bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a Model and System for Secondary Fertilization of Nutrient Solution and Residual Liquid
Authors: Wang Xinzhong , Fang Weiquan , Zhao Zhongfeng 
Published: January 2023

At present, the nutrient solution of soilless culture is mostly configured by simply using the standard fertilizer formula, lacking the precise matching technology of nutrient solutions based on nutrient elements. It is unable to change the formula configuration according to vegetable types, different growth stages and growth needs, especially in the secondary fertilizer reuse of nutrient solution reflux. In order to make precise secondary fertilization, a model and system for secondary fertilization of nutrient solution residual liquid were established in this paper. It can be used for secondary fertilization based on nutrient ions and reused after the sterilization of the residual liquid. A nutrient solution fertilizer system based on nutrient elements was designed. The nutrient solution fertilizer system based on the online detection of ions was determined with different element compounds as the fertilizer unit. Combined with the existing hydroponic water-soluble inorganic salts, the ion concentration and its proportioning quantitative model of the nutrient solution recovery solution were established. The experimental verification and result analysis of the fertilizer model were carried out to test the accuracy and practicability of the established model. The ion concentration error obtained from the mathematical model was established as 0.0093–0.5294 mg·L−1.The precise proportioning technology of nutrient solution based on nutrient elements can realize the precise and intelligent proportioning of nutrient elements in the nutrient solution of crops and can also make full use of the nutrient solution. It also improves the efficiency of greenhouse cultivation.
The Effect of the Method of Organizing the Topics of the Noble Prophet’s Hadith According to The Principles of the Shadhili Al-Yashitiiyya Method on the Acquisition of Moral Values by Tenth-Grade Students in Islamic Education in the United Republic of t
Authors: Musa Abdul Hadi , Ahmed Al-Khawaldeh Nasser 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The research aims to reveal the impact of the method of organizing the content of the topics of the hadith of the Prophet according to the principles of the Shadhili al-Yashitiiyya method on the acquisition of moral values by tenth-grade students in the United Republic of Comoros.
Methods: The study used the quasi-experimental method. In order to answer the study questions, a scale of moral values was prepared and it consisted of (24) items.
Results: The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the students of the experimental group who studied Islamic education using the method of organizing the subjects of the Noble Prophet’s Hadith according to the principles of the Al-Shadhili Al-Yashtariyyah method (4.33 - 0.070) and the students of the control group who studied Islamic education in the usual way (3.80 - 0.061).
Conclusion: The method of organizing the subjects of the Prophet's hadith according to the principles of the Shadhiliyya al-Shartiyyah method had an impact on the acquisition of moral values by the tenth-grade students in Islamic Education in the United Republic of Comoros. Accordingly, the study recommends using the method of organizing the subjects of the Prophet’s hadith according to the principles of the Shadhiliyya al-Shartiyyah method in teaching tenth-grade students in Comoros in the light of the learning outcomes related to the acquisition of the concepts of the Prophet’s hadith and moral values.
Developing Scales to Measure the Gender Roles of Children and Adults in Jordanian Society
Authors: Al- Sabateen Amal , Walid Al-Batsh Mohammad 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The study aims to develop two scales to measure the gender-related roles for both children and adults in the Jordanian culture, and to find indicators about the (psychometric) characteristics and the effectiveness of their items.
Methods: The two scales of gender roles were developed using standard procedures according to the classical theory of measurement. Then the scale version of children was applied to a sample consisting of 1050 children (648 male, 402 female), aged between (4 to 18) years, while the adults’ version of the scale, was applied to a sample of 1080 individuals (517 male, 571 female), aged between (19) and (60) years. Individuals in both samples were selected by a simple random method, taking into account the representation of the gender variable, the monthly income of the child's family in the case of children, and the monthly income of the respondent.
