bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the electrode conductivity on the electrolyte interfacial structuring and its implications to the Na0/+ electrochemical performance
Authors: Rakov Dmitrii , Sun Ju , Cherepanov Pavel , Arano Khryslyn , Howlett Patrick , Simonov Alexandr , Chen Fangfang , Forsyth Maria 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The molecular and ionic assemblies at an electrode/liquid electrolyte interface, i.e., electric double layer (EDL), define battery performance by directing the formation of stable interphases. An unstable interphase can hamper metal-cation diffusion, lead to continuous electrolyte consumption, and also promote non-uniform electrochemical processes, like dendrite formation. The co-selection of electrolyte chemistry and initial cycling conditions together are generally considered for the design of desirable interphases. At the same time, the dielectric nature of the electrode material is largely ignored, notwithstanding high unreliability of the assumption that the nature of the EDL and the mechanism of the interphase formation at metallic and semiconductive electrodes are identical. Here we show that the dielectric nature of the charged electrode greatly affects the interfacial metal-anion-solvent composition; therefore, different interphase chemistry will be formed, suggesting different initial cycling conditions on a case-by-case basis to form the desired interphase. This phenomenon correlates with the metal ion solvation chemistry and the adsorption of species at the electrified electrode due to competition of van der Waals and Coulombic interactions.
Standardized Criterion of Presepsin Reference Interval for Accurate and Early
Diagnosis of Sepsis
Authors: Mirza Faraz Hassan , Baig Faraz Ahmed , Syed Serajuddaula , Kumar Ashok , Shahid Moazzam Ali 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Presepsin is a soluble analog of CD14, recently validated as a new biomarker for sepsis. Different cut-off levels of Presepsin for the diagnosis of sepsis have been proposed however, the optimum threshold for early clinical discrimination of sepsis from non-infectious conditions remains unknown.

Objective:
This work was undertaken to define the reference interval of Presepsin for Sepsis according to the CLSI C28-A3c approved guideline.

Methods:
Reference individuals (N=72) receiving in-patient care at ICU for sepsis and complications were selected for the study. Presepsin concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reference limits were calculated using the non-parametric robust method.

Results:
Overall, the reference range for Presepsin in sepsis patients was 24.2 -872.2 pg/mL (90% confidence interval). Peak values for males were relatively higher than for females and the presepsin concentrations were influenced by age.

