bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malignes Melanom und Adipositas: eine Übersichtsarbeit
Authors: Zidane Miriam , Theurich Sebastian , Schlaak Max 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Inzidenz von Adipositas nimmt weltweit stetig zu. Übergewicht und Adipositas werden als mögliche Risikofaktoren für verschiedene Krebserkrankungen, einschließlich des malignen Melanoms, diskutiert. Dieser Review stellt die Evidenz zu der Assoziation zwischen Adipositas und dem malignen Melanom dar.
Methodik Selektive Literaturrecherche.
Ergebnisse Obwohl verschiedene Erklärungsansätze für eine mögliche Assoziation von Adipositas und dem malignen Melanom existieren, sind diese nicht vollständig bekannt und weiterhin Gegenstand der Forschung. Die Evidenz zur Assoziation zwischen Adipositas und Melanom-Outcomes für Patienten ohne Systemtherapie ist gering. Für Patienten mit Systemtherapie gibt es Evidenz, die einen protektiven Effekt unter Immuntherapien und zielgerichteten Therapien beschreibt.
Schlussfolgerung Insgesamt gibt es zu der Assoziation zwischen dem malignen Melanom und Adipositas nicht ausreichend Evidenz, um zu schlussfolgern, ob Adipositas einen unabhängigen protektiven Effekt hat oder ein Risikofaktor für die Entstehung von Melanomen darstellt. Weitere Forschung ist erforderlich, um das Wissen über diesen möglichen Zusammenhang zu vertiefen.
Differenzialdiagnose Vaskulitis und Vaskulopathie aus dermatologischer Sicht
Authors: Mitschang Carolin , Ehrchen Jan , Görge Tobias 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungVaskulopathien und Vaskulitiden stellen diagnostisch und therapeutisch eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar. Zugrunde liegen unterschiedliche pathophysiologische Mechanismen, die zu vielfältigen klinischen Krankheitsbildern führen können und therapeutisch unterschiedliche Ansätze erlauben. Sowohl Vaskulitiden als auch Vaskulopathien müssen nicht zwangsläufig mit einer Systembeteiligung einhergehen, sondern können auch als rein kutane Varianten auftreten. Aufgrund mangelnder pathognomonischer Laborparameter ist die Diagnose häufig klinisch zu stellen. Dieser Artikel soll den differenzialdiagnostischen Blick, insbesondere auf die kutanen Manifestationsformen bei Vaskulopathien und Vaskulitiden, schärfen.
Anterior Skull Base Osteoradionecrosis in the Age of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy: A Case Series
Authors: Kosaraju Nikitha , Zhang Huan , Qi Sharon , Chin Robert , Wang Marilene B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Despites advances in radiation technology, skull base osteoradionecrosis (ORN) continues to be a rare, devastating, and hard to treat complication of radiotherapy. We present three cases of anterior skull base ORN in a cohort treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
Case Series Three patients developed anterior skull base ORN after receiving at least one round of IMRT. ORN was diagnosed through either nasal endoscopy or imaging findings. The first was a 59-year-old woman with a sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. Her chemoradiation history was notable for reirradiation and a high dose of radiation (143.3 Gy). The second was a 55-year-old man with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, whose history was notable for a high dose of radiation (∼140 Gy) and for being reirradiated. The final patient was a 37-year-old woman with an unremarkable history who received radiotherapy (65.0 Gy) for an esthesioneuroblastoma. One patient was asymptomatic and did not receive ORN-specific therapy. The other two were treated with a combination of medical and surgical intervention with successful short-term outcomes (no evidence of infection).
Conclusion Anterior skull base ORN can be treated through conservative and surgical means to achieve successful short-term outcomes. Further investigation of long-term outcomes is warranted.
Anti-thrombotic Effects Mediated by a Novel Dual-Target Peptide Inhibiting Both Platelet Aggregation and Thrombin Activity without Causing Bleeding
Authors: Yu Jinchao , Wang Tianfa , Zhang Xiaohan , Chen Qing , Hu Yajun , Liang Qiaoyan , Shi Yun , Wang Yuxiong , Zhang Yanling , Yu Min , Zhao Bing 
Published: September 2023

Background Classical anticoagulants and antiplatelets are associated with high frequencies of bleeding complications or treatment failure when used as single agents. Thrombin plays an important role in the blood coagulation system. GP IIb/IIIa is the central receptor of platelets, which can recognize the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence and activate platelets.
Material and Methods Molecular simulation and homology modeling were performed to design a novel dual-target anticoagulant short peptide (PTIP ). The activities of PTIP on coagulation and platelet in vitro were analyzed. The antithrombotic activity of PTIP was determined by pulmonary thromboembolism model, ferric chloride injury model and arteriovenous bypass thrombosis model. Bleeding effect and toxicity of PTIP were evaluated.
