bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEAT—Named Entities in Archaeological Texts: A semantic approach to term extraction and classification
Authors: di Buono Maria Pia , Nolano Gennaro , Monti Johanna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The lack of annotated datasets affects the development of Natural Language Processing applications and heavily impacts the access to textual data, in particular for specific domains and specific languages. In this paper, we propose a methodology to annotate texts concerning domain-specific knowledge, to provide a reliable source of data for the task of Named Entity Recognition (NER) in the domain of archaeology for the Italian laguage. This method integrates syntactic and semantic information from several structured sources to annotate entities’ mentions in unstructured texts. Furthermore, we make use of an ontology to label entities with the specific type they refer to. By using a corpus made up of item descriptions from Europeana’s Archaeology Collection, we first test our proposed methodology on a mock dataset composed of 1,000 texts. After several steps of improvements, we use the final process to create a complete dataset composed of 5,000 descriptions. The resulting dataset, Named Entities in Archaeological Texts has a total of 41,002 spans of texts annotated with their domain-specific entity classification according to the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model.
Population of ground and lowest excited states of sulfur via the dissociative recombination of SH+ in the diffuse interstellar medium
Authors: Boffelli J , Gauchet F , Kashinski D O , Talbi D , Hickman A P , Chakrabarti K , Bron E , Orbán A , Mezei J Zs , Schneider I F 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Our previous study on dissociative recombination of ground state SH+ through 2Π states of SH is extended by taking into account the contribution of 4Π states recently explored by quantum chemistry methods. Multichannel quantum defect theory is employed for the computation of cross sections and rate coefficients for dissociative recombination, but also for vibrational excitation. Furthermore, we produce the atomic yields resulting from recombination, quantifying the generation of sulfur atoms in their ground (3P) and lowest excited (1D) states, respectively.
Polarization of fast radio bursts: radiation mechanisms and propagation effects
Authors: Qu Yuanhong , Zhang Bing 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are observed to be highly polarized. Most have high linear polarization but a small fraction shows significant circular polarization. We systematically investigate a variety of polarization mechanisms of FRBs within the magnetar theoretical framework considering two emission sites inside and outside the magnetosphere. For each site, we discuss both intrinsic radiation mechanisms and propagation effects. Inside the magnetosphere, we investigate the polarization properties of both coherent curvature radiation and inverse Compton scattering by charged bunches and conclude that both mechanisms produce 100 per cent linear polarization at an on-axis geometry but can produce circular polarization if the viewing angle is off axis. The lack of circular polarization for the majority of bursts requires that the bunches have a large transverse dimension size. Resonant cyclotron absorption within magnetosphere may produce high circular polarization if electrons and positrons have an asymmetric Lorentz factor distribution. Outside the magnetosphere, the synchrotron maser emission mechanism in general produces highly linearly polarized emission. Circular polarization would appear at off-beam angles but the flux is greatly degraded and such bursts are not detectable at cosmological distances. Synchrotron absorption in a nebula with ordered magnetic field may reduce the circular polarization degree. Cyclotron absorption in a strongly magnetized medium may generate significant circular polarization. Faraday conversion in a medium with field reversal can convert one polarization mode to another. The two absorption processes require stringent physical conditions. Significant Faraday conversion may be realized in a magnetized dense environment involving binary systems or supernova remnants.
A systematic survey of millimetre-wavelength flaring variability of young stellar objects in the Orion Nebula Cluster
Authors: Vargas-González J , Forbrich J , Rivilla V M , Menten K M , Güdel M , Hacar A 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
