bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Guide to Flow Cytometry: Components, Basic Principles, Experimental Design, and Cancer Research Applications
Authors: El‐Hajjar Layal , Ali Ahmad Fatima , Nasr Rihab 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFlow cytometry (FCM) is a state‐of‐the‐art technique for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of cells and other particles’ physical and biological properties. These cells are suspended within a high‐velocity fluid stream and pass through a laser beam in single file. The main principle of the FCM instrument is the light scattering and fluorescence emission upon the interaction of the fluorescent particle with the laser beam. It also allows for the physical sorting of particles depending on different parameters. A flow cytometer comprises different components, including fluidic, optics, and electronics systems. This article briefly explains the mechanism of all components of a flow cytometer to clarify the FCM technique's general principles, provides some useful guidelines for the proper design of FCM panels, and highlights some general applications and important applications in cancer research. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Phenotypic divergence of traits that mediate antagonistic and mutualistic interactions between island and continental populations of the tropical plant, Tribulus cistoides (Zygophyllaceae)
Authors: Reyes‐Corral Winer Daniel , Carvajal‐Endara Sofia , Hetherington‐Rauth Molly , Chaves Jaime A. , Grant Peter R. , Grant B. Rosemary , Hendry Andrew P. , Johnson Marc T. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIsland systems have long served as a model for evolutionary processes due to their unique species interactions. Many studies of the evolution of species interactions on islands have focused on endemic taxa. Fewer studies have focused on how antagonistic and mutualistic interactions shape the phenotypic divergence of widespread nonendemic species living on islands. We used the widespread plant Tribulus cistoides (Zygophyllaceae) to study phenotypic divergence in traits that mediate antagonistic interactions with vertebrate granivores (birds) and mutualistic interactions with pollinators, including how this is explained by bioclimatic variables. We used both herbarium specimens and field‐collected samples to compare phenotypic divergence between continental and island populations. Fruits from island populations were larger than on continents, but the presence of lower spines on mericarps was less frequent on islands. The presence of spines was largely explained by environmental variation among islands. Petal length was on average 9% smaller on island than continental populations, an effect that was especially accentuated on the Galápagos Islands. Our results show that Tribulus cistoides exhibits phenotypic divergence between island and continental habitats for antagonistic traits (seed defense) and mutualistic traits (floral traits). Furthermore, the evolution of phenotypic traits that mediate antagonistic and mutualistic interactions partially depended on the abiotic characteristics of specific islands. This study shows the potential of using a combination of herbarium and field samples for comparative studies on a globally distributed species to study phenotypic divergence on island habitats.
Features of floral odor and nectar in the distylous Luculia pinceana (Rubiaceae) promote compatible pollination by hawkmoths
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue , Chen Yan , Yi Yin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is hypothesized that in heterostylous plant species, standardization of signals of floral attraction between different morphs is advantageous, encouraging flower visitors to switch between morphs. It remains unclear whether signals of floral attraction (floral odor and properties of nectar) are similar between morphs in distylous species pollinated by hawkmoths, and how these relate to hawkmoth behavior. We observed the behavior of visitors to distylous Luculia pinceana (Rubiaceae), collected and analyzed floral odor, and examined properties of nectar (volume, sugar concentration, and composition) of long‐styled and short‐styled morphs during the day and night. Pollinator responses to the floral scent were tested with a Y‐tube olfactometer. We conducted diurnal and nocturnal pollination treatments and six other pollination treatments to test the importance of nocturnal pollinators and to examine the self‐incompatibility system. A species of hawkmoth, Cechenena lineosa, was the effective pollinator. The floral odor was rich in methyl benzoate, and sucrose was dominant in the nectar. There were no significant differences between the two morphs in the methyl benzoate content or the properties of nectar. Flowers released more methyl benzoate and secreted larger volumes of nectar with lower sugar concentration at night than during the day. The hawkmoth had a significant preference for methyl benzoate. Luculia pinceana was partially self‐incompatible and relied on nocturnal pollinators for reproductive success. This study verifies that floral attraction signals are consistent between different morphs in this distylous species, promoting compatible pollination, and the features and the diel pattern of these signals between day and night are adapted to hawkmoth behavior.
