bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary app for patients with kidney disease: Qualitative evaluation of a prototype
Authors: Suder Louise Birk , Ivarsen Per , Førrisdahl Lisbeth , Christensen Mette R. , Streubel‐Kristensen Lise , Sørensen Anni , Finderup Jeanette 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividual dietary recommendations change as loss of kidney function progresses. Adopting these recommendations in everyday life poses major challenges for patients. Individualising dietary counselling is crucial to easy accessibility.AimTo investigate patients’ needs with regard to a dietary app for patients with chronic kidney disease, patients’, and health professionals’ immediate responses to such a dietary app and suggestions for improvement and further development of a prototype.DesignA prototype of the dietary app has been developed and demonstrates how all information it provides can be tailored to the individual patient according to stage of disease, anthropometrics, and phosphate and potassium levels. A qualitative evaluation of the prototype was conducted using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist for reporting.ApproachSeven individual interviews and four focus groups were analysed using interpretive description.ParticipantsIndividual interviews with seven patients who have stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease and are not on dialysis, and four focus groups: one with participants from the individual interviews, one with six patients on haemodialysis, one with 13 kidney dieticians and one with seven health professionals.FindingsBoth patients and healthcare professionals were positive about the app. Individualisation is necessary for the app to work in practice. The patients reported access to a diet diary and recipes as important elements.ConclusionThere is a need to improve the tools we use today to enhance patient adherence to dietary recommendations. The development of an app for individual dietary counselling could be a useful solution.
Suboptimal environmental conditions prolong phage epidemics in bacterial populations
Authors: Goehlich Henry , Roth Olivia , Sieber Michael , Chibani Cynthia M. , Poehlein Anja , Rajkov Jelena , Liesegang Heiko , Wendling Carolin C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInfections by filamentous phages, which are usually nonlethal to the bacterial cells, influence bacterial fitness in various ways. While phage‐encoded accessory genes, for example virulence genes, can be highly beneficial, the production of viral particles is energetically costly and often reduces bacterial growth. Consequently, if costs outweigh benefits, bacteria evolve resistance, which can shorten phage epidemics. Abiotic conditions are known to influence the net‐fitness effect for infected bacteria. Their impact on the dynamics and trajectories of host resistance evolution, however, remains yet unknown. To address this, we experimentally evolved the bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus in the presence of a filamentous phage at three different salinity levels, that is (1) ambient, (2) 50% reduction and (3) fluctuations between reduced and ambient. In all three salinities, bacteria rapidly acquired resistance through super infection exclusion (SIE), whereby phage‐infected cells acquired immunity at the cost of reduced growth. Over time, SIE was gradually replaced by evolutionary fitter surface receptor mutants (SRM). This replacement was significantly faster at ambient and fluctuating conditions compared with the low saline environment. Our experimentally parameterized mathematical model explains that suboptimal environmental conditions, in which bacterial growth is slower, slow down phage resistance evolution ultimately prolonging phage epidemics. Our results may explain the high prevalence of filamentous phages in natural environments where bacteria are frequently exposed to suboptimal conditions and constantly shifting selections regimes. Thus, our future ocean may favour the emergence of phage‐born pathogenic bacteria and impose a greater risk for disease outbreaks, impacting not only marine animals but also humans.
Health comparisons between active and inactive transport modes in urban adults with chronic conditions: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hong Hsien‐Jang , Huang Wen‐Hsin , Yen Hsin‐Yen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn active transport mode provides an opportunity for integrating physical activity into one's daily life through walking, cycling, and the use of public transportation. The purpose of this study was to compare urban adults with chronic conditions who used active and inactive transport modes and to find differences in their health outcomes. A cross‐sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to May 2020. Participants were urban adults who self‐reported being overweight or obese, or having a diagnosis of chronic disease. Anonymous structured self‐reported questionnaires were used for data collection, including the World Health Organization Quality‐of‐Life Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short‐Form, and the frequency of eight modes of transportation. According to differences between the frequency score of weekly active and inactive transportation, participants were categorized into inactive, balanced, and active transport modes. In total, 617 valid responses were obtained. Participants who engaged in an active transport mode were found to have significantly less sedentary time, and better comprehensive, social, and environmental aspects of quality of life than those with an inactive transport mode. Engaging in active transportation and avoiding inactive transportation are recommended for urban adults with chronic diseases.
