bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardio-Protective Effect of the Leaf Extract of Andrographis paniculata in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Onwubuya E. I. , Oladejo A. A. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Nowadays, myocardial infarction has been regarded as one of the chronic diseases with increasing mortality rate worldwide. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of this chronic disease is gaining wide acceptance globally.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out to evaluate the cardio-protective effect of the leaf extract of A. paniculata in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Fresh green leaves of A paniculata were collected from the Faculty of Agriculture farmland, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria. The plant was identified and authenticated at the Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University and a voucher specimen was deposited at the herbarium accordingly. The shredded, air-dried sample was then pulverized and weighed. Solvent-solvent (ethanol and water) (7:3) was used for extraction via maceration for 72 hr. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness to obtain the ethanol extract which was used for further bioassay study. The bioactive constituents of the plant extract were quantitatively analyzed by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The animals were administered with the extract of A. paniculata orally for seven days at a divided dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weights. On the eight day, myocardial infarction was induced through subcutaneous administration of isoproterenol at a dose of 150 mg/kg/day diluted in 2 ml of saline on two consecutive days. Subsequently, the blood pressures were monitored and blood collected for bioassay studies.
Results: The results of the study showed that the leaf extract of A. paniculata was rich in 2,5-Octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester (28.21%); 1,2,3,5-Cyclohexanetetrol,(1à,2á,3à,5á)- (15.10 %) and 10-12-Pentacosadiynoic acid (13.05%). The findings also showed a significant decrease (p>0.05) in the Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities of the treatment group compared with the untreated control group while the antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione) activities were significantly increased in the treatment group, compared with the untreated control group.
Conclusion: The findings of this work have shown that leaf of A. paniculata was rich in bioactive compounds which could be synthesized to produce plant based products to combat cardiovascular diseases especially myocardial infarction.
Morphological Diversity of Fungal Strains Responsible for Dessert Banana Rot, Musa Sapientum (Musaceae) Produced in the South Comoe Region on Ivory Coast
Authors: Isaac Foba Foba Stéphane , Ibourahema Coulibaly , Massagna Coulibaly Adja , Ahossi Konan Kouakou 
Published: December 2022

Aims: The banana dessert grown in different regions of the world, encounters important difficulties that cause it to lose its marketability especially because of the diseases related to conservation. The objective here is to identify the strains responsible for fungal diseases of bananas when it is stored.
Study Design: This study was undertaken in order to ensure the competitiveness of the dessert banana from Ivory Coast on the international market which is threatened by the recurrent problem of post-harvest rot.
Place and Duration of Study: Agrovalorisation Laboratory, Agroforestry Training and Research Unit, Université Jean Lorougnon GUEDE Daloa Côte d'Ivoire, between February 2021 and March 2022.
Methodology: The study involved 120 bananas divided into two batches of 10 hands each, one with signs of necrosis and the other with no signs. Banana fragments (crown, epicarp and explant) were deposited on the growing media at several distinct points and slightly embedded in the agar. The resulting colonies were transplanted successively until a pure strain was obtained from a single mushroom colony per petri dish.
Results: A total of 11 different genera were identified from 105 isolates. 57 are from necrotic bananas and 36 from bananas with no signs of necrosis. Fungal strains isolated there are: Trichoderma sp. (15%), Fusarium sp. (1%), Scytalidium sp. (39%), Mucor sp. (1%), Scopulariopsis sp. (1%), Alternaria sp. (4%), Aureobasidium sp. (1%), Aspergillus of the Glaucus group (10%), Cladosporium sp. (2%), Pseudallescheria sp. (6%) and Chrysosporium sp. (20%). No strains of the genus Colletotrichum musea responsible for anthracnose that can develop on both green and ripe fruit have been isolated. However, morphological characterization has not among to identify several other species (12) especially those not sporulating.
Conclusion: This diversity of isolated strains in this work is identical to that most frequently isolated and cited in the literature.
Sociodemographic Comparison of Children With High-risk Medical Conditions Referred vs Identified Through Screening Plus Outreach for COVID-19 Therapeutics
Authors: Parzen-Johnson Simon , Sun Shan , Patel Ami B. , Scardina Tonya L. , Shah Seema K. , Patel Sameer J. 
