bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug Repurposing‐Based Brain‐Targeting Self‐Assembly Nanoplatform Using Enhanced Ferroptosis against Glioblastoma
Authors: Liang Jiantang , Li Lei , Tian Hailong , Wang Zhihan , Liu Guowen , Duan Xirui , Guo Meiwen , Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Wei , Nice Edouard C. , Huang Canhua , He Weifeng , Zhang Haiyuan , Li Qifu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and lethal form of malignant brain tumor, is a therapeutic challenge due to the drug filtration capabilities of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). Interestingly, glioblastoma tends to resist apoptosis during chemotherapy, but is susceptible to ferroptosis. Developing therapies that can effectively target glioblastoma by crossing the BBB and evoke ferroptosis are, therefore, crucial for improving treatment outcomes. Herein, a versatile biomimetic nanoplatform, L‐D‐I/NPs, is designed that self‐assembled by loading the antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) onto lactoferrin (LF). This nanoplatform can selectively target glioblastoma by binding to low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein‐1 (LRP1) and crossing the BBB, thus inducing glioblastoma cell ferroptosis by boosting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and iron overload. In addition, L‐D‐I/NPs have demonstrated the ability to effectively suppress the progression of orthotopic glioblastoma and significantly prolong survival in a mouse glioblastoma model. This nanoplatform has facilitated the application of non‐chemotherapeutic drugs in tumor treatment with minimal adverse effects, paving the way for highly efficient ferroptosis‐based therapies for glioblastoma.
Heading in the right direction in 2023? Post‐flood lessons toward building a water‐resilient Pakistan
Authors: Naveed Arooj 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe 2022 monsoon season presented the worst‐case scenario for Pakistan in terms of what could have been visualized about water when in abundance and mismanaged. Consequently, the very foundation of the society and its people were affected. Post‐floods, as the country silently drifts toward becoming water scarce by 2025, there are valuable lessons that need to be contemplated upon for Pakistan to become water resilient. This discussion paper deliberates on this subject by introducing a policy brief on the background of the country's National Water Policy (NWP) and the 2022 floods that afflicted the lives of millions, submerging one‐third of the country. It goes on to explain insights into post‐flood lessons for the nation; these include equating water abundance and its insufficiency as a national security concern, active recognition and concentration for water management, appreciating the role of individuals, and not only working on policy formulation but its implementation as well. Conclusively, it presents institutional‐constitutional reforms as suggestions in the right direction for building a water‐resilient Pakistan. These include prioritizing water, creating water spaces and leadership, debating the idea of climate–water injustice and building community resilience, addressing subnational water conflicts, channelizing water concerns through media, considering the umbrella framework of water needs, wants, and excess, establishing water laws, practicing the policy of no corruption, and reviewing the 1991 Water Accord while maintaining the Indus Water Treaty (IWT).
Convective instability of blood‐based Au‐Fe3O4 hybrid nanoliquid under the presence of magnetic field with internal heat source: Application to cancer treatment
Authors: Maheshwari Sanjalee , Sharma Yogeshwar Dutt , Yadav Om Prakash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTargeted drug delivery is one of the most promising aspects of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Gold nanoparticles are widely used for drug delivery and in the treatment of tumors, but due to the low absorption of infrared light, tumor cells get destroyed. However, iron‐oxide‐coated gold nanoparticles could be used for drug delivery to a targeted spot with the help of an external magnetic field. The present article aims to investigate the thermal instability of the blood flow transporting gold and iron‐oxide nanoparticles through the artery. The Casson fluid model is used to characterize the blood flow, and Maxwell equations, together with Navier–Stokes equations, are used to describe the flow behavior. Further, the linear stability theory and normal mode analysis are used to obtain the secular equation of the thermal Rayleigh number. The influence of pertinent flow governing parameters such as heat source parameter, Chandrashekhar number, the diameter of nanoparticles, and volume fraction of nanoparticles are discussed graphically on the convective instability of the system. The addition of gold nanoparticles makes the system unstable due to their large size and heat generation within the system. On the other hand, the magnetic field stabilizes the system by controlling the trajectory of the nanoparticles injected into the blood vessels.
