bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Investigation of Proteoglycan Gene Expression in Breast Cancer: Discovery of a Unique Proteoglycan Gene Signature Linked to the Malignant Phenotype
Authors: Buraschi Simone , Pascal Gabriel , Liberatore Federico , Iozzo Renato V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSolid tumors present a formidable challenge in oncology, necessitating innovative approaches to improve therapeutic outcomes. Proteoglycans, multifaceted molecules within the tumor microenvironment, have garnered attention due to their diverse roles in cancer progression. Their unique ability to interact with specific membrane receptors, growth factors, and cytokines provides a promising avenue for the development of recombinant proteoglycan‐based therapies that could enhance the precision and efficacy of cancer treatment. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the proteoglycan gene landscape in human breast carcinomas. Leveraging the available wealth of genomic and clinical data regarding gene expression in breast carcinoma and using a machine learning model, we identified a unique gene expression signature composed of five proteoglycans differentially modulated in the tumor tissue: Syndecan‐1 and asporin (upregulated) and decorin, PRELP and podocan (downregulated). Additional query of the breast carcinoma data revealed that serglycin, previously shown to be increased in breast carcinoma patients and mouse models and to correlate with a poor prognosis, was indeed decreased in the vast majority of breast cancer patients and its levels inversely correlated with tumor progression and invasion. This proteoglycan gene signature could provide novel diagnostic capabilities in breast cancer biology and highlights the need for further utilization of publicly available datasets for the clinical validation of preclinical experimental results.
Physical Activity, Sleep and Eating in Young People With Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Remeeus Melissa G. A. , Silvius Jordy A. W. , Feenstra Dine J. , Luyten Patrick , Hutsebaut Joost , Scholte Ron H. J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious research suggests a connection between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and somatic comorbidities, underscoring the importance of lifestyle and health‐related behaviour (LHRB) in the emergence of BPD. We investigated LHRBs—physical activity, sleeping and overeating—among young people at different BPD stages compared to a matched community sample. Furthermore, we explored whether problematic LHRBs intensify in later BPD stages. Participants included 55 young people exhibiting BPD features from a specialized mental health care institution, matched with a community control group based on age, self‐reported and education. A MANOVA assessed differences in physical activity, sleep disturbance, sleep‐related impairment and emotional overeating between the BPD and control group. A second MANOVA explored these behaviours across BPD stages within the clinical group. Results revealed significantly higher levels of sleep‐related problems among young people with BPD features compared to controls. However, no significant differences were found in physical activity or emotional overeating. Furthermore, problematic LHRBs did not show a significant association with BPD stage. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between BPD and problematic LHRBs, emphasizing the importance of early intervention targeting sleep‐related problems in young people with BPD, alongside addressing other aspects of BPD and associated LHRBs.
The effect of population density on the phenotype, metabolic and immunological adaptations in the cuticle of Spodoptera litura larvae
Authors: Wen Liang , Jin Tingting , Luo Xingshi , Yuan Huiting , Li Jin , Xu Chongbo , Jin Fengliang , Zhang Jie , Yu Xiao‐Qiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpecies that experience outbreaks and those that display density‐dependent phase polymorphism demonstrate density‐dependent prophylaxis (DDP) by increasing their immune investment in response to increasing densities. Despite this phenomenon, the mechanisms of DDP remain largely unexplored.RESULTSHere, we showed that Spodoptera litura exhibited heightened cuticular melanization and enhanced cuticular immune responses when reared at higher population density. Transcriptomic analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with immune responses, nutritional metabolism, and cuticular synthesis in the cuticle, revealing the molecular underpinnings of density‐dependent plasticity in larval cuticles. Gregarious S. litura larvae exhibited significant up‐regulation of immune‐related genes, particularly those in the Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) signaling pathways and tyrosine metabolism, suggesting a strategic enhancement of immune defenses. Concurrently, a reduced lipid metabolism was observed in the cuticle of gregarious larvae, with suppressed expression of key genes in the fatty acid synthesis, leading to a decrease in integument triglyceride content. The immune defense of gregarious larvae was further amplified by increased expression of cuticle‐ and melanin formation‐related genes, and reduced chitin degradation, reinforcing the cuticle as a physical barrier against pathogens.CONCLUSIONOur findings clarify that shifts in phenotypic plasticity, metabolic pathways, and immune response mechanisms underscore the adaptability of insects to population density changes and their consequent vulnerability to pathogens, offering new directions and insights for uncovering the mechanisms underlying pest outbreaks and for enhancing the effectiveness of biological control measures by targeting gregarious immunity. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Natural Resource and Food Import Dependence of Africa: Can Democracy Slowdown Dependence?
