bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifies KCTD5 as a novel cancer biomarker associated with programmed cell death and chemotherapy drug sensitivity
Authors: Shi Yuan-Xiang , Yan Jian-Hua , Liu Wen , Deng Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
More and more studies have demonstrated that potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing 5 (KCTD5) plays an important role in the development of cancer, but there is a lack of comprehensive research on the biological function of this protein in pan-cancer. This study systematically analyzed the expression landscape of KCTD5 in terms of its correlations with tumor prognosis, the immune microenvironment, programmed cell death, and drug sensitivity.

Methods
We investigated a number of databases, including TCGA, GEPIA2, HPA, TISIDB, PrognoScan, GSCA, CellMiner, and TIMER2.0. The study evaluated the expression of KCTD5 in human tumors, as well as its prognostic value and its association with genomic alterations, the immune microenvironment, tumor-associated fibroblasts, functional enrichment analysis, and anticancer drug sensitivity. Real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry analysis were performed to determine the biological functions of KCTD5 in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Results
The results indicated that KCTD5 is highly expressed in most cancers and that its expression is significantly correlated with tumor prognosis. Moreover, KCTD5 expression was related to the immune microenvironment, infiltration by cancer-associated fibroblasts, and the expression of immune-related genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that KCTD5 is associated with apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of programmed cell death. In vitro experiments showed that knockdown of KCTD5 promoted apoptosis of A549 cells. Correlation analysis confirmed that KCTD5 was positively correlated with the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. Additionally, KCTD5 was significantly associated with sensitivity to multiple antitumor drugs.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that KCTD5 is a potential molecular biomarker that can be used to predict patient prognosis, immunoreactions and drug sensitivity in pan-cancer. KCTD5 plays an important role in regulating programmed cell death, especially apoptosis.
Moyamoya disease presenting with tubular dysfunction in a child: pitfalls in diagnosing an atypical hyponatremic-hypertensive syndrome
Authors: Conte Maria Luisa , La Scola Claudio , Mencarelli Francesca , Filippini Beatrice , Fabbri Elena , Ragnoni Valentina , Ravaioli Elisa , Pasini Andrea , Vergine Gianluca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Moyamoya disease, a cause of pediatric stroke, has been shown to affect furthermore extra-cranial districts, mostly the kidney arterial site, resulting in steno-occlusive changes. Unilateral renal artery stenosis accounts for 8%-10% out of cases of renovascular hypertension in childhood, however it rarely underlies a hyponatremic-hypertensive syndrome (HHS).

Case presentation
We describe an 18-month-old boy with a recent history of polyuria and polydipsia, who presented an acute febrile gastroenteritis with neurological impairment, severe dehydration, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, kidney tubular dysfunction, and elevated aldosterone and renin even with a normal blood pressure. Fluid and electrolytes correction was performed, with complete recovery. An abdominal ultrasound displayed a smaller right kidney. A brain magnetic resonance and an electroencephalogram did not show any relevant abnormalities. Five months later, the child experienced a left-side hemiparesis after a traumatic concussion, and a severe hypertension. A brain tomography documented a cerebral ischemia. Brain and kidney angiographic studies displayed puff of smoke findings of internal right carotid artery branches and a steno-occlusive pattern of right renal artery, respectively. Hence, moyamoya disease with HHS secondary to unilateral renal artery stenosis was diagnosed. After an unsuccessful antiplatelet and antihypertensive pharmacological treatment, the boy underwent a renal angioplasty and a cerebral STA-MCA bypass (direct superficial temporal artery-to-middle cerebral artery bypass), resulting in a significant improvement of both neurological and kidney disease.

