bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulatory T cells as a therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Laukova Marcela , Glatman Zaretsky Arielle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFoxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells suppress inflammation and are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. A growing appreciation of tissue‐specific Treg functions has built interest in leveraging the endogenous suppressive mechanisms of these cells into cellular therapeutics in organ‐specific diseases. Notably, Treg cells play a critical role in maintaining the intestinal environment. As a barrier site, the gut requires Treg cells to mediate interactions with the microbiota, support barrier integrity, and regulate the immune system. Without fully functional Treg cells, intestinal inflammation and microbial dysbiosis ensue. Thus, there is a particular interest in developing Treg cellular therapies for intestinal inflammatory disease, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This article reviews some of the critical pathways that are dysregulated in IBD, Treg cell mechanisms of suppression, and the efforts and approaches in the field to develop these cells as a cellular therapy for IBD.
Heteroleptic Square Planar Cobalt(I/II) Complexes
Authors: Gao Yafei , Lee Wei‐Tsung , Carta Veronica , Chen Chun‐Hsing , Telser Joshua , Smith Jeremy M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReduction of the cobalt(II) chloride complex, Ph2B(tBuIm)2Co(THF)Cl (1) in the presence of tBuN≡C affords the diamagnetic, square planar cobalt(I) complex Ph2B(tBuIm)2Co(C≡NtBu)2 (2). This is a rare example of a 16‐electron cobalt(I) complex that is structurally related to square planar noble metal complexes. Accordingly, the electronic structure of 2, as calculated by DFT, reveals that the HOMO is largely dz2 in character. Complex 2 is readily oxidized to its cobalt(II) congener [Ph2B(tBuIm)2Co(C=NtBu)2]BPh4 (3‐BPh4), whose EPR spectral parameters are characteristic of low‐spin d7 with an unpaired electron in an orbital of dz2 parentage. This is also consistent with the results of DFT calculations. Despite its 16‐electron configuration and the dz2 parentage of the HOMO, the only tractable reactions of 2 involve one electron oxidation to afford 3.
Ir‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation and Alkylation of Aldehydes and Ketones Using Ethanol as the Hydrogen Source
Authors: Yadav Suman , Rao Kuram Malleswara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBio‐derived ethanol is a promising green and sustainable hydrogen‐donor solvent. Herein, we have developed Ir‐catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of ketones and aldehydes using ethanol as a hydrogen source with amides as simple ligands. Furthermore, the alkylation of ketones and tandem alkylation/transfer hydrogenation of acetophenones is reported with ethanol.
Oxidative Coupling of 4‐Hydroxycoumarins with Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones Induced by Visible Light under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Laze Loris , Romero Paula , Bosque Irene , Gonzalez‐Gomez Jose C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDirect and selective C(sp2)−H/C(sp2)−H cross‐dehydrogenative coupling has become a promising strategy to increase molecular complexity with a high atom economy. This study describes an efficient and straightforward protocol for the regioselective C3‐H/C3‐H cross‐coupling of 4‐hydroxycoumarin derivatives with quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones, including late‐stage modification of natural drugs, promoted by visible light under aerobic conditions at room temperature. With this approach, a wide range of hybrid drug‐like molecules were prepared, using air as the terminal oxidant. Remarkably, the C4‐OH group at the coumarin ring is essential for the reaction and has been used as a handle for diverse functionalizations of the final products. Moreover, sunlight can promote the reaction under very mild and sustainable conditions, even on a gram scale. Qualitative and semi‐quantitative tools were used to demonstrate the greenness advance of this methodology over previously reported ones. Several experiments were conducted to propose a plausible mechanism for this transformation.
Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: A population‐based study with emphasis on re‐recurrence and malignant transformation
Authors: Xu Wanlin , Zhang Xu , Wu Yifan , Zhu Yun , Liu Shengwen , Lu Hao , Yang Wenjun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to analyze the prognostic determinants for re‐recurrence and malignant transformation of parotid recurrent pleomorphic adenoma (RPA).MethodsBetween January 2011 and December 2020, all the cases of RPA of the parotid gland at our single institution were reviewed.ResultsA total of 168 patients were included in this study, with a median age of 41.5 years, and 20 (11.9%) patients developed re‐recurrence during follow‐up. It has been evidenced that recurrence times (single or multiple) was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence‐free survival (p = 0.0264). A total of 26 (15.48%) patients experienced malignant transformation of parotid RPA, and older age (>45 year old), male sex, and higher clinical tumor staging (T3–T4) were significantly associated with malignant transformation of parotid RPA.ConclusionsRecurrence times was an independent prognostic factor for re‐recurrence of parotid RPA, and older male with high T‐stage may more easily develop malignant transformation.
