bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary endodermal sinus tumor originating from the sacral ligament: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lu Han , Jia Dongsong , Tang Qionglan , Shu Shanrong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Endodermal sinus tumor (EST) is a malignant tumor originating from the ovary or testis. In most case, ultrasound examination shows ovarian mass. But there is a special kind of extra-gonadal endodermal sinus tumor, which occur in organs other than gonads with insidious onset. Here we reported a case of endodermal sinus tumor, which originated from the sacral ligament presenting as an acute lower abdominal pain.

Case presentation
A 14-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of acute lower abdominal pain. The ultrasound showed a mass with 72 mm × 64 mm × 50 mm in Douglas, and there was no abnormality in bilateral ovaries and fallopian tubes. Laparoscopic exploration showed a large amount of blood clots in the pelvic cavity. After removal of the blood, we found rotten fish-like tissue in the left sacral ligament, rapid pathology suggested endodermal sinus tumor. After the operation, we retrospectively examined the value of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which was found to be elevated, and post-operative paraffin pathology confirmed the diagnosis. After four cycles of BEP chemotherapy, exploratory laparotomy was performed to remove the visible lesion, but postoperative pathology showed no abnormality. At the one-year follow-up, the patient remained recurrence-free.

Conclusion
Extra-gonadal germ cell tumors are rarely reported. When young teenagers complain of acute lower abdominal pain with elevated AFP, but there was no lesion in bilateral ovaries and fallopian tubes, we must think about the possibility of endodermal sinus tumors. Accurate diagnosis facilitates complete resection of lesions and improves patient’s outcomes.
Covered SEMS failed to cure airway fistula closed by an amplatzer device
Authors: Lu Huibin , Li Yahua , Ren Kewei , Li Zongming , Liu Juanfang , Duan Xuhua , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Airway fistula is a rare but threatening complication associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. We report the experience of Amplatzer device application in airway fistulae that failed to be cured with a covered self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS).

Materials and methods
Patients who failed occlusion with a covered self-expandable metallic stent and received Amplatzer device placement from Jan 2015 to Jan 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. A total of 14 patients aged 42 to 66 years (55.14 ± 7.87) were enrolled in this study. The primary diseases, types of fistula, types of stents, duration, size of fistula, and follow-up were recorded.

Results
All 14 patients with airway fistula failed to be occluded with a covered metallic stent and received Amplatzer device placement. Among the 14 patients, 6 had BPF, 3 had TEF and 5 had GBF. The average stent time was 141.93 ± 65.83 days. The sizes of the fistulae ranged from 3 to 6 mm. After Amplatzer device placement, the KPS score improved from 62.14 ± 4.26 to 75.71 ± 5.13 (P < 0.05). No procedure-related complications occurred. During the 1-month, 3-month and 6-month follow-ups, all the Amplatzer devices were partially surrounded with granulation. Only 1 patient with BPF failed with Amplatzer device occlusion due to the recurrence of lung cancer.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the application of the Amplatzer device is a safe and effective option in the treatment of airway fistula that failed to be occluded with SEMSs.
Assessment and evaluation of a serious game for teaching factual knowledge in dental education
Authors: Lemos Martin , Wolfart Stefan , Rittich Anne Barbara 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
A serious game application was developed to train factual knowledge and for self-assessment. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of a game application (intervention group) or paper scripts (control group) on knowledge acquisition and to evaluate the acceptance of the new application among dental students.

Methods
The 4th semester students of the second preclinical prosthodontics course were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (n = 58/51) for two consecutive years. The study was conducted in two phases: First, all participants took a pretest, with the intervention group using the game application and the control group receiving the same set of questions in a paper script. In the second phase, all participants took a post-test. After the post-test, both groups had access to the application for another three weeks. After that, all participants completed standardized questionnaires and a scale to evaluate the usability of the system. Usage statistics were also tracked. Differences between groups were evaluated together and for both years separately in terms of pretest and posttest scores and learning success.

Results
There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to the posttest and learning success. A significant improvement in knowledge between pretest and posttest (p < 0.05) was demonstrated in both groups. Each student played approximately 350 questions. Participants rated the application with the German school grade "good". Participants appreciated the application and rated it positively. They stated that the game motivated them to learn and that they spent more time with the learning content.

