bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Support needs around the time of diagnosis of parents caring for an infant with visual impairment or blindness in Denmark: a qualitative study
Authors: Milde Nina , Rasmussen Annette , Nissen Kamilla , Kessel Line 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe whole family is affected when an infant is diagnosed with visual impairment or blindness. We aimed to describe the support needs of parents around the time of diagnosis.DesignWe used a descriptive qualitative method based on the theory of critical psychology and conducted five semistructured interviews with a total of eight parents of children under the age of 2 years who had been diagnosed with blindness or visual impairment before the age of 1 year. Thematic analysis was used to extract primary themes.SettingThe study was initiated by a tertiary hospital centre specialised in the ophthalmic management of children and adults with visual impairment.ParticipantsEight parents representing five families caring for a child under the age of 2 years with visual impairment or blindness participated in the study. The parents were recruited from the Department of Ophthalmology at Rigshospitalet, Denmark in relation to appointments in the clinic or by phone or email.ResultsWe identified three themes: (1) recognition and reactions during the time of diagnosis; (2) family, network and struggles; and (3) interaction with healthcare professionals.ConclusionThe main lesson for healthcare professionals is to bring hope at a time when all hope may seem to be lost. Second, a need to direct attention to families with no or sparse supportive networks. Third, coordinating appointments between hospital departments and at-home therapies and reducing the number of appointments to allow parents time to establish a family relation with their child. Parents respond well to competent healthcare professionals who keep them informed and who see their child as an individual rather than as a diagnosis.
Issues in patients’ experiences of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) : a systematic review of qualitative evidence
Authors: Wang Dan , Hu Yanjie , Liu Kai , Liu Zhenmi , Chen Xinrong , Cao Liujiao , Zhang Weihan , Li Ka , Hu Jiankun 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo explore patients’ experiences of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and to identify issues in the implementation of ERAS from the patient’s perspective.DesignThe systematic review and qualitative analysis were based on the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for conducting synthesis.Data sourcesRelevant studies published in four databases, that is, Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid Embase and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched, and some studies were supplemented by key authors and reference lists.Study selectionThirty-one studies were identified, involving 1069 surgical patients enrolled in the ERAS programme. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated based on the Population, Interest of phenomena, Context, Study design criteria recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute to determine the scope of article retrieval. The inclusion criteria were as follows: ERAS patients’ experiences; qualitative data; English language and published from January 1990 to August 2021.Data extractionData were extracted from relevant studies using the standardised data extraction tool from Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument for qualitative research.Data synthesisThe themes in the structure dimension are as follows: (1) patients cared about the timeliness of healthcare professionals’ help; (2) patients cared about the professionalism of family care; and (3) patients misunderstood and worried about the safety of ERAS. The themes in the process dimension are as follows: (1) patients needed adequate and accurate information from healthcare professionals; (2) patients needed to communicate adequately with healthcare professionals; (3) patients hoped to develop a personalised treatment plan and (4) patients required ongoing follow-up services. The theme in the outcome dimension is as follows: patients wanted to effectively improve severe postoperative symptoms.ConclusionsEvaluating ERAS from the patient’s perspective can reveal the omissions and deficiencies of healthcare professionals in clinical care so that problems in patients’ recovery process can be solved in a timely manner, reducing potential barriers to the implementation of ERAS.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021278631.
Child and family experiences of a whole-systems approach to physical activity in a multiethnic UK city: a citizen science evaluation protocol
Authors: Frazer Marie , Seims Amanda , Tatterton Michael J , Lockyer Bridget , Bingham Daniel , Barber Sally , Daly-Smith Andy , Hall Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionWhole-systems approaches are being adopted to tackle physical inactivity. The mechanisms contributing to changes resulting from whole-systems approaches are not fully understood. The voices of children and families that these approaches are designed for need to be heard to understand what is working, for whom, where and in what context. This paper describes the protocol for the children and families’ citizen science evaluation of the Join Us: Move, Play (JU:MP) programme, a whole-systems approach to increasing physical activity in children and young people aged 5–14 years in Bradford, UK.Methods and analysisThe evaluation aims to understand the lived experiences of children and families’ relationship with physical activity and participation in the JU:MP programme. The study takes a collaborative and contributory citizen science approach, including focus groups, parent–child dyad interviews and participatory research. Feedback and data will guide changes within this study and the JU:MP programme. We also aim to examine participant experience of citizen science and the suitability of a citizen science approach to evaluate a whole-systems approach. Data will be analysed using framework approach alongside iterative analysis with and by citizen scientists in the collaborative citizen science study.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by the University of Bradford: study one (E891—focus groups as part of the control trial, E982—parent–child dyad interviews) and study two (E992). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and summaries will be provided to the participants, through schools or directly. The citizen scientists will provide input to create further dissemination opportunities.
NADPH oxidase 4 deficiency attenuates experimental osteoarthritis in mice
Authors: Renaudin Félix , Oudina Karim , Gerbaix Maude , McGilligan Subilia Manon , Paccaud Joris , Jaquet Vincent , Krause Karl-Heinz , Ferrari Serge , Laumonier Thomas , Hannouche Didier 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveLow-grade inflammation plays a pivotal role in osteoarthritis (OA) through exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS). In chondrocytes, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is one of the major ROS producers. In this study, we evaluated the role of NOX4 on joint homoeostasis after destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) in mice.MethodsExperimental OA was simulated on cartilage explants using interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and induced by DMM in wild-type (WT) and NOX4 knockout (NOX4-/-) mice. We evaluated NOX4 expression, inflammation, cartilage metabolism and oxidative stress by immunohistochemistry. Bone phenotype was also determined by micro-CT and histomorphometry.ResultsWhole body NOX4 deletion attenuated experimental OA in mice, with a significant reduction of the OARSI score at 8 weeks. DMM increased total subchondral bone plate (SB.Th), epiphysial trabecular thicknesses (Tb.Th) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV) in both NOX4-/-and wild-type (WT) mice. Interestingly, DDM decreased total connectivity density (Conn.Dens) and increased medial BV/TV and Tb.Th only in WT mice. Ex vivo, NOX4 deficiency increased aggrecan (AGG) expression and decreased matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and collagen type I (COL1) expression. IL-1β increased NOX4 and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression in WT cartilage explants but not in NOX4-/-. In vivo, absence of NOX4 increased anabolism and decreased catabolism after DMM. Finally, NOX4 deletion decreased synovitis score, 8-OHdG and F4/80 staining following DMM.ConclusionNOX4 deficiency restores cartilage homoeostasis, inhibits oxidative stress, inflammation and delays OA progression after DMM in mice. These findings suggest that NOX4 represent a potential target to counteract for OA treatment.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Dorsal Fracture–Dislocation of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Using a Plate: A Series of 37 Patients
Authors: IKEDA Masayoshi , SERIGANO Kenji , KOBAYASHI Yuka , SAITO Ikuo , ISHII Takayuki , NAKAJIMA Daisuke 
Published: February 2023

