bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Action research to foster knowledge and understanding of medical and health sciences students about patient safety in a climate of interprofessional education
Authors: Guraya Salman Yousuf , Sulaiman Nabil , Hasswan Ahmed , Salmanpour Vida Abdolhamid , Jirjees Feras Jassim , Taha Mohamed Hassan , Mahmoud Ibrahim Eltayeb , Alamara Jennat , Kawas Sausan AL , Awad Manal , Dias Jacqueline Maria , David Leena R , Haider Mohamed Aly , Salman Shaista , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Al-Qallaf Amal , Shorbagi Sara 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional education (IPE) plays an elementary role in improving healthcare outcomes by shared understanding and by reducing errors and adverse events. Unfortunately, most medical and health professionals have not received training for patient safety in an interprofessional setting, which can meet the needs of healthcare systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an IPE-based workshop in fostering the knowledge and understanding of senior medical and health sciences students about patient safety at the University of Sharjah in UAE.
Methods
Using a random sampling technique, we recruited students from College of Medicine (CoM), College of Pharmacy (CoP), College of Dental Medicine (CDM), and College of Health Sciences (CHS). The online synchronous real-time workshop included interactive resource sessions, breakout room discussions using real clinical cases, and pre-post surveys using a questionnaire with three domains of patient safety; medical professionalism, leadership in healthcare, and precision medicine.
Results
A total of 248 students and 20 facilitators participated in the workshop. CoM had the highest representation (47.5%), followed by CoP (36.5%), CHS (13.3%), and CDM (2.7%). There was statistically improved understanding in all domains of patient safety across all colleges (p < 0.001). Notably, students in years four and five from CoM and CoP showed significant improvement in their perceptions than other colleges (p < 0.001). The participants encountered challenges of weak internet connections, software issues, technical failures, and power outages during the workshop
Conclusion
This study highlights a positive impact of the IPE-based interventional workshop on the students' knowledge of patient safety. This underscores the paramount role of IPE in improving perceptions and approaches towards patient safety in the context of healthcare education.
Enhancement of crystallization and adjustment properties for biocompatible poly(lactide)-based thermoplastic polyurethane via stereocomplexation
Authors: Jing Zhanxin , Huang Xiaolan , Liang Jialing , Xu Chenyue , Li Yong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A novel biocompatible PLA-based thermoplastic polyurethane based on poly(lactide)-b-poly(hexylene succinate)-b-poly(lactide) triblock copolymers was synthesized via polycondensation, ring-opening polymerization and chain extension reactions. The chemical structure and molecular weight of the synthesized PLA-based thermoplastic polyurethane were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and GPC, and the results revealed that the synthesized polyurethane with multi-block structure exhibited a larger molecular weight with respect to the corresponding triblock precursor. XRD and DSC results indicated that thermoplastic polyurethane exhibited poor crystallization ability, which may be attributed to the restriction imposed by the multi-block structure of the resulting polyurethane. The occurrence of stereocomplexation significantly improved the crystallization ability of PLA-based polyurethane. The measurement on mechanical, shape memory, hydrophilicity and biodegradation properties of the resulting materials were conducted, and the results were discussed to correlate the varying compositions and the formation of stereocomplex crystals to these properties. It was identified that the increased stereocomplex crystallinity reduced the hydrophilicity and biodegradation rate of PLA-based thermoplastic polyurethane. The synthesized materials were also evaluated for their biocompatibility by in vitro hemolysis and cytotoxicity experiments which renders them as potential in-vivo implantable materials.
Incidence and Predictors of Dystocia of Active First Stage of Labor at Debremarkos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Amhara, North West Ethiopia, 2022/2023
Authors: Nigussie Tirusew , Azanaw Getnet , Shumye Muhabaw 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Dystocia of active first stage of labor `has a notable contribution to maternal and fetal and / or neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is a main reason for the increasing rate of cesarean delivery in the world. Majorities of the determinants of dystocia in active first stage of labor could be modifiable, and may vary across the settings and over time trend. So, contextual scientific studies in this regard are imperative for evidence-based interventions. However, there was a dearth of evidence about extent and contributing factors of dystocia of active first stage of labor in Ethiopia.
Objective
This study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of dystocia of active first stage of labor among laboring women at debremarkos comprehensive specialized hospital Amhara, northwest Ethiopia, 2022/23.
Methods
Prospective cohort study was conducted among 656 laboring women from October 20 to January 4/2023. The study participants were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through observation, interview using a pretested structured questionnaire, and document review. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. Binary Logistic Regression was fitted and the level of significance was declared based on Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p-value of ≤ 0.05.
