bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic synergist OM19r reverses aminoglycoside resistance in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli
Authors: Cui Qi , Yu Han-Dong , Xu Qi-Jun , Liu Yue , Wang Yu-Ting , Li Peng-Hui , Kong Ling-Cong , Zhang Hai-Peng , Jiang Xiu-Yun , Giuliodori Anna Maria , Fabbretti Attilio , He Cheng-Guang , Ma Hong-Xia 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe continued emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens require a new strategy to improve the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) could also be used as antibacterial synergists due to their unique mechanism of action.MethodsUtilizing a series of experiments on membrane permeability, In vitro protein synthesis, In vitro transcription and mRNA translation, to further elucidate the synergistic mechanism of OM19r combined with gentamicin.ResultsA proline-rich antimicrobial peptide OM19r was identified in this study and its efficacy against Escherichia coli B2 (E. coli B2) was evaluated on multiple aspects. OM19r increased antibacterial activity of gentamicin against multidrug-resistance E. coli B2 by 64 folds, when used in combination with aminoglycoside antibiotics. Mechanistically, OM19r induced change of inner membrane permeability and inhibited translational elongation of protein synthesis by entering to E. coli B2 via intimal transporter SbmA. OM19r also facilitated the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In animal models, OM19r significantly improved the efficacy of gentamicin against E. coli B2.DiscussionOur study reveals that OM19r combined with GEN had a strong synergistic inhibitory effect against multi-drug resistant E. coli B2. OM19r and GEN inhibited translation elongation and initiation, respectively, and ultimately affected the normal protein synthesis of bacteria. These findings provide a potential therapeutic option against multidrug-resistant E. coli.
Effect of the level of task abstraction on the transfer of knowledge from virtual environments in cognitive and motor tasks
Authors: del Rocío Hernández-Castañón Viviana , Castillo-Ávila Arlem Aleida , Reyes-Meza Verónica , Bianchi-Berthouze Nadia , Morán Alberto L. , Orihuela-Espina Felipe 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionVirtual environments are increasingly being used for training. It is not fully understood what elements of virtual environments have the most impact and how the virtual training is integrated by the brain on the sought-after skill transference to the real environment. In virtual training, we analyzed how the task level of abstraction modulates the brain activity and the subsequent ability to execute it in the real environment and how this learning generalizes to other tasks. The training of a task under a low level of abstraction should lead to a higher transfer of skills in similar tasks, but the generalization of learning would be compromised, whereas a higher level of abstraction facilitates generalization of learning to different tasks but compromising specific effectiveness.MethodsA total of 25 participants were trained and subsequently evaluated on a cognitive and a motor task following four training regimes, considering real vs. virtual training and low vs. high task abstraction. Performance scores, cognitive load, and electroencephalography signals were recorded. Transfer of knowledge was assessed by comparing performance scores in the virtual vs. real environment.ResultsThe performance to transfer the trained skills showed higher scores in the same task under low abstraction, but the ability to generalize the trained skills was manifested by higher scores under high level of abstraction in agreement with our hypothesis. Spatiotemporal analysis of the electroencephalography revealed higher initial demands of brain resources which decreased as skills were acquired.DiscussionOur results suggest that task abstraction during virtual training influences how skills are assimilated at the brain level and modulates its manifestation at the behavioral level. We expect this research to provide supporting evidence to improve the design of virtual training tasks.
