bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Drying Process of Grains
Authors: Jimoh Kabiru Ayobami , Hashim Norhashila , Shamsudin Rosnah , Man Hasfalina Che , Jahari Mahirah , Onwude Daniel I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGrain drying is a vital operation in preparing finished grain products such as flour, drinks, confectioneries and infant food. The grain drying kinetics is governed by the heat and mass transfer process between the grain and the environment. Incomplete, improper and over-drying are crucial to the grain quality and negatively influence the acceptance of the grain by the consumers. Dried grain moisture content is a critical factor for developing grain drying systems and selecting optimal performance by researchers and the grain processing industry. Many grain drying technologies such as fluidised bed dryers, fixed bed dryers, infrared dryers, microwave dryers, vacuum dryers and freeze dryers have been used in recent years. To improve the drying process of grain, researchers have combined some drying technologies such as microwave + hot air, infrared + hot air and microwave + a fluidised bed dryer. Also, they introduce some treatments such as ultrasound dielectric and dehumidification. These methods enhance the dryer performance, such as higher moisture removal, reduced processing time, higher energy efficiency and nutrient retention. Therefore, this review focused on the drying conditions, time, energy consumption, nutrient retention and cost associated with the reduction of moisture content in grain to a suitable safe level for further processing and storage.
Automated damage detection for port structures using machine learning algorithms in heightfields
Authors: Hake Frederic , Lippmann Paula , Alkhatib Hamza , Oettel Vincent , Neumann Ingo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMarine infrastructures such as harbours, bridges, and locks are particularly exposed to salt water and are therefore subject to increasing deterioration. This makes regular inspection of the structures necessary. The inspection is carried out manually, using divers under water. To improve this costly and time-consuming process, we propose to scan the surface and underwater structure of the port with a multi-sensor system (MSS) and classify the obtained point cloud into damaged and undamaged areas fully automatically. The MSS consists of a high-resolution hydro-acoustic underwater multi-beam echo-sounder, an above-water profile laser scanner, and five HDR cameras. In addition to the IMU-GPS/GNSS method known from various applications, hybrid referencing with automatically tracking total stations is used for positioning. The key research idea relies on 3D data from TLS, multi-beam or dense image matching. For this purpose, we build a rasterised heightfield of the point cloud of a harbour structure by reducing the CAD-based geometry from the measured 3D point cloud. To do this, we fit regular shapes into the point cloud and determine the distance of the points to the geometry. To detect anomalies in the data, we use two methods in our approach. First, we use the VGG19 Deep Neural Network (DNN), and second, we use the Local-Outlier-Factors (LOF) method. To test and validate the developed methods, training data was simulated. Afterwards, the developed methods were evaluated on real data set in Lübeck, Germany, which were acquired with the developed Multi-Sensor-System (MSS). In contrast to the traditional, manual method by divers, we have presented an approach that allows for automated, consistent, and complete damage detection. We have achieved an accuracy of 90.5% for the method. The approach can also be applied to other infrastructures such as tunnels and bridges.
Using GIS and Geostatistical Techniques to Identify Neanderthal Campsites at archaeolevel Ob at Abric Romaní
Authors: Gabucio Maria Joana , Bargalló Amèlia , Saladié Palmira , Romagnoli Francesca , Chacón M. Gema , Vallverdú Josep , Vaquero Manuel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough intra-site spatial approaches are considered a key factor when interpreting archaeological assemblages, these are often based on descriptive, qualitative, and subjective observations. Currently, within the framework of research into spatial taphonomy and palimpsest dissection, several studies have begun to employ more quantitative and objective techniques, implementing tools such as geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) methods. This is precisely the approach that the Abric Romaní team is following. In this work, we present GIS and geostatistics methods applied to the faunal and lithic assemblages from archaeolevel Ob, including an analysis of the spatial structure, the identification of clusters and sectors, size and fabric analyses, the projection of vertical profiles, and the reconstruction of a digital elevation model of the paleosurface. The results obtained indicate a clustered distribution, primarily concentrated into four dense accumulations. The predominance of remains < 3 cm in length and the absence of preferential orientations make it possible to rule out a generalised postdepositional movement affecting most of the site, although some local movement has been identified. The horizontal and vertical spatial analyses allow us to identify accumulations of a single material (lithic or faunal) in addition to mixed accumulations (lithic and faunal). Integrating all this data with the results of previous studies (zooarchaeological, refits, combustion structures, and partial lithic technological analyses), we evaluate and combine the interpretations proposed previously using different approaches, thereby improving the overall interpretation of the archaeolevel Ob. Finally, we also develop a preliminary comparison between Ob and some other levels at the same site (in particular M and P).
