bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoactivatable nanoagonists chemically programmed for pharmacokinetic tuning and in situ cancer vaccination
Authors: Wan Jianqin , Ren Lulu , Li Xiaoyan , He Shasha , Fu Yang , Xu Peirong , Meng Fanchao , Xian Shiyun , Pu Kanyi , Wang Hangxiang 
Published: February 2023

Immunotherapy holds great promise for the treatment of aggressive and metastatic cancers; however, currently available immunotherapeutics, such as immune checkpoint blockade, benefit only a small subset of patients. A photoactivatable toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) nanoagonist (PNA) system that imparts near-infrared (NIR) light-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) in dying tumor cells in synchrony with the spontaneous release of a potent immunoadjuvant is developed here. The PNA consists of polymer-derived proimmunoadjuvants ligated via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cleavable linker and polymer-derived photosensitizers, which are further encapsulated in amphiphilic matrices for systemic injection. In particular, conjugation of the TLR7/8 agonist resiquimod to biodegradable macromolecular moieties with different molecular weights enabled pharmacokinetic tuning of small-molecule agonists and optimized delivery efficiency in mice. Upon NIR photoirradiation, PNA effectively generated ROS not only to ablate tumors and induce the ICD cascade but also to trigger the on-demand release of TLR agonists. In several preclinical cancer models, intravenous PNA administration followed by NIR tumor irradiation resulted in remarkable tumor regression and suppressed postsurgical tumor recurrence and metastasis. Furthermore, this treatment profoundly shifted the tumor immune landscape to a tumoricidal one, eliciting robust tumor-specific T cell priming in vivo. This work highlights a simple and cost-effective approach to generate in situ cancer vaccines for synergistic photodynamic immunotherapy of metastatic cancers.
Intracapillary LPL levels in brown adipose tissue, visualized with an antibody-based approach, are regulated by ANGPTL4 at thermoneutral temperatures
Authors: Song Wenxin , Yang Ye , Heizer Patrick , Tu Yiping , Weston Thomas A. , Kim Joonyoung R. , Munguia Priscilla , Jung Hyesoo , Fong Jared L.-C. , Tran Caitlyn , Ploug Michael , Beigneux Anne P. , Young Stephen G. , Fong Loren G. 
Published: February 2023

