bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection rate of brain MR and MR angiography for neuroimaging abnormality in patients with newly diagnosed left-sided infective endocarditis
Authors: Kim Seongken , Suh Chong Hyun , Kim Tae Oh , Heo Hwon , Shim Woo Hyun , Kim Sang Joon , Lee Seung-Ah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We aimed to investigate the detection rate of brain MR and MR angiography for neuroimaging abnormality in newly diagnosed left-sided infective endocarditis patients with/without neurological symptoms. This retrospective study included consecutive patients with definite or possible left-sided infective endocarditis according to the modified Duke criteria who underwent brain MRI and MR angiography between March 2015 and October 2020. The detection rate for neuroimaging abnormality on MRI was defined as the number of patients with positive brain MRI findings divided by the number of patients with left-sided infective endocarditis. Positive imaging findings included acute ischemic lesions, cerebral microbleeds, hemorrhagic lesions, and mycotic aneurysms. In addition, aneurysm rupture rate and median period to aneurysm rupture were evaluated on follow-up studies. A total 115 patients (mean age: 55 years ± 19; 65 men) were included. The detection rate for neuroimaging abnormality was 77% (89/115). The detection rate in patients without neurological symptoms was 70% (56/80). Acute ischemic lesions, cerebral microbleeds, and hemorrhagic lesions were detected on MRI in 56% (64/115), 57% (66/115), and 20% (23/115) of patients, respectively. In particular, mycotic aneurysms were detected on MR angiography in 3% of patients (4/115), but MR angiography in 5 patients (4.3%) was insignificant for mycotic aneurysm. Among the 9 mycotic aneurysm patients, aneurysm rupture occurred in 4 (44%), with a median period of aneurysm rupture of 5 days. The detection rate of brain MRI for neuroimaging abnormality in newly diagnosed left-sided infective endocarditis patients was high, even without neurological symptoms.
FCWWO: Fuzzy Chaotic Whale Wolf Optimization for Enhancing Network Lifetime and Minimizing Energy Consumption
Authors: P Vijitha Devi. , Kavitha K. , Usha D. , Kumar T. Ganesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) include several sensors which collect data from their surroundings and transmit it to the destination node. In WSN, sensor nodes operate individually and build the ad-hoc network infrastructure. The observing data perceives the sensor nodes and the data have been sent to the Base Station (BS) with the utilization of gateway and Cluster Head (CH). The WSNs have limited battery power which diminishes the lifetime of the network. The clustering algorithm is one of the efficient solutions that help in improving the WSNs network. Many algorithms were applied in the clustering process in rectifying the issue of NP-hard optimization. But, these algorithms lead to disadvantages namely delay, slow conveyance rate and weak exploitation stage. Therefore, in this paper, a novel Fuzzy Chaotic Whale Wolf (FCWW) optimization is proposed for selecting the optimal CH. The primary goal of our article is to lessen computational complexity with increased network lifetime. The main operation of the CH is gathering information from the sensor nodes and directly communicating with the BS. As compared to other techniques, the proposed FCWW algorithm provides 712 kbps of throughput, 98.8% of packet delivery ratio, network lifetime of 1652 seconds, 35% of energy consumption and 82 ms of end-to-end latency respectively.
