bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An approximate Bayesian approach for estimation of the instantaneous reproduction number under misreported epidemic data
Authors: Gressani Oswaldo , Faes Christel , Hens Niel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn epidemic models, the effective reproduction number is of central importance to assess the transmission dynamics of an infectious disease and to orient health intervention strategies. Publicly shared data during an outbreak often suffers from two sources of misreporting (underreporting and delay in reporting) that should not be overlooked when estimating epidemiological parameters. The main statistical challenge in models that intrinsically account for a misreporting process lies in the joint estimation of the time‐varying reproduction number and the delay/underreporting parameters. Existing Bayesian approaches typically rely on Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms that are extremely costly from a computational perspective. We propose a much faster alternative based on Laplacian‐P‐splines (LPS) that combines Bayesian penalized B‐splines for flexible and smooth estimation of the instantaneous reproduction number and Laplace approximations to selected posterior distributions for fast computation. Assuming a known generation interval distribution, the incidence at a given calendar time is governed by the epidemic renewal equation and the delay structure is specified through a composite link framework. Laplace approximations to the conditional posterior of the spline vector are obtained from analytical versions of the gradient and Hessian of the log‐likelihood, implying a drastic speed‐up in the computation of posterior estimates. Furthermore, the proposed LPS approach can be used to obtain point estimates and approximate credible intervals for the delay and reporting probabilities. Simulation of epidemics with different combinations for the underreporting rate and delay structure (one‐day, two‐day, and weekend delays) show that the proposed LPS methodology delivers fast and accurate estimates outperforming existing methods that do not take into account underreporting and delay patterns. Finally, LPS is illustrated in two real case studies of epidemic outbreaks.
Effect of (Ce, Dy) co‐doping on the microstructural, optical, and photoluminescence characteristics of solution combustion synthesized ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Sharma Nikita , Sahay Pradosh Prakash 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSolution combustion synthesized ZnO nanoparticles that were Ce doped, Dy doped or co‐doped at varying dopant concentrations were characterized for their microstructural, optical, and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics. The synthesized nanoparticles matched the standard hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. The lattice fringes in the high‐resolution transmission electron micrographs and the bright spotty rings in the selected area electron diffraction patterns authenticated the high crystallinity of the nanoparticles. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy resolved the energy bandgap for the undoped ZnO as 3.18 eV, which decreased upon doping and co‐doping. A sharp narrow ultraviolet emission peak at ~398 nm that originated from excitonic recombination was found in the PL spectra of the nanoparticles. The visible emission peaks in the PL spectra were assigned to the f–d and f–f electron transitions of Ce3+ and Dy3+ ions, respectively, in addition to different native defects in ZnO. The visible emissions (blue, yellow, and red) improved upon (Ce, Dy) co‐doping, therefore (Ce, Dy) co‐doped ZnO nanoparticles can be considered a promising luminescent material for the development of energy‐saving light sources.
Toward inclusive green growth for sustainable development: A new perspective of labor market distortion
Authors: Li Yutao , Zhang Jinning , Lyu Yanwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLabor market distortion is ceaselessly endangering the balance among economic efficiency, social equity, and environmental quality sought by inclusive green growth and sustainable development. This study develops an innovative evaluation system to measure China's inclusive green growth by using provincial panel data from 2004 to 2020. Three dimensions are covered, including economic development, social equity and welfare, and green sustainability. Static and dynamic panel econometric models are employed to investigate the effect of labor market distortion on inclusive green growth and the potential transmission channels. The spatial econometric model is further applied to study the spatial spillover effect of labor market distortion on inclusive green growth. The results indicate that labor market distortion negatively affects inclusive green growth. Technological innovation, industrial structure optimization, and export trade upgrading are transmission channels of the impact of labor market distortion on inclusive green growth. In addition to hindering local inclusive green growth, labor market distortion also decreases neighboring inclusive green growth through the spatial spillover effect. These conclusions suggest that removing distortion in the labor market and emphasizing the role of market mechanisms in labor allocation may provide a new perspective to help move toward inclusive green growth for sustainable development.
