bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial contributions to stepchildren: The role of gender and postdivorce family structure
Authors: Arat Ece , Poortman Anne‐Rigt 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study describes patterns in stepparents' financial contributions and investigates their correlates in diverse stepfamily types.BackgroundMost research has studied contributions at the household level, rarely focusing on stepparents' direct contributions. Including various stepfamily structures (e.g., stepfamilies with joint physical custody), we examine the role of gender and postdivorce family structure for stepparents' contributions.MethodOrdinal logistic regression analyses were conducted using the New Families in the Netherlands (NFN) survey, large‐scale data collected among divorced and separated parents with minor children (2015/2016). Reports of respondents with a new partner about this stepparent's financial contributions to a specific focal child were analyzed (N = 1,439).ResultsStepparents' contributions were infrequent, but a sizable minority contributed very often. Stepparents contributed more often when married, when the focal child was coresident, and when the other biological parent of the focal child was repartnered with new biological children, but less often when stepparents had children from a prior relationship.ConclusionContributions depend on the strength of ties within stepfamilies—as with coresidence and marriage—and to what extent existing biological ties compete with stepparent–child relationships.ImplicationsTo better understand the dynamics of contributions, we should also consider the composition of biological ties surrounding stepparent–child relationships.
Second opinion (external specialist referral) practice of breast pathology: the Nottingham experience
Authors: Rakha Emad A , Adebayo Luqman Adedotun , Abbas Areeg , Hodi Zsolt , Lee Andrew H S , Ellis Ian O 
Published: June 2023

AimsBreast pathology is a challenging field, and discrepancies in diagnoses exist and can affect patient management. This study aims to review a breast referral practice and assess the pattern and frequency of breast lesions sent for an external expert review and evaluate potential impacts on patients’ care.Methods and resultsSeven hundred and forty cases that were referred to Nottingham City Hospital for a second opinion between 2019 and 2022 which have slides and reports were retrieved and reviewed. Reasons for referral, initial diagnosis, proffered specialist opinion and any discrepancy or potential impacts of management were assessed. The most frequent entities were papillary lesions (19%), fibroepithelial lesions (17%), invasive carcinomas that were sent for confirmation of the invasive diagnosis or subtyping of the invasive tumour (17%), intraductal epithelial proliferation with atypia (9%) and spindle cell lesions (8%). Other entities included biphasic tumours such as adenomyoepithelioma, as well as vascular and nipple lesions. Few cases were sent for prognostic classification or comments on the management, and in occasional cases no initial diagnosis was offered. After reviewing the cases by the expert pathologists, the initial diagnosis was confirmed or one of the suggested diagnoses was preferred in 79% of cases, including 129 cases (17%) in which the opinion resulted minor changes in the management. Significant changes in the classification of lesions were made in 132 cases (18%) which resulted in significant change in the patient management recommendation. In 14 cases (2%) a final classification was not possible, and further specialist opinion was obtained. Comments on the differential diagnosis and advice on further patient management were provided in most cases.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the value of external referral of challenging, rare and difficult to classify breast lesions. It also highlights the most common breast lesions that are likely to be challenging, and specialist opinion can refine their classification to improve patient care.
Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B among Indigenous Australians in Queensland and the Torres Strait Islands
Authors: Littlejohn Margaret , Jaskowski Lesley‐Anne , Edwards Ros , Jackson Kathy , Yuen Lilly , Crawford Darrel , Locarnini Stephen A. , Cooksley Graham 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem for all Indigenous Australians. Post‐2000, Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence has decreased, although remaining four times higher among Indigenous compared with non‐Indigenous people.AimsThis study aimed to characterise the HBV from Indigenous populations in Queensland and the Torres Strait Islands.MethodsSerum samples were collected, with consent, from people within Queensland Indigenous communities prior to 1990 as part of the Queensland Health vaccination programme. Ethics approval was subsequently obtained to further characterise the HBV from 93 of these stored samples. HBV DNA was extracted and genotype was obtained from 82 samples. HBV full genome sequencing was carried out for a subset of 14 samples.ResultsSeventy‐eight samples were identified as genotype C (2 × C12, 3 × C13 and 73 × C14), one sample as genotype A (A2) and three samples as genotype D (1 × D2, 1 × D3 and 1 × D4). The HBV/C sequences identified were most closely related to sequences isolated from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia (Papua Province).ConclusionsThe HBV isolated from the Torres Strait Islanders was notably different to the HBV/C4 strain isolated from Indigenous people of mainland northern Australia, with no evidence of recombination. This reflects the differences in culture and origin between Torres Strait Islanders and mainland Indigenous people.
