bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of straw retention and mineral fertilization on P speciation and P-transformation microorganisms in water- extractable colloids of a Vertisol
Authors: Bai Shanshan , Ge Yifei , Yao Dongtan , Wang Yifan , Tan Jinfang , Zhang Shuai , Peng Yutao , Jiang Xiaoqian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Water-extractable colloids (WECs) serve as crucial micro-particulate components in soils, playing a vital role in the cycling and potential bioavailability of soil phosphorus (P). Yet, the underlying information regarding soil P species and P-transformation microorganisms at the microparticle scale under long-term straw retention and mineral fertilization is barely known. Here, a fixed field experiment (∼ 13 years) in a Vertisol was performed to explore the impacts of straw retention and mineral fertilization on inorganic P, organic P, and P-transformation microorganisms in bulk soils and WECs through a sequential extraction procedure, P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and metagenomics analysis. In bulk soil, mineral fertilization led to increases in the levels of total P, available P, acid phosphatase (ACP), high-activity inorganic P fractions (Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P, and Fe-P), and organic P (orthophosphate monoesters and orthophosphate diesters) but significantly decreased the abundances of P-cycling genes including P mineralization, P-starvation response regulation, and P uptake and transport by decreasing soil pH and increasing total P. Straw retention had no significant effects on P species and P-transformation microorganisms in bulk soils but led to increases in organic carbon, total P, and available P concentrations in WECs. Furthermore, compared with mineral fertilization, straw retention caused significantly greater differences in the relative abundances of P-cycling genes between WECs and bulk soils. The abundances of phoD gene and phoD-harboring Proteobacteria in WECs increased significantly under straw retention, suggesting that the P-mineralizing capacity increased. Thus, mineral fertilization reduced microbial P-solubilizing and mineralizing capacity in bulk soil. Straw retention could potentially accelerate the turnover, mobility, and availability of P by increasing the nutrient contents and P-mineralizing capacity at the microscopic colloidal scale.
The right to be heard: towards a general principle of administrative law
Authors: Kuryndin P. A. 
Published: January 2025

The subject of the article is related to the analysis of Russian legislation formation of opportunities for an individual to be heard, reflected in judicial practice.Methods. This analysis is based on the right to be heard as a general principle of administrative law, taken from foreign legal orders through the comparative legal method. In addition, the article used formal-dogmatic, historical methods. Initially, the guarantee in question is of a judicial nature, that is, it appeared and was further clarified in judicial practice. The lead in substantiating the right to be heard belongs to the Anglo-American legal family, since there has always been a special emphasis on procedural aspects. Along with this, French administrative law was not an exception, where the opportunity to be heard was also introduced by the State Council, but enshrined much later in the Code on regulating relations between the population and the administration. It should also be noted that the presence of a legislative act does not prevent the development of judicial doctrines.The purpose of this observation is to study the possible role of Russian judicial practice in the development of the right to be heard as a general principle of administrative law. To do this, it is necessary to determine the historical background for the emergence of this right, the development features in various legal traditions, to identify the features of Russian judicial practice, correlating them with foreign doctrines and associated concepts (primarily, with the right of participation).Main results. In Russian law, the right to be heard is provided by some federal laws. However, this principle has not yet been reflected in any act of higher judicial authorities, which could affect the level of protection by consolidated uniform approaches. The court decisions of the cassation instances presented in the study, on the contrary, show he discrepancies and shortcomings of legal regulation in disputes with citizens and in economic affairs. In the latter case, the legislation is more detailed; the courts apply it more readily, siding with private individuals. Whereas, within the framework of a personal reception of citizens, restoring rights is much longer and more difficult, because the administrative bodies themselves create various obstacles.Conclusion. These problems can be overcome through the perception of comparative legal approaches in understanding the right to be heard as a general principle of administrative law. Indeed, a private person should be able to present his point of view and evidence, especially when it comes to interference with his freedom.
Education legislation in the context of socio-economic development and national security strategies
Authors: Grechkina O. V. , Dushakova L. A. , Shmaliy O. V. 
Published: January 2025

