bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of an AI Chatbot for Customer Service
Authors: Harbola Aditya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A company's customer service is very important to its success. It can help boost revenue and retain customers. As digital technology has increased the demand for 24-hour support, businesses are now turning to AI chatbots to provide better and more personalized service. Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots can help businesses improve the customer experience and reduce the workload of their customer service agents. The paper presents the development and implementation of a chatbot utilizing NLP and AI techniques. It aims to provide efficient and personalized responses to customers' inquiries. The research process involved gathering and analyzing data, developing the chatbot's framework, and carrying out the study. Its architecture and framework were built with the help of NLP and AI. This feature allows the chatbot to respond to users' natural language queries. Its features were also designed to help customers navigate through various tasks and provide recommendations. The chatbot was well-received by its users and was able to provide effective and efficient customer service. The findings of the study indicate that the potential of AI and NLP in enhancing the experience of customers is immense.
Enhancing MNIST Digit Recognition with Ensemble Learning Techniques
Authors: Kapil Divya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The classification task known as MNIST digit recognition involves identifying handwritten numbers into their corresponding values. Although there are numerous approaches proposed for this type of task, they typically face issues in achieving high accuracy. One method that can improve single models' performance is through ensemble learning. The goal of this study is to explore the use of various learning techniques, such as boosting and bagging, in combination with random forest models and decision trees, to improve the performance of MNIST digit recognition with regard to accuracy. We then perform evaluations on these methods using various metrics, such as recall, precision, accuracy, and F1. The findings of this study provide valuable insight into the various advantages of ensemble methods for the MNIST digit recognition task. It also highlights the need to explore these techniques in the context of machine learning. The objective of this study is to investigate the use of ensembles in improving the accuracy of MNIST digit recognition. We performed evaluations on two popular methods, namely boosting and bagging, with random forest and decision tree models. The evaluation parameters included F1 score, recall, accuracy, and precision. The results of the evaluations revealed that both boosting and bagging methods performed well in terms of their evaluation metrics. In most cases, the decision tree performed better than the random forest. However, the random forest method was able to achieve the highest accuracy, which is 99 percent. The findings of the evaluation revealed that ensembles can help improve single models' accuracy in MNIST digit recognition. On the other hand, the random forest method is a promising option for this task. The exact results of the evaluations will vary depending on the evaluation and implementation metrics. More research is needed to confirm their generalizability. The study emphasizes the value of exploring ensembles in machine learning systems, as well as the potential advantages of performing MNIST digit recognition using them.
Iot Based Precision Farming and Agriculture - Aspects and Technologies
Authors: Arya Chandrakala 
Published: May 2023

The emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has presented novel prospects for precision farming and agriculture. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of recent research studies pertaining to Internet of Things (IoT) applications in the agricultural sector. The objective of this review is to furnish a thorough examination of the diverse facets and technologies linked with precision farming based on the Internet of Things (IoT).
The aforementioned review presents a comprehensive overview of the primary discoveries and perspectives derived from said investigations. This study investigates the utilisation of sensor networks and data collection methodologies to facilitate the contemporaneous monitoring of soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and crop health. The utilisation of remote sensing methods, such as the utilisation of satellite imagery and drones, was examined as a means of monitoring crops and estimating yield.
The study investigated the efficacy of resource optimisation and automation tactics, including intelligent irrigation systems, in the domains of resource conservation and productivity enhancement. The convergence of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and Decision Support Systems (DSS) was a key area of focus, examining the creation of data-centric insights and suggestions for agricultural practitioners. The successful implementation of IoT-based agricultural systems was found to be influenced by critical factors such as connectivity and communication infrastructure, as well as security and privacy concerns.
The present review article offers significant perspectives on the progress and constraints of precision farming and agriculture based on the Internet of Things (IoT), underscoring the significance of additional research and development endeavours in this swiftly developing domain.
