bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal cord injury regulates circular RNA expression in axons
Authors: Siddiq Mustafa M. , Toro Carlos A. , Johnson Nicholas P. , Hansen Jens , Xiong Yuguang , Mellado Wilfredo , Tolentino Rosa E. , Johnson Kaitlin , Jayaraman Gomathi , Suhail Zaara , Harlow Lauren , Dai Jinye , Beaumont Kristin G. , Sebra Robert , Willis Dianna E. , Cardozo Christopher P. , Iyengar Ravi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionNeurons transport mRNA and translational machinery to axons for local translation. After spinal cord injury (SCI), de novo translation is assumed to enable neurorepair. Knowledge of the identity of axonal mRNAs that participate in neurorepair after SCI is limited. We sought to identify and understand how axonal RNAs play a role in axonal regeneration.MethodsWe obtained preparations enriched in axonal mRNAs from control and SCI rats by digesting spinal cord tissue with cold-active protease (CAP). The digested samples were then centrifuged to obtain a supernatant that was used to identify mRNA expression. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGS) after SCI and mapped them to various biological processes. We validated the DEGs by RT-qPCR and RNA-scope.ResultsThe supernatant fraction was highly enriched for mRNA from axons. Using Gene Ontology, the second most significant pathway for all DEGs was axonogenesis. Among the DEGs was Rims2, which is predominately a circular RNA (circRNA) in the CNS. We show that Rims2 RNA within spinal cord axons is circular. We found an additional 200 putative circRNAs in the axonal-enriched fraction. Knockdown in primary rat cortical neurons of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1, which inhibits formation of circRNAs, significantly increased axonal outgrowth and increased the expression of circRims2. Using Rims2 as a prototype we used Circular RNA Interactome to predict miRNAs that bind to circRims2 also bind to the 3’UTR of GAP-43, PTEN or CREB1, all known regulators of axonal outgrowth. Axonally-translated GAP-43 supports axonal elongation and we detect GAP-43 mRNA in the rat axons by RNAscope.DiscussionBy enriching for axonal RNA, we detect SCI induced DEGs, including circRNA such as Rims2. Ablation of ADAR1, the enzyme that regulates circRNA formation, promotes axonal outgrowth of cortical neurons. We developed a pathway model using Circular RNA Interactome that indicates that Rims2 through miRNAs can regulate the axonal translation GAP-43 to regulate axonal regeneration. We conclude that axonal regulatory pathways will play a role in neurorepair.
Deuterium oxide validation of bioimpedance total body water estimates in Hispanic adults
Authors: Tinsley Grant M. , Park Kyung-Shin , Saenz Catherine , Mehra Ayush , Esco Michael R. , Czerwinski Stefan A. , Nickerson Brett S. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundTo date, body composition assessments in Hispanics, computed via bioimpedance devices, have primarily focused on body fat percent, fat mass, and fat-free mass instead of total body water (TBW). Additionally, virtually no information is available on which type of bioimpedance device is preferred for TBW assessments in Hispanic populations.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to validate two bioimpedance devices for the estimate of TBW in Hispanics adults when using a criterion deuterium oxide (D2O) technique.MethodsOne-hundred thirty individuals (males: n = 70; females: n = 60) of Hispanic descent had TBW estimated via D2O, single-frequency bioimpedance analysis ([SF-BIA] Quantum V, RJL Systems) and bioimpedance spectroscopy ([BIS] SFB7 Impedimed).ResultsThe mean values for SF-BIA were significantly lower than D2O when evaluating the entire sample (37.4 L and 38.2 L, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). In contrast, TBW values were not statistically significant when comparing D2O against BIS (38.4 L, p &gt; 0.05). Bland–Altman analysis indicated no proportional bias when evaluating the entire sample for SF-BIA or BIS. The standard error of estimate and total error values were ≤ 2.3 L and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient were ≥ 0.96 for all comparisons.ConclusionThe SF-BIA and BIS devices evaluated in the current study hold promise for accurate estimation of TBW in Hispanic adults. While both methods demonstrated relatively low errors relative to the D2O criterion, BIS exhibited a more consistent performance, particularly at the group level. These findings provide essential information for researchers and clinical nutrition practitioners assessing TBW in Hispanic adults.
Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in children with nephrotic syndrome: systematic review and one new case
Authors: Konopásek Patrik , Piteková Barbora , Krejčová Vlasta , Zieg Jakub 
Published: August 2023

AimThe aim of this review is to provide clinicians with characteristics of children with nephrotic syndrome and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT).MethodsWe have reviewed 37 articles of pediatric cases and provided 1 new case. PRISMA guidelines were followed.ResultsSixty-two patients were included in the review. CSVT was more common in males, usually occurred within 6 months of nephrotic syndrome onset and was found more often in outpatients. The superior sagittal sinus was the most common sinus affected. Non-contrast computed tomography was the most frequent radiologic study performed, with 30% of results negative for CSVT. Headache and vomiting were the most common symptoms while neurologic symptoms were less frequent. Anticoagulation treatment was strongly inconsistent throughout the literature. Thrombosis outcomes were favorable. The most common possible risk factors were corticosteroid treatment, proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. Four children had a genetic predisposition diagnosed after thrombosis. No markers for anticoagulation prophylaxis seemed to be relevant for the majority of thrombosis occurring in outpatients.ConclusionProphylactic anticoagulation does not seem reasonable to prevent CSVT. Knowledge of nonspecific symptoms and of nephrotic syndrome being a state of hypercoagulation and early use of appropriate radiologic study seem to be of major importance.
The core role of macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: the definition of molecular subtypes and the prognostic risk system
Authors: Wang Qiaona , Lin Yunshou , Yu Wenguan , Chen Xiaogang , He Qingqing , Ye Zhiyu 
Published: August 2023

Background: In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the tumor microenvironment (TME) is resistant to immunotherapy because of its specificity. It is meaningful to explore the role of macrophage, which is one of the most abundant immune cells in the TME, in cellular communication and its effect on the prognosis and immunotherapy of HCC.Methods: Dimensionality reduction and clustering of the single-cell RNA-seq data from the GSE149614 dataset were carried out to identify the cellular composition of HCC. CellChat was used to analyze the communication between different cells. The specifically highly expressed genes of macrophages were extracted for univariate Cox regression analysis to obtain prognostic genes for HCC cluster analysis, and the risk system of macrophage-specifically highly expressed genes was developed by random forest analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Prognosis, TME infiltration, potential responses to immunotherapy, and antineoplastic drugs were compared among molecular subtypes and between risk groups.Results: We found that HCC included nine identifiable cell types, of which macrophages had the highest communication intensity with each of the other eight cell types. Of the 179 specifically highly expressed genes of macrophage, 56 were significantly correlated with the prognosis of HCC, which classified HCC into three subtypes, which were reproducible and produced different survival outcomes, TME infiltration, and immunotherapy responses among the subtypes. In the integration of four macrophage-specifically highly expressed genes for the development of a risk system, the risk score was significantly involved in higher immune cell infiltration, poor prognosis, immunotherapy response rate, and sensitivity of six drugs.Conclusion: In this study, through single-cell RNA-seq data, we identified nine cell types, among which macrophage had the highest communication intensity with the rest of the cell types. Based on specifically highly expressed genes of macrophage, we successfully divided HCC patients into three clusters with distinct prognosis, TME, and therapeutic response. Additionally, a risk system was constructed, which provided a potential reference index for the prognostic target and preclinical individualized treatment of HCC.
