bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coherent Phonon‐Induced Gigahertz Optical Birefringence and Its Manipulation in SrTiO3
Authors: Sun Tao , Zhou Chun , Guo Hongli , Meng Zhi , Liu Xinyu , Wang Zhou , Zhou Han , Fei Yuming , Qiu Kang , Zhang Fapei , Li Bolin , Zhu Xuetao , Yang Fang , Zhao Jimin , Guo Jiandong , Zhao Jin , Sheng Zhigao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBirefringence, which modulates the polarization of electromagnetic wave, has been commercially developed and widely used in modern photonics. Fostered by high‐frequency signal processing and communications, feasible birefringence technologies operating in gigahertz (GHz) range are highly desired. Here, a coherent phonon‐induced GHz optical birefringence and its manipulation in SrTiO3 (STO) crystals are demonsrated. With ultrafast laser pumping, the coherent acoustic phonons with low damping are created in the transducer/STO structures. A series of transducer layers are examined and the optimized one with relatively high photon–phonon conversion efficiency, i.e., semiconducting LaRhO3 film, is obtained. The most intriguing finding here is that, by virtue of high sensitivity to strain perturbation of STO, GHz optical birefringence can be induced by the coherent acoustic phonons and the birefringent amplitudes possess crystal orientation dependence. Optical manipulation of both coherent phonons and its induced GHz birefringence by double pump technique are also realized. These findings reveal an alternative mechanism of ultrafast optical birefringence control, and offer prospects for applications in high‐frequency acoustic‐optics devices.
Revealing the Selective Bifunctional Electrocatalytic Sites via In Situ Irradiated X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Zhang Pengpeng , Zhao Yige , Li Yukun , Li Neng , Silva S. Ravi P. , Shao Guosheng , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe electrocatalysts are widely applied in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries to selectively accelerate the redox kinetics behavior of Li2S, in which bifunctional active sites are established, thereby improving the electrochemical performance of the battery. Considering that the Li–S battery is a complex closed “black box” system, the internal redox reaction routes and active sites cannot be directly observed and monitored especially due to the distribution of potential active‐site structures and their dynamic reconstruction. Empirical evidence demonstrates that traditional electrochemical test methods and theoretical calculations only probe the net result of multi‐factors on an average and whole scale. Herein, based on the amorphous TiO2‐x@Ni selective bifunctional model catalyst, these limitations are overcome by developing a system that couples the light field and in situ irradiated X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy to synergistically convert the “black box” battery into a “see‐through” battery for direct observation of the charge transportation, thus revealing that amorphous TiO2‐x and Ni nanoparticle as the oxidation and reduction sites selectively promote the decomposition and nucleation of Li2S, respectively. This work provides a universal method to achieve a deeper mechanistic understanding of bidirectional sulfur electrochemistry.
Particle tracking velocimetry study of the nonequilibrium characteristics of a fluidized bed
Authors: Zhu Renshuai , Chen Yanpei , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe nonequilibrium characteristic of fluidization is closely related to the mesoscale structures. To help uncover this relationship, we performed a particle‐level experiment in a bubbling fluidized bed making particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) measurements. We found a large Knudsen number not only in bubbles or over bubble interfaces, but also in the dense emulsion where various banded structures exist, indicating a pervasive violation of the local equilibrium. Analysis of these banded structures identified stretching, compression, or shearing between particles. Non‐Gaussian velocity distributions were found throughout the bed, including in the dense emulsion with a small Knudsen number. In future work, we expect that the nonequilibrium characteristic will act as a local criterion for the assessment of various models of bubbling fluidized beds.
