bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Ultrafast Image Simulation Technique with Spatially Variable Point-spread Functions
Authors: Bai Zeyu , Jia Peng , Lv Jiameng , Zhang Xiang , Xiang Wennan , Nie Lin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Simulated images are essential in algorithm development and instrument testing for optical telescopes. During real observations, images obtained by optical telescopes are affected by spatially variable point-spread functions (PSFs), a crucial effect requiring accurate simulation. Traditional methods segment images into patches, convolve patches with individual PSFs, and reassemble them as a whole image. Although widely used, these approaches suffer from slow convolution processes and reduced image fidelity due to abrupt PSF transitions between different patches. This paper introduces a novel method for generating simulated images with spatial continuously varying PSFs. Our approach first decomposes original images into PSF basis derived with the principal component analysis method. The entire image is then convolved with this PSF basis to create image basis. Finally, we multiply the coefficients of image basis by the corresponding PSF basis for each pixel and add the multiplication results along each pixel to obtain the final simulated image. Our method could generate high-fidelity simulated images with spatially variable PSFs without boundary artifacts. The method proposed in this paper significantly improves the speed of astronomical image simulation, potentially advancing observational astronomy and instrumental development.
Boulder Migration in the Khonsu Region of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Authors: Tang Xiang , Shi Xian , El-Maarry Mohamed Ramy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The European Space Agency's Rosetta mission is the only space mission that has performed long-term monitoring of a comet at close distances. For over two years, Rosetta rendezvoused with comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, which revealed diverse evolutionary processes of the cometary nucleus. One of the most striking events is the migration of a ∼30 m boulder in the southern hemisphere region of Khonsu. Previous works found the boulder's ∼140 m displacement occurred during the three months from 2015 August to October, and several triggering mechanisms were proposed, including outburst at the boulder site, seismic vibrations from nearby activities, or surface erosion of the slope beneath the boulder. In this work, we further analyze this impressive event by analyzing imaging data from Rosetta's OSIRIS camera. We constrained the boulder's migration time to within 14 hr and derived a detailed timeline of the boulder migration event and local dust activities. High-resolution thermophysical modeling shows significant dichotomy in the thermal history of the boulder's southern and northern sides, which could have triggered or facilitated its migration via its own volatile activity.
Modeling High Mass X-Ray Binaries to Double Neutron Stars through Common Envelope Evolution
Authors: Nie Yu-Dong , Shao Yong , He Jian-Guo , Wei Ze-Lin , Xu Xiao-Jie , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present detailed evolutionary simulations of wide binary systems with high-mass (8–20 M
⊙) donor stars and a 1.4 M
⊙ neutron star. Mass transfer in such binaries is dynamically unstable, and common envelope (CE) evolution is followed. We use a recently developed prescription to deal with CE evolution and consider various CE ejection efficiencies varying in the range of 0.1–3.0. We focus on the evolutionary consequences of the binaries that survived CE evolution. We demonstrate that it is possible for the binaries to enter a CE decoupling phase (CEDP) when the donor stars are partially stripped, leaving a hydrogen envelope of ≲1.0–4.0 M
⊙ after CE evolution. This phase is expected to last ∼104–105 yr, during which mass transfer occurs stably via Roche lobe overflow with super-Eddington rates. Identification of some X-ray binaries in a CEDP is important for the understanding of the physics of CE evolution itself, the origin of ultraluminous X-ray sources, and the recycling process of accreting pulsars. Also, we discuss the formation of double neutron stars and the occurrence of ultrastripped supernovae according to the results from our simulations. On the whole, the properties of post-CE binaries are sensitive to the options of CE ejection efficiencies.
The Origins of Lithium Enhancement in Polluted White Dwarfs
Authors: Kaiser Benjamin C. , Clemens J. Christopher , Blouin Simon , Dennihy Erik , Dufour Patrick , Hegedus Ryan J. , Reding Joshua S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The bulk abundances of exoplanetesimals can be measured when they are accreted by white dwarfs. Recently, lithium from the accretion of exoplanetesimals was detected in relatively high levels in multiple white dwarfs. There are presently three proposed hypotheses to explain the detection of excess lithium in white dwarf photospheres: Big Bang and Galactic nucleosynthesis, continental crust, and an exomoon formed from spalled ring material. We present new observations of three previously known lithium-polluted white dwarfs (WD J1824+1213, WD J2317+1830, and LHS 2534), and one with metal pollution without lithium (SDSS J1636+1619). We also present atmospheric model fits to these white dwarfs. We then evaluate the abundances of these white dwarfs and two additional lithium-polluted white dwarfs that were previously fit using the same atmospheric models (WD J1644-0449 and SDSS J1330+6435) in the context of the three extant hypotheses for explaining lithium excesses in polluted white dwarfs. We find Big Bang and Galactic nucleosynthesis to be the most plausible explanation of the abundances in WD J1644-0449, WD J1824+1213, and WD J2317+1830. SDSS J1330+6435 will require stricter abundances to determine its planetesimal’s origins, and LHS 2534, as presently modeled, defies all three hypotheses. We find the accretion of an exomoon formed from spalled ring material to be highly unlikely to be the explanation of the lithium excess in any of these cases.
