bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaboration in the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: A survey of joint working in UK clinical practice
Authors: Savage Laura , Kaul Arvind , Gorecki Patricia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTreatment guidelines for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis consider all skin and joint domains and recommend collaborative multidisciplinary team (MDT) working. The uptake of joint working in clinical practice for psoriatic disease management has not been well studied.ObjectivesThis United Kingdom (UK) study aimed to provide a better understanding of current working patterns and collaborating specialities, as well as benefits and challenges of combined clinics.MethodsAn online survey was emailed to dermatology and rheumatology healthcare professionals (HCPs) using professional networks.ResultsResponses were received between October 2020 and April 2021 (N = 80); 60.0% of respondents worked in dermatology and 40.0% in rheumatology. Use of combined clinics with dermatology was reported by 40.6% of rheumatology HCPs, including joint (25.0%), parallel (3.1%) and virtual clinics (6.3%), and MDT meetings (6.2%). Similarly, 50.1% of dermatology HCPs reported use of joint (25.0%), parallel (4.2%) and virtual clinics (2.1%), single visits (2.1%), and MDT meetings (16.7%) with rheumatology. Around one‐quarter of respondents collaborated via email, which was also the main method of collaboration with other specialists. Overall, one‐quarter of respondents reported no collaboration in psoriatic disease management. Perceived benefits of combined clinics included shared knowledge, improved patient outcomes and increased patient satisfaction. Challenges included difficulties in aligning clinician time and geographical location, as well as limited ‘buy‐in’ from senior management. Most respondents felt that the COVID‐19 pandemic had partially or significantly impacted combined clinics.ConclusionsThis study is one of the first to survey collaborative working in psoriatic disease management and the first in the UK. These findings demonstrate the variety of approaches used and a lack of collaborative working by one‐quarter of respondents. Despite the benefits, numerous challenges in establishing formal arrangements exist. More evidence is needed to demonstrate improved patient outcomes with collaborative working and to standardise best practice.
Improving spreading projection algorithm for rapid k‐space sampling trajectories through minimized off‐resonance effects and gridding of low frequencies
Authors: Giliyar Radhakrishna Chaithya , Daval‐Frérot Guillaume , Massire Aurélien , Vignaud Alexandre , Ciuciu Philippe 
Published: May 2023

PurposeNon‐Cartesian MRI with long arbitrary readout directions are susceptible to off‐resonance artifacts due to patient induced inhomogeneities. This results in degraded image quality with strong signal losses and blurring. Current solutions to address this issue involve correcting the off‐resonance artifacts during image reconstruction or reducing inhomogeneities through improved shimming.TheoryThe recently developed SPARKLING algorithm is extended to drastically diminish off‐resonance artifacts by generating temporally smooth k‐space sampling patterns. For doing so, the cost function which is optimized in SPARKLING is modified using a temporal weighting factor. Additionally, oversampling of the center of k‐space beyond the Nyquist criteria is prevented through the use of gridded sampling in the region, enforced with affine constraints.MethodsProspective k‐space data was acquired at 3 T on new trajectories, and we show robustness to inhomogeneities through in silico experiments by adding through artificial degradation of system shimming. Later on, in vivo experiments were carried out to optimize parameters of the new improvements and benchmark the gain in performance.ResultsThe improved trajectories allowed for the recovery of signal dropouts observed on original SPARKLING acquisitions at larger field inhomogeneities. Furthermore, imposing gridded sampling at the center of k‐space provided improved reconstructed image quality with limited artifacts.ConclusionThese advancements allowed us for nearly shorter scan time compared to GRAPPA‐p4x1, allowing us to reach 600 µm isotropic resolution in 3D ‐w imaging in just 3.3 min at 3 T with negligible degradation in image quality.
Rigid‐body‐spring network model for failure simulation of reinforced‐concrete members under various loading rates
Authors: Choo Bonhwi , Hwang Young Kwang , Bolander John E. , Lim Yun Mook 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA method was developed to simulate the failure of reinforced concrete (RC) subjected to high‐loading rates using a three‐dimensional (3D) rigid‐body‐spring network (RBSN) model. The viscoplastic damage (VPD) and viscoelastic damage (VED) models were used to consider the rate dependence of the concrete. The rate dependence of the reinforcing bars was expressed using an empirical formula. The reinforcing bars were represented by a computationally efficient, semi‐discrete method within the 3D RBSN that allowed for bar positioning, irrespective of the background mesh used to represent the concrete. The residual deformation of the RC structure was expressed based on considerations of the plastic strains of the reinforcing bars. Various simulations were conducted to verify the developed model, including four‐point bending test simulations of RC beams subjected to high loading rates. A comparison of the result to those of experiments and previous simulations demonstrated the importance of the rate dependence of the reinforcing bar behavior within the simulation framework. Furthermore, RC slabs subjected to high loading rates were simulated to verify that the crack patterns and residual deformation of the RC slabs, as well as the rate dependence of the reinforcing bars, were suitably expressed in comparison with experimental results.
