bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pan-Atlantic decadal climate oscillation linked to ocean circulation
Authors: Nnamchi Hyacinth C. , Farneti Riccardo , Keenlyside Noel S. , Kucharski Fred , Latif Mojib , Reintges Annika , Martin Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAtlantic climate displays an oscillatory mode at a period of 10–15 years described as pan-Atlantic decadal oscillation. Prevailing theories on the mode are based on thermodynamic air-sea interactions and the role of ocean circulation remains uncertain. Here we uncover ocean circulation variability associated with the pan-Atlantic decadal oscillation using observational datasets from 1900–2009. Specifically, a sea level-derived index of ocean circulation also exhibits 10-15 year periodicity and leads the surface climate oscillation. The underlying ocean circulation links the extratropical and tropical Atlantic, where the maximum variance in surface-ocean temperature feeds back on the North Atlantic Oscillation (the leading mode of atmospheric variability over the North Atlantic region). Our findings imply that, rather than a passive role postulated by the thermodynamic paradigm, ocean circulation across the Atlantic plays an active role for the pan-Atlantic decadal climate oscillation.
Association Between Hearing Handicap and Life-Space Mobility in a Patient Population
Authors: Oliva Allison , West Jessica S. , Smith Sherri L. , Huang Ryan J. , Riska Kristal M. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between self-reported hearing handicap and life-space mobility utilizing the Life-Space Questionnaire (LSQ). Life-space mobility reflects how an individual moves through their daily physical and social environment, and the role of hearing loss in life-space mobility is not fully understood. We hypothesized that those with higher self-reported hearing handicap would be more likely to demonstrate restricted life-space mobility.

Method:

A total of 189 older adults (
M
age
= 75.76 years,
SD
= 5.81) completed a mail-in survey packet including the LSQ and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE). Participants were categorized into one of three groups (“no/none,” “mild/moderate,” or “severe” hearing handicap) according to HHIE total score. LSQ responses were dichotomized to either “nonrestricted/typical” or “restricted” life-space mobility groups. Logistic regression models were performed to analyze life-space mobility differences among the groups.

Results:
Logistic regression results demonstrated no statistically significant association between hearing handicap and LSQ.

Conclusions:
The results of this study indicate that there is no association between self-reported hearing handicap and life-space mobility as evaluated using a mail-in version of the LSQ. This counters other studies that have demonstrated that life space is associated with chronic illness, cognitive functioning, and social and health integration.
Student Perceptions of Learning Clinical Masking in Audiology: An Exploratory Survey Study
Authors: Skinner Kimberly , Billingsly Danica , Conley Quincy 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The audiology literature is rich with work in the area of clinical masking, yet there is a perception that learning how to mask is difficult. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of audiology doctoral students and recent graduates in learning clinical masking.

Method:
This exploratory study used a cross-sectional survey design, sampling doctor of audiology (AuD) students and recent graduates to probe the perceived effort required and challenges experienced in learning clinical masking. A total of 424 survey responses were included in the analysis.

Results:
A large majority of respondents rated learning clinical masking as being challenging and effortful. Responses suggested that it took more than 6 months for confidence to develop. Qualitative analysis of the open-ended question uncovered four themes: “negative experience in the classroom”; “lack of consensus or variation in teaching”; “focus on content/rules”; and “positives, internal and external.”

Conclusions:
Survey responses shed light on the perception that clinical masking is difficult to learn and highlight teaching and learning strategies that affect the development of this skill. Students reported a negative experience when significant emphasis was placed on formulas and theories and when encountering multiple masking methods in the clinic. On the other hand, students found clinic, simulations, lab-based classes, and some classroom instruction beneficial to learning. Students reported that their learning process included use of cheat sheets, practicing independently, and conceptualizing the process of masking to support their learning.
Effects of Gradual and Sudden Introduction of Perturbations on Adaptive Responses to Formant-Shift and Formant-Clamp Perturbations
Authors: Chao Sara-Ching , Daliri Ayoub 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
When the speech motor system encounters errors, it generates adaptive responses to compensate for the errors. Unlike errors induced by formant-shift perturbations, errors induced by formant-clamp perturbations do not correspond with the speaker's speech (i.e., degraded motor-to-auditory correspondence). We previously showed that adaptive responses to formant-clamp perturbations are smaller than responses to formant-shift perturbations when perturbations are introduced gradually. This study examined responses to formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations when perturbations are introduced suddenly.

