bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of myofascial cupping vs integrated neuromuscular inhibition techniques on pain and neck movement in individuals with latent trigger point in trapezius
Authors: Gazbare Preeti , Rathi Manisha , Channe Dhanashree 
Published: May 2023

Background: Pain is the most common symptom for seeking therapeutic alternative to conventional medicine. Trigger points (TrP) being the most debilitating cause of nonspecific neck pain, are found to be more prevalent in trapezius muscle. Various instrument-based and other manual therapy techniques are effective in the treatment of TrP.Objective: To compare the effect of Myofascial Cupping (MFC) and Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) on the upper trapezius latent TrP on pain intensity, pressure pain threshold (PPT) & cervical range.Method: A randomized trial controlled on 40 individuals aged 20–40 years, both gender with latent TrPs in upper trapezius excluding ones who have taken treatment for upper trapezius TrPs within 6 months. Participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups by chit method, one group received MFC and other INIT. Pre- and post-intervention assessment was done using NPRS, pressure algometer and goniometer.Result: Within group, pain has significantly reduced after MFC and INIT with mean difference of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively ([Formula: see text]). PPT increased in both groups ([Formula: see text]) with mean difference of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Comparison between the groups showed significant difference in pain intensity ([Formula: see text]) suggesting MFC was more effective in reducing pain. However, a PPT ([Formula: see text]=0.606) and neck lateral flexion to the contralateral side of TrP ([Formula: see text]) were not significant.Conclusion: MFC was more effective than INITs in improving pain, however both interventions showed similar effect on PPT and neck lateral flexion on latent TrP in trapezius.
Design and Simulation of a Multilayer Chemical Neural Network That Learns via Backpropagation
Authors: Lakin Matthew R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The design and implementation of adaptive chemical reaction networks, capable of adjusting their behavior over time in response to experience, is a key goal for the fields of molecular computing and DNA nanotechnology. Mainstream machine learning research offers powerful tools for implementing learning behavior that could one day be realized in a wet chemistry system. Here we develop an abstract chemical reaction network model that implements the backpropagation learning algorithm for a feedforward neural network whose nodes employ the nonlinear “leaky rectified linear unit” transfer function. Our network directly implements the mathematics behind this well-studied learning algorithm, and we demonstrate its capabilities by training the system to learn a linearly inseparable decision surface, specifically, the XOR logic function. We show that this simulation quantitatively follows the definition of the underlying algorithm. To implement this system, we also report ProBioSim, a simulator that enables arbitrary training protocols for simulated chemical reaction networks to be straightforwardly defined using constructs from the host programming language. This work thus provides new insight into the capabilities of learning chemical reaction networks and also develops new computational tools to simulate their behavior, which could be applied in the design and implementations of adaptive artificial life.
Mimetic Dimensions of Bird-Human Interactions: The Use of Bird Sound Imitations among Estonian Birders
Authors: Magnus Riin , Bhattacharya Sugata 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper explores bird sound imitation as a particular type of interspecies interaction. Using questionnaires, interviews, and participatory observations, a survey was conducted among Estonian birders to find out about the prevalence of the practice, the diversity of imitated species, the means of imitation, and the attitudes of birders towards the use of recordings in the field. The study found that 55 species of birds from 11 orders were imitated and using one’s own voice was the most common way of imitating birds. The choice of the method of imitation depended on the purpose and context of imitation. Most birders supported the use of playbacks for scientific purposes, but not for daily birding. With the easy availability of playback technologies, there are increased concerns about the ubiquitous presence of disturbing factors. At the same time, however, the technological boundlessness is balanced by the heightened ethical self-reflection of birders.
Examining the Role of Age at Entrance in Foreign Detention for Dutch Prisoners’ Reoffending Behavior After Release
Authors: Hall Matthias van 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
While about 1,900 Dutch prisoners are detained abroad annually, current knowledge on this group of prisoners is often limited to descriptions about their background characteristics and conditions in foreign detention. Previous research has highlighted the relatively high average age of Dutch prisoners at entrance in foreign detention. The current study examines whether reoffending behavior differs across three groups of prisoners: younger prisoners (aged between 18–30 years), middle-aged prisoners (aged between 31–45 years), and older prisoners (46 years or older). Using registration and reconviction data, the results demonstrate that middle-aged prisoners form the largest group. Furthermore, the results indicate that younger prisoners are more likely to reoffend after release from foreign detention compared to other subgroups.
