bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macroalgal forest restoration: the effect of the foundation species
Authors: Bianchelli Silvia , Fraschetti Simonetta , Martini Francesco , Lo Martire Marco , Nepote Ettore , Ippoliti Davide , Rindi Fabio , Danovaro Roberto 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionActive restoration is the strategy needed to trigger or accelerate the recovery of degraded marine habitats, which provide the goods and services essential for preserving biodiversity and human wellbeing. Ecosystem engineers are generally the target species in the ecological restoration of marine ecosystems, and large-sized brown macroalgae (e.g., the Cystoseira complex) are a priority due to their crucial ecological importance and vulnerability in many regions of the Mediterranean Sea. MethodsHere, we present the results of a successful intervention of ecological restoration of Gongolaria barbata. Results and DiscussionOne year after the restoration intervention, we observed the recovery of the canopy in terms of ca. 15m2 with a significant increase in faunal abundance and biodiversity compared with reference areas. However, despite the high restored macroalgal growth rates, the assemblage structure was still significantly different from that of reference pristine areas. Despite the fast faunal colonization of a new 3D habitat linked to the successful re-introduction of the ecosystem engineers (i.e., macroalgae), the complete restoration of the properties of a habitat can be a much longer process. We conclude that, after 1 year, active restoration of macroalgal forests still results in a partial recovery of ecosystem functions (i.e., rehabilitation) rather than a full ecosystem restoration, thus stressing the need for long-term monitoring of restoration interventions.
Multifactorial assessment of Parkinson’s disease course and outcomes using trajectory modeling in a multiethnic, multisite cohort – extension of the LONG-PD study
Authors: Chase Bruce A. , Krueger Rejko , Pavelka Lukas , Chung Sun Ju , Aasly Jan , Dardiotis Efthimios , Premkumar Ashvini P. , Schoneburg Bernadette , Kartha Ninith , Aunaetitrakul Navamon , Frigerio Roberta , Maraganore Demetrius , Markopoulou Katerina 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe severity, progression, and outcomes of motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are quite variable. Following PD cohorts holds promise for identifying predictors of disease severity and progression.MethodsPD patients (N = 871) were enrolled at five sites. Enrollment occurred within 5 years of initial motor symptom onset. Disease progression was assessed annually for 2-to-10 years after onset. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify groups differing in disease progression. Models were developed for UPDRS-III scores, UPDRS-III tremor and bradykinesia-rigidity subscores, Hoehn &amp; Yahr (H&amp;Y) stage, Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) scores, and UPDRS-III, H&amp;Y and MMSE scores considered together. Predictors of trajectory-group membership were modeled simultaneously with the trajectories. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis evaluated survival free of PD outcomes.ResultsThe best fitting models identified three groups. One showed a relatively benign, slowly progressing trajectory (Group 1), a second showed a moderate, intermediately progressing trajectory (Group 2), and a third showed a more severe, rapidly progressing trajectory (Group 3). Stable trajectory-group membership occurred relatively early in the disease course, 5 years after initial motor symptom. Predictors of intermediate and more severe trajectory-group membership varied across the single variable models and the multivariable model jointly considering UPDRS-III, H&amp;Y and MMSE scores. In the multivariable model, membership in Group 2 (28.4% of patients), relative to Group 1 (50.5%), was associated with male sex, younger age-at-onset, fewer education-years, pesticide exposure, absence of reported head injury, and akinetic/rigid subtype at initial presentation. Membership in Group 3 (21.3%), relative to Group 1, was associated with older age-at-onset, fewer education-years, pesticide exposure, and the absence of a tremor-predominant subtype at initial presentation. Persistent freezing, persistent falls, and cognitive impairment occurred earliest and more frequently in Group 3, later and less frequently in Group 2, and latest and least frequently in Group 1. Furthermore, autonomic complications, dysphagia, and psychosis occurred more frequently in Groups 2 and 3 than in Group 1.ConclusionModeling disease course using multiple objective assessments over an extended follow-up duration identified groups that more accurately reflect differences in PD course, prognosis, and outcomes than assessing single parameters over shorter intervals.
