bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MME+ fibro-adipogenic progenitors are the dominant adipogenic population during fatty infiltration in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Fitzgerald Gillian , Turiel Guillermo , Gorski Tatiane , Soro-Arnaiz Inés , Zhang Jing , Casartelli Nicola C. , Masschelein Evi , Maffiuletti Nicola A. , Sutter Reto , Leunig Michael , Farup Jean , De Bock Katrien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFatty infiltration, the ectopic deposition of adipose tissue within skeletal muscle, is mediated via the adipogenic differentiation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). We used single-nuclei and single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize FAP heterogeneity in patients with fatty infiltration. We identified an MME+FAP subpopulation which, based on ex vivo characterization as well as transplantation experiments, exhibits high adipogenic potential. MME+FAPs are characterized by low activity of WNT, known to control adipogenic commitment, and are refractory to the inhibitory role of WNT activators. Using preclinical models for muscle damage versus fatty infiltration, we show that many MME+FAPs undergo apoptosis during muscle regeneration and differentiate into adipocytes under pathological conditions, leading to a reduction in their abundance. Finally, we utilized the varying fat infiltration levels in human hip muscles and found less MME+FAPs in fatty infiltrated human muscle. Altogether, we have identified the dominant adipogenic FAP subpopulation in skeletal muscle.
The tendency of anemia of inflammation in periodontal diseases
Authors: Han Ye , Luo Zhiqiang , Yue Zhao Guo , Miao Li Li , Xv Min , Chang Shu , Zhan Yalin , Hou Jianxia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Anemia of inflammation (AI) is associated with inflammatory diseases, and inflammation-induced iron metabolism disorder is the major pathogenic factor. Earlier studies have reported a tendency of AI in periodontitis patients, but the explicit relationship and possible pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the analyses of both periodontitis patients and a mouse model of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis showed that periodontitis was associated with lower levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit with evidence of systemic inflammation (increased white blood cell levels) and evidence of iron restriction (low serum iron along with a high serum hepcidin and ferritin levels), in accordance with the current diagnosis criteria for AI. Moreover, periodontal therapy improved the anemia status and iron metabolism disorders. Furthermore, the increased level of hepcidin and significant correlation between hepcidin and key indicators of iron metabolism emphasized the pivotal role of hepcidin in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-related AI. Administration of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitors Stattic suggested that the IL-6–STAT3–hepcidin signaling pathway participated in this regulatory process. Together, these findings demonstrated that periodontitis should be considered an inflammatory disease that contributes to the development of AI; furthermore, IL-6–STAT3–hepcidin signaling pathway plays a key regulatory role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-related AI. Our study will provide new insights into the systemic effects of periodontitis, while meaningfully expanding the spectrum of inflammatory diseases that contribute to AI.
Verification of Estimated Output Signal-to-Noise Ratios From a Phase Inversion Technique Using a Simulated Hearing Aid
Authors: Yun Donghyeon , Shen Yi , Lentz Jennifer J. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for speech presented in background noise may vary after being processed by digital hearing aids with nonlinear signal processing algorithms, such as wide dynamic range compression (WDRC). A phase inversion technique has been previously developed to assess the output SNR of hearing aids. However, systematic validations of this technique have not been conducted. This study aims to validate the phase inversion technique.

Method:
A simulated hearing aid with multichannel WDRC was implemented, from which the output SNRs, computed via shadow filtering, for connected speech in background noise were directly computed. The agreement between the shadow filter output SNRs and those estimated using the phase inversion technique for the same stimuli was utilized to validate the phase inversion technique. The background noise was 2- or 20-talker babble noise, and the speech stimuli were presented at SNRs of −10 to +10 dB at the input of the simulated hearing aid. The simulated hearing aid was configured to provide amplification for four representative audiograms, and the WDRC was set to be fast or slow acting. To investigate the effects of additive noise, independent of the presented noise stimulus, on the phase inversion estimated output SNR, the same simulated hearing aid was implemented with an additive Gaussian noise at its input (45 and 60 dB SPL).

Results:
Results showed that the phase inversion technique could either overestimate or underestimate output SNR, depending on the test condition; the estimation errors tended to coincide with temporal landmarks, such as natural pauses between consecutive sentences or fricatives; and increasing the simulated noise led to poorer estimates of output SNR.

Conclusions:
Results imply that the accuracy of the phase inversion technique is dependent on the test conditions. Thus, the phase inversion technique should be used with caution, and its validity should be evaluated further.
