bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should clinical coding be taught to junior doctors and medical students?
Authors: Shamim S , Ansari SA , Barter R , Javed MA 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Most medical schools and foundation curricula do not cover understanding of NHS finances and clinical coding. However, foundation doctors produce daily clinical documentation and discharge summaries, especially in surgical departments. We evaluated the effect of a simple teaching session for final year medical students’ understanding of NHS finances and clinical coding. Methods A simple questionnaire was distributed to 28 final year medical students. This assessed each student’s knowledge of clinical coding and NHS finances. A short presentation on this topic was delivered to this same group of students, following which the questionnaire was repeated. Post-session feedback was also collected. Results A significant gap in knowledge was found regarding NHS finances and clinical coding in the pre-session questionnaire. Only half (54%) of the medical students thought that junior doctors should be responsible for clinical coding; this increased to 91% after the teaching session. When asked whether it would be relevant to learn principles of clinical coding before foundation training, 64% agreed prior to the session, rising to 91% afterwards. The vast majority (95%) of participants agreed after the teaching session that an understanding of clinical coding could lead to an improvement in the quality of clinical documentation. Conclusions Most medical students thought it was important for doctors to understand the basic principles of NHS finances, the NHS budget and clinical coding. They agreed that clinical documentation could also be improved if doctors had a better understanding of clinical coding.
Using the app “Injurymap” to provide exercise rehabilitation for people with acute lateral ankle sprains seen at the Hospital Emergency Department–A mixed-method pilot study
Authors: Bak Jonas , Thorborg Kristian , Clausen Mikkel Bek , Johannsen Finn Elkjær , Kirk Jeanette Wassar , Bandholm Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Background
Acute lateral ankle sprains (LAS) account for 4–5% of all Emergency Department (ED) visits. Few patients receive the recommended care of exercise rehabilitation. A simple solution is an exercise app for mobile devices, which can deliver tailored and real-time adaptive exercise programs.

Purpose
The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the use and preliminary effect of an app-based exercise program in patients with LAS seen in the Emergency Department at a public hospital.

Materials and methods
We used an app that delivers evidence-based exercise rehabilitation for LAS using algorithm-controlled progression. Participants were recruited from the ED and followed for four months. Data on app-use and preliminary effect were collected continuously through the exercise app and weekly text-messages. Baseline and follow-up data were collected though an online questionnaire. Semi-structured interviews were performed after participants stopped using the app. Results: Health care professionals provided 485 patients with study information and exercise equipment. Of those, 60 participants chose to enroll in the study and 43 became active users. The active users completed a median of 7 exercise sessions. Most of the active users were very satisfied or satisfied (79%-93%) with the app and 95.7% would recommend it to others. The interviews showed that ankle sprains were considered an innocuous injury that would recover by itself. Several app users expressed they felt insufficiently informed from the ED health care professionals. Only 39% felt recovered when they stopped exercising, and 33% experienced a recurrent sprain in the study period. Conclusion: In this study, only few patients with LAS became active app users after receiving information in the ED about a free app-based rehabilitation program. We speculate the reason for this could be the perception that LAS is an innocuous injury. Most of the patients starting training were satisfied with the app, although few completed enough exercise sessions to realistically impact clinical recovery. Interestingly more than half of the participants did not feel fully recovered when they stopped exercising and one third experienced a recurrent sprain.