Method:

One group of participants (
n
= 30) experienced gradually introduced formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations, and another group (
n
= 30) experienced suddenly introduced formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations. We designed the perturbations based on participant-specific vowel configurations such that a participant's first and second formants of /ɛ/ were perturbed toward their /æ/. To estimate adaptive responses, we measured formant changes (0–100 ms of the vowel) in response to the formant perturbations.

Results:
We found that (a) the difference between responses to formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations was smaller when the perturbations were introduced suddenly and (b) responses to suddenly introduced (but not gradually introduced) formant-shift perturbations positively correlated with responses to formant-clamp perturbations.

Conclusions:
These results showed that the speech motor system responds to errors induced by formant-shift and formant-clamp perturbations more differently when perturbations are introduced gradually than suddenly. Overall, the quality of errors (formant-shift vs. formant-clamp) and the manner of introducing errors (gradually vs. suddenly) modulate the speech motor system's evaluations of and responses to errors.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22406422
Where Do You Anchor Your Beliefs? An Invitation to Interrogate Dominant Ideologies of Language and Languaging in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Brea-Spahn María Rosa , Bauler Clara Vaz 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:Ideologies are like rocks onto which individuals and institutions anchor their thoughts about what it means to be an “ideal language user” and what “standardized languaging” is. These deeply ingrained beliefs, influenced by colonial legacies and sociopolitical contexts, invisibly enforce a hierarchical order between people and their access to rights and privilege within societies. They inferiorize, marginalize, racialize, and nullify students and their families. The purposes of this tutorial are to reflect upon common dominant ideologies about language and languaging that are present in definitions, practices, and materials used in school-based settings by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and to offer an invitation to interrupt the practices that are birthed from upholding these beliefs and are dehumanizing to children and families living at the intersections of marginalization. To illustrate how these beliefs about language are enacted in the field of speech-language pathology, a selection of materials and approaches are presented and related to their ideological roots while implementing a critical stance.Conclusions:Ideologies uphold idealized versions of “normality” and constructions of “deviance.” Left unexamined, these beliefs remain encoded in traditionally considered scientific categories, policies, approaches, and materials. Critical reflexivity and action are key in the process of up-anchoring and shifting perspectives for ourselves and our institutions. The hope is that, through this tutorial, SLPs can increase their critical consciousness while envisioning how to interrupt oppressive dominant ideologies and, therefore, conceive of a future path that advocates for liberated languaging.
Embracing Disability Culture in Schools
Authors: Saia Toni 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
This viewpoint will expose readers to disability as a social construct shaped by power and oppression, not an individual medical issue defined by diagnosis. As professionals, we are doing a disservice if we continue to silo the disability experience to the limits of service delivery. We must intentionally seek ways to challenge how we think, view, and respond to disability to ensure that our approach is consistent with the current needs of the disability community.

Conclusions:
Specific practices related to accessibility and universal design will be highlighted. Strategies to embrace disability culture will be discussed as it is vital to bridge the gap between school and community.
Reason-Based Recommendations From a Developmental Systems Approach for Students With Needs Across Functional Domains
Authors: McCarty Tara V. , Miller Carol A. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
This tutorial aims to introduce school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to developmental systems theory as a framework for considering interactions across functional domains, such as language, vision, and motor, for students with complex needs.

Method:
This tutorial summarizes the current literature on developmental systems theory in its application to working with students who have needs in multiple domains of functioning in addition to communication. A hypothetical case of a student, James, with cerebral palsy, cortical visual impairment, and complex communication needs, is presented to illustrate the primary tenets of the theory.

Results:
Specific reason-based recommendations are presented that SLPs can put to practice with their own caseload in direct response to the three tenets of developmental systems theory.

