bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ability to produce a timely explosive force may affect loading rate at landing
Authors: Sugiyama K. , Fuchioka S. , Kimura Y. , Iwata A. , Nakata K. , Mae T. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Sports injuries are strongly associated with the impact loading at landing. The abilities to produce force and adjust timing are simultaneously required to absorb impact loading.

Aims
Hence, we aimed to examine the hypothesis that the ability to produce an explosive force at the right timing is related to the ability to absorb the impact loading at landing.

Methods
Twenty-nine healthy young men volunteered to participate in the study. We proposed a new test to measure the rate of force development (RFD) in accordance with the countdown signal. To evaluate the ability to produce explosive force at the right time, we measured the rate of change between the RFD at the standard start signal and the RFD at the countdown signal. Furthermore, to evaluate the ability to land from a jump, we measured the loading rate at single-leg drop landing (20 cm).

Results
We divided the participants into two groups based on the timing effect: the positive group (participants with increased RFD at the countdown signal, n = 11) and the negative group (participants with decreased RFD at the countdown signal, n = 18). The loading rate was significantly greater (P < .01) in the negative group (47.4 ± 11.2 body weight (BW)/s) than in the positive group (34.7 ± 7.1 BW/s).

Conclusions
Participants with increased RFD at the countdown signal had a lower loading rate at landing. Our results suggest that the ability to produce a timely explosive force may be a determinant of safe landing ability.
Two New Families and a Literature Review of ELOVL4-Associated Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 34
Authors: Nishide Masahiro , Le Marquand Kathleen , Davis Mark R. , Halmágyi Gábor M. , Fellner Avi , Narayanan Ramesh K. , Kennerson Marina L. , Reddel Stephen W. , Worgan Lisa , Panegyres Peter K. , Kumar Kishore R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Autosomal dominant variants in ELOVL4 cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 34 (SCA34; ATX-ELOVL4), classically associated with a skin condition known as erythrokeratoderma. Here, we report a large Italian-Maltese-Australian family with spinocerebellar ataxia. Notably, while there were dermatological manifestations (eczema), erythrokeratoderma was not present. Using a next-generation sequencing panel, we identified a previously reported ELOVL4 variant, NM_022726.4: c.698C > T p.(Thr233Met). The variant was initially classified as a variant of uncertain significance; however, through segregation studies, we reclassified the variant as likely pathogenic. We next identified an individual from another family (Algerian-Maltese-Australian) with the same ELOVL4 variant with spinocerebellar ataxia but without dermatological manifestations. We subsequently performed the first dedicated literature review of ELOVL4-associated ataxia to gain further insights into genotype–phenotype relationships. We identified a total of 60 reported cases of SCA34 to date. The majority had gait ataxia (88.3%), limb ataxia (76.7%), dysarthria (63.3%), and nystagmus (58.3%). Of note, skin lesions related to erythrokeratoderma were seen in a minority of cases (33.3%). Other extracerebellar manifestations included pyramidal tract signs, autonomic disturbances, retinitis pigmentosa, and cognitive impairment. For brain MRI data, cerebellar atrophy was seen in all cases (100%), whereas the hot cross bun sign (typically associated with multiple system atrophy type C) was seen in 32.4% of cases. Our family study and literature review highlight the variable phenotypic spectrum of SCA34. Importantly, it shows that erythrokeratoderma is not found in most cases and that, while a dermatological assessment may be helpful in these patients, SCA34 diagnosis should be considered irrespective of dermatological manifestations.
Influence of laser metal deposition process parameters on a precipitation hardening stainless steel
Authors: Aydin Gökçe , Valiente Bermejo Maria Asuncion , Högström Mats , Şelte Aydın , Oikonomou Christos , Andersson Joel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steels (MPHSS) makes them well suited for demanding applications in aerospace, high-pressure gas bottles, or in injection molding of corrosive plastics. Directed energy deposition methods and specifically the laser metal deposition process with powder as feedstock (LMDp) have the potential to be applied in the production of such components. It is well-known that the geometrical features of the deposited beads such as aspect ratio and dilution are crucial for process efficiency and deposition quality. Therefore, this work aims at understanding the influence of the process parameters and the resulting microstructure of a MPHSS modified PH 13-8Mo alloy when using LMDp. Design of experiment (DoE) was used to plan and analyze the influence and interaction of the different LMDp process variables in the geometry of the deposits. It was found that height, width, and depth were statistically significantly influenced by speed, while height was also considerably influenced by the powder feeding rate. In terms of laser power, it was the most significant factor for the width and the depth, but it did not significantly affect the height of the beads. The results showed that the as-deposited microstructure of the modified PH 13-8Mo under the LMDp conditions investigated in this work consists of a martensitic matrix with some amount of primary δ ferrite. The presence of a low amount of retained austenite and aluminum-enriched inclusions was confirmed. This work enhances the fundamental process and material understanding of LMDp of the modified PH 13-8Mo alloy as a first stage in the fabrication of additively manufactured components.
