bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug-Refractory Irritability and Related Factors in Autistic Children
Authors: Aykutlu Hasan Cem , Bozatlı Leyla , Görker Işık , Okyar Esra , Uzun-Çiçek Ayla , Ucuz İlknur , Doğru Hicran , Baykal Saliha , Bilaç Öznur , Arslan Esra Nisa , Yıldız Nazike , Alnak Alper , Turnalı Nursena , Sobay Nurten Selin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Autistic children frequently exhibit irritability (aggression, self-injurious behavior, and severe tantrums), which leads to significant impairments. Two atypical antipsychotics have been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of irritability in autistic children, although a significant percentage of these children do not respond to this treatment. This study aimed to determine the frequency of drug refractory irritability (DRI) and identify the risk factors in a large clinical sample of autistic children. The medical records of 1279 children aged 2–18 years diagnosed with autism and undergoing clinical follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. Socioeconomic and clinical characteristics, co-occurring psychiatric disorders and physical conditions were recorded. Of the 1279 children, 8.2% met the DRI criteria. Older age, low maternal education, low family income, severe autism, language impairment, anxiety disorders, sleep difficulties, GIS and dental problems were found to increase the risk of DRI. Our findings indicate that a significant proportion of the clinical samples of autistic children had DRI. The physical, psychiatric, and environmental risk factors identified in our study also highlight heterogeneity in the etiology of DRI. Further research on DRI is needed to develop treatment and prevention strategies.
Boosting Infrared Target Detection: Unveiling the Power of ResNet-SA and Detection Block
Authors: Lin Jian , Li Shaoyi , Yang Xi , Niu Saisai , Yan Binbin , Fan Yonghua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose an IR-YOLOv5 to address the limitations of general target detection approaches in infrared scenes. Specifically, IR-YOLOv5 takes into account common issues present in infrared images, such as low resolution, high noise, low contrast, and small targets. To achieve an efficient interaction of information between different channels and obtain rich semantic information of targets in infrared images, the feature extraction network leverages the attention mechanism. Additionally, the detection scheme of YOLOv5 is enhanced, and a detection head designed for small and weak targets is incorporated to improve the detection probability of these targets in infrared images. Furthermore, the method proposes an efficient PANet target recognition network by designing the Detection Block module to effectively reduce the parameter size and ensure real-time operations of the detector while enhancing the detection accuracy. The proposed method is evaluated on the FLIR infrared autonomous driving dataset and outperforms yolov5 with a 4% improvement in mean Average Precision (mAP) and a reduced model parameter size.
Antioxidant genes variants and their interactions affect sperm DNA fragmentation
Authors: Sharif Fadel A. , Ashour Mohammed J. , Abuwarda Hadeer N. , Ismail Soher , Salem Noor , Suleiman Raed , Hassouna Nora 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Semen possesses a variety of antioxidant defense mechanisms which protect sperm DNA from the damaging effects of oxidative stress. Correlation between antioxidant genes variants and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) level is not sufficiently studied. Therefore, we investigated the association between several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): CYP1A1 (rs1048943A > G), CYP4F2 (rs2108622G > A), NRF2 (rs6721961C > A), PON1 (rs662A > G), NOS3 (rs1799983G > T), GSTM1 (null), CAT (rs1001179C > T), SOD2 (rs4880A > G), GSTP1 (rs1695A > G), PON2 (rs7493G > C), EPHX2 (rs1042064T > C), and AHR (rs2066853G > A) and elevated SDF.
Methods and Results
The study employed a case-control design where, the allele and genotype frequencies of the selected SNPs were compared between 75 semen samples with abnormal SDF (the cases) and 75 samples with normal SDF (the controls). DNA was extracted from the semen samples and allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) was used for genotyping the SNPs. Relevant data were collected from the patients’ records at Al-Basma Fertility Center. Suitable statistical tests and multifactorial dimensionality reduction (MDR) test were used to anticipate SNP-SNP interactions. Comparison of semen parameters revealed significant differences between cases and controls in terms of liquefaction time, sperm total motility, and normal form. Genotype frequencies of NOS3 G > T (GT), SOD2 A > G (AA and AG), EPHX2 T > C (CC and CT), and AHR G > A (GA and GG) were significantly different between cases and controls. Allele frequencies of SOD2 (G-allele), and EPHX2 (T-allele) also significantly varied between cases and controls. MDR analysis revealed that the NOS3, SOD2, EPHX2 SNPs combination has the highest impact on SDF.
Conclusions
The study findings suggest that genetic variations in genes involved antioxidant defenses contribute to abnormal SDF.
Characterizing Tumor Microenvironment and Risk Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma through scRNA-seq and Bulk RNA-seq Data
Authors: HanZhang  , KaiWang  , Wang Yuhang , Ding Yun , Jia Xiaoteng , Sun Daqiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is known to play a crucial role in the progression and spread of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the specific characteristics of LUAD and its associated microenvironment have yet to be fully understood. Here, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of 29 single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) samples from 19 LUAD patients, resulting in the construction of a LUAD single-cell atlas. This atlas provides an in-depth characterization of immune cells in the LUAD microenvironment, including CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and myeloid cells. With the combination of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq of LUAD patients, we identify a set of risk genes and develop a reliable and robust Cox regression model to assess the risk of LUAD patients. Remarkably, the high-risk group assessed by this model exhibits poorer outcomes and demonstrates higher sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Further investigations into the functional roles of these risk genes reveal a potential interplay between exhausted CD8+ T cells and macrophage polarization. Moreover, we find that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) predominantly participate in antigen processing and presentation through the MHC-II signaling pathway. These findings greatly enhance our understanding of the LUAD microenvironment and hold promising implications for advancing diagnostics and prognosis in LUAD clinical settings.
Selection of herbaceous cellulose-containing raw materials for biotechnological processing
Authors: Gladysheva E. K. , Budaeva V. V. , Skiba E. A. , Kashcheeva E. I. , Zolotuhin V. N. 
Published: July 2023

