bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol intake and dyslipidemia in male patients with hypertension and diabetes enrolled in a China multicenter registry
Authors: Ye Xiao‐Fei , Miao Chao‐Ying , Zhang Wei , Ji Li‐Nong , Wang Ji‐Guang ,   and for the ATTEND investigators
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlcohol consumption is a proven risk factor of dyslipidemia. In the present analysis, we investigated the association of alcohol intake with dyslipidemia, an emerging epidemic in China, in male patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Our study participants were from a nationwide registry (n = 1181). A questionnaire was administered to collect information on alcohol intake. Dyslipidemia was defined as an elevated concentration of serum triglycerides (≥2.3 mmol/L), total (≥6.2 mmol/L) or low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (≥4.1 mmol/L), or a reduced high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (< 1.0 mmol/L). Serum concentrations of triglycerides (1.60 mmol/L) and total (4.93 mmol/L) and LDL cholesterol (2.95 mmol/L) were highest with current usual drinking, with a significant P value for trend from never (n = 679) to ever (n = 107) and to rare (n = 187) and usual drinkers (n = 208, P ≤ .002). Serum HDL cholesterol (1.13 mmol/L) was lowest in ever drinkers, with a nonsignificant P value for trend (P = .22). The prevalence was highest in usual drinkers for hypertriglyceridemia (27.4%) and total (12.5%) and LDL hypercholesterolemia (8.7%), and in ever drinkers for low HDL cholesterol (34.6%). The P value for trend was significant for hypertriglyceridemia and total hypercholesterolemia (P ≤ .01), but not for LDL hypercholesterolemia or low HDL cholesterol (P ≥ .26). The between‐province ecological analysis showed that the proportion of usual drinking was significantly associated with the prevalence of any dyslipidemia across 10 China provinces (r = .42, P < .0001). In conclusion, alcohol drinkers showed a worse lipid profile in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Usual drinking ecologically explained the between‐province variation in the prevalence of dyslipidemia.
Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing prion improve outcomes via the NLRP3 inflammasome/DAMP signalling after spinal cord injury in rat
Authors: Yin Tsung‐Cheng , Li Yi‐Chen , Sung Pei‐Hsun , Chiang John Y. , Shao Pei‐Lin , Yip Hon‐Kan , Lee Mel S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly destructive disease in human neurological functions. Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have tissue regenerations and anti‐inflammations, especially with prion protein overexpression (PrPcOE). Therefore, this study tested whether PrPcOE‐ADMSCs therapy offered benefits in improving outcomes via regulating nod‐like‐receptor‐protein‐3 (NLRP3) inflammasome/DAMP signalling after acute SCI in rats. Compared with ADMSCs only, the capabilities of PrPcOE‐ADMSCs were significantly enhanced in cellular viability, anti‐oxidative stress and migration against H2O2 and lipopolysaccharide damages. Similarly, PrPcOE‐ADMSCs significantly inhibited the inflammatory patterns of Raw264.7 cells. The SD rats (n = 32) were categorized into group 1 (Sham‐operated‐control), group 2 (SCI), group 3 (SCI + ADMSCs) and group 4 (SCI + PrPcOE‐ADMSCs). Compared with SCI group 2, both ADMSCs and PrPcOE‐ADMSCs significantly improved neurological functions. Additionally, the circulatory inflammatory cytokines levels (TNF‐α/IL‐6) and inflammatory cells (CD11b/c+/MPO+/Ly6G+) were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4. By Day 3 after SCI induction, the protein expressions of inflammasome signalling (HGMB1/TLR4/MyD88/TRIF/c‐caspase8/FADD/p‐NF‐κB/NEK7/NRLP3/ASC/c‐caspase1/IL‐ß) and by Day 42 the protein expressions of DAMP‐inflammatory signalling (HGMB1/TLR‐4/MyD88/TRIF/TRAF6/p‐NF‐κB/TNF‐α/IL‐1ß) in spinal cord tissues displayed an identical pattern as the inflammatory patterns. In conclusion, PrPcOE‐ADMSCs significantly attenuated SCI in rodents that could be through suppressing the inflammatory signalling.
