bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Evidence Supporting the Interfacial Model of Electrically Conductive Polymer Composites. 2. Indication of Phase Separation during Ageing of Polyaniline-Poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) Composites
Authors: Tsanov Tihomir , Terlemezyan Levon 
Published: April 2023

Phase separation in conductive polyaniline-poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (PANI-EVA) composite films, resulting in formation of PANI enriched (lower side) and PANI deficient (upper side) layers was found during storage of these composites. A distinct difference in the conductivity of the two sides of the films reaching a half order of magnitude was detected. It was shown that phase separation and conductive pathways formation resulted from flocculation of PANI particles during ageing of the films. Subsequently, the total electrical conductivity of the composites of lower PANI content (up to 2.5 wt. %) was substantially enhanced (ca. five orders of magnitude). The observed conductivity jump and phase separation phenomena have been discussed using mathematical terms. Moreover, for the first time a mathematical interpretation of the evolution in percolation behaviour of PANI-EVA composites over time is presented. Coefficients of correlation (rxy) between average conductivity, σ, (y) and PANI content (x) in the composites were calculated to be ca. 0.85 - 0.99. Besides, the shape of percolation curves (σ vs. PANI content) was found to change during storage of the films. The unstable conducting properties (both conductivity jump and phase separation phenomena) of PANI-EVA composites over time revealed their dissipative nature, and have to be regarded as evidence supporting the dynamic interfacial model of conductive polymer composites.
Centrifugal Casting of Polyamide 6 I. Influence of Thermal Treatment
Authors: Rusu M. , Ibanescu Constanta , Murariu M. , Bordeianu Alexandrina , Balint S. , Andrei Elena 
Published: April 2023

Centrifugal casting combined with anionic polymerisation of ε-caprolactam was used to obtain polyamide 6 tubes. These tubes were thermally treated (7 - 8 hours at 170°C) to improve their properties. Comparative analysis of thermally treated and untreated products allows the conclusion that the thermal treatments improved the polymers’ crystallinity and the products became more suitable for certain specific applications (such as slide bearings).
Effects of Non-Uniform Particle Distributions on Damage Evolution in Pre-Cracked, Particulate Composite Specimens
Authors: Kwon Y.W. , Liu C.T. 
Published: April 2023

Particle distribution in a particulate composite, in general, cannot be controlled so that a composite specimen can have a non-uniform particle distribution. This study examines the effects of non-uniform particle distributions in particulate composite specimens made of hard particles embedded in a soft rubbery binder on the crack tip behaviour, using a numerical technique called a micro/macro-approach. This technique couples the micro-level and macro-level analyses. The micro-level analysis uses a three-dimensional unit-cell model and a continuum damage theory at the constituent material level (the particles and the binder) while the macro-level analysis utilizes the finite element method at the smeared composite specimen level. Both analyses are conducted in tandem as damage evolves in the specimens. The study investigates the damage evolution around the crack tip, the resulting stress variation near the crack tip, and the crack opening displacement for several specimens with different particle distributions. All the specimens have the same average particle volume fraction so that all of them have the same average effective elastic modulus. Every specimen has multiple zones, each of which has a uniform particle distribution. A crack is located in a single zone. The numerical results indicate a possible wide variation of crack tip behaviours, for example, with respect to fracture strength from specimen to specimen, depending on the state of particle volume distribution and the location of the crack.
A Comparison of Hospice Care Utilization Between Rural and Urban Children in Appalachia: A Geographic Information Systems Analysis
Authors: Svynarenko Radion , Huang Guoping , Keim-Malpass Jessica , Cozad Melanie J. , Qualls Kerri A. , Stone Sharp Whitney , Kirkland Deb A. , Lindley Lisa C. 
Published: April 2023

