bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addictive Potential of e-Cigarettes as Reported in e-Cigarette Online Forums: Netnographic Analysis of Subjective Experiences
Authors: Szafran Daria , Görig Tatiana , Vollstädt-Klein Sabine , Grundinger Nadja , Mons Ute , Lohner Valerie , Schneider Sven , Andreas Marike 
Published: January 2023

Background
While e-cigarettes usually contain nicotine, their addictive potential is not yet fully understood. We hypothesized that if e-cigarettes are addictive, users will experience typical symptoms of addiction.

Objective
The aim of our study was to investigate whether and how e-cigarette users report signs of addiction.

Methods
We identified 3 large German-language e-cigarette online forums via a systematic Google search. Based on a netnographic approach, we used deductive content analysis to investigate relevant posts in these forums. Netnography has the advantage of limiting the social desirability bias that prevails in face-to-face research, such as focus groups. The data were coded according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria for tobacco use disorder, adapted for e-cigarettes. The DSM-5 criteria were used to portray a broad spectrum of possible experiences of addiction.

Results
Overall, 5337 threads in 3 forums were screened, and 451 threads containing relevant information were included in the analysis. Users reported experiences consistent with the DSM-5 criteria, such as craving e-cigarettes, excessive time spent vaping, and health issues related to e-cigarette use. However, our analysis also showed that users reported the absence of typical tobacco use disorder criteria, such as successful attempts to reduce the nicotine dosage. For most themes, reports of their absence were more frequent than of their presence. The absence of perceived addiction was mostly reported in contrast to prior tobacco smoking.

Conclusions
This is the first study to use a netnographic approach to explore unfiltered self-reports of experiences of e-cigarette addiction by users in online forums. As hypothesized, some but not all users reported subjective experiences that corresponded to the criteria of tobacco use disorder as defined by the DSM-5. Nevertheless, subjective reports also indicated that many e-cigarette users felt in control of their behavior, especially in contrast to their prior use of tobacco cigarettes. The finding that some e-cigarette users subjectively experience addiction highlights the need for effective cessation programs to support users who experience their e-cigarette use as burdensome. This research can guide the refinement of instruments to assess e-cigarette addiction and guide cessation programs.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1186/s40359-021-00682-8
A Study of Arizona Physician Relocation Patterns by Rurality and Primary Care Status
Authors: Brady Benjamin R. , Koch Bryna , Gulick Dexter L. , Carter Heather , Derksen Daniel J. 
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives: Physician location is an important element of health care access. However, physician shortages and disparities in geographic distribution exist. This study examines physician locations, relocation patterns, and factors associated with relocating.
Methods: We used Arizona licensure data and rural-urban commuting area (RUCA) codes to identify Arizona physicians and their office or mailing address locations. Our sample included Arizona physicians estimated to be younger than 70 years of age who had an active license between in 2014 and 2019. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess physicians’ adjusted odds of relocating in Arizona by RUCA code, primary care status, age, gender, and medical education location.
Results: We identified 11,202 Arizona physicians in our sample, 33% of whom changed practice addresses within Arizona between 2014 and 2019. Primary care physicians (PCPs) in large rural areas had lower odds of relocating in Arizona (0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.90) than PCPs in urban areas. Compared to 64–69-year-old physicians, those less than 34 and 34-43 years old had statistically higher odds of relocating within Arizona.
Conclusions: Primary care status and rurality are important factors consider to understand physician relocation patterns. We found that a substantial number of Arizona physicians relocated within Arizona between 2014 and 2019, and few of those who relocated (2%) moved to a more rural area.
Impact of Increased Patient-Clinician Virtual Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Student Enthusiasm for Future General Practice Careers
Authors: Laake Jean-Pierre , De Soysa Mihari , Subhaskaran Kajani , Scott Jessica , St Clair Baker Imogen , Alavala Samhitha , Desai Deep , Hein Jennifer , Owen Katherine 
Published: January 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic restricted the availability of face-to-face primary care visits. This rapidly increased the proportion of primary care patient-clinician visits conducted virtually and asynchronously (remote consultations via video, telephone, and web-based text/email), altering the educational environment for medical students. Our study explored the impact of the increased proportion of primary care visits conducted virtually and asynchronously, on medical students’ self-reported interest in pursuing a career in general (family) practice.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey study of medical students at six universities within England and Wales to explore the impact of the increased proportion of primary care visits conducted virtually and asynchronously on medical students’ interest in pursuing a career in general practice.
Results: One hundred fifty-four medical students were recruited between December 2020 and May 2021; 79 (51%) of the participants reported being less interested in pursuing a career in general practice as a result of the increased proportion of virtual and asynchronous primary care visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. This increased to 104 (68%) of the participants reporting being less interested should primary care visits continue to be delivered virtually or asynchronously by default. Analysis of open-ended survey questions identified a poorer educational experience, concerns regarding the impact on patient care, an isolated working environment and technological challenges as key negative themes.
Conclusions: Sociable, supportive working and learning environments and offering equitable care are important motivators for the future workforce. There is a need to develop robust training and assessment in patient-clinician virtual visits and asynchronous communication and to integrate this into curricula.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 6 Promotes Adipocyte Progenitor Cell Proliferation for Adipose Tissue Homeostasis
Authors: Liu Caizhi , Meng Meiyao , Xu Bo , Xu Yuejie , Li Guoqiang , Cao Yuxiang , Wang Dongmei , Qiu Jin , Yu Jian , Xu Lingyan , Ma Xinran , Hu Cheng 
Published: January 2023

