bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria In Ice Cream During Storage: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nascimento Manuella Oliveira , Santos Carla Vitória de Fátima Pereira , Rodrigues Viviane Belini , de Alencar Ernandes Rodrigues , Leandro Eliana dos Santos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This systematic review aimed to synthesize the results of studies that investigated the survival of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in ice cream, in order to determine the factors that enhance survival during storage. The most expressive factors in enhancing the survival of probiotic strains in ice cream were: (i) microencapsulation of LAB, (ii) addition of prebiotics, (iii) fruit and its derivatives, (iv) vegetable extracts, (v) flours, (vi) use of fat substitute for inulin, and (vii) and adaptation of LAB to cold or heat. The factors that have been shown to reduce the viability of probiotic strains were: (i) substitution of sugar for sweeteners and (ii) storage time. Still contradictory results were found regarding the addition of whey and vitamins and minerals, replacement of cow's milk by other ingredients, change in the amount of fat alone and together with sugar, the influence of the LAB species/subspecies and different methods ice cream manufacturing. Finally, different ice cream packaging materials had no significant effect on survival.
Stable Two Dimensional Na Decorated BeN4: A Potential Candidate for Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Hussain Shakaib , Abdul Jalil , ilyas syed zafar , Kanwal Arooba , Ahmed Sarfraz , Hassan Ather 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen, being a powerful energy carrier, possesses the ability to transform the present carbon economy to green hydrogen economy. Since wide range of resources are available for its production, reversible hydrogen storage is the prevalent challenge. Surface activation by adsorption has been reported to increase the hydrogen uptake, thus boosting the storage capacity. In this work, Sodium (Na) decorated Beryllonitrene (BeN4) monolayer has been identified as a hydrogen storage material using first-principles calculations. Our results reveal that Na decorated BeN4 has ability to adsorb upto 12 H2 molecules, leading to high gravimetric density of 4.26 wt%. The adsorption energy per H2 (adsorbate) is moderate i.e., between 0.13 and 0.298 eV, good enough for hydrogen storage in practical applications. AIMD simulations disclose that adsorbate experiences no kinetic hinderance in desorption. Moreover, the desorption temperature of H2 molecule on NaBeN4 monolayer (substrate) varies from 162.5 to 382 K, confirming the reversibility of substrate and thus ensuring its potential for hydrogen storage medium. The short recovery time predicts that the substrate responds rapidly in presence of H2 molecules, which guarantees the fast kinetics of adsorbate. Our calculations predict Na-decorated BeN4 monolayer as an excellent candidate for reversible and high-capacity hydrogen storage material.
Scaling models of visual working memory to natural images
Authors: Bates Christopher , Alvarez George , Gershman Samuel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Over the last few decades, psychologists have developed precise quantitative models of human recall performance in visual working memory (VWM) tasks. However, these models are tailored to a particular class of artificial stimulus displays and simple feature reports from participants (e.g., the color or orientation of a simple object). Our work has two aims. The first is to build models that explain people’s memory errors in continuous report tasks with natural images. Here, we use image generation algorithms to generate continuously varying response alternatives that differ from the stimulus image in natural and complex ways, in order to capture the richness of people’s stored representations. The second aim is to determine whether models that do a good job of explaining memory errors with natural images also explain errors in the more heavily studied domain of artificial displays with simple items. We find that: (i) features taken from state-of-the-art deep encoders explain coarse-grained and some fine-grained aspects of trial-by-trial difficulty in natural images, while several reasonable baselines do not; and (ii) deep visual encoders could reproduce set-size effects but overall offered a poorer explanation of human data in the artificial domain. Together, our results suggest that people may rely on distinct cognitive systems or brain areas in artificial versus natural task domains. Moving forward, our approach offers a scalable way to build a more generalized understanding of VWM representations by combining recent advances in both AI and cognitive modeling.
Can lifestyle factors explain racial and ethnic inequalities in all-cause mortality among US adults?
