bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The phylogenetic relationship based on the ITS, matK and rbcL DNA regions and comparision of chemical contents of twelve Paeonia taxa in Turkey
Authors: Cetiz Mehmet Veysi , Turumtay Emine Akyuz , Burnaz Nesibe Arslan , Özhatay Fatma Neriman , Kaya Erdal , Memon Abdulrezzak , Turumtay Halbay 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Backgroud: Turkey is considered an important gene pool for the distribution of herbaceous Paeonia species. Twelve taxons were recorded in Turkey and all definitions are morphologically and/or anatomically performed. No studies have been conducted based on DNA barcode sequences. In this study, The matK and rbcL genes and ITS region were sequenced to determine phylogenetic relationships of 12 Turkish Paeonia taxa and chemical comparison was performed with root samples.
Methods and results: The taxons were collected between May and June 2021 from nine different cities. Leaf materials were used for DNA isolation and ITS, matK and rbcL regions were amplified and sequenced. There was no difference among taxa in terms of rbcL sequences. But the ITS and matK regions distinguished 12 taxa. The genotypes were structured in two groups by ITS and matK data. ITS region distinguished P. peregrina, P. arietina, and P. tenuifolia from other taxa, while matK region distinguished P. arietina and P. witmanniana from other taxa. Both barcode sequences actually showed that the registration of P. mascula subsp. arasicola was faulty and it is 100% similar to P. arietina. Twelve taxa were each found to have characteristic polymorphisms in both the ITS and matK regions that could be used to distinguish the species from each other. The most polymorphism was determined in the ITS region (n=54), while the matK region showed less variability (n=9). We also detected the barcode sequences could successfully discriminate the hybrid polyploid Paoenia species from diploid P. tenuifolia. Except for P. tenuifolia, the other Paeonia species were seen to be hybrid. The methanolic root extracts were examined for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities (by FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH). The results revealed significant variation in extracts, polyphenolic content, and antioxidant properties. In 100 g root, TPC ranged from 204.23 to 2343.89 mg, TFC ranged from 7.73 to 66.16 mg, and FRAP ranged from 523.81 to 4338.62 mg. SC50 values of ABTS ranged from 115.08 to 1115.52 μg/ml and DPPH ranged from 73.83 to 963.59 μg/ml.
Conclusion: For the first time, genetic diversity and chemical comparison were performed among Paeonia species along Turkey. It was concluded that 11 of 12 taxa had differences in terms of ITS and matK sequences. It has been shown that barcode sequences must be used for the correct identification of Turkish Paeonia.
Higher Th40 cells (CD4+CD40+ T cells) associate with systemic lupus erythematosus activity
Authors: Zhu Lihua , Song Guangmei , Chen Xiaohui , Zhang Yue , Cui Yanjie , Qiao Jie , Huang Xinran , Li Xueqin , Liu Xiaoen , Zeng Xiangbo , Li Yangqiu , Wang Liang , Li Bo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of Th40 cells (CD4 + CD40 + T cells) in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Flow cytometry was used to identify the percentage of Th40 cells in peripheral blood from 24 SLE patients and 24 healthy individuals and the level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-r, and TNF-α in serum (22 cases) from the SLE patients. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2000) was used to assess the SLE disease active state. T-test and two independent-samples Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis. The percentage of Th40 cells in T cells from SLE patients (19.37 ± 17.43) (%) was significantly higher than that from healthy individuals (4.52 ± 3.16) (%) (P = 0.000). The percentage of Th40 cells was also positively associated with SLEDAI-2000 (P = 0.001) and negatively associated with complement C3 (P = 0.007). The Th40 cell percentage was different in SLE patients with different organs involved. The Th40 cell percentage in SLE patients with lupus serositis (29.29 ± 22.19) was significantly higher than that in patients without serositis (13.41 ± 10.79; P = 0.040), and the percentage in SLE patients with lupus pneumonia involvement (29.11 ± 11.88) was significantly higher than that in patients without lupus pneumonia (16.80 ± 17.99; P = 0.043). After 4 weeks treatment, the Th40 cell percentage decreased significantly (P = 0.005). However, Th40 cell expression was not related to cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-r, and TNF-α; P>0.05). A significantly higher percentage of Th40 cells was found in SLE patients, and the Th40 cell percentage was associated with SLE activity. Thus, Th40 cells may be used as a predictor for SLE disease activity and severity and therapeutic efficacy.
