bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensor using a photo-acoustic absorption cell with two perpendicular acoustic resonators to analyze multiple molecules
Authors: Bayrakli Ismail , Akman Hatice , Sari Filiz 
Published: August 2023

An ultra-high sensitivity multi-molecule sensor based on a photo-acoustic cell with two perpendicular acoustic resonators and a common microphone has been reported. In this work, a 4.5 µm distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser and a 1.5 µm external cavity diode laser (EC-DL) were used as optical excitation sources. Considering the spectral ranges of the lasers used, it is possible to analyze eight molecules (QCL:N2O and CO2, EC-DL: H2O, H2S, NH3, CO, CH4, and C2H2). The N2O molecule was used to evaluate the performance of the photo-acoustic spectroscopy (PAS)-based sensor. A sensitivity of 0.073 V/ppm and a linearity of 0.99 were found by analyzing the PAS signal as a function of N2O concentration at 2237.656cm−1. The long-term performance of the sensor was determined by performing an Allan deviation analysis. A minimum detection limit of 9.8 ppb for 90 s integration time was achieved. The simultaneous multi-trace gas detection capability was verified by measurement of N2O, CO2, and H2O. Depending on the coarse/fine-tuning ranges of the lasers used, the number of molecules analyzed can be further increased. Such a sensor could provide simultaneous diagnosis of many diseases through an analysis of breath air and simultaneous monitoring of the most important greenhouse gases.
Fructose-containing food sources and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials
Authors: Liu Qi , Chiavaroli Laura , Ayoub-Charette Sabrina , Ahmed Amna , Khan Tauseef A. , Au-Yeung Fei , Lee Danielle , Cheung Annette , Zurbau Andreea , Choo Vivian L. , Mejia Sonia Blanco , de Souza Russell J. , Wolever Thomas M. S. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Kendall Cyril W. C. , Jenkins David J. A. , Sievenpiper John L. 
Published: August 2023

Whether food source or energy mediates the effect of fructose-containing sugars on blood pressure (BP) is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of different food sources of fructose-containing sugars at different levels of energy control on BP. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library through June 2021 for controlled trials ≥7-days. We prespecified 4 trial designs: substitution (energy matched substitution of sugars); addition (excess energy from sugars added); subtraction (excess energy from sugars subtracted); andad libitum(energy from sugars freely replaced). Outcomes were systolic and diastolic BP. Independent reviewers extracted data. GRADE assessed the certainty of evidence. We included 93 reports (147 trial comparisons, N = 5,213) assessing 12 different food sources across 4 energy control levels in adults with and without hypertension or at risk for hypertension. Total fructose-containing sugars had no effect in substitution, subtraction, orad libitumtrials but decreased systolic and diastolic BP in addition trials (P<0.05). There was evidence of interaction/influence by food source: fruit and 100% fruit juice decreased and mixed sources (with sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs]) increased BP in addition trials and the removal of SSBs (linear dose response gradient) and mixed sources (with SSBs) decreased BP in subtraction trials. The certainty of evidence was generally moderate. Food source and energy control appear to mediate the effect of fructose-containing sugars on BP. The evidence provides a good indication that fruit and 100% fruit juice at low doses (up to or less than the public health threshold of ~10% E) lead to small, but important reductions in BP, while the addition of excess energy of mixed sources (with SSBs) at high doses (up to 23%) leads to moderate increases and their removal or the removal of SSBs alone (up to ~20% E) leads to small, but important decreases in BP in adults with and without hypertension or at risk for hypertension.Trial registration:Clinicaltrials.gov:NCT02716870.
Making Hot ADCs
Authors:   Almac Group, Kitson Sean L. , Watters William ,   Almac Group, Speed David ,   Almac Group, Moody Thomas S. ,   Almac Group
Published: August 2023