Long driving times from hospice providers to patients lead to poor quality of care, which may exacerbate in rural and highly isolated areas of Appalachia. This study aimed to investigate geographic patterns of pediatric hospice care across Appalachia. Using person-level Medicaid claims of 1,788 pediatric hospice enrollees who resided in the Appalachian Region between 2011 and 2013. A database of boundaries of Appalachian counties, postal addresses of hospices, and population-weighted county centroids of residences of hospice enrollees driving times from the nearest hospices were calculated. A choropleth map was created to visualize rural/urban differences in receiving hospice care. The average driving time from hospice to child residence was 28 minutes (SD = 26). The longest driving time was in Eastern Kentucky—126 minutes (SD = 32), and the shortest was in South Carolina—11 min (SD = 9.1). The most significant differences in driving times between rural and urban counties were found in Virginia 28 (SD = 7.5) and 5 minutes (SD = 0), respectively, Tennessee—43 (SD = 28) and 8 minutes (SD = 7), respectively; and West Virginia—49 (SD = 30) and 12 minutes (SD = 4), respectively. Many pediatric hospice patients reside in isolated counties with long driving times from the nearest hospices. State-level policies should be developed to reduce driving times from hospice providers.
The Adaptive, Pain Sensitive, and Global Symptoms Clusters: Evidence from a Patient-Based Study
Authors: Al-Hamed F.S. , Alonso A.A. , Vivaldi D. , Smith S.B. , Meloto C. B. 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The largest epidemiologic study conducted about painful temporomandibular disorders (pTMDs) to date identified 3 clusters of individuals with similar symptoms—adaptive, pain sensitive, and global symptoms—which hold promise as a means of personalizing pain care. Our goal was to compare the clinical and psychological characteristics that are consistent with a pTMD clinical examination among patients who are seeking care and assigned to the different clusters. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the medical records of patients attending Duke Innovative Pain Therapies between August 2017 and April 2021 who received a pTMD diagnosis (i.e., myalgia) and consented to have their data used for research. Data included orofacial and pain-related measures, dental features, and psychological measures. We used the Rapid OPPERA Algorithm to assign clusters to patients and multinomial regression to determine the likelihood (odds ratios [OR] and 95% confidence intervals [CI]) of being assigned to the pain sensitive or global symptoms cluster attributed to each measure. Results: In total, 131 patients were included in this study and assigned a cluster: adaptive ( n = 54, 41.2%), pain sensitive ( n = 49, 37.4%), and global symptoms ( n = 28, 21.4%). The PS cluster displayed greater numbers of temporomandibular joint sites (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.65) and masticatory (1.48; 1.19 to 1.83) and cervical (1.23; 1.09 to 1.39) muscles with pain evoked by palpation. The GS cluster displayed greater scores of pain catastrophizing (1.04; 1.01 to 1.06) and perceived stress (1.23; 1.03 to 1.46) and was more likely to report persistent pain (16.23; 1.92 to 137.1) of higher impact (1.43; 1.14 to 1.80). Conclusion: Our findings support that care-seeking patients with pTMDs who are assigned to the GS cluster display a poorer psychological profile, even though those assigned to the PS cluster display more measures consistent with orofacial pain. Findings also establish the PS cluster as a group that does not display psychological comorbidities despite being hypersensitive. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This study informs clinicians that patients seeking care for painful temporomandibular disorders, in specific cases of myalgia, can be classified into 1 of 3 groups that display unique profiles of symptoms. Most importantly, it emphasizes the importance of examining patients with painful temporomandibular disorders in a holistic manner that includes assessing symptoms of psychological distress. Patients with greater psychological distress will likely benefit from multidisciplinary treatment strategies that may include psychological treatments.
Association of hyperglycemia ratio and ventricular arrhythmia in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: Shen Hechen , Wang Song , Zhang Chong , Gao Wenqing , Cui Xiaoqiong , Zhang Qiang , Lang Yuheng , Ning Meng , Li Tong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The relationship between relative hyperglycemia and ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and VA in this population.

Methods
This retrospective and observational study analyzed data from 4324 critically ill patients admitted to the ICU, obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. The SHR was calculated as the highest blood glucose level during the first 24 h of ICU admission divided by the admission blood glucose level. Based on the optimal cut-off values under the receiver operating characteristic curve, patients were stratified into high SHR (≥ 1.31) and low SHR (< 1.31) group. To investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the outcome, patients were stratified as low SHR/DM; low SHR/non-DM; high SHR/DM, and high SHR/non-DM. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between SHR and VA.

Results
A total of 4,324 critically ill patients were included in this retrospective and observational study. The incidence of VA was higher in the high SHR group. Multiple-adjusted RCS revealed a “J-shaped” correlation between SHR and VA morbidity. The logistic regression model demonstrated that high SHR was associated with VA. The high SHR/non-DM group had a higher risk of VA than other groups stratified based on SHR and DM. Subgroup analysis showed that high SHR was associated with an increased risk of VA in patients with coronary artery disease.

Conclusion
High SHR is an independent risk factor and has potential as a biomarker of higher VT/VF risk in ICU-admitted patients.
Surgical treatment of rare pediatric cardiac myxomas:12 years clinical experience in a single institution
Authors: Zhao Shengliang , Li Hua , Wu Chun , Pan Zhengxia , Wang Gang , Dai Jiangtao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary cardiac tumors are rare, and cardiac myxoma (CM) accounts for the majority of these tumors. Most of the reports in the literature are case reports. This study summarizes our clinical experience in the surgical treatment of CM over the past 12 years.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 23 children with CM(8 boys, 15 girls; median age: 8.92 months, range: 2 years 5 months-12 years 9 months; body weight: 11-45 kg, median body weight: 28.21 kg) admitted to our hospital in the previous 12 years, and we statistically analyzed their clinical manifestations and surgical methods.

