bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long term risk of death and readmission after hospital admission with covid-19 among older adults: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Oseran Andrew S , Song Yang , Xu Jiaman , Dahabreh Issa J , Wadhera Rishi K , de Lemos James A , Das Sandeep R , Sun Tianyu , Yeh Robert W , Kazi Dhruv S 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize the long term risk of death and hospital readmission after an index admission with covid-19 among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, and to compare these outcomes with historical control patients admitted to hospital with influenza.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUnited States.Participants883 394 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries age ≥65 years discharged alive after an index hospital admission with covid-19 between 1 March 2020 and 31 August 2022, compared with 56 409 historical controls discharged alive after a hospital admission with influenza between 1 March 2018 and 31 August 2019. Weighting methods were used to account for differences in observed characteristics.Main outcome measuresAll cause death within 180 days of discharge. Secondary outcomes included first all cause readmission and a composite of death or readmission within 180 days.ResultsThe covid-19 cohort compared with the influenza cohort was younger (77.9v78.9 years, standardized mean difference −0.12) and had a lower proportion of women (51.7%v57.3%, −0.11). Both groups had a similar proportion of black beneficiaries (10.3%v8.1%, 0.07) and beneficiaries with dual Medicaid-Medicare eligibility status (20.1%v19.2%; 0.02). The covid-19 cohort had a lower comorbidity burden, including atrial fibrillation (24.3%v29.5%, −0.12), heart failure (43.4%v49.9%, −0.13), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (39.2%v52.9%, −0.27). After weighting, the covid-19 cohort had a higher risk (ie, cumulative incidence) of all cause death at 30 days (10.9%v3.9%; standardized risk difference 7.0%, 95% confidence interval 6.8% to 7.2%), 90 days (15.5%v7.1%; 8.4%, 8.2% to 8.7%), and 180 days (19.1%v10.5%; 8.6%, 8.3% to 8.9%) compared with the influenza cohort. The covid-19 cohort also experienced a higher risk of hospital readmission at 30 days (16.0%v11.2%; 4.9%, 4.6% to 5.1%) and 90 days (24.1%v21.3%; 2.8%, 2.5% to 3.2%) but a similar risk at 180 days (30.6%v30.6%;–0.1%, −0.5% to 0.3%). Over the study period, the 30 day risk of death for patients discharged after a covid-19 admission decreased from 17.9% to 7.2%.ConclusionsMedicare beneficiaries who were discharged alive after a covid-19 hospital admission had a higher post-discharge risk of death compared with historical influenza controls; this difference, however, was concentrated in the early post-discharge period. The risk of death for patients discharged after a covid-19 related hospital admission substantially declined over the course of the pandemic.
Risk factors for severe COVID-19 among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a real-world analysis of a large representative US administrative claims database, 2020–2021
Authors: Calabrese Cassandra , Atefi Gelareh , Evans Kristin A , Moynihan Meghan , Palmer Liisa , Wu Sze-Jung 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo identify risk factors for progression to severe COVID-19 and estimate the odds of severe COVID-19 associated with vaccination among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study identified adults with SLE in the Merative™ MarketScan®Databases. Patients were continuously enrolled the year before 1 April 2020 (baseline) and had a COVID-19 diagnosis between 1 April 2020 and the earliest of death, enrolment end or 31 December 2021. Severe COVID-19 was defined as hospitalisation with a COVID-19 diagnosis. Demographics on 1 April 2020, baseline comorbidities, corticosteroid use ≤30 days before COVID-19 diagnosis and other SLE medication use ≤6 months before COVID-19 diagnosis were assessed. Vaccination was identified by claims for a COVID-19 vaccine or vaccine administration. Backward stepwise logistic regression estimated odds of progression to severe COVID-19 associated with patient characteristics and vaccination.ResultsAmong 2890 patients with SLE with COVID-19, 500 (16.4%) had a COVID-19-related hospitalisation. Significant risk factors for progression to severe COVID-19 included rituximab (OR (95% CI) 2.92 (1.67 to 5.12)), renal failure (2.15 (95% CI 1.56 to 2.97)), Medicaid (vs Commercial; 2.01 (95% CI 1.58 to 2.57)), complicated hypertension (1.96 (95% CI 1.38 to 2.77)) and time of infection, among others. Vaccination had a significant protective effect (0.68(95% CI 0.54 to 0.87)) among all patients with SLE with COVID-19, but the effect was not significant among those with prior use of belimumab, rituximab or corticosteroids.ConclusionsCertain chronic comorbidities and SLE medications increase the odds of progression to severe COVID-19 among patients with SLE, but vaccination confers significant protection. Vaccine effectiveness may be attenuated by SLE treatments. Protective measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis and booster vaccines should be encouraged among patients with SLE.
Investigating $$R_D$$ and $$R_{D^*}$$ anomalies in a left–right model with an inverse seesaw
Authors: Ezzat K. , Faisel G. , Khalil S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigate $$R_D$$

