bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly accurate and robust protein sequence design with CarbonDesign
Authors: Zhang Haicang , Ren Milong , Yu Chungong , Bu Dongbo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Protein sequence design, the inverse problem of protein structure prediction, plays a crucial role in protein engineering. Although recent deep learning-based methods have shown promising advancements, achieving accurate and robust protein sequence design remains an ongoing challenge. Here, we present CarbonDesign, a new approach that draws inspiration from successful ingredients of AlphaFold for protein structure prediction and makes significant and novel developments tailored specifically for protein sequence design. At its core, CarbonDesign explores Inverseformer, a novel network architecture adapted from AlphaFold's Evoformer, to learn representations from backbone structures and an amortized Markov Random Fields model for sequence decoding. Moreover, we incorporate other essential AlphaFold concepts into CarbonDesign: an end-to-end network recycling technique to leverage evolutionary constraints in protein language models and a multi-task learning technique to generate side chain structures corresponding to the designed sequences. Through rigorous evaluations of independent testing data sets, including the CAMEO and recent CASP15 data sets, as well as the predicted structures from AlphaFold, we show that CarbonDesign outperforms other published methods, achieving high accuracy in sequence generation. Moreover, it exhibits superior performance on de novo backbone structures obtained from recent diffusion generative models such as RFdiffusion and FrameDiff, highlighting its potential for enhancing de novo protein design. Notably, CarbonDesign also supports zero-shot prediction of the functional effects of sequence variants, indicating its potential application in directed evolution-based design. In summary, our results illustrate CarbonDesign's accurate and robust performance in protein sequence design, making it a promising tool for applications in bioengineering.
Nurse navigation, symptom monitoring and exercise in vulnerable patients with lung cancer: Feasibility of the NAVIGATE intervention
Authors: Langballe Rikke , Svendsen Lukas Pejinovic , Jakobsen Erik , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg , Karlsen Randi Valbjørn , Iachina Maria , Freund Karen M , Leclair Amy , Jørgensen Lars Bo , Skou Søren T. , Ehlers Jeanette Haar , Torenholt Rikke , Svendsen Mads Nordahl , Bidstrup Pernille Envold 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We developed the Navigate intervention to improve survival among vulnerable lung cancer patients. In this intervention-only study, we examined feasibility in terms of recruitment, retention, attendance, adherence, and acceptability to specify adjustments to study procedures and intervention components prior to a randomized trial.
The Navigate intervention includes nurse navigation, patient-reported outcomes, and physical exercise. Patients >18 years old, diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer at any stage, with performance status <2 and vulnerable according to a screening instrument were included.
Seventeen (56%) out of 30 screened patients were considered vulnerable, 14 (82%) accepted participation, and 3 (21%) were excluded due to ineligibility, leaving 11 patients. Four patients (36%) died during follow-up and 3 (43%) were retained. All 11 patients participated in nurse sessions (mean 16, range 1–36) with 88% attendance and dialogue tools being applied in 68% of sessions. Ninety-one percent responded to PROs (mean 9, range 1-24) with 76% attendance and 100% adherence and 55% participated in exercise sessions with 58% attendance and 85% adherence. We identified important barriers primarily related to transportation, but overall acceptability was high.
The Navigate intervention was feasible with high participation, acceptability and satisfactory adherence. Retention and exercise attendance were low, which resulted in adjustments.
Depressive and Mania Mood State Detection through Voice as a Biomarker Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ji Jun , Dong Wentian , Li Jiaqi , Peng Jingzhu , Shi Chuan , Ma Yantao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Both depressive and mania mood state have high prevalence and are important causes of social burden worldwide, however, there is still no objective indicator for detection. This study aimed to examine if voice could be used as a biomarker to detect these symptoms in China.
Methods
1,287 voice messages from 81 subjects were classified into three groups: the depression mood state group (406 voice messages from n = 31), the mania mood state group (192 voice messages from n = 14), and the remission group (689 voice messages from n = 36), based on the scores of the MDQ, QIDS and YMRS. 34 features were extracted from voice records which is collected in real-world emotional diary. A three-group comparison was performed through analysis of Kruskal-Wallis H Test. Three feature extraction methods were adopted and four machine learning methods were performed.
Results
33 voice indicators showed differences among the three groups(p < 0.05). Among the machine learning methods, the best performance was obtained using the Gate Recurrent Unit with 79.6% sensitivity, 91.1% specificity and 82.5% sensitivity, 90.7% specificity for the detection of depressive and mania mood state respectively.
Conclusions
This study further revealed participants with depressive or manic mood state could be accurately distinguished through machine learning. Although this study is limited by a small sample size, it is the first study on voice as a biomarker in both depressive and mania mood state which suggests the possibility of detecting these mood states through voice.
