bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflective boundary conditions coupled with the SPH method for the three-dimensional simulation of fluid-structure interaction with solid boundaries
Authors: Filho Carlos Alberto Dutra Fraga 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Fluid-structure interaction occurs, for example, in wave impacts against reservoir walls, coastal structures - offshore platforms in the ocean, bridge piers, breakwaters -, in the sloshing phenomenon, tsunamis, coastal flooding, and biomedical applications. In the three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction simulation performed by the Lagrangian (meshfree) particle methods, the treatment of the collisions of the fluid particles against solid boundaries using a realistic reflective physical approach, replacing artificial computational techniques (such as virtual, ghost, mirror, dummy and dynamic particles, and unnatural repulsive forces) is an advance in the treatment of the contours, in the continuum domain. The benchmark study of a three-dimensional dam-break flow over a dry bed generating a wave that impacts a tall structure – a rigid obstacle fixed inside the reservoir – using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method coupled with the reflective boundary conditions is presented in this paper. The numerical results found are in good agreement with the previous literature data, proving the applicability of the reflective boundary technique – and encouraging its implementation – for the simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems in three-dimensional domains.
Reducing cholesterol level in membrane of live macrophages improves their delivery performance by enhancing adaptation to blood shear stress
Authors: Zhang Mengxing , Li Jing , Ji Na , Bao Qixue , Sun Ningyun , Rong Hongding , Peng Xu , Yang Lan , He Shanshan , Lin Qing , Zhang Zhirong , Li Lin , Zhang Ling 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the live cells-based drug delivery systems have attracted much interests. However, shear stress in the blood flow may cause cell death and waken their delivery performances. In this study, we found that reducing cholesterol in macrophages enhanced its tumor targeting ability by more than 2-fold. Mechanism study indicates that the reduced cholesterol in macrophages deactivated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and consequent promoted transcription factor EB (TFEB) nucleus translocation, which enhances the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the flow shear stress. A proof-of-concept system using low cholesterol macrophages attached MXene (l-RX) is thus fabricated. On melanoma mice model, tumors are eliminated with no recurrence in all mice after treated with l-RX and laser irradiation. Therefore, we develop a simple and effective way to enhance the targeting performance of macrophage-based drug delivery systems.
Specialist Periodontal Referral Knowledge, Attitude and Practice by General Dental Practitioner in Nepal: A Web-based Questionnaire study
Authors: Rijal Arjun Hari , Humagain Manoj , Lamichhane Simant , Ghimire Pratistha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurpose Dentists can administer periodontal treatment as long as they demonstrate the expertise of a specialist. However, without adequate education and training, there is a risk of harming patients by disregarding ethical principles. To enhance the referral process, it is essential for the patient, referring practitioner, and specialist to establish effective communication and ensure they are well-informed and educated about each other's requirements. The main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of general dental practitioners towards specialist periodontal referral. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out for 6 months from October 2022 to April 2023 using a self-administered questionnaire by general dental practitioners registered in Nepal Medical Council. Knowledge and attitude about periodontics, various diseases and referral to specialist for special treatment were analyzed. Results Total of 238 General Dental Practitioners (GDPs) participated in this web-based questionnaire survey. Majority of general dental practitioners (GDPs) reported that they always performed full-mouth and subgingival scaling (193, 81.09%), providing advice on proper brushing techniques (205, 86.13%), advising patients to stop harmful habits (212, 89.07%), and offering diet counseling (122, 51.26%) for patients displaying signs of gingival or periodontal diseases. Majority of GDPs also indicated that they occasionally consult a periodontist for specific periodontal problems, such as the presence of periodontal pockets (143, 60.084%), mobile teeth (150, 63.025%), gingival enlargement (145, 60.924%), periodontal abscess (146, 61.344%), and gingival recession (149, 62.605%). Common procedures performed by periodontists in GDPs' clinics included gingivectomy/gingivoplasty (149, 62.605%), frenectomy/vestibuloplasty (144, 60.504%), crown lengthening (137, 57.563%), and flap surgery (134, 56.302%). Conclusions General dental practitioners play a crucial role as the primary point of contact for patients seeking dental treatment. They are responsible for early diagnosis and treatment of various periodontal problems to prevent their progression to more severe forms. The periodontal health of the general population largely depends on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of GDPs.
Early Clinical Experience in Psychiatry: An analysis of student reflections
Authors: SIDDIQUI Zarrin S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

