bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Edge strengthening and phonetic variability in Spanish /l/: an ultrasound study
Authors: Ramsammy Michael , King Matthew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrevious research has shown that /l/ in Spanish displays patterns of articulatory variability that are determined by a complex interaction of phonetic, phonological and dialectal factors. In this study, we report the results of an experiment using Ultrasound Tongue Imaging (UTI) that tests /l/-articulations in a dialectal cross-section of Spanish speakers. We show that lengthening of /l/ in phrase-edge contexts is accompanied by articulatory distinctions (e.g. root/dorsum retraction) for some speakers, whereas others produce lengthened realisations of /l/ in these contexts without observable differences in tongue position. We also find acoustic evidence for reduction in utterance-medial intervocalic and preconsonantal environments (duration, intensity, F1 frequency measures are discussed). However, articulatory correlates of reduction are not consistently observed across speakers in these contexts. As well as relating the results to prosodically-driven strengthening and reduction patterns, our findings are of relevance to debates about resyllabification in Spanish. Specifically, we argue that our results cannot be straightforwardly accommodated under phonological analysis assuming that word-final consonants regularly resyllabify across word boundaries prevocalically.
Preparation and application of corona noise-suppressing anti-shedding materials for UHV transmission lines
Authors: Cui Xiangyu , Shi Xin , Hou Xiaobang , Yin Jianguang , Li Fangwei , Zang Yuwei , Hu Jingchuan , Xie Lianke , Peng Jiashun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the continuous expansion of the construction scale of the State Grid and the gradual improvement of people’s awareness of environmental protection, the power contradictions and disputes caused by the North–South Power Transmission and Transformation Project have become increasingly prominent, which has attracted widespread attention from all walks of life. This study focuses on the development of conductive silicone gel for UHV transmission lines using carbon fiber (CF) powder, carbon black (CB), and carbon nanotubes as fillers, and organic silicone polymer as the matrix. The aim was to address the issues of corona noise and detachment. We prepared a series of conductive silicone gels with different proportions of CF and CB conductive fillers and conducted a comprehensive analysis of their electrical conductivity, tensile performance, hydrophobicity, and rheological properties. The research results demonstrated that the maximum electrical conductivity of the conductive silicone gel was achieved when the CF and CB contents reached a ratio of 2:1. In the case of a 70% organic silicone polymer gel, the electrical conductivity reached 0.73 S/cm, while it increased to 1.17 S/cm in an 80% organic silicone polymer gel. This indicates that optimizing the proportion of fillers can significantly enhance the electrical conductivity of the conductive silicone gel, meeting the requirements of UHV transmission lines. Additionally, the study evaluated the tensile performance, hydrophobicity, and rheological properties of the conductive silicone gel. The results showed that the 70% organic silicone polymer gel exhibited a tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at a break of 678.6 MPa, 1.3 MPa, and 15.22%, respectively. The corresponding values for the 80% organic silicone polymer gel were 129.9 MPa, 1.6 MPa, and 55.89%. This indicates that the conductive silicone gel possesses excellent mechanical properties and ductility, enabling it to withstand stress and deformation in UHV transmission lines while providing anti-detachment effects. In summary, this study successfully developed a conductive silicone gel that meets the requirements of UHV transmission lines. By optimizing the ratio of CF and CB contents, the electrical conductivity of the gel was maximized. Furthermore, the conductive silicone gel exhibited favorable tensile performance, electrical conductivity, and anti-detachment effects, effectively addressing corona noise and detachment issues in UHV transmission lines. These research findings are of great significance for the design and application of UHV transmission lines.
An uncanny case of paraneoplastic calcitriol mediated hypercalcaemia
Authors: Shah Preet Mukesh , Saeed Saadia , Gonzalez Susana 
Published: June 2023