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is secreted into the interstitial spaces by parenchymal cells and then transported into capillaries by GPIHBP1. LPL carries out the lipolytic processing of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), but the tissue-specific regulation of LPL is incompletely understood. Plasma levels of TG hydrolase activity after heparin injection are often used to draw inferences about intravascular LPL levels, but the validity of these inferences is unclear. Moreover, plasma TG hydrolase activity levels are not helpful for understanding LPL regulation in specific tissues. Here, we sought to elucidate LPL regulation under thermoneutral conditions (30 °C). To pursue this objective, we developed an antibody-based method to quantify (in a direct fashion) LPL levels inside capillaries. At 30 °C, intracapillary LPL levels fell sharply in brown adipose tissue (BAT) but not heart. The reduced intracapillary LPL levels were accompanied by reduced margination of TRLs along capillaries. ANGPTL4 expression in BAT increased fourfold at 30 °C, suggesting a potential explanation for the lower intracapillary LPL levels. Consistent with that idea,
Angptl4
deficiency normalized both LPL levels and TRL margination in BAT at 30 °C. In
Gpihbp1
–/–
mice housed at 30 °C, we observed an ANGPTL4-dependent decrease in LPL levels within the interstitial spaces of BAT, providing in vivo proof that ANGPTL4 regulates LPL levels before LPL transport into capillaries. In conclusion, our studies have illuminated intracapillary LPL regulation under thermoneutral conditions. Our approaches will be useful for defining the impact of genetic variation and metabolic disease on intracapillary LPL levels and TRL processing.
First BGG operators on homogeneous conformal geometries
Authors: Gregorovič Jan , Zalabová Lenka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study first BGG operators and their solutions on homogeneous conformal geometries. We focus on conformal Killing tensors, conformal Killing–Yano forms and twistor spinors in particular. We develop an invariant calculus that allows us to find solutions explicitly using only algebraic computations. We also discuss applications to holonomy reductions and conserved quantities of conformal circles. We demonstrate our result on examples of homogeneous conformal geometries coming mostly from general relativity.
Improved energy storage performance of Ba(Ti,Ca)O3 ceramics through tailoring phase structure and ferroelectric polarization
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Jiang Tongzhou , Chen Zhihui , Xu Jiujun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A novel strategy was adopted to prepare (1 − x)Ba(Ti0.97Ca0.03)O2.97–x(Bi0.51Na0.47)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 (abbreviated as (1 − x)BTC–xBNBT, x = 0.03–0.15) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics by precisely tailoring the phase structure and ferroelectric polarization. Significant enhancements in both polarization and dielectric breakdown strength are successfully achieved by realizing the phase structure dominated by the tetragonal phase in relaxor ferroelectrics. Notably, the 0.9BTC–0.1BNBT ceramic simultaneously shows an outstanding recoverable energy density of 2.17 J cm−3 and a high efficiency of 84.5% at 240 kV cm−1, as well as superior temperature (20 °C–160 °C) and frequency (1–100 Hz) stability. In addition, the charge–discharge test results show that the 0.9BTC–0.1BNBT ceramic has an ultra-fast discharge rate of t
0.9 ∼ 75 ns, an ultra-high power density of 27.7 MW cm−3 and a high discharge energy density of 0.58 J cm−3. This work not only provides a promising energy storage material for pulse capacitors, but also presents an effective method for developing new high-performance BaTiO3-based dielectric materials.
Enhanced ammonia sensing response based on Pt-decorated Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 composite at room temperature
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Wang Li , Zou Yecheng , Li Yongzhe , Xuan Jingyue , Wang Xiaomei , Jia Fuchao , Yin Guangchao , Sun Meiling 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Herein, we report a Pt-decorated Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 gas sensor for the enhanced NH3 sensing response at room temperature. Firstly, the TiO2 nanosheets (NSs) are in situ grown onto the two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2T
x
by hydrothermal treatment. Similar to Ti3C2T
x
sensor, the Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 sensor has a positive resistance variation upon exposure to NH3, but with slight enhancement in response. However, after the loading of Pt nanoparticles (NPs), the Pt-Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 sensor shows a negative response with significantly improved NH3 sensing performance. The shift in response direction indicates that the dominant sensing mechanism has changed under the sensitization effect of Pt NPs. At room temperature, the response of Pt-Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 gas sensor to 100 ppm NH3 is about 45.5%, which is 13.8- and 10.8- times higher than those of Ti3C2T
x
and Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 gas sensors, respectively. The experimental detection limit of the Pt-Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 gas sensor to detect NH3 is 10 ppm, and the corresponding response is 10.0%. In addition, the Pt-Ti3C2T
x
/TiO2 gas sensor shows the fast response/recovery speed (23/34 s to 100 ppm NH3), high selectivity and good stability. Considering both the response value and the response direction, the corresponding gas-sensing mechanism is also deeply discussed. This work is expected to shed a new light on the development of noble metals decorated MXene-metal oxide gas sensors.
Local well-posedness of a nonlinear Fokker–Planck model
