bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mothers of disabled infants had higher cortisol levels in a free‐ranging group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)
Authors: Turner Sarah E. , Fedigan Linda M. , Joyce Megan M. , Matthews H. Damon , Moriarity Robert J. , Nobuhara Hisami , Nobuhara Toshikazu , Stewart Brogan M. , Shimizu Keiko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) are hormones released in response to stressors and can provide insight into an organism's physiological well‐being. Experiencing chronic challenges to homeostasis is associated with significant deviations from baseline fecal GCs (fGCs) in many species, providing a noninvasive biomarker for assessing stress. In the group of free‐ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) at the Awajishima Monkey Center in Japan, ~17% have congenital limb malformations. We collected 646 fecal samples from 27 females over three consecutive birth seasons (May–August) and analyzed them using enzyme immunoassay to extract fGCs. We explored the relationship between fGC levels and individual (physical impairment and reproductive status), social (dominance rank and availability of kin for social support), and ecological variables (exposure to potential predators, rainfall, and wild fruit availability). A disabled infant was associated significantly with higher fGC in the mother; however, physical impairment in adult females was not significantly related to fGC levels. Females with higher dominance rank had significantly lower fGC levels than lower ranking females. Other factors did not relate significantly to fGC. These results suggest that providing care that meets the support needs of disabled infants poses a physiological challenge for mothers and suggests that physically impaired adults are able to effectively compensate for their disabilities with behavioral plasticity. Once an individual with congenital limb malformations survives infancy through their mother's care, physical impairment does not appear to influence fGC values, while social variables like dominance rank significantly influenced cortisol values in free‐ranging female Japanese macaques.
Exploring effects of atmospheric conditions in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Yusuf Hamzah M. , Rasheed Amna , Hetts Steven , Kim Helen , Loftus Patricia , Conrad Miles 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent epistaxis, telangiectasias, and visceral arteriovenous malformations. Individuals with HHT often identify low humidity and temperature as detrimental to epistaxis severity. We set out to assess the relationship between humidity and temperature on epistaxis severity in patients with HHT.MethodsRetrospective cross‐sectional study at an academic hospital with an HHT center between July 1, 2014 and January 1, 2022. The primary outcome of this study was ESS. Pearson correlation analyses and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to test the association between weather variables and epistaxis severity scre (ESS). Results were reported as coefficient and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsFour hundred twenty‐nine patients were included in the analysis. Through a Pearson correlation analysis, neither humidity (regression coefficient = −0.01; 95% CI, −0.006 to 0.003; p = 0.50), daily low temperature (regression coefficient = 0.01; 95% CI, −0.011 to 0.016; p = 0.72), or daily high temperature (regression coefficient = 0.01; 95% CI, −0.004 to 0.013; p = 0.32) were significantly correlated with ESS. In a multiple linear regression analysis, adjusting for both daily low temperature and humidity, medications taken, demographics, and genotype, neither daily low temperature (regression coefficient = −0.02; 95% CI, −0.04 to 0.01; p = 0.14) nor humidity (regression coefficient = 0.01; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.01; p = 0.64) were significantly associated with ESS.ConclusionWe have shown in a large clinical sample that neither humidity nor temperature were strongly correlated with HHT patient epistaxis severity.
A review of artificial intelligence applications in manufacturing operations
Authors: Plathottam Siby Jose , Rzonca Arin , Lakhnori Rishi , Iloeje Chukwunwike O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) can improve manufacturing efficiency, productivity, and sustainability. However, using AI in manufacturing also presents several challenges, including issues with data acquisition and management, human resources, infrastructure, as well as security risks, trust, and implementation challenges. For example, getting the data needed to train AI models can be difficult for rare events or costly for large datasets that need labeling. AI models can also pose security risks when integrated into industrial control systems. In addition, some industry players may be hesitant to use AI due to a lack of trust or understanding of how it works. Despite these challenges, AI has the potential to be extremely helpful in manufacturing, particularly in applications such as predictive maintenance, quality assurance, and process optimization. It is important to consider the specific needs and capabilities of each manufacturing scenario when deciding whether and how to use AI in manufacturing. This review identifies current developments, challenges, and future directions in AI/ML relevant to manufacturing, with the goal of improving understanding of AI/ML technologies available for solving manufacturing problems, providing decision‐support for prioritizing and selecting appropriate AI/ML technologies, and identifying areas where further research can yield transformational returns for the industry. Early experience suggests that AI/ML can have significant cost and efficiency benefits in manufacturing, especially when combined with the ability to capture enormous amounts of data from manufacturing systems.
