bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria in Final Trimester of Pregnant Women According to Their Oral Health Status
Authors: Roestamadji Retno I. , Tedjosasongko Udijanto , Indrastie Nuraini , Diyatri Indeswati , Surboyo Meircurius D. C. , Sudarmo Subijanto M. , Santoso Budi , Takahashi Nobuhiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective Pregnant women are more at risk to suffer dental infection. Untreated dental infection during pregnancy can lead to more serious problems to mothers and their children, such as premature birth and low birth weight. This study aims to analyzed the relationship between oral hygiene status (OHI-S) and the expression of Porphyromonas gingivalis in third trimester pregnant women.
Materials and Methods This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design. Patients consisted of 37 final trimester pregnant women, divided into good OHI-S and fair OHI-S. The P. gingivalis expression was measured using real-time qPCR from the mucosal swab.
Results The P. gingivalis expression found no differences between good OHI-s and fair OHI-S (p = 0.557).
Conclusion Based on this study, although there was no significant difference in P. gingivalis expression in the final trimester based on their oral health status, oral health is considered important to be taken care of during pregnancy.
Mandibular Fossa Approach to Petroclival and Anterior Pontine Lesions
Authors: Rahmani Redi , Abramov Irakliy , Srinivasan Visish M. , Labib Mohamed A. , Houlihan Lena Mary , Catapano Joshua S. , Quinn Peter Q. , Lawton Michael T. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective To describe the anatomy related to a novel approach to the petroclival region through the mandibular fossa for the treatment of petroclival and anterior pontine lesions.
Design Five dry skulls were examined for surgical approach. Three adult cadaveric heads underwent bilateral dissection. One cadaveric head was evaluated with computed tomography after dissection.
Setting This study was performed in an academic medical center.
Participants Neurosurgical anatomy researchers performed this study using dry skulls and cadaveric heads.
Main Outcome Measurements This was a proof-of-concept anatomical study.
Results The mandibular fossa approach uses a vertical preauricular incision above the facial nerve branches. Removal of the temporomandibular joint exposes the mandibular fossa. The anterior boundary is the mandibular nerve at the foramen ovale, and the posterior boundary is the jugular foramen. The chorda tympani, eustachian tube, and tensor tympani muscle are sectioned. The carotid artery is transposed out of the petrous canal, and a petrosectomy is performed from Meckel's cave to the foramen magnum and anterior occipital condyle. Dural opening exposes the anterior pons, vertebrobasilar junction, bilateral vertebral arteries, and the ipsilateral anterior and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries. At completion, the temporomandibular joint is reconstructed with a prosthetic joint utilizing a second incision along the mandible.
Conclusions The mandibular fossa approach is a new trajectory to the petroclival region and the anterior pons. It combines the more anterior angle of endoscopic approaches along with the enhanced control of open approaches. Further study is necessary before this approach is used clinically.
Role of Dietary Flavonoids in Preventing COVID-19 Infection and Other Infectious Diseases: A Mini Review
Authors: Kumar Upasana , Zoha Roshan , Kodali Murali Venkata Rama Mohan , Smriti Komal , Patil Vathsala , Gadicherla Srikanth , Singh Anupam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFlavonoids are a large group of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds that are almost universally present in various plant parts such as fruits, berries, leaves, and tubers. These compounds are synthesized in plants in reaction to environmental stressors such as microbial infections. The antioxidant properties in these flavonoids provide us with numerous health benefits. They can be extracted from said natural sources via methods such as maceration and boiling all the way to advanced methods such as microwaves and ultrasounds.Numerous studies have been conducted to research the protective role that flavonoids can play in preventing infectious diseases in humans. The present modalities of treating such infectious diseases rely solely on chemotherapeutic agents and adjunctive therapies such as palliative and supportive care. These chemotherapeutic agents, primarily antibiotics, cause a degeneration of our immunity and an increased susceptibly to several other diseases. Thus, it is crucial that our methods in dealing with infections focus on prevention. This can be achieved by strengthening our immune system, which is the primary line of defense against such diseases. Flavonoids can help boost our immunity, fight infections, and decrease the incidence of antibiotic resistance.Hence, these natural compounds are being largely studied and used as nutraceuticals to supplement our daily diet and successfully reduce the occurrence of major infectious diseases in our body.
Sheep grazing
Authors: Wilmot Matt G. , Norman Hayley C. , Hendry Joshua , Young Paul , Hulm Elizabeth , Toovey Andrew , Speijers Jane , Harrison Robert 
Published: January 2023