Long‐term seed bank persistence in a stochastic desert environment
Authors: de Queiroz Tara , Meyer Susan E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeed banks, the collection of viable seeds in the soil, are particularly important determinants of population survival in highly variable environments. Predictions of increased stochasticity in the amount and timing of precipitation in desert environments raise the question of how seed banks of desert species will respond to climate change, and ultimately, whether these species will persist. Here, we present data from our long‐term studies of germination requirements and seed bank dynamics in a rare desert gypsophile perennial, Arctomecon californica (Las Vegas bearpoppy). Arctomecon californica is a relatively short‐lived plant that recruits from seed in sequences of unusually favorable years. We used germination experiments, an in situ seed bank study, and a 15‐year field seed retrieval study to examine factors affecting seed bank persistence. In the germination study, a majority of seeds remained dormant, despite a wide variety of treatments, suggesting that a large proportion of the seed dispersed each year has cue‐nonresponsive dormancy. Our in situ seed bank study showed that seed density varied widely between sites, among transects, and among samples within a transect. The patchiness of seeds in the soil highlights the importance of protecting large areas where A. californica populations are known to have existed in the past. The seed retrieval study provided strong evidence that this species has a long‐lived seed bank in which only a small fraction of seeds (roughly 5%) become nondormant each year, allowing seed banks of this species to last up to 20 years without a seed production event. Whether this impressive life‐history strategy can maintain the species in the face of climate change depends on the future frequency of the well‐timed precipitation that allows for the establishment of new cohorts of adult plants.
Spatial Bayesian models project shifts in suitable habitat for Pacific Northwest tree species under climate change
Authors: Kralicek Karin , Ver Hoef Jay M. , Barrett Tara M. , Temesgen Hailemariam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe developed spatial Bayesian hierarchical models to assess potential climate change impacts on suitable habitat for five important tree species in the Pacific northwestern United States (California, Oregon, and Washington). Individual‐species models were fit with presence–absence data from forest inventory field plots and spatial relationships were specified through a conditional autoregressive model. This modeling approach allowed us to visualize uncertainty in response curves, map current and future prediction uncertainty, and provide interval estimates for change. Upward elevational or northward latitudinal shifts in climatically suitable habitat were projected for all species. Climate change impacts were the most damaging for noble fir (Abies procera), for which 79%–100% of the current range was projected to become climatically unsuitable by the 2080s. Although coastal Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) has been projected by others to gain habitat in Canada, within our study area we projected a net loss of climatically suitable habitat (ca. 8000–31,400 km2) under three of four future climate scenarios. A net loss in habitat was also projected for Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) under three of four scenarios, with 40%–60% of the current range becoming unsuitable. Although there was no net loss of habitat for forest land blue oak under any scenario, other factors like competition may inhibit blue oak (Quercus douglasii) and white oak from occupying areas projected to increase in climatic suitability. Additionally, between 13% and 32% of blue oak's current range was projected to become unsuitable; some of these areas aligned with dieback following the 2012–2015 California drought, which our data set predates. Unlike the other four species, we projected a 17%–25% increase in climatically suitable habitat for California black oak (Quercus kelloggii), although 1%–20% of the current range was still projected to become unsuitable. Our findings indicate that, although some species will face more pressure in tracking climatically suitable habitat than others, climate change will impact the location of suitable habitat for many species.