Introduction
Authors: Polak Regina , Rohs Patrick 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe introduction presents the idea and aims of this volume. The triad ‘Values – Politics – Religion’ forms the thematic framework within which results of the European Values Study based on the data of 1990, 1999, 2008, and 2017 are presented. The findings are embedded in an interdisciplinary discussion on the results, concepts, and challenges of this long-term study with a focus on the impact of religion on political values and attitudes. Against the background of the ‘crisis permanence’ since at least 2020, the editors argue the timeliness and relevance of this volume, as it offers fundamental empirical insights and theories as a starting point to further develop the expected value transformation in the years to come. Afterwards, the authors introduce the European Values Study, clarify the contested guiding concepts ‘Values – Politics – Religion’, and present the idea, character, outline, and structure of the volume. Furthermore, the research process, aims, and target groups of the volume are described. A summary of the individual contributions offers an overview of their main contents. The volume is intended as an explorative pilot study that aims at stimulating the further development of interdisciplinary values research and contributing to an in-depth, qualified discourse on values – in particular on the relationship between political and religious values – in society, politics, and religious communities.
Political Values and Religion: A Comparison Between Western and Eastern Europe
Authors: Pickel Susanne , Pickel Gert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAgainst the background of successful right-wing populist movements in recent years, a question arises as to whether the democratic political culture remains stable in Europe’s democracies. The EVS 2017 confirms that a high level of legitimacy is still attached to democracy, but that there are differences in support for the current democratic system. In Eastern Europe, we find a strong openness to alternative anti-democratic systems, which helps right-wing populists to gain influence and power. Prejudice provides a bridge between right-wing populists and religion. While socially engaged believers are pro-democratic, fundamentalist have an elective affinity with anti-democratic beliefs. Gender identities that do not follow the heteronormative pattern of binary couple relationships in particular prove to be a bridge to right-wing beliefs (Schneider et al., Zeitschrift für Religion, Gesellschaft und Politik (ZRGP) 5(2), 2021). It is possible that the ongoing progress of secularisation and modernisation in Western Europe is conducive to this. The validity of the secularisation theory must be assumed, because the East-Central European states had swung into line with Western European secularisation shortly after an upheaval of religiosity directly after 1989. If in the Russian region and Southeastern Europe the revitalisation process is confirmed, many Eastern European states have now reached the ‘normal’ level they would have had without socialist repression.
Piper nigrum extract suppresses tumor growth and enhances the antitumor immune response in murine models of breast cancer and melanoma
Authors: Lasso Paola , Rojas Laura , Arévalo Cindy , Urueña Claudia , Murillo Natalia , Nossa Paula , Sandoval Tito , Chitiva Luis Carlos , Barreto Alfonso , Costa Geison M. , Fiorentino Susana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough the antitumor effect of P. nigrum has been widely studied, research related to its possible immunomodulatory effects is relatively scarce. Here, the antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of an ethanolic extract of P. nigrum were evaluated in the murine models of 4T1 breast cancer and B16-F10 melanoma. In vitro evaluations showed that the P. nigrum extract has cytotoxic activity, induces apoptotic cell death, and has a pro-oxidant effect in both cell lines, but it regulates glucose uptake differently in both lines, decreasing it in 4T1 but not in B16-F10. P. nigrum extract significantly reduced tumor size in both models and decreased the occurrence of macrometastases in 4T1 model. Evaluation of immune subpopulations by flow cytometry revealed that the P. nigrum extract significantly increases the frequency of dendritic cells and activated CD8+ T cells and decreases the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor like cells and Tregs in the tumor microenvironment of both models but with different dynamics. Our findings strongly suggest that the P. nigrum extract exerts immunomodulatory functions, slightly related to the modulation of cellular energy metabolism, which could ultimately contribute to the promising antitumor effect of P. nigrum.
