bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling biotic versus abiotic processes in the development of large sulfuric-acid karsts
Authors: Laurent D. , Barré G. , Durlet C. , Cartigny P. , Carpentier C. , Paris G. , Collon P. , Pironon J. , Gaucher E.C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn carbonate rocks, natural production of sulfuric acid can form karstic cavities. Where both epigenic and hypogenic speleogeneses have taken place, these processes are challenging to constrain, especially if there is more than one source of sulfur involved. Thanks to an innovative approach coupling geomorphology with measurements of multiple sulfur, oxygen, and strontium isotopes, our study of two French Pyrenean caves quantifies the relative influence of both microbial and thermochemical processes implied in sulfuric-acid production. Multiple sulfur isotopes reveal that sulfate speleothems derived from a mixing of microbial H2S in hydrothermal water and fossil thermochemical H2S previously trapped within the cave host rock. We quantify the percentages of biotic and abiotic sulfuric-acid speleogeneses that have taken place in these caves, paving the way for similar studies of other sulfuric-acid caves where usually only microbial activity has been considered.
Slab window–related magmatism as a probe for pyroxenite heterogeneities in the upper mantle
Authors: Hole Malcolm J. , Gibson Sally A. , Morris Matthew C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
New high-precision trace-element analyses of magmatic olivines point to a pyroxenite-dominated source for recent alkali basalts erupted above slab windows formed along the Antarctic Peninsula. Melting occurred at ambient mantle temperature, and basalts have geochemical compositions that are indistinguishable from ocean-island basalts (OIBs). We propose that the pyroxenite component originally resided in the upper mantle beneath the subducted slab; formation of a slab window allowed limited decompression and the generation of melts of garnet-pyroxenite, but little or no melting of mantle peridotite. The pyroxenite component in the mantle formed ca. 550 Ma, an age that does not require long-term recycling of subducting slabs to the core-mantle boundary. Enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt (E-MORB) from the adjacent extinct Phoenix Ridge owes its enriched trace-element compositions to mixing between small melt fractions of pyroxenite and peridotite during a period of decreased spreading rate prior to the death of the ridge ca. 3.3 Ma. It is likely that the variable trace-element enrichment seen in East Pacific Rise E-MORB distal from hotspots results from the same process of interactions between small-melt-fraction (&lt;~5%) melts of pyroxenite and peridotite.
Crater formation during the onset of mud volcanism
Authors: Pryce Evan , Kirkham Chris , Cartwright Joe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional (3-D) seismic imaging was used to reveal &gt;2.5-km-wide and &gt;150-m-deep craters at the basal surface of 64 mud volcanoes out of a suite of 86, offshore Egypt. The craters were infilled soon after they formed by successive mud extrusions that combined to build mud volcanoes, as evidenced by onlap fill geometries of the earliest mud flows. We propose that the craters formed as the earliest manifestation of mud volcano formation. We infer that the energy required to excise in situ clays and sands buried and consolidated to depths over 150 m below the seafloor was provided by the highly vigorous venting of a dominantly gas and water mix during the initial eruption, in which gas column height was the critical factor. This primary phase of mud volcanism is rarely observed, and the findings presented here have significant implications for interpretations of the dynamism during this fundamental stage of mud volcano genesis.
Risk factors for ocular toxoplasmosis among uveitis patients in Kinshasa, DR Congo
Authors: Nsiangani Lusambo Nadine , Kaimbo Wa Kaimbo Dieudonné , Mumba Ngoyi Dieudonné , Akilimali Zalagile Pierre , de-la-Torre Alejandra 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo identify the risk factors associated with ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in a cohort of Congolese patients with uveitis.Methods and analysisA cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2020 and July 2021 in two ophthalmic clinics in Kinshasa. Patients with a diagnosis of uveitis were enrolled in the study. Each patient underwent an interview, an ophthalmological examination and serology testing. Logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for OT.Results212 patients were included in the study with a mean age at presentation of 42.1±15.9 years (limits: 8–74 years) and a sex ratio of 1.1:1. OT concerned 96 patients (45.3%). The age of the patients below 60 years (p=0.001, OR=9.75 CI 95% 2.51 to37.80)), the consumption of cat meat (p=0.01, OR=2.65 CI 95% 1.18 to 5.96)) and undercooked meat (p=0.044, OR=2.30 CI 95% 1.02 to 5.21)) and living in rural area (p=0.021, OR=11.4 (CI 95% 1.45 to 89.84])) were identified as risk factors for OT.ConclusionOT affects more young people. It is associated with dietary habits. Informing and educating the population is necessary to avoid infection.
