bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Made to Measure Squaramide COF Cathode for Zinc Dual‐Ion Battery with Enriched Storage via Redox Electrolyte
Authors: Kushwaha Rinku , Jain Chitvan , Shekhar Pragalbh , Rase Deepak , Illathvalappil Rajith , Mekan Deep , Camellus Augastus , Vinod Chathakudath Prabhakaran , Vaidhyanathan Ramanathan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous rechargeable batteries are promising grid‐scale energy storage devices because of their affordability, operational safety, and environmental benignity. Among these, Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have unfolded new horizons. Designing superior cathodes for ZIBs is crucial. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be made redox active with a high storage surface. Here, for the first time, a chelating COF with redox‐active ZnI2 in a ZnSO4(aq) electrolyte is combined. Including iodide harvests an approximately threefold enhancement in capacity from 208 to 690 mAh g−1 at 1.5 A g−1, the highest among all the COF‐derived ZIBs. Remarkably, a charge–discharge curve at 1.3 V exhibits very limited dropout voltage and super‐flat platform, with a remarkable capacity of 600 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 stable up to 6000 cycles, confirming that the polyiodide generation and storage are sustainable. The COF's dual‐ion storage (Zn2+ and polyidode) delivers a ZIB with the highest energy density. Spectro‐electrochemical measurements coupled with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy unambiguously unveil the existence of multiple polyiodide species, with I3− and IO3− ions as the prominent species. The latter gets reduced at the COF electrode under an applied potential, leaving I3− as the major species stored on the COF. The prospect of COF‐polyiodide(aq) is a windfall for metal‐ion batteries.
Do macronutrient intakes affect obesity indices in Jordanian adults?
Authors: Agraib Lana M. , Al‐Shami Islam , Alkhatib Buthaina , AL‐Dalaeen Anfal M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether macronutrient intake is associated with novel obesity indices, including the conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI), and weight‐adjusted‐waist index (WWI).MethodologyA cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 491 adults (344 males and 147 females) working at different universities in Jordan (July–December 2019). Daily intake of energy (kcal), carbohydrates (g), protein (g), and fat (g) was obtained using 24‐h recalls collected over 2 days. Additionally, obesity indices were calculated.ResultsRegardless of sex, energy, and carbohydrate intakes had a moderately significant positive association, whereas protein and fat intakes had a weakly significant association with BAI, AVI, and BRI. CI and WWI showed a weakly significant association with all macronutrients in males, a moderate correlation with energy and carbohydrate intake, and a weak association with fat and protein intake in females. Male participants had significant increases in the CI (T1 = 1.29 ± 0.01 vs. T3 = 1.36 ± 0.01, p = .018), AVI (T1 = 17.96 ± 0.52 vs. T3 = 22.81 ± 0.57, p = .011), and WWI (T1 = 10.72 ± 0.11 vs. T3 = 11.29 ± 0.09, p = .047) indices scores through the carbohydrate intake tertiles. Additionally, there was a significant increase in scores of AVI (T1 = 18.60 ± 0.56 vs. T3 = 21.42 ± 0.46, p = .048) and an almost significant increase in CI (T1 = 1.30 ± 0.01vs. T3 = 1.33 ± 0.01, p = .056) through the tertiles of protein intake.ConclusionMacronutrients were significantly associated with all indices. The effect of macronutrients on obesity indices is sex‐based. Among men, CI, AVI, and WWI were the indices most affected by carbohydrate and protein intakes. Future studies should further investigate food sources and macronutrient quality.
