bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-house 3D-printed custom splints for non-operative treatment of distal radial fractures: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Guebeli Alissa , Thieringer Florian , Honigmann Philipp , Keller Marco 
Published: July 2023

We compared patient satisfaction and clinical effectiveness of 3D-printed splints made of photopolymer resin to conventional fibre glass casts in treating distal radial fractures. A total of 39 patients with minimally displaced distal radius fractures were included and randomized. Of them, 20 were immobilized in a fibre glass cast and 19 in a 3D-printed forearm splint. The 3D-printed splints were custom-designed based on forearm surface scanning with a handheld device and printed in-house using digital light processing printing technology. Patient satisfaction and clinical effectiveness were assessed with questionnaires 1 and 6 weeks after the initiation of immobilization. Fracture healing, pain, range of motion, grip strength and the DASH and PRWE scores were assessed up to 1-year follow-up. 3D-printed splints proved to be equally well tolerated by the patients and equally clinically effective as conventional fibre glass casts although there was a higher rate of minor complications. 3D-printed splints present a safe alternative, especially in young, active patients, for non-operative treatment of distal radial fractures. Level of evidence: I
Efficiency of a virtual fracture care protocol in non-operative treatment of adult patients with a distal radial fracture
Authors: Willinge Gijs J. A. , Spierings Jelle F. , Weert Ton , Twigt Bas A. , Goslings J. Carel , van Veen Ruben N. 
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to determine the effects of virtual fracture care (VFC) on secondary healthcare utilization in non-operative treatment of adult patients with a distal radial fracture. A retrospective cohort study was performed, including those who received non-operative treatment without VFC (pre-VFC) and with VFC (VFC). Outcomes included secondary healthcare utilization, calculated treatment costs, emergency department (ED) reattendances and complication rates. In total, 88 pre-VFC and 99 VFC patients were included. Pre-VFC patients had more follow-up appointments, with a median of 4 (IQR: 3) versus a median of 4 (IQR: 1) in VFC patients. In addition, 3% of follow-up appointments for pre-VFC patients were performed remotely compared to 18% for VFC patients. Complications and ED reattendances were comparable between groups. In this study, non-operative treatment of adult patients with a distal radial fracture through VFC reduced secondary healthcare utilization, with similar reported complication and ED reattendance rates compared with treatment without VFC. Level of evidence: III
Mechanisms hypothesized for pain-relieving effects of exercise in fibromyalgia: a scoping review
Authors: Neelapala Yuva Venkata Raghava , Mercuri Domenico , Macedo Luciana , Hanna Steven , Kobsar Dylan , Carlesso Lisa 
Published: July 2023

Background: Exercise is one of the most recommended management strategies by treatment guidelines for fibromyalgia (FM); however, the mechanism through which exercise improves pain in FM is still unknown. Objective: We aimed to summarize the hypothesized theoretical mechanisms for the pain-relieving effects of exercise in people with FM. Eligibility Criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English reporting mechanisms for pain-relieving effects of exercise in the ‘Introduction’ and ‘Discussion’ sections and significant within- group or between-group effects of exercise interventions were included. Sources of Evidence: We searched the databases Ovid MEDLINE(R), EMBASE, CINAHL, COCHRANE, Sports Discuss, and AMED with the keywords: exercise and fibromyalgia until December 2021. Charting Methods: Two authors independently performed title/abstract, full-text review, and data abstraction using a data abstraction form. The hypothesized mechanisms from individual studies were grouped into three categories. Results: The literature search resulted in 2147 studies, out of which 220 studies were considered for full-text review. A total of 50 RCTs proposing 29 unique mechanisms for the pain-relieving effects of exercise were included. These mechanisms were divided into three categories: physical, neuro-physiological, and psychological. The neuro-physiological category was further subdivided into exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH), pain sensitization, the autonomic system, the immune system, the endocrine system, and miscellaneous categories. The most frequently hypothesized mechanisms were EIH ( n = 15), autonomic modulation ( n = 7), improved sleep ( n = 6), muscle oxygenation ( n = 6), self-efficacy ( n = 5), mental health ( n = 4), and benefits of the aquatic environment ( n = 12). While all exercise interventions involved FM patients, most of the supporting evidence for these mechanisms was cited from previous studies conducted on healthy samples. No studies performed analyses to demonstrate causal associations between the mechanisms and outcomes. Conclusion: Multiple mechanisms were hypothesized for the positive influence of exercise in people with FM. Future studies using causal analyses, such as mediation analysis, are recommended to validate these mechanisms.
The Essential Oil Composition of Anthriscus caucalis M. Bieb. (Apiaceae) Growing Wild in Southwestern Idaho
Authors: Swor Kathy , Satyal Prabodh , Setzer William N 
Published: July 2023

