bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating Improvement in Gadolinium Detection for a XRF Bone Measurement System by Averaging Spectrum
Authors: Crawford Daniel 
Published: September 2023

<p>An X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement system involving a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) was used to quantify gadolinium and lanthanum in bone. The 24-hour ex vivo minimum detection limit (MDL) was estimated to be 1.0 µg Gd g−1 bone mineral determined from single measurements of low concentration gadolinium hydroxyapatite (HAp) calibration standards. It was thought that the average of 60 measurements at 24-minutes (equivalent to 24-hours) may improve the detection limit and signal to noise ratio (SNR). </p>
<p>Curve fitting procedures applied to the 24-minute spectrum reduced the uncertainty in measurement. Detection limits from a simple averaging method were compared to the application of the inverse variance weighted mean (IVWM). The IVWM is an aggregating method that could be considered a system optimization with 60 replicates. In either case, with the assumption that gadolinium was uniformly distributed in the phantom material, the MDL was estimated to be 0.8 µg Gd g−1 bone mineral from the aggregate methods.</p>
The Randomised Evaluation of early topical Lidocaine patches In Elderly patients admitted to hospital with rib Fractures (RELIEF): feasibility trial protocol
Authors: Lewis Amanda , Clout Madeleine , Benger Jonathan , Braude Philip , Turner Nicholas , Gagg James , Gendall Emma , Holloway Simon , Ingram Jenny , Kandiyali Rebecca , Maskell Nick , Shipway David , Smith Jason E , Taylor Jodi , Darweish-Medniuk Alia , Carlton Edward 
Published: September 2023

Background: Topical lidocaine patches, applied over rib fractures, have been suggested as a non-invasive method of local anaesthetic delivery to improve respiratory function, reduce opioid consumption and consequently reduce pulmonary complications. Older patients may gain most benefit from improved analgesic regimens yet lidocaine patches are untested as an early intervention in the Emergency Department (ED). The aim of this trial is to investigate uncertainties around trial design and conduct, to establish whether a definitive randomised trial of topical lidocaine patches in older patients with rib fractures is feasible. Methods: RELIEF is an open label, multicentre, parallel group, individually randomised, feasibility randomised controlled trial with economic scoping and nested qualitative study. Patients aged ≥ 65 years presenting to the ED with traumatic rib fracture(s) requiring admission will be randomised 1:1 to lidocaine patches (intervention), in addition to standard clinical management, or standard clinical management alone. Lidocaine patches will be applied immediately after diagnosis in ED and continued daily for 72 hours or until discharge. Feasibility outcomes will focus on recruitment, adherence and follow-up data with a total sample size of 100. Clinical outcomes, such as 30-day pulmonary complications, and resource use will be collected to understand feasibility of data collection. Qualitative interviews will explore details of the trial design, trial acceptability and recruitment processes. An evaluation of the feasibility of measuring health economics outcomes data will be completed. Discussion: Interventions to improve outcomes in elderly patients with rib fractures are urgently required. This feasibility trial will test a novel early intervention which has the potential of fulfilling this unmet need. The Randomised Evaluation of early topical Lidocaine patches In Elderly patients admitted to hospital with rib Fractures (RELIEF) feasibility trial will determine whether a definitive trial is feasible. ISRCTN Registration: ISRCTN14813929 (22/04/2021).
Nanoformulation of Therapeutic Enzymes: A Short Review
Authors: Tóth Gergő Dániel , Koplányi Gábor , Kenéz Balázs , Balogh-Weiser Diána 
Published: September 2023

Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a therapeutic approach that involves the administration of specific enzymes to the patient in order to correct metabolic defects caused by enzyme deficiency. The formulation of ERTs involves the production, purification, and formulation of the enzyme into a stable and biologically active drug product, often using recombinant DNA technology. Non-systemic ERTs often involve the immobilization of the enzyme on a carrier, such as hydrogels, liposomes, or nanoparticles. ERT holds great promise for the treatment of a wide range of genetic disorders, and its success regarding lysosomal storage diseases, such as Fabry disease, Gaucher disease, and Pompe disease has paved the way for the development of similar therapies for other genetic disorders too.
