bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisa Kuat Lentur Perkerasan Menggunakan Alat Benkelman Beam Pada Ruas Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan
Authors: Okbri Satriyani 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe city of Palembang as a Metropolitan city has a greater population density and it affects the increase in vehicle volume up to 20% / year. to anticipate the increase in the volume of vehicles on the Palembang Kemersungan Printis Road section, sharing the ways of the government one of them was the construction of new roads, widening roads, maintenance and repair of roads and overlays. The design of flexible pavement added thick layer that is commonly used at this time using the deflection method. The deflection method in this study uses traffic volume data which will then be analyzed to obtain the standard axle load equivalent (CESA) accumulation value over the life of the plan. Deformation values can be obtained from the Benkelman Beam tool testing results. This study aims to determine the relationship between measurements of road surface conditions with deflection values "Benkelman Beam. From the results of the survey, the level of road conditions that need to be overlaid and the deflection value in each segment is obtained, then the deflection value obtained to determine the thickness of the overlay needed. From deflection testing with the Benkelman Beam tool, an average deflection value was 0.15. Based on the graph of conceptual trigger, the value states that the Perintis Kemerdekaan road segment needs to be carried out by non-structural Routine and Additional Layer Maintenance.Keyword : Benkelman Beam, Overlay, Flexible PavementÂ AbstrakKota Palembang sebagai kota Metropolitan mempunyai kepadatan penduduk semakin besar dan itu mempengaruhi peningkatan volume kendaraan sampai 20% / tahun. untuk mengantisipasi pertambahan volume kendaraan pada ruas Jalan Printis Kemeredekaan Palembang, berbagi cara yang dilakukan pemerintah salah satunya pembuatan jalan baru, pelebaran jalan,permeliharaan dan perbaikan jalan serta overlay. Perencanaan tebal lapis tambah perkerasan lentur yang umum dipakai pada saat ini menggunakan metode lendutan. Metode lendutan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data volume lalu lintas yang selanjutnya akan dianalisa untuk mendapatkan nilaiakumulasi ekivalen beban sumbu standar(CESA) selama umur rencana.NilaiLendutan dapat diperoleh dari hasil pengujian alat Benkelman Beam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengukuran kondisi permukaan jalan dengan nilai lendutan â€œBenkelman Beam. Dari hasi survei tersebut didapatkan tingkat kondisi jalan yang perlu dilakukan overlay dan nilai lendutan balik pada setiap segmen, selanjutnya nilai lendutan yang diperoleh untuk menentukan tebal overlayÂ yang dibutuhkan. Dari pengujian lendutan dengan alat Benkelman Beam dihasilkan nilai lendutan rata-rata 0,15. Berdasarkan grafik pemicu konseptual nilai tersebut menyatakan bahwa ruas jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan perlu dilakukan Pemeliharaan Rutin dan Lapis tambah non struktural.Kata kunci : Benkelman Beam, Overlay, Perkerasan Lentur
Penentuan Daerah Rawan Kecelakaan Bagi Pengguna Jalan Pada Ruas Jalan Kol. H. Burlian Palembang
Authors: Nisumanti Sartika 
Published: June 2023