Peripheral blood stem cell mobilisation following bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone induction for multiple myeloma: a real‐world single‐centre experience
Authors: Sim Shirlene , Quach Hang , Pham Tina , Smooker Veronica , Filshie Robin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRd) is now the standard‐of‐care induction therapy for newly diagnosed transplant‐eligible multiple myeloma patients, replacing bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) therapy. Lenalidomide can negatively impact stem cell yield because of its myelosuppressive effects, although studies have shown that the latter can be overcome with the use of cyclophosphamide for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilisation.Aims and MethodsTo investigate whether lenalidomide impacts on PBSC mobilisation and to evaluate the optimal mobilisation strategy post VRd induction, we performed a retrospective review of 56 myeloma patients at a single centre who had PBSC mobilisation between January 2019 and March 2021 and compared three cohorts: (i) VCD induction; mobilisation with granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) alone (n = 23); (ii) four cycles VRd induction; mobilisation with G‐CSF and cyclophosphamide (G‐CSF + Cyclo) (n = 20); and (iii) three cycles VRd induction; mobilisation with G‐CSF alone (n = 13).ResultsThere was no difference in the mean total CD34 count between VCD and VRd patients who had G‐CSF mobilisation (6.27 × 106/kg vs 5.50 × 106/kg, P > 0.99). VRd patients mobilised with G‐CSF + Cyclo achieved higher mean total CD34 counts compared with G‐CSF alone (8.89 × 106/kg vs 5.50 × 106/kg, P = 0.04). The majority of VRd patients who had G‐CSF + Cyclo (19 of 20; 95%) collected sufficient cells for two or more autologous stem cell transplants (ASCTs), regardless of whether this was required, compared with eight of 13 (62%) VRd patients who had G‐CSF alone.ConclusionWe conclude that successful PBSC mobilisation for at least one ASCT is possible after three cycles of VRd induction using G‐CSF alone. The upfront use of a cyclophosphamide‐based mobilisation strategy has a role in patients who have had VRd induction, where the aim is to collect enough stem cells for two or more ASCTs.
Beyond the hype: A critical appraisal of the limitations and misconceptions of systematic reviews in the Oral pathology and medicine field
Authors: Guimarães Nathália Sernizon , Brennan Peter A. , Gomez Ricardo Santiago , Martins‐Chaves Roberta Rayra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSystematic reviews (SRs) have become a popular approach for evidence‐based practice, being considered a lens through which evidence is viewed and applied. However, several published studies have been identified as scoping reviews rather than SRs. This methodological error can negatively impact clinical decision‐making or new research conceptualization.AimThis letter focuses on the increasing number of SRs in oral pathology and medicine, highlighting the most frequent methodological mistakes.ResultsWe providing general guidance to help researchers conceptualize better their SRs and for the critical evaluation of SRs by scientific journal reviewers.ConclusionClinicians, pathologists, and reviewers, must ensure the quality of the published information.
Protein abundance in the midgut of wild tsetse flies (Glossina palpalis palpalis) naturally infected by Trypanosoma congolense s.l.
Authors: Tsagmo Jean Marc , Njiokou Flobert , Dziedziech Alexis , Rofidal Valerie , Hem Sonia , Geiger Anne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTsetse flies (Glossina spp.) are major vectors of African trypanosomes, causing either Human or Animal African Trypanosomiasis (HAT or AAT). Several approaches have been developed to control the disease, among which is the anti‐vector Sterile Insect Technique. Another approach to anti‐vector strategies could consist of controlling the fly's vector competence through hitherto unidentified regulatory factors (genes, proteins, biological pathways, etc.). The present work aims to evaluate the protein abundance in the midgut of wild tsetse flies (Glossina palpalis palpalis) naturally infected by Trypanosoma congolense s.l. Infected and non‐infected flies were sampled in two HAT/AAT foci in Southern Cameroon. After dissection, the proteomes from the guts of parasite‐infected flies were compared to that of uninfected flies to identify quantitative and/or qualitative changes associated with infection. Among the proteins with increased abundance were fructose‐1,6‐biphosphatase, membrane trafficking proteins, death proteins (or apoptosis proteins) and SERPINs (inhibitor of serine proteases, enzymes considered as trypanosome virulence factors) that displayed the highest increased abundance. The present study, together with previous proteomic and transcriptomic studies on the secretome of trypanosomes from tsetse fly gut extracts, provides data to be explored in further investigations on, for example, mammal host immunisation or on fly vector competence modification via para‐transgenic approaches.