Background: Open reduction and internal fixation with a plate is one of the alternative treatments for fracture–dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. However, it does not always lead to satisfactory results. The aim of this cohort study is to describe the surgical procedure and discuss the factors affecting the treatment results. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 37 cases of consecutive unstable dorsal fracture–dislocation of the PIP joint treated using a mini-plate. The volar fragments were sandwiched with a plate and dorsal cortex, and screws were used as subchondral support. The average rate of articular involvement was 55.5%. Five patients had concomitant injuries. The mean age of the patients was 40.6 years. Mean time between injury and operation was 11.1 days. The average postoperative follow-up duration was 11 months. Active ranges of motion, % total active motion (TAM) were evaluated postoperatively. The patients were divided into two groups according from Strickland score and Gaine score. Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney U test and a logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the factors affecting the results. Results: The average active flexion, flexion contracture at the PIP joint, and % TAM were 86.3°, 10.5° and 80.6%, respectively. Group I included 24 patients who had both excellent and good scores. Group II included 13 patients who had neither excellent nor good scores. When the groups were compared, there was no significant relationship between the type of fracture–dislocation and the extent of articular involvement. There were significant associations between outcomes and patient age, period from injury to surgical intervention and presence of concomitant injuries. Conclusions: We concluded that meticulous surgical technique leads to satisfactory results. However, factors, including the patient’s age, time from injury to surgery and the presence of concomitant injuries needing adjacent joint immobilisation, contribute to unsatisfactory outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Intraneural Ganglion of the Thumb Digital Nerve – A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: MAGTOTO Ian Jason , MURAMATSU Keiichi , KOBAYASHI Masato , SUGIMOTO Hideaki 
Published: February 2023

