bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of spinal surgery on locomotive syndrome in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis in clinical decision limit stage 3: A retrospective study
Authors: Nakae Ichiro , Hashida Ryuki , Otsubo Ryota , Iwanaga Sohei , Matsuse Hiroo , Yokosuka Kimiaki , Yoshida Tatsuhiro , Fudo Takuma , Morito Shinji , Shimazaki Takahiro , Yamada Kei , Sato Kimiaki , Shiba Naoto , Hiraoka Koji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Locomotive syndrome (LS) is characterized by reduced mobility. Clinical decision limit (CDL) stage 3 in LS indicates physical frailty. Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) is one of the causes of LS, for which lumbar surgery is considered to improve the CDL stage. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of lumbar surgery and independent factors for improving the CDL stage in patients with LSS.
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at our University Hospital. A total of 157 patients aged ≥ 65 years with LSS underwent lumbar surgery. The 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function scale (GLFS-25) was used to test for LS, and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) was used to evaluate functional ability. Lower limb pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale. Patients with at least one improvement in the CDL stage following lumbar surgery were included in the improvement group. Differences in lower limb pain intensity between the groups were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to determine correlations between Δ lower limb pain and Δ GLFS-25. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with improvement in LS.
Results
The proportion of patients with improved CDL stage was 45.1% (improvement/non-improvement: 32/39). Δ Lower limb pain was significantly reduced in the improvement group compared with that in the non-improvement group (51.0 [36.3–71.0] vs 40.0 [4.0-53.5]; p = 0.0107). Δ GLFS-25 was significantly correlated with Δ lower limb pain (r = 0.3774, p = 0.0031). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that TUG and age were significantly associated with improvement in LS (odds ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–1.47).
Conclusions
Lumbar surgery effectively improved the CDL stage in patients with LSS. In addition, TUG was an independent factor associated with improvement in the CDL.
Determining the Acceptability and Feasibility of an Emergency Department Virtual Observation Unit Fall Prevention Program : A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Jones Abigail E. , Kennedy Maura , Hayden Emily M. , Ouchi Kei , Shankar Kalpana , Chary Anita , Li Angel , McLoughlin Kara , White Benjamin , Garcia Esteban Franco , Dellheim Vanessa , Liu Shan W. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
A third of all community dwellers aged 65 and above fall each year (1); therefore, one of the most common reasons for older adults to present to an Emergency Department (ED). To prevent recurrent falls, EDs should implement programs to systematically assess patients’ multifactorial fall risks. In this study, we aim to determine the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of an ED Virtual Observation Unit (ED VOU) Falls program.
Methods
This is a quasi-experimental study that aims to enroll 100 patients aged ≥ 65 years who present to the ED with a history of falling within 1 year or a risk of falling. Recruitment began 3/9/2023 and aims to enroll 50 subjects in the VOU and 50 in the comparison group. We will determine the acceptability of the ED VOU falls program based on patient and provider surveys using a Likert scale. We will also calculate rates of patient enrollment refusal and adherence to fall-risk prevention recommendations using information from three-month follow up telephone calls. Systematic differences will be accounted for and calculated using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Student’s t-test for continuous variables. This study has been approved by the MGB Institutional Review Board.
Discussion
This study will provide insights into the feasibility, acceptability and safety of a novel ED VOU Falls program with the aim of ultimately decreasing falls. In the future, such a program could be implemented as part of fall prevention interventions.
Regional differences in the biological variability of plantar pressure as a basis for refining diagnostic gait analysis
Authors: Latour Ewa , Arlet Jarosław 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Variability plays a fundamental role in shaping individual patterns of gait. The description of this variability allowing an estimation of gait individuality gives the hope for judging about pathology. Existing tentative ideas for using these descriptors in diagnostic assessment appear inadequate for the quality benefits. We assessed the individuality of contribution of foot parts that directly mediate the transmission of forces between the foot and the ground in body weight shifting during walking based on 200 pedobarometric measurements corresponding to the analysed foot parts for each of 19 individuals in a homogeneous study group. Our results show a degree of individualisation of the contribution of particular foot parts in the weightshift high enough to justify the need to consider it in the diagnostic analysis. Furthermore they reveal noticeable, functionally driven differences between plantar areas most apparent between the lowest individuality for the first foot ray and the highest for second one and metatarsus. The diagnostic reference standard should describe the contribution in the shift of body weight during walking for each area of the foot separately and include information on the intra-individual variation and individualisation of descriptors of the contribution. Such a comprehensive standard has the potential to increase the diagnostic value of pedobarometry.
