bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Control of an Aerial Manipulator With Invariant Center of Gravity for Physical Interaction
Authors: Rong Yongfeng , Chou Wusheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The deployment of manipulators enhances the versatility and flexibility of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in aerial physical interaction tasks but also challenges their designs and controls due to variations in the center of gravity (CoG), moment of inertia, and reaction wrenches. This work presents a novel design of a two-degree-of-freedom dual-tool manipulator with invariant-center-of-gravity (ICoG) property. The ICoG conditions are strictly deduced, and a practical optimization-based parameter tuning method is proposed. A novel adaptive extended state observer (AESO)-based impedance control method is developed with actuator dynamics taken into account. The AESO can estimate and compensate for both the lumped disturbance, including the influences of moment-of-inertia variation and counter torque, and the unmeasurable states for the controller. In addition, a switching adaptive law is proposed to attenuate the peaking phenomenon under high observer gains. The impedance controller is designed using an auxiliary impedance tracking error to overcome the difficulty of the increased system order. The Lyapunov approach is used to evaluate the stability of the entire system. The proposed approach is implemented on a fully actuated hexarotor with a prototype of the ICoG manipulator. Comparative experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed design and control methods.
Handedness, Bilateral, and Interdigit Strength Asymmetries in Male Climbers
Authors: Hartley Cameron , Taylor Nicola , Chidley Joel , Baláš Jiří , Giles Dave 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine whether there are bilateral and interdigit differences in the maximal force production of experienced climbers and whether these differences are mediated by ability level or preferred style of climbing. Methods: Thirty-six male climbers (age 30 [9.4] y) took part in a single-session trial to test their maximal force production on both hands. The tests included a one-arm maximal isometric finger flexor strength test (MIFS) and a one-arm individual MIFS. Bilateral differences were analyzed by strongest hand (defined as the hand that produced the highest MIFS value) and dominance (defined as the writing hand). Results: A pairwise t test found that MIFS was significantly greater for the strongest hand (mean difference = 4.1%, 95% CI, −0.052 to 0.029, P < .001), with handedness explaining 89% of the variation. A 2-way mixed-model analysis of variance determined that there were no interactions between preferred style (bouldering or sport climbing) and MIFS or between ability level (advanced or elite) and MIFS. Conclusions: Climbers have significant finger flexor strength bilateral asymmetries between their strongest and weakest hand. Moreover, when dominance is controlled, this difference in strength is present, with the dominant hand producing more force. Neither preferred style of climbing nor the ability level of the climbers could explain these asymmetries. As such, practitioners should consider regularly monitoring unilateral strength, aiming to minimize the likelihood of large bilateral asymmetry occurring.
An
ex vivo
model of
Toxoplasma
recrudescence reveals developmental plasticity of the bradyzoite stage
Authors: Vizcarra Edward A. , Goerner Amber L. , Ulu Arzu , Hong David D. , Bergersen Kristina V. , Talavera Michael A. , Le Roch Karine , Wilson Emma H. , White Michael W. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

The recrudescence of
Toxoplasma
cysts is the cause of clinical disease in the immunocompromised. Although
Toxoplasma
has been a useful parasite model for decades because it is relatively easy to genetically modify and culture, attempts to generate and study the recrudescence of tissue cysts have come up short with cell culture-adapted strains generating low numbers of tissue cysts
in vivo
. Taking advantage of a new
ex vivo
model of
Toxoplasma
recrudescence that uses a Type II ME49 strain unadapted to cell culture, we determined the cell biology, gene expression, and host cell dependency that define bradyzoite-cyst reactivation. Bradyzoite infection of fibroblasts and astrocytes produced sequential tachyzoite growth stages with pre-programmed kinetics; thus, an initial fast-growing stage was followed by a slow-growing replicating form.
In vivo
infections demonstrated that only fast growth tachyzoites, and not parasites post-growth shift, led to successful parasite dissemination to the brain and peripheral organs. In astrocytes, cells that reside in the central nervous system (CNS), bradyzoites initiated an additional recrudescent pathway involving brady-brady replication, which is a pathway not observed in fibroblasts. To investigate the molecular basis of growth and cell-dependent reactivation pathways, single-cell mRNA sequencing was performed on recrudescing parasites, revealing distinct gene signatures of these parasite populations and confirming multifunctionality of the original
ex vivo
bradyzoite population. This revised model of
Toxoplasma
recrudescence uncovers previously unknown complexity in the clinically important bradyzoite stage of the parasite, which opens the door to further study these novel developmental features of the
Toxoplasma
intermediate life cycle.

