bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a scoring system for the prediction of HIV drug resistance in Hubei province, China
Authors: Yan Jisong , Zhang Wenyuan , Luo Hong , Wang Xianguang , Ruan Lianguo 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to build and validate a new nomogram-based scoring system for the prediction of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR).Design and methodsTotally 618 patients with HIV/AIDS were included. The predictive model was created using a retrospective set (N = 427) and internally validated with the remaining cases (N = 191). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out to fit a model using candidate variables selected by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The predictive model was first presented as a nomogram, then transformed into a simple and convenient scoring system and tested in the internal validation set.ResultsThe developed scoring system consisted of age (2 points), duration of ART (5 points), treatment adherence (4 points), CD4 T cells (1 point) and HIV viral load (1 point). With a cutoff value of 7.5 points, the AUC, sensitivity, specificity, PLR and NLR values were 0.812, 82.13%, 64.55%, 2.32 and 0.28, respectively, in the training set. The novel scoring system exhibited a favorable diagnostic performance in both the training and validation sets.ConclusionThe novel scoring system can be used for individualized prediction of HIVDR patients. It has satisfactory accuracy and good calibration, which is beneficial for clinical practice.
Current status of transcatheter mitral valve replacement: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alperi Alberto , Avanzas Pablo , Leon Victor , Silva Iria , Hernández-Vaquero Daniel , Almendárez Marcel , Álvarez Rut , Fernández Félix , Moris Cesar , Pascual Isaac 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionMitral Regurgitation (MR) has a strong impact on quality of life and on mid-term survival. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is rapidly expanding and a growing number of studies have been published recently.MethodsA systematic review of studies reporting on clinical data for patients with symptomatic severe MR undergoing TMVR was performed. Early- and mid-term outcomes (clinical and echocardiographic) were evaluated. Overall weighted means and rates were calculated. Risk ratios or mean differences were calculated for pre- and post-procedural comparisons.ResultsA total of 12 studies and 347 patients who underwent TMVR with devices clinically available or under clinical evaluation were included. Thirty-day mortality, stroke and major bleeding rates were 8.4%, 2.6%, and 15.6%, respectively. Pooled random-effects demonstrated a significant reduction of ≥ grade 3+ MR (RR: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02–0.11; p &lt; 0.001) and in the rates of patients in NYHA class 3–4 after the intervention (RR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.22–0.34; p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, the pooled fixed-effect mean difference for quality of life based on the KCCQ score yielded an improvement in 12.9 points (95% CI:7.4–18.4, p &lt; 0.001), and exercise capacity improved by a pooled fixed-effect mean difference of 56.8 meters in the 6-minute walk test (95% CI 32.2–81.3, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsAmong 12 studies and 347 patients comprising the updated evidence with current TMVR systems there was a statistically significant reduction in ≥ grade 3+ MR and in the number of patients exhibiting poor functional class (NYHA 3 or 4) after the intervention. Overall rate of major bleeding was the main shortcoming of this technique.