Bulk and Surface Contributions to Ionisation Potentials of Metal Oxides
Authors: Zhang Xingfan , Liu Taifeng , Zhu Lei , Guan Jingcheng , Lu You , Keal Thomas W. , Buckeridge John , Catlow C. Richard A. , Sokol Alexey A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetermining the absolute band edge positions in solid materials is crucial for optimising their performance in wide‐ranging applications including photocatalysis and electronic devices. However, obtaining absolute energies is challenging, as seen in CeO2, where experimental measurements show substantial discrepancies in the ionisation potential (IP). Here, we have combined several theoretical approaches, from classical electrostatics to quantum mechanics, to elucidate the bulk and surface contributions to the IP of metal oxides. We have determined a theoretical bulk contribution to the IP of stoichiometric CeO2 of only 5.38 eV, while surface orientation results in intrinsic IP variations ranging from 4.2 eV to 8.2 eV. Highly tuneable IPs were also found in TiO2, ZrO2, and HfO2, in which surface polarisation plays a pivotal role in long‐range energy level shifting. Our analysis, in addition to rationalising the observed range of experimental results, provides a firm basis for future interpretations of experimental and computational studies of oxide band structures.
The static and frequency‐dependent second‐ and third‐order nonlinear optical properties of Zn(II) and Ni(II) complexes of 4‐methoxypyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid: A detailed experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Tamer Ömer , Dege Necmi , Avcı Davut , Atalay Yusuf 
Published: July 2023

Novel Zn(II) and Ni(II) complexes, [Zn(MeOPic)2(H2O)2] and [Ni(MeOPic)2(H2O)2] (MeOHPic = 4‐methoxypyridine‐2‐carboxylic acid [4meOHPic]), have been prepared and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) techniques. Crystal structure analysis demonstrated that the 4meOHPic ligand is coordinated as a two‐dentate ligand through N and O atoms to central metal ions, and both of the complexes have distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The DFT‐B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p)/LanL2DZ level was executed to perform DFT calculations for the Zn(II) complex with singlet spin state and the Ni(II) complex with triplet spin state. The UV–Vis electronic absorption spectra and natural bonding orbital (NBO) analyses also demonstrated that ligand–ligand and metal–ligand charge transfer interactions occur in Zn(II) and Ni(II) complexes. However, static and frequency‐dependent first‐order hyperpolarizability (β) parameters were found to be low because of the centrosymmetric crystal structures. As for the second‐order hyperpolarizabilities, the quadratic electro‐optical Kerr effect γ (−ω;ω,0,0) and electric field induced second harmonic generation γ (−2ω;ω,ω,0) parameters were calculated as 13.04 × 10−36 and 2258.9 × 10−36 esu for Ni(II) complex. Accordingly, it was demonstrated that Ni(II) complex is a potential candidate for third‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials.
Semi‐crystalline semi‐aromatic polyamides with varying length of polymethylene moiety: Synthesis and thermo mechanical property analysis
Authors: Luo Shajie , Dai Junyu , Chen Jialin , Li Wanping , Wang Yuan , Li Dongmei , Chen Yan , Fan Yu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, a series of semi‐crystalline semi‐aromatic poly (ether amides) (PAT‐2–PAT‐10) with varying length of polymethylene moiety (2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 methyl groups) and number of ether groups in the main chain were synthesized by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of semi‐aromatic difluorobenzamido alkanes with 1, 4‐benzenediol at about 190–200°C, using K2CO3 as catalyst, N‐methyl pyrrolidione (NMP) as reaction solvent. And their viscosities, thermal, and mechanical properties were investigated. The inherent viscosities, glass transition, melting and degradation temperatures and tensile strength values of the synthesized polymers were in the range 0.141–1.829 dL g−1, 119.1–165.0°C, 272.4–345.4°C, and 371.4–451.1°C, and 61.2–79.2 MPa respectively. Moreover, they were found to have good solubility in concentrated sulfuric acid and trifluoroacetic acid at room temperature. The length of poly methylene group and ether bond in the polymer main chain had significantly influenced their thermo mechanical properties. The polyamides PAT‐6–PAT‐10 had better thermo mechanical property than that of commercial polyamide, PA6T/66.
