bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Metal Mixtures with Thyroid Function and Potential Interactions with Iodine Status: Results from a Cross-sectional Study in MEWHC
Authors: Ge Xiaoting , He Junxiu , Lin Sencai , Bao Yu , Zheng Yuan , Cheng Hong , Cai Haiqing , Feng Xiuming , Yang Wenjun , Hu Sihan , Wang Lin , Liao Qijing , Wang Fei , Liu Cahoqun , Chen Xing , Zou Yunfeng , Yang Xiaobo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Few studies are available on associations between metal mixture exposures and disrupted thyroid hormone homeostasis. Here we aimed to explore the cross-sectional relationship of blood cells metals with thyroid homeostasis. Among 328 workers from the manganese exposed workers healthy cohort (MEWHC), we detected thyroid function parameters: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total tetraiodothyronine (TT4), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) as well as calculated sum activity of peripheral deiodinases (GD) and thyroid's secretory capacity (GT). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure 22 metal concentrations in blood cells. Based on the consistent results of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analyses, there were significant positive associations between Cu and TSH (beta = 2.016), Fe and FT4 (beta = 0.403), Ti and GD (beta = 0.142), Ni and GD (beta = 0.057) and negative associations between Cu and FT4 (beta = -0.226), Se and GD (beta = -0.332) among the participants. Interestingly, we observed an inverted-U shape relationship between Mg and FT4. Furthermore, we found a synergistic effect between As and Cu on TSH level, whilst antagonistic effects between Ni and Cu as well as Ni and Se on TSH level. We observed a modified effect of iodine status on association between Sr and GD (Pinteraction = 0.026). It suggests metal mixture exposures can alter thyroid homeostasis among the occupational population, possibly through an alteration of deiodinase activity. Validation of these associations and elucidation of underlying mechanisms require further researches in future.
Assessing the Variability of Satellite and Reanalysis Rainfall products over a Semi-Arid Catchment in Tunisia
Authors: Gharnouki Ines , Aouissi Jalel , Benabdallah Sihem , Tramblay Yves 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Precipitation is a key component in hydrologic processes. It plays an important role in hydrological modeling and water resource management. However, many regions suffered from limited and data scarcity due to the lack of ground-based rain gauge networks. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare three different satellite-based precipitation products (CHIRPS, PERSIANN and GPM) and a reanalysis (ERA5) in semi-arid catchment of Tunisia (Haffouz catchment) against rain-gauge stations records for the period between September 2000 and August 2018. Twelve rain-gauges and two different interpolation methods (Inverse Distance Weight and ordinary kriging) were used to compute a set of interpolated precipitation reference fields. The evaluation was performed at daily, monthly, and yearly time scales and at spatial scales, using different statistical metrics. The results showed that the two interpolation methods give similar and valid precipitation estimates at the catchment scale. According to the different statistical metrics, CHRIPS showed the most satisfactory results followed by PERSIANN which performed well in terms of correlation but overestimated precipitations spatially over the catchment. GPM underestimate the precipitation considerably, but it gives a satisfactory performance temporally. ERA5 shows a very good performance at daily, monthly, and yearly timescale, but it is unable to present the spatial variability distribution of precipitation for this catchment. This study concluded that satellite-based precipitation products can be useful in semi-arid regions and data-scarce catchments, and it may provide less costly alternatives for data-poor regions.
Prolonged dephasing time of ensemble of moiré-trapped interlayer
excitons in WSe2-MoSe2 heterobilayers
Authors: Durmuş Mehmet , Demiralay Kaan , Khan Muhammad , Sarpkaya Ibrahim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The moiré superlattices of transition metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers have a pronounced effect on the optical properties of interlayer excitons (IXs) and have been intensively studied in recent years. However, the impact of the moiré potentials on the temporal coherence of the IXs has not yet been investigated in detail. Here, we systematically investigate the coherence properties of both the ensemble of delocalized IXs and the ensemble of localized IXs trapped
in moiré potentials of the hexagonal boron nitride encapsulated WSe2-MoSe2 heterostructures. Our low-temperature first-order correlation measurements show that prolonged T2 dephasing
times with values up to 700 fs can be obtained from the ensemble of localized IXs under moderate pump powers. We observed up to a fourfold increase over the values we obtained from the delocalized IXs, while a twofold over the previously reported values of T2~300 fs from the delocalized IXs. The prolonged values of T2 dephasing times and narrow photoluminescence (PL) line widths for the ensemble of moiré-trapped IXs compared to
delocalized one indicate that dephasing mechanisms caused by exciton-low energy acoustic phonon and exciton-exciton scattering are significantly suppressed due to the presence of
localization potentials. Our results show that ultra-long dephasing times can be expected if the dephasing time measurements are performed with the narrow photoluminescence emission line of a single moiré-trapped IX at a low pump power regime. The prolonged values of IX dephasing times would be critical for the applications of quantum information science and the development of two-dimensional material-based nanolasers.