Abstract Palembang is the capital of South Sumatra with a high population growth rate. As one of the major cities in Indonesia, the development of infrastructure has more quickly, including the construction of roads and bridges that will be used to serve land traffic facilities that have an important role for supporting the national economy growth.And in time, ownership of vehicle also continues to increase which causes increase the volume of vehicles. This has an impact related to road infrastructure including traffic accidents and road congestion.The research question is why traffic accidents are increasing every year and what causes of the accidents ? Then, identify road segments prone to traffic accidents and determine accident-prone locations on Kol. H. Burlian.The results of the analysis showed that the dominant factor causing the accident on the road segment Kol. H. Burlian is 80% of road users, identified that has more Hazard of Acccident Areas over a period of 5 (five) years is in 2012. The location of accident prone points is in the segment / sta of 5 + 000. The number of accidents based on AEK values obtained 61.78 with the result of weighting 91.Handling system for reduce the level of traffic accidents in accident-prone areasÂ recommend to develop road facilities such as speed limiter traffic signs and directional signs.Keywords : Safety, Traffic, BlackspotÂ Abstrak Palembang merupakan ibu kota Sumatera Selatan dengan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi. Sebagai salah satu kota besar di IndonesiaÂ pembangunan infrastruktur (prasarana) cukup pesat diantaranya pembangunan jalan dan jembatan yang akan digunakan untuk melayani sarana lalu lintas darat yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam mendukung perkembangan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional.Seiring dengan hal tersebut, kepemilikan kendaraan.juga terus bertambah yang menyebabkan volume kendaraan semakin meningkat. Hal ini membawa dampak yang berhubungan denganÂ infrastruktur jalan antara lain kecelakaan lalu lintas dan kemacetan jalan.PermasalahannyaÂ mengapa setiap tahun kecelakaan lalu lintas semakin meningkat dan apa penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan. KemudianÂ melakukan identifikasi segmen jalan rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas dan menentukan lokasi-lokasi rawan kecelakaan pada ruas jalan Kol . H. Burlian.Dari hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab kecelakaan yang dominan pada ruas jalan Kol. H. Burlian adalah pengguna jalan sebanyak 80% , yang teridentifikasi Daerah Rawan KecelakaanÂ selama kurun waktu 5 (lima) tahunÂ adalah padaÂ tahun 2012 dan lokasi titik rawan kecelakaan terletak pada segmen/sta 5 + 000Â dengan angka kecelakaan berdasarkan nilaiÂ AEK diperolehÂ 61,78 dengan hasil pembobotan 91.Penanganan dalam mengurangi tingkat kecelakaan lalu lintas pada daerah rawan kecelakaan direkomendasikan dengan pembuatan fasilitas jalan raya berupa rambu batasan kecepatan, rambu penunjuk arah.Kata kunci :Â Keselamatan, Lalu lintas, Blackspot
Mode, luxe et ostentation dans les Antilles françaises au XVIII e siècle
Authors: Forestier Albane 
Published: June 2023

Cet article étudie la consommation vestimentaire de l’élite coloniale martiniquaise au xviii e siècle, et analyse la façon dont les récits d’observateurs et la transposition du débat sur le luxe aux Antilles ont façonné le discours sur la mode coloniale en la qualifiant d’ostentatoire. L’étude des liens commerciaux et financiers entre colons et marchands métropolitains permet de nuancer cette vision et de montrer comment les spécificités économiques et sociales du système mercantiliste ont défini les pratiques sartoriales des colons, et leur perception par le monde métropolitain.
Rotational Stability of a New Progressive Toric Hydrophobic Intraocular Lens With Gradually Decreasing Cylinder Power
Authors: Savini Giacomo , Mularoni Alessandro , Destro Ettore , Barboni Piero , Schiano-Lomoriello Domenico 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
To investigate the rotational stability of a new hydrophobic C-loop one-piece toric intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods:
In this retrospective multicenter case series, the Avansee Preload1P Toric Clear (Kowa Co Ltd) was implanted using a digital marking system. Its orientation was assessed with retroillumination photographs at 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The mean rotation at each follow-up examination and percentage of eyes with a rotation within 5° and 10° were recorded.

Results:
Seventy-two eyes were enrolled and completed the 3-month follow-up examination; data for the 6-month follow-up examination were obtained in 56 eyes. From the first postoperative to the 3-month examination, the mean arithmetic and absolute rotations were 0.58° ± 2.97° and 1.44° ± 2.65°, respectively. During this period, the rotation was 10° or less in 71 of 72 eyes (98.6%) and 5° or less in 67 of 72 eyes (93.1%). In the subgroup of 56 eyes with a 6-month follow-up, the mean arithmetic and absolute rotations were 0.95° ± 2.86° and 2.27° ± 1.96°, respectively, from the first to the last examination. During this period, the rotation was 10° or less in 100% of eyes and 5° or less in 53 of 56 eyes (94.6%).