High-energy processes are ubiquitous even in the earliest stages of protostellar evolution. Motivated by the results of our systematic search for intense centimetre radio flares in Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) and by rare findings of strong millimetre-wavelength variability, we have conducted a systematic search for such variability in the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) using Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA). Rapid variability on time-scales of minutes to hours in the (centimetre) millimetre-wavelength range indicates (gyro)synchrotron radiation. Additionally, mass accretion will also affect the millimetre-wavelength luminosity but typically on longer time-scales. Beyond studies of individual YSOs, our characterization of strong millimetre-wavelength variability with ALMA in the ONC sets first systematic constraints on the occurrence of such variability in a large number of YSOs (∼130). We report the discovery of an order of magnitude millimetre-flare within just a few minutes from a known YSO previously reported as a radio flaring source at cm-wavelengths (the ‘ORBS’ source). We also present an assessment of the systematic variability effects caused by the use of time-sliced imaging of a complex region. These are mostly due to the impact of a changing synthesized beam throughout the observations. We use simulated ALMA observations to reproduce and quantify these effects, and set a lower limit for the variability that can be studied using our method in a complex region such as the ONC. Our results demonstrate that the utility of time domain analysis of YSOs extends into the millimetre-wavelength range, potentially interfering with the conversion of observed fluxes into dust masses.
The optical behaviour of BL Lacertae at its maximum brightness levels: a blend of geometry and energetics
Authors: Raiteri C M , Villata M , Jorstad S G , Marscher A P , Acosta Pulido J A , Carosati D , Chen W P , Joner M D , Kurtanidze S O , Lorey C , Marchini A , Matsumoto K , Mirzaqulov D O , Savchenko S S , Strigachev A , Vince O , Aceti P , Apolonio G , Arena C , Arkharov A , Bachev R , Bader N , Banfi M , Bonnoli G , Borman G A , Bozhilov V , Brown L F , Carbonell W , Carnerero M I , Damljanovic G , Dhiman V , Ehgamberdiev S A , Elsaesser D , Feige M , Gabellini D , Galán D , Galli G , Gaur H , Gazeas K , Grishina T S , Gupta A C , Hagen-Thorn V A , Hallum M K , Hart M , Hasuda K , Heidemann K , Horst B , Hou W-J , Ibryamov S , Ivanidze R Z , Jovanovic M D , Kimeridze G N , Kishore S , Klimanov S , Kopatskaya E N , Kurtanidze O M , Kushwaha P , Lane D J , Larionova E G , Leonini S , Lin H C , Mannheim K , Marino G , Minev M , Modaressi A , Morozova D A , Mortari F , Nazarov S V , Nikolashvili M G , Otero Santos J , Ovcharov E , Papini R , Pinter V , Privitera C A , Pursimo T , Reinhart D , Roberts J , Romanov F D , Rosenlehner K , Sakamoto T , Salvaggio F , Schoch K , Semkov E , Seufert J , Shakhovskoy D , Sigua L A , Singh C , Steineke R , Stojanovic M , Tripathi T , Troitskaya Y V , Troitskiy I S , Tsai A , Valcheva A , Vasilyev A A , Vrontaki K , Weaver Z R , Wooley J H F , Zaharieva E , Zhovtan A V 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
In 2021 BL Lacertae underwent an extraordinary activity phase, which was intensively followed by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) Collaboration. We present the WEBT optical data in the BVRI bands acquired at 36 observatories around the world. In mid-2021 the source showed its historical maximum, with R = 11.14. The light curves display many episodes of intraday variability, whose amplitude increases with source brightness, in agreement with a geometrical interpretation of the long-term flux behaviour. This is also supported by the long-term spectral variability, with an almost achromatic trend with brightness. In contrast, short-term variations are found to be strongly chromatic and are ascribed to energetic processes in the jet. We also analyse the optical polarimetric behaviour, finding evidence of a strong correlation between the intrinsic fast variations in flux density and those in polarization degree, with a time delay of about 13 h. This suggests a common physical origin. The overall behaviour of the source can be interpreted as the result of two mechanisms: variability on time-scales greater than several days is likely produced by orientation effects, while either shock waves propagating in the jet, or magnetic reconnection, possibly induced by kink instabilities in the jet, can explain variability on shorter time-scales. The latter scenario could also account for the appearance of quasi-periodic oscillations, with periods from a few days to a few hours, during outbursts, when the jet is more closely aligned with our line of sight and the time-scales are shortened by relativistic effects.
Ramucirumab Plus Docetaxel for Patients with Non-small cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastases: A Multicenter, Open-Label Single-Arm Phase II Trial
Authors: Tanimura Keiko , Uchino Junji , Kimura Hideharu , Hiranuma Osamu , Chihara Yusuke , Tanzawa Shigeru , Takumi Chieko , Kita Toshiyuki , Inoue Koji , Minato Koichi , Takemoto Shinnosuke , Nakao Akira , Yoshimura Kenichi , Takayama Koichi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Ramucirumab plus docetaxel combination therapy (DOC/RAM) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) achieves favorable outcomes; however, efficacy and safety for patients with brain metastases are still unclear.

