bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No evidence that the widespread environmental contaminant caffeine alters energy balance or stress responses in fish
Authors: Tan Hung , Brand Jack A. , Clarke Bradley O. , Manera Jack L. , Martin Jake M. , Wong Bob B. M. , Alton Lesley A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic sources of environmental pollution are ever‐increasing as urban areas expand and more chemical compounds are used in daily life. The stimulant caffeine is one of the most consumed chemical compounds worldwide, and as a result, has been detected as an environmental contaminant in all types of major water sources on all continents. Exposure of wildlife to environmental pollutants can disrupt the energy balance of these organisms, as restoration of homeostasis is prioritised. In turn, energy allocated to other key biological processes such as growth or reproduction may be affected, consequently reducing the overall fitness of an individual. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if long‐term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of caffeine had any energetic consequences on wildlife. Specifically, we exposed wild eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) to one of three nominal concentrations of caffeine (0, 100 and 10,000 ng/L) and assayed individuals for metabolic rate, general activity, antipredator and foraging behaviour and body size as measures of energy expenditure or energy intake. We found no differences in any measured traits between any of the given exposure treatments, indicating that exposure to caffeine at current environmental levels may not adversely affect the energy balance and fitness of vulnerable freshwater fish.
White shirts as sacred amulets: “World‐making” and “self‐making” during the Burmese political festival
Authors: Thein‐Lemelson Seinenu M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrawing upon Stanley J. Tambiah's idea of “world conquerors” and “world renouncers,” this article examines the Burmese political festival (nainganyei pwe) as a ritual, affective, and material space where former political prisoners reinterpret violence and engage in forms of collective and personal “world‐making.” The article focuses on one practice in particular: the ritual wearing of white shirts by the 88 Generation. It is argued that there are psychological benefits to donning this symbolic attire. Like sacred amulets described by Tambiah, the white shirt provides ontological security to former political prisoners. For leaders (gaungzaungs) in the movement, the white shirts are integral to how they create and embody power, becoming conduits of charismatic authority. Within the context of the nainganyei pwe and when combined with other “technologies of the self,” the white shirts create a feeling of inviolability and allow survivors of political violence to reassert personal and collective agency.
Does it pay to invest in your couple relationship?
Authors: Bokek‐Cohen Ya'arit , Halamish‐Leshem Riki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to examine the efficacy of relationship investment tactics in improving relationship satisfaction.BackgroundPhysical and mental health are affected by the quality of the couple relationship. Accordingly, bolstering the couple relationship and enhancing relationship satisfaction is of crucial importance for both partners' well‐being. Using relationship investment tactics may represent a behavioral solution for elevating the quality of the couple bond as well as their satisfaction from their relationship.MethodA cross‐sectional research design was adopted. The associations between demographic characteristics, relationship investment tactics, and relationship satisfaction were tested using a path analysis.ResultsEmploying tactics of emotional gestures, material and instrumental gestures, giving space, and shared activities were found to be positively associated with relationship satisfaction. Using tactics of sex and self‐beautification and helping the partner's family and friends did not entail heightened satisfaction.ConclusionRelationships can be improved and transformed by employing relationship investment tactics described in this research report.ImplicationsThe results indicate that behavioral tactics and patterns, which are easy, simple, and usually free, may be employed to enhance relationship satisfaction. Couple therapists may consider advising clients as to how to prevent relationship decline and helping clients when encountering relationship difficulties by employing these relationship investment tactics.
Parental financial socialization, financial behaviors, and well‐being among Hong Kong young adults amid COVID‐19
Authors: Khan Muhammad Aamir , Li Xiaomin , LeBaron‐Black Ashley B. , Serido Joyce 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated how parental financial socialization was related to Hong Kong young adults' financial behaviors and well‐being amid COVID‐19.BackgroundWe extended existing literature by including two types of financial behaviors: healthy money management (e.g., spending within budget) and financial enabling (i.e., overgiving and sharing financial resources). We focused on well‐being in financial and nonfinancial domains (i.e., financial well‐being and hopelessness, respectively). We also considered moderating roles of gender, family socioeconomic status (SES), and income changes during COVID‐19.MethodsWe collected cross‐sectional survey data from 604 Hong Kong young adults and conducted structural equation modeling.ResultsParental financial socialization, on the one hand, promoted well‐being via healthier money management. On the other hand, parental financial socialization increased financial enabling and reduced well‐being. The examined associations varied across gender, family SES, and income changes during COVID‐19.ConclusionsParental financial socialization was a “double‐edged” sword, and the examined associations varied for young adults with diverse experiences across gender, family SES, and income changes during COVID‐19.ImplicationsEfforts are needed to strengthen desired consequences and alleviate undesired ones of parental financial socialization. The different needs and experiences of young adults deserve attention.
The clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among very elderly people in Japan
Authors: Mitsumoto‐Kaseida Fujiko , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Sasaki Daisuke , Ota Kenji , Kaku Norihito , Sakamoto Kei , Kosai Kosuke , Hasegawa Hiroo , Hayashi Jun , Yanagihara Katsunori 
Published: September 2023

AimMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial infection‐causing pathogen. The clonal shift from staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type II MRSA to SCCmec type IV MRSA has occurred rapidly in acute‐care hospitals. However, the epidemiology and clinical impacts of MRSA in geriatric hospitals are poorly documented. We performed a molecular epidemiological analysis of the clinical isolates and retrospectively investigated the clinical characteristics of SCCmec type IV MRSA in elderly individuals.MethodsMRSA isolates were grouped according to the SCCmec type and virulence genes (tst, sea, seb, sec, and lukS/F‐PV), and multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed.ResultsOf the 145 MRSA isolates obtained from patients with a median age of 85 years, 100 (69.0%) were obtained from sputum samples, 22 (15.2%) from skin and soft tissues, and seven (4.8%) from blood samples. The most prevalent clone was SCCmec type IV/clonal complex (CC)1/sea+ (59.3%), followed by SCCmec type I/sequence type (ST) 8 (17.3%). Of the 17 (11.7%) strains to which an anti‐MRSA drug was administered by a physician, only three were SCCmec type IV/CC1/sea+ (17.6%) and five were SCCmec type I/ST8 (29.4%). SCCmec type IV/CC1/sea+ MRSA was more frequently isolated in long‐term care wards than were SCCmec type I/ST8 strains (odds ratio: 2.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–7.54) and was less frequently treated as the cause of MRSA infections (odds ratio: 0.15, 95% confidence interval: 0.03–0.73).ConclusionsSCCmec type IV/CC1/sea+ MRSA was the predominant clone and could be easily transmissible and be capable of colonization. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 744–749.
Implementing patient–public engagement for improved health: Lessons from three Ghanaian community‐based programmes
Authors: Ankomah Samuel E. , Fusheini Adam , Derrett Sarah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCommunity‐based health interventions have been implemented as a key strategy for achieving improved health outcomes in Ghana. Effectiveness, however, largely depends on the successful implementation of patient–public engagement (PPE). Although several PPE studies have been conducted in Ghana, little research has been done to understand the specific role of PPE in the context of implementing community‐based health programmes. This paper, therefore, examines the extent of PPE implementation in three selected community‐based health programmes (Community‐based Health Planning and Service [CHPS], Community‐based Maternal and Child Health and Buruli Ulcer) to understand their specific effects on health outcomes.MethodsThree focus groups, involving 26 participants, were held in three districts of the Ashanti region of Ghana. Participants were mainly health service users involving community health committee members/volunteers, residents and health professionals. They were invited to participate based on their roles in the design and implementation of the programmes. Participants focused on each of Rifkin's spider‐gram components. Data were transcribed and analysed descriptively using NVIVO 12 Plus.ResultsPPE implementation was found to be extensive across the three programmes in specific areas such as organisation and resource mobilisation. PPE was more restricted in relation to community needs assessment, leadership and management, particularly for the CHPS and Buruli Ulcer programmes.ConclusionFindings suggest that benefits from community‐based health interventions are likely to be greater if PPE can be widely implemented across all dimensions of the spider‐gram framework.
Barriers to connecting with the voluntary assisted dying system in Victoria, Australia: A qualitative mixed method study
Authors: White Ben P. , Jeanneret Ruthie , Willmott Lindy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionVoluntary assisted dying (VAD) is increasingly being legalised internationally. In Australia, all six states have now passed such laws, with Victoria being the first in 2019. However, early research in Victoria on the patient experience of seeking VAD shows that finding a connection to the VAD system is challenging. This study analyses the causes of this ‘point of access’ barrier.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured qualitative interviews with family caregivers and a person seeking VAD, with participants recruited via social media and patient interest groups. Data were thematically analysed. We also undertook documentary analysis (content and thematic) of publicly available reports from the oversight body, the Voluntary Assisted Dying Review Board.ResultsWe interviewed 32 family caregivers and one patient across 28 interviews and analysed six Board reports. Finding a point of access to the VAD system was reported as challenging in both interviews and reports. Four specific barriers to connecting with the system were identified: (1) not knowing VAD exists as a legal option; (2) not recognising a person is potentially eligible for VAD; (3) not knowing next steps or not being able to achieve them in practice; and (4) challenges with patients being required to raise the topic of VAD because doctors are legally prohibited from doing so.ConclusionLegal, policy and practice changes are needed to facilitate patients being able to find a connection to the VAD system. The legal prohibition on doctors raising the topic of VAD should be repealed, and doctors and institutions who do not wish to be involved in VAD should be required to connect patients with appropriate contacts within the system. Community awareness initiatives are needed to enhance awareness of VAD, especially given it is relatively new in Victoria.Patient or Public ContributionFamilies and a patient were the focus of this research and interviews with them about the experience of seeking VAD were the primary source of data analysed. This article includes their solutions to address the identified point of access barriers. Patient interest groups also supported the recruitment of participants.
