bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
You just want a break from the hatred of failure: The lived experience of being a student physiotherapist perfectionist and considerations for educators
Authors: McKay Jane , Williams Kim , Stewart Jennie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Perfectionism is a personality orientation associated with mental health and adjustment problems. Recent evidence demonstrates that perfectionism is widespread among students and on the rise, with recent generations of students placing increasingly more importance on perfection. Whilst the extant literature is vast, it tends to focus on psychopathology and identification of perfectionism correlates rather than the experience of student perfectionism. Furthermore, the education literature, is scant and there is a need to understand the deeper processes and nuances of perfectionism, particularly within health professions education where high study demands, competition to gain entry to educational programmes, and professional cultures may nurture the problem. This phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of physiotherapy students as they wrestled with perfectionism in the various facets of their studies. Participants were ten physiotherapy students with elevated perfectionism. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken and participants completed log sheets to document perfectionism-related experiences. Idiographic profiles were composed and interview transcripts were analysed, drawing upon features of both phenomenological and thematic analysis. Perfectionism was found to have toxic consequences for the learning experience. Harmful phenomenological experiences included perpetual and excessive achievement striving, punitive self-criticism and health and wellbeing difficulties. A range of sabotaging learning behaviours such as self-handicapping and feedback avoidance was also illuminated, and cultural and organisational influences perceived to foster perfectionism emerged. Findings are discussed in relation to underlying processes and implications for educators. The prospect of findings transferring to other educational contexts is highlighted.
Persistent endothelial dysfunction in post-COVID-19 syndrome and its associations with symptom severity and chronic inflammation
Authors: Kuchler Timon , Günthner Roman , Ribeiro Andrea , Hausinger Renate , Streese Lukas , Wöhnl Anna , Kesseler Veronika , Negele Johanna , Assali Tarek , Carbajo-Lozoya Javier , Lech Maciej , Adorjan Kristina , Stubbe Hans Christian , Hanssen Henner , Kotilar Konstantin , Haller Berhard , Heemann Uwe , Schmaderer Christoph 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is a lingering disease with ongoing symptoms such as fatigue and cognitive impairment resulting in a high impact on the daily life of patients. Understanding the pathophysiology of PCS is a public health priority, as it still poses a diagnostic and treatment challenge for physicians.
Methods
In this prospective observational cohort study, we analyzed the retinal microcirculation using Retinal Vessel Analysis (RVA) in a cohort of patients with PCS and compared it to an age- and gender-matched healthy cohort (n=41, matched out of n = 204).
Measurements and main results
PCS patients exhibit persistent endothelial dysfunction (ED), as indicated by significantly lower venular flicker-induced dilation (vmax; 3.42% ± 1.77% vs. 4.64 % ± 2.59%; p = 0.02), narrower central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE; 178.1 [167.5 - 190.2] vs. 189.1 [179.4 - 197.2], p = 0.01) and lower arteriolar-venular ratio (AVR; (0.84 [0.8 - 0.9] vs. 0.88 [0.8 - 0.9], p = 0.007). When combining AVR and vmax, predicted scores reached good ability to discriminate groups (area under the curve: 0.75). Higher PCS severity scores correlated with lower AVR (R= -0.37 p = 0.017). The association of microvascular changes with PCS severity were amplified in PCS patients exhibiting higher levels of inflammatory parameters.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that prolonged endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of PCS, and impairments of the microcirculation seem to explain ongoing symptoms in patients. As potential therapies for PCS emerge, RVA parameters may become relevant as clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy management.
Trial Registration
This study was previously registered at ClinicalTrials (“All Eyes on PCS - Analysis of the Retinal Microvasculature in Patients With Post-COVID-19 Syndrome”. NCT05635552. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05635552).
TMEM147 aggravates the progression of HCC by modulating cholesterol homeostasis, suppressing ferroptosis, and promoting M2 polarization of TAMs
Authors: Huang Jingjing , Pan Huayang , Sun Jing , Wu Jiaming , Xuan Qiyue , Wang Jinge , Ke Shanjia , Lu Shounan , Li Zihao , Feng Zhigang , Hua Yongliang , Yu Qingan , Yin Bing , Qian Baolin , Zhou Menghua , Xu Yanan , Bai Miaoyu , Zhang Yingmei , Wu Yaohua , Ma Yong , Jiang Hongchi , Dai Wenjie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates critical processes, including lipid synthesis, which can be affected by transmembrane proteins localized in the ER membrane. One of them, the transmembrane protein 147 (TMEM147) has been recently implicated for its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis, though the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of TMEM147 in HCC and its underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Expression of TMEM147 was examined in human HCC and adjacent non-tumorous tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The effects of TMEM147 on HCC progression were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Proteins interacting with TMEM147 were identified using RNAseq analysis, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry analyses. Lipidomic analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to identify and analyze cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) contents. Comprehensive experimental methods were used to demonstrate ferroptosis in HCC cells. The fatty acid content of macrophages affected by TMEM147 was quantified using ELISA. Macrophage phenotypes were determined using various assays, such as immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry analysis.
Results: TMEM147 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in HCC, and increased TMEM147 expression was associated with poor survival. TMEM147 promoted tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. It was found to interact with the key sterol reductase DHCR7, which affected cellular cholesterol homeostasis and increased extracellular 27HC levels in HCC. TMEM147 promoted the expression of DHCR7 by enhancing the activity of the transcription factor, STAT2. 27HC upregulated the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 in HCC, leading to ferroptosis resistance and promotion of HCC proliferation. HCC cell-derived 27HC activated PPARγ signaling and enhanced lipid metabolism in macrophages, thereby activating M2 polarization, and then promoted the invasion and migration of HCC.
Conclusions: Our results indicated that TMEM147 confers ferroptosis resistance and M2 macrophage polarization, which are mainly dependent on the upregulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis and 27HC secretion, leading to cancer growth and metastasis. Our findings suggest that the TMEM147/STAT2/DHCR7/27HC axis in the tumor microenvironment may serve as a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
Spin Injection Efficiency in the Topological Insulator and Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Structure
Authors: Pak Myong Chol , Ri Un Chol , Jong Yong Gwang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We discuss spin transport in topological insulator (TI) and diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) heterogeneous structures. In DMS / FM (Ferromagnetic Metal) heterogeneous structure, the spin injection efficiency changes according to the electric field and Fermi energy were investigated. Thehigher electric field, the stronger spin injection efficiency, and its velocity of increase gets lower and approaches to the equilibrium state. Additionally, the higher interface conductivity, the weaker spin injection efficiency, and the transmission due to Fermi energy of spin up and spin down is different from each other. In the same structure, the spin injection efficiency changes depending on the magnetic field, and the spin injection efficiency vibrates sensitively according to the magnetic field. In TI / DMS heterogeneous structure, the spin current changes according to magnetic field were investigated. Here, when the magnetic field is low, the spin current oscillates, and as the magnetic field increases, the vibration is attenuated. It also decreases with increasing temperature and weakens vibrations. This is due to the competitive effect of the chiral properties of Dirac type quasiparticles in the topological insulator and the unique properties of exchange interaction between electrons and ions in DMS. This result allows us to expect the possibility of spintronic devices with high sensitivity to magnetic field.
Contribution to the study of ammonium leaching and its influencing factors in the soils of Al-Sin Lake Catchment, Banias, Syria
Authors: Mahalla Dia , Shahin Haytham , Ghaffar Muhammad , Dais Maher , Ibrahim Kinan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, the sites of Beit Aana, Al-Qutailbiya, Quorfase and Al-Waha Spring were characterized by high levels of leaching whereas the highest concentrations of ammonium leaching were measured in December 2019 and March 2020, ranging between 5.74 and 5.81 mg/L. However, the lowest concentration (0.97 mg/L) was recorded in February 2020 in the sites of Bestwair, Beit Al-Alouni, Geiboul and Al-Rahbeyia with lower levels of leaching. The highest concentrations of ammonium leaching were obtained during November 2019 and April 2020, ranging between 3.51 and 4.31 mg/L whilst the lowest concentration of ammonium (0.59 mg/L) was determined in January 2020. It was found that the levels of ammonium leaching decreased with depth. The statistical study showed a correlation between ammonium leaching and the following variables: organic matter (OM), the saturated hydraulic conductivity (SHC) and pH. Regression equations representing ammonium leaching in soil horizons and their role were also obtained.
Quantitative study of biofilm yield and biomass distribution of a multi-stage moving-bed biofilm system
Authors: Chen Ning , Wang Xiaodong , Huang Mei , Maletskyi Zakhar , Ratnaweera Harsha , Bi Xuejun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

