bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Load shedding method aimed fast voltage recovery to prevent interference of FIDVR with UV relays
Authors: Ghotbi‐Maleki Mahdi , Mohammadi Reza , Javadi Hamid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe fault‐induced delayed voltage recovery (FIDVR) and short‐term voltage instability (STVI) phenomena appear in networks with high penetration of induction motor loads because the increase in requested reactive powers of these loads prevents the voltages from quickly returning to their pre‐fault levels. Load shedding (LS) is one of the ways to deal with FIDVR and STVI and reduce the imbalance between the generation and demand of reactive power. Under‐voltage (UV) relays that disconnect loads during voltage drop cannot effectively deal with this phenomenon because of their inability to detect the effective loads on the reduction of FIDVR and STVI severities. Therefore, the operation of UV relays during these phenomena causes unnecessary load disconnection, and the interference of their operations with FIDVR and STVI must be avoided. This paper presents two wide‐area approaches based on network and loads parameters, the first of which deals with the most critical FIDVR, and the second tries to simultaneously handle critical FIDVRs of all buses. Also, bus prioritization for LS during STVI has been addressed. Simulation results revealed the better performance of the proposed approaches than the previous ones in terms of the amount of LS and the number of selected buses for LS.
Study of the bipolar jet of the YSO Th 28 with VLT/SINFONI: Jet morphology and H2 emission
Authors: Melnikov S. , Boley P. A. , Nikonova N. S. , Caratti o Garatti A. , Garcia Lopez R. , Stecklum B. , Eislöffel J. , Weigelt G. 
Published: April 2023

Context. The young stellar object (YSO) Th 28 possesses a highly collimated jet, which clearly exhibits an asymmetric brightness of its jet lobes at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. As with many other YSO outflows, there may be asymmetry in the physical parameters of the jet plasma in opposite jet lobes (e.g. electron density, temperature, and outflow velocity).
Aims. We examined the Th 28 jet at high-spatial resolution in the regions where the jet material is collimated and accelerated. Our goal is to map the morphology and determine its physical parameters. We compared the results with those of other asymmetric YSO jets to determine the physical origin of such asymmetries.
Methods. We used the integral field spectrograph SINFONI on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) of the European Southern Observatory to characterise the jet parameters in a 3″ × 3″ field around the central source of Th 28. We present high-resolution spectra of Th 28 covering the JHK bands, obtained in June-July 2015.
Results. The images reveal gaseous structures out to distances of a few arcseconds around the stellar jet source. The [Fe II] emission originates in highly collimated jet lobes. Two new axial knots are detected in the bipolar jet, one in each lobe, at angular distances of 1″ in the blue lobe and 1″​​.2 in the red lobe. The H2 radiation is emitted from an extended region with a radius of ≳270 au, which is perpendicular to the jet. The position–velocity diagrams of the bright H2 lines reveal faint H2 emission along both jet lobes as well. The compact and faint H I emission (Paβ and Brγ) comes from two regions, namely from a spherical region around the star and from the jet lobes. The maximum size of the jet launching region is derived as 0″​​.015, which corresponds to ∼3 au at a distance of 185 pc, and the initial opening angle of the Th 28 jet is about 28°, which makes this jet substantially less collimated than most jets from other Classical T Tauri stars (CTTs).
Conclusions. The high-resolution SINFONI images show three groups of lines with different excitation conditions, which trace different gas structures. The emission in [Fe II], H2, and atomic hydrogen lines suggests a morphology in which the ionised gas in the disc (or at least very close to the jet launching site) appears to be disrupted by the jet. The resolved disc-like H2 emission most likely arises in the disc atmosphere from shocks caused by a radial uncollimated wind. The asymmetry of the [Fe II] photocentre shifts with respect to the jet source arises in the immediate vicinity of the driving source of Th 28 and suggests that the observed brightness asymmetry is intrinsic as well.
