bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Ambient Weather Conditions on Stated Preferences for Ecosystem Services Management
Authors: Notaro Sandra , Grilli Gianluca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne of the assumptions in stated preference studies is the stability of respondents’ preferences. This assumption might be violated in situations of context dependence, i.e., when the contingent situation influences respondents’ choices. Ambient weather conditions (AWCs) are one element of the context that may influence stated preferences. The literature suggests that AWCs affect people’s emotions, behaviors, and decision-making processes; however, the potential AWCs impact in environmental preference studies has not yet been investigated. This aspect is of high importance because context-dependent choices return biased willingness to pay estimates and affect the subsequent welfare analysis that informs public policy. To shed light on this important aspect of non-market valuation studies, we explore the effect of AWCs on preferences elicited with a Discrete Choice Experiment for ecosystem services management of a Nature Park. Results of a generalized mixed logit model evidenced a significant effect of AWCs on respondents’ choices, with good weather conditions leading to higher preferences and willingness to pay for ecosystem services management. This result, which is consistent with previous psychological studies, raises the issue of sampling design and reveals the importance of a sensitivity analysis of WTP. As this issue is still unexplored in stated preference studies, we also encourage undertaking similar studies to add a priori knowledge for more accurate ex-post calibration of WTP estimates.
Incidence of diverticulitis recurrence after sigmoid colectomy: a retrospective cohort study from a tertiary center and systematic review
Authors: Waser Alexia , Balaphas Alexandre , Uhe Isabelle , Toso Christian , Buchs Nicolas C. , Ris Frédéric , Meyer Jeremy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Our aim was to determine the incidence of diverticulitis recurrence after sigmoid colectomy for diverticular disease.

Methods
Consecutive patients who benefited from sigmoid colectomy for diverticular disease from January 2007 to June 2021 were identified based on operative codes. Recurrent episodes were identified based on hospitalization codes and reviewed. Survival analysis was performed and was reported using a Kaplan–Meier curve. Follow-up was censored for last hospital visit and diverticulitis recurrence. The systematic review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA statement. Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting on the incidence of diverticulitis after sigmoid colectomy. The review was registered into PROSPERO (CRD42021237003, 25/06/2021).

Results
One thousand three-hundred and fifty-six patients benefited from sigmoid colectomy. Four hundred and three were excluded, leaving 953 patients for inclusion. The mean age at time of sigmoid colectomy was 64.0 + / − 14.7 years. Four hundred and fifty-eight patients (48.1%) were males. Six hundred and twenty-two sigmoid colectomies (65.3%) were performed in the elective setting and 331 (34.7%) as emergency surgery. The mean duration of follow-up was 4.8 + / − 4.1 years. During this period, 10 patients (1.1%) developed reccurent diverticulitis. Nine of these episodes were classified as Hinchey 1a, and one as Hinchey 1b. The incidence of diverticulitis recurrence (95% CI) was as follows: at 1 year: 0.37% (0.12–1.13%), at 5 years: 1.07% (0.50–2.28%), at 10 years: 2.14% (1.07–4.25%) and at 15 years: 2.14% (1.07–4.25%). Risk factors for recurrence could not be assessed by logistic regression due to the low number of incidental cases. The systematic review of the literature identified 15 observational studies reporting on the incidence of diverticulitis recurrence after sigmoid colectomy, which ranged from 0 to 15% for a follow-up period ranging between 2 months and over 10 years.

Conclusion
The incidence of diverticulitis recurrence after sigmoid colectomy is of 2.14% at 15 years, and is mostly composed of Hinchey 1a episodes. The incidences reported in the literature are heterogeneous.
Increasing SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among UK pediatric patients on dialysis and kidney transplantation between January 2020 and August 2021
Authors: Bamber Holly N. , Kim Jon Jin , Reynolds Ben C. , Afzaal Javairiya , Lunn Andrew J. , Tighe Patrick J. , Irving William L. , Tarr Alexander W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on 11 March 2020, as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly across the world. We investigated the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pediatric patients on dialysis or kidney transplantation in the UK.

