bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of three dose of Intra articular PRP in OA Knee
Authors: Chaubey Ankit , Jha Amit Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Patel Swaroop , Singh Amit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis of knee develops after induction of cytokine and enzyme mediated damage to the articular cartilage. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has been found to have high concentrations of growth factors which serve to promote local angiogenesis, modulate inflammation, inhibit catabolic enzymes and cytokines.
Methods
Total of 76 patients (100 knees) of OA Knee were studied. Functional outcome were analyzed after giving 3 doses of PRP one month apart, on the basis of VAS, Lequesne Index and WOMAC Score. At first visit patients were analyzed with WOMAC score, VAS Score, K-L grading and Lequesne Index. At second visit after one month, they were checked for WOMAC and VAS score. On third visit after 8 weeks, we checked for WOMAC score VAS score and. After receiving 3 injections one month apart, patients were called after 6 months for clinical evaluations through WOMAC, VAS, and Lequesne Index.
Results
It was found that there was significant change of WOMAC Score pre-injection (56.175) to post-Injection follow-up at 6 months (38.581). The VAS Score changed significantly from 6.76 pre-injection to 2.15 at 6-month follow- up. The Lequesne Index changed significantly form pre-injection 7.20 ± 0.789 to 4.60 ± 0.966 at 6 months and results were significant in both KL grade 2 as well as KL Grade 3.
Conclusions
6 months follow up of 3 doses of PRP injection has been shown to yield promising results in terms of pain and functional outcomes in mild to moderate grade of OA Knee.
Xuanfudaizhe Decoction Alleviate Reflux Esophagitis through Inhibition of NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway
Authors: liu ju , Wang Yi , Dai Lu , Miao Jiameng , Liu Yating , Liu Yuan , Guo Manman , Qi Jingtian , Yuan Hongxia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a clinically common digestive disease, and the main pathological manifestation of RE is esophageal mucosa inflammatory damage. Xuanfu Daizhe (XFDZ) decoction is a traditional Chinese herbal compound that is famous for RE treatment, but the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of XFDZ remains largely unknown.
Methods: The active ingredients of XFDZ were detected using the ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). The rat model of RE was established with pylorus clamp and 2/3 fundus of stomach ligated. XFDZ (8.55 g/kg) and Omeprazole + Mosapride (1.35 g/kg) were orally administered for 14 days. Pathology of esophageal mucosal inflammation was evaluated under microscopy by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. In vitro, by inducing cellular inflammatory response with glycocholic and taurocholic acid mixture (PH 4.7 acid medium added 500 μmol/L concentration of mixed bile acids) in human esophageal epithelial cells(HEEC). The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected using JC-1 fluorescence mitochondrial imaging. The mtDNA copy number was determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Fluorescent probe DCFH-DA was used to detect ROS. The relative fluorescence expression of NLRP3 inflammasome was determined by high-intension cell imaging and quantitative fluorescence techniques. ELISA was used to detect and quantify inflammatory cytokines related to the NLRP3 inflammasome. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate proteins that are associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Results: Twenty chemical components such as alkaloids and flavonoids were identified in the analysis of XFDZ, which may be the material basis for XFDZ to exert its effect. XFDZ can significantly reduce the contents of Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in serum of rats, and down-regulate the protein expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in esophageal tissue. The simulated reflux could decrease the membrane potential, increase the ROS production, decrease the relative expression of mtDNA and activate the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway in vitro. XFDZ had no obvious protective effect on the membrane potential and mtDNA, but could inhibit ROS production and the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.
Conclusion: We concluded that XFDZ could reduce the inflammatory damage in RE by inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway both in vitroand in vivo, indicating the capability of XFDZ as a promising drug for the treatment of RE.
Leveling the Playing Field: A Cost Comparison of Various Hourly-Reliable, Net-Zero Hydrogen Production Pathways
Authors: Bracci Justin , Sherwin Evan , Boness Naomi , Brandt Adam 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) as an energy carrier may play a role in various hard-to-abate subsectors, but to maximize emission reductions, hydrogen must have minimal life-cycle GHG emissions. One challenge is that different hydrogen production pathways have varying sources of emissions (onsite vs. upstream or embodied). These pathways can also have differing production schedules requiring storage to align hydrogen delivery with the operation needs of end-use facilities. Here we build a model that enables direct comparison of the cost of producing net-zero, hourly-reliable hydrogen from electricity- and fossil-based pathways assuming next-decade technology. To reach net-zero targets, we assume upstream and residual direct facility emissions are mitigated using negative emission technologies. The optimization-based techno-economic model developed for electrolysis production pathways suggests electricity-based solutions that are grid-tied will be lower cost (about $3.50/kg) than fossil-based pathways with upstream natural gas leakage greater than 4% (over $5.45/kg). Considering a next-decade business case where US Inflation Reduction Act tax credits are included and net-zero emission constraints are omitted, results suggest fossil-based production is lower cost compared to electricity-based alternatives, albeit at a higher emission intensity.
