bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with malignant peritoneal cytology in early-stage non-endometrioid endometrial cancer
Authors: Tang Xinyue , Li Na , Hu Yuanjing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the influence of malignant peritoneal cytology (MPC) on the prognosis of early-stage patients with endometrial clear cell carcinoma(CCC) and serous carcinoma(SC), and the value of chemotherapy in their treatment.
Methods
A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted by querying the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program from 2010 to 2019. Women with early-stage CCC and SC with available peritoneal cytology results were enrolled. Propensity score matching(PSM) and propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance the measured covariates in each sub-cohort.
Results
A total of 3,616 eligible patients were included, and 368 patients had MPC (10.2%). Women with MPC were more likely to receive postoperative chemotherapy (OR 2.033;95%CI 1.589–2.602). In PSM model, MPC had worse overall survival(OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (All,p < 0.001). The 5-year OS rates were 56.5% for women with MPC and 74.4% for those with negative peritoneal cytology, and the 5-year CSS rates were 60.8% versus 80.0%(All, p < 0.0001). In the subgroup analyses, MPC was associated with decreased OS and CSS in serous, clear cell histology group, and stage IA cases(All,p < 0.001), but not for stage IB or stage II disease. In multivariate analysis, chemotherapy improved the prognosis of patients with MPC(OS:p = 0.005; CSS:p = 0.010). Additionally, in stage IA subgroup, chemotherapy improved survival outcomes in patients with MPC(OS:P = 0.025; CSS:P = 0.038), in NPC patients, however, chemotherapy was a good prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.001) but not for CSS(P = 0.300).
Conclusion
MPC was a prognostic factor for decreased survival in early-stage endometrial CCC and SC, and those with MPC could further benefit from chemotherapy.
Determinants of mental health of police officers: A pathway model
Authors: Ryu Gi Wook 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The police work environment is associated with traumatic experiences and a high risk of stress for officers. Additionally, a hierarchical organizational environment and shift work can lead to exposure to high stress and may affect their mental health. Police officers’ mental health issues can affect their ability to safely perform their duties and lead to increased medical care-related expenses of public health and police organization; hence, factors that influence their mental health must be examined. The aim of this study was to investigate the mental health levels of police officers, identify factors related to their mental health, and analyze the paths among these factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was used, and 357 police officers from a metropolitan area in South Korea were included. The selected research variables were mental health, resilience, social support, mental health resource availability, health behavior, job stress, and trauma experience, using the PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation) model. Four hypotheses were investigated regarding direct and indirect relationships among the variable. Descriptive statistics, multivariate regression, and path analyses were performed using STATA 17.0.
Results
The participant groups’ mental health level ranked as “high risk”, with an average of 19.93 out of 54 using tool which was psychosocial well-being index short form. Path analysis showed that the hypothesis based on PRECEDE model could be fitted with the current data (RMSEA = .183, GFI = .571, SRMR = .080. CFI = .571 and TLI = .010). It was also confirmed that there were partial direct and indirect relationships between the variables. In a direct effect, higher health behavior (coefficient = .24, p < .001) and lower job stress (coefficient = − .28, p < .001) were positively associated with mental health. Additionally, higher mental health resource availability (coefficient = .10, p = .025) and lower traumatic experience (coefficient = − .10, p < .001) were indirectly positively associated with mental health.
Conclusions
The findings of this study can be applied to the development of a health policy model for supporting the mental health of police officers and the establishment of mental health intervention strategies for this population.
China’s Methane Mitigation Potential: An Assessment of Costs and Uncertainties through 2060
Authors: Lin Jiang , Khanna Nina , Liu Xu , Wang Wenjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

China, the world’s largest methane emitter, is increasingly focused on methane mitigation in support of its climate goals, but gaps exist in the understanding of key methane sources as well as mitigation opportunities and their associated uncertainties. We use a bottom-up modeling approach with updated methane emission projections and abatement cost analysis to account for additional sources, uncertainties, and mitigation measures in China’s energy and agricultural sectors. Our results underscore the significant cost-effective potential for reducing methane emissions in China by 2030, with 660 MtCO2e possible with average abatement costs of US$6.40/tCO2e. Most of this potential exists in the energy sector, particularly coal mining, but greater potential will shift towards agriculture by 2060. Aquaculture and biochar applications in rice cultivation have net economic benefits but need greater support for deployment, while new mitigation measures will be needed for remaining emissions from enteric fermentation, rice cultivation, and wastewater.
