bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ahead of the Fisher–KPP front
Authors: Brunet Éric 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The solution h to the Fisher–KPP equation with a steep enough initial condition develops into a front moving at velocity 2, with logarithmic corrections to its position. In this paper we investigate the value

h
(
c
t
,
t
)

of the solution ahead of the front, at time t and position ct, with c > 2. That value goes to zero exponentially fast with time, with a well-known rate, but the prefactor depends in a non-trivial way of c, the initial condition and the nonlinearity in the equation. We compute an asymptotic expansion of that prefactor for velocities c close to 2. The expansion is surprisingly explicit and irregular. The main tool of this paper is the so-called ‘magical expression’ which relates the position of the front, the initial condition, and the quantity we investigate.
Lyapunov irregular set of Banach cocycles
Authors: Chen Yexing , Zang Yuntao , Zou Rui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Let

(

Σ

M

,
f
)

be a topologically mixing subshift of finite type and let

be a Hölder continuous map where

B

×

is the set of invertible elements of a Banach ring B. We prove that either all ergodic measures have the same maximal Lyapunov exponent, or the irregular set

is residual in

Σ

M

and has full upper capacity topological entropy of

Σ

M

. We also prove for generic fiber-bunched cocycles, similar statements can be strengthened by considering the Bowen topological entropy.
Semi-TMS: an efficient regularization-oriented triple-teacher semi-supervised medical image segmentation model
Authors: Chen Weihong , Zhou Shangbo , Liu Xiaojuan , Chen Yijia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Although convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Transformers have performed well in many medical image segmentation tasks, they rely on large amounts of labeled data for training. The annotation of medical image data is expensive and time-consuming, so it is common to use semi-supervised learning methods that use a small amount of labeled data and a large amount of unlabeled data to improve the performance of medical imaging segmentation. Approach. This work aims to enhance the segmentation performance of medical images using a triple-teacher cross-learning semi-supervised medical image segmentation with shape perception and multi-scale consistency regularization. To effectively leverage the information from unlabeled data, we design a multi-scale semi-supervised method for three-teacher cross-learning based on shape perception, called Semi-TMS. The three teacher models engage in cross-learning with each other, where Teacher A and Teacher C utilize a CNN architecture, while Teacher B employs a transformer model. The cross-learning module consisting of Teacher A and Teacher C captures local and global information, generates pseudo-labels, and performs cross-learning using prediction results. Multi-scale consistency regularization is applied separately to the CNN and Transformer to improve accuracy. Furthermore, the low uncertainty output probabilities from Teacher A or Teacher C are utilized as input to Teacher B, enhancing the utilization of prior knowledge and overall segmentation robustness. Main results. Experimental evaluations on two public datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms some existing semi-segmentation models, implicitly capturing shape information and effectively improving the utilization and accuracy of unlabeled data through multi-scale consistency. Significance. With the widespread utilization of medical imaging in clinical diagnosis, our method is expected to be a potential auxiliary tool, assisting clinicians and medical researchers in their diagnoses.
Experimental validation of an innovative approach in biokinetics study for personalised dosimetry of molecular radiation therapy treatments
Authors: Mancini-Terracciano C , Ambrosino A , Campana L , Cassano B , Collamati F , Faccini R , Iaccarino G , Mirabelli R , Morganti S , Nicolanti F , Pacilio M , Soriani A , Solfaroli Camillocci E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of today’s main challenges in molecular radiation therapy is to assess an individual dosimetry that allows treatment to be tailored to the specific patient, in accordance with the current paradigm of ‘personalized medicine’. The evaluation of the absorbed doses for tumor and organs at risk in molecular radiotherapy is typically based on MIRD schema acquiring few experimental points for the assessement of biokinetic parameters. WIDMApp, the wearable individual dose monitoring apparatus, is an innovative approach for internal dosimetry based on a wearable radiation detecting system for individual biokinetics sampling, a Monte Carlo simulation for particle interaction, and an unfolding algorithm for data analysis and integrated activity determination at organ level. A prototype of a WIDMApp detector element was used to record the photon emissions in a body phantom containing 3 spheres with liquid sources (18F, 64Cu and 99m
