bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Pembelajaran IPS Melalui Outing Class di TK Wanita Pui
Authors: Syaripatunisa Virda , Azizah Nur , Saputra Adi , Aprily Nuraly Masum 
Published: August 2023

Social science is one of the important lessons for early childhood development, helping children to be able to understand how the world functions, starting from the environment they are in, culture and community. Through this learning children can develop an understanding of themselves and their relationships with others and build the social skills needed in everyday life. There are several methods for implementing social studies learning for early childhood, one of which is by using the outing class method. With this outing class method, children will get direct experience, such as visiting historical places, watching cultural performances and so on. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques by observation and in-depth interviews. The results of the research that the researchers got were about the implementation of social science learning through outing classes in PUI Women's Kindergarten.

ABSTRAK
Ilmu pengetahuan sosial merupakan salah satu pembelajaran penting untuk pengembangan anak usia dini, membantu anak untuk dapat memahami bagaimana dunia berfungsi, mulai dari lingkungan tempat mereka berada, kebudayaan dan komunitas. Melalui pembelajaran ini anak dapat mengembangkan pemahaman tentang diri mereka sendiri dan hubungan mereka dengan orang lain serta membangun keterampilan sosial yang diperlukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Ada beberapa metode untuk mengimplementasikan pembelajaran IPS kepada anak usia dini, salah satunya dengan menggunakan metode outing class. Dengan metode outing class ini anak akan mendapatkan pengalaman langsung seperti mengunjungi tempat-tempat yang bersejarah, menonton sebuah pertunjukan budaya dan lain sebaginya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Adapun hasil penelitian yang peneliti dapatkan yaitu tentang implementasi pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial melalui outing class di TK Wanita PUI.
Theoretical verification of using the Ga-doped ZnO as a charge transport layer in an inorganic perovskite solar cell
Authors: Ahmed Shamima , Akhtaruzzaman Md. , Zulhafizhazuan Wan , Yusoff Yulisa , Alnaser Ibrahim A. , Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Shahiduzzaman Md. , Sobayel K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study encompasses the idea to employ a single bandgap-graded transport layer in lieu of two different (transparent conducting oxide and electron transport layer) layers in the perovskite solar cell to increase the overall device functionality. Numerical simulation has been used to investigate the cell performance parameters. The thickness of the absorber layer has been altered in relation to the defect density to identify the optimal cell parameter values. Maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been recorded as 22.17% at 1E13 cm−3 defect density in the absorber. These findings demonstrate the numerical modeling limitations for the relationship between defect mechanism and performance. The activation energy and effects of series resistance (R
s) on solar cells have also been assessed. The temperature degradation gradient of the proposed structure GZO/CsGeI3/NiO/Au has been found to be 3% only with a PCE of 22.17%, which validates the concept of using a bandgap-graded transport layer and paves the way for a new era for perovskite research.
Coexistence of slow and fast dynamics in interfacial water around a carbon nanotube
Authors: Kioka Yusei , Hara Takemi , Maekawa Yuki , Sasaoka Kenji , Homma Yoshikazu , Yamamoto Takahiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We investigated the dynamics of water molecules in the interfacial water around a carbon nanotube (CNT) by analyzing the rotational autocorrelation function (RACF) for water molecules using molecular dynamics simulations. We found that the function undergoes a gradual crossover with temperature for the interfacial water with double-molecular-layer structure around the CNT, in contrast to bulk water, which shows a discontinuous change in the RACF at 0 °C. This is consistent with recent experimental results showing that interfacial water does not exhibit a solid–liquid phase transition. In addition, the RACF results can be fitted by exponential functions with two different time constants, indicating that the proportion of disordered structures relative to ordered structures, in which water molecules have more restricted rotation, increases continuously with temperature. The continuous structural change yields the gradual solid–liquid crossover.
Koneksitas Ilmu Tasawuf dan Ilmu Nahw: Telaah atas Kitab Nahw Al-Qulub Karya Al-Qushayri
Authors: Rosidi Rosidi 
Published: August 2023

