bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metaphor use in depersonalization/derealization
Authors: Dilkes Jane 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the use of metaphor in the dissociative disorder depersonalization/derealization – the feeling of unreality or detachment from the senses or surrounding events. While the debilitating experience of depersonalization/derealization is prevalent, it is also under-acknowledged, such that it is often expressed through metaphor, with more typical metaphor described in diagnostic criteria. Using naturally occurring text from two prominent English language depersonalization/derealization support fora, in the current study a systematic survey is made of metaphor to communicate the experience of depersonalization/derealization in context. It is concluded that metaphor described in the formal diagnostic criteria for depersonalization/derealization does not completely represent metaphor use in the contexts investigated. A summary is made of metaphor for the experiences of depersonalization, and derealization, and depersonalization/derealization more generally, across both the contexts investigated, that may support vital understanding and diagnosis of this debilitating, under-recognized experience, across a wider demographic.
An Energetic Mesoscale Anticyclonic Eddy in the Southern Bay of Bengal in June 2020: A Case Study
Authors: Ye Ruijie , Zhou Feng , Ma Xiao , Shou Lu , Meng Qicheng , Zeng Dingyong , Liu Chenggang , Tian Di , Zhou Beifeng , Lin Feilong , Xu Mingquan , Hu Zhentao , Priyadarshani W. N. C. , Zhang Jiaying , Jayathilake R. M. R. M. , Pathirana Gayan , Iroshanie R. G. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe southern Bay of Bengal (BoB) is a region of rich mesoscale eddy activity that plays an important role in modulating water exchange between the BoB and the Arabian Sea. Although statistical surface characteristics of mesoscale eddies in the BoB have been sufficiently explored previously, most studies concentrated on the western and central BoB, but rarely in the southern BoB. In this study, an energetic mesoscale anticyclonic eddy (AE) was detected by long‐term mooring observations in the southern BoB during June 2020. The mooring observations revealed that the AE‐induced maximum temperature and salinity anomalies at 100 m were as large as 6.8°C and 0.3 psu, respectively. The available Argo profiles showed that the AE‐induced salinity anomalies had a three‐layer vertical structure, with a positive anomaly (maximum 0.28 psu) deeper than 100 m and (maximum 0.72 psu) shallower than 40 m, and a negative anomaly (maximum −0.86 psu) between 40 and 100 m, indicating that the AE could exert a significant effect on the redistribution of surface freshwater in the southern BoB. The AE formation was closely connected with remote forcing (equatorial Kelvin wave) and local processes (Rossby wave and local wind stress curl). Local energy conversion analysis demonstrated that baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, as well as wind stress work made comparable contributions to the generation of the AE. Given the frequent occurrence of the AEs to northwest of Sumatra, they could have significant effects on surface freshwater redistribution and regional ecosystem productivity in the southern BoB.
Seismically Imaged Crustal Breakup in the Southwest Taiwan Basin of the Northeastern South China Sea Margin
Authors: Chen Changliang , Yan Pin , Yu Junhui , Zhong Guangjian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Southern Depression of the Southwest Taiwan Basin is an ENE‐trending wide rift in the northeastern South China Sea margin. Though known as highly thinned, the maximum degree of crustal extension remains unclear. Here, we present three NW‐trending multi‐channel seismic profiles crossing the depression askew, and another profile traversing it, all of which image the basement and Moho clearly. The basement deepens toward the rift axis while the Moho shoals toward the axis, indicating significant crustal thinning. Faults appear with only small throws and are usually untraceable to depth. As the integral fault offset seems insufficient to match the horizontal crustal extension, the high crustal thinning is mainly accommodated by detachment faults. Only small‐scale post‐rift magmatic bodies and sporadic sills are observed, and syn‐rift magmatism is poor. The depression shows a recumbent V‐shaped valley opening to the northeast with the width increasing from 50 km on the southwestern profile to 96 km on the northeastern profile. Along the valley axis, the crust thins from 8.1 to 3.6 km and more thinner to the northeast, demonstrating enhanced extensional degree toward the northeast. A unique conch‐shaped package (up to ∼2 s two‐way travel time thick) with moderately coherent reflections is imaged atop the axial mantle on the northeastern profile. It was possibly formed by mantle exhumation, syn‐rift sedimentary uplift, or volcanic eruption. All these possibilities indicate that the crust probably broke up there, which represents a special style of crustal thinning different from other magma‐poor margins.
