiral Primary Amine Catalysis†
Authors: You Chang , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryDirect alkylation with skipped enynes or cyclopropropylacetylenes represents an ideal process for the installation of pentadienyl group in terms of atom‐ and step‐economy. The development of catalytic asymmetric versions has been frequently pursued and most of the successes have been achieved with enolizable aldehydes. We herein describe a synergistic chiral primary amine/Pd catalysis for asymmetric α‐pentadienylation of β‐ketocarbonyls and aldehydes with skipped enynes or cyclopropropylacetylenes. The reaction features the construction of acyclic all‐carbon quaternary centers with high enantioselectivity, and good functional group tolerance and scalability.
Role of the Residue Q1919 in Increasing Kinase Activity of G2019S LRRK2 Kinase: A Computational Study
Authors: Naskar Avigyan , Bhanja Kousik Kumar , Roy Rakesh Kumar , Patra Niladri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMutations in multi‐domain leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) have been an interest to researchers as these mutations are associated with Parkinson's disease. G2019S mutation in LRRK2 kinase domain leads to the formation of additional hydrogen bonds by S2019 which results in stabilization of the active state of the kinase, thereby increasing kinase activity. Two additional hydrogen bonds of S2019 are reported separately. Here, a mechanistic picture of the formation of additional hydrogen bonds of S2019 with Q1919 (also with E1920) is presented using ‘active’ Roco4 kinase as a homology model and its relationship with the stabilization of the ‘active’ G2019S LRRK2 kinase. A conformational flipping of residue Q1919 was found which helped to form stable hydrogen bond with S2019 and made ‘active’ state more stable in G2019S LRRK2. Two different states were found within the ‘active’ kinase with respect to the conformational change (flipping) in Q1919. Two doubly‐mutated systems, G2019S/Q1919A and G2019S/E1920 K, were studied separately to check the effect of Q1919 and E1920. For both cases, the stable S2 state was not formed, leading to a decrease in kinase activity. These results indicate that both the additional hydrogen bonds of S2019 (with Q1919 and E1920) are necessary to stabilize the active G2019S LRRK2.
Structure, Electron Density Distribution using Maximum Entropy Method, Optical and Magnetic Characteristics of Fe Doped SnS2
Authors: Pavithra Nagarathinam , Robert Muthanain Charles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo dimensional layered magnetic materials like Fe‐doped SnS2 are cheap, abundant, and biocompatible, used for spintronics applications. The hydrothermal synthesized hexagonal nano disc structure of the sample is seen in the SEM images at room temperature. Pure SnS2, which is diamagnetic with magnetization 0.02067 emu/g becomes soft ferromagnetic by 2.5 % Fe doping with 0.672 emug−1 saturation magnetization and 0.222 kOe coercivity. A ultraviolet‐visible spectrometer measurement of the energy bandgap reveals a drop in energy from 2.35 to 2.2 eV, and the PL spectrum displays intense blue emission at a wavelength of 482–484 nm. Maximum entropy method (MEM), confirmed the ionic to covalent conversion upon Fe doping, due to the residual charge accumulation at the intermediate regions. The electron densities in Fe doped system in the plane (023) at Bond Critical Point of Sn─S and S─S are 0.327 and 0.354 e Å−3, respectively, with negative total energy density values confirming covalent bonding. A high electron density of 0.856 e Å−3 at the Sn─Sn region confirms interstitial charge accumulation. This introduces new intermediate energy levels in the forbidden region, reducing the energy bandgap and making the substance more semiconducting, making it useful for optical, opto‐electronic, and half‐metal applications.
Trace Doping: Fluorine‐Containing Hydrophobic Lewis Acid Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Junsheng , Lin Fangyan , Xia Jianxing , Yang Hua , Malik Haseeb Ashraf , Zhang Yunpeng , Abu Li Zi A. Yi. Gu Li , Yao Xiaojun , Wan Zhongquan , Jia Chunyang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development in perovskite solar cell (PSC), high efficiency has been achieved, but the long‐term operational stability is still the most important challenges for the commercialization of this emerging photovoltaic technology. So far, bi‐dopants lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)‐imide (Li‐TFSI)/4‐tert‐butylpyridine (t‐BP)‐doped hole‐transporting materials (HTM) have led to state‐of‐the art efficiency in PSCs. However, such dopants have several drawbacks in terms of stability, including the complex oxidation process, undesirable ion migration and ultra‐hygroscopic nature. Herein, a fluorine‐containing organic Lewis acid dopant bis(pentafluorophenyl)zinc (Zn‐FP) with hydrophobic property and high migration barrier has been employed as a potential alternative to widely employed bi‐dopants Li‐TFSI/t‐BP for poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA). The resulting Zn‐FP‐based PSCs achieve a maximum PCE of 20.34 % with hysteresis‐free current density‐voltage (J‐V) scans. Specifically, the unencapsulated device exhibits a significantly advanced of operational stability under the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability protocols (ISOS−L‐1), maintaining over 90 % of the original efficiency after operation for 1000 h under continuous 1‐sun equivalent illumination in N2 atmosphere in both forward and reverse J‐V scan.