Context An accession of the annual legume Trigonella balansae Boiss. & Reuter. has been selected for commercial release in Australia. Aims As part of a duty-of-care assessment, we tested the hypothesis that sheep grazing the trigonella accession will have liveweight, condition scores and wool production similar to those of sheep grazing two widely adopted annual legumes, subterranean clover (subclover, Trifolium subterraneum L. cv. Dalkeith) and French serradella (Ornithopus sativus Brot. cv. Erica). We also hypothesised that sheep grazing the three legumes will have similar meat quality and health, as indicated by blood plasma panel analysis. Methods Wethers (n = 6) grazed plots (n = 4) of three pasture species. Liveweight, condition scores and wool growth were measured, and a subset of animals were subject to blood sampling to assess health. Consumer sensory taste analysis was used to assess meat eating quality from two sheep per plot. Forage biomass, dry-matter digestibility, crude protein, fibre, mineral content and isoflavones were measured across the plant’s lifecycle. Key results There were no significant differences in liveweight, wool growth, wool yield or condition score that were associated with pasture species during the grazing period. There were differences in dry-matter digestibility, minerals and crude protein content of the pastures over time. As trigonella matured, it did not meet the minimum sulfur, phosphorus, manganese, molybdenum and copper requirements for mature sheep. We found some differences in indications of animal health; however, there were no significant systematic detrimental differences between sheep grazing trigonella and the other two species. In total, 2 of 24 individual sheep grazing trigonella had more than two plasma indicators of liver damage. There were no differences in meat tenderness, juiciness, flavour and overall consumer acceptability. Conclusions The data supported the hypotheses. Under the conditions of this experiment, the pasture legumes had the same relative feeding value. Some care must be taken in interpreting the outcome as the trigonellacomprised only 18% of the dry matter on offer at the termination of grazing. Implications Results of this study will be considered during the commercialisation process for T. balansae.
KIF1A is kinetically tuned to be a superengaging motor under hindering loads
Authors: Pyrpassopoulos Serapion , Gicking Allison M. , Zaniewski Taylor M. , Hancock William O. , Ostap E. Michael 
Published: January 2023

KIF1A is a highly processive vesicle transport motor in the kinesin-3 family. Mutations in KIF1A lead to neurodegenerative diseases including hereditary spastic paraplegia. We applied optical tweezers to study the ability of KIF1A to generate and sustain force against hindering loads. We used both the three-bead assay, where force is oriented parallel to the microtubule, and the traditional single-bead assay, where force is directed along the radius of the bead, resulting in a vertical force component. The average force and attachment duration of KIF1A in the three-bead assay were substantially greater than those observed in the single-bead assay. Thus, vertical forces accelerate termination of force ramps of KIF1A. Average KIF1A termination forces were slightly lower than the kinesin-1 KIF5B, and the median attachment duration of KIF1A was >10-fold shorter than KIF5B under hindering loads. KIF1A rapidly reengages with microtubules after detachment, as observed previously. Strikingly, quantification enabled by the three-bead assay shows that reengagement largely occurs within 2 ms of detachment, indicating that KIF1A has a nearly 10-fold faster reengagement rate than KIF5B. We found that rapid microtubule reengagement is not due to KIF1A’s positively charged loop-12; however, removal of charge from this loop diminished the unloaded run length at near physiological ionic strength. Both loop-12 and the microtubule nucleotide state have modulatory effects on reengagement under load, suggesting a role for the microtubule lattice in KIF1A reengagement. Our results reveal adaptations of KIF1A that lead to a model of superengaging transport under load.
Key comparison CCEM.RF-K27.W of RF power from 50 GHz to 75 GHz in rectangular waveguide
Authors: Cui Xiaohai , Yuan Wenze , Ding Sheng , Liu Xiaomeng , Liu Jinwen , Allal Djamel , Rühaak Jürgen , Kuhlmann Karsten , Tojima Yuya , Kinoshita Moto , Kwon Jae-Yong , Kang Tae-Weon , Perepelkin Vladimir A , Chirkov Igor P , Matveev Alexey I , Stokes Daniel , Hagerstrom Aaron M , Stelson Angela C , Jargon Jeffrey A , Gu Dazhen , Long Christian J , Ziadé François 
Published: January 2023