Background Anthriscus caucalis is a non-native plant in North America with invasive potential. As part of our interests in essential oils of the Great Basin, a wild-growing sample of A. caucalis was collected in southwestern Idaho. Methods The essential of A. caucalis was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatographic methods (GC–MS, GC–FID, and chiral GC–MS). Results The major components in the essential oil were cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (42.3%), myrcene (20.4%), cis-chrysanthenol (6.7%), α-pinene (4.2%), and ( E)-β-farnesene (4.2%). (+)-α-Thujene, (+)-α-pinene, (+)-sabinene, (+)-limonene, (−)-β-phellandrene, (−)-bornyl acetate, (−)-( E)-β-caryophyllene, and (−)-germacrene D were the predominant enantiomers in the essential oil. Conclusion The essential oil composition of A. caucalis from Idaho is similar to those from Europe, but markedly different from A. caucalis from China. The enantiomeric distributions are comparable to those reported in other essential oils of the Apiaceae.
Investigating Rape Myth in the Prism of the Big Five Factors of Personality: An Explorative Study
Authors: Das Ivan , Bhattacharjee Anjana 
Published: July 2023

Background: A society’s perception of rape is largely determined by Rape Myth, an important psychological construct, whose endorsement promotes rape supportive attitudes among people. Again, the extent of people perceiving the various forms of sexual interactions are also largely affected by different personality dispositions. Aim: The present study attempts to assess the impacts of the big five factors of personality (often termed as the OCEAN factors) on people’s acceptance of rape myths. Method and Materials: A total 608 young adults (370 males and 238 females), who are the students of colleges and universities in Tripura, India participated in this study and were administered with the updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Scale and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory in order to measure the aforesaid study variables. Statistical Analyses: Product moment correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were conducted to fulfil the objectives of the study. Results and Conclusion: Results in the Structural Equation Modeling model revealed that RMA is significantly correlated to and predicted by the neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness factors of personality. However, RMA and the conscientiousness factor were not found to be significantly related. While neuroticism was positively correlated to RMA, a negative correlation was found between the RMA and the other four factors of personality. The findings add concrete knowledge to what was known about rape-supportive attitudes till date. The study shall serve as crucial literature to future works on rape and rape myths.
A late-surviving phytosaur from the northern Atlantic rift reveals climate constraints on Triassic reptile biogeography
Authors: Brownstein Chase Doran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe origins of all major living reptile clades, including the one leading to birds, lie in the Triassic. Following the largest mass extinction in Earth’s history at the end of the Permian, the earliest definite members of the three major living reptile clades, the turtles (Testudines), crocodylians and birds (Archosauria), and lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians, and Tuatara (Lepidosauria) appeared. Recent analyses of the Triassic reptile fossil record suggest that the earliest diversifications in all three of these clades were tightly controlled by abrupt paleoclimate fluctuations and concordant environmental changes. Yet, this has only been preliminarily tested using information from evolutionary trees. Phytosauria consists of superficially crocodylian-like archosaurs that either form the sister to the crown or are the earliest divergence on the crocodylian stem and are present throughout the Triassic, making this clade an excellent test case for examining this biogeographic hypothesis.ResultsHere, I describe a new phytosaur,Jupijkam paleofluvialisgen. et sp. nov., from the Late Triassic of Nova Scotia, Canada, which at that time sat in northern Pangaea near the northern terminus