Parent-led communication therapy for bilingual families of autistic children: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Oudet Sarah , Howard Katie , Katsos Napoleon , Durrleman Stephanie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite a plethora of evidence demonstrating the importance of maintaining bilingualism for children on the autism spectrum, there remain many barriers to accessing learning and communication support for children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CaLD) families. In an increasingly globalised world, in which many countries have established more than one national language, bilingualism is the norm for more than half the world’s population. Parent-led therapy (PLT) is critical for autistic children, more so for those from CaLD families, for whom access to dual/multi-language and communication support is more difficult. The aim of this scoping review protocol is to structure the mapping of published literature on PLT for young autistic children in the bilingual context. The concept of this study is to identify the availability of early support programs that can be delivered by parents and/or key caregivers to their young autistic children. The context of this study is to identify PLT programs that have been examined in the bilingual environment. This review will allow researchers to explore the extent, range, and nature of evidence available in this area, which can be used to guide discussions about supporting communication development of CaLD autistic children. This study protocol has been preregistered with the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/HY9R2).
Dielectric Properties of Low Moisture Foods Measured by Open-ended Coaxial Probe and Cavity Perturbation Technique
Authors: Frabetti Ana Caroline Cichella , Thillier Alexandre , Curto Hugo , Boillereaux Lionel , Rouaud Olivier , Garnault Tristan , Curet Sébastien 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The measurement of dielectric properties of foods is essential in the design and control of microwave drying systems as they describe the capability of a material to absorb, transmit and reflect electromagnetic energy. The relative complex permittivity, ɛr*, explains the interactions that may take place between a product and microwave. ɛr* is influenced by its composition (including the moisture content) and temperature. The real component of this complex permittivity is related to energy storage and is called dielectric constant, \({\text{ε}}_{\text{r}}^{{\prime }}\). The imaginary component, the loss factor or \({\text{ε}}_{\text{r}}^{\text{''}}\), is associated to energy dissipation. The dielectric properties of selected low-moisture products (corn starch, curry, paprika, dried chives, rice grain and wheat grain) were evaluated by open-ended coaxial probe (OECP) and cavity perturbation techniques. Semi-skimmed milk powder was heated at 50 and 60°C, and the change in dielectric properties with increasing temperature was measured. The increase in moisture content (from 7.19 to 13.08%, wet basis, w.b.) and its influence on the relative complex permittivity was verified for semi-skimmed milk powder. The results showed that the dielectric constant tends to increase with the increase in temperature and moisture content, and with the decrease in frequency from 2450 to 915 MHz. Values ranged from 1 for corn starch (OECP at 2450 MHz) to 4.36 for rice grain (cavity perturbation at 915 MHz). The loss factor ranged from 0.02 for curry to 0.48 for rice grain, both at 2450 MHz. Open-ended coaxial probe requires close contact between the sample and the probe; therefore, this system was not fit for measuring the dielectric properties of the tested powders (air gaps between the probe and the samples). The cavity perturbation technique has been proven to be reliable for many foods, especially at low moisture contents, but requires a specific microwave applicator to be designed for each evaluated frequency.
Peroxisome loss leads to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and reduced autophagy to preserve mitochondrial function
Authors: Chi Lijun , Lee Dorothy , Leung Sharon , Hu Guanlan , Wen Bijun , Delgado-Olguin Paul , Vissa Miluska , Li Ren , Brumell John , Kim Peter , Bandsma Robert H J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Peroxisomes are essential for mitochondrial health. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between these two organelles in hepatic metabolism remains unclear. To address this, we developed a conditional hepatocyte specific Pex16 deficient mouse (Pex16 KO) and subjected these animals to a low protein diet to induce metabolic stress. Loss of PEX16 in hepatocytes led to increased biogenesis of small mitochondria and a reduction in autophagy flux but with preserved capacity for respiration and ATP production. Metabolic stress induced by low protein feeding did lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in Pex16 KO mice and impaired the ability to upregulate its biogenesis. Activation of PPARα partially corrected the mitochondrial disturbances caused by low protein feeding, independent of the presence of peroxisomes. This study shows that peroxisome loss in hepatocytes affects mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy, thereby preserving mitochondrial function and underscore the relation between peroxisomes and mitochondria in regulating the hepatic metabolic responses to nutritional stressors.
Intrusion Detection in Internet of Things Based Smart Farming Using Hybrid Deep Learning Framework
Authors: Kethineni Keerthi , Pradeepini G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Smart agriculture is a popular domain due to its intensified growth in recent times. This domain aggregates the advantages of several computing technologies, where the IoT is the most popular and beneficial. In this work, a novel and effective deep learning based framework is developed to detect intrusions in smart farming systems. The architecture is three-tier, with the first tier being the sensor layer, which involves the placement of sensors in agricultural areas. The second tier is the Fog Computing Layer (FCL), which consists of Fog nodes, and the proposed IDS is implemented in each Fog node. The gathered information is transferred to this fog layer for further analysis of data. The third tier is the cloud computing layer, which provides data storage and end-to-end services. The proposed model includes a fused CNN model with the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU) model to detect and classify intruders. An attention mechanism is included within the BiGRU model to find the key features responsible for identifying the DDoS attack. In addition, the accuracy of the classification model is improved by using a nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimization algorithm called the Wild Horse Optimization (WHO) algorithm. The last layer is the cloud layer, which collects data from fog nodes and offers storage services. The proposed system will be implemented in the Python platform, using ToN-IoT and APA-DDoS attack datasets for assessment. The proposed system outperforms the existing methods in accuracy (99.35%), detection rate (98.99%), precision (99.9%) and F-Score (99.08%) for the APA DDoS attack dataset and the achieved accuracy of the ToN-IoT dataset (99.71%), detection rate (99.02%), precision (99.89%) and F-score (99.05%).
