bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of black carbon emission factors from different anthropogenic sources
Authors: Rönkkö Topi , Saarikoski Sanna , Kuittinen Niina , Karjalainen Panu , Keskinen Helmi , Järvinen Anssi , Mylläri Fanni , Aakko-Saksa Päivi , Timonen Hilkka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Particulate black carbon (BC) affects global warming by absorbing the solar radiation, by affecting cloud formation, and by decreasing ground albedo when deposited to snow or ice. BC has also a wide variety of adverse effects on human population health. In this article we reviewed the BC emission factors (EFs) of major anthropogenic sources, i.e. traffic (incl. marine and aviation), residential combustion, and energy production. We included BC EFs measured directly from individual sources and EFs derived from ambient measurements. Each source category was divided into sub-categories to find and demonstrate systematical trends, such as the potential influence of fuel, combustion technologies, and exhaust/flue gas cleaning systems on BC EFs. Our review highlights the importance of society level emission regulation in BC emission mitigation; a clear BC emission reduction was observed in ambient studies for road traffic as well as in direct emission measurements of diesel-powered individual vehicles. However, the BC emissions of gasoline vehicles were observed to be higher for vehicles with direct fuel injection techniques (gasoline direct injection) than for vehicles with port-fueled injection, indicating potentially negative trend in gasoline vehicle fleet BC EFs. In the case of shipping, a relatively clear correlation was seen between the engine size and BC EFs so that the fuel specific BC EFs of the largest engines were the lowest. Regarding the BC EFs from residential combustion, we observed large variation in EFs, indicating that fuel type and quality as well as combustion appliances significantly influence BC EFs. The largest data gaps were in EFs of large-scale energy production which can be seen crucial for estimating global radiative forcing potential of anthropogenic BC emissions. In addition, much more research is needed to improve global coverage of BC EFs. Furthermore, the use of existing data is complicated by different EF calculation methods, different units used in reporting and by variation of results due to different experimental setups and BC measurement methods. In general, the conducted review of BC EFs is seen to significantly improve the accuracy of future emission inventories and the evaluations of the climate, air quality, and health impacts of anthropogenic BC emissions.
Seasonal variation of some oceanographic parameters in the Arafura Sea – Gulf of Carpentaria
Authors: Suryadarma M W , Okgareta D , Latuapo N H , Atmadipoera A S 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe shallow continental shelf of Arafura Sea-Gulf of Carpentaria borders the Torres Strait in the east and the deep Banda Sea in the west, where the monsoonal winds system controls shelf circulation. This study aims to investigate spatial and temporal variation of shelf circulation, surface temperature (SST), seas surface height (SSH), using the multi-datasets of validated model output and satellite-derived data. The model reproduced well the satellite derived SST and SSH (corr.> 0.98). The northwesterly monsoonal winds are fully developed between December and February (NWM period), but the southeasterly winds are intensified during the southeast monsoon (SEM). During the monsoon breaks, the southeasterly-easterly winds are still dominant. The shelf circulation is coincident with the wind direction. During the NMW period the eastward flows from Banda basin and Timor Sea are dominant, creating a clockwise circulation within the Gulf. In contrast, the westward flow dominates during the SEM period, creating an anti-clockwise circulation in the Gulf. Exchange of water via the Torres Strait is also seen. Spatial pattern of temperature and SSH reveal a dissimilarity between the Gulf and the Arafura Sea (99.9% of explained variance) with dominant periodicity of annual and semi-annual scales.
