bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uniform Densification of Garnet Electrolyte for Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Guo Zhihao , Li Qihou , Li Xinhai , Wang Zhixing , Guo Huajun , Peng Wenjie , Li Guangchao , Yan Guochun , Wang Jiexi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHighly uniformly dense garnet type solid‐state electrolyte plays a significant role in determining the performance of solid‐state lithium batteries. Herein, a rational powder‐covering sintering strategy is proposed and demonstrated, in which narrow‐particle‐size‐distribution fine powder and uniform sintering temperature distribution are considered as very significant factors. It is suggested that powder materials with wider particle size distribution dramatically decrease the densified level of electrolytes. Slow temperature elevating rate and the overhead structure of bearing table are found to be beneficial to uniform densification. Moreover, the uniform densification process of sintering solid‐state electrolyte is studied both microscopically and macroscopically, which can be divided into three phases according to the grain growing evolution and linear shrinkage patterns. The ionic conductivity of the as‐prepared Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) garnet electrolyte is determined to be 0.73 mS cm−1 at 303 K with an activation energy of 0.37 eV. The Li/LLZTO/Li symmetric cell exhibits a small interfacial impedance of 8.49 Ω cm2 and a high apparent critical current density of 2.15 mA cm−2 and also can be cycled for 1000 h continuously without short‐circuit. Such results indicate the good feasibility of as‐proposed sintering strategy to prepare uniformly dense garnet type solid‐state electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries.
Current Advances in Design of Starch‐Based Superabsorbent Polymers and Their Removal of Typical Pollutants from Tannery Wastewater
Authors: Tan Qiong , Chen Hui , Chang Haiqing , Woo Meng Wai , Liu Wentao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the vigorous development of the leather industry, the environmental pollution problem originating from tannery wastewater is becoming increasingly serious, which can be solved by using advanced adsorption technology. As a biodegradable natural biomaterial, starch has a wide range of sources and has gradually become one of the best choices for preparing superabsorbent polymers. The excellent characteristics of starch‐based superabsorbent polymer make it widely applied in wastewater treatment. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of starch‐based superabsorbent polymer in recent years by removing metal ions and typical organic compounds from tannery wastewater. Firstly, the synthesis methods and characteristics of starch‐based superabsorbent polymers are discussed. Secondly, the main factors influencing the adsorption performance of starch‐based superabsorbent polymer have been introduced. Thirdly, the present situation of treating tannery wastewater with starch‐based superabsorbent polymer is summarized. Finally, some problems existing in the practical application of starch‐based superabsorbent polymer are proposed. Although starch‐based superabsorbent polymer shows excellent adsorption properties, there remain several issues such as recycling that needed to be addressed. This review is of benefit for the high‐value utilization of starch‐based superabsorbent polymers in reducing environmental pollution caused by tannery wastewater.
Proteomic analysis of near‐isogenic lines reveals key biomarkers on wheat chromosome 4B conferring drought tolerance
Authors: Nouraei Sina , Mia Md Sultan , Liu Hui , Turner Neil C. , Khan Javed M. , Yan Guijun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrought is a major constraint for wheat production that is receiving increased attention due to global climate change. This study conducted isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteomic analysis on near‐isogenic lines to shed light on the underlying mechanism of qDSI.4B.1 quantitative trait loci (QTL) on the short arm of chromosome 4B conferring drought tolerance in wheat. Comparing tolerant with susceptible isolines, 41 differentially expressed proteins were identified to be responsible for drought tolerance with a p‐value of < 0.05 and fold change >1.3 or <0.7. These proteins were mainly enriched in hydrogen peroxide metabolic activity, reactive oxygen species metabolic activity, photosynthetic activity, intracellular protein transport, cellular macromolecule localization, and response to oxidative stress. Prediction of protein interactions and pathways analysis revealed the interaction between transcription, translation, protein export, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism as the most important pathways responsible for drought tolerance. The five proteins, including 30S ribosomal protein S15, SRP54 domain‐containing protein, auxin‐repressed protein, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and an uncharacterized protein with encoding genes on 4BS, were suggested as candidate proteins responsible for drought tolerance in qDSI.4B.1 QTL. The gene coding SRP54 protein was also one of the differentially expressed genes in our previous transcriptomic study.