Conclusions
Although the association between unilateral renal artery stenosis and HHS has been previously shown, this is the first report of atypical HHS, with hypertension preceded by tubular dysfunction, recognized in the framework of moyamoya disease.
The clinical significance of renal resistance index (RRI) and renal oxygen saturation (RrSO2) in critically ill children with AKI: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Shen Huili , Na Weilan , Li Yichu , Qu Dong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to look into the clinical significance of the renal resistance index (RRI) and renal oxygen saturation (RrSO2) in predicting the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill children. A new non-invasive method for the early detection and prediction of AKI needs to develop.MethodsPatients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) affiliated with the capital institute of pediatrics from December 2020 to March 2021 were enrolled consecutively. Data of clinical information, renal Doppler ultrasound, RrSO2, and hemodynamic index within 24 h of admission were prospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups: the study group was AKI occurred within 72 h, while the control group did not. SPSS (version 25.0) was used to analyze the data, andP < 0.05 was considered a statistical difference.Results1) A total of 66 patients were included in this study, and the incidence of AKI was 19.70% (13/66). The presence of risk factors (shock, tumor, severe infection) increased the incidence of AKI by three times. 2) Univariate analysis showed significant differences in length of hospitalization, white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), renal resistance index (RRI), and ejection fraction (EF) between the study and control groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in renal perfusion semi-quantitative score (P = 0.053), pulsatility index (P = 0.051), pediatric critical illness score (PCIS), and peripheral vascular resistance index (P > 0.05). 3) Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that if RRI > 0.635, the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for predicting AKI were 0.889, 0.552, and 0.751, respectively; if RrSO2 < 43.95%, the values were 0.615, 0.719 and 0.609, respectively; if RRI and RrSO2 were united, they were 0.889, 0.552, and 0.766, respectively.ConclusionsThe incidence of AKI is high in PICU patients. And infection, RRI, and EF are risk factors for AKI in PICU patients. RRI and RrSO2 have certain clinical significance in the early prediction of AKI and may provide a new non-invasive method for early diagnosis and prediction of AKI.
Acute lower respiratory infections among children under five in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review of prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Sarfo Jacob Owusu , Amoadu Mustapha , Gyan Thomas Boateng , Osman Abdul-Ganiyu , Kordorwu Peace Yaa , Adams Abdul Karim , Asiedu Immanuel , Ansah Edward Wilson , Amponsah-Manu Forster , Ofosu-Appiah Priscilla 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) among children under five are still the leading cause of mortality among this group of children in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This scoping review aims to map evidence on prevalence and risk factors associated with ALRTIs among children under 5 years to inform interventions, policies and future studies.

Methods
A thorough search was conducted via four main databases (PubMed, JSTOR, Web of Science and Central). In all, 3,329 records were identified, and 107 full-text studies were considered for evaluation after vigorous screening and removing duplicates, of which 43 were included in this scoping review.

Findings
Findings indicate a high prevalence (between 1.9% to 60.2%) of ALRTIs among children under five in SSA. Poor education, poverty, malnutrition, exposure to second-hand smoke, poor ventilation, HIV, traditional cooking stoves, unclean fuel usage, poor sanitation facilities and unclean drinking water make children under five more vulnerable to ALRTIs in SSA. Also, health promotion strategies like health education have doubled the health-seeking behaviours of mothers of children under 5 years against ALRTIs.

Conclusion
ALRTIs among children under five still present a significant disease burden in SSA. Therefore, there is a need for intersectoral collaboration to reduce the burden of ALRTIs among children under five by strengthening poverty alleviation strategies, improving living conditions, optimising child nutrition, and ensuring that all children have access to clean water. There is also the need for high-quality studies where confounding variables in ALRTIs are controlled.
Role of adiponectin, resistin and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 in overweight/obese asthma phenotype in children
Authors: Osman Abeer M. E. , Motawie Ayat A. M. , Abd Al-Aziz Amany M. , Mostafa Nadia A. A. , Hasan Nehal S. , El-Baz Mohamed S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways with diverse overlapping pathologies and phenotypes contributing to a significant heterogeneity in clinical manifestations. Obesity may modify asthma risk, phenotype, and prognosis. A suggested mechanism linking obesity and asthma is through systemic inflammation. Adipokines secreted by adipose tissue were suggested to provide a link between obesity and asthma.

Objective
To have an understanding for the contribution of adiponectin, resistin and MCP-1 to development of distinct asthma phenotype in overweight/obese children through assessment of their serum level and correlation to pulmonary function tests.

Subjects and methods
The study included 29 normal weight asthmatics, 23 overweight/obese asthmatic children and 30 controls. All cases were subjected to detailed history taking, thorough examination and pulmonary function tests. Serum adiponectin, resistin, MCP-1 and IgE were assessed to all recruited subjects.

Results
Adiponectin level was significantly higher in overweight/obese asthmatics (24900 ± 1600 ng/ml) compared to normal weight asthmatics (21700 ± 1700 ng/ml) and control (23000 ± 3200 ng/ml), (p < 0.001 & 0.051 respectively). Normal weight asthmatics had significantly lower adiponectin level than control, (p = 0.039). A significant low level of MCP-1 in overweight/obese asthmatics (149.5 (20—545) ng/L) compared to control (175 (28 -1123.5) ng/L), p = 0.037. No significant difference was found regarding resistin. Normal weight asthmatics had significantly lower FEV1% and FVC% compared to overweight/obese asthmatics (p = 0.036, 0.016 respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between (FEV1%, FVC) and BMI in normal weight asthmatics (P = 0.01, < 0.01 respectively) and a significant negative correlation between PEF and BMI (-0.42, p = 0.05) in obese/overweight asthmatics. Resistin/adiponectin ratio was not affected by sex, degree of asthma severity or level of asthma control in either normal weight or overweight/obese asthmatic.

