bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-use of cannabis and prescription opioids in adults in the USA: a population-based, cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES from 2009 to 2018
Authors: Diep Calvin , Goel Akash , Wijeysundera Duminda N , Clarke Hance , Ladha Karim S 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionCannabis and cannabinoids continue to gain popularity as adjuncts or alternatives to opioids in pain management, with evolving evidence of effectiveness. The relationship between cannabis and opioid use has previously been investigated in smaller cohorts or ecological samples, but not yet in a nationally representative sample.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of adults in the USA was undertaken using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2009 to 2018. The primary exposure was self-reported use of at least one opioid-containing prescription medication in the 30 days prior to survey administration. The outcome of interest was self-reported cannabis use in the same period. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for sociodemographic and health-related covariates, and NHANES survey sample weights were included in modeling. Prescription opioid users were then subclassified as short-term users (<90 days) or chronic users (≥90 days) in secondary analysis.ResultsA total 10,928 survey respondents were included in analyses, representing 110 million adults in the USA aged 18–59. In this weighted cohort, 5.6%±0.4% reported a recent opioid prescription. Among prescription opioid users, 18.4%±3.1% reported recent cannabis use, not significantly different from 17.7%±0.7% among non-users (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.36, p=0.714). After adjustment for covariates, opioid users were significantly less likely to have recently used cannabis (adjusted OR, aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.97, p=0.032). When opioid users were subclassified by duration of prescription, there was no detectable difference in recent cannabis use between chronic opioid users and short-term opioid users (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.78, p=0.649).ConclusionRecent prescription opioid use was associated with decreased odds of cannabis use in this cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative cohort. These findings suggest that use of cannabis or prescription opioids may not independently promote use of the other.
Bipolar radiofrequency ablation of the superomedial (SM), superolateral (SL) and inferomedial (IM) genicular nerves for chronic osteoarthritis knee pain: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 12-month follow-up
Authors: Malaithong Wanwipha , Tontisirin Nuj , Seangrung Rattaphol , Wongsak Siwadol , Cohen Steven P 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundVariability in anatomy in the knees supports the use of aggressive lesioning techniques such as bipolar-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA). There are no randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of bipolar-RFA.MethodsSixty-four patients with KOA who experienced >50% pain relief from prognostic superomedial, superolateral and inferomedial genicular nerve blocks were randomly assigned to receive either genicular nerve local anesthetic and steroid injections with sham-RFA or local anesthetic and steroid plus bipolar-RFA. Participants and outcome adjudicators were blinded to allocation. The primary outcome was Visual Analog Scale pain score 12 months postprocedure. Secondary outcome measures included Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis (WOMAC) and Patient Global Improvement-Indexes (PGI-I).ResultsBoth groups experienced significant reductions in pain, with no significant differences observed at 12 months (reduction from 5.7±1.9 to 3.2±2.6 in the RFA-group vs from 5.0±1.4 to 2.6±2.4 in the control-group (p=0.40)) or any other time point. No significant changes were observed between groups for WOMAC and PGI-I at the primary endpoint, with only the control group experiencing a significant improvement in function at 12-month follow-up (mean reduction from 91.2±38.2 to 67.1±51.9 in the RFA-group (p=0.06) vs from 95.8±41.1 to 60.6±42.8 in the control group (p=0.001); p=0.85 between groups).ConclusionOur failure to find efficacy for genicular nerve RFA, coupled with evidence showing that a plenitude of nerves supply the knee joint and preliminary studies indicating superiority of lesioning strategies targeting more than three nerves, suggest controlled trials using more aggressive lesioning strategies are warranted.Trial registration numberTCTR20170130003.
Addendum: A dispersive analysis of $$\varvec{\eta '\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\gamma }$$ and $$\varvec{\eta '\rightarrow \ell ^+\ell ^-\gamma }$$
Authors: Holz Simon , Hanhart Christoph , Hoferichter Martin , Kubis Bastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this addendum to Ref. [1] we show that the mismatch between the $$\rho $$
ρ
–$$\omega $$
ω
mixing parameter $$\epsilon _{\rho \omega }$$