Authors: Epshteyn Yekaterina , Liu Chang , Liu Chun , Mizuno Masashi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Noise or fluctuations play an important role in the modeling and understanding of the behavior of various complex systems in nature. Fokker–Planck equations are powerful mathematical tools to study behavior of such systems subjected to fluctuations. In this paper we establish local well-posedness result of a new nonlinear Fokker–Planck equation. Such equations appear in the modeling of the grain boundary dynamics during microstructure evolution in the polycrystalline materials and obey special energy laws.
Investigation on recovery stress and stability of hot-drawn Ni47Ti44Nb9 SMA
Authors: Pan Shengshan , Yan Dong , Zhang Xue , Zou Cunyu , Chen Yuanmeng , Hui Huaxing , Chen Sile , Andrawes Bassem 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ni47Ti44Nb9 shape memory alloys (SMAs) have been studied as a seismic confinement reinforcement for bridge pier columns. The confinement method relies on the force generated in SMA because of the thermally activated recovery stress. Most of the work done on NiTiNb focused on characterizing the behavior of annealed wires, and almost no work was done on the application of hot-drawn wires despite their cost-effectiveness. Aiming at exploring the usability of hot-drawn NiTiNb SMA as pier reinforcement, this paper focuses on investigating the specific thermomechanical characteristics of the hot-drawn wires including pretension characteristics, thermal activation, and partial recovery of recoverable strain. The recovery stress stability of constraint SMA under cyclic loads both in room temperature and low temperature are also studied. The states of recovery stress and its stability are mainly evaluated by three tests: pretension test, thermal activation test, and cyclic loading test. A total of 54 specimens were tested in the experiment. The results indicate that hot-drawn NiTiNb SMA could obtain sufficient recovery stress (about 480 MPa) when deformed at room temperature which has not been found in annealed SMA. Small partial recovery shape (48% recoverable strain loss in this paper) would not notably reduce recovery stress. Moreover, the stability of recovery stress under cyclic loading and low temperature could satisfy the demands of pier column reinforcement for practical use.
Propagation of hollow higher-order cosh-Gaussian beam in oceanic turbulence
Authors: Elmabruk Kholoud , Bayraktar Mert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The averaged received intensity of hollow higher-order cosh-Gaussian (HHOCG) beam propagating in oceanic turbulence is derived based on extended Huygens–Fresnel integral. In detail, the effect of beam parameters and oceanic turbulence parameters on the received intensity is analyzed. Interestingly, beam has a focusing nature along propagation. Our results indicate that received intensity distribution is not affected from the variation in source field parameters. Beam size at the receiver plane can vary according to the changes in turbulence nature. Accordingly, the provided results will contribute to the improvement of both underwater optical communication and imaging systems.
The halo bias for number counts on the light cone from relativistic N-body simulations
Authors: Lepori Francesca , Schulz Sebastian , Adamek Julian , Durrer Ruth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present the halo number counts and its two-point statistics, the observable angular
power spectrum, extracted for the first time from relativistic N-body simulations. The halo
catalogues used in this work are built from the relativistic N-body code gevolution, and
the observed redshift and angular positions of the sources are computed using a non-perturbative
ray-tracing method, which includes all relativistic scalar contributions to the number counts. We
investigate the validity and limitations of the linear bias prescription to describe our simulated
power spectra. In particular, we assess the consistency of different bias measurements on large
scales, and we estimate up to which scales a linear bias is accurate in modelling the data, within
the statistical errors. We then test a second-order perturbative bias expansion for the angular
statistics, on a range of redshifts and scales previously unexplored in this context, that is 0.4 ≤ z̅ ≤ 2 up to scales ℓ
max ∼ 1000. We find that the angular
power spectra at equal redshift can be modelled with high accuracy with a minimal extension of the
number of bias parameters, that is using a two-parameter model comprising linear bias and tidal
bias. We show that this model performs significantly better than a model without tidal bias but
with quadratic bias as extra degree of freedom, and that the latter is inaccurate at z̅ ≥
0.7. Finally, we extract from our simulations the cross-correlation of halo number counts and
lensing convergence. We show that the estimate of the linear bias from this cross-correlation is
consistent with the measurements based on the clustering statistics alone, and that it is crucial
to take into account the effect of magnification in the halo number counts to avoid systematic
shifts in the computed bias.
Overview of TOMAS plasma diagnostics
Authors: Kovtun Yu. , Goriaev A. , López-Rodríguez D. , Dittrich L. , Petersson P. , Moon S. , Wauters T. , Crombé K. , Möller S. , Buermans J. , Verstraeten M. , Brezinsek S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an overview of the TOMAS plasma diagnostics. The Langmuir probe method is employed to measure electron temperature, density and floating potential distributions.Two triple probes (horizontal and vertical distributions) and a single probe (horizontal distribution) are used. The measured plasma parameters by the triple and single probes are compared. The ion and neutral atom flux and energy distribution is respectively characterized with a Residual Field Energy Analyzer and a Time-of-Flight Neutral Particle Analyzer. To determine the elemental/charge content of the plasma, the passive method of time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy is used. The time dependence of the integral flow of plasma emission from the discharge is registered by a photodetector. Using a filter allows the photodetector to measure spectral line intensities. To record a wide variety of plasma events several video diagnostics are used. It includes slow video cameras and one high-speed camera in the visible range including Hα.
