bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus versus hydrocortisone as a topical treatment of atopic dermatitis in children
Authors: Mohamed Amal A. , El Borolossy Radwa , Salah Eman M. , Hussein Maha S. , Muharram Nashwa M. , Elsalawy Naglaa , Khalil Mona G. , Mahmoud Maha O. , El-Amir Reham Y. , Elsanhory Heba M. A. , Ahmed Nourelhuda , Adaroas Ahmed S. , Montaser Mahmoud , El Kholy Amal A. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) aetiology is not exactly identified, but it is characterized by pruritic skin reactions with elevation in the levels of inflammatory markers. Despite the fact that Corticosteroids are the mainstay therapy in the management of AD, they have many local and systemic adverse effects.Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical tacrolimus ointment in comparison to topical hydrocortisone cream in the management of the AD of children diagnosed with AD.Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 200 children with AD. They were simply randomized into two groups, the tacrolimus group treated with 0.03% topical tacrolimus ointment and the hydrocortisone group treated with 1% hydrocortisone cream twice daily during the 3 weeks study period.Results: At the end of the study, both the tacrolimus and hydrocortisone groups showed a significant decline in the mean serum level of IL-10, IL-17, and IL-23 (p &lt; 0.05) when compared to their baseline levels. However, the tacrolimus group showed a more significant decrease (p &lt; 0.05) in the mean serum level of IL-10, IL-17, and IL-23 as compared to the hydrocortisone group [Mean differences = 1.600, 95% CI: 0.9858–2.214; 1.300, 95% CI: 1.086–1.514 and 4.200, 95% CI: 3.321–5.079]. Moreover, the median mEASI decreased similarly from 32 to 21 in the tacrolimus group and from 30 to 22 in the hydrocortisone group (p &gt; 0.05) [Median difference = −2.000, 95% CI: −2.651 to −1.349; Median difference = 1.000, 95% CI: 0.3489–1.651]. Mild to moderate transient stinging and erythema were the main adverse effects that showed higher incidence in the tacrolimus group than in the hydrocortisone group (p &lt; 0.05). In most cases, they resolved within 3–4 days. Besides, tacrolimus ointment did not cause skin atrophy as compared to the hydrocortisone group (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Tacrolimus ointment is more beneficial than hydrocortisone cream in managing AD in children in terms of lowering the inflammatory markers, however, there is no difference on the dermatitis severity scale. Moreover, tacrolimus is safer with a better side effect profile compared to hydrocortisone.Trial Registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov identifier: NCT05324618)
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia associated with low-molecular-weight heparin: clinical feature analysis of cases and pharmacovigilance assessment of the FAERS database
Authors: Liu Leping , Zheng Hong , Chen Shanshan , Wang Shengfeng , Yang Minghua 
Published: September 2023

Background: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) are commonly used anticoagulants for the management of arterial and venous thromboses. However, it is crucial to be aware that LMWH can, in rare cases, lead to a dangerous complication known as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacovigilance and clinical features of HIT associated with LMWH, as well as identify treatment strategies and risk factors to facilitate prompt management.Methods: We extracted adverse event report data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database for pharmacovigilance assessment. Case reports on LMWH-induced thrombocytopenia dated up to 20 March 2023 were collected for retrospective analysis.Results: Significantly elevated reporting rates of HIT were shown in adverse event (AE) data of LMWHs in the FAERS database, while tinzaparin had a higher proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and reporting odds ratio (ROR) than other LMWHs, indicating a greater likelihood of HIT. Case report analysis indicated that a total of 43 patients showed evidence of LMWH-induced thrombocytopenia with a median onset time of 8 days. Almost half of the events were caused by enoxaparin. LMWHs were mainly prescribed for the treatment of embolism and thromboprophylaxis of joint operation. Patients with a history of diabetes or surgery appeared to be more susceptible to HIT. Clinical symptoms were mostly presented as thrombus, skin lesion, and dyspnea. Almost 90% of the patients experienced a platelet reduction of more than 50% and had a Warkentin 4T score of more than 6, indicating a high likelihood of HIT. In all patients, LMWHs that were determined to be the cause were promptly withdrawn. Following the discontinuation of LMWHs, almost all patients were given alternative anticoagulants and eventually achieved recovery.Conclusion: LMWH-induced thrombocytopenia is rare but serious, with increased risk in patients with diabetes or a surgical history. Prompt recognition and management are crucial for the safe use of LMWHs.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated lipoxygenase gene-editing in yellow pea leads to major changes in fatty acid and flavor profiles