Trial-identifiers
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03550274, preprint (open access): https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.31.22269313v1.
Интердисциплинарность VS междисциплинарность: возможности изучения креативности
Authors: Исакова Инна Александровна , Петрова Ирина Эдуардовна , Ситникова Ирина Викторовна 
Published: May 2023

На круглом столе «Интердисциплинарность VS междисциплинарность: как будем изучать креативность?», проведенном в рамках XII Международной Грушинской социологической конференции «Общество в поисках баланса» (Россия, г. Москва, 23—27 мая 2022 г.), рассматривались возможности изучения креативности с помощью больших данных. Обсуждение строилось вокруг перспектив и различий монодисциплинарных, мультидисциплинарных, междисциплинарных, интердисциплинарных, трансдисциплинарных и кросс-дисциплинарных исследований. На примере изучения креативности эксперты описали преимущества междисциплинарности, представили лайфхаки для организации междисциплинарных исследований, а также обсудили возможности оценки поведения пользователей социальных сетей по цифровым следам.
Благодарность. Материал подготовлен в рамках реализации программы стратегического академического лидерства «Приоритет 2030».
Теория равных возможностей и ее применение к проблеме бедности
Authors: Ибрагимова Зульфия Фануровна , Франц Марина Валерьевна 
Published: May 2023

В работе описываются основные идеи теории равных возможностей и обсуждается потенциал их применения к исследованию бедности. Анализ работ, посвященных изучению факторов риска бедности, показывает, что классификация факторов никак не учитывает их контролируемость. Кроме того, традиционно принимаемые во внимание в исследованиях по неравенству возможностей факторы, такие как образование и профессиональный статус родителей, место рождения, материальное благополучие родительской семьи, крайне редко учитываются в работах по бедности. Рассмотрение непопадания в когорту бедных как индивидуального достижения, а также анализ факторов риска бедности с точки зрения их контролируемости индивидом может содержательно обогатить исследования.
Методический инструментарий, применяющийся в эмпирических исследованиях по неравенству возможностей, также может оказаться весьма полезным при изучении бедности. Демонстрация таких методических приемов, как разложение по Шепли для измерения вклада отдельных факторов-обстоятельств в общий уровень неравенства возможностей, декомпозиция Оаксаки — Блайндера для разложения общего дифференциала неравенства возможностей на ассоциативный и композиционный эффекты, а также профилирование возможностей выполнена в работе на данных социологического опроса РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ (волна 2011 г.).
В прикладном аспекте приложение идей теории равных возможностей к проблеме бедности меняет приоритеты в борьбе с ней — помимо традиционного субсидирования малообеспеченных слоев населения обосновывается необходимость выстроить механизмы, дающие всем равные возможности в плане обеспечения собственного благосостояния на уровне, превышающем черту бедности.
Демографические исследования в современном контексте: долгосрочные тренды развития и влияние внешних шоков
Authors: Бирюкова Светлана Сергеевна , Козлов Владимир Александрович 
Published: May 2023

