bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructive alignment: Teaching introductory gross anatomy to sport science students
Authors: Downie Calum , Burke Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this descriptive article was to illustrate the process of using constructive alignment in redesigning an introductory gross anatomy unit that is taught specifically to sports science and physical education students at Victoria University. The unit was redesigned as an intensive learning unit in 2017 as part of a broader university‐wide process. The teaching team decided that the first stage of the constructive alignment process should be necessarily focused on an understanding of the career destinations of graduates from the courses. With this understanding, it became easier to work through the redesign of intended learning objectives, the shift from systemic to regional anatomy changes in content and learning support mechanisms, and alterations to assessment practices. A comparison of student pass rates for the unit from 2018 to 2023 with pass rates in the previous semester‐long version of the unit, suggests optimism about the changes that were made through the constructive alignment process. However, there were a number of other factors that may have contributed to this result, and more research is needed on the specific effectiveness of the changes made during the constructive alignment process before a confident conclusion about the success of the process can be made.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects Schwann cells from high glucose–induced cytotoxicity by targeting NLRP3 to regulate cell migration and pyroptosis
Authors: Wang Qiuyue , Li Wen , Zhang Xiaozhuo , Chung Shuet Ling , Dai Jinling , Jin Zhu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and it seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a bile acid that plays a protective role against various diseases. However, the function of TUDCA in DPN progression needs to be elucidated. Hence, this study clarified the action of TUDCA on DPN development and explored its mechanism of action. Fecal samples were collected from 50 patients with T2DM or DPN. Schwann cells induced by high levels were constructed to simulate an uncontrolled diabetic state. Cell viability and migration were measured using the CCK‐8 and wound‐healing assays, respectively. Reactive oxygen species and pyroptosis were detected using flow cytometry. Parabacteroides goldsteinii and Parabacteroides distasonis levels were decreased in the feces of patients with DPN. TUDCA enhanced the viability and migration ability of high glucose‐stimulated Schwann cells. In addition, Schwann cell pyroptosis stimulated by high glucose levels was inhibited by TUDCA. Furthermore, the protective roles of TUDCA in cell viability, migration ability, and pyroptosis of Schwann cells stimulated by high glucose were suppressed by the overexpression of NLRP3. TUDCA enhanced cell viability and migration and suppressed pyroptosis in Schwann cells stimulated by high glucose levels by modulating NLRP3 expression. Thus, TUDCA may be a promising drug for DPN therapy.
Revisiting the Importance of Sulfur Electrode‐Current‐Collector Interface in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Reis Albin Conde , Yari Saeed , D'Haen Jan , Hardy An , Reddy Naveen , Safari Mohammadhosein 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work demonstrates that, in lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries, the presence of the carbon/binder domain is more crucial at the vicinity of the current collector rather than in the bulk of the electrode. The electrode composition at the current collector interface is showcased to significantly impact the energy density, rate performance, reproducibility, and mechanical attributes of the Li‐S cells made thereof. The coating of a micrometric interlayer composed of carbon/binder at the current collector‐electrode interface is shown to be a promising avenue for the formulation of the sulfur electrodes with a low dead mass and volume while preserving a low polarization and high sulfur utilization. The short‐term spatial redistribution of the solid (dis)charge end‐products is tracked revealing the preferential precipitation of the S and Li2S at large cavities and near the current collector, respectively. The non‐uniform transformations inside the sulfur electrode is further corroborated by detecting and analyzing the precipitation waves inside a pressure electrochemical cell.
Consumer financial planning in the post‐Covid‐19 era: The role of emotional and economic vulnerability
Authors: Allanjawi Khulood M. , Yazdanparast Atefeh , Alhenawi Yasser 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present research examines the relationship between emotional vulnerability, economic vulnerability, and intentions to improve financial planning for American households in the post‐Covid‐19 era. Using a survey of 504 household financial decision markers, we show that the effects of psychological fears and concerns experienced during the pandemic (i.e., emotional vulnerability) on post‐pandemic household financial planning intentions are mediated by their perceived economic vulnerability. Specifically, for those who experience higher levels of emotional vulnerability, economic vulnerabilities are perceived to be harsher, further motivating them to raise their financial preparedness. Moreover, we identify an individual factor, personality trait of conscientiousness, as a boundary condition affecting this relationship. Specifically, individuals who are more conscientious tend to be more willing to learn from harsh pandemic experiences and are more willing to adapt in the long run.
