bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved balance between dimensional stability, mechanical properties and processability of linear low density polyethylene for rotational molding
Authors: Li Danding , Gong Yutie , Li Hairong , Zhang Yingao , Zhao Jiayu , Zhu Jiaxiang , Huang Leping , Jiang Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) products made by rotational molding (RM) usually involve two main problems of poor dimensional stability and insufficient mechanical properties. Although the decline in thermal expansion coefficient and rise in mechanical strength can be attained by filling with inorganic particles, the melt fluidity of LLDPE, which is of great importance for RM, would be significantly reduced. In this study, a combination of crosslinker low‐temperature blending and partial chemical crosslinking strategy is employed to enhance the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of LLDPE without sacrificing the melt fluidity. The structure–property relationships in the crosslinked specimens are analyzed based on X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and dielectric spectrometry. The results show that our simple, low‐cost and universal strategy not only contributes to a better dimensional stability and significantly improved mechanical properties, but also endow the samples with promising processability and thermal stability.
Understanding the effect of temperature downshift onCHOcell growth, antibody titer and product quality by intracellular metabolite profiling and in vivo monitoring of redox state
Authors: Zhu Ziyu , Chen Xiaoqian , Li Wenhao , Zhuang Yingping , Zhao Yuzheng , Wang Guan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe strategy of temperature downshift has been widely used in the biopharmaceutical industry to improve antibody production and cell‐specific production rate (qp) with Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). However, the mechanism of temperature‐induced metabolic rearrangement, especially important intracellular metabolic events, remains poorly understood. In this work, in order to explore the mechanisms of temperature‐induced cell metabolism, we systematically assessed the differences in cell growth, antibody expression, and antibody quality between high‐producing (HP) and low‐producing (LP) CHO cell lines under both constant temperature (37°C) and temperature downshift (37°C→33°C) settings during fed‐batch culture. Although the results showed that low‐temperature culture during the late phase of exponential cell growth significantly reduced the maximum viable cell density (p < 0.05) and induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, this temperature downshift led to a higher cellular viability and increased antibody titer by 48% and 28% in HP and LP CHO cell cultures, respectively (p < 0.001), and favored antibody quality reflected in reduced charge heterogeneity and molecular size heterogeneity. Combined extra‐ and intra‐cellular metabolomics analyses revealed that temperature downshift significantly downregulated intracellular glycolytic and lipid metabolic pathways while upregulated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and particularly featured upregulated glutathione metabolic pathways. Interestingly, all these metabolic pathways were closely associated with the maintenance of intracellular redox state and oxidative stress‐alleviating strategies. To experimentally address this, we developed two high‐performance fluorescent biosensors, denoted SoNar and iNap1, for real‐time monitoring of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + hydrogen (NAD+/NADH) ratio and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) amount, respectively. Consistent with such metabolic rearrangements, the results showed that temperature downshift decreased the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio, which might be ascribed to the re‐consumption of lactate, and increased the intracellular NADPH amount (p < 0.01) to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the increased metabolic requirements for high‐level expression of antibody. Collectively, this study provides a metabolic map of cellular metabolic rearrangement induced by temperature downshift and demonstrates the feasibility of real‐time fluorescent biosensors for biological processes, thus potentially providing a new strategy for dynamic optimization of antibody production processes.
Preparation of Stereo‐Divergent Compounds from the Natural Product Drupacine Based on Complexity‐to‐Diversity Strategy
Authors: Li Yalin , Cai Yuxing , Pan Xingyu , Dong Junyi , Tan Yuhang , Zeng Huiling , Yu Zhanpeng , Chen Chen , Kong Lingyi , Luo Jianguang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Complexity‐to‐Diversity (CtD) strategy was applied to synthesize a 23‐member compound collection from the natural product drupacine, including 21 novel compounds. An unusual benzo [d] cyclopenta [b] azepin skeleton was constructed by Von Braun reaction to cleave C−N bond of drupacine. Moreover, compound 10 has potential cytotoxicity to human colon cancer cells with low toxicity to the normal human colon mucosal epithelial cell lines.
Unveiling Photodegradation and Photosensitization Mechanisms of Unconjugated Pterins
Authors: Arpa Enrique M. , Corral Inés 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Enrique M. Arpa (Linköping University) and Inés Corral (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid). The image depicts two examples where pterin chemistry is relevant, the wing coloration of some butterflies and the cytotoxic action in vitiligo. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202300519.
