bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological features of the course of SARS-CoV-2 in individuals with chronic nephrology diseases
Authors: Savenkova Iryna , Didukh Mykola , Schevchenko Volodymyr , Oleksyuk Oksana , Yaroshenko Vira 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
It's already known for certain that SARS-CoV-2 can affect any vital human organ, and super-complex cases are even characterized by multiple organ pathology. In particular, complications of COVID-19 for the kidneys can be irreversible. Consequently, this virus forces us to review the approaches and standards of diagnosis and treatment in most nosologies to minimize the risks as much as possible. Thus, a low level of prediction of the course of coronavirus infection requires a comprehensive approach considering the psychological characteristics of the individual suffering from this disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The method of chronometric testing is used to predict the predisposition to the course of SARS-CoV-2 with nephrotic complications (using an electronic chronoscope) and calculate the duration of an individual's biological life cycle to predict the severity of the course of coronavirus infection. Experimental study of the localization of symptoms of chronic nephrological diseases in typological groups of patients with SARS-CoV-2 using the method of psychodiagnostics. The duration of the study is six months 2020–2021. The study was conducted under the guidance of a nephrologist at the Odrex Clinic I.I.

RESULTS:
The results of an experimental study show that the psychological type determines the predisposition to the course of SARS-CoV-2 with nephrotic complications; in most of these patients, severe (834 patients) forms of the course coincided with the end of quarters of the long biological cycle of an individual's life.

CONCLUSION:
The chronopsychotype makes it possible to predict the predisposition of individuals to the course of SARS-CoV-2 with nephrological complications and the severity of the disease.
'Eat Right, Future Bright: Nutrition Education Program' (ERFB-NEP) module for aboriginal primary school children in Malaysia
Authors: Nordin Nur A. , Haris Syasya N. , Hamid Syahrul B. A. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Nutrition is essential for schoolchildren to reach their full potential psychologically and cognitively. Malnutrition, which is prevalent among aboriginal schoolchildren in Malaysia, can interfere their learning and academic performance. Developing a module to be used during a school-based nutritional intervention program is essential to ensuring that students develop healthy eating habits and lifestyles. Thus, this study aims to develop and validate nutrition education module focusing on aboriginal schoolchildren for the eat right future bright (ERFB) nutrition education program.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in three steps: Step 1: development of module based on literature reviews, Step 2: content and face validation of the module by the expert panels, and Step 3: face validation of the module by target users. This study has used the validation form proposed by de Castro. This form consists of seven aspects, two aspects related to content validity and another four aspects related to face validity. A content validity index (CVI) was used to analyze the content validity. Two formulas were used to calculate CVI, which were I-CVI and S-CVI. Meanwhile, the data for module's face used the level of agreement.

RESULTS:
Both I-CVI and S-CVI obtained more than 0.78 and 0.80, respectively, which indicate that the module has good content validity. Moreover, for face validity, the total of agreement from expert panels and target users was more than 75%, which is considered face validated.

CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, the module that has been developed has good content validity and can be used by teachers in teaching appropriate nutrition knowledge to aboriginal primary schoolchildren.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical interns and postgraduate residents on American Geriatric Society updated Beers criteria
Authors: Rathore Aditi , Sharma Rishabh , Bansal Parveen , Chhabra Manik , Arora Malika 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prevalence in older adults is increasing day by day due to lack of knowledge among medical students and professionals.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the knowledge of medical students toward American Geriatric Society (AGS) Beers criteria for PIM prescribing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study employed a self-administered questionnaire which was validated and designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical interns and postgraduate residents on Beers criteria for PIMs in older adults. The study was conducted in Faridkot region of Punjab in 2019. This study will utilize a purposive sampling strategy and a convenience sampling of up to 183 participants. Mann–Whitney U or Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare different issues as appropriate. P values of <0.05 were considered significant.

RESULTS:
Out of 183 questionnaires distributed, only 155 participants (response rate 84.6%) had filled the survey and were included in the study. 61.3% (n = 95) of the respondents were males. The mean knowledge score of 155 participants was (5.16 ± 1.56), where the highest score was 9 and the lowest score was 2 out of 10. 15.5% (n = 24) of the participant strongly agreed that Beers criteria use is necessary in clinical setting and would be very helpful. While 22.5% (n = 35) of the participants strongly agreed that PIMs cause adverse drug event (ADE) and drug-related problems (DRPs) in older adults. Age of the participant had a significant effect on the knowledge score (p = 0.009), and participant aged between 31 and 40 years had significantly higher knowledge scores compared with participants falls under 20–30 years.

