bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEXpander: Applying colexification networks to automated lexicon expansion
Authors: Di Natale Anna , Garcia David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent approaches to text analysis from social media and other corpora rely on word lists to detect topics, measure meaning, or to select relevant documents. These lists are often generated by applying computational lexicon expansion methods to small, manually curated sets of seed words. Despite the wide use of this approach, we still lack an exhaustive comparative analysis of the performance of lexicon expansion methods and how they can be improved with additional linguistic data. In this work, we present LEXpander, a method for lexicon expansion that leverages novel data on colexification, i.e., semantic networks connecting words with multiple meanings according to shared senses. We evaluate LEXpander in a benchmark including widely used methods for lexicon expansion based on word embedding models and synonym networks. We find that LEXpander outperforms existing approaches in terms of both precision and the trade-off between precision and recall of generated word lists in a variety of tests. Our benchmark includes several linguistic categories, as words relating to the financial area or to the concept of friendship, and sentiment variables in English and German. We also show that the expanded word lists constitute a high-performing text analysis method in application cases to various English corpora. This way, LEXpander poses a systematic automated solution to expand short lists of words into exhaustive and accurate word lists that can closely approximate word lists generated by experts in psychology and linguistics.
A system of basic terms as a basis for improving legislation in the field of legal regulation of information interaction in local self-government
Authors: DUBNIAK M. 
Published: March 2023

В статье выяснены особенности понимания некоторых базовых категорий информационного права в их прикладном применении к определенной предметной области – местному самоуправлению и сформулированы дефиниции терминов “информационное взаимодействие”, “информационный продукт”, “инструмент информационного взаимодействия”. Обоснована необходимость наличия взаимосогласованной системы терминов как условия формирования предложений по внесению изменений в законодательство и предложен макет законопроекта о правовом регулировании информационного взаимодействия в процессе принятия решений на местном уровне с объяснением содержания конкретных правовых норм и подходов к их формированию.
The Internet of Things (IoT): legal issues in the application of smart contracts
Authors: BARANOV O. 
Published: March 2023

The analysis of using so-called smart contracts, which have become widespread in recent years. The definition of the term “smart contract” is given, some classification is offered for them. A comparative analysis of traditional and smart contracts in the part of legal regulation of their application was conducted. The article formulates legal problems of the theoretical and practical direction, which are a significant barrier to the use of smart contracts in the context of widespread use of Internet of Things, some solutions have been suggested for them.
Evaluación del porcentaje de micorrización en pinus pseudostrobus lindl establecido en áreas degradadas adicionando carbón vegetal
Authors: Cuevas-Suárez Carlos , Osorio Anahí Atanasio , Martínez-Maldonado Cesar E , Ortiz-Rodríguez Lilia 
Published: March 2023

Los hábitats forestales muestran cambios significativos en sus funciones como ecosistema debido a las alteraciones antropogénicas, causando sequias y deterioro de los suelos forestales, lo cual ha obligado a generar alternativas para rehabilitar y restaurar estas zonas, el uso de micorrizas y planta de la especie ideal pueden generar efectos favorables en su adaptabilidad a superficies degradadas proporcionando un mayor flujo de nutrientes y retención de agua, adicionando carbón vegetal se ha mejorado su productividad y vigorosidad de la planta. En el presente trabajo se estableció un ensayo de 2 tratamientos y un testigo, en áreas deforestadas y degradadas con la especie Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl, empleando carbón vegetal como parte del sustrato y adicionando Suillus granulatus en un tratamiento y (Boletus sp, Amanita sp, y Cantharellus cibarius) en otro, como agentes formadores de ectomicorriza. Durante el experimento se evaluó la sobrevivencia y el porcentaje de micorrización, caracterizándolas morfológicamente. Los resultados obtenidos en el experimento los dos tratamientos muestran que la adición de carbón vegetal tiende a retener mayor humedad a diferencia de las que no se les adiciono, esto hace suponer que tuvo repercusión importante en la sobrevivencia y en el porcentaje de la asociación simbiótica, el tratamiento variedad de hongos con dosis de carbon vegetal ½ muestra mejor respuesta en porcentajes de micorrización 68%, seguido del tratamiento de Suillus granulatus 55.5%, respecto al testigo 26.5%.
The Differential Assembly History of the Centers and Outskirts of Main-sequence Galaxies at z ∼ 2.3
Authors: Cutler Sam E. , Giavalisco Mauro , Ji Zhiyuan , Cheng Yingjie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present a study of spatially resolved star formation histories (SFHs) for 60 z ∼ 2.3 main-sequence, star-forming galaxies selected from the MOSDEF spectroscopic survey in the GOODS-N field, with median stellar mass

