bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐performance countercurrent membrane purification for host cell protein removal from monoclonal antibody products
Authors: Mohammadzadehmarandi Aylin , Determan Amy , Krumm Christian , McIntosh Lucas D. , Zydney Andrew L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe transition to continuous biomanufacturing has led to renewed interest in alternative approaches for downstream processing of monoclonal antibody (mAb) products. In this study, we examined the potential of using high‐performance countercurrent membrane purification (HPCMP) for the removal of host cell proteins (HCPs) derived from Chinese Hamster Ovary cells in the purification of a mAb. Initial studies used several model proteins to identify appropriate operating conditions for the hollow fiber membrane modules. HPCMP was then used for mAb purification, with mAb yield >95% and more than 100‐fold reduction in HCP. Stable operation was maintained for 48 h for feeds that were first prefiltered through the 3MTM Harvest RC chromatographic clarifier to remove DNA and other foulants. In addition, the Process Mass Intensity for HPCMP can be much less than that for alternative HCP separation processes. These results highlight the potential of using HPCMP as part of a fully continuous mAb production process.
A project‐oriented biochemistry laboratory for protein engineering and structure–function using small laccase enzyme from Streptomyces coelicolor
Authors: Van Wieren Arie , Colen Philip , Majumdar Sudipta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn understanding of structure–function relationships in proteins is essential for modern biochemical studies. The integration of common freely accessible bioinformatics tools available online with the knowledge of protein‐engineering tools provide a fundamental understanding of the application of protein structure–function for biochemical research. In order for students to apply their prior knowledge of recombinant protein technology into the understanding of protein structure–function relationships, we developed a semester‐long project‐oriented biochemistry laboratory experience that is the second laboratory course of a series. For easier integration of knowledge and application, we organized this course into four sequential modules: protein structure visualization/modification, mutagenesis target identification, site‐directed mutagenesis, and mutant protein expression, purification, and characterization. These tasks were performed on the protein small laccase (SLAC) that was cloned and characterized by students in the previous semester during the first biochemistry laboratory course of the series. This goal‐oriented project‐based approach helped students apply their prior knowledge to newly introduced techniques to understand protein structure–function relationships in this research‐like laboratory setting. A student assessment before and after the course demonstrated an overall increase in learning and enthusiasm for this topic.
Prangos ferulacea (L.) ameliorates behavioral alterations, hippocampal oxidative stress markers, and apoptotic deficits in a rat model of autism induced by valproic acid
Authors: Saadat Maryam , Taherian Abbas Ali , Aldaghi Mohammad Reza , Raise‐Abdullahi Payman , Sameni Hamid Reza , Vafaei Abbas Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) may enhance the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. This study investigated the effect of Prangos ferulacea (L.) on behavioral alterations, hippocampal oxidative stress markers, and apoptotic deficits in a rat model of autism induced by valproic acid.MethodsPregnant rats received VPA (600 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) or saline on gestational day 12.5 (E 12.5). Starting from the 30th postnatal day (PND 30), the pups were i.p. administered Prangos ferulacea (PF, 100 and 200 mg/kg), or the vehicle, daily until PND 58. On PND 30 and 58, various behavioral tasks were used to evaluate pups, including the open field, elevated plus‐maze, hot‐plate, and rotarod test. On PND 65, the animals were euthanized, and their brains were removed for histopathological and biochemical assay.ResultsPrenatal exposure to VPA caused significant behavioral changes in the offspring, reversed by administering an extract of Prangos ferulacea (L.). Additionally, prenatal VPA administration resulted in increased levels of malondialdehyde and deficits in antioxidant enzyme activities in the hippocampus, including catalase and glutathione, ameliorated by PF. Likewise, postnatal treatment with PF improved VPA‐induced dysregulation of Bax and Blc2 in the hippocampus and reduced neuronal death in CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that postnatal administration of PF can prevent VPA‐induced ASD‐like behaviors by exhibiting antiapoptotic and antioxidant properties. Therefore, PF may have the potential as an adjunct in the management of ASD.
