bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The National Association of Medical Examiners Position Paper
Authors: Aiken Sally S. , Nashelsky Marcus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Second autopsies are uncommon in the United States yet are of significant public value. A second autopsy may be sought when the first autopsy findings are disputed, considered biased, or inadequately communicated. Second autopsies are technically and interpretatively difficult and usually rely heavily on investigative information, first autopsy findings, and additional documentation from the first autopsy. Medicolegal second autopsies should be performed only by experienced, board-certified forensic pathologists. Pathologists performing second autopsies should acknowledge and disclose the limitations of second autopsies. The first autopsy pathologist should recognize the quality assurance value of a second autopsy and fully disclose autopsy documentation to the second autopsy pathologist, if permitted by jurisdictional law.
Psychological effects of collective political traumas and post-traumatic growth
Authors: Kahraman Hanife , Kına Dilara 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Collective political traumas emerge from human behavior as a result of political motivation. These events include destructive and intense violence that disrupt the biopsychosocial processes of people in general. A study was conducted on individuals involved in the conflict between the Kurds in southeastern Turkey and security forces. This study aims to determine whether perceived social support, assumptions about the world, psychological resilience and psychological symptoms predict post-traumatic growth (PTG). In addition, the study examines whether differences existed between the participants’ PTG and the four cited variables according to the type of trauma and major sociodemographic variables.

Design/methodology/approach
This study recruited 324 individuals who completed the PTG Inventory, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, World Assumption Scale, Brief Psychological Resilience Scale and Symptom Checklist-90-R Symptom Screening List. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test for independent groups.

Findings
Analysis revealed that assumptions about the world, perceived social support and level of psychological symptoms significantly predicted PTG level. The level of psychological symptoms was significantly higher among individuals exposed than those not exposed to prison. Moreover, participants with low levels of education and income displayed low levels of social support and psychological resilience but high levels of psychological symptoms. When working with victims of collective political trauma, the fact that people who are exposed to prison and torture experience and those with low socioeconomic levels pose serious risks in terms of psychological problems must be considered.

Originality/value
This research is important because it collects data on the effects of collective political traumas.
The impacts of corporate governance on firms’ performance: from theories and approaches to empirical findings
Authors: Bui Hoang , Krajcsák Zoltán 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and financial performance in the case of publicly listed companies in Vietnam for the period from 2019 to 2021. The topic is crucial in understanding how effective governance practices can influence the financial outcomes of companies. The study sheds light on the link between CG practice and firm financial performance. It also provides insights for policymakers and practitioners to improve CG practices.

Design/methodology/approach
Due to the potential dynamic endogeneity in CG research, this study uses the generalized system methods of moments to effectively address the endogeneity problem. Financial performance is measured by Tobin’s Q, return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). Based on organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD) standards, these indices were calculated to assess the influence of CG practices on corporate financial performance, namely, for accounting information (ROA and ROE) and market performance (Tobin’s Q and service à resglement différé (SRD) – stock price volatility) for the period 2019–2021. In addition, the study examines the relationship between changes in the CG index and changes in financial performance.

Findings
The study’s main objective is to determine the relationship between CG performance scores and financial performance. The study found a positive relationship between transparency disclosure and financial performance and a positive correlation between CG and company size. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a decrease in transparency and information index scores in 2021 compared to 2019 and 2020 due to delayed General Meetings of Shareholders. The study failed to find a relationship between shareholder rights index (“cg_rosh”) and board responsibility (“cg_reob”) and financial performance, concerning which the findings of this study differ from those of previous studies. Reasons are put forward for these anomalies.

Originality/value
Policymakers need to develop a set of criteria for assessing CG practices. They also need to promulgate specific regulations for mandatory and voluntary information disclosure and designate a competent authority to certify the transparency of company information. The study also suggests that companies should develop CG regulations and focus on regulations relating to the business culture or ethics, as well as implementing a system to ensure equal treatment among shareholders. The study found that good CG practices can positively contribute to a company’s financial performance, which is crucial for investors to evaluate the quality of CG practices for each listed company so that investment risks can be limited.
How does blockchain technology affect the strategic financing decisions of platform supply chain with low-carbon product?
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Chen Xinyu , Tan Yuqing , Zhu Xiaoxi 
Published: July 2023