Functional MRI to quantify perfusion changes of a renal allograft after embolization of an arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Liang Cecilia , Heister David J. , Guthoff Martina , Grözinger Gerd , Martirosian Petros , Seith Ferdinand 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAcute allograft injury was observed in a 37-year-old woman within a few weeks after kidney transplantation. Neither renal ultrasound nor computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) angiography revealed any anomaly. An MR protocol was then performed including arterial spin labeling and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging. Both arterial spin labeling and the perfusion fraction in the diffusion weighted imaging showed decreased perfusion compared to reference values. The patient subsequently underwent angiography, where an arteriovenous fistula in the upper calix of the transplant kidney was detected and immediate embolization was performed. A second functional MR, performed one week later, demonstrated a 40% increase in organ perfusion. We conclude that functional MR with arterial spin labeling and intravoxel incoherent motion have the potential to provide complementary information of clinical value to conventional imaging for monitoring renal allografts.
Exploring long-term electrification pathway dynamics: a case study of Ethiopia
Authors: Sahlberg Andreas , Usher Will , Pappis Ioannis , Broad Oliver , Kebede Fitsum Salehu , Walle Tewodros 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Open Source Spatial Electrification Tool (OnSSET) is extended to provide a long-term geospatial electrification analysis of Ethiopia, focusing on the role of grid- and off-grid technologies to increase residential electricity access under different scenarios. Furthermore, the model explores issues of compatibility between the electricity supply technologies over time. Six potential scenarios towards universal access to electricity in the country are examined based on three pathways; the Ambition pathway sees high demand growth and universal access achieved by 2025, the Slow Down pathway follows a lower demand growth with a slower electrification rate and with a higher share of off-grid technologies, and the Big Business pathway prioritizes grid electricity first for the industrial sector, leading to slower residential electrification. The results show a large focus on grid extension and stand-alone PV deployment for least-cost electrification in case of low grid-generation costs and uninhibited grid expansion. However, in case of a slower grid rollout rate and high demand growth, a more dynamic evolution of the supply system is seen, where mini-grids play an important role in transitional electrification. Similarly, in the case where grid electricity generation comes at a higher cost, mini-grids prove to be cost-competitive with the centralized grid in many areas. Finally, we also show that transitional mini-grids, which are later incorporated into the centralized grid, risk increasing the investments significantly during the periods when these are integrated and mini-grid standards are not successfully implemented. In all cases, existing barriers to decentralized technologies must be removed to ensure off-grid technologies are deployed and potentially integrated with the centralized grid as needed.
How older adults with physical impairments maintain their autonomy in nursing homes
Authors: van Loon Jolande , Janssen Meriam , Janssen Bienke , de Rooij Ietje , Luijkx Katrien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAutonomy is important to persons, including when they are living in nursing homes. Especially the relational dimension of autonomy is crucial for older adults with physical impairments. They generally have the decisional capacity to make choices about how they want to live their lives, but are often unable, or only partially able, to exercise these decisions themselves. To execute decisions, older adults are dependent on those who support them or care for them. However, little is known about how nursing home residents maintain autonomy in daily life and how others are involved in the decisions and execution of the decisions. To examine how older adults with physical impairments living in nursing homes maintain autonomy in daily life, shadowing, a non-participative observational method, was used. Seventeen older adults were shadowed during the course of one day. The observation ended with a brief interview. After the shadowing, the detailed observation notes were typed out, combined with the verbatim transcript resulting in one extensive report per shadowee. All 17 reports were coded and analysed thematically. Six elements for how older adults maintain autonomy in relation with others were identified, i.e. ‘being able to decide and/or execute decisions’, ‘active involvement’, ‘transferring autonomy to others’, ‘using preferred spaces’, ‘choosing how to spend time in daily life’ and ‘deciding about important subjects’. For all six elements established in this study, it was found that older adults with physical impairments living in nursing homes could only maintain autonomy in daily life when others, such as staff, family and friends, were responsive to signals of the needs of older adults.
