bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who venerated the ancestors at the Petit-Chasseur site? Examining Early Bronze Age cultic activities around megalithic monuments through the archaeometric analyses of ceramic findings (Upper Rhône Valley, Switzerland, 2200–1600 BC)
Authors: Carloni Delia , Šegvić Branimir , Sartori Mario , Zanoni Giovanni , Besse Marie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThrough the analyses of recovered pottery, this study explores the social dimension of an ancestor cult developed at the Petit-Chasseur megalithic necropolis (Upper Rhône Valley, Switzerland) during the Early Bronze Age (2200–1600 BC). The jar votive offerings and domestic pottery from settlement sites were characterized using a range of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Acquired archaeometric data allowed identification of six ceramic fabrics and two types of clay substrate—illite- and muscovite-based—which were used in pottery production. The present article discusses the pottery composition in the light of natural resources available in the region, thus shedding light on raw material choices and paste preparation recipes. The Early Bronze Age people that lived in the Upper Rhône Valley seem to have shared a common ceramic tradition, partly inherited from the previous Bell Beaker populations. The compositional correspondence between the jar offerings and domestic pottery revealed that the majority of the known Early Bronze Age groups partook in cultic activities at the Petit-Chasseur megalithic necropolis.
Classification tools for business models: Status quo, comparison, and agenda
Authors: Schoormann Thorsten , Schweihoff Julia , Jussen Ilka , Möller Frederik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo sustain competitive advantage in dynamic business environments, organizations have to constantly adapt, innovate, and recombine their business models. As some configurations of business model design options are more successful than others, it is crucial to have a holistic understanding of the (current) solution space of those options and their dependencies. To be aware of and manage the set of possible design options, one can rely on classification tools, including taxonomies, typologies, and classification schemes. Given the availability of several tool types, different underlying assumptions for each type need to be considered when designing and applying a tool. Following a descriptive literature review approach, this paper structures the diverse body of classification research by presenting a repository of tools and deriving an analytical grid to disclose the similarities and differences between selected tool types. Thereby, this paper (1) raises awareness for the plurality of tools and their underpinning concepts, (2) provides a status quo overview across tool types, and (3) derives design-relevant knowledge for the tools, points to current challenges, and paves the ground for future research on the building, evaluation, and use of this class of tools.
Assessment of urban landslide groundwater characteristics and origin using artificial tracers, hydro-chemical and stable isotope approaches
Authors: Mammoliti Elisa , Fronzi Davide , Palpacelli Stefano , Biagiola Noemi , Tazioli Alberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the framework of landslides, the hydrogeological features play an essential role in slope stability, governing water movement and thus resulting in modification of the effective stress in the soil. In this framework, the hydrogeological conceptualization of landslide areas and the identification of groundwater origin are key points to developing risk mitigation measures. In fact, groundwater recharge cannot always be attributed to local precipitation alone. Mixing processes between water derived from local infiltration and deep water upflow along tectonic lineaments or anthropogenic water can affect the groundwater balance on a local scale. This study aims to define the potential groundwater origin of one of the highest risk urban landslides in central Italy and to define a hydrogeological conceptual model by exploiting its existing drainage system network. This research is based on a multiple-techniques approach based on hydrological water balance, artificial tracer tests during recharge period, seasonal monitoring of the water stable-isotope content, hydro-chemical survey during low-flow periods, and analysis of the piezometric level fluctuation. All these analyses are coupled with a detailed reconstruction of the geology of the area depicted from boreholes and drill holes. Two groundwater bodies have been evidenced from the study. The shallower one is located in the landslide unstable zone and is hydraulically connected to a deeper groundwater body hosted in the underlying bedrock. Results highlighted that the local rainfall regime could not fully explain the hydro-chemical facies. Local water contributions to the landslide area coming from leakage of the urban sewerage system have been evidenced, excluding deep groundwater upflow from the fault system.
