bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Intersections of Race, Burnout, and Self-Care in Social Justice and Music Therapy
Authors: Kunimura Ami 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBurnout, race, self-care, and social justice are multidimensional and dynamic topics that have multiple intersections and implications for music therapists. Exploring the relationship between race and burnout is necessary because centuries of racism have created health and occupational inequities for people of color and because retaining a diverse workforce is essential for quality client care. This is especially important for music therapy, where professionals of color are underrepresented in a field that serves a diverse clientele with music, a culturally centered art form. This article will first explore current research on race and 2 types of burnout. Occupational burnout is a current public health issue and activist burnout is a major barrier to sustaining social movements. These 2 types of burnout may overlap and may be symptoms of larger systemic and social issues. Although self-care is needed to navigate both occupational burnout and activist burnout, self-care is not just a means of burnout prevention and stress management. In the context of race and social justice, self-care takes on deeper meanings and purposes that can be further supported by the principles of moral courage and moral resilience to cultivate progress, strength, equity, and inclusion in the music therapy profession. Self-care can symbolize freedom and compassion, and new perspectives will be offered on acknowledging self-care as an ethical responsibility and honoring self-care as an inherent human right.
Calc-Alkaline Plutons in a Proto-Tethyan Intra-Oceanic Arc (Qilian Orogen, NW China): Implications for the Construction of Arc Crust
Authors: Wang Chao , Song Shuguang , Zhao Guochun , Allen Mark B , Su Li , Gao Tianyu , Wen Tao , Feng Di 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntra-oceanic arcs are one of the major building blocks of continents, and the rarely exposed calc-alkaline plutons in intra-oceanic arcs are a critical component of arc crust. These calc-alkaline plutons provide juvenile crustal materials to the continental crust, and thus their petrogenesis has important implications for the formation and evolution of continental crust. Here, we present the results of an integrated study, involving field investigation, petrology, geochronology and geochemistry, on calc-alkaline intermediate–felsic plutons and their mafic magmatic enclaves (MMEs) within a Proto-Tethyan intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan terrane of the Qilian Orogen, northern Tibetan Plateau. These calc-alkaline intermediate–felsic plutons range from gabbroic diorites, through diorites, to granodiorites. In situ zircon U–Pb dating demonstrates that these plutons were emplaced in the Early Paleozoic (474–460 Ma), slightly older than previously identified 460–440 Ma intra-oceanic arc volcanics (boninites, ankaramites, high-Mg basaltic andesites, high-Al andesites, sanukites) in the Lajishan terrane. The geochemistry of these plutons indicates that they were differentiation products of subduction-metasomatized arc mantle-derived melts, and isotope modeling constrains that their mantle source was metasomatized by less than 10% addition of slab-derived fluids/melts. Their parental melts experienced polybaric medium- to high-pressure fractional crystallization to generate the compositional variation of these plutons. There are two types of MMEs according to their different geochemistry (high- and low-MgO MMEs) and both of them are early crystallized melts derived from the heterogeneous subduction-metasomatized arc mantle wedge, captured by evolving magmas. Alkaline high-MgO MMEs represent near-primitive alkaline melts derived from melting of pyroxenite with phlogopite-enriched veins in the heterogeneous arc mantle wedge, while low-MgO MMEs stand for relatively evolved calc-alkaline melts formed during differentiation of the melts parental to their host. The upper crustal construction of this Proto-Tethyan intra-oceanic arc was achieved through earlier emplacement of 474–460 Ma calc-alkaline plutons followed by slightly later eruption of arc volcanics at 460–440 Ma above these plutons. As approximated by the composition of these calc-alkaline plutons and arc volcanics, the upper crustal composition of this Proto-Tethyan intra-oceanic arc is still juvenile and primitive. This juvenile intra-oceanic crust was accreted to continental blocks through arc–continent collision at 440–420 Ma, in response to closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean. The accreted intra-oceanic crust represents addition of juvenile crustal materials to existing continents and has remained primitive and intact, which could be balanced by other more evolved crustal components to form a mature bulk continental crust.
Differences of nitrogen metabolism in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seedlings subjected to water deprivation and salt exposure
