bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Antioxidant Activity and Quantum-chemical Calculations of 2-aminopyrroles
Authors: Zykova S. S. , Gankova K. L. , Shustov M. V. , Igidov N. M. , Borisevich S. S. , Ilyina M. G. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Modern therapy defines oxidative stress as one of the key links in the pathogenesis of different diseases, which makes the search for new low molecular weight antioxidants actual [1]. The widely used methods are imperfect, since they reflects reactivity of the sample under artificial conditions [2–4]. The proposed technique of using the "Ecolum" biosensor makes it possible to preserve the advantages of in vitro methods and improve the accuracy of determination through the use of biological reactions of cells [5, 6].Aim. Studying of the antiradical and antioxidant activity of 2-aminopyrroles, using in vitro methods and quantum-chemical calculations. Materials and methods. Earlier, derivatives of 2-aminopyrroles were obtained. Antiradical activity of the compounds was studied using the DPPH test (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Antioxidant activity was evaluated on the model of oxidative stress using the «Ecolum» biosensor. The calculation data of the indices of reactivity in the approximation of the gas phase were obtained using quantum-chemical methods.Results and discussion. The antioxidant activity test indicated a higher antioxidant potential of 2a, compared to 2b. Antiradical activity test revealed a greater antiradical potential of 2b. Quantum-chemical calculations showed that 2b is characterized by a higher ionization potential, which may indicate its greater resistance to oxidation compared to 2a.Conclusion. The study of the antiradical and antioxidant activity of 2-aminopyrroles showed the importance of developing a methodology for the search for new antioxidants, because of antiradical activity test deviations, compared to living cell reactions.
Study of Antifungal Activity of Experimental Soft Dosage Form Based on the Hydrazone Derivative of Getarylamide 4-phenyl-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid
Authors: Sobin F. V. , Pulina N. A. , Novikova V. V. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Recently, there has been a significant increase in fungal infections. The most common is vulvovaginal candidiasis, affecting millions of women worldwide. Resistance is formed to existing antifungal drugs, and they are not devoid of side effects. Previously, we have shown high antimicrobial activity of derivatives of 4-R-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenic acids. The creation of soft dosage forms based on them and the study of antifungal action is promising.Aim. To develop experimental soft dosage forms based on one of the most active derivatives of 4-R-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenic acids and to evaluate the effect of the ointment composition of the ointment composition on the severity of antifungal action.Materials and methods. As a pharmacologically active component, a hydrazone derivative of 4-phenyl-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid synthesized by us was used, which has pronounced antifungal activity. 8 experimental soft dosage forms based on hydrophobic and hydrophilic character have been developed. The active substance in a concentration of 1 % was introduced by standard technological methods according to the rules for the manufacture of dermatological ointments. To determine the antifungal activity of the ointments obtained, a three-nesting variant of the agar diffusion method was used. Comparison preparations are 2 % cream "Pimafucin" and 1 % cream "Clotrimazole".Results and discussion. All the studied experimental soft dosage forms showed antifungal effects of varying degrees of severity. The greatest pharmacological effect was found in ointment compositions based on hydrophilic components of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose and polyethylene oxides. Their antifungal effect is comparable or exceeds the effect of comparison drugs.Conclusion. 8 experimental soft dosage forms based on a derivative of 4-phenyl-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenic acid have been developed. Their antifungal activity has been studied. Two most active samples of experimental ointments were selected for further in-depth study.
Development and Validation of Conditions for the Determination of Residual Organic Solvents – Acetic Acid in the Silver Salt Substance 4-[4-(atsetilaminosul'fonil)fenil]-6-(4-bromfenil)-5-(2-nitrofenil)-3,5-digidropirrolo[3,4-с]pirazol-3-ona
Authors: Lyust E. N. , Bobrovskaya O. V. , Gein V. L. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. For new synthesized pharmacologically active compounds, already at the stage of standardization, it is necessary to develop methods for determining their quality indicators, normalized by a pharmacopoeial article for pharmaceutical substances. One of these indicators is the residual organic solvents, for the analysis of which chromatographic methods are suitable, for example, gas-liquid chromatography.Aim. To develop conditions for the determination of residual organic solvents - acetic acid in a new pharmacologically active compound (substance of silver salt 4-[4-(acetylaminosulfonyl)phenyl]-6-(4-bromophenyl)-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-3-one), to validate the developed method.Materials and methods. The substance of the silver salt 4-[4-(acetylaminosulfonyl)phenyl]-6-(4-bromophenyl)-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-3-one, synthesized at the Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy. The study was carried out by the gas chromatographic method (gas-liquid chromatograph Chromatec-Crystal 5000, JSC SDO «Chromatec», Russia).Results and discussion. This paper reflects the results of the choice of gas chromatographic conditions for determining the residual organic solvent (acetic acid) in the substance, these conditions are evaluated according to the validation indicators required for analytical methods.Conclusion. A procedure has been developed for determining the residual organic solvent in the substance of the silver salt 4-[4-(acetylaminosulfonyl)phenyl]-6-(4-bromophenyl)-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-3-one, the methodology was validated.