The de novo differentiation of hyperplastic adipocytes from adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) is accompanied by a reduction in adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation and improvement in insulin sensitivity in obesity and aging. However, the regulators of APC proliferation are poorly understood. Here, we show that fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF6) acts in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner to control platelet-derived growth factor receptor α–positive APC proliferation via extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Specific FGF6 overexpression in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) improved the signs of high-fat diet– or aging-induced adipose hypertrophy and insulin resistance. Conversely, chronic FGF6 expression blockade in iWAT, mediated by a neutralizing antibody or Fgf6 expression deficiency, impaired adipose tissue expansion and glucose tolerance. Overall, our data suggest that FGF6 acts as a proliferative factor for APCs to maintain fat homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Severe Covid-19 infection in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus during the first three waves in Sweden
Authors: Edqvist Jon , Lundberg Christina , Andreasson Karin , Björck Lena , Dikaiou Pigi , Ludvigsson Johnny , Lind Marcus , Adiels Martin , Rosengren Annika 
Published: January 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective </strong>Type 2 diabetes is an established risk factor for hospitalization and death in COVID-19 infection while findings with respect to type 1 diabetes have been diverging. </p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods </strong>Using nationwide health registries, we identified all patients aged ≥18 years with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Sweden. Odds ratios (ORs) describe general- and age specific risk of being hospitalized, in need of intensive care, or dying, adjusted for age, socioeconomic factors and coexisting conditions, compared to individuals without diabetes. Machine learning models were used to find predictors of outcomes among COVID-19-positive individuals with diabetes. </p>
<p><strong>Results </strong>Until June 30, 2021, we identified 365 (0.71%) and 11,684 (2.31%) hospitalizations in 51,402 and 504,337 patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes, respectively, with 67 (0.13%) and 2,848 (0.56%) cases requiring ICU care, while there were 68 (0.13%) and 4,020 (0.80%) deaths, which we compared with 7,824,181 individuals without diabetes (41,810 hospitalizations (0.53%), 8,753 (0.11%) needing ICU care, and 10,160 (0.13%) deaths). Although those with type 1 diabetes had moderately raised odds of being hospitalized, multiple-adjusted OR 1.38(95% CI 1.24-1.53), there was no independent effect on ICU care or death (ORs of 1.21(95% CI 0.94-1.52) and 1.13(95% CI 0.88-1.48)). Age and socioeconomic factors were the dominating features for predicting hospitalization and death in both types of diabetes. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions Type 2 diabetes were associated with increased odds for all of the outcomes, whereas </strong>patients with type 1 diabetes had moderately increased odds of hospitalization but not ICU care and death. </p>
What Drives Customer Satisfaction in Catering: Evidence from Palangka Raya
Authors: Aulia Deanti , Hafizi Muhammad Riza 
Published: January 2023

