bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return to work following primary total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Soleimani Mohammad , Babagoli Mazyar , Baghdadi Soroush , Mirghaderi Peyman , Fallah Yousef , Sheikhvatan Mehrdad , Shafiei Seyyed Hossein 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is increasingly common in younger patients, who are more likely to be working preoperatively. There is a need for an updated review of the literature regarding the rate and time to return to work (RTW), which is important when counseling patients, and also from an economic standpoint.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was performed on January 20, 2022, and studies reporting the rate and/or time to RTW after THA were included. Two authors independently selected relevant papers. RTW was extracted and analyzed using fixed-effects or random-effects models where appropriate.

Results
A total of 48 studies were included in the final analysis. We found that 70.7% of patients were working after primary THA. Among patients who were working before surgery, this rate increases to 87.9%, while 28.1% of patients who were not working preoperatively started working after surgery. Younger patients were more likely to RTW, while patients with a physically demanding job were less likely to RTW. Minimally invasive techniques were reported to yield a higher rate of RTW and an earlier time to RTW.

Conclusion
We found that the majority of patients return to work after THA, and some patients are able to start working after surgery. Compared to previous reviews, patients seem to have a higher rate and earlier RTW. The overall trend of the literature suggests that patients are returning to work earlier and at a higher rate compared to previous reviews.
Mobility of mPing and its associated elements is regulated by both internal and terminal sequences
Authors: Redd Priscilla S. , Diaz Stephanie , Weidner David , Benjamin Jazmine , Hancock C. Nathan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
DNA transposable elements are mobilized by a “cut and paste” mechanism catalyzed by the binding of one or more transposase proteins to terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) to form a transpositional complex. Study of the rice genome indicates that the mPing element has experienced a recent burst in transposition compared to the closely related Ping and Pong elements. A previously developed yeast transposition assay allowed us to probe the role of both internal and terminal sequences in the mobilization of these elements.

Results
We observed that mPing and a synthetic mPong element have significantly higher transposition efficiency than the related autonomous Ping and Pong elements. Systematic mutation of the internal sequences of both mPing and mPong identified multiple regions that promote or inhibit transposition. Simultaneous alteration of single bases on both mPing TIRs resulted in a significant reduction in transposition frequency, indicating that each base plays a role in efficient transposase binding. Testing chimeric mPing and mPong elements verified the important role of both the TIRs and internal regulatory regions. Previous experiments showed that the G at position 16, adjacent to the 5′ TIR, allows mPing to have higher mobility. Alteration of the 16th and 17th base from mPing’s 3′ end or replacement of the 3′ end with Pong 3′ sequences significantly increased transposition frequency.

Conclusions
As the transposase proteins were consistent throughout this study, we conclude that the observed transposition differences are due to the element sequences. The presence of sub-optimal internal regions and TIR bases supports a model in which transposable elements self-limit their activity to prevent host damage and detection by host regulatory mechanisms. Knowing the role of the TIRs, adjacent sub-TIRs, and internal regulatory sequences allows for the creation of hyperactive elements.
DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes for the association with glucose metabolism and invasive breast cancer
Authors: Jung Su Yon , Bhatti Parveen , Pellegrini Matteo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Insulin resistance (IR) is a well-established factor for breast cancer (BC) risk in postmenopausal women, but the interrelated molecular pathways on the methylome are not explicitly described. We conducted a population-level epigenome-wide association (EWA) study for DNA methylation (DNAm) probes that are associated with IR and prospectively correlated with BC development, both overall and in BC subtypes among postmenopausal women.

Methods
We used data from Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) ancillary studies for our EWA analyses and evaluated the associations of site-specific DNAm across the genome with IR phenotypes by multiple regressions adjusting for age and leukocyte heterogeneities. For our analysis of the top 20 IR-CpGs with BC risk, we used the WHI and the Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA), using multiple Cox proportional hazards and logit regressions, respectively, accounting for age, diabetes, obesity, leukocyte heterogeneities, and tumor purity (for TCGA). We further conducted a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.

Results
We detected several EWA-CpGs in TXNIP, CPT1A, PHGDH, and ABCG1. In particular, cg19693031 in TXNIP was replicated in all IR phenotypes, measured by fasting levels of glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment-IR. Of those replicated IR-genes, 3 genes (CPT1A, PHGDH, and ABCG1) were further correlated with BC risk; and 1 individual CpG (cg01676795 in POR) was commonly detected across the 2 cohorts.

