bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the design of efficient optimal tube‐based robust model predictive control: Quasi‐H∞ approach
Authors: Sebghati Ashkan , Esfahani Mahyar Madani , Shamaghdari Saeed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a tube‐based robust model predictive control (TMPC) scheme with an optimal tube for disturbance‐affected linear systems. In the literature on TMPC, there is no proper methodology to handle the considerable effects of the tube size on the closed‐loop system performance. There is usually a trade‐off between the disturbance rejection level and the amount of control effort available for the MPC problem. In some applications, it is nearly impossible to find a feasible TMPC to have a sufficient amount of states and inputs feasible sets for the MPC optimization problem. It would be a vital contribution to the TMPC designs if an algorithm is demonstrated which can investigate the suitability of TMPC for a specific system. This paper provides a solution for the mentioned challenges by introducing the concept of Quasi‐H∞ criterion and proposing a constrained optimization problem. The optimization problem is then reformulated and simplified to present an efficient methodology for the TMPC designers. The proposed TMPC scheme could benefit from a larger terminal region and result in a larger region of attraction. The achievements in TMPC designs are shown by simulations and comparisons with the previously used techniquesover numerical case studies.
Model selection and mechanism design for electricity markets in hydropower‐rich regions: Adaptation study
Authors: Liu Fang , Liu Jianhang , Yang Xiu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of foreign electricity markets has been relatively complete, while China's electricity market started late and the design of the market mechanism needs to be improved, so the selection of a suitable market model and the design of the market mechanism in hydropower‐rich regions is conducive to the healthy development of the electricity market. While most of the first eight pilot regions in China have entered the long‐period continuous operation stage, and all the second batch of six power spot pilots have started the simulation trial run. However, the construction of power markets in hydropower‐rich regions of China, Sichuan, and Yunnan, still faces multiple problems to be solved, such as ensuring the reliability of medium‐ and long‐term power supply, improving the efficiency of hydropower resources utilization and consumption scale, and maintaining the stability of market prices. In this paper, the authors establish a multi‐scale joint clearing model for different market models considering both long‐term and short‐term operation strategies, and conduct simulations of different market models at different time scales to compare and analyze the optimization results and electricity price fluctuations of different market models. It can stabilize the market price and reasonably reflect the true value of hydropower, and also promote the consumption of clean energy and guarantee the reliability of power supply in the medium and long terms. Finally, suggestions are made for the selection of electricity market models, the security of energy supply and the design of sustainable development mechanisms for hydropower in hydropower‐rich regions such as Yunnan and Sichuan in China, with a view to providing useful references for the construction of China's electricity market.
A novel energy router based on multi‐winding line frequency transformer
Authors: Guan Zhitao , Wang Dan , Duan Qing , Mao Chengxiong , Liu Bin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnergy routers based on the electronic power transformer are suitable for the AC–DC hybrid grid with multiple voltage levels, but their structures are complex. This paper proposes a novel energy router based on the multi‐winding line frequency transformer. By a combination of a multi‐winding line frequency transformer and power electronic devices, the proposed energy router can take advantage of the high reliability of the multi‐winding line frequency transformer and the high controllability of power electronic devices. The proposed energy router is suitable for the AC–DC hybrid grid with multiple voltage levels and has the characteristic of a simple structure. The simulations and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed energy router.
A stochastic contour path finite‐difference time‐domain method for uncertainty analysis of metal slot size
Authors: Wang Xutong , Zhou Yifu , Mao Congguang , Wang Wenbing , Qin Feng , Zhao Mo , Wu Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA stochastic contour path finite‐difference time‐domain (S‐CP‐FDTD) algorithm is presented for electromagnetic wave propagation in metallic enclosures with uncertain slot size. The correlation coefficient between the field and size of slot was set to one. This new algorithm can efficiently obtain the mean and variance of the field. The simulation results indicate that the efficiency of the S‐CP‐FDTD method is much higher than that of the Monte Carlo (MC) method, that is, the S‐FDTD method only takes about 3% of the computation time of the MC method with excellent accuracy. The proposed method can be used to predict the influence of slots in metal structures with random sizes on the field.
