bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predisposing Factors Determining the Rearing Performance of Muga Silkworm (Antheraea assamensis Helfer): A Review
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Kumar Vikram , Guha Lopamudra , Hridya H. , Indirakumar K. , Majumdar M. 
Published: January 2023

Muga silkworm (Antheraea assamensis Helfer) is endemic to North-Eastern India, and colour designates it as golden silk. From time immemorial, many ethnic and tribal groups have produced muga silk. Muga silk has a special status due to its natural golden-yellow colour. Semi-domesticated muga silkworm (Antheraea assamensis Helfer) is multivoltine in nature and commercial rearing is conducted during the spring (Jethua) and autumn (Kotia) seasons. The muga silkworm is a mono race with little genetic variation among populations, rearing is completely in an open environment and is subject to various diseases, pests and predators. Due to unpredictable weather conditions, natural calamities along with disease outbreak and natural enemies, the muga silk production has been affected dramatically. To improve the productivity of this silkworm it is important to have a better knowledge of the factors that affect the most to this silkworm. So, the present study is mainly discussed about factors responsible for the rearing of muga silkworm.
Oral Magnesium Supplements for Management of Pediatric Asthma Patients
Authors: Fawzy Omar Samah , Metwally Elkasrawy Mohamed , Zaki Elmeazawy Rehab , Abd El-Moamen Soliman Ghada , Abd El-Basset Abo El-Ezz Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

Background: Asthma is the most widespread chronic paediatric condition, and Mg is one of the body's most plentiful ions. Due to its bronchodilator activity, it is used to treat acute asthma attacks by reversing bronchospasm. Our aim was to study the oral Mg supplementation effect as an adjuvant in the management of asthmatic children in between the attacks of asthma.
Methods: This case control study included eighty children, aged from 4 to 17 years old and were grouped into three groups group A, B, and control group. Group A included 40 moderate and severe asthmatic children who received oral Mg supplementation for two months plus ordinary treatment of asthma. Group B involved twenty asthmatic children who were given ordinary asthma treatment only and twenty healthy children with apparently age and sex matched were served as control group.
Results: Family history of allergies, serum Mg, pulmonary function tests were statistically significant different between studied groups. There was a negative significant relation between asthma severity and both of serum Mg and pulmonary function tests. A positive significant correlation was found between serum Mg and pulmonary function tests.
Conclusion: Serum Mg level and pulmonary function tests were significantly lower in asthmatic children. Children with asthma who were given oral Mg supplementation showed improvement in their pulmonary function tests and serum Mg level and asthma severity.
Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of β-carotene on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Khanam Khadiza , Mostofa Kamal A. H. M. , Yeasmin Mim , Rajia Sultana 
Published: January 2023

Objective: A vital anti-oxidant, β-carotene has the capacity to reduce reactive oxidative stress, metabolic syndrome such as Type 2 (T2) Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and prevent inflammation, obesity, alzheimer and cardiovascular diseases in human. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of β-carotene on streptozotocin (STZ)- induced T2DM rats.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wister rats through the intraperitoneal administration of STZ (50 mg/kg b.w.). Antihyperlipidemic activities of β-carotene were evaluated by oral dose (10 mg/70 kg b.w.) once daily for 21 days. Metformin (12.1 mg/kg b.w.) was used as a positive control.
Results: Blood samples of rats were drawn by tail vein puncture and cardiac puncture to determine the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), respectively. The result of individual treatment of β-carotene and metformin significantly (p<0.001) reversed the diabetes induced increase in FBG, LDL, TC and TG, whereas pointedly increased the STZ-induced decrease in HDL, if compared to the diabetic control.
Conclusion: The monotherapy of β-carotene had important antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects and provided a scientific rationale for their use in antidiabetic therapy as a potential antioxidant.
