bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial health and quality of life in ICSI and naturally conceived adolescents: a cross-sectional comparison
Authors: Eisemann N. , Schnoor M. , Rakusa E. , Braren-von Stülpnagel C. C. , Katalinic A. , Ludwig M. , Sonntag B. , Ludwig A. K. , Elsner S. A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Psychosocial health (PH) and quality of life (QoL) are important health outcomes. We compared PH and QoL of adolescents conceived with intrazytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) and of naturally conceived controls. The impact of disclosure of ICSI-conception on QoL and PH was quantified.

Methods
The cross-sectional sample consisted of 545 ICSI-conceived adolescents and 427 unmatched singleton controls aged 14–18 years. Adolescents reported PH with the ‘Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire’ (low values indicating high PH), and QoL with the KINDL questionnaire (high values indicating high QoL). Because of clustering of multiples within families, adjusted linear regressions with generalized estimating equations were used to compare ICSI- and naturally conceived adolescents. Missing values were treated by multiple imputation. Minimal importance was defined as half a standard deviation.

Results
Both ICSI and control adolescents had high PH (low mean ‘total difficulties’ score: 9 of 40) and high QoL (mean ‘total KINDL’ score: 75 of 100). Differences were generally in favour of the ICSI group. Significant differences occurred for ‘impact of behavioural problems’ (p = 0.033), the ‘total KINDL’ score (p = 0.021) and the dimensions ‘physical wellbeing’ (p = 0.031) and ‘school’ (p = 0.005), but all differences were far below minimal importance. About 80% of ICSI adolescents were informed about their mode of conception. PH and QoL were slightly higher in informed adolescents; behavioural difficulties (‘total behavioural problems’ and ‘conduct problems’) were significantly lower (p = 0.013 and p = 0.003), behavioural strengths (‘prosocial behaviour’) and ‘physical QoL’ significantly higher (p = 0.004 and p = 0.018), but differences remained clearly below minimal importance.