Intraneural ganglia are rare, benign cysts that form within the epineurium of the affected nerve. Patients present with features of compressive neuropathy, including numbness. We report a 74-year-old male patient with pain and numbness on his right thumb of 1-year duration. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion with a possible scaphotrapezium-trapezoid joint connection. The articular branch was not identified during the surgery and decompression with excision of the cyst wall was done. A recurrence of the mass was noted 3 years later, but the patient was asymptomatic and no additional intervention was done. Decompression alone can relieve the symptoms of an intraneural ganglion, but excision of the articular branch may be essential in preventing its recurrence. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Familial Associations of Complete Atrioventricular Block: A National Family Study in Sweden
Authors: Fedorowski Artur , Rosengren Per , Pirouzifard Mirnabi , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina , Sutton Richard , Zöller Bengt 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is a major reason for implantation of permanent pacemakers, but knowledge of CAVB inheritance is sparse. This nationwide study aimed to determine the occurrence of CAVB in first-, second-, and third-degree relatives (full siblings, half-siblings, and cousins).

Methods:
The Swedish multigeneration register was linked to the Swedish nationwide patient register for the period 1997 to 2012. All Swedish full sibling, half-sibling, and cousin pairs born to Swedish parents between 1932 and 2012 were included. Competing risks and time-to-event, subdistributional hazard ratios (SHRs) according to Fine and Gray and hazard ratios using Cox proportional hazards model were estimated using robust SEs and considering the relatedness of relatives (full siblings, half-siblings, cousins). Additionally, odds ratios (ORs) for CAVB were calculated for traditional cardiovascular comorbidities.

Results:
The study population (N=6 113 761) consisted of 5 382  928 full siblings, 1 266  391 half-siblings, and 3 750 913 cousins. In total, 6442 (0.11%) unique individuals were diagnosed with CAVB. Of these, 4200 (65.2%) were males. SHRs for CAVB were 2.91 for full siblings (95% CI, 2.43–3.49), 1.51 for half-siblings (0.56–4.10), and 3.54 for cousins (1.73–7.26) of affected individuals. Age-stratified analysis showed higher risk in young individuals born from 1947 to 1986: SHR, 5.30 (3.78–7.43) for full siblings, SHR, 3.30 (1.06–10.31) for half-siblings, and SHR, 3.15 (1.39–7.17) for cousins. Similar familial HRs according to Cox proportional hazard model and ORs were obtained without any major differences. Apart from familial relationship, CAVB was associated with hypertension (OR, 1.83), diabetes (OR, 1.41), coronary heart disease (OR, 2.08), heart failure (OR, 5.01), and structural heart disease (OR, 4.59).

