bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bond Strength of Fly Ash and Silica Fume Blended Concrete Mixes
Authors: Babu P. S.S. Anjaneya , kode Venkata Ramesh , Dey Subhashish 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The bond between steel reinforcing bars and concrete is critical to reinforced concrete's successful functioning as a composite element. Dysfunction of this bond can result in catastrophic building and infrastructure failure. Concrete strength and reinforcement characteristics such as embedment length, ribs, diameter, and confinement in concrete are the factors that influence the steel-concrete bond. This work represents the bond strength of ribbed reinforcing bars in Fly ash (FA), and Silica fume (SF) blended concrete mixes. Binary and ternary blended FA and SF concrete mixes with different combinations of percentage replacements of cement by FA (20%, 30%, 40%) and SF (5%, 7.5%, 10%) were adopted. Different bar diameters (12 mm and 16 mm) and embedment length at full depth of specimen were used to assess the bond strength. A direct pull-out test by IS 2770-1 was used to determine bond strength. The bond strength values exhibited by blended concrete mixes were compared to those of conventional concrete. The findings from the bond strength analysis indicate that incorporating FA and SF in concrete mixtures can be a viable approach for developing environmentally sustainable concrete. The micro structural features obtained in the current study provide a rationale for the performance of these blends.
Triptolide Improves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-mediated Podocyte Apoptosis under High Glucose Conditions
Authors: Gao Ying , Liu Yingying , Sun Jun , Liu Chong , Yao Haojie , Guo Zhaoan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an important complication of diabetes in which endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays an important role and triptolide (TP) is effective in the treatment of DKD. To investigate the inhibition of ERS-mediated apoptosis in podocytes by TP in a high glucose environment in vivo and in vitro.
Methods
1. DKD rat models were established by a high-fat, high-sugar diet combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection and randomly divided into model group (DKD group), 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) group (DKD + 4-PBA) and TP group (DKD + TP); another 10 rats were routinely maintained as the normal control group (NC group). The DKD + 4-PBA and TP groups were treated with the corresponding drugs by gavage for 4 weeks, and the model and normal groups received equal amounts of saline containing DMSO by gavage daily. Changes in blood glucose, urine microalbumin (UMA), and some liver and kidney function indices were determined before and after treatment. Structural changes in the kidney were observed and GRP78 was detected by Western blot (WB). 2. The human renal podocyte hyperglycemia model and the thapsigargin (TG)-induced ERS model were established and perturbed by TP, respectively. WB, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and qPCR were used to monitor ERS, apoptosis, and changes in key molecules of related pathways in podocytes.
Results
1. Both TP and 4-PBA reduced UMA levels in DKD rats (P < 0.01), alleviated glomerular mesangial expansion and tubular injury in DKD rats, reduced synaptic fusion and deletion, apoptotic vesicle formation and podocyte number in DKD rats, and downregulated overexpression of ERS marker protein GRP78 (P < 0.01). There was no significant effect on blood glucose, liver, or kidney function (P > 0.05). 2. In human podocytes induced by TG or high glucose, TP downregulates gene and protein overexpression of GRP78 and alleviates ER ultrastructural changes and podocyte apoptosis in the ERS state. TP downregulated the expression of marker proteins for ERS and unfolded protein response, including CHOP, IRE1α, P-IRE1α, and P-JNK, and also blocked the nuclear translocation of ATF6, with significant inhibition of the CHOP/GADD153 gene-activated transcription pathway and the c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway among the three pathways induced by ERS, but not observed for the caspase-12 (caspase-4) activation pathway.
Conclusions
Inhibition of ERS improves DKD, and the therapeutic effects of TP in DKD are achieved, at least in part, by inhibiting ERS to protect podocytes.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Co(II) and Fe(III) Metal Complexes from Precursors in a Single Step without Isolating the Ligand
Authors: Tigineh Getinet Tamiru , Abebe Atakilt 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The work in this paper presents a one-pot mechanochemical synthesis of Co(II) and Fe(III) complexes of 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-(1,2-phenylenebis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2-ethoxyphenol) (Salen) and 6,6'-((1E,1'E)-(1,2-phenylenebis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2-ethoxyphenol) (Salophen) ligands without solvent and catalyst. The reaction was carried out by using ball mill technique starting with 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde(a), 1,2-phenylenediamine(b) or ethylenediamine(c) and metal salts directly without isolating the ligand. Mechanochemical activation enables domino processes that do not require the isolation of the ligand and use of a solvent, in contrast to solution chemistry.