Во вступительной статье к специальному номеру, посвященному современным демографическим вызовам России, очерчен круг актуальных в сложившемся социально-экономическом контексте исследовательских вопросов и представлены статьи, вошедшие в выпуск. Авторы указывают на методологические трудности, связанные с оценкой влияния кризисов на ключевые демографические процессы. Основная сложность состоит в разделении эффектов, связанных с изменениями контекстных обстоятельств — внешнего шока и введенных в ответ на него мер социальной, демографической и экономической политики, — и долгосрочной динамики показателей, то есть демографической эволюции того или иного общества. На примерах отдельных работ показана возможная дифференциация кратко-, средне- и долгосрочных последствий различных шоковых событий на демографическое, экономическое и социальное развитие государств. Авторы отмечают, что высокая дифференциация демографических показателей по регионам России формирует запрос на исследования специфических черт демографического развития страны и отдельных ее регионов. Подобные работы — при погружении их в международную дискуссию — могут сформировать основу научной базы для разработки и обоснованного заимствования эффективных решений в области демографической политики.
Благодарность. Авторы выражают признательность Константину Казенину за помощь в работе над номером на всех этапах его подготовки. Светлана Бирюкова также благодарит за поддержку Программу фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.
The effect of Pd and Ni coatings on hydrogen permeation experiments of as-quenched martensitic steel
Authors: Latypova Renata , Nyo Tun Tun , Seppälä Oskari , Hahtonen Kasper , Hänninen Hannu , Kömi Jukka , Pallaspuro Sakari 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen permeation technique is a widely used testing method for the determination of hydrogen diffusion coefficient (D), which is an important parameter considering hydrogen embrittlement. A palladium (Pd) or nickel (Ni) coating is often utilised on the hydrogen detection side of the test specimens. Here, we investigate the effect of Pd and Ni coatings on hydrogen diffusion in a martensitic 500 HBW hardness low-alloy steel in the thickness range of 0.5 – 0.8 mm using a refined successive transient method and compare against an uncoated reference specimen. Both coatings yield similar average D values (6 – 6.6 × 10−7 cm2/s), but the best repeatability is achieved with Pd coating. With Ni coating, D values decrease with the increasing specimen thickness, which is partly caused by a slower hydrogen diffusion in Ni, and therefore a concentration gradient at the specimen-coating interface. The uncoated specimen has a poor transient fit, and significantly lower D (2.1 × 10−7 cm2/s) due to surface oxidation. With both coatings, the steepness of the last decay transient was highly affected by specimen thickness, and therefore the density of reversible hydrogen traps is only comparable for similar thicknesses.
Plurilingual Chinese learners of French Lx: agentic assembling of semiotic resources for learning
Authors: Lau Sunny Man Chu , Dault Caroline , Théberge Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper reports an interview study with Chinese international students in an Anglophone university in Quebec, Canada, exploring their use of language and cross-language learning strategies to support their learning of French Lx (third language and beyond). Drawing on plurilingualism, Dynamic Model of Multilingualism, and language learning strategies, this article examines how Chinese learners made dynamic, creative, and, at times, unexpected links among Chinese and other additional languages and mobilized previous learning and professional experience to strategically enhance their French language learning. As a logographic language, Chinese is typologically distant from Latin-based languages. The focal participants, however, generated multilingual, multidirectional, and multimodal connections among the languages they knew. Their agentic assemblage of communicative repertoires for language learning contests the abyssal thinking behind the deficit-oriented label of “allophones” (those whose mother tongue is neither French nor English) that is used widely in the country. The study urges teachers and researchers to rethink language pedagogies that respond to and take full advantage of these student-directed strategies for better learning. Particularly, the paper argues for greater attention to students of non-alphabetic language backgrounds to recognize and co-learn with them about these self-initiated plurilingual strategies in order to build on their metalinguistic resources and create equitable classroom spaces for more effective teaching and learning.
Mechanical behavior of AA5083/AA6061 friction stir welds using modal analysis
Authors: Çavuş Emre Can , Koçar Oğuz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Solid-state joining is used for welding similar or dissimilar materials due to its many advantages like avoiding fusion and formation of a thick intermetallic layer, etc. Determination of the right process parameters (feed rate and rotation speed) and tool geometry (shoulder and pin) is of critical importance in friction stir welding in order to achieve adequate weld quality. The experiments were performed using three process parameters: feed rate (mm min−1), rotation speed (rpm) and pin geometry for friction stir welding of Al5083 and Al6061. Eighteen experiments were performed with different process parameters and mechanical tests (microhardness and tensile measurements) have been carried out to determine the weld quality. Results showed that the best results of ultimate strength (198.5 MPa) were achieved by the triangle pin geometry, 1250 rpm rotation speed and 100 mm min−1 feed rate. Similar results were observed in microhardness tests. Effects of tool geometry, feed rate, and rotation speed on the vibration properties and weld quality are also investigated experimentally. The effects of the FSW parameters used were assessed using vibration analysis.
Sex-related differences in migraine clinical features by frequency of occurrence: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Muñoz Gómez Elena , Aguilar Rodríguez Marta , Serra Añó Pilar , Sempere Rubio Núria , Mollà Casanova Sara , Inglés Marta 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The sex-related differences of migraine hold clinical relevance to achieve a better diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate sex-related differences in migraine features, the impact, and health care resources for people who suffer from episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM).