Conclusion
This work could suggest that adiponectin may play a role in overweight/obese asthma phenotype where it is possible to have a dual action (pro & anti- inflammatory). It seems that resistin had no role in asthma pathogenesis.
Medial malleolar window approach for varus-type tibial pilon fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Kangyong , Shen Guodong , Zheng Qian , Yang Haiyun , Zhang Hongning , Li Xue , Tan Yanqing , Zhu Yongzhan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Choosing a suitable surgical approach is crucial and challenging for type C pilon fractures. This article aims to explore the clinical efficacy of the medial malleolar window approach for varus-type tibial pilon fractures.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 38 patients with type C varus-type pilon fractures treated between May 2018 and June 2021. In total, 16 cases underwent surgical treatment through the medial malleolar window approach and 22 cases were treated with the traditional anteromedial approach combined with a posterior approach. The operation time, hospitalization time, fracture healing time, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle score, Visual Analogue Scale, and complications were recorded to comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy of the technique. Fracture reduction quality was evaluated using the criteria proposed by Burwell and Charnley.

Results
All patients were followed up. No patients presented delayed union or nonunion. Compared with the conventional approach, the medial malleolar window approach had the advantage of better clinical effect recovery and better fracture reduction (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the medial malleolar window approach had a shorter operation time, although the statistics suggest no significant difference with the control group. No implant exposure or infection occurred. There was good wound healing at two weeks after surgery in all but two cases. Local wound edge necrosis developed in one case in the medial malleolar window approach group, and the wound could not be closed at one stage in another case in the conventional group because of excessive tension, requiring secondary closure.

Conclusion
The medial malleolar window approach provides excellent exposure to type C pilon fractures, allowing for satisfactory fracture reduction and functional rehabilitation. The medial window approach is recommended for varus-type pilon fractures, which can effectively avoid a posterior incision and reduce the operation time.
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraplegia with sporadic late-onset nemaline myopathy: a case report
Authors: Matsuura Eiji , Nozuma Satoshi , Shigehisa Ayano , Dozono Mika , Nakamura Tomonori , Tanaka Masakazu , Kubota Ryuji , Hashiguchi Akihiro , Takashima Hiroshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSporadic late onset nemaline myopathy (SLONM) is a muscle disorder characterized by the presence of nemaline rods in muscle fibers. SLONM has no known genetic cause but has been associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) is a known causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraplegia (HAM/TSP), a chronic inflammatory neurological disease. HTLV-1 has been reported to be implicated in inflammatory myopathies, as well as in HIV infection.; however, there have been no reports of an association between HTLV-1 infection and SLONM to date.Case presentationA 70-year-old Japanese woman presented with gait disturbance, lumbar kyphosis, and respiratory dysfunction. The diagnosis of HAM/TSP with SLONM was made based on characteristic clinical symptoms of HAM/TSP, such as spasticity in the lower extremities, and cerebrospinal fluid test results; and of SLONM, such as generalized head drooping, respiratory failure, and muscle biopsy results. Steroid treatment was initiated and improvement in her stooped posture was observed after 3 days of treatment.ConclusionThis is the first case report of SLONM combined with HTLV-1 infection. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between retroviruses and muscle diseases.
Analysis of the efficacy of microdissection of paravebous sinus meningiomas invading large venous sinuses
Authors: Ji Chengyuan , Zhao Jiashuo , Xing Weixin , Liu Jiangang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
The management of paravebous sinus meningiomas that invade major venous sinuses is a subject of debate, particularly concerning the necessity of complete resection of the tumor and reconstruction of the venous sinus. This article aims to demonstrate the outcomes of total removal of the lesion (including the invading venous sinus portion) and the effects of restoring or not restoring venous circulation in terms of recurrence of the tumor, mortality, and post-operative complications.

Methods
The authors conducted a study involving 68 patients with paravebous sinus meningiomas. Of the 60 parasagittal meningiomas, 23 were located in the anterior third, 30 in the middle third, and 7 in the posterior third. Additionally, 3 lesions were located in the sinus confluence area, and 5 in the transverse sinus. All patients underwent surgery, and the degree of venous sinus involvement was classified into six types. For type I meningiomas, the outer layer of the sinus wall was stripped off. For types II to VI, two strategies were employed: non-constitutional, wherein the tumor and affected venous sinuses were removed without repair, and reconstructive, wherein the tumor was completely removed and the venous sinuses were sutured or repaired. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scale and Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) were utilized to assess the outcomes of the surgical procedures.