Health‐related quality of life among transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy patients
Authors: Eldhagen Per , Lehtonen Jukka , Gude Einar , Gustafsson Finn , Bagger‐Bahnsen Anne , Vakevainen Merja , Pilgaard Trine , Wedell‐Wedellsborg Dorte , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt ,   Nordic PROACT study group
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTransthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR CM) is a progressive and severe heart disease with physical and psychological implications. The Nordic PROACT study was conducted to investigate the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in ATTR CM patients.Methods and resultsThe Nordic PROACT study was a cross‐sectional non‐interventional study conducted in 12 cardiology hospital clinics across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark. Men and women aged ≥18 years diagnosed with symptomatic ATTR CM were included. The investigator provided information on medical history, biomarkers, current treatment, co‐morbidities and disease severity according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and the National Amyloidosis Centre (NAC) staging. Patients completed the HRQoL questionnaires in the form of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), the EQ‐5D‐5L index with Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Major Depression Inventory (MDI). A total of 169 patients (mean ± SD age 77.7 ± 6.2 years) were included. Ninety‐two per cent were men. Seventy‐six per cent had wildtype ATTR CM (ATTRwt CM) and 15% had a hereditary form of ATTR CM (ATTRv CM) while 9% were genetically unclassified. Most patients were in NYHA class II (54%) and NAC stage 1 (53%). Participation in randomized clinical trials (RCT) was noted in 58% of the patients. The 169 ATTR CM patients had a mean ± SD KCCQ score of 64.3 ± 23.1 for total symptom score, 64.8 ± 20.9 for overall summary score (OSS) and 65.1 ± 21.5 for clinical summary score. The EQ‐5D‐5L total utility score was 0.8 ± 0.2 and the EQ‐5D‐5L VAS score was 62.9 ± 20.6. The vast majority (89%) did not report any signs of depression. Patients with ATTRv CM had a higher KCCQ OSS as compared with ATTRwt CM, while EQ‐5D‐5L utility score, EQ‐5D‐5L VAS and MDI were similar. Non‐RCT participants had a poorer HRQoL as compared with RCT participants as reflected in lower KCCQ OSS and EQ‐5D‐5L VAS scores and a higher MDI score. Patients with higher NYHA classes and NAC disease stages had a poorer HRQoL as demonstrated by lower KCCQ and EQ‐5D‐5L scores and higher MDI scores. Correlation between KCCQ, EQ‐5D‐5L and MDI and the covariate NYHA class remained significant (P < 0.05) after adjusting for multiple testing.ConclusionsKCCQ scores were lower than previously reported for patients with other heart diseases of non‐ATTR CM origin. The HRQoL measures correlated well to NYHA class and NAC disease stage. The prevalence of depression appeared to be low.
Discovery of Elaphuri Davidiani Cornu–specific peptide biomarkers by peptidomics analysis–based method
Authors: Liu Rui , Wang Qian , Xiao Dong , Zhu Yue , Yang Bin , Ding Yuhua , Bai Jiade , Wen Huajun , Wu Hairong , Duan Jin‐Ao , Zhao Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElaphuri Davidiani Cornu (EDC) is the antler of the male Père David's deer, which has been reported to have multiple biological activities, and its use as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China has been known for thousands of years. However, EDC is difficult to distinguish from other related species–derived antlers in powder or extract form in TCM clinic use, such as Cervus elaphus Cornu (CEC) and Cervus nippon Cornu (CNC), both derived from Cervidae and easily confused with EDC. In this study, a strategy using peptidomics combined with mathematics set analysis was used to identify EDC‐specific peptide biomarkers, and four specific peptide biomarkers (Pep‐E1–E4) were identified and validated. Pep‐E1, Pep‐E3, and Pep‐E4 could be exclusively detected in EDC samples, with relative peak areas of 0.298 ± 0.060, 0.039 ± 0.015, and 0.037 ± 0.008, whereas Pep‐E2 showed relative peak area of 0.516 ± 0.101 in EDC, 0.132 ± 0.026 in CEC, and 0.136 ± 0.047 in CNC samples, respectively. These four peptides are applicable to distinguish EDC from CEC and CNC, which is of great significance for the quality control of EDC.