CONCLUSION:
Medical students and postgraduate residents had average knowledge of PIMs and are unaware of the standard guidelines in older adults such as the Beers criteria. Lack of formal education or training about Beers guidelines was the main reason responsible for average knowledge among participants.
The age of doom scrolling – Social media's attractive addiction
Authors: Rajeshwari S. , S. Meenakshi 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Human survival requires the ability to communicate. Today's students' use of social media has opened up a slew of new possibilities; nevertheless, it is hard to say how many more may emerge in the future. As the years have gone by, the use of social networking sites has grown in popularity among teenagers. This research investigates both the ways in which social media draws in users and the ways in which it hooks users by revealing the gimmicky worlds that they inhabit. Depending more on social media than on oneself causes a tremendous problem. It is quite challenging to separate human beings from their many electronic devices in today's world. The use of devices gradually began to take over the world.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Qualitative research approaches were used in this research. The qualitative study's findings were gathered from a variety of secondary sources, including media articles, academic journal articles, and past theses. Throughout the course of this study, a discourse analysis method was employed, and several case studies were gathered from news articles and journals.

RESULTS:
According to the results of the research, addiction to the Internet has been defined as a decrease in an individual's ability to exercise self-control within the context of the social-cognitive framework. The research is based on true events that occurred in and around India. This research article focuses on the various positive and negative effects that social media may have on education and students. It is critical to figure out how to tackle this issue.

CONCLUSION:
One effective strategy is to restrict their access to social media. The bulk of the disadvantages may be mitigated by reducing the amount of time spent on social media sites. Keeping track of their academic progress and dealing with any problems early on can help them avoid the negative effects of social media on their education.
The economic cost of cancer treatment in Iran
Authors: Jabbari Alireza , Hadian Marziye , Mazaheri Elaheh , Jelodar Zahra Khakdel 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
With more than 12 million new cases of cancers and nearly 7.6 million deaths worldwide in 2020, cancer is currently the third leading cause of mortality in the world. The costs spent on treating patients with cancer account for a significant amount of healthcare costs. Healthcare expenditures for cancer treatment have also increased significantly and are projected to skyrocket further over the next decade. This study was conducted to determine medical and non-medical direct costs for the prevention of cancer in patients hospitalized in 10 selected educational hospitals in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in 10 selected educational hospitals in Tabriz, Tehran, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Shiraz in 2020. Using a researcher-made questionnaire, we assessed direct medical costs and direct non-medical costs of cancer in patients over 20 years old with kinds of breast, prostate, leukemia, lymphatic, stomach, liver, lung, bladder, uterine, and intestine cancers who undertook oncology treatments (n = 2410). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation and analytic statistics such as Kolmogorov–Smirnov, analysis of variance, and t-test, using SPSS 18 and P ≤0.05.

RESULT:
The mean direct non-medical cost paid out of pocket per month was $99.6 ± $10.81 USD, and the mean direct medical cost per month was $1029.4 ± $68.5 USD. The total cost paid by the patients was $889.4 ± 69.81 USD per month.

CONCLUSION:
Given the increasing number of patients with cancer, it is necessary to increase the number of special centers for the prevention and treatment of cancers. Dissemination of information about the costs of illnesses and their complications enables decision-makers to make a proper comparison between different uses of resources. Moreover, to support the patients, the health system must implement plans to decrease out-of-pocket payments by patients.
Impact of a simple educational intervention on awareness regarding cardiovascular disease among school-going adolescents in a rural area of Bengaluru district, India
Authors: Bhat Vivek , Coates Reubel , Shanbhag Deepthi , Pillai Natasha , Zacharias Neha , D'Souza Reema , Mathew Geo Judes 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death in India. Atherosclerosis begins in the second decade of life; thus, preventive efforts beginning in adolescence are crucial. Yet, there are no national or regional school-based educational programs in India for the prevention of CVD. We aimed to assess the impact of a simple educational intervention on the awareness regarding CVD among school-going adolescents in a rural area of Bengaluru.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was conducted using a convenience sample of school-going adolescents of classes 8, 9, and 10 in three schools in a rural area of Anekal subdistrict, Bengaluru, with a sample size of 170. A standardized, validated questionnaire testing CVD awareness was administered, followed by a simple lecture with audio-visual aids on key aspects of CVD. Three weeks later, the same questionnaire was administered to the same students. The results were then analyzed using appropriate descriptive (mean, percentage) and inferential analyses (Chi-square, paired t-test).

