bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic analysis of museum specimens of houting Coregonus oxyrinchus shows the need for a revision of its extinct status
Authors: Kroes R. , Winkel Y. , Breeuwer J. A. J. , van Loon E. E. , Loader S. P. , Maclaine J. S. , Verdonschot P. F. M. , van der Geest H. G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccording to the IUCN Red List the anadromous houtingCoregonus oxyrinchusis categorized as ‘extinct’. However, this extinct status might be incorrect because taxonomic difference betweenC. oxyrinchusand the closely related C. lavaretusis based on a disputable morphological comparison. Also, phylogenetic studies on mtDNA only focused on recent obtained coregonids. We are the first to perform a mtDNA analysis on both historic and recent specimens, including the syntype specimen which was used for species description by Linnaeus originally. Two primer pairs for mitochondrialCytBandND3were used to extract sequences for phylogenetic analysis. Sequences from 14 out of 21C. oxyrinchusmuseum specimens were successfully obtained and compared with sequences from recent obtainedC. lavaretus. The sequences were combined with GenBank data from a previous phylogenetic study on houting to create a phylogenetic tree and two minimum spanning haplotype networks. Results show thatC. oxyrinchusandC. lavaretusform a clade with limited genetic variation. Low bootstrap values also show weak support for geographical patterns in distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes. Statistical analysis of the haplotype networks also shows that historic and recent specimens are similar species. Our results suggest thatC. oxyrinchusis a junior synonym ofC. lavaretus. A definitive taxonomic revision could not be made because onlyCytBsequencing was successful for the syntype specimen. We discuss taxonomic consequences and the species-specific focus in nature conservation. We propose a shift in nature conservation to a more functional approach based on traits rather than species.
Point-of-care ultrasound in geriatrics: a national survey of VA medical centers
Authors: Gogtay Maya , Choudhury Ryan S. , Williams Jason P. , Mader Michael J. , Murray Kevin J. , Haro Elizabeth K. , Drum Brandy , O’Brien Edward , Khosla Rahul , Boyd Jeremy S. , Bales Brain , Wetherbee Erin , Sauthoff Harald , Schott Christopher K. , Basrai Zahir , Resop Dana , Lucas Brian P. , Sanchez-Reilly Sandra , Espinosa Sara , Soni Nilam J. , Nathanson Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) can aid geriatricians in caring for complex, older patients. Currently, there is limited literature on POCUS use by geriatricians. We conducted a national survey to assess current POCUS use, training desired, and barriers among Geriatrics and Extended Care (“geriatric”) clinics at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs).

Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study of all VAMCs between August 2019 and March 2020 using a web-based survey sent to all VAMC Chiefs of Staff and Chiefs of geriatric clinics.

Results
All Chiefs of Staff (n=130) completed the survey (100% response rate). Chiefs of geriatric clinics (“chiefs”) at 76 VAMCs were surveyed and 52 completed the survey (68% response rate). Geriatric clinics were located throughout the United States, mostly at high-complexity, urban VAMCs. Only 15% of chiefs responded that there was some POCUS usage in their geriatric clinic, but more than 60% of chiefs would support the implementation of POCUS use. The most common POCUS applications used in geriatric clinics were the evaluation of the bladder and urinary obstruction. Barriers to POCUS use included a lack of trained providers (56%), ultrasound equipment (50%), and funding for training (35%). Additionally, chiefs reported time utilization, clinical indications, and low patient census as barriers.