Extrapolation over temporal knowledge graph via hyperbolic embedding
Authors: Jia Yan , Lin Mengqi , Wang Ye , Li Jianming , Chen Kai , Siebert Joanna , Zhang Geordie Z. , Liao Qing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPredicting potential facts in the future, Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) extrapolation remains challenging because of the deep dependence between the temporal association and semantic patterns of facts. Intuitively, facts (events) that happened at different timestamps have different influences on future events, which can be attributed to a hierarchy among not only facts but also relevant entities. Therefore, it is crucial to pay more attention to important entities and events when forecasting the future. However, most existing methods focus on reasoning over temporally evolving facts or mining evolutional patterns from known facts, which may be affected by the diversity and variability of the evolution, and they might fail to attach importance to facts that matter. Hyperbolic geometry was proved to be effective in capturing hierarchical patterns among data, which is considered to be a solution for modelling hierarchical relations among facts. To this end, we propose ReTIN, a novel model integrating real‐time influence of historical facts for TKG reasoning based on hyperbolic geometry, which provides low‐dimensional embeddings to capture latent hierarchical structures and other rich semantic patterns of the existing TKG. Considering both real‐time and global features of TKG boosts the adaptation of ReTIN to the ever‐changing dynamics and inherent constraints. Extensive experiments on benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of ReTIN over various baselines. The ablation study further supports the value of exploiting temporal information.
Reconfigurable intelligent surface enhanced MISO‐OFDM anti‐jamming communications: Joint active and passive precoding design
Authors: Ren Zhangbo , Huang Kaizhi , Jiang Wenyu , Ma Keming , Yang Jie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) fundamentally changes the existing anti‐jamming paradigm by reconstructing the wireless propagation environment. However, the existing RIS‐based anti‐jamming work mainly considers narrow‐band frequency‐flat fading channels. As an extension of existing work, the use of RIS to enhance the anti‐jamming capability of broadband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system in frequency‐selective fading channels is first studied. In the multipath frequency‐selective fading channels, the anti‐jamming design needs to satisfy the channel gains of all signal paths with different delays. To this end, the authors propose a joint design scheme of active precoding at the transmitter and passive precoding at the RIS to attenuate the jamming signal and enhance the legitimate signal, and formulate the joint design objective to maximize the average rate of all subcarriers. An alternating optimization algorithm is developed to address this non‐convex problem due to the complex coupling of active and passive precoding. In detail, the active and passive precoding are solved by the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality and power water‐filling method and the alternating direction method of multipliers method assisted by multidimensional complex quadratic transform, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly improve the anti‐jamming communication performance of the OFDM system compared with the scheme without RIS. In addition, the impact of the number of RIS elements and deployment location on system performance is revealed.
Backhaul in 5G systems for developing countries: A literature review
Authors: Sawad Inas , Nilavalan Rajagopal , Al‐Raweshidy Hamed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe fifth‐generation (5G) technology is seen to be a solution for developing countries to improve their quality of services in terms of transportation, education, health, agriculture, and other fields, thereby holding the promises of economic transformation by improving productivity and the quality of life. The paper considers some of the challenges that face operators, investors, and providers when planning to introduce 5G technology to developing countries. The main focus of this paper is the 5G transport network, in particular, the backhaul network. The 5G transport network architectural options and scenarios are discussed based on several standards and previous studies, the problems of existing infrastructures of developing countries are investigated, and new proposed technologies that may help to address those challenges are considered.
3D layout estimation of general rooms based on ordinal semantic segmentation
Authors: Yao Hui , Miao Jun , Zhang Guoxiang , Chu Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRoom layout estimation aims to predict the location and range of layout planes of interior spaces. Previous works treat each layout plane as an independent individual without considering the ordinal relation between walls, resulting the loss of the wall planes and the lack of integrity. This paper proposes a novel two‐branch neural networks model to estimate 3D layouts of cuboid and non‐cuboid room types. The model embeds the ordinal relation between layout planes into the layout segmentation branch through an proposed ordinal classification loss function, and outputs both pixel‐level layout segmentation maps and layout plane parameter maps. Then, the instance‐level plane parameters of each layout plane are determined by using an instance‐aware pooling layer. Finally, the sharpness of layout edges of the 2D layout semantic segmentation map is optimized by using an improved depth map intersection algorithm. Furthermore, we annotate a large‐scale 3D room layout estimation dataset, InteriorNet‐Layout, to obtain a steady model. Experiments on synthesized real‐world datasets show that the proposed method achieves faster calculation while maintaining high accuracy. Code is available at https://github.com/Hui‐Yao/3D‐ordinal‐layout‐estimation.