The integrated relaxation pressure may not be an appropriate gold standard for deglutitive relaxation due to reliance on a single intragastric reference sensor
Authors: Fass Ofer Z. , Regalia Kirsten A. , Sweatt Andrew J. , Nandwani Monica C. , Zikos Thomas A. , Fernandez‐Becker Nielsen Q. , Nguyen Linda A. , Sonu Irene S. , Triadafilopoulos George , Clarke John O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntegrated relaxation pressure (IRP) calculation depends on the selection of a single gastric reference sensor. Variable gastric pressure readings due to sensor selection can lead to diagnostic uncertainty. This study aimed to examine the effect of gastric reference sensor selection on IRP measurement and diagnosis.MethodsWe identified high‐resolution manometry (HRM) conducted between January and November 2017 with at least six intragastric reference sensors. IRP measurements and Chicago Classification 3.0 (CCv3) diagnoses were obtained for each of six gastric reference sensors. Studies were categorized as “stable” (no change in diagnosis) or “variable” (change in diagnosis with gastric reference selection). Variable diagnoses were further divided into “variable normal/dysmotility” (≥1 normal IRP measurement and ≥1 CCv3 diagnosis), or “variable dysmotility” (≥1 CCv3 diagnosis, only elevated IRP measurements). Bland–Altman plots were used to compare IRP measurements within HRM studies.Key ResultsThe analysis included 100 HRM studies, among which 18% had variable normal/dysmotility, and 10% had variable dysmotility. The average IRP difference between reference sensors was 6.7 mmHg for variable normal/dysmotility and 5.9 mmHg for variable dysmotility. The average difference between the proximal‐most and distal‐most sensors was −1.52 mmHg (lower limit of agreement −10.03 mmHg, upper limit of agreement 7.00 mmHg).Conclusions & InferencesIRP values can vary greatly depending on the reference sensor used, leading to inconsistent diagnoses in 28% of HRM studies. Choosing the correct gastric reference sensor is crucial for accurate test results and avoiding misdiagnosis. Standardization of reference sensor selection or supportive testing for uncertain results should be considered.
Hypersensitivity reaction during enzyme replacement therapy in lysosomal storage disorders. A systematic review of desensitization strategies
Authors: Spataro Federico , Carlucci Palma , Loverre Teresa , Macchia Luigi , Di Bona Danilo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are rare genetic metabolic disorders that cause the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in lysosomes due to enzyme deficiency or reduced function. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) represents the gold standard treatment, but hypersensitivity reaction can occur resulting in treatment discontinuation. Thus, desensitization procedures for different culprit recombinant enzymes can be performed to restore ERT. We searched desensitization procedures performed in LSDs and focused on skin test results, protocols and premedication performed, and breakthrough reactions occurred during infusions. Fifty‐two patients have been subjected to desensitization procedures successfully. Skin tests, with the culprit recombinant enzyme, deemed positive in 29 cases, doubtful in two cases, and not performed in four patients. Moreover, 29 of the 52 desensitization protocols used at the first infusion were breakthrough reaction free. Different desensitization strategies have proved safe and effective in restoring ERT in patients with previous hypersensitivity reactions. Most of these events seem to be Type I hypersensitivity reactions (IgE‐mediated). Standardized in vivo and in vitro testing is necessary to better estimate the risk of the procedure and find the safest individualized desensitization protocol.
A key to totipotency: Wuschel‐like homeobox 2a unlocks embryogenic culture response in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: McFarland Frank L. , Collier Ray , Walter Nathalie , Martinell Brian , Kaeppler Shawn M. , Kaeppler Heidi F. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe ability of plant somatic cells to dedifferentiate, form somatic embryos and regenerate whole plants in vitro has been harnessed for both clonal propagation and as a key component of plant genetic engineering systems. Embryogenic culture response is significantly limited, however, by plant genotype in most species. This impedes advancements in both plant transformation‐based functional genomics research and crop improvement efforts. We utilized natural variation among maize inbred lines to genetically map somatic embryo generation potential in tissue culture and identify candidate genes underlying totipotency. Using a series of maize lines derived from crosses involving the culturable parent A188 and the non‐responsive parent B73, we identified a region on chromosome 3 associated with embryogenic culture response and focused on three candidate genes within the region based on genetic position and expression pattern. Two candidate genes showed no effect when ectopically expressed in B73, but the gene Wox2a was found to induce somatic embryogenesis and embryogenic callus proliferation. Transgenic B73 cells with strong constitutive expression of the B73 and A188 coding sequences of Wox2a were found to produce somatic embryos at similar frequencies, demonstrating that sufficient expression of either allele could rescue the embryogenic culture phenotype. Transgenic B73 plants were regenerated from the somatic embryos without chemical selection and no pleiotropic effects were observed in the Wox2a overexpression lines in the regenerated T0 plants or in the two independent events which produced T1 progeny. In addition to linking natural variation in tissue culture response to Wox2a, our data support the utility of Wox2a in enabling transformation of recalcitrant genotypes.
