bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic partner attitudes: Sources, implications, and future directions
Authors: Faure Ruddy , McNulty James K. , Karremans Johan C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSatisfying romantic relationships offer numerous social and health benefits, making it critical to understand the trajectory of relationship satisfaction. In recent years, research has begun to examine the role of automatic processes in relationship contexts. In particular, a growing number of studies have incorporated indirect (implicit) measures developed by socio‐cognitive researchers to capture people's automatic partner attitudes—the spontaneous affective reactions toward their partner that people may at times be unable to access or unwilling to self‐report in more direct (explicit) measures like questionnaires. In this paper, we review work illustrating how automatic partner attitudes can help explain, predict, and promote both the functioning and the well‐being of romantic couples. That is, we integrate theoretical perspectives on interdependence, attachment, and attitudes to discuss empirical evidence relative to why automatic partner attitudes differ from self‐reported judgments of relationship satisfaction, how such attitudes form in the context of real‐world relationship experiences, and under which conditions they affect dyadic interactions in everyday life. Further, we identify important questions that remain unanswered and provide recommendations that may benefit future work on couples and beyond.
Social protection and state‐citizen relations: A review of the literature
Authors: Ulriksen Marianne S. , Plagerson Sophie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is frequently assumed that social protection can play a key role in positively transforming state‐citizen relations in the global South. We examine the evidence with a focus on recipients and non‐recipients, both citizens and non‐citizens. Based on a systematic literature review, we identify three levels of analysis: activity, perceptions and expectations. A common thread through these levels is the bifurcated and hierarchical nature of relationships between social protection recipients on the one side and the state and non‐recipients on the other. Thus, the cross‐section of evidence does not conclusively support the oft‐assumed transformative potentials of social protection. Arguably, theoretical frameworks on activities, perceptions and expectations allow us to explore further the differentiated relationships shaped by social protection.
On Boltyanski and Gohberg's partition conjecture
Authors: Wang Jun , Xue Fei , Zong Chuanming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 1965, Boltyanski and Gohberg made the following conjecture: Every bounded set in an ‐dimensional normed space can be divided into subsets of smaller diameters. In this paper, we prove the following result: Every bounded set in an ‐dimensional normed space can be divided into subsets of smaller diameters.
Convergent escape behaviour from distinct visual processing of impending collision in fish and grasshoppers
Authors: Dewell Richard B. , Carroll‐Mikhail Terri , Eisenbrandt Margaret R. , Mendoza Alexander F. , Halder Bidisha , Preuss Thomas , Gabbiani Fabrizio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn animal species ranging from invertebrate to mammals, visually guided escape behaviours have been studied using looming stimuli, the two‐dimensional expanding projection on a screen of an object approaching on a collision course at constant speed. The peak firing rate or membrane potential of neurons responding to looming stimuli often tracks a fixed threshold angular size of the approaching stimulus that contributes to the triggering of escape behaviours. To study whether this result holds more generally, we designed stimuli that simulate acceleration or deceleration over the course of object approach on a collision course. Under these conditions, we found that the angular threshold conveyed by collision detecting neurons in grasshoppers was sensitive to acceleration whereas the triggering of escape behaviours was less so. In contrast, neurons in goldfish identified through the characteristic features of the escape behaviours they trigger, showed little sensitivity to acceleration. This closely mirrored a broader lack of sensitivity to acceleration of the goldfish escape behaviour. Thus, although the sensory coding of simulated colliding stimuli with non‐zero acceleration probably differs in grasshoppers and goldfish, the triggering of escape behaviours converges towards similar characteristics. Approaching stimuli with non‐zero acceleration may help refine our understanding of neural computations underlying escape behaviours in a broad range of animal species.
