bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging‐Guided Cancer Therapy Based on Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles†
Authors: Ma Ran , Hou Yanglong , Wang Shuren 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive SummaryIn recent years, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have received great attention within the field of biomedicine, especially for cancer therapy. This is because MNPs have many excellent physical and chemical properties to provide sufficient imaging information along with satisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, by virtue of various modification strategies, the obtained multifunctional MNPs can further achieve synergized multimodal cancer theranostic, which is worthy of further study. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in imaging‐guided strategies and synergistic cancer therapy based on multifunctional MNPs. Then, we discuss the challenge and perspective of the next generation of MNPs‐based imaging‐guided cancer therapy, hoping to provide guidance in potential applications.
Guaiane‐type Sesquiterpenoid Dimers from Artemisia zhongdianensis and Antihepatoma Carcinoma Activity via the p38MAPK Pathway
Authors: Dong Wei , Ma Wen‐Jing , Ma Yun‐Bao , Li Feng‐Jiao , Li Tian‐Ze , Wang Yong‐Cui , He Xiao‐Feng , Geng Chang‐An , Zhang Xue‐Mei , Chen Ji‐Jun 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive Summary17 new guaiane‐type sesquiterpenoid dimers (GSDs), artemzhongdianolides B1—B17 (1—17), were isolated from Artemisia zhongdianensis under the guidance of bioassay, and elucidated by spectral analyses (HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, IR, ECD). The absolute configuration of compounds 1, 3, 7, 9, 10, and 13 was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. Structurally, artemzhongdianolides B1 (1) and B2 (2) were the first example of the GSDs fused via a C‐13/C‐13' single bond, and artemzhongdianolides B3—B17 were [4 + 2] Diels–Alder adducts of two monomeric guaianolides. Most of the compounds showed antihepatoma cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 9.9 to 170.1 μmol/L. Importantly, artemzhongdianolide B9 (9) was the most active one against three hepatoma cell lines with IC50 values of 13.1 μmol/L (HepG2), 19.5 μmol/L (Huh7), and 19.5 μmol/L (SK‐Hep‐1), and dose‐dependently inhibited cell migration and invasion, induced G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Compound 9 might suppress HepG2 cells via affecting the p38MAPK signaling pathway suggested by machine learning approach, and significantly upregulated expression of phosphorylated p38 validated by Western blot assay.
Safety of loncastuximab tesirine‐lpyl in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with severe hepatic dysfunction
Authors: Baek Grace T. , Huang Ivan J. , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive subtype of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma with a high rate of disease relapse despite the achievement of clinical responses to frontline chemoimmunotherapy treatments. Loncastuximab tesirine‐lpyl is a novel anti‐CD19 antibody conjugated to an alkylating pyrrolobenzodiazepine agent (SG3199), and it has been approved for relapsed/refractory (r/r) DLBCL. Baseline moderate to severe hepatic impairment has an unclear impact on the safety of loncastuximab tesirine‐lpyl, and there is a lack of clear guidance on dose adjustment from the manufacturer. The authors present two cases of r/r DLBCL safely treated with full‐dose loncastuximab tesirine‐lpyl in the setting of severe hepatic dysfunction.
