bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gapless Electrocardiogram‐Monitoring in stroke at high risk of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Burger Achim Leo , Roesler Cornelia , Ebner Johanna , Sommer Peter , Mutzenbach Sebastian , Winkler Walther‐Benedikt , Weidinger Franz , Ristl Robin , Pezawas Thomas , Greisenegger Stefan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposePrevious studies investigating prolonged electrocardiogram (ECG)‐monitoring after ischemic stroke had significant gaps between the index event and the beginning of long‐term monitoring. Atrial fibrillation (AF) detection might be higher if prolonged cardiac rhythm documentation is performed with a gapless approach without any interruption of monitoring time.MethodsThis investigator‐initiated, prospective study included patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack at three study centers. Participants received gapless ECG‐monitoring via telemetry during stroke‐unit admission until implantation of an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) within the first days after the index event. Patients acted as their own controls and also received standard 24–72‐h Holter ECG.ResultsA total of 110 patients were included, of whom 86 (78.2%) had an embolic stroke of unknown source, 14 (12.7%) had small‐vessel disease, and 10 (9.1%) had large‐artery disease. AF was newly diagnosed in 17 (15.5%) patients via ICM monitoring, compared to one (0.9%) patient via Holter ECG during 6 months of follow‐up (p < 0.001). The detection rate of AF within the first 30 days was 10.0%, which accounted for 64% of all new AF diagnoses. The median duration of the detected episodes was 1.7 (interquartile range = 0.2–4.7) h. All patients with new onset AF were treated with oral anticoagulation.ConclusionsGapless ECG‐monitoring is an effective strategy to significantly increase the detection rate of AF after ischemic stroke. This finding supports the use of long‐term ECG‐monitoring with a gapless approach without any interruption in monitoring time as the gold standard for clinical practice.
A reprieve from academia's chilly climate and misogyny: The power of feminist, women‐centered faculty writing program
Authors: Sharp Elizabeth A. , Messuri Kristin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe pervasiveness of sexism and misogyny and their harmful effects in academic contexts is well established, with scholars labeling women faculty's experiences of marginalization, devaluation, and exclusion as the “chilly climate” of the academy. Despite decades of intervention and research, the question remains: How can the chilly climate be mitigated? In the present focused ethnography, we examined a feminist, women‐centered faculty writing program at a US university that offered relief from the frigid temperatures by fostering a sanctioned space for women faculty to set aside their care work and to experience psychological safety, which, in turn, encouraged them to feel positive emotions regarding their writing and research. In addition to being impactful, the writing program is a feasible and easily adaptable intervention.
In situ synthesis of PcBN composites from Sialon–TiN–TiB2 binder and cBN under high temperature and pressure
Authors: Hu Xixi , Zhong Shenglin , Geng Jing , Mo Peicheng , Li Jiuyang , Wang Peixun , Yang Luyu , Wu Yi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) composites were synthesized in situ with TiB2, TiN, and Sialon as binders under ultrahigh temperature (1550°C) and high pressure (5.5 GPa). X‐ray diffractometry, universal testing machine, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the effect of Sialon content (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% by mass of binder) on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of PcBN composites. The results show that the main phases in the system are lamellar TiN, needle‐rodlike TiB2, and irregular long‐rodlike Sialon. Some TiB2 grows along the (1 0 −1 0) face, and Sialon grows along the (0 0 0 1) face. The density and mechanical properties of the sintered product are significantly improved due to the formation of Sialon. When the content of Sialon is 60%, the binder is uniformly distributed, the cBN interface is well bonded, and the density is the highest. At this time, the strength reaches the maximum 34.57 GPa, the fracture toughness is 6.82 MPa m1/2, and the flexural strength reaches the maximum 870.79 MPa. On the whole, cBN composites have excellent prospects for future applications in cutting inserts due to their excellent mechanical properties.
Systematic studies on improving structural properties of myofibrillar proteins and pork quality based on electrical stimulation
Authors: Ye Xiang , Ye Chun , Zhou Ying , Liu Yuanyuan , Wan Jing , Liu Linggao , Lu Kuan , Bi Shenghui , Jie Guohua , Zhu Qiujin 
Published: February 2023

SummaryElectrical stimulation (ES) is a green food processing technique in the meat industry. We explored the effect of different current (0.5 A, 1 A, the 90 s) ES treatments on the structural properties of the myofibrillar fibronectin (MP) and meat quality of pork tenderloin during storage at 4 °C. The results showed that ES enhanced the tenderness and redness of pork tenderloin by up to 41.36% and 27.33%, respectively, (P < 0.05) during storage but reduced the water holding capacity of the meat. Additionally, ES increases the solubility and sulfhydryl content of MP at the same storage time points, reducing the oxidation and thus making the structural properties of MP more stable, and the 1 A effect is more significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, ES disrupts the protein secondary structure and also enhances the surface hydrophobicity and UV absorption capacity of MP. Overall, the relationship between the quality changes of ES‐treated pork tenderloin and the structural properties of the protein was initially described, providing a theoretical basis for the application of ES in the deep processing of pork.
