bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit cognitions in problematic social network use
Authors: Kessling Annica , Schmidt Lasse David , Brand Matthias , Wegmann Elisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImplicit cognitions may be involved in the development and maintenance of specific Internet use disorders such as problematic social network use (PSNU). In more detail, implicit attitude, attentional biases, approach and avoidance tendencies as well as semantic memory associations are considered relevant in the context of PSNU. This viewpoint article summarizes the available literature on implicit cognitions in PSNU. We systematically reviewed articles of implicit cognitions in PSNU from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases based on a targeted search strategy and assessed using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The present findings suggest that specific implicit cognitions are important in the context of PSNU and therefore show parallels to other addictive behaviors. However, the empirical evidence is limited to a few studies on this topic. Implicit cognitions in PSNU should be explored in more depth and in the context of other affective and cognitive mechanisms in future work.
Mixed-phase bismuth ferrite oxide (BiFeO3) nanocomposites by green approach as an efficient electrode material for supercapacitor application
Authors: Matinise N. , Botha N. , Madiba I. G. , Maaza M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study presents bismuth ferrite nanomaterial (BiFeO3) prepared by the green method using Moringa oleifera natural extract as an anode material for supercapacitor application. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge discharge methods were employed to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the nanomaterial at the modified electrode relative to the unmodified electrode. The cyclic voltametric response revealed broad redox peaks and peak separations that clearly indicated the pseudo-capacitive characteristics derived from faradaic reactions. The EIS results indicated that the electrochemical reaction on the material electrode is kinetically and diffusionally controlled. The obtained GCE/BiFeO3 electrode has a specific capacitance of 105 F/g at 0,25 A g−1, an energy density of 90 Wh k/g, and a power density of 0,99 kW k/g. The electrochemical performance revealed an excellent electrochemical response, suggesting that BiFeO3 nanomaterial is an ideal electrode material for supercapacitance applications.
Graphical abstract
PHASE FREQUENCY INTERPRETATION OF THE COINCIDENCE METHOD FOR FREQUENCY TO CODE CONVERSION
Authors: Petrushak V. S. 
Published: July 2023

Context. The problem of fast conversion of radio signal frequency for monitoring the radial velocity of a moving object. The object of the study was the process of converting frequency into a code based on the coincidence method.
Objective. The goal of the work is to improve the coincidence method for creating a new signal-to-code frequency converter without fixing the conversion time interval.
Method. The coincidence method for converting the signal frequency into a code has been improved. The improved frequency conversion method, unlike the existing ones, consists in counting the number of complete phase cycles of the known and unknown signals during the time of double coincidence and asynchronous mode of hardware determination of the particle. The improved method has advantages in comparison with the method of an electro-counter frequency meter when determining the radial speed of objects and does not have a methodical error, which in an electro-counter frequency meter increases as the unknown frequency approaches the reference to 100%. However, the improved coincidence method compared to other versions has a hardware scheme for tracking the moments of coincidence and determining the fraction and does not require expensive and high-speed microprocessors to calculate the conversion results.
Results. Based on the phase-frequency interpretation and the derived conversion equation and the proposed frequency-to-code conversion scheme using the coincidence method, a functional scheme of the frequency converter was developed. This made it possible to implement a 16-bit frequency converter in code on Intel’s MAX V series CPLD.
Conclusions. The coincidence method for converting the signal frequency into a code received further development, which, unlike the existing ones, consists in counting the number of complete phase cycles of the known and unknown signals during the time of double coincidence and the asynchronous mode of hardware determination of the fraction.
The influence of the frequency of signals on the time of a single measurement was studied using the coincidence method, as a result of which it was found that with an increase in the difference between the reference and unknown frequency, the time of a single measurement decreases.
The obtained research results can be used for the development of high-speed means of converting the signal frequency into a binary code: in industrial tomography, radar and radio navigation for monitoring moving objects.
TECHNOLOGY FOR IDENTIFYING AND FORMING POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN USE CASES IN THE PROCESS OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN
Authors: Kungurtsev O. B. , Zinovatna S. L. 
Published: July 2023

