bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterocyclic Merging of Stereochemically Diverse Chiral Piperazines and Morpholines with Indazoles
Authors: Viveki Amol B. , Mansfield Timothy M. , Tran Kevin A. , Lenkeit Evan , MacKenzie Kevin R. , Young Damian W. , Chamakuri Srinivas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe report a heterocyclic merging approach to construct novel indazolo‐piperazines and indazolo‐morpholines. Starting from chiral diamines and amino alcohols, novel regiochemically (1,3 and 1,4) and stereochemically diverse (relative and absolute) cohorts of indazolo‐piperazines and indazolo‐morpholines were obtained within six or seven steps. The key transformations involved are a Smiles rearrangement to generate the indazole core structure and a late‐stage Michael addition to build the piperazine and morpholine heterocycles. We further explored additional vector diversity by incorporating substitutions on the indazole aromatic ring, generating a total of 20 unique, enantiomerically pure heterocyclic scaffolds.
An effective cryptanalysis of DES for secure communication using hybrid cryptanalysis and deep neural network
Authors: F Margret Sharmila , Karuppasamy K. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryIn today's world, information security plays a key role in data storage and communication owing to the modern evolution of digitized data interchange in electronic mode. Cryptography is a widely preferred technique for securing transmitted information by transforming the original text into cipher text. A few cryptographic techniques have the inability to protect the data which are vulnerable to a distinct class of attacks. Therefore, a reliable cryptographic technique is necessitated for enlarging information security. In this paper, a new hybrid cryptanalysis (HCA) model has been proposed to acquire optimal cryptanalysis of data encryption standard (DES). It combines linear cryptanalysis (LCA) and neural cryptanalysis (NCA) for enhancing the performance of the cryptographic system with minimal time complexity. Primarily, the HCA model employs LCA to break cryptographic codes by analyzing linear approximations of the cryptographic algorithm. NCA is then applied with the aid of a deep neural network for identifying patterns in larger datasets. These patterns can be further utilized to break encryption. The efficacy of the proposed HCA model will be assessed through the assessment of three different datasets. The results manifest that the accuracy of the proposed model is increased up to 97.66% and the time needed to break encryption can be reduced.
Systems Engineering applied in the construction industry to achieve a BREEAM certification
Authors: Helseth Hanne Lunden , Haskins Cecilia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBuildings have environmental impacts over their entire life cycle, which often exceed 50 years. Today buildings are responsible for 40‐50% of all energy usage and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions globally. Green constructions are gaining increased attention, and a variety of building certifications provide a rating system designed to help develop buildings that are more sustainable, i.e., energy efficient, with zero emissions. BREEAM is a well‐known certificate with a clear outcome, and by satisfying different targets a building may gain points to achieve a certain benchmark rating. The construction industry in the last decade has shown an increased interest in Systems Engineering (SE). This thesis investigates the barriers to BREEAM and considers whether SE practices can help systematize the assessment process and make it less resource intensive. The research shows that there is a desire in the industry for a more systematic approach to achieving a BREEAM certification. The results indicate that an early life phase investment with a high focus on the requirements, in addition to a systematic use of the V‐model and hierarchy diagram, is useful.
By Any Other Name: Enabling Systems Engineering in an Unsupportive Environment
Authors: Arnold Eileen , McKinney Dorothy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEngineers may find themselves in an organization which does not value systems engineering, or worse, in an organization which is hostile to systems engineering practices. The purpose of this paper is to help such engineers do effective systems engineering despite the lack of support. This paper offers a description of the variation found in top management beliefs and engineering cultures to aid in a diagnosis of the workplace environment. This paper then offers suggestions for appropriate actions suitable to each combination of top management belief and cultural support or hindrance for systems engineering practices. These actions may help individual engineers to implement effective systems engineering despite hindrances from the organizational culture or top management. Several case studies are included to illustrate how the approaches described have been implemented in their own experience.
