bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nivolumab after cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin induction chemotherapy in previously treated patients with EGFR or ALK wild type non-squamous cell non-small cell lung cancer with less than 10% of PD-L1 expression
Authors: AHN Beung Chul , Park Charny , Lee Sang-Jin , Hong Sehwa , Hwang Ji-Eun , Kwon KyoungSuk , Kim Kyung-Hee , Kim Hyae Young , Lee Geon Kook , Lee Youngjoo , Han Ji-Youn 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate whether cyclophosphamide (C) and adriamycin (A) induction therapy (IT) prior to nivolumab could enhance the efficacy of nivolumab in previously treated patients with non-squamous (NSQ) non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with less than 10% PD-L1 expression.
Methods
Patients received four cycles of CA-IT (C,500 mg/m2 and D, 50 mg/m2) every 3weeks. Nivolumab was given 360 mg every 3 weeks from the second cycle. After 4 cycles of CA-IT, nivolumab 480 mg was administered every 4 weeks. We collected blood samples for next-generation sequencing, fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting (FACS) to characterize immune cells, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify potential biomarkers.
Results
A total of 22 patients were enrolled. The median progression-free and overall survivals were 2.4 months (95% CI, 1.3–3.5) and 11.6 months (95% CI, 5.3–18.0), respectively. Two patients with a partial response received nivolumab for 2 years without disease progression. FACS revealed the lowest ratio of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to CD8 + T-cell throughout the treatment in responders. Proteomic analysis identified a consistent upregulation of extracellular matrix-receptor interactions and phagosome pathways in the responders. Among the differentially expressed proteins, the transferrin receptor protein (TRFC), which mediates ferroptosis and phagocytosis, was higher in responders than in non-responders before treatment.
Conclusions
CA-IT did not improve nivolumab efficacy in NSQ-NSCLCs with low PD-L1 expression. However, CA-IT induced deceasing MDSC resulted in durable response. Higher baseline TRFC levels may predict favorable response to nivolumab in NSCLC with low PD-L1 expression.
Trial Registration: NCT03808480
Serum uric acid predicts progression of islet beta cell function decline in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Minchao , Li Nan , Wu Haidi , Lou Qinglin , Yu Jiangyi , Gu Liubao , Huang Liji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: It remains controversial whether serum uric acid (SUA) level can predict beta cell function decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study aims to investigate the association between baseline SUA levels and longitudinal islet beta cell changes in a cohort of Chinese type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods: In the present single-center longitudinal retrospective study, 473 type 2 diabetes patients who received standard 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin release test both at baseline and after follow-up were included. Beta cell function was assessed using the homeostasis model. Cox hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between levels of SUA and decline of beta cell function.
Results: At baseline, patients with higher SUA levels had higher triglyceride level (p=0.000), higher BMI (p=0.003), higher level of HbA1c (p=0.000) and HOMA-B (p=0.000). In contrast, during follow-up, a higher annual rate of decline in beta cell function (RHOMA-B) was found in females with the highest uric acid than patients with lower uric acid (p=0.017), but not in males (p=0.494). In addition, a positive correlation was observed between SUA and RHOMA-B in total (r=0.103, p=0.043) and in females (r=0.192, p=0.032). SUA levels were not correlated to RHOMA-B in males throughout. Consistently, multivariate analysis revealed that HOMA-IR (p=0.025) was the only one independent predictor of beta cell function decline in males, whereas elevated SUA (p=0.008) and age (p=0.009) were independently associated with longitudinal beta cell function impairment independently of potential confounders in females.
Conclusions: An independent positive association between SUA and long-term beta cell function decline was demonstrated in female patients with type 2 diabetes, but not in males. A potential close association and interaction among uric acid metabolism, sexual hormones, and insulin secretion capability might exist in type 2 diabetes patients.