Body Image Perception and Social Support as Predictors of Psychological Distress Among Third Trimester Pregnant Women in Nigeria
Authors: Olabisi *Oluwaseyi Isaiah , OGUNMODEDE Eunice , OJO Simeon , ILORI Oluwafemi , Esan Deborah T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Social support and body image perception during pregnancy can impact the psychological distress levels experienced by pregnant women. This study therefore assessed the influence of different components of social support and body image perception on psychological distress levels among pregnant women in their third trimester in Nigeria
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 246 pregnant women who were in the third trimester, attending selected health care facilities in Ogbomoso, a semi urban city in Oyo State. Body image perception, social support and psychological distress scales were used to collect the data. Data were analysed and summarized using descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation and binomial logistic regression) with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results
Pregnant women’s dissatisfaction with sexual attractiveness (r= 0.193, p=0.002), appearance related to behaviors (r= 0.324, p=0.000) and body changes (r=0.286, p=0.000) were positively correlated with psychological distress. Belonging social support (r = - 0.135, p=0.035) and tangible social support (r = - 0.225, p=0.000) were negatively correlated with psychological distress. Appraisal support (AOR 2.219, 95% CI 1.480 – 3.329, P=0.000) and married pregnant women (AOR 17.124 CI 3.454 – 84.884, P=0.001) predicted psychological distress.
Conclusion
Pregnant women who are concerned about appearance-related behavior, sexual attractions, body change and body dissatisfaction are more likely to experience some level of psychological distress. Tangible and belonging social support reduced the level of psychological distress among the pregnant women. However, Appraisal support increases psychological distress.
The impact of grief on post-traumatic stress reactions among perinatal loss women: A moderated mediation model of perinatal depression and anxiety, and social support
Authors: Zeng Jing , Guo Sheng-Bin , Zheng Qing-Xiang , Liu Xiu-Wu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Post-traumatic stress response reactions are prevalent mental phenomenon in perinatal loss women due to high grief, high perinatal depression and anxiety or low social support. Although post-traumatic stress reactions are known to have serious negative implications for perinatal loss women, families and society, the mechanism through which it functions is less clear.
Methods
This study was a multicentre cross-sectional survey conducted from December 2021 to October 2022, involving 346 perinatal loss women as participants. The Pearson’s correlation analysis, the PROCESS Macro Model 4 and Model 14 on SPSS (version 26) were used to analyse the available data.
Results
Perinatal grief positively predicted post-traumatic stress reactions among perinatal loss women. Perinatal depression and anxiety mediated the relationship between perinatal grief and post-traumatic stress reactions. Meanwhile, this process was moderated by social support.
Conclusions
The higher the level of grief among perinatal loss women, the more likely post-traumatic stress reactions. As a mediating mechanism with moderating, social support and perinatal depression and anxiety further explained how perinatal grief affected the post-traumatic stress reactions. In the higher social support, there was a weaker positive relationship between perinatal depression and anxiety, and post-traumatic stress reactions, compared to situations with lower social support. Nurses and midwives can help reduce the post-traumatic stress reactions among perinatal loss women by alleviating their perinatal depression and anxiety, and perinatal grief and by providing adequate medical and emotional support.
Evaluation of blood pressure variation in recovered COVID-19 patients at one-year follow-up: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Azami Pouria , Vafa Reza Golchin , Heydarzadeh Reza , sadeghi Mehrdad , Amiri Farhang , Azadian Alireza , Khademolhosseini Amin , Yousefi Mina , Montaseri mohammad , Hosseini Nazanin , Hosseini seyed ali , Kojuri Javad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has various sequelae, one of which might be hypertension. We aimed to evaluate COVID-19’s impact on blood pressure (BP) in non-hospitalized patients at one-year follow-up.
Method: A total of 7,950 consecutive COVID-19 patients regularly visiting our cardiology clinic were retrospectively screened. Patients' electronic medical records including demographics, comorbidities, vital signs, treatments, and outcomes, were reviewed by two physicians. Individuals with at least one BP measurement in the three months preceding COVID-19 and one measurement in 12 months or more following recovery were included. BP levels before and after COVID-19 were compared using the paired t-test.
Results: 5,355 confirmed COVID-19 patients (mean age 55.51 ± 15.38 years) were included. Hypertension (56.9%) and diabetes mellitus (34%) were the predominant comorbidities, and 44.3% had prior major adverse cardiovascular events. Both systolic (126.90 ± 20.91 vs. 139.99 ± 23.94 mmHg, P<0.001) and diastolic BP (80.54 ± 13.94 vs. 86.49 ± 14.40 mmHg, P<0.001) were significantly higher post-COVID-19 vs. pre-COVID-19. Notably, 456 (14%) hypertensive patients experienced exacerbated hypertension, while 408 (17%) patients developed new-onset hypertension, overall 864 (16%) of patients had exacerbation or new hypertension. Linear regression analysis revealed that advanced age, smoking, previous cardiovascular events, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus predict increased BP following COVID-19 (P <0.001).
