bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do prolonged anchorage-free lifetimes strengthen non-small-cell lung cancer cells to evade anoikis? – A link with altered cellular metabolomics
Authors: Sungthong Rungroch , Khine Hnin Ei Ei , Sumkhemthong Somruethai , Chanvorachote Pithi , Tansawat Rossarin , Chaotham Chatchai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Malignant cells adopt anoikis resistance to survive anchorage-free stresses and initiate cancer metastasis. It is still unknown how varying periods of anchorage loss contribute to anoikis resistance, cell migration, and metabolic reprogramming of cancerous cells.

Results
Our study demonstrated that prolonging the anchorage-free lifetime of non-small-cell lung cancer NCI-H460 cells for 7 days strengthened anoikis resistance, as shown by higher half-life and capability to survive and grow without anchorage, compared to wild-type cells or those losing anchorage for 3 days. While the prolonged anchorage-free lifetime was responsible for the increased aggressive feature of survival cells to perform rapid 3-dimensional migration during the first 3 h of a transwell assay, no significant influence was observed with 2-dimensional surface migration detected at 12 and 24 h by a wound-healing method. Metabolomics analysis revealed significant alteration in the intracellular levels of six (oxalic acid, cholesterol, 1-ethylpyrrolidine, 1-(3-methylbutyl)-2,3,4,6-tetramethylbenzene, β-alanine, and putrescine) among all 37 identified metabolites during 7 days without anchorage. Based on significance values, enrichment ratios, and impact scores of all metabolites and their associated pathways, three principal metabolic activities (non-standard amino acid metabolism, cell membrane biosynthesis, and oxidative stress response) offered potential links with anoikis resistance.

Conclusions
These findings further our insights into the evolution of anoikis resistance in lung cancer cells and identify promising biomarkers for early lung cancer diagnosis.
Complications in Interventional Radiology: the role of clinical governance and iterative hospital systems in quality improvement
Authors: Clements Warren , Koukounaras Jim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs modern Interventional Radiology (IR) evolves, and expands in scope and complexity, it will push the boundaries of existing literature. However, with all intervention comes risk and it is the shared judgement of the risk–benefit analysis which underpins the ethical and legal principles of care in IR.Complications in medicine are common, said to occur in 9.2% of in-hospital healthcare interactions. Healthcare complications also come at considerable cost. It is estimated that in the UK, prolonging hospital stays to manage complications can cost ₤2 billion per year.However, complications can’t be viewed in isolation. Clinical governance is the umbrella within which complications are viewed. It can be defined as a broadly integrated and systematic approach to clinical care and accountability, that seeks to focus on quality of healthcare. This concept incorporates complications but acknowledges their interplay within a complex healthcare system in which negative adverse events are influenced by a range of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. It also includes the processes that result from monitoring and learning from complications, with feedback leading to systems-based improvements in care moving forward. The reality is that complications are uncommonly the result of medical negligence, but rather they are an unfortunate by-product of a healthcare industry with inherent risk.It is also important to remember that complications are not just a number on an audit sheet, but a potentially life-changing event for every patient that is affected. The events that follow immediately from an adverse outcome such as open disclosure are vital, and have implications for how that patient experiences healthcare and trusts healthcare professionals for the rest of their life. We must ensure that the patient and their family maintain trust in healthcare professionals into the future.Credentialling and accreditation are imperative for Interventional Radiologists to meet existing standards as well deal with challenging situations. These should integrate and align within the structure of an organization that has a safety and learning culture. It is the many layers of organisational clinical governance that arguably play the most important role in IR-related complications, rather than apportioning blame to an individual IR.
Moment-to-moment affective dynamics in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: So Suzanne Ho-wai , Chau Anson Kai Chun , Chung Lawrence Kin-hei , Leung Chung-ming , Chong George H.C. , Chang Wing Chung , Mak Arthur D.P. , Chan Sandra S.M. , Lee Sing , Sommer Iris E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Affective disturbances in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may represent a transdiagnostic etiological process as well as a target of intervention. Hypotheses on similarities and differences in various parameters of affective dynamics (intensity, successive/acute changes, variability, and reactivity to stress) between the two disorders were tested.

Methods
Experience sampling method was used to assess dynamics of positive and negative affect, 10 times a day over 6 consecutive days. Patients with schizophrenia (n = 46) and patients with bipolar disorder (n = 46) were compared against age-matched healthy controls (n = 46).

Results
Compared to controls, the schizophrenia group had significantly more intense momentary negative affect, a lower likelihood of acute changes in positive affect, and reduced within-person variability of positive affect. The bipolar disorder group was not significantly different from either the schizophrenia group or the healthy control group on any affect indexes. Within the schizophrenia group, level of depression was associated with weaker reactivity to stress for negative affect. Within the bipolar disorder group, level of depression was associated with lower positive affect.