Conclusion:
Proposed reference interval could assist in accurate and early diagnosis of sepsis which would eventually improve the outcome in patients of all age groups.
Enlightening the Mechanism of Ferroptosis in Epileptic Heart
Authors: Akyüz Enes , Saleem Qamar Hakeem , Sari Çiğdem , Auzmendi Jerónimo , Lazarowski Alberto 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological degenerative disease with a high incidence,
affecting all age groups. Refractory Epilepsy (RE) occurs in approximately 30-40% of
cases with a higher risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Recent studies
have shown that spontaneous seizures developed in epilepsy can be related to an increase
in oxidative stress and reactive oxygen derivatives (ROS) production. Increasing ROS
concentration causes lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, destruction of nuclear genetic
material, enzyme inhibition, and cell death by a mechanism known as “ferroptosis” (Fts).
Inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) induces Fts, while oxidative stress is
linked with increased intracellular free iron (Fe+2) concentration. Fts is also a non-apoptotic
programmed cell death mechanism, where a hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α)
dependent hypoxic stress-like condition appears to occur with accumulation of iron and
cytotoxic ROS in affected cells. Assuming convulsive crises as hypoxic stress, repetitive
convulsive/hypoxic stress can be an effective inducer of the “epileptic heart” (EH),
which is characterized by altered autonomic function and a high risk of malignant or fatal
bradycardia. We previously reported that experimental recurrent seizures induce cardiomyocyte
Fts associated with SUDEP. Furthermore, several genes related to Fts and hypoxia
have recently been identified in acute myocardial infarction. An emerging theme
from recent studies indicates that inhibition of GPX4 through modulating expression or
activities of the xCT antiporter system (SLC7A11) governs cell sensitivity to oxidative
stress from ferroptosis. Furthermore, during hypoxia, an increased expression of stress
transcriptional factor ATF3 can promote Fts induced by erastin in a HIF-1α-dependent
manner. We propose that inhibition of Fts with ROS scavengers, iron chelators, antioxidants,
and transaminase inhibitors could provide a therapeutic effect in epilepsy and improve
the prognosis of SUDEP risk by protecting the heart from ferroptosis.
Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik) as a Source of Phenolic Compounds - their Content,
Changes during Processing, Antioxidant and Biological Activities
Authors: Amarowicz Ryszard , Pegg Ronald B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
While often recognized as a good plant protein source and a rich source of essential nutrients including
folate, iron, manganese and phosphorus, lentils (Lens culinaris L.) also contain healthful bioactive compounds.
They possess a number of phenolic compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids such as flavan-
3-ols, flavonols and anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, as well as saponins and phytic acid. This review provides
a summary of the types and levels of phenolic compounds found in the cotyledon of lentils as well as
their seed coats. The values define broad ranges due to varied cultivars, horticultural practices, climatic conditions
during lentil development, and the different phenolic extraction approaches employed. The prepared lentil
extracts were found to possess marked antioxidant activity, as assessed by in vitro assays, with the results clearly
indicating that the endogenous phenolic compounds dictated this activity. Processing of raw lentils in the
forms of cooking, germination and fermentation was determined to affect the phenolics’ contents: phenolic content
of some lentils decreased while those of others increased, most likely due to the release of bound phenolics
from the plant wall matrix. Finally, a summary of some of the positive biological activities observed for lentil
extracts from cell culture and animal studies is given.
Nanomaterials as a Potential Target for Infectious Parasitic Agents
Authors: Alsharedeh Rawan H. , Rezigue Meriem , Bashatwah Rasha M. , Amawi Haneen , Aljabali Alaa A.A. , Obeid Mohammad A. , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Despite the technological advancement in the era of personalized medicine and therapeutics
development, infectious parasitic causative agents remain one of the most challenging areas of research
and development. The disadvantages of conventional parasitic prevention and control are the emergence
of multiple drug resistance as well as the non-specific targeting of intracellular parasites, which results
in high dose concentration needs and subsequently intolerable cytotoxicity. Nanotechnology has attracted
extensive interest to reduce medication therapy adverse effects including poor bioavailability and
drug selectivity. Numerous nanomaterials-based delivery systems have previously been shown in animal
models to be effective in the treatment of various parasitic infections. This review discusses a variety of
nanomaterials-based antiparasitic procedures and techniques as well as the processes that allow them to
be targeted to different parasitic infections. This review focuses on the key prerequisites for creating
novel nanotechnology-based carriers as a potential option in parasite management, specifically in the
context of human-related pathogenic parasitic agents.
An Improved Synthesis of Disubstituted 2H-indazoles using Microwaves
Authors: Jena Sushovan , Chanda Kaushik 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Microwaves have been used to produce a practical, high-yielding, and scalable synthesis
method for producing disubstituted 2H-indazoles. With this technique, a large class of 2H-indazoles
can be effectively produced from substituted 2-bromobenzaldehyde, aromatic amine and NaN3 using
[Cu(phen)(PPh3)2]NO3 as catalysts. With outstanding purity and yields, the current one-pot synthetic
sequence enables the addition of two structural diversity points to broaden the chemical space.
Ultrasound-promoted Regioselective Synthesis of 2-aryl-quinazolinones
Using Citric Acid as a Natural and Efficient Media and Catalyst
Authors: Nikpassand Mohammad , Fekri Leila Zare 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
A three-component reaction under ultrasound irradiation and with a catalytic amount of
citric acid was presented for the synthesis of a series of 2-aryl-quinazolin-4(1H)-ones with excellent
efficiency and short reaction time. This one-pot reaction with 2-aminobenzonitrile, ammonium hydroxide
or glycine and benzaldehydes is a clean and safe route for the environment at room temperature.
Mild reaction conditions, green environment, excellent performance, simple method and reduction
of environmental consequences are the advantages of the present method. The structures of many
synthesized 2-aryl-quinazolin-4(1H)-one compounds were confirmed by 1H, 13C NMR and FTIR
spectral data and elemental analysis.
Antifungal Properties of Pinus eldarica and Pinus longifolia Fruit Extracts against Candida Species Isolated from Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients
Authors: Norouzi Zohre , Madani Mahboobeh , Amjad Leila , Shakib Pegah 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:Candidiasis is a disease with serious problems in women. With the increasing drug resistance and risks of the drugs, we investigated the effect of different cone extracts of Pinus eldarica and Pinus longifolia against Candida species isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis patients.Materials and Methods::Candida species isolated from 50 patients were identified by routine mycological methods, including morphology of corn mil agar, chromium agar, germination, and biochemical methods. The anti-candida properties of the extracts and essential oils of Pinus eldarica and Pinus longifolia were investigated using agar diffusion and microdilution test. The essential oil was then analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results:The major constituents of Pinus longifolia essential oil included 23.16% alpha-pinene, 2.59% beta-caryophyllene, 23.61% delta-3-carene, 0.24% carcin-4-hydroxy, 13.56% m-cymene, 0.45% alpha-humulene, and 2.12% junipene. The major constituents of Pinus eldarica essential oil included 29.13% alpha-pinene, 14.22% beta-caryophyllene, 11.70% delta-3-carene, -14.22% carcin-4-hydroxy, 4.29% beta-pinene, 3.59%, alpha humulene, and 8.86% junipene. The results of antifungal tests showed that aqueous, ethanolic, and methanolic extracts had a weak anti-candida effect. By changing the solvent and using petroleum ether solvent, it was found that petroleum ether extract and cone essential oil of Pinus longifolia and Pinus eldarica exhibited a relatively strong anti-candida effect.Discussion and Conclusion:Comparison of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of four extracts of Pinus longifolia and Pinus eldarica against different Candida showed that the lowest MIC and MFC were related to essential oil, petroleum ether extract, methanolic extract, ethanolic extract, and aqueous extract, respectively.
Role of Animal Models in Parkinson's Disease (PD): What Role They Play in Preclinical Translational Research
Authors: Srivastava Rajnish , Dilnashin Hagera , Kapoor Devesh , Aparna Sai , Heidarli Elmira , Singh Surya Pratap , Jain Vivek 
Published: February 2023

