bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young, but not in the dark—The influence of reduced lighting on gait stability in middle-aged adults
Authors: Naaman Tirtsa , Hayek Roee , Gutman Itai , Springer Shmuel 
Published: May 2023

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of walking in reduced lighting with or without performing a secondary cognitive task on gait dynamics in middle-aged adults and to compare them with young and old adults.

Methods
Twenty young (age 28.8±4.1), 20 middle-aged (age 50.2±4.4), and 19 elderly (age 70.7±4.2) subjects participated in the study. Subjects walked on an instrumented treadmill at a self-determined pace under four conditions in randomized order: (1) walking in usual lighting (1000 lumens); (2) walking in near-darkness (5 lumens); (3) walking in usual lighting with a serial-7 subtraction dual-task; and (4) walking in near-darkness with a serial-7 subtraction dual-task. Variability in stride time and variability in the trajectory of the center of pressure in the sagittal and frontal planes (anterior/posterior and lateral variability) were measured. Repeated measures ANOVA and planned comparisons were used to determine the effects of age, lighting conditions, and cognitive task on each gait outcome.

Results
Under usual lighting, stride time variability and anterior/posterior variability of the middle-aged subjects were similar to those of the young and lower than those of the old. The lateral variability of the middle-aged subjects was higher than that of young adults under both lighting conditions. Similar to the older adults, the middle-aged participants increased their stride time variability when walking in near-darkness, but they were the only ones to exhibit increased lateral variability and anterior/posterior variability in near-darkness. Young adult gait was not affected by lighting, and concurrent performance of a cognitive task while walking did not affect gait stability in all groups under any of the lighting conditions.

Conclusions
Gait stability decreases in middle age when walking in the dark. Recognition of functional deficits in middle age could promote appropriate interventions to optimize aging and reduce fall risk.
The association of denture wearing with reduced lung function and increased airflow limitation in 58–72 year old men
Authors: Kelly Niamh , Gormley Kyra , Linden Dermot A. , Winning Lewis , McClory Mary , Lundy Fionnuala T. , Cullen Kathy M. , Linden Gerard J. , El Karim Ikhlas A. 
Published: May 2023

Objective
To investigate the association between denture wearing and airflow limitation in men in Northern Ireland enrolled in the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME) study.

Methods
A case-control design was used to study partially dentate men. Cases were men aged 58–72 years who were confirmed as denture wearers. Controls were never denture wearers who were matched by age (± 1 month) and smoking habit to the cases. The men had a periodontal assessment and completed a questionnaire detailing their medical history, dental history and behaviours, social circumstances, demographic background and tobacco use. Physical examination and spirometry measurements of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were also undertaken. Spirometry data for edentulous men who wore complete dentures were compared with that recorded for the partially dentate men studied.

Results
There were 353 cases who were partially dentate and were confirmed denture wearers. They were matched for age and smoking habit to never denture wearer controls. The cases had an FEV1 that was on average 140 ml lower than the controls, p = 0.0013 and a 4% reduction in percent predicted FEV1, p = 0.0022. Application of the GOLD criteria indicated that 61 (17.3%) of the cases had moderate to severe airflow limitation compared with 33 (9.3%) of controls, p = 0.0051. Fully adjusted multivariable analysis showed that partially dentate men who were denture wearers were significantly more likely (p = 0.01) to have moderate to severe airflow reduction with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.37 (95% confidence intervals 1.23–4.55). In the 153 edentulous men studied moderate to severe airflow limitation was recorded in 44 (28.4%), which was significantly higher than in the partially dentate denture wearers (p = 0.017), and the men who had never worn a denture (p<0.0001).

