bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity related to metabolic syndrome: Comparison of obesity indicators in an older French population
Authors: ASSOUMOU Hourfil Gabin NTOUGOU , PICHOT Vincent , BARTHELEMY Jean Claude , CELLE Sebastien , GARCIN Arnauld , THOMAS Thierry , ROCHE Frederic 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. Insulin resistance is a major component of the syndrome. We analyze in this study the relationship between body fat composition and MS in comparison to usual obesity indicators in an older adult population.
Design: The PROgnostic indicator OF cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (PROOF) study is a prospective longitudinal community cohort study among the inhabitants of Saint-Etienne, France
Methods: The study is a cohort study of 1011 subjects (mean age 65.6±0.8 years old) recruited from the electoral list of the town in 2000. Among them, 806 subjects realized a Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) used to evaluate body fat and lean mass repartition. We evaluate biological metabolic parameters according to usual techniques. The indices of obesity were calculated according to standard formula. MS presence and components were simultaneously evaluated.
Results: All physical parameters were significantly higher(p<0.0001) in subjects suffering metabolic syndrome as compared to those without. Body fat index (BFI) was distinguished from others with a strong correlation to total fat mass, trunk fat mass and body adiposity index (BAI). The correlations between body indices and metabolic components showed that body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were more strongly associated with BFI as compared to BAI and total fat mass. According logistic regression analysis, only waist-hip ratio (WHR) demonstratedsignificant association with MS severity (p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Among the obesity indices, BFI and BAI represented the best indicators to characterize global obesity while WHR is highly predictive of metabolic syndrome presence and severity. The BAI indicator is an alternative for measuring obesity in the absence of DXA measurements. Comparison of long-term impact of such markers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is now questioned.
Global patterns of asthma burden related to environmental risk factors during 1990-2019: An age-period-cohort analysis for Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Zhang Siying , Gao Zongshi , Wu Lihong , Zhong Yumei , Gao Hui , Tao Fang-biao , Wu Xiulong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Change in asthma burden attributed to specific environmental risk factor has not been evaluated.
Objective: We aimed to explore the age, period, and cohort effects on asthma burden attributable to smoking and occupational asthmagens in different socio-demographic index (SDI) areas and the regional and gender differences.
Methods: Risk factor-specific asthma death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates were extracted from Global Burden of Disease study 2019, estimated by standard Combined Cause of Death Model and DisMod-MR 2.1 modeling tool. Age-period-cohort analysis was conducted to decompose age, period, and cohort effects on asthma burden.
Results: Smoking- and occupational asthmagens-related asthma death and DALYs rates dropped by >45% during 1990-2019. In 2019, Africa, South and Southeast Asia had higher asthma burden than other regions, and male had higher asthma burden than female. Among nearly all age groups, low-middle SDI region had the highest smoking-related asthma burden, and low SDI region had the highest occupational asthmagens-related asthma burden. Inverse “V” shaped trend was observed in the above regions with increasing age. For smoking-related asthma death and DALYs rates, the most significant improvement of period rate ratios (RRs) occurred in high SDI area, decreased from 1.67 (1.61, 1.74) to 0.34 (0.33, 0.36) and 1.61 (1.57, 1.66) to 0.59 (0.57, 0.61), respectively, as well as the cohort effect on smoking-related asthma burden. For occupational asthmagens-related asthma death and DALYs rates, the most sharply decrease of period and cohort RRs appeared in the high and high-middle SDI region, respectively. Low SDI area showed least progress in period and cohort RRs of smoking- and occupational asthmagens-linked asthma burden.
Conclusion: Smoking and occupational asthmagens-related asthma burden sharply decreases, but region and sex disparities exist. Policy makers from low SDI region should reinforce tobacco control and make more effort in occupational protection.
Lutein and β-carotene characterization in free and nanodispersion forms in terms of antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity
Authors: Elkholy Nourhan , Hariri Mohamad Louai M. , Mohammed Haitham S. , Shafaa Medhat W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Carotenoids are potent natural antioxidants with many important applications. Their nanodispersion formulations can solve problems that may limit their usage. In this study, we produced carotenoid nanodispersions from extracted lutein (Nano-Lut), extracted β-carotene (Nano-EBc), and synthetic β-carotene (Nano-SBC).
