bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated measurement of infant and mother Duchenne facial expressions in the Face‐to‐Face/Still‐Face
Authors: Ahn Yeojin Amy , Önal Ertuğrul Itir , Chow Sy‐Miin , Cohn Jeffrey F. , Messinger Daniel S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough still‐face effects are well‐studied, little is known about the degree to which the Face‐to‐Face/Still‐Face (FFSF) is associated with the production of intense affective displays. Duchenne smiling expresses more intense positive affect than non‐Duchenne smiling, while Duchenne cry‐faces express more intense negative affect than non‐Duchenne cry‐faces. Forty 4‐month‐old infants and their mothers completed the FFSF, and key affect‐indexing facial Action Units (AUs) were coded by expert Facial Action Coding System coders for the first 30 s of each FFSF episode. Computer vision software, automated facial affect recognition (AFAR), identified AUs for the entire 2‐min episodes. Expert coding and AFAR produced similar infant and mother Duchenne and non‐Duchenne FFSF effects, highlighting the convergent validity of automated measurement. Substantive AFAR analyses indicated that both infant Duchenne and non‐Duchenne smiling declined from the FF to the SF, but only Duchenne smiling increased from the SF to the RE. In similar fashion, the magnitude of mother Duchenne smiling changes over the FFSF were 2–4 times greater than non‐Duchenne smiling changes. Duchenne expressions appear to be a sensitive index of intense infant and mother affective valence that are accessible to automated measurement and may be a target for future FFSF research.
Altered gut microbiota–host bile acid metabolism in IBS-D patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency pattern
Authors: Du Liqing , Zhang Zhaozhou , Zhai Lixiang , Xu Shujun , Yang Wei , Huang Chunhua , Lin Chengyuan , Zhong Linda L. D. , Bian Zhaoxiang , Zhao Ling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Dysregulation of gut microbiota–host bile acid (BA) co-metabolism is a critical pathogenic factor of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), instructed by pattern differentiation, is effective in treating IBS-D, in which liver depression and spleen deficiency (LDSD) is the most prevalent pattern. Still, it is unclear the linkage between the LDSD pattern and the BA metabolic phenotype.

Purpose
This study aimed to uncover the biological basis of the LDSD pattern from the BA metabolic perspective.

Methods
Patients with IBS-D completed questionnaires regarding the irritable bowel severity scoring system (IBS-SSS), stool frequency, Stool Bristol scale, and Self-Rating Scales of mental health. Fasting blood and morning feces were collected to analyze the gut metagenome and BA-related indices/metabolites.

Results
IBS-D patients with LDSD had a higher incidence of BA overexcretion (41% vs. 23% non-LDSD) with significant elevations in fecal total BAs and serum BA precursor 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one levels. Compared to controls or non-LDSD patients, LDSD patients had a featured fecal BA profile, with higher proportions of deoxycholic acid (DCA), 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, and lithocholic acid. It is consistent with the BA-metabolizing genomic changes in the LDSD gut microbiota characterized by overabundances of 7-dehydroxylating bacteria and BA-inducible genes (baiCD/E/H). The score of bowel symptoms (stool frequency and abdominal pain) showing greater severity in the LDSD pattern were positively correlated with bai-expressing bacterial abundances and fecal DCA levels separately.

Conclusion
We clarified a differed BA metabolic phenotype in IBS patients with LDSD, which closely correlates with the severity of bowel symptoms. It demonstrates that gut microbiota and host co-metabolism of BAs would provide crucial insight into the biology of the LDSD pattern and its internal relationship with IBS progression.
Lumicitabine, an orally administered nucleoside analog, in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection: Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic results
Authors: Oey Abbie , McClure Matthew , Symons Julian A. , Chanda Sushmita , Fry John , Smith Patrick F. , Luciani Kathia , Fayon Michael , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya , Uppala Rattapon , Bernatoniene Jolanta , Furuno Kenji , Stanley Thorsten , Huntjens Dymphy , Witek James ,   on behalf of the 503 and RSV2004 Study Groups
Published: July 2023

