bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deux assemblées protestantes à Tianjin
Authors: Thireau Isabelle 
Published: August 2023

RésuméCet article part d’une enquête menée entre 2011 et 2017 sur de deux lieux de
culte protestants à Tianjin, ville située au sud-est de Pékin : un temple
officiel et un « point de rassemblement domestique ». Prenant appui sur
l’observation de 83 moments de culte ainsi que sur des échanges avec des
prédicateurs et des fidèles, cette étude s’inscrit dans un contexte d’essor du
religieux, celui notamment du protestantisme, et de multiplication des
rassemblements publics en dépit des contraintes rencontrées. L’analyse montre
comment, là où des références au passé ne peuvent être mobilisées pour éclairer
l’expérience présente, prédicateurs et auteurs de témoignages s’emparent de la
Bible et de ses « histoires vraies » pour pouvoir parler des événements et
situations rencontrées au quotidien et en proposer un sens moins brouillé. La
Bible offre en effet de nouveaux usages linguistiques qui permettent de
nouvelles formes d’interprétation, à distance des incertitudes mais aussi des
rigidités idéologiques du langage disponible dans la Chine du
xxie siècle. Elle propose des repères qui échappent à
l’emprise du doute et auxquels peut s’arrimer l’expression de toutes sortes
d’inquiétudes et d’incertitudes. La figure du « faux croyant » mais aussi celle
du mauvais concitoyen sont ainsi déplorées à la lumière d’un même mal : les
faux-semblants. La langue, première modalité de l’apparaître et dénoncée à ce
titre comme lieu privilégié de diverses dissimulations, surgit ici pour nommer
et contenir pareil soupçon, mais aussi pour proposer des interprétations et des
orientations moins incertaines.
Antibiotic Selection and Duration for Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Non-Hospitalized Older Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Langford Bradley J. , Daneman Nick , Diong Christina , Lee Samantha M. , Fridman Daniel J. , Johnstone Jennie , MacFadden Derek , Mponponsuo Kwadwo , Patel Samir N. , Schwartz Kevin L. , Brown Kevin A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
We sought to evaluate the impact of antibiotic selection and duration of therapy on treatment failure in older adults with catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI).

Methods:
We conducted a population-based cohort study comparing antibiotic treatment options and duration of therapy for non-hospitalized adults aged 66 and older with presumed CA-UTI (defined as an antibiotic prescription and an organism identified in urine culture in a patient with urinary catheterization documented within the prior 90 d). The primary outcome was treatment failure, a composite of repeat urinary antibiotic prescribing, positive blood culture with the same organism, all-cause hospitalization or mortality, within 60 days. We determined the risk of treatment failure accounting for age, sex, comorbidities, and healthcare exposure using log-binomial regression.

Results:
Of 4,436 CA-UTI patients, 2,709 (61.1%) experienced treatment failure. Compared to a reference of TMP-SMX (61.9% failure), of those treated with fluoroquinolones, 56.3% experienced failure (RR 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85–0.98) and 60.9% of patients treated with nitrofurantoin experienced failure (RR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.94–1.10). Compared to 5–7 days of therapy (treatment failure: 59.4%), 1–4 days was associated with 69.5% failure (RR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05–1.27), and 8–14 days was associated with a 62.0% failure (RR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.99–1.11).

Conclusions:
Although most treatment options for CA-UTI have a similar risk of treatment failure, fluoroquinolones, and treatment durations ≥ 5 days in duration appear to be associated with modestly improved clinical outcomes. From a duration of therapy perspective, this study provides reassurance that relatively short courses of 5–7 days may be reasonable for CA-UTI.
