bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graves’ disease and the risk of immune-mediated diseases: Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses in East Asian population.
Authors: Su Tao , Gan Ying , Ma Shulin , Lu Shilin , Zhi Min , Wang Bao , Lu Yi , Yao Jiayin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Epidemiological studies have indicated a frequent co-occurrence of Graves' disease (GD) with other immune-mediated diseases (IMDs). However, the causal relationship between them remains uncertain.
Objective
This study aimed to establish a causal relationship between GD and IMDs, as well as investigate the genetic foundation of comorbidities.
Methods
We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to infer a causal relationship between GD and eight IMDs in the East Asian population, namely, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ulcerative colitis (UC), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), atopic dermatitis (AD), Crohn's disease (CD), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and asthma. The causal association was examined using several MR methods. A sensitivity analysis was performed to identify potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Finally, we performed colocalization analyses to explore the possible genetic foundation.
Results
Bidirectional MR analysis indicated that GD increased the risk of SLE (odds ratio [OR]: 1.31, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.15 to 1.49, P < 0.001) and CD (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.14 to 1.52, P < 0.001), and maybe a risk factor for RA, but a protective factor for AD and asthma. And we found that RA was linked to a higher risk of GD (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.09 to 1.46, P = 0.002). UC and AD may be protective factors for GD, while CD was the opposite. Colocalization analyses suggested that shared causal variants between GD and other IMDs may exist.
Conclusion
This study has confirmed that GD was associated with IMDs. It may be necessary to strengthen detection to prevent the occurrence of comorbidities in clinical practice.
Purtscher-Like Retinopathy and Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy following Breast Filler Injection
Authors: Pee Xu Kent , Low Adeline , Kahar Mas Edi Putriku Intan Ab , Mohamed Shelina Oli , Chong Ying-Jiun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To report a rare case of pulmonary and ocular complications with visual loss due to bilateral Purtscher-like retinopathy and paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) following a hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection to the breast. Systemic and visual recovery was attained following corticosteroid therapy.
Case Presentation
A 27-year-old lady presented with painless blurring of vision in both eyes for 2 weeks following hyaluronic acid breast filler injections by a non-medical practitioner. She was initially admitted to the medical ward for diffuse alveolar haemorrhage and altered sensorium. The presenting visual acuity was counting fingers in both eyes. Bilateral dilated fundus examination showed hyperaemic discs, concentric rim of retinal whitening around macula with pseudo-cherry-red spot appearance, Purtscher's fleckens, generalised cotton-wool spots, tortuous veins, and flame-shaped haemorrhages. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) macula revealed hyper-reflective bands at the inner nuclear layer (INL). Fluorescein angiography demonstrated hot discs, delayed arm-to-retina time, arterial filling, and arterio-venous transit time with vasculitic changes at the posterior pole. She was managed with a tapering dose of systemic corticosteroids. The visual acuity improved to 6/12 over 8 weeks with significant anatomical and functional improvement. Dilated fundus examination showed resolution of initial funduscopy findings. The hyper-reflective bands on the OCT had resolved with subsequent thinning of the INL and disorganisation of retinal inner layers.
Conclusion
Filler injections are in increasing demand and are frequently being performed by non-medical practitioners. Visual loss from non-facial HA fillers is rare. Inadvertent entry of HA into a blood vessel may potentially cause systemic and sight-threatening ocular complications. Good anatomical knowledge and proper injection technique are vital in preventing this unfortunate sequelae. There are limited reports on successful visual recovery following various treatment approaches and we hope this case provides valuable insights.
High percentage of circulating PD-1+ T cells correlated with malignancy and recurrence of peritoneal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hu Huihui , Zhang Man 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint blockade with anti-PD-1 antibody has become a hot topic for the treatment of human malignancies. Here, we seek the percentage of PD-1 + T cells whether predicting the malignancy and recurrence of peritoneal adenocarcinoma, and go further to investigate the positive percentage of PD-1 whether correlate with the progression-free survival (PFS) after initial surgery.
Method
Peripheral blood (PB) from 80 patients with peritoneal adenocarcinoma and 38 health controls are recruited, subject to multicolor flow cytometric analysis of the peripheral PD-1 and Tim-3 positive percentages. 40 cases of peritoneal adenocarcinoma tissue samples are also collected, the method of immunohistochemistry is used to detect the positive percentage of PD-1 in the tissue section. The enrolled peritoneal adenocarcinoma patients are divided by clinical stage (TNM), histological grade, and recurrence interval (less than 6 months, greater than two years).
