bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Xenobiotic Profiling of Rat Plasma Using Untargeted Metabolomics and
Background Subtraction-Based Approaches: Method Evaluation and Comparison
Authors: Jiang Xiaojuan , Chen Simian , Zhu Mingshe , Wu Caisheng 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Global xenobiotic profiling (GXP) is to detect and structurally characterize all xenobiotics
in biological samples using mainly liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) based
methods. GXP is highly needed in drug metabolism study, food safety testing, forensic chemical analysis, and exposome
research. For detecting known or predictable xenobiotics, targeted LC-HRMS data processing methods based on
molecular weights, mass defects and fragmentations of analytes are routinely employed. For profiling unknown xenobiotics,
untargeted and LC-HRMS based metabolomics and background subtraction-based approaches are required.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of untargeted metabolomics and the precise and thorough
background subtraction (PATBS) in GXP of rat plasma.

Methods:
Rat plasma samples collected from an oral administration of nefazodone (NEF) or Glycyrrhizae Radix et
Rhizoma (Gancao, GC) were analyzed by LC-HRMS. NEF metabolites and GC components in rat plasma were thoroughly
searched and characterized via processing LC-HRMS datasets using targeted and untargeted methods.

Results:
PATBS detected 68 NEF metabolites and 63 GC components, while the metabolomic approach (MS-DIAL)
found 67 NEF metabolites and 60 GC components in rat plasma. The two methods found 79 NEF metabolites and 80
GC components with 96% and 91% successful rates, respectively.

Conclusion:
Metabolomics methods are capable of GXP and measuring alternations of endogenous metabolites in a
group of biological samples, while PATBS is more suited for sensitive GXP of a single biological sample. A combination
of metabolomics and PATBS approaches can generate better results in the untargeted profiling of unknown
xenobiotics.
Recent Studies on Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptor Antagonists in Medicinal
Chemistry: A Last Decades Survey
Authors: Kamadar Jignesh H. , Kumari D Roza , Kapadiya Khushal M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
In the last decades, much attention has been paid to the functioning of receptors to
understand better how they work with various chemical motifs. Among different families, G-proteincoupled
receptor (GPCR) families have drawn much attention in the twenty-first century. They are the
most prominent signal transducer across the cell membrane, comprising thousand-odd proteins. One
of the members of GPCRs is the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor, which has been associated with
complex etiological mental illnesses. In this survey, we collected data on 5-HT2A, i.e., the role of 5-
HT2A receptors in human and animal analogy, various binding site functionalities, advanced effects,
and synthetic aspects.
Higher Abundance of Vitronectin (S-protein) in Serum-derived Exosomes
of Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients as Compared
to HIV-Tuberculosis Dual-infected Patients and Healthy Humans
Authors: Vir  Singh Ajay , Kushwaha Shweta , Yadav Rajbala , Davuluri Kusuma Sai , Goel Anjana , Chauhan Devendra Singh 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Despite the crucial involvement of vitronectin in affecting the perseverance
of certain respiratory pathogens and the progression of several lung diseases, the association of vitronectin
with tuberculosis (TB) has been poorly studied. The present study aimed to determine whether
vitronectin levels are altered in TB patients compared to healthy humans.

Methods:
Twenty-four laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis patients (pulmonary TB -8, extrapulmonary-
8 and HIV-TB dual infected -8) and eight healthy individuals were included in this study.
The quantitative detection of vitronectin in serum-derived exosomes of study participants was performed
using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Measured concentrations of vitronectin
were compared with the demographic variables of the study participants and between the study
groups. The Mann–Whitney U unpaired test was used in statistical analysis, and the p-value < 0.05
was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Vitronectin was detected in serum-derived exosomes of all study participants. The demographic
characteristics (gender, age, smoking and alcohol consumption habit, history of cough, and
weight loss) were not significantly correlated with the vitronectin concentrations of the study participants
(p-value> 0.05). The level of vitronectin was higher in patients with pulmonary TB (778.54 ng/l)
and extra-pulmonary-TB patients (773.04 ng/l) while lower in HIV-pulmonary TB dual-infected patients
(354.86 ng/l) as compared to healthy humans (456.20ng/l). There was a significant difference
between vitronectin concentrations of patients with pulmonary TB (p-value: 0.0002) and extrapulmonary
TB (p-value: 0.003) compared to healthy controls.

Conclusion:
The present study reported an increased concentration of vitronectin in serum-derived
exosomes of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB patients compared to HIV-TB dual-infected patients
and healthy humans. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the diagnostic potential and functionalities
of higher concentrations of vitronectin in the pathogenic processes of human TB.
18 F-FDG PET/MRI of Primary Hepatic Malignancies: Differential Diagnosis
and Histologic Grading
Authors: Sökmen Bedriye Koyuncu , Inan Nagihan 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Distinguishing between IHCC and HCC is important because of their differences in treatment and prognosis. The hybrid positron emission Tomography/magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET/MRI) system has become more widely accessible, with oncological imaging becoming one of its most promising applications

Objective:
The objective of this study was to see how well 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/MRI could be used for differential diagnosis and histologic grading of primary hepatic malignancies.

