bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional and behavioural difficulties among children and adolescents attending “ART Teen Clubs” in Mzuzu City in northern Malawi: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaseka Paul Uchizi , Zgambo Maggie , Mbakaya Balwani Chingatichifwe , Lazarus Mathews , Nkhata Obed , Kalambo Fatch W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
While triple anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has improved HIV-infected children surviving into adolescence and adulthood, these children remain vulnerable to HIV-related psychological disturbance due to both the direct HIV infection effects on the brain and indirect effects related to coping with a range of medical, psychologicaland social stresses associated with HIV, which makes it vital to identify their mental health needs. This study assessed the emotional and behavioural challenges of HIV perinatally infected children and adolescents with a completed disclosure process attending “ART teen club” in Malawi
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted to obtain quantitative descriptive descriptions of emotional and behavioural challenges among HIV-infected children and adolescents between 10 and 22 years of age. They were interviewed on their family socio-demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics as well as emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer and prosocial problems using the Chichewa version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and logistic regression.
Results
Based on the four-band categorization of the SDQ, higher scores for total difficulties score were observed in 72.9% of the children. According to the subscales of the SDQ, results show that children had higher scores in peer problems (62.8%), emotional (68.2%), conduct (68.6%) and prosocial (57.8%) subscales while lower scores were identified in the hyperactivity (16.6%) subscale. Results show that within each level, males are having lower frequencies as compared to females.
Results from multivariate binary logistic regression indicate that those with a single parent or not as well as the WHO HIV clinical stage had an impact on the mental health status of the children. Children who do not have a single parent (AOR 3.404; 95% CI:1.563-7.416, p=0.002) had 3.404 odds of having abnormal mental health status unlike those children with a single parent and children who were in WHO HIV clinical stage 2 (AOR 2.536; 95% CI:1.005-6.395, p=0.049) or 3 and 4 (AOR 8.459; 95% CI:1.5.820-10.544, p<0.001) had more odds of having the mental disorder as compared with those children in WHO HIV clinical stage 1.
Conclusion
The prevalence of emotional and behavioural difficulties among children and adolescents attending ART teen clubs is significant. Peer, emotional, and conduct problems in childhood were common, affecting emotional and behaviour difficulties. Addressing mental health needs like the provision of culturally appropriate screening guidelines, having a good viral load monitoring schedule and allocating mental health staff in the ART teen clubs may improve mental health among HIV-infected children and adolescents.
A case of short rib thoracic dysplasia-16 associated with the IFT52 c424C&gt;T mutation
Authors: Abeyrathna Bimsara Yohan , De Silva Deepthi , Doluweera Sandya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Short rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) includes a group of autosomal recessively inherited skeletal ciliopathy with multiorgan involvement. It has distinctive but overlapping clinical phenotypes making the clinical diagnosis difficult. Characteristic radiological features support the clinical diagnosis. Mutations affecting 35 different genes have been identified, complicating the genetic diagnosis. We report an infant presented with respiratory distress at birth, who had features to suggest SRTD. The genetic diagnosis was made using whole-exome sequencing (WES) which revealed a mutation in the IFT52 gene, confirming the diagnosis of SRTD type 16. Same mutation was previously reported once, in an Indian child who survived infancy, suggesting phenotypic heterogeneity. This case supports the use of WES in establishing a genetic diagnosis but suggests that it is not possible to make genotype-phenotype correlations for this mutation.
The Magnitude of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting and the Associated Factors among women of reproductive age in Tanzania; Analysis of the 2015–2016 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey Data
Authors: Moshi Fabiola Vincent 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is a public health challenge. The long-term effects of FGM/C are increased risk of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, recourse to episiotomy, difficult labor, obstetric tears/lacerations, instrumental delivery, prolonged labor, and extended maternal hospital stay. The study aimed at ascertaining the magnitude of FGM/C and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in Tanzania.
Method: The study was an analytical cross-sectional study using the 2015-2016 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey. A total of 5,777 women of reproductive age who responded to the question on female circumcision were included in the study. Descriptive analysis was used to establish the magnitude of FGM/C among women of reproductive age in Tanzania. Both univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to establish.