Pachymic acid (PA) inhibits ferroptosis of cardiomyocytes via activation of the AMPK in mice with ischemia/reperfusion‐induced myocardial injury
Authors: Liu Dongmin , Ding Jiru , Li Zhenzhen , Lu Youquan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPachymic acid (PA) is a lanostane‐type triterpenoid with various pharmacological effects. However, little is known about the effect of PA on myocardial infarction (MI) induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of PA and its underlying mechanism. A cellular MI model was established by oxygen‐glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment in HL‐1 cardiomyocytes, and we found that OGD/R treatment decreased cell viability and glutathione peroxide (GSH‐Px) activity, increased Fe2+ concentration and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, promoted malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inhibited the expression of ferroptosis marker proteins SLC7A11 and GPX4 in a time‐dependent manner. OGD/R‐induced HL‐1 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of PA (0, 20, 40, 60 μg/mL) for 24 h, and toxicological experiments showed that 150 μg/mL PA decreased cell viability, while low concentrations of PA had no toxic effect on cells. 20 μg/mL PA reversed the inhibitory effect of OGD/R on cell viability, reduced MDA and ROS production, and Fe2+ accumulation, increased GSH‐Px activity and the expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4, and decreased LDH activity, especially at 60 μg/mL PA. Meanwhile, PA promoted the phosphorylation of IRS‐1, AKT, and AMPK proteins in a dose‐dependent manner. AICAR, an AMPK activator, inhibited ferroptosis, while STO‐609, an AMPK inhibitor, largely abolished the effect of PA on OGD/R‐induced ferroptosis of HL‐1 cells. In addition, PA inhibited ferroptosis and myocardial I/R injury in wild‐type mice and AMPK knockout (AMPK−/−) mice. Collectively, PA inhibited ferroptosis of cardiomyocytes through activating of the AMPK pathway, thereby alleviating myocardial I/R injury in mice.
Use of baclofen and propranolol for treatment of neurogenic fever in a patient with pontine hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Poudel Saroj , Chalise Rupak , Bist Manoj , Regmi Ashim , Ghimire Anup , Khanal Kishor 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageNeurogenic fever (NF) is a potentially life‐threatening complication commonly seen in patients with pontine hemorrhage. This case report highlights the successful use of oral baclofen and propranolol as an effective treatment strategy to manage NF.AbstractNeurogenic fever (NF) is a common complication following pontine hemorrhage and poses significant challenges for clinicians in terms of diagnosis, management, and patient outcomes. This study delves into the efficacy of treatment methods involving baclofen and propranolol for neurogenic fever in patients with pontine hemorrhage. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the duration and intensity of fever. Moreover, the treatment modality was well‐tolerated and devoid of any adverse effects. These findings suggest that the use of oral baclofen and propranolol may be a promising therapeutic option for managing neurogenic fever in patients with pontine hemorrhage.
Controlling the Assembly of PdII/Bianthryl‐Based Monomeric and Dimeric Interlocked Cages by Steric Effects
Authors: Watanabe Sota , Yamashina Masahiro , Tsurumaki Eiji , Toyota Shinji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the energy landscape of coordination‐driven self‐assembly processes, the isolation of kinetically formed supramolecular cages has long been identified as a challenging task. This study reports a reliable strategy for the selective isolation of kinetically or thermodynamically preferred stable coordination cages, whose formation depends on the degree of steric protection offered by the exterior side chains. The combination of PdII ions with arc‐shaped 2,2′‐bianthryl‐based ligands that contain different numbers of methoxyethoxy side chains led to the quantitative formation of both kinetically favorable monomeric M2L4 cages and thermodynamically favorable dimeric (M2L4)2 interlocked cages. These assemblies were structurally fully characterized via NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Although the monomeric cages with fewer exterior side chains can reassemble into interlocked cages, the cages with more exterior substituents remain monomeric cages under similar conditions. A computational study revealed that this different behavior is mainly governed by the destabilization of the interlocking assemblies due to the steric repulsion among the side chains on the overcrowded exterior. Furthermore, the kinetically stabilized monomeric M2L4 cages exhibit permanent host abilities toward sulfonate guests, while the cages with lower steric protection undergo dimerization accompanied by guest release.
