bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Temperature Range for Foliar Development of Neotropical Forest Species during the Seedling Stage: Implications for Biology and Ecology
Authors: Araújo Lais Mello , Martins Fabrina Bolzan , Lyra Gustavo Bastos , Junior José Carlos Arthur , Araújo Emanuel José Gomes , de Abreu Rodolfo Cesar Real , Abreu Marcel Carvalho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the cardinal temperatures for the foliar development of seedlings from four forest species native to Brazilian biomes: Handroanthus heptaphyllus, Tabebuia roseoalba, Ceiba speciosa, and Schinus terebinthifolia. An experiment was conducted with ten sowing times between December 2019 and April 2021. Seven methods were employed to estimate the inferior cardinal temperature, the phyllochron concept for the optimal temperature, and mathematical models for the superior temperature. The results indicated significant variations in the inferior cardinal temperatures among the four species, ranging from 9.8°C to 11.5°C, as well as distinct optimal temperatures ranging from 22.7°C to 25.7°C. Furthermore, disparities were observed between species and sowing times concerning the determination of the phyllochron, with Ceiba speciosa exhibiting an average phyllochron ranging from 75.6 to 246.2 ºday-1. These findings offer valuable insights into the biological and ecological aspects of native forest species and enhance our understanding of key parameters for modeling vegetal growth. However, the limited availability of species-specific information in the Brazilian biome raises concerns regarding the applicability of these models. In conclusion, this study successfully estimates the cardinal temperatures (inferior, optimal, and superior) for foliar development of four important forest species native to Brazilian biomes, thereby contributing to the knowledge base of forestry research.
Process evaluation of a tailored nudge intervention to promote appropriate care and treatment of older patients at the end-of-life
Authors: Bracci Ella L. , Barnett Adrian G. , Brown Christine , Callaway Leonie , Cardona Magnolia , Carter Hannah E. , Graves Nicholas , Hillman Kenneth , Lee Xing J. , McPhail Steven M. , White Ben P. , Willmott Lindy , Harvey Gillian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Non-beneficial treatment affects a considerable proportion of older people in hospital, and some will choose to decline invasive treatments when they are approaching the end of their life. The Intervention for Appropriate Care and Treatment (InterACT) study was a 12-month stepped wedge randomised controlled trial with an embedded process evaluation in three hospitals in Brisbane, Australia. The aim was to increase appropriate care and treatment decisions for older people at the end-of-life, through implementing a nudge intervention in the form of a prospective feedback loop. However, the trial results indicated that the expected practice change did not occur. The process evaluation aimed to assess implementation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, identify barriers and enablers to implementation and provide insights into the lack of effect of the InterACT intervention.Methods Qualitative data collection involved 38 semi-structured interviews with participating clinicians, members of the executive advisory groups overseeing the study at site level, clinical auditors, and project leads. Online interviews were conducted at two times: implementation onset and completion. Data were coded to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and deductively analysed.Results Overall, clinicians felt the premise and clinical reasoning behind InterACT were strong and could improve patient management. However, several prominent barriers affected implementation. These related to the potency of the nudge intervention and its integration into routine clinical practice, clinician beliefs and perceived self-efficacy, and wider contextual factors at the health system level.Conclusions An intervention designed to change clinical practice for patients at or near to end-of-life did not have the intended effect. Future interventions targeting this area of care should consider using multi-component strategies that address the identified barriers to implementation and clinician change of practice.Trial Registration Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12619000675123p (approved 6 May 2019).
Selective recovery of calcium from estuarine sediments of Raša Bay
Authors: Chakladar Saswati , Banerjee Riya , Ivošević Tatjana , Chakravarty Sanchita , Fiket Željka , Medunić Gordana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The historic mining of Raša coal on the Istrian Peninsula, Croatia for about quadricentennial, has left significant impacts on the soil chemistry in the surrounding areas. Geochemical examination of such soils commonly demonstrated notable leaching of hazardous trace metals into the soil, thus rendering them inappropriate for utilization. Interestingly, the abundance of calcium in the karstic soil of Croatia and its known versatile commercial application is noteworthy. Here, a thorough investigation was performed to delineate the occurrence and association of Ca in soils from Istrian peninsula along with its selective precipitation. Comprehensive mineralogical analysis using X-ray fluorescence and ICP-OES revealed the presence of Ca in noticeable quantity (~ 15 wt%) along with clay minerals (Si, Al, Fe) and alkaline metals (Na and K). Evaluation of the soil trace elements demonstrated the presence of both elements of environmental concern (Sr, Cr Zn and V) as well as of economic importance (Sc, Ga and Ge). The high concentration of Sr and Cr (~ 300 ppm) was considered to be an implication of intrusion of coal waste into the selected area. The presence of NaCl corroborated the intrusion of sea water into the soil sediment. The results obtained from the five step sequential leaching demonstrated Ca to be primarily present as dolomite mineral (CaMg(CO3)2). Optimization of the leaching parameters (temperature, acid concentration and duration of leaching) of Ca using HCl was performed, followed by its selective precipitation and calcination which resulted in isolation of CaO with 98.7% purity and 85% cumulative yield. Statistical correlations further confirmed the linear association of CaO and MgO (r = 0.8–0.9) as well as strong association of Sc with clay minerals (r > 0.8) and not Fe. To summarize, the present investigation demonstrated that extraction and selective precipitation of calcium from karst soils is feasible and can be potentially explored to utilize such which are otherwise considered waste.