R
D

and $$R_{D^*}$$

R

D
∗

anomalies in a low scale left–right symmetric model based on $$SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L}$$

S
U

(
3
)

C

×
S
U

(
2
)

L

×
S
U

(
2
)

R

×
U

(
1
)

B
-
L

with a simplified Higgs sector consisting of only one bidoublet and one $$SU(2)_R$$

S
U

(
2
)

R

doublet. The Wilson coefficients relevant to the transition $$b\rightarrow c\tau \nu $$

b
→
c
τ
ν

are derived by integrating out the charged Higgs $$H^\pm $$

H
±

boson, which gives the dominant contributions. We emphasize that the charged Higgs effects, with the complex right-handed quark mixing matrix, can account for both $$R_D$$

R
D

and $$R_{D^*}$$

R

D
∗

anomalies simultaneously, while adhering to a set of significant constraints including, for instance, $$\textrm{BR}(B^-_c \rightarrow \tau ^- \bar{\nu }_\tau ) $$

BR
(

B
c
-

→

τ
-

ν

¯

τ

)

and $$B_{s(d)}-\bar{B}_{s(d)}$$

B

s
(
d
)

-

B

¯

s
(
d
)

mixing. In relation to this, we show that the predicted values of the $$D^*$$

D
∗

, $$\tau $$
τ
longitudinal polarizations and $$P_\tau (D)$$

P
τ

(
D
)

can be affected for the set of the parameters of the model resolving the $$R_{D,D^*}$$

R

D
,

D
∗

anomalies.
Systolic Blood Pressure Time in Target Range and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Hypertension: Insights From the SPRINT Trial
Authors: Wang Jue , Jiang Chao , Li Sitong , Wang Zhiyan , Wang Yufeng , Lai Yiwei , Wang Zhen , Lv Wenhe , Bai Yu , Yang Zejun , Guo Qi , Huang Lihong , He Liu , Guo Xueyuan , Li Songnan , Liu Nian , Jiang Chenxi , Tang Ribo , Long Deyong , Du Xin , Sang Caihua , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) time in target range (TTR) indicates the mean value, exposure time, and variability in blood pressure over time. The prognostic value of SBP TTR for incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with hypertension is unclear.

METHODS:
We performed a post hoc analysis of SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), a randomized controlled trial comparing intensive (<120 mm Hg) and standard (<140 mm Hg) SBP interventions in participants with hypertension. SBP target ranges for intensive and standard arms were defined as 110 to 130 and 120 to 140 mm Hg, respectively. TTR was calculated by linear interpolation method using SBP from months 0 to 3. We used Cox proportional regression models to assess the association of SBP TTR with incident AF.

RESULTS:

Among 7939 participants included in this analysis, 187 incident AF cases occurred during follow-up. After multivariable adjustment, a 10% increase in SBP TTR was independently associated with a 7% lower risk of incident AF (hazard ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88–0.97];
P
=0.003). The restricted spline curve depicted a linear and inverse relationship between SBP TTR and incident AF. Sensitivity analyses generated consistent results when calculating TTR over a longer period or setting target range as 110 to 140 mm Hg for the whole population.