Measurement of Breath Velocity and Volume on Speaking, and Performance of Local Exhaust System as Prevention Measure of Infection
Authors: Yoshihara Jun , Yamanaka Toshio , Kobayashi Tomohiro , Choi Narae , Kobayashi Noriaki , Zhang Ren 
Published: June 2023

This study proposes a novel approach combining a local exhaust ventilation system (LEV) and a whole underﬂoor air distribution system (WUFAD) in the consulting room. This study assumes that two persons (doctor and patient) are sitting face to face and talking without a mask in a simple room regarded as a consulting room. To model people talking, exhaled air velocity and volume from talking were required, so we estimated velocity speed using an ultrasonic anemometer and volume using a PET bag and mask. Then CFD steady analyses were carried out, setting various parameters (hood height, hood ﬂow rate, horizontal hood position, and ACH) using the breath experiment results. Capture eﬃciency and contribution distribution for the hood (SVE5: scale for ventilation eﬃciency 5) for tracer gas have been calculated. Infection risk for the doctor also has been calculated using the Wells-Riley model.
The estimation’s results showed that exhaled air velocity was 0.30m/s and volume was 5.2L/min from talking. The CFD results showed that hood flow rate significantly affected capture efficiency. SVE5 showed that ACH greatly inﬂuenced the hood’s eﬀective area. The infection risk for the doctor revealed that the combination of the LEV and WUFAD could protect doctors from infection risk under low supply conditions: 60 m3/h/person (6 ACH).
Malperfusion nach Aortendissektion - Management und Techniken
Authors: Öz Tugce , Rantner Barbara , Stana Jan , Stavroulakis Konstantinos , Peterß Sven , Pichlmaier Maximilian , Fernandez Prendes Carlota , Tsilimparis Nikolaos 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungMalperfusion stellt eine häufige Komplikation der Aortendissektion dar und erhöht die Letalität dieser tödlichen Erkrankung weiter. Eine effektive Behandlungsstrategie erfordert eine zeitnahe Diagnose anhand der Klinik und der verfügbaren Instrumente, das Verständnis des Pathomechanismus der Erkrankung und das Erkennen der leitliniengerecht empfohlenen Therapieoptionen sowie der diagnostischen und therapeutischen Innovationen des Forschungsgebiets. Die letztendliche Therapieentscheidung soll patienten- bzw. fallspezifisch gefällt werden. In dieser Arbeit haben wir die Malperfusion nach Aortendissektion nicht nur als Komplikation der Aortendissektion, sondern als eigenständiges Krankheitsbild betrachtet und wichtige Informationen zusammengefasst, die zu effizienten Therapieentscheidungen im klinischen Alltag beitragen können.
Erreichbarkeit der kardiologischen Versorgungsinfrastruktur im
Bundesland Brandenburg in Abhängigkeit des lokalen
Versorgungsbedarfs
Authors: Bergholz Andreas , Jaehn Philipp , Böckmann Robert , Reibis Rona , Spallek Jacob , Rapp Michael A. , Ritter Oliver , Demmerer Niklas , Holmberg Christine 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Im bundesweiten Vergleich weist Brandenburg eine der
höchsten Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsraten
ischämischer Herzerkrankungen auf. Die Erreichbarkeit der medizinischen
Versorgungsinfrastruktur gilt dabei als eine
Erklärungsmöglichkeit für regionale gesundheitliche
Ungleichheit. Demnach verfolgt die Studie das Ziel, die Distanzen zu
verschiedenen Versorgungsarten der kardiologischen Versorgung auf Gemeindeebene
zu berechnen und diese im Zusammenhang mit dem lokalen Versorgungsbedarf zu
betrachten.