The catering business in Palangka Raya is increasingly competitive, so it demands that business people maximize business performance to be able to compete. This study aims to analyze product quality and service quality provided by Catering Aulia on customer satisfaction. Using a quantitative approach, this sample was taken by using the purposive sampling technique. In total, 92 respondents Catering Aulia. Catering Aulia’s customers consist of various government agencies from the province of Kalimantan Tengah, government agencies from the city of Palangka Raya, and the private sector around Palangka Raya. Data is processed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 26. Catering Aulia continues to innovate in creating superior products in terms of taste, packaging and food menus and is no exception with responsive and reliable service in every activity. Based on the findings, it shows that customers are satisfied with the products and services provided at Aulia Catering. what Aulia Catering provides exceeds the expectations perceived by customers. Product quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction at Catering Aulia. This is evidenced by the t-count value of 5.517 with a significance level of 0.000 0.05; and a regression coefficient of 0.287. The effective contribution of product quality to customer satisfaction is 41.2%. Service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction of Catering Aulia. This is evidenced by the t-count value of 3,801 with a significance level of 0.000 0.05; and a regression coefficient of 0.265. The effective contribution of product quality to customer satisfaction is 27%. The results simultaneously show that product quality and service quality have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The magnitude of the influence of product and service quality variables on customer satisfaction is 68.3%. This research contributes empirically to the description of customer satisfaction at Aulia Catering in Palangka Raya. The findings explain that product quality has a higher influence on customer satisfaction by 41.2%, while service quality is 27.1%.
Empati dan Prasangka terhadap Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Olivia Lukika  , Marselius Sampe Tondok  
Published: January 2023

