bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do parapatric populations of the ticks Amblyomma tonelliae Nava, Beati & Labruna, 2014 and Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 (Acari: Ixodidae) hybridize?
Authors: Tarragona Evelina Luisa , Lado Paula , Beati Lorenza , Mangold Atilio José , Guglielmone Alberto Alejandro , Nava Santiago 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work aimed to determine if the tick species, Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma tonelliae, hybridize along their contact zones in Argentina. Free‐living adults and nymphs of A. sculptum and A. tonelliae were collected in seven sampling locations of northern Argentina. In four of them, the two species occur in parapatry (possible hybrid zone) whereas in the other three sites, only one species is known to occur. A total of 65 A. sculptum and 65 A. tonelliae from both, allopatric and parapatric populations, were analysed. The nuclear (ITS2) and mitochondrial (COI and 12SrDNA) gene sequences of each tick were amplified and analysed to verify whether or not they could reveal the presence of hybrids among the parapatric samples. No morphological and molecular evidence was found to support the hypothesis of ongoing natural hybridization. Intrinsic postzygotic barriers may be the cause of lack of gene flow between the two species in areas of co‐ocurrence. The results can be explained by the length of time the two lineages spent in allopatry since the middle of the Miocene and before their respective distribution range expanded again reaching a narrow secondary contact zone.
Real‐Time Perceptions of Historical GDP Data Uncertainty*
Authors: Galvão Ana Beatriz , Mitchell James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGDP is measured with error. But data uncertainty is rarely communicated quantitatively in real‐time. An exception are the fan charts for historical real GDP growth published by the Bank of England. To assess how well data uncertainty is understood, we first evaluate the accuracy of the historical fan charts. We find that data uncertainties can be accurately quantified, even without judgement, using past revisions data. Secondly, we conduct an online survey to gauge perceptions of GDP data uncertainty across a wider set of experts. Our results call for greater communication of data uncertainties to anchor experts' dispersed expectations.
Does benign prostate hyperplasia histopathological variation impact disease‐specific clinical outcomes after transurethral resection?
Authors: Berk Brittany , Acosta Andres , Ernandez John , Dey Tanujit , Kathrins Martin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe impact of histopathological variants in stromal and glandular tissue on clinical outcomes following transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is unexplored. We sought to evaluate the relationship between histopathological variations in TURP specimen and postoperative clinical outcomes. We performed a retrospective analysis of men undergoing initial TURP at our institution from 2017 to 2019. All pathology slides were re‐reviewed by one specialized genitourinary pathologist who was blinded to all clinical data. Types of BPH were defined as: glandular‐predominant (gland:stroma ratio >50%), mixed (gland:stroma ratio 25%–50%), and stromal‐predominant (gland:stromal ratio <25%). Primary clinical outcomes were ∆ post‐void residual and ∆ American Urological Society Symptom Score (AUASS) at 3, 6, and 12 months post‐operatively. We also evaluated for a temporal relationship between time since surgery and ∆AUASS amongst different histopathological subgroups. One hundred and five patients were included in the final analysis. 61/105 (58.1%) had glandular‐predominant histopathology, 21/105 (20%) had stromal‐predominant histopathology, and 23/105 (21.9%) were classified as mixed histopathology. On univariate and multivariate analysis, histopathological subtype was not a significant predictor of any of the clinical post‐operative endpoints of interest at any time points. Disease‐specific outcomes after TURP appear to be consistent across these different histopathologic subtypes.
Optimal selling scheme in social networks: hierarchical signaling, sequential selling, and chain structure
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Liao Chen‐Nan , Chen Ying‐Ju 
Published: February 2023

We study the optimal selling scheme when a seller sells a product/service with a positive consumption externality, and customers are uncertain about the product's/service's value. Because early adopters learn this value, we consider the customers' intrinsic signaling incentives and positive feedback effects. Allowing the seller to choose the sequence of customers' decisions (as an endogenous hierarchy) implies that signaling takes place in multiple rounds. To tackle this hierarchical signaling problem, we develop a novel dynamic‐programming approach that yields analytical expressions of the equilibrium outcomes. The profit‐maximizing structure turns out to be a chain in which the seller sells to the customers one by one. The sequential selling scheme is not only profitable for the seller but also beneficial to the society. The profit‐maximizing pricing exhibits a cream‐skimming property–decreasing prices along the sequence. The lack of seller's commitment is detrimental to the social welfare; nonetheless, the sequential selling still boosts up the seller's profit. When customers are allowed to freely disclose their quantity decisions to others, they willingly comply with the seller's plan of information transmissions. Despite the inherent value uncertainty, the optimal usage of information transmissions requires deliberate restricted access to information among customers. Our result also suggests some congruence between the profit and welfare maximization.