Prediction of gamma-ray emission from Cygnus X-1, SS 433, and GRS 1915+105 after absorption
Authors: Papavasileiou Th. V. , Kosmas O. T. , Sinatkas I. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Stellar black hole X-ray binary stars (BHXRBs) are among the most luminous and powerful systems located in our Milky Way and in other galaxies of the Universe. Their jets are prominent sources of particles (e.g., neutrinos) and radiation emissions in energy ranges detectable by terrestrial and space telescopes, even from galaxies deep in the space. A significant factor, however, would be the photon absorption effect that occur due to scattering on the lower end of the energy radiation of the system’s surroundings.
Aims. We aim to study in detail and extract predictions for the emitted gamma-ray intensities and integral fluxes of the jets emanating from BHXRB systems Cygnus X-1, GRS 1915+105, and SS 433. Toward this end, we also investigate the severe effects of gamma-ray absorption that eradicate part of the produced intensity spectra. Furthermore, we explore the jet regions that are most likely to emit unabsorbed gamma-rays capable of reaching detectors on Earth. Our goal is to calculate the integral fluxes before and after absorption for the abovementioned systems and compare the results with the very-high-energy gamma-ray observations of sensitive telescopes such as the MAGIC, H.E.S.S., Fermi-LAT, and so on.
Methods. The implemented gamma-ray emission mechanisms initiate from the p − p scattering process inside the hadron-dominated jets following the well-known shock-wave particle acceleration. In addition, we estimate the optical depths of three absorption processes between gamma-ray photons and (i) accretion disk X-ray emission, (ii) black hole corona photons, and (iii) donor star thermal emission. We also examine the dependence of the absorption optical depths on various parameters, such as the disk’s temperature, coronal radius and, donor star luminosity.
Results. We find that disk absorption is dominant for distances of z < 1010 cm from the black hole, while the donor star absorption dominates for 1010 < z < 1012 cm. Beyond that jet point, the absorption effects become significantly weaker. Cygnus X-1 presents the highest gamma-ray integral flux across the jet length, while GRS 1915+105 emits the least due to its weakly collimated jets. The jets of SS 433 emit gamma-rays only for z > 1010 cm due to severe disk absorption fueled by the system’s super-Eddington accretion limit.
Age and convective core overshooting calibrations in CPD-54 810 binary system
Authors: Valle G. , Dell’Omodarme M. , Prada Moroni P. G. , Degl’Innocenti S. 
Published: April 2023

Aims. Relying on recent very precise observations for the CPD-54 810 binary system, we investigate the robustness of the estimated age and convective core overshooting for a system with both stars on the main sequence (MS). Our main aim is to assess the variability in the results, accounting for different statistical and systematic sources of uncertainty.
Methods. We adopt the SCEPtER pipeline, a well-established maximum likelihood technique, based on fine grids of stellar models computed for a different initial chemical composition and convective core overshooting efficiency.
Results. We performed different fits of the system, under different assumptions. The base fit suggests a common age of 3.02 ± 0.15 Gyr, in agreement with recent literature. This estimated convective core overshooting parameter is β = 0.09 ± 0.01, with a corresponding convective core mass $ M_c = 0.059^{+0.017}_{-0.021} $ M⊙. The robustness of these estimates were tested assuming a narrow constraint on the helium-to-metal enrichment ratio, which is in agreement with the recently published results on the Hyades cluster. Under this constraint the chemical solution of the system changes, but the age and the overshooting parameter are almost unchanged ($ 3.08^{+0.17}_{-0.14} $ Gyr and 0.09 ± 0.01). In a further test, we halved the uncertainty as to the effective temperature of both stars and again the estimated parameter shows only small variations (3.02 ± 0.12 Gyr and 0.09 ± 0.01).
Conclusions. This low variability suggests that the age of the system with both stars in the MS can be reliably estimated at a 5% level, but it also indicates that the power of the investigation is probably low, because it is possible to find a satisfactory fit in several different configurations by only varying the initial chemical composition within its uncertainty. Despite the great increase in the observational constraints’ precision, the results support the conclusions of previous theoretical works on the stellar parameter calibration with double MS star binary systems.