Diagnostic follow‐up of indeterminate pulmonary nodules in the Medicare population
Authors: Pinsky Paul F. , Osarogiagbon Raymond 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundManagement of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) is associated with redistribution of lung cancer to earlier stages, but most subjects with IPNs do not have lung cancer. The burden of IPN management in Medicare recipients was assessed.MethodsSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare data were analyzed for IPNs, diagnostic procedures, and lung cancer status. IPNs were defined as chest computed tomography (CT) scans with accompanying International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes of 793.11 (ICD‐9) or R91.1 (ICD‐10). Two cohorts were defined: persons with IPNs during 2014–2017 comprised the IPN cohort, whereas those with chest CT scans without IPNs during 2014–2017 comprised the control cohort. Excess rates of various procedures due to reported IPNs over 2 years of follow‐up (chest CT, positron emission tomography [PET]/PET‐CT, bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, and surgical procedures) were estimated using multivariable Poisson regression models comparing the cohorts adjusted for covariates. Prior data on stage redistribution associated with IPN management were then used to define a metric of excess procedures per late‐stage case avoided.ResultsTotals of 19,009 and 60,985 subjects were included in the IPN and control cohorts, respectively; 3.6% and 0.8% had lung cancer during follow‐up. Excess procedures per 100 persons with IPNs over a 2‐year follow‐up were 63, 8.2, 1.4, 1.9, and 0.9 for chest CT, PET/PET‐CT, bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, and surgery, respectively. Corresponding excess procedures per late‐stage case avoided were 48, 6.3, 1.1, 1.5, and 0.7 based on an estimated 1.3 late‐stage cases avoided per 100 IPN cohort subjects.ConclusionsThe metric of excess procedures per late‐stage case avoided can be used to measure the benefits‐to‐harms tradeoff of IPN management.
Multimodal assessment of adult attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder: A controlled virtual seminar room study
Authors: Wiebe Annika , Aslan Behrem , Brockmann Charlotte , Lepartz Alexandra , Dudek Dominika , Kannen Kyra , Selaskowski Benjamin , Lux Silke , Ettinger Ulrich , Philipsen Alexandra , Braun Niclas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the assessment of adult attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, the diagnostic value of neuropsychological testing is limited. Partly, this is due to the rather low ecological validity of traditional neuropsychological tests, which usually present abstract stimuli on a computer screen. A potential remedy for this shortcoming might be the use of virtual reality (VR), which enables a more realistic and complex, yet still standardized test environment. The present study investigates a new VR‐based multimodal assessment tool for adult ADHD, the virtual seminar room (VSR). Twenty‐five unmedicated ADHD patients, 25 medicated ADHD patients, and 25 healthy controls underwent a virtual continuous performance task (CPT) in the VSR with concurrent visual, auditive, and audiovisual distractions. Simultaneously, head movements (actigraphy), gaze behaviour (eye tracking), subjective experience, electroencephalography (EEG), and functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were recorded. Significant differences between unmedicated patients with ADHD and healthy controls were found in CPT performance, head actigraphy, distractor gaze behaviour, and subjective experience. Moreover, CPT performance parameters demonstrated potential utility for assessing medication effects within the ADHD population. No group differences were found in the Theta‐Beta‐Ratio (EEG) or dorsolateral‐prefrontal oxy‐haemoglobin (fNIRS). Overall, the results are very promising regarding the potential of the VSR as an assessment tool for adult ADHD. In particular, the combined assessment of CPT, actigraphy, and eye tracking parameters appears to be a valid approach to more accurately capture the heterogeneous symptom presentation of the disorder.
The Isolation, Culture, and Cryopreservation of Human Rectus Sheath Fibroblasts
Authors: Whitehead‐Clarke Thomas , Grillo Alessandra , Mudera Vivek , Kureshi Alvena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe vast majority of pelvic and intra‐abdominal surgery is undertaken through at least one incision, through either the linea alba or the rectus sheath. These connective tissue layers are formed from the aponeuroses of the rectus muscles (anterior and posterior rectus sheath) and are vital for the structural integrity of the abdominal wall. Poor healing of these connective tissues after surgery can lead to significant morbidity for patients, who can develop unsightly and painful incisional hernias.Fibroblasts within the rectus sheath are responsible for laying down and remodeling collagen during the healing process after surgery. Despite their importance for this healing process, such cells have not been studied in vitro. In order to carry out such work, researchers must first be able to isolate these cells from human tissue and culture them successfully so they may be used for experimentation.This article provides an extensive and detailed protocol for the isolation, culture, cryopreservation, and thawing of human rectus sheath fibroblasts (RSFs). In our hands, this protocol develops confluent cultures of primary fibroblasts within 2 weeks, and sufficient cultures ready for freezing and storage after a further 2 to 4 weeks. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Collagenase digestion of human rectus sheath and isolation of RSFsAlternate Protocol: Collagenase digestion of human rectus sheath and isolation of RSFs, digestion in flaskSupport Protocol: Cryopreservation and thawing of human RSFs
