bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Capacity and Long‐Life Manganese Vanadium Oxide Composite as a Cathode for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Narsimulu D. , Krishna B. N. Vamsi , Shanthappa R. , Bandi Hari , Yu Jae Su 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are widely attractive by virtue of its high safety and low cost. However, their development for widespread applications is limited due to unstable cathode materials. Herein, a manganese vanadium oxide (Mn2V2O7/V2O3) (MnVO) composite is fabricated and can be utilized as a superior intercalated cathode for AZIBs. The extraction of Zn2+ from the MnVO composite causes the phase transition during the initial charge cycle to form electrochemically reversible MnV10O26·10H2O. The phase transformation modifies morphology and the as‐formed MnV10O26·10H2O phase acts as a Zn2+ host for the subsequent cycles, leading to excellent electrochemical performances. As a result, the electrode delivers a superior reversible capacity of 204 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 over 1000 cycles and is also sustainable over a long‐life span of 3000 cycles even at 10 A g−1. Additionally, the Zn/MnVO battery exhibits a high energy density of 256.31 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 410 W kg−1. The exceptional reversible capacity even at different current densities over a long‐life span makes them a promising candidate for fabricating the safe and reliable AZIBs. Also, the Zn2+ storage mechanism in MnVO composite cathode for rechargeable AZIBs is demonstrated.
Investigation of Tungsten‐Based Seleno‐Chevrel Compounds with Different Compositions for Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Dag Tugce Sevinc , Surucu Gokhan , Gencer Aysenur , Surucu Ozge , Ozel Faruk , Ciftci Yasemin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the photocatalytic water splitting performance for Chevrel phases with the chemical formula MxMo6Ch8, where M is a metal and Ch is a chalcogen, with x being 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to study the Chevrel phases, which includes earth‐abundant elements for this specific study as an essential consideration for photocatalytic water splitting. The electronic properties are calculated for the NiW6Se8 and Ni2W6Se8 compounds with thermodynamical, mechanical, and dynamic stabilities. For photocatalytic water splitting, the band gaps below 1.23 eV are excluded, and the conduction and valence band levels are determined to examine the reduction and oxidation potentials for efficient photocatalytic water‐splitting materials. An examination of the selected band gaps, along with the conduction and valence band levels, reveals that NiW6Se8 is suitable for both reduction and oxidation reactions; whereas, Ni2W6Se8 is a convenient material only for the reduction reaction. This is the first attempt, as far as the literature reveals, to study Chevrel phases in detail and to identify a suitable compound for photocatalytic water splitting.
Rye planting date impacts biomass production more than seeding rate and nitrogen fertilizer
Authors: Balkcom Kipling S. , Read Quentin D. , Gamble Audrey V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractManagement is critical to maximize cover crop benefits, while minimizing costs. However, cover crop performance and cost can vary without consistent management strategies. Therefore, we investigated how four planting dates (late October, early November, late November, and early December), two seeding rates (67 and 101 kg ha−1), and four N rates (0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha−1) affected rye (Secale cereale L., ‘Wrens Abruzzi’) biomass production, N uptake, C:N ratio, $ per 100 kg biomass, cash crop yields, and soil organic C (SOC) in a peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)/cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) rotation over six growing seasons (2015–2020) in Headland, Alabama, USA. Biomass production averaged 170% greater for late October planted rye compared to early December across all N rates. Nitrogen increased biomass production, but total biomass amounts decreased with later planting dates. Nitrogen uptake increased as N rate increased for each planting date. The C:N ratio was more sensitive to planting dates than N rates and decreased as planting was delayed. The $ per 100 kg of biomass was similar across all N rates for early planting dates (late October and early November). No yield effect was observed for peanut or cotton, but SOC increased in the 0–5 cm depth when 101 kg N ha−1 was applied to the rye cover crop. Results highlight the importance of planting date compared to seeding and N rates to enhance cover crop performance and return on investment (ROI) for growers in the southeastern United States.
