bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical impact of rehabilitation and ICU diary on critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ishinuki Tomohiro , Zhang Ling , Harada Keisuke , Tatsumi Hiroomi , Kokubu Nobuaki , Kuno Yoshika , Kumasaka Kanon , Koike Rina , Ohyanagi Toshio , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Narimatsu Eichi , Masuda Yoshiki , Mizuguchi Toru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundVarious physical and mental sequelae reduce the quality of life (QOL) of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Current guidelines recommend multi‐angular approaches to prevent these sequelae. Some studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of rehabilitation or the ICU diary against these sequelae, whereas others have not.AimThe aims of the present study were to establish whether rehabilitation or the ICU diary was useful for reducing the severity of anxiety, depression, and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in ICU patients. We also investigated whether these interventions improved the QOL of these patients.Study designWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of relevant randomized controlled trials published between January 1, 1985, and October 19, 2022, with the following search engines: PubMed, CHINAHL, all Ovid journals, and CENTRAL. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), the short‐form health survey (SF‐36), the EuroQol 5‐dimensions, 5‐levels (EQ‐5D‐5L), and the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R) were used as outcome measures. The quality of evidence across all studies was independently assessed using Review Manager software (v.5.4).ResultsWe included 12 rehabilitation studies and five ICU diary studies. Rehabilitation had no significant effects on HADS‐anxiety, HADS‐depression, or EQ‐5D‐5L, but significantly improved the physical component summary (PCS) [MD = 3.31, 95%CI (1.33 to 5.28), p = .001] and mental component summary (MCS) [MD = 4.31, 95%CI: (1.48 to 7.14), p = .003] of the SF‐36. The ICU diary significantly ameliorated HADS‐anxiety [MD = 0.96, 95%CI: (0.21 to 1.71), p = .01], but did not affect HADS‐depression, the IES‐R, or the PCS or MCS of the SF‐36.ConclusionsThe present study showed that rehabilitation initiated after discharge from the ICU effectively improved SF‐36 scores. The ICU diary ameliorated HADS‐anxiety. Neither rehabilitation nor the ICU diary attenuated HADS‐depression or IES‐R in this setting. Rehabilitation and the ICU diary partially improved the long‐term prognosis of ICU patients.Relevance to clinical practiceThe present study provides evidence for the beneficial effects of rehabilitation and the ICU diary for ICU patients. Rehabilitation alone does not ameliorate anxiety, depression, or PTSD symptoms, but may improve QOL. The ICU diary only appeared to ameliorate anxiety.
Evolving Fertility Goals and Behaviors in Current U.S. Childbearing Cohorts
Authors: Guzzo Karen Benjamin , Hayford Sarah R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the post‐Recession era, U.S. fertility rates have continued to fall. It is unclear if these declines are driven by shifts in fertility goals or growing difficulty in achieving goals. In this paper, we construct synthetic cohorts of men and women to examine both cross‐cohort and within‐cohort changes in fertility goals using multiple cycles of the National Survey of Family Growth. Although more recent cohorts exhibit lower achieved fertility at younger ages than earlier cohorts at the same age, intended parity remains around two children, and intentions to remain childless rarely exceed 15 percent. There is weak evidence of a growing fertility gap in the early 30s, suggesting more recent cohorts will need considerable childbearing in the 30s and early 40s to “catch up” to earlier goals, yet low‐parity women in their early 40s are decreasingly likely to have unfulfilled fertility desires or intentions to have children. Low‐parity men in their early 40s, though, are increasingly likely to intend children. Declines in U.S. fertility thus seem to be largely driven not by changes in early‐life fertility goals so much as either a decreasing likelihood of achieving earlier goals or, perhaps, shifts in the preferred timing of fertility that depress period measures.
Policy reform and farmers' coping strategies: The case of corn price shocks in Heilongjiang Province of China
Authors: Zheng Zhihao , Gao Yang , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Zhao Yinyu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA substantial decrease in corn prices caused by the policy reform in 2016 in China led to heterogeneous supply responses of corn producers: decreasing corn acreage, making no change in corn acreage, and expanding corn acreage. We investigate the causes and consequences of cropland allocation of the supply responses using the balanced panel data on corn‐producing households from 2015 through 2016 in Heilongjiang Province. We find that the corn producers largely acted in accordance with their own household resource endowments to make their choice decisions in response to the corn price shocks. Our results show that the decrease in corn prices led to a small decline in total corn acreage and a considerable increase in total acreage for soybeans and rice in 2016 and that the increase in total soybean acreage was more through area expansion rather than through substitution. Our results also show that crop structure for large‐scale producers was more responsive to corn price than for medium‐ and small‐scale producers. Given that continuous corn rotation prevails currently in Heilongjiang, our major finding suggests that the acreages planted to corn and soybeans cannot be easily adjusted by the market.
