bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMOTIONAL FUNCTIONING IN PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA AND CAREGIVER AFFECT DURING DYADIC INTERACTIONS
Authors: Cozad Hannah , Chen Yuxuan , Brown Casey , Scheffer Julian A , Chen Kuan-Hua , Levenson Robert W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dementia caregivers can experience negative affect when interacting with their care recipients. However, few studies have examined the specific factors that predict caregiver negative affect in this dyadic context. We hypothesized that deficits in care recipients’ emotional functioning would be associated with increased intensity of caregivers’ negative affect during interactions with their care recipient. Caregivers (Nf100) reported on two aspects of their care recipients’ emotional functioning: (1) emotion recognition (the ability to recognize other people’s emotions), and (2) negative emotional reactivity (the ability to generate negative emotional responses). Dyads then visited the laboratory and engaged in a 10-minute conversation about an area of conflict in their relationship. Caregivers then watched recordings of their conversation while rating the valence and intensity of their experienced affect using a rating dial. We used these ratings to quantify changes in caregivers’ emotional valence across the course of the conversation. Caregivers of care recipients with greater deficits in emotion recognition demonstrated greater increases in negative affect across the conversation. In contrast, care recipients’ negative emotional reactivity was not related to changes in the valence of caregivers’ affect across the conversation. Findings remained significant even after accounting for caregiver baseline valence ratings, biological sex, and age, as well as the care recipients’ diagnosis and level of cognitive impairment. Results reveal the important role that care recipients’ deficits in emotion recognition play in caregivers’ emotional lives. Caregivers’ negative affect may be more likely to increase when their care recipient has deficits in emotion recognition.
COGNITIVE STATUS AND HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION IN AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: EARLY RESULTS OF A LONGITUDINAL PILOT STUDY
Authors: Dawson Walter , Spoden Natasha , Gothard Sarah , Wright Kirsten , Kaye Jeffrey 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many people living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) never receive a formal disease diagnosis. This compromises wellbeing and increases health services utilization and care costs. Wider screening and assessment for ADRD may increase access to supportive care, improve allocation of medical care, and foster interventions that prevent or delay disease progression. A sample of Medicare-enrolled individuals 65+ (n=60) consecutively presenting to the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) emergency department (ED) in Portland, Oregon consented to the study and were administered the TICS, a validated tool for telephone-based assessments of cognition, post-discharge from the ED. Study participants were asked about their physical health via the modified Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (M-CIRS), and their cognitive health via the PROMIS Cognitive Measure Questions on Mental Clarity. Care utilization patterns were measured via review of participants’ electronic health records (EHR) for three years prior to study enrollment focusing on total hospitalizations, ED visits, and primary care (PC) visits.Medicare-enrolled adults 65+ recently discharged from the ED were a feasible population to perform a cognitive assessment. The study enrollment rate was 24.2% (n=60). Enrollment was limited to patients with their PC affiliated with the OHSU health system, which excluded the majority (792, 73.8%) of ED patients Medicare-enrolled, 65+ from our study (1,072). This study provides preliminary evidence to support focusing on older ED patients to administer cognitive assessments, linking outcomes to the EHR, and ultimately providing a platform for future research on impacts of under-diagnosed ADRD on population-level health outcomes and care utilization.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADHERENCE SUPPORT MESSAGES FOR AN AI-BASED REMINDER SYSTEM
Authors: Zhang Shenghao , Dieciuc Michael , Dilanchian Andrew , Boot Walter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds tremendous potential for aiding in the customization and tailoring of interventions. This talk will focus on the initial development of an adherence support system to maintain older adults' engagement with at-home cognitive training and assessment delivered via mobile devices. As part of the NIA funded Adherence Promotion with Person-centered Technology (APPT) project, a reminder and adherence support system is being developed to automatically detect adherence lapses and provide just-in-time reminders with tailored messaging to facilitate reengagement. The results of an initial study (N=40) will be presented in which participants were delivered reminders via SMS text messaging that were either tailored or not tailored to their self-reported motivation to engage with the intervention. Tailored messages were perceived as more motivating, and qualitative data informed additional ways in which messages might further be tailored based on individual preferences to support adherence.
