bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of protein from apricot kernel oil press cake (AKOPC) through innovative techniques and the formulation of supplemented yogurt
Authors: Choudhry Rabbiya , Yasmin Adeela , Aslam Muhammad Arslan , Imran Ali , Ahmad Rabia Shabir , Saeed Farhan , Islam Fakhar , Zahoor Tahir , Shah Mohd Asif , Rasool Adil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe apricot kernel oil press cake (AKOPC) is a high protein natural by‐product of oil mechanical expression with potential uses in cosmetics, medicines, and food. The purpose of this research was to improve the protein extraction process from apricot kernel oil press cake by using enzymatic extraction (EEP), aqueous extraction (AEP), and ultrasound extraction (UEP) process. Protein extraction by AEP was facilitated by a low solid–liquid ratio (SLR) (1:15.97) and prolonged reaction durations (3.30 h), resulting in extraction yields of 68%. When compared to the AEP by similar reaction time, increased enzyme utilization (0.90%) in the EEP resulted in greater protein extraction yields (70%) in a shorter reaction time. In addition to AEP and EEP, ultrasound extraction was also used to improve protein extractability. Temperature (50°C), power density (225 W/L), and extraction duration (20 min) were shown to be the best extraction points. Protein yield was found to be 56.47% at ideal UEP conditions. The experimental values for these reactions were found to be equivalent to the predicted values formed by the mathematical models. When supplementary skimmed milk powder (SMP) was substituted with apricot kernel protein (AKP) in the yogurt manufacturing process, the total solids, average titratable acidity, total protein, and fat contents of the yogurt were increased. In contrast, pH and syneresis values decreased as AKP increased in the resulting yogurt, whether fresh or after 7 days of cold storage. Substitution of additional SMP with AKP in yogurt production might be recommended up to 35%.
Ionic liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of anthelmintic drug residues in small‐stock meat followed by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS detection
Authors: Tshepho Rebagamang , Dube Simiso , Nindi Mathew M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn ionic liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL‐DLLME) of 20 anthelmintic drugs followed and detected by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has been developed, optimized, and validated. The parameters affecting the anthelmintic extraction efficiencies such as selection of extraction solvent (ionic liquids), selection of disperser solvent, volume of extraction solvent, volume of disperser solvent, pH of the aqueous phase, extraction time, salt addition, and centrifugation time were optimized. Validation was conducted according to ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/808 of 22 March 2021. Validation parameters such as calibration function, matrix effect, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), decision limit (CCα), accuracy, and precision were established. Coefficient of determination (R2) values ranging from .99938 to .99995 were obtained using the matrix calibration curve spiked at 0, 0.25, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times MRL. The LODs and LOQs were calculated using the standard deviation of the response and the slopes of the calibration curves ranged from 0.35 to 26.1 μg/kg and from 1.2 to 87.0 μg/kg, respectively, and were dependent on calibration range. The CCα values ranged from 23 to 1022.0 μg/kg and are also dependent on the MRL concentration levels. The coefficient of variation (CV) values calculated are within the reproducibility range of 16%–30% adapted from the Horwitz Equation CV = 2(1–0.5 log C) and ranged from 1.7% to 16.9%. The developed and validated and the standard QuEChERS method were compared. The IL‐DLLME LC–MS/MS method was applied to 32 small stock (18 caprine [goat] and 14 ovine [sheep]) liver samples received from municipal abattoirs at Botswana National Veterinary Laboratory for the analysis of anthelmintic drug residues. The results obtained indicated that the anthelmintic drug residues were all below the detection capability, and therefore, the samples were passed as fit for human consumption.