The burden of Clostridioides difficile on COVID‐19 hospitalizations in the USA
Authors: Sohal Aalam , Chaudhry Hunza , Singla Piyush , Sharma Raghav , Kohli Isha , Dukovic Dino , Prajapati Devang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital acquired‐infectious diarrhea in the USA. In this study, we assess the prevalence and impact of CDI in COVID‐19 hospitalizations in the USA.MethodsWe used the 2020 National Inpatient Sample database to identify adult patients with COVID‐19. The patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence of CDI. The impact of CDI on outcomes such as in‐hospital mortality, ICU admission, shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), and sepsis rates. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of CDI on outcomes.ResultsThe study population comprised 1581 585 patients with COVID‐19. Among these, 0.65% of people had a CDI. There was a higher incidence of mortality in patients with COVID‐19 and CDI compared with patients without COVID‐19 (23.25% vs 13.33%, P < 0.001). The patients with COVID‐19 and CDI had a higher incidence of sepsis (7.69% vs 5%, P < 0.001), shock (23.59% vs 8.59%, P < 0.001), ICU admission (25.54% vs 12.28%, P < 0.001), and AKI (47.71% vs 28.52%, P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, patients with CDI had a statistically significant higher risk of mortality than those without (aOR = 1.47, P < 0.001). We also noted a statistically significant higher risk of sepsis (aOR = 1.47, P < 0.001), shock (aOR = 2.7, P < 0.001), AKI (aOR = 1.55, P < 0.001), and ICU admission (aOR = 2.16, P < 0.001) in the study population.ConclusionsOur study revealed the prevalence of CDI in COVID‐19 patients was 0.65%. Although the prevalence was low, its presence is associated with worse outcomes and higher resource utilization.
Limited physician knowledge of sarcopenia: A survey
Authors: Guralnik Jack M. , Cawthon Peggy M. , Bhasin Shalender , Fielding Roger , Magaziner Jay , Cruz‐Jentoft Alfonso J. , Vellas Bruno , Clarke Lindsay , Lattimer Laura , Evans William 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia, a reduction in skeletal muscle mass and function, is a condition that contributes to functional decline and disability in older adults. Although research on this geriatric condition has developed rapidly in recent years, little work has been done to document whether practicing physicians are incorporating sarcopenia into their clinical practice.MethodsAn online survey of 253 practicing U.S. physicians assessed knowledge of sarcopenia, use of the term in practice, motivation for screening patients, and diagnostic and treatment approaches. They were board certified in four practice areas: internal medicine (n = 69), family medicine (n = 69), geriatrics (n = 40), or physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) (n = 75).ResultsLess than 20% of internists and family medicine physicians reported being very familiar with the term sarcopenia, with substantially higher familiarity at this level reported among geriatricians (70%) and among PM&R specialists (41%). Two additional findings pointed to deficiencies in sarcopenia knowledge and practice: participants substantially overestimated the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults (44% of participants reported an expected prevalence of >25%) compared to findings from published studies (indicating 10% of older adults experience sarcopenia); over 75% reported not typically using specific diagnostic criteria or being unsure if their approach utilized any specific criteria. When asked what terminology they use in a medical chart for a patient presenting with significant loss of muscle mass and strength, only 8% said sarcopenia.ConclusionsSarcopenia, a condition that can have a major impact on older adults as they age, has not been fully incorporated into the knowledge base and practices of active physicians. The survey data suggest that improving physician familiarity with sarcopenia and having universal agreement on criteria for diagnosis may increase the screening for and treatment of sarcopenia.
