bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEX‐Induced SREBF1 Promotes BMSCs Differentiation into Adipocytes to Attract and Protect Residual T‐Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells After Chemotherapy
Authors: Jia Ruinan , Sun Tao , Zhao Xin , Li Guosheng , Xia Yuan , Zhou Ying , Li Wěi , Li Wei , Ma Daoxin , Ye Jingjing , Ji Min , Ji Chunyan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractT‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is an aggressive malignant blood disorder with a high rate of relapse. Patients relapse as a result of minimal residual disease (MRD), which originates from residual T‐ALL cells in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). In the present study, it is observed that adipocytes increase dramatically in the BMM of T‐ALL patients after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. Then, it is proved that adipocytes attract T‐ALL cells by releasing CXCL13 and support leukemia cell survival by activating the Notch1 signaling pathway via DLL1 and Notch1 binding. Furthermore, it is verified that dexamethasone (DEX) induces adipogenic differentiation by enhancing the expression of SREBF1 in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs), and an SREBF1 inhibitor significantly decreases the adipogenic potential of BMSCs and the subsequent ability of adipocytes to support T‐ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings confirm that the differentiation of BMSCs to adipocytes induced by DEX contributes to MRD in T‐ALL and provides an auxiliary clinical treatment to reduce the recurrence rate.
Wnt3a‐Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Promote Alveolar Epithelial Regeneration after Lung Injury
Authors: Gao Lei , Sun Yongping , Zhang Xinye , Ma Ding , Xie An , Wang Enyu , Cheng Linzhao , Liu Senquan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCompromised regeneration resulting from the deactivation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling contributes to the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with limited therapeutic options. Extracellular cytokine‐induced Wnt‐based signaling provides an alternative option for COPD treatment. However, the hydrophobic nature of Wnt proteins limits their purification and use. This study devises a strategy to deliver the membrane‐bound wingless‐type MMTV integration site family, member 3A (Wnt3a) over a long distance by anchoring it to the surface of extracellular vesicles (EVs). The newly engineered Wnt3aWG EVs are generated by co‐expressing Wnt3a with two genes encoding the membrane protein, WLS, and an engineered glypican, GPC6ΔGPI‐C1C2. The bioactivity of Wnt3aWG EVs is validated using a TOPFlash assay and a mesoderm differentiation model of human pluripotent stem cells. Wnt3aWG EVs activate Wnt signaling and promote cell growth following human alveolar epithelial cell injury. In an elastase‐induced emphysema model, impaired pulmonary function and enlarged airspace are greatly restored by the intravenous delivery of Wnt3aWG EVs. Single‐cell RNA sequencing–based analyses further highlight that Wnt3aWG EV‐activated regenerative programs are responsible for its beneficial effects. These findings suggest that EV‐based Wnt3a delivery represents a novel therapeutic strategy for lung repair and regeneration after injury.
A Chest‐Conformable, Wireless Electro‐Mechanical E‐Tattoo for Measuring Multiple Cardiac Time Intervals
Authors: Bhattacharya Sarnab , Nikbakht Mohammad , Alden Alec , Tan Philip , Wang Jieting , Alhalimi Taha A. , Kim Sangjun , Wang Pulin , Tanaka Hirofumi , Tandon Animesh , Coyle Edward F. , Inan Omer T. , Lu Nanshu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Noninvasive, accurate, and continuous cardiovascular monitoring can enable the preemptive detection of heart diseases and timely intervention to prevent serious cardiac complications. However, unobtrusive, ambulatory, and comprehensive cardiac monitoring is still a challenge as conventional electronics are rigid, heavy, or consume too much power for long‐term measurement. This work presents a thin (200 µm), stretchable (20%), lightweight (2.5 g), wireless, and low‐power (<3 mW) cardiac monitoring device that conforms to the human chest like a temporary tattoo sticker, correspondingly known as an e‐tattoo. This chest e‐tattoo features dual‐mode electro‐mechanical sensing—bio‐electric cardiac signals via electrocardiography and mechanical cardiac rhythm via seismocardiography. A unique peripheral synchronization strategy between the two sensors enables the measurement of systolic time intervals like the pre‐ejection period and the left ventricular ejection time with high accuracy (error = −0.44 ± 8.74 ms) while consuming very low power. The e‐tattoo is validated against clinically approved gold‐standard instruments on five human subjects. The good wearability and low power consumption of this e‐tattoo permit 24‐h continuous ambulatory monitoring.
