bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O CÍRCULO RESTAURATIVO COMO INSTRUMENTO CONSENSUAL DE RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Quinto Brenna Fernandes da Silva , Coelho Leandro Alves 
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo científico, tem como objetivo explicar os fundamentos admissíveis no direito brasileiro acerca dos Círculos Restaurativos e a diferença da justiça retributiva, bem como, esclarecer a organização do Estado e o papel deste à frente dos métodos consensuais de conflitos. Ademais, cumpre explicar a visão da legislação, jurisprudencial e ainda, doutrinária que são pertinentes na fala. Averiguar ainda, a distinção entre os procedimentos restaurativos, quais sejam a Conciliação, Mediação e os Círculos, a fim de discutir os seus conceitos e a importância da aplicação de cada um. Diante disso, será utilizado os meios de pesquisas bibliográficas que atendem ao que é preciso, dedutivo e explorável para que toda e qualquer dúvida seja atendida. Além do que já fora citado, os Círculos possuem amparo no ordenamento jurídico, visto que através de resoluções, tribunais e doutrinas afirmam que é importante a aplicação destes nos conflitos, embora a sua eficácia atinge não somente o conflito, mas também se importa pela pessoa e o seu interior, fazendo com que as pessoas reflitam e cheguem a um consenso e acordos para que vivam em harmonia. Diante disso, em busca de resultados e então respondidos, os círculos de construção de paz, possuem amparo legal no nosso Ordenamento Jurídico e com a sua aplicabilidade, consegue-se alcançar a solução de conflitos, principalmente o que habita no nosso interior, e ressocializa o indivíduo a sociedade.
A FIGURA DO HERÓI NA FOTOGRAFIA
Authors: Madruga Laura de Lizieux Lira 
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo criar a figura do herói na fotografia e seus mitos dentro da sociedade. Para isso, primeiramente, foi feita uma pesquisa exploratória para conhecer as definições e os tipos de heróis através de autores que se dedicaram e aprofundaram mais intensamente no estudo sobre o tema em questão: Feijó (1984); Joseph Campbell (1990); Sal Randazzo (1997). Após compreender o que representa um herói dentro da sociedade, foi identificado como eles se dividem: herói tradicional, herói rebelde e anti-herói. Para entender melhor o que cada herói representa, analisou-se, na prática, fotografias. Além do estudo da figura mítica do herói também foi possível observar a forte influência que a fotografia exerce. O próprio herói é um elemento persuasivo direto. A captura das fotografias deu-se para passar a imagem desejada. Tudo isso para mostrar que a figura do herói faz parte do dia a dia, e como a fotografia utiliza elementos, personagens, figuras e contextos que facilitem no processo de comunicação, atingindo os seus objetivos e persuadindo as pessoas.
أثر استراتيجية المعرفة السابقة والمكتسبة (K.W.L) في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الرياضيات وتفكيرهن التأملي
Authors: فاتن حسام طه  
Published: April 2023

هدفت دراسة البحث الحالي الى معرفة أثر استراتيجية المعرفة السابقة والمكتسبة (K.W.L) في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الرياضيات وتفكيرهن التأملي، حيث تكونت عينة البحث من (50) طالبة مقسمين الى مجموعتين، المجموعة الاولى (25) طالبة تمثل المجموعة التجريبية التي درست وفق استراتيجية (K.W.L) والمجموعة الثانية (25) طالبة ايضا وهي تمثل المجموعة الضابطة التي درست وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية. تم تنفيذ التجربة من خلال استخدام مستلزماتها والتي من اهمها الخطط الدراسية المعدة للمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة وتطبيق الاختبار التحصيلي البعدي ومقياس للتفكير التأملي بعد التحقق من صدقهما وثباتهما. وبمعالجة البيانات احصائيا كانت النتائج كما يأتي:1. يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0.05) وهذا الفرق لصالح المجموعة التجريبية التي درست وفق استراتيجية جدول التعلم (K.W.L).2. يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسطي التفكير التأملي لطالبات المجموعة التجريبية اللواتي درسن وفق استراتيجية (K.W.L)، وطالبات المجموعة الضابطة اللواتي درسن وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية.
Promising Treatments for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Restoring Dystrophin Protein Expression Using Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
Authors: Hu Guo , Chen Chen 
Published: April 2023

Review
Promising Treatments for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Restoring Dystrophin Protein Expression Using Nucleic Acid Therapeutics

Guo Hu and Chen Chen *

Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
* Correspondence: chenchen@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn; Tel. & Fax: 86-27-6937-8422

Received: 10 October 2022
Accepted: 4 November 2022
Published: 11 January 2023

Abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by inadequate generation of functional dystrophin protein. Traditional clinical treatments can only slightly mitigate the progression of the disease, but not completely stem or reverse the decline in muscle function. Therapies aimed at dystrophin recovery are currently under development, among which are exon skipping and stop codon readthrough therapies. They are now used in clinics, while gene addition therapies are in phase III clinical trials. Gene editing therapies have also been approved for the first clinical trial recently. This review will discuss these emerging therapies, clinical trials, and directions for future developments.
Detection of Deep Fake in Face Images Based Machine Learning
Authors: Sabah Abdul kareem Hanady , Mahdi Altaei Mohammed Sahib 
Published: April 2023

Fake face images is a recent critical issue of artificial intelligent due to it has directly impacts on the social lives, and may be made to imply threats against privacy, fraud, and other issues. Currently, creating fake images has become relatively simple due to the powerful yet user-friendly mobile applications that navigate in the social media world and with the invention of the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) that provides a good quality images that might be difficult for humans to differentiate with their eyes and makes image and video manipulation simple to do, quickly spread and hard to detect, Therefor, image processing and artificial intelligence are crucial in solving such problems. That is why scientists must create technologies or algorithms to control and to avoid these various negative impacts by different detection approaches can be applied. The proposed approach is more robust than current methods when propose a model based on support vector machine as a classifiers to detect fake human faces created by machines. The first stages includes a preprocessing that start with changing images from RGB to YCbCr and then applying the gamma correction. finalize the results show that the extracted edges using Canny filter were useful for detecting fakes in face images. After that, applying two distinct methods of detection by utilizing "Support Vector Machine" with "Principal Component Analysis" and "Support Vector Machine" without "Principal Component Analysis" as a classifiers. The findings show that the highest accuracy gained is 96.8% when using the SVM with PCA while the accuracy obtained is 72.2% when using the SVM alone.
De rafelranden van de vernietiging van algemene voorwaarden
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: April 2023

De rafelranden van de vernietiging van algemene voorwaarden
Er zijn vier uitzonderingen op het recht van vernietiging van algemene voorwaarden wegens het verzaken door de gebruiker van de op hem rustende informatieplicht uit hoofde van artikel 6:233 onder b BW. Het zijn er vier in getal: (1) de wederpartij is een grote wederpartij, (2) de wederpartij is een in het buitenland gevestigde professional, (3) de wederpartij gebruikt zelf dezelfde of nagenoeg dezelfde set algemene voorwaarden, en (4) de wederpartij komt naar maatstaven van redelijkheid en billijkheid geen beroep op vernietiging van de algemene voorwaarden toe. Deze vier uitzonderingen worden in het artikel besproken aan de had van in 2022 gewezen rechtspraak.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TƯƠNG ĐỒNG GIỮA CÁC THIẾT BỊ REALTIMR PCR SỬ DỤNG TRONG KIỂM ĐỊNH CHẤT LƯỢNG SINH PHẨM CHẨN ĐOÁN
Authors: Đinh Thị Phương Thảo  , Phạm Thị Hồng Thúy  , Vũ Thị Thu Hường  , Nguyễn Thị Tường An  , Vũ Thị Phượng  
Published: April 2023

Realtime PCR là kỹ thuật phổ biến trong các bộ sinh phẩm chẩn đoán sinh học phân tử sử dụng trên một hoặc nhiều hệ thống thiết bị Realtime PCR khác nhau. Hiện nay cũng có nhiều loại hệ thống realtime PCR, mỗi loại lại khác nhau về hệ thống khuếch đại, nguồn kích thích và phát hiện huỳnh quang, có thể dẫn đến các sai lệch kết quả khi đánh giá chất lượng sinh phẩm. Chúng tôi sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả thực nghiệm in vitro cho đánh giá sự tương đồng thiết bị của 04 hệ thống Realtime PCR đang sử dụng tại Viện Kiểm định Quốc gia Vắc xin và Sinh phẩm Y tế (NICVB) bao gồm ABI7500; Realtime PCR CFX96 Touch Bio- Rad; abCyclerQ (AIT biotech) và QuantStudioTM5. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục tiêu so sánh kết quả giới hạn phát hiện (LOD) trên 04 hệ thống Realtime PCR khác nhau trên cùng mẫu chuẩn và hóa chất sinh phẩm. Phương pháp và tính toán kết quả theo quy trình chuẩn của khoa Sinh phẩm Y tế, NICVB. Kết quả LOD của 04 hệ thống thiết bị lần lượt là 5,2 RNA copies / phản ứng (95%CI: 3,3-8,0 RNA copies/phản ứng), 10,77 RNA copies/phản ứng (95%CI: 7,62-15,24 RNA copies/phản ứng), 14,86 RNA copies/phản ứng (95%CI: 10,71-20,64 RNA copies/phản ứng), 10,04 RNA copies/phản ứng (95%CI: 7,06-14,30 RNA copies/phản ứng). LOD của 04 thiết bị Realtime đều nằm trong khoảng 1-3xLOD so với LOD tham chiếu. Thông qua kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy 04 hệ thống thiết bị Realtime PCR đều cho kết quả tương đồng với nhau. Vì vậy, có thể sử dụng thay thế lẫn nhau trong 04 hệ thống thiết bị ABI7500; QuantStudioTM5; Hệ thống Realtime PCR CFX96 Touch Bio- Rad và abCyclerQ (AIT biotech) trong đánh giá chất lượng sinh phẩm chẩn đoán sử dụng kỹ thuật Realtime PCR.
THỰC TRẠNG PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ ỨNG DỤNG SINH PHẨM TƯƠNG TỰ TRONG Y HỌC HIỆN ĐẠI TỔNG QUAN QUY ĐỊNH CẤP LƯU HÀNH CỦA EMA VÀ FDA
Authors: Phạm Văn Hùng  , Đoàn Hữu Thiển  , Nguyễn Hoàng Tùng  , Nguyễn Văn Hùng  , Nguyễn Thị Vân Anh  
Published: April 2023

