bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated IL-8/TNF-α in follicle fluid of infertile women with endometriosis decrease LHCGR expression in cumulus cells
Authors: Yin Yaoxue , Dai Wangjuan , Wen Caihe , Mao Yundong , Ma Xiang , Diao Feiyang , Wang Jing , Qin Lianju , Zhang Mengyu , Hou Zhen , Cui Yugui , Liu Jiayin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: To study whether ILs/TNFs in the follicular fluid (FF) of women with EMs are responsible for impaired follicular development or (and) ovulation or not, and then to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: follicular fluid (containing cumulus granulosa cells) was collected from women with EM and male factor infertility at our Clinical Reproductive Medicine Center, and peritoneal fluid was collected from the above patients with EMs. The expression of ovulation-related genes in cumulus cells was analysed by RT-PCR. Mouse cumulus cells expansion degree was assessed after cultured in follicle fluid from infertile women. Follicle fluid was detected by ELISA. Oocytectmized complex cell model was established, and cultured in vitro medium with addition of 100 IU/ml FSH. TUNEL staining was used to determine the apoptosis of cumulus cells. Then, we explored expression of P-SMAD2/3，key enzyme for retinoic acid metabolism, and methylation of SP1 binding sites in Lhcgr promoter region. Meanwhile, the P-AKT and P-catenin were assessed by Western blot. All experiments were performed independently at least three times, and data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed using Graphpad Prism 5 software p<0.05 (* and different letters) were defined as significant differences.
Results: In cumulus cells, expression of genes related to ovulation decreased significantly than that in controls (P < 0.05), especially starting from LHCGR. The concentrations of IL-8 and TNF-α in follicle fluid were significantly higher in infertile women with endometriosis than in controls (P < 0.05). The function of follicle fluid and pelvic fluid of endometriosis women have changed. Addition of 500 pg/mL IL-8/TNF-α to medium did not cause significant apoptosis of cumulus cells, but inhibited P-AKT and P-β-catenin. On the other hand, expression of P-SMAD2/3 and retinoic acid production were reduced, while hypermethylation of the Sp1 binding sequence on Lhcgr promoter was identified, and Lhcgr expression was significantly reduced compared to control (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Elevated IL-8/TNF-α in follicular fluid of women with endometriosis indirectly maintains Lhcgrpromoter hypermethylation through activation of P-SMAD2/3, while inhibiting AKT and β-Catenin phosphorylation, which together reduce LHCGR mRNA expression.
Impaired cecal motility and secretion alongside expansion of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in the Nlgn3R451C mouse model of autism
Authors: Lee Chalystha Yie Qin , Balasuriya Gayathri K. , Herath Madushani , Franks Ashley E. , Hill-Yardin Elisa L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD; autism) commonly present with gastrointestinal (GI) illness in addition to core diagnostic behavioural traits. The appendix, or cecum in mice, is important for GI homeostasis via its function as a key site for fermentation and a microbial reservoir. Even so, the role of the appendix and cecum in autism-associated GI symptoms remains uninvestigated. Here, we studied mice with an autism-associated missense mutation in the post-synaptic protein neuroligin-3 (Nlgn3R451C), which impacts brain and enteric neuronal activity. We assessed for changes in cecal motility using a tri-cannulation video-imaging approach in ex vivo preparations from wild-type and Nlgn3R451C mice. We investigated cecal permeability and neurally-evoked secretion in wild-type and Nlgn3R451C tissues using an Ussing chamber set-up. The number of cecal patches in fresh tissue samples were assessed and key immune populations including gut macrophages and dendritic cells were visualised using immunofluorescence. Nlgn3R451C mice displayed accelerated cecal motor complexes and reduced cecal weight in comparison to wildtype littermates. Nlgn3R451C mice also demonstrated reduced neurally-evoked cecal secretion in response to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium (DMPP), but permeability was unchanged. We observed an increase in the number of cecal patches in Nlgn3R451C mice, however the cellular morphologies of key immune populations studied were not significantly altered. We show that the R451C nervous system mutation leads to cecal dysmotility, impaired secretion, and neuro-immune alterations. Together, these results suggest that the R451C mutation disrupts the gut-brain axis with GI dysfunction in autism.
