bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of intestinal internal hernia beneath the external iliac artery following radical cystectomy
Authors: Allan Lachlan , Perera Dinushi , Curran Richard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGastrointestinal complications following radical cystectomy (RC) are a common occurrence, with small bowel obstruction (SBO) a known complication. Limited cases have been reported of SBO following RC due to internal herniation of the small intestine around the ureter, ileal conduit, obturator nerve and, as a consequence of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, even the abdominal vasculature. We present a rare case in which intestinal herniation beneath the external iliac artery (EIA) resulted in a closed-loop SBO with ischaemia and necrosis. Intra-operative transection of the unrecognised EIA occurred, necessitating primary arterial repair. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for complex pathology and anatomical variations in patients following RC and other operations involving retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.
Combined latissimus dorsi and scapular flaps for reconstruction of a large defect after a shoulder sarcoma resection
Authors: Sakamoto Akio , Noguchi Takashi , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReconstruction with a pedicled latissimus dorsi flap is used for a large defect after resection of soft tissue sarcoma of the shoulder. Primary donor site closure is sometimes difficult and a skin graft is necessary, possibly delaying postoperative chemotherapy. Combined latissimus dorsi and scapular flaps are used for free flaps in head and neck reconstruction. Myxofibrosarcoma resection in the shoulder of a 76-year-old man resulted in a 16 cm diameter skin resection. The defect was reconstructed with a scapular flap (width = 5 cm) for the distal defect and a pedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flap (flap size, 10 × 7 cm) for the proximal defect. Primary closure of the donor site in the latissimus dorsi flap was easy. By adding a scapular flap to the latissimus dorsi flap, the latissimus dorsi flap area can be reduced, making it easy for primary suture and contributing to less invasive surgery.
Ocular, scrotal and abdominal trauma in a secondary blast injury
Authors: Machaku Dennis , Chambo Mkunde , Nkoronko Mugisha , Shadrack Mathayo , Sadiq Adnan , Msuya David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBlast injuries are subjected to high morbidity and mortality in the general population. They cognate to single or multiple organ-related injuries that may be life-threatening. The unique injury patterns of blast injuries make treatment therapy complex. An adult male patient presented to our setting with multiple severe deep burn wounds resulting from a dynamite explosion. His computed tomography (CT) scan revealed numerous sharp shards around his body and a ruptured hemiscrotum with exposed testicles. Surgery was immediately done and with a good post-operative outcome. The severity of these injuries escalates in relation to the proximity of the explosions. A CT scan is an imperative diagnostic imaging modality. Treatment involves resuscitation, optimization, excision of non-viable tissues and damage control surgery. Delays in management may have detrimental consequences. Therefore, for physicians to manage the diverse injury manifestations that these patients may present with, they must grasp the pathophysiological patterns of blast injuries.
Rare direct embolism of urothelial carcinoma causing acute mesenteric ischaemia during remission
Authors: Balaravi Pillai Balakavitha , Othman Bushra , Ip Eugenia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetastatic abdominal carcinomas have been reported in the literature to cause bowel ischaemia. However, these are often associated with diffuse disease or direct invasion of adjacent bowel secondary to high-grade malignancies. There are no reported cases of extensive small bowel wall nor arterial occlusion as a result of metastasis from treated early-stage urothelial carcinoma. We present an octogenarian male patient who was diagnosed with small bowel ischaemia secondary to extensive metastatic urothelial carcinomatous to the small bowel. Thorough consideration of the patient’s clinical presentation and high index of suspicion was required to differentiate this from other causes of ischaemic bowel. The pathophysiology of the disease differentiated the end treatment most suitable for the patient.
