bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sweat-permeable electronic skin with a pattern of eyes for body temperature monitoring
Authors: Kim Jeong Hyeon , Joe Daniel J. , Lee Han Eol 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHuman-machine interface has been considered as a prominent technology for numerous smart applications due to their direct communication between humans and machines. In particular, wearable electronic skins with a free form factor have received a lot of attention due to their excellent adherence to rough and wrinkled surfaces such as human skin and internal organs. However, most of the e-skins reported to date have some disadvantages in terms of mechanical instability and accumulation of by-products at the interface between the human skin and the device. Here, we report a mechanically stable e-skin via a newly designed pattern named the “eyes.” The ingeniously designed pattern of the eyes allowed mechanical stress and strain to be dissipated more effectively than other previously reported patterns. E-skin permeability of by-product was experimentally confirmed through sweat removal tests, showing superior sweat permeability compared to conventional e-skins. Finally, the real-time monitoring of the body temperature was carried out using our resistive-type thermometer in the e-skin.
Defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses increase the choroidal thickness: a two-year randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chun Rachel Ka Man , Zhang Hanyu , Liu Zhengji , Tse Dennis Yan Yin , Zhou Yongjin , Lam Carly Siu Yin , To Chi Ho 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Myopia control interventions, such as defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses, have been adopted in school-aged children to reduce the prevalence of myopia and its complications. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DIMS spectacle lenses on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SfChT) over a period of two years, as the choroidal response to myopic control is a crucial factor in exploring its potential effect on predicting myopia progression.

Methods
This study involved a secondary analysis of our previous randomized clinical trial. Myopic school-aged children aged 8–13 years were recruited in a two-year study investigating the effect of DIMS spectacle lenses on myopia progression. The treated group received DIMS spectacle lenses (n = 78), while the control group was treated with a pair of single vision (SV) spectacle lenses (n = 80). SfChT was monitored at 1 week, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post lens wear using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and a custom made auto-segmentation algorithm utilizing convolutional neural networks.

Results
SfChT increased significantly after one week of DIMS spectacle lens wear compared to those wearing SV spectacle lenses (adjusted mean change relative to baseline ± SEM at one week; DIMS vs. SV, 6.75 ± 1.52 µm vs. − 3.17 ± 1.48 µm; P < 0.0001, general linear model). The thickness of choroid increased to 13.64 ± 2.62 µm after 12 months of DIMS lens wear while the choroid thinned in SV group (− 9.46 ± 2.55 µm). Choroidal changes demonstrated a significant negative association with axial elongation over two years in both the DIMS and SV groups. Choroidal change at three months significantly predicted the changes in AL at 12 months after controlling the effect of age and gender.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated a significant choroidal thickening in response to myopic defocus incorporated in a spectacle lens after one week of lens wear, sustained over the two-year study period. The results suggested that choroidal changes at three months may help predict changes in axial length after one year.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov. Myopia control with the multi-segment lens. NCT02206217. Registered 29 July 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT02206217
Cloth sharing with a scabies case considerably explains human scabies among children in a low socioeconomic rural community of Ethiopia
Authors: Melese Fekadie , Malede Asmamaw , Sisay Tadesse , Geremew Abraham , Gebrehiwot Mesfin , Woretaw Lebasie , Atanaw Getu , Azanaw Jember , Melese Mihret , Feleke Hailemariam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
In 2020, scabies were integrated into the WHO roadmap for neglected tropical diseases, aimed at ending the negligence to realize the SDGs. Ethiopia has also introduced scabies as a notifiable disease in drought-prone localities since 2015. Many of the previous studies employed study designs that might be subject to bias. Moreover, there is no scientific evidence about scabies in this area. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of scabies among children aged below 15 years in rural Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 942 children in rural kebeles of Lay Gayent District from March through May 15, 2021. A two-stage sampling technique was applied. Data on sociodemographics, housing, water supply and sanitation, children’s personal hygiene, and caregivers’ knowledge about scabies were collected by a structured questionnaire. Data quality was maintained through pretesting, training of data collectors and supervisors, and supervision. An adjusted binary logistic regression was modelled to identify factors associated with scabies. The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was run to check the model fitness.

Results
The prevalence of scabies was 21.5% (95% CI 19.0–24.3). Maternal illiteracy (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.61; 95% CI 1.07–2.43); low household wealth (AOR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.25–3.33); unimproved water source (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.05–2.40); not cleaning a house daily (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI 1.63–3.62); not trimming nails (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.50–3.25); cloth sharing with a scabies case (AOR = 11.77; 95% CI 6.94–19.97); and low caregiver knowledge about scabies (AOR = 2.44; 95% CI 1.64–3.63) were factors associated with scabies.

