bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overview of autoantibodies in COVID‐19 convalescents
Authors: Dobrowolska Krystyna , Zarębska‐Michaluk Dorota , Poniedziałek Barbara , Jaroszewicz Jerzy , Flisiak Robert , Rzymski Piotr 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence shows that SARS‐CoV‐2 can potentially trigger autoimmune processes, which can be responsible for the long‐term consequences of COVID‐19. Therefore, this paper aims to review the autoantibodies reported in COVID‐19 convalescents. Six main groups were distinguished: (i) autoantibodies against components of the immune system, (ii) autoantibodies against components of the cardiovascular system, (iii) thyroid autoantibodies, (iv) autoantibodies specific for rheumatoid diseases, (v) antibodies against G‐protein coupled receptors, and (vi) other autoantibodies. The evidence reviewed here clearly highlights that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may induce humoral autoimmune responses. However, the available studies share number of limitations, such as: (1) the sole presence of autoantibodies does not necessarily implicate the clinically‐relevant risks, (2) functional investigations were rarely performed and it is often unknown whether observed autoantibodies are pathogenic, (3) the control seroprevalence, in healthy, noninfected individuals was often not reported; thus it is sometimes unknown whether the detected autoantibodies are the result of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or the accidental post‐COVID‐19 detection, (4) the presence of autoantibodies was rarely correlated with symptoms of the post‐COVID‐19 syndrome, (5) the size of the studied groups were often small, (6) the studies focused predominantly on adult populations, (7) age‐ and sex‐related differences in seroprevalence of autoantibodies were rarely explored, (8) genetic predispositions that may be involved in generation of autoantibodies during SARS‐CoV‐2 infections were not investigated, and (9) the autoimmune reactions following infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 variants that vary in the clinical course of infection remain unexplored. Further longitudinal studies are advocated to assess the link between identified autoantibodies and particular clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 convalescents.
Increasing positive rate of IgG against hepatitis E virus with steady IgM positivity and clinical incidence: A retrospective seroprevalence time series analysis of HEV from 2012 to 2021 in Chongqing, China
Authors: Shi Lingfeng , Wang Yanping , Cao Xuemei , Huang Wenxiang , Zhang Shujun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChina is an epidemic area of hepatitis E, and the serum prevalence data is very important for formulating prevention and control strategies. However, almost all related research in the past decade are cross‐sectional studies. In this study, we analyzed the serological data from 2012 to 2021 in Chongqing for 10 consecutive years. We found that the positive rate of hepatitis E IgG antibody increased gradually, from 1.61% in January 2012 to 50.63% in December 2021. The autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to predict the trend, and it was found that it will continue to show an upward trend in the recent future. In contrast, the positive rate of IgM and clinical incidence of hepatitis E showed a relatively stable trend. Although the positive rate of antibodies gradually increased with age, there was no significant difference in the age distribution of the subjects each year. Therefore, these results suggest that the accumulated infection of hepatitis E in Chongqing may be gradually increasing, but the clinical incidence rate remains unchanged, which provides a new concern for formulating prevention and control strategies.
Consignment inventory shrinkage in general and physician preference medical supplies: An empirically‐grounded analytical investigation
Authors: Rosales Claudia , Nair Anand , Pal Sukrit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe cost of medical supplies represents a significant portion of hospital spending. Hospitals manage different types of medical supplies, such as general medical supplies and physician preference items. General medical supplies tend to be numerous and relatively low cost, while physician preference items tend to be less numerous and more expensive. Strong physician preference for certain medical supplies can limit the options available to reduce inventory costs. The use of consignment inventory is one way in which hospitals seek to reduce inventory costs for both general supplies as well as physician preference items. However, the use of consignment reduces the level of oversight that hospitals have on consigned inventories, thereby potentially increasing the likelihood of shrinkage. The impact of consignment on shrinkage cost has received limited attention. We investigate this issue by drawing upon the precepts of agency theory and by analyzing hospital data that span multiple years. Our results suggest that the use of consignment increases shrinkage and spend. We develop empirically informed analytical models to better understand the impact of an unforeseen increase in shrinkage on the cost associated with general and physician preference items. The analytical investigation suggests that the impact on general and physician preference items differ depending on the type of consignment contract negotiated between a hospital and a vendor. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of our findings.
