bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surrogate modeling of structural seismic response using probabilistic learning on manifolds
Authors: Zhong Kuanshi , Navarro Javier G. , Govindjee Sanjay , Deierlein Gregory G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA) is generally considered to be a reliable and robust method to assess the seismic performance of buildings under strong ground motions. While NLRHA is fairly straightforward to evaluate individual structures for a select set of ground motions at a specific building site, it becomes less practical for performing large numbers of analyses to evaluate either (1) multiple models of alternative design realizations with a site‐specific set of ground motions, or (2) individual archetype building models at multiple sites with multiple sets of ground motions. In this regard, surrogate models offer an alternative to running repeated NLRHAs for variable design realizations or ground motions. In this paper, a recently developed surrogate modeling technique, called probabilistic learning on manifolds (PLoM), is presented to estimate structural seismic response. Essentially, the PLoM method provides an efficient stochastic model to develop mappings between random variables, which can then be used to efficiently estimate the structural responses for systems with variations in design/modeling parameters or ground motion characteristics. The PLoM algorithm is introduced and then used in two case studies of 12‐story buildings for estimating probability distributions of structural responses. The first example focuses on the mapping between variable design parameters of a multidegree‐of‐freedom analysis model and its peak story drift and acceleration responses. The second example applies the PLoM technique to estimate structural responses for variations in site‐specific ground motion characteristics. In both examples, training data sets are generated for orthogonal input parameter grids, and test data sets are developed for input parameters with prescribed statistical distributions. Validation studies are performed to examine the accuracy and efficiency of the PLoM models. Overall, both examples show good agreement between the PLoM model estimates and verification data sets. Moreover, in contrast to other common surrogate modeling techniques, the PLoM model is able to preserve correlation structure between peak responses. Parametric studies are conducted to understand the influence of different PLoM tuning parameters on its prediction accuracy.
Smart packaging—An overview of concepts and applications in various food industries
Authors: Thirupathi Vasuki Mithulesh , Kadirvel Vijayasri , Pejavara Narayana Gururaj 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContamination of food may occur at any stage in the process from “farm to fork”. The consumption of food contaminated with infectious bacteria, viruses and parasites, and noninfectious chemicals and toxins may cause over 200 diseases that range from diarrhea to cancers. Conventional packaging systems are sophisticated, and passive and only protect the environment. Currently, there is an elevation in new consumer demands such as improved communication capabilities in packaging systems. To satisfy the demand, smart packaging systems may be designed and employed. In this review, the mode of action adopted to ensure safety and security by various smart packaging techniques for food products such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, baked goods, meat products, beverages, and space foods is discussed. Active packaging technology focuses on maintaining the quality and enhancing the shelf‐life of food products. The elements of active packaging systems meet up the real market needs by incorporating functional agents into the packaging material. Intelligent packaging technology indicates the freshness, quality, safety, and security of food products and posses quality identification systems to effectively communicate with consumers. This review aims to analyze and interpret the concept of smart packaging systems, consumer perception, and their application in various food sectors.
Advances in Activity‐Based Protein Profiling of Functional Tyrosines in Proteomes
Authors: Brulet Jeffrey W. , Ciancone Anthony M. , Yuan Kun , Hsu Ku‐Lung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractActivity‐based protein profiling (ABPP) is a chemical proteomic method for investigating functional states of proteins in native biological settings. By quantifying changes in probe binding states of active and regulatory protein sites, ABPP reveals functional information on protein regulation and can be configured in competitive settings to determine global selectivity profiles of tool compounds and drugs in lysates, cells, and animals. Chemical probes used for ABPP analyses can target protein families with conserved enzymatic or structural features or can broadly profile the proteome using electrophiles with reactivity towards functional groups on amino acid side chains. The latter approach has provided insights to protein sites involved in allosteric regulation and non‐enzymatic functions. This review introduces quantitative ABPP workflows and discusses electrophilic groups used for ABPP profiling of functional sites in the proteome with an emphasis on tyrosine residues.
TECoSA – Trends, Drivers, and Strategic Directions for Trustworthy Edge Computing in Industrial Applications
Authors: Gross James , Törngren Martin , Dán György , Broman David , Herzog Erik , Leite Iolanda , Ramakrishna Raksha , Stower Rebecca , Thompson Haydn 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTTECoSA – a university‐based research center in collaboration with industry – was established early in 2020, focusing on Trustworthy Edge Computing Systems and Applications. This article summarizes and assesses the current trends and drivers regarding edge computing. In our analysis, edge computing provided by mobile network operators will be the initial dominating form of this new computing paradigm for the coming decade. These insights form the basis for the research agenda of the TECoSA center, highlighting more advanced use cases, including AR/VR/Cognitive Assistance, cyber‐physical systems, and distributed machine learning. The article further elaborates on the identified strategic directions given these trends, emphasizing testbeds and collaborative multidisciplinary research.
