bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative HPLC profiling and transcriptome analysis revealed insights into anthocyanin accumulation and key genes at three developmental stages of black rice (Oryza sativa. L) caryopsis
Authors: Mackon Enerand , Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon Guibeline Charlie , Yao Yuhang , Guo Yongqiang , Ma Yafei , Dai Xianggui , Jandan Tahir Hussain , Liu Piqing 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAnthocyanins are plants' secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoid class with potential health-promoting properties. They are greatly employed in the food industry as natural alternative food colorants for dairy and ready-to-eat desserts and pH indicators. These tremendous advantages make them economically important with increasing market trends. Black rice is a rich source of anthocyanin that can be used to ensure food and nutritional security around the world. However, research on anthocyanin accumulation and gene expression during rice caryopsis development is lacking.MethodsIn this study, we combined high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and transcriptome analysis to profile the changes in anthocyanin content and gene expression dynamics at three developmental stages (milky, doughy, and mature).ResultsOur results showed that anthocyanin accumulation started to be visible seven days after flowering (DAF), increased rapidly from milky (11 DAF) to dough stage, then started decreasing after the peak was attained at 18 DAF. RNA-seq showed that 519 out of 14889, 477 out of 17914, and 1614 out of 18810 genes were uniquely expressed in the milky, doughy, and mature stages, respectively. We performed three pairwise comparisons: milky vs. dough, milky vs. mature, and dough vs. mature, and identified 6753, 9540, and 2531 DEGs, respectively. The DEGs' abundance was higher in milky vs. mature, with 5527 up-regulated genes and 4013 down-regulated genes, while it was smaller in dough vs. mature, with 1419 up-regulated genes and 1112 down-regulated DEGs. This result was consistent with the changes in anthocyanin profiling, and the expression of structural, regulatory, and transporter genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis showed their highest expression at the dough stage. Through the gene expression profile and protein interaction network, we deciphered six main contributors of the anthocyanin peak observed at dough stage, including OsANS, OsDFR, OsGSTU34, OsMYB3, OsbHLH015, and OsWD40-50.DiscussionThis study is the first to report the investigation of anthocyanin and gene expression at three developmental stages of black rice caryopsis. The findings of this study could aid in predicting the best harvesting time to achieve maximum anthocyanin content and the best time to collect samples for various gene expression analysis, laying the groundwork for future research into the molecular mechanisms underlying rice caryopsis coloration.
Systematic evolution of bZIP transcription factors in Malvales and functional exploration of AsbZIP14 and AsbZIP41 in Aquilaria sinensis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Ding Xupo , Wang Hao , Chen Huiqin , Dong Wenhua , Zhu Jiahong , Wang Jian , Peng Shiqing , Dai Haofu , Mei Wenli 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAgarwood, the dark-brown resin produced by Aquilaria trees, has been widely used as incense, spice, perfume or traditional medicine and 2-(2-phenethyl) chromones (PECs) are the key markers responsible for agarwood formation. But the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanism of PECs were still not illuminated. The transcription factor of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) presented the pivotal regulatory roles in various secondary metabolites biosynthesis in plants, which might also contribute to regulate PECs biosynthesis. However, molecular evolution and function of bZIP are rarely reported in Malvales plants, especially in Aquilaria trees.Methods and resultsHere, 1,150 bZIPs were comprehensively identified from twelve Malvales and model species genomes and the evolutionary process were subsequently analyzed. Duplication types and collinearity indicated that bZIP is an ancient or conserved TF family and recent whole genome duplication drove its evolution. Interesting is that fewer bZIPs in A. sinensis than that species also experienced two genome duplication events in Malvales. 62 AsbZIPs were divided into 13 subfamilies and gene structures, conservative domains, motifs, cis-elements, and nearby genes of AsbZIPs were further characterized. Seven AsbZIPs in subfamily D were significantly regulated by ethylene and agarwood inducer. As the typical representation of subfamily D, AsbZIP14 and AsbZIP41 were localized in nuclear and potentially regulated PECs biosynthesis by activating or suppressing type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) genes expression via interaction with the AsPKS promoters.DiscussionOur results provide a basis for molecular evolution of bZIP gene family in Malvales and facilitate the understanding the potential functions of AsbZIP in regulating 2-(2-phenethyl) chromone biosynthesis and agarwood formation.