E3 ligase ATL5 positively regulates seed longevity by mediating the degradation of ABT1 in Arabidopsis
Authors: He Wenping , Wang Run , Zhang Qi , Fan Mingxia , Lyu Yuanyuan , Chen Shuai , Chen Defu , Chen Xiwen 
Published: June 2023

Summary

Ubiquitination is a fundamental mechanism regulating the stability of target proteins in eukaryotes; however, the regulatory mechanism in seed longevity remains unknown. Here, we report that an uncharacterized E3 ligase, ARABIDOPSIS TÓXICOS EN LEVADURA 5 (ATL5), positively regulates seed longevity by mediating the degradation of ACTIVATOR OF BASAL TRANSCRIPTION 1 (ABT1) in Arabidopsis.

Seeds in which ATL5 was disrupted showed faster accelerated aging than the wild‐type, while expressing ATL5 in atl5‐2 basically restored the defective phenotype. ATL5 was highly expressed in the embryos of seeds, and its expression could be induced by accelerated aging.

A yeast two‐hybrid screen identified ABT1 as an ATL5 interacting protein, which was further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementary assay and co‐immunoprecipitation analysis. In vitro and in vivo assays showed that ATL5 functions as an E3 ligase and mediates the polyubiquitination and degradation of ABT1. Disruption of ATL5 diminished the degradation of translated ABT1, and the degradation could be induced by seed ageing and occurred in a proteasome‐dependent manner. Furthermore, disruption of ABT1 enhanced seed longevity.

Taken together, our study reveals that ATL5 promotes the polyubiquitination and degradation of the ABT1 protein posttranslationally and positively regulates seed longevity in Arabidopsis.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 in periapical pathoses: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Arduino Paolo G. , Alovisi Mario , Petti Stefano 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies was to assess whether herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) can infect endodontic periapical lesions.Materials and MethodsStudies with cross‐sectional design investigating HSV‐1 in periapical tissues of patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic acute and chronic apical periodontitis were searched through MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Pooled HSV‐1 prevalence proportion with 95% confidence interval (95CI) in periapical lesions was assessed with both fixed‐effect and random‐effects models, with/without adjustment for study quality and publication bias. Result robustness was investigated through sensitivity and subgroup analyses.ResultsLiterature search, performed twice, provided 84 items, and eight remained for the meta‐analysis; globally, there were 194 patients mostly adults. The pooled HSV‐1 prevalence proportions, assessed with various methods, were 6.9% (95CI, 3.8–11.3%, fixed‐effect); 6.8% (95CI, 3.6–11.0%, random‐effects); 8.1% (95CI, 4.4–14.5%, quality‐adjusted); and 4.8% (95CI, 2.0–11.4%; adjusted for small‐study effect).ConclusionsThe results indicated that HSV‐1 can colonize the periapical tissues of 3%–11% patients with periapical diseases. Such data do not imply a causative role of HSV‐1 in disease development and advancement. Well‐designed and large‐sized prospective cohort studies should be added in the literature panorama.
Exploring within‐plant hydraulic trait variation: A test of the vulnerability segmentation hypothesis
Authors: Wilkening Jean V. , Skelton Robert P. , Feng Xue , Dawson Todd E. , Thompson Sally E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObservations show vulnerability segmentation between stems and leaves is highly variable within and between environments. While a number of species exhibit conventional vulnerability segmentation (stem leaf ), others exhibit no vulnerability segmentation and others reverse vulnerability segmentation (stem leaf ). We developed a hydraulic model to test hypotheses about vulnerability segmentation and how it interacts with other traits to impact plant conductance. We do this using a series of experiments across a broad parameter space and with a case study of two species with contrasting vulnerability segmentation patterns: Quercus douglasii and Populus trichocarpa. We found that while conventional vulnerability segmentation helps to preserve conductance in stem tissues, reverse vulnerability segmentation can better maintain conductance across the combined stem‐leaf hydraulic pathway, particularly when plants have more vulnerable s and have hydraulic segmentation with greater resistance in the leaves. These findings show that the impacts of vulnerability segmentation are dependent upon other plant traits, notably hydraulic segmentation, a finding that could assist in the interpretation of variable observations of vulnerability segmentation. Further study is needed to examine how vulnerability segmentation impacts transpiration rates and recovery from water stress.
