bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plankton composition in Milkfish’s (Chanos chanos) stomach cultivated in traditional pond
Authors: Arfiati D , Zebadiah Z , Safara R , Orchida K , Inayah R Z N , Pratiwi K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Milkfish is a brackish-water cultured fish that is widely cultivated in traditional ponds because the business capital is relatively small and the feed provided is only from natural food in the form of plankton. This study aims to determine the type of plankton in the stomach and the frequency of feeding occurence milkfish in order to determine the type of plankton preferred by milkfish. This study used a survey method. The composition of plankton found in milkfish consists of 8 divisions, namely Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, Cyanophyta, Myozoa, Charophyta, Rotifera, and Arthropoda. However, Charophyta and Arthropoda divisions not found in the stomach of milkfish in the Probolinggo pond. The highest composition of plankton in the milkfish stomach in the Pasuruan pond was the Chlorophyta division (38%), while in the pond of Probolinggo, Bacillariophyta division (52.4%). Feeding occurrence frequency of milkfish is in the second pond 100% for the division of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Bacillariophyta. The similarity index based on the plankton composition in the milkfish stomach from two ponds was around 66.9%, indicating that the similarity of the plankton types consumed by milkfish was sufficiently high between the two ponds. Based on the results of this study, milkfish can be said to be herbivores because in their stomachs there are 99.8% phytoplankton and 0.2% zooplankton.
Effects of fentin acetate molluscicide on biological performance and haematological of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio cultivated at rice field water
Authors: Setijaningsih L , Setiadi E , Taufik I 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Molluscicide of fentin acetate (C20H18O2Sn) is commonly used at the present due to effective in terms to control of molluscs in the rice field. The aims of this experiment is to determine toxicity effect of fentin acetate on growth, productivity, and blood glucose on the common carp, Cyprinus carpio cultured at rice field water. A 12 of rice field plots with size of 25m2 each were used. The stocking density of common carp was 25 fish/m2 for each rice plot. The culture period of the common carp was 21 days. The different fentin acetate concentration as treatments were as followed M0) without molluscicide; M1) 0.375 g/L of molluscicide; M2) 0.75 g/L of molluscicide); and M3) 1.5 g/L of molluscicide. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA with three replicates for each treatment was performed. The result showed that the treatment of molluscicide at 0.75 g/L was significantly different to the others on survival rate and productivity (p<0.05). Application of 0.75 g/L of molluscicide showed a positive correlation on blood glucose value.
The Growth, Biomass and Phycocyanin of Spirulina platensis Cultured with Liquid Organic (POC) and NPK Fertilizers
Authors: Maulana G D , Risjani Y , Taqiyyah A M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NPK and liquid organic (POC) fertilizers on the growth, biomass, and phycocyanin of Spirulina platensis culture in a laboratory scale. The NPK fertilizer was carried out by giving 3 doses of 0.1 g/L, 0.2g/L, and 0.3 g/L and control. The POC Fertilizer was used in 3 doses of treatment of 10 mL/L, 15 mL/L, and 20 mL/L and control. The parameters observed for 8 days included growth rate, biomass, phycocyanin, and water quality parameters. The result showed the NPK fertilizer resulted in 80%, 70%, and 65% higher growth rates, biomass, and phycocyanin, respectively, than POC fertilizer. The application of NPK at a dose of 0.3 g/L gave the best treatment which resulted in a growth rate of 0.568 cells/day, biomass of 1.395 g/L and a phycocyanin content of 0.148 mg/L. The best treatment using POC was at a concentration of 20 mL/L which resulted in a growth rate of 0.459 cells/day, a biomass of 0.979 g/L, and a phycocyanin content of 0.097 mg/L. The culture with POC obtained a lower result than the NPK because the organic fertilizer requires a longer decomposition process to be utilized by Spirulina platensis.