Parameter estimation and estimability analysis in pharmaceutical models with uncertain inputs
Authors: Moshiritabrizi Iman , Abdi Kaveh , McMullen Jonathan P. , Wyvratt Brian M. , McAuley Kimberley B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA methodology is proposed to aid parameter estimation in fundamental models of pharmaceutical processes. This methodology addresses situations with insufficient data to reliably estimate all parameters, when the estimation is complicated by uncertain independent variables. The proposed method uses an augmented sensitivity matrix to rank the combined set of parameters and uncertain inputs from most estimable to least estimable. An updated mean‐squared‐error criterion is then used to determine the appropriate parameters and inputs that should be estimated, based on the ranked list. A model for one step in a batch pharmaceutical production process with an uncertain initial reactant concentration is used to illustrate the method, revealing that the initial reactant concentration in each batch should be estimated along with three out of six model parameters. Non‐estimable parameters are fixed at their initial values to prevent overfitting. The method will aid error‐in‐variables parameter estimation in many situations involving limited data.
Developments in understanding early onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Griffin Percy , Apostolova Liana , Dickerson Bradford C. , Rabinovici Gil , Salloway Stephen , Brandt Katie , Masdeu Joseph , Hammers Dustin , Raghuram Srilatha , Hall Stephen , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOn September 25 and 26, 2021, the Alzheimer's Association hosted the first meeting focused on people with early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD)—sometimes referred to as younger onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Though a diagnosis of AD can be devastating at any age, those with a younger onset—defined as symptoms developing prior to 65 years of age—face unique challenges. EOAD occurs when people are in the prime of their lives, often with multiple responsibilities including careers, community activities, and raising children and caring for older family members. These challenges warrant special consideration and study, yet people with EOAD are often excluded from AD research because of their atypical age of onset. To help fill this gap, we designed and launched the Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) to enroll and follow 500 people with EOAD from > 15 sites in the United States, which the National Institute on Aging funded in 2018. The September 2021 meeting was designed to inform people with EOAD and their family members and caregivers about the latest research on the biology of EOAD, treatments in the pipeline, practical considerations about legal and financial arrangements for families, and the support networks available to them. More than 217 registrants attended.
Kompartimentäre Polyampholyt‐Mikrogele mittels entropisch bedingter Ausflockung und Koazervation von Nanogelen in Emulsionströpfchen
Authors: Mathews Hannah F. , Pieper Maria I. , Jung Se‐Hyeong , Pich Andrij 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDie Verteilung von Ladungen innerhalb pH‐responsiver Wirkstoffträger beeinflusst nachweislich die Effizienz der Freisetzung, ist aber schwer zu kontrollieren und zu verifizieren. Wir stellen nun polyampholytische Nanogel‐in‐Mikrogel Kolloide (NiM−C) vor und zeigen, dass die Anordnung der Nanogele (NG) abhängig von den Synthesebedingungen ist. Dazu wurden pH‐responsive Polyelektrolyt‐NG durch Fällungspolymerisation synthetisiert und mit Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen markiert. Die NG wurden dann durch inverse Emulsionspolymerisation mittels tropfenbasierter Mikrofluidik in Mikrogel‐Netzwerke (MG) integriert. Mit konfokaler Laser‐Scanning‐Mikroskopie (CLSM) wurde nachgewiesen, dass, je nach NG‐Konzentration, pH‐Wert und Ionenstärke, NiM−C mit unterschiedlichen NG‐Anordnungen, wie Janus‐artiger Phasentrennung, statistischer Verteilung und Kern‐Schale‐Architektur, erhalten werden. Unser Ansatz ist ein Meilenstein auf dem Weg zum simultanen Transport entgegengesetzt geladener Moleküle.
Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Directed Migratory Allylation of Remote Dienes
Authors: Chen Xian‐Xiao , Luo Hao , Chen Ye‐Wei , Liu Yang , He Zhi‐Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChain walking has been an efficient route to realize the functionalization of inert C(sp3)−H bonds, but this strategy is limited to mono‐olefin migration and functionalization. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of tandem directed simultaneous migrations of remote olefins and stereoselective allylation for the first time. The adoption of palladium hydride catalysis and secondary amine morpholine as solvent is critical for achieving high substrate compatibility and stereochemical control with this method. The protocol is also applicable to the functionalization of three vicinal C(sp3)−H bonds and thus construct three continuous stereocenters along a propylidene moiety via a short synthetic process. Preliminary mechanistic experiments corroborated the design of simultaneous walking of remote dienes.
