bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of vital chemical information via visualization of graph neural networks
Authors: Wang Yimeng , Huang Mengting , Deng Hua , Li Weihua , Wu Zengrui , Tang Yun , Liu Guixia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Qualitative or quantitative prediction models of structure–activity relationships based on graph neural networks (GNNs) are prevalent in drug discovery applications and commonly have excellently predictive power. However, the network information flows of GNNs are highly complex and accompanied by poor interpretability. Unfortunately, there are relatively less studies on GNN attributions, and their developments in drug research are still at the early stages. In this work, we adopted several advanced attribution techniques for different GNN frameworks and applied them to explain multiple drug molecule property prediction tasks, enabling the identification and visualization of vital chemical information in the networks. Additionally, we evaluated them quantitatively with attribution metrics such as accuracy, sparsity, fidelity and infidelity, stability and sensitivity; discussed their applicability and limitations; and provided an open-source benchmark platform for researchers. The results showed that all attribution techniques were effective, while those directly related to the predicted labels, such as integrated gradient, preferred to have better attribution performance. These attribution techniques we have implemented could be directly used for the vast majority of chemical GNN interpretation tasks.
The gradient model of brain organization in decisions involving “empathy for pain”
Authors: Labek Karin , Sittenberger Elisa , Kienhöfer Valerie , Rabl Luna , Messina Irene , Schurz Matthias , Stingl Julia C , Viviani Roberto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Influential models of cortical organization propose a close relationship between heteromodal association areas and highly connected hubs in the default mode network. The “gradient model” of cortical organization proposes a close relationship between these areas and highly connected hubs in the default mode network, a set of cortical areas deactivated by demanding tasks. Here, we used a decision-making task and representational similarity analysis with classic “empathy for pain” stimuli to probe the relationship between high-level representations of imminent pain in others and these areas. High-level representations were colocalized with task deactivations or the transitions from activations to deactivations. These loci belonged to 2 groups: those that loaded on the high end of the principal cortical gradient and were associated by meta-analytic decoding with the default mode network, and those that appeared to accompany functional repurposing of somatosensory cortex in the presence of visual stimuli. These findings suggest that task deactivations may set out cortical areas that host high-level representations. We anticipate that an increased understanding of the cortical correlates of high-level representations may improve neurobiological models of social interactions and psychopathology.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy for Harlequin syndrome
Authors: Kirk Frazer , Crathern Kelsie , Stroebel Andrie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHarlequin syndrome is an exceedingly rare condition, characterized by unilateral facial flushing and hyperhidrosis. Postulated to be dysregulated sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the dermal vasculature and blood vessels of the face. There is no clear unifying pathological cause. Due to its heterogeneity and rarity, very little is known about the treatment of it. Hereafter, we describe our experience in successfully curing right-sided Harlequin syndrome through video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy.
GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE RISKS
Authors: Singh Abanish , Arbeev Konstantin , Yashin Anatoliy , Akushevich Igor 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
More than 6 million people in the US live with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related-dementia. There is a racial disparity in the prevalence of disease. However, its full genetic architecture and complex biological mechanisms are not yet understood. This study aimed to identify AD’s full genetic architecture. Hypothesizing that a large part of AD could be due to the complex interplay of multiple genes that may influence it directly or through comorbidity-risks, we performed a series of race-stratified GWASs on AD outcome and an array of correlated comorbidity-risks -- ADRD, depression, ischemic-stroke, cerebral-hypoperfusion, heart-failure, and cerebral-thromboembolism -- derived from Medicare records of HRS dataset’s White and Black samples. We prioritized AD GWAS signals based on their co-associations with comorbidity-risks. In White samples, we observed well-known genome-wide significant AD associations with SNPs in APOE, TOMM40 genes. In addition, we identified that 19 genic-region SNPs from the top 25 SNPs were mapped to 13 genes and that at least 5 genes were known for their association with AD or other neuropathic, neurological disorders. About one-third associations were replicated in Black samples. From the top 25 SNPs in Black samples, each of the 16 genic-region SNPs was mapped to a unique gene, which included 6 genes that were known for their association with other neurological, neuropathic, or psychiatric disorders. The genes resulted from the two races differed. These findings suggest that AD may result from a complex interplay of multiple genes, comorbidity-risks, and other brain-related disorders, which may differ for the two races.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METABOLIC HEALTH AND 5 EPIGENETIC CLOCKS IN THE BERLIN AGING STUDY II (BASE-II)