Enhancing Supercapacitor Performance through Design Optimization of Laser-Induced Graphene and MWCNT Coatings for Flexible and Portable Energy Storage
Authors: Tariq Hassan , Awan Saif Ullah , Hussain Danish , Rizwan Syed , Shah Saqlain A. , Zainab Sana , Riaz M. Bilal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The field of supercapacitors consistently focuses on research and challenges to improve energy efficiency, capacitance, flexibility, and stability. Low-cost laser-induced graphene (LIG) offers a promising alternative to commercially available graphene for next-generation wearable and portable devices, thanks to its remarkable specific surface area, excellent mechanical flexibility, and exceptional electrical properties. We report on the development of LIG-based flexible supercapacitors with optimized geometries, which demonstrate high capacitance and energy density while maintaining flexibility and stability. Three-dimensional porous graphene films were synthesized, and devices with optimized parameters were fabricated and tested. One type of device utilized LIG, while two other types were fabricated on LIG by coating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) at varying concentrations. Characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and voltammetry, were employed to analyze the fabricated devices. AFM analysis revealed a surface roughness of 2.03 µm for LIG due to laser treatment. SEM images displayed compact, dense, and porous surface morphology. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of graphene and graphene oxide, which was further supported by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data. Raman spectroscopy indicated that the fabricated samples exhibited distinct D and G bands at 1362 cm–1 and 1579 cm–1, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results showed that LIG's capacitance, power density, and energy density were 6.09 mF cm–2, 0.199 mW cm–2, and 3.38 µWh cm–2, respectively, at a current density of 0.2 mA cm–2. The LIG-MWCNT coated electrode exhibited a higher energy density of 6.05 µWh cm–2 and an areal-specific capacitance of 51.975 mF cm–2 compared to the LIG-based devices. The fabricated device has potential applications in smart electronics, nanorobotics, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and wearable and portable electronics.
Comparison of Delayed Bleeding to Immediate Bleeding Following Thyroidectomy
Authors: Lee Jun Sung , Lee Jin Seok , Yun Hyeok Jun , Chang Hojin , Kim Seok-Mo , Lee Yong Sang , Chang Hang-Seok 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
It is important to identify risk factors for post-thyroidectomy bleeding requiring airway intervention or reoperation. Therefore, we aimed to compare the characteristics of patients with postoperative bleeding after thyroid surgery according to the period until reoperation.
Method
We conducted a retrospective study analyzing data between April 2009 and July 2022 and included 126 patients who had postoperative bleeding. The patients were grouped according to the period between thyroidectomy and reoperation due to bleeding (0 day, 1–7 days, > 7 days). We performed among-group comparisons of patient characteristics and surgical aspects, including the extent of surgery.
Results
The ratios of male-female and lateral neck dissection were higher in the post-operative bleeding group than in the group without bleeding. In the analysis of patients with postoperative bleeding, grouped according to period between thyroidectomy and reoperation, there was a significant among-group difference in the male-female ratio. The male sex was positively correlated with the reoperation period. Further, the reoperation period was also positively correlated with total thyroidectomy and lateral neck dissection and the operation time showed a significant among-group difference.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that the male sex and lateral neck dissection are risk factors for postoperative bleeding after thyroidectomy. Furthermore, male sex, total thyroidectomy, and lateral neck dissection are risk factors for delayed bleeding. Therefore, clinicians should consider these factors for interventions against immediate or delayed bleeding after thyroidectomy.
Improving assessment quality of soil natural attenuation capacity at the point and regional scales
Authors: Guang Xu , Qu Mingkai , Liu Maosheng , Chen Jian , Zhao Yongcun , Huang Biao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Soil natural attenuation capacity (NAC) is an important ecosystem service that maintains a clean environment for organisms in the soil, which in turn supports other services. However, spatially varying indicator weights were rarely considered in the traditionally-used soil NAC assessment model (e.g., ecosystem-service performance model) at the point scale. Moreover, in the spatial simulation of soil NAC, the traditionally-used geostatistical models were usually susceptible to spatial outliers and ignore valuable auxiliary information (e.g., land-use types). This study first proposed a novel soil NAC assessment method based on the ecosystem-service performance model and moving window-entropy weight method (MW-EW) (NACMW−EW). Next, NACMW−EW was used to assess soil NAC in the study area in Guixi City, China, and further compared with the traditionally-used NAC and NACEW. Then, robust sequential Gaussian simulation with land-use types (RSGS-LU) was established for the spatial simulation of NACMW−EW and compared with the traditionally-used SGS, SGS-LU, and RSGS. Last, soil NAC’s spatial uncertainty was evaluated based on the 1000 simulations generated by RSGS-LU. The results showed that: (i) MW-EW effectively revealed the spatially varying indicator weights but EW couldn’t; (ii) NACMW−EW obtained more reasonable results than NAC and NACEW; (iii) RSGS-LU (RMSE = 0.118, MAE = 0.089) generated higher spatial simulation accuracy than SGS-LU (RMSE = 0.123, MAE = 0.092), RSGS (RMSE = 0.132, MAE = 0.096), and SGS (RMSE = 0.135, MAE = 0.099); (iv) the relatively high (P[NACMW−EW(u) > 0.57] ≥ 0.95) and low (P[NACMW−EW(u) > 0.57] ≤ 0.05) threshold-exceeding probability areas were mainly located in the south and east part of the study area, respectively. It is concluded that the proposed methods were effective tools for soil NAC assessment at the point and regional scales, and the results provided accurate spatial decision support for soil ecosystem service management.
