bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the potential worldwide distribution of Aedes aegypti under climate change scenarios
Authors: Ragab Sanad H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Zika, dengue fever, and chikungunya are arboviral infections that are spread by Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Climate change is one of the most important factors associated with the medically important insect pests such as mosquitoes (Culicidae). Diseases spread by mosquitoes are growing because of changes in global temperature; they will spread to new regions. The objective of the current study was to study potential geographic distribution habitats of Ae. aegypti in the world under both current and future climate conditions. The scenarios that used were BCC-CSM2-MR and IPSL-CM6A-LR with two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) for each of the GCMs: SSP126 and SSP585. The results revealed that Altitude, Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation *100) (bio4) and Annual Precipitation (bio12) were the most important environmental variables that affected the distribution of Ae. aegypti.
In silico toxicogenomic data-mining to unraveling the influence of lead and cadmium co-exposure on molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of Hypertension
Authors: OLUKUNLE OLUWATOYIN , Omoboyede Victor 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Heavy metals, generally characterized by high densities and atomic weights, are ubiquitous in the environment and are of public health concern due to the several health issues they pose to humans. Of all heavy metals, lead and cadmium among others are known to be capable of inducing multiple health effects even at a low rate of exposure. Hypertension (HYP), a major cause of death and a risk factor for other cardiovascular diseases, is known to be caused by both lead and cadmium. While the mechanism underlying the development of HYP induced by independent exposures to lead and cadmium have been well studied, the mechanism underlying the induction and progression of HYP upon lead and cadmium co-exposure remains mildly explored. Hence, this study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms using an in silico toxicogenomic approach. The set of genes affected by both metals were identified using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) while HYP targets were retrieved from the GeneCards database. The shared genes between the metals and the disease were identified and subjected to further analyses. The results of our analyses revealed the signaling pathways that are dysregulated by lead and cadmium co-exposure while oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction were revealed as processes pertinent to the induction and progression of HYP by lead and cadmium co-exposure. Biomarkers that could be used for prognosis evaluation were also identified. Ultimately, this study supports and advances the growing body of findings on the roles played by lead and cadmium co-exposure in inducing HYP.
Anorectal Manometry Findings in Relation with Long-term Functional Outcomes of The Patients Operated on for Hirschsprung's Disease Compared to The Reference-Based Population
Authors: Huu Tung Trinh , NGUYEN Ngoc Minh , LAM Kim Thien , PHAM Thach Ngoc , VU Nhan Truong , TRUONG Linh Nguyen Uy , TRAN Viet Quoc 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated anorectal manometry (AM) findings and bowel function of patients operated on for Hirschsprung’s disease (HD).
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Children’s Hospital 2. Patients operated on for HD from January 2015 to January 2020 were reviewed. Their clinical characteristics, bowel function, and manometric findings were investigated and compared with the references.
Results
Ninety-five patients and 95 references were enrolled. Mean ages were 6.6 ± 2.2 years and 7.2 ± 2.9 years; fecal incontinence rates were 25.3% and 2.1%, and constipation rates were 12.6% and 4.2 for the patients versus the references, respectively. Anal resting pressures were significantly decreased in the patients compared to the references (53.2 ± 16.1 mmHg versus 62.2 ± 14.0 mmHg; p < 0.05). Among the patients, the anal resting pressure was significantly decreased in the incontinents than in the continents (46.0 ± 10.6 mmHg versus 55.6 ± 16.9 mmHg, p < 0.05). During the sensation test, the value of maximum tolerated volume was significantly decreased in the incontinents than in the continents (135.9 ± 47.9 mL versus 166.6 ± 58.3 mL, p < 0.05).
Conclusion
AM is an objective method providing beneficial information that could guide a more adapted management in HD patients with defecation disorders.
Is There a Relation Between Work-related Perception and Empathy with the Clinical Performance of Residents in China?
