bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imagawa–Matsumoto syndrome: SUZ12‐related overgrowth disorder
Authors: Imagawa Eri , Seyama Rie , Aoi Hiromi , Uchiyama Yuri , Marcarini Bruno Guimaraes , Furquim Isabel , Honjo Rachel Sayuri , Bertola Debora Romeo , Kim Chong Ae , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe SUZ12 gene encodes a subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that is essential for development by silencing the expression of multiple genes. Germline heterozygous variants in SUZ12 have been found in Imagawa–Matsumoto syndrome (IMMAS) characterized by overgrowth and multiple dysmorphic features. Similarly, both EZH2 and EED also encode a subunit of PRC2 each and their pathogenic variants cause Weaver syndrome and Cohen–Gibson syndrome, respectively. Clinical manifestations of these syndromes significantly overlap, although their different prevalence rates have recently been noted: generalized overgrowth, intellectual disability, scoliosis, and excessive loose skin appear to be less prevalent in IMMAS than in the other two syndromes. We could not determine any apparent genotype–phenotype correlation in IMMAS. The phenotype of neurofibromatosis type 1 arising from NF1 deletion was also shown to be modified by the deletion of SUZ12, 560 kb away. This review deepens our understanding of the clinical and genetic characteristics of IMMAS together with other overgrowth syndromes related to PRC2. We also report on a novel IMMAS patient carrying a splicing variant (c.1023+1G>C) in SUZ12. This patient had a milder phenotype than other previously reported IMMAS cases, with no macrocephaly or overgrowth phenotypes, highlighting the clinical variation in IMMAS.
“Joy”: Murals and the Failure of Post‐politics After the Morandi Bridge Collapse
Authors: Guano Emanuela 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn 2018, the Morandi bridge collapsed, killing 43 people and displacing 600 from their homes in Genoa's postindustrial outskirts. Almost entirely isolated after the collapse, Certosa bore much of the brunt of the disaster. This is when Genoa's conservative administration launched On the Wall, a street art project meant to assuage residents’ anger; the theme chosen for the murals was “joy.” Drawing on ethnographic research conducted between 2019 and 2022, this project explores the post‐political underpinnings of Certosa's “joyous” street art.These murals, I suggest, are an attempt by the city administration to enact a type of aesthetic governance that seeks to conceal institutional neglect while foreclosing political antagonism; this happens through a distribution of the sensible (Ranciѐre 2010, 24‐25) that is meant to promote consensus by shaping the residents’ perception of their neighborhood. However, I also contend that, instead of fostering a post‐political allegiance between Genoa's conservative administration and Certosa's residents, the street art project failed to sway a community organized around the awareness of its own disenfranchisement. Since Certosa's ruination continued unabated, beleaguered residents intensified their demands for the safety and the basic services that are still denied to their neighborhood.
Reduced progression of carotid intima media thickness by personalised pictorial presentation of subclinical atherosclerosis in VIPVIZA—A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nyman Emma , Grönlund Christer , Vanoli Davide , Liv Per , Norberg Margareta , Bengtsson Anna , Wennberg Patrik , Wester Per , Näslund Ulf ,   for the VIPVIZA trial group
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesReduced progression of atherosclerosis can decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a pictorial intervention showing atherosclerotic severity on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis.MethodsA prospective randomised open‐label blinded end‐point trial with participants aged 40–60 years enroled from a routine CVD prevention programme. The intervention group (n: 1575) and their treating physicians received an image based presentation of subclinical atherosclerotic severity measured by carotid ultrasound. The control group (n: 1579) did not receive any information about ultrasound results. Carotid ultrasound at baseline and at 3‐year follow‐up contained plaque detection and measurements of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT). The left, right and bilateral‐mean‐cIMT, plaque prevalence and total plaque area (TPA) at 3‐year follow‐up were compared between groups. Significance level was set to p = 0.01 to adjust for multiple comparisons.ResultsThe intervention group revealed reduced cIMT progression in the left‐mean‐cIMT of −0.011 mm (p = 0.001) compared with the control group. The intervention effect on cIMT progression was most prominent in individuals with increased cIMT and plaque prevalence at baseline (−0.021 mm, p = 0.005). There were no differences in progression between groups for the right‐and bilateral‐mean‐cIMT (−0.005 mm, p = 0.223 and −0.005 mm, p = 0.036, respectively), nor any differences between groups for plaque prevalence or TPA (odds ratio 0.88, p = 0.09 and 0.89, p = 0.21, respectively).ConclusionPictorial presentation of subclinical atherosclerotic severity sent to both the individual and their treating physician resulted in significantly reduced left cIMT progression. Pictorial presentation has the potential to increase adherence in CVD prevention.
