bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bimekizumab in Axial Spondyloarthritis: 2-Year Results from Two Phase 3 Studies
Authors: Baraliakos Xenofon , Deodhar Atul , van der Heijde Désirée , Van den Bosch Filip , Magrey Marina , Maksymowych Walter P , Tomita Tetsuya , Xu Huji , Massow Ute , Vaux Tom , Prajapati Chetan , Manente Myriam , Marten Alexander , Gensler Lianne S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Bimekizumab, a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively inhibits interleukin (IL)‑17F in addition to IL-17A, previously demonstrated efficacy and was well tolerated to 1 year in patients with non-radiographic (nr-) and radiographic (r-) axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Here, we report bimekizumab safety and efficacy to 2 years.

Methods
Patients completing week 52 in the phase 3 studies BE MOBILE 1 (nr-axSpA; NCT03928704) and 2 (r‑axSpA; NCT03928743) were eligible for an ongoing open‑label extension (OLE; NCT04436640). All OLE patients received subcutaneous bimekizumab 160 mg every 4 weeks. Safety outcomes for patients who received ≥1 bimekizumab dose, and efficacy outcomes for all randomised patients, are reported to week 104.

Results
In the OLE (Weeks 52 − 104), 70.8% (367/518) of patients reported ≥1 treatment‑emergent adverse event (TEAE). Most frequent TEAEs (EAIR/100PY) were SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection (25.2), nasopharyngitis (11.0) and oral candidiasis (5.4). Fungal infection EAIR/100PY was 11.8 (majority Candida infections: 6.8; most mild/moderate, none serious/systemic). Inflammatory bowel disease and uveitis rates were low; no major adverse cardiovascular events or deaths occurred. TEAE incidence rate was generally similar across Weeks 0–52 and 52–104.
At week 104, &gt;50% of randomised patients (N = 586) achieved ASAS40; ∼60% achieved ASDAS low disease activity (&lt;2.1) and &gt;30% achieved ASDAS inactive disease (&lt;1.3). Bimekizumab demonstrated sustained suppression of MRI inflammation at week 104, with &gt;57% of patients achieving MRI remission.

Conclusions
The safety profile of bimekizumab remained consistent with prior reports, with no new safety signals identified. 1-year efficacy was sustained to 2 years across patients with nr‑axSpA and r-axSpA.
Criminalisation and Control: Mediterranean Maritime Search and Rescue Workers’ Perceptions of Uses of Law
Authors: Graffin Neil , Howard Matt , Vincett Joanne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article, based on qualitative research of 22 search and rescue (SAR) activists who save migrant lives at sea, examines perceptions of these activists on measures used to criminalise and control them and their organisations. Recognising the law in this area as contested between the impressions of civic society humanitarian activists and state authorities, it analyses how SAR activists perceive how the law is used to disrupt their work. This article examines not only how the law is developed by government, but it will be argued, utilising the theory of critical legal pluralism, that state officials create law in their encounters with SAR activists and their vessels. This article is therefore significant in demonstrating how state officials can create law for nefarious purposes, which has relevance not only to immigration and maritime law, but to other areas of controversial or contested activity.
A Reproducible Method for Donor Site Computed Tomography Measurements in Abdominally Based Autologous Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Tandon Damini , Sletten Arthur , Ha Austin , Skolnick Gary B. , Commean Paul , Myckatyn Terence 
Published: January 2025