A multi-stage anoxic/oxic (A/O) moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system with multiple chambers was established for municipal wastewater treatment. The active biomass quantity, bioactivity, and biomass yield of a pilot-scale multi-stage MBBR were investigated in this study. The microbial activity and heterotrophic yield coefficients (YH) were measured using respirometric techniques in each chamber at different temperature conditions. Meanwhile, the growth, nitrification, and denitrification rates of functional biomass were also quantified as specific respiration rate (SOUR). The total active biomass in the multi-stage A/O-MBBR system was 0.71–1.68 g COD/m2 for the aerobic reactor and 0.39–1.44 g COD/m2 for the anoxic reactor at 10–19 °C. The YH values for the anoxic reactors were 0.61–0.69, which were comparable to the recommended value of the activated sludge model (ASM1). The correlation coefficient between Nitrospira and the autotrophic specific respiration rate (SOURA) was 0.82. Meanwhile, denitrifying genera showed a significant correlation with the heterotrophic specific respiration rate (SOURH) and the active heterotrophic biomass (XH). This study provided insights into biomass distribution and the corresponding kinetic parameters for the multi-stage MBBR systems, which may serve as a reference for process design and trouble shooting.
Screening and Activity Evaluation of Novel BCR-ABL/T315I Tyrosine
Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Su Jie , Fu Chenggong , Wang Shuo , Chen Xuelian , Wang Runan , Shi Huaihuai , Li Jiazhong , Wang Xin 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a kind of malignant tumor
formed by the clonal proliferation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. BCR-ABL
fusion protein, found in more than 90% of patients, is a vital target for discovering anti-
CML drugs. Up to date, imatinib is the first BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved
by the FDA for treating CML. However, the drug resistance problems appeared
for many reasons, especially the T135I mutation, a "gatekeeper" of BCR-ABL. Currently,
there is no long-term effective and low side effect drug in clinical.