Context. Use cases are widely used as a means of formulating requirements in the development of information systems. All subsequent design stages depend on the quality of their presentation. Structuring use cases can significantly increase their understanding and maintenance in the face of changing requirements..
Objective. Flexible technologies involve working in small teams. The existing communication between teams is not sufficient to highlight sub use cases at the project level. There is a need for automated analysis of the corpus of all use cases.
Method. A mathematical model of a use case which makes it possible to define the criteria for comparing scenarios and eliminate the redundancy of descriptions is proposed. A four-step method for restructuring use cases has been developed. At the first stage, use cases are presented in a formalized form. At the second, they are stored in the repository, which ensures their quick search and placement. At the third stage, procedures of scenario comparison are performed. Scenario similarity criteria are proposed. At the fourth stage, the formation of subordinate use cases is carried out, their texts are coordinated with all interested teams, and the use cases that cause subordinate use cases are corrected.
Results. Experiments providing the formalized compilation of use cases by several development teams followed by automated restructuring were carried out to test the proposed solutions. As a result, new subordinate use cases were correctly identified and the scope of use of previously formed ones was expanded. There was a significant reduction in the time for restructuring.
Conclusions. The proposed method of restructuring use cases improves the clarity and consistency of requirements, the possibility of their adjustment and maintenance, and reduces the compilation time. The method can be used in the design of any information system, where the requirements are presented in the form of use cases.
METHODS FOR DETERMINING SIMILARITY OF CATEGORICAL ORDERED DATA
Authors: Kondruk N. E. 
Published: July 2023

Context. The development of effective distance metrics and similarity measures for categorical features is an important task in data analysis, machine learning, and decision theory since a significant portion of object properties is described by non-numerical values. Typically, the dependence between categorical features may be more complex than simply comparing them for equality or inequality. Such attributes can be relatively similar, and to construct an effective model, it is necessary to consider this similarity when calculating distance or similarity measures.
Objective. The aim of the study is to improve the efficiency of solving practical data analysis problems by developing mathematical tools for determining the similarity of objects based on categorical ordered features.
Method. A distance based on weighted Manhattan distance and a similarity measure for determining the similarity of objects based on categorical ordinal features (i.e. a linear order with scales of preference considering the problem domain can be specified on the attribute value set) are proposed. It is proven that the distance formula satisfies the axioms of non-negativity, symmetry, triangle inequality, and upper bound, and therefore is a distance metric in the space of ranked categorical features. It is also proven that the similarity measure presented in the study satisfies the axioms of boundedness, symmetry, maximum and minimum similarity, and is described by a decreasing function.
Results. The developed approach has been implemented in an applied problem of determining the degree of similarity between objects described by ordered categorical features.
Conclusions. In this study, mathematical tools were developed to determine similarity between structured data described by categorical attributes that can be ordered based on a specific priority in the form of a ranking system with preferences. Their properties were analyzed. Experimental studies have shown the convenience and “intuitive understanding” of the logic of data processing in solving practical problems. The proposed approach can provide the opportunity to conduct new meaningful research in data analysis. Prospects for further research lie in the experimental use of the proposed tools in practical tasks and in studying their effectiveness.
INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS OF EMPIRICAL DATA BASED ON TIME SERIES
Authors: Ivanets O. B. , Khrashchevskyi R. V. , Kulik M. S. , Burichenko M. Yu. 
Published: July 2023

Context. The problem of intelligent data analysis for assessing the stability of operators’ functioning as a component of safety management is considered.The object of the study was to verify estimates of the complexity and chaotic nature of physiological processes based on nonlinear dynamics methods.
Objective. The goal of work is intelligent data analysis for assessing the stability of the functioning of a dynamic system based on the methods of non-linear dynamics.
Method. Data intelligence to obtain additional useful information to avoid wrong decisions when deciding on the current state of the operator to be able to perform professional duties. Quantitative assessment of the complexity of physiological dynamics to determine the stability of feedback control processes of body subsystems and their constant adaptation to changes in environmental conditions. The presence of significant nonlinearities in the biomedical signals of the body is associated with the appearance of a chaotic component that describes the chaotic nature of the body’s processes. Due to the fact that biomedical signals have both a periodic and a chaotic component, the study of the latter makes it possible to determine the informational component of the nature of the internal organization of the organism and provide information about the possible destabilization of the functional state of the operator. The use of nonlinear dynamics methods to study changes in the operator’s body and provide additional independent prognostic information complementing traditional data analysis in the time and frequency domains. Several indices obtained by the methods of nonlinear dynamics are proposed, which contribute to the expansion of the diagnostic solution based on the available data.
Results. The results of the study can be used during the construction of mathematical methods of non-linear dynamics to describe empirical data of this kind.
Conclusions. Experimental studies have suggested recommending the use of non-linear methods dynamics as an an additional independent component that allows analyzing the chaotic component of biomedical signals to avoid wrong decisions during professional selection and assessment of the current state of aviation industry operators as one of the causes of adverse events in aviation. Prospects for further research may include the creation of a methodology based on nonlinear dynamics methods that will allow to increase the reliability of predicting a malfunction of the cardiovascular system as an indicator of a change in the balance of the functional state of the operator based on additional informative parameters, which can be used to assess triggers that may cause an adverse event in aviation, as well as an experimental study of the proposed mathematical approaches for a wide range of diagnostic problems.
Anthropological Aspects of the Theology of Marriage and the Family in the Light of the Insights of Saint John Paul II
Authors: Danilevičius Eugenijus 
Published: July 2023

