bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflections on the Emerging Theology of Synodality
Authors: Phillips Jacob 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper works from the ITC document, Synodality in the Life and Mission of the Church (2018), to outline four essential components of an emergent theology of synodality: the claim that synodality is constitutive of the Church, an ecclesiology of communion, the ecclesial title People of God, and the sensus fidei. The paper then critically assesses the interplay of these four elements in the ITC document, along with the Vademecum and the Preparatory Document which were disseminated with the beginning of the synodal process itself (2021). Certain issues from this interplay, it is argued, require further reflection as this emergent theology develops: the theological weight of consensus, the degree to which belonging to the Church is (or is not) essentially discursive in character, how the sensus fidei seems to imply that the practice of the faith is an integral element of meaningful synodal participation by Catholics, and indeed, finally, the participation of those who do not bear the name of Christian.
Managing ubiquitous ‘forever chemicals’: More‐than‐human possibilities for the problem of PFAS
Authors: Buttle Eleanor , Sharp Emma L. , Fisher Karen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe provide a perspective on the ubiquity of PFAS (a suite of unique per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or ‘forever chemicals’) as toxic, pervasive and environmentally persistent more‐than‐human agents. We situate our discussion of these more‐than‐human contaminants in our location of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), a post‐production, post‐consumption contaminated site. We therefore make an Antipodean contribution to PFAS research—a predominantly North American/European body of work—providing an account of the specific landmasses, cultural contexts and regulation here, while also noting simultaneous entanglements with the global environment. In dealing with this group of contaminants, we identify opportunities for Aotearoa NZ's regulatory and management processes to consider the more‐than‐human theorising of aspects of ‘the natural world’, not for their utility but for the intrinsic value of more‐than‐human lives, and in order to do regulation, policy and practice differently.
Management of acute sloughing of the esophageal lining in patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa—A series of six pediatric patients
Authors: Bageta Maria Laura , Yerlett Natalie , Rybak Anna , Balboa Pablo Lopez , Petrof Gabriela , Martinez Anna E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a subtype of an inherited skin disorder characterized by skin and mucosal fragility due to collagen VII (COL7A1) gene mutations. Esophageal strictures leading to chronic dysphagia and acute episodes are well recognized complications within this subtype. Sloughing of esophageal mucosa and the treatment of this emergency have heretofore received limited attention in the EB literature.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of the patients who had an acute episode of sloughing of the esophageal lining between 2008 and 2021 and extracted the information regarding their clinical presentation and management.ResultsSix patients out of 210 with recessive DEB severe (RDEB‐S) (n = 4), RDEB intermediate (RDEB‐I) (n = 1) and dominant DEB (DDEB) (n = 1) were identified. The mean age at the time of the episode was 2.7 years. All patients had early‐onset severe gastroesophageal reflux. Clinically, they presented with a coughing episode (n = 6), hematemesis (n = 6), vomiting (n = 6), and choking (n = 3), followed by coughing up a string like tissue of variable length, part of the esophageal mucosal lining. Four patients recovered with medical management only, two patients required gastrostomy insertions for feeding due to severe persistent dysphagia and one also required a Nissen's fundoplication to manage severe reflux. One patient had aspiration pneumonia.ConclusionsSloughing of varying lengths of segments of the esophagus is an emergency. The lining coughed up needs to be cut at the mouth not pulled and the emergency services called immediately for urgent assessment and management. Expert multidisciplinary care is needed to manage this rare but serious condition.
Theorizing reactive policy entrepreneurship: A case study of Swedish local emergency management
Authors: Petridou Evangelia , Johansson Roine , Eriksson Kerstin , Alirani Gertrud , Zahariadis Nikolaos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this article, we examine public policy change at the local level of governance in the aftermath of an extraordinary event. Using the case study of a Swedish municipality after the sweeping forest fire of 2014, we contend that policy entrepreneurship, like its market counterpart, may under certain conditions take on a wider range of behaviors that are not underpinned by the proactive quest for opportunities. Rather, a sense of urgency and necessity, professional norms, and some keen technical skills make for a different kind of entrepreneurship, which we label reactive policy entrepreneurship.