2D MOF‐assisted Pyrolysis‐displacement‐alloying Synthesis of High‐entropy Alloy Nanoparticles Library for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Oxidation
Authors: Qiu Ziming , Li Yong , Gao Yidan , Meng Zhenyang , Sun Yangyang , Bai Yang , Suen Nian‐Tzu , Chen Hsiao‐Chien , Pi Yecan , Pang Huan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultimetallic alloy nanoparticles (NPs) have received considerable attention in various applications due to their compositional variability and exceptional properties. However, the complexity of both the general synthesis and structure–activity relationships remain the long‐standing challenges in this field. Herein, we report a versatile 2D MOF‐assisted pyrolysis‐displacement‐alloying route to successfully synthesize a series of binary, ternary and even high‐entropy NPs that are uniformly dispersed on porous nitrogen‐doped carbon nanosheets (PNC NSs). As a proof of utility, the obtained Co0.2Ru0.7Pt0.1/PNC NSs exhibits apparent hydrogen oxidation activity and durability with a record‐high mass specific kinetic current of 1.84 A mg−1 at the overpotential of 50 mV, which is approximately 11.5 times higher than that of the Pt benchmark. Both experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the addition of Pt engenders a phase transition in CoRu alloys from hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) to face‐centered cubic (fcc) structure. The elevated reactivity of the resulted ternary alloy can be attributed to the optimized adsorption of hydrogen intermediate and the decreased reaction barrier for water formation. This study opens a new avenue for the development of highly efficient alloy NPs with various compositions and functions.
Facile synthesis of cassava starch‐based bioplastics modified by citric acid‐epoxidized soybean oil oligomers
Authors: Yang Jianlei , Xu Shicai , Ching Yern Chee , Wang Rui , Al‐Hada Naif Mohammed , Li Chunhui , Lv Dongjun , Zhang Zilong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present work aimed to explore the effect of citric acid (CA) on the structures and properties of cassava starch/epoxidized soybean oils‐based bioplastics. First, citric acid‐epoxidized soybean oil oligomers (CESO) were fabricated by the reaction of epoxidized soybean oils (ESO) and CA with different molar ratios (nCA:nepoxy = 3 ~ 12). CESO were successfully synthesized as evidenced by the FTIR and GPC data. Second, the synthesized CESO were applied to fabricate the bioplastics with starch by solution casting. The prepared bioplastics were evaluated by structural, thermal, mechanical, optical, and water resistance properties. The FTIR spectra reflected that CESO showed an esterification reaction with starch. The FESEM images revealed that CESO exhibited better dispersity in the samples than ESO. The samples containing CESO got plasticized with a remarkable increase of elongation at break (3.41–6.14 times) and a decrease of the tensile strength (1.35–2.07 times) compared to that with ESO. CESO promoted significantly higher light transmittance of the bioplastics than ESO due to their better dispersibility in the bioplastics. The hydrophobicity of the bioplastics increased upon the addition of CESO. These results made the fabricated bioplastics potential substitutes for petroleum‐based plastics for industrial applications.
Surface modification of a PVDF membrane by co‐grafting hydroxyl and zwitterionic polymers to enhance wettability and antifouling property
Authors: Lee Jin Yeon , Cho Young Hoon , Nam Seung‐Eun , Kim In‐Chul , Park Ho Bum , Park You‐In , Bae Sun Ho , Yoo Youngmin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have been widely applied in the separation of various organic matters owing to their excellent properties. However, they possess low wettability and undergo fouling because of the hydrophobic nature of PVDF. In this study, poly (2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and poly (sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) were co‐introduced to modify the highly hydrophobic PVDF membrane surface via UV photo‐irradiation. Facile UV photo‐grafting was performed by irradiating the pristine PVDF membrane immersed in a PHEMA/PSBMA mixture solution with UV light for 5 min. The performance of the as‐prepared PHEMA/PSBMA‐grafted membrane was compared with that of membranes modified with solely PHEMA or PSBMA. The hydroxyl and zwitterionic groups of the grafted membranes enhanced wettability and increased flux. A tightly bound water layer was formed because of the enhanced wettability, significantly suppressing protein adsorption. The initial flux of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution through the PHEMA/PSBMA‐grafted membrane was 2861 LMH, which was 3.1 times higher than that obtained by the pristine PVDF membrane. Furthermore, the flux decline of the modified membrane caused by BSA fouling was 49% lower than that of the pristine PVDF membrane. Finally, the PHEMA/PSBMA‐grafted PVDF membrane showed antifouling properties after three BSA filtration cycles.
