bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of melatonin deficiency induced by pinealectomy on motor activity and anxiety responses in young adult, middle-aged and old rats
Authors: Tchekalarova Jana , Krushovlieva Desislava , Ivanova Petj , Nenchovska Zlatina , Toteva Gergana , Atanasova Milena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Aging affects anxiety levels in rats while the pineal gland, via its hormone melatonin, could modulate their inherited life “clock.” The present study aimed to explore the impact of plasma melatonin deficiency on anxiety responses and the possible involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and heat shock proteins (Hsp) 70 and 90 in the frontal cortex (FC) and the hippocampus in young adult, middle-aged and elderly rats with pinealectomy.
Results
Melatonin deficiency induced at different life stages did not affect the lifespan of rats. Pinealectomy abolished the circadian rhythm of motor activity, measured for 48 h in the actimeter, in young adult but not in middle-aged rats. Both 18-month-old sham- and rats with pinealectomy exhibited impaired circadian variations of motor activity. The same generations (3- and 18-month-old rats with pinealectomy) had lower anxiety levels than the matched sham groups, measured in three tests: elevated-plus maze, light-dark test, and novelty suppressing feeding test. While the activity of the HPA axis remained intact in young adult and middle-aged rats with melatonin deficiency, high baseline corticosterone level and blunted stress-induced mechanism of its release was detected in the oldest rats. Age-associated reduced Hsp 70 and 90 levels in the FC but not in the hippocampus were detected. Pinealectomy diminished the expression of Hsp 70 in the FC of middle-aged rats compared to the matched sham rats.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that while melatonin hormonal dysfunction impaired the circadian variations of motor activity and emotional behavior in young adult and elderly rats, the underlying pathogenic mechanism in these generations might be different and needs further verification.
Impact of cover crops on population density of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans.
Authors: Taning Lirette Menyen , Lippens Louis , Formesyn Ellen , Fleerakkers Sander , Wesemael Wim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In Belgium and worldwide, agriculture has been under threat from plant-parasitic nematodes. Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) cause yield loss in many vegetable, arable and horticultural crops. Increased use of cover crops can affect population build ups. This study evaluated the reproductive potential of Pratylenchus penetrans on different cultivars of cover crops both, in pot tests and field experiments. Twenty three different cultivars were evaluated against P. penetrans at low (10 P. penetrans per 100 cm³ soil) and high (100 P. penetrans per 100 cm³ soil) initial inoculum density in a pot experiment under glasshouse conditions. Based on their reproductive factor (Rf) after 8 weeks, they were classified under five different categories: Non-host, Poor host, Maintenance host, Good host, and Excellent host. At low Pi, fodder radish 'Defender' and 'Doublet' and birds foot trefoil 'Lotar' were poor hosts. At high Pi, birds foot trefoil 'Lotar' and 'Franco', fodder radish 'Doublemax', 'Maximus' and 'Contra', black oat 'Pratex', phacelia 'Natra', Italian ryegrass 'Meroa' and 'Fedra', rye 'Dukato' and 'Matador' reduced the P. penetrans population. Under field conditions, fodder radish 'Doublet', Japanese oat 'Delux', yellow mustard 'Chacha', Phacelia 'Natra', Italian ryegrass 'Fedra' and Tagetes patula reduced the root-lesion nematode population. The infectious process of P. penetrans on some of these cultivars proven to be poor host was screened using Cone tainers™. Penetration, development and multiplication of P. penetrans was assessed. The information opens possibilities for further resistance breeding. Based on our results we can conclude that with proper choice of selected cultivars of cover crops, P. penetrans can be controlled but that further breeding efforts are needed.
The dynamical analysis of a nonlocal predator-prey model with cannibalism
Authors: Duan Daifeng , Niu Ben , Wei Junjie , Yuan Yuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cannibalism is often an extreme interaction in the animal species to quell competition for limited resources. To model this important factor, we improve the predator-prey model with nonlocal competition effect by incorporating cannibalism term, different kernels for competition is considered in this model numerically. We give the critical conditions leading to the existence of the double Hopf bifurcation, in which the gestation time delay and the diffusion coefficient were selected as the bifurcation parameters. The innovation of the work lies near the double Hopf bifurcation point, the stable homogeneous and inhomogeneous periodic solutions can coexist. The theoretical results of the extended center manifold reduction and normal form method are in good agreement with the numerical simulation.