BackgroundStudent experiences have a key role in their choice of Psychiatry as a career. Recently there has been a move to provide early clinical experiences which may vary from a day to a week. The purpose of this study was to describe the student experiences of an early clinical placement in Psychiatry at a medical school in Australia.ResultsA qualitative analysis of student reflections in their longitudinal portfolio was undertaken to elicit student’s perceptions of the placement. Five themes emerged which relate to the placement, patient interactions, consulting style, health systems and the intention to choose psychiatry as a career in future.ConclusionEarly clinical placements in Psychiatry when designed carefully provide a meaningful learning experience for medical students as well as may lead to subsequent career choice.
Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis at 7-12 mbar by Methanosarcina barkeri under Simulated Martian Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Harris Rachel L , Schuerger Andrew C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

It is widely accepted that ancient Mars hosted long-lived habitable environments, and that habitable refugia may persist in the subsurface today. The presence and behavior of methane gas in the Martian atmosphere makes a compelling case to study methanogenesis as a potential biosignature under simulated Mars surface or shallow subsurface conditions. Methanogenic archaea have demonstrated tolerance to prolonged exposure to desiccation, high salinity, strong oxidants, UVC irradiation, and extremes in temperature, pH, and pressure. We investigated hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis and accompanying gene expression patterns in Methanosarcina barkeri in response to sustained hypobaria (7–12 mbar), low temperature (0˚C), and a CO2-dominated gas mixture simulating Martian atmospheric conditions. We observed statistically significant CH4 production under all assayed conditions, including at 7–12 mbar. Comparative transcriptomics in reference to control conditions (i.e., 30˚C, 1500 mbar, 80:20 H2:CO2) revealed that the partial pressure of atmospheric H2 was the most important factor in regulating methanogenesis. We conclude an extant methanogenic biosphere could be supported throughout the Martian lithosphere in habitable subsurface refugia and microhabitats.
The impact of novel coronavirus infection and Sputnik V / Sputnik Light vaccination on menstrual function
Authors: Fokina M. Yu. , Malikova A. E. , Bakhtiyarov K. R. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused the pandemic in 2020 and significant damage to the health of all mankind. Nowadays it’s still unclear how large the influence of COVID-19 and vaccination Sputnik V / Sputnik Light on women’s reproductive health, that’s why this question is topical and requires researches to be answered.Aim. To find out if there are any changes in frequency of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, length of menstrual cycle and menstruation in women which had COVID-19 or were vaccinated Sputnik V / Sputnik Light.Materials and methods. An uncontrolled (before-after) study was carried out, data collection was made by questionnaire. 344 women took part in this study, all of them were patients of «Family» Clinic. 277 of them had COVID-19 and 236 were vaccinated Sputnik V / Sputnik Light. Processing of received data was made by statistical methods: McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon sighed ranks test.Results and discussion. After COVID-19, there was a statistically significant increase in the length of the menstrual cycle from 28 days (Q1 = 28.0; Q3 = 30.0) to 29 days (Q1 = 27.0; Q3 = 32.0), (p = 0.023) in 30.26% of women. The duration of menstruation after a new coronavirus infection also increased statistically significantly in 20.3% of women (p = 0.031), but the median did not change. In the post-vaccination period, there were no statistically significant changes in both the duration of menstruation and the length of the menstrual cycle (p = 0.793 and p = 0.356, respectively). A statistically