bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Worldline effective field theory of inspiralling black hole binaries in presence of dark photon and axionic dark matter
Authors: Bhattacharyya Arpan , Ghosh Saptaswa , Pal Sounak 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We investigate the correction to the potential that gives rise to the bound orbits and radiation from non-spinning inspiralling binary black holes in a dark matter environment consisting of axion-like particles and dark photons using the techniques of Worldline Effective Field Theory. We compute the conservative dynamics up to 1PN order for gravitational, electromagnetic, and Proca fields and up to 2PN order for the scalar field. The effect of axion-electromagnetic coupling (gaγγ) arises to the conservative dynamics at 2.5PN order and the kinetic mixing constant (γ) at 1PN order. Furthermore, we calculate the radiation due to the various fields present in our theory. We find that the contribution of gaγγ to the gravitational radiation appears at N(7)LO and to the scalar radiation appears at N(5)LO. We also find that these radiative corrections due to the coupling gaγγ vanishes for any orbit confined to a plane because of the existence of a binormal like term in effective radiative action but give rise to non-zero contributions for any orbit that lies in three dimensions. Last but not the least, γ contributes to the gravitational radiation at N(2)LO and N(4)LO.
On the spectrum and structure constants of short operators in N=4 SYM at strong coupling
Authors: Alday Luis F. , Hansen Tobias , Silva Joao A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study short operators in planar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM at strong coupling, for general spin and SO(6) symmetric traceless representations. At strong coupling their dimension grows like $$ \Delta \sim 2\sqrt{\delta }{\lambda}^{1/4} $$
∆
~
2

δ

λ

1
/
4

and their spectrum of degeneracies can be analysed by considering the massive spectrum of type II strings in flat space-time. We furthermore compute their structure constants with two arbitrary chiral primary operators. This is done by considering the four-point correlator of arbitrary chiral primary operators at strong coupling in planar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM, including the supergravity approximation plus the infinite tower of stringy corrections that contributes in the flat space limit. Our results are valid for generic rank n symmetric traceless representations of SO(6) and in particular for n ≫ 1, as long as n ≪ λ1/4.
Bringing precision medicine to the management of pregnancy in women with glucokinase-MODY: a study of diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of non-invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Hughes Alice E. , Houghton Jayne A. L. , Bunce Benjamin , Chakera Ali J. , Spyer Gill , Shepherd Maggie H. , Flanagan Sarah E. , Hattersley Andrew T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
In pregnancies where the mother has glucokinase-MODY (GCK-MODY), fetal growth is determined by fetal genotype. When the fetus inherits a maternal pathogenic GCK variant, normal fetal growth is anticipated, and insulin treatment of maternal hyperglycaemia is not recommended. At present, fetal genotype is estimated from measurement of fetal abdominal circumference on ultrasound. Non-invasive prenatal testing of fetal GCK genotype (NIPT-GCK) using cell-free DNA in maternal blood has recently been developed. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of NIPT-GCK with that of ultrasound, and determine the feasibility of using NIPT-GCK to guide pregnancy management.

Methods
We studied an international cohort of pregnant women with hyperglycaemia due to GCK-MODY. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of NIPT-GCK with that of measurement of fetal abdominal circumference at 28 weeks’ gestation (n=38) using a directly genotyped offspring sample as the reference standard. In a feasibility study, we assessed the time to result given to clinicians in 43 consecutive pregnancies affected by GCK-MODY between July 2019 and September 2021.

Results
In terms of diagnostic accuracy, NIPT-GCK was more sensitive and specific than ultrasound in predicting fetal genotype (sensitivity 100% and specificity 96% for NIPT-GCK vs sensitivity 53% and specificity 61% for fetal abdominal circumference 75th percentile). In terms of feasibility, a valid NIPT-GCK fetal genotype (≥95% probability) was reported in all 38 pregnancies with an amenable variant and repeated samples when needed. The median time to report was 5 weeks (IQR 3–8 weeks). For the 25 samples received before 20 weeks’ gestation, results were reported at a median gestational age of 20 weeks (IQR 18–24), with 23/25 (92%) reported before 28 weeks.