imageKey points
A companion manuscript showed that two mathematical models of collision‐detecting neurons in grasshoppers and goldfish make distinct predictions for the timing of their responses to simulated objects approaching on a collision course with non‐zero acceleration.
Testing these experimental predictions showed that grasshopper neurons are sensitive to acceleration while goldfish neurons are not, in agreement with the distinct models proposed previously in these species using constant velocity approaches.
Grasshopper and goldfish escape behaviours occurred after the stimulus reached a fixed angular size insensitive to acceleration, suggesting further downstream processing in grasshopper motor circuits to match what was observed in goldfish.
Thus, in spite of different sensory processing in the two species, escape behaviours converge towards similar solutions.
The use of object acceleration during approach on a collision course may help better understand the neural computations implemented for collision avoidance in a broad range of species.
Changes in the Force–Velocity Relationship of Knee Muscles After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using the Isokinetic 2-Point Model
Authors: Drigny Joffrey , Calmès Anaelle , Reboursière Emmanuel , Hulet Christophe , Gauthier Antoine 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R), knee muscle strength symmetry is used as part of the return-to-sport criteria. However, little is known about the changes in the force–velocity (F–V) relationship, which could affect athletic performance. This study investigated the F–V relationship of knee muscles at 4 and 8 months after ACL-R, using the 2-point method tested by isokinetic dynamometry. Methods: A total of 103 physically trained individuals (24.6 [9.3] y, 59.2% male) who underwent primary ACL-R were included. Demographic information and surgery characteristics were collected at 6 weeks postoperatively. Isokinetic knee flexors’ and extensors’ peak torques were measured at 60° and 240° per second in the concentric mode at 4 and 8 months postoperative. Peak torques and angular velocities were converted to force and linear velocity for calculating maximum isometric force (F0) and the slope of the regression line (F–V slope). Results: At 4 and 8 months postoperative, F0 was significantly lower and F–V slope was significantly less steep (less negative) on the operated leg compared with the nonoperated leg for knee extensors (P < .001) and flexors (P < .001–.002). The limb symmetry index calculated using F0 was lower than the limb symmetry indexes assessed at 60° and 240° per second, especially for knee flexors (P < .001). The use of patellar tendon grafts was associated with lower F0 and a less steep F–V slope compared with hamstring tendon grafts (P < .010). Conclusion: The isokinetic 2-point model assessing the F–V relationship provides additional and relevant insight for evaluating knee muscle strength after ACL-R.
Human herpesvirus 6A nuclear matrix protein U37 interacts with heat shock transcription factor 1 and activates the heat shock response
Authors: Huang Jing Rin , Arii Jun , Hirai Mansaku , Nishimura Mitsuhiro , Mori Yasuko 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Nascent nucleocapsids of herpesviruses acquire a primary envelope during their nuclear export by budding through the inner nuclear membrane into the perinuclear space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes. This process is mediated by a conserved viral heterodimeric complex designated the nuclear egress complex, which consists of the nuclear matrix protein and the nuclear membrane protein. In addition to its essential roles during nuclear egress, the nuclear matrix protein has been shown to interact with intracellular signaling pathway molecules including NF-κB and IFN-β to affect viral or cellular gene expression. The human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) U37 gene encodes a nuclear matrix protein, the role of which has not been analyzed. Here, we show that HHV-6A U37 activates the heat shock element promoter and induces the accumulation of the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Mechanistically, HHV-6A U37 interacts with heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and induces its phosphorylation at Ser-326. We report that pharmacological inhibition of HSF1, Hsp70, or Hsp90 decreases viral protein accumulation and viral replication. Taken together, our results lead us to propose a model in which HHV-6A U37 activates the heat shock response to support viral gene expression and replication.

