bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher differentiability for bounded solutions to a class of obstacle problems with (p,q)-growth
Authors: Grimaldi Antonio Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We establish the higher fractional differentiability of bounded minimizers to a class of obstacle problems with non-standard growth conditions of the form

min
⁡

{

∫
Ω

F
⁢

(
x
,

D
⁢
w

)

⁢

𝑑
x

:

w
∈

𝒦
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

}

,

\min\bigg{\{}\int_{\Omega}F(x,Dw)dx:w\in\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega)\biggr{\}},

where Ω is a bounded open set of

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

,

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

,
the function

ψ
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

{\psi\in W^{1,p}(\Omega)}

is a fixed function called obstacle, and

𝒦
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

:=

{

w
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

:

w
≥

ψ
⁢
a.e. in
⁢
Ω

}

\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega):=\bigl{\{}w\in W^{1,p}(\Omega):w\geq\psi\text{ a.e.%
in }\Omega\bigr{\}}

is the class of admissible functions. If the obstacle ψ is locally bounded, we prove that the gradient of solution inherits some fractional differentiability property, assuming that both the gradient of the obstacle and the mapping

x
↦

D
ξ

⁢
F
⁢

(
x
,
ξ
)

{x\mapsto D_{\xi}F(x,\xi)}

belong to some suitable Besov space.
The main novelty is that the Besov type regularity on the partial map

x
↦

D
ξ

⁢
F
⁢

(
x
,
ξ
)

