bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building resilient heart center teams
Authors: Cohen Mitchell I. , St. Louis James , Fazio Joanna 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to move beyond measures to improve individual resilience but to focus on measures to achieve better team resilience.

Recent findings
The COVID pandemic, shortages of heath care workers, and subsequent viral resurgence in 2022 placed tremendous stress on pediatric healthcare systems. Much has been written about individual wellness, mindfulness, and strategies to be a more resilient individual. However, little has been written on the importance of team resilience. Resilient teams work together to overcome daily stressors and challenges. Although leaders must create and foster a collaborative culture to establish cohesive and resilient teams; it also requires tremendous institutional support. Four key factors have emerged with regards to successful team resilience: candor, humility, resourcefulness, and compassion and empathy. This article discusses the key elements required for resilient teams to not only survive but also to thrive.

Summary
Effective heart centers, like the symphony, are a collection of individuals all coming together to care for a child or create a singular piece of music. Heart centers without effective leaders will most certainly fail, but even with the most accomplished and passionate leaders, there must be administrative institutional support and a shared vision.
Breastfeeding Characteristics and Duration of Feeding Human Milk in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Russel Sarah M. , Lessen Rachelle , Rovner Alisha J. , Delahanty Michelle , Hollowell Chelsea , Trabulsi Jillian C. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Although infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) are able to breastfeed successfully, the factors that affect feeding human milk across the first year are not well established.

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to examine breastfeeding characteristics and their relationships to the exclusivity and duration of feeding human milk among infants with CHD.

Methods:
Breastfeeding characteristics data from a cohort of 75 infants with CHD enrolled in a study that examined relationships among milk type and infant growth in the first year of life were analyzed.

Results:
Infants whose mothers reported not having enough milk were exclusively fed human milk for a shorter duration than those who did not have this challenge (P = .04); however, the duration of feeding any human milk did not differ (P = .18). Average daily volume expressed at 1 month was positively related to the duration of exclusive human milk (β = .07, P = .04) and any human milk (β = .07, P = .04) feeding.

Conclusions:
Future efforts to support feeding human milk in infants with CHD should emphasize practices that support maximal human milk production.
Role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor in hormone-induced venous thromboembolism
Authors: Arafat Amina , Gennari Paolo , Ignatov Atanas , Tchaikovski Svetlana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Exposure to higher levels of steroid hormones, like that in pregnancy or during combined hormonal contraception, increases the risk of venous thromboembolism. Development of resistance to activated protein C (APC) thought to be the underlying pathomechanism of this prothrombotic state. This coagulation phenomena is largely to be explained by the hormone-induced impairment of the protein S/ tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) leading to a less efficient inactivation of factor Va and factor VIIIa by APC. APC resistance and decreased protein S/TFPI function were associated with the risk of first as well as recurrent venous thromboembolism. Preexisting disturbances in these pathways are likely to predispose to thrombosis during hormone exposure and can persist over years after the thrombosis event.
Further studies are necessary to investigate the predictive value of forgoing APC resistance and decreased protein S/TFPI function or an excessive alteration in these parameters during hormone intake on the development of hormone-induced venous thromboembolism.
Development of a risk score to predict portal vein tumor thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tortora Raffaella , Farella Nunzia , Morisco Filomena , Coppola Carmine , Izzo Francesco , Salomone Megna Angelo , Federico Alessandro , Messina Vincenzo , Nardone Gerardo , Piai Guido , Ragone Enrico , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , D’Adamo Giuseppe , Stanzione Maria , Francica Giampiero , Torre Pietro , De Girolamo Vincenzo , Coppola Nicola , Guarino Maria , Dallio Marcello , Rocco Lucia , Di Costanzo Giovan Giuseppe ,   for the Progetto Epatocarcinoma Campania Group
Published: April 2023

Background
Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is a common complication of hepatocellular carcinoma and is one of the most negative prognostic factors. The management of patients with PVTT is challenging. The aim of the study was to develop a score predictive of tumor thrombosis.

Methods
Data from a large cohort of 2243 hepatocellular carcinoma patients (all stages) recorded in the Progetto Epatocarcinoma Campania (January 2013–April 2021) database were analyzed. To construct the score, univariate generalized estimated equation models, the bootstrap approach for internal validation, and a regression coefficient-based scoring system were used.

Results
PVTT (any location) was found in 14.4% of cases and was related to shorter survival. Males, younger patients, and symptomatic cases were more prevalent among the PVTT group. At multivariate analysis, size ≥5 cm, massive or infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma growth, and alpha-fetoprotein ≥400 ng/mL were significantly associated with PVTT. A risk prediction score of PVTT based on eight variables was developed. Using a continuous score, the risk was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.30 (1.27–1.34; P < 0.001). Considering a dichotomous score >8 versus a score ≤8 the OR for PVTT was 11.33 (8.55–15.00; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The risk score for PVTT might be useful for clinicians to optimize hepatocellular carcinoma management by picking out patients with more aggressive cancers and higher mortality rates. Prospective validation of the score is needed before its application in daily clinical practice.
Exercise habits that include exercise partners and irritable bowel syndrome in a young Japanese population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yamamoto Yasunori , Furukawa Shinya , Miyake Teruki , Watanabe Junichi , Kato Aki , Kusumoto Katsunori , Takeshita Eiji , Ikeda Yoshio , Yamamoto Naofumi , Saeki Yuka , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: April 2023

Objective
Evidence regarding the association between exercise habits and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains scarce in a young population. It is also unknown whether the existence of an exercise partner affects this issue. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between exercise habits that include an exercise partner and IBS in a young Japanese population.

Methods
This study enrolled 8923 Japanese university students and examined exercise frequency and intensity, and exercise partners using self-administered questionnaires. IBS and functional dyspepsia were defined according to the Rome III criteria.

Results
The prevalence of IBS in this survey was 6.5%. Moderate frequency exercise was inversely related with IBS [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.65 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.51–0.83), P for trend = 0.005]. Moderate and high exercise intensities were independently and inversely related with IBS, respectively [aORs were moderate: 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61–0.95) and high: 0.62 (95% CI: 0.48–0.78), P for trend = 0.001]. Exercising with a group or with friends instead of alone was independently inversely related with IBS [aOR with groups: 0.53 (95% CI: 0.40–0.70) and with friends: aOR 0.71 (95% CI: 0.54–0.93)]. After excluding subjects with overlapping IBS and functional dyspepsia, an inverse association between high intensity of exercise or exercise in a group and IBS remained significant.

Conclusion
The frequency and intensity of exercise may be independently inversely related with IBS in a young Japanese population. Also, exercise with others may be important for preventing IBS.
A novel prognostic index for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma combined baseline metabolic tumour volume with clinical and pathological risk factors
Authors: Yuan Tingting , Chen Xuetao , Zhang Yuewei , Wei Maomao , Zhu Hua , Yang Zhi , Wang Xuejuan 
Published: April 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to develop a novel prognostic index integrating baseline metabolic tumour volume (MTV) along with clinical and pathological parameters for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods
This prospective trial enrolled 289 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL. The predictive value of novel prognostic index was compared with Ann Arbor staging and National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI). We used the concordance index (C-index) and a calibration curve to determine its predictive capacity.

Results
Multivariate analysis revealed high MTV (>191 cm3), Ann Arbor stage (III–IV) and MYC/BCL2 double expression lymphoma (DEL) to be independently associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Ann Arbor stage and DEL could be stratified by MTV. Our index, combining MTV with Ann Arbor stage and DEL status, identified four prognostic groups: group 1 (no risk factors,), group 2 (one risk factor), group 3 (two risk factors), and group 4 (three risk factors). The 2-year PFS rates were 85.5, 73.9, 53.6, and 13.9%; 2-year OS rates were 94.6, 87.0, 67.5, and 24.2%, respectively. The C-index values of the novel index were 0.697 and 0.753 for PFS and OS prediction, which was superior to Ann Arbor stage and NCCN-IPI.

Conclusion
The novel index including tumour burden and clinicopathological features may help predict outcome of DLBCL (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02928861).
Superior sensibility after full breast reconstruction with autologous fat transfer
Authors: Wederfoort Jamilla L.M. , Schop Sander , van der Broeck Lotte C. A. , Hommes Juliette E. , van Kuijk Sander M.J. , Timmermans Floyd , Smit Jan Maerten , Heuts Esther M. , de Wit Thijs , van der Hulst René R.W.J. , Piatkowski Andrzej A. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
With developments in screening and treatment, survival rates of breast cancer patients are increasing and so is the number of women opting for breast reconstruction to improve their quality of life (QoL). One factor that could play an important role in improving the QoL, is breast sensibility. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore breast sensibility in participants of the BREAST-trial: an ongoing randomized controlled trial comparing breast reconstruction with autologous fat transfer (AFT) versus implant-based reconstruction (IBR).

Methods:
This study was conducted on participants of the BREAST-trial who were at least 12 months after final surgery. The Semmes Weinstein monofilaments were used to measure skin sensibility in breast cancer patients who received either a breast reconstruction with AFT or IBR following their mastectomy.

Results:
A total of 46 patients were included in this study, resulting in 62 breast reconstructions (28 AFT breasts and 34 IBR). Significantly higher mean monofilament values were found for skin sensibility after AFT (-0.7; p<0.001), clinically correlating to ‘diminished protective function’, as opposed to the IBR group with clinical values indicating ‘loss of protective function’.

Conclusion:
In this study we found breast cancer patients who underwent a mastectomy had a significantly better sensibility of the breast following AFT for total breast reconstruction as compared to IBR. Larger scaled studies including null measurements are required to further explore these noteworthy results of AFT.
Thematic and Demographic Analysis of Crowdsourcing Practices for Plastic Surgery
Authors: Mark Erica J. , Nguyen Joseph D. , Choudhary Fatima S. , Primas Madisyn A. , Mark Ethan J. , DeGeorge Brent R. 
Published: April 2023

Background
In this study, we investigate the characterization of medical crowdsourcing on GoFundMe for plastic surgery procedures, with overall funds raised being the primary end point.

Hypothesis
Certain demographic factors such as sex and race mentioned in campaign narratives are associated with the effectiveness of medical crowdfunding campaigns.

Methods
Search terms were used to aggregate fundraising campaigns for plastic surgery medical procedures on GoFundMe. These studies were then stratified by demographics based on campaign text or author consensus, and were further subdivided into categories based on procedure type.

Results
Men were found to have higher median shares than women—raising an average of $609 more than female counterparts (P < 0.05). Fundraising for themes such as lack of insurance, travel costs, lifesaving treatment, and end-of-life expenses were more successful than the theme of psychosocial effects of disease or social impairment. In addition, those that included a smiling picture of the recipient and those created by a friend/relative raised more funds. Although no significant difference was found in fundraising between demographics based on race, a majority (72.8%) of campaigners were White. Across ~2000 plastic surgery campaigns, a total of $10,186,687 were raised from these data.

Conclusions
We identified both modifiable and nonmodifiable factors that influence success. These successful campaigns can serve as a learning opportunity for many who have been marginalized by the medical and pharmaceutical industry, and they demonstrate a promising area for demographic studies.
Baseline Ethical Principles and a Framework for Evaluation of Policies: Recommendations From an International Consensus Forum
Authors: Gardiner Dale , McGee Andrew , Simpson Christy , Ahn Curie , Goldberg Aviva , Kinsella Austin , Nagral Sanjay , Weiss Matthew J. 
Published: April 2023

Background.
To maintain public trust and integrity in organ and tissue donation and transplantation (OTDT), policymakers, governments, clinical leaders, and decision-makers must ensure that policies proposed to increase donation and transplant activity satisfy baseline ethical principles established by international agreement, declaration, and resolution. This article describes the output of the Baseline Ethical Domain group of an international forum designed to guide stakeholders in considering these aspects of their system.

Methods.
This Forum was initiated by Transplant Québec and co-hosted by the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Program partnered with multiple national and international donation and transplantation organizations. The domain working group members included administrative, clinical, and academic experts in deceased and living donation ethics and 2 Patient, Family, and Donor partners. Identification of internationally accepted baseline ethical principles was done after literature reviews performed by working group members, and a framework for consideration of existing or novel policies was completed over a series of virtual meetings from March to September 2021. Consensus on the framework was achieved by applying the nominal group technique.

Recommendations.
We used the 30 baseline ethical principles described in World Health Organization Guiding Principles, Declaration of Istanbul, and Barcelona Principles to generate an ethical framework—presented graphically as a spiral series of considerations—designed to assist decision makers in incorporating these ethical principles into practice and policy. We did not seek to determine what is ethical but instead described a method of evaluation for policy decisions.

Conclusions.
The proposed framework could be applied to new or existing OTDT policy decisions to facilitate the transformation of widely accepted ethical principles into practical evaluations. The framework includes adaptation for local contexts and could be applied broadly internationally.
Morphine exposure during adolescence induces enduring social changes dependent on adolescent stage of exposure, sex, and social test
Authors: King’uyu David N. , Edgar Erin L. , Figueroa Christopher , Kirkland J.M. , Kopec Ashley M. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTDrug exposure during adolescence, when the ‘reward’ circuitry of the brain is developing, can permanently impact reward-related behavior. Epidemiological studies show that opioid treatment during adolescence, such as pain management for a dental procedure or surgery, increases the incidence of psychiatric illness including substance use disorders. Moreover, the opioid epidemic currently in the United States is affecting younger individuals raising the impetus to understand the pathogenesis of the negative effects of opioids. One reward-related behavior that develops during adolescence is social behavior. We previously demonstrated that social development occurs in rats during sex-specific adolescent periods: early to mid-adolescence in males (postnatal day (P)30-40) and pre-early adolescence in females (P20-30). We thus hypothesized that morphine exposure during the female critical period would result in adult sociability deficits in females, but not males, and morphine administered during the male critical period would result in adult sociability deficits in males, but not females. We found that morphine exposure during the female critical period primarily resulted in deficits in sociability in females, while morphine exposure during the male critical period primarily resulted in deficits in sociability primarily in males. However, depending on the test performed and the social parameter measured, social alterations could be found in both sexes that received morphine exposure at either adolescent stage. These data indicate that when drug exposure occurs during adolescence, and how the endpoint data are measured, will play a large role in determining the effects of drug exposures on social development.
spotter: A single-nucleotide resolution stochastic simulation model of supercoiling-mediated transcription and translation in prokaryotes
Authors: Hacker William C. , Elcock Adrian H. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTStochastic simulation models have played an important role in efforts to understand the mechanistic basis of prokaryotic transcription and translation. Despite the fundamental linkage of these processes in bacterial cells, however, most simulation models have been limited to representations of either transcriptionortranslation. In addition, the available simulation models typically either attempt to recapitulate data from single-molecule experiments without considering cellular-scale high-throughput sequencing data or, conversely, seek to reproduce cellular-scale data without paying close attention to many of the mechanistic details. To address these limitations, we here presentspotter(Simulation of Prokaryotic Operon Transcription & Translation Elongation Reactions), a flexible, user-friendly simulation model that offers highly-detailed combined representations of prokaryotic transcription, translation, and DNA supercoiling. In incorporating nascent transcript and ribosomal profiling sequencing data,spotterprovides a critical bridge between data collected in single-molecule experiments and data collected at the cellular scale. Importantly, in addition to rapidly generating output that can be aggregated for comparison with next-generation sequencing and proteomics data,spotterproduces residue-level positional information that can be used to visualize individual simulation trajectories in detail. We anticipate thatspotterwill be a useful tool in exploring the interplay of processes that are crucially linked in prokaryotes.