Enhancing the antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus with herbal extracts as an adjunctive treatment for reversing antibiotic resistance
Authors: Do Anh Duy , Van Thach Phan , Nguyen Thi-Phuong , Bui Le Minh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and aim:
Staphylococcus aureus is a significant public health concern due to its ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Biofilm formation or the enhancement of bacterial cell membrane permeability contributes to antibiotic resistance ability. Herbal therapy presents a promising strategy to overcome antibiotic resistance challenges. This study aims to investigate the potential of herbal extracts to reverse antibiotic resistance in S. aureus.
Experimental Procedure:
In this study, both Wild-type and Kanamycin-adapted (Km-adapted) S. aureus strains were pre-treated with herbal extracts derived from Zingiber zerumbet (ZZ), Eucalyptus globulus (EG), Andrographis paniculata (AP), Clerodendrum inerme(CI), Combretum quadrangular (CQ), and Plectranthus amboinicus (PA) at subinhibitory concentrations. The effects of these extracts on biofilm formation, bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity, cell permeability, and kanamycin sensitivity on pre-treated S. aureus were evaluated.
Results:
Our results demonstrated that S. aureus formed thick biofilms that were less sensitive to Km treatment, particularly in Km-adapted strains. However, extracts from ZZ, EG, and AP effectively reduced biofilm formation in both wild-type and Km-adapted strains and decreased bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity. Additionally, all herbal extracts increased the permeability of S. aureus cells, resulting in enhanced antibiotic sensitivity.
Conclusion:
Herbal therapy has the potential to reverse antibiotic resistance and reduce the necessary antibiotic dosage for treating S. aureus-related infections.
Impact of GSM-EMW exposure on the markers of oxidative stress in fetal rat liver
Authors: Salameh Mariam , Zeitoun-Ghandour Sukaina , Sabra Lina , Daher Ahmad , Khalil Mahmoud , Joumaa Wissam H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The current study investigated the effects of 24 hours/day prenatal exposure to global system for mobile communication electromagnetic fields (GSM-EMFs), 900 MHZ-induced electromagnetic radiation (EMR), on oxidative stress (OS) status, apoptotic, and inflammatory changes in liver of rats during their fetal development period. Fifty-two Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were equally divided into control and exposed groups. Whole embryos were removed at 7.5 dpc (days post coitus), while liver tissues were extracted from embryos at 11.5, 15.5, and 19.5 dpc. For exposed animals, results showed an increased OS reflected by high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a decrease in cytosolic superoxide dismutase (cytoSOD) activity, in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (mitoSOD) levels and catalase (CAT) mRNA expression but also in hepatic nuclear factor erythroïd 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf-2), protein kinase B (Akt1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA expression at 15.5 dpc. Moreover, GSM-EMR exposure was shown to significantly decrease mitoSOD and CAT activities at almost all studied ages. Thus, rat embryos may be protected by their mothers from OS, apoptotic, and pro-inflammatory responses till a sensitive developmental stage, during a continuous prenatal EMR exposure. This protection could be then created from the embryos themselves.
Formation of Agshell/Aucore Bimetallic Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation and Chemical Reduction Methods: The Effect Green Laser Wavelength and Colloidal/Solution Concentration
Authors: Mohebi Elham , AdibAmini Shaghayegh , Sari Amir Hossein , Dorranian Davoud 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The main purpose of this experimental research is to study the effects of different silver concentrations on the optical properties of bimetallic Agshell/Aucore nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles are ablated by the PLAL technique of the gold target on the bottom of the container. The container is filled with colloidal silver nanoparticles and manufactured by chemical reduction. The colloidal solution of mixed nanoparticles is irradiated by the second harmonic of the pulsed laser Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm wavelength. The peak absorption of gold nanoparticles around 530 nm is used to transfer laser energy to nanoparticles and synthesis the Agshell/Aucore bimetallic nanoparticles. The volumetric ratio of nanoparticle solutions are the experimental variables. Bimetallic nanoparticles are distinguished by the following: X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), spectroscopy in the range of UV-Vis-NIR and IR, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Photoluminescence spectrum (PL) and, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In addition, FE-SEM and TEM images are used to investigate nanoparticle size and morphology. One of the objectives of this research is the preparation of stable bimetallic systems and the study of optical properties, in order to check the reactivity of silver nanoparticles in the bimetallic system. Moreover, the shell thickness and catalytic properties of bimetallic structure with a different silver concentration is discussed. The following, dipole mode is shown in the visible area for every samples and quadrupole mode is not detected in sample with high silver concentration.