Authors: Demuth Ilja , Düzel Sandra , Vetter Valentin , Drewelies Johanna , Sommerer Yasmine , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Gerstorf Denis , Bertram Lars 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) relies on cut-off values for five cardiovascular risk factors, three of which must be met to make the diagnosis. While this approach has certain advantages in the clinical setting, it only allows a binary classification relying on cut-off values. Thus, individuals receiving the same MetS diagnosis may differ in terms of disease severity. We have recently developed a continuous measure of the metabolic load (MetL) that was calculated as a latent factor from indicators that are used to diagnose the MetS enabling a more differentiated assessment. DNA methylation age acceleration (DNAmAA) is a widely accepted biomarker of aging which can be derived from a variety of epigenetic clocks. However, it is still unclear which aspects of aging these biomarkers represent best. Aim of the current study was to evaluate whether and how the MetS and MetL relate to DNAmAA derived from five epigenetic clocks (7-CpG clock, Horvath’s clock, Hannum’s clock, PhenoAge, and GrimAge). MetS was diagnosed according to the AHA/IDF/NHLBI criteria (2009) and the latent MetL factor was extracted from a confirmatory factor analysis considering the same diagnostic parameters. DNAmAA estimated from PhenoAge and GrimAge were significantly associated with MetS (beta=0.036 and beta=0.063, both p&lt;0.05) and MetL (both beta=0.009 and p&lt;0.05) in regression analyses adjusted for age and gender including 1,100 participants from the follow-up assessments of the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II, mean age 75.6 ±3.8 years). The results will be discussed with respect to clinical relevance in the context of current literature.
BIDIRECTIONAL LINKS OF DAILY SLEEP QUALITY AND DURATION WITH PAIN AND SELF-RATED HEALTH IN OLD AGE
Authors: Lücke Anna Jori , Wrzus Cornelia , Kunzmann Ute , Gerstorf Denis , Katzorreck Martin , Hoppmann Christiane , Schilling Oliver 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sleep and physical well-being (e.g., pain, self-rated health) are closely linked, but the temporal ordering, especially regarding day-to-day variations, is not well understood. Furthermore, sleep quality and duration are only moderately correlated and may differ in their association with physical wellbeing. Using data from 123 young-old (66-69 years, 47% women) and 47 old-old adults (84-90 years, 60% women) who rated sleep quality and duration as well as pain and self-rated health on seven consecutive days, we examined bidirectional links between sleep and physical well-being. Supporting our hypotheses, results showed that after longer and better than usual sleep, participants reported better self-rated health; only better sleep quality significantly predicted lower pain. In turn, both lower pain intensity and increased self-rated health predicted better subsequent sleep quality, but not duration. We discuss conceptual and practical implications of our findings.
BUILDING COMMUNITY-BASED PARTNERSHIPS TO PROMOTE DIVERSE, INTERGENERATIONAL SERVICE-LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Garbarino Jason , Sarnevitz Janelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The next generation of healthcare providers require experiential learning opportunities which incorporate participation from historically marginalized, diverse populations. A longstanding interprofessional gerontology service-learning program with a measured ability to positively influence student perspectives working with older adults while reducing rates of social isolation among older participants, underwent recent changes in the recruitment of older adults to ensure increased participation from historically marginalized populations. Building partnerships with community-based organizations serving BIPOC, LGBTQ+, and rural older adults played an integral role in building a more diverse participant group for shared, intergenerational learning. Opportunities for student reflection via group debriefs and individual, written reflections promote a greater understanding and preparedness to work with diverse older adult populations.
FORGING AND SUPPORTING INTERGENERATIONAL CONNECTIONS: THE BREADTH OF INTERGENERATIONAL SCHOLARSHIP
Authors: Halvorsen Cal , Xu Ling , Eisenstein Amy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Research on intergenerational connections is wide ranging, highlighting the various ways that people from across the life course interact for mutual and community benefit. Intergenerational connections occur through both formal (e.g., community service programs) and informal (e.g., family interactions) means. Studies have shown that intergenerational connections can lead to an assortment of physical, social, psychological, and interpersonal health and well-being outcomes for younger and older people alike. This symposium will highlight the breadth of research on intergenerational connections, bringing together scholars who have used primary and secondary data to better measure, understand, and support them. The first presentation will report the results of a randomized controlled trial in Tarrant County, Texas that trained college students to connect with older adults experiencing cognitive impairment through reminiscence and digital storytelling. The second presentation will describe how intergenerational transfers of emotional and instrumental support relate to self-rated health among older Chinese adults living in Honolulu while considering the roles of gender and resilience. The third presentation will address an important question within intergenerational scholarship—how to measure intergenerational connections—by reporting the results of the newly developed and validated Intergenerational Contact survey among an online sample of younger and older adults. The fourth presentation will describe the pilot-year evaluation of the Gen2Gen Innovation Fellowship, a cohort model that supports and connects leaders of intergenerational initiatives throughout the U.S. To conclude, our discussant will place these diverse studies into context and note places for continued innovation in intergenerational scholarship to better inform the field.
