bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR BERBASIS SAKU PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN BAGI SISWA SD NEGERI LAMREH BANDA ACEH
Authors: Bintoro Totok , Musdiani Musdiani , Mardhatillah Mardhatillah , Sari Siti Mayang , Akmaluddin Akmaluddin , Filina Nurul Zikri 
Published: January 2023

A pocket and is practical to carry and read anytime and anywhere. Pocket books are printed media that are used in the learning process. Beginning reading learning for students is needed in preparing for the advanced reading stage. Beginning reading can be interpreted as students starting to recognize letters. The purpose of education is to make a person or student who has broad knowledge and good ethics and can be useful for the students themselves and can apply their knowledge in the community. This study aims to determine the feasibility of books as teaching materials and their effectiveness in improving the ability to read the beginning of the environmental material around the first graders of SD Negeri Lamreh. This research is a type of research and development research. The subjects of this study were the first-grade students of SD Negeri Lamreh. The techniques used to collect data are questionnaires, observations and learning outcomes tests. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of percentages. The results of the study showed that the feasibility was at 96% validation results with 96% design details, 95% material, 100% language and 93% feasibility and practicality. The students' completeness in using pocket books for reading the beginning is 87%. Thus, it can be concluded that pocket books are suitable to be used as learning resources and the results of pocket books are effective for improving student learning outcomes in early reading.
Abstrak
Buku Ajar berbasis saku dan praktis dibawa serta dibaca kapan dan dimana saja. Pembelajaran membaca permulaan untuk siswa sangatlah dibutuhkan dalam mempersiapkan tahap membaca lanjutan. Membaca permulaan dapat diartikan dengan siswa yang berawal mula mengenal huruf. Tujuan pendidikan adalah menjadikan seseorang atau siswa yang mempunyai pengetahuan luas dan etika yang baik serta dapat berguna bagi siswa itu sendiri dan dapat menerapkan pengetahuannya dilingkungan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan buku sebagai bahan ajar dan efektifitasnya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada materi lingkungan sekitar siswa kelas I SD Negeri Lamreh. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Research and Development. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I SD Negeri Lamreh. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah angket, observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistic deskriptif berupa presentase. Hasil penelitian bahwa kelayakan berada pada hasil validasi 96% dengan rincian desain 96%, materi 95%, bahasa 100% serta kelayakan dan kepraktisan 93%. Ketuntasan siswa menggunakan buku saku membaca permulaan bernilai 87%. Disimpulkan bahwa buku ajar berbasis saku layak digunakan dengan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam membaca permulaan.
THE BLUE ECONOMY: A NEW WAY TO SOLVE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
Authors: Varshanidze Nestan 
Published: January 2023

Nestan Varshanidze
Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University
Georgia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-0300

Purpose. This work was supported by Shota Rustaveli National Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG) [grant number MR-21-1059]. This paper discusses the Blue Economy, which responds to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (Goal 1; 8; 14:15; 17). The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibilities of formation of the Blue Economy and its implementation in the world and in Georgia. In order to achieve this goal, among other tasks, it is planned to solve such a task as describing the usefulness of the Blue Economy in economic, social and ecological directions; Review and analysis of theoretical foundations and practical experience of the Blue Economy.

Methodology / approach. The research uses methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison, as well as expert assessments, theoretical studies of international organizations and scientific-economists. Also, a case study method.

Results. The paper discusses the strategic direction and challenge of the Blue Economy as a modern, innovative policy that contributed to the economic strengthening, development and inclusive growth of the country. The experience of the leading countries clearly shows that without the policy of stimulating at the national level, in the conditions of the active role of the countries, individual regions would not be able to consider and improve the existing economic, ecological and social aspects.

Originality / scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the information and scientific conclusions about the modern Blue Economy are provided in a systematized format to the Georgian scientific community and interested parties. It should be noted that researches are rarely conducted in this direction and scientific literature in Georgian is scarce, which adds even more importance to it.

Practical value / implications. For Georgia, as a country rich in water resources in the Black Sea region, studying the successful experience of the Blue Economy and implementing the recommendations based on the research will contribute to the process of introducing and integrating the principles of the Blue Economy in Georgia, not only in the country, but also in the region.