Current status of endovascular treatment for older adults with acute large vessel occlusion stroke in China: subgroup analysis of ANGEL act registry
Authors: Han Bin , Sun Dapeng , Raynald  , Jia Baixue , Tong Xu , Wang Anxin , Mo Dapeng , Gao Feng , Ma Ning , Miao Zhongrong 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundAlthough endovascular treatment (EVT) has become the standard treatment for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO), its safety and efficacy in older adults have not been fully determined. The present study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of EVT for acute LVO between younger (&lt;80 years old) and older adults (≥80 years old) in the Chinese population.MethodsThe subjects were selected from the ANGEL-ACT registry (endovascular treatment key technique and emergency workflow improvement of acute ischemic stroke). The 90-day modified Rankin score (mRS), successful recanalization, procedure duration, number of passes, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and mortality within 90 days were compared after adjusting for confounders.ResultsA total of 1,691 patients, 1,543 classified as young and 148 classified as older, were included. We observed that young and older adults had a similar 90-day mRS distribution, successful recanalization, procedure duration, number of passes, ICH, and mortality within 90 days (all p &gt; 0.05). The rate of 90-day mRS 0–3 was found to be higher in young patients than in older adults (39.9% vs. 56.5%, odds ratio = 0.64, 95% confidence interval = 0.44–0.94, p = 0.022).ConclusionWe found that patients less than or greater than 80 years of age share similar clinical outcomes, without increasing the risk of ICH and mortality.
Coherence between electromyographic signals of anterior tibialis, soleus, and gastrocnemius during standing balance tasks
Authors: Ojha Anuj , Alderink Gordon , Rhodes Samhita 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionKnowledge about the mechanics and physiological features of balance for healthy individuals enhances understanding of impairments of balance related to neuropathology secondary to aging, diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), and traumatic brain injury, such as concussion.MethodsWe examined the neural correlations during muscle activation related to quiet standing from the intermuscular coherence in different neural frequency bands. Electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from six healthy participants (fs = 1,200 Hz for 30 s) from three different muscles bilaterally: anterior tibialis, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus. Data were collected for four different postural stability conditions. In decreasing order of stability these were feet together eyes open, feet together eyes closed, tandem eyes open, and tandem eyes closed. Wavelet decomposition was used to extract the neural frequency bands: gamma, beta, alpha, theta, and delta. Magnitude-squared-coherence (MSC) was computed between different muscle pairs for each of the stability conditions.Results and discussionThere was greater coherence between muscle pairs in the same leg. Coherence was greater in lower frequency bands. For all frequency bands, the standard deviation of coherence between different muscle pairs was always higher in the less stable positions. Time-frequency coherence spectrograms also showed higher intermuscular coherence for muscle pairs in the same leg and in less stable positions. Our data suggest that coherence between EMG signals may be used as an independent indicator of the neural correlates for stability.
Whole brain surface-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics in migraine with aura patients: difference between pure visual and complex auras
Authors: Abagnale Chiara , Di Renzo Antonio , Sebastianelli Gabriele , Casillo Francesco , Tinelli Emanuele , Giuliani Giada , Tullo Maria Giulia , Serrao Mariano , Parisi Vincenzo , Fiorelli Marco , Caramia Francesca , Schoenen Jean , Di Piero Vittorio , Coppola Gianluca 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe migrainous aura has different clinical phenotypes. While the various clinical differences are well-described, little is known about their neurophysiological underpinnings. To elucidate the latter, we compared white matter fiber bundles and gray matter cortical thickness between healthy controls (HC), patients with pure visual auras (MA) and patients with complex neurological auras (MA+).Methods3T MRI data were collected between attacks from 20 patients with MA and 15 with MA+, and compared with those from 19 HCs. We analyzed white matter fiber bundles using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cortical thickness with surface-based morphometry of structural MRI data.ResultsTract-based spatial statistics showed no significant difference in diffusivity maps between the three subject groups. As compared to HCs, both MA and MA+ patients had significant cortical thinning in temporal, frontal, insular, postcentral, primary and associative visual areas. In the MA group, the right high-level visual-information-processing areas, including lingual gyrus, and the Rolandic operculum were thicker than in HCs, while in the MA+ group they were thinner.DiscussionThese findings show that migraine with aura is associated with cortical thinning in multiple cortical areas and that the clinical heterogeneity of the aura is reflected by opposite thickness changes in high-level visual-information-processing, sensorimotor and language areas.
