bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of possible tardive dyskinesia on physical wellness and social functioning: results from the real-world RE-KINECT study
Authors: Tanner Caroline M. , Caroff Stanley N. , Cutler Andrew J. , Lenderking William R. , Shalhoub Huda , Pagé Véronique , Franey Ericha G. , Serbin Michael , Yonan Chuck 
Published: March 2023

﻿Abstract
Background
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a persistent and potentially disabling movement disorder associated with antipsychotic use. Data from RE-KINECT, a real-world study of antipsychotic-treated outpatients, were analyzed to assess the effects of possible TD on patient health and social functioning.

Methods
Analyses were conducted in Cohort 1 (patients with no abnormal involuntary movements) and Cohort 2 (patients with possible TD per clinician judgment). Assessments included: EuroQoL’s EQ-5D-5L utility (health); Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) total score (social functioning); patient- and clinician-rated severity of possible TD (“none”, “some”, “a lot”); and patient-rated impact of possible TD (“none”, “some”, “a lot”). Regression models were used to analyze the following: associations between higher (worse) severity/impact scores and lower (worse) EQ-5D-5L utility (indicated by negative regression coefficients); and associations between higher (worse) severity/impact scores and higher (worse) SDS total score (indicated by positive regression coefficients).

Results
In Cohort 2 patients who were aware of their abnormal movements, patient-rated TD impact was highly and significantly associated with EQ-5D-5L utility (regression coefficient: − 0.023, P < 0.001) and SDS total score (1.027, P < 0.001). Patient-rated severity was also significantly associated with EQ-5D-5L utility (− 0.028, P < 0.05). Clinician-rated severity was moderately associated with both EQ-5D-5L and SDS, but these associations were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Patients were consistent in evaluating the impacts of possible TD on their lives, whether based on subjective ratings (“none”, “some”, “a lot”) or standardized instruments (EQ-5D-5L, SDS). Clinician-rated severity of TD may not always correlate with patient perceptions of the significance of TD.
Psychometric performance of the Chichewa versions of the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L among healthy and sick children and adolescents in Malawi
Authors: Ngwira Lucky G. , Maheswaran Hendramoorthy , Verstraete Janine , Petrou Stavros , Niessen Louis , Smith Sarah C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe EuroQol Group has developed an extended version of the EQ-5D-Y-3L with five response levels for each of its five dimensions (EQ-5D-Y-5L). The psychometric performance has been reported in several studies for the EQ-5D-Y-3L but not for the EQ-5D-Y-5L. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L Chichewa (Malawi) versions.MethodsThe EQ-5D-Y-3L, EQ-5D-Y-5L and PedsQL™ 4.0 Chichewa versions were administered to children and adolescents aged 8–17 years in Blantyre, Malawi. Both of the EQ-5D-Y versions were evaluated for missing data, floor/ceiling effects, and validity (convergent, discriminant, known-group and empirical).ResultsA total of 289 participants (95 healthy, and 194 chronic and acute) self-completed the questionnaires. There was little problem with missing data (< 5%) except in children aged 8–12 years particularly for the EQ-5D-Y-5L. Ceiling effects was generally reduced in moving from the EQ-5D-Y-3L to the EQ-5D-Y-5L. For both EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L, convergent validity tested with PedsQL™ 4.0 was found to be satisfactory (correlation ≥ 0.4) at scale level but mixed at dimension /sub-scale level. There was evidence of discriminant validity (p > 0.05) with respect to gender and age, but not for school grade (p < 0.05). For empirical validity, the EQ-5D-Y-5L was 31–91% less efficient than the EQ-5D-Y-3L at detecting differences in health status using external measures.ConclusionsBoth versions of the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L had issues with missing data in younger children. Convergent validity, discriminant validity with respect to gender and age, and known-group validity of either measures were also met for use among children and adolescents in this population, although with some limitations (discriminant validity by grade and empirical validity). The EQ-5D-Y-3L seems particularly suited for use in younger children (8–12 years) and the EQ-5D-Y-5L in adolescents (13–17 years). However, further psychometric testing is required for test re-test reliability and responsiveness that could not be carried out in this study due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Recent advances concerning polyurethane in leather applications: an overview of conventional and greener solutions
Authors: Liu Jize , Recupido Federica , Lama Giuseppe Cesare , Oliviero Maria , Verdolotti Letizia , Lavorgna Marino 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLeather is one of the most popular products across globe and holds a significant place in the economy, while the pollution, associated to traditional leather industry, is far away on the “green chemistry” principles. In this sense, polyurethanes, which exhibit tunable chemical structures by selecting suitable precursors, can fit specific requirements, and the developments of green strategies make them important candidates for leather industry. This mini review briefly outlines the recent development of conventional (petrol-based) and sustainable polyurethanes in the leather industry, including their design and properties, in applications such as synthetic leather and surface-finishing (coatings/binders). Finally, outlooks of the future tendency, including more environmental-friendly strategies, bio-sourced/recycled materials and development of high-value multifunctional leather materials, are also here proposed.

