bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Serum D‐Fucose Binding Lectin With B Cell Mitogenic Activity From the Grub of the Darkling Beetle Zophobas morio
Authors: Nivetha Ramanathan , Meenakumari Mani , Bhuvaragavan Sreeramulu , Dev Ayikkara Peroor Mahi , Janarthanan Sundaram 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLectins that can recognize and bind to carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are at the epicentre of research owing to their prospective applications. In the present study, a D‐fucose binding lectin from the serum of darkling beetle, Zophobas morio was purified and their mitogenic potential over human B‐cells was evaluated. Biochemical assays on the preliminary characterization revealed the occurrence of single D‐fucose binding lectin. Through single step affinity chromatography using D‐fucose coupled Epoxy‐activated Sepharose 6B, lectin (ZmFBL) with a molecular mass of ~192 kDa from the serum of Z. morio was purified with homogeneity. The HA activity of the purified ZmFBL remained stable between the pH 7 and 12 and was thermo‐tolerant up to a temperature of 40°C. MALDI‐TOF‐MS analysis of native lectin disclosed fucose‐binding nature of the ZmFBL with mitogenic property. The results of functional analysis of purified ZmFBL on the effect on B‐cell proliferation revealed that ZmFBL at the concentrations of 31.25 μg and 62.50 were the ideal concentrations that significantly enhanced (approximately 2.5‐fold over control) the proliferation of the B‐lymphocyte population up to 72 h of treatment without any cytotoxicity. The outcome of this study could possibly prove beneficial in the investigation on the potential use of ZmFBL as immunostimulant and in immunosuppressive treatments.
The Blood‐Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier as a Potential Entry Site for the SARS‐CoV‐2 Virus
Authors: Solár Peter , Šerý Omar , Vojtíšek Tomáš , Krajsa Jan , Srník Michal , Dziedzinská Radka , Králík Petr , Kessler Markéta , Dubový Petr , Joukal Andrea , Balcar Vladimir J. , Joukal Marek 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is an RNA virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). While SARS‐CoV‐2 primarily targets the lungs and airways, it can also infect other organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the choroid plexus could serve as a potential entry site for SARS‐CoV‐2 into the brain. Tissue samples from 24 deceased COVID‐19‐positive individuals were analyzed. Reverse transcription real‐time PCR (RT‐qPCR) was performed on selected brain regions, including the choroid plexus, to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 viral RNA. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy were used to detect and localize two characteristic proteins of SARS‐CoV‐2: the spike protein S1 and the nucleocapsid protein. RT‐qPCR analysis confirmed the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral RNA in the choroid plexus. Immunohistochemical staining revealed viral particles localized in the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, with the spike protein S1 detected in the late endosomes. Our findings suggest that the blood‐cerebrospinal fluid (B‐CSF) barrier in the choroid plexus serves as a route of entry for SARS‐CoV‐2 into the CNS. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying CNS involvement in COVID‐19 and highlights the importance of further research to explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting this entry pathway.
Relationships Between the Infrapatellar Fat Pad and Patellofemoral Joint Osteoarthritis Differ With Body Mass Index and Sex
Authors: Wagner J. G. , Chen L. , Jiang F. , Nedley E. , Akkaya Z. , Ngarmsrikan Chotigar , Link T. M. , Majumdar S. , Collins K. H. , Souza R. B. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe role of the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) in knee osteoarthritis is not understood. This study aimed to identify relationships between MRI‐based signal abnormalities in the IPFP and measures of structural pathology and symptom severity in PFJOA, as well as investigate the influence of obesity and sex on these relationships. Seventy participants (ages 28–80) with isolated PFJOA underwent bilateral knee MRI scan acquisitions and completed the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). MR images were scored for abnormal IPFP area and signal intensity, joint effusion, synovial proliferation, and patellar and trochlear cartilage damage. Repeated measures correlations were performed to assess associations between abnormal area and signal of IPFP and PFJOA pathology and KOOS, respectively. Associations were interrogated across weight‐based groups based on BMI and sex‐based groups. Between abnormal IPFP and PFJOA pathology, we observed no significant associations. Between abnormal IPFP and patient‐reported outcomes, we observed weak to moderate significant negative associations between the size of the abnormal IPFP area and all KOOS subscales. In a sex‐based analysis of IPFP and KOOS associations, we observed significant moderate negative correlations between IPFP and KOOS scores across all subcategories in female participants. In male participants, abnormal IPFP was not associated with KOOS scores. The IPFP is significantly related to PFJOA patient‐reported pain and function, and this correlation is stronger in high‐risk OA groups.
