bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of high-grain diet feeding on fatty acid profiles in milk, blood, muscle, and adipose tissue, and transcriptional expression of lipid-related genes in muscle and adipose tissue of dairy cows
Authors: Cui Qiaorong , Lin Limei , Lai Zheng , Mao Shengyong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh-grain (HG) diets affect lipid metabolism in the liver and mammary tissue of dairy cows, but its effects on muscle and adipose tissue have not been wide evaluated. Thus, the aim of this study is to clarify this issue.MethodsTwelve Holstein cows were randomly divided into two groups: conventional diet group (CON,n = 6) and the HG diet group (n = 6). On day 7 of week 4, rumen fluid was sampled to measure pH, milk was sampled to measure components, and blood was sampled to measure biochemical parameters and fatty acid composition. After the experiment, cows were slaughtered to collect muscle and adipose tissue for fatty acid composition and transcriptome analysis.ResultsHG feeding decreased the ruminal pH, milk’s fat content and long-chain fatty acid proportion (P < 0.05) and increased the proportion of short- and medium-chain fatty acids in the milk (P < 0.05) as compared with CON diets. The concentrations of blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the HG cows were lower than those in CON cows (P < 0.05). In muscle tissue, HG feeding tended to increase the triacylglycerol (TG) concentration (P < 0.10). Transcriptome analysis revealed changes in the biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids pathway, the regulation of lipolysis in the adipocytes pathway, and the PPAR signalling pathway. In adipose tissue, HG feeding increased the concentration of TG and decreased the concentration of C18:1cis9 (P < 0.05). At the transcriptome level, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, linoleic acid metabolism pathway, and PPAR signalling pathway were activated.ConclusionHG feeding leads to subacute rumen acidosis and a decreased milk fat content. The fatty acid profiles in the milk and plasma of dairy cows were changed by HG feeding. In muscle and adipose tissue, HG feeding increased TG concentration and up-regulated the expression of genes related to adipogenesis, while down-regulated the expression of genes related to lipid transport. These results complement our knowledge of the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue in dairy cows and expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which HG diets affect lipid metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue.
Colonization and development of the gut microbiome in calves
Authors: Du Yufeng , Gao Ya , Hu Mingyang , Hou Jinxiu , Yang Linhai , Wang Xianghuang , Du Wenjuan , Liu Jianxin , Xu Qingbiao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractColonization and development of the gut microbiome are crucial for the growth and health of calves. In this review, we summarized the colonization, beneficial nutrition, immune function of gut microbiota, function of the gut barrier, and the evolution of core microbiota in the gut of calves of different ages. Homeostasis of gut microbiome is beneficial for nutritional and immune system development of calves. Disruption of the gut microbiome leads to digestive diseases in calves, such as diarrhea and intestinal inflammation. Microbiota already exists in the gut of calf fetuses, and the colonization of microbiota continues to change dynamically under the influence of various factors, which include probiotics, diet, age, and genotype. Colonization depends on the interaction between the gut microbiota and the immune system of calves. The abundance and diversity of these commensal microbiota stabilize and play a critical role in the health of calves.
Efficiency determination of J-PET: first plastic scintillators-based PET scanner
Authors: Sharma S. , Baran J. , Chug N. , Curceanu C. , Czerwiński E. , Dadgar M. , Dulski K. , Eliyan K. , Gajos A. , Gupta-Sharma N. , Hiesmayr B. C. , Kacprzak K. , Kapłon Ł. , Klimaszewski K. , Konieczka P. , Korcyl G. , Kozik T. , Krzemień W. , Kumar D. , Niedźwiecki Sz. , Panek D. , Parzych S. , del Rio E. Perez , Raczyński L. , Choudhary Shivani , Shopa R. Y. , Skurzok M. , Stępień E. Ł. , Tayefi F. , Tayefi K. , Wiślicki W. , Moskal P. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph is the 3-layer prototype of the first scanner based on plastic scintillators, consisting of 192 half-metre-long strips with readouts at both ends. Compared to crystal-based detectors, plastic scintillators are several times cheaper and could be considered as a more economical alternative to crystal scintillators in future PETs. JPET is also a first multi-photon PET prototype. For the development of multi-photon detection, with photon characterized by the continuous energy spectrum, it is important to estimate the efficiency of J-PET as a function of energy deposition. The aim of this work is to determine the registration efficiency of the J-PET tomograph as a function of energy deposition by incident photons and the intrinsic efficiency of the J-PET scanner in detecting photons of different incident energies. In this study, 3-hit events are investigated, where 2-hits are caused by 511 keV photons emitted in $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