Methods
184 patients (72 % women; 61.4 % with EM; mean (SD) age of 38.7 (10.4) years) were assessed through the Migraine Disability Assessment, the Short Form 36 Health Survey, the Beck Depression Inventory II and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Additionally, medication intake and medical assistance were recorded. Multivariate analyses were performed, stratifying by frequency of occurrence (EM and CM) and sex (men and women).

Results
The results showed that women presented a greater number of symptoms (p=0.03), pain intensity (p<0.01), pain duration (p=0.03), disability (p=0.01), amount of symptomatic medication (p=0.04) and medical visits (p=0.001), as well as a worse physical role (p=0.004) than men with EM. However, no significant differences between them were found for CM (p>0.05). Moreover, it was identified that there was a significant increase in medication intake among people with CM compared to EM (p<0.001). It is worth noting that there were no significant differences by diagnosis and sex in emotional status (p>0.05).

Conclusions
Migraine features, impact and health care resources were greater in women than men with EM; yet no significant differences between them were found for CM. The findings of the present study may contribute to a better diagnosis and treatment response in people with migraines.
Digitalisierung: Krise verändert Fokus und Budgets
Authors: Bedenk Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In vielen Unternehmen sollen angesichts der derzeitigen wirtschaftlichen Lage Kosten reduziert, die Effizienz erhöht und Kunden stärker gebunden werden. Investitionen in neue Technologien, wie KI-getriebene Automatisierung, aber auch neue Kanäle wie das Metaverse bieten hierbei bedeutende Chancen für Unternehmen. Dafür notwendig: ein agiler, iterativer Digitalisierungsansatz.
A Comparison of Training and Match Play External Load During a Congested In-Season Period in English League 2 Football
Authors: Fleming Adam , Walker Matthew , Armitage Mark , Connor Mark , Beato Marco 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Fleming, A, Walker, M, Armitage, M, Connor, M, and Beato, M. A comparison of training and match play external load during a congested in-season period in English League 2 Football. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study aimed to investigate if external training load metrics differ between training days and match day (MD) during a period of fixture congestion and to verify if external load metrics vary based on playing positions. Training and MD data were collected in a part of the competition phase of the 2020–2021 season (6 weeks) in the English Football League 2 (N = 20 players, mean ± SDs: age = 24.4 ± 4.7 years). Global Navigation Satellite System units (Catapult S7 Vector 10 Hz) were used to monitor external load metrics. The metrics were duration of training, total distance (TD), high-speed running distance (HSR), sprinting distance, relative intensity (m/min), total accelerations (TotAcc) (>3 m·s−2), and total decelerations (TotDec) (<-3 m·s−2). This study found that duration, TD, relative intensity, HSR distance, sprint distance, TotAcc, and TotDec were different (p < 0.001, d = small to moderate) between MD and match day minus two (MD-2) or match day minus one (MD-1); however, during match day minus four (MD-4), only relative intensity was significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared with MD output. Therefore, MD-4 was the most demanding training session of the week (after the MD), and during MD-2 and MD-1, coaches decreased players' load to favor players' readiness. Moreover, this study found that MD and MD-1 resulted in statistically different values across several metrics between different playing positions (defenders < midfielders and strikers), whereas metrics in MD-4 and MD-2 were not statistically different, which highlights that in these sessions, players have similar external loads independently from their playing positions.
Language Exposure and Brain Myelination in Early Development
Authors: Fibla Laia , Forbes Samuel H. , McCarthy Jordan , Mee Kate , Magnotta Vincent , Deoni Sean , Cameron Donnie , Spencer John P. 
Published: May 2023

