bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of scabies in Michigan during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Olsen E. , Tejasvi T. , Nakamura M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBy March of 2020, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) had spread to 72 countries and was designated as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, leading to government policies enacted to keep citizens at home to reduce the spread of disease. Infectious dermatoses such as scabies are often spread by prolonged contact with infected skin. This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and associated lockdown procedures on the incidence of scabies in the population of Southeast Michigan through a single‐centre retrospective chart review.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and associated lockdown procedures on the incidence of scabies in Southeast Michigan.MethodsThe number of patients diagnosed with scabies at Michigan Medicine outpatient Dermatology clinics from March 2012 to March 2022 was determined. Incidence of scabies diagnosis was compared between years before lockdown to after lockdown.ResultsThere was a statistically significant decrease in the proportion of total dermatology patients diagnosed with scabies at our institution from March 2020 through March 2022 compared with March 2012 through March 2020.ConclusionsThese results differ from trends previously reported in European populations. Although the reason for this disparity in incidence of scabies is unclear, contributing factors may include restrictions on visitor policies and inter‐resident contact in long‐term care facilities, use of ivermectin to treat COVID‐19, and temporary closure of daycare centres.
Weather conditions affecting white‐tailed deer harvest in Iowa
Authors: Elliott Jace R. , Harms Tyler M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWeather conditions, such as temperature and precipitation, likely influence white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) activity and hunter participation, both of which are major factors contributing to deer harvest. Because harvest is often used to manage white‐tailed deer population trends and guide management decisions, understanding how certain abiotic factors may bias such data is important. We examined the effects of weather on deer harvest during the Iowa, USA, firearms seasons from 2006–2021 using a generalized mixed‐effects linear model. Weather conditions during the hunting season were related to overall deer harvest. Specifically, deer harvest was positively correlated with snowfall on opening day and negatively correlated with average minimum temperature, average snow depth, rainfall on opening day, and number of rainfall and snowfall days. Abiotic factors have the ability to substantially influence deer harvest. Because many white‐tailed deer population models use harvest data, incorporating the effects of weather variability into such models may substantially improve population estimates. Our study provides a compelling case for considering hunting season weather conditions when interpreting harvest data as a population index for white‐tailed deer. The results of this study also demonstrate potential for retrospective modeling of past harvest rates and incorporating the effects of abiotic factors on harvest into future age‐based population models.
Patient transfer from intensive care units to general wards: An exploratory qualitative study of ward nurses' experiences of patient safety
Authors: Nikolaisen Mette Kure , Fridh Stina , Olsen Brita Fosser 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimPatient transfer from intensive care units (ICUs) to general wards is a routine part of hospital care. However, if the transfer is not optimal, it can result in increased readmissions to the ICU, increased stress and discomfort for the patient and, thus, a threat to patient safety. The aim of this study was to explore how general ward nurses experience patient safety during patient transfers from ICUs to general wards.DesignA qualitative design based on a phenomenological approach was used.MethodsTwo focus group interviews were conducted with a total of eight nurses from a medical ward and a surgical ward at one hospital in Norway. The data were analysed using systematic text condensation.ResultsThe nurses' experiences of patient safety during patient transfer had four themes: (1) the importance of preparedness; (2) the importance of the handover of information; (3) stress and a lack of resources and (4) a feeling of two different worlds.ConclusionIn order to promote patient safety, the informants highlighted the importance of being well prepared for transfer, and to have optimal handover of information. Stress, lack of resources and a feeling of two different worlds may pose threats to patient safety.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareWe suggest several intervention studies testing the effect of intervention improving patient safety during the transfer process are designed, and that increased knowledge in this area is used to develop local practice recommendations.Patient or Public ContributionThe participants of this study were nurses and this contribution has been explained in the Data collection section. There was no patient contribution in this study.
