bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of neuromuscular function in sleep apnea pathogenesis and management: A consensus of experts
Authors: Mehra Reena , Schwab Richard , Kimoff R. John , Shah Neomi , Gottlieb Daniel J. , Patel Sanjay R. , Ayas Najib T. , Hanly Patrick , Sheean Geoff , Malhotra Atul 
Published: January 2023

Study objectivesAlthough the importance of upper airway assessment in the consideration of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized, there are current limitations in our approach to assessment.MethodsWe convened a group of experts in upper airway neuromuscular physiology and anatomy, sleep apnea endophenotypes, novel therapeutics and sleep epidemiology to summarize existing literature and delineate future opportunities to utilize and incorporate innovative and less invasive techniques focused on upper airway neuromuscular physiology to assess and manage OSA.ResultsIn OSA, genioglossus electromyogram (EMG) activity is reduced during sleep onset with higher levels observed during wakefulness compared to controls. Surface EMG recordings are limited due to distance from the actual muscle and while needle EMG offers more direct assessment, this approach is more invasive. Novel alternatives overcoming these limitations to assess upper airway neuromuscular physiology in OSA may therefore prove beneficial. Specifically, such an approach would facilitate identification of upstream prognostic biomarkers of OSA clinical trajectory and offer more informative mechanistic data. Novel approaches to neuromuscular assessment in OSA would enhance phenotyping to predict better tolerance to positive airway pressure therapy and set the stage to target neuromuscular function and upper airway anatomy. A quantifiable and repeatable neuromuscular physiologic metric has potential to facilitate a precision medicine strategy and personalize treatment, including measuring treatment response to neurophysiologic-focused interventions including hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS), myofunctional therapy and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. A key area for future investigation is whether observed neuromuscular changes can identify patients at future risk of OSA, facilitating early intervention or prevention strategies.ConclusionsOverall, recognizing the critical contributions of abnormalities of upper airway neuromuscular function to the pathophysiology of OSA, it may be important to find accurate and reproducible neurophysiological assessments to address existing knowledge gaps in OSA assessment and management.
Anesthesia management of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: A retrospective study of single center
Authors: Lin Yong , Sun Tao , Cheng Ning-ning , Liu Jing-jing , He Li-xian , Wang Li-hong , Liu Xian-wen , Chen Mei-fang , Chen Liang-wan , Yao Yun-tai ,   the Evidence in Cardiovascular Anesthesia (EICA) Group
Published: January 2023

BackgroundTo summarize the current practice of anesthesia management for Chinese patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery at a large-volume cardiovascular center.Materials and methodsThe clinical data of consecutive patients undergoing isolated, primary OPCAB surgery during the period from September 2019 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient characteristics, intraoperative data, and short-term outcomes were extracted from the Hospital Information System and the Anesthesia Information Management System.ResultsA total of 255 patients who underwent OPCAB surgery were enrolled in the current study. High-dose opioids and short-acting sedatives were the most commonly administrated anesthetics intraoperatively. Pulmonary arterial catheter insertion is frequently performed in patients with serious coronary heart disease. Goal-directed fluid therapy, a restricted transfusion strategy, and perioperative blood management were routinely used. Rational usages of inotropic and vasoactive agents facilitate hemodynamic stability during the coronary anastomosis procedure. Four patients underwent re-exploration for bleeding, but no death was observed.ConclusionsThe study introduced the current practice of anesthesia management at the large-volume cardiovascular center, and the short-term outcomes indicated the efficacy and safety of the practice in OPCAB surgery.