Understanding accountability in practice: Obligations, scrutiny, and consequences
Authors: Anderson Colin 
Published: January 2023

SummaryMotivationAttempting to increase authorities' accountability for their actions has become a mainstay of development practice in recent decades. Yet commentators suggest that these efforts have reached an impasse, in part because of conceptual fuzziness regarding the core ideas of public accountability.PurposeThis article explores what we can learn about accountability processes and practices from recent multi‐country research into citizen–state relations. I explore three concepts that emerge as important from this material and which might also be useful in broader thinking and development practice: obligations, scrutiny, and consequences.Methods and approachThe empirical material analysed comes from the five‐year Action for Empowerment and Accountability (A4EA) research programme, which focused on Mozambique, Myanmar, Nigeria, and Pakistan, and explored a range of experiences of people interacting with public authorities, and the efforts of international donors and activists to improve these interactions.FindingsThe analysis suggests the advantage of paying more attention to (1) the range of obligations from which accountability emerges; (2) what enables citizens to engage in active scrutiny of authorities; and (3) a broad set of consequences of accountability claims. Within this framing, the A4EA material highlights the relative importance of felt obligations and the social contract over formalized entitlements, development of capacities and spaces for informed citizens to actively question authorities, and of outcomes where authorities accept responsibility for their actions or the status quo as well as experience direct sanctions.Policy implicationsEfforts for greater public accountability might be sharpened by identifying what would represent effective scrutiny against felt accountability obligations, and what spaces, capacities, and opportunities are required for that. Incorporating a better understanding of the consequences that come about from accountability claims could help create better measures and understandings of success, and what generates it.
Does conditioning cash transfers on health treatment harm the health of other families on low incomes who depend on public services? Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Csapo Marika 
Published: January 2023

SummaryMotivationCash transfers have become popular for relieving poverty in the Global South. Many programmes are conditional on beneficiaries complying with medical check‐ups, nutritional assessments, and vaccinations. Such conditions may improve the health of beneficiaries, above all the health of their young children. But often public health provision is strained. Might the increased attention to those getting the transfers reduce health services to non‐beneficiaries, and especially those on low incomes who cannot afford private medicine?PurposeWhat are the impacts of the largest and longest‐lived conditional cash transfer programme in the world, Brazil's Bolsa Família (BF), on the health of non‐beneficiaries living in poverty? Does the health of non‐beneficiaries suffer when BF requirements come into place? Do the health requirements of BF lead to increased administrative costs for local health centres? Do they squeeze remaining resources for health care?Methods and approachSurveys from before and after the creation of BF are used to model the probability of death for infants born into poor households, comparing those enrolled in BF to those not included. The impacts of the BF programme on local health budgets are modelled through regression analysis. The analysis takes advantage of the varying degree of coverage of BF at the level of municipalities across Brazil.FindingsImplementation of BF led to lower risk of death of infants from beneficiary families than predicted by trends before BF, while infants from impoverished non‐beneficiary families developed a higher‐than‐expected risk of death. The benefits to the former group were larger than the harm to the latter group, which explains why BF appears to reduce infant and child mortality in aggregate. The expansion of BF depressed local spending on primary health care. Above all, more of the health budget and staff time was spent on monitoring compliance with health conditionalities.Policy implicationsThe harmful spillovers from BF to the health of low‐income households who were not included in the programme pose questions about the conditions that often accompany cash transfer programmes. In cases like Brazil, where budgets for public health care are limited, unconditional transfers might be preferable. Or, if health conditions are applied to cash transfer beneficiaries, then extra resources need to be granted to health centres to allow them to deal with the increased demand from beneficiaries for services.
