bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in Mechanical Properties of Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Defect Repair
Authors: Wang Wenguang , Shi Yanbin , Lin Guimei , Tang Bingtao , Li Xuelin , Zhang Jing , Ding Xinbing , Zhou Guangzhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerous factors, such as degeneration and accidents, frequently cause cartilage deterioration. Owing to the absence of blood vessels and nerves in cartilage tissue, the ability of cartilage tissue to heal itself after an injury is relatively low. Hydrogels are beneficial for cartilage tissue engineering owing to their cartilage‐like structure and advantageous properties. Due to the disruption of its mechanical structure, the bearing capacity and shock absorption of cartilage are diminished. The tissue should possess excellent mechanical properties to ensure the efficacy of cartilage tissue repair. This paper discusses the application of hydrogels in the fields of cartilage repair, the mechanical properties of hydrogels used for cartilage repair, and the materials used for hydrogels in cartilage tissue engineering. In addition, the challenges faced by hydrogels and future research directions are discussed.
Bio‐Macromolecular Surface Coatings for Autohesive, Transparent, Elastomeric Foils
Authors: Bauer Maria G. , Lieleg Oliver 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThin materials made from elastomeric polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyurethane (PU) can be both, compliant and resilient. Their mechanical robustness and flexibility will make them great candidates for applications in the human body where space is limited and repeated deformations occur. Nonetheless, current medical applications of elastomeric foil‐like products are mainly restricted to inflatable balloon parts of stents or intubation tubes. Here, a key limiting factor is the autohesive behavior of those foils, that is, their propensity to stick to themselves. This property impedes handling and processing and can also interfere with the designated tasks of such foils. To mitigate this undesired behavior, different bio‐macromolecular coatings are applied here and assess their influence on the autohesive behavior, flexibility, and transparency of the materials. A non‐covalent, dopamine‐assisted coating approach is compared to a covalent coating strategy employing carbodiimide chemistry and investigated both, anionic and cationic macromolecules as top layers. The results show that especially the carbodiimide‐mediated mucin coating can efficiently suppress the autohesive behavior of the foils while maintaining the flexibility and transparency of the material. Thus, such coatings can not only broaden the medical application range of foil‐based elastomeric devices but may also prove beneficial for applications in soft robotics.
Branes on the singular locus of the Hitchin system via Borel and other parabolic subgroups
Authors: Franco Emilio , Peón‐Nieto Ana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study the mirror symmetry on the singular locus of the Hitchin system at two levels. First, by covering it by (supports of) (BBB)‐branes, corresponding to Higgs bundles reducing their structure group to the Levi subgroup of some parabolic subgroup P, whose conjectural dual (BAA)‐branes we describe. Heuristically speaking, the latter are given by Higgs bundles reducing their structure group to the unipotent radical of P. Second, when P is a Borel subgroup, we are able to construct a family of hyperholomorphic bundles on the (BBB)‐brane and study the variation of the dual under this choice. We give evidence of both families of branes being dual under mirror symmetry via an integral functor induced by Fourier–Mukai in the moduli stack of Higgs bundles.
PDZ‐binding kinase aggravates pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm progression by activating the AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Feng Tingting , Jiang Ruibin , Yin Lu , Xu Chenyang , Ma Jian , Yin Wenjuan , Jin Jiaoyue , Lu Tingting , Liu Xinyuan , Lyu Yingqi , Yang Ying , Ying Lisha , Hu Qichao , Su Dan , Ling Sunbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe therapeutic effects of existing drug regimens against pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) remain limited, and identifying ideal therapeutic targets is warranted. PDZ binding kinase (PBK) may play an oncogenic role in most solid tumors. However, its function in pNEN remains unclear. In this study, pNEN samples and International Cancer Genome Consortium data were used to determine the clinical significance of PBK. Cell counting and CCK8 assays were used to assess cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to assess drug‐induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. An in vivo PBK‐targeting experiment was performed in mice bearing pNENs. Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry were performed to assess the molecular mechanisms. PBK was significantly upregulated in pNEN tissues compared with paracancerous tissues. Additionally, PBK was a poor prognostic factor for pNEN patients. PBK was found to promote the proliferation of pNEN cells by activating the AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, PBK inhibition combined with everolimus treatment had enhanced antitumour effects on pNEN via inhibiting AKT/mTOR pathway and inducing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. This study highlights that PBK plays an oncogenic role in and is a promising therapeutic target for pNEN.
