bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivation states to move, be physically active and sedentary vary like circadian rhythms and are associated with affect and arousal
Authors: Budnick Christopher J. , Stults-Kolehmainen Matthew , Dadina Cyrus , Bartholomew John B. , Boullosa Daniel , Ash Garret I. , Sinha Rajita , Blacutt Miguel , Haughton Adrian , Lu Tom 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionMotivation to be physically active and sedentary is a transient state that varies in response to previous behavior. It is not known: (a) if motivational states vary from morning to evening, (b) if they are related to feeling states (arousal/hedonic tone), and (c) whether they predict current behavior and intentions. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if motivation states vary across the day and in what pattern. Thirty adults from the United States were recruited from Amazon MTurk.MethodsParticipants completed 6 identical online surveys each day for 8 days beginning after waking and every 2–3 h thereafter until bedtime. Participants completed: (a) the CRAVE scale (Right now version) to measure motivation states for Move and Rest, (b) Feeling Scale, (c) Felt Arousal Scale, and (d) surveys about current movement behavior (e.g., currently sitting, standing, laying down) and intentions for exercise and sleep. Of these, 21 participants (mean age 37.7 y; 52.4% female) had complete and valid data.ResultsVisual inspection of data determined that: a) motivation states varied widely across the day, and b) most participants had a single wave cycle each day. Hierarchical linear modelling revealed that there were significant linear and quadratic time trends for both Move and Rest. Move peaked near 1500 h when Rest was at its nadir. Cosinor analysis determined that the functional waveform was circadian for Move for 81% of participants and 62% for Rest. Pleasure/displeasure and arousal independently predicted motivation states (all p's &lt; .001), but arousal had an association twice as large. Eating, exercise and sleep behaviors, especially those over 2 h before assessment, predicted current motivation states. Move-motivation predicted current body position (e.g., laying down, sitting, walking) and intentions for exercise and sleep more consistently than rest, with the strongest prediction of behaviors planned for the next 30 min.DiscussionWhile these data must be replicated with a larger sample, results suggest that motivation states to be active or sedentary have a circadian waveform for most people and influence future behavioral intentions. These novel results highlight the need to rethink the traditional approaches typically utilized to increase physical activity levels.
Kinematic and kinetic comparison between preprofessional pitchers from the Dominican Republic and the United States
Authors: Nicholson Kristen F. , Mylott Joseph A. , Hulburt Tessa C. , Hamer Tyler J. , Bullock Garrett S. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPitching biomechanical efficiency is defined as the association between pitch velocity and arm kinetics. Pitching mechanics inefficiency, an increase in arm kinetics without the resultant increase in pitch velocity, can lead to increased arm strain, increasing arm injury risk. The purpose of this study was to compare arm kinetics, elbow varus torque and shoulder force, in preprofessional United States (US) and Dominican Republic (DR) pitchers. Kinematics that are known to influence elbow varus torque and shoulder force as well as a representative of pitch velocity (hand velocity) were also compared.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on baseball pitchers from the DR and US who participated in biomechanical evaluations conducted by the University biomechanics laboratory personnel. Three-dimensional biomechanical analyses were performed on US (n = 37) and DR (n = 37) baseball pitchers. Potential differences between US and DR pitchers were assessed through analysis of covariance with 95% confidence intervals [95% confidence Interval (CI)].ResultsPreprofessional DR pitchers experienced increased elbow varus torque compared with their US counterparts [DR: 7.5 (1.1); US: 5.9 (1.1) %BWxH; Beta: −2.0 (95% CI: −2.7, −1.2) %BWxH], despite throwing fastballs with slower hand velocity [DR: 3,967.1 (939.4); US: 5,109.1 (613.8) °/s; Beta: 1,129.5 (95% CI: 677.5, 1,581.4) °/s]. DR and US pitchers demonstrated similar shoulder force [DR: 136.8 (23.8); US: 155.0 (25.7); Beta: 0.4 (95% CI: −1.2, 19.7) %BW].DiscussionIncreased elbow varus torque although decreased hand velocity suggests inefficient pitching mechanics among DR pitchers. Inefficient pitching mechanics and increased elbow torque should be considered when developing training programs and pitching plans for professional pitchers from the Dominican Republic.
Impact of ergot alkaloid and steroidal implant on whole-body protein turnover and expression of mTOR pathway proteins in muscle of cattle
Authors: Ferguson Taylor D. , Loos Caroline M. M. , Vanzant Eric S. , Urschel Kristine L. , Klotz James L. , McLeod Kyle R. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionHolstein steers (n = 32) were used to determine if the ergot analog, bromocriptine decreases muscle protein synthesis through inhibitory action on the mTOR pathway via a direct effect on signal proteins, and if these negative effects can be alleviated with anabolic agents.MethodsSteers were treated with intramuscular administration of bromocriptine (vehicle or 0.1 mg/kg BW) and a subdermal commercial steroidal implant containing trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol 17β (with or without), in a 2×2 factorial design. During the 35 day experiment, intake was restricted to 1.5 times maintenance energy requirement. On days 27 through 32, steers were moved to metabolism stalls for urine collection, and whole-body protein turnover was determined using a single pulse dose of [15N] glycine into the jugular vein on day 28. On day 35, skeletal muscle samples were collected before (basal state) and 60 min after (stimulated state) an i.v. glucose challenge (0.25 g glucose/kg). Blood samples were collected at regular intervals before and after glucose infusion for determination of circulating concentrations of glucose and insulin.ResultsBromocriptine reduced insulin and glucose clearance following the glucose challenge, indicating decreased insulin sensitivity and possible disruption of glucose uptake and metabolism in the skeletal muscle. Conversely, analysis of whole-body protein turnover demonstrated that bromocriptine does not appear to affect protein synthesis or urea excretion. Western immunoblot analysis of skeletal muscle showed that it did not affect abundance of S6K1 or 4E-BP1, so bromocriptine does not appear to inhibit activation of the mTOR pathway or protein synthesis. Estradiol/TBA implant decreased urea excretion and protein turnover but had no effect on protein synthesis, suggesting that steroidal implants promote protein accretion through unchanged rates of synthesis and decreased degradation, even in the presence of bromocriptine, resulting in improved daily gains. Implanted steers likely experienced increased IGF-1 signaling, but downstream activation of mTOR, S6K and 4E-BP1, and thus increased protein synthesis did not occur as expected.ConclusionsOverall, this data suggests that bromocriptine does not have a negative impact on muscle protein synthetic pathways independent of DMI.
The Effect of Cu Addition on Corrosion Resistance of Al-Si-Mg-Cr Alloy
Authors: Wang Zhige , Dong Liang , Hu Bin , Chen Bin 
Published: April 2023