ϵ

ρ
ω

as extracted from $$\eta '\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\gamma $$

η
′

→

π
+

π
-

γ

and $$e^+e^-\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-$$

e
+

e
-

→

π
+

π
-

can be resolved by including higher orders in the expansion in $$e^2$$

e
2

in the description of the $$\eta '\rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\gamma $$

η
′

→

π
+

π
-

γ

decay. We repeat the analysis in this extended framework and update the numerical results accordingly.
Performance of the SABRE detector module in a purely passive shielding
Authors: Calaprice F. , Benziger J. B. , Copello S. , Dafinei I. , D’Angelo D. , D’Imperio G. , Di Carlo G. , Diemoz M. , Di Giacinto A. , Di Ludovico A. , Ianna M. , Ianni A. , Mariani A. , Milana S. , Orlandi D. , Pettinacci V. , Pietrofaccia L. , Rahatlou S. , Suerfu B. , Tomei C. , Vignoli C. , Zani A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present here a characterization of the low background NaI(Tl) crystal NaI-33 based on a period of almost one year of data taking (891 kg$$\times $$
×
days exposure) in a detector configuration with no use of organic scintillator veto. This remarkably radio-pure crystal already showed a low background in the SABRE Proof-of-Principle (PoP) detector, in the low energy region of interest (1–6 keV) for the search of dark matter interaction via the annual modulation signature. As the vetoable background components, such as $$^{40}$$

40

K, are here sub-dominant, we reassembled the PoP setup with a fully passive shielding. We upgraded the selection of events based on a Boosted Decision Tree algorithm that rejects most of the PMT-induced noise while retaining scintillation signals with > 90% efficiency in 1–6 keV. We find an average background of 1.39 ± 0.02 counts/day/kg/keV in the region of interest and a spectrum consistent with data previously acquired in the PoP setup, where the external veto background suppression was in place. Our background model indicates that the dominant background component is due to decays of $$^{210}$$

210

Pb, only partly residing in the crystal itself. The other location of $$^{210}$$

210

Pb is the reflector foil that wraps the crystal. We now proceed to design the experimental setup for the physics phase of the SABRE North detector, based on an array of similar crystals, using a low radioactivity PTFE reflector and further improving the passive shielding strategy, in compliance with the new safety and environmental requirements of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso.
Shadow, lensing, quasinormal modes, greybody bounds and neutrino propagation by dyonic ModMax black holes
Authors: Pantig Reggie C. , Mastrototaro Leonardo , Lambiase Gaetano , Övgün Ali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMotivated by recent work on the Modified Maxwell (ModMax) black holes [Phys Lett B 10.1016/j.physletb.2020.136011], which are invariant in duality rotations and conformal transformations founded in [Phys Rev D 10.1103/PhysRevD.102.121703], we probe its effects on the shadow cast, weak field gravitational lensing, and neutrino propagation in its vicinity. Using the EHT data for the shadow diameter of Sgr. A* and M87*, and LIGO/VIRGO experiments for the dyonic ModMax black hole perturbations, we find constraints for ModMax parameters such as $$Q_\text {m}$$

Q
m

and the screening factor $$\gamma $$
γ
. We also analyze how the shadow radius behaves as perceived by a static observer and one that is comoving with the cosmic expansion. The effect of the ModMax parameters is constant for a static observer, and we found That it varies when the observer is comoving with cosmic expansion. We also analyzed its effect on the weak deflection angle by exploiting the Gauss–Bonnet theorem and its application to Einstein ring formation. We also consider the finite distance effect and massive particle deflection. Our results indicate that the far approximation of massive particle gives the largest deflection angle and amplifies the effect of $$Q_\text {m}$$

