bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional pausing induced by ionizing radiation enables the acquisition of radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Honglu , Fu Huanyi , Yu Chunhong , Zhang Na , Huang Canhua , Lv Lu , Hu Chunhong , Chen Fang , Xiao Zhiqiang , Zhang Zhuohua , Lu Huasong , Yuan Kai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Lesions on the DNA template can impact transcription via distinct regulatory pathways. Ionizing radiation (IR) as the mainstay modality for many malignancies elicits most of the cytotoxicity by inducing a variety of DNA damages in the genome. How the IR treatment alters the transcription cycle and whether it contributes to the development of radioresistance remain poorly understood. Here, we report an increase in the paused RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), as indicated by the phosphorylation at serine 5 residue of its C-terminal domain, in recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patient samples after IR treatment and cultured NPC cells developing IR resistance. Reducing the pool of paused RNAPII by either inhibiting TFIIH-associated CDK7 or stimulating the positive transcription elongation factor b, a CDK9–CycT1 heterodimer, attenuates IR resistance of NPC cells. Interestingly, the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of CycT1, which disrupts its phase separation, is elevated in the IR-resistant cells. Mutation of the major poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation sites of CycT1 decreases RNAPII pausing and restores IR sensitivity. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing analyses reveal that several genes involved in radiation response and cell cycle control are subject to the regulation imposed by the paused RNAPII. Particularly, we identify the NIMA-related kinase NEK7 under such regulation as a new radioresistance factor, whose downregulation results in the increased chromosome instability, enabling the development of IR resistance. Overall, our results highlight a novel link between the alteration in the transcription cycle and the acquisition of IR resistance, opening up new opportunities to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy and thwart radioresistance in NPC.
Constructions of Multiple Deservingness Frames towards Refugees in Everyday Work Life in İzmir
Authors: Siviş Selin , Yıldız Ayselin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the role of justification astrategies in the production and mobilization of multiple deservingness framings towards refugees in everyday work life. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Turkish employers in labour-intensive sectors in İzmir, the article presents a city-centred, evidence supported case which answers on the basis of which criteria Syrian refugee workers are deemed deserving and undeserving. It argues that the production of deservingness frames is not uniform and mutable across time and space, thereby actors can engage in different justification strategies in similar situations since the constitution and mobilization of deservingness frames are context-dependent. This study further argues that Turkish employers’ narratives towards Syrian refugee workers are shaped by not only economic interests but also unique features of historical and socio-cultural dynamics at the local level, resulting in three distinct deservingness frames: established deservingness, fragile deservingness, and established undeservingness.
The extremely X-ray luminous radio-loud quasar CFHQS J142952 + 544717 at z = 6.18 under Chandra high-angular resolution lens
Authors: Migliori G , Siemiginowska A , Sobolewska M , Cheung C C , Stawarz Ł , Schwartz D , Snios B , Saxena A , Kashyap V 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the first X-ray observation at sub-arcsecond resolution of the high-redshift (z = 6.18) radio-loud quasar CFHQS J142952 + 544717 (J1429). The ∼100 net-count 0.3–7 keV spectrum obtained from ∼30 ks Chandra exposure is best fit by a single power-law model with a photon index Γ = 2.0 ± 0.2 and no indication of an intrinsic absorber, implying a 3.6–72 keV rest-frame luminosity $L_{\rm X}=(2.