Conclusion
Due to the positive perception achieved through the game, this application is able to motivate students to learn. The learning effect achieved is similar to learning on paper.
Defining critical illness using immunological endotypes in patients with and without sepsis: a cohort study
Authors: Balch Jeremy A. , Chen Uan-I , Liesenfeld Oliver , Starostik Petr , Loftus Tyler J. , Efron Philip A. , Brakenridge Scott C. , Sweeney Timothy E. , Moldawer Lyle L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is a heterogenous syndrome with limited therapeutic options. Identifying immunological endotypes through gene expression patterns in septic patients may lead to targeted interventions. We investigated whether patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis and with high risk of mortality express similar endotypes to non-septic, but still critically ill patients using two multiplex transcriptomic metrics obtained both on admission to a surgical ICU and at set intervals.

Methods
We analyzed transcriptomic data from 522 patients in two single-site, prospective, observational cohorts admitted to surgical ICUs over a 5-year period ending in July 2020. Using an FDA-cleared analytical platform (nCounter FLEX®, NanoString, Inc.), we assessed a previously validated 29-messenger RNA transcriptomic classifier for likelihood of 30-day mortality (IMX-SEV-3) and a 33-messenger RNA transcriptomic endotype classifier. Clinical outcomes included all-cause mortality, development of chronic critical illness, and secondary infections. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess for true effect and confounding.

Results
Sepsis was associated with a significantly higher predicted and actual hospital mortality. At enrollment, the predominant endotype for both septic and non-septic patients was adaptive, though with significantly different distributions. Inflammopathic and coagulopathic septic patients, as well as inflammopathic non-septic patients, showed significantly higher frequencies of secondary infections compared to those with adaptive endotypes (p < 0.01). Endotypes changed during ICU hospitalization in 57.5% of patients. Patients who remained adaptive had overall better prognosis, while those who remained inflammopathic or coagulopathic had worse overall outcomes. For severity metrics, patients admitted with sepsis and a high predicted likelihood of mortality showed an inflammopathic (49.6%) endotype and had higher rates of cumulative adverse outcomes (67.4%). Patients at low mortality risk, whether septic or non-septic, almost uniformly presented with an adaptive endotype (100% and 93.4%, respectively).

Conclusion
Critically ill surgical patients express different and evolving immunological endotypes depending upon both their sepsis status and severity of their clinical course. Future studies will elucidate whether endotyping critically ill, septic patients can identify individuals for targeted therapeutic interventions to improve patient management and outcomes.
Predicting wing-pylon-nacelle configuration flutter characteristics using adaptive continuation method
Authors: Yu Qijing , Damodaran M. , Khoo B. C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the aeroelastic response of a wing-pylon-nacelle system in subsonic and low supersonic flow regimes is analyzed using the continuation method in conjunction with an adaptive step size control algorithm. Idealizing the pylon and nacelle as a point mass, the computed effects of a standard structural analysis of the wing together with the pylon and nacelle are compared with those of a clean wing to build a reduced-order model for analysis. The aerodynamic forces relating to different reduced frequencies are assessed using the Doublet Lattice Method (DLM) in the subsonic flow regime and supersonic lifting surface theory relying on the unsteady linearized small-disturbance potential flow model in the low supersonic flow regime. The Rational Function Approximation (RFA) method is then utilized for the state-space formulation of the system equations, appended with the continuation method for flutter prediction. Thereafter, the linearized aeroelastic equations are resolved using the continuation method with adaptive step size, the results of which are matched with those obtained from the traditional p-k method to emphasize that the continuation method exhibits a distinct advantage in achieving better accuracy in estimating the flutter speed and identifying the “mode switching” phenomenon.
Internal vaginal douching increases the incidence of vaginal infection among IUD users: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Youssef Ahmed Alaa , Shaaban Omar Mamdouh , Kamal Mariam , Shaltout Asmaa , Abbas Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Ahmed Aboelfadle 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
We compared the rate, type and severity of vulvovaginitis in women who are practicing internal vaginal douching (IVD) or not while using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD).
It is a cross-sectional study on 604 consecutive attendees of the outpatient clinics using IUCD for at least 6 months prior to recruitment. Eligible participants were divided into two groups: group 1 (302 women) performing IVD and group 2 (302 women) not practicing this habit (NIVD). The frequency of vaginal infections in IUCD users who perform IVD compared to women who were abstaining from this habit was our primary outcome.

Results
They are IUCD users who were practicing IVD more frequent history of vaginal infection (VI) compared with NIVD-IUCD users [260 (88.1%) versus 151(43.4%); respectively] (P < 0.001). Current diagnosis of VI was significantly higher in IVD group (275; 91.05%) compared to NIVD group (115; 38.1%) (P < 0.001). Bacterial vaginosis was the most common infection (287; 47.5%) followed by candida vulvovaginitis (278; 46.03%). Moreover, both types of infections were significantly more common in IVD.

