bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropomorphism-based causal and responsibility attributions to robots
Authors: Kawai Yuji , Miyake Tomohito , Park Jihoon , Shimaya Jiro , Takahashi Hideyuki , Asada Minoru 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeople tend to expect mental capabilities in a robot based on anthropomorphism and often attribute the cause and responsibility for a failure in human-robot interactions to the robot. This study investigated the relationship between mind perception, a psychological scale of anthropomorphism, and attribution of the cause and responsibility in human-robot interactions. Participants played a repeated noncooperative game with a human, robot, or computer agent, where their monetary rewards depended on the outcome. They completed questionnaires on mind perception regarding the agent and whether the participant’s own or the agent’s decisions resulted in the unexpectedly small reward. We extracted two factors of Experience (capacity to sense and feel) and Agency (capacity to plan and act) from the mind perception scores. Then, correlation and structural equation modeling (SEM) approaches were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that mind perception influenced attribution processes differently for each agent type. In the human condition, decreased Agency score during the game led to greater causal attribution to the human agent, consequently also increasing the degree of responsibility attribution to the human agent. In the robot condition, the post-game Agency score decreased the degree of causal attribution to the robot, and the post-game Experience score increased the degree of responsibility to the robot. These relationships were not observed in the computer condition. The study highlights the importance of considering mind perception in designing appropriate causal and responsibility attribution in human-robot interactions and developing socially acceptable robots.
Loss of Krüppel-like factor 9 deregulates both physiological gene expression and development
Authors: Drepanos Laura , Gans Ian M. , Grendler Janelle , Guitar Sophia , Fuqua J. Heath , Maki Nathaniel J. , Tilden Andrea R. , Graber Joel H. , Coffman James A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKrüppel-like factor 9 (Klf9) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that is a feedforward regulator of multiple stress-responsive and endocrine signaling pathways. We previously described how loss of Klf9 function affects the transcriptome of zebrafish larvae sampled at a single time point 5 days post-fertilization (dpf). However, klf9 expression oscillates diurnally, and the sampled time point corresponded to its expression nadir. To determine if the transcriptomic effects of the klf9−/− mutation vary with time of day, we performed bulk RNA-seq on 5 dpf zebrafish embryos sampled at three timepoints encompassing the predawn peak and midmorning nadir of klf9 expression. We found that while the major effects of the klf9−/− mutation that we reported previously are robust to time of day, the mutation has additional effects that manifest only at the predawn time point. We used a published single-cell atlas of zebrafish development to associate the effects of the klf9−/− mutation with different cell types and found that the mutation increased mRNA associated with digestive organs (liver, pancreas, and intestine) and decreased mRNA associated with differentiating neurons and blood. Measurements from confocally-imaged larvae suggest that overrepresentation of liver mRNA in klf9−/− mutants is due to development of enlarged livers.
A fingertip-type magnetic pulse detection device for unusual monitoring conditions
Authors: Shen Haoxuan , Gu Xiaoyi , Wu Yihong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWearable devices for continuous non-invasive monitoring of physiological signals are crucial for preventive care and management of chronic conditions. However, these devices are either sensitive to skin conditions or require external stimuli, such as light or electrical excitation, to penetrate the skin for pulse detection. This often results in large motion artifacts and unsuitability for certain skin conditions. Here we demonstrate a simple fingertip-type device which can detect clear pulse signals under a range of conditions, including fingers covered by opaque substances such as a plaster or nail polish, or fingers immersed in water. The structure of the device consists of a pair of magnets and a magnetic sensor. Both experimental and numerical results show that the detected pulsation signals correspond directly to the vibrations induced by blood circulation with negligible influence from modulated magnetic signature of blood. Therefore, this device could be used in conditions which are challenging for existing pulse detectors and might also have its application extended to blood pressure measurement.
