bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of a pancreatic cancer prediction model for oxidative stress-related lncRNA
Authors: Huang Hao , Wei Yaqing , Yao Hao , Chen Ming , Sun Jinjin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play a role in oxidative stress by altering the tumor microenvironment, thereby affecting pancreatic cancer progression. There is currently limited information on oxidative stress-related lncRNAs as novel prognostic markers of pancreatic cancer. Gene expression and clinical data of patients with pancreatic cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-PAAD) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC-PACA) database. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed to identify genes that were differentially expressed between normal and tumor samples. Based on the TCGA-PAAD cohort, a prediction model was established using lasso regression and Cox regression. The TCGA-PAAD and ICGC-PACA cohorts were used for internal and external validation, respectively. Furthermore, a nomogram based on clinical characteristics was used to predict mortality of patients. Differences in mutational status and tumor-infiltrating immune cells between risk subgroups were also explored and model-based lncRNAs were analyzed for potential immune-related therapeutic drugs. A prediction model for 6-lncRNA was established using lasso regression and Cox regression. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated that patients with lower risk scores had a better prognosis. Combined with Cox regression analysis of clinical features, risk score was an independent factor predicting overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer in both the TCGA-PAAD and ICGC-PACA cohorts. Mutation status and immune-related analysis indicated that the high-risk group had a significantly higher gene mutation rate and a higher possibility of immune escape, respectively. Furthermore, the model genes showed a strong correlation with immune-related therapeutic drugs. A pancreatic cancer prediction model based on oxidative stress-related lncRNA was established, which may be used as a biomarker related to the prognosis of pancreatic cancer to evaluate the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.
Is Social Gender Transition Associated with Mental Health Status in Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria?
Authors: Morandini James S. , Kelly Aidan , de Graaf Nastasja M. , Malouf Pia , Guerin Evan , Dar-Nimrod Ilan , Carmichael Polly 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSocial gender transition is an increasingly accepted intervention for gender variant children and adolescents. To date, there is scant literature comparing the mental health of children and adolescents diagnosed with gender dysphoria who have socially transitioned versus those who are still living in their birth-assigned gender. We examined the mental health of children and adolescents referred to the Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS), a specialist clinic in London, UK, who had socially transitioned (i.e., were living in their affirmed gender and/or had changed their name) versus those who had not socially transitioned. Referrals to the GIDS were aged 4–17 years. We assessed mental health correlates of living in one’s affirmed gender among 288 children and adolescents (208 birth-assigned female; 210 socially transitioned) and of name change in 357 children and adolescents (253 birth-assigned female; 214 name change). The presence or absence of mood and anxiety difficulties and past suicide attempts were clinician rated. Living in role and name change were more prevalent in birth-assigned females versus birth-assigned males. Overall, there were no significant effects of social transition or name change on mental health status. These findings identify the need for more research to understand how social transition influences mental health, including longitudinal studies that allow for more confident inferences to be made regarding the relationship between social transition and mental health in young people with gender dysphoria.
A Rawlsian Rule for Corporate Governance
Authors: Rönnegard David , Smith N. Craig 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBusiness ethics can be regarded as a field dealing with corporate self-regulation as it relates to the treatment of stakeholders. However, a concern for corporate stakeholders need not take a corporate-centric perspective, as shown by recent efforts (especially Singer in Bus Ethics Q 25(1):65–92, 2015) to situate corporate conduct within Rawls’ political theory. Although Rawls was largely mute on the subject himself, his theory has implications for business ethics and corporate governance more specifically. Given an understanding of a “Rawlsian society” as a whole—where corporations as associations are a part—this paper addresses how a Rawlsian perspective would safeguard against corporate harms in society. We argue that a Rawlsian society would primarily regulate corporate conduct through exogenous constraints in the form of legislation. To the extent that business ethics is concerned with endogenous constraints in the form of corporate-centric self-regulation regarding stakeholders, to adopt a Rawlsian perspective is to assume instead a society-centric perspective and to impose exogenous constraints on corporate conduct in the form of legislation for the benefit of citizens. In the context of Rawls’ political liberalism, normative concerns in business are accounted for through legislation and the system of background justice. In a clear departure from Singer (Bus Ethics Q 25(1):65–92, 2015, Bus Ethics J Rev 6(3):11–17, 2018a), we further develop our argument to propose that Rawls' theory can be interpreted as providing a rule for corporate governance. The rule—which is imposed exogenously for the good of society—states: After choosing the corporate constraint mechanism (exogenous vs. endogenous) that best promotes the Liberty Principle, choose the corporate control regime (shareholder vs. stakeholder) that maximizes economic efficiency.
Improved degradability and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose grafted with PEG derivatives