Swedish Child Health Services Register: a quality register for child health services and children’s well-being
Authors: Wennergren Mattias , Berg Karin , Frisk Cavefors Ann-Sofie , Edin Helena , Ekholm Leif , Gelander Lars , Golsäter Marie , Hedman Jennie , Holmgren Anton , Karlsson Videhult Frida , Levin Anna , Silfverdal Sven Arne , Wallby Thomas , Fäldt Anna Erica 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundSwedish child health services (CHS) is a free-of-charge healthcare system that reaches almost all children under the age of 6. The aim for the CHS is to improve children’s physical, psychological and social health by promoting health and development, preventing illness and detecting emerging problems early in the child’s life. The services are defined in a national programme divided into three parts: universal interventions, targeted interventions and indicated interventions.The Swedish Child Health Services Register (BHVQ) is a national Quality Register developed in 2013. The register extracts data from the child’s health record and automatically presents current data in real time. At present, the register includes 21 variables.AimWe aim to describe data available in the BHVQ and the completeness of data in BHVQ across variables.MethodsChild-specific data were exported from the register, and data for children born in the regions were retrieved from Statistics Sweden to calculate coverage.ResultsThe register includes over 110 000 children born between 2011 and 2022 from 221 child healthcare centres in eight of Sweden’s 21 regions. In seven of the eight regions, 100% of centres report data.The completeness of data differs between participating regions and birth cohorts. The average coverage for children born in 2021 is 71%.ConclusionsThe BHVQ is a valuable resource for evaluating Child Health Services nationally, with high coverage for the youngest children. As a result of continuous improvement of the services, the possibility to follow the development of children’s health in Sweden is possible through the register. When fully expanded, the register will be a natural and essential part of developing preventive services, improving healthcare for children below 6 years of age and a tool for developing evidence-based child health interventions.
The harm principle, personal identity and identity-relative paternalism
Authors: Wilkinson Dominic 
Published: January 2023

Is it ethical for doctors or courts to prevent patients from making choices that will cause significant harm to themselves in the future? According to an important liberal principle the only justification for infringing the liberty of an individual is to prevent harm to others; harm to the self does not suffice.In this paper, I explore Derek Parfit’s arguments that blur the sharp line between harm to self and others. I analyse cases of treatment refusal by capacitous patients and describe different forms of paternalism arising from a reductionist view of personal identity. I outline an Identity Relative Paternalistic Intervention Principle for determining when we should disallow refusal of treatment where the harm will be accrued by a future self, and consider objections including vagueness and non-identity.Identity relative paternalism does not always justify intervention to prevent harm to future selves. However, there is a stronger ethical case for doing so than is often recognised.
