bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimated Number of Cataract Surgeries Performed in Government Hospitals in Nigeria and Factors Affecting Cataract Surgical Activity
Authors: Aniemeka Dilichukwu Isioma , Buchan John , Adeke Azuka Stephen , Dange Abubakar , Momoh Nanaishat 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
To estimate the number of cataract surgeries performed from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019 in government hospitals in Nigeria and explore factors affecting their cataract surgical activity.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study conducted between 1 August 2020 and 4 October 2020 through online survey emailed to respondents working in 55 government-owned hospitals in the 36 Nigerian states and federal capital territory. Information obtained included a number of cataract surgeries performed yearly and correlation analysed between variables obtained using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences software for Windows version 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).

Results:
A total of 40 institutions were included in the study, 26 (65%) federal government and 16 (35%) state government institutions. About 70,792 cataract surgeries were performed during the study period with the North-West geopolitical zone performing 47.7% of the surgeries. The average price for cataract surgical service in government hospital was USD($)77.45(±7.08) (surgical fee) and USD ($) 128.23(±11.96) (total treatment cost) with a wide variation from zone-to-zone. Lower fees were associated with increased surgical volumes, and GNI per capita of each state did not influence the price set for surgery or the number of surgeries performed. Provision of outreach services, free surgeries, and having an eye manager correlated to increased cataract surgical numbers (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
There is need to improve existing strategies to increase cataract surgical numbers in government institutions such as increased advocacy for funding for eye care services, conducting frequent outreaches, establishing and redistribution of satellite centres to underserved communities and fostering surgical relationships between institutions to improve surgeon’s competency and cataract surgical outcome.
A Report of Three Cases of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia Treated with 5-Fluorouracil Drops
Authors: Ubah Josephine Nonye , Otuka Olufunmi Adebimpe Ijeoma 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To raise the awareness of the use of topical 5-fluorouracil in management of recurrent ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Methods
A case series study carried out at an Ophthalmic clinic, in Western Nigeria. The subjects were managed for ocular surface squamous neoplasm.

Results
Three patients aged 31–52 years were seen in the period of study. They were operated upon and early recurrence was noted in them. 5-Flourouracil eye drop was used in the management of recurrent tumor with good results.

Conclusion
There was good response with the use of topical 5-fluorouracil for the management of recurrent ocular surface squamous neoplasia.
Characteristic Factors of Health Micro Insurance Against Considerations in Selection of Health Service Facilities
Authors: Serila Radya Pratiwi , Susanti Dwi , Riaman Riaman 
Published: February 2023

Indonesia is still faced with a series of health problems. One of the causes of health problems is the expensive cost of treatment. An alternative that people can choose for health financing is to have health micro-insurance aimed at lower-middle-class households. The purpose of this study was to identify factors characteristic of micro-insurance, against the consideration of choosing health service facilities. The data used were primary data obtained through a questionnaire of 220 health micro-insurance participants. This research was analyzed with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results of the analysis show that the characteristics of hospitals that are registered as good quality micro-insurance services and responsive to providing referrals to hospitals, when there are patient complaints are the main factors in considering the choice of health service facilities.