CLAIMS-BASED FRAILTY INDEX (CFI) AS A MEASURE OF DEMENTIA SEVERITY IN MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES WITH ADRD
Authors: Park Chan Mi , Sison Stephanie Denise , McCarthy Ellen , Gouskova Natalia , Kim Dae 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Lack of a dementia severity measure in administrative claims data is a major barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) research using such data sources. A claims-based frailty index (CFI; range 0 to 1, higher scores indicating greater frailty) is a validated measure of frailty that can be calculated from administrative claims data and is correlated with functional status. We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine whether CFI can be a claims-based measure to differentiate dementia severity in 814 participants with ADRD with linked to Medicare claims in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). We estimated the Functional Assessment Staging Test (FAST) scale (3: mild cognitive impairment; 4: mild dementia; 5: moderate dementia; 6–7 moderate-to-severe dementia) using NHATS variables and calculated CFI from Medicare claims in the prior 12 months. The prevalence of FAST stage 5 or higher was 244 (weighted percentage, 25.9%). The C-statistic of CFI to identify FAST stage 5 or higher was 0.78 [95% CI:0.73–0.82], with a CFI cut-point of 0.3 achieving the maximum sensitivity 72.5% and specificity 67.5%. The equipercentile linking procedure showed that CFI scores of 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40 corresponded to FAST stages 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Our results support the utility of a CFI as a proxy of dementia severity in administrative claims data.
ANXIETY, COGNITIVE FUNCTION, CHANGE, AND IMPAIRMENT AMONG DIVERSE OLDER HISPANICS/LATINOS
Authors: Gonzalez-Prado Roberto , Paredes Alejandra Morlett , Tarraf Wassim , Stickel Ariana , Testai Fernando , Gallo Linda , Pendedo Frank , González Hector 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Anxiety and depression often co-occur and may be risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. We examined associations between symptoms of anxiety and cognitive change and impairment in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos. Method: 6,162 participants aged ≥50 (mean age=63.4, SD=±8.2 years) were enrolled in the Study of Latinos-Investigations of Neurocognitive Aging study (SOL-INCA), an ancillary to the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Exposures included the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 10-item (STAI-10) and the Center for Epidemiology Scale for Depression 10-item (CESD-10) at HCHS/SOL Visit 1 (2008–2011). Outcomes include cognitive tests at Visit 1 and 2 about 7 years later in SOL-INCA and mild cognitive impairment diagnosis (MCI; NIA-AA diagnostic criteria). Separate models were created to examine associations between cognition and anxiety adjusting for demographic variables, antianxiety medication, and depressive symptoms.

Results
After adjusting for demographic variables and medication use, STAI-10 scores were associated with Visit 2 cognitive function (p &lt; 0.05) and MCI (p &lt; 0.01), but not with changes in cognitive function over time. After adjusting for depressive symptoms, most effects of anxiety were attenuated, with exception of B-SEVLT-Recall (p &lt; 0.05). Discussion: Anxiety symptoms were associated with lower memory function 7 years later among diverse older Hispanics/Latinos. Anxiety was associated with 7-year cognitive change and MCI, but those associations were explained by depressive symptoms and other covariables. Future research should examine cognition in relation to anxiety and depression since the two commonly co-occur.
BRINGING THE HAND TO THE HEAD: AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN MOVEMENT STRATEGY
Authors: Droste Andrew , Cain Stephen , Trenary Tanner , Cook Rachel Logue , Sample Alanson , Burke David , Newman-Casey Paula Anne , Brown Susan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Functional independence in older adults relies heavily on the ability to perform daily activities requiring motion of the upper extremity that brings the hand to the head. Such tasks include hygiene activities, eating and drinking, adjusting hearing aids, or putting in eye drops – all of which can be challenging for the older individual. Despite the importance of these activities of daily living, little is known regarding age-related changes in control strategies that may contribute to performance impairments. Twelve older (mean age: 75±5.5y) and 12 young (mean age: 23±1.6y) participants performed arm movements that stopped in front of the ipsilateral eye. Movements were made under proprioceptive guidance by occluding visual feedback via blindfold. Participants first made a reference movement to determine final hand position and then reproduced the memory-based movement. The task was performed by each arm from a seated position. Inertial sensors attached to each wrist captured movement data, which were used to calculate movement characteristics (velocities, timing, smoothness). As expected, proprioceptively guided movements made by the young group were highly irregular, particularly during the deceleration phase, indicating intermittent proprioceptive monitoring of arm position in the absence of vision. In contrast, a clear difference in movement strategy was seen in older adults where movements were faster and smoother (p &lt; 0.05), suggestive of impaired utilization of movement-related position feedback. Future studies will determine to what extent such age-related differences in control strategy contribute to functional difficulties with tasks requiring accurate placement of the hand to the head.
