bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequência alélica e potencial regulatório de polimorfismos no gene NELL1 em uma população da Bahia – Brasil
Authors: Carneiro Jaiza Kênsuly Moura Pinheiro , Figueiredo Camila Alexandrina , Carlletto Tatiane de Oliveira Teixeira Muniz 
Published: January 2023

Introdução: o gene NELL1 codifica a proteína semelhante ao fator de crescimento epidérmico (do inglês Epidermal Growth factor (EGF)-like). GWASs e estudos de associação com genes candidatos têm sido utilizados ​​para estabelecer a conexão entre polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNP) no NELL1 e diversas doenças. Objetivo: descrever a frequência alélica e o potencial regulador dos polimorfismos do gene NELL1, estudados em uma população de Salvador (Bahia, Brasil) e descrever a frequência desses polimorfismos e a associação com diversas doenças, em populações africana, ameríndia, asiática e europeia. Metodologia: 1094 participantes foram recrutados através do Programa de Controle da Asma e da Rinite Alérgica no Estado da Bahia (ProAR). Os indivíduos tiveram o DNA genômico extraído e genotipado, utilizando-se a plataforma Illumina. Os SNP foram consultados através da plataforma SeattleSec Annotation. As bases de dados NCBI, RegulomeDB e Haploview 4.2 foram utilizadas para as análises. Resultados: foram analisados 346 SNPs do gene NELL1. Desses, 53 SNPs tiveram o MAF variando entre 50% e 40% e função intrônica. Os SNPs rs10833465 (alelo A), rs908944 (alelo C), rs1516766 (alelo A), rs10766739 (alelo G) e rs11025878 (alelo G) apresentam uma pontuação de 3, de acordo com o banco do RegulomeDB. O SNP rs7117671, com pontuação 2b, pode ter impacto regulatório e funcional. 101 SNPs apresentaram o MAF entre 39% e 20%. Dos polimorfismos menos frequentes nessa população, 192 apresentaram um MAF entre 19% e 2%. Discussão: alguns SNPs, com diferentes frequências, apresentaram alta probabilidade de impacto funcional. Foram encontrados, na literatura, estudos de associação dos SNPs e osteoporose, doenças metabólicas, condições inflamatórias, doenças neuropsiquiátricas e tumores malignos. Conclusão: os polimorfismos do gene NELL1 estudados apresentaram diferentes frequências na população desse estudo e tiveram seus alelos associados a doenças em diferentes populações. Sugere-se que sejam realizados mais estudos.
O protocolo ASSYST-RG reduz estresse em profissionais da saúde na pandemia
Authors: Magalhães Samildes Silva , Toralles Maria Betânia Pereira , Jarero Ignácio 
Published: January 2023

Introdução: o aparecimento de casos de COVID-19 acarretou o surgimento de estresse agudo na população em geral, em especial nos profissionais da saúde e, dentre eles, nos de saúde mental, que passaram a ter alta demanda para atendimento a pessoas acometidas de transtornos relacionados a trauma e a estressores, em decorrência de isolamento social, internação hospitalar, óbitos, piora da situação financeira com a perda de emprego, dentre outros. Objetivo: este trabalho, realizado com o Protocolo para Estabilização da Síndrome do Estresse Agudo remoto, em formato grupal, tem por objetivo fornecer os primeiros cuidados psicológicos, visando a reduzir as perturbações e melhorar o funcionamento adaptativo, evitando a evolução para quadros psicológicos mais disfuncionais, como o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). Metodologia: foram selecionados 23 participantes (psicólogos) e todos responderam às escalas de avaliação psicométrica (HADS e PCL-5) antes e depois de duas (2) sessões de terapia on-line (videoconferência), com aplicação do referido Protocolo. Resultados: o modelo de regressão mostra redução média no escore de ansiedade de -2,3 (ep 0,9), com p-valor = 0,0010 (significante); no escore de depressão, média de 1,13 (p=0,125); e no escore de TEPT, redução média de –9,5 (3,3), com p-valor=0,006. Discussão – Os resultados estatísticos revelaram aproximação com os resultados da pesquisa realizada por Becker et al. Assim como esses autores, nenhum efeito adverso foi relatado pelos participantes durante a intervenção, confirmando a eficácia, a viabilidade e a segurança do Assyst-RG. Conclusão: os resultados evidenciam que o Assyst-RG foi eficaz na diminuição da ansiedade, da depressão e do TEPT.
Prospecção Tecnológica de Estimulação Cognitiva para Idosos com Doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Nunes Camila , Melo Fernanda Correa de , Bonini Juliana Sartori 
Published: January 2023

