bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double-pulse streamer simulations for varying interpulse times in air
Authors: Malla H , Martinez A , Ebert U , Teunissen J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study how streamer discharges are influenced by a previous voltage pulse using an axisymmetric fluid model. We simulate double-pulse positive streamers in N2–O2 mixtures containing 20% and 10% O2 at 1 bar. By varying the time between the pulses between 5 ns and 10 µs, we observe three regimes during the second pulse: streamer continuation, inhibited growth and streamer repetition. In the streamer continuation regime, a new streamer emerges from the tip of the previous one. In the inhibited regime, the previous channel is partially re-ionized, but there is considerably less field enhancement and almost no light emission. Finally, for the longest interpulse times, a new streamer forms that is similar to the first one. The remaining electron densities at which we observe streamer continuation agree with earlier experimental work. We introduce an estimate which relates streamer continuation to the dielectric relaxation time, the background field and the pulse duration. Furthermore, we show that for interpulse times above 100 ns several electron detachment reactions significantly slow down the decay of the electron density.
Attention-based Image Captioning Assisted Visual Question Answering
Authors: Xu Hantao , Ye Xia , Yang Zhangping , Zhao Pujie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Visual question answering has received increasing attention as a multimodal task whose goal is to be able to answer natural language-related questions by reasoning about a given picture. The SOTA model in the current mainstream visual question answering usually uses language bias in the training data to predict the question, resulting in the VQA model often lacking an image foundation. Based on the attention mechanism, this paper designs a method to use image description to assist the training of a visual question-answering model. The model is problem-oriented and encodes images and image descriptions based on a collaborative attention mechanism, which enhances the feature representation of the model and the ability to learn image information, making the model more robust and generalizable. The experimental results show that the accuracy of this method on the dataset VQA v2 has increased by 3.89% compared with the baseline, which proves that the method is effective.
Design of an Unordered Gripping System Based on 3D Vision
Authors: Chen Shunqiang , Bai Junbo , Xu Liao , Zhen Luo , Wang Feitong , Bo Li , Bai Junjie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
For the current mainstream 2D vision-guided robotic arm gripping system in industrial production, the vision part is seriously affected by the lighting environment, camera imaging distance, and other factors. It cannot provide more comprehensive 6DOF position information on the target workpiece and complete the gripping of mutually scattered and stacked workpieces. This paper designs a disordered grasping system based on the 3D vision to solve the above problems. In addition, the traditional Euclidean clustering algorithm and fast point feature histogram algorithm are improved to enhance the segmentation and feature recognition efficiency of the point cloud. The accuracy of the system is 94.3 % without stacking and 88.2 % with stacking, which is 5.2 % higher than the average accuracy of the system before the algorithm improvement and more than 2s higher than the time. The accuracy and speed of the system meet the requirements of general industrial production for a robotic arm grasping system, which has certain practical application value.
Machine Vision-based Integrated Inspection System for Beverage Bottles with Multiple Defects
Authors: Wang Jia , Kang Jingxin , Li Fangjun , Zhang Aijun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Currently, in the beverage filling production line, the corresponding detection device is usually installed after each production process to detect whether the beverage is defective. This method of installing testing devices in different working positions can classify and eliminate defects of defective products, but it needs to manufacture multiple sets of different types of defective testing machines, which has problems such as high resource consumption and waste of installation space. In order to solve these problems, an expandable multi-functional integrated inspection system has been designed in this paper, which can synchronize defects detection in different processes. The system includes a multitasking detection network based on multi-class decoders. By jointly training the detection network with the collected data set, the results of beverage bottle label segmentation, region of interest (ROI) detection, and code recognition can be obtained simultaneously, thus the system can effectively realize the synchronous detection of different defects such as label and spray code missing, inversion and so on. The system also provides an expandable multitasking interface, which can be extended according to the other actual requirements of the production line. Experimental results show that the system achieves 96% detection accuracy, 18000 bottles/h detection speed and good robustness.
An Image Feature Matching Algorithm with Clustering Constraints
Authors: Ding Guoqiang , Zhao Pengpeng , Li Tao , Zhao Hongmei , Lou Taishan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the traditional ORB feature matching algorithm has many mismatches and poor robustness, a feature matching optimization algorithm with clustering constraints is proposed. Firstly, the K-means++ algorithm is used to assign classification labels to the feature points obtained in the current image, and the clustering region is redivided. Secondly, the corresponding clustering region is found in the next picture, and the feature points in the region are also assigned classification labels. Then, the classification labels of feature points in the two images were compared during matching, and the inconsistent matching point pairs were removed. Finally, the RANSAC algorithm is used to optimize the matching results, and the results are verified. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively eliminate the false matching points, and the running speed is greatly improved.