Results We have constructed a novel dual-target peptide (PTIP) based on the direct thrombin inhibitor peptide (DTIP). PTIP was expressed at high levels in Pichia pastoris. PTIP interfered with thrombin-mediated coagulation and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in vitro. When injected intravenously or subcutaneously, PTIP showed potent and dose-dependent extension of aPTT and PT which were similar to DTIP; but only PTIP was capable of inhibiting platelet aggregation. PTIP (1.0 mg/kg) decelerated thrombosis formation in venous and arterial vessels induced by FeCl3 injury. PTIP (1.0 mg/kg) also prevented deep venous thrombosis and increased the survival rate associated with pulmonary thromboembolism. And PTIP effectively reduced thrombus length in arteriovenous bypass thrombosis model. Moreover, the antithrombotic dose of PTIP could not induce bleeding.
Conclusion These data establish that PTIP represents a novel antithrombotic agent whose effects involve both inhibition of platelet activation and reduction of fibrin generation. And PTIP not only can be used in venous thrombosis and arterial thrombosis, it can also replace the combined treatment of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in thrombotic diseases.
How to convince in a televised debate: the application of machine learning to analyze why viewers changed their winner perception during the 2021 German chancellor discussion
Authors: Ettensperger Felix , Waldvogel Thomas , Wagschal Uwe , Weishaupt Samuel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhat causes viewers to change their winner perception during a televised debate? The article addresses this question, drawing on a large-N field study of the 2021 chancellor debate in Germany, which contains survey and real-time response data for 4613 participants. Using machine learning techniques, we identify determinants of why participants change their opinion about who is winning the discussion during the debate. Our analysis based on random forest and decision tree models shows in detail, first, what factors drive debate winner perceptions in the course of televised debate reception. Second, we reveal what combinations of political predispositions and candidate statements are necessary to change the viewers’ debate winner perception. In doing so, third, we expand the toolbox of empirical debate research with our analysis based on machine learning algorithms. Our findings indicate that pre-debate chancellor preference and candidate images play a crucial role in determining post-debate perception change, while party identification is less important in predicting changes. We can also directly identify several speech moments in the debate that shifted viewer perception, a novel approach to evaluating political debate performance.
Utilizing mutual learning in literature and cultural industry finance in order to realise green economic recovery and sustainability
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhang Jingfeng , Zhang Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper aims to evaluate the impact of cultural and creative industries (CCI) finance on green economic flourishing for 16 European Union countries from 2012 to 2021. The coefficients estimated by the Arellano-Bond dynamic GMM technique confirmed that the market size coefficient of the cultural and creative industries is positive. In the case of green innovation, this variable has a positive coefficient. In addition, a 1% increase in the index of openness of the financial markets improves the green economy index of the European Union countries by 0.015%. With a 1% increase in the volume of cultural goods trade in the studied countries, the green economy index increases by 0.184%. The primary policy implications are developing green financing tools, using green cryptocurrencies in the cultural industry, developing the policy of trade multilateralism in cultural goods, promoting mutual learning of civilizations and cross-cultural literary exchange and innovation, and green government support for small and medium enterprises active in the culture industry.
A bipedal cooperative drive method for the stick–slip piezoelectric actuator to achieve smooth motion
Authors: Ding Zhaochen , Yu Huadong , Zhou Xiaoqin , Xu Zhi , Dong Jingshi , Qiu Wen 
Published: September 2023

Existing kinds of stepping piezoelectric actuators have difficulty in maintaining smooth stepping characteristics in motion, especially with applied loads, because they are limited by their driving principle and structural design. However, non-smooth stepping characteristics not only reduce the output performance of piezoelectric actuators but also greatly limit the applications of piezoelectric actuators. In this paper, a bipedal cooperative drive method for the stick–slip actuator is proposed to improve stepping characteristics and achieve smooth motion under different conditions. Two flexible driving feet alternately push the rotor to rotate clockwise. Experimental results show that the stepping characteristics vary with the driving voltage, and the displacement curve transitions from non-smooth to smooth to sudden jump as the driving voltage rises. Furthermore, the displacement curves can maintain good smoothness within a horizontal load range of 20–30 g. The maximum angular speed of the designed actuator is 1452 mrad/s when the driving voltage and driving frequency are 100 V and 1400 Hz, respectively. These features help broaden the practical application of actuators.
