bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘eat Five a Day’ Vs ‘eat One More’: Increased Fruit and Vegetable Consumption When Goals Are Provided, and When Goals Are More Achievable or Perceived to Be Easier
Authors: Appleton Katherine M , Borgonha Zara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Three studies investigated ‘achievable’ and ‘relevant’ elements of a fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption goal. Study 1 compared more/less achievable goals (Eat 1 more … vs Eat 5 …) and no goal on FV outcomes and potential mechanisms. Study 2 investigated more/less achievable and more/less relevant goals (for current benefit vs future benefit) on FV outcomes and potential mechanisms. Study 3 examined the goals of Study 2 in a real-world setting.
Methods
Studies 1 and 2 used independent-groups designs, involving 92 and 226 participants, respectively. FV outcomes were intentions to consume FV, immediate FV selection and subsequent FV consumption. Variables studied as possible mechanisms, included perceived ease of goal, individual motivations, effort applied, attitudes and self-efficacy. Study 3 used a mixed design involving 10 canteens and 21 4-week FV purchasing assessment periods.
Results
In Study 1, FV consumption was greater after both goals compared to no goal. No differences were found between goals, but FV consumption was positively associated with perceived ease of goal. In Study 2, FV selection and consumption were greater following the more achievable (Eat 1 more …) goals. Several additional variables were also associated with FV outcomes. In Study 3, FV purchasing was greater during goal display, with no differences between goals. No effects of goal relevance were found.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate increased FV consumption when goals are provided compared to no goal. When goals were compared, small benefit was also found for goals that were more achievable or perceived to be easy.
Glaucoma progression due to refraining examination amid the pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Inoue Kenji , Shiokawa Minako , Kunimatsu-Sanuki Shiho , Ishida Kyoko , Tomita Goji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Some patients refrain from seeking an ophthalmologist due to the anxiety and morbidity associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We investigated progressive visual field defects in patients with glaucoma who refrained from ophthalmological examinations.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 886 patients with glaucoma who visited Inouye Eye Hospital in June 2022 and were followed-up prior to January 2020. We examined the number of times patients canceled visits between January 2020 and May 2022 due to coronavirus concerns. We assessed the mean deviation (MD) values of the Humphrey Visual Field Assessment (HFA) program 30 − 2 SITA Standard values after visit interruptions for worsening beyond the MD values predicted by the MD slope. Factors influencing this difference were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results
The study included 374 men and 512 women. The mean age was 68.7 ± 12.0 years. Visit interruptions occurred in 146 patients (16.5%), with 95 (65.1%) rescheduling once, 27 (18.5%) twice, and 24 (16.4%) three or more times. Among 90 patients who underwent HFA regularly, 50 (55.6%) experienced worse-than-expected MD values and 12 (13.3%) deteriorated by 2 dB or more. Longer interruptions and high intraocular pressure before interruption worsened the MD values by 2 dB or more.
Conclusions
Patients with glaucoma with visit interruptions due to the pandemic should be monitored for the progression of visual field impairment.
Equation of state and structural evolution of manganese dolomite (kutnohorite) under high pressures
Authors: Xu Liangxu , Gui Weibin , Shen Kewei , Zhang Dongzhou , Xu Jingui , Liu Jin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Understanding the structural evolution of carbonate minerals with increasing pressure is essential to decoding the role of Earth’s mantle in the global carbon cycle and long-term climate change. Here, we carried out synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements on a natural sample of manganese dolomite [kutnohorite, Ca1.11Mn0.89(CO3)2] in a diamond-anvil cell up to 51.2 GPa at room temperature with neon as the pressure-transmitting medium. The manganese dolomite sample remains stable in the rhombohedral structure from 1 bar to ~13.3 GPa. The equation of state of Ca1.11Mn0.89(CO3)2 was determined: V0 = 