bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Tumor Cell Metabolic Subtype and Immune Response With the Clinical Course of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wei Xiaolin , Michelakos Theodoros , He Qian , Wang Xianxing , Chen Yu , Kontos Filippos , Wang Huaizhi , Liu Xiangde , Liu Hui , Zheng Wenjing , Ferrone Soldano , Zhang Yun , Ferrone Cristina R , Li Xiaowu , Cai Lei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aim
Tumor metabolism plays an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. This study evaluated the potential association of tumor cell metabolism and immune cell tumor infiltration with the clinical course of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
Gene-wise normalization and principal component analysis were performed to evaluate the metabolic system. A tumor microenvironment score system of tumor immune cell infiltration was constructed to evaluate its association with metabolic subtypes. Finally, we analyzed the impact of metabolism and immune cell infiltration on the clinical course of HCC.

Results
A total of 673 HCC patients were categorized into cholesterogenic (25.3%), glycolytic (14.6%), mixed (10.4%), and quiescent (49.8%) types based on glycolysis and cholesterol biosynthesis gene expression. The subgroups including the glycolytic genotyping expression (glycolytic and mixed types) showed a higher mortality rate. The glycolytic, cholesterogenic, and mixed types were positively correlated with M0 macrophage, resting mast cell, and naïve B-cell infiltration (P = .013, P = .019, and P = .006, respectively). In TCGA database, high CD8+ T cell and low M0 macrophage infiltration were associated with prolonged overall survival (OS, P = .0017 and P &lt; .0001, respectively). Furthermore, in glycolytic and mixed types, patients with high M0 macrophage infiltration had a shorter OS (P = .03 and P = .013, respectively), and in quiescent type, patients with low naïve B-cell infiltration had a longer OS (P = .007).

Conclusions
Tumor metabolism plays a prognostic role and correlates with immune cell infiltration in HCC. M0 macrophage and CD8+ T cell appear to be promising prognostic biomarker for HCC. Finally, M0 macrophages may represent a useful immunotherapeutic target in patients with HCC.
Genomic insights into domestication and genetic improvement of fruit crops
Authors: Wang Runze , Li Xiaolong , Sun Manyi , Xue Cheng , Korban Schuyler S , Wu Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFruit crops cultivated in almost all countries and regions around the world serve as important agricultural commodities of significant economic value because they contribute to overall food security by providing a diverse food and nutrient supply to sustain human life and human health. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies offer unprecedented opportunities for pursuing genomic and genetic studies of fruit crops. Here, we will review major advances in fruit crop genome sequencing efforts undertaken over the past 15 years that have contributed to significant accumulation of publicly available genomic resources. We will highlight the expanding pool of genomic data that offer unprecedented opportunities to better unravel the genetic origin and domestication of fruit trees, as well as in deciphering the genetics of important horticultural traits of these fruit trees. Furthermore, we will explore how utilization of these genetic features of fruit trees along with new genomic-assisted tools, including genomic selection and gene editing, are informing and guiding plant geneticists and breeders in moving forward in their fruit crop breeding efforts. Finally, we will outline future prospects and unresolved questions that remain in both genomic research and genetic improvement of fruit crops.
Pain chronification impacts whole-brain functional connectivity in women with hip osteoarthritis during pain stimulation
Authors: Erlenwein Joachim , Kästner Anne , Gram Mikkel , Falla Deborah , Drewes Asbjørn M , Przemeck Michael , Petzke Frank 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that patients with chronic pain display altered functional connectivity across distributed brain areas involved in the processing of nociceptive stimuli. The aim of the present study was to investigate how pain chronification modulates whole-brain functional connectivity during evoked clinical and tonic pain.

Methods
Patients with osteoarthritis of the hip (n = 87) were classified into 3 stages of pain chronification (Grades I–III, Mainz Pain Staging System). Electroencephalograms were recorded during 3 conditions: baseline, evoked clinical hip pain, and tonic cold pain (cold pressor test). The effects of both factors (recording condition and pain chronification stage) on the phase-lag index, as a measure of neuronal connectivity, were examined for different frequency bands.

Results
In women, we found increasing functional connectivity in the low-frequency range (delta, 0.5–4 Hz) across pain chronification stages during evoked clinical hip pain and tonic cold pain stimulation. In men, elevated functional connectivity in the delta frequency range was observed in only the tonic cold pain condition.