Catalyzing dementia care through the learning health system and consumer health information technology
Authors: Wolff Jennifer L. , DesRoches Catherine M. , Amjad Halima , Burgdorf Julia G. , Caffrey Melanie , Fabius Chanee D. , Gleason Kelly T. , Green Ariel R. , Lin Chen‐Tan , Nothelle Stephanie K. , Peereboom Danielle , Powell Danielle S. , Riffin Catherine A. , Lum Hillary D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo advance care for persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), real‐world health system effectiveness research must actively engage those affected to understand what works, for whom, in what setting, and for how long—an agenda central to learning health system (LHS) principles. This perspective discusses how emerging payment models, quality improvement initiatives, and population health strategies present opportunities to embed best practice principles of ADRD care within the LHS. We discuss how stakeholder engagement in an ADRD LHS when embedding, adapting, and refining prototypes can ensure that products are viable when implemented. Finally, we highlight the promise of consumer‐oriented health information technologies in supporting persons living with ADRD and their care partners and delivering embedded ADRD interventions at scale. We aim to stimulate progress toward sustainable infrastructure paired with person‐ and family‐facing innovations that catalyze broader transformation of ADRD care.
“It's not yours. It's mine”: A qualitative study exploring the experience of hoarding
Authors: Mulligan‐Rabbitt Jennifer , O'Connor John , Brien Ciara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOur understanding of the meaning of hoarding is still in development. Thematic readings of the literature suggest that hoarding involves a very distinctive way of understanding the world, with the act of acquiring and retaining of material comprising in a form of psychological home or safe space. The connection of the person to their hoard requires further exploration, as does the place that this relationship has with the wider world of society and culture. This study sought to investigate experiences of persons who hoard and their relationship to their hoarded material. A phenomenologically‐oriented qualitative research design was used to investigate 14 participants' experiences of hoarding. Analysis of transcripts was conducted using thematic moment by moment analysis consistent with the phenomenological approach. To give further clarification and elucidation to the meaning of hoarding a psychoanalytically informed analysis of the material was included. Three themes emerged from this process: Firstly, “It's not yours. It's mine”; secondly, “Keeping within the walls”; and thirdly, “Sorting through.” The emergent themes reflect the creative and inventive ways participants related to hoarded material. Themes are discussed in relation to relevant psychoanalytical concepts, including Winnicott's Transitional Objects, with difficulties observed in hoarding paralleling difficulties transitioning out into the world of relating, as well as the part that cultural unconscious processes play here. Aspects of Bion's container‐contained function are also discussed. Implications for future research and working clinically with people who hoard are discussed, particularly the handling of hoarded material.
Reconstruction of the pectoral girdle and forelimb musculature of Megaraptora (Dinosauria: Theropoda)
Authors: Aranciaga Rolando Alexis M. , Novas Fernando E. , Calvo Jorge O. , Porfiri Juan D. , Dos Santos Domenica D. , Lamanna Matthew C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMegaraptora is a group of enigmatic, carnivorous non‐avian theropod dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of Asia, Australia, and especially South America. Perhaps the most striking aspect of megaraptoran morphology is the large, robustly constructed forelimb that, in derived members of the clade, terminates in a greatly enlarged manus with hypertrophied, raptorial unguals on the medialmost two digits and a substantially smaller ungual on digit III. The unique forelimb anatomy of megaraptorans was presumably associated with distinctive functional specializations; nevertheless, its paleobiological significance has not been extensively explored. Here we draw from observations of the pectoral girdle and forelimb skeletons of Megaraptora and myological assessments of other archosaurian taxa to provide a comprehensive reconstruction of the musculature of this anatomical region in these singular theropods. Many muscle attachment sites on megaraptoran forelimb bones are remarkably well developed, which in turn suggests that the muscles themselves were functionally significant and important to the paleobiology of these theropods. Furthermore, many of these attachments became increasingly pronounced through megaraptoran evolutionary history, being substantially better developed in derived taxa such as Australovenator wintonensis and especially Megaraptor namunhuaiquii than in early branching forms such as Fukuiraptor kitadaniensis. When considered alongside previous range of motion hypotheses for Australovenator, our results indicate that megaraptorans possessed a morphologically and functionally specialized forelimb that was capable of complex movements. Notable among these were extensive extension and flexion, particularly in the highly derived manus, as well as enhanced humeral protraction, attributes that very probably aided in prey capture.