334.06 ± 0.29 Å3, K0 = 99.9 ± 4.7 GPa, and K0′ = 4.3 ± 0.9; when K0′ is fixed at 4.0, V0 = 334.04 ± 0.24 Å3, and K0 = 101.4 ± 1.5 GPa. Upon further compression at room temperature, the split and disappearance of diffraction spots were observed. That is, the rhombohedral structure of manganese dolomite becomes highly distorted to lose its long-range order at 13.3–51.2 GPa at room temperature. Moreover, our single-crystal X-ray diffraction results reveal the mechanisms of the reported lattice and internal Raman mode splits of the same manganese dolomite sample approximately at 13 and 24 GPa, respectively. These results suggest manganese-bearing carbonates may play a distinct role in the deep carbon cycle.
Removal of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater using activated carbon prepared from waste tyres
Authors: Kabuba John , Lephallo Joseph 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this work, the removal of ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) on activated carbon prepared from waste tyres was conducted in batch studies as a function of adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, contact time and initial concentration. The pore structure of activated carbon was characterized by N2 adsorption. The optimal conditions for the efficient adsorption of ammonia nitrogen onto waste tyre-activated carbon were found to be an adsorbent dosage of 0.4 g/L, pH 9.0, temperature of 20 °C, contact time of 90 min and initial ammonium nitrogen concentration of 50 mg/L. The kinetics studies showed that the pseudo-second-order model offered the best connection of the adsorption data. The Langmuir model was found to provide the best fit for the experimental data. The thermodynamic results showed that the adsorption of ammonia onto waste tyre-activated carbon was exothermic, random and spontaneous in nature.
Comparison of hybrid machine learning models to predict short-term meteorological drought in Guanzhong region, China
Authors: Li Shaoxuan , Xie Jiancang , Yang Xue , Jing Xin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Reliable drought prediction plays a significant role in drought management. Applying machine learning models in drought prediction is getting popular in recent years, but applying the stand-alone models to capture the feature information is not sufficient enough, even though the general performance is acceptable. Therefore, the scholars tried the signal decomposition algorithm as a data pre-processing tool, and coupled it with the stand-alone model to build ‘decomposition-prediction’ model to improve the performance. Considering the limitations of using the single decomposition algorithm, an ‘integration-prediction’ model construction method is proposed in this study, which deeply combines the results of multiple decomposition algorithms. The model tested three meteorological stations in Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province, China, where the short-term meteorological drought is predicted from 1960 to 2019. The meteorological drought index selects the Standardized Precipitation Index on a 12-month time scale (SPI-12). Compared with stand-alone models and ‘decomposition-prediction’ models, the ‘integration-prediction’ models present higher prediction accuracy, smaller prediction error and better stability in the results. This new ‘integration-prediction’ model provides attractive value for drought risk management in arid regions.
Prediction of calcium phosphate generation and behaviors of metals during phosphorus recovery using a modified thermodynamic model
Authors: Sui Pengzhe , Nishimura Fumitake , Hidaka Taira 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this study, behaviors of metals and their effects on phosphorus recovery by calcium phosphate were investigated by the laboratory and pilot experiments as well as by the modified thermodynamic model. Batch experimental results indicated that the efficiency of phosphorus recovery decreased with the increase in metal content and more than 80% phosphorus can be recovered with a Ca/P molar ratio of 3.0 and a pH of 9.0 for the supernatant of an anaerobic tank in the A/O process with the influent containing a high metal level. The mixture of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) was assumed to be the precipitated product with an experimental time of 30 min. A modified thermodynamic model was developed using ACP and DCPD as the precipitated products, and the correction equations were incorporated to simulate the short-term precipitation of calcium phosphate based on the experimental results. From the perspective of maximizing both the efficiency of phosphorus recovery and the quality or purity of the recovered product, the simulation results showed that a pH of 9.0 and a Ca/P molar ratio of 3.0 were the optimized operational condition for phosphorus recovery by calcium phosphate when the influent metal content was at the level of actual municipal sewage.