Occupancy, density, and activity patterns of a Critically Endangered leopard population on the Kawthoolei‐Thailand border
Authors: Greenspan Evan , Montgomery Clara , Stokes Demelza , K'lu Saw Say , Moo Saw Sha Bwe , Anile Stefano , Giordano Anthony J. , Nielsen Clayton K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLarge carnivores have been largely extirpated from Southeast Asia due to deforestation, habitat fragmentation, and poaching. Estimating the density of endangered carnivore populations, and identifying relationships between species occupancy and both environmental and anthropogenic factors, is essential for effective conservation planning. Recently, the IUCN conservation status of the Indochinese leopard (Panthera pardus delacouri) was upgraded to “Critically Endangered.” We surveyed Kweekoh Wildlife Sanctuary in Kawthoolei, an area administered by the Karen ethnic group in eastern Myanmar, to quantify (1) leopard population density using spatially explicit mark‐resight (SMR) models, (2) leopard occupancy as influenced by important ecological variables, and (3) potential differences in activity between melanistic and spotted leopard morphs. Leopard density was estimated to be 1.39 ± SE 0.22/100 km2. Leopard occupancy (ψ = 0.43; 95% credible interval: 0.26–0.67) increased further from roads, at relatively higher elevations, and in areas with higher relative abundance of wild boar. Leopard activity was cathemeral, with higher activity during night hours, and significant overlap (Δ = 0.84; 95% confidence interval: 0.71–0.96) between melanistic and spotted morphs. However, melanistic leopards were more active during twilight hours than spotted individuals whose activity did not significantly vary throughout the day. Indochinese leopard density estimates in Kweekoh were among the lowest reported from Southeast Asia. Leopard occupancy was highest in the sanctuary's core areas, suggesting the presence of negative anthropogenic impacts along the sanctuary borders. We suggest our low density estimates warrant immediate and decisive conservation action, including better protection for leopards, their habitat, and their prey.
Dialcohol Cellulose Nanocrystals Enhanced Polymerizable Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Based Self‐Healing Ion Conductors with Ultra‐Stretchability and Sensitivity
Authors: Sun Xia , Zhu Yeling , Yu Zhengyang , Liang Yalan , Zhu Jiaying , Jiang Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, ion conductors have been extensively explored in various fields due to their flexibility, sensitivity, and conductivity. However, ultrastretchable and self‐healing ion conductors with wide sensing ranges and high sensitivity are rarely reported. In this study, dialcohol cellulose nanocrystals (DCNCs) are successfully fabricated by sequential periodate oxidization and reduction and introduced them into polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (PDES) to prepare nanocomposite ion conductors. Due to the high dispersity of DCNCs in PDES, the obtained ion conductors exhibit improved tensile strain (3869 ± 607.21%) and tensile stress (0.220 ± 0.022 MPa) simultaneously, and display self‐healing ability in terms of both electrical and mechanical properties. In addition, the ion conductors are able to detect human motions by transmitting deformation into resistance signals even after self‐healing, which prolongs the service life. Generally, this study paves the way for the design of self‐healing and stretchable ion conductors for wearable electronics.
Association of dietary intake with body mass index and glycemic profile among newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wasana Keddagoda Gamage Piyumi , Attanayake Anoja Priyadarshani , Weerarathna Thilak Priyantha , Amarasekera Devpura Arachchige Bandumalee Nimalshanthi , Jayatilaka Kamani Ayoma Perera Wijewardana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionDietary intake plays an important role in determining body mass index (BMI) and glycemic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our aim was to describe habitual dietary intake and its associations with BMI and glycemic profile in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in Sri Lanka.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out among 158 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in Galle, Sri Lanka. Data on demographic, lifestyle, and family history of diabetes mellitus, and clinical measures were collected. The dietary information was collected using a 24‐h dietary recall.ResultsAmong the total number of study subjects, only 12.0%, 5.7% and 1.3% met the recommended daily consumption value of protein, fat, and fiber, respectively, whereas 99.4% of subjects had taken carbohydrates that exceeded the recommended consumption. There was a positive association between carbohydrate intake and BMI (0.004, [0.002], p = .048) and carbohydrate intake and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) (0.001, [0.000], p = .049). Fat intake showed positive associations with BMI (0.029, [0.011], p = .006) and HbA1C (0.005, [0.002], p = .050). Protein intake showed a positive association with HbA1C (0.006, [0.003], p = .023). The aforementioned associations were observed after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and history of diabetes among the first‐degree family members. The carbohydrate intake was positively associated with BMI (0.010, [0.003], p = .003) and HbA1C (0.001, [0.000], p = .050) with further adjustment in nutrient intake (except when used as an independent variable). Furthermore, the fat intake was associated with BMI (0.031, [0.011], p = .004) and HbA1C (0.005 [0.002], p = .050) with additional adjustments.ConclusionsThe diet of the majority of newly diagnosed T2DM patients in this cohort consisted of a higher carbohydrate intake than the recommended level. However, they did not meet the recommended daily intake of protein, fat, and fiber. Both carbohydrate and fat intake were significantly and positively associated with BMI and HbA1C in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.