Shallow water habitat management influences soil CO2 efflux from agricultural fields in the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB), USA
Authors: Chatterjee Amitava , Taylor Jason , Moore Matt , Locke Martin , Hoeksema Jason 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTemporary winter flooding is a common practice for enhancing wildlife habitat in the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB) and other migratory waterfowl flyways in North America. This practice also facilitates nutrient retention and reuse of rainwater‐ or drainage‐water. This study examines the consequence of five different water management approaches on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux and corn (Zea mays L.) residue decomposition, from October 11, 2021, through January 31, 2022. Management treatments included (i) control (CT) or no flooding; (ii) passive (P) rainfall capture; (iii) fall (F) pumping of leftover irrigation water; (iv) winter (W) flooding with leftover irrigation water; and (v) fall–winter (FW) flooding. The fall–winter flood field (FW) had reduced daily soil CO2 efflux for 4 out of 12 observations and increased soil pH and residue decomposition compared to the control field. The winter flood field (W) had reduced CO2 efflux on December 8 and January 21, and FW had lower efflux on December 8, December 14, December 21, and January 13, than the control field (CT). Soil temperature was positively associated with soil CO2 efflux in all fields except control. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that flood‐timing and ‐duration had strong connections with soil carbon dynamics in LMRB row croplands during fallow periods.
Hybrid manufacturing of mixed‐material bilayer parts via injection molding and material extrusion three‐dimensional printing
Authors: Gong Ke , Xu Han , Liu Handai , Cao Zhi , Fuenmayor Evert , Major Ian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a hybrid manufacturing method combining the advantages of injection molding (IM) in terms of manufacturing efficiency and high precision with those of three‐dimensional printing (3DP) in terms of minimum waste and a high degree of freedom is described to produce mixed‐material bilayer tensile specimens. 3DP was first utilized to fabricate polylactic acid substrates with four varied geometries and two infill densities and an overmolding technique was employed to finish the manufacture using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene under two IM pressure. analysis of variance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the tensile properties and microstructures of the samples. The results showed that a greater tensile performance could be found in those specimens with greater infill density. Lower‐pressure overmolded specimens performed better than those with higher IM pressure. In addition, female joints outperformed male joints in the tensile performances of finished specimens. This study optimized the parameters for this hybrid manufacturing process for building mixed‐material parts and has potential applications in manufacturing, particularly manufacturing as a service.
Crosslinking ofXNBRlatex with multifunctional epoxides: An energy‐efficient curing strategy for the fabrication of accelerator‐free rubber gloves
Authors: Grabmayer Theresa , Manhart Jakob , Kaiser Simon , Schaller Raimund , Holzner Armin , Schlögl Sandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, we pursue an efficient curing strategy using multifunctional epoxides, which undergo a nucleophilic ring opening reaction across the free COOH groups of a carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR). Following a prevulcanization protocol, we cure the rubber in the latex phase at 60°C. Thin films are then prepared by using a conventional coagulant dipping process, in which the final cure degree of the elastomer is reached during drying (postvulcanization). In a comprehensive approach, cure kinetics, tensile properties, and crosslink density of the thin elastomer films are studied as a function of the functionality and concentration of the applied crosslinker. The results clearly show that films with high tensile strength (39 MPa) are obtained without prevulcanization. Stability tests reveal that the shelf life of the latex formulations is limited to less than 1 day due to hydrolysis reactions of the epoxy groups of the water‐soluble crosslinker. However, the storage stability can be extended to several days if nonwater‐soluble epoxy crosslinkers are applied. The decent shelf life together with the fast cure rates and excellent mechanical properties make epoxy crosslinking a promising curing strategy for preparing dipped rubber gloves without hyperallergenic accelerators used in classical sulfur vulcanization.