Conclusions:
Risk of CAVB among relatives of affected individuals depends on relationship degree, being strongest in young siblings. The familial association extending to third-degree relatives indicates presence of genetic components in the cause of CAVB.
Computed Tomography Radiomics Model Predicts Procedure Success of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions
Authors: Ling Runjianya , Chen Xiuyu , Yu Yarong , Yu Lihua , Yang Wenyi , Xu Zhihan , Li Yuehua , Zhang Jiayin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography imaging is useful for the preprocedural evaluation of chronic total occlusion (CTO). However, the predictive value of CT radiomics model for successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been studied. We aimed to develop and validate a CT radiomics model for predicting PCI success of CTOs.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, a radiomics-based model for predicting PCI success was developed on the training and internal validation sets of 202 and 98 patients with CTO, collected from 1 tertiary hospital. The proposed model was validated on an external test set of 75 CTO patients enrolled from another tertiary hospital. CT radiomics features of each CTO lesion were manually labeled and extracted. Other anatomical parameters, including occlusion length, entry morphology, tortuosity, and calcification burden, were also measured. Fifteen radiomics features, 2 quantitative plaque features, and CT-derived Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan score were used to train different models. The predictive values of each model were evaluated for predicting revascularization success.

Results:

In the external test set, 75 patients (60 men; 65 years [58.5, 71.5]) with 83 CTO lesions were assessed. Occlusion length was shorter (13.00 mm versus 29.30 mm,
P
=0.007) in PCI success group whereas the presence of tortuous course was more commonly presented in PCI failure group (1.49% versus 25.00%,
P
=0.004). The radiomics score was significantly smaller in PCI success group (0.10 versus 0.55,
P
<0.001). The area under the curve of CT radiomics-based model was significantly higher than that of CT-derived Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan score for predicting PCI success (area under the curve=0.920 versus 0.752,
P
=0.008). The proposed radiomics model accurately identified 89.16% (74/83) CTO lesions with procedure success.

Conclusions:
CT radiomics-based model outperformed CT-derived Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan score for predicting PCI success. The proposed model is more accurate than the conventional anatomical parameters to identify CTO lesions with PCI success.
Cardiovascular Benefits of Icosapent Ethyl in Patients With and Without Atrial Fibrillation in REDUCE‐IT
Authors: Olshansky Brian , Bhatt Deepak L. , Miller Michael , Steg Ph. Gabriel , Brinton Eliot A. , Jacobson Terry A. , Ketchum Steven B. , Doyle Ralph T. , Juliano Rebecca A. , Jiao Lixia , Kowey Peter R. , Reiffel James A. , Tardif Jean‐Claude , Ballantyne Christie M. , Chung Mina K. ,   the REDUCE‐IT Investigators
Published: February 2023

Background

In REDUCE‐IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl–Intervention Trial), icosapent ethyl (IPE) versus placebo) reduced cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, or unstable angina requiring hospitalization, but was associated with increased atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF) hospitalization (3.1% IPE versus 2.1% placebo;
P
=0.004).

Methods and Results

We performed post hoc efficacy and safety analyses of patients with or without prior AF (before randomization) and with or without in‐study time‐varying AF hospitalization to assess relationships of IPE (versus placebo) and outcomes. In‐study AF hospitalization event rates were higher in patients with prior AF (12.5% versus 6.3%, IPE versus placebo;
P
=0.007) versus without prior AF (2.2% versus 1.6%, IPE versus placebo;
P
=0.09). Serious bleeding rates trended higher in patients with (7.3% versus 6.0%, IPE versus placebo;
P
=0.59) versus without prior AF (2.3% versus 1.7%, IPE versus placebo;
P
=0.08). With IPE, serious bleeding trended higher regardless of prior AF (interaction
P
value [
P
int
]=0.61) or postrandomization AF hospitalization (
P
int
=0.66). Patients with prior AF (n=751, 9.2%) versus without prior AF (n=7428, 90.8%) had similar relative risk reductions of the primary composite and key secondary composite end points with IPE versus placebo (
P
int
=0.37 and
P
int
=0.55, respectively).

Conclusions
In REDUCE‐IT, in‐study AF hospitalization rates were higher in patients with prior AF especially in those randomized to IPE. Although serious bleeding trended higher in those randomized to IPE versus placebo over the course of the study, serious bleeding was not different regardless of prior AF or in‐study AF hospitalization. Patients with prior AF or in‐study AF hospitalization had consistent relative risk reductions across primary, key secondary, and stroke end points with IPE.