Higher-order gaps in the renormalized electronic band structure of doubly aligned bilayer graphene hBN moiré
Authors: Bid Aveek , Jat Mohit , Tiwari Priya , Bajaj Robin , Shitut Ishita , Mandal Shinjan , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Krishnamurthy Hulikal , Jain Manish 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article presents our findings on the recursive band gap engineering of chiral fermions in bilayer graphene doubly aligned with hBN. By utilizing two interfering moire′ potentials, we generate a supermoire′ pattern which renormalizes the electronic bands of the pristine bilayer graphene, resulting in higher-order fractal gaps even at very low energies. These Bragg gaps can be mapped using a unique linear combination of periodic areas within the system. To validate our findings, we used electronic transport measurements to identify the position of these gaps as functions of the carrier density and establish their agreement with the predicted carrier densities and corresponding quantum numbers obtained using the continuum model. Our study provides conclusive evidence of quantization of the momentum-space area of quasi-Brillouin zones in a minimally incommensurate lattice. It fills essential gaps in understanding the band structure engineering of Dirac fermions by a doubly periodic superlattice spinor potential.
Bivariate Semi-Parametric Model: Bayesian Inference
Authors: Samanta Debashis , Kundu Debasis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The motivation of this paper came from two bivariate diabetic retinopathy data sets. The main aim is to test whether the laser treatment delays the onset of blindness compared to the traditional treatment. The first data set is of 197 patients and it provides the onset of blindness of the two eyes. The observed data are heavily censored on both the variables and there is a significant proportion where both the variables are equal. The second data set is of 91 patients, and it indicates the minimum time of the onset of blindness between the two eyes. We have used a Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential or Weibull type a bivariate semi-parametric model, where the base line distribution is more flexible than any parametric distribution. The base line distribution is assumed to have a piecewise constant hazard function and that makes the Bayes line hazard function to be very flexible. Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential distribution becomes a special case of the model. The maximum likelihood estimators may not always exist, and we have considered the Bayesian inference of the unknown parameters. We have used importance sampling technique to compute Bayes estimators and the associated credible intervals. We have addressed some testing of hypothesis problem also based on Bayes factors. Finally, both the data sets have been analyzed, and it is observed for one data set the laser treatment has a significantly different effect than the traditional treatment, where as for the other data set no significantly different effect has been observed.
AMS Subject Classifications: 62F10, 62F03, 62H12
Open-circuit-voltage improvement mechanism of perovskite solar cells revealed by operando spin observation
Authors: Marumoto Kazuhiro , Kimata Haru , Yamaguchi Seira , Xue Dong , Asai Haruka , Gotanda Takeshi , Shimazaki Ai , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention as one of the most important next-generation solar cells. The solar-cell performances are known to be changed under operation; however, the root cause of the instability has not yet been understood sufficiently. Here, we report improvement mechanism in the open-circuit voltage, VOC, of perovskite solar cells at the initial stage of device operation that were firstly investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR). ESR study reveals reverse electrons transfer at the interface from the perovskite layer to the hole-transport layer not only under dark conditions but also under light irradiation where electrons are subsequently trapped in the hole-transport layer. Thereby, an electron barrier is enhanced at the perovskite/hole-transport-layer interface, improving field-effect passivation at the interface, and thus the VOC improves. These findings are crucial for understanding the mechanisms of device performance changes under operation, showing a relation between reverse electrons transfer and performance improvement, which is valuable for the development of further efficient perovskite solar cells.
