bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in aortic regurgitation and its influence on outcomes
Authors: Ratwatte Seshika , Playford David , Stewart Simon , Strange Geoff , Celermajer David S 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveAortic regurgitation (AR) can lead to pulmonary hypertension (PHT). There is a paucity of data on the prognostic importance of PHT in these patients. We therefore aimed to describe the prevalence and prognostic importance of PHT in such patients.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we analysed the National Echocardiography Database of Australia (data from 2000 to 2019). Adults with an estimated right ventricular systolic pressure (eRVSP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >50% and with moderate or greater AR were included (n=8392). These subjects were then categorised according to their eRVSP. The relationship between PHT severity and mortality outcomes were evaluated (median follow-up of 3.1 years, IQR 1.5–5.7 years).ResultsSubjects were aged 74±14 years and 58.4% (4901) were female. Overall, 1417 (16.9%) had no PHT, and 3253 (38.8%), 2249 (26.9%), 893 (10.6%) and 580 (6.9%) patients had borderline, mild, moderate and severe PHT, respectively. Mean eRVSP was slightly higher in females than males (41±13 vs 39±12 mm Hg, p<0.0001) and increased with age in both sexes. After adjustment for age and sex, the risk of long-term mortality increased as eRVSP increased (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.20, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.36 in borderline PHT, to aHR 3.32, 95% CI 2.85 to 3.86 in severe PHT, p<0.0001). There was a mortality threshold seen from mild PHT onwards (eRVSP 41.36–44.15 mm Hg; aHR 1.41, 95%CI 1.17 to 1.68).ConclusionsIn this large cohort study, we characterise the relationship between AR and PHT in adults. In patients with ≥moderate AR, PHT is associated with a progressive risk of mortality, even at mildly elevated levels.
Autoantibody-based subgroups and longitudinal seroconversion in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Bao Shengfang , Huang Hua , Jin Yingying , Ding Fei , Yang Zhen , Xu Xuemei , Liu Chenxi , Lu Jingyi , Jin Yanliang 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of autoantibody-based subgroup framework and the trend of autoantibody fluctuation in juvenile-onset SLE (JSLE).MethodsEighty-seven patients with JSLE were retrospectively collected and divided into subgroups via a two-step cluster based on the status of nine autoantibodies (double-stranded-DNA (dsDNA), nucleosome, histone, ribosomal P protein, Smith (Sm), u1-ribonucleoprotein (RNP), Sjögren’s syndrome antigen A (SSA)/Ro52, SSA/Ro60, Sjögren’s syndrome antigen B (SSB)/La). The final model selected in this study was based on adequate goodness of fit of the Silhouette coefficient and clinical interpretability. Clinical manifestations, organ involvements and disease activity were compared among the subgroups. Fluctuation in autoantibody status was also collected and analysed. Flare-free survival rates of the patients with positive/negative seroconversion and patients without seroconversion were studied by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using a log-rank test.ResultsTwo clusters were identified: subgroup 1 (positive anti-Sm/RNP group) and subgroup 2 (negative anti-Sm/RNP group). There were more lupus nephritis (LN) and neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) cases in subgroup 1 than in subgroup 2. Patients in subgroup 1 exhibited higher SLE Disease Activity Index scores compared with those in subgroup 2. Furthermore, anti-ribosomal P protein (61.1%), anti-nucleosome (58.3%) and anti-dsDNA (54%) were most commonly positive autoantibodies. A progressive decrease in the frequency of patients with positive results was demonstrated during the follow-up years. The decrease was notable for anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome and anti-ribosomal P protein (remaining 27.27%, 38.89% and 45.00% positive in the fifth year, respectively). While for those negative at baseline diagnosis, the decrease in the frequency of negative results was progressive but modest. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the flare-free survival of patients with positive seroconversion was significantly lower than those without seroconversion and those with negative seroconversion (p<0.001).ConclusionsIn children with SLE, subgroups based on autoantibody profile can be applied to differentiate phenotypes and disease activity. Two important organ involvements, LN and NPSLE, are more common in patients with positive anti-Sm/RNP autoantibodies. Positive seroconversion may provide a valuable perspective for assessing flare, and it is worthwhile to retest the array of autoantibodies during follow-up.
Evaluation of the LFA-REAL clinician-reported outcome (ClinRO) and patient-reported outcome (PRO): prespecified analysis of the phase III ustekinumab trial in patients with SLE
