bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SiC switch‐based isolated DC‐DC converter for simultaneous charging of Li‐ion batteries of different voltage ratings for low‐ and medium‐power electric vehicle battery charging application
Authors: B S Sudarshan , G Arunkumar 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe use of electric vehicles (EVs) has gained traction in recent years. With the widespread use of EVs in the future, the waiting time before charging will be high due to the use of slow chargers in developing countries. This work proposes a novel DC‐DC converter based on an isolated single‐ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) and isolated Ćuk converter to enable simultaneous charging of batteries of low‐ and medium‐power EVs. The proposed converter operates without spikes in input and output currents, even during a sudden source disturbance. It can charge one battery at the output voltage level and simultaneously charge two batteries at half the output voltage. Simulation results for open‐loop and closed‐loop operations are provided to validate the converter operation and the simplicity of control. The proposed converter operation has been experimentally validated using a scaled‐down prototype by charging one 48 V lithium‐ion battery and then simultaneously charging two 24 V lithium‐ion batteries. The converter's response is provided to present the novelty and advantages of the proposed converter. The proposed converter uses fewer switches, diodes, inductors, and capacitors. The size of the system is reduced due to the high switching frequency operation of SiC devices. A low‐side gate driver is sufficient for driving the MOSFET, and the control is simple. The proposed converter offers a new and simple converter to charge multiple low‐ and medium‐power EV batteries of different ratings simultaneously with a low component count.
Seasonal and spatial variability in rates of primary production and detritus release by intertidal stands of Laminaria digitata and Saccharina latissima on wave‐exposed shores in the northeast Atlantic
Authors: Gilson Abby R. , White Lydia J. , Burrows Michael T. , Smale Dan A. , O'Connor Nessa E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoastal habitats are increasingly recognized as fundamentally important components of global carbon cycles, but the rates of carbon flow associated with marine macrophytes are not well resolved for many species in many regions. We quantified density, rates of primary productivity, and detritus production of intertidal stands of two common intertidal kelp species—Laminaria digitata (oarweed) and Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp)—on four NE Atlantic rocky shores over 22 months. The density of L. digitata was greater at exposed compared to moderately exposed shores but remained consistently low for S. latissima throughout the survey period. Individual productivity and erosion rates of L. digitata did not differ between exposed and moderately exposed shores but differed across exposure levels throughout the year at moderately exposed sites only. Productivity and erosion of S. latissima remained low on moderately exposed shores and showed no clear seasonal pattern. Patterns of productivity and total detrital production (erosion and dislodgement) per m2 of both L. digitata and S. latissima followed closely that of densities per m2, peaking in May during both survey years. Temperature and light were key factors affecting the productivity rates of L. digitata and S. latissima. Erosion rates of L. digitata were affected by wave exposure, temperature, light, grazing, and epiphyte cover, but only temperature‐affected erosion of S. latissima. Production of biomass and detritus was greater in L. digitata than in S. latissima and exceeded previous estimates for subtidal and warmer‐water affinity kelp populations (e.g., Laminaria ochroleuca). These biogenic habitats are clearly important contributors to the coastal carbon cycle that have been overlooked previously and should be included in future ecosystem models. Further work is required to determine the areal extent of kelp stands in intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats, which is needed to scale up local production estimates to entire coastlines.
