bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (PEPSiT): report of a multicentric national study on 294 patients
Authors: Esposito Ciro , Leva Ernesto , Gamba Piergiorgio , Sgrò Alberto , Ferrentino Umberto , Papparella Alfonso , Chiarenza Fabio , Bleve Cosimo , Mendoza-Sagaon Mario , Montaruli Ernesto , Escolino Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to report a multicentric national experience about the outcomes of pediatric endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (PEPSiT). The medical records of all pediatric patients, aged up to 18 years, who underwent PEPSiT in the period 2019–2021, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ demographics, operative details, and post-operative outcomes were assessed. A total of 294 patients (182 boys), with median age of 14 years (range 10–18), receiving PEPSiT in the study period, were enrolled. Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) was primary in 258 (87.8%) and recurrent in 36 (12.2%). The median operative time was 36 min (range 11–120). The median VAS pain score was 0.86 (range 0–3) and the median duration of analgesic use was 27 h (range 12–60). The overall success rate was 95.2% (280/294) and the median time to full healing was 23.4 days (range 19–50). Six/294 (2.0%) patients developed Clavien 2 post-operative complications. The recurrence rate was 4.8% (14/294) and all recurrences were re-operated using PEPSiT. Redo-surgery for wound debridement was performed in one (0.3%) patient with late healing. On multivariate analysis, hirsutism and typology of sinus (pits ≥ 2, paramedian and more proximal to the anus) were predictors of PSD recurrence (p = 0.001). To date, this is the largest series of PEPSiT published in the pediatric population. The outcomes reported after a 3 years experience confirm that PEPSiT is a safe, effective, and real minimally invasive procedure to treat adolescents with PSD. It provides patients quick and painless recovery, satisfactory success, and high quality of life.
Graphical abstract
Hochschild cohomology of symmetric groups and generating functions, II
Authors: Benson David , Kessar Radha , Linckelmann Markus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe relate the generating functions of the dimensions of the Hochschild cohomology in any fixed degree of the symmetric groups with those of blocks of the symmetric groups. We show that the first Hochschild cohomology of a positive defect block of a symmetric group is nonzero, answering in the affirmative a question of the third author. To do this, we prove a formula expressing the dimension of degree one Hochschild cohomology as a sum of dimensions of centres of blocks of smaller symmetric groups. This in turn is a consequence of a general formula that makes more precise a theorem of our previous paper describing the generating functions for the dimensions of Hochschild cohomology of symmetric groups.
Framing climate change in Nature and Science editorials: applications of supervised and unsupervised text categorization
Authors: Stede Manfred , Bracke Yannic , Borec Luka , Kinkel Neele Charlotte , Skeppstedt Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHulme et al. (Nat Clim Change, 8:515–521, 2018) manually coded ‘frames’ in 490NatureandScienceeditorials (1966–2016) they found relevant for climate change. We produced a digital version of the corpus and conducted a set of experiments: We explored many variants of supervised categorization for automatically reproducing the manual frame coding, and we ran an interactive variant of topic modeling. In both approaches, we made use of word embedding techniques for representing text documents. Supervised classification yielded F1-scores of up to 0.91 (for the best category) and 0.68 overall, and it led to insights regarding the relation between ‘topic’ and ‘framing’. The topic modeling algorithm was able to reproduce central trends in the temporal analysis of framing that was presented by Hulme et al. based on their manual work.
A Study of Chinese News Headline Classification Based on Keyword Feature Expansion
Authors: Miao Kai , He Xin , Yu Junyang , Wang Guanghui , Chen Yongchao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExisting work generally classifies news headlines as a matter of short text classification. However, due to the strong domain nature and limited text length of news headlines, their classification results are usually determined by several specific keywords, which makes the traditional short text classification method ineffective. In this paper, we propose a new method to identify keywords in news headlines and expand their features from sentence level and word level respectively, and finally use convolutional neural networks (CNN) to extract and classify their features. The proposed model was tested on the Sogou News Corpus dataset and achieved 93.42$$\%$$
%
accuracy.
