bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Uracil Derivatives and their Biological Activity
Authors: Hassan Saieba S. , Al-syar Hassan, Abdulkarim H. 
Published: March 2023

This research includes the synthesis of thirty derivatives of uracil.
Nucleophilic substitution reaction (thiol, alkylthio, hydrazino,
thioacid,.. etc) of 4-chlorouracil afforded the corresponding
derivatives. The 4-(2`-thiol-1` ,3`,4`-oxadiazole-5`-thiomethyl) uracil
(12), ( N` - phenyl – 2` - thio -1` ,3`,4`-triazole-5`-methyl)-(2,6-
dihydroxy-4-pyrimidinyl) sulphide (14) and 5-(2`,6`-dihydroxy-4`-
pyrimidinyl thioacetamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (15), were
synthesized by treatment of 4-thioacetichydrazide uracil (11) with
carbon disulfide in the presence of a base or phenylisothiocyanate in
the presence of base. Mannich bases of alkynyl thio derivativeis (3a &
10) were synthesized by the reaction of paraformaldehyde and
secondary amine in the presence of CuCl (19a,b & 20a,b).
These compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (IR &
UV), by their elemental analysis (C,H,N) and Rf values.
Biological activity of the synthesized compounds was determined
A Study of α β Tracker with Some New Algorithms for Selecting α and β Parameters
Authors: Al-Wagih Khalil S. M. , Abdulla Mohammed F. 
Published: March 2023

This paper deals with target tracking using α β Tracker. Some of the
theoretical properties of this classical tracker are discussed and the
problem of selecting the suitable α and β parameters is studied. Two
well known classical methods of estimating α and β parameters are
veiwed and another three new algorithms of estimating these
parameters are suggested. Some simulation experiements are
performed in the cases of white noise and color noise to check the
accuracy of the classical as well as the new ones. The performance of
our new suggested algorithms seems to be very well.
Production of New Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) Cultivar
Authors: Alyounis Abdul Hamid A. 
Published: March 2023

A field trial was conducted to produce a new cultivar from the local variety jera'a. The experiment
was carried out for two seasons, 2006 and 2007 using mass selection plant breeding method.
The results showed highly significant increase in stock for the new selected cultivar over the local
variety amounted to 11.49 % for stock yield, and highly significant increase in grain yield giving 3.50
t/h. for the new cultivar over the local variety 2.67 t/h. This increase represented 23.71% and 25.75%
in grain yield and kernel/head respectively.
Highly significant correlation coefficient was obtained between grain yield and kernels/head
(0.964**) and between plant length and stock yield (0.701**).
It is recommended to multiply the new selected cultivar seeds to be distributed to farmers, as well as
to use them for further breeding work.
دراسة مقارنة لإنتاجية و كفاءة عمل نماذج من المجمعات الشمسية الحرارية في الظروف المناخية المختلفة في بعض مدن الجمهورية اليمنية
Authors: بارعدي عبدالله احمد 
Published: March 2023

يتناول البحث دراسة المجمعات الشمسية الحرارية المستوية , المركّزات الشمسية البؤرية والمركزات ذي المقطع المكافئ الاسطواني , لحل بعض مشكلات البيئة واستنزاف الوقود الاحفوري في اليمن , واستثمارها في تشغيل أنظمة التسخين والتدفئة والتكييف الهوائي.
كما تمّ وضع منهج لحساب القدرة الحرارية للمتر المربع من سطحها الفاعل , وكذلك حساب إنتاجيتها وكفاءة استخدامها في عدة مدن مختلفة المناخ والموقع الفلكي والطبوغرافي : صنعاء, وصعده , وعدن, الحديدة , وسيئون , ومأرب و الريان.
استنتج من البحث أن : المجمعات الشمسية الحرارية المسطحة , والمركزات الشمسية المحرقية و المركزات الشمسية ذي القطع المكافئ الاسطواني العاملة في المناطق اليمنية المدروسة تمتلك حسب ترتيبها النتائج الآتية :
القدرة الحرارية: 49-241W/m2 و 153-792W/m2 و 350-2240 W/m2. إنتاجية محطاتها الشمسية هي: 1.4-9 Mj/m2 , 5-30 Mj/m2 و10-81 Mj/m2 , ومعامل الاستخدام لقدرتها المنتجة: 52-96% , 49-96%و45-95%.
هذه المؤشرات تؤكد إمكانية استخدام هذه المجمعات و المركزات الشمسية بفعالية في اليمن.
Smoking and Khat Chewing Among Yemeni Women in Aden Governorate
Authors: Thabet Ahmed A. K. , Suroory Siham A. 
Published: March 2023

