bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a predictor of arterial stiffness, incidence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A longitudinal two-cohort analysis
Authors: Muhammad Iram Faqir , Bao Xue , Nilsson Peter M. , Zaigham Suneela 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundTriglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a useful low-cost marker of insulin resistance. We aimed to evaluate the association between TyG index and arterial stiffness, incidence of diabetes, adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in two large prospective Swedish cohorts, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study-Cardiovascular Cohort (MDCS-CV) and the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP).MethodsAssociation between baseline TyG index and arterial stiffness, measured by carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (c-f PWV), was assessed using linear regression and general linear models, adjusting for covariates. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess the association between TyG index and incidence of diabetes, coronary events (CE), stroke, atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.ResultsAfter multivariable adjustment, baseline TyG index was significantly associated with increased arterial stiffness (β for c-f PWV = 0.61, p = 0.018). Participants in the highest quartile of TyG index vs. lowest quartile had an increased incidence of diabetes (HR: 3.30, 95% CI: 2.47–4.41), CE (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.41–1.68), stroke (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.18–1.44), all-cause mortality (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.16–1.28), and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.26–1.49) after adjustment for covariates. Per unit increase in TyG index was associated with increased heart failure risk. No significant association was observed for incident AF.ConclusionElevated TyG index is positively associated with increased arterial stiffness and increased incidence of diabetes, CE, stroke, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The results suggest that TyG index can potentially be useful in the identification of those at increased long-term risk of adverse health outcomes.
Experimental study on coal seam permeability enhancement and CO2 permeability caused by supercritical CO2
Authors: Yu Yongjiang , Liu Jingjing , Yang Yuntao , Wu Di , Zhai Wenbo , Miao Feng 
Published: January 2023

Permeability is one of the most important parameters for characterizing fluid flow and production from reservoirs. In this paper, experimental studies on the percolation, permeability, and adsorption of supercritical CO2 in coal seams were carried out, taking into account the effects of injection pressure and temperature, comparing the changes in longitudinal wave velocity of specimens before and after the tests, and analyzing the permeability effect of supercritical CO2 on raw coal specimens. The test results showed that when the volume stress was 36 MPa, the permeability of supercritical CO2 in coal increased by 93%, on average, compared with that of CO2. The modified D-R model was used to fit the adsorption data, and it was found that the excess adsorption capacity of supercritical CO2 by coal decreased with increased pressure, with a maximum value of approximately 8 MPa. When the temperature increased by 10°C, the adsorption capacity decreased by 8.3%, on average. In the subcritical CO2 state, the trend of excess CO2 adsorption in coal was consistent with that of absolute adsorption, which was 16% higher than that of excess adsorption, on average. After the action of supercritical CO2, the propagation velocity of the longitudinal wave in the sample decreased significantly, indicating that supercritical CO2 can effectively promote the development of pores and fractures in the coal sample, with an obvious anti-reflection effect on the coal seam and the best permeability enhancement effect at 35°C.
Observational study of river-land breeze and its influence on distribution of PM10 concentrations over a main mining city in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Xinqi , Hong Xingyuan , Wang Shuibin , Huang Yong 
Published: January 2023

Wind data from air pollutant observation networks and meteorological stations are used to analyze the characteristics of river-land breeze near Tongling city (a main mining city in the Yangtze River Delta). The inhomogeneous distribution of pollutant matters near Tongling city due to river-land breeze is also investigated. Our results show the following conclusions. 1) The river breeze during the daytime is stronger than the land breeze at night. And the speed of river-land breeze is increased rapidly from 7:00 and arrived at the maximum at 12:00. After 15:00, the speed is slowed rapidly. 2) The river-land breeze in city area (east of Yangtze River, speed is .07 m/s) is weaker than the natural area (west of Yangtze River, speed is 0.18 m/s). Furthermore, the seasonal variations of breeze both in the west and east sides are different. In west side, the breeze is strongest in spring. And in the east side, the breeze is strongest in summer. 3) Under a weak breeze (≤0.45 m/s), the PM10 is moved by the breeze within the region and causes the heterogeneity. While with a strong breeze (&gt;0.45 m/s), the PM10 is transported out of the region, and the PM10 concentration becomes homogenous. 4) The river breeze leads to a reduction of the pollutant concentration near the Yangtze River, but an increase in the city due to the transportation of pollutant particles from coast to city at daytime.
