bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisión conceptual y normativa de las familias monoparentales en España
Authors: López Conde Nazaret , Moreno Parra Leidi Viviana , Verde-Diego Carmen 
Published: January 2023

The primary objective of the present study is to describe the reality of single-parent families in Spain and to identify their recognition and protection in legislation. To this effect, firstly, a review of the scholarly literature and legislative documents has been carried out, which has delineated the conceptualization, has identified the access paths, has determined the number of single-parent families among Spanish households, and has made visible the characteristics, needs, and difficulties of single-parent families in Spain. Secondly, a regulatory review was performed of a state and autonomous community nature with the purpose of confirming the identification of single-parent families in legislation, recognition of their needs, and government support in light of their difficulties in varying regulations. The results reveal the lack of specific legislation at the state level pertaining to single-parenthood in Spain, an unequal recognition on the part of the different Autonomous Communities, and distinct approaches in each of them. It is proposed that it is essential to enact a state law or a frame of reference about single-parent families that grants them equal rights in any part of the country, and with regard to other families, that especially protects minors.
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal caracterizar la realidad de las familias monoparentales en España e identificar su reconocimiento y protección en la legislación. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica y documental que ha delimitado la conceptualización, identificado las rutas de acceso,
el número de familias monoparentales entre los hogares españoles, y visibilizando las características, necesidades y dificultades de las familias monoparentales en España. En segundo lugar, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión normativa, de carácter estatal y autonómico, cuya finalidad ha sido constatar la identificación de las familias monoparentales en la legislación, el reconocimiento de sus necesidades y el apoyo gubernamental ante sus dificultades. Los resultados muestran la inexistencia de legislación específica de carácter estatal sobre la monoparentalidad en España, un desigual reconocimiento por parte de las distintas Comunidades Autónomas, y un abordaje diferenciado en cada una de ellas. Se postula como fundamental la promulgación de una ley estatal o un marco referencial sobre familias monoparentales que les otorgue entre sí iguales derechos, en cualquier parte del territorio, y respecto del resto de familias, protegiendo especialmente a los menores de edad.
La técnica vocal en el cante flamenco: su relación con el canto clásico y el canto popular
Authors: Serrano Montero Lucía 
Published: January 2023

The voice is the first recorded musical instrument, considered the most expressive and the communication tool par excellence. In flamenco it occupies an indispensable place but, while in classical singing there are certain pedagogical methodologies that govern vocal technique and even flamenco guitar and dance have their own pedagogical methodologies, there is no defined technique for flamenco singing, as its learning has not been treated as a fundamental element of this art. The bases of vocal technique in classical singing date back to the Renaissance period and have evolved up to the present day, while flamenco acquired its own personality at the end of the 19th century, although its antecedents include classical and popular music. The aim of this article is to investigate about the vocal technique in flamenco singing, making an approach to its most relevant aspects, relating it to both classical and popular singing. Likewise, a comparative journey between traditional and contemporary vocal pedagogy is approached.
La voz es el primer instrumento musical del que se tiene constancia, considerado el más expresivo y la herramienta de comunicación por excelencia. En el flamenco ocupa un lugar indispensable pero, mientras que en el canto clásico existen determinadas metodologías pedagógicas que rigen la técnica vocal e incluso la guitarra y el baile flamencos cuentan con metodologías pedagógicas propias, no existe una técnica definida de cante flamenco, al no haberse tratado su aprendizaje como un elemento fundamental de este arte. Las bases de la técnica vocal en el canto clásico se sitúan en la época del Renacimiento y han evolucionado hasta la actualidad; mientras, el flamenco adquiere personalidad propia a finales del XIX, si bien entre sus antecedentes están la música clásica y la música popular. El objetivo de este artículo es investigar acerca de la técnica vocal en el cante flamenco, realizando una aproximación a sus aspectos más relevantes, relacionándolo a la vez con el canto clásico y el canto popular. Asimismo, se aborda un recorrido comparativo entre la pedagogía vocal tradicional y la contemporánea.