Production of Domestic Utensils Using Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (Pet) Bottle Caps Without the AID of Industrial Machines
Authors: ICHETAONYE SIMON 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study presents the production of domestic utensils using waste PET bottle caps without the aid of industrial machines. This aims to explore the feasibility of recycling waste PET bottle caps as raw materials for domestic utensils, such as cups and bowls, to reduce waste and provide an eco-friendly alternative to traditional (industrial-made) plastic utensils. This study lies in its approach to utilizing waste PET caps, which are typically not recycled due to their small size and low value. Additionally, the increasing amount of plastic waste and the need for sustainable solutions to reduce it has always been a factor. Although, several types of research have been carried out on the use of waste PET bottles/caps as a reinforcement for construction materials, sustainable textiles, and solid fuel, little to on research is reported on using waste PET bottle caps for the production of domestic utensils. Experimental tests were conducted to determine the physical and mechanical attributes of the domestic utensils, which include water absorption, hardness, compressive strength, and drop test. The test analysis shows that the domestic utensils for waste PET bottle caps reveal comparable and optimal physical and mechanical properties compared to the traditional plastic utensils. The waste PET bottle caps utensils (cup and bowl) sample recorded a minimal water absorption rate of 0 %, maximum hardness, and compressive strength value of 74 and 90 HV; 69 and 87 N/mm2, respectively. Thus, this suggests that waste PET bottle caps can be recycled into domestic utensils with promising results since it presents a practical solution that can contribute to more sustainable future, a viable solution that addresses both environmental problems and the need for sustainable alternatives to traditional plastic utensils.
A hybrid model based on Discrete wavelet prediction (DWT), Bidirectional recurrent neural networks to wind speed prediction
Authors: Barjasteh Arezoo , Ghafouri Seyyed Hamid , Hashemipour Malihe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Wind speed is the main driver of wind power output, but its inherent fluctuations and deviations present significant challenges for power system security and power quality. Accurate short-term wind power forecasting is necessary to ensure the stability and integration of wind energy into the grid. Non-stationarity is a major challenge in analyzing wind speed data, and change-point detection are essential for optimal resource allocation. This paper addresses the issue of short-term wind power forecasting for stable and effective wind energy system operation. To predict non-stationary data and detect change points, non-stationary data must first be transformed into stationary data. Discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) is used to decompose wind speed traces into low- and high-frequency components for more accurate predictions using deep learning algorithms. The proposed approach uses a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) network, which has a concise network structure and requires less computational load, making it suitable for quickly predicting short-term and long-term dependencies in wind speed data. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other cutting-edge methods in terms of prediction accuracy.
Autophagic degradation of CDK4 is responsible for G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in NVP-BEZ235-treated neuroblastoma
Authors: Liu Zhen , Wang Xiao–Yang , Wang Han-Wei , Liu Shan-Ling , Zhang Chao , Guo Ying , Gao Feng-Hou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
CDK4 is highly expressed and correlated with poor prognosis and decreased survival in advanced NB. Seeking a regimen that selectively targets CDK4 degradation is a potentially promising therapeutic strategy relative to conventional CDK4 inhibitors.In this work, we determined that autophagy as a new pathway for the degradation of CDK4. Firstly, autophagic degradation of CDK4 is critical for NVP-BEZ235-induced G0/G1 arrest and growth inhibition via the blockade of autophagy-related gene Beclin1. Secondly, we observed the first evidence that the p62 binds to CDK4 and then enter autophagolysosome to degradate CDK4 in a CTSB-dependent manner in NVP-BEZ235 treated NB cells. Analogous results regarding the interaction p62 with CDK4 were observed in NVP-BEZ235 treated neuroblastoma xenograft mouse model. These results not only established the pivotal role of the autophagy pathway in CDK4 turnover but also suggest the potential application of NVP-BEZ235 or other drugs via the therapeutic modulation of autophagic degradation of CDK4 protein in NB.