Both the Complexity of Tight Junctions and Endothelial Transcytosis Are Increased During BBB Postnatal Development in Rats
Authors: Li Wei , Zou Jinlong , Shang Junkui , Gao Chenhao , Sun Ruihua , Liu Ruijie , Cao Huixia , Wang Yanliang , Zhang Jiewen 
Published: April 2023

Graphical AbstractGraphical representation of the proposed molecular pathway. During BBB development, cav-1 is gradually upregulated, vesicle transcytosis is gradually increased. Although tight junctions are gradually matured, BBB permeability is still increased, revealing the important role of low vesicle transcytosis in maintaining BBB permeability.
A review of cyber vigilance tasks for network defense
Authors: Guidetti Oliver Alfred , Speelman Craig , Bouhlas Peter 
Published: April 2023

The capacity to sustain attention to virtual threat landscapes has led cyber security to emerge as a new and novel domain for vigilance research. However, unlike classic domains, such as driving and air traffic control and baggage security, very few vigilance tasks exist for the cyber security domain. Four essential challenges that must be overcome in the development of a modern, validated cyber vigilance task are extracted from this review of existent platforms that can be found in the literature. Firstly, it can be difficult for researchers to access confidential cyber security systems and personnel. Secondly, network defense is vastly more complex and difficult to emulate than classic vigilance domains such as driving. Thirdly, there exists no single, common software console in cyber security that a cyber vigilance task could be based on. Finally, the rapid pace of technological evolution in network defense correspondingly means that cyber vigilance tasks can become obsolete just as quickly. Understanding these challenges is imperative in advancing human factors research in cyber security.CCS categoriesHuman-centered computing~Human computer interaction (HCI)~HCI design and evaluation methods.
Formation and Identification of a 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-Furfural-Zingerone Condensate and Its Cytotoxicity in Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Ke Yujing , Yin Zhao , Chen Nenghua , Chen Peifang , Liu Jie , Ou Shiyi , Li Guoqiang 
Published: April 2023

Graphical AbstractIn vitrodigestion of the adduct (HMZ) formed between zingerone and HMF, cytotoxicity against Caco-2 cells of HMZ, and absorption of HMZ by Caco-2 cells
Central adiposity as a predictor of mortality in older adults: Identification of cutoffs using generalized additive models
Authors: Fernandes Dalila Pinto de Souza , Lopes Juvanhol Leidjaira , Nobre Aline Araújo , de Souza Ângela Maria Natal , Ribeiro Andréia Queiroz 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundObesity is associated with premature mortality in adults; however, this association has been inconsistent in the older adult population. In addition, there is a lack of specific cutoff points for indicators of negative health outcomes in older adults. Methods: This is a prospective study with 796 non-institutionalized older adults. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, food consumption, and nutritional status were obtained at baseline. Generalized additive models were used to identify cutoff points for the waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and Cox proportional hazards models to assess the independent association between adiposity and mortality.ResultsOver the 9 years of follow-up, 197 deaths (24.7%) occurred, of which 51.8% were men, with a mean age of 76.1 ± 9.0 years. Older adults at higher risk of death had WHtR of &lt;0.52 or ≥0.63 and WC of &lt;83 cm or ≥101 cm. An increased risk of death was observed in older adults with high WC (HR: 2.03 95% CI: 1.20–3.41) and high WHtR (HR: 1.51 95% CI: 1.01–2.26) in the adjusted models, and an increase in WC was a risk factor for higher CVD mortality (HR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.12–3.88) in the adjusted models.ConclusionAdiposity was associated with an increased risk of death in older adults. In view of these results and considering the lack of cutoff points for anthropometric indices in Brazilian older adults, further studies are needed to confirm the WC and WHtR cutoff values found in this study.