Registration

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01492361
; Unique Identifier: NCT01492361
Sex Differences in the Association Between Hypertension and Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kanazawa Satoshi , Kaneko Hidehiro , Yano Yuichiro , Suzuki Yuta , Okada Akira , Matsuoka Satoshi , Fujiu Katsuhito , Michihata Nobuaki , Jo Taisuke , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Node Koichi , Yasunaga Hideo , Komuro Issei 
Published: February 2023

Background
Limited evidence is available on sex differences about the association between hypertension and incident atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods and Results

We used a nationwide health checkup and claims database to analyze 3 383 738 adults (median age, 43 (36–51) years, 57.4% men). We investigated the relationship between hypertension and incident AF in men and women using a Cox regression model. We used restricted cubic spline functions to identify the association of blood pressure (BP) as a continuous parameter with incident AF. We categorized the men and women into 4 groups according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association BP guidelines. During a mean follow‐up of 1199±950 days, 13 263 AF diagnoses were recorded. The incidence (95% CI) of AF was 15.8 (15.5–16.1) per 10 000 person‐years in men and 6.1 (5.9–6.3) per 10 000 person‐years in women. Compared with normal BP, elevated BP, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension were associated with an increased risk AF in both men and women. However, the hazard ratios were greater in women than in men, and the
P
value for interactions in the multivariable model was 0.0076. The models using restricted cubic spline showed that the risk of AF associated with elevated systolic BP increased steeply above an approximate threshold of systolic BP of 130 mm Hg in men and 100 mm Hg in women. Although our primary findings were consistent across subgroup analyses, this association was most significant in younger individuals.

Conclusions
Although the incidence of AF was higher in men, the association between hypertension and incident AF was more pronounced in women than in men, suggesting a potential sex difference in the relationship between hypertension and incident AF.
Liraglutide Accelerates Ischemia‐Induced Angiogenesis in a Murine Diabetic Model
Authors: Zhu Yu‐xin , Li Yi , Ma Yu , Zhang Xiao , Du Xingrong , Gao Jiali , Ding Nian Hui , Wang Liqun , Chen Ni , Luo Mao , Wu Jianbo , Li Rong 
Published: February 2023

Background
Severe hindlimb ischemia is a chronic disease with poor prognosis that can lead to amputation or even death. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of liraglutide on hind‐limb ischemia in type 2 diabetic mice and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods and Results
Blood flow reperfusion and capillary densities after treatment with liraglutide or vehicle were evaluated in a mouse model of lower‐limb ischemia in a normal background or a background of streptozotocin‐induced diabetes. The proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were analyzed in vitro upon treatment with liraglutide under normal‐glucose and high‐glucose conditions. Levels of phospho‐Akt, phospho‐endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and phospho‐extracellular signal‐related kinases 1 and 2 under different conditions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in ischemic muscle were determined by western blotting. Liraglutide significantly improved perfusion recovery and capillary density in both nondiabetic and diabetic mice. Liraglutide also promoted, in a concentration‐dependent manner, the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of normal glucose– and high glucose–treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells, as well as the phosphorylation of Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and extracellular signal‐related kinases 1 and 2 both in vitro and in vivo. The liraglutide antagonist exendin (9–39) reversed the promoting effects of liraglutide on human umbilical vein endothelial cell functions. Furthermore, exendin (9–39), LY294002, and PD98059 blocked the liraglutide‐induced activation of Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase and extracellular signal‐related kinases 1 and 2 signaling pathways.

Conclusions
These studies identified a novel role of liraglutide in modulating ischemia‐induced angiogenesis, possibly through effects on endothelial cell function and activation of Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase and extracellular signal‐related kinases 1 and 2 signaling, and suggested the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor may be an important therapeutic target in diabetic hind‐limb ischemia.