Guided by a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), antibody drug conjugates or ADC are a new, emerging, class of drugs able to deliver a drug payload directly to an intended target. This approach has recently been boosted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®; Seattle Genetics) to treat Hodgkin’s lymphoma and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®; Genentech) for metastatic breast cancer. These new biotherapeutic drugs will bring many regulatory issues to the forefront regarding the ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion) profile of each ADC. In this article, the authors discuss this and other important aspects of antibody-drug conjugates.
Cerebral ischemic events in patients with infective endocarditis: results of a single center retrospective study
Authors: Demin D. A. , Kulesh A. A. , Enginoev S. T. , Demetskaya V. V. , Demina E. V. , Lezhikov M. V. , Shaposhnikova E. I. , Stompel D. R. 
Published: August 2023

Cerebral ischemic events, including ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA), are among the most common extracardiac complications of infective endocarditis (IE).Objective: to evaluate cerebral ischemic events (prevalence, clinical and neuroimaging characteristics, predictors, prognosis) in patients with “left-sided” IE, who underwent cardiac surgery, according to the registry of the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery.Material and methods. A retrospective review of data from the hospital information system was performed in one of the federal centers for cardiovascular surgery of the Russian Ministry of Health. Inclusion criteria in the study: age of patients ≥18 years, significant or probable (Duke criteria) IE of the left heart – aortic and/or mitral valves. Patients with isolated right heart IE (tricuspid valve, pacemaker-associated endocarditis), nonbacterial thromboendocarditis, and chronic IE were excluded from the study. For the analysis, 222 cases of IE in 216 patients were used. IS was observed in 43 (19.4%) patients with “left-sided” IE, TIA – in 4 (1.8%). In 2/3 of cases, patients suffered a minor stroke (NIHSS <5), while every fifth patient had symptoms of encephalopathy. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of cerebral embolism. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each of the significant risk factors, and time to first clinical event (death) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.Results. On neuroimaging in IE, the following signs were frequently detected: involvement of different cerebral vascular territories (65.1%), multifocal (≥1 focus) infarcts (74.4%), hemorrhagic transformation (37.2%). Cortical and/or subcortical distribution of infarcts was observed in 97.7% of patients. According to multivariate analysis, IS and TIA were predicted by vegetations >10 mm (OR 3.552; 95% CI 1.066–11.8463; p=0.039), mobile vegetations (OR 6.112; 95% CI 1.105–33.784; p=0.038) and multiple vegetations (OR 5.2 08, 95% CI 1.189–22.805, p=0.029). The impact of cerebral embolism on prognosis (in-hospital and long-term mortality) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery was not established.Conclusion. According to the neuroimaging data, cerebral infarcts in IE correspond to the main signs of cardioembolism. The characteristics of the vegetations (size >10 mm, mobility, multiplicity) are a crucial indicator of the embolic potential of IE.
Dinamika Garis Pantai Pulau Karimunjawa dan Kemujan Tahun 2000 - 2030
Authors: Muhammad Dzakwan Taufiq Nur , Mardiatno Djati 
Published: August 2023