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations and mortality. Lumicitabine, an oral nucleoside analog was studied for the treatment of RSV. The phase 1b and phase 2b studies reported here assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of lumicitabine in infants/neonates hospitalized with RSV. In the phase 1b study, infants (≥1 to ≤12 months) and neonates (<28 days) received a single-ascending or multiple-ascending doses (single loading dose [LD] then 9 maintenance doses [MD] of lumicitabine, or placebo [3:1]). In the phase 2b study, infants/children (28 days to ≤36 months old) received lumicitabine 40/20 mg/kg, 60/40 mg/kg LD/MD twice-daily or placebo (1:1:1) for 5 days. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy parameters were assessed over 28 days. Lumicitabine was associated with a dose-related increase in the incidence and severity of reversible neutropenia. Plasma levels of ALS-008112, the active nucleoside analog, were dose-proportional with comparable mean exposure levels at the highest doses in both studies. There were no significant differences between the lumicitabine groups and placebo in reducing viral load, time to viral non-detectability, and symptom resolution. No emergent resistance-associated substitutions were observed at the RSV L-gene positions of interest. In summary, lumicitabine was associated with a dose-related increase in the incidence and severity of reversible neutropenia and failed to demonstrate antiviral activity in RSV-infected hospitalized infants. This contrasts with the findings of the previous RSV-A adult challenge study where significant antiviral activity was noted, without incidence of neutropenia.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02202356 (phase 1b); NCT03333317 (phase 2b).
Patient perspectives on the role of nurses in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis care (PrEP-RN)
Authors: Orser Lauren , O’Byrne Patrick , Holmes Dave 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
In response to ongoing new HIV diagnoses among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) and limited access points for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care, we established Canada’s first nurse-led HIV prevention service in Ottawa, Canada—PrEP-RN. As part of this service, registered nurses became the primary provider in PrEP delivery and monitoring.

Objectives
To (1) gather patients’ sentiments and experiences related to nurse-led PrEP and (2) identify the implications for nurses working in sexual healthcare.

Methodology
Qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 gbMSM participants who had received, or were presently enrolled in, HIV prevention care from nurses in the PrEP-RN clinic. Interview transcripts were reviewed and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Our analysis revealed two major themes of: The Sexual Health Nurse as the Expert and Patients Reliance on Nurses. The first theme discussed patients’ positive attitudes toward nurses, in terms of the knowledge nurses possessed and the kind and efficient services they. The accommodating nature of nurses, however, led patients to become dependent on their care, which was the focus of the second theme. This reliance on nurses created challenges when patients transitioned from PrEP-RN to alternate providers for ongoing care.

Conclusion
These findings were examined to understand the effect of patients’ perceptions of nurses on nursing practice. Despite patients’ confidence in nurses’ ability to provide PrEP care, the expectations they placed onto nurses to address the totality of their needs created competing demands for nurses to be both a leader in HIV prevention care—and fulfill the image of the caring, healthcare ‘hero’, which created feelings of moral distress among nurses. As increasing initiatives focus on task-shifting of healthcare roles to nurses, understanding the patients’ perspective is essential in maintaining effective nurse-patient relationships.
Evaluation of the introduction of a healthy food and drink policy in 13 community recreation centres on the healthiness and nutrient content of customer purchases and business outcomes: An observational study
Authors: Naughton Shaan Stephanie , Romaniuk Helena , Peeters Anna , Chung Alexandra , Jerebine Alethea , Orellana Liliana , Boelsen-Robinson Tara 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
This observational study assessed the introduction of a comprehensive healthy food and drink policy across 13 community organisation managed aquatic and recreation centres in Victoria, Australia, and the associated changes on business outcomes, and the healthiness of purchases. The policy, based on state government guidelines, mandated that food and drink availability be based on healthiness classification: ’red’ (limit) <10%, and ‘green’ (best choice) >50%, and the remainder ‘amber’ (choose carefully).

Methods
Six years of monthly sales data were split into three periods, prior to (1/01/2013–31/12/2014), during (1/01/2015–31/12/2016) and post (1/1/2017–31/12/2018), policy implementation. Using point-of-sale data, food and drink nutrient content, and state guidelines, items were classified as ‘red’/‘amber’/‘green’. Linear models with Newey West standard errors were fitted to compare the mean value of outcomes between post- to pre-policy implementation periods, for each outcome and centre; and were pooled using random effect meta-analyses.