The effect of experimentally induced gluteal muscle weakness on joint kinematics, reaction forces, and dynamic balance performance during deep bilateral squats
Authors: Dimitriou Dimitris , Meisterhans Michel , Geissmann Marina , Borpas Paul , Hoch Armando , Rosner Jan , Schubert Martin , Aguirre José , Eichenberger Urs , Zingg Patrick O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSquatting is a common daily activity and fundamental exercise in resistance training and closed kinetic chain programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an experimentally induced weakness of the gluteal muscles on joint kinematics, reactions forces (JRFs), and dynamic balance performance during deep bilateral squats in healthy young adults. Ten healthy adults received sequential blocks of (1) branch of the superior gluteal nerve to the tensor fasciae latae (SGNtfl) muscle, (2) superior gluteal nerve (SGN), and (3) inferior gluteal nerve (IGN) on the dominant right leg. At the control condition and following each block, the participants were instructed to perform deep bilateral squats standing on two force plates. Hip, knee, ankle, and pelvis kinematics did not differ significantly following iatrogenic weakness of gluteal muscles. The most important finding was the significant differences in JRFs following SGN and IGN block, with the affected hip, patellofemoral, and ankle joint demonstrating lower JRFs, whereas the contralateral joints demonstrated significantly higher JRFs, especially the patellofemoral joint which demonstrated an average maximum difference of 1.43 x body weight compared with the control condition. When performing a deep bilateral leg squat under SGN and IGN block, the subjects demonstrated an increased center of pressure (CoP) range and standard deviation (SD) in mediolateral compared with the control condition. These results imply that squat performance changes significantly following weakness of gluteal muscles and should be considered when assessing and training athletes or patients with these injuries.
Paleofires and vegetation in a Late Pleistocene paleolake (>43 ka bp) of the savannas of central Brazil
Authors: Follador Gabriela Luiza Pereira Pires , Cassino Raquel Franco , Varajão Angélica F. Drummond C. , Bittencourt Jonathas S. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThis study investigates paleoenvironmental changes at the Paleolagoa Seca site, an Upper Quaternary locality of lacustrine origin in central Brazil. We present charcoal and pollen analyses of this sedimentary sequence, and assess how they compare with previously published fossil macroflora and paleoclimatic reconstructions of the same site and adjacent localities. We identified a mosaic of savannas, forests and flooded environments before 43 ka bp with the presence of evergreen forest formations. For this period, we found charcoal particles resulting from natural fires that represent the oldest Quaternary record of fire in the Cerrado. By conducting a morphological analysis of charcoal particles, we were able to identify that the primary constituents of fire fuel were grasses, which suggests that surface fires were prevalent. During this Pleistocene wet phase, fire probably played a vital role in preserving areas of open vegetation. In contrast, at ~43 ka bp, an open landscape and a drier‐than‐present climate characterized the Paleolagoa Seca site.
Examining dynamic occupancy of gray wolves in Idaho after a decade of managed harvest
Authors: Ausband David E. , Thompson Sarah J. , Oates Brendan A. , Roberts Shane B. , Hurley Mark A. , Mumma Matthew A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGray wolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced to Idaho, USA, in 1995–1996. The removal of Endangered Species Act protections in 2011 transferred wolf management to the state where wolves were subsequently classified as a harvested (i.e., hunted, trapped) big game species. We implemented a camera‐based survey across Idaho from 2016–2021 as part of a population monitoring program. We used the resulting camera images in multi‐year, dynamic and single‐season occupancy models to examine potential changes in the asymptotic proportion of area occupied by wolves and assess the effect of cumulative wolf harvest from 2016–2021 on occupancy in the last year of the study, 2021. We also wanted to understand how habitat, prey, humans, harvest, livestock, and prey‐related wolf removals affected wolf occupancy through their effects on colonization and extinction of occupancy cells through time. Statewide wolf occupancy did not change appreciably over the course of our study, with the proportion of survey cells occupied at an estimated high of 0.44 ± 0.03 (SE) in 2018 and a low of 0.39 ± 0.03 in 2020. Wolf colonization (i.e., probability that a cell switched from unoccupied to occupied between years) was positively associated with forest cover, images of humans, and the percent of neighboring cells that were occupied. Cell extinction (i.e., probability of switching from occupied to unoccupied between years) was negatively associated with neighboring cell occupancy. There were non‐linear relationships between wolf harvest, colonization, and extinction. The single‐season occupancy model demonstrated a positive relationship between harvest and occupancy at low to moderate levels of harvest (10–30%), but there was also evidence that high levels of harvest (>30%) reduce occupancy. Our results indicate that although harvest might influence wolf occupancy at local scales, wolf occupancy remained relatively constant across the state and wolves remained well distributed across Idaho during the study.