Methods
Eligible patients included those with advanced NSCLC with measurable asymptomatic brain metastases that progressed after chemotherapy. Patients were intravenously administered ramucirumab (10 mg/kg) and docetaxel (60 mg/m2) every 21-day cycle.

Results
Due to difficulties in accumulating the planned 65 participants, enrollment was terminated early when 25 patients were enrolled. Primary endpoint: Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.9 months (95% CI, 1.8-5.3). Secondary endpoints: Median intracranial progression-free survival was 4.6 months (95% CI, 2.5-5.9); median overall survival was 20.9 months (95% CI, 6.6-not possible to estimate); objective response rate was 20% (95% CI, 6.8-40.7); disease control rate was 68% (95% CI, 46.5-85.1). The most common grade 3 or higher toxicities were neutropenia in 10 patients (40%). Neither intracranial hemorrhage nor grade 5 adverse events were observed. Patients with higher serum soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 concentrations at the start of treatment had slightly longer PFS.

Conclusion
No clinical concerns were identified with DOC/RAM for NSCLC with brain metastases in this study. Further investigation with a larger sample size is needed to determine the tolerability and safety of these populations (Trial Identifiers: University Hospital Medical Information Network in Japan [UMIN000024551] and Japan Registry of Clinical Trials [jRCTs071180048]).
Natural variation of maize root hydraulic architecture underlies highly diverse water uptake capacities
Authors: Rishmawi Louai , Bauget Fabrice , Protto Virginia , Bauland Cyril , Nacry Philippe , Maurel Christophe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPlant water uptake is determined by the root system architecture and its hydraulic capacity, which together define the root hydraulic architecture. The current research aims at understanding the water uptake capacities of maize (Zea mays), a model organism and major crop. We explored the genetic variations within a collection of 224 maize inbred Dent lines and successively defined core genotype subsets to access multiple architectural, anatomical, and hydraulic parameters in the primary root (PR) and seminal roots (SR) of hydroponically grown seedlings. We found 9-, 3.5-, and 12.4-fold genotypic differences for root hydraulics (Lpr), PR size, and lateral root size, respectively, that shaped wide and independent variations of root structure and function. Within genotypes, PR and SR showed similarities in hydraulics and, to a lesser extent, in anatomy. They had comparable aquaporin activity profiles that, however, could not be explained by aquaporin expression levels. Genotypic variations in the size and number of late meta xylem vessels were positively correlated with Lpr. Inverse modeling further revealed dramatic genotypic differences in the xylem conductance profile. Thus, tremendous natural variation of maize root hydraulic architecture underlies a high diversity of water uptake strategies and paves the way to quantitative genetic dissection of its elementary traits.
Creditor-Control Rights and the Nonsynchronicity of Global CDS Markets
Authors: Hasan Iftekhar , Marra Miriam , Wu Eliza , Zhang Gaiyan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We analyze how creditor rights affect the nonsynchronicity of global corporate credit default swap spreads (CDS-NS). CDS-NS is negatively related to the country-level creditor-control rights, especially to the “restrictions on reorganization” component, where creditor-shareholder conflicts are high. The effect is concentrated in firms with high investment intensity, asset growth, information opacity, and risk. Pro-creditor bankruptcy reforms led to a decline in CDS-NS, indicating lower firm-specific idiosyncratic information being priced in credit markets. A strategic-disclosure incentive among debtors avoiding creditor intervention seems more dominant than the disciplining effect, suggesting how strengthening creditor rights affects power rebalancing between creditors and shareholders. (JEL G14, G15, G33, G34)
Cancer risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with janus kinase inhibitors: a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study
Authors: Westermann Rasmus , Cordtz René Lindholm , Duch Kirsten , Mellemkjaer Lene , Hetland Merete Lund , Burden Andrea Michelle , Dreyer Lene 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to investigate the risk of first primary cancer in patients with RA treated with janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) compared with those who received biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) in a real-world setting.