Exogenous application of melatonin activates secondary cell wall biosynthetic genes and increases stem thickness in Glycine max
Authors: Kao Chung-Ting , Huang Ya-Wen , Lin Jia-Cheng , Chou Tsai-Pin , Chen Chang-Hung , Kuo Shang-Che , Huang Cho-Chun , Li Gui-Jun , Yu Jhong-He , Chen Ying-Lan , Xia Kai , Lin Ying-Chung Jimmy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Plant lodging severely reduced crop yield and quality. Different plant growth regulators (PGRs) have been applied to improve lodging resistance through the regulation of physiological changes, especially on the increase of stem thickness and strength. Melatonin is a pleiotropic PGR to regulate plant growth and development. In this study, we demonstrated that the exogenous treatment of melatonin to Glycine max significantly enhances plant lateral growth by increasing stem diameter. Beside stem thickness, secondary cell wall (SCW) deposition may contribute to stem rigidity to improve the lodging resistance. To understand whether melatonin regulates the genes relevant to SCW deposition, we performed transcriptomic analysis on the stems of Glycine max with or without melatonin treatment. Through the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, many SCW biosynthetic genes were found to be regulated by melatonin, including the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin biosynthetic enzymes. These SCW biosynthetic genes are governed by a hierarchical regulatory network and mainly regulated by two transcription factor (TF) families, NAC and MYB. The results showed that the gene expression of these NAC and MYB were induced by melatonin. Our study highlighted that the exogenous treatment of melatonin could improve the lodging resistance through the increase of plant stem thickness and the regulation of SCW biosynthetic genes and their upstream TFs in Glycine max.
Posterior Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) Improved the Prognosis of Pancreatic Body Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Guo Shi-wei , Gao Sui-zhi , Bai Si-jia , Li Bo , Shi Xiao-han , Li Gang , Jiang Hui , Jin Gang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterior radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) involves a more extensive resection than anterior RAMPS for adenocarcinoma of pancreatic body and tail, but the benefit is not confirmed. This study sought to compare the perioperative surgical and long-term survival outcomes between the two groups.
METHODS This retrospective study included 354 patients who underwent RAMPS for treatment of pancreatic body and tail cancer. Propensity score matching (PSM) and sub-group analysis was carried out to compare the perioperative and long-term survival outcomes between the groups.
RESULTS This study included 201 patients who underwent anterior and 153 patients posterior RAMPS. Posterior RAMPS resulted in significantly more intraoperative bleeding and dissected lymph nodes, but no significant difference in complication rates. The survival outcomes were not significantly different between the two operations in the whole dataset. In the pancreatic body subgroup, PSM analysis showed posterior RAMPS significantly prolonged overall survival time (Median OS: 25.5 months vs. 18.6 months, P = 0.047) and disease free survival time (Median DFS: 16.2 months vs. 11.9 months, P = 0.032) compared with anterior RAMPS, but the benefit was not obvious in the pancreatic tail subgroup. And posterior RAMPS was an independent factor of OS in the pancreatic body subgroup with no increased complications.
DISCUSSION Posterior RAMPS could safely be performed in high-volume centers without increase in complications. And posterior RAMPS should be considered for pancreatic body adenocarcinoma to improve the prognosis rather than pancreatic tail.
