bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the overall route to sub-routes relating to phase-shifting behavior in a complex reaction mechanism
Authors: Rehman Anees Ur , Shahzad M. , Mustafa Soma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
On both microscopic and macroscopic domains, the phase-shifting behavior of a complex reaction mechanism can be simulated by separating it into two or more routes. A complex reaction mechanism, the oxidation of carbon monoxide over platinum, was particularly chosen to compare the behavior of the overall mechanism to its sub-routes. The solution trajectories and the steady state behavior were observed on the microscopic level while the model reduction techniques: the Intrinsic Low Dimensional Manifold (ILDM) and the Spectral Quasi Equilibrium Manifold (SQEM) were applied to get macroscopic solutions. These model reduction techniques were implemented algorithmically to study two-dimensional invariant surfaces and to provide extensive route-wise comparisons.
A tension spline fitted numerical scheme for singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problem with negative shift
Authors: Ejere Ababi Hailu , Duressa Gemechis File , Woldaregay Mesfin Mekuria , Dinka Tekle Gemechu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: A numerical scheme is developed and analyzed for a singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problem with a negative shift. The influence of the perturbation parameter exhibits boundary layers at the two ends of the domain, and the negative shift causes a strong interior layer. The rapidly changing behavior of the solution in the layers brings significant difficulties in solving the problem analytically. The problem is treated by proposing a numerical scheme using the implicit Euler method in the temporal direction and the spline tension method in the spatial direction with uniform meshes.
Result: Error estimate is investigated for the developed numerical scheme. The scheme is demonstrated by numerical examples. The theoretical and numerical results show that the method is uniformly convergent.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 65M06; secondary 65M12,
65M15
Multi-Parameter surface plasmon resonance instrument for multiple nucleic acid quantitative detection
Authors: Wang Huixiang , Wang Honggang , Huang Yafeng , Zhang Hao , Yang Zhenwei , Chen Yuanyuan , Qiu Xianbo , Yu Duli , Zhang Lulu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a low-cost multi-parameter surface plasmon resonance (SPR) instrument is designed for the detection of nucleic acids with a functional biosensor. The photodiode array is used as the photodetector of the sensing system, which is cooperated with the linear light source, prism, and mechanical transmission system to form an integrated opto-mechatronic system. An adaptive threshold correction algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of inconsistent responsivity of each pixel of the photodiode array. The sensitivity of the instrument is 6.75×10-6 refractive index unit, measured with various concentrations of glycerol solution. Multiplex nucleic acid hybridization takes 30 minutes, and the biosensor can be regenerated over 50 times, with low-performance loss and good repeatability and specificity. The instrument has a limit of detection (LODs) of 50nM for target oligonucleotides, and the smallest detectable absolute amount of the sample is about 4 pmol. It provides a simple and efficient POCT detection platform for the detection of small molecules such as DNA and miRNA.
Comparison of Acute and Chronic Stage Ischemic Stroke Metabolome with Controls
Authors: Sidorov Evgeny V. , Rout Madhusmita , Xu Chao , Larsen Jordan , Fields Evan , Apple Blair , Smith Kyle , Gordon David , Chainakul Juliane , Sanghera Dharambir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS), a major cause of disability, was previously associated with multiple metabolomic changes, but many findings were contradictory. Case-control and longitudinal study designs could have played a role in that. To clarify metabolomic changes, we performed a simultaneous comparison of ischemic stroke metabolome in acute, chronic stages of stroke and controls.
Methods
Through the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) platform, we evaluated 271 serum metabolites from a cohort of 297 AIS patients in acute and chronic stages and 159 controls. We used Sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) to evaluate group disparity; multivariate regression to compare metabolome in acute, chronic stages of stroke and controls; and mixed regression to compare metabolome acute and chronic stages of stroke. We applied false discovery rate (FDR) to our calculations.