Remote limb ischemic postconditioning inhibits microglia pyroptosis by modulating HGF after acute ischemia stroke
Authors: Yu Lu , Zhang Zuohui , Chen Hao , Wang Miao , Mao Wenqi , Hu Jinxia , Zuo Dandan , Lv Bingchen , Wu Weifeng , Qi Suhua , Cui Guiyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe repetitive inflation–deflation of a blood pressure cuff on a limb is known as remote limb ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC). It prevents brain damage induced by acute ischemia stroke (AIS). Pyroptosis, executed by the pore‐forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD), is a type of regulated cell death triggered by proinflammatory signals. It contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury. However, the effects of RIPostC on pyroptosis following AIS remain largely unknown. In our study, linear correlation analysis confirmed that serum GSDMD levels in AIS patients upon admission were positively correlated with NIHSS scores. RIPostC treatment significantly reduced GSDMD level compared with patients without RIPostC at 3 days post‐treatment. Besides, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery was performed on C57BL/6 male mice and RIPostC was induced immediately after MCAO. We found that RIPostC suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome to reduce the maturation of GSDMD, leading to decreased pyroptosis in microglia after AIS. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was identified using the high throughput screening. Importantly, HGF siRNA, exogenous HGF, and ISG15 siRNA were used to reveal that HGF/ISG15 is a possible mechanism of RIPostC regulation in vivo and in vitro.
Interstitial lung abnormalities after hospitalization for COVID‐19 in patients with cancer: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Noh Sungryong , Bertini Christopher , Mira‐Avendano Isabel , Kaous Maryam , Patel Bela , Faiz Saadia A. , Shannon Vickie R. , Balachandran Diwakar D. , Bashoura Lara , Adachi Roberto , Evans Scott E. , Dickey Burton , Wu Carol , Shroff Girish S. , Manzano Joanna‐Grace , Granwehr Bruno , Holloway Shannon , Dickson Kodwo , Mohammed Alyssa , Muthu Mayoora , Song Hui ,   D3CODE Team, Chung Caroline , Wu Jia , Lee Lyndon , Jiang Ying , Khawaja Fareed , Sheshadri Ajay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionSurvivors of SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia often develop persistent respiratory symptom and interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) after infection. Risk factors for ILA development and duration of ILA persistence after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection are not well described in immunocompromised hosts, such as cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 95 patients at a major cancer center and 45 patients at a tertiary referral center. We collected clinical and radiographic data during the index hospitalization for COVID‐19 pneumonia and measured pneumonia severity using a semi‐quantitative radiographic score, the Radiologic Severity Index (RSI). Patients were evaluated in post‐COVID‐19 clinics at 3 and 6 months after discharge and underwent comprehensive pulmonary evaluations (symptom assessment, chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests, 6‐min walk test). The association of clinical and radiological factors with ILAs at 3 and 6 months post‐discharge was measured using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsSixty‐six (70%) patients of cancer cohort had ILAs at 3 months, of whom 39 had persistent respiratory symptoms. Twenty‐four (26%) patients had persistent ILA at 6 months after hospital discharge. In adjusted models, higher peak RSI at admission was associated with ILAs at 3 (OR 1.5 per 5‐point increase, 95% CI 1.1–1.9) and 6 months (OR 1.3 per 5‐point increase, 95% CI 1.1–1.6) post‐discharge. Fibrotic ILAs (reticulation, traction bronchiectasis, and architectural distortion) were more common at 6 months post‐discharge.ConclusionsPost‐COVID‐19 ILAs are common in cancer patients 3 months after hospital discharge, and peak RSI and older age are strong predictors of persistent ILAs.