Conclusions
Our results are reassuring for parents using ICSI and their children. Speaking openly about an ICSI conception in the family may be beneficial.
Spelling processing during handwriting and typing and the role of reading and visual-motor skills when typing is less practiced than handwriting
Authors: Cerni Tania , Job Remo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe automatization of handwriting and typing is sustained by both sensorimotor and linguistic abilities that support the integration of central-linguistic processes with modality-specific peripheral-motor programs. How this integration evolves when handwriting and, especially, typing is not fully automatized has not been well-understood yet. In the present work, we had two main aims: (1) to understand how spelling processing affects handwriting and typing word production in a sample of 9th-grade Italian students who have extensive handwriting practice but less experience with typing, and (2) to unveil if reading and visual-motor integration skills of the writer/typists have a role in integrating spelling processing and motor execution. Thirty-six 9th-grade participants handwrote and typed to dictation words and pseudowords of different lengths and orthographic complexity. To test spelling processing during handwriting and typing, we collected measures of latency (RTs)—i.e. the interval between spoken stimulus availability and starting to write—, of interletter interval mean—i.e., the mean of the intervals between consecutive letters—, and whole response duration—i.e. the execution time of the entire stimulus. We further assessed participants’ reading and visual-motor integration skills to analyze their impact on the chronometric measures as a function of the linguistic proprieties of the stimuli. Our findings show a different pattern of processing for handwriting, the automatized process for our participants, and for typing, for which stronger lexical and sublexical effects emerged. Furthermore, reading and visual-motor skills interacted differently with the two transcription modalities unveiling a modality-specific role of individual skills according to the automatization of handwriting and typing.
The influence of start-up motivation on entrepreneurial performance
Authors: Caliendo Marco , Kritikos Alexander S. , Stier Claudia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPredicting entrepreneurial development based on individual and business-related characteristics is a key objective of entrepreneurship research. In this context, we investigate whether the motives of becoming an entrepreneur influence the subsequent entrepreneurial development. In our analysis, we examine a broad range of business outcomes including survival and income, as well as job creation, and expansion and innovation activities for up to 40 months after business formation. Using the self-determination theory as conceptual background, we aggregate the start-up motives into a continuous motivational index. We show – based on a unique dataset of German start-ups from unemployment and non-unemployment – that the later business performance is better, the higher they score on this index. Effects are particularly strong for growth-oriented outcomes like innovation and expansion activities. In a next step, we examine three underlying motivational categories that we term opportunity, career ambition, and necessity. We show that individuals driven by opportunity motives perform better in terms of innovation and business expansion activities, while career ambition is positively associated with survival, income, and the probability of hiring employees. All effects are robust to the inclusion of a large battery of covariates that are proven to be important determinants of entrepreneurial performance.
WSMP: a warp scheduling strategy based on MFQ and PPF
Authors: Fang Juan , Zhao Li’ang , Cai Min , Yang Huijing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNormally, threads in a warp do not severely interfere with each other. However, the scheduler must wait until all the threads within complete before scheduling the next warp, resulting in memory divergence. The crux of the problem is scheduling the warp in a more reasonable order. Therefore, we propose a new warp scheduling strategy called WSMP, which is based on multi-level feedback queue (MFQ) and perceptron-based prefetch filtering (PPF). All the warps are sorted beforehand according to the latency tolerance of the warps and pushed into a certain queue in MFQ. We also remold PPF to enhance the modified underlying prefetcher. We are able to strike a balance between cache hit rate and prefetch coverage then. We verify its feasibility using GPGPU-Sim, along with exclusive GPGPU workload. The results show that compared to the baseline, WSMP improves IPC by 26.45% and reduces L2 cache miss rate by 9.54% on average.
Fault-tolerant quantum algorithm for dual-threshold image segmentation
Authors: López Luis O. , Orts Francisco , Ortega Gloria , González-Ruiz Vicente , Garzón Ester M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe intrinsic high parallelism and entanglement characteristics of quantum computing have made quantum image processing techniques a focus of great interest. One of the most widely used techniques in image processing is segmentation, which in one of their most basic forms can be carried out using thresholding algorithms. In this paper, a fault-tolerant quantum dual-threshold algorithm has been proposed. This algorithm has been built using only Clifford+T gates for compatibility with error detection and correction codes. Because fault-tolerant implementation of T gates has a much higher cost than other quantum gates, our focus has been on reducing the number of these gates. This has allowed adding noise tolerance, computational cost reduction, and fault tolerance to the state-of-the-art dual-threshold segmentation circuits. Since the dual-threshold image segmentation involves the comparison operation, as part of this work we have implemented two full comparator circuits. These circuits optimize the metrics T-count and T-depth with respect to the best circuit comparators currently available in the literature.
Vice epistemology, norm-maintenance and epistemic evasiveness
Authors: Piovarchy Adam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVice epistemology studies how character traits, attitudes, or thinking styles systematically get in the way of knowledge, while doxastic responsibility is concerned with what kinds of responses are appropriate towards agents who believe badly. This paper identifies a new connection between these two fields, arguing that our propensity to take responsibility for our doxastic failures is directly relevant for vice epistemology, and in particular, understanding the social obstacles to knowledge that epistemic vices can create. This is because responses to norm violations are an important mechanism by which norms are upheld, and maintaining epistemic norms is crucial for our collective epistemic successes. This paper then identifies a new kind of vice, one which is bad precisely because of the way it undermines the epistemic norms that our blaming practices help maintain, and thus the benefits that said norms create. I call this vice epistemic evasiveness, and it concerns the attitude that one takes towards their own performance as an epistemic agent. Evasiveness is bad because it creates uncertainty about which agents are reliable, it prevents holders of this attitude from learning from their mistakes, and it signals to third parties that the norm is not being upheld, making them less likely to follow the norm.
Two approaches to naturalistic social ontology
Authors: Sarkia Matti , Kaidesoja Tuukka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSocial ontological inquiry has been pursued in analytic philosophy as well as in the social scientific tradition of critical realism. These traditions have remained largely separate despite partly overlapping concerns and similar underlying strategies of argumentation. They have also both been the subject of similar criticisms based on naturalistic approaches to the philosophy of science, which have addressed their apparent reliance on a transcendental mode of reasoning, their seeming distance from social scientific practice, and their (erroneous?) tendency to advocate global solutions to local and pragmatic problems. Two approaches aiming to naturalize these two traditions of social ontology have been proposed in recent years: one drawing on a Gierean, model-based approach to scientific practice, the other drawing on inference to the best explanation. In our paper, we compare and contrast these naturalistic approaches to social ontology in terms of their capacity to respond to the aforementioned challenges. We also defend a form of methodological pluralism, according to which there are multiple different naturalistically acceptable approaches to social ontology, which emphasize contrasting procedural continuities between social scientific research and philosophical practice.
Early- and Late-Time Prediction of Counter-Current Spontaneous Imbibition, Scaling Analysis and Estimation of the Capillary Diffusion Coefficient
Authors: Andersen Pål Østebø 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSolutions are investigated for 1D linear counter-current spontaneous imbibition (COUSI). It is shown theoretically that all COUSI scaled solutions depend only on a normalized coefficient $${\Lambda }_{n}\left({S}_{n}\right)$$