Coracobrachialis muscle morphology and coexisted neural variants: a cadaveric case series
Authors: Piagkou Maria , Tsakotos George , Triantafyllou George , Koutserimpas Christos , Chytas Dimitrios , Karampelias Vasilios , Pantekidis Ioannis , Triantafyllou Anastasia , Natsis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The current cadaveric case series evaluates the coracobrachialis muscle morphology, the related musculocutaneous nerve origin, course, and branching pattern, as well as associated adjacent neuromuscular variants.

Materials and methods
Twenty-seven (24 paired and 3 unpaired) cadaveric arms were dissected to identify the coracobrachialis possible variants with emphasis on the musculocutaneous nerve course and coexisted neural variants.

Results
Four morphological types of the coracobrachialis were identified: a two-headed muscle in 62.96% (17/27 arms), a three-headed in 22.2% (6/27), a one-headed in 11.1% (3/27), and a four-headed in 3.7% (1 arm). A coracobrachialis variant morphology was identified in 37.04% (10/27). A three-headed biceps brachii muscle coexisted in 23.53% (4/17). Two different courses of the musculocutaneous nerve were recorded: 1. a course between coracobrachialis superficial and deep heads (in cases of two or more heads) (100%, 24/24), and 2. a medial course in case of one-headed coracobrachialis (100%, 3/3). Three neural interconnections were found: 1. the lateral cord of the brachial plexus with the medial root of the median nerve in 18.52%, 2. the musculocutaneous with the median nerve in 7.41% and 3. the radial with the ulnar nerve in 3.71%. Duplication of the lateral root of the median nerve was identified in 11.1%.

Conclusions
The knowledge of the morphology of the muscles of the anterior arm compartment, especially the coracobrachialis variant morphology and the related musculocutaneous nerve variable course, is of paramount importance for surgeons. Careful dissection and knowledge of relatively common variants play a significant role in reducing iatrogenic injury.
Comparison of contemporary transcatheter heart valve prostheses: data from the German Aortic Valve Registry (GARY)
Authors: Rudolph Tanja K. , Herrmann Eva , Bon Dimitria , Walther Thomas , Bauer Timm , Ensminger Stephan , Frerker Christian , Beckmann Andreas , Möllmann Helge , Bekeredjian Raffi , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Hamm Christian , Baldus Stephan , Böning Andreas , Gummert Jan , Rudolph Volker , Bleiziffer Sabine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Various second-generation transcatheter heart valve (THV) prostheses with high clinical efficacy and safety are available, but there is limited large-scale data available comparing their hemodynamic performance and clinical implications.

Objective
To compare the hemodynamic performance and short-term clinical outcome of four second-generation THV prostheses.

Methods
24,124 patients out of the German Aortic Valve Registry who underwent transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) (Evolut™ R n = 7028, Acurate neo™ n = 2922, Portico n = 878 and Sapien 3 n = 13,296) were included in this analysis. Propensity-score weighted analysis was performed to control for differences in age, left ventricular function, STS score and sex. Primary endpoint was survival at one-year, secondary endpoints were 30 days survival, pre-discharge transvalvular gradients, paravalvular leakage and peri-procedural complications.

Results
Thirty-day and one-year survival were not significantly different between the four patient groups. Transvalvular gradients in Evolut™ R and Acurate neo™ were significantly lower as compared to Portico and Sapien 3 at hospital discharge. This difference exists across all annulus sizes. Paravalvular leakage ≥ II occurred significantly less often in the Sapien 3 group (1.2%, p < 0.0001). Rate of severe procedural complications was low and comparable in all groups. Permanent pacemaker implantation rate at one year was lowest in the ACUARATE neo group (13.0%) and highest in the Evolut™ R group (21.9%).

