bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immigrant assimilation in health care utilisation in Spain
Authors: Ferre Zuleika , Triunfo Patricia , Antón José-Ignacio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAbundant evidence has tracked the labour market and health assimilation of immigrants, including static analyses of differences in how foreign-born and native-born residents consume health care services. However, we know much less about how migrants’ patterns of healthcare usage evolve with time of residence, especially in countries providing universal or quasi-universal coverage. We investigate this process in Spain by combining all the available waves of the local health survey, which allows us to separately identify period, cohort, and assimilation effects. We find robust evidence of migrant assimilation in health care use, specifically in visits to general practitioners and emergency care and among foreign-born women. The differential effects of ageing on health care use between foreign-born and native-born populations contributes to the convergence of utilisation patterns in most health services after 15 years in Spain. Substantial heterogeneity by the time of arrival and by region of origin both suggest that studies modelling future welfare state finances would benefit from a more thorough assessment of migration.
Learning strategies, self-efficacy beliefs and academic achievement of first-year preservice teachers: a person-centred approach
Authors: Vilppu Henna , Laakkonen Eero , Laine Anu , Lähteenmäki Marko , Metsäpelto Riitta-Leena , Mikkilä-Erdmann Mirjamaija , Warinowski Anu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs teacher profession can be seen as a learning profession, it is crucial that teacher education equips future teachers with high-level skills to update and increase their proficiency and expertise throughout their career. In this aim, cognitive processing strategies and metacognitive regulation strategies as well as academic self-efficacy beliefs play a crucial role. This study examined Finnish first-year preservice teachers’ (N = 538) initial learning profiles in terms of their learning strategies and self-efficacy beliefs upon entry to teacher education. Furthermore, the association between the profiles and pre-entry factors (age, written entrance exam) as well as first-year achievement was studied. The data were gathered via questionnaire from four universities and their student registers. The person-centred approach utilising a latent profile analysis was applied to identify learning profiles among preservice teachers. Three distinct learning profiles were identified: unregulated students with low self-efficacy (37.5%), average strategists with low self-efficacy (33.1%) and self-regulated and deep learners with high self-efficacy (29.4%). The first profile performed worst in the first-year studies, whereas the last profile was characterised by the oldest students and best performers in the written entrance exam. The findings expand our understanding of the initial learning profiles of preservice teachers and thus offer valuable information for teacher educators to support teaching practices and curriculum design. Practical implications of the results are discussed.
Positive externalities of the EU cohesion policy: Toward more synchronised CEE countries?
Authors: Dicharry Benoit , Stiblarova Lubica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to examine the role of the payments from the European Cohesion Policy (ECP) in the business cycle synchronisation of the EU–28 countries in the time period 2000–2016. The emphasis is especially placed on the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, given their status as the biggest ECP recipients; we investigate whether the ECP can serve as an instrument to promote their synchronisation which presents one of the prerequisites for the adoption of common monetary policy in the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). By applying a panel instrumental variables estimation, our results suggest that the ECP provides a positive externality regarding increased synchronicity in the EMU, suggesting that the ECP should be further strengthened to foster business synchronicity in the Euro Area. Further analysis reveals that the systematically identified driving forces are the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Cohesion Fund (CF). The current European recovery plan ‘Next Generation EU’ could, therefore, have a promoting effect on the EMU’s monetary policy if it is designed as an additional structural investment fund promoting financial and trade integration.
Lifestyle changes during the economic crisis: a Sri Lankans survey
Authors: Sooriyaarachchi Piumika , Jayawardena Ranil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aim
The economic crisis in Sri Lanka has caused millions of people to descend into poverty, compromising their rights to health, education and standard of living. This study aimed to examine how the economic crisis has affected Sri Lankans’ lifestyles.

Subject and methods
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in July 2022, using an e-questionnaire based on Google Forms. The questionnaire assessed respondents’ socio-demographics and lifestyle-related behaviours before and during the economic crisis. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used.

