bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Three Tonsillectomy Techniques: Cold Dissection, Monopolar Electrocautery, and Coblation
Authors: Kandemir Süheyla , Pamuk Ahmet Erim , Özel Gökçe , Şencan Ziya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction Tonsillectomy is among the most common otolaryngological surgeries.
Objective To evaluate and compare three tonsillectomy techniques: cold steel dissection (CSD), monopolar electrocautery (MEC), and coblation.
Methods The present study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent tonsillectomy between January 2014 and January 2016. Postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, analgesic use, surgical duration, time to return to normal activity, and postoperative bleeding status were noted.
Results The CSD group had less analgesic use and shorter return to normal activity than the MEC group (p = 0.037 and p < 0.001, respectively). The coblation group had lower VAS pain scores than the MEC group only at 1 hour to 4 hours postsurgery (p < 0.016). The postoperative bleeding rate was similar in all groups (p = 0.096).
Conclusion Cold steel dissection tonsillectomy is associated with less postoperative pain and shorter recovery than MEC. Coblation is better than MEC in terms of postoperative pain at 1 hour to 4 hours only, whereas CSD is associated with less postoperative pain than coblation at 2 days to 7 days.
Triple Trouble: Disseminated Penicilliosis in a Cancer patient with COVID-19
Authors: Kamtalwar Sujeet , Mirgh Sumeet , More Ashwini , Gokarn Anant , Dhumal Sachin , Sharma Palak , Lall Sujata , Patkar Nikhil , Shetty Nitin , Chatterjee Gaurav , Rajpal Sweta , Bhat Vivek , Khattry Navin , Gupta Sudeep 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPenicilliosis is a fungal infection caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei or Talaromyces marneffei. Penicillosis is commonly seen in immunocompromised patients such as in HIV(AIDS). Herein, we present a case of penicilliosis in an oral cavity cancer patient who was admitted for the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection at our hospital. A 50-year-old male patient operated on for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity who completed his adjuvant chemoradiation 2 months ago, presented to our hospital with dry cough for more than 3 weeks. His nasopharyngeal swab was positive for the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). During his hospital stay for SARS-CoV-2 infection, he was diagnosed with disseminated penicilliosis. The patient was treated with intravenous antifungals caspofungin and voriconazole. However, he succumbed to disseminated fungal sepsis. This case highlights the need to consider penicilliosis as a possible opportunistic pathogen, especially in immunocompromised patients such as cancer.
Unpacking disinformation as social media discourse
Authors: Farkas Johan , Xia Yiping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we examine the role of Discourse Studies in social media disinformation research. While currently underrepresented, Discourse Studies can provide key insights into why disinformation gains traction through credibility building, tapping into existing political narratives and stereotypes. Discourse Studies, we argue, can also bring much-needed attention to the constitutive role of antagonism in disinformation and to the connection between political practices, power relations and platform designs; aspects that are often overlooked. Drawing on three empirical cases – revolving around the Russian Internet Research Agency, fake Muslim Facebook pages and far-right conspiracy theories disguised as tabloid news – the chapter aims to provide a clearer view of the application of Discourse Studies (in its various forms) to disinformation.
Sexism in digital discourses of women
Authors: Şahoğlu Cemile Tokgöz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The chapter points to implicit sexist codes in digital discourses inadvertently produced by women while supporting cyberactivist movements. Drawing on research on feminism and guidelines in Social Media Critical Discourse Studies, the chapter concentrates on the discursive practices of both Turkish and global cyberactivist movements. It tries to show the roots of micro-power produced by users in the context of cultural differences by comparing two campaigns. #MeToo and #SenDeAnlat hashtags have been chosen and analysed by CDS, considering the impact of a digital interface. The analysis includes using sexist language, e.g., degrading words for the female body; reproduction of traditional unequal social roles, e.g., men as protectors and punishers; victim-perpetrator reversal, e.g., victim-blaming through their physical appearance, dress code, and drinking; and developing strategies for adaptation to a sexist order in public spaces.