Authors: Puka Klajdi , Kilian Carolin , Zhu Yachen , Mulia Nina , Buckley Charlotte , Lasserre Aurélie M. , Rehm Jürgen , Probst Charlotte 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Racial and ethnic inequalities in all-cause mortality exist, and individual-level lifestyle factors have been proposed to contribute to these inequalities. In this study, we evaluate the extent to which the association between race and ethnicity and all-cause mortality can be explained by differences in the exposure and vulnerability to harmful effects of different lifestyle factors.
Methods: The 1997-2014 cross-sectional, annual US National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) linked to the 2015 National Death Index was used. NHIS reported on race and ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic/Latinx), lifestyle factors (alcohol use, smoking, body mass index, physical inactivity), and covariates (sex, age, education, marital status, survey year). Causal mediation using an additive hazard and marginal structural approach was used.
Results: 465,073 adults (18-85 years) were followed 8.9 years (SD:5.3); 49,804 deaths were observed. Relative to White adults, Black adults experienced 21.7 (men; 95%CI: 19.9, 23.5) and 11.5 (women; 95%CI: 10.1, 12.9) additionaldeaths per 10,000 person-years whereas Hispanic/Latinx women experienced 9.3 (95%CI: 8.1, 10.5) fewer deaths per 10,000 person-years; no statistically significant differences were identified between White and Hispanic/Latinx men. Notably, these differences in mortality were partially explained by both differential exposure and differential vulnerability to these lifestyle factors among Black women, while different effects of individual lifestyle factors canceled each other out among Black men and Hispanic/Latinx women.
Conclusions: Lifestyle factors provide some explanation for racial and ethnic inequalities in all-cause mortality. Greater attention to structural, life course, healthcare, and other factors is needed to understand determinants of inequalities in mortality and advance health equity.
Multi-omics characterization of cellular state diversity and bidirectional tumor-stroma/immune interactions in cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sun Chaoyang , Fan Junpeng , Lu Funian , Peng Wenju , Qin Tianyu , Zhuang Xucui , Li Yinuo , Hou Xin , Fang Zixuan , Yang Yunyi , Guo Ensong , Yang Bin , Li Xi , Fu Yu , Kang Xiaoyan , Wu Zimeng , Mills Gordon , Ma Xiangyi , Li Kezhen , Wu Peng , Ma Ding , Chen Gang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, with low response rates to immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here we conducted a multidimensional analysis encompassing single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics, and spatial proteomics, combined with genetic and pharmacological perturbations to systematically develop a high-resolution and spatially-resolved map of intra-tumoral expression heterogeneity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Three context-specific tumor states (Epithelial-cytokeratin (Epi-Krt), epithelial-immune (Epi-imm) and epithelial senescence (Epi-Sen)) that recapitulate squamous differentiation substantially alter the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Bidirectional interactions between Epi-Krt malignant epithelial cells and MMP11+ CAF form an immune exclusionary microenvironment through TGFβ pathway signaling mediated by FABP5. Epi-Imm malignant epithelial cells and NK/T cells interact bidirectionally through interferon signaling. Notably, preliminary analysis of the NACI clinical trial (NCT04516616) demonstrated neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) induce a state transition to Epi-Imm with the extent of this transition being associated with pathological complete remission (pCR) to subsequent ICB treatment. These findings provide a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of cellular state diversity and have significant implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies in CSCC and potentially other squamous cancers.
Clinical features and prognosis of pregnancy-related renal damage and pregnancy after chronic kidney disease
Authors: fang li , Shen Bingbing , zhang Huhai , Yin Na , Cai Juan , Zhang Jun , Zhao Hongwen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: Explore the different clinical features of pregnancy-related renal damage and pregnancy after chronic kidney disease(CKD), so as to provides the clinical basis for the relationship between renal damage and pregnancy.
Methods:Retrospective analysis the patients with pregnancy and kidney damage
admitted to our hospital between March 2013 and February 2021. Collect the pathology results of renal biopsy, 24-hour urinary protein quantity, albumin(Alb), serum creatinine（Scr）, blood lipids, coagulation function, blood routine and other indicators during pregnancy and postpartum period.
