bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease: Plausible Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers
Authors: Sarkar Swagata , Roy Akash , Choudhury Supriyo , Banerjee Rebecca , Dey Sanjit , Kumar Hrishikesh 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:Pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) remains obscure. Increased dopamine metabolism due to prolonged levodopa treatment can exacerbate oxidative damage and neuroinflammatory pathology in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Association of novel peripheral markers with LID severity might provide insight into LID pathomechanisms.Objective:We aimed to study specific peripheral blood inflammatory-oxidative markers in LID patients and investigate their association with clinical severity of LID.Method:Motor, non-motor and cognitive changes in PD with and without LID compared to healthy-matched controls were identified. Within the same cohort, inflammatory marker (sLAG3, TOLLIP, NLRP3 and IL-1β) levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined by ELISA and spectrophotometric methods.Results:LID patients showed distinctly upregulated TOLLIP, IL-1β levels with significant diminution of antioxidant activity compared to controls. Significant negative association of cognitive markers with oxidative changes was also observed.Conclusion:To our understanding, this is the first study that indicates the involvement of toll-like receptor-mediated distinct and low-grade inflammatory activation in LID pathophysiology.
Quality issues in co-authorship data of a national scientific community
Authors: De Stefano Domenico , Fuccella Vittorio , Vitale Maria Prosperina , Zaccarin Susanna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA stream of research on co-authorship, used as a proxy of scholars’ collaborative behavior, focuses on members of a given scientific community defined at discipline and/or national basis for which co-authorship data have to be retrieved. Recent literature pointed out that international digital libraries provide partial coverage of the entire scholar scientific production as well as under-coverage of the scholars in the community. Bias in retrieving co-authorship data of the community of interest can affect network construction and network measures in several ways, providing a partial picture of the real collaboration in writing papers among scholars. In this contribution, we collected bibliographic records of Italian academic statisticians from an online platform (IRIS) available at most universities. Even if it guarantees a high coverage rate of our population and its scientific production, it is necessary to deal with some data quality issues. Thus, a web scraping procedure based on a semi-automatic tool to retrieve publication metadata, as well as data management tools to detect duplicate records and to reconcile authors, is proposed. As a result of our procedure, it emerged that collaboration is an active and increasing practice for Italian academic statisticians with some differences according to the gender, the academic ranking, and the university location of scholars. The heuristic procedure to accomplish data quality issues in the IRIS platform can represent a working case report to adapt to other bibliographic archives with similar characteristics.
The Environmental Transformation of “Empty Space”: From Desert to Forest in the Landes of Southwestern France
Authors: Ford Caroline 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article explores the environmental transformation of the moorland (landes) of southwestern France from a much maligned “wilderness” or “empty space” to a forested landscape coveted for its productive potential as well as its aesthetic beauty. This occurred in two stages from the eighteenth century to the present and was effected by the French state and local landowners. It bears resemblance to processes of environmental change in North America, Central Asia, and Africa, where states and colonial or imperial powers took measures to develop alleged empty spaces through seizure, development, and settlement. Drawing on paradigms of colonial rule and Henri Lefebvre’s theory regarding the production of space, the article examines the eradication of the “wilderness” of the region of the Landes, which led to the displacement of its pastoral populations and the end of their way of life. It explores the role of technology in consolidating the power of territorial states and empires and the significance of the parallels that can be drawn between the Landes and France’s overseas empire. Finally, it attests to the porosity of the boundary between man-made and natural landscapes, while illuminating the process by which the artificial forested landscape of the Landes ironically came to be redefined and revalorized as “natural” national heritage that was ripe for environmental protection by the second half of the twentieth century.
Gold Standard
Authors: WHITFIELD STEPHEN J. 
Published: January 2023

The subjects of these two books basically belonged to the same generation. Philip Rahv (1908–73) and Michael Gold (1894–1967) shared origins in the Jewish lower class, and rose to literary prominence during the Great Depression. But from the perspective of posterity, what especially links their names is the notion of “proletarian literature.” In novels and short stories, in sketches and poetry, in drama and reportage, the writers who generally accepted this label repudiated the genteel tradition that had crested in the late Victorian era. To be sure, that decorous era of belles lettres had always been contested. It had its outliers – most famously Mark Twain. The list of those who troubled the taste of the era also included, among younger writers, the barely housebroken Theodore Dreiser and Jack London.