Cardiovascular variability, sociodemographics, and biomarkers of disease: the MIDUS study
Authors: Gruenewald Tara , Seeman Teresa E. , Choo Tse-Hwei , Scodes Jennifer , Snyder Clayton , Pavlicova Martina , Weinstein Maxine , Schwartz Joseph E. , Mukkamala Ramakrishna , Sloan Richard P. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Like heart rate, blood pressure (BP) is not steady but varies over intervals as long as months to as short as consecutive cardiac cycles. This blood pressure variability (BPV) consists of regularly occurring oscillations as well as less well-organized changes and typically is computed as the standard deviation of multiple clinic visit-to-visit (VVV-BP) measures or from 24-h ambulatory BP recordings (ABPV). BP also varies on a beat-to-beat basis, quantified by methods that parse variation into discrete bins, e.g., low frequency (0.04–0.15 Hz, LF). However, beat-to-beat BPV requires continuous recordings that are not easily acquired. As a result, we know little about the relationship between LF-BPV and basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, and race and clinical conditions.Methods: We computed LF-BPV during an 11-min resting period in 2,118 participants in the Midlife in the US (MIDUS) study.Results: LF-BPV was negatively associated with age, greater in men than women, and unrelated to race or socioeconomic status. It was greater in participants with hypertension but unrelated to hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, elevated CRP, or obesity. LF-diastolic BPV (DBPV), but not-systolic BPV (SBPV), was negatively correlated with IL-6 and s-ICAM and positively correlated with urinary epinephrine and cortisol. Finally, LF-DBPV was negatively associated with mortality, an effect was rendered nonsignificant by adjustment by age but not other sociodemographic characteristics.Discussion: These findings, the first from a large, national sample, suggest that LF-BPV differs significantly from VVV-BP and ABPV. Confirming its relationship to sociodemographic risk factors and clinical outcomes requires further study with large and representative samples.
Prevalence, correlates, and network analysis of depression and its associated quality of life among ophthalmology nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liu Zi-Han , Li Yue , Tian Zi-Rong , Zhao Yan-Jie , Cheung Teris , Su Zhaohui , Chen Pan , Ng Chee H. , An Feng-Rong , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundNurses in Ophthalmology Department (OD) had a high risk of infection during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study examined the prevalence, correlates, and network structure of depression, and explored its association with quality of life (QOL) in Chinese OD nurses.MethodsBased on a cross-sectional survey, demographic and clinical data were collected. Depression was measured with the 9-item Self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and QOL was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Univariate analyses, multivariate logistic regression analyses, and network analyses were performed.ResultsAltogether, 2,155 OD nurses were included. The overall prevalence of depression among OD nurses was 32.71% (95%CI: 30.73–34.70%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that having family or friends or colleagues who were infected (OR = 1.760, p = 0.003) was significantly associated with higher risk of depression. After controlling for covariates, nurses with depression reported lower QOL (F(1, 2,155) = 596.784, p &lt; 0.001) than those without depression. Network analyses revealed that ‘Sad Mood’, ‘Energy Loss’ and ‘Worthlessness’ were the key central symptoms.ConclusionDepression was common among OD nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the negative impact of depression on QOL and daily life, regular screening for depression, timely counselling service, and psychiatric treatment should be provided for OD nurses, especially those who had infected family/friends or colleagues. Central symptoms identified in network analysis should be targeted in the treatment of depression.
Does grandchild care intention, intergenerational support have an impact on the health of older adults in China? A quantitative study of CFPS data
Authors: Zhang Xinjie , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundWith the rising of fertility cost and the implementation of the “universal three-child” policy, the model of intergenerational support for grandchild is becoming an inevitable choice for more and more families in China. As the number of grandchildren increases and the interval between births extends, will the grandchild care intention and grandparents’ health be affected?MethodsBased on the data of China Family Panel Studies from 2018 and 2020, this study used multiple linear regression and multiple mediation tests to investigate the effect of grandchild care intention and intergenerational support on the health of older adults.ResultsFirstly, actively taking care of grandchild has increased the self-rated health and mental health of older adults by 11.8 and 10.7%, respectively. Secondly, there is heterogeneity in the effect of intergenerational support from adults on health in their parents, among them, economic support improves the physical health by 5.5%; life care increases the self-rated and physical health by 3.3 and 0.8% respectively; emotional comfort improves the physical and mental health by 2.5 and 2.9%, respectively. Thirdly, grandchild care intention has a mediating effect on the health of older adults through economic support, life care, and emotional comfort.ConclusionThe grandchild care intention has positive effect on the health of older adults. The intergenerational supports (economic support, emotional comfort, and life care) have heterogeneous effects on the health of older adults, such as economic support mainly affects the physical health. Older adults who actively take care of their grandchild are more likely to gain intergenerational support and feedback from their adult children, transforming intergenerational support into a “win-win” model of resource reciprocity between generations. Based on this, it is necessary to re-establish the value identity of “caring for older adults” and “raising grandchildren” at the cultural level, continuously improve the fertility support policies at the government level and establish “caring for older adults” support platform at the social level.
