bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of compliance with Iron Folic Acid Supplementation among pregnant women in North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Ejara Daba , Ferede Amsal , Shifa Jemal Ebrahim , Bekele Fikadu , Ahmed Tahir 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Iron deficiency is the world's highly prevalent micronutrient deficiency, affecting more than 30% of the global population. Pregnant women commonly use iron folic acid (IFA) supplements to prevent iron deficiency, anemia and neural tube anomalies during gestation. IFA supplementation is a crucial component of antenatal care (ANC) in Ethiopia, although its efficacy and success have been hindered primarily by the non-compliance seen among women who are pregnant. Despite this, factors that determine the compliance of women to the recommended IFA supplementation are not well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of compliance with IFA supplementation among pregnant women attending ANC.
Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 pregnant women from March 20 – April 5, 2021. Based on the stated number of IFA pills consumed in the seven days prior to the survey, compliance with IFA supplementation was assessed. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data were entered into epi-data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary logistic regression model was used and variables with a P-value < 0.25 in a bivariate analysis were included in multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of compliance with IFA. Statistically significant was declared at P-value of 0.05 or lower.
Result
The compliance with Iron folic acid supplementation was 47.0% (95% CI: 43.1–51.2). Educational status of the women (AOR = 4.42; 95% CI: 1.32, 13.50), distance of ≤ 4km to health facility (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.32, 4.57), place of antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 2.23; 95%CI: 1.17, 4.51), family size (AOR = 4.99; 95% CI:2.43, 10.24) and source of information (AOR = 5.52; 95%CI: 1.30, 23.54) were found to be independent predictors of pregnant women’s compliance with IFA supplementation.
Conclusion
Less than half of the pregnant women were compliant with iron folic acid utilization. Generally, educational status, distance to the health facility, family size, and source of information were the major reasons for compliance with iron folic acid utilization.
Single-cell RNA-Seq reveals the pseudo-temporal dynamic evolution characteristics of ADSC-induced differentiation into neurons
Authors: Zhang Pingshu , Liu Qing , Ou Ya , Li Jing , Long Qingxi , Zhang Lil , Li Wen , Yuan Xiaodong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) has been frequently employed in the field of regenerative medicine. The molecular mechanism and genetic features of ADSC development into nerve cells, however, are unknown. This study used single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) to reveal the features of gene expression changes during ADSC differentiation into neurons. We sequencd cells of ADSC group, the pri-1d group, and the induced 1h, 3h, 5h, 6h, and 8h groups using the BD Rhapsody platform. t-SNE ,Monocle2,GO,KEGG,and other algorithms were used to analyze sequence data. Results: From 7 groups, a total of 38453 cells were collected. 7 groups cells were divided into 0-13 clusters. ADSCs were located at the beginning of the trajectory by Monocle2 structured ,and the cells induced for 6h and 8h were largely dispersed in1st and 2nd branches of trajectory. The 5h-inducecells were primarily distributed in the trajectory' endpoints of 1st and 2nd branches. The GO items including cellular protein metabolism, cell adhesion, endocytosis, cell migration were enriched by up-regulated DEGs at 5h after induction. The KEGG analysis showed that induced 6h,8h groups mainly enriched pathways were oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other pathways. Conclusion: Two distinct cell state mechanisms primarily stimulate ADSCs to develop into mature neurons. By the fifth hour following induction, ADSCs had developed into mature neurons. The differentiated cells will experience aging-related degenerative changes if the induction response is kept up, and their physiological functions will also deteriorate.
Integrated whole transcriptome profiling of circRNAs reveals a convoluted crosstalk in competing endogenous RNAs regulatory network in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mollanoori Hasan , Ghelmani Yaser , Hassani Bita , Dehghani Mohammadreza 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recently it has been identified that circRNAs can act as miRNAs sponge to regulate gene expression in various types of cancers to associate with cancer initiation and progression. The present study aims to identify colorectal cancer-related circRNAs and the underpinning mechanisms of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks in the development and progress of Colorectal Cancer. Differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs were identified in GEO microarray datasets using the Limma package of R. Differentially expressed circRNAs analysis resulted in 23 upregulated and 31 downregulated circRNAs. CeRNAs networks were constructed by intersecting the results of predicted and experimentally validated databases, circbank and miRWalk, and DEMs and DEGs analysis using Cytoscape. Then, the functional enrichment analysis was performed for DEGs included in ceRNA networks. Followed by survival analysis, expression profile validation using TCGA and GEO data, and ROC curve analysis we reached a ceRNA sub-networks which revealed the potential regulatory effect of hsa_circ_0001955 and hsa_circ_0071681 on the survival-related genes, KLF4, MYC, CCNA2, RACGAP1, and CD44. Overall, we constructed a convoluted regulatory network and the likely mechanisms of its action in CRC, which may contribute to developing more effective approaches for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CRC.