Results
The study group of 68 patients underwent complete tumor resection in 97.1%, with sinus reconstruction attempted in 84.4% of cases with sinus wall and sinus cavity invasion. The recurrence rate of this group was 5.9%, with follow-up ranging from 33 to 57 months. It was found that the recurrence rate was significantly higher in cases with incomplete resection than in those with complete resection. The overall mortality rate was 4.4%, with all cases resulting from malignant brain swelling due to the failure to perform venous reconstruction after resectioning of the meningioma type VI. Furthermore, 10.3% of patients experienced worsening symptoms of neurological deficits or complete loss of neurological function, with a significantly higher incidence in those without venous reconstruction than in the venous reconstruction group (P < 0.0001, Fisher test). No statistically significant pre-operative and post-operative KPS differences were observed in patients with type I to V. However, in patients with type VI (who did not receive venous reconstruction), the post-operative KPS score was significantly worse.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest the necessity of a complete resection of the tumor, including the invasive venous sinus component, as the recurrence rate was found to be relatively low at 5.9%. Moreover, patients who did not undergo venous reconstruction showed significant deterioration in their clinical condition compared to other subgroups, thus highlighting the importance of venous sinus reconstruction.
The status of low anterior resection syndrome: data from a single-center in China
Authors: Su Jing , Liu Qianhui , Zhou Dagui , Yang Xiaofeng , Jia Guiru , Huang Lijun , Tang Xiao , Fang Jiafeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aim
The incidence and risk factors of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) largely variate in different studies. In addition, there is lack of study on how patients evaluate the therapeutic effect of LARS. This single-center retrospective study aims to investigate the status of LARS in Chinese patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR).

Methods
Consequent patients undergoing laparoscopic LAR and free from disease recurrence from January 2015 to May 2021 were issued with both LARS questionnaire and satisfaction survey. Related data were collected and analyzed.

Results
Both LARS questionnaires and self-made satisfaction survey were received from 261 eligible patients. The overall incidence of LARS was 47.1% (minor in 19.5%, major in 27.6%), decreased with the passage of postoperative time (64.7% within 12 months, and 41.7% within 12–36 months), and became stable 36 months later (39.7%). The most common symptoms were defecation clustering (n = 107/261, 41.0%) and defecation urgency (n = 101/261, 38.7%). According to the multivariable regression analysis, risk factors of major LARS were: 1 year increase in age (OR 1.035, 95% CI 1.004–1.068), protective stoma (OR 2.656, 95% CI 1.233–5.724) and T3 − 4 stage (OR 2.449, 95% CI 1.137–5.273). Most patients complained defecation disorder (87.3%) to doctors and 84.5% got suggestions or treatments for it. However, only 36.8% patients thought the treatments worked for them.

Conclusions
LARS frequently occurs after laparoscopic LAR, while the therapeutic effect is not satisfying. Elder, advanced T-stage and protective stoma were risk factors for postoperative major LARS.
Risk factors analysis of surgical complications of hepatic hemangioma: a modified Clavien-Dindo classification-based study
Authors: Yang Kai , Ma Yan , Yang Zelong , Yang Yanling , Song Wenjie , Chen Weigang , Lv Weihao , Zhang Ruohan , Chen Yong , Qiao Hongyu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
There are few studies on the risk factors of postoperative complications after surgical treatment of hepatic hemangioma (HH). This study aims to provide a more scientific reference for clinical treatment.

Methods
The clinical characteristics and operation data of HH patients undergoing surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. All enrolled patients were divided into two groups based on the modified Clavien-Dindo classification: Major group (Grade II/III/IV/V) and Minor group (Grade I and no complications). Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for massive intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and postoperative Grade II and above complications.

Results
A total of 596 patients were enrolled, with a median age of 46.0 years (range, 22–75 years). Patients with Grade II/III/IV/V complications were included in the Major group (n = 119, 20%), and patients with Grade I and no complications were included in the Minor group (n = 477, 80%). The results of multivariate analysis of Grade II/III/IV/V complications showed that operative duration, IBL, and tumor size increased the risk of Grade II/III/IV/V complications. Conversely, serum creatinine (sCRE) decreased the risk. The results of multivariate analysis of IBL showed that tumor size, surgical method, and operative duration increased the risk of IBL.

Conclusions
Operative duration, IBL, tumor size, and surgical method are independent risk factors that should be paid attention to in HH surgery. In addition, as an independent protective factor for HH surgery, sCRE should attract more attention from scholars.