Results: A total of 82 cases were included in this study, including 48 cases in pregnancy-related renal damage group, of which 11 cases (22.92%) were terminated pregnancy. 34 cases in the post-CKD pregnancy group, of which 1 case (2.94%) were terminated pregnancy. There were 30 cases (88.24%) of CKD stage 1-2, the pregnancy outcome and fetal outcome were better in the post-CKD pregnancy group than in the pregnancy-related renal damage group (Ρ was 0.029, 0.036 respectively), there was no statistical significance in the comparison of fetal weight between the two groups (Ρ>0.05). In renal biopsy pathology, 16 cases (33.33%) were mainly focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in the pregnancy-related renal damage group, the post-CKD pregnancy group was dominated by 14 cases (43.75%) of IgA nephropathy. Comparison of the first indicators of pregnancy between the two groups showed that estimated glomerular filtration（eGFR）and Alb in the pregnancy-related renal damage group were lower than those in the post-CKD pregnancy group (Ρ was 0.003, 0.000 respectively). Meanwhile, 24-hour urinary protein quantity, total cholesterol（Tch）, triglyceride(TG), and platelet (PLT) counts were higher than the post-CKD pregnancy group (Ρ was 0.005, 0.001, 0.008, 0.031 respectively). The abnormal rate of Scr during pregnancy was 41.67% (20/48) in the pregnancy-related renal damage group, 17.39% (4/23) in the post-CKD pregnancy group, and the abnormal rate of Scr during pregnancy in the two groups was statistically significant (Ρ was 0.043 respectively).
Conclusion: The pathological type of the pregnancy-related renal damage group is mainly FSGS, and the post-CKD pregnancy group is dominated by IgA nephropathy. Patients with stage CKD1-2 can have an active pregnancy after the well control of eGFR, albumin, 24-hour urinary protein quantity and other indicators, there are better pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Abnormal Scr during pregnancy of pregnancy-related renal damage can be improved after 3 months postpartum.
Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab in Primary PrOgRessive mulTiple sclerosis: a mUlticeNter, retrospective, real-world sTudY (OPPORTUNITY)
Authors: Grazia Clara , Bianco Assunta , Morra Vincenzo Brescia , Calabrese Massimiliano , Capone Fioravante , Cavalla Paola , Comi Cristoforo , Danni Maura Chiara , Filippi Massimo , Iaffaldano Pietro , Lanzillo Roberta , Fermo Salvatore Lo , Lucisano Alessandra , Lus Giacomo , Marfia Gerolama Alessandra , Marinelli Fabiana , Mirabella Massimiliano , Perin Chiara , Moiola Lucia , Realmuto Sabrina , Toscano Simona , Trojano Maria , Vecchio Domizia , Patti Francesco 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ocrelizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody selectively targeting CD20-expressing B cells. The effect of ocrelizumab on primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) has been evaluated during phase 3 trials that enrolled patients under 55 years with a maximum Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of 6.5. However, little is known on older disabled patients with longer of disease duration. We aimed to assess clinical effectiveness of ocrelizumab in PPMS patients out of the ORATORIO eligibility criteria. This multicenter retrospective study collected data about the effectiveness of ocrelizumab in PPMS patients who received treatment between May 2017 and June 2022 in the Italian MS centers contributing to the Italian MS Registry who adhered to compassionate use program. The confirmed EDSS worsening (CEW) (defined as either a ≤ 1-point or ≥ 2-points increase in EDSS score from baseline that was confirmed at T12 and T24) was calculated. At the date of data extraction, out of 887 PPMS patients who had received ocrelizumab, 589 (mean age 49.7±10.7 years, 242 [41.1%) females) were enrolled. The mean follow-up period was 41.3±12.3 months. A total of 149 (25.3%) received ocrelizumab according ORATORIO criteria (ORATORIO group) and 440 (74.7%) outside the ORATORIO criteria (non-ORATORIO group). No differences in terms of cumulative probabilities of 12- and 24-months of CEW of ≤1 point were found between ORATORIO and non-ORATORIO groups. Cox-regression analyses showed that age older than 65 years (HR 2.76, 25%CI 1.10–3.56; p = 0.01) was associated with higher risk of CEW at 24 months. Patients not responding to ORATORIO criteria for reimbursability may benefit from ocrelizumab treatment, thus suggesting to extend the possible use of this powerful agent in selected patients under the age of 65 years.