Results
The sPLS-DA revealed separation of the metabolome in acute, chronic stages of stroke and controls. Regression analysis identified 38 altered metabolites. Ketone bodies, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), energy, and inflammatory compounds were elevated in the acute stage, but declined in the chronic stage, often to the same levels as in controls. Levels of other amino acids, phosphatidylcholines, phosphoglycerides, and sphingomyelins mainly did not change between acute and chronic stages, but was different comparing to controls.
Conclusion
Our pilot study identified metabolites associated with acute stage of ischemic stroke and those that are altered in stroke patients comparing to controls regardless of stroke acuity. Future investigation in a larger independent cohort is needed to validate these findings.
Examining the hysteresis loop of the SS316L U-shaped pipe considering ratcheting behavior
Authors: Shahrjerdi Ali 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The current study examines the effect of ratcheting in U-shaped SS316L pipe under constant internal pressure and cyclic bending force on its fatigue life. For this purpose, empirical tests are performed using Zwick/Roell Amsler HB100 servohydraulic device. The tests have a pre-ratcheting stage of 400 cycles with different internal pressure, amplitude, and average bending force. The force-displacement hysteresis loops were obtained for each test. Notably, the specimens with equal internal pressure, mean force, and a higher force range tolerates more displacements. Besides, the the loops are created with a larger area and the high strain tolerance. In other words, more displacements are created and the increase of force amplitude results in strains in the initial cycles and moves the material towards hardening faster which is associated with the reduction of the displacement length. The specimen with equal internal pressure and force range, increasing the average force causes expansion of hysteresis loops and acceleration of hardening of the material, and the length of displacement zone decreases. The hysteresis diagrams indicate that increasing the force range has a greater effect on the hardening of the material than increasing the average force. It was found that samples with a higher force range and average force in the pre-ratcheting stage will have a higher fatigue life. Also, the effect of increasing the force amplitude on increasing the fatigue life is more than the average force. The obtained results of this study are beneficial to those aming to advance in the mechanical field and ratcheting.
Early pilot direct injection and external homogeneous charge preparation techniques in NOx reduction using a HCCI engine with stoichiometric diesel/waste plastic pyrolysis oil blends
Authors: R Jyothu Naik. , K Thirupathi Reddy.K , Sulakhe Vishal Narayanrao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper presents the external homogeneous charge preparation (EHCP) is an important and best charge preparation technique for reducing oxides of nitrogen and soot emissions. In this method, the injector is to be found at the intake manifold, Hence the fuel travels along with the air owing the suction stroke. Experiments were carried out in a computerized 4-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine that was converted into HCCI mode. In this experiment, we use diesel, bio-diesel plastic oil as fuel mixing blends (WPPO 20% by volume) of biodiesel. The experimental result found that the cylinder peak pressure and heat release rate obtained were 38.18% and 24.46% for plastic oil 20. External homogeneous charge preparation plastic oil 20% blend has 37% higher brake thermal efficiency than early pilot direct injection D100 at full load. On other hand drastically reduction of NOx and smoke opacity by 32.77%, 30.74%.
Mini Vs Standart Pnl in the Management of Complex Renal Stones in Children: is the Role of Standard Pnl Over?
Authors: Guzel Rasim , Mousawi Shabir Al , Ozcan Tolga , Eryildirim Bilal , Sarica Kemal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mini vs Standard PNL in the management of large calculi in children.
Patients and Methods:
A total of 64 pediatric cases with large stones underwent either mini-PNL (Group 1, n = 42) or standard PNL procedure (Group 2, n = 22) for the minimal invasive management of these calculi. Pre-intra and post operative data were analyzed in a comparative manner.
Results
A total of 64 children (40 boys, 24 girls) with an overall mean age 9.78 ± 4.2 months were included in this study. The overall mean burden of the stones was 168.64 ± 14.4 mm2. While a 17 Fr rigid pediatric nephroscope with a laser or pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy were used through 20–22 Fr sheath for mini PNL procedure, 26 Fr nephroscope with a pneumatic intracorporeal lithotripsy were used through 30 Fr sheath for standard PNL procedures. Stone-free rates were 88.1% and 86.3% in Group 1 and 2 respectively after 1 day. Mean operative time was similar in both groups and average hospitalization time was longer in cases undergoing standard-PNL. While the mean hemoglobin drop was 0.52 ± 0.1 g/dl in Group 1, this value was 1.34 ± 0.4 g/dl in standard PNL group. No major complication was observed in both groups.