Associations between migraine and possible risk factors in the Czech Republic
Authors: Riedlova Petra , Zahradnikova Barbora , Skybova Dagmar , Slachtova Hana , Jirik Vitezslav , Tomaskova Hana 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMigraine is a widespread neurological disorder, growing increasingly common. However, the pathogenesis of the disease is often unclear and the evidence for the role of various risk factors is limited. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with migraine and to contribute towards a better understanding of this disease.MethodsData from 3,247 questionnaires were analyzed for associations between migraine and sex, age, BMI, degree of education, and air pollution, along with other factors such as contact with friends, physical condition, health, anxiety, and depression. A cross-sectional study was conducted with an approximately equal distribution of the sample by age, gender and two analysed regions. Data were presented using basic descriptive statistics using the chi-square test. The model output was presented using a crude odds ratio (OR) and a fully adjusted OR. Three hundred and eight-six individuals (12%) suffered from migraine.ResultsIn an adjusted model, the presented study found associations between the prevalence of migraine and sex, age, and level of education. Individuals with migraine statistically significantly more often suffered from depression, anxiety and other selected factors. However, the assumed significant association between the occurrence of migraine and pollution in the region has not been found
Construction of a prognostic model for colorectal adenocarcinoma based on Zn transport-related genes identified by single-cell sequencing and weighted co-expression network analysis
Authors: Chen Hua , Zhao Ting , Fan Jianing , Yu Zhiqiang , Ge Yiwen , Zhu He , Dong Pingping , Zhang Fu , Zhang Liang , Xue Xiangyang , Lin Xiaoming 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the third most lethal cancer globally. The most reported histological subtype of CRC is colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The zinc transport pathway is critically involved in various tumors, and its anti-tumor effect may be through improving immune function. However, the Zn transport pathway in COAD has not been reported.MethodsThe determination of Zn transport-related genes in COAD was carried out through single-cell analysis of the GSE 161277 obtained from the GEO dataset. Subsequently, a weighted co-expression network analysis of the TCGA cohort was performed. Then, the prognostic model was conducted utilizing univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis. Functional enrichment, immune microenvironment, and survival analyses were also carried out. Consensus clustering analysis was utilized to verify the validity of the prognostic model and explore the immune microenvironment. Ultimately, cell experiments, including CCK-8,transwell and scratch assays, were performed to identify the function of LRRC59 in COAD.ResultsAccording to the Zn transport-related prognostic model, the individuals with COAD in TCGA and GEO databases were classified into high- and low-risk groups. The group with low risk had a comparatively more favorable prognosis. Two groups had significant variations in the immune infiltration, MHC, and the expression of genes related to the immune checkpoint. The cell experiments indicated that the proliferation, migration, and invasion of the HCT-116, DLD-1, and RKO cell lines were considerably increased after LRRC59 knockdown. It proved that LRRC59 was indeed a protective factor for COAD.ConclusionA prognostic model for COAD was developed using zinc transport-related genes. This model can efficiently assess the immune microenvironment and prognosis of individuals with COAD. Subsequently, the function of LRRC59 in COAD was validated via cell experiments, highlighting its potential as a biomarker.
The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study
Authors: Kansu Aydan , Kuloglu Zarife , Tümgör Gökhan , Taşkın Didem Gülcü , Dalgıç Buket , Çaltepe Gönül , Demirören Kaan , Doğan Güzide , Tuna Kırsaçlıoğlu Ceyda , Arslan Duran , Işık İshak Abdurrahman , Demir Hülya , Bekem Özlem , Şahin Yasin , Bayrak Nevzat Aykut , Selimoğlu Mukadder Ayşe , Yavuz Sibel , Taşkaya İbrahim Ethem , Altay Derya ,   the VICTORIA Study Group
Published: September 2023

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels &gt;2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases.
Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168.
Decoding tumor heterogeneity in uveal melanoma: basement membrane genes as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets revealed by multi-omics approaches for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Li Yunyue , Cai Huabao , Yang Jinyan , Xie Xixi , Pei Shengbin , Wu Yifan , Zhang Jinhao , Song Guobin , Zhang Jieying , Zhang Qinhong , Chi Hao , Yang Guanhu 
Published: September 2023

Background: Uveal melanoma (UVM) is a primary intraocular malignancy that poses a significant threat to patients’ visual function and life. The basement membrane (BM) is critical for establishing and maintaining cell polarity, adult function, embryonic and organ morphogenesis, and many other biological processes. Some basement membrane protein genes have been proven to be prognostic biomarkers for various cancers. This research aimed to develop a novel risk assessment system based on BMRGs that would serve as a theoretical foundation for tailored and accurate treatment.Methods: We used gene expression profiles and clinical data from the TCGA-UVM cohort of 80 UVM patients as a training set. 56 UVM patients from the combined cohort of GSE84976 and GSE22138 were employed as an external validation dataset. Prognostic characteristics of basement membrane protein-related genes (BMRGs) were characterized by Lasso, stepwise multifactorial Cox. Multivariate analysis revealed BMRGs to be independent predictors of UVM. The TISCH database probes the crosstalk of BMEGs in the tumor microenvironment at the single-cell level. Finally, we investigated the function of ITGA5 in UVM using multiple experimental techniques, including CCK8, transwell, wound healing assay, and colony formation assay.Results: There are three genes in the prognostic risk model (ADAMTS10, ADAMTS14, and ITGA5). After validation, we determined that the model is quite reliable and accurately forecasts the prognosis of UVM patients. Immunotherapy is more likely to be beneficial for UVM patients in the high-risk group, whereas the survival advantage may be greater for UVM patients in the low-risk group. Knockdown of ITGA5 expression was shown to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasive ability of UVM cells in vitro experiments.Conclusion: The 3-BMRGs feature model we constructed has excellent predictive performance which plays a key role in the prognosis, informing the individualized treatment of UVM patients. It also provides a new perspective for assessing pre-immune efficacy.
