bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of fully biodegradable fusible interlinings for eco‐friendly garments and investigation of their performance on a shirt
Authors: Seyidzade Lale , Gurarda Ayca , Kanik Mehmet , Manasoglu Gizem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInterlining is a very important accessory in the garment industry and is used between two layers of fabric in the garment to support the appearance and stance of the garment. In fusible interlinings, petroleum‐based synthetic materials such as polyamide, polyester, high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), and various copolymers are used as the bonding material. Since these polymers do not degrade over time in nature, they do not support environmentally friendly production. This study aimed to produce fully biodegradable (100%) fusible interlinings by using environmentally friendly biodegradable polymers instead of traditional ones and thus develop eco‐friendly garment with their help. Firstly, fusible interlinings were produced by coating three different polymers, one conventional (HDPE) and the other two biodegradable (PLA and PCL) on the cotton base fabric by knife coating technique. In the second stage, these fusible interlinings were applied to a 100% cotton shirting fabric, and their performance and biodegradability tests were performed. According to the results, it was revealed that these interlinings could be used in the production of completely biodegradable clothes.
An Isothiazolanthrone‐Based Self‐Assembling Anticancer Color‐Changing Dye for Concurrent Imaging and Monitoring of Cell Viability
Authors: Gour Nidhi , Kshtriya Vivekshinh , Khatun Sajmina , Bandyopadhyay Sujoy , Ghosh Rajib , Koshti Bharti , Singh Ramesh , Haque Ashadul , Bhatia Dhiraj , Joshi Khashti Ballabh , Boukhvalov Danil W. , Nath Sukhendu , Rengan Aravind K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report the photophysical properties, self‐assembly and biological evaluation of an isothiazolanthrone‐based dye, 7‐amino‐6H‐anthra[9,1‐cd]isothiazol‐6‐one (AAT), which reveals anticancer properties and can be potentially used as dye for monitoring cell viability. The solvent‐dependent photophysical studies suggest that the emission of AAT is sensitive to environment polarity due to which interesting changes in the colored emission may be observed owing to the charge transfer (CT) processes. AAT also self‐assembles to tree‐like branched morphologies and produce, a greenish emission inside the cells when imaged after short interval (15 mins) of incubation while a red fluorescence could be noted after 24 h. Interestingly, AAT also produce differential emission inside mouse normal cells as compared to its cancer cell lines since it possess anticancer activity. The experimental observations were also validated theoretically via computational modeling.
Correlation between age and the sciatic nerve diameter in the first 2 years of life: A high‐resolution ultrasound study
Authors: Jenny Carole , van der Linde Jacoba , Hundsberger Thomas , Broser Philip J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the maturation of the peripheral nervous system by analyzing the cross‐sectional area of the sciatic nerve during the first 2 years of life.MethodsThe sciatic nerve was examined by high‐resolution ultrasound imaging in 52 children aged 0 days to 10 years, 45 of whom were younger than 2 years. The correlation between the cross‐sectional area of the nerve and the age was statistically tested. A logarithmic regression analysis was performed to develop a logarithmic growth model of the cross‐sectional area.ResultsThere is a highly significant correlation between the age and the cross‐sectional area of the sciatic nerve. The growth rate can well be described by a logarithmic model.InterpretationBased on the literature on the maturation of the median nerve and nerve roots and the findings of the present study, we conclude that both the proximal and the distal parts of the nerves of the peripheral nervous system increase simultaneously.What this paper addsNormative values for the size of the sciatic nerve in children.
Four New C19‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum nagarum Stapf
Authors: Ding Ning , Wang Shu , Xiao Yan , Huang Shuai , Chen Lin , Xie Jiang , Zhou Xian‐Li 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFour new aconitine‐type C19‐diterpenoid alkaloids, were isolated from the roots of Aconitum nagarum Stapf which were named as nagarutines A–D (1–4), together with eleven known compounds (5–15). The structures of the compounds were identified by IR, HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. All compounds were tested for the inhibitory effect on LPS induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, compound 7 showed moderate anti‐inflammatory activity effect and Inhibition rate is about 44.50%.