Non-coding RNAs in Precursor Lesions of Colorectal Cancer:
Their Role in Cancer Initiation and Formation
Authors: Mohammadpour Somayeh , Noukabadi Fatemeh Naderi , Esfahani Amir Torshizi , Kazemi Fatemeh , Esmaeili Sahar , Zafarjafarzadeh Nikta , Sarpash SeyedKasra , Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad Ehsan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's most common types of
malignancy. The proliferation of precancerous lesions causes this type of cancer. Two
distinct pathways for CRC carcinogenesis have been identified: the conventional
adenoma-carcinoma pathway and the serrated neoplasia pathway. Recently, evidence
has demonstrated the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the initiation and
progression of precancerous lesions, especially in the adenoma-carcinoma pathway and
serrated neoplasia pathway. By expanding the science of molecular genetics and
bioinformatics, several studies have identified dysregulated ncRNAs that function as
oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cancer initiation and formation by diverse
mechanisms via intracellular signaling pathways known to act on tumor cells. However,
many of their roles are still unclear. This review summarizes the functions and
mechanisms of ncRNAs (such as long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, long intergenic
non-coding RNAs, small interfering RNAs, and circRNAs) in the initiation and formation
of precancerous lesions.
Conditioned Media Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease: Current Findings and
Future Challenges
Authors: Firoozi Amin , Shadi Mehri , Aghaei Zohre , Namavar Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder accompanied by a reduction in cognition
and memory. Till now, there is no definite cure for AD, although, there are treatments available
that may improve some symptoms. Currently, in regenerative medicine stem cells are widely used, mainly
for treating neurodegenerative diseases. There are numerous forms of stem cells to treat AD aiming at the
expansion of the treatment methods for this particular disease. Since 10 years ago, science has gained
abundant knowledge to treat AD by understanding the sorts of stem cells, methods, and phasing of injection.
Besides, due to the side effects of stem cell therapy like the potentiation for cancer, and as it is hard
to follow the cells through the matrix of the brain, researchers have presented a new therapy for AD. They
prefer to use conditioned media (CM) that are full of different growth factors, cytokines, chemokines,
enzymes, etc. without tumorigenicity or immunogenicity such as stem cells. Another benefit of CM is that
CM could be kept in the freezer, easily packaged, and transported, and doesn’t need to fit with the donor.
Due to the beneficial effects of CM, in this paper, we intend to evaluate the effects of various types of CM
of stem cells on AD.
Niosomes: A Smart Drug Delivery System for Brain Targeting
Authors: Varshney Sandesh , Alam Md. Aftab , Kaur Awaneet , Dhoundiyal Shivang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Niosomes are lipid-based nanovesicles that have the potential to act as drug-delivery vehicles
for a variety of agents. They are effective drug delivery systems for both ASOs and AAV vectors, with
advantages such as improved stability, bioavailability, and targeted administration. In the context of
brain-targeted drug delivery, niosomes have been investigated as a drug delivery system for brain targeting,
but more research is needed to optimize their formulation to improve their stability and release
profile and address the challenges of scale-up and commercialization. Despite these challenges, several
applications of niosomes have demonstrated the potential of novel nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery
to the brain. This review briefly overviews the current use of niosomes in treating brain disorders
and diseases
Herbal Medicines Genkwadaphnin as Therapeutic Agent for Cancers and
Other Human Disorders: A Review of Pharmacological Activities through
Scientific Evidence
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika 
Published: May 2023