Two kinds of alloys with and without the addition of Cu, Al-7%Si-0.3%Mg-0.3%Cr and Al-7%Si-0.3%Mg-0.3%Cr-1.5%Cu, are studied in this work. The addition of Cu can notably improve notably the strength of Al alloy but it reduces its corrosion resistance. In this study, the electrochemical workstation is used to measure the open circuit potential and polarization curve of alloys and immersion corrosion is carried out. SEM and TEM images are taken before and after immersion corrosion to observe the pitting and intergranular corrosion of the alloy. Results show that the addition of Cu accelerates the immersion corrosion rate of Al alloy by 26.8% to 269.2%. This affects the peak ageing and overageing samples the most. The influence is less evident for underaged samples. At the same time, the addition of Cu aggravates the aggregation of pitting corrosion in the primary step of corrosion of Al alloy and the intergranular corrosion around and within the pitting hole. β″-Mg5Si6 precipitates and θ″-Al3Cu precipitates are observed in Al-7%Si-0.3%Mg-0.3%Cr-1.5%Cu alloy. The Cu atoms occupy Si3/Al site of β″ and segregate at the edge of β″. It is believed that the deterioration of corrosion performance essentially is attributed to the Si-enriched particles, Al13Cr4Si4 phase and the Cu-enriched precipitates, β″-Mg5Si6 precipitates and θ″-Al3Cu precipitates.
Análise temporal das atividades de extensão da graduação em biotecnologia - 2010-2019
Authors: Sinott Airton , Dos Santos Ana Lara Jardim , Rocha Beatriz Helena Gomes , Dutra Davi Barwaldt , Zugno Giuliana Petiz , Dode Luciana Bicca , Bobrowski Vera Lucia 
Published: April 2023