Summary
A 77-year-old female patient with a history of treated breast cancer and a recently diagnosed laryngeal cancer presented with severe hypercalcaemia associated with suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Her initial investigations included 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, short synacthen test, bone scan, myeloma screen and thyroid function tests which were within normality. A computerised tomography (CT) scan showed some right lung apical fibrotic changes. Her PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) was normal and sarcoidosis was also excluded. Her previous and current malignancies were thought to be unlikely behind her hypercalcaemia. Her 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (calcitriol) levels were found to be elevated. Her hypercalcaemia was initially managed with intravenous fluids and intermittent bisphosphonates infusions which would transiently reduce her calcium levels. Steroid treatment was initiated which improved her hypercalcaemia; however, the calcium levels rebounded on tapering the steroids down, a pre-requisite prior to a positron emission computerised tomography (PET-CT) scan to determine the source of the excess calcitriol production. This was cancelled following an emergency admission with marked hypercalcaemia and acute renal and liver injury. A contemporary CT scan showed a right apical lung mass with hepatic lesions suggestive of a disseminated lung primary. The histology obtained from a liver biopsy was compatible with metastatic small-cell lung carcinoma. Unfortunately, her clinical condition deteriorated further and she did not survive. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature describing calcitriol-mediated hypercalcaemia due to a small-cell lung cancer.

Learning points

Paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia may manifest even without overt detection of the primary cancer.

The workup for paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia should be meticulous.

Both bisphosphonates and steroids are useful in the initial management of calcitriol-mediated hypercalcaemia, but the definitive management is the treatment of the cause.
Estudio tomográfico e histológico comparativo de dos biomateriales para preservación del reborde alveolar
Authors: Castaño-Granada María Catalina , Arismendi-Echavarria Jorge Alberto , Pérez-Cano María Isabel , Gómez-Yali Andrea Julieth , Sanchez- Gómez Sara 
Published: June 2023

[Objetivo] Este estudio evalúa los cambios dimensionales tomográficos y cambios histológicos posexodoncia con el uso de dos materiales de injerto: xenoinjerto Bio-Oss® y membrana colágena reabsorbible Bio-Gide® y aloinjerto Puros® y membrana de colágeno reabsorbible Biomed Extend® en la preservación del reborde alveolar. [Materiales y Métodos] Estudio experimental en el que se realizaron 20 extracciones de diente único, y se comparan dos biomateriales diferentes repartidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos. Al grupo A se le colocó material tipo xenoinjerto (Bio-Oss y Bio-Gide®) y al grupo B se le colocó material tipo aloinjerto (Puros y Biomed®). Se realizaron medidas tomográficas al día 0 y al día 210 después de la extracción. En el día 210 se tomaron muestras de tejido para análisis histológico. [Resultados] Las medidas tomográficas no mostraron variaciones estadísticamente significativas excepto en la amplitud máxima del reborde óseo, siendo esta menor en el grupo del aloinjerto en el día 210 con valor de p<0.05. En los resultados histológicos se observa similitud entre los dos grupos en la respuesta celular, tejido osteoide y hueso nuevo mineralizado. Se observaron diferencias en la cantidad de material remanente, presentando mayor presencia de material el grupo del xenoinjerto. [Conclusión] Este estudio presentó resultados similares a los encontrados en la literatura y se observa un comportamiento adecuado de la preservación del reborde óseo posterior a una extracción cuando se colocan materiales sustitutos óseos del tipo xenoinjerto o aloinjerto para las dimensiones de altura y amplitud, con cambios muy leves en el tiempo de evaluación.
Emotion-based communication: the specifics of fear and hope tactics
Authors: Juozėnaitė Eglė 
Published: June 2023

