Abstract B111: Determinants of survival, survival time and recurrence after surgery among colon cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zemelak Awgichew Kifle , Teklewold Sara K , Gizaw Muluken K , Siefu Edom K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Abstract Background: Colon cancer is cancer of the large intestine that originates from the colonic epithelial cells that line the lumen of the intestine. It is the fourth most common and fatal cancer worldwide. Globally there were nearly 1.2 million incident cases and over half a million deaths from colon cancer in 2020. In Ethiopia colon cancer is the 5th leading cause of death. Lack of timely seeking of medical help and organized screening practice for early identification of diseases combined with lack of access to curative and palliative care has become reasons for the high burden of premature death in the country. Understanding the survival time and determinants of survival is crucial in developing effective strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates in this setting. Objectives:-To determine five year survival time and associated factors among colon cancer patients at Tikur Anibessa hospital, Addis Ababa, from January 1, 2013 up to December 31, 2018. Methods: Institutional based retrospective cohort study from 2013-2018 at Tikur Anibessa hospital using medical records and phone call confirmation. Data was collected on the socio demographic, survival time and determinant factors for colon cancer. Data was entered using Epi data and analyzed using SPSS version 27. To fit for the presence of covariate differences, a Kaplan Meier curve with a log rank test was employed, and a cox regression was fitted to identify predictors of survival time. Histological conformational date was used as date of diagnosis. The survival time was determined from the date of diagnosis until death occurred. Date of last contact was used for those date of death wasn’t ascertained. Result: The median age of study participants was 49.2± 17.32 years. Median survival time was 2.5 years (95% CI; 2.12, 2.91). The first, three and five year survival was 82.8%, 43.6% and 24.9% respectively. 54.1% of study participants were male and 22.5% of them were diagnosed at stage IV. Receiving treatment using both surgery and chemotherapy [AHR=0.45, 95% CI; 0.31, 0.67], absence of recurrence after surgery [AHR=0.16, 95% CI; 0.09, 0.27], number of lymph nodes removed &lt;12 [AHR=0.70 95%CI; 0.52, 0.94] and having Proctocolectomy surgery [AHR= 2.29, 95% CI; 1.25, 4.19] were predictors of survival time. Conclusion: Initiation of screening programs for early presentation, using combined treatment modalities and anticipation of recurrence through timely follow-up for the impediment of metastasis plays a key role in increasing the survival time of colon cancer patients.
Citation Format: Awgichew Kifle Zemelak, Sara K Teklewold, Muluken K Gizaw, Edom K Siefu. Determinants of survival, survival time and recurrence after surgery among colon cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Retrospective Cohort Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR IO Conference: Discovery and Innovation in Cancer Immunology: Revolutionizing Treatment through Immunotherapy; 2025 Feb 23-26; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2025;13(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B111.