bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patch seriation to visualize data and model parameters
Authors: Lasfar Rita , Tóth Gergely 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe developed a new seriation merit function for enhancing the visual information of data matrices. A local similarity matrix is calculated, where the average similarity of neighbouring objects is calculated in a limited variable space and a global function is constructed to maximize the local similarities and cluster them into patches by simple row and column ordering. The method identifies data clusters in a powerful way, if the similarity of objects is caused by some variables and these variables differ for the distinct clusters. The method can be used in the presence of missing data and also on more than two-dimensional data arrays. We show the feasibility of the method on different data sets: on QSAR, chemical, material science, food science, cheminformatics and environmental data in two- and three-dimensional cases. The method can be used during the development and the interpretation of artificial neural network models by seriating different features of the models. It helps to identify interpretable models by elucidating clusters of objects, variables and hidden layer neurons.
Graphical Abstract
Phytochemical and functional characterization of fermented Yerba mate using Rhizopus oligosporus
Authors: Kwak So-Hyung , Kim Hayeong , Jeon Ji hyeon , Pal Kunal , Kang Dong-Hyun , Kim Doman 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolid-state fermentation (SSF) was used to enhance the bioactive compounds and biological properties of food materials, such as buckwheat, turmeric, and ginseng. This study was investigated the effects of SSF for up to 10 days usingRhizopus oligosporuson Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensisSt. Hilaire). The total phenolic content of Yerba mate rose to 20% after 1 day fermentation. The saponin contents of Yerba mate rose to 38% after 7 day fermentation. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and caffeine levels were increased up to 27.74% by fermentation, as determined by UPLC-MS analysis. ORAC and FRAP assays showed that the antioxidant activities of Yerba mate were enhanced 1.9- and 1.14-fold after 1 day fermentation. In addition, its inhibitory activities against yeast α-glucosidase and nitric oxide release in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were higher than in the unfermented Yerba mate. Moreover, taste sensory analysis using an electronic tongue sensory system showed that the flavor of Yerba mate after 1 day fermentation was similar to that of the unfermented Yerba mate. These results suggested that solid fermentation usingR. oligosporusis conducive to producing Yerba mate with enhanced biological properties.
Regional economic analysis of major areas in South Korea: using 2005–2010–2015 multi-regional input–output tables
Authors: Lee Seongha , Ishiro Taku 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSouth Korea’s Seoul metropolitan area accounts for more than half of the country’s GDP and population. This phenomenon is exacerbating annually. Regions outside the metropolitan area of Korea are not only decreasing in terms of economic size, but are also becoming more dependent on the metropolitan area in terms of economic structure. Earlier, the metropolitan area was based on the service industry, while other regions had a large manufacturing sector; however, the size of the latter also increased in the metropolitan area over time. To analyze dependence on the Seoul Metropolitan area, this study conducts regional production inducement effects, regional division of labor, and three regional structural decomposition analyses using Korea’s 2005–2010–2015 multi-regional input–output table (MRIO) to further analyze dependence on the metropolitan area. Furthermore, this research integrates industry classification and realizes the price level of input–output tables to link 3 years of MRIO in three industries: wholesale and retail trade and product brokerage services, motor vehicles, semiconductors, and other electronic components. From the inter-regional production inducement effect, the relation between the metropolitan area and each region is calculated using the regional export and import effects of each region. Furthermore, the proportion of metropolitan areas in major industries and their changes are measured through regional division of labor, and through multi regional structural decomposition analysis, the growth factors of each region over 10 years are determined by own region, metropolitan area, and other regions.
Implications of AI innovation on economic growth: a panel data study
Authors: Gonzales Julius Tan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe application of artificial intelligence (AI) across firms and industries warrants a line of research focused on determining its overall effect on economic variables. As a general-purpose technology (GPT), for example, AI helps in the production, marketing, and customer acquisition of firms, increasing their productivity and consumer reach. Aside from these, other effects of AI include enhanced quality of services, improved work accuracy and efficiency, and increased customer satisfaction. Hence, this study aims to gauge the impact of AI on the economy, specifically on long-run economic growth. This study conjectures a positive relationship between AI and economic growth. To test this hypothesis, this study makes use of a panel dataset of countries from 1970 to 2019, and the number of AI patents as a measure of AI. A text search query is performed to distinguish AI patents from other types of innovations in a public database. Employing fixed effects and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation, this paper finds a positive relationship between AI and economic growth, which is higher than the effect of the total population of patents on growth. Furthermore, other results indicate that AI’s influence on growth is more robust among advanced economies, and more evident towards the latter periods of the dataset.