Perubahan iklim secara langsung menyebabkan terjadinya kenaikan muka air laut bagi wilayah kepesisiran. Hal ini menyebabkan garis pantai menjadi tidak stabil, sehingga perlu untuk dilakukan pemantauan secara spasial dan temporal. Pulau Karimunjawa dan Kemujan merupakan dua pulau kecil dengan garis pantai yang saling terhubung oleh hutan mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dinamika garis pantai Pulau Karimunjawa dan Kemujan tahun 2000 – 2030. Identifikasi garis pantai tahun 2000 – 2020 diperoleh melalui ekstraksi garis pantai metode single band (B5) dan band ratio (B4/B2 dan B5/B2) citra Landsat 7 ETM+, sedangkan untuk identifikasi garis pantai tahun 2030 diperoleh melalui prediksi garis pantai metode Kalman Filter Model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa garis pantai cenderung mengalami akresi dengan rata-rata perubahan garis pantai sebesar +0,76 meter per tahun dan diprediksi akan mengalami kemajuan garis pantai rata-rata sebesar +1,02 meter per tahun. Garis pantai daerah penelitian tergolong stabil dengan sedikit akresi (akresi sedang).Climate change causes sea level rise for coastal region. This causes the shoreline become unstable, so spatial and temporal monitoring is necessary. Karimunjawa and Kemujan Islands are two small islands with a shoreline [H1] that are connected by mangrove forests. This research aims to identify shoreline dynamics of Karimunjawa and Kemujan Islands in 2000 – 2030. The identification of shoreline in 2000 – 2020 was obtained through the extraction of shoreline using single band (B5) and band ratio (B4/B2 and B5/B2) method from Landsat 7 ETM+, while for identification of shoreline in 2030 was obtained through shoreline forecasting using Kalman Filter Model method. The results show that the shoreline tends to be accreted with an average shoreline change of +0.76 meters per year and predicted to be accretion with an average shoreline change of +1.02 meters per year. The Shoreline of the study area is [H2] relatively stable with little accretion (medium accretion).
Perendaman Daging Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) Menggunakan Asam Asetat dan Bubuk Sargassum sp. sebagai Penurun Kadar Logam Timbal (Pb)
Authors: Riswanti Khoirunnisah , Sedjati Sri , Supriyantini Endang 
Published: August 2023

Akumulasi logam berat berlebih pada kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dapat membahayakan konsumen. Sargassum sp. merupakan rumput laut yang berpotensi sebagai penurun kadar logam karena mengandung alginat yang memiliki gugus fungsi penyerap logam. Gugus fungsi seperti hidroksil dan karboksil dapat menjerap ion logam timbal (Pb) yang terdapat pada daging kerang hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan bubuk rumput laut Sargassum sp. dan asam asetat sebagai penurun kadar logam timbal pada daging kerang hijau serta mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi yang terkandung dalam bubuk Sargassum sp. Metode yang digunakan yaitu percobaan labotatoris, menggunakan perlakuan konsentrasi sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan. Bubuk Sargassum sp. dikeringkan menggunakan oven suhu 45°C selama 24 jam, kemudian dihaluskan dan diuji FTIR. Daging kerang direndam pada konsentrasi bubuk Sargassum sp. 0%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%, dengan pH 5 (penambahan asam asetat) selama 90 menit. Sampel didestruksi dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar logam timbal menggunakan Atomic Adsorption Spectrofotometri (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi bubuk rumput laut Sargassum sp. tidak mempengaruhi penjerapan logam timbal dengan uji Anova (P≤0,05). Konsentrasi bubuk rumput laut Sargassum sp. dengan penurunan kadar logam tertinggi yaitu konsentrasi 8% sebesar 0,111 mg/kg. Gugus fungsi yang terdapat pada bubuk Sargassum yaitu hidroksil (-OH), amina (-NH2), dan alkana (-CH2). Excessive accumulation of heavy metals in green mussels (Perna viridis) can harm consumers. Sargassum sp. is a seaweed that has the potential as a metal reducing agent because it contains alginate which has a metal-absorbing functional group. Functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl can absorb lead metal (Pb) ions found in green mussel meat. This study aims to determine the effect of using powdered seaweed Sargassum sp. and acetic acid as lowering metal levels of lead in green mussels as well as identifying the functional groups contained in powdered Sargassum sp. The method was used is a laboratory experiment, using a concentration treatment of 3 repetitions. Sargassum sp. powder dried using an oven at 45°C for 24 hours, then mashed and tested FTIR. Scallop meat soaked in powder concentration of Sargassum sp. 0%, 4%, 6%, and 8%, with pH 5 (addition of acetic acid) for 90 minutes. The sample was destroyed and the lead content was measured using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the concentration of Sargassum sp. powder not affect lead metal adsorption by Anova test (P≤0.05). The concentration of powdered seaweed Sargassum sp. with the highest decrease in metal content, namely the concentration of 8% at 0.111 mg/kg. The functional groups in Sargassum powder are hydroxyl (-OH), amine (-NH2), dan alkane (-CH2).
Sebaran Jenis dan Kondisi Tutupan Lamun di Perairan Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Nugraha Aditya Hikmat , Syahputra Imam Pangestian , Dharmawan I Wayan Eka , Arbi Ucu Yanu , Hermanto Bambang , Kurniawan Fajar , Roni Syofyan , Wibisono Ganang , Rivani Anggia 
Published: August 2023

