bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pitutary tuberculoma: A verycommon pathology in a very uncommon location
Authors: Balaji S , Selvamuthukumaran K 
Published: July 2023

Pituitary Tuberculoma is extremely rare, even in developing countries where tuberculosis is endemic with total reported cases in the literature fewer than a hundred. Misdiagnosis as pituitary adenoma is common and late diagnosis can result in a permanent endocrine dysfunction and/or long-term neurologic sequela. Pituitary Tuberculoma, and mimicking adenomas are very unusual. We report a small case series of a patient with sellar/ suprasellar mass, who presented with severe headache, all these patients didn’t have any previous history of tuberculosis and radiological and microbiological evidence of Tuberculosis elsewhere in the body. All these patients underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the mass and histo pathological examination was suggestive of pituitary Tuberculoma. Antituberculous therapy was started and continued for one year, all three patients had good control of the disease and hormonal profile was normal at the end of one year, though all three patients required a small dose of steroid (Prednisolone 5mg) for the initial three months after surgery.
Integral rating system approbation of the Russian Federation regions using weight coefficients based on indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the organization of medical care in cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Mikhailov I. A. , Omelyanovsky V. V. , Semyonov V. Yu. , Samsonova E. A. , Gerasimova K. V. 
Published: July 2023

Aim. Integral rating system approbation of the Russian Federation regions using weight coefficients based on indicators characterizing the effectiveness of the organization of medical care in cardiovascular surgery.Methods. The study included 6 indicators with the highest final rating and expert agreement coefficient (based on data from the previous study). The values of the indicators were calculated for 38 Russian Federation regions supervised by the national medical research centers in cardiovascular surgery based on the statistical data provided by the Russian Federation regions and compared with the data of federal statistical observation forms. Further, all indicators were transferred to a point scale to form a single integral rating. The value in points for each of the indicators was multiplied by the corresponding weight coefficient for each subject of the Russian Federation. At the end, we performed a comparative analysis of the two integral ratings and expert validation.Results. It was found that the Moscow Region is in first place (880.00 points) based on the results of building an integral rating using weight coefficients. In second place instead of the Tambov region is the Republic of Bashkortostan (760.71 points). The third position of the Lipetsk region is occupied by the Samara region (750.89 points). The Smolensk region (259.28 points) occupies the 38th place in the integral rating with the use of weight coefficients, as well as in the ranking without the use of weight coefficients. The Republic of Ingushetiya (+18 seats) and the Republic of Dagestan (+17 seats) are characterized by the greatest positive change in the number of seats. The Kirov region (-16 places), the Penza region (-16 places), as well as the Tula region (-11 places) and the Vladimir region (-11 places) are characterized by the greatest change in the number of seats in the negative direction.Conclusion. Presented system of integral rating of the Russian Federation regions with weight coefficients demonstrated the principal adequacy of all proposed approaches in relation to the real situation with the organization of medical care in the Russian Federation regions, and also made it possible, through the use of weight coefficients, to take into account the varying degree of contribution of the indicators used to the integral rating of the Russian Federation regions. In the same time the indicators should be choose very careful.
Specifics of doctor’s professional training on the basis of the national medical research center
Authors: Alekseeva T. M. , Panina E. B. , Krasnov A. A. , Topuzova M. P. , Pospelova M. L. , Ternovykh I. K. , Portik O. A. , Malko V. A. , Shustova T. A. , Kulakovskaya I. O. , Laptev M. I. , Kukharchik G.  A. , Parmon E. V. 