The inhibition of FKBP5 protects β cell survival under inflammation stress via AKT/FOXO1 signaling.
Authors: Liu Na , Li Rui , Cao Jing , Song Yao , Ma Miao , Liu Li , Liang Rui , Zheng Xiu , Wang sen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51, encoded by FKBP5 gene) has emerged as a critical regulator of mammalian endocrine stress responses and as a potential pharmacological target for metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, in β cells, which secrete the only glucose-lowering hormone—insulin, the expression and function of FKBP5 has not been documented. Here, using human pancreatic tissue and primary human islets, we demonstrated the abundant expression of FKBP5 in β cells, which displayed an responsive induction upon acute inflammatory stress mimicked by in vitro treatment with a cocktail of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α). To explore its function, siRNAs targeting FKBP5 and pharmacological inhibitor SAFit2 were applied both in clonal βTC-6 cells and primary human/mice islets. We found that FKBP5 inhibition promoted β cell survival, improved insulin secretion, and upregulated β cell functional gene expressions (Pdx1 and NKX6.1) in acute-inflammation stressed β cells. In primary human and mice islets, which constitutively suffer from inflammation stress during isolation and culture, FKBP5 inhibition also presented decent performance in improving islet function, in accordance with its protective effect against inflammation. Molecular studies found that FKBP5 is an important regulator for FOXO1 phosphorylation at Serine 256 and the subsequent nuclear translocation; Combining with the abundant expression of FKBP5 in β cells, this finding explains, as least partially, the unique constitutively cytoplasmic sub-cellular localization of FOXO1 protein. Meanwhile, silencing of FOXO1 abrogated the protective effect of FKBP5 inhibition, suggesting that it is the key downstream effector of FKBP5 in β cells. At last, taking advantage of pancreatic specimens from T2D patients and non-diabetic organ donors, we found a reduction of FKBP5 expression in β cells in T2D, which may indicate a FKBP5-inhibition mediated pro-survival mechanism against the complex stresses in T2D milieus.
Gastric-specific Drug Delivery With Ph-sensitive in-situ Gels: a Novel Approach to Targeting Oseltamivir Phosphate
Authors: Thirugnanasambandham Indhumathi , Pachiyappan Jey Kumar , Roychowdhury Parikshit , sengodan Senthil Periasamy , Kuppusamy Gowthamarajan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Oseltamivir phosphate (OP), which with its potential activity
competes with new generations on the market, was the most effective
influenza molecule. Researchers have created different forms of
modified-release dosage for OP in order to address the main
physical and chemical limitations and how the drug is metabolized
in the body, such as its low solubility, low absorption rate, the
short period of effectiveness, and high dosage requirements. This
study was aimed at creating a gastro-retentive in-situ
gelling system for OP that would enhance its duration of action and
bioavailability when taken orally. The formulation was developed
using the central composite statistical design approach and
consisted of sodium alginate and HPMC K 100 M combined with a
pH-sensitive in-situgel using a simple gelation process.
The sol-gel system was optimized through characterization methods
such as rheology, swelling, and gelling strength. The results
showed that a sustainable drug release at 60% for eight hours with
a non-fickian diffusion mechanism is achieved. The OP
in-situ gel was found to be an efficient drug delivery
system that remains buoyant in the gastric fluid and continues to
release the drug in the absorption window through an
in-vivofloating behavior study. The statistical
significance of the trial formulations demonstrated that this
dosage form design effectively achieved the desired drug
release.
RLV Integrated Guidance and Control Based on Adaptive High-order Sliding Mode
Authors: Li Zhiyu , Tian Bailing , Zhang Xiuyun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel integrated guidance and control algorithm based on adaptive high-order sliding mode is proposed for reusable launch vehicle (RLV) subject to unknown disturbances and actuator faults. We propose a time-varying barrier function-based adaptive control law to offset the effects of uncertainties. The remarkable feature of the developed algorithm is its ability to track the reference commands in finite time despite unknown disturbances and actuator faults, without designing the guidance law and attitude controller separately. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is confirmed by the simulation results.