Authors: Rusen Edina , Isopencu Gabriela , Toader Gabriela , Diacon Aurel , Dinescu Adrian , Mocanu Alexandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNew functional materials based on bacterial cellulose (BC) grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) PEG derivatives for food packaging applications and a facile method for assessing the degradation rates of the final materials are presented. Two types of materials were obtained by grafting the BC films (BCF), respectively lyophilized BC pellicles (BCL) with three PEG derivatives of different molecular weights through radical polymerization. The BC based polymer materials were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, contact angle measurements, and TGA. Tensile tests and DMA analysis were used to compare the two types of materials in terms of shear-modulus, tensile strength and performance giving suitable information for food packaging applications. A new degradation evaluation method, that we propose herein, offers quantitative information about the degradation process in contrast with the SEM analysis, primarily used in literature, which is not decisive in all cases because it characterizes only small parts of the sample. The degradation rates evidenced that the PEG derivatives of higher molecular weight grafted on the surface of BCF led to an acceleration of the degradation process compared with the pristine samples. A good correlation was obtained between the samples analyzed by SEM after the degradation process and their degradation rates were mathematically determined.
Understanding perceived climate risks to household water supply and their implications for adaptation: evidence from California
Authors: Dobbin Kristin B. , Fencl Amanda L. , Pierce Gregory , Beresford Melissa , Gonzalez Silvia , Jepson Wendy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract Rapid adaptation is necessary to maintain, let alone expand, access to reliable, safe drinking water in the face of climate change. Existing research focuses largely on the role, priorities, and incentives of local managers to pursue adaptation strategies while mostly neglecting the role of the broader public, despite the strong public support required to fund and implement many climate adaptation plans. In this paper, we interrogate the relationship between personal experiences of household water supply impacts from extreme weather events and hazard exposure with individual concern about future supply reliability among a statewide representative sample of California households. We find that more than one-third of Californians report experiencing impacts of climate change on their household water supplies and show that these reported impacts differently influence residents’ concern about future water supply reliability, depending on the type of event experienced. In contrast, residents’ concern about future water supplies is not significantly associated with hazard exposure. These findings emphasize the importance of local managers’ attending to not only how climate change is projected to affect their water resources, but how, and whether, residents perceive these risks. The critical role of personal experience in increasing concern highlights that post-extreme events with water supply impacts may offer a critical window to advance solutions. Managers should not assume, however, that all extreme events will promote concern in the same way or to the same degree.
Managerial Beliefs and Banking Behavior
Authors: Silipo Damiano B. , Verga Giovanni , Hlebik Sviatlana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We use a large sample of US banks to construct a new indicator of managerial beliefs based on bank provisioning. This indicator does not only anticipate a future charge-off but also explains future loan growth and other variables. In particular, the indicator shows that an increase in managerial optimism (pessimism) leads to expanded (tight) lending, leverage, and a riskier (less risky) portfolio. Our findings confirm that widespread managerial optimism (pessimism) prevailed before (during) the 2007-2008 financial crisis and that changes in managerial beliefs played an important role in the lending and leverage cycles.
Modelling crack propagation during relaxation of viscoelastic material
Authors: Sharma Prateek , Diebels Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA viscoelastic material which is stretched and is then held at constant elongation, normally results in decreasing stresses till the equilibrium has been reached. With the decreasing stresses a crack propagation is not expected as the energy of the system is decreasing. However, an initial damage could lead to an increase in the mechanical load on the undamaged chains during relaxation, leading to material degradation and crack propagation. While experimental investigations have been presented in the literature, modelling such an effect has not been thoroughly investigated. In this work, an initial framework for modelling the damage evolution during relaxation is presented. A mechanical model is coupled with a phase field to model the crack propagation. For simplicity, a linear viscoelastic model is implemented for the mechanical part. A mobility constant is employed to model the evolution of the phase field with the changing mechanical energy during relaxation. The evolution of phase field can be interpreted as the evolution with which the polymer chains get damaged. Different load conditions and geometries are simulated, which shows that the proposed framework is able to model the damage evolution during viscoelastic relaxation. Thus, with the help of the numerical model a physical explanation for the failure during relaxation is presented.
Graphical abstract
Stabilizing Discontinuous Galerkin Methods Using Dafermos’ Entropy Rate Criterion: I—One-Dimensional Conservation Laws