significant increase in the frequency of menorrhagia was found from 21.0 to 28.8% after COVID-19 (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant dynamics in the frequency of dysmenorrhea in the post-COVID period (p = 0.152). After Sputnik V / Sputnik Light vaccination, there was a statistically significant increase in the frequency of menorrhagia from 20.3 to 24.6% (p = 0.013). However, there was no statistically significant dynamics in the frequency of dysmenorrhea in the postoperative period (p = 0.581).Conclusion. COVID-19 does not affect the frequency of dysmenorrhea, however, after this disease, there is an increase in the duration of the menstrual cycle and menstruation, as well as the frequency of menorrhagia, which may be associated with the use of anticoagulants as COVID-19 therapy. Vaccination Sputnik V / Sputnik Light has an effect only on the frequency of menorrhagia, increasing it. We need further researches to completely evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and vaccination on women’s menstrual function.
Analisis Kandungan Gizi, Sifat Organoleptik, dan Cemaran Mikroba Biskuit dengan Penambahan Tepung Alpukat sebagai Alternatif Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu
Authors: Suzanti Wahyu Dwi , Symond Denas , Dewi Risti Kurnia 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the optimal biscuit formula with the addition of avocado flour based on its organoleptic quality, nutritional content, and microbial contamination as an alternative to complementary foods for breast milk. The research design was experimental with completely randomized design (CRD). There were 1 control formula (F0) and 3 modified formulas (F1,F2,F3) with 2 repetitions. Each formulation consists of wheat flour, avocado flour and soy protein isolate with a ratio of F0(100:0:15), F1(90:10:15), F2(80:20:15), F3(70:30:15). Organoleptic test was carried out on 30 untrained panelists. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 26 with Kruskal Wallis test and further tested with Mann Whitney test. The results showed that the biscuits that the panelists liked the most were F1 biscuits with the addition of 10% avocado flour. F1 biscuits contained 405.24 kcal of energy, 8.75 grams of protein, 7.8 grams of fat, 75.01 grams of carbohydrates, 2.15253 mg of iron, and 2.2657 mg of zinc with characteristics of yellowish brown colored, medium aroma, with a slightly bitter taste and crunchy texture. and TPC 9×101 colonies/gr, Salmonella Sp. Negative/25gram, Escheria. Coli 3 APM/gram. The formula chosen in this study was the F1 biscuits with the addition of 10% avocado flour. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formula optimal biskuit dengan penambahan tepung alpukat berdasarkan mutu organoleptik, kandungan gizi, dan cemaran mikrobanya sebagai alternatif makanan pendamping air susu ibu (MPASI). Desain penelitan ini adalah Eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Terdapat 1 formula kontrol (F0) dan 3 formula modifikasi (F1, F2, F3) dengan 2 kali penggulangan. Masing-masing formulasi terdiri dari tepung terigu, tepung alpukat dan isolat protein kedelai dengan perbandingan yaitu F0 (100:0:15), F1 (90:10:15), F2 (80:20:15), F3 (70:30:15). Uji organoleptik dilakukan kepada 30 orang panelis tidak terlatih. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS 26 dengan uji Kruskal Wallis dan diuji lanjut dengan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biskuit yang paling disukai panelis yaitu biskuit F1 dengan penambahan tepung alpukat sebanyak 10%. Biskuit F1 mengandung energi 405,24 kkal, protein 8,75 gr, lemak 7,8 gr, karbohidrat 75,01 gr, besi 2,15253 mg, dan seng 2,2657 mg. Warna biskuit coklat kekuningan, aroma sedang, rasa agak pahit, dan tekstur renyah. ALT sebesar 9 × 101 koloni/gr, Salmonella Sp. Negatif/25gram, E. Coli 3 APM/gram. Formula terpilih pada penelitian ini yaitu biskuit F1 dengan penambahan tepung alpukat sebanyak 10%.
Effect of excitation vibration on mechanical property and stress corrosion resistance of cast steel
Authors: Shao Ruiying , Wang Hongjun , Lu Kunyan , Song Juan 
Published: August 2023