Water Ice in the Edge-on Orion Silhouette Disk 114–426 from JWST NIRCam Images
Authors: Ballering Nicholas P. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Boyden Ryan D. , McCaughrean Mark J. , Gross Rachel E. , Pearson Samuel G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We examine images of the protoplanetary disk 114–426 with JWST/NIRCam in 12 bands. This large disk is oriented edge on with a dark midplane flanked by lobes of scattered light. The outer edges of the midplane are seen in silhouette against the Orion Nebula, providing a unique opportunity to study planet-forming material in absorption. We discover a dip in the scattered light of the disk at 3 μm—compelling evidence for the presence of water ice. The 3 μm dip is also seen in the silhouette of the disk, where we quantify the ice abundance with models of pure absorption and avoid the complications of disk scattering effects. We find grain ice-to-refractory mass ratios of up to ~0.2, maximum grain sizes of 0.25–5 μm, and a total dust plus ice mass of 0.46 M
⊕ in the silhouette region. We also discover excess absorption in the NIRCam bands that include the Paα line, suggesting there may be excited atomic hydrogen in the disk. Examining the morphology of the scattered light lobes reveals that they are laterally offset from each other and exhibit a brightness asymmetry that flips with wavelength—both evidence for a tilted inner disk in this system.
Interplay of Large-scale Drift and Turbulence in the Heliospheric Propagation of Solar Energetic Particles
Authors: Laitinen T. , Dalla S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The gradient and curvature of the Parker spiral interplanetary magnetic field give rise to curvature and gradient guiding-center drifts on cosmic rays (CRs). The plasma turbulence present in interplanetary space is thought to suppress the drifts; however, the extent to which they are reduced is not clear. We investigate the reduction of the drifts using a new analytic model of heliospheric turbulence where the dominant 2D component has both a wavevector and magnetic field vector normal to the Parker spiral, thus fulfilling the main criterion of 2D turbulence. We use full-orbit test-particle simulations of energetic protons in the modeled interplanetary turbulence, and analyze the mean drift velocity of the particles in heliolatitude. We release energetic proton populations of 10, 100, and 1000 MeV close to the Sun and introduce a new method to assess their drift. We compare the drift in the turbulent heliosphere to drift in a configuration without turbulence, and to theoretical estimates of drift reduction. We find that drifts are reduced by a factor 0.2–0.9 of that expected for the heliospheric configuration without turbulence. This corresponds to a much less efficient suppression than what is predicted by theoretical estimates, particularly at low proton energies. We conclude that guiding-center drifts are a significant factor for the evolution of CR intensities in the heliosphere, including the propagation of solar energetic particles in the inner heliosphere.
The First Exploration of the Correlations Between WISE 12 μm and CO Emission in Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Gao Yang , Wang Enci , Tan Qing-Hua , Davis Timothy A. , Liang Fu-Heng , Jiang Xue-Jian , Gai Ning , Jiao Qian , Shi DongDong , Feng Shuai , Tang Yanke , Li Shijie , Wang Yi-Fan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present the analysis of a comprehensive sample of 352 early-type galaxies using public data, to investigate the correlations between CO luminosities and mid-infrared luminosities observed by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We find strong correlations between both CO (1–0) and CO (2–1) luminosities and 12 μm luminosity, boasting a correlation coefficient greater than 0.9 and an intrinsic scatter smaller than 0.1 dex. The consistent slopes observed for the relationships of CO (1–0) and CO (2–1) suggest that the line ratio R21 lacks correlation with mid-infrared emission in early-type galaxies, which is significantly different from star-forming galaxies. Moreover, the slopes of L
CO(1−0)–L
12 μm and L
CO(2−1)–L
12 μm relations in early-type galaxies are steeper than those observed in star-forming galaxies. Given the absence of correlation with color, morphology, or specific star formation rate (sSFR), the correlation between deviations and the molecular gas mass surface density could be eliminated by correcting the possible 12 μm emission from old stars or adopting a systematically different α
CO. The latter, on average, is equivalent to adding a constant CO brightness density, specifically