Conclusion
Albeit comparable short-term clinical outcomes there are certain differences regarding hemodynamic performance and permanent pacemaker implantation rate between currently available THV prostheses which should be considered for individual prosthesis selection.

Graphical Abstract
The geography of environmental innovation: a critical review and agenda for future research
Authors: Losacker Sebastian , Hansmeier Hendrik , Horbach Jens , Liefner Ingo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article provides a critical literature review on the regional determinants of environmental innovation. The analysis of the relevant literature on supply-side factors, demand-side factors, and institutional factors reveals the importance of regional determinants in green technology development. Specifically, regional R&D collaborations, university-industry collaborations, and technological relatedness have positive effects on innovation activities in green domains. On the demand side, regional environmental awareness and demonstration effects play a pivotal role in the emergence and diffusion of environmental innovations. Environmental regulations also induce environmental innovation, however, there is only limited evidence at the regional level. Our literature review has informed the development of an agenda for future research, which suggests three avenues for further investigation. Firstly, we recommend abandoning the simple green vs. non-green dichotomy and conducting more technology-sensitive studies on the determinants of environmental innovation. Secondly, we call for a more sophisticated and critical engagement with regional institutions, with a focus on both formal and informal institutions. Lastly, we propose a demand-side turn in research on the regional determinants of environmental innovation in order to better understand their diffusion across space. Overall, our findings suggest that policymakers need to adopt a more nuanced and comprehensive approach to eco-innovation policy, one that considers the spatial and multi-level governance challenges and promotes inclusive regional development.
The synzootic potential of common epidemics in chamois populations
Authors: Garrido-Amaro Cristina , Jolles Anna , Velarde Roser , López-Olvera Jorge Ramón , Serrano Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) is a medium-sized and gregarious mountain ungulate with populations affected by periodic outbreaks of border disease virus (BD), infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC), and sarcoptic mange (SM). Even though the impact of each disease on chamois populations has been described in detail, there is a lack of information about the potential impact of concomitant epidemics and the synzootic potential (co-occurring enzootic or epizootic processes producing worse health outcomes in wildlife) on chamois populations. Furthermore, whether a specific order of apparition of epidemics is more or less harmful for the host population is practically unknown not only for chamois but also for most mammal populations. Using a population viability analysis (PVA), we studied the consequences of multiple disease outbreaks with synzootic potential on growth rates and probabilities of extinction of virtual populations exposed to hard winters, density dependence, and co-occurring BD, IKC, and SM outbreaks. Such infections are not under cross-immunity nor density-dependent processes and thus are supposed to affect population demography independently. Heavy snowfalls are also likely to occur in our simulated populations. Our simulations showed that a second outbreak, even caused by a low virulent pathogen, causes an increase in the probability of extinction of the host population with regard to the first outbreak. IKC-BD- and SM-BD-affected populations had a higher risk of becoming extinct in 50 years confirming the extra risk of multiple outbreaks on the viability of the affected populations.
Machine learning and the quest for objectivity in climate model parameterization
Authors: Jebeile Julie , Lam Vincent , Majszak Mason , Räz Tim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParameterization and parameter tuning are central aspects of climate modeling, and there is widespread consensus that these procedures involve certain subjective elements. Even if the use of these subjective elements is not necessarily epistemically problematic, there is an intuitive appeal for replacing them with more objective (automated) methods, such as machine learning. Relying on several case studies, we argue that, while machine learning techniques may help to improve climate model parameterization in several ways, they still require expert judgment that involves subjective elements not so different from the ones arising in standard parameterization and tuning. The use of machine learning in parameterizations is an art as well as a science and requires careful supervision.
