bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unified Moment-Based Modeling of Integrated Stochastic Processes
Authors: Kyriakou Ioannis , Brignone Riccardo , Fusai Gianluca 
Published: January 2023

Dial M for Simulation For years, systems of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) were simulated by discretization, inevitably introducing a bias, which can be difficult to quantify accurately. To circumvent this, some attempts have been made to simulate exactly various models from the SDE solution. These approaches prove capable of producing accurate results. A serious drawback of such an approach, nevertheless, is the implicit need to use extensive numerical methods, which make the entire simulation computationally heavy and quite impracticable. In the paper “Unified moment-based modeling of integrated stochastic processes,” Kyriakou, Brignone, and Fusai present a methodological framework based on M(oments) for the simulation of such models that overcomes earlier limitations. Theoretical results and extensive numerical experiments show that the proposed approach allows accurate simulation of complex stochastic models with low computational effort.
Why does patient mental health matter? Part 4: non-carious tooth surface loss as a consequence of psychiatric conditions
Authors: Elliott Emma , Sanger Emily , Shiers David , Aggarwal Vishal R 
Published: January 2023

This is the fourth article in a series looking at psychiatric presentations in dentistry. Recently, the oral health of people with severe mental illness (SMI) has gained significant media attention after the Office of the Chief Dental Officer for England published a statement on the importance of prioritizing oral health for people with SMI. Furthermore, a consensus statement has set out a 5-year plan to improve oral health in people with SMI. In Part 3, we discussed how a psychiatric disorder can result in dental pathology primarily through self-neglect. This article explores tooth surface loss and the potential link with psychiatry, considering the role of the primary dental care team in early recognition of psychiatric presentations. A fictionalized case-based discussion is used to explore this concept. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article emphasizes the role of the primary care dental team in recognition of psychiatric conditions, such as eating disorders.
Three numb tongues, two mris and a gold weight in an eyelid: a case series of acoustic neuromas and their relevance to dental practice
Authors: Reilly Robert JR , Todd Elizabeth , Donaldson Kirstyn , Crighton Alex 
Published: January 2023

Acoustic neuromas are brain tumours originating from the Schwann cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve. As acoustic neuromas grow, the vestibulocochlear, facial and trigeminal nerves are often compressed, resulting in the common presenting complaints of hearing loss, balance disturbance, facial nerve weakness and altered sensation of the orofacial region. Thus, patients with an acoustic neuroma may present to the dentist with a range of problems. Herein we present three cases of acoustic neuroma that were diagnosed following presentation to the Glasgow Dental Hospital Oral Medicine Department and discuss the common clinical features, radiological findings and management options for acoustic neuromas. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentists should be aware of the common presenting features of acoustic neuromas and when onward referral is indicated.
Acrylic dentures: fill the gap. Part 1. overview, support, retention, reciprocation and bracing
Authors: Leyssen Wouter , Heran Jasmeet , Walmsley AD 
Published: January 2023

Many dental students find the principles of partial denture design difficult to learn. It is also recognized that dentists in general practice within the UK do not always provide sufficient design specification on their laboratory prescription. In that regard, it seems that confusion about how to come up with a suitable denture design persists after graduation. The aim of this series of articles is therefore to review the principles of denture design as applied to mucosal-borne dentures. Part 1 focuses on support, retention, reciprocation and bracing. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article reviews the principles of design in relation to mucosal-borne partial dentures.
Management of implant screwdriver ingestion: reflection and guidance for the GDP placing implants
Authors: Mazareanu Rupert , Soomro Naveed , Romeed Shihab 
Published: January 2023