Conducting Design Reviews in a Digital Engineering Environment
Authors: Blackburn Mark R. , Kruse Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses how digital signoffs can enable new operational paradigms for business operations, digital engineering reviews, and contracts. The paper explains what digital signoffs are in the context of their use with model‐based systems engineering methods, which is how this concept and construct has evolved. The paper discusses how they are created in the current toolset. This paper explains the benefits of why digital signoffs are valuable, in addition to where they can be placed within models, and when they might be used. Finally, we discuss how digital signoffs might evolve as add‐on capabilities for digital engineering more broadly.
Pairing Bayesian Methods and Systems Theory to Enable Test and Evaluation of Learning‐Based Systems
Authors: Wach Paul , Krometis Justin , Sonanis Atharva , Verma Dinesh , Panchal Jitesh , Freeman Laura , Beling Peter 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTModern engineered systems, and learning‐based systems, in particular, provide unprecedented complexity that requires advancement in our methods to achieve confidence in mission success through test and evaluation (T&E). We define learning‐based systems as engineered systems that incorporate a learning algorithm (artificial intelligence) component of the overall system. A part of the unparalleled complexity is the rate at which learning‐based systems change over traditional engineered systems. Where traditional systems are expected to steadily decline (change) in performance due to time (aging), learning‐based systems undergo a constant change which must be better understood to achieve high confidence in mission success. To this end, we propose pairing Bayesian methods with systems theory to quantify changes in operational conditions, changes in adversarial actions, resultant changes in the learning‐based system structure, and resultant confidence measures in mission success. We provide insights, in this article, into our overall goal and progress toward developing a framework for evaluation through an understanding of equivalence of testing.
Modular Over‐the‐air Software Updates for Safety‐critical Real‐time Systems
Authors: Helms Domenik , Uven Patrick , Grüttner Kim 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTAutomotive software is undergoing a rapid change toward artificial intelligence and towards more and more connectedness with other systems. For both, an incremental design paradigm is desired, where the car's software is frequently updated after production but still can guarantee the highest automotive safety standards. We present a design flow and tool framework enabling a DevOps paradigm for automotive software development. DevOps means that software is developed in a continuous loop of development, deployment, usage in the field, collection of runtime data and feedback to the developers for the next design iteration. The software developers get support in defining, developing, and verifying new software functions based on the data gathered in the field by the previous software generation. The software developers can define contracts describing the time and resource assumptions on the integration environment and guarantees for other dependent software components in the system. These contracts allow a composition of software components and proof obligations to be discharged at design time through virtual integration testing and runtime through continuous monitoring of assumptions and guarantees on the software component's interfaces. An update package, consisting of the software component and its contracts, is then automatically created, transferred over the air, and deployed in the car. Monitors derived from the contracts allow for supervising the system's behavior, detecting failures at runtime, and annotating the situation to be included in a data collection, fueling the next design iteration.
Impacts of environmental sustainable performance reporting on the stock price crash risk and stock liquidity: The mediating role of predictability and comparability
Authors: Pahlavan Morteza , Anvary Rostamy Ali Asghar , Darabi Roya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNowadays, sustainability performance reporting plays an important role in corporates’ success. Since sustainability reporting improves the quality of disclosure and financial transparency, it is expected to have positive effects on stock prices and liquidity and reduce the crash and liquidity risk. This research investigates the impacts of environmentally sustainable performance reporting on the stock price crash and liquidity risks and the mediating role of earnings predictability and comparability using structural modeling equations. Using the systematic elimination sampling method, 147 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange were selected. The studied period was from 2011 to 2020 and PLS software was used for data analysis. The results show that environmental sustainability performance reporting enhances earnings comparability and mitigates the crash and liquidity risks. The findings also show that comparability has a mediating impact on the relationship between environmentally sustainable performance reporting with the crash and liquidity risk. Although the accuracy of forecasted earnings significantly reduces the crash and liquidity risks, however, we find no evidence for its mediating impact on the relationship between environmentally sustainable performance reporting with crash and liquidity risks.
The impact of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act on the integrity of financial reporting: Was it meritorious?
Authors: Bajra Ujkan Q. , Aliu Florin , Krasniqi Armand , Fejza Ejup 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study investigates whether compliance with the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) sections 302 (financial reporting) and 404 (internal controls) enhances both corporate governance and financial reporting integrity (FRI). It is focused on EU publicly traded companies that are cross‐listed in the US markets. Using a novel approach with respect to operationalization of the SOX, the empirical research integrated into this paper advances the understanding of financial reporting integrity for both practitioners and policymakers. The study argues that financial reporting integrity increased after SOX entered into force but, notably, we find that financial statement assertions improve with compliance with SOX302 but not with SOX404. Examination of the latter relationship at the subsection level also reveals that compliance with certain SOX requirements is not satisfactory.