Cast steel parts can realize rapid prototyping effectively, which is suitable for complex structural design. However, due to the large residual stress, the problem of mechanical property degradation is more obvious. In order to solve this problem, a high temperature excitation vibration treatment scheme is proposed in this paper. By applying different excitation frequencies and impact forces, the effects of mechanical properties and stress corrosion properties are studied and verified. Based on the finite element software ANSYS, the modal shape and resonant frequency of the cast steel parts are obtained, and verified by the sweep frequency module in the excitation vibration system. According to the characteristics of modal shape, five typical detection paths are set, and stress sensors are arranged every 200 mm. In order to obtain the specific effects of excitation frequency and impact force amplitude on mechanical properties, nine parts samples were prepared on the same production line according to the matching requirements of test parameters. In addition, the main external parameters that remain unchanged during vibration excitation are set as initial 750 ℃ and vibration excitation time of 60 s, which can fully affect the effect of austenite transformation. Keeping the synchronization of test parameters in different samples, the distribution rules of residual stress under different excitation frequencies and forces are obtained and analyzed. In the aspect of mechanical properties, the microstructure, hardness, yield strength and tensile strength of the specimens subjected to vibration were compared and analyzed. In the aspect of stress corrosion performance research, stress corrosion cracking test was carried out in weak acid environment to obtain the tensile stress curve and fracture morphology of the specimen. The results show that the excitation vibration at high temperature can effectively eliminate the residual stress of cast steel parts, but the increase of excitation frequency does not correspond to the effect of residual stress elimination. When the exciting force exceeds a certain value, the stress relief effect cannot be further improved. Excitation vibration can reduce the internal hardness of cast steel parts to a certain extent, and improve the yield strength and tensile strength. At the same time, it has a positive role in promoting the improvement of stress corrosion resistance.
Application of meta-heuristic methods in the optimization of geometrical sections in trapezoidal channels in jump energy loss
Authors: Fatehi-Nobarian Bahador , Nourani Vahid , Ng Anne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Hydraulic jump is of fast altering flow type, within which a critical flow transforms into a subcritical flow, and such alteration occurs within a relatively short path of the channel. In the present study, the impact of lateral angles of trapezoidal channel walls in the continuous form on the relative loss of hydraulic jump energy is investigated. For this purpose, the meta-heuristic harmony search algorithm is used for declaring the continuous lateral angles within the range of 45°–75°. With regard to the hydraulic definition for the hydraulic jump phenomenon, the harmony search algorithm, which is widely used for optimization and continuous problems, is considered as a simple concept of a useful algorithm. The results demonstrated the high efficiency of harmony search in the optimization of hydraulic problems. The highest value of jump energy loss up to 81% was recorded for the angle of 45°, implying the high efficiency of this section. As can be clearly seen in the results, the amount of destructive energy loss of hydraulic jump in the meta-heuristic algorithm is significantly higher than other previous methods.
Multi-scenario optimization model for operation of inter-basin water transfer-supply systems considering cost–benefit relationships
Authors: Cao Minglin , Liu Weifeng , Xu Bin , Wang Lachun , Zhang Yang , Zhang Yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The optimized operation of an inter-basin water transfer system is a widely used approach to achieving optimized regional water resource allocation. The costs of water transfers vary considerably, depending on the composition of the water source, the target audience and the route and distance of the transfer. This study proposes a multi-scenario optimization model for the operation of inter-basin water transfer-supply systems that balances the cost–benefit relationships. A two-objective optimization model is first established including minimizing the sum of squared water supply deficits and the cost of water transfers. Three water transfer scenarios are developed for different cost–benefit relationships. Based on these scenarios, the established optimization model is further converted into a single-objective optimization model to avoid the direct calculation of complex water transfer costs. The model is finally solved to obtain water transfer schemes. The proposed model is applied to the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. The results show that with a contracted diversion of 60% of the Yangtze River, the reliability of the water supply is 78.2% and the water shortage index is 2.8%, which is a compromise between balancing the water shortage index and the volume and cost of water transfer.
H-ZSM-5/GO Composites as a Catalyst for the Hydrolysis of Cellulose
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Ping , Tao Yousheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
H-ZSM-5/GO composites were prepared for the catalytic hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic
liquids of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt to obtain sugars. The materials catalyzed the hydrolysis
of cellulose to produce total reducing sugar (TRS), super to ZSM-5 or graphene oxide (GO).
The results suggested that the acidic sites of both materials and the mesopores of the composites enhanced
the catalytic performance. With the optimized reaction conditions (e.g., ratio of catalyst to cellulose,
temperature, reaction time), 87.8% yield of TRS was obtained.
Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis by Moroccan General
Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Mougui Ahmed , Bouchti Imane El 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Despite the existence of effective treatments and prescribed therapeutic protocols, there is a lack of management of osteoporosis, resulting in increased secondary morbidity and mortality. The general practitioner (GP) is the first-line practitioner for the detection and man-agement of osteoporosis.