Identification and verification of the effect of ferroptosis risk genes on gastric cancer cells and ferroptosis-related immune landscape analysis
Authors: Wang Xiang-Qian , Wan Fu-Jian , Zhao Wen-Jing , Sun Feng , Yu Qi-Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent tumour globally, and the prognosis after treatment is generally poor. Ferroptosis is a regulated type of programmed cell death that plays an important role in several cellular functions. This study utilised differentially expressed genes that were related to ferroptosis in gastric cancer for molecular subtyping. The genes of interest were acquired using WGCNA, and thereafter, the LASSO algorithm was employed to construct a risk prognostic model for ferroptosis-related genes(FRGs). We validated this model using PCA, ROC and other methods. We subsequently analysed immune cell infiltration amongst different ferroptosis-related risk score(FRRS) groups, and found that the high-FRRS group exhibited a markedly enhanced level of macrophage M2 content. Finally, ASCL2 was selected as the study object to validate the prognostic model of ferroptosis-related risk gene(FRRG) by screening the mutation status. The experimental results demonstrated that inhibiting ASCL2 expression in vitro resulted in a significant reduction of glutathione levels, accumulation of intracellular divalent iron ions, and mitochondrial morphological condensation and membrane thickening. In vivo, inhibition of ASCL2 expression inhibited gastric cancer cell growth and led to a significant reduction in intra-tumour glutathione. Validation and experimentation confirm that FRRS can serve as an independent prognostic factor, enabling risk stratification of patients, and that FRRGs have the potential to be used as therapeutic targets through inducing ferroptosis in cancer cells.
Passive surveillance for shrimp pathogens in Penaeus vannamei submitted from 3 Regions of Latin America
Authors: Intriago Pablo , Medina Andres , Cercado Nicole , Arteaga Kelly , Montenegro Alejandra , Burgos Milena , Espinoza Jorge , Brock James A , McIntosh Robins , Flegel Tim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Multiple PCR analyzes were performed using 19 different primer sets to open and broaden the search spectrum for shrimp pathogens. In addition, multiple primer pairs for 10 pathogens were compared to see if there were differences in selectivity or sensitivity among them. Some pathogens that did not present histological lesions were detected. The most important outcome was thatthe selection of appropriate primers was the most critical factor in obtaining reliable results. We found high variability in results among primers, and we learned it was prudent to seasonally assess them for the best set selection. It is important to understand that a PCR positive test result alone does not confirm the presence of a viable pathogen or a disease state. Nor, as might be expected, does it mean that the positive PCR test results will be necessarily accompanied by histological lesions characteristic of the targeted pathogen. However, the use of appropriately selected primer sets can reveal whether there is an evolution in the result spectrum over time and if some pathogens disappear or reappear or new ones emerge. In general, most shrimp presented coinfections that consisted of the presence of WzSV8, DHPV, chronic midgut inflammation and tubule distension/epithelial atrophy consistent with Pir A/B toxicity. Also included were RLB/NHPB, microsporidia, striated muscle necrosis, gregarines in the hindgut caecum (gametocyte stage, and not associated with tegumental glands but glands that line the mouth and anus) and encysted, presumed nematode larvae. WzSV8 was newly discovered in gonads. Histological changes and the presence of spheroids in the lymphoid organ were considered healthy host responses of often unidentified cause.
Comparing the performance of microcomb based RF photonic transversal signal processors based on discrete components versus integration
Authors: Moss David 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
RF photonic transversal signal processors, which combine reconfigurable electrical digital signal processing and high-bandwidth photonic processing, provide a powerful solution for achieving adaptive high-speed information processing. Recent progress in optical microcomb technology provides compelling multi-wavelength sources with compact footprint, yielding a variety of microcomb-based RF photonic transversal signal processors implemented by either discrete or integrated components. Although operating based on the same principle, processors in these two forms exhibit distinct performance. This letter presents a comparative investigation into their performance. First, we compare the performance of state-of-the-art processors, focusing on the processing accuracy. Next, we analyze various factors that contribute to the performance differences, including tap number and imperfect response of experimental components. Finally, we discuss the potential for future improvement. These results provide a comprehensive comparison of microcomb-based RF photonic transversal signal processors implemented using discrete and integrated components and provide insights for their future development.