log
(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)

= 9.75 and spanning the range

8.6
<
log
(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
<
11.5

. Photometry is decomposed into a central and an outer spatial component using observed z
F850LP − H
F160W colors. The Prospector code is used to model spectral energy distributions for the center, outskirt, and integrated galaxy using Hubble Space Telescope/ACS and WFC3, Spitzer/IRAC, and ground-based photometry, with additional constraints on gas-phase metallicity and spectroscopic redshift from MOSDEF spectroscopy. For the low-resolution bands, spatially resolved photometry is determined with an iterative approach. The reconstructed SFHs indicate that the majority of galaxies with

log
(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
<
10.5

are observed while their central regions undergo relatively recent (<100 Myr) bursts of star formation, whereas the outskirts have a smooth, quasi-steady SFH that gently increases toward the redshift of observation. The enhanced star formation activity of the central parts is broadly consistent with the idea that it is produced by highly dissipative gas compaction and accretion. The wide range of central densities and sizes observed in the sample suggests that, for the selected galaxies, such a process has started but is still far from being completed. The implication would be that selecting star-forming galaxies at cosmic noon frequently includes systems in an “evolved” evolutionary phase where the centers have recently started a burst of star formation activity that will likely initiate inside-out quenching in the next several hundred million years.
Révolution et contre-révolution au Soudan
Authors: Brachet Eliott , Domingues dos Santos Elisa 
Published: March 2023

Fin 2018, les Soudanais se soulèvent contre leurs dirigeants. Ce mouvement de protestation aboutit à la destitution d’Omar al-Bachir en avril 2019. Le processus de transition qui s’enclenche ne peut aboutir, le pouvoir civil ne parvenant pas à prendre l’ascendant sur les militaires. Ces derniers reprennent complètement le contrôle des institutions après le coup d’État d’octobre 2021. Les Comités de résistance poursuivent la contestation, tandis que les conservateurs remontent en puissance.
L’Allemagne et le « changement d’époque »
Authors: Lucas Hans-Dieter 
Published: March 2023

L’agression russe de février 2022 a bouleversé la vision que, depuis 1989, l’Allemagne s’était forgée de sa place en Europe et de ses rapports au monde. Le long héritage des relations avec Moscou s’écroulait. Le changement d’époque contraignait à tout revoir : les moyens de la défense nationale et européenne, l’approvisionnement énergétique, les rapports avec d’autres partenaires comme la Chine. Le tout en réaffirmant la nécessité d’une Europe géopolitique et le caractère central de l’Alliance transatlantique.
Comparison between intravenous dexmedetomidine and nitroglycerin infusions for induced hypotension in patients undergoing vertebral fixation surgeries
Authors: Khalifa Mostafa K. , Ammar Ramadan A.E. , Elshafie Ahmed M.A. 
Published: March 2023

Background
In vertebral fixation surgeries, patients lose a lot of blood during the course of surgery. This could result in severe patient complications during and after surgery. This also makes surgical visualization in the bloody field difficult and the duration of surgery more prolonged. With the new anesthetic agents, drugs, and monitoring techniques, this problem has been addressed. Controlled hypotension is defined as a reduction in systolic blood pressure to 80–90 mmHg, a reduction of mean arterial pressure (MAP) to 60–70 mmHg or by 30% of the baseline. Controlled hypotension is a commonly used technique to limit blood loss and improve visualization of the operative field during vertebral fixation surgery.

