bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient Kupffer cell depletion and subsequent replacement by infiltrating monocyte‐derived cells does not alter the induction or progression of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Vanderborght Bart , De Muynck Kevin , Gijbels Eva , Lefere Sander , Scott Charlotte L. , Guilliams Martin , Beschin Alain , Vinken Mathieu , Verhelst Xavier , Geerts Anja , Van Vlierberghe Hans , Devisscher Lindsey 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to a combination of rapid disease progression and the lack of curative treatment options, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Infiltrated, monocyte‐derived, tumor‐associated macrophages are known to play a role in HCC pathogenesis, but the involvement of Kupffer cells (KCs) remains elusive. Here, we used the Clec4F‐diphteria toxin receptor transgenic mouse model to specifically investigate the effect of KC depletion on HCC initiation, progression and neoplastic growth following liver resection. For this purpose, several HCC mouse models with varying underlying etiologies were used and partial hepatectomy was performed. Our results show that in HCC, developed on a fibrotic or non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis background, depletion of embryonic KCs at the onset of HCC induction and the subsequent replacement by monocyte‐derived KCs does not affect the tumor burden, tumor microenvironment or the phenotype of isolated KCs at end‐stage disease. In non‐chronic liver disease‐associated diethylnitrosamine‐induced HCC, ablation of Clec4F+ KCs did not alter tumor progression or neoplastic growth following liver resection. Our results show that temporal ablation of resident KCs does not impact HCC pathogenesis, neither in the induction phase nor in advanced disease, and indicate that bone marrow‐derived KCs are able to swiftly repopulate the available KC niche and adopt their phenotype.
AdvancedMRTechniques for Preoperative Glioma Characterization: Part 2
Authors: Hangel Gilbert , Schmitz‐Abecassis Bárbara , Sollmann Nico , Pinto Joana , Arzanforoosh Fatemehsadat , Barkhof Frederik , Booth Thomas , Calvo‐Imirizaldu Marta , Cassia Guilherme , Chmelik Marek , Clement Patricia , Ercan Ece , Fernández‐Seara Maria A. , Furtner Julia , Fuster‐Garcia Elies , Grech‐Sollars Matthew , Guven N. Tugay , Hatay Gokce Hale , Karami Golestan , Keil Vera C. , Kim Mina , Koekkoek Johan A. F. , Kukran Simran , Mancini Laura , Nechifor Ruben Emanuel , Özcan Alpay , Ozturk‐Isik Esin , Piskin Senol , Schmainda Kathleen M. , Svensson Siri F. , Tseng Chih‐Hsien , Unnikrishnan Saritha , Vos Frans , Warnert Esther , Zhao Moss Y. , Jancalek Radim , Nunes Teresa , Hirschler Lydiane , Smits Marion , Petr Jan , Emblem Kyrre E. 
Published: March 2023

Preoperative clinical MRI protocols for gliomas, brain tumors with dismal outcomes due to their infiltrative properties, still rely on conventional structural MRI, which does not deliver information on tumor genotype and is limited in the delineation of diffuse gliomas. The GliMR COST action wants to raise awareness about the state of the art of advanced MRI techniques in gliomas and their possible clinical translation. This review describes current methods, limits, and applications of advanced MRI for the preoperative assessment of glioma, summarizing the level of clinical validation of different techniques. In this second part, we review magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI), MRI‐PET, MR elastography (MRE), and MR‐based radiomics applications. The first part of this review addresses dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI, arterial spin labeling (ASL), diffusion‐weighted MRI, vessel imaging, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF).Evidence Level3.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Heat waves in São Paulo State, Brazil: Intensity, duration, spatial scope, and atmospheric characteristics
Authors: Valverde Maria Cleofé , Rosa Marcelo Barbio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeat waves (HWs) are atmospheric events of synoptic and global scale that negatively impact productive sectors and the population. This study aims to investigate HWs in the São Paulo (SP) State, Brazil, and describe their intensity, duration, spatial coverage and atmospheric characteristics. HWs were identified using observed data from 65 weather stations for the period 2000–2020. The NCEP‐DOE Reanalysis was used to determine synoptic and global scale circulation characteristics. The results showed that SP experiences different effects of thermal stress on maximum temperatures (Tmax), with the north and northwest sectors reaching the highest average values (38°C). The average temperature of HWs in the state was 34.9°C, with an average duration of 5.3 days and 92% of events taking place between 2010 and 2020. A greater number of events occurred in 2015, 2016 and 2019, mainly in the austral summer and spring. The following atmospheric characteristics were found to be associated with HWs in SP: an anomalous semistationary anticyclonic circulation at 500 hPa over the hinterland regions of Brazil, a thermal low at 1000 hPa over Paraguay, a Rossby wave train originating in the South Pacific Ocean and spreading to centre‐south Brazil, a positive sea surface temperature anomaly in the South Atlantic Ocean near the coast of Brazil and another over the South Pacific, and a negative pattern circling Antarctica. Apparently, there is a certain degree of coupling between sea surface temperature anomalies and the Rossby train, the former being the trigger of the event.