Conclusions
Our study contributes to better understanding of the interconnected molecular pathways on the methylome between IR and BC carcinogenesis and suggests potential use of DNAm markers in the peripheral blood cells as preventive targets to detect an at-risk group for IR and BC in postmenopausal women.
Identification of m7G regulator-mediated RNA methylation modification patterns and related immune microenvironment regulation characteristics in heart failure
Authors: Ma Chaoqun , Tu Dingyuan , Xu Qiang , Wu Yan , Song Xiaowei , Guo Zhifu , Zhao Xianxian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification has been reported to regulate RNA expression in multiple pathophysiological processes. However, little is known about its role and association with immune microenvironment in heart failure (HF).

Results
One hundred twenty-four HF patients and 135 nonfailing donors (NFDs) from six microarray datasets in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were included to evaluate the expression profiles of m7G regulators. Results revealed that 14 m7G regulators were differentially expressed in heart tissues from HF patients and NFDs. Furthermore, a five-gene m7G regulator diagnostic signature, NUDT16, NUDT4, CYFIP1, LARP1, and DCP2, which can easily distinguish HF patients and NFDs, was established by cross-combination of three machine learning methods, including best subset regression, regularization techniques, and random forest algorithm. The diagnostic value of five-gene m7G regulator signature was further validated in human samples through quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In addition, consensus clustering algorithms were used to categorize HF patients into distinct molecular subtypes. We identified two distinct m7G subtypes of HF with unique m7G modification pattern, functional enrichment, and immune characteristics. Additionally, two gene subgroups based on m7G subtype-related genes were further discovered. Single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was utilized to assess the alterations of immune microenvironment. Finally, utilizing protein–protein interaction network and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified UQCRC1, NDUFB6, and NDUFA13 as m7G methylation-associated hub genes with significant clinical relevance to cardiac functions.

Conclusions
Our study discovered for the first time that m7G RNA modification and immune microenvironment are closely correlated in HF development. A five-gene m7G regulator diagnostic signature for HF (NUDT16, NUDT4, CYFIP1, LARP1, and DCP2) and three m7G methylation-associated hub genes (UQCRC1, NDUFB6, and NDUFA13) were identified, providing new insights into the underlying mechanisms and effective treatments of HF.
The subcortical correlates of autistic traits in school-age children: a population-based neuroimaging study
Authors: Sharp T. H. , Elsabbagh M. , Pickles A. , Bedford R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
There is emerging evidence that the neuroanatomy of autism forms a spectrum which extends into the general population. However, whilst several studies have identified cortical morphology correlates of autistic traits, it is not established whether morphological differences are present in the subcortical structures of the brain. Additionally, it is not clear to what extent previously reported structural associations may be confounded by co-occurring psychopathology. To address these questions, we utilised neuroimaging data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study to assess whether a measure of autistic traits was associated with differences in child subcortical morphology, and if any observed differences persisted after adjustment for child internalising and externalising symptoms.

Methods
Our analyses included data from 7005 children aged 9–10 years (female: 47.19%) participating in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Autistic traits were assessed using scores from the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Volumes of subcortical regions of interest were derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging data.

Results
Overall, we did not find strong evidence for an association of autistic traits with differences in subcortical morphology in this sample of school-aged children. Whilst lower absolute volumes of the nucleus accumbens and putamen were associated with higher scores of autistic traits, these differences did not persist once a global measure of brain size was accounted for.

Limitations
It is important to note that autistic traits were assessed using the SRS, of which higher scores are associated with general behavioural problems, and therefore may not be wholly indicative of autism-specific symptoms. In addition, individuals with a moderate or severe autism diagnosis were excluded from the ABCD study, and thus, the average level of autistic traits will be lower than in the general population which may bias findings towards the null.