{x\mapsto D_{\xi}F(x,\xi)}

is not related to the dimension n.
The homotopy category of acyclic complexes of pure-projective modules
Authors: Gillespie James 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Let R be any ring with identity. We show that the homotopy category of all acyclic chain complexes of pure-projective R-modules is a compactly generated triangulated category. We do this by constructing abelian model structures that put this homotopy category into a recollement with two other compactly generated triangulated categories: The usual derived category of R and the pure derived category of R.
Performance evaluation of seven level grid-tied PV inverter employs seven switches with the triple gain
Authors: Debela Tamiru , Singh Jiwanjot 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel switched capacitor converter has been proposed to generate 7-levels using seven semiconductor switches (7S7L) to get triple gain in the output voltage which is supplied by a single dc source. A PWM technique, phase disposition pulse width modulation (PD-PWM) has been designed to achieve a suitable switching operation for the 7S7L inverter. In addition, the capacitor voltage is balanced and the suggested inverter uses a charging inductor to decrease the capacitor inrush current, which is a shortcoming in the switched-capacitor multilevel inverters. Moreover, the 7S7L inverter is used to interface the solar panels with the utility grid using a synchronous reference frame-based controller. To check the efficiency, taking actual data, power loss calculation has been discussed for the 7S7L inverter. To illustrate the better performance of the proposed 7S7L inverter than the existing seven-level SC-MLI presented in the literature, a comparative study is also undertaken. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed topology, a converter is simulated using Matlab/Simulink. To validate the simulation results, a real-time study is completed using the OPAL-RT 4510 real-time platform.
3D-printed polyether-ether-ketone/n-TiO2 composite enhances the cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by downregulating miR-154-5p
Authors: Li Zhikun , Li Yifan , Xu Wei , Yu Jimin , Tong Shichao , Zhang Xiangyang , Ye Xiaojian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The object was to enhance the bioactivity of pure polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) by incorporating nano-TiO2 (n-TiO2) and investigate its potential mechanism. PEEK/n-TiO2 composite was manufactured using a 3D PEEK printer and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 3D profiler, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses. Cytocompatibility was tested using SEM, fluorescence, and cell counting kit-8 assays. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by osteogenic gene and mineralized nodule levels. The expression of the candidate miRNAs were detected in composite group, and its role in osteogenic differentiation was studied. As a results the 3D-printed PEEK/n-TiO2 composite (Φ = 25 mm, H = 2 mm) was successfully fabricated, and the TiO2 nanoparticles were well distributed and retained the nanoscale size of the powder. The Ra value of the composite surface was 2.69 ± 0.29, and Ti accounted for 22.29 ± 12.09% (in weight), and FT-IR analysis confirmed the characteristic peaks of TiO2. The cells in the composite group possessed better proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities than those in the PEEK group. miR-154-5p expression was decreased in the composite group, and the inhibition of miR-154-5p significantly enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities. In conclusion, 3D-printed PEEK/n-TiO2 composite enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenic induction ability by downregulating miR-154-5p, which provides a promising solution for improving the osteointegration of PEEK.
Difficult alliance. Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia against Sweden during the Great Northern War (1700–1721) – an introduction to the problematic
Authors: Paweł Krokosz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With the outbreak of the Great Northern War (1700–1721), the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was officially outside the fighting parties (Denmark, Saxony and Russia against Sweden), despite the fact that the main burden of hostilities was on its territory. It was only in 1704 that its representatives concluded an agreement with Russia and in the following years they undertook a joint fight against the Swedish king Charles XII and the Polish and Lithuanian nobility cooperating with him. Soon the alliance turned out to be “difficult” for both sides. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth obtained military and financial aid from Russia for the expansion of its army. Poland and Lithuania also counted on Russia’s help in regaining the Baltic lands occupied by Sweden, which were also sought by the Polish king and the Saxon elector Augustus II. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth also counted on support in the event that Turkey tried to take back Ukrainian lands from it. On the other hand, Tsar Peter I was successful at the front over the years (including the Battle of Poltava) and strengthened his political and military position in Europe. The tsar also began to interfere in the matters of the internally quarrelsome the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, trying to be an arbiter deciding its fate. Additionally, the prolonged stay of Russian troops there was a heavy burden for the Crown and Lithuania. The common paths of the Commonwealth and August II with Peter I slowly diverged. With the end of the war between Russia and Sweden in 1721, former allies were already enemies. Due to the very wide range of political, military, economic and religious issues, this article is only an introduction to the indicated issues. The author’s intention is to inspire researchers to undertake a new, or revive an already started, historical discourse on the Polish–Russian alliance during the Great Northern War (1700–1721).
Stochastic zero-sum differential games and backward stochastic differential equations
Authors: Oufdil Khalid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the stochastic zero-sum differential game in finite horizon in a general case. We first prove that the BSDE associated with a specific generator (the Hamiltonian function for the game) has a unique solution. Then we characterize the value function as that solution to prove the existence of a saddle point for the game. Finally, in the Markovian framework, we show that the value function is the unique viscosity solution for the related partial differential equation.
The consumption of vegetable oils and their possible participation as a neuroprotector
Authors: Matías-Pérez Diana , Sánchez-Medina Marco Antonio , Hernández-Bautista Emilio , García-Montalvo Iván Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with causes such as induction of oxidative stress, alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis, abnormal protein aggregation, inflammatory processes, excitotoxicity, and apoptosis. In addition to the above, the food transition in recent years has led to changes in dietary patterns, increasing the consumption of ultra-processed and processed foods that can lead to lipotoxicity and induce oxidative stress. Nutraceutical components present in vegetable oils can be considered as an alternative for neuroprotection through the regulation of oxidative stress.
Monitoring of Oxythyrea Funesta and Tropinota Hirta Species in Fruit Shrub Plantations in Cluj County
Authors: HULUJAN Ionuţ-Bogdan , FLORIAN Teodora , BUNESCU Horia 
Published: January 2023

