bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic globalisation and labour market outcomes in Africa
Authors: Beri Parfait Bihkongnyuy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Decoupling the causal impact of globalisation on labour market outcomes is critical for economic policy and sustainable development. Previous studies have uncovered a positive, but sometimes conflicting results on the relationship between globalisation and the labour market in different countries and periods. I investigate how labour market outcomes respond to economic globalisation using data from 41 African countries from 1991 to 2019 and estimation techniques that correct for autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. Results show that the effect of economic globalisation on all labour market outcomes is bounded to an interval of zero, allowing me to rule out the possibility of any causal effect. These results challenge literature on the putative benefits of economic globalisation. Nonetheless, the findings are consistent with the observed pattern of jobless growth in most African countries over the past three decades. Moving forward, Africa’s development strategy should not only rely on economic liberalisation, but on consolidating domestic macroeconomic policies and institutions.
JEL Classification: F16; F66; E24; C23.
SRaNet: Shallow and Reverse Attention Network for Colon Polyp Segmentation
Authors: Lee Go-Eun , Cho Jungchan , Choi Sang-Il 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Polyp segmentation is challenging because the boundary between polyps and mucosa is ambiguous. Several models have considered the use of attention mechanisms to solve this problem. However, these models use only finite information obtained from a single type of attention. We propose a new dual-attention network based on shallow and reverse attention modules for colon polys segmentation called SRaNet. The shallow attention mechanism removes background noise while emphasizing the locality by focusing on the foreground. In contrast, reverse attention helps distinguish the boundary between polyps and mucous membranes more clearly by focusing on the background. The two attention mechanisms are adaptively fused using a “Softmax Gate”. Combining the two types of attention enables the model to capture complementary foreground and boundary features. Therefore, the proposed model predicts the boundaries of polyps more accurately than other models. We present the results of extensive experiments on polyp benchmarks to show that the proposed method outperforms existing models on both seen and unseen data. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed dual attention module increases the explainability of the model.
Negative Attitudes towards High Weight People in a Large Representative Sample of Czech Adolescents: Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Czech versions of Anti-fat Attitudes Questionnaire and Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale and Associations with Demographic Characteristics
Authors: Pipova Helena , Petr Kryštof , Kostková Markéta , Dolejš Martin , Suchá Jaroslava , Sonneville Kendrin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the study was to evaluate anti-fat attitudes and beliefs about high-weight people in a nonclinical sample of Czech adolescents. An additional aim was to create a Czech version of the Anti-fat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) and Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and to test their psychometric properties.
Methods and Participants:
Study participants were 3345 Czech adolescents aged 11–19. Participants filled out the sociodemographic questionnaire, AFA and BAOP.
Results
Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed a three-factor solution and adequate factor validity for AFA. For BAOP, a two-factor solution that accounted for the negative wording of items fit the data well. We observed an inverse association between age and BAOP score and AFA Fear of Fat subscale, but higher ages were associated with higher AFA Dislike subscale scores. Girls scored higher on the AFA Fear of Fat subscale relative to boys, while boys scored higher on the Dislike and Willpower subscales. Overall, higher anti-fat attitudes were seen in those with lower BMIs and those who had high-weight family members.
Conclusion
Characterizing anti-fat attitudes within a population is a critical component to understanding how best to address weight stigma. The translated tools are sound tools for the Czech environment.
Reward Maximization Assessed Using a Sequential Patch Depletion Task in a Large Sample of Heterogeneous Stock Rats
Authors: Gancarz Amy M. , Mitchell Suzanne H. , George Anthony M. , Martin Connor D. , Turk Marisa C. , Bool Heather M. , Aktar Fahmida , Kwarteng Francis , Palmer Abraham A. , Meyer Paul J. , Richards Jerry B. , Dietz David M. , Isiwari Keita 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Choice behavior requires animals to evaluate both short- and long-term advantages and disadvantages of all potential alternatives. Impulsive choice is traditionally measured in laboratory tasks by utilizing delay discounting (DD), a paradigm that offers a choice between a smaller immediate reward, or a larger more delayed reward. This study tested a large sample of Heterogeneous Stock (HS) male (n = 896) and female (n = 898) rats, part of a larger genetic study, to investigate whether measures of reward maximization overlapped with traditional models of delay discounting via the patch depletion model using a Sequential Patch Depletion procedure. In this task, rats were offered a concurrent choice between two water “patches” and could elect to “stay” in the current patch or “leave” for an alternative patch. Staying in the current patch resulted in decreasing subsequent reward magnitudes, whereas the choice to leave a patch was followed by a delay and a resetting to the maximum reward magnitude. Based on the delay in a given session, different visit durations were necessary to obtain the maximum number of rewards. Visit duration may be analogous to an indifference point in traditional DD tasks. While differences in traditional DD measures (e.g., delay gradient) have been detected between males and females, these effects were small and inconsistent. However, when examining measures of reward maximization, females made fewer patch changes at all delays and spent more time in the patch before leaving for the alternative patch compared to males. This pattern of choice resulted in males having a higher rate of reinforcement than females. Consistent with this, there was some evidence that females deviated from the optimal more, leading to less reward. Measures of reward maximization were only weakly associated with traditional DD measures and may represent distinctive underlying processes. Taken together, females performance differed from males with regard to reward maximization that were not observed utilizing traditional measures of DD, suggesting that the patch depletion model was more sensitive to modest sex differences when compared to traditional DD measures in a large sample of HS rats.