A Tri‐Enzyme Cascade for Efficient Production of L‐2‐Aminobutyrate from L‐Threonine
Authors: Li Xin , Gao Changzheng , Wei Wanqing , Song Wei , Meng Weiwei , Liu Jia , Chen Xiulai , Gao Cong , Guo Liang , Liu Liming , Wu Jing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractL‐2‐aminobutyrate (L‐ABA) is an important chiral drug intermediate with a key role in modern medicinal chemistry. Here, we describe the development of an efficient method for the asymmetric synthesis of L‐ABA in a tri‐enzymatic cascade in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using a cost‐effective L‐Thr. Low activity of leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus thuringiensis (BtLDH) and unbalanced expression of enzymes in the cascade were major challenges. Mechanism‐based protein engineering generated the optimal triple variant BtLDHM3(A262S/V296C/P150M) with 20.7‐fold increased specific activity and 9.6‐fold increased kcat/Km compared with the wild type. Optimizing plasmids with different copy numbers regulated enzymatic expression, thereby increasing the activity ratio (0.3 : 1:0.6) of these enzymes in vivo close to the optimal ratio (0.4 : 1 : 1) in vitro. Importing the optimal triple mutant BtLDHM3 into our constructed pathway in vivo and optimization of transformation conditions achieved one‐pot conversion of L‐Thr to 130.2 g/L L‐ABA, with 95 % conversion, 99 % e.e. and 10.9 g L−1 h−1 productivity (the highest to date) in 12 h on a 500 mL scale. These results describe a potential biosynthesis approach for the industrial production of L‐ABA.
Identification and validation of NFIA as a novel prognostic marker in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: de Alwis Roger , Schoch Sarah , Islam Mazharul , Möller Christina , Ljungberg Börje , Axelson Håkan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrognostic tools are an essential component of the clinical management of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although tumour stage and grade can provide important information, they fail to consider patient‐ and tumour‐specific biology. In this study, we set out to find a novel molecular marker of RCC by using hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A), a transcription factor implicated in RCC progression and malignancy, as a blueprint. Through transcriptomic analyses, we show that the nuclear factor I A (NFIA)‐driven transcription network is active in primary RCC and that higher levels of NFIA confer a survival benefit. We validate our findings using immunohistochemical staining and analysis of a 363‐patient tissue microarray (TMA), showing for the first time that NFIA can independently predict poor cancer‐specific survival in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) patients (hazard ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.24–0.85, p value = 0.014). Furthermore, we confirm the association of HNF4A with higher grades and stages in ccRCC in our TMA cohort. We present novel data that show HNF4A protein expression does not confer favourable prognosis in papillary RCC, confirming our survival analysis with publicly available HNF4A RNA expression data. Further work is required to elucidate the functional role of NFIA in RCC as well as the testing of these markers on patient material from diverse multi‐centre cohorts, to establish their value for the prognostication of RCC.
Density Differences Affect the Mixing Process of Pollutants in The River Confluence Area
Authors: Dong Cheng , Feng MinQuan , Jing HaiXiao , Dang XiaoGe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe influence of density differences on the mixing process of pollutants in the confluence area of the Yellow River (YR) and Fen River (FR) is unclear. This study conducts several field experiments on the hydrodynamic and pollution concentrations in a large asymmetric confluence. The mixing rate and deviation from complete mixing (δ) for the pollutant concentrations are used to describe the mixing process and intensity of contaminants. The results show that the density differences caused by the sediment concentration are an essential factor affecting the pollutant mixing process in the confluence area. After ≈14.7 dimensionless river lengths, theδof the pollutants in the confluence area, under the strong density difference, drops below 10%. In comparison, the maximumδunder the other density differences still exceeds 10% after 27.5 dimensionless river lengths. The strong density difference in the confluence area enhances the pollutant mixing process and shortens the mixing distance. The flow velocity distribution and shear layer changes under different density differences are important driving forces that affect the mixing process of pollutants. This study is of great scientific significance, as it helps gain insight into the mixing pattern of pollutants in river confluence areas.
