bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysregulated Glycerophospholipid Metabolism and ChAT Overexpression in Wrap-Restraint Stress-Induced IBS Mice: A Multi-Omics Approach to Gut-Brain Axis Disruption and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhou Yanlin , Li Fuhao , Sun Shaopeng , Guo Lingnan , Xu Maosheng , Lv Bin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects a significant portion of the global population. Despite extensive research in recent years, the pathophysiology of IBS remains poorly understood, and there is currently no definitive cure for the condition. However, recent advances in high-throughput technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have allowed for exploration of IBS at the multi-omics level. These approaches enable us to examine IBS from multiple perspectives and identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the condition.
Methods:This study employed a comprehensive multi-omics investigation on the IBS model induced by “wrap-restraint stress”, revealing significant abnormalities in systemic glycerophospholipid metabolism within the gut-brain axis.
Results:Metabolomics analysis demonstrated decreased phosphatidylcholine (PC) content and increased lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) levels in multiple tissues of IBS mice. Concurrently, transcriptomic analysis indicated increased transcription of Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), a crucial enzyme involved in the acetylcholine synthesis pathway. To explore potential therapies, we administered α-NETA, a ChAT inhibitor, to IBS mice in subsequent experiments. Remarkably, α-NETA treatment improved various IBS-like symptoms, including increased body weight, decreased visceral sensitivity, reduced fecal water content, and alleviated anxiety-like behaviors. Additionally, α-NETA administration significantly elevated PC levels in multiple tissues while reducing the levels of Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), an enzyme responsible for PC degradation into lyso-PC.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that elevated levels of acetylcholine induced by ChAT overexpression and enhanced activity induce gut-brain axis disturbances and a variety of IBS-like symptoms in mice. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting glycerophospholipid metabolism and ChAT as a promising approach for managing IBS.
Gap control method for electrochemical milling machining under robot trajectory error perturbation
Authors: Yu Liang , Fang Ming , Jiang Lijun , Chu Xu Feng , Hou Liang Liang , Cheng Xu , Wang Jun Long 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Industrial robots have great potential for highly flexible manufacturing of complex and difficult-to-machine parts due to their advantages of high flexibility, high dexterity, and strong sensing ability. Also, electrochemical milling machining methods have important application prospects in the efficient and precise machining of difficult-to-cut machined part materials. Robotic electrochemical milling is now becoming a hot spot in the research of new electrochemical machining technology. However, the weak stiffness and low precision of industrial robots themselves will produce errors in the normal gap in electrochemical milling. The inter-electrode gap directly affects the process performance of electrochemical machining in terms of machining accuracy and surface quality. To reduce the effect of robot trajectory error perturbations on the interpolar gap, real-time control of the machining gap is required. In this paper, we propose a normal motion error correction control system that extends the seventh axis. Its gap control strategy is based on real-time measurement of the machining current, the current fluctuation is converted into a normal error compensation amount, and the end-effector completes the error amount of the machining gap compensation. The response performance of this gap control system was simulated and analyzed, and an experimental platform was designed and built. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the machining gap control servo system, experiments were carried out on the machining of flat workpieces. The experimental results surface that the method can effectively control the IEG fluctuation in robotic electrochemical milling within a small range, which ultimately improves the machining accuracy and surface quality of the parts.
Evaluating local primary health care actions to address health inequities: analysis of Australia's Primary Health Networks
Authors: Windle Alice , Javanparast Sara , Freeman Toby , Baum Fran 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Meso-level, regional primary health care organisations such as Australia’s Primary Health Networks (PHNs) are well placed to address health inequities through comprehensive primary health care approaches. This study aimed to examine the equity actions of PHNs and identify factors that hinder or enable the equity-orientation of PHNs’ activities.
Methods
Analysis of all 31 PHNs’ public planning documents, case study interviews with a sample of five PHNs’ stakeholders, and analysis of internal planning guidance documents, employing an existing framework to examine equity actions.
Results
PHNs displayed clear intentions and goals for health equity and collected considerable evidence of health inequities. However, their planned activities were largely restricted to individualistic clinical and behavioural approaches, with little to facilitate access to other health and social services, or act on the broader social determinants of health. PHNs’ equity-oriented planning was enabled by organisational values for equity, evidence of local health inequities, and engagement with local stakeholders. Equity-oriented planning was hindered by federal government constraints and lack of equity-oriented planning process mechanisms.