Laser-driven high-energy proton beams from cascaded acceleration regimes
Authors: Ziegler Tim , Göthel Ilja , Assenbaum Stefan , Bernert Constantin , Brack Florian-Emanuel , Cowan Thomas E. , Dover Nicholas P. , Gaus Lennart , Kluge Thomas , Kraft Stephan , Kroll Florian , Metzkes-Ng Josefine , Nishiuchi Mamiko , Prencipe Irene , Püschel Thomas , Rehwald Martin , Reimold Marvin , Schlenvoigt Hans-Peter , Umlandt Marvin Elias Paul , Vescovi Milenko , Schramm Ulrich , Zeil Karl 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Laser-driven ion accelerators can deliver high-energy, high peak current beams from relativistic laser plasmas formed in solid-density materials [1, 2]. This innovative concept attracts a lot of attention for various multidisciplinary applications as a compact alternative to conventional accelerators [3]. However, achieving energy levels suitable for applications such as radiation therapy remains a challenge for laser-driven ion accelerators. Here, we report on experimental generation of plasma-accelerated proton beams with a spectrally separated high-energy component of up to 150MeV by irradiating solid-density plastic foil targets with ultrashort laser pulses from a repetitive Petawatt laser. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations reveal that the observed beam parameters result from cascaded acceleration regimes that occur at the onset of relativistically induced transparency. The ultrashort pulse duration allows a rapid sequence of these regimes at highest intensity, enabling proton acceleration to unprecedented energy levels. Target transparency was identified to discriminate the high-performance domain of the acquired data set, making it a suitable feedback parameter for automated laser and target optimisation to enhance stability of plasma accelerators in the future. Ultimately, our results encourage further exploration and application of laser-driven plasmas as compact proton accelerators in the multi-100MeV range.
A shift in the mechanism of CO2 uptake in the Southern Ocean under high emission-scenario
Authors: Mongwe Precious , Gregor Luke , Tjiputra Jerry , Hauck Judith , Ito Takamitsu , Danek Christopher , Vichi Marcello , Thomalla Sandy , Monteiro Pedro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The Southern Ocean is a major region of ocean carbon uptake, but its future changes remain uncertain under climate warming. Here we show the projected shift in the Southern Ocean CO2 sink using a suite of Earth System Models, revealing changes in the mechanism, position and seasonality of the carbon uptake. Dominant CO2 uptake shifts from the Subtropical to the Antarctic region under the high-emission scenario by the end of the 21st century. The warming-driven sea-ice melt, increased ocean stratification, mixed layer shoaling, and a weaker vertical carbon gradient will together reduce the winter outgassing in the future, which will trigger the switch from mixing-driven outgassing to solubility-driven uptake in the Antarctic region during the winter season. The future Southern Ocean carbon sink will be poleward-shifted, operating in a hybrid mode between biologically-driven summertime and solubility-driven wintertime uptake with further amplification of biological uptake by the increasing Revelle Factor.
Bäcklund Transformation of (3+1)-Dimensional Variable Coefficient NLEE Equation and Related Problems
Authors: Ji Minjie , Bao Taogetusang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on Bell polynomial method,symbolic computation system Mathematica,P-polynomials,Bäcklund transformation of double Bell polynomials,bilinear Bäcklund transformation,infinite conservation laws and soliton solutions of (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations (NLEE) with variable coefficients are studied.Firstly,the P-polynomial and bilinear forms of the equation are constructed.Secondly,the double Bell polynomial Bäcklund,bilinear Bäcklund transformation,Lax pair and infinite conservation laws are constructed.Finally,through the bilinear Bäcklund transformation of the equation,the soliton solutions and other solutions of the equation are obtained,and the appropriate parameters are selected to illustrate their properties by making graphs of some solutions.
Effect of Previous Heating Treatments Conditions and MIG Welding on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of HSLA Steel DOMEX 460MC
Authors: Rocha Vinícius Resende , Rosa Daniel Monteiro , Paes Luiz Eduardo dos Santos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To meet industry demands for more resistant materials with good mechanical properties and moderate cost, high strength low alloy steels (HSLA) were developed. However, the low ductility of these steels can be a problem. In addition, many components are subjected to MIG welding. Finding a proper heat treatment, able to modify the mechanical properties according to the design requirements and enhancing the material’s weldability is still an issue. The present work shows a microstructural and mechanical properties analysis of a HSLA steel, named DOMEX 460MC, subjected to three heat treatments before joining: 400 °C, 580 °C and 700 °C. Brinell hardness tests and microstructural analysis were carried out for each condition. Moreover, 5 tensile specimens were made according to the ASTM E8M-04 standard to assess the mechanical behavior. The results showed that both the previous heat treatments and welding could modify the microstructure, decreasing the material's mechanical strength.
