bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient and nursing experience of flash glucose monitoring following kidney transplantation
Authors: Shaban Awf Abdulrahman , Minas Kimberley , Sunderland Andrew , Isard Tarryn , Chan Doris , Lim Wai Hon , Chakera Aron 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFlash glucose monitoring (FGM) is increasingly used for blood glucose assessment due to ease of use and is now subsidized in Australia for blood glucose measurement for patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Dysglycaemia is common following kidney transplantation and is associated with worse outcomes and there are data to support the use of FGM post‐transplant to better detect and manage changes in blood glucose levels. There is, however, no data on patient or staff perceptions of FGM, or resource implications in this setting. We prospectively evaluated patients and nursing staff experiences of FGM compared to traditional capillary glucose measurement in the immediate post‐transplant setting, along with resource utilization, cost of testing, staff time taken to test and accuracy. Twenty‐one kidney transplant recipients had a FGM sensor applied in the post‐operative period and results compared to capillary blood glucose monitoring (CBGM) measured at least four times a day. Six‐hundred‐fifty‐six glucose measurements were obtained, median per patient of 30 readings (IQR 10). Pearson's correlation between FGM and CBGM readings is 0.95 (p < .001). FGM readings were lower than CBGM by an average of 1.2 mmol/L (SD 0.7). Using a 5‐point preference questionnaire (with ratings varying from strongly disagree‐strongly agree), both patients and nurses were highly satisfied with the usability and convenience of FGM, with all preferring FGM over CBGM. Average time to perform FGM was 3.6 s versus 64 s for CBGM. In average, cost of FGM was $58 less than traditional testing per patient. FGM is an accurate, convenient and cost‐effective tool that may support optimal management of glycaemic control in the post‐transplant period.
How to do things with sunk costs
Authors: Zhao Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is a commonplace in economics that we should disregard sunk costs. The sunk cost effect might be widespread, goes the conventional wisdom, but we would be better off if we could rid ourselves of it. In this paper, I argue against the orthodoxy by showing that the sunk cost effect is often beneficial. Drawing on discussions of related topics in dynamic choice theory, I show that, in a range of cases, being disposed to honor sunk costs allows an agent to mimic a resolute chooser, someone who adopts the best plan at the outset of a decision problem and sticks with it, even when resoluteness is unfeasible. I discuss several kinds of cases in which honoring sunk costs coincides with resolute choice.
A conditional gene expression system in Porphyromonas gingivalis for study of the secretion mechanisms of lipoproteins and T9SS cargo proteins
Authors: Sasaki Yuko , Shoji Mikio , Sueyoshi Takayuki , Shibata Satoshi , Matsuo Takehiro , Yukitake Hideharu , Wolf Matthias , Naito Mariko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Gram‐negative anaerobe, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is known to be a pathogen associated with chronic periodontitis. P. gingivalis possesses virulence factors such as fimbriae and gingipain proteinases. Fimbrial proteins are secreted to the cell surface as lipoproteins. In contrast, gingipain proteinases are secreted into the bacterial cell surface via the type IX secretion system (T9SS). The transport mechanisms of lipoproteins and T9SS cargo proteins are entirely different and remain unknown. Therefore, using the Tet‐on system developed for the genus Bacteroides, we newly created a conditional gene expression system in P. gingivalis. We succeeded in establishing conditional expression of nanoluciferase and its derivatives for lipoprotein export, of FimA for a representative of lipoprotein export, and of T9SS cargo proteins such as Hbp35 and PorA for representatives of type 9 protein export. Using this system, we showed that the lipoprotein export signal, which has recently been found in other species in the phylum Bacteroidota, is also functional in FimA, and that a proton motive force inhibitor can affect type 9 protein export. Collectively, our conditional protein expression method is useful for screening inhibitors of virulence factors, and may be used to investigate the role of proteins essential to bacterial survival in vivo.