On Eulerian semigroups of multivariate transformations and their cryptographic applications
Authors: Ustimenko Vasyl 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The intersection of Commutative and Multivariate cryptography contains studies of cryptographic applications of subsemigroups and subgroups of affine Cremona semigroups defined over finite commutative ring K. We consider special semigroups of transformations of the variety (K*)n, K=Fq or K=Zm defined via multiplications of variables.
Efficiently computed homomorphisms between such subsemigroups can be used in Post Quantum key exchange protocols and in their inverse versions when correspondents elaborate mutually inverse transformations of (K*)n.
The security of these schemes is based on a complexity of decomposition problem for element of the semigroup into product of given generators. We introduce combination of inverse versions of these schemes with cryptosystems based on stable subsemigroups of Cremona group which use encryption and decryption multivariate maps with the density gap.
MSC 2010: 11T71, 14G50
Geochemical study of the sediments in main wadis eastern part of Mosul city, Iraq
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Ali Hashim , Al-Youzbakey Kotayba Tawfiq 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The geochemical changes in the sediments along streams make it possible to predict the processes on the earth's surface, such as weathering, transport, cation exchange, etc. The sediments can also give an environmental indication and the ability to understand the geological situation more clearly. In addition to the sediments being the main sink of heavy elements, they may be a source of pollution with these elements. The study area is situated on the eastern side of Mosul in northern Iraq. Valleys of (Al-Rashediya, Al-Kharrazi, Al-Khosar Al-Danffilli, and Al-Shor) descend from these high areas towards the Tigris River. The sediments of these valleys consist of various components, such as clay minerals, organic matter, iron oxides, carbonates, etc., and heavy elements that are part of or adsorbed on these components. Thirty-six samples were collected from the sediments of these valleys. They were chemically analyzed using the x-ray fluorescence technique to diagnose the chemical composition of these sediments. Several statistical processes were conducted to determine the distribution of heavy elements in the sediments, including the correlation coefficient and factor analysis, which resulted in four principal components representing 80.86% of the total variance. The first, third, and fourth components represent the influence of the weathering and transport factor on the different parent rocks, while the second component represents the human influence factor. The impact of industrial, civil, and agricultural activities on these valleys was studied using a set of pollution indices such as the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the enrichment factor (EF). The highest concentrations were in Al-Danffilli valley, especially in the industrial sector, which means that these sites have high levels of pollution compared to other sites that were polluted at lower rates and sometimes not.
Assessing the susceptibility and efficacy of three public health, insecticides, chlorfenapyr, clothianidin, and pyriproxyfen, on wild pyrethroid-resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae s.l. from southern Benin
Authors: Zoungbédji David Mahouton , Padonou Germain Gil , Konkon Alphonse Keller , Steve Hougbe , Sagbohan Hermann , Kpanou Casimir , Salako Albert Sourou , Ossè Razaki , Aïkpon Rock , Afoukou Cyriaque , Sidick Aboubakar , Akinro Bruno , Chitou Saïd , Gnanguénon Virgile , Condo Patrick , Hassani Ahmed Saadani , Impoinvil Daniel , Akogbéto Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of wild Anopheles gambiaes.l. from southern Benin to the new insecticides (chlorfenapyr (CFP), pyriproxyfen (PPF), and clothianidin (CTD)) and assess the efficacy of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) that contain these new products.
Methods: Wild Anopheles gambiae s.l. from the Benin communes of Allada, Ifangni, Akpro-Missérété, and Porto-Novo were tested for their susceptibility to CFP and PPF using the WHO bottle tests, and pyrethroids (alpha-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin) and CTD using WHO tube tests. WHO cone tests were used to evaluate the efficacy of Interceptor® (which contains alpha-cypermethrin (ACM) only), Interceptor® G2, (CFP + ACM), and Royal Guard® nets (PPF + ACM). The ovaries of blood-fed Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Ifangni exposed to a new PPF net were dissected, and egg development status was examined using Christopher’s stages to determine the fertility status of the mosquitoes. Using a standardized protocol, the oviposition rate and oviposition inhibition rate were calculated from live blood-fed Anopheles gambiae s.l. placed in oviposition chambers after exposure to PPF.