Development of a three‐dimensional hydrogeological model for the island of Norderney (Germany) using GemPy
Authors: Haehnel Patrick , Freund Holger , Greskowiak Janek , Massmann Gudrun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGeological information is required to parameterize hydrogeological properties in groundwater flow models. Our aim was to provide a hydrogeological model for the island of Norderney, Northwest Germany and the surrounding Wadden Sea for this purpose. The model focuses on Holocene, Pleistocene and Pliocene deposits which are the most relevant to groundwater flow in and around the island's freshwater lens. For these geological units, borehole data was available that allowed us to distinguish between sediments acting as aquifers and aquitards. Conceptual units were derived that comprise the most common stratigraphic and petrographic features into discrete entities. The borehole data was supplemented by maps of the pre‐Holocene surface as well as data from an existing stratigraphic model for deeper geological units. The model was developed and created using the open‐source geological modelling software GemPy. The resulting model contains major hydrogeological units that can be assumed continuous over a larger extent of the model area based on the available data. From the deeper geology, a possible range of locations of the aquifer base below Norderney was extracted. By integrating borehole data, existing geological models and geological interpretations available in the literature, this dataset complements the so far mainly cross‐sectional and partial descriptions of the hydrogeology below Norderney.
Lithological description and provenancing of a collection of bluestones from excavations at Stonehenge by William Hawley in 1924 with implications for the human versus ice transport debate of the monument's bluestone megaliths
Authors: Bevins Richard , Ixer Rob , Pearce Nick , Scourse James , Daw Tim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA rhyolite boulder collected by R. S. Newall in 1924 from an excavation at Stonehenge has been pivotal to arguments concerning glacial versus human transport of the bluestones to Stonehenge. Initial studies suggested that the boulder came from north Wales, and hence was a probable glacial erratic. New petrographic and geochemical analyses however support it being from Craig Rhos‐y‐Felin in west Wales, the source of much debitage recovered from Stonehenge. Examination of the form and surface features of the boulder provides no evidence for it being erratic. Instead, it is considered to be one more piece of debitage probably derived from a broken‐up monolith.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy enhances tumor‐specific T cell immunity in patients with HPV‐associated oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Samaniego Christian , Friedman Jay , Yang Xinping , Badger Christopher , Shaver Timothy , Samankan Shabnam , Thakkar Punam , Goodman Joseph , Joshi Arjun , Allen Clint T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of patients with newly diagnosed HPV‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) results in a high rate of 5‐year recurrence free survival with few patients requiring adjuvant treatment. We hypothesized that NAC enhances primary tumor HPV‐specific T cell responses.MethodsHPV‐specific responses in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) before and after NAC were determined using autologous co‐culture assays.ResultsGreater HPV16‐specific TIL responses, sometimes polyclonal, were observed after NAC compared to before in 8 of 10 patients (80%) with PCR‐verified HPV16‐positive tumors. A significant association was observed between net‐negative change in HPV‐specific TIL response and disease relapse (p = 0.04, Mann–Whitney test), whereas pathologic complete response at time of surgery did not correlate with recurrence.ConclusionsNAC induces HPV‐specific tumor T cell responses in patients with newly diagnosed HPV‐associated OPSCC; whereas lack of an increase following NAC may associate with risk of relapse.