Results: The magnitude of FGM/C was 12.1% at 95%CI of 11.3% to 13%. After adjusted for confounders, factors associated with FGM/C were marital status [married (AOR=3.141, p<0.001), living with male partners (AOR=2.001, p=0.027), widowed (AOR=2.922, p=0.03)] never in union was a reference population; wealth index [poorest (AOR=2.329, p=0.001), middle (AOR=1.722, p=0.024), richer (AOR=1.831, p=0.005)] in reference to richest women; zones [Northern zone, (AOR=91.787, p<0.001), central zone, (AOR=215.07, p<0.001), southern highlands, (AOR=12.005, p<0.001), lake zone (AOR=13.927, p<0.001), eastern zone, (AOR=24.167, p<0.001)]; place of childbirth [outside health facility (AOR=1.616, p<0.001)] in reference to health facility childbirth; parity [para 5+ (AOR=2.204, p<0.001)] para one was the reference population; and opinion on whether FGM/C stopped or continued [continued (AOR =8.884, p<0.001)]
Conclusion
FGM/C among women of reproductive age is a public health problem in Tanzania. Women who were subjected to FGM/C were those who were or ever lived with male partners, those of low wealth index, those with high parity, those living in Central, Northern, Eastern, Lake, and Southern highland zones and those in support of female circumcision should continue. The study recommends an intervention study to come up with a cost-effective strategy to eradicate FGM/C in Tanzania.
Effectiveness of Sexual Health Interventions for Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
Authors:   1. Nikole Bekman Troxman Prize*,   2.	Sarit Shimony -  Kanat,   3.	Anna C. Kienski Woloski Wruble Kienski Woloski Wruble
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Nursing students' education in sexual health lacks uniformity in content and assessment skills. Although various educational interventions have been developed to bridge this gap, their effectiveness still needs to be determined.
Objectives
The current systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of sexual health educational interventions for nursing students regarding the educational content, duration, and evaluation of these interventions.
Methods
This systematic review follows the preferred reporting guidelines for systematic reviews. The initial search was performed in 2021 and replicated in 2023. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE), resulting in 610 sources. Following the screening process, thirty-two interventional studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. The quality assessment of these studies was conducted using The Effective Public Health Project tool, which was found appropriate for evaluating this type of interventional research.
Results
The studies had a global representation, although most were conducted in the USA. Only a few educational interventions involved nursing students. Three main categories emerged from the analysis of the educational interventions: one-time interventions, workshops, and semester courses. These categories differed in terms of their duration. Upon evaluating the educational intervention programs, it was found that the majority relied on participant self-reporting, while only a few included objective effectiveness tests.
Conclusions
The systematic review reveals inconsistent educational intervention programs regarding content, duration, and evaluation methods. This variability makes it difficult to assess their effectiveness in improving students' clinical skills. It emphasizes the importance of establishing standards in the field, particularly in incorporating sexual health content and developing sexual health assessment skills as integral parts of nursing students' professional training.
The Development and Effects of a Social Constructivist Approach in an Interprofessional Discomfort Care Online Education Program
Authors: Choi ﻿Young-Rim , Lee ﻿Ye-na , ﻿Kwon ﻿Dai Young , Kim ﻿Dayeong , Park ﻿Won Hee , ﻿Chang ﻿Sung Ok 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background The importance of interprofessional education (IPE) programs is increasing due to the complexity and multidimensional aspects of discomfort in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The social constructivist approach, which is helpful in IPE, has received considerable attention in education. This study aimed to develop and identify the effects of an interprofessional discomfort management online education program using a social constructivist approach.Methods Using the Network-Based Instructional System Design model, five steps were employed for online educational program development: analysis, design, production, implementation, and evaluation. We modified the framework of interprofessional discomfort care and a C3 (case-based, collaborative, and contextual learning) instructional model to construct the program. The study used a non-equivalent control group pre-post-test design with 54 interprofessional participants from four LTCFs.Results The pre-post outcomes were statistically significant for proactivity in problem-solving (t = − 2.244, p = 0.030), team outcomes (t = − 2.457, p = 0.017), and transactive memory system (t = − 3.229, p = 0.002). The results of the learners’ educational program-related satisfaction were as follows: overall degree of satisfaction, 3.67 ± 0.67; difficulty, 3.56 ± 0.82; suitability for practice, 3.83 ± 0.64, content, 3.69 ± 0.75; and educational method, 3.46 ± 0.86.Conclusions These findings support the effectiveness of the social constructivist approach education program for the awareness of discomfort care in LTCF healthcare professionals and can contribute to the improvement of IPE.
Use of a combination of diaphragmatic ultrasound and muscle relaxation monitoring in predicting post-extubation adverse respiratory events among elderly patients in an anesthesia intensive care unit
Authors: Huang Lun , Xia Bo , Cheng Lei , Hu Xian-Wen , Zheng Li-Dong , Cheng Feng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of using a combination of diaphragmatic ultrasound and muscle relaxation monitoring in predicting adverse respiratory events after extubation among elderly patients in an anesthetic intensive care unit (AICU).
Methods
The study participants were 120 elderly patients who were in the AICU after laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer. Based on whether there were critical respiratory events (CREs) after extubation, they were divided into the adverse event group and the non-adverse event group. We used logistic regression to identify factors influencing the occurrence of CREs post-extubation in elderly patients. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we analyzed the value of each indicator in predicting CREs post-extubation.