Understanding pandemic resilience: a mixed-methods exploration of burdens, resources, and determinants of good or poor well-being among Austrian psychotherapists
Authors: Schaffler Yvonne , Bauer Monika , Schein Barbara , Jesser Andrea , Probst Thomas , Pieh Christoph , Humer Elke 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the mental health burden on the general population, resulting in increased demands on mental healthcare professionals, including psychotherapists. This cross-sectional study assessed the challenges and resources encountered by 513 psychotherapists based on an online survey conducted between April and May 2022.MethodsQualitative methods content analysis of written reports was employed to investigate the emerging challenges and sources of support during the pandemic. A comparative analysis of burdens, resources, sociodemographic factors and daily physical activity was conducted to discern patterns of good and poor well-being.ResultsThe predominant burden identified was mental health-related issues, followed by global crises and government-imposed restrictions to mitigate virus transmission. Essential resources encompassed social connections, mindfulness, work satisfaction, and internal processes. Notably, psychotherapists demonstrating good well-being were older, more physically active, had a lower proportion of females, were employed in private practices rather than in institutionalized settings, had more years of professional experience and treated more patients weekly than their counterparts with poor well-being. Furthermore, they exhibited greater optimism, health focus, and satisfaction with their coping methods.DiscussionThese findings can help develop support systems, policies, and educational programs to better support mental health professionals during global crises and offer strategies for individual practitioners to maintain their well-being.
A risk identification model for detection of patients at risk of antidepressant discontinuation
Authors: Zolnour Ali , Eldredge Christina E. , Faiola Anthony , Yaghoobzadeh Yadollah , Khani Masoud , Foy Doreen , Topaz Maxim , Kharrazi Hadi , Fung Kin Wah , Fontelo Paul , Davoudi Anahita , Tabaie Azade , Breitinger Scott A. , Oesterle Tyler S. , Rouhizadeh Masoud , Zonnor Zahra , Moen Hans , Patrick Timothy B. , Zolnoori Maryam 
Published: August 2023

PurposeBetween 30 and 68% of patients prematurely discontinue their antidepressant treatment, posing significant risks to patient safety and healthcare outcomes. Online healthcare forums have the potential to offer a rich and unique source of data, revealing dimensions of antidepressant discontinuation that may not be captured by conventional data sources.MethodsWe analyzed 891 patient narratives from the online healthcare forum, “askapatient.com,” utilizing content analysis to create PsyRisk—a corpus highlighting the risk factors associated with antidepressant discontinuation. Leveraging PsyRisk, alongside PsyTAR [a publicly available corpus of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to antidepressants], we developed a machine learning-driven algorithm for proactive identification of patients at risk of abrupt antidepressant discontinuation.ResultsFrom the analyzed 891 patients, 232 reported antidepressant discontinuation. Among these patients, 92% experienced ADRs, and 72% found these reactions distressful, negatively affecting their daily activities. Approximately 26% of patients perceived the antidepressants as ineffective. Most reported ADRs were physiological (61%, 411/673), followed by cognitive (30%, 197/673), and psychological (28%, 188/673) ADRs. In our study, we employed a nested cross-validation strategy with an outer 5-fold cross-validation for model selection, and an inner 5-fold cross-validation for hyperparameter tuning. The performance of our risk identification algorithm, as assessed through this robust validation technique, yielded an AUC-ROC of 90.77 and an F1-score of 83.33. The most significant contributors to abrupt discontinuation were high perceived distress from ADRs and perceived ineffectiveness of the antidepressants.ConclusionThe risk factors identified and the risk identification algorithm developed in this study have substantial potential for clinical application. They could assist healthcare professionals in identifying and managing patients with depression who are at risk of prematurely discontinuing their antidepressant treatment.
