bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating microRNAs can predict chemotherapy-induced toxicities in patients being treated for primary breast cancer
Authors: Davey Matthew G. , Abbas Ray , Kerin Eoin P. , Casey Maire Caitlin , McGuire Andrew , Waldron Ronan M. , Heneghan Helen M. , Newell John , McDermott Ailbhe M. , Keane Maccon M. , Lowery Aoife J. , Miller Nicola , Kerin Michael J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prescribing NAC for breast cancer is a pragmatic treatment strategy for several reasons; however, certain patients suffer chemotherapy-induced toxicities. Unfortunately, identifying patients at risk of toxicity often proves challenging. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules which modulate genetic expression. The aim of this study was to determine whether circulating miRNAs are sensitive biomarkers that can identify the patients likely to suffer treatment-related toxicities to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for primary breast cancer.

Methods
This secondary exploratory from the prospective, multicentre translational research trial (CTRIAL ICORG10/11–NCT01722851) recruited 101 patients treated with NAC for breast cancer, from eight treatment sites across Ireland. A predetermined five miRNAs panel was quantified using RQ-PCR from patient bloods at diagnosis. MiRNA expression was correlated with chemotherapy-induced toxicities. Regression analyses was performed using SPSS v26.0.

Results
One hundred and one patients with median age of 55 years were recruited (range: 25–76). The mean tumour size was 36 mm and 60.4% had nodal involvement (n = 61) Overall, 33.7% of patients developed peripheral neuropathies (n = 34), 28.7% developed neutropenia (n = 29), and 5.9% developed anaemia (n = 6). Reduced miR-195 predicted patients likely to develop neutropenia (P = 0.048), while increased miR-10b predicted those likely to develop anaemia (P = 0.049). Increased miR-145 predicted those experiencing nausea and vomiting (P = 0.019), while decreased miR-21 predicted the development of mucositis (P = 0.008).

Conclusion
This is the first study which illustrates the value of measuring circulatory miRNA to predict patient-specific toxicities to NAC. These results support the ideology that circulatory miRNAs are biomarkers with utility in predicting chemotherapy toxicity as well as treatment response.
Flood pulses and fish species coexistence in tropical rivers - a theoretical food web model
Authors: van der Sleen Peter , Rams Maartje 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFreshwater fish diversity reaches its zenith in large tropical rivers. Although the origins of this diversity have been relatively well studied, the mechanisms that maintain high fish diversity in tropical rivers remain largely unknown. It has been hypothesized that the annual flood pulse, a perennial feature of many lowland rivers in the tropics, reduces competitive exclusion and consequently promotes species coexistence. During the high-water season, superabundant allochthonous resources and relatively low fish density may reduce intra- and interspecific competition. During the low-water season on the other hand, resource availability is low and predation pressure high, offsetting competitive differences between species and controlling fish population sizes. Here, we tested the potential role of these mechanisms for species coexistence using a food web model where fish species exhibit strong differences in competition strength and compete for finite resources. We simulated fish interactions when a regular flood pulse was either present or absent. We found that extinction rates in the simulations without an annual flood pulse were consistently higher when compared to those with a flood pulse, indicating more species could coexist when a regular annual flood pulse is present. If the flood pulse is a relevant mechanism for fish species coexistence, as our model results suggest, then flood pulse changes could result in species extinctions and lower fish diversity. Deforestation, climate change, and the construction of large hydropower dams are current drivers of hydrological change across the tropics, increasing the urgency to understand the role of natural flooding regimes for the maintenance of tropical freshwater fish diversity.
Stratification and temporal evolution of mixing regimes in diurnally heated river flows
Authors: Nguyen-Dang Cindy , Williamson Nicholas , Armfield Steven W. , Kirkpatrick Michael P. , Norris Stuart E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDirect numerical simulations of stratified open channel flows subject to a varying surface heat flux are performed. The influence of the diurnal heating time on the spatial and temporal variation of mixing in the flow and the characteristics of the mean flow state are examined. The control parameters are the bulk stability parameter $$\lambda_{B}$$

λ
B

, defined through the ratio of the channel height $$\delta$$
δ
and a bulk Obukhov length scale $$\mathscr{L}_{B}$$