IMPORTANCE

The classical depiction of the
Toxoplasma
lifecycle is bradyzoite excystation conversion to tachyzoites, cell lysis, and immune control, followed by the reestablishment of bradyzoites and cysts. In contrast, we show that tachyzoite growth slows independent of the host immune response at a predictable time point following excystation. Furthermore, we demonstrate a host cell-dependent pathway of continuous amplification of the cyst-forming bradyzoite population. The developmental plasticity of the excysted bradyzoites further underlines the critical role the cyst plays in the flexibility of the lifecycle of this ubiquitous parasite. This revised model of
Toxoplasma
recrudescence uncovers previously unknown complexity in the clinically important bradyzoite stage of the parasite, which opens the door to further study these novel developmental features of the
Toxoplasma
intermediate life cycle.
Complete genome sequence of
Pectobacterium brasiliense
strain 21PCA_AGRO2 with antimicrobial resistance isolated from napa cabbage
Authors: Ahn Sojin , Jhang So Yun , Ahn Eunbyeol , Ryu Sangryeol , Yu Jaewoong 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

We report a complete genome of
Pectobacterium brasiliense
strain 21PCA_AGRO2 isolated from napa cabbage, in which the genome consists of a circular chromosome comprising 4,919,671 bp with 4,399 coding DNA sequences, 22 rRNA genes, 77 tRNA genes, and 9 noncoding RNA genes.
A tool for the cheap and rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) by Sanger sequencing
Authors: Burgos Germán , Ambuludí Andrés ,   USFQ SARS-CoV-2 Consortium, Morales-Jadán Diana , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel , Muslin Claire , Armijos-Jaramillo Vinicio , Carvajal Mateo , Muñoz Erika , Guevara Rommel , Prado Belén , Marquez Sully , Coloma Josefina , Grunauer Michelle , Trueba Gabriel , Barragán Verónica , Rojas-Silva Patricio , Cárdenas Paúl 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging virus that, since March 2020, has been responsible for a global and ongoing pandemic. Its rapid spread over the past nearly 3 years has caused novel variants to arise. To monitor the circulation and emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, surveillance systems based on nucleotide mutations are required. In this regard, we searched in the spike, ORF8, and nucleocapsid genes to detect variable sites among SARS-CoV-2 variants. We describe polymorphic genetic regions that enable us to differentiate between the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants of concern (VoCs). We found 21 relevant mutations, 13 of which are unique for Omicron lineages BA.1/BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, and BA.5. This genetic profile enables the discrimination between VoCs using only four reverse transcription PCR fragments and Sanger sequencing, offering a cheaper and faster alternative to whole-genome sequencing for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.

IMPORTANCE
Our work describes a new (Sanger sequencing-based) screening methodology for SARS-CoV-2, performing PCR amplifications of a few target regions to detect diagnostic mutations between virus variants. Using the methodology developed in this work, we were able to discriminate between the following VoCs: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron (BA.1/BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, and BA.5). This becomes important, especially in low-income countries where current methodologies like next-generation sequencing have prohibitive costs. Furthermore, rapid detection would allow sanitary authorities to take rapid measures to limit the spread of the virus and therefore reduce the probability of new virus dispersion. With this methodological approach, 13 previously unreported diagnostic mutations among several Omicron lineages were found.
Venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide cohort study
Authors: Meaidi Amani , Mascolo Annamaria , Sessa Maurizio , Toft-Petersen Anne Pernille , Skals Regitze , Gerds Thomas Alexander , Wessel Skovlund Charlotte , Morch Lina Steinrud , Rossi Francesco , Capuano Annalisa , Lidegaard Oejvind , Torp-Pedersen Christian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
To study the influence of concomitant use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of venous thromboembolism.

Design
Nationwide cohort study.

Setting
Denmark through national registries.

Participants
All 15-49 year old women living in Denmark between 1996 and 2017 with no medical history of any venous or arterial thrombotic event, cancer, thrombophilia, hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, sterilisation, or infertility treatment (n=2 029 065).

Main outcome measure
A first time discharge diagnosis of lower limb deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

Results
Among 2.0 million women followed for 21.0 million person years, 8710 venous thromboembolic events occurred. Compared with non-use of NSAIDs, use of NSAIDs was associated with an adjusted incidence rate ratio of venous thromboembolism of 7.2 (95% confidence interval 6.0 to 8.5) in women not using hormonal contraception, 11.0 (9.6 to 12.6) in women using high risk hormonal contraception, 7.9 (5.9 to 10.6) in those using medium risk hormonal contraception, and 4.5 (2.6 to 8.1) in users of low/no risk hormonal contraception. The corresponding numbers of extra venous thromboembolic events per 100 000 women over the first week of NSAID treatment compared with non-use of NSAIDs were 4 (3 to 5) in women not using hormonal contraception, 23 (19 to 27) in women using high risk hormonal contraception, 11 (7 to 15) in those using medium risk hormonal contraception, and 3 (0 to 5) in users of low/no risk hormonal contraception.

Conclusions
NSAID use was positively associated with the development of venous thromboembolism in women of reproductive age. The number of extra venous thromboembolic events with NSAID use compared with non-use was significantly larger with concomitant use of high/medium risk hormonal contraception compared with concomitant use of low/no risk hormonal contraception. Women needing both hormonal contraception and regular use of NSAIDs should be advised accordingly.
Bedside palliative care and geriatric consultations: adherence rate in hospitalised patients
Authors: Pijls Noor , Joosten Hanneke , Theunissen Maurice , van Leendert Jannic , Courtens Annemie , Magdelijns Fabienne , van den Beuken- van Everdingen Marieke 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThis study examined the adherence rate of recommendations of a palliative consultation team (PCT) and a geriatric consultation team (GCT). Secondary aims were to investigate which factors and/or recommendation characteristics influence adherence rates.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was performed in the Maastricht University Medical Center+ in the Netherlands and included hospitalised patients who received a consultation by the PCT or the GCT. Baseline data on consultations were collected for the total population and for the GCT and PCT separately. The adherence rate of the recommendations was evaluated by checking evidence of implementation. The nature of recommendations given (solicited or unsolicited) was documented per domain (somatic, psychological/cognitive, social, spiritual, functional, and existential). The association with adherence was evaluated for solicited and unsolicited recommendations separately. Exploration of potentially associated factors was performed using OpenEpi.ResultsOverall, 507 consultations of individual patients were performed (n=131) by the GCT and (n=376) by the PCT. Most recommendations given were solicited (865/1201=72%). Over 80% of both solicited and unsolicited recommendations were implemented in the majority of domains. No potentially modifiable factors associated with the adherence of the advices were found.ConclusionsThe overall adherence rate of the GCT and PCT consultations was high. In addition, in certain domains, many recommendations were unsolicited. However, also the majority of these recommendations were implemented.
Combined application of organic manure and reduced-rate chemical fertilizer improved growth, nutrient use efficiency, biomass accumulation, and carbon sequestration of Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings
Authors: Saba Tahseen , Saleem Fariha , Liu Wanlin , Wang Jingyan , Hui Wenkai , Nazir Hafsa , Gong Wei 
Published: September 2023

The possibility of incorporating organic manure (OM) to reduced rates of chemical fertilizers to augment biomass production and carbon sequestration (Cseq) and the role of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) uptake in vegetation Cseq were investigated through pot experiment with 1-year-old Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings. Seven treatments were designed, including NPK, PK, NP, NK, OM, MNPK (50% NPK + 50% OM), and control (CK, no fertilization). MNPK application improved nutrient uptake of 2.76-fold N, 3.34-fold P, and 2.01-fold K, resulting in the highest biomass production and biomass Cseq (1.65-fold) as compared to CK. Correlation and redundancy analysis revealed that Cseq is significantly associated with biomass production ( r = 0.994) and regulated by N and P uptake. The highest nutrient use efficiency was recorded for N (38.8%), followed by K (21.1%) and P (16.4%) under MNPK application. Therefore, MNPK could be an optimum measure regarding fertilizer saving, biomass production, and attaining C neutrality.
Ab-initio investigation of structural, opto-electronic, and thermodynamic properties of ZnAl2Se4 for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Erum Nazia , Ahmad Javed , Iqbal Muhammad Azhar 
Published: September 2023

In this manuscript, the structural, opto-electronic, and thermodynamic properties of ZnAl2Se4 chalcogenide compounds were studied in detail using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The exchange and correlation potentials used in density functional theory were calculated using local density approximation, the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) method, and the modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) potential using Wien2k code. The obtained results were compared with each other as well as with available experimental data. At ambient conditions, ZnAl2Se4 is a direct wide bandgap (Г–Г) semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.1 and 3.3 eV with GGA and mBJ potentials, respectively. Density of states (DOS; total DOS and Partial Density Of States (PDOS)) and electron density contour plots were in similar accordance with bandgap, showing semiconductive behavior and covalent bonding nature. The optical properties like the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant, the energy loss function L( ω), and the conductivity σ( ω) were calculated. Optical aspects show interaction among phonon and electron in terms of long-range and short-range forces. The studied compound is very useful for various linear–nonlinear optical devices, so this compound is very valuable for several linear–nonlinear optical devices. So this manuscript represents a comprehensive approach for calculating the complete set of useful properties of the ZnAl2Se4 compound, which can provide support for understanding various device phenomena such as electrochemical sensing, photovoltaics, and nonvolatile electronic memories.
Photo-response of the $$N=Z$$ nucleus $$^{24}$$Mg
Authors: Deary J. , Scheck M. , Schwengner R. , O’Donnell D. , Bemmerer D. , Beyer R. , Hensel Th. , Junghans A. R. , Kögler T. , Müller S. E. , Römer K. , Schmidt K. , Turkat S. , Urlaß S. , Wagner A. , Bowry M. , Adsley P. , Agar O. , Chapman R. , Crespi F. C. L. , Doherty D. T. , Gayer U. Friman , Herzberg R.-D. , Isaak J. , Janssens R. V. F. , Kröll T. , Löher B. , Nara Singh B. S. , von Neumann-Cosel P. , Pellegri L. , Peters E. E. , Rainovski G. , Savran D. , Smith J. F. , Spieker M. , Thirolf P. G. , Triambak S. , Tornow W. , Venhart M. , Wiedeking M. , Wieland O. , Yates S. W. , Zilges A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe electricE1 and magneticM1 dipole responses of the$$N=Z$$N=Znucleus$$^{24}$$24Mg were investigated in an inelastic photon scattering experiment. The 13.0 MeV electrons, which were used to produce the unpolarised bremsstrahlung in the entrance channel of the$$^{24}$$24Mg($$\gamma ,\gamma ^{\prime }$$γ,γ′) reaction, were delivered by the ELBE accelerator of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf. The collimated bremsstrahlung photons excited one$$J^{\pi }=1^-$$Jπ=1-, four$$J^{\pi }=1^+$$Jπ=1+, and six$$J^{\pi }=2^+$$Jπ=2+states in$$^{24}$$24Mg. De-excitation$$\gamma $$γrays were detected using the four high-purity germanium detectors of the$$\gamma $$γELBE setup, which is dedicated to nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments. In the energy region up to 13.0 MeV a total$$B(M1)\uparrow = 2.7(3)~\mu _N^2$$B(M1)↑=2.7(3)μN2is observed, but this$$N=Z$$N=Znucleus exhibits only marginalE1 strength of less than$$\sum B(E1)\uparrow \le 0.61 \times 10^{-3}$$∑B(E1)↑≤0.61×10-3 e$$^2 \, $$2fm$$^2$$2. The$$B(\varPi 1, 1^{\pi }_i \rightarrow 2^+_1)/B(\varPi 1, 1^{\pi }_i \rightarrow 0^+_{gs})$$B(Π1,1iπ→21+)/B(Π1,1iπ→0gs+)branching ratios in combination with the expected results from the Alaga rules demonstrate thatKis a good approximative quantum number for$$^{24}$$24Mg. The use of the known$$\rho ^2(E0, 0^+_2 \rightarrow 0^+_{gs})$$ρ2(E0,02+→0gs+)strength and the measured$$B(M1, 1^+ \rightarrow 0^+_2)/B(M1, 1^+ \rightarrow 0^+_{gs})$$B(M1,1+→02+)/B(M1,1+→0gs+)branching ratio of the 10.712 MeV$$1^+$$1+level allows, in a two-state mixing model, an extraction of the difference$$\varDelta \beta _2^2$$Δβ22between the prolate ground-state structure and shape-coexisting superdeformed structure built upon the 6432-keV$$0^+_2$$02+level.
Conserved charges of the Kerr black hole revisited
Authors: Günel Okan , Sarıoğlu Özgür 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe revisit the Kerr black hole as cast in the Boyer–Lindquist, Kerr–Schild and Weyl canonical coordinates, and calculate its total mass/energy and total angular momentum using linearized gravity along with its background Killing isometries. We argue that the integration of the relevant gravitational flux does not depend on the geometry of the closed and simply connected spatial boundary provided it is also piecewise smooth.
p53 Gain-of-Function Mutation Induces Metastasis via BRD4-Dependent CSF-1 Expression
Authors: Efe Gizem , Dunbar Karen J. , Sugiura Kensuke , Cunningham Katherine , Carcamo Saul , Karaiskos Spyros , Tang Qiaosi , Cruz-Acuña Ricardo , Resnick-Silverman Lois , Peura Jessica , Lu Chao , Hasson Dan , Klein-Szanto Andres J. , Taylor Alison M. , Manfredi James J. , Prives Carol , Rustgi Anil K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

