bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trânsitos, utopias e subversões antropológicas
Authors: Varjão João Victtor Gomes , Gómez Mateus Diana Paola 
Published: July 2023

O primeiro número do volume 32 da Revista Cadernos de Campo, a revista de alunas, alunos e alunes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social da Universidade de São Paulo (PPGAS/USP), reúne um importante conjunto de produções antropológicas contemporâneas. Neste volume, apresentamos o dossiê Imagens Urbanas em Contextos Africanos organizado por Bruna Triana, Inácio Dias de Andrade e João Pedro Rangel Gomes da Silva (2023). Neste dossiê, os organizadores buscaram agregar trabalhos que reimaginassem práticas e representações imagéticas e urbanas do continente africano. Por meio da articulação entre dois campos principais - o visual e o urbano -, o objetivo foi o de reunir pesquisas que tensionem discursos, imaginários, representações, figurações e políticas sensoriais em torno de diferentes cidades africanas. Nesse sentido, como afirmam os organizadores na apresentação do dossiê (2023), buscou-se (re)imaginar e problematizar a vida social, a arte, a política e a cidade colonial e pós-colonial, bem como seus trânsitos, suas utopias e suas subversões, em dimensões práticas, políticas, estéticas e sensoriais. O dossiê reúne artigos, ensaios fotográficos e traduções.
Isoflurane Conditioning‐Induced Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Protection in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage—Role of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Authors: Liu Meizi , Jayaraman Keshav , Norris Aaron J. , Hussein Ahmed , Nelson James W. , Mehla Jogender , Diwan Deepti , Vellimana Ananth , Abu‐Amer Yousef , Zipfel Gregory J. , Athiraman Umeshkumar 
Published: July 2023

Background
Recent evidence implicates inflammation as a key driver in delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the known major mediators of inflammation. We previously showed that an inhalational anesthetic, isoflurane, provides strong protection against delayed cerebral ischemia after SAH. Our current study aims to define the role of iNOS in isoflurane conditioning‐induced protection against delayed cerebral ischemia in a mouse model of SAH.

Methods and Results

The experiments used 10‐ to 14‐week‐old male wild‐type (C57BL/6) and iNOS global knockout mice. Anesthetic conditioning was initiated 1 hour after SAH with isoflurane 2% for 1 hour. Isoflurane‐induced changes in iNOS expression were measured. N‐(3‐(aminomethyl) benzyl) acetamidine, a highly selective iNOS inhibitor, was injected intraperitoneally immediately after SAH and then daily. Vasospasm, microvessel thrombosis, and neurological assessment was performed. Data were analyzed by 1‐way ANOVA and 2‐way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Student Newman Keuls comparison test. Statistical significance was set at
P
<0.05. Isoflurane conditioning downregulated iNOS expression in naïve and SAH mice. N‐(3‐(aminomethyl) benzyl) acetamidine attenuated large artery vasospasm and microvessel thrombosis and improved neurological deficits in wild‐type animals. iNOS knockout mice were significantly resistant to vasospasm, microvessel thrombosis, and neurological deficits induced by SAH. Combining isoflurane with N‐(3‐(aminomethyl) benzyl) acetamidine did not offer extra protection, nor did treating iNOS knockout mice with isoflurane.

