bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROX1 Inhibits PDGF-B Expression to Prevent Myxomatous Degeneration of Heart Valves
Authors: Ho Yen-Chun , Geng Xin , O’Donnell Anna , Ibarrola Jaime , Fernandez-Celis Amaya , Varshney Rohan , Subramani Kumar , Azartash-Namin Zheila J. , Kim Jang , Silasi Robert , Wylie-Sears Jill , Alvandi Zahra , Chen Lijuan , Cha Boksik , Chen Hong , Xia Lijun , Zhou Bin , Lupu Florea , Burkhart Harold M. , Aikawa Elena , Olson Lorin E. , Ahamed Jasimuddin , López-Andrés Natalia , Bischoff Joyce , Yutzey Katherine E. , Srinivasan R. Sathish 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cardiac valve disease is observed in 2.5% of the general population and 10% of the elderly people. Effective pharmacological treatments are currently not available, and patients with severe cardiac valve disease require surgery. PROX1 (prospero-related homeobox transcription factor 1) and FOXC2 (Forkhead box C2 transcription factor) are transcription factors that are required for the development of lymphatic and venous valves. We found that PROX1 and FOXC2 are expressed in a subset of valvular endothelial cells (VECs) that are located on the downstream (fibrosa) side of cardiac valves. Whether PROX1 and FOXC2 regulate cardiac valve development and disease is not known.

METHODS:

We used histology, electron microscopy, and echocardiography to investigate the structure and functioning of heart valves from

Prox1
ΔVEC

mice in which
Prox1
was conditionally deleted from VECs. Isolated valve endothelial cells and valve interstitial cells were used to identify the molecular mechanisms in vitro, which were tested in vivo by RNAScope, additional mouse models, and pharmacological approaches. The significance of our findings was tested by evaluation of human samples of mitral valve prolapse and aortic valve insufficiency.

RESULTS:

Histological analysis revealed that the aortic and mitral valves of

Prox1
ΔVEC

mice become progressively thick and myxomatous. Echocardiography revealed that the aortic valves of

Prox1
ΔVEC

mice are stenotic
. FOXC2
was downregulated and PDGF-B (platelet-derived growth factor-B) was upregulated in the VECs of

Prox1
ΔVEC

mice. Conditional knockdown of FOXC2 and conditional overexpression of PDGF-B in VECs recapitulated the phenotype of

Prox1
ΔVEC

mice. PDGF-B was also increased in mice lacking FOXC2 and in human mitral valve prolapse and insufficient aortic valve samples. Pharmacological inhibition of PDGF-B signaling with imatinib partially ameliorated the valve defects of

Prox1
ΔVEC

mice.

CONCLUSIONS:
PROX1 antagonizes PDGF-B signaling partially via FOXC2 to maintain the extracellular matrix composition and prevent myxomatous degeneration of cardiac valves.
Epigenetic Induction of Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Alterations in Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections
Authors: Chakraborty Abhijit , Li Yanming , Zhang Chen , Li Yang , Rebello Kimberly R. , Li Shengyu , Xu Samantha , Vasquez Hernan G. , Zhang Lin , Luo Wei , Wang Guangyu , Chen Kaifu , Coselli Joseph S. , LeMaire Scott A. , Shen Ying H. 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic switching has been increasingly detected in aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) tissues. However, the diverse SMC phenotypes in AAD tissues and the mechanisms driving SMC phenotypic alterations remain to be identified.

METHODS:
We examined the transcriptomic and epigenomic dynamics of aortic SMC phenotypic changes in mice with angiotensin II–induced AAD by using single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell sequencing assay for transposase-accessible chromatin. SMC phenotypic alteration in aortas from patients with ascending thoracic AAD was examined by using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.