Two species of the family Cetoniidae are commonly found in agricultural ecosystems: Oxythyrea funesta (Poda, 1761) and Tropinota hirta (Poda, 1761). These are polyphagous, attacking annual plants, fruit trees and shrubs but also plants from spontaneous flora. In 2020-2022, the presence of these two pests in the blackberry and black currant plantations was monitored, using Barber traps and blue containers with ecomonal products, (E)-anethole and (E)-cinnamyl alcohol and (±)-lavandulol and 2-phenyletanol. Species have been identified by morphological characters. The studies were carried out in the blackberry collection from USAMV Cluj-Napoca and in the ecological currant plantation in Recea Cristur - Cluj County (Romania). In the variant with (E)-anethole and (E)-cinnamyl alcohol in the three years, 318 individuals were captured, of which 282 of Tropinota hirta Poda (representing 88.7% of the total catches) and 36 individuals of Oxythyrea fatesta Poda. In the variant with (±)-lavandulol and 2-phenyletanol in the three years, 218 individuals were captured of which 139 were Oxythyrea funesta Poda (representing 63.8% of the total catches) and 79 individuals of Tropinota hirta Poda. These ecomonal products may be useful in monitoring and/or control these species. In Barber traps, catches were very low and they are not recommended in monitoring of these species.
Larvicidal Efficacy of a Tropical Seaweed (Dictyota ciliolata) Extracts on Vectorial Mosquito Species and Non-Target Effect on Guppy Fish (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: ADETORO Fouad Abidemi , LAWAL Muyideen Owonire , ELEGBELEYE Owoyemi Wahab , OKUBADEJO Oluwadamilola Ruqayyah , TRUSCOTT Anthony Oladipupo , ADEGBITE Murisiq Olalekan 
Published: January 2023

Extracts of seaweeds are promising candidates for eco-friendly, safe, and biodegradable larvicides and as alternatives to chemical larvicides used in mosquito control strategies. This study evaluated the larvicidal effects of Dictyota ciliolata on the mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The seaweed was extracted using ethanol and methanol. The larvicidal assays were conducted per WHO standards by exposing twenty 4th instar larvae to 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mg/L of the derived extracts. The LC50 and LC95 values were obtained by calculating the probit values of the observed mortalities. LC50 of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Dictyota ciliolata against Anopheles gambiae larvae were 238.45 mg/L and 497.28 mg/L respectively; 179.02 mg/L and 224.96 mg/L respectively against Aedes aegypti, and 167.49 mg/L and 226.69 mg/L respectively for Culex quinquefasciatus. The results established that ethanolic and methanolic seaweed extracts were most influential on Culex quinquefasciatus followed by Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae. Although mortalities were recorded for Poecilia reticulata, such may not be enough to de-emphasize the observed larvicidal potentials of Dictyota ciliolata as some other factors could have been responsible for the said mortalities in the non-target species.
Phytochemicals, bioactivity, and ethnopharmacological potential of selected indigenous plants
Authors: Achilonu Matthew C. , Ngubane Xolile V. , Nkosi S'busiso M. , Jiyane Phiwe C. 
Published: January 2023

The coastal regions of Africa are endowed with indigenous wild fruit plants rich in nutritional and medicinal phytochemicals and micronutrients. South African wild fruit plants complement the diet and health needs of rural poor households by providing vital dietary nutrients and remedies for various health concerns, and alleviating food insecurity. Milk plum, Natal plum, wild custard apple, and wild medlar medicinal plants are found mainly in the coastal provinces of South Africa. Studies have established that these plants are good sources of vitamins, essential elements, and bioactive phytocompounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, which demonstrate significant antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The plants studied possess anti-epileptic, antiplasmodial, and snake antivenom qualities. Here we highlight the views of different reports on ethnopharmacological relevance, phytochemistry, and bioactivity of the selected South African indigenous medicinal plants. We found a research gap in the phytochemical composition and phytopharmacological activity evaluation of Carissa macrocarpa and Englerophytum magalismontanum.Significance: South African indigenous medicinal plants augment the dietary and other health needs of the rural populace. The phytochemistry and phytopharmacological activities of C. macrocarpa and E. magalismontanum have been only partially studied, hence the need for further studies to examine their worth and possible use in cosmetic product enrichment.
The effect of elevated temperatures on trichomes, essential oil composition and yield of Lippia javanica: A chemometric approach
Authors: Singini Edith J. , Nuapia Yannick , Chimuka Luke , Risenga Ida M. 
Published: January 2023