Subtle differences in growth rate drive contrasting responses of ephemeral primary producers to recurrent disturbances
Authors: Bertocci Iacopo , Maggi Elena , Scirè Scappuzzo Claudia , Rindi Luca , Benedetti‐Cecchi Lisandro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough the importance of time after disturbance is well established in the ecological literature, studies examining how differences in growth rate affect species recovery and persistence in relation to the interval between recurrent perturbations are rare. We examined the response of two ephemeral primary producers inhabiting high‐shore rock pools, epilithic microphytobenthos (EMPB), and green filamentous algae, to disturbance regimes varying for the time interval between consecutive events. Informed from an empirically parametrized growth model's outcomes, we tested the hypothesis that EMPB would be able to recover from more frequent disturbance compared with filamentous algae in a field experiment involving three physical disturbance patterns differing for the clustering degree: high, moderate, and low (20, 40, and 80 days between disturbances). We predicted that: high clustering would prevent the recovery of both taxa; moderate clustering would prevent the recovery of the slower growing taxon only (filamentous algae); both taxa would recover under low clustering. Results showed that EMPB persisted independently of the clustering degree, whereas filamentous algae did not withstand any disturbance regime. Dramatically different effects of disturbance on organisms with subtle differences in their growth rate indicate that even stronger responses may be expected from taxa with more markedly contrasting life histories.
Gender differentials in the choice of in‐patient healthcare services among the older adults in India: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hasan Md Sayed , Ghosal Somnath 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndia is presently undergoing a rapid demographic transition and experiencing a gradual increase in an ageing population. As a result, the households were continuously exposed to catastrophic economic impacts, ultimately influencing the healthcare utilisation of older people. The study examined the gender differentials in the choice of in‐patient private and public hospitalisation among Indian elderly using Andersen's Health Behaviour Model. The database was acquired from the nationally representative cross‐sectional survey (NSSO, 2017‐18). Bivariate chi‐square and binomial logistic regression techniques were used to fulfill the objective. In addition, the poor‐rich ratio and concentration index was used to understand the inherent socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare preferences. The findings suggest that aged men were 27 percent more prone to avail private healthcare facilities than aged women. Further, older adults, who are married, belong to the upper caste, have higher education and gone through surgery, and primarily reside in an affluent society were more likely to prefer private in‐patient hospitalisation. It represents negligence of older women in access to better healthcare who had financial strain and economically dependent. The study can be used to reframe existing public health policies and programs, particularly focusing on the older women, to avail cost‐effective treatment.
Evaluating interpretable machine learning predictions for cryptocurrencies
Authors: El Majzoub Ahmad , Rabhi Fethi A. , Hussain Walayat 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis study explores various machine learning and deep learning applications on financial data modelling, analysis and prediction processes. The main focus is to test the prediction accuracy of cryptocurrency hourly returns and to explore, analyse and showcase the various interpretability features of the ML models. The study considers the six most dominant cryptocurrencies in the market: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance Coin, Cardano, Ripple and Litecoin. The experimental settings explore the formation of the corresponding datasets from technical, fundamental and statistical analysis. The paper compares various existing and enhanced algorithms and explains their results, features and limitations. The algorithms include decision trees, random forests and ensemble methods, SVM, neural networks, single and multiple features N‐BEATS, ARIMA and Google AutoML. From experimental results, we see that predicting cryptocurrency returns is possible. However, prediction algorithms may not generalise for different assets and markets over long periods. There is no clear winner that satisfies all requirements, and the main choice of algorithm will be tied to the user needs and provided resources.
A novel strategy for the study on molecular mechanism of prostate injury induced by 4,4′‐sulfonyldiphenol based on network toxicology analysis
Authors: Huang Shujun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of prostate injury induced by 4,4′‐sulfonyldiphenol (BPS) exposure and propose a novel research strategy to systematically explore the molecular mechanisms of toxicant‐induced adverse health effects. By utilizing the ChEMBL, STITCH, and GeneCards databases, a total of 208 potential targets associated with BPS exposure and prostate injury were identified. Through screening the potential target network in the STRING database and Cytoscape software, we determined 21 core targets including AKT1, EGFR, and MAPK3. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses conducted through the DAVID database illustrated that the potential targets of BPS in prostatic toxicity were primarily enriched in cancer signaling pathways and calcium signaling pathways. These findings suggest that BPS may actively participate in the occurrence and development of prostate inflammation, prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, and other aspects of prostate injury by regulating prostate cancer cell apoptosis and proliferation, activating inflammatory signaling pathways, and modulating prostate adipocytes and fibroblasts. This research provides a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of underlying BPS‐induced prostatic toxicity and establishes a foundation for the prevention and treatment of prostatic diseases associated with exposure to plastic products containing BPS and certain BPS‐overwhelmed environments.