Conclusions
Isoflurane conditioning‐induced delayed cerebral ischemia protection appears to be mediated by downregulating iNOS. iNOS is a potential therapeutic target to improve outcomes after SAH.
The Optional Protocol to the icescr, Homelessness and Moral Hazard: The Alternative Adequate Housing Requirement in the cescr’s Jurisprudence – an Incentive Not to Pay for Housing?
Authors: Vols Michel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Over 75 per cent of the jurisprudence under the op-icescr deals with the right to housing as laid down in Article 11 of the icescr. States parties should provide adequate alternative housing after evictions. However, this far-reaching requirement may lead to moral hazard. The study presents a new understanding of the adverse effects of extensive protection, such as universal eviction protection, which may cause strategic defaults. The study suggests that a restrictive and reasonable interpretation of Article 11 icescr may reduce the incentive for defaults but may not prevent land-grabbing or squatting.
General comment No. 26 (2022) on Land and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Authors: _ _ 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Secure and equitable access to, use of and control over land can have direct and indirect implications for the enjoyment of a range of rights enshrined in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the Covenant or icescr). The present general comment is aimed at clarifying States’ obligations relating to the impact of access to, use of and control over land on the enjoyment of the rights enshrined in the Covenant, especially for the most disadvantaged and marginalized individuals and groups. Thus, it is aimed at clarifying the specific obligations contained in the Covenant that relate to land, particularly in the context of the rights enshrined in articles 1–3, 11, 12 and 15.
5. Having It All
Authors: Auspos Patricia 
Published: July 2023

Among these five couples, Lucy Sprague Mitchell (1878-1967) and Wesley Clair Mitchell (1874-1948) most successfully combined professional accomplishments with a fulfilling marriage and a rich family life. When they married in 1912, they left their jobs at the University of California at Berkeley, and moved to New York City, which offered more professional opportunities for Lucy. A brilliant teacher and gifted administrator, Lucy became a pioneering force in the progressive education movement. She founded and led the organization that became the celebrated Bank Street College of Education. Wesley, one of the foremost economists of his generation, helped to develop the science of national statistics and launched and directed the National Bureau of Economic Research. They had four children, two of whom were adopted.
Finding the right balance of marriage, work, and family involved much trial and error and frequent recalibration on both Lucy’s and Wesley’s part. Lucy did most of the childcare (with the help of many servants), but Wesley did more than most men of his era, and decided not to take one particular job because he felt it would take too great a toll on his family. Eager to show that wives and mothers can have careers when their husbands support their efforts and help to raise their children, Lucy published Two Lives, The Story of Wesley Clair Mitchell and Myself, in 1953, five years after Wesley’s death. Her message – as relevant today as it was in the 1950s – was that both wives and husbands need to adopt new behaviors to make such marriages work.
Determined to have careers, both Lucy and Beatrice rejected prevalent stereotypes of masculinity and romantic love and made calculated, “rational” choices about whom to marry. Like Beatrice, Lucy came from a privileged background, married a man outside her social class, and used her inherited wealth to support their lifestyle. Like Beatrice, it took her years to appreciate that the man she initially found too weak and passive was a tower of quiet strength and a model husband for an ambitious woman.
Like Sidney, Wesley supported his wife’s career with ongoing, ungrudging, unambiguous enthusiasm. As a result, neither Lucy nor Beatrice suffered the marital pressure – or the guilt – that made it so difficult for Alice and Grace to maintain their independent careers. Nor did they experience the intellectual and emotional isolation that undermined Elsie’s marriage. In the end, both Beatrice and Lucy felt richly rewarded for the unconventional choices they made.
Prevalence and correlates of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder among women aged 18-25 in Turkey
Authors: Turan Ayşenur , Güler Kaya İffet , Çakır Hilal Başak , Topaloğlu Seçil 
Published: July 2023

Objective Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are experienced in the luteal phase among women of reproductive age and are known to affect quality of life. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of PMS and PMDD in women aged 18‐25 in Turkey. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and May 2023, which recruited 1125 female college students. A personal information form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) were administered. Participants who met criteria for PMS during three consecutive menstrual cycles based on the ACOG and PMSS scores were diagnosed as having PMS. Participants who met the criteria for PMDD during three consecutive menstrual cycles based on the DSM-V were diagnosed as having PMDD. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine correlates of PMS and PMDD. Findings PMS was found in 49.2% and PMDD in 48.0% of the participants. Women having a blood group type B compared to those with blood group type A were more likely to have PMS (OR = 151.8, 95% CI = 54.5-422.6). In addition, women with PMS were less likely to be physically active based on the metabolic equivalent of task score (OR = 0.99, 95% CI= 0.98-0.99). Menstrual cycle duration was also longer among those with PMDD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI= 1.25-1.72), as was daily caffeine intake (OR = 1.01, 95% CI= 1.00-1.01). PMDD score was also found to be associated with major depressive disorder (OR = 1.06,95% = 1.05-1.07). Conclusions PMS and PMDD among young women in Turkey were associated with blood groups, MET scores, and other clinical characteristics that may help clinicians to identify these conditions.
The effects of community interventions on unplanned healthcare use in patients with multimorbidity: a systematic review
Authors: Wasan Tavleen , Hayhoe Benedict , Cicek Meryem , Lammila-Escalera Elena , Nicholls Dasha , Majeed Azeem , Greenfield Geva 
Published: July 2023