Background:Animal models for drug discovery and development in Parkinson ’s disease have played an important role in the characterization of the pathophysiology of diseases and associated mechanisms of injury, drug target identification, and evaluation of novel therapeutic agents for toxicity/ safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy.Objective:The review is intended to reform the scope, advantages, and limitations of various Parkinson’s Disease models and their scope in translational research. The lack of a gold standard for PD animal models presents a major challenge in devising a validation system. This review is an attempt to provide a way to adopt the validation approach for PD animal model for research.Methods:Because underlying disease mechanisms are so similar across species, it is possible to extrapolate results from Parkinson's disease studies using animal models. Furthermore, behavioural tests used to access the neurobehavioral test with its limitations were explored for rodents, non-human primates, lower-order animals, and invertebrates. The role of gender selectivity and non-selectivity is the one major concern in PD model validation that is addressed in the review.Results:The rigorous validation has been done on animal models for Parkinson's disease (PD) based on comparisons to the human state. Regarding toxicological and safety investigations in PD, non-animal options must be thoroughly validated. There are both advantages and disadvantages to using animal models of Parkinson's disease as proof-of-concept research.Conclusion:The specific animal model selected for a given drug to be tested and developed depends on the goal of the specific study.
Inter-organ Crosstalk and the Effect on the Aging Process in Obesity
Authors: Armutcu Ferah , Ozen Oguz Aslan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Aging is characterized by progressive regression in tissue and organ functions and an increased
risk of disease and death. Aging is also accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation.
Both obesity and aging are associated with the development of metabolic diseases, leading to an
increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose
tissue is one of the mechanisms implicated in the progression of these diseases. As a real endocrine
organ, adipose tissue secretes many mediators and hormones (adipokines) to maintain metabolic
homeostasis, and their dysfunction has been causally linked to a wide range of metabolic
diseases. Dysfunctional adipose tissue participates in interorgan communication both by producing
new signaling mediators and by transforming or disrupting signal mediators, reaching from other
organs. In addition to obesity and similar metabolic diseases, this situation causes dysfunction in
more organs in the aging process, and the complexity of the problem causes challenges in the diagnosis
and treatment processes. This review aims to highlight recent developments and current information
supporting the relationship between obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction with aging
and the role of homeostatic and physio-pathological processes that mediate interorgan communication
in aging progress. More understanding clearly of interorgan communication in the process of
obesity and aging will facilitate the early diagnosis as well as the management of treatment practices
in short- and long-term organ dysfunction.
In vitro/In vivo Evaluation of Elastic Nano-lipid Carriers of Aztreonam for
Pneumonic Lungs
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayani 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The liposomal inhalation of drugs has been extensively researched for the
invasion of biofilms and macrophages in the infected lungs.