Conclusions
Scabies remains a significant public health issue among children aged below 15 years in the district. Maternal illiteracy, low household wealth, unimproved water source, not cleaning a house daily, not trimming nails, cloth sharing with a scabies case, and low caregiver knowledge about scabies were factors associated with scabies. Community-wide interventions with prime emphasis on improving maternal education and caregivers’ knowledge about scabies, upgrading household wealth, ensuring a safe water supply, providing healthy housing, and ensuring adequate personal hygiene are warranted.
Household satisfaction and associated factors with community-based health insurance scheme in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Worede Daniel Tarekegn , Tariku Mengistie Kassahun , Asresie Melash Belachew , Shibesh Belayneh Fentahun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes are crucial for households to avoid financial hardship, improve healthcare quality, and engage in health policies. Household satisfaction is a key indicator for assessing healthcare quality and identifying service gaps. However, research on household satisfaction with CBHI in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate household satisfaction and associated factors with CBHI schemes in Ethiopia.

Methods
A comprehensive search of relevant literature was conducted using multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Africa Journal Online, and Ethiopian Universities' institutional open-access online repositories. The search was carried out between January 25, 2023, and February 28, 2023. Twelve primary studies, including eight published and four unpublished, were identified and included in the analysis with a total sample size of 5311 participants. A protocol with the registration number CRD20531345698 is recorded on the Prospero database. Two authors, DT and MK, independently extracted the required data using a standardized form. The extracted data were then analyzed using STATA version 17 software. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test and I2 tests. Finally, a random-effect model was employed to calculate the overall household satisfaction with CBHI and to determine the associated factors.

Results
The meta-analysis showed that the overall household satisfaction with CBHI in Ethiopia was 62.26% (95% CI 53.25–71.21%). The study found regional variations in household satisfaction, with 63.40% in Oromia, 64.01% in Amhara, 49.58% in Addis Ababa, and 66.76% in SNNPs. The study identified several factors associated with household satisfaction and the CBHI scheme, including the availability of drugs (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.47–2.78), friendly services (OR 3.85, 95% CI 1.60–6.10), affordability of premium (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.97–3.63), and knowledge/awareness of CBHI (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.73–3.33).

Conclusions
The study provides valuable insights into household satisfaction with CBHI in Ethiopia, with a considerable proportion of enrolees being satisfied. The finding highlights regional variations in household satisfaction and underscores the need for tailored interventions and monitoring to enhance CBHI sustainability and effectiveness. The results suggest that healthcare providers and policymakers should prioritize the availability of drugs, friendly services, affordable premiums, and education to improve household satisfaction with CBHI schemes.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI shows altered blood–brain barrier function of deep gray matter structures in neuroborreliosis: a case–control study
Authors: Lindland Elisabeth S. , Solheim Anne Marit , Andreassen Silje , Bugge Robin , Eikeland Randi , Reiso Harald , Lorentzen Åslaug R. , Harbo Hanne F. , Beyer Mona K. , Bjørnerud Atle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Main aim was assessment of regional blood–brain barrier (BBB) function by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in patients with neuroborreliosis. Secondary aim was to study the correlation of BBB function with biochemical, clinical, and cognitive parameters.

Methods
Regional ethical committee approved this prospective single-center case–control study. Within 1 month after diagnosis of neuroborreliosis, 55 patients underwent DCE-MRI. The patient group consisted of 25 males and 30 females with mean age 58 years, and the controls were 8 males and 7 females with mean age 57 years. Pharmacokinetic compartment modelling with Patlak fit was applied, providing estimates for capillary leakage rate and blood volume fraction. Nine anatomical brain regions were sampled with auto-generated binary masks. Fatigue, severity of clinical symptoms and findings, and cognitive function were assessed in the acute phase and 6 months after treatment.

Results
Leakage rates and blood volume fractions were lower in patients compared to controls in the thalamus (p = 0.027 and p = 0.018, respectively), caudate nucleus (p = 0.009 for both), and hippocampus (p = 0.054 and p = 0.009). No correlation of leakage rates with fatigue, clinical disease severity or cognitive function was found.

Conclusions
In neuroborreliosis, leakage rate and blood volume fraction in the thalamus, caudate nucleus, and hippocampus were lower in patients compared to controls. DCE-MRI provided new insight to pathophysiology of neuroborreliosis, and can serve as biomarker of BBB function and regulatory mechanisms of the neurovascular unit in infection and inflammation.

Relevance statement
DCE-MRI provided new insight to pathophysiology of neuroborreliosis, and can serve as biomarker of blood–brain barrier function and regulatory mechanisms of the neurovascular unit in infection and inflammation.

Key points
• Neuroborreliosis is an infection with disturbed BBB function.
• Microvessel leakage can be studied with DCE-MRI.
• Prospective case–control study showed altered microvessel properties in thalamus, caudate, and hippocampus.

