bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of plant derived extracts with the insecticide mospilan on two whitefly species Bemisia tabaci biotype B and Trialeurodes ricini
Authors: Hussein Hanaa S. , Idriss Mamdouh H. , El-Gayar Farouk H. , Mousa Hebatullah Yehia Saad , Salem Mohamed Z. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The insecticidal, synergistic, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of plant n-hexane extracts (HEs) were evaluated. The HEs from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves, garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulbs, and weeping willow (Salix babylonica L.) leaves were used in comparison with the acetamiprid insecticide (mospilan) against two whitefly species, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B and Trialeurodes ricini (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Furthermore, using the choice test design, the repellent efficacy of three extracts was investigated against whitefly B. tabaci biotype B. The chemical compositions of HEs were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) analysis. The main compounds of thyme HE were thymol and geranyl-α-terpinene; in garlic bulbs HE were diallyl sulfide and allyl tetrasulfide; and in weeping willow HE were 6-phenyltridecane, 6-phenyldodecane, and 5-phenyldodecane, while the methylated fatty acids were stearic and palmitic. The HEs of weeping willow and garlic showed the maximum toxicity against B. tabaci, while the HEs of thyme and garlic showed the highest toxicity against T. ricini. Mospilan with HEs resulted in a potentiating effect, with co-toxicity factors ranging between 21.47 for a mixture of garlic HE + mospilan against B. tabaci and 37.65 for weeping willow HE + mospilan against T. ricini. The mix of mospilan + weeping willow HE recorded the highest acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect 48 h after treatment. The highest expulsion effect was recorded by 2% thyme HE, with a repellency index (RI) of 88.22%. The HE of weeping willow at 1% exhibited the highest attractant effect with an RI value of -8.94%. The current research lays the groundwork for the integrated pest management (IPM) of B. tabaci biotype B and T. ricini by employing natural extracts and pesticides blends.
Towards sustainable perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Muyi , Ma Xiaotian , Esguerra John Laurence , Yu Hongling , Hjelm Olof , Li Jiashuo , Gao Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are advancing to become the frontrunner candidates for the next generation of lighting and display technologies. However, despite rapid technical development, a thorough understanding of PeLEDs’ environmental and economic impacts—essential information for future commercialization—is currently lacking. Here we assess the environmental and economic performance of 18 representative PeLEDs, aiming to identify effective industrial techniques to develop sustainable PeLEDs from a life-cycle perspective. We find that, like mature organic LEDs, PeLEDs show excellent environmental performance. In addition, we demonstrate that lead is not a major source of toxicity from PeLEDs. We estimate that, to commercialize PeLEDs and improve their sustainability, their lifetime should reach the order of 10,000 hours to compensate for the relative environmental impacts. The techno-economic assessment indicates that the cost of future PeLEDs will probably be in the vicinity of US$100 m–2, comparable to that of commercial organic LED panels. Overall, this study shows the potential of PeLEDs as next-generation lighting technology from environmental, economic and technical perspectives, providing insights relevant to their future development.
Proximity-induced flipped spin state in synthetic ferrimagnetic Pt/Co/Gd heterolayers
Authors: Brandão Jeovani , Carvalho Pamela C. , Miranda Ivan P. , Mori Thiago J. A. , Béron Fanny , Bergman Anders , Petrilli Helena M. , Klautau Angela B. , Cezar Julio C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To develop new devices based on synthetic ferrimagnetic heterostructures, understanding the material’s physical properties is pivotal. Here, the induced magnetic moment (IMM), magnetic exchange coupling, and spin textures are investigated in Pt(1 nm)/Co(1.5 nm)/Gd(1 nm) multilayers using a multiscale approach. The magnitude and direction of the IMM are interpreted in the framework of both X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and density functional theory. The IMM transferred by Co across the Gd paramagnetic thickness leads to a nontrivial flipped spin state (FSS) within the Gd layers, in which their magnetic moments couple antiparallel/parallel with the ferromagnetic Co near/far from the Co/Gd interface, respectively. The FSS depends on the magnetic field, which, on average, reduces the Gd magnetic moment as the field increases. For the Pt, in both Pt/Co and Gd/Pt interfaces, the IMM follows the same direction as the Co magnetic moment, with negligible IMM in the Gd/Pt interface. Additionally, zero-field spin spirals were imaged using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, whereas micromagnetic simulations were employed to unfold the interactions, stabilizing the ferrimagnetic configurations, where the existence of a sizable Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is demonstrated to be crucial.