Conclusions
Patients with schizophrenia endured a more stable and negative affective state than healthy individuals, and were less likely to be uplifted in response to happenings in daily life. There is little evidence that these affective constructs characterize the psychopathology of bipolar disorder; such investigation may have been limited by the heterogeneity within group. Our findings supported the clinical importance of assessing multiple facets of affective dynamics beyond the mean levels of intensity.
Morphometric study of the lumbar vertebrae in dried anatomical collections
Authors: Ashish Sharad , Kalluraya P. , Pai Mangala , Murlimanju B.V. , Rao Y. , Prabhu Latha , Agrawal Amit 
Published: August 2023

Background: The objective of this anatomical study was to perform the morphometry of dried lumbar vertebrae in human cadavers. Methods: This study utilized 200 adult human cadaveric dried lumbar vertebrae. The digital Vernier calipers was used to perform the measurements. The height, antero-posterior length, transverse length of the body of the vertebrae, interpedicular distance at the lateral ends, lamina length, height and thickness, superior and inferior articular facet height and width, mid sagittal and transverse diameter of vertebral foramen, height, width and thickness of the pars inter-articularis were measured. Results: The vertebral body’s anteroposterior length was more at the lower border than at the superior border (p < 0.01). The length of lamina was higher over the right in comparison to the left (p < 0.001). The height of lamina, width of inferior articular facet, diameter of lateral recess and thickness of pars inter-articularis were greater for the left sided specimens (p < 0.01). The statistical significance was not observed for the comparison of the remaining parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This anatomical study offered several dimensions of lumbar vertebrae, which are essential in the surgical practice. The implants at the lumbar vertebrae need to be manufactured based on the anatomical dimensions of that particular sample population.
Potential of goats’ milk from Aceh hybrid and Etawa goats in producing specific anti-S. mutans antibodies as candidate antibodies for caries immunotherapy
Authors: Chismirina Santi , Sungkar Suzanna , Adlim Muhammad , Darmawi Darmawi 
Published: August 2023

Background: Mother goats produce immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a specific antibody in serum, which is then transferred into milk as natural immunity for their children. Based on this, IgG from goat milk has the potential to replace the role of igg from mammalian blood in preventing caries. The goal of this study was to see if goat milk could be used to produce specific antibodies against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) as a candidate antibody for caries immunotherapy. Methods: In this study, pregnant goats were divided into two groups: control and treatment. The treatment group received an injection of S. mutans and then received the second injection, which was the administration of antigen added Freud adjuvant complete (booster 1) subcutaneously, and the third injection, which was the administration of antigen added Freud adjuvant complete (booster 1), and antigen added Freud adjuvant incomplete (booster 2). Blood serum was analyzed qualitatively using the Agar Gel Precipitation Test (AGPT) method to determine antibody formation. Furthermore, colostrum and goat milk were analyzed using the Sandwich ELISA method to determine the formation of anti-S mutans IgG in colostrum and goat milk. Results: Pregnant goats that had been given booster 1 and 2 with a dose of antigen + Freud Adjuvant 1.5:0.5 produced anti-S. mutans antibody titers. Normal levels of IgG in goat colostrum range from 40-60 mg/ml while in milk 0.6-7.5 mg/ml and there is a decrease in the concentration of IgG anti-S. mutans in each week. Conclusions: Colostrum and goat milk produced contain IgG-anti S. mutans antibodies that can be used to prevent dental caries.
Indocyanine green based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in periodontal maintenance patients: a clinico-microbiological study
Authors: Roy Chowdhury Urbashi , Kamath Deepa , Rao Pooja , Shenoy M Suchitra , Shenoy Ramya 
Published: August 2023

Background: Antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of periodontitis is being increasingly gaining attention but at present, very limited data are available on the clinical and microbiological outcomes obtained following Indocyanine Green as the photosensitizer in Maintenance patients. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of Indocyanine(ICG)-green based photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy. Methodology: Using a split mouth study design, 24 participants enrolled in the maintenance therapy, having diagnosed as Periodontitis, were randomly subjected to scaling and root planing(SRP). The test group additionally received ICG-based (Aurogreen®, Aurolabs, Madurai, India,1mg/ml) aPDT with an 810nm diode laser. Clinical assessment of Plaque index, modified Sulcus bleeding index, Probing pocket depth, Clinical loss of attachment and microbiological analysis of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and F.nucleatum were performed at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Results: It was observed that although there was no significant difference between the test and control group at baseline and 3 months, there was a statistically significant reduction in the mean values in both the groups at 3 months. Microbiological analysis showed substantial reduction in detection frequency of the bacteria assessed at 3 months in both the groups. Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, ICG-based aPDT did not show additional advantage over SRP alone at 3 months, though it could be a promising treatment modality in maintenance patients in terms of patient comfort and the treatment time taken. More randomised clinical trials should be employed to understand the exact mode of action of ICG based aPDT and its role in treatment of periodontal disease.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LUNG ACOUSTIC IMPEDANSOMETRY
Authors: Dragan Sergey P. , Bogomolov Aleksey V. , Kezik Vladimir I. , Drozdov Sergey V. 
Published: August 2023