Daikenchuto significantly improves stool consistency and lower gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with chronic constipation
Authors: Manabe Noriaki , Nakajima Atsushi , Odaka Takeo , Haruma Ken 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimA number of basic and clinical studies have confirmed that the traditional Japanese herbal medicine, Daikenchutou (DKT) has a pharmacological effect on cholinergic and serotonergic mechanisms with a favorable safety profile and an improving effect on lower gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms including abdominal pain or bloating. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DKT on chronic constipation.MethodsThis multicenter, randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blinded clinical trial enrolled 67 patients with chronic constipation fulfilling Rome III criteria. After a 2‐week observation period, 63 patients with persistent symptoms were finally randomized to a 4‐week course of treatment with DKT or placebo. The primary endpoint consisted of a global assessment of overall treatment effect (OTE), while the secondary endpoints consisted of improvements in stool consistency, spontaneous bowel movements, lower GI symptoms related to constipation, and quality of life. Factors associated with OTE were also investigated.ResultsAfter 4 weeks administration of DKT, OTE was significantly higher than placebo. No side effects were observed. Significant improvement in stool consistency and lower GI symptoms was observed in the DKT group. The improvements in lower GI symptoms as well as stool consistency were associated with OTE. OTE was higher in patients with greater improvement in lower GI symptoms with mental component summary scores close to normal before treatment.ConclusionDKT was effective and safe in treating chronic constipation, especially in patients having symptoms related to constipation with no impaired mental component summary score.
Red blood cell alloantibodies in paediatric transfusion in sub‐Saharan Africa: A new cohort and literature review
Authors: Gadji Macoura , Cobar Guéda , Thiongane Alioune , Senghor Alioune Badara , Seck Rose , Faye Blaise Félix , Seck Moussa , Guéye Youssou Bamar , Sy Diariétou , Sall Abibatou , Toure Awa Oumar , Diéye Tandakha Ndiaye , Diop Saliou 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlood transfusion support predisposes transfused children to the risk of erythrocyte alloimmunization in Sub‐Saharan Africa. A cohort of 100 children receiving one to five blood transfusions were recruited for screening and identification of irregular antibodies using gel filtration technique. The mean age was 8 years and the sex‐ratio at 1.2. The retrieved pathologies were: major sickle cell anaemia (46%), severe malaria (20%), haemolytic anaemia (4%), severe acute malnutrition (6%), acute gastroenteritis (5%), chronic infectious syndrome (12%) and congenital heart disease (7%). The children presented with haemoglobin levels ≤6 g/dl, and 16% of them presented positive irregular antibodies directed against the Rhesus (30.76%) and Kell (69.24%) blood group systems. A literature review shows that irregular antibody screenings vary from 17% to 30% of transfused paediatric patients in Sub‐Saharan Africa. These alloantibodies are in particular directed against the Rhesus, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and MNS blood group and generally found in sickle cell disease and malaria. This study highlights the urgent need of extended red blood cell phenotyping including typing for C/c, E/e, K/k, and Fya/Fyb, and if possible Jka/Jkb, M/N, and S/s for children before transfusion in Sub‐Saharan Africa.
A multiparameter optimization in middle‐down analysis of monoclonal antibodies by LC–MS/MS
Authors: Dhenin Jonathan , Dupré Mathieu , Druart Karen , Krick Alain , Mauriac Christine , Chamot‐Rooke Julia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn antibody‐based drug research, a complete characterization of antibody proteoforms covering both the amino acid sequence and all posttranslational modifications remains a major concern. The usual mass spectrometry‐based approach to achieve this goal is bottom‐up proteomics, which relies on the digestion of antibodies but does not allow the diversity of proteoforms to be assessed. Middle‐down and top‐down approaches have recently emerged as attractive alternatives but are not yet mastered and thus used in routine by many analytical chemistry laboratories. The work described here aims at providing guidelines to achieve the best sequence coverage for the fragmentation of intact light and heavy chains generated from a simple reduction of intact antibodies using Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Three parameters were found crucial to this aim: the use of an electron‐based activation technique, the multiplex selection of precursor ions of different charge states, and the combination of replicates.
Separation and identification of cetirizine enantiomers in human urine by capillary electrophoresis and circular dichroism independent of their standards
Authors: Chen Lixia , Tian Tingting , Yang Sen , Dong Yalei , Cui Hong , Li Xiangjun 
Published: February 2023

Enantioseparation and determination of chiral drugs are of vital importance in biochemical and pharmaceutical research due to the different biological activity, mechanism, and toxicity of individual enantiomers. As a second‐generation H(1)‐antagonist, cetirizine's pharmaceutical activity is mainly derived from the levocetirizine while the dextro‐enantiomer is ineffective and even associated with side effects. Herein, the enantiomers of cetirizine were separated by capillary electrophoresis and identified by electronic circular dichroism. Satisfactory linear relationship was found between the circular dichroism signal at λmax and the electrophoretic peak area difference in the nonracemic mixture of enantiomers. It made possible identification and quantification of cetirizine enantiomers independent of single enantiomer standards. The method's feasibility was demonstrated on the enantiomeric excess experiments of oral drugs measured in human blank urine. Additionally, the separation and determination of cetirizine in human urine after administration were also realized by capillary electrophoresis, indicating the method was sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic study.