Enantioselective protonation of monofluorinated silyl enol ethers by cooperative cation‐binding catalysis
Authors: Jung Min‐Jung , Paladhi Sushovan , Song Choong Eui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHerein, we report on the successful enantioselective protonation of a range of silyl enol ethers of cyclic ketones with labile chiral secondary CF bonds by using Song's chiral oligoethylene glycols (oligoEGs) as cation‐binding catalysts in the presence of CsF and a proton source. Highly enantioselective protonations of an array of silyl enol ethers of α‐fluoro tetralones and α‐fluoro benzosuberones were achieved, producing corresponding chiral α‐secondary α‐fluoro cyclic ketones in full conversion, with up to 96% ee. Furthermore, this protocol has successfully been extended to access chiral α‐choro and α‐bromo cyclic ketones. This successful in situ generated fluoride ion‐based stereoselective catalysis was driven by creating a densely confined chiral cage from the chiral catalyst, substrate, and CsF.
“Sharing in people's pain is not an easy thing to do”: Cognitive Behavioural Therapists' understandings of compassion in the workplace
Authors: Broadley Laurien E. , Burton Amy E. , Mistry Dipti K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesCompassion is central to the aim of improving patient care and staff well‐being within healthcare systems. To inform service development, explorations of experiences and meanings of compassion are needed. This study explored cognitive behavioural therapists' understandings of compassion within their work environment.DesignA qualitative study was conducted using semistructured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).MethodsData were obtained from five practicing cognitive behavioural therapists.ResultsTwo superordinate themes were developed, each with two subordinate themes. CBT therapists reported entering the profession with intrinsic motivation to care for others. They further developed an interest in compassion with exposure to clients and ongoing professional development in compassion‐focused therapy (CFT). Compassionate work environments helped to facilitate compassionate practice; however, for many, workplaces were perceived to lack compassion. Challenges were encountered when negative workplace interactions left therapists feeling fatigued, distressed and demoralised. There was a desire for recognition and to be seen as more than a “work machine,” the experience of which was a threat to retaining therapists within the profession.ConclusionsCurrent recruitment and training processes are producing staff with skills and motivation to deliver compassionate care. However, lack of compassion within workplaces can be a barrier to actioning these skills and motivations. Research needs to focus on how to effectively implement and run systems that are compassionate for both staff and clients. To provide compassionate care, staff need work environments that show compassion to them. These findings provide some insights into and practical suggestions regarding how this can be achieved.
Rupture of a previously undiagnosed intracranial aneurysm during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: A case report
Authors: Zhang Meng‐Qiu , Wang Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEndoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EE‐DCR) is an effective treatment for dacryocystitis. Aneurysmal rupture is generally not considered a complication of EE‐DCR under general anesthesia. Here, we present a patient with intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to the rupture of an undiagnosed intracranial aneurysm during EE‐DCR. Clinicians should be aware of such fatal complications when using any vasoconstrictor intraoperatively.
First tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier bite in 75 years in French Polynesia (Eastern Central Pacific)
Authors: Clua Eric E. G. , Bègue Michel , Jam Olivier , Lambillon Raphaël , Meyer Carl G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe analyzed a tiger shark (estimated 2.8 m total length) bite on a snorkeler. The removal of the terminal part of the leg suggests a predatory motivation for the bite. This is the first documented bite by a tiger shark in French Polynesia waters for the past 75 years.
Localized skin mottling associated with acute gastric dilatation
Authors: Tominaga Yoshiteru , Hirayama Ichiro , Yano Tetsuhiro , Kurihara Kazuto , Ishii Mitsuru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a case of a 55‐year‐old woman complaining of abdominal distension owing to acute gastric dilatation. Her localized skin mottling had spread from the lower abdomen to both knees. The skin mottling in the area affected by gastric dilatation improved immediately after stomach emptying using a gastric tube and upper endoscopy.
