bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Efficacy of Let’s Talk Tech: Technology Use Planning for Dementia Care Dyads
Authors: Berridge Clara , Turner Natalie R , Liu Liu , Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen I , Lyons Karen S , Demiris George , Kaye Jeffrey , Lober William B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Objective
Care partners of people living with dementia require support to knowledgeably navigate decision making about how and when to use monitoring technologies for care purposes. We conducted a pilot study of a novel self-administered intervention, “Let’s Talk Tech,” for people living with mild dementia and their care partners. This paper presents preliminary efficacy findings of this intervention designed to educate and facilitate dyadic communication about a range of technologies used in dementia care and to document the preferences of the person living with dementia. It is the first-of-its-kind decision-making and planning tool with a specific focus on technology use.

Research Design and Methods
We used a 1-group pretest–post-test design and paired t tests to assess change over 2 time periods in measures of technology comprehension, care partner knowledge of the participant living with mild Alzheimer’s disease’s (AD) preferences, care partner preparedness to make decisions about technology use, and mutual understanding. Thematic analysis was conducted on postintervention interview transcripts to elucidate mechanisms and experiences with Let’s Talk Tech.

Results
Twenty-nine mild AD dementia care dyads who live together completed the study. There was statistically significant improvement with medium and large effect sizes on outcome measures of care partners’ understanding of each technology, care partners’ perceptions of the person living with dementia’s understanding of each technology, knowledge of the person living with dementia’s preferences, decision-making preparedness, and care partners’ feelings of mutual understanding. Participants reported that it helped them have important and meaningful conversations about using technology.

Discussion and Implications
Let’s Talk Tech demonstrated promising preliminary efficacy on targeted measures that can lead to informed, shared decision making about technologies used in dementia care. Future studies should assess efficacy with larger samples and more diverse sample populations in terms of race, ethnicity, and dementia type.
Queer Aging: Older Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults’ Visions of Late Life
Authors: Miller Lisa R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Diversity in aging has received increased attention in recent years in the field of gerontology. However, older lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people have largely been missing from these conversations. In this study, I examine older LGB people’s subjective views on the aging process, focusing specifically on visions of late life.

Research Design and Methods
Life story interviews were conducted with 60 LGB individuals over the age of 55 who reside in the Southeastern and Midwestern portions of the United States. Inductive coding (e.g., line-by-line, focused) and analyses were conducted.

Results
Four major themes emerged from the data: (1) financial distress linked to past events of homophobic discrimination, (2) anxieties regarding staying in paid care settings, (3) desires to age in place or “in community” with other lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people, and (4) a prioritization of quality of life over longevity via plans to pursue assisted suicide.

Discussion and Implications
The findings of this study suggest that views of aging and visions of late life are tied to social group membership, highlighting the need for gerontologists to further consider cumulative inequality processes. The study also offers evidence of queer aging, wherein queer culture, history, and experience produce distinct meanings of aging.
Relevance of glyco-biomakers and glycan profiles in cancer stem cells
Authors: Pujari Rohit , Dubey Shiv Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Altered and aberrant glycosylation signatures have been linked to being a hallmark in a variety of human disorders including cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), capable of self-renewal and differentiation, have recently been credited with a unique notion of disease genesis and implicated as the cause for initiation and recurrence of the disease in a new regime of neoplastic transformations hypothesis. Many biomarkers relating to diagnostic and prognostic intents have been discovered using the ubiquitous and abundant surface glycan patterns on CSCs. Various technological advancements have been developed to identify and determine concerns with glycosylation structure. However, the nature and purpose of the glycan moiety on these glycosylation pattern have not yet been thoroughly investigated. This review, thus, summarizes the process of glycosylation in CSCs, variations in glycosylation patterns in various stem cells, aberrant glycosylation patterns in cancer, the role of glycosylation in tumor cell adhesion, cell–matrix interactions, and signaling, as well as cancer detection and treatment. The function of carbohydrates as prospective serum biomarkers, some clinically authorized biomarkers, and potential novel biomarkers relating to cancer disease diagnosis and prognosis are also discussed in the review.
Automated Clinical Pathway Utilizing Custom Risk Stratification Identifies Substantial Rates of Overdue Follow-up Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Facilitates Population Health Interventions
Authors: Schroeder Matthew K , Tan Sean A , Touma Mary-Joe , Basit Mujeeb , Fudman David I 
Published: March 2023