annihilations, while the third hit is caused by one of the scattered photons. The scattered photon is used to accurately measure the scattering angle and thus the energy deposition. Two hits by a primary and a scattered photon are sufficient to calculate the scattering angle of a photon, while the third hit ensures the precise labeling of the 511 keV photons.

Results
By comparing experimental and simulated energy distribution spectra, the registration efficiency of the J-PET scanner was determined in the energy deposition range of 70–270 keV, where it varies between 20 and 100$$\%$$
%
. In addition, the intrinsic efficiency of the J-PET was also determined as a function of the energy of the incident photons.

Conclusion
A method for determining registration efficiency as a function of energy deposition and intrinsic efficiency as a function of incident photon energy of the J-PET scanner was demonstrated. This study is crucial for evaluating the performance of the scanner based on plastic scintillators and its applications as a standard and multi-photon PET systems. The method may be also used in the calibration of Compton-cameras developed for the ion−beam therapy monitoring and simultaneous multi-radionuclide imaging in nuclear medicine.
Validation of $$^{99m}$$Tc and $$^{177}$$Lu quantification parameters for a Monte Carlo modelled gamma camera
Authors: Di Domenico Giovanni , Di Biaso Simona , Longo Lorenzo , Turra Alessandro , Tonini Eugenia , Longo MariaConcetta , Uccelli Licia , Bartolomei Mirco 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Monte Carlo (MC) simulation in Nuclear Medicine is a powerful tool for modeling many physical phenomena which are difficult to track or measure directly. MC simulation in SPECT/CT imaging is particularly suitable for optimizing the quantification of activity in a patient, and, consequently, the absorbed dose to each organ. To do so, validating MC results with real data acquired with gamma camera is mandatory. The aim of this study was the validation of the calibration factor (CF) and the recovery coefficient (RC) obtained with SIMIND Monte Carlo code for modeling a Siemens Symbia Intevo Excel SPECT-CT gamma camera to ensure optimal $$^{99m}$$

99
m

Tc and $$^{177}$$

177

Lu SPECT quantification.

Methods
Phantom experiments using $$^{99m}$$

99
m

Tc and $$^{177}$$

177

Lu have been performed to measure spatial resolution and sensitivity, as well as to evaluate the CF and RC from acquired data. The geometries used for 2D planar imaging were (1) Petri dish and (2) capillary source while for 3D volumetric imaging were (3) a uniform filled cylinder phantom and (4) a Jaszczack phantom with spheres of different volumes. The experimental results have been compared with the results obtained from Monte Carlo simulations performed in the same geometries.

Results
Comparison shows good accordance between simulated and experimental data. The measured planar spatial resolution was 8.3$$\pm 0.8$$

±
0.8

mm for $$^{99m}$$

99
m

Tc and 11.8±0.6 mm for $$^{177}$$

177

Lu. The corresponding data obtained by SIMIND for $$^{99m}$$

99
m

Tc was 7.8±0.1 mm, while for $$^{177}$$

177

Lu was 12.4±0.4 mm. The CF was 110.1±5.5 cps/MBq for Technetium and 18.3±1.0 cps/MBq for Lutetium. The corresponding CF obtained by SIMIND for $$^{99m}$$

99
m

Tc was 107.3±0.3 cps/MBq, while for $$^{177}$$

177

Lu 20.4±0.7 cps/MBq. Moreover, a complete curve RCs vs Volume (ml) both for Technetium and Lutetium was determined to correct the PVE for all volumes of clinical interest. In none of the cases, a RC coefficient equal to 100 was found.

