bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spin Hall Induced Magnetization Dynamics in Multiferroic Tunnel Junction
Authors: Pawlak Jakub , Skowroński Witold , Kuświk Piotr , Gajewska Marta , Casanova Fèlix , Przybylski Marek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe combination of spin‐orbit coupling driven effects and multiferroic tunneling properties is explored experimentally in thin Pt/Co/BaTiO3(BTO)/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3(LSMO) multilayers. The presence of a Pt heavy metal allows for the spin current‐induced magnetization precession of Co upon radio‐frequency charge current injection. The utilization of a BTO ferroelectric tunnel barrier separating the Co and LSMO ferromagnetic electrodes gives rise to both tunneling‐ magnetoresistance and electroresistance. Using the spin‐orbit torque ferromagnetic resonance, the magnetization dynamics of the Co/Pt bilayers is studied at room temperature. Unexpectedly, the magnetization dynamics study in the same geometry performed at low temperature reveals the existence of both Co and LSMO resonance peaks indicating efficient spin current generation both using the spin Hall effect in Pt and spin pumping in LSMO that tunnel via the BTO barrier.
Clinical and molecular characterization in a cohort of patients with progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia
Authors: El Dessouki Dina , Amr Khalda , Kholoussi Naglaa , Rady Hanaa M. , Temtamy Samia Ali , Abdou Manal M. S. , Aglan Mona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProgressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPRD), a rare autosomal recessive syndrome, is a type of skeletal dysplasia associated with pain, stiffness, swelling of multiple joints, and the absence of destructive changes. PPRD occurs due to loss of function pathogenic variants in WISP3 (CCN6) gene, located on chromosome 6q22. In this study, 23 unrelated Egyptian PPRD patients were clinically diagnosed based on medical history, physical and radiological examinations, and laboratory investigations. Sequencing of the whole WISP3 (CCN6) exons and introns boundaries was carried out for all patients. A total of 11 different sequence variations were identified in the WISP3 (CCN6) gene, five of them were new pathogenic variants: the NM_003880.3: c.80T>A (p.L27*), c.161delG (p.C54fs*12), c.737T>C (p.Leu246Pro), c.347‐1G>A (IVS3‐1G>A), and c.376C>T (p.Q126*). The results of this study expand the spectrum of WISP3 (CCN6) pathogenic variants associated with PPRD. Clinical and genetic analysis is important for proper genetic counseling to curb this rare disorder in the families.
Morphological integration and shape covariation between the trapezium and first metacarpal among extant hominids
Authors: Bardo Ameline , Dunmore Christopher J. , Cornette Raphaël , Kivell Tracy L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe shape of the trapezium and first metacarpal (Mc1) markedly influence thumb mobility, strength, and the manual abilities of extant hominids. Previous research has typically focused solely on trapezium‐Mc1 joint shape. Here we investigate how morphological integration and shape covariation between the entire trapezium (articular and non‐articular surfaces) and the entire Mc1 reflect known differences in thumb use in extant hominids.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed shape covariation in associated trapezia and Mc1s across a large, diverse sample of Homo sapiens (n = 40 individuals) and other extant hominids (Pan troglodytes, n = 16; Pan paniscus, n = 13; Gorilla gorilla gorilla, n = 27; Gorilla beringei, n = 6; Pongo pygmaeus, n = 14; Pongo abelii, n = 9) using a 3D geometric morphometric approach. We tested for interspecific significant differences in degree of morphological integration and patterns of shape covariation between the entire trapezium and Mc1, as well as within the trapezium‐Mc1 joint specifically.ResultsSignificant morphological integration was only found in the trapezium‐Mc1 joint of H. sapiens and G. g. gorilla. Each genus showed a specific pattern of shape covariation between the entire trapezium and Mc1 that was consistent with different intercarpal and carpometacarpal joint postures.DiscussionOur results are consistent with known differences in habitual thumb use, including a more abducted thumb during forceful precision grips in H. sapiens and a more adducted thumb in other hominids used for diverse grips. These results will help to infer thumb use in fossil hominins.