Authors: Zhu Yaxin , Wang Ziqi , Zhong Yifan , Duan Xiyu , Qu Bo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Since the nationwide launch of the Standardized Residency Training Program (SRTP) in China, residents have faced multiple barriers from work and the environment, and their empathy, work-related perception, and clinical performance are constantly scrutinized by training administrators and educators. This study aimed to investigate the influence of empathy of residents on their clinical performance and the possible mediating role of work-related perception. A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted including 1160 residents from 10 cities in Liaoning Province between March and October 2020. Participants completed an array of self-reported questionnaires, regarding demographic characteristics, work-related perception, clinical performance, and empathy (measured by the Perspective Taking and Empathic Concern subscales of the Chinese version of Interpersonal Reactivity Index). The relationships among empathy, work-related perception, and clinical performance were examined using a structural equation model (SEM). Of the 1160 residents, 961 (82.8%) completed the questionnaires. The final SEM produced a good fit to the sample data, with CMIN/DF = 2.11 (P < 0.001), CFI = 0.97, GFI = 0.98, AGFI = 0.97, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.034 (0.024, 0.044), and SRMR = 0.031. The model indicated the following: (1) work-related perception of residents had a significant positive predictive effect on clinical performance; (2) empathy had a significant positive predictive effect on work-related perception; and (3) work-related perception partially mediated the relationship between empathy and clinical performance among residents. These findings provide a reference for SRTP administrators and educators to apply work-related interventions for directly or indirectly improve the clinical performance of residents.
A Vector-Free Gene Interference System Using Delaminated Mg–Al-lactate Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets as Molecular Carriers to Intact Plant Cells
Authors: Zhang He , li xinyu , yu dong , Guan Junqi , Ding hao , Wu Hongyang , Wang Qiang , Wan Yinglang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Mg–Al-lactate Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets is an optimal nanocarrier for widely application in plant, However, a standardize vector-free LDH-dsRNA system doesn’t clear describe in past research in different tissues in model and non-model species in plant sciences.
Results: Here, we introduce a vector-free system to interfere with gene expression in intact plant cells. This method uses delaminated Mg–Al-lactate layered double hydroxide nanosheets (LDH-NSs), which can easily be synthesized via co-precipitation method. Briefly, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting genes of interest are synthesized in vitrousing T7 RNA polymerase, adsorbed onto the LDH-NSs, and transported by the LDH-NSs into intact plant cells. The LDH-dsRNA system was tested against housekeeping gene, ACTIN2, finding that only 30 minutes of soaking in medium containing LDH-dsRNA led to 80% gene silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The LDH-dsRNA system also efficiently knocked-down tissue-specific genes in Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana), such as phytoene desaturase (PDS), WUSCHEL(WUS), WUSCHEL related homeobox 5 (WOX5), and ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (AtRHD6). Finally, we used the LDH-dsRNA system to target nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes in cassava (Manihot esculenta), an economically important plant. The LDH-dsRNA system successfully downregulated these genes, decreasing the bacterial resistance of the cassava leaves.
Conclusions: Therefore, we believe that the vector-free LDH-dsRNA system described, optimized, and validated herein has wide application prospects as an efficient, broad-spectrum RNA interference method for the plant and agricultural sciences.
Comprehensively analysis of the FGD family with potential effects on prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Liangyu , Yu Fengqiang , Guan Maohao , Huang Xuan , Lin Nanlong , He Fei , Lai Fancai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background：The FGD family consists of six genes, namely FGD1/2/3/4/5/6. Their roles in lung adenocarcinoma have been unidentified. This research focused on determining the diagnostic efficacy, prognostic value, and immune-related functions of them in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).
Methods：From the TCGA database, mRNA data for the FGD gene family and clinical data for the patients were obtained. Immunohistochemistry was performed to validate representative FGD gene’s expression. A relationship between the FGD genes and immune system molecules was examined using the TIMER and GEPIA databases, the ssGSEA and the MCPcounter methods. Clinical prognosis in LUAD were analyzed by searching for TCGA, KMplotter and GEPIA databases. The TIDE algorithm, TCIA, KMplotter, ROCplotter and ICBatlas databases were used to analyze the value of FGD2 in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy. TIGER database was used to analyze single-cell RNA-sequencing data. The immune-related prognostic model was constructed using 3 machine learning algorithms: K-means clustering, LASSO regression, and WGCNA analysis.
