bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Inclusive Exploration of Forced Degradation Analysis of Some Therapeutic Categories of Drugs in the Last Decade
Authors: Tuteja Jasdev Singh , Singh Anamika , Narsinghani Tamanna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, forced degradation tests are used to assess the stability of drug samples. Examining degradation products under stress is beneficial for determining degradation pathways as well as designing and validating appropriate analytical techniques. Forced degradation experiments reveal the molecule’s chemical behavior, which aids formulation and packaging creation. The current review examines the forced degradation of a variety of therapeutic classes of medications, including anticancer, antihypertensive, antiviral, CNS pharmaceuticals, and other miscellaneous drugs. During forced degradation analysis, the study examines the degradation behavior of several medications from the abovementioned categories. The findings will likely aid researchers in determining the degradation process of related drugs belonging to the same category.
Cataract surgery training
Authors: Ripa Matteo , Sherif Atef 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:To report a trainee's experience gained in the cataract extraction training program after the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS:An ophthalmologist was trained in phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the ETAPE foundation, Eye Center, Cairo for a period of 4 weeks by three expert cataract surgeons. The training was tailored to the previous trainee's experience according to his residency logbook and supervised by one expert cataract surgeon. The training included didactic lectures, clinical observations, and hands-on practical experience. In addition, the trainee was provided with a logbook to record details of patients operated on and procedures observed.RESULTS:The trainee performed 58 phacoemulsification surgery with IOL implantation and two extracapsular cataract extraction over the 4 weeks. Seven patients underwent intraoperative complications. Surgical time (ST) improved from 48.77 ± 9.65 min in the 1stweek to 19.34 ± 1.31 min during the last week of training (P= 0.046). Poisson regression showed that patients affected by less severe cataracts were more likely to exhibit a lower incidence of complications than patients affected by more severe cataracts. In addition, patients operated on during the 1stweek were more likely to show a higher incidence of complications than those operated on during the last week.CONCLUSIONS:The 4-week surgical training effectively improved surgical confidence and micro incisional skills according to ST reduction and complication rate occurrence. Ophthalmologists benefit from enhancing their cataract skills in a short time following a well-structured cataract extraction course. This could undoubtedly lead to improved surgical outcomes for patients undergoing cataract extraction.
Impact of online classes on eye health of children and young adults in the setting of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Neena R. , Gayathri M. S. , Prakash Nimmy , Anantharaman Giridhar 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
To analyze the impact of online classes on eye health of children and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An observational study with a written questionnaire and comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation at a tertiary eye care center in South India, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS:
Of the 496 patients, most were 5–10 years old, attending online classes 1–2 h/day with majority (84.7%) having <4 h of classes. Electronic gadget use after classes was seen in 95.6% participants and 28.6% admitted to using it for more than 2 h/day. Digital eye strain (DES) was seen in 50.8% of patients of which headache or eye ache were the most common symptom (30.8%). Duration of online class was found to be the single most independent factor associated with the development of eye complaints (P = 0.001). Duration of class hours (P = 0.007) and light setting (P = 0.008) was found to be independent determinants of developing DES.

CONCLUSIONS:
Increased screen time, inadequate light setting, and excessive application of near vision can produce undesirable effects including the development of DES, worsening or development of new refractive errors and squint.
