bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing Methods for Targeted Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer Patients: A Nationwide, Retrospective Study
Authors: Munck Frederikke , Jepsen Pernille , Zeuthen Pernille , Carstensen Lena , Hauerslev Katrine , Paaskesen Christian K. , Andersen Inge S. , Høyer Ute , Lanng Charlotte , Gerlach Maria K. , Vejborg Ilse , Kroman Niels T. , Tvedskov Tove H. F. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Several techniques exist for performing targeted axillary dissection (TAD) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the removal of the sentinel node and a marked metastatic lymph node (LN). Two-step methods include coil-marking of the metastatic LN at diagnosis and re-marking with an intraoperatively identifiable marker before surgery. Because nondetection of the marked lymph node (MLN) warrants axillary clearance and many patients achieve axillary pathological complete response (ax-pCR), the success of TAD is crucial. We compare various two-step TAD methods in a Danish national cohort.

Methods
We included patients who received two-step TAD between January 1, 2016 and August 31, 2021. Patients were identified from the Danish Breast Cancer Group database and cross-checked with locally accessible lists. Data were extracted from the patient’s medical files.

Results
We included 543 patients. In 79.4%, preoperative, ultrasound-guided re-marking was possible. Nonidentification of the coil-marked LN was more likely in patients with ax-pCR. The second markers used were hook-wire, iodine seeds, or ink marking on the axillary skin. Of patients with successful secondary marking, the MLN identification rate (IR) was 91%, and the sentinel node (SN) IR was 95%. Marking with iodine seeds was significantly more successful than ink marking with an odds ratio of 5.34 (95% confidence interval 1.62-17.60). The success rate of the complete TAD with the removal of MLN and SN was 82.3%.

Conclusions
With two-step TAD, nonidentification of the coiled LN before surgery is frequent, especially in patients with ax-pCR. Despite successful remarking, the IR of the MLN at surgery is inferior to one-step TAD.
Interobserver variability studies in diagnostic imaging: a methodological systematic review
Authors: Quinn Laura , Tryposkiadis Konstantinos , Deeks Jon , De Vet Henrica C.W. , Mallett Sue , Mokkink Lidwine B. , Takwoingi Yemisi , Taylor-Phillips Sian , Sitch Alice 
Published: July 2023

Objectives: To review the methodology of interobserver variability studies; including current practice and quality of conducting and reporting studies. Methods: Interobserver variability studies between January 2019 and January 2020 were included; extracted data comprised of study characteristics, populations, variability measures, key results, and conclusions. Risk of bias was assessed using the COSMIN tool for assessing reliability and measurement error. Results: Seventy-nine full-text studies were included covering various imaging tests and clinical areas. The median number of patients was 47 (IQR:23–88), and observers were 4 (IQR:2–7), with sample size justified in 12 (15%) studies. Most studies used static images (n = 75, 95%), where all observers interpreted images for all patients (n = 67, 85%). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) (n = 41, 52%), Kappa (κ) statistics (n = 31, 39%) and percentage agreement (n = 15, 19%) were most commonly used. Interpretation of variability estimates often did not correspond with study conclusions. The COSMIN risk of bias tool gave a very good/adequate rating for 52 studies (66%) including any studies that used variability measures listed in the tool. For studies using static images, some study design standards were not applicable and did not contribute to the overall rating. Conclusions: Interobserver variability studies have diverse study designs and methods, the impact of which requires further evaluation. Sample size for patients and observers was often small without justification. Most studies report ICC and κ values, which did not always coincide with the study conclusion. High ratings were assigned to many studies using the COSMIN risk of bias tool, with certain standards scored ‘not applicable’ when static images were used. Advances in knowledge: The sample size for both patients and observers was often small without justification. For most studies, observers interpreted static images and did not evaluate the process of acquiring the imaging test, meaning it was not possible to assess many COSMIN risk of bias standards for studies with this design. Most studies reported intraclass correlation coefficient and κ statistics; study conclusions often did not correspond with results.
Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Impact of Platform Control Capabilities on Performance
Authors: Afèche Philipp , Liu Zhe , Maglaras Costis 
Published: July 2023