Upper Mantle Anisotropy and Flow Beneath the Pacific Ocean Revealed by Differential PS‐SKS Splitting
Authors: Wolf Jonathan , Long Maureen D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUpper mantle anisotropy has been mapped beneath continents at high spatial resolution. Beneath the oceans, however, shear wave splitting constraints on upper mantle anisotropy are sparse, due to the paucity of seismic receivers. A technique that does not require the availability of seismic stations close to the region under study is differential PS‐SKS splitting. Here, we use global wavefield simulations to investigate circumstances under which PS‐SKS splitting can be applied, and then use this technique to measure upper mantle anisotropy beneath the Pacific Ocean basin. Our results demonstrate that upper mantle anisotropy in our study region mostly reflects shearing due to the Pacific plate. North of Fiji, we observe a rotation of fast polarization directions, away from the direction of absolute plate motion of the Pacific plate. This may reflect far‐field mantle flow effects associated with the subduction of the Australian plate beneath the Pacific.
A Possible Unified Picture for the Connected Recurrent Magnetic Dipolarization, Quasi‐Periodic ENA Enhancement, SKR Low‐Frequency Extension and Narrowband Emission at Saturn
Authors: Xu Y. , Yao Z. H. , Ye S.‐Y. , Badman S. V. , Dialynas K. , Sergis N. , Ray L. C. , Guo R. L. , Pan D. X. , Dunn W. R. , Zhang B. , Bader A. , Kinrade J. , Wu S. Y. , Coates A. J. , Mitchell D. G. , Wei Y. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetic Dipolarization, a hallmark indicator of the formation of field‐aligned currents, plays a crucial role in the energy dissipative processes that occur within planetary magnetospheres. Saturn's magnetic dipolarization was found to recur after one planetary rotation, suggesting a potential correlation with the corotating current systems. The observation of enhanced Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENA) within Saturn's inner magnetosphere serves as a diagnostic tool, revealing the existence of a rotating, dynamic Partial Ring Current (PRC) system. By utilizing multiple datasets from Cassini, this study advances the understanding of the interrelationship between ENA emission and magnetic dipolarization. Our results suggest the possibility of a coupling between the PRC system revealed by the ENA emission and magnetic dipolarization. Furthermore, a temporal correlation was found between the ENA emissions and two distinct radio emissions. This study discusses potential causal relationships among these phenomena and first time proposes a global unified physical picture.
Suprathermal Ions Observed Inside a Magnetic Flux Rope in the Earth's Magnetotail
Authors: Xie Yi , Wang Rongsheng , Wang Shimou , Li Xinmin , Gao Xinliang , Lu San 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSuprathermal ions have not been observed inside magnetic flux ropes, although energetic electrons have been extensively detected and were thought to be accelerated inside magnetic flux ropes. In this paper, we present the first observation of the suprathermal ions inside a magnetic flux rope in the Earth's magnetotail with a spatial‐scale of tens of ion inertial length. This flux rope was propagating earthward, and its leading part was substantially compressed while its trailing part was significantly stretched. The suprathermal ions can be detected inside the whole flux rope and displayed distinct pitch angle distributions between its leading and trailing parts. In the leading part, the ion fluxes were enhanced primarily in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field in the all measured energy range, while the ion fluxes increased in the parallel and antiparallel directions in the trailing parts. A large flow vortex was observed immediately behind the flux rope, consistent with Kármán vortex street. The observation suggested that a flux rope even with a large scale can still be highly dynamic, and the charged particles can be significantly accelerated during the flux rope evolution in magnetic reconnection.