Dental procedures carry a risk of inhalation or ingestion of foreign bodies. The Medical Defence Union reported there were 141 dentistry-related incidents over a 10 year period (137 ingestion, four aspiration). Most objects pass through the alimentary canal uneventfully, but timely and efficient management can reduce the risk of complications. This article reflects on the management following accidental ingestion of an implant screwdriver in an oral reconstruction patient. Clear step-by-step guidance for the GDP performing implant therapy is provided. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Through reflection on a clinical incident of ingestion and aspiration of a foreign body, the lessons learned are shared to aid in avoidance of such situations, or their effective management.
Transcriptome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility genes for degenerative cervical spondylosis
Authors: Xu Jiawen , Si Haibo , Zeng Yi , Wu Yuangang , Zhang Shaoyun , Liu Yuan , Li Mingyang , Shen Bin 
Published: January 2023

Aims Degenerative cervical spondylosis (DCS) is a common musculoskeletal disease that encompasses a wide range of progressive degenerative changes and affects all components of the cervical spine. DCS imposes very large social and economic burdens. However, its genetic basis remains elusive. Methods Predicted whole-blood and skeletal muscle gene expression and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from a DCS database were integrated, and functional summary-based imputation (FUSION) software was used on the integrated data. A transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) was conducted using FUSION software to assess the association between predicted gene expression and DCS risk. The TWAS-identified genes were verified via comparison with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DCS RNA expression profiles in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (Accession Number: GSE153761). The Functional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA) tool for genome-wide association studies and Meta tools were used for gene functional enrichment and annotation analysis. Results The TWAS detected 420 DCS genes with p < 0.05 in skeletal muscle, such as ribosomal protein S15A ( RPS15A) (PTWAS = 0.001), and 110 genes in whole blood, such as selectin L ( SELL) (PTWAS = 0.001). Comparison with the DCS RNA expression profile identified 12 common genes, including Apelin Receptor ( APLNR) (PTWAS = 0.001, PDEG = 0.025). In total, 148 DCS-enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms were identified, such as mast cell degranulation (GO:0043303); 15 DCS-enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified, such as the sphingolipid signalling pathway (ko04071). Nine terms, such as degradation of the extracellular matrix (R-HSA-1474228), were common to the TWAS enrichment results and the RNA expression profile. Conclusion Our results identify putative susceptibility genes; these findings provide new ideas for exploration of the genetic mechanism of DCS development and new targets for preclinical intervention and clinical treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(1):80–90.
Evaluating an Agricultural Community Suicide Prevention Program: Instrumentation and Impact
Authors: Oldham Carolyn , Mazur Joan M. , Sampson Shannon , Kussainov Nurlan , Kolawole Olukemi 
Published: January 2023

Highlights

This paper details an evaluation of a piloted community-based farmer suicide prevention training program using a revised Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire.

Indicating program utility and impact, willingness to intervene with a person in crisis increased by 0.21 logits (p&lt;0.01) in program participants who completed pre- and post-training surveys.

A comparison of growth in the willingness to intervene variable across participant demographics and characteristics revealed a change of 0.43 logits among males, compared to 0.096 for females (p=0.059).

Researchers recommend that the program be tailored to consider gender differences.

Abstract. In this study, researchers detail an evaluation of a pilot community-based farmer suicide prevention program that used QPR-based training customized for the agricultural community. Community-based mental health programs have been cited as key to addressing the worldwide suicide rate, but evidence of their execution and utility is not well documented, particularly within the agricultural community context. Researchers used Kirkpatrick's (1998) training evaluation model and a pre-post one-group design (Eseryel, 2002) of consenting training participants to conduct a preliminary assessment of programmatic impact. Using a revised Willingness to Intervene Against Suicide Questionnaire (Aldrich et al., 2014), which treated the questionnaire as an interval level scale suitable for parametric analysis, researchers found statistically significant differences in pre-training willingness to intervene between male and female respondents as well as those who work in agriculture and those who do not. An analysis of those respondents who completed both pre- and post-training surveys indicated statistically significant growth of 0.21 logits in the willingness to intervene variable, as well as remarkable growth for male participants in comparison to female participants. Keywords: . Evaluation of suicide prevention program, Farmer suicide prevention, Rasch analysis, Willingness to intervene.
Exposure to Ergonomic Risk Factors to Veterinary Technicians at a Small Animal Clinic
Authors: Arias Oscar Ernesto , Proulx Joseph Anthony , Taveira Alvaro 
Published: January 2023

Highlights

Neck and shoulder discomfort found to be most prevalent in veterinary technicians.