Conclusions
POCUS has several potential applications for clinicians caring for geriatric patients. Though only 15% of geriatric clinics at VAMCs currently use POCUS, most geriatric chiefs would support implementing POCUS use as a diagnostic tool. The greatest barriers to POCUS implementation in geriatric clinics were a lack of training and ultrasound equipment. Addressing these barriers systematically can facilitate implementation of POCUS use into practice and permit assessment of the impact of POCUS on geriatric care in the future.
Incidence and predictors of mortality among low birth weight neonates in the first week of life admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit in Northwestern Ethiopia comprehensive specialized hospitals, 2022. Multi-center institution-based retrospective follow-up study
Authors: Wondie Wubet Tazeb , Zeleke Kassaye Ahmed , Wubneh Chalachew Adugna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, a high number of neonatal mortalities occurs in the first week of life, particularly among low birth weight neonates in low-income countries, including Ethiopia. However, there is limited evidence on the early neonatal mortality of low-birth-weight neonates in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess incidence and predictors of mortality among low-birth-weight neonates in their first week of life admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit in Northwestern Ethiopia Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, 2022.

Methods
A multi-center retrospective follow-up study was conducted from March 21, 2020 to March 1, 2022, among 761 early neonates with low birth weight admitted in Northwestern Ethiopia Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals. The study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a data abstraction checklist ,and checked for completeness and entered into EPI data version 4.6, then exported to STATA 14 for analysis. Kaplan Meier failure curve and log-rank test were used to estimate and compare the probability of death. Both bivariable and multivariable Weibull regression models were fitted to identify predictors of mortality. Finally, a hazard ratio with 95% CI was computed, and variables having a p-value < 0.05 were considered as a significant predictor of mortality.

Results
The incidence of mortality among low birth weight neonates in their first week of life was 75.63 per 1000 neonate day observation (95% CI: 66.76–85.67), preeclampsia (AHR = 1.77;95% CI:1.32-2.36s), perinatal asphyxia (AHR = 1.64; 95% CI:1.14–2.36), respiratory distress syndrome (AHR = 1.76 95% CI;1.31–2.34), necrotizing enterocolitis (AHR = 2.78 95% CI;1.79–4.32), prematurity (AHR = 1.86; 95% CI:1.30–2.67), and birth weight < 1000gram (AHR = 3.13;95% CI: 1.91–5.12) and 1000–1499 gram (AHR = 1.99; 95% CI:1.47–2.68) were predictors.

Conclusion
The incidence of early neonatal mortality in low birth weight neonates was incredibly higher than the overall early neonatal mortality in Northwest Ethiopia (Amhara region). Preeclampsia, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, prematurity, and birth weight were predictors of mortality. Therefore, stakeholders shall give early identification and emphasis on preventable and treatable predictors. Furthermore, the health care provider shall give education about the importance of breastfeeding, and Antenatal and postnatal care.
Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Scale-Greek (TABS-Gr) version: translation and initial evaluation of psychometric properties among medical students
Authors: Voultsos Polychronis , Papana Angeliki , Alexandri Stella , Zymvragou Christina-Erato 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Transgender people face significantly greater discrimination and health disparities in health care settings than cisgender people. The role of education in eliminating this phenomenon has been increasingly recognized by many medical schools. However, transgender health content is sparse or lacking in the medical curricula of many countries.

Method
This study was designed to validate the Greek version of the Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (TABS-Gr). The study adopted a cross-sectional, comparative-descriptive research design. Participants (N = 203) were contacted through online recruitment and invited to complete an anonymous web-based survey. The data were collected between December 2022 and February 2023.

Results
The overall reliability of the TABS-Gr questionnaire was high (Cronbach’s α = 0.961, p. from Hotelling’s T-squared test < 0.000). High Cronbach’s alpha values were estimated for the three subscales, with α = 0.958 for Interpersonal Comfort, α = 0.906 for Gender Beliefs, and α = 0.952 for Human Values. Hotelling’s T-squared test confirmed that all items on the scale had the same mean (p < 0.001 for all subgroups). Explanatory factor analysis (EFA) demonstrated adequate fit. Convergent and discriminant validity were validated based on the estimated correlations. The three-factor structure of the Greek TABS version was confirmed. The mean total score was 155.95 (SD = 30.63), indicating that medical students had a moderately positive attitude towards transgender people. Participants showed significantly less biased (more tolerant, positive) attitudes towards transgender people on the Interpersonal Comfort (IC) and Human Value (HV) subscales than on the Sex/Gender Beliefs (SGB) subscale. A demographic comparison was conducted and demonstrated a correlation between scores and sociodemographics, except for place of origin. A statistically significant increase in the total mean score was estimated for women compared to men.

