bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro Study of Temperature Changes on the Outer Root Surface of Extracted Human Teeth Under Different Parameters of Intracanal Cryotherapy
Authors: Todorova Marieta Valentinova , Dimitrova Silviya Dimitrova , Zagorchev Plamen Ivanov 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectives The aim of the present study is to investigate the temperature changes on the outer root surface of extracted human teeth during irrigation with different volumes of solutions at different temperatures.Materials and Methods Thirty premolars extracted for orthodontic or periodontal indications were used for the first experiment and 12 for the second experiment. Root canals were instrumented using WaveOne Gold. Thermosensors were attached to the apical 5 mm and to the middle 5 mm of the outer root surface. Control irrigations with 0.9% NaCl, 2.5% NaOCl, and 17% EDTA at room temperature and experimental irrigations at 2.5°C with 0.9% NaCl, 2.5°C with 2.5% NaOCl, and 2.5°C with 17% EDTA were conducted.Results During the intracanal cryotherapy, a minimum temperature more than 10°C lower than the initial temperature value was reached. There was no significant difference between the lowest temperature values reached in the irrigations carried out with the three irrigation solutions studied. These results indicate that the effect of intracanal cryotherapy can be successfully achieved using all three types of irrigation solutions, i.e., NaOCl, 0.9% NaCl, EDTA. Intracanal cryotherapy needed to last more than 2 minutes to achieve more than 10°C difference with the initial temperature.Conclusions A total of 5 mL of irrigation solution for 5 min is insufficient to achieve a cryotherapeutic effect. A temperature difference of 10°C between initial and lowest temperatures recorded was reached fastest at a volume of 20 mL.
A Rare Case of COVID-19-Associated Solitary Aspergillus Brain Abscess
Authors: Parambil Rajeev Mandaka , Thavara Binoy Damodar , Francis Saji , Valsan Poornima Mankara , Jose Byjo Valiyaveetil , Mangla Vishal , Sreenivasan Harikrishnan , Cholakkal Shanavas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurgically operated case of solitary Aspergillus brain abscess caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient is not reported. The authors report a case of 33-year-old diabetic female patient presented with generalized seizure followed by left hemiparesis. Patient was treated with steroids for COVID-19 pneumonia. Initial imaging revealed a right frontal lobe infarct that later confirmed as a case of frontal lobe abscess. Patient underwent craniotomy and thick yellow pus was drained. Abscess wall was excised. Postoperatively patient improved with Glasgow coma scale 15/15 and Medical Research Committee grade 5 power of all limbs. Microbiological examination of pus was done. The gram stain showed numerous pus cells with acute angle branching hyphae. Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) preparation showed filamentous black colored hyphae. Mycelial colonies appeared on chocolate agar after 48 hours of incubation. Cellophane tape mount from the plate showed conical shaped vesicle with conidia arising from the upper third of vesicle. Light green velvety colonies appeared on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar that later turned into smoky green. The isolate was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus. The hematoxylin and eosin stain of abscess wall section showed extensive areas of necrosis with few fungal hyphae. GMS stain of abscess wall showed fungal hyphae that are septate and showing acute angled branching which are consistent with Aspergillus species. Patient was treated with voriconazole. Imaging done after 8 months of surgery revealed no residue. Surgical excision of life-threatening solitary Aspergillus brain abscess along with antifungal medication voriconazole carries good result. The authors believe that decreased immunity in patient has contributed to the development of this rare disease. This is a rarest case of surgically operated solitary brain abscess caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in COVID-19 patient.
Hundred Pediatric Cases Treated for Chiari Type II Malformation with Hydrocephalus and Myelomeningocele
Authors: Encarnacion Daniel , Chmutin Gennady , Chaurasia Bipin , Bozkurt Ismail 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Chiari malformation type II (CM-II) may not always present as an asymptomatic disorder but prove to be difficult in managing. This is especially true for neonates who show the worst prognosis. There is confounding data over whether shunting or craniocervical junction (CVJ) decompression should be employed. This retrospective analysis summarizes the results of 100 patients diagnosed and treated for CM-II along with hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele.
Methods We reviewed all the children who were diagnosed and surgically treated for CM-II at the Moscow Regional Hospital. Surgical timing was decided on the clinical conditions of each patient. Urgent surgery in the more compromised patients (usually infants) and elective surgery for patients with less severe conditions was performed. All patients first underwent CVJ decompression.
Results The retrospective review yielded 100 patients operated on for CM-II with concomitant hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele. The average herniation was 11.2 ± 5.1 mm. However, herniation level did not correlate with clinical findings. Concomitant syringomyelia was observed in 60% of patients. More severe spinal deformity was observed in patients with widespread syringomyelia (p = 0.04). In children of the younger age group, cerebellar symptoms and bulbar disorders were more frequently observed (p = 0.03), and cephalic syndrome was noted much less frequently (p = 0.005). The severity of scoliotic deformity correlated with the prevalence of syringomyelia (p = 0.03). Satisfactory results were significantly more often observed in patients of the older age group (p = 0.02). Patients with unsatisfactory results at the time of treatment were significantly younger (p = 0.02).
