bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential aboveground biomass increase in Brazilian Atlantic Forest fragments with climate change
Authors: Ferreira Igor José Malfetoni , Campanharo Wesley Augusto , Fonseca Marisa Gesteira , Escada Maria Isabel Sobral , Nascimento Marcelo Trindade , Villela Dora M. , Brancalion Pedro , Magnago Luiz Fernando Silva , Anderson Liana Oighenstein , Nagy Laszlo , Aragão Luiz E. O. C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFragmented tropical forest landscapes preserve much of the remaining biodiversity and carbon stocks. Climate change is expected to intensify droughts and increase fire hazard and fire intensities, thereby causing habitat deterioration, and losses of biodiversity and carbon stock losses. Understanding the trajectories that these landscapes may follow under increased climate pressure is imperative for establishing strategies for conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Here, we used a quantitative predictive modelling approach to project the spatial distribution of the aboveground biomass density (AGB) by the end of the 21st century across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF) domain. To develop the models, we used the maximum entropy method with projected climate data to 2100, based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 from the fifth Assessment Report. Our AGB models had a satisfactory performance (area under the curve > 0.75 and p value < .05). The models projected a significant increase of 8.5% in the total carbon stock. Overall, the projections indicated that 76.9% of the AF domain would have suitable climatic conditions for increasing biomass by 2100 considering the RCP 4.5 scenario, in the absence of deforestation. Of the existing forest fragments, 34.7% are projected to increase their AGB, while 2.6% are projected to have their AGB reduced by 2100. The regions likely to lose most AGB—up to 40% compared to the baseline—are found between latitudes 13° and 20° south. Overall, although climate change effects on AGB vary latitudinally for the 2071–2100 period under the RCP 4.5 scenario, our model indicates that AGB stocks can potentially increase across a large fraction of the AF. The patterns found here are recommended to be taken into consideration during the planning of restoration efforts, as part of climate change mitigation strategies in the AF and elsewhere in Brazil.
Lags in the response of plant assemblages to global warming depends on temperature‐change velocity
Authors: Pacheco‐Riaño L. Camila , Høistad Schei Fride , Flantua Suzette G. A. , Grytnes John‐Arvid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimCurrent global warming is driving changes in biological assemblages by increasing the number of thermophilic species while reducing the number of cold‐adapted species, leading to thermophilization of these assemblages. However, there is increasing evidence that thermophilization might not keep pace with global warming, resulting in thermal lags. Here, we quantify the magnitude of thermal lags of plant assemblages in Norway during the last century and assess how their spatio‐temporal variation is related to variables associated with temperature‐change velocity, topographic heterogeneity, and habitat type.LocationNorway.Time period1905–2007.Major taxa studiedVascular plants.MethodsWe inferred floristic temperature from 16,351 plant assemblages and calculated the floristic temperature anomaly (difference between floristic temperature and baseline temperature) and thermal lag index (difference between reconstructed floristic temperature and observed climatic temperature) from 1905 until 2007. Using generalized least squares models, we analysed how the variation in observed lags since 1980 is related to temperature‐change velocity (measured as magnitude, rate of temperature change, and distance to past analogous thermal conditions), topographic heterogeneity, and habitat type (forest versus non‐forest), after accounting for the baseline temperature.ResultsThe floristic temperature anomaly increases overall during the study period. However, thermophilization falls behind temperature change, causing a constantly increasing lag for the same period. The thermal lag index increases most strongly in the period after 1980, when it is best explained by variables related to temperature‐change velocity. We also find a higher lag in non‐forested areas, while no relationship is detected between the degree of thermal lag and fine‐scale topographic heterogeneity.Main conclusionsThe thermal lag of plant assemblages has increased as global warming outpaces thermophilization responses. The current lag is associated with different dimensions of temperature‐change velocity at a broad landscape scale, suggesting specifically that limited migration is an important contributor to the observed lags.