Conclusion
The overall psychometric findings provide some evidence to support the validity of the Greek version of the TABS. However, we call for further validation research in Greek medical schools. Since our claims for validity are based in part on an exploratory factor analysis, a future confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is part of our call for further validation research. While the results of this study are mostly in line with the results of previous research, some nuances were identified. These results may inform educators, medical school curricula and education policy-makers.
A self-management app to improve asthma control in adults with limited health literacy: a mixed-method feasibility study
Authors: Salim Hani , Cheong Ai Theng , Sharif-Ghazali Sazlina , Lee Ping Yein , Lim Poh Ying , Khoo Ee Ming , Hussein Norita , Harrun Noor Harzana , Ho Bee Kiau , Pinnock Hilary ,   RESPIRE Collaboration
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Digital technology tailored for those with limited health literacy has the potential to reduce health inequalities. Although mobile apps can support self-management in chronic diseases, there is little evidence that this approach applies to people with limited health literacy. We aimed to determine the acceptability of a self-management app in adults living with asthma and have limited health literacy and the feasibility of delivering the intervention and assessing outcomes.

Methods
We recruited eligible adults from the Klang Asthma Cohort registry in primary care for a 3-month mixed-method study plus a 2-month extended observation. We collected baseline data on socio-demography, health literacy and asthma control level. The outcomes of the intervention were assessed at 1- and 3-month: i) adoption (app download and usage), ii) adherence (app usage), iii) retention (app usage in the observation period), iv) health outcomes (e.g., severe asthma attacks) and v) process outcomes (e.g., ownership and use of action plans). At 1-month, participants were purposively sampled for in-depth interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed deductively.

Results
We recruited 48 participants; 35 participants (23 Female; median age = 43 years; median HLS score = 28) completed the 3 months study. Of these, 14 participants (10 Female; median age = 48 years; median HLS score = 28) provided interviews. Thirty-seven (77%) participants adopted the app (downloaded and used it in the first month of the study). The main factor reported as influencing adoption was the ease of using the app. A total of 950 app usage were captured during the 3-month feasibility study. App usage increased gradually, peaking at month 2 (355 total log-ins) accounting for 78% of users. In month 5, 51.4% of the participants used the app at least once. The main factors influencing continued use included adherence features (e.g., prompts and reminders), familiarity with app function and support from family members.

Conclusions
An asthma self-management app intervention was acceptable for adults with limited health literacy and it was feasible to collect the desired outcomes at different time points during the study. A future trial is warranted to estimate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the intervention and to explore implementation strategies.
Trajectory analysis of the work and life experience of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Zhu Pingting , Qian Meiyan , Lee Amanda , Hayter Mark , Wang Wen , Shi Guanghui , Wu Qiwei , Ji Qiaoying , Gu Xinyue , Zhang Hui , Ding Yinwen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a global health threat and has had a profoundly negative impact on the work and lives of healthcare workers. However, few people know how their experiences have evolved over time.

Aims
To describe healthcare workers’ experiences during clinical responses to COVID-19 and how they changed over time.

Design
A longitudinal qualitative study.

Methods
We undertook a series of four semi-structured qualitative interviews of 14 healthcare workers called as 1st responders to the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were recruited through purposive snowball sampling. Interviews were undertaken between May 2020 and May 2022 and trajectory approach was used to reveal individual experiences over time. This paper follows the COREQ (Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidance.

Results
Data analysis yielded the following four themes: (1) Changes in emotions; (2) Changes in organization and management of care; (3) Changes in knowledge and capabilities; and (4) Changes in outlook on life and career.

