bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict Malignant Cerebral Edema after Acute Anterior Circulating Large Hemisphere Infarction
Authors: Cao Liping , Ma Xiaoming , Xu Geman , Wang Yumei , Huang Wendie , Liu Meng , Sheng Shiying , Yuan Jie , Wang Jing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) is a serious complication and the main cause of poor prognosis in large hemisphere infarction (LHI). Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of potential patients with MCE is essential for providing timely therapy. However, most prediction models lack interpretability, limiting their use in clinical practice.To establish an interpretable model to predict MCE in patients with LHI. We utilize the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to explain the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model and identify prognostic factors, providing valuable data for clinical decision-making.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we included 314 consecutive patients with LHI admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from December 2018 to April 2023. The patients were divided into MCE and non-MCE groups, and we developed an explainable artificial intelligence prediction model. The dataset was randomly divided into two parts: 75% of the data were used for model training and 25% were used for model validation. Confusion matrix was utilized to measure the prediction performance of the XGBoost model. The SHAP method was used to explain the XGBoost model. Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate the net benefit of the model.
Results: A 38.5% (121/314) incidence of MCE was observed among the 314 patients with LHI. The XGBoost model showed excellent predictive performance, with an area under the curve of 0.916 in validation. The SHAP method revealed the top 10 predictive variables of MCE based on their importance ranking, while the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) score was considered the most important predictive variable, followed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Collateral Status (CS) score, APACHE II score, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), atrial fibrillation (AF), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet (PLT) count, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Age. We found that ASPECTS score < 6, NIHSS score >17, CS score < 2, APACHE II >14, HbA1c >6.3 and AF were associated with increased risks of malignant cerebral edema.
Conclusion: An interpretable predictive model can increase transparency and help doctors to accurately predict the occurrence of MCE in patients with LHI, providing patients with better treatment strategies and enabling optimal resource allocation.
Study on the effects of several amendments on the antioxidant defense system of Chinese cabbage in heavy metal contaminated soil
Authors: Zhao Changchun , Zhao Shuai , long li , Feng shiqing , Zhang lili , Liu Ke 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of applying straw biochar, attapulgite, phosphate rock powder, diatomite, humic acid and other passivation materials on the physical and chemical properties of heavy metal contaminated soil and the antioxidant enzyme activity of Chinese cabbage were studied.The results showed:Soil pH increased by 0.26–1.15 units, and organic matter (OM) content increased by 1.23% -48.77%. The application of passivation agent effectively reduced the available content of heavy metals in soil, and the activities of catalase, acid phosphatase, urease and sucrase in soil were improved to varying degrees, especially in T4(biochar1.5% + humic acid1.5%) treatment; Compared with CK, the contents of heavy metals in the aboveground and underground parts of Chinese cabbage were significantly decreased ( p < 0.05 ), while the transport coefficients of Chinese cabbage under each treatment were different. Under different treatments, the activities of catalase(CAT), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase ( POD ) in the leaves of Chinese cabbage were significantly increased, the contents of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and non-protein thiol(NPT) were significantly lower than those in the control, and the activity of glutathione reductase(GR) was significantly decreased, especially in T4 ( biochar1.5% + humic acid1.5% ) treatment; Under each treatment, soil pH and OM were significantly negatively correlated with soil heavy metal content ( p < 0.05 ), positively correlated with soil enzyme activity, significantly positively correlated with CAT, SOD and POD of Chinese cabbage ( p < 0.05 ), and negatively correlated with MDA, GR and NPT content of Chinese cabbage.In summary, the combination of several passivation agents can effectively improve soil heavy metal pollution and reduce the effective state of soil heavy metals, thereby reducing the toxicity of heavy metals to Chinese cabbage.