2
.

8

−
0.6

+
0.8

[
K

km

s

−
1

]

and

4
.

4

−
1.4

+
2.2

[
K

km

s

−
1

]

for CO (1–0) and (2–1), respectively. These explorations will serve as useful tools for estimating the molecular gas content in gas-poor galaxies and understanding associated quenching processes.
Collisionless Tearing Instability in Relativistic Nonthermal Pair Plasma and Its Application to MHD Turbulence
Authors: Demidov Ivan , Lyubarsky Yuri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Collisionless tearing instability with a power-law distribution function in a relativistic pair plasma with a guide field is studied. When the current sheet is supported by plasma pressure, the tearing mode is suppressed as the particle spectrum hardens. In the force-free limit, the instability growth rate becomes independent of the particle spectrum. We apply these results to relativistic MHD turbulence, where magnetic energy greatly exceeds plasma rest energy, and derive an expression for the transverse size of turbulent eddies unstable to tearing mode. We also establish the critical plasma magnetization parameter above which charge starvation prevents the tearing instability. These results might be useful for developing more accurate models of particle acceleration in relativistic astrophysical sources.
Tidally Distorted Stars Are Triaxial Pulsators
Authors: Fuller Jim , Rappaport Saul , Jayaraman Rahul , Kurtz Don , Handler Gerald 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Stars in close binaries are tidally distorted, and this has a strong effect on their pulsation modes. We compute the mode frequencies and geometries of tidally distorted stars using perturbation theory, accounting for the effects of the Coriolis force and the coupling between different azimuthal orders m of a multiplet induced by the tidal distortion. For tidally coupled dipole pressure modes, the tidal coupling dominates over the Coriolis force and the resulting pulsations are “triaxial,” with each of the three modes in a multiplet “tidally tilted,” to be aligned with one of the three principal axes of the star. The observed amplitudes and phases of the dipole modes aligned orthogonal to the spin axis are modulated throughout the orbit, producing doublets in the power spectrum that are spaced by exactly twice the orbital frequency. Quadrupole modes have similar but slightly more complex behavior. This amplitude modulation allows for mode identification, which can potentially enable detailed asteroseismic analyses of tidally tilted pulsators. Pressure modes should exhibit this behavior in stellar binaries close enough to be tidally synchronized, while gravity modes should remain aligned with the star's spin axis. We discuss applications to various types of pulsating stars and the relationship between the tidal tilting of pulsations and the “single-sided” pulsations sometimes observed in very tidally distorted stars.
3D Localization of FRB 20190425A for Its Potential Host Galaxy and Implications
Authors: Qiang Da-Chun , You Zhi-Qiang , Yang Sheng , Zhu Zong-Hong , Chen Ting-Wan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are high-energy, short-duration phenomena in radio astronomy. Identifying their host galaxies can provide insights into their mysterious origins. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to identifying potential host galaxies in three-dimensional space. We use FRB 20190425A and GW190425 as examples to illustrate our method. Recently, due to spatial and temporal proximity, the potential association of GW190425 with FRB 20190425A has drawn attention, leading to the identification of a likely host galaxy, UGC 10667, albeit without confirmed kilonova emissions. We search for the host galaxy of FRB 20190425A with a full CHIME localization map. Regardless of the validity of the association between GW190425 and FRB 20190425A, we identify an additional potential host galaxy (SDSS J171046.84+212732.9) from the updated GLADE galaxy catalog, supplementing the importance of exploring the new volume. We employed various methodologies to determine the most probable host galaxy of GW190424 and FRB 20190425A, including a comparison of galaxy properties and constraints on their reported observation limits using various kilonova models. Our analysis suggests that current observations do not definitively identify the true host galaxy. Additionally, the kilonova models characterized by a gradual approach to their peak are contradicted by the observational upper limits of both galaxies. Although the absence of optical emission detection raises doubts, it does not definitively disprove the connection between the gravitational wave (GW) and FRB.
Ophthalmic Outcomes in Children With Spina Bifida Myelomeningocele in Ireland
Authors: O'Regan Shane , Dunne Michelle , Devitt Lauren , Murphy Treasa 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To investigate the ophthalmic complications associated with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM) in Irish children and to evaluate the impact of spinal lesion levels and shunt status on visual outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective audit was conducted on 129 children with SBM, examining visual acuity, refractive errors, strabismus, papilledema, optic atrophy, and cortical visual impairment (CVI). The median age of participants was 6.9 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 7.07), comprising 69 females (53.5%) and 60 males (46.5%). Data were analyzed using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests to assess associations between spinal lesion levels, shunt status, and visual outcomes.