Factors that affect levels of alexithymia, empathy and communication skills of nursing students in northern Iran
Authors: Sharafkhani Rahim , Nukpezah Ruth Nimota , Lathabhavan Remya , Kallmen Hakan , Fournier Andrew , Hosseini Marznaki Zohreh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe inability of nurses to express their own emotions, understand others' emotions and show empathy could result in communication gaps that could affect patient care outcomes. This study investigates the factors associated with the levels of alexithymia, empathy and communication skills among nursing students.DesignA survey was conducted among 365 nursing students, and data were collected using an online questionnaire.MethodsData analyses were done using SPSS software version 22.ResultsThere was a significant positive association between age and empathy and a negative association between the number of times a nurse took the entrance exam. The level of education and interest in nursing correlate with communication skills. All the predictor variables of alexithymia in this current study were not significant. Emphasis should be placed on improving nursing students' empathy and communication skills. Student nurses should be taught how to recognize and express their emotions. To assess their mental health, they must be screened regularly.
Optimization of interfacial bonding properties between thermoplastic liners and carbon fiber‐reinforced composites by atmospheric‐pressure plasma and failure mechanism study
Authors: Qi Liangliang , Min Wei , Gao Ruize , Li Zhiqi , Yu Muhuo , Sun Zeyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWeak interfacial bonding properties between thermoplastic liners and carbon fiber‐reinforced composites (CFRP) can easily lead to debonding failure, which is a major challenge in development of type IV composite hydrogen storage vessels. We optimized Box–Behnken design atmospheric‐pressure plasma process parameters for maximizing interfacial bonding properties between thermoplastic liner (PA11 liner) and CFRP using Design‐Expert software. From various designs, plasma process parameters, including time (t), nozzle‐to‐specimen distance (d) and gas flow rate (r) of treatment were selected for optimization to assess the effects of their interactions on climbing drum peel (CDP), flatwise tensile (FWT) and asymmetric double cantilever beams (ADCB). The CDP strength, FWT strength and strain energy release rate (GADCB) of untreated samples were 4.2 N·mm/mm, 0.26 MPa and 87.2 J/m2, respectively. After the plasma treatment, optimum process parameters of t = 200 s, d = 12.5 mm, and r = 700 L/h were used to achieve 33.8 N·mm/mm, 2.97 MPa and 1008.4 J/m2, respectively, which were 8.0, 11.4 and 11.6 times that of untreated PA11 surface, respectively. This method has the potential for guiding thermoplastic liner surface treatment of type IV hydrogen storage vessels before winding.
Study of novel androgen receptor V770 variant in androgen insensitivity syndrome patients reveals the transitional state of the androgen receptor ligand binding domain homodimer
Authors: Helsen Christine , Rocca Maria Santa , Nguyen Tien T. , Eerlings Roy , Lee Xiao Yin , De Block Sofie , Vinanzi Cinzia , Di Millo Francesco , Giagulli Vito , Voet Arnout , Ferlin Alberto , Claessens Frank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report the discovery of the androgen receptor missense mutation V770D, that was found in two sisters suffering from complete androgen insensitivity. Experimental validation of AR V770 variants demonstrated that AR V770D was transcriptionally inactive due to the inability to dimerize and a reduced ligand binding affinity. The more conservative AR V770A variant showed a dimerization defect at low levels of DHT with a partial recovery of the transcriptional activity and of the receptor's ability to dimerize when increasing the DHT levels. With V770 located outside of the proposed LBD dimerization interface of the AR LBD homodimer crystal structure, the effects of the V770A mutation on AR dimerization were unexpected. We therefore explored whether the AR LBD dimerization interface would be better described by an alternative dimerization mode based on available human homodimeric LBD crystal structures of other nuclear receptors. Superposition of the monomeric AR LBD in the homodimeric crystal structures of GR, PR, ER, CAR, TRβ, and HNF‐4α showed that the GR‐like LBD dimer model was energetically the most stable. Moreover, V770 was a key energy residue in the GR‐like LBD dimer while it was not involved in the stabilization of the AR LBD homodimer according to the crystal structure. Additionally, the observation that 4 AIS mutations impacted the stability of the AR LBD dimer while 16 mutations affected the GR‐like LBD dimer, suggested that the AR LBD dimer crystal is a snapshot of a breathing AR LBD homodimer that can transition into the GR‐like LBD dimer model.
