bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapamycin Protects Mouse Skin from Ultraviolet B-Induced Photodamage by Modulating Hspb2-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis
Authors: Li Ang , Chen Ai-Jun , Xu Jing , Wen Zhu-Yuan , Bai Gen-Long , Wang Zi-Yue , Jiang Yu-Xin , Wang Ping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Continuous exposure to UVB is the main extrinsic cause of skin photodamage, which is associated with oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis and degradation of collagen. Rapamycin, a mechanistic target inhibitor of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), has been shown to play a crucial role anti-tumor and aging retardation, but its mechanism of action in UVB-induced photodamage still remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of rapamycin and Hspb2(also known as Hsp27)in UVB-induced photodamage in mice. Histological results showed that knockout of the hspb2 exacerbated the skin damage, as evidenced by thickening of the epidermis, breakage and disruption of collagen fibers and reduction in their number, which is reversed by rapamycin treatment. In addition, hspb2 knockout promoted UVB-induced apoptosis and reduced autophagy levels, with a significant increase in p53 levels and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, a reduction in LC3II/I ratio and an increase in p62 levels in the KO mice compared to those in WT mice after the same dose of UVB irradiation. Rapamycin was also found to inhibit collagen degradation induced by hspb2 knockdown through activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. There is some evidence that rapamycin may alleviate UVB-induced photodamage.
Thalamocortical dysconnectivity in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Mao Cuiping , Yang Huajuan , Dong Ting , Wang Sisi , Shi Zhibin , Guo Ruibing , Zhou Xiaoqian , Zhang Bo , Zhang Qiujuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have suggested abnormal morphology and function of the thalamus and cortex in KOA. However, it is not known whether the thalamocortical network is differentially affected in this disorder. In this study, we examined functional and effective connectivity between thalamus and the major divisions of the cortex in 27 healthy controls and 27 KOA participants using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We also explored the topological features of the whole brain based on graph theory analysis. The results suggested that patients with KOA had significantly reduced resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the thalamo-sensorimotor pathway, enhanced rsFC of the thalamo-medial/lateral frontal cortex (mFC/LFC), parietal, lateral temporal and occipital pathways, decreased effective connectivity of the left sensorimotor-to-thalamus pathway and enhanced effective connectivity of the right thalamus-to-sensorimotor pathway as compared with of healthy controls. The functional connectivity of the thalamo-sensorimotor and thalamo-mFC pathways was enhanced when performing multi-source interference task. Moreover, patients with KOA showed changed nodal properties associated with thalamo-cortical circuits including the medial and dorsal superior/middle frontal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, left thalamus, etc. as compared with healthy controls. Correlation analysis suggested significant negative correlation between thalamo-mFC’s rsFC and pain intensity, between thalamo-sensorimotor task-related connectivity and disease duration/depression scores, as well as positive correlation between right frontal nodal properties and pain intensity in KOA. Taken together, these findings establish abnormal and differential alterations of the thalamocortical network associated with pain characteristics in KOA, which extends our understanding of its’ role in the pathophysiology of KOA.
Infiltration of B cell may underlie the contrary sex- and age-related biological behavior of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Yan Caigu , Sun Jinjin , He Xianghui , Liu Yuanchao , Jia Lanning 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose Sex and age play complex and contrary roles in the pathogenesis, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon.Method The risk factors for LNM were explored by combining local data and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of PTC. The gene expression information of 497 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas Thyroid Cancer (TCGA-THCA) was used to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among different phenotypes. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to explore the aimed gene expression in specific cell types. The flow cytometry was used to explore peripheral lymphocyte subsets in PTC.Results The clinical data showed that the younger age and the male sex were the risk factors for LNM (P < 0.05). In the bulk gene analysis, the age- and sex-related DEGs in contrary trends between different tissues and LNM state were two intersection genes:TCL1A and CR2. The analysis of scRNA-seq from the GEO database showed that the genes TCL1A and CR2 were mainly expressed in B cells, and the infiltration of B cells varied among different tissues. The peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets showed that the composition of circulating lymphocytes was different in different lymph node metastasis states and age levels.Conclusion The infiltration of TCL1A and CR2 related B cells for different ages and sexes might explain the contradictory biological behavior, including tumor pathogenesis, LNM, and prognosis of PTC.