Terdapat koneksi yang sangat erat dalam cabang-cabang ilmu bahasa Arab, bahkan bisa dikatakan tidak dapat dipisahkan antara satu dengan yang lainnya. Lebih spesifik lagi terdapat interkoneksi antara ilmu nahw dengan semua ilmu dalam agama Islam seperti fikih, hadis, tafsir dan lain-lain. Sebab ilmu nahw menjadi instrumen yang fundamental dalam mengungkap makna yang bersifat eksoteris yang terdapat dalam teks-teks cabang ilmu-ilmu tersebut. Tulisan ini selain dalam rangka menggali aspek historis faktor lahirnya nahw bergenre tasawuf, sekaligus juga bermaksud menyanggah stigma yang mengatakan bahwa nahw sufi adalah ilmu yang tidak memiliki epistemologi yang kuat dan mendasar. Pertanyaan yang didiskusikan dalam tulisan ini adalah, 1) Bagaimana ontologi nahw sufi al-Qushayri?, dan 2) Bagaimana epistemologi nahw sufi al-Qushayri? Teori yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah konsep epistemologi al-Jabiri, mengingat dalam nahw sufi terdapat dua nalar, yaitu nalar bayani dan nalar ‘irfani. Sedangkan objek yang dikaji adalah kitab Nahw al-Qulub karya al-Qushayri sebagai kitab yang pertama kali disusun dengan genre nahw sufi. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa, 1) Kitab Nahw al-Qulub terdiri dari dua kitab, yaitu Nahw al-Qulub al-Saghir dan Nahw al-Qulub al-Kabir. Yang membedakan antara dua karya ini adalah ringkas dan tidaknya penjelasan, Nahw al-Qulub al-Kabir lebih luas penjelasannya sedangkan Nahw al-Qulub al-Saghir lebih ringkas. Adapun yang merupakan karya Al-Qushayri adalah Nahw al-Qulub al-Saghir. Sistematika pembahasan kitab Nahw al-Qulub al-Saghir cenderung acak. Tidak tersistematis seperti adanya kitab nahu konvensional. 2) Kitab Nahw al-Qulub menggunakan konsep epistemologi nalar ‘irfani saat mengungkap makna esoteris kaidah nahu, sedangkan untuk penulisan sistematikanya Al-Qushayri menggunakan nalar bayani. Terdapat temuan juga Al-Qushayri bahwa antara syari’at dan hakikat itu saling berhubungan, berkesinambungan dan tidak mungkin dipisahkan.
The Quantized Constants with Remmen’s Scattering Amplitude to Explain Riemann Zeta Zeros
Authors: Shun Lam Kai 
Published: August 2023

Riemann Hypothesis has been proposed by Bernhard Riemann since year 1859. Nowadays, there are lots of proof or disproof all over the internet society or the academic professional authority etc. However, none of them is accepted by the Clay’s Mathematics Institute for her Millennium Prize. In the past few months, this author discovered that there may be a correlation exists between the real and imaginary parts of Riemann Zeta function for the first 10 non-trivial zeros of the Riemann function etc. Indeed, when one tries to view the correlation relationship as a constant like the Planck’s one. Then we may show that Riemann Zeta zeros are indeed discrete quantum energy levels or the discrete spectrum as electrons falling from some bound quantum state to a lower energy state (or Quantum Field Theory). That may be further explained by Remmen’s scattering amplitude or the S-matrix. We may approximate the S-matrix by applying the HKLam theory to it and predict the scattering amplitude or even the Riemann Zeta non-trival zeros etc. By the way, the key researching equations or formula in the following content will be around the Taylor expansion of the Riemann Zeta function, their convergence etc. In additional, I will also investigate the (*’’) as shown below:	∏_(i=1)^∞▒(z-z_i ) = ξ(0.5 + i*t) = (∑_(n=1)^∞▒1)⁄n^((0.5+i*t) ) = ∏_(j=1)^∞▒(1-1⁄(p_j^((0.5+i*t) ) ))^(-1) ------------ (*’’) as we may find the existence of some constants like the Planck’s one. For the application of the aforementioned scholarly outcome, it is well-known that if one can find the pattern of the appearance to the prime number and hence break the public key cryptography in the everyday usage of information technology security etc.
Characteristics of Thyroid Neoplasm Patients in the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Aloei Saboe Hospital
Authors: Tuna Trinny , Astuti Nur Hijra Puji , Ibrahim Sri Andriani , Hasanuddin Abdi Dzul Ikram , Abdul Romy 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Thyroid Neoplasm is a tumor originating from the thyroid gland. Thyroid neoplasms encompass both benign and malignant tumors. Thyroid malignancies are among the most frequently encountered malignancies of the endocrine glands. Thyroid neoplasms generally have a relatively good prognosis when detected early. This study aims to determine the characteristics of thyroid neoplasm patients in the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Aloei Saboe Hospital.Method: This study is descriptive research using secondary data from medical records. Data was collected using a total sampling technique with a sample size of 58 patients. The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Aloei Saboe Hospital, from January 2021 to October 2022.Results: The distribution of thyroid neoplasm patients is highest in late adulthood (36-45 years) with 15 patients (25.9%), followed by early elderly (46-55 years) with 15 patients (25.9%). The gender distribution shows more female patients, accounting for 43 (77.6%). The most common histopathological type is Colloid Goiter, with 20 patients (34.5%).Conclusion: The distribution of thyroid neoplasm patients is most prevalent between the ages of 35 to 55 years, predominantly in females, with the most common histopathological finding being Colloid Goiter. This study is expected to serve as a valuable source of information, enhancing public knowledge and awareness regarding thyroid neoplasm patients' characteristics.
Challenges for Medical Student in the Society 5.0 Era
Authors: Ibrahim Sri A 
Published: August 2023

