bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell RNA sequencing captures patient‐level heterogeneity and associated molecular phenotypes in breast cancer pleural effusions
Authors: Whitfield Holly J. , Berthelet Jean , Mangiola Stefano , Bell Caroline , Anderson Robin L. , Pal Bhupinder , Yeo Belinda , Papenfuss Anthony T. , Merino Delphine , Davis Melissa J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are a common complication of advanced cancers, particularly those adjacent to the pleura, such as lung and breast cancer. The pathophysiology of MPE formation remains poorly understood, and although MPEs are routinely used for the diagnosis of breast cancer patients, their composition and biology are poorly understood. It is difficult to distinguish invading malignant cells from resident mesothelial cells and to identify the directionality of interactions between these populations in the pleura. There is a need to characterize the phenotypic diversity of breast cancer cell populations in the pleural microenvironment, and investigate how this varies across patients.MethodsHere, we used single‐cell RNA‐sequencing to study the heterogeneity of 10 MPEs from seven metastatic breast cancer patients, including three Miltenyi‐enriched samples using a negative selection approach. This dataset of almost 65 000 cells was analysed using integrative approaches to compare heterogeneous cell populations and phenotypes.ResultsWe identified substantial inter‐patient heterogeneity in the composition of cell types (including malignant, mesothelial and immune cell populations), in expression of subtype‐specific gene signatures and in copy number aberration patterns, that captured variability across breast cancer cell populations. Within individual MPEs, we distinguished mesothelial cell populations from malignant cells using key markers, the presence of breast cancer subtype expression patterns and copy number aberration patterns. We also identified pleural mesothelial cells expressing a cancer‐associated fibroblast‐like transcriptomic program that may support cancer growth.ConclusionsOur dataset presents the first unbiased assessment of breast cancer‐associated MPEs at a single cell resolution, providing the community with a valuable resource for the study of MPEs. Our work highlights the molecular and cellular diversity captured in MPEs and motivates the potential use of these clinically relevant biopsies in the development of targeted therapeutics for patients with advanced breast cancer.
Exploring the effect of prenatal maternal stress on the microbiomes of mothers and infants: A systematic review
Authors: Mepham Jennifer , Nelles‐McGee Taylor , Andrews Krysta , Gonzalez Andrea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrenatal maternal stress (PNMS)—characterized by exposure to stress, anxiety, depression, or intimate partner violence—has been linked to biological alterations in infants, including disruptions to their intestinal microbiota, which have long‐term implications for children's developmental outcomes. Significant research has been done examining the effects of PNMS on the microbiome in animals, but less is known about these effects in human research. The current systematic review aimed to synthesize current findings on the association between PNMS and mother and infant microbiomes. Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Eric databases were searched through to February 2022. A total of eight studies (n = 2219 infants, 2202 mothers) were included in the qualitative synthesis. Findings provided promising evidence of the role that PNMS plays in altering the microbial composition, diversity, and gut immunity in mothers and infants. Notably, majority of included studies found that higher PNMS was linked to increases in genera from the phylum Proteobacteria. The factors influencing these effects are explored including nutrition, birth mode, and parenting behaviors. Potential interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of PNMS are discussed, along with recommendations for future studies with longitudinal designs to better understand the appropriate type and timing of interventions needed to promote “healthy” maternal and infant microbial functioning.
Increased snow cover enhances gross primary productivity in cold and dry regions of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Hao , Xiao Pengfeng , Zhang Xueliang , Wu Youlv 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSnow cover is an important control element in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) ecosystem; however, the impact of snow cover changes on gross primary productivity (GPP) is largely unknown, particularly under complex geographical conditions. In this study, we investigated the impacts of snow cover changes on different seasonal GPP and their mechanisms in different geographical zones using multisource remote sensing data from 1982 to 2018. Snow cover significantly affected GPP by nearly 15% of the TP region, and snow cover days (SCDs) were the dominant snow cover indicators affecting GPP variations compared with snow water equivalent (SWE) and snow cover end date (SCED). In general, an increase in snow cover leads to a significant increase in GPP in regions with low precipitation and temperature, but limits the accumulation of GPP in humid and warm regions. Furthermore, from the humid to the arid zone, the “moisture effect” of snow cover (by altering soil moisture) plays an increasingly important role in regulating GPP variations with increasing drought levels. This study elucidates the importance of snow cover in regulating different seasonal GPP variations and significantly improves our insight into the response of vegetation carbon uptake to snow cover changes in the TP.