Authors: Du Baoguo , Winkler Jana Barbro , Ache Peter , White Philip J , Dannenmann Michael , Alfarraj Saleh , Albasher Gadah , Schnitzler Joerg-Peter , Hedrich Rainer , Rennenberg Heinz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDrought and salt exposure are among the most prevalent and severe abiotic stressors causing serious agricultural yield losses, alone and in combination. Little is known about differences and similarities in the effects of these two stress factors on plant metabolic regulation, particularly on nitrogen metabolism. Here, we studied the effects of water deprivation and salt exposure on water relations and nitrogen metabolites in leaves and roots of date palm seedlings. Both, water deprivation and salt exposure had no significant effects on plant water content or stable carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) isotope signatures. Significant effects of water deprivation on total C and N concentrations were only observed in roots, i.e., decreased total C and increased total N concentrations. Whereas salt exposure initially decreased total C and increased total N concentrations significantly in roots, foliar total C concentration was increased upon prolonged exposure. Initially C/N ratios declined in roots of plants from both treatments and upon prolonged salt exposure also in the leaves. Neither treatment affected soluble protein and structural N concentrations in leaves or roots, but resulted in the accumulation of most amino acids, except for glutamate and tryptophan, which remained stable, and serine, which decreased, in roots. Accumulation of the most abundant amino acids, lysine and proline, was observed in roots under both treatments, but in leaves only upon salt exposure. This finding indicates a similar role of these amino acids as compatible solutes in the roots in response to salt und drought, but not in the leaves. Upon prolonged treatment, amino acid concentrations returned to levels found in unstressed plants in leaves of water deprived, but not salt exposed, plants. The present results show both water deprivation and salt exposure strongly impact N metabolism of date palm seedlings, but in a different manner in leaves and roots.
Zearalenone regulates microRNA156 to affect the root development ofTetrastigma hemsleyanum
Authors: Li Jiangshan , Huang Xiaoping , Zeng Zhanghui , Chen Zhehao , Huang Jinxin , He Chenjing , Xiang Taihe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractZearalenone (ZEN) is a secondary metabolite from Fusarium species. It is also present in plants and regulates the photochemical reaction in Photosystem II, the stress response and root growth. To investigate the mechanism by which ZEN regulates Tetrastigma hemsleyanum root growth, differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified and verified by high-throughput sequencing and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of the roots of T. hemsleyanum seedlings treated with and without ZEN. The predicted functions of microRNA156b (miR156b) and microRNA156f (miR156f) were confirmed in transgenic hairy roots. (i) A total of 70 miRNAs showed significantly different expression levels under ZEN treatment, including seven highly conserved miRNAs. (ii) The number of lateral roots and total root length of the transgenic hairy roots overexpressing miR156b and miR156f was significantly higher than the wild-type hairy roots, and thus the overexpression of miR156b and miR156f in T. hemsleyanum promoted lateral root development. (iii) Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the target genes of miR156b and miR156f were SPL9/10. As compared with the wild-type hairy roots, the expression of SPL9 was significantly lower in the hairy roots overexpressing miR156b, and the expression of SPL10 was significantly lower in the hairy roots overexpressing miR156f. Therefore, SPL9 could be the target gene of miR156b, and SPL10 could be the target gene of miR156f. This study shows that ZEN could increase the expression of miR156b and miR156f in T. hemsleyanum roots, which negatively regulated the expression of their putative target genes SPL9 and SPL10, consequently promoting the growth and development of the lateral roots.
Physiological and transcriptome analyses of the effects of excessive water deficit on malic acid accumulation in apple
Authors: Wang Ping , Lu Shixiong , Cao Xuejing , Ma Zonghuan , Chen Baihong , Mao Juan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Acidity is a determinant of the organoleptic quality of apple, whereas its regulatory mechanism under water stress remains obscure. Fruit from apple ‘Yanfu 3’ of Fuji trees grown under normal water irrigation (CK), excessive water deficit treatment (DRT) and excessive water irrigation treatment (WAT) were sampled at 85, 100, 115, 130, 145, 160 and 175 days after full bloom designated stages S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7, respectively. DRT treatment reduced the individual fruit weight and fruit moisture content, and increased fruit firmness. The malate content of DRT treatment was higher than that of CK and WAT from stages S1 to S7. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of the transcriptome at stages S4, S6 and S7 indicated that malate anabolism was associated with cysteine and methionine, auxin signaling, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate and pyruvate metabolism. Overexpression of MdPEPC4 increased the malate content in apple calli induced by 4% PEG. Our study provides novel insights into the effects of water stress on the molecular mechanism underlying apple fruit acidity.
An update on inflammation in antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Ambati Amala , Zuo Yu , Knight Jason S. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thrombo-inflammatory disease associated with diverse clinical manifestations in the setting of persistently circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). This review summarizes recent developments in our understanding of the pathogenesis of APS and its various clinical manifestations with a focus on the activation of endothelial cells, complement, and neutrophils.