Abstract— Stereo types toward persons with disability have resulted in many people having prejudice about persons with disability and committing discriminatory behavior. This negative attitude and behavior toward persons with disability may be due to a lack of empathy. This study aims to determine the relationship between empathy and student prejudice toward persons with disabilities. The research subjects were 167 students with an age range of 18-25 years in the city of Surabaya. Interpersonal reactivity index (IRI) and attitude to disability scale (ADS) were used to measure empathy and prejudice against persons with disabilities. The hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed that empathy negatively correlated with prejudice (r = -0.286, p < 0.001), which revealed that the higher the empathy, the lower the prejudice toward persons with disabilities. In addition, it was found that two of the empathy aspects, namely fantasy and personal distress, were not correlated with prejudice. Mean while, the other aspects were perspective taking and empathic concern had a negative correlation with prejudice. The implications of this research’s results were discussed.
Keywords: empathy, prejudice toward people with disability, college student
Abstrak— Stereotip terhadap penyandang disabilitas mengakibatkan banyak masyarakat yang berprasangka buruk terhadap penyandang disabilitas hingga melakukan perilaku diskriminasi. Sikap dan perlaku negatif terhadap penyandang disabilitas ini mungkin terjadi karena minimnya empati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan empati dengan prasangka mahasiswa terhadap penyandang disabilitas. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 167 mahasiswa dengan rentang usia 18-25 tahun di Kota Surabaya. Interpersonal reactivity index (IRI) dan attitude to disability scale (ADS) digunakan untuk mengukur empati dan prasangka terhadap penyandang disabilitas. Hipotesis penelitian di uji dengan Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empati berkorelasi negative dengan prasangka (r = -0.286, p < 0.001) yang berarti semakin tinggi empati semakin rendah prasangka terhadap penyandang disabilitas. Selain itu ditemukan bahwa dua dari aspek empati yaitu fantasy dan personal distress tidak berkorelasi dengan prasangka. Sementara itu, aspek yang lain yakni perspective taking dan empathic concern berkorelasi negatif dengan prasangka. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini didiskusikan lebih lanjut.
Kata kunci: empati, prasangka terhadap penyandang disabilitas, mahasiswa
Resveratrol as antioxidant in cardiac surgery: is there potential for clinical application?
Authors: Planinc Mislav , Jovanović Ivana Novak , Rašić Dubravka , Peraica Maja , Sutlić Željko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an essential technique in cardiac surgery but is also associated with adverse effects, including the systemic inflammatory response syndrome that manifests itself as ischaemia-reperfusion injury and multi-organ dysfunction. The aim of this mini review is to take a look at the current knowledge of resveratrol, a stilbenoid and natural antioxidant believed to have many cardioprotective effects including vasodilation, lowering of blood pressure and reactive oxygen species levels, suppression of low-density lipoprotein peroxidation, and mitigation of ischaemia/-reperfusion injury. We mostly focus on its cardioprotective potential in patients undergoing cardiac surgery supported by CPB. Current findings, however, are still inconclusive and call for further research, including clinical trials.
Inhaler use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a meta-analysis†
Authors: Zhou Li-Juan , Wen Xian-Xiu , Jiang Rong , Zhou Huang-Yuan , Li Yan , Mao Xiao-Rang , Lan Mei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate errors in the use of inhalation techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to provide evidence for improving the effectiveness of drugs.

Methods: A meta-analysis was performed after searching for literature at PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, VIP, and SionMed databases which were published from January 2011 to October 2020, addressing errors in the use of inhalation technologies for the treatment of COPD. After reviewing the literature, extracting pertinent information, and evaluating the risk of bias for the included studies, statistical analysis was performed using Stata 15.1.

Results: Thirteen papers (12 in English and 1 in Chinese), representing 2527 patients, met the search criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the combined effect size of COPD patients making at least one operational error was 76% (95% CI: 0.69–0.83). The error rate varied with inhaler type; the combined effect size error for powered inhalers was 66% (95% CI: 0.57, 0.74), 67% (95% CI. 0.57, 0.77) for metered-dose inhalers (MDI), and 51% (95% CI: 0.38, 0.64) for soft mist inhalers (SMI).

Conclusions: More than 75% of patients with COPD were unable to consistently use inhalers correctly, with the highest error rate for MDI. Therefore, health care providers must continue to educate patients on proper use of inhaler, ensuring their correct use and reducing the risk of acute COPD exacerbations.
Clinical nursing visual health education pathway for patients with perianal abscess†
Authors: He Ye-Qi , Che Xu-Xia , Zhu En-Jie , Jin He-Ye , Bao Li-Chao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of a clinical nursing pathway and visual health education on patients with perianal abscesses was the objective of this study.

Methods: Eighty patients with perianal abscesses undergoing in-patient surgical treatment (blinded for review) between December 2019 and November 2020 were divided randomly and evenly into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received routine nursing care, and the experimental group received visual health education nursing care. Digital pain scores, patient satisfaction scores, nursing quality scores, and scores measuring knowledge of perianal abscess disease for the two groups before and after nursing care were compared and analyzed.

Results: The experimental group had visual analog scale (VAS) scores significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). For total nursing satisfaction, the experimental group demonstrated a higher satisfaction rate (P < 0.05). Clinical nursing quality scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The perianal abscess disease-related knowledge scores after intervention were significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group (P < 0.01).