Quality of life in ICU survivors from 1991 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace
Authors: Fan Limei , Nie Yabin , Liu Yu , Du Juan , Bao Yunfeng , Dou Yingru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: In recent years, the number of ICU survivors has increased year by year, and their health-related quality of life after discharge has been an increasingly concerned. This study aims to analyze the development status, research hotspots, research frontiers, and future development trends of the quality of life of ICU survivors after discharge.
Methods: The relevant literature was retrieved from the WOSCC database, including only the articles published in English. CiteSpace6.0R software was used to analyze the collaboration network of countries/regions, institutions, and keywords, and co-citation analysis of references.
Results: A total of 1495 related research papers were included in this study. The major countries that conducted the research included the United States (US), Australia, England, Canada, Germany, Netherlands, France, and Italy. The research institutes are mainly located in the United States and France, and the main researchers come from the research institutes in these countries. The most cited authors are Needham D, Hopkins R, Jackson J, and Ely E. The top 3 journals with the largest number of published articles were the Journal of Critical Care Medicine, Journal of Critical Care, and Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. The top 5 most commonly used keywords were cognitive impairment, symptom, critical care, acute kidney injury, long-term outcomes, and mechanical ventilation. Post-intensive care syndrome, ICU survivor, critical care outcome, acute respiratory syndrome, and frailty would be potentially cited frequently over the coming years, which represent the emerging trends.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the global research hotspots and trends of related quality-of-life research in ICU survivors. It can help scholars quickly understand the research status and hot spots in this field.
TD-DFT, DFT and concentration dependent SERS investigations of a bioactive trifluoromethyl derivative in silver colloids
Authors: Al-Otaibi Jamelah S. , Mary Y.Sheena , Mary Y.Shyma , Krátký Martin , Vinsova Jarmila , Gamberini Maria Cristina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Various quantities of (E)-4-methoxy-N'-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene) benzohydrazide (EMT) adsorbed on colloidal silver nanoparticles were studied using SERS and results were compared to the normal Raman spectrum. DFT calculations were used to validate experimental findings. Theoretically, the structures of the EMT and EMT-Ag6 systems were optimized. The UV-Vis spectral analysis’s red shift and lower intensity behaviour shows that EMT has chemisorbed on to Ag nanoparticles. Charge transfer (CT) from Ag to EMT is highlighted by FMO analysis. The CT interaction in EMT and EMT-Ag6 was further verified by MEP and Mulliken charge analyses. The EMT was adsorbed on Ag nanoparticles with tilted orientation and orientation changes with colloidal concentration, according to SERS spectrum analysis.
Health-related quality of life among thalassemia patients in Bangladesh using the SF-36 questionnaire
Authors: Hossain Md. Jubayer , Islam Md. Wahidul , Munni Ummi Rukaiya , Gulshan Rubaiya , Mukta Sumaiya Akter , Miah Sharif , Sultana Sabia , Karmakar Mousumi , Ferdous Jannatul , Islam Mohammad Ariful 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most common autosomal recessive hereditary blood disorders in the world, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. Patients suffering from this disease face physical, emotional, and social problems that lessen their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, this study aimed to determine HRQoL and its determinants of Thalassemia patients (TP) in Bangladesh using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was done on 356 randomly selected TP from the Bangladesh Thalassemia Foundation. Participants were invited to face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and % ages), independent t-test, ANOVA, and Multivariate (linear and logistic regression) analysis were performed on the collected data.ResultsOur demographic data showed that among 356 patients, 54% and 46% were male and female, respectively, with an average age of 17 years. The majority were transfusion-dependent (91 %), with a quarter of the patients (26%) having comorbidities, and half of the patients (52%) were from low-income families. Therefore, the medical expenses per annum for each patient of 60,000 BDT were a real burden for those patients. In the case of HRQoL, male patients showed significantly higher scores of bodily pains and physical health summaries than female patients. Lower income, high blood transfusion status, disease severity, comorbidities, and medical expenses (p < 0.05; CI 95%) are significantly associated with lower SF-36 scores.ConclusionsThis study found an association between lower income, blood transfusion, disease severity, comorbidities, and medical expenses and the deterioration of HRQoL among TP. Male patients experienced poorer HRQoL compared to their female counterparts. National action plans are required to guarantee the holistic welfare of thalassemia patients.