Observer‐based robust optimal control for helicopter with uncertainties and disturbances
Authors: Qiu Yuqing , Li Yan , Liu Yuxian , Wang Zhong , Liu Kai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUnknown model uncertainties and external disturbances widely exist in helicopter dynamics and bring adverse effects on control performance. Optimal control techniques have been extensively studied for helicopters, but these methods cannot effectively handle flight control problems since they are sensitive to uncertainties and disturbances. This paper proposes an observer‐based robust optimal control scheme that enables a helicopter to fly optimally and reduce the influence of unknown model uncertainties and external disturbances. A control Lyapunov function (CLF) is firstly constructed using the backstepping method, then Sontag's formula is utilized to design an inverse optimal controller to stabilize the nominal system. Furthermore, it is stressed that the radial basis function (RBF) neural network is introduced to establish an observer with adaptive laws, approximating and compensating for the unknown model uncertainties and external disturbances to enhance the robustness of the closed‐loop system. The uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed‐loop system is ensured using the presented control approach via Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
The importance of uranium isotope composition for gross alpha activity regulation
Authors: Scott Sean R. , Wiersma Amy K. , Krinke Gary 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUranium is a regulated contaminant (maximum contaminant level [MCL] 30 μg/L) that contributes to the gross alpha activity of groundwater. The adjusted gross alpha activity (MCL 15 pCi/L) is determined by subtracting the total uranium activity from the measured gross alpha activity. U.S. water utilities can use mass‐based and radiochemical analysis methods for compliance monitoring of uranium. Mass‐based measurements use a conversion factor of 0.67 pCi/μg of uranium to calculate the adjusted gross alpha activity. This conversion factor assumes that the activity of 234U equals 238U. Here, we present two decades of uranium isotope data measured by alpha spectrometry that shows 234U activity typically exceeds 238U. Using mass‐based measurements, the total uranium activity is biased low causing artificial exceedances of the adjusted gross alpha activity. Therefore, water utilities with gross alpha activities >15 pCi/L should utilize radiochemical analyses for uranium for the most accurate calculation of adjusted gross alpha activity.
Modulation of the catalytic performance of OYE3 by engineering key residues at the entrance of the catalytic pocket
Authors: Wu Shijin , Wang Qiang , Ma Xiaojing , Qiu Lequan , Yan Hongde 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe amino acid residues at the entrance of the catalytic pocket may impose steric hindrance on the substrate to enter the active center of the enzyme. Based on the analysis of the three‐dimensional structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae old yellow enzyme 3 (OYE3), four bulky residues were chosen and mutated to small amino acids. The results showed that mutation of the W116 residue had interesting impacts on the catalytic performance. All four variants became inactive for the reduction of (R)‐carvone and (S)‐carvone, but inverted the stereoselectivity for the reduction of (E/Z)‐citral. The mutation of the F250 residue had a more positive effect on the activity and stereoselectivity. Two variants, F250A and F250S, showed excellent diastereoselectivity and activity for the reduction of (R)‐carvone (de > 99%, c > 99%) and increased diastereoselectivity and activity for the reduction of (S)‐carvone (de > 96%, c > 80%). One variant of the P295 residue, P295G, displayed excellent diastereoselectivity and activity only for the reduction of (R)‐carvone (de > 99%, c > 99%). Mutation of the Y375 residue had a negative impact on the activity of the enzyme. These findings provide some solutions for rational enzyme engineering of OYE3.