of the great central Pangean rift. As one of the northernmost occurrences of Phytosauria,J. paleofluvialisprovides critical new biogeographic data that enables revised estimations of phytosaur historical biogeography along phylogenies of this clade built under multiple methodologies. Reconstructions of phytosaur historical biogeography based on different phylogenies and biogeographic models suggest that phytosaurs originated in northern Pangaea, spread southward, and then dispersed back northward at least once more during the Late Triassic.ConclusionsThe results presented in this study link phytosaur biogeography to major changes to Triassic global climate and aridity. Together with the earliest dinosaurs and several other reptile lineages, phytosaur diversification and migration appear to have been restricted by the formation and loss of arid belts across the Pangean supercontinent.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of SRLK gene family reveal their roles in self-incompatibility of Erigeron breviscapus
Authors: Xiang Chenggang , Tao Hongzheng , Wang Tiantao , Meng Hengling , Guan Dejun , Li He , Wei Xiang , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelf-incompatibility (SI) is a reproductive protection mechanism that plants acquired during evolution to prevent self-recession. As the female determinant of SI specificity, SRK has been shown to be the only recognized gene on the stigma and plays important roles in SI response. Asteraceae is the largest family of dicotyledonous plants, many of which exhibit self-incompatibility. However, systematic studies on SRK gene family in Asteraceae are still limited due to lack of high-quality genomic data. In this study, we performed the first systematic genome-wide identification of S-locus receptor like kinases (SRLKs) in the self-incompatible Asteraceae species, Erigeron breviscapus, which is also a widely used perennial medicinal plant endemic to China.52 SRLK genes were identified in the E. breviscapus genome. Structural analysis revealed that the EbSRLK proteins in E. breviscapus are conserved. SRLK proteins from E. breviscapus and other SI plants are clustered into 7 clades, and the majority of the EbSRLK proteins are distributed in Clade I. Chromosomal and duplication analyses indicate that 65% of the EbSRLK genes belong to tandem repeats and could be divided into six tandem gene clusters. Gene expression patterns obtained in E. breviscapus multiple-tissue RNA-Seq data revealed differential temporal and spatial features of EbSRLK genes. Among these, two EbSRLK genes having high expression levels in tongue flowers were cloned. Subcellular localization assay demonstrated that both of their fused proteins are localized on the plasma membrane. All these results indicated that EbSRLK genes possibly involved in SI response in E. breviscapus. This comprehensive genome-wide study of the SRLK gene family in E. breviscapus provides valuable information for understanding the mechanism of SSI in Asteraceae.
Differences in the components of metabolic syndrome by age and sex: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of a cohort of middle-aged and older Japanese adults
Authors: Hiramatsu Yuji , Ide Hiroo , Furui Yuji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Japan, a super-aged society, is increasing and poses a major public health issue. Several studies have reported sex differences in the association between age and MetS prevalence. This study aimed to examine the association between age and the prevalence of MetS based on multiple screening criteria and MetS components by sex.

Methods
We used 6 years of individual-level longitudinal follow-up data (June 2012 to November 2018; checkup year: 2012–2017) of middle-aged and older adults aged 40–75 years in Japan (N = 161,735). The Joint Interim Statement criteria, International Diabetes Federation criteria, and another set of criteria excluding central obesity were used as the screening criteria for MetS. The prevalence of MetS and MetS components was cross-sectionally analyzed according to sex and age. A longitudinal association analysis of age, MetS, and MetS components by sex was performed using a multilevel logistic model, adjusted for lifestyle- and regional-related factors.

Results
Sex differences were observed in the prevalence and association of MetS and MetS components. In all age groups, the prevalence of central obesity was higher among women, and the prevalence of high blood pressure and fasting glucose was higher among men (P < 0.001). The prevalence of high triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher among women aged > 60 years (P < 0.05). Based on the criteria of the Joint Interim Statement and International Diabetes Federation, the prevalence of MetS was higher among women than in men aged > 55 years (P < 0.001). Men had a higher prevalence of MetS without central obesity than women in all age groups (P < 0.001). The odds ratio for MetS and MetS components with aging was greater among women than in men.

Conclusions
Medical management should be based on the prevalence of MetS and its components according to sex and age. In particular, the high prevalence of MetS without central obesity in middle-aged and older Japanese men suggests that the adoption of the Joint Interim Statement criteria, which do not precondition central obesity, should be considered.
High incidence of fosfomycin-resistant uropathogenic E. coli among children
Authors: Abdelraheem Wedad M. , Mahdi W. K.M , Abuelela Ibtehal S. , Hassuna Noha Anwar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
There are few epidemiological or molecular data on Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains resistant to fosfomycin. In this study, we described the occurrence and characterization of fosfomycin-resistant uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolated from children.

Materials and methods
This study was carried out on 96 E. coli isolates obtained from children with urinary tract infections. Two methods were performed to detect fosfomycin resistance: The agar dilution method and the rapid fosfomycin test. The disc diffusion method was done to detect the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of all isolates. The phylogenetic grouping of all isolates was done according to the modified Clermont method. Conventional PCR was performed to detect plasmid-mediated fosfomycin-resistant genes (fos genes) and the blaCTX−M gene.

Results
Analyses of data were performed by SPSS software. A high percentage of fosfomycin resistance (37/96; 38.5%) was reported among UPEC isolates. The fosfomycin-resistant strains showed a higher resistance rate than fosfomycin-susceptible isolates to different antibiotics. E group (62.2%) was the most predominant phylogenetic group among the fosfomycin-resistant UPEC isolates, followed by Group B2 (21.6%) and group D (13.5%). The fos genes were detected in 21 isolates with the fosA3 gene as the most frequent, which was detected in 11 isolates followed by fosA (8), fosC2 (4), fosA4(1), and fosA5(1) genes.

Conclusion
This is the first report of a high prevalence of plasmid-mediated fosfomycin-resistant UPEC in Egypt. All of these isolates were multidrug-resistant to the tested antibiotics. Close monitoring of such strains is mandatory to prevent widespread dissemination of the genes code for antibiotic resistance.
High NANOG expression correlates with worse patients’ survival in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Knipper Karl , Damanakis Alexander I. , Lyu Su Ir , Simon Adrian Georg , Wahler Isabell , Bruns Christiane J. , Schröder Wolfgang , Schmidt Thomas , Quaas Alexander 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer demonstrate a low overall survival even despite the established multimodal therapy as the current standard of care. Therefore, further biomarkers for patients with high-risk and additional therapy options are needed. NANOG is a transcription factor, which can be found in stem cells and is known to support tumorigenesis.

Methods
Six hundred sixty patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, who were operated at the University of Cologne with a curative intent, were included. Immunohistochemical stainings for NANOG were performed. The study population was divided into NANOG-positive and -negative subgroups.

Results
Positive NANOG expression correlates significantly with worse overall survival (p = 0.002) and could be confirmed as an independent risk factor for worse patient survival in multivariate analysis (HR = 1.40, 95%CI = 1.09–1.80, p = 0.006). This effect could be detected in the subgroup of primarily operated patients, but not in patients after neoadjuvant therapy.

