bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Cross-Sectional Based Study and Associated Risk Factors of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Nigerian Pigs.
Authors: Afolabi Kayode O. , Amoo Olufemi S. , Onuigbo Tochukwu I. , Oraegbu Joy I. , Awoseyi Ayomikun A. , Fasina Folorunso O. , Adebowale Oluwawemimo O. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aim
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a swine viral pathogen of substantial economic importance in pig farming globally. However, large-scale surveillance is needed to determine its prevalence and associated risk factors in Nigerian pigs. We conducted a molecular-based surveillance and mapping of PCV2 in the southwest, Nigeria, to determine its prevalence and spatiality.
Methods and results
A total of 648 individual faecal samples were collected from different age groups of pigs from 67 farms in three southwest states. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to screen the samples with a specific primer pair. The viral prevalence was determined at individual animal and farm levels. In total, 145/648 (22.4%) of the samples and 49/67 farms (73.1%) tested positive for PCV2. The highest prevalence of PCV2 was observed in Oyo State (63/185, 34.1%) and in growers (66/145, 45.5%). Restricting visitors’ entrance to the farm was found to be strongly protective for PCV2 (AOR 0.122; P = 0.007; 95% CI; 0.027–0.564), while not having a quarantine protocol (AOR 4.445; P = 0.041; 95% CI; 1.067–18.5280) and reporting coccidiosis as a common disease encountered (AOR 14.340; P = 0.007; 95% CI; 2.094–98.203) on the farm were significant risk factors identified to be associated with the presence of PCV2.
Conclusions
This study revealed a high prevalence of PCV2 in Nigerian swine herds than expected and presented significant spatial clustering of infection in the studied region. These findings underscore the need for a policy decision to promote PCV2 vaccination in Nigeria. The availability and use of PCV2 vaccine in the country will mitigate economic losses due to its infections.
Discerns the initial symptoms: A qualitative study exploring the experiences of individuals with patellofemoral arthritis in Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Heta , Muruganantham Balaganapathy , Serasiya Bipin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Patellofemoral arthritis is an under-recognized condition in developing countries such as India. Patellofemoral arthritis is one of the early causes of knee pain, and it is prevalent in 39% of the population aged > 30 years. However, the earlier measures to reduce the burden are limited.
Objectives
Using qualitative study design this study, we aimed to explore the early experiences of patellofemoral arthritis symptoms among Indian population.
Methods
Purposive sampling was used to recruit 14 participants with early patellofemoral arthritis aged between 40 to 65 years from the regional hospital of Gujarat, India. Expert orthopedic surgeons confirmed the diagnosis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and audio recorded. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using pen and paper. Data were analyzed using Inductive thematic analysis.
Results
The Mean age of the recruited participants were 48 years, and 64% were female out of n = 14 participants. The highlighted symptoms were occasional sounds from the knee during stair activity, going down to the floor, hurdling while sitting to stand, prolonged sitting in a chair, exposure to cold, anterior knee pain, more aggravated at night, limitation in activity than the previous episode such as squatting, rising from the floor, stair ambulation, prolong walking and kneeling. Therefore, we selected four domains: pain, Crepitus, stiffness, and difficulty in functional activity from the initial experiences reported by an individual with patellofemoral arthritis.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the initial symptoms of patellofemoral arthritis usual as knee pain. The mentioned symptoms reflect the individual experience of the Indian community; thus, it must be considered a prime concern for measurement to strengthen the preventive measure of the condition.
Optimal vaccination strategies for a heterogenous population using multiple objectives: The case of L1− and L2−formulations
