bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über ein Jahr B-Zell-gerichtete Therapie mit Ofatumumab s.c.: erste Ergebnisse einer prospektiven, patientenzentrierten Real-world-Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Klimas Rafael , Karl Anna-Sophia , Poser Philip Lennart , Sgodzai Melissa , Theile-Ochel Simon , Gisevius Barbara , Faissner Simon , Nastos Ilias , Gold Ralf , Motte Jeremias 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Ofatumumab (Kesimpta™) ist ein s.c. anwendbarer Anti-CD20-Antikörper, welcher seit 2021 in Deutschland für die Behandlung der schubförmigen Multiplen Sklerose (RMS) eingesetzt wird. Die Selbstanwendung bietet ein hohes Maß an Unabhängigkeit von intravenösen Applikationsformen bei stark wirksamer Immuntherapie. In dieser Studie erfassten wir die patientenzentrierte Erfahrung bei 99 von 127 Patienten, die durch uns auf das Medikament eingestellt wurden. Ziel war die Untersuchung der Verträglichkeit und Akzeptanz aus Patientensicht.

Methoden
Die Datensammlung erfolgte mittels Arztdokumentationen, Fragebögen und Telefoninterviews.

Ergebnisse
Die Kohorte besteht aus 127 Patienten. Die Patienten erhielten 2,8 (± SD 1,7) Vortherapien. Die mittlere Therapiedauer mit Ofatumumab betrug 9,8 Monate (± SD 3,5). Strukturiert erfasst wurden 99 Patienten. 23 % der Patienten gaben an, während der Erstapplikation des Medikaments keine Nebenwirkungen gehabt zu haben. 19 % bewerteten die Nebenwirkungen als „sehr mild“ und 18 % als „mild“. Hierbei traten Schüttelfrost/Fieber (48 %), Kopf- (46 %) und Gliederschmerzen (45 %), sowie andere Symptome (19 %) auf. Bei Folgeinjektionen gaben 72 % der Patienten keine Nebenwirkungen an. 87 % der Patienten empfanden die Handhabung des Medikaments als „sehr einfach“. Es kam zu einem Schubereignis während der Therapie mit Ofatumumab.