Optical electrocardiogram based heart disease prediction using hybrid deep learning
Authors: Golande Avinash L. , Pavankumar T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe diagnosis and categorization of cardiac disease using the low-cost tool electrocardiogram (ECG) becomes an intriguing study topic when contemplating intelligent healthcare applications. An ECG-based cardiac disease prediction system must be automated, accurate, and lightweight. The deep learning methods recently achieved automation and accuracy across multiple domains. However, applying deep learning for automatic ECG-based heart disease classification is a challenging research problem. Because using solely deep learning approaches failed to detect all of the important beats from the input ECG signal, a hybrid strategy is necessary to improve detection efficiency. The main objective of the proposed model is to enhance the ECG-based heart disease classification efficiency using a hybrid feature engineering approach. The proposed model consists of pre-processing, hybrid feature engineering, and classification. Pre-processing an ECG aims to eliminate powerline and baseline interference without disrupting the heartbeat. To efficiently classify data, we design a hybrid approach using a conventional ECG beats extraction algorithm and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based features. For heart disease prediction, the hybrid feature vector is fed successively into the deep learning classifier Long Term Short Memory (LSTM). The results of the simulations show that the proposed model reduces both the number of diagnostic errors and the amount of time spent on each one when compared to the existing methods.
Common spatial pattern for classification of loving kindness meditation EEG for single and multiple sessions
Authors: Liyanagedera Nalinda D. , Hussain Ali Abdul , Singh Amardeep , Lal Sunil , Kempton Heather , Guesgen Hans W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile a very few studies have been conducted on classifying loving kindness meditation (LKM) and non-meditation electroencephalography (EEG) data for a single session, there are no such studies conducted for multiple session EEG data. Thus, this study aims at classifying existing raw EEG meditation data on single and multiple sessions to come up with meaningful inferences which will be highly beneficial when developing algorithms that can support meditation practices. In this analysis, data have been collected on Pre-Resting (before-meditation), Post-Resting (after-meditation), LKM-Self and LKM-Others for 32 participants and hence allowing us to conduct six pairwise comparisons for the four mind tasks. Common Spatial Patterns (CSP) is a feature extraction method widely used in motor imaginary brain computer interface (BCI), but not in meditation EEG data. Therefore, using CSP in extracting features from meditation EEG data and classifying meditation/non-meditation instances, particularly for multiple sessions will create a new path in future meditation EEG research. The classification was done using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) where both meditation techniques (LKM-Self and LKM-Others) were compared with Pre-Resting and Post-Resting instances. The results show that for a single session of 32 participants, around 99.5% accuracy was obtained for classifying meditation/Pre-Resting instances. For the 15 participants when using five sessions of EEG data, around 83.6% accuracy was obtained for classifying meditation/Pre-Resting instances. The results demonstrate the ability to classify meditation/Pre-Resting data. Most importantly, this classification is possible for multiple session data as well. In addition to this, when comparing the classification accuracies of the six mind task pairs; LKM-Self, LKM-Others and Post-Resting produced relatively lower accuracies among them than the accuracies obtained for classifying Pre-Resting with the other three. This indicates that Pre-Resting has some features giving a better classification indicating that it is different from the other three mind tasks.
Potential Determinants of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies and Mortality Risk: Results From the ELSA-Brasil Study
Authors: Meneghini Vandrize , Tebar William Rodrigues , Santos Itamar Souza , Janovsky Carolina Castro Porto Silva , de Almeida-Pititto Bianca , Birck Marina Gabriela , Lotufo Paulo Andrade , Goulart Alessandra Carvalho , Sgarbi José Augusto , Teixeira Patrícia de Fátima dos Santos , Silva Gisela Tunes da , Benseñor Isabela Martins 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Context
The presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) may be considered as an indicator of adverse health outcomes.

Objective
We aimed to investigate the potential determinants of TPOAb levels and to analyze the association between TPOAb titers and the risk of all- and specific-cause mortality.