Conclusions:
A developmental systems approach will be useful in expanding SLP knowledge of where to begin and how to best serve children with language, motor, vision, and other concomitant needs. The tenets, including sampling, context dependency, and interdependency, and the application of developmental systems theory can be instrumental in providing a way forward for SLPs struggling with the assessment and intervention of students with complex needs.
Domain adaptive crowd counting via dynamic scale aggregation network
Authors: Huo Zhanqiang , Wang Yanan , Qiao Yingxu , Wang Jing , Luo Fen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCrowd counting is an important research topic in computer vision. Its goal is to estimate the people's number in an image. Researchers have dramatically improved counting accuracy in recent years by regressing density maps. However, because of the inherent domain shift, the model trained on an expensive manually labelled dataset (source domain) does not perform well on a dataset with scarce labels (target domain). For this issue, a novel dynamic scale aggregation network (DSANet) is proposed to reduce the gaps in style and cross‐domain head scale variations. Specifically, a practical style transfer layer is introduced to reduce the appearance discrepancy between the source and target domains. Then, the translated source and target domain samples are encoded by a generator consisting of the VGG16 network and the dynamic scale aggregation modules (DSA Modules) and produce corresponding density maps. The DSA module can adaptively adjust parameters according to the input features and effectively fuse multi‐scale information to overcome the cross‐domain head scale variations. Next, a discriminator judges the input density map from the source or target domain. Last, domain distributions are aligned through adversarial between the generator and the discriminator. The experiments show that our network outperforms the current state‐of‐the‐art methods and can improve the target domain's performance while maintaining the source domain's performance without significant degradation.
Optimal wideband sequential sensing in cognitive radios via deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Wu Keyu , Qian Jing , Liu Shixuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn cognitive radios, wideband sequential sensing plays an important role, which is able to quickly identify temporary available transmission opportunities by adaptively allocating sensing resources. This paper proposes a Markov decision process for modelling the optimal control of sequential sensing, which provides a general formulation capturing various practical features, including sampling cost, sensing requirement, sensing budget etc. For solving the optimal sensing policy, a model‐augmented deep reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed, which enjoys high learning stability and efficiency, compared to conventional reinforcement learning algorithms.
Optimal capacity of solar photovoltaic and battery storage for grid‐tied houses based on energy sharing
Authors: Khanal Siraj , Khezri Rahmat , Mahmoudi Amin , Kahourzadeh Solmaz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper determines the optimal capacity of solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) for a grid‐connected house based on an energy‐sharing mechanism. The grid‐connected house, also mentioned as house 1 where it is relevant, shares electricity with house 2 under a mutually agreed fixed energy price. The objective is to minimize the cost of electricity (COE) for house 1 while decreasing the electricity cost of house 2. Practical factors such as real data for solar insolation, electricity consumption, grid constraint, ambient temperature, electricity rate, and battery degradation are considered based on actual data. The developed methodology is examined by taking the actual load data of two houses in South Australia. Different scenarios of contract years between the houses are investigated to make it more practical in real life. Sensitivity analyses are conducted for the sharing of energy between the houses and by changing parameters like export power limitation, load of houses, and costs of PV and BES. Likewise, operational analysis is done for two days of summer and winter. It is found that when energy sharing is applied, the optimal design of the PV‐BES system will achieve lower COE for both houses.
Toward cross‐domain object detection in artwork images using improved YoloV5 and XGBoosting
Authors: Ahmad Tasweer , Schich Maximilian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObject recognition in natural images has achieved great success, while recognizing objects in style‐images, such as artworks and watercolor images, has not yet achieved great progress. Here, this problem is addressed using cross‐domain object detection in style‐images, clipart, watercolor, and comic images. In particular, a cross‐domain object detection model is proposed using YoloV5 and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoosting). As detecting difficult instances in cross domain images is a challenging task, XGBoosting is incorporated in this workflow to enhance learning of the proposed model for application on hard‐to‐detect samples. Several ablation studies are carried out by training and evaluating this model on the StyleObject7K, ClipArt1K, Watercolor2K, and Comic2K datasets. It is empirically established that this proposed model works better than other methods for the above‐mentioned datasets.
Research on identification and classification of grassland forage based on deep learning and attention mechanisms
Authors: Liu Yilei , Liu Jiangping , Zhao Xuanhe , Pan Xin , Yan Weihong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGrassland is an important resource for China's economic development and the main economic source of animal husbandry. The identification and classification of grassland forage is an important part of the improvement of forage varieties and the monitoring of germplasm resources, which can fundamentally solve the problems of poor forage quality and low reproduction rate. For the problem of low accuracy of forage identification and classification, the authors put forward a new 3DSECNN model to remove the preprocessing operation and directly study the images. The authors took forage hyperspectral image (HSI) images on the field and built dataset, used 3DSECNN to train the images to improve the classification effect. The outstanding contributions of this paper are: (1) The authors took high‐precision forage HSI images in the field, established a dedicated database of forage HSIs, and expanded the datasets; (2) the process of integrating preprocessing ideas into the network and replacing the traditional method of preprocessing the data and then extracting features; (3) proposing the 3DSECNN model, which adds SENet on the basis of the traditional 3DCNN, strengthens the correlation of the spatial dimension, selects the key features for the classification by calculating the channel weight, inhibits the unimportant information, and achieves the purpose of integrating the preprocessing ideas into the network. The experimental results show the overall accuracy (OA) of 3DSECNN is 94.36%, Precision, Recall, F1‐score, Kappa, and Time also showed good levels. The experimental results prove that the 3DSECNN strengthens the correlation between image channels, enhances the performance ability of features, and provides a new method for the identification and classification research of forage.
ASMADO‐based refined anti‐disturbance low‐speed control of PMSM
Authors: Wang Huifan , Tong Junze , Wang Zhongshi , Tian Dapeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPermanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have expectant low‐speed servo performance. However, complex nonlinear disturbances restrict the performance and lead to speed fluctuations, especially for small inertia PMSMs where the current‐loop cannot be used in special operating conditions. This paper divides complex disturbances into periodic determinable disturbances and other indeterminate disturbances according to their characteristics. A refined anti‐disturbance control (RADC) method is proposed to enable the inner loop to compensate for disturbances in targeted manners. Then ideal low‐speed servo can be achieved using a simple outer loop controller. The proposed RADC consists of two parts. One is a backpropagation neural network based periodic disturbances compensator that is trained using the data from an iterative learning controller. The other is an adaptive sliding‐mode‐assisted disturbance observer that rapidly observes and compensates the residual disturbances. The convergence of the overall algorithm is analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposal is also verified by experiments.
MOA-2022-BLG-249Lb: Nearby microlensing super-Earth planet detected from high-cadence surveys
Authors: Han Cheongho , Gould Andrew , Jung Youn Kil , Bond Ian A. , Zang Weicheng , Chung Sun-Ju , Albrow Michael D. , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yang Hongjing , Yee Jennifer C. , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Doeon , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Mao Shude , Zhu Wei , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Ishitani Silva Stela , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Matsumoto Sho , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Okamura Arisa , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Toda Taiga , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke 
Published: April 2023