Synthesis of the Multidrug Reversal Agent Ko143 and Its Parent Natural Product Fumitremorgin C
Authors: Zechner Melanie , Altmann Karl‐Heinz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKo143 is a tetracyclic, synthetic analog of the fungal metabolite fumitremorgin C. Ko143 is a potent and specific inhibitor of the membrane‐bound efflux transporter ABCG2, and it reverses ABCG2‐mediated drug resistance in cancer cells. Here, we describe an improved synthesis of Ko143 that relies on the highly selective, substrate‐controlled reduction of an imine that is formed in a Bischler–Napieralski reaction with the amide derived from 6‐methoxy‐l‐tryptophan methyl ester and isovaleric acid as a key step. We have also developed a new route to 6‐methoxy‐l‐tryptophan methyl ester from Cbz‐l‐aspartic acid methyl ester, m‐anisidine and differently substituted benzaldehydes. With p‐nitrobenzaldehyde as one of the starting materials, this route gave access to 6‐methoxy‐l‐tryptophan methyl ester in five steps and 20 % overall yield; however, it is less efficient than a previously reported synthesis of 6‐methoxy‐l‐tryptophan methyl ester from 6‐methoxy indole.
Adoptees relearning their heritage languages: A postcolonial reading of language and dialogue in transnational adoption
Authors: Sacré Hari Prasad Adhikari , Cawayu Atamhi , Clemente‐Martínez Chandra Kala 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis theoretical article reflects on a recent development in adult literacy studies: transnational adoptees relearning their heritage languages. Literacy and adoption scholars have studied the replacement of the heritage language with a second language and reported it as a permanent loss. Returning to the country of origin, return adoptees challenge such notion by relearning the heritage language as part of their homecoming. We explore how this heritage language relearning could be seen as a renegotiation of the language hierarchies between the adoptive community and the community of origin of languages in the relationship between the adoptive region and the region of origin. Building on Gayatri Chakrabarty Spivak’s “Enabling Violation” concept, we deploy a postcolonial perspective on understanding heritage language relearning in transnational adoptees. We discuss how language relearning can challenge and reproduce the asymmetrical relation between adoptees’ position in the Global North and their first families in the Global South. We argue that heritage language relearning can open the door for adoptees to engage with transnational literacy, carving out global learning trajectories and reconnecting their adoptive and first world. The last section of this article discusses adoption organisations’ dialectic response to this shift by partaking in the organisation of heritage language classes for adoptees. We argue that adult education centres and literacy educators can play a pivotal role in further institutionalising these heritage language classes for transnational adoptees.
The effectiveness of phototherapy for surface decontamination against SARS‐Cov‐2. A systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Susyane Vieira de , Neves Filipe Danilo das , Santos Daniela Carvalho dos , Monteiro Mariana Bernardes Batista , Spanghero Maristela S. , Motta Beatriz Nascimento , Oliveira Igor Pereira de , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro , Franco Adriana Lino dos Santos , Cecatto Rebeca Boltes 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 appeared in December 2019, needing efforts of science. Besides, a range of light therapies (photodynamic therapy, ultraviolet [UV], laser) has shown scientific alternatives to conventional decontamination therapies. Investigating the efficacy of light‐based therapies for environment decontamination against SARS‐CoV2, a PRISMA systematic review of Phototherapies against SARS‐CoV or MERS‐CoV species discussing changes in viral RT‐PCR was done. After searching MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Literatura Latino‐Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde we have found studies about cell cultures irradiation (18), blood components irradiation (10), N95 masks decontamination (03), inanimate surface decontamination (03), aerosols decontamination (03), hospital rooms irradiation (01) with PDT, LED, and UV therapy. The best quality results showed an effective low time and dose UV irradiation for environments and inanimate surfaces without human persons as long as the devices have safety elements dependent on the surfaces, viral charge, humidity, radiant exposure. To interpersonal contamination in humans, PDT or LED therapy seems very promising and are encouraged.
