bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the representation of landscape and its emotional value in German-Swiss fiction between 1840 and 1940
Authors: Grisot Giulia , Herrmann Berenike 
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the representation and affective encoding of fictional space in a corpus of 125 Swiss literary prose texts of the 19th and early 20th Century written in German, offering a contribution to both spatial and affective literary studies. Motivated by questions about the iconic dichotomy between ‘urban’ and ‘rural/natural’ space in literary works (Sengle; Fournier; Nell and Weiland) – and in Swiss literature around 1900 in particular (Rehm) – we use computational methods to detect and examine how different types of space are distributed and affectively encoded in German-Swiss literature. Taking into account the complexity of cultural perceptions and representations of space across history, we examine the presence of ‘urban’ and ‘rural/natural’ fictional spaces and their potential role in constructing a ‘Swiss’ national literature (Böhler; Zimmer), and their affective encoding. In order to do this, we first compiled a comprehensive dictionary of named and non-named spatial entities in the broad spatial categories RURAL and URBAN, and examined the presence of sentiment and emotions (valence and discrete emotions) and their ‘strength’ (arousal) in relation to these. We used current state-of-the-art sentiment lexicons for German available to the digital humanities community. Similarly to Heuser et al., we mapped the spatial entities and the sentiment lexicons onto our corpus, and focused on spans of +/-50 words around the detected entities, in order to examine the specific sentiment and emotions related to space. In an exploratory analysis, we offer here a first-time data-driven perspective on rural and urban fictional space, incorporating the dimension of affective encoding of space systematically.
Real-world Accuracy of CGM in Inpatient Critical and Noncritical Care Settings at a Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Finn Erin , Schlichting Lindsay , Grau Laura , Douglas Ivor S. , Pereira Rocio I. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE
We sought to determine real-world accuracy of inpatient continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) at multiple levels of acuity in a large safety-net hospital.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed records from hospitalized patients on Dexcom G6 CGM, including clinical, point of care (POC), and laboratory (Lab) glucose, and CGM data. POC/Lab values were matched to the closest timed CGM value. Encounters were divided into not critically ill (NCI) versus critically ill (CI). CGM accuracy was evaluated.

RESULTS
Paired readings (2,744 POC-CGM; 3,705 Lab-CGM) were analyzed for 233 patients with 239 encounters (83 NCI, 156 CI). POC-CGM aggregated and average mean absolute relative differences (MARD) were 15.1% and 17.1%. Lab-CGM aggregated and average MARDs were 11.4% and 12.2%. Accuracy for POC-CGM and Lab-CGM was 96.5% and 99.1% in Clarke Error Grid zones A/B.

CONCLUSIONS
Real-world accuracy of inpatient CGM is acceptable for NCI and CI patients. Further exploration of conditions associated with lower CGM accuracy in real-world settings is warranted.
Effect of Pyriproxyfen, a Malaria Vector Larvicide, on the Growth and Mortality of Vannamei Shrimp
Authors: Putri Sriana , Setyaningrum Endah , Farisi Salman 
Published: August 2023