Background: For health workers, the faster flow of globalization develops many challenges. Indonesia's health workers also face internal challenges. In contrast, in the 5.0 society era, the challenges are in the form of an emphasis on the quality of character, morality, and competence of the health workers.Content: A medical student should be formed in the Community and Family Health Care with Inter-Professional Education (CFHC-IPE) education program, which develops competencies related to ethics, communication, teamwork, and roles and responsibilities in a team from the first day at college. The new challenge for medical education is applying the three new literacies, namely data, technology, and humanity, to produce Indonesian doctors who can adapt and meet national and global needs. Every graduate must meet the competency standards of doctors, which not only provide services to the community through professional practice but can also maintain the noble values of the medical profession.Conclusion: Medical students in the 5.0 era have challenges that take work, particularly in developing new skills in data literacy, technology, and humanity, while still fulfilling their primary competencies.
Measuring the Temperature of Starspots from Multi-filter Photometry
Authors: Schutte Maria C. , Hebb Leslie , Wisniewski John P. , Cañas Caleb I. , Libby-Roberts Jessica E. , Lin Andrea S. J. , Robertson Paul , Stefánsson Gumundur 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Using simultaneous multi-filter observations during the transit of an exoplanet around a K dwarf star, we determine the temperature of a starspot through modeling the radius and position with wavelength-dependent spot contrasts. We model the spot using the starspot modeling program STarSPot (STSP), which uses the transiting companion as a knife-edge probe of the stellar surface. The contrast of the spot, i.e., the ratio of the integrated flux of a darker spot region to the star's photosphere, is calculated for a range of filters and spot temperatures. We demonstrate this technique using simulated data of HAT-P-11, a K dwarf (T
eff = 4780 K) with well-modeled starspot properties for which we obtained simultaneous multi-filter transits using Las Cumbres Observatory's MuSCAT3 instrument on the 2m telescope at Haleakala Observatory, which allows for simultaneous, multi-filter, diffuser-assisted high-precision photometry. We determine the average (i.e., a combination of penumbra and umbra) spot temperature for HAT-P-11's spot complexes is 4500 K ± 100 K using this technique. We also find for our set of filters that comparing the SDSS