Aims. We investigate the data collected by the high-cadence microlensing surveys during the 2022 season in search of planetary signals appearing in the light curves of microlensing events. From this search, we find that the lensing event MOA-2022-BLG-249 exhibits a brief positive anomaly that lasted for about one day, with a maximum deviation of ~0.2 mag from a single-source, single-lens model.
Methods. We analyzed the light curve under the two interpretations of the anomaly: one originated by a low-mass companion to the lens (planetary model) and the other originated by a faint companion to the source (binary-source model).
Results. We find that the anomaly is better explained by the planetary model than the binary-source model. We identified two solutions rooted in the inner-outer degeneracy and for both of them, the estimated planet-to-host mass ratio, q ~ 8 × 10−5, is very small. With the constraints provided by the microlens parallax and the lower limit on the Einstein radius, as well as the blend-flux constraint, we find that the lens is a planetary system, in which a super-Earth planet, with a mass of (4.83 ± 1.44) Μ⊕, orbits a low-mass host star, with a mass of (0.18 ± 0.05) M⊙, lying in the Galactic disk at a distance of (2.00 ± 0.42) kpc. The planet detection demonstrates the elevated microlensing sensitivity of the current high-cadence lensing surveys to low-mass planets.
Integrative Medizin in der Klinik
Authors: Klose Petra , Werner Marc 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Landschaft der Medizin hat sich langsam weiterentwickelt hin zu mehr Ganzheitlichkeit und Individualität. Teil dieses Fortschritts waren die Verbindung und Integration des konventionellen, biomedizinischen mit dem komplementär-naturheilkundlichen Gesundheitskonzept, das interdisziplinär und multimodal Synergien anstrebt, die dem Patienten Linderung und/oder Heilung bringen. Im Folgenden wird zunächst die Integrative Medizin definiert, danach die Vorgehens- und Arbeitsweise beschrieben, zuletzt wird noch auf Wirksamkeit und Kosten eingegangen.