bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health status and related influencing factors in patients with COVID-19
Authors: He Ying , Huang Lei , Chen Jian , Long Ling , Zhang Ling , Hui Xiao , Zhang Qingling , Guan Muzhen , Xie Yuanjun , Sun Jianguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-2019) has resulted in a significant number of diagnosed patients requiring treatment in designated hospitals. However, limited evidence exists regarding the prevalence of mental health problems and associated psychological factors in COVID-19 patients.

Objectives
This study investigated the prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among COVID-19 patients, as well as explored the associations between these mental health problems and psychological factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 387 COVID-19 patients in a designated shelter hospital. Online measures were used to assess anxiety, depression, insomnia, social support, coping styles, and emotional regulation. Data were analyzed to determine the prevalence rates of mental health problems and examine the associations between these problems and the psychological factors.

Results
The results revealed high prevalence rates of anxiety (21.80%), depression (49.0%), and insomnia (63.70%) among COVID-19 patients. Objective social support scores and positive coping style scores were significantly associated with lower levels of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, respectively. Conversely, high negative coping style scores, higher education level, and self-perceived illness severity, were significantly related to higher levels of anxiety, depression, or insomnia symptoms. Emotional regulation scores did not show a significant association with any of the examined mental health problems.

Conclusions
These findings have implications for guiding psychological interventions tailored to COVID-19 patients in future outbreaks. By targeting social support and promoting adaptive coping strategies, psychological interventions can address the psychological distress experienced by COVID-19 patients.
Antioxidant cellulose nanofibers/lignin-based aerogels: a potential material for biomedical applications
Authors: Sanchez Laura M. , Hopkins Abigail K. , Espinosa Eduardo , Larrañeta Eneko , Malinova Dessislava , McShane Adam Nathan , Domínguez-Robles Juan , Rodríguez Alejandro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Lignin is a naturally occurring and aromatic biopolymer with well-known antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Thus, in this work, the use of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and lignin to produce ultra-light aerogels for biomedical applications was studied. Aerogels containing varying amounts of lignin (0–30 wt%) and different concentrations of the crosslinking agent Fe3+ (25–100 mM) were developed.

Results
The different bioaerogels were fully characterized and their physical, mechanical and bioactive properties analyzed. It was observed that the bioaerogels soluble fraction tends to decrease as the lignin content increases for the different Fe3+ concentrations, due to lignin–CNF interactions through hydrogen bonds. The bioaerogels containing lignin showed remarkable radical scavenging activity as the DPPH concentration decreased with time. This confirms the benefits of including lignin in bioaerogels to impart antioxidant properties. To study the suitability of the produced bioaerogels for controlled drug release, the release of tetracycline (TC) was studied. All of the bioaerogels released TC in a sustained manner for 6 h and presented similar profiles. However, the bioaerogels containing higher concentrations of crosslinker showed a higher release of TC. The TC loading conferred clear antimicrobial activity against S. aureus as expected, unlike the insignificant antimicrobial activity of the bioaerogels without TC. The biocompatibility of the samples was demonstrated for all materials produced (with and without TC loading) by the Kruskal–Wallis test with multiple comparisons. After observation of cell morphology, no significant differences were evident suggesting that the CNF–lignin bioaerogels present optimal biocompatibility for use in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industry.

Conclusions
The CNF–lignin bioaerogels presented in this work highlights their promising application as biomedical applications, such as wound dressings due to their biocompatibility, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, as well as their swelling and solubility properties.

Graphical Abstract
Evaluation of baseline optic disc pit and optic disc coloboma maculopathy features by spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Prabhu Vishma , Mangla Rubble , Acharya Isha , Handa Ashit , Thadani Atul , Parmar Yash , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay , Venkatesh Ramesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to describe and compare the baseline demographic, ocular, and imaging characteristics of a cohort of patients with optic disc pit (ODP) or optic disc coloboma (ODC) maculopathy.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with ODP or ODC on clinical examination between June 2017 and December 2022. These patients’ baseline demographics, ocular characteristics, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging characteristics were analyzed.

Results
Fundus examination revealed 11 eyes of 11 patients with ODP and 14 eyes of 9 patients with ODC, respectively. On OCT, maculopathy was observed more frequently in ODP (n = 10) than in ODC (n = 4) [p = 0.004] cases. Eyes with ODP were more likely to exhibit retinoschisis and/or serous macular detachment [SMD] (n = 7, 70%), communication of the retinoschisis with the optic disc (p = 0.015), whereas the SMD did not communicate with the optic disc (p = 0.005), and significant outer retinal layer thinning (p = 0.015). In contrast, eyes with ODC exhibited only SMD (p = 0.005) and no retinoschisis on the non-colobomatous retina. SMD in ODC communicated with the margin of the optic disc. In both clinical entities, hyperreflective foci were observed in the SMD.