Q
m

and $$\gamma $$
γ
. Then we also calculate the quasinormal modes and greybody bounds which encode unique characteristic features of the dyonic ModMax black hole. With the advent of improving space technology, we reported that it is possible to detect the deviation caused through the shadow cast, Einstein rings, quasinormal modes, and neutrino oscillations.
Non-exotic traversable wormhole solutions in linear $$f\left( R,T\right) $$ gravity
Authors: Luís Rosa João , Kull Paul Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work we analyze traversable wormhole solutions in the linear form of $$f\left( R,T\right) =R+\lambda T$$

f

R
,
T

=
R
+
λ
T

gravity satisfying the Null, Weak, Strong, and Dominant Energy Conditions (NEC, WEC, SEC, and DEC respectively) for the entire spacetime. These solutions are obtained via a fully analytical parameter space analysis of the free parameters of the wormhole model, namely the exponents controlling the degree of the redshift and shape functions, the radius of the wormhole throat $$r_0$$

r
0

, the value of the redshift function at the throat $$\zeta _0$$

ζ
0

, and the coupling parameter $$\lambda $$
λ
. Bounds on these free parameters for which the energy conditions are satisfied for the entire spacetime are deduced and two explicit solutions are provided. Even if some of these bounds are violated, leading to the violation of the NEC at some critical radius $$r_c>r_0$$

r
c

>

r
0

, it is still possible to find physically relevant wormhole solutions via a matching with an exterior vacuum spacetime in the region where the energy conditions are still satisfied. For this purpose, we deduce the set of junction conditions for the form of $$f\left( R,T\right) $$

f

R
,
T

considered and provide an explicit example. These results seem to indicate that a wide variety of non-exotic wormhole solutions are attainable in the $$f\left( R,T\right) $$

f

R
,
T

theory without the requirement of fine-tuning.
The Cantabrian Substage should be abandoned: revised chronostratigraphy of the Middle–Late Pennsylvanian boundary
Authors: Nelson W. John , Lucas Spencer G. , Elrick Scott D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In spite of numerous revisions from 1966 to present, the Cantabrian Substage of the Stephanian Stage (Pennsylvanian) was never properly defined as a chronostratigraphic unit. Defined and redefined at least three times, the Cantabrian lacks boundary stratotypes that correspond to clear and correlateable biochronological signals. Thus, instead of using a biochronological datum of well-established validity and utility, Cantabrian advocates have relied on ill-defined macrofloral assemblage zones and on lithostratigraphic boundaries to define the substage. As a result, the Cantabrian is demonstrably diachronous, even within Europe; indeed, the Cantabrian has proven to be unusable for correlations outside its type area in northern Spain. To resolve these problems, we recommend that the Cantabrian Substage be abandoned, and the Westphalian–Stephanian boundary be redefined at the major floral turnover that has been documented in the USA, western and central Europe, and in the Donets Basin. We further recommend that the bases of the Kasimovian Series, Stephanian Series, Missourian Series, and Upper Pennsylvanian Series all be aligned with this same floral turnover.
Combination Chemotherapy of Multidrug-resistant Early-stage Colon Cancer: Determining Optimal Dose Schedules by High-performance Computer Simulation
Authors: Cockrell Chase , Axelrod David E. 
Published: December 2022