Targeting human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (ME2) impairs energy metabolism and redox state and exhibits antileukemic activity in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Chen Kun-Chi , Hsiao I-Hsin , Huang Yu-Nan , Chou Yu-Tung , Lin Yi-Chun , Hsieh Ju-Yi , Chang Yung-Lung , Wu Kang-Hsi , Liu Guang-Yaw , Hung Hui-Chih 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fast-growing and highly fatal blood cancer, and recent research has shown that targeting metabolism may be a promising therapeutic approach for treating AML. One promising target is the human mitochondrial NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (ME2), which is involved in the production of pyruvate and NAD(P)H and the regulation of the NAD+/NADH redox balance. Inhibition of ME2 via silencing ME2 or utilizing its allosteric inhibitor disodium embonate (Na2EA) causes a decrease in pyruvate and NADH, leading to a decrease in producing ATP via cellular respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. ME2 inhibition also decreases NADPH levels, resulting in an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, which ultimately leads to cellular apoptosis. Additionally, ME2 inhibition reduces pyruvate metabolism and the biosynthetic pathway. ME2 silencing inhibits the growth of xenotransplanted human AML cells, and the allosteric ME2 inhibitor Na2EA demonstrates antileukemic activity against immune-deficient mice with disseminated AML. Both of these effects are a result of impaired energy metabolism in mitochondria. These findings suggest that the targeting ME2 may be an effective strategy for treating AML. Overall, ME2 plays an essential role in energy metabolism of AML cells, and its inhibition may offer a promising approach for AML treatment.
Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: clinical analysis and review of 15 cases
Authors: Lan Wei , Li Jiming , Ai Peiying , Luo Weiliang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
To review clinical characteristics, auxiliary examination results, treatment effects, and outcomes of patients with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A).

Methods
We collated and retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 15 patients admitted with clinical characteristics of an autoimmune GFAP-A acute encephalitis or meningitis phenotype.

Results
All patients were diagnosed with acute-onset meningoencephalitis and meningoencephalomyelitis. Initial presentations included pyrexia and headache at onset; dual symptoms of prominent tremor with urinary and bowel dysfunction; ataxia, psychiatric and behavioral abnormalities, and impaired consciousness; neck resistance; reduced extremity muscle strength; blurred vision; epileptic seizures; and reduced basic blood pressure. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed that the degree of protein elevation was significantly higher than the degree of increase in white blood cells. Moreover, in the absence of obvious low chloride and glucose levels, CSF chloride levels decreased in 13 patients, accompanied by a CSF glucose level decrease in four. Brain abnormalities were found in magnetic resonance imaging of ten patients, with a linear radial perivascular enhancement present in the lateral ventricles of two patients and symmetric abnormalities in the splenium of the corpus callosum in three patients.

Conclusions
Autoimmune GFAP-A may be a spectrum disorder, with acute- or subacute-onset meningitis, encephalitis, and myelitis being the main phenotypes. When used for acute stage treatment, combined hormone and immunoglobulin therapy was superior to hormone pulse therapy or immunoglobulin pulse therapy alone. However, hormone pulse therapy alone without immunoglobulin pulse therapy was associated with a greater number of remaining neurological deficits.