Thị trường thuốc sinh phẩm tương tự phát triển và ứng dụng điều trị nhằm mục đích tăng cơ hội tiếp cận của bệnh nhân, giảm giá thành so với thuốc sinh phẩm tham chiếu gốc của nó. Nghiên cứu này tập trung phân tích thực trạng lộ trình nghiên cứu phát triển sinh phẩm tương tự của Châu Âu (EU) và Hoa Kỳ (US) và quá trình hoàn thiện các qui định, hướng dẫn luật đăng ký, cấp phép, đánh giá phi lâm sàng và lâm sàng. Số liệu thu thập từ dữ liệu công bố của Cơ quan Dược phẩm Châu Âu (EMA) và Cơ quan Quản lý Thực phẩm và Dược phẩm Mỹ (FDA) về cập nhật phê duyệt cấp phép thuốc sinh phẩm tương tự trước tháng 4 năm 2020.. Trong hơn thập kỷ vừa qua (13 năm), EMA đã nhận được trên 60 đơn đăng ký cấp phép lưu hành cho thuốc sinh phẩm tương tự với trên 50 loại thuốc sinh phẩm tương tự đã được phê duyệt có sẵn trên thị trường Châu Âu (EU). Kể từ lần phê duyệt thuốc tương tự sinh học đầu tiên vào năm 2015, FDA đã cấp trên 25 phê duyệt cho thuốc sinh phẩm tương tự, chỉ có 11 loại hiện có trên thị trường Mỹ (US). Phân tích ví dụ điển hình cấp phép sinh phẩm tương tự, đánh giá phi lâm sàng và lâm sàng tại EMA và FDA của 5 sản phẩm thuốc tương tự sinh học adalimumab đã được thương mại hóa dưới dạng tám loại thuốc khác nhau thông qua các ủy quyền tiếp thị trùng lặp. Ba trong số này được FDA chấp thuận, thuốc tương tự sinh học adalimumab đầu tiên sẽ không được bán trên thị trường US cho đến năm 2023 do giai đoạn độc quyền của sinh phẩm tham chiếu gốc Humira.
Kết quả phân tích cho thấy: thị trường thuốc tương tự sinh học của EU đã phát triển nhanh hơn so với đối tác US với lý do bởi thời hạn độc quyền một loạt các bằng sáng chế và bảo vệ số liệu khoa học đánh giá thử nghiệm lâm sàng các loại thuốc sinh học tham chiếu gốc cũng đã được đề cập trong 'Kế hoạch hành động thuốc tương tự sinh học' mới nhất của US đã được công bố.
Patterns of Surgical Risk Assessment at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center
Authors: Murray John P , Tummala Sandeep , Chen Thomas , Aldrich Daniel , Reisner Alex , Martin Shannon K 
Published: April 2023

Objective Review preoperative risk stratification encounters performed by a hospital medicine consult service at a tertiary academic medical center to better characterize practice patterns and evaluate the need to standardize our approach to risk assessment. Methods Retrospective chart review of 200 randomly selected patients representing approximately 40% of all patients seen by the hospital medicine consult service from 2019-2020. Results Of the 200 charts reviewed, there were 71 preoperative risk assessments performed and 8 distinct approaches utilized. The most common risk stratification tool used was the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI), followed by the American College of Surgeons-Surgical Risk Calculator (ACS-SRC) and then the Gupta Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest calculator. 19 encounters (27%) used multiple risk stratification tools, while 11 encounters (15%) were not consistent with American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. Conclusion Significant heterogeneity exists within preoperative risk stratification practices in this single-center study. Follow-up work remains to promote standardization in approach and documentation.
Looking to the Past to Improve the Future: A Narrative Review of Lessons Learned from Inpatient Cardiac Arrest Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shin Yoo Mee , Neurgaonkar Sneha , Nave Jessica , Hall Mary Ann Kirkconnell , Hunt Dan P. , Akwe Joyce 
Published: April 2023

Background Inpatient cardiac arrest care had to be adapted to meet the needs of patients and providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Providers working in the emergency department and in the inpatient setting have acquired extensive experience and expertise in caring for patients with COVID-19 related cardiac arrest. We summarize recent reports relevant to clinicians on inpatient cardiac arrest care, provider and patient safety, and effective use of resources. Methods We performed literature searches of the PubMed database on inpatient cardiac arrest, COVID-19, healthcare-associated coronavirus transmission, and others. The authors’ collections of lived experience as inpatient care providers and clinically useful materials gathered during the pandemic were included. Results We summarize current knowledge about cardiac arrest in COVID-19 relevant to hospitalist practice, describe lessons learned to date, and provide practical guidance for addressing cardiopulmonary resuscitation for patients with COVID-19. We discuss literature on risk factors for cardiac arrest in patients with COVID-19; risk of infection for rescuers performing resuscitation in patients with COVID-19 and mitigation strategies; goals of care during cardiac arrest in a patient with COVID-19; reducing the risk of exposure to rescuers (including pre–cardiac arrest care); reducing cross-contamination during cardiac arrest in patients with COVID-19; prioritizing oxygenation and ventilation strategies with lower aerosolization risk; maximizing resources during cardiac arrest in patients with COVID-19; and post–cardiac arrest care. Conclusions Advances made in the care of inpatient cardiac arrest patients during the COVID-19 include domains of patient risk stratification, provider safety, advance directives, and others. Lessons in the management of inpatient cardiac arrest learned during this pandemic are likely to applicable to future pandemics.
Survey on Awareness of COVID-19 Vaccination for General Population Residing in Pondicherry
Authors: Yasir Malik  , Kengadaran Shivashankar , Anusha Divvi 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Government of India has selected the priority groups who will be vaccinated on priority as they are at higher risk. The first group includes health-care workers because they are at high risk of contracting the infection and protecting them helps sustain essential health services. The vaccination of frontline workers will help in reducing the societal and economic impact by reducing COVID-19 mortalities. The next group to receive COVID-19 vaccine will be persons over 50 years of age and persons under 50 years with comorbid conditions because there is high mortality in this category. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the awareness of COVID-19 vaccination for general population residing in Pondicherry.
Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was prepared and sent using Google Forms through e-mail and WhatsApp and the participants were asked to submit the response. A total of 135 responses were received. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and then subjected to data analysis using SPSS software version 23. Descriptive statistics were expressed by means of frequency and percentage.
Results: About 80% of the participants were aware of the COVID-19 symptoms. 91.7% of the participants were very much aware that COVID 19 is a viral disease. Majority of them answered that COVID-19 vaccination may help them to defend infectious disease condition. 66.4% of them reported that vaccination could cause you adverse effect and 52.2% felt that only vaccination could help us from COVID-19 virus. Only 46.3% of the participants were willing to get vaccinated.
Conclusion: The present study shows that there is lack of appropriate awareness on COVID 19 vaccination among general population. People in Pondicherry are fear of adverse effect that causes by vaccination.
Patient Gratification and their Expectation from Dental Professionals- A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: R Shruthi 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Dentist attire has been molded by tradition and fashion over centuries. There have been many changes in thedental field and patient expectations and with increased proportion of female doctors entering the profession has led to changes in dentist dress code. White coats were worn by dentist for professionalism, identification and hygiene, yet white coats may be a source of, rather than a barrier to cross infection. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the patients opinion toward dentist appearance, clinical attire, cross infection control, years of experience, and their expectations from their dentist.