Periodic variations of phosphorus migration and transformation in a eutrophic lake of China: The role of algae bloom and collapse
Authors: Han Chaonan , Tang Yu , Wu Hao , Sun Ningning , Dai Yan , Dai Tianhao 
Published: January 2023

It is a two-way interaction between algae bloom events and nutrient cycles in aquatic environments. In Meiliang bay of Taihu Lake, phosphorus (P) forms in the water, sediment and pore water, and bacterial community structures in the sediment were investigated in June 2021 (the algae bloom period) and December 2021 (the algae collapse period). The aim of this study is to clarify the periodic variations of P migration and transformation driven by algae bloom and collapse. Results showed that concentrations of total P and total particulate P in the water during the algae bloom period (.13–.25 mg/L) were much higher than those during the algae collapse period (0–.13 mg/L), which was mainly caused by the uptake of phosphate (PO43-) by algae in the surface water. Compared with the algae bloom period, there were higher concentrations of organic P (OP), iron-bound P (FeP) and inorganic P in the sediments during the algae collapse period. The propositions of OP and FeP in total P in the sediments increased from 19% to 17% during the algae bloom period to 27% and 33% during the algae collapse period. These suggest the cumulative trend of OP and FeP in the sediments during the algae collapse period, and FeP might be formed through the processes of OP mineralization and P adsorption by iron oxides/hydroxides in the sediments. Different routes of sediment P regeneration existed over the two periods. During the algae bloom period, the similar vertical variations of labile PO43- and labile Fe2+ in the sediments provided in situ, high-resolution evidence for FeP reductive dissolution driven by FRBs activities. During the algae collapse period, OP mineralization driven by organic P-solubilizing bacteria activities and accelerated by the sulfate reduction process was confirmed by the similar vertical variations of labile PO43- and labile S2- in the sediments. Therefore, treatment approaches and management practices should consider the periodic variations of internal P cycles in aquatic environments during the algae bloom and algae collapse periods to avoid inefficient treatments of lake eutrophication and algae bloom.
Reconstruction of 3D multi-mineral shale digital rock from a 2D image based on multi-point statistics
Authors: Liu Lei , Yao Jun , Imani Gloire , Sun Hai , Zhang Lei , Yang Yongfei , Zhang Kai 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Shale oil and gas reservoirs contain a variety of inorganic and organic pores that differ significantly from conventional reservoirs, making traditional experiments ineffective. Instead, the pore-scale imaging and modeling method, regarded as a novel and practical approach, is proposed to characterize shale microstructure and petrophysical properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) microstructure of the porous medium, that is, the digital rock. However, microstructural images of shale at high-resolution, obtained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are constrained in the two-dimensional (2D) scale.Method: In this work, a novel iterative algorithm to reconstruct 3D multi-phase shale digital rock from a 2D image using multi-point statistics has been proposed. A multi-grid data template was used to capture the conditional probabilities and data events. The novelty of this work stems from an accurate representation of different types of pores and the mineral characteristics of shale rock from 2D images.Result: A series of simulations were conducted to reconstruct 2D shale digital rock from a 2D segmented training image, 3D shale digital rock from a 2D segmented training image, a 2D gray training image to reconstruct 2D shale digital rock, and a 2D gray training image to reconstruct 3D shale digital rock.Discussion: To corroborate the accuracy of the reconstructed digital rock and evaluate the reliability of the proposed algorithm, we compared the construction image with the training image with the two-point correlation function, geometry, morphological topology structure, and flow characteristics. The reconstruction accuracy indicates that the proposed algorithm can replicate the higher-order statistical information of the training image.
Transcriptomic profiling of hepatic tissues for drug metabolism genes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A study of human and animals
Authors: Chen Li , Chen Lu , Li Xu , Qin Lin , Zhu Yan , Zhang Qianru , Tan Daopeng , He Yuqi , Wang Yu-He 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDrug metabolism genes are involved in the in vivo metabolic processing of drugs. In previous research, we found that a high-fat diet affected the transcript levels of mouse hepatic genes responsible for drug metabolism.AimsOur research intends to discover the drug metabolism genes that are dysregulated at the transcriptome level in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsWe analyzed the transcriptome for drug metabolism genes of 35 human liver tissues obtained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Additionally, we imported transcriptome data from mice fed a high-fat diet in previous research and two open-access Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE63067 and GSE89632). Then, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we cross-linked the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in clinical and animal samples and validated the common genes.ResultsIn this study, we identified 35 DEGs, of which 33 were up-regulated and two were down-regulated. Moreover, we found 71 DEGs (39 up- and 32 down-regulated), 276 DEGs (157 up- and 119 down-regulated), and 158 DEGs (117 up- and 41 down-regulated) in the GSE63067, GSE89632, and high-fat diet mice, respectively. Of the 35 DEGs, nine co-regulated DEGs were found in the Venn diagram (CYP20A1, CYP2U1, SLC9A6, SLC26A6, SLC31A1, SLC46A1, SLC46A3, SULT1B1, and UGT2A3).ConclusionNine significant drug metabolism genes were identified in NAFLD. Future research should investigate the impacts of these genes on drug dose adjustment in patients with NAFLD.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2100041714.