Conclusions/interpretation
Non-invasive prenatal testing of fetal genotype in GCK-MODY pregnancies is highly accurate and is capable of providing a result before the last trimester for most patients. This means that non-invasive prenatal testing of fetal genotype is the optimal approach to management of GCK-MODY pregnancies.

Graphical Abstract
Advantages in the production of power transmitting gears by fineblanking
Authors: Nürnberger Anian , Müller Daniel , Martinitz Lukas , Hartmann Christoph , Tobie Thomas , Stahl Karsten , Volk Wolfram 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFineblanking of gears has an enormous time and cost saving potential as well as the potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions compared to conventional manufacturing of gears. Conventional manufacturing of gears consists of at least three steps such as milling, case hardening, and grinding. With fineblanking, only one manufacturing step is necessary. However, the load-carrying capacity regarding different gear fatigue failure modes, such as pitting or tooth root breakage, is stated significantly lower for the commonly used shear-cutting steels compared to the conventional case-hardened gears made out of high-strength hardened steels. This work shows the possibility of utilizing compressive residual stresses that are induced by the fineblanking process to increase the load-carrying capacity regarding tooth root breakage up to the level of case-carburized gears. Pinions and wheels made of S355MC (1.0976) and S500MC (1.0984) are fineblanked using parameters determined in previous works with a focus on the induction of high compressive residual stresses into the finished products. The variants are investigated regarding, e.g., cut surface characteristics, hardness, and residual stresses. For the two steels, as well as a stress relived variant, the tooth root bending strength is also determined in pulsator tests with the fineblanked pinions.
CT-guided percutaneous marking of small pulmonary nodules with [99mTc]Tc-Macrosalb is very accurate and allows minimally invasive lung-sparing resection: a single-centre quality control
Authors: Doncic Nikola , Zech Christoph J. , Wild Damian , Bachmann Helga , Mallaev Makhmudbek , Tsvetkov Nikolay , Hojski Aljaz , Takes Martin T. L. , Lardinois Didier 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The detection of small lung nodules in thoracoscopic procedure is difficult when the lesions are not located within the outer border of the lung. In the case of ground-glass opacities, it is often impossible to palpate the lesion. Marking lung nodules using a radiotracer is a known technique. We analysed the accuracy and safety of the technique and the potential benefits of operating in a hybrid operating room.

Methods
57 patients, including 33 (58%) females with a median age of 67 years (range 21-82) were included. In 27 patients, we marked and resected the lesion in a hybrid room. In 30 patients, the lesion was marked at the department of radiology the day before resection. [99mTc]Tc-Macrosalb (Pulmocis®) was used at an activity of 1 MBq in the hybrid room and at an activity of 3 MBq the day before to get technical feasible results. Radioactivity was detected using the Neoprobe® detection system.

Results
Precise detection and resection of the nodules was possible in 95% of the lesions and in 93% of the patients. Complete thoracoscopic resection was possible in 90% of the patients. Total conversion rate was 10%, but conversion due to failure of the marking of the nodule was observed in only 5% of the patients. Histology revealed 28 (37%) primary lung cancers, 24 (32%) metastases and 21 (28%) benign lesions. In 13 (23%) patients, minor complications were observed. None of them required additional interventions.

Conclusion
The radio-guided detection of small pulmonary nodules is very accurate and safe after CT-guided injection of [99mTc]Tc-Macrosalb. Performing the operation in a hybrid room has several logistic advantages and allows using lower technetium-99m activities. The technique allows minimally invasive lung sparing resection and prevents overtreatment of benign and metastatic lesions.
Misdiagnosis and Treatment of Corneal Complications Caused by Suture Exposure After Buried-Suture Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty
Authors: Jin Xin , Jin Hao , Wang Jingrao , Zhang Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to summarize the misdiagnosis and treatment of corneal complications associated with suture exposure in cases of buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty.

Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed 14 patients with palpebral conjunctival and corneal complications due to suture exposure after buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2020 to July 2022. The patients’ clinical symptoms included photophobia, lacrimation, pain, foreign body sensation, swelling of the eyelids, conjunctival hyperemia, secretion, etc. We recorded the patient's sex, age, surgical method, length of exposed suture, suture type, number of double-eyelid surgeries, surgical site, timepoint when eye discomfort occurred, misdiagnosed disease and treatment.

Results
Three patients were misdiagnosed with dry eye, nine patients were misdiagnosed with viral keratitis, and two patients were misdiagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis. All 14 patients had manifestations of photophobia, lacrimation, pain, foreign body sensation and conjunctival hyperemia. Eight patients had manifestations of swelling of the eyelids. Five patients had manifestations of eye secretions. There were 8 patients with corneal epithelial injuries and 6 patients with corneal ulcers. All patients underwent suture removal without further progression. Ten patients were treated with artificial tears, and 4 patients were treated with calf serum deproteinized gel after suture removal.

Conclusion
If there is postoperative eye discomfort caused by eyelid and corneal complications in patients after buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty, clinicians should carefully check whether there is suture exposure and determine the cause in a timely manner. Suture removal is the best way to treat this complication.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Capturing nystagmus during vertigo attacks using a smartphone: adherence, characteristics, pearls and pitfalls
Authors: Melliti Ali , van de Berg Maurice , van de Berg Raymond 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate adherence, characteristics, and first clinical experiences of capturing ictal nystagmus at home, which can be performed to complement the diagnostic process in patients with episodic vestibular symptoms.

Methods
Patients were recruited at a tertiary referral center in case capturing ictal nystagmus could contribute to the diagnostic process (e.g., to detect or rule out BPPV). They were asked to capture ictal nystagmus with their own smartphone at home, using a smartphone-based adapter (Nystagmocatcher, Balansdiagnos, Stockholm, Sweden). All recordings were analyzed by the last author (RvdB), and the adherence, characteristics, and first clinical experiences were evaluated.

Results
Seventy patients with vestibular symptoms were asked to participate in this study. Sixty-two (89%) agreed to participate. The median period of participation was 86 days. Fifty-one patients experienced attacks during the study period. Eventually, 51% of them provided eye movement recordings sufficient for analysis. Different types of nystagmus were observed: positional nystagmus related to BPPV, positional nystagmus not related to BPPV, functional eye movements, and the absence of nystagmus or functional eye movements. Capturing ictal nystagmus could contribute to the diagnostic process in several ways, including to detect or rule out BPPV, to detect or rule out vestibular origin of symptoms, to determine the affected side, telemedicine, to monitor attack frequency, and to detect malingering. Furthermore, strict guidance of patients was necessary, which could be time-consuming.

Conclusion
Capturing ictal nystagmus can contribute to the diagnostic process in several ways, which motivates to rethink current clinical workflow in vestibular medicine. However, strict guidance is necessary and not all patients provide ictal recordings. In an outpatient setting, it would be advised to use ictal nystagmus recordings on indication, to complement the diagnostic process.
Arc Diagrams on 3-Manifold Spines
Authors: Brand Jack , Burton Benjamin A. , Dancso Zsuzsanna , He Alexander , Jackson Adele , Licata Joan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe develop a theory of link projections to trivalent spines of 3-manifolds. We prove a Reidemeister Theorem providing a set of combinatorial moves sufficient to relate the projections of isotopic links. We also show that any link admits a crossingless projection to any special spine and we refine our theorem to provide a set of combinatorial moves sufficient to relate crossingless diagrams. Finally, we discuss the connection to Turaev’s shadow world, interpreting our result as a statement about shadow equivalence of a class of 4-manifolds.
The Vienna idiopathic intracranial hypertension database—An Austrian registry
Authors: Pruckner Philip , Mitsch Christoph , Macher Stefan , Krajnc Nik , Marik Wolfgang , Novak Klaus , Wöber Christian , Pemp Berthold , Bsteh Gabriel 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Background
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is becoming increasingly more prevalent bearing the risk of visual impairment and affecting the quality of life. Clinical presentation and outcome are heterogeneous. Large, well-characterized cohorts are scarce.

