bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humangenetische Diagnostik bei hereditären Augenerkrankungen
Authors: Neuhann Teresa M. , Neuhann Lukas 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungHereditäre Augenerkrankungen können alle okulären Strukturen betreffen und mit strukturellen Auffälligkeiten (z. B. Kolobome) oder funktionellen Einschränkungen (z. B. Netzhautdystrophien) einhergehen. Zudem zeigen viele komplexe syndromale Krankheitsbilder als erstes Symptom eine Augenbeteiligung. Hereditäre Augenerkrankungen sind ausgesprochen heterogen, durch die modernen Hochdurchsatzsequenzierungen ist eine diagnostische Abklärung jedoch in der Routinediagnostik möglich. Dies ist nicht nur in der Differenzialdiagnostik, sondern auch zunehmend aufgrund individueller Therapieoptionen von hoher Relevanz.
Prevalence and determinants of loneliness among the oldest old living in institutionalized settings
Authors: Hajek André , Zwar Larissa , Gyasi Razak M. , Kretzler Benedikt , König Hans-Helmut 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
There is very limited knowledge regarding the prevalence and determinants of loneliness in oldest old residents of nursing or old age homes.

Objective
To examine the prevalence and determinants of loneliness among the oldest old living in institutionalized settings in Germany.

Material and methods
Data were taken from the representative survey on quality of life and subjective well-being of the very old in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW80+) including individuals ≥ 80 years living in North Rhine-Westphalia. The study focused on individuals living in institutionalized settings. Sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and health-related determinants were included in multiple linear regression models.

Results
Approximately 56.6% of the individuals were not lonely, 25.7% and 17.8% of the individuals were moderately and severely lonely, respectively. Regression analyses showed that higher loneliness was associated with being married (β = 0.48, p < 0.05), high education (compared to low education, β = 0.46, p < 0.05), having a small social network size (β = −0.02, p < 0.05), having poor self-rated health (β = −0.25, p < 0.05), and more depressive symptoms (β = 0.25, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
A significant proportion of the institutionalized oldest old individuals reported moderate or severe loneliness, which underpins the relevance of this topic. Understanding the determinants of loneliness may help to address institutionalized adults aged 80 years and over at risk of loneliness.
The use of geochemical methods to pinpoint the origin of ancient white marbles
Authors: Prochaska Walter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract“Multi-method-approach” has now been for many years the buzzword in marble provenance analysis. Nevertheless a true combination of the results of different analytical methods is rarely applied in the sense of the combined simultaneous use of a large number of analytically obtained numerical variables. It is demonstrated here that the combination of data from isotope analysis, chemical data, and data from the chemical analysis of inclusion fluids of an artefact and of course in combination with a corresponding database enhances substantially the accuracy of marble provenance analysis. It is explicitly pointed out that the unchallenged collection of data of the chemical composition of marbles from different sources (and different analytical procedures) most probably implies severe differences in their comparability. Exemplarily presented is the nearly perfect discrimination of the most important fine-grained marbles and furthermore the possibility of the intra-site discrimination of the three Carrara districts and the assignment of two portrait heads to the Carrara Torano quarries.
Correction to: On methodology and application of smoothed particle hydrodynamics in fluid, solid and biomechanic
Authors: Xu Fei , Wang Jiayi , Yang Yang , Wang Lu , Dai Zhen , Han Ruiqi 
Published: June 2023