REBA posture analysis identifies areas of significant risk and provides a benchmark for improvements.

Patient restraint and handling put veterinary technicians at significant risk for musculoskeletal disorders.

Continuous improvement through the implementation of engineering and administrative controls is mandatory.

Abstract. Research addressing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among veterinary technicians is limited. Veterinary technicians are exposed to several activities that require lifting and the adoption of non-neutral postures associated with WMSDs. It is essential to design interventions aimed at reducing WMSDs in this population. The goal of this study was to identify typical, prevalent work tasks that pose high ergonomic risk factors to veterinary technicians, as well as to determine the WMSD risk associated with the work tasks identified in order to implement interventions. A small-animal veterinary clinic in central Wisconsin was contacted for this study. Nine veterinary technicians and assistants participated in assessing musculoskeletal symptoms and identifying tasks with ergonomic risk factors. The tasks with a high count of risk factors were evaluated using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). All participants in this study experienced musculoskeletal discomfort in five or more body regions. They also reported being unable to perform work over the last 12 months due to WMSDs on shoulders, ankles, and feet (33%, n=3), neck and lower back (22%, n=2), and wrists, hands, hips, thighs, and knees 11% (n=1). One of the respondents reported no discomfort over the last seven days, while eight of them indicated discomfort in three or more body areas. Restraining and handling animals, sedation and recovery, and dental procedures were chosen for REBA analysis. Restraining and handling animals had a high-risk REBA score (ranging from 8 to 10). Sedation and recovery had a low to medium-risk REBA score (ranging from 3 to 5). Dental procedure recovery had a low to very high-risk REBA score (ranging from 2 to 11). Our findings suggest that most veterinary technicians come to work experiencing musculoskeletal discomfort and are exposed to significant WMSD risk levels when performing common tasks. This job assessment allows us to recommend administrative and engineering controls to reduce the risk of WMSDs associated with high-risk tasks. Keywords: Ergonomic risk factors, Musculoskeletal symptoms, Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Veterinary technicians, Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).
Multiple wavelength digital holography for freeform shape measurement and lens alignment
Authors: Kaván František , Psota Pavel , Lédl Vít , Matoušek Ondřej 
Published: January 2023

This paper introduces a technique for freeform optical surface measurements using digital holography with multiple discrete wavelengths or wavelength scans. This experimental arrangement, i.e., a Mach–Zehnder holographic profiler, is optimized to achieve maximal theoretical precision and is capable of measuring freeform diffuse surfaces. Moreover, the approach can also be used for diagnostics of precise placement of elements within optical systems.
Design of few-mode erbium-doped fiber with a low differential modal gain and weak coupling based on layered doping
Authors: Zhao Qi , Pei Li , Tang Jianjun , Wang Jianshuai , Zheng Jingjing , Li Jing , Ning Tigang 
Published: January 2023

A step index few-mode erbium-doped fiber (FM-EDF) for mode gain equalization is designed and proposed in this paper, which uses the layered-doping method to reduce the differential mode gain (DMG). The optimum structure of FM-EDF is obtained by adjusting the doping radius and doping concentration. When this structure is applied to a few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA), the DMG in the range of 1550–1565 nm is

∼

0.28

d
B

, and the DMG of the whole C-band is usually less than 0.5 dB. At the same time, the gain of each mode in 1530–1555 nm is

∼

20

d
B

, while the gain decreases gradually in the 1555–1565 nm due to the absorption characteristics of erbium ions. In addition, the minimum refractive index difference (