Recent findings
Elucidating the pathophysiology that leads to the diverse array of clinical manifestations of APS is an area of active exploration. Here, we highlight recent studies that have explored various impacts of endothelial activation and injury in APS, including the promotion of circulating endothelial cells and extracellular vesicles; the association between complement activity and different APS phenotypes, including pregnancy loss; and the relationship between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and high-risk aPL profiles in thrombotic APS. We also call attention to recent work that proposes approaches to mitigating these pathologic changes as potential treatment strategies for APS. Lastly, we highlight promising future directions in APS research, such as multiomics approaches to molecularly stratifying APS patients.

Summary
The identification of novel aspects of pathogenesis and more nuanced approaches to phenotyping patients will hopefully pave the way for developing safer and more effective patient-specific therapeutic strategies for APS.
Projected burden of stroke in China through 2050
Authors: Yao Minghong , Ren Yan , Jia Yulong , Xu Jiayue , Wang Yuning , Zou Kang , Sun Xin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:
Stroke is the leading cause of death in China, and predicting the stroke burden could provide essential information guiding the setting of medium- and long-term health policies and priorities. The study aimed to project trends associated with stroke burden in China through 2050, not only in terms of incidence and mortality but also for prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Methods:
Data on stroke rates in incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs in China between 1990 and 2019 were obtained from a recent Global Burden of Disease study. Demographic-specific trends in rates over time were estimated using three models: the loglinear model, the Lee-Carter model, and a functional time series model. The mean absolute percentage error and the root mean squared error were used for model selection. Projections up to 2050 were estimated using the best fitting model. United Nations population data were used to project the absolute numbers through 2050.

Results:
From 2019 to 2050, the crude rates for all measures of the stroke burden are projected to increase continuously among both men and women. We project that compared with those in 2019, the incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs because of stroke in China in 2050 will increase by 55.58%, 119.16%, 72.15%, and 20.04%, respectively; the corresponding increases in number were 2.19, 34.27, 1.58, and 9.21 million. The age-standardized rate is projected to substantially decline for incidence (8.94%), death (40.37%), and DALYs (43.47%), but the age-standardized prevalence rate is predicted to increase by 10.82%. By 2050, the burden of stroke among the population aged ≥65 years will increase significantly: by 104.70% for incidence, by 218.48% for prevalence, by 100.00% for death, and by 58.93% for DALYs.