L
B

, and the diurnal time scale $$\hat{t}$$

t
^

, defined as the ratio of the heating time to an eddy turnover time. The Prandtl number Pr and Reynolds number $$Re_{\tau}$$

R

e
τ

have values of 1 and 400. Simulations are performed over $$\hat{t} = 1$$

t
^

=
1

to 24 and $$\lambda_{B} = 0.6$$

λ
B

=
0.6

to 26. Two key flow features are used to classify the flow regimes observed, namely the laminar layer depth (LLD) and stratified layer depth (SLD) where the LLD is defined as the depth from the free surface when the buoyancy Reynolds number $$Re_{B} \approx 7$$

R

e
B

≈
7

and the SLD is the depth from the free surface when the turbulent Froude number $$Fr \approx 1$$

F
r
≈
1

. This study attempts to characterise how these length scales vary across the diel cycle. The LLD is a viscous length scale and a regime map of a viscous parameter, the bulk Obhukov Reynolds number $$Re_\mathscr{L}$$

R

e
L

, and $$\hat{t}$$

t
^

is presented to classify the LLD behaviour. A regime map of $$\lambda _{B}$$

λ
B

and $$\hat{t}$$

t
^

is presented to classify the behaviour of the SLD. Three classifications for each layer depth behaviour within a diel cycle form the basis of the regime maps for this paper: a neutral flow where the LLD or SLD does not exist (denoted by NL and NS), a stratified flow where the LLD or SLD are diurnally varying (denoted as DL and DS) and a persistent layer of the LLD or SLD (denoted as PL and PS). The transition between the NL to DL is $$\hat{t} \propto Re_{\mathscr{L}}^{4.5}$$

t
^

∝
R

e

L

4.5

, DL to PL is $$\hat{t} \propto Re_{\mathscr{L}}^{- 0.5}$$

t
^

∝
R

e

L

-
0.5

, NS to DS is $$\hat{t} \propto \lambda _{B}^{0}$$

t
^

∝

λ

B

0

and DS to PS is $$\hat{t} \propto \lambda _{B}^{1}$$

t
^

∝

λ

B

1

. The regime maps may be used as a predictive tool to determine when suppressed mixing regimes occur in rivers. At each flow depth, the flow sweeps though a range of mixing states across the diel cycle. The local mixing efficiency are briefly assessed and found to scale well with the instantaneous $$Fr$$