The article “On methodology and application of smoothed particle hydrodynamics in fluid, solid and biomechanics” (DOI: 10.1007/s10409-022-22185-x), written by Fei Xu, Jiayi Wang, Yang Yang, Lu Wang, Zhen Dai and Ruiqi Han, was originally published Online first without open access. After publication in volume [39], Article number [722185], the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to ©The Authors 2023 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.The original article has been corrected.
Current state-of-the-art on ganglioside-mediated immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: van der Haar Àvila Irene , Windhouwer Britt , van Vliet Sandra J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGangliosides are sialylated glycolipids, mainly present at the cell surface membrane, involved in a variety of cellular signaling events. During malignant transformation, the composition of these glycosphingolipids is altered, leading to structural and functional changes, which are often negatively correlated to patient survival. Cancer cells have the ability to shed gangliosides into the tumor microenvironment, where they have a strong impact on anti-tumor immunity and promote tumor progression. Since most ganglioside species show prominent immunosuppressive activities, they might be considered checkpoint molecules released to counteract ongoing immunosurveillance. In this review, we highlight the current state-of-the-art on the ganglioside-mediated immunomodulation, specified for the different immune cells and individual gangliosides. In addition, we address the dual role that certain gangliosides play in the tumor microenvironment. Even though some ganglioside species have been more extensively studied than others, they are proven to contribute to the defense mechanisms of the tumor and should be regarded as promising therapeutic targets for inclusion in future immunotherapy regimens.
Microlearning through TikTok in Higher Education. An evaluation of uses and potentials
Authors: Conde-Caballero David , Castillo-Sarmiento Carlos A. , Ballesteros-Yánez Inmaculada , Rivero-Jiménez Borja , Mariano-Juárez Lorenzo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
While social media is evolving rapidly, understanding its underlying and persistent features with the potential to support high-quality learning would provide opportunities to enhance competence acquisition and collaborative work in higher education. Moreover, the adoption of tools that students already use in their everyday lives facilitates the integration of new forms of learning. In this context, we have developed an initiative to disseminate content through TikTok in three modules of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing course, with the aim of promoting quality learning through these microlearning environments. To this end, we have implemented these learning environments and evaluated the users’ perceptions, as well as their level of acceptance of the technology according to the Technology Acceptance Model. Overall, our results show high levels of satisfaction with regard to engagement and the content generated, as well as in terms of the acceptance of the technology. Our results do not show gender-specific variations, but we did detect slight variations depending on the subject in which the microlearning tool was deployed. Although for the most part these variations do not change the participants' assessment of their experience, it will be necessary in the future to determine the underlying reasons for these variations. In addition, our results suggest that it is possible to design a content creation system to promote quality learning through microlearning that can be transferred to other subjects, at least in the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing.
Temporal evolution of PM2.5, PM10, and total suspended particles (TSP) in the Ciuc basin (Transylvania) with specific microclimate condition from 2010 to 2019
Authors: Bodor Katalin , Szép Róbert , Keresztesi Ágnes , Bodor Zsolt 
Published: June 2023

