bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergence rates for ansatz‐free data‐driven inference in physically constrained problems
Authors: Conti Sergio , Hoffmann Franca , Ortiz Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study a Data‐Driven approach to inference in physical systems in a measure‐theoretic framework. The systems under consideration are characterized by two measures defined over the phase space: (i) A physical likelihood measure expressing the likelihood that a state of the system be admissible, in the sense of satisfying all governing physical laws; (ii) A material likelihood measure expressing the likelihood that a local state of the material be observed in the laboratory. We assume deterministic loading, which means that the first measure is supported on a linear subspace. We additionally assume that the second measure is only known approximately through a sequence of empirical (discrete) measures. We develop a method for the quantitative analysis of convergence based on the flat metric and obtain error bounds both for annealing and the discretization or sampling procedure, leading to the determination of appropriate quantitative annealing rates. Finally, we provide an example illustrating the application of the theory to transportation networks.
Immersive Facility Management—A Methodological Approach Based on BIM and Mixed Reality for Training and Maintenance Operations
Authors: Agostinelli Sofia , Nastasi Benedetto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInnovation technology in industries including manufacturing and aerospace is moving toward the use of Mixed Reality (MR) and advanced tools while Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector is still remaining behind it. Moreover, the use of immersive technologies in the AEC digital education, as well as for professional training, is still little considered. Augmented and Mixed Reality (AR/MR) have the capability to provide a “X-ray vision”, showing hidden objects in a virtual/real overlay. This feature in the digital object visualization is extremely valuable for improving operation performance and maintenance activities. The present study gives an overview of literature about the methodologies to integrate virtual technologies such as AR/MR and Building Information Modeling (BIM) to provide an immersive technology framework for training purposes together with the Digital Twin Model (DTM)-based approach. Furthermore, the Facility Management (FM) tasks’ training on complex building systems can benefit from a virtual learning approach since it provides a collaborative environment enhancing and optimizing efficiency and productivity in FM learning strategies. For this purpose, the technological feasibility is analyzed in the proposed case study, focusing on the realization of a methodological framework prototype of immersive and interactive environment for building systems’ FM. Cloud computing technologies able to deal with complex and extensive information databases and to support users’ navigation in geo-referenced and immersive virtual interfaces are included as well. Those ones enable the DTM-based operation for building maintenance both in real-time FM operators’ training and FM tasks’ optimization.
Digital Infrastructure for Student Accommodation in European University Cities: The “HOME” Project
Authors: Bellini Oscar Eugenio , Gambaro Matteo , Gullace Maria Teresa , Arcieri Marianna , Benito Carla Álvarez , Rommane Sabri Ben , Boon Steven , Figueira Maria F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFinding reliable and safe accommodation is a key obstacle to students’ international mobility. While the European Commission plans a tri-fold increase of Erasmus+ participants by 2027, allowing international students to get suitable accommodation remains one of the main difficulties encountered during the mobility experience. European Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are unable to cover the majority of student accommodation demand. Indeed, as stated by Eurostudent VII Report, only 17% of students in Europe find home abroad in student accommodation facilities. Moreover, in accordance with the Erasmus+ Impact Study 2019, 23% of the students involved in the survey considered very important to have support in finding accommodation abroad during mobility along with insurance and other practical aspects. This contribution explores the first results of the European project HOME (Home of Mobile Europeans). The project, currently ongoing, is funded by the 2019 Key Action 2 Erasmus+ call and developed by six European partners. According to the digital transition planned by the Erasmus+ Programme, HOME supports EU mobility by providing students and trainees with a digitalized infrastructure that integrates the search for accommodation within existing European digital mobility initiatives, such as the Erasmus+ App. Moreover the project defines a set of living “quality labels” to increase the transparency of information about accommodation offer at the European level. Furthermore, educational resources and a training toolkit will be available, in the HOME website, to spread and replicate the project’s learnings results. Once operational, HOME will represent an essential digital solution for a more accessible and quality student accommodation offer.
A “Stepping Stone” Approach to Exploiting Urban Density
Authors: De Martino Raffaela , Franchino Rossella , Frettoloso Caterina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently, there is an increasing need to use ecological-environmental strategies that can contribute to human well-being and biodiversity in urban contexts that are complex systems with an increasingly diverse demand for ecosystem services. This becomes important especially for areas with high urban density which are those that determine the greatest impacts. Recent studies have related the increase of the COVID-19 pandemic to urban density, and the results seem to converge on the hypothesis that the lack of availability of urban space and high population concentration are factors contributing to the spread of disease. However, density constitutes both a problem and an opportunity to creating open spaces on a human scale, favoring the development and articulation of spaces that can more easily creep in and create the necessary conditions both for functional and environmental improvement and for mending the built environment. A dense environment suggests to work according to new logics that, starting from the optimization of existing spaces able to provide ecosystem services, experiment especially the “micro” and “interconnected” formula. The issue of interconnection in cities is complex as the continuity of connections, necessary to ensure the reticularity of spaces, is often inhibited by urban density. The idea is to replace the “structural continuity” with a “functional continuity” according to the “stepping stones” approach, borrowed from the ecology of the landscape. In analogy to the ecological networks approach, therefore, it is proposed to use this logic to enhance existing open spaces and create new ones with the aim of implementing overall urban quality.
