bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internationalization of medical education in China: An assessment of teachers’ mobility efficacy through the lens of global competence
Authors: Jiang Qin , Song Xiaokang , Liu Lin , Sun Hong , Miao Chunxia , Zhang Hao , Liu Shenjun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Chinese government and universities have invested significantly in the internationalization of teachers in the past decade, especially in supporting teachers’ outward mobility. However, this has not been analyzed in the current literature. This study examined teachers’ mobility efficacy using the construct of global competence in a comparative base.
Methods
An online questionnaire was distributed to the teachers of a medical university in China. Descriptive statistics were used to compare levels of global competence. A one-way ANOVA analysis was implemented to test whether overseas experience makes a difference in the development of global competence. Multiple comparisons tests were conducted to verify the results.
Results
There was a significant difference in the reported global competence between teachers with and without overseas experience. Long-term overseas experience and overseas degree studies had the strongest relationship with higher levels of global competence, although the difference between them was not obvious. The short-term overseas experience did not display obvious differences from the others.
Conclusions
Our findings reinforce the idea that overseas experience is likely to yield more gains in teachers’ levels of global competence, and long-term overseas programs can be encouraged to assist teachers in efforts to enhance global competence.
Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the Paleogene basins in North Pakistan: Implications for the timing of closure of Eastern Tethys and India-Asia Collision
Authors: Ahmad Sajjad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The current investigation's goal is to time the eventual closure of Pakistan's portion of the northern Tethys rim in Kohat-Potwar Basin by using integrated bio-sequence stratigraphy and facies information. The Paleogene strata is divided into six biozones while its depositional profile resembles a distally steepened-homoclinal platform. Paleogene deposits in the Kohat Basin include two depositional cycles, two transgressive-highstand systems tracts, one lowstand systems tract, and two sequence boundaries. Three transgressive-highstand systems tracts were observed in the Potwar Basin, which are separated by two tectonically controlled and one eustatic sequence boundary. The sequence boundaries in both basins are synchronous at 50–49.5 Ma and mark a period of drastic change in sediment character, which may have been caused by the combined effects of uplift and eustatic sea level fall. This suggests that the proto-closure of the northern rim of Tethys occurred between 50 and 49.5 Ma. Only the Kohat Basin experienced the restoration of marine conditions, which happened in the Middle Lutetian at around 45.8 Ma and may have been brought on by a combination of flexural loading of the Indian Plate and eustatic sea-level rise that persisted until the Kohat Basin's closure in the Upper Lutetian at around 41.2 Ma.
Downregulation of host NOLC1 protein during influenza A virus H1N1 infection negatively affects virus replication
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Du Yalan , Wang Bo , Zhang Xinlu , Zhou Changbo , Liu Meichen , Yi Wenfu , Huo Yapeng , Liu Hongsheng , Ma Hongbin , Zheng Fangliang , Zhu Chunyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The influenza A virus nonstructural protein NS1 is crucial for the virus infection process. By interacting with various host RNAs or proteins, NS1 regulates both host and viral activities. Nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1 (NOLC1), a protein involved in cell cycle regulation, may be involved in host viral resistance. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the changes in host NOLC1 during virus infection and the effect of these changes on virviral replication. Methods: We used co-immunoprecipitation to confirm that H1N1 NS1 can interact with NOLC1 in host cells. Results: We found that the D125 and R200 residues in H1N1 NS1 are crucial for the interaction. Real-time PCR and western blotting revealed changes in host NOLC1 during viral infection. Constructing a lentiviral vector, and then overexpressing and knocking down NOLC1 in A549 cells, enabled us to demonstrate how NOLC1 affects viral replication. We found that H1N1 NS1 interacts with host NOLC1 and that NOLC1 is inhibited during H1N1 infection. In NOLC1-knockdown A549 cells, viral replication was inhibited. Conclusion: The current study revealed that viral replication is negatively affected by a decrease in NOLC1 level in host cells. This research lays the foundation for a deeper comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the complex host–influenza virus interactions, as well as for the prevention and management of influenza viruses.
Accessibility, usability, readability, and security analysis of company websites
Authors: Akgül Yakup , Uymaz Ali Osman , Baba Adem 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The use of web technologies has transformed the way businesses communicate with their clients, customers, and stakeholders. Although websites can be effective tools for sharing information, marketing, and public relations, people with disabilities and the elderly often face challenges when accessing information on websites. To address this issue, many countries have made web accessibility mandatory by law. This study aims to evaluate the web accessibility of the 100 largest Turkish companies, as ranked by Capital magazine, and to assess the usability, readability, and security of their corporate websites. Despite some areas for improvement, the study identified significant issues related to accessibility, usability, readability, and security. The report provides recommendations for developers and administrators on how to address these issues and ensure that information is accessible to all stakeholders. Ultimately, the study aims to help organizations and web developers improve their policies and practices to enhance web accessibility, usability, readability, and security.