AbstractModern societies are characterized by increased air pollution, and particulate matter (PM) is one of the most significant air pollutants and is a major environmental health problem. Therefore, long- and short-term exposure via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption of particulate matter may cause series health issues, such as cardio pulmonary and lung cancer disease. Air pollutants accumulation is significantly higher in closed regions or basins characterized by strong thermal inversions, especially during the cold period such in case of the Ciuc basin. The aim of this study was to carry out the time series analysis of PM2.5, PM10 and TSP in the Ciuc basin for the period 2010–2019, in order to decipher the main characteristics of air pollution in this region.The data obtained were analyzed on a daily, monthly and annual basis by different statistical methods. The average monthly concentration of TSP (60.03 µg m−3), PM10 (19.21 µg m−3) and PM2.5 (14.73 µg m−3) particulate matter in the studied regions varied between 29.84–134.79 µg m−3, 4.38–63.51 µg m−3 and 4.01–54.41 µg m−3, respectively. Regarding the ratio of PM2.5 and PM10 in the total particulate matter (TPM) was 0.25 and 0.33. Due to meteorological factors and emission fluctuations, particulate matter exhibits high seasonal variations, therefore the highest concentrations were recorded during the cold period, while the lowest values were observed in summer. The percentage of PM10 exceedances (50 µg m−3) represents 24.8% in winter, meanwhile in autumn and spring a significantly lower exceedances percentage was observed, 2.6% and 1.7%, respectively. The correlation analysis revealed that the correlation level of the studied pollutants varied between 0.73–0.78.
Potential benefit of microalgae and their interaction with bacteria to sustainable crop production
Authors: Solomon Wogene , Mutum Lamnganbi , Janda Tibor , Molnár Zoltán 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAgriculture is undergoing a paradigm shift as it moves away from relying only on agrochemicals toward natural-based product to enhance plant growth and productivity while sustainably maintaining soil quality and productivity. In this sense, microalgae and bacteria offer a unique potential due to the growing use of novel and eco-friendly products such as biofertilizers, biostimulants, and biopesticides. Microalgae improve crop growth and health by fixing nitrogen, releasing soil trace elements, solubilizing potassium, and phosphorus, producing exopolysaccharides, and converting organic matter into utilizable nutrients. They also release bioactive substances including, carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes, vitamins, and hormones, to promote plant growth, control pests, and mitigate plant stress responses. Even though it has long been known that microalgae produce various bioactive and signaling molecules (like phytohormones, polysaccharides, lipids, carotenoids, phycobilins, and amino acids) which are effective in crop production, the targeted applications of these molecules in plant science are still in the very early stages of development. Microalgae are beneficial to bacteria because they produce oxygen and extracellular chemicals, and bacteria, in turn, provide microalgae with carbon dioxide, vitamins, and other nutrients in exchange. This review discusses the possible role of microalgae in increasing crop yield, protecting crops, and maintaining soil fertility and stability, and it points out that interactions of microalgae and bacteria may have a better enhancement of crop production in a sustainable way than using either of them alone.
How best to incorporate conjunctive water management into international water law: legal amendment, instrument coupling, or new protocol adoption?
Authors: Ibrahim Imad Antoine , Lautze Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInternational water conventions—e.g., the1997 United Nations Convention on the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses—include positive but insufficient focus on groundwater and its interaction with surface water. As such, a growing body of literature has proposed modifications to existing frameworks to enable consideration to surface and groundwater and their interactions. While this literature places considerable focus on coupling and amending existing legal frameworks, elaboration and evaluation of a new protocol on conjunctive water management comprises a key gap. To fill this gap, this paper seeks to answer the following question: does formulation and adoption of anew“conjunctive” protocol provide more value than existing proposals centered around modifications toexistinglaw? This paper seeks to compare benefits associated with current proposals to strengthen the international legal framework for management of surface–groundwater interaction,vis-a-visadoption of a new protocol on conjunctive management of transboundary freshwaters. To do so, the authors use doctrinal legal methods to analyze the existing main instruments globally assessing the degree to which they consider key interlinkages between surface water and groundwater. Then, the paper examines the concept of conjunctive water management and deduces tenets that should be pursued in shared waters to achieve this objective. To identify the preferred option to support conjunctive water management in international water law, the paper explores the degree to which existing proposalsvsa new protocol enable an embrace of these tenets of conjunctive water management. The paper finds that while a new protocol may add greater value in advancing conjunctive water management, multiple options can and should be concurrently pursued. In particular, the authors argue that new protocols to the existing treaties must be adopted in combination with the amendment of the Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers. Benefits of doing so include more effective management of transboundary freshwater resources that are interconnected hydrologically, a less fragmented and more consistent international water regime, and ultimately more benefits accruing to the populations and environmental goods dependent on shared water resources.
Comparative analysis of signal accuracy of three SpO2 monitors during motion and low perfusion conditions
Authors: Giuliano Karen K , Bilkovski Robert N , Beard John , Lamminmäki Sakari 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo compare pulse oximetry performance during simulated conditions of motion and low perfusion in three commercially available devices: GE HealthCare CARESCAPE ONE TruSignal SpO2 Parameter, Masimo RADICAL-7 and Medtronic Nellcor PM1000N. After IRB approval, 28 healthy adult volunteers were randomly assigned to the motion group (N = 14) or low perfusion (N = 14) group. Pulse oximeters were placed on the test and control hands using random assignment of digits 2–5. Each subject served as their own control through the series of repeated pair-wise measurements. Reference co-oximetry oxyhemoglobin (SaO2) measurements from the radial artery were also obtained in the motion group. SpO2 readings were compared between the test and control hands in both groups and to SaO2 measurements in the motion group. Accuracy was assessed through testing of accuracy root-mean squared (ARMS) and mean bias. In the simulated motion test group the overall Accuracy Root Mean Square (ARMS) versus SaO2 was 1.88 (GE), 1.79 (Masimo) and 2.40 (Nellcor), with overall mean bias of − 0.21 (Masimo), 0.45 (GE), and 0.78 (Nellcor). In the motion hand, ARMS versus SaO2 was 2.45 (GE), 3.19 (Masimo) and 4.15 (Nellcor), with overall mean bias of − 0.75 (Masimo), − 0.01 (GE), and 0.04 (Nellcor). In the low perfusion test group, ARMS versus the control hand SpO2 for low PI was 3.24 (GE), 3.48 (Nellcor) and 4.76 (Masimo), with overall bias measurements of − 0.53 (Nellcor), 0.96 (GE) and 1.76 (Masimo). Experimental results for all tested devices met pulse oximetry regulatory and testing standards requirements. Overall, SpO2 device performance across the three devices in this study was similar under both motion and low perfusion conditions. SpO2 measurement accuracy degraded for all three devices during motion as compared to non-motion. Accuracy also degraded during normal to low, very low, or ultra low perfusion and was more pronounced compared to the changes observed during simulated motion. While some statistically significant differences in individual measurements were found, the clinical relevance of these differences requires further study.
Quantifying physiological stability in the general ward using continuous vital signs monitoring: the circadian kernel density estimator
Authors: Rasmussen Søren S. , Grønbæk Katja K. , Mølgaard Jesper , Haahr-Raunkjær Camilla , Meyhoff Christian S. , Aasvang Eske K. , Sørensen Helge B. D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTechnological advances seen in recent years have introduced the possibility of changing the way hospitalized patients are monitored by abolishing the traditional track-and-trigger systems and implementing continuous monitoring using wearable biosensors. However, this new monitoring paradigm raise demand for novel ways of analyzing the data streams in real time. The aim of this study was to design a stability index using kernel density estimation (KDE) fitted to observations of physiological stability incorporating the patients’ circadian rhythm. Continuous vital sign data was obtained from two observational studies with 491 postoperative patients and 200 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We defined physiological stability as the last 24 h prior to discharge. We evaluated the model against periods of eight hours prior to events defined either as severe adverse events (SAE) or as a total score in the early warning score (EWS) protocol of ≥ 6,  ≥ 8, or ≥ 10. The results found good discriminative properties between stable physiology and EWS-events (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC): 0.772–0.993), but lower for the SAEs (AUROC: 0.594–0.611). The time of early warning for the EWS events were 2.8–5.5 h and 2.5 h for the SAEs. The results showed that for severe deviations in the vital signs, the circadian KDE model can alert multiple hours prior to deviations being noticed by the staff. Furthermore, the model shows good generalizability to another cohort and could be a simple way of continuously assessing patient deterioration in the general ward.
Integrating seascape resistances and gene flow to produce area-based metrics of functional connectivity for marine conservation planning
Authors: Wilcox Mark A. , Jeffery Nicholas W. , DiBacco Claudio , Bradbury Ian R. , Lowen Ben , Wang Zeliang , Beiko Robert G. , Stanley Ryan R. E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Context
Prioritizing regions that facilitate connectivity among populations is an essential principle for conservation planning. However, the lack of conspicuous geographical and environmental features that constrain dispersal and gene flow throughout life history challenges the characterization of dispersal pathways within a three-dimensional marine realm.