Methods:
We retrospectively evaluated 64 patients (53 with HCC, 11 with IHCC) with histologically proven primary hepatic malignancies using 18F-FDG/MRI. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), coefficient of variance (cv) of the ADC, and standardized uptake value (SUV) were calculated.

Results:
The mean SUVmax value was higher for IHCC (7.7 ± 3.4) than for HCC (5.2 ± 3.1) (p = 0.019). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.737, an optimal 6.98 cut-off value providing 72% sensitivity and 79% specificity. The ADCcv value in IHCC was statistically significantly higher than in HCC (p=0.014). ADC mean values in HCCs were significantly higher in low-grade tumors than in high-grade tumors. The AUC value was 0.73, and the optimal cut-off point was 1.20x10-6 mm2/s, giving 62% sensitivity and 72% specificity. The SUVmax value was also found to be statistically significantly higher in the high-grade group. The ADCcv value in the HCC low-grade group was found to be lower than in the high-grade group (p=0.036).

Conclusion:
18F FDG PET/MRI is a novel imaging technique that can aid in the differentiation of primary hepatic neoplasms as well as tumor-grade estimation.
Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Diclofenac with Curcumin for Neuronal
Restoration and Repair Against Scopolamine Induced Dementia in
Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Pande Sonal , Patel Chirag 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Clinical studies have already revealed the ubiquitous neuroprotective role of
curcumin in neuronal deterioration, but it cannot be used alone due to its truncated bioavailability. Currently,
many such approaches are functional, which overcome this issue either by increasing the solubility
or absorption. These approaches carry a costlier treatment. One more tactic is present but less focused
i.e., by limiting the intestine and liver enzymatic metabolism; by this approach, curcumin will be
more available for its beneficial outcome.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and diclofenac
on the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against scopolamine-induced dementia.

Methods:
Physical parameters involved a novel tank test, T maze test, whereas neurochemical parameters
include brain oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (Ache) inhibition activity in a zebrafish dementia
model.

Results:
Our results demonstrated that curcumin with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and diclofenac significantly
(p<0.05) reduced anxiety, memory deficits, and brain oxidative stress compared to the alone curcumin-
treated group.

Conclusion:
This result approves that curcumin with L.rhamnosus and diclofenac have superior activity
compared to curcumin alone. However, further clinical studies are needed to validate these findings.
Case Report: Novel Pathogenic Variant Detected in Two Siblings with
Type 1 Gaucher Disease
Authors: Dursun Huseyin , Metli Kubra , Bayram Fahri 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease. The disease develops due to glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the glucosylceramidase beta 1 (GBA1) gene, which encodes the glucocerebrosidase en-zyme. The GBA1 gene is located at chromosomal location 1q22 and consists of 11 exons. In this article, we report a novel pathogenic variant in the GBA1 gene.

Case Presentations:
A 32-year-old female patient with no known chronic disease was admitted with complaints of weakness, bone pain, and abdominal pain. Her evaluation included hepatosplenomeg-aly, thrombocytopenia, osteoporosis, and anemia. The clinical suspicion of Gaucher disease was confirmed by glucocerebrosidase enzyme level and genetic testing. In her family screening, her sister also had hepato-splenomegaly, osteoporosis, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Both sisters had no neurological symptoms. As a result of GBA1 gene sequence analysis in two of our patients, a missense variant was detected in the c.593C > A homozygous genotype. This variant has not been reported in any previously published case.

Conclusion:
In this case report, we aimed to contribute to the literature by reporting a new novel pathogenic variant in the GBA1 gene leading to type 1 Gaucher disease that has not been described before.
Research on Visual Inspection Method of Tree Whitening Quality based
on Multi-level Feature Fusion
Authors: Cao Yangfan , Wang Wenchao , Zhao Ying , Sun Qun 
Published: May 2023

Background:
At present, the traditional manual whitewashing method is used in tree whitewashing in China. The quality of tree whitening can only be judged by the naked eye.

Objective:
Up to now, the quality of tree whitewashing is still judged manually. In order to improve work efficiency, an automatic evaluation method of tree whitewashing quality based on multi-level feature fusion is proposed.

Methods:
The images extract texture features from white-washed trees (gray-level co-occurrence matrix) and shape features (gradient direction histogram) from pixel-level fusion to obtain a global characteristic matrix. Using a support vector machine (SVM), random forests, and clustering algorithm (KNN), three classifiers were selected to identify the integration characteristics of the training test. In order to reduce the correlation of feature information and improve the execution efficiency of the classifier, the global feature matrix was optimized by combining principal component analysis (PCA) with pixel-level fusion and feature-level fusion.