Conclusions
We describe a NANOG-positive subgroup of patients with esophageal cancer, who exhibit worse overall survival in a large patient cohort. This discovery suggests the potential use of NANOG as a biomarker for both intensified therapy and stricter follow-up regimes. Additionally, NANOG-positive stem cell-like cancer cells could be used as a new antitumoral treatment target if validated in mechanistic and clinical studies.
Hospital healthcare experiences of children and young people with life-threatening or life-shortening conditions, and their parents: scoping reviews and resultant conceptual frameworks
Authors: Mukherjee Suzanne , Richardson Natalie , Beresford Bryony 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Patient experience is a core component of healthcare quality. Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are increasingly used to assess this, but there are few paediatric PREMs. This paper reports the first stage of developing two such measures, one for children and young people (0–18 years) (CYP) with a life-threatening or life-shortening condition (LT/LSC), and one for their parents. It comprised parallel scoping reviews of qualitative evidence on the elements of health service delivery and care that matter to, or impact on, CYP (Review 1) and parents (Review 2).

Methods
Medline and PsychINFO (1/1/2010 – 11/8/2020) and CINAHL Complete (1/1/2010 – 4/7/2020) were searched and records identified screened against inclusion criteria. A thematic approach was used to manage and analyse relevant data, informed by existing understandings of patient/family experiences as comprising aspects of staff’s attributes, their actions and behaviours, and organisational features. The objective was to identity the data discrete elements of health service delivery and care which matter to, or impact on, CYP or parents which, when organised under higher order conceptual domains, created separate conceptual frameworks.

Results
18,531 records were identified. Sparsity of data on community-based services meant the reviews focused only on hospital-based (inpatient and outpatient) experiences. 53 studies were included in Review 1 and 64 in Review 2. For Review 1 (CYP), 36 discrete elements of healthcare experience were identified and organized under 8 higher order domains (e.g. staff’s empathetic qualities; information-sharing/decision making; resources for socializing/play). In Review 2 (parents), 55 elements were identified and organized under 9 higher order domains. Some domains were similar to those identified in Review 1 (e.g. professionalism; information-sharing/decision-making), others were unique (e.g. supporting parenting; access to additional support).

Conclusions
Multiple and wide-ranging aspects of the way hospital healthcare is organized and delivered matters to and impacts on CYP with LT/LSCs, and their parents. The aspects that matter differ between CYP and parents, highlighting the importance of measuring and understanding CYP and parent experience seperately. These findings are key to the development of patient/parent experience measures for this patient population and the resultant conceptual frameworks have potential application in service development.
Prevalence and drivers of female genital mutilation/cutting in three coastal governorates in Yemen
Authors: Al-Taj Mansour Abdu , Al-hadari Motahar Hassan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), a violation of human rights, remains common in the coastal areas of Yemen.

Objective
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of FGM/C and its risk factors among the youngest daughters in families in the Yemeni coastal areas, as well as the knowledge and attitudes of the local population towards FGM/C.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 646 women and 345 men from six districts in three Yemeni coastal governorates between July and September 2020 using a structured questionnaire. Categorical data were described by proportion. The chi-square test was used to identify factors associated with FGM/C. All factors with a p-value of ≤ 0.05 were included in the multivariate analysis. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in the multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
The prevalence of FGM/C in Yemeni coastal areas was 89.0% (95% CI 84.0%-92.5%) among women and 79.8% (95% CI 73.5%-84.8%) among the youngest daughters in the surveyed families. Nearly two-thirds of women and half of the men recorded a poor knowledge level about the harms of FGM/C. Furthermore, almost two-thirds of both women and men would like to continue the practice of FGM/C. Among women, significant predictors of FGM/C among youngest daughters included advanced maternal age of ≥ 40 years (AOR 7.16, 95% CI 2.73–18.76), mother’s desire to continue FGM/C (AOR 8.07, 95% CI 3.64–17.89), and living in a rural area (AOR 3.95, 95% CI 1.51–10.30). Daughters of mothers who did not undergo FGM/C were more protected from FGM/C than those whose mothers had undergone FGM/C (AOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02–0.09). Among men, the father’s desire to continue FGM/C (AOR 15.10, 95% CI 6.06–37.58) was significantly associated with FGM/C among the youngest daughters.

Conclusion
This study confirmed that FGM/C is still prevalent among communities in Yemeni coastal areas. Thus, community-based interventions with a focus on the rural population are vital to improving the awareness of various harms of FGM/C.