bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial inclusion and poverty: evidence from developing economies
Authors: Nyarko Eunice Stella , Amoateng Kofi , Aboagye Anthony Qabitoo Quame 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis paper examines the impact of financial inclusion on poverty through access to mobile money in developing economies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the principal component analysis to construct an index of financial inclusion using demand and supply indicators, including mobile accounts. The authors use the two-step system GMM estimator for the analysis because of its efficiency and robustness in addressing heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation.FindingsThe main finding is that financial inclusion generally increased and significantly reduces poverty in the sample period. Furthermore, income inequality worsens poverty.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has few limitations. First, the empirical analysis of the study is restricted to macroeconomic factors only because of limited Household Finance Survey data set and time availability. Second, the study is limited to developing countries and the results cannot be generalized.Practical implicationsFinancial inclusion is a significant policy tool for poverty reduction. There is the need to enhance strategies that further improve financial inclusion by expanding and improving the use of mobile money accounts.Social implicationsThe paper sheds light on how developing countries can harness financial inclusion to reduce poverty.Originality/valueThe paper differs from the previous studies in two ways. Firstly, mobile money account is included in the computation of financial inclusion index over the sample period. It also determines the impact of financial inclusion on poverty for short-run and long-run periods.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-11-2021-0690
A rare case of signet ring cell carcinoma with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: A case report
Authors: Sano Yuriko , Yoshida Kosuke , Hibi Erina , Sekiya Atsushi , Watanabe Yuriko , Shibata Daijiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSystemic sclerosis, an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy of the skin and other multiple organs has been associated with an increased risk of malignancy. We present the case of a 74‐year‐old woman who had diffused cutaneous systemic sclerosis and uterine cervical cancer. The patient was initially diagnosed with stage IIB squamous cell carcinoma and concurrent chemoradiotherapy was planned. However, cisplatin could not be administered due to acute renal failure, so the patient was treated solely with radiotherapy. However, complications of systemic sclerosis progressed rapidly, and the patient died 63 days later from pulmonary edema. An autopsy later revealed that uterine cervix had primary signet ring cell carcinoma. We suspected that this patient had a combination of signet ring cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with squamous cell carcinoma disappearing after radiotherapy. This case highlighted the importance of systemic management for cancers associated with systemic sclerosis.
Modeling the Surface Pressure Spectrum on Rough Walls in Pressure Gradients
Authors: Fritsch Daniel J. , Vishwanathan Vidya , Roy Christopher J. , Todd Lowe K. , Devenport William J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Models for surface pressure spectra beneath rough wall boundary layers are assessed, with particular emphasis on prediction from steady, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) data. RANS roughness boundary conditions are shown to have qualitatively good trends between roughness function and roughness Reynolds number, but model-to-model discrepancies remain and the universality of an equivalent sandgrain roughness height for turbulence models is doubtful. Existing empirical models for the surface pressure spectrum show good agreement in some spectral regions and a newly proposed model shows good matching across the spectrum in a variety of pressure gradient conditions. Adjustments are made to existing TNO analytical models to incorporate rough wall effects, including changes to the velocity spectrum model and the inclusion of a wall-shift, shown to be independent of local Reynolds number, pressure gradient, or turbulence model. The mathematical character of the rough wall spectrum has been revealed, but challenges remain to implement both flow and spectral modeling without a priori knowledge of the flow.
Boundary Control Design of Three-Dimensional Vibrating Marine Riser System With Barrier Term
Authors: Wan Min , Zhou Li , Yin Yanxia , Wang Guorong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a boundary control with barrier term is proposed for a typical three-dimensional flexible riser system by integrating backstepping technique with barrier Lyapunov functions. The proposed boundary control does not depend on the exact value of interference and can effectively restrain the vibration of the riser and constrain the angle between the riser and the platform. The proposed control has a small amount of calculation and strong robustness, and can effectively restrain the riser vibration when the environmental disturbance changes. In addition, based on the proposed boundary control method, the stability of the closed-loop system in space and time is proved by Lyapunov stability theorem when the initial conditions are satisfied. Numerical simulation shows the effectiveness and superiority of the controller.