Methodik Präventive Sportangebote, Hausärzte,
kardiologische Praxen, Krankenhäuser mit Herzkatheterlabor und
Einrichtungen ambulanter Rehabilitation wurden als wesentliche Einrichtungen
für die kardiologische Versorgung herangezogen und kartiert. Daraufhin
wurden die Distanzen über das Straßenverkehrsnetz vom
Mittelpunkt jeder Brandenburger Gemeinde zum nächsten Standort der
jeweiligen Versorgungseinrichtung berechnet und in Quintile eingeteilt. Mediane
und Interquartilsabstände des deutschen sozioökonomischen
Deprivationsindex und des Anteils der Bevölkerung über 65 Jahre
wurden als Proxys für den Versorgungsbedarf herangezogen und mit den
Distanzquintilen je Versorgungsart in Zusammenhang gesetzt.
Ergebnisse Für 60% der Brandenburger Gemeinden sind
Hausärzte innerhalb von 2,5 km, präventive Sportangebote
innerhalb von 19,6 km, kardiologische Praxen innerhalb von
18,3 km, Krankenhäuser mit Herzkatheterlabor innerhalb von
22,7 km und Einrichtungen ambulanter Rehabilitation innerhalb von
14,7 km erreichbar. Der Median des deutschen Deprivationsindexes steigt
bei allen Versorgungsarten mit zunehmender Distanz an. Der Median des Anteils
über 65-Jähriger zeigt keine nennenswerte Variation zwischen den
Distanzquintilen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse zeigen für hohe
Bevölkerungsanteile teilweise große Distanzen zu spezialisierten
kardiologischen Versorgungsangeboten, während hausärztliche
Praxen für einen hohen Anteil erreichbar scheinen. In Brandenburg
scheint eine regionale und an lokalen Bedarfen orientierte
sektorenübergreifende Versorgung notwendig.
Recent Advances in Catalysis Using Organoborane-Mediated Hydride Abstraction
Authors: Melen Rebecca L. , Morrill Louis C. , Pulis Alexander P. , Gillions Joseph P. , Elsherbeni Salma A. , Winfrey Laura , Yun Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractC–H functionalization is widely regarded as an important area in the development of synthetic methodology, enabling the design of more time- and atom-efficient syntheses. The ability of electron-deficient organoboranes to mediate hydride abstraction from α-amino C–H bonds is therefore of great interest, as the reactive iminium and hydridoborate moieties generated are able to participate in a range of synthetically useful transformations. In this review, we cover the recent advances made in organoborane-mediated hydride abstraction, and focus on the catalytic applications of electron-deficient boranes in α- or β-functionalization, α,β-difunctionalization, and the dehydrogenation of amines.1	Introduction2	α-Functionalization of Amines3	β-Functionalization of Amines4	α,β-Difunctionalization of Amines5	Dehydrogenation of Amines6	Summary and Future Prospects
Birmingham Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (BROH) Femoral Offset—An Ancillary Measure of Adult Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Fitzpatrick John D. , Michalos Michail , McBryde Callum , Politis Angelos , Bache Ed , Wall Peter , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction Adult dysplasia of the hip (ADH) is a disorder of abnormal development of the hip joint resulting in a shallow acetabulum and uncovering of the femoral head. Several radiological measurements such as the Tönnis angle (acetabular index), lateral center edge angle of Wiberg, and cross-sectional imaging parameters exist to calculate hip dysplasia.
Aims The aim of this article was to describe a new ancillary linear measure of ADH on cross-sectional imaging, the Birmingham Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (BROH) Femoral offset.
Patients and Methods Anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis and computed tomography imaging of 100 consecutive patients with suspected hip dysplasia were reviewed. Demographic details and clinical indications were recorded. Tönnis angle was utilized to measure hip slope on radiographs and the BROH femoral offset was calculated for each patient. Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. Intraclass correlation coefficient analysis was evaluated to assess the reliability between observers.