Methods: The present study has quantitatively emphasized the physicochemical, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of free and nanodispersed formulations of lutein and β-carotene. The nanodispersions were characterized by spectral absorption, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential. Antioxidant and cytotoxicity assays were conducted for free and their nanodispersed forms. The cytotoxicity of free carotenoids and their nanodispersions was conducted on HSF, VERO, and BNL cell lines.
Results: Nano-Lut has the smallest mean particle size (185.2 ± 40.5 nm, PDI of 0.183 ± 0.01, and zeta potential of -28.6 ± 6.4 mV). Nano-SBc showed monomodal size distribution (220.5 ± 30.09 nm, PDI of 0.318 ± 0.03, and zeta potential of -12.1 ± 5.9 mV), while Nano-EBc showed a bimodal size distribution (with a mean particle size of 498.3 ± 88.9 nm, PDI of 0.65 ± 0.08, and zeta potential of -39.7 ± 1.3 mV). All prepared nanodispersions showed less than 20% loss during the formulation process. Antioxidant assays showed that extracted lutein was the most active and synthetic β-carotene was the least. Cells showed higher tolerance for lutein and its nanodispersion than extracted or synthetic β-carotene either in free or nanodispersion forms.
Conclusions: The study proved that lutein in nanodispersed form possesses the smallest size, the highest antioxidant activity, and the lowest cytotoxicity among the tested formulations.
The Effect of Fear of Missing Out on Mental Health: Differences in Different Solitude Behaviors
Authors: Liu Xinyang , Liu Tour , Zhou Zhao , Wan Fuyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are the main issues that affect the mental health of individuals. Solitude behavior, fear of missing out, and mental health are all closely related.
Objective: This study was intended to investigate the relationship between solitude behavior, FoMO, and mental health.
Methods: Short Form of Solitude Behavior Scale (SBS-S), Fear of Missing Out scale (FoMOs), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were employed in this study to investigate 616 college students. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 for basic data organization, and Mplus 8.3 was used to complete the analysis of the mediation model.
Results: (1) Positive solitude positively predicted eccentricity and negatively predicted loneliness; social avoidance positively predicted eccentricity and loneliness. (2) Social avoidance and loneliness affected mental health through the mediating effect of FoMO, whereas positive solitude and eccentricitydid not affect mental health through FoMO. Moreover, the results still held in the model with depression, anxiety, and stress as dependent variables.
Conclusion:The roles of different solitude behavior in the relationship between FoMO and mental health differed. Social avoidance and loneliness as not self-determined solitude can activate the FoMO, which can affect mental health.
Revealing mitral valve cleft using real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography in children with mitral regurgitation
Authors: Bornaun Helen , Katipoğlu Çağlanur , Dedeoglu Savas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:Mitral valve cleft (MVC) is the most common cause of congenital mitral regurgitation (MR). MVC may be located on the anterior or posterior leaflets. We evaluated children with moderate-to-severe MR using 3D transthoracic echocardiography (3DTTE) to diagnose MVC and determine the location, shape and size of MVC.
Methods:Twenty-one patients under 18 years of age with moderate to severe MR without symptoms who were suspected of having MVC were in included in the study. The patients’ history and clinical data were obtained from the medical records. 2D and 3D imaging were performed with a high-quality machine (EPIQ CVx). A vena contracta (VC) of colour Doppler regurgitated jet 3-7 and ≥7 mm defined moderate-to-severe regurgitation.
Results: An isolated anterior leaflet cleft (ALC) was detected in four patients, an isolated posterior leaflet cleft (PLC) in 12 patients, and both an ALC and PLC in five patients. VC was higher in patients with ALCs than PLCs (8.85 mm vs. 6.64 mm). Global LV longitudinal strain was lower in the ALC group than in the PLC and both-posterior-and anterior MVC groups (–24.7, –24.3, and –24%, respectively). Global circumferential strain was lower in the ALC group (–28.9%) and similarly reduced in the both-posterior-and-anterior MVC group (–28.6%).