Microplastics contamination in molluscs from mangrove forest of Situbondo, Indonesia
Authors: Yona D , Mahendra B A , Fuad M A Z , Sartimbul A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystem that lies between the land and the sea is vulnerable from the microplastics pollution caused by both land and marine-based activities. Mangrove ecosystem is home to many different faunas including molluscs and the presence of microplastics could be potential threats to the organisms. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the occurrence of microplastics in two different types of molluscs, which were bivalvia (Geloina erosa) and gastropoda (Telescopium telescopium) from the mangrove forest in Situbondo, East Java Province, Indonesia. Microplastics were analysed from 40 individual molluscs representing two different species. Overall, 459 particles of microplastics were retrieved from the samples. All samples of G. erosa contained microplastics particles and only one sample of T. Telescopium was found without microplastic. Four types of microplastics were identified from the samples: fiber, fragment, film and microbeads and fiber were the dominating type in both species. G. erosa contained higher number of microplastics particles than T. telescopium. The result of this study showed that there is a positive relationship between the size of organism and the occurrence of microplastics.
Coacervation-triggered hierarchically assembled hydrogels with application as surgical sealant
Authors: Guo Zhongwei , Wei Zunghang , Sun Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adhesive hydrogels possess great potential to be explored as tissue adhesives, surgical sealants, and hemostats. However, it has been a great challenge to develop hydrogels that can function rapidly and controllably on wet, dynamic biological tissues. Inspired by polyphenol chemistry, we introduce a coacervation-triggered shaping strategy that enables the hierarchical assembly of recombinant human collagen (RHC) and tannic acid (TA). The conformation of the RHC and TA aggregates is controlled to evolve from granular to web-like states, accompanied by the significant enhancement of mechanical and adhesion performance. The coacervation and assembly process is driven by intermolecular interactions, especially hydrogen bonding between RHC and TA. Benefitting from the multifaceted nature of polyphenol chemistry, the hierarchically assembled hydrogels revealed excellent properties as surgical sealing materials, including fast gelation time (within 10 s), clotting time (within 60 s), ultrastretchability (strain >10 000%), and tough adhesion (adhesive strength >250 kPa). In vivo experiments demonstrated complete sealing of severely leaking heart and liver tissues with the assistance of in situ formed hydrogels during 7 d of follow-up. This work presents a highly promising hydrogel-based surgical sealant in wet and dynamic biological environments for future biomedical applications.
Death Penalty Abolitionism from the Enlightenment to Modernity
Authors: Jouet Mugambi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The modern movement to abolish the death penalty in the United States stresses that this punishment cannot be applied fairly and effectively. The movement does not emphasize that killing prisoners is inhumane per se. Its focus is almost exclusively on administrative, procedural, and utilitarian issues, such as recurrent exonerations of innocents, incorrigible racial discrimination, endemic arbitrariness, lack of deterrent value, and spiraling financial costs. By comparison, modern European law recognizes any execution as an inherent violation of human rights rooted in dignity. This humanistic approach is often assumed to be “European” in nature and foreign to America, where distinct sensibilities lead people to concentrate on practical problems surrounding executions. This Article demonstrates that, in reality, the significant transatlantic divergence on abolitionism is a relatively recent development. By the late eighteenth century, abolitionists in Europe and America recurrently denounced the inhumanity of executions in language foreshadowing modern human rights norms. Drawing on sources overlooked by scholars, including the views of past American and French abolitionists, the Article shows that reformers previously converged in employing a polyvalent rhetoric blending humanistic and practical objections to executions. It was not until the 1970s and 1980s that a major divergence materialized. As America faced an increasingly punitive social climate leading to the death penalty’s resurgence and the rise of mass incarceration, abolitionists largely abandoned humanistic claims in favor of practical ones. Meanwhile, the opposite generally occurred as abolitionism triumphed in Europe. These findings call into question the notion that framing the death penalty as a human rights abuse marks recent shifts in Western Europe or international law. While human rights have indeed become the official basis for abolition in modern Europe, past generations of European and U.S. abolitionists defended similar moral and political convictions. These humanistic norms reflect a long-term evolution traceable to the Renaissance and Enlightenment. But for diverse social transformations, America may have kept converging with Europe in gradually adopting humanistic norms of punishment.
