bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’Arétin réillustré ou la réinvention d’un livre perdu
Authors: Rosellini Michèle 
Published: March 2023

Après l’interdiction de la série des Amours des Dieux gravée par Marcantonio Raimondi sur les dessins de Giulio Romano (1524), les gravures disparues furent associées dans l’imaginaire collectif aux sonnets obscènes qu’elles avaient inspirés à l’Arétin. En France au xvii e siècle le vocable « les arétins » désignait tout recueil de postures érotiques supposé exister. Les éditeurs de livres à vignettes de la fin du xviii e siècle ont réalisé le fantasme en proposant des versions illustrées de textes faussement attribués à l’Arétin. Ils ont ainsi inventé le livre pornographique.
Réillustrer les Fables de La Fontaine (1755-1870) : re-voir un classique ?
Authors: Spica Anne-Élisabeth 
Published: March 2023

Les Fables de La Fontaine sont un des classiques les plus édités et les plus illustrés du patrimoine littéraire français, de la fin du xviii e à la fin du xix e siècle. Par rapport à la réception lisible qu’en conditionne l’apprentissage scolaire, la réillustration ouvre la narration à des jeux visuels, entre tradition et transgression rénovatrice, qui remotivent en profondeur les relations entre le texte et l’image.
Pour en finir avec l’acronyme GAFAM
Authors: Isaac Henri 
Published: March 2023

L’acronyme gafam a connu un succès inédit dans le débat public français. Comment comprendre ce succès ? Pourquoi un amalgame de plateformes numériques américaines aux modèles d’affaires si différents s’est-il imposé ? De quoi est-il la manifestation ? En incarnant la transformation numérique de la société, les gafam constituent un bouc émissaire qui empêche la compréhension des profondes transformations de cette révolution invisible. La dénonciation obsessionnelle de ces acteurs par les responsables politiques français permet d’éviter un débat plus complexe sur leur rôle dans la stratégie de puissance des États-Unis.
Les GAFAM, entre emprise structurelle et crise d’hégémonie
Authors: Smyrnaios Nikos 
Published: March 2023

Tributaires du contexte économique et politique mondial, les gafam subissent des turbulences pour trois raisons conjoncturelles : baisse de rentabilité, plans sociaux et renforcement de la régulation publique de leurs activités. Mais, malgré la multiplication des contraintes nouvelles, les paramètres opérationnels fondamentaux de ces entreprises demeurent inchangés. Aussi, la conjoncture compliquée ne remet pas en cause leur emprise structurelle sur la quasi-totalité de notre vie sociale et économique, ce qui leur confère un pouvoir extraordinaire et leur assure un avenir profitable.
Comment l’apprentissage artificiel change notre monde
Authors: Benavent Christophe 
Published: March 2023

Pour comprendre la manière dont les intelligences artificielles affectent la société, il est nécessaire, d’abord, de les situer dans un ensemble plus vaste de techniques et de systèmes qui déploient sur la société une infrastructure encourageant le développement de boucles de contrôle des activités sociales et économiques. Ensuite, il faut se rappeler qu’elles sont le fruit d’une économie à la recherche constante de gains de productivité ; elles constituent de ce point de vue le produit endogène de la plateformisation du monde. Finalement, parce qu’elles sont plongées dans la société, leurs effets inattendus, parfois délétères, en font des sujets politiques. L’enjeu essentiel est celui de leur légitimité.
Des GAFAM aux RUM : plateformes et débrouille dans le Sud global
Authors: Casilli Antonio , Torres-Cierpe Juana , De Stavola Federico , Peterlongo Gianmarco 
Published: March 2023

Les gafam sont souvent considérés comme les acteurs incontestés de l’économie numérique mondiale. Cependant, au travers de trois « ethnographies situées », nous nous concentrons sur les « rum » (Rappi, Uber et Microworkers) pour analyser les usages en ligne de livreurs mexicains, de chauffeurs en Argentine et de travailleurs du clic au Venezuela. Si, dans les pays à haut revenu, les acteurs du numérique bénéficient de la stabilité et de la protection sociale fournies par l’emploi formel, dans le contexte de l’Amérique latine, c’est au contraire en exploitant l’informalité et en réactivant des relations de « colonialité » qu’ils arrivent à extraire de la valeur. La mise en place de méthodes de débrouille et de solidarité active montre que la sphère informelle constitue un espace conflictuel où se développent des expériences d’émancipation qui peuvent aussi inspirer les luttes sociales des pays du Nord.
La Commission européenne, la norme et sa puissance
Authors: Toledano Joëlle 
Published: March 2023