Photocurrent Generation and Polarity Switching in Electrochemical Cells through Light‐induced Excited State Proton Transfer of Photoacids and Photobases**
Authors: Yucknovsky Anna , Shlosberg Yaniv , Adir Noam , Amdursky Nadav 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLight is a common source of energy in sustainable technologies for photocurrent generation. To date, in such light‐harvesting applications, the excited electrons generate the photocurrent. Here, we introduce a new mechanism for photocurrent generation that is based on excited state proton transfer (ESPT) of photoacids and photobases that can donate or accept a proton, respectively, but only after excitation. We show that the formed ions following ESPT can either serve as electron donors or acceptors with the electrodes, or modify the kinetics of mass transport across the diffuse layer, both resulting in photocurrent generation. We further show that control of the current polarity is obtained by switching the irradiation between the photoacid and the photobase. Our study represents a new approach in photoelectrochemistry by introducing ESPT processes, which can be further utilized in light‐responsive energy production or energy storage.
An Integrated Dual‐Functional Nanotool Capable of Studying Single‐Cell Epigenetics and Programmable Gene Regulation
Authors: Shi Xiao‐Mei , Xu Yi‐Tong , Wang Bing , Li Zheng , Yu Si‐Yuan , Dong Hang , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Jiang Dechen , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSingle‐cell epigenetics is envisioned to decipher manifold epigenetic phenomena and to contribute to our accurate knowledge about basic epigenetic mechanisms. Engineered nanopipette technology has gained momentum in single‐cell studies; however, solutions to epigenetic questions remain unachieved. This study addresses the challenge by exploring N6‐methyladenine (m6A)‐bearing deoxyribozyme (DNAzyme) confined within a nanopipette for profiling a representative m6A‐modifying enzyme, fat mass and obesity‐associated protein (FTO). Electroosmotic intracellular extraction of FTO could remove the m6A and cause DNAzyme cleavage, leading to the altered ionic current signal. Because the cleavage can release a DNA sequence, we simultaneously program it as an antisense strand against FTO‐mRNA, intracellular injection of which has been shown to induce early stage apoptosis. This nanotool thus features the dual functions of studying single‐cell epigenetics and programmable gene regulation.
Phosphine Oxide‐Functionalized Terthiophene Redox Systems
Authors: Käch Daniel , Gasser Aurelio C. , Wettstein Lionel , Schweinzer Clara , Bezdek Máté J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMain group systems capable of undergoing controlled redox events at extreme potentials are elusive yet highly desirable for a range of organic electronics applications including use as energy storage media. Herein we describe phosphine oxide‐functionalized terthiophenes that exhibit two reversible 1e− reductions at potentials below −2 V vs Fc/Fc+ (Fc=ferrocene) while retaining high degrees of stability. A phosphine oxide‐functionalized terthiophene radical anion was synthesized in which the redox‐responsive nature of the platform was established using combined structural, spectroscopic, and computational characterization. Straightforward structural modification led to the identification of a derivative that exhibits exceptional stability during bulk 2 e− galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling and enabled characterization of a 2 e− redox series. A new multi‐electron redox system class is hence disclosed that expands the electrochemical cell potential range achievable with main group electrolytes without compromising stability.
Unlocking Migratory Insertion in Gold Redox Catalysis
Authors: Wang Wenliang , Ding Meiling , Zhao Chuan‐Gang , Chen Shuai , Zhu Chengjian , Han Jie , Li Weipeng , Xie Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExploration of elementary reactions in organometallic catalysis is an important method with which to discover new reactions. In this article, we report a gold(I)‐catalyzed iodo‐alkynylation of benzyne involving the merging of challenging migratory insertion and an oxidative addition process in gold catalytic cycle. A wide range of structurally diverse alkynyl iodides are good coupling partners in this iodo‐alkynylation transformation. Both aliphatic and aromatic alkynyl iodides can react with benzynes smoothly to afford highly functionalized 1,2‐disubstituted aromatics in moderate to good yields. Its good functional group compatibility and late‐stage application of complex molecules demonstrate its synthetic robustness. Studies of the mechanism reveals the feasibility of oxidative addition and the DFT calculations demonstrate the possible migratory insertion of benzyne into AuIII‐carbon bonds in the AuI/AuIII redox catalytic cycle, representing an important step towards an elementary reaction in gold chemistry research.
Direct and Indirect Evolution of Photoluminescent Semiconductor CdS Magic‐Size Clusters through Their Precursor Compounds
Authors: Wang Dongqing , Liu Yuehui , Rowell Nelson , Wang Shanling , Zhang Chunchun , Zhang Meng , Luan Chaoran , Yu Kui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColloidal semiconductor II–VI metal chalcogenide (ME) magic‐size clusters (MSCs) exhibit either an optical absorption singlet or doublet. In the latter case, a sharp photoluminescence (PL) signal is observed. Whether the PL‐inactive MSCs transform to the PL‐active ones is unknown. We show that PL‐inactive CdS MSC‐322 transforms to PL‐active CdS MSC‐328 and MSC‐373 in the presence of acetic acid (HOAc). MSC‐322 displays a sharp absorption at ≈322 nm, whereas MSC‐328 and MSC‐373 both have broad absorptions respectively around 328 and 373 nm. In a reaction of cadmium myristate and S powder in 1‐octadecene, MSC‐322 develops; with HOAc, MSC‐328 and MSC‐373 are present. We propose that the MSCs evolve from their relatively transparent precursor compounds (PCs). The PC‐322 to PC‐328 quasi‐isomerization involves monomer substitution, while monomer addition occurs for the PC‐328 to PC‐373 transformation. Our findings suggest that S dominates the precursor self‐assembly quantitatively, and ligand‐bonded Cd mainly controls MSC optical properties.
Low‐silica Cu‐CHA Zeolite Enriched with Al Pairs Transcribed from Silicoaluminophosphate Seed: Synthesis and Ammonia Selective Catalytic Reduction Performance
Authors: Wang Yunzheng , Han Jinfeng , Chen Mengyang , Lv Wenting , Meng Pengtong , Gao Wei , Meng Xiangju , Fan Weibin , Xu Jun , Yan Wenfu , Yu Jihong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCu‐exchanged low‐silica CHA zeolites (Si/Al≤4) synthesized without organic templates are promising candidate catalysts for ammonia selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (NH3‐SCR), but their practical application is restricted due to the low hydrothermal stability. Here, inspired by the transcription from duplex DNA to RNA, we synthesized Al pairs enriched low‐silica CHA zeolite (CHA‐SPAEI, Si/Al=3.7) by using silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) featured by strict alternation of −Al−O−P(Si)−O−Al−O− tetrahedra as seed. The proportion of Al pairs in CHA−SPAEI is 78 %, which is much higher than that in the conventional low‐silica CHA (CHA‐LS, 52 %). After hydrothermal ageing at 800 °C for 6 h, Cu‐exchanged CHA‐SPAEI shows NO conversion above 90 % within 225–500 °C under a gas hourly space velocity of 200,000 h−1, which is much better than that of Cu‐exchanged CHA‐LS. The spatial close proximity of Al pairs in CHA‐SPAEI is confirmed by the 27Al double‐quantum single‐quantum two‐dimensional NMR analyses. The strict −P(Si)−O−Al−O−P(Si)−O‐ sequence in the fragments from the dissolution of SAPO seed promotes the Al pairs with the −Al−O−Si−O−Al−O− sequence via a transcription process. The utilization of aluminophosphate‐based zeolites as seeds opens up a new avenue for the regulation of the Al distribution in zeolites.