Adherence to Colchicine During Pregnancy in Familial Mediterranean
Fever Patients: Reasons for Cessation and Outcomes from a Single-Centre
Experience
Authors: Dogan İsmail , Güven Serdar Can , Karakaş Özlem , Erdoğan Esra Kayacan , Erten Sukran 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the adherence to colchicine treatment during
pregnancy and lactation in our Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients and
investigate the reasons for non-adherence and consequences.
Methods Adult female FMF patients who were followed up in our rheumatology
clinic and had a history of pregnancy after the diagnosis of FMF were
consecutively enrolled to this cross-sectional study between November 2021 and
June 2022. Only pregnancies occurring after the diagnosis of FMF were evaluated.
Patients who did not stop using FMF treatment after pregnancy were considered to
adhere to treatment.
Results In 50 patients, a total of 88 pregnancies and 58 live births were
observed after the diagnosis of FMF. 37 (74%) had at least one completed
pregnancy, and 13 (26.0) were pregnant during the study. Among the 37 patients,
34 had at least one live birth. No significant differences were observed when
rates of patients with a history of at least one live birth, abortus, Cesarean
section (C/S), preterm labor, stillbirth, intrauterine anomaly,
congenital malformation and fetal growth retardation were compared between
colchicine users and non-users. 60% of the patients adhered to
colchicine treatment during pregnancy and 73.4% did so while
breastfeeding. The most common reason for colchicine cessation was concerns
regarding potential harm to the fetus (70%), followed by the presumption
that colchicine is contraindicated in pregnancy (15%) as well as absence
of FMF attacks (10%). The most common source of the patients’
opinion was a physician (60%).
Conclusions Both patients and attending physicians should be informed to
be more adherent to colchicine to avoid adverse outcomes and FMF-related
complications.
Enantiocontrolled Connective Synthesis of Allenes by Carbenoid Eliminative Cross-Coupling between α-(Methylthio)vinylcuprate Species and α-(Carbamoyloxy)alkylboronates
Authors: Blakemore Paul R. , Cao Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA convenient enantiocontrolled synthesis of allenes (R1R2C=C=CHR3, R1 = aryl/alkyl, R2, R3 = alkyl) is described based on carbenoid eliminative cross-coupling (CEXC) between geometrically pure higher-order α-(methylthio)vinylcuprates, generated in situ by carbocupration of thioalkynes (then activation by addition of n-BuLi), and enantioenriched α-(carbamoyloxy)alkylboronates (15 examples, 30–78% yield, 15–95% ee). The stereochemical fidelity of this CEXC process is substrate dependent, a phenomenon tentatively attributed to a putative organocopper-mediated allene racemization pathway.
Electronic Health Record Use and Perceptions among Urologic Surgeons
Authors: Tan Hung-Jui , Chung Arlene E. , Gotz David , Deal Allison M. , Heiling Hillary M. , Teal Randall , Vu Maihan B. , Meeks William D. , Fang Raymond , Bennett Antonia V. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Basch Ethan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective Electronic health records (EHRs) have become widely adopted with increasing emphasis on improving care delivery. Improvements in surgery may be limited by specialty-specific issues that impact EHR usability and engagement. Accordingly, we examined EHR use and perceptions in urology, a diverse surgical specialty.
Methods We conducted a national, sequential explanatory mixed methods study. Through the 2019 American Urological Association Census, we surveyed urologic surgeons on EHR use and perceptions and then identified associated characteristics through bivariable and multivariable analyses. Using purposeful sampling, we interviewed 25 urologists and applied coding-based thematic analysis, which was then integrated with survey findings.
Results Among 2,159 practicing urologic surgeons, 2,081 (96.4%) reported using an EHR. In the weighted sample (n = 12,366), over 90% used the EHR for charting, viewing results, and order entry with most using information exchange functions (59.0–79.6%). In contrast, only 35.8% felt the EHR increases clinical efficiency, whereas 43.1% agreed it improves patient care, which related thematically to information management, administrative burden, patient safety, and patient–surgeon interaction. Quantitatively and qualitatively, use and perceptions differed by years in practice and practice type with more use and better perceptions among more recent entrants into the urologic workforce and those in academic/multispecialty practices, who may have earlier EHR exposure, better infrastructure, and more support.