The effects of high‐pressure treatment on starch pasting, retrogradation, thermal, crystalline, rheological and digestive properties – A review
Authors: Chen Zhiguang , Yao Yun , Pu Huayin , Huang Junrong , Zhong Haixia 
Published: February 2023

SummaryIn this paper, the effects of pressure on starch properties were summarised and discussed. Firstly, high pressure can decrease the relative crystallinity of starch. After a 600 MPa treatment for 10–30 min, the relative crystallinity is reduced by about 37.1% on average. Meanwhile, high pressure can transform the A‐type or C‐type crystal into B‐type crystal. The destruction of high‐pressure treatment to starch crystalline structure is mainly achieved by disturbing the regular arrangement of double‐helixes, instead of directly destroying the double‐helix structure. Secondly, high pressure showed different effect trends on pasting and thermal properties of different starches. In most cases, the enthalpy of starch would become 0 after a 600 MPa treatment for 10–30 min. Thirdly, high pressure can increase retrogradation rate by 1.12–1.81 times. Fourthly, high‐pressure treatment increases the G′, G′′, apparent viscosity and yield stress of starch gel, and has different effect trends on flow behaviour index and consistency coefficient of different starches. Fifthly, high pressure can increase the RS content, up to 466.7%. This paper can provide reference for the application of high‐pressure technology in starch processing and modification.
Deep‐frying oil intake and risk of intestinal barrier dysfunction: a systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Li Xue , Liu Yan‐jun , Liu Yuan‐fa , Xu Yong‐jiang 
Published: February 2023

SummaryDeep‐frying oil intake is considered to destroy body health. In this review, a meta‐analysis was performed to assess the effects of deep‐frying oil intake on the risk of intestinal barrier dysfunction. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central updated till April 2022 (CRD42022326306). A total of nine studies were included. The pooled results revealed that deep‐frying oil intake significantly exaggerated crypt damage of colon [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 4.55; 95% CI: 2.87, 6.24, P < 0.05], increased proinflammatory cytokine expression in plasma and colon tissue, and enhanced intestinal permeability [lipopolysaccharides content (WMD: 10.11 μg mL−1, 95% CI: 7.44, 12.79 μg mL−1, P < 0.05)]. Moreover, deep‐frying oil intake could change the gut microbiota and decrease the content of microbiota‐derived short‐chain fatty acids. In conclusion, our findings provide insights into the effect of deep‐frying oil intake on the intestinal barrier dysfunction.
The effect of transitions intervention to ensure patient safety and satisfaction when transferred from hospital to home health care—A systematic review
Authors: Oksholm Trine , Gissum Karen Rosnes , Hunskår Irene , Augestad Mirjam Tonheim , Kyte Kristin , Stensletten Kari , Drageset Sigrunn , Aarstad Anne Kari Hersvik , Ellingsen Sidsel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this systematic review is to describe and evaluate the effectiveness of transition interventions to safeguard patient safety and satisfaction during patients' transition from hospital to home health care.DesignSystematic review.Data SourcesMEDLINE, Ovid Nursing Database, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Clinical Trials and SveMed+ was systematic searched in January 2019 and September 2020 to identify peer‐reviewed papers. No language, geographical or publication date restrictions.Review MethodsCochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions was used. Data analysis focused on aggregated data and a descriptive synthesis. Risk of bias was rated using Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool.ResultsIn total, 10,524 references were identified in the literature search, twenty‐six articles were included. The interventions were divided into three main groups: (i). systematic patient education pre‐discharge; (ii). establishment of contact with the local healthcare services pre‐discharge and (iii). follow‐up initiated by nurses from the hospital at home post‐discharge. The studies either used one intervention or combined two or three interventions. We considered the intervention to improve patient safety or satisfaction when they reported statistically significant results. Only four interventions increased both patient safety and satisfaction, seven interventions increased patient safety and thirteen increased patient satisfaction. Interventions that appear to be quite similar, with the same duration, measured different effects on patients' satisfaction and safety. Interventions that ensured patient safety did not necessarily facilitate patient satisfaction and vice versa.ConclusionInterventions can improve patient safety and satisfaction during transfer. However, interventions that improve patient safety or satisfaction do not always match.ImpactThis review suggests that transition interventions can improve patients' safety and satisfaction. However, to compare the impact of future interventions is it important to use standardized measurement tools of satisfaction. There is a need to try out tailored interventions, where interventions are customized to the needs of each patient.