Development of Quality Control Parameters for Standardization of Herb of the Cultivated Plant <i>Alchemilla mollis</i> (Buser) Rothm.
Authors: Boyarshinov V. D. , Zorina E. V. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Alchemilla herb is proposed for introduction into pharmaceutical practice, for obtaining extracts with various pharmacological activity. To expand, resource base of Alchemilla it has been proposed to use a high biomass cultivated plant – Alchemilla mollis (Buuser) Rothm. In terms of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the chemical composition Alchemilla mollis herb is comparable to the samples of raw materials of wild-growing Alchemilla. The presence of chemotaxonomic features necessitates the preparation of regulatory documentation for the introduction of this plant as a source of medicinal raw materials.Aim. Development of a methodology for assessing the main group of biologically active substances and the quantitative determination of flavonoids in Alchemilla mollis herb.Materials and methods. As objects of study, we used Alchemilla mollis herb harvested from plants cultivated in the Perm Krai. The chromatographic parameters of raw material authenticity were determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). To develop the parameters for the quantitative determination of flavonoids in Alchemilla mollis herb, a modification of the method proposed for Alchemilla herb was carried out.Results and discussion. During chromatographic study of Alchemilla mollis herb were identified cinaroside, rutin, and quercetin. Cynaroside was referred to the marker substances. Ethyl acetate : acetic acid (85 : 15) was chosen as the optimal chromatographic system. A modification and validation of the method for the quantitative determination of flavonoids in Alchemilla herb was carried out. The change of the extractant, particle size, time and frequency of extraction for sample preparation and the optimal use of cynaroside as a standard substance are substantiated. The optimal conditions for the reaction of complex formation with aluminum chloride are established.Conclusion. To determine the authenticity of Alchemilla mollis herb, it was proposed to use the identification of cynaroside by TLC. The modified method for the quantitative determination of flavonoids in terms of cynaroside for the Alchemilla mollis herb, reproducible, correct and can be used for standardization. When testing the methodology on samples of raw materials harvested in the Perm region, a range of values for the content of flavonoids was 3.14–4.84 %, with an average level of variability.
Validation Testing of Sabouraud Liquid Medium in Determining the Antifungal Activity of Newly Synthesized compounds by the Method of Two-fold Serial Dilutions
Authors: Novikova V. V. , Pulina N. A. , Luzhanin V. G. , Kurbatov E. R. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Due to the high prevalence and social significance of fungal infections, the search for new antifungal drugs is an actual direction t of modern pharmacology. One of the important components of preclinical microbiological studies is the culture media used in the process of a experiment.Aim. To validate the use Sabouraud liquid medium as an alternative to RPMI 1640 medium to optimize the experimental conditions for the determination of antifungal activity of new compounds by the microserial dilution method.Materials and methods. The micromethod of two-fold serial dilutions to study the antifungal activity of new molecules was used. Antifungal activity was studied against the reference test strain Candida albicans NCTC 885-653. The evaluation of the validation parameters was carried out according to the principles set forth in the General Pharmacopoeia Monograph.1.1.0021.18 «Validation of microbiological methods». A new compound from the group of 4-(het)aryl-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid amide derivatives was used for test the validated method.Results and discussion. Results were obtained that meet the acceptance criteria for the studied validation parameters – trueness, precision, linearity, robustness and quantitation limit. The possibility of using Sabouraud's medium for the determination of antifungal activity was shown on the example of a new compound of the group of 4-(het)aryl-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid amide derivatives.Conclusion. The tested alternative liquid Sabouraud medium can be recommended for use in determining the antifungal activity of the newly synthesized compounds with the microdilutions method because the proven its better growth properties for the investigated yeast strain and the convergence of the results of determining antifungal activity using alternative and reference media.