Results: The discrimination coefficients (correlation of performance on the item with performance on the scale on which it falls) ranged between 0.11 and 0.78 in the case of the adult version and between 0.13 and 0.83 in the case of the children version. In addition, four indicators of the reliability of the scales were found (reliability using the test-retest method, the internal consistency method / split-half, the internal consistency method /item statistics (Cronbach alpha), and reliability through the standard error of measurement, whose values were somewhat low. Three indicators of the validity of the scales were also reached (construct validity through factor analysis, prediction of the typical gender role of the respondent, and validity through the correspondence between the classification of the subject according to the scores he obtained on the Jordanian scales of roles related to sex and his gender).
Conclusion: The gender role scales have adequate psychometric properties, which make their future use reliable and objective.
On Explaining Neural Network Robustness with Activation Path
Authors: Jiang Ziping , angelov plamen , Jiang Richard 
Published: January 2023

<p>ICLR submission. This work is supported in part by the Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd under Grant HIRP2019041002010, the Horizon<br>
Europe: European Lighthouse on Secure and Safe AI – ELSA, the UK EPSRC under Grant EP/P009727/1, and the<br>
Leverhulme Trust under Grant RF-2019-492 </p>
About the strong EULER-GOLDBACH conjecture.
Authors: SAINTY PHILIPPE 
Published: January 2023

<p> Abstract. In this article, we define a “ recursive local” algorithm in order to construct two reccurent numerical sequences of positive prime numbers (𝑈2𝑛) and (𝑉2𝑛), ((𝑈2𝑛) function of (𝑉2𝑛)), such that for any integer n≥ 2, their sum is 2n. To build these , we use a third sequence of prime numbers (𝑊2𝑛) defined for any integer n≥ 3 by : 𝑊2𝑛 = Sup(p∈IP : p ≤ 2n-3), where IP is the infinite set of positive prime numbers. The Goldbach conjecture has been verified for all even integers 2n between 4 and 4.1018. . In the Table of Goldbach sequence terms given in paragraph § 10, we reach values of the order of 2n= 101000 . Thus, thanks to this algorithm of “ascent and descent”, we can validate the strong Euler-Goldbach conjecture. </p>
Physical Layer Security for Wireless-Powered Ambient Backscatter Cooperative Communication Networks
Authors: Li Xingwang , Jiang Junjie , Wang Hao , Chen Gaojie , Du Jianghe , Hu Chunqiang , Mumtaz Shahid 
Published: January 2023

<p>Low power consumption and high spectrum efficiency as the great challenges for multi-device access to Internet-of-Things (IoT) have put forward stringent requirements on the future intelligent network. Ambient backscatter communication (ABcom) is regarded as a promising technology to cope with the two challenges, where backscatter device (BD) can reflect ambient radio frequency (RF) signals without additional bandwidth. However, minimalist structural design of BD makes ABcom security vulnerable in wireless propagation environments. By virtue of this fact, this paper considers the physical layer security (PLS) of a wireless-powered ambient backscatter cooperative communication network threatened by an eavesdropper, where a BD with nonlinear energy harvesting model cooperates with decode-andforward (DF) relay for secure communication. The PLS performance is investigated by deriving the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and secure energy efficiency (SEE). Specifically, the closed-form and asymptotic expressions of SOP are derived as well as the secrecy diversity order for the first time. As an energy-constrained device, balancing power consumption and security is major concern for BD, thus the SEE of the proposed network is studied. The results from numerical analysis show that the performance improvement of SOP and SEE is impacted by system parameters, including transmission power, secrecy rate threshold, reflection efficiency and distance between the source and BD, which provide guidance on balancing security and energy efficiency in ambient backscatter cooperative relay networks. <br>
<br>
</p>
Missed canal as a factor affecting the periapical status
Authors: Pokrovsky M. Yu. , Aleshina O. A. , Goryacheva T. P. 