« Bon pays de France ». Enjeu national et joutes poétiques sous le règne de François Ier
Authors: Mueggler Nina 
Published: February 2023

Le règne de François Ier, poète et musagète, marque une étape cruciale dans la constitution de la nation française. Autour de lui, se déploie une vive sociabilité qui agit comme véritable moteur de la création, dont témoigne une prolifération de concours et de querelles poétiques. L’hypothèse qui fonde le centre de cette enquête est que ces joutes, tantôt ludiques, tantôt virulentes, s’inscrivent au cœur de la définition de la nation et qu’elles contribuent à en dessiner les contours. L’enjeu national permet d’explorer la façon dont les acteurs du livre, de l’auteur au libraire, négocient les différentes composantes de cette France inchoative – roi, institutions, langues, religion, géographie, origines, hiérarchie sociale – pour en imposer leurs propres définitions. L’articulation des trajectoires individuelles et collectives révèle de complexes stratégies socio-poétiques qui font émerger des valeurs nationales (telles que la grâce, la fidélité, l’unité ou la liberté) dans cette France en pleine mutation.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN OTORITER, DEMOKRASI DAN KEDISPLINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK KABUPATEN PIDIE
Authors: Abdullah Husaini , Arjuniadi Arjuniadi , Kusma Aila 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Otoriter, Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokrasi dan Kedisiplinan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Pidie”. Dimana variabel independen yaitu Gaya Kepemimpinan Otoriter (X1), Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokrasi (X2) dan Kedisiplinan (X3), dan Kinerja Pegawai (Y) sebagai variabel dependennya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai yang bekerja pada Badan Pusat Statistik kabupaten Pidie yang mana jumlahnya 34 Pegawai. Seluruh populasi dalam penelitian ini diambil sebagai Sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Convinience Sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh persamaan regresi: Y = 3.529 + 0,316 X1 + 0,236 X2 + 0,364 X3. Berdasarkan hasil analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari kedua variabel yang diteliti, ternyata variabel Kedisiplinan (X3) mempunyai pengaruh yang paling dominan sebesar 36,4 % terhadap Kinerja (Y) Pegawai di Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Pidie. Hubungan antara variabel dependen dan independen yaitu masing-masing variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan Otoriter (X1), Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokrasi (X2) dan Kedisiplinan (X3), terhadap Kinerja (Y) Pegawai di Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Pidie dengan indeks korelasi sebesar 98,5 % Ini berarti hubungan tersebut sangat kuat.
VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenj (VIKOR) Method: MCDM Approach for the Medical Diagnosis of Vector-Borne Diseases
Authors: Kumar Vijay 
Published: February 2023

In dealing with the medical decision-making with uncertainty, clinical diagnosis of diseases is very difficult without the interventionof domain experts. In this work, an approach has been developed that provides handheld support to the medical practitioners for the medical diagnosis of diseases. With the assistance of the three domain experts of Delhi-based Government hospital, linguistic information of four patients has been collected under intuitionistic fuzzy environment. VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenj method, a multi-criteria decision-making technique, is utilized to rank the diseases among the patients. It seems that the conclusive outcomes of the investigation are same as diagnosed by medical specialists.

Received: 27 October 2022 | Revised: 17 January 2023 | Accepted: 29 January 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Analisis usaha kerupuk cap udang (studi kasus usaha kerupuk bapak Iskandar di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen)
Authors: Azmi Said , Nur T M 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen pada bulan Juli 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan usaha kerupuk cap udang di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan rumus analisis biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan, Break Even Point (BEP), Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C) dan Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa agroindustri kerupuk cap udang Bapak Iskandar di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen menguntungkan, dengan total keuntungan adalah sebesar Rp. 37.895.694,-/bulan. Dari perhitungan nilai BEP, R/C dan B/C dapat disimpulkan bahwa agroindustri kerupuk cap udang di Desa Sampo Ajad Kecamatan Jeunieb Kabupaten Bireuen layak untuk diusahakan.
Kata Kunci: Analisis Kelayakan, Agroindustri Kerupuk Cap Udang.