Unraveling the Complexities of Climate Change and Environment Migration: A Transformers-Based Topic Modelling Approach
Authors: Perez-Segura Víctor , Caro-Carretero Raquel , Rua Antonio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research aims to synthesize the theoretical field on climate migrations by identifying the main thematic lines that make up the area of study, as well as to analyze their temporal evolution, geographic distribution, and impact. For this purpose, a thematic analysis of the abstracts of 1,048 scientific articles has been carried out by applying natural language processing techniques. The analyses consisted of the application of a clustering strategy based on high dimensionality vectors generated from the texts through the application of neural networks based on BERT architecture. The results show that the research on climate migrations is composed of a total of 15 distinct themes. It has also been found that each thematic line is different in their volume, temporal evolution, geographic distribution, and impact. This knowledge offers a privileged position to strengthen the development of the discipline by providing greater perspective to researchers and knowledge about the field of study itself.
Interweaving Real-Time Jobs with Energy Harvesting to Maximize Throughput
Authors: Schieber Baruch , Samineni Bhargav , Vahidi Soroush 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Motivated by baterryless IoT devices, we consider the following scheduling problem. The input includes $n$ unit time jobs $\calJ = \lrc{J_1, \ldots, J_n}$, where each job $J_i$ has a release time $r_i$, due date $d_i$, energy requirement $e_i$, and weight $w_i$. We consider time to be slotted; hence, all time related job values refer to slots. Let $T=\max_i\lrc{d_i}$. The input also includes an $h_t$ value for every time slot $t$ $\lrp{1 \leq t \leq T}$, which is the energy harvestable on that slot. Energy is harvested at time slots when no job is executed. The objective is to find a feasible schedule that maximizes the weight of the scheduled jobs. A schedule is feasible if for every job $J_j$ in the schedule and its corresponding slot $t_j$, $t_{j} \neq t_{j'}$ if ${j} \neq {j'}$, $r_j \leq t_j \leq d_j$, and the available energy before $t_j$ is at least $e_j$. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to consider the theoretical aspects of this problem. In this work we show the following. \textsf{(1)} A polynomial time algorithm when all jobs have identical $r_i, d_i$ and $w_i$. \textsf{(2)} A $\frac{1}{2}$-approximation algorithm when all jobs have identical $w_i$ but arbitrary $r_i$ and $d_i$. \textsf{(3)} An FPTAS when all jobs have identical $r_i$ and $d_i$ but arbitrary $w_i$. \textsf{(4)} Reductions showing that all the variants of the problem in which at least one of the attributes $r_i$, $d_i$, or $w_i$ are not identical for all jobs are $\NPH$.
A deep unfolding network-based image transmission scheme in D2D mobile edge networks
Authors: Bao Shuang , Li Lixiang , Peng Haipeng , Liang Junying , Wang Lanlan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the explosion of data on mobile devices and users, the conflict between the explosion of data traffic in mobile communications and the resource constraints of mobile devices is intensifying. The device-to-device (D2D) communication technology is the ideal technology for direct communication between resource-limited devices. Therefore, for image transmission tasks on edge mobile devices, we propose a depth unfolding network based image transmission scheme. The proposed scheme improves the efficiency of the D2D communication of the device, while ensuring image reconstruction performance. The proposed scheme consists of a deep unfolding network-based image reconstruction model called DAMP-Net+ and a pre-trained compression model. DAMP-Net+ combines DWT with AMP algorithm unfolded to DNNs to increase the Quality of transferred image. In addition , DAMP-NET+ converts the matrix multiplication in the sampling module to a semi-tensor product, significantly reducing the size of the sampling matrix and saving storage resources on edge mobile devices. The experimental data indicates that the proposed scheme achieves the expected results in terms of image reconstruction effect, operation speed and security performance. Compared to other six methods, DAMP-Net+ obtained better PSNR and SSIM at sampling rates of 1%, 4% and 10%, while obtaining better visual results.
Novel, standardized pre-clinical surgical animal model to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of ischemic flap healing
Authors: Aksamitiene Edita , Heffelfinger Ryan N , Hoek Jan B , Pribitkin Edmund deAzevedo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Some of the most complex surgical interventions to treat trauma and cancer include the use of locoregional pedicled flaps and free autologous tissue transfer. While the techniques used for these reconstructive surgery procedures have improved over time, flap complications and even failure remain a significant clinical challenge. Animal models are useful in studying the pathophysiology of ischemic flaps, but when repeatability is a primary focus of a study, conventional in-vivo designs, where one randomized subset of animals serves as a treatment group while a second subset serves as a control, are at a disadvantage instigated by greater subject-to-subject variability.Results We present a novel, economical, and standardized pre-clinical animal model of excisional full-thickness wound closure and healing using axial pattern flaps that incorporates an anatomically named vascular pedicle. In this bilateral epigastric fasciocutaneous advancement flap (BEFAF) model, which simulates an actual clinical procedure of autologous tissue transfer, one flap heals under normal and a contralateral flap - under perturbed conditions or both flaps heal under conditions that vary by one within-subjects factor. Although we describe step-by-step methodological approach how to create such flaps as well as collect, process, and analyze flap survival data in larger size rodents, specifically, the rats (Rattus norvegicus), the BEFAF model is transferable and could be implemented in any mammalian species. We also stress the importance of taking and presenting high resolution histological stain images of the flaps that are indispensable for diagnostic result interpretation in the full-thickness wound healing studies.Conclusions BEFAFs may be used to investigate the spatiotemporal cellular and molecular responses to complex tissue injury and interventions simulating clinically relevant flap complications (e.g., secondary arterial, venous, or mixed ischemia) and therapeutic or surgical treatments (e.g., flap delay) in the presence or absence of confounding risk factors (e.g., substance abuse, irradiation, diabetes) or favorable wound-healing promoting activities (e.g., exercise). This technically challenging but feasible reconstructive surgery model eliminates inter-subject variability, while concomitantly minimizing the number of animals needed to achieve adequate statistical power. BEFAF also serves as an aid for teaching basic vascular microsurgery techniques that focus on precision, tremor management and magnification.
Analyzing the impact of software complexity on software design reviews and inspections
Authors: Silva D. I. , Zoysa R.R.P. , Mawaththa W.R.Y , Tharushika W.D.C. , Fernando U.S.L. , Muthusinghe M.M.R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research was conducted to evaluate how software complexity affects design reviews and inspections and to offer remedies and workarounds to counteract any unfavorable consequences. To do this, a brand-new metric known as Sudul's Complexity Measure (SCM), which offers an overall complexity evaluation of software systems, was devised. The research evaluated ten software applications with varied degrees of complexity by combining the insights of professionals in the field of software engineering with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results showed that there is a negative correlation between software complexity and inspection uniformity, review ease, and time, effort, and cost of reviews and inspections. It was also discovered that the design techniques utilized had a bigger influence on transparency than the program's level of complexity. The research provided a variety of remedies and workarounds for the drawbacks of software complexity, including instructing reviewers and inspectors, enhancing the design procedure, and using software tools to automate the review procedure. The study was constrained by a limited sample size for both software applications and experts as well as its exclusive emphasis on design reviews and inspections rather than other areas of software development like testing and maintenance. This article offers a thorough analysis of how software complexity affects design reviews and inspections, with ramifications for software development firms, project managers, and software engineers. Organizations may apply methods to lessen negative impacts and enhance the overall quality and efficiency of their software development processes by understanding how software complexity affects design reviews and inspections. Future research is required, nevertheless, to get beyond the drawbacks of this one, including a bigger sample size and a more thorough analysis of software complexity across the whole development process.
Comparison and investigation on characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome rat models induced by letrozole, testosterone propionate, and high-fat diets
Authors: Hu Runan , Huang Yanjing , Liu Zhuo , Dong Haoxu , Ma Wenwen , Song Kunkun , Xu Xiaohu , Wu Xiao , Geng Yuli , Li Fan , Zhang Mingmin , Song Yufan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Due to the ethical limitations in human research, an ideal animal model is a critical resource for studying the etiology, pathophysiology, and long-term health outcomes of PCOS. However, no gold-standard rodent PCOS model has been achieved until now. The current study attempts to propose the ideal rat model for studies on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Results
LE treatment induced hyperandrogenemia, further disrupting the estrous cycle, inducing polycystic ovary morphology, and impairing ovarian function. However, this effect could be restored within six weeks. Concurrently, LE enhanced excess fat storage, diminished adipocyte browning and energy expenditure, promoted hepatic steatosis, induced glucose intolerance, developed insulin resistance, affected the inflammation state, and compromised the intestinal barrier. HFD could amplify the effects of LE, particularly the metabolic disturbance. While the pituitary-ovarian axis was more efficiently and consistently affected by TP, which interrupted estrous cycle, overactivated primordial follicles, induced polycystic ovary morphology, altered hormonogenesis and expression of hormone receptors, suppressed follicle maturation, and influenced ovarian inflammation level. TP also altered the composition of intestinal microbiota and compromised the intestinal barrier. However, the effects on glucose, insulin, lipid, and energy metabolism were not as profound as LE, which can be supplemented by HFD.
Conclusions
LE is beneficial for studies on PCOS metabolic disturbances; LE + HFD is suitable for investigations on PCOS metabolic abnormalities and the gut-PCOS link. Whereas, T injection is appropriate for studying PCOS reproductive abnormalities; T + HFD treatment is the most comprehensive for PCOS reproductive abnormalities, metabolic disturbances, and the gut-PCOS link.
Premature birth changes wiring constraints in neonatal structural brain networks
Authors: Akarca Danyal , Astle Duncan , Mousley Alexa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Structural brain organization in infancy is associated with later cognitive, behavioral, and educational outcomes. Due to practical limitations, such as poor in-utero imaging, there is a lack of understanding of the early emergence of topological organization. We combine the developing Human Connectome Project’s large infant dataset with generative network modeling to simulate the emergence of network organization over early development. Preterm infants had reduced connectivity, shorter connection lengths and lower network efficiency compared to term-born infants. The models were able to recapitulate the organizational differences between term and preterm networks and revealed that preterm infant networks are better simulated under tighter wiring constraints than term infants. Tighter constraints for preterm models resulted in shorter connection lengths while preserving vital, long-range rich club connections. These simulations suggest that preterm birth is associated with a renegotiation of the cost/value wiring trade-off that may drive the emergence of different network organization.
Clean Energy Transition Pathways for India
Authors: Lobo Fern , Jansen Malte , Luscombe Hannah , Howells Mark , Tan Naomi , Cannone Carla , Yeganyan Rudolf , Patterson Simon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
India is uniquely positioned to shape how developing nations achieve a clean energy transition. Reaching the targets set at COP26 requires a clear pathway. Specifically, India faces the critical challenge of shifting away from coal and increasing its share of renewable energy. This study has focussed on the following targets announced by the Indian government at COP-26: 1) Reaching 500 GW Non-fossil energy capacity by 2030 (focussed on exceeding this target by 50GW) 2) Reducing total projected carbon emissions by one billion tonnes, and 3) Achieving net zero by 2070. However, considering India’s social and economic dependency on the coal industry, along with the immense pressure from the significant, growing population, how these targets can be achieved must be scrutinised to form a clear roadmap for success. Energy System Modelling, specifically OSeMOSYS, have provided a valuable mechanism for formulating evidence-based policy recommendations. This study developed a “starter data kit” for India, allowing for the modelling of six scenarios based on the three aforementioned COP-26 targets. The modelled scenarios are as follows: a Low Cost scenario; a Fossil Future scenario, where no new investment is made in renewable energy or efficiency after 2021; a scenario where 550GW of solar/wind/hydropower is integrated into the system by 2030; Net Zero by 2070; Net Zero by 2070, with 550 GW of renewables and a 1 bn tCO2 reduction in carbon emissions; and a scenario with 550 GW of renewables combined with the 1 bn tCO2 reduction. The results of this modelling, along with a comprehensive literature review, found that to achieve all three targets a shift in baseload energy is required, suggesting nuclear and biomass as suitable sources. Despite the high capital cost of nuclear, its longevity and low running costs counter this. It was also determined that securing 550 GW of renewable energy by 2030 is an important starting point for renewable energy penetration. However, increased system dependence on renewables requires a congruent scale-up of energy storage capabilities to address system instability, specifically to ~ 160 GWh of capacity. Finally, deep penetration of energy efficiency is integral to success, which should be promoted with improved fiscal and financial incentives, along with education campaigns. To achieve its COP-26 climate targets, India should consider the implementation of the above recommendations.
Controlling the morphology of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide) (PEG-PLA) self-assemblies in solution: Interplay of homopolymer additive and kinetic traps
Authors: Lim PQ , Parikh AN , Venkatraman S , bczarny  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly involves various components in the system interacting in diverse and intricate ways to result in a final state. This paper explores the how homopolymer additives and kinetic traps can be used to control the morphology of self-assembly of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide) (PEG-PLA) nanostructures in water. By kinetically trapping PEG-PLA nanostructures formed in the presence of a non-adsorbing PEG homopolymer, we reveal how different concentrations and molecular weights of the added PEG was found to be able to induce micelle-to-vesicle transitions. This phenomenon was ascribed to a change in the molecular geometry of the underlying BCP induced by the added PEG homopolymer due largely to excluded volume screening effects. In addition, we demonstrated the reverse vesicle-to-micelle transition upon homopolymer removal, and the kinetic nature of the system rendered the transition effect time and temperature dependent. Analysis of the intermediate transition structures reinforces our proposed mechanism involving the change in the underlying molecular geometry of the PEG-PLA BCP. As proof of concept, we showed how our understanding of the PEG-PLA system allowed us successfully utilize the PEG-PLA vesicles thermoresposive delivery systems. We showed how the vesicles was able to retain dye at low temperature (4℃) and the release can be triggered upon heating (37℃). Overall, the work here introduces a novel means of regulating the morphology and behavior of BCP nanostructures, which can have important downstream applications.