A new magnetorheological quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation system with large zero stiffness range and highly stable characteristics
Authors: Deng Lei , Sun Shuaishuai , Wu Qihao , Gong Ning , Yang Jiang , Zhang Shiwu , Du Haiping , Li Weihua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Various quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) systems have been developed and applied in the vibration control domain in recent years. However, most QZS systems are usually unstable against external disturbances, and the QZS ranges of them are very limited. To address the above issues, this study develops a highly stable QZS vibration isolation system integrated with magnetorheological fluids (MRFs). The MRFs endow the vibration isolation system with stiffness variability in vertical and lateral directions against external disturbances, which innovatively solves the unstable problem of the QZS system. Meanwhile, the stiffness variability also makes the system adaptable to vibrations with different frequencies, so the system can deliver the best vibration isolation performance in response to various excitations. The system consists of a vertical isolation unit and a lateral isolation unit. Through paralleling a nonlinear positive stiffness QZS component with a nonlinear negative stiffness QZS component in the vertical isolation unit, a large QZS range in the vertical direction and smaller stiffness are realised, thus improving the vibration isolation performance. In this study, the vibration isolation system is designed and prototyped; its QZS characteristics and adjustable stiffness features in both the vertical and lateral directions are experimentally verified; the frequency responses of the system are obtained experimentally; the stability and the vibration isolation performance of the system are also evaluated by experiments. This study provides a solution to overcome the unstable problem of QZS systems and extend the limited QZS range, whilst realising QZS characteristics in both vertical and lateral directions, thus broadening the application of QZS systems.
Individual changes in respiratory compliance upon immersion may predict susceptibility to immersion pulmonary edema.
Authors: Castagna Olivier , Druelle Arnaud , Michoud Guillaume , Prevautel Thibaut , Lacour Jean-René 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Immersion pulmonary edema (IPE) is a frequent diving accident, it is the first cause of hospitalization for young military divers during training. The objective of this study was to identify immersion-induced parameters predicting individual susceptibility to IPE.
Methods Eighteen experienced male divers having completed at least 100 dives were recruited. Eight divers had previously been hospitalized for IPE (IPE), the other ten had never developed IPE (non-IPE). The two groups were matched for age, BMI, and number of dives performed. Ventilatory function and overall compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) were measured on land and during head-out-of-water immersion. Subjects also performed 30 min of fin swimming in a channel at 33m.min-1. Following this exercise, the presence of extravascular lung water (EVLW), revealed by ultrasound lung comets (ULC), was assessed.
Results
In the whole group, the decrease in Crs upon immersion correlated with the immersion-induced alterations to expiratory reserve volume, ERV (r2 = 0.91; p<0.001), inspiratory reserve volume, IRV (r2 = 0.94; p<0.001), and tidal volume,Vt, changes (r2 = 0.43; p<0.003). The number of ULC correlated strongly with immersion-induced changes in ventilatory function ( r2 = 0.818; p<0.001 for ERV, r2 = 0.849; p<0.001 for IRV, r2 = 0.304; p=0.0164 for Vt ) and reduced Crs (r2 = 0.19; p<0.001).
The variations of ERV, IRV, and Crs at rest induced by head-out-of-water immersion and the number of ULC measured after swimming for 30 min were significantly greater in IPE subjects
Conclusion . In the face of similar immersion stresses, the extent of alterations to ventilatory function and the number of ULCs were very different between individuals but remained statistically correlated. These parameters were significantly greater in divers with a history of IPE. Alterations to pulmonary function, and in particular to pulmonary compliance, induced by head-out-of-water immersion, through their effects on work of breathing appear to allow the identification of divers with a greater susceptibility to developing IPE. Measurement of these parameters could therefore be proposed as a predictive test for the risk of developing IPE.