Candy cane syndrome presenting with refractory heartburn 15 years after Roux-en-Y bypass
Authors: Prakash Shahana , Saavedra Ramses , Lehmann Ryan , Mokadem Mohamad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCandy cane syndrome (CCS) is a rare complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), in which the afferent jejunal limb is excessively long. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. A 57-year-old female with a history of RYGB 15 years prior to presentation reported 7 months of persistent heartburn refractory to proton pump inhibitors. Upper endoscopy revealed a 9 cm blind, afferent jejunal limb. After the blind limb was resected laparoscopically, her symptoms resolved. Fifteen years is the longest duration reported from time of RYGB to symptom onset of CCS. Furthermore, heartburn is less frequently seen as a presenting complaint of CCS. Clinicians should thus maintain a high index of suspicion for CCS in patients with refractory heartburn and a history of RYGB, regardless of how long ago the RYGB was performed.
Role of thiols and ascladiol production in patulin degradation by lactobacilli
Authors: Gaur Gautam , Gänzle Michael G 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatulin is a mycotoxin contaminant in various foods with apple products being its major dietary source. Yeast can reduce patulin levels during fermentation via biotransformation and thiol-adduct formation, with the ability of patulin to react with thiols being well known. Conversion of patulin to ascladiol by lactobacilli has been sparsely reported, while the contribution of thiols in reduction of patulin levels by lactobacilli remains undocumented. In this study, 11 strains of lactobacilli were screened for ascladiol formation in apple juice fermentation. Highest bioconversion was obtained for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains followed by Levilactobacillus brevis TMW1.465. Ascladiol production was also detected in several other lactobacilli species albeit in trace amounts. Reduction in patulin levels by Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis DMS 20451 and its glutathione reductase (ΔgshR) negative mutant was also assayed to determine the contribution of thiols. The hydrocinnamic acid reductase of Furfurilactobacillus milii did not contribute to reduction of patulin levels. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential of various lactobacilli in reduction of patulin levels via biotransformation of patulin to ascladiol, while also providing evidence for the role of thiol formation by lactobacilli and its presence in reducing patulin levels during fermentation.
Old Forgotten Flowers: George Macdonald as Mystic
Authors: Klotz Jerome 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article offers a reading of George MacDonald as a ‘mystic’. According to MacDonald himself, a ‘mystic’ is one who ‘sees one thing everywhere and all things the same’. I seek to show how MacDonald’s understanding of the mutual interplay of unity and difference not only establishes MacDonald’s mystical credentials, but provides weighty material for the creative development of metaphysical and theological concepts today.
To Hell and Back: The 1968 Asian Cup Finals as a Test Case for Iran–Israel Relations
Authors: Hareuveny Or , Blanga Yehuda U 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In May 1968, Iran and Israel’s national football teams met in the final match of that year’s Asian Cup. While for the Israelis it was a confrontation in the sports arena, the Iranians saw the game differently: “The general public treats the event as a [national] confrontation, and in its mind are blended elements of a test of force between a Muslim country and Israel,” reported the Israeli delegation in Tehran to Jerusalem.1 The purpose of the present study is to examine how processes within the inner Iranian arena (the covert level—the competition on the pitch) were expressed in the final game of the Asian Cup (1968) between the teams of Iran and Israel, and how the confrontation on the turf (the overt level—the social arena) affected relations between the two countries and the local population’s attitude toward the Jewish minority in Iran.
Jewish Ethics of Shaming in the Age of Corona
Authors: Rashi Tsuriel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
By early 2020, COVID-19 was spreading around the world. In many countries, efforts to stop the proliferation included quarantining sufferers and those around them, and in some cases even locking down entire civilian populations. A pandemic calls for personal responsibility with regard to obeying authorities’ instructions concerning social distancing, the wearing of masks, and self-isolation after exposure to a corona patient. The idea of shaming people who are violating the regulations is spreading, but there have been only a few attempts to find the proper balance between respecting human dignity and concern for public health. This article surveys the Jewish ethical principles that seek to balance concern for public health with the shame of the individual and suggests that sometimes there will be both ethical and religious justifications for shaming, at other times, it will be forbidden, and on occasion, it will be permissible within certain limits.
