bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entwicklung eines Sozialstrukturindex zur Ermittlung des
soziostrukturellen Versorgungsbedarfs in der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung
in Brandenburg
Authors: Böckmann Robert , Jaehn Philipp , Bergholz Andreas , Spallek Jacob , Rapp Michael A. , Holmberg Christine 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Trotz wachsender Arztzahlen in der ambulanten medizinischen
Versorgung ist die Diskussion um die Bedarfsplanung weiter aktiv, unter anderem
weil auch die neue Bedarfsplanungsrichtlinie auf die Quote Arzt pro Einwohner
setzt, als diese ursprüngliche und als unzulänglich kritisierte
Berechnungsgrundlage konsequent in Frage zu stellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit
versucht vor diesem Hintergrund für Brandenburg anhand eines Index den
latenten Versorgungsbedarf zu schätzen, die Versorgungssituation
abzubilden und im Anschluss die Hypothese zu überprüfen, ob sich
ÄrztInnen systematisch eher in soziostrukturell privilegierten Regionen
niederlassen und somit eine lokale Ungleichverteilung existiert, die in der
bisherigen Bedarfsplanung unerkannt bleibt.
Methoden Zunächst wurden alle kleinräumig
verfügbaren Daten mit potenziellem Einfluss auf den Versorgungsbedarf
aus der INKAR-Datenbank aggregiert und mittels Hauptkomponentenanalyse
untersucht. Der extrahierte Faktor wurde dann zusammen mit den Praxisstandorten
der ÄrztInnen der hausärztlichen und allgemeinen
fachärztlichen Versorgung auf Karten abgetragen. Zuletzt wurden mittels
linearer Regression die Anzahl der Ärzte pro Mittelbereich mit der
Verteilung des Index ins Verhältnis gesetzt, um relative
Ungleichverteilungen zugunsten der soziostrukturell privilegierten Regionen
aufzudecken.
Ergebnisse Die Hauptkomponentenanalyse ergab eine
Ein-Faktor-Lösung, der extrahierte Faktor wurde nach seinen
Bestandteilen Sozialstrukturindex genannt. Die grafische Darstellung ergab ein
starkes Zentralitätsgefälle. Die Regressionen der Anzahl der
Praxisstandorte nach Indexverteilung ergab keine signifikanten Unterschiede
zwischen Gemeindeverbänden mit hohen versus niedrigen Indexwerten.
Schlussfolgerung Die Erweiterung der Betrachtung des Versorgungsbedarfs um
soziostrukturelle Faktoren erweist sich als nützlich und
bestätigt die Probleme in der ambulanten Versorgung insbesondere in
ruralen Gebieten. Dort kumuliert die dünne Besiedlung oft mit
soziostruktureller Benachteiligung und schlechten Erreichbarkeiten. Eine
relative Unterversorgung solcher Gebiete im Sinne der Präferenz von
Praxisstandorten für privilegierte Gebiete kann hier allerdings nicht
festgestellt werden.
Establishing Core Symptoms of Acute Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Withdrawal: Results from an International Survey of Online Peer-Support Communities
Authors: Shapiro Bryan , Kramer Eric , Khoury Dina , Preda Adrian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground Serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressants are commonly associated with withdrawal reactions. The Discontinuation Emergent Signs and Symptoms (DESS) checklist has been considered the gold standard research and screening tool for SRI withdrawal but has several limitations, including its length, lack of specificity, and omission of baseline symptom and symptom severity scores, making it impractical for use in clinical or research settings. We investigated the prevalence and severity of common SRI withdrawal symptoms to determine whether a very small subset of symptoms can capture most occurrences of SRI withdrawal.Methods We surveyed 344 members of online peer-support communities aged 18–65, reporting withdrawal symptoms after chronic SRI treatment. The severity of nine common withdrawal symptoms was evaluated at baseline and during the withdrawal period.Results Dizziness, brain zaps, irritability/agitation, and anxiety/nervousness demonstrated the largest increase in severity during withdrawal relative to baseline. Nearly all (97.7%) of the 344 subjects and all (100%) 153 subjects with relatively low baseline symptom scores (total<5) reported a worsening of one of these four symptoms. The presence of a baseline anxiety disorder did not affect rates of withdrawal-emergent anxiety/nervousness.Conclusion Nearly all surveyed subjects reported worsening either of dizziness, brain zaps, irritability/agitation, or anxiety/nervousness in acute withdrawal. A screening test incorporating these four core symptoms may be sufficiently sensitive to rule out SRI withdrawal and may be valuable in clinical and research settings. Incorporating withdrawal symptom severity may further enhance specificity.
Endoscopic vacuum therapy for anastomotic leakage after upper gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Pattynama Lisanne M. D. , Pouw Roos E. , Henegouwen Mark I. van Berge , Daams Freek , Gisbertz Suzanne S. , Bergman Jacques J. G. H. M. , Eshuis Wietse J. 
Published: May 2023