The subject of the study is the assessment of certain aspects of education legislation in the context of socio-economic development and national security strategies. Education is one of the most powerful long-term tools for socio-economic development and national security. This is due to the socio-cultural and information environment of involving government decision makers in a particular educational model. This situation calls for the formation of a regulatory framework in the field of education, which is combined with government policies. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the directions for improving the legislation on education from the point of view of establishing the formal and legal relationship of its individual provisions with state policies.Research methods: the authors use theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation as well as formal legal method. Results and conclusions. Legislation in the field of education does not form a clear formal and legal relationship with government policies. In this regard, education as an object of public administration and regulation needs conceptualization and system-forming strategic planning. These processes should include issues of education security as a socially significant good, socially significant service, and educational infrastructure. The system of principles of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education should be brought into line with the paradigms of strategic planning in the field of national security and socio-economic development. It is proposed to abandon the concept of "quality of education" in favor of the concept of "quality of educational activity" as more appropriate to the meaning and content of strategic planning acts. This will eliminate the need to substantiate the quality of education as a socially significant good and constitutional value, since in this case we are talking about the philosophy and axiology of education as a social phenomenon, and not about its quantitative and qualitative characteristics that can be measured. This approach will also make it possible to specify the goals and content of verification and evaluation activities in the field of education. It is advisable to differentiate the meanings of education. Education as a benefit should be positioned through the preamble to Federal Law No. 273- FZ dated December 29, 2012 "On Education in the Russian Federation", ensuring recognition of its social value and guarantee. It is necessary to substantiate the connection between education and enlightenment. The concept of enlightenment is immanent in education. At the same time, there remains the possibility of enlightenment activities outside the framework of educational programs, but not in opposition to education as a combination of training and upbringing.
Motivasi Berwirausaha Remaja Masjid
Authors: Hidayat Azli , Ayub Daeng , Jais Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

Munculnya motivasi ketika ingin melakukan sesuatu merupakan investasi utama dalam pengembangan diri, terutama motivasi memulai usaha. Motivasi merupakan suatu dorongan yang timbul dari keinginan seseorang untuk mengejar motivasi sebagai titik tolak tindakan yang akan membuahkan hasil yang diinginkan. Motivasi berwirausaha merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat penting untuk menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha pada masyarakat. Bagaimana motivasi berwirausaha generasi muda di Masjid Al-Muqorribin Desa Tarai Bangun, Kecamatan Tambang Kabupaten Kampar? Bagaimana kontribusi masing-masing indikator motivasi berusaha generasi muda di Masjid Al-Muqorribin Desa Tarai Bangun, kecamatan Tambang kabupaten Kampar? Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi statistik untuk penelitian ini adalah pemuda Masjid Al- Desa Tarai Bangun yang berjumlah 35 orang, dan sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 33 orang. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif diperoleh tingkat motivasi berwirausaha dengan rata-rata sebesar 3,83 yang berada pada definisi tinggi. Dan hasil analisis deskriptif pada masing-masing variabel sangat tinggi dengan rata-rata sebesar 3,83. Oleh karena itu, setiap gelar memberikan porsi yang kecil terhadap motivasi berwirausaha, hal ini terlihat dari besarnya bagian yang diberikan yaitu sebesar 14% hal ini bermakna bahwa masih terdapat indikator lain selain indikator dalam penelitian.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Pancasila Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Enok
Authors: Rohani Rohani , Hambali Hambali , Supentri Supentri 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality terhadap hasil belajar Pendidikan Pancasila siswa kelas XI Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Negeri 1 Enok. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif bersifat eksperimen dengan bentuk desain yang digunakan adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, angket, tes dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji normalitas, homogenitas, uji beda independent sample t-test dan uji N-Gain. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa, yang mana terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality dengan yang tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality. Perbedaan tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil uji beda independent sample t-test yang menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebelum perlakuan sebesar 54.21 dan setelah perlakuan sebesar 83.10. Berdasarkan Uji N persen media pembelajaran berbasis augmented reality cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Enok.
New Aspects of “The Case of Richard Sorge”. View From Modern Russia (2017–2022)
Authors: Kulanov A. E. , Sharova A. B. 
Published: January 2025