PurposeTo explore how the blockchain affects the pricing and financing decisions in a low-carbon platform supply chain.Design/methodology/approachConsidering the dual roles of the e-commerce platform as a seller and an initiator, a typical game-theoretical method is applied to analyze the behavior of supply chain decision-makers and the impact of key variables on equilibriums.FindingsWhen loan interest rates are symmetric, whether blockchain is used or not, the e-commerce platform financing mode will always produce higher wholesale price and unit carbon emission reduction, while the retail price is the opposite. Higher unit additional income brought by the blockchain can bring higher economic and environmental performances, and the e-commerce platform financing mode is superior to bank financing mode. The application of blockchain may cause the manufacturer to change his/her financing choice. For bank financing, with the increase of loan interest rates, the advantages brought by blockchain will gradually disappear, but this situation will not occur under e-commerce platform financing.Originality/valueBlockchain is known for its information transparency properties and its ability to enhance user trust. However, the impacts of applying blockchain in a low-carbon platform supply chain with different financing options are not clear. The authors examine the manufacturer's strategic choices for platform financing and bank financing, whether to adopt blockchain, and the impact of these decisions on carbon emissions reduction, consumer surplus and social welfare. The research conclusion can provide reference for the operation and financing decisions of platform supply chain under the carbon reduction target in the digital economy era.
Specialist use among privately insured children with disabilities
Authors: Chien Alyna T. , Wisk Lauren E. , Beaulieu Nancy , Houtrow Amy J. , Van Cleave Jeanne , Fu Christina , Cutler David , Landrum Mary Beth 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate primary care practice ownership and specialist‐use patterns for commercially insured children with disabilities.Data Sources and Study SettingA national commercial claims database and the Health Systems and Provider Database from 2012 to 2016 are the data sources for this study.Study DesignThis cross‐sectional, descriptive study examines: (1) the most visited type of pediatric primary care physician and practice (independent or system‐owned); (2) pediatric and non‐pediatric specialist‐use patterns; and (3) how practice ownership relates to specialist‐use patterns.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThis study identifies 133,749 person‐years of commercially insured children with disabilities aged 0–18 years with at least 24 months of continuous insurance coverage by linking a national commercial claims data set with the Health Systems and Provider Database and applying the validated Children with Disabilities Algorithm.Principal FindingsThree‐quarters (75.9%) of children with disabilities received their pediatric primary care in independent practices. Nearly two thirds (59.6%) used at least one specialist with 45.1% using nonpediatric specialists, 28.8% using pediatric ones, and 17.0% using both. Specialist‐use patterns varied by both child age and specialist type. Children with disabilities in independent practices were as likely to see a specialist as those in system‐owned ones: 57.1% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 56.7%–57.4%) versus 57.3% (95% CI 56.6%–58.0%), respectively (p = 0.635). The percent using two or more types of specialists was 46.1% (95% CI 45.4%–46.7%) in independent practices, comparable to that in systems 47.1% (95% CI 46.2%–48.0%) (p = 0.054). However, the mean number of specialist visits was significantly lower in independent practices than in systems—4.0 (95% CI 3.9%–4.0%) versus 4.4 (95% CI 4.3%–4.6%) respectively—reaching statistical significance with p < 0.0001.ConclusionsRecognizing how privately insured children with disabilities use pediatric primary care from pediatric and nonpediatric primary care specialists through both independent and system‐owned practices is important for improving care quality and value.
Effect of mesencephalic astrocyte‐derived neurotrophic factor on the inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts cells
Authors: Gong Lei , Dong Jie , Huang Kai , Pan Keqing , Wang Shengzhi , Liu Hao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMesencephalic astrocyte‐derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a unique member of the neurotrophic factor family residing in the endoplasmic reticulum, where it functions as a stress response protein maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, in addition to being secreted extracellularly as a neurotrophic factor to bind with receptors to initiate intracellular signal transduction pathways. Interestingly, MANF has shown an important protective role in the inflammatory response of many diseases. In neural stem cells, pancreatic β cells, and retinal cells, MANF can inhibit the inflammatory response, modulate the immune response, and promote tissue repair. However, the role of MANF in the periodontal inflammatory response remains unclear. In the present study, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) to establish a Pg‐LPS‐stimulated periodontal inflammatory model in human gingival fibroblasts cells (HGF‐1) to investigate the role of MANF in vitro. We found that MANF could inhibit pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion, alleviate the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, promote cell survival, and inhibit cell apoptosis. Therefore, MANF might be a novel promising target for the treatment of periodontitis.
ESG news spillovers across the value chain