The goal of this project was to utilize mechanistic simulation to demonstrate a methodology that could determine drug combination dose schedules and dose intensities that would be most effective in eliminating multidrug-resistant cancer cells in early-stage colon cancer. An agent-based model of cell dynamics in human colon crypts was calibrated using measurements of human biopsy specimens. Mutant cancer cells were simulated as cells that were resistant to each of two drugs when the drugs were used separately. The drugs, 5-flurouracil and sulindac, have different mechanisms of action. An artificial neural network was used to generate nearly 200,000 two-drug dose schedules. A high-performance computer simulated each dose schedule as a in silico clinical trial and evaluated each dose schedule for its efficiency to cure (eliminate) multidrug-resistant cancer cells and its toxicity to the host, as indicated by continued crypt function. Among the dose schedules that were generated, 2,430 dose schedules were found to cure all multidrug-resistant mutants in each of the 50 simulated trials and retained colon crypt function. One dose schedule was optimal; it eliminated multidrug-resistant cancer cells with the minimum toxicity and had a time schedule that would be practical for implementation in the clinic. These results demonstrate a procedure to identify which combination drug dose schedules could be most effective in eliminating drug-resistant cancer cells. This was accomplished using a calibrated agent–based model of a human tissue, and a high-performance computer simulation of clinical trials.Significance:The results of computer-simulated clinical trials suggest a practical dose schedule for two drugs, 5-fluorouracil and sulindac, that could eliminate multidrug resistant early-stage colon cancer cells with minimum toxicity to the host.
Associations of Osteoarthritis With Thrombectomy Utilization and Outcomes for Large Vessel Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Chen Huanwen , Khunte Mihir , Colasurdo Marco , Jindal Gaurav , Malhotra Ajay , Gandhi Dheeraj , Chaturvedi Seemant 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders are the leading causes of disability in the United States. While osteoarthritis is not a direct risk factor for stroke, osteoarthritis may impact patient selection for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) due to prestroke disability. This study investigates associations of osteoarthritis with EVT utilization and outcomes.

Methods:
This was a large-scale cross-sectional study of the 2016 to 2019 National Inpatient Sample database. Adult patients with anterior large vessel ischemic strokes were identified. Patient demographics, stroke risk factors, stroke etiology, presence of osteoarthritis, medical comorbidities, EVT, intravenous thrombolysis treatments, and discharge destinations were recorded. Primary outcome was the rate of EVT treatment. Secondary outcomes include rates of discharge to home and in-hospital mortality. Propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regression models were used to account for possible confounders.

Results:

Two hundred fifty-two thousand five hundred five patients were identified, of whom 8.5% (21 500 patients) had osteoarthritis. After propensity score matching for 32 clinical variables, osteoarthritis patients were found to be 17.3% less likely to receive EVT than non-osteoarthritis patients (14.4% versus 17.3%, respectively;
P
<0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, osteoarthritis was associated with 22.6% lower odds of receiving EVT (OR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.70–0.86];
P
<0.001), an effect size larger than any medical comorbidity captured in this study other than dementia and nonstroke neurological disease. Among those treated with EVT, multivariable logistic regression models showed that osteoarthritis was not associated with different odds of being discharged home (OR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.81–1.21];
P
=0.93); however, osteoarthritis was marginally associated with lower odds of in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.54–1.01];
P
=0.054).

Conclusions:
Large vessel ischemic stroke patients with osteoarthritis were significantly less likely to receive EVT therapy despite similar post-EVT outcomes. These results warrant further investigation and prompt a critical review of current patient selection practices for stroke EVT therapy, specifically for patients with baseline disability due to musculoskeletal conditions such as osteoarthritis.
Comment: Global Climate Policy and Collective Action
Authors: Kennard Amanda , Schnakenberg Keith E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In Global Environmental Politics (“Prisoners of the Wrong Dilemma: Why Distributive Conflict, Not Collective Action, Characterizes the Politics of Climate Change,” 20 (4): 4–27), Michaël Aklin and Matto Mildenberger argue against the prevailing characterization of climate change cooperation as a problem of free riding or collective action. The authors argue that models of collective action imply, first, policy reciprocity and, second, inaction in the absence of formal agreements to limit free riding. They argue that neither empirical implication is supported by an review of states’ climate policy to date. In this comment, we note that standard collective action models imply neither of the above hypotheses. As a result, the empirical tests advanced in the original article are uninformative as to the explanatory power of the collective action model for international climate politics.
Nowcasting Applications of Geostationary Satellite Hourly Surface PM2.5 Data
Authors: Zhang Hai , Wei Zigang , Henderson Barron H. , Anenberg Susan C. , O’Dell Katelyn , Kondragunta Shobha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The mass concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5; diameters less than 2.5 μm) estimated from geostationary satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) data can supplement the network of ground monitors with high temporal (hourly) resolution. Estimates of PM2.5 over the United States were derived from NOAA’s operational geostationary satellites’ Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) AOD data using a geographically weighted regression with hourly and daily temporal resolution. Validation versus ground observations shows a mean bias of −21.4% and −15.3% for hourly and daily PM2.5 estimates, respectively, for concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 μg m−3. Because satellites only observe AOD in the daytime, the relation between observed daytime PM2.5 and daily mean PM2.5 was evaluated using ground measurements; PM2.5 estimated from ABI AODs were also examined to study this relationship. The ground measurements show that daytime mean PM2.5 has good correlation (r > 0.8) with daily mean PM2.5 in most areas of the United States, but with pronounced differences in the western United States due to temporal variations caused by wildfire smoke; the relation between the daytime and daily PM2.5 estimated from the ABI AODs has a similar pattern. While daily or daytime estimated PM2.5 provides exposure information in the context of the PM2.5 standard (>35 μg m−3), the hourly estimates of PM2.5 used in nowcasting show promise for alerts and warnings of harmful air quality. The geostationary satellite based PM2.5 estimates inform the public of harmful air quality 10 times more than standard ground observations (1.8 versus 0.17 million people per hour).