Systems Engineering Integration and Test Challenges due to Security Measures in a Cloud‐Based System
Authors: Dano Eric B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCloud based systems have become popular with company's Chief Information Officers and Chief Technical Officers due to their ability to support a wide range of Web based applications and services including; scalability to allow users to increase/decrease their cloud footprint real time based on demand, load balancing to optimize computing performance, and failover which allows processing/memory assets to be reassigned real time when a failure is detected or predicted on the current processing assets. In addition, organizations can lower their Information Technology (IT) costs by deferring their infrastructure maintenance/costs to the Cloud Service Provider (CSP). However, Cloud‐based security threats and mitigations are well documented in literature, and address multiple client side, network, and cloud side (service/application and data) vulnerabilities. Defined mitigations include the use of access control, encryption, key management, digital signatures, and intrusion detection/prevention systems to yield a secure cloud‐based system. Implementing these security measures adds significant system functionality to the already complex cloud‐based system that must be assessed by the system architect. The additional requirements and development must be managed by the systems engineering team, and the increased integration and test must be addressed by the systems engineering integration and test lead. This paper will highlight the scope growth realized when a system interfaces into the cloud, relative to equivalent non‐cloud based systems. The added scope will be shown to include the development, integration and test of security related hardware and software configuration items, development of significant integrated test equipment/test vectors to verify the security functionality over a wide range of conditions, multiple cooperative systems/software led activities to analyze and test software throughout its development, and the system accreditation efforts to get authorization to tie into the cloud. With this information, the systems engineering leads will have a better understanding of the challenges involved with integrating and testing a cloud‐based system and can then properly plan and budget for this activity. This paper will focus specifically on a public cloud based implementation. Hybrid and private cloud implementations will not be addressed herein.
Multi‐Disciplinary Insights into Measurement and Assessment for SoS
Authors: Pratt Jaci M , Cook Stephen C 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe assessment of performance and quality is essential to the engineering and evolution of Systems of Systems (SoS); however, there has been limited discussion of SoS measurement and evaluation in the literature. This paper reviews the measurement and assessment literature across multiple disciplines to address this gap and applies constructive research to design principles and concepts for SoS evaluation. Relevant challenges and best practice elements are identified within each discipline for comparison against the nature and characteristics of Systems of Systems. These elements are then synthesized into three key areas necessary for SoS evaluation: measure development, determination of good metrics, and assessment. While further work has been identified and initiated on methods for the generation of such metrics, this study provides practitioners with the core practices and principles necessary to enable tailored and enhanced SoS assessment.
Revisiting the role of total fatty matter in soap bars
Authors: Dastidar Sudipta Ghosh , Yarovoy Yury , Leopoldino Sergio R. , Agarwal Parakh , Ghosh Chandrasekar , Bangal Amalendu , Perala Siva Rama Krishna , Chakrapani Hitesh G. , Joseph Maya T. , Vincent Carol , Rodseth Clare , Katz Melissa , Singh Vaishali , Hegishte Swapnil , King Henry , Ghatlia Naresh , Sanzgiri Vibhav , Raut Janhavi S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMore than 10 million tonnes of metal salts of fatty acids are manufactured worldwide every year, to create a range of soft condensed‐matter cosmetic products such as bar soaps, liquid washes, deodorant sticks, skin creams, toothpastes, and so on. These salts, popularly known as soaps, mainly use palm or tallow‐based oils as the source of fatty acids. Soap bars comprised of more than 80% soaps alone account for a significant part of the global oil/fat footprint in non‐edible usage. The COVID pandemic highlighted the need for hygiene and germ protection, thereby driving the consumption of soap bars further. Providing these personal hygiene assets to all strata of society while minimizing the negative impact on the environment through increased material consumption is a critical challenge faced by the soap industry today. Considerable research is ongoing toward making more sustainable soap bars by reducing the use of oils/fats without compromising the sensory and functional performance. Another challenge faced is that in many geographies, soap bars must comply with regulatory standards which mandate minimum levels of oils/fats (called TFM—total fatty matter) in the product with no reference to the performance or benefits provided. What this paper will demonstrate is that there are technologies to manufacture soap bars that meet the desired product performance independent of the level of TFM. These technologies have the potential to provide formulation flexibility and environmental benefits by opening the ingredient space and cutting down significantly on greenhouse gas emissions through reduced consumption of oils.