Review of the Ordovician pelagic trilobite Ellipsotaphrus (Cyclopygoidea, Ellipsotaphridae) and its allies, with new discoveries from Girvan, Ayrshire
Authors: INGHAM J. Keith , FORTEY Richard A. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTFollowing Fortey and Owens (1987), the Ordovician trilobite taxon Ellipsotaphrinae is established as valid, but is argued to have full family status within the Cyclopygoidea. It encompasses the existing genera Ellipsotaphrus, Girvanopyge Gamops and Circulocrania together with two new genera proposed herein, Arisemolobes and Synaptotaphrus. Typical ellipsotaphrid genera have a totally circumscribed ‘foreglabella’, incorporating extended S1 furrows and a portion of the occipital furrow. The known range of the family is Floian to Katian. Genera are conservative in form throughout their ranges and are widespread. All occur only in deeper water sediments with palaeooceanic access. Ellipsotaphrus monophthalmus and Ellipsotaphrus infaustus are reassessed and Ellipsotaphrus zhongguoensis, from the Katian of China, is regarded as a junior synonym of the Katian Girvan species Ellipsotaphrus pumilio. Girvanopyge [ = Cremastoglottos; Nanlingia; Waldminia] is demonstrated, partly on the basis of new material from the Katian of Girvan, to be an ellipsotaphrid cyclopygoid and not to have a close affinity to the remopleuridids, as had been clained. Girvanopyge barrandei, from the Katian of the Czech Republic, is synonymised with Girvanopyge caudata from China. Gamops is revived for forms showing a relationship to both Girvanopyge and Ellipsotaphrus. It encompasses three Czech species including the Dapingian Gamops triangulatus, which probably also occurs in correlative strata in South Wales. The systematic treatment is supported by new material from the Upper Ordovician of the Girvan district, and the relevant geology of this area is described in detail. New species proposed are: Arisemolobes zhouzhiyii, Synaptotaphrus oarion and Circulocrania ? dichaulax.
Proxy‐Model Comparison for the Eocene‐Oligocene Transition in Southern High Latitudes
Authors: Tibbett Emily J. , Burls Natalie J. , Hutchinson David K. , Feakins Sarah J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Eocene‐Oligocene transition (EOT) marks the shift from greenhouse to icehouse conditions at 34 Ma, when a permanent ice sheet developed on Antarctica. Climate modeling studies have recently assessed the drivers of the transition globally. Here we revisit those experiments for a detailed study of the southern high latitudes in comparison to the growing number of mean annual sea surface temperature (SST) and mean air temperature (MAT) proxy reconstructions, allowing us to assess proxy‐model temperature agreement and refine estimates for the magnitude of the pCO2 forcing of the EOT. We compile and update published proxy temperature records on and around Antarctica for the late Eocene (38–34 Ma) and early Oligocene (34–30 Ma). Compiled SST proxies cool by up to 3°C and MAT by up to 4°C between the timeslices. Proxy data were compared to previous climate model simulations representing pre‐ and post‐EOT, typically forced with a halving of pCO2. We scaled the model outputs to identify the magnitude of pCO2 change needed to drive a commensurate change in temperature to best fit the temperature proxies. The multi‐model ensemble needs a 30 or 33% decrease in pCO2, to best fit MAT or SST proxies respectively. These proxy‐model intercomparisons identify declining pCO2 as the primary forcing of EOT cooling, with a magnitude (200 or 243 ppmv) approaching that of the pCO2 proxies (150 ppmv). However individual model estimates span a decrease of 66–375 ppmv, thus proxy‐model uncertainties are dominated by model divergence.
