bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Income developments in the great recession: status for the Danish prime-age working population a decade following the onset of the Financial Crisis
Authors: Christensen Mads Lybech , Jonassen Anders Bruun , Fallesen Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo assess the impact of the Financial Crisis and the Great Recession in Denmark this paper studies developments in Danish labor market income and disposable income from 1995 through 2019. We focus on the prime age working population of 25–54-year-old Danish citizens, with emphasis on labor market performance of the younger and less educated members of this labor force. The recession had a large and long-lasting impact on labor market earnings. Young individuals and, especially, those with least education suffered the largest setbacks to earnings developments. Disposable income was not affected in a similar way. Welfare state transfers and lower taxes softened the impact on disposable income, while the unprecedentedly low lending-rates and tax reform also elevated consumption possibilities. Tracking economic activity of the youngest cohorts after the onset of the Financial Crisis we find that catching up to earnings levels of previous cohorts took on average 8 years. For young men the setback to earnings was larger and catching-up slower. A decade following the onset of the Financial Crisis around 20% of young men, pertaining to the bottom of the earnings distribution, had still not caught up to the earnings of previous cohorts.
Combustion, kinetics and thermodynamic characteristics of rice husks and rice husk-biocomposites using thermogravimetric analysis
Authors: Yiga Vianney Andrew , Katamba Moses , Lubwama Michael , Adolfsson Karin H. , Hakkarainen Minna , Kamalha Edwin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPyrolysis of rice husk (RH), alkali-treated cellulose-rich rice husk (RHC), chemically modified RHC (RHCM) and RH-biocomposites by thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to determine combustion and kinetic parameters at three different heating rates of 20, 40 and 50 °C min−1. Combustion performance was analyzed from results of ignition temperature, burnout temperature, combustion rates, flammability index and combustion characteristic index. Increase in heating rate from 20 to 40 and further to 50 °C min−1 increased the onset of degradation, burnout and peak temperatures as observed by curve shifts to the right. Maximum combustion rates were around 0.57–0.59% min−1, 1.03% min−1 and 0.63–0.69% min−1 for RH, RHC and RHCM, respectively. For the RH-biocomposites, the maximum combustion rates were in a 0.76–0.97% min−1 range. Their average pre-exponential factors using KAS method were in the 2.24E-03–8.07E-03 range, respectively, while those for OFW method were in the 7.75E + 04–4.55E + 06 range, respectively. Average activation energies of RH-biocomposites were in the 41.0–58.2 kJ mol−1 and 48.3–67.7 kJ mol−1 ranges for KAS and OFW methods, respectively. The data were well fitting with coefficient of determination (R2) values close to 1. Average ΔG value ranges for RH-biocomposites ranged between 148.2 and 161.7 kJ mol−1. The low-energy barrier (≤ 5.4 kJ mol−1) between activation energy and enthalpy changes indicated that reaction initiation occurs easily.
Landscape features drive insectivorous bat activity in Indian rice fields
Authors: Bhalla Iqbal Singh , Razgour Orly , Rigal François , Whittaker Robert J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Context
Insectivorous bats have been shown to control a number of agricultural insect pests. As bats exhibit species-specific responses to the surrounding landscape, tied closely to their morphology and foraging mode, the activity and distribution patterns of bats, and consequently the ecosystem services they provide, are influenced by the landscape characteristics.

Objectives
This study aims to determine which features in the landscape surrounding rice fields influence the activity levels of insectivorous bats, and at what scales they are most influential.

Methods
We collected acoustic recordings to determine activity levels of seven bat sonotypes in rice fields surrounded by a variety of land-cover types in the Nagaon district of Assam, India. Using this, we determined the most important set of features in the surrounding landscape, and the scales at which had the strongest impact, for each sonotype.