RESULTS:

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that aortic stress induced the transition of SMCs from a primary contractile phenotype to proliferative, extracellular matrix–producing, and inflammatory phenotypes. Lineage tracing showed the complete transformation of SMCs to fibroblasts and macrophages. Single-cell sequencing assay for transposase-accessible chromatin analysis indicated that these phenotypic alterations were controlled by chromatin remodeling marked by the reduced chromatin accessibility of contractile genes and the induced chromatin accessibility of genes involved in proliferation, extracellular matrix, and inflammation. IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3), a proinflammatory transcription factor activated by cytosolic DNA, was identified as a key driver of the transition of aortic SMCs from a contractile phenotype to an inflammatory phenotype. In cultured SMCs, cytosolic DNA signaled through its sensor STING (stimulator of interferon genes)-TBK1 (tank-binding kinase 1) to activate IRF3, which bound and recruited EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2) to contractile genes to induce repressive H3K27me3 modification and gene suppression. In contrast, double-stranded DNA–STING-IRF3 signaling induced inflammatory gene expression in SMCs. In

Sting
–/–

mice, the aortic stress–induced transition of SMCs into an inflammatory phenotype was prevented, and SMC populations were preserved. Finally, profound SMC phenotypic alterations toward diverse directions were detected in human ascending thoracic AAD tissues.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study reveals the dynamic epigenetic induction of SMC phenotypic alterations in AAD. DNA damage and cytosolic leakage drive SMCs from a contractile phenotype to an inflammatory phenotype.
Multilingual Coreference Resolution in Multiparty Dialogue
Authors: Zheng Boyuan , Xia Patrick , Yarmohammadi Mahsa , Durme Benjamin Van 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExisting multiparty dialogue datasets for entity coreference resolution are nascent, and many challenges are still unaddressed. We create a large-scale dataset, Multilingual Multiparty Coref (MMC), for this task based on TV transcripts. Due to the availability of gold-quality subtitles in multiple languages, we propose reusing the annotations to create silver coreference resolution data in other languages (Chinese and Farsi) via annotation projection. On the gold (English) data, off-the-shelf models perform relatively poorly on MMC, suggesting that MMC has broader coverage of multiparty coreference than prior datasets. On the silver data, we find success both using it for data augmentation and training from scratch, which effectively simulates the zero-shot cross-lingual setting.
Notation Methods and Reference Systems: On the Phenomenon of Cultural Translation in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Jäger Ralf Martin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Traditional art music in the Ottoman Empire was essentially shaped by phenomena of transculturality. It can be assumed that dynamic cultural transfer processes took place between the cultural groups involved, including Armenians, Greeks, Jews, and Arabs, in addition to Turks, and that these processes are visible today through circumstantial evidence.
Each cultural group has an individual-specific music-theoretical, as well as music-historical background, so that the cultural intersection of Ottoman art music is considered from different perspectives. Using Greek sources from the 18th and 19th centuries as examples, this contribution is devoted to the phenomenon of cultural translation that accompanies the transfer processes. The central question is whether and in what form the detailed information given on the pitch system can contribute to a better understanding of Ottoman music theory in the nineteenth century, and how it can be made useful for the critical edition of music practical sources from the period.
Southern Rhodesia’s Adherence to the 1929 Geneva Convention on the Treatment of Italian and German Internees, 1939–1945