Authors: Bhowmik Pankaj , Yan Wei , Hodgins Connor , Polley Brittany , Warkentin Tom , Nickerson Michael , Ro Dae-Kyun , Marsolais Frédéric , Domoney Claire , Shariati-Ievari Shiva , Aliani Michel 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionAlthough pulses are nutritious foods containing high amounts of protein, fiber and phytochemicals, their consumption and use in the food industry have been limited due to the formation of unappealing flavors/aromas described as beany, green, and grassy. Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes are prevalent among pulse seeds, and their activity can lead to the formation of specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from certain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). As a widespread issue in legumes, including soybean, these VOCs have been linked to certain unappealing taste perception of foods containing processed pulse seeds.MethodsTo address this problem in pea and as proof of principle to promote the wider use of pulses, a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) construct was designed to create null alleles (knockouts) of PsLOX2 which had been implicated in the generation of VOCs in peas.Results and discussionSuccessful CRISPR/Cas9-mediated LOX gene editing of stable transgenic pea lines (TGP) was confirmed by DNA sequencing of the wild type (WT) and TGP pslox2 mutant lines. These lines were also assessed for LOX activity, PUFA levels, and VOCs. Compared to WT peas, the TGP lines showed a significant reduction (p &lt; 0.05) in LOX activity and in the concentration of key VOCs, including hexanal, 2-hexenal, heptanal, (E)-2-heptenal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, 1-octen-3-ol, octanal, (E)-2-octenal (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal and furan-2-pentyl. The content of two essential PUFAs, linoleic and α-linolenic acids, the known substrates of LOX in plants, was higher in TGP flours, indicating the efficacy of the CRISPR-mediated gene editing in minimizing their oxidation and the further modification of PUFAs and their products. The collection of VOCs from the headspace of ground pea seeds, using a portable eNose also distinguished the TGP and WT lines. Multiple regression analysis showed that LOX activity correlated with the two VOCs, heptanal and (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal in pea flours. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-R) plot for selected PUFAs, VOCs, and sensor responses in WT and TGP lines showed distinct clusters for WT and TGP lines. Together this data demonstrates the utility of CRISPR mediated mutagenesis of PsLOX2 to quickly improve aroma and fatty acid (FA) profiles of pea seeds of an elite Canadian variety.
When healers get wounded! Moral injury in healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Madah , Imran Nazish , Aamer Irum , Iqtadar Somia , Shabbir Bilquis 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMoral injury (MI) is a multi-faceted and multidimensional phenomenon. Occupational MI has been studied mainly among military personnel and first responders and is linked to mental health problems. MI encompasses negative moral emotions such as shame, guilt, and anger leading to distress, and impairment in social and occupational functioning. The COVID-19 pandemic predisposed healthcare providers to moral dilemmas, potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), and MI. We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of MI in healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in July–October 2021 among physician/clinician staff working at teaching hospitals in Lahore. The Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Professionals (MISS-HP) was used to collect data. SPSS 26 was used for data analysis applying Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests on non-normally distributed data at α = 0.05. Predictors of MI were ascertained through Binary Logistic Regression analysis.ResultsFour hundred and twenty physicians responded to the questionnaires. The Median (IQR) MI scores were 37(28–47). Guilt, moral concerns, and shame were higher-scoring MI dimensions. 40.8% (n = 171) suffered from clinically significant distress and impaired functioning while 14.3% (n = 60) from severe distress. Gender, department, and history of psychiatric illness predicted higher levels of distress which were 1.9 times higher in females than males and 2.5 times higher with a history of psychiatric illness. Working on the front lines did not predict MI.ConclusionOur findings highlight the substantial burden of MI in our sample during COVID-19, having implications for healthcare providers’ well-being, healthcare quality, and service delivery. This calls for concerted efforts from all stakeholders to better prepare for future disasters through effective human-resource policies, pre-trauma exposure soft-skills training, effective teamwork and communication strategies; self-stewardship and resilience modules, and mental health support for healthcare providers. The dimensional construct of MI may vary across cultures; hence we recommend further cross-cultural research on MI in healthcare providers, particularly in the context of public health disasters.