Conclusions
Although pediatric miniaturized PNL systems are performed with safe and effective outcomes with complex stones; standard PNL may also be a rational option in selected cases where these systems and expertise are not available. Additionally number of punctures could be limited with the application of large bore tracts.
Socio-demographic and clinical determinants of quality of life among tuberculosis patients in Ghana: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Djochie Richard Delali Agbeko , Anto Berko Panyin , Opare-Addo Mercy Naa Aduele 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis affects patients' health-related quality of life because of its symptoms, prolonged duration of treatment and associated stigma. By identifying patients at greater risk of poor quality of life, interventional measures could be implemented to improve the health-related quality of life, medication adherence rates and treatment success for holistic patient care. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the quality of life of tuberculosis patients at baseline and its changes with treatment and to investigate the relationship between the quality of life and socio-demographic and clinical variables.
Methods
A prospective cohort study of newly diagnosed active tuberculosis patients was conducted between January 2021 and June 2022. The short-form 12 version 2 (SF12v2) questionnaire was administered at baseline, and follow-up was done at the end of the intensive phase and end of treatment to assess participants' health-related quality of life at each stage of treatment. Higher physical and mental component summary scores indicate better quality of life. To identify independent relationships with quality of life, a logistic regression model was performed.
Results
At the start of treatment, 78.8% of participants had a physical impairment, while 25.7% were at risk of depression. Even though the quality of life improved with treatment, 59.5% of participants still had a physical impairment, and 15.5% were depressed at the end of treatment. Alcohol use (p = 0.03) and HIV infection (p = 0.021) reduced mental health at baseline. Predictors of physical impairment at the end of therapy include age > 45 years (p = 0.044), female gender (p = 0.01), unemployment (p = 0.009), pulmonary TB (p = 0.001) and starting HIV treatment before TB (p = 0.002). There was a clinically significant improvement in the physical component summary score (3.3) but not in mental health (1.7).
Conclusion
Tuberculosis significantly affects patients’ quality of life even after completing treatment. Identifying patients who are at greater risk and instituting preventive measures could improve their quality of life for holistic care.
Analyze of thermal performance and thermal stress and distribution on inverted solar cavity receiver
Authors: Deyhim Salar , Çolak Üner 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Concentrated solar thermal is a beneficial tool to generate high quality heat and power with high efficiency. Air cavity receivers are used for achieve high temperature in solar applications. Conical inverted cavity receiver was studied numerically. Working fluid was considered air with laminar flow characteristics. Outer surface was subjected to constant heat flux and inner surface was insulated. The numerical model was validated with numerical and experimental data present in the literature. At the optical view point inverted cavity was compared with normal position one, inverted conical cavity receiver was beneficial. The proportion of used radiation from the receiver, which outer surface is expose to sunlight, is significantly higher than normal conical cavity. Inverted conical cavity receiver has 7.46% higher Nusselt number performs at the Reynolds number of 500. On the other hand, Nu has increased 28.89% when the Reynolds number was 2100. The centrifugal forces more influential at the outer surface, the speed of flow at the outer surface is 2 to 3 times higher than that for the inner surface. Heat distribution in inverted conical cavity receiver is significantly more uniform than conical cavity receiver with normal orientation.