Fusion of Multilayer Perception and Kalman Filter for Indoor Object Tracking
Authors: Singh Kamred Udham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The task of tracking indoor objects presents a formidable challenge due to a multitude of factors, including but not limited to occlusions, fluctuations in lighting conditions, and intricate object movements. The conventional employment of Kalman filter-based techniques for tracking objects within indoor environments has been extensively utilised. However, these methods frequently encounter constraints such as insufficient flexibility and inadequate depiction of intricate object kinetics. In order to overcome these constraints, a new methodology is suggested which integrates the Kalman filter and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) models for the purpose of tracking objects within indoor environments. The suggested methodology amalgamates the advantages of the two models, wherein the Kalman filter manages the sensor data that is prone to noise and offers state estimation, whereas the MLP model captures the intricate nonlinear dynamics of the object being tracked. The results obtained from experiments conducted on a dataset that is available to the public demonstrate that the method proposed exhibits superior performance in terms of both tracking accuracy and robustness when compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. The approach being proposed exhibits potential applications in diverse domains including surveillance, robotics, and human-computer interaction, wherein dependable object tracking is of utmost importance.
Tree Structure Based Routing Algorithm Wih Mobile Gateway for IOT-WSN
Authors: Arya Chandrakala 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The Internet of Things, often known as IoT, is a sector that is seeing significant expansion due to the fact that billions of objects are now linked to the internet. The most effective way to transmit data from one device to another is one of the most significant obstacles presented by the Internet of Things. In this article, we present a Tree Structure Based Routing Algorithm with Mobile Gateway for Internet of Things-Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), the goal of which is to increase the efficiency of routing data in Internet of Things-Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The algorithm that has been presented makes use of a tree-based structure to route data and integrates a mobile gateway in order to increase network coverage and minimise the amount of energy that is used. In terms of network longevity, packet delivery ratio, and energy efficiency, the results of the simulation show that our suggested method surpasses current routing algorithms.
Laser – fluorescence based evaluation of remineralization in artificial enamel lesions using three commercially available re-mineralizing agents – An invitro study
Authors: Kour Sukhbir , Malik Azhar , Choudhary Trishagni , Kumar Ajay , P R Pradeep , Dhani Rachna 
Published: May 2023

The objective of this in-vitro study is evaluation of remineralization potential of three remineralization agents- Tricalcium phosphate flouride(TCP-F), Calcium sucrose phosphate(CaSP), Casein phosphopeptide- amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP) in artificial enamel lesion using laser fluorescence based DIAGNOdent(KaVo). 30 single rooted premolars were selected. Samples were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 samples each. Baseline values were recorded before any intervention. A 4mmx4mm window was prepared on the buccal surface which was then subjected to demineralization for 96 hr at 37°C. DIAGNOdent values were recorded after demineralization. Remineralization was done using Group I TCP-F, Group II CaSP, Group III CPP-ACP remineralizing agents. The samples were subjected to DIAGNOdent analysis after 72hrs, 7days, 14 days. The data was analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post Hoc test. All three groups showed significant difference in DIAGNOdent values at baseline, post demineralization and post remineralization. TCP-F group showed maximum remineralization followed by CaSP and CPP-ACP groups. DIAGNOdent is a reliable non-invasive caries detecting device to measure early demineralization. TCP-F, CaSP, CPP-ACP are proven to possess remineralization properties.
Minimally invasive technique for improvement of aesthetic in cases of mild to moderate fluorosis: A case report
Authors: Prachi  , Deepanshi  , Arya Ashtha , Grewal Mandeep S. , Thapak Gaurav 
Published: May 2023

Patients have been increasingly worried about tooth discolouration in recent years, particularly when the maxillary anterior teeth are implicated. Dental fluorosis appears clinically as white patches or opaque white lines, or the tooth surface may have a white, parchment-like look. The brown stains visible in moderate to severe fluorosis are caused by the ingestion of extrinsic stains, primarily from the food. Higher fluoride concentrations cause discontiguous or confluent pitting of the enamel surface, which is accompanied by extrinsic stains.The aim of this case report is to demonstrate a conservative technique of minimally invasive procedures for esthetic correction in anterior teeth which includes methods like microabrasion, tooth bleaching and resin infiltration carried out in sequence for the removal or masking of fluorosis stains in maxillary and mandibular anteriors.