Authors: Takura Enest , Mujere Joseph , Bishi George 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The article looks at the Southern Rhodesian government’s efforts to implement the 1929 Geneva Convention’s provisions in establishing and administering internment camps during Second World War, despite the fact that the convention did not apply to civilian internees. The article contends that, although the Southern Rhodesian government was committed to the Geneva Convention of 1929, which specified the guidelines and norms for the treatment of prisoners of war, this was fraught with ambiguities. This was partially due to the fact that internees were not initially considered prisoners of war and also because the pro-British Southern Rhodesia white community had conflicting feelings towards Germans and Italians. Hence, although the Geneva Convention obliged capturing states to adhere to certain norms, there was a limit to how far Southern Rhodesia could go in terms of executing these stipulations. This article is based on archival documents from the National Archives of Zimbabwe.
1. Auks (Alcidae)
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of six auks (Alcidae) species – Razorbill, Little Auk, Black Guillemot, Atlantic Puffin, Common Murre, and Thick-billed Murre – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change.
Assessments of local conservation actions against climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. Interventions are evaluated by evidence of effectiveness and grouped by types of impacts on auks: mammal predation, storms causing foraging difficulty and mortality, thermal stress, and reduced prey availability. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the actions’ effectiveness.
2. Ducks and Phalaropes (Antidae and Scolopacidae)
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of ten species of ducks and phalaropes (Anatidae and Scolopacidae) – Long-tailed Duck, Harlequin Duck, Velvet Scoter, Common Scoter, Red-breasted Merganser, Red Phalarope, Red-necked Phalarope, Steller’s Eider, Common Eider, and King Eider – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change.
Assessments of local conservation actions that can be implemented to reduce climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. This section focuses on the effectiveness of interventions against increasing mammal predation that threatens ducks and phalaropes. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the effectiveness of the actions.
3. Gannets and Cormorants (Sulidae and Phalacrocoracidae)
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of three species of gannets and cormorants (Sulidae and Phalacrocoracidae) – Northern Gannet, European Shag, and Great Cormorant – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change.
Assessments of local conservation actions that can be implemented to reduce climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. This section focuses on the effectiveness of interventions to limit increased foraging difficulty, mortality, or destruction of ducks and phalaropes’ nests caused by storms. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the effectiveness of the actions.
4. Gulls (Laridae)
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of ten gulls (Laridae) species – European Herring Gulls, Audouin’s Gull, Caspian Gull, Lesser Black-backed Gull, Glaucous Gull, Great Black-backed Gull, Ivory Gull, Black-legged Kittiwake, Sabine’s Gull, and Yellow-legged Gull – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change.
Assessments of local conservation actions against climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. Interventions are evaluated by evidence of effectiveness and grouped by types of impacts on gulls: increased competition due to mortality, mammal predation, exposure to pollution and heavy metals, reduced area of breeding, foraging, or prey availability, parasite load, and storms causing nest destruction, foraging difficulty, and mortality. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the effectiveness of the actions.
6. Petrels and Shearwaters (Hydrobatidae and Procellariidae)
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of six species of petrels and shearwaters (Hydrobatidae and Procellariidae) – Cory’s Shearwater, Northern Fulmar, Band-rumped Storm-petrel, Leach’s Storm-petrel, European Storm-petrel, and Manx Shearwater – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change.
Assessments of local conservation actions that can be implemented to reduce climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. This section focuses on the effectiveness of interventions to limit reduced prey availability, increased foraging difficulty, and mortality of petrels and shearwaters caused by storms. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the effectiveness of the actions.
7. Skuas (Stercorariidae)
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