Modes of action of lysophospholipids as endogenous activators of the TRPV4 ion channel
Authors: Benítez‐Angeles Miguel , Romero Ana E. López , Llorente Itzel , Hernández‐Araiza Ileana , Vergara‐Jaque Ariela , Real Fernando H. , Gutiérrez Castañeda Óscar Eduardo , Arciniega Marcelino , Morales‐Buenrostro Luis E. , Torres‐Quiroz Francisco , García‐Villegas Refugio , Tovar‐y‐Romo Luis B. , Liedtke Wolfgang B. , Islas León D. , Rosenbaum Tamara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel has been shown to function in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Despite abundant information on its importance in physiology, very few endogenous agonists for this channel have been described, and very few underlying mechanisms for its activation have been clarified. TRPV4 is expressed by several types of cells, such as vascular endothelial, and skin and lung epithelial cells, where it plays pivotal roles in their function. In the present study, we show that TRPV4 is activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in both endogenous and heterologous expression systems, pinpointing this molecule as one of the few known endogenous agonists for TRPV4. Importantly, LPA is a bioactive glycerophospholipid, relevant in several physiological conditions, including inflammation and vascular function, where TRPV4 has also been found to be essential. Here we also provide mechanistic details of the activation of TRPV4 by LPA and another glycerophospholipid, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and show that LPA directly interacts with both the N‐ and C‐terminal regions of TRPV4 to activate this channel. Moreover, we show that LPC activates TRPV4 by producing an open state with a different single‐channel conductance to that observed with LPA. Our data suggest that the activation of TRPV4 can be finely tuned in response to different endogenous lipids, highlighting this phenomenon as a regulator of cell and organismal physiology.imageKey pointsThe Transient Receptor Potential Vaniloid (TRPV) 4 ion channel is a widely distributed protein with important roles in normal and disease physiology for which few endogenous ligands are known.TRPV4 is activated by a bioactive lipid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) 18:1, in a dose‐dependent manner, in both a primary and a heterologous expression system.Activation of TRPV4 by LPA18:1 requires residues in the N‐ and C‐termini of the ion channel.Single‐channel recordings show that TRPV4 is activated with a decreased current amplitude (conductance) in the presence of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 18:1, while LPA18:1 and GSK101 activate the channel with a larger single‐channel amplitude.Distinct single‐channel amplitudes produced by LPA18:1 and LPC18:1 could differentially modulate the responses of the cells expressing TRPV4 under different physiological conditions.
Sand Consolidation Using Enforced Calcium and Magnesium Fluoride Precipitation
Authors: Hassan Amjed , Mahmoud Mohammed , Abu-Khamsin Sidqi , El-Husseiny Ammar , Al-Karnos Assem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sand production is a common problem that interrupts hydrocarbon production from unconsolidated formations. Different chemical and mechanical methods are used to prevent solid production either by consolidating the sand particles or installing downhole screens. This study presents a novel approach for sand consolidation using enforced calcium and magnesium precipitation. The used chemicals are ammonium hydrogen fluoride, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide solutions. In this work, different measurements were carried out to assess the performance of the new consolidation method. Also, the impact of soaking the consolidated sand in freshwater, toluene, and HCl was examined. The rock mineralogy was determined before and after each soaking treatment using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique was used to evaluate the pore system at different stages. In addition, scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique was used to examine the morphology and chemistry changes after each chemical treatment. Finally, the rock strength was measured before and after the treatment using a scratch test. Results indicate that the proposed chemical method can significantly improve the sand consolidation and increase the rock strength to 34 MPa (4931 psi). Soaking the consolidated sand sample in water and toluene showed minor alterations in the rock properties. However, using HCl lead to increasing rock permeability due to mineral dissolution. The strength measurements showed that the consolidated sand can withstand the water and toluene treatment, and the rock strength was reduced by less than 10%. Overall, a new chemical treatment is presented to improve the sand consolidated utilizing enforced calcium and magnesium precipitation. The consolidated sand sample showed very reasonable rock strength which can prevent sand migration.