Graphical Abstract
Dysphagia handicap index and fibre-optic endoscopic examination of swallowing in assessment of dysphagia
Authors: Abdelhamid Nihal Hisham , Elrouby Iman Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOropharyngeal dysphagia is a swallowing disorder characterized by difficulty in transferring foods and/or liquids from the oral cavity to the stomach, affecting safe oral feeding. The main complications caused by dysphagia are tracheobronchial aspiration, pneumonia, malnutrition, and dehydration. Fibre-optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is the first choice for studying swallowing disorders, it is easy to use, very well tolerated, allows bedside examination, and is economic. The dysphagia handicap index (DHI) is a 25-item self-administered questionnaire. It is a noninvasive tool measuring the handicapping effect of dysphagia in three aspects: the physical, functional, and emotional aspects of life, so a patient can rate the impact of his swallowing problem. The aim of this study is to test the correlation between DHI scores and fibre-optic endoscopic examination of swallowing and the ability of DHI to predict penetration and aspiration. For all patients, FEES examination was done as an assessment tool for dysphagia and DHI. Testing the correlation between DHI scores and penetration and aspiration on FEES results in a positive significant correlation, so we can apply DHI as a predictor of aspiration and penetration at medical centres where FEES examination is not accessible.
Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram in a poly-trauma patient undergoing veno venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: our experience in diagnosing pulmonary embolism
Authors: Al Bshabshe Ali , Purushothaman Senthil , Alwadai Nasser Mohammed , Omer Hussam Haider , Palanivel Om Prakash 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an adapted form of the heart–lung machine that provides cardiopulmonary bypass life support for critically ill patients with acute cardiac and/or respiratory failure who are unresponsive to standard medical and surgical therapies. Although ECMO therapy has advanced significantly, complications like thrombosis and bleeding continue to be substantial, necessitating rapid transport of patients to the radiology suite to reveal crucial findings for further treatment plans or care. Even though the low flow rate for veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) support during contrast-enhanced CT is well known, the flow rate for veno-venous ECMO support during CT, especially computed tomography pulmonary angiography, is not well understood. Our case emphasizes that CTPA can be performed safely in trauma patients with ECMO runs and any suspected complications during ECMO runs may delay or worsen the clinical prognosis therefore immediate radiological verdicts may reveal significant findings to plan the treatment accordingly. Also, there were no complications associated with our examinations or transport. Our case highlights that VV-ECMO like VA-ECMO induces flow-dependent alterations in the patient’s circulation due to contrast injections, which might lead to an incorrect interpretation of CTPA. However, CTPA is safe, and bringing down the VV-ECMO flow rate of zero with vigilant monitoring of vitals and ventilation support helps radiologists to predict and interpret the contrast flow based on injection and cannula sites in the diagnosing and evaluation of pulmonary embolism patients with acute respiratory failure during ECMO.
Remdesivir administration for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in ICU and non-ICU patients: outcome and posttreatment differences — the Italian Military Hospital experience
Authors: Sabba Antonio , Pontoni Giancarlo , Santangelo Maria , Rachedi Nadir , D’Ercole Maurizio , Marseglia Bernardino , Fusaro Marcella , Bignami Elena Giovanna , Fontana Costantino 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Four-hundred forty-nine patients affected by Covid-19 were hospitalized at the Rome Military Hospital between March 2020 and July 2022. Depending on the severity of the disease, they were assigned either to the Functional Health Emergency Unit — if suffering from interstitial pneumonia with a clinical manifestation of dyspnea associated with peripheral oxygen saturation  < 92%, and oxygen atmospheric pressure therapy — or to the intensive care unit — if the blood gas-lytic index P/F (ratio between partial pressure of arterial O2 and inspired fraction of O2) was below 150. This prospective observation and monocentric study aim to verify the outcome (healing/death) of early use of remdesivir in pneumonia patients.

Results
The results highlight the importance of the adoption of remdesivir in the initial stages of infection to prevent the systemic spread and viral multiplication and, in the subsequent phase, a cytokine storm resulting in acute respiratory failure and multiorgan failure. The use of the drug in the most advanced stages of the disease is not associated with a real impact on patient outcomes. Therefore, there is a statistically significant correspondence between the early use of remdesivir in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 disease — in addition to guidelines therapies — and a favorable clinical outcome.

