bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genetic structure and demographic history revealed by whole-genome resequencing provide insights into conservation of critically endangered Artocarpus nanchuanensis
Authors: Xia Changying , Zuo Youwei , Xue Tiantian , Kang Ming , Zhang Huan , Zhang Xiaoxia , Wang Binru , Zhang Jiabin , Deng Hongping 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionWhole-genome resequencing technology covers almost all nucleotide variations in the genome, which makes it possible to carry out conservation genomics research on endangered species at the whole-genome level.MethodsIn this study, based on the whole-genome resequencing data of 101 critically endangered Artocarpus nanchuanensis individuals, we evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure, inferred the demographic history and genetic load, predicted the potential distributions in the past, present and future, and classified conservation units to propose targeted suggestions for the conservation of this critically endangered species.ResultsWhole-genome resequencing for A. nanchuanensis generated approximately 2 Tb of data. Based on abundant mutation sites (25,312,571 single nucleotide polymorphisms sites), we revealed that the average genetic diversity (nucleotide diversity, π) of different populations of A. nanchuanensis was relatively low compared with other trees that have been studied. And we also revealed that the NHZ and QJT populations harboured unique genetic backgrounds and were significantly separated from the other five populations. In addition, positive genetic selective signals, significantly enriched in biological processes related to terpene synthesis, were identified in the NHZ population. The analysis of demographic history of A. nanchuanensis revealed the existence of three genetic bottleneck events. Moreover, abundant genetic loads (48.56% protein-coding genes) were identified in Artocarpus nanchuanensis, especially in genes related to early development and immune function of plants. The predication analysis of suitable habitat areas indicated that the past suitable habitat areas shifted from the north to the south due to global temperature decline. However, in the future, the actual distribution area of A. nanchuanensis will still maintain high suitability.DiscussionBased on total analyses, we divided the populations of A. nanchuanensis into four conservation units and proposed a number of practical management suggestions for each conservation unit. Overall, our study provides meaningful guidance for the protection of A. nanchuanensis and important insight into conservation genomics research.
Reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of a Chinese handwriting legibility scale among primary students in central China
Authors: Lu Hong , Chen Xin , Leung Frederick K. S. , Zuo Haode 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundChinese handwriting has a close relationship with spatial cognition, and the legibility dimension is prominent with its spatial-oriented characteristics. However, handwriting evaluation focusing on the detailed spatial aspects of the legibility dimension in the Chinese context is rare.Aims and methodsWe aimed to develop a Chinese Handwriting Legibility Scale (CHLS) and examine its reliability, validity, and measurement invariance among Chinese primary students of different grades. A total of 684 students aged 8–12 years were recruited from a mainstream primary school in central China and were asked to copy a Chinese template as legibly as possible within 4 min. The developed CHLS was used to assess these students’ legibility performance.ResultsThe seven-criteria CHLS favored content validity. The inter-rater reliability was good; however, the scoring instructions need to be refined. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a one-factor solution explaining 62.336% of the variance of the seven-criteria CHLS, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed its appropriateness. There was a high internal consistency (α = 0.902). In terms of measurement invariance, the factor structures and loadings of the CHLS were consistent across students of different grades; however, significant intercept variations were detected between students of Grades 2 and 4.ConclusionCHLS may be effective for evaluating Chinese handwriting legibility performance in the Chinese primary school context in the central region. Students’ Chinese handwriting legibility performance may have developmental specificity in different grades.
Effects of virtual reality guided meditation in older adults: the protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cinalioglu Karin , Lavín Paola , Bein Magnus , Lesage Myriam , Gruber Johanna , Se Jade , Bukhari Syeda , Sasi Neeti , Noble Helen , Andree-Bruneau Marie , Launay Cyrille , Sanders Justin , Gauthier Serge , Rosa Pedro , Lifshitz Michael , Battistini Bruno J. , Beauchet Olivier , Khoury Bassam , Bouchard Stephane , Fallavollita Pascal , Vahia Ipsit , Rej Soham , Sekhon Harmehr 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundVirtual reality (VR) based meditation has been shown to help increase relaxation and decrease anxiety and depression in younger adults. However, this has not been studied in Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) in the older adult population. The aim of this RCT is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a VR-guided meditation intervention for community-dwelling older adults and its effect on stress and mental health.MethodsWe will recruit 30 participants aged ≥ 60 years, whose perceived stress score (PSS) is &gt; 14 (moderate stress), and randomize them 1:1 to the intervention or control waitlist group. The intervention will involve exposure to eight 15-min VR-guided meditation sessions distributed twice weekly for 4-weeks. Two modalities will be offered: in-home and at the hospital.Data analysisBaseline and post-intervention assessments will evaluate perceived stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, quality of life, and mindfulness skills. Analyses will employ mixed methods repeated ANOVA tests. Qualitative analyses through semi-structured interviews and participant observation will be used to assess participants’ experiences. Study outcomes include: (A) feasibility and acceptability compared to a waitlist control (B) stress, using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); (C) anxiety, and depression, using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); (D) insomnia, quality of life and mindfulness skills, using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Quality of Life Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Forms (FFMQ-SF), respectively. We will also measure immersive tendencies, sickness and sense of presence using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) and the Presence Questionnaire (PQ).DiscussionVirtual reality-guided meditation could be an acceptable, feasible, safe, and cost-effective novel alternative health intervention for improving older adults’ mental health.Clinical trial registration: NCT05315609 at https://clinicaltrials.gov.
