bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Floating the Flap: Suspension of Soft Tissue Free Flap Over External Fixation–Guided Bone Transport
Authors: Aysola Varun , Prince Daniel E. , Healey John H. , Singer Samuel , Mehrara Babak J. 
Published: January 2025

Case:
Wide resection of a synovial sarcoma of the anteromedial distal leg involving the dimetaphyseal tibia and posterior tibial tendon produced an 8.5-cm osseous defect. To keep the free flap from invaginating into the defect and prevent kinking of the anastomosis, six 1.5-mm Ilizarov wires (held in place by the external fixator) were placed under the flap to suspend it over the defect. No problems resulted with the vascularity or healing of the flap or with consolidation of the defect.

Conclusion:
Suspending the flap over the defect with Ilizarov wires can prevent tissue invagination while avoiding need for additional procedures.
Agricultural Water Price Sharing
Authors: huang yulin , Luo Canxia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Quantitative research on the scale of agricultural water price sharing can enrich the theoretical research system of agricultural water price, which is highly important for guaranteeing the benign operation of irrigation areas and promoting the high-quality sustainable development of agriculture. This paper takes Xianyang city as the research area, analyzes agricultural irrigation benefits from the perspective of agricultural irrigation water utilization, defines the main body of agricultural water price sharing, constructs a value accounting model of agricultural irrigation benefits via the value quantity assessment method, explores the quantitative method of agricultural water price sharing on the basis of this method, and establishes an agricultural water price sharing model. The model is applied to Baoji Gorge Irrigation District in Xianyang city, and combined with the current agricultural water price in the irrigation district, the agricultural water price shared by farmers growing different crops in the irrigation district and the governments at all levels is obtained. The results show that the sharing coefficient of farmers who plant grain and oil crops is 0.24, the sharing price of water is 0.314 yuan/m³, the sharing coefficient of farmers who cultivate cash crops is 0.41, and the sharing price of water is 0.535 yuan/m³; the central government's sharing coefficient is 0.09, the sharing price of water is 0.116 yuan/m³, the sharing coefficient of the local government is 0.26, and the sharing price of water is 0.347 yuan/m³. The results of this study can be combined with the actual situation to provide a scientific basis for the rational development of agricultural water prices in the study area and promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices in the study area.
Investigating the protective mechanism of Astragalus membranaceous (Fisch.) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: A metabolomics and network pharmacology approach
Authors: Liang Ruimin , Chen Yue , Zhang Ruizhen , Wang Kai , Shu Yan , Qiao Yi , Song Fahuan , Cao Jinyi , Yang Zhifu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Astragalus membranaceous (Fisch.) has a rich history as a traditional medicine in various Asian countries, showcasing a notable neuroprotective effect. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms warrant further investigation. This study employs metabolomics and network pharmacological analysis to elucidate the protective effects of Radix Astragali (Huangqi, HQ) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) in rats. The investigation aims to reveal the potential protective mechanisms of HQ in CI/RI rats. Plasma metabolomics analysis, utilizing multivariate statistical methods, highlights biomarkers and associated metabolic pathways. The integrated approach of network pharmacology comprehensively analyzes HQ’s effective components, therapeutic targets, and amino acid metabolites. Pharmacodynamic experiments demonstrate a significant cerebral protective effect in the HQ group compared to the model group (p < 0.05). Metabolomics results indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) in L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, L-ornithine hydrochloride, L-valine, and L-phenylalanine in the model group compared to the sham operation group, indicating plasma metabolic disorders in CI/RI rats. Network pharmacology analysis identifies quercetin, kaempferol, and astragaloside IV components within HQ that may act on IL6, TNF, and IL-1B targets, influencing five different amino acids to exert brain protection. This study provides valuable insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of HQ in the context of CI/RI.
Improved DV-HOP Localization Algorithm Based on Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Yang Siqi , Wang Xiaohua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