Metaphors of Spanish Culture in Flamenco, Gender Roles and Gender Issues: Modern Metaphors to Understand Some Traditional Flamenco Movements and Steps
Authors: Espino-Bravo Chita 
Published: January 2023

The art of Flamenco dance teaches Spanish culture through the dance steps and the metaphors they communicate. Some metaphors from the past are hard to understand, especially when referring to women’s role and social status, as women of the 21st century in Spain have democratic rights women from past centuries did not have. Expressing some of those metaphors through the movements of flamenco is very hard, unless you understand the patriarchal society of then. I will analyze some metaphors flamenco teachers use to explain concepts and gender roles from the past that are hard to understand by younger generations who live in a democratic Spain. By studying the meaning of what flamencas perform on stage, and the role of musicians on stage, we find gender issues and tensions between the female and male artist. Writers like Pardo Bazán, Carmen de Burgos, or Lorca perceived flamenco differently in the past, and their views helped recognize flamenco as a refined art.
El arte del baile flamenco enseña la cultura española a través de los pasos de baile y las metáforas que comunican. Algunas metáforas del pasado son difíciles de entender, especialmente cuando se refieren al rol y estatus social de la mujer, ya que las mujeres del siglo XXI en España tienen derechos democráticos que las mujeres de siglos pasados no tuvieron. Expresar algunas de esas metáforas a través de los movimientos del flamenco es muy difícil, a no ser que entiendas la sociedad patriarcal de entonces. Analizaré algunas metáforas que usan los maestros flamencos para explicar conceptos y roles de género del pasado que son difíciles de entender para las generaciones más jóvenes que viven en una España democrática. Al estudiar el significado de lo que las flamencas interpretan en el escenario y el papel de los músicos en el escenario, encontramos problemas de género y tensiones entre el artista femenino y masculino. Escritores como Pardo Bazán, Carmen de Burgos o Lorca percibieron el flamenco de otra manera en el pasado, y sus puntos de vista ayudaron a reconocer el flamenco como un arte refinado.
Caracterização de polimorfismos genéticos nos genes SEPT7 E FMN1
Authors: Moura Swany Santa Luzia de , Figueiredo Camila Alexandrina , Carletto Tatiane de Oliveira Teixeira Muniz 
Published: January 2023

Introdução: os genes SEPT7 e FMN1 têm sido associados a diversos processos fisiológicos e relacionados a doenças em diferentes populações. Objetivo: Descrever a frequência alélica e o potencial regulatório dos polimorfismos genéticos dos genes SEPT7 e FMN1 em uma população de Salvador, Bahia (Brasil) e investigar patologias descritas, até o momento, associadas a esses polimorfismos. Metodologia: foram recrutados 1094 indivíduos, através do Programa de Controle da Asma e da Rinite Alérgica no Estado da Bahia (ProAR),que tiveram o DNA genômico extraído e genotipado, utilizando-se a plataforma Illumina. Dados dos polimorfismos foram verificados nas plataformas NCBI, SeattleSeq Annotation e RegulomeDB. Resultados: foram analisados 16 SNPs do gene SEPT7 e 422 SNPs do FMNI. No SEPT7, 5 polimorfismos genéticos mais frequentes apresentaram o MAF variando entre 40% e 23%. No FMN1, 8 polimorfismos apresentaram o MAF variando entre 40% e 23%. Foram feitas análises da distribuição de frequências alélicas em populações de africanos, ameríndios, asiáticos e europeus. Discussão: no gene SEPT7, não foram encontrados polimorfismos missenses. O rs113220820, alelo G e rs62452781, alelo G podem estar relacionados à probabilidade de um impacto funcional. Os SNPs rs6462629, rs2893514 e rs10232178, com as maiores frequências de alelos polimórficos, apresentam MAF semelhante aos da população africana. Porém não foram encontrados polimorfismos, desse estudo, relacionando às doenças em outras populações. O FMN1 possui 39 SNPs missenses, que pode gerar alterações funcionais na proteína gerada. A presença do alelo G do rs2306277 (FMN1), também analisado em nossa população (MAF 4,6%), apresenta uma possível participação na formação e predisposição do câncer de próstata, em uma população russa. Conclusão: os conhecimentos sobre a frequência alélica e o potencial regulatório dos polimorfismos estudados permitiu conhecer os mais frequentes na população estudada e a possibilidades de associação a doenças em outras populações. Sugere-se que sejam realizados mais estudos.
