bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Clinical Awareness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Among Dental Undergraduate Students in the Vidarbha Region
Authors: Patel Shraddha 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an important link in the chain of survival during the early minutes of cardiac arrest. Prompt identification and immediate help increase the chances of survival for victims. As dental students start working on patients from their 3rd year of professional life, important life-threatening situations and lifesaving skills should be known to them.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of the present study was to assess the awareness of CPR among dental students from 3rd and final year.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, students of 3rd year and final year of dental colleges of the Vidarbha region were included to access the basic knowledge regarding basic life science skills while performing CPR through a questionnaire that consisted of 20 questions. The questionnaire was circulated among students in Google forms and responses were noted. After excluding the incomplete response, the results were then analyzed.

Results:
The results were expressed in appropriate graphs and tables. It was observed that the participants included were lacking about complete knowledge of CPR. Among 206 students who responded, a large number of them (around 94%) had not heard of basic life support (BLS)/CPR. Rescue breathing in infants was not known to around 85% of students, chest compression and ventilation ratio in a child was known by only about 11% of students, and the first response in suspected foreign body obstruction was not known to about 90% of the students. The overall result was not favorable and the students had low confidence in performing BLS/CPR.

Conclusion:
The result of the current study indicates a strong need for emphasis on both theoretical and practical training in CPR for undergraduate dental students. This might prove beneficial to save more lives while avoiding medicolegal complications which may occur in the dental clinic also, thus benefiting both the patient and the dental practitioners as well.
Effectiveness of Education Program on Knowledge about Organ Donation
Authors: Jabade Mangesh Vilinikaran , Upendra Sheelas 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Organ donation is when a person allows an organ of their own to be removed and transplanted to another person, legally, either by consent while the donor is alive or dead. To understand organ donation, it is first important to understand organ transplantation. A transplant is a medical procedure where one person's dysfunctional organ or tissue is replaced by that of a healthy person, thus restoring its function. The organ donation and transplantation system strive to honor the gift of donated organs by fully using those organs to save or improve the quality of the lives of transplant recipients.

Objectives:
The objectives are as follows: (1) to assess the knowledge regarding organ donation among nursing students studying at selected nursing colleges in Pune City and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of education program on knowledge regarding organ donation, among nursing students studying at selected nursing colleges in Pune.

Methodology:
The design of the study is quantitative-one group pre-test and posttest design. The data of this study were collected by a self-structured questionnaire using the purposive sampling method. The questionnaire had two sections, namely to gather information regarding demographic variables and knowledge on organ donation.

Results:
Assessed the knowledge and perception regarding organ donation and result were found as follows: the pretest knowledge score of the students includes 16% had good, 70% had average, and 14% had poor score. The posttest knowledge score of the students includes 57% had good knowledge, 40% had average, and 3% had poor knowledge score.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that education program is effective to increase the knowledge on organ donation among nursing students.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Hand Hygiene in Medical and Dental Undergraduate Students of Central Indian Region Amid COVID-19
Authors: Meshram Rishikesh K. , Patel Aditya , Amburle Rohit , Gaware Snehal , Patel Shradhdha 
Published: March 2023

Context:
Effective hand hygiene (HH) is one of the most important measures to prevent the cross-transmission of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, especially among health professionals. There are very limited studies that have aimed at investigating HH practices among medical and dental students in the period of their professional formation.

Aims:
This study aim's to measure the quality of HH practices, attitudes, and knowledge among the medical and dental students during the corona pandemic in health science institutes of Maharashtra.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study through Google Form-based closed-ended questionnaires where options were given.

Materials and Methods:
All students associated with patient clinics during their academic learning were eligible for inclusion in the study. The knowledge, attitudes, and opinions regarding HH practices were collected through an online Google Form questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square and “t” tests were used to find out the statistical difference between the two groups.

Results:
Both medical and dental undergraduate students showed a moderate level of HH knowledge, whereas dental students have a lower level of attitudes and practices of HH as compared to the medical undergraduates.