History, current status, and future vision of particle-tracking simulation applied to marine biology, fisheries science, and ecological engineering around Japan
Authors: Kuroda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo understand and manage marine ecosystems for conservation, particle-tracking simulation based on a realistic ocean model is one of the most basic and essential scientific numerical techniques for a multidisciplinary approach. In Japanese waters, this technique was first used under somewhat simplified conditions in the 1980s, and then it continued to be developed, with the number of studies using this technique increasing drastically after the mid-2000s. At that time, mesoscale eddy-resolving ocean forecast systems moved into operational phase, and since then, those reanalysis or analysis products have been publicly shared among scientists. This article provides an overview of the history and current status of particle-tracking simulation for marine biology around Japan (e.g., target species, ocean models utilized, configurations and timescales of particle-tracking models, and related biological data) and summarizes the scientific resources to be maintained and some issues to be resolved in the next future step.
Conceptualising critical mathematical thinking in young students
Authors: Monteleone Chrissy , Miller Jodie , Warren Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
International curriculum and policy directions have called to embed critical thinking across discipline areas including mathematics; however, conceptually, this is under-theorised and under-researched in the field of mathematics education. This paper presents the conceptualisation of critical mathematical thinking (CMT) and the application of a literature informed conceptual framework; in particular, it examines what CMT capabilities young students exhibit as they enter formal schooling. We present the findings from one-on-one task-based interviews, undertaken with 16 young students (aged 5–6) as a means to investigate their CMT capabilities and refine the CMT framework. The interview data were analysed using the new critical mathematical thinking conceptual framework. The data confirms the definition and understanding of CMT in young students, indicating a need for curriculum refinement, improved teaching practices, and further research in this area.
Fatty acid synthase as a new therapeutic target for HER2-positive gastric cancer
Authors: Castagnoli Lorenzo , Corso Simona , Franceschini Alma , Raimondi Alessandra , Bellomo Sara Erika , Dugo Matteo , Morano Federica , Prisciandaro Michele , Brich Silvia , Belfiore Antonino , Vingiani Andrea , Di Bartolomeo Maria , Pruneri Giancarlo , Tagliabue Elda , Giordano Silvia , Pietrantonio Filippo , Pupa Serenella M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Trastuzumab is an HER2-specific agent approved as the gold-standard therapy for advanced HER2-positive (HER2+) gastric cancer (GC), but the high rate and rapid appearance of resistance limit its clinical efficacy, resulting in the need to identify new vulnerabilities. Defining the drivers influencing HER2+ cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance/survival could represent a clinically useful strategy to counteract tumor growth and therapy resistance. Accumulating evidence show that targeting crucial metabolic hubs, as the fatty acid synthase (FASN), may be clinically relevant.

Methods
FASN protein and transcript expression were examined by WB and FACS and by qRT-PCR and GEP analyses, respectively, in trastuzumab-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ GC cell lines cultured in adherent (2D) or gastrosphere promoting (3D) conditions. Molecular data were analyzed in silico in public HER2+ GC datasets. The effectiveness of the FASN inhibitor TVB3166 to overcome anti-HER2 therapy resistance was tested in vitro in gastrospheres forming efficiency bioassays and in vivo in mice bearing trastuzumab-resistant GC cells.

Results
We compared the transcriptome profiles of HER2+ GC cells cultured in 2D versus 3D conditions finding a significant enrichment of FASN in 3D cultures. FASN upregulation significantly correlated with high stemness score and poor prognosis in HER2+ GC cases. TVB3166 treatment significantly decreased GCSCs in all cell targets. HER2 and FASN cotargeting significantly decreased the capability to form gastrospheres versus monotherapy and reduced the in vivo growth of trastuzumab-resistant GC cells.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that cotargeting HER2 and FASN increase the benefit of anti-HER2 therapy representing a new opportunity for metabolically combating trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ GC.
Anorexia nervosa and microbiota: systematic review and critical appraisal
Authors: Garcia Naomi , Gutierrez Emilio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Recent studies have reported a gut microbiota imbalance or dysbiosis associated with anorexia nervosa (AN), which has prompted an appraisal of its aetiological role, and the reformulation of AN as a metabo-psychiatric disorder. Thus, the aim of this paper was to critically review the current scientific findings regarding the role of microbiota in anorexia nervosa.

Methods
A systematic study of peer-reviewed literature published in four databases between 2009 and 2022 was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Both human and animal studies were included.

