bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Just visiting: A qualitative study of Australian allied health professionals' experiences working in residential aged care facilities during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Meulenbroeks Isabelle , Seaman Karla , Raban Magdalena Z. , Wabe Nasir , Westbrook Johanna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesInternationally, the COVID‐19 pandemic has negatively impacted health professionals' experiences of delivering effective care. The experiences of health professionals are important: poor experience has been associated with poorer patient outcomes and high staff turnover. This study aimed to narratively explore the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the experience of delivering allied health (AH) care in Australian residential aged care (RAC).MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted in February–May 2022 with AH professionals who had experience working in RAC during the pandemic. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed in NVivo 20. Twenty‐five per cent of interview transcripts were independently analysed by three researchers to create a coding structure.ResultsThree themes were identified from interviews with 15 AH professionals to describe experiences delivering care pre‐COVID‐19, during COVID‐19, and perceptions of care delivery in future. Prepandemic AH in RAC was believed to be under‐resourced, delivering low‐quality and reactive care. During the pandemic, pauses in, and the slow resumption of, AH services exacerbated professionals' feelings of being undervalued in resident care and in the workforce. Participants were optimistic about the impact AH could have in RAC in future if practice was embedded, multidisciplinary and funded appropriately.ConclusionsAH professionals' experiences of delivering care in RAC are often poor, regardless of the pandemic. Further research on multidisciplinary practice and health professional experience in RAC is needed.
The end of bamboo houses in northern Laos
Authors: Stolz Rosalie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile we know much about the beginnings of houses, we rarely know about their endings. Yet, to understand the temporality of houses and the entanglement of the biographies of houses and their residents, the analysis of their endings is particularly relevant. The case of Khmu houses is especially suggestive here, for it shows that the end of a house is not an exceptional phenomenon, nor a symptom of crisis, but an inevitable and intended part of its life cycle. Unintended ends, on the other hand, may continue to be animated. While bamboo houses can be assumed to have reached their end due to the widespread use of timber and, increasingly, of concrete. However, bamboo as a building material still appears convenient for fulfilling certain ends, which means that it may resurface even in novel ways.
Prospective evaluation of pregnancy outcomes after gestational exposure to prazosin
Authors: Zitoun Natalie , Campbell M. Karen , Matsui Doreen , Garcia‐Bournissen Facundo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsPrazosin is an antihypertensive medication which can be used to help with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Little data is currently available on its safety in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess the fetal and pregnancy safety associated with prazosin exposures in early pregnancy.MethodsSubjects were 11 patients who took prazosin during pregnancy and were counselled at the FRAME clinic in London Health Sciences Centre (Ontario, Canada) between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2021. Data on their other exposures and pregnancy outcomes were collected from medical records and through telephone questionnaires.ResultsIt was found that 6/11 (54.5%) subjects did not report any adverse outcomes and experienced uneventful pregnancies. There were two miscarriages. Birthweights were within the normal range for the remaining nine pregnancies. Adverse events reported were consistent with background population expectation, including: one postpartum haemorrhage, one case of preeclampsia, one preterm birth, two NICU admissions, and two caesarean sections.ConclusionsFor these 11 subjects, pregnancy outcomes after exposure to prazosin were consistent with typical outcomes from unexposed pregnancies. More data are needed to conclude that prazosin is safe for use in pregnant subjects. However, the lack of adverse effects above baseline is reassuring to future patients who may be unintentionally exposed to prazosin while pregnant. Therefore, this study contributes valuable data towards monitoring safety of prazosin in pregnancy.
T cell immune profiling of respiratory syncytial virus for the development of a targeted immunotherapy
Authors: Papayanni Penelope Georgia , Koukoulias Kiriakos , Kuvalekar Manik , Watanabe Ayumi , Velazquez Yovana , Ramos Carlos A. , Leen Ann M. , Vasileiou Spyridoula 
Published: June 2023

SummaryRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)‐associated viral infections are a major public health problem affecting the immunologically naïve/compromised populations. Given the RSV‐associated morbidity and the limited treatment options, we sought to characterize the cellular immune response to RSV to develop a targeted T cell therapy for off‐the‐shelf administration to immunocompromised individuals. Here we report on the immunological profiling, as well as manufacturing, characterization and antiviral properties of these RSV‐targeted T cells. A randomized, phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating their safety and activity in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients as an off‐the‐shelf multi‐respiratory virus‐directed product is currently underway (NCT04933968, https://clinicaltrials.gov).
