bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fib-4 score is able to predict intra-hospital mortality in 4 different SARS-COV2 waves
Authors: Miele Luca , Dajko Marianxhela , Savino Maria Chiara , Capocchiano Nicola D. , Calvez Valentino , Liguori Antonio , Masciocchi Carlotta , Vetrone Lorenzo , Mignini Irene , Schepis Tommaso , Marrone Giuseppe , Biolato Marco , Cesario Alfredo , Patarnello Stefano , Damiani Andrea , Grieco Antonio , Valentini Vincenzo , Gasbarrini Antonio ,   Gemelli against COVID Group
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncreased values of the FIB-4 index appear to be associated with poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to develop and validate predictive mortality models, using data upon admission of hospitalized patients in four COVID-19 waves between March 2020 and January 2022. A single-center cohort study was performed on consecutive adult patients with Covid-19 admitted at the Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS (Rome, Italy). Artificial intelligence and big data processing were used to retrieve data. Patients and clinical characteristics of patients with available FIB-4 data derived from the Gemelli Generator Real World Data (G2 RWD) were used to develop predictive mortality models during the four waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. A logistic regression model was applied to the training and test set (75%:25%). The model's performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A total of 4936 patients were included. Hypertension (38.4%), cancer (12.15%) and diabetes (16.3%) were the most common comorbidities. 23.9% of patients were admitted to ICU, and 12.6% had mechanical ventilation. During the study period, 762 patients (15.4%) died. We developed a multivariable logistic regression model on patient data from all waves, which showed that the FIB-4 score > 2.53 was associated with increased mortality risk (OR = 4.53, 95% CI 2.83–7.25; p ≤ 0.001). These data may be useful in the risk stratification at the admission of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Impact of KRASG12D subtype and concurrent pathogenic mutations on advanced non-small cell lung cancer outcomes
Authors: Caballé-Perez Enrique , Hernández-Pedro Norma , Ramos-Ramírez Maritza , Barrios-Bernal Pedro , Romero-Núñez Eunice , Lucio-Lozada José , Ávila-Ríos Santiago , Reyes-Terán Gustavo , Cardona Andrés F. , Arrieta Oscar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral (KRAS) oncogene constitute a significant driver of lung adenocarcinoma, present in 10–40% of patients, which exhibit heterogeneous clinical outcomes, mainly driven by concurrent genetic alterations. However, characterization of KRAS mutational subtypes and their impact on clinical outcomes in Latin America is limited.

Methods
A cohort study was conducted at the National Cancer Institute (INCan) of Mexico. Individuals with advance-staged of adenocarcinoma and KRAS mutations, detected by next-generation sequencing, having undergone at least one line of therapy were included for analysis. Clinical and pathological characteristics were retrieved from institutional database from June 2014 to March 2023.

Results
KRAS was identified in fifty-four (15.6%) of 346 patients, among which 50 cases were included for analysis. KRASG12D (n = 16, 32%) and KRASG12C (n = 16, 32%) represented the most prevalent subtypes. KRASG12D mutations were associated with female (p = 0.018), never smokers (p = 0.108), and concurrences with EGFR (25.0% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.124) and CDKN2A (18.8% vs. 14.7%, p = 0.157). KRASG12D patients showed a better ORR (66.6% vs. 30.0%; OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.23–17.60, p = 0.023) and on multivariate analysis was significantly associated with better PFS (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16–0.80; p = 0.012) and OS (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.70; p = 0.009).