Risk factors of postoperative intensive care unit admission during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: de Bock Ellen , Filipe Mando D. , Herman Eline S. , Pronk Apollo , Boerma Djamila , Heikens Joost T. , Verheijen Paul M. , Vriens Menno R. , Richir Milan C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
During the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, intensive care unit (ICU) capacity was scarce. Since surgical patients also require ICU admission, determining which factors lead to an increased risk of postoperative ICU admission is essential. This study aims to determine which factors led to an increased risk of unplanned postoperative ICU admission during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This multicentre retrospective cohort study investigated all patients who underwent surgery between 9 March 2020 and 30 June 2020. The primary endpoint was the number of surgical patients requiring postoperative ICU admission. The secondary endpoint was to determine factors leading to an increased risk of unplanned postoperative ICU admission, calculated by multivariate analysis with odds ratios (OR’s) and 95% confidence (CI) intervals.

Results
One hundred eighty-five (4.6%) of the 4051 included patients required unplanned postoperative ICU admission. COVID-19 positive patients were at an increased risk of being admitted to the ICU compared to COVID-19 negative (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.06–9.33; p = 0.040) and untested patients (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.32–0.70; p = 0.001). Other predictors were male gender (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.02–1.82; p = 0.046), body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02–1.08; p = 0.001), surgical urgency and surgical discipline.

Conclusion
A confirmed COVID-19 infection, male gender, elevated BMI, surgical urgency, and surgical discipline were independent factors for an increased risk of unplanned postoperative ICU admission. In the event of similar pandemics, postponing surgery in patients with an increased risk of postoperative ICU admission may be considered.

Highlights
Animal welfare efforts and farm economic outcomes: Evidence from Swedish beef production
Authors: Ahmed Haseeb , Emanuelson Ulf , Alvåsen Karin , Berg Charlotte , Hultgren Jan , Rocklinsberg Helena , Hansson Helena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe estimate the relationship between farm animal welfare (FAW) efforts taken by beef farmers and the economic performance of beef farms by using farm accounting data from the Swedish Farm Economic Survey matched with survey data on farm management practices. To this end, we perform a two-step analysis. First, an item response theory (IRT) model estimates the latent FAW effort on farms. FAW effort likely depends on a host of complementary FAW-improving strategies, and the IRT model combines the considered strategies into a unidimensional scale. We take this to represent on-farm FAW effort. Second, we use instrumental variable regressions to estimate the relationship between FAW effort and multiple measures of farm economic performance. We find that higher FAW effort scores have no effect on margins and costs. However, higher FAW effort scores are associated with lower farm sales. Findings suggest that policies (such as targeted label for high FAW) that increase farm revenue as well as incentivize the uptake of FAW-improvement practices may be able to compensate farmers for their FAW effort.
Change at 85 degrees south: Shackleton Glacier region proglacial lakes from 1960 to 2020
Authors: Diaz Melisa A. , Gardner Christopher B. , Elliot David H. , Adams Byron J. , Lyons W. Berry 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the last two decades, anomalous warming events have been observed in coastal Antarctic regions. While these events have been documented in the Ross Sea sector, the Antarctic interior is believed to have been buffered from warming. In this work, we present data from lakes located near Mt. Heekin and Thanksgiving Valley (~85° S) along the Shackleton Glacier, which are believed to be the southern-most Antarctic dry valley lakes. In 2018, the lakes were characterized, repeat satellite images were examined, and lake water chemistry was measured. Our analysis shows that lake areas recently increased, and the water-soluble ion chemistry indicates a flushing of salts from periglacial soils, likely from increased glacial melt as illustrated by water isotope data. Our results show that high southern latitude ice-free areas have likely been affected by warm pulses over the past 60 years and these pulses may be quasi-synchronous throughout the Transantarctic Mountains.