Lay Summary
We describe the development and implementation of a dynamic clinical pathway, the IBD CarePath, integrated into the electronic health record that applies custom risk stratification to identify patients with IBD who are overdue for clinical follow-up.
Machine Talk: How Verbal Embodiment in Conversational AI Shapes Consumer–Brand Relationships
Authors: Bergner Anouk S , Hildebrand Christian , Häubl Gerald 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This research shows that AI-based conversational interfaces can have a profound impact on consumer–brand relationships. We develop a conceptual model of verbal embodiment in technology-mediated communication that integrates three key properties of human-to-human dialogue—(1) turn-taking (i.e., alternating contributions by the two parties), (2) turn initiation (i.e., the act of initiating the next turn in a sequence), and (3) grounding between turns (i.e., acknowledging the other party’s contribution by restating or rephrasing it). These fundamental conversational properties systematically shape consumers’ perception of an AI-based conversational interface, their perception of the brand that the interface represents, and their behavior in connection with that brand. Converging evidence from four studies shows that these dialogue properties enhance the perceived humanness of the interface, which in turn promotes more intimate consumer–brand relationships and more favorable behavioral brand outcomes (greater recommendation acceptance, willingness to pay a price premium, brand advocacy, and brand loyalty). Moreover, we show that these effects are reduced in contexts requiring less mutual understanding between the consumer and the brand. This research highlights how fundamental principles of human-to-human communication can be harnessed to design more intimate consumer–brand interactions in an increasingly AI-driven marketplace.
Application of the FMEA Method in Improving the Quality Management of Emergency Complete Blood Count Testing
Authors: Lv Shuangshuang , Sun Yingqian , Zhang Jian , Jin Tingting , Hu Xiaxuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) was used to identify factors that contribute to quality management deficiencies in laboratory testing of emergency complete blood count (CBC).

Methods
Improvements included instrument updates, personnel training, and laboratory information system optimization. We used operational data from January 2021 (control group) and January 2022 (FMEA group) to compare the risk priority number (RPN) of FMEA, emergency CBC laboratory turnaround time (TAT), error report rate, and specimen failure rate.

Results
After the implementation of FMEA, the average RPN dropped from 36.24 ± 9.68 to 9.45 ± 2.25, (t = 20.89, P &lt; .05). Additionally, the median TAT for emergency CBCs decreased from 23 min to 11 min as did the interquartile distance (17-34 min to 8-16 min) (P &lt; .05). The rate of emergency CBC error reports decreased from 1.39% to 0.71% (P &lt; .05), and the specimen failure rate decreased from 0.95% to 0.32% (P &lt; .05). Patient satisfaction also increased from 43% to 74% (P &lt; .05), and the technician-performed morphology assessment pass rate increased from 16.7% to 100% (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
Improving the emergency CBC testing process with FMEA can shorten emergency CBC laboratory TAT and reduce specimen failure rates and reporting error rates. The FMEA can be used to improve quality management in emergency CBC laboratories.
Comprehensive Next-Generation Sequencing Testing in a Patient with TEMPI Syndrome
Authors: Nunes Rosado Flavia Guimaraes , Lekovic Danijela , Gagan Jeffrey , Malter James , Chen Weina , Sykes David B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
TEMPI syndrome is a new and poorly understood disease that is currently considered a type of plasma cell neoplasm with paraneoplastic manifestations. The TEMPI acronym defines the hallmarks of the syndrome: T for telangiectasia; E for erythrocytosis with elevated erythropoietin; M, monoclonal gammopathy; P, perinephric collections; and I, intrapulmonary shunting. Due to the marked erythrocytosis as the most common presenting feature, TEMPI is often misdiagnosed as polycythemia vera. However, unlike polycythemia vera, TEMPI is not associated with a JAK2 mutation. The pathogenesis of TEMPI syndrome is unknown, although a few hypothetical disease mechanisms have been previously discussed. Here we present a new case of TEMPI syndrome, discuss results of a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel covering 1,425 known cancer-related genes, and review the current literature with focus on an update of the genetics of TEMPI syndrome. This is the first report of TEMPI that includes results of comprehensive NGS testing.
Identification of Differential Metabolites Between &#x2028;Type 2 Diabetes and Postchronic Pancreatitis Diabetes (Type 3c) Based on an Untargeted Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Qi Liang , Ye Zheng , Lin Hao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
A nontargeted metabolomics approach was established to characterize serum metabolic profile in type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) secondary to chronic pancreatitis and compare with T2DM.

Methods
Forty patients were recruited for metabolite analysis based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cluster heatmap and KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis were used to analyze the specific and differential metabolites. The receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) were generated and correlation analysis with clinical data was conducted.

Results
Metabolites including sphingosine, lipids, carnitine, bile acid, and hippuric acid were found to be different between T2DM and T3cDM, mainly enriched in bile acid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and sphingolipid metabolic pathways. The ROCs were generated with an area under the curve of 0.907 (95% confidence interval, 0.726–1) for the model with 15 metabolites.

