bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical implications of choroidal vascular brightness using ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
Authors: Jeong Areum , Yao Xue , Lee Kyungmin , Park Sang Hyun , Sagong Min 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is characterized by choroidal vascular abnormalities including polypoidal lesion and branching vascular networks. Not only choroidal structural changes, but also choroidal hyperpermeability and congestion are also thought to be involved in pathogenesis of PCV. We investigated choroidal vascular brightness intensity (CVB) using ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (UWF-ICGA) images and analyzed its association with clinical features in patients with PCV. In this study, 33 eyes with PCV and 27 eyes of age-matched controls were included. CVB was measured by extracting the enhanced pixels of choroidal vessels after the reference brightness across the images was adjusted to be uniform. Associations between choroidal vascular features and the clinical features of PCV were also determined. The mean CVB was higher in PCV than control eyes, regardless of the segmented region (all p < 0.001). CVB was also higher at the posterior pole than at the periphery, and the inferior quadrants were brighter than the superior quadrants in both the PCV and control group (all p < 0.05). In affected eyes, CVB was higher than in unaffected fellow eyes at the posterior pole, whereas there was no difference at the periphery. Posterior pole CVB correlated significantly with subfoveal choroidal thickness (r = 0.502, p = 0.005), polyp number (r = 0.366 p = 0.030), and the greatest linear dimension (r = 0.680, p = 0.040). Greatest linear dimension was positively correlated with CVB at posterior pole (p = 0.040), whereas SFCT or CVD in all regions didn't show the significant correlation. The UWF ICGA results showed an increase in CVB at the inferior quadrants and posterior pole, suggesting venous outflow congestion in PCV eyes. CVB might provide more substantial information on the phenotype than other choroidal vascular features.
AsOBP1 is required for host seeking in the malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles sinensis
Authors: Zhang Jiajun , Zhang Yongjie , Qiao Liang , He Shulin , He Xingfei , He Chengying , Chen Bin , Cao Yueqing , He Zheng-Bo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Female adult anautogenous mosquitoes rely heavily on diverse chemical stimuli to locate and discriminate hosts for feeding through their olfactory system. Odorant binding proteins are believed to be the first proteins to interact with semiochemicals in the olfactory sensory system, but their functions in host seeking have not been extensively explored. Here, we used transposon-based transgenesis and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing to localize and functionally characterize the odorant binding protein AsOBP1 in the malaria mosquito Anopheles sinensis and uncovered its roles in host-seeking behavior of female mosquitoes. AsOBP1 is specifically expressed in the cuticle and sensilla trichodea of antennae of adult mosquitoes. Although AsOBP1−/− mutant females alighted on and probed blood hosts, the AsOBP1 mutation severely impaired host-seeking behavior. The in vitro competition assay identified nine of 83 human odorants, among which 1-tetradecanol and heptanal enhanced the attraction of mice and human hands to An. sinensis mosquitoes. The olfactory sensitivity of AsOBP1 mutants to these two compounds was reduced. Our study reveals that AsOBP1 is required for the host seeking of An. sinensis through detecting human odor, such as 1-tetradecanol and heptanal, and provides a potential target for malaria control.
A Machine Learning based model for a Dose Point Kernel calculation
Authors: Scarinci Ignacio Emanuel , Valente Mauro , Pérez Pedro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Absorbed dose calculation by kernel convolution requires the prior determination of dose point kernels (DPK). This study shows applications of machine learning to generate the DPKs for monoenergetic sources and a model to obtain DPKs for beta emitters.
Methods:
DPK for monoenergetic electron sources were calculated using the FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) code for many materials of clinical interest and initial energies ranging from 10 to 3000 keV. Three machine learning (ML) algorithms were trained using the MC DPKs. Electron monoenergetic scaled DPKs (sDPKs) were used to assess the corresponding sDPKs for beta emitters typically used in nuclear medicine, which were compared against reference published data. Finally, the ML sDPK approach was applied to a patient-specific case calculating the dose voxel kernels (DVK) for a hepatic radioembolization treatment with \(^{90}\)Y.
Results:
The three trained machine learning models demonstrated a promising capacity to predict the sDPK for both monoenergetic emissions and beta emitters of clinical interest attaining differences lower than \(10%\) in the mean average percentage error (MAPE) as compared with previous studies. Furthermore, differences lower than \(7 %\) were obtained for the absorbed dose in patient-specific dosimetry comparing against full stochastic MC calculations.
Conclusion:
An ML model was developed to assess dosimetry calculations in nuclear medicine. The implemented approach has shown the capacity to accurately predict the sDPK for monoenergetic beta sources in a wide range of energy in different materials. The ML model to calculate the sDPK for beta-emitting radionuclides allowed to obtain VDK useful to achieve reliable patient-specific absorbed dose distributions required remarkable short computation times.
Diagnostic value of bronchial cast sign and string of beads sign in peripheral small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yu Hong , Xiao Yongxin , Zhu Lin , Lu Qingyun , Chen Lei , Chen Zhongbo , Wang Dong , Zhao Dianhui , Yang Guoying , Liu Jing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose

To evaluate the significance of the bronchial cast sign (BCS) and the string of beads sign (SBS) in the differential diagnosis among peripheral small cell lung cancer (pSCLC), peripheral lung adenocarcinoma (pLUA) and peripheral lung squamous cell carcinoma (pLSCC), and to discuss the formation mechanism of the two signs in pSCLC.

Methods and materials

Pathologically confirmed 78 cases of pSCLC, 69 cases of pLUA and 33 cases of pLSCC were included in this study. The positive rates of BCS, SBS, mediastinal lymph node metastasis and mediastinal lymph nodes larger than primary lung lesions are calculated and analyzed in pSCLC group, pLUA group and pLSCC, respectively.

Results

The positive rate of BCS, SBS, mediastinal lymph node metastasis and mediastinal lymph nodes larger than primary lung lesions were 23.1%, 12.8%, 80.8% and 53.8% in the 78 pSCLC patients, respectively. Mediastinal lymph nodes were all larger than primary lung lesions in the pSCLC with SBS. There were no BCS or SBS observed in the 69 cases of pLUA, in which 25 cases (36.2%) had mediastinal lymph node metastasis and 2 cases (2.9%) shown the mediastinal lymph nodes were larger than the original lung lesions. The positive rates of BCS, SBS, mediastinal lymph node metastasis and mediastinal lymph nodes larger than primary lung lesions were 6.1%, 2.8%, 39.4% and 16.7% of the total 33 cases with pLSCC, respectively.