With key information linked to thematic maps, this section evaluates the climate change vulnerability of three skuas (Stercorariidae) species – Great Skua, Long-tailed Jaeger, and Arctic Jaeger – in the North-East Atlantic. The assessments for every species cover three categories each: the exposure, or the magnitude in percentage and the characteristics of climate change; the sensitivity, or how much and by which climatic events the species are affected, depending on their biological features; the adaptive capacity, or the potential of species to respond to climate change.
Assessments of local conservation actions against climate change impacts are listed here in readily consultable tables. Interventions are evaluated by evidence of effectiveness and grouped by types of impacts on skuas: increased avian predation, thermal stress, competition due to mortality, and reduced prey availability. Criteria of relevance, strength, and transparency measure the effectiveness of the actions.
Appendices
Authors: Häkkinen Henry , Petrovan Silviu O. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. , Pettorelli Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

As this is evidence-based guidance, appendix 1 provides references and further details to the first section of each bird species examined so far – auks, ducks and phalaropes, gannets and cormorants, gulls, loons/divers and grebes, petrels and shearwaters, skuas, and terns – for each of the three criteria for assessing climate change impacts: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. This appendix is meant for those who wish to examine the primary sources or find additional reading.
Appendix 2: This appendix provides access to two searchable folders, which include the accompanying methodology and references to the second section of each species – the potential actions in response to climate change. The “Methodology” folder contains information on how the species assessments and the conservation actions were chosen and scored. The “References” folder contains a complete list of all studies used in this guide. The studies documenting the effectiveness of actions on seabirds have been used as the primary evidence base for the second section of each species.
Supporting Advancement in Weather and Water Prediction in the Upper Colorado River Basin: The SPLASH Campaign
Authors: de Boer Gijs , White Allen , Cifelli Rob , Intrieri Janet , Rose Abel Mimi , Mahoney Kelly , Meyers Tilden , Lantz Kathy , Hamilton Jonathan , Currier William , Sedlar Joseph , Cox Christopher , Hulm Erik , Riihimaki Laura D. , Adler Bianca , Bianco Laura , Morales Annareli , Wilczak James , Elston Jack , Stachura Maciej , Jackson Darren , Morris Sara , Chandrasekar V. , Biswas Sounak , Schmatz Benjamin , Junyent Francesc , Reithel Jennifer , Smith Elizabeth , Schloesser Katya , Kochendorfer John , Meyers Mike , Gallagher Michael , Longenecker Jake , Olheiser Carrie , Bytheway Janice , Moore Benjamin , Calmer Radiance , Shupe Matthew D. , Butterworth Brian , Heflin Stella , Palladino Rachel , Feldman Daniel , Williams Kenneth , Pinto James , Osborn Jackson , Costa Dave , Hall Emiel , Herrera Christian , Hodges Gary , Soldo Logan , Stierle Scott , Webb Robert S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Water is a critical resource that causes significant challenges to inhabitants of the western United States. These challenges are likely to intensify as the result of expanding population and climate-related changes that act to reduce runoff in areas of complex terrain. To better understand the physical processes that drive the transition of mountain precipitation to streamflow, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has deployed suites of environmental sensors throughout the East River watershed of Colorado as part of the Study of Precipitation, the Lower Atmosphere, and Surface for Hydrometeorology (SPLASH). This includes surface-based sensors over a network of five different observing sites, airborne platforms, and sophisticated remote sensors to provide detailed information on spatiotemporal variability of key parameters. With a 2-yr deployment, these sensors offer detailed insight into precipitation, the lower atmosphere, and the surface, and support the development of datasets targeting improved prediction of weather and water. Initial datasets have been published and are laying a foundation for improved characterization of physical processes and their interactions driving mountain hydrology, evaluation and improvement of numerical prediction tools, and educational activities. SPLASH observations contain a depth and breadth of information that enables a variety of atmospheric and hydrological science analyses over the coming years that leverage collaborations between national laboratories, academia, and stakeholders, including industry.
The New Version 3.2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly and Daily Precipitation Products
Authors: Huffman George J. , Adler Robert F. , Behrangi Ali , Bolvin David T. , Nelkin Eric J. , Gu Guojun , Ehsani Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Version 3.2 Precipitation Analysis provides globally complete analyses of surface precipitation on a 0.5° × 0.5° latitude–longitude grid at both monthly and daily time scales, covering from 1983 to the present and from June 2000 to the present, respectively. These merged products continue the GPCP heritage of incorporating precipitation estimates from low-orbit satellite microwave data, geosynchronous-orbit satellite infrared data, sounder-based estimates, and surface rain gauge observations emphasizing the strengths of various inputs and striving for time and space homogeneity. Furthermore, these analyses incorporate modern algorithms, refined intercalibrations among sensors, climatologies of recent high-quality satellite precipitation data, and fine-scale multisatellite estimates. New data fields have been introduced to better characterize the precipitation, including the fraction of the precipitation that is liquid (rain) in both the monthly and daily products, and a quality index for the monthly product. Compared to the operational GPCP Version 2.3 Monthly, the Version 3.2 Monthly product provides a more reasonable climatology in the Southern Ocean and increases the estimated global average precipitation by about 4.5%, which is similar to estimates from recent global water budget assessments. Global and regional trends for 1983–2020 with this new Monthly dataset are very similar to those computed from Version 2.3. Compared to the operational One-Degree Daily (Version 1.3) product, the new Version 3.2 Daily is designed to better represent the histogram of precipitation rates, particularly at high values and shifts the start of less-certain high-latitude estimates from 40° to 58° latitude in each hemisphere.

Significance Statement
Studies of Earth’s climate require long-term global datasets based on observations to show how the climate functions and to validate numerical climate models. This study describes an important upgrade to the monthly and daily precipitation (rain and snow) products computed by the Global Precipitation Climatology Project. We use modern analysis schemes, add new sources of data, and deliver results on a finer-scale 0.5° × 0.5° latitude–longitude grid [roughly 55 km (34 mi) on a side at the equator]. The new data show improved agreement with other studies and depict more reasonable behavior in the Southern Ocean. The daily product shows improved estimates of how often different intensities of precipitation occur around the world, particularly the high amounts that drive floods and landslides.