bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy optimal control of multilayer coverage based on radon exhalation dynamics in uranium tailings
Authors: Zhang Meirong , Dai Jianyong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRadon exhalation from uranium tailings has seriously affected environmental safety and human health. Many uncertain parameters, such as diffusion coefficient, porosity, percolation rate, material particle size, etc., are related to the diffusion and migration of radon. Moreover, cover materials, cover layers, and cover thickness are the main instruments to control radon exhalation, and the radon reduction effect of single-layer mulching is often inferior to that of the multilayer. Hence, achieving radon control with multilayer coverage under uncertain environment is an urgent problem that must be solved in the area of nuclear safety and radiation environment. In an attempt to address the issue, a dynamic model of radon exhalation with multilayer coverage is constructed using radon percolation-diffusion migration equation, and triangular membership functions inscribe the model parameters; the objective functions of the left and right equations of the model are constructed, and their extreme value intervals are obtained using immunogenetic algorithm. Then, subject to the total cost and thickness of multilayer covering materials, the fuzzy objective and constraint models of radon exhalation are constructed, and the fuzzy aggregation function is reconstructed according to the importance of the fuzzy objective and constraint models, where ultimately, the optimal radon control decision by swarm intelligence algorithm under different possibility levels and importance conditions can be obtained. An example is then used to validate the effectiveness of the radon exhalation model, and to demonstrate that fuzzy optimization provides a database of decision-making schemes regarding multilayer coverage, and guidance for optimal control and flexible construction management.
Kinin B1 and B2 receptors mediate cancer pain associated with both the tumor and oncology therapy using aromatase inhibitors
Authors: Brusco Indiara , Becker Gabriela , Palma Tais Vidal , Pillat Micheli Mainardi , Scussel Rahisa , Steiner Bethina Trevisol , Sampaio Tuane Bazanella , Ardisson-Araújo Daniel Mendes Pereira , de Andrade Cinthia Melazzo , Oliveira Mauro Schneider , Machado-De-Avila Ricardo Andrez , Oliveira Sara Marchesan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPain caused by the tumor or aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is a disabling symptom in breast cancer survivors. Their mechanisms are unclear, but pro-algesic and inflammatory mediators seem to be involved. Kinins are endogenous algogenic mediators associated with various painful conditions via B1 and B2 receptor activation, including chemotherapy-induced pain and breast cancer proliferation. We investigate the involvement of the kinin B1 and B2 receptors in metastatic breast tumor (4T1 breast cancer cells)-caused pain and in aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole or letrozole) therapy-associated pain. A protocol associating the tumor and antineoplastic therapy was also performed. Kinin receptors’ role was investigated via pharmacological antagonism, receptors protein expression, and kinin levels. Mechanical and cold allodynia and muscle strength were evaluated. AIs and breast tumor increased kinin receptors expression, and tumor also increased kinin levels. AIs caused mechanical allodynia and reduced the muscle strength of mice. Kinin B1 (DALBk) and B2 (Icatibant) receptor antagonists attenuated these effects and reduced breast tumor-induced mechanical and cold allodynia. AIs or paclitaxel enhanced breast tumor-induced mechanical hypersensitivity, while DALBk and Icatibant prevented this increase. Antagonists did not interfere with paclitaxel's cytotoxic action in vitro. Thus, kinin B1 or B2 receptors can be a potential target for treating the pain caused by metastatic breast tumor and their antineoplastic therapy.
Improved GNSS integer ambiguity resolution method based on the column oriented Cholesky decomposition
Authors: Jiao Yingxiang , Li Kezhao , Tian Chendong , Zhu Guoku , Yue Zhe , Xu Keke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBecause the traditional Cholesky decomposition algorithm still has some problems such as computational complexity and scattered structure among matrices when solving the GNSS ambiguity, it is the key problem to further improve the computational efficiency of the least squares ambiguity reduction correlation process in the carrier phase integer ambiguity solution. But the traditional matrix decomposition calculation is more complex and time-consuming, to improve the efficiency of the matrix decomposition, in this paper, the decomposition process of traditional matrix elements is divided into two steps: multiplication update and column reduction of square root calculation. The column reduction step is used to perform square root calculation and column division calculation, while the update step is used for the update task of multiplication. Based on the above ideas, the existing Cholesky decomposition algorithm is improved, and a column oriented Cholesky (C-Cholesky) algorithm is proposed to further improve the efficiency of matrix decomposition, so as to shorten the calculation time of integer ambiguity reduction correlation. The results show that this method is effective and superior, and can improve the data processing efficiency by about 12.34% on average without changing the integer ambiguity accuracy of the traditional Cholesky algorithm.