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5})\times 10^{46}$ erg s−1. We identify a second X-ray source at 30″ distance from J1429 position, with a soft (Γ ≃ 2.8) and absorbed (equivalent hydrogen column density NH &lt; 13.4 × 1020 cm−2) spectrum, which likely contaminated J1429 spectra obtained in lower angular resolution observations. Based on the analysis of the Chandra image, the bulk of the X-ray luminosity is produced within the central ∼3 kpc region, either by the disc/corona system, or by a moderately aligned jet. In this context, we discuss the source properties in comparison with samples of low- and high-redshift quasars. We find indication of a possible excess of counts over the expectations for a point-like source in a 0.5″–1.5″ (∼3−8 kpc) annular region. The corresponding X-ray luminosity at J1429 redshift is 4 × 1045 erg s−1. If confirmed, this emission could be related to either a large-scale X-ray jet, or a separate X-ray source.
Modelling planet-induced gaps and rings in ALMA discs: the role of in-plane radiative diffusion
Authors: Ziampras Alexandros , Nelson Richard P , Rafikov Roman R 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
ALMA observations of protoplanetary discs in dust continuum emission reveal a variety of annular structures. Attributing the existence of such features to embedded planets is a popular scenario, supported by studies using hydrodynamical models. Recent work has shown that radiative cooling greatly influences the capability of planet-driven spiral density waves to transport angular momentum, ultimately deciding the number, position, and depth of rings and gaps that a planet can carve in a disc. However, radiation transport has only been treated via local thermal relaxation, not taking into account radiative diffusion along the disc plane. We compare the previous state-of-the-art models of planet–disc interaction with local cooling prescriptions to our new models that include cooling in the vertical direction and radiative diffusion in the plane of the disc, and show that the response of the disc to the induced spiral waves can differ significantly when comparing these two treatments of the disc thermodynamics. We follow up with synthetic emission maps of ALMA systems, and show that our new models reproduce the observations found in the literature better than models with local cooling. We conclude that appropriate treatment of radiation transport is key to constraining the parameter space when interpreting ALMA observations using the planet–disc interaction scenario.
A rare outburst from the stealthy BeXRB system Swift J0549.7−6812
Authors: Coe M J , Kennea J A , Monageng I M , Buckley D A H , Udalski A , Evans P A 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Swift J0549.7−6812 is a Be/X-ray binary system (BeXRB) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) exhibiting an ∼6 s pulse period. Like many such systems, the variable X-ray emission is believed to be driven by the underlying behaviour of the mass donor Be star. In this paper, we report on X-ray observations of the brightest known outburst from this system, which reached a luminosity of ∼8 × 1037 erg s−1. These observations are supported by contemporaneous optical photometric observations, the first reported optical spectrum, as well as several years of historical data from Optical Gravitational Lens Explorer (OGLE) and Gaia. The latter strongly suggest a binary period of 46.1 d. All the observational data indicate that Swift J0549.7−6812 is a system that spends the vast majority of its time in X-ray quiescence, or even switched off completely. This suggests that occasional observations may easily miss it, and many similar systems, and thereby underestimate the massive star evolution numbers for the LMC.
Evaluation of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Observation of Biologic Therapy risk score in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis starting first biologic disease–modifying antirheumatic drugs: A validation study using the Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatoid Arthritis cohort data
Authors: Higuchi Tomoaki , Tanaka Eiichi , Inoue Eisuke , Abe Mai , Saka Kumiko , Sugano Eri , Sugitani Naohiro , Higuchi Yoko , Ochiai Moeko , Yamaguchi Rei , Ikari Katsunori , Yamanaka Hisashi , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This article aims to examine the ability of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Observation of Biologic Therapy (RABBIT) risk score to predict the occurrence of serious infections in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), after initiating their first biologic disease–modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD).