The relationship between trust, belief and adherence among patients who complain of hypertension in Ghana
Authors: Konlan Kennedy Dodam , Konlan Kennedy Diema , Abdulai Juliana Asibi , Saah Joel Afram , Doat Abdul Razak , Amoah Roberta Mensima , Mohammed Iddrisu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimWe determined the relationship between trust, belief and adherence among patients who complain of hypertension in Ghana.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used.MethodWe sampled 447 Ghanaians with hypertension receiving care at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. Data were collected using a pre‐tested self‐administered questionnaire. Data analyses were conducted with the aid of Stata 15.0.ResultsThere is low belief and trust in the biomedical treatment for hypertension. Only 36.9% of the respondents said they adhered to treatment with females expressing higher level of adherence. Trust and belief in allopathic care were associated with adherence to treatment. It is recommended that health workers identify effective ways of improving patients' trust in the allopathic care for hypertension through teaching and re‐enforcement models to enhance treatment adherence and reduce the complications of hypertension.Patient or Public Contribution.
Identification of cuproptosis‐related subtypes and tumor microenvironment characteristics in colon cancer
Authors: Han Hao , Jin Ye , Yan Haihao , Liu Zheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCuproptosis is a form of regulated cell death, which is characterized by the lethal accumulation of excessive copper in cells. However, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains elusive. Our study aimed to decipher the biological function of cuproptosis‐related genes (CRGs) in patients with COAD. The expression data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, while the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to verify the results. A total of eight differentially expressed CRGs were selected from patients with COAD. Subsequently, patients were stratified into three subtypes with distinct clinical and biological features. In view of the huge differences in the prognosis between subtypes A and C, we selected them for further study, including the variations in clinical progressions, oncogenic pathways, and immune cell infiltration. For the sake of better evaluation, we also established a cuproptosis index (CI) to quantify the heterogeneity of CRGs expression. Enrichment analysis showed that the high‐CI group was enriched in immune activation pathways. Meanwhile, the immunosuppressive cell infiltration and immune checkpoints were elevated in the high‐CI group. The CI we constructed had its predicting function in different clinical groups. Besides, we noticed that CRGs, especially CDKN2A, were closely related to the clinical progression in patients with COAD and immune cell infiltration in tumors. Moreover, CDKN2A could become a potential novel target for immunotherapy in the setting of COAD.
An architecture refactoring approach to reducing software hierarchy complexity
Authors: Zhao Yongxin , Wu Wenhan , Fei Yuan , Liu Zhihao , Li Yang , Yang Yilong , Shi Ling , Zhang Bo 
Published: May 2023

SummarySoftware complexity is the very essence of computer programming. As the complexity increases, the potential risks and defects of software systems will increase. This makes the software correctness analysis and the software quality improvement more difficult. In this paper, we present a quantitative metric to describe the complexity of a hierarchical software and a Complexity‐oriented Software Architecture Refactoring (CoSSR) approach to reduce the complexity. The main idea is to identify and then reassemble subcomponents into one hierarchical component, which achieves minimum complexity in terms of the solution algorithm. Moreover, our algorithm can be improved by introducing partition constraint, heuristic search strategy, and spectral clustering. We implement the proposed method as an automated refactoring tool and demonstrate our algorithm through a case study of battery management system (BMS). The results show that our approach is more efficient and effective to reduce the complexity of hierarchical software system.
Influence of Silicate Rock Glass Compositions on the Efficacy of Prebiotic RNA Polymerization Reactions: The Case of 3’,5’ Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate
Authors: Šponer Judit E. , Kloužek Jaroslav , Výravský Jakub , Wunnava Sreekar , Scheu Bettina , Braun Dieter , Mojzsis Stephen J. , Palacký Jan , Vorlíčková Michaela , Šponer Jiří , Matyášek Roman , Kovařík Aleš 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSilicate glasses are ubiquitous on terrestrial planets wherever molten rock – generated by volcanism or impacts – is quenched by air or water. Hence, they provided ready and abundant reactive solid surfaces for prebiotic chemistry on the early Earth. Here, we show that rock glass composition determines basicity, which in turn modulates the outcome of prebiotic synthetic processes such as the polymerization of 3’, 5’ cyclic guanosine monophosphate.
A Transnational, Translingual Lens on Curriculum: Supporting Children who are Immigrants and Refugees
Authors: Domke Lisa M. , Harden Jessica D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne quarter of children in the United States live with at least one parent who is an immigrant. Immigrants have a variety of backgrounds and situations including families who are refugees from war‐torn countries, families living in the country for graduate school, and families who have lived in the US for multiple years. Immigrants’ diversity of experiences makes getting to know their backgrounds and incorporating them into instruction critical. In this article, we share our experiences and provide reflection questions and suggestions to help educators embrace and incorporate home languages, explain and expand educational practices, and consider literacy curriculum and instructional practices.