Background: khat is a plant which is cultivated in Yemen and the horn of Africa. The small leaves are chewed by people for their stimulating effects. The mental and physical stimulating effects of khat chewing are due to the sympathemimetic substances in khat. The most important is cathinone.
Smoking is also an increasing health problem in Yemen. The aims of this study, therefore, are to determine the prevalence of khat chewing and smoking habit among Yemeni women in Aden governorate and to find the association between khat chewing and smoking.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted which involved 250 women from different sectors of society in Aden governorate.
Results: The study showed that the life time prevalence of smoking was 80% while both life time smokers and chewers was 100%. Thirty three percent (33% ) of the life time chewers and 32.7% of the life time smokers have duration of khat chewing and smoking from 10 to 19 years. 15.9% of the ever khat chewers and 19.6% of the ever cigarette smokers have had duration from 30 to 39 years. Also, the study shows that the habit of khat chewing is a very important risk factor in increasing the addiction of smoking with a frequency of 96.9% of smoking during khat chewing, compared to 3.3% of khat chewing without smoking.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated high prevalence of smoking and khat chewing among women in Aden governorate. Also, the study demonstrated the high prevalence of cigarette smoking among chewers.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Selenium Derivatives of 3,5-Naphtho–1-Seleoncyclohexane
Authors: Al-Hazam Hanan A. , Al-Timari Usama S. , Faili Naeem T. 
Published: March 2023

A new series of heterocyclic derivatives from 3,5–naphtho-1- selenocyclohexane have been prepared (C12 H10 SeX; X=CL Br, I) and C12H10 SeRX; R=CH3; X=I)
The new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, H1NMR and molar conductance. Conductivity measurements of these compounds in DMSO solution indicated that they behave as week electrolytes
On A Class of Locally Convex Involution Algebras
Authors: AL-Wosabi Abdullah Ghalib H. 
Published: March 2023

In this paper we introduced a class of locally convex involution algebras called MBG*-algebras as generalized of GB*-algebras was introduced by Allan. We obtain some results on this class and established a necessary and sufficient conditions for a commutative MGB*-algebra to be symmetric.
Mathematics Subject Classifications: 46A03, 46K05,46H05.
Prevalence of Mitral Valve Prolapse and Its Adverse Sequelae in Healthy Adult Yemenis
Authors: Jayed Dhaifullah 
Published: March 2023

Background: Mitral valve prolapse is a common cardiac disease with frequent complications.
Objectives: To study the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in healthy Yemenis associated with the prevalence of its adverse sequelae.
Methods: We performed echocardiography for 1164 healthy Yemeni individuals: 615 women and 549 men (mean age ± SD 45.7 ± 10 years).Classical mitral valve prolapse was defined as a superior displacement of mitral valve leaflets at least 2 mm with a maximal leaflets thickness of at least 5 mm during diastasis. On the other hand, nonclassic prolapse was defined as displacement of more than 2 mm with a maximal thickness of less than 5 mm.
Results: 74 subjects (6.3 percent) had mitral valve prolapse, 40 (3.4 percent) had classic prolapse and 34 (2.9 percent) had nonclassic prolapse. None of the patients with prolapse had a history of heart failure nor anyone had atrial fibrillation except one patient (1.3 percent) had cerebrovascular disease and two patients (2.7 percent) had syncope, as compared with unadjusted prevalence of these findings on the individuals without prolapse of 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 and 1.3 percent, respectively. Chest pain, dyspnea and electrocardiographic change frequencies were similar between two groups.
Conclusion: The prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in adult Yemenis was 6.3 percent, which is similar to the results of other studies in different countries but with low prevalence of adverse sequelae in comparison to those studies.
Management of Pancreatic Carcinoma at Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital Sana'a, Yemen
Authors: Al-Amry Ali L. , Shuga'a Abdul Rahman , Haomash Nagi 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This descriptive study aims to evaluate surgical management of pancreatic cancer at Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital-Sana’a, Yemen and to provide reflection of clinical presentation and risk factors for pancreatic cancer in Yemen.
Methodology:The study was a retrospective descriptive study of forty four patients with pancreatic cancer subjected to surgical treatmentat Al-Thawra Modern general hospital, Sana’a, Yemen over a period from July 2009 to January 2012.
Results: Total numbers of patients were 26 males and 18 females with mean age of 62 years. Pancreatic cancers were located in the head of pancreas in 84%, periampulary in 9.1% and 6.8% in the body & tail. Pancreatic cancer was found to be more frequent among smokers 75%. Most patients were presented with obstructive jaundice 81.8%, vague abdominal pain 66% and weight loss 27.3%.Abdominal computer tomography (CT) scanning was done for all cases. Clinical presentation and the accuracy of CT scan in diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer are approximately similar to that reported in other countries 81% and 82%.
Curative surgical resections were done for 26 cases while palliative surgeries were performed for 18 irresectable cases. Most of complications and all mortality cases occurred among patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple operation). However, we reported a higher mortality rate (17.4%) after Whipple operation at Al- Thawra Hospital-Sana’a than other high volume centers.