Objective
To compare the effects of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and nitroglycerin (NTG) on intraoperative hemodynamics, amount of blood loss, speed of recovery from hypotension after cessation of infusion, and postoperative complications.

Subjective
This study was carried out on 50 adult patients of both sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II, admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery for elective spinal fixation surgeries (by the same surgical team) under general anesthesia.

Results
The results of the present study showed that arterial blood pressure in group I DEX at baseline (before induction of anesthesia) was 87.32±6.11 and increases significantly after 10 min from 20 to 80 min. The MAP was significantly decreased in group I at 90 min till the end of follow-up; there was no significant change in MAP from the baseline, while in group II ‘NTG.’ Comparing the two studied groups regarding MAP at different periods of follow-up, it was found that there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding MAP all over the period of follow-up.

Conclusion
NTG and DEX could induce hypotension, but DEX showed a more favorable hemodynamic profile as regards blood pressure and heart rate. DEX also showed a shorter duration of surgery with less blood loss and less blood transfusion.
Effects of single preoperative oral pregabalin administration on postoperative hyperalgesia and opioid consumption after total abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Omar Sherif Y. , Afifi Monir K. , Abd Elhady Mohamed M. , Elkader Mahmoud Ahmed A. 
Published: March 2023

Background
The objective of this randomized double blind study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative single oral dose of pregabalin 150 mg on pain sensitivity, postoperative hyperalgsia and opioid consumption after total abdominal hysterectomy.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative single oral dose of pregabalin on pain sensitivity, postoperative hyperalgsia and opioid consumption after total abdominal hysterectomy.

Patients and methods
Sixty female patients were randomly categorized into two equal groups (30 patients each): group I, patients received pregabalin 150 mg orally, 1 h before induction of anaesthesia. Group II, patients received a matching placebo orally, 1 h before induction of anaesthesia, then evaluation of postoperative analgesia by visual analogue scale score, postoperative hyperalgesia using von Frey filaments and opioid consumption for 24 h was carried out.

Conclusion
From the primary endpoints assessed in this work, one can declare that usage of pregabalin in a dose of 150 mg, was more effective in reducing hemodynamic changes, postoperative pain intensity, hyperalgesia and analgesic consumption in comparison with a placebo as pre-emptive analgesia, when neither doses caused respiratory depression or sedation or PONV, but found also to significantly increase postoperative side effects including dizziness and somnolence as a secondary endpoint assessed.
The use of ketorolac as an adjuvant in the superficial cervical plexus block
Authors: Soliman Fouad I. , Hassan Ahmed H. , Mahmoud Mohammed A. , Refaie Bahaa M. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Thyroidectomy operation is considered a common operation done nowadays. Pain after thyroidectomy is moderate to severe in some patients. Many techniques are used to provide analgesia and to avoid opioid adverse effects such as local wound infiltration, and regional anesthesia techniques like bilateral superficial cervical plexus block (BSCPB), alone or in combination with deep cervical plexus block.

Patients and methods
In this prospective, randomized, and double-blind study, 46 patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups (23 in each group): the bupivacaine group (group B) received BSCPB with 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and 1 ml normal saline on each side and the bupivacaine ketorolac group (group BK) received 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and 1 ml ketorolac (15 mg) on each side. The first-time supplemental analgesia needed postoperatively was our primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include total analgesic consumption, visual analog score, patient satisfaction, and adverse effects.

Results
visual analog score at 8, 16, and 24 h and total ketorolac requirements were significantly lower (P=0.001 and 0.02, respectively), whereas the time to first rescue analgesic requirement was significantly longer in group BK when compared with group B (P=0.001). The frequency of nausea and vomiting was not statistically significant with less incidence in group BK compared with group B. Throat pain frequency was significantly less in group BK (P=0.05). Patient satisfaction was statistically significant in group BK (P=0.03).