WNT2B Deficiency Causes Increased Susceptibility to Colitis in Mice and Impairs Intestinal Epithelial Development in Humans
Authors: O’Connell Amy E. , Raveenthiraraj Sathuwarman , Adegboye Comfort , Qi Wanshu , Khetani Radhika S. , Singh Akaljot , Sundaram Nambirajam , Emeonye Chidera , Lin Jasmine , Goldsmith Jeffrey D. , Thiagarajah Jay R. , Carlone Diana L. , Turner Jerrold R. , Agrawal Pankaj B. , Helmrath Michael , Breault David T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsWNT2B is a canonical Wnt ligand previously thought to be fully redundant with other Wnts in the intestinal epithelium. However, humans with WNT2B deficiency have severe intestinal disease, highlighting a critical role for WNT2B. We sought to understand how WNT2B contributes to intestinal homeostasis.MethodsWe investigated the intestinal health ofWnt2bknock out (KO) mice. We assessed the impact of inflammatory challenge to the small intestine, using anti-CD3χ antibody, and to the colon, using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). In addition, we generated human intestinal organoids (HIOs) from WNT2B-deficient human iPSCs for transcriptional and histological analyses.ResultsMice with WNT2B deficiency had significantly decreasedLgr5expression in the small intestine and profoundly decreased expression in the colon, but normal baseline histology. The small intestinal response to anti-CD3χ antibody was similar inWnt2bKO and wild type (WT) mice. In contrast, the colonic response to DSS inWnt2bKO mice showed an accelerated rate of injury, featuring earlier immune cell infiltration and loss of differentiated epithelium compared to WT. WNT2B-deficient HIOs showed abnormal epithelial organization and an increased mesenchymal gene signature.ConclusionWNT2B contributes to maintenance of the intestinal stem cell pool in mice and humans. WNT2B deficient mice, which do not have a developmental phenotype, show increased susceptibility to colonic injury but not small intestinal injury, potentially due to a higher reliance on WNT2B in the colon compared to the small intestine.WNT2B deficiency causes a developmental phenotype in human intestine with HIOs showing a decrease in their mesenchymal component and WNT2B-deficient patients showing epithelial disorganization.Data Transparency StatementAll RNA-Seq data will be available through online repository as indicated in Transcript profiling. Any other data will be made available upon request by emailing the study authors.
A new causal centrality measure reveals the prominent role of subcortical structures in the causal architecture of the extended default mode network
Authors: Zarghami Tahereh S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNetwork representation has been a groundbreaking concept for understanding the behavior of complex systems in social sciences, biology, neuroscience, and beyond. Network science is mathematically founded on graph theory, where nodal importance is gauged using measures ofcentrality. Notably, recent work suggests that the topological centrality of a node should not be over-interpreted as its dynamical or causal importance in the network. Hence, identifying the influential nodes in dynamic causal models (DCM) remains an open question. This paper introducescausal centralityfor DCM, a dynamics-sensitive and causally-founded centrality measure based on the notion ofinterventionin graphical models. Operationally, this measure simplifies to an identifiable expression using Bayesian model reduction. As a proof of concept, the average DCM of the extended default mode network (eDMN) was computed in 74 healthy subjects. Next, causal centralities of different regions were computed for this causal graph, and compared against major graph-theoretical centralities. The results showed that thesubcorticalstructures of the eDMN are more causally central than thecorticalregions, even though the (dynamics-free) graph-theoretical centralities unanimously favor the latter. Importantly, model comparison revealed that only the pattern of causal centrality wascausally relevant. These results are consistent with the crucial role of the subcortical structures in the neuromodulatory systems of the brain, and highlight their contribution to the organization of large-scale networks. Potential applications of causal centrality - to study other neurotypical and pathological functional networks – are discussed, and some future lines of research are outlined.