Adsorption of cationic Gemini surfactants on carbon steel surface and their anticorrosion performance in hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Liu Lin , Wang Chunxia , Du Jun , Zuo Youpeng , Zhang Ligang , Hu Xiaoxiao , Xu Zhenhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal corrosion has hindered the advancement of new technologies. The surfactant as one kind of corrosion inhibitor can effectively restrain metal corrosion in corrosive medium. In this research, two cationic Gemini surfactants, 3,3′‐(ethane‐1,2‐diyl)bis(1‐octyl‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium) dibromide ([C8im‐2‐C8im]Br2) and 3,3′‐(butane‐1,4‐diyl)bis(1‐octyl‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium) dibromide ([C8im‐4‐C8im]Br2), have been prepared for the corrosion inhibition of carbon steels in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution. The weight loss measurement demonstrates that two inhibitors both achieve high inhibition efficiencyies at concentration of 0.50 mM for carbon steels in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution. By comparison, the anticorrosion performance of [C8im‐2‐C8im]Br2 for carbon steel specimens in 1.0 mol/L HCl solution are better than that of [C8im‐4‐C8im]Br2, and the maximum corrosion efficiency can reach 96.15% at the temperature of 30°C. The determination of adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics parameters reveals that the adsorption behavior of two inhibitors on the steel surface is chemisorption and follows Langmuir isotherm. Good anticorrosion performance of the inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution owes to a dense and compact protective film formed onto the steel surface. It indicates that the proposed cationic Gemini surfactants have great prospect in the corrosion inhibition of metals.
Effect of Canna edulis starch addition on the properties of flour, rheology of dough and quality of semi‐dry noodles
Authors: Cao Meng , Liu Chang , Zhou Zhou , Li Wenqia , Li Jianfang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCanna edulis is a high‐quality resistant starch raw material, especially for making flour products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Canna edulis starch (CES) on the properties of flour, rheology of dough and quality of semi‐dry noodles. The CES replaced part of the wheat flour in the semi‐dry noodle formula. One control formula containing wheat flour only, and five formulations based on wheat flour containing 8CES, 16CES, 24CES, 32CES and 40CES were prepared.ResultsThe findings revealed that with the increase of CES, the peak viscosity and retrogradation value of the flour increased, and the melting enthalpy decreased. CES caused some bound water to migrate to a semi‐bound water state, improving the rheological properties of the dough and enhancing the texture characteristics of the noodles. When the added amount of CES was 24%, the cooking loss rate was 1.687%, and the highest sensory score was 86 points. Simulation of starch in vitro digestion revealed that the hydrolysis rate of starch first increased and then decreased with the increase of CES addition, with the highest proportion of resistant starch content ranging from 44.27% to 79.66%. Compared with the control group, the expected glycemic index decreased after adding CES.ConclusionThese results assist in realization of comprehensive utilization of Canna edulis resources for the production of noodles with desirable qualities. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Single‐Cell Analysis Integrated With Machine Learning Elucidates the Mechanisms of Nucleus Pulposus Cells Apoptosis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Song Chao , Wu Xiaofei , Chen Chaoqi , Shen Baoxin , Mei Yongliang , Yan Qian , Jiang Feng , Chen Feng , Liu Fei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe molecular of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is still unclear. When it comes to treating decoction, traditional Chinese medicine is effective. In particular, the Duhuo (Radix Angelicae Biseratae) may be particularly helpful.PurposeTo identify nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) subpopulations and immune cells and clarify the mechanism of IVDD therapy, offering recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.MethodsIVDD targets from the Genecards and microarray data from biological databases. To find the key genes and biological pathways underlying IVDD, multiple machine learning techniques were used. IVDD is associated with subpopulations of NPCs as revealed by single‐cell analysis, and immunological infiltration was identified by Immune Cell AI. To validate the molecular pathways by which Duhuo activity affects IVDD, network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed.ResultsThe process of IVDD is linked to key genes like TP53, JUN, PTEN, IL1B, ERBB2, MAPK8, CASP9, PTK2, etc. The main molecular mechanisms involved in this process are immune responses, inflammatory factors expression, cellular responses to mechanical stimuli, and NPC apoptosis. Immune Cell AI discovered a correlation between CD4 naïve, B cell, monocyte, NK, and macrophage infiltration with the development of IVDD. The NPC subtypes associated with IVDD, namely fibroNPCs, adhesion NPCs, regulatory NPCs, homeostatic NPCs, and hypertrophic chondrocyte‐like NPCs (HT‐CL NPCs), were the subject of single‐cell mapping. We also found that Osthole, Columbianadin, and Bergapten, the principal blood entry components of Dohuo, may have a role by modulating CASP9, MAPK8, PTGS1, and PARP1, the targets of apoptosis.ConclusionThe NPC subpopulations that exist in IVDD are HT‐CL NPCs, fibroNPCs, adhesion NPCs, regulatory NPCs, and homeostatic NPCs. Furthermore, a variety of immune cell infiltrates, particularly monocyte and macrophage, have a significant impact on the advancement of IVDD. Osthole, Columbianadin, and Bergapten, the principal components of Duhuo, absorb IVDD via controlling the death of NPCs.
Assessment of Vertebral Bone Marrow Perfusion, Fat/Water Content, and Trabecular Bone Changes Using Multimodal MRI and Micro‐CT in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Huang Guo‐Shu , Chiang Shih‐Wei , Peng Yi‐Jen , Yeh Skye Hsin‐Hsien , Hsu Yu‐Juei , Chou Yu‐Ching , Chang Heng‐Han , Lee Herng‐Sheng , Liu Ying‐Chun , Wang Chao‐Ying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDisturbances in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis resulting from chronic kidney disease (CKD) may lead to atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels, potentially altering bone marrow perfusion. Our study aimed to investigate vertebral bone marrow perfusion using dynamic contrast–enhanced (DCE) MRI with a pharmacokinetic model. We also measured possible changes in water and fat content and bony trabeculae using T2* quantification, MR spectroscopy (MRS), and microcomputed tomography (μCT).MethodsTwelve rats were randomly separated into a normal control group and a CKD (5/6 nephrectomy) group. Their lumbar spines were imaged, with monitoring of the L5 vertebral body conducted at 0, 8, 16, 30, and 43 weeks. After Week 43, all rats were sacrificed, and histologic changes were correlated with MRI and μCT results.ResultsThe CKD group demonstrated significantly lower A and kel values (p < 0.05), significantly increased T2* values (p < 0.05), significantly decreased fat content and trabeculation (p < 0.05), sinusoidal dilatation, and decreased adipocytes in the vertebral bone marrow.ConclusionUsing quantitative MRI and μCT to assess CKD‐related arthropathy of the vertebral body is feasible. Lumbar spine bone marrow perfusion deficiency in experimental CKD may be associated with decreased fat content, increased water content, and sparse trabeculation.