Conclusions
PHNs’ equity actions were limited. They need greater autonomy and systematic planning mechanisms to capitalise on their local evidence and connections to address health inequities.
Logarithmic-Function And Geometric Algebra Based Variable Step-size Least Mean Square Algorithm.
Authors: shahzad khurram , WANG RUI 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recently, adaptive filtering algorithms have attracted much more attention in the field of signal processing.To make improvement in the performance of sigmoid function and geometric algebra based least mean square algorithm (GA-SVSLMS), this article proposed the novel approach to adaptive filtering with variable step size based on logarithmic function and geometric algebra (GA). First, the presented approach to adaptive filtering with variable step size based on geometric algebra represents the multi-dimensional signal as a GA multi-vector for the vectorization process. Second, by establishing a non-linear relationship between the step size and the error signal to achieve fast convergence and small steady error under reasonable computational complexity. Furthermore, we analyze the influence of the parameters in the step change factor on the proposed algorithm. Simulation conclusion reveals that the algorithm outperforms existing variable step size LMS algorithms based on other functions in terms of convergence rate and steady state error.
Assessing the phytoextraction of cadmium, lead, and zinc from a slag-contaminated soil by legume species inoculated with rhizobial strains
Authors: Silva Jessyca Adriana Gomes Florêncio , de Freitas Ana Dolores Santiago , Silva Vinicius Santos Gomes da , Fernandes-Júnior Paulo Ivan , Fernandes Aline Melo , Souza Pablo Acácio dos Santos , de Oliveira Andressa Silva , Santos Nielson Machado , Nascimento Clístenes Williams Araújo do , Santos Carolina Etiene de Rosália e Silva 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Metal-polluted soils can pose a severe threat to the environment and need remediation. We assessed the potential of jack bean and mucuna inoculated with rhizobial strains on the phytoremediation of soils contaminated by lead (Pb) smelting activities in Santo Amaro, Bahia state, the most serious case of Pb contamination in Brazil. Plants were grown in pots containing soils with three contamination levels for Pb, cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) based on the distance from the chimney of the abandoned Pb smelter plant. Legumes and inoculated strains were tolerant to soil contamination. The BR 2811 strain is potentially indicated to increase jack bean biomass. The Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations in plants were highest when grown on the soil with the highest contamination level. We found significant interactions between strains and soil contamination levels for phytoextraction efficiency, although the very high metal contents in soil can make phytoextraction unfeasible due to the time required to bring the metals to regulatory concentrations. The Cd, Pb and Zn net removal from soil was proportional to increased contamination levels. The legumes did not show potential for Pb phytoextraction, but they have the potential for Zn phytoextraction and Cd phytostabilization. The BR 2811, BR 3501 and BR 7606 strains were the most promising to increase the phytoremediation potential of jack bean and mucuna.
Reprogramming a doxycycline-inducible gene switch system for bacteria-mediated cancer therapy
Authors: Ngo Hien Thi-Thu , Nguyen Dinh-Huy , You Sung-Hwan , Nguyen Khuynh Van , Kim So-Young , Hong Yeongjin , Min Jung-Joon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium is a potential biotherapeutic antitumor agent because it can colonize tumors and inhibit their growth. The present study aimed to develop a doxycycline (Doxy)-inducible gene switch system in attenuated S. Typhimurium and assess its therapeutic efficacy in various tumor-bearing mice models.
Procedures: A Doxy-inducible gene switch system comprising two plasmids was engineered to trigger expression of cargo genes (Rluc8 and clyA). Attenuated S. Typhimurium carrying Rluc8 were injected intravenously into BALB/c mice bearing CT26 tumors and bioluminescence images were captured at specified intervals post-administration of doxycycline. The tumor-suppressive effects of bacteria carrying clyA were evaluated in BALB/c mice bearing CT26 tumors and in C57BL/6 mice bearing MC38 tumors.
Results: Expression of fimE gene, induced only in the presence of Doxy, triggered a unidirectional switch of the POXB20 promoter to induce expression of the cargo genes. The switch event was maintained over a long period of bacterial culture. After intravenous injection of transformed Salmonella into mice bearing CT26 tumors, the bacteria transformed with the Doxy-inducible gene switch system for Rluc8 targeted only tumor tissues, and expressed the payloads 2 days after Doxy treatment. Notably, bacteria carrying the Doxy-inducible gene switch system for clyA effectively suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival, even after just one Doxy induction.