Problem definition: Motivated by ride-hailing platforms such as Uber, Lyft and Didi, we study the problem of matching riders with self-interested drivers over a spatial network. We focus on the performance impact of two operational platform controls—demand-side admission control and supply-side repositioning control—considering the interplay with two practically important challenges: (i) spatial demand imbalances prevail for extended periods of time; and (ii) self-interested drivers strategically decide whether to join the network, and, if so, whether to reposition when not serving riders. Methodology/results: We develop and analyze the steady-state behavior of a novel game-theoretic fluid model of a two-location, four-route loss network. First, we fully characterize and compare the steady-state system equilibria under three control regimes, from minimal control to centralized control. Second, we provide insights on how and why platform control impacts equilibrium performance, notably with new findings on the role of admission control: the platform may find it optimal to strategically reject demand at the low-demand location even if drivers are in excess supply, to induce repositioning to the high-demand location. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for this policy. Third, we derive upper bounds on the platform’s and drivers’ benefits caused by increased platform control; these are more significant under moderate capacity and significant cross-location demand imbalance. Managerial implications: Our results contribute important guidelines on the optimal operations of ride-hailing networks. Our model can also inform the design of driver compensation structures that support more centralized network control. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and Supplemental Material are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1221 .
Impacts of combination of onion bulb, holy basil and turmeric rhizome on shelf- life, flesh and microbial quality of smoked Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Olusola Sunday Emmanuel , Martins Toyosi Elizabeth 
Published: July 2023

The increasing use of synthetic antimicrobials has created a situation leading to a pond ecological imbalance and enrichment of multiple multi-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of spices and natural preservatives using a mixture of Onion Bulb (OB), Holy Basil (HB) and Turmeric Rhizome (TR) on shelf–life, flesh and microbial quality of smoked Clarias gariepinus during 56 days storage. Spices were added at the point of processing with five treatments of 8 fresh C. gariepinus (1.2-2kg) were distributed into experimental containers; the control (without Onion Bulb, Holy Basil and Turmeric Rhizome), (TR + OB)2, (TR+ HB)3, (OB +HB)4, (TR + OB + HB)5 and the experiment were carried out in triplicates. Clarias gariepinus were smoked in a smoking kiln at 40ºC- 60ºC and 120-150ºC for 6 and 18 hours respectively. Proximate composition, biochemical parameters, organoleptic assessment, and microbial analysis were carried out using standard methods. The result showed that the crude protein of C. gariepinus was higher in the treated groups compared to the control. Also, the result shows that the biochemical parameters, organoleptic assessment and the microbial loads in smoked C. gariepinus were reduced in the treated groups than in the control at 1 day, 28 days and 56 days storage respectively. The results indicated that using onion bulb, holy basil, and turmeric rhizome in combination may be useful in improving the shelf life, consumer acceptability of smoked C. gariepinus and preventing bacteria pathogens in smoked C. gariepinus.Keywords: Catfish, Onion Bulb, Holy Basil, Microbial Loads, Turmeric Rhizome
Effect of Water Hyacinth Leaf Flour (Eichhornia crassipes) Fermented by Aspergillus niger on the Growth, Survival Rate and Blood Profile of Sangkuriang Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Ariyanto Febri , Nugroho Rudy Agung , Aryani Retno , Manurung Hetty , Rudianto Rudianto 
Published: July 2023

Catfish sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) is one of the aquaculture commodities with great potential to be developed in Indonesia to support the demand for feed. Efforts to reduce dependence on imported feed raw materials for fish feed is continued. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crasspies) leaf which contains phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, steroids and saponins is an alternatif raw material for fish pellet component. This study aimed to determine the addition of fermented water hyacinth leaf meal in fish feed on the growth, survival rate, and blood profile of sangkuriang catfish. In total 150 fish (Average initial weight 5.45 ± 0.02 g) were randomly divided into triplicates of five groups, containing 10 fishes per group. Group one is a control group, P1 (10% of non fermented water hyacinth leaf meal), while P2, P3 and P4 were treatment groups of fish fed with 10 , 15, and 20% fermented water hyacinth leaf meal by Aspergillus niger. At the end of the 42 days of treatment, growth, survival rate, and blood profile of all fish were determined. The results showed that the addition of 10% water hyacinth leaf meal fermented by Aspergillus niger had an effect on the growth of final weight, body weight gain and spesific growth rate (p 0.05) in comparison to all groups. However, the addition of any concentration of water hyacinth leaf meal did not affect on the feed conversion ratio and survival rate value. Further, the addition of water hyacinth leaf meal had a significant effect (p 0.05) on the erythrocytes, leukocytes and hemoglobin of fish, but did not show a significant effect on the values of hematocrit and platelets.
The role of modelling and analytics in South African COVID-19 planning and budgeting
Authors: Meyer-Rath Gesine , Hounsell Rachel A. , Pulliam Juliet RC , Jamieson Lise , Nichols Brooke E. , Moultrie Harry , Silal Sheetal P. 
Published: July 2023

Background
The South African COVID-19 Modelling Consortium (SACMC) was established in late March 2020 to support planning and budgeting for COVID-19 related healthcare in South Africa. We developed several tools in response to the needs of decision makers in the different stages of the epidemic, allowing the South African government to plan several months ahead.

Methods
Our tools included epidemic projection models, several cost and budget impact models, and online dashboards to help government and the public visualise our projections, track case development and forecast hospital admissions. Information on new variants, including Delta and Omicron, were incorporated in real time to allow the shifting of scarce resources when necessary.