Authors: Askanase Anca D , Tang Wei , Zuraw Qing , Gordon Robert , Brotherton Betsy , Merrill Joan T 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe Lupus Foundation of America Rapid Evaluation of Activity in Lupus (LFA-REAL) system is a novel and simple SLE disease activity instrument, consisting of a tandem clinician-reported (ClinRO) and patient-reported (PRO) outcome measure. The aim of this study was to compare the LFA-REAL system with other SLE activity measures in the phase III trial of ustekinumab in patients with active SLE.MethodsThis was a prespecified analysis of data from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial conducted at 140 sites in 20 countries. Correlations were evaluated between the LFA-REAL ClinRO and PRO with a panel of clinician-reported and patient-reported disease activity measures commonly used in SLE clinical trials at baseline, week 24 and week 52. All p values are reported as nominal.ResultsTrial participants included 516 patients with SLE with a mean (SD) age of 43.5 (8.9), of whom 482 (93.4%) were female. The LFA-REAL ClinRO correlated with Physician Global Assessment (r=0.39, 0.65 and 0.74, p<0.001), British Isles Lupus Assessment Group Index (r=0.43, 0.67 and 0.73, p<0.001) and SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 (r=0.35, 0.60 and 0.62, p<0.001). The LFA-REAL ClinRO arthralgia/arthritis score correlated well with active joint counts (r=0.54, 0.73 and 0.68, p<0.001) and the mucocutaneous global score correlated strongly with Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index total activity (r=0.57, 0.77 and 0.81, p<0.001). The LFA-REAL PRO demonstrated a moderate correlation with Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (r=−0.60, –0.55 and –0.58, p<0.001), Lupus QoL physical health (r=−0.42, –0.47 and −0.46, p<0.001), SF-36v2 vitality (r=−0.40, –0.43 and −0.58, p<0.001) and SF-36v2 Physical Component Summary (r=−0.45, –0.53 and −0.53, p<0.001). The LFA-REAL ClinRO and PRO showed a moderate correlation with each other (r=0.32, 0.45 and 0.50, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe LFA-REAL ClinRO and PRO showed varied levels of correlations (weak to strong) with existing physician-based lupus disease activity measures and patient-reported outcome instruments, respectively and were able to more accurately capture organ-specific mucocutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestations. More analyses are needed to determine areas in which patient-reported outcomes are most similar or different to physician-reported end points and the basis for differences.
Research priorities relating to the delivery of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programmes: results of a modified Delphi process
Authors: McHale Sheona , Cowie Aynsley , Brown Sarah , Butler Tom , Carver Kathryn , Dalal Hasnain M , Dawkes Susan , Deighan Carolyn , Doherty Patrick , Evans Jo , Hinton Sally , Jones Jennifer , Mills Joseph , Nichols Simon , Taylor Rod S 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (BACPR) research priority setting project (PSP) was to identify a top 10 list of priority research questions for cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation (CVPR).MethodsThe PSP was facilitated by the BACPR clinical study group (CSG), which integrates as part of the British Heart Foundation Clinical Research Collaborative. Following a literature review to identify unanswered research questions, modified Delphi methods were used to engage CVPR-informed expert stakeholders, patients, partners and conference delegates in ranking the relevance of research questions during three rounds of an anonymous e-survey. In the first survey, unanswered questions from the literature review were ranked and respondents proposed additional questions. In the second survey, these new questions were ranked. Prioritised questions from surveys 1 and 2 were incorporated in a third/final e-survey used to identify the top 10 list.ResultsFrom 459 responses across the global CVPR community, a final top 10 list of questions were distilled from an overall bank of 76 (61 from the current evidence base and a further 15 from respondents). These were grouped across five broad categories: access and remote delivery, exercise and physical activity, optimising programme outcomes, psychosocial health and impact of the pandemic.ConclusionsThis PSP used a modified Delphi methodology to engage the international CVPR community to generate a top 10 list of research priorities within the field. These prioritised questions will directly inform future national and international CVPR research supported by the BACPR CSG.
KGFlex: Efficient Recommendation with Sparse Feature Factorization and Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Ferrara Antonio , Anelli Vito Walter , Mancino Alberto Carlo Maria , Di Noia Tommaso , Di Sciascio Eugenio 
Published: April 2023