problemática del trabajo infantil desde una mirada cultural
Authors: Ferreño Laura Marisa , Giménez María Laura 
Published: September 2023

El empleo de las infancias en el cultivo de tabaco relata situaciones de pobreza que interpelan el cumplimiento de garantías sociales contenidas en el marco legal que regula el trabajo infantil. El trabajo de campo en las zonas tabacaleras de El Jardín y Rosario de Lerma en la Provincia de Salta (Argentina) reveló que esta práctica social descansa en la dimensión cultural del trabajo infantil, la cual no fue contemplada en las acciones ejecutadas desde la política estatal y las asociaciones civiles. Los primeros resultados evidenciaron que el trabajo infantil es una de las variables que materializa las concepciones hegemónicas en las zonas rurales, amparado en un sistema de oportunidades y favores, de dones y de contradones, de ayuda recíproca entre pares, y naturalizado en la estrategia de reproducción parental.
A study on modeling growth model of Adana pigeons
Authors: ÖZBEK Levent 
Published: September 2023

The study aims to determine a mathematical model that can be used to describe the growth of the Adana pigeon. Since pigeons have only one breeding season, just one or two pairs of baby pigeons are raised per year. Hatchlings sometimes die before reaching adulthood. For this reason, measurements can be taken for 10, 15 and 60 days periods. Related with this issue, only 43-days measurements of 68 pigeons are used over a 6-year period. The study is modelled by taking the day-to-day average of the data (43 days) of 68 pigeons. The study was conducted on 68 Adana pigeons in the interval between the age of 1 and 43 days. The growth of pigeon cub was measured by daily live weight until 1 to 43 days. The estimation is carried out by writing the specific Matlab codes. Classical growth functions used in animals are in nonlinear form. Various numerical methods have been developed to estimate parameters in nonlinear functions. Special program routines have been developed to implement these methods. In these nonlinear models, there are more than one parameter to be estimated. Therefore, the number of mathematical operations in estimating the parameters is large. The most used models in the literature are Brody, Bertalanffy, Logistic, Generalized Logistic, Gompertz, Richards, Negative Exponential, Stevens, and Tanaka. However, as far as is known, there is no published article for Adana pigeons that uses all of these models and compares which one is better. These models are Brody, Bertalanffy, Logistic, Generalized Logistic, Gompertz, Richards, Negative Exponential, Stevens, and Tanaka. The best analysis was done by the Richards model in terms of both the Mean Squared Error (MSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and (Coefficient of Determination) R2 .
A systematic review and meta-analysis of Comaneci/Cascade temporary neck bridging devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Sun Bowen , Lan Shuai , Sawant Harshal , Li Yuchen , Ling Yeping , Zhang Bohan , Wu Pei , Wang Chunlei , Shi Huaizhang , Xu Shancai 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe temporary neck bridging devices represented by Comaneci and Cascade are a type of promising endovascular device for the treatment of intracranial bifurcation or wide-necked aneurysms. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the efficacy and safety of Comaneci/Cascade devices for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search on articles in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science that evaluated the efficacy and safety of Comaneci/Cascade devices for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analytics (PRISMA) guideline. We extracted the characteristics and treatment related information of patients included in the study, recorded the rate of technical success, procedural related complications, and angiographic outcomes. The angiographic outcome was evaluated based on Raymond Roy classification, and adequate occlusion was defined as Raymond Ray I + II.ResultsNine studies comprising 253 patients with 255 aneurysms were included. Among them, eight studies were conducted in Europe, one study was conducted in the USA. All these studies were retrospective. 206 aneurysms (80.78%) were ruptured. The vast majority of patients with ruptured aneurysms did not receive antiplatelet therapy. The rate of technical success was 97.1% (95% CI, 94.9 to 99.3%, I2 = 0%). The rate of periprocedural clinical complications was 10.9% (95% CI, 5.4 to 22.1%, I2 = 54%). The rate of complete occlusion (RR1) and adequate occlusion (RR1 + RR2) on immediate angiography after the procedure were 77.7% (95% CI, 72.7 to 83.2%, I2 = 35%) and 98% (95% CI, 95.9 to 100%, I2 = 0%) respectively. The rate of complete occlusion (RR1) and adequate occlusion (RR1 + RR2) on the last follow-up angiography were 81.2% (95% CI, 69.2 to 95.2%, I2 = 81%) and 93.7% (95% CI, 85.6 to 100%, I2 = 69%) respectively, with follow-up range from 3 to 18 months. 22/187 (11.76%) cases of aneurysms progressed during the follow-up period. 39/187 (20.86%) cases of aneurysms received additional treatment during the follow-up period. No fatal complications occurred during the treatment.ConclusionThe Comaneci/Cascade device can be used as an auxiliary treatment for intracranial aneurysms, with a good occlusion effect, but the incidence of complications still needs to be monitored.