DV-HOP is a widely used localization algorithm, commonly applied in areas such as node localization in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and navigation for mobile robots. However, the DV-HOP algorithm faces challenges in practical applications, including cumulative hop count errors between nodes, inaccuracies in estimated hop distances, and computational bias introduced by the least squares method when dealing with nonlinear problems. To address these issues, this paper proposes an improved DV-HOP localization algorithm based on Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). By incorporating dual communication radii, weighted hop distance correction, and an improved Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm (IGWO), the proposed approach enhances the localization accuracy of nodes in WSN. First, the dual communication radii strategy is utilized to refine the hop count between nodes, improving the accuracy of hop estimations. Second, a hop adjustment factor is introduced to further correct the minimum hop count between anchor nodes, resulting in more precise average hop distances. Weighted optimization of estimated hop distances from unknown nodes to anchor nodes is achieved using the minimum mean square error criterion. Finally, the improved Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm replaces the least squares method for solving the coordinates of unknown nodes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed improved DV-HOP algorithm consistently achieves lower localization errors under various experimental conditions. Compared with other methods, it provides higher localization accuracy, verifying its effectiveness and advantages.
Olfactory responses of sex pheromone receptors in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to inter- and intra-specific sex pheromone
Authors: Zhang Yueying , Li Jiaying , Xiao Yansong , Zeng Weiai , Teng Kai , Chen Mengdan , Du Caroline , Liu Tianbo , Wu Shaolong , Du Yongjun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Spodoptera litura is an important crop pest while sex pheromone trapping has been used as a tool for S. litura population monitoring. The objective of this study was to detect olfactory responses of sex pheromone receptors in S. litura to inter- and intra- specific sex pheromone. We identified three pheromone odorant receptors (ORs) --- SlituOR13, SlituOR6 and SlituOR16. SlituOR6 had the strongest response to the minor sex pheromone component E11-14:Ac of S. litura, and weak responses to the inter-specific sex pheromone components 16:Ac and Z9-14:Ac. SlituOR13 had a strong response to the minor sex pheromone component E11-14:Ac of S. litura, and a weak response to the minor component Z9-14:Ac. SlituOR16 responded strongly to the sex pheromone component Z9-14:OH of S. exigua, had some responses to the intra-specific sex pheromone component Z9-14:Ac, Z9E11-14:Ac and Z9E12-14:Ac of S. litura, and the inter-specific sex pheromone component Z7-12:Ac of Agrotis ipsilon, but a weak response to the minor component E11-14:Ac of S. litura. Field data from sex pheromone trapping supported that Z9-14:OH and Z7-12:Ac inhibited the olfactory response of male S. litura to sex pheromones.
Implementation of a machine learning approach to predict streamflows in watersheds: a case study of the Leaf River catchment
Authors: Rostampour Javad , Mollazadeh Mahdi , Pourreza-Bilondi Mohsen , Sahranavard Hamed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Accurate prediction of streamflows is crucial for managing water resources. Machine learning approaches have gained popularity for their ability to handle noisy and non-linear data and develop models that are capable of detecting relationships from the data they are provided with. This study was conducted to compare the performance of three machine learning algorithms (including extreme learning machine (ELM), random forest (RF), and gene expression programming (GEP)) and their hybrid versions in predicting the monthly streamflow of the Leaf River catchment. The models were tested with three scenarios and the most accurate scenario has been selected for the implementation of hybrid models. Results of all the models have been examined with a new evaluation index called general index (GI), which is calculated based on the three error statistical indices. Finally, the GEP model outperformed the other models, all the scenarios with GI = 11.268 in the M3 scenario and later, the ELM algorithm presented the best performance with GI = 12.811 in the M2 scenario, while the RF model had the worst overall performance. Regarding the hybrid models, using the EMD and principal components analysis (PCA) methods decreased the precisions of the models with the GI values fluctuating around 35.
Assessing the Impact of a Virtual Reality Cognitive Intervention on Tennis Performance in Junior Tennis Players: Pilot Study
Authors: Anguera Joaquin A , Choudhry Aleem , Seaman Michael , Fedele Dominick 
Published: January 2025