Summary:
We present an approach for evaluating abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans that generates reproducible measures relevant to donor site morbidity after abdominally based breast reconstruction. Seventeen preoperative CT metrics were measured in 20 patients with software: interanterior superior iliac spine distance; abdominal wall protrusion; interrectus distance; rectus abdominis width, thickness, and width-to-thickness ratio; abdominal wall thickness; subcutaneous fat volume; visceral fat volume; right/left psoas volumes and densities; and right/left rectus abdominis volumes and densities. Two operators performed measures to determine interrater reliability (n = 10). Interclass coefficients (ICCs) were calculated, and Bland–Altman plots were fashioned. Intrarater reliability was excellent (ICC > 0.9, 0.958–1) for 15 measures, and good (0.75 < ICC < 0.9, 0.815–0.853) for 2 measures. Interrater reliability was excellent (ICC > 0.9, 0.912–0.995) for 12 measures and good (0.75 < ICC < 0.9, 0.78–0.896) for 5 measures. Bland–Altman plots confirmed intra/interrater agreement. Our study meets its objective of establishing a protocol for obtaining abdominal CT measurements with high reproducibility and intrarater and interrater reliability. Although this study is not meant to weigh the particular influences of various CT measurements on clinical outcomes, we are now actively studying this with the intention of reporting our findings in the near future. Larger patient cohorts must be leveraged to determine correlations between abdominal CT scan findings and donor site outcomes using machine learning algorithms that generate models for predicting abdominal donor site complications.
Social Media Growth Blueprint for Plastic Surgeons: Insights and Considerations From Personal Experience
Authors: Saadya Ahmad , El-Tantawy Tarek 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Social media platforms such as TikTok have recently emerged as influential tools for information dissemination, offering plastic surgeons new opportunities to promote their practices. However, these platforms also present significant challenges regarding online safety, ethical considerations, and the potential spread of misinformation.

Methods:
This study analyzes the experience of gaining 100,000 followers on TikTok within 6 months, highlighting the excitement of rapid growth alongside the challenges posed by the potential for misinformation. We propose a strategic approach to leveraging social media effectively and ethically, focusing on storytelling, educational content, and audience engagement; highlighting unique selling propositions; utilizing analytics; and maintaining consistency. Ethical considerations in medical communication are also discussed, emphasizing the need for robust guidelines.

Results:
From December 2023 to June 2024, the author posted 56 videos in Arabic, the target market’s language. These videos garnered 16,566,900 views and 758,500 likes, with an average video length of 95.36 seconds. This growth led to a 47% increase in nonsurgical aesthetic consultations. Engagement and educational content, such as study tips, received the highest views, totaling 5.6 million, demonstrating the importance of such content in building a follower base for targeted marketing.

Conclusions:
Our findings highlight the power and potential risks of social media in healthcare, advocating for a balanced approach that maximizes benefits while mitigating the spread of misinformation.
Preclinical Study of a Minimally Invasive Cochlear Implant Device Based on 3D Printing of a Custom Guide
Authors: Micault Emmanuel , Chenneviere Adrien , Moreau Sylvain , Hitier Martin 
Published: January 2025

Objective
The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of a custom 3D-printed guide for performing a minimally invasive cochleostomy for cochlear implantation.

Study Design
Prospective performance study.

Setting
Secondary care. Department of Otolaryngology, Caen University Hospital.

Patients
Four unselected patients (eight temporal bones), donated to science.

Intervention
Therapeutic procedure with minimally invasive cochleostomy using a custom drill guide.

Main Outcome Measure
Comparing the difference in trajectory between the cochleostomy axis achieved with the guide and the ideal axis planned preoperatively. A mean accuracy of less than 0.5 mm at the cochlear target was considered satisfactory.
The distance between the drilled axis and certain anatomical structures (facial nerve, external auditory meatus, stapes, and chorda tympani) was also measured.

Results
The average distance between the target and the planned target was 0.51 ± 0.21 mm. No critical structures were damaged.

Conclusion
The results of this feasibility study demonstrated that the precision of this guide was close to the target of less than 0.5 mm, with reassuring safety data regarding critical anatomical structures. It therefore seems worthwhile to pursue the development of the procedure with a larger-scale study, using more precise, high-performance software and cochlear implantation equipment and assessing the quality of electrode insertion.
The Association Between Postoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics and Severe Infections After Cochlear Implantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Meldgaard Thomas Hudlebusch , Taha Martin Abou , Faber Christian Emil , Sorensen Jesper Roed 
Published: January 2025

Objective
To investigate the association between postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis and the risk of infections leading to implant explantation or hospitalization, with a follow-up of up to 12 years.

Study design
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Tertiary medical institution.

Patients
Adult patients (≥18 yr) receiving cochlear implant surgery between 2010 and 2022.

Intervention
Postoperative oral prophylactic antibiotic treatment for 4 to 10 days.