The effect of postoperative anticoagulation on acute aortic dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gong Xiangfeng , Lang Qianlei , Qin Chaoyi , Meng Wei , Xiao Zhenghua 
Published: May 2023

Background and aimThe evolution of the false lumen after the repair of acute aortic dissection has been linked to numerous adverse clinical outcomes, including increased late mortality and a higher risk of reoperation. Despite the widespread use of chronic anticoagulation in patients who have undergone repair for acute aortic dissection, the effects of this therapy on false lumen evolution and its subsequent consequences are yet to be fully understood. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of postoperative anticoagulation on patients with acute aortic dissection.MethodsIn PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, Embase, and Web of Science, we performed a systematic review of nonrandomized studies, comparing outcomes with postoperative anticoagulation vs. non-anticoagulation on aortic dissection. We investigated the status of false lumen (FL), aorta-related death, aortic reintervention, and perioperative stroke in aortic dissection patients with anticoagulation and non-anticoagulation.ResultsAfter screening 527 articles, seven non-randomized studies were selected, including a total of 2,122 patients with aortic dissection. Out of these patients, 496 received postoperative anticoagulation while 1,626 served as controls. Meta-analyses of 7 studies revealed significantly higher FL patency in Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) postoperative anticoagulation with an OR of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.22 to 2.71; Z = 2.95; I²=0%; P = 0.93). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in aorta-related death, aortic reintervention, and perioperative stroke with an OR of 1.31 (95% CI: 0.56 to 3.04; Z = 0.62; I² = 0%; P = 0.40), 0.98 (95% CI: 0.66 to 1.47; Z = 0.09; I² = 23%; P = 0.26), 1.73 (95% CI: 0.48 to 6.31; Z = 0.83; I² = 8%; P = 0.35), respectively.ConclusionsPostoperative anticoagulation was associated with higher FL patency in Stanford type A aortic dissection patients. However, there was no significant difference between the anticoagulation and non-anticoagulation groups in terms of aorta-related death, aortic reintervention, and perioperative stroke.
Winter and summer sedimentary dynamic process observations in the sea area off Qinhuangdao in the Bohai Sea, China
Authors: Zhang Deqiang , Pang Chongguang , Liu Zhiliang , Jiang Jingbo 
Published: May 2023

Sedimentary processes in marginal seas play an important role in the biology, physics, and geochemistry as well as ecology of coastal environments and contain abundant information about the material transfer from land to ocean and the regional circulation. Due to the huge sediment discharge of the Yellow River, the Bohai Sea, China is one of the areas with the highest suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the world. Interestingly, the SSC at the west of the Bohai Sea is low all year round. Thus, it is of great significance to examine the sedimentary dynamic process in this area for better understanding the circulation structure, material exchange and regional environment of the Bohai Sea. Using seabed base observation platform measurements obtained in February 2017 and August 2019, this study examines the winter and summer hydrography and suspended sediment concentration in the sea area off Qinhuangdao located to the west of the Bohai Sea. In summer, the relatively weak residual currents flowed northeastward and showed little correlation with the wind field, especially in the middle layer of the water column. In winter, the residual currents were strengthened, flowing to the northeast during strong wind periods, and predominantly to the southwest during intermittent periods. Moreover, driven by the pressure gradient force associated with the wind-induced sea surface height variations, the winter current was closely related to the wind speed, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 and a time lag of 10 h. The summer SSC was lower and mainly controlled by the tidal current, whereas in winter, owing to the enhanced Reynolds stress and turbulent kinetic energy, strong wind bursts triggered significant sediment resuspension and led to a higher SSC. For the suspended sediment flux (SSF), the advection terms contributed more than 80% in the winter and summer, while the vertical circulation terms contributed 13% in winter, and approximately half that much in summer. Generally, the suspended sediment is transported back and forth, with a little net northward and northeastward motions in winter and summer, respectively. This may explain the low SSC sustaining in coastal Qinhuangdao all year round. These results provide a reference for sedimentary studies conducted in other coastal waters, especially in monsoon-dominating shelf seas.