Collaborative filtering models have undoubtedly dominated the scene of recommender systems in recent years. However, due to the little use of content information, they narrowly focus on accuracy, disregarding a higher degree of personalization. Meanwhile, knowledge graphs are arousing considerable interest in recommendation models thanks to their ability to enrich the system with content features that captures subtle user-item relations. Nevertheless, with many high-quality features, the models become more complex and challenging to train. We extend KGFlex [
16
], a hybrid model that analyzes historical data to understand the semantic features the user decisions depend on. KGFlex represents item features as embeddings, and it models user-item interactions as a factorized entropy-driven combination of the item attributes relevant to the user, thus reducing the complexity and raising the degree of personalization. The method does not neglect long tail items, reducing the popularity bias and ensuring a high level of fairness. The user-item prediction is mediated by the user’s personal views of the embeddings that grant a high degree of expressiveness. This extension analyzes different entropy measurement strategies, an enhanced user negative decision modeling, and assesses the fairness of KGFlex and the impact of its hyperparameters. KGFlex is available at
https://split.to/kgflex
.
The Role of Statins in the Prevention of Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers
Authors: Zeleznik Oana A. , Irvin Sarah R. , Samimi Goli , Trabert Britton 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOvarian and endometrial cancers are the most common gynecologic malignancies and emerging evidence suggests that lipid metabolism and subsequent inflammation are important etiologic factors for both tumors. Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are the most widely prescribed lipid-lowering drugs in the United States and are used by 25% of adults aged 40+ years. In addition to their cardio-protective actions, statins have anti-inflammatory effects and have demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic properties in cancer cell lines, supporting a potential role in cancer prevention. To appropriately quantify potential public health impact of statin use for cancer prevention, there is a great need to understand the potential risk reduction among individuals at a higher risk of gynecologic cancers, the group that will likely need to be targeted to effectively balance risk/benefit of medications repurposed for cancer prevention. In this commentary, we focus on summarizing emerging evidence suggesting that the anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms of statins may provide important cancer-preventive benefits for gynecologic cancers as well as outline important unanswered questions and future research directions.
Avocados: A Recipe for Good Guacamole or Lower Cancer Risk?
Authors: Galván Gloria Cecilia , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiet plays a role in modifying cancer risk. This study from Ericsson and colleagues provides new evidence suggesting that avocado intake could aid in cancer prevention. However, these effects were observed only in men, pointing to intriguing key differences by sex. Also, associations were only seen for some (colorectal, lung, and bladder cancers), but not all cancer types. Still, the number of avocado servings and ways to eat avocado to obtain these benefits remain to be determined. This brief commentary discusses the study and provides an opinion on the proposed role of avocados in reducing cancer risk.See related article by Ericsson et al., p. 211
ADCs or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Chemotherapy
Authors: Gupta Avantika , Drago Joshua Z. , Chandarlapaty Sarat 
Published: April 2023