Main text
This report summarizes the results of the measurements performed as a CIPM Key Comparison (CCEM.RF-K27.W) on high frequency power in waveguide among eight National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) of Germany (PTB), UK (NPL), France (LNE), China (NIM), Russia (VINIIFTRI), USA (NIST), Korea (KRISS), Japan (NMIJ). The Pilot Laboratory (PL) is NIM. The comparison was performed between May 2019 and December 2021. In this comparison, the effective efficiency and calibration factor of two WR15 (R620) waveguide thermistor mounts (travelling standards) were measured in the frequency range 50 GHz to 75 GHz. In the final report the list of participants, measurement quantities, methods of measurement, and measured results are given. The repeatability of the travelling standards, the key comparison reference values (KCRVs) and the degree of equivalence (DoE) of participating institutions are discussed. The appendix also provides the measurement method, measurement results and uncertainty budget of each participant. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Stability and numerical analysis of backward problem for subdiffusion with time-dependent coefficients
Authors: Zhang Zhengqi , Zhou Zhi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Our aim is to study the backward problem, i.e. recover the initial data from the terminal observation, of the subdiffusion with time dependent coefficients. First of all, by using the smoothing property of solution operators and a perturbation argument of freezing the diffusion coefficients, we show a stability estimate in Sobolev spaces, under some smallness/largeness condition on the terminal time. Moreover, in case of noisy data, we apply a quasi-boundary value method to regularize the problem and then show the convergence of the regularization scheme. Finally, we propose a completely discrete scheme by applying the finite element method in space and backward Euler convolution quadrature in time. An a priori error estimate is established. The proof is heavily built on a perturbation argument dealing with time dependent coefficients and some nonstandard error estimates for the direct problem. The error estimate gives an useful guide for balancing discretization parameters, regularization parameter and noise level. Some numerical experiments are presented to illustrate our theoretical results.
Fabrication of an X-shaped micro-copper structure containing a merging joint based on localized electrochemical deposition
Authors: Wang Fuliang , Pan Chengpeng , Tian Qiang , Hua Bingli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLocal electrochemical deposition (LECD) has proved to be an efficient and economical method for fabricating three-dimensional micron structures. Realizing complex structures that join up when deposited using LECD has been complex; therefore, the fabrication of an X-shaped joining structure was investigated in this study. A horizontal trace model was proposed, and the effects of the number of deposition layers and the horizontal sweep width on the merging joint were studied. The horizontal trace model could complete the merging joint. Multiple deposition layers and a large horizontal sweep width could stabilize and better connect the X-shaped structure containing merging joints. The merging mechanism of the X-shaped structure was also investigated using COMSOL. The stable deposition of the joining structure enables the LECD method to have a broader range of applications in micro-nano manufacturing.
Induced flow inside a droplet by static electrical charge
Authors: Pradhan Tapan Kumar , Banuprasad Theneyur Narayanaswamy , Nandagopal M S Giri , Chakraborty Suman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introducing controlled fluid motion in a droplet turns out to be of outstanding scientific importance, hallmarked by a plethora of applications ranging from engineering to biology. While internal mechanisms such as interfacial tension or buoyancy-driven dynamics may trigger fascinating flow structures inside a droplet, controllability of the same without external forcing remains questionable. On the other hand, in an electrically forced environment, complex fabrication steps and special choices of the ionic liquid are often demanded. Circumventing these limits, here we bring out a new method of flow manipulation inside a sessile droplet by simply deploying a static charge produced by the triboelectric effect. This is physically actuated by charge transfer between the two lateral electrodes within which the droplet is entrained, triggering a strong ionized air current. The flow inside the droplet is generated due to the shear exerted at the interface by the charge-induced ionized airflow around the droplet, a paradigm that has hitherto remained unexplored. The strength of the fluid flow can be controlled by adjusting the supplied static charge. Such unique controllability without sacrificing the physical simplicity opens up new possibilities for flow manipulation in a multitude of applications ranging from droplet microreactors to digital microfluidics.
Insights on film growth conditions on a floating substrate during reactive Ar/O2 bipolar high power impulse magnetron sputter deposition
Authors: Michiels M , Britun N , Caillard A , Thomann A-L , Snyders R , Konstantinidis S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report several effects found in reactive bipolar high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (abbreviated as bipolar HiPIMS or BPH) discharges at the substrate level. The role of the negative peak current and the positive pulse voltage, U