Published: July 2023

Successful education of modern students requires great immersion of teachers in a process that is constantly changing, acquiring new properties, and meeting new challenges. So, digital technologies, online learning are already a natural communication environment, and students are motivated for self-development and self-expression. The traditions of the Russian medical school, together with modern trends in the development of education, create the prerequisites for the application of the most successful forms of education that develop the thinking and skills necessary for professional activity.In this article, the authors presented the experience of organizing training under the specialist’s program on the basis of the Department of Neurology and Psychiatry with the clinic of the Institute of Medical Education of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Almazov National Medical Research Centre” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Conclusions are formulated on the basis of the results of questioning teachers and students on the main characteristics of the educational process. The role of interactive and distance technologies is analyzed: online learning methods, video lectures, digital services, and other digital technologies. An analysis of the role of independent education, the most successful forms of knowledge testing, features of the development of communication skills, and the possibilities of mastering the competencies necessary for professional activity are presented. Separately, the interest of students in scientific work, the activity of participation in the student scientific club, the possibility of growth of interested students in professional and pedagogical aspects are analyzed. The presented data illustrated the success of the first experiment on the training of doctors on the basis of a scientific institution.
CIRCULAR ECONOMY, SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND COMMODITIES: RESEARCH AGENDA IN THE SUSTAINABLE CONTEXT
Authors: Johann Daiane , Santos Ruan Carlos dos , Tutida Alessandra Yula 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: A pesquisa aborda a implementação da economia circular na cadeia de suprimentos sustentável, viabilizado por meio dos comodities no contexto sustentável. O artigo busca maiores níveis de sustentabilidade, atendendo a forte mobilização da sociedade por produtos com melhores desempenhos ambientais.
Método: Apesar de muitos estudos abordarem separadamente os conceitos, poucos estudos avançam na visão integrada de funcionamento da cadeia de suprimentos de produtos circulares. A revisão sistemática da literatura buscou relacionar a integração dos conceitos identificando aspectos chaves das partes interessadas, processos e ferramentas, que podem ser sincronizados para auxiliar as organizações na implantação do ambiente circular nas operações da cadeia de suprimentos e gerar ganhos de sustentabilidade.
Resultados: A evolução da cadeia de suprimentos como um resultado das necessidades de competição dos produtores, visando melhorias de mercado e redução de custos, a geração de valor ao longo da cadeia está muito focada na entrega de especificidade ao cliente. Por isso, a cadeia de suprimentos é sustentável, pois precisa obter um bom desempenho em medidas financeiras tradicionais, incluindo que se trata de sustentabilidade na cadeia de suprimentos para formar as três dimensões: social, ambiental e econômica.
Conclusão: O trabalho abre caminho para pesquisas futuras e aplicações práticas, considerando a necessidade de funcionamento sistêmico de tecnologias que promovam a atuação conjunta e ambiente de cooperação entre organizações, que favoreçam ganhos de sustentabilidade.
The negative effects of application of increase taxes: a case of residents of Papua New Guinea University of Technology
Authors: Nadiminti Viswanadham , Bapa Bomoteng , Othlyn Tipeo 
Published: July 2023

Taxation is a major source of revenue for every government of countries around the world. In which the government can be able to generate revenue to finance its expenditure on funding infrastructures and providing basic goods and services to the people in the economy. Fluctuation in the rates of taxes either increases or decreases occurred because the government is attempting to either generate government revenue or to control the economic growth. The main objective of the study was to measure the effect of income tax on the public. The research approach used in this study was the quantitative approach. A convenience sampling technique was used for this study. The sample size is 50. When there is inflation tax rates increase and there are negative effects that come along with it and were faced by the taxpayers since the amount of money to be paid for as tax increases. Therefore in this study, we are going to look at the negativities caused by increased tax rates and were faced by the taxpayers. The study recommends that the government has to apply a strategic plan to reduce the negative impact of taxation.