Determining recovery of marine water quality of the Rio Doce using statistical and temporal comparisons with nearby river systems
Authors: Kananizadeh Negin , Wild Michael , Oehrig Jacob , Odle William , Rouhani Shahrokh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Fundão dam breach affected the Rio Doce's estuarine and marine environments with water, tailings, scoured soil and/or sediments, and other debris. Time series and standard exceedance analyses are typically used to assess water quality recovery to baseline conditions after deteriorating water quality events. In the absence of historical measurements, impacts to water quality from the Fundão Event were compared with measurements of nearby rivers. Similar river systems with available water quality measurements were grouped into affected and unaffected estuarine and marine waters. Statistical and temporal comparisons of marine waters unaffected by the Rio Doce with those affected by the Rio Doce were evaluated for systematic differences. Multivariate statistical techniques were also used to assess water quality differences. Our results demonstrate that the Fundão dam breach had a short-term water quality impact on marine waters near the Rio Doce mouth. Principal component and comparative time series analyses clearly demonstrated this impact during the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 wet seasons. The ephemeral effects of the breach, however, did not compromise marine water quality. Exceedances of CONAMA standards for metals remained either at zero or at very low levels during the affected period (&lt;5.7%). Before the start of the next wet season in October 2017, water quality impacts from the Event were statistically indistinguishable from unaffected marine waters, indicating recovery to baseline conditions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:99–116. © 2023 NewFields Companies, LLC. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco
Authors: Valen Håkon , Becher Rune , Vist Gunn Elisabeth , Holme Jørn Andreas , Mdala Ibrahimu , Elvsaas Ida‐Kristin Ørjasæter , Alexander Jan , Underland Vigdis , Brinchmann Bendik Christian , Grimsrud Tom Kristian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this systematic review was to assess cancer risk, and mortality after cancer diagnosis, for exclusive users of Swedish snus, compared with non‐users of tobacco. We followed international standards for systematic reviews and graded our confidence in the risk estimates using the GRADE approach. Our search gave 2450 articles, of which 67 were assessed in full text against our inclusion criteria. Of these, 14 cohort‐studies and one case‐control study were included in the review. The studies investigated risk of cancer in the oral cavity or oropharynx (3 studies), esophagus (1 study), stomach (1 study), pancreas (2 studies), colorectum (2 studies), anus (1 study) and lung (1 study), as well as malignant lymphoma (1 study), leukemia and multiple myeloma (1 study), melanoma (1 study), any cancer (1 study) and mortality after cancer diagnosis (4 studies). Cancer risk could only be evaluated in men as there was a general lack of data for women. All included studies were evaluated to have a moderate risk of bias, mostly related to validity of exposure information. An increased risk of cancer of the esophagus, pancreas, stomach and rectum as well as an association between use of snus and increased mortality after a cancer diagnosis was reported. Our confidence in the various risk estimates varied from moderate through low to very low.
A case of abiraterone acetate withdrawal syndrome after initiation of upfront abiraterone therapy for high‐risk prostate cancer
Authors: Tani Masaru , Hayashi Yujiro , Miki Airi , Wakita Teppei , Horibe Yuki , Kakuta Yoichi , Tsutahara Koichi , Takao Tetsuya 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionTransient decrease in serum prostate‐specific antigen level can occur after abiraterone acetate withdrawal in male patient with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer. Here, we report a case of abiraterone acetate withdrawal syndrome with transient prostate‐specific antigen decrease after progression to castration‐resistant disease while using upfront abiraterone therapy for high‐risk prostate cancer.Case presentationA 73‐year‐old man with hormone‐sensitive high‐risk prostate cancer with multiple bone metastases (prostate‐specific antigen level, 294.109 ng/mL) received upfront abiraterone/prednisolone combination and androgen deprivation therapy. One year later, prostate‐specific antigen level decreased to 0.017 ng/mL (nadir) but it gradually rose by 15 months after treatment initiation. He was diagnosed as castration‐resistant and new bone metastases appeared. After abiraterone was discontinued, prostate‐specific antigen level decreased and stabilized at a low level for 5 months.ConclusionAbiraterone acetate withdrawal syndrome was observed when hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer with upfront abiraterone therapy progressed to castration‐resistant prostate cancer.
Imaging biomarker for quantitative analysis of endometrial injury based on optical coherence tomography/ultrasound integrated imaging mode
Authors: Du Meng , Zhang Jinke , Wang Ting , Fang Jinghui , Su Hanyinghong , Xiao Zhang , Peng Yingao , Liang Xiaowen , Gong Xiaojing , Chen Zhiyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrecise evaluation of endometrial injury is significant to clinical decision‐making in gynecological disease and assisted reproductive technology. However, there is a lack of assessment methods for endometrium in vivo. In this research, we intend to develop quantitative imaging markers with optical coherence tomography (OCT)/ultrasound (US) integrated imaging system through intrauterine endoscopic imaging. OCT/US integrated imaging system was established as our previous research reported. The endometrial injury model was established and after treatment, OCT/US integrated imaging and uterus biopsy was performed to evaluate the endometrial thickness, number of superficial fold, and intrauterine area. According to the results, three quantitative indexes acquired from OCT/US image and HE staining have the same trend and have a strong relationship with the severity of the endometrial injury. Accordingly, we developed three imaging markers for quantitative analysis of endometrial injury in vivo, which provided a precise mode for endometrium evaluation in clinical practice.
