bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of the Vitis amurensis Ca2+‐binding protein gene VamCP1 in Arabidopsis thaliana and grapevine improves cold tolerance
Authors: Ding Fang , Pan Yang , Ma Jiahui , Yang Shijin , Hao Xinyi , Xu Weirong , Zhang Xiuming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCalcium ions (Ca2+) are important second messengers and are known to participate in cold signal transduction. In the current study, we characterized a Ca2+‐binding protein gene, VamCP1, from the extremely cold‐tolerant grape species Vitis amurensis. VamCP1 expression varied among organs but was highest in leaves following cold treatment, peaking 24 h after treatment onset. VamCP1 was found to localize to the plasma membrane and nucleus and the gene showed transcriptional autoactivation activity. Overexpression of VamCP1 in Arabidopsis thaliana and grapevine (V. vinifera) resulted in transgenic plants that were more tolerant to cold stress than the wild type. This correlated with reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline content, as well as lower levels of malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage. Additionally, the expression of genes related to cold tolerance, including C‐repeat binding factors (CBF) and cold‐regulated (COR) genes, was higher in the transgenic lines. Taken together, our results indicate that overexpression of VamCP1 enhanced cold tolerance in plants by promoting the upregulation of genes related to cold tolerance and scavenging of excessive ROS. These findings provide a foundation for the molecular breeding of cold‐tolerant grapevine.
Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses Reveal no Gender Difference in Neonatal Social Perception
Authors: Karson Lindsay , Minhas Hersimren , Dhesi Manraj , Davies Jeffrey , Patel Julie , Eliot Lise 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWomen score higher than men on measures of social cognition such as empathy and reading non‐verbal cues. How early does this gender difference emerge? Systematic review and meta‐analyses were used to assess gender difference in social perception within 1 month of birth. A total of 31 studies (40 experiments) reported on gender effects in 1936 neonates (50% girls) between 1968 and 2021. No significant difference (Hedges’ g = 0.076, p = 0.321) was found across 20 experiments measuring visual fixation on human faces. Nine experiments on neonatal imitative crying also revealed no gender difference (g = 0.157, p = 0.118). Seven studies using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale found no gender difference in total orientation (g = 0.161, p = 0.154), but girls oriented more to both animate (g = 0.279, p = 0.011) and inanimate (g = 0.242, p = 0.003) stimuli in the studies that analyzed these separately. Existing evidence supports a possible maturational difference but not a specific social advantage for girls at birth. While more research and better reporting are needed, the present findings challenge the claim that girls are innately more socially perceptive than boys.
Improving Neural Machine Translation in the Field of Electrical Engineering by Using Sentence Backbone Information
Authors: Teng Bingtao , Chen Yuan , Zhang Juwei 
Published: January 2025

Due to the limited availability of corpora in the field of Electrical Engineering and the presence of numerous specialized terms, neural machine translation (NMT) performs poorly in translating the sentence backbone information when it is applied to corpora in the field of Electrical Engineering. In response to this issue, a method to improve NMT by using the sentence backbone information is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, the source language sentences are used as the input of the Sentence Backbone Information Extraction Model to obtain the sentence backbone information, and then the sentence backbone information are incorporated as an auxiliary during the training process of the NMT model. Furthermore, a module called the Sentence Backbone Information Enhancement Module is introduced. It utilizes the dependency parse trees of the source language sentences to generate the sentence backbone mask matrices. These matrices are then applied to the encoder to force the NMT model to pay more attention to the backbones of sentences. On the English-Chinese parallel corpus in the field of Electrical Engineering, the proposed method in this paper outperforms the Transformer baseline translation model by 1.25 BLEU points. And it outperforms the baseline model in both METEOR and ROUGE-L evaluation metrics. It indicates that the proposed method in this paper can effectively improve translation performance.
Etnografia urbana co-implicada no contexto português
Authors: Cachado Rita 
Published: January 2025

Urban Dynamics has been studied by researchers from social sciences. Often, they choose an ethnographic approach as a way of describing and analyzing the diversity of urban practices. Among classical topics, migration, poverty, housing, these topics have never stopped from being key research questions for those who do research about the cities.
Resulting from a work centered in collecting and analyzing professional trajectories of urban ethnographers in Portugal, this article is focused on one of the aspects that became clear from those trajectories – the fact that these researchers are somehow activists in their area of studies. Sometimes this is a strong feature in their professional lives, while for others, it is a subjective feature. This situation is evident in the context of Brazil and South America from ages, but in the Portuguese context, which is in straight connection with Urban Anthropology in Brazil, co-implication seems to be more recent.
Abstract 083: Comparison of Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants for Secondary Stroke Prevention in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Shakir M. , Ahmed M. , Khan S. , Irshad H. Atif , Salman R. , Ali E. Abid , Qureshi A. I. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Ischemic stroke patients with underlying cancer remain at high risk for subsequent stroke but the appropriate choice for secondary stroke prevention is not known.

Objective
To compare the efficacy and safety of antiplatelets and anticoagulants for secondary stroke prevention ischemic stroke patients with underlying cancer.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of the literature using MEDLINE (via PubMed), the Cochrane Library, and Scopus, and included all relevant studies published from inception to June 2024. Articles were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria, and relevant studies were assessed for quality using the validated Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random effect model (meta package in R (version 4.1.2, R Foundation for Statistical Computing).

Results
A total of 8 studies were included in the final analysis with cumulative sample size of 4,588 participants: 2,203 (48%) in the antiplatelet group and 2,128 (46%) in the anticoagulant group. The mean age of the patients was 69.44 ± 10.02 years, with 59.7% were male and 93.6% had solid tumors. A pool analysis of three studies showed a 13 % of overall complication rate for anti‐platelet therapy (95% CI: 5‐35%, P<0.01). Anti‐coagulant therapy had a 8% of overall complication rate across three studies (95% CI: 2‐22%, P<0.01). No significant difference in overall complication odds was found between the therapies (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.34‐2.01, p = 0.26). Anti‐platelet therapy showed a trend towards lower recurrent stroke odds (OR = 0.6441, p = 0.2203). Gastrointestinal bleeding odds were higher with anti‐platelets (OR = 1.7425, p = 0.6367), and ICH odds were lower (OR = 0.7238, p = 0.2367). Major bleeding odds showed no significant difference (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.36‐1.22, p = 0.35), but anti‐platelets significantly reduced death odds (OR = 0.7203, 95% CI 0.54‐0.95, p = 0.022).

Conclusion
There were no differences in the rates of recurrent ischemic stroke or hemorrhagic events in ischemic stroke patients with underlying cancer treated with antiplatelets or anticoagulants. There was lower mortality observed in patients treated with antiplatelets.
Abstract 092: Efficacy and Safety of Transcarotid Approach for Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Study with Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ezzeldin M. , Soliman Y. , Hukamdad M. , Ezzeldin R. , Tatapudi S. V. , Bushnaq S. , Hassaballa H. , Zwein M. , Jaikumar V. , Lim J. , Dolia J. N. , Martins P. N. , Haussen D. C. , Grossberg J. A. , Pabaney A. A. , Jumaa M. A. , Alhajala H. , Siddiqui A. H. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Anatomical or technical challenges in certain patients during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) can render recanalization through distal access sites impossible. The transcarotid approach is a valuable rescue technique. Despite its potential, this approach is infrequently employed in clinical practice due to concerns about serious complications or operator unfamiliarity. As a result, the safety and efficacy of the transcarotid approach in MT remain insufficiently characterized.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter two‐arm case series comparing cases of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO) that were managed with MT via the transcarotid approach to medical management alone after failed MT. We included our results in a systematic review and single‐arm meta‐analysis of the literature investigating the transcarotid approach for MT by pooling our cases with data from existing literature. The pooled data were reported as proportions or means with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subsequently, we performed logistic and linear regressions using individual patient data from all studies to identify predictors of outcomes such as mortality and complications.

Results
Nine studies were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. MT with the transcarotid approach had a 31% complication rate (95% CI 0.23; 0.40), 37% mortality rate at 90 days (95% CI 0.27; 0.49), and 86% reperfusion rate (95% CI 0.79; 0.91). 38% of cases had mRS 0‐3 at 90 days (95% CI 0.23; 0.56). Factors predicting complications were tPA use (OR 3.35, 95% CI 1.37; 8.24). Factors predicting mortality at 90 days were higher age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01; 1.09), higher NIHSS at presentation (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01; 1.19) lower ASPECTS score (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.47; 0.98), and higher mRS at discharge (OR 28, 95% CI 3.72; 211.3). Recanalization was associated with lower odds of mortality at 90 days (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.08; 0.95).

Conclusion
MT using the transcarotid approach is an effective rescue strategy for recanalization in the setting of failed femoral and radial access, with promising complication and mortality rates and excellent reperfusion rate. The proportion of transcarotid cases achieving mRS 0‐3 at 90 days is comparable to the outcomes reported for traditional femoral access.
Abstract 109: Impact of Hospital Readmission Site on Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Wu M. , Shu L. , Mawad M. , Nguyen T. , Siegler J. , Luo A. , Guo X. , Strelecky L. , Yaghi S. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) significantly improves outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. While MT has been widely adopted, there is limited understanding of how the site of hospital readmission after MT influences patient outcomes. Specifically, it remains unclear whether readmission to the original hospital where MT was performed (the “index hospital”) offers advantages over readmission to a different hospital (“non‐index hospital”). Addressing this gap is crucial for optimizing post‐MT care and improving long‐term outcomes for stroke patients.

Method
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using data from the Nationwide Readmissions Database, focusing on acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent MT between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable Cox regression and Fine and Gray competing risks models were used to assess the impact of readmission site on patient outcomes, including mortality and the likelihood of discharge to home. Interaction and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the influence of previous discharge status, readmission hospital size and MT volume, and readmission diagnosis on these outcomes.

Result
The analysis included 18,330 patients readmitted within 90 days post‐MT, with 63.7% readmitted to index hospitals and 36.3% to non‐index hospitals. Readmission to the index hospital was not significantly associated with reduced mortality (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.86‐1.29, p = 0.619) but was linked to a higher likelihood of discharge to home (Subdistributed HR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.16‐1.36, p < 0.001). The effect of index hospital readmission on home discharge was significantly influenced by the MT volume of the readmission hospital (p = 0.023 for interaction). Subgroup analysis indicated that patients readmitted with cerebrovascular disease diagnoses had a non‐significant likelihood of home discharge when readmitted to the index hospital (SHR = 1.24, 95% CI 0.98‐1.58, p = 0.774), and those with infectious disease diagnoses also did not experience a significantly improved likelihood of home discharge (SHR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.66‐1.37, p = 0.130).

Conclusion
This nationwide analysis suggests that for acute ischemic stroke patients treated with MT, readmission to non‐index hospitals within 90 days is associated with less favorable outcomes, particularly for those readmitted with non‐cerebrovascular and non‐infectious conditions. These findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to address the disparities in outcomes related to readmission site, potentially informing future improvements in post‐MT care pathways. Further research is warranted to better understand the underlying causes of these disparities and to enhance continuity of care for this vulnerable patient population.
Abstract 143: Social cognition impairments in patients with isolated cerebellar stroke
Authors: Pertiwi D. Mengku , Bajrami A. , Adamis C. , Akbas Y. , Gumus I. , Senadim S. , Demirtas‐Tatlidede A. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Purpose
Recent studies point to an important role for the cerebellum in nonmotor functions, primarily including higher cognitive functions and affect. However, the available evidence on the cerebellar contribution to social cognitive faculties are currently sparse and the exact role of the cerebellum in social cognition is yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the impairments in social cognition in a group of patients who suffered from isolated cerebellar stroke. We hypothesized that patients in earlier stages of their stroke and patients with posterior cerebellar lesions would be more affected in the social cognition domain than the rest of the group.

Materials/Methods
We tested 30 patients with isolated ischemic cerebellar stroke and 30 age, sex‐ and education‐matched healthy controls. Patients were classified according to the duration after stroke (acute, subacute and chronic) as well as the location of the cerebellar lesion. A cognitive battery primarily focusing on social cognition was performed and included Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, Penn CNB Emotion Recognition Test, Faux Pas test, Tromso Social Intelligent Scale, The Social‐Emotional Expertise Scale and Geriatric Depression Scale. A thorough neurological examination was performed and Brief Ataxia Rating Scale was administered to assess ataxia symptoms specifically. The results were analyzed according to the timeline of ischemic insult and location of the lesions (e.g. anterior cerebellum, posterior cerebellum, right and left cerebellar hemispheres).

Results
Our results revealed a significant difference for the Penn Emotion Recognition Test pointing to significantly reduced anger recognition in the cerebellar stroke group compared to the healthy controls (p<0.05). The Faux‐Pas test revealed a significant impairment confined to the affective theory of mind section of the test (p<0.05). Data from the Reading the mind in the Eyes test did not reveal statistical significance between the cerebellar stroke and control groups (p>0.05). However, when analyzed for subgroups, the performance score was significantly lower in patients with left posterior cerebellar stroke (p=0.015). The scales and the MOCA test did not show significant differences among the patients and the healthy controls (p>0.05).