Graphical Abstract
Cushing Syndrome due to a Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Treated With Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Gugger Aristea Sideri , Fang Jiali , Visrodia Kavel H , Page-Wilson Gabrielle 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Delayed diagnosis of Cushing syndrome (CS) results in advanced disease, treatment delays, and poor outcomes. We present a patient with ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) whose care posed diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A 59-year-old female with classic Cushing stigmata, biochemical evidence of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism, and a 5-mm pituitary lesion presented for inferior petrosal sinus sampling, which was contraindicated due to non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and acute/subacute strokes. Whole-body computed tomography (CT) scan was unrevealing, but elevations in chromogranin A and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) concentrations suggested EAS. Positron emission tomography-CT with gallium 68-DOTATATE demonstrated a 7-mm pancreatic tail lesion, suspicious for a pancreatic NET. The patient was not a surgical candidate and treatment with ketoconazole was complicated by hepatoxicity. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy and radiofrequency ablation of the lesion was pursued. Pathology confirmed ACTH immunoreactive low-grade pancreatic NET. Post procedure, sustained normalization of ACTH and cortisol was achieved. This case supports the utility of POMC measurements in the differential diagnosis of CS and the use of advanced nuclear imaging for tumor localization. For patients with functional pancreatic NET who are poor surgical candidates or intolerant of pharmacotherapy, novel endoscopic ablation may offer a low-risk therapeutic option and should be further investigated.
Marked Hypoleptinemia Precedes Overt Fat Loss in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Acquired Generalized Lipodystrophy
Authors: Dhanasekaran Maheswaran , Sandooja Rashi , Higgins Alexandra S , Simha Vinaya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cancer cells that evade immune T-cell regulation have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic carcinomas. Unfortunately, secondary endocrinopathies associated with ICI, including adrenal insufficiency, primary hypothyroidism, autoimmune diabetes, and rarely hypoparathyroidism, are increasing. Lipodystrophy, presumably due to the autoimmune destruction of adipocytes, leading to metabolic complications, is a less recognized adverse effect of ICI therapy. We present a case of a 66-year-old Caucasian woman treated with pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed death 1 inhibitor, for metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Fifteen months after the treatment initiation, she was found to have hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic steatosis but without any evidence of autoimmune diabetes. She was also noted to have isolated buccal fat pad loss, raising suspicion of acquired lipodystrophy. Despite well-preserved subcutaneous fat over the trunk and limbs, she had undetectable serum leptin levels. Whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography scan showed diffuse mild FDG activity throughout the subcutaneous tissue, suggesting underlying inflammation. Over the next 3 months, she developed progressive fat loss leading to generalized lipodystrophy. Adipose tissue dysfunction, secondary to ICI-induced subclinical panniculitis, precedes overt fat loss and is characterized by hypoleptinemia and metabolic abnormalities.
“The very palpitation of life!”: “The Leaves Are Stirring” in Context
Authors: Cerecina Ivan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper describes the history of the writing and the intellectual context for Nicole Vedrès's essay “The Leaves Are Stirring.” It places Vedrès's claims about cinematic realism and montage in dialogue with canonical theorizations of film theory in France at this pivotal postwar moment, including the writing of André Bazin, André Malraux, Roger Leenhardt, and Alexandre Astruc. It draws out the points of contact between Vedrès's text and these better-known studies of film aesthetics, placing the piece in the context of contemporary aesthetic discourse and arguing for its singularity in the landscape of postwar French film writing. Opening out from this historical context, it closes by gesturing toward the modernity of Vedrès's essay in terms of more contemporary archival filmmaking, as well as thinking on the relationship between cinema and history.
Bodies in Water: Disability Cinemas and Creatures of the Sea
Authors: Ben Ayoun Emma 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Jacques Audiard's Rust and Bone (France, 2012) and Guillermo del Toro's The Shape of Water (US, 2017) tell, in very different ways, a familiar story: a disabled, female protagonist is rehabilitated by romance, restored in her role as the object of heterosexual desire. Stephanie, in Audiard's film, has both her legs amputated after an accident at her job training orca whales. The mute Eliza, in del Toro's, falls in love with an amphibian creature held captive in the laboratory where she works as a cleaner. Why these invocations of the sea and its creatures? What makes marine life such a compelling metaphor in disability narrative? Here the author considers the ways that water and aquatic animals trouble the boundary between life and nonlife, gesture toward the always-uninhabitable space of the other, and become points of contact between the visual and the material. In both films, these images, the author argues, reveal cinema's fantasies of weightlessness and containment, ableist fantasies that are always steeped in the desire to preserve the spectator's imagined bodily integrity. But these metaphors also reveal cinema's ability to confound space and visibility, to produce discontinuous and immaterial forms of life, and, in so doing, to challenge dominant notions of embodiment and wholeness. Drawing on contemporary work in disability theory as well as the writings of John Berger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Gilles Deleuze, the author offers a reading of these films that both lays bare the extent of their ableism and locates the moments in which they offer us ways of thinking otherwise.
Carbon and nitrogen uptake through photosynthesis and feeding by photosymbiotic Acantharia
Authors: Mansour Joost Samir , Hansen Per Juel , Leroux Cédrix , Not Fabrice 
Published: March 2023