Authors: Ngassam Sylvain B. , Douanla Sandrine G. , Asongu Simplice A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDespite Africa's huge agricultural potential and natural resource abundance, the continent is paradoxically the most food import dependent and food unsecured in the world. Based on this paradoxical observation, this study seeks to analyze the effect of natural resources on food import dependence in a panel of 38 sub‐Saharan African countries over the period of 2000–2020. The following findings are established. First, natural resource‐dependent countries in Africa are associated with over‐reliance on food dependence. Second, oil and gas rents significantly accentuate food dependence while mineral rent reduces dependence. We find that this situation is reversible, as liberal, egalitarian, deliberative, and electoral democracies mitigate the effect of natural resources on food import dependence. These findings call for a rethinking of the food policy strategy in Africa. Therefore, we suggest that African governments should reduce their over‐reliance on food imports by implementing food import substitution strategies. This can be done by investing part of the revenues from natural resources in agricultural infrastructures and by strengthening institutions, especially democracy.JEL Classification: H11, L66, O55, Q50
Back‐Gated MoS2 Field Effect Transistors as Probes for Melamine‐Induced Surface Charge Transfer Doping
Authors: Mamun Muhammad Shamim Al , Takaoka Tsuyoshi , Wang Zhipeng , Komeda Tadahiro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, we report on the customization of multilayer MoS2‐FET transfer properties by melamine via surface charge doping. NMP was used as a solvent to create the melamine solution. After melamine doping, the multilayer MoS2’s charge carrier density was roughly doubled. After melamine doping, mobility was calculated to be around 28.57 cm−2V−1s−1, whereas the pristine's mobility was approximately 27.38 cm−2V−1s−1. The subthreshold swing of the doped device was ∼ 0.94 V/decade, which is less than the pristine device's ∼ 1.6 V/decade. The doped device demonstrated outstanding switching properties. A factor of greater than 7 was seen in the reduction of extracted contact resistance. The melamine molecule forces n‐doping on the multilayer MoS2, as seen by the left shift of the threshold voltage following the doping process. Following the doping procedure, the Raman spectrum's downward trending E2g and A1g peaks shows that the n‐type doping system's electron concentration is rising. Melamine functions as an n‐type dopant, as confirmed by XPS evidence. Melamine is confirmed to be present on the MoS2 surface by TOF‐SIMS and AFM measurements. Chemical doping might be a useful technique for improving the layered materials' electrical characteristics.
A Quantum Chemical Study on the Mechanism of Base‐Mediated Cyclodimerization of Benzoylethynylpyrrole
Authors: Kobychev Vladimir B. , Belyaeva Kseniya V. , Trofimov Boris A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPossible mechanisms of cyclodimerization of benzoylethynyl pyrrole to give 2,2′‐(dipyrrolo[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐d]pyrazine‐5,10‐diylidene)bis(1‐phenylethanone) have been investigated by using a DFT B2PLYP‐D3/6–311+G**//B3LYP‐D3/6–31+G*+PCM/MeCN approach. This study shows that the cyclodimerization induced by 1‐methylimidazole, and that observed in the presence of strong bases (NaOH or KOH) occur by different mechanisms. The reaction pathway involving 1‐methylimidazole, which starts with the formation of a zwitterionic adduct, was compared with the cyclization pathway as expected by analogy with the acylethynyl pyrrole reaction with 1‐pyrroline. The C─N bond formed by the attack of the acetylene triple bond with the 1‐methylimidazole molecule is maintained throughout the reaction, and the elimination of the imidazole molecule is eliminated only in the final step after pyrazine cycle formation. The formation pathways for the Z,Z‐, Z,E‐, and E,E‐isomers of the product were analyzed. An explanation for the low yield of the final product in the presence of strong bases is proposed and the possible pathways for oligomerization of the initial benzoylethynyl pyrrole are considered.