Hs27 Fibroblast Response to Contact Guidance Cues
Authors: Kim Chunghwan , Robitaille Michael , Christodoulides Joseph A , Ng Yisha , Raphael Marc , Kang Wonmo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Contact guidance is the phenomena of how cells respond to the topography of their external environment. The morphological and dynamic cell responses are strongly influenced by topographic features such as lateral and vertical dimensions, namely, ridge and groove widths and groove depth (\({\text{R}}_{\text{w}}, {\text{G}}_{\text{w}}, \text{a}\text{n}\text{d} {\text{G}}_{\text{D}}\), respectively). However, experimental studies that independently quantify the effect of the individual dimensions as well as their coupling on cellular function are still limited. In this work, we perform extensive parametric studies in the dimensional space–well beyond the previously studied range in the literature–to explore topographical effects on morphology and migration of Hs27 fibroblasts via static and dynamic analyses of live cell images. Our static analysis reveals that the \({\text{G}}_{\text{D}}\) is most significant, followed by the \({\text{R}}_{\text{w}}\). The fibroblasts appear to be more elongated and aligned in the groove direction as the \({\text{G}}_{\text{D}}\) increases, but their trend changes after 725 nm. Interestingly, the cell shape and alignment show a very strong correlation regardless of \({\text{G}}_{\text{D}}\). Our dynamic analysis confirms that directional cell migration is also strongly influenced by the \({\text{G}}_{\text{D}}\), while the effect of the \({\text{R}}_{\text{w}}\) and \({\text{G}}_{\text{w}}\) is statistically insignificant. Directional cell migration, as observed in the static cell behavior, shows the statistically significant transition when the \({\text{G}}_{\text{D}}\) is 725 nm, showing the intimate links between cell morphology and migration. We propose possible scenarios to offer mechanistic explanations of the observed cell behavior.
A tool wear prediction and monitoring method based on machining power signals
Authors: Wang Qi , Chen Xi , An Qinglong , Chen Ming , Guo Hun , He Yafeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the actual mechanical processing of difficult-to-process materials, normal or abnormal tool wear can lead to processing pauses or terminations, which seriously affects the processing accuracy and efficiency of workpieces, leading to workpiece scrapping. Therefore, predicting and monitoring tool wear during the actual machining process plays a crucial role in controlling tool costs and avoiding workpiece losses caused by tool wear. This paper proposed a tool wear prediction model based on power signals, which predicts tool wear by establishing a mapping between power signals and tool wear. Through drilling experiments for model calibration and validation, verifying that the proposed model can effectively predict tool wear under different parameters. In addition, a tool wear monitoring method using power signals is proposed and implemented for real-time monitoring of tool wear during machining.
Combined Social Frailty and Life-Space Activities Associated with Risk of Disability: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Doi Takehiko , Tsutsumimoto Kota , Makino Keitaro , Nakakubo Sho , Sakimoto Fumio , Matsuda Soichiro , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To examine the association between social frailty and life-space activities and determine whether higher life-space activities decreased risk of disability among older adults with social frailty.
Design: A prospective cohort study.
Setting and Participants: Participants were 8,301 older adults (mean age 72.9 ± 5.6 years, women [53.3%]) from a community setting.
Methods: Life-space activities were evaluated using Active Mobility Index (AMI) to assess activities in each life-space (distance from the respondent’s home: up to 1 km, 1–10 km, or greater than 10 km) during the past 1 month. Activities were also assessed according to physical or social activity. Social frailty and characteristics were measured at baseline. Incident disability was assessed according to Long Term Care Insurance.