Results

The majority of lesions were lumbar (60.47%), followed by sacral (20.16%), thoracic (18.60%), and occipital (0.78%). Ventriculoperitoneal shunts were present in 67.44% of participants. Most children had good visual acuity, with visual impairment observed in 18.2%. Significant refractive errors were present in 40.8% of cases, whereas strabismus was observed in 33.3% of patients, predominantly esotropia. Papilledema, optic atrophy, and CVI were present in 12.4%, 5.4%, and 4.7% of participants. Higher spinal lesion levels were significantly associated with worse visual acuity (
P
= .019), whereas ventriculoperitoneal shunt status was significantly associated with papilledema (
P
= .034) and significant refractive errors (
P
= .019). No significant associations were found for strabismus, optic atrophy, or CVI.

Conclusions
Ophthalmic complications such as refractive errors, strabismus, and visual impairment are common in children with SBM. The authors found that higher spinal lesions were associated with worse visual acuity. Shunt placement was also associated with a history of papilledema and higher rates of significant refractive error.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;XX(X):XXX–XXX.]
Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Fall Risk in Pre-Frail Older Adults
Authors: Jing Haiyan , Song Peiying , Yan Ziqing , Su Yupeng , Chen Yulan , Liang Bijuan , Kong Wenxuan , Cheng Liping 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To develop a predictive model for fall risk in pre-frail older adults, providing a basis for early identification and prevention of falls among this population.

Method
This was a multicenter prospective cohort study. A total of 473 pre-frail older adults were included, 335 as the training set and 142 as the test set. Univariate and stepwise binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the relationship between pre-frail and fall risk and establish the frailty risk prediction nomogram. The nomogram was constructed based on the results of logistic regression. The model assessment relied on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow test, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.

Results
Fall incidence rate among pre-frail older adults within 6 months was 13.63%. The final fall risk prediction model identified that sex, history of falls in the past year, visual impairment, increased nocturia, and fear of falling are the most critical risk factors for falls in pre-frail older adults. The model exhibited good accuracy in the testing set, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.825 (95% confidence interval [0.736, 0.914]).