RESULTS:
The mean (SD) age was 14.5 (1.0) years, and 54% (n = 100) were boys. 75% (139) belonged to privately funded schools. 23% (43) belonged to class 8, 37% (69) to class 9, and 40% (74) to class 10. The mean (SD) total score on baseline assessment was 27.4 (9.3) out of 100, with girls and students of private schools scoring higher. The mean (SD) post-test total score was 48.5 (15.7), with significant increases in all domains of awareness, and in all categories of students.

DISCUSSION:
Awareness regarding CVD among adolescents from rural Bengaluru was poor, highlighting the need for educational interventions to aid preventive efforts. A simple educational intervention resulted in significant improvements in CVD awareness, even after 3 weeks.
Eradication efficacy of high-dose amoxicillin and proton pump inhibitor compared with quadruple therapy contained bismuth in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Hajiani Eskandar , Hashemi Seid Jalal , Parsi Abazar , Seyedian Seid Saeed , Ramim Tayeb , Sabbaghan Amin 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Helicobacter pylorus is one of the most common bacterial infections affecting the world’s population. Peptic ulcer disease is caused by H. pylori and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this study was to assessment of two antibiotic regimens in the treatment of H. pylori.

Methods:
A total of 220 H. pylori infected patients were enrolled in the randomized clinical trial that referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital gasterointestinal clinic, Ahvaz. Patients were allocated into two groups randomly. Group 1 received the 14-day proton pump inhibitor (PPI) amoxicillin-containing high-dose therapy and group II received the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy. Basic characteristics, adverse events, and eradication rates were compared between two groups.

Results:
The PPI–amoxicillin-containing high-dose therapy group achieved eradication rates of 73.6% and 72.4% as determined by the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, respectively (P > 0.05). The eradication rates at bismuth-containing quadruple therapy group were 77.2% and 76.1%, respectively, (P > 0.05). Also, there were no significant differences in the compliance rates and adverse effects between two groups (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the cost of medications in the PPI–amoxicillin-containing high-dose therapy was significantly lower compared with that in the quadruple therapy contained bismuth.

Conclusion:
PPI–amoxicillin-containing high-dose treatment regimen can be used especially in the pregnancy and lactating patient or low-economic patient because safer and less costly compared with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.
Assessment of the knowledge and practice toward male’s participation during their wives’ prenatal and postnatal care at King Saudi Medical City, Riyadh: KSA
Authors: Al Khorayef Abdulrahman , Alghunaim Lina , Aladwani Nojoud , Al Otaibi Modi , Al Saeed Mariam , Alquayt Budur , Parameaswari P. J. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Access to skilled health care services during pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal period for obstetric care is one of the strongest determinants of maternal and newborn health outcomes. The main objective of the present study is to assess the knowledge and practice toward male’s participation during their wives’ prenatal and postnatal care at King Saud Medical City.

Methods:
We conducted a single center, a quantitative, cross-sectional study based on a personal-interviewed structured questionnaire in 2019 adopting a stratified random sampling technique. Married men above 18 years with at least one child were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.

Results:
The knowledge level was positive and moderately correlated with the practice on prenatal and postnatal care r = +0.641(P = 0.000) and was statistically significant. There was a significant difference between pregnancy intention and level of education (P = 0.000). The score of knowledge and practice increased with the increase in the number of children.

Conclusion:
Socioeconomic factor was the major determinant for men’s knowledge and practice in maternal and newborn health services. In the future, studies with a large sample size are required to increase men’s awareness regarding MNH issues, but should not be limited to this.
Investigating the effect of magnesium supplement in patients with major depressive disorder under selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment
Authors: Nazarinasab Masoumeh , Behrouzian Forouzan , Abdi Leila , Sadegh Moghaddam Amir Ali , Sadeghi Susan 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Major depression disorder (MDD) is a mental disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. This disease has negative impacts on quality of life and psychological-related functions. This is a multifactorial disorder; both genetic background and environmental factors have their role. Antidepressants are prescribed as the first line of treatment for patients with depressive disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are used to treat MDD and anxiety; however, some patients do not respond to them. Regarding that, magnesium plays a major role in mood regulation; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of magnesium supplement in patients with MDD and under an SSRI treatment regimen.