Significance Statement
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5; diameters less than 2.5 μm) are generated from smoke, dust, and emissions from industrial, transportation, and other sectors. They are harmful to human health and even lead to premature mortality. Data from geostationary satellites can help estimate surface PM2.5 exposure by filling in gaps that are not covered by ground monitors. With this information, people can plan their outdoor activities accordingly. This study shows that availability of hourly PM2.5 observations covering the entire continental United States is more informative to the public about harmful exposure to pollution. On average, 1.8 million people per hour can be informed using satellite data compared to 0.17 million people per hour based on ground observations alone.
Risk Factors for Lymph Node Metastasis and Recurrence in T1 Colorectal Cancer: Analysis of 801 Patients in a Single Institute
Authors: Ishikawa Shintaro , Hirano Yasumitsu , Deguchi Katsuya , Ishii Toshimasa , Ishiyama Yasuhiro , Okazaki Naoto , Fujii Takatsugu , Kataoka Atsuko , Sasaki Megumi , Shimamura Satoshi , Yonezawa Hiroki 
Published: December 2022

Objective To identify risk factors for lymph node metastasis and postoperative recurrence of pT1 colorectal cancer by clinicopathological study of surgically resected cases. Methods In 801 patients with pT1 colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection with lymph node dissection between April 2007 and January 2021, we evaluated clinicopathological factors (age, gender, BMI, serum CEA level, tumor localization, additional resection after endoscopic treatment, operation time, blood loss, histological type, tumor size, vascular invasion, and central lymph node dissection). We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to examine risk factors for lymph node metastasis. We also examined risk factors for recurrence in 583 patients up to December 2017. Results Lymph node metastasis was observed in 100/801 patients (12.5%). Multivariate analysis of lymph node metastasis showed that patients with positive lymphatic invasion (odds ratio 2.57, 95% CI 1.62-4.04, P < .0001), positive venous invasion (odds ratio 2.31, 95% CI 1.48-3.61, P = .0002), and histologically poorly differentiated type (odds ratio 4.54, 95% CI 1.35-15.2, P = .014) were identified as risk factors. Postoperative recurrence was observed in 18/580 patients (3.1%). Risk factors for postoperative recurrence were also examined, including preoperative endoscopic treatment (odds ratio 3.59, 95% CI 1.18-10.9, P = .024), positive venous invasion (odds ratio 3.63, 95% CI 1.22-10.8, P = .021), positive lymph node metastasis (odds ratio 4.91, 95% CI 1.10-21.8, P = .037) were extracted as risk factors. Discussion In this study, venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, and histologically poorly differentiated type were identified as risk factors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer, and positive venous invasion, positive lymph node metastasis, and preoperative endoscopic treatment were identified as risk factors for recurrence. We hope that large prospective study will lead to the development of a more specific treatment strategy, including endoscopic treatment and additional surgical resection.