Conclusion
Denture wearing was associated with an increased risk of moderate to severe airflow limitation in the cohort of middle-aged Western European men studied.
Predictors of glaucoma knowledge and its risk factors among Jordanian patients with primary open angle glaucoma at a tertiary teaching hospital: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Muhsen Sana’ , Al-Huneidy Leen , Maaita Ward , AlQirem Lina , Madain Zaid , Sweis Jaleel , Abu Tawileh Raya , Al-Huneidy Yazan , Alkhatib Amro , Al-Ani Abdallah 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of studyTo assess and compare glaucoma knowledge between Jordanian patients with glaucoma and non-glaucoma ophthalmic patients.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was developed after an extensive literature search to investigate glaucoma-related knowledge among participants with glaucoma visiting the Jordan University Hospital clinics from October 2021 to February 2022. Responses were compared to a sample of ophthalmic participants with eye conditions other than glaucoma visiting the ophthalmology clinics at the same time frame.ResultsA total of 256 participants filled out the survey, of which 53.1% were diagnosed with glaucoma while 46.9% had ophthalmic conditions other than glaucoma. Our sample of participants is characterized by a mean age of 52.2 ± 17.8 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.04:1. Overall, participants with glaucoma were more aware of their disease than participants with other ophthalmic conditions. Compared to their ophthalmic non-glaucoma counterparts, those diagnosed with glaucoma face significantly more daily life difficulties due to their ophthalmic disease (p <0.001). Results of the independent samplet-test demonstrate that participants with glaucoma have significantly higher knowledge scores (p <0.001) and were able to recognize more glaucoma symptoms than their non-glaucoma counterparts (p = 0.002). Similarly, those with a positive family history of glaucoma displayed higher knowledge (p = 0.005). Multivariate linear regression demonstrates that family history of glaucoma, higher symptom recognition score, reliance on ophthalmologists, and the internet for glaucoma-related information are positive predictors of higher knowledge scores.ConclusionWe have demonstrated that both glaucoma and non-glaucoma ophthalmic patients display average levels of glaucoma knowledge. Raising awareness through various interventions may improve the lifestyles of patients with glaucoma and alleviate the economic burden associated with treating the disease.
Short report: Social processing in non-emotional contexts by children with and without autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Authors: Teh Elizabeth J. , Yap Melvin J. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been reported to show social-processing deficits in forced-choice social judgment or story interpretation tasks. However, these methods may limit examination of social-processing within a set of acceptable answers. In this pilot study, we propose a novel method predicated on the premise that language carries social information and validate this method to measure social perception in ASD.

Method
20 children with ASD and 20 typically developing (TD) children matched-pairwise on age (5–12 years), gender, and non-verbal IQ, described pictures of people in everyday situations varying on extent of social engagement. Their social language production was examined in high- and low-social picture conditions.

Results
The TD group produced significantly more social language in high-social than low-social picture conditions, with a large effect size (d = 3.15). The TD group produced significantly more social language than the ASD group under high-social conditions (p< .001, η2p = 0.24), but were not significantly different under low-social conditions (p < .05).

Conclusions and implications
The study presents proof-of-concept that expressed language carries social information. The findings indicate that social language may be used to measure social perception and examine differences in ASD, with potential applications for other clinical groups with social-processing challenges.
Social and economic capital as effect modifiers of the association between psychosocial stress and oral health
Authors: Hensel Abby L. J. , Gomaa Noha 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
To assess the extent of the association of psychosocial stress with oral health in an Ontario population stratified by age groups, and whether any association is modified by indicators of social and economic capital.

Methods
We retrieved data of 21,320 Ontario adults, aged 30–74 years old, from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS: 2017–2018), which is a Canada-wide, cross-sectional survey. Using binomial logistic regression models that adjusted for age, sex, education, and country of birth, we examined the association of psychosocial stress (indicated by perceived life stress) with inadequate oral health (indicated as having at least one of the following: bleeding gums, fair/poor self-perceived oral health, persistent oral pain). We assessed the effect measure modification of indicators of social (sense of belonging to the local community, living/family arrangements) and economic capital (household income, dental insurance, dwelling ownership) on the perceived life stress-oral health relationship, stratified by age (30–44, 45–59, 60–74 yrs). We then calculated the Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI) which indicates the risk that is above what would be expected if the combination of low capital (social or economic) and high psychosocial stress was entirely additive.

Results
Respondents with higher perceived life stress were at a significantly higher risk of having inadequate oral health (PR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.34, 1.44). Adults with low social and economic capital were also at an increased risk of inadequate oral health. Effect measure modification showed an additive effect of indicators of social capital on the perceived life stress-oral health relationship. This effect was evident across all three age groups (30–44, 45–59, 60–74 yrs), with the highest attributable proportion of social and economic capital indicators in the psychosocial stress-oral health relationship in older adults (60–74 yrs).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest an exacerbating effect for low social and economic capital in the relationship of perceived life stress with inadequate oral health among older adults.
Anquiloglosia, enfoque multidisciplinario: serie de casos
Authors: JACOME OROZCO ALVARO LEON , Patiño Garnica Claudia Sildana , Brito Carlos 
Published: May 2023