Relevance and problem of the topic. Transmitting accurate information in the most appropriate way is an important today’s need. (Singh, Rai, et al., 2021, p. 2052). Authors Del Valle, 2021; Woodcock, 2018; Jakubanecs et al., 2019; Andrews et al., 2014; Kim et al., 2021; Gravante and Poma, 2021, states that emotional communication is often used to send a message from the sender to the recipient in a clear and compelling way, emotional communication is also used to establish an emotional connection, persuade, create associations, build loyalty, encourage desired consumer behavior. According to Dembek (2016, p. 117), emotions are separated from consumers, adjusted to become unique to the desired brand image (e.g., Coca-Cola), and then passed on to consumers in the hopes of reconciling their emotional state with marketing goals.Problems. Fear and hope tactics are quite often used as marketing and communication tools to influence an audience. It is important to understand the specifics of these communication tactics because not having enough knowledge about the reaction of recipients to these emotions, can have the opposite effect: cause adverse reactions, cause reputational crises, psychological, social, and financial losses. Properly selected communication can help companies achieve a competitive advantage in the markets, create greater added value, help shape the desired behavior of communication recipients, and predict the impact of communication on recipients.The problem analyzed in this article can be defined by the following questions: Which communication tactics, based on the emotion of fear or hope, should communication professionals use? What are the specifics of hope and fear communication tactics? What effects can they have?The objective of the research is the specifics of fear and hope tactics in communication.The object of the article is to review and analyze communication tactics based on fear and hope.Tasks:1. To analyze the fear tactic in communication.2. To review the tactic of hope in communication.Methods: Comparative theoretical analysis and synthesis of the literature, generalization.
Percutaneous CT-guided Biopsy of Focal Liver Lesions – Long- term Experience with more than 300 Procedures
Authors: Hoffmann Petr , Cyrany Jiri , Kopecky Jindrich , Hoffmannova Martina , Ryska Pavel , Hulek Michal , Dvorak Petr 
Published: June 2023

Background and Aims: Despite the undeniable ongoing development of cross-sectional imaging methods, not all focal liver lesions (FLLs) have a typical pattern. An image-guided biopsy using a percutaneous approach might safely provide a final histological diagnosis of the FLLs. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, complication rate, technical features, and relationships between the followed parameters of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsies of FLLs using a retrospective approach.
Methods: 303 percutaneous biopsy procedures in 295 patients were carried out in patients with suspected or indeterminate FLLs over a 10-year period. The median size of the tumors was 44 mm (15 - 144 mm). Median age of patients was 67 years (25 to 87 years). Skin-to-lesion distance was variable, from 30 mm to 138 mm (median length 59 mm). In 200 procedures (66%) malignant disease was known from the patients´ clinical history.
Results: In 288 biopsies (95%) the results were true positive or true negative; 15 procedures (4.95%) resulted in a histologically false negative and had to be confirmed using other approaches. Metastatic disease to hepatic parenchyma of various origins was the most frequent histological diagnosis (55.4%). Cholangiocarcinoma was the most common individual result (13.5%). In total 14 complications (4.6%) were confirmed, 4 of which were severe haemorrhages that needed angiographic treatment and in one case surgical revision. The mortality rate in our group was 0.3%. A statistically significant relationship between lesion size and diagnostic accuracy (p < 0.01) was revealed. The use of a 16 G needle calibre and at least two samples were suitable for hypo- and hypervascular lesions without a significant increase in the complication rate.
Conclusions: Core needle biopsy using a percutaneous approach and a CT-guidance performed on patients with indetermined FLLs had a high overall accuracy in determining the final histological diagnosis including subtyping. Concurrently, the complication incidence was low.
Transarterial Chemoembolization plus Apatinib with or without Camrelizumab for the Treatment of Advanced HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Haonan , Yu Qianqian , Gu Ting , Qu Pengfei , Ma Xiao , Zhou Shuang , Lu Tong , Pan Di , Han Zhengxiang 
Published: June 2023