Results
Comparing post- to pre-policy implementation periods, total food sales did not change (mean percentage difference: -3.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) -21% to 14%), though total drink sales declined -27% (CI -37% to -17%). The mean percentage of ‘red’ foods sold declined by -15% (CI -22% to -7.7%), ‘amber’ food sales increased 11% (CI 5.5% to 16%). ‘Green’ food sales did not change (3.3%, CI -1.4% to 8.0%). The mean percentage of ‘red’ drinks sold declined -37% (CI -43% to -31%), ‘amber’ and ‘green’ drink sales increased by 8.8% (CI 3.6% to 14%) and 28% (CI 23% to 33%), respectively. The energy density and sugar content (percentage of total weight/volume) of both food and drinks decreased.

Conclusions
This study has shown that the implementation of a policy to improve the health of retail food environments can result in a shift towards healthier purchases. Sales revenue from foods did not decline, though revenue from drinks did, indicating future research needs to explore mitigation of this.
Treatment-induced increase in total body potassium in patients at high risk of ventricular arrhythmias; a randomized POTCAST substudy
Authors: Winsløw Ulrik , Sakthivel Tharsika , Zheng Chaoqun , Bosselmann Helle , Haugan Ketil , Bruun Niels , Larroudé Charlotte , Iversen Kasper , Saffi Hillah , Frandsen Emil , Oturai Peter , Jensen Holger Jan , Vinther Michael , Risum Niels , Bundgaard Henning , Jøns Christian 
Published: July 2023

Objective
Hypokalemia is associated with increased risk of arrhythmias and it is recommended to monitor plasma potassium (p-K) regularly in at-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases. It is poorly understood if administration of potassium supplements and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) aimed at increasing p-K also increases intracellular potassium.

Methods
Adults aged≥18 years with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) were randomized (1:1) to a control group or to an intervention that included guidance on potassium rich diets, potassium supplements, and MRA to increase p-K to target levels of 4.5–5.0 mmol/l for six months. Total-body-potassium (TBK) was measured by a Whole-Body-Counter along with p-K at baseline, after six weeks, and after six months.

Results
Fourteen patients (mean age: 59 years (standard deviation 14), 79% men) were included. Mean p-K was 3.8 mmol/l (0.2), and mean TBK was 1.50 g/kg (0.20) at baseline. After six-weeks, p-K had increased by 0.47 mmol/l (95%CI:0.14;0.81), p = 0.008 in the intervention group compared to controls, whereas no significant difference was found in TBK (44 mg/kg (-20;108), p = 0.17). After six-months, no significant difference was found in p-K as compared to baseline (0.16 mmol/l (-0.18;0.51), p = 0.36), but a significant increase in TBK of 82 mg/kg (16;148), p = 0.017 was found in the intervention group compared to controls.

Conclusions
Increased potassium intake and MRAs increased TBK gradually and a significant increase was seen after six months. The differentially regulated p-K and TBK challenges current knowledge on potassium homeostasis and the time required before the full potential of p-K increasing treatment can be anticipated.

Trial registration
www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03833089).
El caribe como comunidad cultural en kamau brathwaite y derek walcott
Authors: Teresa Caisso Claudia 
Published: July 2023

El artículo describe la construcción del Caribe expuesta en “Historia de la voz”(1976) y “El lenguaje-nación y la poética del acriollamiento” (1991) del escritor barbadense Kamau Brathwaite. Analiza claves de su teoría cultural como momento germinal de una crítica profunda ala Modernidady el eurocentrismo. Confronta aquella perspectiva con matrices culturales acuñadas por Derek Walcott a los efectos de reconocer convergencias y distancias de ambas poéticas en el proceso de consolidación de la literatura del Caribe anglófono, cuyo pensamiento despliega una confianza profunda en la cultura de la región, la creación de un lenguaje genuino y el cuestionamiento del racismo. En el campo de los estudios caribeños este trabajo contribuye a caracterizar prácticas relevantes de religación sostenidas por escritores que consolidaron la literatura del Caribe anglófono.
Representación narrativa de la violencia y el conflicto armado en la obra En el brazo del río de Marbel Sandoval
Authors: Cárdenas Santamaría Jorge Andrés 
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo de reflexión trata sobre la configuración de las voces narrativas y su representación de la violencia en la obra En el brazo del río de Marbel Sandoval Ordóñez. En él se busca analizar cómo la memoria y la evocación son los elementos narrativos que permiten dar cuenta del enfrentamiento armado que se vive día a día en zonas de guerra; se intenta a su vez, evidenciar cómo las dos voces femeninas presentes en el relato, permiten caracterizar las implicaciones que trae consigo el acto violento y el testimonio vivencial que subyace en contextos de confrontación bélica.
Tiempo de segar la imagen abismal en la poética de jorge eliécer ordóñez
Authors: Fernando Pineda Miyer 
Published: July 2023