Conclusion
Adding ketorolac to bupivacaine in BSCPB improved the control of pain, increased the pain-free period, decreased postoperative analgesic needs, and decreased adverse effects.
Evaluation of changes in Mallampati class in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgeries in the prone position
Authors: Singha Dheeraj , Kattimani Milind Masuta , Kanwar Manjeet , Bhandari Shyam , Singh Jai 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Positioning of patients during surgery, whether prone or head down, can lead to airway edema which, in turn, may lead to a difficult airway, and enhanced chances for reintubation. We aimed to assess and evaluate modified Mallampati class (MMC) change in patients scheduled for lumbar spine surgery in the prone position.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective observational study included 80 patients scheduled for lumbar spine surgery. The MMC was assessed up to 48 h postoperatively. The time taken by the patients in the postoperative period for MMC class to revert to preoperative value and airway complications, if any, was noted. Other parameters observed were surgical duration, intraoperative fluids used, and blood loss to look for any significant correlation with changes in MMC.

Results:
MMC increase by one grade was observed in 73 patients (91%). MMC in 54 patients (74%) returned to baseline within 18 h, in 12 patients (16%) it took 24 h, and in the remaining 7 patients (10%) the time taken was 36 h.

Conclusion:
It was concluded and established by this study that the MMC declined by one grade and reverted to baseline value within 36 h. This change in MMC necessitates extra caution to be adopted during the postoperative period as surgery in a prone position may predispose to an increased risk of encountering difficult reintubation. The change in MMC was not significantly correlated to intraoperative variables like duration of surgery, amount of intraoperative fluid given, and blood loss.
Formulating interprofessional anesthesiology and operating room clinical management pathway during COVID-19 pandemic using experiential learning theory in a university hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bahaziq Wadeeah , Noaman Nada , AlHazmi Abeer , Tayeb Baraa , Boker Abdulaziz M. A. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
As the number of COVID-19 cases is rapidly increasing internationally, management, recommendations and guidelines of COVID-19 are rapidly evolving and changing. Formulating local clinical management policies among institutions adopting these recommendations is vital to staff as well as the patients’ safety. Also, training multidisciplinary teams on these policies is an important, yet challenging, part of the process. The purpose of this paper is to present the process that has been followed to formulate COVID-19-specific response anesthesiology and operating room (OR) policies at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, by applying David A. Kolb's experiential learning theory during simulation-based training. This project had a total of six simulation-based sessions (four simulation scenarios and two clinical drills) designed to test the efficacy and efficiency of the then current practice in the hospital, facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative data analysis was completed using qualitative thematic data analysis. To apply experiential Kolb's theory, session's checklist (two raters per session), outcomes, and participants’ feedback to develop and improve clinical management pathway in the department were used. The 12 reports and participants’ feedback highlighted three main areas for improvement. These are Personal Protective Equipment implementation, team dynamics, and airway management. This process then guided in creating a new understanding of the multidisciplinary clinical management pathway, in addition to enhancing viability of the current practice and clinical management guidelines and protocols, which were already established and adapted at the hospital before the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The alignment with Kolb's experiential theory helped formulate anesthesiology and OR effective clinical management pathway has been demonstrated. Applying experiential learning theory by a clinical institute using interprofessional, multidisciplinary simulations and clinical drills can guide the process of formulating clinical management pathways during pandemic outbreaks.
Evaluation of magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant in sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery
Authors: Zahoor Abdul , Font Ingrid , Silva Juan C. , Garcia Lucia , Ahmad Nauman , Khandekar Rajiv 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and satisfaction for the use of adjuvant; magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery.

Methods:
This single centered randomized, double blind trial was held in 2021 after approval of ethical committee at the Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cataract patients to be operated using local anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups; Group magnesium sulfate (MS) received 50 mg/0.5 ml of magnesium sulfate and Group normal saline (NS) received 0.5 ml of normal saline added to the standard mixture, respectively. Absence of eyelid dropping and akinesia of the globe at different time after anesthesia were considered as ineffective anesthesia. The age and sex-adjusted generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis was carried out. Complications, patient's and surgeon's satisfaction were also compared.

