bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disinfection of Mould-contaminated Archival Material by X-ray Irradiation – New Research Results on the Effect on Moulds and Cellulose
Authors: Palmbach Cornelius , Dobrusskin Sebastian , Jacot-Guillarmod Mathieu , Raymann Olivia , Buder Andreas , Hartmann Hans , Voser Guido , Mordasini Voser Barbara , Mordasini Gianclaudio , Amberg Caroline 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This research project examines the effects of X-rays on cellulose and some moulds frequently found on paper. The aim was to identify applications for X-ray irradiation that can be used as a disinfection method for archival material. The question was if X-rays are suitable as an alternative to gamma radiation and if they are less harmful. For this purpose, the minimum X-ray dose required to reduce the microbial count to a harmless level was determined. The material-altering effect was examined on samples treated with X-rays and gamma radiation. Spectrophotometric measurements showed that there is no noticeable colour change with either type of radiation. The determination of the molecular weight distribution, in turn, showed that the molar mass of the cellulose is considerably reduced with both treatment methods. Using mechanical tests, however, it could be demonstrated that this has no significant influence on the tensile strength. The examination of the oxidation behaviour also showed no significant difference between the differently treated samples. The studies demonstrated that both methods have an almost identical effect on cellulose. Thus, X-ray treatment is primarily a supplement to the known disinfection methods and is particularly suitable for objects that would not withstand treatment with alcohol.
Analysis of heterogeneous duopoly game with information asymmetry based on extrapolative mechanism
Authors: Yuan Jing , Zhu Jianjun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Information plays an important role in decision-making process in oligopoly market. This paper establishes two Cournot duopoly games with information asymmetry based on extrapolative mechanism, and focus on the impacts of information asymmetry from the perspective of stability, complexity and profit. The results show that the extrapolative mechanism plays a different role for heterogeneous expectation firms. In general, proper prediction of rival’s output information is conducive to the improvement of firms’ profit and system stability. However, for firms adopting the adaptive adjustment mechanism, the optimal profit does not occur for the most perfect prediction. Firms who adopt gradient adjustment mechanism are worth to improve prediction accuracy to promote the system stability and the profit. In addition, it is more important for all firms to control their own output adjustment mechanism to gain more profits.
Neural Ensemble Fragmentation in the AnesthetizedDrosophilaBrain
Authors: Troup Michael , Tainton-Heap Lucy A. L. , van Swinderen Bruno 
Published: March 2023

General anesthetics cause a profound loss of behavioral responsiveness in all animals. In mammals, general anesthesia is induced in part by the potentiation of endogenous sleep-promoting circuits, although “deep” anesthesia is understood to be more similar to coma (Brown et al., 2011). Surgically relevant concentrations of anesthetics, such as isoflurane and propofol, have been shown to impair neural connectivity across the mammalian brain (Mashour and Hudetz, 2017; Yang et al., 2021), which presents one explanation why animals become largely unresponsive when exposed to these drugs. It remains unclear whether general anesthetics affect brain dynamics similarly in all animal brains, or whether simpler animals, such as insects, even display levels of neural connectivity that could be disrupted by these drugs. Here, we used whole-brain calcium imaging in behaving femaleDrosophilaflies to investigate whether isoflurane anesthesia induction activates sleep-promoting neurons, and then inquired how all other neurons across the fly brain behave under sustained anesthesia. We were able to track the activity of hundreds of neurons simultaneously during waking and anesthetized states, for spontaneous conditions as well as in response to visual and mechanical stimuli. We compared whole-brain dynamics and connectivity under isoflurane exposure to optogenetically induced sleep. Neurons in theDrosophilabrain remain active during general anesthesia as well as induced sleep, although flies become behaviorally inert under both treatments. We identified surprisingly dynamic neural correlation patterns in the waking fly brain, suggesting ensemble-like behavior. These become more fragmented and less diverse under anesthesia but remain wake-like during induced sleep.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhen humans are rendered immobile and unresponsive by sleep or general anesthetics, their brains do not shut off — they just change how they operate. We tracked the activity of hundreds of neurons simultaneously in the brains of fruit flies that were anesthetized by isoflurane or genetically put to sleep, to investigate whether these behaviorally inert states shared similar brain dynamics. We uncovered dynamic patterns of neural activity in the waking fly brain, with stimulus-responsive neurons constantly changing through time. Wake-like neural dynamics persisted during induced sleep but became more fragmented under isoflurane anesthesia. This suggests that, like larger brains, the fly brain might also display ensemble-like behavior, which becomes degraded rather than silenced under general anesthesia.