FRAMEWORKS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIV AND AGING AMONG HIV CLINIC PROVIDERS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Villalba Madeline , Schenkel Rachel , Yin Michael , Gordon Peter , Baim-Lance Abigail 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As a result of advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) are living longer: it is estimated that 70% of PLWH in the US will be over the age of 50 by 2030, raising questions of what it means to age with HIV and how to care for these individuals most effectively. To qualitatively explore how providers who care for older PLWH and other comorbidities conceptualize the relationship between HIV and aging, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with physicians, RN case managers, and administrators at two health systems’ HIV clinics in New York City and the Hudson Valley between November 2019 and July 2020. We coded the interviews, developing a codebook through an iterative process, and thematically analyzed the data. Analysis revealed a range of interrelationships between HIV, aging, and comorbidities across pathophysiological and psychosocial dimensions. Providers commonly espoused that, for older PLWH, comorbidities are comparatively more difficult to manage than HIV and constitute the primary driver of pathophysiology and/or mortality. In contrast, providers viewed patients as regarding HIV as more deadly and engaging with HIV care more diligently, which providers related to patients’ long-term experiences of living through the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Providers’ comorbidity-centric framings of the clinical relationship between HIV, aging, and comorbidities mark a departure from HIV-dominant forms of thinking. Our findings have important implications for interdisciplinary care management and suggest how to support the development of asset-based approaches to encourage patient engagement with comorbidity care based on fidelity to HIV regimens.
CORRELATES OF CANNABIS USE AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS: FINDINGS FROM NESARC-III
Authors: Yang Kevin , Bergstrom Jaclyn , Moore Alison 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cannabis use is increasing faster among both middle-aged and older adults compared to younger adults, but its demographic and physical health correlates comparing middle-aged and older adults need further exploration. We examined data from a US representative sample of middle-aged (50–64 years, Nf8,932) and older (65+ years, Nf5,806) adults from the 2012–2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-IIII). We conducted logistic regression analyses to test associations of cannabis use with demographic and past-year physical health correlates and examined differences between the two age groups. An estimated 5.6% of middle-aged and 1.3% of older adults used cannabis in the past year. Compared to middle-aged adults, older adults had higher rates of cannabis use for medical purposes (15.8% vs. 12.3%, p=0.033). Both age groups had increased odds for being male (Odds Ratio (OR)=2.32 and 2.63, for middle-aged and older adults, respectively) and residing in the West (OR=1.82 and 3.04, respectively). Middle-aged cannabis users were at decreased odds for having at least some college education (OR=0.63), income &gt;$70,000 (OR=0.37), being married (OR=0.32), and reporting excellent/very good general health (OR=0.65). Middle-aged cannabis users were at increased odds for reporting digestive disease (OR=1.96), musculoskeletal pain (OR=1.34), and nerve pain (OR=1.77), while older cannabis users were only at increased odds for reporting digestive disease (OR=2.91). Findings indicate differences in cannabis use correlates between middle-aged and older adults. With increasing legalization of cannabis nationally, improved understanding of these correlates among more recent cohorts will assist in monitoring cannabis use among the older adult population.
A FRAMEWORK FOR IDENTIFYING MAJOR RESEARCH PRIORITIES: THE CITRA RESEARCH-TO-PRACTICE CONSENSUS WORKSHOP MODEL
Authors: Pillemer Karl 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The CITRA Research-to-Practice Consensus Workshop Model is an evidence-based method for identifying research priorities on aging-related topics. Its major goals are to promote knowledge translation and equal-status dialogue among stakeholders from multidisciplinary backgrounds. In this presentation, Dr. Pillemer, co-creator of the CITRA model, will provide an overview of the 5-step method: (1) Identifying a topic that is both an important challenge in aging-related policy or practice and one on which there is scientific evidence; (2) Selecting a panel of multidisciplinary experts from relevant stakeholder groups; (3) Preparing a non-technical background document that summarizes available research findings; (4) Convening multidisciplinary experts in a consensus conference involving panel presentations, discussion of the background document, and consensus activities; and (5) Preparing a final consensus report and disseminating the findings to relevant policy organizations, practice groups, and funding agencies. Common challenges and practical tips for executing each of the 5 steps will be addressed.