Results: All the six FGD genes’ protein and mRNA were aberrant expressed in the tissues of LUAD in contrast to healthy ones, and our external experiment confirmed FGD2’s expression pattern. Low expression of FGD2, 3, 5 resulted in a shorter OS time and were determined as independent prognostic factors via multivariate analyses. FGD2, 3, 5 were markedly linked to immune infiltration while FGD1, 4, 6 were not. Sc-RNA sequencing analysis indicating that FGD2, 3, 5 were mainly expressed in immunocytes. NSCLC patients with higher FGD2 may more responsive to ICB therapy. The functions of FGD2, 3, 5 and FGD1, 4, 6 in LUAD are heterogeneous, and patients can be separated in to two groups based on these six FGDs’ expression. A prognostic model constructed by immune-related DEGs between these two groups had good predictive value in one training set and 4 testing sets.
Conclusions: FGD2, FGD3 and FGD5 can be used as diagnostic, prognostic, and immune-implicated biomarkesr for patients with LUAD and FGD2 may help to predict the ICB therapy efficacy. The immune-related prognostic model had satisfactory predictive value.
Asymptotic behavior of a generalized Navier-Stokes-alpha model and applications to related models
Authors: Jarrín Oscar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we consider here a generalized alpha-type model on the whole three-dimensional space, which contains as a particular case some relevant equations of the fluid dynamics as the Navier-Stokes-Bardina's model, the fractional and the classical Navier-Stokes equations with an additional drag/friction term. We study first the existence and in some cases the uniqueness of finite energy solutions. Then, we use a general framework to study their long time behavior with respect to the weak and the strong topology of the phase space. When the uniqueness of solutions is known, we prove the existence of a strong global attractor. However, our main contribution is the existence of a weak global attractor in the case when the uniqueness of solutions is an open question. Moreover, we also study some sufficient conditions to insure the weak global attractor becomes a strong one. This result is based on an interesting relationship between the notion of global attractor and the stationary (time-independent) solutions of our evolutionary equation. As a bi-product, we also obtain some new results on the long time description of the fractional and classical Navier-Stokes models with a damping term.
AMS Classification: 35B40, 35D30.
Episignature analysis of moderate effects and mosaics
Authors: Oexle Konrad , Zech Michael , Stühn Lara , Siegert Sandy , Brunet Theresa , Schmidt Wolfgang , Wagner Matias , Schmidt Axel , Tilch Erik , Monestier Olivier , Destrée Anne , Hanker Britta , Boesch Sylvia , Jech Robert , Berutti Riccardo , Kaiser Frank , Haslinger Bernhard , Haack Tobias , Garavaglia Barbara , Krawitz Peter , Winkelmann Juliane , Mirza-Schreiber Nazanin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: DNA methylation classifiers (“episignatures”) help to determine the pathogenicity of variants of uncertain significance (VUS). However, their sensitivity is limited due to their training on unambiguous cases with strong-effect variants so that the classification of variants with reduced effect size or in mosaic state may fail. Moreover, episignature evaluation of mosaics as a function of their degree of mosaicism has not been developed so far.
Results: We improved episignatures with respect to three categories. Applying (i) a minimum-redundancy-maximum-relevance feature selection we reduced their length by up to one order of magnitude without loss of accuracy. Performing (ii) repeated retraining of a support vector machine classifier by step-wise inclusion of cases in the training set that reached probability scores larger than 0.5, we increased the sensitivity of the episignature classifiers by 30%. In the newly diagnosed patients we confirmed the association between DNA methylation aberration and age at onset of KMT2B-deficient dystonia. Moreover, we found evidence for allelic series in KMT2B down to moderate effect variants associated with comparatively mild phenotypes such as late-onset focal dystonia. Retrained classifiers also can detect mosaics that previously remained below the 0.5-threshold, as we showed for KMT2D-associated Kabuki syndrome. Conversely, episignature classifiers are able to revoke erroneous exome calls of mosaicism, as we demonstrated by (iii) comparing presumed mosaic cases with a distribution of artificial in silico mosaics that represented all the possible variation in degree of mosaicism, variant read sampling, and methylation analysis.