Machine learning-based prediction of postoperative mortality in emergency colorectal surgery: A retrospective, multicenter cohort study using Tokushukai Medical Database
Authors: Akabane Shota , Miyake Katsunori , Iwagami Masao , Tanabe Kazunari , Takagi Toshio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Emergency colorectal surgery may constitute surgical challenges, resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates. Although prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with emergency colorectal surgery have been identified, an accurate mortality risk assessment is still necessary to determine the range of therapeutic resources in accordance with the severity of patients. We established machine-learning models with nonlinear feature extraction to predict in-hospital mortality for patients who had emergency colorectal surgery using clinical data at admission and attempted to identify prognostic factors associated with in-hospital mortality.Methods This retrospective cohort study included adult patients undergoing emergency colorectal surgery in 42 hospitals between 2012 and 2020. Patients were divided into those hospitalized between July 2010 and June 2018 (training/validation dataset) and those hospitalized between July 2018 and June 2020 (testing dataset). We employed logistic regression and three supervised machine-learning models: random forests, gradient-boosting decision trees (GBDT), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) in the training dataset. The prediction models were tested using all testing datasets, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was calculated for each model. The Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) values are also calculated to identify the significant variables in GBDT.Results There were 8,792 patients who underwent emergency colorectal surgery. The in-hospital mortality rates were 11.9% and 11.3% for the training/validation and testing datasets, respectively. After model training, the AUROC was calculated for in-hospital mortality prediction with each trained machine-learning model. Therefore, the AUROC values of 0.742, 0.782, 0.814, and 0.768 were obtained for logistic regression, random forests, GBDT, and MLP. According to SHAP values, age, colorectal cancer, use of laparoscopy, and some laboratory variables, including serum lactate dehydrogenase serum albumin, and blood urea nitrogen, were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.Conclusion We successfully generated the machine-learning prediction model, including GBDT, with the best prediction performance and exploited the potential for use in evaluating in-hospital mortality risk for patients who undergo emergency colorectal surgery.
Sequential optimal selections of single-qubit gates in parameterized quantum circuits
Authors: Wada Kaito , Raymond Rudy , Sato Yuki , Watanabe Hiroshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In variational quantum algorithms, it is important to balance conflicting requirements of expressibility and trainability of a parameterized quantum circuit (PQC). However, appropriate PQC designs are not necessarily trivial. Here, we propose an algorithm for optimizing the PQC structure, where single-qubit gates are sequentially replaced by the optimal ones via diagonalization of a matrix whose elements are evaluated on slightly modified circuits. This replacement leads to a better approximation of target states with limited circuit depth. Furthermore, we clarify the existence of a barren plateau in the sequential optimization in terms of the spectrum concentration of the matrix, which defines the cost landscape with respect to changes in the target gate. Then, we rigorously show the concentration is no faster than polynomials in the number of qubits when an $n$-qubit PQC depth is $O(\log{n})$ using local observables. Finally, numerical experiments are provided to show the convergence of our method which is faster than gradient-based optimizers. Our results provide evidences for sequential optimizers as better alternatives to optimize PQCs on near-term quantum devices.
Identification of PRODH as a mitochondria and angiogenesis related biomarker for the lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: xi xinran , zhang meng , li yonghua , wang xianghai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
The mitochondria and their associated genes were highly related to cellular metabolism. It plays a vital role in the therapy tumors. Angiogenesis is a critical process in the development and progression of tumors, including lung adenocarcinoma. Tumor growth and metastasis are dependent on angiogenesis.
This study identified genes related to mitochondria and angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. Based on the high and low expression of the genes in lung adenocarcinoma, we grouped them and conducted relevant bioinformatics analysis on differentially expressed genes.
Results:
We screened genes related to mitochondria and angiogenesis in the differential genes of lung adenocarcinoma, and identified PRODH as a gene of interest. The expression of PRODH was associated with the survival outcome of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Additionally, PRODH was also found to be associated with immune cell infiltration and tumor mutations.
Conclusion:
Mitochondrial metabolism and angiogenesis can have significant therapeutic benefits for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients.
We identified a gene-PRODH which can promote tumor angiogenesis and contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. PRODH may be a prospective therapeutic target in LUAD as well as a possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration and Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB).
Preliminary study on miRNA in prostate cancer
Authors: Abudoubari Saimaitikari , Bu Ke , Mei Yujie , Maimaitiyiming Abudukeyoumu , An Hengqing , Tao Ning 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To screen for miRNAs differentially expressed in prostate cancer and prostate hyperplasia tissues and to validate their association with prostate cancer.