Harnessing Computational Complexity Theory to Model Human Decision‐making and Cognition
Authors: Franco Juan Pablo , Murawski Carsten 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA central aim of cognitive science is to understand the fundamental mechanisms that enable humans to navigate and make sense of complex environments. In this letter, we argue that computational complexity theory, a foundational framework for evaluating computational resource requirements, holds significant potential in addressing this challenge. As humans possess limited cognitive resources for processing vast amounts of information, understanding how humans perform complex cognitive tasks requires comprehending the underlying factors that drive information processing demands. Computational complexity theory provides a comprehensive theoretical framework to achieve this goal. By adopting this framework, we can gain new insights into how cognitive systems work and develop a more nuanced understanding of the relation between task complexity and human behavior. We provide empirical evidence supporting our argument and identify several open research questions and challenges in applying computational complexity theory to human decision‐making and cognitive science at large.
Combined use of right ventricular coupling and pulmonary arterial elastance as a comprehensive stratification approach for right ventricular function
Authors: Wu Yihang , Tian Pengchao , Liang Lin , Chen Yuyi , Feng Jiayu , Huang Boping , Huang Liyan , Zhao Xuemei , Wang Jing , Guan Jingyuan , Li Xinqing , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRight ventricular (RV)‐pulmonary arterial uncoupling is the consequence of increased afterload and/or decreased RV contractility. However, the combination of arterial elastance (Ea) and end‐systolic elastance (Ees)/Ea ratio to assess RV function is unclear. We hypothesized that the combination of both could comprehensively assess RV function and refine risk stratification. The median Ees/Ea ratio (0.80) and Ea (0.59 mmHg/mL) were used to classify 124 patients with advanced heart failure into four groups. RV systolic pressure differential was defined as end‐systolic pressure (ESP) minus beginning‐systolic pressure (BSP). Patients among different subsets showed dissimilar New York Heart Association functional class (V = 0.303, p = 0.010), distinct tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/ pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mm/mmHg; 0.65 vs. 0.44 vs. 0.32 vs. 0.26, p < 0.001), and diverse prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (33.3% vs. 35% vs. 90% vs. 97.6%, p < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, Ees/Ea ratio (hazard ratio [HR] 0.225, p = 0.004) and Ea (HR 2.194, p = 0.003) were independently associated with event‐free survival. Patients with Ees/Ea ratio greater than or equal to 0.80 and Ea less than 0.59 mmHg/mL had better outcomes (p < 0.05). In patients with Ees/Ea ratio greater than or equal to 0.80, those with Ea greater than or equal to 0.59 mmHg/mL had a higher adverse outcome risk (p < 0.05). Ees/Ea ratio less than or equal to 0.80 was associated with adverse outcomes, even when Ea was less than 0.59 mmHg/mL (p < 0.05). Approximately 86% of patients with ESP‐BSP greater than 5 mmHg had an Ees/Ea ratio less than or equal to 0.80 and/or an Ea greater than or equal to 0.59 mmHg/mL (V = 0.336, p = 0.001). Combined use of Ees/Ea ratio and Ea could be a comprehensive approach to assessing RV function and predicting outcomes. An exploratory analysis demonstrated that Ees/Ea ratio and Ea might be roughly estimated based on RV systolic pressure differential.
Lack of early sensitivity and gradual emergence of native phoneme categories: A pattern from underrepresented language learners
Authors: Choi Youngon , Nam Minji , Yamane Naoto , Mazuka Reiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPerceptual narrowing of speech perception supposes that young infants can discriminate most speech sounds early in life. During the second half of the first year, infants’ phonetic sensitivity is attuned to their native phonology. However, supporting evidence for this pattern comes primarily from learners from a limited number of regions and languages. Very little evidence has accumulated on infants learning languages spoken in Asia, which accounts for most of the world's population. The present study examined the developmental trajectory of Korean‐learning infants’ sensitivity to a native stop contrast during the first year of life. The Korean language utilizes unusual voiceless three‐way stop categories, requiring target categories to be derived from tight phonetic space. Further, two of these categories—lenis and aspirated—have undergone a diachronic change in recent decades as the primary acoustic cue for distinction has shifted among modern speakers. Consequently, the input distributions of these categories are mixed across speakers and speech styles, requiring learners to build flexible representations of target categories along these variations. The results showed that among the three age groups—4–6 months, 7–9 months, and 10–12 months—we tested, only 10–12‐month‐olds showed weak sensitivity to the two categories, suggesting that robust discrimination is not in place by the end of the first year. The study adds scarcely represented data, lending additional support for the lack of early sensitivity and prolonged emergence of native phonology that are inconsistent with learners of predominant studies and calls for more diverse samples to verify the generality of the typical perceptual narrowing pattern.Research Highlights
We investigated Korean‐learning infants’ developmental trajectory of native phoneme categories and whether they show the typical perceptual narrowing pattern.
Robust discrimination did not appear until 12 months, suggesting that Korean infants’ native phonology is not stabilized by the end of the first year.