Conclusions: Visual health education nursing can help patients better understand and deal with perianal abscess disease.
Instructors’ caring behaviors, burnout, satisfaction, and academic performance of nursing students in online education and the pandemic era
Authors: Oducado Ryan Michael F. , Amboy Mary Kristine Q. , Penuela Ayesha C. , Dela Rosa Ronnell D. , Fajardo Maria Teresa M. , Temelo Dolly Rose F. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the predictive ability of instructors’ online caring behaviors, online learning burnout, and satisfaction with online learning on nursing students’ academic performance.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study employing the administration of online self-report measures among 606 undergraduate students in one large nursing school in the Philippines. Statistical analysis involved the use of descriptive statistics, Pearson’s r, and linear regression.

Results: The mean scores in the instructors’ online caring behaviors scale, online learning burnout scale, online learning satisfaction scale, and self-reported academic performance were 3.88 ± 0.70, 4.00 ± 0.84, 2.51 ± 0.96, and 3.25 ± 0.79 respectively. Satisfaction (β = 0.216, P = 0.000), burnout (β = 0.-098, P = 0.019), and instructors’ caring behaviors (β = 0.096, P = 0.030) explained 11.7% of the variability in the students’ academic performance.

Conclusions: Instructors’ caring behavior and levels of burnout and satisfaction are linked to students’ academic success in the virtual learning environment. This study calls for nursing instructors to be mindful of signs of burnout, employ proactive measures that promote satisfactory learning, and foster more caring behaviors in this time of global health crisis.
Sustainable management in the time of uncertainty on the cruise shipping market
Authors: Kizielewicz Joanna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this article is to identify areas of uncertainty that may affect sustainable management in the cruise shipping market in Northern Europe and define the directions of sustainable management undertaken by the entities participating in this market.

Design/methodology/approach
Several research methods were used in the work, i.e., analysis of existing materials, desk research, exploratory method, and case studies. Comparative analysis and critical analysis were also carried out. A few research questions were also developed and are described in the methodology section.

Findings
The statements showed that cruise shipping companies have been strongly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the war with Russia, which also to some extent forced them to revise their priorities within sustainable management.

Practical implications
Examples of good practice on sustainable management may be an interesting cognitive source of knowledge, both for the representatives of seaports in coastal destinations, as well as for cruise shipping companies.

Social implications
The cruise shipowners’ awareness of the negative impact of cruise shipping development upon the quality of local communities’ life in coastal destinations is considered to be a key aspect of sustainable management.

Originality/value
The review of literature revealed a lack of publications regarding the issue of sustainable management in the cruise shipping market, particularly with a view to changing the approach to sustainable management in the context of the events faced by cruise lines and seaports around the world in recent years.
Indicator Candidate Traits for Autonomous Fruit Set Ability Under High Temperatures in Capsicum
Authors: Yamazaki Akira , Takezawa Ao , Nakano Ryohei , Nishimura Kazusa , Motoki Ko , Hosokawa Munetaka , Nakazaki Tetsuya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
“Autonomous fruit set” refers to self-pollination and fruit set without pollen vectors such as vibration or insects. Autonomous fruit set under high-temperature stress is an important breeding goal as climate change can reduce fruit yields in Capsicum. We screened Capsicum cultivars for autonomous fruit set ability in a greenhouse environment and investigated pollen germination, viability, pollen grains number, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), style length, anther cone length, and anthesis stage under high temperatures in order to identify indicator traits for screening more genotypes with autonomous fruit set ability. The fruit set of the ‘Takanotsume’ (57.7 ± 20.6%) and ‘Goshiki Kyokko’ (52.2 ± 14.2%) cultivars (both C. annuum) were higher than those of other cultivars. Correlation analysis showed that pollen germination had the highest correlation with fruit set in C. annuum cultivars (r = 0.63). These results indicate that ‘Takanotsume’ and ‘Goshiki Kyokko’ are useful cultivars for novel breeding programs focusing on autonomous fruit sets under high temperatures, and pollen germination in C. annuum was a convincing candidate for an indicator trait of autonomous fruit set ability under high temperatures.