Interaksi harga indeks saham energi (G7 & Indonesia) dan kurs: Hubungan dan spillover effect masa invasi Rusia-Ukraina
Authors: Putra Wira Anantama , Wijayanti Diana 
Published: July 2023

Purpose – This study aim to analysze the impact of Russia Invassion on energy stock market indeks between G7 and Indonesia. Methods – In this study, the method used is VECM on energy stock indices (Indonesia, UK, France, United States (US) and Japan) and adds one variable, namely the USD / IDR exchange rate.Findings – The results of the study found that in the short term only the US Energy Stock Index has a positive effect on the Indonesian Energy Stock Index. In the long run, all variables affect the price fluctuations of the Indonesian Energy Stock IndexImplication – This research has implications for bilateral relations between Indonesia and the G7 that can affect the condition of Indonesia's energy stock index during the Russia-Ukraine war in the long term. Especially for the US Energy Stock Index is the main stock that can generate speculation among shareholders and traders in Indonesia. Originality – This research contributes to projecting Indonesia's future economic conditions due to the Russia-Ukraine war.
AbstrakTujuan – Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat adakah efek spillover resesi energi dan pangan yang terjadi di negara G7 terhadap Indonesia pada sektor harga indeks saham energi yang diakibatkan oleh perang Rusia-Ukraina. Metode – Pada penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah VECM pada indeks saham energi (Indonesia, Inggris, Prancis, Amerika Serikat(AS) dan Jepang) serta menambah satu variabel yaitu Kurs USD/IDR. Temuan – Hasil studi menemukan jika dalam jangka pendek hanya Indeks Saham Energi AS yang berpengaruh positif terhadap Indeks Saham Energi Indonesia. Dalam jangka panjang, seluruh variabel berpengaruh terhadap fluktuasi harga Indeks Saham Energi Indonesia. Implikasi – Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada hubungan bilateral yang antara Indonesia dan G7 dapat berpengaruh terhadap kondisi indeks saham energi Indonesia pada masa perang Rusia-Ukraina dalam jangka panjang. Terkhusus untuk Indeks Saham Energi AS merupakan saham utama yang dapat memunculkan spekulasi di antara pemegang saham dan trader di Indonesia.Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memproyeksi kondisi ekonomi Indonesia kedepanya akibat dari perang Rusia-Ukraina
Effect of the clinical decision support system on clinical outcomes of delirium in hospitalized older adults: study protocol for a pair-matched, parallel,cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Jiamin , Niu Sen , Wu Ying 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Prompt recognition of delirium is the first key step in its proper management. Previous study has demonstrated delirium screening using usual paper version assessment tool by nurses had no effect on clinical outcomes. Clinical decision support systems have been demonstrated to improve the adherence and clinical outcomes of patients. Therefore, We developed a clinical decision support system (3D-DST) based on the usual paper version (3-minute diagnostic interview for CAM-defined delirium, 3D-CAM), which was developed for the assessment of delirium in older adults with high usability and accuracy. However, there is no high quality evidence exists on the effectiveness of a 3D-DST in improving outcomes of older adults compare to usual paper version.
Methods: A pair-matched, open-label, parallel, cluster randomized controlled trial following the SPIRIT checklist. Older patients aged 65 years or older admitted to four medical wards of a geriatric hospital will be invited to participate in the study. Prior to the study, delirium prevention and treatment interventions will be delivered to nurses in both the intervention and control groups. The nurses in the intervention group will perform routine delirium assessment on the included elderly patients with 3D-DST, while the nurses in the control group will perform daily delirium assessment with usual paper version. Enrolled patients will be assessed twice daily for delirium by a nursing researcher using 3D-DST for clinical outcomes. The primary outcome is delirium duration. The secondary outcomes are delirium severity, incidence, length of stay, in-hospital mortality, adherence to delirium assessment, prevention and treatment of medical staff.
Discussion: This study willincorporate the 3D-DST into clinical practice for delirium assessment. If our study will demonstrate that 3D-DST will improve adherence with delirium assessment and clinical outcomes in older patients, it will provide important evidence for the management of delirium in the future.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: ChiCTR1900028403.