Result
Compare with normal control’s PB, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, Treg cells, IL-6 and IL-10 exhibit higher frequencies in peritoneal adenocarcinoma group. It also discovers that peritoneal adenocarcinoma patients present higher levels of circulating PD-1 + lymphocytes, Tim-3 + lymphocytes, PD-1 + T lymphocytes, PD-1 + CD4 + T lymphocytes and PD-1 + CD8 + T lymphocytes. CD4 + T lymphocytes and PD-1 + T lymphocytes in circulation are correlated with recurrence interval after initial surgery. In the PB, circulating PD-1 + T lymphocytes and PD-1 + CD4 + T lymphocytes also have closely linked with the histologic grade of peritoneal adenocarcinoma. In the tissue section, the significantly increased percentage of PD-1 expressed on the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is found in the well/moderate grade than the low grade. And the PD-1 also correlates with lymph node metastasis in peritoneal adenocarcinoma tissues. The level of PD-1 correlates with the clinical outcome of peritoneal adenocarcinoma. Higher percentage of PD-1 correlates with the shorter PFS.
Conclusion
PD-1 may have a good predictive value for the immunotherapy of peritoneal adenocarcinoma, and act as the prognostic factor for the PFS.
Characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity of piperine-loaded nanoemulsion in breast cancer cells
Authors: Vitor Letica Campedelli , Filippo Leonardo Delello Di , Duarte Jonatas , Brito Lorrane Davi , Luiz Marcela Tavares , Dutra Jessyca , Sabio Rafael Miguel , Haddad Felipe , Scarim Cauê , Costa Paulo Inacio , Chorilli Marlus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Piperine, an alkaloid of natural origin with potent anti-cancer activity. However, due to its physical-chemical characteristics, piperine's biological performance is limited, with low bioavailability resulting from high lipophilicity and low water solubility. To improve its cytotoxic activity 4T1 and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines, we developed and characterized piperine-loaded nanoemulsions (Pip-NE). The nanoemulsions were obtained by spontaneous emulsification followed by sonication and were characterized regarding their size by dynamic light scattering techniques and their zeta potential by electrophoretic mobility. NE-Pip showed an average hydrodynamic diameter of 102 nm, polydispersity index of 0.2, and zeta potential of -31.8 mV. Compared to piperine in solution, NE-Pip showed sustained in vitro release, preserving the cytotoxic activity of piperine. The formulations presented no irritancy potential in the Hen’s Egg Test on Chorioallantoic Membrane assay. Additionally, the nanoemulsification increased the piperine cytotoxicity against both breast cancer cell lines, as evidenced by the IC50 values. Overall, this study contributes to understanding the potential of drug delivery nanosystems as a novel strategy to optimize the delivery and enhance the cytotoxic properties of lipophilic drugs such as piperine in breast cancer cell lines.
On the scalability of PIV experiments with helium filled soap bubbles
Authors: Guerra Adrian Grille , Scarano Fulvio , Sciacchitano Andrea 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The scalability of experiments using PIV relies upon several parameters, namely illumination power, camera sensor and primarily the tracers light scattering capability. Given their larger cross section, helium-filled soap bubbles (HFSB) allow measurements in air flows over a significantly large domain compared to traditional oil or fog droplets. Controlling their diameter translates into scalability of the experiment. This work presents a technique to extend the control of HFSB diameter by geometrical variations of the generator. The latter expands the more limited range allowed by varying the relative helium-air mass flow rates. A theoretical model predicts the bubble size and production rate, which is verified experimentally by high-speed shadow visualization. The overall range of HFSB produced in a stable (bubbling) regime varies from 0.16 mm to 2.7 mm.
Imaging by light scattering of such tracers is also investigated, in view of controversies in the literature on whether diffraction or geometrical imaging dominate the imaging regime. The light scattered by scaled HFSB tracers is imaged with a high-speed camera orthogonal to the (LED) illumination. Both the total energy collected on the sensor for a single tracer, as well as its peak intensity are found to preserve scaling with the square of the diameter at object magnification of 10-1 or below, typical of PIV experiments. For large-scale volumetric applications, it is shown that varying the bubble diameter allows increasing both the measurement domain as well as the working distance of the imagers at 10 m and beyond. A scaling rule is proposed for the latter.