Adaptation and psychometric study of the scale for the measurement of fear and anxiety of COVID-19 disease in pregnant women (AMICO_Pregnant)
Authors: Muñoz-Vela Francisco Javier , Rodríguez-Díaz Luciano , Fernández-Carrasco Francisco Javier , Allande-Cussó Regina , Vázquez-Lara Juana Maria , Fagundo-Rivera Javier , Gómez-Salgado Juan 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this research was to adapt and explore the psychometric properties of a specific scale to assess the levels of fear and anxiety of COVID-19 disease in pregnant women.MethodsAn adaptation phase, by a panel of experts, and a psychometric descriptive cross-sectional study were carried out on the final version of the 16-item, self-administered AMICO_Pregnant scale. Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out, followed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The consistency of the scale was assessed using the Omega coefficient and Cronbach’s Alpha.ResultsWith a sample of 1,013 pregnant women living in Spain and over 18 years of age, the mean age was 33 years. The scale showed a bifactor structure (anxiety and fear) that was confirmed with good fit parameters. Reliability was assessed in terms of internal consistency by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (0.95) and McDonald’s Omega coefficient (0.94) as indicators of robustness of the scale’s reliability.ConclusionThe AMICO_Pregnant scale of 16 items with scores ranging from 1 to 10 is a valid and reliable tool to assess levels of anxiety and fear of COVID_19 in Spanish pregnant women. Pregnant women have shown moderate levels of anxiety and fear regarding the COVID_19 disease in the final phase of the pandemic.
Understanding tumor localization in multiparametric MRI of the prostate—effectiveness of 3D printed models
Authors: Haack Maximilian , Reisen Katja , Ghazy Ahmed , Stroh Kristina , Frey Lisa , Sparwasser Peter , Duwe Gregor , Mager Rene , Haferkamp Axel , Borgmann Hendrik 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionUnderstanding tumor localization in multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate is challenging for urologists but of great importance in mpMRI-fused prostate biopsy or radical prostatectomy. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D printed models of the prostate to help urologists to locate tumors.Methods and Participants20 urologists from University Medical Center Mainz (Germany) were asked to plot the location of a cancer suspicious lesion (PI-RADS ≥ 4) on a total of 30 mpMRI on a prostate sector diagram. The following 3 groups (as matched triplets) were divided into: mpMRI only, mpMRI with radiological report and mpMRI with 3D printed model (scaled 1:1). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way and two-way ANOVA (with bonferroni post-test).ResultsOverall, localization of the suspicious lesion was superior with the radiological report (median of max. 10 [IQR]: MRI 2 [IQR 1;5], MRI + report: 8 [6.3;9], MRI + 3D model 3 [1.3;5.8]; p &lt; 0.001). Residents with &lt;1 year of experience had a significantly higher detection rate using a 3D printed model [5 (5;5.8)] compared to mpMRI alone [1.5 (1;3.5)] (p &lt; 0.05). Regarding the estimation of index lesion extension, the 3D model showed a significant benefit (mean percentage difference [95% CI]: MRI alone 234% [17.1;451.5], MRI + report 114% [78.5;149.6], MRI + 3D model 17% [−7.4;41.3] (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionUrologists still need the written radiological report for a sufficient understanding of tumor localization. The effectiveness of the 3D printed model regarding tumor localization is particularly evident in young residents (&lt;1 year) and leads to a better overall assessment of the tumor extension.