Methods
Excess sera samples were obtained prospectively during outpatient visits or haemodialysis sessions and analysed using a custom immunoassay calibrated with population age-matched healthy controls. Two large pediatric centres contributed samples.

Results
In total, 520 sera from 145 patients (16 peritoneal dialysis, 16 haemodialysis, 113 transplantation) were analysed cross-sectionally from January 2020 until August 2021. No anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive samples were detected in 2020 when lockdown and enhanced social distancing measures were enacted. Thereafter, the proportion of positive samples increased from 5% (January 2021) to 32% (August 2021) following the emergence of the Alpha variant. Taking all patients, 32/145 (22%) were seropositive, including 8/32 (25%) with prior laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 12/32 (38%) post-vaccination (one of whom was also infected after vaccination). The remaining 13 (41%) seropositive patients had no known stimulus, representing subclinical cases. Antibody binding signals were comparable across patient ages and dialysis versus transplantation and highest against full-length spike protein versus spike subunit-1 and nucleocapsid protein.

Conclusions
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was low in 2020 and increased in early 2021. Serological surveillance complements nucleic acid detection and antigen testing to build a greater picture of the epidemiology of COVID-19 and is therefore important to guide public health responses.

Graphical abstract
A2M-LEUK: attention-augmented algorithm for blood cancer detection in children
Authors: Talaat Fatma M. , Gamel Samah A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLeukemia is a malignancy that affects the blood and bone marrow. Its detection and classification are conventionally done through labor-intensive and specialized methods. The diagnosis of blood cancer in children is a critical task that requires high precision and accuracy. This study proposes a novel approach utilizing attention mechanism-based machine learning in conjunction with image processing techniques for the precise detection and classification of leukemia cells. The proposed attention-augmented algorithm for blood cancer detection in children (A2M-LEUK) is an innovative algorithm that leverages attention mechanisms to improve the detection of blood cancer in children. A2M-LEUK was evaluated on a dataset of blood cell images and achieved remarkable performance metrics: Precision = 99.97%, Recall = 100.00%, F1-score = 99.98%, and Accuracy = 99.98%. These results indicate the high accuracy and sensitivity of the proposed approach in identifying and categorizing leukemia, and its potential to reduce the workload of medical professionals and improve the diagnosis of leukemia. The proposed method provides a promising approach for accurate and efficient detection and classification of leukemia cells, which could potentially improve the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia. Overall, A2M-LEUK improves the diagnosis of leukemia in children and reduces the workload of medical professionals.
Complete genome sequence of a carlavirus identified in grapevine (Vitis sp) in Greece
Authors: Katsarou Konstantina , Andronis Christos , James Anthony , Euthymiou Kostas , Kryovrysanaki Nikoleta , Pappi Polykseni G. , Kalantidis Kriton 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing high-throughput sequencing, we identified a novel carlavirus sequence in a 28-year-old ‘Kotsifali’ grapevine sample collected in Heraklion (Crete, Greece). Using RT-PCR and 5'/3' RACE together with Sanger sequencing, the complete genome sequence of 8299 nt was confirmed and found to contain five open reading frames (ORFs) but to lack an ORF6, which is present in some members of the genus Carlavirus. The novel sequence is most similar to those of two carlaviruses infecting caper, and taking into account the ICTV nomenclature, we propose the name "grapevine carlavirus 1" for this new virus.