La Commission européenne, pour devenir une puissance normative, doit réussir la mise en œuvre de ses nouveaux règlements sur les marchés et services numériques. Enjeu majeur pour l’Europe, une régulation efficace nécessitera de prendre en compte les stratégies d’acteurs puissants, la disponibilité de moyens et de compétences à la hauteur du défi, en s’appuyant sur les autorités compétentes des États membres et toutes les parties prenantes au sein de l’Union. La liberté d’expression pourra-t-elle être préservée quel que soit le modèle économique ?
Les États autoritaires face aux Big Tech
Authors: Nocetti Julien , Sel Pierre 
Published: March 2023

Comment les États autoritaires abordent-ils leur relation avec les géants du numérique ? À travers deux cas d’étude emblématiques, la Chine et la Russie, cet article montre les rapports ambivalents des Big Tech vis-à-vis de ces régimes où prime le pouvoir politique sur les intérêts privés. Placés entre des intérêts économiques réciproques et les volontés de conserver une souveraineté nationale, les géants du numérique, tant occidentaux que chinois ou russes, ont appris à gérer les conflits et les contradictions pour préserver leurs parts de marché.
Pour des GAFAM européens
Authors: O Cédric 
Published: March 2023

Dans une économie mondiale où la capacité à innover est devenue cardinale, la domination américano-chinoise est quasi hégémonique. Le manque d’investissements et les rigidités d’un système économique hérité des Trente Glorieuses ont creusé un retard menaçant la souveraineté économique mais aussi politique de l’Europe, qui ne compte encore quasiment aucun acteur majeur dans la « tech ». Notre continent possède pourtant des atouts indéniables, et la dynamique enclenchée depuis le milieu des années 2010 incite à plus d’optimisme, pour peu qu’il s’en donne les moyens.
Urbanisme et environnement dans l’enseignement de l’architecture à la veille de Mai 1968
Authors: Pinson Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Jusqu’en 1967, l’urbanisme ne figurait que parmi les enseignements optionnels de la section architecture de l’École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts (Ensba). La réforme voulue par André Malraux se proposait d’y remédier. Au fil de réunions préparatoires largement ouvertes, l’urbanisme parviendra, avec l’architecte-urbaniste Michel Écochard, chargé d’une mission d’aménagement inédite de la Corse, à définir sa place, dans le voisinage, très conquérant, des sciences sociales, mais aussi de celui, plus prémonitoire, de l’environnement. Les difficultés de coordination avec les premières, ainsi que les tensions internes à l’Ensba, conduiront cependant à la démission de Michel Écochard, avant même que n’éclate Mai 1968.
Prospective analysis of impact of learning curve in robotic-assisted rectal surgery in the high-volume Indian tertiary care centre
Authors: Somashekhar S. P. , Saldanha Elroy , Pandey Kalyan , Kumar Rohit , Ashwin K. R. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Minimally invasive surgery in rectal cancer has gained prominence owing to its various advantages in surgical outcomes. Due to rapid adoption of robotics in rectal surgery, we intended to assess the pace in which surgeons gain proficiency using cumulative summation (CUSUM) technique in learning curve.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective study of 262 rectal cancer cases who underwent robotic-assisted low anterior resection and abdominoperineal resection (RA-LAR and RA-APR). Parameters considered for the study were console time, docking time, lymph nodal yield, total operative time and post-operative outcomes. We used Manipal technique of port placements and modified centroside docking for the procedure.

Results:
The mean age of our study was 46.62 ± 5.7 years, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 31.51 ± 3.2 kg/m2. 215 (82.06%) underwent RA-LAR and 47 (17.93%) underwent RA-APR. 2.67% of cases required to open during our initial period. We had three phases of learning curve, initial phase (11th case), plateau phase (29th case) and then phases of mastery (30th case onwards). Our mean total operative time reduced from 5.5 to 3.5 h (210 ± 8.2 min), console time from 4.5 to 2.9 h (174 ± 4.5 min) and docking time from 15 to 9 ± 1 min from 30th case onwards.