Differences in attitude toward COVID‐19 based on internet and social media usage among community‐dwelling older adults during the first state of emergency
Authors: Takayama Atsushi , Takeshima Taro , Omae Kenji , Yoshioka Takashi , Nakagawa Hiroaki , Ozaka Akihiro , Naganuma Toru , Takahashi Sei , Hamaguchi Sugihiro , Fukuhara Shunichi ,   The Sukagawa Study Group
Published: March 2023

AimIn order to understand the digital divide among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, we investigated the association between internet use and compliance with COVID‐19 preventive behaviors during the first state of emergency in Japan.MethodsA total of 8952 community‐dwelling citizens aged 75 years and above were asked about their preventive behaviors during the first state of emergency using a paper‐based questionnaire. Among them, 51% responded and were divided into internet users and non‐users. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of internet use for compliance with preventive behaviors.ResultsApproximately 40% of the respondents used the internet, and 9.29% used social media to collect COVID‐19‐related information. Internet usage was independently associated with compliance with using hand sanitizers, avoiding going out, avoiding eating out, avoiding traveling, getting vaccinated, and getting tested for COVID‐19; the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.21 (1.05–1.38), 1.19 (1.04–1.37), 1.20 (1.05–1.38), 1.32 (1.15–1.52), 1.30 (1.11–1.53), and 1.23 (1.07–1.41), respectively. Exploratory subgroup analyses demonstrated that social media users might have shown early adaptation to newly recommended preventive behaviors during the first state of emergency.ConclusionsResults suggest that a digital divide exists, as evidenced by the varied compliance with preventive behaviors depending on internet use. Additionally, social media use may be associated with early adaptation to newly recommended preventive behaviors. Therefore, future studies regarding the digital divide among older adults should investigate differences depending on the types and content of internet resources. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 289–296.
Clinical role of radiofrequency ablation for early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma in an advanced aging society
Authors: Ochi Hironori , Hiraoka Atsushi , Tanaka Takaaki , Mashiba Toshie , Ohama Hideko , Tada Fujimasa , Fang Cao , Shimamoto Toyoki , Amano Michiko , Azemoto Nobuaki , Hirooka Masashi , Yokota Tomoyuki , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimIt is unclear whether prognosis differs by age for early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to examine prognosis and recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for early‐stage HCC and to determine its prognostic factors for different age groups.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 1079 patients with initial early‐stage HCC treated with RFA at two institutions. All patients in this study were divided into four groups: <70 years old (group1, n = 483), 70–74 years old (group2, n = 198), 75–79 years old (group3, n = 201), and ≥80 years old (group4, n = 197). Prognostic factors were evaluated by comparing survival and recurrence rates between each group.ResultsThe median survival time and 5‐year survival rates for each group were 113 months and 70.8% in group1, 99.2 months and 71.5% in group2, 91.3 months and 66.5% in group3, and 71 months and 52.6% in group 4, respectively. Group4 had a significantly shorter survival than the other groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in recurrence‐free survival among the groups. In group4, the most common cause of death was nonliver‐related disease (69.4%). In all groups, modified albumin–bilirubin index grade was a factor contributing to prolonged prognosis, but only in group4 performance status (PS) was a significant factor (hazard ratio, 2.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–3.00; p = 0.009).ConclusionFor early‐stage HCC in the elderly, preoperative evaluation of PS and management of other diseases could contribute to a prolonged prognosis.