What do cancer-specific CD8+ T cells see? The contribution of immunopeptidomics
Authors: Nicholas Ben , Skipp Paul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Immunopeptidomics is the survey of all peptides displayed on a cell or tissue when bound to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules using tandem mass spectrometry. When attempting to determine the targets of tumour-specific CD8+ T cells, a survey of the potential ligands in tumour tissues is invaluable, and, in comparison with in-silico predictions, provides greater certainty of the existence of individual epitopes, as immunopeptidomics-confirmed CD8+ T-cell epitopes are known to be immunogenic, and direct observation should avoid the risk of autoreactivity which could arise following immunisation with structural homologues. The canonical sources of CD8+ T-cell tumour specific epitopes, such as tumour associated antigens, may be well conserved between patients and tumour types, but are often only weakly immunogenic. Direct observation of tumour-specific neoantigens by immunopeptidomics is rare, although valuable. Thus, there has been increasing interest in the non-canonical origins of tumour-reactive CD8+ T-cell epitopes, such as those arising from proteasomal splicing events, translational/turnover defects and alternative open reading frame reads. Such epitopes can be identified in silico, although validation is more challenging. Non-self CD8+ T-cell epitopes such as viral epitopes may be useful in certain cancer types with known viral origins, however these have been relatively unexplored with immunopeptidomics to date, possibly due to the paucity of source viral proteins in tumour tissues. This review examines the latest evidence for canonical, non-canonical and non-human CD8+ T-cell epitopes identified by immunopeptidomics, and concludes that the relative contribution for each of these sources to anti-tumour CD8+ T-cell reactivity is currently uncertain.
Oxidoreductases and metal cofactors in the functioning of the earth
Authors: Hay Mele Bruno , Monticelli Maria , Leone Serena , Bastoni Deborah , Barosa Bernardo , Cascone Martina , Migliaccio Flavia , Montemagno Francesco , Ricciardelli Annarita , Tonietti Luca , Rotundi Alessandra , Cordone Angelina , Giovannelli Donato 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Life sustains itself using energy generated by thermodynamic disequilibria, commonly existing as redox disequilibria. Metals are significant players in controlling redox reactions, as they are essential components of the engine that life uses to tap into the thermodynamic disequilibria necessary for metabolism. The number of proteins that evolved to catalyze redox reactions is extraordinary, as is the diversification level of metal cofactors and catalytic domain structures involved. Notwithstanding the importance of the topic, the relationship between metals and the redox reactions they are involved in has been poorly explored. This work reviews the structure and function of different prokaryotic organometallic–protein complexes, highlighting their pivotal role in controlling biogeochemistry. We focus on a specific subset of metal-containing oxidoreductases (EC1 or EC7.1), which are directly involved in biogeochemical cycles, i.e., at least one substrate or product is a small inorganic molecule that is or can be exchanged with the environment. Based on these inclusion criteria, we select and report 59 metalloenzymes, describing the organometallic structure of their active sites, the redox reactions in which they are involved, and their biogeochemical roles.
Physical layer security of single‐input multiple‐out relay networks over Beaulieu‐Xie fading channels
Authors: Li Junxia , Ma Xuexue , Ye Faxin , Sun Jiangfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the progress of communication technology, the increasing wireless devices are hooked up the networks, and the consequent security problems cannot be ignored. At present, the solutions mainly include secret key system and physical layer security (PLS). However, secret key system that relies on highly complex algorithms for encryption and decryption still has the risk of being cracked by powerful computers. In this paper, the PLS of Beaulieu‐Xie fading channels is studied. To improve the transmission quality and support higher speed data transmission, the single‐input multiple‐out (SIMO) system considered is the Wyner eavesdropper model with decoding and forwarding (DF) relay over Beaulieu‐Xie fading. The closed‐form theoretical formulas for secure outage probability (SOP) and strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) are obtained by complex unified functional representation, which includes two cases: and . Moreover, the theoretical formulas are verified by Monte Carlo results. By comparing the simulation results with the theoretical analysis, the authors discussed the factors to improve the secure performance. Experiments show that the larger ratio of , the smaller ratio of , smaller signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of eavesdropping channels, smaller threshold and more legitimate antennas are beneficial to the improvement of anti‐interference capability for the relay networks with Beaulieu‐Xie distributions when the legal channel link R→D is in a state of high SNR.