Anatomical sciences education needs to promote academic excellence of ethnic minority students—Evidence from Pasifika students at the University of Otago
Authors: Time Willie Solomona , Samalia Latika , Wibowo Erik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Department of Anatomy at the University of Otago offers anatomical sciences education for various programs, but currently, little information is available on how the academic performance of anatomy students differ based on ethnicities. Here, we aim to determine if there is an ethnic disparity in academic performance among anatomy students at the University of Otago. We conducted a 5‐year review of academic performance of New Zealand European (NZE) and Pasifika students in 10 undergraduate anatomy courses, including clinical anatomy, neuroscience, reproduction, cell biology, and biological anthropology. NZE students achieved higher marks than Pasifika students in each academic year for four courses and in 3–4 of 5 academic years for the remaining courses. In eight courses, there were higher proportions of Pasifika students than NZE students who repeated the courses (in 4–5 of 5 academic years for two courses, in 1–2 of 5 academic years for six courses). Multiple regression analyses showed that Pasifika students were more likely to achieve lower marks than NZE students in all courses. Other predictors for academic marks included year of study for five courses, age for three courses, international student status for two courses, major specialization for eight courses, home location for one course, and gender for one course. Data from this research provide evidence that ethnic inequity may exist in anatomical sciences education, and can be used by institutions globally to justify evaluating their anatomy programs, with the aim to better support ethnic minority students who may be struggling academically.
Nanomedicines for Alzheimer's disease: Therapies based on pathological mechanisms
Authors: Cheng Guowang , Xie Aihua , Yan Zhao , Zhu Xiaozhen , Song Yafang , Chen Tongkai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Because of the complex pathogenesis of AD and the unique location of AD lesions, effective clinical treatment strategies for this disease remain elusive. However, the development of nanotechnology has allowed a new era of AD treatment to emerge. AD nanomedicines are products of interdisciplinary research that enable high precision and targeted delivery. Additionally, they can specifically regulate various pathogenic factors. This review focuses on nanomedicines based on the pathological mechanisms of AD that can target AD lesions. We also discuss the precise regulatory effects of nanomedicines (including the nanomaterials themselves) on pathogenic proteins, neuroinflammatory molecules, and other pathogenic factors. We summarize the clinical trials that have examined new AD drugs, highlighting the development of new nanomedicines and the progress in their clinical translation. Nanotechnology‐based AD treatment is a nascent field, and a complete cure is distant at present; therefore, we also elaborate on the shortcomings of current AD nanomedicines. Finally, we discuss the prospects to guide the future development of AD nanomedicines.
Can the construction of a research and development platform encourage innovation in green technology by private enterprises? Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Yujie , Wang Mingyue , Li Yingming , Zhou Junbi , Cao Xiangjie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe establishment of a research and development (R&D) platform can be used to effectively accumulate and optimize innovation resources and increase the willingness of enterprises to pursue innovations in green technology. Therefore, we used survey data from more than 1100 private enterprises in China as samples and constructed a multidimensional mediation model to test the relationship between enterprise R&D platforms and green‐technology innovation and, further, to reveal the mechanisms underlying the impact of government subsidies, social financing, and enterprise R&D investment on these relationships. Our findings were as follows. (1) The establishment of a R&D platform can encourage the adoption of green‐technology innovation strategies by enterprises, and the latter are dependent on the types of R&D platform and green‐technology innovation applied. (2) The setting up of R&D platforms can optimize capital by increasing R&D investment, earning government subsidies, improving social financing, and encouraging innovation in green technology. (3) The pathways used to develop R&D platforms to encourage green‐technology innovation can be either direct or indirect, and they are similar. (4) Enterprises' self‐built platforms and cooperative‐sharing platforms can encourage green‐process innovation by increasing R&D investment and earning government subsidies. Moreover, national‐level, provincial‐level, self‐built, and cooperative‐sharing R&D platforms all encourage green‐product innovation by increasing R&D investment and earning government subsidies. However, only provincial‐level R&D platforms can encourage green‐technology innovation, including green‐product innovation and green‐process innovation, by earning social financing.