Polyvinyl alcohol film with chlorine dioxide microcapsules can be used for blueberry preservation by slow-release of chlorine dioxide gas
Authors: Su Hongxia , Chen Zhanpeng , Zhao Yuan , An Jiejie , Huang Haohe , Liu Ren , Huang Chongxing 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionChlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a safe and efficient bactericide with unique advantages in reducing foodborne illnesses, inhibiting microbial growth, and maintaining the nutritional quality of food. However, gaseous ClO2 is sensitive to heat, vibration, and light, which limits its application.MethodsIn this study, a ClO2 precursor-stabilized ClO2 aqueous solution was encapsulated by the double emulsion method, and a high-performance ClO2 self-releasing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film was prepared to investigate its performance and effect on blueberry quality during storage.ResultsThe self-releasing films had the best overall performance when the microcapsule content was 10% as the film's mechanical properties, thermal stability, and film barrier properties were significantly improved. The inhibition rates of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were 93.69% and 95.55%, respectively, and the mycelial growth of Staphylococcus griseus was successfully inhibited. The resulting ClO2 self-releasing films were used for blueberry preservation, and an experimental study found that the ClO2 self-releasing antimicrobial film group delayed the quality decline of blueberries. During the 14-day storage period, no mold contamination was observed in the ClO2 self-releasing film group, and blueberries in the antibacterial film group had higher anthocyanin accumulation during the storage period.DiscussionResearch analysis showed that films containing ClO2 microcapsules are promising materials for future fruit and vegetable packaging.
Clinical radiomics-based machine learning versus three-dimension convolutional neural network analysis for differentiation of thymic epithelial tumors from other prevascular mediastinal tumors on chest computed tomography scan
Authors: Chang Chao-Chun , Tang En-Kuei , Wei Yu-Feng , Lin Chia-Ying , Wu Fu-Zong , Wu Ming-Ting , Liu Yi-Sheng , Yen Yi-Ting , Ma Mi-Chia , Tseng Yau-Lin 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo compare the diagnostic performance of radiomic analysis with machine learning (ML) model with a convolutional neural network (CNN) in differentiating thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) from other prevascular mediastinal tumors (PMTs).MethodsA retrospective study was performed in patients with PMTs and undergoing surgical resection or biopsy in National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan between January 2010 and December 2019. Clinical data including age, sex, myasthenia gravis (MG) symptoms and pathologic diagnosis were collected. The datasets were divided into UECT (unenhanced computed tomography) and CECT (enhanced computed tomography) for analysis and modelling. Radiomics model and 3D CNN model were used to differentiate TETs from non-TET PMTs (including cyst, malignant germ cell tumor, lymphoma and teratoma). The macro F1-score and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to evaluate the prediction models.ResultIn the UECT dataset, there were 297 patients with TETs and 79 patients with other PMTs. The performance of radiomic analysis with machine learning model using LightGBM with Extra Tree (macro F1-Score = 83.95%, ROC-AUC = 0.9117) had better performance than the 3D CNN model (macro F1-score = 75.54%, ROC-AUC = 0.9015). In the CECT dataset, there were 296 patients with TETs and 77 patients with other PMTs. The performance of radiomic analysis with machine learning model using LightGBM with Extra Tree (macro F1-Score = 85.65%, ROC-AUC = 0.9464) had better performance than the 3D CNN model (macro F1-score = 81.01%, ROC-AUC = 0.9275).ConclusionOur study revealed that the individualized prediction model integrating clinical information and radiomic features using machine learning demonstrated better predictive performance in the differentiation of TETs from other PMTs at chest CT scan than 3D CNN model.