Methods
We used data from the Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatoid Arthritis cohort from 2008 to 2020. Patients with RA who were started on their first bDMARDs were included. Those with missing data required to calculate the score were excluded. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the discriminatory ability of the RABBIT score.

Results
A total of 1081 patients were enrolled. During the 1-year observational period, 23 (1.7%) patients had serious infections; the most frequent one was bacterial pneumonia (n = 11, 44%). The median RABBIT score in the serious infection group was significantly higher than that in the non-serious infection group [2.3 (1.5–5.4) vs 1.6 (1.2–2.5), P &lt; .001]. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the occurrence of serious infections was 0.67 (95% confidence interval 0.52–0.79), suggesting that the score had low accuracy.

Conclusions
Our present study revealed that the RABBIT risk score did not have sufficient discriminatory ability for predicting the development of severe infections in Japanese patients with RA after initiating their first bDMARD.
A novel long noncoding RNA—lncRNA‐AABR07066529.3 alleviates inflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis by inhibiting MyD88 in lipopolysaccharide‐induced myocardial depression
Authors: Wen Ri , Zhang Tie‐Ning , Zhang Tao , Tong Yu‐Jing , Song Wen‐Liang , Liu Yong‐Ping , Yang Ni , Liu Chun‐Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSepsis‐induced myocardial depression (SIMD) is common in pediatric intensive care units and seriously threatens children's health. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been showed to play important roles in various diseases; however, its role in SIMD is unclear. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated rats and H9c2 cardiomyocytes to mimic SIMD in vivo and in vitro. We found that the expression of a novel lncRNA, we named lncRNA‐AABR07066529.3, was elevated in LPS‐induced rat heart tissue and H9c2 cardiomyocytes. In addition, LPS‐induced inflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis were significantly exacerbated after lncRNA‐AABR07066529.3 knockdown. Moreover, we found that myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) was upregulated in LPS‐treated groups and was inhibited by lncRNA‐AABR07066529.3. Besides, MyD88 knockdown abolished lncRNA‐AABR07066529.3 silencing effects on inflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis induced by LPS in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. In our study, we found lncRNA‐AABR07066529.3 exerted protective effects on LPS‐induced cardiomyocytes by regulating MyD88 and might serve as a potential treatment target for SIMD.
Serum cholesterol levels and the risk of brain natriuretic peptide–diagnosed heart failure in postmenopausal women: a population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Arafa Ahmed , Kashima Rena , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Teramoto Masayuki , Sakai Yukie , Nosaka Saya , Kawachi Haruna , Shimamoto Keiko , Matsumoto Chisa , Nakao Yoko M. , Gao Qi , Izumi Chisato 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
Hormonal changes during menopause can disturb serum cholesterol which is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the prospective association between serum cholesterol and heart failure (HF) risk in postmenopausal women.

Methods
We analyzed data from 1,307 Japanese women, aged 55 to 94 years. All women had no history of HF, and their baseline brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were less than 100 pg/mL. During the follow-ups conducted every 2 years, HF was diagnosed among women who developed BNP of 100 pg/mL or greater. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to calculate hazard ratios and 95% CI of HF for women per their baseline total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. The Cox regression models were adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol drinking, hypertension, diabetes, cardiac murmurs, arrhythmia, stroke or ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and lipid-lowering agent use.

Results
Within an 8-year median follow-up, 153 participants developed HF. In the multivariable-adjusted model, women with total cholesterol of 240 mg/dL or greater (compared with 160-199 mg/dL) and HDL-C of 100 mg/dL or greater (compared with 50-59 mg/dL) showed an increased risk of HF: hazard ratios (95% CI) = 1.70 (1.04-2.77) and 2.70 (1.10-6.64), respectively. The results remained significant after further adjusting for baseline BNP. No associations were observed with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Conclusions
Total cholesterol of 240 mg/dL or greater and HDL-C of 100 mg/dL or greater were positively associated with the risk of HF in postmenopausal Japanese women.
Better Work Ability Is Associated With Lower Levels of Both Occupational Stress and Occupational Physical Activity in Professional Drivers
Authors: Casagrande Cynthia Mara Zilli , Farias Jean Paulo , Meziat-Filho Ney , Nogueira Leandro Alberto Calazans , Ferreira Arthur Sá 
Published: July 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to investigate the association of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, work organization, and professional profile with work ability in professional drivers.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study with 449 drivers in Curitiba, Paraná (Brazil). Participants were assessed regarding their work ability (Work Ability Index [WAI]), sociodemographic, lifestyle (physical activity [Baecke’s questionnaire] and stress [Work Stress Scale]), work organization, and professional profile using self-completion instruments. The association of WAI with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, work organization, and professional profile was determined by multivariable ordinal logistic regression models.