Results
Our results suggest that tree cover variables are the most important predictors of bat activity in rice fields. Distance to nearest forest, area of forest within 1 km, distance to nearest forest edge, and landscape heterogeneity influenced all five of the analysed bat sonotypes. Also important were the amount of urban land within 1 km, which exerted a negative effect on the activity of one sonotype, and moonlight activity, which negatively influenced the activity levels of one sonotype.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that when flying over rice fields, bat activity is most influenced by presence and proximity of trees. Therefore, increasing tree cover in agricultural landscapes will increase bat activity and likely the level of pest control.
Two-stage machine learning models for bowel lesions characterisation using self-propelled capsule dynamics
Authors: Afebu Kenneth Omokhagbo , Tian Jiyuan , Papatheou Evangelos , Liu Yang , Prasad Shyam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo foster early bowel cancer diagnosis, a non-invasive biomechanical characterisation of bowel lesions is proposed. This method uses the dynamics of a self-propelled capsule and a two-stage machine learning procedure. As the capsule travels and encounters lesions in the bowel, its exhibited dynamics are envisaged to be of biomechanical significance being a highly sensitive nonlinear dynamical system. For this study, measurable capsule dynamics including acceleration and displacement have been analysed for features that may be indicative of biomechanical differences, Young’s modulus in this case. The first stage of the machine learning involves the development of supervised regression networks including multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and support vector regression (SVR), that are capable of predicting Young’s moduli from dynamic signals features. The second stage involves an unsupervised categorisation of the predicted Young’s moduli into clusters of high intra-cluster similarity but low inter-cluster similarity using K-means clustering. Based on the performance metrics including coefficient of determination and normalised mean absolute error, the MLP models showed better performances on the test data compared to the SVR. For situations where both displacement and acceleration were measurable, the displacement-based models outperformed the acceleration-based models. These results thus make capsule displacement and MLP network the first-line choices for the proposed bowel lesion characterisation and early bowel cancer diagnosis.
Time perspective profile and self-reported health on the EQ-5D
Authors: Rencz Fanni , Janssen Mathieu F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Time perspective (TP) is a psychological construct that is associated with several health-related behaviours, including healthy eating, smoking and adherence to medications. In this study, we aimed to examine the associations of TP profile with self-reported health on the EQ-5D-5L and to detect which domains display response heterogeneity (cut-point shift) for TP.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of EQ-5D-5L data from a representative general population sample in Hungary (n = 996). The 17-item Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory was used to measure individuals' TP on five subscales: past-negative, past-positive, present-fatalist, present-hedonist and future. The associations between TP subscales and EQ-5D-5L domain scores, EQ VAS and EQ-5D-5L index values were analysed by using partial proportional odds models and multivariate linear regressions.

Results
Respondents that scored higher on the past-negative and present-fatalist and lower on the present-hedonist and future subscales were more likely to report more health problems in at least one EQ-5D-5L domain (p < 0.05). Adjusting for socio-economic and health status, three EQ-5D-5L domains exhibited significant associations with various TP subscales (usual activities: present-fatalist and future, pain/discomfort: past-negative and future, anxiety/depression: past-negative, present-fatalist, present-hedonist and future). The anxiety/depression domain showed evidence of cut-point shift.

Conclusions
This study identified response heterogeneity stemming from psychological characteristics in self-reported health on the EQ-5D-5L. TP seems to play a double role in self-reported health, firstly as affecting underlying health and secondly as a factor influencing one’s response behavior. These findings increase our understanding of the non-health-related factors that affect self-reported health on standardized health status measures.
Distributed out-of-memory NMF on CPU/GPU architectures
Authors: Boureima Ismael , Bhattarai Manish , Eren Maksim , Skau Erik , Romero Philip , Eidenbenz Stephan , Alexandrov Boian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe propose an efficient distributed out-of-memory implementation of the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm for heterogeneous high-performance-computing systems. The proposed implementation is based on prior work on NMFk, which can perform automatic model selection and extract latent variables and patterns from data. In this work, we extend NMFk by adding support for dense and sparse matrix operation on multi-node, multi-GPU systems. The resulting algorithm is optimized for out-of-memory problems where the memory required to factorize a given matrix is greater than the available GPU memory. Memory complexity is reduced by batching/tiling strategies, and sparse and dense matrix operations are significantly accelerated with GPU cores (or tensor cores when available). Input/output latency associated with batch copies between host and device is hidden using CUDA streams to overlap data transfers and compute asynchronously, and latency associated with collective communications (both intra-node and inter-node) is reduced using optimized NVIDIA Collective Communication Library (NCCL) based communicators. Benchmark results show significant improvement, from 32X to 76x speedup, with the new implementation using GPUs over the CPU-based NMFk. Good weak scaling was demonstrated on up to 4096 multi-GPU cluster nodes with approximately 25,000 GPUs when decomposing a dense 340 Terabyte-size matrix and an 11 Exabyte-size sparse matrix of density $$10^{-6}$$