Novel rare earth separation using magnetic susceptibility difference
Authors: Chen Liu , Wu Yongxian , Chen Hao , He Chunlin , Dodbiba Gjergj , Nhung Nguyen Thi Hong , Wang Xinpeng , Wei Yuezhou , Fujita Toyohisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Rare earths are essential for manufacturing permanent magnets, widely used in various renewable energy applications, light-emitting diodes, and catalysts for reducing CO2 emissions. Rare earth minerals are distributed worldwide, but mining sites are limited. Recovering rare earth metals from minerals and recycling wastes causes environmental burdens and energy consumption. However, there is no other separation method except for solvent extraction. Here, we developed the simple rare earth separation method using magnetic susceptibility difference by controlling liquid magnetization with ferrofluid and paramagnetic liquid, after preparation of liberated rare earth particles mixture. Conventional magnetic separation could capture all paramagnetic particles as magnetic materials. We investigated particle capture to prevent magnetic levitation and different direction capture. To compare solvent extraction, the rare earth mixture groups in the separation factor of magnetic separation larger than the solvent extraction were Ce-La, Pr-Ce, Eu-Sm, Gd-Eu, Dy-Tb, Tm-Er, and Lu-Yb mixtures. This novel separation method would increase the unused, rare earth resources.
Complete fatty degeneration of thymus associates with male sex, obesity and immunological aging in a Swedish middle-aged population
Authors: Sandstedt Mårten , Chung Rosanna , Skoglund Camilla , Lundberg Anna K , Östgren Carl Johan , Ernerudh Jan , Jonasson Lena 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Fatty degeneration of thymus (or thymus involution) has long been considered a normal ageing process and the role of thymus in adults has drawn little attention. However, there is emerging evidence that thymic involution is linked to T cell aging, chronic inflammation and increased morbidity. Other factors than chronological age have been proposed to affect the involution rate. However, thymus involution and its determinants have been little studied at a general population level. In the present study, we investigated the imaging characteristics of thymus on computed tomography (CT) in a Swedish middle-aged population. The major aims were to establish the prevalence of fatty degeneration of thymus and to determine its associations with demographic, lifestyle and clinical factors, as well as inflammation, T cell differentiation and thymic output.
Results
In total, 1 048 randomly invited individuals (aged 50-64 years, 49 % females) were included and thoroughly characterized. CT evaluation of thymus included measurements of attenuation, size and a 4-point scoring system, with scale 0-3 based on the ratio of fat and soft tissue. A majority, 615 (59 %) showed complete fatty degeneration, 259 (25 %) predominantly fatty attenuation, 105 (10%) half fatty and half soft-tissue attenuation, while 69 (6.6 %) presented with a solid thymic gland with predominantly soft-tissue attenuation. Age, male sex, high BMI, abdominal obesity and low dietary intake of fiber were independently associated with complete fatty degeneration of thymus. Also, fatty degeneration of thymus as well as low CT attenuation values were independently related to lower proportion of naïve CD8+ T cells, which in turn was related to lower thymic output, assessed by T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) levels.
Conclusion
Among Swedish middle-aged subjects, nearly two-thirds showed complete fatty degeneration of thymus on CT. This was linked to depletion of naïve CD8+ T cells indicating that thymus CT scans might be used to estimate immunological aging. Furthermore, our findings support the intriguing concept that obesity as well as low fiber intake contribute to immunological aging, thereby raising the possibility of preventive strategies.
Betacellulin regulates gap junction intercellular communication by inducing the phosphorylation of connexin 43 in human granulosa-lutein cells
Authors: Li Yuxi , Chang Hsun-Ming , Sung Yu-Wen , Zhu Hua , Leung Peter C. K. , Sun Ying-Pu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The gap junction protein, connexin 43 (Cx43) is highly expressed in human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells. The phosphorylation of certain amino acid residues in the Cx43 protein has been shown to be related to a decline in gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), which subsequently affects oocyte meiotic resumption. As a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, betacellulin (BTC) mediates luteinizing hormone (LH)-induced oocyte maturation and cumulus cell expansion in mammalian follicles. Whether BTC can regulate Cx43 phosphorylation, which further reduces Cx43-coupled GJIC activity in hGL cells remains to be determined.