High‐speed submillimeter magnetic‐driven rotational scanning side‐imaging OCT probe
Authors: Zhang Chi , Yang Fan , Wang Fu , Tan Qingyue , He Hao , Zhang Su , Wu Jigang , Tu Shengxian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA high‐speed side‐imaging magnetic‐driven scanning (MDS) probe is proposed for endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT). In the distal end of the probe, a reflecting micromirror is attached to a tiny magnet, which is driven by an external fast‐rotating magnetic field to achieve unobstructed 360‐degree side‐view scanning. A prototype probe was fabricated with an outer diameter of 0.89 mm. Using the prototype probe, OCT images of an ex vivo porcine artery with implanted stent were acquired in 100 frames per second. The OCT engine was a swept‐source system, and the system sensitivity with the prototype probe was 95 dB with an output power of 6 mW. The axial and lateral resolutions of the system were 10.3 and 39.7 μm, respectively. The high‐speed submillimeter MDS‐OCT probe provides a promising alternative endoscopic OCT solution for intravascular imaging applications.
Seed morphology of Hypericum (Hypericaceae) in China and its taxonomic significance
Authors: Bai Rui‐Zhu , Zhao Fei , Drew Bryan T. , Xu Gang , Cai Jie , Shen Shi‐Kang , Xiang Chun‐Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe seed morphology of 40 taxa within the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) from China, representing 9 sections of the genus, was examined using both Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy to evaluate the taxonomic relevance of macro‐ and micro‐morphological features. Details articulating variation in seed size, color, shape, appendages, and seed coat ornamentation are described, illustrated, and compared, and their taxonomic importance is discussed. Seeds were generally brown in color and cylindric‐ellipsoid to prolonged cylindric in shape. Seed size displayed wide variation, ranging from 0.37–1.91 mm in length and 0.12–0.75 mm in width. Seed appendages were observed as a characteristic morphological feature. Seed surface ornamentation has high phenotypic plasticity, and four types (reticulate, foveolate, papillose, and ribbed) can be recognized. In general, seed color and shape have limited taxonomic significance. However, some other features represent informative characters that can be used efficiently in distinguishing the studied taxa at the section and/or species levels. The findings illustrate that considerable taxonomic knowledge can be obtained by investigating the seed features of Hypericum, and the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy can reveal inconspicuous morphological affinities among species and play a role in taxonomic and systematic studies of the genus Hypericum.Research Highlights
Macro‐ and micro‐morphological features of seeds of 40 Hypericum taxa from China were examined using Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy, providing the first broad study regarding seed morphology for Hypericum from China.
Details and variations of seed size, shape, color, surface ornamentation, and appendages are fully presented.
Seed features and their variation have important taxonomic significance at the section and/or species levels within Hypericum.
Hantzsch‐like reaction of isoquinoline‐1‐acetonitrile in synthesis of 4H‐pyrido[2,1‐a]isoquinolines with antibacterial evaluation
Authors: Laboud Yara N. , Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Hassaneen Huwaida M. E. , Mohamed Teleb Mohamed A. , Saleh Fatma M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe in vitro antibacterial activity of brand‐new fused pyrido[2,1‐a]isoquinoline compounds was investigated. The desired pyrido[2,1‐a]isoquinoline derivatives 5, 9, and 10 were obtained by heating 2‐(6,7‐dimethoxy‐3,4‐dihydroisoquinolin‐1‐yl)acetonitrile 1 with ethylacetate derivatives 2, 6, and 7 in refluxing acetonitrile, while piperidine was present as a catalytic quantity. Under the same conditions, compound 1 was refluxed with compounds 11a–f to give the corresponding compounds 12a–f.