Fr

number according to the regimes proposed by Garanaik and Venayagamoorthy (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 867, 2019, pp. 323-333).
PGPR control Phytophthora capsici in tomato through induced systemic resistance, early hypersensitive response and direct antagonism in a cultivar-specific manner
Authors: Arkhipov Alexander , Carvalhais Lilia C. , Schenk Peer M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlant pathogens cause significant crop losses worldwide and present significant challenges to reliable food systems. The hemibiotroph Phytophthora capsici is ranked within the top 10 most problematic oomycete plant pathogens. P. capsici induces significant damage to plants by causing root rot, stem blight, and fruit rot, leading to decreased crop yields, economic losses, and increased plant susceptibility to secondary infections. The current study tested the hypothesis that plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), namely Bacillus velezensis UQ9000N and Pseudomonas azotoformans UQ4510An, have inhibitory effects against various fungi and oomycetes. This study also hypothesised that the plant genotype affects the capability of UQ4510An to control P. capsici infection. Our results revealed that B. velezensis UQ9000N and P. azotoformans UQ4510An inhibited the growth of several plant pathogens by 50% or higher. These bacteria also induced abnormal mycelial morphology of P. capsici and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Moreover, P. azotoformans UQ4510An exhibited anti-oomycete activity in vitro and in planta, by reducing symptoms of P. capsici infection in various tomato plant cultivars in a genotype-dependent manner. Some tomato cultivars which presented less improvements of phenotypic parameters from the UQ4510An inoculation in the absence of the pathogen had a more pronounced reduction in symptoms upon P. capsici infection. Furthermore, our results indicated that the main biocontrol mechanism of P. azotoformans UQ4510An against P. capsici is a combination of direct antagonism and induction of induced systemic resistance (ISR) involving a hypersensitive response (HR) in the plant host at early stages of infection.
Sustainable consumption behaviour among guests in luxury hotels through the lens of the extended theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Piramanayagam Senthilkumaran , Sen Samita , Seal Partho Pratim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to analyse the determinants of sustainable consumption behaviour (SCB) of guests in luxury hotels by extending the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). This study adopted a quantitative cross-sectional approach to analyse the determinants of guests’ SCB. Data for the study were collected between November 2021 to January 2022 from 298 respondents using Google Forms. The result indicates that the SCB of guests at luxury hotels is predominantly influenced by the guest’s attitude towards sustainability. Other significant factors that determine the sustainable consumption behaviour of guests at luxury hotels are perceived cost, perceived benefit, and perceived behavioural control. The study also demonstrates the applicability of TPB and the need for its extension to understand individuals’ SCB from the perspective of perceived cost and benefit.
Effect of heat treatment temperature on the morphology and upconversion properties of LaF3:Yb,Er nanoparticles
Authors: Tegze Borbála , Tolnai Gyula , Hessz Dóra , Kubinyi Miklós , Madarász János , Sáfrán György , Hórvölgyi Zoltán 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLaF3:5%Yb3+,0.5%Er3+ upconverting nanoparticles were synthesized with co-precipitation method and heat treated at temperatures 300–600 °C. The morphology of the particles was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectrometry and dynamic light scattering. Crystal structure was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal behaviour was investigated by simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). Upconversion behaviour was studied in detail by fluorescence spectroscopy, with 980 nm excitation. Particle sizes increased with increasing heat treatment temperature, and samples showed significant aggregation above 500 °C. Hexagonal LaF3 crystal structure was identified for all samples, with increased crystallinity after heat treatment at 400 °C, which was corroborated with TG/DTA results. XRD and energy-dispersive spectrometry results revealed that at higher temperatures new crystal phases formed, as some Yb3+ and Er3+ dopant ions segregated into new nanocrystals, made of, for example, YbOF and YbOOH, which caused a significant decrease in the upconversion emission of the samples. The highest upconversion emission was achieved after heat treatment at 400 °C.
Thromboxane prostanoid signaling in macrophages attenuates lymphedema and facilitates lymphangiogenesis in mice
Authors: Mishima Toshiaki , Hosono Kanako , Tanabe Mina , Ito Yoshiya , Majima Masataka , Narumiya Shuh , Miyaji Kagami , Amano Hideki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence suggests that prostaglandin E2, an arachidonic acid (AA) metabolite, enhances lymphangiogenesis in response to inflammation. However, thromboxane A2 (TXA2), another AA metabolite, is not well known. Thus, this study aimed to determine the role of thromboxane prostanoid (TP) signaling in lymphangiogenesis in secondary lymphedema.

Methods and results
Lymphedema was induced by the ablation of lymphatic vessels in mouse tails. Compared with wild-type mice, tail lymphedema in Tp-deficient mice was enhanced, which was associated with suppressed lymphangiogenesis as indicated by decreased lymphatic vessel area and pro-lymphangiogenesis-stimulating factors. Numerous macrophages were found in the tail tissues of Tp-deficient mice. Furthermore, the deletion of TP in macrophages increased tail edema and decreased lymphangiogenesis and pro-lymphangiogenic cytokines, which was accompanied by increased numbers of macrophages and gene expression related to a pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in tail tissues. In vivo microscopic studies revealed fluorescent dye leakage in the lymphatic vessels in the wounded tissues.

Conclusions
The results suggest that TP signaling in macrophages promotes lymphangiogenesis and prevents tail lymphedema. TP signaling may be a therapeutic target for improving lymphedema-related symptoms by enhancing lymphangiogenesis.
High-quality DNA isolation protocol for detection of Khapra beetle (Dermestidae: Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898) in standard wheat germ trap
Authors: Zhu Xiaocheng , Gopurenko David , Galea Francesca , Marsh Ian B. , McDougall Sandra , Thotagamuwa Agasthya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Khapra beetle (Dermestidae: Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898) is an internationally significant pest of grain crops and stored grain products. Wheat germ traps, routinely used in surveillance sampling of Khapra beetle provide feed-substrates used by the pest throughout its life cycle. However, Khapra beetle larvae, eggs and other traces of the pest, such as larval frass and exuviae, in wheat germ traps are difficult to sort and taxonomically identify. Additionally, high levels of polysaccharides in wheat germ can inhibit PCR based molecular detection of this pest captured in the traps.