Introducción: la anquiloglosia (Ag) se define como un frenillo lingual en la base de la lengua que restringe el movimiento normal de la lengua. Su diagnóstico es importante, en los primeros días de vida, por las dificultades que puede generar para amamantar. Objetivo: presentar la experiencia de un servicio privado de consulta externa en el manejo de la Ag en pacientes recién nacidos en su primera consulta con un enfoque de protección a la lactancia materna. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de serie de casos. Se describe información demográfica de toda la cohorte de origen, así como detalles de evolución y seguimiento de los casos con Ag. Se incluye síntomas y clasificaciones con la prueba de Coryllos, la prueba de la Lengüita y la escala de Hazelbaker. Resultados: 32 pacientes recién nacidos presentaron Ag (15%) de un total de 216. La distribución de edad, peso y sexo fue similar entre los grupos. 12 pacientes tenían antecedentes familiares de Ag (38%). Los síntomas en los casos con Ag fueron: dolor (84%), tanto en Ag anterior como posterior; grietas en los pezones (76%), predominando en Ag anterior; síndrome de Raynaud (72%) principalmente en pacientes con Ag anterior. 8 pacientes requirieron cirugía. La media de lactancia exclusiva para pacientes con Ag fue de 110 días (DS 58 días). Conclusiones: esta serie muestra el manejo de la Ag basado en la evolución que tenga la diada madre/hijo frente a la lactancia, basándose en diagnóstico físico y funcional. Esto permitió un mayor tiempo en lactancia exclusiva.
Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, and Wake-Up Stroke
Authors: Zhou Jin , Xu Jing , Cheng Aijuan , Kadier Yimiti , Liang Xiaoli , Mutailipu Maimaitijiang , Sun Shan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The occurrence of atrial fibrillation, circadian fluctuation in blood pressure, and oxygen desaturation at night is likely associated with the pathophysiology of wake-up stroke. Whether patients who experience wake-up strokes are candidates for thrombolysis treatment is a serious dilemma. The aim is to investigate the association between risk factors and wake-up stroke and to determine variations that are associated with the pathophysiology of wake-up stroke.

Methods
Five major electronic databases were searched using a fitted search strategy to identify relevant studies. Odds ratios with 95% CIs were used to calculate estimates, and the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool was used to conduct the assessment quality.

Results
A total of 29 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Hypertension is not associated with wake-up stroke (odds ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.94–1.37]; P = .18). Atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor to wake-up stroke, with a statistically significant difference (odds ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.06–1.55]; P = .01). Subgroup analysis showed a different result in patients with sleep-disordered breathing, although no significant difference was assessed.

Conclusion
This study revealed that atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor for wake-up stroke and that patients with atrial fibrillation who also experience sleep-disordered breathing tend to have fewer wake-up strokes.
The role of LMX and organizational climate in improving performance and effectiveness of local public administration: evidence from the Metropolis GZM
Authors: Marzec Izabela 
Published: May 2023

Since the 1990s, along with the transformation of public administration and the emergence of new concepts of public management, the improvement of organisational effectiveness and performance (OEP) of local public administration has become an important goal of regional policies in many countries. The OEP of local public administration has started to be considered as an essential factor affecting the process of regional socio-economic development. However, to improve the performance of local public administration, factors influencing the OEP of public administration organizations need to be determined. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to identify how such factors as the quality of relations between leaders and subordinates as well as learning climate influence the OEP of public administration organizations.
Method/approach: The paper presents the results of a survey research conducted among 153 employees of municipal offices in the Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolis (i.e. Metropolis GZM). A model of relationships between LMX, organizational learning climate, and the OEP was examined with the use of Structural Equation Modeling and path analysis.
Findings: It was found that the LMX affected the OEP only indirectly through its impact on organizational learning climate which in turn influences the OEP. Therefore, the study also revealed that organizational learning climate mediated the relationship between the LMX and the OEP.
Originality: The presented results of the study have provided empirical evidence regarding the influence of LMX and organizational climate on the OEP of public organizations which was hitherto absent in the literature on the subject. A novel conclusion from this study is that the high quality of relationships between leaders and subordinates and organizational learning climate improve the OEP of local public administration organizations. Highly effective local public administration can become a driver of the regional development promoting new ideas, innovation and local incentives.
Detection of V. vulnificus septic shock with ARDS using mNGS
Authors: Dan Tangjun , Qin Haidong , Sun CaiZhi , Shen Hua , Guo Lei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The latest surveillance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that the annual incidence of V. vulnificus infection is increasing. Unfortunately, in less well-known high-risk groups, this infection is usually excluded from differential diagnosis. Transmitted through wound exposure or ingestion, the mortality rate of foodborne diseases of V. vulnificus is the highest of all V. vulnificus. V. vulnificus is as lethal early diagnosis as Ebola and bubonic plague, so timely treatment is imperative. Sepsis caused by V. vulnificus infection mainly exists in the United States and is rarely reported in Southeast Asia. We report a 78-year-old man who went to the local hospital and complained of swelling in his right hand with severe pain. He ate raw salmon 2 days ago and denied other recognized seafood stab or trauma history and other seafood contact history. He was in septic shock at the time of treatment, so we immediately transferred to the emergency intensive care unit and tested for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The diagnosis was confirmed the second day after admission, and eventually he was cured and discharged from the hospital only after medical treatment, thus avoiding the risk of surgical debridement or even amputation. mNGS is helpful for early clinical diagnosis and effective early intervention for etiology, so that patients can get a good prognosis.
Leave Policy System in Russia: Is It Time to Change?
Authors: Blednova Natalia D. , Bagirova Anna P. 
Published: May 2023