Conclusion

SBS and BCS in CT images reflect the biologic characters of pSCLC at a certain level and show noteworthy clinical value in differential diagnosis of pSCLC, pLUA and pLSCC. However, the two signs should be combined with other CT signs of pSCLC and mediastinal lymph node size.
Evolution of the main hospital activity indicators in Sikasso Hospital, Mali, 2015-2021
Authors: Sidi Haidara Dadé Ben 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The right information system makes it possible to describe and evaluate hospital activity and the performance of a hospital establishment. The objective of this work was to describe the trends in Sikasso's hospital activity over the past seven years.
Methods: This was a descriptive study using existing data at Sikasso Hospital. Ports of entry staff handled all admissions between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2021.
Results: Analysis of the data showed that Sikasso Hospital has 14 wards, eight of which are inpatient and have a capacity of 163 beds.
The total number of hospitalizations decreased from 6747 (2015) to 5899 (2021). This evolution varied from one department to another with an increase over the years in hospitalizations from consultation at the expense of those from emergencies, especially at the level of pediatrics and gynecology.
The average length of stay increased from three days in 2015 to four days in 2021, while the overall bed occupancy rate varied from year to year and from service to service. It averaged 44.55% with a minimum of 40% in 2020 and a maximum of 49.96% in 2016. During this period, the overall mortality rate was 9.62%, and 9.99% in 2015 to 9.35% in 2021.
Conclusion : The existing information system, with its shortcomings, allowed us to describe the main indicators of activity in our hospital
Effects of pecto-intercostal fascial block combined with rectus sheath block for postoperative pain management after cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Lu , Jiang Luyang , Jiang Bailin , Xin Ling , He Miao , Yang Wei , Zhao Zhou , Feng Yi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Pecto-intercostal fascial block (PIFB) provides analgesia for cardiac median sternotomy, while many patients complained of severe drainage pain which can’t be covered by PIFB. Rectus sheath block (RSB) has been attempted to solve this problem, whether PIFB combined with RSB can achieve better analgesia is uncertain.
Methods: This was a single-center randomized controlled trial at Peking University People’s Hospital from September 22, 2022 to December 21, 2022. Patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with a median sternotomy were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to
receive either bilateral PIFB and RSB (PIFB+RSB group) or PIFB (PIFB group). The primary outcome was intravenous opioid consumption within 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes included opioid consumption within 48 hours, postoperative pain scores, time to extubation, length of stay in the hospital. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a before and the first 24 hours after surgery were measured.
Results: A total of 54 patients were analyzed (27 in each group). Intravenous opioid consumption within 24 hours after surgery was 2.33±1.77 mg in the PIFB+RSB group vs 3.81±2.24 mg in the PIFB group (p=0.010). Opioid consumption within 48 hours after surgery was also reduced in the PIFB+RSB group (4.71±2.71 mg vs 7.25±3.76 mg, p=0.006). There was no significant difference in pain scores, time to extubation, length of stay in hospital, the level of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a between two groups.
Conclusions: The combination of PIFB and RSB reduced postoperative intravenous opioid consumption and prolong the duration of single shot in cardiac surgery.
Trial registration: This trial is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200062017) on 19/07/2022.
In vitro plant growth regulator-free propagation of Hedeoma multiflora Beth. Comparison of exo-morphological and metabolomic aspects vs. wild populations.
Authors: Diaz-Gabutti María Soledad , Magallanes-Noguera Cynthia Alejandra , Cecati Francisco Miguel , Leporati Jorge , Verdes Patricia , Kurina-Sanz Marcela 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aromatic plant Hedeoma multiflora Beth. is endangered by both the overexploitation and the advance of agricultural and urban borders. We report an efficient protocol for its in vitro propagation without using plant growth regulators (PGRs). Two in vitro plant lines, one initiated from seeds and other from binodal segments, remain stable and present high multiplication rates in half strength Murashigue and Skoog medium. Neither the addition of 1-naphthylacetic acid, kinetin or their combinations improved either growing or multiplication rates which reached 26.39 stems per initial explant after 12 weeks. A comparison toward three wild populations, harvested at both early and late summer time, shows that the morpho-anatomical characteristics of the aerial parts are fairly preserved although in vitro plants display more abundant but shorter roots. The profiles of volatile compounds from wild and in vitro specimens are quite similar, although hydrocarbon monoterpenes’ fraction is more important in the latter. Pulegone is by far the main volatile metabolite in all the assessed populations while its proportion drops in the in vitro and in the wild plants from late summer respect to wild plants from December. The concentration of the biomarkers, menthone, isomenthone, pulegone and isopulegone, is about an order of magnitude lower in the in vitro than in the wild plants. Overall, the biomass production in a PGR-free medium ensures constant composition of specialised metabolites and absence of biological and chemical contaminations, representing an alternative for the sustainable use of H. multiflora as edible material.
Macrophages play a leading role in determining the direction of astrocytic migration in spinal cord injury via ADP-P2Y1R axis
