bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective multicenter study comparing the punctures to B2 and B3 in endoscopic ultrasound–guided hepaticogastrostomy
Authors: Sekine Masanari , Hashimoto Yusuke , Shibuki Taro , Okumura Kei , Kobori Ikuhiro , Miyagaki Aki , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Takano Yuichi , Matsumoto Keita , Mashima Hirosato 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn recent years, endoscopic ultrasound–guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS–HGS) has been performed as an important salvage option for failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for biliary drainage. However, technical issues, such as puncture site (bile duct of segment 3 [B3] or bile duct of segment 2 [B2]), dilation method, stent selection, and procedural safety, need to be resolved for the optimization of EUS–HGS. The present study was to compare the safety, difficulty, and technical and functional success between biliary access via B2 and B3 during EUS–HGS.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective investigation of 161 consecutive EUS–HGS cases across a total of 6 facilities, including those at our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups according to the successful drainage route: the puncture to B2 (P‐B2) or the puncture to B3 (P‐B3). We compared the technical and functional success rates, technical difficulty, and adverse events between the two groups. We also conducted a subgroup analysis to show the factors related to the procedure time.ResultsThere were 92 cases in the P‐B2 group and 69 cases in the P‐B3 group. There were no significant differences in the technical success, functional success, or adverse events between the groups; however, the procedure time was significantly shorter in P‐B2 cases than in P‐B3 cases. The multivariate analysis showed that the puncture site was the only factor related to the procedure time.ConclusionsBased on these findings, P‐B2 appears useful and safe. P‐B2 is as effective as P‐B3 and was able to be performed in a shorter period of time. The B2 approach can be considered a useful option for EUS–HGS.
Biomarker signature and pathophysiological pathways in patients with chronic heart failure and metabolic syndrome
Authors: van der Hoef Camilla C.S. , Boorsma Eva M. , Emmens Johanna E. , van Essen Bart J. , Metra Marco , Ng Leong L. , Anker Stefan D. , Dickstein Kenneth , Mordi Ify R. , Dihoum Adel , Lang Chim C. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe comorbidities that collectively define metabolic syndrome are common in patients with heart failure. However, the role of metabolic syndrome in the pathophysiology of heart failure is not well understood. We therefore investigated the clinical and biomarker correlates of metabolic syndrome in patients with heart failure.Methods and resultsIn 1103 patients with heart failure, we compared the biomarker expression using a panel of 363 biomarkers among patients with (n = 468 [42%]) and without (n = 635 [58%]) metabolic syndrome. Subsequently, a pathway overrepresentation analysis was performed to identify key biological pathways. Findings were validated in an independent cohort of 1433 patients with heart failure of whom 615 (43%) had metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of three or more of five criteria, including central obesity, elevated serum triglycerides, reduced high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin resistance and hypertension. The most significantly elevated biomarkers in patients with metabolic syndrome were leptin (log2 fold change 0.92, p = 5.85 × 10−21), fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (log2 fold change 0.61, p = 1.21 × 10−11), interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (log2 fold change 0.47, p = 1.95 × 10−13), tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11a (log2 fold change 0.35, p = 4.16 × 10−9), and proto‐oncogene tyrosine‐protein kinase receptor Ret (log2 fold change 0.31, p = 4.87 × 10−9). Network analysis identified 10 pathways in the index cohort and 6 in the validation cohort, all related to inflammation. The primary overlapping pathway in both the index and validation cohorts was up‐regulation of the natural killer cell‐mediated cytotoxicity pathway.ConclusionMetabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in heart failure and is associated with biomarkers and pathways relating to obesity, lipid metabolism and immune responses underlying chronic inflammation.
