bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A National Survey of Nursing Faculty Resilience, Moral Courage, and Purpose
Authors: Stephens Teresa Maggard , Layne Diana 
Published: July 2023

Background:
High rates of nursing faculty burnout and moral distress fuel faculty attrition, which directly affects our ability to educate new nurses. This study investigated the relationships among resilience, moral courage, and purpose to inform strategies to promote well-being in nursing faculty.

Method:

A descriptive, correlational study was conducted using a convenience sample of nursing faculty in the United States and Canada (
n
= 690). Participants completed three surveys: the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Moral Courage Scale for Nursing Faculty (MCNF), and the Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MSQ), as well as a single open-ended question.

Results:
Moral courage was moderately correlated to resilience, and the Meaning of Life Presence subscale was moderately correlated to resilience. Meaning of life presence and meaning of life search were moderately negatively correlated.

Conclusion:

Resilience, moral courage, and purpose are essential in promoting professional fulfillment and personal well-being in nursing faculty.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2023;62(7):381–386.]
Effect of Aging and Thermocycling on Flexural Strength of PEEK as a Provisional Restoration for Full Mouth Rehabilitation – An in Vitro Study
Authors: Priya Dhivya J , Lambodharan R , Balakrishnan Sivasaranya , Muthukumar R , Selvaraj Sabarinathan , Ramalingam Sridharan 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
To compare the flexural strength of autopolymerizing poly methyl methacrylate resins (PMMA) resin, CAD/CAM milled PMMA and CAD/CAM milled poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) when used as provisional restorative materials for long span situations in full mouth rehabilitation after aging and thermocycling.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty samples (25 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm) were fabricated using autopolymerizing PMMA resin (GROUP I), CAD/CAM milled PMMA (GROUP II) and PEEK (GROUP III). The groups were subdivided into A and B and subjected to 7 days of aging and 500 cycles of thermocycling (subgroup A) and 14 days of aging and 1000 cycles of thermocycling (subgroup B), respectively, and flexural strength was evaluated using a three-point bend test. The data were analyzed with student t test and pair-wise comparison of mean values was done by ANOVA.

Results:
The flexural strength of PEEK subjected to 7 days of aging and 500 cycles of thermocycling (III (A) - 6628.70 MPa) was the highest among all groups followed by PEEK subjected to 14 days of aging and 1000 cycles of thermocycling (III (B) - 3760.50 MPa).

Conclusion:
The mean flexural strength of PEEK was statistically significant than the other two materials tested and hence can be recommended for use as a provisional restorative material for long span situations in full mouth rehabilitation. However, the mean flexural strength of PEEK reduced approximately by 44% when subjected to further aging.
Development and Psychometric Validation of the Orthodontic Health Literacy Tool
Authors: Marella Yamuna , Chandu Viswa Chaitanya , Almalki Abdullah , Bommireddy Vikramsimha , Lanka Devikanth , Kandikatla Pradeep 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Over the past few years, there has been increasing emphasis on context-specific health literacy. However, no such context-specific psychometric tools are available with regard to oral health literacy. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an Orthodontic Health Literacy Tool (Orth-HLT).

Materials and Methods:
After development of initial item pool, the items were assessed for content validity. The final tool consisted of 22 items in the four domains of functional, communicative, critical orthodontic health literacy, and orthodontic knowledge. Orth-HLT was administered to a convenience sample of 642 subjects. The data were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using IBM SPSS Version 20.0 software and IBM SPSS Amos 26.0, respectively. Pearson's correlation, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were performed.

Results:
Orth-HLT demonstrated good face and content validity. The domain-specific internal consistency reliability values were optimal. Exploratory factor analysis on the items in all four domains resulted in a single factor solution. Four models were evaluated in the confirmatory factor analysis; the correlated factors model showed best model fit indices. Each domain of Orth-HLT showed moderate to strong positive correlation with Indian Oral Health Literacy Measure in Telugu indicating the convergent validity of the tool.

Conclusion:
Orth-HLT is the first context-specific oral health literacy tool and demonstrates strong psychometric properties, which could be used to evaluate orthodontic health literacy and articulate orthodontic health education materials in an informed manner.
Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning Efficacy of Selfadjusting Files, Protaper Rotary, and Manual K-Files in Primary Teeth - An in Vitro Comparative Study
Authors: Challagulla Anusha , Chandrappa Vinay , Akurathi Ratnaditya , Mrudula K J N , Vemagiri Charan Teja , Thote Kiranmayi 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The success of pulpectomy depends on complete eradication of microbial load by cleaning and shaping the primary root canals that is difficult to achieve because of anatomical intricacy of primary pulp dentin complex. Numerous instruments were tried, however, they proved to be inadequate. Selfadjusting file (SAF) is a newer file system that facilitates less dentin removal with maximal cleansing of root canals.