Authors: Ono Gentaro , Kobayakawa Kazu , Saiwai Hirokazu , Tamaru Tetsuya , Iura Hirotaka , Haruta Yohei , Kitade Kazuki , Iida Kei-Ichiro , Kawaguchi Ken-Ichi , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , Tsuda Makoto , Tamura Tomohiko , Ozato Keiko , Inoue Kazuhide , Konno Dai-Jiro , Maeda Takeshi , Okada Seiji , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), inflammatory cells such as macrophages infiltrate the injured area, and astrocytes migrate, forming a glial scar around macrophages. The glial scar inhibits axonal regeneration, resulting in significant permanent disability. However, the mechanism by which glial scar-forming astrocytes migrate to the injury site has not been clarified. Here we show that migrating macrophages attract reactive astrocytes toward the center of the lesion after SCI. Chimeric mice with bone marrow lacking IRF8, which controls macrophage centripetal migration after SCI, showed widely scattered macrophages in injured spinal cord with the formation of a huge glial scar around the macrophages. To determine whether astrocytes or macrophages play a leading role in determining the directions of migration, we generated chimeric mice with reactive astrocyte-specific Socs3−/− mice, which showed enhanced astrocyte migration, and bone marrow from IRF8−/− mice. In this mouse model, macrophages were widely scattered, and a huge glial scar was formed around the macrophages as in wild-type mice that were transplanted with IRF8−/ bone marrow. In addition, we revealed that macrophage-secreted ATP-derived ADP attracts astrocytes via the P2Y1 receptor. Our findings revealed a mechanism in which migrating macrophages attracted astrocytes and affected the pathophysiology and outcome after SCI.
A cost-effective diagnostic approach of urothelial carcinomas in 2 mL full voided urine based on novel panels of dual methylated DNA markers
Authors: Fan Jian , Meng Chang , Wu Yucai , Cai Di , He Shiming , Li Zhihua , Zhang Lianghao , Yang Kunlin , Wang Aixiang , Li Xinfei , Du Yicong , Xiong Shengwei , Li Tingting , Dong Lanlan , Gong Yanqing , Zhou Liqun , Li Xuesong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground:Currently, universal methylated biomarkers for urothelial carcinomas are lacking, and nearly all the diagnostic panels for bladder cancer with accuracy over 90% are multiplex (> 3 markers), and based on large volume urine (> 50 mL), which are not cost-effective for clinical application. The aim of this study was to identify universal marker for urothelial carcinomas based on 2 mL full voided urine.Method:In this study, we discovered the top 25 differential methylation regions with a sliding window method using TCGA cohort, and 8 were validated in 30 healthy blood and 20 normal urine samples by Sanger sequencing, three new regions chr10:101140373-101140735 (hg38),GRASPandAL021918.2with specificities ≥90% were further validated in 103 tissues (47 bladder cancer and 28 paired carcinoma and normal adjacent tissues of renal pelvis (n=14) and ureter (n=14)), then chr10:101140373-101140735 andAL021918.2were tested in 2mL urine from 477 participants (199 bladder cancer, 39 renal pelvis and 26 ureter carcinomas, and 213 negative samples including other urological carcinomas and benign diseases), two widely reported bladder cancer biomarkers,TWIST1andVIM, were also detected in tissue and urine samples for comparison, the technology platform was methylation-specific PCR.Results:The AUC values ofAL021918.2was highest both in tissue and urine samples in classfying urothelial carcinomas and adjacent normal/negative samples. Overally, In urine, the sensitivities and specificities ofAL021918.2for urothelial carcinomas were 87.12% and 93.90%, specifically, the sensitivities for low-grade bladder cancer, Ta stage bladder cancer, low-grade upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas were 75.56%, 83.33% and 100%, respectively. WhenAL021918.2andVIMwere combined, the sensitivity for urothelial carcinomas could reach 93.94%, and the specificity was 92.02%, the sensitivities of the dual-targets panel for Ta stage and low-grade urothelial carcinomas were both higher than 90%.Conclusions:We found a novel and general urothelial carcinoma biomarkerAL021918.2, outperfoming the existing two bladder cancer markers. The combination ofAL021918.2andVIMhad accuracy over 90%, in addition, only 2mL full voided urine was used, greatly improving the simplicity, which had important clinical implications in future applications.
An unusual route of odontogenic infection from the mandible to the orbit through the facial spaces resulting in blindness: a rare case
Authors: Nashawi Faez Ebrahim , Shasho Hamza Omar , Alkheder Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Orbital infection is a rare complication of odontogenic infections, mostly originating from maxillary teeth. In our case, we present one of the unusual routes by which an odontogenic infection of a lower molar tooth has spread into the orbit. A 67-year-old uncontrolled diabetic patient was referred to the ear, nose, and throat department with a complaint of a swollen right masseteric region and orbital infection following a dental procedure on the right mandibular third molar that had previously failed. Computed tomography scan and Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple abscesses localized in the masseteric and infratemporal spaces and extending into the orbital cavity through the inferior orbital fissure with no sinus involvement. Improper treatment and poorly controlled diabetes resulted in the extensive spread of the infection. Clinical and radiological re-evaluation has played a major role in the management of our case by elucidating the route of infection and localizing abscess foci accurately, enabling the team to plan the proper surgical intervention.
Implementation of Public Key Cryptosystem Using CBIR Algorithm
Authors: Chigateri Manasa K , Sonoli Savita 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Content-based image retrieval, also known as query by image content is the application of computer vision techniques to the image retrieval problem, that is, the problem of searching for digital images in large databases. The usage of digital images has been increased enormously from the last decade due to the drastic growth in storage and network technology. These technological changes have led the professional users to use, store and manipulate the remotely stored images. Information Retrieval (IR) deals with location and retrieval of related documents or images on the basis of user inputs such as keywords or example as a query from the repository. Hence, to throw a light into this chosen research topic, we are carrying out an integrated analysis of HSV color histogram characteristics with contour based concepts could be used to improve the retrieval system performance in CBIR.
Nerolidol, bioactive compound suppress growth of HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqian , Chinnathambi Arunachalam , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Natarajan Nandakumar , Raman Muthusamy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Colon cancer is the most prevalent cancer and causes the highest cancer-associated mortality in both men and women globally. It has a high incidence and fatality rate, which places a significant burden on the healthcare system.