Exploring Roman picture lamp breakage rituals in light of mechanical experimentation
Authors: Lapp Eric C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntentionally broken “picture” lamps, or Bildlampen, are relatively common at archaeological sites throughout the Roman world. Such lamps typically exhibit a missing central discus. The discus itself – called a lamp “medallion” – often survives, too, and represents further evidence for deliberate lamp breakage. This article explores picture lamps with missing discuses and lamp medallions as a distinct and identifiable artifact group. It also surveys the possible reasons behind their intentional breaking. The work additionally identifies selected findspots where the lighting vessels were broken in rituals, with a special focus on the Shrine of Apollo at Tyre, and examines whether lamp breakage reflects individual choice or collective behavior. In an effort to understand how Roman picture lamps were deliberately broken and the lamp medallions generated for rituals, breakage experiments – drop, impact, puncture, and hammerstone – were conducted on accurate museum-made replicas of Roman picture lamps.
Price-level determinacy and monetary policy in a model with money and trend inflation
Authors: Qureshi Irfan A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractI examine how money and trend inflation shaped US macroeconomic dynamics during the Great Inflation. I develop a business cycle model with positive trend inflation where money is allowed (but not required) to play a role in determining the equilibrium values of inflation and output through non-separable utility, adjustment costs for holding real balances, and the monetary policy reaction function. The Taylor principle changes in this environment. Targeting money guarantees price determinacy even with trend inflation, but these results are sensitive to the inclusion of non-separability and portfolio adjustment costs. The framework is combined with Greenbook data that detect the role of money in the policy reaction function. The response to money was likely not sufficiently strong to complement the reaction to inflation and counteract the high trend inflation observed during the pre-Volcker period, which most likely led to price indeterminacy.
Episodic accretion onto a protostar
Authors: Hanawa Tomoyuki , Sakai Nami , Yamamoto Satoshi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe introduce hydrodynamic simulations in which a protostar captures a cloudlet with a relatively small angular momentum. The cloudlet accretes onto the protostar and perturbs the gas disk rotating around the protostar. This cloudlet capture can reproduce some features observed in the molecular emission lines from TMC-1A. First, the cloudlet can reproduce the blue asymmetry observed in the CS emission. Second, the cloudlet can explain the slow infall observed in the C18O emission. Third, the impact of the cloudlet can explain the offset of the SO emission from the disk center. We also argue that a warm gas should confine the cloudlet through pressure. A protostar may obtain substantial mass by capturing cloudlets.
Simulations of the reionization of the clumpy intergalactic medium with a novel particle-based two-moment radiative transfer scheme
Authors: Chan Tsang Keung , Benitez-Llambay Alejandro , Theuns Tom , Frenk Carlos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe progress of cosmic reionization depends on the presence of over-dense regions that act as photon sinks. Such sinks may slow down ionization fronts as compared to a uniform intergalactic medium (IGM) by increasing the clumping factor. We present simulations of reionization in a clumpy IGM resolving even the smallest sinks. The simulations use a novel, spatially adaptive and efficient radiative transfer implementation in the SWIFT SPH code, based on the two-moment method. We find that photon sinks can increase the clumping factor by a factor of ∼10 during the first ∼100 Myrs after the passage of an ionization front. After this time, the clumping factor decreases as the smaller sinks photoevaporate. Altogether, photon sinks increase the number of photons required to reionize the Universe by a factor of η ∼2, as compared to the homogeneous case. The value of η also depends on the emissivity of the ionizing sources.
The CNN classification of galaxies by their image morphological peculiarities
Authors: Dobrycheva D. , Khramtsov V. , Vasylenko M. , Vavilova I. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMultidimensional mathematical analysis, like Machine Learning techniques, determines the different features of objects, which is difficult for the human mind. We create a machine learning model to predict galaxies’ detailed morphology (∼ 300000 SDSS-galaxies with z < 0.1) and train it on a labeled dataset defined within the Galaxy Zoo 2 (GZ2). We use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to classify the galaxies into five visual types (completely rounded, rounded in-between, smooth cigar-shaped, edge-on, and spiral) and 34 morphological classes attaining >94% of accuracy for five-class morphology prediction except for the cigar-shaped (∼ 87%) galaxies.
Plasmoid Dominated Magnetic Reconnection and Particle Acceleration
Authors: Paul Arghyadeep , Nandy Sirsha , Vaidya Bhargav 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe effect of a parallel velocity shear on the explosive phase of magnetic reconnection in a double tearing mode is investigated within the 2D resistive magneto-hydrodynamic framework. All the systems follow a three phase evolution pattern with the phases delayed in time for an increasing shear speed. We find that the theoretical dependence of the reconnection rate with shear remains true in more general scenarios such as that of a plasmoid dominated double current sheet system. We also find that the power-law distribution of plasmoid sizes become steeper with an increasing sub-Alfvénic shear. We further demonstrate the effect of a velocity shear on acceleration of test particles pertaining to the modification in the energy spectrum.