The use of cellulose-containing plant materials for obtaining bioproducts comprises a relevant research direction in the field of sustainable economic development. Herbaceous cellulose-containing raw materials are among the most widespread and easily renewable resources. In this study, we set out to identify herbaceous cellulose-containing raw materials suitable for biotechnological processing among the following plants: cane, miscanthus (Soranovsky variety), water hyacinth, iceberg lettuce, Sudan grass, oat husk, flax straw (Linum usitatissimum L.). Preliminary chemical treatment of raw materials was carried out by the conventional method of alkaline delignification at atmospheric pressure. The obtained substrates were converted into a solution of reducing sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. The method of alkaline delignification of initial raw materials was found to be suitable for obtaining products with the cellulose mass content of 82.9–93.1% by the Kurschner method. This conversion rate can be considered a good indicator for further enzymatic hydrolysis. According to the results of enzymatichydrolysis of alkaline delignification products, the highest reactivity to enzymatic hydrolysis was demonstrated by the alkaline delignification products of miscanthus (Soranovsky variety), iceberg lettuce and oat husk. For these plants, the concentration of reducing substances reached 25.0, 28.4 and 26.9 g/l, under the yield of reducing substances from the substrate mass of 75.0, 85.2 and 80.7%, respectively. Therefore, the high reactivity of these plant materials makes them prospective candidates for further biotechnological processing. Other investigated plant materials require optimization of the alkaline delignification stage to increase their reactivity to enzymatic hydrolysis.
Attenuation of cosmic-ray up-scattered dark matter
Authors: Kolesova Helena 
Published: July 2023