Comparison of chemiluminiscence versus lateral flow assay for the detection of Helicobacter pylori antigen in human fecal samples
Authors: Rescalvo-Casas Carlos , Hernando-Gozalo Marcos , Pereda Laura Seijas , Bertolín Carlos García , Pérez-García Felipe , Cuadros-González Juan , Pérez-Tanoira Ramón 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic gastric inflammation, which can lead to gastric neoplasia. Therefore, early diagnosis of H. pylori infection is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of complications. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the STANDARD™ F H. pylori Ag FIA stool antigen test (SD Biosensor) with the LIAISON® Meridian H. pylori SA for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. A total of 133 stool samples from patients with suspected H. pylori infection were compared using the STANDARD™ F H. pylori Ag FIA stool antigen test (SD Biosensor), based on lateral flow assay, with the LIAISON® Meridian H. pylori SA. Of the 45 positive samples with LIAISON, 44 were also positive while 1 was negative in the STANDARD™ antigen test. However, this discrepant sample showed a chemiluminescence index of 1.18, very close to the cut-off point of 1. On the other hand, of 88 negative samples obtained with LIAISON, 83 were negative and 5 were positive in the STANDARD™ antigen test. Moreover, STANDARD™ F H. pylori Ag FIA assay has shown a sensitivity of 97.8% (95% CI: 88.2-99.9), a specificity of 94.3% (95% CI: 87.2-98.1), a PPV of 83.9% (95% CI: 68.9-92.4) and a NPV of 99.3% ((95% CI: 95.3-99.9). In conclusion, the STANDARD™ F H. pylori Ag FIA (SD Biosensor) on the STANDARD™ F2400 analyser is a highly sensitive, specific and suitable assay for the detection of H. pylori in stool samples.
From leather wastes to leather: enhancement of low quality leather using collagen recovered from leather tanned wastes
Authors: Gargano Marika , Florio Claudia , Sannia Giovanni , Lettera Vincenzo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLeather industry produces huge amounts of solid wastes. In the last decade, several methods for the recovery and valorization of these wastes were developed, mainly focused on the extraction of collagen using chemical methods. The extracted collagen, due to its poor quality, is mostly used in agriculture as a nitrogen source ingredient of fertilizers. This study aims to apply collagen, extracted from leather tanned solid wastes using a recently reported new process based on enzymatic hydrolysis, as filling agent for low quality leather. Thanks to the enzymatic hydrolysis, collagen can be extracted without affecting its integrity and, therefore, its quality. In order to use the extracted collagen as filler for low quality leather, an enzymatic mediated cross-linking reaction between collagen and casein was developed. The enzymatic cross-linking reaction was added as an additional phase of the re-tanning process or as a replacement of one of the re-tanning steps. To evaluate the filling effect, thickness of the treated leather was measured and infrared and microscopy analyses were performed, comparing the new methods to the traditional standard one. The mechanical properties of the filled leather were tested and the sensorial features, such as fullness and touch feelings, were estimated through a panel test. Results suggest the high potential of extracted collagen to be employed back in leather processing both as additive and as substitutive filler.

Graphical abstract
Limits in reaching the anhydrous state of wood and cellulose
Authors: Altgen Michael , Fröba Michael , Gurr Julius , Krause Andreas , Ohlmeyer Martin , Sazama Uta , Willems Wim , Nopens Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWater-sorption studies and certain organic chemistry reactions require water removal from cellulosic samples. This is hindered by the strong interaction of cellulosic materials with water, and it remains uncertain if a completely anhydrous state can be reached under common drying conditions. Here, different drying conditions were applied to wood and cellulose, and the residual moisture contents were quantified either gravimetrically or by coulometric Karl-Fischer titration. Vacuum-drying at 103 °C and ≤ 1 mbar for at least 360 min decreased the moisture content to ≤ 0.04%. However, in automated sorption balances, drying at atmospheric pressure under dry air or nitrogen flow left some samples with more than 1% moisture content. The residual moisture content obtained under dry gas flow was temperature dependent. Increasing the temperature up to 55 °C decreased the residual moisture content and cooling resulted in a moisture re-uptake, presumably due to small quantities of water vapor in the surrounding atmosphere. These effects must be considered in fundamental studies on water interactions of cellulosic materials.