Protective effects of quercetin against H 2 O 2 induced KGN cells injury
Authors: Zhang Ning , Shen Haofei , Wang Bin , Yang Panpan , Ma Xiaoling , Hong Jinni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is one of the key contributors to cellular senescence and aging in mammals. Quercetin is a kind of bioactive flavonoid widely existing in medicinal plants and food. It has a variety of physiological activities such as antioxidant. Given that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a strong oxidant, can easily diffuse through the cell membrane and cause oxidative damage to cells, the present study is designed to verify the protective effect of quercetin on ovarian granulosa cells under oxidative stress.
Methods Cell viability and toxicity were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was detected by flow cytometry. Glutathione (GSH) level was measured to analyze the oxidation resistance. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining, Acridine Orange (AO)/Ethidium Bromide (EB) staining and western blot. The mitochondrial structure was observed under a transmission electron microscope. Mitochondrial membrane integrity was detected by JC-1 staining and western blot.
Results The results of the present study indicated that H2O2 could induce cell damage, promote ROS accumulation, and lead to GSH depletion. Further studies demonstrated that H2O2 resulted in mitochondrial morphological damage and depolarization, which activate caspase3/9 subsequently. However, quercetin could mitigate the damages.
Conclusions Present study found that H2O2 induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis of human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line (KGN), which could be attenuated by quercetin.
Modal gain enhancement of perovskite nanosheets by a patterned waveguide via spectral-length gain analysis
Authors: Taylor Robert , Kim Inhong , Choi Ga Eul , Mei Ming , Kim Min Woo , Kim Minju , Kwon Young Woo , Jeong Tae-In , Kim Seungchul , Hong Suck Won , Kyhm Kwangseuk 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We have studied optical modal gain in two-dimensional perovskite
nanostructures in terms of gain saturation and mode confinement,
where CsPbBr3 nanosheets of large lateral size (80 ∼ 300 nm) and thin thickness (5 ∼ 8 nm) were stacked in a patterned waveguide of polyurethane-acrylate. Concerned with the uncertainties and pitfalls in retrieving gain coefficient from the variable stripe length method, we have
obtained a gain contour g(ℏω, x), whereby gain saturation was analyzed in terms of both spectrum energy (ℏω) and stripe length (x). For increasing excitation and temperature, an average gain was also obtained from g(ℏω, x), where the two dimensional excitons and the localized states are involved. We found the waveguide enhances both modal gain and thermal stability due to the increased mode confinement and heat conduction.
Reprogramming human B cells with custom heavy-chain antibodies
Authors: Cannon Paula , Rogers Geoffrey , Huang Chun , Mathur Atishay , Huang Xiaoli , Chen Hsu-Yu , Stanten Kalya , Morales Heidy , Chang Chan-Hua , Kezirian Eric 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

We describe a genome editing strategy to reprogram the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus of human B cells to express custom molecules that respond to immunization. These heavy chain antibodies (HCAbs) comprise a custom antigen-recognition domain linked to an Fc domain derived from the IgH locus and can be differentially spliced to express either B cell receptor (BCR) or secreted antibody isoforms. The HCAb editing platform is highly flexible, supporting antigen-binding domains based on both antibody and non-antibody components, and also allowing alterations in the Fc domain. Using HIV Env protein as a model antigen, we show that B cells edited to express anti-Env HCAbs support the regulated expression of both BCRs and antibodies, and respond to Env antigen in a tonsil organoid model of immunization. In this way, human B cells can be reprogrammed to produce customized therapeutic molecules with the potential for in vivo amplification.