IEDB‐3D 2.0: Structural data analysis within the Immune Epitope Database
Authors: Mendes Marcus , Mahita Jarjapu , Blazeska Nina , Greenbaum Jason , Ha Brendan , Wheeler Kelly , Wang Jiyao , Shackelford Deborah , Sette Alessandro , Peters Bjoern 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) catalogs T cell, B cell, and major histocompatibility complex ligand information in the context of infectious disease, allergy, autoimmunity, and transplantation. An important component of this information is three‐dimensional structural data on T cell receptors, antibodies, and pairwise residue interactions between immune receptors and antigens, which we refer to as IEDB‐3D. Such data is highly valuable for mechanically understanding receptor:ligand interactions. Here, we present IEDB‐3D 2.0, which comprises a complete overhaul of how we obtain and present 3D structural data. A new 3D viewer experience that utilizes iCn3D has been implemented to replace outdated java‐based technology. In addition, we have designed a new epitope mapping system that matches each epitope available in the IEDB with its antigen structural data. Finally, immunogenicity data retrieved from the IEDB's ImmunomeBrowser can now be used to highlight immunogenic regions of an antigen directly in iCn3D. Overall, the IEDB‐3D 2.0 provides an updated tool platform to visualize epitope data cataloged in the IEDB.
Effects of wild, local, and cultivated tobacco varieties on the performance of Spodoptera litura and its parasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Shi Yimeng , Lin XuanXuan , Li Zhezhi , Xiao Jiawei , Yang Xianjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant domestication can alter plant and insect interactions and influence bottom‐up and top‐down effects. However, little is known about the effects of wild, local, and cultivated varieties of the same plant species in the same region on herbivores and their parasitoids. Here, six tobacco varieties were selected: wild Bishan and Badan tobaccos, local Liangqiao and Shuangguan sun‐cured tobaccos, and cultivated Xiangyan 5 and Cunsanpi. We examined how wild, local, and cultivated tobacco types affect the tobacco cutworm herbivore Spodoptera litura and its parasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis.RESULTSLevels of nicotine and trypsin protease inhibitor in leaves and the fitness of S. litura larvae varied significantly among the varieties. Wild tobacco had the highest levels of nicotine and trypsin protease inhibitor, which reduced the survival rate and prolonged the development period of S. litura. The tobacco types significantly influenced the life history parameters and host selection of M. pulchricornis. The cocoon weight, cocoon emergence rate, adult longevity, hind tibia length, and offspring fecundity of M. pulchricornis increased, whereas the development period decreased from wild to local to cultivated varieties. The parasitoids were more likely to select wild and local varieties than cultivated varieties.CONCLUSIONDomestication of tobacco resulted in reduced resistance to S. litura in cultivated tobacco. Wild tobacco varieties suppress S. litura populations, adversely affect M. pulchricornis, and may enhance bottom‐up and top‐down control of S. litura. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Deoxyschizandrin ameliorates obesity and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: Involvement of dual Farnesyl X receptor/G protein‐coupled bile acid receptor 1 activation and leptin sensitization