Methods:
This study intends to find novel TKIs targeting BCR-ABL with high inhibitory
activity against T315I mutant protein by combining artificial intelligence technology and
cell growth curve, cytotoxicity, flow cytometry and Western blot experiments.

Results:
The obtained compound was found to kill leukemia cells, which had good inhibitory
efficacy in BaF3/T315I cells. Compound no 4 could induce cell cycle arrest, cause
autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibit the phosphorylation of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase,
STAT5 and Crkl proteins.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that the screened compound could be used as a lead compound
for further research to discover ideal chronic myeloid leukemia therapeutic drugs.
Discovery of Novel Cysteine Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of
Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: De Surya K. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The application describes compounds, such as compounds of general Formula,
with warheads and their use in treating medical diseases or disorders, such as viral infections.
Pharmaceutical compositions and synthetic methods of various compounds with
warheads are included. The compounds are inhibitors of proteases, such as the 3C, CL- or
3CL-like protease.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of 2,6-Naphthyridine Derivatives: A Mini Review
Authors: Wójcicka Anna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The broad spectrum of biological activity of 2,6-naphthyridine, one of the six
structural isomers of pyridopyridine, is the main reason for the development of new compounds
containing this scaffold. This review paper aims to present various methods for obtaining
2,6-naphthyridine analogues and their biological activity, which have been reported
in the scientific literature. Compounds containing the 2,6-naphthyridine moiety can be isolated
from plants or obtained synthetically from various substrates: pyridine derivatives,
other heterocyclic derivatives, or acyclic compounds. Biological investigations have shown
that these compounds exhibit various biological activity; among others, they have an effect
on the central nervous system or anticancer or antimicrobial activity.
LncRNA CAI2 Contributes to Poor Prognosis of Glioma through the
PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jiang Yu , Zhang Jinhui , Yu Shengjin , Zheng Linlin , Shen Yue , Ju Weiwei , Lin Lijuan 
Published: May 2023

Aims:
We aim to explore new potential therapeutic targets and markers in human glioma

Background:
Gliomas are the most common malignant primary tumor in the brain.