Random laser emission from dye-doped polymer films enhanced by SiC nanowires
Authors: Shen Yanli , Shi Bingrong , Zhao Jian , Lv Hao , Wang Maorong , Zhang Shuaiyi , Wang Xia , Li Zhenjiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As the third-generation semiconductor electronic material, silicon carbide (SiC) has good chemical stability and mechanical properties, leading to wide use in optoelectronic components, fiber sensing and detectors. However, there are few important reports on its application in the research of random laser. Hereby, we built a polymer random laser system with SiC nanowires as a scattering medium doped with dye by the spin coating method. The effect of different SiC concentrations on random laser properties and the enhancement mechanism are studied. The lasing intensity increases and threshold decrease in large concentration SiC nanowires at the same lasing system, and the minimum threshold is 20 μJ/pulse. By increasing the SiC concentration, the mean free path of photon scattering decreases, which promotes the photon gain effect and improves the laser performance. However, when the concentration of SiC nanowires is too large, the mean free path of photon scattering decreases further, and the self-absorption of fluorescence radiation emerges. Thus, fluorescence quenching is produced, leading to a negative effect on laser performance. Furthermore, the lasing wavelength can be adjusted by tuning the SiC nanowires concentrations, reaching 14 nm. The random laser enhanced by SiC nanowires is stable and pumped repeatable, which could pave the way to promote the application of SiC and achieve low-cost and high-performance random laser.
An L-shaped and bending-torsion coupled beam for self-adaptive vibration energy harvesting
Authors: Huang Yi , Hu Guobiao , Zhao Chaoyang , Tang Baoping , Mu Xiaojing , Yang Yaowen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Vibration energy harvesting is promising for powering wireless sensor networks for mechanical equipment monitoring. Considering the broadband feature of ambient vibrations, a novel L-shaped self-adaptive piezoelectric energy harvester (LSA-PEH) with a slider is proposed. A linearized mathematical model of the LSA-PEH is established to obtain the relationship between its resonant frequency and the slider position. The maximum resonant frequency that can be achieved by the LSA-PEH is predicted based on the linearized model. The corresponding condition is to fix the slider at around 0.08 m, which is a nodal point. Moreover, the theoretical model explains why the slider moves back and forth when the excitation frequency is 40 Hz. Experimental results show that the slider of the proposed LSA-PEH can passively relocate its position to adjust its resonant frequency and maintain resonance. By the same criteria, the bandwidth of the proposed LSA-PEH is increased by 350% compared to a conventional L-shaped beam harvester.
Roadmap on commercialization of metal halide perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Feng Shien-Ping , Cheng Yuanhang , Yip Hin-Lap , Zhong Yufei , Fong Patrick W K , Li Gang , Ng Annie , Chen Cong , Castriotta Luigi Angelo , Matteocci Fabio , Vesce Luigi , Saranin Danila , Carlo Aldo Di , Wang Puqun , Wei Ho Jian , Hou Yi , Lin Fen , Aberle Armin G , Song Zhaoning , Yan Yanfa , Chen Xu , Yang Yang (Michael) , Syed Ali Asgher , Ahmad Ishaq , Leung Tiklun , Wang Yantao , Lin JingYang , Ng Alan Man Ching , Li Yin , Ebadi Firouzeh , Tress Wolfgang , Richardson Giles , Ge Chuangye , Hu Hanlin , Karimipour Masoud , Baumann Fanny , Tabah Kenedy , Pereyra Carlos , Raga Sonia R , Xie Haibing , Lira-Cantu Monica , Khenkin Mark V , Visoly-Fisher Iris , Katz Eugene A , Vaynzof Yana , Vidal Rosario , Yu Guicheng , Lin Haoran , Weng Shuchen , Wang Shifeng , Djurišić Aleksandra B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent one of the most promising emerging photovoltaic technologies due to their high power conversion efficiency. However, despite the huge progress made not only in terms of the efficiency achieved, but also fundamental understanding of the relevant physics of the devices and issues which affect their efficiency and stability, there are still unresolved problems and obstacles on the path toward commercialization of this promising technology. In this roadmap, we aim to