Authors: Saldaña Fernando , Kebir Amira , Camacho-Gutíerrez José Ariel , Aguiar Maíra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The choice of the objective functional in optimization problems coming from biomedical and epidemiological applications plays a key role in optimal control outcomes. In this study, we investigate the role of the objective functional on the structure of the optimal control solution for an epidemic model that includes a core group with higher sexual activity levels than the rest of the population. An optimal control problem is formulated to find a targeted vaccination program able to control the spread of the infection with minimum vaccine deployment. Both $L_{1}-$ and $L_{2}-$objectives are considered as an attempt to explore the trade-offs between control dynamics and the functional form characterizing optimality. Our results show that the optimal vaccination policy for both the $L_{1}-$ and the $L_{2}-$formulation share one important qualitative property, that is, immunization of the core group should be prioritized by policymakers to achieve a fast reduction of the epidemic. Nevertheless, quantitative aspects of this result can be significantly affected depending on the objective weightings. Overall, our results suggest that the optimal control profiles are reasonably robust with respect to the $L_{1}-$ or $L_{2}-$formulation when the monetary cost of the vaccination policy is substantially lower than the cost associated with the disease burden but if this is not the case the optimal control profiles can be radically different for each formulation.
Greater trend and interannual variability in productivity of mangroves compared to terrestrial forests
Authors: zhang zhen , Luo Xiangzhong , Friess Daniel A. , Wang Songhan , Li Yi , Li Yangfan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMangrove forests are highly productive ecosystems with important potential to offset anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Due to their location in the tidal environment and unique ecophysiological characteristics, mangroves are expected to respond differently to climate change compared to terrestrial forests. However, the difference remains largely elusive at the global scale, though the knowledge is critical to guide the forest conservation over coastal regions. Here we examine long-term trend and interannual variability of the productivity of global mangrove forests and their nearby terrestrial counterparts, the evergreen broadleaf forests (EBFs), over the past two decades using satellite observations. We find while both mangroves and EBFs experienced significant increases in their productivity, mangroves exhibited stronger trends and interannual variability in productivity than EBFs on 71.79% and 73.49% of their co-occurring coasts. The difference in NIRv trend is attributed to the stronger CO2fertilization effect on mangrove photosynthesis, while the discrepancy in interannual variability is attributed to the higher sensitivity of NIRv to variations in precipitation and sea level. Our results indicate that mangroves will have a faster increase in productivity than terrestrial forests in a CO2-rich future but may suffer more from deficits in water availability, highlighting a key difference between terrestrial and tidal ecosystems in their responses to climate change.
The Quest for Novel Drugs against COVID-19: In Silico Study
Authors: Prajapati Shalini , Zeenat Lubna , Sangeet Satyam , Khan Arshad , Pandey Khushhali Menaria 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, since its beginning caused havoc around the world. The virus is responsible for employing components to critically infect the host cell and undergo rapid mutations inside its host. The N-Terminal Domain (NTD)- assisted opening of the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the virus makes it more infective by increasing the binding affinity of the viral spike protein with the host receptor; Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). Spike protein and ACE2 have become the significant spaces of study and pulled in more extensive examination given their function as potential obnoxious elements for the spread of the infection. The highly conserved nature of RBD in SARS-CoV-2 makes it a potential target site for antiviral drugs to inhibit its interaction with the ACE2. The current study focuses on the in-silico examinations of phytochemicals from medicinal plants in order to screen out a potent drug candidate against the RBD domain. Molecular Docking studies exhibited the potential of top phytochemicals that actively and closely interacted with the key residues of the RBD. Further investigation using Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) and Pharmacological & Pharma toxicological studies revealed the phytochemicals that can be used as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2. This study suggested the potential of screened phytochemicals to act as a potent antiviral candidate against SARS-CoV-2. The bioavailability and the Synthetic Score suggested the potency and the ease of synthesis of these phytochemicals The present study has supported the assumption that the phytochemicals have potentials and that they can be used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