Methods
Immortalized human granulosa cells (SVOG cells) and primary human granulosa-lutein cells obtained from women undergoing in vitro fertilization in an academic research center were used as the study models. The expression levels of Cx43 and phosphorylated Cx43 were examined following cell incubation with BTC at different time points. Several kinase inhibitors (sotrastaurin, AG1478, and U0126) and small interfering RNAs targeting EGF receptor (EGFR) and receptor tyrosine-protein kinase 4 (ErbB4) were used to verify the specificity of the effects and to investigate the molecular mechanisms. Real-time-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect the specific mRNA and protein levels, respectively. GJIC between SVOG cells were evaluated using a scrape loading and dye transfer assay. Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance.
Results
The results showed that BTC induced the rapid phosphorylation of Cx43 at serine368 without altering the expression of Cx43 in primary and immortalized hGL cells. Additionally, using a dual inhibition approach (kinase inhibitors and siRNA-based expression knockdown), we demonstrated that this effect was mainly mediated by the EGFR but not the ErbB4 receptor. Furthermore, using a protein kinase C (PKC) kinase assay and a scrape-loading and dye transfer assay, we revealed that PKC signaling is the downstream signaling pathway that mediates the increase in Cx43 phosphorylation and subsequent decrease in GJIC activity in response to BTC treatment in hGL cells.
Conclusions
BTC promptly induced the phosphorylation of connexin 43 at Ser368, leading to decreased GJIC activity in hGL cells. The BTC-induced cellular activities were most likely driven by the EGFR-mediated PKC-dependent signaling pathway. Our findings shed light on the detailed molecular mechanisms by which BTC regulates the process of oocyte meiotic resumption.
Cell density-dependent membrane distribution of ganglioside GM3 in melanoma cells
Authors: Murate Motohide , Yokoyama Noriko , Tomishige Nario , Richert Ludovic , Humbert Nicolas , Pollet Brigitte , Makino Asami , Kono Nozomu , Mauri Laura , Aoki Junken , Sako Yasushi , Sonnino Sandro , Kaneko Mika K , Kato Yukinari , Inamori Kei-ichiro , Inokuchi Jin-ichi , Mely Yves , Iwabuchi Kazuhisa , Kobayashi Toshihide 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Monosialoganglioside GM3 is the simplest ganglioside involved in various cellular signaling. Cell surface distribution of GM3 is thought to be crucial for the function of GM3, but little is known about the cell surface GM3 distribution. It was shown that anti-GM3 monoclonal antibody binds GM3 in sparse but not in confluent melanoma cells. Our model membrane study evidenced that monoclonal anti-GM3 antibodies showed stronger binding when GM3 was in solid membrane environment. Studies using fluorescent GM3 analogs suggested that GM3 was clustered in solid membrane. Moreover, fluorescent lifetime measurement showed that cell surface of high density melanoma cells is more fluid than that of low density cells. Lipidomics and fatty acid supplementation experiment suggested that monounsaturated fatty acid-containing phosphatidylcholine contributed to the cell density-dependent membrane fluidity. Our results indicate that anti-GM3 antibody senses GM3 clustering and the number and/or size of GM3 cluster differ between sparse and confluent melanoma cells.
Safety and Functional Outcome Analysis of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Placement for Hydrocephalus Within the Critical Phase of Possible Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Jost Julien Natsumi , Grüter Basil , Tortora Angelo , Marbacher Serge , Musahl Christian , Schubert Gerrit A. , Andereggen Lukas , Wanderer Stefan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (HC) is a common sequela following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, there is still poor evidence regarding the optimal timing of ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement, particularly in the context of early SAH-associated complications such as delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). The purpose was to compare the impact of early (< 21 days after SAH) versus late (≥ 21 days after SAH) VPS placement on the functional clinical outcome.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 92 patients with VPS placement after SAH enrolled in our institutional database between 2011 and 2021. We compared two groups, early VPS placement (< 21 days after SAH) versus late VPS placement (≥ 21 days after SAH).
Results
We identified 62 patients with early and 30 patients with late VPS implantation. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS; p = 0.3), the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Scale, the Glasgow Coma Scale, and Fisher grade were not significantly different between the groups. Postoperatively, the mRS (p = 0.002), the Glasgow Outcome Scale (p = 0.002), and the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (p = 0.0028) showed significantly better functional results in patients with early cerebrospinal fluid diversion. The rate of DCI did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.45). There was no difference in the rate of VPS placement associated complications (p = 0.38) or overall mortality (p = 0.35).
Conclusions
Early shunt implantation, within 21 days after SAH and during the time of possible DCI, might not be harmful in patients developing HC after SAH.