Antibiotic resistance of microorganisms isolated from patients with communityacquired pneumonia associated with the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in a polyclinic hospital in the city of Tomsk
Authors: Perfilyeva D. Y. , Myroshnychenko A. G. , Perfilev V. Y. , Boykov V. A. , Baranovskaya S. V. , Babeshina M. A. , Sirotina A. S. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To study the structure and antibiotic resistance of microorganisms isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in the period from 2020 to 2022.Materials and methods. In total, 1714 medical records of patients admitted to the Alperovich City Clinical Hospital No. 3. The study included cases with the documented diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19. Respiratory samples were collected from patients within the first 24 hours of admission to the hospital.Results. Enterobacterales predominated in the overall structure of microorganisms (46%). Among this group, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca were the most common strains. K. pneumoniae was distinguished by a high frequency of resistance to carbapenems. Pseudomonadaceae ranked second in the overall structure of microorganisms (21%). The proportion of P. aeruginosa isolates insensitive to imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem was 30%, 23%, and 25%, respectively. The study showed high resistance of S. pneumoniae to levofloxacin (30%), erythromycin (60%), and ampicillin (60%). Staphylococcus ranked fourth in the overall structure, represented by S. aureus. All strains were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, and tigecycline.Conclusions. The identification frequency of bacterial pathogens in patients with community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19 did not exceed 8%. Gram-negative bacteria, mainly representatives of the Enterobacterales family, prevailed in the structure of microorganisms. Among gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcaceae were the leading pathogens. The obtained isolates were quite diverse in structure and exhibited an unfavorable profile of resistance to antimicrobial therapy.
Immunophenotypic endometrium profile in experimental hyperplasia
Authors: Volotskaya N. I. , Makalish T. P. , Podgorny G. I. , Kalfa M. A. , Prasolov N. S. , Kubyshkin A. V. , Kovalenko E. P. , Zyablitskaya E. Y. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To study the topography and expression of cell cycle markers, as well as those of inflammation and immune response, by the method of immunohistochemistry using an experimental model of endometrial hyperplasia.Materials and methods. Endometrial hyperplasia was modeled in laboratory rats by ovariectomy and transdermal administration of estrogen to form hyperestrogenism. Morphological changes were verified by a histological method. The immunophenotypic profile was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The obtained digital values were processed by mathematical and statistical methods.Results. The modelled endometrial hyperplasia indicated an increase in the glandular component, a decrease in the expression of estrogen receptors in the uterine horns, an increase in the mitotic activity of epithelial cells in the uterine body, an activation of cell apoptosis in all its departments, as well as a decrease in the expression of plasmocyte markers (CD138) in the stroma of all parts of the uterus and T-lymphocytes (CD8) in the stroma the body of the uterus.Conclusion. Structural changes in endometrial hyperplasia in the setting of hyperestrogenism are caused by cell cycle dysregulation. At the same time, intracellular autoregulation systems are more effective in the uterine horns, with no changes being observed in the expression of estrogen receptors in the uterine body and the mitotic activity of cells being increased. Given the deficiency of immunocompetent T cells, the risk of tissue and cellular transformations increases in this area.
Modeling inter- and intraspecific interaction of microorganisms in a batch culture experiment
Authors: Yakovlev A. A. , Rakov A. V. , Pokazeeva Yu. N. , Shchelkanov M. Yu. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To demonstrate the possibility of using a batch culture model to study the interaction of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonell Typhimurium, which are currently the leading serotypes in the etiology of salmonellosis, in an in vitro experiment both among themselves and in combination with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Shigella flexneri.Materials and methods. An experimental model of microorganism associations in vitro was created by co-cultivation of different microorganism strains in an LB broth. The Salmonella and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis stains stored in the museum of G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology at a temperature of –80 °C were used. The behavior of the associations under study was monitored for 24 h at 37 °C on a shaker. As a control, the growth curves of all the strains in monoculture were studied. The first research stage involved culturing S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium followed by addition of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Shigella flexneri strains (reference strain ATCC 12022) at the second stage.Results. In the control experiment, the growth of the tested cultures was quite similar. However, when grown in associations, S. Typhimurium outgrew S. Enteritidis. A similar study conducted with three pathogens also revealed that, when grown in monoculture, the stains exhibit no significant differences in the growth rates. However, when grown in associations, the growth of Y. pseudotuberculosis is significantly suppressed from the onset of observation during the first hour. Under these conditions, S. Enteritidis takes the dominant position.Conclusion. Our results demonstrate that batch culture can be used to study the interaction between different types of microorganisms, as well as their intraspecific relationships. We assume that the observed behavior of microorganisms can be explained, to a certain extent, by Gause’s law of competitive exclusion. This principle implies that two species competing for the same limited food source cannot coexist in one ecological niche.