Objective:
In the present research, we evaluated the effect of CAI2, a long non-coding RNA, on
the biological behaviors of glioma and explored the related molecular mechanism.

Methods:
The expression of CAI2 was analyzed using qRT-PCR in 65 cases of glioma patients. The
cell proliferation was determined with MTT and colony formation assays, and the PI3K-AKt signaling
pathway was analyzed using western blot.

Results:
CAI2 was upregulated in human glioma tissue compared with the matched, adjacent nontumor
tissue and was correlated with WHO grade. Survival analyses proved that the overall survival
of patients with high CAI2 expression was poor compared to that of patients with low CAI2 expression.
High CAI2 expression was an independent prognostic factor in glioma. The absorbance
values in the MTT assay after 96 h were .712 ± .031 for the si-control and .465 ± .018 for the si-
CAI2-transfected cells, and si-CAI2 inhibited colony formation in U251 cells by approximately
80%. The levels of PI3K, p-AKt, and AKt in si-CAI2-treated cells were decreased.

Conclusion:
CAI2 may promote glioma growth through the PI3K-AKt signaling pathway. This
research provided a novel potential diagnostic marker for human glioma.
Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway Genes of Circulating Blood Neutrophils Triggered
during HIV Infection and Remained Stimulated in ART Patients
Authors: Munshi Saif Ullah , Muraduzzaman A K M , Islam Nabeela Mahboob , Tabassum Shahina 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The intrinsic apoptotic pathway of neutrophils in Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) infection results in spontaneous neutrophil death. There is a scarcity of data regarding
the gene expression of an intrinsic apoptotic pathway of neutrophils in HIV patients.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to observe the differential expression of some important
genes involved in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway of HIV patients, including those who were receiving
antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods:
Blood samples were collected from asymptomatic, symptomatic, ART receiver HIV patients,
and healthy individuals. Total RNA was extracted from neutrophils and subjected to quantitative
real-time PCR assay. CD4+T cells and an automated complete blood count were performed.

Results:
Among the asymptomatic, symptomatic, and ART receiver HIV patients (n=20 in each
group), median CD4+T counts were 633, 98, and 565 cells/ml, and the length of HIV infection in
months (± SD) was 24.06 ± 21.36, 62.05 ± 25.51, and 69.2 ± 39.67, respectively. Compared with
healthy controls, intrinsic apoptotic pathway genes, i.e., BAX, BIM, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, MCL-1,
and Calpain-1, were upregulated to 1.21 ± 0.33, 1.8 ± 0.25, 1.24 ± 0.46, 1.54 ± 0.21, 1.88 ± 0.30,
and 5.85 ± 1.34 fold in the asymptomatic group, and even more significantly, i.e., 1.51 ± 0.43, 2.09
± 1.13, 1.85 ± 1.22, 1.72 ± 0.85, 2.26 ± 1.34, and 7.88 ± 3.31 fold in symptomatic patients, respectively.
Despite CD4+ T-cell levels increased in the ART receiver group, these genes did not approach
the level of healthy or asymptomatic and remained significantly upregulated.

Conclusion:
The genes involved in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in circulating neutrophils during
HIV infection were stimulated in vivo, and ART reduced the expression of those upregulated genes
but did not return to the level of asymptomatic or healthy individuals.
Scaffold-hopping of Linifanib to Design 6-phenylisoxazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine
Derivatives as FLT3 Inhibitors for Treating Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wu Shi-Han , Ma Yi-Yuan , Yang Li-Jin , Cao Yu-Hao , Tong Zhen-Jiang , Wu Jia-Zhen , Wang Yi-Bo , Sha Jiu-Kai , Ding Ning , Liang Qiao-Li , Chang Liang , Wang Xiao-Long , Duan Jin-Ao , Yu Yan-Cheng , Dai Wei-Chen , Xie Ke , Leng Xue-Jiao , Xue Xin , Sun Shan-Liang , Li Nian-Guang , Shi Zhi-Hao 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of blood cancer. Fmslike
tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a member of the class III receptor tyrosine kinase family. Overexpression
of FLT3 was found in 70-100% of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. FLT3 internal tandem duplication
alteration (ITD) and the tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) are the most common molecular alteration in
AML, and FLT3 has become a promising drug target for AML.