2-Reflective Lattices of Signature (n, 2) withn≥8
Authors: Wang Haowu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn even lattice $M$ of signature $(n,2)$ is called $2$-reflective if there is a non-constant modular form for the orthogonal group of $M$, which vanishes only on quadratic divisors orthogonal to $2$-roots of $M$. In 2017, Ma [ 25] proved that there are only finitely many $2$-reflective lattices of signature $(n,2)$ with $n\geq 7$. In this paper, we extend the finiteness result of Ma to $n\geq 5$ and show that there are exactly forty-two $2$-reflective lattices of signature $(n,2)$ with $n\geq 8$.
Molecular diagnostic tools for the World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 classification of gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumors; an EANO guideline
Authors: Sahm Felix , Brandner Sebastian , Bertero Luca , Capper David , French Pim J , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Giangaspero Felice , Haberler Christine , Hegi Monika E , Kristensen Bjarne W , Kurian Kathreena M , Preusser Matthias , Tops Bastiaan B J , van den Bent Martin , Wick Wolfgang , Reifenberger Guido , Wesseling Pieter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the 5th edition of the WHO CNS tumor classification (CNS5, 2021), multiple molecular characteristics became essential diagnostic criteria for many additional CNS tumor types. For those tumors, an integrated, “histomolecular” diagnosis is required. A variety of approaches exists for determining the status of the underlying molecular markers. The present guideline focuses on the methods that can be used for assessment of the currently most informative diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers for the diagnosis of gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumors. The main characteristics of the molecular methods are systematically discussed, followed by recommendations and information on available evidence levels for diagnostic measures. The recommendations cover DNA and RNA next-generation-sequencing, methylome profiling, and select assays for single/limited target analyses, including immunohistochemistry. Additionally, because of its importance as a predictive marker in IDH-wildtype glioblastomas, tools for the analysis of MGMT promoter methylation status are covered. A structured overview of the different assays with their characteristics, especially their advantages and limitations, is provided, and requirements for input material and reporting of results are clarified. General aspects of molecular diagnostic testing regarding clinical relevance, accessibility, cost, implementation, regulatory, and ethical aspects are discussed as well. Finally, we provide an outlook on new developments in the landscape of molecular testing technologies in neuro-oncology.
Assessing Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Device Type Accurately in Surveys
Authors: Kaplan Bekir , Crespi Elizabeth , Hardesty Jeffrey J , Cohen Joanna E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) market is highly heterogeneous and changing rapidly in the United States, making classification of devices complicated, especially for surveys. We assessed the percentage of concordant responses between self-reported device type and device type reported by manufacturer/retailer sites for three ENDS brands.

Aims and Methods
Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study wave 5 (2018–2019) asked adult ENDS users about their ENDS device type with the following multiple-choice question: “What kind of electronic nicotine product [is/was] it?” with response options: (1) A disposable device, (2) A device that uses replaceable prefilled cartridges, (3) A device with a tank that you refill with liquids (4) A mod system, and (5) Something else. Participants using only one ENDS device and reporting brands of JUUL (n = 579), Markten (n = 30), or Vuse (n = 47) were included. Responses were dichotomized as “concordant=1” (prefilled cartridge for these three brands) and “discordant = 0” (other responses) to assess the concordance.

Results
The overall concordance between self-reports and manufacturer/retail sites was 81.8% (n = 537). This percentage was 82.7% (n = 37) among Vuse users, 82.6% (n = 479) among JUUL users, and 69.1% (n = 21) among Markten users. Almost one in three people who use Markten did not indicate that their device uses replaceable prefilled cartridges.

Conclusions
While at least 70% concordance could be acceptable, collecting more information about device type (eg, liquid container (pod/cartridge/tank), refillability; and submitting pictures) may improve the accuracy of the information.