Mechanism of ferroptosis in a rat model of premature ovarian insufficiency induced by cisplatin
Authors: Du Rong , Cheng Xi , Ji Jingjing , Lu Yang , Xie Yuanyuan , Wang Weina , Xu Yanhua , Zhang Yuquan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is widely present in fibrosis-related diseases. The basic pathology of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) involves ovarian tissue fibrosis, and there are currently fewer relevant studies addressing the association between ferroptosis and POI. This study aimed to demonstrate that ferroptosis induced by cisplatin (CDDP) caused ovarian tissue fibrosis, leading to POI. Vitamin E (VE), a ferroptosis inhibitor, could repair damaged ovarian function. CDDP was used to establish a rat model of POI, and VE was administered to reverse the reproductive toxicity of CDDP. Ovarian function was assessed by histological section staining, follicle counts, sex hormone levels, as well as fertility assays. The extent of ferroptosis was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), malondialdehyde (MDA), Perls staining. CCK-8, Ethynyl-2-Deoxyuridine (EdU), and scratch assays were used to determine the effect of CDDP and VE on ovarian granulosa cell (GC) viability. Western blot, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate ferroptosis-related molecular changes. Our results showed that CDDP caused follicle development disorders and ovarian tissue fibrosis, the levels of sex hormones suggested impaired ovarian function, and VE could reverse the reproductive toxicity of CDDP. The results of TEM, MDA and Perls staining suggested that the typical mitochondrial signature of ferroptosis was altered in ovarian GCs from the CDDP group, with significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation and significant iron deposition in ovarian tissue, whereas VE mitigated the extent of ferroptosis. Molecular experiments then confirmed that the ferroptosis-related molecules acetyl CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSl4), 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were differentially expressed in each group. In summary, our study preliminarily demonstrated that CDDP may promote GCs to undergo ferroptosis, cause follicle development disorders, ovarian tissue fibrosis, and induce POI by regulating the expression of ACSl4, ALOX15, SLC7A11, and GPX4, while VE improved impaired ovarian function.
Primary cilia control cellular patterning of Meibomian glands during morphogenesis but not lipid composition
Authors: Portal Céline , Lin Yvonne , Rastogi Varuni , Peterson Cornelia , Yiu Samuel Chi-Hung , Foster James W. , Wilkerson Amber , Butovich Igor A. , Iomini Carlo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMeibomian glands (MGs) are modified sebaceous glands producing the tear film’s lipids. Despite their critical role in maintaining clear vision, the mechanisms underlying MG morphogenesis in development and disease remain obscure. Cilia-mediate signals are critical for the development of skin adnexa, including sebaceous glands. Thus, we investigated the role of cilia in MG morphogenesis during development. Most cells were ciliated during early MG development, followed by cilia disassembly during differentiation. In mature glands, ciliated cells were primarily restricted to the basal layer of the proximal gland central duct. Cilia ablation in keratine14-expressing tissue disrupted the accumulation of proliferative cells at the distal tip but did not affect the overall rate of proliferation or apoptosis. Moreover, impaired cellular patterning during elongation resulted in hypertrophy of mature MGs with increased meibum volume without altering its lipid composition. Thus, cilia signaling networks provide a new platform to design therapeutic treatments for MG dysfunction.
Evolutionary roots of the risk of hip fracture in humans
Authors: Avni Hadas Leah , Shvalb Nir , Pokhojaev Ariel , Francis Samuel , Pelleg-Kallevag Ruth , Roul Victoria , Hublin Jean-Jacques , Rühli Frank , May Hila 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe transition to bipedal locomotion was a fundamental milestone in human evolution. Consequently, the human skeleton underwent substantial morphological adaptations. These adaptations are responsible for many of today’s common physical impairments, including hip fractures. This study aims to reveal the morphological changes in the proximal femur, which increase the risk of intracapsular hip fractures in present-day populations. Our sample includes chimpanzees, early hominins, early Homo Neanderthals, as well as prehistoric and recent humans. Using Geometric Morphometric methods, we demonstrate differences in the proximal femur shape between hominids and populations that practiced different lifestyles. We show that the proximal femur morphology is a risk factor for intracapsular hip fracture independent of osteoporosis. Changes in the proximal femur, such as the shortening of the femoral neck and an increased anterolateral expansion of the greater trochanter, are associated with an increased risk for intracapsular hip fractures. We conclude that intracapsular hip fractures are a trade-off for efficient bipedal walking in humans, and their risk is exacerbated by reduced physical activity.
Opposite effects of positive and negative symptoms on resting-state brain networks in schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Xinrui , Chang Zhao , Wang Rong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia is a severe psychotic disorder characterized by positive and negative symptoms, but their neural bases remain poorly understood. Here, we utilized a nested-spectral partition (NSP) approach to detect hierarchical modules in resting-state brain functional networks in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, and we studied dynamic transitions of segregation and integration as well as their relationships with clinical symptoms. Schizophrenia brains showed a more stable integrating process and a more variable segregating process, thus maintaining higher segregation, especially in the limbic system. Hallucinations were associated with higher integration in attention systems, and avolition was related to a more variable segregating process in default-mode network (DMN) and control systems. In a machine-learning model, NSP-based features outperformed graph measures at predicting positive and negative symptoms. Multivariate analysis confirmed that positive and negative symptoms had opposite effects on dynamic segregation and integration of brain networks. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the effect of negative symptoms was related to autistic, aggressive and violent behavior; the effect of positive symptoms was associated with hyperammonemia and acidosis; and the interaction effect was correlated with abnormal motor function. Our findings could contribute to the development of more accurate diagnostic criteria for positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
DIAPH1 mediates progression of atherosclerosis and regulates hepatic lipid metabolism in mice
Authors: Senatus Laura , Egaña-Gorroño Lander , López-Díez Raquel , Bergaya Sonia , Aranda Juan Francisco , Amengual Jaume , Arivazhagan Lakshmi , Manigrasso Michaele B. , Yepuri Gautham , Nimma Ramesh , Mangar Kaamashri N. , Bernadin Rollanda , Zhou Boyan , Gugger Paul F. , Li Huilin , Friedman Richard A. , Theise Neil D. , Shekhtman Alexander , Fisher Edward A. , Ramasamy Ravichandran , Schmidt Ann Marie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis evolves through dysregulated lipid metabolism interwoven with exaggerated inflammation. Previous work implicating the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in atherosclerosis prompted us to explore if Diaphanous 1 (DIAPH1), which binds to the RAGE cytoplasmic domain and is important for RAGE signaling, contributes to these processes. We intercrossed atherosclerosis-prone Ldlr−/− mice with mice devoid of Diaph1 and fed them Western diet for 16 weeks. Compared to male Ldlr−/− mice, male Ldlr−/−Diaph1−/− mice displayed significantly less atherosclerosis, in parallel with lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. Female Ldlr−/−Diaph1−/− mice displayed significantly less atherosclerosis compared to Ldlr−/− mice and demonstrated lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol, but not plasma triglycerides. Deletion of Diaph1 attenuated expression of genes regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, Acaca, Acacb, Gpat2, Lpin1, Lpin2 and Fasn, without effect on mRNA expression of upstream transcription factors Srebf1, Srebf2 or Mxlipl in male mice. We traced DIAPH1-dependent mechanisms to nuclear translocation of SREBP1 in a manner independent of carbohydrate- or insulin-regulated cues but, at least in part, through the actin cytoskeleton. This work unveils new regulators of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism through DIAPH1.
Soil carbon sequestration benefits of active versus natural restoration vary with initial carbon content and soil layer
Authors: Tian Dashuan , Xiang Yangzhou , Seabloom Eric , Wang Jinsong , Jia Xiaoxu , Li Tingting , Li Zhaolei , Yang Jian , Guo Hongbo , Niu Shuli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReducing terrestrial carbon emissions is a big challenge for human societies. Ecosystem restoration is predominant to reverse land degradation and carbon loss. Though active restoration of croplands is assumed to increase carbon sequestration more than natural regeneration, it still lacks the robust paired comparisons between them. Here we performed a large-scale paired comparison of active versus natural restoration effects on soil carbon sequestration across China. We found that two restoration strategies consistently enhanced soil carbon relative to croplands, however, the benefits of active restoration versus natural regeneration were highly context-dependent. Active restoration only sequestered more carbon in carbon-poor soils but less carbon in carbon-rich soils than natural regeneration. Moreover, active restoration fixed greater carbon in topsoil but less carbon in subsoil. Overall, these findings highlight landscape context-dependent application of active restoration and natural regeneration, further guiding the efficient management of limited resources to maximize the restoration benefits of carbon sequestration.
MMDA: Multi‐person marginal distribution awareness for monocular 3D pose estimation
Authors: Liu Sheng , Shuai Jianghai , Li Yang , Du Sidan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMost existing 3D pose representations cannot completely decouple the overlapping two or more human joints of the same type. In this paper, the authors propose a novel 2.5 D representation of the human pose by projecting human joints in 3D space onto the three orthogonal planes. The authors apply for the first time the permutation module to a multi‐person 3D human pose estimation task and use Geometric Constraints Loss (GCL) to guide the learning of the model. The authors overcome the negative effects of the inductive bias of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by aligning the intermediate feature space with the output feature space. The effectiveness of the authors’ approach is validated on the carnegie mellon university (CMU) panoptic dataset and MuPoTS‐3D dataset. The authors’ proposed representations can effectively decouple the human joints in their selected data from overlapping human joints.
Étude du renforcement par géosynthétiques de plateformes granulaires sur des sols de faible portance
Authors: Khouiery Nicole , Briancon Laurent , Daouadji Ali , Riot Mathilde 
Published: March 2023

Les géosynthétiques sont utilisés depuis de nombreuses années pour renforcer des plateformes granulaires reposant sur des sols de faible portance dans des applications de routes non revêtues. La complexité des mécanismes mis en jeu dans la plateforme renforcée soumise à des sollicitations de circulation et la diversité des produits de renforcement proposés, nécessitent de nouvelles études pour mieux appréhender leur comportement et proposer des méthodes de dimensionnement. Une nouvelle étude a été engagée dans le cadre du LabCom PITAGOR au sein du laboratoire GEOMAS de l’INSA de Lyon. Un essai a été développé et consiste à tester, au laboratoire, les plateformes routières non revêtues renforcées ou non par géosynthétique à grande échelle. Un protocole de mise en place des couches de sol a été élaboré pour obtenir le même état initial avant réalisation de chaque essai. La plateforme préparée est soumise à deux types de chargement : (i) un chargement cyclique sur plaque et (ii) un chargement cyclique de circulation en utilisant le SAT (Simulateur Accélérateur de Traffic), développé spécialement dans le cadre de ce projet. Les premiers essais réalisés ont permis de valider l’efficacité des géosynthétiques testés – de montrer qu’à partir d’une certaine épaisseur de plateforme l’influence du géosynthétique placé à l’interface devenait négligeable –, d’évaluer l’influence du type de sollicitations sur l’endommagement de la plateforme, et de mieux comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu selon la nature du géosynthétique employé.
Does Periacetabular Osteotomy Improve Patient-Reported Psychological Outcomes in Patients Suffering from Acetabular Dysplasia?
Authors: Everett Brandon , Xi Yin , Wells Joel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe changes in psychologic measures and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing following periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) are not well studied. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by addressing the question: Do patients with acetabular dysplasia have significant improvement in psychological outcome scores after PAO? We reviewed 52 hips (48 patients) treated with PAO for acetabular dysplasia from February 2017 to July 2020 using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS21), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), radiographic analysis, and pain location/severity questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and a mixed effects model were used to test the difference in patient-reported outcome measures from before and after surgery with adjustment for age, body mass index, follow-up duration, previous hip surgery, and concurrent surgery while also accounting for clustered data. There was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative outcome scores for all three measures used in this study (DASS21 p = 3.22E-09; HADS p = 2.82E-10, PCS p = 2.12E-09). These results indicate that patients with acetabular dysplasia might expect significant improvement in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing following PAO.
Chiral Analysis of the Key Intermediates of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate
Authors: Li Man , Zhou Ting , Zhang Qing-Wen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract(R)-Tenofovir phenyl ester ((R)-1) and (R)-tenofovir diphenyl ester ((R)-2) are key intermediates for the practical synthesis of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, which is a mainstay antiretroviral for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and HIV-1 infections. This article deals with the chiral analysis of (R)-1 and (R)-2 against their respective optical impurity (S)-tenofovir phenyl ester ((S)-1) and (S)-tenofovir diphenyl ester ((S)-2) using a polysaccharide-coated chiral stationary phase (CSP) by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To this end, a chiral synthetic strategy for (S)-2 was efficiently executed capitalizing on a classical Mitsunobu reaction to stereospecifically invert the configuration of chiral carbon in readily accessible (R)-HPA ((R)-4) to deliver (S)-HPA ((S)-4), from which (S)--tenofovir ((S)-3) was in turn prepared and further transformed into (S)-2. With reference substance (S)-2 in hand, a chiral analytical method for (R)-2 using Chiralpak AD-H as CSP by normal-phase HPLC has been developed and validated. The validation results indicated that this chiral analytical method has been achieved with satisfactory separation effect, high sensitivity, and good precision and accuracy, and thus can be deployed for the determination of optical impurities in samples of (R)-1 (via derivation to (R)-2) and (R)-2.
Does Additional Review of Initial Radiographs by Musculoskeletal Specialists Limit Additional Advanced Imaging in Suspected Hip Fractures?
Authors: Miller Andrew S. , Vattigunta Saisanjana , Sharma Sribava , Ahmed Abdulaziz F. , Jenkins Sabrina G. , Thakkar Savyasachi , Srikumaran Uma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with suspected fractures of the hip usually require significant time and resources for care, sometimes including advanced imaging. Optimizing care may improve patient outcomes and reduce the financial burden of hip fractures. Few studies have investigated approaches to reduce the utilization of additional imaging to diagnose hip fractures. The objective of this study was to determine if the utilization of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can be reduced for suspected hip fracture patients via additional review of initial hip radiographs by musculoskeletal specialists. This may aid imaging referral guidelines for patients with a clinical suspicion of a hip fracture and reduce the amount of costly additional imaging. A retrospective multicenter study was conducted of hip fracture patients from five hospitals in an academic health system from 2015 to 2018. The study included initial radiographs of 108 patients, all of which were considered inconclusive at the time of service by radiologist reports and subsequently diagnosed with a hip fracture after receiving additional imaging. Four musculoskeletal specialists were asked to evaluate if the radiographs were positive for hip fracture, negative for hip fracture, or required additional imaging. A positive hip fracture was correctly identified by musculoskeletal specialists from the initial radiograph in 37 to 50% of cases. There was no statistically significant difference between reviewers of different levels of training in identifying hip fractures (p = 0.19) or ordering additional imaging (p = 0.235). There was a moderately positive interclass correlation across reviewers who correctly identified a hip fracture (interclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45–0.70), as well as reviewers who requested additional imaging (ICC = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.25–0.60). Review of initial radiographs by musculoskeletal specialists could reduce the utilization of additional advanced imaging by up to 50% in patients with a suspected hip fracture. This is a level III evidence study.