As a demographic and family policy measure, the parental leave system is flexible in many countries. For example, parents can take full or partial leave, choose shorter leave with higher payments or vice versa; leave can be taken by other relatives of the child. In Russia, the labor legislation regulates only one of such flexible parameters—taking full or partial parental leave by not only the mother, but also the father or other relatives of the child. To study social attitudes towards the existing system of parental leave in Russia, we surveyed 506 male and 265 female employees of different organizations with and without children. To explore barriers in the system of the parental leave regulation, we carried out a content analysis of employees’ complaints published on the онлайнинспекция.рф website and analysed five cases of breaching parental leave regulations extracted from popular Russian mass media. Our results demonstrate discrepancies between the existing system of parental leave and respondents’ attitudes to its legal regulation. To address the problem, the system should be transformed to embrace flexibility. To foster the transformation, the government may promote conscious and responsible fatherhood and integrate the social institute of the labor market in the demographic policy.
Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Octogenarians Compared with Septuagenarians
Authors: Magnuson Justin A. , Griffin Sean A. , Sutton Ryan M. , Blaber Olivia , Ciesielka Kerri-Anne , Courtney P. Maxwell , Krueger Chad A. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The increasing frequency of total hip arthroplasty (THA) as well as an aging population indicate that the need for revision THA will continue to grow, especially in older and potentially medically complex patients. The purpose of this study was to compare THA revision indications, perioperative complications, and readmissions between octogenarian and septuagenarian patients. We hypothesized that patients aged 80 to 89 years would have similar outcomes to patients aged 70 to 79 years undergoing revision THA.

Methods:
Between 2008 and 2019, 572 revision THAs were performed at a single tertiary care hospital. Patients were stratified by age group: 70 to 79 years (n = 407) and 80 to 89 years (n = 165). Indication for revision, perioperative medical complications, and 90-day readmission were identified for each patient. Chi-square tests and t-tests were used to compare the groups. Logistic regression was used to assess medical complications and readmissions.

Results:
Aseptic loosening was a more common indication for revision in patients aged 70 to 79 years (33.4% versus 26.7%; p < 0.001), while periprosthetic fracture was a more common indication for revision in those aged 80 to 89 years (30.9% versus 13.0%). Perioperative medical complications occurred more often in octogenarians (10.9% versus 3.0%; p = 0.001), with arrythmia being the most common type. Patients aged 80 to 89 years were at increased risk for medical complications (odds ratio [OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 7.3; p = 0.004) and readmission (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.7 to 6.3; p < 0.001) when adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and indication for revision. Octogenarians had a higher rate of reoperation following first-time revision than septuagenarians (10.3% versus 4.2%, p = 0.009).

Conclusions:
Octogenarians more commonly underwent revision THA for periprosthetic fracture and had higher rates of perioperative medical complications, 90-day readmissions, and reoperations than septuagenarians. Such findings should be considered when counseling patients on both primary and revision THAs.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine in Outpatients
Authors: Ghayour Anahita Eslami , Nazari Sasan , Keramat Fariba , Shahbazi Fatemeh , Ghayour Arash Eslami 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine on the recovery rate and prevention of hospitalization in outpatients with COVID-19. PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were divided into three groups: N-acetylcysteine group, Bromhexine group, and control group. Patients were followed up on the seventh and fourteenth days of the disease, and hospitalization and mortality rates were evaluated after one month. The study found that both N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine can effectively reduce hospitalization rates and mortality and shorten the duration of hospitalization. The third visit of patients who received N-acetylcysteine showed an increase of 1.33% in oxygen saturation compared to their first visit, and in patients who received Bromhexine, this increase was 1.19%. The mortality rate was 9.33% in the control group and zero in both groups of patients who received medication. This study provides evidence for the early initiation of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine in outpatients with COVID-19. Clinical trial code: IRCT20220302054167N1, ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.957.