An Unexpected Synthesis of Crowded Triphenylenes
Authors: Wang Jameson , Izumi Elissa , Du Yuchen , Mague Joel T. , Pascal Robert A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn attempts to make octaphenyldibenzofuran (7) and octaphenyldibenzothiophene (8), 2,5‐dibromofuran (4) and 2,5‐dibromothiophene (5), respectively, were heated with tetracyclone (2) under forcing conditions, but only single addition products, such as 2‐bromo‐4,5,6,7‐tetraphenylbenzofuran (10) and 2‐bromo‐4,5,6,7‐tetraphenylbenzothiophene (12) were observed. However, when 2,5‐dibromothiophene‐1,1‐dioxide (6) was heated with tetracyclone, the chief product was 1,2,3,4,6,7,8‐heptaphenyltriphenylene (14). Similarly, when compound 6 was heated with acecyclone (15), the product was 11,18,20‐triphenyldiacenaphtho[a,h]triphenylene (16). Both 14 and 16 have been characterized by X‐ray crystallography. They are proposed to form from double Diels‐Alder addition products of the cyclopentadienones by extrusion of sulfur dioxide and rearrangement of the resulting radicals.
Metal‐Free Defluoroborylation of 3,3‐Difluoropropenes
Authors: Ferlet Rémy , Pucheault Mathieu , Chabaud Laurent , Paquin Jean‐François 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe defluorinative functionalization of allylic fluorides represents an attractive approach for the preparation of molecules containing a monofluoroalkene core. In that sense, introducing a “boryl nucleophile” is a powerful strategy to obtain polyvalent borylated intermediates as versatile synthetic precursors. To perform this reaction without the use of transition metals, the nucleophilic character of a diborane/fluoride system was exploited in a SN2′ type‐substitution reaction of gem‐difluoropropenes to install a pinacolborane group. The use of HMDS as a silylated additive is necessary to improve the reactivity. A direct oxidation of the intermediate boronates allowed the isolation of the corresponding β‐fluoroallyl alcohols in low to good yields (9–81 %). Other synthetic transformations of a (2‐fluoroallyl)boronate are also illustrated.
Sustainable device based on reduced graphene oxide and carbon black 3D printed for sensitive monitoring of paracetamol
Authors: Santos Oliveira Raylla , Pedrosa Lisboa Thalles , Burger Veríssimo de Oliveira Wallace , Cunha de Souza Cassiano , Auxiliadora Costa Matos Maria , Camargo Matos Renato 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe additive manufacturing technique through fused deposition modeling (FDM), popularly known as 3D printing, has become a powerful tool for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors, as it allows the development of different device models at a low cost. Thus, this work describes the use of a commercial conductive filament composed of carbon black (CB) dispersed on a polylactic acid (PLA) polymer matrix to construct a disposable electrode for monitoring paracetamol (PAR) in pharmaceutical formulations by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Additionally, the sensor was modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), evidencing the synergistic effect of carbon nanomaterials with anticipation of the oxidation peak, increase of the analytical response, and favoring of the oxidation‐reduction process on the electrochemical surface. The sensor was further characterized by microscopic and electrochemical techniques. The optimized method by DPV promoted a wide linear working range (10 to 300 μmol L−1), excellent detectability (72.5 nmol L−1), and adequate precision (RSD <3.6 %) and accuracy with recovery percentages of 96 and 102 % for doped samples. Furthermore, the sensor is free from interference with other substances in the pharmaceutical formulation matrices. Finally, the reliability of the results was statistically attested by comparison with those obtained by liquid chromatography. So, the proposed method is accurate for the monitoring of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations, highlighting the lower reagent consumption and interferences in the analytical process.