Conclusion
Healthcare workers have become stronger in the pandemic and have demonstrated a high degree of professional loyalty and responsibility. However, there is a need to focus on the issue of jealousy and create a harmonious and safe work environment to reduce harm to healthcare workers. Additionally, human resource management strategies must support well-being of healthcare workers and maximize the efficiency of human resource utilization to enable them to respond to current and future needs and emergencies.
The spillover effect of after-hours electronic communication on nurses’ cyberloafing: the mediating role of psychological contract breach
Authors: Zhang Na , Liu Xiaoyun , Li Jingjing , Xu Zhen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Considerable research has investigated the influencing factors of cyberloafing in the workplace. However, few studies have focused on the antecedents in non-work fields, especially for nurses. According to the effort-reward imbalance theory, this study aims to explore the spillover effect of after-hours electronic communication on nurses’ cyberloafing, and the mediating role of psychological contract breach.

Methods
A total of 282 nurses completed the online survey. PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to test how after-hour electronic communication affect nurses’ cyberloafing.

Results
After-hours electronic communication has a significant positive impact on nurses’ cyberloafing, and psychological contract breach plays a mediating role in the relationship.

Conclusion
Psychological contract breach was the linchpin linking after-hours electronic communication to nurses’ cyberloafing in workplace. This study provides a guide for healthcare organizations to reduce or manage inappropriate telework arrangements and strengthen nurses’ psychological contracts.
A biphasic effect of age on CPAP adherence: a cross-sectional study of 26,343 patients
Authors: Prigent Arnaud , Blanloeil Clément , Serandour Anne-Laure , Barlet Franck , Gagnadoux Frédéric , Jaffuel Dany 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
As the prevalence of OSA increases in older patients, the proportion of elderly patients treated with CPAP is expected to become even higher. We studied CPAP-adherence in a real-life cohort involving a large population of elderly patients with OSA.

Methods
eQUALISAS is a cross-sectional study of CPAP treated OSA patients for at least 4 months who received remote monitoring during 2021. CPAP adherence, device-reported residual AHI (AHICPAP) and 95th percentile non-intentional leaks were software collected during January 2021. Age and sex were also collected.

Results
Data from 26,343 patients including 1656 patients aged [80–85] years and 639 patients aged ≥ 85 years were analysed. Median CPAP adherence increases from 6.3 h (< 50 years) to 7 h (75–80 years) and decreases after this age (p < 0.001). The decrease in CPAP adherence observed after the age of 80 was associated with an increase in the proportion of patients with a CPAP-adherence < 4 h/day (p < 0.001). Proportion of CPAP treated female, patients having AHICPAP mean ≥ 10 events per hour or 95th percentile non-intentional leaks mean over 24 l/min increase with aging of the population. However, for patients over 80 years old, Chi square test showed no association of adherence with gender, AHICPAP and leaks (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that adherence gradually increases with age until 80 years. The proportion of non-adherent patients grows with age after 80 years old. No significative relationship was found between adherence after 80 years old and gender, leaks and AHICPAP.
Trial registration: The study is registered on Health Data Hub platform (No. F20220715144543).
Plant-based dietary patterns, genetic predisposition and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study from the UK Biobank
Authors: Liu Fubin , Lv Yanling , Peng Yu , Qiao Yating , Wang Peng , Si Changyu , Wang Xixuan , Gong Jianxiao , Zhou Huijun , Zhang Ming , Chen Liangkai , Song Fangfang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Plant-based dietary patterns may affect colorectal cancer (CRC) related outcomes, while risks differ in the quality of plant foods. We aimed to examine the association of plant-based diet quality with risks of CRC incidence and mortality and whether this association was modified by genetic risk.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included 186,675 participants free of cancer when the last dietary recall was completed. We calculated three plant-based diet indices (PDIs), i.e., the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and the unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) representing adherence to plant-based diets with diverse quality. Genetic risk was characterized using a weighted polygenic risk score (PRS), capturing overall risk variants associated with CRC. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidential intervals (CI) were estimated by the cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
Over a follow-up of 9.5 years, 2163 cases and 466 deaths from CRC were documented. The HR of CRC incidence was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.81–0.96) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84–0.99) per 10-score increase in PDI and hPDI, respectively. Compared to the lowest quartile, PDI, hPDI, and uPDI in the highest quartile were associated with a 13% decrease, a 15% decrease, and a 14% increase in risk of incident CRC, respectively. We found a joint association of genetic risk and PDIs with incident CRC, with the highest hazard observed in those carrying higher PRS and adhering to lower-quality PDIs. The inverse association of PDI and hPDI with CRC mortality was pronounced in males.