Opportunities of measuring hierarchical models of psychopathology
Authors: Pettersson Erik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAll psychiatric phenomena are positively associated, and several different models can account for this observation. These include the correlated factors, network, general psychopathology as outcome, and hierarchical models. Advantages of hierarchical models, which consist of one general and several (general factor‐residualized) specific factors, is that the general factor provides an opportunity to reliably measure global distress and impairment, while the specific factors might improve the ability to discriminate between individuals with different kinds of problems. Nevertheless, other models also have their respective advantages, and it remains challenging to empirically determine which model best accounts for the positive manifold in psychiatry. Instead, I present two non‐empirical arguments in favor of hierarchical models. First, by measuring the general factor in isolation, the specific factors tend to include both favorable and unfavorable correlates, which might reduce stigma compared to psychiatric diagnoses that by and large are associated with only unfavorable outcomes. Second, the general psychopathology factor displays an unusual psychometric property in that it includes symptoms of opposite meaning if they have similar valence (e.g., self‐reported symptoms such as gullible and paranoid, lazy and workaholic, and terrified and apathetic load in the same direction), which one might want to measure in isolation from variance capturing the content of symptoms. I conclude by speculating that tests designed based on hierarchical models might help clinical assessment.
Transcriptome data‐based status of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway indicates heterogeneity and immune modulation in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xie Peng , Tan Si‐Yuan , Li Hai‐Feng , Tang Hao‐Dong , Zhou Jia‐hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer with limited treatment options. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is commonly activated in PDAC and plays a critical role in its progression.Methods and ResultsIn this study, the effect of taselisib (a selective PI3K inhibitor) on PDAC cell proliferation was investigated, and a significant decrease in viability was observed with increasing concentrations of taselisib. Differential analysis on samples from the Genotype–Tissue Expression and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases revealed 24 dysregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway‐related genes (PRGs). Unsupervised clustering‐based analysis of transcriptome cohorts revealed two clusters with high consistency between RNA‐seq and microarray cohorts. Cluster B had higher enrichment of immune cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, and lower levels of immunosuppressive Treg cells. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between drug sensitivity and different clusters and found that cluster A had a better response to PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway‐related inhibitors and chemotherapy. Finally, cluster A exhibited significant activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and related oncogenic pathways, contributing to poor prognosis. The study also developed a risk score based on the expression profiles of PRGs and machine learning, which showed a significant increase in overall survival time among patients in the low‐risk group. Importantly, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway could be used to better predict individual risk scores, as evidenced by stratified survival analysis.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may have therapeutic potential in PDAC, and distinct pathway states, immune modulation and tumor microenvironments have prognostic value.
Anisomycin inhibits the activity of human ovarian cancer stem cells via regulating antisense RNA NCBP2‐AS2/MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling
Authors: Ling Lele , Wen Yichao , Xiong Ying , Liu Xin , Chen Juan , Liu Te , Zhang Bimeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOvarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) are the main cause of relapse and drug resistance in patients with ovarian cancer. Anisomycin has been shown to be an effective antitumor agent, but its mechanism of action in ovarian cancer remains elusive.MethodsCD44+/CD133+ human OCSCs were isolated from human ovarian cancer tissues. OCSCs were interfered with using anisomycin and specific small‐interfering RNA (siRNA). Microarray assay, MTT, in vivo tumorigenic experiments, transwell assay, cell cycle assay, colony formation assay, angiogenesis assay, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to detect the mechanism of anisomycin with respect to inhibiting the activity of OCSCs. Expression of the NCBP2‐AS2/mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway was examined using western blotting, a quantitative real‐time PCR (RT‐qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining. Bioinformatics analysis was used for predictive analysis of NCBP2‐AS2 expression in urogenital tumors.ResultsMicroarray analysis showed that treatment with anisomycin significantly decreased the expression of antisense RNA NCBP2‐AS2 in OCSCs. In vitro cellular experiments showed that interfering with endogenous antisense RNA NCBP2‐AS2 using siRNA distinctly inhibited the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of OCSCs, whereas in vivo animal experiments revealed decreased tumorigenesis in nude mice. Moreover, the results of RT‐qPCR and western blotting demonstrated that both anisomycin treatment and NCBP2‐AS2 silencing led to significant reductions in the mRNA and protein expression levels of NCBP2‐AS2, MEK, ERK and STAT3. From a bioinformatic point of view, antisense RNA NCBP2‐AS2 exhibited significantly differential expression between urogenital tumors and normal controls, and a similar expression pattern was found in the genes NCBP2, RPL35A, DNAJC19 and ECE2, which have similarity to NCBP2‐AS2.ConclusionsAnisomycin suppresses the in vivo and in vitro activity of human OCSCs by downregulating the antisense RNA NCBP2‐AS2/MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway, whereas the antisense RNA NCBP2‐AS2 and genes with similarity have the potential to serve as markers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of urogenital tumors.
Variations of air temperature differences at different temporal scales over the Tibetan Plateau since 1961 and their possible causes
Authors: Lin Jingjing , Zhou Guangsheng , Zhang Qiang , Lv Xiaomin , Fang Feng , Zhao Guannan , Miao Ting 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe air temperature difference is an essential indicator to measure weather and climate change. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a sensitive area to global climate change. The study on its temperature difference variations is of great significance for further understanding the evolution of weather and climate systems, and scientific disaster prevention and mitigation. In this study, the spatio‐temporal evolution characteristics of the temperature difference on daily, monthly, seasonal and annual scales and their possible causes are analysed based on the daily observations at 59 meteorological stations over the TP from 1961 to 2020 and the circulation indexes such as the East Asian summer monsoon, South Asian summer monsoon, midlatitude westerly and TP summer monsoon. The results indicate that the diurnal temperature range (DTR) on the TP tends to decrease from 1961 to 2020. Compared with the situation in the late 20th century, the annual average of the DTR in the eastern TP turns from a nonsignificant increasing trend into a pronounced decreasing trend, while that in the western TP maintains a decreasing trend. This phenomenon is primarily influenced by the minimum and maximum temperature, precipitation and atmospheric circulations. The standardized temperature difference at different temporal scales shows decreasing trends and is distributed in north–south and east–west distribution patterns. The annual temperature range is mainly influenced by the remarkable increase of the minimum temperature, especially in the northern and southeastern TP. Besides, the increases of maximum temperature and precipitation also affect the annual temperature range. In terms of the seasonal temperature range, it is dramatically influenced by different meteorological factors, especially in the northern TP. The monthly temperature range (Mon‐TR) is dramatically influenced by the maximum and minimum temperature in the first and second half years, respectively. Moreover, the circulation systems, such as the midlatitude westerly, South Asian summer monsoon and TP summer monsoon, are the main influencing factors of the temperature difference variations on the TP. The midlatitude westerly have a large influence on Mon‐TR in June and September, and the significantly influenced stations reaches 54.2% and 35.6%. The impact stations of the TP summer monsoon on Mon‐TR is the largest in August, and the significantly influenced stations is 39%. In July, the influenced stations of the TP summer monsoon and South Asian summer monsoon on the Mon‐TR reaches 30.5%–33.9%. The influenced area of the Mon‐TR in June is largest affected by single summer monsoon or westerly index. Previous studies have shown that the warming mechanisms and their influencing factors have changed in the TP since the 21st century. The study results might provide the foundation for a scientific understanding of climate warming on the TP.