Results
A total of 1214 respondents, aged ≥ 18 years were included in this survey. During the crisis, there was a nearly 80% and 60% decline in alcohol consumption and smoking, respectively. Although many respondents (57.6%) used private vehicles as their primary mode of transportation before the crisis, this has decreased significantly (18.2%) during the crisis. Furthermore, 65.3% reported that their walking time has increased during this time. Respondents who lived in Colombo were significantly more likely to report increased walking time compared to people from other districts (OR 1.540; 95% CI, 1.081–2.193; P = 0.017). Also, those with the lowest monthly incomes reported a twofold increase in walking time during the crisis as those with the highest monthly incomes (OR = 2.224, 95% CI = 1.329–3.723, P = 0.002). Cooking methods used before and after the economic crisis differ significantly, with many respondents relying on gas (pre 92.8%; post 15.5%) as their primary cooking fuel before the crisis and now moving to firewood (pre 3.7%; post 46.5%). More than two-thirds (75.2%) of respondents were thinking of migrating to another country alone or with their families because of the country’s current situation.

Conclusion
The everyday activities of Sri Lankans have been significantly affected by the country’s economic crisis.
The Impact of Drought on HIV Care in Rural South Africa: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Iwuji Collins C. , Baisley Kathy , Maoyi Molulaqhooa Linda , Orievulu Kingsley , Mazibuko Lusanda , Ayeb-Karlsson Sonja , Yapa H. Manisha , Hanekom Willem , Herbst Kobus , Kniveton Dominic 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis analysis investigates the relationship between drought and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence and retention in HIV care in the Hlabisa sub-district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data on drought and ART adherence and retention were collated for the study period 2010–2019. Drought was quantified using the 3-month Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) from station data. Adherence, proxied by the Medication Possession Ratio (MPR), and retention data were obtained from the public ART programme database. MPR and retention were calculated from individuals aged 15–59 years who initiated ART between January 2010 and December 2018 and visited clinic through February 2019. Between 01 January 2010 and 31 December 2018, 40,714 individuals started ART in the sub-district and made 1,022,760 ART visits. The SPI showed that 2014–2016 were dry years, with partial recovery after 2016 in the wet years. In the period from 2010 to 2012, mean 6-month MPR increased from 0.85 in July 2010 to a high of 0.92 in December 2012. MPR then decreased steadily through 2013 and 2014 to 0.78 by December 2014. The mean proportion retained in care 6 months after starting ART showed similar trends to MPR, increasing from 86.9% in July 2010 to 91.4% in December 2012. Retention then decreased through 2013, with evidence of a pronounced drop in January 2014 when the odds of retention decreased by 30% (OR = 0.70, CI = 0.53–0.92, P = 0.01) relative to the end of 2013. Adherence and retention in care decreased during the drought years.
Finite basis physics-informed neural networks (FBPINNs): a scalable domain decomposition approach for solving differential equations
Authors: Moseley Ben , Markham Andrew , Nissen-Meyer Tarje 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have offered a powerful new paradigm for solving problems relating to differential equations. Compared to classical numerical methods, PINNs have several advantages, for example their ability to provide mesh-free solutions of differential equations and their ability to carry out forward and inverse modelling within the same optimisation problem. Whilst promising, a key limitation to date is that PINNs have struggled to accurately and efficiently solve problems with large domains and/or multi-scale solutions, which is crucial for their real-world application. Multiple significant and related factors contribute to this issue, including the increasing complexity of the underlying PINN optimisation problem as the problem size grows and the spectral bias of neural networks. In this