Conclusions:
The new toric IOL has high rotational stability. The measured values were better than the corresponding values previously reported for other toric IOLs at all times considered up to 3 months and similar to them at 6 months. It satisfies the International Organization of Standardization and American National Standards Institute requirements.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(6):374–380.]
Sequential Custom Therapeutic Keratectomy for the Treatment of Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 1: A Long-term Study
Authors: Camesasca Fabrizio I. , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Legrottaglie Emanuela F. , Morenghi Emanuela , Trazza Silvia , Vinciguerra Paolo 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the effectiveness of sequential custom phototherapeutic keratectomy (SCTK) for granular corneal dystrophy type 1 (GCD1).

Methods:
Thirty-seven eyes of 21 patients with GCD1 were treated with SCTK to remove superficial opacifications, regularize the corneal surface, and decrease optical aberrations. SCTK is a sequence of custom therapeutic excimer laser keratectomies with step-by-step intraoperative corneal topography monitoring of results. Six eyes of 5 patients previously treated with penetrating keratoplasty received SCTK for disease recurrence. Pre-operative and postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive values, mean pupillary keratometry, and pachymetry were retrospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 41.3 months.

Results:

SCTK provided significant decimal CDVA improvement, from 0.33 ± 0.22 to 0.63 ± 0.24 (
P
< .0001) at the last available follow-up visit. One eye, initially treated with penetrating keratoplasty, showed visually significant disease 8 years after the first SCTK and was re-treated. Mean corneal pachymetry difference between preoperative and final follow-up values was 78.42 ± 62.26 µm. Mean corneal curvature and the spherical component did not show a statistically significant change or hyperopic shift. Astigmatism and higher order aberration reduction were statistically significant.

Conclusions:
SCTK is a powerful tool for the treatment of anterior corneal pathologies hindering vision and quality of life, such as GCD1. SCTK is less invasive and fosters more rapid visual recovery than penetrating keratoplasty or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Providing significant visual improvement, SCTK can be the preferred initial treatment in eyes with GCD1.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(6):422–429.]
Smooth subvarieties of Jacobians
Authors: Benoist Olivier , Debarre Olivier 
Published: June 2023

We give new examples of algebraic integral cohomology classes on smooth projective complex varieties that are not integral linear combinations of classes of smooth subvarieties. Some of our examples have dimension 6, the lowest possible. The classes that we consider are minimal cohomology classes on Jacobians of very general curves. Our main tool is complex cobordism.Comment: 11 pages, v3: final version
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: GEORGIA-EU RELATIONS
Authors: Tsinaridze Ramin , Rizhvadze Giorgi 
Published: June 2023

Ramin Tsinaridze
Email: ramin.tsinaridze@bsu.edu.ge
PhD of Business Administration, Associate Professor Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University
Georgia, Batumi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0444-9740

Giorgi Rizhvadze
Email:giorgirijvadze@gmail.com
PHD student of Business Administration, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University
Georgia, Batumi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-4808