+

, on the deposition flux at the electrically insulating substrate is discussed and the results are compared to conventional DC discharges. In particular, the normalized energy flux, ϕ

n
, delivered to the substrate is found higher under BPH conditions at U

+

= +300 V (

φ
n

=
3.43
×

10

15

eV·nm−3) as compared to the HiPIMS (

φ
n

=
0.78
×

10

15

eV·nm−3) and DCMS (

φ
n

=
1.23
×

10

15

eV·nm−3) regimes which is assumed to be provoked by an intensification of the positive ion bombardment. Accordingly, the mean energy and the count of positively charged metal and gaseous ions increase in line with U

+

as measured by energy-resolved mass spectrometry. Contrariwise, our analysis has shown a significant decrease (≈20 %) of negative oxygen ion count under BPH conditions.
Facets of reaction mechanism in 6Li+181Ta system
Authors: Kumar Rishabh , Prajapat Rinku , Maiti Moumita 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
More focused investigations are required to better understand the different modes of fusion phenomena in weakly bound projectiles. In order to comprehend the reaction mechanism of weakly bound projectiles, a new measurement of the evaporation residue cross sections from the 6Li-induced reaction on 181Ta in the 4.5–7.1 MeV/nucleon energy range has been reported in this article. The γ-ray spectrometry has been employed to identify the 183m,g
Os, 182Os, 183Re, and 183,182m2,180Ta residues produced in the reaction via different evaporation channels. The EMPIRE-3.2.2 code, which houses both the equilibrium and pre-equilibrium models in its framework, and PACE4 have been tasked to analyze the measured excitation functions. Out of the two, EMPIRE-3.2.2 demonstrates better agreement with the data. A systematic analysis of the measured data and theoretical background indicates that the complete and incomplete fusion of 6Li contribute to the residual cross sections. Thus, the strength of the partial fusion has been inferred. Further, the neutron transfer channels have been found to contribute significantly to the reaction dynamics; hence they are investigated using the coupled reaction channel calculations and discussed in detail. The isomeric cross section ratio obtained from the measured residual cross sections of the isomeric pair of 183Os highlights the significance of angular momentum and relative spins of the ground and isomeric states as a function of projectile incident energy.
Machine learning approach to study quantum phase transitions of a frustrated one dimensional spin-1/2 system
Authors: Rahaman Sk Saniur , Haldar Sumit , Kumar Manoranjan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Frustration-driven quantum fluctuation leads to many exotic phases in the ground state (GS) and the study of these quantum phase transitions is one of the most challenging areas of research in condensed matter physics. We study a frustrated Heisenberg