The prolonged emergence of sensitivity could be due to restricted phonetic space and input variations but suggests the possibility of a different developmental trajectory.
The current study contributes scarcely represented Korean‐learning infants’ phonetic discrimination data to the speech development field.
The ecological causes of functional distinctiveness in communities
Authors: Munoz François , Klausmeier Christopher A. , Gaüzère Pierre , Kandlikar Gaurav , Litchman Elena , Mouquet Nicolas , Ostling Annette , Thuiller Wilfried , Algar Adam C. , Auber Arnaud , Cadotte Marc W. , Delalandre Léo , Denelle Pierre , Enquist Brian J. , Fortunel Claire , Grenié Matthias , Loiseau Nicolas , Mahaut Lucie , Maire Anthony , Mouillot David , Pimiento Catalina , Violle Cyrille , Kraft Nathan J. B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent work has shown that evaluating functional trait distinctiveness, the average trait distance of a species to other species in a community offers promising insights into biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem functioning. However, the ecological mechanisms underlying the emergence and persistence of functionally distinct species are poorly understood. Here, we address the issue by considering a heterogeneous fitness landscape whereby functional dimensions encompass peaks representing trait combinations yielding positive population growth rates in a community. We identify four ecological cases contributing to the emergence and persistence of functionally distinct species. First, environmental heterogeneity or alternative phenotypic designs can drive positive population growth of functionally distinct species. Second, sink populations with negative population growth can deviate from local fitness peaks and be functionally distinct. Third, species found at the margin of the fitness landscape can persist but be functionally distinct. Fourth, biotic interactions (positive or negative) can dynamically alter the fitness landscape. We offer examples of these four cases and guidelines to distinguish between them. In addition to these deterministic processes, we explore how stochastic dispersal limitation can yield functional distinctiveness. Our framework offers a novel perspective on the relationship between fitness landscape heterogeneity and the functional composition of ecological assemblages.
Rainforest conversion to plantations fundamentally alters energy fluxes and functions in canopy arthropod food webs
Authors: Pollierer Melanie M. , Drescher Jochen , Potapov Anton , Kasmiatun  , Mawan Amanda , Mutiari Mega , Nazarreta Rizky , Hidayat Purnama , Buchori Damayanti , Scheu Stefan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTropical rainforests around the world are rapidly being converted into cash crop agricultural systems. The associated massive losses of plant and animal species lead to changes in arthropod food webs and the energy fluxes therein. These changes are poorly understood, in particular in the extremely biodiverse canopies of tropical ecosystems. Using canopy fogging followed by stable isotope and energy flux analyses, we show that land‐use conversion from rainforest to rubber and oil palm plantations not only causes a drastic reduction in energy fluxes of up to 75%, but also shifts fluxes among trophic groups. While rainforest featured high levels of both herbivory and algae‐microbivory, and a balanced ratio of herbivory to predation, relative fluxes were shifted towards predation in rubber and towards herbivory in oil palm plantations, indicating profound shifts in ecosystem functioning. Our results highlight that the ongoing loss of animal biodiversity and biomass in tropical canopies degrades animal‐driven functions and restructures canopy food webs.
The third shift: Addressing emotion work in couple therapy
Authors: Smoliak Olga , Al‐Ali Khaldeiah , LeCouteur Amanda , Tseliou Eleftheria , Rice Carla , LaMarre Andrea , Davies Adam , Uguccioni Bianca , Stirling Lainey , Dechamplain Brody , Henshaw Sarah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch on the gendered division of household work in western political economies often neglects its emotional dimensions. This conceptual paper draws on concepts of emotion work and feminist care ethics to explore gendered and intersecting divisions of emotions and emotional work in couple relationships and their implications for couple therapy. Although emotion work has been studied in workplace settings, less attention has been paid to inequalities in the privatized realm of interpersonal relationships, including romantic and filial ones. Women and feminine partners' culturally presumed expertise in emotions typically positions them as carrying primary responsibility for managing emotions in intimate relationships. Couple therapy is an important site of interaction that can both support and, potentially, disrupt the invisibility and gendering of emotion work in intimate relationships, thus shedding light on recurring patterns of women's subordination and exploitation. We conclude by advancing suggestions for addressing gendered and intersectional dimensions of emotion work in therapy practice.