Routine Contrasted Chest CT Accurately Identifies Anatomic Variations of the Proximal Subscapular System
Authors: Hairston Hayden , Gardner James R. , Hagood Joshua , King Deanne L. , Vural Emre A. , Moreno Mauricio A. , Benson Donald G. , Sunde Jumin 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe vascular anatomy of the proximal subscapular artery has been previously classified into 2 major types depending on the presence of a common subscapular trunk. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility, reliability, and cost of routine chest imaging to identify these anatomical variations.MethodsData were collected retrospectively at a tertiary medical center for patients who were undergoing CT chest for various indications between October 2019 and October 2020. Two independent and blinded readers interpreted CT chest with contrast of 52 patients for a total 104 sides.ResultsThe proximal branching pattern of the subscapular system was identified to have a common trunk in 99 (95%) sides. The remaining five sides (5%) demonstrated two arterial pedicles; with one patient exhibiting the variant anatomy bilaterally.ConclusionPreoperative CT chest with contrast can accurately identify anatomic variation of the subscapular vascular system. For complex reconstruction requiring a single anastomosis in the vessel depleted neck, preoperative imaging can assure selection of a type I vascular anatomy of the proximal subscapular system. Preoperative imaging with contrasted CT has value in assessing this anatomy when planning for chimeric flaps involving circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:684–687, 2024
Prevalence of Postpartum Depression in Mothers Presenting to a Pediatric Otolaryngology Clinic
Authors: Klatzkow Hannah , Gitomer Sarah , St. John‐Larkin Celeste , Scholes Melissa Anne , Cooper Emily 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo further understand specific risk factors for the development of postpartum depression (PPD) amongst mothers of infants with common otolaryngologic diagnoses.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed to screen for PPD in mothers of infants presenting to the pediatric otolaryngology clinic. After obtaining consent for inclusion, subjects were administered the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, which was completed during the visit. The primary outcome measure was the rate of positive screening, with additional data obtained to include demographic and diagnostic information.ResultsThe overall rate for positive PPD screening in included subjects was 18.8%. An increased rate of positive PPD screening was demonstrated amongst the subgroups of frequent noisy breathing (25%) and lip tie (26.7%).ConclusionThis study provides additional insight into risk factors for the development of PPD. This highlights the potential benefit of increased screening within the population of mothers presenting to the pediatric otolaryngologic clinic, which could improve long‐term health outcomes for both mother and child.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:973–976, 2024
Capacity choice with upstream investment
Authors: Hu Qing , Mizuno Tomomichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe consider a vertically related market with an upstream firm engaging in cost‐reducing investment and
downstream firms competing on quantity. We analyze the capacity choice by downstream firms. We find that input price decreases with production capacity if many downstream firms exist or the investment is efficient. More importantly, in the previous research, it is shown that the duopolistic downstream firms always choose undercapacity in a vertical market with an upstream firm. However, we find that overcapacity occurs in equilibrium if the number of downstream firms is large or the upstream investment is efficient.
Climate‐driven ‘species‐on‐the‐move’ provide tangible anchors to engage the public on climate change
Authors: Pecl Gretta T. , Kelly Rachel , Lucas Chloe , van Putten Ingrid , Badhe Renuka , Champion Curtis , Chen I‐Ching , Defeo Omar , Gaitan‐Espitia Juan Diego , Evengård Birgitta , Fordham Damien A. , Guo Fengyi , Henriques Romina , Henry Sabine , Lenoir Jonathan , McGhie Henry , Mustonen Tero , Oliver Stephen , Pettorelli Nathalie , Pinsky Malin L. , Potts Warren , Santana‐Garcon Julia , Sauer Warwick , Stensgaard Anna‐Sofie , Tingley Morgan W. , Verges Adriana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Over recent decades, our understanding of climate change has accelerated greatly, but unfortunately, observable impacts have increased in tandem. Both mitigation and adaptation have not progressed at the level or scale warranted by our collective knowledge on climate change. More effective approaches to engage people on current and future anthropogenic climate change effects are urgently needed.