Phonotacticon: A cross-linguistic phonotactic database
Authors: Joo Ian , Hsu Yu-Yin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Phonotacticon is a cross-linguistic database that contains basic phonotactic information about spoken lects (linguistic varieties), including the possible forms of the onset, nucleus, and coda of each lect, as well as the phonemic and tonemic inventories. In this paper, we present Phonotacticon 1.0, which contains the phonotactic profiles of 516 Eurasian lects retrieved from descriptive literature. The later versions of Phonotacticon will extend beyond Eurasia and will ultimately cover most of the spoken lects that are spoken across the world. As an example of the research potential of this database in future studies, we have generated from Phonotacticon several descriptive visualizations, such as the distribution of the maximal onset length, to demonstrate the visually discernible areal distribution of certain phonotactic patterns.
Temporality of environmental policy and its effects on the location and abatement decision
Authors: PRADENAS FELIPE RIVERA , CARTES KATHERIN LÓPEZ , FORD JORGE ZAMORANO 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This research analyzes the effects of the temporality of environmental policy on firm location and abatement decisions. Environmental policies are implemented by a benevolent regulator who is concerned about the welfare of society and environmental pollution. For this reason, it implements two instruments at the same time: the tax on emissions, which seeks to internalize environmental costs, and the subsidy to clean technologies, which encourages their adoption. In addition, the optimal levels of taxes and subsidies that maximize social welfare are studied, considering the impact of the timing of the decision (ex ante or ex post) on the competitiveness of the market. As for its resolution, a model of duopolistic firms competing in quantities in an emission-intensive sector is used. Among the main results, it is shown that in an ex post regime, firms prefer to locate in the country that offers a higher subsidy, even when they face higher tax levels compared to the ex ante regime.
Robust Steganography in Practical Communication: A Comparative Study
Authors: Qiao Tong , Xu Shengwang , Wang Shuai , Wu Xiaoshuai , Liu Bo , Zheng Ning , Xu Ming , Pan Binmin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to realize the act of covert communication in a public channel, steganography is proposed. In the current study, modern adaptive steganography plays a dominant role due to its high undetectability. However, the effectiveness of modern adaptive steganography is challenged when being applied in practical communication such as over social network. Several robust steganographic methods have been proposed while the comparative study between them is still unknown. Thus, we propose a framework to generalize the current typical steganographic methods resisting against compression attack, and meanwhile empirically analyze advantages and disadvantages of them based on four baseline indicators, referring to as capacity, imperceptibility, undetectability, and robustness. More importantly, the robustness performance of the methods is compared in the real application such as on Facebook, Twitter, and WeChat, which has not been comprehensively addressed in this community.
Systematic Analysis of the Therapy Resistance Genes and their Prognostic
Relevance in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Eswaran Sangavi , Padavu Mythili , Kumar Dileep , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Critical issues in the therapeutic management of cervical cancer (CC) include therapy
resistance and treatment failure. The development of therapy resistance is a multifaceted, progressive process,
including genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. The present study aimed to identify genes that may contribute
to therapy resistance in CC.