Authors: Le Tran Vu , Coqueret Guillaume 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe document the impact of ESG shocks on the stock returns of suppliers and clients of affected firms. Our empirical analysis of US stocks, along with their global clients and suppliers, reveals that ESG shocks are integrated into prices intradaily and that the cross‐effect between shocks and ESG levels is statistically significant. The indirect diffusion of ESG shocks to customers' and suppliers' returns is also significant, but takes more time (a few days) and is less pronounced. Finally, the impact is stronger for small firms and for corporations that benefit from less media coverage. In addition, effects are more pronounced in the recent period (posterior to 2017), possibly due to increased investor attention toward sustainability.
The role of pet attachment in alleviating the negative effects of loneliness on a health‐promoting lifestyle: An empirical study based on threshold effects for pet owners
Authors: Lu Jiao , Ren Erxing , Guo Xinyu , Zhou Zhongliang , Wang Yuan , Zhang Na 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundA health‐promoting lifestyle is acknowledged as a ‘positive ageing’ strategy for older people. The inevitable decline in their social networks may lead to loneliness and subsequently damage their health‐promoting lifestyle. Therefore, pet owning has become a popular way for them to alleviate loneliness. However, the attachment resulting from pet ownership may either facilitate or impede older people's ability to counteract the negative effect of loneliness on health‐promoting lifestyles, and this effect may only be observed when pet owners have limited human confidants.ObjectivesTo identify the role of pet attachment in alleviating the negative impact of loneliness on a health‐promoting lifestyle and its supplementary role in the deficiency of social relationships by analysing the correlation mechanism between pet attachment, loneliness and a health‐promoting lifestyle.MethodsSelf‐report questionnaires were sent to 879 older people (aged ≥60) with pets in China by using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Cross‐sectional threshold regression models were established to analyse the nonlinear effects of loneliness on a health‐promoting lifestyle and the different threshold effects among different social relationship levels.ResultsA single threshold value (0.444) was drawn to determine the action mode of pet attachment on the negative relationship between loneliness and a health‐promoting lifestyle. When the level of pet attachment exceeded 0.444, the inhibition of loneliness on a health‐promoting lifestyle decreased significantly. Additionally, this threshold effect was evident among older people at different levels of social relationships.ConclusionsThe negative effect of loneliness on a health‐promoting lifestyle is alleviated by the single threshold effect of pet attachment. Pet–owner relationships can compensate for a lack of social relationships to some extent and alleviate both an individual's loneliness and its negative effect on a health‐promoting lifestyle.Implications for practiceTo alleviate loneliness and promote healthy ageing in older people who lack social relationships, the tailored pet intervention strategies that prioritize ‘one health’ at the animal‐ecosystem interface that consider their different individual levels of social relationship should be developed.
An immersive simulation strategy to teach cytology sample collection methods and basic diagnosis skills: A two academic center study
Authors: Marcos Ricardo , Fonte‐Oliveira Luísa , Santos Marta , Caniatti Mario 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCollecting cytology samples and making simple diagnoses are skills taught in veterinary universities, mostly in a passive way. Simulators enhance practical skills learning, increasing student engagement through immersive activities. These strategies have not been carefully assessed in veterinary cytology.ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe a simulator developed for training cytology sample collection methods and assess the utility of an immersive simulation strategy to learn and practice the collection of cytology samples.MethodsA flipped classroom with a station design was followed. Students first watched video tutorials on sampling collection, listened to brief cases' clinical histories, and moved to immersive simulator stations. There, they practiced imprints, swabs, and fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). Microscopic observation of the material was available through augmented reality tools. Students were evaluated by Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) tools on their ability to perform FNA on stuffed animal models. Students answered two questionnaires addressing their learning outcomes.ResultsSecond‐ and third‐year students from two centers (n = 129) practiced cytologic collection methods in simulators which significantly changed their willingness to perform FNA in live animals after the class activities. OSCE pass rates over 90% were obtained for most steps of FNA, and students rated the activity as essential/very relevant for learning.ConclusionsImmersive simulation strategies were effective at increasing student comfort with cytologic sampling techniques. This approach should be included in the veterinary curriculum as it can increase the quality of cytology samples and could potentially improve the cytologic diagnosis of a submitted sample.
Effect of needle gauge on pain and specimen quality of ultrasound‐guided fine needle sampling without aspiration of the canine spleen