Temperature‐dependent adaptive conductivity coating for surface charge release and electric field control under electro‐thermal coupling field
Authors: Xue Jianyi , Zhang Zhu , Li Binbin , Zhao Yushun , Ding Lijian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSurface charge accumulation is the potential criminal for surface insulation failure on spacers under direct current (DC) voltages. The existence of thermal gradient posing the difficulty of surface charge regulation. This study proposes a temperature‐dependent adaptive conductivity coating technique for surppressing surface charge accumulation under electro‐thermal coupling field. A two‐dimensional axis‐symmetrical simulation model regrading surface charge computation is established. The effects of thermal gradients and coating conductivity on surface charge and electric field distribution are investigated. The results show that the thermal gradient increases the bulk conductive current, therefore aggravating surface charge accumulation. The effects of the coating condcutivity on surface charge and electric field contains three stages. The lower coating conductivity leads to aggravated homo‐polarity charge accumulation. By increasing the coating conductivity, the surface charge and electric field are significantly suppressed at the obtained optimal conductivity, where the bulk and surface conductive current reach a balance stage. Continuously increasing the coating conductivity results in aggravated hetero‐polarity charges. Besides, the increase of thermal gradient to an appropriate extent contributes to the further suppression of surface charge on coated spacers. It is hoped that this study could provide some references for designing highly reliable DC GIL under electro‐thermal coupling field.
Ultra‐thin electromagnetic bandgap backed fractal geometry‐based antenna for 24 GHz ISM band WBAN
Authors: Ali Mubasher , Ullah Irfan , Batchelor John C. , Gomes Nathan J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA compact, ultra‐thin electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) backed antenna is presented for the 24 GHz ISM band for WBAN applications. The proposed antenna has Koch fractal geometry‐based bow‐tie slots, designed with an overall dimension of 0.91 × 0.84 × 0.01 and backed by a 5 × 5 element 0.01 thick EBG structure; it is fabricated on a flexible Rogers 5880 substrate (thickness = 0.127 mm and dielectric constant = 2.2, tanδ = 0.0009). In comparison to the previously published K band prototype antennas, our presented fractal antenna has a more compact and ultra‐thin form factor. The low profile, via‐less EBG unit cell structure with dimensions of 0.254 × 0.254, possesses both Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) and EBG characteristics. It is straightforward to fabricate at a millimeter‐scale. The performance parameters of the design are investigated in terms of on‐body reflection coefficient and free‐space radiation patterns with and without structural bending. The EBG structure enhances the antenna's front‐lobe gain by 2.3 dB, decreases back‐lobe radiation by 12.6 dB and decreases the specific absorption rate (SAR [1 g]) from >50.9 W/kg to <6.14 W/kg, significantly reducing the potential harm to the human body. Experimental investigations revealed high insensitivity of the proposed antenna to body proximity, and the performance is preserved with structural deformation.
Analytical evaluation of single‐input dual‐output based integrated luo‐buck converter for BLDC motor
Authors: Chandran Praveenkumar , Mylsamy Kaliamoorthy , Umapathy Prabha S 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA single‐input dual‐output (SIDO) converter is proposed in the research article for usage in electric vehicle (EV) applications. The main objectives of the proposed integrated Luo‐Buck converter (ILBC) based BLDC drive system are to develop a multi‐purpose converter with low complexity and high efficiency, as well as to reach the rated speed of BLDC‐based vehicles. The multi‐output converter is generally employed in EV applications because of the primary load and extra auxiliary loads like sensors, power steering, headlights, and so on. The proposed system achieves both of the aforementioned objectives. As there are just two switches, fewer gate driver circuits are required, which indirectly lowers the complexity of the circuit. Since they do not require large duty cycles, ILBC switches experience less voltage and current stress. The switches can only be used at duty cycles of 60% and 30%. For design purposes, output filter capacitor sizes are likewise maintained to a minimum. The 1.2 kW BLDC is powered by the ILBC, which has a maximum efficiency of 96.16%, in order to validate the suggested system using the hardware prototype model. The rated speed can be attained with the least amount of timing. Additionally, the suggested approach lessens voltage and torque ripple.
