bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental plaque removal efficiency of microcurrent-emitting toothbrushes in orthodontic patients: a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial
Authors: Kim Ji-Hoi , Yu Jae-Hun , Mangal Utkarsh , Liu Jing , Jung Hyo-Jung , Cha Jung-Yul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of microcurrent-emitting toothbrushes (MCTs) and ordinary toothbrushes in reducing the dental plaque index (PI) and dental caries activity among orthodontic patients. The evaluation was performed using a crossover study design involving 22 orthodontic patients randomly assigned to the MCT or ordinary toothbrush groups. The participants used the designated toothbrush for 4 weeks and had a 1-week wash-out time before crossover to the other toothbrush. PI (Attin’s index) and dental caries activity were measured at baseline and at the end of each 4-week period. Additionally, patients completed questionnaires to assess patient satisfaction for “freshness in mouth” and “cleansing degree.” The results showed that the MCT group had a significant reduction in PI (p=0.009), whereas the ordinary toothbrush group did not (p=0.595). There was no significant difference in the dental caries activity between the two groups (p>0.05).Patient satisfaction assessment revealed that 65% patients in the MCT group had more than “fair” experience of freshness, in contrast to 50% of patients in the ordinary toothbrush group. Satisfaction with cleansing degree was similar in both groups. Overall, these findings suggest that MCTs are more effective in reducing dental PI than ordinary toothbrushes.
Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms for coverage and connectivity aware relay node placement in cluster-based wireless sensor networks
Authors: Harizan Subash , Kuila Pratyay , Kumar Anil , Khare Akhilendra , Choudhary Harshvardhan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been extensively explored due to their incredible capabilities and ever-growing field of applications. In cluster-based WSNs, cluster heads (CHs) deplete their energy quickly due to the extra workload of data aggregation and data forwarding as relay node from the member sensor nodes (SNs). While placing the RNs in the application areas to form the clusters, coverage of all the SNs and connectivity amongst the RNs are essential for proper function of the networks. Moreover, reducing the inter-cluster distances between the RNs and SNs is important to save the transmission energy of the SNs. Moreover, the problem of placement of RNs in cluster-based WSNs is known as NP-Hard. To solve the RN deployment problem with multiple conflicting objectives, we propose various evolutionary algorithms (EAs) like differential evolution (DE), particle swarm optimization (PSO), multi-objective DE (MODE) and multi-objective PSO (MOPSO). First, mathematical formulation of the problem is given. The solution vectors are efficiently encoded. All the objective functions are efficiently derived to evaluate the solution vectors. An extensive simulation is performed over the proposed algorithms. The results are analysed to determine the robust algorithm to be recommended for studied problem. The simulated results claimed that the MODE is comparably better to others for the studied problem. A statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) is also performed followed by the least significant difference (LSD) post-hoc analysis.
Wearable Flexible Jeans Textile Microstrip Patch Antenna for ISM band Application
Authors: Fakirde Avish , Mulkallal Saikumar , Sahare Parul , Peshwe Paritosh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel miniaturized, flexible wearable rectangular patch antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for wireless body area network application. The resonance frequency and bandwidth of this antenna, which operates in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) frequency band, are 2.45 GHz and 0.379 GHz, respectively. One of the most commonly utilized fabrics for wearable antenna, denim jeans is used as the substrate whereas copper tape is used for fabricating the patch, feed and ground for the designed antenna. The patch antenna has rectangular and circular slots and a deflected ground structure (DGS) featuring a split ring resonator. The antenna is feed via a 50Ω microstrip line. The antenna measures 31 × 42 × 0.6 mm3 (0.25λo mm x 0.34λo mm x 0.005λo mm) in total. The designed antenna operates at the required frequency while maintaining high levels of directivity, gain, and Reflection Coefficient (S11), with values of 2.93 dBi, 2.627 dBi, and - 41.723 dB, respectively. The antenna has a radiation efficiency of 90.86%.To determine if the antenna was suitable for wearable use, its performance was examined under various bending conditions for varied radii of curvature. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of the final antenna was tested and found to be 0.0548w/kg for 1g of tissue, which is well acceptable according to IEEE and FCC regulations. The antenna was designed and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology software and tested using a vector network analyzer. This paper contains the experimental results from the antenna prototype as well as a detailed description of the proposed antenna design. Its small size, return loss, gain, and SAR values indicate that the designed antenna is ideal for body-worn applications. The field of smart wearable textiles antenna may be able to use the suggested antenna in practical ways.