Conclusion Despite wide and substantive usage, EHRs engender mixed feelings, especially among longer-practicing surgeons and those in lower-resourced settings (e.g., smaller and private practices). Beyond reducing administrative burden and simplifying information management, efforts to improve care delivery through the EHR should focus on surgeon engagement, particularly in the community, to boost implementation and user experience.
Comparisons of Patients Living Alone versus Living with Others in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Shibata Yusaku , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Shirakabe Akihiro , Miyauchi Yasushi , Asai Kuniya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe aimed to examine the relationship of living arrangements (i.e., living alone or living with others) with background, clinical severity, preintervention culprit lesion plaque morphology, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Among 1,683 consecutive patients with ACS, we retrospectively compared patients living alone (n = 318) versus living with others (n = 1,362). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, which are high-resolution intracoronary imaging devices, were analyzed in patients with preintervention OCT and compared between patients living alone (n = 174) versus those living with others (n = 665).Older (median; 69 vs. 67 y, p = 0.046) and female (31 vs. 17%, p < 0.001) patients more frequently lived alone. Frequency of achieving a time interval of 6 hours or less from ACS onset to admission was lower in patients living alone (56 vs. 63%, p = 0.022). Clinical presentation was more severe in patients living alone (Killip II/III/IV; 27 vs. 22%, p = 0.029). Plaque morphology evaluated by OCT was similar between groups (plaque rapture; 48 vs. 48%, p = 0.171). Kaplan–Meier analyses revealed higher rates of cardiac mortality during 2-year follow-up period in patients living alone [13.9 vs. 8.5%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.604, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.112–2.313, p = 0.010]. After traditional cardiovascular risk factors and clinical severity upon admission had been adjusted, living alone was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality in ACS patients (HR 1.582, 95% CI 1.056–2.371, p = 0.026). Living alone was independently associated with 2-year cardiacmortality in ACS patients after adjusting for background and presentation and might be unrelated to the development of atherosclerosis.
A Computer-Based Early Intervention for Thai Preschool Children at Risk of Dyslexia: A Pre- and Postintervention Study
Authors: Wannapaschaiyong Prakasit , Vajrabhaya Prakaiwan , Rojmahamongkol Pat , Sutchritpongsa Sureelak 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPreschool children at risk of dyslexia show inadequate progress in their preliteracy skills; they often perform poorly in the domain of phonological awareness, letter knowledge, and rapid automatized naming. As a result, they tend to fall behind academically, specifically in reading, when they enter primary school. Because time is of the essence, early intervention becomes necessary to provide the best possible preliteracy outcome. To date, there has not been a study that investigates the effectiveness of early intervention in Thai, a language that is typologically and orthographically different from those in previous studies. In this preliminary study, training materials, created with phonological awareness and letter knowledge at the core, were presented via interactive Siriraj Pre-Literacy Enhancement software. In total, 73 typically developing preschoolers, aged 60 to 66 months, were enrolled. Preliteracy skills were measured by Rama Pre-Read (RPR). At-risk children received the 11-week computer-based early intervention training. After the intervention was completed, participants' preliteracy skills were evaluated by RPR (posttest). Sixteen children (21.9%) were at risk of dyslexia. Results after training indicated that preschool at-risk children of dyslexia in Thailand show a high magnitude of improvement in preliteracy skills, across all three domains. The computer-based early intervention to promote preliteracy skills is a feasible and effective form of remediation for Thai children at risk of dyslexia.
Validating the Efficacy of a Stepwise Video Module for Conjunctival Closure
Authors: Nguyen Geoffrey , Palmer Jamie , Levin Moran R. , Swamy Ramya , Alexander Janet 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to describe a cost-effective and portable surgical training module for ophthalmology trainees and demonstrate its effectiveness in building confidence and reducing stress with conjunctival closure.
