bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Withdrawn as duplicate: Post-yield softening of bending-dominated metal metamaterials
Authors: Zhong H Z , Li C W , Das R , Gu J F , Qian M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article has been withdrawn due to a publisher error that caused the article to be duplicated. The definitive version of this article is published under DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad075.
THE IMPACT OF NEW ICRU95 QUANTITIES AND SPECTRUM DATA ON THE DOSIMETRIC QUANTITIES OF THE NEUTRON REFERENCE FIELDS AT PTB
Authors: Al Qaaod Amer A , Reginatto Marcel , Zbořil Miroslav , Zimbal Andreas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In 2020, the ICRU released a new report which includes the re-definition of the operational quantities used in radiation protection and new conversion coefficients from physical quantities to operational radiation protection quantities. An assessment of the ambient and personal dose conversion coefficients for the reference neutron fields of radionuclide sources at PTB is necessary based on these new definitions. In this work, a numerical estimation of the conversion coefficients of moderated and unmoderated 252Cf and 241Am-Be neutron sources based on ICRU57 and ICRU95 reports and using spectrum data available in the ISO 8529-1 standard and at PTB are discussed. Two numerical approaches are used for this estimation to ensure the reliability of the calculated values: a direct calculation using MCNP6, and cubic interpolation of conversion coefficients datasets written in Python. The results show large differences between the spectrum-averaged operational quantities for the current and new conversion coefficients of up to 23%. The choice of spectrum data affects conversion coefficient values by 6–8%.
Sleep biomarkers for stress-induced vulnerability to depression
Authors: Claverie Damien , Becker Chrystel , Ghestem Antoine , Coutan Mathieu , Bernard Christophe , Trousselard Marion , Benoliel Jean-Jacques , Canini Frédéric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStress can push individuals close to the threshold to depression. An individual’s intrinsic vulnerability before a stressful event determines how close they come to the threshold of depression. Identification of vulnerability biomarkers at early (before the stressful event) and late (close to the threshold after the stressful event) stages would allow for corrective actions. Social defeat is a stressful event that triggers vulnerability to depression in half of exposed rats. We analyzed the sleep properties of rats before (baseline) and after (recovery) social defeat by telemetry electroencephalogram recordings. Using Gaussian partitioning, we identified three non-rapid eye movement stages (N-S1, N-S2, and N-S3) in rats based on a sleep depth index (relative δ power) and a cortical activity index (fractal dimension). We found (1) that, at baseline, N-S3 lability and high-θ relative power in wake identified, with 82% accuracy, the population of rats that will become vulnerable to depression after social defeat, and (2) that, at recovery, N-S1 instability identified vulnerable rats with 83% accuracy. Thus, our study identified early and late sleep biomarkers of vulnerability to depression, opening the way to the development of treatments at a prodromal stage for high sensitivity to stress, and for stress-induced vulnerability to depression.
Pharmacologic Interventions to Prevent Delirium in Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zitikyte Gabriele , Roy Danielle C. , Tran Alexandre , Fernando Shannon M. , Rosenberg Erin , Kanji Salmaan , Engels Paul T. , Wells George A. , Vaillancourt Christian 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To compare the relative efficacy of pharmacologic interventions in the prevention of delirium in ICU trauma patients.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Embase, and Cochrane Registry of Clinical Trials from database inception until June 7, 2022. We included randomized controlled trials comparing pharmacologic interventions in critically ill trauma patients.

STUDY SELECTION:
Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines for network analysis were followed. Random-effects models were fit using a Bayesian approach to network meta-analysis. Between-group comparisons were estimated using hazard ratios (HRs) for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences for continuous outcomes, each with 95% credible intervals. Treatment rankings were estimated for each outcome in the form of surface under the cumulative ranking curve values.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
A total 3,541 citations were screened; six randomized clinical trials (n = 382 patients) were included. Compared with combined propofol-dexmedetomidine, there may be no difference in delirium prevalence with dexmedetomidine (HR 1.44, 95% CI 0.39–6.94), propofol (HR 2.38, 95% CI 0.68–11.36), nor haloperidol (HR 3.38, 95% CI 0.65–21.79); compared with dexmedetomidine alone, there may be no effect with propofol (HR 1.66, 95% CI 0.79–3.69) nor haloperidol (HR 2.30, 95% CI 0.88–6.61).

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this network meta-analysis suggest that there is no difference found between pharmacologic interventions on delirium occurrence, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, or mortality, in trauma ICU patients.
Comparative effectiveness of different hepatocellular carcinoma screening intervals or modalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jichun , Yang Zhirong , Zeng Xueyang , Yu Shuqing , Gao Le , Jiang Yu , Sun Feng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
Current guidelines recommend hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening in high-risk populations. However, the ideal HCC screening interval and screening modality have not been determined. This study aimed to compare the screening efficacy among different modalities with various intervals.