Methods to characterize the crystal polymorphs of polyvinylidene fluoride using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Mireja Shubham , Khakhar Devang V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a polymer with three common crystal polymorphs (α, β, γ), has several practically useful properties, including piezoelectric properties. Accurate measurement of its crystalline polymorphs is important since only the β phase has the desired piezo properties. PVDF was processed into isotropic samples having predominantly α, β, and γ crystalline phases. These samples were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR spectra were fitted with the Gaussian peaks for quantitative analysis of the phases. Peaks exclusive to the amorphous phase were identified and used for the amorphous phase quantification, leading to the accurate determination of the crystalline fraction. IR absorption coefficients for their respective peaks were calculated to quantify individual crystalline polymorphs in the sample. Pure phase spectra were extracted, and a linear combination of the pure phase spectra was fitted to the spectrum of a sample with different phases to accurately obtain the values of the phase fraction and the thickness of the sample.
Poly(ester amide)s from biomass‐based 3,4‐dihydrocoumarine through Meldrum's acid mediated ketene chemistry
Authors: Fan Zhang‐Jun , Liu Ying‐Ling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMeldrum's acid mediated ketene chemistry (MAMKC) is applied to synthesis of poly(ester amide)s in this work. An MA‐functionalized phenolic amide compound (MA_PhOH‐Am) is synthesized from the reaction between a MA‐functionalized amine and 3,4‐dihydrocoumarine (DHC, a biomass‐based chemical) through amine‐lactone addition reaction. Polymerization of MA_PhOH‐Am results in the corresponding poly(ester amide) (P(Es‐Am)), through MA thermolysis reaction (generating the corresponding ketene groups) and ketene‐phenol addition reaction. Both MA_PhOH‐Am and P(Es‐Am) have been characterized with spectral methods and thermal analysis. P(Es‐Am) has an inherent viscosity of 0.49 dL g−1, a molecular weight of 76,500 Da, a glass transition temperature of 145°C (tanδ peak in dynamic mechanical analysis), a thermal stability of about 320°C, and a storage modulus at 50°C of 1.0 GPa. In the stress–strain measurement, P(Es‐Am) exhibits a Young's modulus, a tensile strength, and an elongation at break of 10.6 ± 0.7 GPa, 165 ± 40 MPa, and 1.83 ± 0.41%, respectively. An effective approach for the synthesis of high‐performance poly(ester amide)s has been demonstrated.
Copanlisib population pharmacokinetics from phase I–III studies and exposure–response relationships in combination with rituximab
Authors: Morcos Peter N. , Moss Jonathan , Austin Rupert , Hiemeyer Florian , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Beckert Vita , Mongay Soler Lidia , Childs Barrett H. , Garmann Dirk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCopanlisib dose selection was established under the maximum tolerated dose paradigm, and no dedicated dose‐finding studies have investigated copanlisib dose selection when used in combination with rituximab. In CHRONOS‐3, copanlisib plus rituximab demonstrated significantly improved progression‐free survival versus placebo plus rituximab in patients with relapsed indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). We conducted a comprehensive investigation of copanlisib population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) from a pooled analysis of 712 patients across nine copanlisib phase I–III studies and exposure–response (ER) relationships for efficacy and safety from the 1‐year follow‐up of CHRONOS‐3. PopPK analyses examined the impact of demographic, laboratory, and comedication covariates on copanlisib between‐patient PK variability. Individual static and time‐varying exposure estimates were derived to investigate exposure–efficacy and exposure–safety relationships. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses examined ER relationships with consideration of predefined potentially prognostic demographic‐, laboratory‐, and/or disease‐related baseline covariates. Copanlisib PK were best described by a three‐compartment model with first‐order elimination. Individual identified covariates had modest effects on copanlisib PK and were generally in line with known copanlisib disposition properties. In CHRONOS‐3, ER analyses showed a significant relationship between time‐varying exposure estimates and progression‐free survival, and no significant exposure–safety relationships. Thus, lower copanlisib doses may result in reduced efficacy but not necessarily improved safety or tolerability. These outcomes substantiate the current intermittent dosing regimen of copanlisib 60 mg on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28‐day cycle and support the observed clinical results of copanlisib in combination with rituximab in the iNHL population.