Results
Lifestyle factors best explained the WAI variability. The WAI was inversely associated with stress and occupational physical activities but directly associated with leisure activities and locomotion and leisure-time physical exercise.

Conclusions
Our data also challenge the concept that sociodemographic information and ergonomics organization influence determining the work ability of this population.
Autologous blood transfusion reduces the requirement for peri-operative allogenic blood transfusion in patients undergoing major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lakha Adil S , Chadha Radhika , Von-Kier Stephen , Barbosa Antonio , Maher Keith , Pirkl Martin , Stoneham Mark , Silva Michael A , Soonawalla Zahir , Udupa Venkatesha , Reddy Srikanth , Gordon-Weeks Alex 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery is associated with a risk of major blood loss. We aimed to assess whether autologous transfusion of blood salvaged intra-operatively reduces the requirement for post-operative allogenic transfusion in this patient cohort.

Materials and methods:
In this single centre study, information from a prospective database of 501 patients undergoing major HPB resection (2015–2022) was analysed. Patients who received cell salvage (n=264) were compared with those who did not (n=237). Non-autologous (allogenic) transfusion was assessed from the time of surgery to 5 days post-surgery, and blood loss tolerance was calculated using the Lemmens-Bernstein-Brodosky formula. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with allogenic blood transfusion avoidance.

Results:
32% of lost blood volume was replaced through autologous transfusion in patients receiving cell salvage. Although the cell salvage group experienced significantly higher intra-operative blood loss compared with the non-cell salvage group (1360 ml vs 971 ml, P=0.0005), they received significantly less allogenic red blood cell units (1.5 vs. 0.92 units/patient, P=0.03). Correction of blood loss tolerance in patients who underwent cell salvage was independently associated with avoidance of allogenic transfusion (OR 0.05 (0.006–0.38) P=0.005). In a subgroup analysis, cell salvage use was associated with a significant reduction in 30-day mortality in patients undergoing major hepatectomy (6% vs. 1%, P=0.04).

Conclusion:
Cell salvage use was associated with a reduction in allogenic blood transfusion and a reduction in 30-day mortality in patients undergoing major hepatectomy. Prospective trials are warranted to understand whether the use of cell salvage should be routinely utilised for major hepatectomy.
Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sheds Light on the Distinct Pathophysiology of Various Types of Acute Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Kurata Natsuko , Kawashima Yoshiyuki , Ito Taku , Fujikawa Taro , Nishio Ayako , Honda Keiji , Kanai Yasuhisa , Terasaki Mariko , Endo Ikuyo , Tsutsumi Takeshi 
Published: July 2023

Objective
To compare the findings of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with advanced protocols in patients with various types of acute sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL).

Study Design
Retrospective case review.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
Two hundred eighty-seven patients with ASNHL

Interventions
All patients underwent MRI scanning, including heavily T2-weighted three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery before and 4 hours after the intravenous administration of gadolinium contrast medium (delayed 3D-FLAIR). A hybrid of the reversed image of the positive endolymph signal and the native image of the perilymph signal image was constructed to visualize the endolymphatic space.

Results
The detection rates of abnormal MRI findings vary significantly among different types of ASNHL. A hyperintense signal on delayed 3D-FLAIR was observed in all patients with intralabyrinthine schwannoma or vestibular schwannoma and 20.5% of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) but was rarely observed in definite Ménière's disease (MD, 2.6%). In contrast, endolymphatic hydrops (EH) was frequently observed in patients with definite MD (79.5%) but was observed much less frequently in patients with ISSNHL (11.0%). In patients with cochlear MD and ALHL, detection rates of cochlear EH were similar to those with definite MD, whereas detection rates of vestibular EH were significantly lower than in patients with definite MD.