Published: January 2023

Aim. To identify the relationship between the presence of a "missed" root canal and the periapical status.Materials and methods. 500 CBCT images of patients of both sexes were studied: 2915 teeth after endodontic treatment, of which 1549 were multicanal. Profile diagnostic criteria were used to identify the "missed" canal.Results. 518 "missed" root canals were revealed, which accounted for 33.4% of the number of multi-canal teeth. In 228 cases, changes in periapical tissues were noted, including 1 case of widening of periodontal ligament space, which accounted for 44% of the total number of "missed" canals. It was noted that the risk of developing apical periodontitis is higher for cases with "missed" canals (p < 0.001). The relationship between the untreated canal and the periapical status is statistically assessed as medium or relatively strong, which confirms the relevance of accurate diagnosis of the anatomy and topography of the root canal system at all stages and by all available methods.Conclusions. In case of sufficient duration of observation, absence of symptoms, absence of periapical changes (radiologically) – repeated treatment for the purpose of endodontic treatment of the "missed" root canal is not justified. If there are changes in the periapical tissues, repeated endodontic intervention should be performed. In this case, preference should be given to endodontic re-treatment using a microscope.
Analysis of Influence Style Leadership, Motivation, and Work Environment on Employee Performance PT. Bank Capital Indonesia, Tbk
Authors: Panjaitan Eva Nopalina , Pragiwani Meita 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the influence of leadership style, motivation, and work environment on the performance of employees of PT. Bank Capital Indonesia (Operational Head Office). The method used in the preparation of this thesis is to use a causal associative method. Causal associative research is a study that aims to determine the effect between two or more variables. This research explains the influence and influence relationship of the variables to be studied. The object of this research is employees at PT. Bank Capital Indonesia, Tbk Operational Headquarters, where the author distributes a written questionnaire to be given to employees of PT. Bank Capital Indonesia, Tbk Operational Headquarters to be answered using the "Likert Scale". In this study was taken 150 employees as respondents in March 2017. Data analysis tool used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. From result of research known that there is significant influence between leadership style, motivation, and work environment to employee performance. From 3 (three) research variables analyzed, that motivation variable is the most dominant variable affecting employee performance and followed by work environment variable and leadership style variable.
Review Analisis Efektivitas dan Risiko Toksisitas Aminofilin pada Pengobatan Penyakit Asma
Authors: Rahmawati Nurma Dwi , Hilmi Indah Laily , Salman Salman 
Published: January 2023

Asma adalah penyakit inflamasi kronis pada saluran napas yang melibatkan banyak sel dan faktor. Secara fisiologis asma ditandai dengan adanya penyempitan saluran pernafasan yang menyebabkan peningkatan hipersensitivitas yang ditandai dengan gejala episodik berulang berupa mengi, sesak napas, dada sesak, dan batuk, terutama pada malam hari dan atau pagi hari. Badan kesehatan dunia (WHO) memperkirakan jumlah penyakit asma tahun 2019 sekitar 235 juta. Asma adalah masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia, yang mempengaruhi kurang lebih 1-18% populasi di berbagai negara di dunia. Aminofilin merupakan obat asma yang paling umum digunakan untuk mengobati asma di Indonesia dan termasuk obat dengan rentang terapi sempit yang tinggi resiko terhadap kejadian adverse drug reaction (ADR). Penggunaan aminofilin yang kurang tepat akan menimbulkan banyak efek samping yang dapat berpotensi berakibat fatas dan justru dapat membuat seseorang mengalami masalah medis akibat efek samping yang lebih berat dibandingkan masalah medis utamanya. Penulisan artikel review ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis efektivitas serta resiko aminofilin pada pengobatan penyakit asma dengan metode studi literatur yang diambil dari berbagai jurnal internasional maupun nasional. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur tersebut didapatkan hasil bahwa aminofilin dalam penggunaanya menghasilkan efek toksik yang lebih besar dibandingkan efektivitasnya.