Assessment of awareness and knowledge of Syrian Private University students about ophthalmoplastic surgical procedures
Authors: Almouselli Alaa , Alrwaili Ammar , Salman Afraa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background There was a gap in the literature regarding the knowledge of healthcare professionals, including medical students, about eye plastic surgery. In this study, we aimed to assess the perception and knowledge among medical students about ophthalmic plastic surgery.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Syrian Private University through a questionnaire designed by the professor supervising the research. The questionnaire was distributed between medical students, from the first to the sixth year. 501 male and female students participated in the study. Data collected from 30 September 2022 to 30 November 2022. All participants were informed of the study requirements and those who agreed to participate were enrolled.Results The study included 501 medical students, and females represented more than half of the sample, 286 (57.1%), compared to males 215 (42.9%). Predominant age group was (21–25 years) 338 (67.5%). for the academic stage, the fourth year accounted for the largest percentage, 132 (26.3%). We found that a small percentage of the students had previously undergone ocular plastic surgery 30 (6%). Most of students answered that they do not want to become a specialist in ophthalmic plastic surgery 277 (55.3%). More than half of the students answered that ophthalmic plastic surgery is high risk 259 (51.7%). We found that females 23 (8%) had previously undergone surgery at a greater rate than males 7 (3.3%). Regarding the areas of ophthalmic plastic surgery, it was found that there was a low awareness among students about the types of these operations, while it was found that they had good awareness about cases that could be treated through ophthalmic plastic surgery. As for the students’ source of information, the largest percentage of study at the university was 271 (25.1%).Conclusion The study showed that medical students lack appropriate knowledge about eye plastic surgery, and this may have contributed to their lack of interest in engaging in this specialty in the future.
Comprehensive characterization of the effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism with spironolactone on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in healthy dogs.
Authors: Masters Allison K , Ward Jessica L , Guillot Emilie , Domenig Oliver , Yuan Lingnan , Mochel Jonathan P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective –
To characterize the dose-exposure-response effect of spironolactone on biomarkers of the classical and alternative arms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in healthy dogs.
Animals –
Ten healthy purpose-bred Beagle dogs.
Procedures –
Study dogs were randomly allocated to 2 spironolactone dosing groups (2 mg/kg PO q24hr, 4 mg/kg PO q24hr). The dogs received 7-day courses of spironolactone followed by a 14-day washout period in a crossover (AB/BA) design. Angiotensin peptides and aldosterone were measured in serum using equilibrium analysis, and plasma canrenone and 7-α-thiomethyl spironolactone (TMS) were quantified via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Study results were compared before and after dosing and between groups.
Results –
Following spironolactone treatment, dogs had a significant increase in serum aldosterone concentration (P = 0.07), with no statistical differences between dosing groups. Significant increases in angiotensin II (P = 0.09), angiotensin I (P = 0.08), angiotensin 1–5 (P = 0.08), and a surrogate marker for plasma renin activity (P = 0.06) were detected compared to baseline following spironolactone treatment during the second treatment period only. Overall, changes from baseline did not significantly differ between spironolactone dosages. RAAS analytes were weakly correlated (R < 0.4) with spironolactone dosage and plasma canrenone or plasma TMS. There were no adverse clinical or biochemical effects seen at any spironolactone dosage during treatment.
Conclusions –
Treatment with spironolactone increased serum aldosterone concentration in healthy dogs and impacted other biomarkers of the classical and alternative arms of the RAAS. There was no difference in effect on the RAAS between 2 and 4 mg/kg/day dosing. Dosage of 4 mg/kg/day was safe and well-tolerated in healthy dogs.
