bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle strength gains per week are higher in the lower-body than the upper-body in resistance training experienced healthy young women—A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Jung Roger , Gehlert Sebastian , Geisler Stephan , Isenmann Eduard , Eyre Julia , Zinner Christoph 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundWomen are underrepresented in resistance exercise-related studies. To date only one meta-analysis provides concrete training recommendations for muscle strength gains through resistance training in eumenorrhoeic women.ObjectiveThis review aims to identify research gaps to advance future study in this area to expand the knowledge concerning resistance exercise-induced strength gains in women and to provide guidelines on the number of repetitions per set and the training frequency per week to enhance maximal muscle strength.MethodsThe electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched using a comprehensive list of relevant terms. After checking for exclusion criteria, 31 studies could be included in the final analysis using data from 621 subjects. From these data sets, the ideal number of repetitions per set and also the training frequency per week were analyzed.ResultsIn the lower body, the largest gains were achieved with 1 to 6 repetitions (17.4% 1RM increase). For lower-body exercises, the highest gains were achieved with 13 to 20 repetitions (8.7% 1RM increase). The lower body should be trained two times a week (8.5% 1RM increase). The upper body should be trained two (5.2% 1RM increase) to three times (4.5% 1RM increase) a week.ConclusionWomen can increase their 1RM by 7.2% per week in the upper body and by 5.2% per week in the lower-body exercises. The upper body can be trained more than two times per week whereas the lower body should be trained two times. Women with intermediate experiences in RT and advanced performance level show more rapid increases in strength in the lower-body compared to the upper-body while no differences were found between upper and lower limb adaptations in RT-beginner subjects.
Gaps in the welfare state: A role-based model of poverty risk in the U.S.
Authors: Berkowitz Seth A. , Palakshappa Deepak 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundResearch clearly demonstrates that income matters greatly to health. However, income distribution and its relationship to poverty risk is often misunderstood.MethodsWe provide a structural account of income distribution and poverty risk in the U.S., rooted in the ‘roles’ that individuals inhabit with relation to the ‘factor payment system’ (market distribution of income to individuals through wages and asset ownership). Principal roles are child, older adult, and, among working-age adults, disabled individual, student, unemployed individual, caregiver, or paid laborer. Moreover, the roles of other members of an individual’s household also influence an individual’s income level. This account implies that 1) roles other than paid laborer will be associated with greater poverty risk, 2) household composition will be associated with poverty risk, and 3) income support policies for those not able to engage in paid labor are critical for avoiding poverty. We test hypotheses implied by this account using 2019 and 2022 U.S. Census Current Population Survey data. The exposure variables in our analyses relate to roles and household composition. The outcomes relate to income and poverty risk.ResultsIn 2019, 40.1 million individuals (12.7% of the population) experienced poverty under the U.S. Census’ Supplemental Poverty Measure. All roles other than paid laborer were associated with greater poverty risk (p < .001 for all comparisons). Household composition, particularly more children and disabled working-age adults, and fewer paid laborers, was also associated with greater poverty risk (p < .001 for all comparisons). Five key policy areas—child benefits, older-age pensions, disability and sickness insurance, unemployment insurance, and out-of-pocket healthcare spending—represented gaps in the welfare state strongly associated with poverty risk.ConclusionsThe role one inhabits and household composition are associated with poverty risk. This understanding of income distribution and poverty risk may be useful for social policy.
Efficacy and safety of Weifuchun tablet for chronic atrophic gastritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Longhua , Ding Xia , Li Ping , Zhang Fuwen , Ru Shuying , Wang Fenglei , Li Lan 
Published: April 2023

Background
Chronic atrophic gastritis is a significant premalignant lesion of gastric carcinoma. There is a great need to prevent the progression to gastric carcinoma through early intervention and treatment for chronic atrophic gastritis. Weifuchun, a famous Chinese patent drug, has been widely used for chronic atrophic gastritis in China. However, it remains unclear whether Weifuchun is effective for atrophic gastritis.

Objective
To determine the effectiveness and safety of Weifuchun for chronic atrophic gastritis.