Result
The overall incidence of dystocia of AFSOL was 35.3%( 95%CI: 31.9, 39.2). Induction of labor (AOR: 2.5; 95%CI: 1.23. 5.42), admitting of laboring mother with cervical dilation of < 4cm (AOR: 2.9; 95%CI: 1.72, 4.93), poor health care provider support (AOR: 7.5; 95%CI: 4.18, 13.67), and caffeine intake > 200mg (≥ 3cup of coffee) (AOR: 3.7; 95%CI: 1.80, 7.74), Drinking of linseed (AOR: 0.28; 95%CI: .14, .55), ANC follow up (AOR: .24; 95%CI: .09, .63), and ambulation during AFSOL (AOR: 0.31; 95%CI: .13, .69) were predictors of dystocia of active 1st stage of labor.
Conclusion
The incidence of DAFSOL was high. Having ANC follow up, eating/drinking of linseed at the onset of labor pain and ambulating during active first stage of labor, drinking of three or more cup of coffee per day during pregnancy, induction of labor, poor health care provider support during AFSOL and admitting of the laboring mothers while cervical dilation < 4cm were predictors of DAFSOL. Adopting WHO labor care guide and encouraging health care providers to practice evidence based practice regarding the management of active 1st stage of labor and good patient handling during the laboring process is recommended to minimize the diagnosis of DAFSOL and its unnecessary interventions.
Batch-Corrected Distance Mitigates Temporal and Spatial Variability for Clustering and Visualization of Single-Cell Gene Expression Data
Authors: Chen Ken , Liang Shaoheng , Dou Jinzhuang , Iqbal Ramiz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Clustering and visualization are essential parts of single-cell gene expression data analysis. The Euclidean distance used in most distance-based methods is not optimal. The batch effect, i.e., the variability among samples gathered from different times, tissues, and patients, introduces large between-group distance and obscures the true identities of cells. To solve this problem, we introduce Batch-Corrected Distance (BCD), a metric using temporal/spatial locality of the batch effect to control for such factors. We validate BCD on simulated data as well as applied it to a mouse retina development dataset and a lung dataset. We also found the utility of our approach in understanding the progression of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). BCD achieves more accurate clusters and better visualizations than state-of-the-art batch correction methods on longitudinal datasets. BCD can be directly integrated with most clustering and visualization methods to enable more scientific findings.
Proteomics analyses of five potential plasma-derived exosomal biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Xu Shasha , Zhai Yi , Wang Chen , Zhang Yang , Liu Xiaowei , Jiang Jianjun , Mi Yafei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is considered to be one of the most common cardiovascular complications. Recently, various research studies have shown that exosomes play a significant rolein the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is still a lack of relevant research on the relationship between plasma exosomes and AMI. This retrospective study investigated the base date of patients with AMI(n = 20), stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 20), and noncoronary heart disease (CON, n = 20). Proteomics was used to systematically screen the differential proteins of plasma exosomes in patients with clinical AMI, SAP, and CON. Then, the results were further verified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and ELISA . Among the differential expression proteins, 5 proteins were quantified by PRM. Compared with the CON group, heparin cofactor 2 (SERPIND1), mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 (MASP1), ficolin-2 (FCN2), and α1-Microglobulin/bikuninprecursor (AMBP)were upregulated in AMI and SAP, and they were more highly expressed in AMI than in SAP. Additionally, human leukocyte antigen (HLA-C) was found to be downregulated not only in exosomes, but also in plasma. The expression of four plasma exosomes biomarkersin AMI patients and stable angina pectoris (SAP) was higher than that in noncoronary heart disease (NCHD) patients, and HLA-C was found to be downregulated not only in exosomes, but also in plasma. The obtained results serve as anew candidate targetfor the detectionand therapyof AMI.
Markedly Low Prevalence of Fatty Liver despite Obesity in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Search for Protective Genetic Markers
Authors: Murik Omer , Gross-Tsur Varda , Mann Tzvia , Zeevi David A. , Baraghithy Saja , Altarescu Gheona , Tam Joseph , Hirsch Harry J. , Shteyer Eyal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background & Aims.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in all ages that may cause significant morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of the disease is not fully elucidated but genetic factors have a major role in the development of NAFLD. Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurogenetic, multisystemic disorder in which the main symptom is lack of satiety with uncontrolled eating and severe obesity. Despite obesity, NAFLD is relatively rare in PWS. The aim of this study was to assess whether known NAFLD-associated small nucleotide variants (SNVs) play a role in the protection from NAFLD in PWS.
Approach & Results.