g

′

and

i

′

filters maximizes the signal difference caused by a large spot in the transit. Thus, this technique allows for the determination of the average spot temperature using only one spot occultation in transit and can provide simultaneous information on the spot temperature and spot properties.
Reconnection-generated Plasma Flows in the Quasi-separatrix Layer in Localized Solar Corona
Authors: Mondal Sripan , Srivastava Abhishek K. , Mishra Sudheer K. , Sangal K. , Kayshap Pradeep , Guo Yang , Pontin David I , Uritsky Vadim M. , Ofman Leon , Wang Tongjiang , Yuan Ding 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Multiwavelength observations of the propagating disturbances (PDs), discovered by Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), are analyzed to determine their driving mechanism and physical nature. Two magnetic strands in the localized corona are observed to approach and merge with each other, followed by the generation of brightening, which further propagates in a cusp-shaped magnetic channel. Differential emission measure analysis shows an occurrence of heating in this region of interest. We extrapolate potential magnetic field lines at coronal heights from the observed Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager vector magnetogram via Green’s function method using MPI-AMRVAC. We analyze the field to locate magnetic nulls and quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs), which are preferential locations for magnetic reconnection. Dominant QSLs including a magnetic null are found to exist and match the geometry followed by PDs; therefore, this provides conclusive evidence of magnetic reconnection. In addition, spectroscopic analysis of Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph Si iv
λ1393.77 line profiles show a rise of line width in the same time range depicting the presence of mass motion in the observed cusp-shaped region. PDs are observed to exhibit periodicities of around 4 minutes. The speeds of PDs measured by the surfing transform technique are close to each other in four different SDO/AIA bandpasses, i.e., 304, 171, 193, and 131 Å, excluding the interpretation of PDs in terms of slow magnetoacoustic waves. We describe comprehensively the observed PDs as quasiperiodic plasma flows generated as a result of periodic reconnection in the vicinity of a coronal magnetic null.
PEARLS: Low Stellar Density Galaxies in the El Gordo Cluster Observed with JWST
Authors: Carleton Timothy , Cohen Seth H. , Frye Brenda L. , Pigarelli Alex , Zhang Jiashuo , Windhorst Rogier A. , Diego Jose M. , Conselice Christopher J. , Cheng Cheng , Driver Simon P. , Foo Nicholas , Bhatawdekar Rachana A. , Kamieneski Patrick , Jansen Rolf A. , Yan Haojing , Summers Jake , Robotham Aaron S. G. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Tompkins Scott , Coe Dan , Grogin Norman A. , Marshall Madeline A. , Nonino Mario , Pirzkal Nor , Ryan Russell E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A full understanding of how unusually large ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) fit into our conventional theory of galaxy formation remains elusive, despite the large number of objects identified locally. A natural extension of UDG research is the study of similar galaxies at higher redshift to establish how their properties may evolve over time. However, this has been a challenging task given how severely systematic effects and cosmological surface brightness dimming inhibit our ability to analyze low surface brightness galaxies at high z. Here, we present a sample of low stellar surface density galaxies (LDGs) at moderate redshift, likely the progenitors of local UDGs, identified using deep near-IR observations of the El Gordo cluster at z = 0.87 with JWST. By stacking eight NIRCAM filters, we reach an apparent surface brightness sensitivity of 24.59 mag arcsec−2, which is faint enough to be complete to the bright end of the LDG population. Our analysis identifies significant differences between this population and UDGs observed locally, such as their color and size distributions, which suggest that the UDG progenitors at high z are bluer and more extended than UDGs at z = 0. This suggests that multiple mechanisms are responsible for the UDG formation and that prolonged transformation of cluster dwarfs is not a primary UDG formation mechanism at high z. Furthermore, we find a slight overabundance of LDGs in El Gordo, and, in contrast to findings in local clusters, our analysis does not show a deficit of LDGs in the center of El Gordo, implying that tidal destruction of LDGs is significant between z = 0.87 and z = 0.
Evaluation of flow cytometric expressions of CD96 and CD123 on leukemic stem cells in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia and their utility as prognostic markers
Authors: Ibrahim Rasha I. , Hegab Hany M.A. , Elmonem Minerva M.A. , Saeed Alia M. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease associated with a risk of relapse or refractoriness to the frontline agents. This is attributable to the quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSC). We aimed to determine the expression status of CD96 and CD123 on the surface of LSC in adult patients with AML and their relationship to prognosis.

Patients and methods
A total of 40 adult patients with de novo AML and 40 age-matched and sex-matched controls were recruited from Center ‘X,’ City ‘Y,’ Country ‘Y’ from June 2017 to February 2018, with 1-year follow-up. Bone marrow samples were collected for flow cytometric analysis using CD34, CD38, CD96, and CD123 monoclonal antibodies. For cases, samples were obtained at diagnosis and on day 28 after chemotherapy, whereas for controls, samples were taken once.