MR1 rs2236410 mediates the regulation of mucosal-associated invariant T cells against graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Zhao Xiaosu , Mengge Gao , Xiaohang Ma , Yu Wang , Jun Kong , Zhidong Wang , Yingjun Chang , Huang XiaoJun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class 1-related gene protein (MR1) is a monomorphic antigen-presenting molecule. Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an unconventional T cells subset limited to the antigen-presenting molecule MR1. MR1 rs2236410 site of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is reported that locates in the MR1 antigen binding region and is identified as HLA Class II restricted minor histocompatibility antigen, which is associated with transplantation immunity. Here, we found that the donor rs2236410A/G genotype was associated with a lower incidence of severe or gut acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) clinical cohort. Through in vitro E. colistimulation experiments, it was found that MR1 rs2236410 mediated the activation of MR1-dependent pathway of MAIT cells by influencing the presentation of microbial derived ligand, thus affecting the anti-GVHD effect of MAIT cells. These findings suggest that MR1 rs2236410 could serve as a potential immune target for antiGVHD without affecting the GVL effect in the context of transplantation, which could provide certain guidance for the prediction and clinical treatment of GVHD.
Identification of biomarkers for breast cancer early diagnosis based on the molecular classification using machine learning algorithms on transcriptomic data and factorial designs for analysis
Authors: Mayoral-Peña Kalaumari , Peña Omar Israel González , Artzi Natalie , de Donato Marcos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of global female mortality. Diagnosing and treating breast cancer patients at early stages is relevant for providing successful treatment and increasing the patient's survival rate. The use of new analytical methods for massive data from biological samples, such as Machine Learning Algortithms (MLAs), is necessary for improving cancer diagnosis, especially in patients from low-income countries. A computational methodology for selecting a small number of biomarkers with strong diagnostic capabilities and an accessible cellular location could be useful for developing low-cost diagnostic devices. Hence, this study aimed to develop a computational methodology to find relevant genetic biomarkers and establish a discrete panel of genes capable of classifying breast cancer samples for diagnostic purposes with high accuracy.
Methods:
This study aimed to develop a computational methodology for finding genetic biomarkers and establish a panel with a few genes capable of classifying breast cancer molecularly for diagnostic purposes. Panels with a small number of genes (<10) that can be used for the molecular classification of breast cancer cells through four Machine Learning Algorithms on transcriptomic data. Five gene selection approaches were used for the generation of these panels: factor analysis genes, surfaceome genes, transmembrane genes, combined genes, and network analysis genes. The classification performance and analyzed and validated using seven factorial designs and non-parametric statistical tests.
Results:
The MLAs accuracy was higher than 80% in cell lines and in patient samples for all selection approaches. The combined approach with the best genes of the three approaches (transmembrane, surfaceome, and factor analysis) had better classification performance than each approach alone. Also, the combined genes of this approach (TMEM210, CD44, SPDEF, TENM4, KIRREL, BCAS1, TMEM86A, LRFN2, TFF3) had similar performance than the ones selected by network analysis. The panel of genes identified from the combined approach was completely different from the genes previously described in four commercial panels for breast cancer that were analyzed.
Conclusions
In this study, the panels of selected genes were capable of classify breast cancer cell lines and patient samples according to their molecular characteristics. Two genes of the combined approach (TFF3 and CD44) have been used in cancer biosensors, which suggests a plausible result due to the potential for the development of new diagnostic devices; however, experimental studies are required to corroborate this type of implementation.