A Nicotiana benthamiana receptor‐like kinase regulates Phytophthora resistance by coupling with BAK1 to enhance elicitin‐triggered immunity
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Yin Zhiyuan , Pi Lei , Wang Nan , Wang Jinghao , Peng Hao , Dou Daolong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCell‐surface‐localized leucine‐rich‐repeat receptor‐like kinases (LRR‐RLKs) are crucial for plant immunity. Most LRR‐RLKs that act as receptors directly recognize ligands via a large extracellular domain (ECD), whereas LRR‐RLK that serve as regulators are relatively small and contain fewer LRRs. Here, we identified LRR‐RLK regulators using high‐throughput tobacco rattle virus (TRV)‐based gene silencing in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. We used the cell‐death phenotype caused by INF1, an oomycete elicitin that induces pattern‐triggered immunity, as an indicator. By screening 33 small LRR‐RLKs (≤6 LRRs) of unknown function, we identified ELICITIN INSENSITIVE RLK 1 (NbEIR1) as a positive regulator of INF1‐induced immunity and oomycete resistance. Nicotiana benthamiana mutants of eir1 generated by CRISPR/Cas9‐editing showed significantly compromised immune responses to INF1 and were more vulnerable to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici. NbEIR1 associates with BRI1‐ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (NbBAK1) and a downstream component, BRASSINOSTEROID‐SIGNALING KINASE 1 (NbBSK1). NbBSK1 also contributes to INF1‐induced defense and P. capsici resistance. Upon INF1 treatment, NbEIR1 was released from NbBAK1 and NbBSK1 in vivo. Moreover, the silencing of NbBSK1 compromised the association of NbEIR1 with NbBAK1. We also showed that NbEIR1 regulates flg22‐induced immunity and associates with its receptor, FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (NbFLS2). Collectively, our results suggest that NbEIR1 is a novel regulatory element for BAK1‐dependent immunity. NbBSK1–NbEIR1 association is required for maintaining the NbEIR1/NbBAK1 complex in the resting state.
Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of cardiovascular disease prevention in young adults in the country of Georgia
Authors: Crawford Kimberley , Jakub Karen , Lockhart Joan Such , Wold Judith Lupo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 46% of all mortality in the country of Georgia (former Soviet Union). Young adults in that country have not been studied regarding CVD and a need exists to understand lifestyle modifications to promote cardiovascular health.DesignAn interpretive description qualitative design was used to explore Georgian young adults' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of CVD preventative practices and life experiences.MethodsA convenience sample of 19 ethnic Georgian participants (18–40 years old) who were fluent in either English, Georgian, or Russian from a local private university was used. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted via video conferencing utilizing an interpreter.ResultsFour themes were identified: (1) CVD and risk factor knowledge, (2) prevention attitudes, beliefs, and gender differences, (3) health literacy influences, and (4) culture and societal impacts. CVD knowledge was limited and influenced by health literacy and the current healthcare system in Georgia.ConclusionCultural and societal gender norms influence cardiovascular health behaviors.Clinical implicationsGeorgian nurses can play a key role in CVD education and screening for young adults in Georgia.
lncRNA HOXA11‐AS maintains the stemness of oral squamous cell carcinoma stem cells and reduces the radiosensitivity by targeting miR‐518a‐3p/PDK1
Authors: Li Baojun , Lv Yuanjing , Zhang Cui , Xiang Cheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevailing oral malignancy. The lncRNA HOXA11‐AS shows prominent roles in OSCC. This study explored the effects of lncRNA HOXA11‐AS on regulating OSCC stem cell stemness and radiosensitivity by targeting miR‐518a‐3p/PDK1.MethodsHuman OSCC cell lines SCC9 and SCC15 were selected. CD133+ cancer stem cells (CSCs) were sorted by immunomagnetic beads. CD133 expression in cells and HOXA11‐AS expression in SCC9, SCC15, and CD133+ SCC9, CD133+ SCC15 cells were assessed by flow cytometry and RT‐qPCR. HOXA11‐AS was silenced/overexpressed in SCC9, SCC15, CD133+ SCC9, and CD133+ SCC15 cells. Cell proliferation, radiosensitivity, invasion, and stem cell sphere formation ability were examined by CCK‐8, colony formation, Transwell, and stem cell sphere formation. The levels of stemness‐related genes (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2), miR‐518a‐3p, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins (E‐cadherin, Vimentin, N‐cadherin), and PDK1 were assessed by RT‐qPCR and Western blot assay.ResultsHOXA11‐AS was up‐regulated in SCC9, SCC15, CD133+ SCC9, and CD133+ SCC15 cells. HOXA11‐AS silencing inhibited OSCC proliferation and invasion and enhanced radiosensitivity. HOXA11‐AS maintained CSC stemness in OSCC. HOXA11‐AS silencing reduced CD133+ SCC9 and CD133+ SCC15 stem cell sphere formation ability, reduced stem cell stemness‐related gene levels, and inhibited EMT. HOXA11‐AS regulated OSCC stem cell stemness and radiosensitivity by targeting miR‐518a‐3p. PDK1 overexpression annulled the regulatory effects of HOXA11‐AS silencing on OSCC cell stem cell stemness and radiosensitivity.ConclusionIn vitro lncRNA HOXA11‐AS silencing inhibited OSCC stem cell stemness by targeting the miR‐518a‐3p/PDK1 axis, thus enhancing OSCC cell radiosensitivity.