A Zonal See‐Saw Variation of Tropical Cyclogenesis Over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal‐South China Sea
Authors: Cao Xi , Wu Renguang , Wang Zhibiao , Lan Xiaoqing , Sun Ying , Zhao Junhu , Du Zhencai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe variation of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) and South China Sea (SCS) during the post‐monsoon season is explored during 1979–2020. A zonal see‐saw variation of TC genesis is detected between the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BOB) –SCS (BOBSCS for brevity). More (less) TCs over the AS tend to concur with fewer (more) TCs over the BOBSCS. Analyses of both the observations and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 outputs show that tripole sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans play a crucial role in the zonal see‐saw variation of TC genesis. Positive western Indian (WI) Ocean and tropical central and eastern Pacific (CEP) Ocean SST anomalies and negative western Pacific (WP) SST anomalies induce anomalous ascending and descending motions and high and low humidity transportation to the middle troposphere over the AS and BOBSCS, respectively. Meantime, anticyclonic vorticity anomalies appear in the BOBSCS region and negative anomalies of vertical wind shear are induced over the NIO and SCS. The combined positive contributions of upward motion, mid‐level humidity increase, and low vertical wind shear favor higher TC genesis over the AS, whereas the joint negative effects of downward motion, mid‐level water vapor decrease, and lower‐level anticyclonic vorticity anomalies result in less TC genesis over the BOBSCS. Numerical experiments show a critical role of the WI SST anomalies in the dipole pattern of vertical motion, which is crucial for the zonal dipole variation of TC genesis.
Pathological complete response, category change, and prognostic significance of HER2-low breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant treatment: a multicenter analysis of 2489 cases
Authors: Zhu Siji , Lu Yujie , Fei Xiaochun , Shen Kunwei , Chen Xiaosong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
HER2-low breast cancers (BC) show a good response to novel anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in advanced setting. Nevertheless, little is known about the response, category change, and prognosis of HER2-low BC receiving neoadjuvant treatment (NAT).

Methods
Consecutive invasive BC patients who underwent ≥ 4 cycles of NAT and surgery from January 2009 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. HER2-low was defined as IHC 1+ or 2+ and FISH negative. Concordance rates of HER2 and other biomarkers were analyzed by Kappa test. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to assess the recurrence-free interval (RFI) and overall survival (OS).

Results
A total of 2489 patients were included, of whom 1023 (41.1%) had HER2-low tumors. HER2-low patients had a higher ER positivity rate than HER2-0 patients (78.5% vs. 63.6%, P < 0.001), and a similar breast pathological complete response (pCR) rate (20.6% vs. 21.8%, P = 0.617). Among non-pCR cases, 39.5% of HER2-0 tumors changed to HER2-low, and 14.3% of HER2-low tumors changed to HER2-0 after NAT. Low concordance rates of HER2-low status were found in both ER-positive (Kappa = 0.368) and ER-negative (Kappa = 0.444) patients. Primary HER2-low patients had a significantly better RFI than HER2-0 patients (P = 0.014), especially among ER-positive subset (P = 0.016). Moreover, HER2-low category change was associated with RFI in ER-positive subset (adjusted P = 0.043).

Conclusions
Compared with HER2-0 patients, HER2-low patients had a high proportion of ER-positive tumor and a similar pCR rate, which were related with better prognosis, especially in residual cases after NAT. A remarkable instability of HER2-low status was found between the primary and residual tumor, indicating re-testing HER2 status after NAT in the new era of anti-HER2 ADCs therapy.