Barriers to Entry
Authors: Wilson Valencia 
Published: February 2023

Objective/Context: After the 2016 Peace Accords in Colombia, civil society began working towards the reintegration of former Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) combatants towards a peaceful coexistence. However, the success of these initiatives remain doubtful for a more inclusive society while reducing risks of rearmament and violence against citizens in a post-conflict environment. Methodology: This research identifies and evaluates aggregated statistics and survey data expressing concerns for and about former combatants, perspectives from Afro-Colombians, along with interviews from former combatants to help determine the difficulties and opportunities to access the labor market. Conclusion: The study finds that a large barrier to successful economic reintegration to the labor market is stigma. Despite these current initiatives, this article seeks to explore if and what barriers continue to exist for former combatants reintegrating into the labor market. Originality: This article provides recommendations that support local organizations doing business in Colombia and provide tailored best practices ensure meaningful ways to incorporate ex-combatants into the labor market.

Objetivo: Después de los Acuerdos de Paz de 2016 en Colombia, la sociedad civil comenzó a trabajar para la reintegración de los excombatientes de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) para una convivencia pacífica, sin embargo, el éxito de estas iniciativas sigue siendo dudoso si se quiere tener una sociedad más inclusiva, que reduzca los riesgos de rearme y de violencia contra los ciudadanos en un entorno de posconflicto. Metodología: A pesar de las iniciativas actuales, esta investigación busca explorar si hay barreras que continúan existiendo para los excombatientes que se reintegran al mercado laboral. Es así como planteo que una gran barrera para la reintegración económica exitosa al mercado laboral es el estigma. Esta investigación identifica y evalúa estadísticas agregadas y datos de encuestas que expresan inquietudes por y sobre los excombatientes, junto con entrevistas a excombatientes para ayudar a determinar las dificultades y oportunidades para acceder al mercado laboral. Originalidad: Estas recomendaciones buscan apoyar a las organizaciones locales que hacen negocios en Colombia. Además de ofrecer mejores prácticas adaptadas y garantizar formas significativas de incorporar a los excombatientes al mercado laboral.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Lauric Acid Melting at Suboptimal Inclines
Authors: Troxler Casey J. , Freeman Thomas B. , Rodriguez Rafael M. , Boetcher Sandra K. S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Accurate modeling of melting and solidification processes is important to many engineering applications. The research presented in this article is part of an ongoing effort to document the melting behavior of lauric acid in a 50 mm by 120 mm rectangular container with an isothermal side—an experiment commonly used to validate numerical models. This article presents new experimental data of melting occurring at 135 deg and 180 deg inclines for isothermal wall temperatures of 60∘C and 70∘C. The data were processed to show the melt interface development and the melt fraction as a function of time. Furthermore, numerical simulations using the enthalpy-porosity method of the 135 deg incline were also conducted. In the numerical simulations, the mushy zone constant was parametrically varied. Different density approaches commonly found in the literature (e.g., density as a function of temperature or Boussinesq approximation) were utilized and examined. It was found that the choice of density method had a significant effect on the results. Implications of potential modeling choices unique to the enthalpy-porosity method are discussed related to the validation of models.
Geodesic Convolutional Neural Network Characterization of Macro-Porous Latent Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Mallya Nithin , Baqué Pierre , Yvernay Pierre , Pozzetti Andrea , Fua Pascal , Haussener Sophia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
High-temperature latent heat thermal energy storage with metallic alloy phase change materials (PCMs) utilize the high latent heat and high thermal conductivity to gain a competitive edge over existing sensible and latent storage technologies. Novel macroporous latent heat storage units can be used to enhance the limiting convective heat transfer between the heat transfer fluid and the PCM to attain higher power density while maintaining high energy density. 3D monolithic percolating macroporous latent heat storage unit cells with random and ordered substructure topology were created using synthetic tomography data. Full 3D thermal computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with phase change modeling was performed on 1000+ such structures using effective heat capacity method and temperature- and phase-dependent thermophysical properties. Design parameters, including transient thermal and flow characteristics, phase change time and pressure drop, were extracted as output scalars from the simulated charging process. As such structures cannot be parametrized meaningfully, a mesh-based Geodesic Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) designed to perform direct convolutions on the surface and volume meshes of the macroporous structures was trained to predict the output scalars along with pressure, temperature, velocity distributions in the volume, and surface distributions of heat flux and shear stress. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using macroscopic properties—porosity, surface area, and two-point surface-void correlation functions—of the structures as inputs was used as a standard regressor for comparison. The GCNN exhibited high prediction accuracy of the scalars, outperforming the ANN and linear/exponential fits, owing to the disentangling property of GCNNs where predictions were improved by the introduction of correlated surface and volume fields. The trained GCNN behaves as a coupled CFD-heat transfer emulator predicting the volumetric distribution of temperature, pressure, velocity fields, and heat flux and shear stress distributions at the PCM–HTF interface. This deep learning based methodology offers a unique, generalized, and computationally competitive way to quickly predict phase change behavior of high power density macroporous structures in a few seconds and has the potential to optimize the percolating macroporous unit cells to application specific requirements.