Injuries among children attributed to violence and social funding: a 10-year observational study
Authors: Morris Louise , Naumann David N , Reilly John-Joe , Kitchen Samuel , Blackburn Lauren , Bishop Jonathan , Brooks Adam 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMechanisms and patterns of injury in children are changing, with violent mechanisms becoming more prevalent over time. Government funding of services for children and young people has reduced nationally over the last decade. We aimed to investigate the trends in admissions of injured children to a Major Trauma Centre (MTC) and examine the relationship between injuries sustained by violent mechanisms and local authority funding of children and youth services within the same catchment area.MethodsA 10-year observational study included all patients aged<18 years treated at a regional MTC between April 2012 and April 2022. Number of admissions with violent trauma, mechanism of injury, requirement for operative intervention and mortality were compared with published annual local authority expenditure reports.Results1126 children were included; 71.3% were boys, with median age 11 years (IQR 3–16). There were 154/1126 (14%) children who were victims of violent trauma; they were more likely to be boys than children injured by non-violent mechanisms (84% vs 69%). The proportion of injuries attributed to violence increased over the study period at the same time as reductions in local authority funding of services for the early years, families and youth services. However, there were insufficient data to formally assess the interdependency between these factors.ConclusionsThe proportion of injuries attributed to violence has increased over time, and government spending on specific children and young people’s services has decreased over the same time period. Further work is needed to examine the interdependency between spending and violent injuries in children, and public health interventions to target violence-related injuries should take into account youth service funding.
Impact of policy alterations on elective percutaneous coronary interventions in Japan
Authors: Morishita Tetsuji , Takada Daisuke , Shin Jung-ho , Kunisawa Susumu , Fushimi Kiyohide , Imanaka Yuichi 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEstablishing appropriate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in stable angina pectoris (SAP) has become a distinctive performance measure worldwide. Clinical guidelines call for documenting ischaemia in patients with SAP prior to elective PCI. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare introduced a new reimbursement policy in April 2018 to promote the appropriate and judicious implementation of PCI. The 2018 reimbursement changes clarified the required proof of ischaemia. Tests to evaluate functional ischaemia and coronary stenosis have been added as a requirement for reimbursement. We examined whether this reimbursement revision had an impact on PCI procedures for SAP in Japan.MethodsWe used administrative claims data in Japan’s Diagnosis Procedure Combination database from April 2014 through March 2020. We used interrupted time series analyses with a control to ascertain the impacts on elective PCI procedures before and after the Japanese reimbursement revision. The primary outcome was the change in elective PCI procedures per month. Emergent PCI procedures served as a control group.ResultsA total of 773 240 PCI procedures were identified between April 2014 and March 2020: 388 817 and 180 462 elective PCIs before and after the reimbursement revision, respectively. After the 2018 reimbursement revision, significant trend changes were found in elective PCI procedures per month (−106.3, 95% CI −155.8 to −56.8, p<0.01), while the number of emergent PCIs remained stable throughout the study period.ConclusionsAfter revising the reimbursement tariff for elective PCIs in 2018, there was a significant reduction in elective PCI procedures per month.
Decoherence and Landauer’s principle in qubit-cavity quantum-field-theory interaction
Authors: Xu Hao , Chen Si Yu , Ong Yen Chin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe consider quantum decoherence and Landauer’s principle in qubit-cavity quantum field theory (QFT) interaction, treating the qubit as the system and cavity QFT as the environment. In particular, we investigate the changes that occur in the system with a pure initial state and environment during the decoherence process, with or without energy dissipation, and compare the results with the case in which the initial state of the system is a mixed state and thus decoherence is absent. When we choose an interaction Hamiltonian such that the energy and coherence of the system change simultaneously, the population change of the system and the energy change are the same when the initial state is mixed. However, the decoherence terms increase the von Neumann entropy of the system. In this case the energy change and decoherence of the system are not independent physical processes. The decoherence process maintains unitarity. On the other hand, if the interaction Hamiltonian does not change the energy of the system, there is only the decoherence effect. The environment will be a distribution in the basis of the displaced number state and always increases the energy. Landauer’s principle is satisfied in both cases.
Necromantes e profecias: o gótico em Herculano e Schiller
Authors: Pereira Leonardo Atayde 
Published: January 2023

Alexandre Herculano (1810 – 1877), através de sua produção literária e historiográfica, ajudou a popularizar as ideias do Romantismo em Portugal e contribuiu para a entrada de novos valores estéticos e de uma particular visão de mundo no oitocentismo português. Seu interesse pela Idade Média e pelo tipo de produção literária do final do século XVIII fez com que ele dialogasse com autores do chamadoPré-Romantismo europeu. No caso específico de Friedrich Schiller (1759 – 1805), o seu romance Der Geisterseher, O Aparicionista, de 1787-89, foi alvo de destacado interesse por parte de Herculano, como podemos averiguar por meio de uma análise comparativa mais rigorosa entre alguns de seus escritos, como O Alcaide de Santarém, com a paradigmática obra do autor alemão. Com base nessa proposta analítica, podemos notar nos escritosdestacados de ambos os autores um pulsante imaginário gótico, repleto de uma atmosferadominada por necromantes, profecias e o sobrenatural, elementos presentes não só na posterior produção literária romântica alemã e portuguesa, mas também determinante para a formação de uma nova relação com a realidade e com os estudos históricos.