Current status of seagrass condition in coastal waters of Kendari Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi I H , Alifatri L O , Kusnadi A , Hafizt M , Lisdayanti E 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Seagrass is one of the most productive ecosystems in the shallow waters and has a significant role as shelter and nurseries for marine biotas. The coastal region of Kendari has seagrass, mangrove, and coral reef ecosystems. However, this ecosystem tends to be decreasing due to coastal development activities in the coastal area. This study aims to find out the seagrass condition in Kendari from 2015 to 2021. To analyze species composition and seagrass percent coverage the transect method refers to the Guideline of seagrass monitoring was applied. The determination of seagrass conditions refers to the Decree of Indonesia’s state the Minister for the Environment no. 200 of 2004. The extant benthic habitats of seagrass were analyzed using satellite imagery data. Based on the analysis of the area of benthic habitat from the year 2015 to 2021, the data obtained in shows an increase from the year 2015 to 2017, and then decrease the year 2021.There were eight species recorded in the area such as Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rutondata, Cymodocea serrulta, Halophila ovalis, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia, and Syringodium isoetifolium. Based on its percentage cover four sites of seagrass are classified as “poor” (15%-24%) and two sites are classified as “healthy” (67%) and “less healthy” (59,3%) respectively. Overall, the condition of seagrass in the coastal waters of Kendari is “less healthy”.
The nursery of yellowfin tuna seeds (Thunnus albacares) by increasing light intensity in the rear control system
Authors: Dharma T S , Setiadi A , Gunawan  , Hutapea J H , Zafran  
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The research was conducted at Research Center for Marine Cultivation and Fisheries Extension. The research was executed using nine units of volume tank of 5 m³, with a diameter of 2.7 m and 1 m of the water level. The test animals used were juvenile tuna fish aged 25 days with a length of 3-4cm. This study aims to determine the survival rate and growth rate of yellowfin tuna seeds that are given lighting treatment in indoor rearing. The treatment in this activity is the difference in light intensity, namely A): 700-800 lux, B) 300-400 lux, and C) indoor 50-100 lux. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The experimental design uses randomized groups. The parameters observed were the quality of the seeds, namely the growth and survival of the seeds and the behaviour of the seeds during maintenance. As supporting data, observations were made on the quality of maintenance water (temperature, salinity, DO, and pH). The results showed that treatment A with a light intensity of 700-800 lux provided better survival and growth, followed by treatments B and C, with light intensities of 300-400 lux and 50-100 lux. Survival and growth resulted in treatment (A) resulted in survival (SR) 18.67 ± 1.77%, total length (TL) 6.48 ± 2.36 cm and body weight (BW) 3.52 ± 0, 63 g. The results of statistical analysis on survival of the three treatments were significantly different (P <0.05), while the length growth was not significantly different (P> 0.05) and the weight was significantly different (P<0.05). From the results of research with different lighting in the cultivation environment, the greater the lighting provided, the resulting growth has the better category. Water quality conditions are still within normal limits with differences in light intensity in indoor juvenile tuna nurseries.
Effectiveness of anesthesia solution (2-Phenoxyethanol) in the transportation of brood stock of Perkasa Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Sauvage, 1878)
Authors: Darmawan J , Tahapari E , Pamungkas W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to obtain the optimal concentration of 2-phenoxy ethanol in the transportation medium for the brood stock candidate of the Perkasa Striped catfish. To determine the optimal concentration of 2-phenoxy ethanol in the transportation medium for the Perkasa Striped catfish brood stock candidate, the study used a completely randomized design with three replications consisting of five levels of treatment with a concentration of 2-phenoxy ethanol, namely 0 (control), 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm. The test fish were Perkasa Striped catfish brood stock candidates weighing an average of 1,000 grams. A plastic bag of 80 x 40 cm was filled with 15 liters of water, 45 liters of oxygen, and 5 fish, and the transport test was carried out in a closed and static way for 12 hours. Parameters observed included survival rate at the end of transportation and on day 7 after transportation, the quality of the media water (dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature), and cortisol level in the blood. The results showed that 100 ppm of 2-phenoxy ethanol was the best concentration for transporting Perkasa Striped catfish brood stock candidates, with a survival rate of 100.0±0.0 percent at the end of transportation and 83.3±28.9 percent on the seventh day after transportation, dissolved oxygen content of 1.47±0.99 mg/L, and blood cortisol levels of 47.85±11.85 g/dL.