Results
Given the rapidly changing nature of the outbreak globally and in South Africa, the model projections were updated regularly. The updates reflected 1) the changing policy priorities over the course of the epidemic; 2) the availability of new data from South African data systems; and 3) the evolving response to COVID-19 in South Africa, such as changes in lockdown levels and ensuing mobility and contact rates, testing and contact tracing strategies and hospitalisation criteria. Insights into population behaviour required updates by incorporating notions of behavioural heterogeneity and behavioural responses to observed changes in mortality. We incorporated these aspects into developing scenarios for the third wave and developed additional methodology that allowed us to forecast required inpatient capacity. Finally, real-time analyses of the most important characteristics of the Omicron variant first identified in South Africa in November 2021 allowed us to advise policymakers early in the fourth wave that a relatively lower admission rate was likely.

Conclusion
The SACMC’s models, developed rapidly in an emergency setting and regularly updated with local data, supported national and provincial government to plan several months ahead, expand hospital capacity when needed, allocate budgets and procure additional resources where possible. Across four waves of COVID-19 cases, the SACMC continued to serve the planning needs of the government, tracking waves and supporting the national vaccine rollout.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among children in pastoralist and agro-pastoralist communities in the Adadle woreda of the Somali Regional State of Ethiopia
Authors: Lanker Kayla C. , Muhummed Abdifatah M. , Cissé Guéladio , Zinsstag Jakob , Hattendorf Jan , Yusuf Ramadan Budul , Hassen Shamil Barsenga , Tschopp Rea , Vonaesch Pascale 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIntestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) can cause illness, morbidity, and occasional mortality in children. Agro-pastoralist and pastoralist children in the Somali Regional State of Ethiopia (ESRS) are especially at risk for IPIs, as access to safe water, sanitation, and health services is lacking. Minimal data on the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors exists in this region.MethodologyWe assessed the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors during the wet season from May-June 2021 in 366 children aged 2 to 5 years in four agro-pastoralist and four pastoralistkebeles(wards) in Adadleworeda(district) of the Shebelle zone, ESRS. Household information, anthropometric measurements, and stool samples were obtained from included children. Parasites were identified microscopically using Kato-Katz and direct smear methods. Risk factors were assessed using general estimating equation models accounting for clustering.Principal findingsOverall prevalence of IPIs was 35%: 30.6% for single infections and 4.4% for poly-parasitic infections. Intestinal protozoan prevalence was 24.9%: 21.9%Giardia intestinalis, and 3.0%Entamoebaspp.. Intestinal helminth prevalence was 14.5%: 12.8%Ascaris lumbricoides, 1.4% hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale/Necator americanus.), and 0.3%Hymenolepis nana.G.intestinalisinfection was associated with drinking water sourced from the river (aOR 15.6, 95%CI 6.84, 35.4) and from collected rainwater (aOR 9.48, 95%CI 3.39, 26.5), with toilet sharing (aOR 2.93, 95%CI 1.36, 6.31) and with household ownership of cattle (1–5 cattle: aOR 1.65, 95%CI 1.13, 2.41; 6+ cattle: aOR 2.07, 95%CI 1.33, 3.21) and chickens (aOR 3.80, 95%CI 1.77, 8.17).A.lumbricoidesinfection was associated with children 36 to 47 months old (aOR 1.92, 95%CI 1.03, 3.58).Conclusions/SignificanceImproving access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene services in Adadle and employing a One Health approach would likely improve the health of children living in (agro-) pastoralist communities in Adadle and the ESRS; however, further studies are required.
Acceptance of and adherence with long-term positive airway pressure treatment in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Laratta Cheryl R. , Moore Linn E. , Jen Rachel , Campbell Sandra M. , MacLean Joanna E. , Pendharkar Sachin R. , Rowe Brian H. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Long-term noninvasive positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment is effective treatment for sleep-related breathing disorders and chronic hypercarbic respiratory failure secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PAP treatment may be delivered as continuous positive airway pressure or noninvasive ventilation. Success in initiating PAP treatment and barriers to its use in adult patients with COPD are largely unknown. This systematic review aims to identify the acceptance of and adherence to PAP treatment prescribed for long-term use in adult patients with COPD and to summarize variables associated with these measures.