Here, we show how species whose distributions are shifting in response to climate change, that is, ‘species‐on‐the‐move’, present an opportunity to engage people with climate change by linking to human values, and our deep connections with the places in which we live, in a locally relevant yet globally coherent narrative.

Species‐on‐the‐move can impact ecosystem structure and function, food security, human health, livelihoods, culture and even the climate itself through feedback to the climate system, presenting a wide variety of potential pathways for people to understand that climate change affects them personally as individuals.

Citizen science focussed on documenting changes in biodiversity is one approach to foster a deeper engagement on climate change. However, other possible avenues, which may offer potential to engage people currently unconnected with nature, include arts, games or collaborations with rural agriculture (e.g. new occurrences of pest species) or fisheries organisations (e.g. shifting stocks) or healthcare providers (e.g. changing distributions of disease vectors).

Through the importance we place on the aspects of life impacted by the redistribution of species around us, species‐on‐the‐move offer emotional pathways to connect with people on the complex issue of climate change in profound ways that have the potential to engender interest and action on climate change.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Rifampicin‐induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis during pulmonary tuberculosis treatment: A case report
Authors: Moussa Chirine , Esbaa Samia , Rouis Houda , Sellami Nada , Hajji Meriam , Houcine Yoldez , Khattab Amel , Khouaja Ibtihel , Zendah Ines , Maâlej Sonia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDrug‐induced tubulointerstitial nephritis is an uncommon complication in patients on anti‐tuberculosis therapy that can lead to permanent kidney damage. Rifampicin is the most offending drug. We report a case of a 41‐years old man being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis and presenting with tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with rifampicin. We focus on diagnosis features and therapeutic challenges.
Active Components of Rosa laevigata Michx. Isolated Using Activity‐Guided Methods Based on LC‐MS/MS for Treating Alzheimer's Disease through Multitarget Mechanisms
Authors: Gao Pinyi , Cheng Yan , Si Xingxing , Li Jialuo , Zhang Wenchao , Zhang Lixin , Li Lingzhi , Liu Xuegui , Li Danqi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRosa laevigata Michx., a member of the Rosaceae family, is a famous traditional Chinese medicine and edible food in Asian countries. The major active ingredient is triterpenoid, which has anti‐Alzheimer's Disease (AD), antioxidant and neuroprotection properties. However, the properties of “multi‐component structure” and “multi‐directional target” make it impossible to explain the molecular mechanism by conventional ways. The present study aimed to predict the multi‐target mechanisms of triterpenoids in R. laevigata against AD using high performance liquid chromatography equipped with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (HPLC‐Q‐TOF MS) approach, network pharmacology analysis, dynamics simulation (MDs) and validation of the predicted results with straight‐target tests as well as neuroprotection model. Firstly, bioassay‐guided fractionation of R. laevigata integrated with LC‐MS/MS analysis of the most prospective enriched fractions in terms of anti‐AD efficacy was commenced. Subsequently, multi‐level network model of “multi components‐multi‐targets‐multiple pathways” was established based on the identification of 69 triterpenoids. Complementarily, 64 AD‐related targets were identified through various databases. Network structure analysis illuminated that the intricate pharmacological mechanisms improving cognitive dysfunction of AD was superiorly combined with the crucial targets of APP, APOE, VEGFA, IL1B, MAPT, PSEN1 and BACE and further regulation of principal pathways as HIF‐1 and Calcium signaling pathways. In addition, AChE, BChE and BACE inhibitory activities in vitro showed that nine compounds exhibited potential inhibitory activities. The neuroprotective effects also had a similar effect on H2O2‐induced SH‐SY5Y cell injury. The results show that R. laevigata and its bioactive triterpenoids can pave the way for potential application as inhibitors for treatment of AD.