Immune response to mRNA‐based COVID‐19 booster vaccination in people living with HIV
Authors: Malin Jakob J. , Suárez Isabelle , Biehl Lena M. , Schommers Philipp , Knops Elena , Di Cristanziano Veronica , Heger Eva , Pflieger Eva , Wyen Christoph , Bettin Daniel , Rybniker Jan , Fätkenheuer Gerd , Lehmann Clara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesOur objective was to assess immune responses and their influencing factors in people living with HIV after messenger RNA (mRNA)‐based COVID‐19 booster vaccination (third dose).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of people living with HIV who received booster vaccination with BNT‐162b2 or mRNA‐1273 between October 2021 and January 2022. We assessed anti‐spike receptor‐binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG), virus neutralizing activity (VNA) titres reported as 100% inhibitory dilution (ID100), and T‐cell response (using interferon‐gamma‐release‐assay [IGRA]) at baseline and quarterly follow‐up visits. Patients with reported COVID‐19 during follow‐up were excluded. Predictors of serological immune response were analyzed using multivariate regression models.ResultsOf 84 people living with HIV who received an mRNA‐based booster vaccination, 76 were eligible for analysis. Participants were on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) and had a median of 670 CD4+cells/μL (interquartile range [IQR] 540–850). Following booster vaccination, median anti‐spike RBD IgG increased by 705.2 binding antibody units per millilitre (BAU/mL) and median VNA titres increased by 1000 ID100 at the follow‐up assessment (median 13 weeks later). Multivariate regression revealed that time since second vaccination was a predictor of stronger serological responses (p < 0.0001). No association was found for other factors, including CD4+ status, choice of mRNA vaccine, or concomitant influenza vaccination. In total, 45 patients (59%) had a reactive baseline IGRA, of whom two lost reactivity during follow‐up. Of 31 patients (41%) with non‐reactive baseline IGRA, 17 (55%) converted to reactive and seven (23%) remained unchanged following booster vaccination.ConclusionsPeople living with HIV with ≥500 CD4+cells/μL showed favourable immune responses to mRNA‐based COVID‐19 booster vaccination. A longer time (up to 29 weeks) since second vaccination was associated with higher serological responses, whereas choice of mRNA vaccine or concomitant influenza vaccination had no impact.
The imprint of autocracy on immigrant political participation: Reluctance to participate or to disclosure?
Authors: Bilodeau Antoine , Dumouchel David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study investigates the relationship between premigration experiences with autocracy and immigrants' participation in politics in the host country. Using a survey of about 2000 immigrants in Quebec (Canada) interviewed over telephone or with an online questionnaire, it assesses two possible pathways regarding the effect of premigration with autocracy on participation in the host country politics. One pathway emphasizes a reluctance to participate where experiences with autocracy would hinder participation in the host country. The second pathway posits a reluctance to disclosure where experiences with autocracy leave immigrants with a lasting hesitation to reveal the extent of their participation. Our findings lend weak support for a reluctance to participate and instead suggest a reluctance to disclosure. These findings raise questions about our capacity to accurately portray the preferences and behaviours of immigrants, here those who experienced autocracy in the country of origin, and highlight the sensitivity of findings regarding immigrant integration to interview modes.
Parent experiences during and after adolescent suicide crisis: A qualitative study
Authors: Weissinger Guy M. , Evans Lili , Van Fossen Catherine , Winston‐Lindeboom Payne , Ruan‐Iu Linda , Rivers Alannah Shelby 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParents of adolescents who have suicide crises (i.e. suicide attempt and/or significant ideation) are often highly involved in the care management, treatment and preventing future suicides of their children. How they experience these suicide crises, and the period afterward, has not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to understand parents' (defined in this study as any legal guardian of an adolescent taking on a parental role) experience of adolescent suicide crises and its impact on themselves and the family system. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with parents (N = 18) of adolescents who had a suicide crisis in the past 3 years. Thematic analysis was used with a combined inductive‐deductive coding approach, drawing from Diamond's conceptualization of family treatment engagement for suicidal youth and iterative close readings of transcripts. Five themes emerged related to parent experience: Trauma of the Experience (subtheme: Feelings of Failure); Living in Fear; Alone and Seeking Connection; Lasting Impact; and A New Normal (subtheme: Turn the Pain to Purpose). Parents experienced these events as traumatic, damaging their sense of self. They experienced long periods of time where fear and loneliness dominated their lives. Recovery was both an individual and a family process, occurring in tandem with, but distinct from, adolescent experiences. Descriptions and illustrative quotes illustrate parent experiences and their understanding of the impact on the family system. Results highlighted that parents require support both for themselves and as caregivers for adolescents around an adolescent's suicide crisis and that family‐focused services are vital.