ANALISIS SP4N LAPOR DI KANTOR BAGIAN ORGANISASI SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN KARIMUN
Authors: Zulaikah Riska Sri , Akhyary Edy , Okparizan Okparizan 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan pelayanan pengaduan masyarakat berbasis online SP4N LAPOR (Sistem Pengelolaan Pengaduan Pelayanan Publik Nasional Layanan Aspirasi dan Pengaduan Online Rakyat). Informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling yang terdiri dari kepala sub bagian pelayanan publik dan tata laksana, pengadministrasian perencanaan dan program/web admin, pengelola pengaduan publik, serta masyarakat. Dengan menggunakan 6 indikator pelaksanaan E-Government Richardus Eko Indrajit (2005). Data penelitian ini dikumpul dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan reduksi data, sajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 indikator pelaksanaan E-Government belum dipenuhi dengan baik oleh Kantor Bagian Organisasi Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Karimun yakni Content Development, Competency Building, Connectivity, Citizen Interface dan Capital. Masih perlu adanya perbaikan untuk ke 5 indikator dari pelaksanaan E-Government. Hanya 1 indikator pelaksanaan E-Government yang memenuhi yakni Cyber Laws karena adanya kejelasan perangkat hukum yang mendasari pelaksanaan SP4N LAPOR di Kabupaten Karimun. Dalam pelaksanaan SP4N LAPOR di Kantor Bagian Organisasi Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Karimun, diharapkan untuk dapat terus meningkatkan pelayanan pengaduan berbasis online serta mendapatkan kepercayaan dari masyarakat agar dapat menggunakan layanan pengaduan ini sehingga menciptakan pelayanan publik yang lebih baik di Kabupaten Karimun.
STRATEGI KELURAHAN KAMPUNG BULANG DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS APARATUR KELURAHAN MELALUI PROGRAM DESA CANTIK TAHUN 2021 DI KOTA TANJUNGPINANG
Authors: Apriani Yessi 
Published: February 2023

Program Desa Cantik (Cinta Statistik) merupakan bentuk tanggung jawab Badan Pusat Statistik terhadap pengembangan statistik sektoral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan Strategi Kelurahan Kampung Bulang dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Aparatur Kelurahan Melalui Program Desa Cantik Tahun 2021 Di Kota Tanjungpinang. Penyerahan Piagam Penghargaan di berikan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik Kepulauan Riau dan Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Tanjungpinang kepada Lurah Kampung Bulang pada tanggal 11 Januari 2022. Pendekatan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang di dapat kemudian di analisis menggunakan pendekatan yang dikembangkan oleh Miles and Huberman meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Kotten dengan hasil penelitian Strategi Kelurahan Kampung Bulang Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Aparatur Kelurahan Melalui Program Desa Cantik Tahun 2021 Di Kota Tanjungpinang berjalan secara optimal hal ini dibuktikan dengan terpilihnya sebagai 15 besar Kelurahan Cantik seindonesia dan mendapat piagam penghargaan. Pemilihan desa/kelurahan yang akan mengikuti program desa cantik memenuhi beberapa kriteria sebagai berikut: sumber daya manusia yang mengelola administrasi sudah melek teknologi, saran teknologi informasi yang dimiliki pemerintah desa/kelurahan sudah memadai, sebagian besar perangkat desa/kelurahan sudah memiliki kesadaran statistik yang baik, sistem pengadministrasian sudah baik, memiliki profil kependudukan, memiliki website. Sementara itu saat pelaksanaan terkait dengan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi terkendala dengan Covid-19 dan kurang lengkapnya data.Kata Kunci : Strategi, Kualitas Aparatur Kelurahan, Program Desa Cantik
IMPLEMENTASI PERDA NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN DALAM PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI SI KANCIL DI KOTA TANJUNGPINANG
Authors: Rianingsih Mimi 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak : Pembuatan akta kelahiran online, aplikasi akta kelahiran berbasis web yang diperkenalkan pada rabu (22/3/2017) di aula lantai IV gedung balai Kota Tanjungpinang oleh Wali Kota Tanjungpinang. Memang banyak sekali pembuatan dalam penggunaan aplikasi si kancil ini bukan hanya saja membuat akta kelahiran saja, ada pun proses pembuatan KTP, surat kematian, KK, dll. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Implementasi Perda Nomor 9 Tahun 2011 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Administrasi Kependudukan Dalam Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Si Kancil Di Kota Tanjungpinang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan informan sebanyak 5 (Lima) orang. Dengan menggunakan teori Van Meter dan Van Horn: (1) pada standar dan sasaran kebijakan (2) sumber daya (3) antar organisasi (4) komunikasi antar organisasi (5) posisi atau sikap para pelaksana (6) lingkungan sosial, politik, ekonomi. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi,wawancara, dan juga dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yaitu belum berjalannya aplikasi yang di sediakan oleh dinas kependudukan dan catatan sipil kota Tanjungpinang.Kata Kunci : Implementasi, Pemanfaatan aplikasi, Peraturan Daerah
Янги иқтисодий сиёсатнинг диний мактаблар фаолиятига таъсири (Фарғона водийси қишлоқлари мисолида)
Authors: Исакова Феруза 
Published: February 2023

XX асрнинг 20-йиллари охирларига келиб, республикада эски мактаб ва мадрасаларнинг тугатилишига кескин чоралар кўрилди. Уларнинг фаолияти қаттиқ қораланиб,“эскилик сарқитлари” сифатида баҳоланди. Ўзбекистонда совет ҳукуматининг тазйиқи билан эски усул мактабларини ислоҳ қилинишига йўл қўймаслик, ислоҳ қилинганларини эса янги совет мактабларини очиш орқали йўқотиш чоралари кўрилди.
Maps with 1 km resolution reveal increases in above- and belowground forest biomass carbon pools in China over the past 20 years
Authors: Chen Yongzhe , Feng Xiaoming , Fu Bojie , Ma Haozhi , Zohner Constantin M. , Crowther Thomas W. , Huang Yuanyuan , Wu Xutong , Wei Fangli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. To quantify the ecological consequences of recent nationwide restoration
efforts in China, spatially explicit information on forest biomass carbon
stock changes over the past 20 years is critical. However, long-term biomass tracking at the national scale remains challenging as it requires continuous and high-resolution monitoring. Here, we characterize the changes in the above- and belowground biomass carbon (AGBC and BGBC) of forests in China between 2002 and 2021 at 1 km spatial resolution by integrating multiple types of remote sensing observations with intensive field measurements through regression and machine learning approaches. On average, 8.6 ± 0.6 and 2.2 ± 0.1 PgC were stored in above- and belowground live forests in China. Over the last 20 years, the total forest biomass carbon pool in China has increased at a rate of 114.5 ± 16.3 TgC yr−1 (approximately 1.1 % yr−1). The most pronounced forest biomass carbon stock gains occurred in central to southern China, including the southern Loess Plateau, Qinling mountains, southwestern karsts and southeastern forests. While the combined use of multi-source remote sensing data provides a powerful tool to assess the forest biomass carbon changes, future research is also needed to explore the drivers of the observed woody biomass trends and to evaluate the degree to which biomass gains will translate into biodiverse, healthy ecosystems that are sustainable. Annual forest above- and belowground biomass maps for China are now available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21931161.v1 (Chen, 2023).
A pioneering time of discoveries in large-scale tropical meteorology: 1960 through 1972
Authors: Madden Roland A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/mjo, last access: 9 February 2023) states that “The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a major fluctuation in
tropical weather on weekly to monthly timescale. The MJO can be
characterized as an eastward moving `pulse' of cloud and rainfall near the
Equator that typically recurs every 30 to 60 days.” Early descriptions of
the MJO were contained in two papers by Madden and Julian (1971, 1972). This paper relates the story of developments in tropical meteorology in the 1960s that led to those two papers. The decade saw the first unambiguous
identification of large-scale, theoretically predicted, tropical waves. Spectral analysis was used effectively by researchers to link observations
with the theoretically expected features of these waves. At the same time,
longer time series of observations, faster computers, and an algorithm
designed to speed up Fourier transforms, vital for spectral analysis, all
became available. These developments set the stage for the oscillation to be recognized.
Quality assessment of meta-analyses on soil organic carbon
Authors: Fohrafellner Julia , Zechmeister-Boltenstern Sophie , Murugan Rajasekaran , Valkama Elena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in the
global carbon cycle and is a potential sink for carbon dioxide. Agricultural
management practices can support carbon sequestration and, therefore, offer
potential removal strategies whilst also improving overall soil quality.
Meta-analysis allows one to summarize results from primary articles by
calculating an overall effect size and to reveal the source of variation
across studies. The number of meta-analyses published in the field of
agriculture is continuously rising. At the same time, more and more articles
refer to their synthesis work as a meta-analysis, despite applying less than
rigorous methodologies. As a result, poor-quality meta-analyses are
published and may lead to questionable conclusions and recommendations to
scientists, policymakers, and farmers. This study aims at quantitatively analyzing 31 meta-analyses, published
between the years of 2005 and 2020, studying the effects of different management
practices on SOC. We compiled a set of quality criteria suitable for soil and
agricultural sciences by adapting existing meta-analytical guidelines from
other disciplines. The set is supported by a scoring scheme that allows for a
quantitative analysis. The retrieved meta-analyses were structured according
to 11 management categories, such as tillage, cover crops, crop residue
management, and biochar application, which allowed us to assess the
state of knowledge on these categories. Major deficiencies were found in the
use of standard metrics for effect size calculation, independence of effect
sizes, standard deviation extraction for each study, and study weighting by
the inverse of variance. Only 1 out of 31 SOC meta-analyses, which studied
the effects of no tillage/reduced tillage compared with conventional tillage, was
found to be of high quality. Therefore, improved meta-analyses on the
effects of organic agriculture, biochar, fertilization, or crop
diversification on SOC are urgently needed. We conclude that, despite efforts over the last 15 years, the quality of
meta-analyses on SOC research is still low. Thus, in order for the scientific
community to provide high-quality synthesis work and to make advancements in
the sustainable management of agricultural soils, we need to adapt rigorous
methodologies of meta-analysis as quickly as possible.
Brief communication: Tritium concentration and age of firn accumulation in an ice cave of Mount Olympus (Greece)
Authors: Lazaridis Georgios , Stamoulis Konstantinos , Dora Despoina , Kalogeropoulos Iraklis , Trimmis Konstantinos P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Firn from an ice cave in the highest mountain of Greece, Mount
Olympus, was sampled and analyzed to determine the tritium content in order
to estimate rates of accumulation and to date the ice plug. The presence of a sharp raise of tritium content indicating the nuclear testing era was expected to be preserved into ice beds. Tritium concentrations were found to vary from 0.9 to 11 TU. This peak did not appear in the analyzed samples, providing an upper age limit of less than 50 years for the oldest sampled layer. It is suggested that the rate of melting is responsible for the absence of older firn layers.
Emotional responses of college students to filtered fluorescent lighting in a classroom (v3)
Authors: Yuen Hon K. , Wood Anna L. , Krentel Jane E. , Oster Robert A. , Cunningham Anthony D. , Jenkins Gavin R. 
Published: February 2023

Background Classroom lighting, usually bright fluorescent light, can significantly influence the learning environment and emotions of students. Objective To assess the emotional impact of classroom lighting on students during an academic year. Methods This study used an ABAB withdrawal research design in the following manner: in phase A, the baseline condition, classroom lighting was provided by conventional overhead white fluorescent classroom lights; in phase B, the intervention condition, the conventional overhead white fluorescent classroom lights were covered with fabric filters (thin, translucent, creamy-colored plastic sheets) that were attached to the lighting fixture frame with magnetic discs. The filters produced softer light in the classroom than the fluorescent lights. Each phase lasted for at least 2 weeks. During each phase, students rated 18 pairs of words from the Mehrabian and Russell pleasure, arousal, and dominance semantic differential scale at least four times to assess the emotional impact of the lighting conditions. Results For all three emotional behaviors, the mean score of the filtered fluorescent light phase was significantly greater than the mean score of the baseline unfiltered fluorescent lighting phase, indicating more positive emotional responses. Students also noted they experienced fewer headaches and found it easier to see the whiteboard at the front of the classroom when the light filters were in place. Conclusion The light filters exerted a positive impact on the students’ emotions. Students preferred the filtered lighting to fluorescent lighting. This study supports the installation of filters over fluorescent lights in a college classroom.
Association of size structure, diet composition, endo-parasites of Snakehead fish (Channa striata, Bloch), in Lake Mainit, Caraga Region, Philippines
Authors: Paglinawan Rosannie Joy , Paylangco Ruby , Paylangco Jesiel Cris , Along Archie , Almadin Florence Jhun 
Published: February 2023

Channa striata Bloch is a type of indigenous freshwater fish abundant in Lake Mainit and it serves as a source of foods and finances of the people. This species was reported as an intermediate host of many helminth parasites. This research aimed to determine the association of endo-parasites, diet composition, and length and weight in snakehead fish C. striata Bloch in three selected municipalities along Lake Mainit, Caraga Region, Philippines. The results revealed that food items found in the stomach of the fish were mostly composed of shrimps, plant debris, fish, crab, detritus (dry & wet seasons), aquatic insects and snail (wet season). Among the seven food items, highest index of relative importance (IRI) value observed are shrimps in both wet and dry seasons. A nematode parasite was recovered in the gut of the fish samples. Out of 180 fish samples, 133 were infected with Procamallanus sp. The prevalence was higher in the dry season compared to the wet season. However, parasite intensity and diet count of C. striata Bloch. showed no significant variations between sampling sites and seasons. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between the intensity of the parasite count to the length and weight of the fish; the association between parasite count and diet count during dry and wet seasons showed a strong positive correlation. The results indicated that C. striata Bloch is susceptible to Procamallanus sp. nematode infection because of its carnivorous diet and serves as the vector or intermediate host in freshwater. Thus, more fish samples, the host’s age, host’s sex, the study gap, infection rate of the fish organs, and assessment of the physico-chemical parameters in future studies must be used.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Air Pollution
Authors: Ashraf M. Usman , Farwa Akram  , Sardar Usman  
Published: February 2023

The modern and motorized way of life has cultured air pollution. Air pollution has become the biggest rival of robust living. This situation is becoming more lethal in developing countries and so in Pakistan. Hence, this inquiry was carried out to propose an architecture design that could make real-time prediction of air pollution with another purpose of scanning the frequently adopted algorithm in past investigations. In addition, it was also intended to narrate the toxic effects of air pollution on human health. So, this research was carried out on a large dataset of Seoul as an adequate dataset of Pakistan was not attainable. The dataset consisted of three years (2017-2019) including 647,512 instances and 11 attributes. The four distinctive algorithms termed Random Forest, Linear Regression, Decision Tree and XGBoosting were employed. It was inferred that XGB is more promising and feasible in predicting concentration level of NO2, O3, SO2, PM10, PM2.5 and CO with the lowest RMSE and MAE values of 0.0111, 0.0262, 0.0168, 49.64, 41.68 and 0.1856 and 0.0067, 0.0096, 0.0017, 12.28, 7.63 and 0.0982 respectively. Furthermore, it was found out as well that the Random Forest was preferred mostly in the previous studies related to air pollution prophecy while many probes supported that air pollution is very detrimental to human health especially long-lasting exposure causes lung cancer, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của xỉ phốt pho đến tính chất của xi măng
Authors: Thiên Phạm Hữu , Đoàn Nguyễn Văn 
Published: February 2023

Bài báo này trình bày các kết quả nghiên cứu về tính chất hỗn hợp và cơ lý của xi măng sử dụng xỉ phốt pho. Công trình đã thực hiện nghiên cứu đánh giá trên loại xỉ phốt pho dạng hạt, đã được gia công nghiền mịn đến độ mịn >3500g/cm3. Các tính chất của xi măng được đánh giá thông qua các tiêu chuẩn TCVN hiện hành, trong đó chú trọng đến một số chỉ tiêu đánh giá về thời gian đông kết và cường độ của xi măng. Ngoài ra, xi măng sử dụng xỉ phốt pho còn được đánh giá thông qua một số chỉ tiêu khác như lượng nước tiêu chuẩn, tỷ lệ độ chảy, xác định sự thay đổi chiều dài thanh vữa trong dung dịch sulfat. Các nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng, xi măng sử dụng xỉ phốt pho có chất lượng tương đối tốt gần như tương đồng với xi măng sử dụng xỉ lò cao, đáp ứng được yêu cầu kỹ thuật để đưa vào ứng dụng thực tế.