Conclusions
The validation of quantification parameters shows that SIMIND can be used for simulating both gamma camera planar and SPECT images of Siemens Symbia Intevo using $$^{99m}$$

99
m

Tc and $$^{177}$$

177

Lu radionuclides for different medical purposes and treatments.
The effect of mothers’ nutritional education and knowledge on children’s nutritional status: a systematic review
Authors: Prasetyo Yoyok Bekti , Permatasari Pipit , Susanti Henny Dwi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMalnutrition in children is a significant risk factor for child mortality and is a global health problem. One of the influencing factors is low economic factors and the mother's education. This study aimed to analyze the effect of mothers’ nutritional education and knowledge on children’s nutritional status: a systematic review. The literature examined in this literature review uses four databases, including Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google scholar. The studies included the effect of nutrition education on maternal knowledge and children's nutritional status. Nutrition education impacted mothers’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills (p < 0.001). The effect of nutrition education on mothers affects children’s nutritional status, namely in the form of changes in the average birth weight of children, increasing 0.257 kg/0.26 kg compared with birth weight in the control group (β = 0.257, p < 0.001). Nutrition education has a significant impact on increasing maternal knowledge and children's nutritional status. Sharing various approaches can be done by providing nutrition education, brainstorming, and demonstrations. Nutritional health education methods and media can be in booklets, guidebooks, leaflets, and internet technology applications.
Rhabdomyolysis caused by interaction between rosuvastatin and vadadustat: a case report
Authors: Sakurama Keiki , Iguchi Yuki , Haruki Sara , Hata Yusuke , Hiraga Madoka , Yumoto Shinya , Kai Yutaka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by melting or necrosis of skeletal muscle cells and leakage of muscle components into the bloodstream. It has been reported that the interaction of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor rosuvastatin with the renal anemia drug vadadustat increases the blood concentration of rosuvastatin in vitro. In this study, we report a case of suspected rhabdomyolysis caused by the drug interaction of rosuvastatin and vadadustat in clinical practice.

Case presentation
A 62-year-old male with medical records of hypertension, myocardial infarction, chronic renal failure, renal anemia, dyslipidemia, and alcoholic liver disease. The patient had been diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at the Department of Nephrology, and treated by outpatient care with renal support therapy for the past two years. On X-63 day, his prescription was rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) and a continuous erythrocyte-stimulating agent, epoetin beta pegol (genetical recombination, 100 μg). X-Day 0, blood tests revealed creatine phosphokinase (CPK) 298 U/L, serum creatinine (SCr) 5.26 mg/dL, and hemoglobin (Hb) 9.5 g/dL; thus, the prescription was changed from epoetin beta pegol 100 μg to vadadustat 300 mg/day. On X + day 80, a prescription for a diuretic (azosemide 15 mg/day) was added for swelling of the lower extremities. On X + day 105, we found CPK 16,509 U/L, SCr 6.51 mg/dL, and Hb 9.5 g/dL. The patient was diagnosed as rhabdomyolysis and hospitalized. After hospitalization, rosuvastatin and vadadustat were discontinued and we administered intravenous fluids. Thereafter, CPK and SCr values of the patient improved. On X + day 122, CPK improved to 29 U/L, SCr to 2.6 mg/dL, and Hb to 9.6 g/dL, and he was discharged on X + day 124. At discharge, rosuvastatin 2.5 mg/day was resumed. A blood test on X + day 133 showed CPK 144 U/L and SCr 4.2 mg/dL.

Conclusion
We experienced a case of rhabdomyolysis caused by drug interactions between rosuvastatin and vadadustat.
Thoracoscopic and laparoscopic approach for pleuroperitoneal communication under peritoneal dialysis: a report of four cases
Authors: Hashimoto Teppei , Osaki Toshihiro , Oka Soichi , Fujikawa Takahisa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Pleuroperitoneal communication (PPC) is a rare complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and often forces patients to switch to hemodialysis. Some efficiencies of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for PPC have been reported recently; however, there is no standard approach for these complications. In this case series, we present a combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic approach for PPC in four patients to better assess its feasibility and efficiency.