Comparison of green and synthetic silver nanoparticles in zein‐based edible films: Shelf‐life study of cold‐stored turkey breasts
Authors: Mohammed Ali Eesa Ammar , Bazargani‐Gilani Behnaz , Obaid Hasson Shaimaa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the effect of zein edible film containing silver nanoparticles produced by green tea leaf extract (Z‐gAgNPs) with zein film containing synthetic silver nanoparticles (Z‐AgNPs) on the shelf life of turkey breast during refrigerated storage. The produced silver nanoparticles were analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV–Vis spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). According to the obtained results, the green fabricated silver nanoparticles (gAgNPs) showed higher polydispersity index (PDI), stability, homogeneity, spherical shape without cavity, and lower size compared to the synthetic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The studied treatments were divided into four groups, including 1‐ control (C) (turkey breast meat without packaging), 2‐ Z (turkey breast meat packaged with zein film), 3‐ Z‐AgNPs (turkey breast meat packaged with zein film containing 0.5% (w/w) of AgNPs), and 4‐Z‐gAgNPs (turkey breast meat packaged with zein film containing 0.5% (w/w) of gAgNPs). The treatments were analyzed for 12 days with 3‐day intervals in refrigerator conditions. In general, the measurement of total viable count, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), and pH values showed that Z‐gAgNPs film significantly (p ≤ .05) delayed the spoilage of the studied samples until the end of the 12th day of storage and Z‐AgNPs, Z, and C treatments were in the next ranks, respectively. It is concluded that the biofabricated silver nanoparticles using green tea leaf extract have more appropriate physicochemical features and higher efficiency compared to the synthesized silver nanoparticles using chemical methods in zein edible films in improving the shelf life of the cold‐stored turkey breast meat and can be introduced as a promising alternative to the plastic packaging.
A global study on the abortion views and knowledge of trainee obstetrician‐gynecologists
Authors: Topcu Elif G. , Ramirez Atziri , Ubom Akaninyene E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the knowledge and views of trainee obstetrician‐gynecologists (ObGyn) on abortion.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of trainee ObGyn was conducted by the World Association of Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology. A study‐specific questionnaire designed using Google Forms® was utilized for the study. The questionnaire was distributed electronically to study participants, to gather information on their sociodemographic characteristics, opinions, knowledge, and training on abortion. Collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS, version 25.ResultsMost (140, 74.8%) trainee ObGyn reported that abortion was legal in their countries and most (171, 91.4%) supported the legalization of abortion. Eleven (5.9%) trainees who did not support the legalization of abortion cited religious concerns as their most common reason (5/11, 45.5%). Nearly three‐quarters (133, 71.1%) of the trainees would perform an abortion on request. Most of the trainees reported that abortion education was included in the medical school curricula (131, 70.1%) and the ObGyn residency training programs (155, 82.9%) in their countries. Notwithstanding, 36.4% (68) either did not know or did not correctly know the legal status of abortion in their countries.ConclusionThere is some disparity between ObGyn trainees' knowledge of safe abortion and their awareness of the legality of the same in their countries. There is a need for all countries to include abortion education in the curricula of medical schools and all ObGyn residency programs should offer abortion training to all residents. There is a need for increased advocacy for the legalization of abortion in countries where abortion remains criminalized.
On Stahl's conjectures about the region distributions of bouquets
Authors: Chen Yichao , Gao Zhicheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLet denote the graph with one vertex and loops, and be the number of embeddings of with regions in an orientable surface. Stahl conjectured that both the mode and the median of the sequence are within one unit of the harmonic number . In this paper we will confirm the conjecture about the median and disprove the conjecture about the mode. We will show that the mode of the sequence belongs to the set , and each of these three values can be attained by infinitely many .