Summary:Antibody–drug conjugates are transforming cancer treatment, and payload characteristics are emerging as crucial determinants of clinical activity. As exemplified by Weng and colleagues, advancements in the linker and payload chemistry may provide the next evolutionary step in enabling this class of drugs to overcome chemoresistance and deliver even more profound responses.See related article by Weng et al., p. 950 (2).
HPV Integration Can Drive the Formation of Virus–Host Extrachromosomal DNA in Tumors
Authors: McBride Alison A. , White Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2023

Summary:Human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive cancer cells contain virus and host DNA and exhibit marked genome instability. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Akagi and colleagues characterize the remarkably complex landscape of virus–host DNA molecules in HPV-positive cells, providing evidence for diverse integrated and extrachromosomal virus–host hybrid DNAs with the potential to drive clonal evolution.See related article by Akagi et al., p. 910 (4).
Stability model integration for large scale solar photovoltaic system using Western electricity coordinating council model
Authors: Mohd Tajudin Mohammad Nayeim Fazumy , Mohd Hussain Mohd Najib , Hussain Mashitah Mohd , Ibrahim Intan Rahayu 
Published: April 2023

<span lang="EN-US">Due to the increased demand for renewable energy, the interest in the large-scale solar photovoltaic (LSSPV) power plant has recently grown dramatically. However, when a large amount of electricity is produced from the LSSPV power plant to the grid interconnection, the system commonly experiences instability and thus disrupt the grid system in disturbance issues such as bus fault, line-to-line fault, three-phase fault, and tripping. This sudden disturbance occurrence is tended to interrupt the stability of the system from providing balanced electrical production within the electrical grid. A dynamics response from the simulation is used to study the stability and the behavior of the photovoltaic (PV) plant into the grid interconnection by developing 118 bus system. The observation of critical clearing time (CCT) duration shows that the result from the simulation where the duration takes less than t=15 s for the system to get back to its pre-fault condition in three-phase fault and tripping in a dynamic simulation to shows that the system reaches its stability been observed through the simulation result by using from user-specific models to generic models like those advocated by the Western electricity coordinating council (WECC) in power system simulator for engineering (PSSE) software.</span>
Potential of using photovoltaic systems to power underwater fishing lights in small-scale fishing vessel in Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha I Made Aditya , Luthfiani Febi , Desnanjaya I Gusti Made Ngurah , Siregar Jhon Septin Mourisdo , Boikh Lebrina Ivantry 
Published: April 2023

The limited stock and uncertainty of fuel prices as a source of driving the main engine and generator on ships greatly affect the lives of fishermen in Indonesia. Even though there is a policy in the form of assistance from the government in the form of subsidies, fishermen still feel doubtful about being able to get such assistance. To overcome this and with the potential of solar energy in Indonesia, as well as a manifestation of appropriate technology and blue economy policies, a photovoltaic system is made that is combined with underwater lights as a fishing tool. Activities are carried out by measuring environmental conditions and the energy that comes out of the PV system and giving questionnaires to the fishermen. The results showed that the use of PV systems combined with underwater lights in fishing activities gave good results. The result of electrical energy that can be generated is 393.24 Wh/day and can meet the ship’s electricity needs for 4 days. This result is also supported by the Wilcoxon test results for technical, economic, environmental, health, and safety aspects with a significance value of 0.001 (p&lt;0.05).
Effective dashboards for urban water security monitoring and evaluation
Authors: Zainuddin Zada Qusyairin Mohd , Yahya Farashazillah , Gubin Moung Ervin , Mohd Fazli Bashirah , Abdullah Mohammad Fikry 
Published: April 2023

This paper reviews the factors affecting effective dashboards for urban water security monitoring and evaluation. Urban water security is a constantly evolving field influenced by several factors, including changes in climate, ecosystems, socio-economic status, and human beings. Although urban water security has been discussed in some parts of the literature, there has been minimal literature review that focused on the factors of urban water security and the effective dashboards for monitoring and evaluation. Using systematic literature review (SLR) and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA), this paper reviewed 143 articles. The result shows growth in the environmental informatics landscape since the last ten years when the first article on the urban water management dashboard was published. The visual design was the most frequently discussed factor for dashboards, followed by user customization. It also shows that this topic can go deeper to integrate both factors and design an effective environmental dashboard. The discussion identified three potential opportunities for future research in water security and informatics: i) exploring other dimensions of effective dashboards, ii) considering more research on the environmental dashboard, and iii) investigating the real-life application of dashboards in urban water security.
Approximation-based homomorphic encryption for secure and efficient blockchain-driven watermarking service
Authors: Rosiyadi Didi , Basuki Akbari Indra , Ramdhani Taufik Iqbal , Susanto Heru , Siregar Yusnan Hasani 
Published: April 2023