Background. The pandemic caused by a new coronavirus infection has determined the relevance of the development of non-invasive methods for express examination of the function of external respiration in the interests of medical diagnostics and development of personal protective equipment against infectious diseases transmitted by airborne droplets.
Purpose. The purpose was to study the possibility of increasing the information content of diagnosing the state of the respiratory system by measuring the acoustic impedance using the modernized two-microphone method.
Materials and methods. An experimental study of the impedance and biophysical characteristics of the lungs was carried out on groups of healthy (12 heads) and patients with pneumonia (7 heads) male rabbits weighing 2.5-3 kg. To study the acoustic characteristics of the lungs, a direct method of impedancemetry based on a two-microphone measurement technique was used; the determination of the biophysical parameters of the lungs is based on measuring their weight and volume.
Results. The fact of an increase in active energy losses of low-frequency acoustic oscillations during their propagation in the respiratory system has been experimentally established, which makes it possible to create an informative criterion for diagnosing its condition. When examining healthy lungs using acoustic impedancemetry, the active energy loss of acoustic vibrations at low frequencies should not differ significantly from the corresponding values of the energy loss of such vibrations at the resonant frequency. In case of violations of the conductivity of the airways or in the presence of exudate in the lungs, active losses at low frequencies will significantly exceed losses at the resonant frequency: the worse the condition of the lungs, the higher the losses. It has been established that the presence in the lungs of a cavity with its own resonant frequency leads to a decrease in the resistance of the respiratory system at these frequencies.
Conclusion. The experimentally recorded fact of a decrease in resistance at frequencies below the resonant frequency of the respiratory system makes it possible to explain the insufficient diagnostic information content of pulsed oscillometry. To increase the sensitivity and specificity of pulsed oscillometry, it is necessary not to limit the determination of acoustic indicators only at frequencies of 5 and 20 Hz, but to determine them in an extended frequency range with a more detailed step.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF THE HEMOCYTES IN NYMPH AND IMAGO OF BLAPTICA DUBIA (SERVILLE, 1839)
Authors: Grebtsova Elena A. , Prisnyi Andrey A. 
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the research is to analyze how the hemocyte counts and their morphological characteristics change during development of Blaptica dubia, especially during molting. And to suggest a possible scheme of the transformation of spherulocytes into crescent-cells.
Materials and methods. Quantitative and morphological features of hemocytes of imago and nymphs of 1-4 stages of Blaptica dubia using light microscopy and AFM were researched. Cell, nucleus and granule sizes were determined using NIS-Elements and NOVA software. Cytochemical tests with neutral red and alcyan blue allowed us to identify different cell types.
Results. This study presents a classification of hemocytes in Blaptica dubia, that based on morphological and cytochemical characteristics of cells. We analyzed the dynamics of the hemocytes counts in 6 nymphs (1-4 stages) and 6 imago. Special attention is given to the moment of molting. Seven hemocyte types were described and identified as: prohemocytes, plasmocytes, granulocytes, vermicytes, spherulocytes, coagulocytes and crescent-cells. The stem cells (prohemocytes) and spherulocytes were the predominant hemocytes. Prohemocytes counts decrease as a result of insect development, instead the relative number of plasmocytes and granulocytes increases. Spherulocytes counts could increase to 35% at the moment of leaving the ootheca and at the molting period. Due to the study of hemocytes diversity in different nymph stages, interim cells and possible ways of their transformations were identified. The unusual crescent-cells, that were unique for Gromphadorhina portentosa, had been found in Blaptica dubia. For the first time, the cytochemical test allowed to determine the origin of crescent-cells from spherulocytes.
EFFECTS OF THE IMMUNOMODULATOR ‘GALAVIT’ ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF B16 MELANOMA IN MICE
Authors: Yatsenko Elena M. , Baranovsky Denis S. , Pronkevich Marianna D. , Isaeva Elena V. , Smirnova Anna N. , Petrov Vasiliy N. , Ivanov Sergey A. , Kaprin Andrey D. 
Published: August 2023