High phytoremediation and translocation potential of an invasive weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus) in Europe in metal-contaminated areas
Authors: Sipos Bianka , Bibi Dina , Magura Tibor , Tóthmérész Béla , Simon Edina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe demonstrated the metal accumulation potential of Amaranthus retorflexus, a European weed species, both in moderately and strongly metal-contaminated sites. Metal accumulation in roots, stems, and leaves were studied. We also calculated the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and translocation factor (TF) values to quantify the metal accumulation, and translocation between plant organs. Our findings indicated that metal accumulation correlated with metal concentration; that is plant organs accumulated higher concentration of metals in the contaminated area than in the control one. We found that the concentrations of Ba, Mn, Sr and Zn were the highest in leaves, and Al, Cr, Cu, Fe and Pb in roots. High BAF value was found for Sr in all studied areas, indicating this metal’s high accumulation potential of Amaranthus retorflexus. High TF values were found for Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr and Zn; these metals were successfully transported to aboveground plant organs. We demonstrated that A. retroflexus, a fast-growing, rapidly spreading weed in Europe, was especially useful for heavy metal phytoremediation and phytoextraction.
A hyper-optimisation method based on a physics-informed machine learning and point clouds for a flat plate solar collector
Authors: Han Jiawei , Mesgarpour Mehrdad , Asirvatham Lazarus Godson , Wongwises Somchai , Ahn Ho Seon , Mahian Omid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new way to hyper-optimise a flat plate solar collector using a combination of regenerated point clouds, constructal theory, and physics-informed machine learning (PIML). The behaviour of the flat plate solar collector is studied as solar radiation and ambient temperature change, using both precise numerical simulation and PIML. The novel hyper-optimisation method integrates these two approaches to improve the performance of the solar collector. In this method, the volume of fluid and solid structure of the flat plate solar collector (FPSC) is transformed into point clouds based on constructal theory. The point clouds are then regenerated into a continuous and uniform 3D geometry using optimised parameters. To put the modified version of the flat plate solar collector (FPSC) into practice, a computational method is used to generate a training data set for machine learning, specifically for neural networks. After thoroughly verifying the computational results, the PIM is trained using the generated training data set. This study marked the first time that a regular computational method is replaced with PIML output to reduce the computational cost of prediction. In the second layer of calculation, a deep neural network is used to make predictions based on the outputs generated by PIML. Seven independent parameters are used to predict heat transfer and efficiency over time, including time, heat flux, mass flow rate, inlet temperature, number of pairs and clusters, and volume fraction of nanofluid, while 16 hidden layers and 63 learnable neurons are engaged in this prediction layer. The geometry matrix is redefined by constructal theory principles in a series of iteration loops to generate the first flat plate solar collector based on constructal theory (CTFPSC). The results indicated that the hyper-optimisation method could reduce calculation costs by 18.31% compared with the regular computational method. In addition, the results reveal that maximum outlet temperatures are possible when Nc > 3 and Np> 5.
Torture and Metamorphosis in Exeter Book Riddle 261
Authors: Bria Jasmine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Exeter Book Riddles provide insight into how early English medieval people felt about their place in the non-human world by giving voice to many non-human creatures. Riddle 26 depicts the creation of a manuscript from the perspective of a sheep becoming a page. A close reading of the riddle reveals that the poem is divided into two nearly identical sections, which are built around the contrast between the fundamental and material elements of book-making and the cultural and religious utility of a manuscript.The riddle begins with the killing of the animal at the hands of an unknown foe and then follows the speaking subject through its forced metamorphosis. The employment of a first-person narrator establishes an empathetic bond between the animal speaking voice and the human audience. However, near the middle of the poem, the tone changes dramatically as the emphasis turns from animal materialism to human spirituality. The closing lines insist on the beauty of the craft, the cultural significance of the book and the spiritual advantages derived from it. As a result, the interaction between the two sections appears to call into question humanity’s position in the book-making process, while simultaneously highlighting the paradoxes in book creation and manuscript culture.