The language environment to which children are exposed has an impact on later language abilities as well as on brain development; however, it is unclear how early such impacts emerge. This study investigates the effects of children's early language environment and socioeconomic status (SES) on brain structure in infancy at 6 and 30 months of age (both sexes included). We used magnetic resonance imaging to quantify concentrations of myelin in specific fiber tracts in the brain. Our central question was whether Language Environment Analysis (LENA) measures from in-home recording devices and SES measures of maternal education predicted myelin concentrations over the course of development. Results indicate that 30-month-old children exposed to larger amounts of in-home adult input showed more myelination in the white matter tracts most associated with language. Right hemisphere regions also show an association with SES, with older children from more highly educated mothers and exposed to more adult input, showing greater myelin concentrations in language-related areas. We discuss these results in relation to the current literature and implications for future research.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis is the first study to look at how brain myelination is impacted by language input and socioeconomic status early in development. We find robust relationships of both factors in language-related brain areas at 30 months of age.
Histological and transcriptomic analysis of Fance-deficient PGCs reveal the possible mechanisms of their depletion
Authors: Suye Suye , Yin Huan , Zhou Zhixian , Zheng Chunying , Ren Zhen , Shi Liye , Fu Chun 
Published: May 2023

In brief
Fanconi anemia results in subfertility and germ cell deficiency in women. We present histological and RNA-seq analysis of Fance-deficient primordial germ cells to explore the possible mechanisms of their progressive depletion.

Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) development is a subtle and complex regulatory process. Fance is an important substrate molecule necessary for the activation of the Fanconi anemia pathway, and its homozygous mutant causes massive oogonia loss as early as embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). Here, we present histological and RNA-seq analysis of Fance-deficient PGCs to explore the possible mechanisms responsible for its progressive depletion of germ cells. In Fance−/− embryos, the reduction of PGCs was already evident at E9.5 and the progressive loss of PGCs led to the PGCs being almost exhausted at E12.5. An increase of apoptotic cells was detected among Fance−/− PGCs, which may intuitively explain their reduced number in embryos. Moreover, abnormal cell proliferation and accumulating DNA damage were detected in E12.5 Fance−/− PGCs. We identified 3026 differentially expressed genes in E12.5 Fance−/− PGCs compared to Fance+/+. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were highly associated with ‘lysosome’, and various metabolism pathways, whereas the downregulated genes were mainly enriched in ‘cell cycle’, ‘oocyte meiosis’, ‘ribosome’, and various DNA repair pathways. In addition, multiple genes of various cell death pathways were found to be differentially expressed in E12.5 Fance−/− PGCs, indicating that PGCs death in Fance−/− embryos might diverge from canonical apoptosis. These findings indicate that Fance is essential for PGCs survival and the potential mechanisms involve cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, cell death prevention, and by regulating lysosome and ribosome function. Our results provide an important reference for further studies.
New Zealand secondary school students’ knowledge, attitude and behaviours towards sports-related concussion
Authors: Churton Emily , Falconer Suzy , Reid Duncan A. 
Published: May 2023

Sports-related concussion is a significant problem in New Zealand, with an estimated 21% of all traumatic brain injuries occurring in the sporting environment. The symptoms of sports-related concussion experienced by high school-aged athletes are often associated with a decline in academic performance, and are commonly more severe and persistent then those experienced by adult athletes. A 35-item, multi-choice questionnaire was used to ascertain New Zealand secondary school students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of sports-related concussion. By comparing results from 2018 to those obtained in 2017, this study investigated the impact that a 2018 Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) social media campaign may have had on New Zealand secondary school students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding sports-related concussion. The main findings of this study show that the ACC social media campaign did not alter students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours toward sports-related concussion. Students were knowledgeable regarding concussion and showed positive attitudes towards correct management of the injury. Students had specific knowledge gaps regarding the onset of symptoms, activities to avoid post-concussion, the possible complications of multiple injuries, and recognition of the less discernible symptoms of concussion. These results suggest that secondary school students would benefit from further education on the possible long-term effects of sports-related concussion and the importance of effective management once a concussion has occurred.