Com o aumento da expectativa de vida, o envelhecimento saudável torna-se uma preocupação, sendo a demência uma das condições que acometem o indivíduo na velhice, e a principal é a doença de Alzheimer, que pode ser atenuada com atividades de estímulo cognitivo. O objetivo deste estudo é realizar um levantamento patentométrico acerca de registros de patentes sobre estimulação cognitiva para idosos com doença de Alzheimer. A metodologia adotada foi a patentometria no site Orbit Questel, para o período 2002-2022. Foram selecionadas cinco patentes que trazem propostas de jogos e uso de realidade virtual para estímulo cognitivo em idosos. O Brasil possui 63 patentes, com pico de publicações no ano de 2002 (n = 87) e na média de 29 por ano entre os anos de 2003 a 2007. Destaca-se que é essencial criar uma cultura de inovação, buscando tecnologias que melhorem a vida da população, como os idosos com doença de Alzheimer.
A universidade num país periférico
Authors: Macedo Horácio 
Published: January 2023

Embora seja milenar a existência da universidade, não é constante, nem uniforme, nem mutável, o seu papel na sociedade. Não há um modelo único de universidade, formado historicamente, a fim de sobre ele construir-se a universidade num país periférico, ou sobre ele exercer-se crítica capaz de propiciar níveis mais elevados e qualitativamente mais avançados de desempenho universitário. Não existindo modelo único há, contudo, relação muito rica que possibilita, talvez, compreenderem-se os papéis das universidades ao longo da história: a relação entre elas e o sistema produtivo; a relação que se consolida, se cristaliza, se altera e se modifica em função da posição da universidade no sistema de produção organizado socialmente, seja esta posição mediatizada pela inserção da universidade no sistema de poder político social, seja efetivado pela inserção direta no sistema. Não se quer fazer aqui a análise histórica dessa inserção (que em muitos casos constitui um processo material do posicionamento dos intelectuais no sistema de poder), mas apenas apontar as linhas gerais do fenômeno no Brasil, com suas características periféricas e inomogêneas, com sua longa história colonial, com a "universidade temporã”.
Prevalence of hysterectomy in Ireland
Authors: Ong S , Codd M.B , Coughlan M , O'Herlihy C 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To assess factors influencing the prevalence of hysterectomy in Ireland. Methods: Analysis of results of a questionnaire completed by a population‐based cohort of 17 735 women aged 50–65 years attending for breast screening. Results: Prevalence of hysterectomy was 22.2%, was increased in proportion to parity and was higher in younger women, those who had previously used oral contraception and those who had private health insurance; peak age at operation was 45–49 years. Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence parity reflects contraceptive practices and utilization of health service resources.
Early experience with the use of buccal mucosa for substitution urethroplasty
Authors: Venn  , Mundy  
Published: July 2002

Objective To evaluate the early results of anterior urethroplasty using a one‐stage free graft with buccal mucosa.Patients and method Thirty‐nine patients (aged 23–59 years) underwent a one‐stage urethroplasty using buccal mucosa, 28 as a patch and 11 as tube grafts. All patients were evaluated by post‐operative urethrography at 6 months and were followed using urinary flow rates and symptoms for 2–5 years.Result There was one recurrent stricture (3%) in the group with a patch urethroplasty but five of the 11 patients with tube grafts had a recurrent stricture.Conclusion The early results using buccal mucosa for patch urethroplasty are encouraging. Although the results from tube grafts are poor, they are similar to those from other methods of single‐stage urethroplasty.
Single‐dose antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral resection of the prostate: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Scholz  , Luftenegger  , Harmuth  , Wolf  , HÖltl  
Published: July 2002