Tc) to simulate organs having different washout. Modelling the phantom geometry on the basis of a CT scan imaging, the Monte Carlo simulation computed the contribution of each emitting sphere to the signal detected in 3 positions on the phantoms surface. Combining the simulated results with the data acquired for 120 h, the unfolding algorithm deconvolved the detected signal and assessed the decay half-life (T
1/2) and initial activity values (A(0)) that best reproduces the observed exponential decays. A 3%–18% level of agreement is found between the actual A(0) and T
1/2 values and those obtained by means of the minimization procedure based on the Monte Carlo simulation. That resulted in an estimation of the cumulated activity <15%. Moreover, WIDMApp data redundancy has been used to mitigate some experimental occurrences that happened during data taking. A first experimental test of the WIDMApp approach to internal radiation dosimetry is presented. Studies with patients are foreseen to validate the technique in a real environment.
A comparison of measured and treatment planning system out-of-field dose for a 1.5 T MR linac
Authors: Powers Marcus , Baines John 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Dose due to the electron streaming effect (ESE) is a significant contribution to out-of-field dose on the Elekta Unity MR-Linac. The aim of this work is to provide a systematic comparison of calculated and measured streaming dose for this system. Approach. Beams 1.0 × 1.0 cm2 to 5.0 × 5.0 cm2, gantry 90.0°, 1000 MU, were incident on an in-house phantom. At the beam entrance and exit surfaces of the phantom, ESE was generated in the Y-direction (IEC 61217). EBT3 film, orientated within the X–Z plane and at 14.0 mm depth in a solid water block, was used to determine ESE dose 5.0 cm beyond the phantom. The experimental arrangement was simulated in the Monaco v5.4 treatment planning system (TPS), utilising a CT phantom dataset with differing relative electron densities (RED) for the surrounding air. Horizontal (X direction) and vertical (Z direction) film dose profiles were compared to the corresponding TPS profiles. Main results. For each field, the maximum ESE dose was observed at the beam exit, the magnitude of which decreases with decreasing field size. For the 5.0 × 5.0 cm2 field, the exit and entry ESE doses were 19.6% and 7.0% of the D
max dose to water, respectively. Across horizontal profiles, differences (simulated—measured) were reduced with smaller fields and lower RED. The maximum absolute profile difference was 1.7% of the D
max dose to water for optimal RED and isocentre location. In vertical profiles an offset consistent with the Lorentz force was observed relative to the X–Y isoplane. Significance. For the fields investigated, maximum absolute differences (simulated—measured) ≤ 5.2% occurred in peak regions of ESE, at the beam entrance and exit from the phantom. Generally, there is good agreement between Monaco simulated and measured ESE. Simulated out-of-field dose is sensitive to the RED assigned to air structures and unforced RED optimises out-of-field dose calculation accuracy.
Bending performance of the CORC cable with flexible interlocked stainless steel former
Authors: Shi Yangyang , Ma Tao , Dai Shaotao , Jin Huan , Qin Jinggang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The high temperature superconducting cable on round core (CORC) is a kind of cable that could be used in fusion projects. Nevertheless, conventional copper former CORC cables require a large external force to allow the cable to endure plastic deformation and be tightly wound into solenoids. In this case, the superconducting tape will be affected by concentrated stress, resulting in a risk of critical current degradation. Therefore, this paper proposes a new CORC cable with flexible interlocked stainless steel former, which can be wound into a solenoid by applying a small external force. To verify the bending performance of this interlocked former CORC cable, a double-layer and a ten-layer interlocked stainless steel former CORC cable, as well as a double-layer traditional copper former CORC cable, are fabricated. And these three CORC cables are used to wind solenoids of various radius sizes respectively. The experimental results show that the critical bending radius of the double-layer interlocked stainless steel former CORC cable is less than 20 mm, the critical bending radius of the ten-layer interlocked stainless steel former CORC cable is less than 50 mm, and the critical bending radius of the double-layer traditional copper former CORC cable is larger than 55 mm. A self-consistent finite element model for the critical current of the CORC cable solenoid is also established. And the critical current experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The results of this paper verify the excellent bending performance of the interlocked former CORC cable, which provides a good option for the preparation of insert magnets for future fusion projects.
