bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution and major changes of the diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID‐19 patients in China 2020–2023
Authors: Wu You , Feng Xiaoru , Gong Mengchun , Han Jinming , Jiao Yuanshi , Li Shenglong , Li Tong , Shen Chen , Wang Huai‐Yu , Yu Xinyu , Zhang Zeyu , Zhang Zhengdong , Zhao Yuanfei , Zhou Peng , Wang Haibo , Zhang Zongjiu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince the identification of the first case of pneumonia of unknown cause in 2019, the COVID‐19 pandemic has spread the globe for over 3 years. As the most populous country in the world, China's disease prevention policies and response plans concern the health of the country's 1.4 billion people and beyond. During the course of the pandemic, scientific research has been accumulated and given evidence‐based support to the official guidance of COVID‐19 management. The National Health Commission of China have compiled, published, and updated a total of 10 versions of the “Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID‐19 Patients” to better inform clinical practitioners and staff to effectively screen, diagnose, manage, treat, and care for cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. This paper compares and summarizes each version of the protocol in terms of etiology and epidemiology, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, treatment and nursing, disease control and management, presenting detailed changes, additions, deletions, and refinement of the protocols.
Musculoskeletal pain among teleworkers: Frequency and associated factors
Authors: Fiorini Luke Anthony 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTeleworking, also known as remote working, has become the new norm for many workers since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Studies show that during this time, the incidence of musculoskeletal pain is increasing among these workers. Despite this, few studies have addressed the possible correlates of musculoskeletal paśin in teleworkers, with several potential predictors receiving little or no attention in published studies. With this in mind, an online survey was conducted among organizations in the IT and communications sectors in Malta. Information was collected from 459 teleworkers on the frequency of telework, frequency of work during nonworking hours, exercise frequency, burnout, and ergonomic arrangements. Demographic data were also collected. Results revealed that 55.8% reported one or more musculoskeletal pain. Back pain was the most common, followed by neck and shoulder pain. The presence of pain, the number of painful body areas, and the presence of back, neck, and shoulder pain were each individually associated with work during nonworking hours, lower levels of exercise, and higher levels of burnout. It is argued that musculoskeletal pain appears to be common among teleworkers and may negatively impact the quality of life and organizational performance. Companies and occupational health practitioners should strive to identify the prevalence of these problems among their teleworkers, develop appropriate preventive measures, and support workers to obtain multidisciplinary care when needed.
Investigating the factors proposed in oral lichen planus malignant transformation: A literature review
Authors: Agha‐Hosseini Farzaneh , Moosavi Mahdieh‐Sadat , Ghaffarpour Mahdieh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsLichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects about 1% of the world's population. The World Health Organization has included oral lichen planus among potentially malignant disorders. Identification of reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of malignant transformation may play a unique role in the development of standard screening and improvement of follow‐up in patients with oral precancerous lesions. It is currently assumed that the molecular pathways controlling growth, maturation, proliferation, and apoptosis in epithelial cells may play an important role in the process of transformation into malignancy.MethodsThe search was done in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane databases from 1960 to 2022.ResultsBased on the inclusion criteria, 23 articles were included.ConclusionIn this review of articles, 34 different biomarkers that have been investigated in studies for the possibility of malignant transformation in OLP have been studied. Among all the risk factors related to malignant transformation, most studies have been done on the role of cytokines and tumor suppressors, in fact, the chronicity of the lesion which is the result of the reaction between the repair and the inflammatory response and the responses accompanied by the secretion of cytokines, may play a major role in the malignant transformation of OLP.