Conclusion
In summary, baseline maculopathy characteristics on OCT, including its type, location, and relationship to the optic disc, are among the most distinguishing characteristics between an ODP and an ODC.

Trial Registration Number
Not applicable.
The stent thrombosis in Belgium (STIB) scoring system reliability in Indonesia patients and the modified STIB scoring (M-STIB)
Authors: Hidayat Rakhmad , Rasyid Al , Harris Salim , Harahap Alida R. , Herqutanto  , Louisa Melva , Listiyaningsih Erlin , Rambe Aldy Safruddin , Loho Tonny 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Clopidogrel is recommended as an alternative to Acetyl Salicylic Acid (ASA), the first-line drug for secondary stroke prevention. Clopidogrel resistance in Indonesia is reportedly 15.8%. The Stent Thrombosis in Belgium (STIB) is a scoring system proposed to assess clopidogrel resistance which has not been tested for the reliability in Indonesian population.

Objectives
The objective of the study is to test the reliability of the STIB scoring and modified-STIB scoring system in Indonesian population.

Methods
This study was conducted cross-sectionally in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Universitas Indonesia Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. Laboratory examinations of human CYP450 concentration in blood plasma from 112 subjects were carried out using the ELISA method. The clopidogrel resistance test was carried out using the VerifyNow method.

Results
Out of 112 ischemic stroke patients in this study, 14.3% of them did not respond to clopidogrel. Cross-tabulation between the STIB score and clopidogrel resistance showed significant results (p < 0.05) on the Hb variable and a combination of two or three factors involving Hb levels. Both Hb and CYP450 levels can be independent factors predicting clopidogrel resistance. Once combined, the Hb and CYP450 cutoff levels of 458.9 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 100% with a specificity of 30.2%.

Conclusions
STIB scoring system did not prove to be reliable in screening for Clopidogrel resistance in Indonesian population. The modified STIB scoring system proposed in this study showed a promising result. Further research with larger population should be conducted.
Occlusion of thoracic duct stent resulting in recurrent chyluria: role of renal-lymphatic fistula embolization
Authors: Hoa Tran Quoc , Cuong Nguyen Ngoc , Hoan Le , Hoang Nguyen , Long Hoang , Luu Doan Tien , Hoan Nguyen Cong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Thoracic duct (TD) stenting is considered a treatment option for certain pathological conditions caused by TD obstruction, such as chyluria. Several studies have reported on the efficacy of TD stent treatment for both obstructive and leakage condition of TD, but few have evaluated the stent patency. This report aims to describe the patency of TD stent and the effectiveness of renal-lymphatic fistula embolization in the treatment of chyluria.

Case presentation
We report a case of chyluria treated by TD stent previously, stent was placed at the TD venous junction four months before the symptoms recurred. At the second intervention we found the stent was obstructed by debris. We recanalized the stent and successfully catheterised the microcatheter through the stent retrograde into the TD then into the renal-lymphatic fistula branch. After embolization of that abnormal branch, the recurrent chyluria was treated and no further episode of chyluria was occurred during 12 months follow up.