Prescribed performance tracking control for adjacent virtual coupling high‐speed trains with input saturation
Authors: Huang Deqing , Jia Yuqi , Li Xuefang , Zhu Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present work, targeting at the perfect coupled tasks of two adjacent high‐speed trains under the virtual coupling tracking processes, a novel prescribed performance tracking control method is developed, where both the system uncertainties and the actuator constraints are taken into account. Notice that by utilizing a novel error conversion method, the singularity problem may occur in the prescribed performance control could be avoided, while the input constraints are also satisfied by using a smooth function to approximate the non‐smooth input saturation function. The system uncertainties are estimated by adopting the radial basis function neural network. Different with existing works, the initial speeds of the adjacent trains can be nonidentical. Furthermore, the stability of the proposed controller is rigorously analyzed under the framework of Lyapunov theory. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, three different uncoupled cases are considered, where the corresponding tracking processes from coupling to completely coupled are described in details.
Suppressing Excess Lead Iodide Aggregation and Reducing N‐Type Doping at Perovskite/HTL Interface for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cao Kun , Zhu Jiajun , Wu Yupei , Ge Mengru , Zhu Yuxuan , Qian Jie , Wang Yulong , Hu Kaiwen , Lu Jianfeng , Shen Wei , Liu Lihui , Chen Shufen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExcess lead iodide (PbI2) aggregation at the charge carrier transport interface leads to energy loss and acts as unstable origins in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a strategy is reported to modulate the interfacial excess PbI2 by introducing π‐conjugated small‐molecule semiconductors 4,4'‐cyclohexylbis[N,N‐bis(4‐methylphenyl)aniline] (TAPC) into perovskite films through an antisolvent addition method. The coordination of TAPC to PbI units through the electron‐donating triphenylamine groups and π‐Pb2+ interactions allows for a compact perovskite film with reduced excess PbI2 aggregates. Besides, preferred energy level alignment is achieved due to the suppressed n‐type doping effect at the hole transport layer (HTL) interfaces. As a result, the TAPC‐modified PSC based on Cs0.05(FA0.85MA0.15)0.95Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3 triple‐cation perovskite achieved an improved PCE from 18.37% to 20.68% and retained ≈90% of the initial efficiency after 30 days of aging under ambient conditions. Moreover, the TAPC‐modified device based on FA0.95MA0.05PbI2.85Br0.15 perovskite produced an improved efficiency of 23.15% compared to the control (21.19%). These results provide an effective strategy for improving the performance of PbI2‐rich PSCs.
Stone–Wales Defect in Graphene
Authors: Tiwari Santosh K. , Pandey Sarvesh Kumar , Pandey Raunak , Wang Nannan , Bystrzejewski Michał , Mishra Yogendra Kumar , Zhu Yanqiu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract2D graphene the most investigated structures from nanocarbon family studied in the last three decades. It is projected as an excellent material useful for quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and next generation advanced technologies. Graphene exists in several forms and its extraordinary thermal, mechanical, and electronic properties, principally depend on the kind of perfection of the hexagonal atomic lattice. Defects are always considered as undesired components but certain defects in graphene could be an asset for electrochemistry and quantum electronics due to the engineered electronclouds and quantum tunnelling. The authors carefully discuss the Stone‐Wales imperfections in graphene and its derivatives comprehensively. A specific emphasis is focused on the experimental and theoretical aspects of the Stone‐Wales defects in graphene with respect to structure‐property relationships. The corroboration of extrinsic defects like external atomic doping, functionalization, edge distortion in the graphene consisting of Stone‐Wales imperfections, which are very significant in designing graphene‐based electronic devices, are summarized.