Aims: To compare the effectiveness and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with apatinib plus camrelizumab (TACE+AC) versus TACE combined with apatinib alone (TACE+A) for patients with advanced HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV–HCC).
Methods: The clinical data of patients with HBV–HCC who received either TACE+AC or TACE+A treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs) were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model regression analysis was used to identify the independent prognostic factors of OS.
Results: Between March 2019 to January 2022, 76 patients were assigned to the TACE+AC group (n = 37) and the TACE+A group (n=39). The median OS and PFS in the TACE+AC group were significantly longer than those in the TACE+A group (OS, 15.4 vs. 11.3 months; p=0.008; PFS, 7.4 vs. 5.1 months; p=0.001) and the ORR and DCR in the TACE + AC group were significantly greater than those in the TACE+A group (ORR, 43.2% vs. 20.5%; p=0.033; DCR, 67.6% vs. 43.6%; p=0.036). There was no significant difference in the incidence of grade ≥3 AEs between the two groups (p=0.483). Multivariate regression analysis identified the treatment modalities, AFP level, and extrahepatic metastasis as independent prognostic factors (p<0.05). Conclusion: TACE+AC significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with HBV–HCC and elicited relatively controllable AEs.
Factors Affecting Performance of DNA Methylation as a Potential Biomarker in Ascites for Peritonitis and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
Authors: Bose Katrin , Scurt Florian G , Thon Cosima , Franke Sabine , Schulz Christain , Malfertheiner Peter , Link Alexander 
Published: June 2023

Background and Aims: Despite limited sensitivity, the gold standard for the diagnosis of malignant cells in ascites is still cytology. The aim of this prospective proof-of-principle study was to evaluate DNA methylation as a molecular tool for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.
Methods: A cohort of 79 patients with malignant and non-malignant ascites was prospectively enrolled. Ascites was assessed by cytopathological and laboratory examination. Cell pellets obtained by centrifugation were analyzed for differences in DNA methylation of of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) and microRNA-137. Quantitative determination of methylation in bisulfite-converted DNA was performed by pyrosequencing. In a subsequent stage, we compared our data to previously published data in the field following systematic review of the literature.
Results: Methylation status of studied LINE-1 and microRNA-137 could be reliably detected in all samples. Systematic evaluation revealed reliable reproducibility with satisfactory short- and long-term stability against degradation. Ascites from patients with a malignancy had a significantly higher methylation level of microRNA-137 compared with patients without tumor disease, whereas patients with peritonitis had significantly decreased methylation of microRNA-137. In contrast, differences in the measurement of the methylation status of LINE-1 could only be detected between patients with portal hypertension and a combination of malignant and infectious ascites. Inflammatory cells reflecting peritonitis correlated to DNA methylation changes.
Conclusions: Analysis of DNA methylation in ascites is technically feasible, well reproducible and may lead to identification of potential biomarkers for peritoneal carcinomatosis and other conditions. Inflammatory cells due to peritonitis may also be associated with DNA methylation changes and need to be considered in future studies. Profiling studied under standardized conditions will be needed to identify the appropriate biomarkers for differential diagnosis of ascites.
La interpretación del discurso reproducido como fuente de conflicto en conversaciones familiares
Authors: Sanmartín-Sáez Julia , Albelda-Marco Marta 
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se analiza un patrón discursivo, considerado, a modo de hipótesis, como recurrente en conversaciones conflictivas entre personas con estrecha relación vivencial. El patrón se encuentra formado por un intercambio mínimo de dos intervenciones. La primera intervención consiste en un ataque argumentativo basado en la reproducción e interpretación del discurso previo del interlocutor para desacreditarle. Su destinatario reacciona, en la segunda intervención, expresando desacuerdo hacia la interpretación que se ha hecho de sus palabras, las rechaza y corrige.
El estudio se sitúa en el marco del Análisis del Discurso y del Análisis Conversacional y toma como corpus 13 conversaciones familiares. Los resultados muestran un patrón con diversas variantes que tiende a replicarse durante varios intercambios al alimentar el conflicto. También se observa que la mayor parte de actos de habla realizados son reproches, acusaciones y críticas, y que los hablantes manifiestan su supremacía epistémica, lo que también aviva el conflicto.
A pre-competitive research on frozen gnocchi: quality evaluation and market survey
Authors: Stasi Antonio , Baino Antonietta 
Published: June 2023