Total carotenoid content of Padina sp. seaweed-infused oil with virgin coconut oil
Authors: Wahyuni T , Murdinah  
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Padina sp. seaweed is a species of brown seaweed that grows naturally in Indonesian waters and it is not been optimally utilized. Padina sp. contains bioactive natural carotenoids that can apply as additive ingredients in functional foods and cosmetics field. This study aimed to determine the total carotenoid content in Padina sp. seaweed-infused oil. Seaweed oily extract or Padina sp. seaweed-infused oil was obtained from the filtered maceration of Padina sp. powder using virgin coconut oil as a solvent. Furthermore, the total carotenoid content in Padina sp. seaweed-infused oil, Padina sp. powder and virgin coconut oil as solvent for maceration of Padina sp. were analyzed using the spectrophotometry method. Padina sp. powder and virgin coconut oil without Padina sp. (as control) contained total carotenoid content 2.42±0.32 µg/g and 0.71±0.66 µg/g respectively. Padina sp. seaweed-infused oil had total carotenoid content by maceration process with virgin coconut oil as solvent at a temperature of 65 °C for 1 hour, 3 hours, and 5 hours were 2.73±0.36, 2.18±1.01, and 1.74±1.24 µg/g respectively. Therefore, the total carotenoid content increased in Padina sp. seaweed-infused oil. It could be an opportunity for functional food products and cosmetic ingredients.
Past, present and future prospect on microinjection gene transfer in aquaculture
Authors: Gultom V D N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Microinjection is arguably the most direct and reliable gene transfer method to date. Since the development of the first transgenic fish in 1984, microinjection continues to be the most commonly used gene transfer method in aquaculture. Microinjection is used to inject cells, nucleic acid, gene constructs, recombinant DNA, and morpholino oligonucleotides into fish cells, embryos, and larvae. Despite the development of various gene transfer methods, microinjection is preferable. Continuous improvement in micromanipulation tools and micro capillary further develop microinjection method. This review describes the past and present use of microinjection gene transfer methods for genetic manipulation and genetic improvement in fisheries and aquaculture, especially in fish transgenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the future prospects of microinjection method in tandem with recombinant DNA technology and CRISPR-Cas9 and its application in the aquaculture industry.
Solvent selection for extraction of bioactive compound from bekasam with antioxidant and anticholesterol activities
Authors: Rinto  , Widiastuti I , Nugroho G D , Liastri Y 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Heart disease and hypertension are two of the main causes of human mortality worldwide. Both can be caused by the oxidation of cholesterol, causing plaque and narrow blood vessels. The purpose of this research was to determine the solvent for the extraction of antioxidant and anticholesterol bioactive compounds from bekasam extracts. Bekasam was extracted by polar solvents, i.e., aquabides, methyl alcohol (methanol), and ethyl alcohol (ethanol). The parameters observed in this research were the yield of crude extract, antioxidant assay, lovastatin assay, and peptide profile analysis (SDS-PAGE). The result of this study indicated that the yields of crude extract of bekasam using aquabides, methanol, and ethanol were 17.00%, 9.00%, and 2.83%, respectively. The antioxidant activities of bekasam extracts produced using methanol, ethanol, and aquabidest were 69.09%, 64.09%, and 53.43%, respectively. Lovastatin contents of bekasam extracts produced using ethanol, aquabides, and methanol were 442.53 ppm, 168.67 ppm, and 158.19 ppm, respectively. Peptides were detected on bekasam extract by aquabidest in the range of 5.60-29.26 kD but undetected when extracted using the other solvents.