Results There was a total of 100 patients (128 hips) included in the study (60 with normal Tönnis angle, 53 had dysplasia, and 15 had decreased Tönnis angle). The average BROH femoral offset in the dysplastic cohort was increased in comparison to the normal cohort with a statistically significant p-Value of 0.0001. The p-value was 0.00031 on ANOVA. The BROH femoral offset calculation revealed good intra- and interobserver reliability of 0.9 and 0.9, respectively.
Conclusion The BROH femoral offset can be an additional index for measuring ADH that is easier to calculate, and reproducible with good intra- and inter-observer reliability on cross-sectional imaging.
Restraints Practices on Patients of the Psychiatric Wards in a Selected Hospital, Mangalore
Authors: Jayaprakash C S , Sequera Sonia Karen Liz , Battacharya Chanu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Restraints are one of the common procedures performed in various medical settings, especially intensive care units, and psychiatric wards. There are various forms of restraints, including chemical, physical, and mixed restraints. The primary reasons for using restraints are to prevent injury to the patient and others, and to reduce violent behavior in psychotic patients.
Objectives The aim of this article was to identify the types of restraints used for psychiatric patients and current restraint practices for patients in psychiatric wards of selected mental health facilities.
Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 100 psychiatric patients selected using purposive sampling techniques. An observational checklist was used to assess restraint practice in patients who met study criteria.
Results The majority of patients (44%) received chemical restraints, some (28%) received physical restraints, but a minority (28%) used mixed restraints. In terms of practice, most patients (91%) received reasonably safe restraint care. An association was found between practice of restraints and restraints type with a p-value (0.001) less than 0.05 at a significance level of 0.05.
Conclusions The development of mandatory practice protocols is critical for better nursing care.
Efficacy of Communication Skill Training on Knowledge and Skill of Nursing Students in Conveying Diagnosis to Patients with Cancer: A Pilot Study Approach
Authors: Prasad Viji , Naik Poonam , Ancheril Alphonsa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction Procuring communication skills that enable nurses to be effective yet person-centeredness is increasingly a hallmark of quality cancer care. The growing importance of patient outcomes and experiences in health care may mean that communication skill training is finally getting the attention it so clearly deserves.
Objectives The main objectives of the study were to assess the efficacy of communication skill training on knowledge and skills of nursing students in conveying diagnosis to patients with cancer.
Materials and Methods Quasi-experimental pretest–posttest with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 32 third-year BSc nursing students (intervention group, 16; control group, 16) were selected by nonprobability purposive sampling technique from two selected colleges at Mangaluru. Baseline proforma, self-administered knowledge questionnaire, and breaking bad news assessment schedule were used for data collection. Tools were validated by 11 subject experts. Communication skill training was provided for 8 hours (2 hours of theory and 6 hours of skill training on conveying diagnosis). A blinding method was adopted to assess the skill of the students that enable to avoid subjectivity.
Results The mean age of participants in the intervention group was 20.56 and of participants in the control group was 20.94. All participants (100%) of both the intervention and control groups were females. The results showed there was a significant difference found in knowledge scores (t = 8.52, p = 0.000) between the intervention and control groups after the intervention. There was a significant improvement found in conveying diagnosis skills among students between the intervention and control groups in different time periods. There was a slight positive correlation found between pretest knowledge scores and eliciting concerns domain of conveying diagnosis skill (r = 0.57, p = 0.023).
Conclusion The study results revealed that communication skill training session was very effective for improving the knowledge and skills of students, and it enables them in providing quality care to patients with cancer through effective communication.
Does Adding the Pulmonary Infarction and Right Ventricle to Left Ventricle Diameter Ratio to the Qanadli Index (A Combined Qanadli Index) More Accurately, Predict Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism?
Authors: Akhoundi Neda , Sedghian Sonia , Siami Alireza , Yazdani nia Iman , Naseri Zahra , Ghadiri Asli Seyed Mohammadsadegh , Hazara Reza 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background The Qanadli index can be used to assess the severity of pulmonary arterial involvement in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. However, it seems that considering pulmonary infarction and right ventricle/left ventricle (RV/LV) ratio along with this index (called the combined Qanadli index) can provide a more accurate view of changes in cardiovascular parameters in these patients and help predict mortality in a better manner. In this regard, we evaluated the ability of the combined Qanadli index versus the Qanadli index in predicting short-term mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism.