HitSim: An Efficient Algorithm for Single-Source and Top-k SimRank Computation
Authors: Bai Jing , Zhou Junfeng , Chen Shuotong , Du Ming , Chen Ziyang , Min Mengtao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

SimRank is a widely-used metric for evaluating vertex similarity based on graph topology, with diverse applications such as large-scale graph mining and natural language processing. The objective of the single-source and top-k SimRank query problem is to retrieve the k vertices with the largest SimRank to the source vertex. However, existing algorithms suffer from inefficiency as they require computing SimRank for all vertices to retrieve the top-k results. To address this issue, we propose an algorithm named HitSim that utilizes a branch and bound strategy for the single-source and top-k query. HitSim initially partitions vertices into distinct sets based on their shortest-meeting lengths to the source vertex. Subsequently, it computes the upper bound of SimRank for each set. If the upper bound of a set is no larger than the minimum value of the current top-k results, HitSim efficiently batch prunes the unpromising vertices within the set. However, in scenarios where the graph becomes dense, certain sets with large upper bounds may contain numerous vertices with small SimRank, leading to redundant overhead when processing these vertices. To address this issue, we propose an optimized algorithm named HitSim-OPT that computes the upper bound of SimRank for each vertex instead of each set, resulting in a fine-grained and efficient pruning process. The experimental results conducted on six real-world datasets demonstrate the performance of our algorithms in efficiently addressing the single-source and top-k query problem.
Efficacy of adjuvant Photobiomodulation with Acyclovir in herpes simplex virus type 1 recurrence ulcers treatment, a single-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Seyyedi Seyyed Amir , Gobaran Zahra Mirzaei , yekani Sepideh , Taram Saman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to determine the effect of Photobiomodulation (PBM) in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL), one of the most common herpes simplex virus type 1 infections.
Material and Methods
In this single-blind randomized clinical trial, Twenty-four symptomatic patients with RHL were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated into the case (received 1% acyclovir cream with PBM 5 times a day for 5 days and control groups who received acyclovir cream similar to the regimen of the treatment group without PBM. The size of the lesions, and pain intensity (based on a visual analogue scale) were considered as the outcome.
Results
Our findings suggested that, pain intensity 48 hours and 72 hours after treatment in case group were significantly p < 0.001). The lesion’s size was significantly reduced on the 7th and 10th days in the case group (p < 0.05). Patients in the treatment group were significantly more satisfied with their treatment process = group (p = 0.008).
Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that LLLP in addition with acyclovir cream could be more efficient in treating pain intensity, lesion size, and recovery time in patients treated with recurrent herpes labialis infection.