Conclusion: COVID-19 raised systolic and diastolic BP in the long term in non-hospitalized patients, with over one-sixth developing new-onset or exacerbated hypertension. All patients should be evaluated regarding BP, following COVID-19 recovery, particularly those with the mentioned predictive factors. (clinicaltrial.gov: NCT05798208)
Maternal Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Preterm Birth: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gilani Imran , Niaz Aiman , Afridi Saira 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Preterm birth is a heterogeneous condition with multiple underlying causes, and periodontal diseases are one of them. There are approximately 900,000 preterm births reported in Pakistan each year, with a global prevalence of 11.1%. Oral infections such as periodontitis during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight and preterm births. However, different studies have reported contradictory findings. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the association of preterm birth with oral infection in pregnancy.
Methods
We conducted an observational cross-sectional study on 400 postpartum pregnant women in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Only women within the age bracket 18 to 40 years were recruited. Mothers who had less than 6 teeth and a history of systemic diseases were excluded. Data were collected by an interview-based structured questionnaire. The Severity and Extent index was used to assess the periodontal health of participants. Frequency tables were generated, and the chi-square test was used to determine associations between different categorical variables.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 25.8 ± 4.9 years. Approximately 87.5% of the women had generalized periodontitis. Approximately 68% of mothers had moderate severity of periodontitis. The extent index showed no notable difference between the preterm and full-term birth groups. In contrast, the severity index displayed a statistically significant difference between the preterm and full-term birth groups.
Conclusion
The majority of the women had generalized periodontitis. The severity index demonstrated a significant association between maternal periodontitis and preterm births. There was no association between the age of mothers and preterm births. Complications in pregnancy were not associated with preterm births.
Treatment of Moderate and Severe Pelvic Organ Prolapse by Biomechanical Reconstruction: A Series of 135 patients
Authors: Wang Xingqi , Yang Xunguo , Lin Han , Gao Zhenhua , Zhang Quan , Li Ling , Tian Daoming , Wen Yubin , Chen Lihua , Shen Jihong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of pelvic floor biomechanical reconstruction surgery in patients with moderate and severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 135 patients diagnosed with moderate and severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP) who underwent pelvic floor biomechanical reconstruction at the Urogynecology Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2021 to May 2022. The procedure included anterior compartment mesh inlay, posterior colporrhaphy, and reconstruction of perineal body. Follow-up examinations were systematically performed at 3 months, 6 months and annually after the surgery. The primary outcomes assessed were objective and subjective cure rates, while the secondary outcomes included recurrence rate, reoperation rate, and complications. Anatomic evaluation was conducted using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) and sonographic imaging of pelvic floor functional anatomy. Patient’s satisfaction was evaluated using the Patient Global Impression of Improvement Scale (PGI-I).
Results
All operations were successfully completed, with the exception of one case that experienced an intraoperative bladder injury. At a follow-up of 10.4 ± 3.3 months, out of the 135 patients evaluated, statistically significant improvements were observed in the POP-Q points compared to preoperative measurements at the 6-month, 1-year and 2-year time points (p < .001). Additionally, postoperatively, the Urethral Rotation Angle (URA), Restrovesical Angle (RVA), Levator Hiatus Area (LHA) at maximum Valsalva state, and Bladder Neck Descent (BND) were significantly lower than their preoperative values (p < .05). At 1 year 1.5% patients had mesh exposure, and the reoperation rate was 2.2%. More than 90% of patients expressed highly satisfaction with the surgical outcome.
Conclusions
Pelvic floor biomechanical reconstruction is a safe technique that has shown promising results and low complication rates. It may serve as a viable alternative to sacral hysteropexy for patients with POP.
Neighborhood Effects on the Health of Elderly Persons: Evidence from China
Authors: xia dongping , Gong Ren-gui , Hu Yang-ming , Hu Zan , Xiang Hua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Presently, global aging has become increasingly serious, whereas the health concerns brought by aging have become a public issue that warrants an urgent solution from all countries across the world. Therefore, this research paper discusses the influence of neighborhood health on elderly individuals' health, and extending a realistic basis for the other economies to improve the neighborhood environment and promote the health of the elderly.
Methods
Based on the data of CHARLS2018, this research paper adopts the samples that fulfill the study requirements (N = 7326). we constructed a comprehensive research framework integrating ordinary least square (OLS) regression, heterogeneity analysis, IV-2SLS, robustness testing, Furthermore, the KHB decomposition method is implemented to ascertain the influential mechanism of NMH and NPH on the mental- and physical health of elderly persons.