CHARTING THE POST-COVID-19 COURSE IN NURSING HOMES THROUGH STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND ADVOCACY
Authors: Caprio Thomas , Lindberg Brian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nursing homes sustained a disproportionate number of negative effects from the COIVD-19 pandemic including strained resources, significant decline in workforce capacity, high prevalence of infections and mortality among older adults, and a need for ongoing support and timely information related to COVID-19 vaccination and boosters. The HRSA-funded Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Programs (GWEPs) have responded to the growing need to support nursing homes in the recovery phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several of these GWEPs undertook new efforts under supplemental federal funding to conduct outreach and partner with nursing home stakeholders including direct care workers, residents, families, and community-based organizations to address gaps in education and training, to promote age-friendly care, and to address social determinants of health. In this symposium GWEPS from different geographic areas share their experiences in developing nursing home focused interventions, engaging feedback to refine curricula, and identify areas to advocate for future policy considerations to support and enhance nursing homes post-pandemic.
STRATEGIES FOR SUPPORTING NURSING HOMES IN THE PANDEMIC RECOVERY AND BEYOND
Authors: Berg-Weger Marla 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Best practice strategies are needed to address current and ongoing COVID-19 challenges for nursing home (NH) staff, residents, and families, including vaccine-related issues and staff, resident, and family mental health. Saint Louis University and University of Iowa Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Programs along with Show-Me ECHO have engaged NH, community, and clinician stakeholders to identify and prioritize gaps in education/support needs, target audiences, and delivery methods. We conducted interviews with stakeholders at all levels of NH staff, community professionals, family members, and professional organizations to identify and prioritize needs. Guided by these findings and advisory groups at partner organizations, the collaborative developed outreach and curriculum strategies targeted to prioritized needs. This presentation emphasizes strategies for stakeholder engagement, identifying education/support needs, and outreach to NH workforce and care partners, and experiences and lessons learned in increasing staff vaccination rates will be shared. Implications for future policy and advocacy are highlighted.
PERSPECTIVES ON HEALTH AND AGING WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY: A QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Baehr Laura , Fisher Kathleen , Finley Margaret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Age of spinal cord injury (SCI) onset and life expectancy have increased over the last half century, but minimal inquiry on health and aging lived experience perspectives are available. The objective of this study was to begin to examine this through a qualitative descriptive design. Nine group interviews were conducted with individuals living with SCI (n=24) 22-76 with injury duration 3-47 years. Participant descriptions on health and aging were thematically analyzed. Health maintenance was related to physical routine to prevent secondary health conditions, injury acceptance, and engagement with disability networks. Aging outlook was connected to fear of dependence and lack of education on aging with SCI. These findings demonstrate that clinicians and researchers should investigate issues beyond routine self-management to support life with SCI. Personal considerations based on life stage when injured warrants investigation. Advocacy for peer-support is imperative at all life stages given its positive impact on health.
PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE, FAMILY SUPPORT, AND COGNITIVE STATUS: FROM EVIDENCE TO ACTION
Authors: Xu Hanzhang , Wu Bei , Guo Man 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests the important role of social connections and family support in maintaining optimal cognitive status among older adults. This symposium includes four studies from China and the U.S with a focus on generating actionable evidence to inform the development of strategies that target psychosocial resilience and family support to promote cognitive health. Using data from the 2006, 2010, and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, the first study assessed the impact of social isolation on cognitive function, and how sleep disturbance mediated the association on cognitive decline. The study findings suggest addressing sleep disturbance might be a viable way to mitigate the negative effect of social isolation on cognitive function. Companion piece includes another HRS-based study that assessed the impact of loneliness on psychological resilience and cognitive health in later life. Findings from this study show loneliness is indirectly associated with baseline cognitive status and accelerated cognitive decline through deteriorating phycological resources. The third study used a prospective longitudinal design and applied group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct family functions among 170 Chinese stroke survivors. Four family function trajectories were identified; healthy and stable family function was associated with better cognition and quality of life. Lastly, the fourth study aimed to use an experienced-based co-design approach to develop a cognitive training intervention to promote cognitive health in older Chinese immigrants in the U.S. This approach allows researchers to engage end-users early and to optimize the development of a culturally and linguistically relevant cognitive training intervention.