Chastening Germany: Graetz’s Lusty Jew And Asexual Jewess As Semitic Saviors
Authors: Zirkle Alexandra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Heinrich Graetz (1817–1891), the famous historian and biblical exegete, penned his commentary to the Song of Songs in 1871 to counter rising antisemitism fueled by racialized fantasies of Jewish gender and sexuality. Graetz contested antisemitic tropes of Jewish masculinity and femininity by reconfiguring the Song of Songs, this most blatantly erotic book of scripture, as a testament to and celebration of Jewish chastity. Against the lascivious femme fatal, Graetz introduced the tender Sulamit, whose paradigmatic chastity renders romantic ardor into asexual, sisterly affection. In contrast to the effeminate Jew, Graetz introduced the Friend, a brawny adventurer whose masculine attempt at chastity only reveals his sexual potency. Graetz leverages the co-constitutive relationships among gender, class, and race to bestow on these figures not only the bourgeois virtues connoted by their chastity, but also associations of whiteness and middle-class belonging. Graetz’s exegetical construction of new models of Jewish femininity and masculinity was no mere theoretical exercise, but a response to matters of life and death as the rise of sexually transmitted diseases coalesced into a public health crisis. With the specter of syphilis in the background, Graetz’s commentary to the Song of Songs proffered German Jews—and German Christians—a Semitic path to redemption from the immorality crippling fin-de-siècle Germany.
The relationship between the preference of mating type (MAT) and source in the opportunistic pathogen Talaromyces marneffei
Authors: Qu Qinglin , Lu Sha , Li Zi , Zhang Jing , Wang Xiaoyue , Zheng Heping , Ferrandon Dominique , Xi Liyan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Genome-wide comparisons have shown Talaromyces marneffei possessed a stable mating type locus in its meiosis genes. But the function of the mating type locus in T. marneffei is not clear. The potential sex recombination might lead to problems in clinical, such as the evolution of increased resistance to antifungal drugs and virulence. To determine the mating type in a sample of 107 T. marneffei isolates and to explore the possible relationship between fungus virulence and mating type or source. We used PCR analysis to determine the distribution of mating type genes and also analyzed the relationship between mating type and isolated sources (including HIV-positive patients, HIV-negative patients, bamboo rats, and the environment). Further, the Drosophila melanogaster model of infection was used to compare the differences of virulence in mating type and sources. Our results showed the entire sample population of T. marneffei with an overabundance of MAT1-2 alleles, but with a higher ratio of MAT1-1 in the isolates from HIV-negative patients. However, no significant differences in the survival of the D. melanogaster infected neither with MAT1-1 (6.5 days) nor MAT1-2 (4 days) isolates. Similar results were also observed in virulence analysis tested with different sources of isolates. So, we found that all isolates bore single mating type idiomorphs and unequal distribution. The distribution of the MAT genes seems related to different sources. And the virulence differences are independent of mating type genotype and source.
Whole-genome sequencing ofCandida haemuloniispecies complex from Brazil and the United States: Genetic diversity and antifungal susceptibility
Authors: de Barros Rodrigues Dality Keffelen , Lockhart Shawn R , Berkow Elizabeth L , Gade Lalitha , Bonfietti Lucas Xavier , Mazo Fávero Gimenes Viviane , Silva Ruiz Luciana , Bronze Macioni Milena , de Souza Carvalho Melhem Marcia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCandida haemulonii complex species can be multidrug-resistant and cause infections such as candidemia. This study determined the genetic relationship between isolates from Brazil and the United States through whole-genome sequencing and performed antifungal susceptibility testing to investigate drug resistance. Contrary to what is widely described, most isolates were susceptible to azoles. However, an atypical susceptibility profile was found in 50% of Candida pseudohaemulonii strains, including resistance to the three echinocandins. Isolates from both countries formed distinct clusters with wide genetic diversity. Isolates from three hospitals in Brazil were clonal and involved in candidemia cases, pointing to the importance of improving hospital infection control measures and molecular identification.