Methods:
PubMed and other nine databases were searched through June 30, 2021. Binary outcomes were pooled using risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Survival rates were also pooled using RR with 95% CIs because most eligible studies only provided the number of survival patients instead of hazard ratio.

Results:
In all, 13 studies were included. Two random controlled trials (RCTs) and six cohort studies compared screening intervals for ultrasonography (US) screening and found no differences between shorter (3- or 4-month) and longer (6- or 12-month) screening intervals in terms of early HCC proportion, HCC Significant mortality, 1-year survival rate; screening at 6-month interval significantly increased the proportion of early HCC (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08–1.26) and prolonged the 5-year survival rate (RR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07–1.82) relative to the 12-month interval results. Three other RCTs and two cohort studies compared different screening modalities in cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B, which indicated no statistical differences in the proportion of early HCC (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.40–1.96) and HCC mortality (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.23–2.09) between the biannual US and annual computed tomography (CT screening). Biannual US screening showed a lower proportion of early HCC than biannual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37–0.97) and biannual US combined with annual CT (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13–1.51) screening. The proportion of early HCC in the contrast-enhanced US group was slightly higher than that in the B-mode US (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00–1.23) group.

Conclusions:
The evidence suggests that 6 months may be the best HCC screening interval for US screening. The effectiveness of CT and MRI is better than US during same screening intervals. However, MRI and CT are more expensive than US, and CT also can increase the risk of radiation exposure. The selection of CT or MRI instead of US should be carefully considered.
Generic Medicinal Products in Immunosuppressive Therapy—Should It be a Challenge for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring?
Authors: Kocur Arkadiusz , Kunicki Paweł K. , Pawiński Tomasz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Immunosuppressants have a narrow therapeutic index (NTIDs). Indisputably cyclosporine, tacrolimus, everolimus, and sirolimus have NTIDs, and only in the case of mycophenolic acid, a scientific discussion has not been yet concluded. Their specificities highlight the implications for generics introduced into the drug market, more precisely, with bioequivalence testing. In the European Union, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) released the “Guideline on the Investigation of Bioequivalence.” The bioequivalence (BE) of the generic (tested, T) versus original (reference, R) product should be confirmed by obtaining a 90% confidence interval (CI) for the T:R ratio of each of the 2 decisive pharmacokinetic parameters, namely, the area under the curve (AUC) between 90.00% and 111.11%. A similar approach (90.00%–112.00%) for AUC was adopted by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) for NTIDs; however, the US Food and Drug Administration is still based on classic acceptance criteria: 90% CI between 80.00% and 125.00% but with special requirements of BE testing. A discussion about long-expected global consensus was performed in this study based on the literature concerning BE testing in the case of NTIDs. The narrow acceptance criteria reduce the potential mean difference in bioavailability between generic and original products by a few percent. To identify this problem, special attention has been paid to switching drugs (generic–generic, original–generic) and therapeutic drug monitoring after conversion (TDM). There is no global consensus on the acceptance criteria for the BE of generic drugs; therefore, consensus and harmonization are strictly necessary. This study presents a review of the generic drug market and its classification by manufacturers, drug agencies, and dates of marketing authorization. Guidelines for TDM optimization (during switching/conversion) have been proposed. Physicians and clinical pharmacists should pay special attention to switching immunosuppressive drugs between original versus generic formulations, and generic versus generic formulations. Patients and their families should be educated on the risks associated with uncontrolled conversion.
Approach to Multimorbidity Burden Classification and Outcomes in Older Adults With Heart Failure
Authors: Tisminetzky Mayra , Gurwitz Jerry H. , Tabada Grace , Reynolds Kristi , Smith David H. , Sung Sue Hee , Goldberg Robert , Go Alan S. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The optimal approach to classifying multimorbidity burden in assessing treatment-associated outcomes using real-world data remains uncertain. We assessed whether 2 measurement approaches to characterize multimorbidity influenced observed associations of β-blocker use with outcomes in adults with heart failure (HF).

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study on adults with HF from 4 integrated health care delivery systems. Multimorbidity burden was characterized by either (1) simple counts of chronic conditions or (2) a weighted multiple chronic conditions score using data from electronic health records. We assessed the impact of these 2 approaches to characterizing multimorbidity on associations between exposure to β-blockers and subsequent all-cause death, hospitalization for HF, and hospitalization for any cause.