IMPORTANCE

Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) is a dsDNA virus belonging to the
Roseolovirus
genus within the
Betaherpesvirinae
subfamily. It is frequently found in patients with neuroinflammatory disease, although its pathogenetic role, if any, awaits elucidation. The heat shock response is important for cell survival under stressful conditions that disrupt homeostasis. Our results indicate that HHV-6A U37 activates the heat shock element promoter and leads to the accumulation of heat shock proteins. Next, we show that the heat shock response is important for viral replication. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the function of HHV-6A U37 in host cell signaling and identify potential cellular targets involved in HHV-6A pathogenesis and replication.
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase stability correlates with Gag cleavage efficiency: reverse transcriptase interaction implications for modulating protease activation
Authors: Hsieh Shih-Han , Yu Fu-Hsien , Huang Kuo-Jung , Wang Chin-Tien 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Proteolytic processing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles mediated by viral protease (PR) is essential for acquiring virus infectivity. Activation of PR embedded in Gag-Pol is triggered by Gag-Pol dimerization during virus assembly. We previously reported that amino acid substitutions at the RT tryptophan repeat motif destabilize virus-associated RT and attenuate the ability of efavirenz (EFV, an RT dimerization enhancer) to increase PR-mediated Gag cleavage efficiency. Furthermore, a single amino acid change at RT significantly reduces virus yields due to enhanced Gag cleavage. These data raise the possibility of the RT domain contributing to PR activation by promoting Gag-Pol dimerization. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the putative involvement of a hydrophobic leucine repeat motif (LRM) spanning RT L282 to L310 in RT/RT interactions. We found that LRM amino acid substitutions led to RT instability and that RT is consequently susceptible to degradation by PR. The LRM mutants exhibited reduced Gag cleavage efficiencies while attenuating the EFV enhancement of Gag cleavage. In addition, an RT dimerization-defective mutant, W401A, reduced enhanced Gag cleavage via a leucine zipper (LZ) motif inserted at the deleted Gag-Pol region. Importantly, the presence of RT and integrase domains failed to counteract the LZ enhancement of Gag cleavage. A combination of the Gag cleavage enhancement factors EFV and W402A markedly impaired Gag cleavage, indicating a disruption of W402A Gag-Pol dimerization following EFV binding to W402A Gag-Pol. Our results support the idea that RT modulates PR activation by affecting Gag-Pol/Gag-Pol interaction.

IMPORTANCE
A stable reverse transcriptase (RT) p66/51 heterodimer is required for HIV-1 genome replication in host cells following virus entry. The activation of viral protease (PR) to mediate virus particle processing helps viruses acquire infectivity following cell release. RT and PR both appear to be major targets for inhibiting HIV-1 replication. We found a strong correlation between impaired p66/51RT stability and deficient PR-mediated Gag cleavage, suggesting that RT/RT interaction is critical for triggering PR activation via the promotion of adequate Gag-Pol dimerization. Accordingly, RT/RT interaction is a potentially advantageous method for anti-HIV/AIDS therapy if it is found to simultaneously block PR and RT enzymatic activity.
Complete genome sequence of phi29-like
Microbacterium foliorum
podovirus phage PineapplePizza
Authors: LaBianca Kylie , Butura Jessica , McKnight Arden , Pan Karin , Whelan Sean , Punska Elizabeth , Pause Robert , Igbinosa Bright , Ribbe Alexander , Chien Peter , Russell Daniel , Garlena Rebecca , Hatfull Graham , Jacobs-Sera Deborah , Rocheleau Jessica 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage PineapplePizza is a podovirus infecting
Microbacterium foliorum
NRRL B-24224. The genome is 16,662 bp long and contains 23 predicted protein-coding genes. Interestingly, PineapplePizza shows amino acid similarities to well-studied
Bacillus subtilis
phage phi29.
Emergence of KPC-113 and KPC-114 variants in ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
belonging to high-risk clones ST11 and ST16 in South America
Authors: Vásquez-Ponce Felipe , Bispo Jessica , Becerra Johana , Fontana Herrison , Pariona Jesus G. M. , Esposito Fernanda , Fuga Bruna , Oliveira Flavio A. , Brunetti Florencia , Power Pablo , Gutkind Gabriel , Schreiber Angelica Zaninelli , Lincopan Nilton 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Two novel variants of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
carbapenemase (KPC) associated with resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) and designated as KPC-113 and KPC-114 by NCBI were identified in 2020, in clinical isolates of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
in Brazil. While
K. pneumoniae
of ST16 harbored the
bla
KPC-113
variant on an IncFII-IncFIB plasmid,
K. pneumoniae
of ST11 carried the
bla
KPC-114
variant on an IncN plasmid. Both isolates displayed resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins, β-lactam inhibitors, and ertapenem and doripenem, whereas
K. pneumoniae
producing KPC-114 showed susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem. Whole-genome sequencing and
in silico
analysis revealed that KPC-113 presented a Gly insertion between Ambler positions 264 and 265 (R264_A265insG), whereas KPC-114 displayed two amino acid insertions (Ser-Ser) between Ambler positions 181 and 182 (S181_P182insSS) in KPC-2, responsible for CZA resistance profiles. Our results confirm the emergence of novel KPC variants associated with resistance to CZA in international clones of
K. pneumoniae
circulating in South America.