Quantitative Cell Classification Based on Calibrated Impedance Spectroscopy and Metrological Uncertainty
Authors: Moradpour Amin , Kasper Manuel , Kienberger Ferry 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover picture is the group of researchers at Keysight Technologies Labs Austria. The front cover shows the error sources with different distribution functions affecting the battery impedance measurements. The uncertainties due to these errors are propagated in a metrology framework resulting in the confidence level of the impedance‐based cell classification. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/batt.202200524
Promotional role of tungstate in the integrated synthesis of C2 and C3 alcohols and understanding the bond functionality for a series of cascade reactions
Authors: Niaze Ambereen A. , Bhardwaj Aakash , Sunkara Mahendra K. , Upadhyayula Sreedevi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, TiO2 nanowires (TNWs) were synthesized using a plasma‐assisted method, and then Pt clusters were impregnated onto these TNWs. The nanowires supported Pt when combined with various tungsten‐based co‐catalysts, which improved the catalytic performance. The direct conversion of cellulose to C2‐C3 alcohols using tungsten‐based co‐catalysts was enhanced, even at low temperatures. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman analysis showed oxygen vacancy (Ov) enrichment on the surface of Pt/TiO2 in the presence of tungsten co‐catalysts, which improved their catalytic activity. The role of metallic platinum (Pto) was also investigated and was found to have a linear relationship with their activity as follows: H2WO4 > (NH4)6H2W12O40 · xH2O > H3PW12O40. Maximum yields of 32.33% and 51.52% of ethanol and propane‐2‐ol at optimum temperatures of 220 and 250 °C, respectively, were obtained with H2WO4. A catalytic reaction performed using tandem catalytic system gave a high ethanol yield of 25.56%, which is low in comparison with an integrated catalytic system. Cellulose conversion was also quantified here by probe electrospray ionization (pESI) coupled with Fourier transform mass spectroscopy (FTMS), which was never reported earlier for these reactions. This method provides evidence of negligible fragmentation of high molecular‐weight compounds, and the maximum cellulose conversion reported here is 100%. A reaction pathway is proposed, based on the experimental results, which elaborates the activation and cleavage of specific C‐C and C‐O bonds. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Optimized conditions for the design and operation of a vacuum distillation column for the purification of crude glycerol from biodiesel production
Authors: Braga Eduardo R. , Neto Guilherme J. M. , Braga Rafael R. , Pontes Luiz A. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the growth in global demand for biodiesel, there is a tendency for the volume of its main by‐product, glycerol, available on the market to increase. This has led to a search for new uses for this by‐product and the development of new processes that use glycerol as a raw material because it has wide industrial applications. However, to be used in many of these processes, the glycerol must go through a purification stage before reaching the purity required for the application (which can reach 99.7% w/w). Taking this into account, the optimization of the parameters for the main glycerol purification stage (vacuum distillation) is essential to reduce the cost of this stage as much as possible. In this article, optimization of the vacuum distillation column was carried out using an artificial neural network (ANN) and a genetic algorithm (GA) together. With the optimization, it was found that four theoretical stages of equilibrium (separation) is the optimal value, in economics terms, for the distillation column on an industrial scale, leading to better performance (in terms of glycerol purity) than patents that used a smaller number of theoretical stages and an equal performance in relation to the patents that used a greater number of stages, which in this case reduces the cost with the size of the column. This result helps to increase the financially viability of using glycerol as a raw material, which can make several processes cheaper, thus generating greater added value to this sustainable by‐product. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Ketamine‐induced uropathy: A narrative systemic review of surgical outcomes of reconstructive surgery
Authors: Vizgan Gabriel , Huamán Michael , Rychik Kevin , Edeson Max , Blaivas Jerry G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsRefractory ketamine‐induced uropathy (KU) (RKU) has devastating effects on the lower urinary tract leading to ureteral obstruction and even renal failure. The only effective treatment for RKU is major surgical reconstruction or urinary diversion. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of awareness about this destructive condition; the aim of this study is to conduct a narrative systemic review of all surgical outcomes of RKU.MethodsThis is an English language literature review of surgical outcomes in KU patients who underwent reconstructive lower urinary tract surgery or urinary diversion through 5 August 2022. Two independent researchers assessed the relevance of each paper and disputes were settled by a third party. In‐vitro, animal studies, letters to the editor and papers that did not evaluate surgical outcomes were excluded.ResultsOf the 50 763 identified articles, 622 were relevant based on title, 150 based on abstract, but only 23 papers were relevant by content. In all, 875 patients were documented as having KU, of whom 193 (22%) underwent reconstructive surgery. The data were disconcerting, as the apparent rapid progression from the beginning of KU to end‐stage bladder was only a 1‐year difference of ketamine abuse between those patients who required surgery (4.4 years) and those that did not (3.4 years).ConclusionsThe data suggest that the time interval from the beginning of ketamine‐induced uropathy to the end‐stage bladder may be measured in months, confounding decision making. There is a dearth of literature about KU, and more research is needed to better understand this pathology.