Effect of PIVKA‐II and AFP secretion status on early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after open and laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Cai Yunshi , Xie Kunlin , Adeeb Alhmoud Mohammad Natheir , Lan Tian , Wan Haifeng , Hu Die , Lan Ling , Liu Chang , Wu Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundProthrombin induced by vitamin K absence‐II (PIVKA‐II) and Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) have been widely used as diagnostic markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the prognostic values of the two serum markers and their clinical usefulness in patient selection for different surgical approaches remain largely unclear.MethodsHCC patients received surgical treatment between 2015 and 2019 were included. Patients were divided into four statuses according to the serum PIVKA‐II and AFP secretion status: PIVKA‐II (−) AFP (−) (status 1); PIVKA‐II (+) AFP (−) (status 2); PIVKA‐II (−) AFP (+) (status 3); PIVKA‐II (+) AFP (+) (status 4). Kaplan–Meier analyses were conducted to compare the survivals of the four groups and the HCC patients received different surgical interventions; time‐dependent AUC curves were introduced to evaluate the prognostic value of the PIV‐AFP status; Cox regression model was used to identify prognostic indexes for overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).ResultsA total of 518 patients were included. Patients with PIVKA‐II (+) and APF (+) presented significantly decreased OS and RFS comparing to the other statuses. The areas under ROC curves of PIV‐AFP status in predicting OS and RFS were superior to the PIVKA‐II or the AFP alone. The HCC patients in early stages with PIVKA‐II (+) and APF (+) had worse RFS when received laparoscopic hepatectomy than those who received open hepatectomy, whereas there was no difference in other secretion statuses. The PIVKA‐II (+) and AFP (+) secretion status was an independent risk factor for OS, RFS.ConclusionsThe PIV‐AFP secretion status is of favorable clinical utility in predicting the OS and RFS of the HCC patients; extra caution is needed when applicated the laparoscopic approach in the HCC patients with PIVKA‐II (+) and AFP (+).
Vemurafenib for BRAF V600‐mutant Erdheim–Chester disease presenting with bilateral orbital involvement
Authors: Wang Xiaomeng , Cao Jie , Du Weijiao , Ma Wenchao , Meng Bin , Cao Shui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractECD is considered to have rapid progression and poor prognosis. Studies have shown that vemurafenib is effective for ECD patients with orbital involvement, but not for ECD with multiple organs. The refinement of treatment approaches and the increased awareness of ECD have led to a dramatic improvement in prognosis.
Outcomes and factors associated with mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure: FARAONIC study
Authors: Gómez Doblas Juan José , Cepeda‐Rodrigo José María , Agra Bermejo Rosa , Blanco Labrador Elvira , Blasco Maria Teresa , Carrera Izquierdo Margarita , Lekuona Iñaki , Recio Mayoral Alejandro , Rafols Carles , Manito Nicolás 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are common and coexistent conditions.HypothesisTo investigate the adverse events and mortality risk factors in patients with AF and HF treated with rivaroxaban in Spain.MethodsMulticenter, prospective and observational study with a follow‐up of 2 years, that included adults, with a diagnosis of nonvalvular AF and chronic HF, anticoagulated with rivaroxaban at least 4 months before being enrolled.ResultsA total of 672 patients from 71 Spanish centers were recruited, of whom 658 (97.9%) were included in the safety analysis and 552 (82.1%) in the per protocol analysis. At baseline, the mean age was 73.7 ± 10.9 years, 65.9% were male, 51.3% had HF with preserved ejection fraction and 58.7% were on New York Heart Association functional class II. CHA2DS2‐VASc was 4.1 ± 1.5. During the follow‐up, 11.6% of patients died and around one‐quarter of patients were hospitalized or visited the emergency department, being HF worsening/progression the main cause (51.1%), with a 2.9% of thromboembolic events and 2.0% of acute coronary syndromes. Major bleeding occurred in 3.1% of patients, with 0.5% experiencing intracranial bleeding but no fatalities. Compliance with HF treatment was associated with a lower risk of death (hazard ratio: 0.092; 95% confidence interval: 0.03–0.31).ConclusionsAmong patients with HF and AF anticoagulated with rivaroxaban, incidences of thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications were low. The most important factor for improving survival was compliance with HF drugs, what strengths the need for early treatment with HF disease‐modifying therapy and anticoagulation.