Methods
Seven online electronic databases will be searched by an experienced medical librarian to identify records containing the concepts “obstructive airways disease” and “noninvasive positive airway pressure” and “acceptance” or “adherence”. Randomized and non-randomized studies of interventions will be included. Citation lists from relevant articles will be reviewed, and experts will be contacted regarding unpublished studies. Abstracts from key conferences between 2018–2023 and Google Scholar search results will be reviewed for inclusion. Titles, abstracts and full texts will be reviewed independently for inclusion by two reviewers. Data extraction will be completed by one author using a pre-established form and primary outcomes confirmed by a second author. Methodological quality will be evaluated. If sufficient data are available for meta-analysis, a pooled summary statistic for the primary outcome will be calculated using a random-effects generic inverse-variance meta-analysis, weighted proportion or weighted medians-based approach. Subgroup analysis will explore clinically meaningful sources of heterogeneity. Variables that are associated with acceptance and adherence will be described.

Discussion
Long-term PAP treatment is a complex intervention prescribed to patients with COPD for several indications. Synthesis of the evidence on success with PAP treatment and variables associated with acceptance or adherence will inform program and policy development for supporting patients with COPD who are prescribed this therapy.

Trial registration
Systematic review registration: This protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on July 13, 2021 (registration number CRD42021259262), with revisions submitted on April 17, 2023.
Association of reduced serum EGF and leptin levels with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: A case-control study
Authors: Sohan Md. , Qusar M. M. A. Shalahuddin , Shahriar Mohammad , Islam Sardar Mohammad Ashraful , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Islam Md. Rabiul 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous mental disorder having a very diverse course and causing a significant changes in daily life. Though the exact pathophysiology of depression is still not known, an alteration in the serum levels of cytokines and neurotrophic factors was seen in MDD subjects. In this study, we compared the serum levels of ‘pro-inflammatory cytokine leptin and neurotrophic factor EGF’ in healthy controls (HCs) and MDD patients. To make the findings more accurate, we eventually looked for a correlation between altered serum leptin and EGF levels and the severity of the disease condition.MethodsFor this case-control study, about 205 MDD patients were enrolled from the Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, and about 195 HCs were enrolled from various parts of Dhaka. The DSM-5 was utilized to evaluate and diagnose the participants. The HAM-D 17 scale was used to measure the severity of depression. After collecting blood samples, they were centrifuged to produce clear serum samples. These serum samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits to measure serum leptin and EGF levels.ResultsWe observed lowered serum EGF levels in MDD patients compared to HCs (524.70 ± 27.25 pg/ml vs. 672.52 ± 49.64 pg/ml,p= 0.009), and HAM-D score was elevated in MDD patients compared to HCs (17.17 ± 0.56 vs. 2.49 ± 0.43,p<0.001). But no correlation was established between serum EGF levels and the severity of depression. However, no significant differences were observed between MDD patients and HCs in the case of serum leptin levels (p= 0.231).ConclusionOur study findings suggest that reduced serum EGF levels have an impact on the pathogenesis of depression. But as per our investigation, the severity of depression is not correlated with altered EGF levels. Our findings regarding the association of EGF with MDD would help to use EGF as a risk indicator of depression. We suggest further clinical investigations to determine the precise function of leptin and EGF in depression.
Faktor Risiko Gagal Tumbuh pada Anak Human Immunodeficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Novianti Ratna Ardiana , Hapsari MMDEAH , Pratiwi Rina 
Published: July 2023

Latar belakang. Gangguan pertumbuhan disertai malnutrisi merupakan faktor morbiditas dan mortalitas anak dengan Human Immunodeficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Pertumbuhan suboptimal anak tersebut memiliki beberapa kemungkinan mekanisme yang mendasari, yaitu penyakit tersebut, penyakit penyerta, asupan nutrisi kurang, dan malabsorpsi.Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor risiko gagal tumbuh pada anak Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeMetode. Penelitian analitik observasional desain kasus-kontrol pada anak usia lima tahun satu bulan – 14 tahun. Pembagian kelompok berdasar berat badan saat ini dibandingkan data berat badan enam bulan sebelumnya dan diplotting pada kurva Weight for Age . Data waktu dimulainya antiretroviral, kepatuhan pengobatan, infeksi oportunistik, status gizi awal terapi, asupan nutrisi, kondisi imunosupresi saat terdiagnosis, dan kondisi malabsorpsi dicatat. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistical package for the social sciences versi 23.Hasil. Total 58 anak, 30 mengalami gagal tumbuh, 28 tidak mengalami gagal tumbuh. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada asupan nutrisi subjek penelitian (p=0,002, OR 5,81, IK 95% 1,870 – 18,027). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor paling dominan memengaruhi gagal tumbuh pada anak HIV/AIDS adalah status gizi kurang-buruk awal terapi (OR 3,97 IK 95% 1,08-14,59; p=0,038) dan pemenuhan protein kurang dari 100% (OR 15,11 IK 95% 1,69-84,90; p=0,002).Kesimpulan. Status gizi kurang-buruk dan pemenuhan protein kurang dari 100% memiliki kemungkinan besar terjadinya gagal tumbuh.