Literature review of the sharing economy: Socio‐cultural perspective
Authors: Yıldız Murat , Altan Meral 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article reviews the literature to explore the role of culture in the sharing economy. During the literature review process, we used the terms collaborative consumption, collaborative economy, gift economy, gift‐giving, mesh, peer‐to‐peer, and commercial sharing systems in addition to the term sharing economy. Thus, we offer a reasonably broad scope in our research. It analyses 89 articles through a systematic literature review to determine the role of society and culture in the sharing economy. In addition, it offers a theoretical and descriptive exploration of the sharing economy and culture. The research shows that cultural dimensions and sharing motives shape the role of culture in the sharing economy. In this context, we determine the dimensions of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism–collectivism, masculinism, long‐ and short‐term orientation, and indulgence‐restrain. In addition, we determine economic, social, sustainability, materialism, and trust motives. It shows that materialism, economic, sustainability, and trust differ depending on cultural dimensions. This situation shapes the attitudes and intentions of individuals toward the sharing economy. In addition, the study lists the cultures studied and the theoretical approaches used in previous cross‐cultural studies on the sharing economy. The study shows that cross‐cultural studies often focus on the cultures of the United States, China, and India. Finally, we offer suggestions for future research.
Isocyanides as Catalytic Electron Acceptors in the Visible Light Promoted Oxidative Formation of Benzyl and Acyl Radicals
Authors: Russo Camilla , Donati Greta , Giustiniano Francesco , Amato Jussara , Marinelli Luciana , Whitby Richard John , Giustiniano Mariateresa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe recent disclosure of the ability of aromatic isocyanides to harvest visible light and act as single electron acceptors when reacting with tertiary aromatic amines has triggered a renewed interest in their application to the development of green photoredox catalytic methodologies. Accordingly, the present work explores their ability to promote the generation of both alkyl and acyl radicals starting from radical precursors such as Hantzsch esters, potassium alkyltrifluoroborates, and α‐oxoacids. Mechanistic studies involving UV‐visible absorption and fluorescence experiments, electrochemical measurements of the ground‐state redox potentials along with computational calculations of both the ground‐ and the excited‐state redox potentials of a set of nine different aromatic isocyanides provide key insights to promote a rationale design of a new generation of isocyanide‐based organic photoredox catalysts. Importantly, the green potential of the investigated chemistry is demonstrated by a direct and easy access to deuterium labeled compounds.
Associations between short‐term exposure to fine particulate matter and acute myocardial infarction: A case‐crossover study
Authors: Tabaghi Shiva , Sheibani Mehdi , Khaheshi Isa , Miri Reza , Haji Aghajani Mohammad , Safi Morteza , Eslami Vahid , Pishgahi Mehdi , Alipour Parsa Saeed , Namazi Mohammad Hassan , Beyranvand Mohammad Reza , Sohrabifar Nasim , Hassanian‐Moghaddam Hossein , Pourmotahari Fatemeh , Khaiat Shahrzad , Akbarzadeh Mohammad Ali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies evaluated the impact of particle matters (PM) on the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) based on local registries.HypothesisThis study aimed to evaluate possible short term effect of air pollutants on occurrence of AMI based on a specific case report sheet that was designed for this purpose.MethodsAMI was documented among 982 patients who referred to the emergency departments in Tehran, Iran, between July 2017 to March 2019. For each patient, case period was defined as 24 hour period preceding the time of emergency admission and referent periods were defined as the corresponding time in 1, 2, and 3 weeks before the admission. The associations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) with AMI were analyzed using conditional logistic regression in a case‐crossover design.ResultIncrease in PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly associated with the occurrence of AMI with and without adjustment for the temperature and humidity. In the adjusted model each 10 μg/m3 increase of PM10 and PM2.5 in case periods was significantly associated with increase myocardial infarction events (95% CI = 1.041−1.099, OR = 1.069 and 95% CI = 1.073−1.196, and OR = 1.133, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that increase in PM10 did not increase AMI events in diabetic subgroup, but in all other subgroups PM10 and PM2.5 concentration showed positive associations with increased AMI events.ConclusionAcute exposure to ambient air pollution was associated with increased risk of AMI irrespective of temperature and humidity.