Aim:
To evaluate and compare the in vitro root canal cleaning efficacy with SAF, Protaper Universal, and Hand K-files in primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty extracted primary anterior teeth were randomly divided into three groups by lottery method. Access cavity was prepared, the canals were enlarged up to 20 K file, and an Indian ink was injected into each canal. Then the Group I (n = 20) was treated with SAF, Group II (n = 20) with Rotary Protaper Universal and Group III (n = 20) with Hand K-files and the root canal cleaning efficacy was evaluated based on the amount of Indian ink remaining in the canal walls under stereomicroscopy. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis one way ANOVA test and post hoc Tuckey test for intragroup and intergroup comparison, respectively.

Results:
A statistically highly significant difference was observed with SAF (mean = 1.5), Protaper (mean = 2.5), and Hand K-files (mean = 2.9). However, there was no significant difference in root canal cleaning efficacy with Protaper Universal and Hand K-files.

Conclusion:
The SAFs had shown superior cleaning efficacy compared with rotary Protaper Universal and manual K files.
Comparison of Fracture Resistance of Simulated Immature Teeth Using Four Different Commercially Available Apexification Materials - An in Vitro Study
Authors: Zanjad Supriya R. , Justin Robert M. , Patil Pranjali N. , Sarda Aditi S. , Srivastava Himanshu M. , Darade Lalit D. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth using four different apical plug materials, i.e. Pro- Root MTA, Neo- MTA Plus, Biodentine, and Bioactive Glass.

Materials and Methods:
80 extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were divided into 4 groups for this study. They were prepared using Peeso reamers to simulate immature teeth and to mimic Cvek's stage 3 of root development. A 5 mm apical barrier was placed using different materials. The remaining canal was obturated using gutta-percha and AH plus sealer. The final samples were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity for 4 weeks. Fracture resistance of the teeth was measured in Newtons using a universal testing machine. The comparison of fracture resistance between the four groups was done using Kruskal Walis ANOVA followed by post hoc Mann Whitney U test for pairwise comparison.

Results:
Biodentine group showed the highest fracture resistance as compared to the other three groups and the difference was highly significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Biodentine can be advocated over MTA as an effective material for the management of teeth with wide open apex. Bioactive glass also has shown promising results in increasing the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth.
Knowledge, attitude, and awareness of tooth stem cell banking among dentists
Authors: Fathima I. Afreen , Rohini S. , Aparna S , Kumar P. D. Madan 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
In the rural population of South India, tooth loss affects 48.7% of people. In addition, there are now more patients with more than five congenitally missing adult teeth. This may cause a person’s quality of life to decline and cause them to experience both physical and psychological discomfort.

Materials and Methods:
The current cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period of month using a questionnaire-based survey (February 2022). Using G-POWER software version 3.1, the minimum sample size was calculated as 100 people, considering a study with an 80% power and a = 0.5.

Results:
Around 59.6% have answered right when asked about the source of dental stem cells (DSCs). 13.5 percentage have no idea about sourcing of stem cells, 6.7% state dental pulp stem cell, a very small population state periodontal tissue to be the source, while a minor group state it to be from apical papilla, <1% have no idea.

Conclusion:
Data of this study indicate that although there is typically good awareness regarding DSCs origins, uses, and clinical research best practises, there is not a comprehensive comprehension of these topics. The respondents have shown a quite favorable attitude toward improving their understanding of DSCs.
Prevalence and pattern of approximal caries among Nigerian adults in a teaching hospital
Authors: Ekaniyere Edetanlen Benlance , Didi Blessing Oluchi , Lawani Ufadime , Akpata Osagie 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The prevalence and pattern of presentation of approximal dental caries are yet to be well-characterized worldwide due to its visual diagnostic challenges.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of approximal caries in Nigerian adult patients in a teaching hospital.