Objective:
The present study aimed to explore the in vitro and in vivo effects of elastic nano-lipid
vesicles of aztreonam for pulmonary delivery.

Methods:
Elastic nano lipid vesicles of the drug were successfully prepared with the commonly
abundant lung phospholipids (LIPOID S PC-3, LIPOID PC 16:0/16:0), cholesterol, and span 20.
Four such formulations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, in vitro diffusion, and
cytotoxicity. The best formulation was subjected to stability, in vivo drug deposition on the pneumonic
lungs, and histopathological studies.

Results:
The characterization of the lipid vesicles in terms of particle size, zeta potential, and surface
morphology confirmed the formation of stable nanolipid vesicles of the drug. The presence of
surfactant in the lipid vesicles exhibited high bilayer stability, entrapment, and diffusion of the
drug. The in vitro diffusion study revealed the biphasic characteristic with an initial burst, followed
by sustenance for 8 h. A remarkable drug uptake was observed in the epithelial cell line of
CHO Cricetulus griseus in the presence of surfactant. The drug was retained on the pneumonic
lungs for 8 h. The histopathological study of lung tissue revealed that surfactant-based lipid vesicles
could attenuate lung fibrosis significantly.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that elastic nano lipid vesicular system of aztreonam could be a
paradigm for targeting and localization of the drug with a long residence time in the lungs.
A Comprehensive Review on Potentially Therapeutic Agents against
COVID-19 from Natural Sources
Authors: Shahali Ali , Azar Zahra Jafari , Ardeshir Rashid Alijani 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the recent pandemic
and worldwide outbreak of respiratory disease. Since there are no known specific drugs for
fighting this virus and the process for new drug development is lengthy, scientists have been trying
to develop drugs against this viral infection. The potent antiviral activity of natural products has
been confirmed in several previous studies. Viral and host proteins contributing to COVID-19 infections
can be targeted by natural compounds derived from plants, marine organisms, and microorganisms.
The most important of these compounds are polyphenols (e.g., anthraquinone polyphenol,
hinokinin, curcumin, and epigallocatechin gallate), alkaloids (e.g., isoquinoline, 10-
hydroxyusambarensine, anisotine, and adhatodine), and terpenoids (salvinorin A, thymoquinone,
bilobalide, ginkgolide A, and celastrol) from plants, sulphated polysaccharides (carrageenans,
chondroitin sulfate C, and fucoidan) from marine organisms, and glycocin F and lactococcin G phycocyanin,
and lipopeptide from microorganisms. This study reviews these compounds and their
mechanism of action for treating COVID-19 infection and guides researchers in developing effective
and safe therapeutic agents against this disease from naturally derived compounds.
An Exploratory Study on Code Smells during Code Review in OSS
Projects: A Case Study on OpenStack and WikiMedia
Authors: Nanthaamornphong Aziz , Boonchieng Ekkarat 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Open-source software (OSS) has become an important choice for developing
software applications, and its usage has exponentially increased in recent years. Although
many OSS systems have shown high reliability in terms of their functionality, they often exhibit
several quality issues. Since most developers focus primarily on meeting clients’ functional requirements
within the appropriate deadlines, the outcome suffers from poor design and implementation
practices. This issue can also manifest as software code smells, resulting in a variety of
quality issues such as software maintainability, comprehensibility, and extensibility. Generally
speaking, OSS developers use code reviews during their software development to discover flaws
or bugs in the updated code before it is merged with the code base. Nevertheless, despite the
harmful impacts of code smells on software projects, the extent to which developers do consider
them in the code review process is unclear in practice.

