bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Receipt of Medications for Chronic Disease During the First 2 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Enrollees in Fee-for-Service Medicare
Authors: Morden Nancy E. , Zhou Weiping , Obermeyer Ziad , Skinner Jonathan 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceDuring the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, inpatient and ambulatory care declined dramatically. Little is known about prescription drug receipt during this period, particularly for populations with chronic illness and with high risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes and decreased access to care.ObjectiveTo investigate whether receipt of medications was maintained during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic among older people with chronic diseases, particularly Asian, Black, and Hispanic populations and people with dementia, who faced pandemic-related care disruptions.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used a 100% sample of US Medicare fee-for-service administrative data from 2019 to 2021 for community-dwelling beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. Population-based prescription fill rates were compared for 2020 and 2021 vs 2019. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to March 2023.ExposureThe COVID-19 pandemic.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAge- and sex-adjusted monthly prescription fill rates were calculated for 5 groups of medications commonly prescribed for chronic disease : angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins), oral diabetes medications, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease medications, and antidepressants. Measurements were stratified by race and ethnicity group and dementia diagnosis. Secondary analyses measured changes in the proportion of prescriptions dispensed as a 90-day or greater supply.ResultsOverall, the mean monthly cohort included 18 113 000 beneficiaries (mean [SD] age, 74.5 [7.4] years; 10 520 000 females [58.1%]; 587 000 Asian [3.2%], 1 069 000 Black [5.9%], 905 000 Hispanic [5.0%], and 14 929 000 White [82.4%]); 1 970 000 individuals (10.9%) were diagnosed with dementia. Across 5 drug classifications, mean fill rates increased by 2.07% (95% CI, 2.01% to 2.12%) in 2020 and decreased by 2.61% (95% CI, −2.67% to −2.56%) in 2021 compared with 2019. Fill rates decreased by less than the mean overall decrease for Black enrollees (−1.42%; 95% CI, −1.64% to −1.20%) and Asian enrollees (−1.05%; 95% CI, −1.36% to −0.77%) and people diagnosed with dementia (−0.38%; 95% CI, −0.54% to −0.23%). The proportion of fills dispensed as 90-day or greater supplies increased during the pandemic for all groups, with an increase per 100 fills of 3.98 fills (95% CI, 3.94 to 4.03 fills) overall.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that, in contrast to in-person health services, receipt of medications for chronic conditions was relatively stable in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic overall, across racial and ethnic groups, and for community-dwelling patients with dementia. This finding of stability may hold lessons for other outpatient services during the next pandemic.
Dual‐Function Near‐Infrared Emitting Aerogel‐Based Device for Detection and Sunlight‐Driven Photodegradation of Antibiotics: Realizing the Processability of Silsesquioxane‐Based Fluorescent Porous Materials
Authors: Wang Qingzheng , Unno Masafumi , Liu Hongzhi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt is highly desirable to develop facile methods to improve the processability of porous materials for industrial applications. Herein, the preparation of a novel near‐infrared emitting hybrid aerogel (PCS‐CA) is reported by physically blending a porous material with chitosan. The applied porous material (PCS‐CZ‐O‐DCM) is obtained from a near‐infrared emission semiconductor compound (CZ‐O‐DCM) and octavinylsilsesquioxane (OVS). PCS‐CZ‐O‐DCM can detect tetracycline hydrochloride selectively and rapidly in various solution with an extremely low detection limit of 0.29 µm for fluorescence quenching. It also exhibits an outstanding sunlight‐driven photodegradation activity for antibiotics even in the absence of additional oxidation agents or pH control. PCS‐CA also performs better than PCS‐CZ‐O‐DCM powder. A PCS‐CA‐based glass device is further fabricated, which enables a larger amount of water purification of antibiotics by a continuous flow‐through system by light‐driven degradation. By blending with a soft polymer matrix, improved processability can be applied to insoluble porous materials. As a result, a novel functional devices can be realized which provides a new way to apply insoluble porous materials.