The Use of E-Health and M-Health Tools in Pediatric Care Among Parents and Healthcare Workers in Developing Countries: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Irawan Anggi Septia , Döbrössy Bence Márton , Bire Mengesha Srahbzu , Muharram Arief Purnama , Kovács Dávid Szilárd , Girasek Edmond 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background Electronic health (E-Health) and mobile health (M-Health) have emerged as promising solutions to address the scarcity of healthcare workers in developing countries. This systematic literature review aims to comprehensively explore the utilization of E-Health and M-Health tools in pediatric care among parents and healthcare workers in these regions.Methods A literature search was conducted on the PubMed and Scopus databases in January 2023, covering the period from 2013 to 2022. The search adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. The PECOS format outlined by PROSPERO was used to determine the eligibility of systematic reviews and primary studies, with no restrictions on study designs or methodologies. Eligible articles comprised original research published in peer-reviewed open-access journals, limited to the English language. The methodological quality of the included articles was independently assessed by authors using the CASP checklists to evaluate reporting quality.Result The initial search yielded 334 publications, of which 16 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review. These comprised 12 Random Control trials and 4 Qualitative-Quantitative studies. The CASP criteria were applied to all studies, and those with a moderate to high level of methodological quality were included and reported. The reviewed publications described various types of E-Health and M-Health tools, with a majority (50%) of the studies conducted in Asia. The target users in the publications were diverse, with 37% focusing on mothers, 25% targeting pregnant women, and 19% targeting healthcare workers.Conclusions The review highlights a diverse range of tools, including mobile applications, websites, SMS, and phone calls, with a particular focus on breastfeeding, vaccination, and child growth. The findings emphasize the importance of healthcare worker participation and the trust placed in information from relatives to influence the effectiveness of these tools. Moreover, the study underscores the need for intimate discussions when addressing sensitive topics like HIV and contraceptives. This review enhances our understanding of the role of E-Health and M-Health tools in pediatric care in developing countries. It highlights their potential to bridge healthcare gaps and promote wider access to quality care, addressing the challenges posed by limited healthcare resources in these regions.
Decoding the Inflammatory Signature of the Major Depressive Episode: Insights from Peripheral Immunophenotyping in Active and Remitted Condition
Authors: Daray Federico , Grendas Leandro , Arena Ángeles , Tifner Vera , Casiani Romina Álvarez , Olaviaga Alejandro , Chiapella Luciana , Vazquez Gustavo , Penna Melina , Hunter Fernando , Prokopez Cintia , Silva Eugenio Carrera , Errasti Andrea 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Although the immune system's role in the pathogenesis and persistence of depression is increasingly recognized, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the involvement of innate and adaptive immune cells. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by providing a deepening assessment of immunological profiles integrated into clinical and biochemical parameters in individuals with Major Depressive Episode (MDE). This multicenter case-control sex and age-matched study recruiting 121 participants divided into patients with active and remitted MDE and healthy controls (HC). Biochemical parameters, humoral responses (pro- and anti-inflammatory), and specific innate and adaptive immune cell populations were measured. Patients with MDE showed monocytosis, increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate levels, and an altered proportion of specific monocyte subsets. CD4 lymphocytes exhibited increased activation and exhaustion and a higher frequency of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells. Additionally, patients with MDE showed increased plasma levels of sTREM2, IL-17 and IL-6. This profile denoted an immune dysregulation and inflammation in MDE. Boruta analyses identified markers with significant discriminative potential for distinguishing between patients with MDE and HC. Cluster analysis revealed that patients with MDE exhibited at least three different patterns of immune system activation, suggesting a different stage of inflammation or possible differences in the underlying mechanism involved. Our findings give a deeper understanding of the role of inflammation and its mediators in MDE, illuminating the way for novel therapeutic strategies tailored to specific subgroups of patients.
Prevalence of pre-exam Anxiety among Medical and Paramedical Students in The Arab World during COVID-19: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elgendy Ali Mohamed Naguib , Benmelouka Amira Yasmine , Douba Zain , Attia Abdelrahman M , Rasmy Jackleen , Alsaman Muhamad Zakaria Brimo , Zazo Aya , Mohandes Abdul Fattah , Mohammed Yasmine Adel , Abd-ElGawad Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background Pre-exam anxiety is a condition that affects students before their exams, and significantly affects their academic performance, mental, and physiological state. Medical and paramedical students are more likely to experience exams related stress and anxiety. Here we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of exam anxiety and its associated risk factors among undergraduate Arab medical and paramedical students. Methods We performed a multicenter cross-sectional study in six Arab countries: Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Palestine, Algeria, and Libya from March to April 2021. We used Epi Info version 7.2 software to calculate the sample size. An online questionnaire including The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale − 21 Items (DASS-21) was used to measure exam-related anxiety. We used IBM SPSS for Windows version 26 statistical software and R programming language version 3.6.3. data analysis. Results A total of 18979 participants filled out the questionnaire, 71.3% of them were females. The majority of the study participants were between the ages of 20 to 21 years 42.4% (n = 8055). On the DASS, 38.8% of participants experienced severe symptoms of depression, 47.6% of them experienced severe symptoms of anxiety, and 30.2% experienced severe symptoms of stress. Of the three subscales of the DASS, Females had a significantly higher risk than males to develop Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (B = 2.454, P < 0.001), (B = 4.256, P < 0.001), (B = 3.516, P < 0.001) respectively. Participants aged 22 years or more were less susceptible to test-related depression (B= -0.907, P < 0.001) and anxiety (B= -0.958, P < 0.001). Students who study between 13 and 18 hours per week were considerably more likely to have lower scores on all DASS subscales than those who study more than 18 hours per week, depression (B= -0.983, P < 0.001), Anxiety (B= -1.334, P < 0.001) and stress (B= -1.693, P < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of test-related anxiety, stress, and depression is high among medical and paramedical students in the Arab region. Medical educators should be aware of the impacts of this comorbidity and should work on implementing new and effective strategies to help students cope with psychological changes during exams.