Atividades extensionistas representam um dos pilares da formação universitária, compondo conjuntamente a pesquisa e o ensino as bases da almejada formação acadêmica cidadã e socialmente comprometida . O Curso de Bacharelado em Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas integra o Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTEC), e promove diversas atividades de extensão desde 2010. Esta pesquisa teve como propósito compilar as ações de extensão registradas no período de 2010 à 2019, registrando de forma organizada programas e projetos e quantificando os esforços extensionistas da comunidade acadêmica. Foram reunidos os dados compreendendo o período 2010-2019 disponibilizados nos sistemas Cobalto e SIEX. Ao todo, o curso de biotecnologia desenvolveu no período mais de 17 projetos de extensão, contando com significativa participação e envolvimento da comunidade acadêmica reforçando a vocação do curso e o compromisso em prol da popularização da ciência e da biotecnologia.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Melayani Terhadap Motivasi Bawahan Dalam Melayani Publik: Peran Mediasi Personaliti Agreeableness (Studi Pada Organisasi Publik Di Indonesia)
Authors: Amir Diah Astrini , Sallatu Muhammad Afif 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pengaruh kepemimpinan melayani terhadap motivasi bawahan dalam melayani publik. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan menguji potensi peran mediasi personaliti agreeableness pada pengaruh kepemimpinan melayani pada motivasi bawahan dalam melayani publik. Sebanyak 132 responden yang berpatisipasi dalam mengisi kuesioner. Namun demikian, hanya 108 data responden yang memenuhi syrat untuk pengujian lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini menggunakan non-probabiliy sampling dengan teknis purposive sampling yakni dengan menetapkan kriteria responden yang bekerja di organisasi publik di Indonesia, telah bekerja selama satu tahun di organisasi tersebut, dan minimal telah bekerjasama dengan atasan yang dinilai selama satu tahun. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan mediated regression analysis dengan bantuan alat statistik SPSS. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan melayani berpengaruh positif signifikan pada motivasi bawahan dalam melayani publik secara langsung dan secara tidak langsung dapat dimediasi penuh oleh personaliti agreeableness. Penjelasan mengenai hasil temuan disajikan pada bagian pembahasan.
أثر البيئة الرقمية على المفاهيم التأصيلية في القانون المدني "الامتداد الرقمي للشخصية الإنسانية مثالاً … الحياة والموت الرقمي/ "قراء في الموقف التشريعي الأردني "الحالي" و"المنتظر" في ضوء الموقف التشريعي الأوربي والفرنسي
Authors: الخطيب محمد 
Published: April 2023

تقدم الورقة دراسةً أكاديمية تأصيلية تبحث في أثر البيئة الرقمية على واحدة من أهم المفاهيم القانونية الراسخة في أدبيات القانون المدني، ونعني بها فكرة: "الشخصية الإنسانية" التي سجلت تحولين رئيسين أحدهما يرتبط بـ: "الحياة الرقمية" والثاني بـ: "الموت الرقمي"، وذلك وفق منهج تحليلي مقارن يعرض للموقف التشريعي "الحالي" و"المنتظر" للمشرع الأردني حيال هذين الأمرين، والجهود التشريعية للمشرع الأوربي والفرنسي الجارية ضمن ذلك. وذلك وفق مخطط بحثي يعرض في قسمه الأول لـ: البيئة الرقمية والحياة "الرقمية"، بينما يتناول قسمه الثاني: البيئة الرقمية والموت "الرقمي".
وقد انتهى البحث لخلاصتين رئيستين: مؤكداً في الجانب التأصلي، حقيقة الامتداد الرقمي للشخصية الإنسانية، والافتقاد الفعلي للتنظيم التشريعي لهذا الامتداد في الجانب المقارن، لاسيما فيما يتصل بالموت الرقمي. مشدداً على ضرورة تحرك المشرع الأردني ضمن هذا الإطار، سواء فيما يرتبط باحترام الحق بالخصوصية المرتبط بالحياة الرقمية. بما فيها معالجة أوجه القصور التشريعي المرتبطة بمقترح مشروع القانون الخاص بحماية البيانات الشخصية، أو سد الفراغ التشريعي المرتبط بالموت الرقمي، ووضع الضوابط القانونية التي تنظم قضايا الوصية والإرث الرقمي.
آملاً في أن تشكل هذه الدراسة إحدى معايير المراجعة التشريعية والفقهية لديه، كما البناء المستقبلي لموقف تشريعي أكثر استشرافاً وإكتمالاً
Disrupsi Teknologi Tanggung Jawab Guru Bagi Pelaku dan Korban Cyberbulyling
Authors: Legi Hendrik , Kainara Semi Darius 
Published: April 2023