Methods
Baseline and longitudinal data of 13 187 participants from the ELSA-Brasil Study were analyzed. We investigated the association of TPOAb, detectability, positivity, and persistent positivity with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors using logistic regressions. Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard regression analyses were used to verify the association of TPOAbs with mortality.

Results
The determinants of TPOAb detectability and positivity were younger age, higher body mass index, female sex, and former and current smoking status. Black, mixed, and other self-reported races, intermediate and higher education, and heavy drinking were determinants of detectable and positive TPOAb levels. Female sex, White race, and former smoking were determinants of persistent TPOAb positivity at 2 visits, although only the female sex maintained its association at 3 visits. Moreover, after multivariate adjustment, there were associations between higher levels of TPOAbs and higher risk of cancer-related mortality among men, and TPOAb detectability and mortality by other causes among women.

Conclusion
Sociodemographic and lifestyle-related factors were determinants of multiple TPOAb categories. TPOAb levels were associated with mortality risk; however, the low mortality rate in this sample might have compromised this finding. We suggest further studies to explore the clinical importance of detectable TPOAb levels, not only its positivity, as a potential marker of inflammation.
Successes and challenges in extracting information from DICOM image databases for audit and research
Authors: Mackenzie Alistair , Lewis Emma , Loveland John 
Published: September 2023

In radiography, much valuable associated data (metadata) is generated during image acquisition. The current setup of picture archive and communication systems (PACS) can make extraction of this metadata difficult, especially as it is typically stored with the image. The aim of this work is to examine the current challenges in extracting image metadata and to discuss the potential benefits of using this rich information. This work focuses on breast screening, though the conclusions are applicable to other modalities. The data stored in PACS contain information, currently underutilised, and is of great benefit for auditing and improving imaging and radiographic practice. From the literature, we present examples of the potential clinical benefit such as audits of dose, and radiographic practice, as well as more advanced research highlighting the effects of radiographic practice, e.g. cancer detection rates affected by imaging technology. This review considers the challenges in extracting data, namely, • The search tools for data on most PACS are inadequate being both time-consuming and limited in elements that can be searched. • Security and information governance considerations • Anonymisation of data if required • Data curation The review describes some solutions that have been successfully implemented. • Retrospective extraction: direct query on PACS • Extracting data prospectively • Use of structured reports • Use of trusted research environments Ultimately, the data access process will be made easier by inclusion during PACS procurement. Auditing data from PACS can be used to improve quality of imaging and workflow, all of which will be a clinical benefit to patients.
Radiographic assessment of sacral hiatus anatomy with backache
Authors: Khokhar Samia khalid , Khan Dr. Ambreen Surti , Qamar Aisha , Khaliq Dr. Saneed 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: To determine hiatal variations in cases of backache and controls on radiographs and association of age groups with hiatal parameters in patients with backache versus normal individuals.
Methods: This case control study on 178 patients (89 cases and 89 controls), aged from 18-65 years, selected by non-probability convenience sampling was conducted at Radiology Department of PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi over six months.The sacral hiatus was identified on lumbosacral spine radiographs. Both metric and non-metric parameters of hiatus with respect to sacral vertebra were noted and compared between the groups.
Results: Inverted “U” was the most common type observed in cases with base of hiatus at S5 level. Comparison of hiatal shape among different age groups showed inverted “U” and inverted “V” types among all age groups. Hiatal anteroposterior diameter and width were greatest in 36-45-year age group, and it was longest in 46-55-year age group. Determination of relationship between sacral hiatal parameters and incidence of low back pain showed positive association of inverted “U” and “M” shapes with back pain. Increased risk of back pain was observed with high apex (first sacral vertebra (S1)).
Conclusion: Strong positive correlation was determined with inverted “U” and “M” shapes, and level of apex at S1 with low backache.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7112
How to cite this: Khokhar SK, Surti A, Qamar A, Khaliq S .Radiographic assessment of sacral hiatus anatomy with backache. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7112
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Correlation between Triclosan (TCS) exposure and endometriosis
Authors: Ma Kailai , Cheng Yan , Guo Hongling , Wang Jianguo , Yu Tingting 
Published: September 2023

Objective: To study the correlation of Triclosan (TCS) exposure with typing and staging of endometriosis, and with other potential influencing factors.