Methods
We performed an observational cohort study using the nationwide registers in Denmark. Patients with RA aged 18+ years, without a previous cancer diagnosis, and who initiated treatment with JAKi or bDMARDs from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 were followed for any cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer). We applied inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to account for covariate differences between treatment groups. IPTW-generated weights were used with cause-specific Cox (CSC) models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for cancer incidence in JAKi-treated compared with bDMARD-treated patients with RA.

Results
We identified 875 and 4247 RA patients treated with JAKi and bDMARDs, respectively. The JAKi group contributed 1315 person years (PYRS) and 19 cancers, the bDMARD group contributed 8597 PYRS and 111 cancers, with corresponding crude incidence rates per 1000 PYRS of 14.4 and 12.9. Comparing the two groups using weighted CSC models, a HR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.76, 2.37, 95% CIs) was seen for JAKi- vs bDMARD-treated patients with RA.

Conclusion
JAKi treatment in real-world patients with RA was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk of first primary cancer compared with those who received bDMARDs. However, several numerically increased risk estimates were detected, and a clinically important excess risk of cancer among JAKi recipients cannot be dismissed.
Adolescents’ neural reactivity to parental criticism is associated with diminished happiness during daily interpersonal situations
Authors: James Kiera M , Sequeira Stefanie L , Dahl Ronald E , Forbes Erika E , Ryan Neal D , Hooley Jill , Ladouceur Cecile D , Silk Jennifer S 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe goal of this study was to examine the relation between real-world socio-emotional measures and neural activation to parental criticism, a salient form of social threat for adolescents. This work could help us understand why heightened neural reactivity to social threat consistently emerges as a risk factor for internalizing psychopathology in youth. We predicted that youth with higher reactivity to parental criticism (vs neutral comments) in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), amygdala and anterior insula would experience (i) less happiness in daily positive interpersonal situations and (ii) more sadness and anger in daily negative interpersonal situations. Participants (44 youth aged 11–16 years with a history of anxiety) completed a 10-day ecological momentary assessment protocol and a neuroimaging task in which they listened to audio clips of their parents’ criticism and neutral comments. Mixed-effects models tested associations between neural activation to critical (vs neutral) feedback and emotions in interpersonal situations. Youth who exhibited higher activation in the sgACC to parental criticism reported less happiness during daily positive interpersonal situations. No significant neural predictors of negative emotions (e.g. sadness and anger) emerged. These findings provide evidence of real-world correlates of neural reactivity to social threat that may have important clinical implications.
Occurrence and Distribution of Common Diseases and Pests of U.S. Cannabis: A Survey
Authors: Munir Misbakhul , Leonberger Kimberly , Kesheimer Katelyn , Bolt Marguerite , Zuefle Marion , Aronson Emma , Ricciardi Magdalena , Schluttenhofer Craig , Joly David , Smith Henry S. , Coburn Jacqueline , Filho Jose Franco Da Cunha Leme , Rondon Silvia I. , Smart Christine D. , Collins Alyssa , Garfinkel Andrea , Gauthier Nicole A. 
Published: April 2023