Objective:
A series of 6-phenylisoxazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine derivatives F1–F15 with amide bonds as
FLT3 inhibitors were designed and synthesized in order to find a new lead compound to treat AML.

Methods:
We designed an original scaffold-hopping protocol by combing the RECAP tool with the
Gilde-Based Core-Hopping tool to design novel FLT3 inhibitors based on Linifanib. Inhibitors assembled
were ranked by the docking scores generated by Glide. Compounds undisclosed among the top 10 were
selected to design a series of 6-phenylisoxazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine derivatives as FLT3 inhibitors.
The kinase inhibitory activities of the fifteen compounds were assayed on FLT3 and FLT3-ITD. The antitumor
activities of the structurally modified compounds F1–F15 were evaluated against MOLM-13 and
MV4-11, typical FLT3-dependent human AML cells carrying FLT3-ITD mutants and the FLT3-
independent human cervical carcinoma cell line HL-60 (harboring wide-type FLT3).

Results:
Structure–activity relationship (SAR) analysis showed that F14 could inhibit FLT3 and FLT3-
ITD by 52% and 45.55%, respectively, at the concentration of 1 mΜ. F14 exhibited potent activity
against FLT3-dependent human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines, MOLM-13, and MV4-11 (harboring
FLT3-ITD mutant) with IC50 values of 2.558 μM and 1.785 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:
F14 could be used as a novel lead compound to further develop FLT3 inhibitors against
AML with FLT3-ITD mutant.
Berberine Contents as a Quality Marker in Medicinal Plants and
Amounts of Berberine Passing into Serum
Authors: Cansu  Aydın Sabire , Kalaycıoğlu Zeynep , Erim F. Bedia 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Berberine is an alkaloid found in some medicinal plants. Berberine-containing plants have traditionally been used in the treatment of diseases since ancient times. Berberine is a natural compound that has an important place in traditional Chinese medicine. Currently, berberine is being evaluated extensively in clinical trials and is one of the natural products on which most scientific research studies have been published. Numerous clinical and pharmacological research results have been published on the therapeutic effect of berberine against cancer, diabetes, and heart disease

Objective:
The first purpose of this review is to display the berberine content of plants found in different regions of the world, and the second purpose is to provide the amount of berberine passing into the serum.

Methods:
Herbal supplements and extracts prepared from plants containing berberine are commercially marketed. The content of berberine in plants varies widely, and berberine is a quality indicator for many medicinal plants.

Results:
Different analytical methods have been developed for reliable berberine analysis. Plant and serum berberine levels reported between the years 2013 and 2022 in journals covered by SCI are collected in this review article.

Conclusion:
We hope that this overview of berberine amounts will be useful in future pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic studies.
Optimization of RST Controller for Speed Control of Linear Induction
Motor Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Laid Khettache , Djalal Djarah , Ghania Zidani , Rachid Abdessemed 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In this study, a new model of linear induction motor, along with the impact
of end-effect on motor performance, is proposed. Moreover, a new strategy of control approach
based on the polynomial RST controller is suggested and investigated.

Objective:
The proposed approach can provide a robust control strategy and overcome the limitations
imposed by the proportional-integral (PI) regulator in the FOC technique. RST controller has a
two-degree of freedom structure and consists of three polynomials, namely R, S and T, which are
determined by the pole placement method and resolving of a Diophantine equation. Despite this, the
implementation of this method is usually difficult and becomes more complicated with the complexity
of the controlled plants.

Methods:
This study proposes the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization strategy for tuning RST controller
parameters (adjust the controller coefficients) in order to achieve an adequate response time
by minimizing the different objective functions, such as steady-state error, settling time, and rise
time.

Results:
The accuracy and control performance of the proposed technique are checked and validated
using Matlab /Simulink environment software tool. Simulation results reported that the proposed
method (RST-GA) could provide robust solutions with perfect reference tracking and efficient disturbance
rejection.

Conclusion:
These significant results make the proposed approach a promising technique for the
design of a high-performance controller, which is highly suitable for industrial and electrical applications.