New insights on wind turbine wakes from large‐eddy simulation: Wake contraction, dual nature, and temperature effects
Authors: Wu Sicheng , Archer Cristina L. , Mirocha Jeffrey D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLarge‐eddy simulation (LES) has been adopted to study wind turbine wakes because it can capture fine‐scale details of turbulent wind flows and interactions with wind turbines. Here, we use the LES version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with an actuator disk model to gain insights on several wake effects that have been traditionally difficult to measure. The first finding is that the wake has a “dual nature,” meaning that the wind speed deficit behaves differently from the added turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and the two are not co‐located in space. For example, the wind speed deficit peaks at hub height and reaches the ground within 8D (D is the rotor diameter), but added TKE peaks near the rotor tip and generally remains aloft. Second, temperature changes near the ground are driven by the added TKE in the rotor area and by atmospheric stability. The combination of these two factors determines the sign and intensity of the vertical heat flux divergence below the rotor, with convergence and warming associated with stable conditions and weak divergence and modest cooling with unstable conditions. Third, wakes do not expand indefinitely, as suggested by similarity theory applied to the wind speed deficit, but eventually stop expanding and actually contract, at different rates depending on atmospheric stability. The implication of these findings is that, in order to study wakes, it is not sufficient to focus on wind speed deficit alone, because TKE is also important and yet behaves differently from the wind speed deficit.
Quantification in Galenic Medicine
Authors: Hollerbach Teresa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe central theme of this chapter is to identify and explore various forms of quantification in the medical tradition, on which Sanctorius might possibly have drawn for his quantitative approach to physiology. First, I address theories and practices connected to dietetics and pharmacology as well as the Galenic concept of a latitude of health, which assumed a certain graduation of the state of health. Second, I reconsider the relation of Sanctorius’s work to two earlier authors who are commonly associated with Sanctorius and his static medicine: the Alexandrian physician Erasistratus (third century BCE) and the German cardinal and scholar Nicolaus Cusanus (1401–1464). Both were early proponents of quantitative approaches to medical problems. Third, I outline instances of quantitative physiological reasoning in Galen’s work as well as in the works of Renaissance scholars, and I analyze their possible connection to Sanctorius.
The Measuring Instruments
Authors: Hollerbach Teresa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs the title suggests, this chapter deals with the most famous of the devices which Sanctorius developed to measure and to quantify physiological change: pulsilogia, thermoscopes, hygrometers, and balances. Having attracted considerable scholarly attention, they form the backbone of the narrative that identifies Sanctorius as a great innovator, who founded a new medical science, a science to which mechanization, measurement, and numerical values were integral. The findings of the foregoing chapters allow us now to go beyond this selective account of Sanctorius and his works and to reevaluate his celebrated measuring instruments and their use from a closer perspective. To this end, I explore their design and basic functioning, the contexts in which they emerged, how Sanctorius possibly used them, and what precisely they measured. In this connection, I also analyze two steelyards for the measurement of climatic conditions which have hitherto been largely ignored, thereby covering the whole range of Sanctorius’s measuring instruments. Moreover, I present the results of my reconstruction of the Sanctorian weighing chair and the attendant replication of his experimental practice, and thereby show how this approach opened up new perspectives on Sanctorius’s works, his doctrine of static medicine, and the function and purpose of his weighing chair.
Chiral approach to partially-massless fields
Authors: Basile Thomas , Dhasmana Shailesh , Skvortsov Evgeny 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We propose a new (chiral) description of partially-massless fields in 4d, including the partially-massless graviton, that is similar to the pure connection formulation for gravity and massless higher spin fields, the latter having a clear twistor origin. The new approach allows us to construct complete examples of higher spin gravities with (partially-)massless fields that feature Yang-Mills and current interactions.
Enhanced neutrino polarizability
Authors: Bansal S. , Paz G. , Petrov A. A. , Tammaro M. , Zupan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe point out that neutrinos can have enhanced couplings to photons, if light (pseudo)scalar mediators are present, resulting in a potentially measurable neutrino polarizability. We show that the expected suppression from small neutrino masses can be compensated by the light mediator mass, generating dimension 7 Rayleigh operators at low scales. We explore the rich phenomenology of such models, computing in detail the constraints on the viable parameter space, spanned by the couplings of the mediator to neutrinos and photons. Finally, we build several explicit models that lead to an enhanced neutrino polarizability by modifying the inverse see-saw majoron, i.e., the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson of the U(1)Lglobal lepton number responsible for generating small neutrino masses.