Conclusion If CM-II is asymptomatic, then no specific treatment is prescribed. If the patient develops pain in the occiput and neck, then pain relievers are prescribed. If a patient has neurological disorders or concomitant syringomyelia, hydrocephalus or myelomeningocele, surgical intervention is indicated. The operation is also performed if the pain syndrome cannot be overcome within the framework of conservative therapy.
Refractory Delayed Pneumocephalus after Transsphenoidal Cyst Drainage for Rathke's Cleft Cyst in a Patient with a Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt
Authors: Hashiba Tetsuo , Nonaka Masahiro , Iwamura Haruka , Kamei Takamasa , Takeda Junichi , Asai Akio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 75-year-old man presented with bilateral lower limb weakness to our hospital from another clinic. Radiological examinations implied the possibilities of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and a suprasellar cyst, but both were observed conservatively at that time. Due to the progressive gait disturbance, a lumboperitoneal shunt was implanted 1 year later. The clinical symptoms improved, but the cyst had grown after another year, causing visual impairment. Transsphenoidal drainage of the cyst was performed, but delayed pneumocephalus occurred. Repair surgery was performed with temporary suspension of shunt function, but pneumocephalus relapsed two and a half months after the resumption of shunt flow. In the second repair surgery, the shunt was removed because it was assumed that it would prevent closure of the fistula by lowering intracranial pressure. Two and a half months later, after confirming involution of the cyst and no pneumocephalus, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was implanted, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage has not relapsed since then. The coexistence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) is rare, but it can occur. RCC can be cured by simple drainage, but delayed pneumocephalus can occur in cases whose intracranial pressure decreases due to CSF shunting. When simple drainage without sellar reconstruction for RCC is attempted after CSF shunting for coexistent iNPH, attention should be paid to changes in intracranial pressure, and it is desirable to stop the flow of the shunt for a certain period.
B-Cell Lymphoma Intramedullary Tumor: Case Report and Systematic Review
Authors: Gonsalves Daniel Gregório , Raffa Paulo Eduardo Albuquerque Zito , de Sousa Gabriela Gerenutti , Rigueiral Melissa Esposito Gomes , Estevão Iracema Araújo , Pacheco Cesar Cozar , Medeiros Roger Thomaz Rotta , Franceschini Paulo Roberto , de Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntramedullary tumors represent the major cause of spinal cord injuries, and its symptoms include pain and weakness. Progressive weakness may concomitantly occur in the upper and lower limbs, along with lack of balance, spine tenderness, sensory loss, trophic changes of extremity, hyperreflexia, and clonus. The study protocol was in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search of the MEDLINE electronic database was performed to identify the studies reporting the clinical features of children and adults who presented with an intramedullary lymphoma. Twenty-one studies were included, reporting 25 cases. Manuscripts were excluded if the full-text article was not available, original data were not reported (e.g., review articles), or if the main disease was not intramedullary lymphoma. A structured data extraction form was employed to standardize the identification and retrieval of data from manuscripts. To enlighten the discussion, a case is also presented. An 82-year-old woman with Fitzpatrick skin type II, diagnosed and treated for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 7 years ago, was admitted with mental confusion and memory loss for the past 2 months—evolving with recurring falls from her own height. One day before admission, she displayed Brown-Séquard syndrome. An expansive lesion from C2 to C4 in the cervical spinal cord was found and a hypersignal spinal cord adjacent was described at the bulb medullary transition to the C6–C7 level. A primary spinal cord tumor was considered, as well as a melanoma metastasis, due to the lesion's flame pattern. The patient presented a partial recovery of symptoms and a reduction of the spinal cord edema after being empirically treated with corticosteroids, but the lesion maintained its extent. Subsequently, a large diffuse B-cell lymphoma with nongerminal center was found in open body biopsy, infiltrating neural tissue. The main objective of the present study is to report a surgical case treated for a large diffuse B-cell lymphoma, in addition to presenting the results of a systematic review of primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma.
Hybrid Laparoscopic and Ultrasound-Guided Thermal Ablation of Recurrent Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with von Hippel-Lindau Disease and a Solitary Kidney
Authors: Clements Warren , Lechmiannandan Sivaneswaran , Campbell Nicholas , Moriarty Heather K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstractvon Hippel-Lindau disease is an inherited autosomal dominant multisystem cancer syndrome. Multiple malignancies including renal cell carcinoma (RCC) occur in approximately 40%. A 69-year-old female presented with recurrent RCC in a solitary kidney, after previous partial nephrectomy and ablation. The 19-mm lesion was anterior and adherent to the descending colon, obviating percutaneous hydrodissection. A combined urology-interventional radiology procedure was performed including laparoscopic division of adhesions and mobilization of the colon, followed by direct laparoscopic and ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation. This novel approach was technically and clinically successful, which highlights the advantages of working in a multidisciplinary environment.