Einfluss der Anordnung der Durchstanz‐ und Verbundbewehrung aus L‐Blechen auf die Tragfähigkeit
Authors: Günther Gerd , Cramer Jörg , Heller Kevin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDas CLIXS Durchstanz‐ und Verbundbewehrungssystem besteht aus L‐förmigen Stahlblechen mit einem oder zwei eingehängten Bügeln aus Betonstahl. Mit diesem System ist eine Tragfähigkeitssteigerung um mehr als das Zweifache der Tragfähigkeit ohne Durchstanzbewehrung möglich. Die im Aufsatz beschriebenen experimentellen Untersuchungen wurden an quadratischen Deckenausschnitten mit einer Länge von 2,8 m und einer Dicke von 18 und 25 cm vorgenommen. Die Tragfähigkeit in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der gleichmäßig verteilten L‐Bleche wurde anhand von 17 Experimenten ermittelt. Hierfür wurden verschiedene Körper mit L‐Blechen jeweils in den ersten drei Rundschnitten geprüft. Außerdem wurden zehn Körper mit unterschiedlich großen Bereichen ohne L‐Bleche als Durchstanzbewehrung getestet. Die Bereiche ohne L‐Bleche lagen zwischen 25 % und 75 % der Fläche innerhalb der ersten drei Rundschnitte. Die Verwendung von Bügeln mit einem Durchmesser von 8 mm anstatt 6 mm wurde anhand von zwei Versuchskörpern untersucht.
Proposed mechanism for the selection of lactase persistence in childhood
Authors: Fabre Alexandre , Fabre Anne , Bon Céline , Guerry Paul , Segurel Laure 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLactase persistence/persistent (LP), the ability to express the lactase enzyme in adults, is one of the most strongly selected phenotypes in humans. It is encoded by at least five genetic variants that have rapidly become widespread in various human populations. The underlying selective mechanism is not clear however, because dairy products in general are well tolerated in adults, even by lactase non‐persistence/persistent (LNP) individuals. Cultural adaptations to milk consumption, notably fermentation and transformation, which can provide most of the energy (protein, fat) to both LP and LNP individuals without any associated cost seem to have been common in ancient societies. Here, we propose that selection for LP occurred through increased glucose/galactose (energy) from fresh milk intake in early childhood, a crucial period for growth. At the age of weaning indeed, lactase activity has already begun to decline in LNP individuals so the gain in energy from fresh milk by LP children represents a major fitness increase.
pH‐sustaining nanostructured hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel for gastric protection and intestinal release of Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Hlaing Shwe Phyu , Lee Juho , Kwak Dongmin , Kim Hyunwoo , Saparbayeva Aruzhan , Yoon In‐Soo , Im Eunok , Jung Yunjin , Yoo Jin‐Wook 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiome is closely linked to gastrointestinal health and disease status. Oral administration of known probiotic strains is now considered a promising therapeutic strategy, especially for refractory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we developed a nanostructured hydroxyapatite/alginate (HAp/Alg) composite hydrogel that protects its encapsulated probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) by neutralizing hydrogen ions that penetrate the hydrogel in a stomach without inhibiting LGG release in an intestine. Surface and transection analyses of the hydrogel revealed characteristic patterns of crystallization and composite‐layer formation. TEM revealed the dispersal of the nanosized HAp crystals and encapsulated LGG in the Alg hydrogel networks. The HAp/Alg composite hydrogel maintained its internal microenvironmental pH, thereby enabling the LGG to survive for substantially longer. At intestinal pH, the encapsulated LGG was completely released upon disintegration of the composite hydrogel. In a dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mouse model, we then assessed the therapeutic effect of the LGG‐encapsulating hydrogel. This achieved intestinal delivery of LGG with minimal loss of enzymatic function and viability, ameliorating colitis by reducing epithelial damage, submucosal edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the number of goblet cells. These findings reveal the HAp/Alg composite hydrogel as a promising intestinal‐delivery platform for live microorganisms including probiotics and live biotherapeutic products.