Oral sialic acid supplementation inNANS‐CDG: Results of a single center, open‐label, observational pilot study
Authors: den Hollander Bibiche , Brands Marion M. , de Boer Lonneke , Haaxma Charlotte A. , Lengyel Anna , van Essen Peter , Peters Gera , Kwast Hanneke J. T. , Klein Willemijn M. , Coene Karlien L. M. , Lefeber Dirk J. , van Karnebeek Clara D. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNANS‐CDG is a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) caused by biallelic variants inNANS, encoding an essential enzyme in de novo sialic acid synthesis. It presents with intellectual developmental disorder (IDD), skeletal dysplasia, neurologic impairment, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Some patients suffer progressive intellectual neurologic deterioration (PIND), emphasizing the need for a therapy. In a previous study, sialic acid supplementation in knockoutnansazebrafish partially rescued skeletal abnormalities. Here, we performed the first in‐human pre‐ and postnatal sialic‐acid study in NANS‐CDG. In this open‐label observational study, 5 patients with NANS‐CDG (range 0–28 years) were treated with oral sialic acid for 15 months. The primary outcome was safety. Secondary outcomes were psychomotor/cognitive testing, height and weight, seizure control, bone health, gastrointestinal symptoms, and biochemical and hematological parameters. Sialic acid was well tolerated. In postnatally treated patients, there was no significant improvement. For the prenatally treated patient, psychomotor and neurologic development was better than two other genotypically identical patients (one treated postnatally, one untreated). The effect of sialic acid treatment may depend on the timing, with prenatal treatment potentially benefiting neurodevelopmental outcomes. Evidence is limited, however, and longer‐term follow‐up in a larger number of prenatally treated patients is required.
Does CMIP6 inspire more confidence in projecting precipitation over China?
Authors: Tian Jiaxi , Zhang Zengxin , Fu Yuanhai , Tao Hui , Zhu Bin , Yang Liu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite significant advancements in recent versions of general circulation models (GCMs), uncertainties persist in simulations of both historical and future precipitation. Notably, disparities exist between the simulated precipitation before 2015 and the projected precipitation in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. In this study, the accuracy of projected precipitation in 12 CMIP6 models was evaluated before and after applying SD and EDCDFm methods, by comparing with observed precipitation data during 2015–2020. This study aims to address the gap in the comprehensive evaluation of projected precipitation against observational data. The results of the study showed that: (1) Downscaling and bias correction improved the skill of CMIP6 models in simulating spatial distribution of precipitation during 1961–2014, especially in east China. However, bias‐corrected projected precipitation during 2015–2020 exhibited a dry bias over most of China. (2) Bias correction improved the capability of CMIP6 models in simulating historical monthly variations in precipitation, but did not address the issue of projected precipitation following the simulated seasonal cycles. (3) The improvement of projected precipitation after bias correction was limited during 2015–2020, and for CanESM5, IPSL‐CM6A‐LR, and MIROC6 models, bias correction even exacerbated the bias of projected precipitation over the Song–Liao River, Yangtze River, and Southeast River basins. (4) Bias‐corrected CMIP6 models generally underestimated the increase in precipitation after 2015, but projected precipitation over China was still expected to increase during 2015–2099 after bias correction. These findings emphasize the need for more precise strategic suggestions to improve the projection of precipitation.