Copolymer functional groups modulate extracellular trap accumulation and inflammatory markers in HL60 and murine neutrophils
Authors: Fong Victoria M , Wells Laura A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Undesirable host responses to implants commonly lead to impaired device function. As the first immune cell to respond to inflammation, activated neutrophils release antimicrobials and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that prime microenvironments for macrophages and other infiltrating cells. This research aims to understand how functional groups in copolymers of isodecyl acrylate (IDA) that are known to modulate healing in vivo, modulate neutrophil cells. Phorbol myristate acetate-activated HL60 cells and bone marrow-derived murine neutrophils (BMDN) were incubated with coatings of IDA copolymerized with, methacrylic acid (MAA films), methyl methacrylate (MM films), or MM functionalized with hexamethylenediamine (HMD films). Cells incubated on HMD films resulted in increased accumulation of NETs at the film’s surface in comparison to other copolymers because of increased adhesion of HL60 onto HMD films or increased rates of NETosis from BMDN. Overall, lower inflammation was observed with cells on MAA films. HL60 cells had no increase in classical inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and intracellular adhesion molecule-1, whereas HL60 on HMD films had increases in these same markers. Taken together, these studies give important insights into how neutrophils interact differently with functionalized copolymers and the proteins that adsorb to them, with MAA (carboxyl groups) leading to behavior associated with lower inflammation and HMD (amine groups) with higher inflammation and accumulation of NETs.
How can computable general equilibrium models serve low-carbon policy? A systematic review
Authors: An Kangxin , Zhang Shihui , Zhou Jiaxin , Wang Can 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models have been widely employed in economic, social, and environmental impact assessments for low-carbon policies. As net-zero transition has become a global trend, it is crucial to conduct a systematic review of how CGE models serve low-carbon policies. This review examined 1002 studies published between 2001 and 2021, revealing the application of CGE models in low-carbon policy analysis by researchers in 51 countries, including the United States, China, Western Europe, Japan, and Australia, while studies in Latin America, Central Asia and Eastern Europe are limited. Climate targets, carbon pricing, and energy policy are the main policy focuses of CGE analysis, while land policy, demand-side actions, and several other policies are less studied. In addition, CGE analysis generally focuses on the economic impacts of carbon reduction, with a growing amount of attention on social and environmental consequences. The structure, database, and model coupling techniques of CGE models are becoming more complex in order to serve the increasingly multifaceted and diverse policy study purposes. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the research trends of CGE studies on low-carbon policies, thus improving our understanding on low-carbon policies, multiple impacts, and CGE models. We also identify the gaps and potential cutting-edge techniques of current low-carbon policy research. Future work should improve the capacity of CGE models to simulate actual ‘second-best’ policies, provide feedback of complex impacts on policy optimization, and enhance dynamic mechanisms on structural change.
Carbon-based perovskite solar cells with electron and hole-transporting/-blocking layers
Authors: Yu Wenjin , Zou Yu , Zhang Shining , Liu Zishi , Wu Cuncun , Qu Bo , Chen Zhijian , Xiao Lixin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Towards commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), further reducing the cost and increasing the stability of PSCs have been the most important tasks of researchers, as the efficiency of single-junction PSCs has reached a competitive level among all kinds of single-junction solar cells. Carbon-electrode-based PSCs (CPSCs), as one of the most promising constructions for achieving stable economical PSCs, now attract enormous attention for their cost-effectiveness and stability. Here, we briefly review the development of CPSCs and reveal the importance of n-i-p architecture for state-of-the-art CPSCs. However, despite their promising potential, challenges still exist in CPSCs in the n-i-p architecture, which mainly stem from the incompact contact of the hole-transporting layer (HTL)/carbon electrode. Thus, new carbon materials and/or novel manufacturing methods should be proposed. In addition, HTL is yet to be appropriate for state-of-the-art CPSCs because the fabrication of carbon electrode could result in the destruction of the underlayer. To further enhance the performance of CPSCs, both the HTL and electron transport layer as well as their interfaces with perovskite active layer need to be improved. We recommend that the perovskite active layer, with its long carrier lifetime, strong carrier transport capability, and long-term stability, is necessary as well for improved performance of CPSCs. We also highlight current researches on CPSCs and provide a systematic review of various types of regulation tools.
Poorer Inhibitory Control Uniquely Contributes to Greater Functional Disability in Post-9/11 Veterans
Authors: DeGutis Joseph , Agnoli Sam , Bernstein John P K , Jagger-Rickels Audreyana , Evans Travis C , Fortier Catherine B , McGlinchey Regina E , Milberg William P , Esterman Michael 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
Post-9/11 Veterans endorse greater self-reported functional disability than 80% of the adult population. Previous studies of trauma-exposed populations have shown that increased post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms are consistently associated with greater disability. Additionally, poorer cognitive performance in the domain of executive functions, particularly inhibitory control, has been associated with disability, though it is unclear if this effect is independent of and/or interacts with PTSD and depression.

