bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical reflections of postgraduate researchers on a collaborative interdisciplinary research project
Authors: Purvis Ben , Keding Hannah , Lewis Ashley , Northall Phil 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBy employing a retrospective collaborative autoethnographic approach, this work aims to better understand how an interdisciplinary context shaped the authors’ experiences of British academia during their Ph.D research. The authors bring together their individual observations and experiences to collectively interrogate and critically reflect on their position as postgraduate researchers (PGRs) on a collaborative interdisciplinary research project. These reflections are taken as a lens through which to interrogate the contemporary British university. Pre-existing tensions within the academy are characterised as ‘asymmetries’ along dimensions of risk, disciplinary hierarchy, and knowledge. It is argued that the authors’ experience of uncertainty and precarity as junior academics stems principally from pre-existing structures within British academia, rather than the interdisciplinary environment in which they were immersed. By emphasising the role of the successfully trained doctoral candidate as an outcome itself, it is argued that indicators of success can be reframed, shifting the power asymmetry to place greater value on PGRs within the neoliberal academy. Highlighting the ambiguity of their convergent and divergent personal experiences, the authors suggest there is a need for a greater focus on the contested role of the PGR within the contemporary university system.
Teaching skills in physical education teacher training: theoretical and factor models
Authors: Aparicio-Herguedas José Luis , Fraile-Aranda Antonio , Rodríguez-Medina Jairo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTraining in skills requires implementing reliable tools allowing them to prove their development during teacher training. This research is aimed at assessing the psychometric properties of a measuring tool implemented when training teaching skills for physical education teachers and at proving whether its internal structure fits in the theoretical models reviewed in the literature. The research included 1104 undergraduate students (59.78% male and 40.22% female) from Spanish higher education institutions. A factor and exploratory analysis from the Teaching Skills in Physical Education Teacher Training survey was carried out for a such purpose. The results showed a good fit to the three-correlated model and some discrepancies regarding the skills of the theoretical models suggested by the literature. Implications for the teaching practice and the student’s skill development are hereby discussed.
Effect of parental migration on the noncognitive abilities of left-behind school-going children in rural China
Authors: Abbasi Babar Nawaz , Luo Zhimin , Sohail Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the question of whether parental migration is a significant source of human capital development or whether it is harmful to non-cognitive ability development. In light of this, a research question was raised: what is the effect of different statuses of parental migration on the non-cognitive abilities of left-behind children in rural China? To answer this research question, the study uses the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) data wave-I and employs the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method. The findings revealed that the decision of one or both parents to migrate hurts the non-cognitive abilities of the left-behind school-going children. The results imply that parental migration of one or both parents in rural China is detrimental to the non-cognitive abilities of the left-behind children (LBCs). Therefore, parents should stay or move with their children instead of leaving them with relatives or grandparents. Furthermore, the government must concentrate on removing obstacles to education, especially for migrants, by undertaking initiatives like expanding the number of schools for LBCs and waiving tuition fees. Moreover, the government needs to take action to improve the lives of LBCs and find solutions to their problems. Lastly, the authorities need to promote economic change to create a more balanced economy.
Studies of Japanese as a second language and their contribution to Processability Theory
Authors: Kawaguchi Satomi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the field of second language acquisition (SLA), Japanese has an important role to play. The typological characteristics of Japanese stand in clear contrast to Germanic and other European language families. These characteristics have contributed significantly to SLA, establishing cross-linguistic plausibility of developmental sequences in SLA theories, including Processability Theory (PT). This chapter surveys major studies in Japanese SLA over the last two decades, particularly those conducted within the PT framework, to account for the steps forward in understanding morphological and syntactic development of Japanese as a second language in adults, children, and bilingual first language acquisition. Furthermore, the aspects which lag and require further research effort are also discussed.
The development of lexical mapping in Chinese L2
Authors: Liu Bo , Di Biase Bruno , Kawaguchi Satomi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study tests the applicability of the Lexical Mapping Hypothesis (LMH) to the L2 acquisition of Chinese syntax within a Processability Theory framework. The LMH makes testable predictions for L2 acquisition based on the mapping between argument-structure and functional-structure. Empirical evidence from typologically diverse languages for the LMH is not robust as yet and does not include any L2 Chinese empirical study so far. This study ventures to fill the gap by testing the LMH for the acquisition of Chinese L2. Data for this investigation comes from a one-year longitudinal study on the oral production by three adult beginning learners of L2 Chinese in a Chinese university. Results show that the observed acquisition sequence of the investigated structures was consistent with the hypothesized LMT-based processing hierarchy applied to Chinese L2. This study contributes empirical evidence for the LMH, and supports the hypothesized intermediate stage, i.e., ‘default mapping and additional argument’.