Prediction of 3D Velocity Field of Reticulated Foams Using Deep Learning for Transport Analysis
Authors: Ko Danny D. , Ji Hangjie , Ju Y. Sungtaek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractData-driven deep learning models are emerging as a new method to predict the flow and transport through porous media with very little computational power required. Previous deep learning models, however, experience difficulty or require additional computations to predict the 3D velocity field which is essential to characterize porous media at the pore scale. We design a deep learning model and incorporate a physics-informed loss function that enforces the mass conservation for incompressible flows to relate the spatial information of the 3D binary image to the 3D velocity field of porous media. We demonstrate that our model, trained only with synthetic porous media as binary data without additional image processing, can predict the 3D velocity field of real reticulated foams which have microstructures different from porous media that were studied in previous works. Our study provides deep learning framework for predicting the velocity field of porous media and conducting subsequent transport analysis for various engineering applications. As an example, we conduct heat transfer analysis using the predicted velocity fields and demonstrate the accuracy and advantage of our deep learning model.
Safety outcomes of direct oral anticoagulants in older adults with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of (subgroup analyses from) randomized controlled trials
Authors: Doni Katharina , Bühn Stefanie , Weise Alina , Mann Nina-Kristin , Hess Simone , Sönnichsen Andreas , Salem Susanna , Pieper Dawid , Thürmann Petra , Mathes Tim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Balancing stroke prevention and risk of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is challenging. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are by now considered standard of care for treating patients with AF in international guidelines. Our objective was to assess the safety of long-term intake of DOACs in older adults with AF. We included RCTs in elderly (≥ 65 years) patients with AF. A systematic search in MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed on 19 April 2022. For determination of risk of bias, the RoB 2 tool was applied. We pooled outcomes using random-effects meta-analyses. The quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Eleven RCTs with a total of 63,374 patients were identified. Two RCTs compared apixaban with either warfarin or aspirin, four edoxaban with either placebo, aspirin, or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), two dabigatran with warfarin and three rivaroxaban with warfarin. DOACs probably reduce mortality in elderly patients with AF (HR 0.89 95%CI 0.77 to 1.02). Low-dose DOACs likely reduce bleeding compared to VKAs (HR ranged from 0.47 to 1.01). For high-dose DOACS the risk of bleeding varied widely (HR ranged from 0.80 to 1.40). We found that low-dose DOACs probably decrease mortality in AF patients. Moreover, apixaban and probably edoxaban are associated with fewer major or clinically relevant bleeding (MCRB) events compared to VKAs. For dabigatran and rivaroxaban, the risk of MCRB varies depending on dose. Moreover, subgroup analyses indicate that in the very old (≥ 85) the risk for MCRB events might be increased when using DOACs.Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42020187876.
Online Moral Conformity: how powerful is a Group of Strangers when influencing an Individual’s Moral Judgments during a video meeting?
Authors: Paruzel-Czachura Mariola , Wojciechowska Dominika , Bostyn Dries 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeople make moral decisions every day. When making such decisions, they may be influenced by their companions (a so-called moral conformity effect). Increasingly, people make decisions in online environments, like video meetings. In the current preregistered experiment, we studied the moral conformity effect in an online context. We applied an Asch conformity paradigm by asking participants (N = 120) to reply to sacrificial moral dilemmas through the online video communication tool Zoom either when sitting in a “virtual” room with strangers (confederates instructed on how to answer; experimental condition) or when sitting alone (control condition). We found that people displayed a moral conformity effect on half the dilemmas included in our study as well as in the aggregate.
Genetic Approaches for Neural Circuits Dissection in Non-human Primates
Authors: Li Ling , Liu Zhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGenetic tools, which can be used for the morphology study of specific neurons, pathway-selective connectome mapping, neuronal activity monitoring, and manipulation with a spatiotemporal resolution, have been widely applied to the understanding of complex neural circuit formation, interactions, and functions in rodents. Recently, similar genetic approaches have been tried in non-human primates (NHPs) in neuroscience studies for dissecting the neural circuits involved in sophisticated behaviors and clinical brain disorders, although they are still very preliminary. In this review, we introduce the progress made in the development and application of genetic tools for brain studies on NHPs. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of each approach and provide a perspective for using genetic tools to study the neural circuits of NHPs.