Enhance Arabic Clustering using an Educated Text Stemmer with WordNet as Extraction and Water Cycle Cluster
Authors: alzoubi sharaf , jawarneh malik , bsoul qusay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Natural language processing represents human language in computational technique, which is to achieve the extraction of important words. The verbs and nouns found in the Arabic language are significantly pertinent in the process of differentiating each class label available for the purpose of machine learning, specifically in 'Arabic Clustering'. This paper implemented the extraction of verbs and nouns sourced from the Qur'an and text clustering for further evaluation by using two datasets. The limitations of conventional clusters were identified, such as k-means clustering on the initial centroids. Therefore, the current work incorporated a novel clustering optimisation technique known as the water cycle algorithm; when combined with k-means, the algorithm would select the optimal initial centroids. Consequently, the experiments revealed the proposed extraction technique to outperform other extraction methods when using an actual Qur’an dataset. The use of Arabic clustering in assessing the proposed water cycle algorithm in combination with k-means as a clustering further depicted superior performance in harmony search, k-means, and the water cycle. By using the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) 2001 dataset, the proposed water cycle algorithm in combination with k-means yielded the best score of 0.791%.
Metabolomics and transcriptomics joint analysis reveals altered amino acid metabolism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yang , Yang Huan , Huang Xiancong , Wang Ruting , Mao Weimin , Chen Zhongjian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Metabolic reprogramming plays a crucial role in tumor development by modifying tumor cell metabolism, which was also found in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Objectives
This study aims to explore the altered metabolic pathways for ESCC through joint-pathway analysis of differentially expressed metabolites and genes.
Methods
Differentially expressed metabolites in ESCC were collected from published tissue-based metabolomics studies. Differentially expressed genes in ESCC were obtained using bioinformatic analysis of online ESCC transcriptome data. Then, joint-pathway analysis was performed to explore the altered metabolic pathways in ESCC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and arginine-deprivation experiments were conducted to verified the key enzymes in metabolic pathway and their potential function in ESCC.
Results
A total of 9 tissue-based metabolomics studies revealed 495 differentially expressed metabolites in ESCC. Enrichment analysis of the 69 high-frequency metabolites, defined as reported by over 2 studies, showed that the top enriched pathways were urea cycle, arginine and proline metabolism and ammonia recycling. Besides, bioinformatic analysis of a dataset (GSE53625) showed 2679 differentially expressed genes in ESCC. Joint-pathway analysis illustrated that the top 5 significantly altered metabolic pathways were glycerolipid metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, histidine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. IHC staining and arginine-deprivation experiments revealed the up-regulating of arginine transporter (CAT1) and characteristic of arginine-dependent proliferation in ESCC.
Conclusions
This study revealed the altered amino acid metabolism, especially arginine and proline metabolism, as the most significant metabolic characteristic in ESCC. However, further functional study is needed.
Response relationship between color and chemical composition and microstructure of heat- treated wood
Authors: Liu Meihong , Zhang Liangliang , Chen Jiang , Chen Shuang , Lei Yafang , Chen Zhangjing , Yan Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The magnitude of the color change of heat-treated wood is closely related to the chemical composition of the wood, and the change in chemical composition is the essential reason for changes in the mechanical properties of heat-treated wood. Exploring the influence and linear correlation of the magnitude of the lightness indicator (L*) of poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) and spruce (Picea asperata Mast.) in heat treatment on the chemical composition and cell wall structure of heat-treated wood, and constructing a response relationship between L* values and them. The relative content of cellulose in heat-treated poplar increased gradually and was significantly negatively correlated with the L* value, however, the heat-treated spruce first increased and then decreased, and the correlation with the L* value was insignificant. The L* value of the heat-treated wood was significant positively correlated with the content of hemicellulose and lignin. The CrI and crystalline size of poplar and spruce after thermal modification first increased and then decreased with the decrease of L* value, and the L* values had a superior response relationship with their crystallite size. The shrinkage deformation and radial cracking of the cells of poplar and spruce after thermal modification became increasingly obvious as the L* value gradually decreased, the L* values had an extremely significant positive correlation with their radial thickness of the cell wall. Therefore, the constructed response relationship provides a theoretical basis for accurate and nondestructive testing of the mechanical properties of heat-treated wood using color parameters as a rapid detection indicator.
Polyamide 66/poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) compatibilization with styrene–acrylonitrile–glycidyl methacrylate: rheology, morphology, and mechanical properties
Authors: Zhang Yun , Dai Xinyu , Yang Di , Guo Shaohui , Yang Jinming , Tian Dayong , Wang Kai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
During the blending process, Styrene–acrylonitrile–glycidyl methacrylate (SAG) was grafted through in-situ formation of PA66 as a compatibilizer for polyamide 66/poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenoxy) (PA66/PPO) composites. The compatibilizer has a obvious advantage on the PA66/PPO blends terminal behavior in the dynamic rheological analysis. Moreover, the gap between the PA66 and PPO glass-transition temperatures decreases with the SAG content increasing, which indicates improved compatibility. The morphology of the PA66/PPO/SAG blends was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, which revealed the particles narrower size distributions and became smaller after adding SAG. In addition, the compatibilization improves the mechanical properties of blends significantly when SAG reached 5 by weight per hundred resins (phr). This is attributed to enhanced interfacial adhesion and finer dispersion morphology. However, when 7 phr of SAG are added, the exceeded compatibilizer produces a limitation on the improvement of the mechanical properties. Our results indicate that the optimal concentration of the compatibilizer, SAG, is between 3 and 5 phr for PA66/PPO (60/40).
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for the subtle differentiation of neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review with network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ya-Ting , Feng Si-Tong , Chen Bin , Lei Lan , Zhang Yi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and purpose
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are used to identify or detect the condition of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, even psychiatric disorders. However, discordant results between clinical trials failed to meet the expectations of identifying neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. We conducted this systematic review and network meta-analyses to investigate the CSF biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders.
Methods
Studies before July 2021 were searched based on databases. We included clinical trials that compared the CSF levels of these biomarkers (Aβ1−42, tau, p-tau181, and α-synuclein) between the healthy controls, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. We conducted traditional pair-wise analysis and network meta-analysis to evaluate the evidence concerning these CSF biomarkers between these neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders.
Results
This network meta-analysis included 117 studies with 25210 patients to investigate the CSF biomarkers in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. For CSF Aβ1−42 levels, there were no statistically significant differences between these groups in network analysis. Regarding CSF t-tau and p-tau181 levels, statistical significance was observed in the comparisons between AD and other diseases, e.g., ALS. Regarding CSF α-synuclein levels, statistical significance was observed in several comparisons, e.g., AD vs. ALS.
Conclusions
We identified that CSF Aβ1−42, t-tau, and p-tau181 might be promising markers distinguishing AD from other neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment. It is conflicted that CSF α-synuclein acts as the marker for diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases and predicts the presence of psychiatric disorders.
Identification of post-translational modifications of milk and whey proteins with different structures
Authors: Rodzik Agnieszka , Railean Viorica , Pomastowski Paweł , Buszewski Bogusław , Szumski Michał 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate cellular processes, and any disruption of PTMs leads to abnormal activity of biological processes, and therefore diseases. The main goal of the present research was focused on developing a rapid analytical method for identifying PTMs in milk (β-casein) and whey (β-lactoglobulin) proteins that differ by structure and composition; the chosen proteins are considered the richest source of nutrients and functional components. The classical in-gel protein digestion method and protein digestion in a microreactor (μ-IMER) method has been performed. In addition, ZipTip pipette tipscontaining C18 reverse phase media were used for both methods to concentrate and purify peptide samples; they also aimed to determine the effect of such a prepared sample on the improvement or deterioration of the sequence coverage result. As support for the preparation of the microreactor, a monolithic copolymer synthesized from GMA and EDMA was used. Subsequently, surface modifications were carried out to attach the enzyme with the highest efficiency. The efficiency of the prepared microreactor was evaluated under HPLC chromatographic conditions using a small-molecule trypsin substrate (BAEE). The obtained hydrolysates from the microreactor and the classical digestion in solution method in the presence of ZipTip pipette tips and without were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS.
Silicon nitride optical waveguide parametric amplifiers with integrated graphene oxide films
Authors: Moss David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Optical parametric amplification (OPA) represents a powerful solution to achieve broadband amplification in wavelength ranges beyond the scope of conventional gain media, for generating high-power optical pulses, optical microcombs, entangled photon pairs and a wide range of other applications. Here, we demonstrate optical parametric amplifiers based on silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. We achieve precise control over the thickness, length, and position of the GO films using a transfer-free, layer-by-layer coating method combined with accurate window opening in the chip cladding using photolithography. Detailed OPA measurements with a pulsed pump for the fabricated devices with different GO film thicknesses and lengths show a maximum parametric gain of ~ 24.0 dB, representing a ~ 12.2 dB improvement relative to the device without GO. We perform a theoretical analysis of the device performance, achieving good agreement with experiment and showing that there is substantial room for further improvement. This work demonstrates a new way of achieving high photonic integrated OPA performance by incorporating 2D materials.
Gestión de la reputación online en los hospitales públicos españoles. Un análisis cuantitativo
Authors: Medina Aguerrebere Pablo , Medina Eva Medina , González Pacanowski Toni 
Published: June 2023

Los hospitales públicos españoles hacen frente a una situación cada vez más complicada debido a los presupuestos limitados, las nuevas exigencias de los pacientes y la expansión de los grupos hospitalarios privados. Para hacer frente a este desafío y reforzar sus posicionamientos estratégicos en el mercado sanitario, algunos hospitales públicos han implementado estrategias de comunicación corporativa basadas en el uso de las redes sociales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo los hospitales públicos españoles utilizan Facebook, Twitter, Youtube así como sus webs corporativas para promocionar sus marcas y reforzar sus posicionamientos estratégicos. Para ello, llevamos a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre comunicación de salud, y a continuación recurrimos a 48 indicadores para analizar cómo los 100 mejores hospitales públicos españoles utilizaban sus sitios web y las tres redes sociales citadas para promocionar sus marcas. Concluimos que la mayoría de los hospitales públicos recurrían a sus sitios web corporativos para difundir contenidos periodísticos; utilizaban Facebook y Twitter para publicar información visual sobre el hospital (logotipo, videos, etc.); y recurrían a Youtube para describir tratamientos médicos y protocolos internos.
Analysis of methods for improving the efficiency of “Iceberg” gas air coolers
Authors: Arslanova Alsu , Farukhshina Regina , Khatmullina Rimma 
Published: June 2023

Russia has the largest volume of natural gas reserves in the world. Recoverable natural gas reserves amount to about 67 trillion cubic meters, according to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation for 2023. In recent years, the development of the Unified Gas Supply System has been growing rapidly. Since 2021 the Government of the Russian Federation has been actively introducing draft laws and regulations related to the scaling of the country’s gasification. In June 2021 came out the Federal Law No. 184-FZ, which instructed the Government of the Russian Federation to adopt regulations aimed at implementation of provisions of free gasification of the country [1]. In September 2021 there was issued Decree No. 1547, [2] approving the new Rules for connecting gas-using equipment and capital construction facilities to gas distribution networks, which introduces the concept of pre-gasification. It is worth noting that new gas mains, compressor stations (CS) are put into operation, active reconstruction of the existing shops with exhausted gas compressor units (GCU) is carried out. One of the most urgent issues of the gas industry today is the efficient use of energy resources. Besides using the energy of flue gases from gas turbine drive of GPA, energy at gas throttling at gas distribution stations and other methods of energy saving, the significant role is played by the effective operation of air coolers of gas (ACG), the operation of which affects the reliable transportation of gas in the main gas pipeline (MG). The paper analyzes the methods of technical condition of gas air cooling devices of “Iceberg” type operated at the production site of the booster compressor station of “Gazprom Dobycha Nadym” LLC. The thermal efficiency of air coolers with all fans turned on and off was determined for the coldest and hottest months of the year. The electric energy savings of the frequency controlled drive (VFD) were calculated.
Preparation of leonardite powder-embedded calcium alginate beads and adsorption of Safranin-O dye
Authors: Ozdemir Nihan Canan , Saleh Mohammed , Bilici Zeynep , Arslan Hudaverdi , Dizge Nadir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, calcium alginate (Ca-Alg) beads were mixed with leonardite powder to prepare leonardite-embedded calcium alginate (Leo-Ca-Alg) beads. The prepared Leo-Ca-Alg beads were utilized for the adsorption of the Safranin-O dye. Leo-Ca-Alg beads were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and scanning electron microscopy before and after the adsorption process. The effects of pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and contact time on the adsorption of Safranin-O dye onto Leo-Ca-Alg beads were investigated. The optimal condition was achieved at a pH value of 8.0, an adsorbent amount of 20 g/L, an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, and a contact time of 120 min. Under optimum conditions, 98.91% dye removal efficiency was obtained. Besides, the isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic were studied for the adsorption process. Accordingly, the removal of Safranin-O dye by the Leo-Ca-Alg adsorbent can be defined by the Freundlich model and described by the Elovich model and the second-order kinetic model at concentrations of 10 and 20–30 mg/L, respectively. The Safranin-O removal by Leo-Ca-Alg was feasible and naturally spontaneous. In reuse cycle studies, it was tried up to 10 reuses and decreased from 98.91 to 83.01% in the 10th use.