Implications
This study is particularly relevant for researchers analyzing smaller samples for example when examining disparities. Monitoring the characteristics of ENDS accurately in population-based studies is critical for regulatory authorities to understand ENDS toxicity, addiction, health effects, and use behaviors at the population level. There is evidence that higher concordance can be achieved with other questions- and methods. Adjusting survey questions about ENDS device type (eg, more descriptive response options, inclusion of separate questions asking about tank, pod, cartridge) and potentially including photos of participants’ devices may help to classify ENDS device types more accurately.
Hyperuricemia: A key contributor to endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Wei Xin , Zhang Mao , Huang Shian , Lan Xiaozhong , Zheng Jing , Luo Hui , He Yuan , Lei Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs an end product of purine metabolism, uric acid (UA) is a major endogenous antioxidant in humans. However, impaired UA synthesis and excretion can lead to hyperuricemia (HUA), which may in turn induce endothelial dysfunction (ED) and contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; e.g., atherosclerosis and hypertension). In this review, we discuss recent advances and novel insights into the effects exerted by HUA conditions in ED and related underlying mechanisms focusing on impaired UA metabolism, reduction in the synthesis and bioavailability of nitric oxide, endothelial cell injury, the endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, insulin resistance, procoagulant activity, and acquisition of an inflammatory phenotype. We additionally discuss intervention strategies for HUA‐induced ED and the paradoxical roles of UA in endothelial function. We summarize major conclusions and perspectives: the deleterious effects of HUA contribute to the initiation and progression of CVD‐related ED. However, the treatment strategies (in addition to urate‐lowering therapy) for increasing endothelial function are limited because the majority of literature on pharmacological and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying HUA‐induced ED solely describes in vitro models. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in HUA‐induced ED is critical to the development of novel therapies for preventing and treating CVD‐HUA comorbidities.
CYP eicosanoid pathway mediates colon cancer‐promoting effects of dietary linoleic acid
Authors: Zhang Jianan , Yang Jun , Duval Caroline , Edin Matthew L. , Williams Andrea , Lei Lei , Tu Maolin , Pourmand Elham , Song Renhua , Graves Joan P. , DeGraff Laura M. , Wong Justin J.‐L. , Wang Yige , Sun Quancai , Sanidad Katherine Z. , Wong Siu , Han Yanhui , Zhang Zhenyu , Lee Kin Sing Stephen , Park Yeonhwa , Xiao Hang , Liu Zhenhua , Decker Eric A. , Cui Wei , Zeldin Darryl C. , Zhang Guodong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman and animal studies support that consuming a high level of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2ω‐6), an essential fatty acid and key component of the human diet, increases the risk of colon cancer. However, results from human studies have been inconsistent, making it challenging to establish dietary recommendations for optimal LA intake. Given the importance of LA in the human diet, it is crucial to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its potential colon cancer‐promoting effects. Using LC‐MS/MS‐based targeted lipidomics, we find that the cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase pathway is a major pathway for LA metabolism in vivo. Furthermore, CYP monooxygenase is required for the colon cancer‐promoting effects of LA, since the LA‐rich diet fails to exacerbate colon cancer in CYP monooxygenase‐deficient mice. Finally, CYP monooxygenase mediates the pro‐cancer effects of LA by converting LA to epoxy octadecenoic acids (EpOMEs), which have potent effects on promoting colon tumorigenesis via gut microbiota‐dependent mechanisms. Overall, these results support that CYP monooxygenase‐mediated conversion of LA to EpOMEs plays a crucial role in the health effects of LA, establishing a unique mechanistic link between dietary fatty acid intake and cancer risk. These results could help in developing more effective dietary guidelines for optimal LA intake and identifying subpopulations that may be especially vulnerable to LA's negative effects.