Effects of a Novel Ophthalmic Solution Containing Glicopro® Complex on Signs and Symptoms of Patients with Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Giannaccare Giuseppe , Vaccaro Sabrina , Borselli Massimiliano , Scalzo Giovanna Carnovale , Scalia Giovanni , Spena Rossella , Mannelli Lorenzo Di Cesare , Ghelardini Carla , Zerillo Lucrezia , Polvere Immacolata , Vito Pasquale , Zotti Tiziana , Scorcia Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the changes in signs and symptoms of patients with dry eye disease (DED) treated with a novel tear substitute based on the GlicoPro® complex along with its effects on the tear content.Methods In this prospective study, patients with DED not successfully responding to conventional tear substitutes were treated with a novel eye drop based on the GlicoPro® complex (posology of 4 times daily). Patients were examined before starting study treatment (T0) and after 30 days (T1) and 60 days (T2) by means of Keratograph 5M (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) for the evaluation of: i) tear meniscus height (TMH); ii) non-invasive breakup time (NIBUT) a) first, b) average and c) class; iii) bulbar redness; iv) infrared meibography for the calculation of meibomian glands loss (MGL). Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaire was administered at each time point to assess ocular discomfort symptoms. In the subgroup of patients whose TMH at T0 was ≥ 0.25 mm, the analysis of tear content was conducted to measure Proenkephalin and Met/Leu-enkephalinproenkephalin (reported as processed active peptides).Results Overall, 60 patients (23 males, 37 females; mean age 67.00 ± 8.00 years) were enrolled. At T2, a significant improvement of NIKBUT first (from 4.01 [2.87–5.88] seconds [s] to 7.90 [5.28–11.76] s; p < 0.0001), NIKBUT average (from 9.63 ± 5.03 s to 13.85 ± 4.88 s; p < 0.0001), NIBUT class (from 1.00 [0.00–2.00] to 1.00 [0.00–1.00]; p < 0.05) and TMH (from 0.28 [0.21–0.39] millimetres [mm] to 0.32 [0.24–0.40] mm; p < 0.01); in parallel, SANDE score significantly decreased at T2 (from 60.60 [52.21–68.90] to 35.60 [27.53–44.33]; p < 0.0001). In the subgroup of patients (n = 9) undergone tear analysis, a statistically significant increase in the mean value of enkephalins and proenkefalin was observed at T2 and T1 respectively (from 1 ± 0.56 to 1.46 ± 1.24; p < 0.01 and 1 ± 0.63 to 1.43 ± 0.73; p < 0.01). No patients reported adverse events related to study treatment.Conclusions The novel tear substitute based on GlicoPro® resulted in significant improvement of ocular discomfort symptoms as well as tear volume and stability in patients with DED not responding to conventional tear substitutes. The increase in active peptides processed in tears may represent the pathophysiological substrate underlying this finding.
Identical exercise programs with and without specific breathing techniques uncover clinically important differences on multifactorial outcome measures on chronic non-specific low back pain: A randomized feasibility trial with two-month follow-up
Authors: Mikkonen Jani , Luomajoki Hannu , Airaksinen Olavi , Goubert Liesbet , Leinonen Ville 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) is a leading worldwide cause of disability. Exercise is the most common conservative intervention to treat CNSLBP with modest effect sizes. Exercises with specific breathing techniques (SBTs) have potentially improved multifactorial outcomes. To our knowledge, no previous studies have been conducted to compare the outcome differences of identical exercises with or without SBTs in a uniform clinical study setting.
Aims and objectives
To quantify baseline demographics, self-adherence to home exercise, and monitor the usage of analgesics and other interventions, and possible adverse events. To assess the feasibility of the SBTs protocol, eligibility criteria, randomization, and dropout rates. To quantify the changes in PROMs to help determine whether progression to a full-scale trial is worthwhile and to inform the choice of the most relevant and responsive outcome measure.
Design
A parallel randomized analyst-blinded feasibility trial with a two-month follow-up.
Methods
Thirty subjects were randomized to a control group (1) with movement control exercise only (n=16) and an experimental group (2) with movement control exercises with SBTs add-on (n= 14) with a two-month follow-up. Trial registration number; NCT05268822.
Results
In the experimental group, which incorporated SBTs, the reduction in pain and improvement in disability from baseline to post-intervention exceeded both the minimal detectable change (MDC) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Moreover, compared to the control group, the experimental group demonstrated disability improvement that exceeded the MDC and MCID. Comparable improvements were also observed in pain catastrophizing, the impact of pain on sleep, the life quality , and overall well-being. The home exercises were identical in terms of content, adherence, and progression and no adverse events were reported. Furthermore, there were very little differences between the groups in the use of analgesics or other intervention usage. The previously defined feasibility outcomes met acceptable levels.