Structured diagnostic scheme clinical experience sharing:a prospective study of 320 cases of fever of unknown origin
Authors: Jiang Lin , Wu Han , Zhao Sen , Zhang Yu , Song Ning 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

There has been little research on the long-term clinical outcomes of patients discharged due to undiagnosed fevers of unknown origin (FUO). The purpose of this study was to determine how fever of unknown origin (FUO) evolves over time and to determine the prognosis of patients in order to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Methods

Based on FUO structured diagnosis scheme, prospectively included 320 patients who hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 15,2016 to December 31,2019 with FUO, to analysis the cause of FUO、pathogenetic distribution and prognosis, and to compare the etiological distribution of FUO between different years, genders, ages, and duration of fever.

Results

Among the 320 patients, 279 were finally diagnosed through various types of examination or diagnostic methods, and the diagnosis rate was 87.2%. Among all the causes of FUO, 69.3% were infectious diseases, of which Urinary tract infection 12.8% and lung infection 9.7% were the most common. The majority of pathogens are bacteria. Among contagious diseases, brucellosis is the most common. Non-infectious inflammatory diseases were responsible for 6.3% of cases, of which systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)1.9% was the most common; 5% were neoplastic diseases; 5.3% were other diseases; and in (12.8%) of cases, the cause was unclear. In 2018–2019, the proportion of infectious diseases in FUO was higher than 2016–2017 (P < 0.05). The proportion of infectious diseases was higher in men and older FUO than in women and young and middle-aged (P < 0.05). According to follow-up, the mortality rate of FUO patients during hospitalization was low at 1.9%.

Conclusions

Infectious diseases are the principal cause of FUO. There are temporal differences in the etiological distribution of FUO, and the etiology of FUO is closely related to the prognosis. It is important to identify the etiology of patients with worsening or unrelieved disease.
Association between the risk of gastrointestinal cancer and hysterectomy from the National Health Insurance Database
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Yang Seung-Woo , Yoon Sang-Hee , Kim Myoung Hwan , Seo Yong-Soo , Lee Yujin , Kim Jungbin , Yang Keunho , Gwak Geumhee , Cho Hyunjin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Thisretrospective cohort study analyzed the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer in patients who underwent hysterectomy due to a benign gynecologic disease in comparison with the no hysterectomy group using Korean health insurance data.
Methods
This population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using insurance data provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2020. The hysterectomy group included 40- to 59-year-old women who underwent hysterectomy with uterine leiomyoma or uterine endometriosis from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014. The control group included women aged 40 to 59 years who visited medical institutions for medical examination from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014.
Results
The hysterectomy and no hysterectomy groups comprised 66,204 and 89,768 subjects, respectively. The median ages in the no hysterectomy group and hysterectomy group were 48 (range: 43–53) and 46 (range: 44–49) years, respectively. In the unadjusted results of the analysis, all colorectal cancer (CRC) increased in the hysterectomy alone group (HR 1.222, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.016-1.47, p = 0.033), sigmoid colon cancer increased in the hysterectomy alone group (HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.073-2.724, p = 0.024), and rectal cancer increased in the hysterectomy with adnexal surgery group (HR 1.924, 95% CI 1.073-2.724, p = 0.002). The adjusted results showed that all CRC increased in the hysterectomy alone group (HR 1.406, 95% CI 1.057-1.871, p = 0.019), colon cancer increased in the hysterectomy alone group (HR 1.523, 95% CI 1.068-2.17, p = 0.02), and rectal cancer increased in the hysterectomy with adnexal surgery group (HR 1.933, 95% CI 1.131-3.302, p = 0.016). The all-cause mortality of GI cancer increased in the hysterectomy alone group (HR 3.495, 95% CI 1.347-9.07, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
This study showed that the risk of all CRC increased in women who underwent hysterectomy compared with women who did not. In particular, the risk of rectal cancer was significantly higher in the women who underwent hysterectomy with adnexal surgery than in the controls.
Reliability classes in inventory models
Authors: Adrián Diego , Badía F. Germán , Sangüesa Carmen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present paper we study generalizations of some of the inventory models with non-linear costs considered in Rosling (2002). In particular we unify several models presented in the previous paper, by considering a random lead time and also by considering both discrete and continuous demands. In the unified model, we study conditions on the leadtime and the demand distribution guaranteeing the quasi-convexity of the cost function (and therefore the existence of optimal (s,S) policies), which will particularize to specific well-known models. Concretely, we study the case in which there is no cost per time period with backlogging, thus giving more general conditions than the existing in the literature for specific models. Moreover a random leadtime for the compound renewal model with periodic review is considered for first time. Our results rely mainly on reliability properties of the random variables under consideration.