Diskussion
Unsere Studie zeigt, dass Ofatumumab von den Patienten gut akzeptiert und vertragen wird. Im Beobachtungszeitraum ist es zu einem Schubereignis gekommen. Die Nebenwirkungen sind mild und treten vor allem während der Erstanwendung auf. Es konnte keine erhöhte Infektneigung beobachtet werden. Die Daten legen nahe, dass Ofatumumab auch in der Real-world-Anwendung eine wirksame und sichere Therapieoption für Patienten mit einer schubförmig remittierenden multiplen Sklerose ist.
Metal budget and origin of aqueous brines depositing deep-seated Zn-Pb mineralization linked to hydrocarbon reservoirs, North German Basin
Authors: Sośnicka Marta , Lüders Volker , Duschl Florian , Kraemer Dennis , Laurent Oscar , Niedermann Samuel , Banks David A. , Wilke Franziska , Wohlgemuth-Ueberwasser Cora , Wiedenbeck Michael 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe origin, evolution, and interplay of brine and hydrocarbon fluid systems play a crucial role in the formation of deep sediment-hosted base metal ore deposits. Here we investigate ratios of halogens, noble gases, stable C and S isotopes, and metal budgets of aqueous brines, which deposited deep-seated and near-surface hydrothermal Zn-Pb mineralization hosted by Zechstein carbonates in the Lower Saxony Basin (North German Basin), by studies of fluid inclusions in sphalerite and quartz. Major and trace element geochemistry and noble gas isotopic signatures of brine inclusions revealed that the ore-forming fluids were highly reactive and experienced prolonged interactions with host rocks in the constricted, over-pressured metal source regions and consequently evolved from near-neutral, oxidized brines towards more reduced, acidic high-salinity brines. Quartz-hosted halite-saturated fluid inclusions with Th <200°C contain Zn and Pb concentrations up to ca. 9400 μg g-1 and 5200 μg g-1, respectively, and indicate the efficiency of metal scavenging processes. The interactions with Westphalian coals and Corg-rich shales influenced the redox state as well as the trace and critical element budget of the sphalerite-hosted fluid inclusions, with enrichment in Ge, Pd, Sb, Tl, Bi, and Ag. The salinities of metalliferous fluids originated primarily from seawater evaporation, however in addition a significant halite-dissolution component is present in the southern part of the Lower Saxony Basin. High concentrations of radiogenic noble gases and potassium in the sphalerite-hosted fluid inclusions are ascribed to strong interactions with the Paleozoic siliciclastic sedimentary pile and crystalline basement rocks. Reflux of the strongly modified, sulfur-poor, Zn-Pb-bearing acidic brines, proceeded via re-activated structurally controlled pathways into sour gas or gas-saturated brine pools in the Zechstein Ca2 carbonate unit. Here, mixing of the ascending metal-rich brines with H2S derived from thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR), resulted in the deposition of deep-seated Zn-Pb ores in the Lower Saxony Basin. The overall timing of the Zn-Pb ore formation can be constrained to the Upper Cretaceous basin inversion.
An effective validation of analytical method for determination of a polar complexing agent: the illustrative case of cytotoxic bleomycin
Authors: Plesnik Helena , Bosnjak Masa , Cemazar Maja , Sersa Gregor , Kosjek Tina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe effectiveness of highly polar agents in cancer treatment is well recognized, but their physicochemical properties make their analytical determination a demanding task. Their analysis requires peculiar sample preparation and chromatographic separation, which heavily impacts the precision of such an analytical method. As a case study, we chose a polar cytotoxic bleomycin, which is a mixture of complexing congeners with relatively high molecular mass, a fact that creates an added challenge in regard to its detection via electrospray mass spectrometry. These issues combined lead to a deprived method performance, so the aim of this study is manifold, i.e., to optimize, validate, and establish quality performance measures for determination of bleomycin in pharmaceutical and biological specimens. Quantification of bleomycin is done at diametrically different concentration levels: at the concentrations relevant for analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms it is based on a direct reversed-phase HPLC-UV detection, involving minimum sample pretreatment. On the contrary, analysis of bleomycin in biological specimens requires phospholipid removal and protein precipitation followed by HILIC chromatography with MS/MS detection of bleomycin A2 and B2 copper complexes being the predominant species. This study further attempts to solve the traceability issue in the absence of certified reference standards, determines measurement uncertainty, investigates BLM stability and method performance characteristics, and, last but not least, provides an explanatory example of how a method quality assurance procedure should be established in case of an exceedingly complex analytical method.
Graphical abstract
Fake Science – zwielichtige Wissenschaft