Conclusions
These findings from our well-powered study suggest that other metrics of brain morphology, such as cortical morphology or shape-based phenotypes, may be stronger candidates to prioritise when attempting to identify robust neuromarkers of autistic traits.
The lack of specialized pediatric cardiac surgeons in Lebanon: a humanitarian catastrophe
Authors: Zeineddine Jana , El Chamieh Carolla , Bou Sanayeh Elie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) is a major public health concern, as it is the most common birth defect and the leading cause of death in the first year of life if adequate surgical interventions were not provided. Unfortunately, in Lebanon, a country that has been assailed by devastating social and economic crises, many specialized Lebanese pediatric heart surgeons fled abroad to secure more stable careers. This has led to the death of many newborns with CHDs. Public health authorities must find urgent solutions for this national tragedy that is projected to last for years.
Pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ livelihood resilience to climate change-induced risks in the Borana zone, south Ethiopia: Using resilience index measurement approach
Authors: Tofu Daniel Assefa , Fana Chalchisa , Dilbato Tegegn , Dirbaba Niguse Bekele , Tesso Gutu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted in the Borana zone, Oromia region, southern Ethiopia, with the aim of analysing the livelihood resilience of pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ to climate change-related risks. A household survey was used to collect quantitative data, whereas qualitative data were collected via focus group discussions, expert group discussions, and personal observations. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data, and content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The results show that frequent droughts, rising temperatures, and reduced rainfall are the major climate change-induced risks affecting the livelihoods of pastorals and agro-pastorals in the study area. Among the parameters tested, the greatest impacts of climate change-induced risks on pastoral and agro-pastoral livelihood systems were recorded for food [100%] and animal feed or pasture [99%], followed by livestock loss [95%], a decline in species dynamics [95%], and agro-pastoral land degradation [95%]. The average climate resilience index score of the Borena zone is found to be 0.328, implying that 32.8% of the respondents are resilient, with 0.163 [16.3%] pastoralists and 0.417 [41.7%] agro-pastoralists being resilient. However, all the results are below the scale of the minimum threshold [0.5 or 50%], implying that livelihoods and their households are poorly resilient. For the low resilience in Borena, limited access to basic services [0.26] and the adaptive capacity [0.29] of the pastoralists and agro-pastoralists contributed the highest share for resilience capacity compared to other major building blocks of resilience. However, of the two livelihood systems, pastoralists were found to have less resilience [0.249] compared to agro-pastoralists [0.407]. Besides the climatic factors, the resilience of pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ livelihoods was affected positively and significantly by adaptive capacity and negatively and with statistical significance by the asset endowments of the households at P < 0.05. Therefore, policymakers should give pertinent attention to the reduction of the effects of climatic risks and increase the resilience of pastoral and agro-pastoral livelihood systems. Furthermore, actions that focus on increasing access to water, improving the rangeland generative capacity, diversifying the income sources, and providing timely and accurate early warning information are indispensable to building resilient livelihoods among the pastoral and agro-pastoral communities.
Outcomes in participants with ventilated nosocomial pneumonia and organ failure treated with ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem: a subset analysis of the phase 3, randomized, controlled ASPECT-NP trial
Authors: Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Shorr Andrew F. , Wunderink Richard G. , Kollef Marin H. , Timsit Jean-François , Yu Brian , Huntington Jennifer A. , Jensen Erin , Bruno Christopher J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The pivotal ASPECT-NP trial showed ceftolozane/tazobactam was non-inferior to meropenem for the treatment of ventilated hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (vHABP/VABP). Here, we evaluated treatment outcomes by degree of respiratory or cardiovascular dysfunction.

Methods
This was a subset analysis of data from ASPECT-NP, a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02070757). Adults with vHABP/VABP were randomized 1:1 to 3 g ceftolozane/tazobactam or 1 g meropenem every 8 h for 8–14 days. Outcomes in participants with a baseline respiratory component of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (R-SOFA) ≥ 2 (indicative of severe respiratory failure), cardiovascular component of the SOFA score (CV-SOFA) ≥ 2 (indicative of shock), or R-SOFA ≥ 2 plus CV-SOFA ≥ 2 were compared by treatment arm. The efficacy endpoint of primary interest was 28-day all-cause mortality. Clinical response, time to death, and microbiologic response were also evaluated.

Results
There were 726 participants in the intention-to-treat population; 633 with R-SOFA ≥ 2 (312 ceftolozane/tazobactam, 321 meropenem), 183 with CV-SOFA ≥ 2 (84 ceftolozane/tazobactam, 99 meropenem), and 160 with R-SOFA ≥ 2 plus CV-SOFA ≥ 2 (69 ceftolozane/tazobactam, 91 meropenem). Baseline characteristics, including causative pathogens, were generally similar in participants with R-SOFA ≥ 2 or CV-SOFA ≥ 2 across treatment arms. The 28-day all-cause mortality rate was 23.7% and 24.0% [difference: 0.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI) − 6.4, 6.9] for R-SOFA ≥ 2, 33.3% and 30.3% (difference: − 3.0%, 95% CI − 16.4, 10.3) for CV-SOFA ≥ 2, and 34.8% and 30.8% (difference: − 4.0%, 95% CI − 18.6, 10.3), respectively, for R-SOFA ≥ 2 plus CV-SOFA ≥ 2. Clinical cure rates were as follows: 55.8% and 54.2% (difference: 1.6%, 95% CI − 6.2, 9.3) for R-SOFA ≥ 2, 53.6% and 55.6% (difference: − 2.0%, 95% CI − 16.1, 12.2) for CV-SOFA ≥ 2, and 53.6% and 56.0% (difference: − 2.4%, 95% CI − 17.6, 12.8), respectively, for R-SOFA ≥ 2 plus CV-SOFA ≥ 2. Time to death was comparable in all SOFA groups across both treatment arms. A higher rate of microbiologic eradication/presumed eradication was observed for CV-SOFA ≥ 2 and R-SOFA ≥ 2 plus CV-SOFA ≥ 2 with ceftolozane/tazobactam compared to meropenem.

