bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis BBX14 negatively regulates nitrogen starvation‐ and dark‐induced leaf senescence
Authors: Buelbuel Selin , Sakuraba Yasuhito , Sedaghatmehr Mastoureh , Watanabe Mutsumi , Hoefgen Rainer , Balazadeh Salma , Mueller‐Roeber Bernd 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYSenescence is a highly regulated process driven by developmental age and environmental factors. Although leaf senescence is accelerated by nitrogen (N) deficiency, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we reveal that BBX14, a previously uncharacterized BBX‐type transcription factor in Arabidopsis, is crucial for N starvation‐induced leaf senescence. We find that inhibiting BBX14 by artificial miRNA (amiRNA) accelerates senescence during N starvation and in darkness, while BBX14 overexpression (BBX14‐OX) delays it, identifying BBX14 as a negative regulator of N starvation‐ and dark‐induced senescence. During N starvation, nitrate and amino acids like glutamic acid, glutamine, aspartic acid, and asparagine were highly retained in BBX14‐OX leaves compared to the wild type. Transcriptome analysis showed a large number of senescence‐associated genes (SAGs) to be differentially expressed between BBX14‐OX and wild‐type plants, including ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) which regulates N signaling and leaf senescence. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) showed that BBX14 directly regulates EIN3 transcription. Furthermore, we revealed the upstream transcriptional cascade of BBX14. By yeast one‐hybrid screen and ChIP, we found that MYB44, a stress‐responsive MYB transcription factor, directly binds to the promoter of BBX14 and activates its expression. In addition, Phytochrome Interacting Factor 4 (PIF4) binds to the promoter of BBX14 to repress BBX14 transcription. Thus, BBX14 functions as a negative regulator of N starvation‐induced senescence through EIN3 and is directly regulated by PIF4 and MYB44.
Prevalence of antibodies toToxocara canisand its associated risk factors in socio‐economically deprived nomadic communities of Pakistan
Authors: Awais Mian Muhammad , Zahoor Seemab , Akhtar Masood , Anwar Muhammad Irfan , Shirwany Abdul Sammad Ali Khan , Ali Muhammad Amjad , Bhatti Muhammad Sibtain , Razzaq Abdul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractToxocariasis is an important zoonotic disease caused byToxocara(T.)caniswith considerably higher prevalence in developing countries. The data on its epidemiology, especially in socioeconomically deprived nomadic communities, are scarce in Pakistan. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of anti‐T. canisantibodies and its associated risk factors in nomadic communities located in and around Multan, Pakistan. A total of 184 sera samples were collected from nomadic communities by simple random sampling technique. The descriptive epidemiological data of participants were collected on well‐designed questionnaires. Prior consent was also obtained from the participants to use the data generated from their samples without showing their identity. All the samples were analysed for the detection of anti‐T. canisantibodies using commercially available Enzyme‐Linked‐Immunosorbent‐Assay (ELISA) kits having 91% sensitivity and 96% specificity (Bordier Affinity Products, Switzerland). The overall seroprevalence of toxocariasis among nomadic communities was 27.7% (51/184). Various factors, including age, known disease history, nutritional status, contact with dogs, practice of hand washing after contact with dogs, use of unwashed vegetables, body mass index, and drug abuse, showed significant correlation (p < 0.05) with toxocariasis in nomadic communities. Conversely, other factors, including gender, marital status, educational status, awareness about zoonotic diseases, source of drinking water, occupation, location, hand washing before taking food, exposure to soil, and hygienic eating behaviour, showed non‐significant correlation (p > 0.05) with seroprevalence of toxocariasis. Results also showed that >50% of seropositive cases were asymptomatic, whereas cough and abdominal pain were recorded in 19.6% and 11.76% of seropositive cases, respectively. Keeping in view, it is suggested to conduct surveys at mass level to rule out the exact disease status at national level and to include nomadic communities in local, national, and regional disease control programs through provision of better healthcare facilities and awareness about the disease.
The Curvature, Collagen Network Structure, and Their Relationship to the Pressure-Induced Strain Response of the Human Lamina Cribrosa in Normal and Glaucoma Eyes
Authors: Czerpak Cameron A. , Ling Yik Tung Tracy , Jefferys Joan L. , Quigley Harry A. , Nguyen Thao D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The lamina cribrosa (LC) is a connective tissue in the optic nerve head (ONH). The objective of this study was to measure the curvature and collagen microstructure of the human LC, compare the effects of glaucoma and glaucoma optic nerve damage, and investigate the relationship between the structure and pressure-induced strain response of the LC in glaucoma eyes. Previously, the posterior scleral cups of 10 normal eyes and 16 diagnosed glaucoma eyes were subjected to inflation testing with second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of the LC and digital volume correlation (DVC) to calculate the strain field. In this study, we applied a custom microstructural analysis algorithm to the maximum intensity projection of SHG images to measure features of the LC beam and pore network. We also estimated the LC curvatures from the anterior surface of the DVC-correlated LC volume. Results showed that the LC in glaucoma eyes had larger curvatures p≤0.03), a smaller average pore area (p = 0.001), greater beam tortuosity (p &lt; 0.0001), and more isotropic beam structure (p = 0.01) than in normal eyes. The difference measured between glaucoma and normal eyes may indicate remodeling of the LC with glaucoma or baseline differences that contribute to the development of glaucomatous axonal damage.