FCGRT, a cancer-derived immunoglobulin G binding protein, mediates the malignant phenotype of glioma
Authors: Wang Guohui , Wang Zheng , Ma Tuo , Pan Jie , Ge Hongyao , Yan Tianfang , Jiang Wei , li Wenbin , Yang Gaoshan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
CIgG (cancer-derived immunoglobulin G) has received increasing attention, and was first discovered by our group to indicate poor prognosis in glioma. Furthermore, by protein mass spectrometry, we found that Fc gamma receptor and transporter (FCGRT) can combine with CIgG. However, the study of FCGRT in glioma has not been reported. We used the CGGA325 dataset to verify the importance of FCGRT on the prognosis of glioma patients. We found that patients with higher FCGRT expression had a shorter overall survival; survival stratification analysis also showed that the effect of FCGRT on survival was unaffected by the clinical characteristics of patients. Immunohistochemistry results also confirmed that FCGRT expression was closely related to the prognosis of gliomas. Taken together, this suggests that FCGRT could be an independent prognostic marker for glioma patients. Similar conclusions were obtained from TCGA as a validation cohort. Single cell sequencing data analysis showed that FCGRT was mainly enriched in monocytes and macrophages, suggesting that FCGRT could play a role in the microenvironment of glioma. Estimate, ssGSEA, EPIC and xCell were used for immune infiltration analysis. These results showed that FCGRT was closely related to the tumor microenvironment, especially to macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (r = 0.743, p < 0.001). We then used immune related genes to perform KNM clustering on the CGGA325 dataset, which were divided into cluster1 and cluster2. These two types of patients had significant differences in prognosis. Interestingly we also found that FCGRT was significantly increased in cluster1 with poor prognosis, and was positively correlated with IGHG1. Therefore, we believe that FCGRT is an independent prognostic factor for glioma patients.
Disulfiram/Copper induces Bak-mediated caspase-independent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells
Authors: Sun Beini , Wang Yu , Tu Zhuang , Chen Hongce , Wang Xiaoping , Chen Tongsheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF) and copper (Cu2+) in combination exhibit powerful anti-cancer effects on a variety of cancer cell lines.Here, we report the capacity of DSF/Cu2+ to induce both reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. DSF/Cu2+ facilitated the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induced ROS-dependent apoptosis accompanied by chromatin condensation and phosphatidylserine externalization. Most importantly, DSF/Cu2+ caused caspase-independent apoptosis by promoting the translocation of AIF from the mitochondria to the nucleus. Besides, the cytotoxicity of DSF/Cu2+ was inhibited in AIF knockout cells, suggesting the indispensability of AIF. The pro-apoptotic protein Bak instead of Bax was upregulated and activated upon DSF/Cu2+ treatment, and Bak knockout cells exhibited high resistance to DSF/Cu2+, indicating the importance of Bak in DSF/Cu2+-induced apoptosis. Additionally, both co-immunoprecipitation and live-cell quantitative fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis revealed that DSF/Cu2+ unlocked the binding of Mcl-1 to Bak, and subsequent Bak homo-oligomerization. Overall, our data demonstrate for the first time that DSF/Cu2+ triggers Bak oligomerization and AIF nucleus translocation to mediate caspase-independent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.