Elongator is a microtubule polymerase selective for polyglutamylated tubulin
Authors: Planelles-Herrero Vicente J , Genova Mariya , Krüger Lara K , Bittleston Alice , McNally Kerrie E , Morgan Tomos E , Degliesposti Gianluca , Magiera Maria M , Janke Carsten , Derivery Emmanuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Elongator is a tRNA-modifying complex that regulates protein translation. Recently, a moonlighting function of Elongator has been identified in regulating the polarization of the microtubule cytoskeleton during asymmetric cell division. Elongator induces symmetry breaking of the anaphase midzone by selectively stabilizing microtubules on one side of the spindle, contributing to the downstream polarized segregation of cell-fate determinants, and therefore to cell fate determination. Here, we investigate how Elongator controls microtubule dynamics. Elongator binds both to the tip of microtubules and to free GTP-tubulin heterodimers using two different subcomplexes, Elp123 and Elp456, respectively. We show that these activities must be coupled for Elongator to decrease the tubulin critical concentration for microtubule elongation. As a consequence, Elongator increases the growth speed and decreases the catastrophe rate of microtubules. Surprisingly, the Elp456 subcomplex binds to tubulin tails and has strong selectivity towards polyglutamylated tubulin. Hence, microtubules assembled by Elongator become selectively enriched with polyglutamylated tubulin, as observed in vitro, in mouse and Drosophila cell lines, as well as in vivo in Drosophila Sensory Organ Precursor cells. Therefore, Elongator rewrites the tubulin code of growing microtubules, placing it at the core of cytoskeletal dynamics and polarization during asymmetric cell division.
MAGIS (Measuring Abundances of red super Giants with Infrared Spectroscopy) project
Authors: Taniguchi Daisuke , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kobayashi Naoto , Jian Mingjie , Thorsbro Brian , Fukue Kei , Hamano Satoshi , Ikeda Yuji , Kawakita Hideyo , Kondo Sohei , Otsubo Shogo , Sameshima Hiroaki , Tsujimoto Takuji , Yasui Chikako 
Published: January 2025

Context. Given their high luminosities (L ≳ 104 L⊙), red supergiants (RSGs) are good tracers of the chemical abundances of the young stellar population in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies. However, previous abundance analyses tailored to RSGs suffer some systematic uncertainties originating in, most notably, the synthesized molecular spectral lines for RSGs.
Aims. We establish a new abundance analysis procedure for RSGs that circumvents difficulties faced in previous works, and test the procedure with ten nearby RSGs observed with the near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph WINERED (0.97−1.32 µm, R = 28 000). The wavelength range covered here is advantageous in that the molecular lines contaminating atomic lines of interest are mostly weak.
Methods. We first determined the effective temperatures (Teff) of the targets with the line-depth ratio (LDR) method, and calculated the surface gravities (log 𝑔) according to the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We then determined the microturbulent velocities (vmicro) and metallicities ([Fe/H]) simultaneously through the fitting of individual Fe I lines. Finally, we also determined the abundance ratios ([X/Fe] for element X) through the fitting of individual lines.