A New Code for Relativistic Hydrodynamics and its Application to FR II Radio Jets
Authors: Seo Jeongbhin , Kang Hyesung , Ryu Dongsu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo study the dynamics of relativistic flows in astrophysical objects such as radio jets, we have developed a new special relativistic hydrodynamic (RHD) code based on the weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme, a high-order finite difference scheme. The code includes different WENO versions, and high-order time integration methods such as the 4th-order accurate Runge-Kutta (RK4) and strong stability preserving RK (SSPRK), as well as the equations of state (EOSs) that closely approximate the EOS of the single-component perfect gas in relativistic regime. Additionally, it is optimized for the reproduction of complex structures in multi-dimensional flows, and implements a modification of eigenvalues for the acoustic modes to effectively control carbuncle instability. As the first application of the code, we have simulated ultra-relativistic jets of FR II radio galaxies, and studied the nonlinear flow structures, such as shocks, velocity shear, and turbulence, through large-scale.
PRESTALINE: A package for analysis and simulation of star forming regions
Authors: Van Looveren G. , Kochina O. V. , Wiebe D. S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPRESTALINE is a package allowing a user to simulate and analyse spectra of various astrophysical objects. The package is based on the numerical models PRESTA (Kochina & Wiebe (2017)) and RADEX (van der Tak et al. (2007)). PRESTALINE provides the direct comparison of theoretical models with observations and allows estimating physical conditions in a studied object, such as kinetic temperature and chemical composition. Here we present the results of applying PRESTALINE to the test object DR21(OH) and discuss possible applications and future extensions of the project.
Detecting vortices in fluid dynamics simulations using computer vision
Authors: Rometsch Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVortices are patches of fluid revolving around a central axis. They are ubiquitous in fluid dynamics. To the human eye, detecting vortices is a trivial task thanks to our inherent ability to identify patterns. To solve this task automatically, we developed the Vortector pipeline which was used to identify and characterize vortices in around one million snapshots of planet-disk interaction simulations in the context of planet formation. From the emergence of two regimes of vortex lifetime, one of which shows very long-lived vortices, we conclude that future resolved disk observations will predominantly detect vortices in the outer parts of protoplanetary disks.
Long-Term Evolution of Convectively Unstable Disk
Authors: Maksimova Lomara , Pavlyuchenkov Yaroslav 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe continue studying convection as a possible factor of episodic accretion in protoplanetary disks. Within the model of a viscous disk, the accretion history is analyzed at different rates and regions of matter inflow from the envelope onto the disk. It is shown that the burst-like regime occurs in a wide range of parameters. The long-term evolution of the disk is modeled, including the decreasing-with-time matter inflow from the envelope. It is demonstrated that the disk becomes convectively unstable and maintains burst-like accretion onto the star for several million years. The general conclusion of the study is that convection can serve as one of the mechanisms of episodic accretion in protostellar disks, but this conclusion needs to be verified using more consistent hydrodynamic models.
Velocity-space substructures and bar resonances in an N-body Milky Way
Authors: Asano Tetsuro , Fujii Michiko S. , Baba Junich , Bédorf Jeroen , Sellentin Elena , Portegies Zwart Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe velocity-space distribution of the solar neighborhood stars shows complex substructures (moving groups) including the well-known Hercules stream. Recently, the Gaia observation revealed their detailed structures, but their origins are still in debate. We analyzed a high-resolution N-body simulation of a Milky Way (MW)-like galaxy. To find velocity-space distributions similar to that of the solar neighborhood stars, we used Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD), which is a metric to measure similarities between probability distributions. The KLD analysis shows the time evolution and the spatial variation of the velocity-space distribution. Velocity-space distributions with small KLDs (i.e. high similarities) are frequently but not always detected around in the simulated MW. In the velocity-map with smallest KLD, the velocity-space substructures are made from bar resonances.
Feedback from the Vicinity of Massive Protostars in the First Star Formation
Authors: Kimura Kazutaka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany simulations have been performed to elucidate the formation process of first stars. In first star formation, radiative feedback is a key process in determining stellar masses. However, previous simulations which follow the feedback process don’t resolve the small scale ( 10 AU) to realize long-term calculation, and the structure near massive protostars is still unknown. To clarify how the radiation from the protostar works, we need to resolve small scale and calculate the interaction between the radiation and the dense gas in such a region. As a first step towards understanding the phenomenon in this region, we perform the high-resolution simulation around the massive protostar without radiative transfer. We find that dense gas covers the protostar even in the polar direction and the HII region cannot expand. Solving the radiative transfer for getting accurate results is our future work. We are currently developing the new radiation hydrodynamics code for that.