Integrating Micro-Depot Freight Transport in Existing Public Transport Services
Authors: Hörsting Lena , Cleophas Catherine 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As conventional last-mile transport contributes to traffic congestion and pollution, new approaches to transporting freight in urban areas are needed. Integrating freight deliveries with existing public transport infrastructures, such as light rail, is a promising concept. However, it poses the challenge of offering a high service quality for passengers and freight. In this work, we consider a setting where freight originates from and is transshipped at several public transit stops that serve as micro-depots. These micro-depots have a limited storage capacity. Further, we consider a system that relies on shared vehicles, where a dedicated part of the capacity serves either as room to fasten freight containers or as a standing room for passengers. For this setting, we propose an optimization model that integrates the tactical scheduling of vehicles and the allocation of freight containers to vehicles. To solve realistically-sized instances, we propose an adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic. We use this heuristic to evaluate the system’s sensitivity to the capacity of micro-depots and vehicles in various scenarios.
Action Spectrum for Reorientations in Bacteriorhodopsin of Purple Membrane in Suspension
Authors: MOSTAFA Hamdy I. A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present study, the dependency of purple membrane (PM) dielectric responses on the wavelength of light in the range 380–750 nm has showed meaningful changes about the rotation of PM in suspension and about the rotation of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) trimmer inside PM, as well. The action spectrum of PM random walk substantiates the existence of two states of bR. One of them (blue edge-state) lies at the blue edge and the other (red edge-state) at the red edge of the visible absorption of bR. The results might bear on correlation of these bands to some bR photocycle intermediates or bR photoproducts. The results implicate the protein-chromophore interactions that eventually underlie protein-lipid interactions. Disrupture of the protein-lipid contact during illumination with light of wavelength in the range 410–470 nm as well as 610–720 nm has resulted in emerging of distinct dielectric dispersion at 0.06–0.08 MHz, and which is comparable to the size of bR trimmer or monomer. The work reports on the chromatic adaptation of bR in view of the dielectric spectral parameters of PM. It aimed to explore a correlation seemingly found between the light wavelength and the relaxations of bR trimmer inside PM. Changes in rotational diffusion of bR trimmer upon blue and red light illumination can influence the three dimensional data storage based on bR, which may implicate bR in bioelectronics.
A prediction model for moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue in colorectal cancer after chemotherapy: A prospective case‒control study
Authors: Huang Si-Ting , Ke Xi , Wu Yu-Xuan , Yu Xin-Yuan , Liu He-Kun , Liu Dun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims: To develop a model to predict the risk of moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in colorectal cancer patients after chemotherapy.
Methods: The study population was colorectal cancer patients who received chemotherapy from September 2021 to June 2022 in a grade 3 and first-class hospital. Demographic, clinical, physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors were collected 1 to 2 days before chemotherapy. Patients were followed for 1 to 2 days after chemotherapy to assess fatigue using the Piper Fatigue Scale. A random sampling method was used to select 181 patients with moderate to severe CRF as the case group. The risk set sampling method was used to select 181 patients with mild or no CRF as the control group. Logistic regression, back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) and decision tree models were constructed and compared.
Results: A total of 362 patients consisting of 241 derivation samples and 121 validation samples were enrolled. Comparing the three models, the prediction effect of BP-ANN was the best, with a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of 0.83. Internal and external verification indicated the accuracy of prediction was 70.4% and 80.8%, respectively. Significant predictors identified were surgery, complications, hypokalaemia, albumin, neutrophil percentage, pain (VAS score), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score, sleep quality (PSQI score), anxiety (HAD-A score), depression (HAD-D score) and nutrition (PG-SGA score).
Conclusions: BP-ANN was the best model, offering theoretical guidance for clinicians to formulate a tool to identify patients at high risk of moderate to severe CRF.