Extreme changes in climate, especially in temperature, could have implications for herbal plants in various world regions. Medicinal plants often produce a wide variety of natural phytochemicals to enhance their defence and survival mechanisms against harsh environmental conditions, and when these mechanisms fail, plants consequently die. We investigated the impact of high temperatures coupled with the specific duration of exposure on the yield and composition of essential oils and trichomes in leaves of Lippia javanica. Plants were exposed to increasing temperatures (25 °C to 47 °C) for different durations (48 h to 144 h). Response surface methodology was applied to assess the interaction between temperature and length of exposure on the essential oil yield, trichome length, and trichome diameter. Essential oils were recovered from the control and treated leaf samples using hydrodistillation and volatile compounds were identified through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Multivariate analysis modelling allowed different clustering patterns to be detected. That is, increasing temperatures raised the oil yield, trichome length, and diameter from 1.007 mg/100 g to 3.58 mg/100 g, 50 µm to 160 µm, and 25 µm to 60 µm, respectively. Significant chemical differences between the essential oils were confirmed by the principal component and orthogonal projections to latent structures, which identified separate clusters for the control and treated samples. The current findings indicate that L. javanica has coping mechanisms against high temperatures.Significance:

High temperatures significantly alter the trichome morphology and secretion of essential oils in L. javanica, which adversely affects the shrub’s medicinal properties. Regardless of climate change, this finding could have major implications for indigenous people who continue to use the shrub for therapeutic purposes.
L. javanica showed coping mechanisms against high temperatures for a maximum of six days; however, a prolonged exposure would be more detrimental. As a result, climate change will negatively influence the plant’s developmental and defence mechanisms.
Stress Interpretation by Using Blood Glucose levels, blood pressure and pulse rate measurement in Patients attending Oral and Maxillofacial Clinic in College of Dentistry at University of Sulaimani
Authors: Abdalkarim Kardo , Hamaamin Kanar , Mahmud Bayad 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Based on specific parameters such as blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and pulse rate, a prospective randomized case-control study was conducted to determine the stress during minor oral surgical procedures.
Methods: A total of 200 patients who underwent minor oral surgical procedures were randomly assigned into two groups: group (1) received 2% lignocaine with adrenaline, while group (2) received the same plus an oral intake of 10 mg glucose in 200 mL water after administration of local anesthesia. Before starting the operation and after the procedure was completed, the blood glucose level, blood pressure, and pulse rate were taken at the chairside, with the time difference for each phase noted.
Results: In group (1), blood glucose levels were found to decrease before operations and then increase to a value higher than the preoperative value, while in group (2), blood sugar levels remained constant before eventually rising to a higher postoperative value. Blood pressure increased gradually in all classes, and a rise in pulse rate was observed.
Conclusions: We found a temporary decrease in blood glucose levels preceding an increase in blood glucose levels, lasting no more than four or five minutes in minor intraoral operations under local anesthesia. Mild hypoglycemia may trigger episodes of psychogenic syncope, so this brief hypoglycemia is of great clinical importance. At the same time, pulse rate and blood pressure gradually increase with the procedures' progress, which is due to sympathetic nervous system excitation that promotes norepinephrine-induced changes in many systems.
Validity of a Self-reported Questionnaires for Periodontitis in a Kurdish Population of Sulaimani City/Iraq
Authors: Abdulsalam Lubna , Gul Sarhang 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Full-mouth clinical periodontal evaluations in large surveys may not be practicable. Therefore, the questionnaire can be used to reduce cost and time. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate two previously used questionnaires to determine periodontitis and compare them in the Kurdish population.
Methods: The two different questionnaires used were previously examined in different populations. Full mouth periodontal examination of bleeding on probing, pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement, and recession were recorded. The case definition of periodontitis is based on the 2017 classification. The receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve (AUC), and logistic regression were used to examine the validity of each questionnaire.
Results: Self-reported questionnaires had a useful discriminative capability for detecting periodontitis patients. In questionnaire1, (Q1) has the uppermost true positive result (79.2%), and the strongest crude associations were seen for Q3 (17.72) and 4 (10.9). Whereas, in questionnaire 2, the most frequent positive response was to the Q12 (77.2%), and the strongest crude associations were detected for the Q2 (13.76%) and Q6 (20.78%). The combinations of questions revealed increasing the AUC.
Conclusions: The use of several self-reported questions revealed a good performance for screening periodontitis in the Kurdish population, especially those related to patient awareness about periodontal disease, bleeding of the gum, treatment, and diagnosis that had been carried out for patients previously by a dentist.
Bladder exstrophy: surgical management in older children and young adults: review of 29 cases in sub-Saharan surgical facility
Authors: Getahun Gashaw M. , Desalegn Andinet 
Published: January 2023