Results
CD96 and CD123 expressions are significantly higher in patients with AML as compared with controls. CD96 expression is associated with higher initial bone marrow and peripheral blood blast percentages. Day28 CD96 expression is positively correlated with its expression on day 0 and with CD123 expression at diagnosis, with P values of less than 0.001 and 0.034, respectively. Both markers were much more frequently expressed on LSCs in differentiated AML as compared with ill-differentiated subtypes (P<0.05). Both markers are linked to poor therapy outcome, with inferior progression-free survival among CD96-positive and CD123-positive cases at day 28 (P=0.035 and 0.041, respectively).

Conclusions
CD96 and CD123 represent potential targetable markers for the future development of therapeutic armamentarium for AML.
Investigation of the Effect of Puncture Order and Position on the Difficulty of Lower and Middle Abdominal Port Placement
Authors: Nakai Chihiro , Yamanoi Koji , Horie Akihito , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
Port placements at the mid-abdomen (mainstay of robotic surgery [Rob]) appear to be difficult compared to that at lower abdomen (mainstay of conventional laparoscopy [Con-Lap]). We hypothesized that the reason for this may be the difference in port puncture places.

Materials and Methods:
We examined how the differences between the place and puncture order of ports affected Con-Lap cases with ports mainly placed in the lower abdomen and Rob cases with ports mainly placed in the middle abdomen. The trocar time was measured from the time when the puncture position and skin incision were determined and initiated, respectively, to the time when the port was punctured and fixed and used as the indicator of difficulty.

Results:
In the Con-Lap group analysis, the trocar time of the left lower port was longer (right lower: 77 s, middle lower: 117.5 s, and left lower: 138 s, P < 0.0001). In the Rob group analysis, the trocar time of the left most port was significantly longer (right-most: 89.0 s, right-middle: 92.5 s, left-middle: 121.0 s, and left-most: 197.0 s; P < 0.0001). In addition, the total trocar time was significantly longer in the first puncture at the right-middle port in the Rob group (right-most first: 8.4 min, right-middle first: 12.4 min, and left-middle first: 8.5 min, P = 0.0063).

Conclusion:
In the mid-abdomen port placement, mainstay of Rob cases, the puncture order, and port site have a significant impact on the difficulty of the procedure. It is preferable to avoid initially puncturing the right-middle port in case of the Rob.
Selective therapy (cryo or scalpel) combined with multimodal therapy for treating keloids
Authors: Savant Sushil S , Savant Satish S , Daruwala Feral 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground:Keloids are less responsive to any single treatment modality; hence, there is a need for combination therapy that can yield satisfactory outcomes.Objective:The present study assessed efficacy and safety of combination therapy—surgical excision or cryotherapy and intralesional corticosteroids along with 5-fluorouracil [IL (S + 5-FU)] injection, followed by silicone gel sheet (SGS) under compression therapy in the treatment of keloids.Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective, observational study comprising 21 clinically diagnosed keloid patients. All patients were treated with the stated combination therapy. Data about demographic, lesions, procedural characteristics, and treatment outcomes were reported.Results:Of 21, 11 (52.4%) patients were treated with liquid nitrogen (LN2) cryotherapy, and 10 (47.6%) patients were treated with surgical excision. Mean age was 30.8 ± 7.6 (range: 14–44) years with slight male (52.4%) predominance. A mean surface area of keloid lesion was 96.8 ± 170.5 cm3. The most frequently involved site was auricle (8 [38.1%] patients). Patients received the following types of treatments: intralesional LN2cryotherapy (6 [28.6%]), intralesional excisional surgery (6 [28.6%]), surface LN2cryotherapy (5 [23.8%]), and extralesional excisional surgery (4 [19.0%]). Complications of recurrence (2 [9.5%]), secondary infections (2 [9.5%]), persistent postinflammatory hypopigmentation (1 [4.8%]), and atrophic scarring with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (1 [4.8%]) were reported. After a study period of 2.5 years, 100% cure rate was achieved.Conclusion:Combination therapy of surgical excision or cryotherapy and IL (S + 5-FU), followed by SGS under compression, was safe and effective in treating keloids.