Tracing basal resource use across sea‐ice, pelagic, and benthic habitats in the early Arctic spring food web with essential amino acid carbon isotopes
Authors: Vane Kim , Cobain Matthew R. D. , Trueman Clive N. , Vonnahme Tobias R. , Rokitta Sebastian , Polunin Nicholas V. C. , Flores Hauke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA rapidly warming Arctic Ocean and associated sea‐ice decline is resulting in changing sea‐ice protist communities, affecting productivity of under‐ice, pelagic, and benthic fauna. Quantifying such effects is hampered by a lack of biomarkers suitable for tracing specific basal resources (primary producers and microorganisms) through food webs. We investigate the potential of δ13C values of essential amino acids (EAAs) (δ13CEAA values) to estimate the proportional use of diverse basal resources by organisms from the under‐ice (Apherusa glacialis), pelagic (Calanus hyperboreus) and benthic habitats (sponges, sea cucumber), and the cryo‐pelagic fish Boreogadus saida. Two approaches were used: baseline δ13CEAA values, that is, the basal resource specific δ13CEAA values, and δ13CEAA fingerprints, or mean‐centred baseline δ13CEAA values. Substantial use of sub‐ice algae Melosira arctica by all studied organisms suggests that its role within Arctic food webs is greater than previously recognized. In addition, δ13CEAA fingerprints from algae‐associated bacteria were clearly traced to the sponges, with an individually variable kelp use by sea cucumbers. Although mean‐centred δ13CEAA values in A. glacialis, C. hyperboreus, and B. saida tissues were aligned with microalgae resources, they were not fully represented by the filtered pelagic‐ and sea‐ice particulate organic matter constituting the spring diatom‐dominated algal community. Under‐ice and pelagic microalgae use could only be differentiated with baseline δ13CEAA values as similar microalgae clades occur in both habitats. We suggest that δ13CEAA fingerprints combined with microalgae baseline δ13CEAA values are an insightful tool to assess the effect of ongoing changes in Arctic basal resources on their use by organisms.
Alkalinity contributes at least a third of annual gross primary production in a deep stratified hardwater lake
Authors: Perolo Pascal , Escoffier Nicolas , Chmiel Hannah E. , Many Gaël , Bouffard Damien , Perga Marie‐Elodie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn alkaline freshwater systems, the apparent absence of carbon limitation to gross primary production (GPP) at low CO2 concentrations suggests that bicarbonates can support GPP. However, the contribution of bicarbonates to GPP has never been quantified in lakes along the seasons. To detect the origin of the inorganic carbon maintaining GPP, we analyze the daily stoichiometric ratios of CO2–O2 and alkalinity–O2 in a deep hardwater lake. Results show that aquatic primary production withdraws bicarbonate from the alkalinity pool for two‐thirds of the year. Alkalinity rather than CO2 is the dominant inorganic carbon source for GPP throughout the stratified period in both the littoral and pelagic environments. This study sheds light on the neglected role of alkalinity in the freshwater carbon cycle throughout an annual cycle.
Poly(lactic acid) based Pearl Layer Moistureproof Membrane for Flexible Laminated Packaging
Authors: Ma Ying , Zhao Jingming , Wang Yanqing , Pang Bo , Wu Yumin , Gao Chuanhui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe development of bio‐based polymer materials, such as polylactic acid (PLA) ‐based polymers, is an effective strategy to reduce dependence on petrochemical‐based polymers. However, the preparation of bio‐based polymers with high barrier properties is a major challenge. To overcome this challenge, a nacreous layer structure with a ‘ brick and mud ’ pattern is mimicked to improve the overall performance of the material. In this paper, Poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and Polypropylene Glycol (PPG) was combined to prepare bio‐based polyurethane (PU‐PLLA), which is used as the slurry structure of nacreous layer. The bio‐based biomimetic composite membrane (PU‐PLLA/BN) is then obtained by adding boron nitride (BN, brick structure of pearl layer) to it. The water vapor permeability test results show that the permeability of PU‐PLLA material can be reduced by more than 50% by 5 wt.% BN, which is because the addition of BN can increase the length and tortuosity of the gas molecular diffusion path in the composite. Therefore, this pearl‐inspired PU‐PLLA/BN film has excellent moisture resistance, which opens up a broad road for the practical application of PLLA in flexible laminated packaging.