Identification and validation of cell phagocytosis related genes for prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Zou Mengmeng , Zhong Biao , Zeng Jie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The phagocytosis of macrophages has a certain killing effect on breast cancer (BRCA) cells. However, the mechanism of cell phagocytosis in the development of BRCA still need to be further explored. Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BRCA and Normal samples, and 462 cell phagocytosis related genes (CPRGs) were crossed to identify the differentially expressed CPRGs (DE-CPRGs). Then, functional enrichment analysis was performed on the DE-CPRGs. Based on the expression of the DE-CPRGs, the consistency cluster analysis was performed to select the best clustering method. Next, the DE-CPRGs and DEGs between different subtypes were intersected to obtain overlapping genes. Furthermore, the univariate Cox analysis, the Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, and the multivariate Cox analysis were implemented to identify the biomarkers. Ultimately, independent prognostic analysis was performed. In total, 141 DE-CPRGs were identified. The enrichment analysis demonstrate that DE-CPRGs were mainly enriched in, ‘exogenous protein binding’ and ‘Focal adhesion’. The consistency clustering analysis results indicated that clustering into two subtypes (K = 2) was the most suitable. A total of 43 overlapping genes were screened out by the intersection of DE-CPRGs and DEGs between different subtypes. Furthermore, we achieved 3 biomarkers including IFNG, CEACAM5, and KRT14. A nomogram for survival forecasting in BRCA patients was created based on Tumor stage.diagnoses, Age, and riskScore. This study identified 3 cell phagocytosis-related biomarkers including IFNG, CEACAM5, and KRT14 associated with BRCA. It provides some reference for the clinical treatment of BRCA.
WITHDRAWN: The Impact of COVID-19 in Software Design Activities in Global Software Engineering – A Study from Security Perspective
Authors: Nabi Faisal , Fatima Hina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: The greatest significant global health catastrophe of the century is thought to be the COVID-19 epidemic. Software development is not an exception to how it has affected other corporate sectors around the world. The effects of COVID-19 on software projects and software development professionals are seriously threatened The social effects on Global Software Engineering (GSE) extends geographical, temporal, and cultural boundaries in distributed environments. Over the past two decades, GSE research has evolved to manage software development for distributed teams. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need for comprehensive research, particularly during the software design phase, to support team collaboration in distributed development.
Aim: This study systematically analyzes the evolution of research emphasis in the GSE field, specifically exploring on whether the research focuses increasing on software design due to the global pandemic, also discuss the social interaction gap in design phase of software development.
Method: We systematically analyzed the existing literature in two phases. In the first phase of our study, we mapped GSE research over the two decades leading to the pandemic (2000-2020). In the second phase, we used the forward snowballing approach to examine the literature on the software design phase published between 2020 and 2022.
Results: The analysis of 592 research studies in the two phases reveals various trends in GSE research. Evaluation research is the most explored research type in methods and processes, and human aspects of development. Despite the paradigm shift caused by the COVID-19 pandemic that increased reliance on distributed teams, results show that while software organizations are extensively studied across all software engineering phases, the software design phase remains one of the least explored areas.
Conclusion: This work highlights the evolving GSE research trends, emphasizing the rising significance of collaborative software design in distributed settings. Our findings address current research gaps and underscore (The technical and non-technical challenges involve three dimensions of distance-temporal, geographical, and socio-cultural) the need for further research on software design activities along with social interaction gap in software team-based design. This contribution envisions a more collaborative, adaptable GSE field, guiding future research to support distributed team.
Analysing the seismic behaviour of a post-tensioned LVL building during the 2011 canterbury earthquake sequence by time-frequency representation
Authors: Ditommaso Rocco , Ponzo Felice Carlo , Smith Tobias , Carradine David , Pampanin Stefano 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The seismic performance of a two-storey post-tensioned Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) building during the aftershock sequence following the 6.3 MW 22nd February 2011 Canterbury earthquake in New Zealand is presented. The timber building is constructed adopting the low-damage Pres-Lam technology which combines the use of post-tensioning and massive engineered wood (laminated timber) products. Originally a test specimen, the building was demounted and reassembled as the offices of the STIC research consortium on the campus of the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. Close to the beginning of construction the 7.1 MW 2010 Darfield earthquake occurred in the Canterbury area, however, construction went ahead as planned with the building almost complete when the more devastating 22 February 2011 earthquake event occurred. Standard and time-frequency techniques were used to evaluate the seismic response of the building and this paper presents a general overview of building performance and provides insight into the behaviour of a post-tensioned structure.
Flood Hazard and Risk Area Identification: A Case of Gelana River Watershed, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gemmechis Wendafiraw Abdisa , Leta Daba Biru 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study specifies flood hazard areas as well as flood risk areas of Gelana River Watershed. It specifically aims to investigate factors that create good conditions for flood hazard, generate flood hazard and risk areas from environmental and socio-economic factors using integration of Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) and Geospatial Techniques. The research was conducted using quantitative research approach. Therefore, slope, elevation, soil type, land use land cover (LULC), and drainage density were the environmental factors developed for the generation of flood hazard. In addition, flood hazard, LULC and population data factors were developed to generate flood risk areas of Gelana river watershed. As the result, flood hazard map reveals 64.68, 1769.48, 1345.38, 244.37, 10.73 square kilometers of Gelana river watershed, is subjected to very high, high, moderate, low and very low flood hazardous respectively. It is revealed that 46.52% of the watershed has very high to high flood risk. The rest 47.20%, 6.24%, and 0.05% of the study area has medium, low and very low flood risk respectively. Therefore, the area incorporated under very high and high hazardous and risk areas are located around the Main River and lower course of the watershed. Generally, to overcome the problem, different concerned bodies of governmental offices and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) should give attention especially for those areas put under very high and high hazardous and risk areas of the watershed.