A wide input voltage range, high power supply rejection low‐dropout regulator with a closed‐loop charge pump for sensor front‐end circuits
Authors: Niu Zhiwen , Lai Xinquan , Wang Bingyuan 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThis paper presents a low dropout regulator (LDO) with a wide input voltage range and high power supply rejection (PSR) for Hall sensor front‐end circuits, which is fabricated with a 0.18 μm BCD process. A topology in which a closed‐loop charge pump biases the gate of two‐stage cascode NMOS pass transistors is proposed to increase immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) capability for automotive applications. Furthermore, a power‐down protection circuit is proposed to maintain the reliability of the system, and a novel implementation of the charge pump unit is presented to improve the influence of the body effect. Detailed derivation regarding the analyses of the simplified small‐signal model of the closed‐loop charge pump, the loop stability, and the PSR at various frequency bands is given. Simulation and measurement results show that the proposed LDO can operate with the input voltage from 5 to 40 V, providing up to 60 mA current drive capability, and its minimum operating voltage is 2.5 V with a 10 mA load capacity. Moreover, results verify that measured PSR is better than −45 dB at 1.5 kHz, and measured PSR is better than −30 dB at 15 MHz. The results confirm that the obtained parameters of line and load regulations are significantly improved to 1.86 mV/V and 1.75 mV/mA, respectively.
Hybridization of antimicrobial oxazolidinones with commercial drugs: A fight against the “superbugs”
Authors: Prasher Parteek , Sharma Mousmee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance caused by the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant microbes, termed as “superbugs,” poses a grave healthcare concern in the contemporary era. Though this phenomenon is natural, an incessant use of antibiotics due to their unregulated over‐the‐counter availability, and a lack of compliance with the legislation seem to be major contributing factors. This phenomenon has further complicated the treatment of common infectious diseases thereby leading to prolonged illness, disability, and even death. In addition, a sizeable impact on the healthcare cost is met due to a prolonged stay at the medical facilities to receive an intensive care. Overall, the gains of “Millennium Development Goals” and the accomplishment of Sustainable Development Goals are at risk due to the emerging antimicrobial resistance. Since an early identification and development of novel antibiotic classes that evade antimicrobial resistance appears improbable, the strategy of hybridization of the existing antibiotics with efficacious pharmacophores and drug molecules with a different mechanism of antimicrobial action can be a silver lining for the management of superbugs. In this regard, we aim to provide a perspective for the applicability of the hybridization of oxazolidinone class of antibiotics with other drugs for evading antimicrobial resistance.
Experimental and theoretical analyses on power generation characteristics of co‐axial MHD energy conversion device
Authors: Hasebe Takahiro , Sasaki Ryo , Fujino Takayasu , Takana Hidemasa , Kobayashi Hiromichi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExperiments on power generation were conducted under the open‐circuit condition to validate theoretical analyses on the power generation characteristics of a co‐axial MHD energy conversion device. Considering distribution of externally applied magnetic field and the electromotive force induced by the rotation of the conductive inner cylinder, the results show that the experimental open‐circuit voltage was lower than the theoretical one for the wide channel width, whereas the experimental open‐circuit voltage was higher than the theoretical one for the narrow channel width. The inclination of the inner cylinder might cause the decrease in effective radial ratio.
Thirteen years of experience with eslicarbazepine acetate in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland: A safety perspective
Authors: Guedes Luís , Vieira Mariana , Gama Helena , Magano Daniel , Fernandes Maria , Calero Patricia , Di Foggia Valentina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveEslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a once‐daily oral antiseizure medication. Its safety and tolerability from clinical trials have been mostly confirmed by real‐world data. The main purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the safety profile of ESL in the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland (ROI).MethodsSafety data were obtained from the UK and ROI post‐marketing sources (October 2009–April 2022) by the marketing authorization holder. All individual reports were included in the Argus Safety™ database. All adverse events (AEs) were coded using MedDRA® version 24.1. Only valid cases (meeting the minimum pharmacovigilance reporting requirements) were included.ResultsDuring 13 years of ESL marketing, with cumulative estimated exposure of 2 210 395 patients‐years, 183 reports were received. A total of 402 AEs were reported for the 155 valid reports. The most common reported AEs (≥6% of total reported), per system organ class (SOC), were: nervous system disorders (23.4%), injury, poisoning, and procedural complications (18.9%), general disorders and administration site conditions (12.9%), psychiatric disorders (12.7%) and gastrointestinal disorders (6.7%). The most frequently reported (≥2% of total reported) AEs were: seizure (4.5%), hyponatremia (4.2%), dizziness (2.7%), rash, fatigue (2.5% each), and somnolence (2.0%). Twenty‐six percent of events were classified as serious (including six fatal cases).SignificanceThe current analysis supports the known safety profile of ESL, as generally well‐tolerated with most AEs being non‐serious. The most common AEs were considered either expected according to the disease itself or to the reference safety information. ESL continues to be a relevant medication in the treatment of partial (focal‐onset) epilepsy, as also confirmed by the 2022 NICE guidelines.