Impact of astaxanthin-enriched bacterium (Paracoccus carotinifaciens) on growth, immune response, and reproduction performance of broodstock Nile tilapia during winter season
Authors: Panase Paiboon , Vongkampang Thitiwut , Wangkahart Eakapol , Sutthi Nantaporn 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The growth, immune response, and reproductive performance of broodstock of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under winter stress conditions were investigated the effects of supplementary diets with astaxanthin-enriched bacterium, Paracoccus carotinifaciens. Throughout an eight-week period in the winter season, male and female tilapia were fed with diets containing different levels of P. carotinifaciens dietary supplementation: 0 g/kg (T1; control), 5 g/kg (T2), 10 g/kg (T3), and 20 g/kg (T4). Subsequently, a four-week mating system was implemented during the winter stress period. The results revealed that there were no significant differences observed in growth, hematological indices, and blood chemical profiles among all treatment groups for both male and female tilapia. However, a significant increase in cholesterol content was noted in both male and female tilapia fed with the T4 diet (p<0.05). The total carotenoid content in the muscle was evaluated, and significantly higher values were found in both male and female tilapia that fed T4 supplementation (p<0.05). Moreover, immunological parameters such as myeloperoxidase and antioxidant parameters in the liver including superoxide dismutase activity and catalase enzyme activity showed significant increases in tilapia fed with the T4 diet. The impact of P. carotinifacienssupplementation on broodstock tilapia indicated a significant increase in spermatozoa concentration in males and increased egg production in females after consumption of the T4 diet (p<0.05). Thus, this study highlighted that the presence of astaxanthin-enriched bacterium P. carotinifaciensin the diet of broodstock Nile tilapia can lead to the accumulation of carotenoids in their muscle tissue, improvement in antioxidant status, enhancement of immune function, and potential enhancement of reproductive capabilities, even under overwintering conditions.
X ray-induced insulinoma cell line Rin-5F has a novel mutation site, c.A1459G (p.T487A), in death domain associated protein (DAXX) gene
Authors: Kiba Takayoshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the present study, c. A1459G (p.T487A) in Exon 5 in the DAXX gene was detected in Rin-5F cell lines, one of the X-ray-induced insulinomas. An NCBI homology search reveals that the 487 amino acid site in the rat is the 497 amino acid of the human, based on the genomic cDNA homology between rat and human. In humans, the COSMIC (the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer) suggested that in human all cancers, the mutation of 497 amino acids mutation was not detected, but in human stomach and colon cancers, the mutation of 496 amino acids was detected. Therefore, there is a possibility that this mutation site may be related to the radiation effects, because it was not detected in human pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Population structure dynamics of Taiwan rice accessions over thousands of years as revealed by archaeological, morphological and genome sequencing information
Authors: Wu Cheng-chieh , Liu Chun-Kai , Tsai Yuan-Ching , Wei Fu-Jin , Huang Lin-Tzu , Tsang Yi-tzu , Hsu Tze-Fu , Wang Ying-Hao , Dai Nai-Chiang , Lo Jeng-Chung , Shung Dah-Pyng , Wu Chih-Wen , Tsang Chen‑Hwa , Li Kuang‑Ti , Chu Whei-Lee , Lai Ming-Hsin , Wu Dong-Hong , Chen Shu , Wu Yong-Pei , Chang Su-Jein , Ho Tuan-Hua , Yu Su-May , Sagart Laurent , Hsing Yue-ie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Cultivation of rice (Oryza sativa) started in Taiwan about 5000 years ago. Here we studied changes in the rice population during this period by using archaeological, morphological, genetic and genomic strategies. We studied the grain size changes of carbonized rice from excavated sites. We also revealed the variations in landraces collected from the indigenous villages and landraces that arrived in Taiwan from southern China about 400 years ago. Some modern varieties were also used in the current study.
Results
The very early cultivated rice must have been temperate japonica type, and the seeds were relatively small. Rice seeds became relatively bigger around 1500 BP, with some indica or tropical japonica ones. Most, if not all, of the indica rice were not primitive types, suggesting they arrived in Taiwan rather late. Together, temperate, subtropical, tropical japonica and indica rice have been cultivated by indigenous people for a long period, with all in upland practice. However, only indica landraces were cultivated in the plain region from the early 17th century to about 100 years ago, when japonica rice accessions become dominant. We illustrated huge differences in genetic diversity among the subpopulations of Taiwan rice accessions, and many of these lines showed stress resistance to drought, flooding and ABA treatments.