A halomsíros kultúra különleges női sírja Sükösd határában
Authors: Pásztor Emília , Pap Evelin , Cs. Andrási Réka 
Published: March 2023

AbsztraktSükösd határában 2020 decemberében egy halomsíros kultúrához tartozó, különlegesen gazdag mellékletekkel ellátott temetkezés került feltárásra. Az eredeti helyzetben megfigyelt fiatal nő egykori, díszes viseleti elemei közül kiemelkedik a bronz lábtekercspár és a sírban talált borostyánleletek.In December 2020, a burial belonging to the Tumulus culture with particularly rich grave goods was excavated at Sükösd. The young woman was discovered intact and was richly adorned with jewellery. The most outstanding of these are the bronze anklets and the amber finds.
Investigation of the effects of sample preparation on gluten quantitation in rye and barley flours
Authors: Muskovics G. , Tömösközi S. , Bugyi Zs. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProper gluten quantitation is essential for providing safe gluten-free food for patients living with celiac disease (CD). However, gluten quantitation faces several challenges: the lack of a reference method and certified reference materials, the variability of methods and the effects of genetic and environmental factors on gluten. Among all these challenges our research group focuses on gluten reference material development. Gluten content is determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to obtain comparable data for the selection of cultivars used in our reference material development efforts. As ELISA methods are developed for determining low gluten concentrations, application for these special research purposes requires a 10,000-fold dilution. The formerly performed process was a post-extraction liquid dilution that proved to be sufficient for wheat samples. However, gluten contents of rye and barley samples were found to be overestimated by ELISA methods. One of the suggested reasons is the structural and solubility changes of gluten proteins during the dilution process. Therefore, our present study focuses on the comparison of the original dilution method and a revised version using solid-phase dilution in a gluten-free matrix.
EFFECT OF VISUAL ATTENTION ON CONTRALATERAL
SUPPRESSION OF ACOUSTIC REFLEXES
Authors: Prabhu Prashanth , Kumar Akriti , Revathi Raveendran , Gafoor Shezeen 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundCortical functions such as attention can affect the functioning of the medial efferent auditory system. This study
attempts to determine the effect of visual attention on contralateral suppression of acoustic reflexes.Material and MethodsContralateral suppression of acoustic reflex threshold (CSART) and contralateral suppression of
acoustic reflex amplitude (CSARA) were determined in 30 normal hearing individuals at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. CSART and
CSARA were determined for four visual attention tasks: no attention, passive attention, and two active visual attention tasks.ResultsContralateral suppression of acoustic reflexes was enhanced in the active visual attention condition compared to the
no visual attention condition. No significant difference was observed across gender in any of the conditions.ConclusionsVisual attention tasks can have a direct effect on the medial auditory efferent system and hence needs to be monitored. To enhance suppression a well-controlled active visual attention task should be used.
Using of en-bloc resection of the bladder wall with a tumor in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Authors: Kotov S. V. , Guspanov R. I. , Khachatryan A. L. , Pulbere S. A. , Sargsyan Sh. M. , Zhuravleva A. K. 