GeV-scale dark matter particles with strong coupling to baryons evade the standard direct detection limits as they are efficiently stopped in the overburden and, consequently, are not able to reach the underground detectors. On the other hand, it has been shown that it is possible to probe this parameter space taking into account the flux of dark matter particles boosted by interactions with cosmic rays. We revisit these bounds paying particular attention to interactions of the relativistic dark matter particles in the Earth’s crust. The effects of nuclear form factors, inelastic scattering and extra dependence of the cross section on transferred momentum (e.g. due to presence of light mediators) are studied and are found to be crucial for answering the question as to whether the window for GeV-scale strongly interacting dark matter is closed or not.
NDVI-based spatial and temporal vegetation trends and their response to precipitation and temperature changes in the Mu Us Desert from 2000 to 2019
Authors: Shi Lei , Fan Hongjian , Yang Liangyan , Jiang Yuetao , Sun Zenghui , Zhang Yuliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This paper explores the relationship between normalized vegetation index (NDVI) response to precipitation and temperature conditions by analyzing the spatial and temporal variation of vegetation cover (NDVI) in Mu Us Desert during 2000–2019. MODIS vegetation indices are designed to provide consistent spatial and temporal comparisons of vegetation conditions. Maximum Value Composites (MVC) is an internationally used statistical method for NDVI data. Based on MODIS remote sensing data, the NDVI of Mu Us Desert sandy land from 2000 to 2019 was analyzed by using the linear regression slope method. In 2000–2010 and 2010–2019, there was a difference in the change rate of vegetation index in Mu Us Desert, with the average slope of 0.0650/10a for the former and 0.0782/10a for the latter. The trends of NDVI values in the study area during 2000–2019 were roughly the same as those of precipitation, and slightly different from those of temperature, but the overall correlation between NDVI values and both was good. There is a significant positive correlation between NDVI and annual precipitation (0.687), and a weak correlation with temperature (0.264). The vegetation growth in Mu Us Desert is affected by both precipitation and temperature.
Relato integrado no setor público: o caso das Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil S.A.
Authors: Faria Thais de Souza , Canedo Rafael Henrique Pires dos Santos , Bonfim Mariana Pereira , Alves Mariana Azevedo , Soares José Mauro Madeiros Velôso 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a implementação e elaboração do Relato Integrado (RI) nas Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil (INB), empresa pública responsável pela produção de combustível nuclear para a geração de energia elétrica nas indústrias de Angra 1 e 2.
Metodologia: Para o alcance do objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma triangulação de três fontes de informação: inicialmente, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com preparadores do RI na instituição; em seguida, as respostas foram relacionadas com os dados presentes nas divulgações dos relatos da instituição, publicados nos anos de 2018, 2019 e 2020, desde que o Tribunal de Contas da União tornou obrigatória a emissão do RI para empresas públicas; posteriormente, as evidências foram comparadas com o framework do International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC).
Resultados: Os resultados apontam heterogeneidade na equipe de trabalho, cumprindo o orientado pelo IIRC. Percebeu-se também, domínio dos objetivos e conceitos correlatos ao Relato Integrado, especialmente sobre seu uso para gerar visão holística e integrada da instituição. Além disso, observou-se desafios ainda existentes na implementação, como o aumento no volume das informações apresentadas, tornando o documento menos conciso ao mesmo tempo que alguns tópicos não foram totalmente evidenciados, denotando aderência parcial à estrutura conceitual sugerida pelo IIRC.
Contribuições do Estudo: A pesquisa contribui com a literatura à medida que traz novos elementos sobre o uso do RI no setor público, agregando elementos que possibilitam acompanhar como se dá o estado empírico de sua inserção, o que contribui com a literatura sobre o tema. A experiência do INB é distinta de outras uma vez que sua atuação é específica, no setor energético e tecnológico, o que diferencia os resultados encontrados daqueles evidenciados em pesquisas realizadas anteriormente em outras instituições públicas. Ainda, sua característica de empresa pública, com interação com o mercado, torna sua experiência diferente no que tange às demandas informacionais dos usuários depositadas sobre as divulgações da organização.
Do auditors react to market behaviour?