Enantiomorph ‘conversion’ in single crystals of Weyl semimetal CoSi
Authors: Burkhardt Ulrich , Carrillo-Cabrera Wilder , Simon Paul , Schmidt Marcus , König Markus , Borrmann Horst , Winkelmann Aimo , Grin Yuri 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The atomic decoration of the enantiomorph ex-
change area within single crystal of the Weyl semimetal CoSi is
determined by a combination of atomic-resolution transmission
electron microscopy imaging, single crystal X-ray diffraction and
quantum chemical analysis of atomic interactions. Two-atomic
[CoSi] units are shown to be the bonding base for the FeSi-type
structure and may be considered as ‘pseudo-molecules’, thinking
of molecular organic crystals. Tiny reorganisation of atomic inter-
actions within these units results in the appearance of sequence
‘faults’ in the structure pattern i.e. in a different structural motif
in the enantiomorph exchange area, which – contrary to the A and
B enantiomorphs of CoSi – contains an inversion centre and al-
lows a local enantiomorph ‘conversion’. Due to the special fea-
tures of atomic interactions, the reorganisation of multi-atomic
bonds leads to slightly higher total energy. This appears within
one and the same grain which are prepared by the short distance
chemical vapor transport.
The limited difference in students has no effect on the quality of teaching under homogeneous education resources
Authors: Huang Naya , Xiao Yiying , Chen Wei , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Very limited studies have emphasized whether different admission scores have an impact on the quality of high education teaching.
Methods
In this work, 2016 undergraduates were included, who majored in clinical medicine at the School of Medicine (Shenzhen Campus,SZC) and the Zhongshan School of Medicine (Guangzhou North Campus,GZNC) at Sun Yat-sen University. There was a 13-point difference in the average admission scores in Guangdong Province. The limited different students were educated under exactly the same resources during the 5 years of undergraduate period. The grades, graduation, and postgraduate enrollment rates of the students were compared between the two campuses.
Results
After 5 years of homogeneous education, comparing the GZNC students with the SZC students, there were no significant differences in the average total score (80.2 ± 4.6 vs 80.0 ± 5.6, P = 0.691), the average compulsory course (78.9 ± 3.4 vs 78.4 ± 6.1, P = 0.438), the average core course score (78.8 ± 7.4 vs 78.7 ± 5.0, P = 0.860) and the average clerkship score (85.1 ± 7.2 vs 84.6 ± 2.7, P = 0.275). Only a significant difference in the average score of the 48-week internship could be observed (78.3 ± 4.2 vs 82.1 ± 4.0, P < 0.001) and it was a subjective grade. When students were classified and compared, those who ranked in the top 25% were considered outstanding students, there is no difference in the outstanding rate of total scores between students from the two campuses (33/165, 20% vs 90/415, 21.4%, P = 0.652). Furthermore, there are no statistical differences in postgraduate enrollment between the two campuses (P = 0.758).
Conclusions
After 5 years of homogeneous education, students with limited different admission grades showed similar educational quality, including similar academic scores, as well as similar postgraduate admission rate, which strongly suggesting that the key to improving medical educational quality is optimizing educational resources, not just enrolling high-scoring students.
Measurement of the apical anatomy of immature maxillary central incisors using cone-beam computed tomography.
Authors: Wang Linlin , Qin Xiurong , Pang Yongzhi , Ma Yuxin , Fan Mingru , Tian Hongsheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the CBCT findings of the apical anatomy of immature maxillary central incisors.
Methods CBCT images of 100 immature maxillary central incisors in Nolla 8 and 100 immature maxillary central incisors in Nolla 9 were collected. The mesiodistal and carniocaudal diameters of the apical foramen of immature maxillary central incisors were measured by software included with CBCT, as well as the mesiodistal, carniocaudal and facioligual diameters of the apical shadow. The apical shadow and apical foramen diameters were compared between Nolla 8 and Nolla 9. Data were analyzed using the MedCalc software package.
Results For immature maxillary central incisors, the mesiodistal and facioligual diameters of the apical foramen were 2.75±0.68 mm and 3.28±0.74 mm in Nolla 8 and 1.50±0.51 mm and 1.92±0.79 mm in Nolla 9. The mesiodistal, facioligual and carniocaudal diameters of the apical shadow were 3.84±0.73 mm, 4.49±0.68 mm and 3.41±1.27 mm in Nolla 8 and 2.76±0.60 mm, 3.41±0.80 mm and 2.06±0.65 mm in Nolla 9, respectively. Immature maxillary central incisors in Nolla 8 showed significantly larger apical shadows and apical foramina than those in Nolla 9 (P<0.05).