Robust Attitude Controller Design for an Uncommon Quadrotor With Big and Small Tilt Rotors
Authors: Baskın Mehmet , Leblebicioğlu Kemal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, a robust attitude controller design for an uncommon quadrotor aerial vehicle is discussed. This aerial vehicle is designed to have two big rotors on the longitudinal axis to increase the lift capacity and flight endurance, and two small tilt rotors on the lateral axis to stabilize the attitude. Similar to other multirotors, linearization of the full nonlinear model and using an appropriate rotor mixing matrix give the approximate diagonal attitude model of this quadrotor around hover. However, this ideal model lacks sensor delays, uncertain parameters, flexible modes of a structure, and inexact decoupling dynamics. Therefore, using this model in the control design limits the achievable attitude control performance. Unlike most studies, a system identification method is applied to estimate a more accurate model and increase the resulting attitude control performance. The aim of this paper is to obtain a suitable nominal model with accompanying uncertainty using robust control criterion in the system identification. In this way, an uncertain model that gives high performance in the subsequent robust control design is obtained. The experimental results show that this combined identification and robust control procedure improves attitude control performance compared to existing classical controller design methods.
Translational Physical Activity Research Involving People With Disabilities: A Review and a Call to Action
Authors: Martin Ginis Kathleen A. , Lawrason Sarah V.C. , Berrisford Haley A. 
Published: February 2023

The health and physical activity (PA) needs of people living with disabilities are underserved and understudied. This article provides an overview of research on PA and health research in people with disabilities. Research gaps and inequities are highlighted, along with their impact on advancing the fundamental rights of people with disabilities to fully participate in PA. The importance of translational PA research to disability communities is described. We provide case studies from two lines of PA and disability research that have been moved along the translational spectrum and into practice. The article concludes with three calls to action to kinesiology research and practitioners: (a) to include people with disabilities in research; (b) to advocate for adequate resources and support in alignment with equity, diversity, and inclusion efforts; and (c) to work in meaningful partnership with people with disabilities to support translational research programs that have real-world impacts.
Sodium channel-inhibiting drugs and cancer-specific survival: a population-based study of electronic primary care data
Authors: Fairhurst Caroline , Doran Tim , Martin Fabiola , Watt Ian , Bland Martin , Brackenbury William J 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesAntiepileptic and antiarrhythmic drugs inhibit voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels (VGSCs), and preclinical studies show that these medications reduce tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. We investigated the association between VGSC inhibitor use and survival in patients with breast, bowel and prostate cancer.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingIndividual electronic primary healthcare records extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.ParticipantsRecords for 132 996 patients with a diagnosis of breast, bowel or prostate cancer.Outcome measuresAdjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse cancer-specific survival associated with exposure to VGSC inhibitors. Exposure to non-VGSC-inhibiting antiepileptic medication and other non-VGSC blockers were also considered. Drug exposure was treated as a time-varying covariate to account for immortal time bias.ResultsDuring 1 002 225 person-years of follow-up, there were 42 037 cancer-specific deaths. 53 724 (40.4%) patients with cancer had at least one prescription for a VGSC inhibitor of interest. Increased risk of cancer-specific mortality was associated with exposure to this group of drugs (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.63, p<0.001). This applied to VGSC-inhibiting tricyclic antidepressants (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.50 to 1.65, p<0.001), local anaesthetics (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.55, p<0.001) and anticonvulsants (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.48, p<0.001) and persisted in sensitivity analyses. In contrast, exposure to VGSC-inhibiting class 1c and 1d antiarrhythmics was associated with significantly improved cancer-specific survival (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.88, p<0.001 and HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.88, p=0.01, respectively).ConclusionsAssociation between VGSC inhibitor use and mortality in patients with cancer varies according to indication. Exposure to VGSC-inhibiting antiarrhythmics, but not anticonvulsants, supports findings from preclinical data, with improved survival. However, additional confounding factors may underlie these associations, highlighting the need for further study.