A Novel Approach of Secured Route Selection and Optimization in Underwater Sensor Networks
Authors: S Prem Kumar Deepak , G ARUN PRASATH , R Pitchai , Ch Madhu Babu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Underwater wireless sensor systems, also known as UWSNs, are a laudable, recently developed, and game-changing discovery that finds a number of uses in oceanographic research. An underwater wireless sensor network gives a broad idea in utilization's and exploring of underwater resources. The Unmanned Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) is comprised of a vast number of nodes that receive sensors and self-driving vessels that are transported to coordinate a group activity in the ocean. To accomplish this goal, sensor nodes and under water autonomous vehicles are self-organized in an independent system which can adjust to the characteristics of oceanic condition. But the unique characteristic of the submerged acoustic correspondence channel is completely different when compared to Terrestrial systems. Like harsh environment, acoustic correspondence channel, high error rates, propagation delays, mobility, low transmission and multipath effect capacity of water channels. The sensors that make up UWSN networks are often installed in the buoyant. Because of the properties of the ocean, buoyant nodes are particularly susceptible to attacks based on self-centered behaviour. The selfish behavioural attack causes the major problems in forwarding of data to the ship. So, it is very important to provide effective and reliable security mechanisms, to detect the selfish behavioural nodes and to provide secured routing to the ships. Entropy-based ACO algorithm is developed for optimal route selection. This study identifies the fundamental obstacles that need to be overcome in order to discover a secure and optimal path for navigation in UWSN. Entropy calculated based on the details that were supplied by the distinguish nodes in the water that measure things like the wind speed, temperature, and depth. This would be the major points to analyse in the ship movement based on the Pheromone level for the path available in the coverage from the ship. Pheromone level and route strength is assessed and ship is directed towards the optimal route.This security mechanism helps to identify the abnormal nodes and provides appropriate routing method.
Phytochemical Screening and Anti-microbial Activity of Polygala sadebeckiana Gurke extracts on bacterial isolate from wound samples of patients with “Shimetere”
Authors: Zeleke Bereket , Mekonnen Zebene , Bireda Meskele , Yitbarek Melaku , Dendir Andamlak 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
As Guraghe community believed that modern medication use especially through injection route seriously aggravate the disease, the root part of Polygala sadebeckiana Gürke is commonly used as traditional medicine in the management of “Shimetere”, which is a common skin and soft tissue infection in the community. The aim of this study was to evaluate anti-microbial activity of Polygala sadebeckiana Gürke extract on bacterial isolate from wound samples of patients with “Shimetere”.
Methods
Agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate antibacterial activity and agar dilution method was utilized to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC). The crude extract was tested against isolated bacteria at the concentration of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/mL in triplet (3x). The positive controls were azithromycin (15µg) cloxacillin disk (5µg) and the negative control was dimethylsulfoxide (5%). The group means comparisons were made using one-way ANOVA at a significance level of p < 0.05 and the results were presented as mean ± standard deviation. The presence of secondary metabolites from crude extract was checked by standard testing procedures.
Results
S. aurous and S. pyrogen were the two identified bacteria from 9 (60%) and 3(20%) of wound samples, respectively. All identified bacterial strains were susceptible for the reference antibiotics. Tannins and saponins were the most abundant secondary metabolites found in the crude extracts. The average inhibition zone of the plant extract with 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/mL concentration were 27, 20.33, 15.25, 11.96 mm (p < 0.000) for S.aurous and 30.02, 24.50, 19.07, 15.77 mm (p < 0.000) S.pyrogen bacteria. MIC and MBC of the crude extract were 1.67 and 10 mg/ml for S. aureus and 0.98 and 4 mg/ml for S.pyrogen.
Conclusion
Polygala sadebeckiana Gürke contained significant tannins and saponin as a secondary metabolites and had antibacterial activities against isolated bacteria (S. aurous and S. pyrogen ) from “Shimetere”.