BLZ8 activates a plastidial peroxiredoxin and a ferredoxin to protect Chlamydomonas reinhardtii against oxidative stress
Authors: Choi B. Y. , Park H. , Kim J. , Wang S. , Lee J. , Lee Y. , Shim D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause damage to various cellular processes in almost all organisms, in particular photosynthetic organisms that depend on the electron transfer chain for CO2 fixation. However, the detoxifying process to mitigate ROS damage has not been studied intensively in microalgae. Here, we characterized the ROS detoxifying role of a bZIP transcription factor, BLZ8, in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
To identify downstream targets of BLZ8, we carried out comparative genome‐wide transcriptomic profiling of BLZ8 OX and its parental CC‐4533 under oxidative stress conditions. Luciferase reporter activity assays and RT‐qPCR were performed to test whether BLZ8 regulates downstream genes. We performed an in silico functional gene network analysis and an in vivo immunoprecipitation assay to identify the interaction between downstream targets of BLZ8.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis and RT‐qPCR revealed that overexpression of BLZ8 increased the expression levels of plastid peroxiredoxin1 (PRX1) and ferredoxin‐5 (FDX5) under oxidative stress conditions. BLZ8 alone could activate the transcriptional activity of FDX5 and required bZIP2 to activate transcriptional activity of PRX1. Functional gene network analysis using FDX5 and PRX1 orthologs in A. thaliana suggested that these two genes were functionally associated. Indeed, our immunoprecipitation assay revealed the physical interaction between PRX1 and FDX5. Furthermore, the complemented strain, fdx5 (FDX5), recovered growth retardation of the fdx5 mutant under oxidative stress conditions, indicating that FDX5 contributes to oxidative stress tolerance.
These results suggest that BLZ8 activates PRX1 and FDX5 expression, resulting in the detoxification of ROS to confer oxidative stress tolerance in microalgae.
Molecular characterization of SrSTP14, a sugar transporter from thermogenic skunk cabbage, and its possible role in developing pollen
Authors: Koyamatsu Daiki , Otsubo Miyabi , Ohira Tomonori , Sato Mitsuhiko P. , Suzuki‐Masuko Hiromi , Shiota Takuya , Takenaka Takano Kohei , Ozeki Masaaki , Otsuka Koichi , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Hayashi Tetsuya , Watanabe Masao , Inaba Takehito , Ito‐Inaba Yasuko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn floral thermogenesis, sugars play an important role not only as energy providers but also as growth and development facilitators. Yet, the mechanisms underlying sugar translocation and transport in thermogenic plants remain to be studied. Asian skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) is a species that can produce durable and intense heat in its reproductive organ, the spadix. Significant morphological and developmental changes in the stamen are well‐characterized in this plant. In this study, we focused on the sugar transporters (STPs), SrSTP1 and SrSTP14, whose genes were identified by RNA‐seq as the upregulated STPs during thermogenesis. Real‐time PCR confirmed that mRNA expression of both STP genes was increased from the pre‐thermogenic to the thermogenic stage in the spadix, where it is predominantly expressed in the stamen. SrSTP1 and SrSTP14 complemented the growth defects of a hexose transporter‐deficient yeast strain, EBY4000, on media containing 0.02, 0.2, and 2% (w/v) glucose and galactose. Using a recently developed transient expression system in skunk cabbage leaf protoplasts, we revealed that SrSTP1 and SrSTP14‐GFP fusion proteins were mainly localized to the plasma membrane. To dig further into the functional analysis of SrSTPs, tissue‐specific localization of SrSTPs was investigated by in situ hybridization. Using probes for SrSTP14, mRNA expression was observed in the microspores within the developing anther at the thermogenic female stage. These results indicate that SrSTP1 and SrSTP14 transport hexoses (e.g., glucose and galactose) at the plasma membrane and suggest that SrSTP14 may play a role in pollen development through the uptake of hexoses into pollen precursor cells.