Bridging strategies and cardiac replacement outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure‐related cardiogenic shock
Authors: Varshney Anubodh S. , Berg David D. , Zhou Guohai , Sinnenberg Lauren , Hirji Sameer , DeFilippis Ersilia M. , Mallidi Hari R. , Morrow David A. , Rinewalt Daniel , Givertz Michael M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo describe outcomes associated with bridging strategies in patients with acute decompensated heart failure‐related cardiogenic shock (ADHF‐CS) bridged to durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) or heart transplantation (HTx).Methods and resultsDurable LVAD or HTx recipients from 2014 to 2019 with pre‐operative ADHF‐CS were identified in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database and stratified by bridging strategy. The primary outcome was operative or 30‐day post‐operative mortality. Secondary outcomes included post‐operative major bleeding. Exploratory comparisons between bridging strategies and outcomes were performed using overlap weighting with and without covariate adjustment. Among 9783 patients with pre‐operative CS, 8777 (89.7%) had ADHF‐CS. Medical therapy (n = 5013) was the most common bridging strategy, followed by intra‐aortic balloon pump (IABP; n = 2816), catheter‐based temporary mechanical circulatory support (TMCS; n = 417), and veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO; n = 465). Mortality was highest in patients bridged with VA‐ECMO (22%), followed by catheter‐based TMCS (10%), IABP (9%), and medical therapy (7%). Adverse post‐operative outcomes were more frequent in LVAD recipients compared with HTx recipients.ConclusionAmong patients with ADHF‐CS bridged to HTx or durable LVAD, the highest rates of death and adverse events during index hospitalization were observed in those bridged with VA‐ECMO, followed by catheter‐based TMCS, IABP, and medical therapy. Patients who received durable LVAD had higher rates of post‐operative complications compared with HTx recipients. Prospective trials are needed to define optimal bridging strategies in patients with ADHF‐CS.
N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide and high‐sensitivity troponin T hold diagnostic value in cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Vergaro Giuseppe , Castiglione Vincenzo , Aimo Alberto , Prontera Concetta , Masotti Silvia , Musetti Veronica , Nicol Martin , Cohen Solal Alain , Logeart Damien , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Chubuchny Vladyslav , Giannoni Alberto , Clerico Aldo , Buda Gabriele , Patel Kiara N. , Razvi Yousuf , Patel Rishi , Wechalekar Ashutosh , Lachmann Helen , Hawkins Philip N. , Passino Claudio , Gillmore Julian , Emdin Michele , Fontana Marianna 
Published: January 2023

AimsCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is associated with an elevation of natriuretic peptides and troponins, predicting outcome. Nevertheless, the diagnostic yield of these biomarkers has not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance for CA of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and high‐sensitivity troponin T (hs‐TnT).Methods and resultsPatients with suspected CA (n = 1149) underwent a diagnostic work‐up in three centres in Italy, France (n = 343, derivation cohort), and United Kingdom (n = 806, validation cohort). Biomarker values with either 100% sensitivity or ≥95% specificity were selected as rule‐out/rule‐in cut‐offs, respectively. In the derivation cohort, 227 patients (66%) had CA, and presented with higher NT‐proBNP and hs‐TnT. NT‐proBNP 180 ng/L and hs‐TnT 14 ng/L were selected as rule‐out cut‐offs, and hs‐TnT 86 ng/L as rule‐in cut‐off. NT‐proBNP <180 ng/L or hs‐TnT <14 ng/L were found in 7% of patients, and ruled out CA without false negatives. In the validation cohort, 20% of patients (2% false negatives) had NT‐proBNP <180 ng/L or hs‐TnT <14 ng/L, and 10% showed both biomarkers below cut‐offs (0.5% false negatives). These cut‐offs refined CA prediction when added to echocardiographic scores in patients with a haematologic disease or an increased wall thickness. In the validation cohort, the 86 ng/L hs‐TnT cut‐off ruled in 20% of patients (2% false positives). NT‐proBNP and hs‐TnT cut‐offs retained their rule‐out and rule‐in performance also in cohorts with CA prevalence of 20%, 10%, 5% and 1% derived from the original cohort through bootstrap analysis.ConclusionsCardiac biomarkers can refine the diagnostic algorithm in patients with suspected CA. NT‐proBNP <180 ng/L and hs‐TnT <14 ng/L reliably exclude the diagnosis, both in the overall population and subgroups referred for either AL‐CA or cardiac (pseudo)hypertrophy.
Transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation with third‐generation devices in heart failure patients – results from the Global EXPAND Post‐Market study
Authors: Orban Mathias , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Williams Mathew , Mahoney Paul , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Price Matthew J. , Grasso Carmelo , Lurz Philipp , Zamorano Jose L. , Asch Federico M. , Maisano Francesco , Kar Saibal , Hausleiter Jörg 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTAimsMitral valve transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair is a guideline‐recommended treatment option for patients with secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR). The purpose of this analysis was to report contemporary real‐world outcomes in SMR patients treated with third‐generation MitraClip systems.Methods and resultsEXPAND is a prospective, multicentre, international, single‐arm study with 1041 patients treated for mitral regurgitation (MR) with MitraClip NTR/XTR, with 30‐day and 1‐year follow‐up. All echocardiograms were analysed by an independent echocardiographic core lab. Study outcomes included procedural outcomes, durability of MR reduction, and major adverse events including all‐cause mortality and heart failure hospitalizations (HFH). A subgroup of 413 symptomatic patients (age 74.7 ± 10.1 years, 58% male) with severe SMR were included. MR reduction to MR ≤ 1+ and MR ≤ 2+ was achieved in 93.0% and 98.5% of patients, respectively, which was sustained at 1‐year follow‐up. All‐cause mortality was 17.7% at 1‐year‐ follow‐up, and the combined endpoint of all‐cause mortality or first HFH occurred in 34% of patients. This combined endpoint was significantly less frequently observed in MR ≤ 1+ patients (Kaplan–Maier estimates: 29.7% vs. 69.6% for MR ≤ 1+ vs. MR  ≥ 2 +; p < 0.0001). New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved significantly from baseline (NYHA ≤ II: 17%) to 1‐year follow‐up (NYHA ≤ II: 78%) (p < 0.0001). While MR reduction was comparable between NTR‐only vs. XTR‐only treated patients, less XTR clips were required for achieving MR reduction.ConclusionsUnder real‐world conditions, optimal sustained MR reduction to MR ≤ 1+ was achieved in a high percentage of patients with third‐generation MitraClip, which translated into symptomatic improvement and low event rates. These results appear to be comparable with recent randomized clinical trials.
Antigen clearance at the peak of the primary immune response induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Zheng Peiguo , Wei Xufeng , Cao Xuezhen , Ma Panhong , Dong Rui , Tang Hongwei , Meng Xianchun , Liu Xinjing , Zhang Cai , Zhang Shuijun , Ming Liang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAutoimmune demyelinating diseases can be induced by an immune response against myelin peptides; however, the exact mechanism underlying the development of such diseases remains unclear. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, we found that the clearance of exogenous myelin antigen at the peak of the primary immune response is key to the pathogenesis of the disease. The generation of effector T cells requires continuous antigen stimulation, whereas redundant antigen traps and exhausts effector T cells in the periphery, which induces resistance to the disease. Moreover, insufficient antigenic stimulation fails to induce disease efficiently owing to insufficient numbers of effector T cells. When myelin antigen is entirely cleared, the number of effector T cells reaches a peak, which facilitates infiltration of more effector T cells into the central nervous system. The peripheral antigen clearance initiates the first wave of effector T cell entry into the central nervous system and induces chronic inflammation. The inflamed central nervous system recruits the second wave of effector T cells that worsen inflammation, resulting in loss of self‐tolerance. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the development of autoimmune demyelinating diseases, which may potentially impact future treatments.
Synthesis of Low Silica SAPO‐34 by In Situ Pretreatment and Its Catalytic Performance in the Methanol‐to‐Olefins (MTO) Reaction
Authors: Guo Lei , Zhu Weiping , Xing Aihua , Li Fei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA series of low‐silica SAPO‐34 molecular sieves with a tunable silica content were synthesized through a facile in situ pretreatment strategy under different pretreatment condition. The effects of the pretreatment condition on the crystal phases, chemical composition, morphology and acidity of SAPO‐34 were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM, N2 adsorption‐desorption, NH3‐TPD and 29Si MAS NMR. The obtained low‐silica SAPO‐34 exhibits higher catalytic performance in the MTO reaction than conventional SAPO‐34 due to the moderate acidity and larger surface areas. Sample S4 with a Si content of Si/(Si+Al+P)=0.053 showed the prolonged catalytic lifetime of 204 min and remarkably improved selectivity for ethylene and propylene reaching up to 86.58 %, which was 34 % and 4.16 % higher than the reference sample.