Objectives To summarise the impact of community-based interventions for multimorbid patients on unplanned healthcare use. The prevalence of multimorbidity (co-existence of multiple chronic conditions) is rapidly increasing and affects one-third of the global population. Patients with multimorbidity have complex healthcare needs and greater unplanned healthcare usage. Community-based interventions allow for continued care of patients outside hospitals, but few studies have explored the effects of these interventions on unplanned healthcare usage. Design A systematic review was conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO and Cochrane Library online databases were searched. Studies were screened and underwent risk of bias assessment. Data were synthesised using narrative synthesis. Setting Community-based interventions. Participants Patients with multimorbidity. Main outcome measures Unplanned healthcare usage. Results Thirteen studies, including a total of 6148 participants, were included. All included studies came from high-income settings and had elderly populations. All studies measured emergency department attendances as their primary outcome. Risk of bias was generally low. Most community interventions were multifaceted with emphasis on education, self-monitoring of symptoms and regular follow-ups. Four studies looked at improved care coordination, advance care planning and palliative care. All 13 studies found a decrease in emergency department visits post-intervention with risk reduction ranging from 0 (95% confidencec interval [CI]: –0.37 to 0.37) to 0.735 (95% CI: 0.688–0.785). Conclusions Community-based interventions have potential to reduce emergency department visits in patients with multimorbidity. Identification of specific successful components of interventions was challenging given the overlaps between interventions. Policymakers should recognise the importance of community interventions and aim to integrate aspects of these into existing healthcare structures. Future research should investigate the impact of such interventions with broader participant characteristics.
The association between intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass power and complications after cardiac surgery
Authors: Hui Victor , Ho Kwok M , Hahn Rebecca , Wright Brian , Larbalestier Robert , Pavey Warren 
Published: July 2023

Background Low cardiac power (product of flow and pressure) has been shown to be associated with mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction, but has not been studied in cardiac surgical patients. This study’s hypothesis was that cardiac power during cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac surgery would have a greater association with adverse events than either flow or MAP (mean arterial pressure) alone. Methods We undertook a retrospective observational study using patient data from February 2015 to March 2022 undergoing cardiac surgery at Fiona Stanley Hospital in Perth Australia. Excluded were patient age less than 18 years old, patients undergoing thoracic transplantation, ventricular assist devices, off pump cardiac surgery and aortic surgery. The primary outcome was a composite outcome of 30-days mortality, stroke or new-onset renal insufficiency. Results Overall, 1984 cardiac surgeries were included in the analysis. Neither duration nor area below thresholds tested for power, MAP or flow was associated with the primary composite outcome. However, we found that an area below MAP thresholds 35–50 mmHg was associated with new renal insufficiency (adjusted odds ratio 1.17 [95% CI 1.02 to 1.35] for patients spending 10 min at 10 mmHg below 50 mmHg MAP compared to those who did not). Conclusions This study suggests that MAP during cardiopulmonary bypass, but not power or flow, was an independent risk factor for adverse renal outcomes for cardiac surgical patients.
The Influence of Arthroscopic Shaver Mincing and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Chondrocytes of Intraoperatively Harvested Human Cartilage
Authors: Gebhardt Sebastian , Zimmerer Alexander , Balcarek Peter , Wassilew Georgi I. , Schoon Janosch 
Published: July 2023

