bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-Objective Optimal Design of a Cable-Driven Parallel Robot Based on an Adaptive Adjustment Inertia Weight Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Bin , Li Sipan , Zi Bin , Chen Bing , Zhu Weidong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) have been widely used in engineering fields because of their significant advantages including high load-bearing capacity, large workspace, and low inertia. However, the impact of convergence speed and solution accuracy of optimization approaches on optimal performances can become a key issue when it comes to the optimal design of CDPR applied to large storage space. An adaptive adjustment inertia weight particle swarm optimization (AAIWPSO) algorithm is proposed for the multi-objective optimal design of CDPR. The kinematic and static models of CDPR are established based on the principle of virtual work. Subsequently, two performance indices including workspace and dexterity are derived. A multi-objective optimization model is established based on performance indices. The AAIWPSO algorithm introduces an adaptive adjustment inertia weight to improve the convergence efficiency and accuracy of traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Numerical examples demonstrate that final convergence values of the objective function by the AAIWPSO algorithm can almost be 14∼20% and 19∼40% higher than those by the PSO algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA) for the optimal design of CDPR with different configurations and masses of end-effectors, respectively.
Study on Numerical Simulation Method of Fracture Behavior of Pipeline Girth Weld
Authors: Qingshan Feng , Qun Chang , Haidong Jia , Yi Wu , Lianshuang Dai , Yuguang Cao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The failure accidents in girth weld of pipelines occur frequently due to the combination of internal defects and external loads. However, the research on the fracture behavior of girth weld defects is relatively poor at present. To solve this problem, the cracking behavior and strain evolution law of the inner wall defects of the pipe girth weld are studied in combination with full-scale tests (FST). The constitutive and Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman damage parameters of the pipe base metal zone, weld zone and heat-affected zone (HAZ) are calibrated through the small punch test (SPT) and single edge notch bending (SENB) test. On this basis, the welded pipe model with inner wall defects is established, and a numerical simulation method for dynamic fracture behavior based on damage mechanics is formed. The numerical simulation method is verified by FST data and theoretical calculation. The results show that the numerical results are consistent with the FST and theoretical calculation in the elastic stage, plastic stage, and fracture stage, and the error is within 10%. The novel numerical simulation method is provided as a means for the fracture behavior research of pipeline girth weld.
Therapeutic blocking of VEGF binding to neuropilin-2 diminishes PD-L1 expression to activate antitumor immunity in prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Mengdie , Wisniewski Christi A. , Xiong Choua , Chhoy Peter , Goel Hira Lal , Kumar Ayush , Zhu Lihua Julie , Li Rui , St. Louis Pamela A. , Ferreira Lindsay M. , Pakula Hubert , Xu Zhiwen , Loda Massimo , Jiang Zhong , Brehm Michael A. , Mercurio Arthur M. 
Published: May 2023

Prostate cancers are largely unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and there is strong evidence that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression itself must be inhibited to activate antitumor immunity. Here, we report that neuropilin-2 (NRP2), which functions as a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor on tumor cells, is an attractive target to activate antitumor immunity in prostate cancer because VEGF-NRP2 signaling sustains PD-L1 expression.
NRP2
depletion increased T cell activation in vitro. In a syngeneic model of prostate cancer that is resistant to ICI, inhibition of the binding of VEGF to NRP2 using a mouse-specific anti-NRP2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) resulted in necrosis and tumor regression compared with both an anti–PD-L1 mAb and control immunoglobulin G. This therapy also decreased tumor PD-L1 expression and increased immune cell infiltration. We observed that the
NRP2
,
VEGFA
, and
VEGFC
genes are amplified in metastatic castration-resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancer. We also found that individuals with NRP2
High
PD-L1
High
metastatic tumors had lower androgen receptor expression and higher neuroendocrine prostate cancer scores than other individuals with prostate cancer. In organoids derived from patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer, therapeutic inhibition of VEGF binding to NRP2 using a high-affinity humanized mAb suitable for clinical use also diminished PD-L1 expression and caused a substantial increase in immune-mediated tumor cell killing, consistent with the animal studies. These findings provide justification for the initiation of clinical trials using this function-blocking NRP2 mAb in prostate cancer, especially for patients with aggressive disease.
Mass wasting records the first stages of the Messinian Salinity Crisis in the eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Oppo Davide , Jackson Christopher A.-L. , Gorini Christian , Iacopini David , Evans Sian , Maselli Vittorio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The geological processes that occurred during the deposition of the Mediterranean salt giant are poorly constrained, limiting our understanding of the earliest phase of the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). Using three-dimensional seismic reflection data from the northern Levant Basin in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, we investigated a previously unrecognized deposit at the base of the Messinian halite that we interpret as an extensive mass-transport complex (MTC). While MTCs have been described within stratigraphically equivalent deposits in the western Mediterranean Sea, this is the first such MTC documented at the base of the halite in the eastern Mediterranean. The spatial distribution and seismic facies of the MTC suggest a slope failure origin, likely in response to multiple processes including tectonic activity and sea-level fall. Our study indicates that margin instability was diffuse across the entire Mediterranean during the early stages of Messinian halite deposition, with implications for the chronology of erosional events and sediment transport to the deep basin.
Anti-Yo paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration in a patient with stage IV ovarian adenocarcinoma during bevacizumab maintenance therapy
Authors: Giucca Alice , Morrison Hamish , Wilson Thomas , Cossburn Mark 
Published: May 2023