Constructing superior rate-performance manganese-based anode for lithium-ion batteries by tuning interface effect
Authors: Wang Shenghe , Li Song , Cui Qianqian , Wen Zhongsheng , Sun Juncai 
Published: September 2023

Interface engineering is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials for LIBs. Point contact interfaces in composites are constructed by growing of Mn3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of acetylene black (AB). The prepared electrode materials exhibit excellent rate capability (355.7 mAh g−1 at 6.4 A g−1) and cycling stability (1386.7 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 1 A g−1). The presence of AB in the composite reduces the charge transfer resistance and improves the cycling stability of the electrode. Moreover, the interface between the composites increases the contribution of pseudocapacitance, which will facilitate the electrode kinetics. The construction of interfaces in the composites provides a promising perspective for the design of high-power density anode for LIBs. Highlights Construction of Mn3O4 nanoparticles on 0 D-AB spheres was proposed and synthesised by a facile and scalable strategy. The composite materials exhibit excellent electrochemical performance. The superior rate performance is mainly attributed to the interface effect of composite material.
Projective geometry of homogeneous second-order Hamiltonian operators
Authors: Vergallo Pierandrea , Vitolo Raffaele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe prove the invariance of homogeneous second-order Hamiltonian operators under the action of projective reciprocal transformations. We establish a correspondence between such operators in dimensionnand 3-forms in dimensionn + 1. In this way we classify second-order Hamiltonian operators using the known classification of 3-forms in dimensions⩽9. As a by-product, we identify such operators as linear line congruences, that are distinguished algebraic varieties in Plücker’s space of lines. Systems of first-order conservation laws that are Hamiltonian with respect to such operators are also explicitly found. The geometry and integrability of the systems is discussed in detail.
Influence of the ambipolar field on the formation of electron phase flows in the positive column of a glow discharge in a nitrogen-like gas
Authors: Yao Jingfeng , Chai Yan , Yuan Chengxun , Bogdanov Eugene A , Kudryavtsev Anatoly A , Chu Zhijia , Wang Ying , Zhou Zhongxiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The formation of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) and phase flows of electrons in the plasma of a positive column of a glow discharge in a model gas with strong vibrational excitation, similar to molecular nitrogen, is analyzed in a wide pressure range. It is found that the traditional local approximation for calculating the EEDF can only be used at medium gas pressures, when the characteristic size of the plasma volume exceeds electron energy relaxation length in the entire range of electron energies. With a decrease in gas pressure, a new phenomenon is discovered—merging the phase flow streamlines into a single line on the coordinate-energy phase plane in the energy region of the of vibrational excitation threshold. It is shown that the combination of a strong electron sink at the threshold of vibrational excitation and the deceleration of electrons in an ambipolar field lead to a practical ‘vanishing’ of the component of the phase electron flux upward in energy. As a result, the streamlines of electron phase flow approach to some approximately straight line of constant kinetic energy close to the threshold energy of vibrational excitation. The formation of this feature on the phase plane correlates with the predominant escape to the walls of electrons with kinetic energy equal to the threshold of vibrational excitation.
Color Transformations of Photometric Measurements of Galaxies in Optical and Near-infrared Wide-field Imaging Surveys*
Authors: Toptun Victoria A. , Chilingarian Igor V. , Grishin Kirill A. , Katkov Ivan Yu. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, wide-field photometric surveys in optical and infrared domains reached a nearly all-sky coverage thanks to numerous observational facilities operating in both hemispheres. However, subtle differences among exact realizations of Johnson and SDSS photometric systems require one to convert photometric measurements into the same system prior to analysis of composite data sets originating from multiple surveys. It turns out that the published photometric transformations lead to substantial biases when applied to integrated photometry of galaxies from the corresponding catalogs. Here we present photometric transformations based on piece-wise linear approximations of integrated photometry of galaxies in the optical surveys SDSS, DECaLS, BASS, MzLS, DES, DELVE, KiDS, VST ATLAS, and the near-infrared surveys UKIDSS, UHS, VHS, and VIKING. We validate our transformations by constructing k-corrected color–magnitude diagrams of non-active galaxies and measuring the position and tightness of the “red sequence.” We also provide transformations for aperture magnitudes and show how they are affected by the image quality difference among the surveys. We present the implementation of the derived transformations in python and idl and also a web-based color transformation calculator for galaxies. By comparing DECaLS and DES, we identified systematic issues in DECaLS photometry for extended galaxies, which we attribute to the photometric software package used by DECaLS. As an application of our method, we compiled two multi-wavelength photometric catalogs for over 200,000 low- and intermediate-redshift galaxies originating from CfA FAST and Hectospec spectral archives.