Establishing an intelligent and smart tourism model using data mining in the context of big data
Authors: Jia Xiaoxue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Nowadays, with the rapid development of information technology (IT), the tourism industry has begun to apply it in the tourism sector for the establishment of a smart tourism model. Smart tourism is formed based on the expansion of traditional tourism, focusing on personalized user experiences through TIYA, which is a social networking application. Its core is IT, such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data technology. Smart tourism is a complete tourism service system that improves the convenience of tourists. Keeping in mind the vital role of smart tourism in developing the economy of a country, this study establishes a smart tourism management model based on data mining in the context of big data, with the purpose of strengthening the accuracy of smart tourism management and improving customer satisfaction with tourism. Before constructing the intelligent tourism management model, this study first describes the data mining technology in detail, introduces the Naive Bayes (NB) algorithm and the improved algorithm based on Apriori, analyzes the characteristics of tourism data, and establishes an intelligent tourism management model on this basis. In the proposed model, the government sector, the tourism industries, the community residents, tourists, and other forces are brought into full play, and a complete intelligent tourism management model is established. Using the proposed model, all the stakeholders can improve their own value and meet their tourism needs. Taking Beijing as an example for the experimental work, the improved algorithm based on Apriori is used to mine the tourist interest points. After evaluating the proposed model, it is concluded that the most interest points are obtained when the bandwidth parameter is set to 0.02. After the clustering operation, the first, second, and third tourist attractions in Beijing are obtained, and the results are consistent with the tourist interest. At the same time, the time index of three different mining algorithms (improved MapReduce algorithm (MA), the MapReduce algorithm (MRA), and the k-order MapReduce parallel algorithm (MRKA) based on the improved Apriori algorithm) under different minimum supports is compared. The results show that the MA algorithm can mine the required information in the shortest time.
Comprehensive evaluation of morphological and physiological responses of seventeen Sedum species to waterlogging and drainage under temperate monsoon climate: photosynthesis, osmotic balance and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Zhang Jie , Song Feng , Xu Xiaolei , Xia Tiantian , Zhang Xu , Dong Li , Yin Dejie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Unpredictable rainfall frequently results in excess moisture, which is detrimental to the landscape because it interferes with the genetic, morphological, and physiological processes of plants, even though the majority of urban landscapes frequently experience moisture shortages. A study was conducted to analyze the effects of a 36-day waterlogging phase and a subsequent 12-day recovery period on the morpho-physiological responses of 17 sedums with the goal of identifying those which were more tolerant of the conditions. Results revealed that waterlogging stress has an impact on all morpho-physiological parameters. Sensitive sedums showed severe ornamental quality damage, mortality, decreases in total dry biomass, root-shoot ratio, and chlorophyll content, as well as higher MDA concentrations. Lower reductions in such parameters, as well as better antioxidant enzyme activities and higher recovery capabilities following drainage, were seen in the most tolerant sedums S2 (S. spectabile 'Brilliant'), S3 (S. spectabile 'Carl'), and S5 (S. telephium 'Autumn Joy'). Furthermore, with the exception of early death sedums (S7, S. telephium 'Purple Emperor' and S15, S. sexangulare), all sedums showed varying intensities of adventitious root formation in response to waterlogging. Sedums' survival and success in this long duration of waterlogging (36 days) and recovery were attributed to a combination of physiological and morphological responses, indicating that they are attractive species for the development of rain gardens or impeded drainage locations. The 17 species were divided into 4 clusters based on the comprehensive evaluation value. The first group included S1-S3, S5-S6, S8-S12, which were waterlogged tolerant with the highest values (0.63–0.82). S14 belongs to the intermediate waterlogging-tolerant. S4, S13, S16, and S17 were clustered into the low waterlogging-tolerant group. S7 and S15 were the most susceptible to waterlogging.
Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Safety of Teleconsultation Compared with Face-to-Face Consultation. The ECASeT Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Molinero Alejandro , Carot-Sans Gerard , Escrig Roser , Tebé Cristian , Arce Jacobo , Pérez-López Carlos , Ballesta Silvia , Verdejo Guillermo , Cedeño Ángel , Riera-Pagespetit Mar , Vivas-Angeles Sofía , Alarcon Jose L. , Navarro Itziar , Toro Silvia , Mateo Llorenç , Torres Ana J. , Delmás Gerard , Camell Helena , Chamero Antonio , Gasol Montse , Piera-Jiménez Jordi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The use of remote consultation modalities has exponentially grown in the past few years, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although a huge body of the literature has described the use of phone (tele) and video consultations, very few of the studies correspond to randomized controlled trials, and none of them has assessed the safety of these consultation modalities as the primary objective. The primary objective of this trial was to assess the safety of remote consultations (both video and teleconsultation) in the follow-up of patients in the hospital setting.
Methods: Multicenter, randomized controlled trial being conducted in four centers of an administrative healthcare area in Catalonia (North-East Spain). Participants will be screened from all individuals, irrespective of age and sex, who require follow-up in outpatient consultations of any of the departments involved in the study. Eligibility criteria have been established based on the local guidelines for screening patients for remote consultation. Participants will be randomly allocated into one of the two study arms: conventional face-to-face consultation (control) and remote consultation, either teleconsultation or video consultation (intervention). Routine follow-up visits will be scheduled in a frequency determined by the physician based on the diagnostic and therapy of the baseline disease (the one triggering enrollment). The primary outcome will be the number of adverse reactions and complications related to the baseline disease. Secondary outcomes will include non-scheduled visits and hospitalizations, as well as usability features of remote consultations. All data will either be recorded in an electronic clinical report form or retrieved from local electronic health records. Based on the complications and adverse reaction rates reported in the literature, we established a target sample size of 1,068 participants per arm. Recruitment started in May 2022 and is expected to end in May 2024.