The Trust Imperative: Conceptualizing the Dynamics of Trust and Distrust in Parent‐Professional Collaboration
Authors: Matthiesen Noomi , Cavada‐Hrepich Paula , Tanggaard Lene 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article develops a conceptual framework of the dynamics of trust between parents and professionals in early childhood education and care. In contemporary Western society, the heightened risk awareness with respect to early childhood has led to an increased focus on the collaboration between home and daycare. Mutual trust is a core aspect of this collaboration, resulting in a trust imperative. Drawing on Knud Eilar Løgstrup, Noomi Matthiesen, Paula Cavada‐Hrepich, and Lene Tanggaard argue here that trust is a spontaneous, relational phenomenon rooted in practice and emerging in a normatively structured order. They develop a conceptual framework of trust that has two dimensions: a basic dimension and a competence dimension. The basic dimension is connected to the willingness of the other to do what is good and right according to the normative order, while the competence dimension has to do with the ability to do so. The authors contend that, while trust is a spontaneous and sovereign phenomenon outside of individuals' control, parents and professionals in daycare perform in ways that are recognized as more or less trust‐worthy. They also perform in ways that signal they are trust‐ful. However, these conscious performances can paradoxically reduce the possibility of spontaneous trust.
Hydrogeological Characterization of Crystalline Bedrock Using Borehole Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Eeva Salla , Karjalainen Aino , Koivisto Emilia , Korkka‐Niemi Kirsti , Rautio Anne , Räisänen Olli , Gee Ryan , Birt Benjamin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe aimed to test borehole magnetic resonance (BMR) method for determining hydraulic parameters (porosity, permeability, and hydraulic conductivity) required for hydrogeological modeling in two distinct crystalline rock environments. These sites comprise Proterozoic basement rocks of different compositions: mafic rocks at the Sakatti mining development site in northern Finland and felsic rocks at the Olkiluoto Island nuclear repository site in southwest Finland. Although BMR is widely used for determining storage and hydraulic properties in sedimentary environments, there have been few studies in crystalline bedrocks. The results indicate that BMR is a suitable tool for studying lithologically and hydrogeologically heterogeneous fractured crystalline bedrocks. It can produce continuous data from hydraulic properties of bedrock in addition to more time‐consuming methods such as flowmeter and packer tests and can provide guidance on where to focus additional flow measurements. The intervals display fracture and reduced matrix porosity characteristics, both of which can be enhanced or reduced locally by chemical alteration and by tectonic processes. Flow parameters vary significantly throughout the studied intervals: independently from the lithological composition, these intervals locally display relatively high porosities, and may be correlated to the more intensely fractured and/or brecciated zones. However, due to the heterogeneity in mineralogy, grain/pore arrangement, and the variability of fracture flow‐driven transport in each borehole, the challenge remains in finding a unique set of permeability constants for these crystalline rock types. The permeability models could be calibrated by laboratory measurements of the core, and possibly a new permeability model suitable for crystalline bedrock could be created.