Uses of the novelty metrics proposed by Shah et al.: what emerges from the literature?
Authors: Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Rotini Federico 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Several concepts and types of procedures for assessing novelty and related concepts exist in the literature. Among them, the two approaches originally proposed by Shah and colleagues are often considered by scholars. These metrics rely on well-defined novelty types and a specific concept of novelty; however, more than 20 years after the first publication, it is still not clear whether and to what extent these metrics are actually used, why they are used and how. Through a comprehensive review of the papers citing the main work of Shah, Vargas-Hernandez & Smith (2003a, 2003b) (the main study where the metrics are comprehensively described and applied), the present work aims to bridge this gap. The results highlight that only a few of the citing papers actually use the assessment approach proposed by Shah et al. and that a nonnegligible number uses a modified or adapted version of the original metrics. Furthermore, several criticalities in the application of the metrics have been uncovered, which are expected to provide relevant information for scholars involved in reliable and repeatable novelty assessments.
Uncovering Financial Constraints
Authors: Linn Matthew , Weagley Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe use a random forest model to classify firms’ financial constraints using only financial variables. Our methodology expands the range of classified firms compared to text-based measures while maintaining similar levels of informativeness. We construct two versions of our constraint measures, one using many firm characteristics and the other using a small set of more primitive characteristics. Using our measures, we find that institutional investors hold a lower percentage of shares in equity-focused constrained firms, while retail investors show a preference for them. Equity issuance and investment of constrained firms also increases during periods of high investor sentiment.
The eropolitical compound: immanence, transcendence and a parasitic operation of patriarchy in Sanskrit literature
Authors: Austin Christopher R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines a pattern in Sanskrit literature, labelled for convenience the “eropolitical compound”. This is a formula whereby a male protagonist's claiming of a feminine figure is made instrumental to, or tied indissociably with, a political victory or reclamation of control over a public domain. This paper first reviews a number of examples of the motif in well-known works of drama, poetry, and eulogistic inscriptions largely of the fourth–seventh centuriesce, setting these against the particular historical and social contexts in which they occur. In a second step, the motif is identified at work in other genre and historic contexts of Sanskrit tradition, suggesting thereby that the figure also requires treatment at a broader level of analysis. The paper's third and final step is to adopt from Simone de Beauvoir the constructs of immanence, transcendence, and the woman as Other, in order to argue that the eropolitical compound is indeed a kind of formula or persisting theme that cuts across multiple historic and genre contexts, and that it should be seen as a normative construct reflecting and enacting a common strategy of patriarchal cultures.
Verdi's Emperor Charles V: Risorgimento Politics, Habsburg History, and Austrian-Italian Operatic Culture
Authors: Wolff Larry 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article considers the figure of Habsburg Emperor Charles V in relation to Italy, first as perceived by Italians in his own time, the sixteenth century, but then especially as evaluated by Italians of the Risorgimento—and notably by Verdi in his operatic work. The article emphasizes opera as a crucial cultural medium of Habsburg engagement with the Italian peninsula and of Italian culture within the Habsburg monarchy. Contemporary Italian evaluations of Charles's role in the domination of Italy were both regretful of his military interventions (including the sack of Rome in 1527) and respectful of his political skills. During the Risorgimento, the conventional Mazzinian perspective was deeply hostile to the Habsburgs and conditioned the wars of Italian unification against the Habsburg monarchy. Italian opera, however, especially Rossini'sGuillaume Tell(1829), Verdi'sErnani(1844), and Verdi'sDon Carlos(1867) indicate a complex operatic perspective on the Habsburgs in Risorgimento culture. While the Austrian Habsburg representative Gessler is the villain in Rossini'sGuillaume Tell, Verdi'sErnaniactually places Charles V on stage in a major baritone role with beautiful music and an ambivalent presence. InDon Carlos, the ghost of Charles V hovers over and haunts the whole opera.