Background: Mixotrophy, combining phagotrophy and photoautotrophy in order to acquire nutrients and energy, is a widespread trophic mode in marine protist plankton. Acantharia (Radiolaria) are ubiquitous, but still uncultured oceanic protists. Many of them are mixoplanktic by endosymbiotic relations with microalgae. Here we aimed at quantitatively assessing phototrophy (inorganic nutrients) and phagotrophy (organic nutrients) of photosymbiotic Acantharia, to understand their physiology, and thereby improve integrations of mixotrophy into ecological models of oceanic ecosystems. Methods: Freshly collected Acantharia were incubated with stable isotopes of inorganic carbon and nitrogen to determine photosynthetic uptake rates. Grazing experiments (prey disappearance) were done with different algal cultures as potential food organisms to measure the contribution of prey ingestion to the acantharian metabolism. Fluorescently (and isotopically) labelled prey was used to verify prey uptake, qualitatively. Results/Conclusions: Carbon uptake rates were unaffected by the nitrogen source (i.e., nitrate or ammonium). Total carbon inorganic uptake rate was 1112±82 pgC h-1 Acantharia‑1, 22.3±1.6 pgC h-1 symbiont cell-1assuming 50 symbionts per Acantharia, at ~155-μmol photons m−2 s−1 irradiance. The Acantharia studied could use both inorganic ammonium and nitrate, but ammonium was taken up at a ~5 times higher rate. Prey ingestion of the haptophyte, Isochrysis galbana, was detected using labelled algae. Significant grazing by Acantharia could only be established on the dinoflagellate Effrenium voratum, with a grazing rate of 728 prey Acantharia‑1 hour-1 (i.e., ~56.3 ngC h-1, 46% of total holobiont carbon content) at a ratio of 1.06x104 prey predator-1. Daily photosynthetic carbon uptake rates made up ~14.5% of the total holobiont carbon content (0.9% hourly). The extent to which photosynthates are used and assimilated by the acantharian cell and/or if it is used for catabolic processes to obtain energy is still to be studied. Isotopic ratios further suggests seasonal differences in the usage of each trophic mode.
Labor Unemployment Risk and CEO Incentive Compensation
Authors: Ellul Andrew , Wang Cong , Zhang Kuo 
Published: March 2023