Keywords: Blue Economy, Principles of the Blue Economy, Sustainability, Black Sea, Georgia.
საპენსიო ასაკის აკადემიური პერსონალის გამოწვევები გენდერული ნიშნით
Authors: Kharadze Natalia , Pirtskhalaishvili2 Dea , Dugladze Davit 
Published: January 2023

1ნატალია ხარაძე, დეა ფირცხალაიშვილი2, დავით დუგლაძე3

1, 2ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
3, საქართველოს ფიზიკური აღზრდისა და სპორტის სახელმწიფო სასწავლო უნივერსიტეტი
საქართველო

აკადემიური პერსონალის კარიერის მართვის ერთ-ერთი მნიშვნელოვანი საკითხია, სა­პენ­­სიო ასაკში მათი ღირსეული ცხოვრების უზრუნველყოფა. აღნიშნულ საკითხთან დაკავ­ში­რე­ბი­თ, სხვადასხვა ქვეყანა განსხვავებული გამოწვევების წინაშე დგას. შესაბამისად, საქართ­ვე­ლო­შ­იც განათლების სექტორში დასაქმებულების პრობლემებიც საყურადღებოა. ჩვენ მიერ ჩატარე­ბუ­ლი კვლევაც აღნიშნულ საკითხებს მიეძღვნა.
გამო­კითხული იქნა წამყვან უნივერსიტეტებში მომუშავე აკადემიური პერსონალი, რომე­ლ­თა­გან 71.9% იყო ქალი (453). მონაცემთა დამუშავება განხორციელდა SPSS პროგრამული პაკეტის გა­მო­ყენებით.
ქალთა საპენსიო საკითხები გამოკვლეულია სხვადასხვა მიმართულებით. ერთ-ერთია სამ­სახურის დაკარგვის შიში, რომელიც მოიცავს ფაქტორების რამდენიმე ბლოკს.
პი­რველ ბლოკში განვიხილეთ ფინანსებთან დაკავშირებული უკიდურესად მნიშვნელოვანი პრობ­ლემები, კერძოდ, ხარისხიანი კვება, ჯანმრთელობის შენარჩუნება, ოჯახის დახმარება და სხ­ვა. კვლევის პროცესში ჩამოვაყალიბეთ რამდენიმე მნიშვნელოვანი ჰიპოთეზა:

საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე - საპენსიო ასაკში სამუშაოს დაკარგვის შიში (Q8);
საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე - ვერ შევძლებ მაღალი ხარისხის საკვების შეძენას (q14_1);
საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე - ვერ შევინარჩუნებ ჯან­მრ­თე­ლობის მდგომარეობას (q14_2);
საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე - ვერ ვიმოგზაურებ (q14_3);
საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე –ვერ დავეხმარები ჩემს ახლობლებს (q14_4);
საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე – ფსიქოლოგიურად რთული იქნება ჩემთვის სამუშაო ადგილის დატოვება (q14_5);
საპენსიო დანაზოგი (Q9) გავლენას ახდენს შემდეგ ცვლადზე - გიფიქრიათ, როგორ გაანაწილოთ დრო, რომელიც გამოგითავისუფლდებათ პენსიაზე გასვლის შემდეგ? (q16).

კვლევაში წამოჭრილი პრობლემების იგნორირება სერიოზულ გავლენას მოახდენს უმაღ­ლე­სი განათლების სისტემაში დასაქმებულებზე და შეამცირებს მომავალ თაობაში აღნიშნული დარ­გის მიმართ მოტივაციას. ქვეყნისთვის გადამწყვეტი უნდა იყოს იმ სტრესული გარემოს შემ­ცი­რება, რომელშიც პედაგოგებს უწევთ საქმიანობა. მნიშვნელოვანია პრობლემების გამომწვევი მიზ­ეზების კვლევა და მათი გადაჭრის გზების ძიება.
საკვანძო სიტყვები: საპენსიო ასაკი, ქალები, კარიერის მენეჯმენტი, სამუშაო-ცხოვრების ბა­ლანსი, თავისუფალი დრო
Divinités animales et entités hybrides en Égypte ancienne
Authors: Lenzo Giuseppina 
Published: January 2023