Educação, Inovação Disruptiva e os novos desafios à formação profissional da classe trabalhadora frente à ação predatória do capital financeiro
Authors: Negreiros Taise Cristina Gomes Clementino 
Published: January 2023

Este artigo propõe discorrer sobre o conceito de inovação disruptiva e como este tem reverberado nas políticas educacionais em um contexto marcado pelo acirramento da política econômica neoliberal. Ele parte de revisão bibliográfica e documental orientada pelo método crítico-dialético para analisar os principais elementos teóricos necessários à apreensão do objeto proposto. Compreendemos que a defesa por inovações disruptivas está relacionada com a necessidade do capital em expandir seus nichos lucrativos e reconfigurar, política e ideologicamente, o processo de formação profissional e humana da classe trabalhadora através de processos de formação aligeirada, restrita às experiências técnicas e desenvolvimento de habilidades subjetivas.
Associations Between Procrastination and Subsequent Health Outcomes Among University Students in Sweden
Authors: Johansson Fred , Rozental Alexander , Edlund Klara , Côté Pierre , Sundberg Tobias , Onell Clara , Rudman Ann , Skillgate Eva 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceProcrastination is prevalent among university students and is hypothesized to lead to adverse health outcomes. Previous cross-sectional research suggests that procrastination is associated with mental and physical health outcomes, but longitudinal evidence is currently scarce.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between procrastination and subsequent health outcomes among university students in Sweden.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was based on the Sustainable University Life study, conducted between August 19, 2019, and December 15, 2021, in which university students recruited from 8 universities in the greater Stockholm area and Örebro were followed up at 5 time points over 1 year. The present study used data on 3525 students from 3 time points to assess whether procrastination was associated with worse health outcomes 9 months later.ExposureSelf-reported procrastination, measured using 5 items from the Swedish version of the Pure Procrastination Scale rated on a Likert scale from 1 (“very rarely or does not represent me”) to 5 (“very often or always represents me”) and summed to give a total procrastination score ranging from 5 to 25.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSixteen self-reported health outcomes were assessed at the 9-month follow-up. These included mental health problems (symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress), disabling pain (neck and/or upper back, lower back, upper extremities, and lower extremities), unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (poor sleep quality, physical inactivity, tobacco use, cannabis use, alcohol use, and breakfast skipping), psychosocial health factors (loneliness and economic difficulties), and general health.ResultsThe study included 3525 participants (2229 women [63%]; mean [SD] age, 24.8 [6.2] years), with a follow-up rate of 73% (n = 2587) 9 months later. The mean (SD) procrastination score at baseline was 12.9 (5.4). An increase of 1 SD in procrastination was associated with higher mean symptom levels of depression (β, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.09-0.17), anxiety (β, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.04-0.12), and stress (β, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.08-0.15), and having disabling pain in the upper extremities (risk ratio [RR], 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.42), poor sleep quality (RR, 1.09, 95% CI, 1.05-1.14), physical inactivity (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.11), loneliness (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.12), and economic difficulties (RR, 1.15, 95% CI, 1.02-1.30) at the 9-month follow-up, after controlling for a large set of potential confounders.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study of Swedish university students suggests that procrastination is associated with subsequent mental health problems, disabling pain, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, and worse psychosocial health factors. Considering that procrastination is prevalent among university students, these findings may be of importance to enhance the understanding of students’ health.