Hsa_circ_0092887 targeting miR‐490‐5p/UBE2T promotes paclitaxel resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Limei , Zhang Zhiyong , Tian Hui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundChemoresistance is a major contributing factor to cancer treatment failure. Emerging research reveals that circular RNA (circRNA) dysregulation is implicated in chemoresistance. Our current study aimed to investigate the involvement of hsa_circ_0092887 in paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsRT‐qPCR as well as western blotting were used for the analysis of hsa_circ_0092887, miR‐490‐5p and UBE2T expression in PTX‐resistant NSCLC tumor tissues and cells. CCK‐8 assay was done to determine the IC50 value of PTX. CCK‐8 assay, wound healing assay, analysis of apoptosis related proteins (Bax and Bcl‐2), and xenograft mouse models were utilized to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0092887 in PTX‐resistance in NSCLC. The binding sites of miR‐490‐5p to hsa_circ_0092887 or UBE2T were predicted by bioinformatics tools and were verified by RIP and dual‐luciferase assays.ResultsExpression of hsa_Circ_0092887 was upregulated in NSCLC tumor samples/cell lines, and its expression was also higher in PTX‐resistant tumor samples/cell lines when compared with their respective controls. Silencing of hsa_circ_0092887 in PTX‐treated NSCLC cells inhibited cell proliferation and migration, induced apoptosis, and suppressed tumor growth in xenograft mouse models in vivo. MiR‐490‐5p was a direct target of hsa_circ_0092887, and UBE2T was a functional downstream target of hsa_circ_0092887/miR‐490‐5p axis. Hsa_circ_0092887 depletion‐induced anti‐cancer effects in PTX‐treated NSCLC cells were reversed by miR‐490‐5p inhibitor. Furthermore, inhibition of miR‐490‐5p strengthened UBE2T expression, thereby attenuating the anti‐cancer effects caused by UBE2T knockdown.ConclusionHsa_circ_0092887 depletion alleviated PTX‐resistance in NSCLC cells via modulating the miR‐490‐5p/UBE2T axis, and the targeted management of hsa_circ_0092887‐mediated signaling axis might contribute to PTX‐resistance intervention in NSCLC.
The association between serum anion gap and all‐cause mortality of unselected adult patients: A retrospective cohort study of >20,000 patients
Authors: Ji Xuan , Peng Shixuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEven though the serum anion gap (AG) is frequently measured in clinical practice, there is not much research that has examined long‐term mortality in unselected adult patients. Our study's objective was to investigate how serum anion gap levels could be used to predict death in unselected participants.MethodsThe relationship between baseline serum AG levels and short‐, intermediate‐, and long‐term all‐cause mortality in unselected adult patients is examined using the Cox proportional risk analysis, smoothed curve fitting, subgroup analysis, and Kaplan–Meier survival curves.ResultsAfter screening the database using the appropriate method, a total of 26,270 patients were enrolled in our study for the final data analysis. Our study used smoothed curve fit plots and COX proportional risk regression models incorporating cubic spline functions to evaluate the association between AG levels and all‐cause mortality in a non‐selected population, and the results indicated a non‐linear relationship. In the fully adjusted model, we found that AG levels were positively associated with 30‐day, 90‐day, 365‐day, and 4‐year all‐cause mortality in unselected adult patients with HRs of 1.08 95% CIs (1.06, 1.09); 1.08 95% CIs (1.06, 1.09); 1.08 95% CIs (1.07, 1.08); 1.07 95% CIs (1.06, 1.07).ConclusionSerum anion gap levels were positively correlated with all‐cause mortality in unselected adult patients, with increasing levels of serum anion gap increasing patient mortality.
High eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 expression predicts poor prognosis and may participate in the SNHG16/miR‐10b‐5p/EIF5A2 regulatory axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ye Shuang , Wang Dan , Jin Ming , Du Juan , Chen Xue , Zhang Hui , Zhou Chongchang , Fang Shuai , Liu Kaitai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study attempted to investigate the significance of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) in the prognosis and regulatory network of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsEIF5A2 expression, prognostic information, and methylation levels of HNSCC were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Quantitative real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot analyses were performed to determine EIF5A2 levels in HNSCC and normal tissue samples. R software was employed for expression analysis and prognosis assessment of EIF5A2 in HNSCC. A competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was generated with the starBase database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to determine the enriched physiological functions and network related to high expression of EIF5A2 in HNSCC. Immune infiltration‐related outcomes were acquired from the CIBERSORT and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database.ResultsEIF5A2 overexpression was observed in HNSCC and linked to poor progression‐free survival and overall survival time. Cox regression analyses showed that EIF5A2 level was a stand‐alone indicator of HNSCC patients' prognosis. A ceRNA network analysis highlighted the SNHG16/miR‐10b‐5p/EIF5A2 axis in EIF5A2 regulation. The GSEA results indicated that EIF5A2 was involved in complex signaling pathways. The CIBERSORT and TIMER databases revealed significant associations between EIF5A2 expression and immune cell infiltration.ConclusionEIF5A2 overexpression may be a risk factor for prognosis in HNSCC and may be regulated by the SNHG16/miR‐10b‐5p/EIF5A2 axis.
Measuring general mental health in early‐mid adolescence: A systematic meta‐review of content and psychometrics
Authors: Black Louise , Panayiotou Margarita , Humphrey Neil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent mental health is a major concern and brief general self‐report measures can facilitate insight into intervention response and epidemiology via large samples. However, measures' relative content and psychometrics are unclear.MethodA systematic search of systematic reviews was conducted to identify relevant measures. We searched PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, COSMIN, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Theoretical domains were described, and item content was coded and analysed, including via the Jaccard index to determine measure similarity. Psychometric properties were extracted and rated using the COSMIN system.ResultsWe identified 22 measures from 19 reviews, which considered general mental health (GMH) (positive and negative aspects together), life satisfaction, quality of life (mental health subscales only), symptoms, and wellbeing. Measures were often classified inconsistently within domains at the review level. Only 25 unique indicators were found and several indicators were found across the majority of measures and domains. Most measure pairs had low Jaccard indexes, but 6.06% of measure pairs had >50% similarity (most across two domains). Measures consistently tapped mostly emotional content but tended to show thematic heterogeneity (included more than one of emotional, cognitive, behavioural, physical and social themes). Psychometric quality was generally low.ConclusionsBrief adolescent GMH measures have not been developed to sufficient standards, likely limiting robust inferences. Researchers and practitioners should attend carefully to specific items included, particularly when deploying multiple measures. Key considerations, more promising measures, and future directions are highlighted.PROSPERO registration: CRD42020184350 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020184350.
Effect of electrified surface casing on the interference characteristics of stray current generated by deep‐well anode beds
Authors: Cen Kang , Dai Minxue , Huang Xiayu , Han Zongzhi , Dong Chunjuan , Li Renke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrently, the impressed current cathodic protection with deep‐well anode beds has been found that the surface casing was charged. In this study, 13 deep‐well anode beds were selected randomly to investigate whether their surface casings were electrified. Possible causes of the electrification of surface casings are also discussed. A numerical model for simulating the geoelectric field of a representative deep‐well anode bed with an electrified surface casing was established and validated by data from on‐site testing. The difference in the interference characteristics between situations with charged and uncharged casings was also discussed. The results showed that 30.7% of deep‐well anode beds had electrified surface casings. The leading root causes may be that the anode cable had been damaged unexpectedly during the construction process or the electrical resistance between the anodes and the surface casing had been reduced dramatically. The peak potential gradient and comprehensive interference intensity were about 20 times and 3–6 times, respectively, those in situations where the casing was uncharged. A polyvinyl chloride surface casing is, therefore, recommended in deep‐well anode beds. Reliable electrical insulation should be implemented if steel casings are used. Furthermore, regular electrification tests on steel surface casings should be conducted during completion acceptance and daily operation.
SNORD60 promotes the tumorigenesis and progression of endometrial cancer through binding PIK3CA and regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Wu , Chen Xi , Liu Xin , Bao Hai‐juan , Li Qian‐hui , Xian Jing‐yuan , Lu Bing‐feng , Zhao Yang , Chen Shuo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEndometrial carcinoma is a common gynecological malignant tumor, small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are involved in cancer development. However, researches on the roles of snoRNAs in endometrial carcinoma are limited. The expression levels of snoRNAs in endometrial cancer tissues were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and plasmids were used for transfection. Moreover, CCK‐8, EdU, wound‐healing assay, transwell, cell apoptosis, western blotting, and xenograft model were employed to examine the biological functions of related molecules. real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to detect messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Including bioinformatics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA pulldown, actinomycin D and RTL‐P assays were also carried out to explore the molecular mechanism. Analysis of data from TCGA showed that the expression level of small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 60 (SNORD60) in endometrial cancer tissues is observably higher than that in normal endometrial tissues. Further research suggested that SNORD60 played a carcinogenic role both in vitro and in vivo, and significantly upregulated the expression of PIK3CA. However, the carcinogenic effects can be reversed by knocking down fibrillarin (FBL) or PIK3CA. SNORD60 forms complexes by binding with 2′‐O‐methyltransferase fibrillarin, thus catalyzes the 2′‐O‐methylation (Nm) modification of PIK3CA mRNA and modulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, so as to promote the development of endometrial cancer. In short, SNORD60 might become a new biomarker for the therapy of endometrial cancer in the future and provide new strategies for diagnosis and treatment.
Microfluidic contact lenses for ocular diagnostics and drug delivery
Authors: Torun Hulya , Fazla Bartu , Arman Samaneh , Ozdalgic Berin , Yetisen Ali K. , Tasoglu Savas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe human eye and tear provide essential physiological information for the detection of ocular dysfunctions and therapy monitoring. The measurements of biomarkers in tear composition are critical for disease diagnosis and early interventions. Hence, significant efforts are dedicated to the development of functional contact lenses that can quantify tear analytes and ocular physiological condition. The combination of microfluidics and contact lens technologies offer real‐time monitoring of ocular physiology and timely detection of eye disorders through wireless components. This review discusses the fundamentals of microfluidic contact lenses and their diverse applications in ophthalmic diagnostics and drug delivery. It also elucidates the strategies for the commercialization of microfluidic contact lenses to create clinical and point‐of‐care products.