The Climate Risks of Global China: Measuring Rising Heat and Flood Risk Along the Belt-and-Road Initiative
Authors: Liang Jiayong , Carrai Maria Adele , Malik Ammar A , Gao Xi , Gao Xuyan , Feng Lihan , Huang Kangning 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
China's global infrastructure financing flagship, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) encompasses countries hosting over 60% of the global population and one-third of worldwide GDP. It is based mainly on long-term loans that will mature decades into the future, and timely repayments are only possible if they remain commercially viable. But despite its vast global scope, little is known about the climate risks that could imperil the operations of BRI projects over the next few decades, and, consequently, threaten their long-term sustainability. We narrow this gap by estimating the impacts of future climate change on 217 BRI projects across 70 countries and 9 sectors on two dimensions. First, the effects of increased heat stress on human physical work capacity are calculated using the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and an assessment of the workload for each selected BRI project. Second, the potential structural damages from more frequent flooding incidents, measuring the occurrence probability with flood return period (RP), where a shorter RP signals heightened risk. Both have direct impacts on human productivity and infrastructural integrity, which are essential to maintaining the operational viability and financial stability of BRI projects. We compared projected changes on both measures for the mid- and late-twentieth centuries (2041–2060 and 2081–2100) to the historical baseline (1981–2010). We found that BRI projects face escalating vulnerability to climatic risks on both counts. The results underscore a broad variance across different future carbon emission scenarios measured under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (including SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5). BRI's aggregated climatic risks are substantially elevated under a high carbon emission scenario compared to a low emission scenario. By the late twentieth century, labor workability could experience a threefold increase in reduction for SSP3-7.0 (31%), compared to SSP1-2.6 (10%). Under an intermediate-emission scenario (SSP2-4.5), ten-year floods could occur every five years, significantly hampering the utilization and economic return generation potential of infrastructure projects. In addition, regional geography contributes to risk heterogeneity, with 100-year floods occurring every 15 years in South Asia and every 24 years in Sub-Saharan Africa. Such climate risk implications, potentially overlooked by development financiers, represent significant risks to the sustenance of the BRI, estimated to be worth $1 trillion.
Japanese Encephalitis in Swine in San Jose, Tarlac, Philippines
Authors: Malbas Fedelino F. , Saito-Obata Mariko , Sayama Yusuke , Salazar Nelia P. , Aure Wilfredo E. , Galang Hazel O. , Zuasula Cecille L. , Oshitani Hitoshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
A systematic review of multidisciplinary studies on Japanese encephalitis (JE) in the Philippines indicated that endemic foci may be found in all 17 administrative regions in the country. To establish the etiology of the disease virus isolation and seroprevalence surveys in 198 pigs were conducted in 2010–2011 in four barangays (villages) in the Municipality of San Jose, Tarlac. Prior to this present study Japanese encephalitis virus genotype III (JEV GIII) was recovered from the mosquito, Culex tritaeniorhynchus in the same municipality where backyard hog-raising and wet rice-cultivation were common practices among households located within one kilometer radius from paddies.
Results
JEV GIII was detected from serum and nasal swabs from pigs, 3–5 months old, from barangays Pao, Moriones and Villa Aglipay. IgM and IgG were measured by ELISA in pigs less than 4 to more than 8 months old, with an overall total of 17.2% and 62.1%, respectively. The presence of these antibodies in all pigs during four observation periods indicated year-round transmission starting with the rainy season which encompasses the months of July and September 2010. IgG increased correspondingly with age with repeated infections in older pigs. IgG prevalence rates remained high in all barangays. The proportions of positive households with any one of the markers: IgM, IgG, RT-PCR were above 80% or an average of 82.5% of households where all pigs were examined. This report contributes to knowledge on JE where incidence in humans may be linked to its epizootic spillover from pigs.
Conclusion
The study has shown that four barangays, representing a rice-farming community, supported the enzootic cycle of JE in swine, with mosquitoes previously found to be infected with JEV GIII, in San Jose. Thus, infected pigs, rainfall and proximity of human habitation to breeding sites of vector mosquitoes constituted the risk factors for JE as it were in other endemic countries in Asia. The finding of viral RNA in nasal swabs suggests the possibility of direct transmission among pigs via oronasal route. From the standpoint of public health JE immunization of children and periodic surveillance in swine are recommended.
The Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid in the Treatment of NASH by Lipomics
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Chunfang , Wang Yujie , Yang Yanmiao , Shi Jian , wang jiarou , Zhuang Hongli , Cheng Sijie , Wang Liuyi , Wang Tianxiang , Zheng Xiaoting , Liang Huiqing , Chen Shaodong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Chlorogenic acid is recognized for its potential hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant capabilities. However, the biochemical indicators and mechanistic foundations underpinning its lipid-reduction activity have not been fully explored. In an attemptto elucidate the lipid-lowering efficacy and corresponding biomarkers of chlorogenic acid, a combined approach of lipidomics and biochemical assessment was implemented in rats suffering from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Post-intervention with chlorogenic acid, NASH-affected rats demonstrated decreased weight gain, significant improvement in hepatocyticsteatosis, and reduced triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations. Hepatic lipomics analysis shows that these effects correlated with a reduced aggregation of hepatic lipids, including Cholesteryl esters (CE), Lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE), Phosphatidylcholines (PC), and Phosphatidylethanolamines (PE). Moreover, seven triacylglycerol (TAG) variants and three Diacylglyceryl trimethylhomoserines (DGTS) species were identified as potential biomarkers signaling chlorogenic acid's role in lipid reduction.