Cet article présente une synthèse du rôle des animaux dans la religion égyptienne en se focalisant tout particulièrement sur le cas des entités hybrides. Alors que l’association avec un ou plusieurs animaux est l’une des caractéristiques des divinités égyptiennes, l’interprétation soulève plusieurs difficultés méthodologiques. Dans la plupart des cas, ces associations sont relativement simples, et mettent en rapport, selon des modalités diverses, un animal avec une divinité ; de telles relations sont alors relativement faciles à identifier et peuvent faire l’objet d’une typologie, en tout cas rudimentaire. Un cas de figure plus complexe est par contre posé par les représentations qui mobilisent non seulement un animal, mais aussi plusieurs motifs iconographiques à la fois. Le présent article commence par identifier les principales formes d’association d’animaux à des divinités, pour ensuite s’interroger plus longuement sur le cas des associations plus complexes, qui sont ici étudiées à partir de deux exemples paradigmatiques : les divinités protectrices et les habitants de la Douat ou monde souterrain.
Insulin-like growth factor type 2 is a better survival marker than insulin-like growth factor type 1 in patients after acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Bronisz Agata , Myśliwiec Bartosz J. , Hagner–Derengowska Magdalena , Xerri de Caro John , Bronisz Marek 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionA decreased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level has been found in heart failure (HF). There are no reports assessing IGF-2 in HF, although in vitro research has shown that IGF-2 stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation more than IGF-1. The study aim was to compare the IGF-1 and IGF-2 concentrations depending on HF exacerbation and annual survival.Material and methodsAmong 75 patients hospitalized due to newly diagnosed or exacerbated HF, the following evaluations were performed: anthropometric measurements, basic laboratory tests, heart echocardiography, and IGF-1 and IGF-2 concentrations. The annual survival was assessed. The participants were divided into NYHA II and NYHA III/IV groups. They did not differ in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglycerides, but differed in echocardiographic parameters, BNP, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Nine (12%) patients died during the 12-month follow-up.ResultsThere were no differences in IGF-1 between NYHA groups and depending on the BMI, carbohydrate metabolism disorders and annual survival. A significantly lower IGF-2 concentration was found in NYHA III/IV vs. NYHA II: 583.71 (162.35) vs. 676.08 (172.09), p = 0.02, and in those who died: 501.47 (172.89) vs. 645.31 (166.17) nmol/l, p = 0.04. There was a positive correlation between IGF-2 and TC: r = 0.28, p = 0.015 and LDL: r = 0.29, p = 0.011 in the whole group and among patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2: respectively for TC (r = 0.31, p = 0.014) and LDL (r = 0.28, p = 0.028). No IGF-1 correlation was found.ConclusionsReduced IGF-2 concentration is a better marker of patients with more advanced HF and a higher 1-year death risk than low IGF-1. Its secretion may depend on the cholesterol concentration.
Abrocitinib (Cibinqo)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: January 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses abrocitinib (Cibinqo), 200 mg, 100 mg, 50 mg, oral tablets.
Indication: Cibinqo (abrocitinib) is indicated for the treatment of patients 12 years and older with refractory moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, including pruritus, who have had an inadequate response to other systemic drugs (e.g., steroid or biologic), or for whom these treatments are not advised.
Monitoring sudden stratospheric warmings under climate change since 1980 based on reanalysis data verified by radio occultation
Authors: Li Ying , Kirchengast Gottfried , Schwaerz Marc , Yuan Yunbin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. We developed a new approach to monitor sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events under climate change since 1980 based on reanalysis data verified by radio occultation data. We constructed gridded daily mean temperature anomalies from the input fields at different vertical resolutions (basic-case full resolution, cross-check with reanalysis at 10 stratospheric standard pressure levels or 10 and 50 hPa levels only) and employed the concept of threshold exceedance areas (TEAs), the geographic areas wherein the anomalies exceed predefined thresholds (such as 30 K), to monitor the phenomena. We derived main-phase TEAs, representing combined middle- and lower-stratospheric warming, to monitor SSWs on a daily basis. Based on the main-phase TEAs, three key metrics, including main-phase duration, area, and strength, are estimated and used for the detection and classification of SSW events. An SSW is defined to be detected if the main-phase warming lasts at least 6 d. According to the strength, SSW events are classified into minor, major, and extreme. An