Impact of Indenter Size and Microrelief Anisotropy on the Tribological Behavior of Human Skin
Authors: Diosa Juan G. , Moreno Ricardo , Chica Edwin L. , Buganza-Tepole Adrian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Everyday, we interact with screens, sensors, and many other devices through contact with the skin. Experimental efforts have increased our knowledge of skin tribology but are challenged by the fact that skin has a complex structure, undergoes finite deformations, has nonlinear material response, and has properties that vary with anatomical location, age, sex, and environmental conditions. Computational models are powerful tools to dissect the individual contribution of these variables to the overall frictional response. Here, we present a three-dimensional high-fidelity multilayer skin computational model including a detailed surface topography or skin microrelief. Four variables are explored: local coefficient of friction (COF), indenter size, mechanical properties of the stratum corneum, and displacement direction. The results indicate that the global COF depends nonlinearly on the local COF, implying a role for skin deformation on the friction response. The global COF is also influenced by the ratio of the indenter size to the microrelief features, with larger indenters smoothing out the role of skin topography. Changes in stiffness of the uppermost layer of skin associated with humidity have a substantial effect on both the contact area and the reaction forces, but the overall changes in the COF are small. Finally, for the microrelief tested, the response can be considered isotropic. We anticipate that this model and results will enable the design of materials and devices for a desired interaction against skin.
In Vitro Thrombogenicity Testing of Biomaterials in a Dynamic Flow Loop: Effects of Length and Quantity of Test Samples
Authors: Jamiolkowski Megan A. , Golding Madelyn D. , Malinauskas Richard A. , Lu Qijin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The results of in vitro dynamic thrombogenicity testing of biomaterials and medical devices can be significantly impacted by test conditions. To develop and standardize a robust dynamic in vitro thrombogenicity tool, the key test parameters need to be appropriately evaluated and optimized. We used a flow loop test system previously developed in our laboratory to investigate the effects of sample length and the number of samples per test loop on the thrombogenicity results. Porcine blood heparinized to a donor-specific target concentration was recirculated at room temperature through polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing loops containing test materials for 1 h at 200 mL/min. Four test materials (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), latex, PVC, and silicone) with various thrombotic potentials in two sample lengths (12 and 18 cm) were examined. For the 12-cm long materials, two different test configurations (one and two samples per loop) were compared. Thrombogenicity was assessed through percent thrombus surface coverage, thrombus weight, and platelet count reduction in the blood. The test system was able to effectively differentiate the thrombogenicity profile of the materials (latex &gt; silicone &gt; PVC ≥ PTFE) at all test configurations. Increasing test sample length by 50% did not significantly impact the test results as both 12 and 18 cm sample lengths were shown to equally differentiate thrombotic potentials between the materials. The addition of a second test sample to each loop did not increase the test sensitivity and may produce confounding results, and thus a single test sample per loop is recommended.
Sugarcane mosaic virus reduced bacterial diversity and network complexity in the maize root endosphere
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Cui Xin , Wang Xinhai , Shen Cheng , Ji Lingfei , Zhang Min , Wong Ming Hung , Zhang Jin , Shan Shengdao 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) causes mosaic disease in crops such as maize and sugarcane by its vector—an aphid—and is transmitted top-down into the root system. However, understanding of the effects of the aphid-borne virus on root-associated microbes after plant invasion remains limited. The current project investigated maize root-associated (rhizosphere and endosphere) bacterial communities, potential interspecies interaction, and assembly processes in response to SCMV invasion based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. SCMV was detected in the roots 9 days after inoculation, and leaf mosaic and chlorosis appeared. The SCMV invasion markedly reduced the α-diversity of endosphere bacteria compared with uninoculated controls (Mock). The connectivity and complexity of the bacterial co-occurrence network in the root endosphere decreased after SCMV invasion, implying that the plant virus may alter root endophyte-microbial interactions. Moreover, a signature that deviates more from stochastic processes was observed in virus-infected plants. Unexpectedly, the rhizosphere bacterial communities were rarely affected by the viral invasion. This study lays the foundation for elucidating the fate of the microbial component of the plant holobiont following aphid-borne virus exposure.