Cultural relic reconstruction device based on ORB-SLAM
Authors: Yang Guoyu , Yang Yiyuan , Sun Daohe , Li Peng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
ORB-SLAM, an advanced visual SLAM technology, has excellent positioning and mapping capabilities [1]. In the reconstruction of cultural relics, ORB-SLAM technology can achieve autonomous perception and modeling of the surrounding environment of cultural relics by fusing and analyzing the images of monocular depth cameras, thereby reconstructing the 3D model of cultural relics, providing new possibilities for the protection and inheritance of cultural relics. Point cloud images are a digital technology used for 3D modeling, which can save point data on object surfaces and their relationships as 3D point clouds [2]. In terms of cultural relic reconstruction, point cloud images can restore and reconstruct the shape, size, texture, and other features of cultural relics by processing the collected point data on the surface of cultural relics into a 3D model. The purpose of this device is to reconstruct cultural relics by generating point cloud images based on ORB-SLAM technology. Combined with the designed handheld pan tilt device, it can achieve multi-angle point cloud mapping of cultural relics scenes in complex terrain. This paper will introduce the handheld gimbal design of the device, the realization of point cloud mapping based on the ORB-SLAM3 algorithm [3], and the application of point cloud scenes. Through the research in this article, it is expected to provide a new and efficient method for cultural relic reconstruction in the field of cultural relic protection and make contributions to the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage.
Defending against Adversarial Attacks using Digital Image Processing
Authors: Xiao Yuyang , Deng Xiaoyan , Yu Zhuliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The rapidly maturing deep neural networks are used in self-driving cars, facial recognition payment, security, and other aspects, and are crucial to how we conduct our daily lives. However, past research has shown that adversarial attacks pose a significant danger to deep learning. This paper proposes a defense based on digital image processing to protect the handwritten digit recognition model from adversarial attacks. This method can defend against adversarial attacks simply and effectively using spatial filtering and thresholding for image pre-processing to remove adversarial perturbations. The experimental findings on the MNIST data set show that this technique can increase the average accuracy of the model against adversarial samples to 91.20%.
Theory and Verification of Projection Phase Profile Measurement in Strong Salt and Pepper Noise Environment
Authors: Liu Tianxiang , Zhang Changyao , Wang Haixia , Zhong Zhenquan , Ou Weixian , Xu Huailin , Zhou Lingshu , Hu Zhong , Xu Weichao , Zhou Yanzhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent years, 3D profile measurement has been widely used in the high-precision manufacturing industry. However, the unavoidable salt and pepper noise will greatly reduce the accuracy of the measurement system. To measure the surface profile with variable curvature more accurately, a 3D measurement system is built based on fringe projection technology and Spearman Correlation Analysis. Experimental results show that the error caused by pepper and salt noise is low and the system performance is good.
Enhanced Q-factor and effective length silicon photonics filter utilizing nested ring resonators
Authors: Selim Mahmoud A , Anwar Momen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, we investigate a novel design of an on-chip nested coupled ring resonator to enhance the quality factor and the effective length of the resonator. The configuration consists of an open ring and racetrack resonator, with lengths of 340 μm and 184.4 μm, respectively, with a coupling ratio of 97/3. In this regard, the proposed nested cavity has been experimentally characterized and compared with a single cavity ring resonator. Our results show a significant improvement in the quality factor by a factor of four. This improvement in performance opens up exciting new possibilities for state-of-the-art applications, such as compact optical sensors and delay lines. Our proposed design represents a significant advancement in the field of integrated optics, and we believe that it has the potential to enable a broad range of applications in the future.
Tofacitinib Versus Oral Prednisolone for Induction of Remission in Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis [ORCHID]: A Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized, Pilot Study
Authors: Singh Arshdeep , Midha Vandana , Kaur Kirandeep , Mahajan Ramit , Singh Dharmatma , Kaur Ramandeep , Kohli Aditya , Chawla Avantika , Sood Kriti , Bansal Namita , Sood Ajit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Oral corticosteroids are first-line agents to induce remission in moderately active ulcerative colitis [UC], but are associated with adverse effects. We compared the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and prednisolone for induction of remission in moderately active UC.

Methods
This was a single-centre, prospective, open-label, randomized, active-controlled pilot study. Eligible patients [aged ≥18 years] had moderately active UC. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either prednisolone [40 mg daily, tapered by 5 mg every week] or tofacitinib [10 mg twice daily] for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was composite remission [defined as total Mayo clinic score ≤2, with endoscopic sub-score of 0 and faecal calprotectin &lt;100 µg/g] at 8 weeks.