Determining the prevalence and risk factors for positive bacterial culture in canine discospondylitis: 120 cases
Authors: Pilkington Ed , Goncalves Rita , Henze Lea , Grapes Nick , Volk Holger , De Decker Steven 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIdentification of the aetiologic agent in canine discospondylitis is infrequent; and risk factors for a positive bacterial culture have not previously been reported.MethodsMedical records at three institutions were searched to identify clinical features of dogs with discospondylitis diagnosed via radiography or cross‐sectional imaging. Inclusion in this retrospective case–control study required culture of one or more samples. Multivariable binary logistic regression identified features associated with a positive culture.ResultsFifty (42%) of 120 dogs had one or more positive culture results obtained from either urine (28/115), blood (25/78), intervertebral disc aspiration (10/34) or cerebrospinal fluid (1/18). A positive culture was associated with higher bodyweight (p = 0.002, odds ratio [OR] = 1.054, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.019–1.089), more sample types cultured (p = 0.037, OR = 1.806, 95% CI: 1.037–3.147) and institution (p = 0.021). The presence of possibly associated preceding events (e.g., surgery), pyrexia, number of disc sites affected and serum C‐reactive protein result, among other features, were not statistically significant.LimitationsAll isolates cultured were included since differentiation of true aetiologic agents from contaminants was not possible without histological confirmation and culture from surgical or postmortem biopsies.ConclusionsClinical features typically associated with infection were not identified as risk factors for positive culture in canine discospondylitis. The statistical significance of the institution suggests that standardisation of sampling protocols is necessary.
Vertical canal auricular cartilage malformation in a Keetso cat with concurrent chronic otitis externa
Authors: Sharp Callum A. T. , Ladlow Jane F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA 7‐month‐old, male, neutered Keetso cat presented for assessment due to chronic recurrent otitis externa signs. Video otoscopic examination revealed corrugated stenosis of the vertical ear canal. A bilateral lateral wall resection was performed. Repeat examination 2 and 15 months after surgery showed no ongoing clinical signs. The Keetso cat is a new breed of cat with a small gene pool, with currently only two breeders worldwide. Significant features of the breed are polydactylism and externally curled pinnae (folded ears). The presence of cartilage malformation in the vertical ear canal may be associated with the chronic otitis externa and if occurring on a population level, presents a potential welfare concern for this breed.
Communicative Self-Harm: War, NHS and Social Work
Authors: Millard Chris 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn 1944, Henderson’s and Gillespie’sTextbook of Psychiatrynotes the ‘remarkable progress that has occurred in psychiatry in recent years in the teeth of war conditions, and even, to a limited extent, because of them’.1The Second World War nurtures and catalyses a large number of reforms and innovations in the thought and practice of British psychiatry. Attending to the psychological casualties of the Second World War generates a huge number of interpersonally focused psychotherapeutic practices. The psychological significance of personal relationships, of adjustment to situations, of communication and social interaction become central to the linked aims of maintaining military and civilian morale on one hand, and returning psychological casualties to service as soon as possible on the other. The link between the social setting and psychological well-being is not generated by the war. However, the war does give an enormous boost to conceptions of what becomes known as the ‘psychosocial’.
Self-Harm as Self-Cutting: Inpatients and Internal Tension
Authors: Millard Chris 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
At the start of the 1970s, the number of people recorded as ‘self-poisoning as communication’ is still rising. Typical is a 1972 report from Dunfermline that claims acute ‘poisoning has reached epidemic proportions … [t]he number of poisoned patients increases year by year and there is no evidence that the trend is altering’.1 In the same year, a bleak study issues from Sheffield, entitled ‘Self-Poisoning with Drugs: A Worsening Situation’. This study claims that the rate of self-poisoning in Sheffield has doubled in the last decade and now accounts for almost one in ten medical admissions and one in five emergencies. Studies from Edinburgh, Oxford and Cardiff are cited as nationwide support for these truly alarming statistics.2 By the late 1970s however, it is reported from the Edinburgh RPTC that rates of self-poisoning are falling for men and levelling off for women. Keith Hawton and colleagues in Oxford report five years later that overall ‘the recent epidemic of deliberate self-poisoning may have reached a peak’ around 1973.3 Work on this phenomenon of self-poisoning, parasuicide or overdosing continues throughout the decade; clinicians marvel at the seemingly endless increase, and then wonder at the abrupt levelling-off. There are three major research centres for these studies: in Edinburgh, at the MRC Unit and Ward 3 of the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh; in Bristol, at the Accident Emergency Department of the Bristol Royal Infirmary; and in Oxford at the John Radcliffe (General) Hospital.