Anti-Yo paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a rare autoimmune neurological syndrome characterised by cerebellar symptoms and frequently associated with gynaecological malignancies. While typically preceding the diagnosis of the malignancy, rarely it may present later in the disease course, heralding a recurrence prior to biochemical or radiological confirmation. Disease management is challenging and prognosis remains poor.We present the case of a woman with stage IV ovarian adenocarcinoma who developed anti-Yo PCD 16 months post malignancy diagnosis while receiving bevacizumab maintenance therapy. We review the literature and outline the difficulties in diagnosis and the frequently refractory nature of PCD to available treatments.
Factors that influence the uptake of postnatal care among adolescent girls: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Javadi Dena , Sacks Emma , Brizuela Vanessa , Finlayson Kenneth , Crossland Nicola , Langlois Etienne V , Ziegler Daniela , Chandra-Mouli Venkatraman , Bonet Mercedes 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAdolescent pregnancy is associated with increased risk of maternal and child morbidity and mortality globally. Access to safe, appropriate and affordable antenatal, childbirth and postnatal care (PNC) is essential in mitigating this risk. PNC is an often undervalued, underused, and understudied component of the continuum of maternal health services; however, it provides an important opportunity for adolescent girls to have access to health information and resources as they navigate the transition to motherhood and/or recovery from childbirth. This qualitative evidence synthesis seeks to highlight the experiences and perspectives of adolescent girls and their partners in accessing and using routine PNC.MethodsPapers were selected from a primary review on PNC where a global search of databases was conducted to identify studies with qualitative data focused on PNC utilisation. Within this primary review, a subset of studies focused on adolescents was tagged for subanalysis. A data extraction form drawing on an a priori framework was used to extract data from each study. Review findings were grouped across studies and mapped onto relevant themes, which were then adapted, as appropriate, to best reflect emergent themes from included studies.ResultsOf 662 papers identified for full text review, 15 were included in this review on adolescents’ experiences. Fourteen review findings were mapped onto four themes including: resources and access, social norms, experiences of care, and tailored support needs.ConclusionImproving uptake of PNC by adolescent girls requires multipronged approaches in improving availability of and access to adolescent-sensitive maternal health services and reducing feelings of shame and stigma in the postpartum period. Much should be done to address structural barriers to access, but tangible steps to improving the quality and responsiveness of available services can be taken immediately.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019139183.
Implementation fidelity of the ‘Stay One Step Ahead’ home safety intervention: a mixed-methods analysis
Authors: Stewart Sabrina , Kendrick Denise , Watson Michael Craig , Hayes Mike , Orton Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo assess implementation fidelity of the Stay One Step Ahead (SOSA), a complex intervention which was delivered by health visiting teams, children’s centres, and family mentors and was aimed at preventing unintentional home injuries in children under 5 in disadvantaged communities.Study designA mixed-methods evaluation of the implementation fidelity of the SOSA intervention.MethodsA conceptual framework for implementation fidelity was used to triangulate data from questionnaires and semistructured interviews with parents and practitioners, observations of parent and practitioner contacts, and meeting documents. Quantitative data were analysed using logistic regression and descriptive statistics. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data.ResultsParents in intervention wards were more likely to receive home safety advice from a practitioner than those living in matched control wards. Monthly safety messages and family mentor home safety activities were delivered with greater fidelity than other intervention components. Content most frequently adapted included the home safety checklist used by health visiting teams, and safety weeks delivered at children’s centres.ConclusionConsistent with similarly complex interventions, SOSA was delivered with variable fidelity in a challenging environment. The findings add to the body of evidence on implementation fidelity of home injury prevention programmes, providing important information for future intervention development and delivery.
BCMA CAR-T induces complete and durable remission in refractory plasmablastic lymphoma
Authors: Raghunandan Sharmila , Pauly Melinda , Blum William G , Qayed Muna , Dhodapkar Madhav V , Elkhalifa Mohamed , Watkins Benjamin , Schoettler Michelle , Horwitz Edwin , Parikh Suhag , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Leung Kathryn , Bryson Elyse , Deeb Laura , Kaufman Jonathan L , Worthington-White Diana , Alazraki Adina , Schecter Jordan M , Madduri Deepu , Jackson Carolyn C , Zudaire Enrique , Taraseviciute-Morris Agne , Babich Alexander , Nesheiwat Tonia , Vogel Martin , Lendvai Nikoletta , Pacaud Lida , Williams Kirsten M 
Published: May 2023