Waiting-List and early posttransplant prognosis among ethnoracial groups: Data from the organ procurement and transplantation network
Authors: Wu Yangyang , Lv Kaikai , Hao Xiaowei , Lv Chao , Lai Wenhui , Xia Xinze , Pang Aibo , Yuan Qing , Song Tao 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundRacial/ethnic disparity in waiting-list mortality among candidates listed for kidney transplantation (KT) in the United States remains unclear. We aimed to assess racial/ethnic disparity in waiting-list prognosis among patients listed for KT in the United States in the current era.MethodsWe compared waiting-list and early posttransplant in-hospital mortality or primary nonfunction (PNF) among adult (age ≥18 years) white, black, Hispanic, and Asian patients listed for only KT in the United States between July 1, 2004 and March 31, 2020.ResultsOf the 516,451 participants, 45.6%, 29.8%, 17.5%, and 7.1% were white, black, Hispanic, and Asian, respectively. Mortality on the 3-year waiting list (including patients who were removed for deterioration) was 23.2%, 16.6%, 16.2%, and 13.8% in white, black, Hispanic, and Asian patients, respectively. The cumulative incidence of posttransplant in-hospital death or PNF after KT was 3.3%, 2.5%, 2.4%, and 2.2% in black, white, Hispanic, and Asian patients,respectively. White candidates had the highest mortality risk on the waiting list or of becoming too sick for a transplant, while black (adjusted hazard ratio, [95% confidence interval, CI], 0.67 [0.66–0.68]), Hispanic (0.59 [0.58–0.60]), and Asian (0.54 [0.52–0.55]) candidates had a lower risk. Black KT recipients (odds ratio, [95% CI] 1.29 [1.21–1.38]) had a higher risk of PNF or death before discharge than white patients. After controlling confounders, black recipients (0.99 [0.92–1.07]) had a similar higher risk of posttransplant in-hospital mortality or PNF as white patients than Hispanic and Asian counterparts.ConclusionsDespite having a better socioeconomic status and being allocated better kidneys, white patients had the worst prognosis during the waiting periods. Black recipients and white recipients have higher posttransplant in-hospital mortality or PNF.
Volatile Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Naio (Myoporum Sandwicense A. Gray), a Native Hawaiian Tree
Authors: Dosoky Noura S. , Satyal Prabodh , Sorensen Aaron , Setzer William N. 
Published: January 2023

Myoporum sandwicense A. Gray (naio) is one of the characteristic trees of Hawaiian montane–subalpine mesic forests. In this study, lab-distilled oils of M. sandwicense leaves, wood, and twigs growing on the island of Hawaii, as well as industrially produced wood oils, were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The lab-distilled oils were screened for antimicrobial activity. M. sandwicense leaf essential oil was rich in β-caryophyllene (15.1%), α-humulene (12.8%), germacrene D (7.9%), bicyclogermacrene (12.5%), brigalow ketol (9.6%), and myoporone (16.8%), while the wood essential oils were dominated by α-bisabolol and trans-α-bisabolol oxide B. The sapwood oil was dominated by palmitic acid (35.5%), linoleic acid (19.7%), oleic acid (31.9%), and stearic acid (5.7%), whereas the oil from twigs was rich in tricosane (77.3%) and pentacosane (13.1%). M. sandwicense essential oils were screened for antimicrobial activity against a panel of potentially pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The leaf essential oil of M. sandwicense showed excellent antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes and antifungal activity against A. fumigatus. The wood essential oil showed notable activity against S. pyogenes, A. fumigatus, A. niger, and M. gypseum. The twig oil was remarkably active against mold species. This work is the first report we are aware of on the composition and antimicrobial properties of naio essential oils.
Driving forces of GPs’ migration in Europe: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Velgan Marta , Vanderheyde Thierry , Kalda Ruth , Michels Nele 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe shortage of GPs is a worldwide phenomenon, which encourages the migration of GPs and consequently exacerbates the GP shortage. This shortage imposes a threat for the entire healthcare system.AimTo explore the driving forces of GPs' migration in Europe and their reasons to stay in the new country, to migrate further, or to return to their home country.Design & settingAn exploratory, qualitative study of European GPs who have migrated within Europe.MethodIndividual interviews were conducted until data saturation and audio-recordings were transcribed. Thematic analysis was performed using NVivo.ResultsFifteen interviews with GPs from eight different European countries were conducted. The reasons why European GPs migrate and decide to stay or to leave were grouped under the following three themes: professional development; personal reasons; and the situation in the home country or the organisation of health care. New professional challenges, better working environment, and higher quality training programmes were mentioned as the main reasons for migration. Personal reasons, such as family’s satisfaction with the living environment, closeness to other family members, and financial considerations, seemed to influence the decision to stay or leave the most.ConclusionMigration caused by dissatisfaction with the working and living environment is something countries could potentially work on in order to retain their GPs. As some countries in Europe rely more and more on international recruitment to combat the GP shortage, which in turn worsens the situation in other countries, a more unified Europe-wide approach to GP shortage and migration is needed.