Using targeted amplicon next generation sequencing, we studied DNA from patients with PWS and genotyped 13 SNVs that were previously associated with high risk for NAFLD. The study population included 142 (69 females) individuals with genetically confirmed PWS. Median age was 17.5 years, BMI z-score was 2.13 ± 1.9 and mean ALT and AST were 22 ± 20 units/L and 29 ± 17 units/L, respectively. Five of the 13 SNVs showed significantly lower frequency of the risk allele in our cohort compared to healthy population frequencies. Cumulative risk score for all 13 SNVs was also significantly lower in our cohort of PWS patients compared to the healthy population (adjusted p-value, 1.85E-5). Furthermore, it was found that Ashkenazi Jews have lower frequency of the risk alleles of NAFLD.
Conclusions.
Our results show that genetic factors may protect patients with PWS from developing NAFLD. Larger scale studies should be performed to confirm our findings.
Measuring Outcomes of Educational Activities with a Novel Virtual Patient Simulation-Gamification Platform
Authors: Iancu Igal , Zehavi Liron , Kaminer Ofek , Draznin Boris 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background The goal of continuing medical education (CME) is to help healthcare providers (HCP) improve their knowledge and levels of competency and enhance their professional performance in practice. Despite the long history of the CME and the CME-like programs, proof of their success in demonstrating improved clinical outcomes has been difficult to obtain. Lately, digital encounters of virtual patient simulation (VPS) have disrupted medical education, replacing traditional presentations followed by multiple-choice questions as a means of assessing learning and progress.Methods The most current VPS applications can deliver educational activity in an engaging, “video game-style” way, allowing practice in a safe environment, and providing individualized detailed analysis of potential outcomes. We utilized the advanced VPS gamification platform (Edocate Ltd., Ramat Gan, Israel) to analyze the outcomes of educational activities offered in various settings. We analyzed the data collected by the platform in real-time that provide an objective picture of the learner’s performance of physical examination, diagnostic considerations, prescription patterns of various medications, appropriateness of laboratory and imaging investigation, referral patterns, and adherence to guidelines and best practices.Results Three virtual patient scenarios (obesity and type 2 diabetes) were offered to the learners with the time interval between the cases varied from 1 day to 6 weeks, 10 days on average, allowing us to assess the durability of the acquisition of knowledge. This CME activity was tested in 126 physicians and 261 advanced practice providers. Data analysis identified gaps in knowledge and competence, adherence to the most recent guidelines, selection and application of auxiliary tests, referral pattern to specialists, as well as prescription patterns and familiarity with medications and their side effects. From the learner’s side, utilization of VPS resulted in improved performance from one case to another. From the program host’s point of view, the advanced VPS platform allowed the development of measurable, detailed insights into what learners have done individually and as a group.Conclusions This study demonstrates the effectiveness, advantages, and limitations of the VPS-gamification platform in assessing knowledge gaps, performance, prescription patterns, and clinical competency improvement among learners.
Notch Intracellular Domains form Transcriptionally Active Heterodimeric Complexes on Sequence-paired Sites
Authors: Gazdik Tana R. , Crow Jacob J. , Lawton Tyler , Munroe Chloe J. , Theriault Hannah , Wood Travis M. , Albig Allan R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Notch signaling is universally conserved in metazoans where it is important for a wide variety of both normal and abnormal physiology. All four mammalian Notch receptors are activated by a conserved mechanism that releases Notch intracellular domains (NICDs) from the plasma membrane to translocate to the nucleus. Once there, NICDs interact through highly conserved ankyrin domains to form head-to-head homodimers on Notch sensitive promoters and stimulate transcription. Due to the highly conserved nature of these Notch ankyrin domains in all four mammalian Notch proteins, we hypothesized that NICDs may also engage in heterodimerization. Our results reveal the presence of two NICD dimerization states that can both engage in homo and heterodimerization. Using a Co-IP approach, we show that all NICD’s can form non-transcriptionally active dimers and that the N4ICD appears to perform this function better than the other NICDs. Using a combination of ChIP analysis and transcriptional reporter assays, we also demonstrate the formation of transcriptionally active heterodimers that form on DNA. In particular, we demonstrate heterodimerization between the N2ICD and N4ICD and show that this heterodimer pair appears to exhibit differential activity on various Notch sensitive promoters. These results illustrate a new diversification of Notch signaling mechanisms which will help us better understand basic Notch function.