Objective:
This study was conducted to explore the practices, knowledge, and difficulties in post-menopausal osteoporosis management reported by GPs.

Methods:
An anonymous questionnaire (19 questions) was created via Google Forms and distribut-ed to 300 GPs via social networks (WhatsApp, Facebook, and Gmail). The survey results were au-tomatically calculated on “Google Forms” and checked using SPSS.20 software.

Results:
A total of 129 responses were received, representing a response rate of 43%. The majority of respondents were women (67.2%). The definition of osteoporosis was variable, with 51.6% de-fining it as a T-score of ≤-2.5 SD, 25.8% defining it as diffuse bone demineralization, and 12.1% defining it as a fracture after falling with low energy. Prolonged corticosteroid therapy was the most commonly indicated reason for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) (81.39%). The calcium phosphate balance was the most requested (90.1%). Vitamin D and calcium supplementation were reported by 74.41% and 54.26% of GPs, respectively. Fracture of the upper end of the femur was the main therapeutic indication (65.11%). Most GPs surveyed (73.3%) were unfamiliar with the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). Most of the GPs gave advice on fall prevention to their pa-tients (83.72%), and 62.5% of GPs monitored their patients' height. Anti-osteoporosis treatment was maintained for 3 to 5 years by 44.96% of GPs.

Conclusion:
Our survey found that the practices and knowledge of GPs on osteoporosis vary wide-ly and often deviate from the recommended standards. This highlights the need for more excellent education of GPs, due to their vital role in the management of osteoporosis.
Can Primigravid Stress Urinary Incontinence be Predicted by Translabial
Urethral Motion Profile Ultrasonography?
Authors: Moegni Fernandi , Nilasari Dewita , Djusad Suskhan , Hakim Surahman , Priyatini Tyas , Putri Meutia Alfa , Iman Santoso Budi , Prihartono Joedo 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
To determine SUI prevalence and its association with urethral and bladder neck mobility among late third-trimester primigravid women.

Introduction:
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a relatively common urogynecological disorder in pregnant women that significantly disrupts their quality of life. Although its prevalence is increasing along with gestational age, there have been reports of underreporting due to various reasons. Therefore, a diagnostic modality is needed to determine the presence of SUI in such a population.

Methods:
A total of 209 late third-trimester primigravid women included in the study between November 2016 and July 2019 were examined by translabial ultrasound. Bladder neck descent (BND), retrovesical angle (RVA), urethral rotation (RoU) and funneling were observed in each patient. SUI was diagnosed using a cough stress test and Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID). Thirty-five subjects from each group were randomly selected for further analysis.

Results:
Among 209 late third-trimester primigravid women, SUI was observed in 57 patients (prevalence 27.3%). The RVA and funneling of the SUI group were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The BND and RoU were similar between groups. Identified risk factors of SUI were body mass index >23 kg/m2 and the presence of funneling in the translabial ultrasound.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of SUI among late third-trimester primigravid was 27.3%. Positive funneling and higher BMI were shown to be the independent risk factors for SUI.