Gerinnungsdiagnostik bei Kindeswohlgefährdung
Authors: Olivieri M. , Halimeh S. , Knöfler R. ,   die Ständige Kommission Pädiatrie der Gesellschaft für Thrombose und Hämostaseforschung e. V. (GTH)
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Abklärung unklarer Blutungen bei Verdacht auf Kindeswohlgefährdung mit der Differenzialdiagnostik einer möglicherweise zugrunde liegenden Gerinnungsstörung, aber auch anderer Erkrankungen mit Blutungsneigung und die Interpretation der dafür notwendigen breiten Palette erhobener Laborbefunde stellen Fachkräfte immer wieder vor große Herausforderungen.Fragestellung und MethodikIm Rahmen eines Delphi-Verfahrens wurden 15 Empfehlungen zu hämostaseologischer Mitbeurteilung und Diagnostik bei nichtakzidentellen Blutungssymptomen durch die Mitglieder der Ständigen Kommission Pädiatrie der Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung e. V. (GTH) konsertiert; diese ergänzen die S3-Leitlinie „Kindesmisshandlung“ der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF).SchlussfolgerungFür 14 Empfehlungen konnte ein Konsens (≥ 75 %ige Zustimmung) erreicht werden. Stets sollten eine standardisierte Anamnese und weiterführende Diagnostik durchgeführt werden. Milde erworbene oder angeborene Gerinnungsstörungen führen weder spontan noch im Rahmen von Bagatelltraumata zu bedrohlichen Blutungen, wie z. B. einer Hirnblutung. Die für das Schütteltrauma typischen retinalen Blutungen sind kein Symptom angeborener oder erworbener Gerinnungsstörungen.
Cross-disciplinary system value overview towards value-oriented design
Authors: Lavi Emilia , Reich Yoram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSystems design methods should aim for systems creating value. The decision-making processes in system engineering struggle to optimize this objective; however, even though the traditional concept of system value as a purely economic metric is recognized as deficient, a well-defined and standard conceptualization of comprehensive system value is still lacking. This study set out to facilitate different stakeholders, involved in developing systems, with a broad perspective on value. We define the system value as the system's holistic impact, encompassing the multi-domain effects on processes, environments, and stakeholders. This inclusive view, to be used by practitioners designing systems and policies, is expected to update existing practices and enhance resulting systems. This paper renders an extensive review of value references in multiple domains, both in system engineering and external, non-engineering, disciplines, and sets the foundation for a revised framing of value in systems engineering. To enable future applications for systems optimization, system value is thoroughly characterized, including its dependency on internal and external factors. This research lays the groundwork for problem formulation of a system value measure, its application in system engineering methods, and further analysis of the subject, both for engineered and non-technical systems.
Numerical assessment of interstand tensions in continuous hot rolling processes of flat and long products
Authors: Overhagen Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper deals with the calculation of interstand tensions in continuous rolling mills.In the rolling mill industry, continuous measurement and data collection of roll forces, roll torques, temperatures and roll velocities is possible. However, the important process parameter of interstand tensions is not directly measurable and no direct calculation of the interstand tensions is possible. The interstand tensions couple the effects of subsequent roll gaps and should therefore by known for a holistic recalculation of the process. It is straightforward to calculate the effects of the tensions on roll forces, torques and the stock velocity. The inverse problem of calculating the acting interstand tensions including their effects from the process parameters is of greater interest but also of a higher complexity, because the interactions between all the stands in the rolling mill must be regarded. The present paper aims at filling this research gap by presenting a mathematical model to solve the inverse problem by a linearization of the tensions influences in the rolling mill. The present model does not require measured roll forces or torques to find the interstand tensions, only the rotational velocities of the rolls and the rolling parameters (material, temperature, pass schedule or pass design) must be known. Tension-dependent spread is considered by an empirical sub-model. Results are shown for the tension distributions in strip and rod mills. The results indicate that the present friction conditions and the entry size of the rolled stock have a high impact on the tension distributions.
A Modified Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty: Tarsus Linkage Mechanism
Authors: Lu Xin , Ye Yunyan , Qian Yuxian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Double-eyelid blepharoplasty is the most popular plastic surgery in East Asia. The incisional methods are divided into two schools. The traditional method produces a stable eyelid, but will leave a postoperative scar. The other is represented by “Park,” creating dynamic double-eyelid technology. Its advantage is that there is only mild scarring, but its disadvantages are asymmetry, corneal exposure, and loss of the palpebral furrow. Due to these various complications, we here propose an improved incisional blepharoplasty with the tarsus linkage mechanism.