Binding Properties of Small Electrophilic Anions [B6X5]− and [B10X9]− (X=Cl, Br, I): Activation of Small Molecules Based on π‐Backbonding
Authors: Kawa Sebastian , Knorke Harald , Jin Jiaye , Rohdenburg Markus , Asmis Knut R. , Tonner‐Zech Ralf , Bernhardt Eduard , Jenne Carsten , Finze Maik , Warneke Jonas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSuperelectrophilic anions constitute a special class of molecular anions that show strong binding of weak nucleophiles despite their negative charge. In this study, the binding characteristics of smaller gaseous electrophilic anions of the types [B6X5]− and [B10X9]− (with X=Cl, Br, I) were computationally and experimentally investigated and compared to those of the larger analogues [B12X11]−. The positive charge of vacant boron increases from [B6X5]− via [B10X9]− to [B12X11]−, as evidenced by increasing attachment enthalpies towards typical σ‐donor molecules (noble gases, H2O). However, this behavior is reversed for σ‐donor–π‐acceptor molecules. [B6Cl5]− binds most strongly to N2 and CO, even more strongly than to H2O. Energy decomposition analysis confirms that the orbital interaction is responsible for this opposite trend. The extended transition state natural orbitals for chemical valence method shows that the π‐backdonation order is [B6X5]−>[B10X9]−>[B12X11]−. This predicted order explains the experimentally observed red shifts of the CO and N2 stretching fundamentals compared to those of the unbound molecules, as measured by infrared photodissociation spectroscopy. The strongest red shift is observed for [B6Cl5N2]−: 222 cm−1. Therefore, strong activation of unreactive σ‐donor–π‐acceptor molecules (commonly observed for cationic transition metal complexes) is achieved with metal‐free molecular anions.
Virus‐Bionic Mesoporous Silica Nanoplatform for Malignant Tumor Inhibition via Effective Cellular Uptake and Precise Drug Delivery
Authors: Yang Xiyang , Xie Yilin , Liao Xiaoli , Zheng Tingting 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the past few decades, sophisticated nanomaterials have been used as carries for the targeted delivery of therapeutics to solid tumors. However, the low efficiency of intracellular internalization of nanocarriers in current use restricts their biomedical application. In this work, we demonstrate that novel virus‐bionic mesoporous‐silica‐based nanocarriers can be successfully prepared for programmed precise drug delivery. These unique viral mimic nanovesicles not only present virus bionic counterparts and nanostructures, but also have infectious virus‐like properties toward tumor cells and tumor tissues. Encouragingly, their large surface area (322.1 m2/g) endows them with high loading capacity for therapeutic agents, especially, they have more effective gene transfection properties than the commercially available LipoGeneTM transfection reagent. Thanks to their virus‐inspired morphology, they exhibit outstanding cellular uptake efficiency with living tumor cells and the ability to invade cells in large quantities with incubation times as short as 5 min, which is much faster than traditional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (mSN) with smooth appearance. Importantly, after doxorubicin (DOX) loading and surface modification of tumor recognition motifs, RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp, vMN@DOX‐RGD), the bionic drug‐loaded viral mimics elicit potent tumor cell elimination both in vitro and in vivo, greatly exceeding the mSN‐based group. Our work paves the way toward virus bionic nanocarrier design for malignant tumor suppression in the clinic.