Extension of Biodiesel Aging Mechanism–the Role and Influence of Methyl Oleate and the Contribution of Alcohols Through the Use of Solketal
Authors: Türck Julian , Schmitt Fabian , Anthofer Lukas , Türck Ralf , Ruck Wolfgang , Krahl Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe energy crisis and dependence on fossil fuels forces societies to develop alternative pathways to secure energy supplies. Therefore, non‐fossil fuels such as biofuels and e‐fuels can help counteract the resulting demand for existing combustion engines. However, biofuels, like biodiesel, have disadvantages in terms of oxidation stability. In general, aging of biodiesel is a complex mechanism due to interaction of various components. In order to develop an ideal fuel, the mechanism must be understood in full detail. In this work, an attempt is made to simplify the system by using methyl oleate as a biodiesel model component. In addition, other fuel components of interest such as alcohols and their respective acids help to clarify the aging mechanism. This work used isopropylidene glycerol (solketal) as the main alcohol, 1‐octanol and octanoic acid. A holistic biodiesel aging scheme was developed by using generated data and evaluating the role of acids. They epoxidize unsaturated fatty acid via Prileschajev reactions. In addition, the role of epoxides in oligomerization reactions is confirmed. Moreover, the alcohols show that the suppression of oligomerization can be achieved by the reaction with methyl oleate. The alcohol‐dependent aging products were determined by quadrupole time‐of‐flight (Q‐TOF) mass spectrometry.
A novel chain‐based clustering for green communication in wireless sensor network
Authors: Yadav Suman Avdhesh , Poongodi T. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) creates a high requirement for data collected through wireless sensor networks (WSNs), resulting in a lot of emphasis on WSN data collecting in recent decades. However, the resource‐constrained nature of sensor devices exerts heavy constraints for acquiring the optimal network performance. To resolve this concern, this paper proposes the Chain‐based Energy‐Efficient Clustering (CBEEC) Routing Protocol that considers nodes of two heterogeneous levels of energy (normal level and advanced level). The number of advanced nodes in CBEEC is analytically determined and hence are analytically allocated. However, normal nodes are stochastically deployed in the vicinity of advanced nodes. The data transmission is performed among the advanced nodes in the form of chain and from there it is forwarded to base station (BS). Consequently, it preserves immense amount of energy for the network. The performance of CBEEC is empirically investigated with benchmarks of different performance metrics and simulation outcomes showing that the CBEEC outperforms state‐of‐the‐art routing protocols.
Energy‐efficient resource allocation model for device‐to‐device communication in 5G wireless personal area networks
Authors: Logeshwaran Jaganathan , Shanmugasundaram Nallasamy , Lloret Jaime 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn general, there are several many devices that can overload the network and reduce performance. Devices can minimize interference and optimize bandwidth usage by using directional antennas and by avoiding overlapping communication ranges. In addition, devices need to carefully manage their use of resources, such as bandwidth and energy. Bandwidth is limited in wireless personal area networks (WPANs), so devices need to carefully select which data to send and receive. In this paper, an intelligent performance analysis of energy‐efficient resource optimization model has been proposed for device‐to‐device (D2D) communication in fifth‐generation (5G) WPAN. The proposed energy‐efficient resource allocation in D2D communication is important because it helps reduce energy consumption and extend the lifespan of devices that are communicating with each other. By allocating resources in an efficient manner, communication between two devices can be optimized for maximum efficiency. This helps reduce the amount of energy needed to power the communication, as well as the amount of energy needed to power the device that is communicating with another device. Additionally, efficient resource allocation helps reduce the overall cost of communication, as the use of fewer resources results in a lower overall cost. The proposed efficient resource allocation helps reduce the environmental impact of communication, as less energy is used for communication. The proposed energy‐efficient resource allocation model (EERAM) has reached 92.97% of energy allocation, 88.72% of power allocation, 87.79% of bandwidth allocation, 87.93% of spectrum allocation, 88.43% of channel allocation, 25.47% of end‐to‐end delay, 94.33% of network data speed, and 90.99% of network throughput.