Methods A total of 29 trainees (fourth year medical students, postgraduate year (PGY) 1 ophthalmology residents, PGY2 ophthalmology residents) participated in the module during July 2022. They completed a Pre-Module and Post-Module Questionnaire, with some questions assessing their confidence level and other questions assessing their stress level with conjunctival closure. A Likert scale of 1 to 10 was used to evaluate their level of confidence or stress (with 1 indicating low confidence or low stress and 10 indicating high confidence or high stress).
Results Prior to completing the module, participants had an average conjunctival suturing skills confidence level score of 2.6 ± 1.6, which increased significantly to 5.6 ± 1.6 after completing the module (p < 0.001). Participant's stress level score with performing conjunctival closure on live patients significantly decreased from 7.5 ± 2.4 to 5.6 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001) after completion of the module. When participants were separated into two groups, participants in the PGY1 residents/medical students group had an average conjunctival suturing skills confidence level score of 2.7 ± 1.8, which rose significantly to 5.1 ± 1.5 after completing the module (p = 0.008), whereas PGY2 residents had an average conjunctival suturing skills confidence level score of 2.6 ± 1.6, which rose significantly to 5.8 ± 1.7 after completing the module (p < 0.001). Participant's stress level scores with performing conjunctival closure on live patients did not show significant results in the PGY1 residents/medical students group but significantly decreased from 7.2 ± 2.2 to 5.2 ± 1.3 (p < 0.001) in PGY2 residents. Participants agreed that the video presented was effective for learning the surgical skill and that the module was engaging and prepared them well to learn more advanced conjunctival suturing techniques.
Conclusion Our surgical training module is an effective teaching tool for ophthalmology trainees to increase confidence and decrease stress about performing conjunctiva closure. It provides an opportunity for trainees to repetitively practice key surgical techniques on an inexpensive and reusable training model.
47.1.2.5 Allylic C—H Functionalization
Authors: Wang P.-S. , Sayed M. , Gong L.-Z. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe direct functionalization of allylic C(sp3)—H bonds allows alkenes to serve as versatile allylating agents capable of undergoing diverse bond-forming reactions, thereby enabling rapid access to alkene-bearing structural complexity from readily accessible feedstocks. In this review, representative reports on allylic C—H functionalization reactions published since 2013 are summarized by describing six types of allylic C—H activation modes: C—H insertion, hydrogen-atom transfer, concerted metalation/deprotonation (CMD), concerted proton and two-electron transfer (CPTET), base-mediated C—H activation, and oxidative addition to C-H bonds.
47.1.5.6 Synthesis of Functionalized Alkenes by Metal-Catalyzed Coupling of Carbonyls with Alkynes/Allenes
Authors: Lin Z. , Tao R. , Zhao Y. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this review, different coupling methodologies between carbonyls and alkynes or allenes affording highly functionalized alkenes are summarized. Two main strategies are discussed in detail: In the first one, electrophilic carbonyl species are utilized in metal-catalyzed reductive coupling reactions assisted by various reductants such as boranes, silanes, and hydrogen gas. In the second one, nucleophilic carbonyl species are employed in coupling reactions with electrophilic π-allyl intermediates generated in situ, resulting in a formal α-allylation of carbonyls. Various representative examples serve to demonstrate the high versatility of these two general strategies, including applications in the total synthesis of complex natural products. High regio- and stereocontrol can be achieved with excellent yields for most of the selected examples. Reports of decarboxylative coupling and metal-free coupling are also included.
Co-inversion of a scattering cavity and its internal sources: uniqueness, decoupling and imaging
Authors: Zhang Deyue , Guo Yukun , Wang Yinglin , Chang Yan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper concerns the simultaneous reconstruction of a sound-soft cavity and its excitation sources from the total-field data. Using the single-layer potential representations on two measurement curves, this co-inversion problem can be decoupled into two inverse problems: an inverse cavity scattering problem and an inverse source problem. This novel decoupling technique is fast and easy to implement since it is based on a linear system of integral equations. Then the uncoupled subproblems are respectively solved by the modified optimization and sampling method. We also establish the uniqueness of this co-inversion problem and analyze the stability of our method. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.