Materials and Methods:
We have created an extensive list of the genes in cancer that are therapy-resistant using
a text-mining approach. The list was compared with the TCGA-CESC dataset to identify the differentially
expressed therapy resistance genes (DETRGs) in CC. We used online resources (UALCAN, DNMIVD, cBio-
Portal, HCMDB, OncoDB, ShinyGO, HPA, KM Plotter, TIMER, and DGIdb) to determine the potential association
between methylation and expression of therapy resistance genes with the prognosis and clinical outcomes
in CC.

Results:
The systematic analysis identified 71 out of 91 DETRGs showed aberrant DNA methylation. The overlapping
analysis identified 25 genes to show an inverse correlation between methylation and expression. Further,
differential expression or methylation could be helpful in CC staging, HPV association, prediction of metastasis
and prognosis. The study identified seven driver genes in CC. The PPIN identifies ten hub genes (HGs)
associated with CC staging, cancer hallmarks, and prognosis to affect long-term survival.

Conclusion:
Our thorough investigation uncovered several novel genes and pathways that might contribute to
therapy resistance in CC. The genes identified in our study may serve as a biomarker, prognostic indicator, and
therapeutic target in CC.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19: In silico Identification of
LncRNA-MiRNA-Gene Networks and Key Transcription Factors
Authors: Sheikhshabani Somayeh Hashemi , Amini-Farsani Zeinab , Kazemifard Nesa , Modarres Parastoo , Feyzabad Sharareh Khazaei , Amini-Farsani Zahra , Shaygan Nasibeh , Omrani Mir Davood , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) accounts for up to 29% of severe COVID-19 cases and increases
mortality among these patients. Viral infections participate in the pathogenesis of diseases by changing the
expression profile of normal transcriptome. This study attempts to identify LncRNA-miRNA-gene and TF-gene
networks as gene expression regulating networks in the kidney tissues of COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
In this analysis, four kidney libraries from the GEO repository were considered. To conduct the preprocessing,
Deseq2 software in R was used for the purpose of data normalization and log2 transformation. In addition,
pre- and post-normalization, PCA and box plots were developed using ggplot2 software in R for quality
control. The expression profiles of the kidney samples of COVID-19 patients and control individuals were compared
using DEseq2 software in R. The considered significance thresholds for DEGs were Adj P value < 0.05
and |logFC| >2. Then, to predict molecular interactions in lncRNA-miRNA-gene networks, different databases,
including DeepBase v3.0, miRNATissueAtlas2, DIANA-LncBase v3, and miRWalk, were used. Furthermore,
by employing ChEA databases, interactions at the TF-Gene level were obtained. Finally, the obtained networks
were plotted using Stringdb and Cytoscape v8.

Results:
Results obtained from the comparison of the post-mortem kidney tissue samples of the COVID-19 patients
with the healthy kidney tissue samples showed significant changes in the expression of more than 2000
genes. In addition, predictions regarding the miRNA-gene interaction network based on DEGs obtained from
this meta-analysis showed that 11 miRNAs targeted the obtained DEGs. Interestingly, in the kidney tissue, these
11 miRNAs interacted with LINC01874, LINC01788, and LINC01320, which have high specificity for this
tissue. Moreover, four transcription factors of EGR1, SMAD4, STAT3, and CHD1 were identified as key transcription
factors regulating DEGs. Taken together, the current study showed several dysregulated genes in the
kidney of patients affected with COVID-19.

Conclusion:
This study suggests lncRNA-miRNA-gene networks and key TFs as new diagnostic and therapeutic
targets for experimental and preclinical studies.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking Studies and Biological Evaluation of N-(α-Benzamido Cinnamoyl) Piperonal Hydrazones
Authors: Saritha Karnati , Devi Tangirala Sarala , Rani Murthi Vidya , Kumar Katari Sudheer , Umamaheswari Amineni , Rajitha Galla 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Nowadays, inflammation is recognized as the underlying cause of a number of diseases, but NSAIDs are the first drug of choice, having several side effects. Additionally, excessive cellular oxidative stress is often considered a major contributor to pathophysiological conditions, the development of cancer, and other diseases. Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, hence, there is a critical need for the development of novel therapeutic agents to fight the emergence and increasing prevalence of resistant pathogens. This creates an initiation to introduce new molecules which act as efficient therapeutic agents with diminished side effects.

Objective:
As a part of our search for newer agents with enhanced activity profiles, it was planned to synthesize novel 2- (benzamido)-N-((benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methylene)-3-(substituted phenyl) acrylohydrazides and to investigate them for antiinflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, in silico studies were performed for title compounds to predict molecular properties, bioavailability, drug-likeness, and bioactivity scores, molecular docking studies were also performed against biological targets.