Conclusion
The use of IUCD may not increase occurrence of vulvovaginitis, but IVD does increase vaginal infection rate either with or without IUCD use. When vaginal infection happens with IUCD, BV is the most common type of infection followed by Candida albicans.
Autism with co-occurring epilepsy care pathway in Europe
Authors: Mendez Maria A. , Canitano Roberto , Oakley Bethany , San José-Cáceres Antonia , Tinelli Michela , Knapp Martin , Cusack James , Parellada Mara , Violland Pierre , Derk Plas Jan R. , Murphy Declan G. M. , Quoidbach Vinciane , Arango Celso 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Autism and epilepsy often occur together. Epilepsy and other associated conditions have a substantial impact on the well-being of autistic people and their families, reduce quality of life, and increase premature mortality. Despite this, there is a lack of studies investigating the care pathway of autistic children with co-occurring epilepsy in Europe.

Methods
We analyzed the care pathway for autistic children with associated epilepsy in Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom from the perspective of caregivers (using a survey aimed at caregivers of autistic children 0–18 years old), the autistic community, and professionals, in order to identify major barriers preventing caregivers and autistic children from receiving timely screening and treatment of possible co-occurring epilepsy.

Results
Across all three countries, an analysis of the current care pathway showed a lack of systematic screening of epilepsy in all autistic children, lack of treatment of co-occurring epilepsy, and inappropriate use of antiepileptic drugs. A major challenge is the lack of evidence-based harmonized guidelines for autism with co-occurring epilepsy in these countries.

Conclusions
Our findings show both heterogeneity and major gaps in the care pathway for autism with associated epilepsy and the great efforts that caregivers must make for timely screening, diagnosis, and adequate management of epilepsy in autistic children. We call for policy harmonization in Europe in order to improve the experiences and quality of life of autistic people and their families.
Women's groups, covariate shocks, and resilience: An evidence synthesis of past shocks to inform a response to COVID-19
Authors: Walcott Rebecca , Schmidt Carly , Kaminsky Marina , Singh Roopal Jyoti , Anderson Leigh , Desai Sapna , de Hoop Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Background: Interventions with women’s groups are increasingly seen as an important strategy for advancing women’s empowerment, health, and economic outcomes in low- and middle-income countries, with the potential to increase the resiliency of members and their communities during widespread covariate shocks, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This evidence synthesis compiles evidence from past shocks on women’s group activities and the extent to which women’s groups mitigate the effects of shocks on members and communities. We reviewed 90 documents from academic databases, organizational reports, and additional gray literature, and included literature diverse in geography, type of women’s group, and shock. Results: The literature suggests that covariate shocks tend to disrupt group activities and reduce group resources, but linkages to formal institutions can mitigate this impact by extending credit beyond the shock-affected resource pool. Evidence was largely supportive of women’s groups providing resilience to members and communities, though findings varied according to shock severity, group purpose and structure, and outcome measures. Further, actions to support individual resilience during a shock, such as increased payment flexibility, may run counter to group resilience. The findings of the evidence synthesis are largely consistent with emerging evidence about women’s groups and COVID-19 in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Conclusions: We finalize the paper with a discussion on policy implications, including the importance of sustainable access to financial resources for women’s group members; equity considerations surrounding the distribution of group benefits and burdens; and the potential for meaningful partnerships between women’s groups and local governments and/or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to enhance community response amidst crises.
Resilience Messaging: The Effect of Governors’ Social Media Communications on Community Compliance During a Public Health Crisis
Authors: Mousavi Reza , Gu Bin 
Published: July 2023

Research Spotlight: Breaking new ground in crisis management, our study unveils the game-changing power of social media for community leaders. Scrutinizing social media posts from U.S. governors and supported by controlled experiments, we’ve delivered tangible tips for supercharging their messages, increasing effectiveness by 12%. Wondering how we gauge effectiveness? It’s all about the community heeding government advice. Picture a governor issuing a hurricane warning on Twitter, urging locals to take cover or flee. Our study reveals a secret weapon for boosting compliance: embedding resilience in social media messages. This approach enables leaders to convince residents taking shelter or evacuating, a potentially lifesaving tactic in our era of escalating natural disasters. The benefits don’t stop at safety. Leaders wielding resilience messages can also win hearts, earning themselves a reputation as charismatic inspirations in their community. Saving lives and gaining popularity at the same time! Harnessing cutting-edge Large Language Models (i.e. ChatGPT and its AI siblings), we developed a tool for leaders to analyze content and craft effective social media posts for crisis management before going live. Give it a whirl at https://huggingface.co/spaces/paragon-analytics/ResText .
Nintedanib-Induced Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Takahashi Taku , Sato Yasushi , Kashihara Takanori , Miyata Yoshihiro , Fujino Yasuteru , Mitsui Yasuhiro , Okamoto Koichi , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Nishioka Yasuhiko , Takayama Tetsuji 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. However, its association with nintedanib use, antifibrotic therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), has not been reported. We present 2 cases of GAVE that were presumed to be secondary to nintedanib use in patients with IPF. Both patients experienced anemia, one of which had hematemesis. GAVE diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Moreover, successful treatment was achieved with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation. These cases highlight the importance of considering GAVE as a potential cause of anemia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with IPF receiving nintedanib.
Inhibitory effect of organic acids on human neutrophil myeloperoxidase’s peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities
Authors: Sarkarati Bahram 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Myeloperoxidase from polymorphonuclear leukocytes is an important enzyme in oxidative metabolism and has a key role in tissue injuries in oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, its inhibitors have become the focus of studies on new drug development in recent years. The aim of the study was to determine the inhibitory effect of organic acids on the peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities of myeloperoxidase.

Methods
Seven organic acids naturally abundant in plants were tested. Different activities of myeloperoxidase were measured in the presence of various amounts of organic acids, and inhibition rates and kinetic parameters were determined for each organic acid separately.

Results
All the organic acids examined had inhibitory effects on the different activities of myeloperoxidase. Comparison of the IC50 values obtained for peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities showed that oxalic acid was the strongest inhibitor of myeloperoxidase activity, while citric acid and succinic acid were the weakest.

Conclusions
The results suggested that all the organic acids examined are inhibitors of myeloperoxidase. In particular, oxalic acid and fumaric acid are popular candidates for drug development research. More studies are needed to determine the in vivo effects of organic acids and their effects in the treatment of disease.
Nutritional characterisation of homemade beef sausage based on amino acid, biogenic amines, and fatty acid composition
Authors: Berisha K. , Gashi A. , Mednyánszky Zs. , Bytyqi H. , Simon Sarkadi L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the nutritional quality of homemade beef sausages by examining the amino acid, biogenic amine, and fatty acid composition. The most abundant amino acids were Ala (15.56%), Leu (13.28%), Gly (8.64%), Pro (8.41%), Ser (8.26%), and Val (7.65%). The essential amino acids accounted for 44.30% of total amino acids. Apart from the protein building amino acids, the free amino acid content was relatively high, accounting for 10% of total amino acid content. The average biogenic amine concentration in the sausage samples was low (1.69 mg kg−1). Saturated fatty acids accounted for 59.10% of total fatty acids, followed by monounsaturated (38.63%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (2.27%). The fatty acid profile was dominated by oleic (C18:1, 34.37%) and palmitic (C16:0, 30.24%) acids, and short-chain fatty acids were also present, which may have a positive impact on gut health. The results show that beef sausages have a high nutritional value and are a good source of essential amino acids, free amino acids, and fatty acids that are important for human health.
Analysis the Need of Machine Learning in Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterials Model
Authors: Pandey Rohit 
Published: July 2023

Nanomaterials have gained significant attention in various fields due to their unique properties and potential applications. However, accurately predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials remains a challenging task due to their complex structures and size-dependent behaviour. In recent years, machine learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools for predicting material properties, including the mechanical behaviour of nanomaterials. This paper presents an analysis of the need for machine learning in predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. The limitations of traditional approaches, such as empirical models and atomistic simulations, are discussed, highlighting their inability to capture the intricate interactions at the nanoscale. The inherent uncertainty and complexity associated with nanomaterials necessitate more efficient and accurate prediction methods.
Machine learning algorithms offer a promising solution by leveraging large datasets and learning patterns from the available data. Through the use of feature extraction and selection techniques, machine learning models can identify the key parameters influencing the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. Additionally, these models can handle high-dimensional datasets and nonlinear relationships, which are commonly encountered in nanomaterials research. The paper further explores the application of various machine learning techniques, including regression models, support vector machines, random forests, and neural networks, in predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. Examples of recent studies are presented to illustrate the successful implementation of these techniques in different nanomaterial systems, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles.
The analysis considers the challenges and limitations associated with machine learning-based predictions, including the need for large and diverse datasets, potential overfitting, and the interpretability of models. Strategies to address these challenges, such as data augmentation, model regularization, and uncertainty quantification, are discussed. In conclusion, machine learning techniques provide a valuable approach for predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. They offer improved accuracy, efficiency, and scalability compared to traditional methods, enabling researchers to explore and design novel nanomaterials with desired mechanical properties. The further research is needed to address the existing challenges and enhance the interpretability and robustness of machine learning models in this domain.