Discontinuous first person agreement in Semitic and postsyntactic modularity
Authors: Hewett Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Semitic agreement is normally discontinuous (i.e. expressed by more than one affix on the verb) only in the second and third persons. However, in restricted cases in particular languages, first person agreement is also discontinuous. I discuss two types of first person discontinuities. The first manifests the hallmarks of a meta split, persisting across paradigms and exponents. I argue that this type of first person discontinuity arises due to postsyntactic Fission which separates antagonistic sets of features prior to insertion and which is driven by markedness constraints on feature coexponence. The second type of first person discontinuity is restricted to a single paradigm and does not evince true discontinuous bleeding effects. Such discontinuities are best captured via morphological Doubling, modeled via Generalized Reduplication. First person discontinuities thus provide strong empirical support for the autonomy of morpheme splitting rules and morpheme copying rules. I demonstrate that each type of rule has a distinct empirical signature and acts as a repair to a different kind of morphotactic constraint. Consequently, there must be more than one route to discontinuous agreement.
Liberated, But Not Free
Authors: Maitra Nabanjan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Polemic has a deeply polemical history. It has, on occasion, been dismissed as a philosophical dead-end, but its sociological salience has more often been missed. In this article, I take up the one-sided religious polemics undertaken in the fourteenth century by the Mādhva Vedāntins against the Advaita Vedāntins. I argue that religious polemics, besides being integral to the consolidation of group identity and fostering solidarity, shed light on the issues that are of acute import to the group advancing them. In these engagements, silence can convey as much as sustained engagement, revealing the asymmetries of power that obtain between presumed rival institutions.
A State-Society Approach to Climate Policy Diffusion for Sustainable Development in East Asia
Authors: Lee Jinhyun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Increasingly, global efforts to combat climate change by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have invoked national climate policies in the past decades. The Paris Agreement provides general guidelines for climate policy with which signatory countries are expected to comply. East Asia’s economic and political significance is rising in achieving these goals globally, but countries in the region are somewhat behind international climate norms and face criticism from global society. Moreover, despite government initiatives to achieve a sustainability transition domestically, East Asian societies are less aligned with international climate norms, prioritizing economic development over issues like climate change. As a result, governments in the region face different incentives for their policy options. This paper discusses three East Asian examples from the global norm-diffusion perspective by taking a state-society approach. It argues that the top-down efforts initiated by global society will fail without domestic societies embracing international efforts.
Application of multi-spectral CT imaging in Crohn's disease: a systematic review
Authors: Grassi Giovanni , Laino Maria Elena , Kalra Mannudeep , Cherchi Maria Valeria , Nicola Refky , Mannelli Lorenzo , Balestrieri Antonella , Suri Jasjit S , Sala Evis , Saba Luca 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundNo quantitative computed tomography (CT) biomarker is actually sufficiently accurate to assess Crohn’s disease (CD) lesion activity, with adequate precision to guide clinical decisions.PurposeTo assess the available literature on the use of iodine concentration (IC), from multi-spectral CT acquisition, as a quantitative parameter able to distinguish healthy from affected bowel and assess CD bowel activity and heterogeneity of activity along the involved segments.Material and MethodsA literature search was conducted to identify original research studies published up to February 2022. The inclusion criteria were original research papers (>10 human participants), English language publications, focus on dual-energy CT (DECT) of CD with iodine quantification (IQ) as an outcome measure. The exclusion criteria were animal-only studies, languages other than English, review articles, case reports, correspondence, and study populations <10 patients.ResultsNine studies were included in this review; all of which showed a strong correlation between IC measurements and CD activity markers, such as CD activity index (CDAI), endoscopy findings and simple endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD), and routine CT enterography (CTE) signs and histopathologic score. Statistically significant differences in IC were reported between affected bowel segments and healthy ones (higher P value was P < 0.001), normal segments and those with active inflammation ( P < 0.0001) as well as between patients with active disease and those in remission ( P < 0.001).ConclusionThe mean normalized IC at DECTE could be a reliable tool in assisting radiologists in the diagnosis, classification and grading of CD activity.
Comparison of two different 360-degree intrastromal corneal rings combined with simultaneous accelerated-corneal cross-linking
Authors: Mohammadpour Mehrdad , Heirani Mohsen , Khoshtinat Narges , Khorrami-Nejad Masoud 
Published: May 2023