The ToxCast pipeline: updates to curve-fitting approaches and database structure
Authors: Feshuk M. , Kolaczkowski L. , Dunham K. , Davidson-Fritz S. E. , Carstens K. E. , Brown J. , Judson R. S. , Paul Friedman K. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The US Environmental Protection Agency Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) program makes in vitro medium- and high-throughput screening assay data publicly available for prioritization and hazard characterization of thousands of chemicals. The assays employ a variety of technologies to evaluate the effects of chemical exposure on diverse biological targets, from distinct proteins to more complex cellular processes like mitochondrial toxicity, nuclear receptor signaling, immune responses, and developmental toxicity. The ToxCast data pipeline (tcpl) is an open-source R package that stores, manages, curve-fits, and visualizes ToxCast data and populates the linked MySQL Database, invitrodb.Methods: Herein we describe major updates to tcpl and invitrodb to accommodate a new curve-fitting approach. The original tcpl curve-fitting models (constant, Hill, and gain-loss models) have been expanded to include Polynomial 1 (Linear), Polynomial 2 (Quadratic), Power, Exponential 2, Exponential 3, Exponential 4, and Exponential 5 based on BMDExpress and encoded by the R package dependency, tcplfit2. Inclusion of these models impacted invitrodb (beta version v4.0) and tcpl v3 in several ways: (1) long-format storage of generic modeling parameters to permit additional curve-fitting models; (2) updated logic for winning model selection; (3) continuous hit calling logic; and (4) removal of redundant endpoints as a result of bidirectional fitting.Results and discussion: Overall, the hit call and potency estimates were largely consistent between invitrodb v3.5 and 4.0. Tcpl and invitrodb provide a standard for consistent and reproducible curve-fitting and data management for diverse, targeted in vitro assay data with readily available documentation, thus enabling sharing and use of these data in myriad toxicology applications. The software and database updates described herein promote comparability across multiple tiers of data within the US Environmental Protection Agency CompTox Blueprint.
Genome-Wide Identification of TCP Gene Family in Dendrobium and Their Expression Patterns in Dendrobium chrysotoxum
Authors: Huang Ye , Zhao Xuewei , Zheng Qinyao , He Xin , Zhang Meng-Meng , Ke Shijie , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Cuili , Ahmad Sagheer , Lan Siren , Liu Zhong-Jian 
Published: September 2023

The TCP gene family are plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth and development. Dendrobium chrysotoxum, D. nobile, and D. huoshanense are orchids with a high ornamental value, but few studies have investigated the specific functions of TCPs in Dendrobium flower development. In this study, we used these three Dendrobium species to analyze TCPs, examining their physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, and expression profiles. A total of 50 TCPs were identified across three Dendrobium species; they were divided into two clades—Class-I (PCF subfamily) and Class-II (CIN and CYC/TB1 subfamilies)—based on their phylogenetic relationships. Our sequence logo analysis showed that almost all Dendrobium TCPs contain a conserved TCP domain, as well as the existence of fewer exons, and the cis-regulatory elements of the TCPs were mostly related to light response. In addition, our transcriptomic data and qRT-PCR results showed that DchTCP2 and DchTCP13 had a significant impact on lateral organs. Moreover, changes in the expression level of DchTCP4 suggested its important role in the phenotypic variation of floral organs. Therefore, this study provides a significant reference for the further exploration of TCP gene functions in the regulation of different floral organs in Dendrobium orchids.
Spirituality as a Protective Factor
Authors: Wilke Nicole Gilbertson , Roberts Megan , Mitchell Tony , Howard Amanda Hiles 
Published: September 2023

Adults who were separated from parental care as children and resided in alternative care settings often experience difficulties throughout their lifespan. Thus, it is important to explore factors that lead to better outcomes. Spirituality is one protective factor that has received attention in academic literature in recent years. However, little work has examined spirituality in this population or the specific ways it impacts wellbeing in adulthood. Using thematic analysis, the current study explored the specific ways spirituality serves as a protective factor in a multinational sample of 267 individuals with care experience. Data revealed six spirituality-related themes: 1) relationship with God, 2) spiritual community support, 3) spirituality as a component of identity development, 4) a belief in a higher purpose, 5) spirituality-motivated servanthood, and 6) access to spirituality-based teachings and teachers. Based on these findings, we propose data-informed recommendations to improve services for children separated from parental care.