Survival Benefit of Kidney Transplantation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease and Prior Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kim Deok-Gie , Cho Dong-Hyuk , Kim Kihyun , Kim Sung Hwa , Lee Juhan , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoung Soo , Kang Dae Ryong , Yang Jae Won , Han Byoung Geun , Lee Jun Young 
Published: August 2023

Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) and a previous acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have less access to KT. Data on ESKD patients with an AMI history who underwent first KT or dialysis between January 2007 and December 2018 were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Patients who underwent KT (n = 423) were chronologically matched in a 1:3 ratio with those maintained on dialysis (n = 1,269) at the corresponding dates, based on time-conditional propensity scores. The 1, 5, and 10 years cumulative incidences for all-cause mortality were 12.6%, 39.1%, and 60.1% in the dialysis group and 3.1%, 7.2%, and 14.5% in the KT group. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of KT versus dialysis were 0.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12–0.24; p &lt; 0.001) for mortality and 0.38 (95% CI, 0.23–0.51; p &lt; 0.001) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Of the MACE components, KT was most protective against cardiovascular death (HR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.12–0.42; p &lt; 0.001). Protective effects of KT for all-cause mortality and MACE were consistent across various subgroups, including patients at higher risk (e.g., age &gt;65 years, recent AMI [&lt;6 months], congestive heart failure). KT is associated with lower all-cause mortality and MACE than maintenance dialysis patients with a prior AMI.
Microbiological Profile of Fracture Related Infection at a UK Major Trauma Centre
Authors: Patel Kavi H. , Gill Laura I. , Tissingh Elizabeth K. , Galanis Athanasios , Hadjihannas Ioannis , Iliadis Alexis D. , Heidari Nima , Cherian Benny , Rosmarin Caryn , Vris Alexandros 
Published: August 2023

Fracture Related Infection (FRI) represents one of the biggest challenges for Trauma and Orthopaedic surgery. A better understanding of the microbiological profile should assist with decision-making and optimising outcomes. Our primary aim was to report on the microbiological profile of FRI cases treated over a six-year period at one of Europe’s busiest trauma centres. Secondarily, we sought to correlate our findings with existing anti-microbiological protocols and report on diagnostic techniques employed in our practice. All adult cases of FRI treated in our institution between 2016 and 2021 were identified, retrospectively. We recorded patient demographics, diagnostic strategies, causative organisms and antibiotic susceptibilities. There were 330 infection episodes in 294 patients. A total of 463 potentially pathogenic organisms (78 different species) were identified from cultures, of which 57.2% were gram-positive and 39.7% gram-negative. Polymicrobial cultures were found in 33.6% of cases and no causative organism was found in 17.5%. The most prevalent organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (24.4%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (14%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.2%), Enterobacter species (7.8%) and Escherichia coli (6.9%). Resistant gram-positive organisms (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus or vancomycin-resistant Enterococci) were implicated in 3.3% of infection episodes and resistant gram-negatives (extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, ampC or carbapenemase-producing bacteria) in 13.6%. The organisms cultured in 96.3% of infection episodes would have been covered by our empirical systemic antibiotic choice of teicoplanin and meropenem. To our knowledge, this is the largest reported single-centre cohort of FRIs from a major trauma centre. Our results demonstrate patterns in microbiological profiles that should serve to inform the decision-making process regarding antibiotic choices for both prophylaxis and treatment.