The bilingual development of plural marking in a Malay-English child
Authors: Mohamed Salleh Rabiah Tul Adawiyah , Di Biase Bruno , Kawaguchi Satomi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the development of plural encoding in a Malay-English bilingual first language acquirer from a Processability Theory (PT) perspective. In Malay, plurality is encoded through reduplication, while English uses morphological inflection. The child’s oral production was collected weekly from age 3;4 to 3;10 using natural conversation and elicitation tasks in separate Malay and English sessions. Expressions for singular and plural contexts are analysed based on PT. Results suggest that pluralisation in each language followed PT, they add to the applicability of PT to bilingual first language acquisition (BFLA), and reveal some novel typological sequences. Cross-linguistic influences were found in plural encodings in each language. Also, a prosodic feature was, usefully, found to disambiguate between Malay ‘iteration’ (Lemma) and ‘reduplication’ (Category procedure).
Development of Japanese and English polar questions in bilingual first language acquisition
Authors: Itani-Adams Yuki , Di Biase Bruno 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the development of polar questions, in English and Japanese in a bilingual child acquiring these two typologically different languages from birth in a one-parent-one-language environment in Australia. The three-year longitudinal data-set was collected from the time Haru, the informant, was one year and eleven months of age. Her polar questions began with the use of rising intonation in single or two-word utterances in both languages. Her development continued in language-specific ways resembling that of L1 development in each language, much in line with the Prominence Hypothesis. As well as supporting this Hypothesis and the universality of PT in a bilingual first language acquisition (BFLA) context the study highlights the importance of the two-word stage in child language development and proposes a Two-word stage for PT’s developmental schedule, intermediate between the lemma stage and the canonical order stage within the BFLA context.
Developmentally moderated focus on form in an Indonesian kindergarten EFL programme
Authors: Hardini Isriani , Di Biase Bruno , Kawaguchi Satomi , Reid Carol 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of Developmentally Moderated Focus on Form (DMFonF) focusing on plural marking in English L2 in Indonesian kindergarten children. Before the study, these children learned English through a communicative programme. The study, designed within the Processability Theory framework, included a pre-test, DMFonF intervention, and post-test. Two kindergarten classes, K1 (first-year, n = 10) and K2 (second-year, n = 10), participated in the study. At pre-test, all children were at the single-word stage. That was after K1 children learned English for one semester and K2 for three semesters. After the one semester-DMFonF intervention, all children acquired lexical plural marking, and most of them also acquired phrasal plural agreement. This finding suggests that DMFonF is effective in promoting early L2 grammatical development.
The acquisition of polar questions in Chinese learners of English as a foreign language
Authors: Li Ran , Jansen Louise M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter investigates the acquisition of English polar questions in a cross-sectional study of nine Chinese junior high school learners acquiring English as a Foreign Language in Inner Mongolia (China). Conducted within a Processability Theory framework, in particular the recently proposed Prominence Hypothesis, the study focuses on analytical issues, presenting a descriptive account of the structures learners produce when asking polar questions. These include intonation questions with canonical word order, the use of single and multi-word question markers, prefabricated patterns, and questions with non-canonical word order. Results are consistent, overall, with the predictive schedule for ESL/EFL as formulated in the Prominence Hypothesis. However, the data also contains questions consisting of a prefabricated pattern followed by a noun phrase, which do not fit either with the Lemma access stage or the Canonical word order stage. The authors argue that this type of question represents a separate stage between these two early stages.
Testing the validity of Processability Theory through a corpus-based analysis
Authors: Yamaguchi Yumiko , Usami Hiroko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter presents part of the results of a learner corpus study to test the validity of Processability Theory (PT; Pienemann, 1998, 2005). It also addresses the issues of whether second language (L2) learners are at the same PT stages for speaking and writing. The results of the analysis of spoken and written narratives by 281 Japanese learners, focusing on the acquisition of the English plural marker ‑s on nouns, have demonstrated support for the hypothesised developmental sequence for English morphology in PT. In addition, a positive relationship has been found between the learners’ spoken and written production, suggesting that PT can legitimately be used to examine L2 writing as well as speaking.