Assessment of background radiation level in different tourism beach of Bengkayang, West Borneo
Authors: Prihatiningsih W R , Makmur M , Yahya M N , Putra D I P , Priasetyono Y , Jayuska A , Idiawati N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Environmental radiation and radioactivity monitoring has become important to investigate to generate a baseline database in Bengkayang Sea-Beach area, West Borneo. There is a need to conduct an environmental monitoring program to determine any change due to radioactivity radiation released from the nuclear installation in case of normal operation or emergency conditions, where Bengkayang is a candidate site of Indonesia’s Nuclear Power Plant. In this study, the background radiation levels have been measured at 9 different tourism beach areas of Bengkayang. Natural background radiation is the main source of radiation for the public of tourism. Calibrated gamma dose monitor were used for the measurement of dose level where reading was taken by placing the survey meter at ground level and at a height of 1 m from the ground (gonad level). The observed background radiation dose rate of 9 beach areas is below the world average. The mean Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AED) is found comparable to other studies. The radiation the population receives due to beach sands mainly results from the time spent on the beach during recreation. The results show that 9 tourism beaches of Bengkayang are considered as safe areas with natural background radiation.
Effect of plasma immersion ion implantation on wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Assis Resende Fabrícia , Silva Maria Margareth , de Moares Oliveira Rogerio , Silva Carla , Pichon Luc , Alves Radi Polyana , Gonçalves dos Reis Adriano , Aparecida Pereira Reis Danieli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is ideal for use in the aeronautical and aerospace industries because of its excellent strength/weight ratio and corrosion resistance. However, its applications at high temperatures are vulnerable due to its high affinity for interstitial elements, such as nitrogen and oxygen. The plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) technique, performed at high temperature, allows formation of modified layers that can improve the mechanical and tribological properties without compromising the corrosion resistance, which is a characteristic of this alloy. In this work, the samples were treated by PIII at three different temperatures (700, 800, and 900 °C) for 120 min of exposure to evaluate PIII on the mechanical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy compared to data already available in the literature. The aim of this process is to improve surface mechanical properties of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The techniques used in this work were x-ray diffraction microhardness, glow discharge optical emission spectrometer, and wear testing in a ball-on-disk tribometer. The results indicate a significantly increased material resistance, with a reduced wear for all treated samples and a reduced friction coefficient for samples treated at 800 and 900 °C. The best results were for alloy treated at 800 and 900 °C, because they maintain the low coefficient throughout the test, which indicates better wear resistance.
Continuum finite element analysis generalizes in vivo trabecular bone microstructural strength measures between two CT scanners with different image resolution
Authors: Guha Indranil , Zhang Xiaoliu , Nadeem Syed Ahmed , Levy Steven M , Saha Punam K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fragility of trabecular bone (Tb) microstructure is increased in osteoporosis, which is associated with rapid bone loss and enhanced fracture-risk. Accurate assessment of Tb strength using in vivo imaging available in clinical settings will be significant for management of osteoporosis and understanding its pathogenesis. Emerging CT technology, featured with high image resolution, fast scan-speed, and wide clinical access, is a promising alternative for in vivo Tb imaging. However, variation in image resolution among different CT scanners pose a major hurdle in CT-based bone studies. This paper presents nonlinear continuum finite element (FE) methods for computation of Tb strength from in vivo CT imaging and evaluates their generalizability between two scanners with different image resolution. Continuum FE-based measures of Tb strength under different loading conditions were found to be highly reproducible (ICC ≥ 0.93) using ankle images of twenty healthy volunteers acquired on low- and high-resolution CT scanners 44.6 ± 2.7 days apart. FE stress propagation was mostly confined to Tb micro-network (2.3 ± 1.7 MPa) with nominal leakages over the marrow space (0.4 ± 0.5 MPa) complying with the fundamental principle of mechanics at in vivo imaging. In summary, nonlinear continuum FE-based Tb strength measures are reproducible among different CT scanners and suitable for multi-site longitudinal human studies.