Fighting for Olympic dreams and life beyond: Olympian judokas on striving for glory and tackling post-athletic challenges
Authors: Hong Hee Jung , Hong Seung Han 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThis study explores the experiences of Olympian judokas, examining both their pursuit of excellence to compete at the Olympics and their subsequent transition out of judo. The aim is to offer empirical evidence regarding the challenges they face in realizing their Olympic dreams, and to shed light on the transitional challenges, available resources, and needs they face as they move toward post-athletic lives.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with eight Olympian judokas: five males and three females, all of whom have retired from competitive judo. These participants are from Portugal (n= 1), Republic of Korea (n= 2), and the United Kingdom (n= 5). We employed thematic analysis, which led to the identification of five main themes: (a) From Dreams to Olympic Reality, (b) Facing the Void: Loss of Goals and Identity, (c) The Crucial Role of Social Support, (d) Dual Aspects of Pre-Retirement Planning, and (e) The Double Edge of Organizational Support.FindingsThe findings highlight the significant challenges faced by Olympian judokas, including goal and identity loss post-retirement, and the need for comprehensive and accessible organizational support, particularly psychological assistance, to assist in their transition to post-athletic life.ImplicationsThe findings not only enhance our understanding of judokas’ experiences during transition but also offer insights that could guide the development of tailored support programs. It is critical for sport governing bodies and practitioners to apply these insights in creating comprehensive and easily accessible support systems, which will ensure a smoother transition to post-athletic life for high-performance athletes.
“On an island by myself”: implications for the inclusion of autistic students in self-contained classrooms in public elementary schools
Authors: Ahlers Kaitlyn , Hugh Maria L. , Tagavi Daina , Eayrs Curtis , Hernandez Alyssa M. , Ho Theodore , Locke Jill 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionAutistic students have limited access to inclusive classes and activities in their schools. Principals and special education teachers who directly teach and administer programs for autistic elementary students can offer critical insight into factors, such as educators’ attitudes, that may impact inclusive opportunities in schools. These attitudes may serve as barriers to or facilitators of promoting an inclusive school setting.MethodsSemi-structured interviews with 26 elementary school principals and 26 special education teachers explored their experiences implementing evidence-based practices for autistic students (pivotal response training, discrete trial training, and visual schedules) in 26 self-contained classrooms in the United States. Autism-specific culture and inclusion emerged as a theme, which was analyzed for this paper.ResultsAn inductive approach to thematic analysis revealed principals’ and special education teachers’ perspectives regarding the “autism-specific culture” in the school, including attitudes towards and inclusion of autistic students in self-contained classrooms in the broader school environment. Analysis of text related to “autism-specific culture” detailed aspects of inclusion, factors (i.e., barriers and facilitators) affecting inclusion, principals’ and special education teachers’ attitudes towards autistic students placed in self-contained classrooms, attitudes of other school staff towards teachers in self-contained classrooms, and recommendations to support an inclusive school environment for autistic students.DiscussionResults suggest that valuing “equal” access to classes and activities for autistic students in self-contained classrooms may not be sufficient for promoting an inclusive school environment, Educators may benefit from targeted strategies to facilitate inclusion. Strategies range from supporting educators’ attitudes and knowledge of autism to shifting physical aspects of the school environment (e.g., location of classrooms). Additional implications for supporting the true inclusion (i.e., inclusion that goes beyond physical inclusion) involves of autistic students in self-contained classrooms schools are discussed.