Conclusion:
Undergraduate health-care students need to be increased emphasis on HH education and improvement in their current primary training and also there is an urgent need for educational and motivational intervention particularly targeted at dental students.
A Survey of Anemia Burden and its Predictors Among the Undergraduates Enrolled in a Government Medical College of Delhi
Authors: Rustagi Ruchir , Sharma Pragya , Basu Saurav , Rao Shivani , Sharma Nandini 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Anemia in developing countries is a major public health challenge whose burden is influenced primarily by dietary factors, physiological characteristics, and cultural practices.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of anemia among medical students and find its associated sociodemographic, dietary, or clinical correlates, if any.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 665 medical undergraduate students, who were screened for anemia via a camp-based approach, with estimation by an automated hemoglobinometer and participant recruitment by an opt-in option. Analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 25.0.

Results:
The prevalence of anemia was 19.8%, with a significantly higher prevalence among females (40.9%) compared to males (5.6%). All males and majority of female anemics (56.4%) belonged to mild category. On bivariate analysis, female sex, hostel residence, and frequent consumption of meat or poultry were significant predictors of anemia. On adjusted analysis, female students were 11 times more likely to have anemia compared to male students (P < 0.001). Furthermore, menstrual irregularities were more frequently reported by the female students with anemia.

Conclusions:
A high burden of anemia exists among female medical students. These findings emphasize the need for regular and periodic screening activities, supplemented with health education activities for awareness generation to control this neglected public health problem.
Effect of Intranatal Gentle Birthing Care on Labor Outcome
Authors: Vishnupriya P. , Salunkhe Jyoti Avinash , Salunkhe Avinash H. , Kakade Satish V. , Patange R. P. , Kshirsagar N. S. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Birth companionship, and continuous support during labor and delivery, can improve women's childbirth experience and birth outcomes.

Aims and Objective:
To assess the effect of Intra-natal Gentle Birthing Care (IGBC) on Labor Outcome.

Material and Methods
: The post-test only control group design and a evaluate approach was used on 30 parturient mothers who were admitted in the Krishna Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Karad. The Intra-Natal Gentle Birthing Care was administered in separate unit and post test for labor outcomes of parturient mothers was assessed. The informed consent was obtained from mothers. All calculations were carried out using SPSS V20.

Results:
Out of 30 (100%) mothers only 2(6.6%) mothers were administered injection Oxytocin and 2(6.6%) mothers' injection Drotin / Epidosin. Rest all 26(86.66%) mothers were not administered any type of analgesia and anesthesia. There was statistically significant difference found between Mean ± SD coping(with labor pain) score of the mothers who completed labor process within 6hrs, 8hrs, 10hrs and 12hrs (P<0.0001). Majority parturient mothers, 27(90%) completed 1st stage within 10 hours. Intra natal gentle birthing care was having significant effect on decent of fetal head and dilatation of cervix (P<0.0001). The Bonferroni multiple comparison test, 1st stage Vs 2nd and 4th stage, 2nd stage Vs 3rd and 4th stage, 3rd stage Vs 4th stage among all comparison showed significant difference(P<0.001) except 1st stage Vs 3rd stage (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
The mean coping score of parturient mothers was more and there was significant difference in mean score of duration of labor stages, cervical dilatation and decent of fetal head after administration of “Intra-natal gentle birthing care” thus the Intra-natal gentle birthing care was effective.
Awareness of Adverse Effects of Tobacco Consumption in Rural and Urban Children of Central India – A Comparative Study
Authors: Mohod Swapnil , Patil Gauri , Patel Shraddha , Patel Aditya , Chabra Kumar Gaurav , Reche Amit 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Tobacco consumption is a major health problem worldwide. India the second largest consumer of tobacco products and the third largest producer of tobacco in the world that places India in the second rank after China in tobacco-related mortalities. Commonly, the habit of tobacco consumption begins at adolescence, carry forwarded into adult life. Hence, if awareness has been created in adolescence then will help to eradicate tobacco consumption habit from India. Hence, a comparative study to determine the awareness regarding hazardous effect of tobacco consumption habit among rural and urban children has been planned.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolgoing children from rural and urban areas. The study was conducted in schools present in the districts of central India on students from classes 3rd–10th standard (age 8–16 years). Total numbers of students enrolled were about 806, of which about 380 students were from rural schools and 426 students were from urban schools. A pretested, close-ended, self-administered questionnaire that was derived from the GYTS-based questionnaire has been distributed after consent, and then analysis was done.

Results:
The prevalence of tobacco use in urban and rural areas has been calculated which came more in rural areas with 5.5%, age of commencement of habit at rural areas was from 10 years of age while in urban it was in teen ages, i.e., from 12 years. Furthermore, the smokeless form of tobacco was preferred in rural areas while in urban it was smoke form of tobacco. In rural area parents, 3.9% knowing about habit of their children and themselves were also habitual while urban areas parents were unaware of habit.

Conclusion:
There is more prevalence of tobacco consumption in rural schoolgoing children than urban schoolgoing children. Urban and rural area children were aware of hazardous effect of tobacco but still consumption is more in children from rural area. Hence, the focus of tobacco cessation program should be in rural area as well as in urban areas. However, the programs should be specifically designed for the area where it should be implementing keeping the difference between socioeconomic status in mind to eradicate tobacco consuming habit from India.
Right Upper Limb Salvage by Surgical Reconstruction with Autologous Tissue in a Machinery Crushed and Degloving Injury in a Post-COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Chandak Suresh , Shinde Sandip , Mahawar Rajat , Niveditha S. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Crush injury occurs as a result of direct physical crushing of the muscles by a heavy weight and usually involves compression of the legs, arms, and/or trunk. Crush injuries are typically associated with accidents but can occur in nontraumatic patients as well. Crush injuries may result in permanent disability or death; therefore, early recognition and aggressive treatment are necessary to improve outcomes.

Methods:
Skin grafting is the transfer of cutaneous tissue from one portion of the body to another, often used to cover large wounds. The rationale of skin grafts is to take skin from a donor site that will heal and transfer the skin to an area of need.

Results:
After incorporation, skin grafts provide wounds with protection from the environment, pathogens, temperature, and excessive water loss like normal skin.

Conclusion:
The current study presents a case of Crush Injury with its entire course and final management in a 51 year old male who presented to ACHARYA VINOBHA BHAVE RURAL HOSPITAL, SAWANGI, (M), WARDHA, with traumatic amputation distal to level of metacarpals and degloving injury involving the arm proximal to elbow.
Henoch–Schonlein Purpura in an Adult Presenting Atypically with Upper-Limb Cutaneous Involvement
Authors: Mahadeviah Mahesh , Shinde Nikhil Ramdas , Shivanagappa Mamatha , Mahesh Madhumitha 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Henoch Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis which manifests as a triad of skin rashes, joint pain and abdominal pain. The cutaneous manifestations include nonthrombocytopenic, nonblanching palpable purpura. The skin lesions are usually seen mainly in the lower limbs and this has been ascribed to the effects of gravity. The disease is common in childhood and relatively rare in adulthood.

Case Report:
A 60 year old female presented with two weeks history of rashes, abdominal pain, loose stools, knee and shoulder pain. The rashes were multiple and symmetrical and first noticed by her in left upper limb, within a day appeared on the other limb and lower limbs also. Skin biopsy report revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis with neutrophilic infiltration and prominent nuclear fragmentation, involving the upper and middle layers of the dermis with IgA deposition on immunofluorescence. She was treated with Oral Prednisolone 20 mg BID. The rash had resolved at follow up with resolution of symptoms. The unique feature of this case was involvement of upper limbs and age of the patient.

Conclusion:
This case underlines the points that occasionally even the upper limb can be involved and even elderly adults can have this condition. There is a need for clinicians to be aware of the varied presentations of this condition.
Assessment of Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Pathology-Cytodiagnostic Appraisal
Authors: Modi Suchita , Agrawal Vikas , Bhake Arvind 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a well-established technique for the evaluation of salivary gland lesions, but because of the heterogenicity and morphological overlap between the spectrum of the lesion, there are a few challenges in its wide use. Recently, “The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology” was introduced, providing guide for diagnosis and management according to the risk of malignancy (ROM) in different categories. The present study was conducted to assess the Milan System for Salivary Gland Cytopathology on salivary gland lesion aspirate and to correlate the reporting categories with conventional reporting methods and to use as objective tool in implication and uniformity at the management of salivary gland lesions.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 102 cases of salivary gland lesion were enrolled in the study, who underwent FNAC in the division of cytopathology. The FNA results of this study were recategorized according to the Milan system and compared with the final histopathological diagnosis.

Results:
Milan system FNAC sensitivity was 82.5%; specificity was 90.90%, while the diagnostic accuracy was 84.31%. The positive and negative predictive values were 97.05% and 58.82%, respectively. ROM was calculated for each category. It was 33.3% in Cat I, 9.0% in Cat II, 100% in Cat III, 9.3% in Cat IV A, rest 100% in the remaining categories.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that the Milan system has cytodiagnostic advantages over the conventional reporting system. It has the advantage to know the ROM and as a systematic nomenclature, it may reduce the rate of surgery where it was not indicated.
Utility of Mini-CEX in Assessing Postgraduates Competency in Orthopedics
Authors: Deshpande Sanjay , Gudhe Mahendra 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Medical education aims at providing quality health care to community, which evidently needs professionally competent physicians. Mini-CEX tool can be employed to assess the core competencies of trainees during their routine clinical practice. This assessment tool offers a reliable measure of trainee's performance through being observed a number of brief encounters over a period, with a number of different assessors and in different clinical settings. So the study was carried out to test utility of Mini-CEX to test competence in postgraduate s in Orthopedics at a rural medical college in central India.

Method and Material:
Eighteen Orthopedics postgraduates underwent this assessment at an interval of 1 month to a total of 5 encounters. All were examined for seven skills. The timing of these assessments was mostly opportunistic, but the interval was maintained. Various said clinical test / skill was performed on real patient and rated them on the prevalidated checklist and provided feedback. Every skill was observed five times in similar case scenario. Nine point Likert scale was used for assessment.

Results:
Among the trainees the level of satisfaction was less varied than the supervisors and majority have shown interest with high level of satisfaction with the mean for Mini-CEX ranging from 7.94 to 8.27. And Pair wise analysis between 1st and 5th intervention, 3rd and 4th intervention and 3rd and 5th intervention was found to be significant. Conclusion: Mini-CEX is a method of assessing the clinical skills, which is task focused and quick to perform in a broader set of routine clinical practice administered as multiple encounters with variable patient problems and different examiners. Mini-CEX is a workplace-based assessment of performance, which has been reported to be reasonably reliable and valid to confer structured clinical skills learning in medical education.
Evaluation of salivary interleukin-12 levels in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Vyas Dhwani , Deshpande Neeraj Chandrahas , Shah Monali Amit 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease. It occurs due to inflammation and destruction of tooth-supporting tissues by subgingival microbiota. Cytokines have major role in the initiation, progression and the host modulation of periodontal disease.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate salivary levels of IL-12 in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis participants before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 56 participants having gingivitis and chronic periodontitis were included in the study. The clinical parameters included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The level of IL-12 in salivary fluid was measured by ELISA kit at baseline and at 1 month followed by scaling and root planing. The statistical analysis was performed by using Paired and Unpaired t-tests.

Results:
After scaling and root planing, all the clinical parameters showed statistically significant improvement in both gingivitis and periodontitis group except plaque index but in comparison, periodontitis group showed more improvement than gingivitis group. IL-12 levels increased in both the patients with gingivitis and periodontitis after scaling and root planing but the intragroup comparison was statistically non significant. On intergroup comparison, increase in the IL-12 level was statistically significant for periodontitis group as compared to the gingivitis group.

Conclusion:
Nonsurgical therapy resulted in a significant improvement in periodontal indices and a marked increase in IL-12 levels.
Potential Risk Factors and Symptoms Associated with Xerostomia in Completely and Partially Edentulous Patients – A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Kumar M. Nanditha , Raghavendra Swamy K. N. , Thippeswamy H. M. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Xerostomia is a serious concern with many ramifications observed in the oral cavity. Dentists can recognize the features of xerostomia early and relieve the discomfort of the patient. The relationship between xerostomia and its risk factors has been established but the risk factors have been considered independently or with no distinction among the causative components of xerostomia. Studies relating to xerostomia and edentulism with relation to risk factors and symptoms are not very many.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in partially and completely edentulous patients. Questionnaires were completed by 234 participants. The questionnaire recorded the socio-demographic information, medical history, oral hygiene habits, and symptoms of xerostomia. Clinical examination was done to record the missing teeth. All the data were collated into an excel sheet and statistically analyzed.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 54.6 years. Of the 234 participants, 68 (29.05%) had xerostomia. The older age group (>50 years) showed a higher prevalence of xerostomia than the younger age group (<50 years), past smokers complained more of xerostomia than the current smokers and as the number of medications increased xerostomia increased, but none of them were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of xerostomia in partially and completely edentulous patients was 29.05%. None of the variables of risk factors were associated with xerostomia. Dry lips and dry throat were strongly associated with xerostomia.