Interobserver reproducibility of cribriform cancer in prostate needle biopsies and validation of International Society of Urological Pathology criteria
Authors: Egevad Lars , Delahunt Brett , Iczkowski Kenneth A , van der Kwast Theo , van Leenders Geert J L H , Leite Katia R M , Pan Chin‐Chen , Samaratunga Hemamali , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Mulliqi Nita , Ji Xiaoyi , Olsson Henrik , Valkonen Masi , Ruusuvuori Pekka , Eklund Martin , Kartasalo Kimmo 
Published: January 2023

AimsThere is strong evidence that cribriform morphology indicates a worse prognosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Our aim was to investigate its interobserver reproducibility in prostate needle biopsies.Methods and resultsA panel of nine prostate pathology experts from five continents independently reviewed 304 digitised biopsies for cribriform cancer according to recent International Society of Urological Pathology criteria. The biopsies were collected from a series of 702 biopsies that were reviewed by one of the panellists for enrichment of high‐grade cancer and potentially cribriform structures. A 2/3 consensus diagnosis of cribriform and noncribriform cancer was reached in 90% (272/304) of the biopsies with a mean kappa value of 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.52–0.61). The prevalence of consensus cribriform cancers was estimated to 4%, 12%, 21%, and 20% of Gleason scores 7 (3 + 4), 7 (4 + 3), 8, and 9–10, respectively. More than two cribriform structures per level or a largest cribriform mass with ≥9 lumina or a diameter of ≥0.5 mm predicted a consensus diagnosis of cribriform cancer in 88% (70/80), 84% (87/103), and 90% (56/62), respectively, and noncribriform cancer in 3% (2/80), 5% (5/103), and 2% (1/62), respectively (all P < 0.01).ConclusionCribriform prostate cancer was seen in a minority of needle biopsies with high‐grade cancer. Stringent diagnostic criteria enabled the identification of cribriform patterns and the generation of a large set of consensus cases for standardisation.
Tensile creep properties and damage mechanisms of 2D‐woven C/HfC–SiC composites in high temperature
Authors: Fu Lu , Wen Shifeng , Hou Wanbo , Shi Xinhao , Feng Tao , Tong Mingde 
Published: January 2023

Abstract2D‐C/HfC–SiC composites were prepared by a combination of precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). Creep tests were performed at 1100°C in air under different stress conditions. Unlike most, C/SiC and SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites only underwent primary and secondary creep stages, and the C/HfC–SiC composites underwent tertiary creep stage in the creep process. The reason was that the mechanical properties of C/HfC–SiC materials prepared by PIP + CVI methods were different from those prepared by traditional methods. The microscopic morphological analysis of the sample fracture showed that the oxidation products SiO2 and Hf–Si–O glass phases of the HfC–SiC matrix played a crack filling role in the sample during creep. In turn, it provided effective protection to the internal fibers of the sample. The creep failure of C/HfC–SiC composites in a high‐temperature oxidizing atmosphere was caused by the oxidation of the fibers. The total creep process was dominated by the oxidation of carbon fibers. It is noteworthy that there was the generation of HfxSiyOz nanowires in the samples after high‐temperature creep. The analysis of the experimental data showed that the creep stress had a linear negative correlation with the creep life.
Diagnostic utility and outcomes of inpatient investigations for syncope in a regional setting
Authors: Schembri Laura , Vangaveti Venkat , Mallett Andrew 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSyncope is a common presentation to the emergency department with a wide spectrum of aetiology. The identification of the underlying cause can be diagnostically challenging, as are the choice of investigations and the decision for inpatient versus outpatient disposition.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the aetiology of syncope as documented, the diagnostic yield of inpatient investigations and outcomes for adult patients admitted for syncope.MethodsA single‐centred, retrospective cohort study was conducted in adult patients admitted for syncope within a 2‐year period. A total of 386 patients were identified after exclusion. Information regarding syncope aetiology, investigations and outcomes were established via chart review of electronic records.ResultsThe most common cause of syncope was neural‐mediated (43%), followed by orthostatic (36.5%) and cardiogenic (20.5%). The investigations performed in order of frequency included: telemetry electrocardiogram (ECG) (75.4%), computed tomography head non‐contrast (58.8%), transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) (20.2%), computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) (6.5%), MR brain (3.9%), electroencephalogram (1.3%) and carotid ultrasound (0.3%). Telemetry ECG, TTE and CTPA led to the diagnosis of syncope in a minority of patients only. As a result, 17.5% of patients had a new intervention on discharge, 5.4% were readmitted for syncope and 9.6% of patients died.ConclusionsIn the context of the inpatient evaluation of syncope, this study supports the use of telemetry ECG and TTE. Neuroimaging demonstrates a low diagnostic yield for the cause of syncope, but it may have a role to play in excluding other pathologies. Our study does not support the routine use of CTPA, EEG or carotid ultrasound in the evaluation of syncope.