Top advances of the year: Precision oncology
Authors: Desai Aakash , Reddy Neha K. , Subbiah Vivek 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe advent of precision medicine has changed the landscape of oncologic biomarkers, drug discovery, drug development, and, more importantly, outcomes for patients with cancer. Precision oncology entails the genomic profiling of tumors to detect actionable aberrations. The advances in clinical next‐generation sequencing from both tumor tissue and liquid biopsy and availability of targeted therapies has rapidly entered mainstream clinical practice. In this review, recent major developments in precision oncology that have affected outcomes for patients with cancer are discussed. Rapid clinical development was seen of targeted agents across various mutational profiles such as KRASG12C (which was considered “undruggable” for almost 4 decades), Exon 20 insertions, and RET mutations. Approaches to precision chemotherapy delivery by the introduction of antibody drug conjugates in the armamentarium against lung cancer has been appreciated.
Experimental Models of Gulf War Illness, a Chronic Neuropsychiatric Disorder in Veterans
Authors: Reddy Doodipala Samba , Wu Xin , Singh Tanveer , Neff Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGulf War illness (GWI) is a chronic multifaceted condition with debilitating pain and fatigue, as well as sleep, behavioral, and cognitive impairments in war veterans. Currently, there is no effective treatment or cure for GWI; therefore, there is a critical need to develop experimental models to help better understand its mechanisms and interventions related to GWI‐associated neuropsychiatric disorders. Chemical neurotoxicity appears to be one cause of GWI, and its symptoms manifest as disruptions in neuronal function. However, the mechanisms underlying such incapacitating neurologic and psychiatric symptoms are poorly understood. The etiology of GWI is complex, and many factors including chemical exposure, psychological trauma, and environmental stressors have been associated with its development. Attempts have been made to create GWI‐like symptomatic models, including through chronic induction in mice and rats. Here, we present a brief protocol of GWI in rats and mice, which exhibit robust neuropsychiatric signs and neuropathologic changes reminiscent of GWI. This article provides a guide to working protocols, application of therapeutic drugs, outcomes, troubleshooting, and data analysis. Our broad profiling of GWI‐like symptoms in rodents reveals features of progressive morphologic and long‐lasting neuropsychiatric features. Together, the GWI model in rodents shows striking consistency in recapitulating major hallmark features of GWI in veterans. These models help identify mechanisms and interventions for GWI. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Experimental induction of Gulf War illness in ratsSupport Protocol 1: Monitoring of Gulf War illness signs and neuroimaging analysis in ratsBasic Protocol 2: Experimental induction of Gulf War illness in miceSupport Protocol 2: Monitoring of Gulf War illness signs and neuropathology analysis in mice
Recent Breakthroughs in Supercapacitors Boosted by Macrocycles
Authors: Jin Xian‐Yi , Ge Qingmei , Cong Hang , Zhang Yun‐Qian , Zhao Jiang‐Lin , Jiang Nan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors are essential for electrochemical energy storage because of their high‐power density, good cycle stability, fast charging and discharging rates, and low maintenance cost. Macrocycles, including cucurbiturils, calixarene, and cyclodextrins, are cage‐like organic compounds (with a nanocavity that contains O and N heteroatoms) with unique potential in supercapacitors. Here, we review the applications of macrocycles in supercapacitor systems, and we illustrate the merits of organic macrocycles in electrodes and electrolytes for improving the electrochemical double‐layer capacitors and pseudocapacitance via supramolecular strategies. Then, the observed relationships between electrochemical performance and macrocyclic structures are introduced. This comprehensive review describes recent progress on macrocycle‐block supercapacitors for researchers.
Glyoxylic‐Acetal‐Based Electrolytes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and Sodium‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Leibing Christian , Leistenschneider Desirée , Neumann Christof , Oschatz Martin , Turchanin Andrey , Balducci Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA comprehensive study on the properties and implementation of glyoxylic‐acetals in sodium‐ion energy storage systems is presented. Electrolytes containing 1,1,2,2‐tetramethoxyethane (tetramethoxyglyoxal, TMG), 1,1,2,2‐tetraethoxyethane (tetraethoxyglyoxal, TEG) and a mixture of the latter with propylene carbonate (PC) exhibit increased thermal stabilities and higher flash points compared to classical electrolytes based on carbonates as solvents. Due to its favorable properties, 1 m NaTFSI in TEG/PC (3 : 7), has been selected and used for sodium‐ion energy storage systems based on a Prussian Blue (PB) positive electrode and a hard carbon (HC) negative electrode. Compared to conventional electrolyte (based on a 1 : 1 mixture of ethylene carbonate, EC, and dimethyl carbonate, DMC), this glyoxylic‐acetal electrolyte provides competitive capacity and prolonged cycle life. Postmortem XPS analysis indicates that the electrode‐electrolyte interphases formed in presence of TEG are thicker and presumably more protective, inhibiting typical degradation processes of the electrodes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the suitable properties of TEG on the cycling stability can also be exploited for the construction of highly stable sodium‐ion capacitors.
A Luminescent Zinc(II) Coordination Polymer for Selective Detection of Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in Water and Catalytic CO2 Fixation
Authors: Sahoo Subham , Mondal Sumit , Sarma Debajit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFluorescence‐based detection technique using coordination polymer has been considered an attractive alternative over conventional approaches. Herein, a new luminescent zinc(II) coordination polymer, [Zn(4‐ABPT)(NIPA)(H2O)], SSICG‐5, is synthesized by using a Lewis acidic Zn(II) ion, aromatic nitro group containing ligand 5‐nitroisophthalic acid (H2NIPA), and basic −NH2 rich ligand 3,5‐di(pyridine‐4‐yl)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐amine (4‐ABPT). SSICG‐5 can detect Fe3+ and Cr2O72− selectively with a LOD of 0.16 μM and 1.94 μM, respectively. Additionally, carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation via one‐pot CO2 cycloaddition reaction has significant importance for reduced waste formation, minimizing reaction time and lowering chemical usage. Zn metal centre of SSICG‐5 possesses a replaceable coordinated water molecule. The active metal sites combined with the Lewis acidic and basic sites of the ligands make SSICG‐5 an ideal bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst for efficient CO2 cycloaddition reaction under room temperature (RT), solvent‐free conditions. Notably, SSICG‐5 exhibits near quantitative conversion (turnover number (TON) of 198) of propylene oxide to its carbonate compound under mild reaction conditions.
KCNH2 variants in a family with epilepsy and long QT syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhou Yu , Hao Nanya , Sander Josemir W. , Lin Xu , Xiong Weixi , Zhou Dong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveGenes associated with Long QT syndromes (LQTS), such as KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A, are common causes of epilepsy. The Arg 744* variant of KCNH2 has been previously reported in people with epilepsy or LQTS, but none of these patients were reported to simultaneously suffer from epilepsy and LQTS. Herein, we report the case of a family with epilepsy and cardiac disorders.MethodThe proband, a 25‐year‐old woman, with a family history of epilepsy and LQTS was followed at West China Hospital. The proband experienced her first seizure at the age of seven. Video electroencephalograms (vEEGs) showed epileptic discharges. Her 24‐h dynamic electrocardiograms 2 (ECGs) showed QTc prolongation. The proband's mother, who is 50 years old, had her first generalized tonic‐clonic seizure (GTCS) at the age of 18 years old. After she gave birth at the age of 25, the frequency of seizures increased, so antiepileptic therapy was initiated. When she was 28 years old, she complained of palpitations and syncope for the first time, and QTc prolongation was detected on her 24‐h dynamic ECGs. The proband's grandmother also had complaints of palpitations and syncope at the age of 73. Her 24‐h dynamic ECGs indicated supraventricular arrhythmia, with the lowest heart rate being 41 bpm, so she agreed to a pacemaker. Considering the young patient's family history, blood samples of the patient and her parents were collected for genetic analysis.ResultsA heterozygous variant of KCNH2 [c.2230 (exon9) C>T, p. Arg744Ter, 416, NM_000238, rs189014161] was found in the proband and her mother. According to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology, we classified the KCNH2 variant as pathogenic.SignificanceThis study expands the clinical phenotype of the Arg 744* KCNH2 pathogenic variant. In the context of channelopathies, because of the genetic susceptibility of the brain and the heart, the risk of comorbidity should be considered. This also indicates the importance of precise antiepileptic drug (AED) management and regular ECG monitoring for patients with channelopathies.