Atypical presentation of syphilis: Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Authors: Usmael Semir Abdi , Gebremedhin Tesfay Atsbaha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSyphilis is a sexually transmitted disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. With the recent worldwide resurgence of syphilis, it is imperative to recognize various presentations of this great imitator. Renal syphilis is rare and most commonly present as nephrotic range proteinuria associated with pathological features of membranous glomerulonephritis. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a rare and atypical form of renal syphilis. A 50‐year‐old Ethiopian woman presented with periorbital swelling, hematuria, proteinuria, and rapidly progressive renal failure. Rapid plasma reagin and confirmatory Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA) tests were reactive. Treatment with a weekly Benzathine penicillin for 3 weeks resulted in a rapid return of renal function to baseline, with the increasing rate of new syphilis, clinicians should be mindful of the various renal manifestation of syphilis. This case highlights the significance of considering syphilis as a reversible cause in any patient presenting with a clinical feature suggestive of RPGN.
Neurogenic pulmonary edema caused by right insular cortex infarction
Authors: Tanaka Akane , Toriyama Kazutoshi , Takeda Yukihisa , Watanabe Yusuke , Kimura Takayuki , Yamazaki Kaoru , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Aoshiba Kazutetsu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report a case of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) caused by middle cerebral artery infarction involving the right insular cortex. Hyperactivity of the insular cortex, which regulates sympathetic function, can cause NPE. The NPE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dyspneic patients with insular cortex infarction.
A Workflow for Crystallization Process Design with Simultaneous Process Optimization and Solvent Selection based on the Perturbed‐Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory
Authors: Mendis Nethrue Pramuditha , Wang Jiayuan , Lakerveld Richard 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSolvent selection is a critical part of crystallization process design and is inherently intertwined with optimization of the operating conditions. Computer‐aided tools can greatly assist in solving these two problems simultaneously. However, the integration of predictive thermodynamic models and process optimization tools is often complicated, which may hamper industry adoption. This work presents a workflow for simultaneous solvent selection and process optimization for solution crystallization processes based on the perturbed‐chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC‐SAFT) equation of state. The workflow is provided with readily executable computational tools and aims to strike a balance between the resources needed to obtain experimental input data and good prediction performance. The use of the workflow is demonstrated through a case study involving aspirin crystallization, which shows that the workflow can provide suitable solvents and operating conditions for the crystallization process based on either cooling, antisolvent, or evaporative crystallization.
Treatment of phenolic wastewater by anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell filled with polyaniline–macroporous adsorption resin as multifunctional carrier
Authors: Yuqing Huang , Liu Xinmin , Hu Xiude , Guo Qingjie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe modified resin is used as a multifunctional biological carrier to treat phenolic wastewater (PW) in an anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell (AFB‐MFC). First, the modified resin was prepared, and the conductive polyaniline (PANI) was polymerized in situ on the surface and pores of the macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) to prepare the modified resin composite material (MAR/PANI). A series of modified resins with different mass ratios of resin and aniline were prepared. The modified resins were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area, and pore structure analysis. Materials Studio (MS) software was used to study the internal interaction forces of PANI and MAR, and the molecular dynamics simulation method was used to analyze and calculate the cohesive energy density. The simulation results are qualitatively consistent with the experimental data. The sorption module in the MS software was used to study the adsorption behaviour of the modified resin to the organic components in the wastewater, and the adsorption mechanism was explained on the atomic scale. When the modified resin with m (MAR):m(An) = 1:0.6 was used in the AFB‐MFC, the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of wastewater was increased by 26.2%–88.90%, the voltage was increased by 98.46%–489.2 mV, and power density was increased by 303.28%–131.43 ± 0.17 mW/m2.