Di era digital, perkembangan teknologi telah memberikan pengaruh besar pada munculnya cyberbullying. Cyberbullying adalah tindakan merugikan dan berdampak negatif terhadap korban yang dapat memicu masalah psikologis dan emosional dalam jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, tanggung jawab guru sangat penting dalam mengatasi masalah ini. Guru harus memberi pemahaman kepada peserta didik tentang bahaya cyberbullying, membuat kebijakan sekolah, menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang aman, menyelesaikan masalah cyberbullying, dan memperbaiki hubungan antara korban dan pelaku. Beberapa solusi lain untuk mengatasi cyberbullying yaitu pelatihan penggunaan teknologi untuk guru, sekolah dapat berkolaborasi dengan orang tua, pelatihan dan bimbingan untuk siswa, mengembangkan sikap positif kepada siswa, perlindungan dan dukungan bagi korban, dan pengembangan dan penerapan teknologi terbarukan. Dengan tindakan dan solusi yang tepat, cyberbullying dapat dicegah dan diatasi. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode Studi literatur dan pendekatan deskriptif analitik digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya cyberbullying dan bagaimana tanggung jawab guru dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidik memainkan peran penting dalam memerangi cyberbullying dan peran lingkungan belajar yang aman dan positif dapat menekan terjadinya perilaku cyberbullying. Kecanduan teknologi dapat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan cyberbullying. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi semua pihak, termasuk pendidik, orang tua, dan siswa, untuk berkolaborasi dan memperhatikan hal-hal tersebut guna menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang aman dan positif bagi semua. Tindakan dan solusi yang tepat dapat membantu mengatasi dan mencegah cyberbullying.
Comparison of the Core-collapse Evolution of Two Nearly Equal-mass Progenitors
Authors: Bruenn Stephen W. , Sieverding Andre , Lentz Eric J. , Sukhbold Tuguldur , Hix W. Raphael , Huk Leah N. , Harris J. Austin , Messer O. E. Bronson , Mezzacappa Anthony 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We compare the core-collapse evolution of a pair of 15.8 M
☉ stars with significantly different internal structures, a consequence of the bimodal variability exhibited by massive stars during their late evolutionary stages. The 15.78 and 15.79 M
☉ progenitors have core masses (masses interior to an entropy of 4 k
B baryon−1) of 1.47 and 1.78 M
☉ and compactness parameters ξ
1.75 of 0.302 and 0.604, respectively. The core-collapse simulations are carried out in 2D to nearly 3 s postbounce and show substantial differences in the times of shock revival and explosion energies. The 15.78 M
☉ model begins exploding promptly at 120 ms postbounce when a strong density decrement at the Si–Si/O shell interface, not present in the 15.79 M
☉ progenitor, encounters the stalled shock. The 15.79 M
☉ model takes 100 ms longer to explode but ultimately produces a more powerful explosion. Both the larger mass accretion rate and the more massive core of the 15.79 M
☉ model during the first 0.8 s postbounce time result in larger ν