Published: December 2022

ImportanceMinoritized groups are less likely to receive COVID-19 therapeutics, but few studies have identified potential methods to reduce disparities.ObjectiveTo determine whether screening plus outreach, when compared with referral alone, increases identification of vulnerable pediatric patients at high risk for severe disease eligible for COVID-19 therapeutics from low-resourced communities.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 medication allocation between January 1, 2022, and February 15, 2022, at Lurie Children’s Hospital, a quaternary care children’s hospital, in Chicago, Illinois. The cohorts were pediatric patients referred for COVID-19 therapeutics or with a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction within the hospital system followed by outreach. Screening involved daily review of positive cases of SARS-CoV-2, followed by medical record review for high-risk conditions, and communication with clinicians and/or patients and families to offer therapy.ExposuresDiagnosis of COVID-19.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary measure was difference in child opportunity index (COI) scores between the 2 cohorts. Secondary measures included presence and duration of symptoms at diagnosis, medication uptake, race and ethnicity, insurance type, qualifying medical condition, sex, primary language, and age.ResultsOf 145 total patients, the median (IQR) age was 15 (13-17) years, and most were male (87 participants [60.0%]), enrolled in public insurance (83 participants [57.2%]), and members of minoritized racial and ethnic groups (103 participants [71.0%]). The most common qualifying conditions were asthma and/or obesity (71 participants [49.0%]). From 9869 SARS-CoV-2 tests performed, 94 eligible patients were identified via screening for COVID-19 therapeutics. Fifty-one patients were identified via referral. Thirty-two patients received medication, of whom 8 (25%) were identified by screening plus outreach alone. Compared with referred patients, patients in the screening plus outreach group were more likely to have moderate, low, or very low COI composite scores (70 patients [74.5%] vs 27 patients [52.9%]); public insurance (65 patients [69.1%] vs 18 patients [35.3%]); and asthma or obesity (60 patients [63.8%] vs 11 patients [21.6%]). Patients in the referral group were more likely to be non-Hispanic White (23 patients [45.1%] vs 19 patients [20.2%]) and receive medication (24 patients [47.1%] vs 8 patients [8.5%]).Conclusions and RelevanceCompared with referral patients, screening plus outreach patients for COVID-19 medications were more socially vulnerable, with lower COI scores, and more likely to have asthma or obesity. Future studies should investigate communication strategies to improve uptake of these medications after outreach.
Radiosurgical treatment of solitary brain metastases using virtual cones with a standard multileaf collimator
Authors: Lobb Eric 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe virtual cone has been previously introduced as a novel technique for generating small, spherical dose distributions using a high‐definition multileaf collimator (MLC) for functional radiosurgery applications. There has been no reported investigation into adapting this technique to a standard MLC for the treatment of solitary intracranial metastases as an alternative to physical stereotactic cones. This study characterizes the virtual cone technique adapted to a standard 5 mm leaf‐width MLC (VCSD).MethodsVCSD dose distributions using MLC leaf gaps of 2–5 mm were generated and isodose sphericity metrics, peak dose gradients, optimal normalization ranges, and achievable field widths were compared to those of 5.0–12.5 mm diameter physical cones. Target sizes feasible to treat were identified and planned for comparison against established techniques using Paddick conformity index (PCI) and dose volume metrics. End‐to‐end validation of the VCSD technique was performed.ResultsVCSD and physical cones sphericity metrics agree within 3.5% and VCSD plans achieved a dose gradient of 21.3% mm−1, comparable to 10.0‐12.5 mm diameter physical cones. Normalization within the 50%–77% range preserves the optimal dose gradient within 2%⋅mm−1 and enables the treatment of 5–11 mm diameter planning target volumes (PTVs). Mean PCI for virtual and physical cones was 0.957 and 0.949, which compared favorably against conformal arc and VMAT (0.899 and 0.926). VCSD outperformed conformal arc and VMAT for all dose volume metrics, and the mean 50% dose volume differed from physical cones by < 0.5cc for PTVs as small as 5 mm. Validation measurements showed 100% of points passing a 2% / 0.5 mm gamma test for all plans.ConclusionsThe VCSD technique efficiently generates spherical dose distributions for the treatment of small brain metastases. Characteristics of the VCSD dose distributions are sufficiently comparable to those of physical cones to support VCSD as an alternative for the treatment of spherical PTVs as small as 5 mm in diameter.