Wastewater-based surveillance identifies start to the pediatric respiratory syncytial virus season in two cities in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Mercier Elisabeth , Pisharody Lakshmi , Guy Fiona , Wan Shen , Hegazy Nada , D’Aoust Patrick M. , Kabir Md Pervez , Nguyen Tram Bich , Eid Walaa , Harvey Bart , Rodenburg Erin , Rutherford Candy , Mackenzie Alex E. , Willmore Jacqueline , Hui Charles , Paes Bosco , Delatolla Robert , Thampi Nisha 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionDetection of community respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections informs the timing of immunoprophylaxis programs and hospital preparedness for surging pediatric volumes. In many jurisdictions, this relies upon RSV clinical test positivity and hospitalization (RSVH) trends, which are lagging indicators. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) may be a novel strategy to accurately identify the start of the RSV season and guide immunoprophylaxis administration and hospital preparedness.MethodsWe compared citywide wastewater samples and pediatric RSVH in Ottawa and Hamilton between August 1, 2022, and March 5, 2023. 24-h composite wastewater samples were collected daily and 5 days a week at the wastewater treatment facilities in Ottawa and Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, respectively. RSV WBS samples were analyzed in real-time for RSV by RT-qPCR.ResultsRSV WBS measurements in both Ottawa and Hamilton showed a lead time of 12 days when comparing the WBS data set to pediatric RSVH data set (Spearman’s ρ = 0.90). WBS identify early RSV community transmission and declared the start of the RSV season 36 and 12 days in advance of the provincial RSV season start (October 31) for the city of Ottawa and Hamilton, respectively. The differing RSV start dates in the two cities is likely associated with geographical and regional variation in the incidence of RSV between the cities.DiscussionQuantifying RSV in municipal wastewater forecasted a 12-day lead time of the pediatric RSVH surge and an earlier season start date compared to the provincial start date. These findings suggest an important role for RSV WBS to inform regional health system preparedness, reduce RSV burden, and understand variations in community-related illness as novel RSV vaccines and monoclonal antibodies become available.
Corrosion behavior of aluminum-carbon fiber/epoxy sandwich composite exposed on NaCl solution
Authors: Jáquez-Muñoz J. M. , Castrejon A. N. , Lira-Martínez M. A. , Maldonado-Bandala E. , Cabral-Miramontes J. , Lara-Banda M. , Estupiñán-López F. , Nieves-Mendoza D. , Gaona-Tiburcio C. , Almeraya-Calderón F. 
Published: September 2023

For years, the aeronautical industry has employed different types of materials to satisfy its high-performance requirements. Fiber-metal laminates are used due to their combination of lighter weight and the high mechanical properties of reinforced metal and carbon. We therefore made two different composites of laminate-metal and laminate-metal-laminate of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer and aluminum with an ALCLAD layer. The samples were characterized by salt fog (0, 48, and 96 h) at 5 wt% NaCl and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with an electrolyte of 3.5 wt% NaCl. All samples were studied by electron scanning microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated that the samples of laminate-metal-laminate presented an adsorption process after 0 and 48 h of salt fog exposition; meanwhile, the samples of laminate-metal showed a capacitive behavior for all the samples; however, corrosion resistance decreased when the salt fog exposition time increased.
Clinical outcomes and satisfaction in patients after lumbar microdiscectomy
Authors: Chaulagain Dipak , Smolanka Volodymyr , Smolanka Andriy , Havryliv Taras , Sechko Alexandr 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation is a common cause of low back and radicular pain. Microdiscectomy is the recommended surgical technique for herniated lumbar discs at the moment. It has great success rates and little postoperative morbidity. We aimed to assess the clinical result and patient satisfaction of micro-discectomy in lumbar disc herniation patients.
Methodology: This is a prospective observational hospital-based research of 26 patients who had micro-discectomy at the Regional Clinical Center of Neurosurgery and Neurology in Uzhhorod, Ukraine, during August and September 2021. The research excluded patients with recurrent prolapsed intervertebral discs, multiple level herniated discs, and disc surgery requiring stability. During surgery, the kind of prolapsed intervertebral disc, its level, and the duration of the procedure were recorded. Additionally, we recorded the duration of the patient's hospital stay and any complications. The visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the MacNab score questionnaires were used to measure pain, disability, and patient satisfaction, respectively.
Result: All procedures were performed on a single level using micro-discectomy. The mean age of the study population was 45.69 years. Micro-discectomy surgeries were performed in less than an hour in 69.2% of cases. The most often seen lumbar prolapsed intervertebral disc occurred at the L4-L5 level (57.7%). The most often seen kinds of prolapse were disc extrusion (30.8%) and disc sequestration (26.9%). The mean length of stay in the hospital was 3.96 days. After surgery, 57.7% of patients received an excellent rating on the Macnab's scale. There was a statistically significant difference between pre- and postoperative VAS and ODI scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Overall 65.4% of patients had no postoperative complications. In these instances, a proper surgical technique might help avoid problems. Our findings demand additional investigation with bigger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods.