bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Government Intervention in Land Markets: The Role of Industrial Policies in Shaping Land Use Costs
Authors: Li Kaishun , Li Kaiming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIndustrial policies influence national economic development by allocating industrial land resources. Unlike the market‐oriented industrial land transaction systems in developed countries, China's industrial land transactions are significantly influenced by governmental intervention. However, there is insufficient research on the extent and mechanisms of industrial policy's influence on land use costs in this context. Therefore, this study combines land transactions, industrial policy, urban statistics, and listed company data, creating a dataset of 9705 land transactions from 2011 to 2020 to analyze industrial policies' impact on land use costs. The findings are as follows: First, different industrial policies have differentiated effects on land use costs, with lower costs for key industries and higher costs for heavily polluting industries. Second, the impact is more pronounced when the land parcel is situated outside the development zone, transferred by the prefecture‐level city government, and the proportion of the tertiary industry in the province is relatively low. Third, local governments achieve regulation of land use costs through industrial policies by employing listing method and transferring land to state‐owned enterprises. Furthermore, subsequent investigations reveal that industrial policies can mitigate the decline in total factor productivity caused by increased land use costs for enterprises. This article holds significant implications for optimizing industrial land resource allocation and facilitating industrial transformation and upgrading in developing countries.
Luteinizing hormone receptor knockout mouse: What has it taught us?
Authors: Huhtaniemi Ilpo T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLuteinizing hormone (LH), along with its agonist choriongonadotropin (hCG) in humans, is the key hormone responsible for the tropic regulation of the gonadal function. LH and hCG act through their cognate receptor, the luteinizing hormone/choriongonadotropin receptor (LHCGR; more appropriately LHR in rodents lacking CG), located in the testis in Leydig cells and in the ovary in theca, luteal, and luteinizing granulosa cells. Low levels in LHCGR are also expressed in numerous extragonadal sites. Hypogonadism is observed in humans expressing inactivating mutations in the LHβ‐subunit (LHB)and LHCGR genes, confirming the crucial role of LH and LHCGR in gonadal development and function. Unraveling of the LHR structure and the advent of gene manipulation techniques enabled the production of mouse models with inactivated LHR function, that is, the LHR knockout (LuRKO) mouse, some 20 years ago. This mouse model has thereafter been instrumental in various experimental settings, alone or combined with other genetically modified mouse models, in providing novel, and in some cases unexpected, details about the LH/LHR function. We will review here the salient findings of these studies.
Do Fiscal Regimes Matter for Fiscal Sustainability in India?
Authors: Arjun  , Mishra Bibhuti Ranjan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGovernments, economists, and policymakers in India have long been concerned about India's unsustainability of public debt. Therefore, the present study seeks fresh evidence of India's fiscal sustainability from 1980–81 to 2020–21. This study employs linear (model‐based) and three non‐linear models (quadratic, cubic, and kinked) to examine the fiscal sustainability in India. The regime changes are quantified using a ‘regime‐switching model‐based fiscal stability test’ that does not consider the linear fiscal response function method. The findings from the analysis point to a statistically significant fiscal sustainability outcome for the linear model but not for the non‐linear model. There is also the sign of a ‘regime‐switching’ fiscal rule in India from 1980–81 to 2020–21. The unsustainable fiscal regime has been identified only in three periods: 1983–84 to 1993–94, 2009–10 to 2012–13, and 2018–19 to 2020–21. For other periods, sustainable regimes are evident. The study finds that India's fiscal policy satisfies the ‘non‐Ponzi game condition’, as revealed by the regime‐specific reaction coefficients and the average periods of fiscal regimes. However, the country's long‐term fiscal sustainability has been jeopardised, as the debt‐stabilising condition is strictly violated. Regime‐based insensitivity, which results in an unsustainable fiscal regime lasting for more than 3 years, might expose the country to long‐term fiscal unsustainability.