Polish version of the Aesthetic Experience Questionnaire: validation and psychometric characteristics
Authors: Świątek Agata Hiacynta , Szcześniak Małgorzata , Wojtkowiak Karolina , Stempień Michał , Chmiel Marianna 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of the article is to present the results of works on the Polish version of the Aesthetic Experience Questionnaire (AEQ). The AEQ is a 22-item tool for assessing aesthetic experience in the following dimensions: emotional, cultural, perceptual, understanding, and two dimensions about flow (proximal conditions and flow experience).MethodsIn the course of works on the Polish version of the AEQ, 3 independent studies with the participation of more than 800 people were carried out. In addition to the AEQ measurement, the tools included: the Emotion Regulation Strategies for Artistic Creative Activities Scale, the Brief Music in Mood Regulation, the Aesthetic Competence Scale, the Aesthetic Processing Preference Scale, the Need for Cognition Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Scale, the Material Values Scale and the Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale.ResultsThe results obtained in the three studies through Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated the compliance of the factor structure of the Polish version of the AEQ with the original and its good psychometric characteristics. It was also shown that the overall result and individual components of the aesthetic experience correlate positively with emotion regulation through artistic creative activities and mood regulation through music, aesthetic competences (music, literature, plastic arts, film), cognitive curiosity and some dimensions of aesthetic processing preferences. The studies also proved a very weak positive relationship between aesthetic experience and meaning of life. The assumption about a negative correlation between aesthetic experience and depression or materialism was not confirmed.DiscussionThe Polish version of the AEQ is a credible psychometric measurement and encourages scientists to design research on the psychology of art and aesthetics in the Polish cultural conditions.
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Centro region of Portugal: a population based study of school age children within the ASDEU project
Authors: Rasga Célia , Santos João Xavier , Café Cátia , Oliveira Alexandra , Duque Frederico , Posada Manuel , Nunes Ana , Oliveira Guiomar , Vicente Astrid Moura 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAccurate prevalence estimates for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are fundamental to adequately program medical and educational resources for children. However, estimates vary globally and across Europe, and it is therefore wise to conduct epidemiological studies in defined geo-cultural contexts.MethodsWe used a population screening approach to estimate the prevalence of ASD in the Centro region of Portugal, using a harmonized protocol as part of the Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union (ASDEU) project.ResultsThe overall prevalence was estimated at 0.5% (95% CI 0.3–0.7), higher in schools with Autism Units (3.3%, 95%CI 2.7–3.9) than in regular schools (0.3%, 95% CI 0.1–0.5) or schools with Multiple Disability Units (0.3%, 95% CI 0.04–0.6).DiscussionThe results indicate that the diagnosis of ASD is followed by the most effective educational policies in Centro Region. The variability in prevalence estimates across the different regions from the ASDEU project, and globally, is discussed.