Data Fusion and Pattern Classification in Dynamical Systems Via Symbolic Time Series Analysis
Authors: Chen Xiangyi , Ray Asok 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Symbolic time series analysis (STSA) plays an important role in the investigation of continuously evolving dynamical systems, where the capability to interpret the joint effects of multiple sensor signals is essential for adequate representation of the embedded knowledge. This technical brief develops and validates, by simulation, an STSA-based algorithm to make timely decisions on dynamical systems for information fusion and pattern classification from ensembles of multisensor time series data. In this context, one of the most commonly used methods has been neural networks (NN) in their various configurations; however, these NN-based methods may require large-volume data and prolonged computational time for training. An alternative feasible method is the STSA-based probabilistic finite state automata (PFSA), which has been shown in recent literature to require significantly less training data and to be much faster than NN for training and, to some extent, for testing. This technical brief reports a modification of the current PFSA methods to accommodate (possibly heterogeneous and not necessarily tightly synchronized) multisensor data fusion and (supervised learning-based) pattern classification in real-time. Efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated by fusion of time series of position and velocity sensor data, generated from a simulation model of the forced Duffing equation.
Mental Health Aspects Among Estonian Coaches: The Relationship of Resilience and Social Support With Emotional State, Perceived Stress
Authors: Kiens Kristel , Kask Kristjan , Jõgi Anna-Liisa 
Published: June 2023

While the topic of mental health has received growing attention among athletes, coaches’ mental health has not been addressed enough. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the roles that individual (i.e., age, gender, level of qualification, and resilience) and environmental characteristics (i.e., social support) play in aspects of mental illness and mental health among Estonian coaches. A web-based survey was conducted among Estonian coaches which resulted in 182 participants (95 females). The holistic survey included information about the study, a set of demographic questions, and self-reported scales about aspects of mental illnesses and mental health and possible protective factors (i.e., resilience and social support). Results showed that lower resilience predicted higher Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Emotional State Questionnaire-2 (EST-Q2) subscale Depression and Anxiety scores. Resilience and social support were positively correlated. Age was negatively associated with PSS, and EST-Q2 subscale Depression and Anxiety scores. Females’ scores were higher than males’ in PSS and EST-Q2 Anxiety subscale. Path analysis confirmed that the best predictor for PSS and EST-Q2 Depression and Anxiety subscale scores was resilience. Based on the findings, practical recommendations are provided on how to better support coaches.
Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children: Validity and Cut-Points to Identify Sufficient Levels of Moderate- to Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed With HIV
Authors: de Castro João Antônio Chula , de Lima Luiz Rodrigo Augustemak , Larouche Richard , Tremblay Mark S. , Silva Diego Augusto Santos 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To investigate the validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess the moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) level of children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and propose cut-points, with accelerometer measures as the reference method. Method: Children and adolescents, aged 8–14 years (mean age = 12.21 y, SD = 2.09), diagnosed with HIV by vertical transmission, participated in the study. MVPA was investigated through the PAQ-C and triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+). Receiver operating characteristic curve and sensitivity and specificity values were used to identify a cut-point for PAQ-C to distinguish participants meeting MVPA guidelines. Results: Fifty-six children and adolescents participated in the study. Among those, 16 met MVPA guidelines. The PAQ-C score was significantly related to accelerometry-derived MVPA (ρ = .506, P < .001). The PAQ-C score cut-point of 2.151 (sensitivity = 0.625, specificity = 0.875) was able to discriminate between those who met MVPA guidelines and those that did not (area under the curve = 0.751, 95% confidence interval, 0.616–0.886). Conclusion: The PAQ-C was useful to investigate MVPA among children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and to identify those who meet MVPA guidelines.
Metabolically distinct roles of NAD synthetase and NAD kinase define the essentiality of NAD and NADP in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Sharma Ritu , Hartman Travis E. , Beites Tiago , Kim Jee-Hyun , Eoh Hyungjin , Engelhart Curtis A. , Zhu Linnan , Wilson Daniel J. , Aldrich Courtney C. , Ehrt Sabine , Rhee Kyu Young , Schnappinger Dirk 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphorylated derivative (NADP) are essential cofactors that participate in hundreds of biochemical reactions and have emerged as therapeutic targets in cancer, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and infections, including tuberculosis. The biological basis for the essentiality of NAD(P) in most settings, however, remains experimentally unexplained. Here, we report that inactivation of the terminal enzyme of NAD synthesis, NAD synthetase (NadE), elicits markedly different metabolic and microbiologic effects than those of the terminal enzyme of NADP biosynthesis, NAD kinase (PpnK), in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(
Mtb
). Inactivation of NadE led to parallel reductions of both NAD and NADP pools and
Mtb
viability, while inactivation of PpnK selectively depleted NADP pools but only arrested growth. Inactivation of each enzyme was accompanied by metabolic changes that were specific for the affected enzyme and associated microbiological phenotype. Bacteriostatic levels of NAD depletion caused a compensatory remodeling of NAD-dependent metabolic pathways in the absence of an impact on NADH/NAD ratios, while bactericidal levels of NAD depletion resulted in a disruption of NADH/NAD ratios and inhibition of oxygen respiration. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized physiologic specificity associated with the essentiality of two evolutionarily ubiquitous cofactors.