Background Recently, endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) was introduced as treatment for anastomotic leakage after upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. The aim of this study was to describe the initial experience with EVT for anastomotic leakage after upper GI surgery in a tertiary referral center.
Methods Patients treated with EVT for anastomotic leakage after upper GI surgery were included retrospectively (January 2018–June 2021) and prospectively (June 2021–October 2021). The primary end point was the EVT success rate. Secondary end points included mortality and adverse events.
Results 38 patients were included (31 men; mean age 66 years): 27 had undergone an esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction and 11 a total gastrectomy with esophagojejunal anastomosis. EVT was successful in 28 patients (74 %, 95 %CI 57 %–87 %). In 10 patients, EVT failed: deceased owing to radiation pneumonitis (n = 1), EVT-associated complications (n = 2), and defect closure not achieved (n = 7). Mean duration of successful EVT was 33 days, with a median of six EVT-related endoscopies. Median hospital stay was 45 days.
Conclusion This initial experience with EVT for anastomotic leakage after upper GI surgery demonstrated a success rate of 74 %. EVT is a promising therapy that could prevent further major surgery. More experience with the technique and its indications will likely improve success rates in the future.
Effectiveness of water pressure method in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection by novice endoscopists
Authors: Masunaga Teppei , Kato Motohiko , Sasaki Motoki , Iwata Kentaro , Miyazaki Kurato , Kubosawa Yoko , Mizutani Mari , Takatori Yusaku , Matsuura Noriko , Nakayama Atsushi , Takabayashi Kaoru , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains challenging for novice endoscopists. Not only the underwater conditions but also active use of water pressure with the water pressure method (WPM) can help widen the submucosal layer. This study aimed to clarify the usefulness of WPM in colorectal ESD, especially for novice endoscopists.
Methods This study was ex vivo and enrolled three novices. Each endoscopist performed conventional ESD (C-ESD) and ESD with WPM (WPM-ESD) 10 times on an excised bovine rectum. The treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results Median procedure time was significantly shorter in the
WPM-ESD group than in the C-ESD group (54 minutes, interquartile range [IQR] 42–67 vs. 45
minutes, IQR 34–55, P = 0.035). Although no significant difference
in the activation time of electrical surgical unit (ESU) during the procedure was noted, the
interval time during the procedure at which the ESU was not activated was significantly
shorter in the WPM-ESD group (52 minutes, IQR 40–65 vs. 42 minutes, IQR 32–52, P = 0.030) than in the C-ESD group. Moreover, the time required for the
endoscope to enter the submucosa was significantly shorter in the WPM-ESD group than in the
C-ESD group (8.0 minutes, IQR 6.0–10 vs. 5.0 minutes, IQR 3.0–6.0, P < 0.001).
Conclusions The present study reveals that the WPM method significantly shortens the procedure times for novices in colorectal ESD, especially the interval time, which refers to the time spent creating the field of view, and the time required for the endoscope to enter the submucosa.
Organocatalyzed Regioselective α,γ-Difunctionalization of Deconjugated Butenolides: Synthesis of Butyrolactone–Butyrolactam Hybrid Molecules