A new perspective on semen quality of aged male: The characteristics of metabolomics and proteomics
Authors: Guo Yi , Li Jinli , Hao Fengdan , Yang Yang , Yang Hao , Chang Qiurong , Kong Pengcheng , Liu Wenqiang , Jiao Xianting , Teng Xiaoming 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundSemen quality is negatively correlated with male age and is mainly quantified by a routine semen analysis, which is descriptive and inconclusive. Sperm proteins or semen metabolites are used as the intermediate or end-products, reflecting changes in semen quality, and hold much promise as a new biomarker to predict fertility in advanced-aged males.ObjectivesIn this study, we sought to assess whether the semen metabolome and proteome of aged males can affect semen quality and serve as biomarkers for predicting semen quality.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 12825 males that underwent semen routine analysis to understand the age-dependent changes in sperm quality. To identify the difference between aged and young adults, metabolomics (n=60) analyses of semen and proteomics (n=12) analyses of sperm were conducted. Finally, integrated machine learning of metabolomics was conducted to screen biomarkers to identify aging semen.ResultsWe discovered that male age was positively correlated with sperm concentration as well as DNA fragmentation index(DFI), and negatively with progressive motile sperm count, total sperm count, sperm volume and progressive sperm motility. The differential metabolites were significantly enriched in various metabolic pathways, and four of these differential metabolites (Pipamperone, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2’,2’’-nitrilotriethanol, Arg-Pro and Triethyl phosphate) were utilized to establish a biomarker panel to identify aging semen. Proteomic analysis showed that differential proteins were significantly enriched in protein digestion and absorption and some energy-related pathways. An integrated analysis of the metabolome and proteome identified differential energy metabolism and oxidative stress-related proteins, which could explain the decreased motility and the increased DFI of aging spermDiscussion and conclusionWe provide compelling evidence that the changes in semen metabolome and sperm proteome are related to the decline of semen quality in aged males. Moreover, a biomarker panel based on four metabolites was established to identify aging semen.
A novel risk model based on the correlation between the expression of basement membrane genes and immune infiltration to predict the invasiveness of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Chen Zheng , Sun Xin , Kang Yin , Zhang Jian , Jia Fang , Liu Xiyao , Zhu Hongwei 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveInvasive pituitary adenomas (IPAs) are common tumors of the nervous system tumors for which invasive growth can lead to difficult total resection and a high recurrence rate. The basement membrane (BM) is a special type of extracellular matrix and plays an important role in the invasion of pituitary adenomas (PAs). The aim of this study was to develop a risk model for predicting the invasiveness of PAs by analyzing the correlation between the expression of BM genes and immune infiltration.MethodsFour datasets, featuring samples IPAs and non-invasive pituitary adenomas (NIPAs), were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). R software was then used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and analyze their functional enrichment. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was used to screen BM genes, which were analyzed for immune infiltration; this led to the generation of a risk model based on the correlation between the expression of BM genes and immunity. A calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate and validate the model. Subsequently, the differential expression levels of BM genes between IPA and NIPA samples collected in surgery were verified by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and the prediction model was further evaluated. Finally, based on our analysis, we recommend potential drug targets for the treatment of IPAs.ResultsThe merged dataset identified 248 DEGs that were mainly enriching in signal transduction, the extracellular matrix and channel activity. The PPI network identified 11 BM genes from the DEGs: SPARCL1, GPC3, LAMA1, SDC4, GPC4, ADAMTS8, LAMA2, LAMC3, SMOC1, LUM and THBS2. Based on the complex correlation between these 11 genes and immune infiltration, a risk model was established to predict PAs invasiveness. Calibration curve and ROC curve analysis (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.7886194) confirmed the good predictive ability of the model. The consistency between the qPCR results and the bioinformatics results confirmed the reliability of data mining.ConclusionUsing a variety of bioinformatics methods, we developed a novel risk model to predict the probability of PAs invasion based on the correlation between 11 BM genes and immune infiltration. These findings may facilitate closer surveillance and early diagnosis to prevent or treat IPAs in patients and improve the clinical awareness of patients at high risk of IPAs.