Results: Lower AMI scores (total score, physical score, social score) were associated with social frailty. During the follow-up (mean 23.5 months), 330 participants had incident disability. Incident disability was associated with social frailty. Combined status of social frailty and low AMI increased the risk of disability, which referred to non-frailty and higher AMI. Further, AMI impacted risk of disability in social frailty.
Conclusions and Implications: Social frailty or reduced activity in life-space assessment were identified as risk factors for incident disability. Increased activity was observed to modulate the risk of disability among older adults with social frailty. To decrease risk of disability, the development of an intervention program to enhance activities is required.
Multi pattern features based spoofing detection mechanism using one class learning
Authors: Ustubioglu Beste , Ulutas Guzin , Kilic Muhammed , Ustubioglu Arda , Tahaoglu Gul , Amerini Irene 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Automatic Speaker Verification systems are prone to various voice spoofing attacks such as replays, voice conversion (VC), speech synthesis, etc. Malicious users can perform specific tasks such as controlling the bank account of someone, taking the control of a smart home, and similar activities by using advanced audio manipulation techniques. This study presents a Multi-Pattern Features Based Spoofing detection mechanism using the modified ResNet architecture and OC-Softmax layer to detect various LA and PA spoofing attacks. We proposed a novel Pattern Features-based audio spoof detection scheme. The scheme contains three branches to evaluate different patterns on a Mel spectrogram of the audio file. This is the first work for the audio spoofing detection task using three different pattern representations of Mel spectrogram with modified ResNet architecture and OC-Softmax layer. Through the proposed network, we can extract pattern images from the Mel spectrogram and gives each of them into modified ResNet architecture. At the last step of each network, we use OC-Softmax to obtain a score for the current pattern image and then the method fuses three scores to label the input audio. Experimental results on the ASVspoof 2019 corpus show that the proposed method achieves better results in the challenges of ASVspoof 2019 than state-of-the-art methods. For example, in the logical access scenario, our model improves the tandem decision cost function and equal error rate scores by 0.06% and 2.14%, respectively, compared with state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, experiments illustrate that the proposed fused decision improved the performance of the system.
Synergistic Enhancement in Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of Graphene / MWCNT Reinforced Polyaryletherketone – Carbon Fiber Multiscale Composites: Experimental Studies and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Painkal Sarath Kumar , Balachandran Meera , Karingamanna Jayanarayanan , Srid Nagaarjun , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This investigation focuses on the synergistic performance improvement in graphene/MWCNT reinforced polyaryletherketone (PAEK) - carbon fabric (CF) multiscale composites. FTIR revealed the chemical interactions while HRTEM, XRD and 3D X-ray microscopy gave insight into nanofiller dispersion and microstructural features. The functional groups on nanofillers along with structural features integrated various components of the multiscale composites by formation of graphene/MWCNT/CF complex network that provided larger interfacial area, bridging effect and physico-chemical interaction with PAEK while restricting its segmental mobility. Multiscale composites displayed significantly improved strength, fracture toughness, interlaminar shear strength, glass transition temperature and tribological performance. Under dynamic load, graphene/MWCNT reinforcement of matrix and CF synergistically increases the storage modulus and energy absorption characteristics. Wear and fracture surface morphology of nano and multiscale composites showed ductile failure confirming interfacial adhesion. The failure behavior in experimental studies was supported by Abaqus/Explicit-based FEM models of fracture toughness response. This work provides a promising avenue to develop next generation high performance thermoplastic composites for structural applications.
Genetic control of root morphological plasticity in response to nitrogen across rapeseed diversity
Authors: Haelterman Loïc Lionel , Louvieaux Julien , Chiodi Claudia , Bouchet Anne-Sophie , Kupcsik László , Stahl Andreas , Snowdon Rod , Laperche Anne , Rousseau-Gueutin Mathieu , Nesi Nathalie , Hermans Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an oleaginous crop of great economic value but with considerable nitrogen requirement. Breeding for root systems efficiently taking up nitrogen from soil could be a lever to ensure genetic gains for producing rapeseed more sustainably. This study aims at identifying genomic regions regulating root morphology in response to nitrate availability. The natural variability offered by a set of 300 inbred lines was screened. Seedlings grew hydroponically with low or elevated nitrate levels. On average for the diversity panel, low nitrate level increased the root-to-shoot biomass ratio and stimulated the lateral root outgrowth. A large phenotypic variation was observed, along with important heritability values and genotypic effects, but poor genotype-by-nitrogen interactions. Genome-wide association study and bulk segregant analysis were employed to identify loci regulating traits of biomass production and root morphology. The first approach identified 1,305 SNPs, associated with 15 phenotypic traits. These SNPs clustered into 26 QTLs, with seven of them distributed on chromosome A07. Some 14 QTLs were stable across nitrate levels. The second approach was selecting segregant individuals from the tails of the phenotypic distribution of an experimental F2 population, deriving from two accessions with a contrasting lateral root development. Six genomic regions showed allele frequency differences between the two bulks above 0.15, including one significant QTL detected on A06. Some genes involved in root organogenesis coincided with QTL regions. This study provides selection targets for potentially redesigning root morphology in rapeseed.