Methods: This was a retrospective study. Thirty two patients that were diagnosed with endometriosis by laparoscopy or surgery in Taicang First People’s Hospital from May 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled in the endometriosis group, and patients who were confirmed free of endometriosis by surgeries for other purposes during the same period were enrolled as the control group. All blood samples were tested twice in two different vials. The association of TCS exposure level with occurrence, staging, typing of endometriosis, and income of the patients were analyzed.
Results: Patients with endometriosis had significantly higher TCS exposure levels than the control group. TCS exposure level in patients with endometriosis was positively correlated with patient income), and was significantly higher in patients with Stage-IV endometriosis than in those with Stage-III and II diseases. TCS exposure levels showed no significant difference among patients with ovarian type, ovarian + peritoneal type, and deep nodular type endometriosis TCS exposure level in patients with endometriosis was positively correlated with the staging of the disease. TCS exposure was highly positively correlated with the staging of the disease in patients with ovarian type endometriosis and in patients with deep nodular endometriosis, but there’s no such correlation in patients with ovarian + peritoneal type endometriosis.
Conclusion: TCS exposure level in endometriosis patients was higher than that in normal women, and is positively correlated with endometriosis staging and income of the patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7170
How to cite this: Ma K, Cheng Y, Guo H, Wang J, Yu T. Correlation between Triclosan (TCS) exposure and endometriosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7170
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Spontaneous decompression of sigmoid volvulus
Authors: Aksungur Nurhak , Peksoz Rifat , Disci Esra , Atamanalp Sabri Selcuk 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Spontaneous decompression is an uncommon outcome of sigmoid volvulus (SV). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of spontaneously decompressed SV.
Methods: We utilized the data of our 1,063 SV patients, the most comprehensive monocenter SV series in the world. To obtain the worldwide data on the spontaneous decompression of SV, we researched the last 56-years’ literature in Web of Science and PubMed databases.
Results: The incidence of the spontaneous decompression was 0.1% (1/1,063) in our SV series, whereas it was 1.5% (8/549) in the worldwide data (Fisher exact test, p = 0.001). By this way, cumulative spontaneous decompression rate was found as 0.6% (9/1,602). In the spontaneously decompressed cases, the main clinical features were abdominal pain/tenderness, distention, and obstipation, which were similar to management-required patients. However, the treatment and follow-up algorithm is still a relatively undefined subject.
Conclusion: Spontaneous decompression of SV is a very rare clinical entity. The clinical presentation and diagnosis of the spontaneously decompressed SV look alike the management-required SV. However, as seen in most management-required patients, SV tends to recur in the spontaneously decompressed cases and a recurrence-reducing procedure is required in selected patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.8052
How to cite this: Aksungur N, Peksoz R, Disci E, Atamanalp SS. Spontaneous decompression of sigmoid volvulus. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.8052
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Recent discoveries in preventing mental impairments and ICU staff interventions in post-intensive care syndrome
Authors: Zalewski Paweł , Gruca Dariusz , Raabe Adam , Wais Marcin , Wróblewski Wiktor 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Mental impairments such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety are alarming problems in the ICU-survivors population because of the higher survival rate due to medical, scientific and technological progress. There are more and more patients facing long-term emotional consequences of critical illness. The main purpose of this review is to describe recent research about possible interventions and methods of prevention of mental impairments after an ICU stay made since 2015.
Review methods
The review was made using online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar.
Brief description of the state of knowledge
Recent trials included in our review suggest that the sedation strategy has no significant impact on mental impairments in ICU survivors. ICU diaries seem to be a well-accepted and cheap method of prevention of mental disorders after critical illness but their universal usefulness is difficult to determine because variable factors like hospital and country levels influence the trials on patients. Nurse-led intervention programs, virtual reality and antioxidants described in recent studies also show no significant decrease in PTS symptoms in ICU survivors. Initial effects of mobile apps-based psychoeducational programs are comparable to therapist-led programs.
Summary
We did not find any evidence-based revolutionary method of prevention or intervention to help improve the mental health of ICU survivors. We think that the growing seriousness of this problem will lead to further research to cope with this phenomenon.