Aliens in the thyroid gland: The secondary lesions
Authors: Sharma Aishwarya , Sancheti Sankalp , Somal Puneet , Ballari Nagarjun , Sood Sahil , Dwivedi Ankur , Rathore Deepander Singh , Singla Anshul , Sali Akash 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundA secondary lesion in the thyroid gland is a rare clinical scenario diagnosed preoperatively during the evaluation of a neck mass, postoperatively in a thyroidectomy specimen or in autopsy studies. Even though the thyroid gland is highly vascular, secondary malignant lesions are rare accounting for 0.2% of all thyroid malignancies. Thyroid gland secondary lesions are often metachronous in presentation as they are seldom evaluated in the initial diagnostic workup of the primary lesion. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a useful modality for the diagnosis of secondary thyroid lesions.Materials and MethodsA 6‐year retrospective review (2016–2021) was carried out to assess the secondary lesions in the thyroid gland. Papanicolaou and field‐stained FNAC smears of secondary thyroid lesions were reviewed. Ancillary techniques were performed on the cell block for differentiating from the primary thyroid gland lesions.ResultsThere were 383 patients in our archives. There were only 18 cases (4.7%) that presented with secondary neoplastic lesions in the thyroid gland either by direct extension, metastases or as a hematolymphoid malignancy. There were 14 (77.7%) cases that presented with non‐hematolymphoid secondary lesions while 4 (22.3%) cases presented with hematolymphoid malignancies. Thyroid secondaries were predominantly seen in female patients (female: male ratio of 1.5:1). Most of the cases presented with a synchronous secondary lesion (n = 14, 77.7%) and few metachronous secondary lesions were also noted (n = 4, 22.3%).ConclusionAlthough exceedingly rare, the detection of secondary thyroid gland lesions is important for staging and planning treatment.
The succession of gut microbiota in the concave‐eared torrent frog (Odorrana tormota) throughout developmental history
Authors: Shi Qingkai , Li Yue , Deng Shuaitao , Zhang Huijuan , Jiang Huiling , Shen Liang , Pan Tao , Hong Pei , Wu Hailong , Shu Yilin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiota of amphibians plays a crucial role in maintaining health and adapting to various developmental stages. The composition of gut microbial community is influenced by the phylogeny, habitat, diet, and developmental stage of the host. The present study analyzed the microbiota in the intestine of O. tormota at 11 developmental stages (from the tadpole at Gosner stage 24 to the 3‐year‐old adult) using high‐throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha diversity index analysis of the microbiota revealed that the index decreased from tadpole at Gosner stage 24 to adult frog stage, remained stable during the adult frog stages, but increased significantly at the early metamorphosis and hibernation preparation stages. The gut microbiota structure is similar in adult frogs but differs significantly in other developmental stages. Furthermore, the dominant phyla of gut microbiota in tadpoles were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, whereas those in adult frogs were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia. Host and environmental factors jointly affected the gut microbial diversity and community composition of O. tormota, but developmental stage, feeding habit, and habitat type had a more significant influence. The microbial community in the gut varies with the developmental stage of the host and constantly adapts to the survival requirements of the host. These findings advance our understanding of the evolutionary mechanism of amphibian gut microbiota in maintaining health homeostasis and adaptation.