Ultra‐Stable, Highly Proton Conductive, and Self‐Healing Proton Exchange Membranes Based On Molecule Intercalation Technique and Noncovalent Assembly Nanostructure
Authors: Zhu Liyu , Li Yucheng , Ye Peng , Zhao Jingyang , Liu Jing , Lei Jiandu , Wang Luying , Xue Ruisheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProton exchange membranes (PEMs) that can heal mechanical damage to restore original functions are imperative for fabricating reliable and durable proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Here, an ultra‐stable, highly proton conductive self‐healing PEM via hydrogen‐bonding complexation between Nafion and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) followed by incorporation of sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) intercalation‐modified graphene oxide (GO) and post‐modification with 4‐formylbenzoic acid (FBA) is presented. Notably, the introduction of GO complexes and post‐modification of FBA molecules effectively improves the stability of composite membranes and also participate in the establishment of proton‐conducting nanochannels. Compared with recast Nafion, the FBA‐Nafion/PVA@SLS/GO composite membranes exhibit enhanced mechanical properties (36.2 MPa at 104.8% strain) and higher proton conductivity (0.219 S cm−1 at 80 °C‐100% RH and 23.861 mS cm−1 at 80 °C‐33% RH, respectively). More importantly, the incorporated PVA gives the FBA‐Nafion/PVA@SLS/GO composite membranes superior self‐healing capabilities that can heal mechanical damage of several tens of micrometers in size and restore their original proton conductivity under the operating conditions of the PEMFCs. This study opens an avenue toward the development of reliable and durable PEM for PEMFCs.
Nanofluid Electrolyte with Fumed Al2O3 Additive Strengthening Zincophilic and Stable Surface of Zinc Anode toward Flexible Zinc–Nickel Batteries
Authors: Luan Jingyi , Yuan Hongyan , Wang Haozhi , Zhao Naiqin , Zhong Cheng , Lu Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFlexible zinc–nickel batteries (FZNBs) have been considered as a promising power supply for wearable electronics due to the intrinsic safety, high operating voltage and superior rate performance. However, the serious self‐corrosion of zinc and the redistribution of dissolved [Zn(OH)4]2− on the electrode surface limit the electrochemical performance of FZNBs. Herein, the nanofluid electrolyte with fumed Al2O3 additive is introduced into FZNBs and a protective layer is formed due to the adsorption of Al2O3 on the electrodeposited zinc anode. The protective layer strengthens the zincophilicity of the anode and homogenizes the deposition of [Zn(OH)4]2−, avoiding the dendrite formation and the shape change of electrode. Meanwhile, by suppressing the [Zn(OH)4]2− diffusion from the anode surface to the bulk electrolyte, the interface stabilization is effectively promoted, thereby improving zinc utilization rate and inhibiting the corrosion. Hence, the FZNBs assembled with Al2O3‐nanofluid electrolyte and electrodeposited zinc anode demonstrates superior energy density of 210 Wh L−1 with a stable cycling of 575 h. Furthermore, FZNBs modified with Al2O3‐nanofluid electrolyte have a promising future in the field of wearable and portable electronics.
Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness index in Chinese college students: Results from a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Li Sujun , Cao Hongmin , Liu He , Hu Yanyan , Liu Jingzhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the cross‐sectional relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness index (PFI) of Chinese college students.MethodsIn total, 30 497 (male 16 197, 55.5%) Chinese college students aged 19–22 were tested for height, weight and five physical fitness indicators (50‐m sprint, sit and reach, standing long jump, 1000/800‐m run, pull‐up/bent‐leg sit‐up). Stratified according to age and gender, according to BMI percentile, divided into BMI < 10th Percentile (A), 10th ≤ BMI < 25th Percentile (B), 25th ≤ BMI < 75th Percentile (C), 75th ≤ BMI < 90th Percentile (D), BMI ≥ 90th Percentile (E), a total of 5 groups, and the PFI composed of 5 indicators of physical fitness was calculated according to age and gender. The comparison of PFI between different BMI groups was carried out using the effect size, and the non‐linear relationship between BMI‐Z and PFI was analyzed.ResultsThe relationship between BMI‐Z and PFI of male and female college students in China showed an inverted “U”‐shaped curve. With comparable BMI, PFI change was greater in males than in females.ConclusionThe relationship between BMI and PFI of Chinese college students is nonlinear. The physical fitness level of college students who are underweight or overweight and those with obesity is lower than that of normal‐weight students.
Maternal and offspring behavior in free‐ranging Japanese and moor macaques: A comparative approach
Authors: Castellano‐Navarro Alba , Beltrán Francés Víctor , Albiach‐Serrano Anna , MacIntosh Andrew J. J. , Illa Maulany Risma , Ngakan Putu O. , Liebal Katja , Amici Federica 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFemale primates represent the most important social partner for their developing offspring. However, mothers may strongly differ in the way they relate to their offspring (e.g., in terms of two different dimensions: protectiveness and rejection). In this study, we aimed to assess how dominance style predicts (i) changes in maternal behavior through offspring development, and (ii) the link between maternal behavior and offspring behavior. We conducted behavioral observations on 34 free‐ranging immatures of two species of macaques with different dominance styles: less tolerant Japanese macaques (JM; Macaca fuscata) and more tolerant moor macaques (MM; Macaca maura). Our results showed that maternal behavior differed between JM and MM: maternal proximity and grooming decreased through offspring development more quickly in MM than in JM, whereas maternal rejection and aggression, which were generally more frequent in JM, decreased with offspring age similarly in both species. In contrast, maternal restraint of offspring decreased similarly with offspring age in both species. Furthermore, dominance style was differentially associated with the link between maternal and offspring behavior: in MM only, maternal grooming predicted an increase of the probability that offspring interacted with partners other than their mothers and engaged in solitary play, whereas maternal rejection predicted a decrease in the occurrence of solitary play. Overall, these results suggest interspecific variation in maternal behavior during offspring's first years of life, and point to the possibility that these differences may have an important role in shaping their behavioral development.
Climate change, the environment, and rhinologic disease
Authors: Kim Jean , Waugh Darryn W , Zaitchik Benjamin F , Luong Amber , Bergmark Regan , Lam Kent , Roland Lauren , Levy Joshua , Lee Jivianne T , Cho Do‐Yeon , Ramanathan Murugappan , Baroody Fuad , Takashima Mas , O'Brien Daniel , Lin Sandra Y , Joe Stephanie , Chaaban Mohamad R , Butrymowicz Anna , Smith Stephanie , Mullings Warren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe escalating negative impact of climate change on our environment has the potential to result in significant morbidity of rhinologic diseases.MethodsEvidence based review of examples of rhinologic diseases including allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis was performed.ResultsThe lower socioeconomic population, including historically oppressed groups, will be disproportionately affected.ConclusionsWe need a systematic approach to improve healthcare database infrastructure and funding to promote diverse scientific collaboration to address these healthcare needs.
Neutralizing peripheral circulating IL1β slows the progression of ALS in a lentivirus‐infected OPTNE478G mouse model
Authors: Hu Wen‐Bao , Wang Xin , Pang Zhi‐Lin , Duan Ran , Hong Chun‐Gu , Liu Zheng‐Zhao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is irreversible and fatal within 3–5 years, with limited options for treatment. It is imperative to develop a symptom‐based treatment that may increase the survival of ALS patients and improve their quality of life. Inflammation status, especially elevated interleukin 1β (IL1β), has been reported to play a critical role in ALS progression. Our study determined that neutralizing circulating IL1β slows down the progression of ALS in an ALS mouse model.MethodsThe ALS mouse model was developed by microinjection of lentivirus‐carrying OPTNE478G (optineurin, a mutation from ALS patients) into the intra‐motor cortex of mice. Peripheral circulating IL1β was neutralized by injecting anti‐IL1β antibody into the tail vein. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) were carried out to determine the protein and gene expression levels of IL1β. TUNEL assay was used to assess the neural cell death. Immunofluorescent staining of MAP2 and CASP3 was accomplished to evaluate neuronal cell apoptosis. Glial fibrillary acidic protein staining was performed to analyze the number of astrocytes. Rotarod test, grip strength test, balance beam test, and footprint test were conducted to assess the locomotive function after anti‐IL1β treatment.ResultsThe model revealed that neuroinflammation contributes to ALS progression. ALS mice exhibited elevated neuroinflammation and IL1β secretion. After anti‐IL1β treatment, ALS mice revealed decreased neural cell death and astrogliosis and gained improved muscle strength and motor ability.ConclusionsBlocking IL1β is a promising strategy to slow down the progression of ALS.
A Visible Light Driven Nickel Carbonylation Catalyst: The Synthesis of Acid Chlorides from Alkyl Halides
Authors: El Chami Kristian , Liu Yi , Belahouane Mohammed A. , Ma Yiyang , Lagueux‐Tremblay Pierre‐Louis , Arndtsen Bruce A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe describe here the development of a visible light driven nickel carbonylation catalyst. The combination of the large bite‐angle Xantphos ligand with nickel(0) generates a catalyst capable of activating alkyl halides toward carbonylation at ambient temperature in the presence of blue light irradiation, and the reductive elimination of high energy acid chloride products. Unlike classical carbonylations, where the coordination of carbon monoxide inhibits the reactivity of earth abundant nickel catalysts, a CO‐associated nickel is found to be the active catalyst in the reaction. Coupling the build‐up of acid chlorides with nucleophile addition can be used to access various amides, esters and thioesters, including those of sterically encumbered substrates or with metal‐reactive functionalities.
Tunable Multivalent Platform for Immune Recruitment to Lower Antigen Expressing Cancers
Authors: Lake Benjamin P. M. , Wylie Ryan G. , Bařinka Cyril , Rullo Anthony F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChemical immunotherapeutic strategies including Antibody Recruiting Molecules (ARMs ‐ bivalent small molecules containing an antibody‐binding domain (ABD) and a target‐binding domain (TBD)) direct immune‐mediated clearance of diseased cells. Anti‐cancer ARM function relies on high tumor antigen valency, limiting function against lower antigen expressing tumors. To address this limitation, we report a tunable multivalent immune recruitment (MIR) platform to amplify/stabilize antibody recruitment to cells with lower antigen valencies. An initial set of polymeric ARMs (pARMs) were synthesized and screened to evaluate ABD/TBD copy number, ratio, and steric occlusion on specific immune induction. Most pARMs demonstrated simultaneous high avidity binding to anti‐dinitrophenyl antibodies and prostate‐specific membrane antigens on prostate cancer. Optimized pARMs mediated enhanced anti‐cancer immune function against lower antigen expressing target cells compared to an analogous ARM.
Bonding and Reactivity in Terminal versus Bridging Arenide Complexes of Thorium Acting as ThII Synthons
Authors: Hsueh Fang‐Che , Rajeshkumar Thayalan , Kooij Bastiaan , Scopelliti Rosario , Severin Kay , Maron Laurent , Zivkovic Ivica , Mazzanti Marinella 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThorium redox chemistry is extremely scarce due to the high stability of ThIV. Here we report two unique examples of thorium arenide complexes prepared by reduction of a ThIV‐siloxide complex in presence of naphthalene, the mononuclear arenide complex [K(OSi(OtBu)3)3Th(η6‐C10H8)] (1) and the inverse‐sandwich complex [K(OSi(OtBu)3)3Th]2(μ‐η6,η6‐C10H8)] (2). The electrons stored in these complexes allow the reduction of a broad range of substrates (N2O, AdN3, CO2, HBBN). Higher reactivity was found for the complex 1 which reacts with the diazoolefin IDipp=CN2 to yield the unexpected ThIV amidoalkynyl complex 5 via a terminal N‐heterocyclic vinylidene intermediate. This work showed that arenides can act as convenient redox‐active ligands for implementing thorium‐ligand cooperative multielectron transfer and that the reactivity can be tuned by the arenide binding mode.