Discussion: The scarcity of precedents on the assessment of remote consultation modalities using randomized controlled designs challenges making design decisions, including recruitment, selection criteria, and outcome definition, which are discussed in the manuscript.
Trial registration: NCT05094180
Epidemiological SEQ1IQ2R Model for the Attack of COVID Phase II in Human Society
Authors: Singh Aditya Kumar Kumar , Jha Abhay Kumar , Choudhary Surya Deo , Singh Sandhir Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A SEQ1IQ2RS (Exposed, Exposed, Home Quarantined, Spreading, Hospital Quarantined, Cured, Susceptible) model for the transmission of Corona Virus Phase II in human organization has been developed and allure various parametric characteristics are resolved. The Basic Reproduction Number R0 is grown. Local and Global Stability for the Corona virus infection free evenness state of the system has been proved. Endemic equilibrium and bifurcation environments are discussed. To solve and imitate the system of differential equations, numerical methods have happened employed which can help us to understand the attacking presence of the corona virus phase ii human society. This may too give us a direction to frame out the defense mechanism against spreads of Corona virus phase ii Human society.
Myeloradiculopathy et Spinal Space Occupying Lession due to Spondylitis Tuberculosis at Thoracal Vertebrae Level: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Anugerah Samuel Willyarto , Dahlan Rully Hanafi , Ompusunggu Sevline Estethia , Priambodo Radityo , Syawal Muhammad Reyhan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Myelopathy and radiculopathy are different but not mutually exclusive, and patients often experience both conditions. Thoracic myelo-radiculopathy may occur secondary to congenital, infectious, etc.
Case Description: The neurology department consulted a 20-year-old woman due to weakness in her lower extremities. The complaints were preceded by pain in the upper back radiating to the chest for eight months since prior and getting worse three weeks before admission until the patient could not walk five days prior. MRI showed an extradural isointense and hyperintense lesion at the Th-2 until Th-4, ring enhancement (+) Th-1, and canal stenosis of the Th-2. The treatment was post anterior thoracic interbody fusion and transmanubrio sternotomy surgery followed by anti-TB treatments. After surgery and medication, the patient experienced significant motor development. From the original lower extremity motor, only 11111/11111 to 33333/44333.
Conclusions: Myeloradiculopathy et SOL Extradural at vertebrae level due to the compression of the neural structure by spondylitis TB infection. The importance of early diagnosis and proper treatment are well needed and described.
Micro CT evaluation of marginal discrepancies of endocrown restored molars with different intrapulpal depths and materials of fabrication. (In-vitro study)
Authors: El-Agwany Mohamed Aly , Hamdy Amina Mohamed , Zohdy Maged Mohamed , Mahrous Aliaa , Tawfik Ahmed , Nabih Soha Osama 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different preparation depths (0, 2 and 4 mm) of different restoration designs (classic endocrown design versus overlay design) on marginal adaptation of restorations fabricated of two different restorative materials (lithium disilicate and PEEK).
Materials and methods: Sixty mandibular natural molars were collected as abutments for the restorations of this study, and grouped in three main groups of different cavity depths (0, 2 and 4). Each group was divided into two subgroups according to material of fabrication to (L) for lithium disilicate and (P) for PEEK. CAD/CAM milling technology was used for fabrication of restorations. After cementation of restorations over abutments, hydrothermal aging was performed, and then marginal adaptation was evaluated via micro CT technology.
Results: Regarding cavity depths, there was a significant difference between different groups (p<0.001). The highest value was found in samples with 4 mm extension (84.35±18.16), followed by samples with 2 mm extension (66.52±21.86), while the lowest value was found in samples without pulpal extension (59.41±22.16). Post hoc pairwise comparisons showed samples with 4 mm extension to have a significantly higher value than samples without extension (p<0.001). Regarding materials of fabrication, PEEK (85.32±12.37) had a significantly higher value than Emax (54.86±20.86) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Increasing intrapulpal cavity depths increases vertical marginal gap of lithium disilicate or PEEK restorations. Endocrowns fabricated of lithium disilicate show less marginal discrepancies than that of endocrowns fabricated of PEEK.