Materials and Methods: Patients attending a dental hospital for a consultation appointment were asked to complete a close-ended questionnaire comprising 12 questions. A representative sample of patients completed 100 questionnaires over a period of 4 weeks. Their responses were tabulated and analyzed statistically.
Results: The study found that majority of patient preferred their own gender dentist and they preferred young dentist with 1–5 years of experience. Some patients preferred dentist wearing white coat while some patients were comfortable with whatever the dentist was wearing. The majority of patients preferred dentist wearing name badge and personal protective equipment. The majority of patients also preferred treatment from colleges and hospitals and preferred dentist who has done MDS/specialization. The majority of patients were more comfortable with dentist who is smiling, welcoming, and being friendly. Some patients preferred their dentist to talk more while some preferred their dentist to talk appropriately and few patients preferred their dentist to talk less. Dentist having long nails and malaligned or fractured teeth bothered some patient while it did not bother some patients and some patients did not notice it.
Conclusion: A considerable amount of research dealing with the professional image of health-care providers has been produced, but very little of this has been specific to the practice of dentistry. Hence, it is hoped that this study will be informative for dental team and the results should be taken into consideration.
Investigation of the combination of intratumoral and peritumoral radiomic signatures for predicting epidermal growth factor receptor mutation in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kawazoe Yusuke , Shiinoki Takehiro , Fujimoto Koya , Yuasa Yuki , Hirano Tsunahiko , Matsunaga Kazuto , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeWe investigated optimal peritumoral size and constructed predictive models for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation.MethodsA total of 164 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Radiomic signatures for the intratumoral region and combinations of intratumoral and peritumoral regions (3, 5, and 7 mm) from computed tomography images were extracted using analysis of variance and least absolute shrinkage. The optimal peritumoral region was determined by radiomics score (rad‐score). Intratumoral radiomic signatures with clinical features (IRS) were used to construct predictive models for EGFR mutation. Combinations of intratumoral and 3, 5, or 7 mm‐peritumoral signatures with clinical features (IPRS3, IPRS5, and IPRS7, respectively) were also used to construct predictive models. Support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and LightGBM models with five‐fold cross‐validation were constructed, and the receiver operating characteristics were evaluated. Area under the curve (AUC) of the training and test cohorts values were calculated. Brier scores (BS) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the predictive models.ResultsThe AUC values of the SVM, LR, and LightGBM models derived from IRS were 0.783 (95% confidence interval: 0.602–0.956), 0.789 (0.654–0.927), and 0.735 (0.613–0.958) for training, and 0.791 (0.641–0.920), 0.781 (0.538–0.930), and 0.734 (0.538–0.930) for test cohort, respectively. Rad‐score confirmed that the 3 mm‐peritumoral size was optimal (IPRS3), and AUCs values of SVM, LR, and lightGBM models derived from IPRS3 were 0.831 (0.666–0.984), 0.804 (0.622–0.908), and 0.769 (0.628–0.921) for training and 0.765 (0.644–0.921), 0.783 (0.583–0.921), and 0.796 (0.583–0.949) for test cohort, respectively. The BS and DCA of the LR and LightGBM models derived from IPRS3 were better than those from IRS.ConclusionAccordingly, the combination of intratumoral and 3 mm‐peritumoral radiomic signatures may be helpful for predicting EGFR mutations.
Cholinergic basal forebrain atrophy in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait
Authors: Gan Caiting , Cao Xingyue , Wang Lina , Sun Huimin , Ji Min , Zhang Heng , Yuan Yongsheng , Zhang Kezhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMounting research support that cholinergic dysfunction plays a prominent role in freezing of gait (FOG), which commonly occurs in Parkinson's disease (PD). Basal forebrain (BF), especially the cholinergic nuclei 4 (Ch4), provides the primary source of the brain cholinergic input. However, whether the degeneration of BF and its innervated cortex contribute to the pathogenesis of FOG is unknown.ObjectiveTo explore the role of structural alterations of BF and its innervated cortical brain regions in the pathogenesis of PD patients with freezing.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging assessments and neurological assessments were performed on 20 PD patients with FOG (PD‐FOG), 20 without FOG (PD‐NFOG), and 21 healthy participants. Subregion volumes of the BF were compared among groups. Local gyrification index (LGI) was computed to reveal the cortical alternations. Relationships among subregional BF volumes, LGI, and the severity of FOG were evaluated by multiple linear regression.ResultsOur study discovered that, compared to PD‐NFOG, PD‐FOG exhibited significant Ch4 atrophy (p = 4.6 × 10−5), accompanied by decreased LGI values in the left entorhinal cortex (p = 3.00 × 10−5) and parahippocampal gyrus (p = 2.90 × 10−5). Based on the regression analysis, Ch4 volume was negatively associated with FOG severity in PD‐FOG group (β = −12.224, T = −2.556, p = 0.031).InterpretationOur results imply that Ch4 degeneration and microstructural disorganization of its innervated cortical brain regions may play important roles in PD‐FOG.