Methods:
To better understand the code review process in OSS projects, we gathered the comments
of code reviewers who specified where developers should fix code smells in two OSS projects,
OpenStack and WikiMedia, between 2011 and 2015.

Results:
Our findings indicate that most code reviewers do not pay much attention to code smells.
Only a few code reviewers have attempted to motivate developers to improve their source code
quality in general. The results also show that there is an increasing tendency to provide advice
concerning code smells corrections over time.

Conclusion:
We believe that this study's findings will encourage developers to use new software
engineering practices, such as refactoring, to reduce code smells when developing OSS.
ONE NATION-DIFFERENT FATES: KAZAKHSTAN IN PURSUIT OF CULTURAL IDENTITY
Authors: Aktolkyn Kulsariyeva, Zhanerke Shaigozova, Madina Sultanova,  
Published: February 2023

Brief meaning: This article provides analysis of experience which modern Kazakhstan went through in process of determination of its own identity and place in the world in midst of rising globalization. Attempts to restore and safeguard the national identity become common practice in post-soviet countries including Kazakhstan. The transition from soviet identity to its own identity and recognition of being “Kazakhstani” proved to be quite challenging. This article focuses on problems of cultural self-recognition in Kazakhstan, in pursuit of its own unique identity through overcoming barriers that resulted during course of historical development artificially raised by Kazakhs themselves.
An Integrated Digital Health Care Platform for Diabetes Management With AI-Based Dietary Management: 48-Week Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee You-Bin , Kim Gyuri , Jun Ji Eun , Park Hyunjin , Lee Woo Je , Hwang You-Cheol , Kim Jae Hyeon 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
We investigated the efficacy of an integrated digital health care platform with artificial intelligence (AI)–based dietary management in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this 48-week, open-label, randomized, multicenter clinical trial, overweight or obese adults with T2D were randomly assigned to one of three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio: group A received routine diabetes care; group B used the digital integrated health care platform by themselves; and group C used the platform with feedback from medical staff and intermittently applied personal continuous glucose monitoring. The primary end point was the difference of change in HbA1c from baseline to 24 weeks between groups A and B, while secondary end points included changes in HbA1c from baseline to 48 weeks and changes in body weight during follow-up.

RESULTS
A total of 294 participants were randomly assigned to group A (n = 99), B (n = 97), or C (n = 98). The decreases in HbA1c from baseline to 24 and 48 weeks in group B (−0.32 ± 0.58% to 24 weeks and −0.28 ± 0.56% to 48 weeks) and group C (−0.49 ± 0.57% to 24 weeks and −0.44 ± 0.62% to 48 weeks) were significantly larger than those in group A (−0.06 ± 0.61% to 24 weeks and 0.07 ± 0.78% to 48 weeks). Groups B and C exhibited greater weight loss than group A from baseline to 24 weeks, and group C demonstrated more weight loss than group A from baseline to week 48.

CONCLUSIONS
Among adults with T2D, use of an integrated digital health care platform with AI-driven dietary management resulted in better glycemia and more weight loss.