EyeG2P: an automated variant filtering approach improves efficiency of diagnostic genomic testing for inherited ophthalmic disorders
Authors: Lenassi Eva , Carvalho Ana , Thormann Anja , Abrahams Liam , Arno Gavin , Fletcher Tracy , Hardcastle Claire , Lopez Javier , Hunt Sarah E , Short Patrick , Sergouniotis Panagiotis I , Michaelides Michel , Webster Andrew , Cunningham Fiona , Ramsden Simon C , Kasperaviciute Dalia , Fitzpatrick David R ,   Genomics England Research Consortium, Black Graeme C , Ellingford Jamie M 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundGenomic variant prioritisation is one of the most significant bottlenecks to mainstream genomic testing in healthcare. Tools to improve precision while ensuring high recall are critical to successful mainstream clinical genomic testing, in particular for whole genome sequencing where millions of variants must be considered for each patient.MethodsWe developed EyeG2P, a publicly available database and web application using the Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor. EyeG2P is tailored for efficient variant prioritisation for individuals with inherited ophthalmic conditions. We assessed the sensitivity of EyeG2P in 1234 individuals with a broad range of eye conditions who had previously received a confirmed molecular diagnosis through routine genomic diagnostic approaches. For a prospective cohort of 83 individuals, we assessed the precision of EyeG2P in comparison with routine diagnostic approaches. For 10 additional individuals, we assessed the utility of EyeG2P for whole genome analysis.ResultsEyeG2P had 99.5% sensitivity for genomic variants previously identified as clinically relevant through routine diagnostic analysis (n=1234 individuals). Prospectively, EyeG2P enabled a significant increase in precision (35% on average) in comparison with routine testing strategies (p<0.001). We demonstrate that incorporation of EyeG2P into whole genome sequencing analysis strategies can reduce the number of variants for analysis to six variants, on average, while maintaining high diagnostic yield.ConclusionAutomated filtering of genomic variants through EyeG2P can increase the efficiency of diagnostic testing for individuals with a broad range of inherited ophthalmic disorders.
Influence of carvedilol and thyroid hormones on inflammatory proteins and cardioprotective factor HIF-1α in the infarcted heart
Authors: Ortiz Vanessa Duarte , Teixeira Rayane Brinck , Türck Patrick , Corssac Giana Blume , Belló-Klein Adriane , de Castro Alexandre Luz , Araujo Alex Sander da Rosa 
Published: January 2023

Inflammatory pathways of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and NLRP3 inflammasome contribute to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pathophysiology. The hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), however, is a key transcription factor related to cardioprotection. This study aimed to compare the influence of carvedilol and thyroid hormones (TH) on inflammatory and HIF-1α proteins and on cardiac haemodynamics in the infarcted heart. Male Wistar rats were allocated into five groups: sham-operated group (SHAM), infarcted group (MI), infarcted treated with the carvedilol group (MI + C), infarcted treated with the TH group (MI + TH), and infarcted co-treated with the carvedilol and TH group (MI + C + TH). Haemodynamic analysis was assessed 15 days post-AMI. The left ventricle (LV) was collected for morphometric and Western blot analysis. The MI group presented LV systolic pressure reduction, LV end-diastolic pressure elevation, and contractility index decrease compared to the SHAM group. The MI + C, MI + TH, and MI + C + TH groups did not reveal such alterations compared to the SHAM group. The MI + TH and MI + C + TH groups presented reduced MyD88 and NLRP3 and increased HIF-1α levels. In conclusion, all treatments preserve the cardiac haemodynamic, and only TH, as isolated treatment or in co-treatment with carvedilol, was able to reduce MyD88 and NLRP3 and increase HIF-1α in the infarcted heart.
Line graphs associated to Von Neumann regular graphs of rings
Authors: Boro Laithun , Singh Madan Mohan 
Published: January 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring with unity. Taloukolaei and Sahebi [Von Neumann regular graphs associated with rings, Discrete Math. Algorithms Appl. 10(3) (2018) 1850029, doi:10.1142/S1793830918500295] introduced the Von Neumann regular graph [Formula: see text] of a ring [Formula: see text] whose vertices are the elements of [Formula: see text] and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text] is a Von Neumann regular element of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we investigate and determine some graph theoretic properties of the line graph [Formula: see text] associated to [Formula: see text]. We give some characterization results regarding the completeness, bipartiteness, traversability, diameter and girth. We also prove Beck’s conjecture for [Formula: see text]. Finally we characterize rings having the planarity, the outerplanarity and also being the ring graph of the line graphs associated to Von Neumann regular graphs [Formula: see text] of rings.
Promising Future of PRP Treatment for Ovarian Rejuvenation: An In-House Experience of an IVF Institute
Authors: Patel Nayana H. , Patel Niket H. , Patel Molina N. , Bhadarka Harsha K. , Thakkar Harmi R. 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Over the past few years platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been shown to have beneficial effects on various organs and sites in the human body. Its effect on restoration of tissue engineering has gained tremendous popularity. Its effect in the field of reproductive medicine only got implemented in last decade. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we observed 84 cases of ovarian rejuvenation at a fertility clinic from the year 2016 to 2019, out of which 45 were done for the indication of primary ovarian insufficiency for females that fall in the category 3 and 4 of Poseidon criterion. We did an autologous PRP ovarian treatment for each participant. The primary outcome was achieving a biological pregnancy after the procedure. Results: Out of 45 patients in the present study, 27 had achieved biological pregnancy, of which Eight were natural pregnancies, and the remaining 19 had received IVF or IUI as a fertility treatment. Out of these 27 biological pregnancies, 20 patients had a live birth, one had an ectopic pregnancy, and six had miscarriages. Conclusions: The process of autologous intraovarian treatment with PRP definitely helped patients with diminished ovarian reserve to conceive their own genetic offsprings, whose otherwise best option would have been to go through a donor egg program. Hence, PRP definitely deserves a place in the field of reproductive medicine to combat the condition of premature ovarian failure.
Comprehensive ctDNA Measurements Improve Prediction of Clinical Outcomes and Enable Dynamic Tracking of Disease Progression in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Lapin Morten , Edland Karin H. , Tjensvoll Kjersti , Oltedal Satu , Austdal Marie , Garresori Herish , Rozenholc Yves , Gilje Bjørnar , Nordgård Oddmund 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurpose:Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising tumor-specific biomarker in pancreatic cancer, but current evidence of the clinical potential of ctDNA is limited. In this study, we used comprehensive detection methodology to explore the utility of longitudinal ctDNA measurements in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.Experimental Design:A targeted eight-gene next-generation sequencing panel was used to detect point mutations and copy-number aberrations (CNA) in ctDNA from 324 pre-treatment and longitudinal plasma samples obtained from 56 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. The benefit of ctDNA measurements to predict clinical outcome and track disease progression was assessed.Results:We detected ctDNA in 35/56 (63%) patients at baseline and found that it was an independent predictor of shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). After initiation of treatment, ctDNA levels decreased significantly before significantly increasing by the time of progression. In some patients, ctDNA persistence was observed after the first chemotherapy cycles, and it was associated with rapid disease progression and shorter OS. Longitudinal monitoring of ctDNA levels in 27 patients for whom multiple samples were available detected progression in 19 (70%) patients. The median lead time of ctDNA measurements on radiologically determined progression/time of death was 19 days (P = 0.002), compared with 6 days (P = 0.007) using carbohydrate antigen 19–9.Conclusions:ctDNA is an independent prognostic marker that can be used to detect treatment failure and disease progression in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Risk of hospitalization associated with different constellations of home & community based services
Authors: Van Cleve Raymond , Cole Evan , Degenholtz Howard B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIdentify the association between specific combinations of home and community-based services (HCBS) and risk of acute hospitalization.MethodsData for this study came from Pennsylvania Medicaid claims and Medicare records. This was a retrospective, observational cohort study that examined hospitalization, HCBS service use and patient characteristics between July, 2014 and December, 2016. This analysis compared risk of inpatient hospitalization risk for community dwelling disabled older adults using a range of Medicaid financed HCBS. Twelve constellations of HCBS were identified representing different combinations of common services (personal assistive services [PAS], delivered meals, and adult day care). Since HCBS users are not randomly assigned to different combinations of services, we used logistic regression to estimate the predicted probability of experiencing hospitalization conditional on the constellation of services, and adjusting for demographics, health and level of disability.ResultsThe most common constellation was people who used under four hours of PAS per person per day. This group experienced a hospitalization rate of 13.7%. however, those individuals receiving more than 4 h per person per day experienced only a 10.2% hospitalization rate. Similar trends were seen for people who used PAS in combination with home delivered meals. However, those who used adult day care experienced higher hospitalization rates as the number of hours of personal assistive service increased: increasing from 6.8% among those with under 4 h, to 8.6% among those with 8 or more hours per person per day.ConclusionUsing medium and high levels of PAS was associated with lower hospitalization risk for people who PAS alone or in combination with delivered meals. By contrast, higher levels of PAS was associated with increased hospitalization for adult day users (both alone or in combination). Policy makers should consider offering higher levels of PAS to offset potential risk of hospitalization. Future research is needed to explain the association between adult day care and risk.