IMPORTANCE
Biotic (e.g., soil-borne viruses) stress can alter root-associated bacterial communities, essential in maintaining host plant growth and health. However, the regulation of root-associated microorganisms by plant viruses from shoots is still largely unknown. Our results show that plant virus invasion leads to reduced and simpler inter-microbial communication in the maize endosphere. In addition, stochastic processes act on bacterial community assembly in both rhizosphere and endosphere, and bacterial communities in virus-invaded plant endosphere tend to shift toward deterministic processes. Our study highlights the negative effects of plant viruses on root endophytes from the microbial ecology perspective, which may be microbially mediated mechanisms of plant diseases.
Menopausal hormone therapy and dementia: nationwide, nested case-control study
Authors: Pourhadi Nelsan , Mørch Lina S , Holm Ellen A , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Meaidi Amani 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the association between use of menopausal hormone therapy and development of dementia according to type of hormone treatment, duration of use, and age at usage.

Design
Nationwide, nested case-control study.

Setting
Denmark through national registries.

Participants
5589 incident cases of dementia and 55 890 age matched controls were identified between 2000 and 2018 from a population of all Danish women aged 50-60 years in 2000 with no history of dementia or contraindications for use of menopausal hormone therapy.

Main outcome measures
Adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for all cause dementia defined by a first time diagnosis or first time use of dementia specific medication.

Results
Compared with people who had never used treatment, people who had received oestrogen-progestin therapy had an increased rate of all cause dementia (hazard ratio 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.17 to 1.33)). Increasing durations of use yielded higher hazard ratios, ranging from 1.21 (1.09 to 1.35) for one year or less of use to 1.74 (1.45 to 2.10) for more than 12 years of use. Oestrogen-progestin therapy was positively associated with development of dementia for both continuous (1.31 (1.18 to 1.46)) and cyclic (1.24 (1.13 to 1.35)) regimens. Associations persisted in women who received treatment at the age 55 years or younger (1.24 (1.11 to 1.40)). Findings persisted when restricted to late onset dementia (1.21 (1.12 to 1.30)) and Alzheimer’s disease (1.22 (1.07 to 1.39)).