pH and redox dual response nano suppository for the treatment of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Wu Yijun , Song Jinfeng , Wang Xiaochen , Li Longxia , Chang Jie , Ma yunfeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to improve treatment compliance and provide sustained and slow drug release in the colon, we developed a hollow mesoporous silica nano-suppository based on pH and redox dual response. Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing disulfide bonds (HMSN-SS) were prepared and 5-ASA was loaded into the pores of HMSN-SS. Then, polydopamine (PDA) and chitosan (CS) were modified on the surface of HMSN-SS, and the suppository was prepared by mould, named 5-ASA@HMSN-SS-PDA-CS (5-ASA@HSPC). 5-ASA@HSPC acts directly on the lesion by rectal administration, CS helped the nanoparticles adhere to the surface of the colon, PDA dissociated from the surface of HMSN-SS by protonation in the acidic environment of the ulcerative colon, S-S was destroyed by the reducing environment of the colon, resulting in a stable and slow release of encapsulated 5-ASA from the pores of HMSN. In vitro release experiments and in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic experiments have shown that 5-ASA@HSPC is able to act slowly and steadily at the colonic site, while having an excellent safety profile, showing great potential in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Comparison of two different frailty metrics and associations with COVID-19: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Han Lijian , chen Fei , Liu Jianping , Ma Tengfei , Shi Haicun , Xu Yun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground Several traditional observational studies suggested a strong association between frailty with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, whether the observed association reflects causality remained unclear. We employed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the causal relationship of frailty, measured by the Frailty Index and Fried Frailty Score, with COVID-19. Methods We extracted summary genome-wide association statistics for the Frailty Index (N = 164,610), Fried Frailty Score (N = 386,565), COVID-19 (Ncase = 159,840, Ncontrol = 2,782,977), hospitalized COVID-19 (Ncase = 44,986, Ncontrol = 2,356,386) and severe COVID-19 (Ncase = 18,152, Ncontrol = 1,145,546). Independent single nucleotide polymorphisms at genome-wide significance for each phenotype were taken as instruments. The random-effects inverse‐variance weighted method was applied as the primary method, followed by various sensitivity and validation analyses. Results No causal effect of Frailty Index between COVID-19 was observed. Genetically predicted Fried Frailty Score was significantly associated with increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45–2.91, P < 0.0001), and suggestively associated with higher risk of COVID-19 susceptibility (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.01–1.39; P = 0.035) and COVID-19 severity (OR = 2.10, 95% CI 1.10–4.01; P = 0.025). Sensitivity and validation analyses also received broadly concordant results. There is no insignificant association for reverse causation. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that Fried Frailty Score could increase the risk of COVID-19. Future development should focus on long-term mutual influence between frailty and COVID-19 to alleviate the complications of diseases.
Spatial arrangement of the environmental suitability for the maned wolf in a central province of Argentina
Authors: Ulibarrie Andrés , Orozco Marcela , Pautasso Andrés , Cristaldi Maximiliano Ariel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Climate and environmental features play a crucial role in shaping species' spatial distribution patterns, making this knowledge essential for defining conservation strategies, particularly those involving rescues and relocation of individuals. The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), the largest canid in South America, it is currently categorized as “Vulnerable” in Argentina. Our aim was to determine the spatial arrangement of the environmental suitability for the maned wolf in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. Our database consisted of species occurrence recorded from 1996 to 2019. We employed Maxent to identify association patterns between the spatial distribution of maned wolf’s occurrences in Santa Fe and climate variables (temperature and precipitation), landscape features and anthropic variables. The results revealed a positive relationship between environmental suitability and temperature, as well as precipitation during the wettest month. Areas with low or medium proportions of grassland, forests, temporarily flooded soils and proximity to permanent water bodies displayed higher environmental suitability scores. In contrast, areas characterized by crops exhibited lower environmental suitability scores compared to those where other environmental features prevailed predominated. The anthropic variables also had an association with environmental suitability for the species. This study highlights the importance of climate and habitat heterogeneity to characterize the environmental suitability, for the maned wolf in the Santa Fe province and its conservation implications.
Driving impact and spatial effect of the digital economy development on carbon emissions in typical cities: A case study of Zhejiang, China
Authors: Jiang Bin , Ding Lei , Fang Xuejuan , Zhang Qiong , Hua Yidi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The digital economy (DE) not only drives economic innovation and development but also has significant environmental effects by promoting lower carbon emissions. To investigate the spatial effects of DE on urban carbon emissions, this study comprehensively measures the level of DE development based on panel data from 11 typical cities in Zhejiang Province from 2011 to 2020, by comparing analysis using different regression models. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) The total carbon emissions (TC) of Zhejiang cities in general show a fluctuating change trend of first increasing and then slowly decreasing, while carbon emissions intensity and carbon emissions per capitain general show a fluctuating change trend of decreasing. Cities with high TC are primarily concentrated in the Hangzhou Bay city cluster, including Ningbo, Hangzhou and Jiaxing. The development of the DE in Zhejiang cities shows steady growth, but there are large differences among cities, with Hangzhou and Ningbo standing out as particularly prominent. (2) There is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between the DE and the level of carbon emissions in Zhejiang Province. Thus, the DE increases carbon emissions in the early stages of development and has a dampening effect on carbon emissions in the mature stages of development. (3) Compared to the direct effect, the spatial spillover effect of the DE on carbon emissions is not significant. However, the allocation of transport resourcesshows a positive spatial spillover effect (increasing carbon emissions), technological progress shows a somewhat negative spatial spillover effect (decreasing carbon emissions). (4) Smart city pilot policy significantly reduces urban carbon emissions, and the effect of the DE on carbon emissions is found to pass the significance test the quadratic term when replacing the geographical and economic distance weight matrices, indicating that the empirical findings are robust to these tests. Finally, several carbon emission reduction countermeasures are proposed from the perspective of DE development.