Authors: Klein Simon-Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel approach for the stabilization of the discontinuous Galerkin method based on the Dafermos entropy rate crition is presented. The approach is centered around the efficient solution of linear or nonlinear optimization problems in every timestep as a correction to the basic discontinuous Galerkin scheme. The thereby enforced Dafermos criterion results in improved stability compared to the basic method while retaining a high order of accuracy in numerical experiments for scalar conservation laws. Further modification of the optimization problem allows also to enforce classical entropy inequalities for the scheme. The proposed stabilization is therefore an alternative to flux-differencing to enforce entropy inequalities. As the shock-capturing abilities of the scheme are also enhanced is the method also an alternative to finite-volume subcells, artificial viscosity, modal filtering, and other shock capturing procedures in one space dimension. Tests are carried out for Burgers’ equation.
Proximal Stabilized Interior Point Methods and Low-Frequency-Update Preconditioning Techniques
Authors: Cipolla Stefano , Gondzio Jacek 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, in the context of Linear and convex Quadratic Programming, we consider Primal Dual Regularized Interior Point Methods (PDR-IPMs) in the framework of the Proximal Point Method. The resulting Proximal Stabilized IPM (PS-IPM) is strongly supported by theoretical results concerning convergence and the rate of convergence, and can handle degenerate problems. Moreover, in the second part of this work, we analyse the interactions between the regularization parameters and the computational footprint of the linear algebra routines used to solve the Newton linear systems. In particular, when these systems are solved using an iterative Krylov method, we are able to show—using a new rearrangement of the Schur complement which exploits regularization—that general purposes preconditioners remain attractive for a series of subsequent IPM iterations. Indeed, if on the one hand a series of theoretical results underpin the fact that the approach here presented allows a better re-use of such computed preconditioners, on the other, we show experimentally that such (re)computations are needed only in a fraction of the total IPM iterations. The resulting regularized second order methods, for which low-frequency-update of the preconditioners are allowed, pave the path for an alternative class of second order methods characterized by reduced computational effort.
Habitat loss for black flying foxes and implications for Hendra virus
Authors: Baranowski Kelsee , Bharti Nita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractContextEnvironmental change impacts natural ecosystems and wildlife populations. In Australia, native forests have been heavily cleared and the local emergence of Hendra virus (HeV) has been linked to land-use change, winter habitat loss, and changing bat behavior.ObjectivesWe quantified changes in landscape factors for black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto), a reservoir host of HeV, in sub-tropical Queensland, Australia from 2000–2020. We hypothesized that native winter habitat loss and native remnant forest loss were greatest in areas with the most human population growth.MethodsWe measured the spatiotemporal change in human population size and native ‘remnant’ woody vegetation extent. We assessed changes in the observedP. alectopopulation and native winter habitats in bioregions whereP. alectoare observed roosting in winter. We assessed changes in the amount of remnant vegetation across bioregions and within 50 km foraging buffers around roosts.ResultsHuman populations in these bioregions grew by 1.18 M people, mostly within 50 km foraging areas around roosts. Remnant forest extent decreased overall, but regrowth was observed when policy restricted vegetation clearing. Winter habitats were continuously lost across all spatial scales. Observed roost counts ofP. alectodeclined.ConclusionNative remnant forest loss and winter habitat loss were not directly linked to spatial human population growth. Rather, most remnant vegetation was cleared for indirect human use. We observed forest loss and regrowth in response to state land clearing policies. Expanded flying fox population surveys will help better understand how land-use change has impactedP. alectodistribution and Hendra virus spillover.
Emergent agent causation
Authors: Morales Juan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper I argue that many scholars involved in the contemporary free will debates have underappreciated the philosophical appeal of agent causation because the resources of contemporary emergentism have not been adequately introduced into the discussion. Whereas I agree that agent causation’s main problem has to do with its intelligibility, particularly with respect to the issue of how substances can be causally relevant, I argue that the notion of substance causation can be clearly articulated from an emergentist framework. According to my proposal, a free agent isa causally powerful substance that emerges in an anomic way from her constitutive mental events, downwardly constraining, selecting and, in this way, having control on them. As we shall see, this particular concept of agent causation not only makes sense of the deep insight behind agent libertarianism, but it also provides us with the resources to solve some of the main objections that have been raised against it. It is true that here I cannot develop a complete defense of the evidential credentials of emergentism. Still, even if the considerations that follow do not serve to convince detractors of agent causal libertarian accounts of free will, they do suggest that libertarian agent causation is more promising than is typically acknowledged.
Balanced crystalloid solutions versus normal saline in intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Puze , Huang Yin , Li Jin , Cao Dehong , Chen Bo , Chen Zeyu , Li Jinze , Wang Ruyi , Liu Liangren 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Intravenous fluid therapy is important for pediatric and adult patients in intensive care units (ICUs). However, medical professionals continue to struggle to determine the most appropriate fluids to obtain the best possible outcomes for each patient.