Conclusions
Our results suggested that better adherence to overall and healthful plant-based diets was associated with a lower risk of CRC, whereas an unhealthful plant-based diet was associated with a higher CRC risk. Consumption of a higher-quality plant-based diet combined with decreased genetic risk conferred less susceptibility to CRC. Our findings highlighted the importance of food quality when adhering to a plant-based dietary pattern for CRC prevention in the general population.
Glycolytic shift during West Nile virus infection provides new therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Mingo-Casas Patricia , Blázquez Ana-Belén , Gómez de Cedrón Marta , San-Félix Ana , Molina Susana , Escribano-Romero Estela , Calvo-Pinilla Eva , Jiménez de Oya Nereida , Ramírez de Molina Ana , Saiz Juan-Carlos , Pérez-Pérez María-Jesús , Martín-Acebes Miguel A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Viral rewiring of host bioenergetics and immunometabolism may provide novel targets for therapeutic interventions against viral infections. Here, we have explored the effect on bioenergetics during the infection with the mosquito-borne flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV), a medically relevant neurotropic pathogen causing outbreaks of meningitis and encephalitis worldwide.

Results
A systematic literature search and meta-analysis pointed to a misbalance of glucose homeostasis in the central nervous system of WNV patients. Real-time bioenergetic analyses confirmed upregulation of aerobic glycolysis and a reduction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during viral replication in cultured cells. Transcriptomics analyses in neural tissues from experimentally infected mice unveiled a glycolytic shift including the upregulation of hexokinases 2 and 3 (Hk2 and Hk3) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4). Treatment of infected mice with the Hk inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, or the Pdk4 inhibitor, dichloroacetate, alleviated WNV-induced neuroinflammation.

Conclusions
These results highlight the importance of host energetic metabolism and specifically glycolysis in WNV infection in vivo. This study provides proof of concept for the druggability of the glycolytic pathway for the future development of therapies to combat WNV pathology.
Towards a better preclinical cancer model – human immune aging in humanized mice
Authors: Tan Joel H. L. , Hwang You Yi , Chin Hui Xian , Liu Min , Tan Sue Yee , Chen Qingfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Preclinical models are often used for cancer studies and evaluation of novel therapeutics. The relevance of these models has vastly improved with mice bearing a human immune system, especially in the context of immunotherapy. Nonetheless, cancer is an age-related disease, and studies often overlook the effects of aging. Here we have established a humanized mouse model of human immune aging to investigate the role of this phenomenon on liver tumor dynamics.

Methods
Multiple organs and tissues (blood, thymus, lung, liver, spleen and bone marrow) were harvested from NOD-scid IL2rγ−/− (NIKO) mice reconstituted with human immune cells, over a period of 60 weeks post-birth, for immune profiling. Young and aging immune cells were compared for transcriptomic changes and functional differences. Effect of immune aging was investigated in a liver cancer humanized mouse model.

Results
Focusing on the T cell population, which is central to cancer immunosurveillance and immunotherapy, we showed that the proportion of naïve T cells declined while memory subsets and senescent-like cells increased with age. RNA-sequencing revealed that downregulated genes were related to immune responses and processes, and this was corroborated by reduced cytokine production in aging T cells. Finally, we showed faster liver tumor growth in aging than younger humanized mice, which could be attributed to specific pathways of aging T cell exhaustion.

Conclusion
Our work improves on existing humanized (immune) mouse model and highlights the importance of considering immune aging in liver cancer modeling.