Conclusion:
RA surgeries for rectal cancer have got good oncological and functional outcomes in high BMI, male pelvis and low rectal cancers. Learning curve can be shortened with constant self-auditing of the surgeon and team with each surgeries performed, reviewing the steps and by improving techniques.
Laparoscopic management of an ileal lipoma presenting with massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Authors: Kumar Saket , Harisankar A. G. , Kumar Pankaj , Kumar Abhay , Parween Rana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Small bowel lipomas are benign submucosal neoplasm composed mainly of mature adipose tissue. Despite their rare occurrence, lipomas are the second most common benign tumour of the small intestine. These tumours are mostly small in size and remain clinically asymptomatic. However, larger lesions tend to be more symptomatic, presenting with complications such as intussusception, bleeding or obstruction. Definitive surgical or endoscopic intervention is indicated in such symptomatic lipomas. Herein, we describe a rare case of ileal lipoma presenting with ileo-ileal intussusception and a life-threatening haemorrhage that was managed by laparoscopic-assisted ileal resection.
Prospective analysis of 164 fires of da Vinci SureForm SmartFire stapler in oncological cases: Indian cohort of 76 consecutive cases
Authors: Somashekhar S. P. , Saldanha Elroy , Kumar Rohit , Pandey Kalyan , Dahiya Akhil , Ashwin K. R. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The application of robotic staplers in surgeries has increased in recent years. Robotic platform enhances ability of the surgeon to directly control and manoeuvre staplers to achieve required angulation and sealing within the confines of the thorax and pelvis. Hence, in this study, we intended to learn the effectiveness of the SureForm™ SmartFire™ technology stapling system in various oncological procedures.

Patients and Methods:
Prospective study of 76 patients who underwent robotic-assisted total oesophagectomy, gastrectomies, hemicolectomies, low anterior resection/abdominoperineal resection and lobectomies/metastasectomy for respective malignancies for 16 months. Internal data log of the da Vinci surgical system for reload colour, reloads used, clamp attempts and staple fires used during each procedure along with patient’s post-operative outcomes were recorded.

Results:
One hundred and sixty-four firings have been made in 76 cases, with the majority being green reloads (76.8%) and average reloads for radical cystectomy 3.5, lobectomies/metastasectomy 3.44 and oesophagectomy 2.55. None of the cases had incomplete firings and required force-fire activation. In forty per cent of cases, the robotic stapler had to pause for sequential compression and seal. Seventy per cent of anterior resection procedures had at least one firing >45° beyond the laparoscopy limit. Collectively 52% SureForm stapler fires in anterior resection with >45° angle of fire. None of the cases had bleed or leak.

Conclusion:
SureForm™ SmartFire™ robotic staplers can be used for various oncological surgeries with minimal peri-operative leak and bleeding and has better articulation in closed spaces. Further case-matched comparative studies with laparoscopic or handheld powered staplers would be required for useful operative decision-making and analyse the clinical outcomes.
Efficacy analysis of hybrid operating room-based laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the treatment of cholelithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis – A case–control study
Authors: Lv Shangdong , Wang Binfeng , Hu Peng , Shi Binyao , Zhang Wenlong , Wang Aidong 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
The objective is to compare the therapeutic effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) combined with intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in hybrid operating room and ERCP + LC under traditional conditions in the treatment of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

Materials and Methods:
Data of 82 patients with cholelithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis treated by our centre from November 2018 to March 2021 were retrospectively analysed. Amongst them, 40 patients treated with LC combined with intraoperative ERCP in a hybrid operating room were placed into Group A, and 42 patients treated with ERCP first followed by LC under traditional conditions were placed into Group B. The differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical success rate, stone clearance rate, pain score, exhaust time, ambulation time, post-operative complications, length of hospital stay, hospitalisation cost and other indicators between the two groups were compared.

Results:
There were no significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical success rate and stone clearance rate between the two groups (P > 0.05), while there were significant differences in post-operative pain score, exhaust time, ambulation time, length of hospital stay, hospitalisation cost and complications (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
LC combined with intraoperative ERCP in hybrid operating room for the treatment of cholelithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis has a better therapeutic effect than traditional ERCP followed by LC, which is worthy of further popularization. Notably, the reasonable selection should be made based on patients’ own conditions and hospital facilities.
A review of the first 100 robotic cholecystectomies with a new cart-based surgical robot at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Chowbey Pradeep , Dewan Abhimanyu , Sharma Anil , Khullar Rajesh , Soni Vandana , Baijal Manish 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Robotic cholecystectomy appears to be a natural evolution of the well-established gold standard procedure for gallstones, namely laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Akin to the early days of laparoscopy, robotic surgery is associated with a learning curve. We present our experiences in adapting to robotic surgery after the first 100 robotic cholecystectomies at a minimal access surgery tertiary care hospital.

Material and Methods:
The first consecutive 100 robotic cholecystectomies performed by a single surgeon on the Versius robotic surgical system (CMR Surgical, UK) were included in the study. Patients unwilling to give consent and complex pathologies such as gangrene, perforation and cholecystoenteric fistulas were excluded from the study. Operative time, robotic setup time, incidence and indication for conversion to manual (laparoscopic) procedure were recorded while subjective assessment of interruptions due to machine alarms and errors was made. All data were compared between the first 50 and last 50 procedures.

Results:
Our data revealed a gradual reduction in operative time from 28.53 min for the first 50 procedures to 22.06 min for the last 50 procedures. An improvement in draping and setup times was also noted, reducing from 7.74 to 5.14 min and 7.96 to 5.32 min, respectively. There were no conversions during the last 50 procedures, though the first 50 procedures resulted in 3 conversions to a laparoscopic procedure. In addition, we also noted a subjective reduction in the incidence of machine errors and alarms as we became more versed with the robotic system.

Conclusion:
Our single-centre experience indicates that newer modular robotic systems present a rapid and natural progression for experienced surgeons looking to venture into robotic surgery. The well-established advantages of robotic surgery in the form of enhanced ergonomics, three-dimensional vision and improved dexterity are validated as indispensable aids in a surgeon’s armamentarium. Our initial experience reveals that robotic surgery for more common surgical procedures such as cholecystectomies will be rapidly accepted, safe and effective. There is a need to innovate and expand the range of instrumentation and energy devices available.
Veress needle insertion simulation model: A simple new module for advanced surgical skill training
Authors: Durchholz William , Shea Connor , Kronner Daniel , Tuma Faiz 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Training on Veress needle (VN) insertion cannot be done by observation without practicing tactile feedback. In this study, a simple and reproducible VN insertion training model was created. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of using the proposed model in simulating actual real-life surgical experiences.

Methods:
The proposed VN insertion training model is made of three layers of synthetic rubber and plastic materials, simulating the tensile strength and texture of the three abdominal wall muscle layers. Surgeons and senior residents with experience in minimally invasive procedures were asked to practice VN insertion on this model, each completing the procedure three times. Participants were then asked to record their comments and answer six questions regarding their experience practicing on the model.

Results:
Ten surgeons and four senior residents participated in this study. All participants agreed or strongly agreed that the model simulates the surgery experience regarding the shape and overall structure, tactile feedback and confirmation of complete/successful insertion. Twelve participants (86%) agreed or strongly agreed that the pressure/force needed for VN insertion was like real surgery experience and that the overall experience with using this model is similar to the real surgical experience. Almost all participants (93%) agreed or strongly agreed that the model is a valuable resource for training before practicing the procedure on real patients.

Conclusions:
The VN insertion training model provides a valuable training opportunity on a demanding surgical skill. It is simple, reproducible and closely simulates surgery.
The learning curve of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery of millennial surgeons: Lessons for a safe implementation in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Sekkat Hamza , Souadka Amine , Alaoui Leila , Rafik Ali , Belkhadir Zakaria , Amrani Laila , Benkabbou Amine , Mohsine Raouf , Majbar Anass Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to analyse the learning curve (LC) in laparoscopic rectal cancer resections of 2 millennial surgeons during the implementation of the first laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery programme in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) cancer centre.

Methods:
All consecutive patients operated by two millennial surgeons for primary rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2018 and March 2020 were included. The LC was analysed for operative duration and conversion to open surgery using both cumulative sum (CUSUM) and/or variable life-adjusted display (VLAD) charts.

Results:
Eighty-four patients were included, 45 (53.6%) men with a mean age of 57.3 years. Abdominoperineal resection was performed in 31 (36.9%) cases and resections were extended to other organs in 20 (23.8%) patients. Thirteen patients (15.5%) had conversion to open surgery. Using CUSUM, Learning curve based on conversion was completed at 12 cases for the first surgeon versus 10 cases for the second. While using VLAD and learning curve-CUSUM (LC-CUSUM), the cases needed were 26 vs 24 respectively. The median operative duration was 314 min with a LC completed at cases (17 vs. 26), and (18 vs. 29) using, respectively, standard and LC-CUSUM.

Conclusions:
This study shows a safe and short LC of millennial surgeons during the implementation of a laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery in an LMIC cancer centre, and the valuable use of modern statistical methods in the prospective assessment of LC safety during surgical training.
Effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on the cost of medications and management of type 2 diabetes among patients with obesity in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study
Authors: Alfaidi Raghad Ahmed , Aljdani Maha Saleh , Magliah Sultan Fahad , Farahat Fayssal M , Jaber Tariq Mohammad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Aim:
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity and the associated direct healthcare costs have been increasing worldwide. Several bariatric surgical procedures, which have successfully resulted in body weight loss, were found to be superior to conservative therapies in managing T2DM. We aimed to assess the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on the direct cost of antidiabetic medications among adult T2DM patients in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
Following a retrospective chart review, this study included all adult T2DM patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2 who underwent LSG between January 2015 and June 2018 at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah. Patient files were reviewed at baseline, and 6 and 12 months postoperatively.

Results:
This study included 83 patients (mean age = 44.0 ± 10.9 years; men = 50.6%). BMI significantly decreased (P < 0.001) from the time of surgery (42.7 ± 6.4 kg/m2) to 6 and 12 months postoperatively (32.7 ± 6.2 kg/m2 and 29.7 ± 5.6 kg/m2, respectively), as did the glycosylated hemoglobin values (7.6% ± 1.6%, 6.0% ± 0.9%, and 6.1% ± 1.3%, respectively, P < 0.001). Overall, T2DM patients saved 1479 (95% confidence interval: 1053.75–1904.24) Saudi Riyal on their medications on their first-year post-LSG.

Conclusions:
LSG was effective in the management of T2DM in patients with obesity. Within 1 year postoperatively, it was associated with significantly improved diabetes control and reduced antidiabetic medication costs.
Assessment of clinical and psychological parameters in pre- and post-menopausal women
Authors: Rathod Surekha Ramrao , Jadhav Ashwini Narendra , Kolte Abhay Pandurang , Pitale Devdatt Laxman 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Literature evidence on periodontal disease-associated microorganism in pre-and postmenopausal women suggest a complicated relationship between steroid hormones, periodontal tissues, and microorganism.

Aim:
The objective of the study was to assess and contrast the periodontal health condition and quality of life (QoL) of pre-and postmenopausal women.

Materials and Methods:
100 patients were divided into four groups, i.e., healthy pre-menopausal, periodontitis pre-menopausal, healthy post-menopausal, and periodontitis post-menopausal. Periodontal parameters such as Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), Probing Pocket Depth, Clinical attachment levels, Simplified Oral hygiene index, and a Utian QoL questionnaire were filled by the patients. The differences between three groups were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test at baseline and 3 months, followed by a post hoc Tukey test.

Results:
The PI, GI, and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index levels were significantly different between healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal subjects. QoL scores were compared between the healthy premenopausal and healthy postmenopausal subjects, among which no statistically significant difference was found with P = 0.705 when compared between the positive questions score and P = 0.730 when compared between the negative questions score of the two groups.

Conclusion:
This study shows that there is no relation between menopause and QoL in women with periodontitis before and after menopause.