Divergent Transition Pathways for Artificial Intelligence: A Longitudinal and Multi-Level Perspective Using Structural Topic Modeling
Authors: Dahlke Johannes , Ebersberger Bernd 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to constitute a general-purpose technology with diverse algorithmic specifications makes it challenging to assess its overall impact on existing socio-economic regimes. Leveraging the multi-level perspective, we seek to depict the trajectory of micro-, meso-, and macro-level forces and their interactions to characterize AI transition pathways in industry. We treat business and information systems literature as a proxy capturing business practices that relate to factors influencing AI transitions on all three different levels. Based on 10,036 publications over 25 years, we map the topic landscape of AI-related research, longitudinal patterns of topics, and structural changes of topic networks. The results indicate a strong and myopic focus on technological capabilities and efficiency rationales. Topic network structures indicate that transition pathways may diverge between a symbiotic and stabilizing transformation process and a more radical pathway of regime substitution. Based on these findings, we argue that sociotechnical transition pathways may not only occur in sequence, but simultaneously and ambiguously. This highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of convergent and divergent transition pathways for emerging digital general-purpose technology that do not tend to settle on one dominant design. We propose to leverage paradox theory to reconcile these tensions.JEL: M000, O310, O320, 033
Peanut LEAFY COTYLEDON1-type genes participate in regulating the embryo development and accumulation of the storage lipids
Authors: Tang Guiying , Xu Pingli , Jiang Chunyu , Li Guowei , Shan Lei , Wan Shubo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) belongs to a member of nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factors, which has been identified as a key regulator of embryo development. In present study, two LEC1-type genes from Arachis hypogeae were identified and designated as AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10 which belong to subgenome A and subgenome B, respectively. The functions of AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10 were investigated by complementary analysis of their defective phenotypes in Arabidopsis lec1-2 mutant and their ectopic expressions in wild-type Arabidopsis. The results indicated that both AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10 take part in regulating embryogenesis, embryo development, and reserves deposition in cotyledon, and they have partial function redundancy. A bit differently, AhNF-YB10 could complement almost all defective phenotypes of lec1-2, in the embryonic morphology and the length of hypocotyl, while AhNF-YB1 only in part. And 30%-40% seeds of the AhNF-YB1 transformants showed the decreasing germination ratio and longevity. Therefore, the appropriate spatio-tempoeal expression of these genes is necessary for embryo morphogenesis at early development stage and is responsible for seeds maturation at mid-late development stage. On the other hand, overexpression of AhNF-YB1 or AhNF-YB10 at the middle to late stages of seed development in Arabidopsis could improve the weight, the oil content, and fatty acid component of transgenic seeds. In the meanwhile, the expression levels of some genes associated with fatty acid synthesis and embryogenesis in developing AhNF-YB10-overexpression seeds were significantly enhanced. This study will provide the theoratic basis for oilseed crops breeding of high yields and high oil content.
Coherently excited nonlocal quantum features using polarization-frequency correlation between quantum erasers
Authors: Ham Byoung 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Photon indistinguishability is an essential concept to understanding “mysterious” quantum features from the viewpoint of the wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics. The physics of indistinguishability lies in the manipulation of quantum superposition between orthonormal bases of a single photon such as in a quantum eraser. Here, a pure coherence approach is applied for the nonlocal correlation based on the polarization-frequency correlation of Poisson-distributed coherent photon pairs to investigate the role of quantum measurements. For this, a gated heterodyne-detection technique is adopted for coincidence measurements between space-like separated delayed-choice quantum erasers, resulting in an inseparable basis product between them. Thus, the mysterious quantum correlation is coherently understood via a tensor-product modification for the second-order quantum superposition. Finally, the Bell inequality violation is numerically confirmed for the derived coherence solutions of the nonlocal correlation.