Spatial analysis of the occurrence of the western conifer seed bug Leptoglossus occidentalis (Heteroptera: Coreidae) in Europe based on multiple environmental variables
Authors: Jung Jae‐Min , Byeon Dae‐Hyeon , Lee Dong‐Hyeon , Nam Youngwoo , Jung Sunghoon , Lee Wang‐Hee 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe western conifer seed bug (WCSB) Leptoglossus occidentalis (Heidemann) (Heteroptera: Coreidae) is a pest insect that causes significant losses of coniferous trees worldwide. In this study, we sought to project the potential distribution of the WCSB based on dual CLIMEX modeling and random forest (RF) analysis to obtain basic data for WCSB monitoring strategies. The CLIMEX model, a semimechanistic niche model that responds to climate‐based environmental parameters, is a species distribution model that focuses on regional climatic suitability. Given that this model can be used to select areas that are likely to reflect the climatically favorable spread of species, which we initially used CLIMEX to evaluate the potential distribution of the WCSB. The RF algorithm was used to predict the potential occurrence of WCSB and to evaluate the relative importance of environmental variables for WCSB occurrence. Using the RF model, land cover was found to be the most important variable for classifying the presence/pseudo‐absence of the WCSB, with an accuracy of 77.1%. Climatic suitability for the WCSB was predicted to be 2.4‐fold higher in Southern Europe than in Western Europe, and the WCSB was predicted to occur primarily near coniferous forests. Given that CLIMEX and RF analyses yielded different prediction results, using the findings of both models may compensate for the shortcomings of these models when used independently. Consequently, to ensure greater prediction reliability, we believe that it would be beneficial to base predictions on the combined potential distribution data obtained using both modeling approaches.
Using diatom indices to estimate the ecological status of minimally disturbed rivers of the Sakarya River Basin (Türkiye)
Authors: Sevindik Tuğba Ongun , Çetin Tolga , Güzel Uğur , Tunca Hatice , Tekbaba Ayşe Gül 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to determine the ecological status of surface waters of different types in a particular ecoregion, the reference conditions for each type should be identified to compare with observed conditions, as suggested by the Water Framework Directive (WFD). In this study, 36 candidate reference river sites of the Sakarya Basin (Türkiye) were sampled three times in 2018, and the biological assessment of these sites was evaluated using 18 different diatom indices. In addition, nine different environmental variables were also sampled combined with epilithic diatoms. Based on the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), alkalinity and pH were determined as the most significant environmental variables for diatom assemblages. Among the diatom indices, Biological Diatom Index (IBD), Artois‐Picardie Diatom Index (IDAP), Descy's Index (DES) and Sládeček's Index (SLA) showed significant correlations with alkalinity and pH according to multiple linear regression (MLR) results. IBD index showed the highest response to the pressures and indicated high or good ecological status of the sampling sites. Moreover, rivers with high water quality status have a high correlation with alkalinity, pH and pollution‐sensitive species. On the other hand, good water quality rivers were highly correlated with total phosphorus and intermediate pollution‐sensitive or pollution‐tolerant species. The 13 reference sites established in this study can be used to assess the ecological status by comparison with the same types of river bodies for further studies in the basins of Türkiye.
Experimental study on rocking blocks subjected to bidirectional ground and floor motions via shaking table tests
Authors: Liu Pei , Zhang Yuan‐Ming , Chen Hao‐Tian , Yang Wei‐Guo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo provide an insight for reliable seismic risk assessment of small building contents, the rocking response of freestanding wooden blocks subjected to 11 bidirectional horizontal ground motion records scaled to various intensity levels is investigated via shaking table tests. Three prisms and three cylinders with slenderness ratios of 2, 3 and 4, and three prisms having the same slenderness ratio of 3 but different size parameters of 158 mm, 237 mm and 316 mm, are considered. The peak ground acceleration statistics corresponding to rocking and overturning of the blocks are obtained. Shaking table tests to investigate the rocking response of the prisms located on different floors of a full‐scale three‐story reinforced concrete frame structure were also conducted. Experimental fragility curves corresponding to rocking and overturning occurrence of the blocks are finally generated. The experimental results highlight that the minimum rocking accelerations are different for the prisms with the same slenderness ratio but different sizes. Moreover, compared with the prism on the ground, the prism on the top floor has significantly higher rocking demand, while the prism on the second floor may have lower rocking demand. Furthermore, the cylinder has higher rocking and overturning fragility than the prism with the same height and width. The rocking and overturning fragility increases as the block becomes slenderer or smaller. The proposed critical rocking acceleration under bidirectional seismic excitation in real conditions is a half of the theoretical one under unidirectional excitation.