Anopheles mosquito shared a breeding site with the vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Anopheles mosquito larvae commonly live in both stagnant fresh and brackish water. The potential breeding habitat of Anopheles mosquito larvae may be rice fields, pools or ponds, swamps, ditches, and slow-current streams. One of the effective strategies to control malaria is to apply chemical insecticides. Pyriproxifen is a larvicide that contains juvenile hormone-like compounds. Juvenile hormone-like compounds can affect mosquito morphogenesis, characterized by the failure of the larvae to develop into pupae. With a completely randomized design, the shrimp fry was divided into 4 groups, 6 repetitions, 20 individuals each. Shrimp fry in each experimental unit was placed and maintained in plastic jars containing 2.5 L of brackish water. The results showed that the insect growth regulator (IGR) with the active ingredient pyriproxyfen at various concentrations had no significant effect on the growth, mortality, and survival of vannamei shrimp fry. It can be concluded therefore that pyriproxifen larvicide was safe to be used for controlling malaria mosquito vectors in hatcheries and breeding ponds of vannamei shrimp.
Analisis Emisi Gas Buang (CO, CO2 dan HC) pada Sepeda Motor FI dengan Variasi Saat Pengapian, Saat Penginjeksian dan Jenis Bahan Bakar
Authors: Firmansyah M. Sadly , Wawan Purwanto  , Hasan Maksum  , Ahmad Arif  , M. Yasep Setiawan  
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang perubahan nilai kadar CO, CO2 dan HC yang dihasilkan emisi gas buang pada sepeda motor FI dengan penggunaan ECU Programmable (4 variasi perlakuan saat pengapian dan saat penginjeksian) menggunakan 3 jenis bahan bakar di setiap perlakuan . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar perubahan penggunaan ECU Programmable di setiap perlakuan terhadap emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan oleh objek penelitian. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Objek penelitian ini adalah sepeda motor FI. Kadar CO dan HC terendah yang dihasilkan sepeda motor FI dengan penggunaan ECU Programmable diperoleh pada perlakuan saat pengapian 7°BTDC dan saat penginjeksian 350°ATDC menggunakan bahan bakar Gasohol E30. Kadar CO2 terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan saat pengapian 3°BTDC dan saat penginjeksian 350°ATDC menggunakan bahan bakar Pertamax Turbo, dimana hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan perubahan yang signifikan setelah melalui uji banding menggunakan uji T dengan taraf signifikan 5%.
This study discusses changes in the value of CO, CO2 and HC levels of exhaust emission on FI Motorcycle with the use ECU Programmable (4 variation of ignition timing and injector timing) and use 3 variations fuel in every treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the use ECU Programmable and variation of fuel on exhaust emissions produced by the research object. This type of research is experimental research. The object of this research is the FI Motorcycle. The lowest CO and HC level produced by FI Motorcycle with the use of a Programmable ECU is obtained in the treatment at ignition timing of 7°BTDC and injector timing 350°ATDC using Gasohol E30 fuel, while the lowest CO2 level is obtained at the ignition timing treatment of 3°BTDC and when injector timing 350°ATDC uses Pertamax Turbo fuel, where the results obtained show significant changes after going through a comparative test using the T test with a significant level of 5%.
Understanding Workplace Spirituality in Health Care Systems: Practice and challenges
Authors: Soni Harshita , Soni Chitra , Singh Brijesh 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this paper is to make an enquiry into work place spirituality in health care systems. Based on a theoretical study of spirituality and its growing importance in health care systems; workplace spirituality is discussed with doctors and elements of spirituality which are applied in treating patients are identified. The study has also explored the individual level and system level challenges while practicing spirituality through the identified elements in the health care systems.
Methodology adopted: This is an inductive form of research which involved enquiry into the existing literature of spirituality and further records the focused discussions of doctors for capturing the idea of spirituality in health care systems, identification of elements of spirituality and implementation challenges of spiritual elements in health care systems.
Findings: The idea of spirituality in healthcare systems includes the trust and belief in supreme power, peace of mind, spiritual care and identifying spirituality as an asset. Gratitude and prayers, counseling, inclusion of the yogic techniques and investment of self in the work are identified as elements of spirituality in healthcare systems. Analysis of data also implied challenges in implementation of spirituality in health care systems.
Practical implications: The findings of the study have identified the elements of spirituality in health care systems not addressed in the previous research. The present study suggests to consider the emotional labor and stress of the doctors developed in the treatment process as the role of doctors is crucial in maintaining the integral health of patients. The implementation challenges of spiritual practices in health care systems are also discussed.
Development of early detection of low-birth-weight instrument based on maternal risk factors: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Utami Sri , Susilaningrum Rekawati , Nursalam Nursalam , Zulaecha Erna Siti , Rahayu Sri 
Published: August 2023