Hemp and marijuana, both Cannabis sativa L., are revitalized crops to U.S. agricultural and horticultural industries. Hemp (Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol content < 0.3%) was reintroduced in 2014 under a pilot research program and legalized in 2018. Hemp can now be grown in all 50 states. Marijuana (Δ⁹-THC content > 0.3%), although classified as a Schedule I narcotic by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, is legal in 37 states for medical and/or recreational use. Although C. sativa is often promoted as a pest-free crop, multiple diseases and arthropod pests have been identified and confirmed in recent years. There are limited options for control of diseases and pests affecting hemp. A survey of diagnosticians, researchers, and industry leaders conducted from 2021 to 2022 sought to determine the distribution and occurrence of 76 common diseases and pests on C. sativa across the United States. A total of 148 responses were collected and grouped by U.S. region: Western, Great Plains, North Central, Northeastern, and Southern. Survey results suggest that whereas some pathogens and pests are widely distributed across the United States, others occur more frequently in specific regions. This finding may indicate variations in economic importance by region. Results from this survey provide a foundation for regional and national prioritization of research and regulatory activities.
The HIF‐1α/miR‐26a‐5p/PFKFB3/ULK1/2 axis regulates vascular remodeling in hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension by modulation of autophagy
Authors: Ma Chaoqun , Xu Qiang , Huang Songqun , Song Jingwen , Sun Minglei , Zhang Jingyu , Chu Guojun , Zhang Bili , Bai Yuan , Zhao Xianxian , Wang Zhongkai , Li Pan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and life‐threatening disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, which may cause right heart failure and even death. Accumulated evidence confirmed that microRNA‐26 family play critical roles in cardiovascular disease; however, their function in PAH remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the expression of miR‐26 family in plasma from PAH patients using quantitative RT‐PCR, and identified miR‐26a‐5p as the most downregulated member, which was also decreased in hypoxia‐induced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) autophagy models and lung tissues of PAH patients. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis and luciferase reporter assays revealed that hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) specifically interacted with the promoter of miR‐26a‐5p and inhibited its expression in PASMCs. Tandem mRFP‐GFP‐LC3B fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that miR‐26a‐5p inhibited hypoxia‐induced PAMSC autophagy, characterized by reduced formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. In addition, results showed that miR‐26a‐5p overexpression potently inhibited PASMC proliferation and migration, as determined by cell counting kit‐8, EdU staining, wound‐healing, and transwell assays. Mechanistically, PFKFB3, ULK1, and ULK2 were direct targets of miR‐26a‐5p, as determined by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assays and western blots. Meanwhile, PFKFB3 could further enhance the phosphorylation level of ULK1 and promote autophagy in PASMCs. Moreover, intratracheal administration of adeno‐miR‐26a‐5p markedly alleviated right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia‐induced PAH rat models in vivo. Taken together, the HIF‐1α/miR‐26a‐5p/PFKFB3/ULK1/2 axis plays critical roles in the regulation of hypoxia‐induced PASMC autophagy and proliferation. MiR‐26a‐5p may represent as an attractive biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of PAH.
Implicit Bias Toward Lesbian and Gay Persons Among Nursing Students: A Correlation Study
Authors: Murphy Michael G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

AIM
The purpose of this study was to measure implicit bias among nursing students toward lesbian and gay (LG) persons.

BACKGROUND
Implicit bias is identified as a contributor to the health disparities experienced by LG persons. This bias has not been studied among nursing students.

METHOD
This descriptive, correlation study used the Implicit Association Test to measure implicit bias in a convenience sample of baccalaureate nursing students. Demographic information was collected to identify relevant predictor variables.

RESULTS
Implicit bias in this sample (n = 1,348) favored straight persons over LG persons (D-score = 0.22). Participants identifying as male (B = 0.19), straight (B = 0.65), other sexuality (B = 0.33), somewhat (B = 0.09) or very religious (B = 0.14), or enrollment in an RN-BSN program (B = 0.11) predicted stronger bias favoring straight persons.

CONCLUSION
Implicit bias toward LG persons among nursing students remains a challenge for educators.
Simulation Utilized for Mentoring and Measuring Integrative Thinking: A Model for Advanced Practice Nurse Competence Evaluation
Authors: Paxton Kim L. , Diamond Lisa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
S.U.M.M.I.T (Simulation Utilized for Mentoring and Measuring Integrative Thinking) to practice is a summative advanced practice nurse (APN) evaluation model using virtual simulation to assess clinical decision-making competencies of APN students. Students engage as grand round participants in an unfolding recorded patient encounter. Competence is assessed through their application of evidence-based rationales for diagnosis, diagnostics, interpretation, and care plan. S.U.M.M.I.T incorporates an objective competency-based rubric and concurrent feedback. Results demonstrate clear details of clinical reasoning, communication, diagnosis-focused care plan, patient safety, and education, allowing specific competency need mentoring by faculty.