Authors: Gu Ming , Feng Yaru , Chen Yujun , Fan Shengjie , Huang Cheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNatural dual farnesyl X receptor (FXR)/G protein‐coupled bile acid receptor 1 (TGR5) activators have received little attention in the management of metabolic diseases. Deoxyschizandrin (DS), a natural lignan, occurs in S. chinensis fruit and has potent hepatoprotective effects, whereas its protective roles and mechanisms against obesity and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are largely elusive. Here, we identified DS as a dual FXR/TGR5 agonist using luciferase reporter and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) assays. DS was orally or intracerebroventricularly administrated to high‐fat diet‐induced obesity (DIO) mice, and methionine and choline‐deficient L‐amino acid diet (MCD diet)‐induced non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis to evaluate its protective effects. Exogenous leptin treatment was employed to investigate the sensitization effect of DS on leptin. The molecular mechanism of DS was explored by Western blot, quantitative real‐time PCR analysis, and ELISA. The results showed that DS activated FXR/TGR5 signaling and effectively reduced NAFLD in DIO and MCD diet‐fed mice. DS countered obesity in DIO mice by promoting anorexia and energy expenditure and reversing leptin resistance, involving both peripheral and central TGR5 activation and leptin sensitization. Our findings indicate that DS may be a novel therapeutic approach for alleviating obesity and NAFLD through regulating FXR and TGR5 activities and leptin signaling.
An adaptive EWMA control chart based on Hampel function to monitor the process location parameter
Authors: Zaman Babar , Mahfooz Syed Zeeshan , Mehmood Rashid , Khan Naveed , Imran Tajammal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe classical memory Exponential Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) control charts (CCs) are important to detect small‐to‐moderate sizes of shift in the process location and/or dispersion parameters. To make the memory control chart (CC) more efficient for broad range of shift, the score functions in particular Huber and Bi‐square functions are incorporated in the classical memory CCs. These score functions help to formulate the parameters of memory CCs and are called Adaptive EWMA (AEWMA) and Adaptive CUSUM (ACUSUM). The AEWMA and ACUSUM are capable to handle various sizes (i.e., small, moderate, and large) of shift. The aim of this study is to utilize Hampel function as the alternative of the mentioned score functions, and propose a new AEWMA CC, symbolized as AEWMAHample. To develop the proposed AEWMAHampleCC, the standard EWMA statistic and Hampel function are incorporated in the classical EWMA CC structure. The proposed AEWMAHampleCC is also efficient to handle certain sizes of shift in the process location parameter. Performance evaluation procedures, like average run length is considered for a particular shift. Similarly, the performance comparison index, relative average run length, and extra quadratic loss function are estimated over a range of shift. All these performance measures are calculated from run length (RL) characteristic of the proposed control chart. An algorithm in MATLAB is developed based on Monte Carlo simulation procedure to generate the RLs. Some existing control charts including EWMA, CUSUM, MEC, MCE, , , IACCUSUM, , and are taken for comparison reason. For specific sizes of shift, the proposed AEWMAHampleCC reveals the superiority. Besides, to address the practical significance for practitioners and quality engineers, the real‐life and simulated data examples are considered.
Prenylated Flavonoids of Genus Epimedium: Phytochemistry, Estimation and Synthesis
Authors: Gani Ifshana , Jameel Salman , Bhat Showkat Ahmad , Amin Henna , Bhat Khursheed Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrenylated flavonoids are the chemotaxonomic markers of genus Epimedium. Icariin, epimedin A, B and C are the main bioactive principles found in Epimedium spp. The chemical and pharmacological studies of a good number of prenylated flavonoids isolated from Epimedium species are reported in literature but their biosynthetic pathways have been explored to a limited extent only and remained ambiguous for a long time. In this review, an in‐depth and extensive coverage of Epimedium prenylated flavonoids is reported from 2012 to 2022 using SciFinder database for literature retreival. The review covers occurrence, synthesis, biosynthesis and quantification of prenylated flavonoids of genus Epimedium.
