bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bullying Victimization and Associations With Substance Use Among US Middle School Students: 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Authors: Barbero Colleen , Vagi Kevin J. , Clayton Heather , Holland Kristin , Hertz Marci , Krause Kathleen H. , Brittingham Rochelle , Bunge Stephanie , Saka Susan M. , Marchessault Nadine , Hynes Nikardi , Green Dan , Spell Les , Monteiro Karine , Murray Kristen , Reilly‐Chammat Rosemary , Tignor Lisha , Mercado Melissa C. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDResearch shows associations between bullying victimization and substance use for teens. However, more research about this relationship for younger adolescents and across race/ethnicity is needed.METHODSPrevalence and pooled logistic regression analyses of 2019 Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from 13 states (N = 74,059 students) examined associations between self‐reported bulling victimization (at school, electronically, and both) and having ever tried cigarette smoking, alcohol, or marijuana; used an electronic vapor product; or misused prescription pain medicine. Regression analyses were adjusted by age and sex/race/ethnicity.RESULTSAll 3 measures of bullying victimization were significantly associated (p < .05) with the 5 substance use behaviors examined (adjusted prevalence ratios ranged from 1.29 to 2.32). These associations held across sexes. Significant associations were found within all 7 race/ethnicity categories, with the most associations reported for the non‐Hispanic (NH) white, NH black or African American, Hispanic/Latino, and NH Asian groups.CONCLUSIONThe association between bullying and substance use by middle school is a highly relevant issue to consider as students return to classrooms.
A novel meningioma with tyrosine‐rich crystals in a 6‐year‐old Great Dane
Authors: Majors Kara , Rocha Savannah M. , Windsor Rebecca , Tjalkens Ronald B. , Engelien Julia , Aboellail Tawfik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 6‐year‐old female spayed Great Dane was evaluated for acute onset cluster seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a mass in the olfactory bulbs with a large mucoid component caudal to the primary mass. The mass was removed via transfrontal craniotomy and histopathology revealed a tyrosine crystalline‐rich, fibrous meningioma with a high mitotic index. Repeat MRI at 6 months showed no detectable tumor regrowth. The dog is clinically normal with no seizures at the time of publication 10 months after surgery. This meningioma subtype is rare in humans. This unique meningioma occurred in a dog of younger age and uncommon breed for intracranial meningioma. Biological progression of this tumor subtype is unknown; however, growth rate might be slow despite the high mitotic index.
Intelligence quotient–genotype association in dystrophinopathies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pascual‐Morena Carlos , Cavero‐Redondo Iván , Sequí‐Domínguez Irene , Rodríguez‐Gutiérrez Eva , Visier‐Alfonso María Eugenia , Martínez‐Vizcaíno Vicente 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsBecker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are associated with intelligence quotients (IQs) lower than the normative values, and it is suggested that IQ is negatively correlated with the number of affected isoforms (i.e., Dp427, Dp140 and Dp71). Therefore, the objective of this meta‐analysis was to estimate the IQ, and the IQ–genotype association according to the altered dystrophin isoforms, in the population with BMD or DMD.MethodsA systematic search in Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to March 2023. Observational studies that determined the IQ and/or the IQ by genotype in the population with BMD or DMD were included. Meta‐analyses of IQ, IQ by genotype and IQ–genotype association by comparing IQ according to the genotype were conducted. The results are shown as the mean/mean differences and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsFifty‐one studies were included. The IQ in BMD was 89.92 (85.84, 94.01) and in DMD was 84.61 (82.97, 86.26). Moreover, the IQ for Dp427−/Dp140+/Dp71+ and Dp427−/Dp140−/Dp71+ was 90.62 (86.72, 94.53) and 80.73 (67.49, 93.98) in BMD, while the IQ for Dp427−/Dp140+/Dp71+, Dp427−/Dp140−/Dp71+ and Dp427−/Dp140−/Dp71− was 93.05 (89.42, 96.67), 81.78 (77.23, 86.32) and 49.19 (40.47, 57.90) in DMD. Finally, in DMD, Dp427−/Dp140−/Dp71+ vs Dp427−/Dp140+/Dp71+ and Dp427−/Dp140−/Dp71− vs Dp427−/Dp140−/Dp71+ were associated with −10.73 (−14.66, −6.81) and −36.14 (−48.87, −23.41) points, respectively.ConclusionsThe IQ in BMD and DMD was lower than the normative values. Moreover, in DMD, there is a synergistic association between the number of affected isoforms and IQ.