Results
A total of 18 studies were included. In animal models, both the preclinical and clinical findings were inconsistent regarding microbiota composition, faecal metabolite concentrations, and the effects of human faecal microbiota transplants.

Conclusion
The methodological limitations, lack of standardisation, and conceptual ambiguity hinder the analysis of microbiota as a key explanatory factor for AN.

Level of evidence
Level I, systematic review.
3D Printed Integrated Gradient-Conductive MXene/CNT/Polyimide Aerogel Frames for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding with Ultra-Low Reflection
Authors: Xue Tiantian , Yang Yi , Yu Dingyi , Wali Qamar , Wang Zhenyu , Cao Xuesong , Fan Wei , Liu Tianxi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConstruction of advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with miniaturized, programmable structure and low reflection are promising but challenging. Herein, an integrated transition-metal carbides/carbon nanotube/polyimide (gradient-conductive MXene/CNT/PI, GCMCP) aerogel frame with hierarchical porous structure and gradient-conductivity has been constructed to achieve EMI shielding with ultra-low reflection. The gradient-conductive structures are obtained by continuous 3D printing of MXene/CNT/poly (amic acid) inks with different CNT contents, where the slightly conductive top layer serves as EM absorption layer and the highly conductive bottom layer as reflection layer. In addition, the hierarchical porous structure could extend the EM dissipation path and dissipate EM by multiple reflections. Consequently, the GCMCP aerogel frames exhibit an excellent average EMI shielding efficiency (68.2 dB) and low reflection (R = 0.23). Furthermore, the GCMCP aerogel frames with miniaturized and programmable structures can be used as EMI shielding gaskets and effectively block wireless power transmission, which shows a prosperous application prospect in defense industry and aerospace.
“Unholy Alliance”: Identification and prevention of ideological and religious frames between right-wing populism and christianity in Poland
Authors: Chrostowski Mariusz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSince 2015, power in Poland has been exercised by the right-wing populist coalition, led by the socially conservative Law and Justice (PiS) party. The deconfliction mark of these governments became the “unholy alliance” with Christianity, which was a movement that used populist manipulation based on exacerbating social dichotomy, campaigning against the LGBT community, nationalism, xenophobia, attitudes of rejection, anti-pluralism and anti-establishment. In this context, the aim of this article is to theoretically analyse the ideological and religious frames between right-wing populism and Christianity in Poland. The considerations begin with the presentation of the theoretical background, that is, the relationship that exists between the populist “thin-core ideology” and Christianity within the framework of ideological appropriation of religion by populists. Furthermore, the author will make an attempt to decipher mutual influences and seek answers to the question: How did PiS “hijack” the Catholic Church in Poland? The next step will present a comparative identification of convergent and divergent frameworks between right-wing populists and the Catholic Church in Poland. Finally, the article will outline indications for the socio-pastoral prevention of populism and a summary of the main results.
Dynamic Behavior Analysis of a Rotating Shaft with an Elliptical Breathing Surface Crack
Authors: Elkashlawy Ahmed A. , Younes Younes K. , El-Mongy Heba H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeIn this paper, dynamic behavior of a rotor system with an elliptical breathing crack that simulates the real shape of the crack front is investigated.MethodsA finite element model of the cracked rotor system is developed. The crack breathing mechanism is modelled based on an improved breathing model which considers the inclination of the neutral axis of the cracked element cross-section during shaft rotation. Harmonic balance method is used to solve the equations of motion of the rotor system for steady-state response characteristics. The effect of some parameters such as crack depth, crack shape factor and the spinning speed is investigated.Results and conclusionsThe results show that the unique whirl orbits behavior during passage through the subcritical speeds serve as a key indicator of crack presence in the shaft. The effects of the crack front curvature and the breathing model are revealed. The value of shape factor affects the whirl orbit characteristics such as size of the inner or outer loops and the amount by which the orbits rotate while crossing the subcritical speeds. The presented model considering the real crack front shape may contribute towards improved modelling of cracked rotors and better interpretation of measured vibration response.