Association of a Liberal Fasting Policy of Clear Fluids Before Surgery With Fasting Duration and Patient Well-being and Safety
Authors: Marsman Marije , Kappen Teus H. , Vernooij Lisette M. , van der Hout Evelien C. , van Waes Judith A. , van Klei Wilton A. 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceCurrent fasting guidelines for procedures under anesthesia are poorly implemented, leading to negative metabolic sequelae. Recent studies in children showed support of liberal clear fluid intake; adult physiology can support clear fluid intake, but implementation studies are lacking.ObjectiveTo evaluate the successfulness of implementation of a liberal clear fluid policy with regard to fasting duration, well-being, and safety in adults scheduled for anesthesia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a quality improvement study conducted from January 2016 to July 2021 at a tertiary referral hospital in the Netherlands. Adults scheduled for nonemergency procedures under anesthesia were included in the study. Patients undergoing obstetrics procedures or those who were intubated preoperatively were excluded.InterventionsStepwise introduction of a liberal fluid fasting policy, allowing for ingestion of clear fluids until arrival at the operating room.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was change in fasting duration. Secondary outcomes were patient well-being, measured as preoperative thirst, amount of fluid ingested, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and administration of antiemetics. Safety was measured as incidence of regurgitation and aspiration (pneumonia).ResultsOf the 76 451 patients (mean [SD] age, 56 [17] years; 39 530 male individuals [52%] 36 921) included in the study, 59 036 (78%) followed the standard policy, and 16 815 (22%) followed the liberal policy. Time series analysis showed an estimated fasting duration decrease of 3:07 hours (IQR, 1:36-7:22; P &amp;lt; .001) after implementation of the liberal policy. Postimplementation median (IQR) fasting duration was 1:20 (0:48-2:24) hours. The incidence of regurgitation changed from 18 (95% CI, 14-21) to 24 (95% CI, 17-32) in 10 000 patients, and the incidence of aspiration changed from 1.7 (95% CI, 0.6-2.7) to 2.4 (95% CI, 0.5-4.7) in 10 000 patients. In the liberal policy, thirst feelings decreased (37% [4982 of 8615] vs 46% [3373 of 7362]; P &amp;lt; .001). PONV incidence decreased from 10.6% (6339 of 59 636) to 9.4% (1587 of 16 815; P &amp;lt; .001) and antiemetic administration decreased from 11.0% (6538 of 59 636) to 9.5% (1592 of 16 815; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this quality improvement study suggest that a liberal fasting policy was associated with a clinically relevant reduction in fasting duration and improved patient well-being with regard to preoperative thirst and PONV. Although a slightly higher incidence of regurgitation could not be ruled out, wider implementation of such a policy may be advocated as results are still within the clinically accepted risks margins. Results suggest that surgical procedures in patients who drink clear fluids within 2 hours before anticipated anesthesia should not be postponed or canceled.
A state‐space model to estimate spawning rates in a Ruditapes philippinarum population
Authors: Hanyu Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Ruditapes philippinarum catch in Japan has drastically declined and its recovery is a major challenge. The spawning rates and egg output need to be estimated to discuss stock management strategies. However, it is difficult to observe these directly in a field survey. This study proposes a state‐space model to estimate spawning rates in an R. philippinarum population using the number of individuals at each developmental stage based on traditional histological observations of the gonads. An example of its application to monthly observed data of an R. philippinarum population on the western Japanese coast is also presented. The spawning seasons were quantitatively detected in spring and fall, and the durations were estimated to be 2.8 months in spring and 3.0–3.5 months in fall, based on the spawning rates. The mean condition factor was lower in fall than in spring, but females with a high condition factor were also found in fall. The egg output of these individuals during the fall may be large. The spawning frequency per individual was estimated to be 6.5 times per year based on the model, indicating that R. philippinarum is an r‐strategy species capable of multiple spawning. Questioning how the spawning rates vary with individual size/age and environmental conditions is essential for estimating egg output in R. philippinarum populations. The state‐space model in this study can contribute to the quantification of spawning rates. The results will contribute to estimating the egg output and stock management strategies.