Methods This retrospective study enrolled 234 patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Patients were divided into two groups: those who expired in 30 days and who survived. Then they were evaluated by computed tomography angiography of pulmonary arteries. The RV/LV diameter ratio and also pulmonary artery obstruction index (PAOI) were calculated. The patient's computed tomography scans were reviewed for pulmonary infarction. By adding the RV/LV ratio and pulmonary infarction to PAOI, a new index called the modified Qanadli score was made. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was done for finding predictors of mortality.
Results Nine cases (40%) of patients in the mortality group and 42 (20%) of survivors had ischemic heart disease and the difference was significantly meaningful. The mean Qanadli index in the mortality group was 16.8 ± 8.45 and in survivors was 8.3 ± 4.2. By adding the pulmonary infarction score and PAOI score to RV/LV ratio score, the odds ratio (OR) for predicting mortality increased significantly to 13 and 16, respectively, which were significantly meaningful. Based on our findings, the highest OR for predicting short-term mortality was obtained through a combined Qanadli index (PAOI score + pulmonary infarction score + RV/LV score) that was 17 in univariable and 18 in multivariable logistic regression analysis (p-value = 0.015).
Conclusion The new combined Qanadli index has more ability than the Qanadli index and RV/LV ratio for predicting changes in cardiovascular parameters and short-term mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism.
German Heart Surgery Report 2022: The Annual Updated Registry of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Beckmann Andreas , Meyer Renate , Lewandowski Jana , Markewitz Andreas , Blaßfeld Daniela , Böning Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on a longtime voluntary registry, founded by the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (GSTCVS/DGTHG) in 1980, well-defined data of all cardiac, thoracic, and vascular surgery procedures performed in 78 German heart surgery departments during the year 2022 are analyzed. Under the decreasing interference of the worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a total of 162,167 procedures were submitted to the registry. A total of 93,913 of these operations are summarized as heart surgery procedures in a classical sense. The unadjusted in-hospital survival rate for the 27,994 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures (relationship on-/off-pump 3.2:1) was 97.5%. For the 38,492 isolated heart valve procedures (20,272 transcatheter interventions included) it was 96.9%, and for the registered pacemaker/implantable cardioverter-defibrillator procedures (19,531) 99.1%, respectively. Concerning short- and long-term circulatory support, a total of 2,737 extracorporeal life support/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantations, respectively 672 assist device implantations (L-/ R-/ BVAD, TAH) were registered. In 2022, 356 isolated heart transplantations, 228 isolated lung transplantations, and 5 combined heart-lung transplantations were performed. This annually updated registry of the GSTCVS/DGTHG represents voluntary public reporting by accumulating actual information for nearly all heart surgical procedures in Germany, constitutes advancements in heart medicine, and represents a basis for quality management for all participating institutions. In addition, the registry demonstrates that the provision of cardiac surgery in Germany is up to date, appropriate, and nationwide patient treatment is always available.
Stereotactic Radiosurgery as Treatment for Brain Metastases: An Update
Authors: Peña-Pino Isabela , Chen Clark C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a mainstay treatment option for brain metastasis (BM). While guidelines for SRS use have been outlined by professional societies, consideration of these guidelines should be weighed in the context of emerging literature, novel technology platforms, and contemporary treatment paradigms. Here, we review recent advances in prognostic scale development for SRS-treated BM patients and survival outcomes as a function of the number of BM and cumulative intracranial tumor volume. Focus is placed on the role of stereotactic laser thermal ablation in the management of BM that recur after SRS and the management of radiation necrosis. Neoadjuvant SRS prior to surgical resection as a means of minimizing leptomeningeal spread is also discussed.