Molecular characterization of a novel beny-like virus isolated from binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A strain A46
Authors: Shi Rui , Chen Zebin , Mo Xiaohan , Chen Wurong , Yu Shuhui , Liu He , Li Yuchuan , Dai Lili , Li Yanqiong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, the complete genome of a positive sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus designated binucleate Rhizoctonia beny-like virus 1 (BRBLV1) was determined. This virus was isolated from binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A strain A46, and was found to exhibit genomic organization similar to that of Rhizoctonia solani beny-like virus 1 (RsBLV1). The 10,280 nt genome of BRBLV1 was found to contain a poly(A) tail and one open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide 376.30 kDa in size that includes N-terminal helicase, C-terminal helicase, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains. This ORF exhibited the greatest sequence identity to RsBLV1 (44.61%), with a sequence coverage of 59%. Phylogenetic analyses additionally confirmed that BRBLV1 and RsBLV1 clustered together in a clade that was separate from clades containing benyviruses, alphaendornaviruses, and other beny-like viruses. The length of the BRBLV1 and RsBLV1 genomes was also greater than that for any other known beny-like viruses characterized to date. This suggests that BRBLV1 represents a novel mycovirus, and that BRBLV1 and RsBLV1 should be classified in a new mycoviral taxon closely related to the Benyviridae family.
Distinct pulmonary and systemic effects of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19
Authors: Fragiadakis Gabriela , Neyton Lucile , Patel Ravi , Sarma Aartik , Consortium UCSF COMET , Willmore Andrew , Haller Sidney Carrillo , Kangelaris Kristen , Eckalbar Walter , Erle David , Krummel Matthew , Hendrickson Carolyn , Woodruff Prescott , Langelier Charles , Calfee Carolyn 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Dexamethasone is the standard of care for critically ill patients with COVID-19, but the mechanisms by which it decreases mortality and its immunological effects in this setting are not understood. We performed bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing of the lower respiratory tract and blood, and plasma cytokine profiling to study the effect of dexamethasone on systemic and pulmonary immune cells. We find decreased signatures of antigen presentation, T cell recruitment, and viral injury in patients treated with dexamethasone. We identify compartment- and cell- specific differences in the effect of dexamethasone in patients with severe COVID-19 that are reproducible in publicly available datasets. Our results highlight the importance of studying compartmentalized inflammation in critically ill patients.
Research on measurement and efficiency evaluation of high-quality economic development in Beijing
Authors: Yin Jieting , Yuan Junfeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper constructs the evaluation index system of Beijing's high-quality economic development from six dimensions and using entropy weight TOPSIS and data envelopment analysis model with unexpected output to estimates the high-quality economic development level and static efficiency of Beijing from 2000 to 2019. The main conclusions are as follows. From the perspective of comprehensive measurement level, the high-quality economic development level is constantly improving, but there is still a certain gap from the optimal value. From the measurement level of the secondary index system, the coordinated development level remains at 0.17, the open development level shows a slight decline, while the economic development level, innovation development level, green development level and sharing development level have an obvious upward trend. From the static efficiency of high-quality development, the overall efficiency of 2000-2019 will increase later, and the scale efficiency has little difference, which is basically close to the scale efficiency.
Adult vasovagal syncope with abdominal pain during presyncope diagnosed by head-up tilt combined with transcranial doppler: a preliminary study
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Li Hua , Huang Xuming , Hu Huoyou , Lian Baorong , Zhang Daxue , Wu Jiarui , Cao Liming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Syncope is a common condition that increases the risk of injury and reduces the quality of life; atypical syncope is prone to misdiagnosis. Abdominal pain as a precursor to vasovagal syncope (VVS) in adults is rarely reported and unfamiliar to clinicians. ​
Methods
We present three adult patients with VVS and presyncopal abdominal pain diagnosed by synchronous multimodal detection (transcranial doppler (TCD) with head-up tilt (HUT)) and discuss the relevant literature.
Results
Case 1: A 52-year-old man presented with recurrent decreased consciousness preceded by six months of abdominal pain. Physical examinations were unremarkable. Dynamic electrocardiography, echocardiography, head and neck computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and video electroencephalogram showed no abnormalities.
Case 2: A 57-year-old woman presented with recurrent syncope for 30+ years, accompanied by abdominal pain. Physical examination, electroencephalography, and MRI showed no abnormalities. Echocardiography showed large right-to-left shunts.
Case 3: A 30-year-old woman presented with recurrent syncope for 10+ years, with
abdominal pain as a precursor. Physical examination, laboratory analysis, head computed tomography, electrocardiography, and echocardiography showed no abnormalities. Syncope secondary to abdominal pain was reproduced during HUT. Further, HUTrevealed vasovagal syncope, and synchronous TCD showed decreased cerebral blood flow; the final diagnosis was VVS in all cases.