Conclusion

Pre-frail older adults have a higher incidence of falls. The logistic regression model constructed in this study shows promising predictive capabilities and can be used as a screening tool to identify pre-frail older adults at high risk of falls in clinical practice. We anticipate that this model will assist clinical nurses in enhancing the efficiency of fall prevention efforts and reducing the incidence of falls among pre-frail older adults. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18
(1), 29–39.]
Femme, artiste et professeure à la Glasgow School of Art de 1885 à 1914 : une transmission au prisme du genre dans les cours d’arts décoratifs
Authors: Neyret-Tassan Sophie 
Published: January 2025

The Glasgow School of Art was founded in 1845. In 1885, when Francis Newbery became director, the school opened its doors to young girls and developed especially the decorative arts courses. His progressive policy fostered the influence of the GSA in Britain and throughout Europe, and influenced the teaching but also the women’s place in the art world. In order to better understand the stakes of this evolution, it is necessary to identify who were these female professors but also the conditions of transmission and for which audience these courses were intended. Finally, it will be necessary to determine the consequences of this educational opening on the careers of these women.
Narration et attention : qualités non expertes du travail de la relation
Authors: Hardy Anne-France , Eneau Jérôme 
Published: January 2025

Longtemps promu au rang des responsabilités individuelles, l’état de santé de chacun a évolué à la faveur d’une « acception biopsychosociale » conduisant l’OMS (1994) à promouvoir le développement des compétences psychosociales facilitant le maintien de son équilibre. Ces recommandations marquent ces dernières années l’évolution des pratiques d’éducation et de préventions adressées aux jeunes et déterminent le processus d’une promotion de la santé visant le développement d’activités et de méthodes favorables aux capacités quotidiennes d’accomplissements individuelles et collectives. Dans l’intention d’objectiver et de rendre visible la réalité de ces compétences, notre enquête, menée selon le postulat de la théorie ancrée, articule l’hypothèse performative de leur développement aux soubassements théoriques de la médecine narrative. A partir d’une méthodologie coopérative pensée selon l’éthique de care, elle évalue le pouvoir du récit dédié au soin de soi, et revient pour finir sur l’importance de l’attention et des qualités non expertes que suscite ce travail de la relation.
« Lugubres démêlés des trois couleurs [...] sous le régime de la liberté » ou le plaidoyer de Barbault-Royer, 1796
Authors: Krief Huguette 
Published: January 2025

Barbault‑Royer, journaliste ardent républicain, s’est engagé dans les controverses politiques autour de la question coloniale sous le Directoire en publiant son témoignage sous le titre Du gouvernement de Saint-Domingue, de Laveaux, de Villatte, des agents du Directoire (1796). Ce texte est particulièrement éclairant sur le « préjugé de couleur » qui s’est développé dans les Caraïbes. L’auteur qui est lui-même métis y dénonce les brutalités, voire les crimes perpétrés contre la communauté « mulâtre » de Saint-Domingue. Comment sa foi en la liberté et son idéal d’intégration républicaine se trouvent-ils ébranlés par les réalités du terrain ?
Pierre Dumontellier, colon patriote de Saint-Domingue entre deux révolutions (1791-1794)
Authors: Faux Pierre-Emmanuel 
Published: January 2025

Entre 1791 et 1794, Pierre Dumontellier, un colon pris entre la Révolution française et la Révolution de Saint-Domingue, écrit une cinquantaine de lettres pour soutenir les patriotes de la colonie. Cette correspondance fait état de sa loyauté à la Révolution française et donne une place importante à ses idées et à ses symboles. Pour autant, Dumontellier s’oppose souvent aux autorités révolutionnaires et aux lois de l’Assemblée nationale. Ses lettres et son parcours nous permettent d’étudier l’ambiguïté au cœur de l’activisme des patriotes de Saint-Domingue : soutiens revendiqués à la fois de la Révolution française et de l’autonomie politique et commerciale de la colonie, ils s’opposent aux droits politiques des hommes de couleur libres. En adaptant les discours métropolitains au contexte colonial, la correspondance de Dumontellier souligne l’importance de la culture politique coloniale et des enjeux spécifiquement coloniaux dans la Révolution de Saint-Domingue.