Emerging Strategies in Stimuli‐Responsive Silk Architectures
Authors: Jaya Prakash Niranjana , Sarkar Supriya Sanatkumar , Kandasubramanian Balasubramanian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe utilization of implantable devices beseeches highly invasive surgeries considering the adversaries in the insertion of large, impliable devices through the body channels, which necessitate the development of implantable devices using biocompatible shape memory polymers. Silk displays prodigious heterogeneity in its genetic structure and physical properties in accordance with the spinning and storage process, where proteins undergo folding and unfolding. The stimuli‐responsive nature of silk can be explained with the help of the structural morphology and composition of the material, where the hydrogen bonds in β‐sheet domains and amorphous region act as switch points and net points, respectively. This review provides a primary attempt to enswathe all the literature available to date on the stimuli‐responsive nature of silk and silk‐based materials as a natural and biodegradable alternative for commercially used synthetic shape memory materials taking their elastomeric nature and reduction in glass transition temperature into account. Further constitutive model using the continuum approach has been utilized to explain the anisotropic elasticity damping effect and plastic deformation based on the α‐helix chains, β‐sheets, and β‐spiral structures. The practicability to develop biomedical devices such as patient‐specific‐injectable scaffolds, drug carriers, and artificial muscles has been encompassed in this article.
The Effects of Methoxylated Isoindigo on the Optical and Charge Transport Properties of the Corresponding Polymers
Authors: Xiong Zihan , Wen Wei , Zhu Yifei , Mu Youbing , Zhao Zhiyuan , Lan Zhenggang , Wan Xiaobo , Liu Yunqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough the effects of electron‐deficient group substitution on isoindigo on the corresponding conjugated polymers are extensively studied, the modification of isoindigo core with electron‐rich groups has not been investigated. It is envisioned that the introduction of the methoxy group on isoindigo will not only tune the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the corresponding polymers but also introduce O···S “conformation lock” to increase the coplanarity of the polymers, which should facilitate hole transport. Herein, the syntheses of two methoxylated isoindigos and the investigations on the charge transport behaviors of their copolymers with bisthiophene (2T) and bisthiazole (2Tz) are reported. It is found that the substitution positions have a drastic influence on the UV–vis absorption and electrochemical properties for both monomers and polymers. Theoretical calculations and single crystal structure analysis confirm the existence of O···S “conformation lock”, however, both methoxy substitutions also change the aggregation behaviors of the corresponding polymers to a mixed face‐on/edge‐on orientation which has an adverse effect for charge transport. Among the four polymers, the polymer of 5,5'‐methoxylated isoindigo and 2T exhibit the best hole mobility of 1.9 × 10−1 cm2 V−1 s−1.