Comparing preparation of carbon nanotubes between sol-gel and thermal decomposition and their effect on the properties of lightweight concrete
Authors: Sldozian Rami Joseph 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Scientific modernity lies in the development of a method for obtaining a complex nanomodifier of foam concrete based on CNTs synthesized by the CVD method on sand filler particles pre-treated with a metal oxide catalyst, which allows solving the problem of agglomeration and uniform distribution of carbon nanostructures in the cement-sand matrix. The morphological and physicochemical properties of the obtained nanomodifier based on CNTs were studied by the methods of SEM (with a determination of the elemental composition), TEM, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Regularities of the effect of the technology of obtaining and concentration of the catalyst, as well as the time of synthesis of CNTs on the prepared sand carrier, on the change in the physico-mechanical characteristics of foam concrete samples were established. It is shown that the use of the technology of thermal decomposition of the precatalyst for the composition (CoMo-MgOAl2O3) makes it possible to synthesize a nanomodified sand filler that provides the greatest increase in the strength of foam concrete: ΔСS ~ 34%; ΔBS ~ 32%. The rational time for the synthesis of CNTs is 30 min, while, according to TGA, the increase in the mass of CNTs is ~ 6% wt. (for catalyst without dilution). Dilution of the catalyst with distilled water by 2 and 4 times leads to a subsequent deterioration in the physical and mechanical characteristics of foam concrete. Regularities of the effect of the mass percentage of the introduction and the size of the nanomodified filler fraction on the physical and mechanical characteristics of foam concrete samples were established. It is shown that the most effective is the introduction of 1% wt. nanostructured sand additive with a fraction of 0.16 mm. An increase in compressive strength, and bending strength of foam concrete samples during their modification with developed nanostructured additives, depending on the type and concentration of the CNT growth catalyst, the percentage of introduction and fraction of nanomodified sand, and the composition of the additive. For the first time, the positive effect of adding a complex additive containing nanomodified sand filler (1% wt.) and metakaolin (10% wt.) to the foam concrete mixture has been proven.
The Utility of The Anatomage Virtual Dissection Table and OsiriX in Creating Clinical Anatomy and Radiology Learning Modules on Brain Lesions
Authors: Sadiq Zuhair , Raoof Ameed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In recent years with the advent of technology in medical education, teaching methodology has shifted towards heavy use of online-learning modalities. This has been especially the case for anatomy and radiology courses since they require students to visualize structures of the human body. This issue may be resolved with Anatomage and OsiriX, which several studies have indicated is effective at enhancing students’ learning experiences. This project aims to study the effectiveness of virtual modules in supplementing neuroanatomy learning. We hypothesize that modules created using Anatomage and OsiriX will improve the performances of medical students learning about different types of brain tumors. Two online modules were designed, consisting of a clinical case and CT and MRI images taken from Anatomage and OsiriX. A total of 72 responses across the modules were recorded from fourth-year medical students at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar. The study intended to assess the effectiveness of the modules by comparing quiz scores between one randomized group of students who took the modules versus a second group that did not take the modules. The difference was calculated between the scores for each group using a paired t-test. A significant difference was found between the two groups’ quiz scores for all the modules. The majority of the students who took the modules agreed (72%) that the modules were easy to navigate and reported that the modules helped them understand the concepts (78%). This new online-based learning medium can provide a more enriching and engaging learning experience for medical students.