Conclusions The immature maxillary central incisors in Nolla 8 have a larger apical shadow and apical foramen than those in Nolla 9. The apical region of the maxillary central incisors in Nolla 8 was more likely to have a broad, blurred lamina dura. With the development of the apical foramen, the lamina dura in the apical region tended to be clear and sharp.
Clinical Significance Clinical diagnosis and treatment of periapical periodontitis could be improved with a better understanding of the apical anatomy.
Nonequilibrium Transport Properties of Magnons in Steady States in Magnetic Insulators
Authors: Pan L. Q. , Yang Dongchao , Ding Linjie , Yi Lizhi , Liu Min , Zhu Liya , Xu Yunli , Shen Shun-Qing , Xiao John 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding nonequilibrium transport phenomena in bosonic systems is highly challenging. Magnons, as bosons, exhibit distinct transport behavior compared with fermionic electron spins. This study focused on the key factors influencing the nonequilibrium transport of magnons in steady states within magnetic insulators, exemplified by Y3Fe5O12 (YIG). By incorporating the Bose-Einstein distribution function with a non-zero chemical potential μ_m into the Boltzmann transport equation, analytical expressions for transport parameters in powers of α (=-μm/kB T) were obtained, assuming the condition α<1. Our theory establishes a nonlinear relationship between the chemical potential and the nonequilibrium particle density for magnons. Owing to this nonlinear relationship, the magnon diffusion equation markedly differs from that governing electron spin，which evolved into more complex nonlinear differential equation. Our theoretical and numerical findings greatly contribute to a profound understanding of the nonequilibrium magnon transport characteristics in magnetic insulators.
Penthorum chinense Pursh improves type 2 diabetes mellitus via modulating gut microbiota in db/db mice
Authors: Hu Jilei , Xie Huibo , Lin Ning , Yang Yan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense) has been traditionally used as hepatoprotective food and medicine for hundreds of years due to its significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of action of P. chinense in type 2 diabetes mellitus were not fully understood. In this study, we found that P. chinense extract (PCP) supplementation resulted in reduced body weight and hyperglycemia, improved islet β-cell mitochondrial swelling and insulin sensitivity, and decreased inflammatory cytokines expression in spontaneously diabetic db/db mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples showed that PCP administration decreased the abundance of Firmicutes and increased the proportion of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. Moreover, Muribaculum, Barnesiella, Prevotella, and Mucinivorans were enriched, with Desulfovibrio and Lactobacillus lowered at the genus level in db/db mice with PCP supplementation. These results suggested that PCP may ameliorate hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation by remodeling the gut microbiota in db/db mice.
Compact realization of all-attosecond pump-probe spectroscopy
Authors: Schütte Bernd , Kretschmar Martin , Volkov Mikhail , Witting Tobias , Nagy Tamas , Vrakking Marc , Svirplys Evaldas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The ability to perform attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy (APAPS) is a longstanding goal in ultrafast science. While first pioneering experiments demonstrated the feasibility of APAPS, the low repetition rates (10-120 Hz) and the large footprints of existing setups have so far hindered the widespread exploitation of APAPS. Here we demonstrate two-color APAPS using a commercial laser system at 1 kHz, straightforward post-compression in a hollow-core fiber and a compact high-harmonic generation (HHG) setup. The latter enables the generation of intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses by using an out-of-focus HHG geometry and by exploiting a transient blueshift of the driving laser in the HHG medium. Near-isolated attosecond pulses are generated, as demonstrated by one-color and two-color XUV-pump XUV-probe experiments. Our concept allows selective pumping and probing on extremely short timescales and permits investigations of fundamental processes that are not accessible by other pump-probe techniques.