Background: Bladder exstrophy is a challenge to every surgeon in the world but it is more challenging in developing world. The condition is highly varied in nature and so are the procedures. Though rare it is associated with severe disability not to be able to have continence of urine and affect normal reproduction.
Methods: We retrospectively retrieved documents from hospital records
Result: We describe 29 cases of Bladder extrophy where 10 of which were treated with uretero-sigmoidostomy diversion. Bladder closures were done for 19 cases with 2 cases of bladder wall dehiscence. We also reported use of paraexstrophy skin to augment the contracted bladders in 9 older children.
Conclusions: because of lack of awareness in the community, bladder exstrophy cases come late in the childhood or in adulthood. This has affected the result where many of them offered only diversion. In One third (9 cases) we used paraexstrophy skin to augment bladder capacity where we observed better outcomes.
Gall bladder perforation: critical analysis of management at tertiary care centre
Authors: Sharma Sanjay , Trehan Vikram , Ranjan Priya , Singh Amit 
Published: January 2023

Background: Gall bladder perforation (GBP) is a rare complication of acute cholecystitis. Despite considerable advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, morbidity and mortality continues to be high, owing to delay in diagnosis and ill-defined treatment protocols.
Methods: We reviewed demographic profile, diagnosis and management strategies employed in 28 patients at our centre from Jan 2018 till Jul 2020. Patients were classified based on Niemeier classification.
Results: A total of 28 patients were identified but 3 excluded due to paucity of data. There were 21 patients of Niemeier type II perforation and 02 each of type I and III. Diagnosis of GBP was based on CECT in 18 patients. In patients with type II perforation, 03 underwent emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) though one required conversion. Twelve patients were managed conservatively followed by interval cholecystectomy after mean duration of 14 weeks. Of these 08 successfully underwent LC and 03 were converted to open surgery. One patient underwent open radical cholecystectomy due to intraoperative suspicion of carcinoma. 06 patients of type II perforation underwent percutaneous drainage of collection followed by LC after mean duration of 23 weeks. Histopathology revealed chronic cholecystitis in 16 patients, acute cholecystitis in 05, carcinoma in 02 and xantho-granulomatous cholecystitis in one patient.
Conclusions: CECT should be employed early for diagnosis in suspected cases and percutaneous intervention should be used in cases unresponsive to conservative measures alone. There are higher chances of success in performing LC after 14 weeks leading to better outcomes.
A rare case of a giant vesical diverticular calculus managed successfully by endoscopy
Authors: Patil Santosh , Kundargi Vinay S. , Patil Siddanagouda B. , Patil Basavesh S. , Thakkar Saurabh M. 
Published: January 2023

Vesical diverticula occur in the setting of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction. Vesical diverticular calculi are rare, especially for minimally invasive endoscopic lithotripsy treatment. A male patient of around 80 years presented with complaints of urinary intermittency and dribbling for 3 to 4 days. On investigation, the patient was found to have a calculus within a diverticulum in the urinary bladder. After counselling, cystolithotripsy + transurethral resection (CLT+TURP) of the prostate under spinal anaesthesia was performed. Usually, open surgery is recommended for the management of vesical diverticular calculi. However, CLT+TURP was the best option, in this case, keeping in mind the patient’s age and comorbidities. Simultaneous endoscopic resection of the prostate gland would help to treat the cause.