A Gadamerian approach to nursing: Merging philosophy with practice
Authors: Rentmeester Casey , Liebzeit Meghan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhilosophy is commonly criticized for being too abstract and detached from practical spheres. Upon chronicling how philosophy has gained this reputation, the authors explore the philosophical fields of phenomenology and hermeneutics that have explicitly attempted to merge philosophy with everyday life contexts. In recent decades, phenomenology and hermeneutics have been applied to healthcare. In the realm of nursing, Patricia Benner's nursing theory is especially informed by phenomenology, which is briefly explored through her relationship with one of her mentors, the philosopher Hubert Dreyfus. The authors then turn their attention to Hans‐Georg Gadamer's philosophy in an attempt to mine concepts relevant to the practice of nursing. Gadamer juxtaposed the human sciences from the natural sciences and thought that both needed different approaches: whereas natural sciences are guided by episteme, that is, universal knowledge, human sciences are guided by phronesis, that is, practical wisdom. Gadamer's philosophy is especially helpful in understanding how to cultivate phronesis in nursing wherein a nurse relies upon one's clinical experience to masterfully navigate each unique patient relationship. Nurses must serve as authorities in the realm of healthcare but also be open to the authority of their patients, who ultimately choose their course of treatment in our contemporary era of patient autonomy. Gadamer's philosophy can help us understand why phronesis requires not only practice but also reflection on that practice to be appropriately cultivated. The authors apply this to the realm of nursing in showing how both practice—clinically and via simulation—and reflection—through journaling or dialogue—are necessary for phronesis to emerge.
What does the evidence tell us about merit principles and government performance?
Authors: Oliveira Eloy , Abner Gordon , Lee Shinwoo , Suzuki Kohei , Hur Hyunkang , Perry James L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn October 2020, President Donald Trump sought to convert many US federal civil servants to at‐will employees by executive order. Trump's initiative, referred to as Schedule F, has stimulated a partisan debate about dismantling the merit system in the US federal government. A substantial international body of evidence has developed during the last three decades about the effects of administrative practices associated with meritocracy and the likely consequences of changes to civil service systems, such as those embedded in Schedule F. This article employs guidelines established under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) to conduct a systematic review of the evidence to address the question: What does the evidence tell us about merit principles and government performance? This systematic review summarizes what empirical research tells us about effects of civil service practices, such as meritocratic appointments, meritocratic advancement, and tenure protection, for government performance and the quality of government. The findings indicate that factors such as meritocratic appointments/recruitment, tenure protection, impartiality, and professionalism are strongly associated with higher government performance and lower corruption. We conclude by discussing implications of our findings for public policy and management and for future research.
Recent advances in the genetics underlying wheat grain protein content and grain protein deviation in hexaploid wheat
Authors: Paina C. , Gregersen P. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWheat is one of the most important global crops and selection for better performance has been ongoing since ancient times. As a quantitative trait controlled by the interplay of several genomic loci and under the strong influence of the environment, grain protein content (GPC) is of major interest in breeding programs. Here, we review the most recent contributions to the genetics underlying wheat GPC and grain protein deviation (GPD, representing the relationship between grain protein content and yield), together with the performance of genomic prediction models characterizing these traits. A total of 364 significant loci related to GPC and GPD are positioned on the hexaploid wheat genome, highlighting genomic regions where significant independent QTL overlap, with special focus on two regions located on chromosomes 3A and 5A. Some of the corresponding homoeologous sequences co‐locate with significant independent QTL reported on the B and D subgenomes. Overlapping independent QTL from different studies are indicative of genomic regions exhibiting stability across environments and genotypes, with promising candidates for improving grain quality.
Families of patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia notice progression from symptoms of disorientation and visual memory disturbance
Authors: Honjo Yasuyuki , Kawasaki Ippei , Nagai Kuniaki , Harada Shun , Ogawa Noriyuki 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is the most common cognitive disease, but patients’ families may notice some symptoms yet not recognise that they indicate ADD. This study investigated the symptoms that families notice as ADD as the disease progresses.MethodsNew outpatients diagnosed with ADD (n = 315) at five memory clinics completed two cognitive assessments, the Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS‐R) and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). During an interview, family members completed the Functional Assessment Staging Test (FAST), an observational assessment tool that classifies ADD progression into seven stages. We then examined the relationship of the family‐assessed FAST score with clinician‐assessed HDS‐R and MMSE domain scores by comparing between patients with FAST 1–3 and FAST 4–7. Next, we divided the FAST 4–7 group into the FAST 4–5 and FAST 6–7 subgroups and divided the FAST 1–3 group into the FAST 1–2 and FAST 3 subgroups.ResultsSurprisingly, half of the families did not recognise that the symptoms indicated ADD. Scores for orientation of time and place on the HDS‐R and MMSE and for visual memory on the HDS‐R were significantly related to family‐assessed FAST score. Moreover, the orientation of time and place score on both scales and visual memory on the HDS‐R were significantly worse in the FAST 4–7 group than in FAST 1–3 group. In the FAST 4–7 group, scores for age on the HDS‐R and for reading and drawing on the MMSE were significantly worse in the FAST 6–7 subgroup. In the analysis of the FAST 1–3 group, there was no significant difference among the HDS‐R and MMSE domains between the FAST 1–2 and FAST 3 subgroups.ConclusionsFamily members of patients with ADD tend to notice the progression of ADD from the symptoms of disorientation and visual memory.