Results. In all four mosquito populations, pyrethroid mortality ranged from 5% to 80%, while chlorfenapyr and clothianidin mortality ranged from 98% to 100%. At Ifangni, all mosquitoes exposed to Royal Guard® nets were infertile (100%) while the majority (74.9%) of mosquitoes exposed to Interceptor® nets had fully developed their eggs to Christopher’s stage V. The oviposition inhibition rate after exposure of the mosquitoes to the PPF was 99% for the wild population of Anopheles gambiaes.l. and the susceptible laboratory strain, Anopheles gambiae Kisumu.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiaes.l. from the selected communes in southern Benin are susceptible to chlorfenapyr, clothianidin, and pyriproxyfen. In addition, based on bioassay results, Interceptor® G2 and Royal Guard® nets are probably effective in Ifangni. Despite the availability of new effective insecticides, continued vigilance is needed in Benin. Therefore, monitoring of resistance to these insecticides will continue to periodically update the Benin national insecticide resistance database and management plan.
Sonodynamic therapy and Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound: new therapeutic strategy in Glioblastoma
Authors: Bonosi Lapo , Marino Silvia , Benigno Umberto Emanuele , Musso Sofia , Buscemi Felice , Giardina Kevin , Gerardi Rosamaria , Lara Brunasso , Costanzo Roberta , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo , Maugeri Rosario 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat brain tumors, with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. In recent years, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and magnetic resonance focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) have emerged as promising approaches for the treatment of GB. SDT uses ultrasound waves in combination with a sonosensitizer to selectively damage cancer cells, while MRgFUS delivers high-intensity ultrasound waves to precisely target tumor tissue and disrupt the blood-brain barrier to enhance drug delivery. In this review, we explore the potential of SDT as a novel therapeutic strategy for GBM. We discuss the principles of SDT, its mechanisms of action, and the preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated its use in Gliomas. We also highlight the challenges, the limitations, and the future perspectives of SDT. Overall, SDT and MRgFUS hold promise as novel and potentially complementary treatment modalities for GB. Further research is needed to optimize their parameters and determine their safety and efficacy in humans, but their potential for selective and targeted tumor destruction makes them an exciting area of investigation in the field of brain cancer therapy.
Genetic Diversity and population structure of Selected tef Core Germplasm Lines Based on Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Adugna Derejaw Tesfa , - Tileye Feyissa , - Kebebew Assefa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Tef is an indigenous and important food, feed and cash crop to the small-holder Ethiopian farmers. Knowledge of the natural genetic composition of the crop provides the option to further exploit its genetic potential through breeding. However, there are insufficient reports on the genetic variability of Ethiopian tef using a medium-throughput marker system. Hence, the current study was designed to evaluate the genetic variability of released and core germplasm which were collected earlier. Eighty-one tef genotypes collected from eight Ethiopian ecological zones and release variety were targeted using 14 SSR markers. The study ensued a total of 122.43 alleles through the entire loci and populations. All the used microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic with PIC ranging from 0.96 to 0.98 and mean of 0.976. The analysis showed the presence of high allelic diversity ranging from 0.94 to 0.97 with overall mean of 0.96. The molecular variance analysis indicated the existence of large genetic differentiation (FIS and FIT=0.87) with 86% and 13% of the total variation accounted by among genotypes within population and across from all population respectively. Whereas low genetic differentiation among population (FST=0.014. which accounts 1 %.) was observed. Multivariate analysis like clustering, and PCoA, analysis did not cluster genotypes into distinct groups according to their geographical areas of population. This is due to presumably gene flow among populations. The information of this study may be used as input for breeders in selecting breeding materials.
Comorbidities and sex differences in chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology
Authors: Oleksii	Khaniukov  , Pesotskaya Lyudmyla , Sapozhnychenko Liudmyla , Dziuba Serhii 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Comorbidities and sex differences play a major role in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, it is unknown whether the prevalence of comorbidities differs between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, mildly reduced ejection fraction, and reduced ejection fraction in men and women.
Methods: We examined 216 patients with chronic heart failure, whose main etiological factor was ischemic heart disease. We studied gender differences and the prevalence of cardiac and extracardiac comorbidities based on the left ventricular ejection fraction.
Results: Chronic heart failure of ischemic etiology was significantly more common in men than in women, with a prevalence of 68.1% and 31.9%, respectively. Moreover, women were older than men at the time of hospitalization. Arterial hypertension was significantly more frequent among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, with a prevalence of 92% (p<0.05). Men are more predisposed to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, while women predominate in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Extracardiac comorbidities among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were represented by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (13.1%), congestive pneumonia (6.6%), and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (11.5%). Patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction were more likely to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (51.9%), as well as renal and thyroid dysfunction (27.1% and 24.3%, respectively), compared to patients with preserved ejection fraction.
Conclusions: The results obtained from this study confirm and supplement the existing data regarding the prevalence of chronic heart failure, gender differences, and the impact of comorbidities on the clinical status and prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure.