Methods:
This was a prospective cross-sectional study on patients that underwent simple teeth extractions following dental caries of the posterior teeth from April 2021 to May 2022. Data collected comprise age of patients, gender, level of education, jaw involved, side of the jaw, teeth involved, and surface of teeth. The diagnoses of approximal caries were made from intraoral plain radiographs. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were performed. All the data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 21. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 146 patients were diagnosed with approximal caries of the 1143 patients that had simple teeth extraction following dental caries given a prevalence of 12.8%. The mean age of the patient was 39.8 ± 16.0 years. There were more 65.8% females. The majority (83.6%) of the patients that had approximal caries had tertiary level of education. More than two-third (83.6%) of the patients had approximal caries in the maxillary jaws. The highest (43.8%) proportion of the second premolars was affected more and this was followed (24.7%) by first premolars and least (6.8%) proportion was on second molars. More than half (64.4%) of the approximal caries were located on the distal surfaces of the posterior teeth.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of approximal caries was relatively high among Nigerian adult patients. It is higher on the distal surface of maxillary premolars of the female patients that had tertiary level of education.
El ambiente lumínico y su influencia sobre tipos funcionales de plantas y producción en pastizales naturales
Authors: Silveira D. , García Favre J. , Cadenazzi M. , Nabinger C. , Boggiano P. 
Published: July 2023

Es importante estudiar la adaptación de los pastizales naturales a diferentes niveles de sombra, ya que los sistemas silvopastoriles brindan muchos servicios ecosistémicos y beneficios de producción. Con el objetivo de analizar el efecto de la sombra artificial sobre la producción, distribución estacional de forraje de pastizales y composición botánica a través de grupos funcionales se condujo un experimento durante tres años (desde marzo del 2019 hasta abril del 2022) en un pastizal natural de la zona noreste del Uruguay. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos con cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron: campo natural (CN) a pleno sol, CN con 35% de intercepción de la radiación solar (IRS), CN con 50% IRS, CN con 65% IRS y CN con 80% IRS. Se evaluó los tipos funcionales de plantas a través de años y estaciones, la producción de biomasa estacional y total acumulada. La composición en verano y otoño tendió a homogeneizarse con los años asociándose a gramíneas perennes estivales, independiente del nivel de intercepción de la radiación solar. En invierno y primavera la cobertura evolucionó hacia una mayor asociación con gramíneas perennes invernales, gramíneas anuales invernales y Cyperáceas+Juncáceas+Liliáceas en los niveles de mayor sombramiento. El incremento de los niveles de intercepción de la radiación solar aumentó la producción del campo natural. El efecto de la sombra a través del tiempo determinó respuestas estacionales diferentes en la producción de biomasa y composición de tipos funcionales de plantas.
Development of a Peak Flow Meter to Remotely Monitor Asthmatic Patients in Emergency Cases
Authors: Elesemoyo Isaac O. , Ogunniyi Julius O. , Oyewole Oyeyemi T. , Olowu Adekemi J. , Owodolu Opeyemi 
Published: July 2023

There have been peak flow meter systems for monitoring asthma patients, however, there is a need to remotely carry out this monitoring to help the patients in case of emergency. This paper presents a mobile health device for tracking asthmatic patient locations during emergencies. The system design consists of nodeMCU microcontroller, MPX5010DP pressure sensor, and a power pack system. The system makes use of the following technologies; Wi-Fi, GPS, Google Maps, and SMS for communication of signals and messages between the user’s device and devices of other components of the system. The system allows the involvement of the patient’s next of kin and emergency personnel in the monitoring and tracking of asthmatic patients during emergencies. The C programming language was used to write code for the microcontroller, while the mobile application of the system was done using the Dart programming language. The expiratory flow rate value was used to measure the performance of the system. A prototype of the system was successfully developed, and tested. The system works as expected, with each component responding well to signals received. This system can be used to monitor asthmatic patients, especially during health emergency conditions.
Development of Predictive Models for Estimating Female Students’ Dimensions Essential for Classroom Furniture Production
Authors: Oladapo Samuel O. , Akanbi Olusegun G. 
Published: July 2023

Creating anthropometric databases require considerable resources like workforce, equipment and funds and thus, the design of classroom furniture (CF) is typically not based on anthropometric principles. This study addresses this challenge by developing models for predicting several female students’ dimensions essential for optimal CF production in secondary schools. An aggregate of 240 students participated in the study and brute-force search technique implemented in ANFIS was employed to select the two most influential of the five input measurements. Regression analyses were employed in modelling the anthropometric data obtained. Out of the 18 developed models, 8 were quadratic while 5 each exhibited two factors interactions [ and linear relationships [ . Adjusted R2 values obtained ranged from 0.902-0.999, 0.876-0.997, 0.881-0.999, 0.993-0.998, 0.950-0.999 and 0.983-0.995 for KH (Knee Height), EH, P, SHH (Shoulder Height), PBL and HW (Hip Width) respectively. The ANOVA results show that the models satisfactorily predicted the needed dimensions for optimal production of CF.
Thermodynamic Parameters: An Alternative Determinant for Viral Infection Diagnosis
Authors: Iweriolor Sunday , Festus Isaac O. , Iweriolor Sandra N. 
Published: July 2023