Subsequent child protection contact for a cohort of children reported to child protection prenatally in one Australian jurisdiction
Authors: Octoman Olivia , Arney Fiona , Meiksans Jenna , Flaherty Rosemaria , Chong Alwin , Ward Fiona , Taylor Cathy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRepeated reporting to child protection is common. One approach to early intervention is for jurisdictions to receive and respond to child protection concerns raised before children are born. Despite this, little research has comprehensively examined subsequent child protection contact for those first reported prenatally. This study aimed to examine the subsequent child protection contact for up to a two‐year period for a cohort of children who were reported about prebirth. Child protection administrative data were extracted for 640 children reported for a concern about an unborn child in a single jurisdiction during 2014. Data about child protection contacts included reports, investigations, substantiations and out‐of‐home placements for children reported prenatally. Of the 640 children, 79% reported about prenatally also had contact with child protection between birth and age two. From birth and up to age two, children reported prenatally had between zero and 21 reports. Twenty‐two per cent of the children reported prenatally were removed from their birth parents and placed in out‐of‐home care prior to age two. These findings highlight the importance of intervening and supporting families prior to and during pregnancy to reduce harm to children and reduce the need for contact with child protection.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Protects against Cardiac Remodeling in Heart Failure via SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin‐Mediated Mitophagy
Authors: Guan Sibin , Xin Yuanfeng , Ding Yagang , Zhang Qingliu , Han Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdverse cardiac remodeling may lead to the development and progression of heart failure, which is lack of effective clinical treatment. Ginsenoside Rg1 (GRg1), a primary ingredient of Panax ginseng, protects against diverse cardiovascular disease, but its effects on cardiac remodeling remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the protective effect and mechanism of GRg1 on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. GRg1 significantly ameliorated cardiac remodeling in mice with left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, reflected by reduced left ventricular dilation and decreased cardiac fibrosis, accompanied by improved cardiac function. Mechanistically, GRg1 considerably increased mitophagosomes formation, ameliorated cardiac mitochondria damage, and enhanced SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin‐mediated mitophagy during cardiac remodeling. Consistently, GRg1 increased cell viability and attenuated apoptosis and fibrotic responses in H2O2‐treated H9c2 cells by promoting the SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin axis. Furthermore, SIRT1‐specific inhibitor (EX527) or the use of small interfering RNA against Parkin abolished the protective effect of GRg1 in vitro. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of GRg1 alleviating cardiac remodeling via enhancing SIRT1/PINK1/Parkin‐mediated mitophagy.
Self‐Assembled DNA Nanocages Promote Cell Migration and Differentiation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells**
Authors: Gada Anjali Rajwar , Vaswani Payal , Singh Ramesh , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDNA nanocages have been explored for abilities to influence cellular behavior and functions. Recent times have seen the development of new emergent functionalities of DNA nanodevices as a class of biomaterials with an immense capacity to interface with biological systems and with vast potential in disease diagnosis and therapeutics. Being chemically robust and biocompatible in nature, DNA nanocages have been surface modified and structurally fine‐tuned to find emerging applications in the field of stem‐cell therapy and tissue regeneration. DNA nanocages can be used for therapeutic angiogenesis that involves the induction of blood vessel formation and can be used to treat ischemic diseases like stroke or heart failure. This work addresses the effect of DNA nanocages’ structural topology on their capacity to stimulate endothelial cell angiogenesis. We tested a panel of four DNA nanocage geometries and checked their potential on the differentiation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). While different DNA nanocage geometries showed successful induction of angiogenesis and cell migration in HUVECs, tetrahedral DNA cages showed the maximum uptake and angiogenesis potential, thus indicating that not only the composition of materials, but also the 3D arrangement of ligands might play role in stimulating angiogenesis.
Live‐Cell Glycocalyx Engineering
Authors: Li Yuxin , Wang Mingzhen , Hong Senlian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA heavy layer of glycans forms a brush matrix bound to the outside of all the cells in our bodies; it is referred to as the “sugar forest” or glycocalyx. Beyond the increased appreciation of the glycocalyx over the past two decades, recent advances in engineering the glycocalyx on live cells have spurred the creation of cellular drugs and novel medical treatments. The development of new tools and techniques has empowered scientists to manipulate the structures and functions of cell‐surface glycans on target cells and endow target cells with desired properties. Herein, we provide an overview of live‐cell glycocalyx engineering strategies for controlling the cell‐surface molecular repertory to suit therapeutic applications, even though the realm of this field remains young and largely unexplored.
Genetic Encoding of a Photocaged Histidine for Light‐Control of Protein Activity
Authors: Cheung Jenny W. , Kinney William D. , Wesalo Joshua S. , Reed Megan , Nicholson Eve M. , Deiters Alexander , Cropp T. Ashton 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe use of light to control protein function is a critical tool in chemical biology. Here we describe the addition of a photocaged histidine to the genetic code. This unnatural amino acid becomes histidine upon exposure to light and allows for the optical control of enzymes that utilize active‐site histidine residues. We demonstrate light‐induced activation of a blue fluorescent protein and a chloramphenicol transferase. Further, we genetically encoded photocaged histidine in mammalian cells. We then used this approach in live cells for optical control of firefly luciferase and, Renilla luciferase. This tool should have utility in manipulating and controlling a wide range of biological processes.
