bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Old signals, new era: Reconsidering how customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction impact shareholder wealth
Authors: Zamudio César , Mah Suyun , Swaminathan Vanitha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Extant research suggests that higher levels of customer and employee satisfaction signal a firm’s competitive advantage, resulting in greater firm value. This article advances the understanding of how firms can manage customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction to increase shareholder wealth in a new environment due to the emergence of social media and a new class of retail investors. Drawing from stakeholder theory and signaling theory, we argue that inconsistency in customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction can be informative to investors and lead to greater shareholder wealth in such a new environment. Our findings demonstrate that there is a negative joint effect of the two on shareholder wealth, such that unanticipated increases in employee satisfaction reduces shareholder wealth when customer satisfaction has also increased. Social media visibility and industry concentration are two key moderators that strengthen the negative joint effect. Our study provides important theoretical implications and valuable suggestions to managers to determine what their satisfaction indicators communicate in a new era where social media and the retail investor class have gained outsized importance.
Re-defining ‘success’ in relation to outreach programs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students: centering the voices of students, staff and caregivers
Authors: Barney Katelyn , Williams Hayley 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Most universities run outreach camps that bring Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander school students onto university campuses to demystify university and build and sustain student engagement with university. However, there are varying perspectives on how ‘success’ should be defined and measured in relation to these programs. The staff who run outreach camps are often under pressure from university leadership and/or sponsors to set specific targets on the numbers of Indigenous students transitioning to that specific university where the camp occurred. This highlights the ongoing tensions and juxtapositions between widening participation and university marketing agendas. In addition, there has been little published evidence drawing on the voices of Indigenous students themselves in relation to how they articulate the successes of such programs. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore: How do Indigenous students and staff who run outreach camps view ‘success’ in relation to outreach programs? And what might this mean for the evaluation of outreach programs? Drawing on findings from an Australian Centre for Student Equity and Success (formerly NCSEHE) funded Equity Fellowship, this article identifies student, staff and parent/caregiver perspectives on what ‘success’ means in relation to outreach programs for Indigenous high school students. We draw on interviews with Indigenous university students who had participated in outreach programs while at school, staff who work on outreach programs, and parents/carers of students who had participated in outreach programs to explore how they articulate ‘success’ in relation to outreach programs and the need to develop more broader ‘measures of success’ for outreach programs. We argue that the markers of ‘success’ of outreach programs are multi-dimensional and should extend beyond (only) a focus on transition to university enrolment to include a fuller picture of the potential multiple ‘successes’ to include other understandings of success such as students building a sense of community with their peers and affirming and connecting to their own cultural identities.
Scoping potential dams: utilising remote sensing products to analyse topographic characteristics, runoff-to-storage ratio, and sedimentation—a Port Sudan case study
Authors: Delaney Robert G. , Ahmed Hatim M. , Folkard Andrew M. , M. Salih Mohammed A. , Whyatt James D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
When assessing sites for water harvesting structures, it is common to evaluate multiple locations using earth observation datasets before committing to detailed assessments. Traditionally, this practice relies on limited metrics, primarily topographic slope or wetness index. In this study, we present a comprehensive approach tailored to Port Sudan, a city urgently needing sustainable water resources. We defined the area of interest and used satellite-derived terrain data to identify over 25,000 potential dam sites, filtering out locations using Strahler stream order. We then used the geospatial tool ‘SiteFinder’ to determine dam sizes and reservoir dimensions for potential schemes, ranked for suitability using an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on five local topographic characteristics. Next, we applied a rainfall-runoff model that integrates transmission losses to estimate runoff at each potential site. Schemes were filtered to retain only those predicted to receive sufficient runoff, based on the ratio of annual runoff volume to storage capacity. We then modelled storage capacity loss due to sediment retention to retain schemes with less than 2% per year volume loss to sedimentation. This resulted in 55 favourable schemes being identified. This approach may interest planners involved in water harvesting site selection studies, considering criteria such as storage volume, dam size, runoff, and sediment retention. Results are presented within a GIS environment, enabling the inclusion of additional criteria in the final decision-making process.