Background: Babies born with low birth weight (LBW) are at a higher risk of experiencing health problems. The absence of quick and reliable instruments to detect LBW conditions can significantly impact the growth and development of newborns.
Purpose: This study aims to develop an instrument to detect the incidence of LBW based on mother’s risk factor.
Methods: In this study, mixed-methods research was conducted, consisting of qualitative and quantitative stages. A total of 20 participants participated in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) during the qualitative stage, and 321 respondents took part in the quantitative stage. During the qualitative stage, the process of labeling, synthesizing significant codes, and theoretical integration was carried out. Furthermore, at the quantitative stage, the calculation of the cut-off point using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed.
Result: Four indicators were added in newly developed instrument; there are currently ten indicators based on results of our FGD with the experts (OR/score: 74.395/10, 15.557/2, 13.877/2, 9.952/2, 7.203/1, 2.756/1, 2.532/1, 1.280/1, 1.268/1, and 1.163/1). Instrument was tested on 321 samples; it was able to detect 111 (88.1%) cases from a total 123 (38.3%) cases of LBW (p=0.000). Cut-off point determination used Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve; any score greater than 3 was predicted with LBW incidence (AUC=0.952, 95% CI 0.923-0.973).
Conclusions: LBW could be predicted by our newly developed instrument. These finding could help health workers or policy makers to reduce the LBW incidence by early detection. Further study is needed to determine the ideal screening time to maximize the usage of this instrument.
Assessing Persistence in Spatial Clustering of Disease, with an Application to Drug Related Deaths in Scottish Neighbourhoods
Authors: Congdon Peter Douglas 
Published: August 2023

Background: The upward trend in drug related deaths in some countries is a major public health concern. Regarding geographic location within countries, many studies report spatial clustering in drug related deaths. We consider drug related deaths in Scottish small areas, and investigate probabilities that clusters of adjacent neighbourhoods have elevated risk. We focus especially on assessing persistence in spatial clustering, relevant to prioritising area based interventions. We assess impacts of area risk factors on drug deaths, finding a strong link to poverty, and a clear overlap between drug death clustering and spatial poverty clustering.
Methods: We analyse drug related deaths in 1279 Scotland neighbourhoods over two periods, 2009-13 and 2014- 18, during which drug related mortality in Scotland has more than doubled. A fully Bayesian approach is used to identify zones with high mortality risk in both a neighbourhood and its spatial lag (“high-high” clusters), and extended to identify recurring high risk clustering over more than one period. Estimation of mortality risks, and of cluster probabilities through periods, is developed in conjunction with a regression model including area risk factors such as deprivation.
Results: Persistent clustering is concentrated in major urban centres, for example, Glasgow and Dundee. Deprivation is the paramount observed risk factor underlying elevated mortality risk, and persistent clustering in drug related mortality shows strong overlaps with poverty clustering. Social fragmentation modifies the paramount influence of poverty on drug mortality risk.
Conclusion: Cluster persistence is a central feature in small area variability in drug related death risk in Scotland intermediate zones, especially in some urban areas.
Knock knee deformity and body mass index among the male school students of 9 to 13 years old of chandigarh, India
Authors: Choudhary Anurag , Singh Parminder , Singh Mandeep , Dhillon Kanwar Mandeep Singh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Study aim: To study knock knee deformity and the body mass index among male school students of Chandigarh, India. The study also intended to evaluate the association of knock knee deformity with BMI.

Material and method: In total, 900 school students were selected, and out of these 300 each were from private, government model and government schools in slum areas. Convenient sampling was employed. The age of the subjects ranged from 9 to 13 years. Height, weight, BMI and intermalleolar distance of selected subjects were assessed. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and correlation were employed.

Results: The highest percentages of obese (11.3%) and overweight (15.3%) students were found in the private schools. The highest percentages of severe knock knee deformity (10.7%) were found in the students of the private schools, whereas 16.7% of students in the government model schools had moderate knock knee deformity. Height, weight and BMI were significantly correlated with knock knee deformity.