Methods
This work covers 482 patients who underwent surgery from March 2018 to March 2022. All patients completed 6 months of postoperative follow-up. The basic procedure described here involves removing the pre-tarsal tissue without completely incising the orbicularis and suturing the orbicularis and the tarsus into a unit. This connection provides a more robust and stable eyelid adhesion.

Results
As reported by physicians, 412 patients (85.5%) had satisfactory results, 69 patients (14.3%) had somewhat satisfactory results, and 1 patient (0.2%) had unsatisfactory results. As reported by the patients, 424 patients (88.0%) were satisfied, 57 patients (11.8%) were somewhat satisfied, and 1 patient (0.2%) was unsatisfied.

Conclusion
This study proposes a modified double-eyelid blepharoplasty with the tarsus linkage mechanism. It is suitable for most primary eye cases, particularly in patients with lax upper lid skin and high levels of upper orbital fat.

Level of Evidence V
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
The Identified Skeletal Collection of the School of Legal Medicine: a contemporary osteological collection housed in Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Authors: Villoria Rojas Catherine , Mata Tutor Pilar , Labajo González Elena , Perea Pérez Bernardo , Santiago Sáez Andrés , García Velasco María , Mansour Cindy , Benito Sánchez María 
Published: June 2023

AbstraOsteological collections are an important resource for the development of methods to assist in the study of skeletal remains in archeological and/or forensic contexts. The aim is to describe the current characteristics of the Identified Skeletal Collection of the School of Legal Medicine and its historical context. The Identified Skeletal Collection of the School of Legal Medicine of the Complutense University of Madrid consists of 138 male and 95 female individuals, born between 1880 and 1980 and deceased between 1970 and 2009. The minimum age of the sample is perinatal and the maximum age is 97 years. The collection is an essential tool for forensic research, given that its population characteristics can be extrapolated to those of present-day Spain. Access to this collection offers unique teaching opportunities as well as provides the information necessary to develop various lines of research.
Prevalence of chronic and multisite pain in adolescents and young adults with ADHD: a comparative study between clinical and general population samples (the HUNT study)
Authors: Mundal Ingunn , Schei Jorun , Lydersen Stian , Thomsen Per Hove , Nøvik Torunn Stene , Kvitland Levi R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and chronic pain are prevalent and associated. We examined the prevalence and distribution of chronic pain in adolescents and young adults with ADHD using 9-years longitudinal data (from T1:2009–2011 to T3:2018–2019) with three time points from a clinical health survey compared to two age-matched reference population-based samples. Mixed-effect logistic regression and binary linear regression were used to estimate the probability for chronic and multisite pain at each time point and to compare the prevalence of chronic pain with the reference populations. The prevalence of chronic and multisite pain was high in those with ADHD, especially in female young adults, with highly prevalent chronic pain at 9 years of follow-up (75.9%) compared to 45.7% in females in the reference population. The probability of having pain was only statistically significant for chronic pain in males at 3 years of follow-up (41.9%, p = 0.021). Those with ADHD were at higher risk of reporting single-site and multisite pain compared to the general population at all measurement points. Longitudinal studies should be tailored to further understand the complex sex differences of comorbid chronic pain and ADHD in adolescents, exploring predictive factors of pain assessing long-term associations with bodyweight, psychiatric comorbidities, and possible mechanisms of stimulant use effects on pain.
Controlling the nitrogen environment for optimal Rhodomonas salina production
Authors: Fichtbauer Antonia , Temmink Ralph J. M. , La Russa Marco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe microalga Rhodomonas salina is a widely used species for rearing live feed organisms in the aquaculture feed market. A species-specific medium is an essential step towards enhancing productivity and decreasing production costs for microalgae cultivation. However, relevant aspects of medium composition such as nitrogen source and elemental ratio have not yet been characterized for this alga. This study aimed to optimize the following three aspects of culture media: 1) optimal ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus (N:P ratio); 2) preferred source of nitrogen; and 3) tolerance of R. salina towards free ammonia. To investigate this, we conducted a series of controlled laboratory experiments in shake flasks. Our experiments revealed a 45% increase in growth rate when an N:P ratio of 15:1 was used compared to the standard ratio of 25:1. Ammonium and nitrate were equally well accepted as a nitrogen source, however, a mix of ammonium and nitrate resulted in significant growth reduction. Free ammonia did not affect growth of the alga at the tested concentrations of up to 5 mg ammonia–nitrogen L−1. We conclude that for optimal R. salina cultivation, an N:P ratio of 15:1 is strongly preferred, as it leads to a significant increase in growth rate. Further, media with a single source of nitrogen promote faster growth over media with mixed sources, and ammonium may safely be used as a nitrogen source, since R. salina tolerates certain levels of free ammonia. Overall, this work provides insights into the optimal cultivation conditions for R. salina, allowing for more efficient and reliable production of this relevant species.