Association Between Combat‐Related Traumatic Injury and Skeletal Health: Bone Mineral Density Loss Is Localized and Correlates With Altered Loading in Amputees: the Armed Services Trauma Rehabilitation Outcome (ADVANCE) Study
Authors: McMenemy Louise , Behan Fearghal P. , Kaufmann Josh , Cain David , Bennett Alexander N. , Boos Christopher J. , Fear Nicola T. , Cullinan Paul , Bull Anthony M.J. , Phillips Andrew T.M. , McGregor Alison H. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe association between combat‐related traumatic injury (CRTI) and bone health is uncertain. A disproportionate number of lower limb amputees from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts are diagnosed with osteopenia/osteoporosis, increasing lifetime risk of fragility fracture and challenging traditional osteoporosis treatment paradigms. The aim of this study is to test the hypotheses that CRTI results in a systemic reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and that active traumatic lower limb amputees have localized BMD reduction, which is more prominent with higher level amputations. This is a cross‐sectional analysis of the first phase of a cohort study comprising 575 male adult UK military personnel with CRTI (UK‐Afghanistan War 2003 to 2014; including 153 lower limb amputees) who were frequency‐matched to 562 uninjured men by age, service, rank, regiment, deployment period, and role‐in‐theatre. BMD was assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning of the hips and lumbar spine. Femoral neck BMD was lower in the CRTI than the uninjured group (T‐score −0.08 versus −0.42 p = .000). Subgroup analysis revealed this reduction was significant only at the femoral neck of the amputated limb of amputees (p = 0.000), where the reduction was greater for above knee amputees than below knee amputees (p < 0.001). There were no differences in spine BMD or activity levels between amputees and controls. Changes in bone health in CRTI appear to be mechanically driven rather than systemic and are only evident in those with lower limb amputation. This may arise from altered joint and muscle loading creating a reduced mechanical stimulus to the femur resulting in localized unloading osteopenia. This suggests that interventions to stimulate bone may provide an effective management strategy. © 2023 Crown copyright and The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the King's Printer for Scotland.
Large volume plasmapheresis using a single‐use immunoadsorption column: A cost‐effective approach for desensitization in ABO‐incompatible liver transplant
Authors: Agarwal Sarika , Maheshwari Ashish , Bajpai Meenu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionLiver transplant is a life‐saving treatment, but due to the limited availability of suitable liver donors, ABO‐incompatible liver transplants (ABOi‐LT) are conducted to increase the availability of liver donors. Perioperative desensitization for ABOi‐LT is an established strategy to circumvent the risk of graft rejection. A single prolonged session can be performed to achieve the desired titers to avoid using multiple immunoadsorption (IA) columns or off‐label reuse of single‐use columns. This study retrospectively assessed the effectiveness of a single prolonged plasmapheresis session using IA as a desensitization strategy in live donor liver transplant (LDLT).Materials and methodsThis retrospective observational study conducted at a center for liver diseases in North India on six ABOi‐LDLT patients who underwent single prolonged IA sessions in the perioperative period from January 2018 to June 2021.ResultsMedian baseline titer in patients was 320 (64, 1024). The median plasma volume adsorbed was 7.5 volumes (4, 8) per procedure, with a mean procedure time of 600 min (310‐753). The reduction in titer ranged from 4 log to 7 log reduction per procedure. Two patients developed transient hypotension during the procedure, which was managed successfully. The median duration of pre‐transplant hospital stay was 1.5 days (1, 3).ConclusionDesensitization therapy helps overcome the ABO barrier and decreases the waiting period before a transplant when ABO identical donors are unavailable. A single prolonged IA session reduces the cost of additional IA columns and hospital stay, thus making it a cost‐effective approach to desensitization.