Background: Minced cartilage implantation (MCI) has seen a renaissance in recent years. In this evolved technique, human articular cartilage is harvested with an arthroscopic shaver, augmented with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and implanted with autologous thrombin. This modified technique combines the possibility of cell-based surgical cartilage repair with a minimally invasive autologous 1-step procedure. However, evidence on cell survival and preserved function after shaver-based mincing and PRP supplementation is limited. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of arthroscopic shaver mincing and augmentation with PRP on human cartilage tissue. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Standardized samples were taken from 12 donors during autologous MCI. A comparison of cell outgrowth, cell viability, proliferation capacity, and ability to produce extracellular matrix–specific proteoglycans after chondrogenic redifferentiation was made between cartilage taken by curettage from the border of the cartilage defect, cartilage tissue minced by an arthroscopic shaver, and cartilage tissue minced by an arthroscopic shaver that was additionally augmented with autologous PRP. Results: There was no difference between all 3 groups in terms of cell outgrowth or proliferation capacity. Metabolic activity relative to the cell number of chondrocytes isolated from shaver-minced cartilage was higher compared with chondrocytes isolated from cartilage that was derived by curettage or shaver-minced cartilage that was augmented with PRP. After chondrogenic stimulation, the normalized proteoglycan content was higher in spheroids of cells derived from shaver-minced cartilage augmented with PRP than in spheroids of cells derived from curettage. A high correlation of cell outgrowth, proliferation capacity, and viability between isolated cells from all 3 groups taken from an individual donor was observed. Conclusion: Chondrocytes isolated from human cartilage tissue that was harvested and minced with an arthroscopic shaver remained viable and proliferative. The augmentation of shaver-minced cartilage with PRP led to the enhanced proteoglycan production of chondrogenic spheroids in vitro, pointing toward the development of a cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. This in vitro study yields promising results regarding the use of an arthroscopic shaver and augmentation with PRP in the context of MCI. Clinical Relevance: Knowledge that shaver mincing and augmentation with PRP are feasible for processing articular cartilage during MCI is highly relevant for surgical cartilage repair.
Intensification of Labor and the Rate and Form of Exploitation
Authors: Basu Deepankar , Haas Cameron , Moraitis Thanos 
Published: July 2023

Does the intensification of labor increase the rate of exploitation? Does it produce absolute surplus value or relative surplus value? This article develops a framework to answer these questions by incorporating intensity of labor in the widely used linear model of production, both in its one- and two-department forms. We show that (a) an intensification of labor always leads to an increase in the rate of exploitation, and (b) the increase in the rate of exploitation takes the form of the production of absolute surplus value in all realistic situations. We also highlight, in the case of any model with more than one industry or sector, an interesting difference in short- and long-run changes in the rate and form of surplus value. JEL Classification: B51, C02
Impact of recovered silicon particles incorporation on tribo-characteristics of a poly ether ether ketone polymer composite
Authors: Perumal Anbarasu , Kaliyamoorthy Rajkumar , Kumar Vishal 
Published: July 2023

The tribological behaviour of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) polymer filled with various concentrations of recovered silicon particles (0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt%) fabricated by the hot press technique was investigated in this research work. The hardness and wear properties of the prepared composite materials were evaluated through the Shore D hardness and the pin-on-disc methods. The Shore D hardness of the PEEK composite containing 10% silicon was about 95. This was due to the silicon's better dispersion influencing hardness enhancement. The current study found that adding 10% recycled silicon to PEEK decreased the rate of wear to 0.77*10−6 mm3/Nm and the coefficient of friction (COF) to 0.06. PEEK composites are filled with 10% silicon particles. Silicon particles were responsible for elevating wear resistance and anti-friction behaviour compared to pure virgin PEEK. The wear-behaviour of the PEEK/Silicon composite was greatly influenced by the formation of a transfer film, which avoids direct contact between countersurface steel asperities and the composite. The lubricity effect was obtained by incorporating silicon particles in the PEEK matrix as sliding surfaces with a steel counter surface that tend to form iron oxide and passive hydration mixed transfer films, decreasing COF and wear considerably. The tribofilm firmly adheres to the counter disc through the mechanical interlocking of silicon particles, enabling higher tribofilm bond strength.
Numerical investigation of H2/Air fueled micro combustion characteristics with trapezoidal ribs for micro thermophotovoltaic applications: Effect of rib height
Authors: Lachraf Abdelbasset , Si Ameur Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