Authors: Dantas José Alves , Guimarães João Lucas Andrade , Santos Débora Cristina Alves dos 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine whether auditors react to market information – stock price volatility and market value fluctuations – and to what extent this has an effect on their propensity to issue a modified opinion or include emphasis of matter paragraphs in their audit reports.
Methodology: The empirical tests were based on estimates of logistic regression with data from 338 non-financial companies listed in the B3 [Brazilian Stock Exchange] during the period 2009-2020 and obtained directly from the Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) and the database of the Economatica platform.
Results: The results revealed that the entities which recorded greater volatility in stock returns, were more likely to include changes of opinion and emphasis of matter paragraphs in their audit reports. This suggests that the auditor regards this market risk as a sign of an audit risk for the entity that will lead to stricter judgments and even act as kind of self-protection. However, no link was found between market value fluctuations or emphasis of matter paragraphs, which contradicted the expectation that the greater the losses in market values, the greater the probability of the auditor´s opinion being modified.
Research Contributions: The empirical evidence fills a gap in the literature in this area. What is usually examined is the effects of the content on the marketing audit report, whereas this study concentrates on exploring an inverse relationship – the effect of information in the market on operational audits. In addition, the findings help to obtain a better understanding of the work of the auditors and provide valuable assistance to professionals and regulators in the area.
Internal control under the approach of COSO ERM framework components: a study in a higher education institution
Authors: Barreto Kamilla Alves , Callado Antônio André Cunha , Callado Aldo Leonardo Cunha 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The present work aimed to investigate the perception of managers in a State Higher Education Institution regarding the alignment of the institutional internal control system with international standards, as proposed by COSO in the document Enterprise Risk Management – Integrated Framework.
Methodology: To this end, 40 questionnaires were applied to the institution's civil servants to investigate the internal control system. For this research, data were collected using structured interviews conducted through the application of an elaborated questionnaire and the statistical analyzes were operationalized through the Mann Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis tests. Based on the bibliographic survey, 35 competencies related to the components of COSO ERM were listed.
Results: The results obtained in the analyzes presented significant evidence on the presence of mimetic isomorphism among the public servants analyzed, since a few out of the 35 skills analyzed showed statistically significant differences. By the results, it was possible to understand the general alignment level of UEPB’s internal control system with the aspects recommended by COSO. Taking as reference the framework studied as an interconnected structure, where each of the risk management components represents actions necessary for attaining the organizational objectives.
Contributions of the Study: The research results contribute to the literature, consolidating risk management practices in the public sector and verifying the profile of agents in terms of their perception of risk management practices, allowing managers to have an operational view of the results found, leading to to improvements in risk management.
Myasthenia Gravis and Ischemic Stroke: A Bidirectional Mendelian
Randomization Study
Authors: Liu Chen , Mao Chengyuan , Li Shen , Su Yun , Liu Hongbing , Wang Xin , Liu Weishi , Zhao Jiawei , Liu Xuyang , Xu Yuming 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Autoimmune diseases are associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular
diseases. However, whether myasthenia gravis (MG) and ischemic stroke (IS) are causally
related remains unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate potential causal links between MG and IS using bidirectional
Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods:
We conducted a two-sample MR analysis to assess the potential associations between
MG and IS. Genetic variants associated with MG and IS as well as their subtypes were extracted
from genome-wide association studies by meta-analysis. The inverse-variance weighted method
was used for the main MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses, including the MREgger, simple mode,
simple median, weighted mode, and weighted median approaches were applied to test the robustness
of the results.