An Improved Design of Absolute-value Detector by Using Optimized Ripple Adder
Authors: Yang Jichao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Absolute-value detector (AVD) is one of the most basic bit-operating devices, which compares the magnitude of two inputs. However, the traditional 4-bit AVD is not only time-consuming but also has a high energy consumption. This paper uses a hybrid design to optimize the 4-bit AVD by introducing an improved ripple adder in the absolute value extraction part, which then can be less energy-consuming and requires fewer transistors. The paper divides the design of AVD into an absolute value extraction part and a comparator. The input (2’s complement) can be positive or negative numbers in the absolute value extraction part. By observing the most significant bit (MSB) of the input, the design can determine the sign of input and output magnitude. For the comparator, this paper uses a logic of step-by-step comparison from the most to the least significant bits. Then, this paper finds the minimum delay of the design by critical path analysis and gate sizing. The final delay is set at 1.5 times its minimum. Device voltage optimization is applied for calculating the energy consumption. Finally, with 1.5 times the minimum delay, the energy consumption is 40% less than the consumption when the delay is the minimum.
High Precision Piezoelectric Micro Droplet Control and Generation System
Authors: Zhao Lin , Li Wang-xin , Dong Wen-fei , Jia Rui-hao , Dong Chuan-he 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To analyze and design an intelligent system that can achieve the generation and control of micro droplets. This article is based on the ANSYS finite element analysis and calculation software to design a fluid piezoelectric actuator with a circular oscillator, establish an overall structural model, and provide the design principle and driving structure of the piezoelectric actuator. And different control methods and driving performance were explored. We studied the simulation method of calculating the pressure at the nozzle through the variation of signal excitation amplitude and the control basis of micro droplets. Through the excitation signal, the movement of the fluid can be controlled, and the driving control effect of the fluid has been verified through simulation calculations.
The Method of High Precision Self localization of Transmission Line Bolts by Lightweight Maintenance Robot
Authors: Hu Ran , Chen Jianqiang , Wu Jiong , Liang Chengjun , Yu Jialiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe conventional high-precision autonomous positioning method of transmission line bolts mainly focuses on image detection and positioning. Affected by the weather environment, it is difficult to take real-time images of transmission lines, which affects the accuracy of bolt positioning. Therefore, a method of high precision and autonomous positioning of transmission line bolts by the lightweight maintenance robot is designed. Extracting the contour features of the connected area of the bolt cross arm of the transmission line, and marking the connected area of the bolt, it is easier to locate the target bolt. Build a high-precision self positioning model for the transmission line bolts of the lightweight maintenance robot, compensate for the self positioning joint error of the lightweight maintenance robot, and maximize the bolt positioning accuracy. The simulation experiment verifies that the positioning method has higher accuracy and can be applied in real life.
Performance Test of Weld Zone of Rotary Friction Welding of Titanium Alloy Drill Pipe
Authors: Zhang Wandong , Huang Yi , Wu Jiang , Shi Taihe , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Zhongshi , Yu Xiaoling , Guo Shujun , Jiang Yingbin , Yang Fugui , Sun Mingjun , Cong Peitao , Yu Hairui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the development of complex oil and gas reservoirs, it is difficult for traditional carbon steel to meet the requirements of drill pipe materials in drilling process. Titanium alloy has gradually become a new choice of drill pipe material because of its low density and good corrosion resistance. Titanium alloy has poor weldability and weld zone of titanium alloy drill string is easy to become initial defect and lead to drill pipe failure. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the performance of titanium alloy drill pipe weld zone. In this paper, the weld zone of titanium alloy rotary friction welding is tested. Metallographic structure, hardness, tension and impact mechanical tests, fracture toughness evaluation and bending fatigue test are carried out. The test results show that the metallographic structure of weld zone changes under the influence of temperature, resulting in different mechanical properties of weld zone from that of pipe body zone. The yield strength and tensile strength in the weld zone are higher than those in the pipe zone, but the fracture toughness is lower than that in the pipe zone. The fatigue life of specimens in weld zone is more than 107 in drilling mud environment. In general, the mechanical properties of weld zone meet drilling requirements.
Effect of laser power on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg alloy
Authors: Liu Peng , Wu Maoliang , Wu Guoqiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Selective laser melting technology has the advantages of high machining precision, complex forming structure, short processing time, and low cost. In this work, the effect of laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg alloy formed by SLM was studied. The density, microhardness, and elongation of SLMed AlSi10Mg alloy increased with the increase of laser power, while the tensile strength and yield strength increased first and then decreased.
Preparation of Molybdenum Disulfide Nanopowders and Their Adsorption Performance for Rhodamine B
Authors: Fang Yueyun , Qu Qian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With industrialization, industrial wastewater, especially dye wastewater, flows into water resources, causing serious water pollution problems. Therefore, it is urgent to quarantine organic dyes from wastewater and improve water resource quality. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanomaterials are widely used in water treatment fields because of their special structure and properties; a case in point is pollutant adsorption, photocatalysis, membrane separation, and antibacterial treatment. In this paper, ammonium molybdate and thiourea were used as precursors; while the relative concentration of thiourea was increased, MoS2 nanopowders were prepared by the hydrothermal method. Then the prepared MoS2 nanopowders were characterized. The adsorption performance of organic dyes was preliminarily studied with the rhodamine B dye adsorption model.
Promotion of Salinity to Protonation of Amidine-based CO2-switchable Surfactant
Authors: Ma Sihang , Wang Yuanyuan , Sun Jinlong , Yi Xiaoling , Chang Zhidong , Hou Qingfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Amidine-based switchable surfactants, whose surface activity is enabled by protonation, are a desirable candidate for the development of enhanced oil recovery methods. However, studies on the influence of salt components on the protonation of amidine-based surfactants are still very limited. In this study, it has been found that inorganic salts can induce the protonation of amidine-based surfactants, using N’-dodecyl-N and N-dimethyl acetamidine (C12-DMAA) as an example. The feasibility predictions of protonation of C12-DMAA in pure water and brines were attained by quantum chemical simulation. The occurrence of partial protonation is determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). In the dispersion test, variation in conductivity and pH indicated that the water molecule plays the role of proton donor in the protonation process, and the protonation level is unaffected by the presence of cationic species. Overall, this research enhances the understanding of the switchable ability, as well as the efficient utilization of amidine-based surfactants in salt-containing systems.
The effect of trace rare earth on grain size and properties of copper coating
Authors: Zhang Mingyi , Gao Ping , Jia Xiaobin , Wang Wei , Sun Quanxi , Li Shuli 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Copper coating was fabricated by the forging process. The quasi-static properties of the coating were simulated by low power microscope, metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, bench Brinell hardness, and thermal simulation tester. The effects of rare earth on the as-cast grains, recrystallized grains, mechanical properties, and dynamic properties of the copper dome were studied. The experimental results show that the as-cast grains and recrystallized grains can be refined obviously by adding rare earth, and the mechanical properties can be improved in different amplitude. The samples with rare earth addition are more sensitive to strain rate and have higher yield strength at higher strain rate.
Tensile and Fracture Properties of the Ag/W Composite Interface from First-Principle Calculation