Ionizing photon production and escape fractions during cosmic reionization in the TNG50 simulation
Authors: Kostyuk Ivan , Nelson Dylan , Ciardi Benedetta , Glatzle Martin , Pillepich Annalisa 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTIn this work, we investigate the dependence of the escape fraction of ionizing photons, fesc, on various galaxy and host halo properties during the epoch of reionization. We post-process the TNG50 magnetohydrodynamical simulation from the IllustrisTNG project using the three-dimensional multifrequency radiative transfer code CRASH. Our work covers the stellar mass range of 106 ≲ M⋆/M⊙ ≲ 108 at redshifts 6 &lt; z &lt; 10. Adopting an unresolved, cloud-scale escape fraction parameter of unity, the average halo escape fraction fesc increases with mass from ∼0.3 at M⋆ = 106 M⊙ to ∼0.6 at M⋆ = 107.5 M⊙, after which we find hints of a turnover and decreasing escape fractions for even more massive galaxies. However, we demonstrate a strong and non-linear dependence of fesc on the adopted subgrid escape fraction, resulting in uncertainties for the absolute value of the escape fraction. In addition, fesc has significant scatter at fixed mass, driven by diversity in the ionizing photon rate together with a complex relationship between (stellar) source positions and the underling density distribution. The global emissivity is consistent with observations for reasonable cloud-scale absorption values, and haloes with a stellar mass ≲107.5 M⊙ contribute the majority of escaping ionizing photons at all redshifts. Incorporating dust reduces fesc by a few per cent at M⋆ ≲ 106.5 M⊙, and up to 10 per cent for larger haloes. Our multifrequency approach shows that fesc depends on photon energy, and is reduced substantially at E &gt; 54.4 eV versus lower energies. This suggests that the impact of high-energy photons from binary stars is reduced when accounting for an energy-dependent escape fraction.
The TESS Triple-9 Catalog II: a new set of 999 uniformly vetted exoplanet candidates
Authors: Magliano Christian , Kostov Veselin , Cacciapuoti Luca , Covone Giovanni , Inno Laura , Fiscale Stefano , Kuchner Marc , Quintana Elisa V , Salik Ryan , Saggese Vito , Yablonsky John M , Fornear Aline U , Hyogo Michiharu , Di Fraia Marco Z , Luca Hugo A Durantini , de Lambilly Julien S , Oliva Fabrizio , Pagano Isabella , Ienco Riccardo M , de Lima Lucas T , Andrés-Carcasona Marc , Gallo Francesco , Acharya Sovan 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission is providing the scientific community with millions of light curves of stars spread across the whole sky. Since 2018, the telescope has detected thousands of planet candidates that need to be meticulously scrutinized before being considered amenable targets for follow-up programs. We present the second catalog of the Planet Patrol citizen science project containing 999 uniformly vetted exoplanet candidates within the TESS ExoFOP archive. The catalog was produced by fully exploiting the power of the Citizen Science Planet Patrol project. We vetted TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) based on the results of Discovery And Vetting of Exoplanets (dave) pipeline. We also implemented the automatic disposition generator, a custom procedure aimed at generating the final classification for each TOI that was vetted by at least three vetters. The majority of the candidates in our catalog, 752 TOIs, passed the vetting process and were labelled as planet candidates. We ruled out 142 candidates as false positives and flagged 105 as potential false positives. Our final dispositions and comments for all the planet candidates are provided as a publicly available supplementary table.
Can radial motions in the stellar halo constrain the rate of change of mass in the Galaxy?