Methods:
The title compounds 1-14 were synthesized by nucleophilic addition of piperonal in ethanol, few drops of acetic acid to the intermediate 2-(benzamido)-3-(aryl)acrylohydrazides. The title compounds were tested for their antiinflammatory activity by in vivo carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method, in vitro COX-2 inhibition assay; in vitro cytotoxic activity evaluation by MTT assay; antioxidant activity by Lipid peroxidation, DPPH assay, Nitric Oxide scavenging assay and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay; and antimicrobial activity by cup plate method. Physicochemical properties and bioactive scores of title compounds were evaluated by in silico studies. Molecular docking studies were carried out for the title compounds against COX-2 (PDB: 5F19) and EGFR (PDB:1XKK).

Results:
Among the series, 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy derivative (5) displayed good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities; Vanillinyl derivative (4) displayed good cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity when compared to that of the respective standards. Compounds 5 & 4 also exhibited good docking scores with COX-2 and EGFR, respectively. All title compounds obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five and also exhibited acceptable molecular properties, drug-likeness properties, and moderate to good bioactivity scores in in silico studies.

Conclusion:
The study suggested that the title compounds showed notable pharmacological properties, could emerge as lead compounds, and be further explored as promising therapeutic agents.
Exploring Brazilian Natural Products as Potential Bioactive Compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi by Targeting Squalene Synthase
Authors: Paschoal Caroline Reis Santiago , Rabelo Vitor Won-Held , de Oliveira Tamillis Figueiredo , Abreu Paula Alvarez 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Chagas disease is a neglected disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma
cruzi that affects 7 million people worldwide. The current treatment is limited due to safety and efficacy
issues. Therefore, the search for new antiparasitic drugs is fundamental. The enzyme squalene synthase
(SQS) is an attractive therapeutic target since it participates in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway.

Objective:
In the present study, we explored the Brazilian biodiversity to search for potential inhibitors of T. cruzi SQS (TcSQS) using ligand and structure-based virtual screening strategies.

Materials and Methods:
A virtual screening was performed within the NUBBE database, with more than 2,200 natural products (NP) or semisynthetic derivatives from the Brazilian biodiversity. Molecular docking and ADMET predictions were then performed.

Results:
A set of 12 NP showed interactions with TcSQS like those observed by known inhibitors and shared literature evidence that supports the predicted activity.

Conclusion:
Three compounds (flavonoids) showed good ADMET properties as potential inhibitors of TcSQS.
Pre-operative Neo-adjuvant Chemotherapy Related miRNAs as Key
Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yalav Orcun , Sonmezler Ozge , Erdogan Kivilcim Eren , Rencuzogullari Ahmet , Doran Figen , Bisgin Atil , Boga Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Background:
In colorectal cancer, the investigation of cancer pathogenesis and the determination
of the relevant gene and gene pathways is particularly important to provide a basis for
treatment-oriented studies. miRNAs which affect gene regulation in the molecular pathogenesis of
cancer, have an active role in carcinogenesis. In the literature, miRNA expression levels have been
associated with metastasis and prognosis in different cancers.

Objective:
In our study, expression profiling of miRNAs involved in oncogenic and apoptotic
pathways in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy was
performed.

Methods:
miRNAs were isolated from three different FFPE tissue samples taken at different times
of the same patient (tumor tissue taken at the time of diagnosis, normal tissue samples, and after
neoadjuvant therapy). The expression analysis of 84 miRNAs determined by PCR array (Fluidigm,
USA) and mediated meta-analysis was performed comparatively to each study and non-cancerous
control group. Evaluations were performed with ΔΔCT calculations.

Results:
As a result of the miRNA PCR array study, in addition to differences were observed in
miRNA expression between control and study groups. The potential biomarkers which were hsamiR-
215-5p, hsa-miR-9-59, hsa-miR-193a-5p, hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-96-5p have been
detected for possible treatment resistance, prognosis and predispositions to cancers.

Conclusion:
In patients with colorectal cancer, miRNA expression in the tumoral regions before
and after neoadjuvant therapy has represented a variable pattern. It has been shown that miRNA
studies can be used to predict the clinical course and response to treatment with differences in expression
levels. It has been concluded that specific miRNAs may be candidate biomarkers for colorectal
cancer.