The Impact of Financial Coverage on Hearing Aid Utilization Rates Within the Military Health System
Authors: Pierre James J. , Yang Alex W. , Riley Charles A. , Tolisano Anthony M. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo investigate hearing aid utilization rates among populations with varying hearing aid insurance benefits.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed. A total of 377 patients were included in the study after being identified through consecutive, hearing loss‐related otology clinic visits. With respect to hearing aid benefits, patients were separated into full, partial, and no coverage populations. Chart reviews identified if a patient underwent hearing aid evaluation and fitting. Audiometric data were collected. Chi‐square tests of independence and two‐sided Z‐tests were used for statistical analysis. ANOVA single‐factor analysis testing was used to analyze pure tone averages (PTA) and word recognition scores (WRS) data.ResultsThe 377 patients who met criteria included: full insurance coverage (n = 210, mean age = 45 years), partial coverage (n = 82, mean age = 65 years), and no coverage (n = 85, mean age = 54 years). The full‐ and partial‐coverage populations each had significantly higher hearing aid utilization rates (78% and 79%, respectively) than the no‐coverage population (49%, p < 0.001). No statistical difference in mean PTA or WRS was noted among the three coverage categories.ConclusionPatients with at least partial financial coverage are more likely to acquire hearing aids than those without despite similar degrees of hearing loss. This implies that the out‐of‐pocket cost of hearing aids is a primary impediment to hearing aid adoption and provides a useful road map for public and private insurers considering hearing aid coverage.Level of EvidenceLevel III (retrospective cohort study) Laryngoscope, 2025
Evaluating the Effect of Various Pure Tone Averages on Cochlear Implant Candidacy Screening
Authors: Greiner Rachel C. , Raghavan Arun M. , Lipschitz Noga , Kohlberg Gavriel D. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo provide evidence to use an extended frequency pure tone average to screen for cochlear implant evaluation candidates as recommended by the American Cochlear Implant Alliance. Additionally, to determine whether traditional low frequency, high or low frequency, high frequency, or extended frequency pure tone average most accurately predicts cochlear implant candidates based on speech perception scores from aided AzBio sentence testing or aided consonant‐nucleus‐consonant (CNC) testing.MethodAdults from a tertiary care center who completed aided sentence testing during cochlear implant evaluation between 2014 and 2024 were assessed. Pure tone averages at low, high, low or high, and extended frequency ranges were evaluated with individual ear's aided AzBio or aided CNC scores as an outcome. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were assessed and compared using a paired study design.ResultsThere were 675 observations from 363 patients with AzBio as an outcome variable and 665 observations from 364 patients with CNC scores as an outcome variable. High or low frequency achieved the highest sensitivity at 96.3% AzBio as an outcome and 95.6% with CNC as an outcome, which was significantly better than low frequency (p < 0.001). Low frequency achieved the best specificity at 63.6% with AzBio as an outcome 76.9% with CNC as an outcome.ConclusionExtended frequency pure tones resulted in greater sensitivity in predicting CI candidates compared with the traditionally used low frequency pure tone average. Screening with wider frequency values will lead to a greater number of patients being identified for a cochlear implant evaluation.Level of EvidenceLevel 3 Laryngoscope, 2025
The Effect of Rural Land Mortgaging on Rural Transformation at the Regional Level in Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Subrata , Alam Mohammad Jahangir , Al Abbasi Al Amin , Begum Ismat Ara , Parikh Panam , Rola‐Rubzen Maria Fay 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLand mortgaging plays a significant role in Bangladesh's economy due to the reliance of a significant portion of its population on agriculture and the growing importance of land tenure systems in promoting agricultural development and employment diversification. Yet, little is known about its role in rural transformation. The objective of this research is to examine the role of land mortgaging in the rural transformation in Bangladesh. The effect of land mortgaging is examined on two measures of rural transformation—(1) the share of high‐value agricultural commodities and (2) the share of nonfarm employment opportunities across small, medium, and large farms. The study utilizes panel data for 64 districts from 2000 to 2016 using the Household Income and Expenditure Survey data and employing econometric modelling. Using the Fixed Effects Model, Ordinary Least Squares, and Feasible Generalized Least Squares, we found a positive and statistically significant relationship between the amount of land mortgaged out and rural transformation. The findings reveal that land mortgaging acts as a significant catalyst for rural transformation, facilitating investment in high‐value agriculture and diversifying income through non‐farm employment. The analysis further highlights the variability of this effect across different farm sizes, with smaller farms showing a more pronounced positive effect. Access to electricity and technology were also found to have significant positive associations with rural transformation, underscoring the role of infrastructure and technological advancements in agricultural productivity and employment diversification. The findings suggest that targeted policy interventions that consider the intricate effects of land mortgaging can enhance agricultural efficiency and support the economic diversification of rural areas in Bangladesh.