Due to the expiration of a number of previously classified materials related to the activities of the Soviet special services during the Second World War, and also due to the especially high public interest to “the case of Richard Sorge” within the last 5 years, a military historian and Doctor of Historical Sciences Mikhail A. Alekseev introduced a large number of previously unknown Russian- language documents on this case into scientific circulation. These documents are of exceptionally high interest to researchers. For example, it is the first time the published materials definitively answer questions on whether Sorge was a double agent, whether he reported to Moscow the exact date of the attack of Nazi Germany on the Soviet Union, and also what the real reason for the failure of the network of Soviet military intelligence in Japan in 1941 was. Soon after that, the authors of this article for the first time made a complete translation of the memoirs of Ishii Hanako, Sorge’s Japanese wife, which were analyzed in detail and commented on by the authors of the book Another Sorge. The Story of Ishii Hanako. The memoirs of Ishii Hanako give a chance to take a fresh look at Richard Sorge’s personality, his goals in studying Japan and his approaches to this issue, to form a more personal and, at the same time, objective picture of his character. Together with the case of the “Special Folder” of the Central Committee of the CPSU on perpetuating the memory of Richard Sorge, declassified in 2020, for the first time in history, these materials allow to fully estimate Ishii Hanako’s effort to preserve the memory of Sorge in Japan during the period from 1945 to 1964. By comparing the memoirs, the documents of the Soviet side, and by carrying out the research and analytical work, the authors have reached a new level of understanding of “the case of Richard Sorge”. In addition, a number of new materials devoted to the same case and revealing the level of awareness of not only the government and law enforcement agencies of this country, but also the emperor himself, as well as the division of powers of special services in the liquidation of Sorge’s intelligence network were published in Japan within the period of 2017–2022. However, for a number of reasons, in Russia, these documents remain poorly studied.
The 1945 Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation in the Light of New Sources
Authors: Zorikhin A. G. 
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the Manchurian strategic offensive operation of the Red Army against the Japanese troops in Northeast China in August 1945. Its relevance is due to the fact that, over the past decade, researchers have gained access to documents from Russian and Japanese archives that allow a detailed assessment of the nature of actions of both sides. At the initiative of the Imperial Supreme Headquarters, the main command of the Kwantung Army in September 1944 adopted a new operational plan of military operations against the USSR, which, unlike the previous ones, was defensive in nature.Upon detecting in March – April 1945 the movement of Soviet troops to the Far East, Transbaikalia, and the MPR, in May, the Kwantung Army began preparations to repel the expected offensive of the Red Army. The intelligence agencies of Japan were able to accurately determine the operational plan of the Soviet command to conduct the Manchurian offensive operation and the number of forces allocated to this, but they were wrong by a month with the timing of the likely offensive of the Red Army.Despite problems with supplying the troops with equipment, primarily with weapons and armored vehicles, the Kwantung army, due to the mobilization of Japanese reservists living in Manchuria and the replenishment of troops with units and formations from Northern China and Korea, faced the offensive of Soviet troops from three directions in an organized manner. During the fierce fighting, the Japanese troops maintained stable control and, adhering to the pre-war plan, retreated to the previously prepared defense lines. Until the top command of the Kwantung Army ordered its subordinate units to cease hostilities on August 16, 1945, the troops generally retained their combat capability. In this regard, further in-depth research of the strengths and weaknesses of the Manchurian strategic offensive operation is required to use its experience in military pedagogical and historiographical practice.
The Image of Russia in the Works by Fukuzawa Yukichi and his Contemporaries
Authors: Sharova A. B. 
Published: January 2025

The beginning of the Meiji period (1868–1912) was marked by the opening of the country and its integration into the architecture of the new world. In this regard, the role and importance of geography and, in general, of understanding what a particular country is like, has become extremely important. Writer, translator, and thinker Fukuzawa Yukichi (1835–1901) was one of the most outstanding representatives of the Meiji period. Realizing the urgent need to acquaint the reader with new European knowledge and achievements, he left a great literary heritage in almost every field of science, including geography. An important place in his work is occupied by such works on regional studies as Things Western (1866, 1868, 1870) and All the Countries of the World, for Children Written in Verse (1869), in which he tried to acquaint readers with geography and history, outstanding personalities and scientific achievements of other countries in a simple and understandable form.The signing of the Treaty of Shimoda (1855) established diplomatic relations between Russia and Japan. Japan showed interest in Russia, in its development in the 18th – 19th centuries. Fukuzawa reflected these trends in his works, presenting Russia as a country not completely modernized, but actively moving along the path of progress. He assigned an important role to the figure of Peter I, whose activities and personal qualities contributed to Russia’s significant domestic and foreign political successes. However, not all his contemporaries adhered to such assessments. For example, a future Minister of Culture of Japan, Mori Arinori (1847–1889), who visited Saint Petersburg at the age of eighteen, believed that the idea of Russia as a powerful state was greatly exaggerated. He expressed his views in the Diary of a Sea Trip to Russia.
Tachihara Michizō: Poetics of “Pure Lyricism” (Introduction and Translation of Poems)
Authors: Yasinskiy A. A. 
Published: January 2025