work, we propose a new, scalable approach for solving large problems relating to differential equations called finite basis physics-informed neural networks (FBPINNs). FBPINNs are inspired by classical finite element methods, where the solution of the differential equation is expressed as the sum of a finite set of basis functions with compact support. In FBPINNs, neural networks are used to learn these basis functions, which are defined over small, overlapping subdomains. FBINNs are designed to address the spectral bias of neural networks by using separate input normalisation over each subdomain and reduce the complexity of the underlying optimisation problem by using many smaller neural networks in a parallel divide-and-conquer approach. Our numerical experiments show that FBPINNs are effective in solving both small and larger, multi-scale problems, outperforming standard PINNs in both accuracy and computational resources required, potentially paving the way to the application of PINNs on large, real-world problems.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Linkage to HIV Care Interventions in the United States, Canada, and Ukraine (2010–2021)
Authors: Levison Julie H. , Del Cueto Paola , Mendoza Jaime Vladimir , Ashour Dina , Lydston Melis , Freedberg Kenneth A. , Shebl Fatma M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions targeting linkage to HIV care in the US, Canada, and Europe. We searched six databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL). Inclusion criteria were English language studies in adults in the US, Canada, or Europe, published January 1, 2010 to January 1, 2021. We synthesized interventions by type and linkage to care outcome. The outcome was cumulative incidence of 3-month linkage. We estimated cumulative incidence ratios of linkage with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We screened 945 studies; 13 met selection criteria (n = 1 from Canada, n = 1 from Ukraine, n = 11 from the US) and were included after full text review (total 37,549 individuals). The cumulative incidence of 3-month linkage in the intervention group was 0.82 (95% CI 0.68–0.94) and control group 0.71 (95% CI 0.50–0.90); cIR of linkage for intervention versus control was 1.30 (95% CI 1.13, 1.49). Interventions to improve linkage to care after HIV diagnosis warrant further attention.
Theoretical analysis of surface waves in piezoelectric medium with periodic shunting circuits
Authors: Zhang Youqi , Xia Rongyu , Xu Jie , Huang Kefu , Li Zheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe investigations of surface waves in the piezoelectric medium bring out great possibility in designing smart surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. It is important to study the dispersion properties and manipulation mechanism of surface waves in the semi-infinite piezoelectric medium connected with periodic arrangement of shunting circuits. In this study, the extended Stroh formalism is developed to theoretically analyze the dispersion relations of surface waves under different external circuits. The band structures of both the Rayleigh wave and the Bleustein-Gulyaev (BG) wave can be determined and manipulated with proper electrical boundary conditions. Furthermore, the electromechanical coupling effects on the band structures of surface waves are discussed to figure out the manipulation mechanism of adjusting electric circuit. The results indicate that the proposed method can explain the propagation behaviors of surface waves under the periodic electrical boundary conditions, and can provide an important theoretical guidance for designing novel SAW devices and exploring extensive applications in practice.
The Forms of Self-Criticising & Self-Reassuring Scale - Short Form for Adolescents: Psychometric Properties in Clinical and Non-Clinical Portuguese Samples
Authors: Cunha Marina , Xavier Ana , Salvador Maria Céu , Castilho Paula 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Self-criticism is a psychological process largely studied as a vulnerability factor for several psychological difficulties in the adult population and, to a lower extent, in adolescent samples. Thus, the availability of instruments to effectively capture this construct is important, especially for younger populations.