Multi‐Institutional Comparison of Quality of Life Between Open Versus Endoscopic Skull Base Approaches
Authors: de Almeida John R. , Hueniken Katrina , Xie Michael , Monteiro Eric , Zadeh Gelareh , Kalyvas Aristotelis , Gullane Patrick , Snyderman Carl , Wang Eric , Gardner Paul , Fliss Dan , Ringel Barak , Gil Ziv , Na'ara Shorook , Ooi Eng , Goldstein David , Witterick Ian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe primary objective of this prospective review was to compare quality of life between patients undergoing endoscopic and open skull base approaches.Study Type and DesignProspective Review.MethodsFive centers recruited consecutive patients treated surgically for skull base neoplasms between 2012 to 2018. The Skull Base Inventory (SBI), Anterior Skull Base (ASB), and Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) were administered up to 12 months post‐operatively. Mean change from baseline scores were compared with univariable and multivariable analyses.ResultsA total of 180 patients were included: 108 (60%) F and 72 (40%) M, of whom 126 (70%) underwent endoscopic and 54 (30%) underwent open approaches. Patients undergoing endoscopic approaches were more likely to have sellar or clival pathology (68 vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Those undergoing endoscopic approaches had better disease‐specific quality of life at one year using the SBI and ASB (mean change from baseline = 7.2 vs. 0.69, p = 0.004; 5.8 vs. −1.1, p = 0.002), respectively. On multivariable analysis, endoscopic approach was associated with greater improvement in overall quality of life (mean difference in change scores from baseline = 6.5, p = 0.009), as well as endocrine (mean difference = 8.3, p = 0.011), neurologic (mean difference = 8.3, p = 0.012), visual (mean difference = 7.9; p = 0.032), financial (mean difference = 9.7, p = 0.03), and spiritual domain scores (mean difference = 4.0, p = 0.035). Subgroup analyses of pituitary and non‐pituitary histopathologies demonstrated trends towards greater quality of life at 1‐year compared to baseline in the endoscopic approach compared to the open group.ConclusionsEndoscopic approaches are associated with better quality of life compared to open approaches. However, baseline differences in histopathology between the group limit the direct comparison of the open and endoscopic approaches. Future studies with larger and more homogenous samples are required.Level of EvidenceLevel IV evidence.
Corrosion Mechanisms, Responses, and Mitigation Strategies for Steel Piles in Offshore Wind Turbines: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Shao Wei , Du Xinyu , Zhang Wenbing , Shi Danda , Zhang Jiao , Tang Peng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWind energy offers significant advantages over fossil fuels, including extensive energy storage and environmental sustainability. Offshore wind turbines serve as the primary technology for harnessing offshore wind power. However, the corrosive effects of the marine environment pose serious threats to their safety and stability. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of corrosion issues affecting steel pipe pile infrastructure, focusing on the following key aspects: (1) Differentiating corrosion mechanisms under various environmental conditions, (2) analyzing the comprehensive corrosion response, particularly the changes in mechanical properties of the pile–soil interface and the bearing capacity of steel pile foundations, (3) summarizing the patterns and trends in corrosion processes to offer theoretical insights for engineering design, and (4) reviewing commonly employed corrosion prevention methods and their respective applicability in relation to specific corrosion mechanisms and responses.
Glutamine, Serine and Glycine at Increasing Concentrations Regulate Cisplatin Sensitivity in Gastric Cancer by Posttranslational Modifications of KDM4A
Authors: Fu Junhao , Ni Yuqi , Hu Yuqing , Tang Wanfen , Fu Jianfei , Wang Yue , Yu Shian , Xu Wenxia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGastric cancer is a common digestive system tumor with a high resistance rate that reduces the sensitivity to chemotherapy. Nutrition therapy is an important adjuvant approach to favor the prognosis of gastric cancer. Dietary amino acids contribute greatly to gastric cancer progression by mediating tumor gene expressions, epigenetics, signal transduction, and metabolic remodeling. In the present study, 20 types of amino acids were screened and glutamine, glycine and serine were identified as the critical regulators of cisplatin (DDP) sensitivity in gastric cancer cells. Moreover, KDM4A acetylation drove the reduced chemotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer cells by maintaining protein stability and activating DNA repair ability when the concentrations of glutamine (Gln), serine (Ser), and glycine (Gly) decreased. Conversely, Gln/Ser/Gly at increasing concentrations stimulated ubiquitination degradation of KDM4A, which in turn elevated the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy. Our findings unveiled the role of amino acid nutrition in regulating chemotherapy sensitivity of gastric cancer and the underlying mechanism, thus providing a scientific basis for expanding the clinical significance of nutrition therapy for gastric cancer patients.