Effects of hydrolysis degree on the functional properties of hydrolysates from sour cherry kernel protein concentrate
Authors: Cingöz Ali , Yildirim Metin 
Published: April 2023

During the processing of sour cherries into different foodstuffs, a large amount of kernels is produced as waste material, which creates a significant disposal problem for the food industry. Sour cherry kernels containing 25.3–35.5% of protein can be used as a functional protein source in food production. Therefore, we aimed to study the effects of hydrolysis degree on the sour cherry kernel protein hydrolysates.
Proteins were extracted from the defatted flour by isoelectric precipitation. The resulting protein concentrate was hydrolyzed (5, 10, and 15% hydrolysis) using Alcalase to yield hydrolysates. We determined their oil and water holding, emulsifying, gelation, and foaming properties, as well as apparent molecular weight distribution and proximate compositions.
No protein fractions greater than an apparent molecular weight of about 22 kDa were present in the hydrolysates. The hydrolysis of the protein concentrate mostly led to an increase in protein solubility. As the degree of hydrolysis increased from 5 to 15%, the water holding capacity of the hydrolysates decreased from 2.50 ± 0.03 to 2.03 ± 0.02 g water/g, indicating its deterioration.
The hydrolysates obtained at different degrees of hydrolysis had a better solubility than the intact protein concentrate. The oil holding capacity, the foaming stability, and the least gelation concentration of the protein concentrate could not be considerably improved by hydrolysis. In contrast, its emulsifying activity index and foaming capacity could be increased with a limited degree of hydrolysis (up to 10%).
Using casein and gluten protein fractions to obtain functional ingredients
Authors: Prikhodko Denis , Krasnoshtanova Alla 
Published: April 2023

Today, the food industry widely uses both animal and plant proteins. Animal proteins have a balanced amino acid composition, while plant proteins have more pronounced functional properties. However, both types of proteins can act as allergens, which limits their practical application. Therefore, we aimed to select optimal conditions for obtaining hypoallergenic mixtures based on casein hydrolysates and gluten proteins, which have good functional properties and a balanced amino acid composition.
We used wheat flour (Makfa, Russia) with 12.6% of crude protein and 69.4% of starch, as well as rennet casein (Atletic Food, Russia) with 90% of protein. The methods included the Lowry method, the Anson method, Laemmli electrophoresis, ion-exchange chromatography, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Protex 6L was an optimal enzyme preparation for the hydrolysis of gliadin, while chymotrypsin was optimal for the hydrolysis of glutenin and casein. The optimal amount for all the enzymes was 40 units/g of substrate. We analyzed the effect of casein, glutenin, and gliadin enzymolysis time on the functional properties of the hydrolysates and found that the latter had relatively low water- and fat-holding capacities. The highest foaming capacity was observed in gliadin hydrolysates, while the highest emulsifying capacity was registered in casein and glutenin hydrolysates. Further, protein enzymolysis significantly decreased allergenicity, so the hydrolysates can be used to obtain functional additives for hypoallergenic products. Finally, the mixtures of casein hydrolysate and gliadin or glutenin hydrolysates had a balanced amino acid composition and a high amino acid score. Also, they retained high emulsifying and foaming capacities.
The study proved the need for mixtures based on wheat protein and casein hydrolysates, which have good functional properties and hypoallergenicity.
Evaluation of hydraulic efficiency of lined irrigation channels – A case study from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Zakir-Hassan Ghulam , Kahlown Muhammad Akram , Punthakey Jehangir F. , Shabir Ghulam , Aziz Marjan , Sultan Muhammad , Ashraf Hadeed , Nawaz Qurrat ul ain , Majeed Faizan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) in Pakistan is the backbone of agriculture in the country. The IBIS provides irrigation support to agricultural lands across the country; however, hydraulic efficiency of the water conveyance system is impacted due to seepage losses. The lining of irrigation channels is considered a potential solution for improving hydraulic efficiency. Therefore, this study explores the impact of canal lining on the hydraulic efficiency of the canals in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Overall, 14 channels/distributaries/minors (total length 226 km) were monitored in terms of hydraulic performance in different irrigation zones. Hydraulic, geometrical, and socioeconomic parameters of channel/distributaries/minors including roughness coefficient, sediments, flow velocity, wetted parameter, breaches, theft cases, bed, side slope, water surface profile, hydraulic radius, crop yield, and vegetation growth area have been experimentally observed. Obtained results have been compared with the design and pre-lining data. Ten seepage tests using the inflow -outflow method and eight seepage tests using the ponding method were conducted to estimate seepage losses. Results indicate that almost all the parameters varied from the design values. A detailed comparison of the socioeconomic parameters has been carried out. Results from seepage tests show an approximately 78% reduction in losses.