Results. We determined the [X/Fe] of ten elements (Na I, Mg I, Al I, Si I, K I, Ca I, Ti I, Cr I, Ni I, and Y II). We estimated the relative precision in the derived abundances to be 0.04−0.12 dex for elements with more than two lines analyzed (e.g., Fe I and Mg I) and up to 0.18dex for the other elements (e.g., Y II). We compared the resultant abundances of RSGs with the well-established abundances of another type of young star, namely the Cepheids, in order to evaluate the potential systematic bias in our abundance measurements, assuming that the young stars (i.e., both RSGs and Cepheids) in the solar neighborhood have common chemical abundances. We find that the determined RSG abundances are highly consistent with those of Cepheids within <0.1 dex for some elements (notably [Fe/H] and [Mg/Fe]), which means the bias in the abundance determination for these elements is likely to be small. In contrast, the consistency is worse for some other elements (e.g., [Si/Fe] and [Y/Fe]). Nevertheless, the dispersion of the chemical abundances among our target RSGs is comparable with the individual statistical errors on the abundances. Hence, the procedure is likely to be useful to evaluate the relative difference in chemical abundances among RSGs.
Physiological responses to low-intensity stationary cycling with intermittent positive and negative pressure an exploratory study
Authors: Del Vecchio Luke , Climstein Mike , Beavers Rosalind 
Published: January 2025

Background: This study evaluated the physiological responses to intermittent positive and negative pressure (IPNP) in 17 healthy, recreationally active individuals (10 males, average age 33.1 years, mean BMI 26.1 kg/m²) during stationary, upright cycling.
Methods: We assessed acute IPNP effects on heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, and cardiovascular responses during moderate-intensity exercise. Participants engaged in two exercise modalities: Monark cycle ergometry (Mc) and cycling with IPNP, ranging from ±15 to ±25 Mbar.
Results: Results indicated normal physiological responses in heart rate and systolic blood pressure (SBP) from rest to peak exercise in both modalities. A non-significant difference in SBP was observed during Mc compared to IPNP. Significant differences in mean arterial pressure were noted during recovery from IPNP cycling, highlighting a distinct cardiovascular response. HR increased in both conditions during exercise, with a more pronounced increase during Mc. Comfort and perceived exertion revealed no significant differences between the two modalities, indicating the potential acceptability of IPNP therapies.
Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into cardiovascular dynamics during stationary cycling with intermittent positive and negative pressure and highlights key physiological responses that warrant further investigation.
Microsurgery in Motion: An Objective Assessment of Microsurgical Skill and Efficiency
Authors: Lyon Sarah M. , Zeng Weifeng , Yang Su , Wise Brett J. , Mohamadipanah Hossein , Pugh Carla M. , Poore Samuel O. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background High levels of precision, as well as controlled, efficient motions, are important components of microsurgical technique and success. An accurate and objective means of skill assessment is lacking in resident microsurgical education. Here we employ three-dimensional, real-time motion-tracking technology to analyze hand and instrument motion during microsurgical anastomoses. We hypothesize that motion metrics can objectively quantify microsurgical skill and predict the overall level of expertise.
Methods Seventeen participants including medical students, plastic surgery residents, and attendings performed two end-to-end arterial microsurgical anastomoses in a laboratory setting. Motion tracking sensors were applied to standardized positions on participants' hands and microsurgical instruments. Motion and time parameters were abstracted using sensor-derived position data.
Results A total of 32 anastomoses were completed and analyzed. There were significant differences in time for task completion and idle time between attendings and junior residents (post-graduate year (PGY)1–3). Path length and working volume consistently differentiated between students and attendings for all phases of an anastomosis. Motion and time data were less able to consistently distinguish attendings from residents stratified by laboratory anastomosis experience.
Conclusion Quantifiable motion parameters provide objective data regarding the efficiency of microsurgical techniques in surgical trainees. These data provide a basis for microsurgical competency assessments and may inform future structured feedback through instruction, instruments, and technological interfaces.
A newly designed laser-based time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with a time-of-flight electron analyzer
Authors: Lu Shengyue , Zhang Yeqinbo , Li Jingze , Ma Xueyan , Deng Yongkai , Liu Yunquan 
Published: January 2025

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy can directly detect the energy and momentum resolved electronic structure of solids, serving as a central role in the discovery and understanding of quantum materials. Here, we report the development of a novel time-resolved ARPES setup equipped with a table-top vacuum ultraviolet laser source with a photon energy of 10.8 eV and a time-of-flight analyzer. The light source is obtained through the generation of ninth harmonics of a 1030 nm Yb fiber-based amplified laser (290 fs, 100 μJ). The photon flux can reach 5 × 1012 photons/s at 333 kHz. We demonstrate its performance in ARPES measurements of the polycrystalline gold film and the electronic structure of the topological insulator Bi2Te3. By introducing a pump beam, we make a pump–probe experiment to detect unoccupied electronic states of Bi2Te3. This setup can achieve an energy resolution of 21.6 meV and a temporal resolution of 296 fs with the tunability of the polarization and repetition rates. This system can provide an important platform to study the non-equilibrium band structure of complex quantum materials with exceptional energy resolution at high repetition rates.
The van der Waals heterostructures of blue phosphorene with GaN/GeC for high-performance thermoelectric applications
Authors: Ahmad Iqtidar , Wang Xue-Peng , Shahid Ismail , Ali Anwar , Shah Syed Hatim , Li En , Lyu Tu , Ding Keyuan , Chen Xin , Rao Feng 
Published: January 2025

Thermoelectric devices have substantial potential as an environmentally compatible and sustainable power source to produce electricity straight out of waste heat. In this article, the density functional theory and Boltzmann’s transport equation are employed to investigate the thermoelectric characteristics of blue phosphorene (P)/GaN and P/GeC van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). Both vdWHs exhibit a small lattice thermal conductivity at 300 K because of the enhanced phonon boundary dispersion. P/GaN and P/GeC vdWHs drive an impressive boost in the figure of merit (ZT), achieving remarkable values of 5.07 and 4.67 at their respective effective temperatures. Moreover, both vdWHs possess an average ZT as high as 3.91 (P/GaN) and 3.44 (P/GeC). We also observed that these vdWHs exhibit an excellent conversion efficiency, up to 26% (P/GaN) and 25% (P/GeC) at 700 K. Our findings demonstrate that both vdWHs have practical potential for thermoelectric applications, representing significant progress in developing better thermoelectric devices.
Absolute line strength measurements of HO2 radical in the OO-stretching fundamental band between 1088 and 1124 cm−1 using time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy
Authors: Chang Che-Wei , Chen I-Yun , Luo Pei-Ling 
Published: January 2025

Absolute line strength measurements of hydroperoxyl (HO2) radical in the OO-stretching (ν3) fundamental band have been performed by means of mid-infrared time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy. By employing two sets of dual-comb spectrometers, high-resolution time-resolved spectra of HO2 and HCl, formed in the photolysis reaction system of Cl2/CH3OH/O2, could be, respectively, measured near 1123 and 3059 cm−1. With kinetic simulations, spectral analysis of both HO2 and HCl, as well as the accurate line strength of the HCl R(9) transition at 3059.316 cm−1, an absolute line strength of the ν3 131,13 ← 121,12 F1,2 transitions in HO2 at 1122.983 cm−1 was first determined to be 1.80 × 10−20 cm molecule−1 with a small uncertainty down to 4% under the conditions with low initial concentrations of Cl radical (1.63–1.81 × 1013 molecule cm−3). Furthermore, broadband high-resolution spectra of the ν3 fundamental band of HO2 were recorded in the range of 1088–1124 cm−1 with an average spectral resolution of 0.002 cm−1. By contour fitting the measured broadband spectra with PGOPHER, the line strengths of hundreds of rovibrational transitions were obtained relative to the well-determined HO2 lines at 1122.983 cm−1, and those values were observed to be higher than those tabulated in the HITRAN database by a factor of ∼2.8. Moreover, the absolute band strength of the ν3 fundamental band in HO2 was derived to be 22.3 km mol−1 with an uncertainty of 5%. This work providing precise and detailed spectral data would be crucial in revisiting the theoretical modeling of HO2 geometry and updating the database of the HO2 radical.
Quasi-rectifiable Lie algebras for partial differential equations
Authors: Grundland A M , de Lucas J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We introduce families of quasi-rectifiable vector fields and study their geometric and algebraic aspects. Then, we analyse their applications to systems of partial differential equations. Our results explain, in a simple manner, the properties of families of vector fields describing hydrodynamic-type equations by means of k-waves. Facts concerning families of quasi-rectifiable vector fields, their relation to Hamiltonian systems, and practical procedures for studying such families are developed. We introduce and analyse quasi-rectifiable Lie algebras, which are motivated by geometric and practical reasons. We classify different types of quasi-rectifiable Lie algebras, e.g. indecomposable ones up to dimension five. New methods for solving systems of hydrodynamic-type equations are established to illustrate our results. In particular, we study hydrodynamic-type systems admitting Riemann k-wave solutions through quasi-rectifiable Lie algebras of vector fields. We develop techniques for obtaining the submanifolds related to quasi-rectifiable Lie algebras of vector fields and systems of partial differential equations admitting a nonlinear superposition rule: the PDE Lie systems.
Symmetry energy effect on hot nuclear matter and proto-neutron stars
Authors: Wu Xuhao , Chu Pengcheng , Ju Min , Liu He 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We examine the effects of symmetry energy on proto-neutron stars (PNSs) by employing equation of state (EOS) described by the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model.&#xD;The thermal properties of dense matter and the bulk properties of PNSs are investigated under the assumptions of isothermy, isentropy, and fixed lepton fractions.&#xD;The polytropic index is calculated at finite temperature, &#xD;revealing a negative correlation with the PNS maximum mass that the EOS can support.&#xD;The properties of PNSs during the heating and cooling stages along their evolution line are explored under different combinations of lepton fraction and entropy.&#xD;We investigate the correlation between the symmetry energy slope $L$ and the properties of PNSs. As $L$ increases, the PNS radius also increases; however, this effect diminishes with a growing lepton fraction for the isentropic case.&#xD;These results indicate that the nuclear symmetry energy and its density dependence play crucial roles in determining the properties of PNSs and their evolution stages.
Exploring percolation phase transition in the three-dimensional Ising model with machine learning
Authors: Guo Ranran , Li Xiao-Bing , Wang Rui , Chen Shiyang , Wu Yuan-Fang , Li Zhiming 李治明 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The percolation study offers valuable insights into the characteristics of phase transition, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms that govern the formation of global connectivity within the system. We explore the percolation phase transition in the 3D cubic Ising model by employing two machine learning techniques. Our results demonstrate the capability of machine learning methods in distinguishing different phases during the percolation transition. Through the finite-size scaling analysis on the output of the neural networks, the percolation temperature and a correlation length exponent in the geometrical percolation transition are extracted and compared to those in the thermal magnetization phase transition within the 3D Ising model. These findings provide a valuable way essential for enhancing our understanding of the property of the QCD critical point, which belongs to the same universality class as the 3D Ising model.Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd.
Single crystal (4-(tritylthio)butylthio) triphenylmethane forming organic nanoflowers
Authors: Sasidharan Sajitha , Ramakrishnan Vibin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We report the synthesis and crystallization of a newly synthesized triphenylmethyl derivative (4-(tritylthio)butylthio)triphenylmethane and its nano-level assembly, forming a rare organic nano-flower. We implemented a combination of S-XRD, Electron Microscopy, NMR and Raman spectroscopy to characterize the self-assembled structures. Fewer studies have been reported on the design and synthesis of triphenyl methyl (trityl) based nanostructures despite their wide range of possible applications in different fields. Its acid-labile nature is desirable for synthesizing and fabricating nano-level assemblies based on trityl systems. The present work demonstrates the formation of nanocrystalline materials formed using small organic molecules through aromatic π-π interactions, that can act as the principal directive governing molecular recognition and assembly. Also, it provides potential insights that can direct future design of new trityl-based materials.