Results
Seventy-eight patients were randomly assigned to either of the treatment groups. At week 8, the proportion of patients achieving composite remission in the tofacitinib [7/43, 16.28%] and prednisolone groups [3/35, 8.57%] were not significantly different (odds ratio [OR] 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–8.70; p = 0.31). The time to achieve symptomatic remission [normal stool frequency with absence of rectal bleeding] was similar (10 days, interquartile range [IQR 7–18.75] and 10 days [IQR 5–12.5] for tofacitinib and prednisolone, respectively; p = 0.25) in the two groups. One patient each in the tofacitinib and prednisolone group discontinued treatment due to development of pulmonary tuberculosis and pustular acne, respectively. One patient receiving tofacitinib developed herpes zoster, but did not require cessation of therapy. No serious adverse events or major adverse cardiovascular events were observed.

Conclusion
In patients with moderately active UC, there was no difference in the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and oral prednisolone for induction of remission at 8 weeks.

Trail Registration
Clinical Trials Registry of India [CTRI/2021/10/037641]
Rapid decline of prenatal maternal effects with age is independent of postnatal environment in a precocial bird
Authors: Vedder Oscar , Tschirren Barbara , Postma Erik , Moiron Maria 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Maternal effects are an important source of phenotypic variation with potentially large fitness consequences, but how their importance varies with the quality of the environment across an individual’s ontogeny is poorly understood. We bred Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) of known pedigree and experimentally manipulated the quality of the offspring diet, to estimate the importance of prenatal maternal effects in shaping variation in body mass from hatching to adulthood. Maternal genetic effects on body mass at hatching were strong, and largely caused by variation in egg mass, but their importance rapidly declined with age. Whereas there was a large effect of diet on growth, this did not affect the decline of maternal effects variance. The importance of additive genetic and residual variance increased with age, with the latter being considerably larger in the poor diet treatment. Hence, we found no evidence for prenatal maternal effect by postnatal environment interactions and that prenatal maternal effects are rapidly replaced by direct additive genetic and residual effects when offspring start to develop outside the egg. Thereby these results shed new light on the dynamics of the role of maternal versus offspring genes across ontogeny and environments.
Pineapple SWEET10 is a glucose transporter
Authors: Fakher Beenish , Ashraf M Arif , Wang Lulu , Wang Xiaomei , Zheng Ping , Aslam Mohammad , Qin Yuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
SWEET transporters are a unique class of sugar transporters that play vital roles in various developmental and physiological processes in plants. While the functions of SWEETs have been well established in model plants such as Arabidopsis, their functions in economically important fruit crops like pineapple have not been well studied. Here we aimed to investigate the substrate specificity of pineapple SWEETs by comparing the protein sequences of known glucose and sucrose transporters in Arabidopsis with those in pineapple. Our genome-wide approach and 3D structure comparison showed that the Arabidopsis SWEET8 homolog in pineapple, AcSWEET10, shares similar sequences and protein properties responsible for glucose transport. To determine the functional conservation of AcSWEET10, we tested its ability to complement glucose transport mutants in yeast and analyzed its expression in stamens and impact on the microspore phenotype and seed set in transgenic Arabidopsis. The results showed that AcSWEET10 is functionally equivalent to AtSWEET8 and plays a critical role in regulating microspore formation through the regulation of the Callose synthase5 (CalS5), which highlights the importance of SWEET transporters in pineapple. This information could have important implications for improving fruit crop yield and quality by manipulating SWEET transporter activity.
The development of indicators to measure the quality of care in geriatric rehabilitation
Authors: Veneberg Bram , Tijsen Lian M J , Wirtz Maarten J , Zevenhuizen Viola , Buijck Bianca I 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Quality of care is an essential aspect of geriatric rehabilitation. Usually, there are national standards for the quality of care or indicators to measure the quality of care. However, this is not the case for geriatric rehabilitation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop structure, process, and outcome indicators to measure the quality of geriatric rehabilitation.
To develop quality indicators for geriatric rehabilitation, a literature search was performed to identify indicators for all types of rehabilitation that can also be suitable for geriatric rehabilitation. Thereafter, in the qualitative phase, different stakeholders were inte. Indicators from the literature and indicators developed based on the interviews were merged and processed in a questionnaire. Through this questionnaire, elderly care physicians and managers of geriatric rehabilitation facilities were asked to rate the indicators on relevance and feasibility. Indicators that were considered relevant and feasible by the respondents were included in the final quality indicator set for geriatric rehabilitation.
Thirty-six indicators suitable for geriatric rehabilitation were identified from the literature. Additionally, 55 quality indicators were developed based on the interviews. Merging the indicators and omitting duplicates resulted in 69 quality indicators. Analysis of the data from the questionnaires resulted in a final set of 27 quality indicators for geriatric rehabilitation that consists of 17 structure, 8 process, and 2 outcome indicators.