Conclusion
Our findings provide critical information regarding the cerebellar contributions on the social cognition network and expands the available evidence regarding the impairment in the social cognition following cerebellar stroke. Further research comprising more patients and detailed neuroimaging data will be able to illuminate the details of social cognition after cerebellar insult.
Abstract 146: Symptomatic Basilar Stenosis Presenting as Focal Tonic Posturing and Wrong Way Eyes
Authors: Eldeiry A. , Taylor A. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
A common encounter for the Vascular Neurologist assessing emergent neurological complaints is recognition of stroke mimics and stroke chameleons. Unlike mimics, stroke chameleons are presentations that masquerade as an alternative neurological entity when they are truly ischemic in nature. We present a rare case of bilateral pontine infarcts masquerading as a presumptive focal tonic seizure with gaze deviation in a patient with transient decorticate posturing and wrong way eyes secondary to symptomatic basilar stenosis.

Materials/Methods
Case Report

Results
We report a case of a 77‐year‐old gentleman with a medical history of coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, prior liver transplant, and B‐cell lymphoma in remission who was recently discharged from an outside facility after an episode of right‐sided hemiparesis in the context of several months of kaleidoscopic‐like vision changes where electroencephalogram (EEG) showed left temporal sharp waves. Patient subsequently presented to our emergency department (ED) with fluctuating onset of alternating laterality of facial paralysis over several days and eventually left‐sided hemiparesis. On admission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed no evidence of ischemic stroke. While in the ED, the patient had a two‐minute episode of tonic flexion contraction of the left upper extremity, leftward gaze, and intact awareness, with cessation after 2 milligrams of intravenous (IV) lorazepam. He was subsequently loaded with IV lacosamide with suspicion for focal motor seizure resulting in a post‐ictal Todd's paralysis. Follow‐up vessel imaging subsequently showed a severely stenotic basilar artery with intraluminal thrombus, raising concern of brainstem hypoperfusion. EEG the following morning was normal. On day 3, given clinical concern persisted, repeat MRI Brain revealed bilateral pontine infarcts. The patient was treated with IV heparin and blood pressure support. He was ultimately discharged ambulatory with a walker with mild facial palsy.

Conclusion
With much attention placed on stroke mimics in clinical practice, stroke chameleons require a high index of suspicion for the prompt identification of patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. Brainstem ischemia warrants close attention, with decorticate posturing presenting similarly to a focal tonic motor seizure and a paramedian pontine reticular formation lesion presenting with wrong way eyes (i.e. gaze deviation towards the affected limb), exhibiting high potential for misdiagnosis. This case highlights the complexities of brainstem anatomy, places focus on the variability of the presenting features of stroke and underscores the caliber clinical suspicion carries in patients with MRI‐negative strokes.
Abstract 183: Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment in India: Barriers to Access
Authors: Yavagal R. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in India. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a highly effective new standard of care for large vesselocclusion AIS. However, less than 1.4% of all stroke patients in India are able to receive this treatment inthe appropriate treatment window because of multiple barriers according to the MT GLASS study (Asif etal.,2023) conducted by SVIN_Mission Thrombectomy. In this study, we aim to analyze the barriers toacute stroke treatment, including MT, in India.

Methodology
From April 2024 to July 2024, we conducted an electronic survey of Indian neurologistsin 9/28 states of India, representing all 5 India Mission Thrombectomy Regional committees, regardingthe most common barriers to local access to acute stroke therapies including MT. Following the survey,we also interviewed 3 of the neurologists with a scripted questionnaire inquiring about access to acutestroke therapies in their regions. We did a statistical analysis of the survey responses using descriptivestatistics.

Results
We received 14/32 (43.8%) survey responses which included representation from all nine states.The top barriers to stroke treatment per the respondents included a lack of patient awareness of strokesymptoms, financial barriers, and patients’ inability to reach the hospital in time. 9/14 (64.9%) of therespondents had under 20 stroke centers in their state with 8/14 (57.14%) reporting 100‐500 averageannual stroke cases per center. Though MT is available in 85.47% of stakeholders’ regions, 92.86%record that patients do not arrive in time for treatment. Overall, 50% of stakeholders reported that patientsare not able to identify BE FAST. According to neurologists from Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, 100%of patients are not able to recognize basic stroke symptoms (BE FAST). Additionally, the cost oftreatment leads many patients to forgo care. According to the survey results, the average cost of stroketreatment is 488,636 rupees ($5823.40), with the average monthly salary being less than 20,000 rupees($238.15) in Rajasthan, West Bengal, and Karnataka ($238.31) (Forbes, 2024). While health insurance inIndia may cover the cost and care of treatment depending on the policy, 92.9% of stakeholders recordedthat patients refuse treatment because of the cost. 100% of respondents reported extremely poorinfrastructure and access to acute stroke care in rural areas as compared to urban areas.

Conclusion
The prevalence of stroke cases in India underscores the urgency of addressing barriers totreatment. Lack of patient education, treatment cost, and geographical discrepancies act as obstacles totreatment, compromising patients’ health.