Methods
We systematically retrieved seven databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese Biological Medical Database) from their inception to October 5, 2022. Methodological quality was examined using the Cochrane Risk of bias tool. We also used RevMan 5.4 software for statistical analysis to examine the effectiveness and safety of Weifuchun.

Results
Fifteen studies with 1,488 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The study indicated that Weifuchun was more effective (RR 1.52; 95% CI 1.41, 1.63; p<0.00001) than Western medicine and other Chinese patent medicine. In addition, Weifuchun was more effective in improving gastric mucosal under gastroscopy, improving histopathologic changes of gastric mucosal, and inhibiting Helicobacter pylori. However, no significant difference in safety was examined between Weifuchun and the control group (RR 2.83; 95% CI 0.85, 9.38; P = 0.09).

Conclusions
The meta-analysis revealed a significant statistical difference with Weifuchun in effectiveness compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in safety. Thus, more high-quality clinical studies are needed in the future.

Trial registration
Registration number CRD42022365703.
Digital health for chronic disease management: An exploratory method to investigating technology adoption potential
Authors: Nittas Vasileios , Zecca Chiara , Kamm Christian P. , Kuhle Jens , Chan Andrew , von Wyl Viktor 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
The availability of consumer-facing health technologies for chronic disease management is skyrocketing, yet most are limited by low adoption rates. Improving adoption requires a better understanding of a target population’s previous exposure to technology. We propose a low-resource approach of capturing and clustering technology exposure, as a mean to better understand patients and target health technologies.

Methods
Using Multiple Sclerosis (MS) as a case study, we applied exploratory multivariate factorial analyses to survey data from the Swiss MS Registry. We calculated individual-level factor scorings, aiming to investigate possible technology adoption clusters with similar digital behavior patterns. The resulting clusters were transformed using radar and then compared across sociodemographic and health status characteristics.

Results
Our analysis included data from 990 respondents, resulting in three clusters, which we defined as the (1) average users, (2) health-interested users, and (3) low frequency users. The average user uses consumer-facing technology regularly, mainly for daily, regular activities and less so for health-related purposes. The health-interested user also uses technology regularly, for daily activities as well as health-related purposes. The low-frequency user uses technology infrequently.

Conclusions
Only about 10% of our sample has been regularly using (adopting) consumer-facing technology for MS and health-related purposes. That might indicate that many of the current consumer-facing technologies for MS are only attractive to a small proportion of patients. The relatively low-resource exploratory analyses proposed here may allow for a better characterization of prospective user populations and ultimately, future patient-facing technologies that will be targeted to a broader audience.
Prevalencia de obesidad pre-sarcopénica en personas mayores chilenas: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017
Authors: Concha Cisternas Yeny , Díaz Felipe , Catro Piñero Jose , Lanuza Fabian , Laserre Nicole , Leiva- Ordoñez Ana María , Cigarroa Igor , Nazar Gabriela , Parra- Soto Solange , Celis-Morales Carlos , Petermann-Rocha Fanny 
Published: April 2023

Introducción: No existen estudio en Chile que cuantifiquen la prevalencia de obesidad pre-sarcopénica. Por ende, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de obesidad pre-sarcopénica en personas mayores chilenas.
Metodología: Se incluyeron 240 personas ≥ 60 años de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (ENS) 2016-2017 de Chile. La pre-sarcopenia se estimó con la prueba de prensión manual y la obesidad fue definida utilizando la obesidad abdominal través de la medición del perímetro de cintura. Como análisis de sensibilidad, en una submuestra de 129 personas se clasificó la obesidad utilizando el IMC. En función de los criterios de obesidad y fuerza muscular los participantes fueron clasificados en 4 categorías: normal; obeso/ normal; normal/ pre-sarcopenia y obesidad/ pre-sarcopénica.
Resultados: Un 22,6% de la población estudiada presentaba obesidad/pre-sarcopénica usando el perímetro de cintura como parámetro diagnóstico. Además, la prevalencia de obesidad pre-sarcopénica fue mayor en mujeres (22,9%), en personas con mayor edad (33,0%), con residencia urbana (22,8%), y menor nivel educacional (37,3%). Al incorporar el IMC como criterio de obesidad, se identificó una disminución de la prevalencia de obesidad pre-sarcopénica (12,2%) y un porcentaje mayor de mujeres con este fenotipo.
Conclusiones: Se identificó una prevalencia de 22,6% de obesidad pre-sarcopénica en población mayor chilena. Considerando el rol de la obesidad y sarcopenia en el aumento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, su identificación y detección temprana podría permitir la creación de intervenciones que favorezcan la supervivencia y la salud de las personas mayores.
Inclusive Science Learning for Deaf Students in the Pandemi Era
Authors: Izzatin Kamala  , Tsaqifa Taqiyya Ulfah  
Published: April 2023