In recent years, major attention has been devoted to immunotherapy in oncology. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment approach targeted to inhibit tumor growth via stimulating the body’s antitumor immune response.
Purpose. The study was aimed to investigate the relationship between melanoma growth and metastasis in mice with the various schemes of Galavit treatment.
Materials and methods. We used B16-F10 melanoma in F1-mouse as an experimental model. We divided animals in 3 groups: control (no therapy after tumor transplantation); immediate Galavit therapy at a dose of 5 mg/mouse after tumor transplantation; postponed Galavit therapy a week after tumor transplantation at doses of 5mg/mouse. We evaluated the rate of tumor node growth, 50-day survival rate and metastatic development after the 50th day follow-up period.
Results. We revealed 80% survival rate for 50-day observation period in the control group. Interestingly, the 50-day survival rate was 60% for the animals treated with Galavit immediately after tumor inoculation. In other group with postponed Galavit therapy, survival rate was 100 %. A similar pattern was observed for tumor growth rates.
Conclusion. We found that therapy with Galavit a week after tumor inoculation significantly increased the 50-day survival rate, suppressed tumor growth and the development of metastases in comparison with the control group and the group with immediate Galavit administration.
INTERRELATION SYSTEM OF TRANSFORMATIONAL PROCESSES OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC STRUCTURES AND PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY
Authors: Maksimova Tatiana P. , Bondarenko Tatiana G. , Zhdanova Olga A. , Prodanova Natalia A. 
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the problem under study is connected with the identification of the relationship between the transformation processes of agrarian structures and issues of sustainable food security; with the definition of contradictions and uncertainties of the harmonious interaction of different forms of management formed in the process of transformation; revealing their functional differences; typology and scenario forecasts of development. The dualistic nature of the results of the transformation of the main forms of management in the system of the national economy is substantiated.
Purpose. Identification of key aspects of the specifics of the results of transformational processes of economic structures in the agrarian economy of the Russian Federation and substantiation of the importance of a harmonious relationship with each other in accordance with the tasks of food security in the face of modern challenges.
Materials and methods. The methodology of an integrated approach was used based on the systematic approach of Western and Russian researchers, as well as on the methodology of small economic structures Chayanova A.V., Kondratieva N.D. Methods of comparative economic analysis using the data of official statistics of the Russian Federation and FAO, as well as methods of visualizing the results of the study are involved. The case method was used to study the specifics of various economic structures, and the scenario modeling method was used to determine the trends for further development.
Results. Based on a comparative analysis of the results of the market transformation of economic structures and the economic effects of their activities, it was revealed that: firstly, the dynamics and rates of food inflation in the system of the Russian economy are lower than the global ones; secondly, large economic structures prevail in the structure of production and rates of output of food products; thirdly, the predominance of market power on the part of large economic structures leads to the deformation of market relations and the need to find a solution to the problem of creating equal opportunities for large and small economic structures.
Conclusion. The importance of creating a model of harmonious relations between different forms of management is substantiated. Scenario forecasts of possible trends in the further development of small and large economic structures have been made.
FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN ELDERLY PERSONS WITH POSTURAL INSTABILITY
Authors: Shiryaeva Taisiya P. , Fedotov D. M. , Krainova I. N. , Ramirez Navarro F. 
Published: August 2023

Background. Preservation of postural balance allows the elderly people to remain mobile and lead an active lifestyle. There is evidence of the contribution of the ANS to the coordination of postural responses and the maintenance of postural stability in young adults. However, similar data for the elderly is not enough and this issue requires further study.
Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of ANS functioning in elderly people with postural instability.
Materials and methods. In 120 women aged 60-74 years, a survey, anthropometry, assessment of the dynamic component of postural balance by stabilometry and heart rate variability by cardiointervalography were performed. The study group included elderly people with postural instability (60 people), the control group included 60 women who did not report such facts. Data analysis was performed using “SPSS 27.0”.
Results. The state of postural balance in the study group was characterized by a decrease in walking speed (p = 0.008) and a rise index when moving from the right leg (p = 0.016), an increase in the speed of oscillations of the center of body mass in the lifting phase (p = 0.047), oscillations of the center of gravity during rotation when moving on the left (p=<0.001) and right (p=0.003) legs, turn time when moving on the left (p=0.44) and right (p=0.36) legs.
Conclusion. The results demonstrate a decrease in the quality and efficiency of postural balance regulation in elderly women with postural instability. We did not reveal any significant differences in the indicators characterizing the activity of different parts of the ANS depending on the facts of postural instability.