On the number of edges of separated multigraphs
Authors: Fox Jacob , Pach János , Suk Andrew 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe prove that the number of edges of a multigraph with vertices is at most , provided that any two edges cross at most once, parallel edges are noncrossing, and the lens enclosed by every pair of parallel edges in contains at least one vertex. As a consequence, we prove the following extension of the Crossing Lemma of Ajtai, Chvátal, Newborn, Szemerédi, and Leighton, if has edges, in any drawing of with the above property, the number of crossings is . This answers a question of Kaufmann et al. and is tight up to the logarithmic factor.
Long‐and short‐term vegetation change and inferred climate dynamics and anthropogenic activity in the central Cerrado during the Holocene
Authors: Escobar‐Torrez Katerine , Ledru Marie‐Pierre , Cassino Raquel Franco , Bianchini Paula Ribeiro , Yokoyama Elder 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTA paleoecologic analysis of pollen, macrocharcoal and trace elements from a lacustrine sediment core located at Lake Feia, central Cerrado (Goiás State, Brazil), was used to evaluate the relationship between vegetation, fire and climate during the Holocene. The development of cerrado vegetation appears to have begun 6000 years ago, initially with the establishment of an open cerrado, followed from 4800 cal a bp by a change to a woody cerrado driven by an increase in summer insolation. The increases in precipitation levels in the central Cerrado during the last 5000 years are related to the increased influence of the Amazon in central Brazil, which has facilitated biomass burning and anthropogenic activities in the region of Lake Feia. Multi‐centennial‐scale changes in water level‐related and gallery forest pollen assemblages indicate three main dry episodes, at 3440–2760, 2700–1690 and 1330–1150 cal a bp, linked to regional shifts between northern and southern South American summer monsoon boundaries. The presence of low continuous fire activity does not appear to have affected vegetation recovery, whereas two intervals with increased fire activity, at ~3300 and ~1300 cal a bp, indicated a slower recovery.
Disentanglement and multi‐year survival of a free‐ranging California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) with an upper airway stoma secondary to fishing net entanglement
Authors: Whitmer Emily R. , Harris Jeffrey D. , Orr Anthony J. , Saunders Shelby B. , Johnson Shawn P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCalifornia sea lions (Zalophus californianus) are susceptible to entanglement in fishing gear and marine debris. Over time, entanglement material can become deeply embedded and disrupt underlying tissue layers, including skin, blubber, muscle, and regional structures. In the neck, chronic circumferential entanglement can result in airway laceration. We present a case study of an adult female California sea lion with an upper airway stoma secondary to chronic monofilament fishing net entanglement. The animal was disentangled in a remote field setting without access to surgical and rehabilitation facilities, and was released without additional treatment. Satellite telemetry data from the 5 months following disentanglement revealed movements comparable to those of other adult female California sea lions. Subsequent visual sightings ('resights') documented a minimum 2‐year survival following disentanglement.
Fe3Mo3N: Crystal Structure, High‐Temperature Behavior, and Catalytic Activity for Ammonia Decomposition
Authors: Hund Sophie , Gómez‐Cápiro Oscar , Dembélé Kassiogé , Berendts Stefan , Lunkenbein Thomas , Ruland Holger , Heppke Eva M. , Lerch Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFe3Mo3N was synthesized successfully via ammonolysis out of an oxidic precursor prepared by a modified Pechini route. Rietveld refinement using X‐ray powder data confirmed that the compound crystallizes in space group
with a lattice parameter of a=11.0777 Å. Group theoretical methods were applied to elucidate the relation between the crystal structure of Fe3Mo3N and that of the copper type. The high temperature behavior of Fe3Mo3N in ammonia gas was investigated by in situ powder X‐ray diffraction. In addition, the catalytic activity of our iron molybdenum nitride for ammonia decomposition was measured and compared to the activity of an industrial iron‐based catalyst. Both catalysts show similar performances.
Introduction: Indology and Aryanism: Knowledge of India in Nazi Germany—An Invitation for New Research
Authors: Epple Moritz , Framke Maria , Franco Eli , Junginger Horst , Roy Baijayanti 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe introduction to our special issue offers a brief survey of the historical literature on knowledge about India in Nazi Germany and distinguishes three different, but interrelated layers of such knowledge: disciplinary knowledge of Indology as an academic field, knowledge fulfilling the needs of state agencies, and popular knowledge (and beliefs) about India.