Conclusion
Stent in the TD may be occluded by debris. Embolization of renal-lymphatic fistula might be the most important treatment for spontaneous chyluria.
Biochemical characterization and hypocholesterolemic properties of sesame yogurt made from deoiled edible quality sesame flour (DEQSF) supplemented with rice bran oil
Authors: Sengupta Samadrita , Basu Srabanti , Bhowal Jayati 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite having a high polyphenol content, deoiled edible quality sesame flour (DEQSF), a byproduct of the sesame oil extraction process, is frequently thrown away. DEQSF contains antioxidants, amino acids, minerals, protein, and many non-nutrient-based health advantages. It could serve as an excellent material for the formulation of a value-added functional food product. The current study developed fortified sesame yogurts using rice bran oil (RBO) and DEQSF at percentages of 6, 7, and 8 in order to compare them to control sesame yogurts manufactured from whole sesame seeds and kept at 4 °C for 28 days. The other goal was to examine the in vivo cholesterol-lowering potential of sesame yogurt prepared from DEQSF and RBO. Evaluations were done on the physicochemical, microbiological, sensory, antioxidative, proteolytic, morphological, and nutritional properties. The proximate composition of RBO-fortified sesame yogurts differed considerably when compared to control yogurt in terms of protein, fat, ash, total solids, and carbohydrate content. After 28 days of storage, the addition of 8% DEQSF not only decreased syneresis but also maintained proper viscosity and penetration properties. The right quantity of probiotic bacteria was present in the RBO-fortified sesame yogurts that contained 8% DEQSF, and RBO-fortified sesame yogurt treated with 8% DEQSF (w/v) had a general overall acceptability score. During storage at 4 °C, all RBO-fortified sesame yogurts had nearly identical antioxidant activity to the control sesame yogurt. The addition of 8% DEQSF increased the amount of proteolysis by Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp., as evidenced by a significant increase in o-phthaldialdehyde levels. Microstructural studies confirmed the dense, compressed, homogeneous structure of the fortified sesame yogurt. To investigate the effects of RBO-supplemented, DEQSF-based yogurt on hypercholesterolemia, a hypercholesterolemic mice model was developed. Comparing animal groups that received fortified sesame yogurts to control groups, there was a significant effect on serum lipid profile as well as hepatoprotective potential. The implication was that RBO-fortified sesame yogurt could help cure hypercholesterolemia. In the end, it was discovered that 8% DEQSF (w/v) and RBO were the perfect combinations to produce sesame yogurt with an anti-obesity and hypocholesteremic impact.
Graphical Abstract
Ligand-based drug design of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as breast cancer inhibitors using QSAR modeling, molecular docking, and pharmacological profiling
Authors: Abdullahi Sagiru Hamza , Uzairu Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Uba Sani , Umar Abdullahi Bello 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the most common tumor among females globally. Its prevalence is growing around the world, and it is alleged to be the leading cause of cancer death. Approved anti-breast cancer drugs display several side effects and resistance during the early treatment stage. Hence, there is a need for the development of more effective and safer drugs. This research was aimed at designing more potent quinazolin-4(3H)-one molecules as breast cancer inhibitors using a ligand-based design approach, studying their modes of interaction with the target enzyme using molecular docking simulation, and predicting their pharmacological properties.

Methods
The QSAR model was developed using a series of quinazoline-4(3H)-one derivatives by utilizing Material Studio v8.0 software and validated both internally and externally. Applicability domain virtual screening was utilized in selecting the template molecule, which was structurally modified to design more potent molecules. The inhibitive capacities of the design molecules were predicted using the developed model. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed with the EGFR target active site residues, which were obtained from the protein data bank online server (PDB ID: 2ITO) using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) software. SwissADME and pkCSM online sites were utilized in predicting the pharmacological properties of the designed molecules.

Results
Four QSAR models were generated, and the first model was selected due to its excellent internal and external statistical parameters as follows: R2 = 0.919, R2adj = 0.898, Q2cv = 0.819, and R2pred = 0.7907. The robustness of the model was also confirmed by the result of the Y-scrambling test performed with cR2p = 0.7049. The selected model was employed to design seven molecules, with compound 4 (pIC50 = 5.18) adopted as the template. All the designed compounds exhibit better activities ranging from pIC50 = 5.43 to 5.91 compared to the template and Doruxybucin (pIC50 = 5.35). The results of molecular docking revealed better binding with the EGFR target compared with the template and Doruxybucin. The designed compounds exhibit encouraging therapeutic applicability, as evidenced by the findings of pharmacological property prediction.