Differences in vestibulo‐ocular reflexes between vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis
Authors: Nam Gi‐Sung , Baek Wonyong , Kim Min Seok , Cho Sung Il 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo expand our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis by identifying any difference in the vestibulo‐ocular reflex for each semicircular canal.Study DesignRetrospective analysis.SettingThe Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, from January 2015 to December 2021.MethodsWe included 23 vestibular neuritis and 27 labyrinthitis patients who had been hospitalized. Pure‐tone audiometry, a bithermal caloric test, and a video head‐impulse test were performed within 5 days of symptom onset.ResultsIn the vestibular neuritis group, mean vestibulo‐ocular reflex gains were decreased to 0.51 in the ipsilesional horizontal canal and 0.55 in anterior canal, leading to marked asymmetry, whereas the gain of the ipsilesional posterior canal was relatively preserved at 0.85. In the labyrinthitis group, the mean vestibulo‐ocular reflex gain was 0.72 in the ipsilesional horizontal canal, 0.73 in the ipsilesional anterior canal, and 0.55 in the ipsilesional posterior canal. We observed statistical differences in the vestibulo‐ocular reflex gain and incidence of corrective saccades on the ipsilesional side in three semicircular canals between the groups (p = .002 for horizontal canal, p = .003 for anterior canal, and p < .001 for posterior canal). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that pure‐tone audiometry, ipsilesional posterior canal gain, and gain asymmetry of posterior canal were excellent parameters for distinguishing labyrinthitis from vestibular neuritis.ConclusionVestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis patients have different degrees and patterns of video head‐impulse test involvement in the three semicircular canals, suggesting that the two distinct disorders may have different etiologies.
Marine nutrient subsidies promote biogeochemical hotspots in undisturbed, highly humic estuaries
Authors: Evans Chris D. , Felgate Stacey L. , Carter Steffi , Stinchcombe Mark , Mawji Edward , Rees Andrew P. , Lebron Inma , Sanders Richard , Brickle Paul , Mayor Daniel J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe land‐ocean dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux represents a significant term within the global carbon budget, with peatland‐dominated regions representing the most intense sources of terrestrial DOC export. As the interface between freshwater and marine systems, estuaries have the potential to act as a filter of the land‐ocean carbon flux, removing terrestrially derived DOC, which is present at low concentrations in the oceans, via a combination of physicochemical and biological processes. However, the fate of peat‐derived DOC within estuaries remains poorly quantified, partly due to the complicating influences of heterogeneous soils, land‐use, point sources, and upstream modification of organic matter. To minimize these modifying factors, we studied DOC and inorganic nutrients in four small, peat‐dominated, minimally disturbed, and oligotrophic Falkland Island estuaries. Contrary to expectations, we found limited evidence of physicochemical estuarine DOC removal, and instead observed apparent “hot zones” of biogeochemical activity, where terrestrially‐derived silicate mixed with inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus entering the estuaries from the nutrient‐rich marine ecosystem. In two estuaries, this coincided with apparent in situ DOC production. We suggest that the observed phenomena of marine nutrient subsidy of estuarine productivity, and flexible utilization of multiple nutrients within the oligotrophic system, may once have been widespread in temperate estuaries. However, this function has been lost in many ecosystems due to catchment eutrophication by agricultural and urban development. We conclude that the estuaries of the Falkland Islands provide a valuable pre‐disturbance analogue for natural biogeochemical functioning in temperate estuaries receiving high organic matter inputs.
Enhancement of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Mg–2.0Zn–0.5Zr–1.5Dy (mass%) alloy in a corrosive medium by a microarc oxidation/polylactic acid composite coating
Authors: Li Huan , Wen Jiuba , Gong Yuan , He Junguang , Feng Wuyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo enhance the corrosion resistance of a micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) coating and enable the alloy to maintain high mechanical properties in a corrosive medium, polylactic acid (PLA) was used to seal the porous MAO coating on the surface of extruded Mg–2.0Zn–0.5Zr–1.5Dy alloy by using a dipping coating method. Assessments were conducted by electrochemical experiments, immersion experiments, and tensile tests. The results showed that after the MAO coating was dipped in PLA solution four times, the pores of the MAO coating were largely sealed by PLA. Compared with the MAO coating, the MAO/PLA composite coating had a lower surface roughness, higher hydrophobicity, and better bonding strength with the matrix. In addition, the MAO/PLA composite coating mitigated the damage of the coating during the tensile and corrosion processes and provided a method to maintain higher corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys in a corrosive medium.
Electrochemical evaluation of Daphne gnidium extract's antioxidant capacity and its potential for mild steel corrosion protection in NaCl medium
Authors: Zarki Youssef , Elmourabit Mohammad , Ben Seddik Nordin , Akachar Soukaina , Aghzzaf Ahmed A. , Chaouket Faiza , Draoui Khalid , Raissouni Ihssane , Bouchta Dounia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the leaf extract of the plant Daphne gnidium L. (Thymemeacea) was used as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.1 M NaCl. The content of total polyphenols was evaluated by UV visible spectrophotometry and with cyclic voltammetry. The results show that the extract contains a high content of total phenols estimated at 90.26 (mg GAE/g). Besides this, the plant extract was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization techniques were used to investigate the extract's anticorrosive performance. The results indicated that the addition of 3% of the extract increased the inhibition efficiency to 90.8% after 4 h of immersion. In addition, the results of the polarization tests showed that the extract acted as a mixed‐type inhibitor, mainly affecting the anodic reaction. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the metal surface. The results revealed a less corrosion impact on mild steel in an inhibited solution.