Authors: Baidya Mahiuddin , Mondal Swati Lekha , Patra Koushik , Yadav Rahul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA highly regioselective α,γ-difunctionalization of deconjugated butenolides that allows access to hybrid molecular frameworks composed of unsaturated butyrolactone and butyrolactam motifs is reported. The reaction is catalyzed by inexpensive quinidine, and products are isolated in high yields as a single diastereomer. The γ-selective monofunctionalization was also accomplished through substrate modification.
Synthesis of the A-Ring of Goniodomin A via Radical Cyclization with Vinyl Sulfoxide
Authors: Zakarian Armen , Saito Tatsuo , Masuzawa Yuto , Yajima Arata 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA short synthesis of the A-Ring of Goniodomin A was developed via radical cyclization using vinyl sulfoxide. We found that optically inactive sulfoxides are applicable to the cyclization and Pummerer rearrangement with high stereoselectivity.
Who do we trust and how do we cope with COVID-19? A mixed-methods sequential exploratory approach to understanding supportive messages across 35 cultures
Authors: Au Algae K. Y. , Ng Jacky C. K. , Wu Wesley C. H. , Chen Sylvia Xiaohua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBased upon a mixed-methods follow-up exploratory model, we examined the link between trust and coping during the early outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the society level. Qualitative data were collected from the supportive messages written by 10,072 community adults across 35 societies. Trust and coping were used as the two pre-defined themes in the conceptual content analysis. Five subthemes emerged from the theme trust, depicting five distinct trusted targets: God, a larger us, country/government, science/healthcare, and the affected. Six subthemes emerged from the theme coping, depicting six distinct coping strategies: interpersonal/social coping, religious/spiritual coping, acceptance, blame, wishful thinking, and strength-based coping. A follow-up quantitative investigation also showed that four society-level factors (viz., individualism, cultural tightness, globalization, and severity of pandemic) had differential effects on people’s trusted targets and ways of coping with the pandemic. Our study made both methodological and practical contributions to cross-cultural research on COVID-19 by using a mixed-methods approach in a multinational study and demonstrating the importance of making meaningful virtual connection during a time of physical distancing.
Content validity of the Constructivist Learning in Higher Education Settings (CLHES) scale in the context of the flipped classroom in higher education
Authors: Alqahtani Turki Mesfer , Yusop Farrah Dina , Halili Siti Hajar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the flipped classroom (FC) approach has been a prominent teaching and learning strategy. Despite its popularity, few studies have been undertaken to effectively measure student learning experiences in an FC learning environment. The purpose of this study is to assess the content validity of the Constructivist Learning in Higher Education Settings (CLHES) scale, which is used to measure student learning experiences in a flipped classroom (FC) in the Saudi Arabian higher education environment. The content validity of the eight-dimension scale was examined using the three-tier methodology, including the content validity ratio (CVR) technique, based on the evaluations of selected experts in the field and factor analysis methodology. The results showed that 31 of the 32 items were accepted, with only one item being denied. The findings suggested that this instrument has a strong potential for usage as a valid scale to evaluate the quality of FC teaching and learning among higher education students.
Calibrated transmission and reflection from a multi-qubit microwave package
Authors: Simbierowicz S. , Monarkha V. Y. , von Soosten M. , Andresen S. , Lake R. E. 
Published: May 2023