Purpose. Analysis of foreign direct investment motivations and assessment of their impact on Georgia's economy, under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as analysis of Georgia's EU investment relations and determination of future prospects.
Methodology/approach. The methodological basis of the paper is the fundamental research of economic science. Georgian or foreign language scientific articles, works and studies are used in the research, the material used in the research is based on the data of the Ministry of Finance of Georgia, the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development, and the National Statistics Service. Qualitative and statistical methods, data from international organizations are used in the research, this research is mainly based on information collection, comparison, study and analysis.
Research tasks. The main tasks and hypotheses of the research can be formulated as follows: the effect of the inflow of foreign direct investments on the stability of the exchange rate of the lari, Determination of factors affecting GDP and economic growth.
Practical value / results. Research results and conclusions can be used in higher education as a guide material. In addition, it will significantly help the government institutions in determining the course of the country's economic development, its adjustment and processing specific issues of realization.
OTOMATISASI PORTAL DAN HAND SANITIZER MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER NODEMCU UNTUK MEMINIMALKAN PENYEBARAN VIRUS
Authors: Idrus Yuliadi , Nuryadi Halid , Hamdani Fahri , Dzil Ikram Fadhli 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang hand sanitizer dan portal otomasis berbasis mikrokontroler NodeMCU menggunakan sensor infrared. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan yang dikembangkan oleh Borg and Gall. Prosedur pengembangan meliputi tahap eksplorasi dan uji coba produk. Hasil dari pengembangan diperoleh sebuah alat berupa hand sanitizer dan portal otomasis berbasis mikrokontroler NodeMCU menggunakan sensor infrared untuk mencegah penyebaran virus di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat. Uji coba penggunaan produk dilaksanakan di kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Brang Rea. Uji coba dilaksanakan sebanyak dua kali, yaitu uji coba lapangan awal dengan subjek uji coba oleh guru sebanyak 10 orang dan uji coba lapangan akhir dengan subjek uji coba siswa sebanyak 20 orang. Uji coba awal diperoleh data penilaian terhadap media/produk yaitu 62 dari jumlah maksimal penilaian 69 dengan presentse 89,2% yang menyatakan bahwa produk hand sanitizer dan portal otomasis berbasis mikrokontroler NodeMCU menggunakan sensor infrared layak untuk digunakan sebagai alat untuk mencegah penyebaran virus di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat. Uji coba akhir diperoleh data penilaian siswa terhadap produk yaitu 154 dari jumlah maksimal penilaian 171 dengan presentase 90,1% yang dikategorikan layak untuk digunakan. Hasil ini menunjukkkan bahwa rancang bangun Hand Sanitaizer dan portal otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler nodemCU layak untuk digunakan sebagai produk/media untuk mencegah penyebaran virus di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat.
Muhammad Iqbal and Grman Idealism: A Comparative Review
Authors: Tahir Sobia , Maqsood Sidra 
Published: June 2023

The phrase Idealism is not new for the students and readers of Philosophy, however, when the prefix German is added before it, it acquires a different meaning, mood, taste and inclination. German Idealism is distinguished from all other forms of European Idealisms. It concentrated on mind as an active and self-conscious entity. German Idealists suppressed the traditional ontologies based on substances and their accidents. The most prominent German Idealists include I - Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), II- Johann Gottelib Fichte (1762-1814), III-Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Von Schelling (1775-1854) and IV- George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831).
Kant, though an empirical rationalist, could not deny the supremacy of mind over matter and of human beings over the external world. For him space, time and causality were the categories of mind, which it imposed on the outer world. However, he did believe in the dichotomy of mind and matter though he combined rationalism and empiricism in his Transcendental Idealism, which is an unconscious move towards unity despite the belief in noumena and phenomena. Later thinkers, however, gradually moved closer and closer to the Idealism and especially Monism.
Some salient features of German Idealism which give it a distinct identity separate from the rest of Western Philosophy include: i- Idea of the Absolute, ii- Beginning of the world in the Absolute, iii- Stages and phases of Self- consciousness, iv- Unity of the Subject and Object, v-First traces of Philosophical Anthropology (What man is in itself beyond all physical things and the universe?), vi- Intellectual intuition as a source of knowledge and a tendency towards esotericism, vii – Enthusiastic interest in Dialectics, viii- Freedom and Determinism, ix- Self as an entity free of external and causal determinants , x- Ideas of Ego and Spirit, xi- World Spirit and xii- Existence as a whole or a Unity.