The effectiveness of dental water jet in reducing dental plaque and gingival bleeding in orthodontic patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: AlMoharib Hani S. , AlAskar Mansour H. , AlShabib Abdulrahman N. , Almadhoon Hossam Waleed , AlMohareb Thamer S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis tests the effectiveness of dental water jet (DWJ) with manual toothbrushes (MTB) compared to MTB alone in oral health maintenance in orthodontic patients.MethodsFour databases were systematically searched: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Cochrane Library until 6 January 2022 using a combination of medical subject heading (MeSH) terms and keywords. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were only included and critically appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool. The mean difference (MD) effect measure was calculated using the Mantel‐Haenszel statistical test (95% confidence interval [CI]) to compare both study groups (p‐value < 0.05).ResultsAfter reviewing 5881 studies from a systematic search, six were selected for inclusion, with four involved in the quantitative analysis. The risk of bias was low in two studies, moderate in two studies and high in the remaining two studies. The meta‐analysis showed a significant improvement in plaque index and bleeding scores in DWJ + MTB group compared MTB alone group in orthodontic patients with generalized gingivitis (MD = −0.75, 95% CI [−1.29, −0.22], p = 0.006) and (MD = −0.17, 95% CI [−0.27, −0.08], p = 0.0003), respectively. However, no significant improvement was detected between both groups in the gingival index.ConclusionsThe use of DWJ as an adjunctive device in addition to MTB can be an effective strategy for maintaining oral hygiene in orthodontic patients with gingivitis. However, more high‐quality RCTs are needed to confirm the findings.
The novel electrical properties in quasi‐2D hybrid improper ferroelectric Sr3Sn2O7 ceramic and the structural modulation
Authors: Xiao Zhifeng , Xiao Tianqi , Wang Shouyu , Huang Shan , Wei Boda , Liu Weifang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe quasi‐two‐dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper material, Sr3Sn2O7 with hybrid improper ferroelectricity, has gained significant scientific interest owing to its unique ferroelectric phase transition mechanism. However, its electrical behaviors near the phase transition temperature necessitate further investigation. In this study, high‐quality Sr3Sn2O7 ceramic was successfully prepared, and its temperature‐dependent electrical properties were systematically studied. The phase transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric of Sr3Sn2O7 ceramic near 160°C was evidenced by the varying electrical properties dependence of temperature. It is found that the space‐charge‐limited bulk conduction with deep traps is identified as dominant conduction mechanism for Sr3Sn2O7 ceramic that has high resistivity. An abnormal increasing trend of coercive field with temperature was observed and is discussed with trap‐filling process and octahedral rotation distortion. Interestingly, Sr3Sn2O7 ceramic exhibits negative piezoelectric effect and negative electrostriction responded to biased electric field, which is dramatically influenced by ferroelectric polarization. Overall, this study serves as a reference for exploring the electrical properties of other hybrid improper ferroelectrics, particularly near their Curie temperature.