High dupilumab levels in tear fluid of atopic dermatitis patients with moderate‐to‐severe ocular surface disease
Authors: Achten Roselie , Thijs Judith , van der Wal Marlot , van Luijk Chantal , van Luin Matthijs , el Amrani Mohsin , Knol Edward , Delemarre Eveline , Jager Constance den Hartog , de Graaf Marlies , Bakker Daphne , de Boer Joke , van Wijk Femke , de Bruin‐Weller Marjolein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe patho‐mechanism of ocular surface disease (OSD) in dupilumab‐treated atopic dermatitis (AD) patients remains unclear. The aim of this study is to measure dupilumab levels in tear fluid and serum, and relate these findings to the severity of OSD during dupilumab treatment in AD patients.MethodsThis prospective study included dupilumab‐treated moderate‐to‐severe AD patients who were seen by a dermatologist and an ophthalmologist before the start of dupilumab (baseline), and after 4 and 28 weeks of dupilumab treatment. Dupilumab levels in tear fluid and serum were measured by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Additionally, a pilot study was conducted to measure dupilumab on conjunctival epithelial cells using flow cytometry and LC‐MS/MS.ResultsAt baseline, 89.6% (n = 43/48) of the patients had OSD, with 50.0% having moderate‐to‐severe OSD. After 28 weeks of dupilumab treatment, the median dupilumab tear fluid levels were 0.55 mg/L (IQR 0.35–1.31) and 0.29 mg/L (IQR 0.16–0.60) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe OSD and patients with no or mild OSD, respectively (p = 0.02). Dupilumab levels could be detected on conjunctival epithelial cells of 5 AD patients treated with dupilumab for 4 weeks.ConclusionPatients with moderate‐to‐severe OSD had higher dupilumab tear fluid levels compared to patients with no or mild OSD, indicating that dupilumab reaches the ocular surface. Dupilumab was also detected in conjunctival cell suspensions and was found to directly bind CD45‐conjunctival epithelial cells. This suggests that AD‐induced changes of the conjunctival epithelium may play a role in the development of OSD as well as increased local drug availability.
Positive Valent Metal Sites in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Li Wen Jing , Lou Zhen Xin , Zhao Jia Yue , Liu Peng Fei , Yuan Hai Yang , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe discovery of high‐performance catalysts for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has faced an enormous challenge for years. The lack of cognition about the surface active structures or centers of catalysts in complex conditions limits the development of advanced catalysts for CO2RR. Recently, the positive valent metal sites (PVMS) are demonstrated as a kind of potential active sites, which can facilitate carbon dioxide (CO2) activation and conversation but are always unstable under reduction potentials. Many advanced technologies in theory and experiment have been utilized to understand and develop excellent catalysts with PVMS for CO2RR. Here, we present an introduction of some typical catalysts with PVMS in CO2RR and give some understanding of the activity and stability for these related catalysts.
Photochemical Synthesis of Porous Triazine‐/Heptazine‐Based Carbon Nitride Homojunction for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Zhong Xiang , Zhu Yuxiang , Jiang Meng , Sun Qiufan , Yao Jianfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPorous triazine‐/heptazine‐based carbon nitride (THCN) homojunction with chloride (Cl) doping was synthesized by a simple, one‐step photochemical synthesis route for efficient visible‐light‐driven overall water splitting. The phase ratio of triazine‐based carbon nitride (TCN) and heptazine‐based carbon nitride (HCN), texture and morphology of the THCN isotype junction were finely tuned by varying ultraviolet irradiation time and washing solvents. After washing with acetonitrile, the resulting porous THCN nanosheets with 48 h irradiation contain 21 wt % TCN and 79 wt % HCN units and reveal a significantly improved photocatalytic performance with H2 and O2 production rates up to 7.9 and 4.2 μmol h−1, respectively, about 3.8 times higher than that of THCN prepared by 36 h illumination. The dual‐phase interaction, holey structure, and Cl dopants favor the exposure of active sites, extended visible‐light harvesting, accelerated charge transfer, and enhanced photoreduction ability, thereby improving photocatalytic activity.