Abnormal upconversion luminescence induced by defects and Er3+–Yb3+ distance change in Cs3GdGe3O9:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors
Authors: Cui Hongqiang , Cao Yongze , Zhang Lei , Li Ying , Zhang Yuhang , Li Lei , Zhang Jinsu , Chen Baojiu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA series of Er3+/Yb3+ co‐doped Cs3GdGe3O9 (CGG) phosphors were prepared by solid‐phase sintering method, and the microstructure and upconversion luminescence (UCL) properties were tested by variable‐temperature X‐ray diffractometry and variable‐temperature spectrometer. Abnormal UCL phenomena were found, which include UCL intensity continuously increasing under 980 nm laser continuous irradiation and UCL thermal enhancement. After 10 min of continuous irradiation by 980 nm laser at 513 K, the UCL intensity increased 2.91 times compared with the initial UCL intensity. The phenomenon is due to the electron releasing of host defects. The green UCL intensity of CGG:0.1Er3+/0.2Yb3+ decreases at 303–423 K and increases at 423–723 K, which reaches 13.23 times compared with that at 423 K. The phenomenon is due to Er3+–Yb3+ distance change by temperature and phonon‐assisted transitions. In addition, the absolute temperature sensitivities of samples are calculated by luminescence intensity ratio technology, the maximum absolute sensitivity of CGG:0.1Er3+/0.4Yb3+ is 0.00691 K−1 at 546 K, and the maximum relative sensitivity of CGG:0.1Er3+/0.1Yb3+ is 0.01224 K−1 at 303 K. These results indicate that CGG:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors can be used as a high‐temperature optical thermometer.
Floristic diversity, composition and dominance across Amazonian forest types respond differently to latitude
Authors: de Aledo Julia G. , Paneghel Mara , Cayuela Luis , Matas‐Granados Laura , Saadi Celina Ben , Salinas Norma , La Torre‐Cuadros María de los Ángeles , García‐Villacorta Roosevelt , Macía Manuel J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe latitudinal biodiversity gradient is considered a first‐order biogeographical pattern for most taxonomic groups. Latitudinal variation in plant diversity is not always consistent, and this could be related to the particular characteristics of different forest types. In this study, we compare latitudinal changes in floristic diversity (alpha diversity), composition (beta diversity) and dominance across different tropical forest types: floodplain, terra firme and submontane forests.LocationWestern Amazonia (Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia).TaxonWoody plants.MethodsWe inventoried 1978 species and 31,203 individuals of vascular plants with a diameter at breast height ≥ 2.5 cm in 118 0.1‐ha plots over an 1800 km latitudinal gradient in three different forest types. The relationships between alpha diversity, latitude and forest type were analysed using generalised linear mixed models. Semi‐parametric permutational multivariate analysis of variance was used to investigate the effects of latitude and forest type on beta diversity. Dominant species abundances were correlated with non‐metric multidimensional scaling ordination axes to reflect their contributions in shaping changes in beta diversity.ResultsAlpha diversity increased towards equatorial latitudes in terra firme and submontane forests but remained relatively constant in floodplains. Beta diversity of all forest types changed with latitude, although less clearly in floodplains. Also, in floodplain forests, there were fewer dominant species contributing to beta diversity and more species homogeneous along the gradient.Main ConclusionsLatitudinal diversity patterns are manifested in alpha and beta diversity since latitude summarizes climatic and edaphic changes. However, we found different responses of each forest type. In floodplain forests, inundation regime is a stronger predictor than latitude, limiting floristic diversity and composition. Changes in dominant species abundance over gradients explained species composition, but floodplain forests harboured more homogeneous dominant species than well drained forests. It is key to study environmental trends and habitat characteristics of each forest type to understand their species diversity and dominance patterns.