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher SBP TTR independently predicts a lower risk of incident AF. Efforts to attain SBP within 110 to 140 mm Hg over time may be an effective strategy to prevent AF.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01206062.
Impact of Marital Stress on 1‐Year Health Outcomes Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhu Cenjing , Dreyer Rachel P. , Li Fan , Spatz Erica S. , Caraballo‐Cordovez César , Mahajan Shiwani , Raparelli Valeria , Leifheit Erica C. , Lu Yuan , Krumholz Harlan M. , Spertus John A. , D'Onofrio Gail , Pilote Louise , Lichtman Judith H. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Stress experienced in a marriage or committed relationship may be associated with worse patient‐reported outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but little is known about this association in young adults (≤55 years) with AMI.

Methods and Results

We used data from VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients), an observational cohort study that enrolled individuals aged 18 to 55 years with AMI (2008–2012). Marital stress was self‐reported 1 month after AMI using the Stockholm Marital Stress Scale (categorized as absent/mild, moderate, and severe). Outcomes were physical/mental health (Short Form‐12
)
, generic health status (EuroQol‐5 Dimensions), cardiac‐specific quality of life and angina (Seattle Angina Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9), and all‐cause readmission 1 year after AMI. Regression models were sequentially adjusted for baseline health, demographics (sex, age, race or ethnicity), and socioeconomic factors (education, income, employment, and insurance). Sex and marital stress interaction was also tested. Among 1593 married/partnered participants, 576 (36.2%) reported severe marital stress, which was more common in female than male participants (39.4% versus 30.4%,
P
=0.001). Severe marital stress was significantly associated with worse mental health (beta=−2.13, SE=0.75,
P
=0.004), generic health status (beta=−3.87, SE=1.46,
P
=0.008), cardiac‐specific quality of life (beta=−6.41, SE=1.65,
P
<0.001), and greater odds of angina (odds ratio [OR], 1.49 [95% CI, 1.06–2.10],
P
=0.023) and all‐cause readmissions (OR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.04–2.00],
P
=0.006), after adjusting for baseline health, demographics, and socioeconomic factors. These associations were similar across sexes (
P
‐interaction all >0.05).

Conclusions
The association between marital stress and worse 1‐year health outcomes was statistically significant in young patients with AMI, suggesting a need for routine screening and the creation of interventions to support patients with stress recovering from an AMI.
Investigating the role of synthesized reduced graphene oxide and graphite micro-fillers on mechanical and fretting wear performance of glass fiber epoxy-based composite
Authors: Singh Sandeep Kumar , Nayak Biswajeet , Singh Thingujam Jackson , Halder Sudipta 
Published: August 2023

In the current study, graphite was exfoliated using a Hummer’s technique to produce graphene oxide (GO), which was then reduced with hydrazine hydrate (a reducing agent) to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with high purity. The XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and TGA analysis confirmed the synthesis of rGO by stating its crystal phase, chemical functional group, morphology, and thermal stability. The objective of this study is twofold: firstly, to synthesize the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) cost-effectively, and secondly, to explore its potential as an additional filler in Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composites. Aiming to enhance their overall performance. The GFRP laminate composite was fabricated through the hand layup technique by varying the concentration of Gr (i.e., 0.5 wt% & 1 wt%) and rGO (i.e., 0.5 wt% & 1 wt%). The morphological study of the fracture surface revealed a proper dispersion of filler obtained at 0.5 wt% and by increasing the concentration to 1 wt% it reveals a clustering of fillers and formation of micro-voids. The result revealed that maximum improvement has been observed in the GFRP composite having 0.5 wt% rGO composite than neat GFRP composite. Incorporation of rGO micro-filler in GFRP laminate composite significantly improved the tensile strength, flexural strength, and in their modulus by 59.56%, 18.21%, 24.45%, and 22.75% respectively compared to neat GFRP laminate composite. In the case of 0.5 wt% graphite filler demonstrates an enhancement in tensile strength, flexural strength, and their modulus by 37.98%, ∼8%, 6.64%, and ∼5% respectively. In fretting wear test reveals that 1 wt% of graphite filler has better wear resistance than all other composites. The worn morphology revealed adhesive and abrasive wear as the predominant wear mechanism. The incorporation of rGO filler in GFRP makes it a promising material for industrial applications that demand high strength and superior wear resistance.
Draping in Dermatology: A Physician’s Perspective
Authors: Gresham Louise , Melkis Justina , Choi Bohmyi , Cyr Janelle , Huang Christina M. , Beecker Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