Amplitude-Resolved Single Particle Spectrophotometry: A Robust Tool for High-Throughput Size Characterization of Plasmonic Nanoparticles
Authors: Calvo Rodrigo , Pini Valerio , Thon Andreas , Saad Asís , Salvador-Matar Antonio , Silván Miguel Manso , Ahumada Óscar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in science and industry. Despite the numerous synthesis methods reported in the literature over the last decades, achieving precise control over the size and shape of large nanoparticle populations remains a challenge. Since variations in size and shape significantly affect the plasmonic properties of nanoparticles, accurate metrological techniques to characterize their morphological features are essential. Here, we present a novel spectrophotometric method, called Amplitude-Resolved Single Particle Spectrophotometry that can measure the individual sizes of thousands of particles with nanometric accuracy in just a few minutes. This new method, based on the measurement of the scattering amplitude of each nanoparticle, overcomes some of the limitations observed in previous works and theoretically allows the characterization of nanoparticles of any size. As a proof of concept, we have characterized thousands of spherical nanoparticles of different sizes. This new method shows excellent accuracy, with less than a 3% discrepancy in a direct comparison with transmission electron microscopy. Although the effectiveness of this method has been demonstrated with spherical nanoparticles, its real strength lies in its adaptability to nanoparticles of arbitrary shape and geometry, making it an advantageous alternative to the gold standard of electron microscopy.
Oxygen-loaded microbubble-mediated sonoperfusion and oxygenation for neuroprotection after ischemic stroke reperfusion
Authors: Ho Yi-Ju , Cheng Hsiang-Lung , Liao Lun-De , Lin Yu-Chun , Tsai Hong-Chieh , Yeh Chih-Kuang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke-reperfusion (S/R) injury is a crucial issue in the protection of brain function after thrombolysis. The vasodilation induced by ultrasound (US)-stimulated microbubble cavitation has been applied to reduce S/R injury through sonoperfusion. The present study uses oxygen-loaded microbubbles (OMBs) with US stimulation to provide sonoperfusion and local oxygen therapy for the reduction of brain infarct size and neuroprotection after S/R.
Methods: The murine S/R model was established by photodynamic thrombosis and thrombolysis at the remote branch of the anterior cerebral artery. In vivo blood flow, partial oxygen pressure (pO2), and brain infarct staining were examined to analyze the validity of the animal model and OMB treatment results. The animal behaviors and measurement of the brain infarct area were used to evaluate long-term recovery of brain function.
Results: The percentage of blood flow was 45±3%, 70±3%, and 86±2% after 60 min stroke, 20 min reperfusion, and 10 min OMB treatment, respectively, demonstrating sonoperfusion, and the corresponding pO2 level was 60±1%, 76±2%, and 79±4%, showing reoxygenation. After 14 days of treatment, a 87±3% reduction in brain infarction and recovery of limb coordination were observed in S/R mice. The expression of NF-κB, HIF-1α, IL-1β, and MMP-9 was inhibited and that of eNOS, BDNF, Bcl2, and IL-10 was enhanced, indicating activation of anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis responses and neuroprotection. Our study demonstrated that OMB treatment combines the beneficial effects of sonoperfusion and local oxygen therapy to reduce brain infarction and activate neuroprotection to prevent S/R injury.
Learning curve of intraligamentary anesthesia in dental education: a prospective, cross- sectional trial
Authors: Luhrenberg Philipp , Renders Mirjam , Luhrenberg Felix , Sagheb Keyvan , Kämmerer Peer W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate dental students' learning curve performing intraligamentary anesthesia (ILA) in a prospective cross-sectional preclinical trial using different syringe systems.Methods Dental students performed ILA using three devices (two manual and one computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system [CCLAD]) in two different sessions, each on a second premolar. The success rate was evaluated via a cold test, and students assessed penetration and injection pain using a numeric analog scale. Students' opinions about handling, nervousness, impact, and influence were evaluated via the Likert Scale.Results Seventy-six students participated and performed a total of 339 injections. The overall success rate increased (rate1 = 83.2%; rate2 = 86.0%; p = 0.157) while penetration and injection pain decreased between the first and the second session (pp < 0.01; pi = 0.37). In the second session, the anxiety and handling of each syringe system increased. Undesired reversible side effects occurred in 13% of cases.Conclusion Administering ILA in dental curricula has the potential to reduce students' anxiety levels, improve technical familiarity with ILA, and strengthen self-confidence before their first contact with patients.Clinical Relevance ILA should be implemented in dental education several times using various syringe systems.