Analisis pendapatan usaha minyak kelapa di Gampong Paya Angkuluh Kecamatan Kutablang Kabupaten Bireuen
Authors: Amin Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada usaha Usaha Minyak Kelapa Di Gampong Paya Rangkuluh Kecamatan Kutablang Kabupaten Bireuen, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan usaha minyak kelapa di Gampong Paya Rangkuluh Kecamatan Kutablang Kabupaten Bireuen. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh langsung melalui wawancara dengan responden. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis keuntungan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata keuntungan yang diperoleh oleh pemilik usaha produksi minyak kelapa di Desa Paya Rangkuluh berbeda-beda yaitu tergantung pada skala usaha dan besar biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan. Rata-rata keuntungan bersih dari pemilik usaha yaitu sebesar Rp.364.384.000/, dan rata-rata biaya yang dikeluarkan Rp.1.120.396.000/tahun. Usaha produksi minyak kelapa di Desa Paya Rangkuluh Kecamatan KutaBlang Kabupaten Bireuen menguntungkan dan bagus untuk dikembangkan sesuai hasil penelitian yaitu diperoleh B/C Ratio 1,325.
Kata kunci : Analisis, Keuntungan, Usaha Produks, Minyak Kelapa
Comparison of Surgically Induced Astigmatism between Superior and Supero-Temporal Incisions in Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery
Authors: Rauf Abdul , Ahmad Farooq , Malik Muhammad Bilal , Khan Abdul Munim , Abbas Hussnain , Suri Ayesha Khan 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To compare visual outcomes and differences in surgically induced astigmatism between superior and supero temporal incisions in manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS).
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalakot Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2017.
Methodology: Sixty patients were selected and divided into two groups of 30 patients each. One Group was given a superior incision, the other was made the supero-temporal incision, and Manual small incision cataract surgery was performed.Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, keratometry and refractive data were collected for all patients. In addition,surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was analysed using a line SIA calculator.
Results: The mean age of our patients was 59.57±10.13 years. Post-operatively, the visual acuity significantly improved in both groups. Mean induced astigmatism due to surgery came out to be 0.75±0.44 D for the superior incision and 0.45±0.18 D for the supero- temporal incision. The study found that in the Superior Incision-Group, induced astigmatism was slightly higher than in the Supero-Temporal-Group. Moreover, the Supero-Temporal-Group had a better uncorrected visual outcome than the Superior Incision-Group.
Conclusion: Overall, manual small incision cataract surgery has good visual outcomes. Manual small incision cataract surgery through supero-temporal incision was found to have a better visual outcome with less surgically induced astigmatism than the superior incision.
Healthcare Utilization, Induced Labour and Caesarean Section in the Pregnancy after Stillbirth: A Prospective Study
Authors: Hina Urooj , Baqai Shehla , Choudry Abeera , Saeed Saira , Urooj Uzma 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To measure the healthcare utilization, induced labour and frequency of C-sections in the pregnancy after stillbirth in the tertiary care setting.
Study Design: Comparative prospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Sep 2018-Sep 2019.Methodology: A total of 181 pregnant women were recruited and divided into two groups; Group-1=75pregnant women afterstillbirth and Group-2=106 pregnant women after live birth. Data regarding the healthcare utilization, induced labour, onset and mode of delivery and caesarean section was collected after the informed consent.
Results: Mean age of the study population (n=181) was 28.73±5.0 years (Range:19-40 years). Group-1 females had more antenatal visits (7.88±3.60) compared to women of Group-2 (6.18±2.90) (p-value=0.001). History of Induced labour and caesarean section were also more in Group-1 (Stillbirth-Group). Pregnant women in Group-1 were found to be significantly more worried about the pregnancy outcome in 53(70.7%) as compared to Group-2 in 5(4.7%) with a p-value of <0.001.
Conclusion: Pregnant women after stillbirth were significantly avid users of healthcare services and had more induced labour and caesarean section.
