bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Body Mass on Running-Induced Changes in Mechanical Properties of Plantar Fascia
Authors: Shiotani Hiroto , Mizokuchi Tomohiro , Yamashita Ryo , Naito Munekazu , Kawakami Yasuo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Shiotani, H, Mizokuchi, T, Yamashita, R, Naito, M, and Kawakami, Y. Influence of body mass on running-induced changes in mechanical properties of plantar fascia. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): e588–e592, 2023—Body mass is a major risk factor for plantar fasciopathy; however, evidence explaining the process between risk factors and injury development is limited. Long-distance running induces transient and site-specific reduction in plantar fascia (PF) stiffness, reflecting mechanical fatigue and microscopic damage within the tissue. As greater mechanical loads can induce greater reduction in tissue stiffness, we hypothesized that the degree of running-induced change in PF stiffness is associated with body mass. Ten long-distance male runners (age: 21 − 23 years, body mass: 55.5 ± 4.2 kg; mean ± SD) and 10 untrained men (age: 20 − 24 years, body mass: 58.4 ± 5.6 kg) ran for 10 km. Before and immediately after running, the shear wave velocity (SWV) of PF at the proximal site, which is an index of tissue stiffness, was measured using ultrasound shear wave elastography. Although the PF SWV significantly decreased after running in runners (−4.0%, p = 0.010) and untrained men (−21.9%, p < 0.001), runners exhibited smaller changes (p < 0.001). The relative changes in SWV significantly correlated with body mass in both runners (r = −0.691, p = 0.027) and untrained individuals (r = −0.723, p = 0.018). These results indicate that a larger body mass is associated with a greater reduction in PF stiffness. Our findings provide in vivo evidence of the biomechanical basis for body mass as a risk factor for plantar fasciopathy. Furthermore, group differences suggest possible factors that reduce the fatigue responses, such as adaptation enhancing the resilience of PF and running mechanics.
Anisotropic Response of an Asphalt Concrete Layer under Superheavy Vehicles: Field Measurements
Authors: Pérez-González Erdrick Leandro , Bilodeau Jean-Pascal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The analysis of the effect of superheavy trucks on flexible pavements depends on the ability to adequately model the mechanical response to these loads considering the magnitude and the unconventional configuration of the axles. The asymmetry of the load distribution can define conditions where stress states are critical outside the commonly used reference points. This paper presents the transverse and longitudinal strains measured in the field on an asphalt concrete layer under the action of superheavy load vehicles at a real scale. Pavement responses to two superheavy trucks were studied in summer and winter conditions and at different speeds. Based on field measurements, the trend of the cross anisotropy response of the asphalt concrete layer is presented.
Amyloid β-Peptide Effects on Glucose Regulation Are Dependent on Apolipoprotein E Genotype
Authors: Sung Jin Hee , Ou Yang , Barger Steven W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) confers the greatest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), wherein the ε4 allele confers an elevated risk compared with the ε3 allele. Biological mechanisms that differ across these alleles have been explored in mouse models wherein the murineApoegene has undergone targeted replacement with sequences encoding human ApoE3 or ApoE4 (ApoE-TR mice). Such models have indicated that the two variants of ApoE produce differential effects on energy metabolism, including metabolic syndrome. However, glucose regulation has not been compared in ApoE-TR mice with and without amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) accumulation. We crossed ApoE3-TR and ApoE4-TR mice with a transgenic line that accumulates human Aβ1-42. In male ApoE3-TR mice, introduction of Aβ caused aberrations in glucose tolerance and in membrane translocation of astrocytic glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Phosphorylation of Tau at AD-relevant sites was correlated with glucose intolerance. These effects appeared independent of insulin dysregulation and were not observed in females. In ApoE4-TR mice, the addition of Aβ had no significant effects because of a trend toward perturbation of the baseline values.
Phase Alignment of Low-Frequency Neural Activity to the Amplitude Envelope of Speech Reflects Evoked Responses to Acoustic Edges, Not Oscillatory Entrainment
Authors: Oganian Yulia , Kojima Katsuaki , Breska Assaf , Cai Chang , Findlay Anne , Chang Edward F. , Nagarajan Srikantan S. 