Co-creating tools to monitor first graders’ progress in reading: a balancing act between perceived usefulness, flexibility, and workload
Authors: Francotte Eve , Colognesi Stéphane , Coertjens Liesje 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionEducational inequalities – i.e., the achievement gaps between pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds and their peers from advantaged backgrounds – are present in many OECD countries. This is particularly problematic in reading, which is a predictor of future academic and social success. To reduce this reading achievement gap, recent meta-analyses point toward progress monitoring: regularly measuring pupils’ mastery levels and differentiating instruction accordingly. However, the research recommendations only slowly make their way to teaching habits, particularly because teachers may consider progress monitoring difficult and cumbersome to implement. To avoid such difficulties, partnerships between teachers and researchers have been recommended. These allow teachers’ complex realities to be taken into account and, consequently, tools to be designed that are meaningful and feasible for practitioners.MethodUsing an iterative and participatory process inspired by practice-embedded research, the present research set out to (1) co-construct tools to monitor first-graders’ progress in reading, and (2) examine how these tools met teachers’ needs. Five teachers in the French-speaking part of Belgium co-constructed four tools during four focus groups. The transcribed discussions were analyzed using an interactional framework containing three areas of knowledge: shared, accepted, and disputed.Results and DiscussionThe results indicated three shared needs: perceived usefulness, flexibility of the tools, and a desire to limit the workload. In addition, teachers accepted that, between them, needs varied regarding the goal for progress monitoring and the format of the evaluation. They had lengthy discussions on balancing workload and perceived utility, leading them to conclude that there were two groups of teachers. The first group questioned the added value of the progress monitoring tools in relation to their habitual practice. The second group on the other hand described the added value for the teacher, certainly when aiming to grasp the level and difficulties of struggling pupils. This second group had fewer years of teaching experience and described their classroom practice as less organized compared to the teachers from the first group. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed below.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) increases undirected singing behavior and alters dopaminergic regulation of undirected song in non-breeding male European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
Authors: Heimovics Sarah , Rubin Nathan , Ford Morgan 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIt has been proposed that in species that defend territories across multiple life history stages, brain metabolism of adrenal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) regulates aggressive behavior at times when gonadal androgen synthesis is low (i.e. the non-breeding season). To date, a role for DHEA in the regulation of other forms of social behavior that are expressed outside of the context of breeding remains unknown.MethodsIn this experiment, we used the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) model system to investigate a role for DHEA in the neuroendocrine regulation of singing behavior by males in non-breeding condition. Starling song in a non-breeding context is spontaneous, not directed towards conspecifics, and functions to maintain cohesion of overwintering flocks.ResultsUsing within-subjects design, we found that DHEA implants significantly increase undirected singing behavior by non-breeding condition male starlings. Given that DHEA is known to modulate multiple neurotransmitter systems including dopamine (DA) and DA regulates undirected song, we subsequently used immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated tyrosine hydroxylase (pTH, the active form of the rate-limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) to investigate the effect of DHEA on dopaminergic regulation of singing behavior in a non-breeding context. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive linear association between undirected singing behavior and pTH immunoreactivity in the ventral tegmental area and midbrain central gray of DHEA-implanted, but not control-implanted, males.DiscussionTaken together, these data suggest that undirected singing behavior by non-breeding starlings is modulated by effects of DHEA on dopaminergic neurotransmission. More broadly, these data expand the social behavior functions of DHEA beyond territorial aggression to include undirected, affiliative social communication.
Minimal residual disease status improved the response evaluation in patients with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia
Authors: Xiong Wenjie , Wang Zanzan , Wang Tingyu , Yu Ying , Huang Yanshan , Sun Hao , Chen Jiawen , Lyu Rui , Wang Huijun , Yan Yuting , Wang Qi , Liu Wei , An Gang , Sui Weiwei , Huang Wenyang , Zou Dehui , Xiao Zhijian , Wang Jianxiang , Ouyang Guifang , Qiu Lugui , Yi Shuhua 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionMinimal residual disease (MRD) has been recognized as an important prognostic factor of survival in patients with hematological malignancies. However, the prognostic value of MRD in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) remains unexplored.MethodsWe analyzed 108 newly diagnosed WM patients receiving systematic therapy and assessed for MRD by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) using bone marrow samples.ResultsOf the total patients, 34 (31.5%) achieved undetectable MRD (uMRD). A hemoglobin level of &gt;115 g/L (P=0.03), a serum albumin level of &gt;35 g/L (P=0.01), a β2-MG level of ≤3 mg/L (P=0.03), and a low-risk International Prognostic Scoring System for WM (IPSSWM) stage (P&lt;0.01) were associated with a higher rate of uMRD. Improvements in monoclonal immunoglobulin (P&lt;0.01) and hemoglobin (P=0.03) levels were more evident in uMRD patients compared with that in MRD-positive patients. The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was better in uMRD patients compared with that in MRD-positive patients (96.2% vs. 52.8%; P=0.0012). Landmark analysis also showed that uMRD patients had better PFS compared with MRD-positive patients after 6 and 12 months. Patients who achieved partial response (PR) and uMRD had a 3-year PFS of 100%, which was significantly higher than that of patients with MRD-positive PR (62.6%, P=0.029). Multivariate analysis showed that MRD positivity was an independent factor of PFS (HR: 2.55, P=0.03). Moreover, the combination of the 6th International Workshop on WM assessment (IWWM-6 Criteria) and MRD assessment had a higher 3-year AUC compared with the IWWM-6 criteria alone (0.71 vs. 0.67).DiscussionMRD status assessed by MFC is an independent prognostic factor for PFS in patients with WM, and its determination could improve the precision of response evaluation, especially in patients who achieved PR.