Method
Three overlapping samples of n = 582, 297, and 183 combat-deployed post-9/11 Veterans completed comprehensive assessments of executive functions, PTSD and depressive symptoms, and self-reported World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-II (WHODAS II).

Results
Poorer performance on measures of inhibitory control (Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System Color-Word Interference-CWI Test and gradual-onset Continuous Performance Test-gradCPT), but not other executive functions, were significantly associated with greater disability on the WHODAS II (ρ’s = −.13 and −.13, p = .002 and .026, respectively). CWI inhibitory control measures accounted for unique variance in disability after controlling for PTSD and depressive symptoms (R2 change = 0.02, p &lt; .001). Further, CWI significantly moderated the effect of depressive symptoms on disability, such that better inhibitory control weakened the relationship between depression and disability.

Conclusions
Inhibitory control deficits are uniquely associated with increased disability in combat-deployed post-9/11 Veterans, and better inhibitory control abilities may serve as a protective factor for depressive symptoms leading to increased disability.

Key Points

Question
In a trauma-exposed Veteran population, does inhibitory control predict functional disability above and beyond PTSD and depressive symptoms?

Findings
After controlling for PTSD and depressive symptoms, inhibitory control explained unique variance in self-reported disability. Inhibitory control also showed a moderation effect on depression where greater inhibitory control on the color-word interference test reduced the association between depression and disability symptoms.

Importance
Inhibitory control represents an important mechanism in understanding and improving daily life functioning in trauma-exposed Veteran populations.

Next Steps
Future research should further characterize the different aspects of inhibitory control deficits in trauma-exposed populations and focus on enhancing inhibitory control paired with more standard psychological distress treatments.
Sampling distribution for single-regression Granger causality estimators
Authors: Gutknecht A J , Barnett L 
Published: February 2023

SummaryThe single-regression Granger–Geweke causality estimator has previously been shown to solve known problems associated with the more conventional likelihood ratio estimator; however, its sampling distribution has remained unknown. We show that, under the null hypothesis of vanishing Granger causality, the single-regression estimator converges to a generalized χ2 distribution, which is well approximated by a Γ distribution. We show that this holds too for Geweke’s spectral causality averaged over a given frequency band, and derive explicit expressions for the generalized χ2 and Γ-approximation parameters in both cases. We present a Neyman–Pearson test based on the single-regression estimators, and discuss how it may be deployed in empirical scenarios. We outline how our analysis may be extended to the conditional case, point-frequency spectral Granger causality and the important case of state-space Granger causality.