Background Patient dignity is a core component of medicine and health care, yet maintaining patient dignity can be challenging in clinical settings in dermatology, specifically during a total body skin examinations (TBSE) for appropriate assessment and diagnosis. A recent study evaluated patient perspectives in dermatology. The purpose of this study was to investigate current draping practices and perspectives from a physicians’ perspective. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed with the use of study-specific questionnaire distributed to staff dermatologists and dermatology residents across Canada. Results A total of 117 physicians were included (84 attending dermatologists and 33 dermatology residents). Nearly all staff and resident dermatologists (90.6%) indicated that draping was important. Specific practices differed between residents and staff ( P = .03). Only 3.1% of residents indicated that they did not receive any form of teaching on draping during their training compared to 21.4% of attending physicians ( P = .03). Discussion This study confirms that draping practices in dermatology are perceived as important by dermatologists, consistent with other reports emphasizing approaches to protect patient privacy and dignity. There is a shared value for draping and consistent integration of this within current practice of Canadian dermatologists. Formal and informal education incorporated in medical education and dermatology training is becoming more prominent. Major study limitations include sampling bias, convenience bias and nonresponse bias. Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate physician perspectives on draping in dermatology or other areas in medicine. Findings from this study support a focus on draping in medical education.
Acts of offensive behaviour and risk of disability pension in Danish female eldercare workers: prospective cohort with 11-year register follow-up
Authors: Clausen Thomas , Pihl-Thingvad Jesper , Villadsen Ebbe , Andersen Lars L. 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To investigate whether acts of offensive behaviour (threats, violence, workplace bullying and sexual harassment) in the workplace and type of perpetrator (internal or external to the workplace) of the offensive behaviours predicted risk of disability pension in Danish eldercare workers. Methods: We merged survey responses from 8731 female eldercare workers with a national register on social transfer payments (Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalisation (DREAM)), including all types of disability benefits. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we investigated the prospective association between self-reported exposures at baseline and the risk of receiving disability pension (any type of disability benefit payment) during 11 years of follow-up, while adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Self-reported exposure to threats (hazard ratio (HR) 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.32), violence (HR 1.16; 95% CI 1.00–1.35) and bullying (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.22–1.71) predicted increased risk of disability pension during follow-up, when adjusted for age and educational attainment. When further adjusted for psychosocial working conditions only bullying remained a statistically significant (HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.16–1.67) predictor of disability pension. The results indicated no elevated risk for participants reporting sexual harassment. Moreover, we observed stronger associations between self-reported exposure to threats, violence and workplace bullying and risk of disability pension when the perpetrator was internal to the workplace (i.e. colleagues, managers and/or subordinates), than when the perpetrator was reported to be external to the workplace (i.e. service users, and/or relatives of service users). Conclusions: Results indicate that prevention of work-related exposure to threats, violence and workplace bullying may contribute to reduce involuntary early retirement in female eldercare workers.
Connecting in the Gulf: digital inclusion for Aboriginal families on Mornington Island
Authors: Rogers Jessa 
Published: August 2023

This essay visually describes an Indigenous research project exploring digital inclusion with Aboriginal families on Mornington Island, a remote Aboriginal community in Queensland, Australia. Yarning, an Indigenous storytelling and conversational research method, was combined with photography (some participant photography, but primarily researcher photography) in a new method termed ‘show and yarn’. This method allowed community members space to show us their devices, have images taken of these devices and then use these images as a prompt for yarns about their experiences using the internet, mobile phones and technology. The author is an Indigenous researcher, who had existing connections with Mornington Island residents and it was through these relationships that the community came to be a partner in this research.
The Acromiohumeral Center-Edge Angle and Risk of Rotator Cuff Tear: A Plain Radiograph and MRI Study
Authors: Alqahtani Saad M. , Elyahia Sulaiman A. , Abu-Amara Talal B. , AlOraini Lama I. , Alsubaie Shayma S. , Hegazi Tarek M. , Alzahrani Mohammad M. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The acromiohumeral center-edge angle (ACEA) is a parameter that can be measured on plain shoulder radiographs and has been found to be associated with increased risk of sustaining a rotator cuff tear. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate this association using plain radiographs and to explore its applicability on shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the same patients. Methods: This retrospective study compared 45 patients who underwent rotator cuff repair between September 2021 and April 2022 and 41 patients with normal shoulders. The ACEA was measured by 2 independent observers on anteroposterior radiographs and shoulder MRI. The collected data were analyzed and P values of <.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The ACEA was found to be higher in patients with rotator cuff tears (23.48° ± 7.11°) when compared with the control group (15.54° ± 4.4°). On shoulder MRI assessment, a higher ACEA was also seen in the rotator cuff tear group (18.93° ± 6.7°) than in the control group (13.79° ± 4.9°). The ACEA measurement on MRI showed strong intrarater reliability (0.965), but weak interrater reliability (0.251). Conclusion: This retrospective study found an association between increased ACEA and risk of rotator cuff tear when measured on plain radiographs. In addition, we found an association between increased ACEA measurement on shoulder MRI and rotator cuff tears, thus suggesting the applicability of ACEA measurement on shoulder MRI.
Incidence of Repeat Elbow Capsular Release After Arthroscopic Elbow Capsular Release
Authors: Hall Anya T. , Paul Ryan W. , Lencer Adam , Smith Brandon , Ciccotti Michael G. , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Erickson Brandon J. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Elbow capsular release can be performed arthroscopically or through an open method to improve range of motion (ROM). However, it is unclear how frequently patients require an open capsular release after unsatisfactory results from an arthroscopic release. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of patients who underwent an arthroscopic elbow release for loss of motion who then required a repeat elbow capsular release or other subsequent surgery on the same elbow. It was hypothesized that patients who underwent arthroscopic elbow release would rarely (<5%) require a subsequent elbow release. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic elbow capsular release from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, were identified by chart review and procedure code. Demographic parameters, pre- and postoperative ROM, and surgical history were collected by chart review. Follow-up data included patient satisfaction and the Timmerman-Andrews (TA) elbow score. Data were compared between patients who did and those who did not require subsequent elbow surgery. Results: Overall, of 140 study patients (116 male, 24 female; mean age, 49.6 years), 18 (12.9%) required subsequent surgery, including 6 capsular releases (4.3%; 1 open and 5 arthroscopic). The most common follow-up procedure was ulnar nerve releases/transpositions (n = 7). Total arc of elbow motion (flexion to extension) improved by a mean of 51.4°. The mean TA score was 76.5 ± 20.4 at a mean of 5.25 years postoperatively. Mean satisfaction score was 77.6 ± 26.3. In this study, 82.4% of patients stated that their symptoms either improved or resolved completely. Patients who required subsequent surgery had a significantly lower preoperative total arc of elbow motion versus those who did not require subsequent surgery ( P = .046). There was no difference between the groups in symptom resolution, satisfaction, ROM, or TA score ( P ≥ .279 for all). Conclusion: After arthroscopic elbow release, <5% of patients required a repeat elbow capsular release, 12.9% required some form of follow-up elbow surgery, and 4.3% had a new injury of the elbow. Overall, patients saw improvement in elbow ROM, but many still had residual symptoms from their underlying disease after arthroscopic elbow capsular release.