Volatile-Mediated Signalling Between Potato Plants in Response to Insect Herbivory is not Contingent on Soil Nutrients
Authors: Martín-Cacheda Lucía , Vázquez-González Carla , Rasmann Sergio , Röder Gregory , Abdala-Roberts Luis , Moreira Xoaquín 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlant-plant signalling via volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been studied intensively, but its contingency on abiotic conditions (e.g., soil nutrients, drought, warming) is poorly understood. To address this gap, we carried out a greenhouse experiment testing whether soil nutrients influenced signalling between potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants in response to insect leaf herbivory by the generalist caterpillarSpodoptera exigua. We placed pairs of plants in plastic cages, where one plant acted as a VOC emitter and the other as a receiver. We factorially manipulated soil nutrients for both emitter and receiver plants, namely: unfertilized (baseline soil nutrients) vs. fertilized (augmented nutrients). Then, to test for signalling effects, half of the emitters within each fertilization level were damaged byS. exigualarvae and the other half remained undamaged. Three days after placing larvae, we collected VOCs from emitter plants to test for herbivory and fertilization effects on VOC emissions and placedS. exigualarvae on receivers to test for signalling effects on leaf consumption and larval mass gain as proxies of induced resistance. We found that herbivory increased total VOC emissions and altered VOC composition by emitter plants, but these effects were not contingent on fertilization. In addition, bioassay results showed that receivers exposed to VOCs from herbivore-damaged emitters had lower levels of herbivory compared to receivers exposed to undamaged emitters. However, and consistent with VOC results, fertilization did not influence herbivore-induced signalling effects on receiver resistance to herbivory. In sum, we found evidence ofS. exigua-induced signalling effects on resistance to herbivory in potato plants but such effects were not affected by increased soil nutrients. These results call for further work testing signalling effects under broader range of nutrient concentration levels (including nutrient limitation), teasing apart the effects of specific nutrients, and incorporating other abiotic factors likely to interact or covary with soil nutrients.
Fair crack of the whip? The distribution of augmented wealth in Australia from 2002 to 2018
Authors: Longmuir Maximilian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe omission of pension wealth potentially distorts the international comparison of wealth distributions. Private pension wealth is often included in households’ wealth portfolios, while public pension claims are not. Augmented wealth, the sum of net worth and pension wealth, resolves this limitation by including the present value of social security pension wealth. This article provides a detailed analysis of augmented wealth in Australia between 2002 and 2018, capturing the establishment of the compulsory private pension scheme, Superannuation, which was introduced in 1992. Augmented wealth is slightly less equally distributed in Australia than in Germany or Switzerland but more equal than in the United States. The article also explores the relationship between Superannuation dissaving rates and the means-tested public pension scheme, Age Pension, and its distributional implications.
The Role of a Loop in the Non-catalytic Domain B on the Hydrolysis/Transglycosylation Specificity of the 4-α-Glucanotransferase from Thermotoga maritima
Authors: Llopiz Alexey , Ramírez-Martínez Marco A. , Olvera Leticia , Xolalpa-Villanueva Wendy , Pastor Nina , Saab-Rincon Gloria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe mechanism by which glycoside hydrolases control the reaction specificity through hydrolysis or transglycosylation is a key element embedded in their chemical structures. The determinants of reaction specificity seem to be complex. We looked for structural differences in domain B between the 4-α-glucanotransferase fromThermotoga maritima(TmGTase) and the α-amylase fromThermotoga petrophila (TpAmylase)and found a longer loop in the former that extends towards the active site carrying a W residue at its tip. Based on these differences we constructed the variants W131G and the partial deletion of the loop at residues 120-124/128-131, which showed a 11.6 and 11.4-fold increased hydrolysis/transglycosylation (H/T) ratio relative to WT protein, respectively. These variants had a reduction in the maximum velocity of the transglycosylation reaction, while their affinity for maltose as the acceptor was not substantially affected. Molecular dynamics simulations allow us to rationalize the increase in H/T ratio in terms of the flexibility near the active site and the conformations of the catalytic acid residues and their associated pKas.