Optimization of Blood Pressure in Adult Hypertensive Patients with Lifestyle Modifications
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Hafeez Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Shah Syed Umer , Khan Mohammad Shahid , Shabir Muhammad Mehtab 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the impact of lifestyle on the optimization of blood pressure in adult hypertensive patients
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, Aug 2019 to Jan 2020
Methodology: The study population comprised of 200 hypertension patients reporting for routine follow-up. Patients were divided into two groups. Group-A (controls) had the patients with the continuation of the routine anti-hypertensive medication. At the same time, Group-B (cases) received lifestyle modifications (salt restriction, quitting smoking and daily step count by using a pedometer) in addition to the routine anti-hypertension medication. Control of blood pressure among the groups was compared three months after the start of the study.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 46.50±3.56 years. The mean duration of hypertension in the study participants was 5.12±3.24 years. Optimal blood pressure was achieved in 103(51.5%), while this was not achieved in 97(48.5%). With the help of binary logistic regression analysis, we found a statistically significant difference in achieving optimal blood pressure control among the cases and controls. Gender was also statistically significant in achieving control of blood pressure (pvalue<0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed a significant difference in optimizing the blood pressure of patients who received lifestyle modification in addition to conventional biological treatment than those who only received the routine anti-hypertensive medication. Females also had better control as compared to males.
Etiological Pattern, Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Patients with Proptosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Zahir Syed Imad , Khan Muhammad Usman , Ahmad Maqsood , Hussain Ibrar , Hamayun Jawad 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the etiological pattern, clinical presentation and outcome of patients with proptosis in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan, from Jan 2019 to Jun 2020.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 60 patients having proptosis. Patients were treated either medically, surgically or both. The demographic profile included age, gender and type of proptosis. The outcome included recovery, re-treatment,referral to the relevant speciality and loss to follow-up, were measured.
Results: Out of 60 patients with proptosis, 39 were males, and 21 were female. Fifty-two patients had unilateral, and 8 had bilateral proptosis, with the majority suffering from non-axial proptosis. On aetiology exhibited tumours (45%), infectious (25%), inflammatory (16.6%), vascular (6.66%) and injury (6.66%). The surgical procedure was indicated in 27(45%) patients,while medical treatment was given in 28(46.6%) patients. Five patients (8.4%) received both surgical and medical treatment. Out of 60 patients, 26 patients (46.33%) fully recovered and 11 patients (18.33%) did not recover, 17(28.33%) patients were referred to other specialities for management, and 5(8.3%) patients lost to follow-up.
Conclusion: In our study, tumours were the main cause of proptosis, followed by infective and inflammatory causes, with the paediatric age group (<18 years) at more risk.
Factors Associated with Psychiatric Morbidity among Patients who tested Positive and Isolated for COVID-19
Authors: Athar Muhammad Hammad , Zubair Usama Bin , Shoaib Muhammad Shahbaz , Zubair Hamza Bin , Yasir Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Zia Nadeem 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To look for the psychiatric morbidity and associated socio-demographic factors among patients who tested positive and isolated for COVID-19.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Malir Pakistan, from Mar to May 2020.
Methodology: All patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were admitted to the COVID-19 Ward without complications were included in the study. General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was administered to look for the presence of psychiatric morbidity.
Results: Out of 61 patients included in the study, 45(73.7%) showed the presence of psychiatric morbidity, while 16(26.3%) did not show psychiatric morbidity when screened with GHQ-12. 43(70.4%) were male, while 18(29.6%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 35.21±2.355 years. The advanced age and female gender have a statistically significant relationship (pvalue<0.05) with the presence of psychiatric morbidity among patients of COVID-19.
Conclusion: Many patients had psychiatric morbidity after being tested positive for COVID -19 and were isolated in the health facility. Female patients and patients aged more than 40 years were found to be more at risk of developing psychiatric morbidity among the patients admitted to COVID -19 ward.
Histopathological Analysis of Gastric Biopsies using Updated Sydney System
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Afridi Nabeel Khan , Nawaid Muhammad Amir , Tariq Hassan , Bajwa Akhter Ali , Khan Naveed 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To analyse histopathological findings in gastric biopsies of patients with dyspepsia using an updated Sydney System.
Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal study.
Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology Department, Najran Armed Forces Hospital (NAFH), Saudi Arabia, from Jan 2013 to Mar 2020.
Methodology: A total of 408 cases whose gastric biopsies were included in the study, and their histological features were studied.