Proposing and piloting a criterion- and standard-based assessment framework in teaching Cantonese operatic singing in Guangdong, China
Authors: Luo Yue , Leung Bo-Wah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTeaching traditional art forms in schools and the community has proven an effective way of ensuring the transmission of traditional culture. But due to the lack of valid and normative assessment guidance, the assessments of Cantonese operatic singing are still developing, impairing the instructiveness in its teaching and learning and restraining the education and development of this traditional genre within contemporary society. Accordingly, to guide the design of a holistic assessment, the revised Bloom’s taxonomy was adopted to form a theoretical framework from which a criterion- and standard-based assessment framework with four domains has been proposed. Four teachers and 24 students of Cantonese opera institutions in Guangdong, China, were invited to pilot the assessment framework. Afterwards, semi-structured interviews were conducted from which two research questions were answered satisfactorily: 1) proposing a criteria- and standard-based assessment framework is necessary, for the traditional assessment practice is weak in guiding teaching and learning and 2) positive feedback supported the proposed assessment framework facilitates the teaching and learning of Cantonese operatic singing.
Epidemiology of Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis in the primary health care setting in the Netherlands
Authors: Yusuf Erlangga , Mertens Kelly , van Lisdonk Nico , Houwen Cindy , Thai Khoa T. D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis in patients who visited general practitioners in the Netherlands. Additionally, we describe the prevalence of M. genitalium resistance to azithromycin and moxifloxacin. We used data from 7,411 consecutive female patients who were screened for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium, and T. vaginalis and data from 5,732 consecutive male patients screened for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and M. genitalium. The prevalence of M. genitalium and T. vaginalis in female patients was 6.7% (95% CI: 6.2 to 7.4) and 1.9% (95%CI: 1.6 to 2.2%), respectively. M. genitalium prevalence in male patients was 3.7% (3.3 to 4.3). M. genitalium co-occurred with C. trachomatis in 1.4% (0.3 to 0.6%) of female and in 0.7% (0.5 to 0.9) of male patients. Macrolide resistance gene mutations and fluoroquinolone resistance gene mutations were detected in 73.8% and 9.9%, respectively. We concluded that M.genitalium is relatively infrequently found in a large general practitioner population in the Netherlands. It can co-occur with C. trachomatis, and is often resistant to azithromycin. Therefore, when treating sexually transmitted infections, these prevalence and resistance data should be taken into account.
Extended symmetry analysis of remarkable (1+2)-dimensional Fokker–Planck equation
Authors: Koval Serhii D. , Bihlo Alexander , Popovych Roman O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe carry out the extended symmetry analysis of an ultraparabolic Fokker–Planck equation with three independent variables, which is also called the Kolmogorov equation and is singled out within the class of such Fokker–Planck equations by its remarkable symmetry properties. In particular, its essential Lie invariance algebra is eight-dimensional, which is the maximum dimension within the above class. We compute the complete point symmetry pseudogroup of the Fokker–Planck equation using the direct method, analyse its structure and single out its essential subgroup. After listing inequivalent one- and two-dimensional subalgebras of the essential and maximal Lie invariance algebras of this equation, we exhaustively classify its Lie reductions, carry out its peculiar generalised reductions and relate the latter reductions to generating solutions with iterative action of Lie-symmetry operators. As a result, we construct wide families of exact solutions of the Fokker–Planck equation, in particular, those parameterised by an arbitrary finite number of arbitrary solutions of the (1+1)-dimensional linear heat equation. We also establish the point similarity of the Fokker–Planck equation to the (1+2)-dimensional Kramers equations whose essential Lie invariance algebras are eight-dimensional, which allows us to find wide families of exact solutions of these Kramers equations in an easy way.