Conclusions: These results suggest that attenuated S. typhimurium carrying this novel gene switch system elicited significant therapeutic effects through a single induction triggering and were a potential biotherapeutic agent for tumor therapy.
Altered levels of cytokine, T- and B-lymphocytes, and PD-1 expression rates in drug- naïve schizophrenia patients with acute phase
Authors: Zheng Yali , Zhang Qi , Zhou Xianqin , Yao Linjuan , Zhu Quanfeng , Fu Zhengchuang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Altered immune function in patients with schizophrenia has been of great interest, and although many studies have explored the changes in peripheral immune cell levels in patients with acute-phase, relatively few studies have addressed the functional phenotype of immune cells and expression rates of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed cell death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1). The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of immune cells activation, PD-1/PD-1 expressions, and altered cytokine levels in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with acute-phase.
Methods
Drug-naïve schizophrenia patients in acute-phase and healthy individuals were enrolled in this study as experimental and control groups, separately. Socio-demographic information including gender, age, duration of illness, and smoking status was collected for each subject. The percentage of T-, B-, and natural killer (NK)-cells, as well as their expressions of PD-1/PD-L1, and the levels of cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, were examined.
Results
Drug-naïve schizophrenia patients in acute-phase had higher levels of peripheral blood CD4 + T cells and B cells, higher PD-1 expression in B cells, and lower levels of CD8 + T cells. In addition, IL-6 levels of peripheral blood were higher in schizophrenia patients (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Significant immune stress was present in schizophrenia patients with acute-phase.
Reducing Hand Radiation during Renal Access for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Comparison of Radiation Reduction Techniques
Authors: Chen Ricky , Joo Eun Hye , Baas Catalina , Hartman John , Amasyali Akin , Belle Joshua D. , Ritchie Cayde , Baldwin Elizabeth , Okhunov Zhamshid , Farkouh Ala’a , Baldwin D. Duane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy confers the highest radiation to the urologist’s hands compared to other urologic procedures. This study compares radiation exposure to the surgeon’s hand and patient’s body when utilizing three different techniques for needle insertion during renal access.
Methods
Simulated percutaneous renal access was performed using a cadaveric patient and separate cadaveric forearm representing the surgeon’s hand. Three different needle-holding techniques were compared: conventional glove (control), a radiation-attenuating glove, and a novel needle holder. Five 300-second fluoroscopy trials were performed per treatment arm. The primary outcome was radiation dose (mSv) to the surgeon’s hand. The secondary outcome was radiation dose to the patient. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s B post-hoc tests were performed with p<0.05 considered significant.
Results
Compared to the control (3.92 mSv), both the radiation-attenuating glove (2.48 mSv) and the needle holder (1.37 mSv) reduced hand radiation exposure (p<0.001). The needle holder reduced hand radiation compared to the radiation-attenuating glove (p<0.001). The radiation-attenuating glove resulted in greater radiation produced by the C-arm compared to the needle holder (83.49 vs 69.22 mGy; p=0.019). Patient radiation exposure was significantly higher with the radiation-attenuating glove compared to the needle holder (8.43 vs 7.03 mSv; p=0.027).
Conclusion
Though radiation-attenuating gloves decreased hand radiation dose by 37%, this came at the price of a 3% increase in patient exposure. In contrast, the needle holder reduced exposure to both the surgeon’s hand by 65% and the patient by 14%. Thus, a well-designed low-density needle holder could optimize radiation safety for both surgeon and patient.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach Based Grammatical Error Correction
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Hamza , Asghar Rabail , Hussain Muzammal , Farhan Muhammad , ALOTAIBI Faiz Abdullah , Alnfiai Mrim M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a field of study that focuses on the interaction between computers and human language. It encompasses various techniques and methodologies aimed at enabling machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language text or speech. NLP plays a crucial role in many applications, including machine translation, sentiment analysis, information retrieval, and Grammatical Error Correction (GEC). Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) is an important task in natural language processing that aims to automatically correct errors in written text. It involves detecting and correcting errors related to grammar, syntax, spelling, punctuation, and other linguistic aspects. However, existing study is solely based on classical machine learning and deep learning methods for GEC. This study proposes a new approach using a DQN model and leverages the C4_200M dataset to automate the GEC process. The main goal of this study is to optimize the selection of action-value function (Q-function) and train a DRL model for automatic grammatical error correction and set baseline results using reinforcement learning (RL) techniques. Findings show that the proposed DQN model outperformed machine learning and rule‑based techniques.
Stability of mechanically exfoliated layered monochalcogenides under ambient conditions
Authors: Hlushchenko Daria , Siudzinska Anna , Cybinska Joanna , Guzik Malgorzata , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Kudrawiec Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Monochalcogenides of groups III (GaS, GaSe) and VI (GeS, GeSe, SnS, and SnSe) are materials with interesting thickness-dependent characteristics, which have been applied in many areas. However, the stability of layered monochalcogenides (LMs) is a real problem in semiconductor devices that contain these materials; therefore, it is an important issue that needs to be explored. This article presents a comprehensive study of the degradation mechanism in mechanically exfoliated monochalcogenides in ambient conditions using Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy supported by structural methods. A higher stability (up to three weeks) was observed for GaS; the most reactive were Se-containing monochalcogenides. Surface protrusions appeared after the ambient exposure of GeSe was detected by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the degradation of GeS and GeSe flakes were observed in the operando experiment in transmission electron microscopy. Further, the amorphization of the material progressed from the flake edges. The reported results and conclusions on the degradation of LMs are useful to understand surface oxidation, air stability, and to fabricate stable devices with monochalcogenides. The results indicate that LMs are more challenging for exfoliation and optical studies than transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, or WSe2.
In Markov process, an extremal reversible measure is an extremal invariant measure
Authors: Yagisita Hiroki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We consider a discrete-time temporally-homogeneous conservative Markov process. We show that extremality of reversible measure implies extremality of invariant measure. Using analogue of Dirichlet form, we modify a proof that in stochastic Ising model (Glauber dynamics), an extreme Gibbs state is an extreme invariant measure.
Landed oligarchy harm schooling contribution to structural change: Lessons learned from Indonesia
Authors: Firdausy Carunia Mulya , Buhaerah Pihri 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Landed oligarchy is one of the long standing problems in many developing countries. As no recent studies examine this issue, this study aims at filling this research gap by analyzing specifically whether or not the landed oligarchic harms schooling contribution to the structural change by taking Indonesia as a case study. Using the Socio-economic Survey (SUSENAS) data and employing the expenditure and employment share approaches, it was found that higher-educated employment in Indonesia contributes positively to manufacturing and services. The employability of senior high school-educated workers is higher in the manufacturing sector while the service sectors are in favor of college-educated workers. However, the contribution of schooling is relatively limited if the landless household share is more than 40 percent. This study confirms that landed oligarchy harms higher-educated employment's contribution to Indonesia's structural transformation process. This evidenced-based research has valuable policy contributions, especially for the Asia Pacific, American Latin and African economies in rethinking the practices of land oligarchy to sustain their development programs. It is now or never.
JEL: Q15; Q18.
Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability by Modified DRASTIC Model and Analytic Hierarchy Process over Urban and Suburban Landscape of an Indian Megacity
Authors: Islam Kazi Hamidul , Das Reshmi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Groundwater is one of the major sources of freshwater on earth, so its quality and quantity are important. However, domestic water supply is a serious issue in megacities due to the enormous population growth and urban sprawl. This study analyses groundwater vulnerability in an Indian megacity Kolkata, where ⁓52% of the population are dependent on groundwater. Over the last thirty years, impervious surfaces over the studied area have increased about three times which resulted in the decrease of groundwater recharge. Based on the data analyses of the last two decades, it is observed that groundwater table has been depleting substantially towards the east and west from river Ganga that flows through the study area. To reduce groundwater contamination and recover groundwater table, an assessment of groundwater vulnerability is essential. The present study focuses on the modified DRASTIC model for groundwater vulnerability assessment. An additional parameter, land use land cover (LULC), was added to form the DRASTIC-L model. The ratings of subcategories of eight parameters are allocated based on the local environmental condition. In addition, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to assign a weight to each parameter in order to reduce human subjectivity in vulnerability assessments. To validate the accuracy of the results, correlation between the groundwater vulnerability index and groundwater quality parameter data is performed. The correlation between DRASTIC scores and nitrate (R = 0.36) and phosphate (R = 0.35) levels improved to R = 0.56 and R = 0.51 respectively after using DRASTIC-L AHP. The overall results reveal that the groundwater aquifer in the study area is facing contamination due to LULC changes and shallow depth of groundwater. We suggest that modified DRASTIC AHP model can be used to deliver reliable results making it a valuable tool for initial assessments for groundwater vulnerability for stakeholders and policymakers.