bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the commonalities and knowledge gaps in coastal zone vegetation simulation models
Authors: Piercy Candice D. , Charbonneau Bianca R. , Russ Emily R. , Swannack Todd M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractModels can be powerful tools to help scientists, policymakers, and practitioners forecast vegetation dynamics and inform management decisions in a variety of ecosystems. In coastal environments, vegetation moderates physical and hydrodynamic processes that conversely affect vegetation dynamics. Coastal management and the implementation of nature‐based solutions in the coastal environment requires models that can predict vegetation dynamics that are driven by ecological processes as well as physical processes (e.g., storms, sea level rise). To determine models that are capable of simulating biomass dynamics and assess their ability to make predictions within the context of climate change and environmental management, we reviewed coastal dynamic vegetation simulation models across the following coastal zone habitats: tidal wetlands (salt marsh, mangroves, and freshwater wetlands), seagrass beds, coastal forests (maritime and floodplain forests), and dune habitats. Fifty‐four models met the review criteria and were examined to assess their ability to simulate relevant ecological processes and the spatiotemporal scales at which they are applied. These models included a variety of exogenous and endogenous processes and integrate complex ecogeomorphological feedbacks affecting plant and soil community, hydrodynamic, and sediment transport dynamics. Most models reviewed utilized implicit approaches to predicting vegetation biomass and simulated a limited number of processes based on the principal drivers of habitat of interest. Key gaps identified were the exclusion of below‐ground biomass dynamics, limited inclusion of processes such as competition, facilitation, and succession, and the inability to simulate management actions. Future models should seek to move towards process‐based approaches where appropriate to enable their application to different systems and facilitate their use under novel environmental conditions.
Equity in adjuvant radiotherapy utilization in locally advanced head and neck cancer: A SEER‐data based study
Authors: Beckett Matthew , Gaudet Marc , Bourque Jean‐Marc , Dennis Kristopher , Abdel‐Wahab May 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundNot all patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC) who are eligible for adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) following upfront surgery appear to receive it.MethodsData were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Selected patients from 2009 to 2018 had locally advanced HNC, underwent upfront surgery, and were eligible for adjuvant RT. Multivariable logistic regression and chi‐squared test were used to analyze available patient and tumor characteristics.ResultsOf 12 549 patients, 84.5% underwent adjuvant RT, 15.5% did not. Characteristics associated with lowest adjuvant RT utilization included cancers of the larynx (p < 0.0001) and gingivae (p < 0.0001), age 80 and above (p < 0.0001), unpartnered status (p < 0.0001), and residence within a nonmetropolitan area (p < 0.0024).ConclusionsTumor subsite, age, partnered status, and rural/urban residence correlate with omission of adjuvant RT in locally advanced HNC.
Halogen‐Bonded Liquid Crystals
Authors: Präsang Carsten , Bruce Duncan W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile the halogen bond has been recognised and studied for over a hundred years, it is only in more recent times that chemists have begun to apply it and see its possibilities as another supramolecular interaction that can be deployed in the preparation of materials. This review takes one of those areas, liquid crystals, and considers examples of motifs that have been deployed successfully to generate new mesogens. In particular, rather than attempting to be comprehensive, the article reviews critically data from well‐characterised systems and seeks to first make some comparisons with analogous hydrogen‐bonded materials, before considering how the lability and flexibility of the halogen bond expresses itself in liquid crystal behaviour.
Role of seasonality variation in prevalence and trend of childhood wasting in India: An empirical analysis using National Family Health Surveys, 2005–2021
Authors: Dwivedi Laxmi Kant , Bhatia Mrigesh , Bansal Anjali , Mishra Rahul , P. Shirisha , Jana Somnath , Subramanian S. V. , Unisa Sayeed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWasting develops over a short period and can be reversed with short‐term interventions. The prevalence of wasting typically varies from season to season—becoming higher during the monsoon (June to September) season as compared to the winter (October to January) and summer (February to May) seasons every year in a cyclical fashion. However, to the best of our knowledge, using nationally representative demographic surveys to extensively study the impact of the timing of the survey on the results and trends around wasting has not been done so far.ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to ascertain whether seasonality has an impact on the trend and levels of wasting between NFHS‐3 (2005–2006) and NFHS‐5 (2019–2021).MethodsThe analysis was based on data on 51,555, 259,627, and 232,920 children under 5 years included in NFHS‐3, NFHS‐4, and NFHS‐5 respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and the predicted probabilities approach were employed to examine the effect of the months of interview on the prevalence of wasting. The analysis was conducted for 9 states of India which had data for comparable months to compute wasting levels.ResultsWe found that at the national level, wasting increased in India by one per cent from NFHS‐3 to NFHS‐4 but declined by 2% from NFHS‐4 to NFHS‐5. The results show that seasonality significantly influenced the prevalence of wasting. It was observed that compared to January, the odds of wasting were particularly higher in summer and monsoon seasons, especially in the month of August across all three rounds, indicating the influence of seasonality in the prevalence of wasting in the country.DiscussionThe prevalence of wasting in India needs to be interpreted across seasonal changes as seasonality affects many of the variables intrinsically related to child health and nutritional status.