Conclusions
Abdominal pain may be a precursor of VVS in adults, and our findings enrich the clinical phenotypic spectrum of VVS. Prompt recognition of syncopal precursors is important to prevent incidents and assist in treatment decision-making. Abdominal pain in VVS may be a sign of sympathetic overdrive. Synchronous multimodal detection can help in diagnosing VVS and understanding hemodynamic mechanisms.
Impact of the Gulf Stream front on atmospheric rivers and Rossby wave train in the North Atlantic
Authors: Ma Xiaohui , Jia Yinglai , Han Ziqing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Gulf Stream (GS) ocean front exhibits intense ocean-atmosphere interaction in winter, which has a significant impact on the genesis and development of extratropical cyclones in the North Atlantic. The atmospheric rivers (ARs), closely related with the cyclones, transport substantial moisture from the North Atlantic towards the Western European coast. While the influence of the GS front on extratropical cyclones has been extensively studied, its effect on ARs remains unclear. In this study, two sets of ensemble experiments are conducted using a high-resolution global Community Atmosphere Model forced with or without the GS sea surface temperature (SST) front. Our findings reveal that the inclusion of the strong GS front leads to approximately 25% enhancement of water vapor transport and precipitation associated with ARs in the GS region and a more pronounced downstream response in Western Europe, characterized by up to 60% (40%) precipitation increases (reductions) around Spain (Norway).
The influence of the GS front on ARs is mediated by both thermodynamic and dynamic factors. The thermodynamic aspect involves an overall increase of water vapor in both the GS region and Western Europe, promoting AR genesis. The dynamic aspect encompasses changes in storm tracks and Rossby wave train, contributing to downstream AR shift. Importantly, we find the co-occurrence of ARs and the GS front is crucial for inducing deep ascending motion and heating above the GS front, which perturbs the deep troposphere and triggers upper-level Rossby wave response. These findings provide a further understanding of the complex interaction between the oceanic front in the western boundary current regions and extratropical weather systems and the associated dynamics behind them.
Three-dimensional single-particle tracking by interferometric scattering microscopy with a double-helix point spread function
Authors: Zhang Douguo , Huang Mingchuan , chen Qiankun , Liu Yang , Zhang Chi , Zhang Rongjing , Yuan Junhua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Single-particle tracking (SPT) is an immensely valuable technique to study a variety of processes in the life sciences and condensed matter physics. Interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy is a sensitive SPT technique that can track individual unlabeled particles with high spatial and temporal resolution. A difficulty in iSCAT is the low imaging contrast of its original image, and complicated imaging postprocessing method is necessary for deriving axial-location of the particle. Here, a planar photonic chip enhanced spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion was introduced to the iSCAT microscopy, resulting in an axial-localization dependent double-helix point-spread-function (PSF) and high imaging contrast. This provides a new mechanism for 3D SPT over an extended axial-range in a label-free manner without use of complicated image postprocessing and optical components. The iSCAT microscopy was used to record the 3D trajectory of microbead labeled to the flagellum, facilitating precise analysis of the fluctuation in the motor dynamics. The enhanced iSCAT technique holds great promise for future applications in biological science.
Brain metabolism response to intrahospital transfers in neurocritical ill patients: Does the microdialysis probe location matter?
Authors: Pedrosa Leire , Hoyos John , Reyes Luis , Mosteiro Alejandra , Zattera Luigi , Topczewski Thomaz , Rodríguez-Hernández Ana , Amaro Sergio , Torné Ramon , Enseñat Joaquim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Intrahospital transfer (IHT), a routine in the management of neurocritical patients requiring imaging or interventions, might affect brain metabolism. Studies about IHT effects using microdialysis (MD) have produced conflicting results. In these studies, only the most damaged hemisphere was monitored, and those may not reflect the impact of IHT on overall brain metabolism, nor do they address differences between the hemispheres. Herein we aimed to quantify the effect of IHT on brain metabolism by monitoring both hemispheres with bilateral MD. In this study, 31 patients were included, with a total of 73 IHT. Glucose, glycerol, pyruvate and lactate were measured by MD in both hemispheres for 10 hours pre- and post-IHT. Alterations in metabolite levels after IHT were observed on both hemispheres; although these changes were more marked in hemisphere A (most damaged) than B (less damaged). Changes in metabolite levels in hemisphere B were more evident in cerebrovascular than in traumatic brain injury patients. Our results suggest that, brain metabolism is altered after an IHT of neurocritical ill patients, particularly but not limited to the damaged hemisphere. Bilateral monitorization may be more sensitive than unilateral monitorization for detecting metabolic disturbances not directly related to the course of the disease.