Methods and results
We have developed a sensitive and low-cost protocol for extracting trace levels of Khapra beetle DNA from an entire wheat germ trap. Overnight digestion of entire trap contents in 6 mL of ATL buffer, followed by a 40 min lysis step was optimal for DNA extraction. Paired with reported qPCR assays, this protocol allows the detection of a few hairs of T. granarium in a typical 2-gram wheat germ trap.

Conclusion
This DNA extraction protocol makes it possible to perform a more rapid identification of the pest following wheat germ sample collection. The protocol has potential to improve international efforts for Khapra beetle surveillance.
A Mixed-Methods Study on Religiosity, Pandemic Beliefs, and Psychological Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia
Authors: Ting Rachel Sing-Kiat , Goh Pei Hwa , Ong Esther Zhen-Mei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the association between religious identity, religiosity (internal vs external), and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data from two cross-sectional surveys were used to test these associations among Malaysians from the three major religious groups—Muslims, Christians, and Buddhists—as well as mixed qualitative coding on illness beliefs and helpful resources. During the pandemic, higher religiosity was associated with less perceived stress, external religiosity was negatively associated with stress, and internal religiosity was positively associated with life satisfaction among young adults. Thematic coding also confirmed a variety of illness beliefs and helpful resources relevant to social and religious norms. Different pathways of religious coping were utilized during the pandemic.
Phenotyping the obesities: reality or utopia?
Authors: Portincasa Piero , Frühbeck Gema 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this thematic issue on phenotyping the obesities, prominent international experts offer an insightful and comprehensive collection of articles covering the current knowledge in the field. In order to actually capture all the polyhedral determinants of the diverse types of obesity, the granularity of the phenotypic information acquired must be expanded in the context of a personalized approach. Whilst the use of precision medicine has been successfully implemented in areas like cancer and other diseases, health care providers are more reluctant to embrace detailed phenotyping to guide diagnosis, treatment and prevention in obesity. Given its multiple complex layers, phenotyping necessarily needs to go beyond the multi-omics approach and incorporate all the diverse spheres that conform the reality of people living with obesity. Potential barriers, difficulties, roadblocks and opportunities together with their interaction in a syndemic context are analyzed. Plausible lacunae are also highlighted in addition to pointing to the need of redefining new conceptual frameworks. Therefore, this extraordinary collection of state-ofthe-art reviews provides useful information to both experienced clinicians and trainees as well as academics to steer clinical practice and research in the management of people living with obesity irrespective of practice setting or career stage.
Recording of Low-Oxygen Stress Response Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence Kinetics in Apple Fruit
Authors: Schlie Tim-Pascal , Dierend Werner , Köpcke Dirk , Rath Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLong-term storage of apples (Malus x domestica, Borkh.) is increasingly taking place under Dynamic Controlled Atmosphere (DCA). The oxygen level is lowered to ≤ 1 kPa O2 and the apples are stored just above the Lower Oxygen Limit (LOL). Low oxygen stress during controlled atmosphere storage can lead to fermentation in apples if oxygen levels are too low. Chlorophyll fluorescence can be used to detect low-oxygen stress at an early stage during storage. The currently available non-imaging fluorescence systems often use the minimal fluorescence (Fo) parameter. In contrast, the use of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics is insufficiently described. Therefore, this study aimed to gain more knowledge about the response of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics to low oxygen stress in apples using a fluorescence imaging system. The results show that the kinetic fluorescence curves differ under aerobic and fermentation conditions. The fermentative conditions initiated a decrease in fluorescence intensity upon application of the saturation pulses during exposure to actinic light. This result was made at 18 °C and 2 °C ambient temperatures. Interestingly, the kinetic curve changed at 2 °C before fermentation products accumulated in the apples. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) decreased under fermentation conditions in the dark phase after relaxation. Upon entering the dark relaxation phase after Kautsky induction, ɸPSII began to increase. Under atmospheric oxygen conditions, ɸPSII reached values of 0.81 to 0.76, while under fermentation, ɸPSII values ranged from 0.57 to 0.44.