Conclusion:3DTTE for visualisation of the MV can be successfully implemented in children and should be proposed during follow-up. AMVC and bi-leaflet MVC results in severe regurgitation and can cause early systolic dysfunction.
Age, brood fate, and territory quality affect nest-site fidelity in White Stork Ciconia ciconia
Authors: Bialas Joanna T. , Siekiera Joachim , Siekiera Artur , Chromik Wiesław , Dylewski Łukasz , Tobolka Marcin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
A particular type of site fidelity is faithfulness to the nest site, where birds are not only reoccupying breeding territories but also reusing nests built in previous breeding seasons. Staying faithful to the nest site is believed to be an adaptive strategy, and based on the ability to predict an individual's own breeding success, a hypothesis of “win-stay:loose-switch” was proposed. In this study, we aimed to resolve which factors affect the nest-site fidelity of White Stork Ciconia ciconia, species known for reusing nests available in the breeding sites. Basing on ring recoveries from 31 years of studies in Western and Southern Poland, we analysed the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on nest-site fidelity.
Results
We found that increasing age and breeding success (i.e. producing any fledglings or not) increased the probability of reusing the nest, but in the oldest individuals, the probability decreased. In turn, the probability of breeding success increased with age, the increasing number of reproductive events on the particular nest, and the presence on the nest in the previous year. However, the oldest individuals had lower probability of success, as the relationship was curvilinear. The number of fledglings, however, was influenced only by an individual's age. The number of reproductive events on the nest was, in turn, affected by age, with the youngest and oldest individuals using the current nest for the least number of years.
Conclusions
Our study shows that the decision process of whether to stay faithful to the nest or switch is based on the experience from the previous breeding event, consistently with the “win-stay:loose-switch” hypothesis. Our results also show that site fidelity benefits White Storks, as the probability of breeding success increases if the nest is reused. Results also show the senescence effect that lowers breeding success and site fidelity probabilities.
Evolutionary Cost-Tolerance Optimization for Complex Assembly Mechanisms Via Simulation and Surrogate Modeling Approaches: Application on Micro Gears
Authors: Khezri Amirhossein , Schiller Vivian , Goka Edoh , Homri Lazhar , Etienne Alain , Stamer Florian , Dantan Jean-Yves , Lanza Gisela 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With the introduction of new technologies, the scope of miniaturization has broadened. The conditions under which complicated products are designed, manufactured, and assembled ultimately influence how well they perform. The intricacy and crucial functionality of products are frequently only fulfilled through the use of high-precision components such as micro gears. In power transmission systems, gears are used in a variety of industries. Micro gears or gears with micro features, with tolerances of less than 5 m, are pushing manufacturing processes to their technological limits. Monte-Carlo simulation methods enable an accurate forecast of inaccuracies in compliance. The complexity of the micro gear's design, on the other hand, increases the simulation computation and runtime. An alternative method for simulation is to create a surrogate model to predict the behavior. This paper proposes a statistical surrogate model to predict the conformity of a pair of micro gears. Afterward, the advantage of the surrogate model enables the optimal tolerances assignment while taking gear functionality, and production cost into account.
Relegation-free closed-form perturbation theory and the domain of secular motions in the Restricted 3-Body Problem
Authors: Rossi Mattia , Efthymiopoulos Christos 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We propose a closed-form (i.e. without expansion in the orbital eccentricities) scheme for computations in perturbation theory in the restricted three-body problem (R3BP) whenthe massless particle is in an orbit exterior to the one of the primary perturber. Starting with a multipole expansion of the barycentric (Jacobi-reduced) Hamiltonian, we carry out asequence of normalizations in Delaunay variables by Lie series, leading to a secular Hamiltonianmodel without use of relegation. To this end, we introduce a book-keeping analogous tothe one proposed in Cavallari & Efthymiopoulos (2022, CMDA) for test particle orbits interior to the one of the primary perturber, but here adapted, instead, to the case of exterior orbits. We give numerical examples ofthe performance of the method in both the planar circular and the spatial elliptic restrictedthree-body problem, for parameters pertinent to the Sun-Jupiter system. In particular, we demonstrate the method's accuracy in terms of reproducibility of the orbital elements' variations far from mean-motion resonances. As a basic outcome of the method, we show how,using as criterion the size of the series' remainder, we reach to obtain an accurate semianalytical estimate of the boundary (in the space of orbital elements) where the secularHamiltonian model arrived at after eliminating the particle's fast degree of freedom providesa valid approximation of the true dynamics.