Results:
The MR analyses indicated no causal effects of general MG on IS of all causes (odds ratio
[OR] = 0.990, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.953-1.029, p = 0.615), large vessel atherosclerosis
stroke (OR = 0.943, 95% CI: 0.856-1.039, p = 0.233), cardioembolic stroke (OR = 0.975, 95% CI:
0.867-1.096, p = 0.670), and small vessel occlusion stroke (OR = 1.059, 95% CI 0.974-1.150, p =
0.178). Subgroup analyses indicated no causal effects of early- or late-onset MG on IS and its subtypes
(all p > 0.05). The reverse MR analysis showed no significant causal associations of IS on
MG (all p > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Bidirectional MR analysis did not provide evidence to support a causal relationship
between genetically predicted MG and IS, although observational studies have found such a potential
link.
Hyper-coagulopathy State in COVID-19: A Pivotal Challenge
Authors: Goshay Fard Najmeh Nameh , Vaghf Atena , Torfi Ekhlas , Shahrabi Saeid , Pezeshki Seyed Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The novel SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic. COVID-19 infec-tion is described by the adverse impact on the population’s health and economy. Coagulopathy is associated with various thrombotic complications and disease severity. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the pathophysiology of this coagulopathy.

Methods:
Relevant English language literature was searched and retrieved from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database. We used “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “Coagulopathy”,
“Thrombosis”, “Anticoagulation”, and “ARDS” as keywords.

Results:
Several studies showed that the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 are pneumocytes, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells. Coagulopathy appears to induce more thrombotic complica-tions than hemorrhagic events. The critically ill patients stimulate the coagulopathy state and thrombosis complication through cytokine storm, systemic inflammation, complement cascade, and platelets. Accordingly, thromboembolic complications cause mortality among COVID-19-infected patients and can negatively affect disease management outcomes and treatment.

Conclusion:
A pivotal clinical feature of acute COVID-19 infection is coagulopathy and prothrom-botic events, which are associated with excessive arterial and venous thrombosis, microvascular thrombosis, and adverse clinical outcomes. Therefore, adopting an approach for preventing, treat-ing, and reducing thrombotic and bleeding events in these patients is necessary.
Technology Acceptance of a Social Robot (LOVOT) Among Single Older Adults in Hong Kong and Singapore: Protocol for a Multimethod Study
Authors: Tan Cheng Kian Kelvin , Lou Vivian W Q , Cheng Clio Yuen Man , He Phoebe Chu , Mor Yan Ying 
Published: July 2023

Background
Given the rapidly aging nature of our global population, policy makers around the world are now emphatically promoting active aging. To address the psychosocial needs of older persons and support active aging, researchers are exploring the use of assistive technologies, specifically social robots as companions. However, there is limited evidence on the efficacy of social robots in promoting active aging for older people in the Hong Kong and Singapore contexts.

Objective
This study presents the protocol of a study that investigates the acceptance and quality of interaction between a Japanese social robot, LOVOT, and single older adults in Hong Kong and Singapore.

Methods
We used a baseline assessment to measure the primary outcome, participants’ acceptance of technology, and a sense of loneliness, namely, the participants’ differences in responses to LOVOT before and following their interaction with the social robot in this multimethod study design. The baseline assessment consisted of the Qualtrics survey, which measures senior technology acceptance, loneliness, older people’s quality of life, subjective happiness, cultural values, willingness to pay, and demographic characteristics, along with the LOVOT’s sociability and system usability. In the study, participants interacted with LOVOT in 3 sessions before being surveyed to measure the older people’s acceptance and attitudes toward LOVOT. A pre–social robot intervention also occurred in the first session. The study was conducted in both Hong Kong and Singapore. A total of 15 single older adults (ie, individuals who live alone) from Hong Kong and another 15 from Singapore were recruited. Participants were 60-75 years of age, lived by themselves, and had no known cognitive or mental issues.

Results
The study began recruiting in March 2022, and recruitment was completed at the end of October 2022. Data collection and data set construction were completed at the end of January 2023. Analysis of the data is currently being conducted, and we plan to publish the results by mid-2023.

Conclusions
At an individual level, the study will clarify if LOVOT influences single older adults’ psychosocial well-being by reducing their loneliness. At a community level, the study’s findings will illustrate whether LOVOT can provide increased social connectedness while decreasing individual loneliness. Last, this study’s conclusions can inform policy makers to provide social robots to older people to improve their quality of life. Findings can also inform gerontechnology developers on which aspects and cultural considerations to take into account for future inventions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/48618