informative 42 winters' SSW climatology (1980–2021) was developed, including the three key metrics as well as onset date, maximum-warming-anomaly location, and other valuable SSW characterization information. The results and validation against previous studies underpin that the new method is robust for SSW detection and monitoring and that it can be applied to any quality-assured reanalysis, observational and model temperature data that cover the polar region and winter timeframes of interest, either using high-vertical-resolution input data (preferable basic case), coarser standard-pressure-levels resolution, or (at least) 10 and 50 hPa pressure level data. Within the 42 winters, 43 SSW events were detected for the basic case, yielding a frequency of about 1 event per year. In the 1990s, where recent studies showed gaps, we detected several events. Over 95 % of event onset dates occurred in deep winter (December–January–February timeframe, about 50 % in January), and more than three-quarters have their onset location over northern Eurasia and the adjacent polar ocean. Regarding long-term change, we found a statistically significant increase in the duration of SSW main-phase warmings of about 5(±2) d over the climate change period from the 1980s to the 2010s, raising the average duration by nearly 50 % from about 10 d to 15 d and inducing an SSW strength increase of about 40(±25) million km2 days from about 100 to 140 million km2 days. The results are robust (consistent within uncertainties) across the use of different input data resolutions. They can hence be used as a reference for further climate-change-related studies and as a valuable basis for studying SSW impacts and links to other weather and climate phenomena, such as changes in polar-vortex dynamics and in mid-latitude extreme weather.
Laser-induced sublimation extraction for centimeter-resolution multi-species greenhouse gas analysis on ice cores
Authors: Mächler Lars , Baggenstos Daniel , Krauss Florian , Schmitt Jochen , Bereiter Bernhard , Walther Remo , Reinhard Christoph , Tuzson Béla , Emmenegger Lukas , Fischer Hubertus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Precision, accuracy, and temporal resolution are key to making full use of atmospheric trace gas records in ice cores. These aspects will become especially crucial for ice cores that aim to extend the ice core record to the last 1.5 Myr, i.e., across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (as currently drilled within the European project Beyond EPICA – Oldest Ice Core (BE-OIC)). The ice from this period is expected to be close to bedrock and, due to glacier flow, extremely thinned with 15 000 years of climate history contained in only 1 m of ice. Accordingly, for a century-scale resolution, the sample vertical extent must be reduced to a few centimeters containing only about 1–2 mL air STP. We present a novel combined system for the extraction and the simultaneous measurement of CO2, CH4, and N2O concentrations, as well as δ13CO2, which achieves a vertical resolution of 1–2 cm (3.5×3.5 cm cross section) with precisions of 0.4 ppm, 3 ppb, 1 ppb, and 0.04 ‰, respectively, in sublimation tests with standard gas over gas-free ice. This is accomplished by employing a directional and continuous laser-induced sublimation followed by analysis of the sample gas by a quantum cascade laser absorption spectrometer (QCLAS). Besides the low sample volume requirements and the vertical resolution capabilities, the described method holds additional advantages over previous methods, including the immunity of the highly specific QCLAS analysis to drilling fluid contamination as well as the non-destructive nature of the spectroscopic gas analysis.
The combined extraction and analysis system was extensively tested by sublimating gas-free ice with introduction of a standard gas to determine the accuracy and characterize potential artifacts. Moreover, Antarctic ice samples were measured to confirm the measurement performance, covering the range of variability expected in Pleistocene ice and highlighting the vertical resolution capabilities critical for its application within BE-OIC.
Evaluating the performance of a Picarro G2207-i analyser for high-precision atmospheric O2 measurements
Authors: Fleming Leigh S. , Manning Andrew C. , Pickers Penelope A. , Forster Grant L. , Etchells Alex J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Fluxes of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in and out of the
atmosphere are strongly coupled for terrestrial biospheric exchange
processes and fossil fuel combustion but are uncoupled for oceanic air–sea
gas exchange. High-precision measurements of both species can therefore
provide constraints on the carbon cycle and can be used to quantify fossil
fuel CO2 (ffCO2) emission estimates. In the case of O2,
however, due to its large atmospheric mole fraction (∼20.9 %) it is very challenging to measure small variations to the degree of
precision and accuracy required for these applications. We have tested an
atmospheric O2 analyser based on the principle of cavity ring-down