Fc effector of anti-Aβ antibody induces synapse loss and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease-like mouse model
Authors: Sun Xiao-ying , Yu Xiao-lin , Zhu Jie , Li Ling-jie , Zhang Lun , Huang Ya-ru , Liu Dong-qun , Ji Mei , Sun Xun , Zhang Ling-xiao , Zhou Wei-wei , Zhang Dongming , Jiao Jianwei , Liu Rui-tian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPassive immunotherapy is one of the most promising interventions for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, almost all immune-modulating strategies fail in clinical trials with unclear causes although they attenuate neuropathology and cognitive deficits in AD animal models. Here, we showed that Aβ-targeting antibodies including their lgG1 and lgG4 subtypes induced microglial engulfment of neuronal synapses by activating CR3 or FcγRIIb via the complex of Aβ, antibody, and complement. Notably, anti-Aβ antibodies without Fc fragment, or with blockage of CR3 or FcγRIIb, did not exert these adverse effects. Consistently, Aβ-targeting antibodies, but not their Fab fragments, significantly induced acute microglial synapse removal and rapidly exacerbated cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice post-treatment, whereas the memory impairments in mice were gradually rescued thereafter. Since the recovery rate of synapses in humans is much lower than that in mice, our findings may clarify the variances in the preclinical and clinical studies assessing AD immunotherapies. Therefore, Aβ-targeting antibodies lack of Fc fragment, or with reduced Fc effector function, may not induce microglial synaptic pruning, providing a safer and more efficient therapeutic alternative for passive immunotherapy for AD.
Polygenic risk for mental disorders as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder after mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Stein Murray B. , Jain Sonia , Parodi Livia , Choi Karmel W. , Maihofer Adam X. , Nelson Lindsay D. , Mukherjee Pratik , Sun Xiaoying , He Feng , Okonkwo David O. , Giacino Joseph T. , Korley Frederick K. , Vassar Mary J. , Robertson Claudia S. , McCrea Michael A. , Temkin Nancy , Markowitz Amy J. , Diaz-Arrastia Ramon , Rosand Jonathan , Manley Geoffrey T. ,   TRACK-TBI Investigators, Badjatia Neeraj , Duhaime Ann-Christine , Ferguson Adam R. , Gopinath Shankar , Grandhi Ramesh , Madden Christopher , Merchant Randall , Schnyer David , Taylor Sabrina R. , Yue John K. , Zafonte Ross 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are at risk for mental health problems such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The objective of this study was to determine whether the polygenic risk for PTSD (or for related mental health disorders or traits including major depressive disorder [MDD] and neuroticism [NEU]) was associated with an increased likelihood of PTSD in the aftermath of mTBI. We used data from individuals of European ancestry with mTBI enrolled in TRACK-TBI (n = 714), a prospective longitudinal study of level 1 trauma center patients. One hundred and sixteen mTBI patients (16.3%) had probable PTSD (PCL-5 score ≥33) at 6 months post-injury. We used summary statistics from recent GWAS studies of PTSD, MDD, and NEU to generate polygenic risk scores (PRS) for individuals in our sample. A multivariable model that included age, sex, pre-injury history of mental disorder, and cause of injury explained 7% of the variance in the PTSD outcome; the addition of the PTSD-PRS (and five ancestral principal components) significantly increased the variance explained to 11%. The adjusted odds of PTSD in the uppermost PTSD-PRS quintile was nearly four times higher (aOR = 3.71, 95% CI 1.80–7.65) than in the lowest PTSD-PRS quintile. There was no evidence of a statistically significant interaction between PTSD-PRS and prior history of mental disorder, indicating that PTSD-PRS had similar predictive utility among those with and without pre-injury psychiatric illness. When added to the model, neither MDD-PRS nor NEU-PRS were significantly associated with the PTSD outcome. These findings show that the risk for PTSD in the context of mTBI is, in part, genetically influenced. They also raise the possibility that an individual’s PRS could be clinically actionable if used—possibly with other non-genetic predictors—to signal the need for enhanced follow-up and early intervention; this precision medicine approach needs to be prospectively studied.