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of aggressive large B-cell lymphoma, with a dismal prognosis despite aggressive therapies. New approaches are needed for those with refractory disease. PBL expresses antigens similar to multiple myeloma (MM), including B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy directed against BCMA has shown efficacy for the treatment of heavily pretreated MM with low rates of grades 3 and 4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) in a phase Ib/II trial (A Study of JNJ-68284528, a CAR-T Directed Against BCMA in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (CARTITUDE-1),NCT03548207). However, data for the use of BCMA CAR-T for treating PBL are lacking.We report a challenging case of multiple refractory PBL that emerged from B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an adolescent who failed to respond to an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. The patient developed rapidly advancing disease despite withdrawal of immunosuppression, treatment with etoposide, ibrutinib, and daratumumab, prompting consideration of BCMA CAR-T (under emergency investigational new drug (eIND)). The patient achieved a complete remission (CR), without recurrent acute graft versus host disease (GVHD), CRS or ICANS after BCMA CAR-T therapy. BCMA CAR-T expansion was detected in vivo, peaking on day 15. The patient remains in CR for more than a year post CAR-T therapy, supporting consideration of immunotherapy for future patients with refractory PBL, a disease with few treatment options.
Identification of an increased lifetime risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in UK Biobank participants with scoliosis
Authors: Quintero Santofimio Valentina , Clement Adam , O’Regan Declan P , Ware James S , McGurk Kathryn A 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundStructural changes caused by spinal curvature may impact the organs within the thoracic cage, including the heart. Cardiac abnormalities in patients with idiopathic scoliosis are often studied post-corrective surgery or secondary to diseases. To investigate cardiac structure, function and outcomes in participants with scoliosis, phenotype and imaging data of the UK Biobank (UKB) adult population cohort were analysed.MethodsHospital episode statistics of 502 324 adults were analysed to identify participants with scoliosis. Summary 2D cardiac phenotypes from 39 559 cardiac MRI (CMR) scans were analysed alongside a 3D surface-to-surface (S2S) analysis.ResultsA total of 4095 (0.8%, 1 in 120) UKB participants were identified to have all-cause scoliosis. These participants had an increased lifetime risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (HR=1.45, p<0.001), driven by heart failure (HR=1.58, p<0.001) and atrial fibrillation (HR=1.54, p<0.001). Increased radial and decreased longitudinal peak diastolic strain rates were identified in participants with scoliosis (+0.29, Padj<0.05; −0.25, Padj<0.05; respectively). Cardiac compression of the top and bottom of the heart and decompression of the sides was observed through S2S analysis. Additionally, associations between scoliosis and older age, female sex, heart failure, valve disease, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and decreased enrolment for CMR were identified.ConclusionThe spinal curvature observed in participants with scoliosis alters the movement of the heart. The association with increased MACE may have clinical implications for whether to undertake surgical correction. This work identifies, in an adult population, evidence for altered cardiac function and an increased lifetime risk of MACE in participants with scoliosis.
Document analysis of the Foundation for a Smoke-Free World’s scientific outputs and activities: a case study in contemporary tobacco industry agnogenesis
Authors: Legg Tess , Clift Bryan , Gilmore Anna B 
Published: May 2023

Background
Tobacco corporation Philip Morris International launched the Foundation for a Smoke-Free World (FSFW), a purportedly independent scientific organisation, in 2017. We aimed to systematically investigate FSFW’s activities and outputs, comparing these with previous industry attempts to influence science, as identified in the recently developed typology of corporate influence on science, the Science for Profit Model (SPM).

Design
We prospectively collected data on FSFW over a 4-year period, 2017–2021, and used document analysis to assess whether FSFW’s activities mirror practices tobacco and other industries have historically used to shape science in their own interests. We used the SPM as an analytical framework, working deductively to search for use of the strategies it identifies, and inductively to search for any additional strategies.