spectroscopy (Picarro Inc., model G2207-i), both in the laboratory and at the
Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory (WAO) field station in the UK, in
comparison to well-established, pre-existing atmospheric O2 and
CO2 measurement systems. In laboratory tests analysing dry air in high-pressure cylinders, we found
that the best precision was achieved with 30 min averaging and was
±0.5 ppm (∼±2.4 per meg). Also from continuous
measurements from a cylinder of dry air, we found the 24 h peak-to-peak
range of hourly averaged values to be 1.2 ppm (∼5.8 per meg).
These results are close to atmospheric O2 compatibility goals as set by
the UN World Meteorological Organization. However, from measurements of ambient
air conducted at WAO we found that the built-in water correction of the
G2207-i does not sufficiently correct for the influence of water vapour on
the O2 mole fraction. When sample air was dried and a 5-hourly baseline
correction with a reference gas cylinder was employed, the G2207-i's results
showed an average difference from the established O2 analyser of 13.6±7.5 per meg (over 2 weeks of continuous measurements). Over the
same period, based on measurements of a so-called “target tank”, analysed
for 12 min every 7 h, we calculated a repeatability of ±5.7±5.6 per meg and a compatibility of ±10.0±6.7 per meg
for the G2207-i. To further examine the G2207-i's performance in real-world
applications we used ambient air measurements of O2 together with
concurrent CO2 measurements to calculate ffCO2. Due to the
imprecision of the G2207-i, the ffCO2 calculated showed large
differences from that calculated from the established measurement system
and had a large uncertainty of ±13.0 ppm, which was roughly double
that from the established system (±5.8 ppm).
The AntAWS dataset: a compilation of Antarctic automatic weather station observations
Authors: Wang Yetang , Zhang Xueying , Ning Wentao , Lazzara Matthew A. , Ding Minghu , Reijmer Carleen H. , Smeets Paul C. J. P. , Grigioni Paolo , Heil Petra , Thomas Elizabeth R. , Mikolajczyk David , Welhouse Lee J. , Keller Linda M. , Zhai Zhaosheng , Sun Yuqi , Hou Shugui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. A new meteorological dataset derived from records of Antarctic automatic weather stations (here called the AntAWS dataset) at 3 h, daily and monthly resolutions including quality control information is presented here. This dataset integrates the measurements of
air temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, and wind speed and
direction from 267 Antarctic AWSs obtained from 1980 to 2021. The AWS spatial distribution remains heterogeneous, with the majority of instruments
located in near-coastal areas and only a few inland on the East Antarctic Plateau. Among these 267 AWSs, 63 have been operating for more than 20 years and 27 of them in excess of more than 30 years. Of the five
meteorological parameters, the measurements of air temperature have the best
continuity and the highest data integrity. The overarching aim of this
comprehensive compilation of AWS observations is to make these data easily
and widely accessible for efficient use in local, regional and continental
studies; it may be accessed at https://doi.org/10.48567/key7-ch19 (Wang et al., 2022). This dataset is
invaluable for improved characterization of the surface climatology across
the Antarctic continent, to improve our understanding of Antarctic surface
snow–atmosphere interactions including precipitation events associated with atmospheric rivers and to evaluate regional climate models or
meteorological reanalysis products.
Applying Friedrich Ratzel's political and biogeography to the debate on natural borders in the Italian context (1880–1920)
Authors: Proto Matteo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This paper examines the contribution of Italian academic geography to the processes of nation-building between ca. 1880–1920. With reference to Friedrich Ratzel's works, it explores the ways in which biological and vitalist theories shaped political processes. In the decades between Italy's national unification until the first post-war period, Italian academic geographers helped to consolidate the nation-state by means of theoretical reflection, applied research, and education. The main focus of geographers was in defining the national space and its boundaries, especially by developing a scientific analysis that could establish the exact position of the terrestrial border along the Alpine chain. The scientific topic was strongly connected with the nationalist question of irredenta, which garnered growing consideration in the last 2 decades of the 19th century. The epistemological turn in Italian geography was particularly influenced by new approaches in German geography introduced by scholars such as Oscar Peschel and Friedrich Ratzel and aimed to formulate a general understanding of biogeography in its relationship with the earth's physical space. The reception of this theoretical model in the political debate and the way it was applied in the following decades proved highly significant.