Authors: Lenz Hans-J. 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Folgenden wird die erschreckende Breite von Fake Science vor Augen geführt. Da ist zum einen die von Wirtschaft und Industrie finanzierte, zweckgebundene Auftragsforschung, deren Forschungsziel es einzig ist, nicht Hypothesen zu bestätigen oder zu beweisen, sondern Verwirrung unter der Bevölkerung beim Kausalzusammenhang von gesellschaftlichen Phänomenen zu stiften. Der Zusammenhang von Rauchen und Lungenkrebs fällt hier runter. Zum anderen wird die Aufrichtigkeit des gesamten Wissenschaftsbetriebs ausgehebelt, indem Pseudoverlage und -tagungen (vermeintlichen) Wissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit bieten, Manuskripte ungeprüft zu veröffentlichen oder Vorträge zu halten, deren Inhalt fragwürdig oder sogar Unsinn ist. Wie immer beim Datenbetrug bilden Profit oder Prestige den Antriebsmotor.
Synthesis of novel antibacterial grafted sodium alginate copolymer-based adsorbent for wastewater treatment
Authors: Darwesh Hebatallah , Mohamed Riham R. , Soliman Soliman M. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGrafting of styrene (S) onto biopolymer Sodium Alginate (NaAlg) via free-radical polymerization forming (NaAlg-g-PS), using potassium persulfate K2S2O8 (KPS) as initiator. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) characterized the formed grafted copolymer and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to show changes in the surface morphology of sodium alginate, which occurred due to the grafting process. The effect of various grafting parameters on Sodium Alginate as; Styrene and KPS concentration, the grafting temperature, and grafting time is studied. The adsorption of the grafted copolymer to both cationic dye (Malachite Green) and anionic dye (Congo Red) was investigated. In addition to the effect of the adsorption of the grafted copolymer for toxic heavy metals such as Cu2+, Cr6+, Ni2+, and Co2+. The order of the metal adsorption by grafted copolymer is Cr6+ > Cu2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+. The biological activity of the grafted copolymer was shown toward Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gram-negative), and Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) using the agar diffusion method. The obtained results showed excellent improvement in the antibacterial activity of the alginate against Bacillus subtilis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae by the grafting process.
Graphical abstract
The relationship between elastography-based muscle properties and vertical jump performance, countermovement utilization ratio, and rate of force development
Authors: Djurić Daniel , Pleša Jernej , Van Hooren Bas , Kozinc Žiga , Šarabon Nejc 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study explored the relationships between passive muscle stiffness (shear modulus) and vertical jumping performance, countermovement utilization ratio (CUR) and rate of force development (RFD) in an attempt to unravel the mechanism that may explain the association between shear modulus and performance. 32 recreationally active participants (16 males, 16 females; age: 22.4 ± 5.1 years) participated. Shear modulus was assessed for the lateral and medial gastrocnemius (GL and GM), and vastus medialis (VM) and lateralis (VL) muscles using shear wave elastography. Squat jump (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jump were determined, with CUR being expressed as the ratio between the two. RFD in ankle and knee extension tasks was measured using isometric dynamometers. Our results suggest that within a heterogeneous group of recreational athletes, passive muscle stiffness is not related to RFD and jump performance, but positively related to CUR. In males, shear modulus of the GL was positively related to SJ height (r = 0.55). We also found inverse moderate correlations between VL and VM shear modulus and RFD in females only (r = –0.50 to –0.51), but this relationship was possibly affected by age and body fat content. Different mechanisms may underpin the association between shear modulus and performance depending on the muscle, task and population investigated.
Motor skills at 7 years of age and spinal pain at 11 years of age: a cohort study of 26,000 preadolescents
Authors: Hestbæk L. , Kamper S. J. , Hartvigsen J. , Falch-Joergensen A. C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the relationship between motor skills at age 7 and spinal pain at age 11. The study included participants from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Data on motor skills were obtained from the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire, completed by the mothers when the children were 7 years old, and spinal pain was self-reported at age 11 for frequency and intensity of neck, mid back, and low back pain. This was categorized into “no,” “moderate,” or “severe” pain, based on frequency and pain intensity. Associations were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models. Data on both motor skills and spinal pain was available for 25,000 children. There was a consistent pattern of reporting more neck or mid back pain at age 11 for those with lower levels of fine motor skills and coordination scores at age 11. The relationship was significant for severe pain (the highest relative risk ratio being 1.87 and the lowest 1.18), but not for moderate pain (the highest relative risk ratio being 1.22 and the lowest 1.07). Gross motor skills were not associated with spinal pain, and there was no relationship between low back pain and motor skills. Conclusion: Our results indicate a link between motor development at 7 years of age and neck and mid back pain, but not low back pain, at 11 years of age. Improvement of motor skills in young children might reduce the future burden of neck and mid back pain and should be a target of future research.