Anxiety, emotions, and thoughts of veterinary medicine students during their first visit to the dissection room
Authors: Terrado José , Gómez Olga , Chicharro Deborah , García‐Manzanares Maria , Juárez Miriam , Romo‐Barrientos Carmen , Mohedano‐Moriano Alicia , Criado‐Álvarez Juan José 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe use of cadavers is essential for veterinary anatomy learning. However, facing an animal corpse can be stressful for veterinary students because of their empathy toward animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate veterinary medicine students' emotions, feelings, and anxiety levels related to practicals with dog cadavers. Two questionnaires were administered to 1st year students (n = 168) at CEU Cardenal Herrera University in Valencia (Spain) before and after their first practical session with cadavers. The application of State–Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaires showed that “state anxiety” decreased significantly (p < 0.05), from a score of 14.8 before the practical to 10.4 after, and that female students showed higher but not significantly different levels than males. Most (64%) of the students were not willing to donate the bodies of their pets, and those students were more stressed before the practical than their peers, although their anxiety levels significantly decreased by the end of the session. The majority of the students answered positively about emotions, such as feeling calm, safe, not nervous, relaxed and not worried before the practical, and this increased significantly to more than 80% by the end of the session. The visualization of educational videos prior to the session was evaluated positively by students. These results agree with those reported in other health science disciplines, showing that students face practical sessions with corpses in a similar way and suggesting that the use of videos can help decrease anxiety and enhance their learning experience.
1T‐MoS2 Enriched Hierarchical MoS2/MoO3 Produced by Phase Transformation for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Lu Yi , Liu Yi‐Xuan , Tian Ge , Yang Xiao‐Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, transition metal sulfides have been widely studied in the context of their use as electrocatalysts. The electrocatalytic propensity of the classical semiconductor MoS2, which exists in the 1T and 2H phase structures, has attracted extensive attention. Therefore, the synthesis of highly active and stable MoS2‐based catalysts has become the goal of many research efforts. We recently developed a method that can be utilized to prepare the MoS2/MoO3 heterojunction in a phase‐controlled manner. 1T‐MoS2 phase enriched MoS2/MoO3 heterojunction can be generated using a simple hydrothermal and acid treatment sequence and that the heterojunction has a unique three‐dimensional structure, large active surface area, and therefore achieve a low overpotential and high catalytic current density, as well as long‐term stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Black hole binaries with natal kicks
Authors: Santiago‐Leandro Edwin , Aviles Clarissa , Batta Aldo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the viability of obtaining large natal kicks during the formation of massive black holes (BHs) by studying the asymmetric mild explosion of 21 M⊙ pre‐supernova stellar models, by means of 3D Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. Our preliminary results show either smaller or higher values for the final velocity of the BH than the reduced velocity expected from BH mass accretion, depending on the energy of the explosion.