Greenhouse gas removal in agricultural peatland via raised water levels and soil amendment
Authors: Jeewani Peduruhewa H. , Brown Robert W. , Rhymes Jennifer M. , McNamara Niall P. , Chadwick David R. , Jones Davey L. , Evans Chris D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Peatlands are an important natural store of carbon (C). Drainage of lowland peatlands for agriculture and the subsequent loss of anaerobic conditions had turned these C stores into major emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Practical management strategies are needed to reduce these emissions, and ideally to reverse them to achieve net GHG removal (GGR). Here we show that a combination of enhanced C input as recalcitrant organic matter, CH4 suppression by addition of terminal electron acceptors, and suppression of decomposition by raising water levels has the potential to achieve GGR in agricultural peat. We measured GHG (CO2, N2O, and CH4) fluxes for 1 year with intensive sampling (6 times within the first 56 days) followed by monthly sampling in outdoor mesocosms with high (0 cm) and low (− 40 cm) water table treatments and five contrasting organic amendments (Miscanthus-derived biochar, Miscanthus chip, paper waste, biosolids, and barley straw) were applied to high water table cores, with and without iron sulphate (FeSO4). Biochar produced the strongest net soil C gain, suppressing both peat decomposition and CH4 emissions. No other organic amendment generated similar GGR, due to higher decomposition and CH4 production. FeSO4 application further suppressed CO2 and CH4 release following biochar addition. While we did not account for life-cycle emissions of biochar production, or its longer-term stability, our results suggest that biochar addition to re-wetted peatlands could be an effective climate mitigation strategy.
Colonial Mapmaking, Ethnic Identity, and Traditional Authority in Africa
Authors: Houle Christian , Conroy-Krutz Jeffrey 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
One common explanation for ethnicized politics and limited national identification in Africa lies with colonial boundaries. Europeans frequently divided ethnic groups as they divvied territory in the nineteenth century; this might have long-run repercussions, as individuals prioritize ties with coethnics in neighboring states rather than with non-coethnic co-nationals. Contra these expectations, we argue that divided groups should have weaker attachments to their ethnicity than non-divided groups will, because partition particularly disrupted pre-existing traditional institutions of governance and exchange within these groups. We argue that partition weakened traditional authorities and, consequently, ethnic identities through three mechanisms: (1) administrative shifts that reduced traditional authorities’ power; (2) limitations on leaders’ capacity to raise revenues; and (3) exacerbating intra-group divisions among co-ethnics living on different sides of the borders. We test this using georeferenced data from rounds 3-6 of the Afrobarometer and find support for our argument. These results are robust to different measures of the extent to which an ethnic group was split and various considerations of ethnic groups’ local and national demographic and political power. Our findings have important implications for studies of the legacies of colonialism and identity politics in Africa today.
First report of the crinoid-associated scale worm Paradyte crinoidicola from the mainland Indian coastline
Authors: Baroliya Hitisha , Kavathiya Jenish , Kundu Rahul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Feather stars (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) are known to host a diversified associated fauna. Surprisingly, very few accounts on the crinoid epiphytic communities from the coasts of the India are available. The present contribution reports for the first time the crinoid-associated scale worm Paradyte crinoidicola (Potts, 1910) from Gujarat coastline, India. The species has been so far recorded from the southern part of Indian subcontinent, the Lakshadweep Islands as its first record from Indian coastline. Further research and documentation of these species will contribute to enhance our understanding of the diverse associations and complex interactions within Indian marine ecosystems. This highlights the necessity for more thorough field surveys and ongoing monitoring, as the region remains surprisingly underexplored.
Codes in the Making. A New Appraisal of Neolithic Imagery in Southwest Asia
Authors: Cartolano Mattia , Ferrara Silvia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Marks and figurative representations have been recognized as crucial socio-cognitive components that contributed to the transition from foraging to farming of the Neolithic in southwest Asia, during a period in which communities adopted novel social interactions and economic strategies. This article investigates image production and the trajectories tied to the creation of visual codes. We show that since the early Neolithic phases (c. 9700–6600 cal. bc) societies in southwest Asia engaged with specific symbols and created narrative and operational semasiographies, intended to serve as key communicative devices that functioned as community ties and contributed to social interaction across distant groups.
Story-writing Workshops as Archaeological Interventions: Local Perceptions of Galapagos Marine Plastic Litter
Authors: Praet Estelle , Guézou Anne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Marine plastic pollution is an issue that threatens most places around the world, including the remote and unique Galapagos archipelago. We used the archaeological framework of object itineraries as part of a story-writing workshop to explore perceptions of marine plastic litter (MPL) by students from two schools in Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz. Their stories, adopting an archaeological approach to plastic litter as artefacts, told the itinerary of MPL collected on Galapagos shores. We also analysed surveys evaluating their self-reported knowledge, pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) and perceptions of the issue of MPL before and after the workshop. Our findings showed good awareness of MPL origins and impacts, reflecting the specific pathways of litter reaching this Pacific archipelago from mainland South America, regional marine activities including fishing in and around the Galapagos Marine Reserve, and local sources, although those are thought to be limited. Yet the lack of focus on solutions in the stories and the emphasis on recycling PEBs suggest more targeted activities are needed to address the need of complementary solutions and to place more emphasis on reducing plastic use.