These eternal, perennial, deep, highbrow, captivating, serious, scholarly, cherished, enthralling and fascinating ideas were presented and discussed at length by Muhammad Iqbal too in his Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. Only one glance at the salient features of German Idealism brings into mind the familiar philosophical topics on which Muhammad Iqbal has written extensively. Besides his Urdu and Persian poetry, his political ideas bear profound stamps of these ideas. Therefore, this comparative study is academically justified, intellectually stimulating and scholastically enriching.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MENGUKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT. GARUDA INDONESIA (Persero) Tbk periode tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Ahmad Dahlan  , Randi Manda  
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan pada PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk dengan menggunakan metode rasio keuangan dalam penelitian ini objek yang digunakan ialah Laporan keuangan yang berupa Neraca dan laporan laba rugi PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk periode tahun 2017-2021. Analisis rasio yang digunakan adalah rasio likuiditas, leverage, aktivitas dan profitabilitas dengan menggunakan metode metode pengumpulan data berupa penelitian Kepustakaan dan Dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi dari keuangan PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk periode tahun 2017-2021 yang ditinjau dari analisis rasio likuiditas, leverage, aktivitas dan proitabilitas mengalami kondisi yang kurang baik karena mengalami penurunan yang signifikan sehingga berada dibawah rata-rata estándar industri.
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Mobility Device Development
Authors: Upadhyay Shivali , Kethar Jothsna 
Published: June 2023

Artificial intelligence is rapidly gaining attention in the world for assisting humans with tasks that they could not achieve otherwise. In the medical industry specifically, artificial intelligence has made it possible to almost connect the original human body with another perfected body. This paper is intended to summarize the different conditions that may lead to someone needing a mobility device in the first place, what companies have preexisting parts that we can repurpose for the ideal artificial intelligence assisted mobility device, and the different AI technology that we can use to build this machine.
The main methods utilized to collect the data used in this paper were collecting research from various scientific journals on the different conditions that can lead to the need for a mobility device, data collected from medical technology companies, and research on different artificial intelligence tools. Combining these pieces of research from different scientific journals and technological sources, it was found that the leading causes of falls are a result of cognitive impairment and balance-related issues. It was also concluded that the main pieces of equipment, are already present and would need to be manufactured in a way that the elderly user could use it on a daily basis. The overall research concluded to find that the artificial intelligence device would need to be flexible, durable, and greatest of all, prevent the user from falling or alarm a medical professional that someone is at risk of falling.
Tax Burden and Influencing Factors During Waste Incineration Power PPP Project Operation
Authors: Yang Tong , Yuan Ziwei , Xing Chengran 
Published: June 2023

Waste incineration power generation is an effective way to treat domestic waste as a resource, an effective way to reduce carbon emissions, and an important model for developing the circular economy, practicing the spirit of emission reduction promoted by COP26. The tax burden during the operation of public-private partnerships (PPPs) projects in this field directly affects the selection and development of the supply model. This paper selected the data of enterprises participating in the waste incineration power generation PPP project from the Ministry of Finance’s PPP project management database and the financial data of the company from the CSMAR database for the corresponding year and used tax burden evaluation indicators to empirically analyze the tax burden of the operation period of a waste incineration power generation PPP project from the perspectives of value-added tax and enterprise income tax. It was found that the asset-liability ratio, the income capacity from electricity sales, the profitability, and whether the preferential tax policy of “three exemptions and three halves” could significantly affect the corporate income tax burden of the project had to be considered. Combined with current preferential tax policies, this paper provided targeted optimization suggestions such as emphasizing the role of a “debt tax shield,” optimizing the output structure, and extending the duration of the “three exemptions and three halves” tax incentives. The research in this paper is helpful to find an effective way to reduce the tax burden of enterprises, improve the economic benefits of waste incineration power generation projects, and also provide a reference for the government to formulate more reasonable tax policies and promote a better tax system.

Received: 23 April 2023 | Revised: 16 May 2023 | Accepted: 7 June 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Tong Yang: Conceptualization, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Ziwei Yuan: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft. Chengran Xing: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft.