bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of foot ulcers in patients with end‐stage renal disease on dialysis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yan Shanshan , Yao Dongfang , Wang Ya , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study aims to assess the risk factors for foot ulcers in patients undergoing dialysis for end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and to provide evidence‐based guidance for prevention and treatment. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang Data from the database inception until May 2023 to identify relevant studies investigating the risk factors for foot ulcers in dialysis patients with ESRD. Two independent researchers conducted the literature screening and data extraction. The meta‐analysis was performed using STATA 17.0 software. Ultimately, six articles comprising 1620 patients were included for analysis. The meta‐analysis revealed that male (OR, 1.464; 95% CI: 1.082–1.980, p = 0.013), hypertension (OR, 1.781; 95% CI: 1.293–2.4550, p < 0.001), peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR, 5.014; 95% CI: 2.514–9.998, p < 0.001), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (OR, 2.993; 95% CI: 1.477–6.065, p = 0.002) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OR, 2.498; 95% CI:1.466–4.256, p = 0.001) were risk factors for foot ulcers in dialysis patients with ESRD. Conversely, the female sex (OR, 0.683; 95% CI: 0.505–0.924, p = 0.013) was a protective factor against foot ulcers. Our analysis revealed that male sex, hypertension, PAD, T1DM and T2DM were risk factors for foot ulcers in patients undergoing dialysis for ESRD. Conversely, the female sex was a protective factor against foot ulcers. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen health education that targets patients with these risk factors and regularly screen high‐risk individuals. Early detection and treatment can help delay disease progression.
Effect of caring leadership intervention program for first‐line nurse managers on their managerial actions and nurse outcomes
Authors: Abd El‐Fattah Mohamed Aly Nagah , El‐Shanawany Safaa M. , Ghanem Maha , Fayad Elham Abd El Kader , Lotfy Wael M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to examine the effect of a caring leadership intervention program for first‐line nurse managers (FLNM) on their caring knowledge and managerial actions as well as nurses' perceived FLNM caring behaviours and nurse outcomes.DesignA quasi‐experimental study design was implemented on two groups; study and control, including 30 FLNM and 150 nurses for each.MethodsSelf‐report questionnaires about FLNMs' knowledge of caring behaviours and their managerial actions, nurses perceived line nurse managers' caring behaviours and nurses' outcomes (job satisfaction and work engagement) were utilized to collect study data from 1 July 2022 to 30 December 2022.ResultsA statistically significant difference and changes were revealed between the study and control groups in FLNMs' caring knowledge and their managerial actions, and nurses' perceived FLNMs' caring behaviours, nurses' job satisfaction and nurses' work engagement during post‐test in comparison to pre‐test. Higher total mean scores of post‐test in the study group were recorded compared to those of control group regarding FLNMs' caring knowledge and their managerial actions as well as nurses ‘perceived FLNMs’ caring behaviour, job satisfaction and work engagement.ConclusionThe caring leadership intervention program for FLNMs was highly effective in enhancing their caring knowledge and managerial actions as well as nurses' perceived FLNM caring behaviours and nurse outcomes.Implications for the ProfessionCaring leadership can help FLNMs to create a healthy environment, resulting in a positive outcome for nurse staff, patients and healthcare organizations.Patient and Public ContributionNo patient and public contribution.
Placenta‐derived exosomal miR‐135a‐5p promotes gestational diabetes mellitus pathogenesis by activating PI3K/AKT signalling pathway via SIRT1
Authors: Zhang Qiuyu , Ye Xu , Xu Xia , Yan Jianying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMost people are aware of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a dangerous pregnancy complication in which pregnant women who have never been diagnosed with diabetes develop chronic hyperglycaemia. Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been shown to be a key player in the pathophysiology of GDM. In this study, we looked into how placental exosomes and their miRNAs may contribute to GDM. When compared to exosomes from healthy pregnant women, it was discovered that miR‐135a‐5p was elevated in placenta‐derived exosomes that were isolated from the maternal peripheral plasma of GDM women. Additionally, we discovered that miR‐135a‐5p encouraged HTR‐8/SVneo cell growth, invasion and migration. Further research revealed that miR‐135a‐5p activates HTR‐8/SVneo cells' proliferation, invasion and migration by promoting PI3K/AKT pathway activity via Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). The transfer of exosomal miR‐135a‐5p generated from the placenta could be viewed as a promising agent for targeting genes and pertinent pathways involved in GDM, according to our findings.
Iron‐inhibited autophagy via transcription factor ZFP27 in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Wang Yinying , Wen Qian , Chen Rongsha , Gan Zhichao , Huang Xinwei , Wang Pengfei , Cao Xia , Zhao Ninghui , Yang Zhongshan , Yan Jinyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a challenge because of the ageing of the population and the disease's complicated pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence showed that iron and autophagy were involved in PD. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism and role of iron and autophagy in PD are not yet elucidated. In the present study, it was shown that PD mice had significant motor dysfunction, increased iron content, less dopamine neurons and more α‐synuclein accumulation in the substantia nigra. Meanwhile, PD mice treated with deferoxamine exhibited less iron content, relieved the dyskinesia and had a significant increase in dopamine neurons and a significant decrease in α‐synuclein. Autophagy induced by LC3 was inhibited in PD models with iron treatment. Following verification showed that iron aggregation restrained insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and transcription factor zinc finger protein 27 (ZFP27) in PD models. In addition, LC3‐induced autophagy flux was reduced with ZFP27 knockdown. Furthermore, ZFP27 affected autophagy by regulating LC3 promoter activity. These data suggest that iron deposition inhibits IGF2 and ZFP27 to reduce LC3‐induced autophagy, and ultimately decrease dopamine neurons, accelerating PD progression. Our findings provide a novel insight that ZFP27‐mediated iron‐related autophagy and IGF2 may activate the downstream kinase gene to trigger autophagy in the PD model.
Analysis of multisite surface electromyography characteristics of pelvic floor muscles in postpartum patients with diastasis recti abdominis
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Fu Feifei , Li Wenjuan , Ding Tian , Gu Yili , Xie Zhenwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the electrophysiological characteristics of the independent muscles in the pelvic floor muscle (PFM) group of postpartum women with diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) and analyze the correlation between the rectus abdominis interval and PFM function.MethodsA total of 133 women who underwent postpartum re‐examination from August 2021 to July 2022 were collected. The participants were divided into DRA and control groups based on the occurrence of DRA on ultrasonography. General data of the participants were collected, and the multisite surface electromyography (sEMG) assessment of the PFMs was performed using a intravaginal novel airbag‐type stretchable electrode array device developed by the team. The sEMG characteristics of the different PFMs in the two groups were compared, and the correlation between the maximum rectus abdominis interval and the sEMG parameters of different PFMs was analyzed.ResultsThere were no differences in the baseline demographics and incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction between the two groups (p > 0.05). The mean amplitude of vaginal sphincter endurance contraction in the DRA group was significantly lower than that in the control group (28.44 ± 15.59 vs. 22.03 [12.22, 28.00], p < 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed a weak negative correlation between the maximum rectus abdominis interval and the endurance contraction mean amplitude of the urethral and external anal sphincters (r = −0.173, −0.217, p < 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with DRA had weakened PFM endurance, and there was a weak negative correlation between the maximum rectus abdominis interval and the endurance contraction mean amplitude of the PFM.
Thurstonian models for three variants (specified, unspecified, and unspecified with forgiveness) of the Two‐Out‐of‐Five method
Authors: Bi Jian , Kuesten Carla 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Two‐Out‐of‐Five method is one of the basic sensory discrimination methods. It is a special case of the ‘M+N’ method with M = 3 and N = 2. Three variants of the method are discussed in the paper: specified, unspecified, and unspecified with forgiveness. Analytical and simulation‐derived psychometric functions for all three variants of the Two‐Out‐of‐Five method are derived and produced. The performance of the method in both difference and similarity/equivalence tests are explored. It is shown that both difference and similarity/equivalence testing powers for the specified Two‐Out‐of‐Five are larger than those for the 2‐AFC and 3‐AFC. Both difference and similarity/equivalence testing powers for the unspecified Two‐Out‐of‐Five are larger than those for the Triangle and Duo‐trio. Both difference and similarity/equivalence testing powers for the unspecified with forgiveness Two‐Out‐of‐Five are larger than those for the conventional unspecified Two‐Out‐of‐Five and unspecified Tetrads. Tables and R codes are presented and provided for estimations of the probability of correct response, Pc, Thurstonian discriminal distance or d', and the B value for estimating the variance of d' for the three variants of the Two‐Out‐of‐Five method.Practical ApplicationsThe Two‐Out‐of‐Five method is a powerful sensory discrimination method. However, this method has not been used widely in sensory and consumer research, partly since the method has not been explored adequately in the literature. This paper explores the Two‐Out‐of‐Five method and shows that the method has potential for wide application. The Two‐Out‐of‐Five method involves a larger number of samples (5) and sensory fatigue may be of concern. Hence, the method may not be suitable for taste and smell tests with strong stimuli. The method is particularly suitable for manual and visual inspection testing where sensory fatigue is of a lesser concern.
Video game playing and oral health in school‐age children: A cross‐sectional study in Turkey
Authors: Mustuloğlu Şeyma , Tezol Özlem 
Published: September 2023

AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of video game playing with oral/dental health and harmful oral habits in school‐age children.MethodsThe daily video gamer (n = 77) and occasional video gamer (n = 77) children between 6 and 12 years old were included in the study. A questionnaire inquiring socio‐demographic characteristics, video gaming and abnormal oral habits of the children was filled by parents. The children were examined intraorally and decayed‐missing‐filled tooth, the International Caries Detection and the Assessment‐II System scores, dental plaque and gingival indices were recorded.ResultsOf the children; 42.9% daily video gamers played video games for between 1 and 2 h and 57.1% played for ≥2 h while all of the occasional video gamers spent for between 1 and 2 h on video game per day. The daily video gamer and occasional video gamer children were not different in terms of socio‐demographic characteristics, frequency of having daily tooth brushing habit, using children's toothpaste and having regular dental checkup (P > 0.05). No statistically significant difference was present between the groups in terms of frequencies of abnormal oral habits and having at least one abnormal oral habit (P > 0.05). Severe gingivitis and advanced caries lesions were more common in daily video gamer group (14.2% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.025 and 90.9% vs. 70.9%, P = 0.026, respectively). Daily video gaming time was weakly correlated with plaque index (r = 0.26, n = 77, P = 0.024). Daily video gaming for ≥2 h increased the risk for severe gingivitis (odds (95% confidence interval) = 4.53 (1.07–19.23), P = 0.041) while daily video gaming for between 1 and 2 h decreased the risk for having abnormal oral habit (odds (95% confidence interval) = 0.39 (0.16–0.93), P = 0.034).ConclusionIn school age, daily video gaming may worsen oral and dental health compared with occasional video gaming. Particularly, an excessive video gaming time seems to be associated with poor oral health in school children.
Evaluation of Ascochyta resistance in chickpea genotypes with quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay
Authors: Özer Göksel , Palacıoğlu Gülsüm , Aydoğan Abdulkadir , Bayraktar Harun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAscochyta blight caused by Ascochyta rabiei is a globally important chickpea disease. Host resistance to Ascochyta blight is considered the most practical and effective means of control, but breeding has been hindered by a lack of effective resistance sources, and time‐consuming, labour‐intensive traditional methods to screen the resistance level of chickpea genotypes. This paper evaluated the progression of pathogen infection and the disease reaction of chickpea genotypes to Ascochyta blight by traditional and molecular methods. The resistance level of 84 chickpea genotypes was assessed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay (qPCR) using a standard curve produced by various known amounts of pathogen DNA and compared with disease scores based on visual assessments 8 days after inoculation. Disease assessments revealed statistically significant differences between the resistance levels of chickpea genotypes, while the quantity of target DNA in the samples inoculated with the pathogen ranged from 0.004 to 83.37 ng. Our results showed a close relationship between the visual assessment of disease severity and the quantification of the target DNA in chickpea genotypes. The genotypes Tüb‐35, Tüb‐47, Tüb‐26, Tüb‐82, Tüb‐65 and Tüb‐69 were classified as highly resistant to Ascochyta blight based on the results of both assays used for screening chickpea genotypes. This qPCR analysis could be used to quantify disease progression in plant tissues and screen chickpea genotypes as a potential alternative to visual assessment of resistance levels in breeding programmes.
Urine concentrating ability in cats with hyperthyroidism: Influence of radioiodine treatment, masked azotemia, and iatrogenic hypothyroidism
Authors: Peterson Mark E. , Rishniw Mark 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHyperthyroid cats often have urine specific gravity (USG) values <1.035. It remains unclear how USG changes after treatment, if USG can be used to predict azotemia after treatment, or how iatrogenic hypothyroidism influences USG values.ObjectivesTo determine the proportion of hyperthyroid cats with USG <1.035 vs ≥1.035; if USG changes after treatment; and whether USG <1.035 correlated with unmasking of azotemia or hypothyroidism.AnimalsSix hundred fifty‐five hyperthyroid cats treated with radioiodine; 190 clinically normal cats.MethodsProspective, before‐and‐after study. Hyperthyroid cats had serum thyroxine, thyroid‐stimulating hormone, and creatinine concentrations, and USG measured before and 6 months after successful treatment with radioiodine.ResultsOf untreated hyperthyroid cats, USG was ≥1.035 in 346 (52.8%) and <1.035 in 309 (47.2%). After treatment, 279/346 (80.6%) maintained USG ≥1.035, whereas 67/346 (19.4%) became <1.035; 272/309 (88%) maintained USG <1.035, whereas 37/309 (12%) became ≥1.035. Only 22/346 (6.4%) with USG ≥1.035 developed azotemia after treatment, compared with 136/309 (44%) with <1.035 (P < .001). Of cats remaining nonazotemic, 38% had USG <1.035, compared with 20% of normal cats (P < .001). The 137 cats with iatrogenic hypothyroidism had lower USG after treatment than did 508 euthyroid cats (1.024 vs 1.035), but USGs did not change after levothyroxine supplementation. USG <1.035 had high sensitivity (86.1%) but moderate specificity (65.2%) in predicting azotemia after treatment.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHyperthyroidism appears not to affect USG in cats. However, cats with evidence of sub‐optimal concentrating ability before radioiodine treatment (USG < 1.035) are more likely to develop azotemia and unmask previously occult chronic kidney disease. Iatrogenic hypothyroidism itself did not appear to affect USG values.
Commercial milk formula marketing following increased restrictions in Singapore: A qualitative study
Authors: Topothai Chompoonut , Tan Grace Ping Ping , van der Eijk Yvette 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe promotion of commercial milk formula (CMF) negatively impacts breastfeeding outcomes. In 2019, Singapore updated its 1979 Code of Ethics of the Sale of Infant Foods Ethics Committee Singapore (SIFECS) to increase marketing restrictions on CMF for infants 0–12 months. However, little is known about industry tactics to undermine these restrictions. This qualitative study explores health workers' and mothers' experiences with CMF marketing in Singapore following the 2019 restrictions. We conducted a qualitative study, using semistructured interviews with 14 mothers of infants aged less than 5 months and 20 health workers with expertise in antenatal, maternity, or paediatric care. We analysed data thematically using inductive coding. Five themes were identified. Mothers and health workers reported digital marketing, product line extensions with toddlers' milk and milk for mothers, and CMF sponsorships in the healthcare setting. Expert endorsement, competitive price, nutritional claims, and brand reputation influenced mothers' infant formula choices, yet both mothers and health workers appeared to be unaware of the impact of CMF marketing tactics on their own perceptions. The restriction of CMF marketing and infant feeding practices varied widely between hospitals, with private hospitals and practices having less strict controls on CMF marketing. Despite the updated SIFECS restrictions, CMF companies continue to target mothers and health workers in Singapore. SIFECS restrictions should be tightened to align with international guidelines, by increasing their scope to include toddlers' milk and prohibiting cross‐promotion, digital marketing, and any sponsorships of events targeting health workers that may create a conflict of interest.
Resurrecting urban sunflowers: Phenotypic and molecular changes between antecedent and modern populations separated by 36 years
Authors: Spear Marissa M. , Levi Sophie J. , Etterson Julie R. , Gross Briana L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResurrection experiments provide a unique opportunity to evaluate phenotypic and molecular evolution in response to environmental challenges. To understand the evolution of urban populations of Helianthus annuus, we compared plants from 36‐year‐old antecedent seed collections to modern seed collections from the same area using molecular and quantitative genetic approaches. We found 200 differentially expressed transcripts between antecedent and modern groups, and transcript expression was generally higher in modern samples as compared to antecedent samples. Admixture analysis indicated gene flow from domesticated to modern populations over time. After a greenhouse refresher generation, one antecedent–modern population pair was grown under two water availability (well‐watered and drought) and temperature (ambient and elevated by 2.8°C) conditions reflecting historical and contemporary climates. Overall, 78% (7 out of 9) of traits differed between the antecedent and modern populations, with modern individuals displaying some trait changes that are coherent with climate changes expectations and some trait changes in the direction of crop varieties. Phenotypic selection analysis showed that modern trait values were often favoured by selection, especially in environmental treatments resembling modern conditions. Trait heritability in the antecedent population was five times as high as in the modern population, on average. In addition, phenotypic plasticity for some traits, such as flowering phenology, was present in the antecedent population but absent in the modern population. The combination of phenotypic and molecular information suggests that evolution has been influenced by crop‐wild introgression, adaptive processes and drift. We discuss these results in the context of continued evolution in response to anthropogenic factors.
Finite Element Parametric Design of Hallux Valgus Orthosis Based on Orthogonal Analysis
Authors: Tang Zhi , Wu Yifei , Bao Wenlan , Chen Xiaoyan , Zhang Die , Korotkov Alexander Nikolaevich , Zheng Weiming , Gu Song 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo design appropriate orthosis for hallux valgus, a difficult foot condition that affects a quarter of the body's bones, we need to clarify the numerical biomechanical features, which have not been established in previous biomechanical studies. Therefore, we constructed a finite element model of the bunion foot to investigate the orthopaedic force compensation mechanism.MethodsA patient with moderate hallux valgus was recruited. CT imaging data in DICOM format were extracted for three‐dimensional foot model reconstruction. In conjunction with the need for rapid design of bunion orthosis, a metatarsal force application sizing method based on an orthogonal test design was investigated. The orthogonal test design was used to obtain the hallux valgus angle (HVA) and the inter metatarsal angle (IMA) data for different force combinations. Based on the extreme difference analysis and analysis of variance of the test results, the influence of different force combinations on the bunion angle was quickly determined.ResultsThe results showed that the stress concentration occurred mainly in the first metatarsal bone. The distribution trend was in the medial and lateral middle of the bone and gradually decreased to the dorsal base of the bone body. The greatest stress occurs in the cartilage between the phalanges and metatarsals. In 25 groups of simulation experiments, HVA was reduced from 27.7° to 13°, and IMA was reduced from 12.5° to 7.3°.ConclusionApplying detailed orthopaedic force collocation to the first metatarsal column can effectively restore the mechanics and kinematics of hallux valgus, and provide a reference for the treatment of bunion valgus and the design of orthopaedic devices.
S‐nitrosylation of RABG3E positively regulates vesicle trafficking to promote salt tolerance
Authors: Lin Wei , Wang Yuehua , Li Xiaoying , Huang Xiahe , Wang Yingchun , Shang Jian‐Xiu , Zhao Liqun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule affecting the response of plants to salt stress; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a phenotype analysis and found that the small GTPase RABG3E (RAB7) promotes salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. NO promotes the S‐nitrosylation of RAB7 at Cys‐171, which in turn helps maintain the ion balance in salt‐stressed plants. Furthermore, the S‐nitrosylation of RAB7 at Cys‐171 enhances the enzyme's GTPase activity, thereby promoting vesicle trafficking and increasing its interaction with phosphatidylinositol phosphates—especially phosphatidylinositol‐4‐phosphate (PI4P). Exogenously applied PI4P increases vesicle trafficking and promotes salt tolerance depending on the S‐nitrosylation of RAB7 at Cys‐171. These findings illustrate a unique mechanism in salt tolerance, by which NO regulates vesicle trafficking and ion homeostasis through the S‐nitrosylation of RAB7 and its interaction with PI4P.