Dexterous electrical-driven soft robots with reconfigurable chiral-lattice foot design
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhao Baowen , Li Xinlei , Dong Le , Zhang Mengjie , Zou Jiang , Gu Guoying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDexterous locomotion, such as immediate direction change during fast movement or shape reconfiguration to perform diverse tasks, are essential animal survival strategies which have not been achieved in existing soft robots. Here, we present a kind of small-scale dexterous soft robot, consisting of an active dielectric elastomer artificial muscle and reconfigurable chiral-lattice foot, that enables immediate and reversible forward, backward and circular direction changes during fast movement under single voltage input. Our electric-driven soft robot with the structural design can be combined with smart materials to realize multimodal functions via shape reconfigurations under the external stimulus. We experimentally demonstrate that our dexterous soft robots can reach arbitrary points in a plane, form complex trajectories, or lower the height to pass through a narrow tunnel. The proposed structural design and shape reconfigurability may pave the way for next-generation autonomous soft robots with dexterous locomotion.
Hydrophobic interactions dominate the recognition of a KRAS G12V neoantigen
Authors: Wright Katharine M. , DiNapoli Sarah R. , Miller Michelle S. , Aitana Azurmendi P. , Zhao Xiaowei , Yu Zhiheng , Chakrabarti Mayukh , Shi WuXian , Douglass Jacqueline , Hwang Michael S. , Hsiue Emily Han-Chung , Mog Brian J. , Pearlman Alexander H. , Paul Suman , Konig Maximilian F. , Pardoll Drew M. , Bettegowda Chetan , Papadopoulos Nickolas , Kinzler Kenneth W. , Vogelstein Bert , Zhou Shibin , Gabelli Sandra B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpecificity remains a major challenge to current therapeutic strategies for cancer. Mutation associated neoantigens (MANAs) are products of genetic alterations, making them highly specific therapeutic targets. MANAs are HLA-presented (pHLA) peptides derived from intracellular mutant proteins that are otherwise inaccessible to antibody-based therapeutics. Here, we describe the cryo-EM structure of an antibody-MANA pHLA complex. Specifically, we determine a TCR mimic (TCRm) antibody bound to its MANA target, the KRASG12Vpeptide presented by HLA-A*03:01. Hydrophobic residues appear to account for the specificity of the mutant G12V residue. We also determine the structure of the wild-type G12 peptide bound to HLA-A*03:01, using X-ray crystallography. Based on these structures, we perform screens to validate the key residues required for peptide specificity. These experiments led us to a model for discrimination between the mutant and the wild-type peptides presented on HLA-A*03:01 based exclusively on hydrophobic interactions.
Bioinspired rotary flight of light-driven composite films
Authors: Wang Dan , Chen Zhaomin , Li Mingtong , Hou Zhen , Zhan Changsong , Zheng Qijun , Wang Dalei , Wang Xin , Cheng Mengjiao , Hu Wenqi , Dong Bin , Shi Feng , Sitti Metin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLight-driven actuators have great potential in different types of applications. However, it is still challenging to apply them in flying devices owing to their slow response, small deflection and force output and low frequency response. Herein, inspired by the structure of vine maple seeds, we report a helicopter-like rotary flying photoactuator (in response to 0.6 W/cm2 near-infrared (NIR) light) with ultrafast rotation (~7200 revolutions per minute) and rapid response (~650 ms). This photoactuator is operated based on a fundamentally different mechanism that depends on the synergistic interactions between the photothermal graphene and the hygroscopic agar/silk fibroin components, the subsequent aerodynamically favorable airscrew formation, the jet propulsion, and the aerodynamics-based flying. The soft helicopter-like photoactuator exhibits controlled flight and steering behaviors, making it promising for applications in soft robotics and other miniature devices.
Body size and life history shape the historical biogeography of tetrapods
Authors: Weil Sarah-Sophie , Gallien Laure , Nicolaï Michaël P. J. , Lavergne Sébastien , Börger Luca , Allen William L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDispersal across biogeographic barriers is a key process determining global patterns of biodiversity as it allows lineages to colonize and diversify in new realms. Here we demonstrate that past biogeographic dispersal events often depended on species’ traits, by analysing 7,009 tetrapod species in 56 clades. Biogeographic models incorporating body size or life history accrued more statistical support than trait-independent models in 91% of clades. In these clades, dispersal rates increased by 28–32% for lineages with traits favouring successful biogeographic dispersal. Differences between clades in the effect magnitude of life history on dispersal rates are linked to the strength and type of biogeographic barriers and intra-clade trait variability. In many cases, large body sizes and fast life histories facilitate dispersal success. However, species with small bodies and/or slow life histories, or those with average traits, have an advantage in a minority of clades. Body size–dispersal relationships were related to a clade’s average body size and life history strategy. These results provide important new insight into how traits have shaped the historical biogeography of tetrapod lineages and may impact present-day and future biogeographic dispersal.