Focal tonic seizures with asymmetrical posturing could allow voluntary movements: A lesson to not be misled for a non‐epileptic event
Authors: Fukuda Mitsumasa , Tojima Maya , Inoue Kenji , Mashimo Hideaki , Kashii Hirofumi , Kumada Satoko , Usami Kiyohide , Ikeda Akio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis report documents the clinical features of supplementary motor area seizures with voluntary movements in two patients. The first case describes a 13‐year‐old boy with a 2‐year history of nocturnal seizures, characterized by an asymmetrical brief tonic posture followed by bilateral rapid hand shaking, but without impaired awareness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed no abnormalities. Video electroencephalogram indicated interictal focal spikes and ictal activity 2 s before clinical onset in the frontal midline area. The patient stated that he purposely shook his hands to lessen the seizure‐induced upper limb stiffness. The second case describes a 43‐year‐old man with a 33‐year history of nocturnal seizures, characterized by an asymmetric brief tonic posture, with the right hand grabbing to hold this posture, but without impaired awareness. Video electroencephalogram indicated that he voluntarily moved his right hand during the latter part of the seizures; however, no clear ictal electroencephalogram change was noted. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass lesion in the right medial superior frontal gyrus. Fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography and ictal single‐photon emission computed tomography indicated ictal focus in the mesial frontal area, as confirmed by invasive electroencephalogram and seizure freedom after surgery. Both patients had typical supplementary motor area seizures, except they could perform voluntary movements in the body parts. The co‐occurrence of supplementary motor area seizures and voluntary movements is clinically useful, as it may help avoid the inaccurate and misleading diagnosis of non‐epileptic events such as psychogenic non‐epileptic seizures.
Highly purified cannabidiol improves stability and postural tone in adult patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome: A case series
Authors: Calvello Carmen , Fernandes Mariana , Lupo Clementina , Placidi Fabio , Izzi Francesca , Bianco Ciro , Celeste Maria Grazia , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Liguori Claudio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe developmental epileptic encephalopathy associated with numerous neurological signs and symptoms. Altered postural tone and the need for a caregiver‐assisted wheelchair are features characterizing patients with LGS. Highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) is a novel antiseizure medication (ASM) recommended for seizure treatment, in combination with clobazam, in patients with LGS. Adding CBD to the previous ASM treatment helps in reducing seizure frequency, specifically drop seizures, in patients with LGS in both clinical trials and real‐world studies. However, no data about drug effects on postural tone, motor activity, gait, and stability are available. In this case series, three adult patients diagnosed with LGS were treated with CBD as an add‐on. During the follow‐up, a slight improvement in seizure frequency was observed. Unexpectedly, an amelioration in postural tone and stability, measured using the validated Gross Motor Function Classification System, was also detected. Our case series suggests that CBD may help in managing patients with LGS regarding seizure control and in improving other aspects of the clinical spectrum of the disease, such as postural tone and stability. The mechanisms at the basis of this improvement may be related, other than seizure reduction, to the drug's effect on the brain locomotor centers, as demonstrated in animal model studies.