Objective

The current work was performed to understand the beneficial roles of nerolidol on the viability and cytotoxic mechanisms in the colon cancer HCT-116 cells.
Methodology
The MTT cytotoxicity assay was done to investigate the effect of nerolidol at different doses (5-100 µM) on the HCT-116 cell viability. The impacts of nerolidol on ROS accumulation and apoptosis was investigated using DCFH-DA, DAPI, and dual staining assays, respectively. The flow cytometry analysis was performed to study the influence of nerolidol on the cell cycle arrest in the HCT-116 cells.

Results

The outcomes of the MTT assay demonstrated that nerolidol at different doses (5-100 µM) substantially inhibited the HCT-116 cell viability with an IC50 level of 25 µM. The treatment with nerolidol appreciably boosted the ROS level in the HCT-116 cells. The findings of DAPI and dual staining revealed higher apoptotic incidences in the nerolidol-exposed HCT-116 cells, which supports its ability to stimulate apoptosis. The flow cytometry analysis demonstrated the considerable inhibition in cell cycle at G0/G1 phase in the nerolidol-exposed HCT-116 cells.

Conclusion

Our research showed that nerolidol can inhibit the cell cycle, increase ROS accumulation, and activate apoptosis in HCT-116 cells. In light of this, it may prove to be a potent salutary candidate to treat colon cancer.
Effect of Emergency Rubber Spring of Deflated Air Spring on Dynamic Performance of Railway Vehicles
Authors: Tiwari Vikas , Sharma Satish C. , Harsha Suraj 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Emergency rubber springs (ERS) are an integral part of an air spring and act in series or parallel with the compressed air provided inside the bellow. Under the air spring’s deflated state, the ERS acts as a bumper/suspension and supports the full operating vertical and shear load. The influence of the amplitude and direction of the shear strain on the emergency spring when subjected to compression load is investigated. It is observed that the emergency spring’s stiffness slightly decreases, whereas the damping of the spring significantly increases when the central core is introduced. The influence of the central rubber core in the emergency spring and the effect of both emergency springs on the dynamic performance of vehicles are also being investigated. The results suggest that the ERS with a rubber core reduces the displacement part of the car body.