NIOSH Hearing Loss Prevention Program for Mining
Authors: Peterson Jeffrey Shawn , Azman Amanda S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNoise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) continues to be a pervasive problem for the nation's workforce, particularly the nation's mining personnel. As one of the leading health and safety organizations in the world, the National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) in Pittsburgh maintains a Hearing Loss Prevention Program (HLPP) to conduct research to reduce NIHL loss among the nation's miners. This document provides a brief overview of this HLPP, describing some of the research techniques involved in the development of engineering noise controls, methods for the development of administrative noise controls, and some of the products available to the public to protect the nation's workers hearing.
‘Carrot and stick’ approach to housing demolition and relocation under flexible authoritarianism in urban China
Authors: Li Chen , He Shenjing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the context of the reconfigured state-society relation, Chinese states’ modes of crisis management have profoundly transformed, featuring the state’s greater efforts in reconciling the conflicts among the state machinery of capital accumulation, political stability maintenance and the increasingly diversified societal needs. However, how the local state performs specific missions accordingly in handling day-to-day conflicts on the ground remains under-examined. Accounting for the mundane yet nontrivial conflict resolving strategies featuring ‘carrot and stick’ approach, this article aims to fill this gap by examining the underlying logic, the operational mechanism, and the socioeconomic implications of flexible authoritarianism at the local level, based on an empirical investigation on how local state handles nail households in housing demolition and relocation in Dalian, China. We define ‘carrot and stick’ approach as a manifestation of flexible authoritarianism on the ground, which employs a variety of formal and informal strategies as well as administrative and market instruments to handle nail households-induced conflicts that are constitutive of the renewed state-society relation. This study reveals that the ‘carrot and stick’ approach under flexible authoritarianism has been rationalized as an efficient way for the local state to maintain political and social stability whilst sustaining the momentum of economic growth, thus widely employed in China. This research deepens our theoretical and empirical understanding of the dynamic state-society relation and flexible authoritarianism, and offers a detailed interpretation of why and how such hybrid and flexible ‘carrot and stick’ approach is rendered inevitable under the current politico-economic environment, power structure, legal and institutional configuration in urban China.
Impact of M atomic species on physical properties of M2TlC (M = Ti, Zr, Hf): A first principles calculation
Authors: Sohel M. , Uddin M. M. , Ali M. A. , Hossain M. M. , Islam A. K. M. A. , Naqib S. H. 
Published: June 2023

We characterize the physical feature of M2TlC (M = Ti, Zr, and Hf) MAX phase ternary carbides applying density functional theory. Along with previously calculated structural, elastic, and electrical properties, Vickers hardness, dynamical stability, and optical feature of the phases are also calculated. The Pugh ratio and Poisson’s ratio show the compounds’ brittleness in conjunction with their potent directional covalent bonds and combination of ionic contributions. The metallic character of the phases is supported by the Fermi level overlap of the conduction band and valence band. The examined materials have moderate hardness, according to the Vickers hardness, with the Hf2TlC combination having the highest value of 2.60 GPa. A number of well-known phenomena are used to compute and thoroughly analyze the optical characteristics. Notably, all investigated compounds show reflectivity above 44% up to 12.0 eV energy, which is encompassed by the infrared and visible regions. The compounds could therefore be used, in practice, as a coating material to lessen solar heating.
Flourishing in Spanish
Authors: Strambi Antonella , Gadd Anna , Luzeckyj Ann , Rubino Antonia , Díaz Martínez Javier 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper reports on a pilot implementation of the FL2 approach and resources, developed to support tertiary students’
wellbeing as well as their second language learning (L2). The FL2 approach and learning activities were piloted in two Spanish language
courses at Australian universities. Evaluation data were collected through an online survey of participating students and compared to the
results of previous pilots conducted with students of Italian. Responses to scale items and open-ended questions indicate that the majority
of participants greatly enjoyed their experiences in the courses and were satisfied with the learning opportunities provided, which shows
potential for the FL2 approach. Evaluations of seven Positive Psychology-informed learning activities also piloted in this study were more
nuanced. Taken together, these results suggest that designing curriculum to support student wellbeing as well as disciplinary learning can
yield positive results. However, careful consideration must be given to alignment between FL2 activities and curriculum, as well as to
students’ individual differences in the reception of Positive Psychology-informed activities.