The effect of COVID‐19 on workplace violence in California's hospitals: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Odes Rachel , Lee Soo‐Jeong , Hong OiSaeng , Jun Jin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThis study used California's unique Workplace Violent Incident Reporting System (WVIRS) to describe changes in workplace violence (WV) exposure for hospital‐based healthcare workers during the pandemic.DesignInterrupted time series analysis.MethodsWe compared the linear trends in weekly WV incidents reported during the period before the COVID‐19 pandemic (7/1/2017–3/20/2020) to the period following California's shutdown (3/21/2020–6/30/2021). We created mixed effects models for incidents reported in emergency departments (EDs) and in other hospital units. We used hospital volume data from the California Department of Health Care Access and Information.ResultsA total of 418 hospitals reported 37,561 incidents during the study period. For EDs, the number of reported incidents remained essentially constant, despite a 26% drop in outpatient visits between the first and second quarters of 2020. For other hospital units, weekly incidents initially dropped—parallel to a 13% decrease in inpatient days between the first and second quarters of 2020—but then continued parallel to the trend seen in the pre‐COVID period.ConclusionWV persists steadily in California's hospitals. Despite major reductions in patient volume due to COVID‐19, weekly reported ED incidents remained essentially unchanged.ImpactSurveys and media reported that WV increased during the pandemic, but it has been difficult to measure these changes using a large‐scale database. The absolute number of WV incidents did not increase during the pandemic; however, the trend in reported incidents remained constant in the context of dramatic decreases in patient volume. New federal WV prevention legislation is being considered in the U.S. California's experience of implementation should be considered to improve WV reporting and prevention.Public ContributionThere was no public contribution to this study. The goal of this analysis was to summarize findings from administrative data. The findings presented can inform future discussion of public policy and action.
Development and psychometric properties of the sleep problems and coping with sleep problem scales for pregnant women
Authors: Gokdemir Fulya , Yilmaz Tulay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study is to develop a sleep problems scale and a coping with sleep problems scale for pregnant women and assess their reliability and validity.DesignAn empirical research quantitative design.Review MethodsSelf‐reported instruments were developed through (1) item generation, (2) preliminary item evaluation and (3) scale refining and evaluation. Item pools were created via literature review, opinions of experts and women with experience in pregnancy sleep. Content, construct and criterion validities were tested. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, split‐half reliability and corrected item‐total correlation.Data SourcesData were collected between January 23 and July 22, 2020, at a hospital's obstetrics polyclinic. In the pilot and main study, 30 and 368 pregnant women (gestational age: 8–42 weeks) were included, respectively.ResultsThe content validity index was >0.9 for each scale. Factor analysis showed 24 and 18 items in the two scales, both with four subdimensions. The corrected item‐total correlations were acceptable, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.883 and 0.799, respectively.ConclusionBoth scales developed in this study are valid and reliable for the Turkish society.Implications for the profession and/or patient care/global clinical communityThis study's findings may prevent the lack of validated screening instruments to identify pregnancy‐specific sleep features.ImpactWe developed two scales to assess sleep problems in pregnant women. These were valid and reliable, can be routinely used by health professionals and may guide nurses and midwives in assessing and managing sleep problems during pregnancy.Reporting MethodThe study conforms to the COSMIN checklist.Patient or Public ContributionData were collected during face‐to‐face surveys. Ten women contributed to the item pool generation, 30 pregnant women participated in the pilot study, and 368 antenatal service users participated in the main study.
Toward better diabetes care: Exploration and implementation
Authors: Sheu Wayne Huey‐Herng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractApproximately 40 years ago, I was fortunate enough to step into the field of diabetes. When I had my fellowship training in the USA, I learned how to ask a good scientific question and conduct clinical research. With collaboration with my mentors, Prof. Gerald R Reaven and Prof. Ida Chen, we participated in many clinical trials. We established the Taiwan Diabetes Registry (TDR) to track long‐term changes in diabetes profiles. The ultimate purpose of medical research is to provide benefits to patients. Using electronic medical records and point‐of‐care glucometers, we reduced inpatients’ hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia greatly, which was also reflected by the reduction in hospital stays and readmission rates. With the advent of new technology and medications, we have to ponder where we are on the journey toward better diabetes care. We rigorously advocate diabetes care, hold many symposia and publish updated guidelines. We successfully hosted the congress of the 11th International Diabetes Federation Western Pacific Region & 8th Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes Scientific Meeting 2016 at Taipei, Taiwan. As the era of precision medicine is coming, Taiwan could be considered as one of the best places to run precision medicine. The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative has enrolled more than half a million residents, and is currently conducting genotyping and data analysis. In conclusion. I witnessed the early days of simple and few choices for diabetes management to the current various modalities in diabetes care. As these new technologies have become available, patients will always remain at the center of the care model with warmth and humility.