Aspects of Standardization in the Juice of the Herbs <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>
Authors: Cheremnykh E. V. , Zorina E. V. , Belonogova V. D. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The features of the chemical composition and the identified pharmacological activities of substances from fresh raw materials of the Alchemilla vulgaris allow us to predict the prospects for the use of juice from the herb Alchemilla vulgaris in medical practice. The creation of drugs based on juices from fresh herb Alchemilla involves the development of methods for their standardization.Aim. To determine the methods of qualitative analysis for the identification and quantitative assessment of the main group of biologically active substances in Alchemilla vulgaris juice.Materials and methods. The herb Alchemilla vulgaris for juice production was harvested during the flowering period in various habitats. The qualitative composition of the phenolic compounds of the juice was studied by paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography (TLC). The quantitative determination procedure was developed and validated on an SF-2000 spectrophotometer.Results and discussion. Paper chromatography (CP) in the juice revealed derivatives of cinnamic and phenolcarboxylic acids, a group of flavonoids with a predominance of flavones and flavonols, rutin was identified among the dominant ones. The TLC in the butanol : acetic acid : water system (4 : 1 : 2), we achieved optimal separation of substances and identified rutin, which was proposed as the main substance in juice standardization. Correspondence of the configuration of the differential spectrum of the complex of cuff juice flavonoids with aluminum chloride to the spectrum of a similar complex of rutin SS and the results of TLC give grounds to use rutin as a standard. The best option when choosing an aliquot for quantitative determination of reliable results showed the use of 0.2 ml of juice. The content of flavonoids in the studied juice samples ranged from 2.15 ± 0.24 % to 7.34 ± 0.16 %.Conclusion. TLC in the butanol-acetic acid-water system (4 : 1 : 2) can be used to authenticate the juice from the herb Alchemilla vulgaris. The parameters of the method of quantitative determination are developed taking into account the variation in the ratio of the water component and the dry residue in the juice. The method is valid and can be used to standardize juice from the herb Alchemilla vulgaris. The taxation of Alchemilla vulgaris juice samples showed the variability of the content of flavonoids in the juice depending on the growing conditions.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika tentang Volume Bangun Ruang Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD)
Authors: Mahfudloh Mahfudloh 
Published: December 2022

This research is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. Each cycle has 4 steps, namely: Planning, Implementation, Observation and Reflection. The data source for this study was Class V students at MI Islamiyah Brokoh, Wonotunggal District, Batang Regency for the 2019/2020 academic year with a total of 22 students, consisting of 10 male students and 12 female students. Data collection techniques by observation, ability tests and learning outcomes research determine the volume of geometric shapes. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative descriptive statistics.Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the analysis obtained a significant increase from cycle I and cycle II. Study results determine the volume of the geometric shape. in pre-cycle I in the complete category was 59.09% the number of students who completed was 13 students. In cycle II there was an increase in the percentage of student learning outcomes in the complete category of 100%, while 22 students completed.The results of this study suggest for students to be more active so that fun and meaningful learning can be achieved. Suggestions for teachers should use the STAD Type Cooperative approach to improve learning outcomes in determining the volume of geometric shapes. in order to measure the ability of students as a whole
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Afektif pada Mata Pelajaran PAI
Authors: Hasim Fuad 
Published: December 2022

Education is carried out to explore and then develop various competencies that already exist in each student, these competencies include abilities in the scientific field, attitudes and skills. These three competencies should be developed optimally and in a balanced way both in the learning process in class and in the implementation of assessments/evaluations. Facts on the ground show that affective domain assessment tends to be more difficult to implement and develop, in contrast to the cognitive and psychomotor competencies that are very commonly carried out by educators. Therefore, this study aims to help find solutions to the problems of affective assessment which have tended to be stagnant. This research includes library research using a qualitative descriptive approach and using Permendikbud Number 23 of 2016 concerning Assessment Standards and Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 87 of 2017 concerning Strengthening Character Education as the primary data source and supported by several other supporting literature. The results of the study indicate that the affective domain assessment of students must be carried out thoroughly both when they are in the school, family or community environment around where they live. This assessment is carried out by observing the behavior of students and the observed behavior is the values of character education that have been stipulated in Presidential Decree Number 87 of 2017 concerning Strengthening Character Education. These values include religious, honest, tolerant, disciplined, hard working, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, national spirit, love of the motherland, respect for achievement, communicative, love of peace, love to read, care for the environment, care for social And Responsibility. These values are observed and then converted into students' final scores on the affective/attitude aspects of students which are outlined in the form of Very Good, Good, Enough and Less values
Melacak Pola Interteks Kawruh Islam Jawa melalui Naskah Serat Wirid Riwayat Jati terhadap Teks Mistik Yogyakarta-Surakarta
Authors: Hidayat Mohamad Wahyu 
Published: December 2022

Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati manuscript is now preserved in the Reksa Pustaka library, Pura Mangkunegaran Palace, Surakarta. It is a didactical prose genre written in Javanese script. This text describes the mystical teachings of Javanese Islam. From the contents of this manuscript, it opens a gap to trace the intertextual relationship with the texts that are thought to be the references or hypograms. The texts that are suspected to be hypograms from Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati are Sĕrat Wirid Hidayat Jati from Surakarta, and three texts from Yogyakarta such as Wirid Para Wali, Sĕrat Panatagama, and Suluk Malang Sumirang. This study uses an intertextuality approach to examine the interrelationships pattern between texts in the manuscripts. The intertextual study in this research uses the transformation patterns analysis of the hypogram in Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati such as the form of expansion, modification, excerption, and conversion. In addition, the purpose of using intertextual theory is also to reveal The Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati’s position in the mystical literature which is based on the author’s ideology.