IMPORTANCE

KPC-2 carbapenemases are endemic in Latin America. In this regard, in 2018, ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) was authorized for clinical use in Brazil due to its significant activity against KPC-2 producers. In recent years, reports of resistance to CZA have increased in this country, limiting its clinical application. In this study, we report the emergence of two novel KPC-2 variants, named KPC-113 and KPC-114, associated with CZA resistance in
Klebsiella pneumoniae
strains belonging to high-risk clones ST11 and ST16. Our finding suggests that novel mutations in KPC-2 are increasing in South America, which is a critical issue deserving active surveillance.
The bovine leukemia virus-derived long non-coding RNA AS1-S binds to bovine hnRNPM and alters the interaction between hnRNPM and host mRNAs
Authors: Andoh Kiyohiko , Nishimori Asami , Matsuura Yuichi 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Viruses utilize several strategies to cause latent infection and evade host immune responses. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), a class of non-protein-encoding RNA that regulates various cellular functions by interacting with RNA-binding proteins, plays important roles for viral latency in several viruses, such as herpesviruses and retroviruses, due to its lack of antigenicity. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), which belongs to the family Retroviridae, encodes the BLV-derived lncRNA AS1-S, which is a major transcript expressed in latently infected cells. We herein identified bovine heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNPM), an RNA-binding protein located in the nucleus, as the binding partner of AS1-S using an RNA-protein pull-down assay. The pull-down assay using recombinant hnRNPM mutants showed that RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) 1 and 2, located in the N-terminal region of bovine hnRNPM, were responsible for the binding to AS1-S. Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay results showed that the expression of AS1-S increased the number of mRNAs that co-immunoprecipitated with bovine hnRNPM in MDBK cells. These results suggested that AS1-S could alter the interaction between hnRNPM and host mRNAs, potentially interfering with cellular functions during the initial phase of mRNA maturation in the nucleus. Since most of the identified mRNAs that exhibited increased binding to hnRNPM were correlated with the KEGG term “Pathways in cancer,” AS1-S might affect the proliferation and expansion of BLV-infected cells and contribute to tumor progression.