Methods
Patients diagnosed by pathology in the Department of Urology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2021 to June 2022 were selected and their general clinical information, blood samples and prostate tissue samples were collected; miRNA microarray technology was performed to obtain differentially expressed miRNAs in prostate cancer and hyperplasia tissues, and miRNAs to be studied were screened by microarray results and review of relevant literature; detection of miRNAs expression in the patients' blood and prostate tissue samples was measured; the miRNA-222-mimics were transfected into PC3 cells, and cell biology experiments such as CCK8, scratch, Transwell and flow cytometry were performed to detect the effects of overexpressed miRNA-222 on the growth and proliferation, invasive ability, apoptotic ability and metastatic ability of prostate cancer cells.
Results
The results of miRNA microarray showed that there were many differentially expressed miRNAs in prostate cancer and hyperplasia tissues, and four miRNAs, miRNA-144, miRNA-222, miRNA-1248 and miRNA-3651 were finally selected as the subjects by reviewing relevant literature; the results showed that the expression of miRNA-222 in prostate cancer tissues was lower than that in prostate hyperplasia tissues (P < 0.05); the expression of miRNA-222, miRNA-1248 and miRNA-3651 in blood samples of prostate cancer patients was lower than that in prostate hyperplasia patients (P < 0.05); the analysis results indicated that the f/t ratio, the relative expression of miRNA-222 and miRNA-1248 were independent influences of prostate cancer (P < 0.05), in which overexpression of miRNA-222 decreased the proliferative, invasive and metastatic abilities of PC3 cells and enhanced the level of apoptosis of cancer cells.
Conclusions
Although there was no significant change in the overall incidence of prostate cancer in this study, significant changes occurred in the incidence of prostate cancer with different characteristics. In addition, the nomogram prediction model of prostate cancer-specific survival rate constructed based on four factors has a high reference value, which helps physicians to correctly assess the patient-specific survival rate and provides a reference basis for patient diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Ubiquitination-related regulator UBTD1 closely associated with Immune Escape and suppressed cells ferroptosis in Colorectal Carcinogenesis
Authors: Jin Yuzhao , Chen Qianping , Tang Bufu , Mao Wei , Wang Lu , Lan Huiyin , Jiang Jin , Bai Minghua , Zhu Ji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors is currently a hot topic of investigation in the therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). The most reliable predictors of immune effectiveness are, at present, microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair gene status (MMR).In contrast, other immune efficacy predictors remain desirable to facilitate individualized immunotherapy for CRC patients. Ubiquitination and its associated ubiquitin-binding enzymes and ligases regulate the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity to mediate tumor pathogenesis and progression. Here, we examined the molecular characteristics and immunomodulatory effects of ubiquitination-associated genes mediating the prognosis of CRC cancer. UBTD1 was identified as a significant prognostic, predictive gene for CRC, involved in regulating the immune checkpoint levels and immune cell function of CRC patients. Briefly, high expression of UBTD1 tended to enhance the presence of immune checkpoints to induce immune escape and inhibit the onset of ferroptosis. Our study demonstrated that UBTD1 was a prognostic marker for CRC in the regulation of ubiquitination and the tumor immune microenvironment and may serve as a predictor of immune efficacy and a modulator of ferroptosis.
Hospital mortality: The weekend effect and the time between emergency admission and the start of normal inpatient care
Authors: Castaño-Pérez Sara , Medina-García José A. , de León Antonio Cabrera 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives To analyse mortality associated to emergency admissions on weekends and holidays (WE), differentiating whether the patients were admitted to the Internal Medicine department or to the hospital as a whole.Methods Retrospective follow-up study of patients discharged between 2015 and 2019 in: a) the Internal Medicine (IM) department (n = 7656) and b) the hospital as a whole (n = 83146). Logistic regression models were fitted to analyse mortality.Results There was a significant increase in mortality for patients admitted in WE with short stays in IM (48, 72 and 96 hours: OR = 2.50, 1.89 and 1.62, respectively), and hospital-wide (OR = 2.02, 1.41 and 1.13). The highest risk per WE admission occurred on Fridays (stays ≤ 48 hours: OR = 3.92 [95% CI = 2.06–7.48] in IM), with no effect on Sundays. The risk of death increased with the time elapsed from admission until the inpatient department took over care (OR = 5.51 [95% CI = 1.42–21.40] in IM when this time reached 4 days).Conclusions Whether it was MI patients or hospital-wide patients, the risk of death associated with emergency admission in WE increased with the time between admission and transfer of care to the inpatient department; consequently, Friday was the day with the highest risk while Sunday lacked a weekend effect. Healthcare systems should correct this serious problem.