“Are Canadian Street Cops Outgunned?”: The Debate over Police Handguns in the 1990s
Authors: Brown R. Blake , Bartlett Rudy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article offers the first scholarly analysis of the shift from revolvers to semi-automatic handguns in Canada to contribute to our knowledge of police militarization. In the 1990s, most Canadian police handed in their venerable service revolvers and received modern semi-automatic pistols. Advocates of new weapons pointed to relatively rare but high-profile shootings of police to show the dangers of law enforcement work and the need to have better firearms. The gun industry encouraged the rearming of police through an aggressive marketing campaign emphasizing that modern police forces required more advanced weapons and the military lineage of their products. The transition to semi-automatic handguns sometimes proved controversial, as human rights advocates believed the new handguns could result in excessive use of force. Despite this concern, most police were rearmed by the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Genetic variation in Bambara ground nuts as revealed by agro-morphological and DArTseq markers and selection for improved yield performance
Authors: Chipeta Michael M. , Gimode Davis 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea(L.) Verdc) has been neglected in terms of variety selection and development which has resulted in farmers growing a mixture of landraces that are not genetically characterized and are low yielding. With the need to set up a breeding programme in Malawi, it was necessary to thoroughly understand the genetic diversity (GD) present in the available germplasm. The objectives of the study were to assess Bambara genotypes GD using agro-morphological traits and SNP markers, and to identify and select high yielding Bambara genotypes. Field trials were conducted for two seasons at Bunda College. Later, genotypes were genotyped using DartSeqLD SNP markers. All data were analysed using R Package. Significant genetic variations (P< 0.001) were observed for most traits including grain yield, which suggests that genetic variability exists in Bambara groundnuts which can be exploited in breeding programmes aimed at developing high performing varieties. Based on grain yield, the study identified 18 top performing genotypes across the evaluation seasons which will be tested under farmers’ fields’ conditions. DArTseqLD grouped the genotypes into three clusters. It was noted that majority of the genotypes from the same origin clustered together. High genetic distances were observed between genotypes from Southern African and West African regions and this has important implications in parental selection for the genetic improvement of Bambara. Our results provide valuable insights about the extent of genetic variability and how parental lines can be selected for improved genetic gain in Bambara groundnuts.
Characterization and classification of urban weed species in northeast China using terrestrial hyperspectral images
Authors: Wang Jinfeng , Chen Guoqing , Ju Jinyan , Lin Tenghui , Wang Ruidong , Wang Zhentao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWeeds contribute to biodiversity and a wide range of ecosystem functions. It is crucial to map different weed species and analyze their physiological activities. Remote sensing techniques for plant identification, especially hyperspectral imaging, are being developed using spectral response patterns to vegetation for detection and species identification. A library of hyperspectral images of 40 urban weed species in northeast China was established in this study. A terrestrial hyperspectral camera was used to acquire 435 hyperspectral images. The hyperspectral information for each weed species was extracted and analyzed. The spectral characteristics and vegetation indices of different weeds revealed the differences between weed species in the cities of northeast China and indirectly characterized the growth and physiological activity levels of different species, but could not effectively distinguish different species. Five methods—first derivative spectrum (FDS), second derivative spectrum (SDS), standard normal variate (SNV), moving averages (MA), and Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing—were used to pretreat the spectral curves to maximize the retention of spectral characteristics while removing the influence of noise. We investigated the application of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with terrestrial hyperspectral remote sensing to identify urban weeds in northeast China. A CNN classification model was established to distinguish weeds from the hyperspectral images and demonstrated a test accuracy of 95.32% to 98.15%. The accuracy of the original spectrum was 97.45%; SNV had the best accuracy (98.15%) and SG was the least accurate (95.32%). This provides a baseline for understanding the hyperspectral characteristics of urban weed species and monitoring their growth. It also contributes to the development of a hyperspectral imaging database with global applicability.