Effects of Early Clozapine Treatment on Remission Rates in Acute
Schizophrenia (The EARLY Trial): Protocol of a Randomized-Controlled
Multicentric Trial
Authors: Wagner Elias , Strube Wolfgang , Görlitz Thomas , Aksar Aslihan , Bauer Ingrid , Campana Mattia , Moussiopoulou Joanna , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Wagner Petra , Egert-Schwender Silvia , Bittner Robert , Eckstein Kathrin , Nenadić Igor , Kircher Tilo , Langguth Berthold , Meisenzahl Eva , Lambert Martin , Neff Sigrid , Malchow Berend , Falkai Peter , Hirjak Dusan , Böttcher Kent-Tjorben , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Blankenstein Christiane , Leucht Stefan , Hasan Alkomiet 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Quick symptomatic remission after the onset of psychotic
symptoms is critical in schizophrenia treatment, determining the subsequent
disease course and recovery. In this context, only every second patient with
acute schizophrenia achieves symptomatic remission within three months of
initiating antipsychotic treatment. The potential indication extension of
clozapine—the most effective antipsychotic—to be introduced at
an earlier stage (before treatment-resistance) is supported by several lines of
evidence, but respective clinical trials are lacking.
Methods Two hundred-twenty patients with acute non-treatment-resistant
schizophrenia will be randomized in this double-blind, 8-week parallel-group
multicentric trial to either clozapine or olanzapine. The primary endpoint is
the number of patients in symptomatic remission at the end of week 8 according
to international consensus criteria (‘Andreasen criteria’).
Secondary endpoints and other assessments comprise a comprehensive safety
assessment (i. e., myocarditis screening), changes in psychopathology,
global functioning, cognition, affective symptoms and quality of life, and
patients’ and relatives’ views on treatment.
Discussion This multicentre trial aims to examine whether clozapine is
more effective than a highly effective second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs),
olanzapine, in acute schizophrenia patients who do not meet the criteria for
treatment-naïve or treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Increasing the
likelihood to achieve symptomatic remission in acute schizophrenia can improve
the overall outcome, reduce disease-associated burden and potentially prevent
mid- and long-term disease chronicity.
Lithium Therapy in Old Age: Recommendations from a Delphi
Survey
Authors: Christl Julia , Müller-Oerlinghausen Bruno , Bauer Michael , Kamp Daniel , Fußer Fabian , Benninghoff Jens , Fehrenbach Rosa A. , Lange-Asschenfeldt Christian , Rapp Michael , Ibach Bernd , Schaub Rainer , Wollmer Axel , Strotmann-Tack Timm , Hüll Michael , Biermann Susanne , Roscher Katharina , Meissnest Bernd , Menges Alexander , Weigel Bernd , Maliszewski-Makowka Dorothee , Mauerer Christian , Schaefer Martin , Joachimsmeier Beate , Kayser Sarah , Rump Lars Christian , Supprian Tillmann 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction While lithium (Li) has been well established for the
treatment of bipolar disorder, geriatric patients require special attention when
it comes to issues of drug safety. Declining renal function, amongst other
medical conditions, and polypharmacy may pose increased risks. Only a few
previous studies have addressed the management of Li in geriatric patients.
Methods Twenty-four German medical experts on geriatric medicine and Li
treatment participated in a Delphi survey, consisting of two rounds of
questionnaires and a final formulation of treatment recommendations. Three major
issues of Li therapy were outlined: initiation of treatment, monitoring of
ongoing therapy, and withdrawal due to medical reasons. Final recommendations
were consented to at a threshold of at least 80% expert agreement.
Results Final consensus was achieved on 21 clinical recommendations. The
approved recommendations covered aspects of necessary laboratory checks,
concomitant medication, and target Li serum concentration in geriatric patients.
Concerning the termination of Li therapy, an agreement was reached on the
appropriate time span for tapering and on potential alternatives to Li. No
consensus was achieved on whether concomitant dementia or frailty should be
considered contraindications for Li treatment and the appropriate threshold of
the estimated glomerular function rate for withdrawing Li.
Conclusion According to the view of German experts, Li may be used in
geriatric patients, but it should be monitored carefully. However, the lack of
consent in several specific treatment situations underlines the need for
research on specific issues of Li therapy.