Developing HIV risk prediction tools in four African settings
Authors: Kansiime Sheila , Hansen Christian Holm , Hayes Richard , Ruzagira Eugene ,   the PrEPVacc Study Team
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveHIV risk prediction tools are a critical component of efforts to end the HIV pandemic. We aimed to create and validate tools for identifying individuals at highest risk of prevalent and incident HIV in an African setting.MethodsWe used Logistic regression and Poisson regression to determine risk factors for HIV prevalence and incidence in a multi‐country HIV vaccine trial preparedness cohort study among individuals at high risk of HIV, and used the identified factors to create and validate tools that predict HIV risk. We also assessed the performance of the VOICE risk score in predicting HIV incidence among women in the cohort.ResultsThe prevalent HIV prediction tool created had good predictive ability [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.70, 95% CI 0.66–0.74]. It included the following participant variables: age, sex, recreational drug use, unprotected male‐to‐male anal sex, a sexual partner who had other partners, transactional sex and having a partner who was a long‐distance truck driver/miner. It was not possible to create a valid HIV incidence prediction tool. Participants with high VOICE risk scores (≥7) had slightly higher HIV incidence but this tool performed poorly within our study (AUC = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.64: Harrell's concordance index = 0.59).ConclusionWe created a prevalent HIV prediction tool that could be used to increase efficiency in diagnosis of HIV and linkage to care in sub‐Saharan Africa. Existing incident HIV prediction tools may need modification to include context‐specific predictors such as calendar period, participant occupation, study site, before adoption in settings different from those in which they were developed.
Comparison of preventive and therapeutic effects of continuous exercise on acute lung injury induced with methotrexate
Authors: Rajizadeh Mohammad‐Amin , Hosseini Mahdiyeh Haj , Bahrami Mina , Hosseini Najmeh Sadat , Rostamabadi Fahimeh , Bagheri Fatemeh , Khoramipour Kayvan , Najafipour Hamid , Bejeshk Mohammad‐Abbas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMethotrexate (Mtx) is used to treat various diseases, including cancer, arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. However, it induces oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammation by stimulating production of reactive oxygen species and cytokines. Considering the positive effects of physical activity, our goal was to investigate the preventive and therapeutic role of continuous training (CT) on Mtx‐induced lung injury in rats. The rats were divided into five groups of 14 animals: a control group (C); a continuous exercise training group (CT; healthy rats that experienced CT); an acute lung injury with Mtx group (ALI); a pretreatment group with CT (the rats experienced CT before ALI induction), and a post‐treatment group with CT (the rats experienced CT after ALI induction). One dose of 20 mg/kg Mtx intraperitoneal was administered in the Mtx and training groups. Forty‐eight hours after the last exercise session all rats were sacrificed. According to our results, the levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and caspase‐3 in the ALI group significantly increased compared to the control group, and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3), and T‐bet decreased. In contrast, compared to the acute lung injury group, pretreatment and treatment with CT reduced TNF‐α, MDA, MPO, GATA3 and caspase‐3 and increased SOD, GPX, TAC, IL‐10, FOXP3 and T‐bet levels. The effects of CT pretreatment were more significant than the effects of CT post‐treatment. Continuous exercise training effectively reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines and ameliorated Mtx‐induced injury, and the effects of CT pretreatment were more significant than the effects of CT post‐treatment.
Experimental Investigation and Controllability Study of Electrochemical Actuators Based on Si/CNTs Composite Material
Authors: Wu Zhilin , Yang Xiaobin , Sheng Kai , Li Dawei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Electrochemical actuators can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy directly and have been applied widely. With a large volume expansion in the electrochemical reaction, silicon material demonstrates enormous potential in the manufacture of electrochemical actuators. Here, we propose a new electrochemical actuator based on Si/CNTs composite electrode. A mathematical model is developed to analyze the relationship among material parameters, structural changes, and bending deformation. The curvature changes of the cantilever beam are captured by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera during electrochemical cycling. Combining the model and bending curvatures, the modulus and swell strain are extracted and analyzed in detail. Here, the elastic modulus of the composite electrode softens and decreases from 9.59 GPa to 4.78 GPa, while the swell strain increases from 0.12% to 2.97% when arriving 6% normalized concentration of lithium. These results show that the composite material possesses excellent bending resistance and deformation ability. Also, the curvature changes under different thickness ratios are predicted successfully, the evolution of stress in the working electrode is simulated, and the loading experiment of the actuator is carried out. This work provides a new way to realize the controllability of the electrochemical actuators.
Developing Turbulent Convective Heat Transfer in Helical Pipes
Authors: Lin C. X. , Ebadian M. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A fully elliptic numerical study has been carried out to investigate three-dimensional turbulent developing convective heat transfer in helical pipes with finite pitches. The k-ε standard two-equation turbulence model is used to simulate turbulent flow. The turbulent flow and heat transfer are assumed to develop simultaneously. Uniform inlet velocity and constant wall temperature conditions are applied. The governing equations are solved by a Control-Volume Finite Element Method (CVFEM). Numerical results have been compared to the existing experimental data, and a good agreement has been obtained. The results presented in this paper cover a Reynolds number range of 2.5 × 104–1.0 × 105, a pitch range of 0.0–0.6, and a curvature ratio range of 0.025–0.050. The developments of effective thermal conductivity, temperature fields, and local and average Nusselt numbers are given and discussed. It has been found that the examined parameters exert complex effects on the developing thermal fields and heat transfer in the helical pipes. The Nusselt numbers for the helical pipes are oscillatory before the flow is fully developed, especially for the case of a relatively large curvature ratio.