Randomised controlled feasibility trial of retroperitoneal vs transperitoneal robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy: the ROPARN study
Authors: Kälble Sebastian , Engelmann Simon U. , Schrutz Hannah , Zeman Florian , Rinderknecht Emily , Haas Maximilian , Pickl Christoph , Goßler Christopher , Yang Yushan , Denzinger Stefan , Burger Maximilian , Bründl Johannes , Mayr Roman 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility of trial recruitment and confirm that retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy (RRPN) has the same oncological efficacy as transperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy (TRPN), with time advantages and less peri‐operative morbidity, in a randomised controlled trial (RCT).Patients and MethodsThe study was designed as a single‐centre, open‐label, feasibility RCT. Patients with suspected localised renal cell carcinoma referred for robotic partial nephrectomy were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either TRPN or RRPN. The primary outcomes were trial feasibility, postoperative mobility and pain perception. Secondary outcomes were intra‐operative times, assessment of complications, and comparison of positive surgical margin (PSM) rates. The data on all randomised patients who underwent surgery were analysed descriptively.ResultsSixty‐one patients underwent TRPN or RRPN (31 vs 30). Postoperative mobility within 24 h after surgery (RRPN: 77 vs TRPN: 71%; P = 0.613), median postoperative pain, assessed using a numeric rating scale (RRPN: 1.5 vs TRPN: 1.8; P = 0.509), and full bowel canalisation within 3 days (RRPN: 100% vs TRPN: 90%; P = 0.315) were more favourable in the RRPN group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In comparison to TRPN, RRPN was associated with shorter operating time (81 vs 105 min; P = 0.005), shorter time on the console (49 vs 73 min; P < 0.001) and shorter time from console to renal artery preparation (7.5 vs 18 min; P < 0.001). TRPN required a shorter time from skin incision to console (16 vs 12 min; P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in tumour complexity, ischaemia time, PSM rate, blood loss or complications between the two groups.ConclusionWe present the first data from an RCT comparing RRPN with TRPN. RRPN showed significant time benefits while being a safe alternative to TRPN, with a similar PSM rate. There was less postoperative morbidity in the RRPN group, although this was not statistically significant. These results underline that dorsolateral renal tumours should be preferably resected by RRPN. Further multicentre RCTs are necessary to confirm these results.
Imaging predictors of adverse prognosis in Fabry disease cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Stankowski Kamil , Figliozzi Stefano , Rojanathagoon Thanakorn , Bampatsias Dimitrios , Klettas Dimitrios , Monti Lorenzo , Bragato Renato , Masci Pier‐Giorgio , Francone Marco , Condorelli Gianluigi , Imbriaco Massimo , Pieroni Maurizio , Camporeale Antonia , Georgiopoulos Georgios 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCardiac involvement represents the main cause of death in patients with Fabry disease (FD). Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have an established diagnostic role, but their prognostic value remains unresolved. This systematic review and meta‐analysis sought to assess the prognostic implications of imaging parameters in FD.MethodsPubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched for studies from inception through 1 May 2024. Studies including FD patients undergoing baseline imaging assessment and clinical follow‐up were selected. Pre‐defined study outcomes were a cardiovascular endpoint and a composite clinical endpoint. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42022342394).ResultsFourteen studies, including 1713 FD patients (44.7% males), were selected. At pooled analysis, late gadolinium enhancement (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.45; 95% CI: 2.82–7.02), left atrium volume indexed (HR: 1.02 per mL/m2; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03), E/e′ (HR: 1.14 per unit increase; 95% CI: 1.08–1.21), left ventricular (LV) mass indexed (HR: 1.01 per mg/m2; 95% CI: 1.00–1.02), maximum LV wall thickness (HR: 1.19 per mm, 95% CI: 1.04–1.36) and LV‐global longitudinal strain (HR: 1.20 per unit increase; 95% CI: 1.16–1.25) were significantly associated with the cardiovascular endpoint, whereas T1‐mapping and LV‐ejection fraction were not. T1‐mapping was associated with the composite endpoint (HR: 0.99 per msec increase; 95% CI: 0.98–1.00). Meta‐regression analysis did not show any significant interaction between each of the potential effect modifiers.ConclusionsSeveral imaging parameters were significant predictors of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with FD. Late gadolinium enhancement showed the strongest association with adverse prognosis.