Occupational factors and low back pain: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Zifeng , Feng Wubing , Jin Qi 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is a common condition and a leading cause of health function loss worldwide. This study assessed the impact of occupational factors on LBP using Mendelian Randomization (MR) method, controlling for confounding variables.MethodsBased on publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS), two-sample univariate and multivariate MR analyses were performed to assess the causal effect of occupational factors on LBP. We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and sensitivity analyses to generate the total results for the univariate MR analysis. Furthermore, we performed multivariate MR analysis to assess the direct causal association between occupational factors and LBP after accounting for potential confounding variables.ResultsThe total causal effect of genetically predicted job involves heavy manual or physical work on LBP was found to be significant (IVW OR, 2.117; 95% CI, 1,288–3.479; p = 0.003). Upon adjusting for potential confounding variables, the direct effect of job involves heavy manual or physical work on LBP remained statistically significant. Similarly, the total causal effect of genetically predicted job involves mainly walking or standing on LBP was also found to be significant (IVW OR, 1.429; 95% CI, 1,035–1.975; p = 0.030). However, upon adjusting for potential confounding variables, the direct effect of job involves mainly walking or standing on LBP became insignificant. In contrast, the findings from the MR analysis indicated a lack of association between work/job satisfaction and LBP. Sensitivity analysis consistently supported these trends.ConclusionOur results supported a causal link between job involves heavy manual or physical work and increased risk of LBP, while finding no significant associations between prolonged walking/standing at work, job satisfaction, and LBP, providing valuable insights for the development of targeted prevention and intervention strategies for LBP.
Impact of the progressive uptake of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of invasive pneumococcal disease in Gipuzkoa, northern Spain, 1998–2022
Authors: Manzanal Ayla , Vicente Diego , Alonso Marta , Azkue Nekane , Ercibengoa Maria , Marimón José María 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo analyze the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) and pneumococcal antibiotic resistance in Gipuzkoa, northern Spain for a 25 years period.MethodsAll cases of IPD confirmed by culture between 1998 and 2022 in a population of around 427,416 people were included. Pneumococci were serotyped and antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by the EUCAST guidelines.ResultsOverall, 1,516 S. pneumoniae isolates were collected. Annual IPD incidence rates (per 100,000 people) declined from 19.9 in 1998–2001 to 11.5 in 2017–19 (42.2% reduction), especially in vaccinated children (from 46.7 to 24.9) and non-vaccinated older adult individuals (from 48.0 to 23.6). After PCV13 introduction, the decrease in the incidence of infections caused by PCV13 serotypes was balanced by the increase in the incidence of non-PCV13 serotypes. In the pandemic year of 2020, IPD incidence was the lowest: 2.81. The annual incidence rates of penicillin-resistant isolates also decreased, from 4.91 in 1998–2001 to 1.49 in 2017–19 and 0.70 in 2020. Since 2017, serotypes 14, 19A, and 11A have been the most common penicillin-resistant types. The incidence of erythromycin-resistant strains declined, from 3.65 to 1.73 and 0.70 in the same years.ConclusionPCV use was associated with declines in the incidence of IPD and the spread of non-vaccine serotypes, that balanced the beneficial effect off PCV13, some of them showing high rates of antibiotic resistance.
Mode selection of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction of traditional villages using dependency analytic process: taking Xiluo-Buzi village in the 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake as an example
Authors: Huang Chao , Qiu Jian , Huang Tianmin 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionTraditional villages are precious historical and cultural heritage sites. The selection of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction (PERR) mode directly affects the village cultural heritage protection and the development direction of post-disaster reconstruction. A scientific and comprehensive feasibility evaluation for selecting the PERR mode of traditional villages can provide sufficient evidence for the recovery efforts in earthquake-stricken villages.MethodThe author summarizes three PERR modes and constructs an evaluation index system for the selection of PERR modes of traditional villages. Based on the interrelationship of the indicators, the author has preliminarily established the Dependency Analytic Process (DAP), Based on this method, a model of traditional village PERR mode selection is constructed, and an empirical analysis is carried out in the case of the earthquake-stricken area of Xieluo-buzi Village in 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake, to discuss the selection of PERR modes of traditional villages.ResultsThe authors have explored the application of the DAP in the selection of PERR modes for traditional villages and verified the effectiveness of the method. Since a large amount of actual research work is required to conduct an assessment, it is believed that with the widespread applications of the DAP, its superiority and practicality will be further demonstrated.ConclusionThe protection of traditional villages is a dynamic protection process, in which the will of the indigenous people is respected, the social network of the indigenous people is maintained, and the fair rights of the indigenous people to participate in the implementation of the project and to enjoy the preferential policies and resource benefits are guaranteed, as they are the real main body of the heritage protection, so that the traditional village ethnic heritage can be inherited and developed permanently in the protection. DAP is applicable to the comprehensive evaluation of multiple factors, particularly in situations where the importance of the indicators is difficult to be distinguished from each other. This is a new method to determine the weight vector, which has a broad application prospect.