Conclusions
This work shows therapeutic efficacy in the first 5 days of intravenous administration of remdesivir, following the loading dose. It is also necessary to underline the different behaviors of the drug when administered late in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, compared to those who only needed low-flow oxygen therapy, whose share of recovery — decidedly relevant — reaches statistical significance.
A Case Study for Critical Reagent Qualification for Ligand Binding Assays Using Equivalence Test Methodology
Authors: Niemuth Nancy A. , Triplett Cheryl A. , Anderson Michael S. , Sankovich Karen A. , Rudge Thomas L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQualifying critical reagents in ligand binding assays by parallel testing of current and candidate reagent lots is recommended by regulatory agencies and industry groups, but specific guidance on the format of reagent qualification experiments is limited. Equivalence testing is a statistically sound approach that is consistent with the objective of critical reagent qualification. We present power analysis for equivalence regions ranging from 1.25- to 1.5-fold multiples of the GM ratio (centered on 1) of current and candidate lots, over a range of assay variability from 5 to 30% coefficient of variation (CV). A 1.25-fold equivalence region can be tested using 6 to 12 plates per lot for assays with up to 15% CV but is not practical for more variable assays. For these assays, wider equivalence regions are justified so long as care is taken to avoid assay drift and the assay remains suitable for the intended use. The equivalence test method is illustrated using historical data from passing and failing reagent qualification experiments. Simulation analysis was performed to support the design of qualification experiments using 6, 12, or 18 plates per lot over a broad range of assay variability. A challenge in implementing the equivalence test approach is selecting an appropriate equivalence region. Equivalence regions providing 90% power using 12 plates/lot were consistent with 1.5σ bounds, which are recommended for equivalence testing of critical quality attributes of biosimilars.
Graphical Abstract
Riluzole Suppresses Growth and Enhances Response to Endocrine Therapy in ER+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Olukoya Ayodeji O , Stires Hillary , Bahnassy Shaymaa , Persaud Sonali , Guerra Yanira , Ranjit Suman , Ma Shihong , Cruz M Idalia , Benitez Carlos , Rozeboom Aaron M , Ceuleers Hannah , Berry Deborah L , Jacobsen Britta M , Raj Ganesh V , Riggins Rebecca B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Resistance to endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer remains a significant clinical problem. Riluzole is FDA-approved for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A benzothiazole-based glutamate release inhibitor with several context-dependent mechanism(s) of action, riluzole has shown antitumor activity in multiple malignancies, including melanoma, glioblastoma, and breast cancer. We previously reported that the acquisition of tamoxifen resistance in a cellular model of invasive lobular breast cancer is accompanied by the upregulation of GRM mRNA expression and growth inhibition by riluzole.

Methods
We tested the ability of riluzole to reduce cell growth, alone and in combination with endocrine therapy, in a diverse set of ER+ invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer–derived cell lines, primary breast tumor explant cultures, and the estrogen-independent, ESR1-mutated invasive lobular breast cancer patient-derived xenograft model HCI-013EI.

Results
Single-agent riluzole suppressed the growth of ER+ invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer cell lines in vitro, inducing a histologic subtype-associated cell cycle arrest (G0-G1 for ductal, G2-M for lobular). Riluzole induced apoptosis and ferroptosis and reduced phosphorylation of multiple prosurvival signaling molecules, including Akt/mTOR, CREB, and Fak/Src family kinases. Riluzole, in combination with either fulvestrant or 4-hydroxytamoxifen, additively suppressed ER+ breast cancer cell growth in vitro. Single-agent riluzole significantly inhibited HCI-013EI patient-derived xenograft growth in vivo, and the combination of riluzole plus fulvestrant significantly reduced proliferation in ex vivo primary breast tumor explant cultures.

Conclusion
Riluzole may offer therapeutic benefits in diverse ER+ breast cancers, including lobular breast cancer.
Free Verse and Prose Rhythm
Authors: Crone J. H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFree verse and prose rhythms, by definition, do not have metrical organizing schemes, but does this mean that rhythm in free verse or prose poems is like speech or prose rhythm? Taking up these questions debated since the advent of modernist free verse more than one hundred years ago, this essay draws on recent critical literary and linguistic findings to formulate a new method for scanning and comparing rhythm in English-language free verse and prose genres. The comparison of six texts suggests that in poetic free verse or prose texts rhythm constructs information-rich, multilevel, context-specific semantic systems in a way that does not occur in the nonpoetic texts. These results contest persisting prosodic theories that free verse and prose poetry are largely written in prose, and suggest that rhythm is a more important generic marker of the poetic function than lineation is.
The Sound of the Reel in Ted Hughes's Birthday Letters
Authors: Lowenthal Jeremy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article presents a mediacentric reading of the autobiographical-lyric (auto-lyric) sound structures of Ted Hughes's 1998 poetry collection Birthday Letters, which broke his decades-long silence on the controversies surrounding his life with and after Sylvia Plath. It explores how Hughes's poems of bereavement adapt the media logics of film, tape, record, and radio not only to understand trauma's complex psychology but also to textually remediate his lost connection with his beloved dead. Rendering Hughes's traumas audible by way of phonotextual analysis, this essay ultimately forwards an ear-sighted approach to poetry of trauma, wherein traumatic memories are often written down to be sounded out by the reading voice and heard—not seen—accordingly.