Prognostic implication of YY1 and CP2c expression in patients with primary breast cancer
Authors: Chung Min Sung , Cha Chihwan , Son Seung Han , Kim Chul Geun , Park Hosub 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
YY1 is transcription factor that regulates differential epigenetic pathways and protein modifications. CP2c is transcription factor that functions as oncogene to regulate cancer cell proliferation. YY1 is known to interact with CP2c to suppress CP2c’s transcriptional activity. However, it is unknown whether YY1 has prognostic significance in breast cancer. Thus, we aimed to investigate YY1 and CP2c expression in breast cancer and prognostic implications.
Methods
Clinical information and tissues were obtained from 491 patients with invasive breast cancer. YY1 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining and patients were divided into two groups according to H-score. Western blot and RT-PCR assays were used for quantifications of YY1 and CP2c mRNA and protein expression.
Results
Of 491 patients with breast cancer, 138 patients showed YY1 overexpression. Luminal subtype, and early stage were associated with overexpression. After follow-up of 68 months, YY1 overexpression was found to be associated with better prognosis. In Cox proportional hazards model, YY1 overexpression functioned as independent prognostic factor after adjustment of ER/HER2 status and tumor size. Quantitative analysis of YY1 and CP2c protein expression in tumor revealed negative correlation between them.
Conclusions
YY1 overexpression is a favorable prognostic biomarker in patients with breast cancer, and it has negative correlation with CP2c.
ZnO:V nanoparticles with enhanced antimicrobial activities
Authors: Alaya L. , Saeedi Ahmad M. , Alsaigh Ahmad A. , Almalki Meshal H.K. , Alonizan N. H. , Hjiri M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, we used sol-gel to synthesize undoped and V-ZnO nanoparticles with different vanadium concentrations (1, 3 and 5 at.%) under supercritical dry condition of ethanol. XRD spectra showed that the obtained powders are well crystallised in hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO nanoparticles. The average crystallites size, estimated by Debye-Scherer formula, was found to be equal to 31 nm for the pure sample and it was decreased to 27 nm for the 3at.% vanadium doped one. SEM and TEM photographs indicated the spherical and elongated shape of the nanoparticles. The stretching bands located at 419 cm-1 confirmed ZnO materials formation. The efficacity of the produced ZnO NPs against G+, G- bacteria and fungi was tested. Vanadium doped ZnO, with low concentrations (10 µg/ml) exhibited a large influence on bacteria and fungi growth inhibition.
Fully automated imaging protocol independent system for pituitary adenoma segmentation: A Convolutional Neural Network-based model on sparsely annotated MRI
Authors: Martin Černý , Jan Kybic , Martin Májovský , Vojtěch Sedlák , Karin Pirgl , Eva Misiorzová , Radim Lipina , David Netuka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study aims to develop a fully automated imaging protocol independent system for pituitary adenoma segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans that can work without user interaction and evaluate its accuracy and utility for clinical applications. We trained two independent artificial neural networks on MRI scans of 394 patients. The scans were acquired according to various imaging protocols over the course of 11 years on 1.5T and 3T MRI systems. The segmentation model assigned a class label to each input pixel (pituitary adenoma, internal carotid artery, normal pituitary gland, background). The slice segmentation model classified slices as clinically relevant (structures of interest in slice) or irrelevant (anterior or posterior to sella turcica). We used MRI data of another 99 patients to evaluate the performance of the model during training. We validated the model on a prospective cohort of 14 patients, Dice coefficients of 0.934, 0.705 and 0.219 for tumor, ICA and normal gland labels, respectively, were achieved. The slice selection model achieved 90.2% accuracy, 84.8% sensitivity, 95.7% specificity and an AUC of 0.965. A human expert rated 71.4% of the segmentation results as accurate, 28.6% as slightly inaccurate and 0% as coarsely inaccurate. Our model achieved good results comparable with recent works of other authors on the largest dataset to date and generalized well for various imaging protocols. We discussed future clinical applications, and their considerations. Models and frameworks for clinical use have yet to be developed and evaluated.