provide a concise and up to date summary of outstanding issues and challenges, and the progress made toward addressing these issues. While the format of this article is not meant to be a comprehensive review of the topic, it provides a collection of the viewpoints of the experts in the field, which covers a broad range of topics related to PSC commercialization, including those relevant for manufacturing (scaling up, different types of devices), operation and stability (various factors), and environmental issues (in particular the use of lead). We hope that the article will provide a useful resource for researchers in the field and that it will facilitate discussions and move forward toward addressing the outstanding challenges in this fast-developing field.
Investigating spatial macroscopic metastability of perovskite solar cells with voltage dependent photoluminescence imaging
Authors: Koutsourakis George , Worsley Carys , Spence Michael , Blakesley James C , Watson Trystan M , Carnie Matt , Castro Fernando A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Metastability is a characteristic feature of perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices that affects power rating measurements and general electrical behaviour. In this work the metastability of different types of PSC devices is investigated through current–voltage (I–V) testing and voltage dependent photoluminescence (PL-V) imaging. We show that advanced I–V parameter acquisition methods need to be applied for accurate PSC performance evaluation, and that misleading results can be obtained when using simple fast I–V curves, which can lead to incorrect estimation of cell efficiency. The method, as applied in this work, can also distinguish between metastability and degradation, which is a crucial step towards reporting stabilised efficiencies of PSC devices. PL-V is then used to investigate temporal and spatial PL response at different voltage steps. In addition to the impact on current response, metastability effects are clearly observed in the spatial PL response of different types of PSCs. The results imply that a high density of local defects and non-uniformities leads to increased lateral metastability visible in PL-V measurements, which is directly linked to electrical metastability. This work indicates that existing quantitative PL imaging methods and point-based PL measurements of PSC devices may need to be revisited, as assumptions such as the absence of lateral currents or uniform voltage bias across a cell area may not be valid.
Natural ventilation versus air pollution: assessing the impact of outdoor pollution on natural ventilation potential in informal settlements in India
Authors: Nihar Kopal , Nutkiewicz Alex , Jain Rishee K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Despite the proven benefits of natural ventilation (NV) as an effective low-carbon solution to meet growing cooling demand, its effectiveness can be constrained by poor outdoor air quality. Here, we propose a modeling approach that integrates highly granular air pollution data with a coupled EnergyPlus and differential equation airflow model to evaluate how NV potential for space cooling changes when accounting for air pollution exposure (PM2.5). Given the high vulnerability of low-income populations to air pollution and the dearth of energy and thermal comfort research on informal settlements, we applied our model to a typical informal settlement residence in two large Indian cities: New Delhi and Bangalore. Our results indicate that outdoor PM2.5 levels have a significant impact on NV potential especially in highly polluted cities like New Delhi. However, we found that low-cost filtration (MERV 14) increased the NV potential by 25% and protected occupants from harmful exposure to PM2.5 with a minor energy penalty of 6%. We further find that adoption of low-cost filtration is a viable low-carbon solution pathway as it provides both thermal comfort and exposure protection at 65% less energy intensity—energy intensity reduced to 60 kWh m−2 from 173.5 kWh m−2 in case of adoption of potentially unaffordable full mechanical air conditioning. Our work highlights ample opportunities for reducing both air pollution and energy consumption in informal settlements across major Indian cities. Finally, our work can guide building designers and policymakers to reform building codes for adopting low-cost air filtration coupled with NV and subsequently reduce energy demand and associated environmental emissions.
Product of difference sets of the set of primes
Authors: Goswami Sayan 
Published: March 2023