Methods:
In this randomized, double-blind controlled trial, 60 patients with major depressive disorders based on the DSM-V diagnosis referred to Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, were included. The eligible patients were categorized randomly into two thirty-people groups receiving magnesium (intervention) and placebo (control) along with SSRI for 6 weeks. To evaluate the depression status, the Beck II test was applied. Subjects were examined before and after the intervention.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P > 0.05). The mean Beck scores at the beginning of the study and the second week after the intervention were not different between the two groups (P = 0.97, P = 0.56), whereas the mean Beck scores were lower in the intervention group than in the control group in the fourth and sixth weeks after the intervention (P = 0.02 and P = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion:
Administration of Mg supplement for at least 6 weeks might improve depression symptoms. It can also be considered as a potential adjunct treatment option for MDD patients who are under SSRI treatment.
Depressive symptoms in diabetic patients; prevalence, correlates, and moderating effect in Taif, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alosaimi Ameera Mishal , Alsulaimani Nada Hamed , Alotaibi Wejdan 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackground:Diabetes is associated with a range of psychosocial stressors that could lead to considerable distress and increased risk of depressive symptoms. There is a pressing need to understand the underpinnings of diabetes-related distress and how it evolves in connection with depressive moods, and fears related to hypoglycaemia. Our current study attempts to fill this knowledge gap and further explore the interconnections between distress, fear, and depression among Saudi diabetic patients.Methods:Descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of type II diabetes patients in a specialist diabetes clinic in Taif, Saudi Arabia. We carried out Poisson regression modelling to evaluate the correlates of depressive and distress symptoms.Results:The study included (n= 365) patients living with type II diabetes. Cronbach’s alpha for the DDS-17 was 0.93, and for HABS was 0.84, indicative of excellent internal consistency. Diabetes-related distress affected (n= 114, 22.8%) patients, whereas depressive symptoms affected (n= 190, 52.1%) patients. The mean HABS score was 32.7 points (out of 70 points) (SD = 9.8 points). High physical activity levels were found only in (n= 23, 6.3%) patients and moderate physical activity in (n= 65, 17.8%), whereas patients with low physical activity were (n= 277, 75.9%). Diabetes-related distress was associated with increased HbA1c, presence of eye disease, comorbid mental illness, heart disease, stroke, and low physical activity levels. Depressive symptoms were associated with increased HbA1c, longer diabetes duration, presence of eye disease, comorbid mental illness, comorbid neuropathy, heart disease, and low physical activity levels.Conclusions:Distress and depression levels are worryingly higher than previous estimates from Saudi Arabia among patients with type II diabetes, indicative of an upward trend and/or a pandemic-related jump. One significant finding from our results is the substantial effect of glycaemic control on increased distress, and depression among our type II diabetes patients. This interaction is likely due to effects on self-care and medication adherence. We also confirmed the association between depressive symptoms and the duration of diabetes. Our results indicated a connection between comorbid medical illness with depressive and distress symptoms.
Association between periodontitis and preterm low birth weight in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive pregnant women in India: A cohort study
Authors: Kiran Sunkavilli Ravi , Karnam Yudheera , Ramya Yella , Niharika Bammidi , Rani Ponnaganti Durga , Sarma Sankar Narayana 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background & Objectives:
Because of the inflammatory response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and periodontitis risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes are high. There is a limited number of studies available in the literature regarding the association between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially in HIV infection. So the main objective of the present study was to assess the risk of preterm low birth weight (PTLBW) associated with periodontitis among HIV seropositive pregnant women.

Methods:
The study sample consists of 216 HIV seropositive pregnant women with complete dental and medical history and the appointment for the follow-up visit was made after the delivery to assess the baby’s health.Gingivitis and periodontitis were assessed based on the bleeding on probing and clinical attachment levels at the first visit.

Results:
In our study, the majority of 96 (44.44%) of the gingivitis cases belong to “moderate gingivitis” and the majority of 62 (28.70%) of the periodontitis cases were found to be in the mild periodontitis category. The relative risk for women with gingivitis or periodontitis having a preterm birth, low birth weight, and PTLBW was not statistically significant. The trend of risk ratios was found to be increased over the severity of periodontitis.

Conclusion:
This study shows an association between adverse neonatal outcomes with moderate and severe periodontitis. But these results were not statistically significant. This study implicates the importance of oral health care in HIV-positive pregnant women.