The management of light chain (AL) amyloidosis in Europe: clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and efficacy outcomes between 2004 and 2018
Authors: Palladini Giovanni , Schönland Stefan , Merlini Giampaolo , Milani Paolo , Jaccard Arnaud , Bridoux Frank , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Ravichandran Sriram , Hegenbart Ute , Roeloffzen Wilfried , Cibeira M. Teresa , Agis Hermine , Minnema Monique C. , Bergantim Rui , Hájek Roman , João Cristina , Leonidakis Alexandros , Cheliotis Giorgos , Sonneveld Pieter , Kastritis Efstathios , Wechalekar Ashutosh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSystemic light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare and debilitating disease. Advances have been made in new treatments in recent years, yet real-world data on the management of the disease are scarce. EMN23 is a retrospective, observational study of patients who initiated first-line treatment in 2004–2018 in Europe, presenting the demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes, from 4480 patients. Regimens based on bortezomib were the most frequently used as first-line therapy; only 6.2% of the patients received autologous stem cell transplant. Hematologic responses improved post-2010 (67.1% vs 55.6% pre-2010). The median overall survival (OS) was 48.8 (45.2–51.7) months; 51.4 (47.3–57.7) months pre-2010 and 46.7 (41.3–52.2) months post-2010. Early mortality was 13.4% and did not improve (11.4% vs 14.4% pre- and post-2010); furthermore, it remained high in patients with advanced cardiac disease (over 39% for stage IIIb). There was a significant improvement for stage IIIa (14.2 vs 30.7 months, p = 0.0170) but no improvement for stage IIIb patients (5.0 vs 4.5 months). This European real-world study of AL-amyloidosis emphasizes the unmet needs of early diagnosis, and the lack of improvement in survival outcomes of the frail stage IIIb population, despite the introduction of new therapies in recent years.
Projected health impact of post-discharge malaria chemoprevention among children with severe malarial anaemia in Africa
Authors: Okell Lucy C. , Kwambai Titus K. , Dhabangi Aggrey , Khairallah Carole , Nkosi-Gondwe Thandile , Winskill Peter , Opoka Robert , Mousa Andria , Kühl Melf-Jakob , Lucas Tim C. D. , Challenger Joseph D. , Idro Richard , Weiss Daniel J. , Cairns Matthew , ter Kuile Feiko O. , Phiri Kamija , Robberstad Bjarne , Mori Amani Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChildren recovering from severe malarial anaemia (SMA) remain at high risk of readmission and death after discharge from hospital. However, a recent trial found that post-discharge malaria chemoprevention (PDMC) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine reduces this risk. We developed a mathematical model describing the daily incidence of uncomplicated and severe malaria requiring readmission among 0–5-year old children after hospitalised SMA. We fitted the model to a multicentre clinical PDMC trial using Bayesian methods and modelled the potential impact of PDMC across malaria-endemic African countries. In the 20 highest-burden countries, we estimate that only 2–5 children need to be given PDMC to prevent one hospitalised malaria episode, and less than 100 to prevent one death. If all hospitalised SMA cases access PDMC in moderate-to-high transmission areas, 38,600 (range 16,900–88,400) malaria-associated readmissions could be prevented annually, depending on access to hospital care. We estimate that recurrent SMA post-discharge constitutes 19% of all SMA episodes in moderate-to-high transmission settings.
Benchmark single-step ethylene purification from ternary mixtures by a customized fluorinated anion-embedded MOF
Authors: Jiang, Yunjia , Hu, Yongqi , Luan, Binquan , Wang, Lingyao , Krishna, Rajamani , Ni, Haofei , Hu Xin , Zhang Yuanbin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEthylene (C2H4) purification from multi-component mixtures by physical adsorption is a great challenge in the chemical industry. Herein, we report a GeF62-anion embedded MOF (ZNU-6) with customized pore structure and pore chemistry for benchmark one-step C2H4recovery from C2H2and CO2. ZNU-6 exhibits significantly high C2H2(1.53 mmol/g) and CO2(1.46 mmol/g) capacity at 0.01 bar. Record high C2H4productivity is achieved from C2H2/CO2/C2H4mixtures in a single adsorption process under various conditions. The separation performance is retained over multiple cycles and under humid conditions. The potential gas binding sites are investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which suggest that C2H2and CO2are preferably adsorbed in the interlaced narrow channel with high aff0inity. In-situ single crystal structures with the dose of C2H2, CO2or C2H4further reveal the realistic host-guest interactions. Notably, rare C2H2clusters are formed in the narrow channel while two distinct CO2adsorption locations are observed in the narrow channel and the large cavity with a ratio of 1:2, which accurately account for the distinct adsorption heat curves.