The microbial removal of bisphenols in aquatic microcosms and associated alteration in bacterial community
Authors: Noszczyńska Magdalena , Pacwa-Płociniczak Magdalena , Bondarczuk Kinga , Piotrowska-Seget Zofia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe concept of the study resulted from numerous concerns around bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) in aquatic environments. In this study, river water and sediment microcosms highly polluted with bisphenols and bioaugmented with two BPs-removing bacterial strains were constructed. The study aimed to determine the rate of high-concentrated BPA and BPS (BPs) removal from river water and sediment microniches, and the effect of water bioaugmentation with bacterial consortium on the removal rates of these pollutants. Moreover, the impact of introduced strains and exposure to BPs on the structural and functional composition of the autochthonous bacterial communities was elucidated. Our findings indicate that the removal activity of autochthonous bacteria was sufficient for effectively BPA elimination and reducing BPS content in the microcosms. The number of introduced bacterial cells decreased continuously until day 40, and on consecutive sampling days, no bioaugmented cells were detected. Sequencing analysis of the total 16S rRNA genes revealed that the community composition in bioaugmented microcosms amended with BPs differed significantly from those treated either with bacteria or BPs. A metagenomic analysis found an increase in the abundance of proteins responsible for xenobiotics removal in BPs-amended microcosms. This study provides new insights into the effects of bioaugmentation with a bacterial consortium on bacterial diversity and BPs removal in aquatic environments.
Could Mathematics be the Key to Unlocking the Mysteries of Multiple Sclerosis?
Authors: Weatherley Georgia , Araujo Robyn P. , Dando Samantha J. , Jenner Adrianne L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative disease that is driven by immune system-mediated demyelination of nerve axons. While diseases such as cancer, HIV, malaria and even COVID have realised notable benefits from the attention of the mathematical community, MS has received significantly less attention despite the increasing disease incidence rates, lack of curative treatment, and long-term impact on patient well-being. In this review, we highlight existing, MS-specific mathematical research and discuss the outstanding challenges and open problems that remain for mathematicians. We focus on how both non-spatial and spatial deterministic models have been used to successfully further our understanding of T cell responses and treatment in MS. We also review how agent-based models and other stochastic modelling techniques have begun to shed light on the highly stochastic and oscillatory nature of this disease. Reviewing the current mathematical work in MS, alongside the biology specific to MS immunology, it is clear that mathematical research dedicated to understanding immunotherapies in cancer or the immune responses to viral infections could be readily translatable to MS and might hold the key to unlocking some of its mysteries.
Uterus Transplantation as a Surgical Innovation
Authors: Pérez-Blanco Alicia , Seoane José-Antonio , Pallás Teresa Aldabo , Nieto-Moro Montserrat , Calonge Rocío Núñez , de la Fuente Alfonso , Martin Dominique E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUterus transplantation (UTx) research has been introduced in several countries, with trials in Sweden and the United States producing successful outcomes. The growing interest in developing UTx trials in other countries, such as Spain, the Netherlands, Japan, and Australia, raises important questions regarding the ethics of surgical innovation research in the field of UTx. This paper examines the current state of UTx in the context of the surgical innovation paradigm and IDEAL framework and discusses the ethical challenges faced by those considering the introduction of new trials. We argue that UTx remains an experimental procedure at a relatively early stage of the IDEAL framework, especially in the context of de novo trials, where protocols are likely to deviate from those used previously and where researchers are likely to have limited experience of UTx. We conclude that countries considering the introduction of UTx trials should build on the strengths of the reported outcomes to consolidate the evidence base and shed light on the uncertainties of the procedure. Authorities responsible for the ethical governance of UTx trials are advised to draw on the ethical framework used in the oversight of surgical innovation.
The end of COVID-19: not with a bang but a whimper
Authors: Bond Laura , McNicholas Fiona 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The formal announcement of the end of the COVID-19 pandemic by the WHO came on the 5th of May 2023; however, unlike the pandemic onset, the pandemic end date was not met with any significant media coverage or news reporting in Ireland. Additionally, there were no series of contemplations either in newspapers or other media about the impact of the decision to formally end the pandemic despite having financial and legislative impacts on a wide number of people. Given the potential impact of the removal of government subsidies on health and occupations, government and media coverage of the decisions and potential implications would have been helpful. The opportunity for a significant debriefing of the pandemic outlining what we have learned from the COVID-19 pandemic response may have been missed.