Published: April 2023

The amplitude envelope of speech is crucial for accurate comprehension. Considered a key stage in speech processing, the phase of neural activity in the theta-delta bands (1-10 Hz) tracks the phase of the speech amplitude envelope during listening. However, the mechanisms underlying this envelope representation have been heavily debated. A dominant model posits that envelope tracking reflects entrainment of endogenous low-frequency oscillations to the speech envelope. Alternatively, envelope tracking reflects a series of evoked responses to acoustic landmarks within the envelope. It has proven challenging to distinguish these two mechanisms. To address this, we recorded MEG while participants (n= 12, 6 female) listened to natural speech, and compared the neural phase patterns to the predictions of two computational models: an oscillatory entrainment model and a model of evoked responses to peaks in the rate of envelope change. Critically, we also presented speech at slowed rates, where the spectro-temporal predictions of the two models diverge. Our analyses revealed transient theta phase-locking in regular speech, as predicted by both models. However, for slow speech, we found transient theta and delta phase-locking, a pattern that was fully compatible with the evoked response model but could not be explained by the oscillatory entrainment model. Furthermore, encoding of acoustic edge magnitudes was invariant to contextual speech rate, demonstrating speech rate normalization of acoustic edge representations. Together, our results suggest that neural phase-locking to the speech envelope is more likely to reflect discrete representation of transient information rather than oscillatory entrainment.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study probes a highly debated topic in speech perception: the neural mechanisms underlying the cortical representation of the temporal envelope of speech. It is well established that the slow intensity profile of the speech signal, its envelope, elicits a robust brain response that “tracks” these envelope fluctuations. The oscillatory entrainment model posits that envelope tracking reflects phase alignment of endogenous neural oscillations. Here the authors provide evidence for a distinct mechanism. They show that neural speech envelope tracking arises from transient evoked neural responses to rapid increases in the speech envelope. Explicit computational modeling provides direct and compelling evidence that evoked responses are the primary mechanism underlying cortical speech envelope representations, with no evidence for oscillatory entrainment.
Estudios de posgrado en América Latina: una mirada al futuro
Authors: Giordani da Silva Carolina , Nolli Bittencourtt Marina 
Published: April 2023

La ciencia se preocupa por la causalidad, buscando comprender la realidad a través de la observación, la verificación y la experiencia. En este sentido, la prueba de hipótesis y la experimentación se consideran métodos científicos. La filosofía se ocupa del propósito de la vida humana, la naturaleza del ser y la realidad, la teoría y los límites del conocimiento, utilizando la intuición, la introspección y el razonamiento como ejemplos de metodologías filosóficas. La ciencia y la filosofía comparten un mismo objetivo, que es aumentar el conocimiento. Así, la ciencia de cualquier disciplina está ligada a su filosofía, la cual proporciona la base para comprender y desarrollar teorías para la ciencia.
Como citar este artículo: Silva, Carolina Giordani; Bittencourtt, Marina Nolli. Pós-graduação na américa latina – um olhar para o futuro. Revista Cuidarte. 2023;14(1):e3141. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3141
Оценка стоимости времени: применение в городской транспортной политике
Authors: Сергиенко Мария 
Published: April 2023

Оценка стоимости времени определяет максимальную цену, которую индивид готов заплатить за получение дополнительной единицы свободного времени при прочих равных. В развитых зарубежных странах такое стоимостное выражение ценности времени в пути активно применяется для экономической оценки эффектов от проектов и инвестиций в транспортную инфраструктуру. В России, однако, использование оценки стоимости времени пока не внедрено в практику. В этой статье это впервые делается на российских данных: проводится оценка стоимости времени для регулярных рабочих поездок по Москве. Опираясь на эмпирические находки зарубежных исследований, автор выделяет факторы, потенциально влияющие на дифференциацию искомого показателя. Помимо времени и стоимости поездки такими факторами являются индивидуальный доход, преодолеваемое расстояние и используемый тип транспорта (личный или общественный). Используется метод заявленных предпочтений, реализуемый в рамках анкетирования, и порядковая логистическая регрессия. Показывается, что максимальная величина, которую готов заплатить среднестатистический работающий в Москве россиянин за одну минуту сэкономленного в поездке времени, при прочих равных составляет 8,25 рубля. Час сэкономленного времени, соответственно, оценивается в 495 рублей. Автор считает необходимым продолжать исследования в данном направлении, совершенствовать методологию поиска показателя и проводить регулярные национальные исследования стоимости времени населения. Это внесет весомый вклад в изучение транспортного поведения населения и сможет повысить эффективность транспортной системы страны в целом.