Cloud Properties of Cold Fronts Affecting Central Chile: Low and High Freezing Level Storms
Authors: Pozo Diana , Marín Julio C. , Gutiérrez Felipe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the cloud properties associated with cold fronts that affected central Chile during May–September 1998–2014 using observational and reanalysis data. Warmer, moister, and more unstable conditions in early winter favor the development of deeper mixed‐phased clouds in cold fronts, having larger rain and ice water contents. Late in the season, cooler, drier, and more stable conditions predominate, favoring the development of a larger percentage of shallower warm‐phased clouds. Years when cold fronts show large environmental humidity and high cloud tops were associated with stronger systems that produced the largest precipitation. The linear positive relationship between cloud tops and precipitable water reported in the Central and Eastern Pacific was also found in storms developing in the Eastern South Pacific. The intensity of cold fronts also determines their cloud development and observed rainfall. High freezing level (FL) cold fronts are more frequent in May and June, generally occur in very high humidity environments, are stronger, include more rain and ice water contents, and allow the development of the highest clouds compared to low FL storms, which are more frequent in August. The strength of low FL storms, instead of their available humidity seems to be the key factor controlling the rain they produce. On the other hand, the intensity of high FL storms seems not to be a decisive factor in controlling its rainfall. Finally, the presence of an atmospheric river seems not to guarantee the rainiest events among high and low FL cold fronts.
Stability Dependence of the Turbulent Dissipation Rate in the Convective Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Authors: Lv Yanmin , Muñoz‐Esparza Domingo , Chen Xunlai , Zhang Chunsheng , Luo Ming , Wang Rui , Zhou Bowen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTurbulent dissipation rate (ɛ) is a crucial parameter in turbulence theory, and an essential component of higher‐order planetary boundary layer schemes for numerical weather prediction and climate models. It is most often modeled diagnostically based on the dissipation scaling ɛ ∝ e3/2/L, where e and L are the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) and the size of the largest turbulent eddies, respectively. Utilizing three‐month‐long vertically‐extended observations accompanied by high resolution large‐eddy simulations, scaling‐based ɛ‐models are evaluated, focusing on their stability dependence under daytime convective conditions. The analysis uncovers biases in the parameterized ɛ profiles that cannot be corrected through tuning of model constants. The biases are attributed to the limited and even opposing stability dependence of the modeled dissipation length. Close examination reveals violation of the dissipation scaling by the inclusion of TKE associated with organized convection. A self‐similar dissipation length is obtained when only the isotropic component of TKE is considered.
Characterizing the Role of Non‐Linear Interactions in the Transition to Submesoscale Dynamics at a Dense Filament
Authors: Freilich Mara , Lenain Luc , Gille Sarah T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOcean dynamics at the submesoscale play a key role in mediating upper‐ocean energy dissipation and dispersion of tracers. Observations of ocean currents from synoptic mesoscale surveys at submesoscale resolution (250 m–100 km) from a novel airborne instrument (MASS DoppVis) reveal that the kinetic energy spectrum in the California Current System is nearly continuous from 100 km to sub‐kilometer scales, with a k−2 spectral slope. Although there is not a transition in the kinetic energy spectral slope, there is a transition in the dynamics to non‐linear ageostrophic interactions at scales of (1 km). Kinetic energy transfer across spatial scales is enabled by interactions between the rotational and divergent components of the flow field at the submesoscale. Kinetic energy flux is patchy and localized at submesoscale fronts. Kinetic energy is transferred both downscale and upscale from 1 km in the observations of a cold filament.
Cross‐Equatorial Surges Boost MJO's Southward Detour Over the Maritime Continent
Authors: Lubis Sandro W. , Hagos Samson , Chang Chuan‐Chieh , Balaguru Karthik , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe influence of the cross‐equatorial northerly surge (CES) on the eastward propagation of Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) during boreal winter is evaluated through the analysis of the column integrated moisture budget. Results show that the CES reinforces MJO's southward detour by increasing horizontal moisture convergence over the southern Maritime Continent (MC) region. Further analysis reveals that the zonal convergence by intraseasonal zonal wind anomalies acting upon background moisture is intensified in the presence of CES events, causing a stronger convective activity in the southern MC (SMC). The stronger moisture convergence in the SMC is associated with the CES‐induced intensification of low‐level northwesterly and westerly winds, which, in turn, strengthen zonal wind convergences and positive wind‐evaporation feedbacks onto the MJO convection. An improved process understanding of the link between the CES and MJO detours can help engender improvements in extreme weather forecasts and aid investigation biases in simulating MJO in climate models.