Order without Victory: International Order Theory Before and After Liberal Hegemony
Authors: McKeil Aaron 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article contributes a step towards the consolidation of the wide-ranging intellectual history and rapidly growing literature of international order theory. It traces the development of international order theory across three eras: 1919 and the interwar era; 1945 and the Cold War era; and 1989–1991, the post-Cold War era and rise of the “liberal” order debate. Gathering this history finds that critics in contemporary debates are deploying arguments with a quasi-polemical style similar to those used by E.H. Carr and others in past international order debates. These polemical qualities, it is suggested, may likely make contemporary debates difficult to assess and persistently controversial, even after the contemporary crisis of international order has run its course in practice.
German Crimes and Italian Money?
Authors: Caroli Paolo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
On 29 June 2022, the Italian Parliament approved Law no. 79, which converted — with amendments — Article 43 of Decree-Law no. 36/2022 of 30 April 2022 into law, possibly marking the final stage of the long saga of the German–Italian dispute over Germany’s civil liability for Nazi crimes against the Italian population during World War II. The Decree-Law was originally issued, as a matter of urgency, with a specific purpose: the Italian government intended to prevent the Federal Republic of Germany from suffering the loss of a significant real estate asset, located in Rome, due to the execution proceedings before the Court of Rome. However, the purpose of this legislative measure was not solely to avert this scenario in the short term. On the contrary, with the Decree-Law, now converted into law, the singular result has been reached that the Italian state will pay all compensation owed to victims of Nazi massacres on behalf of Germany. The article contextualizes the new provision, analysing the saga of Germany’s civil liability in parallel with the criminal prosecutions of Nazi criminals in Italy, both after the war and in more recent years. It provides critical evaluations and proposes hypotheses on possible future scenarios.
Registering Particle Data Sets Using a Rotation and Translation Invariant Nearest-Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Ritchie Nicholas W M , Wight Scott , Ortiz-Montalvo Diana , Lindstrom Abigail P 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt can be useful to register (or align) two sets of particle data measured from the same physical sample. However, if the two data sets were collected at different translational or rotational offsets, finding the optimal registration can be a challenge. We will present an algorithm that efficiently determines the rotation and translational offset that best registers (in a least-squares sense) the corresponding particles in two or more data sets measured from the same sample. This algorithm can be used to merge two data sets that have been collected on overlapping but otherwise distinct regions on the sample. Alternatively, it can be used to overlay data sets that have been collected on the same sample area to compare replicate data for quality control and measurement efficiency purposes.
The PARP inhibitor Rucaparib synergizes with radiation to attenuate atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor growth
Authors: Alimova Irina , Murdock Gillian , Pierce Angela , Wang Dong , Madhavan Krishna , Brunt Breauna , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are highly aggressive pediatric brain tumors. The available treatments rely on toxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which themselves can cause poor outcomes in young patients. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), multifunctional enzymes which play an important role in DNA damage repair and genome stability have emerged as a new target in cancer therapy. An FDA-approved drug screen revealed that Rucaparib, a PARP inhibitor, is important for ATRT cell growth. This study aims to investigate the effect of Rucaparib treatment in ATRT.MethodsThis study utilized cell viability, colony formation, flow cytometry, western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry assays to investigate Rucaparib’s effectiveness in BT16 and MAF737 ATRT cell lines. In vivo, intracranial orthotopic xenograft model of ATRT was used. BT16 cell line was transduced with a luciferase-expressing vector and injected into the cerebellum of athymic nude mice. Animals were treated with Rucaparib by oral gavaging and irradiated with 2 Gy of radiation for 3 consecutive days. Tumor growth was monitored using In Vivo Imaging System.ResultsRucaparib treatment decreased ATRT cell growth, inhibited clonogenic potential of ATRT cells, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and led to DNA damage accumulation as shown by increased expression of γH2AX. In vivo, Rucaparib treatment decreased tumor growth, sensitized ATRT cells to radiation and significantly increased mice survival.ConclusionWe demonstrated that Rucaparib has potential to be a new therapeutic strategy for ATRT as seen by its ability to decrease ATRT tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.