Exploring the relationship between mental health and dialect use among Chinese older adults: a moderated mediation estimation
Authors: Li Tianxin , Li Jin , Ke Xigang 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundMental health, conceptualized as psychological status that includes rational cognition, emotional stability, and interpersonal harmony, is highly relevant to the expected health and well-being of all humans. China is facing the dual risk of increased aging and mental health disorders in older adults, while the established studies have rarely focused on the influence of dialect on the mental health of Chinese older adults. The present study aims to capture the relationship between dialect and mental health in Chinese older adults.MethodsWe use cross-sectional data from the nationally representative China Family Panel Studies, which encompasses the dialect use, mental health, and other socioeconomic features of 4,420 respondents. We construct a moderated mediation model that uses dialects and mental health as the independent and dependent variables and income inequality and subjective well-being as the mediator and moderator to reveal the relationship between dialect and mental health in Chinese older adults.Results(1) Dialects are shown to have a negative influence on the mental health of older adults in the current study (coefficient = −0.354, 95% CI = [−0.608, −0.097]). (2) Income inequality positively mediates the correlation between dialects and mental health (coefficient = 0.019, 95% CI = [0.010, 0.045]). (3) Subjective well-being negatively moderates the potential mechanism between dialects and mental health (coefficient = −0.126, 95% CI = [−0.284, −0.010]).ConclusionThe use of dialects is associated with worse mental health outcomes in Chinese older adults, while this negative influence is positively mediated by income inequality and negatively moderated by subjective well-being, simultaneously. This study contributes to the knowledge enrichment of government workers, older adults with mental disorders, medical staff, and other stakeholders.
The association between different sources of distraction and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Osborne Jahla B. , Zhang Han , Carlson Madison , Shah Priti , Jonides John 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAdults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are generally distractible. Yet, the precise relationship between ADHD and distractibility remains under-specified in two respects. First, different sources of distraction, such as background noise or mind wandering, may not be equally associated with ADHD. Second, ADHD itself comprises a variety of symptoms that show considerable heterogeneity and it is unclear which ADHD symptoms are associated with which type of distraction.MethodsThe current study addresses these questions using one clinically evaluated sample (N = 69) and two large non-clinically evaluated samples (N = 569, N = 651). In all samples, participants completed questionnaires about their susceptibility to external distraction, unwanted intrusive thoughts, spontaneous mind-wandering and ADHD symptomatology.ResultsTraditional regression and novel network analyses revealed an overwhelming contribution of spontaneous mind-wandering in explaining ADHD symptoms, although external distraction and unwanted intrusive thoughts were also associated with a small number of ADHD symptoms.DiscussionFindings support a growing body of literature linking spontaneous mind-wandering and ADHD, and they highlight the heterogeneity in the association between ADHD symptoms and different sources of distraction.
Autism spectrum disorder, very-early onset schizophrenia, and child disintegrative disorder: the challenge of diagnosis. A case-report study
Authors: Di Luzio Michelangelo , Guerrera Silvia , Pontillo Maria , Lala Maria Rosaria , Casula Laura , Valeri Giovanni , Vicari Stefano 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) contains several disorders previously present as distinct diagnoses in the DSM Revised Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-TR). These include child disintegrative disorder (CDD). The latter presents typical features, such as a late regression of developmental acquisitions. However, it also shows symptoms similar to ASD, and psychotic symptoms, such as very-early onset schizophrenia (VEOS), are described in the literature.Case reportIn this case report we deepen the case of P., a child who presents a late regression, at 7 years old, associated with psychotic symptoms in the absence of organic alterations. The child was treated with antipsychotic drug therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. P. was diagnosed with ASD with acute and late regression associated with psychotic symptoms. During the follow-up, there was a gradual improvement in the clinical conditions. Improvements were possible due to therapeutic intervention (pharmacological and psychotherapeutic) and/or the natural course of the disorder.ConclusionThe diagnostic difficulty of this case reflects a clinical complexity in which it is not easy to distinguish between neurodevelopmental and psychiatric aspects. Clinical cases such as that of P. emphasize the theme of the neurodevelopment continuum model in which neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disturbances can be considered within a pattern of pathological continuity.