Description of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from Helianthus tuberosus L. as a composite reinforcement material
Authors: Dalmis Ramazan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural fiber‐reinforced composites are generally known as eco‐friendly, long‐lasting, and recyclable materials. This study characterizes cellulosic Helianthus tuberosus L. fiber for polymer‐based green composites for the first time. Helianthus tuberosus L. fiber has many advantages as a reinforcement material in polymer‐based composites. For example, the high roughness of the fiber surface increases the locking into the composite body. One of the most critical advantages is its high thermal stability temperature of 247.3°C. Other advantages of the Helianthus tuberosus L. fiber are high cellulose content, high crystallinity, and high tensile strength. The hollow fiber structure allows its use in insulation materials. Finally, the high cellulose content of 62.65% supports its usage in various industries, including paper and paperboard manufacturing.
An integrated approach to corporate due diligence from a human rights, environmental, and TWAIL perspective
Authors: Dehbi Fatimazahra , Martin‐Ortega Olga 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTen years since the adoption of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, we have witnessed an increasing trend in Europe toward the adoption of mandatory human rights and environmental due diligence. Focusing on due diligence legislation from France, Germany, Norway, and the EU, this article examines the extent to which these laws are laying the foundations for the articulation of an integrated, comprehensive, and robust framework that effectively fosters corporate accountability through preventing, addressing, and remedying corporate‐related human rights and environmental harms. In this examination, we draw on international human rights and environmental standards and Third World Approaches to International Law, to identify the lessons learned from current approaches and that ought to be considered in future frameworks.
The nonlinear relationship between poverty and financial globalisation: A panel quantile regression approach
Authors: Singh Sunny Kumar , Sharma Prateek , Sharma Swati 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing data from 109 countries from 1980 to 2018, we examine the nonlinear relationship between financial globalisation and poverty. Financial globalisation is further segregated into de facto and de jure dimensions to study their differential impact on poverty. We have two main findings with important implications. First, our results point to significant nonlinearities, indicating that the relationship between financial globalisation and poverty is non‐monotonic. There exists a threshold above which the marginal effect of financial globalisation on poverty is negative. Moreover, the effect of financial globalisation on poverty is stronger for countries with high institutional characteristics. Second, we also show that the effect of financial globalisation is non‐monotonic and heterogeneous across different quantiles of poverty distribution. The effect of financial globalisation is relatively stronger at the higher quantile of poverty distribution for the overall sample. However, we find the existence of a U‐shaped and an inverted U‐shaped relationship between financial globalisation and poverty across quantiles, conditional on a country's economic development and institutional quality. The results are robust to alternative measures of poverty and financial globalisation. We account for unobserved heterogeneity and use multiple econometric approaches to validate our results.
Weed control in wheat with pyroxasulfone and its combinations with other herbicides
Authors: Chhokar Rajender Singh , Sharma Ramesh Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractField and pot investigations were conducted to determine the effectiveness of pyroxasulfone alone and its combinations with other herbicides against diverse weed flora of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) including multiple herbicide‐resistant (MHR) littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.). Applications of pyroxasulfone 100–127.5 g/ha as pre‐emergence (PE) or early post‐emergence (EPOE) @ 63.75 g/ha at 21–23 days after sowing (1 day before irrigation) were highly effective for control of grass weeds namely P. minor and wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Dur.). It was poor for control of broad‐leaved weeds (Medicago denticulata Willd. and Rumex dentatus L.). However, pyroxasulfone in tank‐mix combination with metsulfuron 4 g/ha, triasulfuron 20 g/ha, and pyroxsulam 18 g/ha effectively controlled (96.5%–99.8%) the diverse weed flora and improved the wheat grain yield (69.5%–285.9%) over untreated weedy control. Also, the pre‐mix of pyroxasulfone + pendimethalin applied as PE was superior to either of these applied alone for weed control and grain yield. Pyroxasulfone 100–127.5 g/ha had yield gain of 119.6%–125.4% and 10.1%–26% over untreated control and pendimethalin 800–1250 g/ha, respectively. In pot studies, straw burnt ash drastically reduced the pyroxasulfone efficacy against P. minor and A. ludoviciana. Pyroxasulfone was also effective in pot studies for control of MHR P. minor having resistance against acetyl‐coA carboxylase (ACCase), acetolactate synthase (ALS), and photosynthesis at the photosystem‐II site‐A (PS‐II) inhibitor herbicides (clodinafop, sulfosulfuron, and isoproturon, respectively). The studies indicate that pyroxasulfone as PE or EPOE can be an alternative grass weed control herbicide in wheat in particular for the control of MHR P. minor.