Backgrounds:
Daphnane-type diterpenes are an important class of phytochemicals found
to be present in the family Euphorbiaceae and Thymelaeaceae. It has anti-leukaemic, antihyperglycaemic,
and anti-fertility activities in medicine. Daphne genkwa is indigenous to the
Yangtze River and Yellow River of China. Daphne genkwa contains significant amounts of daphnane-
type diterpenes. Phytochemical analysis of Daphne genkwa led to the isolation of flavonoids,
lignins, coumarins, caffeotannic acids, and genkwadaphnin.

Methods:
Present review highlighted the biological potential of genkwadaphnin in medicine. All
the scientific data of Daphne genkwa, and genkwadaphnin were collected from Google, Google
Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed and analyzed in the present work to know the therapeutic
potential of genkwadaphnin in medicine. Detailed pharmacological activities of genkwadaphnin
were analyzed in the present work through scientific data analysis of various research works.

Results:
Genkwadaphnin is a daphnane diterpene ester molecule mainly isolated from the Daphne
genkwa, Dendrostellera lessertii, Daphne odorata, Gnidia latifolia, and Gnidia glaucus.
Genkwadaphnin has been reported to exert therapeutic potential against hepatocellular carcinoma,
human colon cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, and leukemia. Further, it has a significant role in
innate immunity, melanogenesis, skeletal diseases, inflammatory cytokines, and natural killer cell.
However, pharmacokinetics and metabolomics aspects of genkwadaphnin were also discussed in
the present work. Further, more scientific data on human clinical trials is needed to ensure the safety
and efficacy of genkwadaphnin in medicine.

Conclusion:
In the present work, a successful review had been achieved by the above-mentioned
scientific data, which signified the therapeutic potential of genkwadaphnin in medicine.
Pengaruh Think Talk Write Berbasis Kartu Bergambar terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Biologi
Authors: Riyati Yance , Bustami Yakobus , Julung Hendrikus 
Published: May 2023

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang diperlukan peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) berbasis kartu bergambar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VIII. Pendekatan penelitian ini berupa pendekatan kuantitatif dengan bentuk penelitian quasi eksperimental design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Ketungau Tengah terdiri dari 41 siswa. Sampel adalah kelas VIIIA berjumlah 22 siswa untuk kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIIIB berjumlah 19 siswa untuk kelas kontrol. Instrumen berupa soal esai sebanyak 5 soal untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil analisis deskriptif pada kelas eksperimen menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan nilai rerata kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dari pretest ke posttest sebesar 32.32% dan kelas kontrol sebesar 15.00%. Hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa (p: 0,0000.05). Nilai rerata kelas eksperimen lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran TTW berbasis kartu bergambar lebih mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional.
Workload, Usability, and Engagement with a Mobile App Supporting Video Observation of Methadone Take-Home Dosing: Usability Study
Authors: Idrisov Bulat , Hallgren Kevin A , Michaels Alyssa , Soth Sean , Darnton James , Grekin Paul , Woolworth Steve , Saxon Andrew J , Tsui Judith I 
Published: May 2023

Background
Methadone, a cornerstone of opioid use disorder treatments for many decades, is an essential tool for combatting the opioid epidemic. However, requirements for observing methadone dosing in person through direct observed therapy (DOT) impose significant barriers for many patients. Digital technology can facilitate remote DOT, which could reduce barriers to methadone treatment. Currently, there are limited data on the usability of such technology among patients and counselors in methadone treatment settings.

Objective
The primary objective of this study was to assess the workload, usability, and engagement of a video-based DOT mobile app for patients with opioid use disorder receiving methadone treatment. The secondary objective was to assess the workload, usability, and engagement of the provider-facing app portal used by counselors.

Methods
Patients (n=12) and counselors (n=3) who previously tried video DOT for methadone through a smartphone app in an opioid treatment program participated in usability testing sessions. Participants completed essential tasks for video DOT, then provided ratings of workload (NASA Task Load Index), usability (modified System Usability Scale), and engagement (modified Engagement Scale) with the core features of the video DOT program

Results
Patients and counselors reported low mental, physical, and temporal demands, successful performance, low effort, and low frustration associated with activities. Patients reported high usability (mean 85, SD 9.5) and engagement (mean 3.8, SD 1.1); counselors reported moderate usability (mean 43.3, SD 17.7) and engagement (mean 2.81, SD 0.63).