Aplikasi BETA (Belajar dari Peta): Media Edukasi Doa-Doa Harian Siswa SD Kelas Rendah
Authors: Aeni Ani Nur , Erlina Tiara , Dewi Diana Puspita , Hadi Fakhri Luqman , Ramadhani Safitri 
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dampak yang ditimbulkan pada siswa dalam memanfaatkan Aplikasi BETA sebagai media edukasi belajar dan menghafal doa-doa harian Islam. Studi penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian DD. Sasaran dalam dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa sekolah dasar kelas rendah. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru kelas rendah guru PAI, dan siswa kelas rendah. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data, reduksi data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hafalan doa-doa harian siswa meningkat dengan menggunakan. Dengan demikian, Aplikasi BETA berbasis android dapat menjadi alternatif belajar doa-doa harian siswa secara mandiri. Keuntungan yang diperoleh siswa dengan memanfaatkan Aplikasi BETA untuk belajar dan menghafal doa-doa harian yaitu: dapat dibawa ke mana saja karena terdapat di dalam gawai; dapat digunakan setiap saat dengan mudah; mengarahkan penggunaan gawai ke arah yang bermanfaat; lebih praktis dalam menemukan materi yang dibutuhkan secara cepat; meningkatkan motivasi belajar, menghafal, serta mengamalkan doa-doa harian karena dapat diakses dengan mudah; dapat mengefektifkan waktu; banyak warna dan gambar serta ikonnya menarik; hemat kuota internet dan hemat ruang penyimpanan pada perangkat (gawai). The purpose of this study was to examine the impact on students in utilizing the BETA application as an educational medium for learning and memorizing Islamic daily prayers. This research study is qualitative in nature using the DD research method. The target in this research is elementary school students of low grade. The subjects of this study were low grade PAI teachers, and low grade students. Data analysis techniques were carried out by collecting data, reducing data, and verifying data. The results showed that the memorization of students' daily prayers increased by using . Thus, the Android-based BETA application can be an alternative to learning students' daily prayers independently. The advantages that students get by using the BETA Application to learn and memorize daily prayers are: (1) it can be taken anywhere because it is in the device, (2) it can be used at any time easily, (3) directs the use of the device in the right direction. that are useful, (4) more practical in finding the required material quickly, and (5) increasing motivation to learn, memorize, and practice daily prayers because they can be accessed easily. In addition, using the BETA Application can save time; lots of attractive colors and images and icons; save internet quota and save storage space on your device.
Pengaruh Kreativitas Guru dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri di Kecamatan Wanea
Authors: Mangangantung Jeanne M. , Wentian Selti , Rorimpandey Widdy H.F. 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kreativitas guru dan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 5 Sekolah Dasar Negeri di kecamatan Wanea Kota Manado dengan jumlah responden 44 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Probabiity Sampling. Teknik yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui validitas tiap (item) adalah teknik korelasi product moment. Uji reliabilitas dilakukan terhadap item-item yang sudah teruji validitasnya, Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat pengaruh signifikan kreativitas guru terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas V SD Negeri di Kecamatan Wanea. Berdasarkan nilai t diketahui nilai t hitung 3.371 2.019 t tabel dengan demikian variabel Kreativitas guru (X1) berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa (Y); (2) terdapat pengaruh signifikan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas V SD Negeri di Kecamatan Wanea. Berdasarkan nilai t diketahui nilai t hitung 3.217 2.019 t tabel. Dengan demikian, variabel motivasi belajar siswa (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa (Y); (3) terdapat pengaruh signifikan kreativitas guru dan motivasi belajar siswa secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas V SD Negeri di Kecamatan Wanea. Nilai korelasi hubungan (R) sebesar 0.482 dari output tersebut diperoleh koefisien determinan (R square) sebesar 0 .232. Hal ini berarti bahwa 23.2% hasil belajar Matematika siswa dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel motivasi belajar siswa sedangkan sisanya, yaitu 76.8% dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel lain.