Published: March 2023

Background. Bladder cancer is in the top ten most common onco-urological diseases. Its most common form – non-muscle invasive bladder cancer – is one of the most expensive for healthcare and requires many resources for diagnosis and treatment.Aim. To evaluate safety and effectiveness of en bloc transurethral resection (eTUBRT) of bladder wall with tumor compared to conventional transurethral resection (cTUBRT) in context of recurrence-free survival and perspectives of widespread implementation in onco-urological practice.Materials and methods. We have performed a search and analysis of Russian and international literature in the PubMed database on “en-bloc resection of bladder cancer” regarding information about recurrence-free survival in patients after eTURBT and cTURBT, intraand perioperative complications, overall survival, disease progression, and different surgical techniques. References in the sources were also analyzed to identify additional potentially relevant studies.Results. The analysis of the data showed that eTURBT is safer in regards to intraand postoperative complications, and it has better long-term oncological outcomes and quality of extracted histological material. Additionally, no significant differences in treatment outcomes with different instruments (monopolar, bipolar electric current, different laser equipment) were discovered.Conclusion. eTURBT has several advantages compared to cTURBT in treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and is a potential alternative to cTURBT. However, further research is required to evaluate the place and capabilities of eTURBT in the arsenal of an onco-urologist.
From Fantastic Theories to Objective Reality: Is there Future for Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Technologies in Administration of Criminal Justice?
Authors: Spesivov N. V. 
Published: March 2023

Digitalization of various spheres of public relations, including their legal regulation, has recently become the talk of the town. More than a dozen works, many of which are of a rather fundamental nature, address the problems of digital development of law in general and criminal procedure in particular. However, it is difficult to deny that the issues of the influence of artificial intelligence on the development of justice have become the subject of widespread discussion relatively recently. As for predictive technologies, in comparison with foreign countries, there are many times fewer works of Russian legal researchers studying the issues under consideration. Basically, the legal personality of artificial intelligence is perceived as something negative, although it would be wrong to completely deny the idea of gradual penetration of this high technology into legal reality. The study attempts to participate in the discussion concerning admissibility of the use of predictive technologies and artificial intelligence in the administration of justice in criminal cases.The paper substantiates the thesis that rapid digitalization in the field of criminal justice should not go against implementation of the citizens’ right to access justice, but should serve as an important means of achieving transparency of the criminal process.Based on the basic postulates of the construction of the Russian criminal process, the author critically comprehends the place of artificial intelligence and predictive technologies from the standpoint of auxiliary elements or a fullfledged replacement of a human judge, discusses the search for an optimal balance of their application in order to improve the quality of justice in criminal cases. Despite certain conservatism of the criminal process and the seeming surrealism of thinking about full-fledged coexistence of criminal justice with predictive technologies and artificial intelligence, the author considers this direction to be very promising, requiring further study and reflection for the benefit of human development, society and the state.
Seismoacoustic Explosion Yield and Depth Estimation: Insights from the Large Surface Explosion Coupling Experiment
Authors: Kim Keehoon , Pasyanos Michael E. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The Large Surface Explosion Coupling Experiment (LSECE) is a chemical explosion experiment conducted in Yucca Flat at the Nevada National Security Site in 2020. The experiment included two surface detonations of ∼1000 kg trinitrotoluene equivalent. The main goal of this experiment was to provide the ground-truth data for seismoacoustic wave excitation by large chemical explosions near the ground surface. The seismic and acoustic energy partitioning between the surface is strongly governed by the depth or height of explosions, and either seismic or acoustic-only analysis may have inherent ambiguity in determining explosion yield and depth simultaneously. Previous studies suggested that joint seismoacoustic analysis can resolve the trade-off and reduce the uncertainty of yield and depth estimation dramatically. We demonstrate the capability of seismoacoustic analysis to improve the accuracy of explosion yield and depth estimation with the LSECE data. Local acoustic wave propagation in the atmosphere can be substantially affected by constantly varying weather conditions. Consisting of two detonations before dawn and in the afternoon, LSECE provides unique data to evaluate the model accuracy of acoustic wave propagation and seismoacoustic energy partitioning depending on local atmospheric conditions. We quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of yield and depth estimation depending on atmospheric variability and the improvement achieved by the joint seismoacoustic approach.