Authors: Sharma Sanjib , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Silk Joseph , Boehm Celine 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A change in the mass of the Galaxy with time will leave its imprint on the motions of the stars, with stars having radially outward (mass-loss) or inward (mass accretion) bulk motions. Here, we test the feasibility of using the mean radial motion of stars in the stellar halo to constrain the rate of change of mass in the Galaxy, e.g. due to decay of dark matter. In the lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) paradigm, the stellar halo is formed by accretion of satellites on to the host galaxy and its mean radial motion 〈VR〉 is eventually expected to be close to zero. But due to incomplete mixing most haloes have substructures and this can lead to non-zero 〈VR〉 in them. Using simulations, we measure the mean radial motion of stars in 13 ΛCDM stellar haloes lying in a spherical shell of radius 30 kpc. For most haloes, the shell motion is quite small, with 75 per cent of haloes having $\langle V_\text{R}\rangle \lesssim 1.2 \:{\rm km}\, {\rm s}^{-1}$. When substructures are removed by using a clustering algorithm, 〈VR〉 is reduced even further, with 75 per cent of haloes having $\langle V_\text{R}\rangle \lesssim 0.6 \:{\rm km}\, {\rm s}^{-1}$. A value of $\langle V_\text{R}\rangle \approx 0.6 \:{\rm km}\, {\rm s}^{-1}$ can be attained corresponding to a galactic mass-loss rate of 2 per cent per Gyr. We show that this can place constraints on dark matter decay parameters such as the decay lifetime and the kick velocity that is imparted to the daughter particle. The advent of all-sky stellar surveys involving millions to billions of stars is encouraging for detecting signatures of dark matter decay.
Statistical distribution of HI 21cm intervening absorbers as potential cosmic acceleration probes
Authors: Lu Chang-Zhi , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Tong-Jie 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTDamped Lyman-α absorber (DLA), or HI 21cm absorber (H21A), is an important probe to model-independently measure the acceleration of spectroscopic velocity (vS) via the Sandage–Loeb effect. Confined by the shortage of DLAs and background radio sources (BRSs) with adequate information, the detectable amount of DLAs is ambiguous in the bulk of previous work. After differing the acceleration of scale factor ($\ddot{a}$) from the first-order time derivative of spectroscopic velocity ($\dot{v}_\mathrm{S}$), we make a statistical investigation of the amount of potential DLAs in the most of this paper. Using kernel density estimation to depict general redshift distributions of BRSs, observed DLAs and a DLA detection rate with different limitations (1.4 GHz flux, HI column density, and spin temperature), we provide fitted multiGaussian expressions of the three components and their 1σ regions by bootstrap, with a proportional constant of H21As in detected DLAs, leading to the measurable number predictions of H21As for FAST, ASKAP, and SKA1-Mid in HI absorption blind survey. In our most optimistic condition (F1.4 GHz &gt; 10 mJy, NHI &gt; 2 × 1020 cm−2, and TS&gt; 500 K), the FAST, AKSAP, and SKA1-Mid would probe about 80, 500, and 600 H21As, respectively.
Made-to-measure modelling of globular clusters
Authors: Webb Jeremy J , Hunt Jason A S , Bovy Jo 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe present the first application of the made-to-measure method for modelling dynamical systems to globular clusters. Through the made-to-measure algorithm, the masses of individual particles within a model cluster are adjusted while the system evolves forward in time via a gravitational N-body code until the model cluster is able to reproduce select properties of an observed cluster. The method is first applied to observations of mock isotropic and anisotropic clusters while fitting against the cluster’s 3D or projected density profile, density weighted mean-squared velocity profile, or its density profile with individual mean-squared velocity profiles assuming $10 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ uncertainty in each of these observables. We find that a cluster’s 3D density profile can easily be reproduced by the made-to-measure method, with minor discrepancies in the outer regions if fitting against a cluster’s projected surface density or projected kinematic properties. If an observed cluster is anisotropic, only fitting against the cluster’s density profile and individual mean-squared velocity profiles will fully recover the full degree of anisotropy. Partial anisotropy can be recovered as long as two kinematic properties are included in the fit. We further apply the method to observations of the Galactic globular cluster M4 and generate a complete 6D representation of the cluster that reproduces observations of its surface density profile, mean-squared proper motion velocity profile, and mean-squared line of sight velocity profile. The M2M method predicts M4 is primarily isotropic with a mass of $9.2\pm 0.4\times 10^4\, \mathrm{ M}_{\odot }$ and a half-mass radius of 3.7 ± 0.1 pc.