J
1

−

J
2

model of spin-1/2 chain with nearest exchange interaction J
1 and next nearest exchange interaction J
2 using the principal component analysis (PCA) which is an unsupervised machine learning technique. In this method most probable spin configurations (MPSCs) of GS and first excited state (FES) for different

J
2

/

J
1

are used as the input in PCA to construct the covariance matrix. The ‘quantified principal component’

p
1

(

J
2

/

J
1

)

of the largest eigenvalue of the covariance matrix is calculated and it is shown that the nature and variation of

p
1

(

J
2

/

J
1

)

can accurately predict the phase transitions and degeneracies in the GS. The

p
1

(

J
2

/

J
1

)

calculated from the MPSC of GS only exhibits the signature of degeneracies in the GS, whereas,

p
1

(

J
2

/

J
1

)

calculated from the MPSC of FES captures the gapless spin liquid (GSL)-dimer phase transition as well as all the degeneracies of the model system. We show that the jump in

p
1

(

J
2

/

J
1

)

of FES at

J
2

/

J
1

≈
0.241

, indicates the GSL-dimer phase transition, whereas its kinks give the signature of the GS degeneracies. The scatter plot of the first two principal components of FES shows distinct band formation for different phases. The MPSCs are obtained by using an iterative variational method (IVM) which gives the approximate eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Evidence of electron correlation and weak bulk plasmon in SrMoO3
Authors: Ali Asif , Reddy B H , Singh Ravi Shankar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigate the electronic structure of highly conducting perovskite SrMoO3 using valence band photoemission spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations. Large intensity corresponding to coherent feature close to Fermi level is captured by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. An additional satellite at ∼3 eV binding energy remains absent in DFT, hybrid functional (DFT-hybrid) and dynamical mean field theory (DFT + DMFT) calculations. Mo 4d spectra obtained with different surface sensitive photoemission spectroscopy suggest different surface and bulk electronic structures. DFT + DMFT spectral function is in excellent agreement with the coherent feature in the bulk Mo 4d spectra, revealing moderate electron correlation strength. A large plasmon satellite and signature of strong electron correlation are observed in the surface spectra, while the bulk spectra exhibits a weak plasmon satellite.
Radiation safety of current European practices of therapeutic nuclear medicine: survey results from 20 HERCA countries
Authors: Bly Ritva 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to acquire up-to-date information on nuclear medicine treatments in Europe and on the implementation of the requirements of the Basic Safety Standards Directive in HERCA Heads of the European Radiological Protection Competent Authorities (HERCAs) member states. An electronic survey was distributed to competent authorities of 32 HERCA member states. The questionnaire addressed 33 explicitly considered treatments using 13 different radionuclides, and for each treatment, a similar set of questions was included. Questions covered the use of treatments, hospitalisation of patients and radioactive waste management related to therapeutic nuclear medicine involving other radionuclides than the well-known 131I. The survey also covered justification of treatments, individual treatment planning, involvement of a medical physics expert (MPE) and radiation protection instructions given to the patient at the time of release. Responses were obtained from 20 HERCA countries. All of these countries used Na[131I]I for benign thyroid diseases and thyroid ablation of adults. 223RaCl2 (Xofigo®) for bone metastases, 177Lu-somatostatin analogues for neuroendocrine tumours and 177Lu-labelled PSMA for castration resistant prostate cancer (PC) and PC-metastases were used in 90%, 65% and 55% of countries, respectively. Only a few countries had specific criteria for hospitalisation and waste management for new therapeutic nuclear medicine. Regulatory requirements for justification of new therapeutic nuclear medicine were in place in almost all countries. Individual treatment planning was required for all therapies in 55% and for some therapies in 28% of the responding countries. Implementation of the requirement for MPEs to be closely involved in nuclear medicine practices varied to a great extend among countries. Almost all responding countries answered that some radiation protection instructions existed for patients released after treatment with radionuclides other than 131I treatment, however only few countries had developed specific guidelines in the field.