Background
There is evidence that cognitive training interventions can positively impact executive functions, and that some studies have demonstrated that athletes typically exhibit greater accuracy and faster response times on select cognitive tasks. While the engagement of executive functions is suggested to be part of high-level sporting activities, it is unclear whether such training approaches could directly benefit athletic performance.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a combined virtual reality (VR)– and tablet-based cognitive training intervention on adolescent tennis players’ performance. Here, we examined differences in Universal Tennis Rating (UTR) between players who supplemented their regular tennis training with a cognitive training intervention and a group that continued regular tennis training alone. This custom cognitive training program targeted specific cognitive control abilities including attention, working memory, and goal management.

Methods
Data were collected from a cohort of tennis players in a randomized controlled trial design led by the dedicated research team. Participants (N=23, age: mean 14.8, SD 2.4 years) from the Czech Lawn Tenis Klub (Prague, Czech Republic) were invited to participate in this study. These individuals were randomized into an intervention + training-as-usual group (n=13) or training-as-usual group (control group; n=10), with the change in UTR score being the primary metric of interest.

Results
There was no difference in UTR between the 2 groups at baseline (intervention: mean 8.32, SD 2.7; control: mean 7.60, SD 2.3). Following the treatment period, individuals in the intervention group showed a significant improvement in their UTR (an increase of 0.5; t12=4.88, P<.001) unlike the control group (an increase of 0.02; t9=1.77, P=.12). On comparing the change in UTR (posttraining UTR minus pretraining UTR) attained by each group, we found that the intervention group had a 38% greater improvement in UTR than the control group. An analysis of covariance revealed a significantly greater improvement in UTR for the intervention group than for the control group (F1,20=8.82, P=.008).

Conclusions
The present findings suggest that training cognitive abilities through an immersive visual platform may benefit athletic performance, including tennis. Such a result warrants careful consideration, given the known difficulties in evidencing far transfer not only in cognitive studies but also in athletic activities. These preliminary pilot findings suggest that the Mastermind Cognitive Training program may be a viable tool for supplementing athletic training practices, although this result warrants further investigation and replication. However, many questions remain unanswered, and further work is needed to better understand the potential utility and mechanisms underlying potential effects of such a platform.
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Neck Circumference and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: AYDIN Mehmet Kasım , BAHÇECI Mitat 
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aimed to estimate the correlation between body mass index, waist circumference and neck circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adult men and women with no history of any disease or chronic drug intake from Diyarbakır and Dicle University medical faculties.
Materials and methods: The study included 199 subjects, 113 males (mean age 36.5 ± 11.3 years) and 86 females (mean age 33.8 ± 11.7 years) aged between 20 and 73 years. Age, height, weight, blood pressure, pulse rate, anthropometric methods; waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC), blood glucose and insulin levels were determined. Insulin resistance was evaluated with the Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) formula. Total-cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol levels were measured. Pearson correlation and independent t-test were applied to the obtained study parameters.
Results: 47.7% of women were obese, 1.2% were morbidly obese and 59.3% of men were obese. Waist circumference correlated with systolic blood pressure (r=0.426, p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.414, p<0.001), total cholesterol (r=0.450, p<0.001), triglycerides (r=0.556, p<0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (i=0.486, p<0.001), and a negative correlation was found between waist circumference and HDL-cholesterol (r=0.261, p<0.001). In women, the relationship between BMI and HOMA-IR (r-0.415, p<0.001) was stronger than the relationship between waist circumference and HOMA-IR (r=0.333, p=0.02). In men, we found a positive correlation between waist circumference and HOMA-IR (r=0.271, p=0.04). In men, we found no correlation between BMI and HOMA-IR. Neck circumference was correlated with waist circumference (i=0.732), total cholesterol (r=0.534), triglycerides (r=0.365), LDL cholesterol (i=0.406), BMI (r=0.568), systolic blood pressure (r=0.200), diastolic blood pressure (r=0. 290), and glucose (r=0.280) (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Waist circumference was more tightly correlated with metabolic parameters. Waist circumference may better reflect the risk of cardiovascular disease than BMI. Neck circumference measurement, a new obesity indicator, can also be used as an obesity assessment method.
Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index, waist circumference, neck circumference
Quarta revolução industrial: um novo marco para as análises do mundo do trabalho
Authors: Roberto Coelho do Carmo  , Edvânia Ângela de Souza  , Mariana Costa Carvalho  
Published: January 2025