Conclusions
The designed derivatives could be utilized as novel anti-breast cancer agents.
Emotional intelligence and consumer decision-making styles: the mediating role of brand trust and brand loyalty
Authors: Kankam George , Charnor Isaac Tetteh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper brings to light emotional intelligence’s impact on consumer decision-making styles during purchases. We show how brand trust (BT) and brand loyalty (BL) act as mediators between emotional intelligence (EI) and decision-making styles. We further indicate how consumers rely on emotional intelligence (EI) when purchasing products or services based on specific decision-making styles and patterns. We examine this issue by selecting customers who shop at the Accra and West Hills Malls. Seven hundred and fifty (750) respondents from the two selected malls comprised the study’s sample size. The respondents were chosen using the simple random and accidental/convenient sampling approach. The study hypotheses were examined using cross-sectional survey data. We use confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to analyze the data. We exhibit reliable information that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between BT and BL, while the relationship between brand trust and brand loyalty is more strongly mediated at higher levels of EI. The result indicates a partial mediation between emotional intelligence and decision-making style through brand loyalty. This paper aims to increase knowledge on the importance of emotional intelligence from the perspective of customers through decision-making styles.
Effect of bio-mineral oil blend quenchant on the mechanical properties of carburized mild-steel
Authors: Kolawole Maruf Yinka , Aliyu Suleman Adeniyi , Bello Sefiu Adekunle , Oladosu Kamoru Olufemi , Owoeye Ilesanmi Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effect of bio-mineral oil blend quenchants on the mechanical properties of carburized mild steel was experimentally studied and reported. The tensile, hardness, impact, and microstructural test specimens were prepared in line with ASTM standards. Prepared specimens were then buried in a 50:50% ratio mixtures of eggshell/date-seed particulates as carburizing medium in a sealed packed cylindrical crucible. The carburization was then carried out in a muffle furnace at 950 oC for 3 h soaking time at 5 °C/min heating rate and thereafter quenched in different percentage blends of bio-mineral oils. Before the mechanical test and microstructural examination, samples were tempered at 200 oC for 1 h.Results from the experimental findings revealed that water and bio-mineral oil blend quenchants significantly influenced the mechanical properties and microstructure of carburized mild steel in varying degrees depending on the quenching media. Specimen quenched in 100% groundnut oil yielded the maximum yield tensile strength (805.43 MPa) and hardness at the surface edge (173.8 HV) equivalent to 106.7 and 87.66 percentage increment however, the best combination of mechanical properties (tensile strength 738.66 MPa, strain 17.12%, hardness 169.5 HV and impact strength 51.1 J) was obtained in the specimen quenched in 60/40% groundnut oil and SAE40 oil blends respectively. The enhancement in the mechanical property was due to the grain refinement in the microstructure of the bio-mineral oils quenched specimen. The 60/40 groundnut/SAE40 oil blend is therefore recommended for metallurgical heat treatment of mild steel for critical industrial applications.
CKM and PMNS mixing matrixes from SO(2) flavor symmetry
Authors: Xu Guojun , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The relation between quark masses and CKM mixing is studied based on an approximate chiral

flavor symmetry of quark mass matrix. In mass hierarchy limit, the mass ratio effect on CKM mixing is suppressed, which separates mass hierarchy and quark flavor mixing into two independent problems. We show that CKM mixing is dominated by two left-handed

symmetries while mass hierarchy only provides slight corrections. The same mixing structure is generalized to lepton sector with extended Dirac neutrinos. The common flavor mixing provides a novel comprehension on the relation between quark CKM mixing and lepton PMNS mixing.
Gauge symmetries and the Higgs mechanism in Quantum Finance
Authors: Arraut Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
By using the Hamiltonian formulation, we demonstrate that the Merton-Garman equation emerges naturally from the Black-Scholes equation after imposing invariance (symmetry) under local (gauge) transformations over changes in the stock price. This is the case because imposing gauge symmetry implies the appearance of an additional field, which corresponds to the stochastic volatility. The gauge symmetry then imposes some constraints over the free parameters of the Merton-Garman Hamiltonian. Finally, we analyze how the stochastic volatility gets massive dynamically via Higgs mechanism.
Spinal column and midbrain integration for long duration space missions
Authors: Richardson Tauhid 
Published: August 2023

Background: Deep space missions produce atrophied postural muscles and cognitive and proprioception losses. Lumbar and hip injury as well as limbic system dysregulation may result. In microgravity, the Neutral Body Position is the spinal baseline for the prone-position cycle, where the astronaut’s lumbar muscles and audio and visual-spatial centers can be informed through a virtual reality interface. Methods: The exercise can be reproduced as a low-fidelity space simulation in a epsom-salt float tank. MRI and ultrasound imaging of the spine at the start of the 4-week program can be compared to the imaged results upon program completion. Any contractile tightening would be evident in shortened IVD (intervertebral distances) in post-procedure MRI results. The terrestrial gravity cycling instrument establishes an effective baseline for determining anthropomorphic tolerances, the necessary workout duration and resistance levels in zero gravity. Results: An exercise regimen performed on an ergonomically-designed cycle can limit the stresses to demineralized postural bones thus reducing the risk of in-flight and post-flight fractures. The redistribution of spinal fluids is a specific focus of this exercise instrument. It's postulated that the secondary effect of reduced spinal fluid shifts are lower optic nerve and cranial pressures and the tertiary effect is the reduction of neuro-cognitive and cardio-vascular stresses brought on by weightlessness. Conclusions: The biomechanism of spinal fluid’s dynamic flow across a lower pressure gradient may be the cause of increased fluid volume in the spinal canal. This cycling exercise lessens the physical impact to areas of BMD depletion such as the hip socket. The exercise can maintain spinal flexibility, fluid stasis and posture. Human body systems affected by microgravity could be assisted with Virtual Reality (VR) inputs. The limbic system receives comprehensive, targeted sensory information that enables reorganization of neuronal networks that may serve to change dysregulated human immune, spatio-temporal, and cognitive systems.