Results:
The experiment results showed that the classification accuracy of the support vector machine is 94.00%, which is higher than that of the random forest classifier (92.67) and KNN classifier (92.67%). Meanwhile, the support vector machine is superior to the other two classification algorithms in recall rate, accuracy rate, and algorithm execution efficiency. The results showed that the execution efficiency of each classification algorithm was improved after the optimization of the feature data. The support vector machine classification algorithm is more stable than the other two algorithms.

Conclusion:
The feature fusion method combined with PCA can improve the execution efficiency and recognition precision of classifiers to a certain extent. For the feature matrix obtained by different data processing methods, the SVM classifier performs more stably and reliably than the random forest classifier and KNN in the inspection of tree whitening quality.
pH-metric titration technique for the study of metal-complexes of substituted 2- Oxo-2H-Chromene-3-Carbohydrazide derivatives in solution: calculation of stability constants
Authors: Choudhari P. P. , Dongapure A. C. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In coordination chemistry, the stability of complexes is expressed in terms of the formation constant of complexes. In coordination complexes, the temperature is very important. It plays an important role in complex formation reaction. Temperature affects metal-ligand stability constant (log K) and proton-ligand stability constant (pK). The metal ion Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+ at different temperatures form complexes with 4-sulfamethoxazoleazo-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one are reported. The metal-ligand stability constant (logK) and proton-ligand stability constant (pK) of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with organic ligand n-[2-hydroxy-1-napthalydene]-2-methylanilline at 0.1 M ionic strength in 60% dioxane-water medium is studied. The study of thermodynamic parameters and stability constant of complexes of substituted thiazole Schiff bases with rare earth metal ions in mixed solvent is reported.

Objective:
The study of coordination compounds and a lot of work has been done on metal-ligand stability constant. The same transition metal ion form complexes with substituted pyrazole for this metal-ligand stability constant are determined.

Method:
Pointwise Calculation Method Half Integral Method.

Result:
The values of logK1 and logK2 are determined from the metal-ligand formation curve at formation numbers 0.5 and 1.5. In all cases, logK1 is greater than logK2. The ratio logK1/logK2 is positive and greater than one in all systems. This implies that there is little or no steric hindrance to the addition of the secondary ligand molecules. The difference between logK1 - logK2 is usually positive. If the difference between logK1 and logK2 is less than 2.5, simultaneous formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complexes occurs and if it is more than 2.5, then stepwise complex formation occurs. In the present case, in all systems, it is less than 2.5. This indicates the simultaneous formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complexes takes place.