The Kuroshio Intrusion Into the South China Sea at Luzon Strait Can Be Remotely Influenced by the Downstream Intrusion Into the East China Sea
Authors: Zhao Yuhui , Liang X. San , Yang Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe intrusion of Kuroshio into the South China Sea through Luzon Strait has been of enormous interest in western boundary current studies. Here we show that this intrusion can be remotely influenced by the downstream intrusion of the Kuroshio northeast of Taiwan into the East China Sea, at a lead time of about 220 days. This remarkable finding is first revealed by a quantitative causality analysis which is rigorously established from first principles in physics; it is originally motivated by the observation of a wake southeast of Taiwan, whose influence on the loop current, also revealed by causality analysis, is traced downstream to the Kuroshio intrusion into the East China Sea. Further analysis suggests that the two important Kuroshio intrusions are connected via a coastal trapped wave mode with a period of 1.5 years propagating southward along the eastern Taiwan coast, as supported by both theoretical and numerical models. Upon approaching the Luzon Strait, its negative (positive) phase functions to intensify (reduce) the loop current. At a speed of 1.37 km day−1, the mode takes about 220 days for the disturbances northeast of Taiwan to travel along the coast to Luzon Strait, leading to the same time delay for the downstream‐upstream causal relation.
Modeling TEC Irregularities in the Arctic Ionosphere Using Empirical Orthogonal Function Method
Authors: Jin Yaqi , Miloch Wojciech J. , Kotova Daria , Jacobsen Knut Stanley , Stevanović Đorđe , Clausen Lasse B. N. , Ssessanga Nicholas , Da Dalt Federico 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe develop a climatological model for the Arctic ionosphere based on more than one solar cycle of data (2010–2021) of the rate of change of the total electron content index (ROTI) maps from the International GNSS Service (IGS). The IGS ROTI maps are daily averaged in magnetic latitude and local time coordinates. To develop a climatological model, the ROTI maps are decomposed into base functions and coefficients using the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method. The EOF method converges very quickly, and the first four EOFs reflect the majority (96%) of the total data variability. Furthermore, different EOF components can reflect different drivers of ionospheric irregularities. The first EOF reflects the averaged ROTI activity and the impact of the solar radiation and geomagnetic activity; the second EOF reflects the impact of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz and electric field; the third and fourth EOFs reflect the dawn‐dusk asymmetry around the auroral oval and polar cap, and they can be related to the IMF By. To build an empirical model, we fit the EOF coefficients using helio‐geophysical indices from four different categories (solar activity; geomagnetic indices; IMF; the solar wind coupling function). The final EOF model is dependent on seven selected indices (F10.7P, Kp, Dst, Bt, By, Bz, and EKL). The statistical data‐model comparisons show satisfactory results with a good correlation coefficient. However, the model cannot capture the significant expansion of the dayside ROTI activity during strong geomagnetic storms. Future effort is needed to provide corrections to the model during severe storms.