Study on design of conical arc side-edge milling cutter and cutting performance under the ultrasonic vibration assisted condition
Authors: Wang Guangyue , Xu Wenyuan , Li Chunhui , Liu Jiaming , Chen Tao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Titanium alloy aviation structural parts are one of the critical parts of the aircraft, with complex thin-walled cavity structure, many kinds of surfaces. For the surface side milling finishing most of the use of ball end milling cutter, but there are some problems in the machining process, such as poor cutting conditions at the bottom of the end teeth, small cutting speed and small chip space. Given the above issues, the research on the design and manufacture of conical arc side-edge milling cutter for titanium alloy processing was carried out in this paper; the mathematical model of the vital structure of conical arc side-edge milling cutter was established; the grinding trajectory equations of tool front and flank were deduced; the tool-workpiece kinematics of ultrasonic vibration applied to conical arc side edge was studied; and the comparative experimental study of the conical arc side-edge milling cutter cutting titanium alloy with and without ultrasonic vibration assistance was carried out. The experimental results show that ultrasonic vibration reduces cutting force, tool wear, and chip plastic deformation.
Managing climate risks: New evidence from integrated analysis at the basin scale
Authors: Baccour Safa , Albiac Jose , Ward Frank , Kahil Taher , Esteban Encarna , Uche Javier , Calvo Elena , Crespo Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Safe, reliable, and equitable water access is critical for sustaining healthy livelihoods. Climate water stress is a growing challenge internationally making it difficult to achieve sustainable management of river basins. Addressing the problem requires integrated multi-sector water management strategies for climate resilience. The Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus offers promise as a comprehensive framework to guide science-based plans to achieve sustainable development goals. Several nexus approaches have been proposed in previous works. However, none to date has conceptualized, formulated, tested, validated, and applied a comprehensive dynamic optimization framework that includes several water-using sectors including ecosystems for a significant river basin supporting livelihoods of large numbers of people. The original contribution of this paper is to make headway on filling these gaps, taking Spain’s Ebro Basin as a case study, providing evidence to guide science-based policy reform. This work’s innovations illustrate the previously untested use of information to guide proposed water allocations among several economic sectors including protection of key ecological assets. Results provide a rigorous framework for measuring the level and distribution of benefits and costs among sectors and stakeholders. Findings reveal a range of policy choices that improve the hydrologic and economic performance of water management compared to the current policy for addressing climate change. Policy options that systematically account for the full range of benefits of environmental flows guide science-informed strategies for guiding climate resilience planning. They can increase stream flows in rivers, enhance water security and biodiversity, and reduce the economic burdens imposed by climate risks.
WITHDRAWN: The Impact of Decompressive Craniectomy on the Prognosis of Pediatric Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Chen Ruonan , Dang Hongxing , Fu Yueqiang , Li Jing , Liu Chengjun , Xu Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of disability and mortality in children. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a treatment strategy to manage refractory intracranial hypertension in patients with TBI. However, the efficacy of DC in children with moderate-to-severe TBI remains unclear.Objective This paired case–control study analyzes the characteristics of moderate-to-severe TBI in children treated with DC and explores the clinical effect of DC compared with non-DC treatment.Methods Retrospective matched case–control analysis was conducted on 47 children with moderate-to-severe TBI who underwent DC. Each child who underwent DC was matched with one child who did not undergo DC according to age, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), pupil response, and cranial CT findings on admission to make the primary condition of injury as comparable as possible. Mortality, Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) at discharge, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in ICU, and length of stay in the hospital were compared between the two groups.Results The DC and non-DC groups did not show a statistically significant difference in mortality (p = 0.199). However, the DC group exhibited a superior PCPC score upon discharge (p = 0.014) compared to the non-DC group. No statistically significant differences were found in the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 3 months (p = 0.189), duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.819), length of ICU stay (p = 0.206), or length of hospital stay (p = 0.935) between the two groups.Conclusion Pediatric patients who receive DC demonstrate an improved Pediatric PCPC score at discharge compared to those treated without DC. However, there is no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups.
A versatile, phase coherent data acquisition system based on software-defined radio for graphene nanomechanics
Authors: Moser Joel , Zhang Ce , Zhang YuBin , Yang Chen , Lu Heng , Chen FengNan , Yan Ying 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Software-defined radios (SDRs) are radio frequency transceivers in which an important part of signal processing is performed digitally using vast libraries of open-source software. Here, we assemble a simple data acquisition system whose architecture, based on SDR, allows us to design a comprehensive suite of tools to study the vibrations of a few-layer graphene nanomechanical resonator. Namely, we measure the cross-spectrum of vibrations in frequency domain, we measure their energy decay rate in time domain, we perform vector measurements of their in-phase and quadrature components, and we control their phase using a time-dependent strain field --all with a single measurement platform. Finally, we drive vibrations with a modulated signal output by a SDR transmitter and demodulate the response with a SDR receiver in the form of a video. Our approach allows us to tailor our experiments at will and gives us control over every stage of data processing. Overall, our versatile system enables measuring a wide range of nanomechanical properties of graphene by customizing the signal acquisition and replacing some analog electrical circuits, such as filters, mixers, modulators and demodulators, by blocks of code.