The co‐design of an exercise‐based, lifestyle intervention for people with venous leg ulcers; a self‐care, expert‐supported strategy for a chronic condition
Authors: McIntosh Emma , Horspool Michelle , Levesley Maria , Logan Pip , Klonizakis Markos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExercise is recommended as an adjunct treatment, alongside compression therapy to increase venous leg ulcer (VLU) wound healing times, however, there are no published programmes available that support patients to exercise at home on their own. To develop an exercise‐based lifestyle intervention that is feasible and acceptable to people with VLUs, a participatory approach was utilised. Clinicians, researchers, and people living with VLUs collaborated in the design of “FISCU Home”. Two focus groups and nine interviews were conducted with people living with a VLU. Tissue viability nurses provided clinical expertise. Data was analysed through thematic analysis. Ten key themes were identified and incorporated into FISCU Home: (I) a condition‐specific flexible programme, (II) personal assessment and tailored exercises, (III) tapered individualised support, (IV) short lower‐intensity sessions, (V) chair‐based options, (VI) falls prevention, (VII) accessible resources, (VIII) functional, compact, self‐managed exercises, (IX) a behaviour change strategy, and (X) education. FISCU Home has integrated patients' needs and preferences with evidence‐based principles and theory to create an exercise‐based lifestyle intervention for people with VLUs. FISCU Home could provide a mainstream adjunct therapy in wound care and support the movement towards self‐management.
Addressing health disparities of individuals experiencing homelessness in the U.S. with community institutional partnerships: An integrative review
Authors: Lee Jennifer J. , Jagasia Emma , Wilson Patty R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo examine existing community‐institutional partnerships providing health care services to people experiencing homelessness by addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) at multiple socioecological levels.DesignIntegrative review.Data SourcesPubMed (Public/Publisher MEDLINE), CINAHL (The Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature database), and EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database) were searched to identify articles on health care services, partnerships, and transitional housing.Review MethodsDatabase search used the following keywords: Public‐private sector partnerships, community‐institutional relation, community‐academic, academic community, community university, university community, housing, emergency shelter, homeless persons, shelter, and transitional housing. Articles published until November 2021 were eligible for inclusion. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence‐Based Practice Quality Guide was used to appraise the quality of articles included in the review by two researchers.ResultsSeventeen total articles were included in the review. The types of partnerships discussed in the articles included academic‐community partnerships (n = 12) and hospital‐community partnerships (n = 5). Health services were also provided by different kinds of health care providers, including nursing and medical students, nurses, physicians, social workers, psychiatrists, nutritionists, and pharmacists. Health care services spanning from preventative care services to acute and specialized care services and health education were also made possible through community‐institutional partnerships.ConclusionThere is a need for more studies on partnerships that aim to improve the health of homeless populations by addressing social determinants of health at multiple socioecological levels of individuals who experience homelessness. Existing studies do not utilize elaborate evaluation methods to determine partnership efficacy.ImpactFindings from this review highlight gaps in the current understanding of partnerships that seek to increase access to care services for people who experience homelessness.No Patient or Public ContributionThe results of the systematic review were solely from the articles reviewed and do not include information from patients, service users, caregivers, or members of the public.