Cyclic Peptide High-Entropy Noncovalent Glass
Authors: Yan Xuehai , Yuan Chengqian , Fan Wei , Xing Ruirui , Zhou Peng , Cao Shuai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The design and exploration of stable noncovalent glass based on biomolecules are paramount for the sustainable development of human society. Cyclic peptides (CPs) with remarkable structural rigidity and decent resistance to enzymatic degradation can serve as promising glass formers. However, the potent crystallization tendency hinders their potential in glass construction. Herein, we engineered a series of CP glasses with tunable glass transition behaviors by modulating the conformational complexity of CP clusters. The increasing conformational entropy of the supercooled liquid of CPs compared to their crystalline counterparts is fundamental to the formation of CP noncovalent glass. By incorporating multicomponent CPs, the formation of high-entropy CP (HECP) glass is facilitated, which in turn inhibits the crystallization and decomposition of individual CPs. This process ultimately enhances the stability of CP noncovalent glass. Such HECP glass exhibits enhanced mechanical properties compared to individual CP glass due to the promoted connectivity within the glass network. These findings offer a promising paradigm for designing and developing stable noncovalent glass based on naturally derived biomolecules and advancing their application in pharmaceutical formulations and smart materials.
Merekonstruksi Candi Terkubur
Authors: Mutaqi Ahmad Saifudin , Wijaya Robert Rianto 
Published: September 2023

Title: Reconstructing the Buried Temple
Case Study: Candi Kimpulan Excavation and Restoration at Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII)

The discovery of the archaeological site, Candi Kimpulan, during the foundation excavation of the Central Library Building at Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII) in December 2009 halted the ongoing construction. The agreement to conduct the restoration of this ancient site raised concerns about the duration and required space for the restoration process. Moreover, complications arose due to the location of the artifact discovery directly beneath the construction site. This article presents a literature review of various scholarly journals directly related to the reconstruction of buried temple structures. It aims to provide insights into the temple reconstruction process amid a comprehensive redesign of the university's library building. The study reveals crucial factors that significantly influenced the successful and relatively swift completion of the Candi Kimpulan restoration project. This endeavor serves as a positive benchmark for similar cases of buried temple discoveries, offering valuable lessons in planning and executing restoration projects.
Assessment of solar photocatalytic degradation of textile wastewater by ZnO-based reactors
Authors: Chaubey Jyoti , Jain Vineet , Singh Suresh Kumar , Jain Apoorva , Arora H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present study deals with treating the textile wastewater of Jodhpur city in Rajasthan, India employing a photocatalysis technique. Jodhpur has a number of textile industries and efficient treatment of its effluents has been a major problem in the region. An effort has been made to resolve this issue through this study. A wastewater treatment unit was setup which involved coagulation and flocculation, sand filter, photoreactor, and activated carbon filter processes. ZnO-based semiconductor, coated on galvanized iron (GI) plates, served as a photoreactor. The water quality parameters removal efficiency at the end of each process operation was recorded for different detention periods in the photoreactor. Water quality parameters analyzed were biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and pH. The optimal retention time for the photoreactor was found and the BOD of the wastewater reduced to 25 from 740 mg/l (97% reduction), and TSS from 1,430 to 12 mg/l (99% reduction) for the corresponding retention time. TDS reduction efficiency was 25% and pH changed from 9.2 in raw wastewater to 8.4 in treated wastewater. Results show that the pilot treatment plant was efficient for BOD and TSS removal from the textile wastewater.
Desigualdade de gênero na ciência
Authors: Galvê Araújo Silva Napiê , De Souza Moura Leonel Ritchie , De Oliveira e Souza Talita 
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as desigualdades de gênero no campo da pesquisa da área das Engenharias. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória e quali-quantitativa, com coleta de dados primários e secundários. A coleta de dados primários foi realizada por meio de consulta aos portais eletrônicos oficiais das Universidades Federais de Ensino Superior, com o propósito de traçar o panorama atual do número de docentes, por gênero, dos cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu das engenharias destas instituições do Brasil. O resultado da pesquisa ratificou as estatísticas gerais ou dados secundários, no tocante às desigualdades de gênero neste campo. Os resultados apontam que no âmbito acadêmico das engenharias predominam os docentes do sexo masculino. No período analisado, as docentes representaram somente um quinto dos cientistas, enquanto as coordenadoras de cursos são apenas 18% do total. Desse modo, o fato das mulheres ocuparem menor espaço de destaque na área acadêmica é muito relevante, pois reflete as desigualdades de gênero, significando, sobretudo, que um número reduzido de mulheres conseguiu usufruir de uma oportunidade sociocultural e profissional na academia.