Este volume 35 da Revista Oikos: Família e Sociedade em debate objetiva aquecer o debate crítico sobre a atualidade do capitalismo no cenário de mudanças e avanços das forças produtivas, bem como as transformações em curso no Estado, na sociedade e na cultura em contexto da Quarta Revolução Industrial.As discussões que se apresentam aqui orbitam o debate da luta de classes e consciência de classe no capitalismo financeirizado mediado por novas tecnologias; do processo de acumulação capitalista. Estudos teóricos de importância fundamental para organização e debate sobre as formas de resistência da classe trabalhadora e de orientação para a formação profissional crítica e antenada com as mudanças do mundo do trabalho.Apresenta-se também uma potente análise conjuntural com um balanço no Brasil e no Chile do processo de implementação de novas tecnologias no trabalho no período de 2015 a 2020. A particularidade da plataformização do trabalho e da Seguridade Social e a atualidade dos racismos face à implementação das novas tecnologias. Temas candentes que ganham espaço de interlocução. Confiram.
Vision restoration therapy (VRT) efficacy as assessed by	comparative perimetric analysis and subjective questionnaires
Authors: Sabel Bernhard A. , Kenkel Sigrid , Kasten Erich 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: We wished to evaluate the efficacy of vision restoration therapy (VRT) in patients with post-chiasmatic brain damage using different functional perimetric tests. These were compared with measures of subjective vision and reaction time. Methods: An open trial was conducted with hemianopia/scotoma (n = 16) patients. Before and after 6 months of VRT results of high resolution (HRP) and Tuebingen automated perimetry (TAP) were evaluated and compared to performance in a Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) as previously reported. Whereas TAP and HRP used above-threshold or near-threshold individual target stimuli on grey background, the SLO used a psychophysical task of detection of three black targets (reverse stimulus) on bright red, patterned background. Subjective testimonials of activities of daily living (ADL) were probed with questionnaires and interviews. Results: Before VRT, the visual field border as assessed by SLO was located significantly closer to the vertical midline than the HRP and TAP border (border mismatch). After VRT the SLO border was still unchanged whereas HRP measurements revealed significant border shifts due to improved stimulus detection (p < 0.0001) and improved reaction time (p < 0.005) . Fewer misses were also observed in both eyes with TAP (p < 0.01) which was primarily due to a significant shift of the absolute borders. Thus, VRT potentiated the mismatch between the SLO borders and the HRP/TAP borders. Fixation performance and the blind spot position remained unchanged after VRT. ADL ratings in the questionnaire improved significantly after VRT which was confirmed by independent patient testimonials. Conclusions: We replicated earlier findings that VRT improves stimulus detection in HRP and TAP perimetry which were accompanied by subjective, visual improvements. These changes are not caused by fixation or eye movement artifacts. Because the SLO border was located significantly closer to the vertical midline before VRT ("border mismatch") and, in contrast to HRP and TAP, did not change after VRT, we interpret this border mismatch to indicate that the SLO task was too difficult to perform and thus insensitive to VRT effects. Significant reaction time improvements indicate that plasticity of temporal processing might play an important role in vision restoration after brain damage. A further description of the precise psychophysical nature of the restored areas of residual vision is now warranted.
Multifactorial predictors and outcome variables of vision	restoration training in patients with post-geniculate visual field loss
Authors: Poggel Dorothe A. , Mueller Iris , Kasten Erich , Sabel Bernhard A. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Systematic stimulation of the visual field border in patients with visual field loss after cerebral lesions improves visual function even years after the onset of partial blindness. However, computer-based training programs like Vision Restoration Training (VRT) are not equally effective in all patients. We therefore tested which factors determine training outcome and which visual and cognitive functions are changed by VRT. Methods: Multiple outcome measures were predicted using a multifactorial regression approach. Nineteen patients with post-geniculate visual system lesions performed six months of VRT and underwent extensive testing before and after treatment, including visual field measurements, attention functions, and subjective parameters. Results: Visual field size increased significantly during training, but a number of cognitive, especially attentional, variables also improved, as did subjective visual function. The size of areas of residual vision was the strongest predictor variable for visual field increase. Demographic and lesion-related variables had little influence on training success. Conclusions: With multivariate regression models, training outcome on different variables can be accurately predicted. Moreover, visual field increase is sufficiently predictable based on a set of variables readily available to the clinician: age of the patient, time since lesion, number of absolute perimetric defects, eccentricity of the visual field border, size of areas of residual vision, and average reaction time to perimetric stimuli.
MTRAG: A Multi-Turn Conversational Benchmark for Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems
Authors: Katsis Yannis , Rosenthal Sara , Fadnis Kshitij , Gunasekara Chulaka , Lee Young-Suk , Popa Lucian , Shah Vraj , Zhu Huaiyu , Contractor Danish , Danilevsky Marina 
Published: January 2025