Conclusion
T3cDM is characterized by increased sphingosine, carnitine, bile acid, and most lipids, providing novel biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and a future direction in research on pathophysiological mechanisms.
The 2019 outburst of AMXP SAX J1808.4–3658 and radio follow up of MAXI J0911–655 and XTE J1701–462
Authors: Gasealahwe K V S , Monageng I M , Fender R P , Woudt P A , Motta S E , van den Eijnden J , Williams D R A , Heywood I , Bloemen S , Groot P J , Vreeswijk P , McBride V , Klein-Wolt M , Körding E , Le Poole R , Pieterse D , de Wet S 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe present radio coverage of the 2019 outburst of the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar (AMXP) SAX J1808.4–3658, obtained with MeerKAT. We compare these data to contemporaneous X-ray and optical measurements in order to investigate the coupling between accretion and jet formation in this system, while the optical light curve provides greater detail of the outburst. The reflaring activity following the main outburst peak was associated with a radio re-brightening, indicating a strengthening of the jet in this phase of the outburst. We place quasi-simultaneous radio and X-ray measurements on the global radio:X-ray plane for X-ray binaries, and show they reside in the same region of luminosity space as previous outburst measurements, but significantly refine the correlation for this source. We also present upper limits on the radio emission from the AMXP MAXI J0911–655 and the transitional Z/Atoll-type transient XTE J1701–462. In the latter source, we also confirm that nearby large-scale structures reported in previous radio observations of the source are persistent over a period of ∼15 yr, and so are almost certainly background radio galaxies and not associated with the X-ray transient.
Tuning strand displacement kinetics enables programmable ZTP riboswitch dynamic rangein vivo
Authors: Bushhouse David Z , Lucks Julius B 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA large body of work has shown that transcriptional riboswitches function through internal strand displacement mechanisms that guide the formation of alternative structures which drive regulatory outcomes. Here, we sought to investigate this phenomenon using the Clostridium beijerinckii pfl ZTP riboswitch as a model system. Using functional mutagenesis with Escherichia coli gene expression assays, we show that mutations designed to slow strand displacement of the expression platform enable precise tuning of riboswitch dynamic range (2.4–34-fold), depending on the type of kinetic barrier introduced, and the position of the barrier relative to the strand displacement nucleation site. We also show that expression platforms from a range of different Clostridium ZTP riboswitches contain sequences that impose these barriers to affect dynamic range in these different contexts. Finally, we use sequence design to flip the regulatory logic of the riboswitch to create a transcriptional OFF-switch, and show that the same barriers to strand displacement tune dynamic range in this synthetic context. Together, our findings further elucidate how strand displacement can be manipulated to alter the riboswitch decision landscape, suggesting that this could be a mechanism by which evolution tunes riboswitch sequence, and providing an approach to optimize synthetic riboswitches for biotechnology applications.
Adapting the Primary Care PTSD Screener for firefighters
Authors: Baker L D , Smith A J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
By the nature of their work, first responders are at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Efficient screening instruments are useful to identify at-risk first responders and connect them to services.

Aims
The current study aimed to (i) evaluate the diagnostic properties of the Primary Care PTSD for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) scale among firefighters, (ii) explore the use of an adapted PC-PTSD-5 on a five-point Likert-type scale and (iii) examine sensitivity and specificity of the adapted instrument in this population.

Methods
Pooled data were analysed among firefighters (N = 92) from a treatment-seeking sample (n = 36) and a population health screening sample (n = 56). Participants completed an adapted version of the PC-PTSD-5 and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed, referencing PCL-5 cut-off/probable diagnostic threshold scores.

Results
The PC-PTSD-5 demonstrated excellent operating characteristics overall. A threshold of 3 was optimal for discriminating probable PTSD using a proxy for the original PC-PTSD-5 (range: 0–5), whereas a score of 9 was identified for the PC-PTSD-5 permutation that allowed for more response variability (range: 0–20).