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The advantage of living in the city: effects of urbanization on body size and mass of native and alien squirrels
Authors: Tranquillo Claudia , Wauters Lucas A. , Santicchia Francesca , Panzeri Mattia , Preatoni Damiano , Martinoli Adriano , Bisi Francesco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn an ever more urbanized world, animals have to cope with different challenging conditions that may shape the individual’s phenotype in the urban environment. Since body mass and body size are found to be related to fitness in many species, investigating the variation in these two morphological traits along the rural-urban gradient, is a first step to understand how animals adapt to urbanization. Here we studied two tree squirrels, the native Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) and the invasive Eastern grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), using a pseudo-experimental design with replicated study sites (2 rural, 2 suburban and 2 urban sites for each species). We investigated whether squirrels differed in body size and body mass along the urbanization gradient and whether the invasive alien squirrels had more marked differences along the gradient, showing a higher adaptation capacity. We did not find variation in body size in red squirrels along the gradient, but invasive grey squirrels were slightly larger in urban than in other area-types. In both species, animals of either sex were heavier in the urban than in the rural sites, while the difference between urban and suburban areas depends on species and sex. Hence, morphologically both native and invasive species showed similar changes, with higher body mass in urban habitat, which could result in higher fitness, since body mass in squirrels species is positively related to reproductive success.
Mineral analysis of Corymbia maculata plantlets: a shortcut to optimize the mineral concentrations in tissue culture media
Authors: Lidbetter Jonathan , Martin Antoine , Parks Sophie , Holford Paul , Milham Paul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany plants of commercial interest are propagated in tissue culture, with some presenting difficulties in their mineral balance. Historically, this issue has been addressed by varying the mineral composition of the media hoping to find a satisfactory combination. However, a potentially more efficient approach has been successful for several species, i.e., amendment of the media composition based on the mineral content of the plantlet leaves relative to that of the young leaves of thriving, field-grown plants. We used the latter approach to address a mineral imbalance encountered in propagating the Australian native plant, spotted iron gum (Corymbia maculata (syn. Eucalyptus maculata)). The chemical analysis showed that the concentration of iron in the plantlets was far in excess of requirement, and the plantlets thrived when its concentration in the medium was decreased 10-fold. This success supports the proposition that the mineral analysis of plantlets, together with the published data on foliar sufficiency ranges, may provide an efficient, general approach to optimizing the mineral composition of media for the in vitro production of plants.
Analysis of real-world data demonstrating the efficacy of current management of polycythaemia vera in attaining and maintaining therapeutic haematocrit
Authors: Buckley Frances D. , Arnold Claire , Brass Dawn , Catherwood Mark , McMullin Mary Frances 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Polycythaemia vera (PV) is a Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm, typically driven by acquired JAK2 mutation and characterised by elevated red cell mass and increased risk of thrombotic events. Patients are managed with phlebotomy to maintain haematocrit (Hct) < 0.45, and patients stratified as ‘high risk’ for thrombosis are additionally treated with cytoreductive agents to attain this target.

Study
This analysis of newly diagnosed JAK2 mutant PV patients (n = 50) over 2 years aimed to determine how effectively patients attained and maintained target Hct according to recommended practice.

Conclusions
We found that patients spent the majority of time in target Hct range. Findings are supportive of current management guidelines.
Osteocytes and Primary Cilia
Authors: Verbruggen Stefaan W. , Sittichokechaiwut Anuphan , Reilly Gwendolen C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to provide a background on osteocytes and the primary cilium, discussing the role it plays in osteocyte mechanosensing.

Recent Findings
Osteocytes are thought to be the primary mechanosensing cells in bone tissue, regulating bone adaptation in response to exercise, with the primary cilium suggested to be a key mechanosensing mechanism in bone. More recent work has suggested that, rather than being direct mechanosensors themselves, primary cilia in bone may instead form a key chemo-signalling nexus for processing mechanoregulated signalling pathways. Recent evidence suggests that pharmacologically induced lengthening of the primary cilium in osteocytes may potentiate greater mechanotransduction, rather than greater mechanosensing.