Investigation of Phosphorus and Potassium Biological Fertilizers on Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Physiological Traits at Different Ages of the Field
Authors: Marani S. , Madani H. , Sharifabad H. Heidari , Manesh Gh. Afshar , Shirzadi M.H. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most productive plant in terms of nitrogen fixation and the suitable amount of protein and carotene has a significant impact on the nutritional quality of alfalfa. Methods: This combined experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during two consecutive years (2019-2020) under the climatic conditions of Jiroft area (Kerman province, Iran). The studied factors included alfalfa age (one, three and five-years old) and bio-fertilizers (Control, Potash-Barvar (KSB), Phosphate Barvar II (PSB), Potash-Barvar + Phosphate Barvar II) (KSB+PSB). The biofertilizers were used along with irrigation water. The studied physiological traits included nitrogen, phosphorus, crude protein, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde (MDA) and sodium amount. Result: The highest amount of crude protein, nitrogen, phosphorus and soluble sugars was observed in three-years old fields under the treatment of bio-fertilizers Potash Barvar + Phosphate Barvar II (KSB+PSB) (37.78%, 9.79%, 0.51% and 324.75% respectively). Unlike other treatments, the highest amount of sodium (0.95%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (83.99 μM g-1FW) was measured for alfalfa in treatment one-years old field under no-fertilizers (control), while the lowest amount of sodium (0.49%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (55.94 μM g-1FW) was observed in treatment five-years old field under bio-fertilizers Potash Barvar + Phosphate Barvar II (KSB+PSB) application.
Dietary selenium peptide supplementation for increasing the growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Muhammad Agus Suprayudi  , Muhammad Roikhan Amanullah  , Dedi Jusadi  , Hasan Nasrullah  , Ahmad Yazid Latif  
Published: April 2023

Selenium is an essential micromineral that the body needs in modest amounts (0.2–12 mg/kg), yet it has important effects on the antioxidant defense, immune system, and digestive performance of aquatic species. This study aimed to analyze the growth of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) supplemented with feed additives containing selenium peptide through the coating method on feed. There were four different treatments, namely K (feed without feed additive), and feed with additive supplementation: A (3 g/kg feed), B (6 g/kg feed), and C (9 g/kg feed). A total of 15 catfish at an initial weight of 21.80 ± 0.29 g were reared in a 90×40×45 cm3 aquarium filled with water at a volume of 108 L, for 45 days. Fish were fed three times a day at satiation. Water quality management was carried out by the use of simple filtration in the container and water replacement to ensure optimum water quality values for catfish growth. The results showed that the final biomass of catfish fed with selenium peptide was significantly different (p<0.05) from catfish fed without selenium peptide, with a value of 1147,50 g and 96,67% of survival rate. Based on this study, the best dose of feed additive in catfish feed was 3 g/kg of feed.
Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, growth, selenium peptide

ABSTRAK

Selenium adalah mikromineral esensial yang dibutuhkan tubuh dalam jumlah sedikit (0,2–12 mg/kg), akan tetapi sangat berperan dalam sistem anti-oksidatif, imunitas, dan kinerja pencernaan pada organisme akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus) yang ditambahkan dengan feed additive mengandung selenium peptida melalui metode coating pada pakan. Terdapat empat perlakuan berbeda, yaitu K (pakan tanpa selenium peptida), dan pakan dengan suplementasi feed additive: A (3 g/kg pakan), B (6 g/kg pakan), dan C (9 g/kg pakan). Ikan lele ukuran 21,80 ± 0,29 g sebanyak 15 ekor dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 90×40×45 cm3 dengan total volume air 108 L, selama 45 hari. Ikan diberi pakan tiga kali sehari secara at satiation. Pengelolaan kualitas air dilakukan dengan filtrasi sederhana serta penggantian air untuk memastikan kualitas air optimal untuk pertumbuhan ikan lele. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biomassa akhir ikan lele dengan suplementasi selenium peptida pada pakan berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol dengan nilai bobot sebesar 1147,50 g dan kelangsungan hidup 96,67%. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dosis terbaik feed additive yang mengandung selenium peptida adalah 3 g/kg pakan pada ikan lele.