The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation characteristics in depressed adolescents with suicide attempts: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Hu Changchun , Jiang Wenhao , Huang Jie , Lin Jian , Huang Jialing , Wang Mei , Xie Jian , Yuan Yonggui 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) is a measure of spontaneous brain activity derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Previous research has suggested that abnormal ALFF values may be associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide attempts in adolescents. In this study, our aim was to investigate the differences in ALFF values between adolescent MDD patients with and without a history of suicide attempts, and to explore the potential utility of ALFF as a neuroimaging biomarker for aiding in the diagnosis and prediction of suicide attempts in this population.MethodsThe study included 34 adolescent depression patients with suicide attempts (SU group), 43 depression patients without suicide attempts (NSU group), and 36 healthy controls (HC group). Depression was diagnosed using a threshold score greater than 17 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The rs-fMRI was employed to calculate zALFF values and compare differences among the groups. Associations between zALFF values in specific brain regions and clinical variables such as emotion regulation difficulties were explored using Pearson partial correlation analysis. Receiver-Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis assessed the ability of mean zALFF values to differentiate between SU and NSU groups.ResultsSignificant differences in zALFF values were observed in the left and right inferior temporal gyrus (l-ITG, r-ITG) and right fusiform gyrus (r-FG) among the three groups (GRF corrected). Both SU and NSU groups exhibited increased zALFF values in the inferior temporal gyrus compared to the HC group. Furthermore, the SU group showed significantly higher zALFF values in the l-ITG and r-FG compared to both the NSU group and the HC group. Partial correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between zALFF values in the left superior and middle frontal gyrus (l-SFG, l-MFG) and the degree of emotional dysregulation in the SU group (R = −0.496, p = 0.003; R = −0.484, p = 0.005). Combining zALFF values from the l-ITG and r-FG achieved successful discrimination between depressed adolescents with and without suicide attempts (AUC = 0.855) with high sensitivity (86%) and specificity (71%).ConclusionDepressed adolescents with suicidal behavior exhibit unique neural activity patterns in the inferior temporal gyrus and fusiform gyrus. These findings highlight the potential utility of these specific brain regions as biomarkers for identifying suicide risk in depressed adolescents. Furthermore, associations between emotion dysregulation and activity in their frontal gyrus regions were observed. These findings provide preliminary yet pertinent insights into the pathophysiology of suicide in depressed adolescents.
A Radiomics-Clinical Model Predicts Overall Survival of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Immunotherapy: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Yolchuyeva Sevinj , Giacomazzi Elena , Tonneau Marion , Ebrahimpour Leyla , Lamaze Fabien C. , Orain Michele , Coulombe François , Malo Julie , Belkaid Wiam , Routy Bertrand , Joubert Philippe , Manem Venkata S. K. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a great breakthrough in cancer treatments and provide improved long-term survival in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, prognostic and predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy still remain an unmet clinical need. In this work, we aim to leverage imaging data and clinical variables to develop survival risk models among advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy. Methods: This retrospective study includes a total of 385 patients from two institutions who were treated with ICIs. Radiomics features extracted from pretreatment CT scans were used to build predictive models. The objectives were to predict overall survival (OS) along with building a classifier for short- and long-term survival groups. We employed the XGBoost learning method to build radiomics and integrated clinical-radiomics predictive models. Feature selection and model building were developed and validated on a multicenter cohort. Results: We developed parsimonious models that were associated with OS and a classifier for short- and long-term survivor groups. The concordance indices (C-index) of the radiomics model were 0.61 and 0.57 to predict OS in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. While the area under the curve (AUC) values of the radiomic models for short- and long-term groups were found to be 0.65 and 0.58 in the discovery and validation cohorts. The accuracy of the combined radiomics-clinical model resulted in 0.63 and 0.62 to predict OS and in 0.77 and 0.62 to classify the survival groups in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. Conclusions: We developed and validated novel radiomics and integrated radiomics-clinical survival models among NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. This model has important translational implications, which can be used to identify a subset of patients who are not likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The developed imaging biomarkers may allow early prediction of low-group survivors, though additional validation of these radiomics models is warranted.