Establishment of a humanized mouse model of keloid diseases following the migration of patient immune cells to the lesion: Patient-derived keloid xenograft (PDKX) model
Authors: Lee A Ram , Lee Seon-Yeong , Choi Jeong Won , Um In Gyu , Na Hyun Sik , Lee Jung Ho , Cho Mi-La 
Published: August 2023

AbstractKeloid disorder is an abnormal fibroproliferative reaction that can occur on any area of skin, and it can impair the quality of life of affected individuals. To investigate the pathogenesis and develop a treatment strategy, a preclinical animal model of keloid disorder is needed. However, keloid disorder is unique to humans, and the development of an animal model of keloid disorder is highly problematic. We developed the patient-derived keloid xenograft (PDKX), which is a humanized mouse model, and compared it to the traditional mouse xenograft model (transplantation of only keloid lesions). To establish the PDKX model, peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ten keloid patients or five healthy control subjects were injected into NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull mice, and their keloid lesions were grafted onto the back after the engraftment of immune cells (transplantation of keloid lesions and KP PBMCs or HC PBMCs). Four weeks after surgery, the grafted keloid lesion was subjected to histologic evaluation. Compared to the traditional model, neotissue formed along the margin of the grafted skin, and lymphocyte infiltration and collagen synthesis were significantly elevated in the PDKX model. The neotissue sites resembled the margin areas of keloids in several respects. In detail, the levels of human Th17 cells, IL-17, HIF-1a, and chemokines were significantly elevated in the neotissue of the PDKX model. Furthermore, the weight of the keloid lesion was increased significantly in the PDKX model, which was due to the proinflammatory microenvironment of the keloid lesion. We confirmed that our patient-derived keloid xenograft (PDKX) model mimicked keloid disorder by recapitulating the in vivo microenvironment. This model will contribute to the investigation of cellular mechanisms and therapeutic treatments for keloid disorders.
AIVariant: a deep learning-based somatic variant detector for highly contaminated tumor samples
Authors: Jeon Hyeonseong , Ahn Junhak , Na Byunggook , Hong Soona , Sael Lee , Kim Sun , Yoon Sungroh , Baek Daehyun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The detection of somatic DNA variants in tumor samples with low tumor purity or sequencing depth remains a daunting challenge despite numerous attempts to address this problem. In this study, we constructed a substantially extended set of actual positive variants originating from a wide range of tumor purities and sequencing depths, as well as actual negative variants derived from sequencer-specific sequencing errors. A deep learning model named AIVariant, trained on this extended dataset, outperforms previously reported methods when tested under various tumor purities and sequencing depths, especially low tumor purity and sequencing depth.
Inhibiting the cytosolic function of CXXC5 accelerates diabetic wound healing by enhancing angiogenesis and skin repair
Authors: Kim Eunhwan , Seo Seol Hwa , Hwang Yumi , Ryu Yeong Chan , Kim Heejene , Lee Kyoung-Mi , Lee Jin Woo , Park Kwang Hwan , Choi Kang-Yell 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiabetic wound healing, including diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), is a serious complication of diabetes. Considering the complexity of DFU development, the identification of a factor that mediates multiple pathogeneses is important for treatment. In this study, we found that CXXC-type zinc finger protein 5 (CXXC5), a negative regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was overexpressed with suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its target genes involved in wound healing and angiogenesis in the wound tissues of DFU patients and diabetes-induced model mice. KY19334, a small molecule that activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by inhibiting the CXXC5-Dvl interaction, accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice. The enhancement of diabetic wound healing could be achieved by restoring the suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling and subsequently inducing its target genes. Moreover, KY19334 induced angiogenesis in hindlimb ischemia model mice. Overall, these findings revealed that restorative activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inhibiting the function of cytosolic CXXC5 could be a therapeutic approach for treating DFUs.
Activation of cell-free mtDNA-TLR9 signaling mediates chronic stress-induced social behavior deficits
Authors: Tripathi Ashutosh , Bartosh Alona , Whitehead Carl , Pillai Anilkumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInflammation and social behavior deficits are associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. Chronic stress, a major risk factor for depression and other mental health conditions is known to increase inflammatory responses and social behavior impairments. Disturbances in mitochondria function have been found in chronic stress conditions, however the mechanisms that link mitochondrial dysfunction to stress-induced social behavior deficits are not well understood. In this study, we found that chronic restraint stress (RS) induces significant increases in serum cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) levels in mice, and systemic Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) treatment attenuated RS-induced social behavioral deficits. Our findings revealed potential roles of mitophagy and Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) in mediating chronic stress-induced changes in cf-mtDNA levels and social behavior. Furthermore, we showed that inhibition of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) attenuates mtDNA-induced social behavior deficits. Together, these findings show that cf-mtDNA-TLR9 signaling is critical in mediating stress-induced social behavior deficits.