This study aims to describe online learning in science courses for deaf students and the role of peers in science learning in online learning in the inclusion class of the Bachelor Of Education For Islamic Elementary School Teachers Programme. The problem in this study is that there are obstacles experienced by deaf students due to the transformation of the implementation of learning during the covid-19 pandemic. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and observations. The results showed that 1) learning during the covid-19 pandemic was carried out online by utilizing several applications that could help deaf students participate in learning, 2) deaf students in science learning could understand the material through material files that had been shared and accompanied by friends. peers and deaf assistants who serve as sign language translators and notetakers, 3) assignments in science learning for all students, both normal and deaf students in the form of papers, video presentations, and practicums accompanied by the role of peers and deaf assistants, 4) if the learning takes place synchronously deaf students do not have assistants, deaf students understand the material independently and are assisted by the google transcript application which functions to convert oral to written, 5) collaboration between lecturers, deaf assistants, and peers is an important element in the implementation of inclusive science learning.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran daring pada mata kuliah IPA bagi mahasiswa tuli dan peran teman sebaya dalam pembelajaran IPA pada pembelajaran daring di kelas inklusi Prodi PGMI. Masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu terdapat kendala yang dialami mahasiswa tuli dikarenakan adanya transformasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran di masa pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) pembelajaran selama masa pandemi covid-19, dilaksanakan secara daring dengan memanfaatkan beberapa aplikasi yang dapat membantu mahasiswa tuli agar dapat mengikuti pembelajaran, 2) mahasiswa tuli dalam pembelajaran IPA dapat memahami materi melalui file materi yang telah dibagikan dan didampingi teman sebaya serta pendamping tuli yang bertugas sebagai penerjemah bahasa isyarat dan notaker, 3) penugasan pada pembelajaran IPA bagi semua mahasiswa baik mahasiswa normal maupun tuli berupa makalah, video presentasi, dan praktikum dengan disertai peran teman sebaya dan pendamping tuli, 4) Jika pelaksanaan pembelajaran berlangsung secara sinkronus mahasiswa tuli tidak ada pendamping, mahasiswa tuli memahami materi secara mandiri dan dibantu aplikasi google transkip yang berfungsi untuk mengkonversi lisan menjadi tulisan, 5) kolaborasi antara dosen, pendamping tuli, dan teman sebaya menjadi unsur penting dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran IPA yang inklusif.
A method of safety monitoring and measurement of overall frost heaving pressure of tunnel in seasonal frozen area
Authors: Cui Guangyao , Xiong Yong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Antifreeze design, scientific operation, and maintenance of tunnels with broken surrounding rock in seasonal frozen areas are key factors that affect the safety of tunnel. According to a freezing damage treatment project, theoretical analysis, field monitoring, and numerical simulation are used to study the calculation method of the overall frost-heaving pressure of a tunnel with broken surrounding rock in the seasonal frozen area. Based on the overall frost-heaving model of the broken freeze–thawing lithosphere, a calculation method of the overall frost-heaving pressure of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel with broken surrounding rock in a seasonal frozen area is proposed. The results show that the management grading results based on the freezing depth of the surrounding rock on site are consistent with those based on the minimum safety factor of the lining structure, which indicates that the proposed method for calculating the overall frost-heaving pressure of broken surrounding rock tunnel and management standards for safety monitoring and measurement of tunnel linings can be applied to engineering practice. The research results can provide a reference for the calculation of frost-heaving pressure, operational safety, and prevention of freezing damages in tunnels with broken surrounding rock in a seasonal frozen area.
Poor comparability of plasma renin activity measurement in determining patient samples: the status quo and recommendations for harmonization
Authors: Liu Zhenni , Jin Lizi , Zeng Jie , Zhang Tianjiao , Zhang Jiangtao , Zhou Weiyan , Zhang Chuanbao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to investigate and update the consistency and comparability of plasma renin activity (PRA) assays in measuring clinical samples. The contributions of recalibration, blank subtraction, and incubation strategies to interchangeability were also explored.