Physiological and Gene Expression Analysis of Herbaceous Peony Resistance to Alternaria tenuissima Infection
Authors: Wu Yang , Lu Zhonghua , Zhu Yongfang , Guo Xianfeng 
Published: July 2023

Leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria pathogens seriously threatens peony production. The physiological mechanism of peony resistance to the pathogen is little reported. This study aimed to reveal the defensive mechanism of peonies in response to the pathogen Alternaria tenuissima. The disease-resistant (R) variety ‘Zi Fengyu’ and susceptible (S) variety ‘Heihai Botao’ were employed, and some parameters in the leaves were analyzed after inoculation with A. tenuissima, mainly including the hypersensitive response (HR), activity of defensive enzymes, and expression of disease-resistance genes. The results showed that compared with the responses in the S genotype, HR occurred more rapidly in the R genotype. Meanwhile, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) and other two defense enzymes (polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) increased more significantly, and the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes (PlPR1, PlPR2, PlPR4B, PlPR5, and PlPR10) and two WRKY genes (PlWRKY13 and PlWRKY65) was more strongly induced. These responses collectively contributed to the disease resistance of the R genotype. These findings provided a theoretical basis for understanding the intrinsic mechanism of peony resistance to Alternaria leaf spot disease and breeding the disease-resistant peony varieties using a molecular approach.
Gut Bacterial Diversity of Insecticide-Susceptible and Insecticide-Resistant Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Elucidation of Their Putative Functional Roles
Authors: Zhu Bifeng , Chen Yueyin , Zhou Chenyan , Li Haolong , Ali Shaukat , Wu Jianhui 
Published: July 2023

The gut bacterial microbiota of insects plays a crucial role in physiological, metabolic, and innate immune processes. In the current study, the gut bacterial communities of an insecticide-susceptible (IS), and a resistant (IR) population of a major legume pest, Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall), were evaluated. The 16S rDNA V3 + V4 regions of M. usitatus infected with Beauveria brongniartii along with the intestinal flora of both populations were sequenced based on a High-throughput sequencing platform. Toxicological bioassays revealed that the IR population exhibited resistance to acetamiprid and B. brongniartii isolate SB010 at levels of 138.0-fold and 55.6-fold higher, respectively, compared to the IS population. Through 16S High-throughput sequencing, the results indicate that both resistant populations, as well as B. brongniartii infestation, reduce the number of species of M. usitatus gut microbes. Using KEGG function prediction, it was found that most intestinal bacteria were involved in various metabolic activities, and the abundance of resistant populations was higher than that of sensitive populations. The bacteria in the gut of M. usitatus are mainly involved in various metabolic activities to achieve the degradation of B. brongniartii. This study provides valuable insights into the interaction between gut bacteria, insecticide resistance, and Beauveria. brongniartii infection in Megalurothrips usitatus, which can help inform future pest control strategies.
Pendampingan Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Simplisia dan Teh Celup Bawang Dayak Melalui Pengurusan PIRT di KWT Sri Rejeki
Authors: Muthia Rahmi , Putri Aristha Novyra , Hasymi Liana Fitriani , Fitriah Rahmayanti 
Published: July 2023

KWT Sri Rejeki merupakan salah satu kelompok wanita yang membudidayakan sayuran dan tanaman yang ternyata juga bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat, salah satunya yaitu bawang dayak. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian masyarakat sebelumnya tahun 2022 di KWT Sri Rejeki, produk hasil pendampingan tahun lalu telah dapat diperdagangkan secara offline maupun online namun nilai daya jualnya masih belum maksimal. Keterbatasan dan permasalahannya adalah belum dimilikinya izin edar baik untuk produk olahan simplisia maupun teh celupan bawang dayak sehingga pemasarannya sangat terbatas. Hal ini menunjukkan perlu pengembangan produk dengan pendampingan dalam pengajuan izin edar produk sehingga diharapkan juga dapat meningkatkan pemasaran produk. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk melalui pendampingan pengurusan PIRT produk simplisia dan teh celupan bawang Dayak. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu pengurusan perizinan ke UPT BPP Liang Anggang, pemberian alat penunjang pembuatan produk berupa oven pengering, pendampingan penyuluhan dari dinas Kesehatan banjarbaru terkait pengurusan izin edar PIRT, pendampingan desain kemasan sediaan, serta pengurusan izin PIRT. Hasil kegiatan berupa peningkatan teknologi menggunakan oven pengering pada proses pengeringan produk sehinga meningkatkan kualitas produk, Selain itu anggota KWT Sri Rejeki lebih memahami alur perizinan dengan baik setelah disampaikan oleh dua narasumber langsung dari dinas Kesehatan banjarbaru. Hasil lainnya berupa produk dengan desain kemasan yang kekinian dan inovatif ditunjang dengan izin PIRT untuk produk simplisia bawang Dayak dan teh celupan bawang Dayak.