Factors of Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Based on C-TIRADS Analysis
Authors: Huang Weijun , Chen Deli , Zhong Minying , Ye Jieyi , Zhi Zhiyuan , Xiao Yanyan , Zhong Yuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo study risk factors for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in papillary
thyroid cancer (PTC) using the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System
(C-TIRADS). We retrospectively analysed patients who underwent PTC surgery and
central lymph node dissection at First People’s Hospital of Foshan City.
The clinical and ultrasonic data of the patients from 1150 cases were analysed
by multivariate regression to evaluate the correlation between grayscale
ultrasound (US) features, C-TIRADS score, and the classification of thyroid
nodules and CLNM of PTCs. The C-TIRADS score was 3.0±1.0 in the CLNM
group, which was higher than that in the non-CLNM group (p<0.001). Sex
(male) (OR=1.586, 95% CI 1.232–2.042, p<0.001),
age (≤45 years) (OR=1.508, 95% CI 1.184–1.919,
p=0.001), location of nodes (lower pole) (OR=2.193, 95%
CI 1.519–3.166, p<0.001), number (multifocal) (OR=2.204,
95% CI 1.227–2.378, p<0.001), microcalcification
(OR=1.610, 95% CI 2.225–4.434, p=0.002),
extrathyroidal extension (OR=2.204, 95% CI 1.941–3.843,
p<0.001), maximum diameter of nodule (≥20 mm)
(OR=3.211, 95% CI 2.337–4.411, p<0.001), and
C-TIRADS score (OR=1.356, 95% CI 1.204–1.527,
p<0.001) were PTC in independent risk factors for CLNM. The C-TIRADS
score of PTC combined with the location, number, size, and ultrasound features
of the lesion and the patient’s sex and age are important in predicting
whether they present with CLNM and provide a reference basis for the clinical
formulation of a reasonable surgical treatment plan.
Neuroendoscopic Lavage and Third Ventriculostomy for the Treatment of Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Hydrocephalus in Neonates. A Prospective Study with 18 Months of Follow-Up
Authors: Islas-Aguilar Mario Alberto , Torrez-Corzo Jaime Gerardo Alberto , Chalita-Williams Juan Carlos , Cervantes Dominic Shelby , Vinas-Rios Juan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) may evolve into posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and cause neurodevelopmental impairment, becoming a common complication of premature infants, occurring in up to 40% of preterm infants weighing less than 1,500 g at birth. Around 10 to 15% of preterm infants develop severe (grades III–IV) IVH. These infants are at high risk of developing posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) is a suitable alternative for the management of this pathology. In this study, an endoscopic surgical approach directed toward the removal of intraventricular hematoma was evaluated for its safety and efficacy.
Methods Between August 2016 and December 2019 (29 months), 14 neonates with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus underwent NEL for removal of intraventricular blood by a single senior neurosurgeon. Complications such as reintervention and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement were evaluated prospectively with an 18-month follow-up on average.
Results In total, 14 neonates with IVH grades III and IV were prospectively recruited. Of these, six neonates did not need a VP shunt in the follow-up after neuroendoscopy (group 1), whereas eight neonates underwent a VP shunt placement (group 2). Nonsignificant difference between the groups was found concerning days after neuroendoscopy, clot extraction, third ventriculostomy, lamina terminalis fenestration, and septum pellucidum fenestration. In group 2, there was shunt dysfunction in five cases with shunt replacement in four cases.
Conclusion NEL is a feasible technique to remove intraventricular blood degradation products and residual hematoma in neonates suffering from posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. In our series, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) + NEL could be effective in avoiding hydrocephalus after hemorrhage (no control group studied). Furthermore, patients without the necessity of VP-shunt had a better GMFCS in comparison with shunted patients.
PEEK Cages versus Titanium-Coated PEEK Cages in Single-Level Anterior Cervical Fusion: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Schröder Johannes , Kampulz Thomas , Bajaj Sonunandita K. , Hellwig Arnd Georg , Winking Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background The implantation of a spacer is a common practice after anterior diskectomy in cervical spine. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cages have replaced titanium implants due to their better radiologic visibility and appearance in postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. However, PEEK showed apparently higher nonunion rates than titanium cages. The aim of the study was to evaluate the fusion behavior of plain PEEK cages in comparison to titanium-coated PEEK (TiPEEK) cages.