Strategi Penyelesaian Konflik Tenurial Melalui Kemitraan Konservasi Di Taman Nasional Bunaken (Studi Kasus Pulau Mantehage)
Authors: Wijaya Pandu , Walangitan Hengki Djemie , Rotinsulu Wieske Chriesti 
Published: January 2023

This research aims to analyze stakeholders for the implementation of conservation partnerships on Mantehage Island and formulate strategies for implementing conservation partnerships on Mantehage Island. This research was conducted from April to July 2022. The research method used a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. Primary data were obtained through direct interviews with managers of the Bunaken National Park area, village governments and community leaders on Mantehage Island. The questionnaire was conducted on the people on Mantehage Island with a total of 30 respondents who have plantation land on Mantehage Island. Secondary data was obtained from the Bunaken National Park Management Plan document for 2019-2028 as well as village monograph data. The results showed that there were seven stakeholders with the implementation of conservation partnerships on Mantehage Island, namely the Bunaken National Park Office, Local Communities, Village Governments and Non-Governmental Organizations as Key Players; Farmer's Group is located as Subject; Academics/Universities are located as Context Setters and Investors are located as Crowd. The results of the analysis related to the strategy of implementing conservation partnerships on Mantehage Island using the SWOT method show a position in quadrant I, namely supporting an aggressive strategy in which the implementation of conservation partnerships on Mantehage Island is supported by great strengths and opportunities.
Nakagami parametric image for evaluation of the degree of thermal denaturation inside porcine liver induced ex vivo by radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Takeuchi Michio , Sakai Toshihiko , Oshima Yusuke , Kojima Yasuhiro , Mori Kenji , Omura Masaaki , Nagaoka Ryo , Hasegawa Hideyuki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In an RF ablation procedure for treating hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver cancer, plucking out an ablation antenna from incompletely cauterized tumor tissues can cause neoplastic seeding; hence, it is demanded to properly evaluate the thermal denaturation of tumor tissue before plucking out the antenna. In the present ex vivo study, we show that the degree of thermal denaturation inside porcine liver tissue induced with RF current heating can be evaluated by binarized two-dimensional Nakagami parametric image indicating the weighted average of the Nakagami shape parameter m. Moreover, we present that the pre-Rayleigh distribution is dominant in ultrasonic backscattered envelopes obtained from incompletely cauterized liver tissue, whereas the Rayleigh distribution is dominant in those obtained from completely cauterized liver tissue which has coagulative necrosis region. The result indicates that the change in scatterer distribution would be occurred inside liver tissue by coagulative necrosis caused by RF current heating in this study.
Comparison of Upper Limb Function after Management of Intraarticular Distal Radius Metaphyseal Fracture between Operative and Non-Operative Procedure with Clinical Assessment of the QuickDASH Score
Authors: Amilia Octiara Gisca , Nur Rachmat Lubis  , Irfanudin  
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Distal radius fracture is the most common fracture in an orthopedic emergency involving the upper limb. Management of patients with distal radius metaphyseal fractures greatly affects the function of the upper limb during recovery. Then the right choice of type of procedure will affect the function of the upper limb. This study aimed to compare the function of the upper limb in intraarticular distal radius metaphyseal fracture between operative and non-operative procedures with the clinical assessment of the QuickDASH score at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a retrospective cohort approach. A total of 55 research subjects consisting of 38 subjects belonging to the operative group and 17 subjects belonging to the non-operative group, participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out using univariate and bivariate to find out the differences between operative and non-operative procedures related to post-fracture upper limb performance.