Causes of pregnancy arrest in the canine species
Authors: Fontbonne Alain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the canine species, early pregnancy arrest before 30–40 days of pregnancy will induce intra‐uterine embryonic or foetal resorption, with very few clinical signs. If no genital examination by ultrasound is performed at that time, it will often remain unnoticed and the bitch will be qualified as infertile. It is only when pregnancy stops at a later stage, mostly after 40 days, that clinical signs will be seen. Expulsion of aborted foetuses or placentas may be observed, although the dam frequently eats the expelled tissues. Intra‐uterine mummification may also occur. This article reviews the causes of pregnancy termination in the bitch, both at the embryonic and the foetal stages, reported in the literature. Canine brucellosis is by far the most important disease concerned in this aspect. There is an important current concern about this disease, due to the fact that several outbreaks have been observed recently in Europe, and that it is a very contagious disease; it may be an underestimated zoonosis. Other bacterial causes of pregnancy arrest are sporadic. There is, however, a growing attention towards the microbiological content of raw food diets which are more and more popular among dog breeders and may—if badly prepared—contain abortifacient bacteria such asCampylobacter jejuniorListeria monocytogenes. The abortifacient role of endogenous vaginal bacteria and mycoplasms remains unclear and may be related to an imbalanced vaginal flora with subsequent ascending bacterial contamination of the uterus. The role of Canine Herpesvirus on abortion is controversial and probably not frequent. Other viruses have been shown experimentally to induce abortion but their natural occurrence in this respect remains unknown. The same applies to the parasiteNeospora caninumwhich is suspected, but not proven, potentially to induce pregnancy arrest in bitches. Among non‐infectious causes, uterine pathology such as cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) or sub‐clinical post‐mating endometritis which can cause infertility and may also induce embryonic resorption. The role of luteal insufficiency in pregnancy arrest is probably overestimated.
Mammary carcinoma: Comparative oncology between small animals and humans—New therapeutic tools
Authors: Frénel Jean‐Sébastien , Nguyen Frédérique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe poor outcomes associated with mammary carcinomas (MCs) in dogs and cats in terms of locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis and survival, highlight the need for better management of mammary cancers in small animals. By contrast, the outcomes of women with breast cancer (BC) have dramatically improved during the last 10 years, notably thanks to new therapeutic strategies. The aim of this article was to imagine what could be the future of therapy for dogs and cats with MCs if it became inspired from current practices in human BC. This article focuses on the importance of taking into account cancer stage and cancer subtypes in therapeutic plans, on locoregional treatments (surgery, radiation therapy), new developments in endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy. Ideally, multimodal treatment regimens would be chosen according to cancer stage and cancer subtypes, and according to predictive factors that are still to be defined.
Attachment security and how to get it
Authors: Chopik William J. , Weidmann Rebekka , Oh Jeewon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAttachment theory has become a dominant framework for understanding people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors with respect to close relationships. People often want to and are motivated to improve their personalities and their relationships. Can attachment orientations change across the lifespan? And if so, what facilitates change? Will insecure people stay insecurely attached across their life or is there hope for change? The current review provides a bird's eye view of the research on how and why attachment orientations change in adulthood. We provide some descriptive information for how attachment changes across the lifespan and how much of this variation is attributable to early life experiences. Then, we focus on the processes that are thought to engender attachment‐related changes over time. Finally, we provide some directions for future research to help fill some holes in the field's understanding about attachment orientations and how they change over time.
Prosocial orientation and COVID‐19 vaccine willingness in the U.S.