SAN-T2T: An automated table-to-text generator based on selective attention network
Authors: Ding Haijie , Xu Xiaolong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTable-to-text generation aims to generate descriptions for structured data (i.e., tables) and has been applied in many fields like question-answering systems and search engines. Current approaches mostly use neural language models to learn alignment between output and input based on the attention mechanisms, which are still flawed by the gradual weakening of attention when processing long texts and the inability to utilize the records’ structural information. To solve these problems, we propose a novel generative model SAN-T2T, which consists of a field-content selective encoder and a descriptive decoder, connected with a selective attention network. In the encoding phase, the table’s structure is integrated into its field representation, and a content selector with self-aligned gates is applied to take advantage of the fact that different records can determine each other’s importance. In the decoding phase, the content selector’s semantic information enhances the alignment between description and records, and a featured copy mechanism is applied to solve the rare word problem. Experiments on WikiBio and WeatherGov datasets show that SAN-T2T outperforms the baselines by a large margin, and the content selector indeed improves the model’s performance.
Processes of the circulation of Chinese wares in the Middle East during the Abbasid-Chinese ceramic exchange, eighth–tenth centuries ce
Authors: Wen Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article examines the different mechanisms of the circulation of Chinese ceramics in the Middle East during the Abbasid-Chinese ceramic exchange during the eighth–tenth centuries ce. Although trade has been used conveniently to denote the circulation of Chinese wares in the Abbasid Caliphate, it is not the only mechanism that existed. There were also other possible processes of circulation, such as ceramics sent as tributes, diplomatic gifts, and samples, and secondary distribution through looting and pilgrimage. Not all Chinese wares shipped to the Middle East were luxury goods. Different types of Chinese wares had different functions and commercial and aesthetic values in the Middle East. It is an oversimplification to describe the circulation of Chinese wares in the Middle East as merely the result of the luxury goods trade.
US public opinion on cross-strait relations: the effect of China threat on the China–Taiwan tension
Authors: Pan Hsin-Hsin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines US public opinion after the drastic changes in US–China relations during the Trump presidency. I argue that the perceived China threat influences Americans' evaluation of the China–Taiwan tension. Based on the US dataset of the 2018 Survey on Global Attitudes and Trends by the Pew Research Center, Americans tend to perceive the China–Taiwan tension as a serious problem for the USA when Americans identify China as a major threat and its military strength as a concern. As US public opinion shapes the US foreign policy on China, the findings shed light on the public support for the ongoing US–China conflict.
Package AdvEMDpy: Algorithmic variations of empirical mode decomposition in Python
Authors: van Jaarsveldt Cole , Ames Matthew , Peters Gareth W. , Chantler Mike 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work presents a
$\textsf{Python}$
EMD package named AdvEMDpy that is both more flexible and generalises existing empirical mode decomposition (EMD) packages in
$\textsf{Python}$
,
$\textsf{R}$
, and
$\textsf{MATLAB}$
. It is aimed specifically for use by the insurance and financial risk communities, for applications such as return modelling, claims modelling, and life insurance applications with a particular focus on mortality modelling. AdvEMDpy both expands upon the EMD options and methods available, and improves their statistical robustness and efficiency, providing a robust, usable, and reliable toolbox. Unlike many EMD packages, AdvEMDpy allows customisation by the user, to ensure that a broader class of linear, non-linear, and non-stationary time series analyses can be performed. The intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) extracted using EMD contain complex multi-frequency structures which warrant maximum algorithmic customisation for effective analysis. A major contribution of this package is the intensive treatment of the EMD edge effect which is the most ubiquitous problem in EMD and time series analysis. Various EMD techniques, of varying intricacy from numerous works, have been developed, refined, and, for the first time, compiled in AdvEMDpy. In addition to the EMD edge effect, numerous pre-processing, post-processing, detrended fluctuation analysis (localised trend estimation) techniques, stopping criteria, spline methods, discrete-time Hilbert transforms (DTHT), knot point optimisations, and other algorithmic variations have been incorporated and presented to the users of AdvEMDpy. This paper and the supplementary materials provide several real-world actuarial applications of this package for the user’s benefit.