Analisa Zat Warna Rhodamin B Pada Lipstik Gloss Dan Matte Yang Dijual Dikota Banda Aceh Dengan Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis
Authors: Adriani Azmalina , Andalia Rizki , Rinaldi Rinaldi , Ulya Nadhira 
Published: January 2023

Kosmetik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan yang sangat penting bagi kaum wanita, salah satu jenis kosmetik yang wajib dimiliki oleh kaum wanita adalah lipstik. Lipstik merupakan pewarna bibir yang memiliki banyak warna. Rhodamin B merupakan zat warna sintetis yang dilarang penggunaannya dalam kosmetik dan dinyatakan sebagai bahan yang berbahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ada atau tidak Rhodamin B pada lipstik gloss dan matte yang dijual dikota Banda Aceh menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Populasi dalam penelitian berupa sampel lipstik yang dijual dikota Banda Aceh dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling, kriteria lipstik yang diambil sampel lipstik gloss memiliki bentuk cair, homogen, berbau tajam, berwarna merah dan pink keunguan. Sedangkan lipstik matte memiliki tekstur setengah padat dan halus, memiliki warna pink keunguan dan berbau lipstik pada umumnya serta memiliki registrasi atau tidak teregistrasi BPOM. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan melihat bercak noda di bawah lampu UV 254 nm. Hasil penelitian dari delapan sampel, sampel SS tidak teregistrasi BPOM dinyatakan positif mengandung Rhodamin B, dengan Rf 0.68 yang sejajar dengan nilai Rf baku. Sesuai dengan persyaratan Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2019 tentang persyaratan teknis bahan zat warna yang dilarang dalam kosmetika.
Aspirin alleviates the symptoms of immunoglobulin A nephropathy via suppressing platelets-mediated non-canonical NF-κB activation in B cells
Authors: Johannes Nomvula , Maunga Priyanka 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Antiplatelet aggregation drugs, such as aspirin, can alleviate pathological renal damage in immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, although the precise mechanism is unclear.
Methods: The serum levels of platelet factor 4 (PF4), IgA, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in IgA nephropathy patients and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-/- tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-/- mice. The deposition of IgA in glomeruli was detected by immunofluorescence. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) induced platelets activation was examined by the cell counting kit 8 assay. B cells were further stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or plus platelets supernatant, or combined with nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) inducing kinase (NIK) inhibitor, NIK SMI1.
Results: Increased serum IgA and proportion of activated platelets were observed in IgA nephropathy patients. TBK1-/-TNF-/- mice had significant increased urinary protein and serum creatinine, and IgA deposition in glomeruli. Up-regulated serum PF4 and PAF were observed in both the IgA nephropathy patients and TBK1-/-TNF-/- mice. Aspirin suppressed the deposition of IgA in glomeruli of TBK1-/-TNF-/- mice with down-regulated platelets activation. Platelets supernatant could promote the proliferation of B cells with up-regulated IgA and sCD40L secretion and up-regulated P52 and RelB expression, which could be inhibited by NIK SMI1 administration.
Conclusion: TBK1-/-TNF-/- mice demonstrate IgA nephropathy phenotype, which could be alleviated by aspirin administration via inhibiting platelets induced non-canonical NF-κB activation mediated IgA production in B cells.
Compensatory action of the index and middle finger in the kinematic chain of a basketball shot
Authors: Han Jiang  , Kruszewski Artur , Cherkashina Elena , Theodorou Apostolos , Zacharakis Emmanouil , Cherkashin Ilia , Konovalov Igor , Kruszewski Marek 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Performing effective actions requires the basketball player to balance factors such as motor variability, error minimalization and a complex sequence of coordination to determine the best action.
Aim of study. The aim of the study was to differentiate the strength of the muscles of the index and middle fingers when performing a basketball shot.
Methods
Material and method. Study group enrolled 122 male college basketball league students. The study included psychophysiological tests to determine indices of individual and typological characteristics of higher nervous activity, proprioceptive sensitivity tests of the fingers of the leading hand, and field tests to assess participants' shooting skills. The touch-based finger pressure sensing system measured the different levels of pressure exerted by the participants' main index and middle finger during grasping.