La biografia según Borges : teoria y prácticas
Authors: Lefère Robin 
Published: August 2023

« La biographie selon Borges : théorie et pratique ».
Bien qu'il soit douteux que la vaste œuvre de Borges offre une seule biographie proprement dite (en dépit de Evaristo Carriego et des « biografias sintéticas »), on y trouve en revanche maints textes, de l'essai au poème en passant par le prologue, qui relèvent de la pratique biographique (à divers degrés et de façon plus ou moins atypique). Leur problématique typologie doit notamment mettre en évidence la poésie hétérobiographique aux troisième, deuxième et même première personne. Cette multiple et continuelle hétérobiographie doit se comprendre par rapport à la pratique jumelle de l'autobiographie et toutes deux en fonction d'une écriture fondamentalement auto-biographique qui tend à la révélation d'une essence personnelle et impersonnelle, entre autoportrait et automythographie.
Expression of p53 in a Tumor as a Predictor of the Effectiveness of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer IA–IIB Stages
Authors: Курчин В.П. , Бамбиза А.В. , Смолякова Р.М. , Готько О.В. 
Published: August 2023

Цель. Изучить влияние уровня экспрессии p53 на эффективность адъювантной химиотерапии радикально оперированных пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком легкого (НМРЛ) I–IIB стадии и возможности его использования в качестве предиктивного маркера для назначения адъювантной химиотерапии (АХТ). Материалы и методы. В период с 2008 по 2012 г. на базе РНПЦ ОМР им. Н.Н. Александрова проведено рандомизированное исследование, целью которого явилось повышение эффективности радикального лечения пациентов с НМРЛ IA–IIB стадии путем применения АХТ комбинацией препаратов цисплатин и винорелбин (цисплатин 80 мг/м2 в 1-й день, винорелбин 30 мг/м2 в 1-й и 8-й дни). АХТ проводилась с 14–21 суток неосложненного послеоперационного периода. Всего проводилось 4 курса с интервалом между курсами в 3 недели. У всех пациентов оценивалась экспрессия р53 в опухоли. Результаты. Молекулярный маркер p53 может играть роль критерия при отборе пациентов для адъювантного лечения, предсказывая высокую эффективность АХТ при негативной или слабопозитивной экспрессии тканевого антигена p53, если окрашено менее 15% окрашенных ядер опухолевых клеток. Заключение. Показатель экспрессии p53 <15% может служить критерием для отбора пациентов после хирургического лечения для проведения АХТ.
Purpose. To study the effect of the p53 expression level on the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in radically operated patients with stage I–IIB NSCLC and the possibility of its use as a predictive marker for the prescription of ACT Materials and methods. In the period from 2008 to 2012, on the basis of the RSPC OMR named after. N.N. Aleksandrov, a randomized study was conducted, the purpose of which was to increase the effectiveness of radical treatment of patients with stage IA–IIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by using adjuvant chemotherapy with a combination of cisplatin and vinorelbine (cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1, vinorelbine 30 mg/m2 in 1st and 8th days). ACT was performed from 14–21 days of the uncomplicated postoperative period. A total of 4 courses were conducted with an interval between courses of 3 weeks. In all patients, the expression of p53 in the tumor was evaluated. Results. The p53 molecular marker can play the role of a criterion in the selection of patients for adjuvant treatment, predicting the high efficiency of ACT with negative or weakly positive expression of the p53 tissue antigen, if less than 15% of stained tumor cell nuclei are stained. Conclusion. The p53 expression index <15% can be a criterion for selecting patients after surgical treatment for ACT.