Conclusions
The presence of severe respiratory failure or shock did not affect the relative efficacy of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem; either agent may be used to treat critically ill patients with vHABP/VABP.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02070757. Registered 25 February 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02070757
Critically ill patient mortality by age: long-term follow-up (CIMbA-LT)
Authors: Gonçalves-Pereira João , Oliveira André , Vieira Tatiana , Rodrigues Ana Rita , Pinto Maria João , Pipa Sara , Martinho Ana , Ribeiro Sofia , Paiva José-Artur 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The past years have witnessed dramatic changes in the population admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Older and sicker patients are now commonly treated in this setting due to the newly available sophisticated life support. However, the short- and long-term benefit of this strategy is scarcely studied.

Methods
The Critically Ill patients’ mortality by age: Long-Term follow-up (CIMbA-LT) was a multicentric, nationwide, retrospective, observational study addressing short- and long-term prognosis of patients admitted to Portuguese multipurpose ICUs, during 4 years, according to their age and disease severity. Patients were followed for two years after ICU admission. The standardized hospital mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated according to the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II and the follow-up risk, for patients discharged alive from the hospital, according to official demographic national data for age and gender. Survival curves were plotted according to age group.

Results
We included 37.118 patients, including 15.8% over 80 years old. The mean SAPS II score was 42.8 ± 19.4. The ICU all-cause mortality was 16.1% and 76% of all patients survive until hospital discharge. The SAPS II score overestimated hospital mortality [SMR at hospital discharge 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.76] but accurately predicted one-year all-cause mortality [1-year SMR 1.01; (95% CI 0.98–1.08)]. Survival curves showed a peak in mortality, during the first 30 days, followed by a much slower survival decline thereafter. Older patients had higher short- and long-term mortality and their hospital SMR was also slightly higher (0.76 vs. 0.69). Patients discharged alive from the hospital had a 1-year relative mortality risk of 6.3; [95% CI 5.8–6.7]. This increased risk was higher for younger patients [21.1; (95% CI 15.1–39.6) vs. 2.4; (95% CI 2.2–2.7) for older patients].

Conclusions
Critically ill patients’ mortality peaked in the first 30 days after ICU admission. Older critically ill patients had higher all-cause mortality, including a higher hospital SMR. A long-term increased relative mortality risk was noted in patients discharged alive from the hospital, but this was more noticeable in younger patients.
pth-moment stability of stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching and impulsive control
Authors: Li Zhao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the problem ofpth-moment stability of stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching and impulsive control via comparison principle. Employing stochastic analysis theory and an impulsive delay differential inequality, we establish a new comparison principle for stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching and impulsive control. Using the comparison principle, we derive sufficient conditions for stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching and impulsive control by the stability of impulsive delay differential equations. An example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Diagnostic efficiency on ultrasound shear wave elastography in evaluation of steatosis severity for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a rat model
Authors: Wu Yuhui , Liu Qianjiao , Wang Yan , Li Fangyan , Chan Lawrence Wing-Chi , Wen Yong , Yang Fan , Xiang Yining , Duan Qinghong , Luo Peng , Lei Pinggui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The pathological feature of steatosis affects the elasticity values measured by shear wave elastography (SWE) is still controversial in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study is to demonstrate the influence of steatosis on liver stiffness measured by SWE on a rat model with NAFLD and analyze feasibility of SWE for grading steatosis in absence of fibrosis.

Methods
Sixty-six rats were fed with methionine choline deficient diet or standard diet to produce various stages of steatosis; 48 rats were available for final analysis. Rats underwent abdominal ultrasound SWE examination and pathological assessment. Liver histopathology was analyzed to assess the degree of steatosis, inflammation, ballooning, and fibrosis according to the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score. The diagnostic performance of SWE for differentiating steatosis stages was estimated according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to determine clinical usefulness and the areas under DCA (AUDCAs) calculated.

Results
In multivariate analysis, steatosis was an independent factor affecting the mean elastic modules (B = 1.558, P < 0.001), but not inflammation (B =  − 0.031, P = 0.920) and ballooning (B = 0.216, P = 0.458). After adjusting for inflammation and ballooning, the AUROC of the mean elasticity for identifying S ≥ S1 was 0.956 (95%CI: 0.872–0.998) and the AUDCA, 0.621. The AUROC for distinguishing S ≥ S2 and S = S3 was 0.987 (95%CI: 0.951–1.000) and 0.920 (95%CI: 0.816–0.986) and the AUDCA was 0.506 and 0.256, respectively.

Conclusions
Steatosis is associated with liver stiffness and SWE may have the feasibility to be introduced as an assistive technology in grading steatosis for patients with NAFLD in absence of fibrosis.