As Fiandeiras da Memória: a cidade de Fortaleza arquivada em fotografias e oralidades
Authors: Silva Cristina Maria da 
Published: January 2023

Acompanhamos as mulheres do Poço da Draga, em Fortaleza-CE, e percebemos que tanto o território como suas trajetórias se entrelaçam, contando as narrativas da própria cidade. Tomamos esse território a partir das fotografias que essas mulheres guardam em casa e suas narrativas sobre elas. Partindo das ideias de Assmann, Gagnebin, Certeau e Didi-Huberman, buscamos refletir sobre como, a partir de fotografias, podemos desvelar as biografias individuais, mas também a biografia de uma cidade. As mulheres são guardiãs, cuidam da vida como se segurassem um tear, tecem as histórias que herdaram e cultivam, mesmo na aridez do cotidiano, seus baús invisíveis. Como árvores fincadas ao solo, seus pés se enraízam, fixam os alicerces de suas casas, de suas famílias e tomam posse cotidianamente da terra e das histórias que experimentam e das que evocam em suas memórias. Os álbuns fotográficos também arquivam e evocam os seus territórios invisíveis: a vida construída no interior de suas casas, na mesa de suas cozinhas, no fundo dos quintais e na passagem do tempo em suas calçadas. Esses pedaços de papel, tecidos na luz, se revelam a cada imagem como extensões de seus corpos, nos quais elas arquivam suas biografias e as biografias da cidade.
Polluting the Political Discourse
Authors: Cianci Licia , Zecca Davide 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Modern deliberative democracies are built to ensure pluralism in the political discourse so that citizens are able to express informed preferences when taking part in public policymaking by electing their representatives. The fairness of political processes is threatened in the digital environment by the resort to micro-targeting techniques and the spread of disinformation campaigns, which may poison the authenticity of public debate and influence the orientation of public opinion on policy issues. Assessing the role of digital intermediaries in these dynamics is therefore critical for European countries and EU institutions in order to ensure the survival of the paradigm of pluralistic democracy. The trade-offs between State regulation of freedom of expression online, platforms’ accountability and self-regulation make it compelling to analyse whether EU policy choices are adequate to confront phenomena undermining democratic processes.
Minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty combined with thermal contraction to treat epiblepharon in chinese children
Authors: Hu Shoulong , Li Jingyi , Lu Yuebing , Zhao Shengnan , Shao Yi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty and thermal contraction for epiblepharon repair in Chinese children.

Methods
Between January 2017 and August 2020, a single surgeon corrected epiblepharon in Chinese children using minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty combined with thermal contraction. First, a minimal epicanthoplasty flap to balance the lower eyelid was made cross the lower eyelid epicanthus, which connected with a 20-mm-long incision 1.5 mm below the lower eyelid margin. After removing the hypertrophic orbicularis oculi muscle running between the lower epicanthal fold and the medial canthal tendon, thermal cauterization was applied to increase lower eyelid rotation by creating adhesions between the lower eyelid retractor and tarsus. The residual medial edge was sutured to the corner of the epicanthus to decrease the lower eyelid epicanthus. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 to 24 months. We retrospectively analyzed cases to determine whether this approach decreased the lower eyelid epicanthal fold to equalize the tension of the lower eyelid. The surgical outcomes including the direction of lower eyelid eyelashes, complications, and refractive errors were evaluated.

Results
Data from each eye of 53 Chinese children (29 female, 24 males; mean age: 5.3 ± 2.3 years) who had undergone minimal lower eyelid epicanthoplasty combined with thermal contraction were included. During follow-up, recurrence was observed in just one of the 106 eyes (0.94%), and two eyes (1.89%) showed under-correction. No visible scars formed in the postoperative period. All patients’ parents were satisfied with the cosmetic results and had no serious complaints. The mean astigmatism was significantly reduced by the surgery from 1.82 ± 0.45 diopters (D) preoperatively to 1.43 ± 0.36 D postoperatively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
This surgery is easy to design, time-efficient, and is effective in the correction of epiblepharon. The procedure allows surgeons to achieve good appearance and natural eyelid contour without apparent complications.