Solvent‐free selective oxidation of ethylbenzene with molecular oxygen catalyzed by cobalt catalysts supported on exfoliated carbon nitride
Authors: Zhu Ye , Yu Lin‐Zhi , Wang Fei , Xu Jie , Xue Bing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (eg‐C3N4) material was applied as a support to load cobalt catalysts (CoOx/eg‐C3N4) through a simple impregnation method. The physical and chemical properties of the synthesized CoOx/eg‐C3N4materials were characterized by a series of analytic techniques including XRD, SEM, FT‐IR, UV–vis, and XPS. The characterization results revealed that the introduction of Co2+species had not altered the graphitic structure of eg‐C3N4. The Co2+species probably coordinatively interact with the nitrogen‐containing group of eg‐C3N4. The catalytic performances of the CoOx/eg‐C3N4were evaluated in the solvent‐free selective oxidation of ethylbenzene (EB) using molecular oxygen as an oxidant. Among the 3CoOx/eg‐C3N4materials with various preparation temperatures, 3CoOx/eg‐C3N4‐400 exhibited the highest EB conversion, which was owing to its superior percentages of Co2+and tertiary nitrogen species.
A Triazole‐Based Covalent Gel Loaded with Cu/Pd Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Efficient Catalytic Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Wu Jinyi , Cui Jiawei , Ma Shasha , Zhang Jianyong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetal nanoparticles immobilized in the confined space are a catalogue of efficient and widely used catalysts. Herein we develop a gel‐based bimetallic nanoparticle catalytic system with different ratios of Pd/Cu NPs by wet impregnation and reduction using a stable covalent gel (triazole‐A1B1) as a porous support. Triazole‐A1B1 gel is synthesized from 1,4‐diazidobenzene (A1) and tetrakis(4‐ethynylphenyl)methane (B1) via Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne clcloaddition. The bimetallic Pd/Cu metal nanoparticles are highly dispersed and uniformly distributed with an average particle size distribution of 2.06–3.29 nm. Cu/Pd@A1B1 shows high catalytic efficiency in catalyzing Sonogashira‐Hagihara and Mizoroki‐Heck coupling reactions. The introduction of oxygenophilic Cu effectively improves the catalytic activity of the system. In addition, Cu1Pd2@A1B1 shows good reusability. Especially, it can be reused five times and maintains high catalytic activity without significant deactivation in Mizoroki‐Heck coupling reaction.
Uncovering Adenosine‐Specific Signals: A Label‐Free Aptamer‐Based Approach with Gold Nanoparticles for Specific Detection
Authors: Ngoc Tran Bich , Thanh Pham Hien , Ngoc Pham Mai Thi , Anh Nguyen Huong Thi , Nguyen Quang Duc , Nguyen Huong Thu , Tu Minh Binh , Pham Bach 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a novel colorimetric aptasensing method for specific adenosine (Ade) detection based on complementary aptamer hybridization and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Unlike traditional approaches, our method overcomes limitations of selectivity and specificity by incorporating an additional step involving the complementary strand of the aptamer (c‐Ade aptamer) after incubating Ade with the aptamer. In the absence of Ade, the c‐Ade aptamer hybridizes with the aptamer, causing AuNPs aggregation and a blue color change. However, in the presence of Ade, the aptamer‐bound target prevents hybridization, allowing the free c‐Ade aptamer to adsorb onto the AuNPs, resulting in a red color change. This unique color reversal distinguishes our approach from conventional label‐free methods. We optimized the detection conditions, including incubation time and salt concentration, to enhance sensitivity and reproducibility. The calibration curve exhibited a linear relationship between the colorimetric response and Ade concentration, with a limit of detection of 3.0±0.8 nM. Our method demonstrated excellent selectivity for Ade, even in the presence of structurally similar interfering compounds. Furthermore, we successfully applied our approach to detect Ade in complex biological samples with minimal sample preparation. Our colorimetric aptasensing method offers a simple, cost‐effective, and specific tool for detecting targets in various applications.