Improved Design MEMS Cantilever Biosensor for Tuberculosis Detection
Authors: Brahma Laipang , Guha Koushik , Karumuri Srinivasa Rao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) cantilever beam bio-sensing system is simulated, analyzed and designed for quick tuberculosis detection using Intellisuite Software. The surface of the cantilever has been coated with antibodies, which bind to the antigen present. The surface is strained and forms deflection once the target molecules are discovered. A variety of models were designed from different materials with varying lengths, widths and shapes of the cantilever to improve displacement and sensitivity. To improve the performance of the cantilever, Stress concentrating region (SCR) designs is included. Materials analyzed in this paper were silicon, gold, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyimide. The highest displacement achieved 4.59×10−2µm with PDMS material for length 300µm, width 50µm and thickness 0.5µm. Improved displacement achieved 9.30×10−2µm with PDMS using SCR Model-2 for length 300µm, width 50µm and thickness 0.5µm. Among shape variants, T-shaped is found to be achieved the highest displacement. For limited size and compact design biosensors modified improved model is designed with a combination of SCR Model-2 and T-shaped with length 200µm which produces the highest displacement of 5.44×10−2µm. The readout method for biosensor design is done in MATLAB Simulink. Piezoelectric material Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT5A) is also used to provide an output voltage. PDMS is discovered the highest displacement and voltage among the other three materials.
Numerical analysis for solidification behaviour of phase change material using MXene nanofluid based thermal energy storage system
Authors: Srivas Utkarsh , Sahoo Rashmi Rekha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The current work looks at a horizontally oriented double-pipe thermal energy storage system with PCM filled in the annular gap and heat transfer fluid (Water, MXene, and Al2O3 nanofluid) flowing in an inner tube from a physical standpoint. The discharging properties of a latent heat-based thermal energy storage system at various intake temperatures (290K, 298K, and 303K) have been analyzed while maintaining a constant mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid.With varying input fluid temperatures, the numerical investigation of the influence of solidification on the liquid fraction and temperature for capric acid PCM-based thermal energy storage has been made. Based on the data, the TES system with 1% v/v. MXene nanofluid at 290K inlet temperature solidify capric PCM faster than water and Al2O3 nanofluid. In the TES system, PCM was solidified by water, MXene, and Al2O3 nanofluid as HTF in 30–120 minutes, 50–200 minutes, and 90–380 minutes, respectively, at an inlet temperature of 290K, 298K, and 303K. At a 290K inlet temperature, Al2O3 nanofluid solidified 90% PCM at 303.37K, 42.37% at 309.57K, and 68.35% at 306.27K. MXene nanofluid solidified PCM 90% during 90 minutes, 42.37%, and 68.35% after 30 and 60 minutes at 290K. Thus, MXene nanofluids as heat transfer fluids in double tube latent heat thermal energy storage are more feasible and valuable than traditional fluids for energy-efficient and sustainable thermal energy storage.
Hydropower Scheduling Under Missing Power Load Data: Optimizing Energy Efficiency and Navigation Performance
Authors: Huang Guangqin , Tan Ming , Meng Zhihang , Yan Jiaqi , Chen Jin , Qu Qiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hydropower stations integrated into the grid system often suffer from imbalance in the dispatch of power generation and shipping benefits due to untimely acquisition of load data. In this study, a dispatch model integrating power load forecasting and multi-objective optimization is constructed and practically applied to Shatuo Hydropower Station in Guizhou Province, China. Compared with existing models, the model can accomplish the optimal dispatch of grid-connected hydropower stations in the absence of power load. The model first uses seven prediction models to predict the power load, and then uses the GA-NSGA-II algorithm (i.e., the improved elite non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm) to dispatch the discharged flow of Shatuo Hydropower Station. At the same time, we set the power load demand value in the power generation objective function as the load value obtained from the prediction and the real load value for experimental comparison, respectively. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the CNN-GRU model (i.e., Convolutional Neural Network-Gate Recursive Unit) is better than the other models, and the values of R-squared and RMSE are 0.991 and 0.026, respectively. The scheduling of the GA-NSGA-II algorithm results in Hypervolume metrics and Spacing metrics better than the NSGA-II algorithm. The difference between scheduling using predicted load values and scheduling using real load values is negligible within 5 (${m}^{3}/s$). The result of optimized scheduling enables Shatuo Hydropower Station to achieve double benefits of power generation and shipping. This method solves the problems of untimely load data collection and inadequate scheduling, and provides an effective way for hydropower station scheduling for power generation and navigation.