Neutrino mass and mixing models with eclectic flavor symmetry ∆(27) ⋊ T′
Authors: Ding Gui-Jun , King Stephen F. , Li Cai-Chang , Liu Xiang-Gan , Lu Jun-Nan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Kähler potentials of modular symmetry models receive unsuppressed contributions which may be controlled by a flavor symmetry, where the combination of the two symmetry types is referred to as eclectic flavor symmetry. After briefly reviewing the consistency conditions of eclectic flavor symmetry models, including those with generalised (g)CP, we perform a comprehensive bottom-up study of eclectic flavor symmetry models based on Ω(1) ≅ ∆(27) ⋊ T′, consisting of the flavor symmetry ∆(27) in a semi-direct product with the modular symmetry T′. The modular transformations of different ∆(27) multiplets are given by solving the consistency condition. The eight nontrivial singlets of ∆(27) are related by T′ modular symmetry, and they have to be present or absent simultaneously in any Ω(1) model. The most general forms of the superpotential and Kähler potential invariant under Ω(1) are discussed, and the corresponding fermion mass matrices are presented. Based on the eclectic flavor group Ω(1), two concrete lepton models which can successfully describe the experimental data of lepton masses and mixing parameters are constructed. For the two models without gCP, all six mixing parameters vary in small regions. A nearly maximal atmospheric mixing angle θ23 and Dirac CP phase δCP are obtained in the first model. After considering the compatible gCP symmetry and the assumption of $$ \mathfrak{R}\tau $$
R
τ
= 0 in the first model, the μ − τ reflection symmetry is preserved in the charged lepton diagonal basis. As a consequence, the atmospheric mixing angle and Dirac CP phase are predicted to be maximal, and two Majorana CP phases are predicted to be π.
Electroweak precision test of axion-like particles
Authors: Aiko Masashi , Endo Motoi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study the contributions of an axion-like particle to the electroweak precision observables. The particle is assumed to couple with the standard model electroweak gauge bosons. We provide the formulae of the contributions valid for any mass of the axion-like particle. It is found that the effects arise not only via the oblique S and U parameters but also via radiative corrections to the gauge couplings. Besides, the decay of Z → aγ affects the total width of the Z boson. All of those contributions are considered simultaneously in the global fit analysis of the electroweak precision observables. Also, we discuss the recent CDF result of the W-boson mass measurement. Since the model is tightly constrained by flavor and collider constraints, it is found that the discrepancy from the standard model prediction is solved only when the axion-like particle is heavier than 500 GeV and its coupling to di-photon is suppressed.
A new experimental setup for studying ants and similar-sized insects
Authors: Pedraza L. , Heinze J. , Dussutour A. , Bernadou A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLaboratory studies on insects face the dual challenge of maintaining organisms under artificial conditions, and in reduced spaces while mimicking the species’ ecological requirements as much as possible. Over decades, myrmecologists have developed and continuously improved laboratory methods and artificial nests for rearing ants. However, the setups commonly used to house colony fragments of few individuals or even isolated individuals present disadvantages such as insufficient ventilation, difficult access to specific workers, and problems with water delivery. Here, we developed and tested a new setup for keeping ants or similar sized insects in small groups. The setup consisted of a Petri dish containing a piece of plaster connected underneath to a water tank by a sponge. The sponge is immersed in the water on one side and embedded in the plaster on the other side, maintaining the plaster permanently moist and thus offering a water source to the ants. We tested the setup with two ant species of different sizes, Platythyrea punctata and Cardiocondyla obscurior in feeding, starvation, and desiccation conditions. Our results showed that our new setup worked equally well for both species in all conditions in comparison to a more conventional setup with the advantage of reducing maintenance costs and ant manipulation, but also preventing death by drowning and offering water ad libitum. The setup was quick to build, with cheap and reusable materials for further experiments. Therefore, we are confident that it will facilitate future studies on isolated or small groups of individuals and that such a standardized setup will make future studies more comparable.
Questions on cardinal invariants of Boolean algebras
Authors: Santos Mario Jardón 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the book Cardinal Invariants on Boolean Algebras by J. Donald Monk many such cardinal functions are defined and studied. Among them several are generalizations of well known cardinal characteristics of the continuum. Alongside a long list of open problems is given. Focusing on half a dozen of those cardinal invariants some of those problems are given an answer here, which in most of the cases is a definitive one. Most of them can be divided in two groups. The problems of the first group ask about the change on those cardinal functions when going from a given infinite Boolean algebra to its simple extensions, while in the second group the comparison is between a couple of given infinite Boolean algebras and their free product.
A highlight on carbamazepine-induced adverse drug reactions in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective medical records-based study
Authors: Sukkarieh Hatouf H. , Khokhar Ayesha A. , Bustami Rami T. , Karbani Gulsan A. , Alturki Fatimah A. , Alvi Syed N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe link between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and carbamazepine-induced cutaneous, respiratory, and gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions (ADR) has created a window of opportunity for preventing certain forms of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs); however, there is not enough data to make pharmacogenomic recommendations that can be implemented globally. The aim of this study is to assess and document carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions among prescribed Saudi/non-Saudi patients. A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who received carbamazepine (CBZ) in the period between 2016 and 2020, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were gathered and descriptive statistical analyses were performed on the data for the study sample. Comparisons were made using the chi-square test or independent samples’ t-test. Statistical significance was considered at p < .05. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 21.0 (Armonk, NY; IBM Corp). Results from multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that higher likelihood of carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions was significantly associated with younger age, OR = 0.82, 95% CI (0.74, 0.90); p < 0.001. Patients who were prescribed CBZ for reasons other than epilepsy or seizures were significantly more likely to develop carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions (epilepsy vs. other; OR = 0.63, p = 0.013; seizures vs. other; OR = 0.59, p = 0.018). Gender or medication duration were not related to carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions (p > 0.05). The findings of this study are comparable with those of other studies assessing carbamazepine-associated adverse reactions in children and adults. Recommendations include genetic prescreening, educating patients and parents on the possibility of adverse reactions, and routine laboratory monitoring.