The genre specifics of Englishwh-exclamatives
Authors: Schröder Daniela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper puts forward the hypothesis thatwh-exclamatives in Present-day English are much more genre-specific than has previously been acknowledged. To test this, prototypicalhow- andwhat-exclamatives are searched for in three different corpora containing material from conceptually oral language, that is prose fiction, personal letters and informal, spontaneous face-to-face conversations. The results show that in terms of token frequency,wh-exclamatives are most frequent in personal letters, a genre which has hitherto not been linked with exclamatives. Furthermore, the outcomes demonstrate that each genre shows a different distribution of exclamatives. In all cases, the different structural realizations (clausal vs. non-clausal form) can be connected to the function the exclamative fulfills in the respective genre and to the general properties of the three distinct text types. The results compel us to consider that exclamatives might be more specialized than has been believed so far.
They were not radical, even when they committed that
Authors: Benítez-Castro Miguel-Ángel , Hidalgo-Tenorio Encarnación , Patterson Katie Jane , Moyano Manuel , González Irene 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Identity conflict and the loss of meaning experienced by some Muslim young people in Western countries are key
factors behind fanaticism, leading some of them to find purpose in life within extremist groups (Adam-Troian et al. 2021; Moyano and González 2021). The
narrative that emerges from the radicalisation process provides a rich source for psychologists and discourse analysts, exploring
not only the ‘why’ and the ‘how’, but also issues stemming from self-perception and other-representation. Such conflict-based
narratives materialise in individuals’ evaluative language patterns (Etaywe and Zappavigna
2022). In this paper, we conduct a close analysis of the discursive construction of emotion and opinion in a collection
of semi-structured interviews with social workers or neighbours who knew the perpetrators of the 2017 terrorist attacks in
Barcelona and Cambrils. To do so, we use corpus-driven methodologies and a refined version of Martin and White’s (2005) Appraisal framework (see Benítez-Castro and
Hidalgo-Tenorio 2019). Our analysis aims to cast light on the social frictions that may have contributed to their
endorsement of violence (Moyano et al. 2021).
Correcting the scientific record
Authors: Lin Yuting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The retraction of a previously published research article, often due to the discovery of fraud or scientific error, can pose considerable threat to an author’s career and reputation. This paper examines legitimation strategies in the retraction notice (RN), a document in which authors formally announce their decision to retract an article. By analyzing 300 RNs published between 2010–2021 in Q1 biomedical journals, this study finds that 76% RNs contain at least one legitimation strategy, with Mortification, Full/Partial Denial, and Corrective Action being the most frequently used. Moreover, a comparison of RNs that report fraud, misconduct, error, unreliable data/results, and other similar matters shows that fraud-related RNs have the highest incidence of legitimation strategies. Authors committing fraud often employ Mortification, Disclaimer, and Reassurance, while authors reporting scientific errors put more emphasis on Good Intention and Perseverance. This study contributes to the understanding of legitimation and image repair in scientific discourse.
Comparing compliments in Face-to-Face vs. online interactions among Iranian speakers of Persian
Authors: Derakhshan Ali , R. Eslami Zohreh , Shakki Farzaneh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There has been ongoing research contrasting online vs. Face-To-Face (FTF) interactions for more than a decade.
This study fills the gap in the literature considering FTF vs. online contexts by comparing the norms and patterns of
complimenting in Persian and explores the complimenting strategies, syntactic patterns, and internal and external modifiers used
in each setting. The corpus included 366 FTF compliments related to the topic of appearance. Findings demonstrated that in both
settings explicit and formulaic compliments are used more frequently than implicit and non-formulaic ones. However, implicit
compliments in FTF interactions were less prevalent than those in online settings. FTF compliments did not show the same level of
creativity as the online ones did and a more diverse set of adjectives were used in online vs FTF compliments. Finally, the paper
provides implications for further research.
Hydro-political power of the Nile
Authors: El Shazly Reham , El Falaky May Samir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examines cognitive representations of Ethiopia and Egypt’s hydro-political stances on the Grand
Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Data were analysed using image schema theory and conceptual metaphor theory to identify how political
leaders deploy conceptual structures to construct, maintain, and reproduce (counter-)hydro-hegemony for water management and
international relations broadly. Results suggest that the gerd represents physical and symbolic boundaries
constructed/activated to block and animate power. Egypt prefers multilateralism on gerd matters; whereas,
Ethiopia acts unilaterally in its national interest. The findings indicate that international public opinion can be cognitively
and discursively manipulated to legitimise (in)action sanctioning (counter)hydro-hegemony using original metaphor mappings and
mini-narratives. This study posits that interstate hydro-disputes can be viewed as either a journey or trial.
While Egypt suggested a family-threat-journey-destination script where all regions correlate to garner power, Ethiopia
invoked a victim -threat-defendant-plaintiff-trial narrative to defend confrontational move(s) and motivate the
illegitimate jury to dismiss the case.