Ultrasensitive miRNA Detection by AuNP‐based 3D DNA Walker and Catalytic Hairpin Assembly (CHA) Cascade Amplification for Early Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Li Junyou , Li Hung‐Wing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBy combining exquisitely designed hairpins with the catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) to form tripedal DNA walkers driven by enzyme, we constructed a 3D DNA walker with accordingly complementary hairpins attached on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and sensitive fluorescence sensing system for the sensitive detection of target miRNA‐21 (miR‐21). The presence of miR‐21 triggers the CHA among three hairpins (HP1, HP2, and HP3), which lead to the formation of the tripedal DNA walkers. For the walking trajectories, FAM‐labeled hairpins (HP4) were attached to the surface of AuNPs, the fluorescence of which was initially quenched due to its close proximity to AuNPs. After the binding/cleaving/moving process of tripedal DNA walkers with HP4 driven by Exonuclease III (Exo III), a number of single‐stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) will be released with FAM fluorescence recovered. Benefiting from the DNA walker and CHA cascade amplification, the proposed sensing strategy showed remarkable improvement in sensitivity with the LOD of 42 aM. Owing to the precise design of the system, this method exhibited excellent specificity to distinguish miR‐21 from its single‐, double‐mismatched sequences and non‐complementary sequences, showing great versatility and potential for the biological analysis and early disease diagnosis.
Pixel source follower glow in HxRG detector
Authors: Pichon Thibault , Boucher Luc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Atmospheric Remote‐Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large‐survey (ARIEL) space mission is dedicated to the study of the exoplanets' atmosphere. To do so, the payload module is made of two instruments. The ARIEL InfraRed Spectrometer instruments is one them, it will perform spectroscopic measurements from the near‐infrared domain to the long‐wave infrared domain. The instrument relies on the use of two H1RG detectors. During early phases of instrument development dark current measurements have been done on an 8 m cutoff detector operated in window mode. These measurements revealed an unexpected level of dark current. This observation triggered a joint series of tests at the European Space Agency technical center and at the Astrophysics Department of the Atomic Energy Commission. As demonstrated in this paper, the excess of dark current originates from the collection, by the photosenstive layer, of light emitted by the source follower transistor of the pixel unit cell. This effect is referred as glow. Based on experimental results, this glow is studied as a function of the detector operating conditions (temperature, biases, timing diagram). These results also show that for the range of operating temperatures considered, the dark current performance of the detector is limited by the glow.
Does response to vagus nerve stimulation for drug‐resistant epilepsy differ in patients with and without Lennox–Gastaut syndrome?
Authors: Dibué Maxine , Greco Teresa , Spoor Jochem K. H. , Senft Christian , Kamp Marcel A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionLiterature on outcomes of patients with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) receiving adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) lacks information on seizure types and the time course of therapeutic effects. We have therefore performed what is to our knowledge the largest and most in‐depth analysis of the effectiveness of VNS in LGS patients paying special attention to the impact of VNS Therapy on individual seizure types.MethodsThe VNS Therapy Outcomes Registry includes over 7000 patients. A propensity score matching method was employed to match patients with LGS to non‐LGS patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE). Overall seizure frequencies were assessed prior to implantation and at 3‐, 6‐, 12‐, 18‐, and 24‐month follow‐ups to derive the main study outcomes: response rates and time to first response.ResultsA total of 564 LGS patients with sufficient data were identified in the registry and matched 2:1 to 1128 non‐LGS patients. Responder rates at 24 months were 57.5% in the LGS group and 61.5% in the non‐LGS group. Median seizure frequency reduction at 24 months was 64.3% versus 66.7% in the LGS versus non‐LGS group, respectively. In both groups, VNS was most effective at reducing focal aware seizures, “other” seizures, generalized‐onset non‐motor seizures, and drop attacks with relative reduction rates for these seizure types at 24 months exceeding 90% in both groups. Time‐to‐first response did not differ between the groups; however, there was a significantly higher proportion of patients who regressed from bilateral tonic–clonic (BTC) seizure response in the LGS group versus the non‐LGS group at 24 months: 22.4% versus 6.7%; p = .015.ConclusionsAlthough limited by its retrospective design, the study shows that the effectiveness of VNS is comparable in DRE patients with and without LGS; however, LGS patients may be more prone to fluctuating control of BTCs.