Anatomical landmarks for ultrasound‐guided rectus femoris diagnostic nerve block in post‐stroke spasticity
Authors: Facciorusso Salvatore , Spina Stefania , Gasperini Giulio , Picelli Alessandro , Filippetti Mirko , Molteni Franco , Santamato Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction/PurposeTo determine the location of the rectus femoris (RF) motor branch nerve, as well as its coordinates with reference to anatomical and ultrasound landmarks.MethodsThirty chronic stroke patients with stiff knee gait (SKG) and RF hyperactivity were included. The motor nerve branch to the RF muscle was identified medially to the vertical line from anterior superior iliac spine and the midpoint of the superior margin of the patella (line AP) and vertically to the horizontal line from the femoral pulse and its intersection point with the line AP (line F). The point of the motor branch (M) was located with ultrasound, and nerve depth and subcutaneous tissue thickness (ST) were calculated.ResultsThe coordinates of the motor branch to the RF were 2.82 (0.47) cm medially to the line AP and 4.61 (0.83) cm vertically to the line F. Nerve depth and subcutaneous tissue thickness were 2.71 (0.62) cm and 1.12 (0.75) cm, respectively.ConclusionThe use of specific coordinates may increase clinicians' confidence when performing RF motor nerve block. This could lead to better decision‐making when assessing SKG in chronic stroke patients.
Modeling Wormholes Generated by Dark Matter Galactic Halos in f(R)$f(R)$ Modified Gravity
Authors: Errehymy Abdelghani , Maurya Sunil Kumar , Hansraj Sudan , Daoud Mohammed , Alrebdi Haifa I. , Abdel‐Aty Abdel‐Haleem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWormholes (WHs) are hypothetical topologically non‐trivial spacetime structures that can be freely traversed by observers and connect two asymptotic regions or infinities. From the current theoretical development, the prospect of their existence is challenging but cannot be excluded. In this paper, generalized Ellis–Bronikov (GEB) traversable WH geometries for static and spherically symmetric spacetime in the background of gravity is explored. First, the Tsujikawa‐like model and the shape function for the GEB model is considered, which depend on a sequence of simple Lorentzian WHs with two parameters: a free even integer exponent, n, besides the throat radius, r0. One also consider that these WHs are generated by dark matter galactic halos (DMGHs), based on the three most common phenomenological models, viz., Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW), Thomas–Fermi (TF), and pseudo‐isothermal (PI). In this concern, the satisfaction of the energy conditions (ECs) which are dependent on the dark matter (DM) models, viz., dominant energy condition (DEC) and strong energy condition (SEC) and those which are not dependent viz., null energy condition (NEC) and WEC at the WH throat and its neighborhood is investigated. Finally, the presence of exotic matter is confirmed by the violation of the NEC in all cases, revealing the supremacy and physical acceptability to support the existence of the WHs and making them compatible and traversable in Tsujikawa's‐like model.
Novel promising benzoxazole/benzothiazole‐derived immunomodulatory agents: Design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and in silico ADMET analysis
Authors: Elkady Hazem , El‐Adl Khaled , Sakr Helmy , Abdelraheem Adel S. , Eissa Sally I. , El‐Zahabi Mohamed Ayman 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEleven novel benzoxazole/benzothiazole‐based thalidomide analogs were designed and synthesized to obtain new effective antitumor immunomodulatory agents. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HepG‐2, HCT‐116, PC3, and MCF‐7 cells. Generally, the open analogs with semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide moieties (10, 13a–c, 14, and 17a,b) exhibited higher cytotoxic activities than derivatives with closed glutarimide moiety (8a–d). In particular, compound 13a (IC50 = 6.14, 5.79, 10.26, and 4.71 µM against HepG‐2, HCT‐116, PC3, and MCF‐7, respectively) and 14 (IC50 = 7.93, 8.23, 12.37, and 5.43 µM, respectively) exhibited the highest anticancer activities against the four tested cell lines. The most active compounds 13a and 14 were further evaluated for their in vitro immunomodulatory activities on tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), caspase‐8 (CASP8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nuclear factor kappa‐B p65 (NF‐κB p65) in HCT‐116 cells. Compounds 13a and 14 showed a remarkable and significant reduction in TNF‐α. Furthermore, they showed significant elevation in CASP8 levels. Also, they significantly inhibited VEGF. In addition, compound 13a showed significant decreases in the level of NF‐κB p65 while compound 14 demonstrated an insignificant decrease with respect to thalidomide. Moreover, our derivatives exhibited good in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicity (ADMET) profiles.