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this study represents the first effort to comprehensively characterize the molecular heterogeneity of KRAS-mutant NSCLC in Latin American patients. Our data reinforce the current view that KRAS-mutated NSCLC is not a single oncogene-driven disease and emphasizes the prognostic impact of diverse molecular profiles in this genomically defined subset of NSCLC. Further validation is warranted in larger multicenter Latin American cohorts to confirm our findings.
Health-related quality of life of young refugees in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: comparisons to non-refugees and pre-pandemic times
Authors: Braig Johanna , Schmees Pia , Kilinc Yasemin , EL-Awad Usama , Nilles Hannah , Kerkhoff Denny , Rueth Jana-Elisa , Lohaus Arnold , Eschenbeck Heike 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak forced widespread changes in minors’ daily life with a risk of compromising well-being. So far, little is known about how health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of young refugees has developed during this time, although they belong to a vulnerable group. In a cross-sectional analysis during the first year of the pandemic, minors aged 8 to 16 years with and without refugee experience (n each = 156) were surveyed, using self-report questionnaires on HRQoL and perceived COVID-related stress. In a longitudinal analysis with refugee minors aged 8 to 18 years (n = 91) HRQoL and possible relevant predictors (gender, age, duration of stay, mental health) were assessed in 2019 (pre-pandemic). HRQoL was reassessed in 2020 (peri-pandemic). No difference was detected between minors with and without refugee experience in terms of peri-pandemic HRQoL. A proportion of 36% (refugee minors) and 44% (non-refugee minors) reported low peri-pandemic HRQoL. However, refugee minors reported more COVID-related stress (difficulties in following school). Longitudinally, HRQoL of refugee minors increased from pre- to peri-pandemic times. Older age, lower pre-pandemic HRQoL, and pre-pandemic externalizing problem behavior predicted worse peri-pandemic HRQoL. The findings suggest a certain resilience of refugee minors but also show a continued vulnerability. Therefore, minors at risk should be identified and their psychosocial needs addressed.
Student-Identified Practices for Improving Belonging in Australian Secondary Schools: Moving Beyond COVID-19
Authors: Allen Kelly-Ann , Berger Emily , Reupert Andrea , Grove Christine , May Fiona , Patlamazoglou Lefteris , Gamble Nick , Wurf Gerald , Warton William 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite a strong body of evidence demonstrating the importance of school belonging across multiple measures of wellbeing and academic outcomes, many students still do not feel a sense of belonging to their school. Moreover, school closures caused by COVID-19 lockdowns have exacerbated challenges for developing a student’s sense of school belonging. The current study used closed- and open-ended survey questions to explore student perspectives of practices influencing belonging in a sample of 184 Australian secondary school students. Thematic analysis of student responses to open-ended survey questions yielded four themes related to teacher-level practices influencing student belonging: emotional support, support for learning, social connection, and respect, inclusion and diversity. The implications of these findings are discussed, and strategies are suggested for implementing these student-identified practices.
Ciechocinek Spa — the Biggest Health Resort in the Polish Lowlands in Terms of Geotourism
Authors: Krawiec Arkadiusz , Jamorska Izabela 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCiechocinek is known for its unique saline graduation towers and salt works. The crucial date in Ciechocinek’s history was 1836, when four treatment copper bath tubs were installed in the local inn. This gave rise to the beginning of the Health Springs Enterprise, which was the origin of the Health Resort. The graduation towers of Ciechocinek are particular and they are the biggest wooden constructions which serve to vaporize brine’s water from the spring no. 11. The graduation towers were built in the shape of a horseshoe. Two first graduation towers were built in the years between 1824 and 1828 and the third in 1859. The height of towers is about 15.8 m and the total length of all of them is more than 1741.5 m. They constitute a unique monument of the nineteenth-century technology, one of few in Europe. In the graduation towers the concentration of salt brine takes place as a part of the salt production process. A characteristic feature of this process is the production of a natural aerosol with healing properties. Within the graduation towers there is a specific microclimate, a natural and curative inhaler. The technology of salt production, which is based on heating concentrated salt brine, has not changed in 190 years — it consists in heating concentrated brine. Thermal brines of the Na–Cl type and J type from borehole no. 14 (Terma 14) and borehole no. 16 (Terma 16) are used for Ciechocinek Spa mineral water supply. These boreholes are screened in the Dogger and Lias sandstones. The water in Terma 14 has mineralization (total dissolved solids (TDS)) of 43.5 g/L and the temperature on the borehole outflow is 28 °C. The water from Terma 16 has mineralization (TDS) of 53.4 g/L. It is thermal water and its temperature on the borehole outflow is 32 °C. The therapeutic thermal water in the Ciechocinek boreholes occurs at considerable depth and its resources are very slowly renewable. The therapeutic qualities of Ciechocinek springs are strongly recommended for curing cardiovascular, respiratory, orthopedic, traumatic, rheumatic, nervous system, and women’s diseases. The Ciechocinek Spa is a producer of well-known products of perfect quality: “Krystynka” mineral water, flavored water, table salt, medicinal lye, and mud.