Methods
Five different laboratories were evaluated using forty-six individual plasma samples, including four liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) assays and one chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Spearman correlation coefficient (R), Passing–Bablok regression, and Bland‒Altman plot analyses were used to evaluate the consistency among assays. Consistency before and after recalibration, blank subtraction, and incubation strategy unification was compared.

Results
A good correlation was observed among all assays (R>0.93). None of the samples measured by all assays showed coefficient variation (CV) <10 %, and 37 % of samples showed overall CVs >20 %. The 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for slopes did not contain 1 for most assay pairs. Large relative biases (−85.1–104.2 %) were found, and 76 % (52–93 %) of samples had unacceptable biases. Recalibration reduced the calibration bias. Ignoring blank subtraction improved the comparability across all assays while unifying incubation did not.

Conclusions
The interchangeability of PRA measurement was unsatisfying. Harmonization on calibrator and ignoring blank were recommended. Unifying incubation strategy was unnecessary.
Optimized power flow management based on Harris Hawks optimization for an islanded DC microgrid
Authors: Mohan Harin M. , Dash Santanu Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article presents an energy management system (EMS) in a DC microgrid (MG) operating in an islanded mode to control the power flow in the distribution network. The microgrid system considered in this research consists of distributed generation sources like a solar photovoltaic system, a fuel cell energy system, and an energy storage system controlled by an optimized energy management system. As the distributed energy sources used are primarily renewable, unpredictable weather conditions may cause irregular energy generation. These variations impact the power flow in the DC bus, making it challenging to maintain a supply and demand balance. Therefore, an intelligent energy management system using the Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) is implemented to enhance the microgrid’s performance and efficiency. The HHO algorithm is based on the hunting nature of the Harris Hawks, and the EMS is developed to maintain the optimal power flow and to handle the constraints. The performance of the presented system is analyzed with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) based Proportional Integral (PI) controller in different operating scenarios to validate the effectiveness of the DC microgrid system.
Effects of seismic strain rates on the perpendicular-to-grain compression behaviour of Dahurian larch, Mongolian pine and Chinese poplar: tests and stress-strain model
Authors: Zhang Lipeng , Xie Qifang , Wu Yajie , Zhang Baozhuang , Su Ningfen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Wood is mainly subjected to transverse compression in many critical parts of Chinese traditional timber structures, e.g. the mortise-tenon and Dou-Gong joints. Seismic is one of the dynamic actions faced by these structures and will cause wood to suffer higher loading speeds than quasi-static loads. The investigation of the seismic strain rates (SSRs) effects of wood under perpendicular-to-grain compression (PTGc) is important. One hundred and forty-four radial small clear wood specimens were prepared using Dahurian larch, Mongolian pine and Chinese poplar. Monotonic and cyclic compression tests were conducted under three SSRs (10−3 s−1, 10−2 s−1, and 10−1 s−1) and the quasi-static strain rate (10−4 s−1). Failure modes, stress-strain curves, yield strengths, elastic moduli and the unloading/reloading moduli were analyzed. Results indicated that the PTGc properties were highly sensitive to SSRs under both the monotonic and cyclic compression. Strengths showed higher sensitivity to SSRs than elastic moduli. The SSRs effects of wood under cyclic compression have greater variability than the monotonic counterparts. The unloading/reloading moduli shows little SSR effects statistically. Comparisons were made between the existing PTG and the parallel-to-grain test results and a fitted general expression was obtained. Furthermore, an SSR-dependent stress-strain model was proposed and verified by tests.
Temperature-dependent analysis of heterojunction-free GaN FinFET through optimization of controlling gate parameters and dielectric materials
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Goyal Amit Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This work presents the temperature-dependent analysis of heterojunction-free gallium nitride (GaN) FinFET through optimization of controlling gate parameters and dielectric materials. The temperature-dependent performance evaluation presents in terms of the transfer characteristic, transconductance, subthreshold swing (SS), and drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL). Further, parametric assessment has been performed by gate length (L
g) and oxide thickness (t
ox) variation for optimization. Moreover, the different gate dielectric materials (Al2O3, ZrO2, and Si3N4) have also been used for different temperatures to optimize suitable gate dielectric material for improved performance of the device. Thus, GAN FinFET can be considered a promising component in high temperatures in IC and RF amplifiers.
La