Perairan Kepulauan Riau yang terdiri dari pulau-pulau kecil umumnya memiliki ekosistem pesisir yang tersusun dari ekosistem mangrove, ekosistem lamun dan ekosistem terumbu karang. Ekosistem lamun merupakan bagian dari ekosistem pesisir yang memiliki peran tidak kalah penting seperti habitat biota, area pengasuhan, regulasi karbon dan lain sebagainya. Monitoring terkait kondisi ekosistem lamun penting untuk dilakukan dalam rangka mengetahui status ekosistem sehingga kedepan dapat menentukan langkah pengelolaan ekosistem yang baik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2021 di Perairan Kepulauan Riau meliputi Perairan Kota Batam, Perairan Pulau Bintan, Perairan Lingga, Perairan Natuna dan Perairan Anambas. Metode pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan transek garis yang dibantu dengan transek kuadrat dalam mengamati tutupan lamun di setiap lokasi penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan ditemukan 11 jenis lamun di Perairan Kepulauan Riau, meliputi spesies Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Halophila spinulosa, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pnifolia dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Nilai tutupan berada pada kisaran 20,68%-54,44%, Berdasarkan tutupannya secara umum ekosistem lamun di Perairan Kepulauan Riau berada dalam status sedang.The waters of the Riau Archipelago which consist of small islands generally have coastal ecosystems consisting of mangrove ecosystems, seagrass ecosystems and coral reef ecosystems. Seagrass ecosystems are part of coastal ecosystems that have no less important roles such as biota habitat, nurturing areas, carbon regulation and so on. Monitoring related to the condition of seagrass ecosystems is important to do in order to determine the status of the ecosystem so that in the future it can determine steps for good ecosystem management. This research was conducted in 2021 in the waters of the Riau Archipelago including Batam City Waters, Bintan Island Waters, Lingga Waters, Natuna Waters and Anambas Waters. The observation method was carried out using line transects assisted by quadratic transects in observing seagrass cover at each research location. Based on the results of the research conducted, 11 species of seagrass were found in the waters of the Riau Archipelago, including species of Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Halophila ovalis, Halophila minor, Halophila spinulosa, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia and Syringodium isoetifolium. The cover value is in the range of 20.68%-54.45%, based on seagrass cover in general the seagrass ecosystem in the Riau Islands waters is in a poor status.
Perbedaan Pertumbuhan Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii Terhadap Jarak Tanam
Authors: Ihsan Muhamad , Pramesti Rini , Susanto AB 
Published: August 2023