Δ

n

eff

)

between modes is

1.29

∗

1

0

−
3

due to the selection of the refractive index and radius of the fiber core, which will greatly reduce the coupling between modes in practical application. Tolerances in the fiber manufacturing process are also considered for reliable FM-EDFA performance. When the doping concentration or the doping radius changes based on the precise value, the DMG will increase to a certain extent. In general, the DMG can maintain a small value, which is beneficial to applications in optical communication systems.
Selecting plasmonic nanoshells for colorimetric sensors
Authors: Baltar Raphael M. S. M. , Farooq Sajid , de Araujo Renato E. 
Published: January 2023

In this work, the use of gold and silver nanoshells was evaluated as a starting point for the establishment of colorimetric sensor platforms. The sensitivity and linearity of the nanoplatforms (SiO2 core–metallic shell nanoparticles) were assessed under the influence of the nanoshell configuration, color space, and light source illuminant. A computational procedure for selecting high-performance plasmonic colorimetric sensor platforms is described. The evaluation methodology involves considering five different color spaces and 15 different color components. By exploring crucial figures of merit for sensing, the performance of the plasmonic nanoplatforms was evaluated, exploring Mie theory. We determined that gold nanoshells are highly efficient on colorimetric sensing, while silver nanoshells are a better choice for spectroscopic sensors. Plasmonic nanoplatforms based on nanoshells with 10 nm SiO2 core radii and 5 nm thick Au shells presented sensitivity values up to 4.70RIU−1, considering the hue angle of the HSV color space. Color variation of up to 40% was observed, due to the adsorption of a 10 nm thick molecular layer on the gold nanoshell surface. In the search for advances in colorimetric biosensors, the optimization approach used in this work can be extended to different nanostructures.
Association between obesity indicators and cardiometabolic disease in Chinese adults
Authors: Wu Jiang , Zou Li , Liu Yin , Yu Hanbing , Yin Hua , Zhong Lisheng , Liu Yifang , Fu Wenning , Zhang Shengchao 
Published: January 2023

Background
Obesity is an established risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. Different measurements of obesity with cardiometabolic disease have been compared in recent studies in Western countries. However, obesity-related criteria for the Chinese population differ from the standard World Health Organization guidelines, and similar research in Chinese adults is limited.

Measures
Data were obtained from a comprehensive intervention project involving a community population with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors in Shenzhen in 2015. A total of 4,000 participants (1,605 men and 2,395 women) with a mean age of 56.01±9.78 years were included in this study. Categorical data are reported as percentages, and continuous data are reported as mean ± standard deviation. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and neck circumference (NC) with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults.

Results
The participants had a mean BMI of 24.25±3.33 kg/m2, mean NC of 33.59±4.16 cm, and mean WC of 82.44±9.84 cm (men: 85.46±9.10 cm, women: 80.40±9.81 cm). Blood pressure, plasma glucose, and lipid levels in the BMI, WC, and NC groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). BMI, WC, and NC were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride and negatively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05), while the risk of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia increased with an increase in BMI, WC, and NC (p < 0.05). One SD of BMI, WC, and NC resulted in an increase of 41%, 22%, and 31% risk of hypertension; 45%, 34%, and 47% risk of diabetes; and 37%, 32%, and 23% risk of dyslipidemia, respectively.

Conclusions
Compared to BMI and NC, WC was more strongly associated with cardiometabolic diseases in Chinese adults.
Multizonal observational study conducted by clinical practitioners on evolocumab use in subjects with hyperlipidemia in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait: Results from the ZERBINI study
Authors: Al Faraidy Khalid , Akbar Mousa , Shehri Mohamed , Aljarallah Mohammad , Abdin Hussein Gamal , Dashti Raja , Al Qudaimi Ahmad , Al Nouri Fahad , Awan Zuhier , Essam Ahmed , Emara Alaa 
Published: January 2023

Objectives
Dyslipidemia is a prevalent condition with significant morbidity and mortality across the world, including in the Arabian Gulf. The present study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients receiving evolocumab in clinical practice.