Conclusions
The significantly different detection rates of abnormal MRI findings among various types of ASNHL shed light on the distinct pathophysiology of each disorder. A diagnosis based on MRI findings with advanced protocols may help select treatment strategies and provide prognostic information for patients.
Endolymphatic Hydrops on Magnetic Resonance Imaging May Be an Independent Finding on Aging in Neurotologic Patients
Authors: Maeda Yukihide , Kojima Katsuhide , Takao Soshi , Omichi Ryotaro , Kariya Shin , Ando Mizuo 
Published: July 2023

Objective
To clarify whether age impacts the development of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) in neurotologic patients. Documentation of ELH in living patients on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows analysis of patient age and formation of ELH, which is impossible by means of postmortem temporal bone pathology.

Study Design
Retrospective case review.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
Fifty patients (100 ears) with top 3 diagnoses of definite Menière's disease, delayed ELH, or probable Menière's disease.

Interventions
Endolymph MRI after intravenous gadolinium injection and pure-tone audiometry.

Main Outcome Measures
Cochlear and vestibular ELH confirmed by MRI.

Results
The prevalences of ears showing both cochlear and vestibular ELH were similar among age groups <30 years (30%), 30–59 years (25.9%), and ≥60 years (34.4%; p > 0.05; χ
2 test). Using logistic regression modeling, mean hearing level at the six frequencies was positively associated with a higher risk of cochlear ELH (odds ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–1.5 per 10-dB increment). In the same regression model, age did not impact the outcome of cochlear ELH (odds ratio, 1.0; 95%confidence interval, 0.7–1.4 per 10-year increment). Age did not differ among ears with no ELH (mean ± standard deviation age, 48.6 ± 14.4 yr), ears with only cochlear ELH (59.3 ± 10.7 yr), ears with only vestibular ELH (50.4 ± 16.9 yr), or ears with both cochlear and vestibular ELH (51.5 ± 18.4 yr; p > 0.05, analysis of variance).

Conclusion
Chronological age was not associated with the formation of ELH. Aging per se may not be associated with the development of ELH in neurotologic patients.
Matters of care and the good death – rhetoric or reality?
Authors: Collier Aileen , Chapman Michael 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of reviewThe notion of a ‘good death’ is central to hospice and palliative care philosophy. This review interrogates social imaginaries of the ‘good death’ in the context of current global, health and sociopolitical challenges.Recent findingsResearch literature and policy documents across fields continue to place emphasis on the ‘good death’. As part of the equity turn in palliative care, there is a growing body of work highlighting the diverse perspectives of people whose voices were heretofore not understood. Inequities are evident not only in terms of who has access to a ‘good death’ but also related to the effects of the dominant ‘good death’ script itself.SummaryThere is increasing evidence that pursuit of the ‘good death’ narrative may be counter to supporting people as they are living and dying. The authors instead argue for a research, policy and practice shift to ‘matters of care’.
Production and performance assessment of a SARS-CoV-2 biomimetic in a verification program for pandemic readiness
Authors: Machowski Edith Erika , Reyneke Anna Esther , Sher Dean Evan , Kana Bavesh Davandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa, one of many challenges included availability of control material proficiency testing programs. Control material utilising live SARS-CoV-2 or RNA extracted from cell culture was either biohazardous and costly, particularly in resource limited settings. Here, we report the development and application of a non-infectious SARS-CoV-2 biomimeticMycobacterium smegmatisstrain that mimics a positive result in the GeneXpert SARS-CoV-2 Xpert Xpress cartridge. Nucleotide sequences located in genes encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, the nucleocapsid and the envelope proteins were used. The resulting biomimetic was prepared as a Quality Control specimen and distributed to laboratories in South Africa for validation prior to testing of clinical specimens. Between April 2020 and December 2020, a total of 151 instruments were validated to bring Covid-19 mass testing online. These instruments capacitated the country to perform tests in 2532 modules. False negative or false positive findings reflected issues such as workflow/technician error or other related technical issues. This non-infectious, easily scalable control material became available within two months after the start of the pandemic in South Africa and represents a useful approach to consider for other diseases and future pandemics.