Conclusion: Body weight among the school students might be associated with the school type, as the problem of obesity and underweight was pervasive in private and government schools. Knock knee deformity was related to the school type and body weight status.
The Predisposition for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Zenoaga-Barbăroșie C , Berca L , Vassu-Dimov T , Toma M , Nica MI , Alexiu-Toma OA , Ciornei C , Albu A , Nica S , Nistor C , Nica R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are diseases caused by the interaction of genetic and non-genetic factors. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the association between six common genetic polymorphisms and T2DM and MetS in males. A total of 120 T2DM, 75 MetS, and 120 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. ACE ID, eNOS 4a/b, ATR1 A1166C, OXTR (A>G), SOD1 +35A/C, CAT-21A/T gene polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR or PCR-RFLP techniques. T2DM was diagnosed at an earlier age compared to MetS (54 vs 55 years old, p=0.0003) and the difference was greater in carriers of the OXTR G allele (54 vs 56 years old, p=0.0002) or both OXTR G and eNOS b alleles (54 vs 56, p=0.00016). The SOD1 AA genotype (O.R.=0.11, p=0.0006) and the presence of both ACE I and OXTR1 A (O.R.=0.39, p=0.0005) alleles revealed to be protective for T2DM. SOD1 AA and AC genotypes were protective factors for triglyceride (p=0.0002 and p=0.0005, respectively) and HDL cholesterol (p=0.0002 and p=0.0004, respectively) levels in T2DM patients. ACE DD was identified more frequently in hypertensive T2DM patients (O.R.=3.77, p=0.0005) and in those who reported drinking alcohol (p=0.0001) comparing to HC and T2DM patients who did not drink alcohol, respectively. We observed that T2DM patients who reported drinking alcohol had an increased frequency of ACE DD and eNOS bb (p<0.0001), or ACE DD and OXTR G (p<0.0001) compared to non-drinkers. No gene polymorphisms were associated with MetS.
Association of rs35006907 Polymorphism with Risk of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Han Chinese Population
Authors: Yang C , Chen F , Li Sh , Zeng X , Wang Sh , Lan J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Several investigations have demonstrated the association of MTSS1 with left ventricular (LV) structure and function. A recently published study has even revealed that rs35006907 was associated with both MTSS1 expression and the risk of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Objective
Our study intended to investigate the relationship between rs35006907 and the risk of DCM in the Han Chinese population.

Methods
A total of 529 DCM and 600 healthy controls were recruited. We conducted genotyping for rs35006907 in all participants. Gene association studies were performed to assess the association between rs35006907 and the risk of DCM. A series of functional assays including western blot, realtime PCR and firefly luciferase reporter gene assays were conducted to illuminate the underlying mechanism.

Results
We found that rs35006907-A allele was significantly associated with reduced risk of DCM in additive (p= 0.004; OR=0.78; 95% CI=0.66–0.93) and recessive models (p= 0.0005; OR=0.56; 95%CI=0.41–0.78) when compared with the rs35006907-C allele. There were significant differences in the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between rs35006907-CC/AC and AA genotypes. Furthermore, the variant rs35006907-A allele presented lower reporter gene activity, reduced mRNA and protein expression levels when compared with the C allele.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that rs35006907-C allele increased the risk of DCM in Han Chinese population. Besides, rs35006907-C displayed higher reporter gene activity and increased MTSS1 expression in human samples.
Purchase Intent and Product Appeal of Velo Nicotine Pouches Among Current Tobacco Users and Nonusers of Tobacco
Authors: Freeland Robert E. , Battista Deena R. , Polster Michael , Chae Robyn , Dianno Nicole , Frost-Pineda Kimberly 
Published: August 2023

Summary

Background and objectives
Oral nicotine pouches is a rapidly growing product category that potentially offers less risk than combustible tobacco products. Nicotine pouches may provide harm reduction for smokers because they contain no tobacco and have reduced harmful constituents compared to traditional tobacco product categories. Any potential public health benefit must weigh the likelihood that current tobacco users will switch to the lower-risk product against the likelihood that nonusers will start using tobacco products. To our knowledge, no existing studies provide population-level estimates of purchase intent or product appeal across tobacco user groups or how product characteristics might affect those variables.