Manganese‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrodebromination of Aryl Bromides with Ethanol
Authors: Wen Xiaoting , Gong Yingjie , Niu Shuodong , Luo Tianjun , Xi Hui , Liu Weiping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA convenient PNP pincer manganese catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of bromides to corresponding debrominated aryl compounds using ethanol as the hydrogen sources is reported. Importantly, the application of biomass‐derived ethanol highlights the sustainability of the methodology. The use of 6‐phenyl substituted triazine‐based PiprN5Pipr manganese pincer catalyst allows for the debromination of various aryl bromides with good yields. Notably, the process also occurs with bromides derived from several classes of natural products and bioactive compounds, such as citronellol, diacetone fructose, cholesterol, and vitamin E.
Flexible Synthesis of Benzofuranones from ortho‐Alkynyl Phenols or Benzofurans
Authors: Du Wenqian , Yang Rongjie , Wu Jiawen , Xia Zhonghua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBenzofuranones are attractive synthetic targets in medicinal and natural products. The cycloisomerization of o‐alkynyl phenol to benzofuran‐3(2H)‐one is reported here using gold(I) and Selectfluor. This benzofuranone can also be obtained from benzofuran without a gold catalyst. This study presents two appealing synthetic methods for benzofuran‐3(2H)‐ones that use readily available starting materials, have high chemoselectivity and operate under very mild conditions.
Optimization of spray drying process for recovery of onion–stevia leaf hot water extract powder using response surface methodology
Authors: Yang Hae‐Il , Ameer Kashif , Chung Young Bae , Min Sung‐Gi , Eun Jong‐Bang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is important to optimize the drying process, along with the concentration of drying aid and the inlet air temperature, in order to obtain products with better physicochemical properties. Onion–stevia leaf hot extract powders were prepared using gum arabic (GA) and whey protein concentrate (WPC). Inlet air temperature and carrier concentrations were optimized using response surface methodology. The drying yield of powdered extracts was 14.39–74.32%, L*‐ value was 52.66–66.98, bulk density was 0.36–0.75 (g/cm3), moisture content was 2.40–11.57%, water solubility index was 30.32%–97.46%, and mean particle size D[4,3] was 9.13–88.01 (μm). For both GA‐ and WPC‐based powders, optimal inlet air temperatures and carrier concentrations were 148.81 and 144.62°C, and 11.58 and 12.03% (w/v), respectively. GA powders had a higher glass transition temperature (76.49°C) as compared to WPC powders (48.12°C) or maltodextrin as control (55.49°C). Sweetness (5.0/7.0) and overall acceptability (4.3/7.0) scores were higher for GA powders as compared to WPC powders (3.7/7.0 and 3.4/7.0), respectively. Conclusively, GA is a better carrier than whey protein for preparing spray‐dried onion–stevia powder that can be used as a natural sweetener.
Comprehensive assessment of the implementation of maternal immunization programs in Italy: A national survey across maternity care units
Authors: Vilca Luz Maria , Sala Valentina , Chiantera Antonio , Colacurci Nicola , Cetin Irene 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe authors aimed to assess the characteristics and integration of immunization services into the prenatal care provided by maternity care units (MCUs) in Italy.MethodsA cross‐sectional nationwide study using a web‐based survey was conducted from June to August 2021. The study population consisted of 342 obstetricians/gynecologists (OB/GYNs), members of the Italian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and heads of MCUs. The main outcome was to assess the performance of several vaccine‐related services among the surveyed MCUs.ResultsOverall, 112 of 342 MCUs completed the survey, for an overall response rate of 32.7%. Almost all MCUs (96.4%) provided vaccine information, but only 22% had an onsite vaccination clinic. Less than half (43.8%) offered vaccines during prenatal visits and 75% of those sites required women to set up an extra appointment for vaccination. Although 68% MCUs recorded vaccines administered, only 20% of them managed to record vaccines in their own medical records. The institutional‐logistic issues were the most voted vaccination barrier (40.2%).ConclusionsInstitutional barriers and lack of certain vaccine‐related services offered during prenatal care in Italian MCUs might be responsible for many missed vaccination opportunities. Embedding maternal immunization programs within the current prenatal care services might optimize vaccine coverage.