ṣadaqa des chrétiens des Banū Taġlib : un enjeu tribal et administratif d’époque abbasside (v. 153–193/770–809)?
Authors: Pierre Simon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The fiscal tradition regarding the taxation of the “Christians of the Banū Taġlib” is related to a ṣulḥ established by caliph ʿUmar b. al-Ḫaṭṭāb. He is said to have ordered to double the social contribution of Muslims, called ṣadaqa, in return for their renunciation of baptizing their children. This contribution analyzes the chronology of the emergence of this case in Abbasid literature. By studying the isnād on which scholars, beginning with the Grand Qāḍī Abū Yūsuf (d. 182/798), relied, I suggest a new theme at the end of the eighth century CE. On the one hand, all the issues of the ṣadaqa levying, the social bonds with Christian Arabs, and finally, the category of the Banū Taġlib itself, are related to the ongoing construction, and then to the freezing, of two social categories: the ethnical “arabness” and the genealogical tribal organization. On the other hand, Miaphysite ecclesiology confirms a consistent timeline for the rise of the Taglibōyē bishopric. In order to explain this late inrush of information, two events of ca. 153/770 and 171/787, respectively from the Syrian-Orthodox and the Arab-Muslim literatures, refer first to the migration/invasion of pastoralists and farmers of Banū Taġlib towards the north, and second to their anti-ṣadaqa revolt in the steppe of the hinterland of Mosul. The second occurrence takes place amidst numerous local insurgencies whose motivation are in part tribal, khariji, and – perhaps foremost – anti-fiscal. Indeed, the dynamics of formation of this peculiar Mosulian tribe were partly generated by the irruption of the state in Northern Iraq and the Jazīra during the 170s/790s, between al-Mahdī’s founding of Rāfiqa in ca. 154/772 and Hārūn al-Rashīd’s strengthening of administrative pressure. The key factor for state building at this time was the development of a new set of taxation on agricultural incomes of (Muslim) Arabs, called ṣadaqat al-māl or zakāt, whose first traces are attested in Middle Egypt during the late Marwānid period. A generation later, the anonymous author of Zuqnīn, who lived at the beginning of this period, is not only the first Syriac writer to mention the Taglibōyē, but also bears witness of the first extension of the levy of ṣadaqa to Northern Mesopotamia. He even gives data about its ex officio settlement (taʿdīl) as a non-proportional (ʿalā misāḥa) and in-cash tax, exactly the same as for the properties of the (Christian) Syrians. Both kinds of rural landlords probably petitioned against this system during the following decades, aiming to switch to a proportional (muqāsama) and in-kind method of taxation. This resistance perhaps involved the anti-ṣadaqa revolt of the Taġlib in 171/787, as it was decisive to transform the kharāj on the Muslims into a tenth (ʿushr). Whereas Abū Yūsuf suggests an analogical doubling of the tax on a Muslim land to convert it into kharāj for a Christian purchaser, the very idea of a double ṣadaqa as kharāj for Christian Arabs had perhaps been invented a very short time before.