Lacking ARHGAP25 mitigates the symptoms of autoantibody-induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Czárán Domonkos , Sasvári Péter , Horváth Ádám István , Ella Krisztina , Sűdy Ágnes Réka , Borbély Éva , Rusznák Kitti , Czéh Boldizsár , Mócsai Attila , Helyes Zsuzsanna , Csépányi-Kömi Roland 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveDespite intensive research on rheumatoid arthritis, the pathomechanism of the disease is still not fully understood and the treatment has not been completely resolved. Previously we demonstrated that the GTPase-activating protein, ARHGAP25 has a crucial role in the regulation of basic phagocyte functions. Here we investigate the role of ARHGAP25 in the complex inflammatory process of autoantibody-induced arthritis.MethodsWild-type and ARHGAP25 deficient (KO) mice on a C57BL/6 background, as well as bone marrow chimeric mice, were treated i.p. with the K/BxN arthritogenic or control serum, and the severity of inflammation and pain-related behavior was measured. Histology was prepared, leukocyte infiltration, cytokine production, myeloperoxidase activity, and superoxide production were determined, and comprehensive western blot analysis was conducted.ResultsIn the absence of ARHGAP25, the severity of inflammation, joint destruction, and mechanical hyperalgesia significantly decreased, similarly to phagocyte infiltration, IL-1β, and MIP-2 levels in the tibiotarsal joint, whereas superoxide production or myeloperoxidase activity was unchanged. We observed a significantly mitigated phenotype in KO bone marrow chimeras as well. In addition, fibroblast-like synoviocytes showed comparable expression of ARHGAP25 to neutrophils. Significantly reduced ERK1/2, MAPK, and I-κB protein signals were detected in the arthritic KO mouse ankles.ConclusionOur findings suggest that ARHGAP25 has a key role in the pathomechanism of autoantibody-induced arthritis in which it regulates inflammation via the I-κB/NF-κB/IL-1β axis with the involvement of both immune cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
Microwave-assisted biosynthesis of nano silver and its synergistic antifungal activity against Curvularia lunata
Authors: Xiao Xiuhua , Zheng Zirui , Yu Haibing , Huang Weidong , Ji Wenchao 
Published: May 2023

It is necessary to explore eco-friendly antimicrobial agents to resolve problems such as pathogen resistance and pesticide residues. In this study, Mentha haplocalyx leaf extract was applied to biosynthesize nano silver using a microwave-assisted method. The detailed properties of the nano silver were systematically revealed by several analytical methods. The antifungal activity of nano silver and synergistic antifungal effects of nano silver conjugated with pesticides against Curvularia lunata were determined. Pathogen invasion was significantly inhibited (57.3%) on detached and intravital maize leaves when the concentration of nano silver was 200 μg mL−1, with an inhibition zone diameter of 12.5 ± 1.18 mm. In addition, a clear synergistic antifungal effect of nano silver conjugated with epoxiconazole was observed at volume ratios of 8:2 and 9:1, while the toxicity ratios were 1.18 and 1.11, respectively. These results not only provide a new avenue for pathogen management, but also enable reduced dosages of antibiotics and pesticides to mitigate or avoid emergence of drug-resistant pathogens.