In a recent work, A. Fish [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 146 (2018), pp. 3449–3453] proved that if

E

1

E_{1}

and

E

2

E_{2}

are two subsets of

Z

\mathbb {Z}

of positive upper Banach density, then there exists

k
∈

Z

k\in \mathbb {Z}

such that

k
⋅

Z

⊂

(

E

1

−

E

1

)

⋅

(

E

2

−

E

2

)

.

k\cdot \mathbb {Z}\subset \left (E_{1}-E_{1}\right )\cdot \left (E_{2}-E_{2}\right ).

In this article we will show that a similar result is true for the set of primes

P

\mathbb {P}

(which has density

0
0

). We will prove that there exists

k
∈

N

k\in \mathbb {N}

such that

k
⋅

N

⊂

(

P

−

P

)

⋅

(

P

−

P

)

,

k\cdot \mathbb {N}\subset \left (\mathbb {P}-\mathbb {P}\right )\cdot \left (\mathbb {P}-\mathbb {P}\right ),

where

P

−

P

=

{
p
−
q
:
p
>
q
and
p
,
q
∈

P

}

.

\mathbb {P}-\mathbb {P}=\left \{ p-q:p>q\text { and }p,q\in \mathbb {P}\right \} .
Repurposing the mucolytic agent ambroxol for treatment of sub-acute and chronic ischaemic stroke
Authors: Patzwaldt Kristin , Berezhnoy Georgy , Ionescu Tudor , Schramm Linda , Wang Yi , Owczorz Miriam , Calderón Eduardo , Poli Sven , Serna Higuita Lina M , Gonzalez-Menendez Irene , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Herfert Kristina , Pichler Bernd , Trautwein Christoph , Castaneda-Vega Salvador 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmbroxol is a well-known mucolytic expectorant, which has gained much attention in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s and Gaucher’s disease. A specific focus has been placed on ambroxol’s glucocerebrosidase-stimulating activity, on grounds that the point mutation of the gba1 gene, which codes for this enzyme, is a risk factor for developing Parkinson’s disease. However, ambroxol has been attributed other characteristics, such as the potent inhibition of sodium channels, modification of calcium homeostasis, anti-inflammatory effects and modifications of oxygen radical scavengers. We hypothesized that ambroxol could have a direct impact on neuronal rescue if administered directly after ischaemic stroke induction. We longitudinally evaluated 53 rats using magnetic resonance imaging to examine stroke volume, oedema, white matter integrity, resting state functional MRI and behaviour for 1 month after ischemic stroke onset. For closer mechanistic insights, we evaluated tissue metabolomics of different brain regions in a subgroup of animals using ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Ambroxol-treated animals presented reduced stroke volumes, reduced cytotoxic oedema, reduced white matter degeneration, reduced necrosis, improved behavioural outcomes and complex changes in functional brain connectivity. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy tissue metabolomic data at 24 h post-stroke proposes several metabolites that are capable of minimizing post-ischaemic damage and that presented prominent shifts during ambroxol treatment in comparison to controls. Taking everything together, we propose that ambroxol catalyzes recovery in energy metabolism, cellular homeostasis, membrane repair mechanisms and redox balance. One week of ambroxol administration following stroke onset reduced ischaemic stroke severity and improved functional outcome in the subacute phase followed by reduced necrosis in the chronic stroke phase.
Design, construction and performance evaluation of paddy rice solar drum dryer equipped with perforated drum
Authors: Leilayi Maedeh , Arabhosseini Akbar , Kianmehr Mohammad Hossein , Amiri Heman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A solar drum dryer was designed and constructed for paddy drying, including a fixed outer drum and inner perforated drum, which rotated at the desired rotational speed inside the outer drum. The maximum capacity of the dryer was 10 000 g. The rotational speed of the inner drum was controlled. The thermal energy required for the dryer was provided by a solar absorber plate. The dryer performance was examined at three levels of rotational speed (0.21, 0.42 and 0.84 r.p.m.), drum slope (1°, 1.5° and 2°) and air velocity (1.7, 1.8 and 1.9 m.s−1). The diameter of the drum was the geometrical parameter that affected the movement of the particles and the ratio of the particle diameter to the drum diameter changed with the change in the drum diameter. Therefore, increasing the diameter of the drum caused a reduction in the repose angle of the paddy without any effect on the filling angle. The displacement of the product along the drum increased with increasing slope and rotational speed. At the lowest air velocity, the time required to remove moisture (&lt;13%) was less. The results showed a significant reduction in cracked brown rice for the paddy dried by the drum dryer at 43–46°C compared with those dried using a batch dryer. The highest stress-cracking index (11) was observed for the paddy with an initial moisture of 16%. The results showed that for proportional final moisture content, a longer drum should be considered to intensify the slope and rotational speed of the inner drum.
Decomposition analysis of CO2 emissions of electricity and carbon-reduction policy implication: a study of a province in China based on the logarithmic mean Divisia index method
Authors: Yang Fuyuan , Yang Xiaobin , Tian Xueqin , Wang Xinlei , Xu Tong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As the proportion of electricity in final energy consumption gradually increases, CO2 emissions reduction actions in the power system will become the key to achieving China’s carbon-peak and carbon-neutrality goals. It is essential to analyse and quantify the driving forces of CO2 emissions from electricity generation in the fossil-rich area in China. This paper aims to identify the characteristics of CO2 emissions generated by electricity and provide a basis for formulating CO2-reduction policies in power systems. First, we analyse the current state of CO2 emissions from electricity generation in Anhui Province that was dominated by fossil energy during the period 2010–19. Then, we apply the logarithmic mean Divisia index method to find the nature of the factors influencing the changes in CO2 emissions. Finally, we analyse the CO2-reduction measures of each side of the source–network–load–storage of the power system in Anhui through a power-system carbon-reduction path analysis model proposed in this study and provide policy suggestions. The results showed the following. (i) CO2 emissions in Anhui Province continued to increase from 2010 to 2019 and the trend in the growth rate of CO2 emissions presented approximately a u-shaped curve. (ii) Economic activity has always been the dominant factor driving the growth of electricity CO2 emissions. The increase in the proportion of renewable energy in power generation, the improvement in thermal power-conversion efficiency and the decrease in the intensity of power consumption are the three major driving factors for the reduction in CO2 emissions from power generation in Anhui. (iii) The CO2-reduction measures of the power system are provided in each link of the source–network–load–storage, such as developing the photovoltaic industry and building energy storage, upgrading and transforming coal-fired power stations, reducing the loss rate of transmission lines on the grid side and improving the efficiency of the utilization of electricity on the user side.
Triple Combination Therapy With 2 Antivirals and Monoclonal Antibodies for Persistent or Relapsed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Immunocompromised Patients
Authors: Mikulska Malgorzata , Sepulcri Chiara , Dentone Chiara , Magne Federica , Balletto Elisa , Baldi Federico , Labate Laura , Russo Chiara , Mirabella Michele , Magnasco Laura , Di Grazia Carmen , Ghiggi Chiara , Raiola Anna Maria , Giacobbe Daniele Roberto , Vena Antonio , Beltramini Sabrina , Bruzzone Bianca , Lemoli Roberto M , Angelucci Emanuele , Bassetti Matteo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Severely immunocompromised patients are at risk for prolonged or relapsed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), leading to increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of combination treatment in immunocompromised COVID-19 patients.