Green Synthesis of Glycerin Carbonate by Functional, Environmentally Friendly Catalytic Membrane Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Sodium Methoxide
Authors: Hasirci Guler , Hilmioglu Nilufer 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlycerin carbonate, which can be used for multiple purposes in terms of clean and safe energy, is an environmentally friendly and safe electrolyte in Li‐ion batteries and a fuel additive candidate that can reduce harmful emissions in fossil fuels. Green chemical glycerin carbonate was synthesized from dimethyl carbonate and glycerin under mild operation conditions using a recoverable green catalytic membrane. Polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were used as the polymeric matrix and sodium methoxide was used as a base catalyst in the catalytic membrane. TGA, FTIR, SEM, and XRD characterizations were carried out to investigate the thermal resistance and physical and chemical structure of the catalytic membranes. The catalytic activity of the membrane was investigated with batch reactions. Reaction parameters (catalyst amount, temperature, initial molar ratio, and time) affecting the glycerin carbonate yield were investigated. The maximum yield of glycerin carbonate (99.7%) was achieved at 12.5% catalyst amount, 75 °C, DMC/glycerin:3/1 and 180 min. ANOVA analysis was also made using the surface response method with central composite design. It was concluded that the initial molar ratio of DMC/glycerin was the most important factor with the highest F‐value. The developed green catalytic membrane is a promising material for glycerin carbonate synthesis.
Porous Nanoframe Based Plasmonic Structure With High‐Density Hotspots for the Quantitative Detection of Gaseous Benzaldehyde
Authors: Fang Guoqiang , Lin Xiang , Wu Jinlei , Xu Wen , Hasi Wuliji , Dong Bin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOwing to its high sensitivity, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has immense potential for the identification of lung cancer from the variation in volatile biomarkers in the exhaled gas. However, two prevailing factors limit the application of SERS: 1) the adsorption of target molecules into SERS hotspots and 2) the detection specificity in multiple interference environments. To improve the density of the SERS hotspots, 3D Au@Ag‐Au particles are prepared in a porous nanoframes (PPFs) based plasmonic structure, which facilitated a richer local electromagnetic field distribution among the Au nanocubic (NC) cores, Au‐Ag porous nanoframes, and Au nanoparticles, thereby promoting the adsorption probability of gaseous aldehydes into the hotspots. L‐cysteines (l‐Cys)‐modified 3D Au@Ag‐Au PPFs are proposed as a benzaldehyde (BA) gas detection carrier to accurately detect biomarkers in complex exhaled gases and eliminate interference from other components. Unlike the conventional use of 4‐aminothiophenol as a linker molecule, the novel L‐Cys‐modified SERS substrate is sensitive toward the aldehyde molecules and immune to other volatile organic compounds (ethanol, cyclohexane, toluene, etc.). Furthermore, a medical mask consisting of this SERS substrate is designed to realize intelligent detection of gaseous BA concentrations assisted by a machine learning algorithm.
Boosting the Performance of Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer with Vanadium‐Doped NiFe2O4
Authors: Kwon Minsol , Ha Jun Seok , Lee Dong Ho , Kwon Taehyun , Kim Minseo , Jeong Young‐Hun , Kim Han Seul , Ditter Alex , Shapiro David A. , Yu Young‐Sang , Park Yoo Sei , Lee Dongju 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDeveloping efficient, economical, and stable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction is pivotal for producing large‐scale green hydrogen in the future. Herein, a vanadium‐doped nickel‐iron oxide supported on nickel foam (V‐NiFe2O4/NF) is introduced, and synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for water electrolysis. X‐ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopies reveal a synergistic interaction between the vanadium dopant and nickel/iron in the host material, which tunes the electronic structure of NiFe2O4 to increase the number of electrochemically active sites. The V‐NiFe2O4/NF electrode exhibited superior electrochemical performance, with a low overpotential of 186 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope value of 54.45 mV dec−1, and minimal charge transfer resistance. Employing the V‐NiFe2O4/NF electrode as an anode in an alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer single‐cell, a cell voltage of 1.711 V is required to achieve a high current density of 1.0 A cm−2. Remarkably, the cell delivered an energy conversion efficiency of 73.30% with enduring stability, making it a promising candidate for industrial applications.