On a conjecture for the algebraic transfer in generic families of internal degrees
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng 
Published: August 2023

<p>The binary field will be symbolized as $\mathbb F_2$ in the customary manner, whilst the Steenrod algebra over this field shall be written as $\mathscr A.$ In this paper, we study Singer's conjecture [Math. Z. \textbf{202} (1989), 493-523] for the algebraic transfers of ranks 5 and 6 in the generic families of internal degrees. The Singer algebraic transfer stands as a valuable instrument for unraveling the intricate structure of the cohomology ${\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{s,k} := {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{s}(\mathbb F_2, \Sigma^{k}\mathbb F_2)$ of $\mathscr A.$ Remarkably, we have shown that the indecomposable element $y\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{6,44}$ is not in the image of the sixth algebraic transfer. </p>
The “prince of anatomists” Paolo Mascagni and the modernity of his approach to teaching through the anatomical tables of his Anatomia universa. A pioneer and innovator in medical education at the end of the 18th century and the creator of unique anatomica
Authors: Martini Mariano , Orsini Davide 
Published: August 2023

In the wake of the great anatomists, Paolo Mascagni introduced important innovations into the methods of studying anatomy, as revealed both by his writings and, especially, by his approach to the analysis of anatomical sciences. He devoted his whole life to the study of anatomy, which he considered a mainstay of medical education.
Mascagni’s great originality in this field lay in the fact that he designed new, modern tools for the teaching of anatomy – tools that enabled students to gain greater understanding of the human body even in the absence of dissection, which was regarded as indispensable in those days.
His two most important results were the first description of the lymphatic system and the clear and precise anatomical tables of the Anatomia Universa. This “modern and evocative anatomical atlas” was the first to present precise, life-size drawings of the human body.
The present overview aims to illustrate the modernity of this great scientist, his approach to the study of anatomy, his meticulous attention to topographical anatomy, and the utility of his innovative methods, which were to mark the evolution of medical education for many years.
Climate Change and Biodiversity: A Review on Understanding the Global and Local Impacts of Warming on The Ecosystems
Authors: Muhsin Eman Abbas , Hussain Basim A. , Hammadi Alaa M. , Khalaf Hahrazad A. 
Published: August 2023

Some living organisms have been eliminated in some ecosystems, while some diseases have recently been caused due to extreme climate changes nowadays which have been affected by greenhouse gases which disturb the ecosystems. To an extent, the temperature of Earth's planet has increased markedly over the last 100.000 years. This increment can strongly affect the normal existence of a large number of living beings such as animals, plants, and microorganisms. Human life span has been decreased due to the harsh conditions in ecosystems and as one of the consequences of global warming; besides the pathogens, like bacteria, viruses and parasites, have become more resistant to disinfectants and to novel antimicrobial agents much more than before. The production and cultivation of some crops and numerous plant species become harder as a result of high salinity and decreases rainfall. Since 2007, forestation and drought have been the most obvious manifestations in many countries, especially in Iraqi lands leading to the migration of people and some animals like birds away from them. Cattle and some animals like deer and fish have been in a limited number tending to extinction in some Iraqi areas. This review has been prepared to document the global and local impacts of climate change on biodiversity.
Assessment of alpha emitters in urine for thyroid diseases patients by CR-39 technique
Authors: Alebadi Shireen N. , Najy Hady Heiyam 
Published: August 2023

Background: We can inhale, consume, or absorb the substances, causing internal irradiation. Internal and external dosages are similar everywhere. Alpha particles are heavier and more charged than ordinary ionizing radiation, which damages living tissues more. Food and air contain radioactive isotopes.
Materials: The CR-39 detector technique was used to determine the alpha emissions that were present in urine samples of patients by finding their percentage. CR-39 is a simple and convenient method for the determination of alpha emission in biological samples.
Results: We found the rate of alpha emission in urine samples in mBq.cm-2 to be the following: (0.063± 0.042) thyroid disorders < (0.069± 0.038)control< (0.076± 0.052) Papillary thyroid carcinoma