Conclusions
A mobile health app that facilitates video-based DOT for methadone required a low workload for patients and counselors and was highly usable for patients in an opioid treatment program; however, there are opportunities to improve usability and engagement for the counselor-facing portal.
Investigating the Impact of User Trust on the Adoption and Use of ChatGPT: Survey Analysis
Authors: Choudhury Avishek , Shamszare Hamid 
Published: May 2023

Background
ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) has gained popularity for its ability to generate human-like responses. It is essential to note that overreliance or blind trust in ChatGPT, especially in high-stakes decision-making contexts, can have severe consequences. Similarly, lacking trust in the technology can lead to underuse, resulting in missed opportunities.

Objective
This study investigated the impact of users’ trust in ChatGPT on their intent and actual use of the technology. Four hypotheses were tested: (1) users’ intent to use ChatGPT increases with their trust in the technology; (2) the actual use of ChatGPT increases with users’ intent to use the technology; (3) the actual use of ChatGPT increases with users’ trust in the technology; and (4) users’ intent to use ChatGPT can partially mediate the effect of trust in the technology on its actual use.

Methods
This study distributed a web-based survey to adults in the United States who actively use ChatGPT (version 3.5) at least once a month between February 2023 through March 2023. The survey responses were used to develop 2 latent constructs: Trust and Intent to Use, with Actual Use being the outcome variable. The study used partial least squares structural equation modeling to evaluate and test the structural model and hypotheses.

Results
In the study, 607 respondents completed the survey. The primary uses of ChatGPT were for information gathering (n=219, 36.1%), entertainment (n=203, 33.4%), and problem-solving (n=135, 22.2%), with a smaller number using it for health-related queries (n=44, 7.2%) and other activities (n=6, 1%). Our model explained 50.5% and 9.8% of the variance in Intent to Use and Actual Use, respectively, with path coefficients of 0.711 and 0.221 for Trust on Intent to Use and Actual Use, respectively. The bootstrapped results failed to reject all 4 null hypotheses, with Trust having a significant direct effect on both Intent to Use (β=0.711, 95% CI 0.656-0.764) and Actual Use (β=0.302, 95% CI 0.229-0.374). The indirect effect of Trust on Actual Use, partially mediated by Intent to Use, was also significant (β=0.113, 95% CI 0.001-0.227).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that trust is critical to users’ adoption of ChatGPT. It remains crucial to highlight that ChatGPT was not initially designed for health care applications. Therefore, an overreliance on it for health-related advice could potentially lead to misinformation and subsequent health risks. Efforts must be focused on improving the ChatGPT’s ability to distinguish between queries that it can safely handle and those that should be redirected to human experts (health care professionals). Although risks are associated with excessive trust in artificial intelligence–driven chatbots such as ChatGPT, the potential risks can be reduced by advocating for shared accountability and fostering collaboration between developers, subject matter experts, and human factors researchers.
Effects of Household Waste Disposal on Surface and Ground Waters in the Rapidly Urbanising Mamfe Town (South-West Region, Cameroon)
Authors: Toumba Oumarou , Anumveh Nkemasong N. , Nkongho Nkongho-Takor K. 
Published: May 2023

Huge waste generation by the rapidly growing Mamfe town is posing enormous environmental challenges. This work that aimed at examining the implications of household waste on potable water sources, used the mixed research design, combining descriptive and experimental approaches. Ground (Two wells, one borehole) and surface (two streams) sources were sampled and empirical data for physicochemical parameters (PH, EC, water temperature, TDS, and salinity) of the five water samples were measured in-situ using a multi-meter and complemented by questionnaires and interviews information. Data obtained were analysed using the One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests. Except for the pH, values of 11 of the 12 physical and chemical elements (Temperature, EC, TDS, pH, Ca32+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, NO3 -) were within permissible limits of WHO drinking water standard. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two clusters: EC and TDS; and temperature (?), pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, NO3-, and salinity. Spearman correlation analysis for minor parameters as Temperature, EC, TDS and Cl- and major parameters of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and HCO3,reveals a strong positive correlation between HCO3- and Ca2+, temperature and NO3-. Therefore, municipal authorities are entreated to implement sustainable waste and water management strategies.