Modelling an air handling unit, building and occupant variation regarding energy, moisture and frost protection based on measurements of an air handling unit and occupants’ moisture supply
Authors: Johansson Dennis , Daugela Marius , Wahlström Åsa , Bagge Hans 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectives of this paper are to propose a reasonable simulation model that can handle condensation and frost formation in heat exchangers dependent on moisture concentration and outdoor climate conditions, and to analyze risk of frost formation and discuss different frost protection strategies. Using psychometrics, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) heat exchanger calculation, condensation and frost calculation methods, simulations models for heat recovery ventilation and energy recovery ventilation are developed. It is concluded that the risk of frost in heat exchangers is higher in northern Sweden than in southern Sweden and Denmark due to low outdoor air temperatures during the winter, however heat recovery systems in Copenhagen and Gothenburg still has a risk of frost formation even though these cities has relatively warm weather conditions. Out of several simulation models that are created during the study, the detailed model that takes condensation effect into consideration, is proven to be worthy to be used in further investigations, due to results that more accurately represent real word conditions. Risk of frost formation becomes significantly lower in every city when heat recovery ventilation is changed into energy recovery ventilation. Even though heat recovery ventilation is simulated only with the simplified model, it is safe to assume that it will still be effective in reality. Although bypass strategies were effective at eliminating the risk of frost in heat recovery units, they are not as efficient from an energy perspective. The more air is by-passed through the cross-flow plate heat exchanger, the fewer opportunities there are to recover energy from exhaust air, which leads to lower supply air temperatures and higher energy need for heating a living space.
Review and critique of the main conceptions of social position, status, or situation
Authors: Farkas Zoltán 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn sociological literature, very different conceptions have emerged regarding concepts that, in some sense, express the location of the given individual or group in society and that are typically referred to by the terms social position, social status, or social situation. In empirical sociological research, these concepts are often used as independent or dependent variables, and the different conceptions that apply to them partly determine the appropriate methodology for conducting the research. In this article, on the one hand, I review the main conceptions of the concepts of social position, status, or situation and, on the other hand, I point out the main interpretation problems of these conceptions. From the points of view of sociological perspectives, I distinguish (1) theoretically neutral or weakly structuralist, (2) traditional class theoretical, conflict theoretical in a narrower sense, centre-periphery theoretical, elite theoretical and capital theoretical conceptions, which are typical of the structuralist perspective, as well as (3) normativist, (4) creativist, (5) rationalist and rationalist-phenomenalist, (6) network theoretical and relationship conceptions of these concepts. I point out the main interpretation problems of these conceptions from a general sociological theoretical point of view and, in general, I regard the insufficiency and/or inadequacy of the theoretical grounding of these conceptions as the most significant problem.
Evaluation of thermal comfort in air-conditioned rooms based on structure/control-related parameters and data-mining method
Authors: Zhao Shunan , He Lin , Wu Xin , Xu Guowen , Xie Junlong , Cai Shanshan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEvaluating the thermal environment and thermal comfort in an air-conditioned room is an essential for estimating the performance of air-conditioning systems. However, multiple component structures and control-related parameters often lead to a long test cycle and large number of tests, significantly affecting the testing efficiency and speed. To address these problems, in this study, a data-mining method was proposed to predict and evaluate the thermal environment of an air-conditioned room. Owing to the limited amount of experimental data, the sample data were expanded by the simulation data of a collaborative platform between the air-conditioning system and air-conditioned room. Data-mining models, including the support vector regression (SVR), backpropagation (BP), and multiple linear regression (MLR) models, were developed and achieved good accuracy in evaluating the thermal environment by considering air-conditioning systems with various structures and control parameters. In the multiple-input single-output evaluation method, the prediction accuracy of the SVR model was higher than those of the BP and MLR models with respect to the vertical air temperature difference, temperature uniformity, temperature drop rate, and draft rate, while the result was the opposite in terms of the predicted mean vote indices. In the multiple-input multiple-output evaluation method, there was a decline in prediction accuracy and an increase in efficiency prediction compared with multiple-input single-output evaluation.
Evaluation of a clinical and translational research initiative: Developing and implementing a collaborative evaluation process in CAIRIBU
Authors: Allmaras Jennifer M. , Penniston Kristina L. , Rolland Betsy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Funding for large research initiatives, such as those funded through the National Institutes of Health U mechanism, has increased since 2010; however, there is little published research on how to evaluate the success of such initiatives. Here, we describe the collaborative evaluation planning process undertaken by the Interactions Core of the Collaborating for the Advancement of Interdisciplinary Research in Benign Urology (CAIRIBU) research community, a clinical and translational research initiative funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Evaluation is necessary to measure the impact of our work and to allow for continuous improvement efforts of CAIRIBU activities and initiatives. We developed and implemented an iterative seven-step process that engaged the Interactions Core, NIDDK program staff, and grantees at each step of the planning process. Challenges faced in planning and implementing the evaluation plan included the time burden on investigators to submit new data for evaluations, finite time and resources for evaluation work, and the development of infrastructure for the evaluation plan. We call on funding agencies to include more explicit requirements for evaluation participation from grantees, as well as dedicated funding to support the evaluation process, in future funding opportunity announcements for large research consortia.