Main Outcome Measures
The medical records of patients receiving cochlear implants were assessed (n = 927). Two groups were formed: group A, receiving postoperative oral antibiotic treatment (period: 2010–2015) (n = 526), and group B, not receiving postoperative oral antibiotic treatment (period: 2016–2022) (n = 401). The two groups were compared regarding infections leading to hospitalization or explantation, and baseline characteristics.

Results
In total, 28 patients (3.0%) had infections requiring explantation or hospitalization. Of these, 13 were explantations (1.4%). The infection rate in group A was 2.9%, compared with 3.2% in group B, with an odds ratio of 1.2 in group B (p = 0.646). Group B had a 2.2 odds ratio of explantation caused by infection compared with group A (p = 0.179). We observed a significant correlation between severe infections in patients previously having otologic surgery (7.7%, p = 0.011) and in patients with previous issues of chronic otitis (16.7%, p = 0.005).

Conclusion
Occurrence of postoperative infection leading to explantation and hospitalization was not significantly associated with the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. However, infections were higher in patients not receiving antibiotic prophylaxis, despite having a lower risk of postoperative infection.
Malignant hypertension induces thrombotic microangiopathy and renal failure: A case report
Authors: Sun Xi , Liu Chunying , Ren Yanyun , He Liqun , Xu Youhua 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) caused by malignant hypertension is an acute and critical disease among rare diseases. Although renal biopsy pathology is a golden indicator for diagnosing kidney disease, it cannot distinguish between primary and secondary TMA and requires a comprehensive diagnosis in conjunction with other laboratory tests and medical history.

Patient concerns:
A 33-year-old young man was hospitalized due to unexplained kidney failure.

Diagnosis:
A young man was admitted to the hospital with unexplained renal failure with severe heart failure and was diagnosed with TMA by renal biopsy. Further investigation excludes primary TMA and is considered to be due to malignant hypertension.

Interventions:
Temporary hemodialysis combined with aggressive blood pressure control and the use of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor are the primary management approach.

Outcomes:
Upon discharge, the patient had ceased dialysis and showed significant renal function recovery. After 1 year follow-up period, creatinine levels remained stable at 2.373 mg/dL, while lactate dehydrogenase, B-type natriuretic peptide, and platelet levels all returned to within normal ranges.

Lessons:
TMA caused by malignant hypertension is rare and similar to the clinical manifestations of TMA caused by Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, but it is often sudden and critical. Early identification and diagnosis and aggressive antihypertensive therapy, must be given to avoid end-stage renal disease, long-term maintenance of dialysis, and the financial burden of unnecessary plasmapheresis and potential side effects of glucocorticoids.
Disseminated organ and tissue infection secondary to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection for acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with ceftazidime–avibactam: Two case reports
Authors: He Mingxia , Jiang Yuxia , Wu Haiying , Xu Xiaofeng , Jiang Huifang 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) bloodstream infections are a severe complication resulting from granulocyte deficiency following chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies and have a high mortality rate. However, reports of disseminated organ infections secondary to bloodstream infections are rare.

Patient concerns and diagnoses:
We report 2 cases of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who both developed CRKP bloodstream infections during the granulocyte deficiency stage following chemotherapy, with 1 case of secondary bacterial liver abscess and 1 case of secondary septic arthritis.

Interventions and outcomes:
Based on the results of drug sensitivity testing, both patients were treated with ceftazidime–avibactam, and the infections were rapidly and effectively controlled without significant adverse effects.

Lessons:
Ceftazidime–avibactam exhibited satisfactory efficacy and safety in the 2 cases of disseminated organ infection secondary to CRKP bloodstream infection following chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Residents’ willingness and awareness to participate in internet+nursing service in China: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Xiaotao , Li Nan , Gao Fang , Wen Xianxiu , Zhang Qin , Hu Rong , Wang Yun , Xiao Li 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The internet + nursing service is an important initiative for implementing the strategy of healthy China and actively responding to the aging of the population. However, the current literature on residents’ awareness and willingness to participate is insufficient and presents large variations and limitations. Therefore, this study aims to systematically evaluate the awareness and willingness of Chinese residents to participate in internet + nursing service to comprehensively understand the level of awareness and acceptance of this emerging service model among Chinese residents and to provide strong support for relevant policy formulation and service optimization.