Controlled quantized adiabatic transport in a superlattice Wannier-Stark ladder
Authors: Unanyan R G , Vitanov N V , Fleischhauer M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Born–Fock theorem is one of the most fundamental theorems of quantum mechanics and forms the basis for reliable and efficient navigation in the Hilbert space of a quantum system with a time-dependent Hamiltonian by adiabatic evolution. In the absence of level crossings, i.e. without degeneracies, and under adiabatic time evolution all eigenstates of the Hamiltonian keep their energetic order, labeled by a conserved integer quantum number. Thus, controlling the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and their energetic order in asymptotic limits allows one to engineer a perfect adiabatic transfer between a large number of initial and target states. The fidelity of the state transfer is only limited by adiabaticity and the selection of target states is controlled by the integer invariant labeling the order of eigenstates. We show here, for the example of a finite superlattice Wannier-Stark ladder, i.e. a one-dimensional lattice with alternating hopping amplitudes and constant potential gradient, that such an adiabatic control of eigenstates can be used to induce perfectly quantized single-particle transport across a pre-determined number of lattice sites. We dedicate this paper to the memory of our late friend and colleague Bruce Shore, who was an expert in adiabatic processes and taught us much about this field.
Operating principles of zero-bias retinomorphic sensors
Authors: Labram John G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Zero bias retinomorphic sensors (ZBRSs) are a new type of optical sensor which produce a signal in response to changes in light intensity, but not to constant illumination. For this reason, they are hoped to enable much faster identification of moving objects than conventional sensing strategies. While recent proof-of-principle demonstrations are significant, there does not yet exist a robust quantitative model for their behaviour, which represents an impediment for effective progress to be made in this field. Here I report a mathematical framework to quantify and predict the behaviour of ZRBSs. A simple device-level model and a more detailed carrier-dynamics model are derived. Both models are tested computationally, yielding equivalent behaviour consistent with experimental observations. A figure of merit,

Λ

0

, was identified which is hoped to enable facile comparison of devices between different research groups. This work is hoped to serve as the foundation for a consistent description of ZBRSs.
Remaining useful life prediction of bearings based on self-attention mechanism, multi-scale dilated causal convolution, and temporal convolution network
Authors: Wei Hao , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Yu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Effective remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of bearings is essential for the predictive maintenance of rotating machinery. However, the effectiveness of many existing RUL prediction methods depends on expert experience and signal processing algorithms, which limiting the application of these methods in real-life scenarios. This study proposes a novel end-to-end deep learning framework consisting of a multi-scale attention-based dilated causal convolutional (MADCC) module and a multi-layer temporal convolutional network (MTCN) to predict the RUL of bearings using raw vibration data. First, the MADCC module extracts multi-scale temporal features of the bearing degradation process (BDP) and provides fused feature vectors (FFVs) containing comprehensive BDP information for the MTCN module. Subsequently, the MTCN module mines deep temporal dependencies hidden in the FFV to predict the RUL of bearings. Ablation experiments are conducted to analyze the contribution of the framework’s components. Three evaluation metrics (root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R
2)) are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework and other state-of-the-art methods on two public bearing datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed framework achieves the lowest RMSE and MAE and the highest R
2, demonstrating excellent performance and potential for RUL prediction of bearings.
Improving GNSS positioning performance of Android smart devices by a novel pseudorange correction method
Authors: Li Wanqing , Song Jiangbo , Li Junzhi , Zhu Xiangwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To achieve high-precision global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning of smart devices, it is necessary to correct the pseudorange measurements, especially to reduce time-related errors. Traditional pseudorange smoothing methods fail to cope with measurement anomalies and do not consider the time correlation. Therefore, a time-correlated pseudorange correction (TCPC) method is proposed. The Mann-Kendall trend test and breakpoint detection are used to address data anomalies and pseudorange errors are estimated with an adaptive smoothing method. Using the proposed method, the GNSS receivers can improve the pseudorange accuracy and availability for better single-point positioning performance. The positioning errors are reduced by 10%–45% for different GNSS receivers. Moreover, the circular antenna motion mechanism is used to reduce the measurement correlation and enhance observability. Using the TCPC method in the smartphone antenna motion case, the improvement rates of positioning accuracies are 43%–76% and the horizontal positioning accuracy is improved from meter level to decimeter level.
Real-time detection method for welding parts completeness based on improved YOLOX in a digital twin environment
Authors: Li Hao , Yan Xinyu , Zhang Yuyan , Liu Gen , Zhai Zhongshang , Wang Xiaocong , Wang Haoqi , Wen Xiaoyu , Liu Yan , Zhang Guoshang , Wei Shizhong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Detection of the completeness of welding parts for automotive body-in-white welding relies mainly on both artificial and sensor detection. Due to a lack of intelligent methods, it is difficult to achieve accurate detection. This paper presents a new intelligent detection method based on improved YOLOX in a digital twin (DT) environment. Firstly, to address the problem of insufficient real samples, virtual datasets are made to increase data volume by using DT technology and realize the fusion of virtuality and reality. Secondly, an improved MobileNetv1 network is designed as the feature extraction network for YOLOX. Additionally, the original convolution is replaced by depthwise separable convolution blocks for reducing computational burden and improving detection speed. Experimental results show that the number of parameters is 59.1% less than that of the original model and the detection speed is increased from 36 to 50 frames s–1. Meanwhile, mean average precision increases by 1.42% and 2.76%, respectively, under two different overlaps.