Familial hemiplegic migraine in pediatric patients: A genetic, clinical, and follow‐up study
Authors: Mangano Giuseppe Donato , Capizzi Maria Rita , Mantuano Elide , Veneziano Liana , Santangelo Giuseppe , Quatrosi Giuseppe , Nardello Rosaria , Raieli Vincenzo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe a cohort of pediatric patients with genetically confirmed familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM). The knowledge of genotype–phenotype correlations may suggest prognostic factors associated with severe phenotypes.BackgroundHemiplegic migraine is a rare disease and data concerning the pediatric population are even more rare as they are often extrapolated from mixed cohorts.MethodsWe selected patients who met International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition criteria for FHM, who had a molecular diagnosis, and whose first attack occurred under the age of 18 years.ResultsWe enrolled nine patients (seven males and two females) first referred to our three centers. Three of the nine (33%) patients had calcium voltage‐gated channel subunit alpha1 A (CACNA1A) mutations, five (55%) had ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 (ATP1A2) mutations, and one had both genetic mutations. The patients experienced at least one aura feature other than hemiplegia during the first attack. The mean (SD) duration of HM attacks in the sample was 11.3 (17.1) h; 3.8 (6.1) h in the ATP1A2 group, and 24.3 (23.5) h in the CACNA1A group. The mean (SD, range) duration of follow‐up was 7.4 (2.2, 3–10) years. During the first year from the disorder's onset, only four patients had additional attacks. Over the course of follow‐up, the attack frequency overall was 0.4 attacks/year without a difference between the two groups (CACNA1A and ATP1A2).ConclusionThe study data show that most of our patients with early‐onset FHM experienced infrequent and non‐severe attacks, which improved over time. Furthermore, the clinical course revealed neither the appearance of novel neurological disorders or a deterioration of basic neurological or cognitive functioning.
‘Just because we're younger doesn't mean our opinions should be any less valued’: A qualitative study of youth perspectives on a Youth Advisory Council in a mental healthcare context
Authors: Young Adrienne , Levitt Anthony , Kodeeswaran Sugy , Markoulakis Roula 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecognition of the importance of youth engagement in youth mental health and/or addiction (MHA) service design and delivery is increasing. Youth Advisory Councils embedded in MHA organizations represent one strategy that allows youth to be involved in MHA at the individual, organization and systemic levels. This level of involvement can facilitate positive outcomes for both the youth and the organization. As these councils become more common, it is important that organizations are prepared to partner with the participating youth. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to understand the motivations and expectations of youth with lived experience with MHA concerns who were beginning to work on a Youth Advisory Council in an MHA setting in the Greater Toronto Area.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with each youth, ages 16–26, on the advisory council (N = 8) to understand their motivations, expectations and goals coming into the work. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsAnalysis resulted in five overarching themes: providing opportunities for youth learning and growth, platforming youth, empowering youth, embracing youth leadership and promoting youth‐driven change. The findings illustrate that these youth came into the Youth Advisory Council motivated to create positive change in the mental health system, take on leadership roles and had high expectations for organizational support. Our analyses provide insight for organizations planning and implementing Youth Advisory Councils in the MHA sector with the goal of best supporting youth in driving positive change across the system.ConclusionYouth want to be provided authentic opportunities for their engagement to make a difference. MHA organizations must embrace youth leadership and move towards listening to youth experience and acting on youth recommendations to enhance service design and implementation to improve access and to better meet the needs of youth utilizing these services.Patient or Public ContributionsThis study incorporated service users, including youth ages 16–26 with lived experience of MHA concerns who served on the Youth Advisory Council at the Family Navigation Project, Sunnybrook. Youth Advisory Council members contributed to two relevant research activities: (1) youth reviewed the draft interview guide before data collection, and their feedback was prioritized in the final version and (2) youth contributed to knowledge translation through contributing to academic conference presentations.
Content of polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of Jatropha dioica hydroalcoholic extracts against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: González‐Machado Adriana Carolina , Torres‐León Cristian , Castillo‐Maldonado Irais , Delgadillo‐Guzmán Dealmy , Hernández‐Morales Cecilia , Flores‐Loyola Erika , Marszalek Jolanta E. , Balagurusamy Nagamani , del Carmen Vega‐Menchaca María , Ascacio‐Valdés Juan A. , Pedroza‐Escobar David , Ramírez‐Moreno Agustina 
Published: June 2023

SummaryStreptococcus mutans has been associated with the development of dental caries. Semidesert bush Jatropha dioica Sessé, found in northern Mexico and widely used as traditional medicine, is known to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The Folin–Ciocalteu method and free radical capture by DPPH technique were used to determine total polyphenols (TP) and antioxidant activity (AA) respectively. The toxicity and antimicrobial activity of the extract with the highest TP and AA were determined. The highest value of TP (46.06 mg GAE g−1) was determined in the dried root extract. A significant and positive correlation was observed between TP and AA. In the flavonoid quantification, the extract showed the highest value of 4.57 mg QE g−1. The hydroalcoholic extracts did not show toxicity. Hydroxycinnamic acid compounds and methoxyflavones and hydroxybenzoic acid were found in the extracts. These compounds are responsible for antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the Streptococcus mutans was found to be 3.75 mg mL−1.