Lipid exchange and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Melnychuk I. O. , Sharaieva M. L. , Lyzogub V. H. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To investigate lipid exchange violations, inflammatory markers levels, their connections in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and their role in AF paroxysm development and duration.
Materials and methods. 300 patients were divided into three groups: 27 patients without CAD and arrhythmias formed the control group (CG), 149 patients with CAD but without arrhythmias were included in the main group, and 124 patients with CAD and AF paroxysm were in the comparison group. The average duration of AF paroxysm in the studied group was 2 [1; 3] days (mean [95 % CI]). Such indexes were examined: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lipoprotein (α) (Lp(α)), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apoprotein B (ApoB), C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).
Results. According to our data, CAD is characterized by significant lipid exchange violations (increasing TC, LDL, TG, Lpα, ApoB and decreasing HDL; p < 0.05) and increasing inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6). The presence of AF paroxysm in CAD patients deepened such changes (increasing ApoB, IL-6, CRP; p < 0.05) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was increased (p < 0.05). Significant strong and middle strength correlations between inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6) and lipid exchange indexes (LDL, TG, ApoA1, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1) were found (p < 0.05). For validation the role of lipid exchange and inflammation in AF pathogenesis ROC curve was performed: LDL + 1.6 × CRP, the area under ROC curve 0.8519 (p < 0.05). This formula can help us to predict the development of AF paroxysm in CAD patients. Moreover, a linear regression equation was created: AF Paroxysm Duration (days) = 0.91 × IL-6 – 0.95 (p < 0.05), which will help to predict AF paroxysm duration in CAD patients, too.
Conclusions. AF paroxysm occurrence in CAD patients is based on dyslipidemia and inflammation. It is connected with increasing IL-6, CRP, ApoB/ApoA1 levels. The duration of AF paroxysm in CAD patients directly depends on the IL-6 level.
On the issue of psychodiagnosis of Internet addiction against the background of social isolation and security crisis
Authors: Stoliarenko A. M. , Horodokin A. D. 
Published: September 2023

Aim: to analyze the diagnostic informativeness of the Kimberly Young’s Internet Addiction Test in the conditions of social isolation and security crisis in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on a contingent of 120 respondents aged 18 to 23 students, who have an experience of permanent stay in conditions of social isolation in Ukraine during 2020–2023. The distribution of the contingent by gender was symmetrical. The research method is a structured psychological interview (according to the structure of Kimberly Young’s Internet Addiction Test; in addition to the quantified assessment, the respondent was given the opportunity to provide an open answer and a comment).
Results. The analysis of the correctness of the test questions based on the open answers and comments of the respondents made it possible to establish a number of problems that violate the correctness of the assess- ment, namely: technical anachronisms – cases when the question is based on outdated technical facts that have changed radically since the time of formulation (mostly due to the appearance of mobile devices); social anachronisms – cases when the question is based on prejudice regarding violations of social functioning and social pressure on a person due to the use of the Internet by his social environment; introspection shift – cases when the questions are based on a prejudice about the negative evaluation of using the Internet; situational incorrectness – cases when the question loses its correctness in conditions of motivated social isolation and/or external danger; inaccuracies of translation and adaptation – cases when the translation of test questions into Ukrainian leads to inaccuracy or distortion of the meaning of the original question.
Conclusions. 5 categories of problems with the correctness of Kimberly Young’s Internet Addiction Test have been identified. Each of the 20 questions of the test was analyzed on the basis of the respondents’ open answers and the comments provided by them.
The existing problems of correctness related to the change in the technical paradigm of using the Internet were detected, as well as the socio-cultural changes that have occurred over the last 25 years, and with the situation of social isolation and security crisis, which significantly change the context of Internet use.
This necessitates the revision and clarification of both the phenomenon of Internet addiction itself and the methodology of its diagnosis.