Conclusion:
A pH-metric study of Substituted 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide derivatives with metal ions Fe(III), and Mn(II) occurs. The graphical representation of the curve shows that the acid + ligand curve is separated from the corresponding acid + ligand + metal curve in this system. The formation of a complex is indicated. Half integral method and pointwise calculation method give nearly similar results. The values of stability constants for all systems indicate that the complexes formed in these processes are stable.
Global Trends of Cosmeceutical in Nanotechnology: A Review
Authors: Rohilla Seema , Rohilla Ankur , Narwal Sonia , Dureja Harish , Bhagwat Deepak Prabhakar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Nanotechnology suggests different innovative solutions to augment the worth of cosmetic
products through the targeted delivery of content that manifests scientific innovation in research and development.
Different nanosystems, like liposomes, niosomes, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles,
nanoform lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and nanospheres, are employed in cosmetics. These nanosystems
exhibit various innovative cosmetic functions, including site-specific targeting, controlled content
release, more stability, improved skin penetration and enhanced entrapment efficiency of loaded compounds.
Thus, cosmeceuticals are assumed as the highest-progressing fragment of the personal care industries
that have progressed drastically over the years. In recent decades, cosmetic science has widened
the origin of its application in different fields. Nanosystems in cosmetics are beneficial in treating different
conditions like hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, dandruff, photoaging and hair damage. This review
highlights the different nanosystems used in cosmetics for the targeted delivery of loaded content and
commercially available formulations. Moreover, this review article has delineated different patented
nanocosmetic formulation nanosystems and future aspects of nanocarriers in cosmetics.
Lipid-based Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Approach for Biomedical Application
Authors: Upadhyay Prashant , Aslam Ramsha , Tiwari Varsha , Upadhyay Sukirti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The development of nanosized drug-carrier systems has been investigated over the past few
decades using various techniques. The two main categories of these systems are polymeric nanoparticles
and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The toxicological risk associated with lipid nanoparticles is significantly
lower than the danger associated with polymeric nanoparticles due to the materials' natural
and biological origins. Lipid-based drug delivery systems like Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)
and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) are well-established nanotechnology systems for preparing all
major pharmaceuticals. These delivery systems can be scaled up with easy manufacturing procedures
and are biocompatible. NLCs are the second generation of lipid-based nanocarriers (SLNs), formed by
combining solid and liquid biocompatible lipids to form an unstructured matrix that provides high entrapment
efficiency of active constituents. LNPs can promote the distribution of active pharmaceutical
ingredients to the target site. Increasing the active drug concentration to target organ LNPs enhances
the therapeutic effectiveness and reduces the side effects. This paper reviews the structure of SLNs
and different NLCs, various steps involved in manufacturing lipid nanoparticles, excipients used in the
formulation, and applications for targeted drug delivery.
Multimedia interaktif pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris materi “Expressions” pada siswa sekolah menengah pertama
Authors: Atibrata Tyas Gita , Nugroho Wahyu , Azmi Ulul 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk berupa multimedia interakif pembelajaran bahasa Inggris materi Expressions pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Ali Maksum Yogyakarta dan mengetahui keefektifan produk multimedia interaktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development) merupakan jenis penelitian yang berorientasi pada produk. Model yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam pengembangan ini adalah model pengembangan Borg dan Gall. Model ini memiliki 10 tahapan pengembangan. Kesepuluh tahap tersebut sebagai berikut. (1) research and information collecting. (2) Planning. (3) developing preliminary form of product. (4) Preliminary field testing. (5) Main product revision. (6) main field testing. (7) operational product revision. (8) operational field testing. (9) final product revision. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian siswa serta peningkatan pemahaman materi expressions pada siswa maka multimedia interaktif ini layak dan sesuai digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Validasi materi mendapat skor 4,2 dengan kategori baik, validasi media mendapat skor 4,4 dengan kategori sangat baik. Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan antara yang menggunakan multimedia interaktif dengan yang tidak menggunakan multimedia interaktif. Developing English material “expressions” junior highschool students AbstractThis research aims to produce a product in the form of interactive multimedia English learning material “Expressions” in eighth grade students of Ali Maksum Middle School Yogyakarta. Research and development (research and development) is a type of product-oriented research. The model used by researchers in this development was the Borg and Gall development model. This model has 10 stages of development. The ten stages are as follows. (1) Research and information collecting). (2) Planning. (3) Developing preliminary form of product. (4) Preliminary field testing. (5) Main product revision. (6) Main field testing. (7) operational product revision. (8) Operational field testing. (9) Final product revision. (10) Dissemination and application (desimination and implementation). The subjects of the trials were students of class VIII Ali Maksum Yogyakarta Yogyakarta.The results of the study showed that student assessments and understanding of expressions material were increased. Furthermore, this interactive multimedia is feasible and suitable for use in classroom learning
Developing speaking skill learning materials based on Natural Order Hypothesis
Authors: Setiawan Arif , Pranowo Dwiyanto Djoko 
Published: May 2023

The literature on the teaching of English at higher education in Indonesia reflects that both English and non-English departments pay equal attention to the four language skills, namely speaking, listening, reading, and writing. However, there are still issues in the teaching of speaking skills especially in the English instruction for the non-English majors. This research tried to solve the issues using interventions in the form of learning materials focused on speaking skills based on Natural Order Hypothesis by Brown (1973), Burt (1974, 1975), and Krashen (1982, 2009, 2013) as well as the lesson plans used in the teaching of English for non-English majors in a state university in Yogyakarta. The materials were validated by subject experts and a field trial involving participants of 30 non-English department students was conducted. The effectiveness of the materials was measured using a validated instrument that had been pilot-tested to 10 respondents of the same backgrounds as the participants of the field trial. The research instrument utilized Sugiyono’s (2015) formula with the results showing a percentage of 86.37 out of a possible 100%, which means that the materials are in the category of ‘highly acceptable’.
The impact of gamification on students’ motivation: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Fitria Tira Nur 
Published: May 2023

Given the complexity and difficulty of mastering English competencies and skills required in an English subject, a lack of interest and motivation to learn is a common issue that affects learning activities and learning outcomes of the students. By using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this study reviews the impact of gamification on students’ motivation (engagement) in the teaching and learning process of English as a foreign language. The study collected 30 journal articles as the data corresponding to three quality assessments: published in the last 5 years or between 2018-2022, explains the influence of gamification on students' motivation or students’ engagement, and discusses research on gamification in the setting of Indonesian school/college students. These articles also need to answer the research questions on the improvement of gamification score on students' motivation/engagement and the influence of gamification on students' motivation/engagement during the class. The systematic review demonstrates that the application of gamification in learning has a favorable effect on the improvement of motivation scores and their engagement during the teaching and learning process. Gamification in education is especially promising due to its ability to influence students’ behavior in a favorable manner.