bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Long‐Term Storage on the Isotopic Compositions of Different Types of Environmental Waters
Authors: Diersing Carlynn , Li Yue , Wang Lixin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRationaleFog, dew, and rain are crucial for sustaining ecosystem functions, especially in water‐limited regions. However, they are subject to isotopic changes during storage due to their usual small sample volumes and inherent sensitivity to atmospheric particulates. Understanding long‐term storage effects on these water samples is essential for ensuring isotopic integrity.MethodsIn this study, the extent of such changes in the isotopic compositions (δ2H, δ18O, and δ17O) of fog, dew, and rain was investigated under different storage times (4.5–9 years) and different bottle fill levels (4.8%–92.4%) using the Los Gatos Research Inc. GLA431 series analyzer.ResultsThe long‐term storage could lead to a large variation in oxygen isotopes of fog with minor effects on dew and rain samples. The isotopic changes of δ18O for fog waters were negatively correlated with the bottle fill level (p < 0.01) but positively related to storage time (p < 0.01). Chemical reactions between solutes and water molecules within fog samples may induce oxygen fractionation, leading to the high sensitivity of fog oxygen isotopes to long‐term storage. No significant changes in δ2H values were observed for the three water types.ConclusionsOur findings could help understand the long‐term isotopic accuracy and precision of fog, dew, and rainwaters by providing information on isotopic changes after long‐term storage.
Dielectric and Photocatalytic Performance of Heterostructured Nanocomposites of Cobalt and Nickel Oxides Embedded in Zeolite 4A Matrix.
Authors: Rakesh K. E. , Antony Rosy , Sadanandan Sandeep , Philip Abin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic pollutants like malachite green pose severe environmental risks due to their toxicity and persistence in water bodies. This study explores an eco‐friendly solution for their removal via photocatalytic degradation using cobalt and nickel oxide‐doped zeolite nanocomposites (CoZ NC & NiZ NC), synthesized through a co‐precipitation method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses confirm the formation of FCC‐structured nanometal oxides on the zeolite matrix. Optical spectral analysis reveals low bandgap energies (2.84 eV for CoZ NC and 2.81 eV for NiZ NC), enabling efficient photocatalysis under visible light. These nanocomposites demonstrated effective photodegradation of malachite green, showcasing their environmental remediation potential. Dielectric studies indicate significantly higher dielectric permittivity in CoZ NC and NiZ NC compared to pristine zeolite. This enhancement is attributed to internal barrier layer capacitance arising from variable oxidation states of metal oxide nanoparticles and interfacial space charge polarization between the zeolite matrix and metal dopants. Uniformly distributed cobalt oxide nanoparticles provide superior permittivity in CoZ NC compared to the unevenly arranged nickel oxide in NiZ NC. Additionally, lower dissipation factors in CoZ NC and NiZ NC highlight their suitability as promising k‐dielectric materials for energy storage applications.
Metal‐Free Desulfonylative and C‐H Halogenation of Arenes: A Novel Approach for Haloarene Synthesis
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Kumar Rohit , Ghosh Mitushree , Yadav Ashvani , Prasad Virendra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe report a novel metal‐free approach for the desulfonylative halogenation of aryl sulfonyl chlorides and the C‐H halogenation of arenes. This strategy employs hypervalent iodine(III) as both an oxidant and a group transfer agent with tetrabutylammonium halides (TBAX) as a halide source. The method offers several key benefits, including the use of inexpensive and readily available reagents, simple reaction conditions, compatibility with air, and the absence of transition metals.
The Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Manganese Carbonate in an Acidic Medium
Authors: Krishnaveni B. S. , Devaraj S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHydrogen, a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, can be efficiently produced by electrochemical water splitting, which involves hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode. Both HER and OER require electrocatalysts. The large scale implementation of this technology depends heavily on the development of highly active, stable, and cost‐effective electrocatalysts. In view of this, several electrocatalysts have been explored. Herein, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of MnCO3 synthesized by hydrothermal method is reported. While MnCO3 is chosen as the electrocatalyst owing to cost‐effect and abundant precursors, environmental friendliness, and good electrochemical activity, the hydrothermal method is chosen for its simplicity, efficiency, and scalability. The micron size MnCO3 synthesized hydrothermally exhibits η10 of 143 mV, a Tafel slope of 72 mV dec−1 and retains its performance over 3000 cycles and 14 h of continuous operation in 0.5 M H2SO4, demonstrating its utility in sustainable hydrogen production.
Self‐Cascade of ROS/Glucose‐Scavenging Immunomodulatory Hydrogels for Programmed Therapeutics of Infected Diabetic Ulcers via Nrf2/NF‐κB Pathway
Authors: Meng Wei , Chen Xiaotong , Chen Yanyan , Li Mingshun , Zhang Lianying , Luo Qiujie , Wei Chenlu , Huang Guoqin , Zhao Pei , Sun Bin , Chen Ming , Zhang Qun , Chen Jinxiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDiabetic ulcers (DUs) are characterized by a microenvironment with high oxidative stress, high blood glucose levels, and recalcitrant bacterial infections. This microenvironment is accompanied by long‐term suppression of endogenous antioxidant systems, which makes their clinical management extremely challenging. To address this issue, a hybridized novel gold‐palladium (AuPd) nanoshell of the injectable/injectable hydrogel system UiO/AuPdshells/BNN6/PEG@Gel (UAPsBP@Gel) is developed. The system is capable of acting as a nitric oxide (NO) reactor utilizing synergistic therapy that harnesses NIR‐II light‐triggered photothermal effects and controlled release of NO gas for synergistic treatment to eradicate biofilm infections at different depths. The AuPd nanoshells exhibits superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐, glucose oxidase (GOx)‐, and catalase (CAT)‐like activities, enabling self‐cascade process for scavenging both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glucose. This activity reshapes the DUs microenvironment, switches on the endogenous antioxidant Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway and inhibits the NF‐κB pathway, promotes macrophage polarization toward the anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype, and reduces oxidative stress, resulting in efficient immunomodulation. In vitro/in vivo results demonstrate that the UAPsBP@Gel can multifacetedly enhance the epithelial rejuvenation process through wound hemostasis, pro‐cellular migration and vascularization. These results highlight that a programmed therapeutic based on UBAPsP@Gel tailored to the different stages of infected DUs can meet complex clinical needs.