Wide‐Potential‐Window Bimetallic Hydrated Eutectic Electrolytes with High‐Temperature Resistance for Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Wen Meichen , Yang Chao , Liu Qifan , Qiu Jianhui , Zang Limin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors (ZHCs) are considered ideal energy‐storage devices. However, the common aqueous Zn2+‐containing electrolytes used in ZHCs often cause parasitic reactions during charging–discharging owing to free water molecules. Hydrated eutectic electrolytes (HEEs) that bind water molecules through solvation shells and hydrogen bonds can be applied at high temperatures and within a wide potential window. This study reports a novel bimetallic HEE (ZnK–HEE), consisting of zinc chloride, potassium chloride, ethylene glycol, and water, which enhances the capacity and electrochemical reaction kinetics of ZHCs. The bimetallic solvation shell in ZnK‐HEE is studied by molecular dynamics and density functional theory, confirming its low step‐by‐step desolvation energy. A Zn//activated carbon ZHC in ZnK–HEE shows a high operating voltage of 2.1 V, along with an ultrahigh capacity of 326.9 mAh g−1, power density of 2099.7 W kg–1, and energy density of 343.2 Wh kg–1 at 100 °C. The reaction mechanisms of charging–discharging process are investigated by ex situ X‐ray diffraction. This study reports a promising electrolyte for high‐performance ZHCs, which exhibits high‐temperature resistance and is operable within a wide potential window.
Amino‐Functionalized Interfacial Layer Enables an Ultra‐Uniform Amorphous Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Based Batteries
Authors: Kang Lingzhi , Zheng Jiale , Yue Ke , Yuan Huadong , Luo Jianmin , Wang Yao , Liu Yujing , Nai Jianwei , Tao Xinyong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAqueous rechargeable zinc‐based batteries (ZBBs) are emerging as desirable energy storage systems because of their high capacity, low cost, and inherent safety. However, the further application of ZBBs still faces many challenges, such as the issues of uncontrolled dendrite growth and severe parasitic reactions occurring at the Zn anode. Herein, an amino‐grafted bacterial cellulose (NBC) film is prepared as artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for the Zn metal anodes, which can significantly reduce zinc nucleation overpotential and lead to the dendrite‐free deposition of Zn metal along the (002) crystal plane more easily without any external stimulus. More importantly, the chelation between the modified amino groups and zinc ions can promote the formation of an ultra‐even amorphous SEI upon cycling, reducing the activity of hydrate ions, and inhibiting the water‐induced side reactions. As a result, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell with NBC film exhibits lower overpotential and higher cyclic stability. When coupled with the V2O5 cathode, the practical pouch cell achieves superior electrochemical performance over 1000 cycles.
Interactions between self‐regulated learning and assessment for learning in an undergraduate introductory computer science course
Authors: Chen Peggy P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany introductory computer science (CS) courses are intended to address the increased demand for computer literacy and the development of cross‐cutting concepts and practices of computational thinking (CT). Colleges and universities offer introductory CS courses every semester toward this end. The issue is centered on how to support CT learning in a large introductory CS course. To do it, an introductory CS course was designed to enrich CT by embedding short episodes of assessments to facilitate learning (AfL) and to support students’ self‐regulated learning (SRL). This chapter begins by articulating the intricacies of the underlying processes of SRL, principles of AfL, and computational thinking practices in CS. Using the undergraduate introductory CS course referred to above, key practices of SRL and AfL will be illustrated to demonstrate how student learning of CS programming is structured with various online and offline supports. The chapter then concludes by appraising aspects of this CS course with practical suggestions for supporting student SRL and their learning of CS programming.
A Glimmer of Hope for Tomorrow: Conversations with the 2022 Social Justice Literature Award Winners
Authors: Dunkerly Judith M. , Moffit Char 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAgainst a backdrop of legislation aimed at classroom book bannings and efforts to whitewash curriculum, this article draws from interviews with the winners of the 2022 International Literacy Association's Social Justice Literature Award winners to offer hope and inspiration for literacy teachers, researchers, and most importantly, young readers. Utilizing a World Cafe approach, the authors of this article talk with the award winners about their personal stories, the origins of these social justice books, and their message for students, teachers, and caregivers in these tumultuous times. It concludes with a discussion of the use of social justice texts in the classroom and the importance of the continued need for diverse representation in children's and young adult literature.