Avaliação da Aprendizagem no Ensino a Distância Online
Authors: Espirito Santo Eniel , Cardoso Ariston de Lima , Santos Adilson Gomes dos 
Published: January 2023

A modernidade líquida, agravada pelos cruéis impactos da pandemia Covid-19, impôs enormes desafios à práxis educativa em todos os níveis de ensino, pois os professores foram arremessados para os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem que requerem estratégias pedagógicas coerentes com o ciberespaço. No contexto do ensino a distância, a utilização reflexiva das interfaces e tecnologias digitais potencializam o processo da mediação pedagógica, resultando em novas maneiras de ensinar e aprender. Neste sentido, amiúde são realizados questionamentos relativos ao processo de avaliação da aprendizagem nos ambientes virtuais, tendo em vista que a mera transposição das estratégias utilizadas na modalidade presencial não apresenta resultados satisfatórios no ensino a distância. Neste estudo, temos como objetivo discutir os principais pressupostos teóricos relacionados com a avaliação da aprendizagem no contexto do ensino a distância, relacionando-os com a proposta metodológica de avaliação da aprendizagem recomendada pelo Modelo Pedagógico Virtual da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB). Constitui-se em uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, operacionalizada por meio de um estudo de caso realizado na UFRB. Concluímos que a avaliação da aprendizagem no ensino a distância, realizada com o suporte das tecnologias digitais, pressupõe elevado nível de retroalimentação, visando o engajamento dos estudantes em seu processo de autoaprendizagem e reavaliação da práxis educativa docente. Ademais, requer a utilização de variado leque de instrumentos avaliativos, a fim de possibilitar a coleta de informações sobre o nível de aprendizagem alcançado pelo aluno e, sobretudo, do desenvolvimento das competências preconizadas pelo curso, ou componente curricular, bem como aquelas demandadas tanto pelo mundo do trabalho como pela sociedade hiperconectada em que estamos inseridos.
The Effectiveness of a Web-Based Application for a Balanced Diet and Healthy Weight Among Indonesian Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Koeryaman Mira Trisyani , Pallikadavath Saseendran , Ryder Isobel Helen , Kandala Ngianga 
Published: January 2023

Background
Pregnant women have self-declared that they have difficulties in estimating nutrient intakes. The Nutrition Information System for Indonesian Pregnant Women (SISFORNUTRIMIL) application was created as a dietary assessment and calorie-counting tool to guide pregnant women to eat the right portion sizes for each meal.

Objective
The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the SISFORNUTRIMIL application in helping users achieve a balanced diet and healthy maternal weight gain in comparison to nonusers in Indonesia.

Methods
First-pregnancy women in the second trimester aged 19-30 years (N=112) participated in the randomized controlled trial. Recruited women who were eligible and consented to participate in the study were allocated into the intervention group, or application user (n=56), and the control group, or application nonuser (n=56). The intervention recommended that pregnant women consume at least 5 food groups and calculate a recommended average portion size for 12 weeks. Both groups were self-monitored and recorded their intake in food records for 3 days every week. The dietary diversity consumed, macro- and micronutrient intake, and maternal weight gain were assessed pre- and postintervention. Data were collected three times during the intervention. Diversity food consumption was measured by the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of reproductive age. Furthermore, the Indonesian recommended dietary allowances were used to refer to and validate appropriate energy and nutrient amounts. Independent sample t test was used to compare differences between the intervention and control groups.

Results
The mean dietary diversity score for the application user group (7.79, SD 1.20) was significantly greater than for the application nonuser group (7.02, SD 1.39; adjusted mean difference 0.77, 95% CI 0.28-1.25; d=0.28; P=.005). Macro- and micronutrient intake was significantly more in accordance with the dietary recommendations for the user group compared to the control group, including an energy daily intake of 156.88 kcal (95% CI 114.52-199.23; d=–1.39; P=.002), 102.43 g of carbohydrates (95% CI –125.2 to –79.60; d=–1.68; P=.02), 14.33 g of protein (95% CI 11.40-17.25; d=1.86; P<.001), and 10.96 g of fat (95% CI –13.71 to –8.20; d=–1.49; P<.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly higher intake of daily vitamins and minerals in the intervention group than in the control group. Other results showed that maternal weight gain in the intervention group was in accordance with the parameters of healthy weight gain.

Conclusions
Recording food intake using the application was significantly effective in improving the dietary diversity consumed, improving adequate energy and nutrient intake, and producing healthy maternal weight during pregnancy.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN42690828; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN42690828