IMPORTANCE
BLV infects bovine B cells and causes malignant lymphoma, a disease that greatly affects the livestock industry. Due to its low incidence and long latent period, the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of lymphoma remain enigmatic. Several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as miRNA and lncRNA, have recently been discovered in the BLV genome, and the relationship between BLV pathogenesis and these ncRNAs is attracting attention. However, most of the molecular functions of these transcripts remain unidentified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing a molecular function for the BLV-derived lncRNA AS1-S. The findings reported herein reveal a novel mechanism underlying BLV pathogenesis that could provide important insights for not only BLV research but also comparative studies of retroviruses.
A prebiotic diet modulates the oral microbiome composition and results in the attenuation of oropharyngeal candidiasis in mice
Authors: Vazquez-Munoz Roberto , Thompson Angela , Sobue Takanori , Dongari-Bagtzoglou Anna 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Oral bacteria can influence the ability of
Candida albicans
to cause oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). We recently reported that a
Lactobacillus johnsonii
-enriched oral microbiota reduced
C. albicans
virulence in an immunosuppressed OPC mouse model. As a follow-up, in this work, we aimed to enrich the resident oral
Lactobacillus
communities with a prebiotic diet to further assess their effect on the severity of OPC. We tested the effect of a prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS)-enriched diet in the oral global bacterial composition and severity of OPC. We assessed changes in the oral microbiome composition via 16S-rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, validated by qPCR. The impact of the prebiotic diet on
Candida
infection was assessed by quantifying changes in oral fungal and bacterial biomass and scoring tongue lesions. Contrary to expectations, oral
Lactobacillus
communities were not enriched by the XOS-supplemented diet. Yet, XOS modulated the oral microbiome composition, increasing
Bifidobacterium
abundance and reducing enterococci and staphylococci. In the OPC model, the XOS diet attenuated
Candida
virulence and bacterial dysbiosis, increasing lactobacilli and reducing enterococci on the oral mucosa. We conclude that XOS attenuates
Candida
virulence by promoting a bacterial microbiome structure more resilient to
Candida
infection.

IMPORTANCE

This is the first study on the effects of a prebiotic diet on the oral mucosal bacterial microbiome and an oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) mouse model. We found that xylo-oligosaccharides change the oral bacterial community composition and attenuate OPC. Our results contribute to the understanding of the impact of the oral bacterial communities on
Candida
virulence.
Erythronate utilization activates VdtR regulating its metabolism to promote
Brucella
proliferation, inducing abortion in mice
Authors: Yin Yi , Fang Tian , Lian Zhengmin , Zuo Dong , Hu Hai , Zhang Guangdong , Ding Chan , Tian Mingxing , Yu Shengqing 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Brucella
is a facultative intracellular pathogen that preferentially colonizes reproductive organs and utilizes erythritol as a preferred carbon source for its survival and proliferation. In this study, we identified a
v
irulence-related
D
eoR-family
t
ranscriptional
r
egulator (VdtR) and an erythronate metabolic pathway responsible for four-carbon acid sugar metabolism of D-erythronate and L-threonate in
Brucella
. We found that VdtR plays an important role in
Brucella
intracellular survival and trafficking to the endoplasmic reticulum in RAW 264.7 macrophages and in virulence in a mouse model. More importantly, we found that VdtR negatively regulates the erythronate metabolic pathway to promote extracellular proliferation of
Brucella
, depending on utilization of D-erythronate, an oxidative product of erythritol in the host. In a pregnant mouse model, the erythronate metabolic pathway was shown to cooperate with erythritol metabolism and play a crucial role in
Brucella
proliferation in the placenta, inducing placentitis and finally resulting in abortion or stillbirth. Our results demonstrate that, in addition to erythritol, erythronate is a preferred carbon source for
Brucella
utilization to promote its extracellular proliferation. This discovery updates the information on the preferential colonization of reproductive organs by
Brucella
and provides a novel insight into the
Brucella
-associated induction of abortion in pregnant animals.

IMPORTANCE

Brucella
is an intracellular parasitic bacterium causing zoonosis, which is distributed worldwide and mainly characterized by reproductive disorders. Erythritol is found in allantoic fluid, chorion, and placenta of aborted animals, preferentially utilized by
Brucella
to cause infertility and abortion. However, the erythritol metabolism-defected mutant was unable to function as a vaccine strain due to its residual virulence. Here, we found that erythronate, an oxidative product of erythritol in the host, was also preferentially utilized by
Brucella
relying on the function of a deoxyribonucleoside regulator-family transcriptional regulator VdtR. Erythronate utilization activates VdtR regulation of the erythronate metabolic pathway to promote
Brucella
extracellular proliferation, inducing placentitis/abortion in mice. Double mutations on
Brucella
erythritol and D-erythronate metabolisms significantly reduced bacterial virulence. This study revealed a novel mechanism of
Brucella
infection-induced abortion, thus providing a new clue for the study of safer
Brucella
attenuated vaccines.