Effects and perception of marine introduced species by stakeholders in the Wadden Sea—an exploratory approach
Authors: Kötter-Lange Katharina , Lienhoop Nele , Buschbaum Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs a result of globalization of markets and increasing marine traffic, more than 130 introduced species have so far been recorded in the Wadden Sea. This unique coastal area constitutes an ecosystem of global importance and is recognized by UNESCO as a Natural World Heritage site. Efforts are made to monitor introduced species and to study their ecological effects on native species and biodiversity, ecosystem processes, and functioning. Social aspects that relate introduced species specifically to people and human society, however, are less studied. To explore this rather new field of research, qualitative interviews were conducted with stakeholders of the Wadden Sea, asking (1) How do introduced species affect people’s lives and (2) How do people perceive introduced species? The interviews were evaluated with a qualitative content analysis. As one first result of this exploratory study it turned out that immaterial aspects of the Wadden Sea, such as recreational potential and cultural identity, appear to be largely affected by introduced species. Moreover, the mere fact of change was mostly regarded with skepticism or aversion, regardless of actual effects. Based on the stakeholder interviews, a conceptual framework with the factors identified as influencing perception was developed. It is suggested that a better understanding of the social component is essential for an integrated management and sustainable solutions.
A timing game in a mixed duopoly
Authors: Sun Chia-Hung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a timing game in a mixed duopoly, whereby a relatively inefficient state-owned firm maximizing the linear combination of its profit and social welfare competes against a relatively efficient, profit-maximizing private firm over the timing of entry. We find that the incentives for firms to enter the market depend on the degrees of privatization of a state-owned firm and of the cost asymmetry between the two firms. We also provide welfare analysis by comparing the equilibrium timing of entry with the socially optimal one. When the two firms’ products are perfect substitutes, the socially optimal timing of both firms entering the market can be achieved if the state-owned firm is fully public.
Metagenomic search of viral coinfections in herpes simplex encephalitis patients
Authors: Perlejewski Karol , Radkowski Marek , Rydzanicz Małgorzata , Dzieciątkowski Tomasz , Silling Steffi , Wieczorek Magdalena , Makowiecki Michał , Horban Andrzej , Laskus Tomasz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLittle is known about concomitant central nervous system (CNS) infections by more than one virus. Current diagnostics are based on molecular tests for particular pathogens making it difficult to identify multi-viral infections. In the present study, we applied DNA- and RNA-based next-generation sequencing metagenomics (mNGS) to detect viruses in cerebrospinal fluids from 20 patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. Coinfection was detected in one patient: sequences in cerebrospinal fluids matched enterovirus A (2.660 reads; 4% of recovered genome) and enterovirus B (1.571 reads; 13% of recovered genome). Subsequent PCR combined with serotyping allowed to identify human echovirus 6, a representative of enterovirus B. Several other mNGS hits (human pegivirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, human papillomavirus type 5) were not considered to represent a genuine signal as they could not be confirmed by specific RT-PCR/PCR. HSV DNA, while being detectable by PCR in every patient, was detected by mNGS in only one. In conclusion, contaminations and false signals may complicate mNGS interpretation; however, the method can be useful in diagnostics of viral coinfections in CNS, particularly in the case of rare pathogens.
COVID-19 Pandemic as an Equalizer of the Health Returns of Educational Attainment for Black and White Americans
Authors: Rahmani Arash , Najand Babak , Maharlouei Najmeh , Zare Hossein , Assari Shervin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 pandemic has immensely impacted the social and personal lives of individuals around the globe. Marginalized-related diminished returns (MDRs) theory suggests that educational attainment shows a weaker protective effect for health and behavioral outcomes for Black individuals compared to White individuals. Previous studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated diminished returns of educational attainment for Black individuals compared to White individuals.