Generation of a synthetic aperture radar deception jamming signal based on a deep echo inversion network
Authors: Xiao Yihan , Dai Liang , Yu Xiangzhen , Zhou Yinghui , Zhao Zhongkai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExisting methods for generating synthetic aperture radar (SAR) deception jamming signals have slow speed, low imaging quality, and insufficient intelligence in complex electromagnetic environments. This paper proposes a deep learning‐based SAR deception jamming signal generation method based on deep echo inversion Unet (DEIUnet). This method has high speed and provides high‐image quality of the interference signal. A Swin Next (SN) block is proposed to combine local and non‐local information in the image and echo data. The Unet structure consists of SN blocks, and a residual connection is used as the jump connection to fuse the multi‐scale feature information from the echo and image data. PixelShuffle is utilised for up‐sampling to generate high‐quality echo data. The experimental results on MSTAR and Sentinel‐1 data sets verify the effectiveness and superiority of DEIUnet for echo inversion. The imaging results of the SAR deception jamming signal generated by DEIUnet on an MSTAR scene confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Forecast of area‐scale behaviours of behind‐the‐metre solar power and load based on smart‐metering net demand data
Authors: Miyasawa Ayumu , Akira Shogo , Fujimoto Yu , Hayashi Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLocal energy self‐sufficiency, in which the supply and demand of electricity are controlled such that the generated power from distributed energy resources (DERs) is consumed locally based on a power supply‐and‐demand forecast, mitigates the burden on the power system and contributes to the efficient use of DERs in smart cities. However, widely available smart metres cannot measure behind‐the‐metre pure demand and generation from prosumers. Pure demand and generation forecasts without additional metering contribute to advanced supply‐and‐demand control in smart cities, including demand response. This study proposes a method of forecasting spatio‐temporal behaviours of behind‐the‐metre pure demand and generation by focussing on the information of net demand distribution observable from the smart metres; the proposed method initially predicts the spatio‐temporal net demand distribution with a combined forecaster based on the persistence and non‐parametric regression models, and then separately estimates the behind‐the‐metre pure demand and generation by using demand forecast result of neighbouring pure‐consumers extracted by considering the area‐scale behaviours of the smart metering data. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method provides accuracy comparable to forecasts conducted by directly measuring pure demand and generation, without requiring the installation of additional metres.
An only metal, compact, and circular polarizer designed with helical array rods
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Jalil 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a simple method to realize a circular polarizer by inserting rods arranged helically in a cylindrical waveguide. In the proposed polarizer, the rods are installed to excite the electric fields perpendicular to the input field. In addition, the rod locations create a 90° phase difference between two perpendicular axes to convert the polarization from linear to circular. In the proposed structure, the axial ratio is smaller than 0.4 dB, and the phase difference is approximately 90° at a frequency of 10 GHz. In addition, the reflection coefficients are better than −14 dB for both the and polarizations at the same frequency. Additionally, this structure is very compact compared to similar systems. Furthermore, this is made only of metal. Therefore, there is no dielectric loss. The validation results are in good agreement with the simulation.
Kinematic differences between multiple populations in Galactic globular clusters
Authors: Martens Sven , Kamann Sebastian , Dreizler Stefan , Göttgens Fabian , Husser Tim-Oliver , Latour Marilyn , Balakina Elena , Krajnović Davor , Pechetti Renuka , Weilbacher Peter M. 
Published: January 2023

Aims. The formation process of multiple populations in globular clusters is still up for debate. These populations are characterized by different light-element abundances. Kinematic differences between the populations are particularly interesting in this respect because they allow us to distinguish between single-epoch formation scenarios and multi-epoch formation scenarios. We derive rotation and dispersion profiles for 25 globular clusters and aimed to find kinematic differences between multiple populations to constrain their formation process.
Methods. We split red-giant-branch (RGB) stars in each cluster into three populations (P1, P2, and P3) for the type-II clusters and two populations (P1 and P2) otherwise using Hubble photometry. We derived the global rotation and dispersion profiles for each cluster by using all stars with radial velocity measurements obtained from MUSE spectroscopy. We also derived these profiles for the individual populations of each cluster. Based on the rotation and dispersion profiles, we calculated the rotation strength in terms of ordered-over-random motion, (v/σ)HL, evaluated at the half-light radius of the cluster. We then consistently analyzed all clusters for differences in the rotation strength of their populations.
Results. We detect rotation in all but four clusters. For NGC 104, NGC 1851, NGC 2808, NGC 5286, NGC 5904, NGC 6093, NGC 6388, NGC 6541, NGC 7078, and NGC 7089, we also detect rotation for P1 and/or P2 stars. For NGC 2808, NGC 6093, and NGC 7078 we find differences in (v/σ)HL between P1 and P2 that are larger than 1σ. Whereas we find that P2 rotates faster than P1 for NGC 6093 and NGC 7078, the opposite is true for NGC 2808. However, even for these three clusters the differences are still of low significance. We find that the rotation strength of a cluster generally scales with its median relaxation time. For P1 and P2 the corresponding relation is very weak at best. We observe no correlation between the difference in rotation strength between P1 and P2 and the cluster relaxation time. The stellar radial velocities derived from MUSE data that this analysis is based on are made publicly available.