Dosimetric characterization of single- and dual-port temporary tissue expanders for postmastectomy radiotherapy using Monte Carlo methods
Authors: Ramos-Méndez Jose , Park Catherine , Sharma Manju 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe aim of this work was two-fold: a) to assess two treatment planning strategies for accounting CT artifacts introduced by temporary tissue-expanders (TTEs); b) to evaluate the dosimetric impact of two commercially available and one novel TTE.MethodsThe CT artifacts were managed using two strategies. 1) Identifying the metal in the RayStation treatment planning software (TPS) using image window-level adjustments, delineate a contour enclosing the artifact, and setting the density of the surrounding voxels to unity (RS1). 2) Registering a geometry template with dimensions and materials from the TTEs (RS2). Both strategies were compared for DermaSpan, AlloX2, and AlloX2-Pro TTEs using Collapsed Cone Convolution (CCC) in RayStation TPS, Monte Carlo simulations (MC) using TOPAS, and film measurements. Wax slab phantoms with metallic ports and breast phantoms with TTEs balloons were made and irradiated with a 6 MV AP beam and partial arc, respectively. Dose values along the AP direction calculated with CCC (RS2) and TOPAS (RS1 and RS2) were compared with film measurements. The impact in dose distributions was evaluated with RS2 by comparing TOPAS simulations with and without the metal port.ResultsFor the wax slab phantoms, the dose differences between RS1 and RS2 were 0.5% for DermaSpan and AlloX2 but 3% for AlloX2-Pro. From TOPAS simulations of RS2, the impact in dose distributions caused by the magnet attenuation was (6.4 ± 0.4) %, (4.9 ± 0.7)%, and (2.0 ± 0.9)% for DermaSpan, AlloX2, and AlloX2-Pro, respectively. With breast phantoms, maximum differences in DVH parameters between RS1 and RS2 were as follows. For AlloX2 at the posterior region: (2.1 ± 1.0)%, (1.9 ± 1.0)% and (1.4 ± 1.0)% for D1, D10, and average dose, respectively. For AlloX2-Pro at the anterior region (-1.0 ± 1.0)%, (-0.6 ± 1.0)% and (-0.6 ± 1.0)% for D1, D10 and average dose, respectively. The impact in D10 caused by the magnet was at most (5.5 ± 1.0)% and (-0.8 ± 1.0)% for AlloX2 and AlloX2-Pro, respectively.ConclusionTwo strategies for accounting for CT artifacts from three breast TTEs were assessed using CCC, MC, and film measurements. This study showed that the highest differences with respect to measurements occurred with RS1 and can be mitigated if a template with the actual port geometry and materials is used.
Comprehensive analysis of prediction of the EGFR mutation and subtypes based on the spinal metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cao Ran , Chen Huanhuan , Wang Huan , Wang Yan , Cui E-Nuo , Jiang Wenyan 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo investigate the use of multiparameter MRI-based radiomics in the in-depth prediction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and subtypes based on the spinal metastasis in patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsA primary cohort was conducted with 257 patients who pathologically confirmed spinal bone metastasis from the first center between Feb. 2016 and Oct. 2020. An external cohort was developed with 42 patients from the second center between Apr. 2017 and Jun. 2021. All patients underwent sagittal T1-weighted imaging (T1W) and sagittal fat-suppressed T2-weight imaging (T2FS) MRI imaging. Radiomics features were extracted and selected to build radiomics signatures (RSs). Machine learning classify with 5-fold cross-validation were used to establish radiomics models for predicting the EGFR mutation and subtypes. Clinical characteristics were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U and Chi-Square tests to identify the most important factors. Nomogram models were developed integrating the RSs and important clinical factors.ResultsThe RSs derived from T1W showed better performance for predicting the EGFR mutation and subtypes compared with those from T2FS in terms of AUC, accuracy and specificity. The nomogram models integrating RSs from combination of the two MRI sequences and important clinical factors achieved the best prediction capabilities in the training (AUCs, EGFR vs. Exon 19 vs. Exon 21, 0.829 vs. 0.885 vs.0.919), internal validation (AUCs, EGFR vs. Exon 19 vs. Exon 21, 0.760 vs. 0.777 vs.0.811), external validation (AUCs, EGFR vs. Exon 19 vs. Exon 21, 0.780 vs. 0.846 vs.0.818). DCA curves indicated potential clinical values of the radiomics models.ConclusionsThis study indicated potentials of multi-parametric MRI-based radiomics to assess the EGFR mutation and subtypes. The proposed clinical-radiomics nomogram models can be considered as non-invasive tools to assist clinicians in making individual treatment plans.