Results
The OLS regression analysis indicates that NMH 0.241 and NPH 0.294 exert positive influences on the elderly’s mental- and physical health. Meanwhile, the effects of IV-2SLS on NPH and NMH stand at 0.346 and 0.207, which are different from the OLS regression results; thereby, indicating the existence of endogeneity. Afterward, KHB mediating effect confirms that Internet use, gift reciprocity, and charity activity contribute 13.48% and 28.16% to physical- and mental health, respectively.
Conclusions
Firstly, the NPH and NMH demonstrate a positive influence on the physical and mental health of the elder population. However, there exist heterogeneous differences. Secondly, the IV-2SLS model deals with the endogeneity of NPH and NMH. Thirdly, social integration, social interaction, and social engagement serve as significant transmission mechanisms for the influences of NMH and NPH on the health of elderly persons.
Advances in phase changing materials in solar thermal energy storage and applications
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Thakur Amit Kumar , Gupta Lovi Raj , Gehlot Anita , Sikarwar Vineet Singh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Phase-changing materials are nowadays getting global attention on account of their ability to store excess energy. Solar thermal energy can be stored in phase changing material (PCM) in the forms of latent and sensible heat. The stored energy can be suitably utilized for other applications such as space heating and cooling, water heating, and further industrial processing where low-temperature heat energy is required. The presented work attempts to evaluate past, present, and future trends in the development of energy storage materials and their encapsulation techniques for efficient utilization of the available energy. Hybrid PCM with nanoparticles has excellent potential to tailor thermo-physical properties and uplift the efficiency of energy storage systems. Synergistic use of PCM with nano-micro material can further improve the capacity of energy storage system along with the charging and discharging efficiencies of the system. Impacts of the size of particle, concentration ratio, and shape of particle have been studied to assess their effectiveness in enhancing storage efficiency of the systems. Waste heat recovered and stored in energy storage materials can undoubtedly improve the total energy availability of the source; thus, enhancing the exergy efficiency with simultaneous reduction in the entropy generation rate. Core-shell nanoparticles can further improve the optical absorptance spectra towards an infrared region of thermal energy. Encapsulation techniques, hybrid non-enhanced PCM and contentment designs can further augment the energy storage and discharging efficiency which in turn can diversify their applications in various systems.
Correlates of Climate Change Risk Perception:
Evidence from Latin America
Authors: Fasolin Guilherme , Spektor Matias , Marques Renan , Camargo Juliana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Climate change risk perceptions are subjective constructs through which individuals make sense of potential damage or harm resulting from climate change. Identifying the determinant factors that influence such perceptions is consequential because assessments of risk can facilitate or hinder public participation in climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. Scholars have shown that in the rich societies of the West, climate risk perception is associated with knowledge, political orientation, demographics, emotions, and personal experience with extreme weather events. Here we test the validity of these findings in the developing world. Through surveys, we show that unlike it is the case in the developed world, in Latin America climate risk perception is influenced by affect but not by cognition, ideology, demographics, or exposure to experience. We anticipate our findings to be a starting point for more sophisticated public risk communication strategies tailored for audiences in the Global South.
Bibliometric analysis, physical properties, and experimental evaluation of additives-diesel ternary blends
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Kumar Mukesh , Das Umesh Kumar , Sharma Sumit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Petroleum fuel availability faces a significant challenge in today's world, primarily due to its heightened demand and overreliance on imports. The rapid pace of urbanization, intertwined with factors like air quality, economic considerations, and fuel availability, has ignited a growing awareness of the pressing need for a cleaner environment and the search for alternative fuel sources. As global emissions limits continue to rise, there is a collective pursuit of improved fuels that can seamlessly integrate with compression ignition engines. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis further underscores the escalating worldwide research efforts in this critical domain. According to the existing literature, nitromethane and 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate have demonstrated superior physical and combustion properties compared to other additives. To explore their potential, a meticulous performance and emission analysis was conducted using a single-cylinder, 4-stroke VCR CI engine, employing varying proportions of 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate and a constant 2% blend of nitromethane, with EEA concentrations ranging from 5%, 10%, to 15% (v/v). This research delved into the influence of these diverse fuel blends on the performance of CI engines and exhaust characteristics within a compression ratio spectrum spanning from 17 to 20. The experimental findings revealed that ternary blends, although having a marginal impact on engine performance, exhibited lower emissions compared to pure diesel. The pinnacle of this investigation emerged with the EEA5NM2D93 blend, which yielded optimal results in terms of both performance and emission characteristics.