bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) differentially modifies the in vitro gut microbiota in an age-dependent manner
Authors: Mahalak Karley K. , Firrman Jenni , Narrowe Adrienne B. , Hu Weiming , Jones Steven M. , Bittinger Kyle , Moustafa Ahmed M. , Liu LinShu 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionFructooligosaccharides (FOS) are well-known carbohydrates that promote healthy gut microbiota and have been previously demonstrated to enhance levels of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Its bifidogenic properties are associated with positive health outcomes such as reduced obesity and anti-inflammatory properties, and, therefore, is in use as a prebiotic supplement to support healthy gut microbiota. However, the gut microbiota changes with age, which may lead to differential responses to treatments with prebiotics and other dietary supplements.MethodsTo address this concern, we implemented a 24-h in vitro culturing method to determine whether FOS treatment in three different adult age groups would have a differential effect. The age groups of interest ranged from 25 to 70 years and were split into young adults, adults, and older adults for the purposes of this analysis. Metagenomics and short-chain fatty acid analysis were performed to determine changes in the structure and function of the microbial communities.ResultsThese analyses found that FOS created a bifidogenic response in all age groups, increased overall SCFA levels, decreased alpha diversity, and shifted the communities to be more similar in beta diversity metrics. However, the age groups differed in which taxa were most prevalent or most affected by FOS treatment.DiscussionOverall, the results of this study demonstrate the positive effects of FOS on the gut microbiome, and importantly, how age may play a role in the effectiveness of this prebiotic.
Development and validation of risk prediction model for identifying 30-day frailty in older inpatients with undernutrition: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Liu Hongpeng , Li Cheng , Jiao Jing , Wu Xinjuan , Zhu Minglei , Wen Xianxiu , Jin Jingfen , Wang Hui , Lv Dongmei , Zhao Shengxiu , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Zhu Dawei 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo develop and externally validate a frailty prediction model integrating physical factors, psychological variables and routine laboratory test parameters to predict the 30-day frailty risk in older adults with undernutrition.MethodsBased on an ongoing survey of geriatrics syndrome in elder adults across China (SGSE), this prognostic study identified the putative prognostic indicators for predicting the 30-day frailty risk of older adults with undernutrition. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis with backward elimination, the predictive model was subjected to internal (bootstrap) and external validation, and its calibration was evaluated by the calibration slope and its C statistic discriminative ability. The model derivation and model validation cohorts were collected between October 2018 and February 2019 from a prospective, large-scale cohort study of hospitalized older adults in tertiary hospitals in China. The modeling derivation cohort data (n = 2,194) were based on the SGSE data comprising southwest Sichuan Province, northern Beijing municipality, northwest Qinghai Province, northeast Heilongjiang Province, and eastern Zhejiang Province, with SGSE data from Hubei Province used to externally validate the model (validation cohort, n = 648).ResultsThe incidence of frailty in the older undernutrition derivation cohort was 13.54% and 13.43% in the validation cohort. The final model developed to estimate the individual predicted risk of 30-day frailty was presented as a regression formula: predicted risk of 30-day frailty = [1/(1+e−riskscore)], where riskscore = −0.106 + 0.034 × age + 0.796 × sex −0.361 × vision dysfunction + 0.373 × hearing dysfunction + 0.408 × urination dysfunction – 0.012 × ADL + 0.064 × depression – 0.139 × nutritional status – 0.007 × hemoglobin – 0.034 × serum albumin – 0.012 × (male: ADL). Area under the curve (AUC) of 0.71 in the derivation cohort, and discrimination of the model were similar in both cohorts, with a C statistic of nearly 0.7, with excellent calibration of observed and predicted risks.ConclusionA new prediction model that quantifies the absolute risk of frailty of older patients suffering from undernutrition was developed and externally validated. Based on physical, psychological, and biological variables, the model provides an important assessment tool to provide different healthcare needs at different times for undernutrition frailty patients.Clinical trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry [ChiCTR1800017682].
Efficacy and safety evaluation of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for resectable non–small cell lung cancer in real world
Authors: Fang Min , Hang Qingqing , Jiang Haitao , Cai Lei , Hu Jinlin , Ying Hangjie , Gu Qing , Yu Xiaofu , Liu Jinshi , Lai Xiaojing 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThe combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy has shown great efficacy in stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is now widely used in clinical treatment strategy. This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for resectable NSCLC in real world.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with NSCLC who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy and underwent complete tumor resection in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between January 2019 and January 2021. Tumor staging was based on the eighth TNM classification system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging criteria. The safety and toxicity (including operative and postoperative complications) and the efficacy [including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), tumor major pathological remission (MPR), and pathological complete response (pCR)] were evaluated.ResultsIn total, 368 patients with NSCLC were administered with neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Of them, 211 patients were included in this retrospective study. Most patients had stage II–III disease, with 75 (35.5%) and 88 (41.7%) patients diagnosed with clinical stages IIB and IIIA, respectively. A total of 206 patients (97.6%) received at least two doses of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. In addition, 121 patients (57.3%) have achieved MPR, and 80 patients (37.9%) have achieved pCR, with ORR at 69.2% and DCR at 97.7%. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 46.4% of patients, and the incidence rate of grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events was 13.3% (13/98). Moreover, adverse events of any grade of surgical complication occurred in 15.6% of patients. One-year disease-free survival was 80.6% (170/211).ConclusionsNeoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy has significant efficacy with a high pCR and tolerable adverse effects for patients with resectable stage II–III NSCLC in real world.