Unemployment risk influences workers’ incentives to invest in firm-specific human capital. This paper investigates the impact of unemployment risk on chief executive officers (CEOs)’ risk-taking incentive compensation. Exploiting state-level changes in unemployment benefits, we find that after unemployment insurance benefits become more generous, boards increase the convex payoff structure of CEO pay to encourage risk taking. The increase in CEOs’ convexity payoff is stronger in firms with more independent and diverse boards, higher ownership of long-term shareholders, and in industries requiring highly skilled labor. Our findings suggest that boards internalize workers’ interests in firms’ risk-taking decisions and executive compensation is one mechanism used. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance. Funding: K. Zhang acknowledges financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72272099 and 71902115]. Supplemental Material: Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4714 .
educating selves in a tech addicted age.
Authors: Chen Jason , Gardner Susan T. 
Published: March 2023

In this paper we argue that, if it is true that maximum self-development is better both for individuals and society, and if it is true that that self-development is being seriously curtailed by pervasive environmental tech forces, then clearly educational systems, since they are guardians of “developing” young humans, have a moral imperative to push back against forces that diminish the self. On the other hand, if it is not true that “more self is always better,” that perhaps “goodness of fit” between self and society is optimum, then education systems are justified in continuing to pay scant attention to the forces of self-development (or lack thereof). In line with Sherry Turkle’s (2011) argument that tech forces are diminishing the sort of reflective reasoning necessary for self-development, we will argue that since communicative interchange is necessary for self-development, and an ever-developing self is necessary for ever deeper and more meaningful dialogue (hence forming a dialectic), the fact that social media and other forms of tech connection stunts deep and meaningful interchange has serious implications. Specifically, we will argue that, in contemporary high-tech society (what we are calling Society 2.0), the dialectic between self and communication is going the “wrong” way; that genuine dialogue is becoming ever more rare, which in turn is resulting in “diminished-I’s,” which in turn is resulting in ever more complacency in the face of utterly superficial communicative interchange. We will begin with an overview of what we mean by a “diminished-I,” and then follow by noting how social media, the reading vacuum, roboticism, crowd communication, and decreasing social capital are resulting in diminished-I’s. Since this is resulting in an “I-diminished” society, we will reflect on the question of whether those dialogical educational initiatives that promote self-development are, in fact, making dodos, i.e., making youngsters unfit for the environment in which they find themselves. Ultimately, we will argue that, if educators choose to fight back against the I-diminishing forces of Society 2.0, they need to take selves seriously and actively engage youngsters in dialogue with those with opposing viewpoints. Ultimately, youngsters in Society 2.0 will need all the assistance educators can muster to fight the addictive, literally mind-numbing forces of being “happily” “alone together,” and instead chose the riskier often unhappy-making option of diving into the truth-seeking process with varying coalitions of the willing.
Ten (not so) simple rules for clinical trial data-sharing
Authors: Pellen Claude , Le Louarn Anne , Spurrier-Bernard Gilliosa , Decullier Evelyne , Chrétien Jean-Marie , Rosenthal Eric , Le Goff Gérard , Moher David , Ioannidis John P. A. , Naudet Florian 
Published: March 2023