The influence of corporate philanthropic donations on private investors' valuation judgments: Experimental evidence
Authors: Theis Jochen , Nipper Marvin , Meier Marco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCorporate donations towards disaster relief efforts, often called corporate philanthropic disaster relief (CPDR), are commonplace practice and one critically observed subcategory of CSR, with high visibility in the global media. We investigate whether private investors value firms differently based on their perception of firm's engagement in CPDR. Therefore, we created an experimental investment scenario in which we manipulate the magnitude of a hypothetical Firm Y's CPDR efforts to evaluate investment decisions of private investors recruited from Amazon's Cloud Research platform. Our findings suggest that higher CPDR generally affects private investors' assessment of a firm's value positively. Using a structural equation model and the CSR skepticism concept to examine private investors motive attribution to firms' CPDR, we find that private investors perceive high CPDR as an indicator for honest and values‐driven corporate social behavior and a low CPDR as an ingratiating attempt to win favor. Thus, we extend prior research by unveiling through which channels of impact CPDR potentially affects firm value and find an explanation why CPDR can have adverse effects on firm value.
BSLPSDN: Base station location privacy via software‐defined networking (SDN) in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Abbas Bangash Yawar , Iqbal Waseem , Rubab Saddaf , Waheed Khan Abdul , Aman Waqas 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBase station's location privacy in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is critical for information security and operational availability of the network. A key part of securing the base station from potential compromise is to secure the information about its physical location. This paper proposes a technique called base station location privacy via software‐defined networking (SDN) in wireless sensor networks (BSLPSDN). The inspiration comes from the architecture of SDN, where the control plane is separated from the data plane, and where control plane decides the policy for the data plane. BSLPSDN uses three categories of nodes, namely, a main controller to instruct the overall operations, a dedicated node to buffer and forward data, and lastly, a common node to sense and forward the packet. We employ three kinds of nodes to collaborate and achieve stealth for the base station and thus protecting it against the traffic‐analysis attacks. Different traits of the WSN including energy status and traffic density can actively be monitored by BSLPSDN, which positively affects the energy goals, expected life of the network, load on common nodes, and the possibility of creating diversion in the wake of an attack on the base station. We incorporated multiple experiments to analyze and evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm. We use single controller with multiple sensor nodes and multiple controllers with multiple sensor nodes to show the level of anonymity of BS. Experiments show that providing BS anonymity via multiple controllers is the best method both in terms of energy and privacy.
Mendelian randomization reveals no causal relationship between COVID‐19 susceptibility, hospitalization, or severity and epilepsy
Authors: He Zihua , Li Yinghong , Liu Shengyi , Li Jinmei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveObservational studies have shown an association between COVID‐19 and epilepsy. However, causality remains unproven. This study aimed to investigate the causative effect of genetically predicted COVID‐19 phenotypes on epilepsy risk using a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsWe retrieved summary‐level datasets for three COVID‐19 phenotypes (COVID‐19 susceptibility, COVID‐19 hospitalization, and COVID‐19 severity) and epilepsy from the genome‐wide association studies conducted by the COVID‐19 Host Genetics Initiative (COVID‐19 HGI) and International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) consortium, respectively. To analyze the final results, nine MR analytic methods were utilized. The inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method was chosen as the primary approach for data analysis to evaluate the potential causal effect. Other MR analytic methods (MR‐Egger regression, weighted median estimator, mode based‐estimator, and MR‐PRESSO) were used as a supplement to IVW to ensure the robustness of the results.ResultsThe IVW approach demonstrated no causal association between any genetically predicted COVID‐19 phenotype and the risk of epilepsy [COVID‐19 susceptibility: odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.86–1.14, p = 0.92; COVID‐19 hospitalization: OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.96–1.04, p = 0.95; COVID‐19 severity: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.96–1.01, p = 0.25]. Other MR complementary methods revealed consistent results. Additionally, no evidence for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy was found.SignificanceThis MR study revealed no genetically predicted causal relationship between COVID‐19 phenotypes and epilepsy.