Forschungskompetenz von Lehramtsstudierenden und Studierenden anderer Fachrichtungen
Authors: Besa Kris-Stephen , Lüking Sarah , Biehl Anna-Lisa , Wilde Matthias 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungFür die Professionalität von Lehrkräften spielt Forschungskompetenz eine entscheidende Rolle, um evidenzbasiert handeln zu können. Es gibt Hinweise auf eine geringere Ausprägung der Forschungskompetenz seitens Studierender, welche ein Lehramt anstreben. Parallel hierzu wird über die Wirkung verschiedener Persönlichkeitsmerkmale auf die beruflichen Fähigkeiten zukünftiger Lehrer*innen diskutiert. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, ob Unterschiede in der Forschungskompetenz sowie den Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen zwischen Studierenden verschiedener Lehrämter und Studierenden anderer Fachrichtungen bestehen. Der Fokus dieser Studie liegt auf der Überprüfung des Zusammenhangs zwischen den Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen und der Forschungskompetenz. Hierzu wurden 351 Studierende (74,1 % weiblich) verschiedener Studiengänge (65,2 % Lehramtsstudierende) zu ihrer Forschungskompetenz und den Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen befragt. Mithilfe von multivariaten Varianzanalysen (MANOVA) wurden signifikante Unterschiede in der selbsteingeschätzten Forschungskompetenz zwischen Lehramtsstudierenden und Studierenden anderer Fachrichtungen sowie zwischen den Lehramtsstudierenden unterschiedlicher Schulformen gefunden. Bezüglich der Persönlichkeitsmerkmale ließen sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede berichten. Abschließend konnten mithilfe einer multiplen Regressionsanalyse die Persönlichkeitsmerkmale Offenheit und Gewissenhaftigkeit als signifikante Prädiktoren mit moderater Varianzaufklärung für die Forschungskompetenz ermittelt werden.
Taking a Knee: Effect of NFL Player Protests on Subsequent Employment and Earnings
Authors: Jepsen Christopher , Jepsen Lisa K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProtesters sometimes face penalties for their actions, but few papers have attempted to quantify these penalties. We investigate whether the subsequent salaries and employment status of NFL players who took a knee or sat during the national anthem during the 2017 season differed from similar players who did not. We find limited evidence that they were penalized in terms of employment during the 2018 or 2019 seasons. Conditional on employment, we find an insignificant relationship between protesting and log salaries.
Marshall Olkin Exponentiated Dagum Distribution: Properties and Applications
Authors: Sherwani Rehan Ahmad Khan , Ashraf Saima , Abbas Shumaila , Aslam Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMarshall Olkin Exponentiated Dagum distribution (MOED) with four shape parameters and one scale parameter is proposed. Alternative expressions are derived for the newly proposed distribution to sort out lengthy calculations. Various properties of MOED are derived, including the measure of central tendency, the measure of dispersion, hazard rate and survival rate are also derived for the MOED. Moreover, the network properties are also derived, including moments, moment generating function, quantile function, median, and mean deviation random number generator. Estimation of parameters is done through MLE (Maximum likelihood estimation) method, and to assess the value of the proposed distribution, the performance of the parameter’s estimates is studied through Monte Carlo Simulation. Three real-life data sets are used to evaluate the application and to scrutinize the performance of MOED as compared to the Marshall Olkin Dagum (MOD) distribution, Exponentiated Dagum (ED) distribution, Dagum (D) distribution, Burr III distribution, Kumaraswamy Burr III (KBurr III) distribution, Kumaraswamy Log Logistic (KLL) distribution and Log Logistic (LL) distribution. Four information criteria are used to examine the performance of the MOED with other special cases. The results showed that the newly proposed distribution performs better than the compared distributions.
“Learning as a Strategy” for Better EU Policy Understanding and Implementation in the Digital Era
Authors: Hearn Paul , Elias Leticia , Ganescu Eleonora 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The European Commission established the Better Regulation agenda of the European Union (EU) in 2015, but problems in EU implementation persist. A policy that is not well understood and implemented can fall short in creating its intended value and can have detrimental effects for stakeholders. This paper argues that part of the explanation for inadequate understanding and implementation is that EU laws can often be unclear and complex. At the same time, implementation requires a variety of skills, knowledge, and expertise, which are often not broadly available, limiting administrative capacity to implement. The digital era complicates the picture with the growth of disinformation that leads society to become doubtful about the value of policies and can affect the EU’s position in the world. The authors argue that a focus on learning—the process of systematic acquisition and development of knowledge, skills, and competencies through targeted educational activities and practical experience to facilitate the capacity to act—can play a central role in dealing with these challenges. This contribution presents the benefits of learning in implementation and argues that a more strategic focus, “Learning as a Strategy”, can help both the EU and member states in their efforts towards better EU policy understanding and implementation.