Objectives
The study has three objectives: First, to test the association between educational attainment and cigarette smoking, e-cigarette vaping, presence of chronic medical conditions (CMC), self-rated health (SRH), depressive symptoms, and obesity; second, to explore racial differences in these associations in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic; and third, to compare the interaction of race and return of educational attainment pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This study utilized data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2020. Total sample included 1313 adult American; among them, 77.4% (n = 1017) were non-Hispanic White, and 22.6% (n = 296) were non-Hispanic Black. Educational attainment was the independent variable operationalized as years of education. The main outcomes were cigarette smoking, e-cigarette vaping, CMC, SRH, depressive symptoms, and obesity. Age, gender, and baseline physical health were covariates. Race/ethnicity was an effect modifier.

Results
Educational attainment was significantly associated with lower CMC, SRH, depressive symptoms, obesity, cigarette smoking, and e-cigarette vaping. Educational attainment did not show a significant interaction with race on any of our outcomes, suggesting that the health returns of education is similar between non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black individuals.

Conclusion
COVID-19 may have operated as an equalizer of the returns of educational attainment. This observation may be because White may have more to lose; Black communities may be more resilient or have economic and social policies that buffered unemployment and poverty regardless of historical anti-Black oppression.
Small-Group Teaching: Should It Be Recorded?
Authors: Crook Peter , Javadzadeh Shagayegh , Shone Rebecca , Joseph Vikram , Banerjee Debasish , Annear Nicholas M. P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Recording large-group lectures is commonplace in higher education, allowing students to access content asynchronously and remotely. With the move towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, recording of small-group teaching sessions has also become increasingly common; however, the educational value of this practice is unknown.

Methods
All medical students rotating through the Acute Medicine Department of a large teaching hospital were invited to enrol in the study. Consenting students were recorded for the second half of an online case-based learning (CBL) session. The recording was available for 6 months; viewing patterns were analysed. Students were sent a questionnaire after the session, asking them to reflect on the recorded and unrecorded halves of the session.

Findings
Thirty-three students underwent recording in 12 separate groups; 31 students (94%) completed the questionnaire. All 31 respondents (100%) described the session as “useful” or “very useful”. Twenty-four respondents (77%) recommended continuing to record small-group sessions and 17 (55%) reported being “likely” or “very likely” to watch the recording. Six respondents (19%) reported a negative impact of being recorded. During 6 months of follow-up, no students returned to view the recording for more than 1 minute.

Conclusion
Despite positive feedback for the session and high student demand for ongoing recording, no students viewed the recording for any significant duration. One-fifth of students reported a negative impact of being recorded. The findings from this study do not support routine recording of small-group CBL sessions, even where demand for this may exist.
Combinatorial multiple Eisenstein series
Authors: Bachmann Henrik , Burmester Annika 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe construct a family of q-series with rational coefficients satisfying a variant of the extended double shuffle equations, which are a lift of a given $$\mathbb {Q}$$
Q
-valued solution of the extended double shuffle equations. We call these q-series combinatorial (bi-)multiple Eisenstein series, and in depth one they coincide with (classical) Eisenstein series. Combinatorial multiple Eisenstein series can be seen as an interpolation between the given $$\mathbb {Q}$$
Q
-valued solution of the extended double shuffle equations (as $$q\rightarrow 0$$