Methods
ZERBINI was a multi-country, observational, retrospective/prospective study of subjects receiving evolocumab as part of routine clinical management of their hyperlipidemia. This regional publication reports on adult participants from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait who have had ≥1 dose of evolocumab before enrollment and ≤6 months’ prior exposure to evolocumab. Patient characteristics and treatment persistence data were collected in addition to baseline and follow-up data up to 12 months post-evolocumab initiation.

Results
Overall, 225 patients were included from two sites, Saudi Arabia (N = 155) and Kuwait (N = 70). Mean age was comparable across sites and most patients had baseline coronary artery disease and/or hypertension. Baseline LDL-C levels (mean ± SD 3.6 ± 1.4 mmol/L in Saudi Arabia, 3.1 ± 1.4 mmol/L in Kuwait) were reduced by approximately 57%–62% in the first 6 months after evolocumab initiation (1.5 ± 1.2 mmol/L in Saudi Arabia [n = 63], 1.2 ± 0.8 mmol/L in Kuwait [n = 28]). This decrease was maintained over the 12-month follow-up period. Most patients achieved ACC 2018 LDL-C goals (<1.8 mmol/L; 74.6% in Saudi Arabia, 93.1% in Kuwait) and ESC 2019 LDL-C goals (<1.4 mmol/L; 66.7% in Saudi Arabia, 75.9% in Kuwait) in the first 6 months after evolocumab initiation. Medication persistence with evolocumab was high (up to 90.7%). Evolocumab had a favorable safety profile and no treatment-emergent adverse events were observed at either site.

Conclusion
Evolocumab is an effective lipid-lowering treatment in local populations. LDL-C goal achievement is increased when evolocumab is added to background lipid-lowering therapy with high tolerability and persistence. Long-term follow-up and large-scale data are needed to further support these observations.
Pathogen reduction of monkeypox virus in plasma and whole blood using riboflavin and UV light
Authors: Ragan Izabela K. , Hartson Lindsay M. , Sullivan Elizabeth J. , Bowen Richard A. , Goodrich Raymond P. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Monkeypox virus has recently emerged from endemic foci in Africa and, since October 20, 2022, more than 73,000 human infections have been reported by the CDC from over 100 countries that historically have not reported monkeypox cases. The detection of virus in skin lesions, blood, semen, and saliva of infected patients with monkeypox infections raises the potential for disease transmission via routes that have not been previously documented, including by blood and plasma transfusions. Methods for protecting the blood supply against the threats of newly emerging disease agents exist and include Pathogen Reduction Technologies (PRT) which utilize photochemical treatment processes to inactivate pathogens in blood while preserving the integrity of plasma and cellular components. Such methods have been employed broadly for over 15 years, but effectiveness of these methods under routine use conditions against monkeypox virus has not been reported.

Study design and methods
Monkeypox virus (strain USA_2003) was used to inoculate plasma and whole blood units that were then treated with riboflavin and UV light (Mirasol Pathogen Reduction Technology System, Terumo BCT, Lakewood, CO). The infectious titers of monkeypox virus in the samples before and after riboflavin + UV treatment were determined by plaque assay on Vero cells.

Results
The levels of spiked virus present in whole blood and plasma samples exceeded 103 infectious particles per dose, corresponding to greater than 105 DNA copies per mL. Treatment of whole blood and plasma units under standard operating procedures for the Mirasol PRT System resulted in complete inactivation of infectivity to the limits of detection. This is equivalent to a reduction of ≥ 2.86 +/- 0.73 log10 pfu/mL of infectivity in whole blood and ≥ 3.47 +/-0.19 log10 pfu/mL of infectivity in plasma under standard operating conditions for those products.

Conclusion
Based on this data and corresponding studies on infectivity in patients with monkeypox infections, use of Mirasol PRT would be expected to significantly reduce the risk of transfusion transmission of monkeypox.