Heterologous gene expression system for the production of hydrolyzable tannin intermediates in herbaceous model plants
Authors: Oda-Yamamizo Chihiro , Mitsuda Nobutaka , Milkowski Carsten , Ito Hideyuki , Ezura Kentaro , Tahara Ko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aluminum toxicity is the main factor limiting the elongation of plant roots in acidic soil. The tree species Eucalyptus camaldulensis is considerably more resistant to aluminum than herbaceous model plants and crops. Hydrolyzable tannins (HTs) accumulating in E. camaldulensis roots can bind and detoxify the aluminum taken up by the roots. However, in herbaceous model plants, HTs do not accumulate and the genes involved in the HT biosynthetic pathway are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to establish a method for reconstituting the HT biosynthetic pathway in the HT non-accumulating model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Four E. camaldulensis enzymes were transiently expressed in N. benthamiana leaves via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. These enzymes included dehydroquinate dehydratase/shikimate dehydrogenases (EcDQD/SDH2 and EcDQD/SDH3), which catalyze the synthesis of gallic acid, the first intermediate of the HT biosynthetic pathway that branches off from the shikimate pathway. The others were UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT84A25 and UGT84A26), which catalyze the conversion of gallic acid to β-glucogallin, the second intermediate. The co-expression of the EcDQD/SDHs in transgenic N. benthamiana leaf regions promoted the synthesis of gallic acid. Moreover, the co-expression of the UGT84As in addition to the EcDQD/SDHs resulted in the biosynthesis of β-glucogallin, the universal metabolic precursor of HTs. Thus, we successfully reconstituted a portion of the HT biosynthetic pathway in HT non-accumulating N. benthamiana plants. This heterologous gene expression system will be useful for co-expressing candidate genes involved in downstream reactions in the HT biosynthetic pathway and for clarifying their in planta functions.
An inconspicuous pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Wang Xuan , Yi Hongmei , Wang Chaofu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background pulmonary primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare B cell lymphoproliferative disorder, and cases mimicking an unspecific pulmonary inflammatory lesion are even rarer, which can be easily misdiagnosed.Case presentation: We reported a 33-year-old female patient with multiple ground glass nodules in the lung on chest computed tomography (CT) and Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scans. Pulmonary biopsy revealed tumor cells growing along the alveolar septum, hiding in an inflammatory background. Although some tumor cells invaded blood vessels, the majority of the tumor cells were distributed outside the vessels. Based on the morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular detection, the diagnosis was confirmed as pulmonary primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, anaplastic variant. The diagnosis of this type of tumor is challenging due to its clinical and pathological characteristics, requiring differentiation from inflammatory lesions and intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. Tumor cells expressed CD30 and CD20. The patient was treated with brentuximab vedotin (BV) combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone(R-CHOP) regimen for six courses, resulting in almost complete disappearance of the lesions. The patient had a good prognosis, with no involvement of other sites after a six-month follow-up.Conclusions This case emphasizes the rarity of pulmonary primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and the significance of being attentive to atypical imaging and pathological morphology that may lead to misdiagnosis. Treatment with BV combined with R-CHOP therapy resulted in complete remission of the lesions. Hence, clinicians and pathologists should carefully observe and consider this diagnosis in such cases.
Macrophage-derived exosomal HMGB3 regulates silica-induced pulmonary inflammation by promoting M1 macrophage polarization and recruitment
Authors: Qin xiaofeng , Niu zhiyuan , Chen hui , Hu yongbin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: Chronic inflammation and fibrosis are characteristics of silicosis, and the inflammatory mediators involved in silicosis have not been fully elucidated. Recently, macrophage-derived exosomes have been reported as inflammatory modulators, but their role in silicosis remains largely unexplored. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of macrophage-derived exosomal HMGB3 in silicosis.Methods: First, HMGB3 expression in macrophages (with or without silica (SiO2) exposure) and exosomes derived from these cells was measured by western blot analysis. Second, the role of exosomal HMGB3 in the inflammatory activation and migration of macrophages was evaluated by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and transwell assays. The expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was detected by RT-PCR and ELISA, and the involved signal transduction pathways were studied by western blot analysis.Results: HMGB3 expression in SiO2-exposed macrophages and exosomes derived from these cells was significantly upregulated. In silicosis mouse model, upregulated HMGB3 was mainly colocalized with infiltrating macrophages. In vitro experiments demonstrated that exosomes derived from SiO2-exposed macrophages (SiO2-Exos) significantly upregulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS and CCR2 in monocytes or M0 macrophages, promoting M1 polarization and migration of these cells. An in vivo study demonstrated that SiO2-Exos promoted the infiltration of pulmonary macrophages and increased the proportion of iNOS+/F4/80+macrophages. Knockdown of exosomal HMGB3 partially reversed this phenotype, while overexpression of exosomal HMGB3 promoted this phenotype. The proinflammatory effect of exosomal HMGB3 may be mediated through the activation of the STAT3/MAPK (ERK1/2 and P38)/NF-κB pathways.Conclusions: Exosomal HMGB3 is a potential inflammatory modulator in silicosis that induces inflammatory activation and recruitment of monocytes/macrophages by regulating the activation of the STAT3/MAPK/NF-κB/CCR2 pathways.
Effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines used in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Thantry Anita Devi Krishnan , Lakshmanan Palaniappan A/L Palaniappan , Kunasakaran Dhanraaj A/L , Shenq Edwin Cheah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV2 was declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020 following which many vaccines were synthesised which effectively reduced the case fatality ratio. Malaysia implemented community -wide COVID-19 vaccination using ChAdOx1(AZD1222, Astra Zeneca), BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer BioNTech) and CoronaVac (Sinovac) vaccines in 2021. Efficacy was established by randomized control trials prior to its roll out, but the effectiveness of these vaccines in a real-world community setting can be assessed from hospital data and research articles published from 2021 onwards.
Aim: This study aimed to do a systematic analysis of the available articles from various countries which used the three vaccines introduced in Malaysia and compare with the outcome in Malaysia.
Methods: We performed a systematic analysis on various studies about the three vaccines from different parts of the world ,based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA) recommendations with well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The studies for each vaccine were analysed for the relative risk reduction (RRR) and vaccine effectiveness. Further, a comparison between the three vaccines was attempted and compared with the effectiveness of the three vaccines in Malaysia.
Results: BNT162b2 had an RRR ≥ 90% against severe symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 with very high effectiveness upon completion of two doses.ChAdOx1 vaccine effectiveness showed a wide range from 67.5% to 95.6 %. Effectiveness for CoronaVac ranged from 54- 99.9%. Meta-analysis of the data was done using Microsoft Excel. A comparison between the three vaccines showed a higher effectiveness for BNT162b2 ( 94.9%) followed by ChAdOx1 (84.7 %) and SinoVac ( 72.4%).The effectiveness of ChAdOx1 vaccine reported from our country is the highest among the studies.
Conclusion: Real-world evidence shows that COVID-19 vaccines are highly effective against severe disease, hospitalization, and death. Our study validates the importance of assessing effectiveness of COVID vaccines in preventing severe COVID.
Diatomaceous biosilica doped with heteroepitaxially growing Ag/AgCl/CeO 2 composite nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and antibacterial application
Authors: Wojtczak Izabela , Brzozowska Weronika , Railean Viorica , Bekissanova Zhanar , Trykowski Grzegorz , Sprynskyy Myroslav 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The development of modern technology is also towards the use of microorganisms as microfactories of the biomaterials with unique properties. Combining the original properties of biosilica extracted from diatoms (microalgae) together with immobilised silver and cerium in nanoparticle forms, allowed to obtain a modern composite material with antibacterial activity. The synthesised composites contained heteroepitaxially growing Ag/AgCl/CeO2 complex nanoparticles were studied using a different types of instrumental analysis. SEM-EDX and XRD analysis allowed the qualitative and quantitative determination of the elements present and their forms in the composites. TEM analysis allowed to information about the shape, size and structure specificity of the created nanoparticles. The possible mechanism of nanoparticles formation was suggested. Antibacterial properties of synthesised composites were characterised using a minimum inhibitory concentration test on six selected bacterial strains. Diatomaceous biosilica containing heteroepitaxially growing silver chloride, metallic silver, and cerium (IV) oxide nanoparticles have been prepared for the first time. The proposed method for synthesising composites did not use toxic reagents, making it environmentally friendly.