Genetic and clinical profiles of 160 papillary thyroid cancers with lateral neck lymph node metastasis
Authors: Fang Yiqiao , Zheng Xun , Zou Xiuhe , Ye Zi , Liu Jiaye , Lei Jianyong , Li Zhihui 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundLymph node metastasis is widespread in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Patients are more vulnerable than those with central lymph node metastasis if they have lateral neck lymph node metastasis (LLNM). There are few researches focus on the correlation between clinical characteristics and genetic profile of PTC with LLNM. In this study, we aimed to analyze the clinical and genetic features of PTC with LLNM.MethodsA total of 160 primary tumor samples derived from PTC patients with LLNM were involved. Targeted next-generation sequencing was carried out on all samples with 57 known thyroid-cancer-related genes. The associations between genomic alternations and clinical characteristics of PTC with LLNM were statistically evaluated.ResultsThe median age of patients was 37 years, ranging from 5 to 77 years and the female/male ratio was 1.86. The most frequently altered genes in our series were BRAF mutation (68%), followed by RET fusion (17%), TERT promoter mutation (5%) and PIK3CA mutation (2%). To be noted, all PTC patients with LLNM of TERT promoter mutations appeared along with BRAF mutations (8/8) and half of them experienced a relapse. Intriguingly, we found more metastatic lymph nodes in patients with RET fusion, but there was no statistically significant difference in metastatic lymph node ratio than those with BRAF mutation or without mutation. A high rate of gene fusion (70%) was found in the pediatric population, with aggressive late-onset disease.ConclusionsPTC patients with LLNM is characterized by a high rate of BRAF mutation. Due to the observed clinicopathological differences in those patients among different alterations, further prospective studies are needed to verify our results and to evaluate the most suitable treatment strategies.
Stress induced phosphoprotein 1 overexpression controls proliferation, migration and invasion and is associated with poor survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Dourado Mauricio Rocha , Elseragy Amr , da Costa Bruno Cesar , Téo Fábio Haach , Guimarães Gustavo Narvaes , Machado Renato Assis , Risteli Maija , Wahbi Wafa , Gurgel Rocha Clarissa Araujo , Paranaíba Lívia Máris Ribeiro , González-Arriagada Wilfredo Alejandro , da Silva Sabrina Daniela , Rangel Ana Lucia Carrinho Ayroza , Marques Marcelo Rocha , Rossa Junior Carlos , Salo Tuula , Coletta Ricardo D. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAlthough there have been remarkable achievements in the molecular landscape of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in recent years, bringing advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis, development and progression, little has been applied in the prognosis and choosing the optimal treatment. In this study, we explored the influence of the stress induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), which is frequently reported to be highly expressed in many cancers, in OSCCs.MethodsSTIP1 expression was assessed in the TCGA database and in two independent cohorts by immunohistochemistry. Knockdown strategy was applied in OSCC cell lines to determine the impact of STIP1 on viability, proliferation, migration and invasion. The zebrafish model was applied for studying tumor formation and metastasis in vivo. The association of STIP1 and miR-218-5p was explored by bioinformatics and mimics transfection.ResultsSTIP1 was highly expressed in OSCCs and significantly associated with shortened survival and higher risk of recurrence. STIP1 down-regulation decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells, and reduced the number of metastases in the Zebrafish model. STIP1 and miR-218-5p were inversely expressed, and the transfection of miR-218-5p mimics into OSCC cells decreased STIP1 levels as well as proliferation, migration and invasion.ConclusionOur findings show that STIP1 overexpression, which is inversely associated with miR-218-5p levels, contributes to OSCC aggressiveness by controlling proliferation, migration and invasion and is a determinant of poor prognosis.