The Impact of Climate Change on Malaria Incidence in Bonaberi and Tombel Districts, Cameroon
Authors: fosah Sharlot , Mbouna Amelie D. , Achu Doroty Fosah , Djiondo Rinelle N. , Andre Andre Lenouo , Dikande Alain M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose Global warming and its impact on malaria incidence is a call for concern. Malaria a vector-borne disease is sensitive to weather and climate condition. Because of the increased concentration of human activities on wetlands, the lives of those living there are vulnerable to climate-related diseases including malaria.Methods This study examines malaria incidence and the impact of climate change on the population living in Bonaberi and Tombel. Parasite ratio Observed is obtained from the national malaria program as well as Precipitation data obtained from Famine Early Warning Systems Network. Temperature data is obtained from ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis data. Simulations are done using the VECTRI model. To study the observed parasite ratio(PR) and PR simulated in Tombel and Bonaberi and make projections of PR for the two areas using CORDEX projections data under two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5).Results Results show that both Tombel and Bonaberi had peaks of parasite ratio PR (0.8) for Tombel and a slight increase in Bonaberi to up to PR (0.9). Also, future projections reveal a fluctuating increase in the PR for the Bonaberi having a PR of (0.95) and Tombel having a peak PR of (0.9).Conclusion The results from this work are expected to guide community-based early-warning systems and adaptation strategies, future planning and implementation strategies in Bonaberi and Tombel, which will assist the national malaria program, in adapting to climate change.
Identify the influencing factors of economic toxicity status in patients with middle and advanced colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiaofang HE , Lin ZHANG , LI Qiuping , Ying CHEN , Fang WEN , Guangxu RAN 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study is to explore the status of financial toxicity (FT) in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and analyze the influencing factors, which will provide a basis for developing targeted intervention plans to reduce FT levels in advanced CRC patients.
Method
The convenience sampling method was used to select 264 patients with advanced CRC who were admitted to a tertiary A-level hospital in Guiyang City from January 2023 to April 2023. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire, the economic toxicity scale of cancer patients' reported outcomes, the medical coping style questionnaire, the Andersen Symptom Assessment Scale, the stigma scale, and the social support scale. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify the risk factors for FT.
Result
The FT score of patients with advanced CRC was 16.27 ± 5.84. In univariate analysis, we found that the FT score was significantly correlated with family monthly income, medical expense payment method, work status, and whether surgical treatment was received. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the level of shame, and severity of symptoms are the main influencing factors of patient FT (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The FT level of advanced CRC patients is relatively high. Clinical medical workers should develop a scientific and reasonable treatment plan based on the FT level and provide patients with positive psychological guidance to reduce FT levels and improve their quality of life.
The Brazilian Toxoplasma gondii strain BRI caused greater inflammation and impairment in anxiogenic behavior in mice, which was reverted by rosuvastatin treatment
Authors: Evangelista Fernanda Ferreira , Sant’Ana Priscilla de Laet , Ferreira Willian Costa , Ferreira Thaisa Andreia , Santos Milena Lopes dos , de Souza Amanda Hinobu , de Andrade Felipe Aparecido Lacerda , Silva Douglas Aparecido da , de Barros Luiz Daniel , Colli Cristiane Maria , de Melo Gessilda Ancântara Nogueira , Costa Idessania Nazareth , Falavigna-Guilherme Ana Lúcia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin treatment on anxiety-related behavior and short- and long-term memory impairment in mice infected with acute RH and BRI strains of Toxoplasma gondii. Balb/C mice were infected intraperitoneally and after two hours, oral treatment with rosuvastatin (40 mg/kg/day) was initiated for four days. Behaviors related to anxiety and locomotion were evaluated in the open field (OF), and short- and long-term memory through the novel object recognition test (NOR). At the end of the experiments, peritoneal fluid, brain, liver, and lung were collected for T. gondii DNA quantification and histopathological analysis. Infection with BRI strain reduced the dwell time and central locomotion in the OF (p < 0.05), indicating anxiogenic type behavior, while treatment with rosuvastatin reversed this response (p < 0.05). RH strain infection did not alter any behavior in the OF (p > 0.05) and both strains impaired short- and long-term memory (NOR test), but with no significant treatment effect (p > 0.05). The BRI strain was shown to be more damaging in relation to anxiogenic type behavior when compared to the RH strain (p < 0.05), whereas rosuvastatin reduced this damaging effect in BRI. The treatment reduced the parasite load in the peritoneal lavage, liver, and lung of animals infected with both acute strains, however, it significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the inflammatory process only in BRI-infected and treated animals, showing that non-archetypal genotypes are more damaging in rodents. This suggests that rosuvastatin may be a drug with great therapeutic potential against T. gondii mainly to reduce damage from virulent strains.