q
→
0

) and multiple zeta values (as $$q\rightarrow 1$$

q
→
1

). In particular, they are q-analogues of multiple zeta values closely related to modular forms. Their definition is inspired by the Fourier expansion of multiple Eisenstein series introduced by Gangl-Kaneko-Zagier. Our explicit construction is done on the level of their generating series, which we show to be a so-called symmetril and swap invariant bimould.
Hybrid multi-criteria decision-making technique for the selection of best cryptographic multivalued Boolean function
Authors: Abughazalah Nabilah , Khan Majid , Iqbal Mohsin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRobustness of modern information confidentiality algorithm depends on its individual components. Modern block ciphers highly depend on two components namely confusion and diffusion. These two main characteristics in any modern cipher are achieved by substitution and permutation boxes. In this article, a decision-making algorithm is utilized for the selection of optimum substitution box (S-box), which plays a significant role in the field of information confidentiality. For this purpose, an interval-based Pythagorean fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (IVPF–TOPSIS) method is introduced to get the desired nonlinear confusion component of block cipher namely S-box. In this manner, we performed cryptographic analyses of standard S-boxes namely nonlinearity (NL), strict avalanche criterion (SAC), bit-independent criterion (BIC), absolute indicator (ABI), the sum of square and absolute indicator (SSAI), algebraic degree (AD), algebraic immunity (AI), transparency order (TO), composite algebraic immunity (CAI), robustness (RB), signal to noise ratio (SNR), confusion coefficient of variance (CCV). With these cryptographic characteristics, we have used interval-valued based Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making technique to classify standard S-boxes suitable for construction of modern block ciphers.
Enhanced SparseEA for large-scale multi-objective feature selection problems
Authors: Chu Shu-Chuan , Zhuang Zhongjie , Pan Jeng-Shyang , Mohamed Ali Wagdy , Hu Chia-Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLarge-scale multi-objective feature selection problems are widely existing in the fields of text classification, image processing, and biological omics. Numerous features usually mean more correlation and redundancy between features, so effective features are usually sparse. SparseEA is an evolutionary algorithm for solving Large-scale Sparse Multi-objective Optimization Problems (i.e., most decision variables of the optimal solutions are zero). It determines feature Scores by calculating the fitness of individual features, which does not reflect the correlation between features well. In this manuscript, ReliefF was used to calculate the weights of features, with unimportant features being removed first. Then combine the weights calculated by ReliefF with Scores of SparseEA to guide the evolution process. Moreover, the Scores of features remain constant throughout all runs in SparseEA. Therefore, the fitness values of excellent and poor individuals in each iteration are used to update the Scores. In addition, difference operators of Differential Evolution are introduced into SparseEA to increase the diversity of solutions and help the algorithm jump out of the local optimal solution. Comparative experiments are performed on large-scale datasets selected from scikit-feature repository. The results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the original SparseEA and the state-of-the-art algorithms.
How a Digital Intervention in Schools Contributed to Students’ Social and Emotional Skills, and Impacted Writing
Authors: McNaughton Stuart , Jesson Rebecca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPublished accounts of school interventions often focus on a small ‘slice’ of the complex systems and layers of learning across schools and homes. A series of studies into a digital intervention in low SES schools, is summarised here providing a fuller picture of how students’ engagement in digital contexts contributed to their social and emotional skills; and as a consequence, whether these skills impacted on achievement in writing. Overall, 9 to 13 year olds found self-regulation both harder and different when on line. The intervention was associated with higher levels of self-regulation when online, but had no effect on social skills. These patterns were related to specific features of the schools’ practices and instructional foci. Students’ use at home added to the general effects, with social media usages reducing ratings of self-regulation (e.g. chatting), others increasing social skills (e.g. commenting on blog posts), but high levels of parental monitoring positively impacted both. Parents’ own digital experience and their beliefs were related to their guidance. Higher levels of social emotional skills (specifically, response inhibition and cognitive empathy) were associated with gains in writing achievement. Putting the slices together enabled a more complete picture of the intervention, including how: (a) it supported the development of self-regulation online but needed more focus on social skills; (b) higher levels of self-regulation and social skills impacted writing; and (c) the coherence between settings contributed to these skills, underlining the need to provide support and advice to some parents.