Methods:
The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, SinoMed, and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect cross-sectional studies related to the awareness and willingness of Chinese residents to participate in internet + nursing service from inception to January 2024. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies.

Results:
A total of 27 cross-sectional studies involving 11,761 subjects were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the percentage of Chinese residents willing to participate in internet + nursing service was 76.3% (95% CI [71.2%, 81.3%]). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that residents who lived in Western regions (82.1%), had employee medical insurance (85.9%), were suffering from other diseases (89.2%), were under the age of 60 (87.8%), were not married (78.9%), and had an undergraduate degree or above (85.5%) had a relatively high willingness to participate in internet + nursing service. The rate of awareness of internet + nursing service among Chinese residents was 48.6% (95% CI [24.1%, 73.2%]), which shows a downwards trend over time (67.4% in 2019, 56.1% in 2020, and 45.1% in 2021).

Conclusion:
The willingness to participate in internet + nursing service among Chinese residents is high, but the awareness rate is low. It is necessary to improve the awareness and willingness of Chinese residents to use internet + nursing service through various channels and aspects of publicity and promotion to achieve the goal of innovating the health service model, accurately connecting with the diverse health needs of people, and actively responding to the aging population.
Anesthetic management for upper arm amputation in a patient with acute rapid atrial fibrillation and a large thyroid goiter: A case report
Authors: Teng Yue , Wei He , Hao Siqi , Nan Yongshan 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
Patients with atrial fibrillation and a large goiter have high perioperative risks and often cannot tolerate general anesthesia, making it necessary for us to explore new safe and effective anesthesia methods.

Patient concerns:
The patient presented with atrial fibrillation accompanied by rapid ventricular rate, a thrombus attached to the left atrial appendage, and a massive thyroid goiter compressing the airway.

Diagnosis:
After the left humerus fracture surgery, the patient’s internal fixation loosened and fractured, accompanied by infection, formation of sinus tracts, and suppuration. Consequently, an emergency left upper arm amputation was performed.

Interventions:
An ultrasound-guided subclavian brachial plexus block combined with intercostobrachial nerve block via the axillary region was performed on a high-risk elderly patient.

Outcomes:
We opted for a multi-regional block technique, which allowed us to avoid the numerous risks associated with general anesthesia. The surgery proceeded smoothly, the patient reported no significant discomfort, and was discharged 1 week postoperatively.

Lessons:
This case demonstrates that a well-executed multi-regional block can provide satisfactory anesthesia, offering a viable alternative for managing anesthesia in high-risk patients.
Maternal X chromosome pericentric inversion resulting in the genetic analysis of offspring pedigrees with deletions at Xp22.33 and Xp22.33p11.3, and duplications at Xq27.3q28: Case report
Authors: Deng Guo-Sheng , Lai Yu-Qing , Luo Bo-Wen , Luo Yu-Di , Zhu Ling-Ling , Yang Zeng-Yu , Feng Keng , Li De-Rong , Li Xiang 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
This study investigates the genetic cause of primary infertility and short stature in a woman, focusing on maternal X chromosome pericentric inversion and its impact on offspring genetic outcomes, including deletions at Xp22.33 and Xp22.33p11.3, and duplications spanning Xq27.3 to the distal end of the X chromosome’s long arm.

Patient concerns:
The proband presented with primary infertility, menstrual irregularities, and ultrasound findings indicating a small uterus.

Diagnoses:
Peripheral blood G-banded karyotype analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis revealed a 46,X,rec(X)dup(Xq)inv(X)(p11.3q27)dmat karyotype in the proband, inherited from her mother. Genetic testing identified pathogenic deletions at Xp22.33 and Xp22.33p11.3, and a pathogenic duplication at Xq27.3q28.

Interventions:
Genetic counseling and pedigree analysis were conducted to trace the maternal origin of the pericentric inversion and assess recurrence risks.

Outcomes:
The study confirmed the maternal X chromosome pericentric inversion caused the observed genetic abnormalities, with a 50% recurrence risk for X-linked inheritance.