Method We randomized 104 patients with single-level cervical radiculopathy or mild myelopathy. They were divided into two groups of 52 patients each, receiving either a PEEK cage or the titanium-coated variant of the same cage type. The 1- and 2-year follow-ups were completed by 43 patients in the PEEK group and by 50 patients in the TiPEEK group. Fusion was determined by plain X-ray and lateral functional X-ray.
Results Two years after surgery, a complete fusion was observed in 37 patients of the PEEK group (86%). Six cases were considered as nonunions. In the TiPEEK group, we found 41 fusions (82%) and 9 nonunions at this time. The difference was not considered significant (p = 0.59). The clinical evaluation of the two groups showed no difference in the neurologic examination as well in the pain scores over the time period.
Conclusions Despite some assumptions about an advantage of TiPEEK over PEEK cages for fusion in cervical spine surgery, this prospective randomized controlled study did not find an accelerated or improved fusion using TiPEEK for anterior cervical diskectomy.
Postoperative Complications of True Dropless Cataract Surgery versus Standard Topical Drops
Authors: Wotipka Evan K. , Wright Alex J. , Fan James Z. , Fuhriman David , Chuang Alice Z. , Lindhorst Grace C. , Feldman Robert M. , Crowell Eric L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose Compare postoperative outcomes in cataract surgery between eyes with standard drop regimen versus dropless protocol by residents.
Design Retrospective cohort study between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2020.
Methods The study was performed at Lyndon B. Johnson General Hospital in Houston, Harris County, Texas. A total of 547 eyes (234 dropless vs. 313 standard) with phacoemulsification cataract surgery and minimum of 1-month follow-up with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were included. Dropless received 40 mg sub-Tenon's triamcinolone and intracameral moxifloxacin. Patients were followed at postoperative day 1 (POD1), week 1 (POW1), and month 1 (POM1). Postoperative rate of BCVA better than 20/40 (Good vision) and rate of complications were compared between groups.
Results Good vision on POM1 in dropless (77.8%) was noninferior to standard (75.1%, p = 0.80). Complication rate in dropless (28.6%) was noninferior to standard (24.0%, p = 0.13). Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation on POD1 (p = 0.041) and anterior chamber (AC) cells on POW1 and POM1 (p < 0.001) were more frequent in dropless. Mean spherical equivalent at POM1 was better in dropless (−0.37 D [±0.81 D]) compared with standard (−0.61D [±0.77 D], p = 0.001). Early posterior capsular opacification (early PCO) was more frequent in dropless (p = 0.042).
Conclusions Postoperative rate of BCVA better than 20/40 and rate of postoperative complications were noninferior, although dropless had higher rates of AC inflammation, IOP elevation, and early PCO.
Ischemic Stroke in Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Implications for Treatment
Authors: Costamagna Gianluca , Navi Babak B. , Beyeler Morin , Hottinger Andreas F. , Alberio Lorenzo , Michel Patrik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The underlying mechanisms linking cancer and stroke are not completely understood. Long-standing and more recent evidence suggests that cancer-associated prothrombotic states, along with treatment-related vascular toxicity, such as with chemotherapy and immunotherapy, contribute to an increased risk of ischemic stroke in cancer patients. Novel biomarkers, including coagulation, platelet and endothelial markers, cell-free DNA, and extracellular vesicles are being investigated for their potential to improve risk stratification and patient selection for clinical trials and to help guide personalized antithrombotic strategies. Treatment of cancer-related stroke poses unique challenges, including the need to balance the risk of recurrent stroke and other thromboembolic events with that of bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy. In addition, how and when to restart cancer treatment after stroke remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke in cancer, propose an etiological classification system unique to cancer-related stroke to help guide patient characterization, provide an overview of promising biomarkers and their clinical utility, and discuss the current state of evidence-based management strategies for cancer-related stroke. Ultimately, a personalized approach to stroke prevention and treatment is required in cancer patients, considering both the underlying cancer biology and the individual patient's risk profile.