Superstructures and Chemical Bonding in Rare Earth Metal Polytellurides RETe2‐δ (RE=La−Nd; Sm−Tm; 0≤δ≤0.2)
Authors: Doert Thomas , Poddig Hagen , Finzel Kati 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolychalcogenides REX2‐δ (X=S, Se, Te; 0≤δ≤0.2) of trivalent rare earth metals RE have been investigated in recent years to shed light on the structural diversity as a function of compositional, metric, thermodynamic, and electronic situation. Whereas the former aspects have comparable influence on the structures of all polychalcogenides REX2‐δ, the bonding situation was assumed different for tellurides due to tellurium's higher tendency to delocalize electrons. The crystal structures generally contain puckered [REX] double slabs and planar [X] layers, the latter hosting different distortions from a square‐like arrangement. The distortion patterns of sulfides and selenides can be understood by a Zintl‐type approach; they are dominated by localization of valence electrons in mono‐ (X2−) or dinuclear (X22−) anions only. This review discusses crystal structures of some rare‐earth metal polytellurides RETe2‐δ (0≤δ≤0.2) and bonding features in the chalcogenide layers and relates them to their sulfide and selenide counterparts.
Tip, Shoot, Root, and Regeneration Pests
Authors: Coyle David R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTree branches, shoot tips, and fine roots, are high in nutritive value and generally have comparatively lower amounts of defensive compounds than older tissues. These tree tissues are utilized by many different insect pests around the world. In some cases, these pests can cause loss of tissues, deformation, or even tree death. Many of these pests are native to the region in which they typically damage trees, and their damage is often confined to stressed or dying trees. However, sometimes these and other such pests can be non-native or even invasive, and can impact trees in new areas. Several tip, shoot, and root pests—typically coleopterans, heteropterans, and lepidopterans—can affect pines and hardwoods, both established trees and newly planted ones. In some cases, effective management strategies have been determined, while in others we know very little about potential management. This chapter will highlight several case studies from around the world where insect pests have impacted tree tips, roots, shoots, and/or regeneration. The causal agent will be discussed, as will any management strategies. Ultimately, careful monitoring and reporting can help forest managers be prepared for damage from these pests, and proper forest management will help ensure forests are resilient and resistant to insect pest damage.
Monitoring and Surveillance of Forest Insects
Authors: Brockerhoff Eckehard G. , Corley Juan C. , Jactel Hervé , Miller Daniel R. , Rabaglia Robert J. , Sweeney Jon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMonitoring of insect populations is widely used in forest entomology in the context of biodiversity studies, as an aspect of pest management, and for the detection and surveillance of non-native invasive species. In particular, monitoring is undertaken to obtain information on the presence or abundance of particular species, to study their phenology (e.g. the time of oviposition or flight periods), to predict pest population size, spread and damage, or to determine if pest management activities are required. A wide variety of methods are being used for these purposes including physical surveys, the use of insect traps, molecular methods, as well as aerial surveys and remote sensing. This chapter focusses on some of the more important methods to provide an overview of the objectives and applications of monitoring and surveillance of forest insects. The principles of each method and common uses are explained and illustrated with case studies on prominent forest insects including the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa), the Sirex wood wasp (Sirex noctilio), spongy moth (Lymantria dispar), bark beetles such asIps typographus, and the brown spruce longhorn beetle (Tetropium fuscum). The chapter also explores statistical considerations and issues such as imperfect relationships between trap catch and the local population size of target species. Niche methods that are not widely used but have strengths in some situations (e.g. detector dogs for detection ofAnoplophora glabripennisand other invasive species) or are still in development (e.g. e-noses and acoustic detection) are also discussed.