Objectives
To elucidate regions of high connectivity value in the marine environment, we develop a novel approach that integrates estimates of spatial genetic structure with representation of regions of high dispersal potential for meroplankton, incorporating elements of pelagic larval and benthic adult life history.

Methods
Spatial patterns of connectivity were characterized using circuit theory as an inverse function oceanographic- and habitat-based resistance to movement. We integrate emergent spatial patterns of connectivity with population genetic data to account for realized patterns of gene flow across a seascape. We apply this approach to four broadly distributed species in the Northwest Atlantic.

Results
Estimates of resistance to gene flow revealed multiple connectivity barriers not observed in oceanographic or habitat models. Comparison of isolation-by-distance versus isolation-by-resistance revealed genetic variation was best explained by seascape resistance in three of four species, supporting the resistance-based assessments of connectivity. Our approach identified areas of high and low connectivity value for each species, with overlap generally associated with geographic pinch points and areas of low genetic exchange.

Conclusions
By integrating spatial interpolations of gene flow and estimated pathways for dispersal, we develop a novel area-based metric of connectivity that considers life-history based structural constraints to dispersal and observed genetic variation. Outputs from this workflow can reveal regions of connectivity for conservation planning.
Solving Geophysical Inversion Problems with Intractable Likelihoods: Linearized Gaussian Approximations Versus the Correlated Pseudo-marginal Method
Authors: Friedli Lea , Linde Niklas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA geophysical Bayesian inversion problem may target the posterior distribution of geological or hydrogeological parameters given geophysical data. To account for the scatter in the petrophysical relationship linking the target parameters to the geophysical properties, this study treats the intermediate geophysical properties as latent (unobservable) variables. To perform inversion in such a latent variable model, the intractable likelihood function of the (hydro)geological parameters given the geophysical data needs to be estimated. This can be achieved by approximation with a Gaussian probability density function based on local linearization of the geophysical forward operator, thereby, accounting for the noise in the petrophysical relationship by a corresponding addition to the data covariance matrix. The new approximate method is compared against the general correlated pseudo-marginal method, which estimates the likelihood by Monte Carlo averaging over samples of the latent variable. First, the performances of the two methods are tested on a synthetic test example, in which a multivariate Gaussian porosity field is inferred using crosshole ground-penetrating radar first-arrival travel times. For this example with rather small petrophysical uncertainty, the two methods provide near-identical estimates, while an inversion that ignores petrophysical uncertainty leads to biased estimates. The results of a sensitivity analysis are then used to suggest that the linearized Gaussian approach, while attractive due to its relative computational speed, suffers from a decreasing accuracy with increasing scatter in the petrophysical relationship. The computationally more expensive correlated pseudo-marginal method performs very well even for settings with high petrophysical uncertainty.