Recalling‐enhanced recurrent neural network optimized with wood pecker mating algorithm for brain tumor classification
Authors: Suganthy M. , Ashok S. , Uma Maheswari A. , Subha T. D. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBrain tumors are caused by the uncontrollable division and proliferation of abnormal cell groupings inside or around the brain. This cell grouping affects the function of brain activities and destroys healthy cells. Several methods have been used to detect the brain tumor, but none of the methods present adequate accuracy and increasing computational time. To overcome these issues, this article proposes recalling‐enhanced recurrent neural network (RERNN) optimized with woodpecker mating algorithm for brain tumor classification (BTC) to accurately classify the four types of brain tumors, namely, glioma, meningioma, pituitary gland, and normal. The brain MRI images are collected from Brats MRI image data set. The simulation is activated in MATLAB. From the simulation, the proposed BTC‐RE‐RNN–WMA achieves better accuracy 29.98%, 26.74%, 33.27%, higher precision 19.24%, 34.82%, 26.92%, when comparing to the existing models, such as efficient identification with categorization of brain tumor utilizing kernel based SVM for MRI (BTC‐KSVM‐HHO), combined training of two‐channel deep neural network for brain tumor categorization (BTC‐JT‐TCDNN), improved structure for brain tumor analysis utilizing MRI depending on YOLOv2 with convolutional neural network (BTC‐YOLOv2‐CNN) methods.
Reactivity of a Cationic Bismuth Amide towards Unsymmetric Heterocumulenes
Authors: Oberdorf Kai , Grenzer Patrick , Pfister Pauline , Hanft Anna , Rempel Anna , Lichtenberg Crispin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the Lichtenberg group of the Philipps‐University Marburg (Germany). The front cover picture shows “bismuth” dressed in colors reminiscent of those found on the surface of this element. In the graphic, bismuth is craving for soft ice cream. This represents the preference of Lewis acidic bismuth centers for soft donor atoms, as demonstrated in the insertion of heterocumulenes into the Bi–N bond of a cationic bismuth amide. More information can be found in the Research Article by Crispin Lichtenberg and co‐workers.
Agronomic consequences of growing field‐transplanted hybrid potato seedlings
Authors: Kacheyo Olivia C. , de Vries Michiel E. , van Dijk Luuk C. M. , Schneider Hannah M. , Struik Paul C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe introduction of hybrid breeding in potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) requires novel and efficient cropping systems for potato production based on true potato seed (TPS). Such systems address the limitations of conventional seed tuber–based systems, including low multiplication rates, high degeneration rates, and high costs of transport and storage. Of the possible cultivation pathways of TPS, we introduce and discuss the potential of field transplanting nursery‐raised potato seedlings as an alternative system for seed and ware production. This review discusses the current knowledge available on field transplanting of potato seedlings, the key factors that influence the success or failure of the system, and some of the prospective factors that will influence the wide introduction and utilization of field transplanting of potato seedlings in diverse farming systems. A field transplanting system will require the successful production of seedlings in the nursery, a successful establishment of transplanted seedlings in the field, and successful crop management to attain a productive seed or ware crop. The contribution of various factors in the various phases of the system to the success of the transplanted crop is also discussed. The introduction and utilization of the field transplanting system will be accelerated when hybrid breeding focuses on the introgression of traits of interest into high yielding cultivars and when agronomic studies focus on defining factors influencing productivity in distinct phases of the system.
Photo‐Induced C1 Substitution Using Methanol as a C1 Source
Authors: Li Hongmei , Li Chao , Liu Wei , Yao Yanling , Li Yuanhua , Zhang Bing , Qiu Chuntian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of sustainable and efficient C1 substitution methods is of central interest for organic synthesis and pharmaceuticals production, the methylation motifs bound to a carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen atom widely exist in natural products and top‐selling drugs. In the past decades, a number of methods involving green and inexpensive methanol have already been disclosed to replace industrial hazardous and waste‐generating C1 source. Among the various efforts, photochemical strategy is considered as a “renewable” alternative that shows great potential to selectively activate methanol to achieve a series of C1 substitutions at mild conditions, typically C/N‐methylation, methoxylation, hydroxymethylation, and formylation. Herein the recent advances in selective transformation of methanol to various C1 functional groups via well‐designed photochemical systems involving different types of catalysts or not is systematically reviewed. Both the mechanism and corresponding photocatalytic system were discussed and classified on specific methanol activation models. Finally, the major challenges and perspectives are proposed.