Salt load transfer and changing salinities across a new causeway breach in Great Salt Lake: Implications for adaptive management
Authors: Brown Phil D. , Bosteels Thomas , Marden Brad T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGilbert Bay, the largest embayment of the expansive Great Salt Lake (GSL) in the United States, is a productive aquatic system providing a suite of ecosystem services, both locally and across hemispheric flyways and global aquaculture networks. Gilbert Bay is currently at a record low stand and elevated salinity attributable to the coupled effects of drought and human water use in the basin. However, a recent management berm at the breach in the mid‐lake causeway provides a unique adaptive management tool to mitigate harmful salinity changes. The present study measured the fluctuating Gilbert Bay salinities and salt loads across a multi‐year period of changing causeway breach management. Opening of the breach in 2016 and a high spring runoff in 2017 exported a substantial portion of Gilbert Bay salt load into adjacent Gunnison Bay, lowering the salinity–elevation relationship in Gilbert. The salt load in the bay has since returned to nearly pre‐breach levels with salinities at the current low stand now exceeding the ecologically optimal range. The chronicled salt movement and salinity relationships were used to recommend short‐ and long‐term adaptive management strategies for the causeway berm in order to sustain the crucial Gilbert Bay aquatic ecosystem in the face of drought and future variability, as well as highlighting the structural advantages GSL has over other saline lakes experiencing anthropogenic water loss.
The epidemiology and burden of gastroparesis: Real‐world data from a large healthcare provider in Israel
Authors: Yekutiel Naama , Chodick Gabriel , Knop Jana , Cavlar Taner , Tsukinovsky Sveta , Toren Ginat , Kariv Revital 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastroparesis is a gastrointestinal motility dysfunction characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of gastric mechanical obstruction. Data on the epidemiology of gastroparesis are sparse even though the condition substantially impairs patients' quality of life. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and estimate the short‐term healthcare resource use burden of gastroparesis in a large population.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study utilized computerized data from Maccabi Healthcare Services, a 2.5‐million member state‐mandated health organization in Israel. Data were collected between 2003 and 2018 to assess the prevalence of gastroparesis. Definite gastroparesis was defined by gastroparesis diagnosis and gastric emptying test. Probable gastroparesis was defined by gastroparesis diagnosis only. To compare the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), data were also collected on controls that were individually matched (1:2) for age, sex, and comorbidities.Key ResultsA total of 522 patients with gastroparesis were identified (21.1 per 100,000 WHO age‐standardized), including 204 with definite gastroparesis (8.6 per 100,000 WHO). Male to female ratio was 1:2 and mean ± SD age of 54.7 ± 17.1 years. Diabetes accounted for 25.9% of gastroparesis cases and the rest were idiopathic. Gastroparesis patients were more likely to have cardiovascular diseases (10% vs. 6.9% for controls, p = 0.034) and lower prevalence of obesity (17% vs. 24.4%, p < 0.001). HCRU within the 2 years after index date were higher with more hospitalizations than controls (26.4% vs. 15.4%, p < 0.001), and more emergency room visits (31.6% vs. 24.1%, p = 0.002).Conclusions & InferencesGastroparesis is uncommon or under‐documented in community care settings. Gastroparesis in general is associated with cardiovascular morbidities, lower BMI, and elevated utilization of healthcare services.