Morphology does not allow differentiating the species of the Phlebotomus perniciosus complex: Molecular characterization and investigation of their natural infection by Leishmania infantum in Morocco
Authors: Gijón‐Robles Patricia , Gómez‐Mateos Magdalena , Corpas‐López Evaristo , Abattouy Naima , Merino‐Espinosa Gemma , Morillas‐Márquez Francisco , Corpas‐López Victoriano , Díaz‐Sáez Victoriano , Riyad Myriam , Martín‐Sánchez Joaquina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMorphological and DNA‐based complemented approaches were applied for characterization of sympatric populations of Phlebotomus longicuspis and Phlebotomus perniciosus in Morocco. Both sand fly species are generally recorded in sympatry in North Africa but on few occasions have been molecularly characterized. The diagnostic confusion of these species has led to errors in their geographical distribution and probably, in the assignment of their role in the transmission of L. infantum. Sand flies were caught inside households in El Borouj, central Morocco, in 2014–2015. For female sand flies, detection of L. infantum natural infection and blood meal identification were carried out. According to morphological identification, Phlebotomus longicuspis s.l. (34.7%) was the second most abundant Phlebotomus species after P. sergenti, followed by atypical Phlebotomus perniciosus (7.1%); 11.6% of the male specimens of P. longicuspis s.l. were identified as P. longicuspis LCx according to the number of coxite setae. The density of Larroussius species was very high (31 Larroussius/light trap/night) in the peripheral neighbourhood of Oulad Bouchair (p = 0.001) where the first case of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum was detected in 2017. Phylogenetic trees based on three independent genes highlighted three well‐supported clusters within P. perniciosus complex that could be interpreted as corresponding to P. perniciosus, P. longicuspis s.s. and an undescribed species, all coexisting in sympatry. Some females with typical morphology of P. longicuspis were genetically homologous to P. perniciosus. The taxa cannot be differentiated by morphological methods but characterized by a distinctive genetic lineage for which the synapomorphic characters are described. Leishmania infantum was detected in females of all clusters with a low parasite load. Population genetics will help to assess the threat of the geographical spread of L. infantum in Morocco by determining the density, abundance and vector role of the species of the P. perniciosus complex identified correctly.
Sensitivity Analysis of Direct Numerical Simulation of a Spatially Developing Turbulent Mixing Layer to the Domain Dimensions
Authors: Colmenares F Juan D. , Abuhegazy Mohamed , Peet Yulia T. , Murman Scott M. , Poroseva Svetlana V. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Understanding spatial development of a turbulent mixing layer is essential for many engineering applications. However, the flow development is difficult to replicate in physical or numerical experiments. For this reason, the most attractive method for the mixing layer analysis is the direct numerical simulation (DNS), with the most control over the simulation inputs and free from modeling assumptions. On the other hand, the DNS cost often prevents conducting the sensitivity analysis of the simulation results to variations in the numerical procedure and thus, separating numerical and physical effects. In this paper, effects of the computational domain dimensions on statistics collected from DNS of a spatially developing incompressible turbulent mixing layer are analyzed with the focus on determining the domain dimensions suitable for studying the flow asymptotic state. In the simulations, the mixing layer develops between two coflowing laminar boundary layers formed on two sides of a sharp-ended splitter plate of a finite thickness with characteristics close to those of the untripped boundary layers in the experiments by Bell and Mehta, AIAA J., 28(12), 2034 (1990). The simulations were conducted using the spectral-element code Nek5000.