Viral particles and its mechanism of interaction in contact with human blood cells were studied. Thermo-energetic concept was employed to analyze the evidences such as viral loads, increase in CD4 count caused by the administered drugs interfering in the binding process between the virus and blood cells as adopted in the medical field to establish patient’s response to drug treatment. Glycerin was used as the probe liquid and was dropped at the surface of the prepared slides. It was observed that the contacted angles of infected cells (63.4o) were lowered upon the administration of the antiretroviral drugs. Ritonavir reduced the contact angle to 56.6 ±5.25 o,Lamiduvine lowered it to 56.5±3.3o,Didanosine gave a contact angle of 56.8±3.03owhile Azidothymidine were able to lower the contact angle of infected blood samples to 56.3±4.32o.The surface energy was decreased owing to viral activities in the blood cells from 44.35±1.90 mJ/m2 for the uninfected blood sample to33.54±2.31 mJ/m2 when the sample got infected. The administered drugs were able to increase the surface energies of the treated cells from 38mJ/m2 to 40 mJ/m2as against the surface energy of infected which was between 31 mJ/m2 to 39 mJ/m2.Energy of adhesion was increased by the viral-blood interactions from -12.99±1.75 mJ/m2 for the uninfected blood sample to -23.22±2.22 mJ/m2 for the infected sample. The treatments given recorded the energy of adhesion to a range from -18.34 mJ/m2 to -18.75 mJ/m2which still falls a little lower than that of the infected without treatment(-23.222mJ/m2). The inability of the drugs administered to revert the negative signs of adhesion energy in the treated samples signifies bonding between the virus and the blood cells. Design expert software was employed to generate mathematical model that accurately predict the variables in the interacting medium for the infected blood sample.
Development of a Sustainable Automated Hand Washing System with an Installed Water Recycling Device
Authors: Bello Kazeem A. , Ayeye Thomas O. , Bolaji Bukola O. , Omoyi Cordelia O. 
Published: July 2023

— Hand washing has become a new normal in our society to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and other viruses. As a result of the need to comply with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on hand washing to reduce the risk of infection transmission, an automated hand washing system with an installed water recycling device was developed. The integration of recycling water ensures effective energy resource management and reduces environmental pollution. The conceptual architectural design of the automated hand washing machine was established using AutoCAD software and the Arduino microcontroller panel. The operation of the hand washing systems consists of assembling relevant sensors to automate the liquid soap, water, hand dryer and sanitiser dispenser. A filtration reactor was used to convert the wastewater to clean water. The clean water is then pumped to the overhead tank by a submersible pump inside the lower tank for reuse. The water treatment was achieved by adding 5g of aqueous and into 1000g of used water. The water samples were then analysed in the laboratory to ascertain their purity, and results were obtained. The purification of the recycled water ranges from 82% to 83%, and the salvage volume of the recovered clean water is 80%. The microcontroller was successful in coordinating the various activities of the automated system. The automatic washing machine will reduce water waste, eliminate environmental pollution and curb disease transmission.
Tri-Hybrid Naive Bayes Classification Model for Early Cardiovascular Disease Detection
Authors: Umar Zulkiflu , Gabi Danlami , Ibrahim Nurudeen M. 
Published: July 2023

Cardiovascular disease is a major global health problem affecting people around the globe. Although modern medicine has contributed in providing significant data to help mitigate cardiovascular disease, however, there is still needs to provide an ideal solution that will help in detecting early cardiovascular diseases. As a result, existing researchers have proposed several hybrid cardiovascular disease detection techniques using both machine learning and deep learning approaches. However, most solution requires improvement especially in term of accuracy detection. In this paper, a tri-hybrid Naïve Bayes classification algorithm for accuracy prediction of early cardiovascular disease detection is developed. In the developed algorithm, the strength of the conventional Naïve Bayes classification algorithm is improved with that of decision tree approach to achieve better accuracy. To further enhance its accuracy, Neural Network (NN) procedure is later incorporated into the improved Naïve Bayes classification algorithm. Implementation of the developed tri-hybrid algorithm is carried out on Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) and evaluated using dataset from the kaggle website that contain instances of 1025 and 14 attributes. Experimental results based on confusion matrix for performance evaluation indicates the developed tri-hybrid Naïve Bayes algorithm has achieved high classification accuracy and recall rates of 98.54 and 99% respectively when compared with that of the benchmarked schemes. The performance of the proposed solution deployed can help cardiologist make better prediction in the diagnosis of the heart disease. Although several machine learning algorithms as seen in the literatures are trained on historical data, these algorithms may not be able to accurately predict the risk of heart disease in patients who are exposed to new or emerging risk factors. Further research is to experiments a wider range of algorithms with a build in model that can detect early cardiovascular diseases as well improve accuracy.