Kata kunci: Clarias gariepinus, pertumbuhan, selenium peptida
Kajian Aksesibilitas dan Konektivitas Stasiun Transit KRL Manggarai dan Depok terhadap Jalur KRL Regional Jakarta-Depok
Authors: Pelawi Adjrina Fildzah , Rahayu Paramita , Mukaromah Hakimatul 
Published: April 2023

<p><em>Masifnya pergerakan akibat fenomena urbanisasi pada kawasan perkotaan</em><em> </em><em>Jabodetabek memicu peningkatan permintaan terhadap jaringan transportasi. Permintaan akan jaringan dan moda transportasi kemudian membentuk koridor perkotaan</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>termasuk</em><em> Jakarta-Depok. Berbagai jaringan dan moda transportasi saling terhubung melalui jaringan transportasi lokal yang berkembang. Salah satunya adalah Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) jalur Manggarai-Depok yang memiliki aktivitas komuter yang tinggi. Keberadaan stasiun transit membutuhkan adanya konektivitas dan aksesibilitas lokal yang baik. Jalur Manggarai</em><em>-</em><em>Depok dipilih berdasarkan tingginya jumlah penumpang serta status stasiun yang merupakan stasiun kereta kelas besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, studi literatur, dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang dilakukan adalah teknik analisis spasial </em><em>deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada kajian terhadap tingkat aksesibilitas dan konektivitas kawasan</em> <em>stasiun transit ke titik stasiun sebagai bagian dari jalur transportasi regional KRL Jakarta-Depok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas jaringan jalan lokal pada area delineasi dengan radius 800 m dari stasiun</em><em> </em><em>sangat tinggi. Sementara itu, jaringan jalan primer yang berupa jalan arteri sekunder memiliki nilai yang tinggi untuk Stasiun Manggarai dan memiliki nilai aksesibilitas sedang untuk Stasiun Depok. </em><em>K</em><em>onektivitas yang menghubungkan kawasan delineasi dengan berbagai pusat kegiatan perkotaan pada kawasan yang lebih luas memiliki nilai sangat baik</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>D</em><em>apat dikatakan kedua stasiun transit terhubung dengan baik</em><em>,</em><em> baik secara lokal maupun dengan kawasan perkotaan yang lebih luas. Oleh karena itu, aksesibilitas dan konektivitas </em><em>S</em><em>tasiun Manggarai dan </em><em>S</em><em>tasiun Depok mampu mendukung pergerakan regional pada koridor perkotaan Jakarta-Depok.</em></p>
Long-Term Radiographic and Pulmonary Function Outcomes After Dual Growing-Rod Treatment for Severe Early-Onset Scoliosis
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Hai Yong , Kang Nan , Yang Jincai , Su Qingjun , Liu Yuzeng , Guan Li , Meng Xianglong 
Published: April 2023

Background:We evaluated long-term outcomes (radiographic parameters and pulmonary function) at a minimum follow-up of 5 years after use of dual growing rods (DGRs) to treat severe early-onset scoliosis (sEOS).Methods:Among a total of 112 patients who were diagnosed with early-onset scoliosis (EOS) and were treated with DGRs between 2006 and 2015, 52 patients had sEOS, with a major Cobb angle of >80°. Of these patients, 39 with a minimum follow-up of 5 years had complete radiographic and pulmonary function test results and were included. The Cobb angle of the major curve, T1-S1 height, T1-T12 height, and maximum kyphosis angle in the sagittal plane were measured on radiographs. Pulmonary function test results were collected in all patients before the initial operation (preoperatively), 12 months after the initial operation (postoperatively), and at the last follow-up. The changes in pulmonary function and complications during treatment were analyzed.Results:The mean age of patients before the initial operation was 7.7 ± 1.2 years, and the mean follow-up period was 75.0 ± 14.1 months. The mean number of lengthenings was 4.5 ± 1.3, and the mean interval between lengthenings was 11.2 ± 2.1 months. The Cobb angle improved from 104.5° ± 18.2° preoperatively to 38.1° ± 10.1° after the initial surgical procedure (postoperatively) and 21.9° ± 8.6° at the final follow-up. The T1-S1 height increased from 25.1 ± 4.0 cm preoperatively to 32.4 ± 3.5 cm postoperatively and to 39.5 ± 4.0 cm at the final follow-up. However, no significant difference was detected between the increased pulmonary function parameters at 1 year and those before the operation (p > 0.05), except for residual volume, whereas pulmonary function parameters had significantly increased at the