Mortality prediction of hospitalised type 2 diabetic foot ulcers using Wagner classification in Kaifeng, China: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Huan , Lv Yu-Quan , Zhou Yue-Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To summarize the clinical characteristics of inpatients with type 2 diabetic foot ulcers (T2DFU) in a grade 3A hospital in China and observe the prediction effects of Wagner grades for the premature death.
Methods
309 Han Chinese inpatients who were diagnosed as T2DFU between September 2009 and November 2019 in a grade 3A hospital in Kaifeng, China. The patients were divided into six subgroups according to Wagner classification. The sociodemographic variables, clinical variables and mortality rate among the six subgroups were compared. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were conducted to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the six Wagner grade subgroups.
Results
Of the 309 patients,in comparison with Wagner grade 0, grade 4 and grade 5 showed a significantly higher cumulative mortality, respectively. In the unadjusted regression model of Wagner grades, the HR [95% CI] for Grade 1 ~ 5 subgroups were 0.86 [0.46–1.61], 0.97 [0.54–1.74], 1.42 [0.78–2.58], 2.20 [1.29–3.75], and 5.39 [2.77–10.51] with grade 0 subgroup as reference (P < 0.001); In a multiple regression model adjusted with age, cardiovascular diseases, peripheral neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy, the HR [95% CI] for Grade 1 ~ 5 subgroups were 0.95 [0.51–1.77], 1.04 [0.57–1.89], 1.56 [0.86–2.86], 2.27 [1.33–3.89], and 6.39 [3.24–12.61] with grade 0 subgroup as reference (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Mortality rate of T2DFU patients increased with Wagner grades, mainly from grade 4 through grade 5 in comparison with grade zero in the present study.
Beam walking as a new measure of dynamic balance to predict falls
Authors: Hortobágyi Tibor , Vetrovsky Tomas , Uematsu Azusa , Sanders Lianne , Costa Andréia Abud da Silva , Batistela Rosangela Alice , Moraes Renato , Granacher Urs , Szabó-Kóra Szilvia , Csutorás Bence , Széphelyi Klaudia , Tollár József 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Beam walking is a functional test to estimate dynamic balance. We characterized dynamic balance measured by the distance walked on beams of different widths in individuals with and without neurological conditions and determined if beam walking distance predicted prospective falls over 12 months.
Methods
Individuals with (n = 97) and without neurological conditions (n = 99, healthy, age 20–60) participated in this prospective longitudinal study. Falls analyses over 12-months were conducted. The summed distance walked under single and dual-task conditions on three beams (4, 8, and 12-cm wide) was used in the analyses. Additional functional tests comprised grip strength and the Short Physical Performance Battery.
Results
Beam walking distance was unaffected on the 12-cm-wide beam in the healthy individuals. The distance walked on the 8-cm-wide beam decreased by 0.34m already in the 20-year-old group. This reduction was ~ 3x greater, 1.1m, in the 60-year-old group. In patients, beam walking distances decreased sharply by 0.8m on the 8 vs. 12cm beam and by additional 1.6m on the 4 vs. 8cm beam. Beam walking distance under single and dual-task conditions was linearly but weakly associated with age. Age, disease, and beam width affected distance walked on the beam. Beam walking distance predicted future falls. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, walking ~ 8.0 of the 12m maximum on low-lying beams predicted future fallers with reasonable accuracy.
Conclusion
Balance beam walking is a new but worthwhile measure of dynamic balance to predict falls in older adults and patients with neurological conditions. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03532984
Categorical Distributions of Maximum Entropy under Marginal Constraints
Authors: Loukas Orestis , Chung Ho Ryun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The estimation of categorical distributions under marginal constraints summarizing some sample from a population in the most-generalizable way is key for many machine-learning and data-driven approaches. We provide a parameter-agnostic theoretical framework that enables this task ensuring (i) that a categorical distributionof Maximum Entropy under marginal constraints always exists and (ii) that it is unique. The procedure of iterative proportional fitting (IPF) naturally estimates that distribution from any consistent set of marginal constraints directly in the space of probabilities, thus deductively identifying a least-biased characterization of the population. The theoretical framework together with IPF leads to a holistic workflow that enables modeling any class of categorical distributions solely using the phenomenological information provided.