Authors: Canevello Amy , Jiang Tao , Magid Kirby , Perry Jasmine , Crocker Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite evidence of the safety and effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines and their wide availability, many in the U.S. are not vaccinated. Research demonstrates that prosocial orientations predict COVID‐19 health behaviors (e.g., social distancing) and vaccination intentions, however, little work has examined COVID‐19 vaccination willingness in the U.S. since vaccines were approved. Findings from two U.S. samples show that, in contrast to other COVID‐19 health behaviors, vaccine willingness in unvaccinated people is unrelated to prosocial orientation. Study 2 demonstrates that the lack of association between vaccine willingness and prosocial orientation in unvaccinated participants was specific to those with stronger beliefs that COVID‐19 vaccines are ineffective. Thus, in prosocial people, perceptions of vaccines' ineffectiveness may undermine COVID‐19 vaccine willingness.
Agree and the subjects of specificational clauses
Authors: Bejar Susana , Kahnemuyipour Arsalan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article investigates agreement in Persian sentences with a specificational copular clause embedded under the epistemic modal tavānestan ‘can’. We argue that this structure is a raising structure. It exhibits agreement on both the embedded and modal verbs. Crucially, while the subject fails to control agreement in the embedded clause, it successfully controls agreement on the modal. We argue that the subject's failure to form an Agree relation in the embedded specificational clause is due to its defective feature structure, resulting in agreement with the lower noun phrase instead, this being an accessible goal as well. In the matrix clause, the lower noun phrase is inaccessible, due to the presence of an intervening domain boundary. This triggers probe reduction, a process that impoverishes the feature structure of the probe, expanding the set of possible goals to include the subject. We extend this analysis to subject agreement in simple specificational clauses in languages like English.
Tuberculosis in pregnancy
Authors: Raveendran Ainharan , Keepanasseril Anish , Balu Ravi Kumar , Shetty Ashalatha , Chetty Mahendran 
Published: June 2023

Key content
Tuberculosis (TB) is an important global cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
With increasing migration, cases of tuberculosis in pregnancy or the puerperium are increasing in resource‐rich nations with advanced health care systems.
Diagnosis may be delayed given the overlap of some of the symptoms with that of pregnancy.
Timely diagnosis is essential to initiate appropriate treatment and prevent maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Learning objectives
To understand the relevant global and UK epidemiology of the disease, including recent goals set by the World Health Organization and the UK.
To review the pathophysiology of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, and of latent and active TB.
To learn how to identify high‐risk women for antenatal assessment and gain an awareness of the screening tests available for latent TB.
To gain awareness of the clinical symptoms, diagnosis and therapeutic management of active tuberculosis, including management of any drug resistance.
To understand management of the neonate within high‐risk groups and where the mothers have diagnosed latent or active TB.
Ethical issues
Pregnant women with TB should be fully counselled about the benefits, risks, and alternate options of management.
Should healthcare professionals with high risk of acquiring TB infection be exempt from managing TB infection?
Management of TB in HIV‐positive women provides additional challenges.
Breastfeeding issues around seropositive mothers should be considered.
Kinematics and Trajectory Planning of the Masonry Robot
Authors: Zhao Jing-Shan , Wei Song-Tao , Sun Xiao-Cheng , Ji Jun-Jie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a mechanical system for a masonry robot comprising four parts: an omnidirectional mobile platform, a lifting platform, a six-degrees-of-freedom manipulator, and a grasping mechanism. The robot is specifically designed to carry out brick masonry on construction sites and is equipped to move bricks smoothly with slurry to their intended location. To prevent mortar from being shaken off the brick, the grasping mechanism is required to maintain optimal velocity and optimized acceleration. To implement online trajectory planning with velocity and acceleration constraints, the paper suggests an approach based on screw theory for resolving the inverse kinematics of the masonry robot. This method allows the inverse kinematic equations to be used to determine a unique solution for all joints of the redundant driver of the masonry robot. The approach and strategy are validated through numerical simulations of trajectory planning using a fifth-degree polynomial.
Tribological Performance and In Situ-Generated Oxidative Layer of Cobalt-Based Alloy From 25 °C to 800 °C
Authors: Huang Hui , Yi Gewen , Wan Shanhong , Kong Charlie , Pham Sang T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe friction and wear performances of Haynes 25 alloy sliding against Si3N4 in a ball-on-disk configuration are investigated from room temperature (RT) to 800 °C. The friction-induced changes of morphology and chemical composition in the surface and subsurface regions of the wear tracks were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the friction coefficient (COF) decreases considerably via temperature, while the wear-rate increases and then decreases with temperature. During dry-sliding contact, the spontaneous formation of multiple metal oxides on the rubbing surface varies as a function of the test temperature, being responsible for either wear loss and/or a change of friction coefficient. The results of this study indicate that the presence of the glazed surface of Haynes 25 helps to lower friction. At 800 °C, a glaze layer with a multilayer structure appears on the rubbing surfaces, leading to the lowest friction coefficient and wear-rate.