Enhanced removal of Sb(V) by iron‐spent bleaching earth carbon binary micro‐electrolysis system: performance and mechanism
Authors: Wan Dongjin , Wan Heyu , Shi Yahui , Jin Jingnan , Zhang Zhixiang , Lu Junjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this work, the construction of a zero‐valent iron‐loaded spent bleaching earth carbon binary micro‐electrolysis system (Fe0/SBE@C) was first developed for antimony(V) (Sb(V)) removal in water.RESULTSFe0/SBE@C at 4:1 Fe‐to‐SBE@C mass ratio can obtain satisfactory Sb(V) removal and less Fe dissolution under acid (pH 3) and neutral (pH 7) conditions. Sb(V) removal by Fe0/SBE@C accorded with a second‐order kinetic model. Activation energy of Fe0/SBE@C reaction for Sb(V) removal was 27.61 kJ mol−1. Optimal reaction conditions forecasted by the response surface method (RSM) was a dosage of 0.19 g L−1, a temperature of 45 °C and initial pH of 4.0, contributing to Sb(V) removal of 98.2%. Clearly, SO42− and Cl− (as electrolytes) had no obvious effect on Sb(V) removal; CO32−, PO43− and SiO32− showed obvious inhibition, likely due to iron passivation (pH > 10.5) and formation of precipitation (e.g., FeCO3, Fe(OH)2 and Fe2(SiO3)3); N2 atmosphere was more conducive to Sb(V) removal.CONCLUSIONSb(III) concentration in the solution was almost zero without adjusting the initial pH. It was deduced that Sb(V) removal in Fe0/SBE@C micro‐electrolysis system was probably the combined result of adsorption, coagulation and electrochemical reduction. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Pink tasks: Feminists and their preferences for premium beauty products
Authors: Harrold Mycah L. , Miller Chadwick J. , Perkins Andrew W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConsumers of different genders often have different consumption habits, especially pertaining to routine, daily practices. Anecdotal evidence, as well as scholarly research, suggests that feminists may experience conflicting pressures surrounding consumption associated with a feminine identity—such as applying make‐up, shaving one's legs, keeping fingernails manicured, and styling one's hair. We investigate how consumption experiences surrounding beauty work differ for feminists and nonfeminists. Employing a variety of methods—including online experiments (Studies 1 and 4), secondary data (Study 2), and a behavioral study (Study 3)—we demonstrate that feminists report higher preferences for premium beauty products than nonfeminists. Feminists’ preferences stem from associating beauty work with feelings of empowerment or, more specifically, self‐determination. We discuss implications for our work and conclude with a call for additional research examining how consumers experience consumption dictated by social standards and expectations rather than individual choice.
Self‐Assembly and In Situ Quaternization of Triblock Bottlebrush Block Copolymers via Organized Spontaneous Emulsification for Effective Loading of DNA
Authors: Wang Zhaoxu , Liu Qiujun , Liu Qian , Qi Hao , Li Yuesheng , Song Dong‐Po 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrospheres bearing large pores are useful in the capture and separation of biomolecules. However, pore size is typically poorly controlled, leading to disordered porous structures with limited performances. Herein, ordered porous spheres with a layer of cations on the internal surface of the nanopores are facilely fabricated in a single step for effective loading of DNA bearing negative charges. Triblock bottlebrush copolymers (BBCPs), (polynorbornene‐g‐polystyrene)‐b‐(polynorbornene‐g‐polyethylene oxide)‐b‐(polynorbornene‐g‐bromoethane) (PNPS‐b‐PNPEO‐b‐PNBr), are designed and synthesized for fabrication of the positively charged porous spheres through self‐assembly and in situ quaternization during an organized spontaneous emulsification (OSE) process. Pore diameter as well as charge density increase with the increase of PNBr content, resulting in a significant increase of loading density from 4.79 to 22.5 ng µg−1 within the spheres. This work provides a general strategy for efficient loading and encapsulation of DNA, which may be extended to a variety of different areas for different real applications.