Larval development and poor trophic resource availability: Local adaptations and plasticity in a widespread amphibian species
Authors: Manenti Raoul , Kristensen Nadiah , Cogliati Paola , Barzaghi Benedetta , Melotto Andrea , Ficetola Gentile Francesco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTheory predicts that, in organisms with complex life cycles, if the earlier‐stage limiting factor induces weak later‐stage phenotypes, the development of the later‐stage trait should evolve to reduce carry‐over effects. Local adaptations could thus favour decoupling of later stages. However, decoupling is not always possible. In this study, we used a widespread amphibian, the European fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra), to assess the role of local adaptations to environmental stressful conditions experienced at the larval stage. We exposed 150 larvae from different altitudes to two conditions: rich food and poor food condition. Conditions in early life stages can affect an individual's traits, either as a direct effect or mediated through outcomes in successive life stages. To distinguish between effects of rearing conditions and local adaptation, we searched for a causal model. The causal model detected effects of both food treatment and population origin (altitude) on all life stages. Larvae reared under rich food condition metamorphosed earlier, had higher growth rates and reached smaller size at metamorphosis. Significant differences occurred between larvae of different origin: low‐altitude individuals performed poorly under the poor food treatment. Moreover, larvae from higher altitudes were slower with rich food and faster with poor food compared to those from lower altitudes. Our results underline that environmental conditions and local adaptation can interplay in determining the plasticity of larval stages, still adaptations can maximize the growth efficiency of early stages in oligotrophic environments, leading to divergent pathways across populations and environmental conditions.
Conserved noncoding sequences correlate with distant gene contacts in Arabidopsis and Brassica
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wu Jian , Liang Jianli , Lin Runmao , Sun Chao , Dai Qirui , Zhang Lupeng , Guo Huiling , Zhao Ranze , Wang Xiaowu 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTPhysical contact between genes distant on chromosomes is a potentially important way for genes to coordinate their expressions. To investigate the potential importance of distant contacts, we performed high‐throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi‐C) experiments on leaf nuclei isolated from Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. We then combined our results with published Hi‐C data from Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that distant genes come into physical contact and do so preferentially between the proximal promoter of one gene and the downstream region of another gene. Genes with higher numbers of conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) nearby were more likely to have contact with distant genes. With more CNSs came higher numbers of transcription factor binding sites and more histone modifications associated with the activity. In addition, for the genes we studied, distant contacting genes with CNSs were more likely to be transcriptionally coordinated. These observations suggest that CNSs may enrich active histone modifications and recruit transcription factors, correlating with distant contacts to ensure coordinated expression. This study advances our knowledge of gene contacts and provides insights into the relationship between CNSs and distant gene contacts in plants.
Evaluation of pro‐atherogenic lipid profile and high atherohenic indexes in patients with Behçet's disease: A case–control study
Authors: Acar Onur , Sarac Gulhan Aksoy , Rota Didem Dinçer , Aksoy Hakan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundBehçet's disease is a systemic auto‐immune and auto‐inflammatory chronic disease in which genetic and environmental factors play a role. Patients with Behçet's are at significant risk for developing many comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases.AimsIt was aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lipid parameters and atherogenic indexes to evaluate the cardiovascular risk status in patients with Behçet's disease.Patients/MethodsThis study was designed as a single‐center, retrospective case–control study. The study was conducted with 212 patients over 18 years of age, 106 in the case group and 106 in the control group.ResultsThere was a significant difference in lipid values between the patients with Behçet's disease and the control group. While the serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHC) levels were significantly higher, the high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) level was low in patients with Behçet's disease. From atherogenic indexes, Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) (0.03 ± 0.27 vs. −0.07 ± 0.23, p = 0.003), Castelli Risk Index I (CRI‐I) (4.24 ± 1.07 vs. 3.02 ± 0.96, p < 0.001), Castelli Risk Index II (CRI‐II) (2.65 ± 0.81 vs. 1.84 ± 0.59, p < 0.001) and Atherogenic Coefficient (AC) (3.24 ± 1.07 vs. 2.02 ± 0.96, p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in patients with Behçet's disease.ConclusionOur study shows that patients with Behçet's have a higher pro‐atherogenic lipid profile and atherogenic indexes at high risk. Patients with Behçet's have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis.