bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MYB112 connects light and circadian clock signals to promote hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Cai Yupeng , Liu Yongting , Fan Yangyang , Li Xitao , Yang Maosheng , Xu Dongqing , Wang Haiyang , Deng Xing Wang , Li Jian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ambient light and the endogenous circadian clock play key roles in regulating Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedling photomorphogenesis. PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) acts downstream of both light and the circadian clock to promote hypocotyl elongation. Several members of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor (TF) family, the most common type of MYB TF family in Arabidopsis, have been shown to be involved in regulating photomorphogenesis. Nonetheless, whether R2R3-MYB TFs are involved in connecting the light and clock signaling pathways during seedling photomorphogenesis remains unknown. Here, we report that MYB112, a member of the R2R3-MYB family, acts as a negative regulator of seedling photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. The light signal promotes the transcription and protein accumulation of MYB112. myb112 mutants exhibit short hypocotyls in both constant light and diurnal cycles. MYB112 physically interacts with PIF4 to enhance the transcription of PIF4 target genes involved in the auxin pathway, including YUCCA8 (YUC8), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 19 (IAA19), and IAA29. Furthermore, MYB112 directly binds to the promoter of LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX), the central component of clock oscillators, to repress its expression mainly in the afternoon and relieve LUX-inhibited expression of PIF4. Genetic evidence confirms that LUX acts downstream of MYB112 in regulating hypocotyl elongation. Thus, the enhanced transcript accumulation and transcriptional activation activity of PIF4 by MYB112 additively promotes the expression of auxin-related genes, thereby increasing auxin synthesis and signaling and fine-tuning hypocotyl growth under diurnal cycles.
Inhibitor AN3661 reveals biological functions of Arabidopsis CLEAVAGE and POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR 73
Authors: Hao Saiqi , Zhang Lidan , Zhao Danhui , Zhou Jiawen , Ye Congting , Qu Haidong , Li Qingshun Q 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) is a protein complex that plays an essential biochemical role in mRNA 3′-end formation, including poly(A) signal recognition and cleavage at the poly(A) site. However, its biological functions at the organismal level are mostly unknown in multicellular eukaryotes. The study of plant CPSF73 has been hampered by the lethality of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) homozygous mutants of AtCPSF73-I and AtCPSF73-II. Here, we used poly(A) tag sequencing to investigate the roles of AtCPSF73-I and AtCPSF73-II in Arabidopsis treated with AN3661, an antimalarial drug with specificity for parasite CPSF73 that is homologous to plant CPSF73. Direct seed germination on an AN3661-containing medium was lethal; however, 7-d-old seedlings treated with AN3661 survived. AN3661 targeted AtCPSF73-I and AtCPSF73-II, inhibiting growth through coordinating gene expression and poly(A) site choice. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the accumulation of ethylene and auxin jointly inhibited primary root growth. AN3661 affected poly(A) signal recognition, resulted in lower U-rich signal usage, caused transcriptional readthrough, and increased the distal poly(A) site usage. Many microRNA targets were found in the 3′ untranslated region lengthened transcripts; these miRNAs may indirectly regulate the expression of these targets. Overall, this work demonstrates that AtCPSF73 plays important part in co-transcriptional regulation, affecting growth, and development in Arabidopsis.
Is there an association between serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels and syndrome severity in persistent Complex Regional Pain Syndrome?
Authors: Mangnus Thomas J P , Bharwani Krishna D , Dik Willem A , Baart Sara J , Dirckx Maaike , Huygen Frank J P M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
A potentially useful biomarker for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is the serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level, which is a marker for T-cell activation. Elevated serum sIL-2R levels have been described in CRPS patients compared to healthy controls. In T-cell mediated inflammatory diseases such as sarcoidosis and rheumatoid arthritis, the serum sIL-2R levels correlate with disease severity. In this study, we investigate whether an association exists between serum sIL-2R levels in CRPS patients and CRPS severity.

Methods
A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in a tertiary pain referral center in the Netherlands. Adult CRPS patients diagnosed by the IASP criteria were included between October 2018 until October 2022. The main study parameters were serum sIL-2R levels and the CRPS severity score.

Results
Fifty-three CRPS patients were included with a mean syndrome duration of 84 months (Q3 − Q1:180 − 48). The majority had persistent CRPS with a syndrome duration &gt;1 year (n = 52, 98%). The median pain Numerical Rating Score (NRS) was 7 (Q3 − Q1: 8 − 5) and the mean CRPS severity score was 11 (SD ± 2.3). The median serum sIL-2R level was 330 U/mL (Q3 − Q1:451 − 256). No statistically significant correlation was observed between serum sIL-2R levels and the CRPS severity score (rs = 0.15, P = .28).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that serum sIL-2R levels cannot be used as a biomarker for syndrome severity in persistent CRPS (syndrome duration &gt;1 year). Serial measurements of serum sIL-2R from early CRPS to persistent CRPS are needed to investigate whether serum sIL-2R levels can be used to monitor T-cell mediated inflammatory syndrome activity.
Emergent structural correlations in dense liquids
Authors: Pihlajamaa Ilian , Laudicina Corentin C L , Luo Chengjie , Janssen Liesbeth M C 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe complete quantitative description of the structure of dense and supercooled liquids remains a notoriously difficult problem in statistical physics. Most studies to date focus solely on two-body structural correlations, and only a handful of papers have sought to consider additional three-body correlations. Here, we go beyond the state of the art by extracting many-body static structure factors from molecular dynamics simulations and by deriving accurate approximations up to the six-body structure factor via density functional theory. We find that supercooling manifestly increases four-body correlations, akin to the two- and three-body case. However, at small wave numbers, we observe that the four-point structure of a liquid drastically changes upon supercooling, both qualitatively and quantitatively, which is not the case in two-point structural correlations. This indicates that theories of the structure or dynamics of dense liquids should incorporate many-body correlations beyond the two-particle level to fully capture their intricate behavior.
A PITX2–HTR1B pathway regulates the asymmetric development of female gonads in chickens
Authors: Peng Zhelun , Man Qiu , Meng Lu , Wang Sheng , Cai Hao , Zhang Chuansheng , Li Xianyao , Wang Heng , Zhu Guiyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
All female vertebrates develop a pair of ovaries except for birds, in which only the left gonad develops into an ovary, whereas the right gonad regresses. Previous studies found that the transcription factor Paired-Like Homeodomain 2 (PITX2), a key mediator for left/right morphogenesis in vertebrates, was also implicated in asymmetric gonadal development in chickens. In this study, we systematically screened and validated the signaling pathways that could be targeted by Pitx2 to control unilateral gonad development. Integrated chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses indicated that Pitx2 directly binds to the promoters of genes encoding neurotransmitter receptors and leads to left-biased expression of both serotonin and dopamine receptors. Forcibly activating serotonin receptor 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1B (HTR1B) signaling could induce ovarian gene expression and cell proliferation to partially rescue the degeneration of the right gonad. In contrast, inhibiting serotonin signaling could block the development of the left gonad. These findings reveal a PITX2–HTR1B genetic pathway that guides the left-specific ovarian growth in chickens. We also provided new evidence showing neurotransmitters stimulate the growth of nonneuronal cells during the early development of reproductive organs well before innervation.
Microfluidic platform using focused ultrasound passing through hydrophobic meshes with jump availability
Authors: Koroyasu Yusuke , Nguyen Thanh-Vinh , Sasaguri Shun , Marzo Asier , Ezcurdia Iñigo , Nagata Yuuya , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Nomura Nobuhiko , Hoshi Takayuki , Ochiai Yoichi , Fushimi Tatsuki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Applications in chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering require the large-scale manipulation of a wide range of chemicals, samples, and specimens. To achieve maximum efficiency, parallel control of microlitre droplets using automated techniques is essential. Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD), which manipulates droplets using the imbalance of wetting on a substrate, is the most widely employed method. However, EWOD is limited in its capability to make droplets detach from the substrate (jumping), which hinders throughput and device integration. Here, we propose a novel microfluidic system based on focused ultrasound passing through a hydrophobic mesh with droplets resting on top. A phased array dynamically creates foci to manipulate droplets of up to 300 μL. This platform offers a jump height of up to 10 cm, a 27-fold improvement over conventional EWOD systems. In addition, droplets can be merged or split by pushing them against a hydrophobic knife. We demonstrate Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling using our platform, showing its potential for a wide range of chemical experiments. Biofouling in our system was lower than in conventional EWOD, demonstrating its high suitability for biological experiments. Focused ultrasound allows the manipulation of both solid and liquid targets. Our platform provides a foundation for the advancement of micro-robotics, additive manufacturing, and laboratory automation.
The politics of COVID-19 experts: comparing winners and losers in Italy and the UK
Authors: Cairney Paul , Toth Federico 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article analyzes the “politics of experts”—or the struggle between scientific advisers to gain visibility and influence—in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and the UK. Modifying classic studies of policy communities of interest groups and civil servants, we classify relevant policy experts in the two countries into the following categories: “core insiders,” “specialist insiders,” “peripheral insiders,” and “outsiders.” Within these categories, we distinguish between “high-profile” and “low-profile” experts, depending on media exposure. The comparison between the UK and Italian cases helps to identify how actors interpret and follow formal and informal “rules of the game.” We identify a contest between experts to influence policy with reference to two competing “rules of the game.” The first set of rules comes from government, while the second comes from science advice principles. These rules collide, such as when governments require secrecy and nonconfrontation and scientists expect transparency and independent criticism. Therefore, experts face dilemmas regarding which rules to favor: some accept the limits to their behavior to ensure insider access; others are free to criticize the policies that they struggle to influence.
Myocarditis post–COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Bansal Mridul , Mehta Aryan , Pandey Mandvi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

There has been much interest in the possible adverse events associated with available anti–coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, given the rapid pace at which they had to be developed during the pandemic. One such adverse event is myocarditis post–COVID-19 vaccination. Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed that might help us understand the relationship between the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine and the occurrence of myocarditis, though we are yet to ascertain the causal link between them. Although the actual absolute incidence of myocarditis post–COVID-19 vaccination remains low among the large, general population that has been vaccinated, there has been a high relative incidence of this adverse event. We aim to review the existing literature and bring to light what we have so far understood with respect to the association between COVID-19 vaccination and myocarditis. This will help in better understanding the burden of the pathology along with alleviating apprehensions associated with it.

Key messages
Comprehensive management of Jehovah’s Witness in pregnancy
Authors: Pang Fei San , Liaw Elvin Yee Fan , De Somsubhra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Jehovah’s Witness (JW) is a denomination of Christianity which has many-fold higher morbidity and mortality compared to the general population as they refuse blood transfusion. Information is scanty regarding guidelines on the optimal approach to pregnant ladies of JW faith. In this review we have attempted to analyse the ways and techniques available which can be used to reduce the morbidity and mortality of these women. In antenatal care, haematological status can be optimised to reduce modifiable risk factors, namely anaemia by parenteral iron therapy from the second trimester onwards especially in patients who do not respond to oral iron therapy. In severe cases, erythropoietin serves as an effective alternative to blood transfusion. During the intrapartum period, using antifibrinolytics, cell salvage, bloodless surgical techniques, and uterine cooling for patients undergoing caesarean delivery have been proven effective. To conclude, complications of pregnant JW patients may be reduced if they comply with the preventives and targeted monitoring during the various phases of pregnancy. Further studies are warranted as this population exists as a minor group but is growing worldwide.

Key messages

Current research questions
Biomimetic, biodegradable and osteoinductive treated dentin matrix/α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate composite material for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Guo Runying , Zhang Rui , Liu Sirui , Yang Yanyu , Dong Wenhang , Wang Meiyue , Mi Hongyan , Liu Mengzhe , Sun Jingjing , Zhang Xue , Su Yimeng , Liu Yiming , Huang Di , Li Rui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It is still a huge challenge for bone regenerative biomaterial to balance its mechanical, biological and biodegradable properties. In the present study, a new composite material including treated dentin matrix (TDM) and α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate (α-CSH) was prepared. The optimal composition ratio between TDM and α-CSH was explored. The results indicate that both components were physically mixed and structurally stable. Its compressive strength reaches up to 5.027 ± 0.035 MPa for 50%TDM/α-CSH group, similar to human cancellous bone tissues. Biological experiments results show that TDM/α-CSH composite exhibits excellent biocompatibility and the expression of osteogenic related genes and proteins (ALP, RUNX2, OPN) is significantly increased. In vivo experiments suggest that the addition of TDM for each group (10%, 30%, 50%) effectively promotes cell proliferation and osteomalacia. In addition, 50% of the TDM/α-CSH combination displays optimal osteoconductivity. The novel TDM/α-CSH composite is a good candidate for certain applications in bone tissue engineering.
Systemic pharmacological treatment of digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ross Laura , Maltez Nancy , Hughes Michael , Schoones Jan W , Baron Murray , Chung Lorinda , Giuggioli Dilia , Moinzadeh Pia , Suliman Yossra A , Campochiaro Corrado , Allanore Yannick , Denton Christopher P , Distler Oliver , Frech Tracy , Furst Daniel E , Khanna Dinesh , Krieg Thomas , Kuwana Masataka , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Pope Janet , Alunno Alessia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the evidence concerning systemic pharmacological treatments for SSc digital ulcers (DUs) to inform the development of evidence-based treatment guidelines.

Methods
A systematic literature review of seven databases was performed to identify all original research studies of adult patients with SSc DUs. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective longitudinal observational studies (OBSs) were eligible for inclusion. Data were extracted, applying the patient, intervention, comparison, outcome framework, and risk of bias (RoB) was assessed. Due to study heterogeneity, narrative summaries were used to present data.

Results
Forty-seven studies that evaluated the treatment efficacy or safety of pharmacological therapies were identified among 4250 references. Data from 18 RCTs of 1927 patients and 29 OBSs of 661 patients, at various RoB (total 2588 patients) showed that i.v. iloprost, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and atorvastatin are effective for the treatment of active DUs. Bosentan reduced the rate of future DUs in two RCTs (moderate RoB) and eight OBSs at low to high RoB. Two small studies (moderate RoB) indicate that Janus kinase inhibitors may be effective for the treatment of active DUs, otherwise there are no data to support the use of immunosuppression or anti-platelet agents in the management of DUs.

Conclusion
There are several systemic treatments, across four medication classes, that are effective therapies for the management of SSc DUs. However, a lack of robust data means it is not possible to define the optimal treatment regimen for SSc DUs. The relatively low quality of evidence available has highlighted further areas of research need.
Subtherapeutic hydroxychloroquine concentration is associated with increased disease activity and greater organ damage in lupus
Authors: Kang Ji-Hyoun , Choi Sung-Eun , Park Dong-Jin , Lee Shin-Seok 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the effects of the serum HCQ concentration on clinical manifestations, disease activity and organ damage in a longitudinal cohort of SLE patients.

Methods
The 338 SLE patients were assessed with respect to their demographic data, clinical and laboratory findings, Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA), adjusted mean SLEDAI-2000 (AMS) and SLICC Damage Index (SDI) annually for 5 consecutive years. Patients were divided into two groups according to their serum HCQ concentration at baseline: subtherapeutic (&lt;500 ng/ml) and therapeutic (≥500 ng/ml) groups. The impact of the HCQ concentration on the clinical outcomes was evaluated in a longitudinal analysis using a generalized estimating equation (GEE).

Results
Of the 338 patients, 287 (84.9%) were in the subtherapeutic group at baseline. This group had a higher incidence of newly developed LN (P = 0.036) and had been prescribed higher mean and cumulative doses of prednisolone (P = 0.003 and P = 0.013, respectively) than the therapeutic group. In multivariable analyses based on GEE, the subtherapeutic group had a higher AMS score (β = 1.398, 95% CI 0.607, 2.189; P &lt; 0.001), higher PGA score (β = 0.328, 95% CI 0.215, 0.441; P &lt; 0.001) and higher SDI score (β = 0.366, 95% CI 0.061, 0.671; P = 0.019) across all 5 years.

Conclusion
The subtherapeutic HCQ concentration was associated with the development of new-onset LN, and had significant associations with disease activity and cumulative organ damage in SLE patients over time.
Evidence-neglect: addressing a barrier to UK health and climate policy ambitions
Authors: Marteau Theresa M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Scientific evidence is just one of many sources of information for policymakers. Neglecting this evidence is, however, an important feature of unsuccessful policy-making. Recent UK governments’ ambitions to improve the nation’s health and tackle climate change are—to varying degrees—off course. These include halving childhood obesity by 2030 and achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2050. Evidence on the interventions most likely to achieve these is well summarised but largely neglected in the policies supporting these ambitions. Two sets of factors contribute to this neglect: first, incentive structures for politicians that favour setting ambitious policy goals while disfavouring the effective policies needed to achieve them; second, political ideologies and interests that conflict with effective policies. Two changes could mitigate these factors: first, engaging citizens more in policy-making so that their interests dominate; second, increasing the accountability of politicians through legally binding systems for all stages of policy-making.
Pleomorphic Dermal Sarcoma With Metastasis to the Lung: A Case Report
Authors: Shafi Saba , Bechtel Mark , Contreras Carlo M. , Plaza Jose A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Atypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS) are dermal malignant mesenchymal tumors that lie at the ends of the same disease spectrum. Clinically indistinguishable from atypical fibroxanthoma, PDS has a more aggressive course with significantly higher rate of local recurrence and metastases. Histological findings that favor a PDS include subcutaneous invasion, tumor necrosis, lymphovascular invasion, and/or perineural infiltration. Herein, we report a case of PDS with metastasis to the lung. Our report highlights the risk of local recurrence and metastatic spread in this cutaneous tumor and the importance of distinguishing this entity from its less aggressive counterpart.
The Efficacy of Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Aljabri Ammar , Halawani Alhussain , Ashqar Alaa , Alageely Omar , Alhazzani Adel 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion is a common yet undermanaged and underreported condition. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) as a treatment option for mTBI.

Method:
This review and meta-analysis was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. It included randomized controlled trials and pre-VRT/post-VRT retrospective chart reviews. Records meeting the inclusion criteria were extracted from the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL).

Results:
Eight articles met the inclusion criteria, from which 6 randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. VRT demonstrated significant improvement in decreasing perceived dizziness at the end of the intervention program as shown by Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.62 to −0.03, P = .03, I
2 = 0%). However, no significant reduction in DHI was evident after 2 months of follow-up (SMD = 0.15, 95% CI: −0.23 to 0.52, P = .44, I
2 = 0%). Quantitative analysis also depicted significant reduction in both Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (SMD = −0.40, 95% CI: −0.60 to −0.20, P < .0001, I
2 = 0%) and Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (SMD= −0.39, 95% CI: −0.71 to −0.07, P = .02, I
2 = 0%) following the intervention. Finally, there was no significant difference between intervention groups on Balance Error Scoring System scores (SMD = −31, 95% CI: −0.71 to 0.10, P = .14, I
2 = 0%) and return to sport/function (95% CI: 0.32-30.80, P = .32, I
2 = 82%).

Conclusions:
Current evidence on the efficacy of VRT for mTBI is limited. This review and analysis provides evidence that supports the role of VRT in improving perceived symptoms following concussion. Although findings from this analysis suggest positive effects of VRT on included outcomes, the low certainty of evidence limits the conclusions drawn from this study. There is still a need for high-quality trials evaluating the benefit of VRT using a standardized approach.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022342473.