An Aqueous Manganese‐Ion Battery with NaV6O15/C Microrods as a Stable Mn2+ Storage Host
Authors: Soundharrajan Vaiyapuri , Lee Jun , Kim Sungjin , Kim Jung Ho , Hwang Jang‐Yeon , Kim Jaekook 
Published: January 2023

AbstractManganese‐ion batteries (MIBs) involving aqueous electrolytes are regarded as next‐generation energy‐storage systems for utilization in safe and non‐flammable, grid‐scale energy‐storing appliances. For practical application, it is very important to establish a stable cathode with a high capacity and stable cycle life. In this respect, vanadium‐based layered oxides have been well demonstrated as suitable cathodes for aqueous‐electrolyte‐based batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and adequate working voltage. However, the dissolution of vanadium in the aqueous electrolyte directly affects the cycle life of the vanadium‐based layered oxides. In the present study, a carbon‐coating approach is established to boost the rate capability and cycling stability of the NaV6O15 (NVO) cathode. When employed as a cathode for MIBs, the carbon‐coated NaV6O15 (NVO/C) supplies a stable recoverable capacity of 149 mAh g−1 at 0.4 A g−1 after the 1600 consecutive cycles with 88 % capacity retention, along with a rapid Mn2+ storage ability of 6000 cycles at 3.0 A g−1 with 74 % capacity retention.
Interpreting fossilized nervous tissues
Authors: Aria Cédric , Vannier Jean , Park Tae‐Yoon S. , Gaines Robert R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPaleoneuranatomy is an emerging subfield of paleontological research with great potential for the study of evolution. However, the interpretation of fossilized nervous tissues is a difficult task and presently lacks a rigorous methodology. We critically review here cases of neural tissue preservation reported in Cambrian arthropods, following a set of fundamental paleontological criteria for their recognition. These criteria are based on a variety of taphonomic parameters and account for morphoanatomical complexity. Application of these criteria shows that firm evidence for fossilized nervous tissues is less abundant and detailed than previously reported, and we synthesize here evidence that has stronger support. We argue that the vascular system, and in particular its lacunae, may be central to the understanding of many of the fossilized peri‐intestinal features known across Cambrian arthropods. In conclusion, our results suggest the need for caution in the interpretation of evidence for fossilized neural tissue, which will increase the accuracy of evolutionary scenarios. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/2_JlQepRTb0
Decitabine combined with RDHAP regimen in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Kong Xiaoshuang , Zhang Xudong , Ding Mengjie , Feng Xiaoyan , Dong Meng , Zhang Lei , Fu Xiaorui , Li Ling , Li Xin , Sun Zhenchang , Yan Jiaqin , Wang Xinhua , Wu Xiaolong , Chen Qingjiang , Zhang Mingzhi , Zhu Linan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is an urgent need for effective treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (R/R‐DLBCL). This trial investigated the efficacy of decitabine in combination with rituximab, cisplatin, cytarabine, dexamethasone (RDHAP) in R/R‐DLBCL.Methods56 patients were divided into two groups (decitabine‐RDHAP group. n = 35; RDHAP group, n = 21). The primary endpoints were the overall response rate (ORR) and duration of remission (DOR). Secondary objectives were toxicity, progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsThe ORR was 40% and 33% for decitabine‐RDHAP and RDHAP groups, respectively, with no difference between the groups. The DOR for the decitabine‐RDHAP regimen was higher than that for the RDHAP regimen (p = 0.044). After a median follow‐up of 12.0 months, the median PFS and OS were 7.0 and 17.0 months for in the decitabine‐RDHAP group and 5.0 and 9.0 months in the RDHAP group with no significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.47, 0.17). The incidence of adverse events was not significantly different between groups.ConclusionThe decitabine‐RDHAP regimen is effective and well tolerated, and is a promising salvage regimen for R/R‐DLBCL.
Possible Mechanism of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants Seed Extract Suppresses the Migration and Invasion of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells SMMC‐7721
Authors: Huang Jing , Hao Junmei , Nie Jintao , Qian Ruihua , Li Haiying , Zhao Jiayuan , Wang Yanan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMexican tea (Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants) is rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids and could be a potential medicinal herb that can be used for prevention of human hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of this study was to elaborate the possible mechanism for the prevention or treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using Mexican tea, and to provide new avenues for the utilization of the invasive plant. In this study, the D. ambrosioides seed extracts (CSE) were analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and the effects of CSE on proliferation, migration, invasion, and gene expression of SMMC‐7721 cells were investigated. Eight compounds were identified in CSE, and the compound with the highest content was ascaridole (25.82 %). The proliferation was significantly inhibited by CSE (p<0.05), and IC50 values were 0.587 g/L, 0.360 g/L, and 0.361 g/L at 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h, respectively. Migration and invasion were significantly inhibited (p<0.05). The network pharmacology and transcriptome analysis indicated that 2‐hydroxy‐2,6,6‐trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan‐3‐one, cis‐11‐eicosenoic acid and 2‐ethylcyclohexanone might be the active compounds. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway, which is related to migration and invasion, was significantly altered; this was verified by western blot assay. The expression of wnt11, lef1 and mmp7 genes in SMMC‐7721 cells was significantly down‐regulated (p<0.05), while gsk‐3β was significantly up‐regulated (p<0.05). These results indicate that CSE inhibits the invasion and migration of SMMC‐7721 cells in hepatocellular carcinoma through the Wnt signaling pathway.