A multicenter prospective study of TACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
Authors: Li Xiaomi , Ding Xiaoyan , Liu Mei , Wang Jingyan , Sun Wei , Teng Ying , Xu Yawen , Wu Hongxiao , Li Wendong , Zhou Lin , Chen Jinglong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) predicts a poor prognosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using lenvatinib and camrelizumab combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) to treat HCC with PVTT.MethodsThis was a single‐arm, open‐label, multicenter, and prospective study. Eligible patients with advanced HCC accompanied by PVTT were enrolled to receive TACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS), while the secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and safety.ResultsBetween April 2020 and April 2022, 69 patients were successfully enrolled. With a median follow‐up time of 17.3 months, the median age of the patient cohort was 57 years (range: 49–64 years). According to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, the ORR was 26.1% (18 partial responses [PRs]) and the DCR was 78.3% (18 PRs, 36 stable diseases [SDs]). The median PFS (mPFS) and median OS (mOS) were 9.3 and 18.2 months, respectively. And tumor number >3 was identified as an adverse risk factor for both PFS and OS. The most common adverse events across all grades included fatigue (50.7%), hypertension (46.4%), and diarrhea (43.5%). Twenty‐four patients (34.8%) experienced Grade 3 toxicity that was relieved by dose adjustment and symptomatic treatment. No treatment‐related deaths occurred.ConclusionsTACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab is a well‐tolerated modality treatment with promising efficacy for advanced HCC with PVTT.
Redox in Cancer Metabolism: Manipulation of Cancer Metabolism Through Exploitation of Redox Environments
Authors: McBeth Craig 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of bioelectronics is a quickly evolving and developing field offering novel application to solve problems across numerous biological disciplines. Cancer research has focussed on various biomarkers as a means for detection and for potential therapeutic treatments. Several therapies and medications focus on influencing redox state within the cellular environment, with some of these therapies utilising cyclic redox components, allowing for repeated oxidation/reduction at target sites. This offers great potential for electrical (DC and AC) and electrochemical control over the intracellular redox environment. Herein explores the redox circuits in cancer and its metabolism, the influence of mediated oxidative stress in redox altered environments, therapeutics that target specific redox pathways and their redox active proteins, and the implementation of electrochemical interrogation to control the cellular redox environment to manipulate cancer metabolism.
Design and Synthesis of Spirochroman‐2‐on‐4,1'‐indan‐7'‐ol and Its Application for Synthesizing Chiral Monophosphinite Ligands†
Authors: Zhang Yang‐Ming , Guo Shu‐Min , Wang Qing‐Xian , Zheng Xiao‐Jie , Xie Jian‐Hua , Zhou Qi‐Lin 
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe design and synthesis of spirochroman‐2‐on‐4,1'‐indan‐7'‐ol (SCIOL) and its application for synthesizing chiral monophosphinite ligands are reported. The synthesis features a tandem double Friedel‐Crafts reaction/lactonization to construct the spiro framework and the desired racemic SCIOL was obtained via 6 steps with a total yield of 44.5%. Using an inclusion resolution with N‐benzylcinchonidinium chloride, the optical SCIOL could be obtained in good yields on a gram scale. The preliminary studies indicated that the corresponding chiral spiro monophosphinite ligands exhibit high catalytic activity and enantioselectivity (up to 94% ee) in the rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of N‐acetyl dehydroamino esters. These outcomes highlight the significant potential of SCIOL as a useful framework for the development of chiral spiro ligands.