Increased small extracellular vesicle levels and decreased miR‐126 levels associated with atrial fibrillation and coexisting diabetes mellitus
Authors: Siwaponanan Panjaree , Kaewkumdee Pontawee , Sudcharee Payalak , Udompunturak Suthipol , Chomanee Nusara , Udol Kamol , Pattanapanyasat Kovit , Krittayaphong Rungroj 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors for the development of stroke and thromboembolism in patients with AF. Early identification may reduce the incidence of complications and mortality in AF patients.HypothesisAF patients with DM have different pattern of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) levels and sEV‐derived microRNA (miRNA) expression compared with those without DM.MethodsWe compared sEV levels and sEV‐miRNA expression in plasma from AF patients with and without DM using nanoparticle tracking analysis and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, respectively.ResultsWe observed a significant increase in total sEV levels (p = .004) and a significant decrease in sEV‐miR‐126 level (p = .004) in AF patients with DM. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between total sEV levels and AF with DM (p = .019), and a negative association between sEV‐miR‐126 level and AF with DM (p = .031). The combination of clinical data, total sEVs, and sEV‐miR‐126 level had an area under the curve of 0.968 (p < .0001) for discriminating AF with DM, which was shown to be significantly better than clinical data analysis alone (p = .0368).ConclusionsThese results suggest that an increased level of total sEV and a decreased sEV‐miR‐126 level may play a potential role in the pathophysiology and complications of AF with DM, especially endothelial dysfunction, and can be considered as an applied biomarker for distinguishing between AF with and without DM.
Rigorous data‐driven computation of spectral properties of Koopman operators for dynamical systems
Authors: Colbrook Matthew J. , Townsend Alex 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKoopman operators are infinite‐dimensional operators that globally linearize nonlinear dynamical systems, making their spectral information valuable for understanding dynamics. However, Koopman operators can have continuous spectra and infinite‐dimensional invariant subspaces, making computing their spectral information a considerable challenge. This paper describes data‐driven algorithms with rigorous convergence guarantees for computing spectral information of Koopman operators from trajectory data. We introduce residual dynamic mode decomposition (ResDMD), which provides the first scheme for computing the spectra and pseudospectra of general Koopman operators from snapshot data without spectral pollution. Using the resolvent operator and ResDMD, we compute smoothed approximations of spectral measures associated with general measure‐preserving dynamical systems. We prove explicit convergence theorems for our algorithms (including for general systems that are not measure‐preserving), which can achieve high‐order convergence even for chaotic systems when computing the density of the continuous spectrum and the discrete spectrum. Since our algorithms have error control, ResDMD allows aposteri verification of spectral quantities, Koopman mode decompositions, and learned dictionaries. We demonstrate our algorithms on the tent map, circle rotations, Gauss iterated map, nonlinear pendulum, double pendulum, and Lorenz system. Finally, we provide kernelized variants of our algorithms for dynamical systems with a high‐dimensional state space. This allows us to compute the spectral measure associated with the dynamics of a protein molecule with a 20,046‐dimensional state space and compute nonlinear Koopman modes with error bounds for turbulent flow past aerofoils with Reynolds number >105 that has a 295,122‐dimensional state space.
Review of recent progress on solid‐state millimeter‐wave and terahertz signal sources
Authors: Shan Yiqian , Liang Yuan , Li Chenyang , Sun Weifeng , Fang Zhongyuan 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThe research and development on solid‐state source generators have been making progress on chip, aiming to generate low noise, high output power, and high DC‐to‐RF energy efficiency in the millimeter‐wave (mmW) and terahertz (THz) domains. In particular, their full integration in silicon technologies, such as advanced complementary‐metal‐oxide‐semiconductor processes, has motivated the design of low cost, high performance, and miniature integrated circuits (ICs). This manuscript focuses on providing a general overview of recent progress on solid‐state signal source operating beyond 60 GHz till the THz region, from the perspective of operating principle, design metrics, state‐of‐the‐art performance, testing results, and their applications in emerging mmW/THz systems. Finally, with the use of fully integrated source generators, several design arts are highlighted to showcase the recent advances of ICs toward millimeter‐wave and THz radiation, imaging, coupled oscillator network (CON), and communication. Potential future research directions enabled by mmW/THz signal sources will be envisioned.