Clinical effective use of Conquest Pro 12 Sharpened Tip for chronic total occlusion intervention: A series of three case reports
Authors: Matsuda Hiroaki , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Yoshikawa Ryohei , Okamura Atsunori 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA new chronic total occlusion (CTO) guidewire, Conquest Pro 12 Sharpened Tip (CP12ST), has a stronger penetration force than the original CP12 and a deflection effect that it does not have. The CP12ST enables us to advance into hard plaque that has not ever penetrated, which might change CTO treatment as shown in three cases.
Financial stability and sustainable development
Authors: Ozili Peterson K. , Iorember Paul Terhemba 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFinancial institutions operating in a stable financial system seem to be willing to support the realization of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). This view assumes that financial stability is crucial for sustainable development. We investigate the effect of financial stability on sustainable development. We use a unique financial stability index, sustainable development index and four SDG indicators. We analyse 26 countries from 2011 to 2018 using the system GMM method. The findings of the sustainable development index analysis show that financial stability has a significant effect on the level of sustainable development and the effect is negative in Asian countries. European and Asian countries have a high sustainable development index compared to African countries. The result of the individual SDG analyses show that financial stability has a significant effect on SDG3. Financial stability has a negative effect on SDG10 in Asian countries and a negative effect on SDG3 during periods of economic prosperity. Financial stability has a positive effect on SDG3 and SDG7 in countries where the banking system have high capital buffer. The results show that the effect of financial stability on sustainable development depends on how sustainable development is measured.
Outpatient management of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes before 34 weeks: Maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Murillo Clara , Ferrero Silvia , Cobo Teresa , Renau Montse Izquierdo , Aldecoa Victoria , Grau Laia , Ponce Julia , Rueda Claudia , Palacio Montse 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women complicated with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) eligible for outpatient care.MethodsThis study included a retrospective cohort of patients with singleton pregnancies with PPROM between 23+0 to 34+0 weeks who remained pregnant after the first 72 h. Outpatient management was considered in women with clinical, ultrasound and analytical stability, and easy access to hospital. Maternal, fetal, and neonatal results were compared between women managed as inpatients versus those managed as outpatients.ResultsWomen eligible for the outpatient management had a better prognostic profile (no anhydramnios, longer cervical length, less intraamniotic infection, and clinical, ultrasound, and analytical stability) and presented a lower gestational age at admission and longer latency to delivery, resulting in a similar gestational age at delivery as the inpatient group. Postpartum curettage, uterine atony, respiratory distress syndrome, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were less frequent in the outpatient group. Composite maternal‐fetal morbidity and mortality outcomes were similar in both groups, while composite neonatal morbidity and mortality outcomes were significantly lower in the outpatient group.ConclusionOutpatient management may be an option for women presenting stable PPROM before 34 weeks when adequate selection criteria are fulfilled. Differences in perinatal outcomes in the outpatient group compared with the inpatient group are probably attributable to baseline characteristics. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to confirm the benefits of outpatient management in PPROM.
SkinNet‐ENDO: Multiclass skin lesion recognition using deep neural network and Entropy‐Normal distribution optimization algorithm with ELM
Authors: Khan Muhammad Attique , Akram Tallha , Zhang Yu‐Dong , Alhaisoni Majed , Al Hejaili Abdullah , Shaban Khalid Adel , Tariq Usman , Zayyan Muhammad H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe early diagnosis of skin cancer through clinical methods reduces the human mortality rate. The manual screening of dermoscopic images is not an efficient procedure; therefore, researchers working in the domain of computer vision employed several algorithms to classify the skin lesion. The existing computerized methods have a few drawbacks, such as low accuracy and high computational time. Therefore, in this work, we proposed a novel deep learning and Entropy‐Normal Distribution Optimization Algorithm with extreme learning machine (NDOEM)‐based architecture for multiclass skin lesion classification. The proposed architecture consists of five fundamental steps. In the first step, two contrast enhancement techniques including hybridization of mathematical formulation and convolutional neural network are implemented prior to data augmentation. In the second step, two pre‐trained deep learning models, EfficientNetB0 and DarkNet19, are fine‐tuned and retrained through the transfer learning. In the third step, features are extracted from the fine‐tuned models and later the most discriminant features are selected based on novel Entropy‐NDOELM algorithm. The selected features are finally fused using a parallel correlation technique in the fourth step to generate the result feature vectors. Finally, the resultant features are again down‐sampled using the proposed algorithm and the resultant features are passed to the extreme learning machine (ELM) for the final classification. The simulations are conducted on three publicly available datasets as HAM10000, ISIC2018, and ISIC2019 to achieving an accuracy of 95.7%, 96.3%, and 94.8% respectively.