Trauma and sporadic desmoid tumor development: An approach toward real incidence and aspects of causality
Authors: Hohenberger Peter , Menge Franka , Hohenberger Ralph , Kasper Bernd , Marx Alexander , Haller Florian , Baumgarten Christina , Wardelmann Eva , Jakob Jens 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe development of desmoid tumors (DT) is associated with trauma, which is an aspect with medicolegal relevance. The objective of this study was to analyze the proportion and type of trauma (surgical, blunt/fracture, implants), its lag time, and mutations of the CTNNB1 gene in patients with sporadic DT.MethodsWe analyzed a prospectively kept database of 381 females and 171 males, median age at disease onset 37.7 years (females) and 39.3 years (males) with a histologically confirmed DT. Patients with germline mutation of the APC gene were excluded. Details of the history particularly of traumatic injuries to the site of DT were provided by 501 patients.ResultsIn 164 patients (32.7%), a trauma anteceding DT could be verified with a median lag time of 22.9 months (SD, 7.7 months; range, 9‐44 months). A prior surgical procedure was relevant in 98 patients, a blunt trauma in 35 patients, a punctuated trauma (injections, trocar) in 18 patients, and site of an implant in 10 patients. In 220 patients, no trauma was reported (43.9%), and 58 females (11.6%) had a postpregnancy DT in the rectus abdominis muscle. In 42 patients (8.4%), data were inconclusive. The distribution of mutations in the CTNNB1 gene (codon 41 vs. 45) was similar in patients with and without a history of trauma before DT development.ConclusionsA significant subgroup of patients suffers from a trauma‐associated DT, predominantly at a prior surgical site including implants to breast or groin, accounting for 77.9% of the cases, whereas blunt trauma was responsible in 22.1%. We found no data to support that trauma‐associated DT have different molecular features in the CTNNB1 gene.
Asymmetric Reduction of Cyclic Imines by Imine Reductase Enzymes in Non‐Conventional Solvents
Authors: Arnodo Davide , De Nardi Federica , Parisotto Stefano , De Nardo Eugenio , Cananà Stefania , Salvatico Federica , De Marchi Elisa , Scarpi Dina , Blangetti Marco , Occhiato Ernesto G. , Prandi Cristina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe first enantioselective reduction of 2‐substituted cyclic imines to the corresponding amines (pyrrolidines, piperidines, and azepines) by imine reductases (IREDs) in non‐conventional solvents is reported. The best results were obtained in a glycerol/phosphate buffer 1 : 1 mixture, in which heterocyclic amines were produced with full conversions (>99 %), moderate to good yields (22–84 %) and excellent S‐enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee). Remarkably, the process can be performed at a 100 mM substrate loading, which, for the model compound, means a concentration of 14.5 g L−1. A fed‐batch protocol was also developed for a convenient scale‐up transformation, and one millimole of substrate 1 a was readily converted into 120 mg of enantiopure amine (S)‐2 a with a remarkable 80 % overall yield. This aspect strongly contributes to making the process potentially attractive for large‐scale applications in terms of economic and environmental sustainability for a good number of substrates used to produce enantiopure cyclic amines of high pharmaceutical interest.
Cost‐optimized Internet of Things application deployment in edge computing environment
Authors: Tang Bing , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Yang Qing , Qi Xin , Alqahtani Fayez , Tolba Amr 
Published: September 2023

SummaryWith the increasing popularity of cloud native and DevOps, container technology has become widely used in combination with microservices. However, deploying container‐based microservices in distributed edge‐cloud infrastructure requires complex selection strategies to ensure high‐quality service for users. Existing container orchestration tools lack flexibility in selecting the best deployment location based on user cost budgets and are insufficient in providing personalized deployment solutions. This paper proposes a genetic algorithm‐based Internet of Things (IoT) application deployment and selection strategy for personalized cost budgets. The application deployment problem is defined as an optimization problem that minimizes user service latency under cost constraints, which is an NP‐hard problem. The genetic algorithm is introduced to solve this problem effectively and improve deployment efficiency. Comparative results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms four baseline algorithms, including time‐greedy, cost‐greedy, random, and PSO, using real datasets and some synthetic datasets. The proposed algorithm provides personalized deployment solutions for edge‐cloud infrastructure.