We report calibrated microwave transmission and reflection measurements of a qubit sample holder at millikelvin temperatures. The methodology we present extends our previous work on one-port cryogenic short–open–load (SOL) calibration to a two-port SOLT measurement by implementing an unknown thru (T) standard. We report the resulting calibrated transmission and reflection at millikelvin temperatures through a printed circuit board that is installed into the sample holder. Finally, we consider a cascade of components at the end of a qubit drive line that includes (1) a cryogenic attenuator, (2) a coaxial cable, and (3) a qubit sample holder. Using experimentally determined parameters for return losses for all three components, we calculate the negligible state-preparation error in the frequency band of 5–7 GHz due to control pulse distortions arising from reflection at the coaxial launches. Taken together, our results highlight the utility of calibrated cryogenic scattering parameter measurements for the validation of qubit packaging and the wiring in its immediate vicinity.
GPU acceleration of local and semilocal density functional calculations in the SPARC electronic structure code
Authors: Sharma Abhiraj , Metere Alfredo , Suryanarayana Phanish , Erlandson Lucas , Chow Edmond , Pask John E. 
Published: May 2023

We present a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-accelerated version of the real-space SPARC electronic structure code for performing Kohn–Sham density functional theory calculations within the local density and generalized gradient approximations. In particular, we develop a modular math-kernel based implementation for NVIDIA architectures wherein the computationally expensive operations are carried out on the GPUs, with the remainder of the workload retained on the central processing units (CPUs). Using representative bulk and slab examples, we show that relative to CPU-only execution, GPUs enable speedups of up to 6× and 60× in node and core hours, respectively, bringing time to solution down to less than 30 s for a metallic system with over 14 000 electrons and enabling significant reductions in computational resources required for a given wall time.
Phosphorylation of α-synuclein at T64 results in distinct oligomers and exerts toxicity in models of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Matsui Hideaki , Ito Shinji , Matsui Hideki , Ito Junko , Gabdulkhaev Ramil , Hirose Mika , Yamanaka Tomoyuki , Koyama Akihide , Kato Taisuke , Tanaka Maiko , Uemura Norihito , Matsui Noriko , Hirokawa Sachiko , Yoshihama Maki , Shimozawa Aki , Kubo Shin-ichiro , Iwasaki Kenji , Hasegawa Masato , Takahashi Ryosuke , Hirai Keisuke , Kakita Akiyoshi , Onodera Osamu 
Published: May 2023

α-Synuclein accumulates in Lewy bodies, and this accumulation is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previous studies have indicated a causal role of α-synuclein in the pathogenesis of PD. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of α-synuclein toxicity remain elusive. Here, we describe a novel phosphorylation site of α-synuclein at T64 and the detailed characteristics of this post-translational modification. T64 phosphorylation was enhanced in both PD models and human PD brains. T64D phosphomimetic mutation led to distinct oligomer formation, and the structure of the oligomer was similar to that of α-synuclein oligomer with A53T mutation. Such phosphomimetic mutation induced mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal disorder, and cell death in cells and neurodegeneration in vivo, indicating a pathogenic role of α-synuclein phosphorylation at T64 in PD.
Cellular redox homeostasis maintained by malic enzyme 2 is essential for MYC-driven T cell lymphomagenesis
Authors: Li Wei , Kou Junjie , Zhang Zhenxi , Li Haoyue , Li Li , Du Wenjing 
Published: May 2023

T cell lymphomas (TCLs) are a group of rare and heterogeneous tumors. Although proto-oncogene
MYC
has an important role in driving T cell lymphomagenesis, whether MYC carries out this function remains poorly understood. Here, we show that malic enzyme 2 (ME2), one of the NADPH-producing enzymes associated with glutamine metabolism, is essential for MYC-driven T cell lymphomagenesis. We establish a

CD4-Cre; Myc
flox/+

transgenic mouse mode, and approximately 90% of these mice develop TCL. Interestingly, knockout of
Me2
in
Myc
transgenic mice almost completely suppresses T cell lymphomagenesis. Mechanistically, by transcriptionally up-regulating ME2, MYC maintains redox homeostasis, thereby increasing its tumorigenicity. Reciprocally, ME2 promotes MYC translation by stimulating mTORC1 activity through adjusting glutamine metabolism. Treatment with rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, blocks the development of TCL both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, our findings identify an important role for ME2 in MYC-driven T cell lymphomagenesis and reveal that MYC–ME2 circuit may be an effective target for TCL therapy.
Palladium metallene confined on MXene with increased hydroxyl binding strength for highly efficient ethanol electrooxidation
Authors: Peng Wei , Zhou Jing , Lu Ying-Rui , Peng Ming , Yuan Dingwang , Chan Ting-Shan , Tan Yongwen 
Published: May 2023