Results: Among 408 patients included in the study, 191(46.8%) were males, and 217(53.2%) were females. The mean age was 37.0±15.0 years. A total of 343 patients showed gastritis, which was mild 152(44.3%), moderate 158(46.1%) and severe 33(9.6%), respectively. The activity was observed in 200(49.0%) patients. H.pylori infection was observed in 196(48.0%) patients and intestinal metaplasia in 9(2.2%) patients.
Conclusion: Most of the cases with dyspepsia showed histological evidence of gastritis. However, a significant number of patients had no gastric mucosal abnormality. Therefore, adequate and timely treatment of H.pylori infection can significantly reduce related morbidity.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Detecting Placenta Accrete Keeping Post-Operative Histopathology Findings as a Gold Standard
Authors: Balooch Salahuddin , Javed Sana , Niazi Najam us Saqib , Zafar Kiran , Haider Amir Hayat , Amir Muhammad Omar 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in diagnosing placenta accrete with post-operative histopathological findings considered a gold standard.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of study: Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2020.Methodology: In total, 119 individuals suspected of placenta accreta were evaluated with the help of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, confirmation for 71 patients was obtained based on clinical criteria at the time of delivery.
Results: The mean age of women was 28.67±5.64 years, and the mean gestational age for the foetus was 33.14±1.74 weeks. The present study showed that MRI has 90(141%) sensitivity, 91(66%) specificity, 94(11%) positive predictive value (PPV), and 86(27%) negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of 90(75%) for diagnosing placental accreta.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the use of MRI should be encouraged as an efficient and primary diagnostic tool for placenta accreta.
Frequency of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effects in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi
Authors: Niazi Ghulam Abbas Khan , Ishtiaq Qasim , Khan Jamal Azfar , Ather Nadia Aziz , Satti Muhammad Luqman 
Published: February 2023

Objective: to determine the frequency of the possible side effects of the COVID -19 inactivated vaccine.
Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital, Karachi Pakistan from Jan to Apr 2021.
Methodology: A total of 305 recipients of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine were asked to fill out a questionnaire themselves or by the health care worker via telephonic conversation. The questionnaire comprised queries regarding general and local side effects that the participants experienced after getting vaccinated for COVID-19.
Results: Out of 305 recipients, 270(88.5%) were men, and 35(11.5%) were women. Participants' age ranged from 18-60 years.After the first dose, 83(27.2%) cases [male 63(23.3%) vs. female 20(57.1%)], were reported with side effects, while 75(24.5%)recipients, [male: 54(19.9%) vs. female: 21(58.8%)], had side effects after the second dose. Generalized symptoms were fever,headache, dizziness, and body aches, while local side effects were pain, itching, swelling and rash at the injection site.259(84.9%) recipients reported spontaneous recovery after the first dose. After the second dose, 286(93.8%) recipients recovered spontaneously. The remaining 44(13%) of the recipients' required symptomatic treatment. After the second dose,only 19(6%) recipients needed symptomatic treatment.
Conclusion: It is important to document the possible side effects of COVID vaccine so that public awareness and education can be made to minimize public fear of vaccine side effects. Inactivated vaccine for COVID-19 has minimal reported side effects and hence has a good safety profile.
Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Saponin Ekstrak Butanol Daun Majapahit (Cresentia cujete) Dengan Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dan Spektrofotometri Infra Merah
Authors: Firawati Firawati 
Published: February 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa saponin ekstrak butanol daun majapahit (Cresentia cujete). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa isolat murni ekstrak butanol daun majapahit dengan nilai Rf 0,6 diduga teridentifikasi mengandung senyawa saponin pada uji busa dan hasil spektum infra merah yang ditandai dengan adanya gugus O-H, C=C, C-C, dan C-H. Kata kunci: Saponin, Majapahit (Cresentia cujete), KLT, dan spektrofotometri infra merah.