Dune movement under climatic changes on the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau as recorded by long‐term satellite observation versus ERA‐5 reanalysis
Authors: Dörwald Lukas , Lehmkuhl Frank , Walk Janek , Delobel Lucie , Boemke Bruno , Baas Andreas , Zhang Deguo , Yang Xiaoping , Stauch Georg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe movement of active dunes is tightly linked to climatic conditions (e.g., wind regime, temperature and precipitation) as well as human influence (e.g., grazing, dune fixation and greening). Dune migration rates can be studied to draw conclusions of changing wind conditions over time. The Gonghe Basin (GB), located on the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP), offers a good testing ground for these assumptions. The intramontane basin is highly influenced by two major wind regimes: the mid‐latitude Westerlies and the East Asian summer monsoon. To investigate environmental changes, this study combines optical remote sensing techniques with climatic datasets. High‐resolution satellite images of the last five decades, such as CORONA KH‐4B, are used to map dunes and calculate their respective migration rates. Further, height information was extracted as well. Climatic changes from the ERA‐5 reanalysis dataset and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values were processed alongside. Relating the dunes' surface processes to climate model data shows an accordance between slowing migration, expanding vegetation and a decrease in sand drift potential. From 1968 to present time, an average dune migration rate of 7.3 m a−1 was extracted from the satellite images, with an overall reduction of −1.81 m a−1. The resultant drift potential (RDP) values for the GB are calculated to be below 10 m3 s−3 with a spatial decrease, following a direction from the NW to the SE, fitting well with a corresponding decrease in the migration rates. Our results indicate a good agreement between the development of aeolian landforms and the ERA‐5 climate reanalysis model data, even in a high‐altitude setting with complex topography, which is known to influence such datasets.
Deterpenation techniques of citrus essential oils and the role of oxyterpenes in food industry
Authors: Türkmenoğlu Aykut , Özmen Dilek 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApplication of EOs in the food industry are wide‐ranging from preservation to production of food packaging materials. As a flavouring agent, citrus oil is one of the most popular EO used in food and beverages with other EOs. For instance, there are many studies relating the volatile compounds of sweet orange and more than 200 components of sweet orange EOs have been described as ‘components of flavor’. Oxygenated derivatives, such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters and epoxides, provide preservative and flavour effects on food products but their levels are no more than 10% in citrus EOs generally. Therefore, deterpenation methods can be applied to EOs and oxygenated derivative concentrations would be increased. This study reviews primary oxyterpenes existing in citrus EOs, their use in the food industry, deterpenation methods applied to some types of citrus EOs and gives information about their main advantages and disadvantages. In conclusion, membrane separation techniques are proposed in order to purify citrus EOs on the basis of being environmentally friendly and not required any solvents both for separation.
EPU spillovers and sovereign CDS spreads: A cross‐country study
Authors: Gong Yuting , He Zhongzhi , Xue Wenjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the spillover effect of global economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on sovereign credit default swap (CDS) spreads in a sample of 21 countries. We use a multivariate quantile model to measure EPU spillovers for each country and find that global EPU spillovers have a significant and positive effect on subsequent CDS spreads in both developed and emerging markets. The spillover effect is stronger in developed markets compared to emerging markets. The positive relationship between EPU spillovers and CDS spreads remain significant when controlling for various economic, financial, and political risk factors. Our results are robust to alternative measures of EPU spillovers and sovereign credit risk, across different forecast horizons, and to potential endogeneity resulting from omitted variables.