Core‐shell Nanofiber‐based Electrodes for High‐performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Fan Peizhi , Ye Chengwei , Xu Lan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors are considered as important energy conversion and storage devices, and one‐dimensional carbon nanofibers derived from electrospinning have been widely applied for supercapacitor electrode materials. The integration of carbon and metal hydroxide materials has become particularly important in order to pursue their higher electrochemical properties. In this paper, a one‐dimensional core‐shell electrode with Ni(OH)2 as shell and carbon nanofibers as core (Ni/CNFs@Ni(OH)2) was fabricated by electrospinning, high‐temperature carbonization and hydrothermal synthesis. This electrode exhibited high energy storage performance (785 F g−1 (1 A g−1)), good coulombic efficiency and cycling stability. Furthermore, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) assembled with activated carbons as negative electrode and Ni/CNFs@Ni(OH)2 as positive electrode demonstrated a good energy storage performance (62.5 F g−1 (1.6 V)). Meanwhile, this ASC displayed a significant energy density of 22.2 Wh kg−1 at 800 W kg−1 and an outstanding rate capability, indicating that Ni/CNFs@Ni(OH)2 had a high potential application value in supercapacitors.
Recent Progress in Framework Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Changyun , Zhang Mengfei , Chen Quanzhan , Duan Haibao , Liu Suli 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLithium‐Sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been considered as a promising candidate for the next generation of energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity. However, there are still lots of pending scientific and technological issues to be solved. Framework materials show great potential to address the above‐mentioned issues due to the highly ordered distribution of pore sizes, effective catalytic activity, and periodically arranged aperture. In addition, good tunability gives framework materials unlimited possibilities to achieve satisfying performance for LSBs. In this review, the recent advances in pristine framework materials, their derivatives, and composites have been summarized. And a short conclusion and outlook regard to future prospects for guiding the development of framework materials and LSBs.
Systems Engineering
Authors: Fet Annik Magerholm , Haskins Cecilia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe value of systems science approaches to address sustainability topics has been formally recognized since the publication ofLimits to Growth(1972) and the application of system dynamics to investigate the synergies between planetary activities. Since then, these methods have been applied to address the chaos and reverse the consequences of the anthropomorphous influences at the root of today’s wicked problems – climate change, species extinction, unbalanced social equity. Systems engineering provides theory and practices that are both systemic, systematic, sustainable, and based on the foundations of systems science.
Analytical Frameworks, Impact Categories, Indicators and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Fet Annik Magerholm 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the background for indicators to be used to monitor and communicate the environmental performance of different systems and activities. They are anchored in the DPSIR-analytical framework which stands for driving force, pressure, state, impact, and response. This framework is fundamental to our understanding the background for many of the tools and standards for analyzing, measuring, communicating, and reporting on environmental performance. DPSIR has been developed as a global model for understanding and analyzing the status of the Earth due to changes in environmental conditions and how to respond to these changes. The model can also be adapted for smaller systems, for example, for city or regional systems (Level 4 in the CapSEM Model), for organizations (Level 3), for products systems (Level 2) and for productions processes (Level 1).
Type II double field theory in superspace
Authors: Butter Daniel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We explore type II supersymmetric double field theory in superspace. The double supervielbein is an element of the orthosymplectic group OSp(10, 10|64), which also governs the structure of generalized superdiffeomorphisms. Unlike bosonic double field theory, the local tangent space must be enhanced from the double Lorentz group in order to eliminate unphysical components of the supervielbein and to define covariant torsion and curvature tensors. This leads to an infinite hierarchy of local tangent space symmetries, which are connected to the super-Maxwell∞ algebra. A novel feature of type II is the Ramond-Ramond sector, which can be encoded as an orthosymplectic spinor (encoding the complex of super p-forms in conventional superspace). Its covariant field strength bispinor itself appears as a piece of the supervielbein. We provide a concise discussion of the superspace Bianchi identities through dimension two and show how to recover the component supersymmetry transformations of type II DFT. In addition, we show how the democratic formulation of type II superspace may be recovered by gauge-fixing.