Objective
To characterize the clinical spectrum, diagnostic findings, therapeutic management, and outcome of IIH.

Methods
We identified patients with IIH according to modified Friedman criteria treated at our center between 2014 and 2021. The Vienna IIH database is described in detail.

Results
Of 113 patients 89% were female (mean age 32.3 years). Median body mass index (BMI) was 31.8, with 85% overweight (BMI > 25) and 5% were classified as IIH without papilledema. Headache was present in 84% and showed migraine features in 43%. Median opening pressure in lumbar puncture was 31 cmH2O. Pharmacotherapy (predominantly acetazolamide) was established in 99%, 56% required at least 1 therapeutic lumbar puncture and 13% a surgical intervention. After a median 3.7 years follow-up, 57% had achieved significant weight loss, papilledema was present in 59% and headache in 76% (58% improved). Comparing initial presentation to follow-up, perimetry was abnormal in 67% vs. 50% (8% worsened, 24% improved) and transorbital sonography in 87% vs. 65% with a median optic nerve sheath diameter of 5.4 mm vs. 4.9 mm. Median peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness decreased from 199 µm to 99 µm and ganglion cell layer volume from 1.13 mm3 to 1.05 mm3.

Conclusion
The large representative Vienna IIH cohort characterizes IIH-related symptoms, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcome emphasizing substantial long-term sequelae of IIH. Future analyses will aim to refine phenotyping and identify factors predicting outcome.
Developing a new tool for scoliosis screening in a tertiary specialistic setting using artificial intelligence: a retrospective study on 10,813 patients: 2023 SOSORT award winner
Authors: Negrini Francesco , Cina Andrea , Ferrario Irene , Zaina Fabio , Donzelli Sabrina , Galbusera Fabio , Negrini Stefano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to assess if the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) in combination with other readily measurable clinical parameters allows for effective non-invasive scoliosis screening.

Methods
We analysed 10,813 patients (4–18 years old) who underwent clinical and radiological evaluation for scoliosis in a tertiary clinic specialised in spinal deformities. We considered as predictors ATR, Prominence (mm), visible asymmetry of the waist, scapulae and shoulders, familiarity, sex, BMI, age, menarche, and localisation of the curve. We implemented a Logistic Regression model to classify the Cobb angle of the major curve according to thresholds of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 40 degrees, by randomly splitting the dataset into 80–20% for training and testing, respectively.

Results
The model showed accuracies of 74, 81, 79, 79, and 84% for 15-, 20-, 25-, 30- and 40-degrees thresholds, respectively. For all the thresholds ATR, Prominence, and visible asymmetry of the waist were the top five most important variables for the prediction. Samples that were wrongly classified as negatives had always statistically significant (p ≪ 0.01) lower values of ATR and Prominence. This confirmed that these two parameters were very important for the correct classification of the Cobb angle. The model showed better performances than using the 5 and 7 degrees ATR thresholds to prescribe a radiological examination.