Tachihara Michizō (1914–1939) succeeded in refashioning the poetic language of the 1930s, inventing the genre of the “pseudo-sonnet,” which would prove to be the most convincing attempt to adapt the European sonnet to Japanese poetry. Tachihara was fascinated by German romanticism, in particular Friedrich Hölderlin, but he cannot be called a westernizer. Tachihara did not work in traditional Japanese poetic genres, but studied the anthology Shinkokinshū, which had a major influence on his stylistics.Tachihara’s poems seem to be detached from everyday life: with the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and the subsequent militarization of society, the themes of his poetry did not change. A close examination of his work reveals that the changes in society were also a concern to Tachihara, a sickly young man who was not subject to conscription. His poems are monotonous: they are either landscape sketches or love poems, the choice of vocabulary or themes varies little from collection to collection. His poetry’s attitude is not one of novelty, but of full disclosure of feeling/emotion/plot.A separate field of his work is architecture. He graduated from the Department of Architecture at Tokyo Imperial University, then he worked for two years as an architect. This article analyses the main motifs of his work, their stylistic and ideological origins. A translation of his major poetry collections, published during Tachihara’s lifetime, is annexed.
Japan in the 21st Century: An Economic Panorama. Review of the Textbook by I. L. Timonina The Economy of Japan
Authors: Lebedeva I. P. 
Published: January 2025

In the summer of 2023, the textbook The Economy of Japan, prepared by a famous Russian Japanese Studies scholar I. L. Timonina, was published. As the author herself notes, her goal was to write not just a textbook containing material on the Japanese economy, but a “navigator textbook,” which gives the reader the tools to study the modern Japanese economy.These tools are represented by references to scientific literature, as well as information and statistical sources, methodological materials that provide a methodology for calculating basic economic indicators, definitions of key terms and concepts, and theoretical approaches to the study of various economic processes. Students are encouraged to work independently by using “homework” – the sections “For those who want to learn more…” and “Assignment” are placed at the end of each chapter. Concise Summaries are also a kind of “navigator” that makes it easier for readers to “move” through the content-rich and sizeable textbook material.As for the content of the textbook, it reflects almost all the most important processes and phenomena of the modern Japanese economy, and, in general, it gives the reader a fairly complete idea of the scale and quality of Japan’s economic potential, the peculiarities of the organization of the country’s economic life, its positions in the world economy, etc. Obviously, writing the textbook The Economy of Japan required a lot of effort from the author. After all, to collect, process, structure, and logically present such a huge amount of material, while focusing on a strictly defined order of presentation is a task that requires not only high professionalism, but also great effort. But this was fully justified.The textbook prepared by I. L. Timonina is written at a level that allows to characterize it not only as a high-quality educational material, but also as a highly professional scientific work. There is no doubt that it will be in demand not only by students and teachers, but also by researchers studying the problems of modern economy.
Anime Industry: Traditional Culture and New Business Technologies
Authors: Timonina I. L. , Arimo M. M. E. 
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to one of the creative branches of the Japanese economy – the anime industry. The creative sector has become one of the promising and fast-growing segments of the global economy, including the economy of Japan. Anime, or Japanese animation, is a specific kind of animation that emerged in Japan as a unique product in the 1960s. Its distinctive visuals have turned anime into an authentic Japanese cultural phenomenon. In recent decades, the anime industry, like other creative businesses, has faced the need for significant transformation due to consequences of technological advancements and growing competition.There is a trend towards a drop in demand for animation products offered through traditional media, due to the rapid spread of high-speed Internet connection, which enabled consumers to quickly access content in excellent resolution without relying on physical media. Under these conditions, companies are changing their marketing strategies, in particular switching to the production and distribution of anime for online viewing.Streaming services have become one of the rapidly developing technologies for the anime distribution. There are several major national streaming services in Japan, which, despite being not very popular outside the country, have a wide audience at home.The transition of the anime business to the digital plane is inevitably associated with the complexity of copyright protection, since it has become possible to copy video materials without loss of quality and binding to physical media. At the same time, such unauthorized distribution serves as free advertising for the copyright holders, so the industry had been tolerant to this phenomenon until recently.The development of Japanese animation faces the problem of a shortage of animators. Due to growing demand in the 1970s, studios outsourced part of the work to reduce costs, which facilitated the creation of a multi-level subcontracting structure of the anime industry.Among the current trends in the development of the industry is the transition to a strategy of multiplatform exploitation of intellectual property – the so-called transmedia franchising, when many secondary works are created around the original intellectual product – an animated work.New technologies make it possible to make anime more accessible to wider audiences, but production structure and license management policies are not fully adapted to the new conditions, which creates new problems.