Discussion
Identical exercise programs in uniform clinical settings with and without SBTs uncovered preliminary clinically important differences in multifactorial outcome measures of pain intensity, disability, catastrophizing, effect of pain on sleep, life quality, and well-being. Demographics, exercise adherence or content or contextual factors or analgesics or other intervention usage did not explain group differences. Progression to full-scale study feasibility criteria was met.
Metabolic improvement in patients with Niemann-Pick disease following intravenous trehalose administration: An untargeted pharmacometabolomic study
Authors: Khoshakhlagh Mahdieh , Hasanpour Maede , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Asili Javad , Tasbandi Aida , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Iranshahy Milad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Niemann-Pick (NP) types A (NPA) and B (NPB) are life-threatening and rare inherited lysosomal storage disorders, caused by a deficiency in the acid sphingomyelinase enzyme activity. The negative outcome of this deficiency is the sphingomyelin (SM) accumulation in different organs and tissues. Trehalose is a natural disaccharide with neuroprotective and autophagy-inducing abilities which has recently been shown to improve clinical and biochemical features of patients with NPA/B. Changes in the serum metabolome were assessed in five patients with NPA/B, who received 15 g/week of trehalose intravenously for three months, using an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. MSDIAL was used for data processing, and PCA, and OPLS-DA were carried out using SIMCA. OPLS-DA model revealed significant changes in several serum metabolites including phosphate (P = .0019), sorbitol (P = .00009), myoinositol (P = .02), threonine (P = .01), lactic acid (P = .0001), 1-monopalmitin (P = .01), threitol (P = .002), ribitol (P = .008), and D-ribose (P = .007) following trehalose treatment. The findings revealed that the beneficial effects of trehalose in patients with NP are mediated by metabolic alterations. A clear shift in glucose metabolism in favor of less fatty acid production together with facilitating the breakdown of sphingomyelins is involved in the observed protective activity.
Floral developmental and anatomical evidence clarify the causes for the intrinsic floral morphological variation in Cyperoideae (Cyperaceae): some case studies
Authors: Monteiro Mariana , Oriani Aline , De Craene Louis Ronse , Demarco Diego 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Cyperaceae is a widespread family composed of two subfamilies, Mapanioideae and Cyperoideae. As opposed to the dimerous Mapanioideae spicoid inflorescences, Cyperoideae flowers are known for their typical trimerous Bauplan, however, morphological variation is reported in each floral whorl. This wide range of variation is challenging, mainly regarding taxonomic descriptions and accessing morphological homologies to understand Cyperoideae evolutionary relationships. Therefore, it is compelling to investigate floral morphology variation in the subfamily, particularly in species belonging to the most diverse genera, Carex, Cyperus and Rhynchospora, as potential models to explore the main floral variations found among Cyperoideae. Thus, we aimed to investigate the floral anatomy and development of species belonging to these genera to clarify following questions: 1) the ontogenetic sequence of the Rhynchospora perianth, 2) floral sexuality within Cyperus spikelets, 3) the increase on the number of stamens in Carex male flowers and 4) the pistil morphological variation in Cyperoideae flowers. We reported a distinct ontogenetic sequence for the perianth formation in Rhynchospora, highlighting a different developmental pattern for the Cyperoideae perianth. The presence of bisexual and unisexual flowers within the same spikelet in Cyperus was confirmed and needs to be considered in further taxonomic descriptions. The increase on the number of stamens in Carex male flowers is caused by the fusion of primordia, corroborated by the presence of several vascular bundles supplying a single filament. Additionally, the presence of male flowers with a dome-shape primordium and a plexus of receptacular bundles were related to features commonly found in monocots inflorescences. This raises questions whether Carex male flowers could be interpreted as reduced inflorescences. In general, all species exhibited restrictions on the development of abaxial structures, mainly due to the mechanical constraints applied by the glume, which may be influencing the position of the dimerous dorsiventrally flattened pistil in Cyperoideae flowers.