TP53 mutations are frequent in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and other SCCs and are associated with a proclivity for metastasis. Here, we report that colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) expression is upregulated significantly in a p53-R172H–dependent manner in metastatic lung lesions of ESCC. The p53-R172H–dependent CSF-1 signaling, through its cognate receptor CSF-1R, increases tumor cell invasion and lung metastasis, which in turn is mediated in part through Stat3 phosphorylation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In Trp53R172H tumor cells, p53 occupies the Csf-1 promoter. The Csf-1 locus is enriched with histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), which is likely permissive for fostering an interaction between bromodomain-containing domain 4 (BRD4) and p53-R172H to regulate Csf-1 transcription. Inhibition of BRD4 not only reduces tumor invasion and lung metastasis but also reduces circulating CSF-1 levels. Overall, our results establish a novel p53-R172H–dependent BRD4–CSF-1 axis that promotes ESCC lung metastasis and suggest avenues for therapeutic strategies for this difficult-to-treat disease.

Significance:
The invasion–metastasis cascade is a recalcitrant barrier to effective cancer therapy. We establish that the p53-R172H–dependent BRD4-CSF-1 axis is a mediator of prometastatic properties, correlates with patient survival and tumor stages, and its inhibition significantly reduces tumor cell invasion and lung metastasis. This axis can be exploited for therapeutic advantage.
This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2489
Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signatures in Ischemic Muscle Satellite Cells Affected by Peripheral Artery Disease—Brief Report
Authors: Tran Lillian , Xie Bowen , Assaf Edwyn , Ferrari Ricardo , Pipinos Iraklis I. , Casale George P. , Mota Alvidrez Roberto Ivan , Watkins Simon , Sachdev Ulka 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
We hypothesized that transcriptomic profiling of muscle satellite cells in peripheral artery disease (PAD) would identify damage-related pathways contributing to skeletal muscle myopathy. We identified a potential role for ferroptosis—a form of programmed lytic cell death by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation—as one such pathway. Ferroptosis promotes myopathy in ischemic cardiac muscle but has an unknown role in PAD.

METHODS:
Muscle satellite cells from donors with PAD were obtained during surgery. cDNA libraries were processed for single-cell RNA sequencing using the 10X Genomics platform. Protein expression was confirmed based on pathways inferred by transcriptomic analysis.

RESULTS:
Unsupervised cluster analysis of over 25 000 cells aggregated from 8 donor samples yielded distinct cell populations grouped by a shared unique transcriptional fingerprint. Quiescent cells were diminished in ischemic muscle while myofibroblasts and apoptotic cells were prominent. Differential gene expression demonstrated a surprising increase in genes associated with iron transport and oxidative stress and a decrease in GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4) in ischemic PAD-derived cells. Release of the danger signal HMGB1 (high mobility group box-1) correlated with ferroptotic markers including surface transferrin receptor and were higher in ischemia. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation in muscle satellite cells was modulated by ferrostatin, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Histology confirmed iron deposition and lipofuscin, an inducer of ferroptosis in PAD-affected muscle.

CONCLUSIONS:
This report presents a novel finding that genes known to be involved in ferroptosis are differentially expressed in human skeletal muscle affected by PAD. Targeting ferroptosis may be a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce PAD myopathy.