Application of Metallic Nanoparticle Suspensions in Advanced Cooling Systems
Authors: Lee Shinpyo , Choi Stephen U.-S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
One of the authors has proposed that an innovative new class of energy-efficient heat transfer fluids can be engineered by suspending nanometer-sized metallic particles (nanoparticles) in conventional heat transfer fluids. The resulting “nanofluids” are expected to exhibit much higher thermal conductivities than those of currently used heat transfer fluids and represent the best hope for high-performance cooling in next-generation cooling systems. In this study, the advanced cooling technology has been applied to cooling crystal silicon mirrors used in high-intensity X-ray sources such as Argonne’s Advanced Photon Source. Because the X-ray beam creates tremendous heat as it strikes the mirror, cooling rates of 2000–3000 W/cm2 must be achievable with the advanced technology.
Analysis has been carried out to estimate the performance of microchannel heat exchangers with water, liquid nitrogen, and nanofluids as the working fluid. The design and optimization procedures for microchannel heat exchangers show the existence of an optimal channel width that minimizes the thermal resistance of a microchannel heat exchanger. For a pressure drop of 210 kPa (30 psi), the optimized channel width and depth are 56 μm and 360 μm for a water-cooled silicon heat sink and 39 μm and 1410 μm for a liquid-nitrogen-cooled silicon heat sink. For the optimized configuration, performance of the nanofluid-cooled microchannel heat exchanger has been compared with that of a water-cooled and liquid-nitrogen-cooled microchannel heat exchanger. The results show the superiority of a nanofluid-cooled microchannel heat exchanger. When nanofluids are used, the thermal resistances are reduced and the power densities are increased. Excellent thermal performance of a silicon microchannel heat exchanger has been demonstrated when nanofluids were used as the room temperature coolant.
Investigation of Die Polishing Strategies Using Five-Axis Machining Centre
Authors: Clayton P. A. , Elbestawi M. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the automated grinding and polishing of dies and molds using a five-axis milling machine. Automating the die bench working process not only saves on labour costs and removes workers from a difficult and dirty task, but also reduces lead times as well as shape errors. Bench working is the process of bring the die to its final shape and appearance with only a minimal of metal removal. The removal of cusps from the surface of the die is the first stage. Once the net shape has been obtained the die is polished to a mirror like surface finish. The first stage of the project was the development of a mechanistic grinding model to help determine the forces that would be encountered during cusp removal. Using this information a passive polishing tool was designed and constructed that fit inside a standard 25.4mm (1″) collet as would any other tool. The rotational velocity for the force control polishing tool was supplied by the spindle itself. The mechanistic model was verified with subsequent grinding tests. Both Ol and P20 tool steel were used while employing the Taguchi method to determine the optimal parameters (rotational speed, force, feed, etc.) for the polishing of the die. Additionally, the traditional S-pattern polishing path was compared to a fractal pattern proposed by Mizugaki and Sakamoto (1992). The system has proven to be a viable alternative to manual polishing of dies.
Cobots: Robots for Collaboration With Human Operators
Authors: Colgate J. Edward , Wannasuphoprasit Witaya , Peshkin Michael A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A “cobot” is a robotic device which manipulates objects in collaboration with a human operator. A cobot provides assistance to the human operator by setting up virtual surfaces which can be used to constrain and guide motion. While conventional servo-actuated haptic displays may be used in this way also, an important distinction is that, while haptic displays are active devices which can supply energy to the human operator, cobots are intrinsically passive. This is because cobots do not use servos to implement constraint, but instead employ “steerable” nonholonomic joints. As a consequence of their passivity, cobots are potentially well-suited to safety-critical tasks (e.g. surgery) or those which involve large interaction forces (e.g. automobile assembly). This paper focuses on the simplest possible cobot, which has only a single joint (a steerable wheel). Two control modes of this “unicycle cobot”, termed “virtual caster” and “virtual wall” control, are developed in detail. Experimental results are also presented.
A Low Power, Tight Seal, Polyimide Electrostatic Microvalve
Authors: Lee Abraham P. , Hamilton Julie , Trevino Jimmy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
An electrostatically-actuated polyimide microvalve with low power consumption (&lt; 1mW) is presented in this paper. Bias voltage applied across a sub-micron gap between the sealing electrodes generates a large electrostatic force (1.3N) resulting in a tight seal for the valve. Built-in residual stress results in a curled bimorph cantilever which allows for a microactuator with large displacement. This microactuator is used to open and close a fluid path hole etched in silicon for a microvalve. The microactuator can be actuated with 25V for a displacement of 200 μm. The cantilever actuator is mainly composed of polyimide, which is flexible enough to conform over the flow hole, thereby eliminating the need for the design of a valve seat.