Mathematical modeling of the heat transfer process in a dense blown layer of granular material
Authors: Boshkova Irina , Mukminov Ihor 
Published: May 2023

The object of research: a mathematical model of unsteady heat transfer between particles forming a dense layer in a heat exchange channel and an air flow passing through the layer.
Investigated problem: obtaining a mathematical model adequate to the physical phenomenon will significantly expand the field of research, reduce the time for determining the thermal characteristics of heat transfer and data processing.
The main scientific results: an explicit analytical dependence is obtained that allows calculating the local temperature of the layer in an arbitrary cross-section of the channel at selected moments of time. The presented analytical dependence was verified by analyzing the calculated data on the material temperatures in the channel obtained by varying the main physical quantities: the effect of the heating duration, heat transfer coefficient, porosity, and density on the temperature distribution was studied. The temperatures along the length of the channel were calculated at different points in time with the following initial data: material - gravel: c=860, ρ=1500, λ=0.6, ε=0.4; aud=800. Based on the results of the calculations for the time τ=60 s, τ=900 s, τ=1800 s, τ=2400 s, τ=1800 s, the graphs shown in the paper are constructed. It is shown that the mathematical model adequately describes the process of heating a layer of granular material in a heat exchange channel and allows obtaining satisfactory data on the temperature distribution along the length at different points in time. The calculated data correlate satisfactorily with the experimental results.
Innovative technological product is an analytical dependence obtained for the first time, which is necessary for inclusion in the calculation method of regenerative heat exchangers intended for the utilization of low-potential heat flows.
The area of practical use of the research results is the heat engineering calculations of regenerative heat exchangers with a dense granular packing. The consumers of the developed regenerators are greenhouses and food industry. Such industries are characterized by a low-potential level of thermal emissions, the heat of which is difficult to utilize using existing heat exchange equipment.
Scope of the innovative product: design bureaus focused on the design of innovative heat exchangers for the utilization of low-potential heat flows, and research laboratories studying the processes of heat exchange between a dense layer of granular material and a through gas (air) flow.
Development of a new type of household appliances – refrigerators with a heating chamber
Authors: Titlov Oleksandr , Hratii Tetiana 
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is absorption-type refrigeration appliances, which allow to expand the functionality of household appliances without additional energy consumption.
Investigated problem: The aim of this study: firstly, due to the novelty of the proposed technique, it was necessary to show the real possibility of obtaining the temperature level required for technological processes (up to 70 °C); secondly, taking into account the experience gained in experimental studies, it was necessary to propose new designs for solving the problems of refrigeration and heat treatment of food products and raw materials in domestic conditions.
The main scientific results: It is shown that the development of devices that combine the functions of refrigeration storage and heat treatment of food products, semi-finished products and agricultural raw materials can become a promising area for energy saving in household appliances. In such household combined appliances, the heat released during the implementation of the refrigeration cycle is not immediately removed to the environment, but is transferred to a special heating chamber, while the temperature in the volume of the heating chamber is maintained higher than the air temperature in the room. The effect of energy saving is achieved by expanding the functionality of household appliances without attracting additional energy costs.
The original designs of combined absorption-type household appliances are proposed, a description of their operation, advantages and disadvantages, and areas of application are given.
The area of practical use of the research results: In the course of experimental studies, it was shown that the introduction of an additional heating chamber into the structure of household absorption refrigerators, thermally connected with the lifting section by the dephlegmator of the absorption refrigeration unit, does not lead to an increase in energy consumption (according to the test results below than in the standard version by 5 %) and does not impair the performance of the cooling chambers.
The area of practical use of the research results: household energy-saving appliances.
Innovative technological product: the use of an evaporation-condensation cycle that provides highly efficient heat transfer at a distance of up to 1 meter from the heat dissipation zone of the refrigeration unit to the usable volume of the heating chamber of the household appliance.