Introduction of the Ellavi uterine balloon tamponade into the Kenyan and Ghanaian maternal healthcare package for improved postpartum haemorrhage management: an implementation research study
Authors: Parker Megan E , Qureshi Zahida , Deganus Sylvia , Soki James , Cofie Patience , Dapaah Patience , Owusu Rosemond , Gwako George , Osoti Alfred , Ogutu Omondi , Opira Jacqueline , Sunkwa-Mills Gifty , Boamah Martin , Srofenyoh Emmanuel , Aboagye Patrick , Fofie Chris , Kaliti Stephen , Morozoff Chloe , Secor Andrew , Metzler Mutsumi , Abu-Haydar Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesUse of intrauterine balloon tamponades for refractory postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) management has triggered recent debate since effectiveness studies have yielded conflicting results. Implementation research is needed to identify factors influencing successful integration into maternal healthcare packages. The Ellavi uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) (Ellavi) is a new low-cost, preassembled device for treating refractory PPH.DesignA mixed-methods, prospective, implementation research study examining the adoption, sustainability, fidelity, acceptability and feasibility of introducing a newly registered UBT. Cross-sectional surveys were administered post-training and post-use over 10 months.SettingThree Ghanaian (district, regional) and three Kenyan (levels 4–6) healthcare facilities.ParticipantsObstetric staff (n=451) working within participating facilities.InterventionPPH management training courses were conducted with obstetric staff.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFacility measures of adoption, sustainability and fidelity and individual measures of acceptability and feasibility.ResultsAll participating hospitals adopted the device during the study period and the majority (52%–62%) of the employed obstetric staff were trained on the Ellavi; sustainability and fidelity to training content were moderate. The Ellavi was suited for this context due to high delivery and PPH burden. Dynamic training curriculums led by local UBT champions and clear instructions on the packaging yielded positive attitudes and perceptions, and high user confidence, resulting in overall high acceptability. Post-training and post-use, ≥79% of the trainees reported that the Ellavi was easy to use. Potential barriers to use included the lack of adjustable drip stands and difficulties calculating bag height according to blood pressure. Overall, the Ellavi can be feasibly integrated into PPH care and was preferred over condom catheters.ConclusionsThe training package and time saving Ellavi design facilitated its adoption, acceptability and feasibility. The Ellavi is appropriate and feasible for use among obstetric staff and can be successfully integrated into the Kenyan and Ghanaian maternal healthcare package.Trial registration numbersNCT04502173;NCT05340777.
FLUID trial: a hospital-wide open-label cluster cross-over pragmatic comparative effectiveness randomised pilot trial comparing normal saline to Ringer’s lactate
Authors: McIntyre Lauralyn Ann , Fergusson Dean A , McArdle Tracy , Fox-Robichaud Alison , English Shane W , Martin Claudio , Marshall John , Cook Deborah J , Graham Ian D , Hawken Steven , McCartney Colin , Menon Kusum , Saginur Raphael , Seely Andrew , Stiell Ian , Thavorn Kednapa , Weijer Charles , Iyengar Akshai , Muscedere John , Forster Alan J , Taljaard Monica 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesNormal saline (NS) and Ringer’s lactate (RL) are the most common crystalloids used for fluid therapy. Despite evidence of possible harm associated with NS (eg, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, impaired kidney function and death), few large multi-centre randomised trials have evaluated the effect of these fluids on clinically important outcomes. We conducted a pilot trial to explore the feasibility of a large trial powered for clinically important outcomes.DesignFLUID was a pragmatic pilot cluster randomised cross-over trial.SettingFour hospitals in the province of Ontario, CanadaParticipantsAll hospitalised adult and paediatric patients with an incident admission to the hospital over the course of each study period.InterventionsA hospital wide policy/strategy which stocked either NS or RL throughout the hospital for 12 weeks before crossing over to the alternate fluid for the subsequent 12 weeks.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary feasibility outcome was study fluid protocol adherence. Secondary feasibility outcomes included time to Research Ethics Board (REB) approval and trial initiation. Primary (composite of death or re-admission to hospital in first 90 days of index hospitalisation) and secondary clinical outcomes were analysed descriptively.ResultsAmong 24 905 included patients, mean age 59.1 (SD 20.5); 13 977 (56.1%) were female and 21 150 (85.0%) had medical or surgical admitting diagnoses. Overall, 96 821 L were administered in the NS arm, and 78 348 L in the RL arm. Study fluid adherence to NS and RL was 93.7% (site range: 91.6%–98.0%) and 79.8% (site range: 72.5%–83.9%), respectively. Time to REB approval ranged from 2 to 48 days and readiness for trial initiation from 51 to 331 days. 5544 (22.3%) patients died or required hospital re-admission in the first 90 days.ConclusionsThe future large trial is feasible. Anticipating and addressing logistical challenges during the planning stages will be imperative.Trial registration numberNCT02721485.