Injectable Antibacterial Hydrogel with Asiaticoside‐Loaded Liposomes and Ultrafine Silver Nanosilver Particles Promotes Healing of Burn‐Infected Wounds
Authors: Feng Longbao , Liu Yu , Chen Yini , Xiang Qi , Huang Yadong , Liu Zonghua , Xue Wei , Guo Rui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPost‐injury infection and wound healing are recurrent daily life problems. Therefore, the necessity of developing a biomaterial with antibacterial and wound‐healing properties is paramount. Based on the special porous structure of hydrogel, this work modifies recombinant collagen and quaternary ammonium chitosan and fused them with silver nanoparticles (Ag@mental‐organic framework (Ag@MOF)) with antibacterial properties, and asiaticoside‐loaded liposomes (Lip@AS) with anti‐inflammatory/vascularization effects to form the rColMA/QCSG/LIP@AS/Ag@MOF (RQLAg) hydrogel. The prepared hydrogel possesses good sustainable release capabilities of Ag+ and AS and exhibits concentration‐dependent swelling properties, pore size, and compressive strength. Cellular experiments show that the hydrogel exhibits good cell compatibility and promote cell migration, angiogenesis, and M1 macrophage polarization. Additionally, the hydrogels exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. In vivo, Sprague Dawley rats burn‐wound infection model showed that the RQLAg hydrogel could efficiently promote wound healing and has stronger healing promoting abilities than those of Aquacel Ag. In summary, the RQLAg hydrogel is expected to be an excellent material for accelerating open wound healing and preventing bacterial infections.
Spectrally Stable Pure Red CsPbI3 Quantum Dots Light‐Emitting Diodes via Effective Low Temperature Gradient Centrifugation Separation and Surface Modification
Authors: Shen Wei , Su Zhan , Chen Shuo , Dai Yujun , Qiu Yue , Chen Yanfeng , Jiang Jiayu , Zhang Jianbin , Wang Yun , Cui Hao , He Yanxing , Cao Kun , Cai Bo , Liu Lihui , Chen Shufen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDevelopment of high‐performance and stable pure red perovskite light‐emitting devices (LEDs) promotes commercialization of perovskite. Benefiting from the quantum confinement effect, pure red CsPbI3 quantum dots (QDs) can avoid the color drift issue for mixed halide systems. Herein, a facile temperature‐dependent hot‐injection method combined with low temperature gradient centrifugation is employed to prepare 5.60 ± 0.05 nm pure red QDs. The QDs exhibit 642 nm photoluminescence (PL) with 37 nm full width at half maximum, and their Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates located at (0.708, 0.292) match well with standard pure red for Rec. 2020. The PL half‐lifetime for pure red QDs solution is 210 days under ambient conditions, and both the X and Y coordinates of CIE only fluctuate within (0.002, 0.002). Finally, a simple NH4I post‐treatment to decrease ligand length further boosts the QDs conductivity, and the pure red LED exhibits 9.4% maximum external quantum efficiency. The electroluminescence spectra exhibits a sharp peak at 645 nm, and their CIE coordinates are located at (0.707, 0.290). Furthermore, the pure red LED exhibits both good working and color stability. Its half‐lifetime is 25.1 min and color drifts are only (0.002, 0.002) after 30.0 min of continuous working at 60 cd m−2 with a constant current density of 3.5 mA cm−2.
Gas‐Phase Anion Exchange for Multisegment Heterostructured CsPb(Br1−xClx)3 Perovskite Nanowires
Authors: Lamers Nils , Zhang Zhaojun , Scheblykin Ivan G. , Wallentin Jesper 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal‐halide perovskites (MHPs) are promising as active optoelectronic materials for a diverse range of devices. Anion exchange is a post‐growth modification of MHP materials that allows tuning of the band gap and crystal structure by exposure to alternative halides, normally using solution methods. Here, low temperature gas‐phase anion exchange for the conversion of CsPbBr3 nanowires (NW) into CsPb(Br1−xClx) NWs using two media, fuming HCl and Cl2 gas, is systematically investigated. It is found that both methods can be used to tune the composition in the full range with excellent control. While fuming HCl is the simplest process, Cl2 gives similar results with no surface damage and better process control. Based on a simple solid diffusion model, an average diffusivity of 1.4 × 10−12 cm2s−1 is extracted for Cl‐anions inside CsPbBr3. By combining the Cl2 exchange process with electron‐beam lithography patterning, heterojunction NWs with varying halide compositions are produced, including complex barcode‐like NWs with segment lengths as short as 500 nm. Designed heterostructures provide an important basis for optoelectronic device applications of MHPs, and gas‐phase anion exchange should be suitable for any MHP morphology.