Methods
This paper presents population-level estimates of purchase intent and product appeal for multiple Velo nicotine pouch products (including different flavors, nicotine strengths, format, and packaging) among five adult tobacco user groups (current established cigarette smokers, current established non-cigarette tobacco users, current tobacco experimenters, former tobacco users, and never ever tobacco users). Over 49,000 respondents were surveyed across twelve analytic samples.

Results
Results for the pooled sample as well as for each individual sample were remarkably consistent for every product. Ratings of purchase intent and appeal are higher for current tobacco users (current established cigarette smokers, current established non-cigarette tobacco users, and current tobacco experimenters) than for former and never ever tobacco users.

Conclusions and scientific significance
Variation in product characteristics had little or no effect on purchase intent or appeal ratings across tobacco user groups, suggesting that product characteristics do not materially affect public health.
Motivation and Engagement as a Predictor of Students’ Science Achievement Satisfaction of Malaysian of Secondary School Students
Authors: Mai Mohammed Y. M. , Yusuf Muhammed , Saleh Maria 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Psychologists consider student engagement as a primary pathway by which motivational processes contribute to students’ learning and development (Connell & Wellborn, 1991). Academically engaged students self-regulate their learning, make plans for upcoming tasks, and persist when encountering obstacles and challenges. The present study intends to analyses the relationship between students’ motivation and engagement and their academic satisfaction and test the effect of some variables (gender, class) on that relation. To accomplish these purposes, this study intends to investigate Malaysian primary school students’ motivation, engagement and achievement satisfaction as predictors of achievement satisfaction in science and test the effect of some variables (gender, grade) on that relation. The students - 460 students (43% male, 57% female) of secondary school- responded to the Self-Developed Academic Satisfaction Questionnaire, Students’ Engagement Questionnaire and Science Motivation Questionnaire. All the questionnaires are valid and reliable according to the Cronbach’s Alpha value. A Multiple linear regression analysis has been used to predict the achievement satisfaction of Science based on the level of students’ motivation and level of engagement in Science classroom. The findings showed that students have a good level of motivation, engagement and achievement satisfaction. Even though students’ motivation is significantly predicted students’ achievement, but neither students’ engagement nor achievement satisfaction are a significant predictor of students’ achievement.
Efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in individuals with type 1 diabetes under continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: a real-world study
Authors: Silva Vania Benido , Fonseca Liliana , Duarte Diana Borges , Puga Francisca Marques , Assuncao Guilherme , Garrido Susana , Teixeira Sofia , Vilaverde Joana , Cardoso Maria Helena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. Adjuvant therapy with sodium-glucose cotransport 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an improvement in glycemic control, but increases the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, real-life studies in individuals with T1D under continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) are still scarce. We present the first real-life study performed in patients with T1D exclusively treated with CSII. The aim of the present study was to assess the metabolic impact and safety of SGLT2i in T1D individuals under CSII.

Methods. Retrospective study includes 34 T1D adult individuals under CSII, who started SGLT2i until 30th June 2021. Data regarding the glycemic control and acute diabetes complications at the moment of introduction of SGLT2i and after 3, 6, and 12 months of use were collected.

Results. Twenty-three individuals were included. Comparing with the moment of SGLT2i introduction after 3, 6, and 12 months of use, there was a statistically significant increase of time in range (TIR) (∆T3M=12.8%; ∆T6M=11.5%; ∆T12M=11.1%), and a decrease in time above range (∆T3M=13.6%; ∆T6M=11.9%; ∆T12M=10.5%). There were no significant differences in time below the range. Mean glucose and mean glucose management indicator significantly reduced in the 3 evaluated moments. A significant reduction in median weight was also observed (∆T6M=2 kg; ∆T12M=4.5 kg). Two patients (8.7%) developed mild euglycemic DKA during SGLT2i treatment, both were women and had body mass index (BMI) <27 kg/m2. One of them had a total daily insulin dose (TDDI) reduction of 26.9% after 3 months of use.

Conclusions. The use of SGLT2i, as an adjuvant treatment in T1D individuals under CSII, was associated with a significant increase of TIR without increasing time in hypoglycemia. It also had a weight benefit. Careful use in selected participants is necessary to reduce the occurrence of DKA.