Which is the most cost‐effective antiseizure medication for initial monotherapy for focal epilepsy?
Authors: Hu Yani , Chen Shunan , Mao Fengqian , Wang Suhong , Chen Jie , Hu Wei , Yu Lingyan , Dai Haibin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveAn increasing number of antiseizure medications (ASMs) are approved for monotherapy for focal epilepsy, but direct comparisons of the lifetime cost‐effectiveness of all existing treatment strategies are lacking. This study aims to compare the cost‐effectiveness of new ASMs and traditional ASMs as first‐line monotherapy for newly diagnosed focal epilepsy.MethodWe used a Markov model to evaluate the lifetime cost‐effectiveness of 10 ASMs in the treatment of focal epilepsy, with lacosamide (LCM) as a control, from the perspective of society in the United States. Effectiveness, cost data, and health state utilities were obtained from published literature. The cycle of the model is 6 months. Willingness to pay was defined as $150 000 per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY). One‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate parameter uncertainty, and several scenario analyses were also conducted.ResultsThe base case analysis showed that carbamazepine (CBZ) was the least costly ASM and more effective than valproic acid (VPA), levetiracetam (LEV), gabapentin (GBP), topiramate (TPM), and lamotrigine (LTG) from an American social perspective. In contrast, oxcarbazepine (OXC), phenytoin (PHT), phenobarbitone (PHB), LCM, and zonisamide (ZNS) were more effective than CBZ, with incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios of $334 703.50, $325 610.99, $3 037 148.62, $1 178 954.91, and $108 153 360.85/QALY, respectively. The traditional ASMs were ranked as CBZ, PHT, VPA, and PHB; the new ASMs were ranked as OXC, LEV, LCM, LTG, TPM, GBP, and ZNS. When generic drugs are used, PHT, OXC, and CBZ remain the three most cost‐effective options.SignificanceIn terms of cost‐effectiveness, CBZ monotherapy is the best option for newly diagnosed focal epilepsy, followed by OXC, PHT, VPA, LEV, PHB, LCM, LTG, TPM, GBP, and ZNS. Most traditional ASMs are more cost‐effective than new ASMs; OXC is an exception.
Changes in serum myostatin levels among patients with type C liver cirrhosis treated with direct‐acting antivirals
Authors: Suehiro Tomoyuki , Kozuru Hideko , Matusmoto Kosuke , Kugiyama Yuki , Motoyoshi Yasuhide , Saeki Akira , Nagaoka Shinya , Yamasaki Kazumi , Komori Atsumasa , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo clarify whether direct‐acting antiviral treatment improves serum myostatin levels of patients with cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C virus.MethodsA total of 99 patients with type C liver cirrhosis were administered direct‐acting antiviral treatment. The median age was 73 years, and 58 patients were women. We measured the levels of serum myostatin, decorin, follistatin, and insulin‐like growth factor‐1, as well as the skeletal muscle mass index at baseline. We measured the sustained virological response at 48 weeks.ResultsSerum myostatin levels of the Child–Pugh class B or C group (n = 30) were significantly higher than those of the Child–Pugh class A group (n = 69) at baseline. The multivariate analysis indicated that the total bilirubin level and Mac‐2 binding protein glycosylation isomer level were independent factors associated with serum myostatin levels. Serum myostatin levels significantly decreased, whereas the skeletal muscle mass index and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 level were significantly increased at 48 weeks.ConclusionsDirect‐acting antiviral treatment decreased serum myostatin levels and may improve sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis.
Increasing dosing intervals for biologics in atopic dermatitis‐why, who, when and how?