The article analyses the anthropology of the theology of marriage and the family, presents the foundations of the Christian anthropology of gender, describes the concept of marital love, and introduces the foundations of the theology of indissolubility of marriage and the meaning and mission of marriage using philosophical and theological scientific literature, the writings of John Paul II, the Holy Scripture and the documents of the Magisterium of the Catholic Church. The following lines of further research are anticipated: the family as a small domestic church, the principles of the religious education of children in the family, and the family as a place of vocational disclosure. The conclusions of this theoretical study are presented.
Some Remarks on the Mind-Brain Identity Theory
Authors: Pabjan Tadeusz 
Published: July 2023

The issue of the relation between the mind and the brain is known as one of the most discussed problem of the philosophy of mind. The recent development of neuroscience contributed significantly to animate the discussion on this subject. This article is one voice in this discussion. It contains a critical analysis of some arguments in favor of the theory which claims that the mind is identical to the brain. Moreso, it is argued, that the observed correlations between physical and mental events cannot be treated as a proof that there is no difference between the mind and the brain.
Bioethics and Informed Consent in Prenatal Diagnostics
Authors: Serapinas Danielius , Narbekovas Andrius 
Published: July 2023

Innovative methods of prenatal diagnosis allow us to see the development of the fetus and to detect early disorders of fetal development, which may lead to an early diagnosis and possible treatment, or to a woman’s decision to terminate the pregnancy. Therefore, it is very important to accurately inform a woman about the risks and consequences of this life-related issue, even before deciding to perform prenatal tests; and after the results, when a misinterpreted diagnosis may lead a woman to terminate her pregnancy. The obligation of doctors to inform patients is inseparable from the requirement to receive informed consent. The two parts are mandatory for any medical procedure and intervention. The main requirements for the informed consent include rationality, sufficient and clear information, free will, and the form of consent conforming to the legal acts. However, informed consent is not an absolute requirement, as the patient has a right to remain uninformed. Additionally, under certain circumstances, it might be impossible to inform patients, or to receive consent from patients or their duly authorized representatives. Prenatal testing is an integral part of ante-natal care that aims to verify the proper development of the fetus, or to identify potential hereditary or chromosomal diseases at the earliest possible stage. Prenatal testing can be classified as non-invasive or invasive measures, according to the types of procedures In addition to this, according to the aim of the procedure, into diagnostic prenatal testing with the aim of prenatal therapy, and purely diagnostic prenatal testing. Purely diagnostic prenatal testing is closely connected with the problem of selective abortion.
Part of this article covers the main problems of informed consent in prenatal diagnostics, by outlining two stages of the process: conveyance before prenatal testing, and interpretation of the results alongside presentation of the possible choices. The legal implications we consider are based on information from other European countries: we name the main questions analyzed by courts, including cases of “wrongful birth” and “wrongful life”; inappropriate information regarding possibilities of abortion; the right of a woman to use all available diagnostic methods; and the allocation of damages to the claimants.
The Cult of Franz Joseph I and the Imperial Family in the Schools of Autonomous Galicia
Authors: Juśko Edmund , Pelczar Roman 
Published: July 2023

The autonomy gained by Galicia in 1867 and its practical effects, largely contributed to the emergence of a specific cult of the Austro-Hungarian Emperor Franz Joseph I. The myth of the “good ruler” began to function in Galician society. The Habsburg family, i.e. his ancestors and the ruler’s family, were also part of the cult. School, education, and upbringing played an important role in developing emotional attitudes towards the monarch. Numerous school celebrations to honour the emperor, his ancestors and family members, as well as the ones connected to the history of the monarchy, were intended to systematically instil in the pupils respect and appreciation for the ruler and the state. School textbooks did the same. Furthermore, the Emperor’s visits to various schools in Galicia, which took a very solemn and festive form, reinforced this cult. Franz Joseph I and his family also appeared in other circumstances, for example as patrons and benefactors of schools. The dissemination of the cult of the Emperor among Galician youth was supervised by the central Galician educational authority in the form of the National School Council.
Metaphysical and Anthropological Principles of the Self-Made-Man Idea in Western Philosophy of the 17th Century
Authors: Korkh O. M. , Antonova V. Y. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose. The main purpose of this research is to comprehend the philosophical principles in the spread and legitimation of the Self-made-man idea in the worldview transformations of the 17th century. Theoretical basis. Historical and comparative methods became fundamental ones for the research. The research is based on the creative heritage of R. Descartes, T. Hobbes, J. Locke, as well as the works of modern researchers. Originality. The analysis shows that the Self-made-man idea, which originated in the ancient world and gradually spreads in the Christian Middle Ages, gained a powerful impetus in the philosophical and moral-legal metamorphoses of the 17th century. These metamorphoses theoretically substantiated and radically accelerated the transition from mystical to rational, from theocentric to the anthropocentric worldview, and, as a result, to the recognition of the intellectual autonomy of the individuals and the freedom of their own will, the emergence of the construct of natural human rights, the requirements of religious tolerance and freedom of conscience, ultimately, to the principle of reliance on one’s own strength and the individual’s personal responsibility for one’s own destiny. Exactly these ideas in interaction with the ideas of Puritanism became the theoretical basis for the formation of B. Franklin’s views and the corresponding cultural code. Conclusions. The philosophy of the 17th century, having laid the principles of a new – subject-centric – metaphysics, as well as the philosophical and legal foundations of liberal ideology, provided philosophical and moral-legal legitimation to the sporadic attempts of man to break out of the triple circle of fatalism, paternalism, and conformity to a rationally founded and the ever-growing orientation of the individual towards active self-determination and self-realization, self-reliance and personal responsibility for their own destiny as key principles of the Self-made-man concept.
Estimating the Magnitude of Completeness of Earthquake Catalogs Using a Simple Random Variable Transformation
Authors: Taroni Matteo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The estimation of the magnitude of completeness for a seismic catalog is the starting point for most of the seismological statistical analyses. It is important, in particular, for the estimation of the Gutenberg–Richter (GR) law parameters. This law corresponds to an exponential distribution of the magnitudes. The recent studies have shown that the proper method to estimate the completeness is to check the exponentiality of the data. Here, we try to improve this method using a simple random variable transformation, which makes the method more robust in the case of catalogs with magnitudes coming from exponential distributions with different parameters, that is, catalogs with different b-values of the GR law.
A comparison of serum sodium levels measured using a colorimetric kit approach and those determined using direct and indirect ion selective electrode techniques- in a Hospital Central Lab
Authors: Saraladevi T 
Published: July 2023

When electrolyte imbalances are not recognized, they are known to cause severe morbidity and mortality. Dyselectrolytemia is frequently curable. Hyponatremia is a common symptom seen in the elderly. Laboratory equipment may be lacking in rural healthcare settings. As a result, the purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of developing a screening technique that can aid in the detection of hyponatremia in such facilities. Serum sodium levels in 120 samples were determined by direct, indirect, and colorimetric ISE. SPSS version 17, NCSS 11, and MINITAB 18 software were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of 0.05. While comparing the instruments, a basic linear regression analysis was performed, and a regression equation for sodium levels was established. The Bland-Altman analysis yielded a 95% agreement limit between the instruments, which is well within the CLIA-recommended target value of 4 mmol/L in the hyponatremic and normonatremic ranges. The resulting regression equation computes a predicted value for direct and indirect ISE using the colorimeter readings, making it similar to all three instruments in the hyponatremic and normonatremic ranges. The colorimetric method can be used as a low-cost screening technique to identify hyponatremic elderly people for whom a tertiary hospital may be inaccessible, allowing for early care.