A semiautomated risk assessment method for consumer products
Authors: Zaman Nohel , Goldberg David M. , Gruss Richard J. , Abrahams Alan S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we develop a model that assesses product risk using online reviews from Amazon.com. We first identify unique words and phrases capable of identifying hazards. Second, we estimate risk severity using hazard type weights and risk likelihood using total reviews as a proxy for sales volume. In addition, we obtain expert assessments of product hazard risk (risk likelihood and severity) from a sample of high‐ and low‐risk consumer products identified by a computerized risk assessment model we have developed. Third, we assess the validity of our computerized product risk assessment scoring model by utilizing the experts’ survey responses. We find that our model is especially consistent with expert judgments of hazard likelihood but not as consistent with expert judgments of hazard severity. This model helps organizations to determine the risk severity, risk likelihood, and overall risk level of a specific product. The model produced by this study is helpful for product safety practitioners in product risk identification, characterization, and mitigation.
Injections of platelet‐rich plasma prepared by automatic blood cell separator combined with topical 5% minoxidil in the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhang Yuanjing , Long Binman , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Chi , Zhang Siping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has been increasingly accepted as a potential therapy in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA), However, there remains a dearth of data on the effectiveness of PRP prepared by automatic blood cell separator with a combination of topical minoxidil for the treatment of AGA.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRP prepared by automatic blood cell separator combined with topical 5% minoxidil therapy in male AGA.MethodsThirty male patients with mild/moderate AGA were enrolled in a randomized double‐blind controlled study. Patients were randomly divided into two treatment arms: (group A) PRP prepared by automatic blood cell separator combined with topical 5% minoxidil group; (group B) PRP prepared by automatic blood cell separator combined with a topical placebo group. Trichoscopic assessments regarding hair density/quantity and mean hair diameter were performed at baseline and follow‐up. Clinical efficacy of global photography and patient satisfaction were conducted to verify the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded.ResultsWe detected a significant increase in all patients in hair density and quantity after PRP treatment (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in mean hair diameter. Although hair density/quantity was more pronounced in group A than in group B, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In terms of clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction, group A was superior to group B, and no serious adverse reactions occurred.ConclusionWe hereby conclude that the injections of PRP prepared by an automated method are effective and safe in the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate male AGA patients, and its combination with topical 5% minoxidil therapy was superior to PRP monotherapy with better clinical efficacy and higher patient satisfaction.
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of tertiary androgenetic alopecia with severe alopecia areata based on high‐resolution MRI
Authors: Ye Yujie , Wang Yuting , Zhu Jingfeng , Huang Renjun , Yu Qiuyu , Zhang Jingwen , Chen Xinyi , Wei Zifan , Han Yunjian , Zhou Naihui , Li Ping , Li Yonggang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and aimNo previous study investigated the anatomical changes of the scalp and hair follicles between tertiary androgenetic alopecia and severe alopecia areata using high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR‐MRI). This study aimed to explore the value of HR‐MRI in assessing alopecia.Materials and methodsForty‐eight people were included in this study. The imaging indicators of the vertex and occipital scalp were recorded and compared. The logistic regression model was developed for the indicators that differed between tertiary androgenetic alopecia and severe alopecia areata. The receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the model for tertiary androgenetic alopecia and severe alopecia areata.ResultsAt the vertex, the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue layer, follicle depth, relative follicle depth, total number of follicles within a 2‐cm distance, and number of strands reaching the middle and upper third of the subcutaneous fat layer within a 2‐cm distance were statistically different between patients with tertiary androgenetic alopecia, those with severe alopecia areata, and healthy volunteers (p < 0.05). The logistic regression model suggested that the subcutaneous tissue layer thickness was important in discriminating tertiary androgenetic alopecia from severe alopecia areata. The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and best cutoff values of the subcutaneous tissue layer were 0.886, 94.4%, 70%, and 4.31 mm, respectively.ConclusionsHR‐MRI can observe the changes in anatomical structures of the scalp and hair follicles in patients with alopecia. HR‐MRI can be applied to the differential diagnosis of tertiary androgenetic alopecia and severe alopecia areata.
Prevalence of sleep disturbances in people with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Mo Wenping , Liu Xiaoji , Yamakawa Miyae 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
This review will determine the prevalence of sleep disturbances in individuals with mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction:
Mild cognitive impairment is regarded as a transitional state between normal functioning and dementia, and has a high likelihood of conversion to dementia. Individuals with mild cognitive impairment may suffer more severe sleep disturbances compared with normal older people. In some studies, sleep disturbances were associated with significantly higher odds of mild cognitive impairment. There is a need for prevalence estimates of sleep disturbances in people with mild cognitive impairment based on the currently available literature to guide clinical health care professionals and public health policies.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will consider studies reporting on the prevalence of sleep disturbances in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, using validated instruments, including subjective and/or objective measures. Studies will be excluded if the participants report sleep-related breathing or movement disorders. Studies using only the Mini-Mental State Examination to diagnose mild cognitive impairment will also be excluded.