The effectiveness of a scientific reasoning intervention for conspiracy theory beliefs
Authors: Georgiou Neophytos , Delfabbro Paul , Balzan Ryan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConspiracy theory (CT) beliefs have become an important policy‐relevant research area since the events of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Increasing interest has been directed towards strategies that might reduce people's susceptibility to conspiratorial beliefs. In this study, we examined whether encouraging a stronger orientation towards critical scientific appraisal of conspiratorial accounts could reduce CT acceptance. After completing baseline measures of COVID‐19 related beliefs and analytical and scientific reasoning abilities, a total of 700 adults were randomly allocated to a control or scientific reasoning manipulation. People assigned to the scientific reasoning condition were found to display significantly lower CT belief endorsement post‐intervention as compared to the control group. As well as having implications for the design of future intervention studies, the results of this study encourage a greater focus on specific reasoning skills that may be amenable to a psychoeducation approach, in order to further develop methods to prevent CT beliefs.
Commonly Overlooked Factors in Biocompatibility Studies of Neural Implants
Authors: Kumosa Lucas S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiocompatibility of cutting‐edge neural implants, surgical tools and techniques, and therapeutic technologies is a challenging concept that can be easily misjudged. For example, neural interfaces are routinely gauged on how effectively they determine active neurons near their recording sites. Tissue integration and toxicity of neural interfaces are frequently assessed histologically in animal models to determine tissue morphological and cellular changes in response to surgical implantation and chronic presence. A disconnect between histological and efficacious biocompatibility exists, however, as neuronal numbers frequently observed near electrodes do not match recorded neuronal spiking activity. The downstream effects of the myriad surgical and experimental factors involved in such studies are rarely examined when deciding whether a technology or surgical process is biocompatible. Such surgical factors as anesthesia, temperature excursions, bleed incidence, mechanical forces generated, and metabolic conditions are known to have strong systemic and thus local cellular and extracellular consequences. Many tissue markers are extremely sensitive to the physiological state of cells and tissues, thus significantly impacting histological accuracy. This review aims to shed light on commonly overlooked factors that can have a strong impact on the assessment of neural biocompatibility and to address the mismatch between results stemming from functional and histological methods.
Nonthermal Ultrafast Optical Control of Magnetization Dynamics by Linearly Polarized Light in Metallic Ferromagnet
Authors: Shi Jingyu , Zhao Zirui , Dai Yu , He Jiang , Li Tao , Liang En , Wang Jun , Ni Gang , Sheng Chuanxiang , Wu Di , Zhou Shiming , Chen Liangyao , Zhao Haibin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoherent optical control of the magnetization in ferromagnetic (FM) mediums using ultrafast nonthermal effect paves a promising avenue to improve the speed and repetition rate of the magnetization manipulation. Whereas previously, only heat‐induced or helicity‐dependent magnetization dynamics are demonstrated in metallic ferromagnets. Here, the linearly‐polarized light control of magnetization is demonstrated in FM Co coupled with ferroelectric (FE) BiFeO3 by tuning the light polarization direction. It is revealed that in the Co/BiFeO3 heterostructure excited by femtosecond laser pulses, the magnetization precession amplitude follows a sinusoidal dependence on the laser polarization direction. This nonthermal control of coherent magnetization rotation is attributed to the optical rectification effect in the BiFeO3 layer, which yields a FE polarization depending on the light polarization, and the subsequent modulation of magnetic energy in Co by the electrostriction‐induced strain. This work demonstrates an effective route to nonthermally manipulate the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in metallic ferromagnets.
Stereodivergent Construction of 1,3‐Chiral Centers via Tandem Asymmetric Conjugate Addition and Allylic Substitution Reaction
Authors: Xie Jia‐Hao , Hou Yi‐Ming , Feng Zuolijun , You Shu‐Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a synthesis of cyclohexanones bearing multi‐continuous stereocenters by combining copper‐catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of dialkylzinc reagents to cyclic enones with iridium‐catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reaction. Good to excellent yields, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity can be obtained. Unlike the stereodivergent construction of adjacent stereocenters (1,2‐position) reported in the literature, the current reaction can achieve the stereodivergent construction of nonadjacent stereocenters (1,3‐position) by a proper combination of two chiral catalysts with different enantiomers.