Results:
The study population characterized by a count of chronic conditions included 9988 adults with HF who had a mean (SD) age of 76.4 (12.5) years, with 48.7% women and 24.7% racial/ethnic minorities. The cohort characterized by weighted multiple chronic conditions included 10,082 adults with HF who had a mean (SD) age of 76.4 (12.4) years, 48.9% women, and 25.5% racial/ethnic minorities. The multivariable associations of risks of death or hospitalizations for HF or for any cause associated with incident β-blocker use were similar regardless of how multimorbidity burden was characterized.

Conclusions:
Simple counts of chronic conditions performed similarly to a weighted multimorbidity score in predicting outcomes using real-world data to examine clinical outcomes associated with β-blocker therapy in HF. Our findings challenge conventional wisdom that more complex measures of multimorbidity are always necessary to characterize patients in observational studies examining therapy-associated outcomes.
The association between sense of coherence and health outcomes among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Lv Jinghong , Qian Min , Deng Mengying , Yu Mingming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence of the association between the sense of coherence (SOC) and health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods:
Six databases, including PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, CINAHL Plus with full text (EBSCO), OVID, and the Cochrane Library, were thoroughly searched. The checklist developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the quality of the relevant studies.

Results:
Twenty-nine studies were included in this review. Generally, higher SOC levels are associated with better physical health (less symptom reporting, better functional status, less disability, better daily activity ability, less pain, better sleep quality, and better oral health) and better psychological health (less perceived stress, more positive self-perception of aging, less depression, and less posttraumatic stress reaction) in older adults. Higher SOC levels are also correlated with greater preventive/self-management behaviors ability, subjective well-being, adjustment to aging later in life, cumulative survival, quality of life, life satisfaction, and self-perceived health. Higher SOC levels are a vital mediators or moderators of health in older adults.

Conclusions:
The SOC is a protective factor for the health of community-dwelling older adults. Interventions targeting improvement in SOC levels should be developed and implemented to facilitate active aging in older adults.
Mentorship is Critical
Authors: Lopez Christopher D. , Khoo Kimberly H. , Girard Alisa O. , Yusuf Cynthia , Lake Isabel V. , Redett Richard J. , Yang Robin 
Published: March 2023

Background
As the second cycle impacted by COVID-19, the 2022 Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) Match maintained virtual interviews while offering a modest lift of subinternship restrictions. The residency application process continues to evolve, with changes such as pass/fail United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 reporting prompting programs to reconsider metrics of applicant success. It is critical to address the impact of board scores, mentorship, and resource availability on a diverse applicant population in the PRS Match.

Methods
A survey was electronically administered to students applying to a single institutional PRS residency program. The survey inquired about demographics, application statistics, mentorship experience, and match outcomes. Logistic regressions were modeled to assess for odds of matching into plastic surgery.