Methods:
The review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence. The MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Cochrane Library (CDSR and CENTRAL), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases will be systematically searched from inception to the present with no language limitations. Analytical observational studies, including prospective and retrospective cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, will be considered. Two reviewers will independently conduct the study selection, critical appraisal, and data extraction. Methodological quality will be evaluated using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data. A meta-analysis will be conducted to synthesize the prevalence data, where possible.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO (CRD42022366108)
A Computational Model of Ventricular Dimensions and Hemodynamics in Growing Infants
Authors: Hiebing Ashley A. , Pieper Riley G. , Witzenburg Colleen M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Previous computer models have successfully predicted cardiac growth and remodeling in adults with pathologies. However, applying these models to infants is complicated by the fact that they also undergo normal, somatic cardiac growth and remodeling. Therefore, we designed a computational model to predict ventricular dimensions and hemodynamics in healthy, growing infants by modifying an adult canine left ventricular growth model. The heart chambers were modeled as time-varying elastances coupled to a circuit model of the circulation. Circulation parameters were allometrically scaled and adjusted for maturation to simulate birth through 3 yrs of age. Ventricular growth was driven by perturbations in myocyte strain. The model successfully matched clinical measurements of pressures, ventricular and atrial volumes, and ventricular thicknesses within two standard deviations of multiple infant studies. To test the model, we input 10th and 90th percentile infant weights. Predicted volumes and thicknesses decreased and increased within normal ranges and pressures were unchanged. When we simulated coarctation of the aorta, systemic blood pressure, left ventricular thickness, and left ventricular volume all increased, following trends in clinical data. Our model enables a greater understanding of somatic and pathological growth in infants with congenital heart defects. Its flexibility and computational efficiency when compared to models employing more complex geometries allow for rapid analysis of pathological mechanisms affecting cardiac growth and hemodynamics.
Off-Axis Loading Fixture for Spine Biomechanics: Combined Compression and Bending
Authors: Moore Axel C. , Holder Dione A. , Elliott Dawn M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The spine is a multi-tissue musculoskeletal system that supports large multi-axial loads and motions during physiological activities. The healthy and pathological biomechanical function of the spine and its subtissues are generally studied using cadaveric specimens that often require multi-axis biomechanical test systems to mimic the complex loading environment of the spine. Unfortunately, an off-the-shelf device can easily exceed 200,000 USD, while a custom device requires extensive time and experience in mechatronics. Our goal was to develop a cost-appropriate compression and bending (flexion–extension and lateral bending) spine testing system that requires little time and minimal technical knowledge. Our solution was an off-axis loading fixture (OLaF) that mounts to an existing uni-axial test frame and requires no additional actuators. OLaF requires little machining, with most components purchased off-the-shelf, and costs less than 10,000 USD. The only external transducer required is a six-axis load cell. Furthermore, OLaF is controlled using the existing uni-axial test frame's software, while the load data is collected using the software included with the six-axis load cell. Here we provide the design rationale for how OLaF develops primary motions and loads and minimizes off-axis secondary constraints, verify the primary kinematics using motion capture, and demonstrate that the system is capable of applying physiologically relevant, noninjurious, axial compression and bending. While OLaF is limited to compression and bending studies it produces repeatable physiologically relevant biomechanics, with high quality data, and minimal startup costs.
Segmented Line Heat Source Model for Thermal Radiation Calculation of Jet Fires in Chemical Plants
Authors: Liu Mingwei , Wang Yuanxin , Luo Lijia , Bao Shiyi , Jia Bo , Li Xuesheng , Ding Wuji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The jet fire caused by the leakage of combustible materials is one of the biggest threats to the safety of chemical plants. Thermal radiation of the jet fire brings severe damage to nearby facilities and people's health. To evaluate the damage of jet fires, a precise model for the calculation of thermal radiation is indispensable. Classical thermal radiation models of jet fires either have a lower prediction accuracy or a higher computation complexity. To overcome such deficiencies, this paper proposes a novel segmented line heat source (SLHS) model for jet fires. Because the length of the jet fire is often much larger than the width, the jet fire is viewed as a line heat source, with all the heat radiated from the centerline of the jet fire. The jet fire is divided into three segments along the flame length according to the temperature distribution and thermal radiation characteristics of the flame. Based on the SLHS model, three types of thermal radiation models called cone-cylinder-cone, ellipsoid-cylinder-ellipsoid, and ellipsoid-cylinder-cone models are built for computing the radiant heat flux distribution around the jet fire. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed models are illustrated with the experimental data and a numerical simulation.