Synergistically Halogenated and Methoxylated Thiophene Additive Enables High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jiang Xue , Huang Peihao , Tu Kaihuai , Liu Lei , Chen Chen , Li Yulu , Lei Hongliang , Yu Fengyi , Yang Ke , Chen Yao , Chen Haiyan , Shen Zhibang , Li Hongxiang , Hu Dingqin , Duan Tainan , Xiao Zeyun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMorphology control plays a key role for improving efficiency and stability of bulk heterojunctions (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs). Halogenation and methoxylation are two separate ways successfully adopted in additives for morphology optimization. In this work, these two strategies are combined together. A series of halogenated methoxylated thiophenes is designed and synthesized as volatile additives to control the evolution of the BHJ morphology. Specifically, the addition of 2,5‐diiodo‐3,4‐dimethoxythiophene (MT‐I) prominently improves the performance and photostability of OSCs. Computational simulations reveal the noncovalent interactions of MT‐I with the active layer materials that corresponds to the inhibition of excessive aggregation behavior of PM6 and Y6 during the film‐forming process, facilitating favorable phase separation and enhanced molecular stacking. Consequently, PM6:Y6‐based binary OSCs with the treatment of MT‐I achieves a high PCE of 17.93%. Furthermore, MT‐I demonstrates broad feasibility across diverse high‐efficiency BHJ OSCs, leading to superior photovoltaic performance (PCE over 18%). This study offers valuable guidance for the design and application of high‐performance additives in future endeavors.
Purposeful Evolution in Organisational Cybernetics: Symbiosis, Co‐Evolution, Transduction and Axiology in Viable Systems
Authors: Osejo‐Bucheli Camilo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the gap in organisational cybernetics by examining evolutionary adaptation within viable systems through a teleological lens. Traditional views of adaptation as a deterministic, random process are reconsidered, proposing an intentional, goal‐oriented approach. A theoretical review combined with cybernetic modelling was employed to analyse evolutionary theories in relation to the viable system model (VSM). The study focused on core concepts such as autopoiesis, symbiosis, co‐evolution and transduction, synthesising these into a cohesive teleological framework. Findings indicate that evolutionary processes in viable systems can incorporate intentionality through identity‐preserving adaptation, symbiotic relationships and mutualistic co‐evolution, enhancing system viability. The study provides a framework for teleological evolution in organisational cybernetics, highlighting the role of purposeful adaptation in achieving symbiotic viability. This expands VSM theory, suggesting new pathways for integrating teleological and evolutionary processes.
Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Concentrations in Horses: Effects of Age, Gender, Breed, Skin Colour and Season
Authors: Alemi Mohieddin , Ahmadi Sheikhsarmast Saba , Mohri Mehrdad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe optimal amount of vitamin D required for the proper functioning of the immune system differs from the amount necessary for bone homeostasis. Furthermore, vitamin D metabolism varies among horses. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of information regarding reference values for vitamin D in horses, particularly in the Turkmen breed. The primary objectives of this study were to determine the concentrations of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)Vit D) in Turkmen, Thoroughbred and mixed Turkmen × Thoroughbred horses and to explore the effects of various factors on it and its relationship with serum biochemical variables and signalment data.MethodsFor the measurement of 25(OH)Vit D, 90 healthy horses (min age: 6 months; max age: 10 years) that were stable in the north of Iran (37°17′ N, 55°18′ E) were selected for clinical examination and complete blood biochemistry analysis. The horses were categorised into different groups based on sex, season (spring, n = 45; autumn, n = 45), breed (Turkmen, Thoroughbred and mixed Turkmen × Thoroughbred), age (< 2 years, 2–8 years and > 8 years) and skin colour. Sampling was performed only once from each horse.ResultsIn this study, the median serum concentration of 25(OH)Vit D in the sampled horses was 17.42 ng/mL (IQR: 9.82–30.85). The serum 25(OH)Vit D concentration was significantly lower in autumn (median: 15.83 ng/mL and IQR: 8.67–54.68) than in spring (median: 18.02 ng/mL and IQR: 13.77–27.54) and was also lower in Turkmen horses (median: 15.83 ng/mL and IQR: 11.63–23.12) than in mixed breed horses (median: 17.72 ng/mL and IQR: 8.94–51.67) (p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionAccording to the results of the present study, the season had a significant effect on the serum 25(OH)Vit D concentration, and this difference was also observed between Turkmen horses and mixed‐bred horses (p ≤ 0.05). It is unclear whether the time of sun exposure or vitamin D content of diet causes the seasonal difference of 25(OH)Vit D concentration.