2000 Mathematics subject classification: 62E10; 60E15
Controlling period-doubling route to chaos phenomena of roll oscillations of a biased ship in regular sea waves
Authors: Kumar Ranjan , Mitra Ranjan Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Dynamics, control, and stability of roll oscillations of a biased ship in regular sea waves are investigated. The ship under roll oscillation is modeled as the classical Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator with strongly nonlinear asymmetric restoring moment characteristics. The incremental harmonic balance (IHB) method, amended with a pseudo-arc-length continuation approach, is employed to obtain the uncontrolled and controlled frequency responses. The primary and subharmonic responses of the uncontrolled system are examined through the period-doubling route to chaos path. The same ship roll model is then investigated under state feedback control with time delay. In the control scheme, a moving weight is actuated by the delay controller to generate the anti-rolling moment. The stability of periodic responses is studied using the semi-discretization method with extended Floquet theory. Bifurcation points on periodic response branches are identified from the eigenvalue study. The effect of gains and time delay in the feedback loop in controlling the primary and subharmonic responses is investigated. Several chaotic responses obtained through period-doubling route to chaos paths are successfully controlled. Stable, periodic, and steady-state solutions obtained from the IHB method are verified by numerical integration (NI) of the equation of motion as and when applicable. Solutions are aided with phase portrait, Poincaré map, time history, and Fourier spectrum for better clarity. It is shown that appropriate selections of control parameters can effectively reduce the roll amplitude to a great extent with the improved measure of stability.
Design and study of a novel thermoelectric tool cooling system for turning applications
Authors: P Jayaprakash , D Arulkirubakaran , R Malkiya Rasalin Prince , I Darwin Immanuel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tool cooling is an essential process in machining which is usually carried out using cutting fluids with different application strategies. Thermoelectric effect can be considered as the confined manipulation of organic principles such as the conversion of heat energy to electrical energy and vice-versa in various configurations, depending on the entity applied. The stream of manufacturing is fastly moving towards sustainability, stressing the requirement of an innovative cooling system that would not provoke undesirable consequences while being disposed of. The attempts of rectifying this chronic issue in manufacturing has produced apparently feasible solutions such as Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) and Cold-air cooling (CAC) that have produced surface characteristics in workpieces similar to those while using conventional tool cooling techniques. The current work is based on the experimental investigation of the performance of a newly designed compact thermoelectric cooling system in improving the machinability of a superalloy specimen under different machining conditions.
Effect of growth rates on hormonal and pubertal status in Nellore heifers early weaned
Authors: Junior Marcos Vinicius Castro Ferraz , Santos M.H. , Oliveira G.B. , Polizel D.M. , Barroso J.P.R. , Nogueira G.P. , Gouvea V.N. , Carvalho P.H.V. , Biava J. , Ferreira E.M. , Pires Alexandre 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of growth rates on the hormonal status and puberty onset. Forty-eight Nellore heifers weaned at 3.0 ± 0.1 months old were blocked according to BW at weaning (84 ± 2 kg) and randomly assigned to treatments. The treatments were arranged in 2 x 2 factorial according to the feeding program. The first program was high (H; 0.79 kg/day) or control (C; 0.45 kg/day) ADG from 3rd to 7th month of age (growing phase I). The second program was also high (H; 0.70 kg/day) or control (C; 0.50 kg/day) ADG from the 7th month until puberty (growing phase II), resulting in four treatments: HH (n = 13), HC (n = 10), CH (n = 13) and CC (n = 12). To achieve desired gains, heifers in high ADG program were fed ad libitum dry matter intake (DMI), and the control group was offered around 50% of ad libitum DMI of high group. All heifers received a diet with similar composition. Puberty was assessed weekly by ultrasound examination, and the largest follicle diameter was evaluated every month. Blood samples were collected monthly to quantify leptin, IGF1, and LH. At 7 months of age, heifers in high ADG were 35 kg heavier than the control. Heifers in the HH had greater DMI compared with CH in phase II. The puberty rate at 19 months old was greater in the HH treatment (84%) than in the CC (23%), but there was no difference between HC (60%) and CH (50%) treatments. Heifers from HH treatment had greater serum leptin concentration than others at 13 months old, and serum leptin was greater in HH compared with CH and CC at 18 months old. High heifers in phase I had greater serum IGF1 concentration than the control. In addition, HH heifers had a greater diameter of the largest follicle than CC. There was no interaction between phases and age in any variable relative to the luteinizing hormone (LH) profile. However, the heifers` age was the main factor that increased the frequency of LH pulse. In conclusion, increasing ADG was associated with greater ADG, serum leptin and IGF-1 concentration, and puberty onset; however, LH concentration was affected mainly by age of the animal. The increasing growth rate at younger age made heifers more efficient.