Impact of Electrode Architecture on Electrochemical Performance of Aqueous Processed, High‐Loaded Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes
Authors: Nagler Felix , Flegler Andreas , Giffin Guinevere A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study compares two electrode architectures, one with a porous carbon current collector (PC) and the other with a state‐of‐the‐art aluminum foil current collector (AF). The results show that the porous carbon outperforms the aluminum foil at high loadings (∼8 mAh/cm2) during cycling, likely due to better adhesion. The characterization methods used in the study include electrochemical cycling, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These methods provide insight into the performance of the two electrode architectures and allow for a comprehensive comparison between them. The findings of this study indicate that the use of porous carbon as a current collector can lead to improved performance in high‐loading electrode applications, making it a promising alternative to traditional aluminum foil current collectors.
Curcumin inhibits colon cancer malignant progression and promotes T cell killing by regulating miR‐206 expression
Authors: Tong Qin , Wu Zhangqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColon cancer is a great threat to human health. Curcumin, as a traditional Chinese medicine extract with anti‐tumor and anti‐inflammatory effects, can affect the development of diverse human diseases including cancer. The aim of this research was to probe the mechanism by which curcumin regulates colon cancer progression. Colon cancer cells were processed with graded concentrations of curcumin. The proliferation and apoptosis of the treated cells were determined by MTT, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. Expression of signaling pathway‐related proteins and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) was measured by western blotting. The effect of curcumin on tumor cell growth was verified through T cell‐mediated killing and ELISA assays. The relationship between target gene expression and the survival rate of colon cancer patients was analyzed by a survival curve. Curcumin treatment restrained proliferation and accelerated apoptosis of colon cancer cells. It elevated miR‐206 expression, which in turn affected colon cancer cell function. miR‐206 enhanced colon cancer cell apoptosis and inhibited PD‐L1 expression; thus, curcumin enhanced the killing effect of T cells on tumor cells by suppressing PD‐L1 through inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Patients with high expression of miR‐206 had better survival rates than those with low expression. Curcumin can regulate miR‐206 expression and inhibit the malignant behavior of colon cancer cells and enhance T cell killing through the JAK/STAT3 pathway.
Molecular and phenotypic characteristics influencing the degree of cytoreduction in high‐grade serous ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Torkildsen Cecilie Fredvik , Thomsen Liv Cecilie Vestrheim , Sande Ragnar Kvie , Krakstad Camilla , Stefansson Ingunn , Lamark Eva Karin , Knappskog Stian , Bjørge Line 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the deadliest ovarian cancer subtype, and survival relates to initial cytoreductive surgical treatment. The existing tools for surgical outcome prediction remain inadequate for anticipating the outcomes of the complex relationship between tumour biology, clinical phenotypes, co‐morbidity and surgical skills. In this genotype–phenotype association study, we combine phenotypic markers with targeted DNA sequencing to discover novel biomarkers to guide the surgical management of primary HGSOC.MethodsPrimary tumour tissue samples (n = 97) and matched blood from a phenotypically well‐characterised treatment‐naïve HGSOC patient cohort were analysed by targeted massive parallel DNA sequencing (next generation sequencing [NGS]) of a panel of 360 cancer‐related genes. Association analyses were performed on phenotypic traits related to complete cytoreductive surgery, while logistic regression analysis was applied for the predictive model.ResultsThe positive influence of complete cytoreductive surgery (R0) on overall survival was confirmed (p = 0.003). Before surgery, low volumes of ascitic fluid, lower CA125 levels, higher platelet counts and relatively lower clinical stage at diagnosis were all indicators, alone and combined, for complete cytoreduction (R0). Mutations in either the chromatin remodelling SWI_SNF (p = 0.036) pathway or the histone H3K4 methylation pathway (p = 0.034) correlated with R0. The R0 group also demonstrated higher tumour mutational burden levels (p = 0.028). A predictive model was developed by combining two phenotypes and the mutational status of five genes and one genetic pathway, enabling the prediction of surgical outcomes in 87.6% of the cases in this cohort.ConclusionInclusion of molecular biomarkers adds value to the pre‐operative stratification of HGSOC patients. A potential preoperative risk stratification model combining phenotypic traits and single‐gene mutational status is suggested, but the set‐up needs to be validated in larger cohorts.