Efficacy of ultrasonographic caudal vena cava to aorta ratios for quantifying canine parvoviral enteritis rehydration
Authors: Balıkçı Canberk , Gülersoy Erdem , Şahan Adem , Günal Ismail 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuantifying changes in intravascular fluid volume is important for treatment planning and follow‐up assessment in dogs with dehydration. Recently, it has been reported that current standard methods used to estimate intravascular fluid volume in dogs are inadequate, invasive, or have complications such as thrombosis. The ultrasonographic ratio of dimensions for the caudal vena cava relative to the aorta (CVC/Ao) has been previously described as a promising, noninvasive method for quantifying changes in blood volume in dogs. This prospective observational study aimed to describe ultrasonographic CVC/Ao values before and after fluid replacement in a sample of dogs with varying degrees of dehydration due to naturally‐occurring canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE), test correlations between this measure and clinical dehydration scores and determine the clinical efficacy of this measure for fluid therapy follow‐up. The clinical dehydration score of 30 dogs naturally infected with canine parvovirus was determined at the first admission using standard clinical scoring methods, and then CVC/Ao was measured ultrasonographically. Following initial fluid therapy, the clinical dehydration scores and ultrasonographic CVC/Ao values were remeasured. On the basis of receiver operating characteristic analyses, ultrasonographic CVC/Ao was found to be a more sensitive and specific indicator than physical examination‐based methods for estimating intravascular fluid alterations in dogs with dehydration due to parvovirus and rehydration following fluid therapy. Findings supported the use of this measure for treatment planning and follow‐up in future dogs presenting with dehydration.
G-Puzzle: Infilling 3D Models With Reinforced G-Lattices
Authors: Armanfar Arash , Ustundag Ersan , Gunpinar Erkan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
G-Lattices (proposed by Armanfar and Gunpinar) are a group of novel periodic and strut-based lattice structures for additive manufacturing. It has been demonstrated that these structures have superior mechanical properties under compression compared to conventional lattice structures. This paper introduces an extension of G-Lattices (i.e., reinforced G-Lattices) that also have better mechanical performance under inclined (compression) loading conditions. For different inclined loads, separate reinforced G-Lattices are first optimized, and a G-Lattice library is formed. For a part under loading, displacement vectors in each unit cell (cubic domains within the inner region of the part) are then extracted. Based on these vectors, (pre-optimized) reinforced G-Lattices are selected from the G-Lattice library and utilized (as infills) in the unit cells. This process is called G-Puzzling. As a proof of concept, parts under three different inclined loading conditions are infilled using reinforced G-Lattices and investigated based on stiffness-over-volume ratios. According to these experiments, the resulting parts, on average, exhibit more than 30% better mechanical performance compared to FBCCZ (a conventional lattice structure).
Characterization of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: cellular properties and prognostic significance
Authors: Zou Xuan , Lin Xuan , Cheng He , Chen Yusheng , Wang Ruijie , Ma Mingjian , Liu Yu , Dai Zhengjie , Tasiheng Yesboli , Yan Yu , Hou Qinqin , Ding Fei , Chen Huan , Yu Xianjun , Wang Xu , Liu Chen 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundTumor-associated tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are functional immune-responsive niches that are not fully understood in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsFluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry was performed on sequential sections of surgically resected tumor tissues from 380 PDAC patients without preoperative treatment (surgery alone (SA)) and 136 patients pretreated with neoadjuvant treatment (NAT). Multispectral images were processed via machine learning and image processing platforms, inForm V.2.4 and HALO V.3.2; TLS regions were segmented, and the cells were identified and quantified. The cellular composition and immunological properties of TLSs and their adjacent tissues in PDAC were scored and compared, and their association with prognosis was further examined.ResultsIntratumoral TLSs were identified in 21.1% (80/380) of patients in the SA group and 15.4% (21/136) of patients in the NAT group. In the SA group, the presence of intratumoral TLSs was significantly associated with improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival. The existence of intratumoral TLSs was correlated with elevated levels of infiltrating CD8+T, CD4+T, B cells and activated immune cells in adjacent tissues. A nomogram model was generated with TLS presence as a variable, which successfully predicted PDAC patient OS in an external validation cohort (n=123). In the NAT group, samples exhibited a lower proportion of B cells and a higher proportion of regulatory T cells within intratumoral TLSs. Additionally, these TLSs were smaller in size, with a lower overall maturation level and reduced immune cell activation, and the prognostic value of TLS presence was insignificant in the NAT cohort.ConclusionOur study systematically revealed the cellular properties and prognostic values of intratumoral TLSs in PDAC and described the potential impact of NAT on TLS development and function.