Purposeto compare five-year outcomes of two complete intracorneal implants (MyoRing versus annular-shaped intracorneal implant [AICI]) combined with accelerated corneal cross-linking (A-CXL) in progressive KCN.MethodsIn this historical cohort study, preoperative and postoperative visual, refractive, tomographic, biomechanical, and aberrometric parameters of 27 eyes of 27 patients who underwent implantation of two complete rings (13 AICI and 14 MyoRing) combined with A-CXL were recorded.ResultsThe mean age of patients in “AICI plus A-CXL” and “MyoRing plus A-CXL” groups were 28.1 ± 4.6 and 26.3 ± 3.8 years, respectively. All pre- and postoperative visual and refractive parameters between the two groups were not significantly different ( p > 0.05). Comparing pre- and postoperative tomographic measurements showed that anterior corneal surface (ACS) flat-K and corneal thickness at pachymetric apex significantly improved for MyoRing plus A-CXL group after five years ( p < 0.05). On the other hand, ACS K-max and mean-K values were significantly improved for AICI plus A-CXL group after five years ( p < 0.05). Both groups revealed significant improvements in ACS steep-K and corneal astigmatism ( p < 0.05). Five years after surgery, the high order aberration in the AICI group (2.60 ± 0.83) was significantly better than the MyoRing group (1.70 ± 0.43) ( p = 0.007).ConclusionsBoth complete intrastromal rings (MyoRing or AICI) combined with A-CXL significantly Improved visual, refractive, and corneal aberrometric, biomechanical, and tomographic parameters and halt the progression of KCN with comparable long-term outcomes.
Transcriptome-wide analysis of RNA m6A methylation regulation of muscle development in Queshan Black pigs
Authors: Dou Yaqing , Wei Yilin , Zhang Zhe , Li Chenlei , Song Chenglei , Liu Yingke , Qi Kunlong , Li Xinjian , Li Xiuling , Qiao Ruimin , Wang Kejun , Yang Feng , Han Xuelei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) refers to the methylation modification of N6 position of RNA adenine, a dynamic reversible RNA epigenetic modification that plays an important regulatory role in a variety of life processes. In this study, we used MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of adult (QA) and newborn (QN) Queshan Black pigs to screen key genes with m6A modification involved in muscle growth by bioinformatics analysis.

Results
A total of 23,445 and 25,465 m6A peaks were found in the whole genomes of QA and QN, respectively. Among them, 613 methylation peaks were significantly different (DMPs) and 579 genes were defined as differentially methylated genes (DMGs). Compared with the QN group, there were 1,874 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in QA group, including 620 up-regulated and 1,254 down-regulated genes. In order to investigate the relationship between m6A and mRNA expression in the muscle of Queshan Black pigs at different periods, a combined analysis of MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq showed that 88 genes were significantly different at both levels. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results showed that DEGs and DMGs were mainly involved in skeletal muscle tissue development, FoxO signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. Four DEGs (IGF1R, CCND2, MYOD1 and FOS) and four DMGs (CCND2, PHKB, BIN1 and FUT2), which are closely related to skeletal muscle development, were selected as candidate genes for verification, and the results were consistent with the sequencing results, which indicated the reliability of the sequencing results.

Conclusions
These results lay the foundation for understanding the specific regulatory mechanisms of growth in Queshan Black pigs, and provide theoretical references for further research on the role of m6A in muscle development and breed optimization selection.
Associations of emotional social support, depressive symptoms, chronic stress, and anxiety with hard cardiovascular disease events in the United States: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Riahi Seyed Mohammad , Yousefi Ahmad , Saeedi Farhad , Martin Seth Shay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe and psychosocial factors are not sufficiently understood.

Aim
In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the role of different psychosocial factors including depressive symptoms, chronic stress, anxiety, and emotional social support (ESS) on the incidence of hard CVD (HCVD).

Methods
We examined the association of psychosocial factors and HCVD incidence amongst 6,779 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Using physician reviewers’ adjudication of CVD events incident, depressive symptoms, chronic stress, anxiety, emotional social support scores were measured by validated scales. We used Cox proportional Hazards (PH) models with psychosocial factors in several of the following approaches: (1) Continuous; (2) categorical; and (3) spline approach. No violation of the PH was found. The model with the lowest AIC value was chosen.

Results
Over an 8.46-year median follow-up period, 370 participants experienced HCVD. There was not a statistically significant association between anxiety and HCVD (95%CI) for the highest versus the lowest category [HR = 1.51 (0.80–2.86)]. Each one point higher score for chronic stress (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08–1.29) and depressive symptoms (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01–1.03) was associated with a higher risk of HCVD in separate models. In contrary, emotional social support (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99) was linked with a lower risk of HCVD.