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of single‐dose antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).Patients and methods A total of 139 patients were entered into a prospective randomized trial comparing single‐dose antibiotic prophylaxis with no antibiotic before surgery. Twelve patients were excluded because they had significant bacteriuria before surgery (defined as ≥105 bacteria/mL). Of the remaining 127 patients, 62 were allocated to the single‐dose group (A) and 65 to the no‐antibiotic group (B). All 62 patients in group A received 1 g of ceftriaxone intravenously 1–2 h before surgery with the anaesthetic premedication, the 65 in group B receiving none. Urine cultures were collected post‐operatively as the catheter was removed and again 4 weeks after hospitalization.Results The incidence of post‐operative bacteriuria was statistically significantly different, occurring in five patients (9%) in group A and 16 patients (26%) in group B (Fisher’s exact test, one‐tail P=0.009). There was no significant difference between the groups 4 weeks after hospitalization. The overall incidence of bacteriuria post‐operatively and 4 weeks after hospitalization was 11 patients (18%) in group A and 22 patients (34%) in group B (P=0.03).Conclusion Single‐dose antibiotic prophylaxis with 1 g of ceftriaxone intravenously is effective in patients undergoing TURP and is recommended for such surgery.
Gain changes in the accommodative convergence cross‐link
Authors: Bobier William R. , McRae Marc 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe output of the accommodative vergence cross‐link, the AC/A ratio, was measured before and after subjects viewed through a telestereoscope which increased their interocular separation (pd) approximately fourfold. The initial paradigm was designed to force an increase in the AC/A ratio in that subjects alternately fixated targets set at differing distances. In this paradigm, the varying vergence demands could not be met by a constant increase in phasic or tonic vergence responses. In a second paradigm, only one target was viewed at a fixed position from the eye. Now the constant vergence demand could be met by a set increase in phasic and/or tonic vergence. A significant increase in the AC/A ratio was found in the two‐target study but not in the single‐target study. Increases in the accommodative vergence gain did show considerable individual differences. Tonic vergence changes were interpolated from the data. This parameter increased significantly in both cases but more so when two targets were alternately fixated. This finding is consistent with current near triad models which predict that accommodative convergence input acts along with disparity vergence input to increase tonic levels of convergence. When AC/A ratios were calculated using clinical measures of the phoria at 6 and 0.4 m, increases were found in the two‐target study and to a lesser degree in the single‐target study. This clinical method of AC/A measure appears to have been confounded by changes in tonic vergence.
How good is the match between the plane of the text and the plane of focus during reading?1
Authors: Schaeffel Frank , Weiss Stefan , Seidel Jörg 
Published: July 2002

SummaryBecause results from animal models demonstrate that retinal image defocus is a crucial factor in the visual control of eye growth, we have measured the precision of accommodation during reading at 1  m and at 30  cm distance. A newly developed photorefractor was used to sample both the refraction in the vertical meridian and direction of gaze at 25  Hz. Using these two parameters, a three‐dimensional “refraction map” of the visual field was plotted. It showed the optic disc as an area with more myopic refractions and the course of refractions across a visual field of about ±25 deg. A special calibration scheme was employed to ensure that the precision of the refractions was 0.2 dpt or better (as estimated from the standard deviations of repeated measurements and the noise in the calibration curve). Twelve young adults (students from the lab) served as subjects. We found considerable inter‐individual variablility in the off‐axis refractions but little variability among repeated measurements in the same subjects. Inter‐individual variability reached a minimum in the foveal region. Both myopes wearing their spectacle corrections ( n=6) and emmetropes ( n=6) under‐accommodated by about 0.3 D during reading at 30  cm distance but, at 1  m distance, only the emmetropes under‐accommodated. Since both refraction groups under‐accommodated similarly during reading at close distance, it remains unclear whether the small amount of defocus is critical for their future myopia development. Either accommodation errors differ at earlier times when myopia first appears (as suggested by the literature), or the subjects' eye growth was differently sensitive to defocus, or our simple protocol did not pick up existent differences in accommodation among the two groups.
Depression Scores Following Migraine Treatment in Patients Attending a Specialized Center for Headache and Neurology
Authors: Miranda Héctor , Ortiz Gilberto , Figueroa Sandra , Pérez Cynthia M. , Suárez Erick 
Published: July 2002