Sulfamethizole attenuates poloxamer 407‐induced atherosclerotic neointima formation via inhibition of mTOR in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Solanki Ankita , Savla Shreya R. , Borkar Maheshkumar R. , Bhatt Lokesh K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMammalian target of Rapamycin C1 (mTORC1) inhibition limits plaque progression in atherosclerosis. The present study evaluated the protective effect of sulfamethizole on poloxamer 407‐induced atherosclerotic neointima formation in C57BL/6 mice via mTOR inhibition. Poloxamer 407 (P‐407) (0.5 g/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally to male C57BL/6 mice every third day for 148 days to induce chronic hyperlipidemia. From Day 121 to 148, animals were additionally administered Sulfamethizole (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg, p.o.), Rapamycin (0.5 mg/kg, positive control), or vehicle (1 ml/kg). Plasma lipid levels were measured on Days 120 and 148. Upon sacrifice, histological studies were performed, and aortic tissue interleukin (IL)‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and mTOR levels were evaluated. A molecular docking study was carried out to mimic the interaction of sulfamethizole with mTOR protein. Chronic P‐407 administration significantly (p < 0.001) elevated plasma lipid levels, compared with those of the normal control group. Chronic hyperlipidemia resulted in increased tunica intima thickness, collagen deposition, and IL‐6, TNF‐α, and mTOR levels. Treatment with Sulfamethizole attenuated these parameters significantly in a dose‐dependent manner. Molecular docking studies showed a significant interaction of Sulfamethizole with mTOR. In conclusion, this study suggests that sulfamethizole significantly limits poloxamer 407‐induced atherosclerotic neointima formation in C57BL/6 mice via mTOR inhibition.
Long‐time scale simulations of virus‐like particles from three human‐norovirus strains
Authors: Lipska Agnieszka G. , Sieradzan Adam K. , Czaplewski Cezary , Lipińska Andrea D. , Ocetkiewicz Krzysztof M. , Proficz Jerzy , Czarnul Paweł , Krawczyk Henryk , Liwo Adam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe dynamics of the virus like particles (VLPs) corresponding to the GII.4 Houston, GII.2 SMV, and GI.1 Norwalk strains of human noroviruses (HuNoV) that cause gastroenteritis was investigated by means of long‐time (about 30 μs in the laboratory timescale) molecular dynamics simulations with the coarse‐grained UNRES force field. The main motion of VLP units turned out to be the bending at the junction between the P1 subdomain (that sits in the VLP shell) and the P2 subdomain (that protrudes outside) of the major VP1 protein, this resulting in a correlated wagging motion of the P2 subdomains with respect to the VLP surface. The fluctuations of the P2 subdomain were found to be more pronounced and the P2 domain made a greater angle with the normal to the VLP surface for the GII.2 strain, which could explain the inability of this strain to bind the histo‐blood group antigens (HBGAs).
Induced odd cycle packing number, independent sets, and chromatic number
Authors: Dvořák Zdeněk , Pekárek Jakub 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe induced odd cycle packing number of a graph is the maximum integer such that contains an induced subgraph consisting of pairwise vertex‐disjoint odd cycles. Motivated by applications to geometric graphs, Bonamy et al. proved that graphs of bounded induced odd cycle packing number, bounded Vapnik–Chervonenkis (VC) dimension, and linear independence number admit a randomized efficient polynomial‐time approximation scheme for the independence number. We show that the assumption of bounded VC dimension is not necessary, exhibiting a randomized algorithm that for any integers and and any ‐vertex graph of induced odd cycle packing number at most returns in time an independent set of whose size is at least with high probability. In addition, we present ‐boundedness results for graphs with bounded odd cycle packing number, and use them to design a quasipolynomial‐time approximation scheme for the independence number only assuming bounded induced odd cycle packing number.