Urban mosquito distributions are modulated by socioeconomic status and environmental traits in the USA
Authors: Yitbarek Senay , Chen Kelvin , Celestin Modeline , McCary Matthew 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe distribution of mosquitoes and associated vector diseases (e.g., West Nile, dengue, and Zika viruses) is likely to be a function of environmental conditions in the landscape. Urban environments are highly heterogeneous in the amount of vegetation, standing water, and concrete structures covering the land at a given time, each having the capacity to influence mosquito abundance and disease transmission. Previous research suggests that socioeconomic status is correlated with the ecology of the landscape, with lower‐income neighborhoods generally having more concrete structures and standing water via residential abandonment, garbage dumps, and inadequate sewage. Whether these socioecological factors affect mosquito distributions across urban environments in the USA remains unclear. Here, we present a meta‐analysis of 42 paired observations from 18 articles testing how socioeconomic status relates to the overall mosquito burden in urban landscapes in the USA. We also analyzed how socioecological covariates (e.g., abandoned buildings, vegetation, education, and garbage containers) varied across socioeconomic status in the same mosquito studies. The meta‐analysis revealed that lower‐income neighborhoods (regions with median household incomes <US$50,000 per household per year) are exposed to 63% greater mosquito densities and mosquito‐borne illnesses compared with higher‐income neighborhoods (≥US$50,000 per household per year). One common species of urban mosquito (Aedes aegypti) showed the strongest relationship with socioeconomic status, with Ae. aegypti being 126% higher in low‐income than high‐income neighborhoods. We also found that certain socioecological covariates correlated with median household income. Garbage, trash, and plastic containers were found to be 67% higher in low‐income neighborhoods, whereas high‐income neighborhoods tended to have higher levels of education. Together, these results indicate that socioecological factors can lead to disproportionate impacts of mosquitoes on humans in urban landscapes. Thus, concerted efforts to manage mosquito populations in low‐income urban neighborhoods are required to reduce mosquito burden for the communities most vulnerable to human disease.
The experiences of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with gestational diabetes mellitus: A mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Haigh Claire , Lau Hiu Wing Rachel , Weir Tessa , Glastras Sarah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is experienced at a higher rate in women from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the experiences of women with GDM from CALD backgrounds and compare their experiences to women with GDM from non‐CALD backgrounds.Materials and MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, WOS and CINAHL databases were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies which included data on the experiences of CALD background women with GDM during all stages of pregnancy. Quality appraisal utilized checklists for analytical cross‐sectional studies and qualitative research. Thematic analysis was performed using nVivo software.ResultsOf the 3054 studies identified, 24 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data synthesis produced five key themes: (1) Response to diagnosis, (2) Experiences with self‐management, (3) Interactions with the healthcare system, (4) Mental health challenges and (5) Facilitators and barriers to support. Women with GDM from CALD and non‐CALD backgrounds similarly expressed mental health challenges, feeling burdened by recommendations, and challenges interacting with healthcare professionals (HCP). The major difference in experience was the cultural relevance of recommendations, especially related to diet recommendations.ConclusionGestational diabetes mellitus is a burdensome diagnosis for CALD and non‐CALD women, with CALD women uniquely experiencing a lack of culturally relevant recommendations for self‐management. The similarities and differences in experience call for optimisation of GDM management and support for women with GDM.
Polyphenols in food industry, nano‐based technology development and biological properties: An overview
Authors: Omidfar Fatemeh , Gheybi Fatemeh , Zareian Mohsen , Karimi Ehsan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere is a growing interest in bioactive compounds particularly polyphenols as dietary sources, food ingredients with several putative beneficial activities such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of plant‐derived phenolic compounds can substantially help develop solutions and technologies to better control and alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and consequently cancer. Studies have indicated that the loading of natural phytoconstituents into appropriate nanoparticles can develop and broaden biological applications. There is a wide range of applications derived from nanotechnology and nanomedicine through developing the packaging, preservation, and bioavailability of natural phytochemical. The present paper provides an overview and highlight on the importance and potential of natural polyphenols particularly in food and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, nanotechnology approaches, bioavailability, and potential adverse effects are also discussed.
Modified rice husk hydrochars enhanced surfactant leaching remediation of phenanthrene pyrene contaminated soil
Authors: Ma Jingyi , Zhang Fan , Wang Xi , Wang Xing , Jia Nan , Li Yongkuan , Xu Shihong , Li Dengxin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe adsorption capacity of soil itself makes it difficult to efficiently remove phenanthrene and pyrene from soil by direct leaching. In this article, hydrochar was introduced into the leaching process after modification, and the enhanced leaching effect of hydrothermal carbon was explored under various influencing factors. The experimental results show that the modified hydrochar competes with the soil for adsorption during the leaching process, promotes the desorption of pollutants and adsorbs some pollutants in the leaching solution, which greatly enhances the leaching effect. The elution of phenanthrene increased from 64.06% to 91.08% and of pyrene from 70.26% to 91.13% under the optimum enhanced drenching conditions. This work provides some new ideas for the removal of PAHs from the natural soil environment.