A Qualitative Study on Using Telemedicine for Precepting and Teaching in the Academic Setting
Authors: Raffa Brittany J. , Muellers Kimberly A. , Andreadis Katerina , Ancker Jessica S. , Flower Kori B. , Horowitz Carol R. , Kaushal Rainu , Lin Jenny J. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To examine the impact of telemedicine use on precepting and teaching among preceptors and patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
The authors conducted a secondary analysis of a qualitative study focusing on providers’ and patients’ experiences with and attitudes toward telemedicine at 4 academic health centers. Teaching and precepting were emergent codes from the data and organized into themes. Themes were mapped to domains from the 2009 Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), a framework that assists with effective implementation and consists of 5 domains: intervention characteristics, outer settings, inner settings, characteristics of individuals, and process.

Results
In total, 86 interviews were conducted with 65 patients and 21 providers. Nine providers and 3 patients recounted descriptions related to teaching and precepting with telemedicine. Eight themes were identified, mapping across all 5 CFIR domains, with the majority of themes (n = 6) within the domains of characteristics of individuals, processes, and intervention characteristics. Providers and patients described how a lack of prepandemic telemedicine experience and inadequate processes in place to precept and teach with telemedicine affected the learning environment and perceived quality of care. They also discussed how telemedicine exacerbated existing difficulties in maintaining resident continuity. Providers described ways communication changed with telemedicine use during the pandemic, including having to wear masks while in the same room as the trainee and sitting closely to remain within range of the camera, as well as the benefit of observing trainees with the attending’s camera off. Providers expressed a lack of protected structure and time for teaching and supervising with telemedicine, and a general view that telemedicine is here to stay.

Conclusions
Efforts should focus on increasing knowledge of telemedicine skills and improving processes to implement telemedicine in the teaching setting in order to best integrate it into undergraduate and graduate medical education.
Emotions and Psychological Mechanisms of Listening to Music in Cochlear Implant Recipients
Authors: Yüksel Mustafa , Sarlik Esra , Çiprut Ayça 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Music is a multidimensional phenomenon and is classified by its arousal properties, emotional quality, and structural characteristics. Although structural features of music (i.e., pitch, timbre, and tempo) and music emotion recognition in cochlear implant (CI) recipients are popular research topics, music-evoked emotions, and related psychological mechanisms that reflect both the individual and social context of music are largely ignored. Understanding the music-evoked emotions (the “what”) and related mechanisms (the “why”) can help professionals and CI recipients better comprehend the impact of music on CI recipients’ daily lives. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate these aspects in CI recipients and compare their findings to those of normal hearing (NH) controls.

Design:
This study included 50 CI recipients with diverse auditory experiences who were prelingually deafened (deafened at or before 6 years of age)—early implanted (N = 21), prelingually deafened—late implanted (implanted at or after 12 years of age—N = 13), and postlingually deafened (N = 16) as well as 50 age-matched NH controls. All participants completed the same survey, which included 28 emotions and 10 mechanisms (Brainstem reflex, Rhythmic entrainment, Evaluative Conditioning, Contagion, Visual imagery, Episodic memory, Musical expectancy, Aesthetic judgment, Cognitive appraisal, and Lyrics). Data were presented in detail for CI groups and compared between CI groups and between CI and NH groups.

Results:
The principal component analysis showed five emotion factors that are explained by 63.4% of the total variance, including anxiety and anger, happiness and pride, sadness and pain, sympathy and tenderness, and serenity and satisfaction in the CI group. Positive emotions such as happiness, tranquility, love, joy, and trust ranked as most often experienced in all groups, whereas negative and complex emotions such as guilt, fear, anger, and anxiety ranked lowest. The CI group ranked lyrics and rhythmic entrainment highest in the emotion mechanism, and there was a statistically significant group difference in the episodic memory mechanism, in which the prelingually deafened, early implanted group scored the lowest.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that music can evoke similar emotions in CI recipients with diverse auditory experiences as it does in NH individuals. However, prelingually deafened and early implanted individuals lack autobiographical memories associated with music, which affects the feelings evoked by music. In addition, the preference for rhythmic entrainment and lyrics as mechanisms of music-elicited emotions suggests that rehabilitation programs should pay particular attention to these cues.