Estimating uncertainty in read‐out patterns: Application to controls‐based denoising and voxel‐based morphometry patterns in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases
Authors: Blum Dominik , Hepp Tobias , Belov Valdimir , Goya‐Maldonado Roberto , la Fougère Christian , Reimold Matthias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuantifying pathology‐related patterns in patient data with pattern expression score (PES) is a standard approach in medical image analysis. In order to estimate the PES error, we here propose to express the uncertainty contained in read‐out patterns in terms of the expected squared Euclidean distance between the read‐out pattern and the unknown “true” pattern (squared standard error of the read‐out pattern, SE2). Using SE2, we predicted and optimized the net benefit (NBe) of the recently suggested method controls‐based denoising (CODE) by weighting patterns of nonpathological variance (NPV). Multi‐center MRI (1192 patients with various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, 1832 healthy controls) were analysed with voxel‐based morphometry. For each pathology, accounting for SE2, NBe correctly predicted classification improvement and allowed to optimize NPV pattern weights. Using these weights, CODE improved classification performances in all but one analyses, for example, for prediction of conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AUC 0.81 vs. 0.75, p = .01), diagnosis of autism (AUC 0.66 vs. 0.60, p < .001), and of major depressive disorder (AUC 0.62 vs. 0.50, p = .03). We conclude that the degree of uncertainty in a read‐out pattern should generally be reported in PES‐based analyses and suggest using weighted CODE as a complement to PES‐based analyses.
Serum vitamin D concentration, vitamin D‐related polymorphisms, and colorectal cancer risk
Authors: Li Jiaoyuan , Qin Shifan , Zhang Shanshan , Lu Yifan , Shen Qian , Cheng Liming , Zhong Rong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSerum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been demonstrated to be associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it remains unclear whether this association was modified by vitamin D‐related polymorphisms. We evaluated association of serum 25(OH)D concentration with CRC risk among 403 170 participants from UK Biobank Project. Two variants of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), rs4588 and rs7041, were included to estimate the binding affinity of 25(OH)D to VDBP, and three variants of vitamin D receptor (VDR), rs11568820, rs2228570 and rs1544410, which may influence VDR activity, were also investigated. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During 4 957 677 person‐years of follow‐up, 5053 incident CRC cases were documented. Higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with lower CRC incidence in a dose‐response manner, with HR (95% CIs) being 0.94 (0.91‐0.97) per 1 SD increment of serum 25(OH)D level (Ptrend < .001). When separated by anatomic site, we observed a significant association between higher 25(OH)D and lower incidence of colon cancer (Ptrend < .001), but not rectal cancer (Ptrend = .880). The inverse associations between 25(OH)D level and CRC risk were demonstrated in almost all individuals carrying different GC or VDR genotypes, except for those with rs1544410 TT or rs4588 TT genotypes. There was no significant interaction between any single variant, or haplotypes of GC or VDR, and 25(OH)D level. Our findings suggest the potential benefits of maintaining adequate vitamin D for CRC prevention, particularly for tumors from colon.
Identifying differential trajectories and predictors for depressive symptoms in adolescents using latent class growth analysis: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Ho Yen‐Chung , Chiou Hung‐Yi , Molloy Luke , Lin Kuan‐Chia , Chang Pi‐Chen , Chang Hsiu‐Ju 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigated the differential trajectories and relevant determinants of depressive symptoms in adolescents by following cohorts that included junior, senior, and vocational high school adolescents, over a 3‐year period in Taiwan.MethodsLongitudinal data were obtained from 575 adolescents who participated in the Taiwan Adolescent to Adult Longitudinal Study. Data analysis included latent class growth with time‐varying covariate, univariate, and multivariate analysis.ResultsA three‐class (“low but increasing trajectory,” “moderate and stable trajectory,” and “high but decreasing trajectory”) model fit the data of the cohort. Our findings indicated that 29%, 38%, and 33% of the adolescents were in the low but increasing, moderate and stable, and high but decreasing trajectories, respectively. After confounders were controlled for, bullying experiences were identified as a risk factor for depressive symptoms. The protective factors against depressive symptoms included resilience and peer and social support.ConclusionsThe transitions between different educational stages critically influence the depressive symptoms of adolescents, and the adolescents follow different depressive trajectories, that have different etiology. Therefore, identifying adolescents at high risk for depression and designing student‐centered intervention programs through individualized and multidimensional assessment of depressive symptoms are crucial for adolescents.
Recall bias of students' affective experiences in adolescence: The role of personality and internalizing behavior
Authors: Schmidt Philipp , Jendryczko David , Zurbriggen Carmen L. A. , Nussbeck Fridtjof W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdolescence is characterized by multiple biopsychosocial changes, associated with a high intraindividual variability of emotional experiences. Previous findings suggest that this intraindividual variability is reflected in a recall bias of adolescents' emotion reports. However, corresponding findings are scarce and inconclusive. Studies on predictors of recall bias in adulthood indicate that personality traits, especially neuroticism and extraversion, as well as specific internalizing disorders might affect recall bias of emotion reports.MethodsThe sample consists of 118 Swiss adolescent students in grade 8 and 9 (Mage = 15.15, SDage = 0.89). The students' momentary affective experience was recorded using smartphones over seven consecutive days in situ at 42 randomly generated occasions (six per day), with a total of 1059 protocols on current events. At the end of the experience‐sampling phase, students filled out an online questionnaire, providing information about their personality and typical behavior as well as their retrospective affective experience. In addition, the students' behavior was evaluated by their teachers. We applied two‐level structural equation modeling with latent difference variables.ResultsAdolescents high in extraversion showed retrospective overestimation of positive affective experiences and underestimation of negative affective experiences. Adolescents with high neuroticism tended to overestimate negative affect retrospectively, showing no significant effects for positive affect. However, internalizing behavior did not predict a negative recall bias in adolescents' affective experience.ConclusionsRetrospective self‐reports about adolescents' affective experience are biased by relatively stable individual factors, whereas less stable individual factors did not seem to have any influence.
Acute onset dermatomyositis with NXP‐2 antibodies after Sars‐CoV‐2 vaccination in a 20‐year‐old female
Authors: Porter Emma , Byrne Berbie , Sarfaraz Sumreen , Leonard Niamh , Field Sinead 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDermatomyositis is an autoimmune connective tissue disease with variable cutaneous and systemic manifestations. While multiple cutaneous reactions to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination have been described, vaccine‐associated emergence of dermatomyositis has rarely been reported. Cases of deterioration in pre‐existing connective tissue diseases have been described following both vaccination and COVID‐19 infection. A potential mechanism of immune system activation and dysregulation has been suggested. This case describes acute onset of dermatomyositis in a young female, presenting with classic cutaneous features including Gottron papules, Holster sign and proximal nail fold erythema, accompanied with myalgia and fatigue. Laboratory findings of elevated creatine kinase and myositis‐specific autoantibodies confirmed the diagnosis, with supportive histological findings of necrotic keratinocytes at the dermoepidermal junction. In keeping with the typical progression of dermatomyositis with NXP‐2 autoantibodies, cutaneous findings resolved rapidly, while systemic manifestations slowly improved with treatment. Thorough investigations for underlying malignancy were completed. This case adds to the limited medical literature surrounding these cases and further highlights the importance of consideration of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in the immunologic pathophysiology of autoimmune connective tissue diseases.
Risk spillover networks in financial markets: Evidence from emerging markets
Authors: Jin Yujia , Zhang Ailian , Liu Bai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper empirically explores dynamic risk impact of extreme volatility between stock and foreign exchange markets in emerging markets. Based on CoVaR analysis, we construct networks to investigate the nonlinear and dynamic evolution characteristics of risk contagion. The results show that stock and foreign exchange markets exhibit asymmetric tail dependence. All networks present small world network characteristics. The risk tolerance impact is more noticeable than risk overflow and stock markets are more sensitive to risk contagion. In the minimum spanning tree (MST), Korean stock market and foreign exchange markets of India and China are critical nodes in the minimum path of risk overflow.