The ‘Shadow Pandemic’: Domestic and Family Violence During COVID-19
Authors: Pfitzner Naomi , Fitz-Gibbon Kate , Walklate Sandra , Meyer Silke , Segrave Marie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, advocates, policy makers, scholars and media commentators have sought to understand the impact that the global health emergency and associated public health restrictions have had, and will continue to have, on the prevalence of domestic and family violence (DFV) worldwide. For much of 2020, commentary was anticipatory in nature with data emerging towards the end of the first year of the pandemic. However, the picture remains unclear—with some countries reporting increases in prevalence while others report a decline in reporting of violence throughout this period. This chapter examines evidence on what is known quantitively about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on experiences of DFV at global and country-specific levels. To do so, it focuses on what is known about the prevalence of domestic family violence and femicide.
Shape memory performance assessment of FDM 3D printed PLA-TPU composites by Box-Behnken response surface methodology
Authors: Rahmatabadi Davood , Soltanmohammadi Kianoosh , Pahlavani Mostafa , Aberoumand Mohammad , Soleyman Elyas , Ghasemi Ismaeil , Baniassadi Majid , Abrinia Karen , Bodaghi Mahdi , Baghani Mostafa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, for the first time, the role of manufacturing parameters of fused deposition modeling (FDM) on the shape memory effect (SME) is investigated by design of experiments. PLA-TPU blend with a weight composition of 30:70% is processed by melt mixing and then extruded into 1.75 mm filaments for 3D printing via FDM. SEM images reveal that TPU droplets are distributed in the PLA matrix, and the immiscible matrix-droplet morphology is evident. Box-Behnken design (BBD), as an experimental design of the response surface method (RSM), is implemented to fit the model between variables and responses. The shell, infill density, and nozzle temperature are selected as variables, and their effects on loading stress, recovery stress, shape fixity, and shape recovery ratio are studied in detail. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied to estimate the importance of each printing parameter on the output response and assess the fitness of the presented model. The ANOVA results reveal the high accuracy of the model and the importance of the parameters. Infill density and nozzle temperature had the greatest and least roles on shape memory properties, respectively. Also, the values of shape fixity and shape recovery were obtained in the ranges of 58–100% and 53–91%, respectively. Despite many researches on 4D printing of PLA, low ductility at room temperature and high stress relaxation rate are its weakness, which are covered by adding TPU in this research. Due to the lack of similar outcomes in the specialized literature, this paper is likely to fill the gap in the state-of-the-art problem and supply pertinent data that are instrumental for FDM 3D printing of functional shape memory polymers with less material consumption.
Mechanical properties of larval mouthparts of the antlion Euroleon nostras (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) and their correlation with cuticular material composition
Authors: Krings Wencke , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe diversity of insects can be explained by their ability to fill various ecological niches, which includes the foraging from diverse sources. The cuticle-based feeding structures interact with the food and show adaptations in shape, material composition and mechanical properties to it. In this study, we focus on the mouthparts of a very prominent ambush predator, the antlion larvae of Euroleon nostras. By nanoindentation, we tested the hardness and the Young’s modulus of the mouthparts, which are significantly harder and stiffer than other insect cuticle structures. To gain insight into the origins of the high values, we studied the degree of tanning using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Additionally, we determined the content of transition and alkaline earth metals by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. We found that the proportions of Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Ca, Mg, and Si correlate with the mechanical property values. We also conducted experiments on the breaking stress, the puncturing and biomechanical behaviour of the jaws, which highlighted their extraordinary strength. These findings are not only valuable for biologists, but also for material scientists, as they contribute to our understanding of the origins of mechanical property heterogeneities in insect cuticle.
Uniqueness of global weak solutions for the general Ericksen–Leslie system with Ginzburg–Landau penalization in $${\mathbb {T}}^2$$
Authors: De Anna Francesco , Wu Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Ericksen–Leslie system is a fundamental hydrodynamic model that describes the evolution of incompressible liquid crystal flows of nematic type. In this paper, we prove the uniqueness of global weak solutions to the general Ericksen–Leslie system with a Ginzburg–Landau type approximation in a two dimensional periodic domain. The proof is based on some delicate energy estimates for the difference of two weak solutions within a suitable functional framework that is less regular than the usual one at the natural energy level, combined with the Osgood lemma involving a specific double-logarithmic type modulus of continuity. We overcome the essential mathematical difficulties arising from those highly nonlinear terms in the Leslie stress tensor and in particular, the lack of maximum principle for the director equation due to the stretching effect of the fluid on the director field. Our argument makes full use of the coupling structure as well as the dissipative nature of the system, and relies on some techniques from harmonic analysis and paradifferential calculus in the periodic setting.