Objective
This study examined the factor structure, measurement invariance to group samples, and psychometric properties of the short version of the Forms of Self-criticism and Self-reassuring Scale (FSCRS-SF) in Portuguese adolescents in non-clinical and clinical samples.

Methods
Two non-clinical samples (N = 1224 and N = 140) and a clinical sample (N = 103) were used. Participants’ ages ranged between 12 and 18 years old for both genders. Participants voluntarily completed a set of self-report questionnaires in the classroom. 418 adolescents completed the FSCRS 6-weeks after the first administration.

Results
Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the factor structure of the FSCRS-SF was similar to the one found in the adults’ version, with three factors (inadequate self, hated self, and reassured self). The measurement invariance was established for both samples. The FSCRS-SF revealed adequate to good construct validity, reliability, and temporal stability. Gender differences were found for the three subscales. Similarly, adolescents from the clinical sample reported higher levels of inadequate self and hated self and lower levels of reassured self in comparison with the non-clinical sample, as expected.

Conclusions
The FSCRS-SF was revealed to be a valid and reliable measure of self-criticism and self-reassurance for adolescents and seems to be a useful tool for research and clinical purposes.
Experimental Study of the Charring of I-Joists and Recession of Combustible Insulation in Light Timber Frame Assemblies with Comparison to Eurocode 5
Authors: Bøe Andreas Sæter , Mäger Katrin Nele , Friquin Kathinka Leikanger , Just Alar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDesign models are commonly used in fire safety design of light timber frame assemblies. Parameters for use in the models are available for rectangular members with mineral wool, wood fibre or cellulose insulation and for assemblies with I-joists and mineral wool. For assemblies where I-joists and combustible insulations are combined, design parameters are missing. Five fire experiments with two I-joist types and four combustible insulation products have been conducted. The aim was to study charring of I-joist flanges and recession rates of combustible insulations and in addition, to compare their behaviour to the new and existing models of Eurocode 5. Charring rates for the flanges were 0.40–0.76 mm/min and 0.54–1.72 mm/min for the protected and post-protected phase, respectively. Rates decreased with increasing flange size. Charring rates for flanges of solid wood and LVL were comparable. The results show that lateral charring of I-joist flanges can be significant in the protected phase. The tested insulation products showed a lower recession rate than values reported for glass wool insulation, with a more pronounced difference for wood fibre and cellulose insulations. The low recession rates compared to previously reported generic values can possibly be explained by better product-specific properties, negligible shrinking and slightly different test set-up. The insulation stayed well in place after gypsum board fall-off and best-practice for keeping the insulation in place is given. The results, completed with future loaded full-scale tests, can give basis for further development of design models for assemblies with I-joists and combustible insulations.
Soils potentially vulnerable to phosphorus losses: speciation of inorganic and organic phosphorus and estimation of leaching losses
Authors: Djodjic Faruk , Bergström Lars , Schmieder Frank , Sandström Corine , Agback Peter , Hu Yongfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEutrophication is an important threat to aquatic ecosystems world-wide, and reliable identification of areas vulnerable to phosphorus (P) losses from diffuse sources is essential for high efficiency of mitigation measures. In this three-step study we investigated (i) relationships between the agronomic (Olsen-P and P-AL) and environmental soil P tests (P-CaCl2) with molecular techniques (31P NMR and XANES) followed by (ii) rainfall simulation experiment on topsoil lysimeters and (iii) comparison to long-term field measurements of water quality. Soil samples were collected from seven sites indicated to be vulnerable to nutrient losses due to underlying geology. High P release correlated to standard agronomic P tests (Olsen P, r = 0.67; and P-AL, r = 0.74) and low P sorption capacity (r = − 0.5). High content of iron-bound P compounds indicated more labile P and higher release of dissolved P (r = 0.67). The leaching experiment showed that three out of four soils with high initial soil P status had both higher P leaching concentrations before fertilization (0.83–7.7 mg P l−1) compared to soil with low initial soil P status (0.007–0.23 mg P l−1), and higher increase in P concentrations after fertilization. Higher soil P sorption capacity reduced P leaching losses. Finally, long-term monitoring data show no significant trends in P losses in a field with low initial P content and moderate P fertilization rates whereas high and over time increasing P losses were recorded in a field with high initial soil P content and repetitively high P fertilization rates.
Web of attributes: analysing residents’ appreciation of a Dutch neighbourhood from a new heritage perspective
Authors: Spoormans Lidwine , Pereira Roders Ana , Czischke Darinka , de Jonge Wessel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the last century, the concept of what can be heritage has expanded in definition, opening to everyday architecture and living environments. More recently, the group of stakeholders to be involved in heritage assessment and management has slowly grown, with authorities acknowledging that heritage significance lies in the representation and identification for people and that people could help define it. Studying the significance of everyday residential neighbourhoods and the inclusion of individual responses creates a demand for new methods. Although in heritage studies these methods remain undefined, studies on housing preferences offer starting points for new approaches. This paper presents a significance assessment of an everyday living environment by its residents, from a new heritage perspective. By analysing individual responses, this research discusses more inclusive methods of assessing significance. A neighbourhood in the Dutch town Almere, is used as a case study. Based on a survey in diary format, residents’ appreciation of their living environment is analysed using values-attributes and means-end theory. Results show that assessments of individual residents consist of chains of tangible and intangible attributes. The paper proposes a new analytical model, the ‘Web of Attributes’, which visualizes residents’ responses and reveals the diversity and relations between the attributes best appreciated in a specific living environment. The Web of Attributes can serve as visual reporting in statements of significance, for listed and non-listed neighbourhoods. By combining theories from housing preferences and heritage significance assessment, this novel research explores narrow the gap between the assessments of heritage and everyday neighbourhoods.
The impact of the creative industries and digitalization on regional resilience and productive entrepreneurship
Authors: Khlystova Olena , Kalyuzhnova Yelena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of the creative industries on regional resilience and productive entrepreneurship. We control for the localized effects of digitalization in this relationship. We do so by linking the regional resilience theory with the literature on the creative industries, digitalization and productive entrepreneurship. The unit of our analysis is the European Union’s regions (from the 2008 Great Recession crisis to the 2015 recovery period). We empirically tested our framework in the context of the European Union with datasets from Eurostat Regional Statistics and the European Social Survey (ESS). Our analysis is focused on the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) 3 regions, which includes 1397 industry performance observations from 314 NUTS-3 regions and 11 European countries (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, and Slovakia) for the period 2008–2015. Our findings demonstrate that regions with a higher share of employment in the creative industries are more likely to withstand a short-term economic shock than regions with a lower share of employment in the creative industries. Our results also indicate the importance of digitalization in the period of recovery from crises, and demonstrate that the creative industries play an important part in this process. This study offers a number of policy implications.