Objective.—To determine the changes in clinical characteristics and depression levels among patients following treatment for migraine.Background.—Epidemiologic studies have provided consistent evidence regarding an association between migraine and depression. In Puerto Rico, however, migraine has not yet been systematically investigated.Methods.—A chart review of 144 Puerto Rican patients who presented with migraine, diagnosed according to the International Headache Society criteria, and depression over a 2‐year period was performed. The level of depression, before and after migraine treatment, was evaluated using the Zung Self‐rating Depression Scale.Results.—The mean age of patients was 37.0 ± 14.4 years; 77.1% were women. More than half (52.8%) reported severe headache and 56.9% reported a monthly frequency of five attacks or more. Nearly 9% were using antidepressant therapy and 8% were under psychiatric treatment. The mean Zung index score at baseline was 50.6 ±  10.9. Following treatment with triptans, the intensity and frequency of migraine and the Zung index score decreased significantly (P<.00001). A trend for a greater reduction in Zung index scores among patients receiving triptan medications for more than a year was demonstrated (P = .07).Conclusions.—These results indicate that migraine treatment with triptans appears to be effective in decreasing the headache frequency and intensity, and depression levels, independent of antidepressant medication use or psychiatric treatment.
Structural and optoelectronic properties and their relationship with strain relaxation in heteroepitaxial InP layers grown on GaAs substrates
Authors: Olego D. J. , Okuno Y. , Kawano T. , Tamura M. 
Published: July 2002

Heteroepitaxial layers of InP with thickness D ranging from 0.1 to 6.0 μm were grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on (001) surfaces of GaAs substrates. Their dislocation structure, induced strains, and nature of the radiative recombinations were investigated as a function of D with transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. For D&lt;2 μm, the films are highly dislocated with a tangle of interfacial and threading dislocations above the heterointerface. The spatial extent of the interfacial dislocations and the density of threading dislocations increase with increasing D. For D≳2 μm the portion of the layers away from the heterointerface by more than 1.5 μm shows a decrease in the density of threading dislocations and a dramatic improvement in the crystalline quality with increasing D.
Typical dislocation densities in the neighborhood of the top surface are in the mid 107 cm−2 range when D surpasses 4.0 μm. Concomitant with the improved crystalline quality, the following observations are made. Firstly, the full width at half maximum of the x-ray rocking curves diminishes from values larger than 500 arcsec for D&lt;1.0 μm to about 200 arcsec for D≳4.0 μm. Secondly, the near-band-edge photoluminescence transitions, which for D&lt;2.0 μm are predominantly determined by defect-induced band tailing, display excitonic character. Thirdly, below-band-gap transitions due to interfacial defects decrease in intensity. Biaxial compressive strain is present in the layers because of lattice mismatch and differences in linear thermal expansion with the substrate.
The strain removes the degeneracy between the light- and heavy-hole states at the top of the valence band, and consequently with increasing temperature above 12 K recombinations from the conduction to the split valence bands are observed in the photoluminescence spectra for all D. The identification of such transitions follows from their temperature dependence and the activation energy yield for the thermalization of the holes. The measured valence-band splitting decreases from 12.5 meV for D=0.3 μm to saturation values of 5.6 meV for D≳3.0 μm, indicating strain relaxation with D in qualitative agreement with x-ray determinations. Quantitative differences between both methods are realized and are attributed to a temperature dependence of the differential linear thermal expansion. The contribution to the strain from the lattice mismatch is much larger than expected from equilibrium models. The dislocation generation at different stages during the growth is inferred from the strain relaxation against D and the observed location of the dislocations throughout the layers.
Ab initio model potential study of environmental effects on the Jahn–Teller parameters of Cu2+ and Ag2+ impurities in MgO, CaO, and SrO hosts
Authors: Pascual José Luis , Seijo Luis , Barandiarán Zoila 
Published: July 2002