Experimental determination of concentration factors of Ni, Ru and Sb in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Ali Y. , Thomas R. , Holgersson S. , Isaksson M. , Insulander Björk K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the experimental determination of concentration factors (CF) for nickel, ruthenium and antimony in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyceae), which was chosen as a representative of marine phytoplankton. Better determinations of these CF are needed to improve the modelling of marine ecosystems at release points, where radioactive pollutants enter the ecosystem, for more accurate predictions of radiation dose to humans caused by these pollutants. A literature study revealed that the currently implemented values of these CF are based on very scarce data, and a computational sensitivity study showed that the radiation dose caused by radioisotopes of these elements depend strongly on the phytoplankton CF. Nutrient-enriched water samples from Swedish coastal waters were used as a medium for growing of the diatom species P. tricornutum and radioactive isotopes of the studied elements were added to the cultures during the exponential growth phase. The radioactivity in the P. tricornutum and in the culture medium were measured separately and used for determination of CF. Conservative estimates of the CF based on this phytoplankton proxy on the present data are 6400 L/kg for nickel, 20,000 L/kg for ruthenium and 890 L/kg for antimony, with P. tricornutum biomass masses referring to dry weight. The estimates for nickel and ruthenium are similar to previously published values, which underpins the credibility of radiation dose calculations based on these values. The estimate for antimony is uncertain, but also, to our knowledge, represents the first published experimentally based data on this CF.
The connection between stress, density, and speed in crowds
Authors: Beermann Mira , Sieben Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMoving around in crowds is part of our daily lives, and we are used to the associated restriction of mobility. Nevertheless, little is known about how individuals experience these limitations. Such knowledge would, however, help to predict behavior, assess crowding, and improve measures for safety and comfort. To address this research gap, we conducted two studies on how constrained mobility affects physiological arousal as measured by mobile electrodermal activity (EDA) sensors. In study 1, we constrained walking speed by externally imposing a specific walking speed without physical proximity to another person, while, in study 2, we varied walking speed by increasing the number of people in a given area. In study 1, we confirmed previous findings showing that faster speeds led to statistically significantly higher levels of physiological arousal. The external limitations of walking speed, however, even if perceived as uncomfortable, did not increase physiological arousal. In the second study, subjects’ speed was gradually reduced by density in a single-lane experiment. This study shows that physiological arousal increased statistically significant with increasing density and decreasing speed, suggesting that people experience more stress when their movement is restricted by proximity to others. The result of study 2 is even more significant given the results of study 1: When there are no other people around, arousal increases with walking speed due to the physiology of walking. This effect reverses when the speed must be reduced due to other people. Then the arousal increases at lower speeds.
Soil micronutrients linked to human health in India
Authors: Morton Claire M. , Pullabhotla Hemant , Bevis Leah , Lobell David B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTrace soil minerals are a critical determinant of both crop productivity and the mineral concentration of crops, therefore potentially impacting the nutritional status of human populations relying on those crops. We link health data from nearly 0.3 million children and one million adult women across India with over 27 million soil tests drawn from a nationwide soil health program. We find that soil zinc availability is positively associated with children’s linear height growth, and soil iron availability is positively associated with hemoglobin levels. The link between soil zinc and childhood stunting is particularly robust—a one standard deviation increase in satisfactory soil zinc tests is associated with approximately 11 fewer children stunted per 1000. We also find that this zinc-stunting relationship is strongest in wealthier households. Our results suggest that soil mineral availability impacts human nutritional status and health in at least some areas of India, and that agronomic fortification may be a beneficial intervention.