Endoscopic 1½-transseptal approach for pituitary surgery
Authors: Cong Zixiang , Zhu Junhao , Sun Huaiyu , Tang Chao , Yang Jin , Ma Chiyuan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundWe previously introduced the one-and-a-half (1½) nostril endoscopic transsphenoidal approach (OETA) to reduce the damage to the nasal structures. Here, we reported the modified approach which is called the endoscopic 1½-transseptal approach (EOTA) for pituitary surgery by combining the OETA and the microscopic transseptal approach to simplify intranasal procedures and protect nasal mucosa. In EOTA, we removed the sellar lesions in a corridor that is composed of the right submucosal space and the anterior left ½ nasal cavity.MethodsWe introduced EOTA with a detailed technical description and preliminary clinical outcomes. A total of 128 patients who underwent EOTA for pituitary surgery from July 2018 to September 2020 were reviewed for evaluation of the safety and efficacy of this approach.ResultsEOTA had a high gross total resection (GTR) rate and a 1ow complication rate. GTR was achieved in 106 (82.8%) patients, with 81.4% for pituitary adenomas and 93.3% for other non-adenomatous lesions. Post-operative complications included 3 patients (2.3%) with postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak, 3 patients (2.3%) with diabetes insipidus, 5 patients (3.9%) with anterior pituitary insufficiency and 2 patients (1.6%) with meningitis. In addition, EOTA simplified the intranasal procedures, which led to shortened operation time (67.8 minutes). The results of ASK nasal-12, the Lund-Kennedy score, and the odor identification test showed that patients who underwent EOTA recovered quickly after surgery and the nasal cavity returned to the preoperative condition both apparently and physiologically one month after surgery.ConclusionsEOTA is a simple, safe and effective approach for pituitary lesions, which provides not only a sufficient surgical corridor for 2-surgeon/4- or 3-hands technique but also minimally invasive access to the sellar region.
Protocol for a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial of the inhaled β2-adrenergic receptor agonist salbutamol for transient tachypnea of the newborn (the REFSAL trial)
Authors: Madajczak Dariusz , Daboval Thierry , Lauterbach Ryszard , Łoniewska Beata , Błaż Witold , Szczapa Tomasz , Sadowska-Krawczenko Iwona , Michalak-Kloc Marzena , Sławska Helena , Borszewska-Kornacka Maria , Bokiniec Renata ,   the REFSAL Study Group
Published: January 2023

BackgroundTransient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), which results from inadequate absorption of fetal lung fluid, is the most common cause of neonatal respiratory distress. Stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors enhances alveolar fluid absorption. Therefore, the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist salbutamol has been proposed as a treatment for TTN. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of salbutamol as supportive pharmacotherapy together with non-invasive nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NIV/nCPAP) for the prevention of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) in infants with TTN.Methods and analysisThis multicenter, double-blind, phase III trial will include infants with a gestational age between 32 and 42 weeks who are affected by respiratory disorders and treated in eight neonatal intensive care units in Poland. A total of 608 infants within 24 h after birth will be enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive nebulized salbutamol with NIV or placebo (nebulized 0.9% NaCl) with NIV. The primary outcome is the percentage of infants with TTN who develop PPHN. The secondary outcomes are the severity of respiratory distress (assessed with the modified TTN Silverman score), frequency of need for intubation, duration of NIV and hospitalization, acid–base balance (blood pH, partial pressure of O2 and CO2, and base excess), and blood serum ionogram for Na+, K+, and Ca2+.DiscussionThe Respiratory Failure with Salbutamol (REFSAL) study will be the first clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of salbutamol in the prevention of persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns with tachypnea, and will improve short term outcomes. If successful, the study will demonstrate the feasibility of early intervention with NIV/nCPAP together with nebulized salbutamol in the management of TTN.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland on November 16, 2020 (decision number KB/190/2020). All procedures will follow the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The results of the study will be submitted for knowledge translation in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international pediatric society conferences.Clinical Trial RegistrationIt is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05527704, EudraCT 2020-003913-36; Protocol version 5.0 from 04/01/2022.
Intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia in the treatment of pain in patients operated on by the modified Nuss method with the BackOnFeet application—a new strategy to improve outcomes
Authors: Zacha Sławomir , Andrzejewska Agata , Jastrzębska-Ligocka Barbara , Szwed Aleksander , Modrzejewska Elżbieta , Zacha Wojciech , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Miegoń Jakub , Jarosz Konrad , Biernawska Jowita 
Published: January 2023

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTStandarized care with ERAS protocol for NUSS surgery and its benefits.