The role of sex differences in depression in pathologically defined Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Tremblay Cécilia , Choudhury Parichita , Belden Christine M. , Goldfarb Danielle , Lorenzini Ileana , Beach Thomas G. , Serrano Geidy E. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSex differences in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may contribute to disease heterogeneity and affect prevalence, risk factors, disease trajectories and outcomes. Depression impacts a large number of patients with AD and has been reported to be more prevalent in women. We aimed to better understand the interaction between sex, depression and AD neuropathology, which could have implications for detection of symptoms, earlier diagnosis, therapeutic management, and enhanced quality of life.MethodsWe compared 338 cases with clinicopathologically confirmed AD (46% women) to 258 control cases (50% women), without dementia, parkinsonism or a significant pathological diagnosis. Depression was assessed both, using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), and as being reported in their medical history combined with treatment with antidepressant medication.ResultsIn the control group, women showed a higher depression severity, and a higher proportion of women were found to meet the cut-off score for depression on the HAM-D (32 vs. 16%) and having an history of depression (33 vs. 21%), while these sex differences were not observed in AD. Further, in both groups, female sex independently predicted the presence of depression, with covariates for age and cognitive status. AD subjects had higher mean HAM-D scores, were more likely to meet cutoff scores for depression (41 vs. 24%) and have a history of depression than controls (47 vs. 27%). When comparing the increase in frequency of depression in controls versus AD, the difference was significantly greater in men (AD men - control men: 24%) than in women (AD women - control women: 9%). Although subjects with depression were more likely to have higher levels of AD neuropathology, these differences were not observed when investigating the control or AD group separately.DiscussionControl women had a higher likelihood and severity of depression than control men, but this sex difference was not noted when considering only those with pathologically defined AD, emphasizing the importance of considering sex in aging studies. AD was associated with higher rates of depression and men may be more likely to report or be diagnosed with depression once they develop AD indicating the importance of more frequent depression screenings in men.
Association between short-term air pollution exposure and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage: pilot evidence from Taiwan
Authors: Liao Kuo-Hsing , Chan Ta-Chien , Wu Chia-Chieh , Huang Wen-Cheng , Hsu Chin-Wang , Chuang Hsiao-Chi , Wiratama Bayu Satria , Chiu Wen-Ta , Lam Carlos 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe detrimental effects of air pollution on the brain are well established. However, few studies have examined the effect of air pollution on traumatic brain injury (TBI). This pilot study evaluated the association between short-term air pollution exposure and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (TIH).MethodsHospital data of patients with TBI following road traffic accidents were retrospectively collected from the electronic medical records at five trauma centers in Taiwan between 1 January and 31 December 2017. TIH was employed as an outcome measure. All road accident locations were geocoded, and air quality data were collected from the nearest monitoring stations. Air pollutants were entered into five multivariable models. A sensitivity analysis was performed on patients who are vulnerable to suffering TBI after road accidents, including motorcyclists, bicyclists, and pedestrians.ResultsAmong 730 patients with TBI, 327 had TIH. The ages of ≥65 [odds ratio (OR), 3.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.85–5.70], 45–64 (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.64–4.15), and 25–44 (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.13–2.84) years were identified as significant risk factors in the multivariable analysis. In the best-fit multivariable model, exposure to higher concentrations of particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) was associated with an elevated TIH risk (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.17–1.94). The concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOX) did not increase the risk of TIH (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.32–0.61). After categorizing the air pollution concentration according to quartile, the trend tests in the multivariate model showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 and NOX were significant (p = 0.017 and p &lt; 0.001, respectively). There was a negative borderline significant association between temperature and TIH risk (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.56–1.00, p = 0.05). Notably, the single-vehicle crash was a significant risk factor (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.30–3.42) for TIH.DiscussionHigh PM2.5 concentrations and low temperatures are risk factors for TIH in patients with TBI. High NOX concentrations are associated with a lower TIH risk.