Numerical modelling of X-shaped radio galaxies using back-flow model
Authors: Giri Gourab , Vaidya Bhargav 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe focus of this work is to comprehensively understand hydro-dynamical back-flows and their role in dynamics and non-thermal spectral signatures particularly during the initial phase of X-shaped radio galaxies. In this regard, we have performed axisymmetric (2D) and three dimensional (3D) simulations of relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic jet propagation from tri-axial galaxies. High-resolution dynamical modelling of axisymmetric jets has demonstrated the effect of magnetic field strengths on lobe and wing formation. Distinct X-shape formation due to back-flow and pressure gradient of ambient is also observed in our 3D dynamical run. Furthermore, the effect of radiative losses and diffusive shock acceleration on the particle spectral evolution is demonstrated, which particularly highlights how crucial their contributions are in the emission signature of these galaxies. This imparts a significant effect on the galaxy’s equipartition condition, indicating that one must be careful in extending its use in estimating other parameters, as the criterion evolves with time.
Hydrodynamic Simulations and Time-dependent Photoionization Modeling of Starburst-driven Superwinds
Authors: Danehkar A. , Oey M. S. , Gray W. J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThermal energies deposited by OB stellar clusters in starburst galaxies lead to the formation of galactic superwinds. Multi-wavelength observations of starburst-driven superwinds pointed at complex thermal and ionization structures which cannot adequately be explained by simple adiabatic assumptions. In this study, we perform hydrodynamic simulations of a fluid model coupled to radiative cooling functions, and generate time-dependent non-equilibrium photoionization models to predict physical conditions and ionization structures of superwinds using the maihem atomic and cooling package built on the program flash. Time-dependent ionization states and physical conditions produced by our simulations are used to calculate the emission lines of superwinds for various parameters, which allow us to explore implications of non-equilibrium ionization for starburst regions with potential radiative cooling.
Applicability of the Bulirsch-Stoer algorithm in the circular restricted three-body problem
Authors: Demidova Tatiana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe dynamics of massless planetesimals in the gravitational field of a star with a planet in a circular orbit is considered. The invariant of this problem is the Jacobi integral. Preserving the value of the Jacobi integral can be a test for numerical algorithms solving the equation of motion. The invariant changes for particles in the planetary chaotic zone due to numerical errors that occur during close encounters with the planet. The limiting distances from the planet, upon reaching which the value of the Jacobi integral changes, are determined for Bulirsch-Stoer algorithm. It is shown that violation of the Jacobi integral can be used to define the boundaries of the planetary chaotic zone.
Heliosphere in the Local Interstellar Medium
Authors: Pogorelov Nikolai V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Sun moves with respect to the local interstellar medium (LISM) and modifies its properties to heliocentric distances as large as 1 pc. The solar wind (SW) is affected by penetration of the LISM neutral particles, especially H and He atoms. Charge exchange between the LISM atoms and SW ions creates pickup ions (PUIs) and secondary neutral atoms that can propagate deep into the LISM. Neutral atoms measured at 1 au can provide us with valuable information on the properties of pristine LISM. Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft perform in situ measurements of the LISM perturbed by the presence of the heliosphere and relate them to the unperturbed region. We discuss observational data and numerical simulations that shed light onto the mutual influence of the SW and LISM. Physical phenomena accompanying the SW–LISM interaction are discussed, including the coupling of the heliospheric and interstellar magnetic field at the heliopause.
Interplay of various particle acceleration processes in astrophysical environment
Authors: Kundu Sayan , Vaidya Bhargav 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAstrophysical systems possess various sites of particle acceleration, which gives rise to the observed non-thermal spectra. Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) and stochastic turbulent acceleration (STA) are the candidates for producing very high energy particles in weakly magnetized regions. While DSA is a systematic acceleration process, STA is a random energization process, usually modelled as a biased random walk in energy space with a Fokker-Planck equation. In astrophysical systems, different acceleration processes work in an integrated manner along with various energy losses.Here we study the interplay of both STA and DSA in addition to various energy losses, in a simulated RMHD jet cocoon. Further, we consider a phenomenologically motivated STA timescale and discuss its effect on the emission profile of the RMHD jet. A parametric study on the turbulent acceleration timescale is also conducted to showcase the effect of turbulence damping on the emission structure of the simulated jet.
Dynamical evolution modeling of the Collinder 135 & UBC 7 binary star cluster
Authors: Ishchenko Marina , Berczik Peter , Kharchenko Nina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the present work is a detailed investigation of the dynamical evolution of Collinder 135 and UBC 7 star clusters. We present a set of dynamical numerical simulations using realistic star cluster -body modeling technique with the forward integration of the star-by-star cluster models to the present day, based on best-available 3D coordinates and velocities obtained from the latest Gaia EDR3 data release. We have established that Collinder 135 and UBC 7 are probably a binary star cluster and have common origin. We carried out a full star-by-star N-body simulation of the stellar population of both clusters using the new algorithm of Single Stellar Evolution and performed a comparison of the results obtained in the observational data (like cumulative number counts), which showed a fairly good agreement.