Proteomics and weighted gene correlated network analysis reveal glutamatergic synapse signaling in diazepam treatment of alcohol withdrawal
Authors: Kong Wan , Huang Shanqing , Chen Zikai , Li Xiaolin , Liu Shujing , Zhang Zi , Yang Ye , Wang Zhanzhang , Zhu Xiuqing , Ni Xiaojia , Lu Haoyang , Zhang Ming , Li Zezhi , Wen Yuguan , Shang Dewei 
Published: January 2023

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by chronic excessive alcohol consumption, often alternating with periods of abstinence known as alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Diazepam is the preferred benzodiazepine for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome under most circumstances, but the specific mechanism underlying the treatment needs further research.Methods: We constructed an animal model of two-bottle choices and chronic intermittent ethanol exposure. LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis based on the label-free and intensity-based quantification approach was used to detect the protein profile of the whole brain. Weighted gene correlated network analysis was applied for scale-free network topology analysis. We established a protein–protein interaction network based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and Cytoscape software and identified hub proteins by CytoHubba and MCODE plugins of Cytoscape. The online tool Targetscan identified miRNA–mRNA pair interactions.Results: Seven hub proteins (Dlg3, Dlg4, Shank3, Grin2b, Camk2b, Camk2a and Syngap1) were implicated in alcohol withdrawal syndrome or diazepam treatment. In enrichment analysis, glutamatergic synapses were considered the most important pathway related to alcohol use disorder. Decreased glutamatergic synapses were observed in the late stage of withdrawal, as a protective mechanism that attenuated withdrawal-induced excitotoxicity. Diazepam treatment during withdrawal increased glutamatergic synapses, alleviating withdrawal-induced synapse inhibition.Conclusion: Glutamatergic synapses are considered the most important pathway related to alcohol use disorder that may be a potential molecular target for new interventional strategies.
An aperture of 21 cm telescope with polarized coaxial for satellite laser ranging
Authors: Long Mingliang , Deng Huarong , Zhang Haifeng , Tan Kai , Lin Hai sheng , Wu Zhibo , Zhang Zhongping 
Published: January 2023

With the development of aerospace and space scientific research, satellite laser ranging (SLR) has put forward higher requirements for response speed, data density, and measurement accuracy. In coaxial common optical path laser ranging, the emitted laser and the received laser echoes pass through the same optical system. Due to the reversibility of the optical path, the laser emission, monitoring, and laser echoes’ optical path all pass through the same optical system structure, and the response speed and ranging ability of the laser ranging system have been greatly improved. Based on the SLR system of the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO), the laser transmitting telescope with an aperture of 21 cm was used to build a polarized coaxial SLR system. It uses a picosecond pulsed laser with a pulse repetition frequency of 2 kHz and a single-pulse energy of 2 mJ. Also, a 4f system was applied to shrink the laser echo beam and filter out noise, the measurements of low-Earth orbit and long-distance high-orbit satellites were realized, and the ranging accuracy was ∼2 cm. As far as we know, this is currently the smallest aperture telescope for SLR globally, which is conducive to the miniaturization and integrated development of SLR systems.
Athlete level, sport-type, and gender influences on training, mental health, and sleep during the early COVID-19 lockdown in Malaysia
Authors: Washif Jad Adrian , Kok Lian-Yee , James Carl , Beaven Christopher Martyn , Farooq Abdulaziz , Pyne David B. , Chamari Karim 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: We evaluated the extent of changes in training practices, recovery, mental health, and sleep patterns of athletes during the early COVID-19 lockdown in a single country-cohort.Methods: A total of 686 athletes (59% male, 41% female; 9% World Class, 28% International, 29% National, 26% State, 8% Recreational) from 50 sports (45% individual, 55% team) in Malaysia completed an online, survey-based questionnaire study. The questions were related to training practices (including recovery and injury), mental health, and sleep patterns.Results: Relative to pre-lockdown, training intensity (−34%), frequency (−20%, except World-Class), and duration (−24%–59%, especially International/World-Class) were compromised, by the mandated lockdown. During the lockdown, more space/access (69%) and equipment (69%) were available for cardiorespiratory training, than technical and strength; and these resources favoured World-Class athletes. Most athletes trained for general strength/health (88%) and muscular endurance (71%); and some used innovative/digital training tools (World-Class 48% vs. lower classification-levels ≤34%). More World-Class, International, and National athletes performed strength training, plyometrics, and sport-specific technical skills with proper equipment, than State/Recreational athletes. More females (42%) sourced training materials from social media than males (29%). Some athletes (38%) performed injury prevention exercises; 18% had mild injuries (knees 29%, ankles 26%), and 18% received a medical diagnosis (International 31%). Lower-level athletes (e.g., State 44%) disclosed that they were mentally more vulnerable; and felt more anxious (36% vs. higher-levels 14%–21%). Sleep quality and quantity were “normal” (49% for both), “improved” (35% and 27%), and only 16% and 14% (respectively) stated “worsened” sleep.Conclusion: Lockdown compromised training-related practices, especially in lower-level athletes. Athletes are in need of assistance with training, and tools to cope with anxiety that should be tailored to individual country requirements during lockdown situations. In particular, goal-driven (even if it is at home) fitness training, psychological, financial, and lifestyle support can be provided to reduce the difficulties associated with lockdowns. Policies and guidelines that facilitate athletes (of all levels) to train regularly during the lockdown should be developed.