Low temperature ensures FeS2 cathode a superior cycling stability in Li7P3S11-based all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Wang Ru , Wu Zhongkai , Yu Chuang , Wei Chaochao , Peng Linfeng , Wang Liping , Cheng Shijie , Xie Jia 
Published: January 2023

All-solid-state lithium sulfide batteries exhibit great potential as next-generation energy storage devices due to their low cost and high energy density. However, the poor conductivity of the solid electrolytes and the low electronic conductivity of sulfur limit their development. In this work, the highly conductive Li7P3S11 glass-ceramic solid electrolyte with room temperature conductivity of 1.27 mS cm−1 is synthesized and combined with the FeS2 cathode and Li-In anode to fabricate FeS2/Li7P3S11/Li-In all-solid-state Li-S battery. The assembled battery delivers high initial discharge capacities of 620.8, 866.4 mAh g−1, and 364.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1C under room temperature, 60°C and 0°C, respectively. It shows a discharge capacity of 284.8 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 52.4% after 80 cycles at room temperature. When the operating temperature rises to 60°C, this battery suffers a fast decay of capacity in 40 cycles. However, this battery sustains a high discharge capacity of 256.6 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 87.9% after 100 cycles under 0°C, smaller volume expansion of ASSBs at 0°C keep the solid/solid contact between the electrolyte particles, thus resulting in better electrochemical performances. EIS and in situ pressure characterizations further verify that the differences of electrochemical performances are associated with the volume variations caused by the temperature effects. This work provides a guideline for designing all-solid-state Li-S which is workable in a wide temperature range.
Trace metal fate in soil after application of digestate originating from the anaerobic digestion of non-source-separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste
Authors: Baldasso Veronica , Bonet-Garcia Neus , Sayen Stéphanie , Guillon Emmanuel , Frunzo Luigi , Gomes Carlos A. R. , Alves Maria João , Castro Ricardo , Mucha Ana Paula , Almeida C. Marisa R. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Digestate originating from anaerobic digestion of non-source-separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is produced abundantly worldwide and generally discarded in landfills. However, it can be a valuable resource for many bioeconomy strategies as land restoration, only if a consolidated understanding of the contaminants’ presence and behaviour in digestate-amended soil is achieved. This study aimed to investigate the fate of trace metals, namely Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cr found in the digestate, along the soil profile after digestate application on soil, and the influence that other contaminants as pharmaceutical compounds can have on their behaviour in the soil system.Methods: For that, a 90-day soil column experiment was conducted using a fine loamy sand soil topped with a layer of digestate-amended soil. Digestate-amended soil had a soil to digestate proportion of 14 to 1 (dry weight). Two experimental conditions were tested: soil amended with digestate, and soil amended with digestate spiked with the antidiabetic drug metformin. Soil samples were taken at 4 depths on days 1, 7, 21, 35 and 90, and total trace metals concentrations and fractionation were determined via atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results: Results showed that Zn, Cu, Pb ad Cr initially present in the digestate were transferred from the digestate-amended soil layer to the underlying soil layer over time, although in low amounts. Nevertheless, no transfer was detected to the deeper soil layers. Trace metals in soil were predominantly in immobile and less bioavailable forms associated with clay and silicate mineral groups, whereas in the digestate-amended soil they were in more bioavailable forms, which could be related to metals’ migration in the soil layers below. Results also show that the presence of metformin had no influence on trace metal behaviour, giving insight also on possible interactions with other potentially present contaminants as microplastics.Conclusion: The current study showed that OFMSW digestate can be a promising organic nutrient-rich matrix for land restoration even if it may contain high metals’ concentrations because low metal mobility along the soil profile can be expected.
Directing the wind: Techno-economic feasibility of green ammonia for farmers and community economic viability
Authors: Ofori-Bah Catherine Obiribea , Amanor-Boadu Vincent 
Published: January 2023

There has been increasing interest in low-carbon technologies to reduce climate change impacts. However, careful assessments of their implications for the vibrancy of local economies are rare. This paper employs techno-economic analysis to assess the technical and economic feasibility of investment in one such technology: local green ammonia production and its contribution to the economic viability of the local economy. The analysis considers price projection and debt financing options, and alternative energy-to-ammonia technologies. The approach is broadly applicable and is illustrated here using a case study in which 248,188 MT of traditional ammonia are replaced with local wind energy-produced ammonia for farmers in Southwest Kansas, United States. Economic feasibility is defined as the ability to accrue enough discounted cash flow at the end of the turbines’ 25-year lifespan to enable their replacement. The alternative technologies are the traditional Haber-Bosch and the emerging solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The total plant capital cost amounted to $781.72 million while the plant operating costs were set at $100/MT with the energy supplied by the project’s energy system. The results show how economic feasibility sensitivity to technology and financing options are evaluated and communicated to scientists, policymakers, and farmers. The 6.5 MWh/MT wind energy-to-ammonia SOEC technology presented the best economic results under all price projections. The community’s investment yielded the highest return when debt was used to finance 50% of the capital investment. Returns exceeded the average annual S&amp;P return of about 7% from 1957 to 2021. The work shows how consideration of technology efficiencies and creative financing strategies can contribute to the economic welfare of farmers and their communities even as they contributed to reducing crop production’s carbon footprint.