The Role of Crosslinker Molecular Structure on Mechanical and Light‐Actuation Properties in Liquid Crystalline Networks
Authors: Donato Simone , Martella Daniele , Salzano de Luna Martina , Arecchi Giulia , Querceto Silvia , Ferrantini Cecilia , Sacconi Leonardo , Brient Pierre‐Louis , Chatard Camille , Graillot Alain , Wiersma Diederik S. , Parmeggiani Camilla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhase behavior modulation of liquid crystalline molecules can be addressed by structural modification at molecular level. Starting from a rigid rod‐like core reduction of the symmetry or increase of the steric hindrance by different substituents generally reduces the clearing temperature. Similar approaches can be explored to modulate the properties of liquid crystalline networks (LCNs)—shape‐changing materials employed as actuators in many fields. Depending on the application, the polymer properties have to be adjusted in terms of force developed under stimuli, kinetics of actuation, elasticity, and resistance to specific loads. In this work, the crosslinker modification at molecular level is explored towards the optimization of LCN properties as light‐responsive artificial muscles. The synthesis and characterization of photopolymerizable crosslinkers, bearing different lateral groups on the aromatic core is reported. Such molecules are able to strongly modulate the material mechanical properties, such as kinetics and maximum tension under light actuation, opening up to interesting materials for biomedical applications.
Study of compatibility between a 3T MR system and detector modules for a second‐generation RF‐penetrable TOF‐PET insert for simultaneous PET/MRI
Authors: Dong Qian , Adams Zander , Watkins Ronald D. , Lee Brian J. , Chang Chen‐Ming , Sacco Ilaria , Levin Craig S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSimultaneous positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) has shown promise in acquiring complementary multiparametric information of disease. However, designing these hybrid imaging systems is challenging due to the propensity for mutual interference between the PET and MRI subsystems. Currently, there are integrated PET/MRI systems for clinical applications. For neurologic imaging, a brain‐dedicated PET insert provides superior spatial resolution and sensitivity compared to body PET scanners.PurposeOur first‐generation prototype brain PET insert (“PETcoil”) demonstrated RF‐penetrability and MR‐compatibility. In the second‐generation PETcoil system, all analog silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) signal digitization is moved inside the detectors, which results in substantially better PET detector performance, but presents a greater technical challenge for achieving MR‐compatibility. In this paper, we report results from MR‐compatibility studies of two fully assembled second‐generation PET insert detector modules.MethodsWe studied the effect of the presence of the two second‐generation TOF‐PET insert detectors on parameters that affect MR image quality and evaluated TOF‐PET detector performance under different MRI pulse sequence conditions.ResultsWith the presence of operating PET detectors, no RF noise peaks were induced in the MR images, but the relative average noise level was increased by 15%, which led to a 3.1 to 4.2‐dB degradation in MR image signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). The relative homogeneity of MR images degraded by less than 1.5% with the two operating TOF‐PET detectors present. The reported results also indicated that ghosting artifacts (percent signal ghosting (PSG) ⩽ 1%) and MR susceptibility artifacts (0.044 ppm) were insignificant. The PET detector data showed a relative change of less than 5% in detector module performance between running outside and within the MR bore under different MRI pulse sequences except for energy resolution in EPI sequence (13% relative difference).ConclusionsThe PET detector operation did not cause any significant artifacts in MR images and the performance and time‐of‐flight (TOF) capability of the former were preserved under different tested MR conditions.
Impact of region of interest definition on visual stimulation‐based cerebral vascular reactivity functional MRI with a special focus on applications in cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Authors: van Harten Thijs W. , van Rooden Sanneke , Koemans Emma A. , van Opstal Anna M. , Greenberg Steven M. , van der Grond Jeroen , Wermer Marieke J. H. , van Osch Matthias J. P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCerebral vascular reactivity quantified using blood oxygen level‐dependent functional MRI in conjuncture with a visual stimulus has been proven to be a potent and early marker for cerebral amyloid angiopathy. This work investigates the influence of different postprocessing methods on the outcome of such vascular reactivity measurements. Three methods for defining the region of interest (ROI) over which the reactivity is measured are investigated: structural (transformed V1), functional (template based on the activation of a subset of subjects), and percentile (11.5 cm3 most responding voxels). Evaluation is performed both in a test–retest experiment in healthy volunteers (N = 12), as well as in 27 Dutch‐type cerebral amyloid angiopathy patients and 33 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects. The results show that the three methods select a different subset of voxels, although all three lead to similar outcome measures in healthy subjects. However, in (severe) pathology, the percentile method leads to higher reactivity measures than the other two, due to circular analysis or “double dipping” by defining a subject‐specific ROI based on the strongest responses within each subject. Furthermore, while different voxels are included in the presence of lesions, this does not necessarily result in different outcome measures. In conclusion, to avoid bias created by the method, either a structural or a functional method is recommended. Both of these methods provide similar reactivity measures, although the functional ROI appears to be less reproducible between studies, because slightly different subsets of voxels were found to be included. On the other hand, the functional method did include fewer lesion voxels than the structural method.
Single breath‐hold three‐dimensional whole‐heart T2 mapping with low‐rank plus sparse reconstruction
Authors: Si Dongyue , Kong Xiangchuang , Guo Rui , Cheng Lan , Ning Zihan , Chen Zhensen , Chen Shuo , Herzka Daniel A. , Ding Haiyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate a three‐dimensional single Breath‐hOLd cardiac T2 mapping sequence (3D BOLT) with low‐rank plus sparse (L + S) reconstruction for rapid whole‐heart T2 measurement. 3D BOLT collects three highly accelerated electrocardiogram‐triggered volumes with whole‐heart coverage, all within a single 12‐heartbeat breath‐hold. Saturation pulses are performed every heartbeat to prepare longitudinal magnetization before T2 preparation (T2‐prep) or readout, and the echo time of T2‐prep is varied per volume for variable T2 weighting. Accelerated volumes are reconstructed jointly by an L + S algorithm. 3D BOLT was optimized and validated against gradient spin echo (GraSE) and a previously published approach (three‐dimensional free‐breathing cardiac T2 mapping [3DFBT2]) in both phantoms and human subjects (11 healthy subjects and 10 patients). The repeatability of 3D BOLT was validated on healthy subjects. Retrospective experiments indicated that 3D BOLT with 4.2‐fold acceleration achieved T2 measurements comparable with those obtained with fully sampled data. T2 measured in phantoms using 3D BOLT demonstrated good accuracy and precision compared with the reference (R2 > 0.99). All in vivo imaging was successful and the average left ventricle T2s measured by GraSE, 3DFBT2, and 3D BOLT were comparable and consistent for all healthy subjects (47.0 ± 2.3 vs. 47.7 ± 2.7 vs. 48.4 ± 1.8 ms) and patients (50.8 ± 3.0 vs. 48.6 ± 3.9 vs. 49.1 ± 3.7 ms), respectively. Myocardial T2 measured by 3D BOLT had excellent agreement with 3DFBT2 and there was no significant difference in mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. 3D BOLT showed excellent repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.938). The proposed 3D BOLT achieved whole‐heart T2 mapping in a single breath‐hold with good accuracy, precision, and repeatability on T2 measurements.
Phase‐shifted transverse relaxation orientation dependences in human brain white matter
Authors: Pang Yuxi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work aimed to demonstrate an essential phase shift
for better quantifying
and
in human brain white matter (WM), and to further elucidate its origin related to the directional diffusivities from standard diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
was integrated into a proposed generalized transverse relaxation model for characterizing previously published
and
orientation dependence profiles in brain WM, and then comparisons were made with those without
. It was theorized that anisotropic diffusivity direction
was collinear with an axon fiber subject to all eigenvalues and eigenvectors from an apparent diffusion tensor. To corroborate the origin of
,
orientation dependences referenced by
were compared with those referenced by the standard principal diffusivity direction
at b‐values of 1000 and 2500 (s/mm2). These
orientation dependences were obtained from
‐weighted images (b = 0) of ultrahigh‐resolution Connectome DTI datasets in the public domain. A normalized root‐mean‐square error (
) and an
‐test were used for evaluating curve‐fittings, and statistical significance was considered to be a p of 0.05 or less. A phase‐shifted model resulted in significantly reduced
compared with that without
in quantifying various
and
profiles, both in vivo and ex vivo at multiple
fields. The
profiles based on
manifested a right‐shifted phase (
) at two b‐values, while those based on
became free from
. For all phase‐shifted
and
profiles,
generally depended on the directional diffusivities by
, as predicted. In summary, a ubiquitous phase shift
has been demonstrated as a prerequisite for better quantifying transverse relaxation orientation dependences in human brain WM. Furthermore, the origin of
associated with the directional diffusivities from DTI has been elucidated. These findings could have a significant impact on interpretations of prior
and
datasets and on future research.