“Al Maestro con cariño”
Authors: Ratier Hugo , Pagano María Inés 
Published: September 2023

Presentamos una aproximación a la trayectoria de Hugo Ratier, a partir de un encuentro personal donde destacamos sus vivencias y compartimos cómo éstas lo acercaron a la Antropología que luego practicó y transmitió. Este breve recorrido se inicia con mi encuentro como estudiante de la carrera y luego integrante de uno de los equipos de investigación dirigidos por Hugo, a quien considero un maestro. Continúa evocando su proximidad y experiencia —desde niño— con la diferencia, y allí se presenta como una figura central su tío Carybé. Finalizamos esta presentación con una selección de fragmentos tomados de sus libretas de campo del viaje que emprende en el año 1956 —cuando aún no era antropólogo titulado— a San Salvador de Bahía (Brasil), a partir de su interés por las religiones afro-brasileñas.
PEMBATALAN KONTRAK SECARA SEPIHAK DALAM TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE
Authors: Banjarnahor Radiasca 
Published: September 2023

Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai pembatalan sepihak yang dilakukan platform market place lazada beserta dampaknya bagi konsumen. Pembatalan yang dilakukan oleh Lazada bukan tanpa alasan namun memiliki faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi sehingga terjadi pembatalan tersebut. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk tanggung jawab Pihak penjual yang membatalkan perjanjian secara sepihak melalui e-commerce setelah adanya kesepepakatan para pihak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian normatif dengan tipe penelitian library research (studi kepustakaan) dengan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat faktor-faktor dalam pembatalan sepihak yang dilakukan yaitu isi dari perjanjian baku, ketersediaan produk, pengiriman, dan perilaku konsumen. Pembatalan sepihak ini dinilai melanggar hak konsumen dan kewajiban Lazada sebagai pelaku usaha jika ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen.
Rhodes: A Next-Generation OS based on Grid Governance Model
Authors: Wang Changsheng 
Published: September 2023

<p>At present, four types of OS kernels are widely available: monolithic kernels, microkernels, hybrid kernels, and exokernels. These kernel architectures are either too tightly-coupled such as monolithic, or too loose such as exokernels, or have no rules such as hybrid kernels. In recent years, to solve these problems, resource management concept frequently appears in industry and academia. Although resource management concept makes resources in OSes orderly, no existing OSes or software systems can flexibly orchestrate resource invocation.</p>
<p>This paper attempts to unify the ServiceMesh architecture and OSes, proposing a grid governance model that places resources such as applications and hardware into a grid, rather than in a traditional layered architecture. Through unified rule governance in the model, the organization of resources in the grid is more flexible and scalable. At the same time, by separating rules from resource grid, rules in the model are also scalable. Based on the model, we built Rhodes OS that allows users to modify and extend resource management rules by governance center. We implemented Rhodes on x86-64 and evaluated it. Our evaluation results show that applications performance in Rhodes is equivalent to Linux. We believe that OSes based on the grid governance model will pave the way for a brand new direction in the development of operating systems.</p>
Enhancing the Power Grid Small-Signal Stability via Optimally Coordinating Inverter-Based Renewables
Authors: Yuan Hui , Li Zhiyi , Li Shiyang , Gao Huisheng 
Published: September 2023

<p> The growing penetration of Inverter-Based Renewables (IBRs) that synchronize with the power grid through phase-lock loops (PLLs) has caused a set of small-signal stability issues. Commonly, these issues can be addressed by refining controllers’ design of IBRs, which however fails to be effective when power grids are operating under critical conditions. To this end, this paper presents a novel optimization model for coordinating active power outputs (i.e., operation adjustment) of IBRs while satisfying small-signal stability constraints (SSSCs). In particular, SSSCs are formulated based on a new metric that quantifies the small-signal stability from the viewpoint of grid strength, which is especially suitable for those “black-boxed” IBRs. To reduce the problem-solving complexity due to the inherent discontinuity and nonlinearity, a sequential solution approach is proposed to decompose the original optimization problem into a sequence of sub-optimization problems (SOPs). Also, a dynamical-region-adjustment method and a convex-relaxing method are integrated to ensure the existence of feasible solutions and further enhance the solution efficiency. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is verified based on a 11-IBR test power system. </p>