Recommendations: This study recommends multidisciplinary approach for managing pancreatic cancers with liberal use of abdominal CT scan for diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancers in suspected cases. Meticulous surgical techniques are advised in improving the surgical management of pancreatic cancer with minimal complications. Further extended studies to evaluate the different factors affecting surgery for pancreatic cancers and to provide basis for improvement in the surgical management of pancreatic cancers.
Delayed Reverse Sural Artery Flap with Skin Pedicle Technique Versus Standard Island Sural Artery Flap for Reconstruction of Lower Leg, Ankle and Malleoli
Authors: Naeem Abdullah Y. , Saeed Albhloly , Almalahy Ahmed , Abdulmughny Yasser 
Published: March 2023

Background and objectives: Standard reverse island sural artery flap is the most common usage for distal third defects of the leg. However many authors reported 36 % complication rate mainly partial or complete flap loss , that is attributed to venous congestion. Delayed reverse sural artery flap in two stages with skin pedicle technique is reliable and less complicated. In this study was compare between the results of both techniques.
Patients & Methods: The study included forty patients presented to AL-Wahda University Hospital and 48 Military Hospital , after trauma of lower leg with complete loss of soft tissue and exposure of underlying structures ,within periods Oct 2013 to May 2017. The patients were thirty male and ten female , their age ranged between fifteen to sixty years old . Reverse island sural artery flap was used in twenty patients, while delayed sural artery flap was used in twenty patients too.The results of both techniques were compared.
Results: In our study the standard reverse island sural artery flap is good option for reconstruction of lower leg , ankle and malleoli defect ,which is performed in twenty patients , the partial necrosis occur in 20% patients and three cases with flap failure ,the venous congestion occur in 35% of patients In this study, we performed reconstruction of the lower leg, heel , and malleoli in another twenty patients by delayed reverse sural artery flap with skin pedicle technique, the flap necrosis occur only in one case and partial flap necrosis occur in two cases only, in comparison with standard technique of reverse island sural artery flap, the venous congestion occur only in four patients 20% , two cases recovering the congestion by leg
elevation and improving the patients hydration , and two cases of venous congestion progressive to partial flap necrosis. Partial necrosis occur in two cases, complete flap necrosis occur in one case and 95% of patients satisfaction in discharge.
Conclusion: The delayed reverse sural artery flap with skin pedicle is very important to avoid of venous congestion and flap failure , especially in old patients , DM , and in patients with peripheral vascular diseases. The goal of our study were achieved , and the patients improved functionally and attained their routine activity. By this technique and modification, make the delayed sural artery flap the first choice in reconstruction of the lower third defect of leg , heel and ankle. and is less postoperative venous congestion and flap failure. Delayed sural artery flap in two stages with skin pedicle technique is convenience and less complication particularly for old patients with diabetes mellitus and peripheral limb ischemia or venous insufficiency.
Pattern of Childhood Poisoning and Intoxication in AL Salam Hospital Sadah -Yemen
Authors: AL Bahlooly Mohamed A. H. 
Published: March 2023