Gas Introduction by Permeation into Long Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene Capillaries with Slug Flow
Authors: von Vietinghoff Niclas , Immken Anne , Seidensticker Thomas , de Caro Pascale , Thiebaud-Roux Sophie , Agar David W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the density differences between gases and liquids, the gas supply often limits the conversion of gas‐liquid reactions in slug flows. This paper investigates the permeation of reacting gas into an existing gas‐liquid slug flow in fluorinated ethylene propylene capillaries of up to 40 m in length, representing a significant sizing‐up of tube‐in‐tube reactors (maximum 4 m). The amount of gas introduced can be estimated with permeation coefficients given in the literature. Moreover, existing gas bubbles serve as reservoirs for the permeating gas, maintaining the advantageous slug flow pattern.
Ligand Modulation of the Structures and Magnetic Relaxation in Triangular Dy3 Complexes Based on a Tricompartmental Scaffold
Authors: Wu Jianfeng , Zhang Fan , Wang Guo‐Lu , Demeshko Serhiy , Dechert Sebastian , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Meyer Franc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing a novel tricompartmental hydrazone ligand, a set of trinuclear Dy3 complexes has been isolated and structurally characterized. Complexes Dy3 ⋅ Cl, Dy3 ⋅ Br, and Dy3 ⋅ ClO4 feature a similar overall topology but different anions (Cl−, Br−, or ClO4−) in combination with exogenous OH− and solvent co‐ligands, which is found to translate into very different magnetic properties. Complex Dy3 ⋅ Cl shows a double relaxation process with fast quantum tunneling of the magnetization, probably related to the structural disorder of μ2‐OH− and μ2‐Cl− co‐ligands. Relaxation of the magnetization is slowed down for Dy3 ⋅ Br and Dy3 ⋅ ClO4, which do not show any structural disorder. In particular, fast quantum tunneling is suppressed in case of Dy3 ⋅ ClO4, resulting in an energy barrier of 341 K and magnetic hysteresis up to 3.5 K; this makes Dy3 ⋅ ClO4 one of the most robust air‐stable trinuclear SMMs. Magneto‐structural relationships of the three complexes are analyzed and rationalized with the help of CASSCF/RASSI‐SO calculations.
Thiophene‐Based Ligands for Histological Multiplex Spectral Detection of Distinct Protein Aggregates in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Lantz Linda , Shirani Hamid , Ghetti Bernardino , Vidal Ruben , Klingstedt Therése , Nilsson K. Peter R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aggregation and accumulation of proteins in the brain is the defining feature of many devastating neurodegenerative diseases. The development of fluorescent ligands that bind to these accumulations, or deposits, is essential for the characterization of these neuropathological lesions. We report the synthesis of donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) thiophene‐based ligands with different emission properties. The D‐A‐D ligands displayed selectivity towards distinct disease‐associated protein deposits in histological sections from postmortem brain tissue of individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ability of the ligands to selectively identify AD‐associated pathological alterations, such as deposits composed of aggregates of the amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptide or tau, was reduced when the chemical composition of the ligands was altered. When combining the D‐A‐D ligands with conventional thiophene‐based ligands, superior spectral separation of distinct protein aggregates in AD tissue sections was obtained. Our findings provide the structural and functional basis for the development of new fluorescent ligands that can distinguish between aggregated proteinaceous species, as well as offer novel strategies for developing multiplex fluorescence detection of protein aggregates in tissue sections.
Integrating mechanical mixing, headspace, and rheology in a computational model for a fermentation process
Authors: Sadino‐Riquelme M. Constanza , Rivas José , Jeison David , Donoso‐Bravo Andrés , Hayes Robert E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling has been applied to study bioprocesses where mechanical mixing and aerations are key, the effect of having a free surface has usually been ignored. This work studies a mixing tank for bioprocess applications to analyze the impact that the assumption of a flat liquid level has upon the modelling results, with and without aeration. The methodology takes an experimental and modelling approach. A dual impeller mixer with a speed of 400 rpm is used for batch systems with both non‐Newtonian and Newtonian fluids to characterize the axis torque and surface vortex formation. Several multi‐phase CFD models are applied to study the modelling and numerical effects of the headspace on the results. Regarding modelling accuracy, the CFD models are shown to be able to capture the effect of the free surface on the fluid dynamics of the stirred tank for different fluid rheologies. Therefore, the simplification of the liquid level as a flat and fixed surface should not be applied, especially for a process with aeration or when unaerated conditions can lead to a surface vortex. Regarding the numerical accuracy, it is concluded that the mixture model does not predict the interface shape as well as the Eulerian model. However, only the mixture model shows to be numerically stable. Overall, this work provides validated CFD configurations able to predict the effect of a free surface on the mixing mechanisms in stirred reactors.