Authors: Launay Mahéva , Blond Laurent , Geffre Anne , Trumel Catherine , Layssol‐Lamour Catherine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractModifications of splenic parenchyma are common ultrasonographic findings in dogs. Splenic fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a rapid, safe procedure, routinely performed in veterinary institutions. However, 22‐gauge (G) needle usually reported is selected according to general practice and the most appropriate needle size to be used remains unclear. The aim of this prospective, single‐center, methods comparison study was to assess the effect of needle size on cytologic specimens’ evaluation and animal welfare during the procedure. Dogs underwent ultrasound‐guided splenic FNA using 23, 25, and 27G needles. Needles were compared based on initial and then detailed cytologic evaluation. The initial evaluation assessed overall cellularity, cell preservation, hemodilution, and detailed cytologic evaluation referred to exhaustive splenic components. Welfare evaluation was performed based on a scoring system. A total of 54 dogs were included in this study with 54 of 54 welfare evaluations and 35 of 54 cytologic evaluations by one or two European College of Veterinary Clinical Pathology‐certified cytologists. The final cytologic diagnosis was unchanged regardless of the needle size. For the initial evaluation, 23G needles provided significantly higher cellularity than the 27G needles. For detailed cytologic evaluation, only the richness in mesothelial cells and stroma was affected by needle size. Pain induced by the procedures was considered low using 23, 25, and 27G needles with the 27G needle producing the least adverse reactions. Findings from the current study supported using needle gauges smaller than the previously published standard 22G needle for spleen ultrasound‐guided fine needle nonaspiration in dogs. Due to higher cellularity and lower pain scores, authors recommend the use of 23G needles with a nonaspiration technique.
Components Used in Microbial Fuel Cells for Renewable Energy Generation: A Review of Their Historical and Ecological Development
Authors: Altin Necla , Akay Ramiz Gültekin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This review article addresses microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a renewable energy source. Microbial fuel cells are bio-electrochemical systems that use exoelectrogenic bacterial communities under anaerobic conditions to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. These systems are attracting attention due to their potential to reduce overall energy consumption, produce zero carbon emissions, and exhibit high energy density. The rapid development of renewable energy sources has increased the potential for bioenergy, particularly MFCs, to become one of the most important energy sources of the future. In addition to energy production, MFCs show potential for bioremediation and efficient removal of various pollutants. While MFC technology currently has limited application at the laboratory level, it is expected to increase in commercial use in the near future and offers great potential in the areas of renewable energy and environmental sustainability. This review article focuses on the historical and ecological development of the components used in MFCs, examining in detail their evolution and use in MFCs for renewable energy production.
Preferences of women in difficult life situations for a physical activity programme: protocol of a discrete choice experiment in the German NU-BIG project
Authors: Pedron Sara , Herbert-Maul Annika , Sauter Alexandra , Linder Stephanie , Sommer Raluca , Vomhof Markus , Gontscharuk Veronika , Abu-Omar Karim , Thiel Ansgar , Ziemainz Heiko , Holle Rolf , Laxy Michael 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe BIG project (‘Bewegung als Investition in die Gesundheit’, ie, ‘Movement as Investment in Health’) was developed in 2005 as a community-based participatory research programme to offer accessible opportunities for physical activity to women in difficult life situations. Since then, the programme has been expanded to eight sites in Germany. A systematic evaluation of BIG is currently being conducted. As part of this effort, we strive to understand the preferences of participating women for different aspects of the programme, and to analyse their willingness to pay.Methods and analysisIn this protocol, we describe the development and analysis plan of a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to investigate participants’ preferences for a physical activity programme for women in difficult life situations. The experiment will be embedded in a questionnaire covering several aspects of participation in the programme (eg, reach, efficacy and further effects) and the socioeconomic characteristics of all active participants. After a thorough search of the literature, BIG documents review and expert interviews, we identified five important attributes of the programme: course times, travel time to the course venue, additional social activities organised by BIG, consideration of wishes and interests for the further planning of courses and costs per course unit. Thereafter, we piloted the experiment with a sample of participants from the target group. After data collection, the experiment will be analysed using a conditional logit model and a latent class analysis to assess eventual heterogeneity in preferences.Ethics and disseminationUnderstanding women’s preferences will provide useful insights for the further development of the programme and ultimately increase participation and retention. The questionnaire, the included DCE and the pretest on participants received ethical approval (application no. 20-247_1-B). We plan to disseminate the results of the DCE in peer-reviewed journals, national conferences and among participants and programme coordinators and organisers.