Relationships between dynamic risk factors for externalising problem behaviour and group climate in adults with mild intellectual disability in forensic treatment
Authors: Turhan A. , Delforterie M. J. , Roest J. J. , Van der Helm G. H. P. , Neimeijer E. G. , Didden R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundRelationships between dynamic risk factors for externalising problem behaviour and group climate were investigated in 151 adult in‐patients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning in a Dutch secure residential facility.MethodRegression analysis was used to predict total group climate score and Support, Growth, Repression, and Atmosphere subscales of the ‘Group Climate Inventory’. Predictor variables were Coping Skills, Attitude towards current treatment, Hostility, and Criminogenic attitudes subscales of the ‘Dynamic Risk Outcome Scales’.ResultsLess hostility predicted a better overall group climate, better support and atmosphere, and less repression. A positive attitude towards current treatment predicted better growth.ConclusionResults indicate relationships of hostility and attitude towards current treatment with group climate. A focus on both dynamic risk factors and group climate may provide a basis for improving treatment for this target group.
Optimization of test day for milk yield recording and sire evaluation in Murrah buffaloes
Authors: Ranjan Ashish , Jain Anand , Verma Archana , Sinha Ranjana , Joshi Pooja , Gowane Gopal R. , Alex Rani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the present study, random regression models (RRM) were used to estimate genetic parameters for test‐day milk yield in Murrah buffaloes using Legendre polynomial function (LP), with the objective to find the best combination of “minimum test‐day model,” which would be essential and sufficient to evaluate the trait successfully. Data included for analysis were 10,615 first lactation monthly test‐day milk yield records (5th, 35th, 65th, …, 305th) from 965 Murrah buffaloes for the period 1975–2018. Cubic to octic‐order orthogonal polynomials with homogeneous residual variances were used for the estimation of genetic parameters. Random regression models with sixth‐order were selected based on goodness of fit criteria like lower AIC, BIC and residual variance. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.079 (TD6) to 0.21(TD10). For both ends of lactation, the additive genetic and environmental variances were higher and ranged from 0.21 ± 0.12 (TD6) to 0.85 ± 0.35 kg2 (TD1) and 3.74 ± 0.36 (TD11) to 1.36 ± 0.14 kg2 (TD9), respectively. Between adjacent test‐day records, genetic correlation estimates ranged from 0.09 ± 0.31 (TD1 and TD2) to 0.97 ± 0.03 (TD3 and TD4; TD4 and TD5), but values gradually declined as the distance between test days increased. Negative genetic correlations were also obtained between TD1 with TD3 to TD9, TD2 with TD9 and TD10, and TD3 with TD10. On the basis of genetic correlations, models with 5 and/or 6 test‐days combination were able to account for 86.1%–98.7% of variation along the lactation. Models with fourth and fifth‐order LP functions were considered to account for variance with combinations of 5 and/or 6 test‐day milk yields. The model with 6 test‐day combinations had a higher rank correlation (0.93) with model using 11 monthly test‐day milk yield records. On the basis of relative efficiency, the model with 6 monthly test day combinations with fifth‐order was more efficient (maximum 99%) than the model using 11 monthly test‐day milk yield records. Looking into the similar accuracy with the 11TD model, and the low resources requirement, we recommend the use of the “6 test‐day combination model” for sire evaluation. These models may help in reducing the cost and time for data recording of milk yield.
Advances in the role of SWI/SNF complexes in tumours
Authors: Li Ziwei , Zhao Jiumei , Tang Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCancer development is a complex process involving both genetic and epigenetic changes. The SWI/SNF (switch/sucrose non‐fermentable) chromatin remodelling complex, one of the most studied ATP‐dependent complexes, plays an important role in coordinating chromatin structural stability, gene expression and post‐translational modifications. The SWI/SNF complex can be classified into BAF, PBAF and GBAF according to their constituent subunits. Cancer genome sequencing studies have shown a high incidence of mutations in genes encoding subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex, with abnormalities in one or more of these genes present in nearly 25% of all cancers, which indicating that stabilizing normal expression of genes encoding subunits in the SWI/SNF complex may prevent tumorigenesis. In this paper, we will review the relationship between the SWI/SNF complex and some clinical tumours and its mechanism of action. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis to guide the diagnosis and treatment of tumours caused by mutations or inactivation of one or more genes encoding subunits of the SWI/SNF complex in the clinical setting.