HEALTH DISPARITIES RELATED TO COST OF MEDICAL COVERAGE
Authors: Palmer Nathaniel , Bernstein Laura , Patrick Julie Hicks 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older age is often associated with challenges to functional ability. There are many government and private programs in place to help support the functioning of adults, including Medicaid, Medicare, and Tricare. These programs are not always effective, especially for middle aged and older adults. We examined whether cost was a barrier to receiving care and whether health insurance status acted as moderators of the relationship between age and functional ability. We used data from 379,606 adults who completed the 2020 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (median age = 54.4 years; 54.2% women; 75.3% white non hispanic). The moderated regression equation was significant, F (7, 379598) 3275.74, p &lt; .001, R^2 = .057. Although direct effects of age emerged as significant, the relation on functional ability was qualified by two 2-way interactions: age by insurance (b = .003) and age by prohibitive cost (b = .008). No other effects emerged as significant. Examination of the means revealed that lack of insurance was especially challenging to the functional ability of middle aged adults, whereas cost prohibitiveness was especially challenging for the functioning of older adults. Our results highlight the critical need to research the efficacy of health insurance policies amongst the middle aged and older populations in the United States
INVESTIGATING THE NEURAL AFFECTS OF 17 ALPHA-ESTRADIOL (17Α-E2) ON APOE4 PHENOTYPES
Authors: Roache Tavia , Pike Christian , McGill Cassandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aging and APOE4 genotype are the primary risk factors for late onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous drugs trials for AD have focused on amyloid beta which has yielded minimal effects; hence a drug targeting aging could prove more efficacious. 17 alpha-estradiol (17α-E2) is an enantiomer of 17 beta-estradiol that has been shown to extend lifespan in male mice. We hypothesize that 17α-E2 will improve aging related phenotypes caused by the APOE4 genotype. We enrolled 10-month-old APOE3 or APOE4 targeted replacement mice and randomized them to either control or 17α-E2 diet for 20 weeks. At weeks 15 to 17, mice underwent various behavior assays and tissues were collected at the end of the 20 weeks. We observed behavioral improvement in APOE4 mice treated with 17α-E2 and asked whether this effect is associated with: (1) change in activity or anxiety, (2) change in neural stem cells, or (3) change in microglial activation. Activity levels but not neurogenesis of microglial burden were affected by APOE genotype and 17α-E2 treatment, suggesting a potential contribution to observed memory improvement in APOE4 mice treated with 17α-E2. Continued research on the neural effects of 17α-E2 pose potential benefits to mitigate the effects of aging.
CONVENING A NATIONAL CONSENSUS CONFERENCE TO PROMOTE DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS' ENGAGEMENT AND SUPPORT IN CARE DELIVERY
Authors: Griffin Joan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The goal of the 2021 Conference on Engaging Family and Other Unpaid Caregivers of Persons with Dementia in Healthcare Delivery, funded by the NIA, was to establish a policy- and practice-aligned research agenda for enhancing dementia caregivers’ engagement and support in health and long-term care settings. Using the CITRA model as a guiding framework, Dr. Griffin will discuss important planning decisions leading up to the event, including the formation of a Steering Committee, selection of expert panelists and conference participants, and preparation of the non-technical background report. Her presentation will also describe the format of the consensus conference itself, focusing on the structure of the panel presentations and consensus activities, including small group breakout sessions in which conference attendees were charged with generating research recommendations; the process for voting on and prioritizing the identified recommendations; and method for refining and organizing the recommendations into major priority areas.
USING VIRTUAL REALITY IN AGED CARE SETTINGS: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Hung Lillian , To-Miles Flora , Kan Winnie , Temirova Alisha , Mann Jim , Wallsworth Christine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recent advancement of virtual reality (VR) technology has led to growing interest in using VR in aged-care settings. VR can help ameliorate experiences of loneliness and social isolation, which is especially important during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, increasingly more studies are being published on this topic, and a comprehensive review of studies examining the facilitators and barriers of adopting VR in these settings is needed. This scoping review reports the facilitators and barriers to implementing VR in care settings among older adults, as well as the impact on social engagement and/or loneliness. We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology, and searched the following databases: CINHAL, Embase, Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria includes articles published in the last five years that focus on older adults using VR in aged-care settings. 199 articles were retrieved and 21 articles were included in our review. Most of the articles (38%) originated from Australia. Key facilitators for using VR in aged care settings are the technology being user-friendly, comfortable, and easy to clean. Barriers included: technology issues (e.g., internet connectivity), staff attitude/ worries, and impact on residents, and structural considerations (e.g., lack of staff and time to assist with the VR program). VR technology can decrease loneliness and feelings of isolation, and provide opportunities to engage with others. Our review of the current evidence offers insights and recommendations for health care professionals to use VR technology in aged care settings, maximizing benefits and minimizing risks among users.
RETHINKING NURSING HOME ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN IN THE LIGHT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: O’Neill Desmond , Grey Tom , Xidous Dimitra , O’Donoghue Jennifer , Puntambekar Mehak 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The huge death rate in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic raised serious questions as to whether the built environment of nursing homes was a factor in this very high mortality, as well as a factor in quality of life.

Method
We embarked on a wide-ranging study involving a review of Irish policy, stakeholder engagement, Irish case studies, literature review, and international case studies to understand the key issues that influence the planning, design, and operation of nursing home settings settings, and to identify how these shape care models and the physical environment.

Results
The project generated the following key themes: a) including the voices of residents, family and staff in co-creation of design and research; b) integrating nursing homes with the overall housing spectrum; c) linking nursing homes with ageing in place policy; d) further research on optimal design; e) understanding resident diversity; f) greater inclusion of Universal Design principles; g) designing for resilience; and h) Convergence between infection control and quality of life Discussion: Our Research Findings have been developed to identify major current issues related to the built environment and its role in creating a balance between quality of life and COVID-19 infection control in Irish and international nursing home settings. These findings are relevant for a wide range of stakeholders and will be disseminated across a number of channels to continue this conversation and help to continue the evolution of nursing home design.