Efficacy of fusion imaging for immediate post‐ablation assessment of malignant liver neoplasms: A systematic review
Authors: Rai Pragati , Ansari Mohammed Yusuf , Warfa Mohammed , Al‐Hamar Hammad , Abinahed Julien , Barah Ali , Dakua Sarada Prasad , Balakrishnan Shidin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous thermal ablation has become the preferred therapeutic treatment option for liver cancers that cannot be resected. Since ablative zone tissue changes over time, it becomes challenging to determine therapy effectiveness over an extended period. Thus, an immediate post‐procedural evaluation of the ablation zone is crucial, as it could influence the need for a second‐look treatment or follow‐up plan. Assessing treatment response immediately after ablation is essential to attain favorable outcomes. This study examines the efficacy of image fusion strategies immediately post‐ablation in liver neoplasms to determine therapeutic response.MethodologyA comprehensive systematic search using PRISMA methodology was conducted using EMBASE, MEDLINE (via PUBMED), and Cochrane Library Central Registry electronic databases to identify articles that assessed the immediate post‐ablation response in malignant hepatic tumors with fusion imaging (FI) systems. The data were retrieved on relevant clinical characteristics, including population demographics, pre‐intervention clinical history, lesion characteristics, and intervention type. For the outcome metrics, variables such as average fusion time, intervention metrics, technical success rate, ablative safety margin, supplementary ablation rate, technical efficacy rate, LTP rates, and reported complications were extracted.ResultsTwenty‐two studies were included for review after fulfilling the study eligibility criteria. FI's immediate technical success rate ranged from 81.3% to 100% in 17/22 studies. In 16/22 studies, the ablative safety margin was assessed immediately after ablation. Supplementary ablation was performed in 9 studies following immediate evaluation by FI. In 15/22 studies, the technical effectiveness rates during the first follow‐up varied from 89.3% to 100%.ConclusionBased on the studies included, we found that FI can accurately determine the immediate therapeutic response in liver cancer ablation image fusion and could be a feasible intraprocedural tool for determining short‐term post‐ablation outcomes in unresectable liver neoplasms. There are some technical challenges that limit the widespread adoption of FI techniques. Large‐scale randomized trials are warranted to improve on existing protocols. Future research should emphasize improving FI's technological capabilities and clinical applicability to a broader range of tumor types and ablation procedures.
HPV E6 promotes cell proliferation of cervical cancer cell by accelerating accumulation of RBM15 dependently of autophagy inhibition
Authors: Nie Gang , Tang Bo , Lv Mingfen , Li Danyang , Li Tian , Ou Rongying , Xu Yunsheng , Wen Juan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mechanism of m6A modification in HPV‐related cervical cancer remains unclear. This study explored the role of methyltransferase components in HPV‐related cervical cancer and the mechanism. The levels of methyltransferase components and autophagy, ubiquitylation of RBM15 protein and the co‐localization of lysosomal markers LAMP2A and RBM15 were measured. CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, clone formation experiment and immunofluorescence assay were conducted to measure cell proliferation. The mouse tumor model was developed to study the cell growth in vivo. The binding of RBM15 to c‐myc mRNA and m6A modifcation of c‐myc mRNA were analyzed. The expressions of METTL3, RBM15 and WTAP were higher in HPV‐positive cervical cancer cell lines than those in HPV‐negative cells, especially RBM15. HPV‐E6 knock‐down inhibited the expression of RBM15 protein and promoted its degradation, but couldn't change its mRNA level. Autophagy inhibitor and proteasome inhibitor could reverse those effects. HPV‐E6 siRNA could not enhance ubiquitylation modification of RBM15, but could enhance autophagy and the co‐localization of RBM15 and LAMP2A. RBM15 overexpression could enhance cell proliferation, block the inhibitory effects of HPV‐E6 siRNA on cell growth, and these effects could be reserved by cycloeucine. RBM15 could bind to c‐myc mRNA, resulting in an increase to m6A level and protein expression of c‐myc, which could be blocked by cycloeucine. HPV‐E6 can downregulate autophagy, inhibit the degradation of RBM15 protein, induce the accumulation of intracellular RBM15, and increase the m6A modification on c‐myc mRNA, resulting in an increase of c‐myc protein and a growth promotion for cervical cancer cells.