MANAGING YOUR OWN WELLNESS: A PILOT INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE DEMENTIA CARE PARTNER SELF-CARE
Authors: Ishado Emily , McKiddy Sarah , Borson Soo , Sadak Tatiana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Engagement in regular self-care activities could mitigate and reduce the risk of negative health outcomes in dementia care partners (CP), yet many report that they do not prioritize wellness-related activities for themselves. We conducted a pilot of a virtual technology-supported intervention with 19 dementia CP to evaluate usability, feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of cultivating daily self-care habits and creating a wellness routine based on personalized self-care goals. Case studies and inductive thematic analyses suggested that the intervention could help CP meet their self-care activity goals, improve their sense of well-being and capacity to provide care. After establishing the initial feasibility and usability of the intervention and the online goal-setting and tracking platform, we collaborated with scientists specializing in Human-Centered Design and Engineering to develop a prototype of a mobile application that will optimize portability, utility, and support testing of this intervention.
THE ROLE OF SUBJECTIVE AGE IN PREDICTING POST-HOSPITALIZATION OUTCOMES
Authors: Zisberg Anna , Gur-Yaish Nurit , Shadmi Efrat , Shulyaev Ksenya , Smichenko Juliana , Palgi Yuval 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Subjective age contributes to a range of health and functional outcomes in older adults. Most of the evidence comes from studies in community dwelling older adults. The current study explores whether younger subjective age serves as a protective factor against hospital associated physical, cognitive, and emotional decline. This paper is a secondary analysis of a subsample (N=250) from the HoPE-MOR (Hospitalization Process Effects on Mobility Outcomes and Recovery) study for which subjective age was assessed at the time of hospital admission and outcomes were measured one-month post-discharge. Psychological and physiological subjective age was measured as a person’s report on the degree to which they feel older or younger compared to their chronological age on a 5-point Likert-type scale. Measures of independency in Activities of Daily Living, Life-space mobility, cognitive function and depressive symptoms, were based on participants’ assessment at admission and one-month post-discharge. In a sample of acutely ill participants, age 77.5±6.6, those with younger psychological subjective age had a significantly lower odds for poorer mental (OR=0.66, 95%CI 0.45-0.97), functional (OR=0.62, 95%CI 0.43-0.90) and cognitive state (OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.36-0.98), and better life-space mobility (OR=0.67, 95%CI 0.47-0.95). Findings were significant after controlling for numerous demographic, functional, cognitive, emotional and chronic and acute health predictors. Physiological subjective age was not significantly related to post hospitalization outcomes. Psychological subjective age could serve as a relatively simple parameter to identify older adults who are at risk for poor hospitalization outcomes for consideration of inclusion in preventive in-hospital and post discharge interventions.
UNCOVERING PET OWNERSHIP BENEFITS, CHALLENGES, AND RESOURCES: A SURVEY OF PROFESSIONALS WORKING WITH OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Bibbo Jessica , Johnson Justin , Drost Jennifer , Sanders Margaret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The human-animal bond can play a vital role in the lives of older adults, including those living with dementia. This study used the stress process model to identify the benefits, challenges, and resources associated with pet ownership professionals had encountered in their work with older adults (OA), persons living with dementia (PWD), and care partners (i.e., caregivers, CP). An interdisciplinary (e.g., social services, healthcare) sample (N=360, 89.97% female, Mage=53.22, SDage=11.84) completed an on-line survey addressing pet ownership issues encountered in their work. A conventional content analysis was conducted to analyze the open-ended items asking the benefits and challenges they had encountered, as well as whether and if they had seen pets shape the relationships between OA/PWD and CPs. The final open-ended item asked for any other experiences or thoughts they would like to share on the issue of pet ownership in older adulthood. Preliminary analyses indicated the central benefits of pet ownership for OA and PWD was companionship. Common challenges were providing basic pet care (e.g., feeding, managing waste) and the financial aspect of ownership. Results indicated that family/caregiver assistance was necessary to keep a pet in an OA/PWD’s home and pets could be a source of caregiver burden. Pets provided OA a sense of purpose. Caring for the pet and the bond shared with the pet were also important resources for OA. Pets provided a focus of attention and were a source of engagement for PWD. Pets were a resource for the professionals to build rapport with their clients.