Numerical Modeling of Air-Blast Suppression as a Function of Explosive-Charge Burial Depth
Authors: Ford Sean R. , Vorobiev Oleg Y. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As a chemical explosion is buried, the mechanism for acoustic wave generation transitions from fully gas-generated at the surface to completely spall-induced at full containment depth. The fully gas-generated and completely spall-induced signals in the acoustic waveform are well described; however, the transition between these two end-members eludes numerical modeling because of the complex phenomena that are involved. The phenomena of crater formation and explosive cloud evolution are simulated using an Eulerian hydrocode that incorporates geomaterials with strength and porosity. Having accurately modeled these phenomena, we can confidently predict the propagation and relative strength of the gas-generated and spall-induced pulses in the recorded acoustic waveform. The numerical predictions agree with observations from the historical Stagecoach experiment as well as modern recordings from the Source Physics Experiment. In particular, the peak pressure p generated by an explosion is initially due to the gas-generated mechanism and decays with scaled depth of burial ds (depth d scaled by the cube-root of explosive yield w1/3) as exp(−ds) but then transitions near a scaled depth of 6  m/ton1/3 to the spall-generated mechanism in which the decay is ds−7/4. This decay form is related to the strong ground-motion attenuation relationship that affects spall strength. These results can improve seismoacoustic inverse models for the explosive source that need to account for the gas-generated and spall-induced signals and their effect on peak pressures and other acoustic signal features.
Seismoacoustic Analysis of the 7 July 2011 Abadan, Turkmenistan, Explosions
Authors: Nippress Stuart E. J. , Nippress Alexandra , Green David N. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
On 7 July 2011, a series of accidental explosions occurred in the town of Abadan, Turkmenistan. The explosions were observed at local distances (11 and 23 km) at the International Monitoring System (IMS) seismic array, GEYT, and at the Central Asian Cross-border Network (CAREMON), seismic station, ASHT. A total of 30 individual seismic events could be identified. IMS infrasound arrays also observed these explosions at longer ranges, for example, from 1374 km (I31KZ, Kazakhstan) to 4307 km (I48TN, Tunisia). These local and long-range observations allow us to compare yields estimated from the seismic data, 0.05–45 tonnes (trinitrotoluene [TNT] equivalent; using P-wave and Rg amplitude relationships) to those estimated from the infrasound data, 4–90 tonnes (using the dominant period). Given the long propagation distances to the closest IMS infrasound arrays, the signal durations are long and individual events in the series cannot be identified in the infrasound signals. Comparison of the seismic and infrasonic yield estimates suggests that the infrasonic dominant periods are likely associated with the largest explosions in the series. In addition to the seismic arrivals observed locally, air-to-ground coupled waves exhibiting downward first motions consistent with an initial positive blast overpressure are also observed at both GEYT and ASHT. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the air-to-ground coupled waves increases with increasing yield, whereas the period of these signals is yield independent. These amplitude observations suggest that air-to-ground coupled arrivals could be better exploited within event analyses and provide a further constraint upon yield. Fully exploiting these events of opportunity, that have multiphenomenology observations, will help to further improve our understanding of how energy from near-surface explosions partitions into the ground and atmosphere and, therefore, improve our understanding of future events.
Persistent Malnutrition among Children under five in Pastoral Communities of Aweil Centre, South Sudan
Authors: Ratib Dricile , Chakrabartty Arupkumar , Kahuma Kabakyenga Jerome 
Published: March 2023

Malnutrition is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children globally, and has been linked to 60% of the 10.9M deaths annually of under-fives. High prevalence of infectious diseases contributes to malnutrition and vice versa making the situation even worse. In WHO’s African region, the median stunting prevalence is 31.3%.