final follow-up (p < 0.05). During the treatment period, 17 complications occurred in 12 patients.Conclusions:DGRs are effective in treating sEOS in the long term. They allow longitudinal growth of the spine, and the correction of the spinal deformity can provide conditions that make improving pulmonary function possible in patients with sEOS.Level of Evidence:TherapeuticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Impaired Immunosuppressive Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes on T cells in Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Wang Shichong , Huo Jiali , Liu Yilin , Chen Lingyun , Ren Xiang , Li Xingxin , Wang Min , Jin Peng , Huang Jinbo , Nie Neng , Zhang Jing , Shao Yingqi , Ge Meili , Zheng Yizhou 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous studies haveverified the dysfunction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for immunoregulation in acquired aplastic anemia (AA) patients. Exosomes derived from MSCs can partially substitute MSCs acting as immune regulator. Dysfunction of exosomes (Exos)derived from AA-MSC (AA-Exos) may play a key role in immunologic dissonance.
Method: In this study, CD3+ T cells were collected and cocultured with AA-Exos and exosomes derived from MSC of healthy donors(HD-Exos). The proliferation, differentiation and activation of CD3+ T cells were detected to compare the immunosuppressive effects between AA-Exos and HD-Exos. An immune-mediated murine model of AA was structured to compare the therapeutic effect of AA-Exos and HD-Exos. Furthermore, total RNA including miRNA from exosomes we purified and total RNA of CD3+ T cells were extracted for RNA-seq in order to construct the miRNA–mRNA network for interactions and functional analysis.
Results: AA-Exos had impaired inhibition effects on CD3+ T cells in terms of cell proliferation, activation and differentiation compared with exosomes from HD-Exos. HD-Exos other than AA-Exos can rescued the AA mice. Importantly, we found some differentially expressed miRNA involved in immune response, such as miR-199, miR-128 and miR-486. The Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed involvement of various cellular processes, such as lymphocyte chemotaxis, lymphocyte migration and response to interferon-gamma, etc. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis illustrated upregulation of critical pathways associated with T cell function after co-culturing with AA-Exos compared with HD-Exos, such as graft-versus-host disease, Th17 cell differentiation, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway, A miRNA–mRNA network was established to visualize the interaction between them.
Conclusion: In summary, AA-Exos had impaired immunosuppressive effect on T cells, less ability to rescue AA mice and differently expressed miRNA profile, which might partly account for the pathogenesis of AA as well as provide a new target of AA treatment.
HIV-1 subtype B Tat enhances NOTCH3 signaling in astrocytes to mediate oxidative stress, inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Gao Lin , Sun Weixi , Zhang Dongmei , Shang Yanxing , Li Li , Tao Wenhua , Zhang Lei , Liu Hongbin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
NOTCH receptors are relevant tomultiple neurodegenerative diseases. However, the roles and mechanisms of NOTCH receptors in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remain largely unclear. Transactivator of transcription (Tat) induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response in astrocytes, thereby leading to neuronal apoptosis in the central nervous system. We determined that NOTCH3 expression was upregulated during Tat expression in HEB astroglial cells. Moreover, subtype B Tat, rather than subtype C Tat interacted with the extracellular domain of NOTCH3 receptor, thus activating NOTCH3 signaling. Downregulation of NOTCH3 attenuated Tat-induced oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, we demonstrated that NOTCH3 signaling facilitated Tat-activated NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby mediating pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α production. Furthermore, downregulation of NOTCH3 in HEB astroglial cells protected SH-SY5Y neuronal cells from astrocytes-mediated Tat neurotoxicity. Taken together, our study clarifies the potential role of NOTCH3 in Tat-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in astrocytes, which could be a novel therapeutic target for relief of HAND.