Clinical Relevance:
Low laser therapy can be used as an adjuvant therapeutic tool in combination with Acyclovir in patients with Recurrent Herpes Labialis
Gamma-ray Induced Putative Mutants derived from Trichoderma atroviride (T-14) Stimulating Plant Growth through Enhanced Siderophore production, Phosphate solubilisation, ACCd activity and IAA production
Authors: Sahu Sandhya , Mahilang Amit , Agrawal Toshy , IRRI U S Singh , Kotasthane Anil S. , Zaidi Najam Waris 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Filamentous fungi Trichoderma are well known for its opportunistic lifestyle that displays a remarkable range of interactions with plants, ability to antagonize plant-pathogenic fungi, stimulate plant growth and defence responses. Gamma-ray induced genetic diversity which also results in mutant progenies and therefore forms the basis for strain improvement for traits imparting antagonistic effect as well as plant growth promoting activity. One hundred and seventy putative variants were derived from Gamma-ray irradiation of wildtype Trichoderma atroviride (T-14). Putative T. atroviride (T-14) derived variants displayed variation in cultural characteristics and through biochemical screens we were able to identify mutants which were superior siderophore and chitinase producers, phosphate solubilizers, and with improved ACC deaminase activities. Identification of superior T. atroviride (T-14) derived putative variants with chitinases, phosphatases, cellulases, ACCd, siderophore producing ability suggest the possibilities of strain improvement of T. atroviride (T-14) through gamma irradiation. Identified superior putative variants of (T-14) were also able to significantly stimulate the plant growth and can be exploited as for commercial production useful for farmers.
Intermittent hypoxia training effectively protects against cognitive decline caused by acute hypoxia exposure
Authors: Zhang Guangbo , Yang Guochun , Zhou Yanzhao , Cao Zhengtao , Yin Ming , Ma Lin , Fan Ming , Zhao Yong-Qi , Zhu Lingling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) is a promising approach that has been used to induce acclimatization to hypoxia and subsequently lower the risk of developing acute mountain sickness (AMS). However, the effects of IHT on cognitive and cerebrovascular function after acute hypoxia exposure have not been characterized. In the present study, we first confirmed that the simplified IHT paradigm was effective at relieving AMS at 4300 m. Second, we found that IHT improved participants’ cognitive and neural alterations when they were exposed to hypoxia. Specifically, impaired working memory performance, decreased conflict control function, impaired cognitive control and aggravated mental fatigue induced by acute hypoxia exposure were significantly alleviated in the IHT group. Furthermore, a reversal of brain swelling induced by acute hypoxia exposure was visualized in the IHT group using magnetic resonance imaging. An increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) was observed in multiple brain regions of the IHT group after hypoxia exposure as compared with the control group. Based on these findings, the simplified IHT paradigm might facilitate hypoxia acclimatization, alleviate AMS symptoms, and increase CBF in multiple brain regions, thus ameliorating brain swelling and cognitive dysfunction.
Event-related potential (ERP) evidence for early visual processing differences in children and adults with Cystinosis (CTNS gene mutations)
Authors: Horsthuis Douwe John , Molholm Sophie , Foxe John J. , Francisco Ana A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cystinosis, a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the CTNS gene, is characterized by cystine crystallization and accumulation within multiple tissues, including kidney and brain. Its impact on neural function appears mild relative to its effects on other organs during early disease, but since therapeutic advances have led to substantially increased life expectancy, neurological implications are of increasing interest, necessitating deeper understanding of the impact of cystinosis on neurocognitive function. Behavioral difficulties have been reported in cystinosis in the visual domain. Very little is known, however, about how the brains of people living with cystinosis process visual information. This is especially interesting given that cystine accumulation in the cornea and posterior ocular structures is a hallmark of cystinosis.
Methods
Here, high-density scalp electrophysiology was recorded to visual stimuli (during a Go/No-Go task) to investigate early visual processing in individuals with cystinosis, compared to age-matched controls. Analyses focused on early stages of cortical visual processing.
Results
The groups differed in their initial cortical response, with individuals with cystinosis exhibiting a significantly larger visual evoked potential (VEP) in the 130-150 ms time window. The groups also differed in the associations between neural responses and verbal abilities: While controls with higher IQ scores presented larger neural responses, that relationship was not observed in cystinosis.
Conclusions
The enlarged VEP in cystinosis could be the result of cortical hyperexcitability and/or differences in attentional engagement and explain, at least partially, the visual and visual-spatial difficulties described in this population.