Conclusions
Menopausal hormone therapy was positively associated with development of all cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, even in women who received treatment at the age of 55 years or younger. The increased rate of dementia was similar between continuous and cyclic treatment. Further studies are warranted to determine whether these findings represent an actual effect of menopausal hormone therapy on dementia risk, or whether they reflect an underlying predisposition in women in need of these treatments.
Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin for children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ren Xiangge , Zhang Miaomiao , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhao Peidong , Zhai Wensheng 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a first-line treatment for children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, the cost of IVIg is high. Higher doses of IVIg are associated with a more insupportable financial burden to paediatric patients’ families and may produce more adverse reactions. Whether low-dose IVIg can quickly stop bleeding and induce a durable response in treating children with newly diagnosed ITP is not yet established.Methods and analysisWe will extensively search five English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang and VIP). International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov will also be searched as supplementary. Randomised controlled trials and prospective observational studies compared the efficacy of low-dose IVIg and high-dose or moderate-dose IVIg will be included. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients achieving durable response. Estimates of effect will be pooled with either a random-effect model or a fixed-effect model according to the heterogeneity of studies. If significant heterogeneity exists, we will conduct subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis to explore the source of heterogeneity and evaluate the robustness of the results. Publication bias will also be assessed, if possible. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tools. The certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required since this systematic review is based on previously published studies. The findings of this study will be presented at international conferences or published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022384604.
Association between medical complications according to continuity of care and medication adherence in patients with hypertension in Korea: a national population-based cohort study
Authors: Kim Dayea , Cha Jaewoo 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo analyse the differences in hypertensive complications according to continuity of care (COC) and medication adherence in patients with hypertension.DesignA national population-based retrospective cohort study.SettingSecondary data analysis using National insurance claims data at all levels of hospitals in South Korea.ParticipantsA total of 102 519 patients diagnosed with hypertension were included in this study.Primary outcome measuresThe levels of COC and medication adherence were estimated within the initial 2 years of the follow-up period, and the incidence of medical complications was estimated within the subsequent 16 years. We used the level of COC to measure COC and the medication possession ratio (MPR) to measure medication adherence.ResultsThe average level of COC in the hypertension group was 0.8112. The average proportion of the MPR in the hypertension group was 73.3%. COC in patients with hypertension showed varying results: the low COC group had a 1.14-fold increased risk of medical complications compared with the high COC group. In terms of the level of MPR in patients with hypertension, the 0%–19% MPR group had a 1.5-fold risk of medical complications relative to the 80%–100% MPR group.ConclusionsIn patients with hypertension, high COC and medication adherence for the first 2 years of diagnosis can help prevent medical complications and promote patients’ health. Therefore, effective strategies to improve COC and medication adherence are required. Future research should include some factors that may affect the incidence of hypertensive complications, such as familial aggregation, and hazard stratification by the level of blood pressure, which were not considered in this study. Therefore, there may be residual confounding and still room for improvement.
Parental detection of neonatal jaundice using a low-cost colour card: a multicentre prospective study
Authors: Xue Guochang , Zhang Huali , Ding Xuexing , Xiong Fu , Liu Yanhong , Peng Hui , Wang Changlin , Zhao Yi , Yan Huili , Ren Mingxing , Ma Chaoying , Lu Hanming , Li Yanli , Meng Ruifeng , Xie Lingjun , Chen Na , Cheng Xiufang , Wang Jiaojiao , Xin Xiaohong , Wang Ruifen , Jiang Qi , Zhang Yong , Liang Guijuan , Li Yuanzheng , Kang Jianing , Zhang Huimin , Zhang Yinying , Yuan Yuan , Li Yawen , Su Yinglin , Liu Junping , Duan Shengjie , Liu Qingsheng , Wei Jing 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSince most infants are usually discharged before age 48–72 hours, peak bilirubin levels will almost always occur after discharge. Parents may be the first to observe the onset of jaundice after discharge, but visual assessment is unreliable. The jaundice colour card (JCard) is a low-cost icterometer designed for the assessment of neonatal jaundice. The objective of this study was to evaluate parental use of JCard to detect jaundice in neonates.MethodsWe conducted a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study in nine sites across China. A total of 1161 newborns ≥35 weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study. Measurements of total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels were based on clinical indications. The JCard measurements by parents and paediatricians were compared with the TSB.ResultsJCard values of parents and paediatricians were correlated with TSB (r=0.754 and 0.788, respectively). The parents’ and paediatricians’ JCard values 9 had sensitivities of 95.2% vs 97.6% and specificities of 84.5% vs 71.7% for identifying neonates with TSB ≥153.9 µmol/L. The parents’ and paediatricians’ JCard values 15 had sensitivities of 79.9% vs 89.0% and specificities of 66.7% vs 64.9% for identifying neonates with TSB ≥256.5 µmol/L. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of parents for identifying TSB ≥119.7, ≥153.9, ≥205.2, and ≥256.5 µmol/L were 0.967, 0.960, 0.915, and 0.813, respectively, and those of paediatricians were 0.966, 0.961, 0.926 and 0.840, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.933 between parents and paediatricians.ConclusionThe JCard can be used to classify different levels of bilirubin, but it is less accurate with high bilirubin levels. The JCard diagnostic performance of parents was slightly lower than that of paediatricians.
Rapid weight loss can increase the risk of acute kidney injury in wrestlers
Authors: Trivic Tatjana , Roklicer Roberto , Zenic Natasa , Modric Toni , Milovancev Aleksandra , Lukic-Sarkanovic Mirka , Maksimovic Nemanja , Bianco Antonino , Carraro Attilio , Drid Patrik 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveRestrictive diets, forced starvation or voluntary weight loss are attracting more and more attention from scientists. Overall trends show that about 80% of combat sports athletes use specific methods of reducing body mass. Rapid weight loss could be a risk factor for kidney-related adverse outcomes. This study aimed to examine the impact of high-intensity specific training combined with rapid weight loss in the first and without rapid weight loss in the second phases on body composition and biochemical markers of kidney function.MethodsThe study was conducted on 12 male wrestlers. Kidney function markers were measured, including blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, uric acid and serum Cystatin-C. Alterations in analysed markers were noted in both phases of the research.ResultsAccording to the data, a significant increase was noted in blood urea nitrogen (p=0.002), uric acid (p=0.000) and serum creatinine (p=0.006) during the first phase in comparison with the second phase. The levels of serum Cystatin-C were slightly elevated after both phases compared with the initial measurement.ConclusionIt is evident that high-intensity specific training combined with rapid weight loss significantly affects the increase in kidney function markers compared with identical training without rapid weight loss. The findings in this study suggest that rapid body mass reduction is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury in wrestlers.