Results
We included 109 patients in the final analysis. In the adverse event group (n = 19), the age, proportion of females, and proportion of preoperative respiratory diseases were higher than in the non-adverse event group (n = 90). The muscle relaxation value, quiet breathing diaphragmatic excursion during extubation (DE-QB), deep breathing diaphragmatic excursion during extubation (DE-DB), and deep breathing diaphragmatic thickening fraction during extubation (DTF-DB) of patients in the adverse event group were significantly lower than those in the non-adverse event group (P < 0.05). Using binary logistic regression analysis, we identified muscle relaxation value, DE-DB, and DTF-DB during extubation as significant predictors of CREs post-extubation in elderly patients (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combination of the muscle relaxation value, DE-DB, and DTF-DB during extubation for predicting CREs after extubation in elderly patients was 0.949, which was higher than that of any single indicator.
Conclusion
The combination of diaphragmatic ultrasound and muscle relaxation monitoring was more accurate in predicting CREs post-extubation among elderly patients in the AICU.
Vitamin D Level as a Predictor of Dysmobility Syndrome in Middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ma yongfang , Liu Bowei , Yin Fuzai , Liu Junru , Wang Xing , Fan Dongmei , Sun Lina , Lu Lanyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the effect of 25-(OH) Vit D on Dysmobility Syndrome (DMS)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients, including 330 patients (66.96±8.78 years old) with T2DM who were admitted to the Qinhuangdao First Hospital from October 2020 to February 2022. The 25-(OH) Vit D is grouped at the 25th percentile into two groups (group A <36.2nmol/L, group B ≥ 36.2nmol/L). Data on grip strength, six meters grip strength, and level of 25-(OH) vitamin D were collected and measure bone mineral density (BMD) by Dual-energy X-ray (DXA). The incidence of DMS in patients with T2DM was 25.5%. The proportion of vitamin deficiency is 67.9% in patients with T2DM. Compared with patients without DMS, the level of 25-(OH)Vit D in patients with DMS was lower (41.74±14.60 vs 47.19±13.01, P＜0.05). With DMS as the dependent variable, Gender, age, vitamin D level, HbA1c, ALB, HDLC, eGFR, Diabetic retinopathy, diabetes nephropathy, and diabetes peripheral neuropathy were taken as independent variables, and logistic regression analysis was performed to find the independent factors, which include age (OR value=1.175，95%CI：1.110-1.243, P=0.000), low levels of 25-(OH) Vit D (OR value=2.910，95%CI：1.357-6.242, P=0.006), and higher levels of HbA1c(OR value=1.288, 95%CI: 1.085-1.529, P=0.004), they are associated with the risk of DMS’s prevalence in T2DM patients. But males reduce the risk of DMS by 51.3% (OR value=0.487, 95%CI: 0.238-0.998, P=0.05).
Neglected sleep problems: A multi-center cross-sectional study of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yu Jingya , Chen Zhixiang , Chen Yanhan , Wang Xingyu , Luo Zhongchen , Fan Jili , Chen Lingyao , Tang Jiao , Zhao Qinghua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Poor sleep quality is a prevalent problem, but in pregnant women, studies mainly explore the influence of sleep disorder on gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), and limited data detected the sleep quality among gestational diabetes mellitus women. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the sleep quality and its predictors among gestational diabetes mellitus women.
Methods
A total of 618 pregnant women with GDM were invited to participate in the survey by convenience sampling method in the obstetric clinics of four general tertiary hospitals in Chongqing from July to August 2022. Data were collected utilizing sociodemographic characteristics, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Sleep Hygiene Scale, and the Pregnancy-related Anxiety Scale (PrAS). By using linear regression analysis, the predictors of sleep quality were identified.
Results
393 women with gestational diabetes were finally included. The PSQI score was (5.83 ± 3.41). Notably, 43.77% of patients had actual sleep per night of less than 8 hours and 45.55% had poor sleep quality. Worrying during the day about your inability to fall asleep (β = 0.204, P < 0.01), body image concern (β = 0.159, P < 0.01), going to bed thirsty (β = 0.160, P < 0.01), educational attainment (β=-0.150, P < 0.01), avoidance (β = 0.124, P < 0.01), sleep disturbed by bed partner’s sleep (β = 0.126, P < 0.01), and worrying as you prepare for bed about your inability to fall asleep (β = 0.137, P < 0.01) significantly affected the sleep quality of gestational diabetes mellitus women.
Conclusions
The proportion of insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality in gestational diabetes mellitus women was exceptionally high, significantly affected by poor sleep hygiene habits and pregnancy-related anxiety. The findings may enrich the theoretical understanding of sleep quality in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and help healthcare professionals timely identify sleep disorders, accurately dock those with poor sleep quality and conduct appropriate interventions, such as developing sleep hygiene habits education programs and resources, and body image acceptance based on cognitive behavioral therapy.