Conclusions
Our preliminary data suggest the PC-PTSD-5 may be a useful tool for brief firefighter screening, with suggested cut-offs that require further replication and expanded investigation.
MicroRNA408 negatively regulates salt tolerance by affecting secondary cell wall development in maize
Authors: Qin Ruidong , Hu Yumei , Chen Huan , Du Qingguo , Yang Juan , Li Wen-Xue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough microRNA408 (miR408) is a highly conserved miRNA, the miR408 response to salt stress differs among plant species. Here, we show that miR408 transcripts are strongly repressed by salt stress and methyl viologen treatment in maize (Zea mays). Application of N, N1-dimethylthiourea partly relieved the NaCl-induced down-regulation of miR408. Transgenic maize overexpressing MIR408b is hypersensitive to salt stress. Overexpression of MIR408b enhanced the rate of net Na+ efflux, caused Na+ to locate in the inter-cellular space, reduced lignin accumulation, and reduced the number of cells in vascular bundles under salt stress. We further demonstrated that miR408 targets ZmLACCASE9 (ZmLAC9). Knockout of MIR408a or MIR408b or overexpression of ZmLAC9 increased the accumulation of lignin, thickened the walls of pavement cells, and improved salt tolerance of maize. Transcriptome profiles of the wild-type and MIR408b-overexpressing transgenic maize with or without salt stress indicated that miR408 negatively regulates the expression of cell wall biogenesis genes under salt conditions. These results indicate that miR408 negatively regulates salt tolerance by regulating secondary cell wall development in maize.
Visual Inference and Graphical Representation in Regression Discontinuity Designs
Authors: Korting Christina , Lieberman Carl , Matsudaira Jordan , Pei Zhuan , Shen Yi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the widespread use of graphs in empirical research, little is known about readers’ ability to process the statistical information they are meant to convey (“visual inference”). We study visual inference in the context of regression discontinuity (RD) designs by measuring how accurately readers identify discontinuities in graphs produced from data-generating processes calibrated on 11 published papers from leading economics journals. First, we assess the effects of different graphical representation methods on visual inference using randomized experiments. We find that bin widths and fit lines have the largest effects on whether participants correctly perceive the presence or absence of a discontinuity. Our experimental results allow us to make evidence-based recommendations to practitioners, and we suggest using small bins with no fit lines as a starting point to construct RD graphs. Second, we compare visual inference on graphs constructed using our preferred method with widely used econometric inference procedures. We find that visual inference achieves similar or lower type I error (false positive) rates and complements econometric inference.
The effect of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis is modulated by nitrogen supply and reduced water availability in Picea abies
Authors: Ofori-Amanfo Kojo Kwakye , Klem Karel , Veselá Barbora , Holub Petr , Agyei Thomas , Juráň Stanislav , Grace John , Marek Michal V , Urban Otmar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is assumed that the stimulatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on photosynthesis and growth may be substantially reduced by co-occurring environmental factors and the length of CO2 treatment. Here, we present the study exploring the interactive effects of three manipulated factors ([CO2], nitrogen supply and water availability) on physiological (gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence), morphological and stoichiometric traits of Norway spruce (Picea abies) saplings after 2 and 3 years of the treatment under natural field conditions. Such multifactorial studies, going beyond two-way interactions, have received only limited attention until now. Our findings imply a significant reduction of [CO2]-enhanced rate of CO2 assimilation under reduced water availability which deepens with the severity of water depletion. Similarly, insufficient nitrogen availability leads to a down-regulation of photosynthesis under elevated [CO2] being particularly associated with reduced carboxylation efficiency of the Rubisco enzyme. Such adjustments in the photosynthesis machinery result in the stimulation of water-use efficiency under elevated [CO2] only when it is combined with a high nitrogen supply and reduced water availability. These findings indicate limited effects of elevated [CO2] on carbon uptake in temperate coniferous forests when combined with naturally low nitrogen availability and intensifying droughts during the summer periods. Such interactions have to be incorporated into the mechanistic models predicting changes in terrestrial carbon sequestration and forest growth in the future.
Dynamic changes of the contents of photoprotective substances and photosynthetic maturation during leaf development of evergreen tree species in subtropical forests
Authors: Yu Zheng-Chao , Lin Wei , He Wei , Yan Guan-Zhao , Zheng Xiao-Ting , Luo Yan-Na , Zhu Hui , Peng Chang-Lian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many studies have investigated the photoprotective and photosynthetic capacity of plant leaves, but few have simultaneously evaluated the dynamic changes of photoprotective capacity and photosynthetic maturation of leaves at different developmental stages. As a result, the process between the decline of photoprotective substances and the onset of photosynthetic maturation during plant leaf development are still poorly understood, and the relationship between them has not been quantitatively described. In this study, the contents of photoprotective substances, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic capacity of leaves at different developmental stages from young leaves to mature leaves were determined by spatio-temporal replacement in eight dominant tree species in subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests. The correlation analysis found that the data sets of anthocyanins, flavonoids, total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity were mainly distributed on one side of the symmetry axis (y = x), while the data sets of flavonoids, total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity were mainly distributed on both sides of the symmetry axis (y = x). In addition, the content of photoprotective substances in plant leaves was significantly negatively correlated with photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic capacity but was significantly positively correlated with dark respiration rate (Rd). When chlorophyll accumulated to ~50% of the final value, the photoprotective substance content and Rd of plant leaves reached the lowest level, and anthocyanins disappeared completely; in contrast, the photosynthetic capacity reached the highest level. Our results suggest that anthocyanins mainly play a light-shielding role in the young leaves of most plants in subtropical forests. In addition, 50% chlorophyll accumulation in most plant leaves was the basis for judging leaf photosynthetic maturity. We also believe that 50% chlorophyll accumulation is a critical period in the transition of plant leaves from high photoprotective capacity (high metabolic capacity, low photosynthetic capacity) to low photoprotective capacity (low metabolic capacity, high photosynthetic capacity).