Effects of backpressure on unstart and restart characteristics of a supersonic inlet
Authors: Wang K. , Wang J.Y. , Huang H.X. , Xie L.R. , Liu Y. , Tan H.J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe unstart phenomenon of supersonic inlets caused by backpressure is dangerous for aircraft during flights because it severely reduces the air mass flow rate through the engine. We used unsteady numerical simulations to evaluate the unstart and restart characteristics of a two-dimensional supersonic inlet during rapid backpressure changes. The effects of the depressurisation time and depressurisation value on the inlet flow characteristics and restart features are discussed. The results show that the depressurisation time affects the restart procedure when the back pressure drops from the inlet unstart value to the normal working state value. When the depressurisation time decreases, it becomes easier for the inlet to restart. However, the inlet cannot restart if the depressurisation time is too long. When the depressurisation time and value were large enough, a short buzz period occurred before the inlet restarted. Both the time and value of depressurisation affected the restart characteristics.
UNDER LOCK AND KEY: A PROOF SYSTEM FOR A MULTIMODAL LOGIC
Authors: KAVVOS G. A. , GRATZER DANIEL 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present a proof system for a multimode and multimodal logic, which is based on our previous work on modal Martin-Löf type theory. The specification of modes, modalities, and implications between them is given as a mode theory, i.e., a small 2-category. The logic is extended to a lambda calculus, establishing a Curry–Howard correspondence.
Disparities in maternal mortality
Authors: Tran Phuong , Jreij Barbara , Sistani Farideh , Shaya Fadia T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Maternal mortality rates in the USA remain high, with persistent racial and socioeconomic disparities. We identified 207,016 hospital admissions for pregnant women in Maryland, from 2017 to 2019. Logistic regression was used to identity factors associated with maternal death. The health outcome for black women was more prone to give rise to maternal mortality than for white women. Our study revealed numerous racial and age discrepancies in gestational health outcomes, which opioid use disorder exacerbated. Our findings elaborate on the importance of identifying the drivers of adverse pregnancy outcomes, to help inform policy, and resource allocations.
Monitoring and characterization of particle contamination in the pulse compression chamber of the OMEGA EP laser system
Authors: Hoffman B. N. , Savidis N. , Demos S. G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The laser-damage performance of optics is known to be negatively affected by microscale particle contamination induced by the operational environment. This work investigates the properties of particles accumulating in various locations near critical optics inside the OMEGA EP grating compressor chamber during quarterly operational periods over a 2-year duration. The particles found were characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The analysis indicates significant concentrations of micrometer- to nanometer-scale particles inside the vacuum chamber, with higher values observed near the port leading to the OMEGA EP target chamber. The distribution of the chemical composition of these particles varies between collection periods. Although understanding of the mechanisms of particle generation and transport remains uncertain, the hypothesis is that this particle load represents a risk for contaminating the surfaces of high-value optics located inside the chamber, including the compression gratings and deformable mirrors, and therefore affecting their laser-damage resistance and overall operational lifetime.
Implementing and validating a home-infusion central-line–associated bloodstream infection surveillance definition
Authors: Keller Sara C. , Hannum Susan M. , Weems Kimberly , Oladapo-Shittu Opeyemi , Salinas Alejandra B. , Marsteller Jill A. , Gurses Ayse P. , Klein Eili Y. , Shpitser Ilya , Crnich Christopher J. , Bhanot Nitin , Rock Clare , Cosgrove Sara E. ,   the Home Infusion CLABSI Prevention Collaborative
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjective:Central-line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance in home infusion therapy is necessary to track efforts to reduce infections, but a standardized, validated, and feasible definition is lacking. We tested the validity of a home-infusion CLABSI surveillance definition and the feasibility and acceptability of its implementation.Design:Mixed-methods study including validation of CLABSI cases and semistructured interviews with staff applying these approaches.Setting:This study was conducted in 5 large home-infusion agencies in a CLABSI prevention collaborative across 14 states and the District of Columbia.Participants:Staff performing home-infusion CLABSI surveillance.Methods:From May 2021 to May 2022, agencies implemented a home-infusion CLABSI surveillance definition, using 3 approaches to secondary bloodstream infections (BSIs): National Healthcare Safety Program (NHSN) criteria, modified NHSN criteria (only applying the 4 most common NHSN-defined secondary BSIs), and all home-infusion–onset bacteremia (HiOB). Data on all positive blood cultures were sent to an infection preventionist for validation. Surveillance staff underwent semistructured interviews focused on their perceptions of the definition 1 and 3–4 months after implementation.Results:Interrater reliability scores overall ranged from κ = 0.65 for the modified NHSN criteria to κ = 0.68 for the NHSN criteria to κ = 0.72 for the HiOB criteria. For the NHSN criteria, the agency-determined rate was 0.21 per 1,000 central-line (CL) days, and the validator-determined rate was 0.20 per 1,000 CL days. Overall, implementing a standardized definition was thought to be a positive change that would be generalizable and feasible though time-consuming and labor intensive.Conclusions:The home-infusion CLABSI surveillance definition was valid and feasible to implement.
National survey study of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir prescribing processes and access barriers during the severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron surge of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Wang Rebecca , Calderwood Michael S. , Worby Craig P. , Mercado Jose R. , Kim Justin J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this national survey, we found that individual patient assessments by pharmacists were more common at facilities using centralized prescribing for nirmetralvir-ritonavir (Paxlovid) than decentralized prescribing. Provider discomfort was initially less with centralized prescribing, but later, there was no difference in provider discomfort based on prescribing mechanism.
Asymptotic behaviour of the first positions of uniform parking functions
Authors: Bellin Etienne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour of a random uniform parking function
$\pi_n$
of size n. We show that the first
$k_n$
places
$\pi_n(1),\ldots,\pi_n(k_n)$
of
$\pi_n$
are asymptotically independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and uniform on
$\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$
, for the total variation distance when
$k_n = {\rm{o}}(\sqrt{n})$
, and for the Kolmogorov distance when
$k_n={\rm{o}}(n)$
, improving results of Diaconis and Hicks. Moreover, we give bounds for the rate of convergence, as well as limit theorems for certain statistics such as the sum or the maximum of the first
$k_n$
parking places. The main tool is a reformulation using conditioned random walks.
COMPUTABLE PRESENTATIONS OF C*-ALGEBRAS
Authors: FOX ALEC 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe initiate the study of computable presentations of real and complex C*-algebras under the program of effective metric structure theory. With the group situation as a model, we develop corresponding notions of recursive presentations and word problems for C*-algebras, and show some analogous results hold in this setting. Famously, every finitely generated group with a computable presentation is computably categorical, but we provide a counterexample in the case of C*-algebras. On the other hand, we show every finite-dimensional C*-algebra is computably categorical.
Digital health in head and neck cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Hulse Kate , Li Lucy Qian , Lowit Anja , Maguire Roma , Douglas Catriona 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveDigital health tools are increasingly being recognised as effective interventions in monitoring chronic health conditions. This systematic review addressed how digital health is currently utilised in patients with head and neck cancer as an adjunct to care.MethodStudies of the development or evaluation of an eHealth, telemedicine or telemonitoring tool were eligible. A narrative synthesis was performed as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines.ResultsTwenty-nine studies of digital health tools in head and neck cancer were identified. Nine were randomised, controlled trials but most had concern of bias. Fourteen (48 per cent) of the interventions used multiple modes of delivery. The primary digital tool functions are symptom tracking and self-care, prehabilitation and rehabilitation, psychological support, and education, including decision aids. Most tools aimed to support patients during active cancer treatment.ConclusionThere are a small number of digital health tools for head and neck cancer patients; however, there is a lack of well-designed randomised, controlled trials to demonstrate effectiveness.