Conclusions:
With the aging population in China increasing over the next three decades, the burden of stroke will be markedly increased. Continuous efforts are needed to improve stroke health care and secondary prevention, especially for older adults.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Aerococcus urinae: Recommendations for Empirical Therapy
Authors: Saad Anas , Hailes Jennifer , Jacobs Michael R. , Navas Maria E. 
Published: December 2022

Background
We studied the susceptibility profile of Aerococcus urinae recovered from urinary clinical samples with the aim of providing guidance in the choice of empiric antimicrobial treatment for urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods
We studied stored isolates collected from UTIs of adult male and female VA patients of varying race/ethnicities from January 2019 to January 2021. Susceptibility of antimicrobials in the GPALLF3 Sensititre tray was determined. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration were interpreted based on breakpoints for Aerococcus species as outlined in the CLSI M45 standard and Streptococcus species viridans group or Enterococcus species, as outlined in the CLSI M100 standard.

Results
A total of 64 unique A. urinae isolates were recovered from the stored isolates. All isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, penicillin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, and vancomycin, while 92.1% were susceptible to tetracycline, 63.6% to levofloxacin, and 44.5% to ciprofloxacin.

Conclusions
Our findings lead us to suggest the use of ampicillin, tetracycline, and nitrofurantoin for the empirical treatment of lower UTI caused by A. urinae.
A Case of Multifocal Pneumonia and Bacteremia Due to Streptococcus pneumoniae Complicated by Purulent Pericarditis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Cabanilla M. Gabriela , Jones Erika , Thompson Cecilia M. , Domman Daryl , Lacy Mark D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purulent pericarditis is rare in the antibiotic era. However, if not diagnosed quickly, it may be fatal. We describe a rare case of purulent pericarditis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 4 that originated from multifocal pneumonia complicated by bacteremia in an immunocompetent host.
A Case of Cryptococcal Meningitis Complicated by Postinfectious Inflammatory Response Syndrome in an Apparently Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Miller Dwayvania , Osella Julieta , D’Acunto Victoria , Alper David P. , Gomez Ivette Saveedra , Feinstein Addi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a fungal infection most commonly seen in immunocompromised patients and rarely affecting immunocompetent patients. Cryptococcal meningitis can present with varying complications, such as disseminated disease and neurological complications that include intracranial hypertension, cerebral infarcts, and vision loss. Delayed diagnosis of CM contributes to the disease's mortality in the immunocompetent patient. We would like to present the case of a 27-year-old apparently immunocompetent woman admitted for CM with initial improvement and then neurological decline concerning for cryptococcal–postinfectious inflammatory response syndrome.
Alexithymia and Coping With Stress in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparative Study
Authors: Taskin Yilmaz Feride , Sabanciogullari Selma , Sevimligul Gulgun 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS), which is frequently seen in young adults, affects mental health because of disease symptoms and cognitive disorders. This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of alexithymia and problem- or emotion-focused coping strategies with stress in MS patients, determine the relationship between these variables, and compare the results of MS patients with those of healthy individuals.METHODS:This descriptive, cross-sectional, and comparative study was carried out with the participation of 120 MS patients presenting to a neurology clinic and outpatient clinic of a university hospital and 120 healthy individuals. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the Ways of Coping Scale.RESULTS:The 40.8% rate of alexithymia in the MS patients was higher than that in the healthy individuals (21.7%). Compared with healthy individuals, MS patients use emotion-focused coping methods, such as a lack of self-confidence approach and a submissive approach, more frequently (P< .05). A significant negative correlation was found between the alexithymia and problem-focused coping strategies of MS patients (P< .01).CONCLUSION:Alexithymia is more common in MS patients than in healthy individuals. Alexithymia negatively affects the methods patients use to cope with stress. In the treatment and care of MS patients, nurses should plan interventions for the ability of these patients to recognize and express their emotions and develop positive coping methods.
Study on the Cutoff Value of Backward Walking Speed to Distinguish the Mobility Deficits of Stroke Patients
Authors: Peng Jing , Teng Xiaoqiong , Lin Jing , Guo Junyi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Backward walking speed is an objective index to evaluate motor ability, but it is not clear whether it can screen stroke patients with mobility disorders. This study aims to test the diagnostic efficacy of backward maximum walking speed (BMWS) and backward comfortable walking speed (BCWS) on mobility defects in stroke patients and obtain the cutoff values of them.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of poststroke patients who were hospitalized from July 2021 to January 2022. 98 poststroke patients were selected for 6 functional tests and divided into the high–mobility function group and low–mobility function group byK-means cluster analysis. According to the test results of BMWS and BCWS, the receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to determine the cutoff values and compare the diagnostic efficiency of the 2 indexes.RESULTS: The BMWS of stroke patients was 0.54 (0.29) m/s, and the BCWS was 0.37 (0.19) m/s. Receiver operating characteristic results showed that the cutoff value of BMWS for the diagnosis of mobility impairment in stroke patients was 0.3 m/s, the area under the curve was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.89–0.98), the specificity was 0.86, and the sensitivity was 0.93. The cutoff value of BCWS was 0.27 m/s, the area under the curve was 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.84–0.96), the specificity was 0.91, and the sensitivity was 0.8. There was no significant difference between the 2 indexes in the diagnosis of mobility defects in stroke patients (P> .05).CONCLUSIONS: Backward walking speed is a useful indicator for discriminating stroke patients with mobility deficits. Considering the risks associated with backward walking, BCWS can be used in clinical assessments to guide nurses in the development and implementation of rehabilitation programs.
CMV antiviral stewardship: navigating obstacles to facilitate target attainment
Authors: Jorgenson Margaret R. , Descourouez Jillian L. , Schulz Lucas T. , Saddler Christopher M. , Smith Jeannina A. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Despite the availability of potent antivirals, consensus guidelines and decades of research, cytomegalovirus (CMV) continues to be associated with negative outcomes after solid organ transplant. This has been attributed to postprophylaxis CMV infection and a lack of development of CMV-specific cell mediated immunity (CMI). A shift from a focus on antiviral prevention to a focus on CMI target attainment is needed to improve CMV outcomes after transplantation.

Recent findings
There are many obstacles to CMI target attainment. Antiviral stewardship programs (AVS) have been employed to improve patient outcomes through appropriate antiviral use, reduction of unnecessary exposure and resistance mitigation. By focusing on the patient's unique substrate of conglomerate risk factors and addressing these factors specifically with evidenced based methodology, the AVS can address these obstacles, increasing rates of CMI and subsequently reducing risk of future CMV infection and negative outcomes.

Summary
With its multidisciplinary composition utilizing decades of experience from antimicrobial stewardship principles and practices, the AVS is uniquely poised to facilitate the shift from a focus on prevention to CMI target attainment and be the supporting pillar for the frontline transplant clinician caring for transplant patients with CMV.
How to maximize graft survival
Authors: Lim Mary Ann , Bloom Roy D. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Kidney transplant failure results in significant patient morbidity and mortality, increased financial burden and exacerbates the organ shortage faced by kidney transplant candidates. The different strategies to maximize graft survival in kidney transplant recipients is presented in this review.

Recent findings
Maximizing kidney graft survival requires optimizing immunosuppression, preventing and managing recurrent disease and using general chronic kidney disease strategies to slow allograft injury. Herein, we review: 1) strategies to tailor immunosuppression to the individual patient to avoid over and underimmunosuppression, and avoid immunosuppression-related drug toxicities, 2) latest findings in the following recurrent diseases: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, complement-mediated kidney disease and monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, and, 3) approaches to slow allograft injury including BP control, and the use of antiproteinuric agents and SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Summary
The last two decades has seen significant improvement in allograft outcomes resulting from advances in immunosuppression. With the federal government's renewed focus on kidney disease and transplantation, and recent advances in biomarkers, genetic testing, big data analytics and machine learning, we hope to see further outcome improvements in the next decade.