Damage assessment of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Frames subjected to Cyclic Displacement-controlled Loading Condition using Applied Element Method
Authors: Karaka Hemanth Kumar , Tripathi Rajesh Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
When building structures are subjected to extreme loads, such as earthquakes, explosions, crane loads, natural calamities, etc., both the structural and non-structural components suffer significant damage. It is necessary to determine the magnitude of these damages and required to improve upcoming designs and take additional action for the damaged structures. High Strength Concrete (HSC) frames generally have smaller cross-sections of members with high strength and stiffness than Normal Strength Concrete (NSC), with non-structural components like masonry walls playing a crucial part. Masonry walls significantly further increase the stiffness and strength of these slender structures. But because of their brittle nature, structural and non-structural elements abruptly fail under heavy loading circumstances, causing further casualties. Numerous computational techniques, including FEM, XFEM, and DEM, were used better to understand the crack location of RC-framed infill masonry walls. However, these techniques could not identify adistinct damage pattern under extreme operating conditions. The Applied Element Method (AEM) has recently become a powerful numerical tool with acceptable accuracy and processing time for monitoring the development of structural cracks. This study uses AEM to analyse the damage patterns based on displacement-controlled in-plane cyclic loads on single- and multi-storey reinforced concrete frames with and without infill walls. The investigation concluded that the infilled frame has better in-plane lateral load resistance than the bare frame. The multi-storey soft-storey frame resisted a higher load than the multi-storey infilled frame because the slender HSC frames with strong infill induced rapid shear failure at the beam-column connection of the first floor. HSC structures are constantly challenged by the need for a robust infill wall to increase the stiffness of the frames. The AEM results showed that it provided a trustworthy endorsement of the experimental and theoretical findings.
Hybrid Structure-based SPR Sensor for Chemical Sensing with Enhanced Sensitivity
Authors: PASWAN MOHAN KUMAR , Basu Rikmantra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we have proposed a new multilayer structure and investigated its performance as a chemical sensor utilizing surface Plasmon resonance. Our proposed design consists of a Black phosphorus layer sandwiched between a metal layer and a Graphene layer, and Blue Phosphorene/MoS2 heterostructure layers placed over it, and the sensing layer containing the analyte placed on top. A CaF2 prism in the Kretschmann configuration is employed to excite SPR, and the angle interrogation method is used for analysis. Sellmeier equations calculate the reflectivity and other parameters of the multilayer design. We also study the effect of the combination of BP and metal interlayer. Analysis of the proposed design shows significantly improved sensitivity compared to recent SPR based sensors. In this paper, the sensitivity of 466o/RIU is obtained with silver metal, BP, graphene and BlueP/MoS2 Layers SPR sensor.
Characterization of Translation Elongation Factor Methyltransferase 7 (EFM7) Gene Reveals Genetic Variations and Post-Translational Modifications in Sordaria fimicola
Authors: Ilyas Maimoona , Louis Edward J. , Farzand Robeena , Saleem Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a crucial role in modulating protein structure and function. Stressed ecological conditions induce genetic variations at the microscale level and gradually help them to change their genetic makeup. This study aimed to identify and characterize the translation elongation factor methyltransferase 7 (EFM7) gene in six strains of Sordaria fimicola.
Methods Molecular, genetic and in silico analysis of the EFM7 gene of S. fimicola collected from different north and south slopes of Evolution Canyon valley.
Results Analysis of genetic variations revealed 54 sites with differences, resulting in amino acid changes at 16 sites across 9 positions in the protein sequence compared to the consensus sequence. An active domain associated with Sadenosyl-L-methionine methylations and a putative active receptor site for poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase were identified. We predicted 70 potential sites for important PTMs within the EFM7 domain that could enhance its catalytic activity. Acetylation was predicted at 10 sites and methylation was predictedat 13 sites in the south-facing slope (SFS) and north-facing slope (NFS) strains of S. fimicola, respectively. Furthermore, phosphorylation was noticed at 22 sites (including 7 shared sites), O-glycosylation at 21 sites and N-glycosylation at 3 sites in both SFS and NFS strains.
Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the application of molecular and proteomic approaches in unraveling the genetic and post-translational complexity of the EFM7 gene in S. fimicola. Despite the conservation of the EFM7 domain sequence, the observed heterogeneity among strains indicates a potential gradual evolutionary process driven by these variations and modifications.