Impact：
· A prediction model can be developed to predict the risk of moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue in colorectal cancer patients after chemotherapy.
· The BP-ANN model offers theoretical guidance for a clinically predictable tool to assist nurses in identifying and supporting patients at high risk of moderate to severe CRF.
· There are 11 risk factors for moderate to severe CRF in patients with colorectal cancer after chemotherapy, and the BP-ANN is the best prediction model with strong predictive performance.
CD38-targeted and erythrocyte membrane camouflaged nano-drug delivery system for photothermal-chemotherapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhang Fangrong , Yang Qin , Tang Sishi , Jiang SiYi , Zhao Qiangqiang , Li Jian , Xu Cong , Liu Jing , Fu Yunfeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant and incurable disease. Currently, chemotherapy is the primary approach for the treatment of MM. Bortezomib (BTZ) is a breakthrough drug for MM, significantly improving patient survival. However, BTZ can interrupt the treatment due to its serious side effects. Therefore, developing novel therapeutics for MM is essential. Herein, an innovative nanoparticle-based drug delivery system P-R@Ni3P-BTZ is designed and constructed to treat MM. The present study investigated the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of P-R@Ni3P-BTZ in vitro and in vivo. Results: Trinickel monophosphide nanoparticles (Ni3P NPs) are spherical porous hollow materials with photothermal performance. As a novel scaffold, Ni3P integrates photothermal therapy (PTT) with chemotherapy by loading BTZ (Ni3P-BTZ). In addition, Ni3P-BTZ is wrapped by a thin layer of the red blood cell membrane (Rm) to form R@Ni3P-BTZ, which confers the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and reduces immunogenicity. Finally, CD38-targeting peptide P is inserted into Rm via DSPE-PEG2000-P to precisely target MM cells (P-R@Ni3P-BTZ). In vitro and in vivo, it proved that P-R@Ni3P-BTZ has excellent targeting ability to CD38 + MM cells and is highly effective in killing MM cells. P-R@Ni3P-BTZ significantly induces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increases apoptosis of MM cells, which underlies the primary mechanism of antitumor effects. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments proved that P-R@Ni3P possesses good biocompatibility and biosafety. Conclusions: These findings suggested that P-R@Ni3P-BTZ nanodrug delivery system is a promising CD38 targeting chemotherapy and PTT nanocomposites, which is a specific and efficient MM therapeutic method.
Explore the electrochemical performance of a novel metal copper-sodium battery
Authors: Xu Wenhan , Li Yanwei , Yao Jinhuan , Jiang Jiqiong , Zhu Qing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Exploring a novel metal battery with a simple manufacturing process and low production cost is crucial for the development of the next-generation energy storage system. In this work, the electrochemical performance of a novel Cu-Na battery by using Cu foils as a cathode and Na foils as an anode was studied for the first time. The Cu-Na battery exhibits good reversibility of the electrochemical reactions and cycling stability, it delivers an available discharge capacity of 61.5% of the charge capacity under a charge capacity limitation of 0.02 mAh cm-2 with a current density of 0.1 mA cm-2 after 50 cycles. EIS analysis reveals that the Cu-Na battery maintains a stable electrochemical reaction resistance with the increase of cycle numbers. This work suggests that the novel Cu-Na battery could a promising candidate for the next-generation energy storage system.
Targeting MALAT1 Augments Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition by Impairing Homologous Recombination in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yadav Anjali , Biswas Tanay , Praveen Ayush , Ganguly Promit , Verma Ayushi , Datta Dipak , Ateeq Bushra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic intervention for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the clinical utility of PARPi has been limited to a subset of patients who harbour aberrations in the genes associated with the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Here, we report that targeting metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), an oncogenic lncRNA contrives BRCAness-like phenotype and demonstrates contextual synthetic lethality with PARPi. Mechanistically, we show that MALAT1silencing reprograms the HR transcriptome, thus enhancing vulnerability to PARPi. Particularly, co-inhibition of MALAT1and PARP1 exhibits a decline in clonogenic survival, delays resolution of γH2AX foci and reduces tumour burden in mice xenograft model. Moreover, we show that miR-421, a tumour-suppressor miRNA negatively regulates the expression of HR genes, while in aggressive PCa cases, miR-421 is sequestered by MALAT1 leading to increased expression of HR genes. Conclusively, our findings suggest that MALAT1 ablation confers sensitivity to PARPi, thus highlighting an alternative therapeutic strategy for CRPC patients irrespective of the alterations in HR genes.