Accountability focus and nurses' performance: A moderated‐mediation model by using experiment design simulations
Authors: Sharon Ira , Drach‐Zahavy Anat , Srulovici Einav 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to test a moderated‐mediation model, explaining how and under which circumstances a process‐ or an outcome‐accountability focus affects performance.DesignRandomized controlled design, using screen‐based simulations.MethodsData were collected during 2021. Two screen‐based simulations of medication administration (for low‐ and high‐complexity tasks) were used. Each participant was randomly assigned to one of the six experimental conditions. Nurses completed validated questionnaires on strain levels and their perceptions of the simulated task complexity and accountability focus. Performance was assessed via validated checklists assessing nurses' performance of the simulation.ResultsTask complexity significantly moderated the relationship between accountability‐focus conditions and strain. For the process‐accountability‐focus condition, strain levels were lower during high‐complexity tasks compared with low‐complexity tasks, while for the outcome‐accountability‐focus condition, strain levels were lower during low‐complexity tasks compared with high‐complexity tasks. The highest strain levels were observed under the no accountability‐focus condition. Additionally, this interaction had an impact on performance, with nurses' strain playing a mediating role.ConclusionsAny accountability focus reduces strain levels and enhances performance compared with having no accountability focus. The choice of accountability focus should be based on task‐complexity considerations.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareManagers can effectively reduce nurses' strain and improve performance by prioritizing outcome accountability focus for simpler tasks and process accountability focus for complex tasks.ImpactThe study addressed previous ambiguous findings regarding the type of accountability focus that better motivates nurses' performance. By considering accountability focus, nurse managers can balance nurses' strain levels with improved performance.Reporting MethodWe have adhered to the relevant EQUATOR guidelines: CONSORT.Patient or Public ContributionThere is no patient or public contribution, as the study only concerns the providers of the service, that is the nurses themselves.
Artificial intelligence and digital health in improving primary health care service delivery in LMICs: A systematic review
Authors: Saif‐Ur‐Rahman KM , Islam Md Shariful , Alaboson Joan , Ola Oluwadara , Hasan Imran , Islam Nazmul , Mainali Shristi , Martina Tina , Silenga Eva , Muyangana Mubita , Joarder Taufique 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTechnology including artificial intelligence (AI) may play a key role to strengthen primary health care services in resource‐poor settings. This systematic review aims to explore the evidence on the use of AI and digital health in improving primary health care service delivery.MethodsThree electronic databases were searched using a comprehensive search strategy without providing any restriction in June 2023. Retrieved articles were screened independently using the “Rayyan” software. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two review authors. A narrative synthesis of the included interventions was conducted.ResultsA total of 4596 articles were screened, and finally, 48 articles were included from 21 different countries published between 2013 and 2021. The main focus of the included studies was noncommunicable diseases (n = 15), maternal and child health care (n = 11), primary care (n = 8), infectious diseases including tuberculosis, leprosy, and HIV (n = 7), and mental health (n = 6). Included studies considered interventions using AI, and digital health of which mobile‐phone‐based interventions were prominent. m‐health interventions were well adopted and easy to use and improved the record‐keeping, service deliver, and patient satisfaction.ConclusionAI and the application of digital technologies improve primary health care service delivery in resource‐poor settings in various ways. However, in most of the cases, the application of AI and digital health is implemented through m‐health. There is a great scope to conduct further research exploring the interventions on a large scale.
Neuroanatomical zones of human traumatic brain injury reveal significant differences in protein profile and protein oxidation: Implications for secondary injury events
Authors: Gowthami Niya , Pursotham Nithya , Dey Gourav , Ghose Vivek , Sathe Gajanan , Pruthi Nupur , Shukla Dhaval , Gayathri Narayanappa , Santhoshkumar Rashmi , Padmanabhan Balasundaram , Chandramohan Vivek , Mahadevan Anita , Srinivas Bharath M. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) causes significant neurological deficits and long‐term degenerative changes. Primary injury in TBI entails distinct neuroanatomical zones, i.e., contusion (Ct) and pericontusion (PC). Their dynamic expansion could contribute to unpredictable neurological deterioration in patients. Molecular characterization of these zones compared with away from contusion (AC) zone is invaluable for TBI management. Using proteomics‐based approach, we were able to distinguish Ct, PC and AC zones in human TBI brains. Ct was associated with structural changes (blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuroinflammation, axonal injury, demyelination and ferroptosis), while PC was associated with initial events of secondary injury (glutamate excitotoxicity, glial activation, accumulation of cytoskeleton proteins, oxidative stress, endocytosis) and AC displayed mitochondrial dysfunction that could contribute to secondary injury events and trigger long‐term degenerative changes. Phosphoproteome analysis in these zones revealed that certain differentially phosphorylated proteins synergistically contribute to the injury events along with the differentially expressed proteins. Non‐synaptic mitochondria (ns‐mito) was associated with relatively more differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) compared to synaptosomes (Syn), while the latter displayed increased protein oxidation including tryptophan (Trp) oxidation. Proteomic analysis of immunocaptured complex I (CI) from Syn revealed increased Trp oxidation in Ct > PC > AC (vs. control). Oxidized W272 in the ND1 subunit of CI, revealed local conformational changes in ND1 and the neighboring subunits, as indicated by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). Taken together, neuroanatomical zones in TBI show distinct protein profile and protein oxidation representing different primary and secondary injury events with potential implications for TBI pathology and neurological status of the patients.image