Authors: Jacobson M. E. , Boesjes C. M. , de Bruin‐Weller M. S. , de Graaf M. , Morimoto R. Y. , Simpson E. L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBiologics approved and in development for atopic dermatitis offer life‐changing clinical efficacy with a relatively banal long‐term safety profile requiring no laboratory monitoring. Biologic therapies also have their drawbacks, including high payor cost and the need to be administered as every other week subcutaneous injections. Addressing these concerns, studies of longer dosing intervals have been performed in the formal clinical trial setting and during real‐world clinical care. Here, we review the current progress and evidence of dose elongation strategies in biologics for atopic dermatitis. We find that across a diverse investigational landscape, a large patient population exists that is able to maintain adequate disease control on a prolonged dosing interval. Evidence of clinical predictors of maintenance of disease control using this approach is emerging, although the impact of increased dosing intervals as a strategy to mitigate side effects is lacking. Patients experiencing good disease control are ideal candidates to engage in a shared decision‐making process between patients and providers that will facilitate an individualized dosing approach in practice.
Abundance of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) is determined by diet rather than biosynthesis
Authors: Verhelst Pieterjan , Boyen Jens , Monroig Óscar , Rigaux Annelien , Vlaeminck Bruno , Moens Tom , De Troch Marleen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) exhibits a remarkable phenotypic plasticity by occupying both marine and freshwater habitats and transitional areas in between. Because these habitats are characterized by different food sources with different fatty acid compositions, it remains unclear how eels from different habitats obtain essential long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC‐PUFAs) to integrate in their lipids. We studied whether the fatty acid composition of eels in three different habitats, that is, a marine lagoon, an estuary, and a river, could be related to the expression levels of genes involved in the LC‐PUFA pathways. In general, there were no significant differences in gene expression between eels from marine and freshwater habitats; gene expression in marine and freshwater specimens significantly differed from eels caught in the estuary. However, levels of essential LC‐PUFAs and fatty acid ratio markers differed significantly between eels from the river and the marine lagoon. Therefore, we conclude that the LC‐PUFA composition of the European eel is likely defined by their food intake from the local environment they are living in and potentially affected by the prevailing conditions, such as food availability, temperature, and salinity.
The relationship between primate distal fibula trabecular architecture and arboreality, phylogeny and size
Authors: Alfieri Fabio , Veneziano Alessio , Panetta Daniele , Salvadori Piero A. , Amson Eli , Marchi Damiano 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe fibula, despite being traditionally overlooked compared to the femur and the tibia, has recently received attention in primate functional morphology due to its correlation with the degree of arboreality (DOA). Highlighting further fibular features that are associated with arboreal habits would be key to improving palaeobiological inferences in fossil specimens. Here we present the first investigation on the trabecular bone structure of the primate fibula, focusing on the distal epiphysis, across a vast array of species. We collected μCT data on the distal fibula for 21 species of primates, with representatives from most of the orders, and we employed a recently developed approach implemented in the R package ‘indianaBones’ to isolate the entire trabecular bone underlying an epiphysis or articular facet. After extracting both traditional trabecular parameters and novel topological indices, we tested for the posited relationship between trabecular bone and DOA. To disentangle this effect from others related to body size and phylogenetic relationship, we included a body mass proxy as covariate and employed phylogenetic comparative methods. We ran univariate/multivariate and exploratory/inferential statistical analyses. The trabecular structure of the fibular distal epiphysis in primates does not appear to be associated with the DOA. Instead, it is strongly affected by body mass and phylogenetic relationships. Although we identified some minor trends related to human bipedalism, our findings overall discourage, at this stage, the study of distal fibula trabecular bone to infer arboreal behaviors in extinct primates. We further found that body size distribution is strongly related to phylogeny, an issue preventing us from unravelling the influence of the two factors and that we believe can potentially affect future comparative analyses of primates. Overall, our results add to previous evidence of how trabecular traits show variable correlation with locomotor aspects, size and phylogenetic history across the primate skeleton, thus outlining a complex scenario in which a network of interconnected factors affects the morphological evolution of primates. This work may represent a starting point for future studies, for example, focusing on the effect of human bipedalism on distal fibula trabecular bone, or aiming to better understand the effects of body size and phylogenetic history on primate morphological evolution.