Clinical trial data-sharing is seen as an imperative for research integrity and is becoming increasingly encouraged or even required by funders, journals, and other stakeholders. However, early experiences with data-sharing have been disappointing because they are not always conducted properly. Health data is indeed sensitive and not always easy to share in a responsible way. We propose 10 rules for researchers wishing to share their data. These rules cover the majority of elements to be considered in order to start the commendable process of clinical trial data-sharing:

Rule 1: Abide by local legal and regulatory data protection requirements
Rule 2: Anticipate the possibility of clinical trial data-sharing before obtaining funding
Rule 3: Declare your intent to share data in the registration step
Rule 4: Involve research participants
Rule 5: Determine the method of data access
Rule 6: Remember there are several other elements to share
Rule 7: Do not proceed alone
Rule 8: Deploy optimal data management to ensure that the data shared is useful
Rule 9: Minimize risks
Rule 10: Strive for excellence.
Association between acculturation and physician trust for internal migrants: A cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Dong Enhong , Xu Ting , Sun Xiaoting , Wang Tao , Wang Yang , Shi Jiahua 
Published: March 2023

Background
Physician trust is a critical determinant of the physician–patient relationship and is necessary for an effective health system. Few studies have investigated the association between acculturation and physician trust. Thus, this study analyzed the association between acculturation and physician trust among internal migrants in China by using a cross-sectional research design.

Methods
Of the 2000 adult migrants selected using systematic sampling, 1330 participants were eligible. Among the eligible participants, 45.71% were female, and the mean age was 28.50 years old (standard deviation = 9.03). Multiple logistic regression was employed.

Results
Our findings indicated that acculturation was significantly associated with physician trust among migrants. The length of stay (LOS), the ability of speaking Shanghainese, and the integration into daily life were identified as contributing factors for physician trust when controlling for all the covariates in the model.

Conclusion
We suggest that specific LOS-based targeted policies and culturally sensitive interventions can promote acculturation among Shanghai’s migrants and improve their physician trust.
The impact of visuospatial and executive function on activity performance and outcome after robotic or conventional gait training, long-term after stroke—as part of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bergqvist Maria , Möller Marika C , Björklund Martin , Borg Jörgen , Palmcrantz Susanne 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionVisuospatial and executive impairments have been associated with poor activity performance sub-acute after stroke. Potential associations long-term and in relation to outcome of rehabilitation interventions need further exploration.AimsTo explore associations between visuospatial and executive function and 1) activity performance (mobility, self-care and domestic life) and 2) outcome after 6 weeks of conventional gait training and/or robotic gait training, long term (1–10 years) after stroke.MethodsParticipants (n = 45), living with stroke affecting walking ability and who could perform the items assessing visuospatial/executive function included in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA Vis/Ex) were included as part of a randomized controlled trial. Executive function was evaluated using ratings by significant others according to the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX); activity performance using 6-minute walk test (6MWT), 10-meter walk test (10MWT), Berg balance scale, Functional Ambulation Categories, Barthel Index and Stroke Impact Scale.ResultsMoCA Vis/Ex was significantly associated with baseline activity performance, long-term after stroke (r= .34-.69,p< .05). In the conventional gait training group, MoCA Vis/Ex explained 34% of the variance in 6MWT after the six-week intervention (p= 0.017) and 31% (p= 0.032) at the 6 month follow up, which indicate that a higher MoCA Vis/Ex score enhanced the improvement. The robotic gait training group presented no significant associations between MoCA Vis/Ex and 6MWT indicating that visuospatial/executive function did not affect outcome. Rated executive function (DEX) presented no significant associations to activity performance or outcome after gait training.ConclusionVisuospatial/executive function may significantly affect activity performance and the outcome of rehabilitation interventions for impaired mobility long-term after stroke and should be considered in the planning of such interventions. Patients with severely impaired visuospatial/executive function may benefit from robotic gait training since improvement was seen irrespective of visuospatial/executive function. These results may guide future larger studies on interventions targeting long-term walking ability and activity performance.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov (NCT02545088) August 24, 2015.