Results
For both the middle and index finger, the highest correlation with shot efficiency was found for a 120 g load g (p < 0,01 for 2PS; 2PS40 suc; FT; 3PSO and 3,5mS). Furthermore, high reproducibility of proprioceptive sensitivity of the index and middle finger of the leading hand was found in basketball players.
Conclusions
The research indicates that it is possible to organize compensatory behavior between joints on the basis of proprioception, with the last compensatory movements of the kinematic chain being performed by the fingers of the hand. The demonstrated high proprioceptive sensitivity of the index and middle finger of the leading hand in basketball players at a weekly interval may indicate ability to maintain high repeatability of movements controlled by these fingers.
Plantar Pressure Distribution and Postural Balance in Beauty Pageant Contestants Before and After Wearing High-Heeled Shoes
Authors: Jaszczur-Nowicki Jarosław , Hasiuk Adrianna M. , Podstawski Robert , Potocka-Mitan Małgorzata , Ambroży Dorota , Perliński Jacek , Ruzbarska Beata , Bukowska Joanna M. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the biomechanics of the foot in beauty pageant contestants wearing shoes that increase calcaneal height. Plantar pressure distribution and postural balance were examined in women after one hour of wearing high-heeled shoes.
Methods
Foot arch measurements were conducted using EPSR1 mats. Based on these measurements, 18 of the 19 tested women were diagnosed with significant pes cavus.
Results
The experiment revealed a significant reduction in the excessively high metatarsal arch of both feet. The mean load on the metatarsus measured at rest was 0.0% in both feet, and it increased by 0.6% in the left leg (p ≤ 0.022; Z = 2.293) and by 2.7% in the right leg (p ≤ 0.023; Z = 2.271). These results suggest that excessive stretching of the plantar fascia and impaired function of the short muscles of the foot lead to a temporary reduction in the arch of the foot. This phenomenon can be compared to stretching a bowstring and its return to the shortest length under static conditions. A statistical analysis of the results of stabilographic measurements revealed significant changes only in the left foot barycenter. An analysis of the ability to maintain postural balance revealed that the observed changes contributed to postural destabilization at p ≤ 0.011 and Z = 2.535.
Conclusions
Further research involving electromyography tests is needed to examine plantar muscle tension during isotonic contractions. The duration of the exercise-induced reduction in pes cavus should also be determined for therapeutic purposes.
Antiadherent and antibacterial properties of TiO2-coated and TiO2:Ag-coated stainless steel orthodontic wires against S. mutans bacteria
Authors: Bącela Justyna J. , Kielan-Grabowska Zofia , Borak Beata , Sobieszczańska Beata , Walczuk Urszula , Kawala Beata , Zięty Anna , Detyna Jerzy , Sarul Michał 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Conventional orthodontic treatment with stainless steel orthodontic wires may be detrimental to oral health, as it con-tributes to demineralized lesions and increases adhesion and bacterial biofilm formation, which contributes to cavity development. An alternative that has been investigated to reduce the side effects of orthodontic treatment is the use of coating materials with antimicrobial nanoparticles. This study aims to evaluate the antiadherent and antibacterial properties of TiO2-coated and TiO2:Ag-coated stainless steel orthodontic wires against S. mutans bacteria.
Methods
In the sol-gel method, TiO2:Ag thin films were deposited on stainless steel orthodontic wires. Coated archwires were analyzed for their antibacterial and antiadherent properties. The evaluation of Streptococcus mutans adhesion to the orthodontic wires’ surface was conducted according to the type of coating used, biofilm formation assay, and measure-ment of the pH of the bacterial community.
Results
In the microbiological test, the TiO2:Ag coatings revealed a statistically significant difference in terms of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans. The TiO2:Ag coating on stainless steel wire increased pH levels in the saliva environment.
Conclusions
It can be concluded that antimicrobial orthodontic wires coated with silver-TiO2 nanoparticles using the sol-gel thin film are a promising choice for improving orthodontic treatment.