In this paper, the differential effects brought about by the MgO, CaO, and SrO family of hosts on the topology of the energy surface corresponding to the ground state of the clusters (CuO6)10− and (AgO6)10− along the a1g and eg,θ vibrational modes, are studied by means of the ab initio embedding model potential method (AIEMP) at the restricted open-shell Hartree–Fock level. For all six defect crystals, the equilibrium geometries, Jahn–Teller energies, vibrational frequencies, and relative energies between D4h elongated and compressed structures (energy barriers) have been calculated using (a) two different definitions of the defect cluster, namely (MeO6)10− and (MeO6M6)2+ (Me=Cu, Ag; M=Mg, Ca, Sr), (b) two different cluster LCAO expansions (including or not impurity second neighbor components), and (c) relativistic Cowan–Griffin ab initio (core and environment) model potentials. The results show the importance of using basis set functions located at lattice sites next to the (CuO6)10− and (AgO6)10− clusters in order to mimic the results of the larger clusters (CuO6M6)2+ and (AgO6M6)2+. The net relativistic effects calculated for SrO:Cu2+, Ag2+ and the individual contributions due to the impurity and to the environmental Sr2+ ions have been analyzed, all of them being rather small. The use of a simple point-charge model for the MgO, CaO, and SrO crystalline environments (Madelung potential) is shown to be inadequate and to lead to meaningless results, in agreement to what has been found in previous studies of bulk and surface defects in other ionic crystals.
Given that the Ag2+ impurity in SrO, CaO, and MgO hosts is accepted to be an exceptionally clear example of transition from static to dynamic Jahn–Teller effect at low temperature, the reproduction of this trend can be considered to be a demanding test for an embedding method like the AIEMP: A joint analysis of our calculations and the available EPR experimental results is presented which reveals an agreement in the conclusion that the environmental effects promote stronger Jahn–Teller coupling from MgO to SrO. Also, the inadequacy of the strong linear Jahn–Teller coupling approximation for MgO:Cu2+ is suggested to be responsible for the present incomplete understanding of the features of its EPR spectrum, in contrast with the other systems.
A novel method of assessing the effectiveness of protective gloves—results from a pilot study
Authors: Creely K.S. , Cherrie J.W. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
We have devised a novel method for evaluating the effectiveness of protective gloves and have undertaken a small study to assess this approach. Three types of glove were tested in a standardised simulation test with a permethrin-based pesticide. Prewashed cotton gloves were used to collect the samples. One was worn over the protective glove on one hand to measure the potential deposition of pesticide on the hands had the gloves not been worn. A second was placed under the protective glove on the opposite hand to measure the actual deposition of permethrin on the hands when the gloves were worn. This regime was reversed half way through each test in an attempt to prevent bias. Measurable inner glove contamination occurred on 25 out of 30 occasions. Geometric mean protection factors were calculated from the ratio of outer and inner sampling glove contamination, with average protection factors of 470, 200 and 96 being obtained for the two nitrile and PVC gloves, respectively. The PVC gloves were the least effective in preventing inner glove contamination, probably because the glove was thick and fairly inflexible, causing more pesticide to enter the glove around the cuff. Although the tasks were standardised, variability occurred due to worker behaviour and equipment failure. The spray pump failed on five occasions, resulting in higher levels of inner glove contamination and a geometric mean protection factor of 32. On the occasions when the pump worked correctly, the level of protection provided by the gloves rose dramatically with mean protection factors of 220 and 450 being obtained for workers categorised as “messy” and “tidy”, respectively.
Acyl group specificity at the active site of tetrahydridipicolinate N‐succinyltransferase
Authors: Beaman Todd W. , Vogel Kurt W. , Drueckhammer Dale G. , Blanchard John S. , Roderick Steven L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTetrahydrodipicolinate N‐succinyltransferase (DapD) catalyzes the succinyl‐CoA‐dependent acylation of L‐2‐amino‐6‐oxopimelate to 2‐N‐succinyl‐6‐oxopimelate as part of the succinylase branch of the meso‐diaminopimelate/lysine biosynthetic pathway of bacteria, blue‐green algae, and plants. This pathway provides meso‐diaminopimelate as a building block for cell wall peptidoglycan in most bacteria, and is regarded as a target pathway for antibacterial agents. We have solved the X‐ray crystal structures of DapD in ternary complexes with pimelate/succinyl‐CoA and L‐2‐aminopimelate with the nonreactive cofactor analog, succinamide‐CoA. These structures define the binding conformation of the cofactor succinyl group and its interactions with the enzyme and place its thioester carbonyl carbon in close proximity to the nucleophilic 2‐amino group of the acceptor, in support of a direct attack ternary complex mechanism. The acyl group specificity differences between homologous tetrahydrodipicolinate N‐acetyl‐ and N‐succinyltransferases can be rationalized with reference to at least three amino acids that interact with or give accessible active site volume to the cofactor succinyl group. These residues account at least in part for the substrate specificity that commits metabolic intermediates to either the succinylase or acetylase branches of the meso‐diaminopimelate/lysine biosynthetic pathway.