Influence of multiple human chorionic gonadotropin administrations on serum and urinary steroid Athlete Biological Passport profiles in males
Authors: Goodrum Jenna M. , Moore Chad , Crouch Andre K. , Eichner Daniel , Miller Geoffrey D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) is a longitudinal tool used in anti‐doping to monitor biological parameters known to change with performance‐enhancing drug use. The ABP consists of multiple modules, including two aimed at detecting the use of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids: the urinary and serum steroid modules. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a protein hormone potentially abused by male athletes to increase the production of endogenous testosterone. To date, no studies have investigated the impact of extended hCG administration on the urinary and serum steroid modules of the ABP. The goal of this study was to identify the impact of multiple hCG administrations on the parameters tracked as part of the urinary and serum steroid modules of the ABP. Ten recreationally active, healthy male individuals self‐administered seven 250 μg hCG injections over 3 weeks. Serum and urine samples were collected before, during, and 2 weeks following the final injection. All ABP parameters were quantified in the respective matrix, and steroid profiles were created with Anti‐Doping Administration and Management System adaptive model upper and lower limits for both matrices. In both serum and urine profiles, testosterone increased; however, the testosterone/epitestosterone ratio in urine and the testosterone/androstenedione ratio in serum showed minimal changes. Additionally, serum luteinizing hormone (LH) was quantified using an immunoassay, and a serum testosterone/LH ratio was generated. Serum LH values decreased during administration causing large increases in the serum T/LH ratio, indicating this ratio may be a more sensitive parameter for detecting hCG abuse than urinary testosterone/epitestosterone or serum testosterone/androstenedione.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Fused Tetrahydroquinoline‐Iminosugar Derivatives
Authors: Wu Jilai , Xie Song , Xu Xin , Zhou Ziyi , Zhou Likai , Wei Chao , Li Xiaoliu , Wu Chen , Chen Hua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn efficient and simple one‐pot synthesis of structurally diverse novel tetrahydroquinoline‐fused iminosugars was developed through the aza‐Diels‐Alder mechanism. The adaptability of this method has been demonstrated by a variety of imines and d/l‐ribose tosylates, and both, electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing substituted imines proceed well. In addition, this reaction is characterized by simple operation, good yield, and high atom economy. Some synthetic iminosugars showed moderate anti proliferation of HCT116 tumor cells.
Dravet syndrome: A systematic literature review of the illness burden
Authors: Strzelczyk Adam , Lagae Lieven , Wilmshurst Jo M , Brunklaus Andreas , Striano Pasquale , Rosenow Felix , Schubert‐Bast Susanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe performed a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis according to a pre‐registered protocol (Prospero: CRD42022376561) to identify the evidence associated with the burden of illness in Dravet syndrome (DS), a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by drug‐resistant epilepsy with neurocognitive and neurobehavioral impairment. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsychInfo, Cochrane's database of systematic reviews, and Epistemonikos from inception to June 2022. Non‐interventional studies reporting on epidemiology (incidence, prevalence, and mortality), patient and caregiver health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), direct and indirect costs and healthcare resource utilization were eligible. Two reviewers independently carried out the screening. Pre‐specified data were extracted and a narrative synthesis was conducted. Overall, 49 studies met the inclusion criteria. The incidence varied from 1:15 400–1:40 900, and the prevalence varied from 1.5 per 100 000 to 6.5 per 100 000. Mortality was reported in 3.7%–20.8% of DS patients, most commonly due to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy and status epilepticus. Patient HRQoL, assessed by caregivers, was lower than in non‐DS epilepsy patients; mean scores (0 [worst] to 100/1 [best]) were 62.1 for the Kiddy KINDL/Kid‐KINDL, 46.5–54.7 for the PedsQL and 0.42 for the EQ‐5D‐5L. Caregivers, especially mothers, were severely affected, with impacts on their time, energy, sleep, career, and finances, while siblings were also affected. Symptoms of depression were reported in 47%–70% of caregivers. Mean total direct costs were high across all studies, ranging from $11 048 to $77 914 per patient per year (PPPY), with inpatient admissions being a key cost driver across most studies. Mean costs related to lost productivity were only reported in three publications, ranging from approximately $19 000 to $20 000 PPPY ($17 596 for mothers vs $1564 for fathers). High seizure burden was associated with higher resource utilization, costs and poorer HRQoL. The burden of DS on patients, caregivers, the healthcare system, and society is profound, reflecting the severe nature of the syndrome. Future studies will be able to assess the impact that newly approved therapies have on reducing the burden of DS.