Managerial compensation and firm performance: The moderating role of managerial ownership and other governance factors
Authors: Adelopo Ismail , Adu‐Ameyaw Emmanuel , Cheung Kwok Yip , Bako Hajara Santali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study looks at how executive compensation affects firm value and the extent to which this relationship is sensitive to managerial ownership and corporate governance factors. We use data from UK FTSE 100 firms for the period 2007–2012, generating a total of 578 firm‐year observations. Consistent with optimal compensation theory, we find that the managerial compensation –firm value is more sensitive to executives’ ownership levels and other corporate governance indicators. Our results remain robust to alternative econometric models. We contribute to the literature on corporate governance and firm value . While the paper builds on the executive bonus compensation literature, it also furthers our understanding on the extent to which managerial ownership, institutional ownership, board size and non‐executive ownership matter in the executive bonus compensation—corporate value relationship with specific emphasis on UK FTSE 100 firms. Our second contribution is related to the moderating role of managerial (executive) ownership. We show that as executives residual interests go up, managers become more conscious of the firm's idiosyncratic risk, and hence lessen their aggressive investment and financing strategies culminating in lower firm value.
Inactivation of Sufu in cementoblasts accelerates external tooth root resorption
Authors: Choi Hwajung , Yang Liu , Liu Yudong , Jeong Ju‐Kyung , Cho Eui‐Sic 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCementum has been empirically regarded as an antiresorptive barrier against tooth roots. However, little is known about the factors of homeostasis and resistant mechanisms of tooth roots against resorption. Here, we investigated cementum factors and their interaction against resorption using transgenic mice exhibiting external cervical root resorption (ECRR). Ectopically thickened cervical cementum caused by functional inactivation of ectonucleotide pyrophosphotase/phosphodiesterase 1 (Enpp1) was susceptible to ECRR with aging. In addition, the inactivation of the suppressor of fused (Sufu), a Hedgehog signaling inhibitor, in cementoblasts led to ECRR. Interestingly, concurrent inactivation of Sufu and Enpp1 in cementoblasts remarkably exacerbated ECRR with higher Rankl expression. Cellular and molecular analyses using cementoblasts and bone marrow‐derived macrophages indicated that Dickkopf‐related protein 1 (Dkk1) induced by the inactivation of Sufu in cementoblasts has roles in the acceleration of ECRR triggered by Enpp1 inactivation. Using compound mutant mice for concurrent Wntless and Enpp1 inactivation, this synergistic cooperation of Dkk1 and Npp1 for resorption found in double mutant Sufu and Enpp1 mice was confirmed by the reproduction of amplified ECRR. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that proper Npp1 function and sustained Wnt activity in the cervical cementum are essential for the homeostasis of tooth roots against resorption in a physiological state.
GALR2 and Y1R agonists intranasal infusion enhanced adult ventral hippocampal neurogenesis and antidepressant‐like effects involving BDNF actions
Authors: Alvarez‐Contino Jose Erik , Díaz‐Sánchez Estela , Mirchandani‐Duque Marina , Sánchez‐Pérez Jose Andrés , Barbancho Miguel A. , López‐Salas Alexander , García‐Casares Natalia , Fuxe Kjell , Borroto‐Escuela Dasiel O. , Narváez Manuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDysregulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis is linked to major depressive disorder (MDD), with more than 300 million people diagnosed and worsened by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Accumulating evidence for neuropeptide Y (NPY) and galanin (GAL) interaction was shown in various limbic system regions at molecular‐, cellular‐, and behavioral‐specific levels. The purpose of the current work was to evaluate the proliferating role of GAL2 receptor (GALR2) and Y1R agonists interaction upon intranasal infusion in the ventral hippocampus. We studied their hippocampal proliferating actions using the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on neuroblasts or stem cells and the expression of the brain‐derived neurothrophic factor (BDNF). Moreover, we studied the formation of Y1R–GALR2 heteroreceptor complexes and analyzed morphological changes in hippocampal neuronal cells. Finally, the functional outcome of the NPY and GAL interaction on the ventral hippocampus was evaluated in the forced swimming test. We demonstrated that the intranasal infusion of GALR2 and the Y1R agonists promotes neuroblasts proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the ventral hippocampus and the induction of the neurotrophic factor BDNF. These effects were mediated by the increased formation of Y1R–GALR2 heteroreceptor complexes, which may mediate the neurites outgrowth observed on neuronal hippocampal cells. Importantly, BDNF action was found necessary for the antidepressant‐like effects after GALR2 and the Y1R agonists intranasal administration. Our data may suggest the translational development of new heterobivalent agonist pharmacophores acting on Y1R–GALR2 heterocomplexes in the ventral hippocampus for the novel therapy of MDD or depressive‐affecting diseases.