Methods
We included all immunocompromised patients with prolonged/relapsed COVID-19 treated with combination therapy with 2 antivirals (remdesivir plus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, or molnupiravir in case of renal failure) plus, if available, anti-spike monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), between February and October 2022. The main outcomes were virological response at day 14 (negative Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] swab) and virological and clinical response (alive, asymptomatic, with negative SARS-CoV-2 swab) at day 30 and the last follow-up.

Results
Overall, 22 patients (Omicron variant in 17/18) were included: 18 received full combination of 2 antivirals and mAbs and 4 received 2 antivirals only; in 20 of 22 (91%) patients, 2 antivirals were nirmatrelvir/ritonavir plus remdesivir. Nineteen (86%) patients had hematological malignancy, and 15 (68%) had received anti-CD20 therapy. All were symptomatic; 8 (36%) required oxygen. Four patients received a second course of combination treatment. The response rate at day 14, day 30, and last follow-up was 75% (15/20 evaluable), 73% (16/22), and 82% (18/22), respectively. Day 14 and 30 response rates were significantly higher when combination therapy included mAbs. Higher number of vaccine doses was associated with better final outcome. Two patients (9%) developed severe side effects (bradycardia leading to remdesivir discontinuation and myocardial infarction).

Conclusions
Combination therapy including 2 antivirals (mainly remdesivir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) and mAbs was associated with high rate of virological and clinical response in immunocompromised patients with prolonged/relapsed COVID-19.