Blebbisomes are large, organelle-rich extracellular vesicles with cell-like properties
Authors: Jeppesen Dennis K. , Sanchez Zachary C. , Kelley Noah M. , Hayes James B. , Ambroise Jessica , Koory Emma N. , Krystofiak Evan , Taneja Nilay , Zhang Qin , Dungan Matthew M. , Perkins Olivia L. , Tyska Matthew J. , Knapik Ela W. , Dean Kevin M. , Doran Amanda C. , Coffey Robert J. , Burnette Dylan T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cells secrete a large variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to engage in cell-to-cell and cell-to-environment intercellular communication. EVs are functionally involved in many physiological and pathological processes by interacting with cells that facilitate transfer of proteins, lipids and genetic information. However, our knowledge of EVs is incomplete. Here we show that cells actively release exceptionally large (up to 20 µm) membrane-enclosed vesicles that exhibit active blebbing behavior, and we, therefore, have termed them blebbisomes. Blebbisomes contain an array of cellular organelles that include functional mitochondria and multivesicular endosomes, yet lack a definable nucleus. We show that blebbisomes can both secrete and internalize exosomes and microvesicles. Blebbisomes are released from normal and cancer cells, can be observed by direct imaging of cancer cells in vivo and are present in normal bone marrow. We demonstrate that cancer-derived blebbisomes contain a plethora of inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins, including PD-L1, PD-L2, B7-H3, VISTA, PVR and HLA-E. These data identify a very large, organelle-containing functional EV that act as cell-autonomous mobile communication centres capable of integrating and responding to signals in the extracellular environment.
Diffraction minima resolve point scatterers at few hundredths of the wavelength
Authors: Hensel Thomas A. , Wirth Jan O. , Schwarz Ole L. , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Resolving two or more constantly scattering identical point sources using freely propagating waves is limited by diffraction. Here we show that, by illuminating with a diffraction minimum, a given number of point scatterers can be resolved at distances of small fractions of the wavelength. Specifically, we identify an 8 nm distance, which corresponds to 1/80 of the employed 640 nm wavelength, between two constantly emitting fluorescent molecules in the focal plane of an optical microscope. We also measure 22 nm side length for a quadratic array of four molecules. Moreover, we show that the measurement precision improves with decreasing distance and with increased scatterer density. This work opens up the prospect of resolving individual scatterers in clusters that are far smaller than the wavelength.
Discharge distribution in a multi-outlet spillway with varying adverse conditions
Authors: Solheim Nils , Hedberg Mikael P. A. , Hellström Gunnar I. J. , Lia Leif , Andersson Anders G. , Andreasson Patrik , Pummer Elena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hydropower and dam structures worldwide are facing evolving requirements due to changes in climate, better methods for flood estimates, combined with the needs of surrounding interests. Improved understanding of the hydraulic behavior of spillways, and the approach flow leading up to them, is important for evaluation of existing spillways and considering potential redesigns. There is limited research on the distribution of flow across a multiple outlet spillway, therefore a purpose built experimental setup is utilized to examine the impact of various geometrical changes on the flow distribution across a spillway with three outlets. The maximum difference measured between the different outlets were as much as 10%. While small changes to abutment and pier corners were found to reduce total discharge capacity up to 8%, with increased discharge and overflow height causing greater reduction in the capacity of the spillway. To further investigate the flow behavior leading up to the spillway outlets, ADV measurements were conducted to capture flow velocities. The measured flow cross sections indicate a stable flow field leading away from the inlet, stagnation zones and recirculation zones leading up to the spillway, with minor variations occurring for increasing inlet flow rates.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) biodegradation by a lignolytic phenoloxidase of Trametes hirsuta
Authors: Söylemez Tuncay , Berger Ralf Günter , Krings Ulrich , Yamaç Mustafa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly potent mycotoxin that poses a serious threat to human and animal health. This study investigated the biodegradation of AFB1 by the supernatant of submerged cultured Trametes hirsuta, with a focus on identifying and characterizing the responsible enzyme(s). The extracellular enzymes of the white-rot mushroom were extracted from the supernatant and pre-separated using anion exchange fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). To pinpoint the specific enzyme, the eluted protein fractions exhibiting the highest degradation activity were subjected to detailed biochemical and proteomic analyses. A second purification step, ultrafiltration, yielded an electrophoretically pure enzyme. Sequencing of tryptic peptides using a nano-LC system coupled to a qQTOF mass spectrometer identified the enzyme as a lignolytic phenoloxidase. The enzyme exhibited a molecular mass of 55.6 kDa and achieved an impressive AFB1 degradation rate of 77.9% under optimized experimental conditions. This is the first fungal lignolytic phenoloxidase capable of aflatoxin degradation without requiring hydrogen peroxide as a cofactor, highlighting its unique catalytic mechanism. It may be used in mycotoxin remediation strategies, such as treating the surfaces of contaminated fruits, vegetables, and nuts.
Advancements in global water and sanitation access (2000–2020)
Authors: Ando Hiroki , Kitajima Masaaki , Oki Taikan , Murakami Michio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Globally equitable access to safely managed drinking water and sanitation is one of the major aims of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, specifically SDG goal 6. We assessed global-scale progress toward this goal from 2000 to 2020 with access rates to improved drinking water and sanitation services that are adjusted for socioeconomic, political, and hydrological conditions. We found that the adjusted access rates in 2020 were lower than 2000, although not-adjusted access rates had increased. Access rates improved more slowly in higher-GDP countries than in lower-GDP ones during this period. These show that access rates in lower-income countries improved, but were still lower, compared with those in countries with the same social conditions in 2000. This suggests the recent progress toward this goal has not aligned well with social development, emphasizing need for reflecting national management, international cooperation, and investment in water-related infrastructures to achieve the goal by 2030.
A short-term, high-caloric diet has prolonged effects on brain insulin action in men
Authors: Kullmann Stephanie , Wagner Lore , Hauffe Robert , Kühnel Anne , Sandforth Leontine , Veit Ralf , Dannecker Corinna , Machann Jürgen , Fritsche Andreas , Stefan Nobert , Preissl Hubert , Kroemer Nils B. , Heni Martin , Kleinridders André , Birkenfeld Andreas L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Brain insulin responsiveness is linked to long-term weight gain and unhealthy body fat distribution. Here we show that short-term overeating with calorie-rich sweet and fatty foods triggers liver fat accumulation and disrupted brain insulin action that outlasted the time-frame of its consumption in healthy weight men. Hence, brain response to insulin can adapt to short-term changes in diet before weight gain and may facilitate the development of obesity and associated diseases.
Categorizing robots by performance fitness into the tree of robots
Authors: Kirschner Robin Jeanne , Karacan Kübra , Melone Alessandro , Haddadin Sami 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Robots are typically classified based on specific morphological features, like their kinematic structure. However, a complex interplay between morphology and intelligence shapes how well a robot performs processes. Just as delicate surgical procedures demand high dexterity and tactile precision, manual warehouse or construction work requires strength and endurance. These process requirements necessitate robot systems that provide a level of performance fitting the process. In this work, we introduce the tree of robots as a taxonomy to bridge the gap between morphological classification and process-based performance. It classifies robots based on their fitness to perform, for example, physical interaction processes. Using 11 industrial manipulators, we constructed the first part of the tree of robots based on a carefully deduced set of metrics reflecting fundamental robot capabilities for various industrial physical interaction processes. Through significance analysis, we identified substantial differences between the systems, grouping them via an expectation-maximization algorithm to create a fitness-based robot classification that is open for contributions and accessible.
Collaborative decision‐making for UAV swarm confrontation based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Jiao Yongkang , Fu Wenxing , Cao Xinying , Su Qiangqing , Wang Yusheng , Shen Zixiang , Yu Lanlin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the advancement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, research on adversarial interactions within UAV swarms has gained significant attention domestically and internationally. However, the existing decision‐making algorithms are primarily tailored to homogeneous UAV swarm adversarial scenarios, facing challenges such as complex reward function design and limited decision‐making timeliness when applied to more intricate scenarios. This article investigates the real‐time control decision‐making issues in UAV swarm adversarial interactions. First, an adversarial simulation environment for UAV swarms is constructed, which effectively unifies the environment and state representation, enhancing the response speed of our UAVs. Second, a distributed UAV swarm collaborative control algorithm based on multi‐agent reinforcement learning is proposed, and an effective sparse reward function is designed to guide UAVs in adversarial gaming, making the UAV strategies more aggressive, enhancing the adversarial intensity, and further optimizing the control strategy to meet real‐world demands better. Finally, the real‐time performance and scalability of the proposed method are validated through simulations.
Enhanced Segment Anything Model for Accurate White Blood Cell Segmentation
Authors: Zang Yu , Su Yang , Hu Jun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWhite blood cell image segmentation plays a vital role in the accurate analysis and diagnosis of blood‐related diseases, facilitating the identification and quantification of white blood cells (WBCs) in microscopic images. This process is essential for early disease detection, treatment monitoring, and immune response studies, ultimately supporting clinical decision‐making. In this paper, we propose an enhanced approach based on the segment anything model (SAM). First, contrast limited adaptive histogram equalisation is applied for preprocessing to enhance the features of WBCs. Then, SAM is utilised for segmentation. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on cross‐domain datasets, providing accurate and reliable segmentation of WBCs.