Authors: Du Xiaoming , Wang Xue , Liu Jide 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As an important electrical contact composite, the interface bonding properties of Ag/W composite directly affect its functional properties and subsequent processing properties. In this paper, the mechanical properties and the adhesion strength of Ag(111)/W(100), Ag (111)/W(110), and Ag(111)/W(111) models are investigated by means of first-principles calculations. The Stress-strain curve reveals that the Ag/W composite interface structures have good tensile mechanical properties. The charge density shows that charge transfer occurs near the interface, which is the main reason that affects the fracture performance, and it occurs mainly between the first and second layers on the Ag side. The results of adhesion work and interface energy cannot be used to indicate the interfacial tensile strength.
The study on the preparation of AlON transparent ceramic and its ballistic resistance
Authors: Liu Fafu , Mu Xiaoming , Gao Chuang , Guo Zaizai , Zhang Cong , Guo Jianbin , Cao Jianwu , Lin Guangqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The AlON transparent ceramic was widely used as a strike-surface layer for transparent armor because of its outstanding mechanical and optical properties. With the same protection capability, the AlON transparent ceramic armor can significantly reduce surface density and thickness compared with bulletproof glass, which can effectively improve the lightweight of armed helicopters and armored vehicles. In this work, AlON transparent ceramics were fabricated by sintering AlON powder sintered at 1960°C, which was synthesized by the method of carbothermic reduction and nitridation. More than 99.8% of the relative density of the samples of AlON ceramics was kept under hot isostatic pressing for 30 hours. The maximum visible light transmission of the AlON transparent ceramic sample amounted to more than 80 %, and the flexural strength and Vickers hardness can reach up to 350 MPa and 15 GPa respectively, exhibiting excellent ballistic performance. When 53-type 7.62 mm API hit AlON transparent ceramic, there are radial and circumferential modes during its crack growth process, which can guide the structural design of the transparent ceramic armor.
Study on the organization and properties of high-strength Ti-Zr-Mo-Al alloys
Authors: Liu Yaguang , Zhang Bo , Xu Xiaochen , Chen Lei , Chu Shaochen , Zhu Minxin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work investigated the effect of the heat treatment mechanism on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the metastable β titanium alloy (Ti-16.3Zr-13.6Mo-6Al-1.6Cu-0.6Ni). The results reveal that the α phase morphology at the grain boundary of the as-cast changes from continuous distribution to discontinuous distribution after heat treatment at 900°C/12 h. When the solution temperature is raised to 1200°C/12 h, the α phase shows spherical distribution at the grain boundary. At this moment, the yield strength reaches about 1009 MPa, and the tensile strength reaches about 1188 MPa. In addition, the elongation is about 2.3%. Then the alloys were aged at 450°C from 4 h to 8 h after solution at 1200°C/12 h. In the aging process, the plastic deformation capacity is further reduced because a point-like α phase was precipitated in the alloy. However, the compressive strength was improved. From aging treatment at 450°C/6 h, the compressive yield strength reached about 1584 MPa, and the compressive strength reached about 2034 MPa. However, the compressive plasticity strain is only 2.1%.
Preparation of Tilted Grating Structure by Nanoimprinting Material with High Refractive Index
Authors: Zhang Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The vigorous development of the semiconductor industry has made people’s demand for semiconductor devices increasingly high, but with the shrinking specifications of components, traditional lithography technology has been unable to adapt to the needs of pattern refinement. In optical lithography, it is difficult to produce patterns with feature dimensions of less than 7 nm. Nano-embossing lithography technology, as the next generation of lithography technology, has reached a feature size of less than 5 nm, and even according to relevant reports, the processing accuracy of the technology has reached 2 nm. In this paper, we experimentally illustrate the structural change trend of the inclined grating structure after continuous imprinting, so that the structural height will show a downward trend with the increase of the number of embossing, and the line width of the structural plane will show an upward trend. The best effect is obtained by obtaining high refractive index glue 133 repetitive imprinting two kinds of inclined grating structures. And the nature of the embossing adhesive is proportional to its refractive index, and the higher the refractive index of the embossing adhesive with better imprinting properties.