The prevalence and developmental course of auditory processing differences in autistic children
Authors: Lau Bonnie K. , Emmons Katherine A. , Lee Adrian K. C. , Munson Jeff , Dager Stephen R. , Estes Annette M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAuditory processing differences, including hyper‐ or hyposensitivity to sound, aversions to sound, and difficulty listening under noisy, real‐world conditions, are commonly reported in autistic individuals. However, the developmental course and functional impact of these auditory processing differences are unclear. In this study, we investigate the prevalence, developmental trajectory, and functional impact of auditory processing differences in autistic children throughout childhood using a longitudinal study design. Auditory processing differences were measured using the Short Sensory Profile, a caregiver questionnaire, in addition to adaptive behaviors and disruptive/concerning behaviors at 3, 6, and 9 years of age. Our results showed that auditory processing differences were reported in greater than 70% of the autistic children in our sample at all three timepoints, maintained a high prevalence through 9 years of age, and were associated with increased disruptive/concerning behaviors and difficulty with adaptive behaviors. Furthermore, in our sample of children, auditory processing differences at age 3 years predicted disruptive/concerning behaviors and difficulty with adaptive behaviors at age 9 years. These findings warrant further investigations of the potential benefit of incorporating measures of auditory processing during routine clinical evaluations as well as interventions targeting auditory processing differences in autistic children.
Digitalization transformation and ESG performance: Evidence from China
Authors: Lu Yuzhong , Xu Cheng , Zhu Bingsheng , Sun Yanqi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the relationship between firms' digitalization transformation and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) are underexplored. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2020, this research explores the mechanisms whereby digitalization affects firms' ESG performance. We found: (i) digitalization transformation can effectively promote firms' ESG performance; (ii) digital transformation promotes firms' ESG performance by enhancing internal control and green innovation; and (iii) the positive effects between digital transformation and ESG performance are more pronounced in non‐state‐owned‐enterprises (non‐SOEs) and firms of the manufacturing industry, and hi‐tech firms, as well as firms with a higher ratio of independent directors and higher analyst coverage. (iv) The government's supportive attitude towards industrial policy has a positive moderating effect on the impact of digital transformation on ESG performance, and the degree of marketization in the region where the firm is located has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between digital transformation and ESG performance. Our research deepens the understanding of the nuanced mechanism underlying the positive relationship between firms' digital transformation and their ESG performance.
Concordance in detection of microsatellite instability by PCR and NGS in routinely processed tumor specimens of several cancer types
Authors: Bartels Stephan , Grote Isabel , Wagner Madeleine , Boog Jannik , Schipper Elisa , Reineke‐Plaass Tanja , Kreipe Hans , Lehmann Ulrich 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicrosatellite instability (MSI) occurs in several cancer types and is commonly used for prognosis and as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy.MethodsWe analyzed n = 263 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens (127 colorectal cancer (CRC), 55 endometrial cancer (EC), 33 stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), and 48 solid tumor specimens of other tumor types) with a capillary electrophoresis based multiplex monomorphic marker MSI‐PCR panel and an amplicon‐based NGS assay for microsatellite instability (MSI+). In total, n = 103 (39.2%) cases with a known defect of the DNA mismatch repair system (dMMR), determined by a loss in protein expression of MSH2/MSH6 (n = 48, 46.6%) or MLH1/PMS2 (n = 55, 53.4%), were selected. Cases with an isolated loss of MSH6 or PMS2 were excluded.ResultsThe overall sensitivity and specificity of the NGS assay in comparison with the MSI‐PCR were 92.2% and 98.8%. With CRC cases a nearly optimal concordance was reached (sensitivity 98.1% and specificity 100.0%). Whereas EC cases only show a sensitivity of 88.6% and a specificity of 95.2%, caused by several cases with instability in less than five monomorphic markers, which could be difficult to analyze by NGS (subtle MSI+ phenotype).ConclusionsMSI analysis of FFPE DNA by NGS is feasible and the results show a high concordance in comparison with the monomorphic marker MSI‐PCR. However, cases with a subtle MSI+ phenotype, most frequently manifest in EC, have a risk of a false‐negative result by NGS and should be preferentially analyzed by capillary electrophoresis.
High‐Resolution Performance of Polycaprolactone Functionalized with Guanidinium Ionic Liquid for Gas Chromatography
Authors: Ba Mengyi , Chen Ruonan , Huang Qiuchen , Song Yanli , Li Wen , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Haixin , Xu Xiang , Zhang Weidong , Cai Zhiqiang , Sun Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work firstly reported a new polycaprolactone based material functionalized with guanidinium ionic liquid (PCL‐GIL) as the stationary phase with high resolution performance for capillary gas chromatography (GC). It is composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) and guanidinium ionic liquid (GIL) with amphiphilic conformation. The PCL‐GIL capillary column coated by static method exhibited high column efficiency of 3942 plates/m and moderate polarity. As a result, the PCL‐GIL column exhibited high‐resolution capability. For a mixture of 27 analytes with a wide ranging polarity and outperformed the PCL‐2OH and HP‐35 columns, showing its advantageous separation capability for analytes of diverse types. Moreover, the PCL‐GIL column showed high resolving capability for various positional isomers and cis‐/trans‐isomers, including alkylbenzenes, chlorobenzenes, naphthalenes, bromonitrobenzenes, chloronitrobenzenes, benzaldehydes, phenols, alcohols, respectively. In a word, PCL derivatized by GIL units as a new type of stationary phase has a promising future in GC separations.
Simultaneous Mesoporosity Generation and Lewis Acidity Enhancement in Zr‐Based Metallosilicalite for Promoting the Conversion of Ethanol‐Acetaldehyde to 1,3‐Butadiene
Authors: Jiang Haoxi , Wang Bingyu , Wang Lingtao , Yang Guochao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractZr based metallosilicalites, especially Zr‐ß, is promising catalyst for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3‐butadiene, which is considered to be a sustainable alternative to petroleum steam cracking. However it is suffering from deactivation derived from coking and unsatisfied catalytic activity derived from deficient Lewis acidity. For these issues, a dissolution‐recrystallization process through tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide treatment (TEAOH) for enhancing porosity and Lewis acidity of Zr‐ß zeolite was developed in this study. A balance of dissolution and recrystallization existed in this process, which was produced by OH− etching and templating of TEA+ ions, creating additional mesoporosity. Zirconium active sites maintained tetrahedral coordination, while the Lewis acidity was enhanced by creating higher proportion open sites in framework. The recrystallized Zr‐ß exhibited higher catalytic activity and stability in the conversion of ethanol‐acetaldehyde to butadiene due to the compromise of microporosity and mesoporosity, as well as the appropriate enhancement of Lewis acidity.
Degradation Behavior of Donor‐acceptor Cyanoarenes‐based Organic Photocatalysts
Authors: Ko Haye Min , Lee Chung Whan , Kwon Min Sang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVisible‐light photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool for organic transformations in recent years. The traditional reliance on transition metal‐based complexes as photocatalysts has raised concerns regarding their toxicity and the sustainability of precious metals, leading to the exploration of organic photocatalysts. Organic photocatalysts offer high structural diversity and eliminate the need for metal removal, addressing the aforementioned concerns. Notably, donor−acceptor cyanoarenes, originally developed as thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters, have gained significant attention due to their unique properties as photocatalysts with high efficiency. Consequently, understanding the stability of these catalysts has become essential for further enhancing their performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies focusing on the stability of organic photocatalysts. Key issues such as photodegradation and interactions with active species are discussed, offering insights into the durability of photocatalysts. Furthermore, we aim to present the current status while also identifying important directions for future research.
Construction of Diversified Penta‐Spiro‐Heterocyclic and Fused‐Heterocyclic Frameworks with Potent Antitumor Activity
Authors: Liu Qi , Liu Xuyi , Li Yazhou , Zhou Yu , Zhao Linxiang , Liang Xuewu , Liu Hong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiple‐spiro/fused‐heterocyclic frameworks containing indazolone are structurally unique and represent a class of potentially dominant skeletons. In this work, we successfully fulfilled Rh(III)‐catalyst mediated substrate‐ and pH‐ controlled strategies to construct four novel types of complicated penta‐spiro/fused‐heterocyclic frameworks via C−H activation/[4+1] and [4+2] annulation cascades. This method had mild reaction conditions, a broad scope of substrates, moderate to good yields, and valuable applications, which could realize for the first time the generation of the novel di‐spiro‐heterocyclic and multiple fused‐heterocyclic products with unique structures. More importantly, novel spiro[cyclohexane‐indazolo[1,2‐a]indazole] scaffold constructed by this method exhibited potent antitumor activity against a variety of refractory solid tumors and hematological malignancies in vitro. Overall, our work provided new insights into the construction of complex and diverse multiple spiro/fused‐heterocyclic systems and offered novel valuable lead compounds for the discovery of antitumor drugs.
Naphthalimide‐Dyes Bearing Phosphine and Phosphorylamide Moieties: Synthesis and Optical Properties
Authors: Tosolini Massimo , Alberoni Chiara , Outis Mani , Parola António Jorge , Milani Barbara , Tecilla Paolo , Avó João 
Published: June 2023

Abstract1,8‐Naphthalimides (NIs) represent a class of organic dyes with interesting optical properties that has been extensively explored in the last decades in lighting devices, chemosensors, optical probes or medicinal chemistry. However, despite their remarkable potential, reports on organometallic dyes bearing NIs are scarce and virtually inexistent regarding palladium(II) complexes. Herein, we report the synthesis of NIs bearing phosphine and amine chelating moieties and the characterization of their optical properties both as single molecules and when complexed on Pd(II) ions. It is shown that the introduction of phosphine moieties in the naphthalimide core results in a marked increase in non‐radiative processes, leading to a significant reduction of the emission efficiency and lifetime of these dyes, compared to amine‐bearing counterparts. The complexation to Pd(II) sequesters the electronic contribution of chelating moieties, with complexes assuming an optical behavior similar to that of unsubstituted 1,8‐naphthalimide. The complexation significantly increases the acidity of chelating secondary amines, giving rise to an unexpected intramolecular reaction that results in the formation of a novel 1,8‐naphthalimide dye bearing a cyclic phosphorylamide moiety. The new dye exhibits good emission quantum yield, long fluorescence lifetime and sensitivity to basic media, evidencing potential for application in optical imaging and sensing scenarios.
A Study of the Activity of Adamantyl Amines against Mutant Influenza A M2 Channels Identified a Polycyclic Cage Amine Triple Blocker, Explored by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Solid‐State NMR**
Authors: Stampolaki Μarianna , Hoffmann Anja , Tekwani Kumar , Georgiou Kyriakos , Tzitzoglaki Christina , Ma Chunlong , Becker Stefan , Schmerer Patrick , Döring Kristin , Stylianakis Ioannis , Turcu Andreea L. , Wang Jun , Vázquez Santiago , Andreas Loren B. , Schmidtke Michaela , Kolocouris Antonios 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe compared the anti‐influenza potencies of 57 adamantyl amines and analogs against influenza A virus with serine‐31 M2 proton channel, usually termed as WT M2 channel, which is amantadine sensitive. We also tested a subset of these compounds against viruses with the amantadine‐resistant L26F, V27A, A30T, G34E M2 mutant channels. Four compounds inhibited WT M2 virus in vitro with mid‐nanomolar potency, with 27 compounds showing sub‐micromolar to low micromolar potency. Several compounds inhibited L26F M2 virus in vitro with sub‐micromolar to low micromolar potency, but only three compounds blocked L26F M2‐mediated proton current as determined by electrophysiology (EP). One compound was found to be a triple blocker of WT, L26F, V27A M2 channels by EP assays, but did not inhibit V27A M2 virus in vitro, and one compound inhibited WT, L26F, V27A M2 in vitro without blocking V27A M2 channel. One compound blocked only L26F M2 channel by EP, but did not inhibit virus replication. The triple blocker compound is as long as rimantadine, but could bind and block V27A M2 channel due to its larger girth as revealed by molecular dynamics simulations, while MAS NMR informed on the interaction of the compound with M2(18–60) WT or L26F or V27A.