A Phase 1B Trial in GBA1‐Associated Parkinson's Disease of BIA‐28‐6156, a Glucocerebrosidase Activator
Authors: den Heijer Jonas M. , Kruithof Annelieke C. , Moerland Matthijs , Walker Mike , Dudgeon Lindsay , Justman Craig , Solomini Imelda , Splitalny Leslie , Leymarie Nancy , Khatri Kshitij , Cullen Valerie C. , Hilt Dana C. , Groeneveld Geert Jan , Lansbury Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLoss‐of‐function mutations in the GBA1 gene are one of the most common genetic risk factors for onset of Parkinson's disease and subsequent progression (GBA‐PD). GBA1 encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), a promising target for a possible first disease‐modifying therapy. LTI‐291 is an allosteric activator of GCase, which increases the activity of normal and mutant forms of GCase.ObjectivesThis first‐in‐patient study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of 28 daily doses of LTI‐291 in GBA‐PD.MethodsThis was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in 40 GBA‐PD participants. Twenty‐eight consecutive daily doses of 10, 30, or 60 mg of LTI‐291 or placebo were administered (n = 10 per treatment allocation). Glycosphingolipid (glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide) levels were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and a test battery of neurocognitive tasks, the Movement Disorder Society‐Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and the Mini‐Mental State Exam, were performed.ResultsLTI‐291 was generally well tolerated, no deaths or treatment‐related serious adverse events occurred, and no participants withdrew due to adverse events. Cmax, and AUC0–6 of LTI‐291 increased in a dose‐proportional manner, with free CSF concentrations equal to the free fraction in plasma. A treatment‐related transient increase in intracellular glucosylceramide (GluCer) in PBMCs was measured.ConclusionThese first‐in‐patient studies demonstrated that LTI‐291 was well tolerated when administered orally for 28 consecutive days to patients with GBA‐PD. Plasma and CSF concentrations that are considered pharmacologically active were reached (ie, sufficient to at least double GCase activity). Intracellular GluCer elevations were detected. Clinical benefit will be assessed in a larger long‐term trial in GBA‐PD. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Construction of a competency index system for shift nurses in China: A Delphi study
Authors: Liu Jiao , Qiu Huifang , Zhang Xiaohong , He Fang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis study developed a set of competency evaluation indicators for shift work nurses in China.BackgroundNurses on night shifts must deal with the treatment, nursing, and management work, which requires excellent competency of night shift nurses in their knowledge, skills, and ability. However, the competency evaluation index system for shift work nurses has not been established yet in China.MethodsThis study performed a literature review and semi‐structured interviews to draft the preliminary competency evaluation indicators for nursing shift work. The Delphi technique was adopted to administer two rounds of questionnaires on 21 nursing experts.ResultsThe positive coefficients of experts in the two rounds were 100% and 90.48%, respectively, whereas the authority coefficients were 0.974 and 0.971, respectively. The coefficients of variation were 0.00–0.26 and 0.00–0.16, respectively. The competency evaluation index system for shift work nurses consisted of 2 first‐level indicators, 16 second‐level indicators, and 67 third‐level indicators.ConclusionThe competency index system of shift work nurses is scientific and applicable.Implications for Nursing ManagementThe competency evaluation index system of shift work nurses would provide an effective practical framework for shift nursing administration to evaluate, train, and assess the competency of shift work nurses.
Senescence markers in subcutaneous preadipocytes differ in childhood‐ versus adult‐onset obesity before and after weight loss
Authors: Murphy Jessica , Tam Bjorn T. , Kirkland James L. , Tchkonia Tamara , Giorgadze Nino , Pirtskhalava Tamar , Tsoukas Michael A. , Morais José A. , Santosa Sylvia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of age of obesity onset on senescence‐related markers in abdominal (AB) and femoral (FEM) subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) before and after moderate (~10%) weight loss.MethodsAB and FEM SAT were collected from human females with childhood‐onset obesity (CO) or adult‐onset obesity (AO) before and after diet‐ and exercise‐induced weight loss. Immunofluorescence analysis of γH2AX/RAD51 (DNA damage/repair markers) and p53/p21 (senescence markers) was conducted in cultured preadipocytes, and senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) activity was measured in SAT.ResultsCO had proportionately more AB and FEM preadipocytes with DNA damage (γH2AX+) and senescence markers (p53+ and/or p21+) than AO at baseline. The proportion of γH2AX+ FEM preadipocytes declined with weight loss in CO and was similar between groups after weight loss. The number of γH2AX foci in γH2AX+ preadipocytes decreased similarly between groups and regions with weight loss in parallel with an increase in RAD51. The proportion of p53+ and p21+ preadipocytes and SA‐β‐gal+ cells in SAT did not change with weight loss, but the total p21 intensity in p53+/p21+ FEM preadipocytes declined in AO.ConclusionsThese results provide preliminary evidence that females with CO have an accelerated preadipocyte aging state that improves with weight loss in terms of DNA damage but not senescence.