This study contributes to the quality of geriatric rehabilitation by providing a first set of quality indicators ready to use in practice. Follow-up research is recommended and may include an assessment of the applicability, reliability, and validity of the developed indicator set.
Robust seismic attenuation compensation based on generalized minimax concave penalty sparse representation
Authors: Duan Chengxiang , Zhang Fanchang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Deep hydrocarbon resources have become more and more important nowadays. However, owing to the affection of long-distance propagation and stratigraphic absorption, seismic data coming from deep beds generally suffer from weak energy, low resolution, and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which seriously influence the reliability of seismic interpretation. Generally, inverse Q (quality factor) filtering (IQF) is used for absorption compensation, but it may amplify noise at the same time. Although compensation methods based on inversion overcomes the instability, it is still difficult to obtain high-SNR results. To address this issue, under the framework of sparse representation theory, we proposed a single-channel attenuation compensation method constrained by generalized minimax concave (GMC) penalty function. It takes the modified Kolsky model to describe seismic absorption and combines sparse representation theory to create objective function. Furthermore, a GMC penalty function is utilized to promote sparsity. It allows more accurate estimates of sparse coefficients from noise-contaminated seismic data. Although the GMC penalty itself is concave, the objective function remains strictly convex. Therefore, globally optimal sparse solutions can be obtained through an operator-splitting algorithm. Even in the presence of noise, this method can obtain stable and accurate compensation results through reconstruction. Synthetic data tests and field seismic data application showed that this method has high robustness to noise. It can stably and effectively compensate for the energy loss of seismic data, as well as maintain high SNR.
Sixty-years of community-science data suggest earlier fall migration and short-stopping of waterfowl in North America
Authors: Cox Amelia R , Frei Barbara , Gutowsky Sarah E , Baldwin Frank B , Bianchini Kristin , Roy Christian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Worldwide, migratory phenology and movement of many bird species is shifting in response to anthropogenic climate and habitat changes. However, due to variation among species and a shortage of analyses, changes in waterfowl migration, particularly in the fall, are not well understood. Fall migration phenology and movement patterns dictate waterfowl hunting success and satisfaction, with cascading implications on economies and support for habitat management and securement. Using 60 years of band recovery data for waterfowl banded in the Canadian Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), we evaluated whether fall migration timing and/or distribution changed in Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Northern Pintail (A. acuta), and Blue-winged Teal (Spatula discors) between 1960 and 2019. We found that in the Midcontinent Flyways, Mallards and Blue-winged Teal migrated faster in more recent time periods, whereas Northern Pintail began fall migration earlier. In the Pacific Flyway, Mallards began fall migration earlier. Both Mallards and Northern Pintails showed evidence of short-stopping in the Midcontinent Flyways. Indeed, the Mallard and Northern Pintail distribution of band recovery data shifted 180 and 226 km north, respectively, from 1960 to 2019. Conversely, Blue-winged Teal recovery distributions were consistent across years. Mallards and Northern Pintails also exhibited an increased proportion of band recoveries in the Pacific Flyway in recent decades. We provide clear evidence that the timing and routes of fall migration have shifted over the past 6 decades, but these phenological and spatial shifts differ among species. We suggest that using community-science data collected by hunters themselves to explain one of the group’s major concerns (changes in duck abundance at traditional hunting grounds), within the environmental lens of climate change, may help lead to further engagement and two-way dialogue to support effective waterfowl management for these culturally and ecologically important species.
Maternal Mortality in 8 European Countries With Enhanced Surveillance Systems: Descriptive Population-based Study
Authors: Diguisto C. , Saucedo M. , Kallianidis A. , Bloemenkamp K. , Bødker B. , Buoncristiano M. , Donati S. , Gissler M. , Johansen M. , Knight M. , Korbel M. , Kristufkova A. , Nyflot L.T. , Deneux-Tharaux C. 
Published: September 2023

(BMJ. 2022;379:e070621)
Maternal mortality rate (MMR) helps indicate the quality of national maternal care, and international comparisons highlight maternal health disparities. While maternal mortality has historically been compared using vital statistics, recent studies have shown those to have limitations and lack validity. As a result, several European countries initiated an enhanced surveillance system for maternal mortality. The new approach standardizes and optimizes identification, documentation, classification, and data collection from every maternal death. The International Network of Obstetric Survey Systems (INOSS) has gathered and compared the population-based data. The aim of this study was to compare national maternal mortality patterns between European countries using data from the new enhanced maternal mortality surveillance systems.