Conclusion
We show how civilization, human migration, taste preference, natural introgression and breeding programs have shaped the population structure of Taiwan rice accessions over thousands of years. We also indicate that Taiwanese indigenous peoples and traditional farmers have kept the rice landraces for hundreds and up to thousands of years. With many old traits preserved, they are good resources for future breeding programs.
An exploratory prospective phase II study of preoperative neoadjuvant bevacizumab and temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma
Authors: Tanaka Toshihide , Tamura Ryota , Takei Jun , Morimoto Yukina , Teshigawara Akihiko , Yamamoto Yohei , Imai Ryotaro , Kuranai Yuki , Tohmoto Kyoichi , Hasegawa Yuzuru , Akasaki Yasuharu , Murayama Yuichi , Miyake Keisuke , Sasaki Hikaru 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This multi-institutional phase I/II study was conducted to confirm the safety and explore the clinical utility of preoperative Bev for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GB).
Methods: Patients were enrolled based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings typically suggestive of GB. Preoperative Bev and temozolomide (TMZ) were administered at doses of 10 mg/kg on day 0 and 150 mg/m2 on days 1–5, respectively. Surgical resection was performed between days 21 and 30, inclusive. The safety and efficacy were evaluated in a total of 15 cases by progression-free survival (PFS), changes in tumor volume, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores after preoperative therapy.
Results: Tumor resection was performed on a mean of day 23.7. Pathological diagnosis was GB, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype in 14 cases and GB, IDH-mutant in 1 case. Severe adverse events possibly related to preoperative Bev and TMZ were observed in 2 of the 15 patients, as wound infection and postoperative hematoma and thrombocytopenia. KPS and MMSE scores were significantly improved with preoperative therapy. Tumor volume was decreased in all but one case on T1-weighted imaging with contrast-enhancement (T1CE) and in all cases on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, with mean volume decrease rates of 36.2% and 54.0%, respectively. Median PFS and overall survival were 9.5 months and 16.5 months, respectively.
Conclusion: Preoperative Bev and TMZ is safe as long as the instructions are followed. The strategy might be useful for GB in some patients, not only reducing tumor burden, but also improving patient KPS preoperatively.
Registration Number: UMIN000025579, jRCT1031180233
Risk of Exposure to Aflatoxin M1 through Consumption of Cow’s Milk among Children in Magadu Morogoro
Authors: Mamiro Anna Peter , Martin Haikael D. , Kassim Neema 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aflatoxins M1 contamination of milk affect the general population, and with particular attention to children who frequently consume milk as part of complementary food. This study determined AFM1 contamination of cow’s milk and estimated the risk of exposure to these toxins through consumption of cow’s milk among children (6 to 36 month) in Magadu ward of Morogoro region in Tanzania.
A total of 165 mother-baby pairs were recruited and interviewed on child feeding practices with focus to feeding of cow’s milk in the past 24-hours. Alongside interview, 100 raw cows’ milk samples were collected from subsampled respondent households and were analyzed for AFM1 using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
The results showed that, about 35% of the surveyed children consumed cows’ milk in form of plain milk, incorporated in porridge and/or tea. Amount consumed varied from 62.5-500 ml with median of 125 (125, 250) ml at a frequency of 1 to 2 times a day. All raw cows’ milk (100%) samples (n=100) were found contaminated with AFM1 at concentration ranging from 0.052 to 9.310 µg/L, median 2.076 µg/L (1.27, 2.48). All samples were contaminated by AFM1 at levels above the limits of 0.05 µg/L of raw milk set by Tanzania Bureau of Standard and the European Union, while 97% exceeded 0.5 µg/L set by the US Food and Drug Authority. Exposure to AFM1 due to consumption of cow’s milk ranged from 0.0024- 0.077 µg/kg bw per day with a median of 0.019 (0.0016, 0.026) µg/kg bw per day, while the Margin of Exposure (MOE) ranged from 5.19- 166.76, median 20.68 (15.33, 25.40) implying high risk of public health concern. This study recommends that, advocacy for consumption of cows’ milk to combat undernutrition in children should consider a holistic approach that takes into account the safety aspect of the milk.