The worst scenarios are seen in the war tone countries; for example Aweil Center of South Sudan has consistently high malnutrition rates despite running nutrition projects by UN agencies, government and other partners with relative stability. Results from Survey carried out in 2013 indicated poverty levels at 76%, severe acute malnutrition (SAM) prevalence rate of 6.3% (95% CI, 4.5-8.9), Global acute malnutrition (GAM) rate of 22.4% (95% CI, 17.8-27.7) with under five mortality rate of 152 deaths/ 1,000 live births.
A cross-sectional study with two-stage cluster sampling method done to determine the associated factors of malnutrition among children 6-59 months in Aweil Center County. The results showed high burden of infectious diseases like fever, diarrhea, eye, skin and respiratory tract infections at 94.5% with p-value 0.00022 (95%C.I, 0.1667-0.291). Very low household dietary diversity score of only 24 % (125out of 513 families). There was low coverage of primary health care interventions; e.g. Vitamin A, LLITN and measles vaccinations at 53%, 52.8% and 55% respectively. Accessibility to CBDs for iCCM associated with better nutrition status of children p-value 0.032 and OR 0.62 (95% CI 0.41-0.94). Poor feeding methods, family planning practices; and poor access roads to markets impact on nutrition status of children.
Multifaceted approach is needed to root out the persistent malnutrition from Aweil Center: Shift from food aid to support of food production, scale up of primary health care and iCCM interventions to include IPT for malnourished children and community awareness on feeding practices and family planning
Hubungan Diabetes Melitus, Kolesterol dengan Skor Kalsium pada Pasien Hipertensi dengan Status Gizi Obesitas
Authors: Handari Saskia Dyah , Rahmasari Mirna , Adhela Yurike Dhika 
Published: March 2023

Latar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan masalah gizi lebih yang menjadi salah satu masalah gizi ganda yang harus diatasi. Seseorang dengan obesitas cenderung mempunyai risiko lebih besar untuk mengalami penyakit hipertensi, diabetes melitus dan kemungkinan mengalami serangan jantung yang dapat ditunjukkan dengan skor kalsium pada jantung.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan serta melihat perbedaan kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2, kolesterol, dan skor kalsium pada pasien yang menderita hipertensi disertai obesitas.
Metode: Desain penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah studi cross-sectional dengan metode pendekatan kuantitatif. Tempat pengambilan data dilakukan di RS Siloam Surabaya (2018-2021). Penentuan sampel diambil menyesuaikan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Penarikan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling method. Jumlah sampel yakni 59 laki-laki dan 59 perempuan dengan instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner, wawancara, pengukuran data antropometri, data Riwayat tekanan darah dan Riwayat kolesterol.
Hasil: Sebagian besar subjek adalah lansia akhir (38,1%).Terdapat perbedaan pada riwayat kolesterol subjek perempuan dan laki-laki (p=0,002). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada riwayat DM Tipe 2 pada subjek (p=0.092). Tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata pada skor kalsium pada subjek (p=0,062). Sebagian besar subjek selain penyandang DM tipe 2 juga mempunyai riwayat kolesterol yang tinggi (73,3%). Tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi yang nyata diantara Riwayat kolesterol yang tinggi dengan DM tipe 2 pada subjek (p=0.006). Sebagian besar subjek yang mempunyai riwayat DM tipe 2 berada pada skor kalsium yang bermakna (26,6%). Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan skor kalsium pada subjek (p=0.102)
Kesimpulan: Tidak ditemukan hubungan diantara kejadian DM tipe 2 dengan kolesterol serta kejadian DM tipe 2 dengan skor kalsium pada subjek. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada kejadian kolesterol pada subjek. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan kejadian DM tipe 2 dan skor kalsium pada subjek yang merupakan pasien dengan riwayat hipertensi disertai obesitas.