Conclusions
Across pain chronification stages, we found that widespread cortical networks increase their synchronization of delta oscillations in response to clinical and experimental nociceptive stimuli. In view of previous studies relating delta oscillations to salience detection and other basic motivational processes, our results hint at these mechanisms playing an important role in pain chronification, mainly in women.
Trends in Abortion Attitudes: From Roe to Dobbs
Authors: Norrander Barbara , Wilcox Clyde 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
American public opinion on abortion has been investigated a multitude of times since the Supreme Court’s 1973 ruling in Roe v. Wade. In this trends article, we review public attitudes in five areas: (1) support or opposition to Roe v. Wade, (2) basic attitudes toward abortion, (3) attitudes toward abortion under different conditions, (4) attachments to the pro-choice versus pro-life labels, and (5) abortion attitudes in the 50 states. Initial public reaction to the 2022 Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision overturning Roe is also covered.
Demand and Welfare Analysis in Discrete Choice Models with Social Interactions
Authors: Bhattacharya Debopam , Dupas Pascaline , Kanaya Shin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Many real-life settings of individual choice involve social interactions, causing targeted policies to have spillover effects. This article develops novel empirical tools for analysing demand and welfare effects of policy interventions in binary choice settings with social interactions. Examples include subsidies for health-product adoption and vouchers for attending a high-achieving school. We show that even with fully parametric specifications and unique equilibrium, choice data, that are sufficient for counterfactual demand prediction under interactions, are insufficient for welfare calculations. This is because distinct underlying mechanisms producing the same interaction coefficient can imply different welfare effects and deadweight-loss from a policy intervention. Standard index restrictions imply distribution-free bounds on welfare. We propose ways to identify and consistently estimate the structural parameters and welfare bounds allowing for unobserved group effects that are potentially correlated with observables and are possibly unbounded. We illustrate our results using experimental data on mosquito-net adoption in rural Kenya.
The association between sonographic enthesitis with sonographic synovitis and tenosynovitis in psoriatic arthritis patients
Authors: Balulu Gavriel , Furer Victoria , Wollman Jonathan , Levartovsky David , Aloush Valerie , Elalouf Ofir , Sarbagil-Maman Hagit , Mendel Liran , Borok Sara , Paran Daphna , Elkayam Ori , Polachek Ari 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To examine the association between sonographic enthesitis with sonographic synovitis and tenosynovitis in PsA patients, and the association between sonographic enthesitis and clinical characteristics.

Methods
Consecutive PsA patients that fulfilled the ClASsification criteria for Psoriatic ARthritis (CASPAR) were prospectively recruited. Each patient was evaluated by comprehensive clinical and sonographic assessment (greyscale and Doppler), the latter including 52 joints, 40 tendons and 14 entheses [according to MAdrid Sonography Enthesitis Index (MASEI) plus lateral epicondyles] performed by an experienced sonographer blinded to the clinical data. The US enthesitis score was further categorized to inflammatory (hypoechogenicity, thickening, bursitis and Doppler) and structural (enthesophytes/calcifications and erosions) subcategories. Multivariate linear regression models assessed the association between enthesitis and the selected variables.

Results
A total of 158 PsA patients [mean (s.d.) age 52.3 (13) years, 88 (55.7%) females] were analysed. Multivariate linear regression analyses showed a significant association between sonographic enthesitis and sonographic synovitis (β = 0.18, P = 0.008) and between sonographic enthesitis and sonographic tenosynovitis (β = 0.06, P = 0.02). These associations were derived from the enthesitis inflammatory subcategory of the MASEI (P &lt; 0.05). Associations between enthesitis and synovitis were also demonstrated on the level of the elbow, knee and ankle joints (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, sonographic enthesitis was significantly associated with older age, male sex, swollen joint count, CRP level and physical occupation.

Conclusions
Sonographic enthesitis is associated with sonographic synovitis and tenosynovitis. The severity of sonographic enthesitis may represent a marker for inflammatory activity in other musculoskeletal domains.
Genome-wide Association Analysis of Schizophrenia and Vitamin D Levels Shows Shared Genetic Architecture and Identifies Novel Risk Loci
Authors: Jaholkowski Piotr , Hindley Guy F L , Shadrin Alexey A , Tesfaye Markos , Bahrami Shahram , Nerhus Mari , Rahman Zillur , O’Connell Kevin S , Holen Børge , Parker Nadine , Cheng Weiqiu , Lin Aihua , Rødevand Linn , Karadag Naz , Frei Oleksandr , Djurovic Srdjan , Dale Anders M , Smeland Olav B , Andreassen Ole A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Low vitamin D (vitD) levels have been consistently reported in schizophrenia (SCZ) suggesting a role in the etiopathology. However, little is known about the role of underlying shared genetic mechanisms. We applied a conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate approach (FDR) on large, nonoverlapping genome-wide association studies for SCZ (N cases = 53 386, N controls = 77 258) and vitD serum concentration (N = 417 580) to evaluate shared common genetic variants. The identified genomic loci were characterized using functional analyses and biological repositories. We observed cross-trait SNP enrichment in SCZ conditioned on vitD and vice versa, demonstrating shared genetic architecture. Applying the conjunctional FDR approach, we identified 72 loci jointly associated with SCZ and vitD at conjunctional FDR &lt; 0.05. Among the 72 shared loci, 40 loci have not previously been reported for vitD, and 9 were novel for SCZ. Further, 64% had discordant effects on SCZ-risk and vitD levels. A mixture of shared variants with concordant and discordant effects with a predominance of discordant effects was in line with weak negative genetic correlation (rg = −0.085). Our results displayed shared genetic architecture between SCZ and vitD with mixed effect directions, suggesting overlapping biological pathways. Shared genetic variants with complex overlapping mechanisms may contribute to the coexistence of SCZ and vitD deficiency and influence the clinical picture.
Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation versus usual care guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Zheyuan , Han Xiao , Liu Ying , Wang Mengjun , Wang Beibei , Wang Ling , Jin Hongxu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound is widely used in critical care for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation strategies and usual care in septic shock.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and registers for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the prognosis of ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock.ResultsTwelve randomized controlled studies with 947 participants were included. Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock was associated with reduced mortality (risk ratio: 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65 to 0.94;P= 0.007) and 24-hour fluid volume (mean differences [MD]: −1.02; 95% CI: −1.28 to −0.75;P< 0.001), low heterogeneity (I2= 29%,I2= 0%), and increased dose of norepinephrine (MD: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02–0.11;P= 0.002) and dobutamine dose (MD: 2.2; 95% CI: 0.35–4.04;P= 0.02), with low heterogeneity (I2= 45%,I2= 0%). There was no reduction in the risk of dobutamine use (risk ratio: 1.67; 95% CI: 0.52 to 5.36;P= 0.39;I2= 0%). Inferior vena cava–related measures reduced the length of hospital stay (MD: −2.91; 95% CI: −5.2 to −0.62;P= 0.01; low heterogeneity,I2= 8%) and length of intensive care unit stay (MD: −2.77; 95% CI: −4.51 to −1.02;P= 0.002; low heterogeneity,I2= 0%). The use of the passive leg-raising test combined with echocardiography to assess fluid reactivity was superior. Ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation did not significantly change the length of the free intensive care unit stay (MD: 1.5; 95% CI: −3.81 to 6.81;P= 0.58;I2= 0%).ConclusionUltrasound-guided fluid resuscitation in patients with septic shock is beneficial, especially when using inferior vena cava–related measures and the passive leg-raising test combined with echocardiography.
Medication-assisted treatment 24-hr waiver training for opioid use disorder: Lessons learned
Authors: Oh Kyeung Mi , Oetjen Cheryl A. , Beran Krista , Harvey Megan S. , Zamilus-Osabu Myriame 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
This study reports our experience in implementing and evaluating medication-assisted treatment (MAT) training. MAT training includes immersion into practice and integration of treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). During 2019–2021, MAT training was offered to students in Master of Science in Nursing and Doctor of Nursing Practice programs. Feedback on our training program was obtained through required Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services surveys and focus groups after training sessions to assess the quality of training, materials, instruction, and impact and usefulness of training. In addition, after completion of training, surveys were emailed to those who graduated in 2020 and 2021. Surveys included demographic questions and qualitative responses to assess MAT training quality, clinical application time, and how comfortable graduates felt regarding their knowledge, skills, and attitude toward treatment. Integrating training modules from the beginning of the nursing program over several semesters facilitating students with multiple exposures to training materials and offering clinical experiences solidified students' knowledge into practice. Most students were satisfied with the training and felt the training was effective in integrating new knowledge related to MAT. More importantly, it improved students' negative attitudes toward people with OUD and students' desire to pursue being an OUD MAT provider after graduation. The continued assessment and curriculum development of MAT training in nursing programs is crucial in fighting the opioid overdose epidemic. This expansion in interested MAT providers may contribute to improving access for underserved patients seeking MAT treatment with an increase in available providers.
Knowledge and confidence gains after a COVID-19 vaccine continuing education program developed for nurse practitioners
Authors: Roberts Eve N. , Carrico Ruth , Garrett John Hudson , Scalzo Patty 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has been marked by rapid innovation in vaccine development. Given that nurse practitioners (NPs) are often involved in vaccine counseling and administration, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners developed a continuing education (CE) series that covered COVID-19 vaccine development, recommendations, administration, and solutions for overcoming hesitancy. In 2020 and 2021, three separate live webinars were delivered; each webinar was updated with the latest vaccine recommendations and was then archived in an enduring format for up to 4 months. The goal of this study was to assess changes in preactivity and postactivity knowledge and confidence and to qualitatively report other learner outcomes. Across the three webinars, 3,580 unique learners who self-reported seeing patients eligible for COVID-19 vaccination completed at least one activity. Knowledge and competence improved from the preactivity to postactivity survey in all webinars, with the overall rates of correct answers increasing by 30% after webinar 1, 37% after webinar 2, and 28% after webinar 3 (allp< .001). Furthermore, mean confidence in learner's ability to address vaccine hesitancy improved across all three webinars (range, 31–32%; allp< .001). The majority of learners indicated that they planned to incorporate lessons from the activity into their clinical practice (range, 85–87%). In postactivity surveys, vaccine hesitancy was identified as an ongoing barrier by up to 33% of learners. In conclusion, this CE activity improved learner knowledge, competence, and confidence related to COVID-19 vaccination and underscores the importance of up-to-date CE targeted to NPs.
The effect of discharge care plans on statin prescription rates
Authors: Alleyne Dwayne 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Stroke discharge care bundles have been proposed to address inadequate provider statin prescription rates.

Local problem:
Discontinuation of statins has been associated with a 37% relative risk increase in mortality in patients with a stroke diagnosis. The project site had a statin prescription rate of 86.2%.

Methods:
The project was initiated at a 641-bed regional community teaching medical center. Statin prescription rates upon discharge on patients with the diagnosis of transient ischemic attack or stroke were evaluated and noted to be below the benchmark of 95%. Possible interventions to improve this benchmark were discussed with key stakeholders such as the information technology team, stroke care outcomes team, and neurology service providers. The proposed intervention was incorporated into the electronic health record. Provider prescription rates were tracked monthly along with the use of the proposed intervention. A one-sided z-test was used to analyze the data collected.

Interventions:
A stroke discharge power plan within an electronic health record was modified to increase the rate of statin prescriptions. The key modification included checking off the prescription of a statin on discharge. Reinforcement of its use was done through monthly reminders.

Results:
Use of discharge care plan yielded 100% compliance. Overall compliance was 9.7%. The null hypothesis of the one-sided z-test was 89%. The p-value for all tests was <0.05.

Conclusion:
The use of a stroke discharge care plan within an electronic health record can positively affect secondary stroke prevention by increasing statin prescription rates.
Optical Coherence Tomography Can Reduce Colposcopic Referral Rates in Patients With High-Risk Human Papillomavirus
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Yan Lei , Yang Xue , Zhou Zhixian , Shi Liye , Fu Chun 
Published: May 2023

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of combined human papillomavirus (HPV) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) cervical cancer screening strategies.

Materials and Methods
The OCT and cytology results were compared with the pathological results to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and immediate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) risk. The authors compared the efficiency of colposcopy by using different triage strategies. They discussed differentiation in OCT screening in different age groups.

Results
Eight hundred thirteen participants with high-risk HPV-positive and cervical cytology results underwent OCT before colposcopy between March 1 and October 1, 2021. The HPV16/18 genotyping with OCT triage has a specificity of CIN3+ lesions (61.1%; 95% CI = 57.6%–64.6%), intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) (66.0%; 95% CI = 62.4%–69.6%). The HPV16/18 genotyping with cytology triage has a specificity of CIN3+ (44.0%; 95% CI = 40.4%–47.6%), CIN2+ (47.0%; 95% CI = 43.2%–50.8%). The OCT triage has a higher positive predictive value compared with the cytology, with a significant difference in CIN2+ lesions (45.0%; 95% CI = 38.8%–51.3% vs 29.2%; 95% CI = 24.7%–33.7%).

Conclusions
The combination of OCT and high-risk HPV triage (both genotyping and nongenotyping) had a similar immediate CIN3+ risk stratification and reduced the number of colposcopies compared with the cytological triage strategy.
Clinical study of probiotics combined with lactulose for minimal hepatic encephalopathy treatment
Authors: Shi Junfen , Li Fang 
Published: May 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the clinical effect of probiotics combined with lactulose for minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) treatment.

Methods
A total of 88 patients with MHE were randomly divided into the control (n = 44) and combined groups (n = 44). The control group was treated with lactulose, while the combined group was treated with probiotics and lactulose. Serum ammonia, liver function [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)], intestinal mucosal barrier markers [fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)] and number connection test A (NCT-A) and digit symbol test (DST) scores were tested and compared between the two groups.

Results
The post-treatment in the control and combined groups shows decreased serum ammonia levels, ALT and AST levels, FABP2 and AGEs levels and NCT-A score and increased DST score compared with pre-treatment, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Post-treatment, the serum ammonia level, ALT and AST levels, FABP2 and AGEs levels, NCT-A score decreased and DST score increased in the combined group compared with the control group, with a significant difference (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Probiotics can promote lactulose in MHE treatment.