Haemosporidian blood parasites of passerine birds in north-western Siberia
Authors: Yusupova Dina A. , Schumm Yvonne R. , Sokolov Aleksandr A. , Quillfeldt Petra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHost–parasite interactions include effects on both proximate and ultimate levels: parasite infections affect individual’s fitness and play a significant role in shaping the life history of host species. Global environmental changes as well as significant shifts in abiotic factors might impact the dynamics of parasite–host interactions, especially in Arctic regions, where the climate is changing at an alarming rate. With global warming, parasites and their vectors are predicted to spread to polar latitudes, and it is crucial to follow the changes occurring in the ecosystems in the era of global changes. We studied blood parasites (Haemosporidae) of passerine birds (Passeriformes: Aves) in southwest Yamal (north-western Siberia) using genetic and morphological methods. We found an overall parasite prevalence of 76.3%, with highest values for Leucocytozoon (72.0%) and lower values for Parahaemoproteus and Plasmodium (8.9 and 8.2%, respectively). We determined 26 genetic lineages in total, five of them were novel. The most common parasite lineages were TRPIP2 (18%), BT1 (14%), novel ACAFLA06 (13%), BT2 (7%), novel ACAFLA07 (6%), BT4 (5%) for Leucocytozoon; SISKIN1 (4%) for Parahaemoproteus; TURDUS1 (4%) for Plasmodium. For redpoll (Acanthis flammea), brambling (Fringilla montifringilla), bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) and little bunting (Emberiza pusilla) overall prevalence exceeded 90%. We also found significant differences in prevalence and lineage composition between sample sites, species and sexes, and a positive correlation between number of infections and host body mass. Our study provides knowledge about haemosporidian infections in the region, which had been barely studied for blood parasites. Gathered information is essential for the future monitoring and assessing potential shifts due to global change.
The ideal intravitreal injection setting: office, ambulatory surgery room or operating theatre? A narrative review and international survey
Authors: Veritti Daniele , Sarao Valentina , Chhablani Jay , Loewenstein Anat , Lanzetta Paolo ,   Società Italiana della Retina (SIR) Study Group, Bandello Francesco , Midena Edoardo , Nicolò Massimo , Parravano Mariacristina , Pilotto Elisabetta , Ricci Federico , Staurenghi Giovanni , Virgili Gianni ,   Intravitreal Injection Setting Study Group (I2SG), Arnold Jennifer J. , Augustin Albert J. , Creuzot-Garcher Catherine , Adrian Monica Lövestam , Mekjavić Polona Jaki , Patel Praveen J. , Rodriguez Francisco J. , Schumann Ricarda , Sharma Ashish , Silva Rufino , Zarranz-Ventura Javier 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study reviews evidence and provides recommendations for the ideal setting of intravitreal injection (IVI) administration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.

Methods
A multi-step approach was employed, including content analysis of regulations and guidelines, a systematic literature review, and an international survey assessing perioperative complications and endophthalmitis incidence in relation to injection settings. The literature review searched PubMed and Cochrane databases from 2006 to 2022, focusing on studies reporting correlations between complications and treatment settings. The survey utilized a web-based questionnaire distributed to clinical sites and the international ophthalmic community, with data managed using electronic capture tools.

Results
We reviewed regulations and guidelines from 23 countries across five continents, finding significant variation in IVI administration settings. In most countries, IVI is primarily administered in outpatient clean rooms (96%) or offices (39%), while in others, it is restricted to ambulatory surgery rooms or hospital-based operating theatres (4%). The literature review found that endophthalmitis risk after IVI is generally low (0.01% to 0.26% per procedure), with no significant difference between office-based and operating room settings. The international survey (20 centers, 96,624 anti-VEGF injections) found low overall incidences of severe perioperative systemic adverse events and endophthalmitis, independent of injection settings.

Conclusion
No significant differences in perioperative complications were observed among various settings, including operating theatres, ambulatory surgery rooms, offices, hospitals, or extra-hospital environments. Choosing the appropriate clinical setting can optimize patient management, potentially increasing effectiveness, quality, productivity, and capacity.