Deep learning inversion method of tunnel resistivity synthetic data based on modelling data
Authors: Liu Benchao , Guo Qian , Tang Yuting , Jiang Peng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDifferent water‐bearing geological structures in front of the tunnel face are the main cause of tunnel water inrush disasters, affecting tunnel constructionsafety. Due to the narrow tunnel space and the limited data that can be detected, the traditional linear inversion method for detecting them has multiple solutions. In this paper, we establish a database with complex models, including water‐bearing geological structures usually encountered during tunnel construction. Then we build a complex nonlinear relationship mapping between the tunnel face observation data and the resistivity model through the deep neural network algorithm (electrical resistivity inversion network tunnel, ERTInvNet‐T for short). ERTInvNet‐T first uses a fully connected network to extract the tunnel depth features from the observed data, from which a three‐dimensional geoelectric model of the tunnel is then generated by a three‐dimensional deconvolutional network. At the same time, there is a problem with the uneven spatial distribution of the sensitivity of the data to the model. Therefore, depth weighting information constraint based on the distance factor is added to the loss function, which improves the network algorithm's learning ability for different detection positions of the tunnel. The validity of the proposed method is verified by a large number of numerical simulation experiments.
Design of an Online Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry System to Study Gas Evolution from Cells with Lean and Volatile Electrolytes
Authors: Sim Richard , Langdon Jayse , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGas evolution in high‐energy Li‐ion batteries remains a pervasive problem for a multitude of chemistries, jeopardizing the electrochemical performance and safety for consumers of electric vehicles. Many electrode–electrolyte degradation processes evolve gasses that may be detected in‐situ with online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS). In this work, details are provided for the setup and validation of an OEMS system that operates well under lean and volatile electrolyte conditions. Quite notably, the OEMS cells with only 40 µL of electrolyte and intermittent headspace sampling exhibit comparable electrochemical performance to flooded coin‐cells. It is demonstrated that the onset time, shape, and magnitude of the gas evolution profiles calculated from mass spectrometer measurements match well to a known pressure reference through the use of an empirically determined fraction of removal. The off‐gassing characteristics from a set of layered‐oxide materials, NMC532, NMC811, and LNO, are used to further validate the OEMS setup against the literature. It is shown that many of the features present in the OEMS curves for equivalent systems from other groups are captured by this OEMS system. At an upper cut‐off voltage of 4.4 V, LNO exhibits an intense release of CO2, O2, and CO gas relative to NMC532 and NMC811.
Experimental research and numerical simulations of the actual response flat slab in case of column loss
Authors: Buda‐Ożóg Lidia , Zięba Joanna , Sieńkowska Katarzyna , Nykiel Damian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study reports the influence of tie reinforcement on the load‐bearing capacity of a flat plate slab in a failure situation due to the removal of an edge column. The results are based on numerical model analysis, experimental investigations, and analytical estimation. A numerical model was developed using the ATENA FEM program and validated based on the test results of the materials used. Experimental studies on the edge column removal were carried out for three models of 16 field flat plate slabs with varying degrees of tie reinforcement. Furthermore, the columns removed in Models M1 and M2 were near the corner edge columns, whereas in Model M3, they were the middle edge columns. The behavior of a reinforced concrete flat plate subjected to large deflections was estimated analytically based on the current literature and compared with the results obtained from numerical analyses and experimental investigations. During the experimental investigations, many traditional and modern techniques were used to measure the strains and displacements of reinforcing steel and concrete.