Results
Marked similarities between FSFW’s practices and previous corporate attempts to influence science were observed, including: producing tobacco industry-friendly research and opinion; obscuring industry involvement in science; funding third parties which denigrate science and scientists that may threaten industry profitability; and promoting tobacco industry credibility.

Conclusions
Our paper identifies FSFW as a new vehicle for agnogenesis, indicating that, over 70 years since the tobacco industry began to manipulate science, efforts to protect science from its interference remain inadequate. This, combined with growing evidence that other industries are engaging in similar practices, illustrates the urgent need to develop more robust systems to protect scientific integrity.
NLO QCD corrections to off-shell top–antitop production with semi-leptonic decays at lepton colliders
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Pellen Mathieu , Pelliccioli Giovanni 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study of top-quark properties will be a central aspect of the physics programme of any future lepton collider. In this article, we investigate the production of top-quark pairs in the semi-leptonic decay channel in $${\textrm{e}}^{+}\textrm{e}^{-}$$

e

+

e
-

collisions, whose experimental signature is one charged lepton, jets, and missing energy. We present for the first time fiducial cross sections and differential distributions at next-to-leading-order accuracy in QCD for the full off-shell process. We find that the QCD corrections for the considered process are strongly dependent on the beam energies and range from few per cent up to more than $$100\%$$

100
%

(near threshold and above $$1\,\text {TeV} $$

1

TeV

). We focus, in particular, on two scenarios: one close to threshold ($$365\,\text {GeV} $$

365

GeV

), dominated by top-pair production, and one at the TeV scale ($$1.5\,\text {TeV} $$

1.5

TeV

), for which irreducible-background contributions become relevant. An assessment of polarised-beam effects is also provided.
Low Total Testosterone Levels in Men with Newly Diagnosed Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in China
Authors: Hu Yun , Yuan Lu , Bao Yu-jie , Wang Ying , Cai Ting-ting , Ma Jian-hua , Ding Bo 
Published: May 2023

Objective. There is a bidirectional interaction between circulating testosterone and blood glucose levels. We aim to investigate the testosterone levels in men with early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods. A total of 153 drug naive men with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Early- (

n
=
63

) and late-onset (

n
=
90

) T2DM was classified according to age 40 years old. Clinical characteristics and plasma for biochemical criterions were collected. Gonadal hormones were measured using chemiluminescent immunometric assay. The concentrations of 3β- and 17β-HSD were determined using ELISA. Results. Compared with men with late-onset T2DM, those with early-onset T2DM had lower serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and FSH, but higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level (

p
<
0.05

). The mediating effect analysis showed that the decreased TT levels in patients with early-onset T2DM were associated with the higher HbA1c, BMI, and triglyceride in these patients (both

p
<
0.05

). The early-onset of T2DM directly correlated with increased DHEA-S (both

p
<
0.01

). The 3β-HSD concentration in the early-onset T2DM group was lower than that in the late-onset T2DM group (

11.07
±
3.05

vs.

12.40
±
2.72

pg/mL,

p
=
0.048

) and was positively correlated with fasting C-peptide, while negatively correlated with HbA1c and fasting glucagon (

p

all < 0.05). Conclusions. Patients with early-onset T2DM showed inhibition of conversion from DHEA to testosterone, which may attribute to the low level of 3β-HSD and high blood glucose in these patients.
Modified Tunnel Procedure to Facilitate Ridge Reconstruction of an Extraction Socket Associated with Buccal Dehiscence and Gingival Recession: A Case Report with a 6-year Follow-Up
Authors: Ascenzi Felice , Hosein Andrell , Lu Emily Ming-Chieh 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Extraction sockets associated with buccal dehiscences and gingival recessions pose particular surgical and restorative challenges. In these cases, unassisted healing following flapless tooth extraction results in severe bone and soft tissue deformities and an aesthetic compromise. Root coverage procedures prior to ridge reconstruction may enable predictable alveolar augmentation. Case Presentation. This is the first case report describing the utilisation of modified tunnel procedure to facilitate ridge reconstruction consisting of ovate pontic and xenograft, of tooth #25 in a 38-year-old-male. The 6 months and 1-year reviews showed optimal soft tissue aesthetics, 100% root coverage of the tooth #25, and bone augmentation, which enabled placement of

10.0

mm
×
4.0

mm

(3i) implant in a prosthetically driven position. The 6-year review continued to show favourable clinical outcomes. Conclusion. Compromised extraction sockets containing buccal dehiscence and associated with gingival recessions may benefit from soft tissue augmentation procedures to enhance the clinical outcome of ridge reconstruction.