A systematic review of the health effects of yoga for people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia
Authors: Karamacoska Diana , Tan Tiffany , Mathersul Danielle C. , Sabag Angelo , de Manincor Michael , Chang Dennis , Steiner-Lim Genevieve Z. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Yoga is a mind-body practice that can elicit robust health and wellbeing effects for older adults. As a result, there is increased public and academic interest into the potential benefits of yoga for older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

Methods
Literature searches in five databases (CENTRAL, PubMed and EBSCOHost indexing CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection) were conducted from the databases’ date of inception through to 4 September 2020 to identify pre-post single and multigroup studies of yoga-based interventions involving people with MCI or dementia. Effects on cognitive, mental, and physical health were evaluated, as was safety and study quality.

Results
Database searches identified 1431 articles. Of these, 10 unique studies met inclusion criteria (total 421 participants). Four studies each implemented Kundalini yoga and chair yoga, while two employed Hatha yoga. Most programs ran for 12 weeks (n = 5) and compared yoga to a control group (n = 5). Most studies reported improved cognition, mood, and balance. However, these effects were marred by the high risk of bias identified in all articles. Four studies assessed safety, with one instance of dizziness reported.

Conclusions
In this emerging field, these studies show that yoga may be safe and beneficial for the wellbeing of people with MCI or dementia. More high quality randomised controlled trials are needed to improve the evidence-base and overcome the limitations of existing studies.
Trending prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in a tertiary hospital in China during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rong Rong , Lin Lanxi , Yang Yongjie , Zhao Shumin , Guo Ruiling , Ye Junpeng , Zhu Xinghua , Wen Qiong , Liu Dayue 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate both the four-year prevalence trend of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in a large tertiary hospital and the trend regarding the prevalence of HAIs following the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in order to provide evidence of hospital infection management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Based on the hospital’s electronic nosocomial infection databases related to HAIs, we retrospectively identified the HAI cases to assess the epidemiological characteristics of HAIs from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, in a large tertiary hospital in China. Similarly, the trends of HAIs after the COVID-19 outbreak and the seasonal variation of HAIs were further analyzed.

Results
The HAI cases (n = 7833) were identified from the inpatients (n = 483,258) during the 4 years. The most frequently occurring underlying cause of HAIs was respiratory tract infections (44.47%), followed by bloodstream infections (11.59%), and urinary tract infections (8.69%). The annual prevalence of HAIs decreased from 2.39% in 2018 to 1.41% in 2021 (P = 0.032), with the overall prevalence of HAIs significantly decreasing since the outbreak of COVID-19 (2.20% in 2018–2019 vs. 1.44% in 2020–2021, P < 0.001). The prevalence of respiratory tract infections decreased most significantly; whereas, overall, the prevalence of HAIs was significantly greater during the winter compared with the rest of the year.

Conclusions
Not only did the annual prevalence of HAIs decrease from 2018 to 2021, but it also significantly decreased since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly respiratory tract infections. These results provide evidence for the need to prevent HAIs, especially during the winter season.