Summary
While more research is required to delineate the specific osteocyte mechanobiological molecular mechanisms governed by the primary cilium, it is clear from the literature that the primary cilium has significant potential as a therapeutic target to treat mechanoregulated bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.
Exploration of Key Immune-Related Transcriptomes Associated with Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Xiong Daiqin , Yang Jianhua , Li Dongfeng , Wang Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on a few studies, heart failure patients with breast cancer were assessed to find potential biomarkers for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. However, key immune-related transcriptional markers linked to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients have not been thoroughly investigated. We used GSE40447, GSE76314, and TCGA BRCA cohorts to perform this study. Then, we performed various bioinformatics approaches to identify the key immune-related transcriptional markers and their association with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer. We found 255 upregulated genes and 286 downregulated genes in patients with doxorubicin-induced heart failure in breast cancer. We discovered that in patients with breast cancer comorbidity doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, the 58 immunological genes are elevated (such as CPA3, VSIG4, GATA2, RFX2, IL3RA, and LRP1), and the 60 genes are significantly suppressed (such as MS4A1, FCRL1, CD200, FCRLA, FCRL2, and CD79A). Furthermore, we revealed that the immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are substantially associated with the enrichment of KEGG pathways, including B-cell receptor signaling pathway, primary immunodeficiency, chemokine signaling pathway, hematopoietic cell lineage, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, focal adhesion, dilated cardiomyopathy, cell adhesion molecule, etc. Moreover, we discovered that the doxorubicin-induced immune-related genes are crucially involved in the protein–protein interaction and gene clusters. The immune-related genes, including IFIT5, XCL1, SPIB, BTLA, MS4A1, CD19, TCL1A, CD83, CD200, FCRLA, CD79A, BIRC3, and IGF2R are significantly associated with a poor survival prognosis of breast cancer patients and showed diagnostic efficacy in patients with breast cancer and heart failure. Molecular docking revealed that the survival-associated genes interact with the doxorubicin with appreciable binding affinity. Finally, we validated the expression level of immune-related genes in breast cancer patients-derived cardiomyocytes with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and found that the level of RAD9A, HSPA1B, GATA2, IGF2R, CD200, ERCC8, and BCL11A genes are consistently dysregulated. Our findings offered a basis for understanding the mechanism and pathogenesis of the cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin in breast cancer patients and predicted the interaction of immune-related potential biomarkers with doxorubicin.
Bursting of the upper jaw prosthesis and fractures of the lower jaw as indirect injury pattern caused by a headshot: a case report
Authors: Weber Anja , Wöss Claudia , Kneubuehl Beat P. , Rabl Walter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGunshots to the human body can cause direct and indirect injuries. Direct injuries are a consequence of the projectile guiding its way through the body, creating a permanent wound channel and thereby damaging the penetrated as well as the adjacent tissue. In addition, the temporary wound cavity is responsible for indirect injuries occurring distant to the actual wound tract. This can potentially affect different types of tissue, like blood vessels, organs, or bones, that are not directly passed through by the projectile. For this case report, we describe a suicidal headshot to the temporal area where the extension of the temporary wound cavity and its subsequent collapse led to massive energy transfer to the surrounding tissue leading to breakage of the upper dental prosthesis and fractures of the lower jaw. Thereby outlining the ballistic mechanisms causing indirect injury pattern that have to be considered when examining gunshot wounds.
Does age impact outcomes of retrograde intrarenal surgery in the elderly? Results from 366 patients from the FLEXible ureteroscopy outcomes registry (FLEXOR)
Authors: Giulioni Carlo , Brocca Carlo , Gauhar Vineet , Somani Bhaskar Kumar , Chew Ben Hall , Traxer Olivier , Emiliani Esteban , Innoue Takaki , Sarica Kemal , Gadzhiev Nariman , Tanidir Yiloren , Teoh Jeremy Yuen‑Chun , Galosi Andrea Benedetto , Castellani Daniele 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
There has been a consistent increase in the last decades in prevalence of renal stones in elderly.

Aims
To evaluate outcomes of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for renal stones in elderly and factors associated with postoperative complications and residual fragments (RFs).

Methods
Data from 12 centers were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria: ≥ 75 years, renal stones only, normal renal anatomy. Patients were divided into three groups; Group 1: patients aged 75–79 years; Group 2: age 80–84 years; Group 3: age ≥ 85 years. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess factors associated with perioperative complications, sepsis, and RFs.

Results
366 patients were included. There were 189 patients in Group 1, 113 in Group 2, and 64 in Group 3. There was no difference between groups regarding stone features and total surgical time. Median length of stay was significantly longer in Group 3 (6.0 days, vs 2.0 days in Group 2 vs 2.5 days in Group 1, p = 0.043). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications and RFs between the groups. At multivariable logistic regression analysis, female gender (OR 2.82) and maximum stone diameter (OR 1.14) were associated with higher odds of sepsis, while surgical time (OR 1.12) and the use of a reusable ureteroscope (OR 6.51) with overall complications. Stone size (OR 1.23) was associated with higher odds of RFs.

Conclusion
RIRS showed safety and efficacy for kidney stones in elderly patients. Surgical time should be kept as short as possible to avoid higher odds of postoperative complications, particularly in females.