Rumput laut merupakan salah satu komoditas ekonomi yang menjadi unggulan Indonesia dan jenis yang banyak dibudidayakan adalah jenis Eucheuma cottonii (Kappaphycus alvarezii) dan Eucheuma spinosum. Usaha peningkatan produksinya dikembangkan melalui modifikasi metode budidaya untuk mencapai hasil produksi yang maksimal. Jarak tanam merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan peningkatan produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji perbedaan jarak tanam terhadap laju pertumbuhan rumput laut K. alvarezii. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan perlakuan berupa jarak tanam. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan jarak tanam (20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm) dan masing-masing perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu laju pertumbuhan spesifik mingguan, laju pertumbuhan mutlak dan kelulushidupan K. alvarezii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jarak tanam yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik serta terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dari tiap perlakuan dari waktu ke waktu. Hasil analisa statistik menunjukkan peningkatan pertumbuhan pada masing-masing perlakuan dari setiap waktu pengukuran. Jarak tanam yang memberikan hasil pertumbuhan terbaik pada jarak tanam 30 cm dengan hasil berat rata-rata 545,9 gr dan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan spesifik 3,84% per hari. Seaweed is one of Indonesia’s leading economic commodities. The species that are widely cultivated in Indonesian waters are Eucheuma cottonii (Kappaphycus alvarezii) and Eucheuma spinosum. Efforts to increase production are developed through modification of cultivation methods to achieve maximum production results. Plant spacing is one the factors that affect growth and increased production in relation to nutrient absorption because the spacing will affect the movement of water carryiing nutrients. This study aims to examine differences in plant spacing on the optimal growth rate of K. alvarezii seaweed for the growth of K. alvarezii. The research method used is a quantitative method with treatment in the form of spacing. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design using 3 spacing treatments (20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm) and 3 replications. Parameters observed were weekly specific growth rate, absolute growth rate and survival rate of K. alvarezii. The results showed that different plant spacing had an effect on absolute growth and specific growth rate and there were significant differences in each treatment from time to time. The results of statistical analysis showed an increase in growth in each treatment from each measurement time. The spacing that gave the best and optimal growth results was found in the 30 cm spacing treatment by producing an average weight gain of 545,9 g and an average specific growth rate of 3,84% per day.
Keberadaan mikroplastik pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) dari TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang
Authors: Arifin Muhammad Sholeh , Suprijanto Jusup , Ridlo Ali 
Published: August 2023

Keberadaan mikroplastik diperairan dapat terakumulasi dalam tubuh biota melalui insang dan rantai makanan. Kerang darah termasuk organisme sesil yang hidup bergantung pada ketersediaan zooplankton, fitoplankton dan material organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mikroplastik pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) di TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel kerang darah diambil dari hasil tangkapan nelayan TPI Tambak Lorok pada bulan Oktober 2021 dan Januari 2022. Sampel dibedakan dengan perlakuan pencucian dan tanpa pencucian. Sampel didestruksi menggunakan KOH 10% sebanyak 3:1 berat sampel selama 24 jam, apabila terdapat sisa bahan organik maka ditambahkan H2O2 30% sebanyak 5 ml selama 24 jam. Sampel disaring menggunakan filter paper dengan bantuan vacuum pump. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya mikroplastik pada kerang darah dari TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi visual menggunakan mikroskop binokuler, bentuk mikroplastik yang ditemukan yaitu fiber, film, fragment dan pellet. Proses pencucian mengakibatkan penurunan mikroplastik sebesar 18% (42,8 partikel/individu) pada bulan Oktober 2021 dan 16% (20,8 partikel/individu) pada bulan Januari 2022. Hasil kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel tanpa pencucian dan dengan pencucian secara berturut – turut pada bulan Oktober 2021 sebesar 134,2 dan 91,4 partikel/individu dan Januari 2022 sebesar 72,6 dan 51,8 partikel/individu. The presence of microplastics in the waters can accumulate in the body's biota through the gills and the food chain. Blood clams are sessile organisms that live depending on the availability of zooplankton, phytoplankton and organic matter. This study aims to determine microplastics in blood clams (Anadara granosa) at TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Samples of blood clams were taken from the catches of TPI Tambak Lorok fishermen in October 2021 and January 2022. The samples were different with washing and non-washing treatment. Samples were destructed using 10% KOH as much as 3:1 sample weight for 24 hours, if there was residual organic matter then 30% H2O2 was added as much as 5 ml for 24 hours. The sample is filtered using filter paper with the help of a vacuum pump. The results showed the presence of microplastics in blood clams from TPI Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Based on visual acquisition using a binocular microscope, the forms of microplastics found were fiber, film, fragments and pellets. The washing process resulted in a reduction of microplastics by 18% (42.8 particles/individual) in October 2021 and 16% (20.8 particles/individual) in January 2022. The results of microplastic retention in samples without washing and with washing respectively in October 2021 it was 134.2 and 91.4 particles/individual and January 2022 it was 72.6 and 51.8 particles/individual.