Conclusions
Machine-learning-based classification models have the potential to effectively improve the non-invasive screening for AIS. The results of the study constitute the basis for the development of easy-to-use tools enabling physicians to decide whether to prescribe radiographic imaging.
A concept for comparison of new and aged lubricants in transmissions of electric vehicles and a method of oil aging on a test rig
Authors: König Timo , Cadau Luca , Steidle Lukas , Güney Didem Cansu , Albrecht Joachim , Weber Katharina , Kley Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrently, the demand for electric vehicles is growing. In order to make them even more environmentally friendly, there is the possibility to replace conventional transmission oils with sustainable alternatives that must have at least the same positive properties. Therefore, the properties of a conventional oil must be determined. In this publication, which is part of a larger project, the properties of conventional oil are measured and evaluated at different stages of aging using suitable measurement methods. A test program is designed and carried out including various laboratory equipment such as a rheometer or a tribometer. The results of the investigation of the conventional oil show that there are differences between new and used conditions, even if these are small, as expected from a professional oil. In addition, a test rig setup with a specified load collective is presented to age oil on a test rig. Based on this, the sustainable oil can be aged, tested, and compared with the conventional lubricant in the further course of the project.
Incisional hernias post cytoreductive surgery/peritonectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mac Curtain B. M. , Qian W. , Temperley H. C. , Simpkin A. J. , Ng Z. Q. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is often combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the treatment of peritoneal tumour deposits. Considering CRS, the evidence relating the large incisions, local chemotherapy and abdominal wall trauma to incisional hernias (IH) has not been synthesized. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the proportion of IH present in patients post CRS and the effect HIPEC had on these rates.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Registry of Trials were searched up to June 2023 to examine studies relating IH and CRS plus or minus HIPEC. The most up to date PRISMA guidelines were followed. Pertinent clinical information was synthesized in tabular form. A meta-analysis reporting the pooled proportions of IH post CRS plus or minus HIPEC, the odds of IH in HIPEC versus non-HIPEC CRS and the difference in follow-up time between groups was conducted.

Results
Nine studies comprising 1416 patients were included. The pooled proportion of IH post CRS was 12% (95% confidence interval (CI) 8–16%) in HIPEC and 7% (95% CI 4–10%) in non-HIPEC patients and 11% (95% CI 7–14%) overall. Previously reported rates of IH in midline laparotomy range from 10 to 30%. The odds of IH in the HIPEC was 1.9 times higher compared to non-HIPEC cohorts however this was not statistically significant (odds ratio (OR) 1.9, 95% 0.7–5.2; p = 0.21). There was no significant difference in average follow-up times between HIPEC and non-HIPEC cohorts.

Conclusions
IH post CRS plus or minus HIPEC were in the expected range for midline laparotomies. IH in patients receiving HIPEC may occur at a greater proportion than in non-HIPEC patients, however, there were too few studies in our meta-analysis to determine this with statistical significance.
Trends in outcomes of 862 giant hiatus hernia repairs over 30 years
Authors: Nguyen C. L. , Tovmassian D. , Isaacs A. , Gooley S. , Falk G. L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Laparoscopic giant hiatus hernia repair is technically difficult with ongoing debate regarding the most effective surgical technique. Repair of small hernia has been well described but data for giant hernia is variable. This study evaluated trends in outcomes of laparoscopic non-mesh repair of giant paraesophageal hernia (PEH) over 30 years.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of a single-surgeon prospective database. Laparoscopic non-mesh repairs for giant PEH between 1991 and 2021 included. Three-hundred-sixty-degree fundoplication was performed routinely, evolving into “composite repair” (esophagopexy and cardiopexy to the right crus). Cases were chronologically divided into tertiles based on operation date (Group 1, 1991–2002; Group 2, 2003–2012; Group 3, 2012–2021) with trends in casemix, operative factors and outcomes evaluated. Hernia recurrence was plotted using weighted moving average and cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis.

Results
862 giant PEH repairs met selection criteria. There was an increasing proportion of “composite repair” after the first decade (Group 1, 2.7%; Group 2, 81.9%; Group 3, 100%; p < 0.001). There were less anatomical hernia recurrence (Group 1, 36.6%; Group 2, 22.9%; Group 3, 22.7%; p < 0.001) and symptomatic recurrence (Group 1, 34.2%; Group 2, 21.9%; Group 3, 7%; p < 0.001) over time. The incidence of anatomical recurrence declined over time, decreasing from 30.8% and plateauing below 17.6% near the study’s end. Median followup (months) in the first decade was higher but followup between the latter two decades comparable (Group 1, 49 [IQR 20, 81]; Group 2, 30 [IQR 15, 65]; Group 3, 24 [14, 56]; p < 0.001). There were 10 (1.2%) Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ III complications including two perioperative deaths (0.2%).

Conclusion
Hernia recurrence rates decreased with increasing case volume. This coincided with the increasing adoption of “composite repair”, supporting the possible improvement in recurrence rates with this approach.