Results
23 cases underwent myxoma excision under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). The follow-up period was 0.2 to 12.6 years (mean:7.2 years). Two patients could not be traced, and the follow-up completion rate was 91.30%. One patient (4.35%) died of myocardial infarction early after surgery with low continuous cardiac output. There were no cerebral embolism, acute heart failure, atrioventricular block and other related complications in 19 cases. A patient with cerebral infarction complicated with right hemiplegia recovered well after rehabilitation treatment. There was no recurrence of CM in 19 cases and all patients recovered after surgery. One patient relapsed 5 years after surgery, and no tumor recurrence was observed after the second surgery. Among the 20 long-term survivors, 13 (65.00%) were NYHA Class I patients and 7(35.00%) were NYHA Class II patients.

Conclusions
Although CM in children is rare, it may cause cerebral infarction and other multi-organ embolism. Once CM is found and removed as soon as possible, it can reduce serious complications. If the complete resection is possible, surgery provides better palliation. Follow-up echocardiographic should be paid attention to after surgery.
Knowledge, attitude, behaviour, and influencing factors of home-based medication safety among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yu-ting Yang , Yong-wei Yang , Miao Yao , Qiong Ye , Meng-yu Wu , Ting Lin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Older adults with chronic diseases require long-term medication. However, due to lack of drug knowledge and hypomnesia, older adults with chronic diseases are prone to adverse drug events and increased medical costs. This study aimed to explore the status and influencing factors of home-based medication safety among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases in China to provide a basis for follow-up to conduct targeted health education.

Methods
Overall, 427 community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases participated in this study. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviour of Medication Safety among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases Questionnaire was used to assess their home-based medication safety. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify the factors influencing knowledge, attitude, and behaviour regarding medication safety.

Results
The average score of home-based medication safety among older adults with chronic diseases was 68.26 ± 8.96, indicating that they had a moderate grasp of medication safety. The scoring rate of each subscale was ranked from high to low as follows: behaviour (84.51%), knowledge (63.33%), and attitude (47.39%). Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that medication safety knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours were significantly associated with higher monthly income, adverse drug events, and taking medicine several times a day (p < 0.05). Additional influencing factors included having fewer chronic diseases, being female, higher educational attainment, taking medicines multiple kinds a day, better self-care ability, and non-hospitalisation for chronic illnesses (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Medical staff and community workers should pay attention to the drug safety of older adults with different characteristics and mobilise their enthusiasm for participation to improve their medication self-management ability.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Register: ChiCTR2200060987; reg. date: 15/06/2022.
Relationship between borderline personality features, emotion regulation, and non-suicidal self-injury in depressed adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Yang , Fu Wenxian , Ji Sifan , Zhang Wei , Sun Lingmin , Yang Tingting , He Kongliang , Zhou Yongjie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common among adolescents and has been linked to mental disorders and suicide in addition to physical injuries. According to the empirical avoidance model, adolescents with NSSI have stronger emotional affect and poorer emotional regulation than those without NSSI, and these constitute core features of borderline personality disorder (BPD). The relationship between borderline personality features, emotional regulation, and NSSI in the population is unclear. This study explored these associations to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of NSSI in the future.

Methods
Depressed adolescents (n = 1192) were evaluated using Chinese versions of the Function Assessment of Self-mutilation Scale, Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, and Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children.

Results
The majority of depressed adolescents (71.3%, 850/1192) had demonstrated NSSI in the past year, with cutting or scratching being the most common form (57.4%). Pearson correlation analysis with NSSI as a fixed factor (NSSI = 1, no NSSI = 2) revealed a negative correlation between NSSI and borderline personality features (r = -0.314, P < 0.01) but a positive correlation between NSSI and emotional regulation capacity (r = 0.159, P < 0.01), which was positively correlated with the expression suppression dimension (r = 0.079, p < 0.01); however, there was no significant correlation between the cognitive reappraisal dimension and expression suppression (r = 0.022, p > 0.05). The occurrence of NSSI was also positively correlated with borderline personality features in general (r = 0.314, p < 0.01). These results were statistically significant. Emotional regulation played a mediating role between borderline personality traits and NSSI in adolescents with depression (effect value = 0.151).