Pathfinder elements and indicator minerals of Au from the Kubi Gold Ore Deposits in Ghana
Authors: Nzulu Gabriel K. , Hogberg Hans , Eklund Per , Hultman Lars , Nude Prosper , Yaya Abu , Magnuson Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Au mineralization in the Kubi Gold Mining area in Ghana originates from the garnet mineral to ~85% and the rest from magnetite, pyrrhotite, free gold within quartz, calcite, arsenopyrite, and other sulfide groups of minerals which potentially act as possible indicator minerals of Au. For the present work, we collected samples from drill holes at different depths from the alluvia zone (0-45 m) to the ore zone (75-100 m). The distributions of minerals in the rocks were investigated along the drill hole cross sections. X-ray diffraction shows that the samples contain garnet, pyrite, periclase, and quartz as the main indicator minerals. From energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fe, Mg, Al, S, O, Mn, Na, Au, Cu, Si, and K are identified as corresponding pathfinder elements. The results indicate that the Au mineralization in the Kubi Mine area is controlled by garnet, pyrite, goethite, and kaolinite that grades up to the surface oxides with hematite and limonite alterations.
Indoor resting behavior of Aedes aegypti and Culex spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) in northeastern Thailand
Authors: Seang-arwut Chadapond , Hanboonsong Yupa , Muenworn Vithee , Rocklöv Joacim , Haque Ubydul , Ekalaksananan Tipaya , Paul Richard E. , Overgaard Hans J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Aedes aegypti is a vector of several arboviruses, notably dengue virus (DENV), which causes dengue fever and more severe forms such as hemorrhagic fever. Vector control is currently the main method to control dengue outbreaks. Effective vector control strategies require an understanding of aspects of the bioecology of the vector, including resting behavior. The aims of this study were to investigate the resting behavior of Ae. aegypti in selected houses in northeastern Thailand.
Methods: Mosquitoes were collected in 60 houses in each of two rural and two urban sites in northeastern Thailand. Household characteristics were ascertained. Mosquitoes were collected from May to August 2019 during two collection times (morning/afternoon), in four room types (bedroom, bathroom, living room and kitchen) in each house and at three wall heights (<0.75m, 0.75-1.5m, >1.5m) using a battery-driven aspirator and sticky traps. Collected mosquitoes were identified and dengue virus detected in Ae. aegypti. Association analyses between location, household variables, geckos and mosquito abundances were performed.
Results: A total of 2,874 mosquitoes were collected by aspirators and 1,830 by sticky traps. Aedes aegypti and Culexspp. accounted for 44.8% and 53.2% of the specimens, respectively. Only 2.1% were Ae. albopictus. Ae. aegypti and Culex spp. rested most abundantly at intermediate and low heights in bedrooms and bathrooms. Clothes hanging at intermediate heights were associated with higher numbers of Ae. aegypti in rural settings. The absence of eaves, low wind flow and hanging clothes were associated with more Culex spp. in urban settings. Infrequent use of fogging or larval control was associated with high numbers of Culex spp. and Ae. aegypti. Overall, there seemed to be no clear relationships between sticky-trap collected geckos and Ae. aegypti or Culex spp. abundances.
Conclusions: Knowledge of indoor resting behavior of adult mosquitoes and associated environmental factors can guide the choice of the most appropriate and effective vector control method. Our work suggests that vector control using Targeted Indoor Residual Spraying focusing on walls at heights lower than 1.5 m in bedrooms and bathrooms could be part of an integrated effective strategy for dengue vector control.