Organocatalytic Remote Stereocontrolled Additions of In Situ Formed Electron‐Deficient Conjugate Systems
Authors: Yue Zhibin , Fang Fang , Xia Yan , Li Pengfei , Li Wenjun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConjugate addition is one of the most powerful and practical methods for the formation of carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds in organic synthesis. Owing to the rapid development of asymmetric catalysis, significant progress has been made in the field of asymmetric conjugate addition, such as 1,4‐addition and 1,6‐addition. However, formidable challenge of controlling chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselectivity arises with the extended conjugated systems. Recently, with the aid of Brønsted acids catalysis, functionalized benzyl alcohols and indolylmethanols has been successfully developed as suitable precursors of electron‐deficient conjugate systems for organocatalytic remote stereocontrolled conjugate additions. This review investigates the advances in the field of organocatalytic enantioselective 1,8‐conjugate addition and 1,10‐conjugate addition of in situ formed electron‐deficient conjugate systems from functionalized alcohols, which is organized according to the substrates.
Radical Decyanations of Unactivated Carbon‐CN Bonds: Recent Achievements and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Huang Jiapian , Chen Zhiyuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDecyanation is an important process in the synthesis of aromatic molecules in the studies of pharmaceutical research, medical and materials sciences. In late‐stage modifications of privileged carbo/heterocyclic scaffolds, radical‐type decyanation techniques have been devised to date. As a result, the chemistry of cyano‐involved conversions, a hotly debated subject over the past few decades, has advanced significantly. The cyano group (CN), on the other hand, has rarely been acknowledged as a good reaction site due to its thermodynamic robustness. The most recent advancements in catalytic radical decyanation protocols that CN behaved as a leaving group has made are surveyed in this article. Following the introduction of a number of different reaction modes, the catalytic reactions that are used to activate the C−CN bonds are primarily categorized, and the text herein are divided into three groups: (1) photo‐catalyzed decyanation transformations, (2) electro‐catalyzed decyanation transformations, and (3) transition‐metal‐catalyzed or metal‐free decyanation transformations. With an emphasis on the catalytic systems and synthetic applications in C−CN bond activation, this review will provide the readers with an overview of decyanation chemistry in radical reactions.
High‐Voltage Stability of Small‐Size Single Crystal Ni‐Rich Layered Cathode for Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Lithium Battery at 4.5 V
Authors: Tian Rongzheng , Wang Zhenyu , Liao Jianguo , Zhang Hongzhou , Song Dawei , Zhu Lingyun , Zhang Lianqi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMechanical damage of NCM811 (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2), severe interfacial side reactions, and physical contact failure of cathode and solid electrolyte (SE) are the main obstacles for it to achieve high‐voltage stability in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSLBs). The cathode morphology effects on the structural integrity are directly related to the electrochemical performance of ASSLBs. In this work, small‐size single crystal NCM811 (S‐SC) is synthesized for sulfide‐based ASSLBs to solve mechanical damage and contact failure issues. In addition, the interfacial stability is improved by a Li2O pre‐lithiation strategy. Cross section polisher‐scanning electron microscopy (CP‐SEM) is applied to reveal the mechanical structure evolution behavior of NCM811 cathodes with different morphology. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technologies are applied to characterize the interfacial stability among cycling. As a result, with a high mass loading of 35.67 mg cm−2 and high current density of 7.13 mA cm−2, the Li2O pre‐lithiated S‐SC (S‐SC‐PL) cathode delivers extraordinarily high‐voltage stability of 100% after 500 cycles at 2.72–4.4 V and 100% after 200 cycles at 2.72–4.5 V in ASSLBs. This work provides an effective cathode morphological design strategy to improve high‐voltage stability of Ni‐rich layered cathodes for sulfide‐based ASSLBs.