Conclusions
Higher levels of chronic stress is associated with greater risk of incident HCVD whereas ESS has a protective association.
Associations between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio with left atrial spontaneous echo contrast or thrombus in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Deng Yingjian , Zhou Faguang , Li Qiang , Guo Jincun , Cai Binni , Li Guiyang , Liu Jianghai , Li Linlin , Zheng Qi , Chang Dong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe importance of inflammation in thrombosis is increasingly appreciated. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) are important indicators of systemic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the associations between NLR and MHR with left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) and spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.MethodsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study enrolled 569 consecutive patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate independent risk factors of LAAT/SEC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of NLR and MHR in predicting LAAT/SEC. Subgroup and Pearson correlation analyses were used to assess the correlations between NLR and MHR with the CHA2DS2-VASc score.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.173–1.892) and MHR (OR: 2.951; 95%CI: 1.045–8.336) were independent risk factors for LAAT/SEC. The area under the ROC curve of NLR (0.639) and MHR (0.626) was similar to that of the CHADS2score (0.660) and CHA2DS2-VASc score (0.637). Subgroup and Pearson correlation analyses showed significant but very weak associations between NLR (r = 0.139,P < 0.05) and MHR (r = 0.095,P < 0.05) with the CHA2DS2-VASc score.ConclusionGenerally, NLR and MHR are independent risk factors for predicting LAAT/SEC in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
Time from symptoms onset to remdesivir is associated with the risk of ICU admission: a multicentric analyses
Authors: Alonso-Navarro Rodrigo , Ramírez Margarita , Masiá Mar , Paredes Roger , Montejano Rocío , Povar-Echeverria Marina , Carratalà Jordi , Salavert Miguel , Bernal Enrique , Dueñas Carlos , Flores Juan , Fanjul Francisco , Gutiérrez Isabel , Rico Verónica , Mateu Lourdes , Cadiñanos Julen , Berenguer Juan , Soriano Alex 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Shorter duration of symptoms before remdesivir has been associated with better outcomes. Our goal was to evaluate variables associated with the need of ICU admission in a cohort of hospitalized patients for COVID-19 under remdesivir including the period from symptoms onset to remdesivir.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective multicentric study analysing all patients admitted with COVID-19 in 9 Spanish hospitals who received treatment with remdesivir in October 2020. The main outcome was the need of ICU admission after 24 h of the first dose of remdesivir.

Results
In our cohort of 497 patients, the median of days from symptom onset to remdesivir was 5 days, and 70 of them (14.1%) were later admitted into ICU. The clinical outcomes associated with ICU admission were days from symptoms onset (5 vs. 6; p = 0.023), clinical signs of severe disease (respiratory rate, neutrophil count, ferritin levels and very-high mortality rate in SEIMC-Score) and the use of corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory drugs before ICU. The only variable significatively associated with risk reduction in the Cox-regression analyses was ≤ 5 days from symptoms onset to RDV (HR: 0.54, CI95%: 0.31–0.92; p = 0.024).

Conclusion
For patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19, the prescription of remdesivir within 5 days from symptoms onset diminishes the need of ICU admission.
Radical prostatectomy versus external beam radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy for high-risk prostate cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Heesterman Berdine L. , Aben Katja K. H. , de Jong Igle Jan , Pos Floris J. , van der Hel Olga L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To summarize recent evidence in terms of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), functional and oncological outcomes following radical prostatectomy (RP) compared to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register and the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number registry on 29 march 2021. Comparative studies, published since 2016, that reported on treatment with RP versus dose-escalated EBRT and ADT for high-risk non-metastatic PCa were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to appraise quality and risk of bias. A qualitative synthesis was performed.

Results
Nineteen studies, all non-randomized, met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias assessment indicated low (n = 14) to moderate/high (n = 5) risk of bias. Only three studies reported functional outcomes and/or HRQoL using different measurement instruments and methods. A clinically meaningful difference in HRQoL was not observed. All studies reported oncological outcomes and survival was generally good (5-year survival rates > 90%). In the majority of studies, a statistically significant difference between both treatment groups was not observed, or only differences in biochemical recurrence-free survival were reported.

Conclusions
Evidence clearly demonstrating superiority in terms of oncological outcomes of either RP or EBRT combined with ADT is lacking. Studies reporting functional outcomes and HRQoL are very scarce and the magnitude of the effect of RP versus dose-escalated EBRT with ADT on HRQoL and functional outcomes remains largely unknown.