Background and objectives: The poisoning among children is a pediatric emergency and a worldwide problem that vary in different part of the world. The study aims to investigate the clinical profile and outcome of childhood poisoning and intoxication in Yemen.
Patients and methods: All patients admitted to pediatrics wards in A-Salam Hospital -Sadah governorate for ingestion of poisons over period from January 2010 to December 2011 were included in this retrospective descriptive study. The targeted group was age between 6 months and 14 years of age. The data was collected from medical records retrospectively and was analyzed with SPSS 12.0 software.
The results: Total number of cases was 660 patients. They were 368 (55.8%) females and 292 (44.2%) males with female to male ratio of 1.26:1 with age ranging from 6 months to 14 years.
Of these, 476 patients (72.1%) were
Job Satisfaction And Its Effects on Staff Performance of Al Thawra Hospital in Sana'a, Yemen
Authors: Al-Mutawakel Adel 
Published: March 2023

Job satisfaction - or lack of it - hinges on a productive, accomplishing relationship between staff and management; indeed, the success of any organization depends on staff members who enjoy their jobs and feel rewarded by their efforts. Ultimately, of all the people in the health care institutions may suffer the most when this vital success factor is lacking. In the past, many scholars have been directed on job satisfaction but this still remains an issue for many organizations.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the job satisfaction of Al Thawra Hospital's staff in Sana'a and its effect on their job performance.
Methodology: A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from several departments of the mentioned hospital. Convenient sampling technique was used and 200 questionnaires were circulated and returned back for analysis. SPSS application was used for data analysis statistically.
Results: The results showed that the general job satisfaction level for health workers of Al Thawra Hospital was low (mean = 2.45, SD = 0.64). Health workers' job satisfactions have affected on their job performance (13%) ranged from work environment (15%) to salary (4%).
Conclusion and recommendations: Authority of the hospital has to meet its workers' social and economic needs especially salary and rewards. They have to provide a suitable work environment that plays an important role in enhancing workers performances
Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Praktik Upah Kerja Buruh Tani dengan Sistem “Derep”
Authors: Hidayat Roni , Agustine Hendra Karunia , Hasanah Anisa 
Published: March 2023