What is Known:

• Spinal pain in preadolescence and adolescence is common and
predisposes to spinal pain in adulthood.

• Motor skills influence the biomechanics of movement and therefore has a
potential impact on musculoskeletal health.

What is New:

• Poor fine motor- and coordination skills in childhood were associated with increased risk of severe neck- or mid back pain, but not low back pain, four 4 years later.

• Poor gross motor skills were not associated with higher risk of later spinal pain.
Synthesis and characterization of polyacrylamide-based biomimetic underwater adhesives
Authors: Pühringer Manuel , Paulik Christian , Bretterbauer Klaus 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdhesion in an aqueous environment is still a challenging topic. In recent years, the focus on biomimetic adhesives inspired by mussel proteins has greatly increased. The present paper focuses on a straightforward synthesis route for three biomimetic polymers with opportunity in a multi-gram scale and an overall yield of 83% over three steps. Two synthesized monomers combined with commercially available monomers are the basis for three different co-polymers with varying catechol content with nature inspired concentrations. Catechol-bearing monomers were protected prior to polymerization. Tensile tests in dry or wet conditions were performed with the deprotected polymers. The measured adhesion values determined via tensile tests increase with the amount of catechol introduced in the polymers and the highest adhesion values of 2.0 MPa for underwater adhesion were found for poly(phenethyl acrylamide co dopamine acrylamide) co-polymers.
Graphical abstract
Sacral neuromodulation for refractory ulcerative colitis: safety and efficacy in a prospective observational series of eight patients
Authors: Drissi Farouk , Bourreille Arnaud , Neunlist Michel , Meurette Guillaume 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment is mainly based on immunosuppressive therapy. As anti-inflammatory effects of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) have been previously reported in animal models, we conducted a pilot study aimed at assessing clinical, biological, and endoscopic response but also safety of SNM use in UC refractory to medical therapy.

Methods
Adult patients with histologically proven UC resistant to immunosuppressive therapy were invited to enroll in the study. Primary outcome was the rate of UC remission (UCDAI score ≤ 2, without any criteria > 1) at 8 weeks (W8). Secondary outcomes were biological and endoscopic response also evaluated at W8 and W16. Subsequently, every patient was followed every 6 months. Adverse events were prospectively collected for safety assessment during the follow-up.

Results
Eight patients, with mean age 47 years old, suffering from UC for 2–13 years were included. There were no complications in relation to SNM procedure. The acceptance of the device was excellent in all patients. Clinical and endoscopic remission was obtained at W8 in one patient (12.5%) and three other patients (37.5%) were responders at W16. At review (mean follow-up of 4 years), two patients (25%) were in remission and two (25%) were responders.

Conclusion
SNM application is safe in patients suffering from refractory UC. Effects on disease activity were mainly observed after 16 weeks. Larger prospective studies are mandatory, but SNM could be a way to reinforce medical therapy and reduce the use of immunosuppressive drugs.
Knowledge, perception, and practices regarding climate change among students of Al-Azhar University for Girls in Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Elsharkawy Safaa Abdelfattah , Elsheikh Asmaa Abdelghany , Refaat Laila Abdel Raheem 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aim
To assess knowledge, perception, and practices regarding climate change (CC) among university students and to investigate the relationships between knowledge levels and reported practices in response to CC.

Subject and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 768 undergraduate students from the practical and theoretical faculties of Al-Azhar University for Girls in Cairo.

Results
Most (82.6%) students had heard the term CC and believed it affected their communities. Approximately 57.8% of the students possessed good knowledge about the causes and impacts of CC. The utilization of renewable energy sources, reduction of industrial pollution, and proper waste disposal were mentioned by over 90% of the students as measures to cope with CC. The most popular practices among participants were using energy-efficient lightbulbs (89.2%), short distance walking rather than riding (65.4%), and using public transportation rather than private cars (65%). There were significant positive relationships between the students’ knowledge and practice of environmentally friendly actions. In addition, participants’ residence, faculty, and information sources were significantly related to their knowledge.