Relationship between supracrestal soft tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypic features: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Couso‐Queiruga Emilio , Barboza Eliane Porto , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo , Gonzalez‐Martin Oscar , Chambrone Leandro , Rodrigues Diogo Moreira 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the association between periodontal supracrestal soft tissue dimensions (PSSTDs) and other phenotypic features in non‐molar maxillary teeth.Materials and MethodsAdult subjects in need of comprehensive dental treatment were recruited. Periodontal phenotypic variables (i.e., facial and palatal gingival thickness [GT], alveolar bone thickness [BT], and PSSTDs, namely distance from the gingival margin to the bone crest defined as periodontal supracrestal tissue height [PSTH] and distance from the cementoenamel junction to the bone crest [CEJ‐BC]) were recorded using cone‐beam computed tomography scans. Standardized intraoral photographs were obtained to assess facial keratinized tissue width (KTW) and other anatomical parameters (i.e., tooth type, gingival architecture, and interproximal papilla height).ResultsThe study sample was constituted of 87 participants that contributed with a total of 522 maxillary anterior teeth. Differences in mean values of PSSTDs, KTW, GT, and BT were observed between tooth types and sex. Males exhibited a thicker GT and BT, and taller PSTH and KTW compared to females. Shorter CEJ‐BC was associated with shorter PSTH, wider KTW, and thicker GT and BT. Shorter PSTH was associated with thicker facial BT. Notably, BT and GT were positively correlated at both facial and palatal sites, meaning that the thicker the gingival phenotype, the thicker the bone morphotype. Facial BT and facial GT were positively correlated with KTW. A flat gingival architecture was associated with the thick periodontal phenotype. Square teeth had shorter CEJ‐BC, wider KTW, and thicker GT.ConclusionsPeriodontal phenotypic features vary across and within subjects, between facial and palatal sites at different apico‐coronal levels, and as a function of sex and tooth type. The shorter the PSSTDs, the wider the KTW and the thicker the GT and BT. PSSTDs, particularly PSTH, should be considered an integral component of the periodontal phenotype.
Is clustering accounted for in studies published in periodontology and oral implantology specialty journals?
Authors: Lempesi Evangelia , Pandis Nikolaos , Faggion Clovis , Seehra Jadbinder 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundClustering effects can be encountered in periodontology and implant dentistry research. The aim of this study was to identify studies with clustering effects published in periodontology and oral implantology specialty journals and to assess the frequency by which clustered designs are correctly accounted for in the statistical analysis.MethodsTen periodontology and oral implantology journals were searched to identify studies with clustering effects published between January 1, 2019 and July 31, 2021. Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions were calculated. Associations between the correct statistical handling of clustering effects and study characteristics were explored.ResultsA total of 695 studies were included of which 45.0% correctly accounted for clustering effects in the statistical analysis. Certain journals (p < 0.01) and animal studies (p < 0.01) had lower odds of correctly accounting for clustering effects in the statistical analysis, whereas per unit increase in impact factor (p < 0.001), involvement of statistician (p < 0.001) and when the study design included either repeated measures only (p < 0.01) or both clustering and repeated measures (p < 0.001) had higher odds. The most commonly used tests were the mixed models or generalized estimating equations (64.2%).ConclusionsGreater awareness of the importance of accounting for clustering effects is required to prevent incorrect inferences being drawn. Incorrect inferences are related to lack of data independence and the artificial inflation of the sample size which can result in statistically significant results which are not genuine. This issue can be further exaggerated in combination with publication bias.
The association between low virulence organisms in different locations and intervertebral disc structural failure: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Lu Shibao , Chopra Neha , Cui Peng , Zhang Sitao , Narulla Rajpal , Diwan Ashish D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany factors may trigger intervertebral disc (IVD) structural failure (intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and endplate changes), including inflammation, infection, dysbiosis, and the downstream effects of chemical factors. Of these, microbial diversity in the IVD and elsewhere in the body has been considered as one of the potential reasons for disc structural failure. The exact relationships between microbial colonization and IVD structural failure are not well understood. This meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the impact of microbial colonization and its location (such as skin, IVD, muscle, soft tissues, and blood) on IVD structural failure and corresponding low back pain (LBP) if any. We searched four online databases for potential studies. The potential relationships between microbial colonization in different sample sources (such as skin, IVD, muscle, soft tissues, and blood) and IDD and endplate change were considered as primary outcomes. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for direct comparisons were reported. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) scale was used to assess the quality of evidence. Twenty‐five cohort studies met the selection criteria. Overall pooled prevalence of microbial colonization in 2419 patients with LBP was 33.2% (23.6%–43.6%). The pooled prevalence of microbial colonization in 2901 samples was 29.6% (21.0%–38.9%). Compared with the patients without endplate change, the patients with endplate changes had higher rates of microbial colonization of disc (OR = 2.83; 95% CI = 1.93–4.14; I2 = 37.6%; p = 0.108). The primary pathogen was Cutibacterium acnes which was present in 22.2% of cases (95% CI = 13.3%–32.5%; I2 = 96.6%; p = 0.000). This meta‐analysis and systematic review found low‐quality grade evidence for an association between microbial colonization of disc with endplate changes. The primary pathogen was C. acnes. Due to lack of enough high‐quality studies and methodological limitations of this review, further studies are required to improve our understanding of the potential relationships and mechanisms of microbiota, dysbiosis, IVD colonization and IVD structural failure.