Enhancing the Initial Acceleration Performance of Elite Rugby Backs. Part I: Determining Individual Technical Needs
Authors: Wild James J. , Bezodis Ian N. , North Jamie S. , Bezodis Neil E. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study sought to quantify the within-individual relationships between spatiotemporal variables and initial acceleration sprint performance in elite rugby backs and to establish a normative data set of relevant strength-based measures. Methods: First, the spatiotemporal variables, ratios of step length to step rate and of contact time to flight time, and initial acceleration performance were obtained from 35 elite male rugby backs (mean [SD] age 25 [3] y) over the first 4 steps of 3 sprints. Angular and linear kinematic aspects of technique and strength-based qualities were collected from 25 of these participants. Second, the same spatiotemporal variables were collected from 19 of the participants on 3 further occasions (12 trials in total) to determine the within-individual associations of these variables and initial acceleration performance. Results: Moderate to very large meaningful within-individual relationships (|r| = .43–.88) were found between spatiotemporal variables and initial acceleration performance in 17 of the 19 participants. From these relationships, a theoretically “desirable” change in whole-body kinematic strategy was individually determined for each participant, and normative strength-based measures to contextualize these were established. Conclusions: Meaningful within-individual relationships are evident between sprint spatiotemporal variables and initial acceleration performance in elite rugby backs. Individualized approaches are therefore necessary to understand how aspects of technique relate to initial acceleration performance. This study provides an objective, evidence-based approach for applied practitioners to identify the initial acceleration technical needs of individual rugby backs.
A Pilot Study of Neoadjuvant Nivolumab, Ipilimumab, and Intralesional Oncolytic Virotherapy for HER2-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Nguyen Vina P. , Campbell Katie M. , Nowicki Theodore S. , Elumalai Nila , Medina Egmidio , Baselga-Carretero Ignacio , DiNome Maggie L. , Chang Helena R. , Oseguera Denise K. , Ribas Antoni , Glaspy John A. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Neoadjuvant combination immune checkpoint blockade and intralesional oncolytic virotherapy have the potential to activate antitumor responses in patients with breast cancer.

Experimental Design:
Eligibility for this pilot phase I trial included patients with localized HER2-negative breast cancer who received systemic nivolumab and ipilimumab and intratumor talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC; NCT04185311). The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and adverse event profile of immunotherapy combined with T-VEC in patients with localized, HER2-negative breast cancer.

Results:
Six patients were enrolled, 4 having relapses after prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 2 who were previously untreated. Toxicities included 1 patient having grade 3 hypotension and type 1 diabetes mellitus, 3 patients with hypothyroidism, and all patients having constitutional symptoms known to be associated with the administration of T-VEC. One patient had a pathologic complete response, 3 patients had pathologic partial responses, 1 showed no significant response, and 1 had disease progression. Biopsies demonstrated increased immune cell infiltration in samples from patients who responded to therapy.

Conclusions:
This triple immunotherapy regimen provided responses in patients with advanced or relapsed HER2-negative breast cancer, at the expense of long-term toxicities.

Significance:
Systemic immune checkpoint blockade with a programmed death receptor 1 and a CTL antigen-4 blocking antibody, combined with intralesional oncolytic virotherapy, is a chemotherapy-free combination aimed at inducing an antitumor immune response locally and systemic immunity.
Discriminant Analysis for Severe Storm Environments in South-Central Brazil
Authors: dos Santos Letícia O. , Nascimento Ernani L. , Allen John T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Severe storms produce hazardous weather phenomena, such as large hail, damaging winds, and tornadoes. However, relationships between convective parameters and confirmed severe weather occurrences are poorly quantified in south-central Brazil. This study explores severe weather reports and measurements from newly available datasets. Hail, damaging wind, and tornado reports are sourced from the PREVOTS project from June 2018 to December 2021, while measurements of convectively induced wind gusts from 1996 to 2019 are obtained from METAR reports and from Brazil’s operational network of automated weather stations. Proximal convective parameters were computed from ERA5 reanalysis for these reports and used to perform a discriminant analysis using mixed-layer CAPE and deep-layer shear (DLS). Compared to other regions, thermodynamic parameters associated with severe weather episodes exhibit lower magnitudes in south-central Brazil. DLS displays better performance in distinguishing different types of hazardous weather, but does not discriminate well between distinct severity levels. To address the sensitivity of the discriminant analysis to distinct environmental regimes and hazard types, five different discriminants are assessed. These include discriminants for any severe storm, severe hail only, severe wind gust only, and all environments but broken into “high” and “low” CAPE regimes. The best performance of the discriminant analysis is found for the “high” CAPE regime, followed by the severe wind regime. All discriminants demonstrate that DLS plays a more important role in conditioning Brazilian severe storm environments than other regions, confirming the need to ensure that parameters and discriminants are tuned to local severe weather conditions.