Conclusions
Most of the university students were aware of CC and strongly agreed with the general mitigation measures, but they had insufficient knowledge and inadequate practices. CC education focusing on its causes and explaining its relationship with daily activities is highly recommended for youth so that they can adopt climate-friendly practices.
A scoping review of therapeutic reasoning process research
Authors: Duong Quang Hung , Pham To Nhu , Reynolds Lorenna , Yeap Yan , Walker Steven , Lyons Kayley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTherapeutic reasoning is when the purpose, task, or goal for engaging in reasoning is to determine the patient’s management plan. As the field’s understanding of the process of therapeutic reasoning is less well understood, we focused on studies that collected data on the process of therapeutic reasoning. To synthesize previous studies of therapeutic reasoning characteristics, methodological approaches, theoretical underpinnings, and results. We conducted a scoping review with systematic searching for English language articles with no date limits. Databases included MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Embase, Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global, and ERIC. Search terms captured therapeutic reasoning in health professions education research. Initial search yielded 5450 articles. The title and abstract screening yielded 180 articles. After full-text review, 87 studies were included in this review. Articles were excluded if they were outside health professions education, did not collect data on the process of therapeutic reasoning, were not empirical studies, or not focused on therapeutic reasoning. We analyzed the included articles according to scoping questions using qualitative content analysis. 87 articles dated from 1987 to 2019 were included. Several study designs were employed including think-aloud protocol, interview and written documentation. More than half of the articles analyzed the data using qualitative coding. Authors often utilized several middle-range theories to explain therapeutic reasoning processes. The hypothetico-deductive model was most frequently mentioned. The included articles rarely built off the results from previous studies. Six key result categories were found: identifying themes, characterizing and testing previous local theory, exploring factors, developing new local theory, testing tools, and testing hypothesis. Despite the cast body of therapeutic reasoning research, individual study results remain isolated from previous studies. Our future recommendations include synthesizing pre-existing models, developing novel methodologies, and investigating other aspects of therapeutic reasoning.
Measuring the end of hunger: Knowledge politics in the selection of SDG food security indicators
Authors: Iversen Thor Olav , Westengen Ola , Jerven Morten 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEnding world hunger remains one of the central global challenges, but the question of how to measure and define the problem is politically charged. This article chronicles and analyses the indicator selection process for SDG 2.1, focusing in particular on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) indicator. Despite alleged efforts to separate political and technical aspects in the indicator selection process we find that they were entangled from the start. While there was significant contestation around which indicators should be selected, the process was characterized by pathway lock-in: The complexity of food security quantification and the resource constraints in the process favored already established data infrastructures and milieus of expertise, locking in the position of FAO and its established food security indicators. The SDG 2.1 indicators frame food insecurity in terms of caloric supply and demand and individual experience, arguably excluding dimensions of democratic agency, sustainability and other dimensions and drivers of food insecurity. The lock-in has thus embedded a narrow concept of food security in the major global indicator framework for food security monitoring. This is likely to have significant effects on how food insecurity is addressed nationally and internationally. Addressing the knowledge politics of food security indicators is important to broaden and open the agenda for sustainable transformation of food systems. Statistics and indicators are important tools in this agenda, but a diversity of approaches and data infrastructures from the local to the international level are needed to understand the multiple dimensions and drivers of food insecurity.
An essential role for the Ino80 chromatin remodeling complex in regulation of gene expression during cellular quiescence
Authors: Zahedi Yasaman , Zeng Shengyuan , Ekwall Karl 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCellular quiescence is an important physiological state both in unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes. Quiescent cells are halted for proliferation and stop the cell cycle at the G0 stage. Using fission yeast as a model organism, we have previously found that several subunits of a conserved chromatin remodeling complex, Ino80C (INOsitol requiring nucleosome remodeling factor), are required for survival in quiescence. Here, we demonstrate that Ino80C has a key function in the regulation of gene expression in G0 cells. We show that null mutants for two Ino80C subunits, Iec1 and Ies2, a putative subunit Arp42, a null mutant for the histone variant H2A.Z, and a null mutant for the Inositol kinase Asp1 have very similar phenotypes in quiescence. These mutants show reduced transcription genome-wide and specifically fail to activate 149 quiescence genes, of which many are localized to the subtelomeric regions. Using spike in normalized ChIP-seq experiments, we show that there is a global reduction of H2A.Z levels in quiescent wild-type cells but not in iec1∆ cells and that a subtelomeric chromosome boundary element is strongly affected by Ino80C. Based on these observations, we propose a model in which Ino80C is evicting H2A.Z from chromatin in quiescent cells, thereby inactivating the subtelomeric boundary element, leading to a reorganization of the chromosome structure and activation of genes required to survive in quiescence.