Toward a human brain extracellular vesicle atlas: Characteristics of extracellular vesicles from different brain regions, including small RNA and protein profiles
Authors: Huang Yiyao , Arab Tanina , Russell Ashley E. , Mallick Emily R. , Nagaraj Rajini , Gizzie Evan , Redding‐Ochoa Javier , Troncoso Juan C. , Pletnikova Olga , Turchinovich Andrey , Routenberg David A. , Witwer Kenneth W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from different cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) and play roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions. Although brain‐derived EVs (bdEVs) have been successfully collected from brain tissue, there is not yet a “bdEV Atlas” of EVs from different brain regions. To address this gap, we separated EVs from eight anatomical brain regions of a single individual and subsequently characterized them by count, size, morphology, and protein and RNA content. The greatest particle yield was from cerebellum, while the fewest particles were recovered from the orbitofrontal, postcentral gyrus, and thalamus regions. EV surface phenotyping indicated that CD81 and CD9 were more abundant than CD63 in all regions. Cell‐enriched surface markers varied between brain regions. For example, putative neuronal markers NCAM, CD271, and NRCAM were more abundant in medulla, cerebellum, and occipital regions, respectively. These findings, while restricted to tissues from a single individual, suggest that additional studies are warranted to provide more insight into the links between EV heterogeneity and function in the CNS.
Spatiotemporal coupling analysis of land urbanization and carbon emissions: A case study of Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zhu Enyan , Li Wei , Chen Lisu , Sha Mei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUrban expansion is one of the most important drivers of carbon emissions. It not only causes the invasion of terrestrial carbon sinks but also aggravates carbon emissions through social and economic activities. Because the effect of urban expansion on carbon emissions varies at different stages of urban development, spatiotemporal analysis of the dynamic relationship between urban expansion and carbon emissions is critical for low‐carbon urban planning. By combining nighttime light remote sensing and panel data, this study explored the spatiotemporal coupling characteristics of urban expansion and carbon emissions in a case study of Zhejiang in China. Spatial overlap analysis was used to measure the consistency of the spatial movement trajectories, and the coupling coordination degree model was used to dynamically investigate the interaction between urban land expansion and carbon emission increase. In this way, the dynamic coupling is represented from both a temporal and spatial perspective. The results showed that both the carbon emission and urban expansion growth rates first increased and then decreased, and their spatial coupling became increasingly close. Significantly, the coordinated development level between carbon emissions and urban expansion presented an inverted U‐shaped curve, which is consistent with the Kuznets curve theory. Overall, our research revealed the regularity of carbon emissions associated with land urbanization, which can help policymakers and urban planners to achieve sustainable land management.
The effect of bony obliteration on quality of life after tympano‐mastoidectomy surgery: A prospective observational controlled cohort study
Authors: Kara Hakan , Sen Comert , Sonmez Said , Celik Mehmet , Polat Beldan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe study's primary objective was to compare the quality of life (QoL) and external auditory canal (EAC) hygiene among patients who underwent bony mastoid obliteration or meatoplasty after canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy.MethodsA prospective, observational, controlled cohort study was conducted at our tertiary referral university hospital. Twenty‐eight patients older than 16 years of age with chronic otitis media who underwent CWD mastoidectomy were included. Two cohorts were followed: CWD mastoidectomy followed by mastoid obliteration (Group 1, n = 14) and CWD mastoidectomy followed by meatoplasty (Group 2, n = 14). The main outcome measures of total COMBI score (postoperative 6‐month QoL) and EAC hygiene were compared between the groups.ResultsThe average age of the patients was 36.14 (12. 22) years; 15 (53.6%) were female and 13 (46.4%) were male. There were no differences in demographic variables, preoperative findings, or COMQ‐12 (preoperative QoL) scores between groups. The average COMBI score of Group 1 (49.0 [8.66]) was not significantly different from Group 2 (46.79 [7.76]) (p = .482). Poor EAC hygiene was observed in eight (57.1%) patients in Group 2 and three (21.4%) patients in Group 1 (p = .06). In Group 1, no resorption of graft material was observed in 10 (71.4%) patients, minor resorption was observed in three (21.4%) patients, and significant resorption was observed in one (7.1%) patient. There were no significant differences in audiological findings between groups (p > .05).ConclusionThere were no significant differences regarding short‐term postoperative QoL, EAC hygiene, or hearing outcomes between patients who underwent bony mastoid obliteration or meatoplasty after CWD mastoidectomy.Level of Evidence1b (individual prospective cohort study).