Synthesis and Properties of Twisted and Helical Azulene Oligomers and Azulene‐Based Polycyclic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Tsuchiya Takahiro , Higashibeppu Makoto , Mazaki Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe construction of 1,2‐position‐connected azulene oligomers was achieved. In the crystal packing structure of the terazulene, two molecules of (Ra)‐ and (Sa)‐configurations formed a pair. Variable temperature NMR measurements and theoretical calculations of the quaterazulene suggest that the helical and syn‐type structure with terminal azulene overlap is more stable. Two kinds of fused terazulenes (1,2′′‐closed and 1,8′′‐closed) were also synthesized by intramolecular Pd‐catalyzed C−H/C−Br arylation of the terazulene moieties. X‐ray structure analysis of 1,2′′‐closed terazulene revealed a planar structure, while an analysis of 1,8′′‐closed terazulene performed on a C60 co‐crystal revealed a curved structure forming a 1 : 1 complex covering the co‐crystal. Nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS) calculations carried out for the central seven‐membered ring of 1,8′′‐closed terazulene showed a positive value, suggesting anti‐aromatic properties.
Collaborative supernumerary nasal tooth extraction by nasal and intraoral approaches
Authors: Sukegawa Shintaro , Samukawa Yasushi , Akiyama Kosuke , Nakai Yasuhiro , Miyazaki Ryo , Miyake Minoru 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this report was to describe an effective technique by which a fractured intranasal supernumerary tooth was pushed from the oral cavity side toward the nasal cavity.Case presentationA 6‐year‐old female with two maxillary supernumerary median impacted teeth, including an intranasal tooth, performed teeth extraction. The surgical procedure was a collaboration operation of oral and maxillofacial surgery and otorhinolaryngology. By pushing the fractured tooth in the nasal cavity from the oral cavity toward the nasal cavity, the remaining root in her maxilla could be easily removed from the nasal cavity with an endoscope.ConclusionCollaboration surgery of the intraoral and nasal approaches could achieve minimally invasive surgery for the removal of the remaining fractured root of intranasal teeth.
Child and family perceptions of satisfaction with neutropenia management in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Szymczak Julia E. , Getz Kelly D. , Madding Rachel , Shuster Sydney , Aftandilian Catherine , Arnold Staci D. , Collier Anderson B. , Gramatges Maria M. , Henry Meret , Hijiya Nobuko , Mian Amir , Raetz Elizabeth , Fisher Brian T. , Aplenc Richard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeChemotherapy for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is very intensive and many, but not all centers, require extended hospitalization until neutrophil recovery. Child and family preferences, beliefs, and experiences around hospitalization have not been systematically assessed.Patients and methodsWe recruited children with AML and their parents from nine pediatric cancer centers across the United States for a qualitative interview about their experiences of neutropenia management. Interviews were analyzed using a conventional content analysis approach.ResultsOf 116 eligible individuals, 86 (74.1%) agreed to participate. Interviews were conducted with 32 children and 54 parents from 57 families. Of these 57 families, 39 were cared for as inpatients and 18 were managed as outpatients. A very high proportion of respondents in both groups reported satisfaction with the discharge management strategy recommended by the treating institution: 86% (57 individuals) of respondents who experienced inpatient management and 85% (17 individuals) of respondents who experienced outpatient management expressed satisfaction. Respondent perceptions associated with satisfaction related to safety (access to emergency interventions, infection risk, close monitoring) and psychosocial concerns (family separation, low morale, social support). Respondents believed it could not be assumed that all children would have the same experience due to varied life circumstances.ConclusionChildren with AML and their parents express a very high degree of satisfaction with the discharge strategy recommended by their treating institution. Respondents saw a nuanced tradeoff between patient safety and psychosocial concerns that was mediated by a child's life circumstances.
Sulfur‐based functional groups in agrochemistry
Authors: Jeanguenat Andre , Lamberth Clemens 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe element sulfur has an outstanding role in the crop protection chemistry because it is used in its elemental form as a multisite fungicide, but is also part of agrochemicals in the form of aromatic or aliphatic sulfur‐containing rings or sulfur‐based functional groups. This review gives an exhaustive overview over the latter category. Several fundamental agrochemical compound classes are named after a sulfur‐based functionality, such as the dithiocarbamate fungicides and sulfonylurea herbicides. Altogether, 16 different sulfur‐based functional groups are presented with their typical synthesis approaches and most important representatives in crop protection. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.