Effects of Breeding for Short‐Tailedness in Sheep on Parameters of Reproduction and Lamb Development
Authors: Hümmelchen Hannah , Wagner Henrik , Brügemann Kerstin , König Sven , Wehrend Axel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSheep's tail docking is a widespread practice, which is banned or critically discussed in some countries to improve animal welfare.ObjectiveThe aim was to determine the influence of breeding for short‐tailedness (ST) or long‐tailedness (LT) in sheep on the development of reproduction parameters and lamb performance.MethodOne hundred forty‐nine ewes were mated with four rams according to tail length. Pregnancy and pregnancy loss rates were calculated. During pregnancy, the progesterone levels (P4) of the ewes were measured. The weight and length of the 254 lambs were recorded up to 14 weeks of life. Litter size, placenta weight, sex, stillbirths, vitality, morbidity and mortality of the lambs were also documented.ResultsNo significant differences were found for P4 and placental weight for the two mating groups (ST and LT). Although the pregnancy rate for ST was slightly lower (75.71%) than for LT (87.34%), there was only a low significant difference (p = 0.07). The sex distribution was 61 (48.80%) male and 64 (51.20%) female lambs in the ST group and 67 (51.94%) male and 62 (48.06%) female lambs in the LT group. The twinning rate was not significantly different (ST 75.20%; LT 75.97%), and no significant difference was found in the average body length and vitality of the lambs. However, LT lambs showed better weight gains that were marginally significant (p = 0.09).ConclusionThis study found no evidence that reproductive parameters or lamb performance were affected by selective breeding based on tail length.
Septic tendosynovitis in a breeding ram and isolation of Mycoplasma arginini
Authors: Roden Eva , Suchowski Marcel , Voigt Katja , Spergser Joachim , Riehm Julia M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA breeding ram was submitted to a veterinary hospital due to persistent pneumonia, emaciation and high fever. Upon submission, it also showed severe weight‐bearing lameness on all four legs with highly fluid‐filled digital flexor tendon sheaths. Additionally, a mild brisket sore was diagnosed. The postmortem examination revealed a chronically active fibrinosuppurative inflammation of the digital flexor tendon sheaths on all four legs. Additionally, a distinctive chronically active necrotising, suppurative and abscess‐forming soft tissue inflammation was identified in the sternal area. Microbiological examination of tissue samples from different locations revealed a mixed bacterial colonisation including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca and Trueperella pyogenes. Additionally, Mycoplasma arginini was detected in samples of the lung and tendon sheaths. Genome sequencing and characterisation of M. arginini revealed the presence of a prophage associated with arthritogenesis in related Mycoplasma species. However, the contribution of M. arginini to the diagnosed tendosynovitis cannot be conclusively clarified.
Agile Software Engineering Capstone Courses: Exploring the Impact of Gender
Authors: Sæter Gyda Elisa , Lund Camilla Kielland , Stray Viktoria 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe wide adoption of agile methodologies in software development necessitates an educational approach that prepares students for industry practices. This study aims to explore an agile capstone course, focusing on student learning experiences in teamwork while examining the gender dynamics affecting team roles and engagement. We conducted a comprehensive study of the capstone course “Software Engineering with Project Work” at the University of Oslo, analyzing 27 presentations and interviewing 10 students and two teaching assistants. The course is designed to immerse informatics students of different specializations in agile methodologies and collaborative project work. Our findings suggest that the students learn essential collaboration and technical skills. However, during their final presentations, significant gender differences emerged in the topics discussed: women predominantly spoke about design and process, whereas men focused more on technical aspects such as architecture, technical solutions, and algorithms. Our results underscore the need for educational strategies that promote inclusivity and equal participation in agile software development courses.
Shared Leadership for Better Understanding Agile Teams
Authors: Perlak Jakub 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLeadership has been considered from every angle (almost) and the efforts are going strong. New ideas, books and trends, fads are popping out frequently. It’s not a secret that leadership in Agile is a fundament, started looking from attitude and roles up to practice at every level of the organization. Leadership in Agile Teams is still under dispute. It is time to embrace shared leadership, a very helpful concept in describing an emergent team phenomenon whereby leadership roles and influence are distributed among team members. This approach has surprising support in studies about team performance, well-established history, and even anecdotal evidence from practitioners. This very short paper presents results from the initial research of the author using SNA method.
Design Framework for Software Startups Applying Remote Work
Authors: Triando  
Published: January 2025

AbstractRemote work is commonplace nowadays, with software startups actively embracing it. However, remote work poses various challenges, among which team challenges are prominent and highly relevant to early-stage software startups, since effective team collaboration is one key factor for them to operate and succeed in uncertain environments. Challenges faced by early-stage software startup teams are less explored, especially in remote work settings. This research will propose a design framework to address the challenges faced by early-stage software startup teams in remote work settings. This research uses multi-case study to facilitate a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. Expected significance of findings lies in the identification of unique challenges and key practices to tackle those challenges, offering actionable insights and innovative solutions.
LD@Taiga: An Embedded Learning Dashboard for Agile Project Management in Student Teams
Authors: Farré Carles , López Lidia , Oriol Marc , Franch Xavier 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe present LD@Taiga, a learning dashboard seamlessly integrated into the Taiga agile project management tool. LD@Taiga provides visualizations of individual and team performance metrics, offering students valuable feedback and aiding their decision-making. A preliminary evaluation revealed enhanced usability compared to a previous version, although there is still room for improvement.
XP 25th Anniversary Workshop and Panel Report: Innovating Software Solutions – Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Fraser Steven D. , Mancl Dennis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSoftware practitioners have adopted many new ways of working over the past 25 years. Change has been driven by a diverse and global community of users, practitioners, researchers, and vernacular programmers. What have we learned over the past 25 years? What skills will software researchers and practitioners need in the future? Will AI or other emerging technologies offer opportunities for greater achievements, or will they become an obstacle to the human touch needed to develop software products? This paper reports on a combined workshop and panel organized and facilitated by Steven Fraser (Innoxec) together with Dennis Mancl (MSWX Software Experts) and Werner Wild (Evolution Consulting). The workshop and panel were part of the 25th Anniversary Track at the XP 2024 conference held in Bolzano, Italy.
Dual Effects of Hybrid Working on Performance: More Work Hours or More Work Time
Authors: Smite Darja , Tkalich Anastasiia , Moe Nils Brede , Chatzipetrou Panagiota , Klotins Eriks , Helland Per Kristian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWork in software development companies has become increasingly hybrid with employees altering days of working in the office with days of working remotely from home. Yet, little is know about the efficiency of such way of working because the current scale of remote working is unprecedented. In this paper, we present our findings from a company-wide survey at Storebrand - a large-scale Norwegian fintech company, focusing on perceived performance. Our analysis of 192 responses shows that most employees report being able to perform the planned tasks. Further, half of respondents perceive to have increased work hours. Through qualitative analysis of open-ended commentaries of respondents we learned that remote working has dual effects on the perceived work hours - some employees report working longer hours and others report having more work time due to efficient use of the time throughout the day. Finally, we recommend managers to discuss and address the concerning habits of employees caused by increased connectivity and inability to stop working, before these lead to burnout and disturbances in the work/life balance.
Testing holographic entropy inequalities in 2 + 1 dimensions
Authors: Grado-White Brianna , Grimaldi Guglielmo , Headrick Matthew , Hubeny Veronika E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

We address the question of whether holographic entropy inequalities obeyed in static states (by the RT formula) are always obeyed in time-dependent states (by the HRT formula), focusing on the case where the bulk spacetime is 2 + 1 dimensional. An affirmative answer to this question was previously claimed by Czech-Dong. We point out an error in their proof when the bulk is multiply connected. We nonetheless find strong support, of two kinds, for an affirmative answer in that case. We extend the Czech-Dong proof for simply-connected spacetimes to spacetimes with π
1 = ℤ (i.e. 2-boundary, genus-0 wormholes). Specializing to vacuum solutions, we also numerically test thousands of distinct inequalities (including all known RT inequalities for up to 6 regions) on millions of randomly chosen configurations of regions and bulk spacetimes, including three different multiply-connected topologies; we find no counterexamples. In an appendix, we prove some (dimension-independent) facts about degenerate HRT surfaces and symmetry breaking.
A video abstract is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ols92YU8rus.
Testing the potential of zebularine to induce heritable changes in crop growth and development
Authors: Finnegan E. Jean , Crisp Peter A. , Zhang Peng , Eglitis-Sexton Judith , Greenwood Julian , Hintzsche Jessica , Li Jianbo , Taylor Jen , Wallace Xiaomei , Swain Stephen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Key message

Zebularine-treated wheat uncovered a phenotype with characteristics of an epigenetically regulated trait, but major chromosomal aberrations, not DNA methylation changes, are the cause, making zebularine unsuitable for epigenetic breeding.

Abstract
Breeding to identify disease-resistant and climate-tolerant high-yielding wheats has led to yield increases over many years, but new hardy, higher yielding varieties are still needed to improve food security in the face of climate change. Traditional breeding to develop new cultivars of wheat is a lengthy process taking more than seven years from the initial cross to cultivar release. The speed of breeding can be enhanced by using modern technologies including high-throughput phenomics, genomic selection, and directed mutation via CRISPR. Here we test the concept of modifying gene regulation by transiently disrupting DNA methylation with the methyltransferase inhibitor, zebularine (Zeb), as a means to uncover novel phenotypes in an elite cultivar to facilitate breeding for epigenetically controlled traits. The development and architecture of the wheat inflorescence, including spikelet density, are an important component of yield, and both grain size and number have been extensively modified during domestication and breeding of wheat cultivars. We identified several Zeb-treated plants with a dominant mutation that increased spikelet density compared to the untreated controls. Our analysis showed that in addition to causing loss of DNA methylation, Zeb treatment resulted in major chromosomal abnormalities, including trisomy and the formation of a novel telocentric chromosome. We provide evidence that increased copy number of the domestication gene, Q, is the most likely cause of increased spikelet density in two Zeb-treated plants. Collateral damage to chromosomes in Zeb-treated plants suggests that this is not a viable approach to epigenetic breeding.
Accumulation of chlorinated paraffins in adipocytes is determined by cellular lipid content and chlorination level
Authors: Vrzáčková Nikola , Tomáško Jakub , Svoboda Petr , Škop Vojtěch , Melčová Magdalena , Dudová Jana , Zelenka Jaroslav , Pulkrabová Jana , Ruml Tomáš 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are environmental pollutants extensively used in industries. While the use of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) has been restricted since 2017, the use of medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) has risen as their replacement. Due to lipophilic character, it can be expected that CPs enter the cells; however, the in vitro accumulation potential of CPs remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the ability of SCCPs and MCCPs to accumulate in fat cells. We utilized an in vitro model of mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes. Using gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry operated in negative chemical ionization mode, we determined the intracellular amounts of CPs. These compounds accumulated at rates of 8.5 ± 0.1 µg/gcells/h for SCCPs and 7.8 ± 0.3 µg/gcells/h for MCCPs when an initial concentration of 120 ng/ml was present in the medium. This rate increased approximately tenfold when the concentration of CPs was raised to 1200 ng/ml. CPs content in adipocytes steadily increased over 5 days, whereas preadipocytes accumulated 15–20 times less CPs. This highlights the importance of cellular lipid content, which was about 12 times higher in adipocytes. Furthermore, we found that the level of chlorine content in the CPs molecules significantly influenced their accumulation. Our results demonstrate that MCCPs exhibit a similar accumulation potential to SCCPs, with lipid content playing a crucial role. As with SCCPs, restrictions on the use of MCCPs in industry should be considered to mitigate their environmental and health impacts.
Exploratory multivariate analysis using R Language for method development in liquid chromatography
Authors: Hroch Miloš 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The visual evaluation of data derived from screening and optimization experiments in the development of new analytical methods poses a considerable time investment and introduces the risk of subjectivity. This study presents a novel approach to processing such data, based on factor analysis of mixed data and hierarchical clustering — multivariate techniques implemented in the R programming language. The methodology is demonstrated in the early-stage screening and optimization of the chromatographic separation of 15 structurally diverse drugs that affect the central nervous system, using a custom R Language script. The presented explorative approach enabled the identification of key parameters affecting the separation and significantly reduced the time required to evaluate the comprehensive dataset from the screening experiments. Based on the data analysis results, the optimal combination of stationary phase and mobile phase composition was selected, considering retention, overall resolution, and peak shape of compounds. Additionally, compounds vulnerable to changes in selected chromatographic conditions were identified. As a complement to the presented R Language script, a web-based application ChromaFAMDeX has been developed to offer an intuitive interface that enhances the accessibility of the used statistical methods. Accompanying the publication, the R script and the link to the standalone application are provided, enabling replication and adaptation of the methodology.

Graphical Abstract
Generalizing Lusztig’s total positivity
Authors: Guichard Olivier , Wienhard Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We introduce the notion of

$\Theta $

Θ

-positivity in real semisimple Lie groups. This notion at the same time generalizes Lusztig’s total positivity in split real Lie groups and invariant orders in Lie groups of Hermitian type. We show that there are four families of simple Lie groups which admit a positive structure relative to a subset

$\Theta$

Θ

of simple roots, and investigate fundamental properties of

$\Theta $

Θ

-positivity. We define and describe the positive and nonnegative unipotent semigroups and show that they give rise to a notion of positive

$n$

n

-tuples in flag varieties.