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has recently become a very popular task for Large Language Models (LLMs). Evaluating them on _multi-turn_ RAG conversations, where the system is asked to generate a response to a question in the context of a preceding conversation is an important and often overlooked task with several additional challenges. We present mtRAG: an end-to-end human-generated multi-turn RAG benchmark that reflects several real-world properties across diverse dimensions for evaluating the full RAG pipeline. mtRAG contains 110 conversations averaging 7.7 turns each across four domains for a total of 842 tasks. We also explore automation paths via synthetic data and LLM-as-a-Judge evaluation. Our human and automatic evaluations show that even state-of-the-art LLM RAG systems struggle on mtRAG. We demonstrate the need for strong retrieval and generation systems that can handle later turns, unanswerable questions, non-standalone questions, and multiple domains. mtRAG is available at https://github.com/ibm/mt-rag-benchmark.
Identification and Candidate Gene Analysis of Brcl1, a Novel Gene Confers a Leaf Curled Phenotype in Brassica rapa L.
Authors: Wang Lihui , Liu Huishan , Sun Yunxia , Wang Wei , Li Chao , Liu Yuanwei , Liu Zhiyong , Ji Ruiqin , Huang Shengnan , Qu Gaoyang , Wang Yugang 
Published: January 2025

Leaf shape is an important determinant of photosynthesis, yield and quality in plants. In this study, we obtained a curled leaf mutant, cl1, from an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis population. It was designated the Brcl1YS locus. Bulk segregant RNA sequencing combined with recombinant screening identified the candidate interval responsible for Brcl1YS in a 97.5 kb region on chromosome A02. Twelve genes were identified within the candidate region. Sequence differences and co-separation verification confirmed that BraA02g017030.3C was the most promising candidate gene underlying the Brcl1YS locus. It is homologous to Arabidopsis AT1G66350 (RGL1), which has been shown to act as a negative regulator of the gibberellin pathway. Combined with cell morphology observation, it is speculated that the loss of function of Brcl1YS results in differences in cell development, ultimately leading to changes in leaf morphology. The results will contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf curling in B. rapa.