The Overview of Cybercrime and Cyber Security in Nigeria and Its Future Trends
Authors: Auwal Aminu Muhammad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The prevalence of cybercrimes in Nigeria has exhibited a consistent upward trajectory in recent years. This paper aims to offer a comprehensive assessment of the rate of cybercrime and cybersecurity incidents in Nigeria over a specified period.
The study utilizes data sourced from the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) as well as a distributed survey administered to a diverse cohort of students, staff, and workers, employing basic statistical analysis and nearest neighbour analysis.
The study's findings reveal a significant surge in cybercrime rates in recent times, particularly within sectors encompassing social, financial, and educational domains, among others. The findings also underscore the persistent increase of cybercrime over time, which is largely attributed to inadequate action from government bodies, stakeholders, and regulatory agencies.
Consequently, it is recommended that law enforcement agencies and regulatory entities intensify their efforts to monitor and address these criminal activities. Ultimately, proactive initiatives should be directed towards safeguarding the most vulnerable demographic groups against cybercrime victimization.
A scoping review on the barriers to and facilitators of health services utilisation related to refugee settlement in regional or rural areas of the host country
Authors: Coumans J.V.F. , Wark S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Healthcare access and equity are human rights. Worldwide conflicts, violence, and persecution have increased the number of refugees and/or asylum seekers. Because urban areas are already densely populated, governments have aimed to increase refugee resettlement in rural and/or regional areas. Because of the complex healthcare needs of refugees, this creates challenges for healthcare service providers. Identifying barriers to accessing healthcare in rural areas is therefore important to better inform policy settings and programmes that will provide culturally appropriate patient-centred care to the refugee community.
METHODS
This review scoped 22 papers written in English between 2018 and July 2023 from five countries (Australia, New Zealand, Germany, Bangladesh, and Lebanon) in order to provide an overview of the barriers and possible solutions to facilitate refugees’ access to healthcare.
RESULTS
The reviewed literature summarised the perceptions of at least 3,561 different refugees and 259 rural health service providers and/or administrators and identified major challenges. These include communication (illiteracy in the resettlement country language and lack of a suitable interpreter), lack of cultural awareness of health services, discrimination, and access difficulties (transportation, availability of health specialist services, cost). As a consequence, it was identified that improving access to affordable housing, employment through credential recognition, competence-level education for children, facilitating language training, and adapting health information would increase resettlement and encourage access to healthcare.
CONCLUSIONS
Refugees face significant barriers to accessing and engaging with healthcare services. This impacts their integration into rural communities and increases the prevalence of psychosocial issues like feelings of loneliness, low self-esteem, a lack of autonomy, and a lack of empowerment over informed decision-making, especially for women, jobless men, and the elderly. These findings support the need for additional support for refugees and healthcare providers to improve language proficiency and cultural competency. Policymakers need to improve the availability and accessibility of employment, housing accessibility, and service mobility. Additionally, more research is needed to assess the efficacy of emerging innovative programmes that aim to close the gap by delivering culturally appropriate patient-centred care to refugee communities in rural areas.
Temporal changes of 137Cs concentrations in the Far Eastern Seas: Partitioning of 137Cs between overlying waters and sediments
Authors: Hirose Katsumi , Povinec Pavel P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Deep-ocean sediments, similarly as seawater, are important reservoirs of 137Cs, an anthropogenic radionuclide with a relatively long half-live found in the Earth system. To better understand the geochemical behavior of 137Cs in the ocean, we examined the temporal changes of 137Cs activity concentrations in the overlying waters and in sediments from the Far Eastern Seas (Sea of Japan, SOJ, and Okhotsk Sea, OS) during the period 1998 - 2021. The 137Cs activity levels showed exponential changes during the observed periods. The decay-corrected change rates of 137Cs in SOJ exhibited a slow increase during the observed period, whereas 137Cs in seawater and sediment in OS decreased gradually. This reflects a topographical difference, as SOJ is a semi-closed sea, whereas OS receives continuously inflow of subarctic waters. To elucidate the transfer processes of 137Cs from seawater to sediment, we discussed the temporal changes of the partition coefficients (Kd) of 137Cs between the overlying water and the surface sediment. In shallow areas (< 1500 m depth), Kd values were almost constant within the sampling periods, although the temporal changes in Kd values occurred in deeper waters (> 2500 m depth). The Kd values increased with increasing depth, which may reflect a pressure effect as a possible mechanism. These findings suggest that the chemical process may be important as factors controlling the transport of 137Cs between seawater and sediment, although more complicated phenomena occurred in deep waters and sediments of the SOJ (> 3000m depth).