Results
In total, 151 responses were analyzed, a 49.7% response rate. Most participants were female (52.3%), White (68.9%), and not Hispanic/Latino (84.8%). The largest percentage of respondents had a faculty mentor only from their home institution (55.0%) and a resident mentor from only their home institution (32.3%). Participants with a faculty mentor from both a home and outside institution had 7.4 times the odds of matching into PRS (P = 0.02) than students with no faculty mentorship. Students with dual-institution resident mentorship had 18.5 times higher the odds of matching compared with students with no resident mentorship (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Subjective metrics, rather than objective scores, had the most influence on successfully matching into plastic surgery. As the PRS Match continues to become increasingly competitive, it behooves programs to provide equitable access to resources such as mentorship.
The Rho GAP RRC-1 is required for the assembly or stability of integrin adhesion complexes and is a member of the PIX pathway in muscle
Authors: Moody Jasmine C. , Qadota Hiroshi , Benian Guy M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGTPases cycle between active GTP bound and inactive GDP bound forms. Exchange of GDP for GTP is catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) accelerate GTP hydrolysis, to promote the GDP bound form. Recently, we reported that the GEF called PIX is required for assembly or stability of integrin adhesion complexes (IAC) in striated muscle. A GAP for the PIX pathway had not been identified in any cell type or organism. A screen inC. elegansof mutants in 18 proteins containing Rho GAP domains and expressed in muscle revealed that loss of function ofrrc-1results in loss of IAC components at the muscle cell boundary (MCB). RRC-1 contains an SH3 domain and a Rho GAP domain, and is localized to the IACs of MCBs, like PIX-1.rrc-1mutants show reduced accumulation of IAC components at the MCB, sarcomere disorganization, and reduced whole animal locomotion. Knockdown ofgit-1, which encodes a PIX scaffold protein, reduces the level of RRC-1. Localization at MCBs of RRC-1 depends onpix-1, and the localization of PIX-1 depends onrrc-1. These results suggest that RRC-1 is a RhoGAP for the PIX pathway in muscle.
Histological examination of choroid plexus epithelia changes in schizophrenia
Authors: Williams MR , Macdonald CM , Turkheimer F 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe choroid plexus (CP) is suggested to be involved in neuroimmune regulation avia the interaction between central and peripheral inflammation. Quantitative imaging has demonstrated volumetric CP change in psychosis, schizophrenia and depression. This study histologically examines CP epithelial cell morphology in these illnesses to identify the biological source of such volumetric changes.MethodsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded FFPE blocks were obtained bilaterally from the lateral ventricles of 13 cases of sex- and age-matched brains from each of schizophrenia (SZ) with psychosis, major depressive disorder (MDD) and matched controls. FFPE blocks were sectioned at 7μm and routinely stained for H&E. Morphological analysis of 180 CP epithelia/case was conducted blindly on digital images collected x600 magnification. Calcification was assessed in all CP regions manually.ResultsLinear General Model analysis shows a significant effect of diagnosis on somal width (p=0.006, r2=0.33, adj=0.25), with a significant difference between SZ non-medicated v non-medicated NPD controls (p=0.032), demonstrating increased somal width in SZ with psychotic medication but not in unmedicated SZ cases. No effects were observed in calcification.DiscussionEpithelial cells examined were adhered to CP fibrous surface so width expansion describes the primary methods for these cells to expand with adherence to this surface. The interaction of antipsychotic medication and diagnosis demonstrates that this is an illness-specific change and mediated through the DA-system, although the mechanism is unclear at present.
Spatial architecture of high-grade glioma reveals tumor heterogeneity within distinct domains
Authors: Moffet J.J.D. , Fatunla O.E. , Freytag L. , Jones J.J. , Roberts-Thomson S. , Pavenko A. , Scoville D. , Zhang L. , Liang Y. , Morokoff A. , Whittle J.R. , Freytag S. , Best S.A. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTHigh-grade gliomas are aggressive primary brain cancers with poor response to standard regimens, driven by immense heterogeneity. In isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type high-grade glioma (glioblastoma, GBM), increased intra-tumoral heterogeneity is associated with more aggressive disease. Recently, spatial technologies have emerged to dissect this complex heterogeneity within the tumor ecosystem by preserving cellular organizationin situ. Here, we construct a high-resolution molecular landscape of GBM andIDH-mutant high-grade glioma patient samples to investigate the cellular subtypes and spatial communities that compose high-grade glioma using digital spatial profiling and spatial molecular imaging. This uncovered striking diversity of the tumor and immune microenvironment, that is embodied by the heterogeneity of the inferred copy-number alterations in the tumor. Reconstructing the tumor architecture revealed two distinct niches, one composed of tumor cell states that most closely resemble normal glial cells, associated with microglia; and the other niche populated by monocytes and mesenchymal tumor cells. We further reveal that communication between tumor and immune cells is underpinned by tumor-specific ligands, such as TGFβ signaling in astrocyte-like tumor cells. This primary study reveals high levels of intra-tumoral heterogeneity in high-grade gliomas, associated with a diverse immune landscape within spatially localized regions.
Whole-genome duplications and the long-term evolution of gene regulatory networks in angiosperms
Authors: Almeida-Silva Fabricio , Van de Peer Yves 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAngiosperms have a complex history of whole-genome duplications (WGDs), with varying numbers and ages of WGD events across clades. These WGDs have greatly affected the composition of plant genomes due to the biased retention of genes belonging to certain functional categories following their duplication. In particular, regulatory genes and genes encoding proteins that act in multiprotein complexes have been retained in excess following WGD. Here, we inferred protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and gene regulatory networks (GRNs) for seven well-characterized angiosperm species and explored the impact of both WGD and small-scale duplications (SSD) in network topology by analyzing changes in frequency of network motifs. We found that PPI networks are enriched in WGD-derived genes associated with dosage-sensitive intricate systems, and strong selection pressures constrain the divergence of WGD-derived genes at the sequence and PPI levels. WGD-derived genes in network motifs are mostly associated with dosage-sensitive processes, such as regulation of transcription and cell cycle, translation, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism, while SSD-derived genes in motifs are associated with response to biotic and abiotic stress. Recent polyploids have higher motif frequencies than ancient polyploids, while WGD-derived network motifs tend to be disrupted on the longer term. Our findings demonstrate that both WGD and SSD have contributed to the evolution of angiosperm GRNs, but in different ways, with WGD events likely having a more significant impact on the short-term evolution of polyploids.