Λ
n

S
n

with mean 1 and no other parameters (regardless of wettability, saturation functions, viscosities, etc.). 5500 realistic functions $${\Lambda }_{n}$$

Λ
n

were generated using (mixed-wet and strongly water-wet) relative permeabilities, capillary pressure and mobility ratios. The variation in $${\Lambda }_{n}$$

Λ
n

appears limited, and the generated functions span most/all relevant cases. The scaled diffusion equation was solved for each case, and recovery vs time $$RF$$

RF

was analyzed. RF could be characterized by two (case specific) parameters $$RFtr$$

RFtr

and $$lr$$

lr

(the correlation overlapped the 5500 curves with mean $${R}^{2}=0.9989$$

R

2

=
0.9989

): Recovery follows exactly $$\mathrm{RF}={T}_{n}^{0.5}$$

RF
=

T

n

0.5

before water meets the no-flow boundary (early time) but continues (late time) with marginal error until $$RFtr$$

RFtr

(highest recovery reached as $${T}_{n}^{0.5}$$

T

n

0.5

) in an extended early-time regime. Recovery then approaches 1, with $$lr$$

lr

quantifying the decline in imbibition rate. $$RFtr$$

RFtr

was 0.05 to 0.2 higher than recovery when water reached the no-flow boundary (critical time). A new scaled time formulation $${T}_{n}=t/\tau {T}_{\mathrm{ch}}$$

T
n

=
t
/
τ

T
ch

accounts for system length $$L$$
L
and magnitude $$\overline{D }$$

D
¯

of the unscaled diffusion coefficient via $$\tau ={L}^{2}/\overline{D }$$

τ
=

L

2

/

D
¯

, and $${T}_{\mathrm{ch}}$$

T
ch

separately accounts for shape via $${\Lambda }_{n}$$

Λ
n

. Parameters describing $${\Lambda }_{n}$$

Λ
n

and recovery were correlated which permitted (1) predicting recovery (without solving the diffusion equation); (2) predicting diffusion coefficients explaining experimental recovery data; (3) explaining the challenging interaction between inputs such as wettability, saturation functions and viscosities with time scales, early- and late-time recovery behavior.
Nature and Agency: Towards a Post-Kantian Naturalism
Authors: Gambarotto Andrea , Nahas Auguste 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe outline an alternative to both scientific and liberal naturalism which attempts to reconcile Sellars’ apparently conflicting commitments to the scientific accountability of human nature and the autonomy of the space of reasons. Scientific naturalism holds that agency and associated concepts are a mechanical product of the realm of laws, while liberal naturalism contends that the autonomy of the space of reason requires that we leave nature behind. The third way we present follows in the footsteps of German Idealism, which attempted to overcome the Kantian chasm between nature and agency, and is thus dubbed ‘post-Kantian.’ We point to an overlooked group of scholars in the naturalism debate who, along with recent work in biology and cognitive science, offer a path to overcome the reductive tendencies of empiricism while avoiding the dichotomy of logical spaces. We then bring together these different streams of research, by foregrounding and expanding on what they share: the idea of organisms as living agents and that of a continuity without identity between life and mind. We qualify this as a bottom-up transformative approach to rational agency, which grounds cognition in the intrinsically purposive nature of organisms, while emphasizing the distinction between biological agency and full-fledged mindedness.
The role of microhabitat for bryophyte establishment in reclamation of boreal wetlands
Authors: Vitt Dale H. , House Melissa , Glaeser Lilyan C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMinerogenous peatlands that accumulate deep deposits of organic matter (fens) were an important part of the pre-disturbance landscape across Alberta’s oil sands mining area. Bryophytes occupy 80–100% of the ground layer in these site types and form an important part of the accumulated organic matter. Bryophytes are small plants that occur in microhabitats that are an integral part of the surrounding plant community. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the establishment of bryophytes at an experimental wetland (Sandhill Wetland-SHW) by assessing the changing vegetation and substrate regimes over eight years after wet-up. Included in this analysis is an account of the ground layer flora between 2014 and 2021 along with evaluation of associated environmental factors. At SHW, a number of peatland bryophytes initially established in numerous areas across the wetland. However, in subsequent years increasing water tables with expanding Typha-dominating areas, high sedge productivity along with increasing vascular plant cover, and increasing sodicity have reduced the microhabitats available for bryophytes, with the result being a much-diminished set of peatland bryophyte species. We suggest that future reclamation designs for fens should include microhabitats for bryophytes, as bryophytes are foundational species and integral to fen development. In comparison, reclamation designs for non-peat forming ecosystems that do not have abundant bryophytes, such as marshes and saline wetlands, do not require these microhabitat conditions. Installing a recently harvested peat substrate appears to provide suitable conditions for early establishment of bryophytes.
Using Neural Networks to Detect Fire from Overhead Images
Authors: Kurasinski Lukas , Tan Jason , Malekian Reza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing in our everyday applications. One emerging field within AI is image recognition. Research that has been devoted to predicting fires involves predicting its behaviour. That is, how the fire will spread based on environmental key factors such as moisture, weather condition, and human presence. The result of correctly predicting fire spread can help firefighters to minimise the damage, deciding on possible actions, as well as allocating personnel effectively in potentially fire prone areas to extinguish fires quickly. Using neural networks (NN) for active fire detection has proven to be exceptional in classifying smoke and being able to separate it from similar patterns such as clouds, ground, dust, and ocean. Recent advances in fire detection using NN has proved that aerial imagery including drones as well as satellites has provided great results in detecting and classifying fires. These systems are computationally heavy and require a tremendous amount of data. A NN model is inextricably linked to the dataset on which it is trained. The cornerstone of this study is based on the data dependencieds of these models. The model herein is trained on two separate datasets and tested on three dataset in total in order to investigate the data dependency. When validating the model on their own datasets the model reached an accuracy of 92% respectively 99%. In comparison to previous work where an accuracy of 94% was reached. During evaluation of separate datasets, the model performed around the 60% range in 5 out of 6 cases, with the outlier of 29% in one of the cases.
Implementation and Evaluation of IPv6 with Compression and Fragmentation for Throughput Improvement of Internet of Things Networks over IEEE 802.15.4
Authors: Haggag Ayman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is a large number of connected devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) networks that are typically several orders of magnitude bigger than enterprise networks and campus networks. The exponential increase in the number of interconnected smart devices is expected to exceed 60 billion smart objects shortly. The requirements needed for IoT networks are scalability, low power consumption, and simplified routing and security protocols. IoT networks are also heterogeneous, composing different types of networks together. Legacy network protocols like IPv4 has deemed to be inefficient for IoT networks. As the number of IPv4 addresses is almost consumed with regular network devices, we propose the use of IPv6 addressing for IoT-connected devices as IPv4 cannot accommodate the scalability requirement of IoT. IPv6 provides extended address space and enhanced mobility which are very essential for IoT networks. In this research, we apply IPv6 to IoT networks to avoid the scalability bottleneck of the IPv4 subnet. IPv6 accommodates a large number of connected devices and solves issues resulting from the heterogeneous nature and access methods of IoT devices. However, IPv6 is a large protocol that does not suit itself well in the IoT world. The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) permitted for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC data frames with their encapsulated IPv6 packet is limited to 127 bytes. We need 40 bytes for the uncompressed IPv6 header and 8 bytes are needed for the uncompressed UDP header. As a result, there are either 54 bytes left for the payload when security is not considered or 33 bytes when security is considered. We investigate throughput improvement for IoT networks by applying adaptation to IPv6 through header compression with UDP header compression. We also apply fragmentation for MAC frames that exceed the 127 bytes MTU limit. Simulation results showed that IPv6 compression with or without fragmentation serves toward adapting IPv6 packets to IoT networks. In the case of applying fragmentation, the technique of fragment forwarding greatly enhances the performance. Network traffic within the same network can be compressed to 2 bytes. On leaving the 802.15.4 network, the header increases to 12 bytes if the network prefix is known or to 20 bytes if the network prefix is unknown. Two evaluation metrics, namely, Compression Gain and Packet Delivery Ratio were applied to our proposed implementation method to prove the validity and the efficiency of our proposal.
Do changes in Lactuca sativa metabolic performance, induced by mycorrhizal symbionts and leaf UV-B irradiation, play a role towards tolerance to a polyphagous insect pest?
Authors: Santin Marco , Zeni Valeria , Grassi Arianna , Ricciardi Renato , Pieracci Ylenia , Di Giovanni Filippo , Panzani Sofia , Frasconi Christian , Agnolucci Monica , Avio Luciano , Turrini Alessandra , Giovannetti Manuela , Ruffini Castiglione Monica , Ranieri Annamaria , Canale Angelo , Lucchi Andrea , Agathokleous Evgenios , Benelli Giovanni 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The increased ultraviolet radiation (UV) due to the altered stratospheric ozone leads to multiple plant physiological and biochemical adaptations, likely affecting their interaction with other organisms, such as pests and pathogens. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and UV-B treatment can be used as eco-friendly techniques to protect crops from pests by activating plant mechanisms of resistance. In this study, we investigated plant (Lactuca sativa) response to UV-B exposure and Funneliformis mosseae (IMA1) inoculation as well as the role of a major insect pest, Spodoptera littoralis. Lettuce plants exposed to UV-B were heavier and taller than non-irradiated ones. A considerable enrichment in phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and carotenoid contents and antioxidant capacity, along with redder and more homogenous leaf color, were also observed in UV-B-treated but not in AMF-inoculated plants. Biometric and biochemical data did not differ between AMF and non-AMF plants. AMF-inoculated plants showed hyphae, arbuscules, vesicles, and spores in their roots. AMF colonization levels were not affected by UV-B irradiation. No changes in S. littoralis-feeding behavior towards treated and untreated plants were observed, suggesting the ability of this generalist herbivore to overcome the plant chemical defenses boosted by UV-B exposure. The results of this multi-factorial study shed light on how polyphagous insect pests can cope with multiple plant physiological and biochemical adaptations following biotic and abiotic preconditioning.