Damage protection from focused ion beam process toward nanocavity-implemented compound semiconductor nanowire lasers
Authors: Takiguchi Masato , Zhang Guoqiang , Sasaki Satoshi , Tateno Kouta , John Caleb , Ono Masaaki , Sumikura Hisashi , Shinya Akihiko , Notomi Masaya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A focused ion beam (FIB) can precisely mill samples and freely form any nanostructure even on surfaces with curvature, like a nanowire surface, which are difficult to implement by using conventional fabrication techniques, e.g. electron beam lithography. Thus, this tool is promising for nanofabrication; however, fabrication damage and contamination are critical issues, which deteriorate optical properties. In this work, we investigated the protective performance of Al2O3 against the FIB process (especially by a gallium ion). Nanowires were coated with Al2O3 as a hard mask to protect them from damage during FIB nanofabrication. To estimate the protective performance, their emission properties by photoluminescence measurement and time-resolved spectroscopy were compared with and without Al2O3 coating conditions. From the results, we confirmed that the Al2O3 coating protects the nanowires. In addition, the nanowires also showed lasing behavior even after FIB processing had been carried out to implement nanostructures. This indicates that their optical properties are well maintained. Thus, our study proves the usefulness of FIBs for future nanofabrication.
Extraction of cardiac-related signals from a suprasternal pressure sensor during sleep
Authors: Cerina Luca , Papini Gabriele B , Fonseca Pedro , Overeem Sebastiaan , van Dijk Johannes P , Vullings Rik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. The accurate detection of respiratory effort during polysomnography is a critical element in the diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing conditions such as sleep apnea. Unfortunately, the sensors currently used to estimate respiratory effort are either indirect and ignore upper airway dynamics or are too obtrusive for patients. One promising alternative is the suprasternal notch pressure (SSP) sensor: a small element placed on the skin in the notch above the sternum within an airtight capsule that detects pressure swings in the trachea. Besides providing information on respiratory effort, the sensor is sensitive to small cardiac oscillations caused by pressure perturbations in the carotid arteries or the trachea. While current clinical research considers these as redundant noise, they may contain physiologically relevant information. Approach. We propose a method to separate the signal generated by cardiac activity from the one caused by breathing activity. Using only information available from the SSP sensor, we estimate the heart rate and track its variations, then use a set of tuned filters to process the original signal in the frequency domain and reconstruct the cardiac signal. We also include an overview of the technical and physiological factors that may affect the quality of heart rate estimation. The output of our method is then used as a reference to remove the cardiac signal from the original SSP pressure signal, to also optimize the assessment of respiratory activity. We provide a qualitative comparison against methods based on filters with fixed frequency cutoffs. Main results. In comparison with electrocardiography (ECG)-derived heart rate, we achieve an agreement error of 0.06 ± 5.09 bpm, with minimal bias drift across the measurement range, and only 6.36% of the estimates larger than 10 bpm. Significance. Together with qualitative improvements in the characterization of respiratory effort, this opens the development of novel portable clinical devices for the detection and assessment of sleep disordered breathing.
Determination of MHD mode structures using soft x-ray diagnostics in TCV
Authors: Dreval M B , Sharapov S E , Vallar M , Labit B , Karpushov A N , Garcia-Munoz M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A forward modeling technique is developed for determining the characteristic features of observed MHD modes from the line-of-sight data of the soft x-ray (SXR) diagnostics with 64 vertical lines-of-sight in theTokamak à Configuration Variable tokamak. Using diagnostics with excellent spatial resolution, this technique is shown to evaluate the poloidal mode numbers m, radial location and ballooning character of the MHD modes. In the first stage, the poloidal mode structures are modeled by the radially localized Gaussian-shaped emission regions rotating along the magnetic flux surfaces. In the second stage, the space structures of observed 95–100 kHz toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) are investigated numerically using HELENA, CSCAS and MISHKA codes. The calculated TAE eigenfunctions are then used in our forward modeling similarly to the approach of contrast imaging diagnostics (Edlund et al 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett.
102 165003) and SXR diagnostics (Piovesan et al 2008 Nucl. Fusion
48 065001). A ballooning structure of the observed n= 1 TAE mode can be analyzed more easily due to the low poloidal mode number m in contrast to the high-m modes analyzed by a similar SXR technique in the W7-X stellarator (Dreval et al 2021 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
63 065006).