El poder de la imagen en el libro Vuelta de campana (1995) del poeta Jorge Ordóñez, ofrece al lector imágenes de su irrupción sobre la fábula kafkiana. De este modo se atestigua la re descripción de los poderes que aplastan al Ser. El escenario conceptual que respalda el análisis proviene de parámetros ofrecidos por la hermenéutica de Ricoeur en diálogo con planteamientos de Bachelard y de Taylor, sobre el problema de la construcción del Yo moderno a partir de la mediación textual. Sobre estos parámetros de inteligibilidad se procede a recorrer la obra y se ofrecen las impresiones a manera de reflexión sobre el lado secreto de la fábula, una de las poéticas que integran el trabajo del grupo Si Mañana despierto, del que el poeta Ordóñez hace parte y del que aún no existen estudios que lo aborden.
Ártico, una lista de Mike Wilson o la palabra como frágil vínculo de la cordura
Authors: Julio Díaz Ayleen 
Published: July 2023

Nieve, un traje de Santa Claus y una voz marcada por una profunda ruptura son los ejes centrales de la narración de Ártico, sexta novela de Mike Wilson y siguiente a la conocida y premiada Leñador (2016) –también publicada por Fiordo–, en la que el escritor argentino-estadounidense radicado en Chile, sigue apostando con la experimentación literaria a través del uso de nuevos procedimientos de escritura que le posibiliten dar otro aire a las letras latinoamericanas.
La tradición oral : elemento de resistencia cultural
Authors: Oviedo Jaramillo Erica Patricia 
Published: July 2023

Este artículo analiza el tópico de la tradición oral como elemento de resistencia cultural, evidenciada en los personajes subalternos de algunos cuentos de la obra ¡Cric Crac! (Mil novecientos treinta y siete, Hijos del mar y un muro de fuego) de la escritora haitiana Edwidge Danticant. Se plantea que los personajes de estos relatos con sentimientos de desarraigo, aun habiendo abandonado sus hogares o estando en su lugar de origen usan su tradición oral y memoria cultural para resistirse ante la cultura dominante que se impone. En este sentido se convierten en esa otredad que estando en su lugar nativo o en un contexto espacial y cultural diferentes al autóctono, denuncian su inconformidad frente a esta y se mantienen como sujetos propiamente identitarios.
Physics-inspired spatiotemporal-graph AI ensemble for gravitational wave detection
Authors: Huerta Eliu , Tian Minyang , Zheng Huihuo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We introduce a novel method for gravitational wave detection that combines: 1) hybrid dilated convolution neural networks to accurately model both short- and long-range temporal sequential information of gravitational wave signals; and 2) graph neural networks to capture spatial correlations among gravitational wave observatories to consistently describe and identify the presence of a signal in a detector network. These spatiotemporal-graph AI models are tested for signal detection of gravitational waves emitted by quasi-circular, non-spinning and quasi-circular, spinning, non-precessing binary black hole mergers. For the latter case, we needed a dataset of 1.2 million modeled waveforms to densely sample this signal manifold. Thus, we reduced time-to-solution by training several AI models in the Polaris supercomputer at the Argonne Leadership Supercomputing Facility within 1.7 hours by distributing the training over 256 NVIDIA A100 GPUs, achieving optimal classification performance. This approach also exhibits strong scaling up to 512 NVIDIA A100 GPUs. We then created ensembles of AI models to process data from a three detector network, namely, the advanced LIGO Hanford and Livingston detectors, and the advanced Virgo detector. An ensemble of 2 AI models achieves state-of-the-art performance for signal detection, and reports seven misclassifications per decade of searched data, whereas an ensemble of 4 AI models achieves optimal performance for signal detection with two misclassifications for every decade of searched data. Finally, when we distributed AI inference over 128 GPUs in the Polaris supercomputer and 128 nodes in the Theta supercomputer, our AI ensemble is capable of processing a decade of gravitational wave data from a three detector network within 3.5 hours, i.e., 2.5×104X faster than real-time. This work underscores the importance of combining advances in AI and supercomputing to address grand challenges in big data physics experiments.
Activating the NFE2L1-ubiquitin-proteasome system by DDI2 protects from ferroptosis
Authors: Bartelt Alexander , Ofoghi Anahita , Kotschi Stefan , Lemmer Imke , Willemsen Nienke , Bayer Batoul , Haas Daniel , Krahmer Natalie , Haberecht Stefanie , Möller Sophie , Krüger Elke 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of cell death initiated by oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Recent evidence has linked ferroptosis to the action of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-2 derived,-like-1 (NFE2L1). NFE2L1 regulates proteasome abundance in an adaptive fashion, maintaining protein quality control to secure cellular homeostasis, but the regulation of NFE2L1 during ferroptosis and the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) herein are still unclear. In the present study, using an unbiased proteomic approach charting the specific ubiquitylation sites, we show that induction of ferroptosis leads to recalibration of the UPS. RSL3-induced ferroptosis inhibits proteasome activity and leads to global hyperubiquitylation, which is linked to NFE2L1 activation. As NFE2L1 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum tethered to the membrane, it undergoes complex posttranslational modification steps to become active and induce the expression of proteasome subunit genes. We show that proteolytic cleavage of NFE2L1 by the aspartyl protease DNA-damage inducible 1 homolog 2 (DDI2) is a critical step for the ferroptosis-induced feed-back loop of proteasome function. Cells lacking DDI2 cannot activate NFE2L1 in response to RSL3 and show global hyperubiquitylation. Genetic or chemical induction of ferroptosis in cells with a disrupted DDI2-NFE2L1 pathway diminishes proteasomal activity and promotes cell death. Also, treating cells with the clinical drug nelfinavir, which inhibits DDI2, sensitized cells to ferroptosis. In conclusion, our results provide new insight into the importance of the UPS in ferroptosis and highlight the role of the DDI2-NFE2L1 as a potential therapeutic target. Manipulating DDI2-NFE2L1 activity through chemical inhibition might help sensitizing cells to ferroptosis, thus enhancing existing cancer therapies.
Bariatric Surgery Alters the Postprandial Recovery From Hypoglycemia, Mediated by Cholinergic Signal
Authors: Salehi Marzieh , Tripathy Devjit , Peterson Richard , Honka Henri , Pezzica Samantha , DeFronzo Ralph , Gastaldelli Amalia 
Published: July 2023