Customer Service for Customers at Bank Syariah Indonesia Ngawi Sub-Branch
Authors: Ivainaroh Rika Ema , Luthfi Hadi Aminuddin  
Published: May 2023

The competition felt by Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi is very tight and Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi tries to provide services. Therefore, further research is needed on the services provided. The main objective of this study is to analyze good service practices, service strategies and the impact of service strategies used by Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi. The method used is qualitative by using the type of field research. The research was conducted by collecting data through interviews by interviewing customers and customer service of Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi. The results of the study indicate that the role of customer service is also applied at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi quite well to improve customers and bank image. The service practice at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi is quite good, although not all of the criteria for good service have been fulfilled or carried out by customer service at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi. In providing services to customers. Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi uses the Ultimate Service service strategy and customer complaint strategy. The services provided by the Customer Service of Bank Syariah Indonesia are good, it can be seen through customer service in carrying out its role, in carrying out the criteria for good service, and it can also be seen from the determination of strategies used to improve services to customers at Bank Syariah Indonesia. KCP Ngawi.
Persaingan yang dirasakan Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi sangat ketat dan Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi berusaha memberikan pelayanan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai layanan yang diberikan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis praktik pelayanan yang baik, strategi pelayanan dan dampak dari strategi pelayanan yang digunakan oleh Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan mewawancarai nasabah dan customer service Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran customer service juga diterapkan di Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi cukup baik untuk meningkatkan citra nasabah dan bank. Praktik pelayanan di Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi sudah cukup baik, walaupun belum semua kriteria pelayanan yang baik telah dipenuhi atau dilakukan oleh customer service di Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi. Dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada pelanggan. Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Ngawi menggunakan strategi layanan Ultimate Service dan strategi pengaduan nasabah. Pelayanan yang diberikan oleh Customer Service Bank Syariah Indonesia sudah baik, dapat dilihat melalui customer service dalam menjalankan perannya, dalam menjalankan kriteria pelayanan yang baik, dan juga dapat dilihat dari penentuan strategi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada nasabah di Bank Syariah Indonesia. KCP Ngawi.
Produktivitas Pengelolaan Zakat dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Mustahik di LAZISNU Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Budianto Budianto , Aji Damanuri  
Published: May 2023

This research is motivated by the management of productive zakat which is experiencing obstacles, this is due to fraud from mustahik who do not use the zakat aid funds properly. The purpose of this study was to analyze the productivity of zakat management in improving the mustahik economy in LAZISNU, Sumenep Regency. The type of research used by the researcher is field research. This research approach uses descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through interviews and data analysis techniques using deductive methods that analyze general data to draw specific conclusions. The results of this study indicate that in the management of productive zakat funds, there are obstacles in determining mustahik that are not appropriate. In addition, the lack of guidance provided by amil to mustahik so that not a few of the mustahik misuse the productive zakat funds. The impact of zakat productivity on mustahik is positive and negative, this is due to the consistency of mustahik in developing productive zakat funds according to or not with the initial agreement. In this case, the researcher suggests that in the future there should be additional aspects of organizing, planning and controlling. Then the determination of mustahik must be carried out according to the right target and indeed mustahik are in need.
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pengelolaan zakat produktif yang pengalami hambatan hal itu disebabkan karna adanya kecurangan dari mustahik yang tidak menggunakan dana bantuan zakat tersebut sebagaimana mestinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis produktifitas pengelolaan zakat dalam meningkatkan perekonomian mustahik di LAZISNU Kabupaten Sumenep. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah penelitian lapangan (field research). Pendekataan penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan teknik analisis data menggunakan metode deduktif yang menganalisis data bersifat umum untuk ditarik kesimpulan yang bersifat khusus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam pengelolaan dana zakat produktif belum maksimal terdapat kendala pada penentuan mustahik yang tidak tepat. Selain itu kurangnya pembinaan yang dilakukan amil kepada mustahik sehingga tidak sedikit dari mustahik yang menyalagunakan dana zakat produktif tersebut. Dampak produktifitas zakat kepada mustahik berupa positif dan negatif hal itu disebabkan konsistensi dari mustahik dalam mengembangkan dana zakat produktif sesuai atau tidak dengan kesepakatan awal. Dalam hal ini peneliti menyarankan kedepannya harus ada penambahan pada aspek organizing, planning dan controlling. Kemudian pada penentuan mustahik harus dilakukan sesuai dengan target yang tepat dan memang benar- benar mustahik yang membutuhkan.
Exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid Improves Chilling Tolerance in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Seedlings
Authors: Zheng Wengyin , Wu Lingling , Sun Mengyuan , Li Juan , Ma Jinxu , Li Yong , Hu Jian , Qian Xingzhi , Wang Meiqi , Wu Xinjie , Zhang Fugui , Zhou Kejin , Yu Yan , zhu zonghe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rapeseed is an important oil crop in China. Low winter temperatures (LT) often limit plant growth and cause seed yield losses in rapeseed. Although exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has been shown to enhance plant tolerance to various abiotic stressors, its physiological mechanisms for improving cold tolerance in rapeseed are not yet fully understood. In this study we investigated the physiological responses to exogenous ALA using the chilling-tolerant cultivar Zayou15 (ZY15) and the chilling-sensitive cultivar Huiyou 49 (HY49) under low-temperature stress. The results showed that low-[A1] temperature stress caused a considerable decrease the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as in the contents of endogenous hormones GA, IAA, and CTK. These resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, with both the content of H2O2 and O2- showing considerable increases, as well as in membrane lipid peroxidation with considerable increases in both malondialdehyde content (MDA) and relative electrical conductivity (REC). Moreover, the contents of chlorophyll（Chl）b, Chl a/Chl b, transpiration rate (Tr), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were considerably decreased by low-temperature stress, resulting in remarkable growth inhibition (with the aboveground fresh weight significantly decreased). Although, 20 mgL-1 exogenous ALA significantly reduced O2-, H2O2, and MDA content, and REC in both cultivars; it did not increase POD, SOD, CAT, or ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) under short-term low-temperature stress (12–48 h). However, ALA substantially increased the activities of GA, Pn, Tr, Gs and Ci, resulting in a considerable increase in aboveground fresh weight. Post-treatment spraying of rapeseed plants with 5 mL of 20 mg·L-1 ALA was more effective than pre-treatment spraying. Both cultivars sprayed with ALA post-treatment showed greater reduction in MDA content. The optimum ALA dosage and concentration were 5 mL and 20 mg·L-1, respectively, leading to considerable decrease in MDA, and REC content and increase in Chl content in leaves. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that exogenous application of ALA is an appropriate strategy for rapeseed to resist winter low-temperature stress.
The influence of afforestation on soil bacterial community composition in karst rocky desertification areas of Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Lan Jiacheng , Wang Shasha , Long Qixia , Wang Junxian , Qi Xue , Huang Mingzhi , Liu Lei , Yue Kunqian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose Soil microorganisms are important indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of vegetation restoration in karst rocky desertification areas. The mechanism by which afforestation affects the soil microbial community through the soil properties remains unclear, especially in karst areas. This study aimed to explore the effect of afforestation on soil properties and bacterial community diversity and composition, and identify soil environmental factors that drive bacterial variation under different land use types. Materials and methods Here, we investigated the changes in soil properties and assessed soil bacterial community composition and diversity after afforestation in a karst rocky desertification area in Guizhou Province, Southwest China via high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Soil samples at the 0–10 cm layer from two afforestation types, namely, managed forest (MF) and natural forest (NF), and referenced cropland (CL) were collected. Results and discussion Results show that afforestation shifted the soil bacterial community composition but had a non-significant effect on alpha diversity. The dominant phyla were Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi in all land use sites. The relative abundance of Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota increased dramatically, whereas that of Proteobacteria decreased remarkably after afforestation. The enriched bacteria in CL are Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadota, and Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi was enriched in MF, and Rhizobiales, Latescibacterota, and Methylomirabilota were enriched in NF. Correlation network analysis of bacterial communities identifies Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria Chloroflexi, and Methylomirabilota are key species in the bacterial network. Redundancy analysis showed that soil pH, Ca2+ content, total nitrogen content (TN), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil water content (SW), bulk density (BD), soil silt content, and clay content jointly affected the bacterial community structure, and Ca2+ content had the maximum influence. Conclusions Therefore, afforestation can alter soil bacterial community composition through its effects on soil properties in karst areas. Ca2+ content had the strongest influence on soil bacterial community structure.