Results: Operative procedure are proven to improve upper limb performance better than non-operative procedure based on the QuickDASH score. Operative procedures provide improved upper limb performance 2.65 times better than non-operative procedure.
Conclusion: Operative procedure that are better in maintaining upper limb performance after intraarticular radius distal metaphyseal fractures based on the QuickDASH score compared to non-operative procedure at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Resolved SPLASH Chemodynamics in Andromeda’s PHAT Stellar Halo and Disk: On the Nature of the Inner Halo along the Major Axis
Authors: Escala Ivanna , Quirk Amanda C. N. , Guhathakurta Puragra , Gilbert Karoline M. , Wojno J. Leigh , Cullinane Lara , Williams Benjamin F. , Dalcanton Julianne 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Stellar kinematics and metallicity are key to exploring formation scenarios for galactic disks and halos. In this work, we characterized the relationship between kinematics and photometric metallicity along the line of sight to M31's disk. We combined optical Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys photometry, from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury survey, with Keck/DEIMOS spectra, from the Spectroscopic and Photometric Landscape of Andromeda’s Stellar Halo survey. The resulting sample of 3512 individual red giant branch stars spans 4–19 projected kpc, making it a useful probe of both the disk and inner halo. We separated these stars into disk and halo populations, by modeling the line-of-sight velocity distributions as a function of position across the disk region, where ∼73% stars have a high likelihood of belonging to the disk and ∼14% to the halo. Although stellar halos are typically thought to be metal-poor, the kinematically identified halo contains a significant population of stars (∼29%) with disk-like metallicity ([Fe/H]phot ∼ −0.10). This metal-rich halo population lags the gaseous disk to a similar extent as the rest of the halo, indicating that it does not correspond to a canonical thick disk. Its properties are inconsistent with those of tidal debris originating from the Giant Stellar Stream merger event. Moreover, the halo is chemically distinct from the phase-mixed component previously identified along the minor axis (i.e., away from the disk), implying contributions from different formation channels. These metal-rich halo stars provide direct chemodynamical evidence in favor of the previously suggested “kicked-up” disk population in M31's inner stellar halo.
Standing Sausage Perturbations in Solar Coronal Slabs with Continuous Transverse Density Profiles: Cutoff Wavenumbers, Evanescent Eigenmodes, and Oscillatory Continuum
Authors: Wang Zexing , Li Bo , Chen Shao-Xia , Shi Mijie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The lack of observed sausage perturbations in solar active region loops is customarily attributed to the relevance of cutoff axial wavenumbers and the consequent absence of trapped modes (called “evanescent eigenmodes” here). However, some recent eigenvalue problem studies suggest that cutoff wavenumbers may disappear for those equilibria where the external density varies sufficiently slowly, thereby casting doubt on the rarity of candidate sausage perturbations. We examine the responses of straight, transversely structured coronal slabs to small-amplitude sausage-type perturbations that excite axial fundamentals, by solving the pertinent initial value problem with eigensolutions for a closed domain. The density variation in the slab exterior is dictated by some steepness parameter μ, and cutoff wavenumbers are theoretically expected to be present (absent) when μ ≥ 2 (μ < 2). However, our numerical results show no qualitative difference in the system evolution when μ varies, despite the differences in the modal behavior. Only oscillatory eigenmodes are permitted when μ ≥ 2. Our discrete eigenspectrum becomes increasingly closely spaced when the domain broadens, and an oscillatory continuum results for a truly open system. Oscillatory eigenmodes remain allowed and dominate the system evolution when μ < 2. We show that the irrelevance of cutoff wavenumbers does not mean that all fast waves are evanescent. Rather, it means that an increasing number of evanescent eigenmodes emerge when the domain size increases. We conclude that sausage perturbations remain difficult to detect, even for the waveguide formulated here.
Characterizing Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection-related Forbush Decreases at Mercury Using MESSENGER Observations: Identification of a One- or Two-step Structure
Authors: Davies Emma E. , Winslow Réka M. , Lawrence David J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The large-scale magnetic structure of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) has been shown to cause decreases in the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux measured in situ by spacecraft, known as Forbush decreases (Fds). We use measurements of the GCR count rate obtained by NASA’s MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft during its orbital phase around Mercury to identify such Fds related to the passage of ICMEs and characterize their structure. Of the 42 ICMEs with corresponding high-quality GCR data, 79% are associated with a Fd. Thus, a total of 33 ICME-related Fds were identified, 24 of which (73%) have a two-step structure. We use a superposed epoch analysis to build an average Fd profile at MESSENGER and find that despite the variability of individual events, a two-step structure is produced and is directly linked with the magnetic boundaries of the ICME. By using results from previous studies at Earth and Mars, we also address whether two-step Fds are more commonly observed closer to the Sun; we found that, although likely, this is not conclusive when comparing to the wide range of results of previous studies conducted at Earth. Finally, we find that the percentage decrease in GCR flux of the Fd is greater at MESSENGER on average than at Earth and Mars, decreasing with increasing heliocentric distance. The relationship between the percentage decrease and maximum hourly decrease is also in agreement with previous studies, and follows trends relating to the expansion of ICMEs as they propagate through the heliosphere.
Can Neutron Star Mergers Alone Explain the r-process Enrichment of the Milky Way?
Authors: Kobayashi Chiaki , Mandel Ilya , Belczynski Krzysztof , Goriely Stephane , Janka Thomas H. , Just Oliver , Ruiter Ashley J. , Vanbeveren Dany , Kruckow Matthias U. , Briel Max M. , Eldridge Jan J. , Stanway Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Comparing Galactic chemical evolution models to the observed elemental abundances in the Milky Way, we show that neutron star mergers can be a leading r-process site only if at low metallicities such mergers have very short delay times and significant ejecta masses that are facilitated by the masses of the compact objects. Namely, black hole–neutron star mergers, depending on the black hole spins, can play an important role in the early chemical enrichment of the Milky Way. We also show that none of the binary population synthesis models used in this Letter, i.e., COMPAS, StarTrack, Brussels, ComBinE, and BPASS, can currently reproduce the elemental abundance observations. The predictions are problematic not only for neutron star mergers, but also for Type Ia supernovae, which may point to shortcomings in binary evolution models.
TEMPLATES: Tests of NIRSpec Observing Strategy, using SGAS1723
Authors: Welch Brian , Rigby Jane R. , Hutchison Taylor A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The goal of this exercise is to determine, for JWST NIRSpec IFU observations, whether dedicated background observations and leakcal exposures are worth the extra observing time. Do you need dedicated backgrounds? They’re important if you want to measure the shape of the continuum; for continuum-subtracted line fluxes it will not make so much of a difference. Do you need leakcals? Leakcals slightly reduced the noise, at a 1% level. If you are tight on time and have decent signal-to-noise ratio for your emission lines, you can probably skip them.
Pelagic amphipods (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyperiidea) from the southern Gulf of Mexico with notes on the distribution of species
Authors: Sanvicente-Añorve Laura , Velázquez Ramírez Barbara , Hermoso-Salazar Margarita 
Published: January 2023

Studies referring the amphipod diversity have been mainly focused on the benthic environment. This study aimed to analye the epipelagic amphipod fauna composition in a sector of the southern Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Previous records in the Gulf mainly comprised the oceanic province; our dataset included both oceanic and neritic zones, off several fluvial and lagoon systems. The biological material comprised 485 data records and a total abundance of 3,802 individuals.
Surveys were conducted at 21 sampling stations around the Veracruz Reef System National Marine Park, a marine protected area in the southern GoM. As a result of this research, we found 16 families, 34 genera and 78 species belonging to the suborder Hyperiidea. Our records include species from the oceanic province (up to 1,200 m depth), such as those from the genus Scinia, members of the infraorder Physosomata. In addition, Lycaeopsis zamboangae were found off the Alvarado Lagoon. Information on the habitat of 78 amphipod species (neritic, oceanic) is provided. The dataset is available at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/af18f3f8-f899-4c97-af47-8a110f856f92