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Naskah Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati tersimpan di perpustakaan Reksa Pustaka, Pura Mangkunegaran, Surakarta yang berjenis piwulang, beraksara Jawa dan berbentuk gancaran atau prosa. Teks ini memaparkan ajaran mistik Islam kejawen. Naskah ini membuka celah untuk melacak hubungan interteks dengan teks-teks yang diperkirakan menjadi acuannya atau hipogram. Teks-teks yang diduga menjadi hipogram dari naskah Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati, antara lain Sĕrat Wirid Hidayat Jati dari Surakarta, dan tiga teks dari Yogyakarta yakni, Wirid Para Wali, Sĕrat Panatagama dan Suluk Malang Sumirang. Kajian dalam naskah ini menggunakan pendekatan intertekstualitas untuk menelaah pola keterkaitan antarteks dalam naskah. Studi interteks pada penelitian ini memakai analisis pola transformasi teks-teks hipogram pada naskah Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati seperti bentuk ekspansi, modifikasi, ekserp, dan konversi. Selain itu, tujuan penggunaan teori intertekstual juga untuk mengungkap posisi naskah Sĕrat Wirid Riwayat Jati dalam kepustakaan naskah mistik yang didasarkan pada ideologi penulis naskah.
Manuskrip Al-Qur’an dan Terjemah Jawa K.H. Bakri Koleksi Masjid Besar Pakualaman: Sejarah, Karakteristik, dan Identitas
Authors: Azami Hadiana Trendi , Mursyid Achmad Yafik , Febriyanto Muhammad Bagus 
Published: December 2022

The article explains the Quranic manuscript and Javanese translation K.H Bakri collection Great Mosque of Pakualaman and its relevance to Clifford Geertz’s discourse on the typology of Javanese Muslim society. This study uses literature review and documentation method to analyze the characteristics of Quranic manuskrip and Javanese translation K.H. Bakri. This study uses the auxiliary science of Philology which is oriented towards disclosing the physical aspects of texts (codicology) and texts (textology). Descriptive-analytical method was used to describe and analyze the data. The research results show that (1) The acculturation of Islam and local culture in the manuscripts of the Qur’an KHB can be seen from the influence of Javanese literature on the writing of ruku’, surah heads with twisted decorative patterns, and translation techniques using Arabic-Jawi script; (2) The characteristics of the KHB Qur’an have similarities with the science that developed in santri; (3) Geertz's typology of abangan for Islam in the interior of Java cannot be generalized.
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Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang manuskrip Al-Qur’an dan terjemahan Jawa K.H. Bakri koleksi Masjid Besar Pakualaman dan merelevansikannya dengan wacana distingsi Clifford Geertz tentang tipologi masyarakat muslim Jawa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan ilmu bantu Filologi yang berorientasi kepada pengungkapan aspek fisik naskah (kodikologi) dan pernaskahan (tekstologi). Metode deskriptif-analitis digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Akulturasi Islam dan budaya lokal dalam manuskrip Al-Qur’an KHB dapat terlihat dari keterpengaruhan sastra Jawa dalam penulisan tanda ruku’, kepala surah dengan pola hiasan dipilin-pilin, dan teknik penerjemahan dengan aksara Arab-Jawi (2) karakteristik manuskrip Al-Qur’an KHB memiliki kesamaan dengan keilmuan yang berkembang di kalangan santri mulai dari penggunaan rasm, qirā’āt, teknik dan bentuk terjemahan; (3) Tipologi Geertz tentang abangan untuk Islam wilayah pedalaman Jawa tidak dapat di generalisasi; meskipun Kadipaten Pakualaman secara stratifikasi sosial termasuk ke dalam priayi, dan abangan secara geografis, akan tetapi karakteristik Al-Qur’an KHB menunjukkan kesamaan keilmuan dengan kalangan santri.