Exoscopic microneurosurgery in pediatric brain tumors: an ideal tool for complex and peculiar anatomo-topographic scenarios?
Authors: Trezza Andrea , de Laurentis Camilla , Carrabba Giorgio Giovanni , Massimino Maura , Biassoni Veronica , Doro Arianna , Vimercati Chiara , Giussani Carlo Giorgio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Since its introduction in the 1950s, the microsurgical paradigm has revolutionized neurosurgery. New technologies have been introduced over the years trying to overcome limits of the classical operating microscope. The recently developed 3D exoscopes represent a potential new paradigm for micro-neurosurgery. We analyzed our own experience with a 4 K-3D exoscope in a series of pediatric brain tumors to verify its advantages and limitations in comparison to the operating microscope and in light of the literature.

Methods
Twenty-five pediatric patients with brain tumors underwent surgery at our Institute; the population has been analyzed and described. A score to evaluate the exoscopes and compare it to the operating microscope was considered and postoperatively applied to each single case.

Results
The exoscope appears to be at least comparable to the operating microscope (OM) in all analyzed aspects. In the case of deep-seated or fourth ventricle tumors, the exoscope seems to be superior to the microscope. A surgeon-dependent learning curve is necessary for neurosurgeons to be confident with the exoscope.

Conclusion
Exoscopes appear to be as safe and effective as operating microscopes in pediatric neuro-oncological surgery. They have some advantages that make them superior to microscopes, particularly regarding surgeon ergonomics and fatigue, visual field qualities, and higher choice of intraoperative viewing angles.
The relationship between disease-specific psychosocial stressors and depressive symptoms in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Bilal Hiba , Harding Ian H. , Stout Julie C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease involving motor abnormalities, cognitive decline, and psychological difficulties. Depression is among the most common psychological difficulties in HD. People with HD encounter numerous stressors related to their diagnosis and the impact of HD on their daily lives. Understanding the relationship between HD-specific psychosocial stressors and depression symptoms is critical for optimising treatment and developing a holistic, disease-specific model of depression in HD.

Methods
Fifty-seven adults with the HD gene expansion (33 pre-symptomatic, 24 symptomatic) completed a self-report depression questionnaire and rated how much stress they experienced in relation to 20 psychosocial challenges commonly associated with HD. We examined associations between depression symptoms and each stressor individually, and after clustering using principal components analysis.

Results
Depression symptoms were significantly associated with most of the psychosocial stressors assessed. Clustering with principal components analysis revealed that higher depression scores had significant independent associations with greater stress related to the future implications of HD (β = .44, p = .001) and sleep and psychological difficulties (β = .28, p = .005), but not with stress related to functional limitations (β = .11, p = .33) or interpersonal issues caused by HD (β = .15, p = .21).

Conclusions
Stressful experiences associated with HD constitute an important risk factor for depression in HD. Our findings support the use of more psychologically informed models of depression in HD and necessitate further research on tailored psychosocial interventions for HD patients with depression.
On the continuum mechanics of growing plant-like structures
Authors: Platen Jakob , Fleischhauer Robert , Kaliske Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe contribution at hand focuses on the introduction of a novel approach to model biological growth. The proposed formulations are chosen to represent plant like structures. Therefore, thermomechanically open systems are considered. The balance laws are presented for such systems. Furthermore, the proposed formulations are coupled with an adaptive meshing framework. Therefore, a so-called structural generator is presented and utilized in this work. Since no growth formulations within the framework of continuum mechanics exist so far for plant like systems, a novel set of constitutive equations is shown. The newly described principles are the phototropism and graviotropism. In the numerical examples, it is shown that the proposed formulation yields physically meaningful results. The combination of different growth principles results in plausible interactions of the aforementioned principles. Furthermore, results of numerical simulations are shown, which represent the growth process of plant like biological structures.