Results:
Each group had 100 cataract patients. Effectiveness of block was not significantly different in two groups (adjusted odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62, 1.31; P = 0.594). The likelihood of “no eye-opening” significantly increased with time (adjusted odds ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.18–1.34; P < 0.001). Subconjunctival bleeding was significantly higher in the MS versus NS Group (36 of 98 [36.7%] vs. 11 of 102 [10.8%], P < 0.001). Chemosis was not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.95). Patient's satisfaction score was very good (9/10) but slightly higher in NS group than MS (P = 0.001) while surgeon's satisfaction score was similar in both groups (P = 0.149).

Conclusions:
Although safe, adding 50 mg of magnesium sulfate did not improve the effect of sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery. Risk of subconjunctival bleeding was higher in cataract patients operated using MgSO4 compared to those managed with the conventional sub-Tenon anesthetic.
Pulmonary biological glue embolism after endoscopic repair of gastric varices – A case report
Authors: Penedos Constanca , Pereira Cristina , Lemos Leonor , Pina Pedro 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTCyanoacrylate injection is widely used to treat hemorrhagic gastric varices. A pulmonary glue embolism is an unusual but potentially fatal complication. We present a case of a 51-year-old man with a history of alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis Child-Pugh B, who had an acute pulmonary embolism with sudden cardiorespiratory collapse due to biological glue injection used for the emergent repair of bleeding gastric varices. After the restoration of respiratory and hemodynamic parameters, he was admitted to the intensive care unit and the pulmonary biological glue emboli were documented with computed tomography scan. A high index of suspicion for this entity is essential in patients submitted to endoscopic sclerotherapy. Some might be asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, while others might present with cardiorespiratory collapse.
Anesthetic management of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Howbora Nilanjana , Sonowal Swaraj J. , Borah Tridip J. , Kakati Sonai D. , Das Anupam , Ninu Marie , Chintey Dokne 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can significantly influence overall and disease-free survival in selected patients suffering from peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMs). We report here the anaesthetic management of a 52 year old patient of Ca Colon with secondary ovarian and peritoneal deposits. She underwent cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with curative intent. The advent of CRS/HIPEC gives a promising alternative to conventional treatment modalities but comes with numerous challenges to the anesthesiologist—in view of the metabolic and hemodynamic adjustments—and demands training.
Assessment of N-acetylcysteine use for acetaminophen overdose in the emergency department of a community teaching hospital
Authors: Alaska Yasser A. , Alghadeer Sultan M. , Alrabiah Abdulaziz A. , Harb Abdulaziz , Almadi Bana 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the first-line treatment for acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. However, using NAC inappropriately is associated with an increased risk of adverse effects as well as a substantial increase in hospitalization and healthcare costs. This study aims to assess NAC utilization for acute APAP overdose in the emergency department of a community teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review in which the patients initiated on an NAC secondary to acute APAP overdose at KSUMC during the period of June 2015 till November 2018 were included and assessed based on developed validated evident-based protocol for administering NAC for acute APAP ingestion.

Results:
A total of 29 patients received NAC treatment for acute APAP overdose; 15 of which were adults, and 14 were pediatrics. Appropriate prescribing of NAC was observed in 14 (48.28%) patients, whereas NAC was inappropriately indicated for 15 (51.72%) patients; 9 of them were adults and 6 patients were pediatric. APAP-Ingestion <150 mg/kg (<200 mg/kg in children) was the most common reason for inappropriate use (n = 7, 46.67%) followed by administering NAC <4 hours post-APAP ingestion (n = 4, 26.67%).

Conclusion:
Improper NAC administration appears to be a significant issue among patients with APAP overdose. The utilization of a protocol for the management of APAP overdose will reduce the unnecessary usage of NAC.