This research was aimed to evaluate quality and safety of five formulations of gnocchi, namely, traditional, tomato-basil, pumpkin, spinach, with cauliflower pieces, and stuffed with cheese, to be marketed in a frozen state. An online survey was performed to assess the consumer desires and willingness to buy these new products in order to assess consumer preferences and targets and verify whether fresh and frozen gnocchi could become market substitutes or complements. The results highlighted that frozen gnocchi were a good product under different points of view and characteristics of an ideal consumer.
Value of morphological and laboratory markers in predicting the effectiveness of cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kalemberg E. N. , Davtyan K. V. , Blagova O. V. , Brutyan A. A. , Zlobina P. D. , Kharlap M. S. 
Published: June 2023

Aim. To determine the clinical, morphological, and biochemical pre­dictors of substrate-specific, non-vein-dependent atrial fibrillation (AF) by morphological and immunological examinations in patients with recurrent AF after pulmonary vein (PV) isolation.Material and methods. The study included 100 people (58 men and 42 women) with paroxysmal (n=89) and persistent (n=11) AF with a mean age of 58,2±9,4 years. After the primary operation, 15 people withdrew from the study due to refusal of reintervention, and 1 person withdrew due to suppuration of loop recorder bed and its explantation. A total of 100 patients underwent primary cryoballoon PV isolation with myocardial biopsy from the interventricular and interatrial septa, while 60 patients had subsequent hematoxylin-eosin and Van Gieson stains. Also, 100 patients were simultaneously implanted with ECG loop recorders for AF monitoring and blood was taken (before the intervention) for subsequent analysis of inflammation markers and antimyocardial antibodies. Patients underwent clinical observation during the year (visits after 3, 6, 12 months). Patients with relapses were referred for repeat electrophysiological examination and segmental ablation if PV ruptures were detected. After repeated intervention, the follow-up period was extended for a year with the same schedule of visits. According Two groups of patients were formed: without relapses (vein-dependent AF, group I) and with relapses (non-vein-dependent AF, group II), despite the achieved PV isolation as a result of 1 or 2 operations.Results. An analysis of morphological changes showed that an increase in AF recurrence risk by an average of 6,14 times (95% confidence interval: 1,14-47,6 (p=0,0462)) is associated with stage 2 interventricular septal fibrosis. Lymphocyte infiltration of the interventricular septum was associated with higher AF recurrence by an average of 9 times (95% confidence interval: 0,89-95,37) (p=0,0519).Among the laboratory parameters, a significantly higher concentration of the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and a significantly lower concentration of antimyocardial antibodies were found in the group of patients with recurrent AF after LV isolation (p=0,0101).Conclusion. Inflammatory myocardium changes are an important link in the pathogenesis of AF and are associated with its recurrence.
Comparison of thirty-year survival in the populations of Russia and the United States of America
Authors: Vilkov V. G. , Shalnova S. A. , Kapustina A. V. , Muromtseva G. A. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: June 2023

Aim. To compare survival at a 30-year follow-up in the populations of Russia and USA.Material and methods. From the Russian studies of 1975-1982, 14728 men and 6140 women aged 18-71 years were included, with follow-up until 2017 (501016 person-years of follow-up). In addition, 2265 men and 2345 women aged 18-71 years from the US population (The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) were compared with survey data in 1988-1994, with mortality follow-up until 2019 (115523 person-years of follow-up). Kaplan-Meier curves were created in groups of men and women aged 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-71 years old. All-cause death was taken into account as an outcome. We analyzed the prevalence of a number of cardiovascular risk factors.Results. Comparison of Kaplan-Meier curves in Russia and USA shows significant differences in all five age groups of men; in Russia the prognosis was worse (p=0,000). In women, significant differences of the same direction appear only at the age of ≥60 years (p=0,003). Comparison of the prevalence of risk factors showed that in Russia hypertension occurs several times more often than in the United States, while the differences are significant in all age groups of men and women.Conclusion. At a 30-year follow-up, the prognosis for Russia is worse compared to the United States for all age groups of men and for women >60 years of age.
"Woman — Health Model": Federal Project for health literacy promotion
Authors: Lopatina M. V. , Oussova E. V. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Ipatov P. V. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: June 2023

Состояние здоровья в значительной мере определяет качество жизни человека. Это значимый социально-экономический ресурс и основа национальной безопасности страны.