Objective
We conducted a meta-analysis involving cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the influence of balanced crystalloid solutions and normal saline among patients in ICUs.

Patients and methods
Studies that compared balanced crystalloid solutions and saline in ICU patients from databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to July 25, 2022. The primary outcomes were mortality and renal-related outcomes, which included major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30), acute kidney injury (AKI), new receipt of renal replacement therapy (RRT), maximum creatinine increasing, maximum creatinine level, and final creatinine level ≥ 200% of baseline. Service utilization including length of hospital stay, ICU stay, ICU-free days and ventilator-free days were also reported.

Results
A total of 13 studies (10 RCTs and 3 cohort studies) involving 38,798 patients in ICUs met the selection criteria. Our analysis revealed that each subgroup had no significant difference in mortality outcomes among ICU patients between balanced crystalloid solutions and normal saline. A significant difference was detected between the adult groups (odds ratio [OR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], [0.86, 1.00]; p = 0.04) indicating that the AKI in the balanced crystalloid solutions group was lower than that in the normal saline group. Other renal-related outcomes, such as MAKE30, RRT, maximum creatinine increasing, maximum creatinine level, and final creatinine level ≥ 200% of baseline showed no significant difference between the two groups. Regarding secondary outcomes, the balanced crystalloid solution group had a longer ICU stay time (WMD, 0.02; 95% CI, [0.01, 0.03]; p = 0.0004 and I2 = 0%; p = 0.96) than the normal saline group among adult patients. Furthermore, children treated with balanced crystalloid solution had a shorter hospital stay time (WMD, − 1.10; 95% CI, [− 2.10, − 0.10]; p = 0.03 and I2 = 17%; p = 0.30) than those treated with saline.

Conclusions
Compared with saline, balanced crystalloid solutions could not reduce the risk of mortality and renal-related outcomes, including MAKE30, RRT, maximum creatinine increasing, maximum creatinine level, and final creatinine level ≥ 200% of baseline, but the solutions may reduce total AKI incidence among adult patients in ICUs. For service utilization outcomes, balanced crystalloid solutions were associated with a longer length of ICU stay in the adult group and shorter length of hospital stay in the pediatric group.
A Novel Corner Etched Rectangular Shaped Ultrawideband Antenna Loaded with Truncated Ground Plane for Microwave Imaging
Authors: Kumar Om Prakash , Ali Tanweer , Kumar Pramod 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrowave imaging has become a popular research issue in recent decades as a result of its several benefits over traditional imaging technologies. To analyze biological tissues in depth, a microwave imaging instrument is employed. The test determines the presence and location of morphological alterations in specific biological tissues. Ultrawideband (UWB) microwave imaging is a new technique that produces improved results while avoiding the use of ionizing radiation. Antennas play a critical part in these systems, and as a result, antenna optimization has become a hot topic due to the device's proximity to the human body. Recent research has revealed a number of initiatives to improve the electromagnetic sensors employed in these systems, whether as single or array components. In this article, the development of a compact ultrawideband (UWB) antenna functioning in the frequency range of 3.25–14.63 GHz is proposed. The reported antenna comprises of a rectangular patch and a modified ground plane "etched on an FR4" substrate excited by a 50 Ω feed line. The overall dimension of the antenna is $$0.44 {\lambda }_{0}\times 0.38 {\lambda }_{0}\times 0.02{\lambda }_{0}$$

0.44

λ
0

×
0.38

λ
0

×
0.02

λ
0

. The proposed antenna has been fabricated on FR-4 substrate. Measured and simulated results are in good agreement. The proposed antenna is compact and displays good radiation characteristics along with good gain.
New Zealand’s Approaches to Regulating the Commodification of the Female Body
Authors: Otterman Lauren S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn 2003 and 2004, Aotearoa New Zealand enacted two key laws that regulate two very different ways in which the female body may be commodified. The Prostitution Reform Act 2003 (PRA) decriminalized prostitution, removing legal barriers to the buying and selling of commercial sexual services. The Human Assisted Reproductive Technology Act 2004 (HART Act), on the other hand, put a prohibition on commercial surrogacy agreements. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of the ethical arguments underlying New Zealand’s legislative solutions to prostitution and commercial surrogacy. While the regulation of prostitution is approached with a Marxist feminist lens with the aim to ensure the health and safety of sex workers, commercial surrogacy is prohibited outright for concerns of negative impacts on present and future persons. I ground the principles of each Act in their ethical foundations and compare these two against one another. I conclude that New Zealand’s legislative approach to regulating the commodification of the female body is ethically inconsistent.