Optimizing white shrimp aquaculture: Feeding frequency and automatic feeders impact on growth and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Liang Qinlang , Liu Gang , Ye Zhangying , Zhao Jian , Ma Xiaona , Liu Ying , Liu Xiongguo , Zhu Songming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The feeding regime is a critical aspect of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture, but research on intensive shrimp culture using automatic feeders is scarce. Our study investigated different feeding strategies for adult white shrimp in intensive aquaculture tanks, evaluating growth, survivability, feed utilization, shrimp digestive and antioxidant capacity, and conducting an economic analysis. Shrimp (8.0 ± 0.5 g) were cultured for 35 days with feeding frequencies of 6, 8, 10, and 12 times/day (A6, A8, A10, and A12 groups, respectively) using automatic feeders, and one group was fed manually 6 times/day (M6). The results show that the automatic feeding groups had a higher final body weight and specific growth rate, and a lower feed conversion ratio compared to the manual group. Among the automatic feeding groups, A6 and A8 exhibited the best performance, with a quadratic regression suggesting 7.83 times/day as an optimal feeding frequency. Digestive enzyme activity (TP and α-AMS) was significantly higher in the A6 and A8 groups (p < 0.05). However, the A6 and A8 groups showed significantly higher levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx) and lower levels of lipid oxidant enzyme (MDA), indicating better digestive and antioxidant abilities in shrimp with higher growth rates. Moreover, the antioxidant genes expression of MnSOD and GPx testified the enzyme changing. Pearson's correlation confirmed the positive correlation between SOD and GPx. Economically, the A8 group showed the highest profitability among all groups. Overall, the study recommends a feeding frequency of 6–8 times/day using automatic feeders as a suitable and feasible approach for white shrimp culture in intensive settings.
Role of multi-parameter-based cardiac magnetic resonance in the evaluation of patients with coronary heart disease combined with heart failure
Authors: Yu Ying , Liao Bihong , Zhang Jingjing , Zou Jin , Deng Jia , Liu Jiaqi , Wang Gang , Li Yueyan , Qian Fengcui , Huang Hong , Wang Qiuyu , Tian Jinwei , Tang Huifang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common types of cardiovascular disease, and heart failure (HF) is an important factor in its progression. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is essential for the assessment of myocardial motion morphology and functional changes.
Methods: The study retrospectively included 145 CHD patients who were classified into CHD (HF+) (n = 91) and CHD (HF–) (n = 54) groups according to whether HF occurred. LV function, myocardial strain and T1 mapping were assessed by CMR. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of LV dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, and LV remodeling.
Results: CHD (HF+) group had impaired global strain, with increased native T1, ECV, and LVM index. In CHD (HF+) group, impaired strain was associated with LVM index (all p < 0.05) after adjusting for clinical variables, where native T1 and ECV were affected by log-transformed amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels. ROC analysis showed the combination of global circumferential strain (GCS), native T1, and LVM had a higher diagnostic value (AUC = 0.922) than LVEF (AUC = 0.917) and NT-proBNP (AUC = 0.896) for the occurrence of HF in CHD patients.
Conclusion: HF has deleterious effects on LV systolic function in patients with CHD. In CHD (HF+) group, LV dysfunction is strongly correlated with the degree of LV remodeling and myocardial fibrosis. The combination of the three is more valuable in diagnosing HF than conventional indicators.