Case presentation
Clinical characteristics, perioperative findings, surgical procedures, and clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. We combined VATS with a laparoscopic approach to detect and repair the diaphragmatic lesions responsible for PPC. We first performed pneumoperitoneum in all patients following thoracoscopic exploration. In two cases, we found bubbles gushing out of a small pore in the central tendon of the diaphragm. The lesions were closed with 4-0 non-absorbable monofilament sutures, covered with a sheet of absorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) felt, and sprayed with fibrin glue. In the other two cases without bubbles, a laparoscope was inserted, and we observed the diaphragm from the abdominal side. In one of the two cases, two pores were detected on the abdominal side. The lesions were closed using sutures and reinforced using the same procedure. In one case, we failed to detect a pore using VATS combined with the laparoscopic approach. Therefore, we covered the diaphragm with only a sheet of PGA felt and fibrin glue. There was no recurrence of PPC, and CAPD was resumed at an average of 11.3 days.

Conclusions
The combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic approach is an effective treatment for detecting and repairing the lesions responsible for PPC.
Prevention of surgical site infection: a ten-step approach
Authors: Tarabichi Saad , Parvizi Javad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSurgical site infection (SSI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgery. Similarly, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), is a major cause of failure after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). As the annual volume of TJA procedures is projected to rise, so will the rate of subsequent SSI and PJI. Currently, prevention has been identified as the single most important strategy for combating SSI/PJI. Hence, the present article will serve as a summary of an evidence-based ten-step approach for SSI/PJI prevention that may help orthopedic surgeons with their infection prevention strategies.
Bioactive constituents and health promoting compounds of underutilized fruits of the northern Himalayas of India: a review
Authors: Bachheti Archana , Deepti  , Bachheti Rakesh Kumar , Singh Anjita , Zebeaman Meseret , Hunde Yilma , Husen Azamal 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWild and underutilized plants bearing fruits widely grow throughout the northern Himalayas, including Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, and Uttarakhand states of India. The fruits of these plants have the potential for rural development in Northern Himalayas by developing more commercial products.Ficus auriculata,Rubus ellipticus,Myrica esculenta,Ficus palmata,Pyracantha crenulate,Prunus armeniaca,Berberis asiatiica,Pyrus pashia,Rubus niveus,Carissa spinarum,Cordia dichotoma,Flacourtia indica,Malus sikkimensis,Olea ferruginea,Elaeagnus latifolia,Corylus jacquemontii, andPinus gerardianaare some examples of the plant species. Local people mainly consume the fruits of these plant species and a few of them are used for different processed food items such as jam, jelly, juice, squash, and sauce on a small scale. Therefore, fruits of wild and underutilized plants have potential nutritional values. They are widely used as sources of protein, fat, carbohydrate, macronutrients, and micronutrients. These fruits also contain multipurpose and diversified classes of phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides, and alkaloids, which are applied to treat various human and livestock health ailments. The extracts of underutilized fruits are widely applied to treat cold, fever, fertility disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. Their phytochemical compounds also demonstrated antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, and antinociceptive activities. Thus, this review highlights the current research status about the nutritional profiling, chemical composition, and utilization of these valuable fruits effectively/adequately to develop new food and pharmaceutical products.Graphical Abstract
Effect of health education program on improving knowledge and atitude towards mental health stigma and professional help-seeking among adolescents
Authors: Abd El Salam Amira E. , AbdAllah Amany M. , El Maghawry Hala A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Engaging adolescents in mental health education programs can markedly improve their knowledge, decrease stigma, and enhance professional help-seeking. Two-step study was carried out. The first step was applied to 416 secondary school students in two Egyptian Governorates, using an adapted version of a questionnaire used to survey beliefs and attitudes towards mental illness and professional help-seeking. The second step, a health education program, was implemented upon 224 students; they were classified into intervention and control groups. The program was done to improve their knowledge and attitude.