Nurse practitioner‐delivered cognitive–behavioral treatment as a novel implementation route for irritable bowel syndrome: A proof of concept
Authors: Burton Murray Helen , Weeks Imani , Thurler Andrea , Calabrese Samantha , Kate Lapinel Mary , Madva Elizabeth N , Staller Kyle , Keefer Laurie , Kuo Braden 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundExposure‐based cognitive–behavioral therapy (exposure‐CBT) is efficacious for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, few patients receive exposure‐CBT due to a lack of behavioral health providers trained in brain–gut behavior therapies. Nurse practitioners (NPs) could fill a critical need for scalable delivery methods. In a pragmatic investigation of a 5‐session NP‐delivered exposure‐CBT for adults with Rome IV‐defined IBS, we evaluated treatment feasibility and acceptability and explored changes clinical outcomes.MethodsExposure‐CBT was delivered as part of routine care involving four sessions every other week and a 2‐month booster session. Patients could electively participate in an observational study including pre‐, mid‐, and post‐treatment surveys and a post‐treatment qualitative interview. Independently coded ratings of NP treatment protocol adherence and competence ratings were completed from audio recordings, rated on a 1 (not at all) to 5 (completely) scale.ResultsTwenty‐five patients consented (ages 22‐67 years; 76% female; 48% IBS‐diarrhea predominant). There was high feasibility—adherence average = 4.1, NP competence average = 4.8, 72% treatment completion, 93% satisfaction scores ≥3. Treatment satisfaction was high (rated as 4/4 “very satisfied” by n = 9 and as 3/4 “mostly satisfied” by n = 5). There were improvements in clinical outcomes across treatment with large effects for IBS‐symptom severity (−53%; Hedge's g = 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.5, 1.5) and IBS quality of life (+31%; Hedge's g = 0.8; 95% CI = 0.4, 1.2).ConclusionsNP‐delivered exposure‐CBT for IBS was initially feasible and acceptable with promising clinical improvements. Findings will inform a future NIH Stage 1B/ORBIT Phase IIB pilot randomized control trial.
Short‐Term Outcomes of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) for Ankle Fracture Patients: A Single‐Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yao Yuefeng , Li Guoqing , Li Jing , Liu Su , Chen Yixiao , Deng Jiapeng , Wei Yihao , Gao Liang , Wang Deli , Zeng Hui 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been successfully adopted for the improvement of medical quality and efficacy in many diseases, but the effect thereof for ankle fracture patients can vary. The aim of the present study was to explore the short‐term postoperative outcomes of ERAS among ankle fracture patients.MethodsThe present study was a retrospective cohort study conducted between January 2019 and May 2019. One hundred and sixty ankle fracture participations (58 males and 102 females, aged 41.71 ± 14.51 years) were included. The participants treated with open reduction and internal fixation were divided into two groups (non‐ERAS vs. ERAS) depending on whether ERAS was applied. Postoperative outcomes included American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, length of stay (LOS), hospital cost, complications, and consumption of opioids. To assess the association between the groups and outcomes, generalized estimating equation (GEE) modeling and multivariable linear regression analysis were performed.ResultsThe average follow‐up periods of the participations were 24 months postoperatively. No significant differences were detected between the non‐ERAS group and ERAS group with respect to the demographic of patients in terms of gender, age, Danis‐Weber classification of fracture, dislocation of ankle joint, and comorbidity (P > 0.05). Significant differences in terms of a higher AOFAS score were found in the ERAS group compared with the non‐ERAS group (6.73, 95% CI, 5.10–8.37, p < 0.001) at 3 months postoperatively (PO3M) and (4.73, 95% CI, 3.02–6.45, p < 0.001) at 6 months postoperatively (PO6M). However, similar AOFAS scores were found at 12 months postoperatively (PO12M) (0.28, 95% CI, −0.32 to 0.89, P > 0.05) and at 24 months postoperatively (PO24M) (0.56, 95% CI, −0.07 to 1.19, P > 0.05). Additionally, the GEE analysis and group‐by‐time interaction of AOFAS score revealed that the ERAS protocol could facilitate faster recovery for ankle fracture patients, with higher PO3M and PO6M (both P < 0.05). At the same time, significant differences in terms of a shorter length of stay (−3.19, 95% CI, −4.33 to −2.04, P < 0.01) and less hospital cost (−6501.81, 95% CI, −10955.21 to −2048.42, P < 0.01) were found in the ERAS group compared with the non‐ERAS group.ConclusionBy reducing LOS and hospital cost, the ERAS protocol might improve the medical quality and efficacy. The present study can provide a realistic evaluation and comparison of the ERAS protocol among ankle fracture patients, and ultimately guide clinical decision making.
Extending Kindness: A Confucian Account
Authors: Brys Waldemar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Confucian philosopher Mengzi believes that ‘extending’ one's kindness facilitates one's moral development and that it is intimately tied to performing morally good actions. Most interpreters have taken Mengzian kindness to be an emotional state, with the extension of kindness to centrally involve feeling kindness towards more people or in a greater number of situations. I argue that kindness cannot do all the theoretical work that Mengzi wants it to do if it is interpreted as an emotion. I submit that Mengzi's notion of extending kindness is best understood as the exercise of a capacity for intelligently performing kind actions.