In this numerical study, the impact of equidistant trapezoidal ribs on the characteristics of premixed H2-air micro-combustion was investigated, with a specific focus on the rib height. The study comprehensively examined flame structure, flame front position, flame speed, and combustion efficiency. A comparative analysis was performed between a backward-facing step micro combustor (MCSD) and micro combustors with varying rib heights: MCRD1 (0.5 mm), MCRD2 (0.6 mm), and MCRD3 (0.7 mm). The incorporation of trapezoidal ribs resulted in the creation of elongated and evenly distributed recirculation zones, significantly enhancing mixing and promoting flame stability, particularly at higher rib heights. The recirculation zones played a critical role in influencing the chemical reaction rate and the species distribution, leading to higher flame speed and greater combustion intensity. The findings highlight the outcomes of incorporating ribs in terms of combustion efficiency. The combustion efficiency values for MCRD1, MCRD2, and MCRD3 were recorded as 96.95%, 96.75%, and 96.61%, respectively, while the MCSD had a combustion efficiency of 97.14%. Hence, the recommended range of rib height is considered advantageous in ensuring an optimal balance between improved flame stabilization and maintaining a satisfactory level of combustion efficiency. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing micro-thermophotovoltaic systems.
Effect of Novel Placental Transfusion Technique—Gravity-Aided Cord Blood Transfusion at Birth on Hemoglobin Levels in Preterm Infants Born Less than 30 Weeks: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Raja Adusumilli Venkata Naga , Balakrishnan Umamaheswari , Amboiram Prakash , Abiramalatha Thangaraj 
Published: July 2023

Introduction Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is considered standard of practice in very preterm deliveries but could not be practiced in more than 50%, as they need resuscitation measures. We studied the effect of a novel technique of placental transfusion, gravity aided cord blood transfusion (GCT) in comparison to standard care in preterm <30 weeks of gestation on hemoglobin levels at 24 hours of life. Methods This randomized noninferiority trial was conducted in a tertiary care unit from September 2020 to June 2021 in South India. Preterm infants with gestational age (GA) <30 weeks were randomized to either GCT or standard care. GCT was performed by clamping the cord with maximal length immediately after birth, shifting the baby to radiant warmer and holding the whole length of the umbilical cord attached to the baby vertically upwards, allowing blood to drain by gravity while the steps of resuscitation were being performed simultaneously. Standard care was either DCC in vigorous babies and immediate cord clamping (ICC) in nonvigorous babies. Primary outcome was hemoglobin levels at 24 hours of birth. The study was terminated in view of slow recruitment due to covid pandemic. Results Twenty two babies were included. Nine babies were in the GCT group. The median (IQR) hemoglobin at 24 hours of life was 16.9 (16.3-18.9) in the GCT group and 16.4 (14.8-17.8) in standard care; the difference was not statistically significant ( P = .4). Higher hemoglobin at 24 hours of life was observed in GCT group with median (IQR) of 16.9 (16.3-18.9) compared to the ICC group with median (IQR) of 15.55 (14.5-17.1), though not statistically significant ( P = .095). Conclusion The novel placental transfusion strategy, namely GCT, is feasible in preterm neonates. Hemoglobin level at 24 hours was not significantly different between GCT and standard care groups. There is a need for large RCT to assess the effect of GCT on other important clinical outcomes in preterm neonates.