Assessing troglomorphic and phylogenetically informative traits in troglobionts: a new cave-dwelling centipede illuminates the evolution of a soil-dwelling lineage (Chilopoda: Geophilidae)
Authors: Bonato Lucio , Ferreira Rodrigo Lopes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCave-dwelling species are of special interest in evolutionary biology, because (i) many share particular traits associated with the cave habitat (troglomorphic traits), and (ii) some represent relict lineages that may conserve ancestral traits or possibly transitional traits, which may provide insights into the evolution of other highly derived species. However, these different kinds of characters are hard to assess thoroughly in troglobionts belonging to little known terrestrial arthropod groups. We describe a new species of centipedes from the Areias System caves, Brazil, namely, Plutogeophilus jurupariquibaba gen.n. sp.n., which adds to the few putative troglobionts known among Chilopoda Geophilomorpha. We analyzed a suite of characters in the light of a phylogenetic analysis and by direct comparison with epigean relatives, controlling for interindividual variation and its confounding sources. We found that: (i) troglomorphic traits of P. jurupariquibaba may include large body, elongate antennae, elongate legs and claws, and possibly also elongate setae and large coxal pores; (ii) the cave-dwelling Plutogeophilus is the sister lineage of the soil-dwelling Macronicophilus, whose morphology is highly derived and whose phylogenetic position remained unclear; (iii) compared with other extant geophilids, symplesiomorphic traits and apparently intermediate traits found in Plutogeophilus provide insights on the origin of the morphology of Macronicophilus, suggesting a stepwise modification of labrum, forcipular apparatus and ultimate legs, and the derivation of the unique rounded and spiny tip of the second maxillae from a pointed claw.
Challenging Behaviours in Primary Classrooms: Examining Causal Attributions and Strategies Used by Primary School Teachers in India
Authors: Patnaik Susmita , Subban Pearl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we examined 535 primary classroom teachers’ causal attributions about challenging behaviour in West Bengal, India. The participants completed a questionnaire that collected information about their perceptions, causal attribution, and proposed strategies to address a range of challenging behaviours that were presented through five vignettes. The participants identified student-related and family-related factors as the main causes of challenging behaviour more frequently compared to teacher-related causes. They reported using proactive strategies more often than reactive strategies to address challenging behaviours in their classrooms. The findings provided insight into teachers’ causal attributions influencing their choice of classroom-management strategies, which helped to understand teaching practices and how they affect students. The implications of the study are presented to improve professional learning and practice for teachers and guide them to adopt strength-based strategies to address challenging behaviour in primary schools in West Bengal, India.
THE SOPHIST'S PUZZLING EPISTÊMÊ IN THE SOPHIST
Authors: Murphy David J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAgainst prevailing interpretations, this article contends that Plato's Sophist and Statesman accord the sophist a kind of ‘knowing-how’ (epistêmê). In Soph. 233c10‒d2, the Visitor and Theaetetus agree that the sophist has not truth but a δοξαστικὴ ἐπιστήμη. This phrase cannot mean ‘a seeming knowledge’, for –ικός adjectives formed from verbs express the ability to perform the action denoted by the verb—here, δοξάζω. Although not a first-order, subject-area knowledge, sophistry is a second-order knowledge of how to form and use judgements (doxai). Other acknowledgements of the sophist's epistêmê and the ascription to him of τέχνη, ‘craft/expertise’, confirm that the Visitor's conclusion is not to be dismissed as irony. To critics who argue from the Gorgias and from other works that Plato must consider the Visitor's conclusion an error, the author replies: 1) other dialogues do not control the Visitor dialogues; 2) the Visitor does not validly demonstrate that the sophist lacks all knowledge; 3) by admitting sensibles into Being, the Visitor and Theaetetus allow the objects of epistêmê to include things in the embodied world, even likenesses. Non-philosophers’ epistêmê in the Visitor dialogues is not implicated in the difficulties that critics have raised about epistemology in the so-called Two Worlds dialogues. On this new ontology, even the sophist, if guided by philosophical rulers, can benefit citizens by employing his elenctic expertise as Socrates did, aiding their growth toward virtue.