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) surgeries increase prandial insulin and glucagon secretion but reduce the endogenous glucose production (EGP) response to hypoglycemia in comparison with control subjects who had not undergone gastric surgery (CN), suggesting that parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) plays a role. Here, we investigated the effect of acute PNS blockade on the post-meal counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in GB and SG compared with CN. Glucose kinetics and islet cell secretion were measured in nine subjects without diabetes with GB and seven with SG and five CN during hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (∼3.2 mmol/L) combined with meal ingestion on two separate days with and without intravenous atropine infusion. Glucose and hormonal levels were similar at baseline and during steady-state hypoglycemia before meal ingestion in three groups and unaffected by atropine. Atropine infusion diminished prandial systemic appearance of ingested glucose (RaO) by 30%, EGP by 40%, and glucagon response to hypoglycemia by 90% in CN. In GB or SG, blocking PNS had no effect on the RaO or meal-induced hyperglucagonemia but increased EGP in SG without any effect in GB (P &lt; 0.05 interaction). These findings indicate that cholinergic signal contributes to the recovery from hypoglycemia by meal consumption in humans. However, bariatric surgery dissipates PNS-mediated physiologic responses to hypoglycemia in the fed state.

Article Highlights
Rerouted gut after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GB) and, to a lesser degree, after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) leads to larger glucose excursion and lower nadir glucose, predisposing individuals to hypoglycemia. Despite prandial hyperglucagonemia, endogenous glucose production response to hypoglycemia is reduced after GB or SG. Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity plays a key role in regulation of glucose kinetics and islet cell function. We examined the effect of acute PNS blockade on counterregulatory glucose and islet cell response to meal ingestion during insulin-induced hypoglycemia among GB, SG, and control subjects who had not had gastric surgery. Our findings demonstrate that cholinergic signal is critical in the recovery from hypoglycemia by meal ingestion in humans who have not had gastric surgery, although prandial PNS-mediated physiologic responses to hypoglycemia are differentially changed by GB and SG.