IMPORTANCE

The current course for cure of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(
Mtb
)—the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB)—infections is lengthy and requires multiple antibiotics. The development of shorter, simpler treatment regimens is, therefore, critical to the goal of eradicating TB. NadE, an enzyme required for the synthesis of the ubiquitous cofactor NAD, is essential for survival of
Mtb
and regarded as a promising drug target. However, the basis of this essentiality was not clear due to its role in the synthesis of both NAD and NADP. Here, we resolve this ambiguity through a combination of gene silencing and metabolomics. We specifically show that NADP deficiency is bacteriostatic, while NAD deficiency is bactericidal due to its role in
Mtb
’s respiratory capacity. These results argue for a prioritization of NAD biosynthesis inhibitors in anti-TB drug development.
Optimizing metaproteomics database construction: lessons from a study of the vaginal microbiome
Authors: Lee Elliot M. , Srinivasan Sujatha , Purvine Samuel O. , Fiedler Tina L. , Leiser Owen P. , Proll Sean C. , Minot Samuel S. , Deatherage Kaiser Brooke L. , Fredricks David N. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Metaproteomics, a method for untargeted, high-throughput identification of proteins in complex samples, provides functional information about microbial communities and can tie functions to specific taxa. Metaproteomics often generates less data than other omics techniques, but analytical workflows can be improved to increase usable data in metaproteomic outputs. Identification of peptides in the metaproteomic analysis is performed by comparing mass spectra of sample peptides to a reference database of protein sequences. Although these protein databases are an integral part of the metaproteomic analysis, few studies have explored how database composition impacts peptide identification. Here, we used cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples from a study of bacterial vaginosis (BV) to compare the performance of databases built using six different strategies. We evaluated broad versus sample-matched databases, as well as databases populated with proteins translated from metagenomic sequencing of the same samples versus sequences from public repositories. Smaller sample-matched databases performed significantly better, driven by the statistical constraints on large databases. Additionally, large databases attributed up to 34% of significant bacterial hits to taxa absent from the sample, as determined orthogonally by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We also tested a set of hybrid databases which included bacterial proteins from NCBI RefSeq and translated bacterial genes from the samples. These hybrid databases had the best overall performance, identifying 1,068 unique human and 1,418 unique bacterial proteins, ~30% more than a database populated with proteins from typical vaginal bacteria and fungi. Our findings can help guide the optimal identification of proteins while maintaining statistical power for reaching biological conclusions.

IMPORTANCE
Metaproteomic analysis can provide valuable insights into the functions of microbial and cellular communities by identifying a broad, untargeted set of proteins. The databases used in the analysis of metaproteomic data influence results by defining what proteins can be identified. Moreover, the size of the database impacts the number of identifications after accounting for false discovery rates (FDRs). Few studies have tested the performance of different strategies for building a protein database to identify proteins from metaproteomic data and those that have largely focused on highly diverse microbial communities. We tested a range of databases on CVL samples and found that a hybrid sample-matched approach, using publicly available proteins from organisms present in the samples, as well as proteins translated from metagenomic sequencing of the samples, had the best performance. However, our results also suggest that public sequence databases will continue to improve as more bacterial genomes are published.
The permeability of loose magma mush
Authors: Bretagne Eloïse , Wadsworth Fabian B. , Vasseur Jérémie , Humphreys Madeleine C.S. , Dingwell Donald B. , Dobson Katherine J. , Mangler Martin F. , Rooyakkers Shane M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Models for the evolution of magma mush zones are of fundamental importance for understanding magma storage, differentiation in the crust, and melt extraction processes that prime eruptions. These models require calculations of the permeability of the evolving crystal frameworks in the mush, which influences the rate of melt movement relative to crystals. Existing approaches for estimating the crystal framework permeability do not account for crystal shape. Here, we represent magma mush crystal frameworks as packs of hard cuboids with a range of aspect ratios, all at their maximum random packing. We use numerical fluid flow simulation tools to determine the melt fraction, specific surface area, and permeability of our three-dimensional digital samples. We find that crystal shape exerts a first-order control both on the melt fraction at maximum packing and on the permeability. We use these new data to generalize a Kozeny-Carman model in order to propose a simple constitutive law for the scaling between permeability and melt fraction that accounts for crystal shape in upscaled mush dynamics simulations. Our results show that magma mush permeability calculated using a model that accounts for crystal shape is significantly different compared with models that make a spherical crystal approximation, with key implications for crustal melt segregation flux and reactive flow.
Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome, ovarian teratoma and anti-NMDAR antibody: an ‘unresolved’ mystery
Authors: Miraclin Angel T , Mani Arun Mathai , Sivadasan Ajith , Nair Aditya , Christina Munagapati , Gojer Abigail Ruth , Milton Sharon , Jude Prakash John A , Benjamin Rohit N , Prabhakar Appaswamy Thirumal , Mathew Vivek , Aaron Sanjith 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundOpsoclonus–myoclonus–ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is characterised by the combination of opsoclonus and arrhythmic action myoclonus with axial ataxia and dysarthria. In adults, a majority are paraneoplastic secondary to solid organ tumours and could harbour antibodies against intracellular epitopes; however, certain proportions have detectable antibodies to various neuronal cell surface antigens. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDAR) antibodies and ovarian teratomas have been implicated in OMAS.MethodsReport of two cases and review of literature.ResultsTwo middle-aged women presented with subacute-onset, rapidly progressive OMAS and behavioural changes consistent with psychosis. The first patient had detectable antibodies to NMDAR in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alone. Evaluation for ovarian teratoma was negative. The second patient had no detectable antibodies in serum or CSF; however, she had an underlying ovarian teratoma. Patient A was treated with pulse steroids, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) followed by bortezomib (BOR) and dexamethasone, while patient B was treated with steroids, TPE followed by surgical resection of ovarian teratoma. Both patients had favourable outcomes and were asymptomatic at the 6 monthly follow-up.ConclusionsWith coexistent neuropsychiatric manifestations, OMAS can be considered a distinct entity of autoimmune encephalitis, pathogenesis being immune activation against known/unknown neuronal cell surface antigens. The observation of absence of anti-NMDAR antibody in patients with teratoma-associated OMAS and vice versa is intriguing. Further research on the potential role of ovarian teratoma in evoking neuronal autoimmunity and its targets is required. The management challenge in both cases including the potential use of BOR has been highlighted.
Synthesis and solid state structures of 1,3-dihalo-1,3-bis(dialkylamino)propenium salts and related compounds
Authors: Land Michael A. , Turrie Katrina D. , Robertson Katherine N. , Clyburne Jason A. C. 
Published: June 2023

1,3-dicholoro-1,3- bis(dialkylamino)propenium salts are prepared by condensing N, N,-dialkylamides with dichloromethylene dimethyliminium chloride (“Viehe's salt”). The products are versatile synthons and can be used to make a variety of ligand types. Here, we report the syntheses of a number of new propenium salts and provide comprehensive characterization data for some that have already been described. Additionally, we have prepared a series of related 1,3-dihalo-1,3- bis(dimethylamino)propenium salts via halogen exchange reactions (F through I). Finally, all of the compounds described, including Viehe's Salt and several hydrolysis products, have been characterized in the solid state using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The symmetrical cations [Me2NC(X)CHC(X)NMe2]+ were found to take one of two general structural forms. The first (X = H or F) is planar, presumably maximizing the delocalization within the backbone of the cation, while the second form is markedly twisted (X = Cl, Br or I). Calculations indicate that the latter develop increasingly positive regions of the electrostatic potential on the halide substituents, allowing cation/anion interactions via halogen bonding to dominate in the extended solids. The results of these studies illustrate the importance of the differing interionic interactions in a homologous series of small organic salts.
Critical mass for Keller–Segel systems with supercritical nonlinear sensitivity
Authors: Mao Xuan , Li Yuxiang 
Published: June 2023

This paper is concerned with the following radially symmetric Keller–Segel systems with nonlinear sensitivity [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], posed on [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and subjected to homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. It is well-known that [Formula: see text] is the critical exponent of the systems in the sense that all solutions exist globally if [Formula: see text] and there exist finite-time blowup solutions if [Formula: see text]. Here we consider the supercritical case [Formula: see text] and show a critical mass phenomenon. Precisely, we prove that there exists a critical mass [Formula: see text] such that (1) for arbitrary nonincreasing nonnegative initial data [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the corresponding solution blows up in finite time if [Formula: see text], and if [Formula: see text] we can only prove that the solution blows up in finite time or infinite time; (2) for some nonincreasing nonnegative initial data with [Formula: see text], the corresponding solutions are globally bounded. Our results extend that of Winkler’s paper [M. Winkler, How unstable is spatial homogeneity in Keller–Segel systems? A new critical mass phenomenon in two- and higher-dimensional parabolic–elliptic cases, Math. Ann. 373 (2019) 1237–1282], where he proved similar results for the system with [Formula: see text].