Upah menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam hal sewa menyewa jasa, karena dengan upah seorang pekerja akan merasa lebih dihargai atas jasa yang telah mereka keluarkan. Ada beberapa macam istilah buruh tani yang digunakan oleh masyarakat di Desa Linggajaya, ada buruh harian, buruh borongan, buruh dengan sistem kontrak, serta buruh derep. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui praktik pengupahan buruh tani dengan sistem derep dan untuk mengetahui tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap praktik pengupahan buruh tani dengan sistem derep di Desa Linggajaya Kecamatan Ciwaru kabupaten Kuningan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cara berpikir yang induktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriftif analisis, dengan jenis penelitian lapangan. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer dan skunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis datanya dengan mereduksi data, penyajian data, dan penyimpulan data.
Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan yaitu, Desa Linggajaya merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Ciwaru, dengan mayoritas penduduk bekerja sebagai pedagang (rantau) dan petani. Dalam praktik pengupahan buruh tani dengan sistem derep di Desa Linggajaya dilakukan secara turun-temurun. Namun sekarang sudah jarang masyarakat yang melakukan sistem derep. Meskipun dalam praktik derep pembayaran upah ditangguhkan, namun hal tersebut telah menjadi kesepakatan antara petani dan buruh tani. Sehingga dalam sistem pembayarannya diperbolehkan dalam Islam karena mengandung unsur saling tolong-menolong dan telah ada kerelaan dari kedua belah pihak. Namun pembayaran upah pada saat terjadi gagal panen, hendaknya untuk tidak membuat penangguhan kembali pembayaran pada saat panen berikutnya, atau diikhlaskan oleh buruh tani, tetapi lebih baik digantikan langsung dengan uang tunai yang nominalnya sama dengan bekerja selama dua hari, untuk menghindari kerugian dan ketidakjelasan akad.
Kata kunci: Hukum Islam, Praktik Upah Kerja, Buruh Tani, Sistem Derep
Study of prevalence of sexually transmitted infection in patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection
Authors: Sthapit Rekha , Acharya Ramesh Prasad , Prasad Pratap Narayan 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are commonly encountered in day to day practice of a general practitioner.The purpose of this study is to determine if there is an association between urinary tract infections (UTI) and sexually transmitted infections (STI), as both may present with similar symptoms.
Methods: This was a hospital based, prospective observational study in 104 women of 18 to 49 years age group, done during a period of six months at Patan hospital. Urinalysis results and genital examination findings were recorded.STI was defined as a vaginal swab positive for Trichomonas vaginalis(TV)/Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG)/Chlamydia trachomatis(CT).UTI was defined as urinary WBC >=6per high power film. A urine c/s >105 colonies of a single pathogen was considered urine culture positive.
Results: Mean age of patients was 28.38 years. The most prevalent organism was TV (6/104, 5.8%), followed by NG(4/104,3.8%) and CT(2/104, 1.2%). 11.5% of women had STI , while 57.7% were urine culture positive. Out of those with urine culture positive, 83.3% had urinary WBC<30/hpf , and 16.7% had urinary WBC> 30/hpf. The relation between pyuria and urine c/s positivity was significant ( p value 0.005). The prevalence of STI in urine c/s positive group was 13.3%, and in urine c/s negative group was 9.1% ( p value 0.553).
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of STI between urine culture positive and negative groups.
Socio-demographic factors affecting family planning decisions among the married women in rural district of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Tirtha Man , Gauchan Shrijana , Acharya Ramesh Prasad 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Various socio-demographic factors are known to play decisive role in the acceptance of family planning methods. Commonly known factors include age of the women, age at marriage, age at first pregnancy, education and occupation.
Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional, observational study conducted at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital among married women of reproductive age (15-49 years) attending either general OPD clinic or family planning clinic. Data were collected through an interview using a predesigned questionnaire.
Results: Age of women had statistical significance as the acceptance increased with the age. More than two-third of women using methods of family planning were married before the age of 20 years. About 43% of women had first pregnancy before the age of 20 years. There was no statistical significance between the current use of family planning methods and the education (p- value 0.6) and the various occupations (p-value 0.1).
Conclusion: There is a need for particular emphasis on contraceptive needs of adolescents and to improve accessibility and availability of all family planning services.
Parotid Tumor: A review of seven yearsâ€™ experience
Authors: Shah Surendra , Shah Jay Nath , Gongal Rajesh Nath , Shrestha Sameer , Poudyal Sanjay 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Parotid tumors represent about 80% of all salivary gland tumors. Our study was conducted to assess the clinical features, diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), surgical outcome and histological pattern of all patients underwent parotid surgery for parotid tumor at Patan Hospital.
Methods: All data of patients who underwent parotid surgery from 2060 to 2067 BC at Patan Hospital were collected retrospectively from medical files and analyzed.
Results: Among 18, all were presented with lump in the parotid region. Mean age of the patients was 45 years. Malignancy was common among older age group (mean age 51 vs 44 for benign). The overall accuracy in detecting malignant tumors was 88.89% with positive predictive and negative predictive values 100% and 83.24% respectively. Out of 18 histological reports, 15(83.33%) were benign lesions, pleomorphic adenoma was being most common 9(60%) among benign lesions, and 3(16.67%) were malignant lesions.
Conclusion: Painless lump is most common presentation of the parotid tumor. Benign pathology is common and majority of them are pleomorphic adenoma. Malignancy is prevalent in older age group.
Discrepancy in the early childhood mortality rates obtained from the two recent surveys of Nepal
Authors: Bhandary Shital 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: In Nepal, early childhood mortality rates are derived from the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are prone to sampling and non-sampling errors being the probabilistic in nature. Thus, it is required to compare these mortality rates with other similar national survey to validate the findings.
Methods: Early childhood mortality rates were calculated using one of survival analysis methods or Kaplan-Meier Life Table technique on birth histories of the 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey and 2011 Nepal Living Standard Survey. Life table standard errors were used to calculate confidence interval in order tostatistically compare the early childhood mortality rates within and between these surveys.
Results: Life table estimates of early childhood mortalities on the 2011 Nepal Demographic Health Survey birth histories were similar to the published rates. Both surveys revealed declining trend of these mortality rates. However, estimates from 2011 Nepal Living Standard Survey were found to be significantly lower than the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Further, neonatal mortality was found to be stagnant during 1996-2000 and 2001-2005 periods using Living Standard Survey rather than 2001-2005 and 2006-2010 periods using Demographic and Health Survey.
Conclusion: Two nationally representative surveys of Nepal carried out at same calendar year using similar survey design and identical analysis technique, gave a drastically different early childhood mortality rates.