Annotated Coadds: Concise Metrics for Characterizing Survey Cadence and for Discovering Variable and Transient Sources
Authors: Shupe David L. , Masci Frank J. , Chary Ranga Ram , Helou George , Faisst Andreas L. , Cutri Roc M. , Brooke Tim Y. , Surace Jason A , Marsh Ken A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In order to study transient phenomena in the Universe, existing and forthcoming imaging surveys are covering wide areas of sky repeatedly over time, with a range of cadences, point spread functions, and depths. We describe here a framework that allows an efficient search for different types of time-varying astrophysical phenomena in current and future, large data repositories. We first present a methodology to generate and store key survey parameters that enable researchers to determine if a survey, or a combination of surveys, allows specific time-variable astrophysical phenomena to be discovered. To facilitate further exploration of sources in regions of interest, we then generate a few sample metrics that capture the essential brightness characteristics of a sky pixel at a specific wavelength. Together, we refer to these as “annotated coadds.” The techniques presented here for WISE/NEOWISE-R data are sensitive to 10% brightness variations at around 12th Vega magnitude at 4.5 μm wavelength. Application of the technique to Zwicky Transient Factory data also enabled the detection of 0.5 mag variability at 20 AB mag in the r-band. We demonstrate the capabilities of these metrics for different classes of sources: high proper-motion stars, periodic variable stars, and supernovae, and find that each metric has its advantages depending on the nature of variability. We also present a data structure which will ease the search for temporally varying phenomena in future surveys.
Galaxy Morphology Classification Using a Semi-supervised Learning Algorithm Based on Dynamic Threshold
Authors: Jiang Jie , Zhang Jinqu , Li Xiangru , Li Hui , Du Ping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Machine learning has become a crucial technique for classifying the morphology of galaxies as a result of the meteoric development of galactic data. Unfortunately, traditional supervised learning has significant learning costs since it needs a lot of labeled data to be effective. FixMatch, a semi-supervised learning algorithm that serves as a good method, is now a key tool for using large amounts of unlabeled data. Nevertheless, the performance degrades significantly when dealing with large, imbalanced data sets since FixMatch relies on a fixed threshold to filter pseudo-labels. Therefore, this study proposes a dynamic threshold alignment algorithm based on the FixMatch model. First, the class with the highest amount has its reliable pseudo-label ratio determined, and the remaining classes’ reliable pseudo-label ratios are approximated in accordance. Second, based on the predicted reliable pseudo-label ratio for each category, it dynamically calculates the threshold for choosing pseudo-labels. By employing this dynamic threshold, the accuracy bias of each category is decreased and the learning of classes with less samples is improved. Experimental results show that in galaxy morphology classification tasks, compared with supervised learning, the proposed algorithm significantly improves performance. When the amount of labeled data is 100, the accuracy and F1-score are improved by 12.8% and 12.6%, respectively. Compared with popular semi-supervised algorithms such as FixMatch and MixMatch, the proposed algorithm has better classification performance, greatly reducing the accuracy bias of each category. When the amount of labeled data is 1000, the accuracy of cigar-shaped smooth galaxies with the smallest sample is improved by 37.94% compared to FixMatch.
Traceable methods for calibrating condensation particle counters at concentrations down to 1 cm−3
Authors: Sakurai Hiromu , Murashima Yoshiko , Iida Kenjiro , Wälchli Christian , Auderset Kevin , Vasilatou Konstantina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The concentration of nanometer-sized particles is frequently measured in terms of particle number concentration using well-established measuring instruments, such as condensation particle counters (CPCs). Traceability for these measurements can be achieved by means of calibration against a reference aerosol electrometer starting at concentrations >1000 cm−3. Here, two independent methods for extending traceability down to 1 cm−3 are described. The first method relies on a custom-made, reference optical particle counter while the second method combines electrometer measurements with a series of dilution steps. An inter-comparison of the two methods was carried out using polystyrene spheres with a nominal diameter of 100 nm in the concentration range 1 cm−3–100 cm−3. A CPC Model 3752 (TSI Inc, USA) was used as transfer standard. The obtained results showed a deviation of 1%–4% between the two methods, which was in agreement with the stated uncertainties.
The effects of anisotropic pressure on plasma displacement and its deviation from flux surfaces
Authors: Moen T.E. , Suzuki Y. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A significant impact of pressure anisotropy on the plasma displacement associated with ideal Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability is found. A heliotron plasma, such as a large helical device plasma, is analyzed. Simulations are performed using the equilibrium solver Anisotropic Neumann Inverse Moments Equilibrium Code and the ideal MHD stability code TERPSICHORE. Both codes provide a treatment of the pressure anisotropy by the bi-Maxwellian model. The ratio of hot particle pressure to total pressure

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has been scanned over. Other simulation parameters have been chosen such that the simulations represent an experimentally relevant condition with an external, off-axis heating scheme. The radial location of the peak of the plasma displacement of the n = 1, m = 2 mode number has been compared to the radial location of the ι = 0.5 resonant surface. This comparison shows that this difference in location increases monotonically for increasing

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. These results provide insight on the effect of external heating schemes on MHD stability.