Dropout AlexNet‐extreme learning optimized with fast gradient descent optimization algorithm for brain tumor classification
Authors: Mary Adline Priya M. , S Joseph Jawhar 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBrain tumor is caused by the growth of abnormal cells, which forms a mass and affects the brain functions. The existing methods did not provide sufficient accuracy with high computational complexity. Therefore, in this manuscript, a Dropout AlexNet‐Extreme Learning optimized with Fast Gradient Descent optimization algorithm is proposed for detecting and classifying images of brain tumor. Here, the input magnetic resonance imaging images are taken from three datasets: BRATS dataset, ISLES dataset, and RemBRANDT Dataset. Then the imageries are preprocessed to remove the noise as well as improve the superiority of the images. The image features are extracted using the Gray‐Level Co‐Occurrence Matrix methods. The extracted features are given to the Dropout AlexNet‐XtremeLearning Machine architecture for classification. Finally, the DrpXLM classifier classifying the brain images as benign, malignant, and normal. The simulation is implemented in MATLAB. For BRATS dataset, the proposed strategy achieves34.64%, 45.36%, and 33.32% higher accuracy for benign, 37.85%, 28.94%, and 56.74% higher accuracy for malignant and 46.76%, 38.96%, and 44.86% better accuracy for normal compared with the existing methods, like Gaussian filters and long short‐term memory based brain tumor detection (GF‐LSTM‐BTD), Shannon's‐Entropy and Social‐Group‐Optimization based brain tumor detection (SE‐SGO‐BTD), Alex and Google networks with softmax layer based brain tumor detection (AGN‐SOFT‐BTD).
Identifying Genetic Regulators of Protein‐Glycan Interactions with Genome‐Wide CRISPR Screening
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Vignesh , Daly John , Wisnovsky Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlycans are carbohydrate molecules appended to proteins and lipids on the surface of all living cells. Glycans play key roles in a wide array of biological processes, and structural changes in cell‐surface glycosylation patterns have been connected to pathogenesis of several diseases. In particular, cancer cells frequently upregulate expression of glycans that bind to inhibitory receptors (lectins) on immune cells. These glycosylated antigens systematically inhibit immune activity and protect cancer cells from immune surveillance. Understanding how cancer cells generate these glycan ligands can thus lead to identification of novel druggable targets for therapeutic intervention. However, glycan ligand biosynthesis is subject to extremely complex genetic regulation, making it difficult to identify the key genes involved in production of immune‐regulatory glycan antigens. In a recent publication, we described a CRISPR/Cas9 screening approach to identify genes that drive synthesis of ligands for glycan‐binding immune receptors. Here, we outline a detailed, step‐by‐step protocol for completing this type of genome‐wide screen. Our protocol produces a genome‐wide atlas of all genes whose expression is required for cell‐surface binding of a recombinant immune lectin. This dataset can be used both to identify novel ligands for immune lectins and annotate regulatory genes that drive changes in cancer‐associated glycosylation. Our protocol serves as a general resource for researchers interested in the detailed study of cancer glyco‐immunology. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of a genome‐wide CRISPR library using lentiviral transductionSupport Protocol: Generation of dCas9KRAB‐expressing K‐562 cellsBasic Protocol 2: Staining of genome‐wide CRISPR libraries with Siglec‐Fc reagents and fluorescence‐activated cell sortingBasic Protocol 3: Library amplification and sequencingBasic Protocol 4: Data analysis and hit identification