Conclusion
Borderline personality features and emotional regulation ability were significantly correlated with NSSI in depressed adolescents. Borderline personality symptoms not only directly influenced NSSI risk in adolescents with depression, but also indirectly influenced NSSI risk through emotional regulation.
Canadian public perceptions and experiences with information during the COVID-19 pandemic: strategies to optimize future risk communications
Authors: Theivendrampillai Suvabna , Cooper Jeanette , Lee Taehoon , Lau Michelle Wai Ki , Marquez Christine , Straus Sharon E. , Fahim Christine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the spread of misinformation worldwide. The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of misinformation and preferred sources of obtaining COVID-19 information from those living in Canada. In particular, we sought to explore the perceptions of East Asian individuals in Canada, who experienced stigma related to COVID-19 messaging.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis study. Interviews were offered in English, Mandarin and Cantonese. Interviewers probed for domains related to knowledge about COVID-19, preferred sources of information, perceived barriers and facilitators of misinformation, and preferences for communication during a health emergency. Interviews were recorded, translated, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a framework approach. Transcripts were independently double-coded until > 60% agreement was reached. This study received research ethics approval.

Results
Fifty-five interviews were conducted. The majority of participants were women (67%); median age was 52 years. 55% of participants were of East-Asian descent. Participants obtained information about COVID-19 from diverse English and non-English sources including news media, government agencies or representatives, social media, and personal networks. Challenges to seeking and understanding information included: encountering misinformation, making sense of evolving or conflicting public health guidance, and limited information on topics of interest. 65% of participants reported encountering COVID-19 misinformation. East Asian participants called on government officials to champion messaging to reduce stigmatizing and racist rhetoric and highlighted the importance of having accessible, non-English language information sources. Participants provided recommendations for future public health communications guidance during health emergencies, including preferences for message content, information messengers, dissemination platforms and format of messages. Almost all participants preferred receiving information from the Canadian government and found it helpful to utilize various mediums and platforms such as social media and news media for future risk communication, urging for consistency across all platforms.

Conclusions
We provide insights on Canadian experiences navigating COVID-19 information, where more than half perceived encountering misinformation on platforms when seeking COVID-19 information . We provide recommendations to inform public health communications during future health emergencies.
A new method for predicting the microvascular invasion status of hepatocellular carcinoma through neural network analysis
Authors: Zheng Jinli , Wei Xiaozhen , Wang Ning , Pu Xingyu , Yang Jiayin , Jiang Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims
To determine the relationship between microvascular invasion (MVI) and the clinical features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and provide a method to evaluate MVI status by neutral network analysis.

Methods
The patients were divided into two groups (MVI-positive group and MVI-negative group). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out to identify the independent risk factors for MVI positivity. Neural network analysis was used to analyze the different importance of the risk factors in MVI prediction.

Results
We enrolled 1697 patients in this study. We found that the independent prognostic factors were age, NEU, multiple tumors, AFP level and tumor diameter. By neural network analysis, we proposed that the level of AFP was the most important risk factor for HCC in predicting MVI status (the AUC was 0.704). However, age was the most important risk factor for early-stage HCC with a single tumor (the AUC was 0.605).

Conclusion
Through the neutral network analysis, we could conclude that the level of AFP is the most important risk factor for MVI-positive patients and the age is the most important risk factor for early-stage HCC with a single tumor.
Efficacy and safety of Water Vapor Thermal Therapy in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a systematic review and single-arm Meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Junyi , Wu Weisong , Amier Yirixiatijiang , Li Xianmiao , Wan Wenlong , Liu Chang , Zhang Yucong , Yu Xiao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic condition among men aged 50 or older, causing voiding and obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms. Water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT) using the Rezūm® system is a new minimally invasive surgical technique that is increasingly reported as a treatment for BPH.

Methods
The protocol was submitted to the PROSPERO registry. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov up to July 29, 2022. Quality assessment was carried out by a 20-item checklist form prepared by the Institute of Health Economics (IHE). Double arcsine transformation was performed to stabilize the variance of the original ratio. When I2 > 50%, the random effect model was used to calculate the pooled parameters. Otherwise, the fixed effect model was used. 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of each study on the pooled outcomes, and finally, Egger’s test was used to assess publication bias.

Results
A total of seven single-arm observational studies and one random controlled trial, including 1015 patients, were included. One year after WVTT, the International Prostate Symptom Score decreased by 11.37 (95% CI: -12.53, -10.21), the IPSS Quality of Life scale decreased by 2.59 (95% CI: -2.92, -2.26), the maximum urine flow rate increased by 5.26 ml/s (95% CI: 4.53, 5.99), and the postvoid residual decreased by 13.18 ml (95% CI: -24.32, -2.03). The most common complication was dysuria, with a pooled incidence of 21% (95% CI: 14%, 29%), and the second most common complication was hematuria, with a pooled incidence of 14% (95% CI: 10%, 18%). The pooled incidence of retreatment was 3% (95% CI: 2%, 5%).

Conclusions
WVTT is an attractive alternative to medication or more invasive surgical procedures and can serve as first-line therapy for men with BPH.