Differential effects of sleep on brain structure and metabolism at the preclinical stages of AD
Authors: Stankeviciute Laura , Falcon Carles , Operto Grégory , Garcia Marina , Shekari Mahnaz , Iranzo Álex , Niñerola‐Baizán Aida , Perissinotti Andrés , Minguillón Carolina , Fauria Karine , Molinuevo Jose Luis , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Suárez‐Calvet Marc , Cacciaglia Raffaele , Gispert Juan Domingo , Grau‐Rivera Oriol ,   and for the ALFA study
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPoor sleep quality is associated with cognitive outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We analyzed the associations between self‐reported sleep quality and brain structure and function in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals.METHODSCU adults (N = 339) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging, lumbar puncture, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. A subset (N = 295) performed [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans. Voxel‐wise associations with gray matter volumes (GMv) and cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRGlu) were performed including interactions with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers status.RESULTSPoorer sleep quality was associated with lower GMv and CMRGlu in the orbitofrontal and cingulate cortices independently of AD pathology. Self‐reported sleep quality interacted with altered core AD CSF biomarkers in brain areas known to be affected in preclinical AD stages.DISCUSSIONPoor sleep quality may impact brain structure and function independently from AD pathology. Alternatively, AD‐related neurodegeneration in areas involved in sleep–wake regulation may induce or worsen sleep disturbances.Highlights
Poor sleep impacts brain structure and function independent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology.
Poor sleep exacerbates brain changes observed in preclinical AD.
Sleep is an appealing therapeutic strategy for preventing AD.
Quantitative Nanoscale Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (NanoSIMS) Imaging of Individual Vesicles to Investigate the Relation between Fraction of Chemical Release and Vesicle Size
Authors: Nguyen Tho Duc Khanh , Rabasco Stefania , Lork Alicia A. , Toit Andre Du , Ewing Andrew G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe used correlative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) imaging to quantify the contents of subvesicular compartments, and to measure the partial release fraction of 13C‐dopamine in cellular nanovesicles as a function of size. Three modes of exocytosis comprise full release, kiss‐and‐run, and partial release. The latter has been subject to scientific debate, despite a growing amount of supporting literature. We tailored culturing procedures to alter vesicle size and definitively show no size correlation with the fraction of partial release. In NanoSIMS images, vesicle content was indicated by the presence of isotopic dopamine, while vesicles which underwent partial release were identified by the presence of an 127I‐labelled drug, to which they were exposed during exocytosis allowing entry into the open vesicle prior to its closing again. Demonstration of similar partial release fractions indicates that this mode of exocytosis is predominant across a wide range of vesicle sizes.
Development of electrospun filter with high efficiency to reduce disturbance on gas detection in dusty environments
Authors: Zhao Bo , Guo Li , Han Mingze , Liang Yunhong , Li Mo , Ma Shuli , Tong Tianjian , Chang Zhiyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn some harsh environments, certain gases are very important for the safety, such as methane gas from underground coal mines, which may explode causing catastrophic consequences. However, such gas detections are often disturbed by the particles. In this study, aiming at the scenario of underground coal mines, electrospun filters were developed and used as the pre‐filter of electronic nose (PFEN) to mitigate the disturbance on gas detection in dusty environments. Two poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) filters and four poly (ε‐caprolactone)/graphene oxide (PCL/GO) filters have been prepared and compared with two commercial filters. The results shows that all filters did not affect the response of sensors to the detecting gas as compared with that without filters. The PCL/GO filter at GO concentration of 0.03% (PCL/GO‐3) had the best performance. The PCL/GO‐3 filter exhibited high removal efficiency of particulate matter (PM) with 99.27% (PM1), 99.67% (PM2.5), and 99.90% (PM10), low pressure drop of 75 Pa, and highest quality factor of 0.076 as compared with other filters. In addition, the PCL/GO‐3 filter exhibited higher tensile strength than those of other electrospun filters and commercial filters. These results indicate that the electrospun filters can be excellent option to be used as PFEN for mitigating PM deposition for gas detection in dusty environments.
Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of USP48 deubiquitinylase inhibitors
Authors: Böhm Kevin , Schulze‐Niemand Eric , Kähne Thilo , Siddiqui Elisa , Täger Christian , Ramsbeck Daniel , Buchholz Mirko , Naumann Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUbiquitin‐specific proteases represent a family of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of ubiquitin from specific substrate proteins to regulate their activity. USP48 is a rarely studied USP, which has recently been linked to inflammatory signaling via regulation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B. Nonetheless, a crystal structure of USP48 has not yet been resolved and potent inhibitors are not known. We screened a set of 14 commercially available USP inhibitors for their activity against USP48 and identified the USP2 inhibitor “ML364” as a candidate for further optimization. Using a ligand‐based approach, we derived and synthesized a series of ML364 analogs. The IC50 concentrations of the new compounds to inhibit USP48 were determined in a deubiquitinylase activity assay by measuring the fluorescence intensity using tetra‐ubiquitin rhodamine110 as substrate. A compound containing a carboxylic acid functionalization (17e) inhibited USP48 activity toward tetra‐ubiquitin rhodamine110 with an IC50 of 12.6 µM. Further structure‐based refinements are required to improve the inhibition activity and specificity.
Adaptive neural network finite‐time command filter tracking control for nonlinear systems with multiple coupling high‐order terms and disturbances
Authors: Zhang Xinghui , Zhuang Xinhai , Liu Enyong , Zhang Ancai , Qiu Jianlong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the research of adaptive command filter tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. The coexistence of multiple coupling high‐order terms, uncertain external disturbances, and unknown time‐varying coefficients makes the studied system more general compared with the existing results. By skillfully combining adaptive technology, command filter control, and backstepping method, a new type of adaptive command filter tracking control algorithm is designed. This controller not only solves the problem of complex explosion but also introduces compensation signals to achieve a higher precision tracking effect. Ultimately, the validity of the control algorithm is verified by a numerical simulation and a practical application model simulation.
Phase‐type models involving restarting and instantaneous transitions, with applications to degradation and maintenance
Authors: Lindqvist Bo Henry 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA phase‐type distribution is the distribution of time to absorption for an absorbing continuous‐time finite state Markov chain. The paper first reviews the extension of the phase‐type setting to modeling of competing risks by introducing multiple absorbing states. The main study of the paper is the further extension to introducing instantaneous transitions at certain stages of the original models. The motivation is from applications to repair and maintenance, bringing failed systems into working ones by instantaneous repair actions. Two slightly different approaches are studied. The first one is based on restarting the original Markov chain upon absorption, leading to the consideration of a Markov renewal process. The second approach involves periodically inspected systems, where maintenance actions are modeled by instantaneous transitions made at regular inspection times. For both approaches are suggested measures of reliability and maintenance based on long run properties.
Bildbasierte Erfassung und digitale Dokumentation von Geometrie und Zustand an Eisenbahnbrücken
Authors: Morgenthal Guido , Helmrich Marcel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDie kontinuierliche Sicherheit und Leistungsfähigkeit von Bauwerken der Verkehrsinfrastruktur hat in einer modernen Gesellschaft einen besonderen Stellenwert. Die Bedeutung des Schienennetzes nimmt im Kontext der Energiewende weiter zu. Forderungen nach Ressourcenschonung im Bausektor erfordern zukünftig außerdem deutlich verlängerte Lebensdauern von Bauwerken. Neue digitale Erhaltungsstrategien können dieses Ziel gleichzeitig mit einer Verringerung der Erhaltungsaufwendungen erreichbar machen. Dieser Beitrag fokussiert auf neuartige Verfahren der Bilddatenauswertung zur Zustandsermittlung und digitalen Modellierung von Geometrie und Schadensmerkmalen an Ingenieurbauwerken. Insbesondere die dauerhafte Speicherung von hochgenauen Schadenspositionen und ‐umfängen erlaubt die Verfolgung von Schadensentwicklungen als Basis für neuartige prädiktive Erhaltungsstrategien. Am Beispiel von Eisenbahnbrücken wird gezeigt, wie eine hochwertige digitale Zustandsdokumentation mit dem Konzept des Digitalen Zwillings möglich wird. Aus z. B. mit Drohnen erzeugten Bilddaten werden mittels Fotogrammetrie hochgenaue georeferenzierte 3D‐Bauwerksmodelle generiert und mittels KI‐Verfahren Schadenserkennungen durchgeführt. Die Verknüpfung in einem Digitalen Zwilling ermöglicht Analysen und hochwertige Dokumentationen im Lebenszyklus und sollte zukünftig mit einer Nullmessung an neuen Bauwerken beginnen.