Increased Risk of Adjacent Segment Spondylolisthesis or Instability Following L5–S1 Versus L4–S1 Fixation for L5–S1 High‐Grade Dysplastic Spondylolisthesis in Children
Authors: Guo Xinhu , Guo Zhaoqing , Li Weishi , Chen Zhongqiang , Qi Qiang , Sun Chuiguo , Zhong Woquan , Su Bin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveHigh‐grade dysplastic spondylolisthesis (HGDS) is a relatively rare condition mainly involving the L5/S1 segment of the spine and occurring in children and adolescents. Whether surgical fixation should be L5–S1 monosegmental or extended up to L4 remains controversial. This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes and the risk of adjacent segment spondylolisthesis between L5–S1 monosegmental fixation and L4–S1 double‐segmental fixation for pediatric HGDS.MethodsThis is a retrospective control study Pediatric patients diagnosed with HGDS between March 2007 and October 2022 at our hospital were followed up, and their data were analyzed. The study involved 39 HGDS patients (average slip, 70.0%) divided into two groups: the L5–S1 monosegmental reduction and fusion group (L5 group, 16 patients) and the L4–S1 double‐segmental reduction and fusion group (L4 group, 23 patients). Radiographic parameters and patient‐reported outcomes were collected before surgery and at follow‐up and compared between the two groups. Additionally, the prevalence of adjacent segment spondylolisthesis and instability (ASS/ASI) was compared between the groups at the last follow‐up. Independent sample t‐tests were employed to compare normally distributed data between the two groups. Paired sample t‐tests were employed to compare preoperative data with postoperative data. The chi‐square test was utilized to compare rates.ResultsThe average age was (12.5 ± 2.3) years. The L4 group had a greater slip percentage (77.6% vs. 59.2%; p < 0.001), a smaller Dub‐LSA (60.3° vs. 69.7°; p = 0.022), and a higher slip grade (p = 0.002) than the L5 group, indicating more severe spondylolisthesis in the L4 group. Clinical parameters, namely the visual analog scale, Oswestry disability index, and Japanese Orthopedic Association‐29 score, did not significantly differ between the two groups. The L5 group had a higher rate of ASS/ASI than the L4 group (6/16, 37.5% vs. 0/23, 0%; p = 0.002). Of all the ASS/ASI patients, one underwent a second surgery due to L4 spondylolisthesis 2 years after the primary surgery. The remaining five exhibited no symptoms or mild symptoms.ConclusionsFor pediatric HGDS, both L5–S1 monosegmental fixation and L4–S1 fixation can achieve satisfactory outcomes. However, there is a higher risk of ASS/ASI following L5–S1 fixation than following L4–S1 fixation.
Supervision of Pediatric Anesthesia After‐Hours: A Survey of Pediatric Anesthetists in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Cai Steven , Taverner Fiona 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAfter‐hours pediatric anesthesia may pose increased risks, with a heightened potential for sudden cardio‐respiratory decline. While mortality rates are low in Australia and New Zealand, critical events and morbidity occur more frequently and present ongoing challenges. However, little is known about how trainees are supervised during these high‐risk periods.MethodsAn anonymized online survey of members of the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia in New Zealand and Australia (SPANZA) was conducted to explore supervising anesthetists attitudes towards after‐hours supervision. The survey examined the influence of patient age, medical history, trainee experience, and surgery type on supervision practices.ResultsRespondents identified age and physical status as key risk factors but reported providing less direct supervision than recommended by international studies, especially for non‐complex surgeries in healthy children. Trainee experience was a significant factor in supervision decisions.ConclusionPediatric anesthetists in Australia and New Zealand recognize major risk factors but tend to supervise more remotely after‐hours. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of these supervision practices on outcomes.