Childhood emotional maltreatment, maladaptive coping and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Kadivari Faranak , Najafi Mahmoud , Khosravani Vahid 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have reported childhood emotional maltreatment (CEM) to be associated with specific obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptoms, but maladaptive coping, which may be the underlying mechanism in this relationship, has not been evaluated yet. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the effects of CEM on the OC symptoms of responsibility for harm and unacceptable thoughts, as well as obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) severity, through maladaptive coping, including cognitive avoidance, experiential avoidance and emotional suppression in OCD patients (n = 360). The results showed that CEM had direct effects, as well as indirect effects via cognitive and experiential avoidance and emotional suppression, on responsibility for harm and unacceptable thoughts. In addition, the indirect effect of CEM on OCD severity was significantly mediated by the roles of cognitive avoidance and experiential avoidance. The present study adds new literature to evidence indicating the role of early childhood events in developing and maintaining OCD in which adverse maladaptive coping related to unpleasant childhood abuse plays an important role in OCD. More precisely, OCD patients who experience a history of CEM may further use maladaptive coping to cope with their distress and subsequently experience responsibility for harm, unacceptable thoughts and severe OCD.
Territory and population attributes affect Florida scrub‐jay fecundity in fire‐adapted ecosystems
Authors: Breininger David R. , Stolen Eric D. , Carter Geoffrey M. , Legare Stephanie A. , Payne William V. , Breininger Daniel J. , Lyon James E. , Schumann Chris D. , Hunt Danny K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFecundity, the number of young produced by a breeding pair during a breeding season, is a primary component in evolutionary and ecological theory and applications. Fecundity can be influenced by many environmental factors and requires long‐term study due to the range of variation in ecosystem dynamics. Fecundity data often include a large proportion of zeros when many pairs fail to produce any young during a breeding season due to nest failure or when all young die independently after fledging. We conducted color banding and monthly censuses of Florida scrub‐jays (Aphelocoma coerulescens) across 31 years, 15 populations, and 761 territories along central Florida's Atlantic coast. We quantified how fecundity (juveniles/pair‐year) was influenced by habitat quality, presence/absence of nonbreeders, population density, breeder experience, and rainfall, with a zero‐inflated Bayesian hierarchical model including both a Bernoulli (e.g., brood success) and a Poisson (counts of young) submodel, and random effects for year, population, and territory. The results identified the importance of increasing “strong” quality habitat, which was a mid‐successional state related to fire frequency and extent, because strong territories, and the proportion of strong territories in the overall population, influenced fecundity of breeding pairs. Populations subject to supplementary feeding also had greater fecundity. Territory size, population density, breeder experience, and rainfall surprisingly had no or small effects. Different mechanisms appeared to cause annual variation in fecundity, as estimates of random effects were not correlated between the success and count submodels. The increased fecundity for pairs with nonbreeders, compared to pairs without, identified empirical research needed to understand how the proportion of low‐quality habitats influences population recovery and sustainability, because dispersal into low‐quality habitats can drain nonbreeders from strong territories and decrease overall fecundity. We also describe how long‐term study resulted in reversals in our understanding because of complications involving habitat quality, sociobiology, and population density.
A hydrodynamic injection approach for capillary electrophoresis using rotor–stator valves
Authors: Ferreira Santos Mauro S. , Zamuruyev Konstantin , Mora Maria F. , Noell Aaron C. , Willis Peter A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSample injection is a critical step in a capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis. Electrokinetic injection is the simplest approach and is often selected for implementation in portable CE instruments. However, in order to minimize the effect of sample matrix upon the results of a CE analysis, hydrodynamic injection is preferred. Although portable CE instruments with hydrodynamic injection have been reported, injection has always been performed at the grounded end of the capillary. This simplifies fluidic handling but limits coupling with electrochemical detectors and electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). We demonstrated previously that injection at the high‐voltage (HV) end of the capillary could be performed using an HV‐compatible rotary injection valve (fixed‐volume injection). However, the mismatch between the bore sizes of the channels on the rotor–stator valve and the separation capillary caused peak tailing and undesired mixing, impairing analytical performance. In this work, we present an HV‐compatible hydrodynamic injection approach that overcomes the issues associated with the fixed‐volume injection approach reported previously. The performance of the CE instrument was demonstrated by analyzing a mixture of 13 amino acids by CE coupled to laser‐induced fluorescence, which showed relative standard deviations for peak area and migration time below 5% and 1%, respectively, for triplicate analysis. Additionally, replicate measurements of a mixture of amino acids, peptides, nucleobases, and nucleosides by CE coupled to electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (CE–ESI–MS) were performed to evaluate peak tailing, and results were similar to those obtained with a commercial CE–ESI–MS setup.