Transcriptome analysis reveals genes related to the synthesis and metabolism of cell wall polysaccharides in goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) from various regions
Authors: Ma Ruixue , Zhang Meng , Yang Xiaohua , Guo Jia , Fan Yanli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.), the cell wall properties and ripening environment affect fruit quality and their economic benefits. However, the mechanism underlying the cell wall remains to be fully elucidated.RESULTSThe results showed that total sugar content was higher in Qinghai berries (13.87%, P < 0.01), whereas cellulose content peaked in Zhongning berries (28%, P < 0.05). Arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid were the principal components of the cell wall polysaccharides in goji berries. Among them, the content of galactose in Zhongning was significantly the highest (P < 0.05). Interestingly, we found that highly expressed β‐glucosidase and lowly expressed endoglucanase led to cellulose accumulation by RNA‐sequencing analysis. The expression analysis results suggested that pectate lyase and pectinesterase enzymes could be major factors related to higher galactose and galacturonic acid contents in Zhongning compared to in Qinghai and Gansu. The starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, pentose and glucuronate interconversions pathway, and galactose metabolism pathway played a significant role in cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and metabolism.CONCLUSIONIn the present study, we aimed to provide some insights into the cell wall on polysaccharide composition, structural features, and gene analysis in goji berries from Zhongning, Qinghai, and Gansu in China. These results might help to clarify the molecular function of the major genes in the cell wall polysaccharides of goji berries and provide a solid foundation for further study. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Development of NIRS calibration curves for sugars in baked sweetpotato
Authors: Amankwaah Victor A. , Williamson Sharon , Reynolds Rong , Ibrahem Ragy , Pecota Kenneth V. , Zhang Xiaofei , Olukolu Bode A. , Truong Van‐Den , Carey Edward , Felde Thomas Zum , Ssali Reuben , Yencho George Craig 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundVariability in sugar content between raw and cooked sweetpotato storage roots impact nutritional and dietary importance with implications for consumer preference. High‐throughput phenotyping is required to breed varieties that satisfy consumer preferences.ResultsNear‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration curves were developed for analysing sugars in baked storage roots using 147 genotypes from a population segregating for sugar content and other traits. The NIRS prediction curves had high coefficients of determination in calibration (R2c) of 0.96 (glucose), 0.93 (fructose), 0.96 (sucrose), and 0.96 (maltose). The corresponding coefficients of determination for cross‐validation (R2cv) were 0.92 (glucose), 0.89 (fructose), 0.96 (sucrose) and 0.93 (maltose) and were similar to the R2c for all sugars measured. The ratios of the standard deviation of the reference set to the standard error of cross‐validation were greater than three for all sugars. These results confirm the applicability of the NIRS curves in efficiently determining sugar content in baked sweetpotato storage roots. External validation was performed on an additional 70 genotypes. Coefficients of determination (r2) were 0.88 (glucose), 0.88 (fructose), 0.86 (sucrose) and 0.49 (maltose). The results were comparable to those found for the calibration and cross‐validation in fructose, glucose, and sucrose, but were moderate for maltose due to the low variability of maltose content in the population.ConclusionsNIRS can be used for screening sugar content in baked sweetpotato storage roots in breeding programs and can be used to assist with the development of improved sweetpotato varieties that better meet consumer preferences. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Photodynamic Therapy Minimally Affects HEMA‐DMAEMA Hydrogel Viscoelasticity
Authors: Willis Jace A. , Trevino Alexandria , Nguyen Calvin , Benjamin Chandler C. , Yakovlev Vladislav V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoft matter implants are a rapidly growing field in medicine for reconstructive surgery, aesthetic treatments, and regenerative medicine. Though these procedures are efficacious, all implants carry risks associated with microbial infection which are often aggressive. Preventative and responsive measures exist but are limited in applicability to soft materials. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) presents a means to perform safe and effective antimicrobial treatments in proximity to soft implants. HEMA‐DMAEMA hydrogels are prepared with the photosensitizer methylene blue included at 10 and 100 µM in solution used for swelling over 2 or 4 days. Thirty minutes or 5 h of LED illumination at is then used for PDT‐induced generation of reactive oxygen species in direct contact with hydrogels to test viable limits of treatment. Frequency sweep rheological measurements reveal minimal overall changes in terms of loss modulus and loss factor but a statistically significant drop in storage modulus for some PDT doses, though within the range of controls and biological variation. These mild impacts suggest the feasibility of PDT application for infection clearing in proximity to soft implants. Future investigation with additional hydrogel varieties and current implant models will further detail the safety of PDT in implant applications.