Results
About 8% of participants had positive findings suggestive of mental illness; the commonest disorder was anxiety disorder (3.9%). Although most of the participants had a positive attitude towards a mentally ill person, 70.7% of them considered mentally ill persons dangerous, and 60.3% will be ashamed if they/their relatives have a mental illness. The main station of seeking help if having a mental trouble was friends (38.9%). The intervention succeeded to change the belief that mental illness is like any other illness from 46.4 to 96.4%. It decreased the belief that mental illness is an evil spirit from 38.4 to 6.3%. Attitude was improved after intervention for all items except in the point of marrying a person with mental illness. Help-seeking from family members or healthcare workers was significantly improved after the intervention.

Conclusions
Anxiety was the commonest mental disorder among the studied group. Negative attitude and wrong beliefs can be changed with health education. Low professional help-seeking may arise the need for more effective professional interventions.
Lead halide perovskite sensitized WSe2 photodiodes with ultrahigh open circuit voltages
Authors: Lee Sung-Joon , Cheng Hung-Chieh , Wang Yiliu , Zhou Boxuan , Li Dehui , Wang Gongming , Liu Yuan , Guo Jian , Wu Hao , Kang Dae Joon , Huang Yu , Duan Xiangfeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo-dimensional semiconductors (2DSCs) have attracted considerable interests for optoelectronic devices, but are often plagued by the difficulties in tailoring the charge doping type and poor optical absorption due to their atomically thin geometry. Herein, we report a methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3)/2DSC heterojunction device, in which the electric-field controllable ion migration in the perovskite layer is exploited to induce reversible electron- and hole-doping effects in the underlying monolayer tungsten diselenide (WSe2) to form a programmable p–n photodiode. At the same time, the CH3NH3PbI3 layer functions as a highly efficient sensitization layer to greatly boost the optical absorption and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the resulting photodiode. By asymmetrically poling the perovskite layer, gold-contacted CH3NH3PbI3/WSe2 devices show a switchable open circuit voltage up to 0.78 V, along with a high EQE of 84.3%. The integration of tunable graphene-contacts further improves the photodiode performance to achieve a highest open circuit voltage of 1.08 V and a maximum EQE of 91.3%, greatly exceeding those achieved previously in 2DSC lateral diodes. Our studies establish a non-invasive approach to switch optoelectronic functions and open up a new avenue toward high-performance reconfigurable optoelectronic devices from 2DSCs.
Saturated Fatty Acids and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Metabolic Parameters in Ovariectomized Female Mice
Authors: Sui Ke , Yasrebi Ali , Malonza Natasha , Jaffri Zehra H , Fisher Samuel E , Seelenfreund Isaac , McGuire Brandon D , Martinez Savannah A , MacDonell Avery T , Tveter Kevin M , Longoria Candace R , Shapses Sue A , Campbell Sara C , Roopchand Diana E , Roepke Troy A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In menopausal and postmenopausal women, the risk for obesity, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and gut dysbiosis are elevated by the depletion of 17β-estradiol. A diet that is high in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly linoleic acid (LA), and low in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) found in coconut oil and omega-3 PUFAs may worsen symptoms of estrogen deficiency. To investigate this hypothesis, ovariectomized C57BL/6J and transgenic fat-1 mice, which lower endogenous omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, were treated with either a vehicle or estradiol benzoate (EB) and fed a high-fat diet with a high or low PUFA:SFA ratio for ~15 weeks. EB treatment reversed obesity, glucose intolerance, and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. fat-1 mice fed a 1% LA diet experienced reduced weight gain and adiposity, while those fed a 22.5% LA diet exhibited increased energy expenditure and activity in EB-treated ovariectomized mice. Coconut oil SFAs and omega-3 FAs helped protect against glucose intolerance without EB treatment. Improved insulin sensitivity was observed in wild-type and fat-1 mice fed 1% LA diet with EB treatment, while fat-1 mice fed 22.5% LA diet was protected against insulin resistance without EB treatment. The production of short-chain fatty acids by gut microbial microbiota was linked to omega-3 FAs production and improved energy homeostasis. These findings suggest that a balanced dietary fatty acid profile containing SFAs and a lower ratio of omega-6:omega-3 FAs is more effective in alleviating metabolic disorders during E2 deficiency.