Rational design and synthesis of high-performance electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is crucial to large-scale commercialization of direct ethanol fuel cells, but it is still an incredible challenge. Herein, a unique Pd metallene/Ti
3
C
2
T
x
MXene (Pdene/Ti
3
C
2
T
x
)–supported electrocatalyst is constructed via an in-situ growth approach for high-efficiency EOR. The resulting Pdene/Ti
3
C
2
T
x
catalyst achieves an ultrahigh mass activity of 7.47 A mg
Pd
−1
under alkaline condition, as well as high tolerance to CO poisoning. In situ attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy studies combined with density functional theory calculations reveal that the excellent EOR activity of Pdene/Ti
3
C
2
T
x
catalyst is attributed to the unique and stable interfaces which reduce the reaction energy barrier of *CH
3
CO intermediate oxidation and facilitate oxidative removal of CO poisonous species by increasing the Pd–OH binding strength.
Deontic authority-based resolution of deontic right-based resistance in online medical consultation
Authors: Wei Minwen , Ran Yongping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Previous research has investigated aspects of deontics, epistemics, and resistance in medical settings. However, few have focused on deontics and how resistance shapes the responses of deontic authority (Stivers and Timmermans 2020), especially in online medical counseling. Utilizing the data collected from online medical consultation and adopting a discursive approach, this study investigates how doctors deploy deontic authority to resolve caregivers’ deontic right-based resistance. It is found that caregivers’ deontic right-based resistance comprises two major categories: strong deontic right-based resistance and weak deontic right-based resistance. Accordingly, doctors tend to use strong deontic authority to resolve caregivers’ strong deontic right-based resistance and mitigated deontic authority to resolve weak one. Because doctors’ deontic authority is particularly vulnerable in online contexts, it is proposed that doctors value their deontic authority in the decision-making of a treatment plan, which they manifest by protecting their deontic authority when their deontic territory is invaded.
How contact patterns destabilize and modulate epidemic outbreaks
Authors: Zierenberg Johannes , Paul Spitzner F , Dehning Jonas , Priesemann Viola , Weigel Martin , Wilczek Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The spread of a contagious disease clearly depends on when infected individuals come into contact with susceptible ones. Such effects, however, have remained largely unexplored in the study of epidemic outbreaks. In particular, it remains unclear how the timing of contacts interacts with the latent and infectious stages of the disease. Here, we use real-world physical proximity data to study this interaction and find that the temporal statistics of actual human contact patterns (i) destabilize epidemic outbreaks and (ii) modulate the basic reproduction number R
0. We explain both observations by distinct aspects of the observed contact patterns. On the one hand, we find the destabilization of outbreaks to be caused by the temporal clustering of contacts leading to over-dispersed offspring distributions and increased probabilities of otherwise rare events (zero- and super-spreading). Notably, our analysis enables us to disentangle previously elusive sources of over-dispersion in empirical offspring distributions. On the other hand, we find the modulation of R
0 to be caused by a periodically varying contact rate. Both mechanisms are a direct consequence of the memory in contact behavior, and we showcase a generative process that reproduces these non-Markovian statistics. Our results point to the importance of including non-Markovian contact timings into studies of epidemic outbreaks.
Gravitational waves from cosmic strings associated with pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter*
Authors: Qiu Ze-Yu , Yu Zhao-Huan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study stochastic gravitational waves from cosmic strings generated in an ultraviolet-complete model for pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter with a hidden

gauge symmetry. The dark matter candidate in this model can naturally evade direct detection bounds and easily satisfy other phenomenological constraints. The bound on the dark matter lifetime implies an ultraviolet scale higher than

. The spontaneous

symmetry breaking at such a high scale would induce cosmic strings with high tension, resulting in a stochastic gravitational wave background with a high energy density. We investigate the constraints from current gravitational wave experiments as well as the future sensitivity. We find that most viable parameter points can be well studied in future gravitational wave experiments.
Experiments on upstream induction and wake flow for multirotor wind turbines
Authors: Bartl Jan , Koi Idunn , Skoland Morten , Stenfelt Gloria , Hansen Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multirotor wind turbine concepts are increasingly discussed as cost-effective alternatives for floating wind energy installations. When multiple smaller rotors are installed next to each other, the individual rotors experience local blockage from their neighbours. Depending on the rotor arrangement, the flow through and around the multirotors will differ leading to a local variation in axial forcing and power output on the individual rotors. In this lab-scale experiment, we investigate how the spacing between the single rotors in a multirotor of seven actuator discs affects the upstream flow, thrust force distribution and downstream wake flow. Reducing the inter-rotor spacing is observed to cause larger zones of upstream velocity reductions, both in streamwise and lateral direction. Consequently, the difference in thrust force between a locally blocked central rotor and the surrounding rotors also increases for smaller rotor spacing. Measurements of the downstream wake flow behind a multirotor model indicate a lower initial velocity deficit compared to a single rotor. Reduced rotor spacing is found to increase the wake’s initial velocity deficit and turbulence levels. Consequently, the wake recovers faster, resulting in similar velocity deficits independent of the rotor-spacing in the far wake region.