Triaxial shake table testing of an integrated low‐damage building system
Authors: Pampanin Stefano , Ciurlanti Jonathan , Bianchi Simona , Perrone Daniele , Granello Gabriele , Palmieri Michele , Grant Damian N. , Palermo Alessandro , Costa Alfredo Campos , Candeias Paulo X. , Correia António A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLessons from recent earthquakes have provided a tough reality check of the traditional seismic design approach and technologies, highlighting the urgent need for a paradigm shift of performance‐based design criteria and objectives toward low‐damage design philosophy and technologies for the whole building system. Modern society is asking for “earthquake proof” resilient buildings that are able to withstand seismic events without compromising their functionality. The EU‐funded SERA (Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research Infrastructure Alliance for Europe Project) project discussed in this paper provided the opportunity to develop and validate within the European context an integrated seismic low‐damage prototype, including main structure and non‐structural elements, for the next generation of high‐performance buildings. This paper presents an overview of the research, involving three‐dimensional shake table tests of a two‐storey 1:2 scaled timber‐concrete post‐tensioned dissipative low‐damage structure “dressed” by earthquake‐resistant gypsum/masonry partitions and glass/concrete facades. Specimen details, construction and assembly phases, test setup, and experimental results are discussed. After many cycles of input motions at increasing levels of seismic intensity (higher than Collapse Prevention Limit State), the integrated building system exhibited a very high seismic performance. The experimental campaign carried out at the National Laboratory of Civil Engineering in Lisbon confirmed the unique potential of low‐damage technologies and the opportunity for their widespread implementation into design practice.
Experimental study of direct contact condensation of spent vapor in a cocurrent flow packed tower under negative pressure
Authors: Yu Xufeng , Guo Feng , Peng Dingkun , Huang Qunwu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCondensers are often required in power generation systems to condense the exhaust steam generated at the end of the turbine. This paper will investigate the enhanced condensation process of spent steam in a parallel flow type. The operating parameters of steam temperature (Tcond), steam flow rate (Gin), cooling water temperature (Tin), and cooling water flow rate (Lw) will affect the condensation effect by changing the gas–liquid arrangement in the tower. In this experiment, an orthogonal test was designed in the Raschig ring to investigate the significance of these four operating parameters on the experimental results. Different types of packings have different condensation effects due to different accumulation methods. The same type of packing has a different surface area, resulting in different contact areas between the gas and liquid phases during condensation. In this experiment, four different packings will be investigated to find their condensation performance. This paper uses the size of subcooling (ΔT) as an indicator to evaluate the effectiveness of condensation, and the values of condensation rate (R), number of liquid phase heat transfer units (NTUL), and total volume heat transfer coefficient (Kv) are used as a reference for the effectiveness of condensation. The results show that the overall condensation effect of regular packing is better than that of random packing, The average condensation rate of regular packing is 95%, the average condensation rate of random packing is 90%, the subcooling of regular packing is about three to five smaller than that of random packing, the heat transfer coefficient of regular packing is about 1.5 times of that of random packing. And by fitting the Kv data for different packings, an empirical formula was obtained that can be used to predict the Kv size of other packings.
Study on combustion performance of microgas turbine combustor with different fuels
Authors: Liu Aiguo , Liu Qiaochu , Wang Xinci , Xi Lei , Liu Kai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA low‐pollution single‐tube microgas turbine combustor using different gas fuels was studied. The combustion performance of two kinds of landfill gas and natural gas was tested in a single‐head combustor. The effects of fuel nozzle position, and the fuel distribution ratio between pilot and main combustion stage on pollutant emission were investigated under rated load condition. The flow field, temperature field, and pollutant generation characteristics with different fuel nozzle diameters and nozzle positions were analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that: the combustor can form an obvious central recirculation zone, which is convenient for ignition and stable flame propagation; in the case of limited premixed length, the influence of fuel nozzle position on fuel–air mixing uniformity is less obvious than that of fuel nozzle diameter. The fuel–air mixing uniformity plays a decisive role in the temperature field and the generation of pollutants in the combustor. The combustor has good pollutant emission characteristics, and the NOx emission can be reduced to about 10 ppmv (15% O2 concentration) under the appropriate combination of fuel nozzle diameter and position, which provides a reference for the further optimization of low‐emission combustor.