<p>Homomorphic encryption has been widely used to preserve the privacy of watermarking process on blockchain-driven watermarking services. It offers transparent and traceable encrypted watermarking without revealing sensitive data such as original images or watermark data to the public. Nevertheless, the existing works suffer from enormous memory storage and extensive computing power. This study proposed an approximation-based homomorphic encryption for resource-efficient encrypted watermarking without sacrificing watermarking quality. We demonstrated the efficiency of the Cheon-Kim-Kim-Son (CKKS) encrypted watermarking process using discrete cosine transform-singular value decomposition (DCT-SVD) embedding. The evaluation results showed that it could preserve the watermarking quality similar to non-encrypted watermark embedding, even after geometrical and filtering attacks. Compared to existing homomorphic encryption, such as Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan (BFV) encryption, it has superior performance regarding resource utilization and watermarking quality preservation.</p>
Internet of things-blockchain lightweight cryptography to data security and integrity for intelligent application
Authors: Parmar Martin , Shah Parth 
Published: April 2023

The industrial internet of things (IoT) plays a major role in the growth of automation and increasing digital connectivity for machine-to-machine communication. The research community has extensively investigated the possibility of IoT and blockchain integration for the last couple of years. The major research is focused on the benefits of integrating blockchain with IoT. In this work, we first focus on the issue of integrating IoT nodes with blockchain networks, especially for non-real-time IoT nodes that do not have an in-built clock mechanism. As a result, they cannot establish communication with real-time blockchain networks. Another critical security issue is protecting data coming from IoT devices to blockchain networks. Blockchain is enough mature to protect the data in its ecosystem. However, information coming from outside of the world does not have any guarantee of data integrity and security. This paper first addresses the clock synchronization issue of IoT nodes with blockchain using a network time protocol and then proposes an IoT-blockchain light-weight cryptographic (IBLWC) approach to secure the entire IoT-blockchain ecosystem. This paper also presents the performance analysis of IBLWC as a suitable and cost-effective solution that incurs less processing overhead for IoT-blockchain-based applications.
An efficient ultra-wideband digital transceiver for wireless applications on the field-programmable gate array platform
Authors: Kumar Ramachandragowda Santhosh , Ramakrishna Devaraju , Narendra Rajashree 
Published: April 2023

<p>The ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a promising short-range communication technology for most wireless applications. The UWB works at higher frequencies and is affected by interferences with the same frequency standards. This manuscript has designed an efficient and low-cost implementation of IEEE 802.15.4a-based UWB-digital transceiver (DTR). The design module contains UWB transmitter (TX), channel, and UWB-receiver (RX) units. Convolutional encoding and modulation units like burst position modulation and binary phase-shift keying modulation are used to construct the UWB-TX. The synchronization and Viterbi decoder units are used to recover the original data bits and are affected by noise in UWB-RX. The UWB-DTR is synthesized using Xilinx ISE<sup>®</sup> environment with Verilog hardware description language (HDL) and implemented on Artix-7 field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The UWB-DTR utilizes less than 2% (slices and look-up table/LUTs), operates at 268 MHz, and consumes 91 mW of total power on FPGA. The transceiver achieves a 6.86 Mbps data rate, which meets the IEEE 802.15.4a standard. The UWB-DTR module obtains the bit error rate (BER) of 2×10<sup>-4</sup> by transmitting 105 data bits. The UWB-DTR module is compared with similar physical layer (PHY) transceivers with improvements in chip area (slices), power, data rate, and BER. </p>