Identification of Parkinson's Disease Subtypes from Resting‐State Electroencephalography
Authors: Yassine Sahar , Gschwandtner Ute , Auffret Manon , Duprez Joan , Verin Marc , Fuhr Peter , Hassan Mahmoud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) patients present with a heterogeneous clinical phenotype, including motor, cognitive, sleep, and affective disruptions. However, this heterogeneity is often either ignored or assessed using only clinical assessments.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify different PD sub‐phenotypes in a longitudinal follow‐up analysis and their electrophysiological profile based on resting‐state electroencephalography (RS‐EEG) and to assess their clinical significance over the course of the disease.MethodsUsing electrophysiological features obtained from RS‐EEG recordings and data‐driven methods (similarity network fusion and source‐space spectral analysis), we have performed a clustering analysis to identify disease sub‐phenotypes and we examined whether their different patterns of disruption are predictive of disease outcome.ResultsWe showed that PD patients (n = 44) can be sub‐grouped into three phenotypes with distinct electrophysiological profiles. These clusters are characterized by different levels of disruptions in the somatomotor network (Δ and β band), the frontotemporal network (α2 band) and the default mode network (α1 band), which consistently correlate with clinical profiles and disease courses. These clusters are classified into either moderate (only‐motor) or mild‐to‐severe (diffuse) disease. We showed that EEG features can predict cognitive evolution of PD patients from baseline, when the cognitive clinical scores were overlapped.ConclusionsThe identification of novel PD subtypes based on electrical brain activity signatures may provide a more accurate prognosis in individual patients in clinical practice and help to stratify subgroups in clinical trials. Innovative profiling in PD can also support new therapeutic strategies that are brain‐based and designed to modulate brain activity disruption. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Evaluating the impact of correlated noise for time‐lapse transient electromagnetic (TEM) monitoring studies
Authors: McLachlan Paul , Christiensen Niels Bøie , Grombacher Denys , Christiansen Anders Vest 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTypically, transient electromagnetic (TEM) hydrogeological applications focus on spatial characterization. However, there is scope for utilizing time‐lapse TEM to monitor dynamic processes. Changes related to hydrogeological processes are subtle; consequently, measurements must be of exceptional quality, and the presence and influence of noise sources must be well understood. A potentially problematic noise source is radio waves operating in the 3–300 kHz range, as they introduce correlated error into TEM measurements. For instance, it was anticipated that such radio waves could introduce smooth perturbations in the data that could be erroneously interpreted in the TEM inversion results. This work evaluates the presence of correlated noise sources, their temporal dependence and their significance for TEM monitoring. This work combines fully sampled data and normalized covariance matrices of gated data to identify correlated noise sources. Radio signals operating in the low and very low frequency (LF and VLF) bands were found to vary across the investigation period; however, their influence on the TEM inversion results was minimal. Measurement stacking remains an effective way to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio of TEM data affected by LF and VLF noise sources as they do not introduce bias, for example smooth perturbation, into the TEM data explored in this work.
Porous structure induced crack redistribution in surface conductive layer for high‐performance fiber‐based flexible strain and pressure sensors
Authors: Cui Xihua , Xie Hongyan , Jiang Yue , Xu Zhiguang , Sui Guoxin , Yang Xiaoming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConstructing crack structure has been proven as an effective method to prepare highly sensitive strain/pressure sensors. However, the crack‐structured strain/pressure sensors usually show limited sensing range because of the rapid destruction of conductive networks. Herein, a porous poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene‐b‐butylene‐b‐styrene) (SEBS)‐based fiber with surface carbon nanotube (CNT) conductive layer is prepared by melt extrusion foaming and ultrasonic treatment. Cracks generate in the conductive layer under stretching due to the modulus mismatch. It is found that the introduction of porous structure leads to the redistribution of surface cracks. The conductive layer around pores cracks first under small strain due to the stress concentration effect, and the conductive layer away from pores then cracks under large strain, which prevents the rapid destruction of the conductive networks. Consequently, the porous conductive fiber‐based strain sensors exhibit both high sensitivity (gauge factor of 27.2 at the strain of 350%) and wide sensing range (0%–350%). Furthermore, a high‐performance flexible pressure sensor is fabricated by perpendicularly stacking two porous SEBS@CNTs fibers, which can be applied in wearable human motion monitoring and information transmission. Our study inspires a new idea and proposes a simple strategy for fabricating high‐performance crack‐structured flexible strain/pressure sensors with high sensitivity over a wide sensing range.