Determination of discharge coefficient in non-Boussinesq cases and application in emptying–filling boxes
Authors: Liu Yang , Huang Zhongwei , Hou Siyi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The effect of high buoyancy forces due to the density contrast between the fluids at either side of the vent on the discharge coefficient Cd was considered in emptying–filling boxes. Salt experiments were conducted at small scale in a large freshwater tank with saline to generate buoyancy force. In non-Boussinesq cases, a larger discharge parameter Γd at the vent may make plume-like flow contract further with a smaller value of the discharge coefficient. Simple draining flows with variant Cd at the upper vent is modeled when considering the emptying of an enclosure initially filled with a large amount of light fluid. The time in the non-dimensional form for draining light fluid fully out of the space for the analysis with a variable value is twice the time predicted with a constant value of Cd = 0.6. A theoretical model of displacement flow with a virtual source correction at the initial position of an internal source was developed to reveal a time-dependent movement of the layer interface, and comparisons were made with the experimental results. The oscillatory amplitude of the interface overshooting during the transient period was found to depend on a geometrical parameter Λ and a dimensionless parameter Θ that characterizes the source strength relative to the space height.
Paleoceanography with variations in productivity and water temperature in a core from the Campos Basin
Authors: Ferreira Kimmolly Ferrari , Vilela Claudia Gutterres , Gasparini Sarah Pereira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

To infer changes in paleotemperature and marine productivity based in planktonic foraminifera results, samples from a piston core drilled in the continental slope of the Campos Basin were studied. Qualitative and quantitative studies were performed in 31 intervals of the core as well as the biostratigraphic zones were recognized. Episodes of appearance and disappearance of the menardiform plexus were considered. The genus Pulleniatina, in addition to other guide species, such as Globorotalia truncatulinoides, Gr. crassaformis, Globoconella inflata, and Globigerinella calida were also analyzed. It was possible to identify the Quaternary biozones: Z, Y, X and W. Most of the bioindicator species used to identify changes in paleoproductivity and paleotemperature presented congruent responses, showing more oligotrophic and warmer waters in the Holocene (Z zone) than to the previous Y zone (Late Pleistocene), considered glacial. However, in most of the Y zone, temperatures reconstructed at depths of 100m of the water column were below 20°C, indicating that deeper, nutrient-rich waters may have reached the photic zone during the last glacial period, increasing productivity. During the Y1A subzone, a productivity peak was recognized, which may be associated with the deglaciation period and a high contribution of nutrients from the erosion of the continent. Another peak in the Y2 subzone is associated with a period of water cooling. Zones X and W (Middle Pleistocene) showed higher variations in productivity and water temperature than the upper zones. Zone W, considered glacial, is the zone with the lowest temperature values and the highest productivity of the entire core.
Elective Robotic Partial Colon and Rectal Resections: Series of 170 Consecutive Robot Procedures Involving the Da Vinci Xi Robot by a Community General Surgeon
Authors: Hofeldt Matthew , Richmond Bryan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Robotic colorectal procedures may overcome the disadvantages of laparoscopic surgery. While the literature has multiple studies from specialized centers, experience from general surgeons is minimal. The purpose of this case series is to review elective partial colon and rectal resections by a general surgeon.

Methods

170 consecutive elective partial colon and rectal resections were reviewed. The cases were analyzed by type of procedure and total cases. The outcomes analyzed were procedure time, conversion rate, length of stay, complications, anastomotic leak, and node retrieval in the cancer cases.

Results

There were 71 right colon resections, 13 left colon resections, 44 sigmoid colon resection sand 42 low anterior resections performed. The mean length of procedure was 149 minutes. The conversion rate was 2.4%. The mean length of stay was 3.5 days. The percentage of cases one or more complications was 8.2%. There were 3 anastomotic leaks out of 159 anastomoses (1.9%). The mean lymph node retrieval was 28.4 for the 96 cancer cases.

Conclusion

Robot partial colon and rectal resections on the Da Vinci Xi robot can be completed safely and efficiently by a community general surgeon. Prospective studies are needed to demonstrate reproducibility by community surgeons performing robot colon resections.