Outcomes and Role of Lymphadenectomy in Hypervascular Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Based on CT‐Vascularity
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Yoh Tomoaki , Shimada Kotaro , Hori Yutaro , Koyama Yukinori , Ogiso Satoshi , Ishii Takamichi , Isoda Hiroyoshi , Nakamoto Yuji , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and role of lymphadenectomy in hypervascular intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) quantified using the arterial phase of contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT).MethodsConsecutive patients with mass‐forming (MF) or predominantly MF type ICC who underwent surgical resection from 2000 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Using the image of the late arterial phase, CT‐vascularity was calculated by dividing the CT value of the tumor (Hounsfield units) with that of the liver parenchyma. According to the CT‐vascularity, patients were divided into hypervascular (CT‐vascularity > 1) and non‐hypervascular (CT‐vascularity ≤ 1) groups. Clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups. Further, the prognostic impact of lymphadenectomy was assessed in the hypervascular group.ResultsOf the 135 patients with MF‐ICC, the hypervascular group, and non‐hypervascular group comprised 47 (34.8%) and 88 patients (65.2%), respectively. The hypervascular group displayed clinical features typically associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (i.e., viral hepatitis or history of HCC) and less aggressive tumor characteristics such as lower proportions of regional lymph node metastasis. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) of the hypervascular group were significantly better than those of the non‐hypervascular group (all, p < 0.001), and these results were retained after adjusting for known prognostic factors. Further, implementation of lymphadenectomy was not associated with benefit for OS and RFS in the hypervascular group (p = 0.819, p = 0.912).ConclusionHypervascular ICC itself represents a favorable prognosis, and there is a possibility of omitting lymphadenectomy in this subgroup.
Assessing the Global Warming Potential of a Novel Hybrid Timber-Based Façade System Through Life Cycle and Considering Future Climate Conditions
Authors: Coelho Guilherme B. A. , Buvik Elsa , Hosamo Haidar , Kraniotis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAddressing greenhouse gas emissions in the built environment is crucial due to its significant contribution to the total equivalent CO2 emissions. Recent efforts have primarily focused on enhancing energy efficiency, resulting in notable reductions in energy consumption. However, the next phase of decarbonization in the building sector is increasingly emphasizing the use of materials with lower embodied energy and CO2. A novel hybrid unitized façade (HUF) system has been developed, specifically designed for cold climates, that integrates aluminium and timber. This study aims to assess the carbon footprint of the HUF system, where timber is used to partially replace high-embodied-energy aluminium frame. For this, a comprehensive cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment using One Click LCA, combined with a building energy tool that incorporates future weather data, is employed. This assessment includes the materials and quantities involved in constructing a HUF unit, incorporating their specific environmental product declarations. The study explores two strategies for long-term sustainability: (i) examining the impact of retrofitting the façade system elements in accordance with their respective service life and (ii) examining the impact of a complete retrofit of the façade system at 30 years. This evaluation will be conducted for a generic office building model in Oslo. The study aims to contribute to sustainable practices in the building sector, offering insights for policy and industry, particularly in the context of climate change mitigation. The global warming potential for HUF unit in Oslo is 129 kg CO2e/m2 for scenario RCP 4.5 and 128 kg CO2e/m2 for RCP 8.5.