Lessons:
Maternal X chromosome pericentric inversion significantly affects offspring genetic outcomes. Assisted reproductive technologies, including in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing, are recommended to reduce recurrence risks in future pregnancies. Prenatal genetic testing is advised for natural conception to ensure fetal genetic health.
Factors influencing antiretroviral therapy switching in people with virologically suppressed HIV-1: a cross-sectional multicenter study in France
Authors: Pourcher Valérie , Robineau Olivier , Parienti Jean-Jacques , Loubet Paul , Palacios Christia , Jacomet Christine , Benachir Haydar , Mariot Philippe , Spire Bruno , Slama Laurence 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In France, over 90% of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) achieve virological suppression with effective combination of antiretroviral therapies (ART), but limited data exist on the motivation for switching ART.

Objective:
To describe the reasons and determinants for switching ART, with a particular focus on doravirine-based regimens, in routine clinical practice in France.

Design:
This analysis of cross-sectional baseline data is part of the DoraVIH study, a French, multicenter (15 sites), two-step observational cohort study that includes prospective follow-up for a subset of participants.

Methods:
Eligible participants were PLWH under ART regimen, virologically suppressed for at least 6-months, doravirine-naïve and switching ART regimen. Sociodemographic and clinical data, ART history, and reasons for switching ART were assessed at baseline.

Results:
Inclusions occurred between December 13, 2021 and September 21, 2022. Of the 291 PLWH included whose data were analyzed, 143 switched to doravirine-based regimen (DOR PLWH) and 148 to another combined regimen (non-DOR PLWH). Mean age was 51.6 years and 206 participants (70.8%) were men. At baseline, 35 (25.0%) DOR PLWH and 15 (10.6%) non-DOR PLWH had Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 (p = 0.007). The most common reasons for switching were treatment simplification, tolerability and drug-drug interactions, accounting for 79.7% of all reasons. Among the 68 participants with prior tolerability issues, 47 (69.1%) switched to doravirine-based regimen.

Conclusions:
Primary reasons for switch were treatment simplification and tolerability. Participants with obesity were more likely to switch to doravirine, reflecting physicians’ favorable perception of doravirine potential benefits, particularly in managing weight gain.
Cost-effective and Flexible Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) Using Adaptive Sampling-based Targeted Nanopore Sequencing (ASTN-seq)
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , He Shujing , Ding Taoli , Liang Xiaoyan , Fang Cong , Zeng Haitao , Xu Linan , Li Xiaolan , Jia Lei , Zhang Shihui , Su Wenlong , Sun Peng , Yang Ji , Ren Jun , Lu Sijia , Ren Zi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGenetic diseases encompass a spectrum of disorders resulting from DNA variations. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is a critical strategy for preventing recurrent miscarriage, foetal malformations, and the birth of children affected by chromosomal abnormalities and monogenic disorders. Traditional PGT techniques necessitate comprehensive pedigree genetic data for haplotype linkage analysis, whereas PGT employing third-generation sequencing (TGS) has distinct advantages, particularly in cases of incomplete pedigree information,de novomutations, and complex pathogenic variants. Nevertheless, the widespread application of TGS-based PGT in clinical practice encounters hurdles owing to its high costs. Targeted sequencing technologies present a promising solution by selectively enriching regions of interest while disregarding nontargeted areas, offering a more cost-effective and flexible alternative. In this study, we employed next-generation sequencing (NGS) and adaptive sampling-based targeted nanopore sequencing (ASTN-seq) to analyse samples from five couples who carried balanced translocations andHBBgene pathogenic mutations, as well as three additional couples with monogenic diseases caused by mutations inPKD1,ASNS, orALPL. ASTN-seq successfully identified various mutations and facilitated haplotype linkage analysis, confirming its accuracy and reliability. Successful embryo transfer and subsequent prenatal diagnosis in certain families underscore the potential of ASTN-seq in assisted reproduction. Compared with traditional NGS-based PGT techniques, our work highlights that ASTN-seq is a promising tool for PGT, offering cost-effective solutions for PGT, especially for incomplete pedigrees andde novomutations.