A New Strain Energy Function Representing the Passive Behavior of the Myocardium
Authors: Hussein Tawfik M. , Criscione John C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Classical models for the passive myocardium, such as the Fung and Holzapfel–Ogden models, are known to have high degeneracy as well as numerous mechanical and mathematical limitations, preventing their utility in microstructural experiments and precision medicine. Hence, the upper triangular (QR) decomposition and orthogonal strain attributes were leveraged to develop a new model using published biaxial data on slabs of left myocardium, resulting in a separable strain energy function. This new model, the Criscione–Hussein model, was compared with both the Fung and Holzapfel–Ogden models by quantifying the uncertainty, computational efficiency, and material parameter fidelity for all three models. As a result, the Criscione–Hussein model was found to significantly reduce the uncertainty and computational time (p &lt; 0.05) and enhance the fidelity of the material parameters. Hence, the Criscione–Hussein model enhances the predictability for the passive behavior of the myocardium and may serve a role in creating more accurate computational models that provide better visualizations for the mechanical behavior of the heart and enable the experimental connection between the model and the myocardial microstructure.
Enhancing the Thermal Performance of a Central Tower Tubular Solar Receiver With Direct Steam Generation by Using Internal Fins and Thicknesses Variation
Authors: Maytorena V. M. , Hinojosa J. F. , Moreno S. , Durán R. L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the thermal behavior of tubular solar receivers used for direct steam generation, focusing on the effects of different wall thicknesses and longitudinal rectangular fins on the internal surface. The study evaluated six tubes, including two tubes with distinct wall thicknesses (5 mm and 3 mm) without fins and four tubes with fins but varying configurations. These tubes represent external tubular receivers used in solar central tower plants and operate at 4.5 MPa with a nonuniform solar flux averaging 0.8 MW/m2. Adding longitudinal fins to the tubes significantly reduced the maximum temperature on the irradiated surface and improved heat transfer to the fluid. The study concluded that the 45F5 receiver, which has three fins on the internal section, outperforms the other receivers, presenting a higher vapor generation. Furthermore, the 45F5 geometry enhances heat transfer, allowing the lowest maximum Biot number. These results are crucial for designing tubular solar receivers with direct steam generation systems and improving their efficiency in generating energy from renewable sources.
Interactions Between Molten Sodium and Standard Pipe Insulation
Authors: LaBrier Daniel , Harley Jordan , Robbins Morgan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Safety system design and implementation are critical to the operation of any nuclear plant. For sodium-cooled nuclear reactors, hazards external to the reactor core are present in the form of molten sodium that leaks through degraded piping structures. These structures are often clad in high-temperature insulation to preserve the heat needed to keep the sodium molten in the piping. While large sodium leaks are quite noticeable and often result in hazardous fire situations, small leaks of molten sodium are often masked by the shroud of insulation until a large pool of material has collected outside of the failed pipe. This study concentrated on the physical and chemical interactions between molten sodium and standard fiberglass insulation in temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 500 °C. The degradation of the insulation material begins with the volatilization of the organic binder around 250 °C, thereafter the insulation deteriorates at an advanced rate in areas that are in direct contact with the sodium. Chemical profile data were collected for a variety of sample locations that were in contact with the molten sodium, with only a slight increase in the amount of sodium present that can be attributed to the external sodium source. In this way, the molten sodium chemically reacts with the insulation, which accelerates the degradation of the insulation in locations where the sodium is in direct contact with the insulation. These reactions are enhanced by the temperature of the sodium.
Section VIII–Division I: Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
Authors: Roberts Steven C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Section VIII, Division 1 is written for the construction of new pressure vessels, and it covers a wide range of industrial and commercial pressure vessel applications. It applies to small compressed air receivers as well as to very large pressure vessels needed by the petrochemical and refining industry. This chapter provides an overview to each of the parts of Section VIII, Division 1.

History
This Chapter was initially authored by Urey R. Miller, and he updated it for the subsequent second edition. Thomas P. Pastor and Jay Vattappilly revised this chapter for the third and fourth edition. Steven C. Roberts has updated for current edition.