e
/

ν

¯

e

luminosities and RMS energies along with a flatter and higher-density heating region. The more-energetic explosion of the 15.79 M
☉ model resulted in the ejection of twice as much 56Ni. Most of the ejecta in both models are moderately proton rich, though counterintuitively the highest electron fraction (Y

e
= 0.61) ejecta in either model are in the less-energetic 15.78 M
☉ model, while the lowest electron fraction (Y

e
= 0.45) ejecta in either model are in the 15.79 M
☉ model.
Digital empathy in online education: A comparison study between Portugal and Romania
Authors: Duarte Alexandre , Surugiu Romina , Moraru Madalina , Marinescu Valentina 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to present the extent to which online education influenced the level of empathy displayed by university students. The research relies on a self-evaluated applied survey in two European countries: Portugal and Romania. The participants in this research are 1,085 students enrolled in Communication Studies programs. The purpose of this study is to unfold the connection between gender, exposure to digital technology, empathy level according to the Basic Empathy Scale applied to young adults, and online education self-perception that involves the use of webcams. Empathy can have positive effects on students’ satisfaction and increase students’ outcomes. The shift from a physical environment to a digital one brought significant challenges that most students and teachers were not ready for. The digital environment influences how empathy is expressed. The present research found evidence of a relationship between exposure to technology usage, emotional contagion, and gender. This suggests that understanding the emotions of others might be inhibited during digital education. Also, the most relevant factor of empathy variation in online education is gender. The findings of the present research may contribute to the design of activities or programs that could foster empathy expression during online education for young adults.
Este estudio pretende presentar la medida en que la educación en línea influyó en el nivel de empatía de los estudiantes universitarios. Basada en una encuesta aplicada y autoevaluada en Portugal y Rumanía, participaron 1.085 estudiantes matriculados en programas de Ciencias de la Comunicación. El propósito de este estudio es desvelar la conexión entre el género, la exposición a la tecnología digital, el nivel de empatía según la escala BES aplicada a adultos jóvenes y la autopercepción de la educación en línea que implica el uso de cámaras web. La empatía tiene efectos positivos en la satisfacción de los estudiantes y aumenta sus resultados educativos. El cambio del entorno físico al digital trajo importantes desafíos para los que la mayoría de los estudiantes y profesores no estaban preparados. El entorno digital influye en cómo se expresa la empatía. Se han encontrado evidencias de una relación entre el uso de la tecnología, el contagio emocional y el género. Esto sugiere que el factor más relevante de variación de la empatía en la educación en línea es el género y que la comprensión de las emociones de los demás puede inhibirse durante la educación digital. Los hallazgos de la presente investigación pueden contribuir al diseño de actividades o programas que fomenten la expresión de empatía durante la educación en línea para adultos jóvenes.
Tous les chemins mènent à Rome : Une perspective schatzkienne sur les pratiques de transition aux normes IFRS
Authors: Audousset-Coulier Sophie , Naaman Christine , Tekathen Matthäus 
Published: April 2023

Cette étude offre un éclairage sur les pratiques de transition aux normes IFRS qui représentent un enjeu majeur pour les organisations et la fonction comptable. Comparativement aux recherches antérieures qui suggèrent que les entreprises suivent toutes un même chemin de transition vers les IFRS, cette étude révèle plusieurs chemins de transition distincts en s’appuyant sur l’analyse qualitative de sept entreprises canadiennes. Les entreprises étudiées ont suivi des chemins de transition vers les IFRS variés ; maîtrisé, apprenant, commode, précipité, en expansion, autonome ou efficace. Suivant la théorie de la pratique de Schatzki (2002), l'étude montre, en outre, comment le contexte dans lequel et dans le cadre duquel une organisation passe aux IFRS produit une intelligibilité pratique située incitant à suivre un des nombreux chemins possibles vers les IFRS. Cette constatation contribue à notre compréhension de ce qui influence la façon dont les entreprises passent aux IFRS et met en évidence le rôle important du contexte qui offre une intelligibilité pratique située pour la mise en œuvre des pratiques de transition.
Le pari de la raison. Manifeste pour l’histoire
Authors: Hobsbawm Eric J. 
Published: April 2023

Du prétendu « choc des civilisations » à la très réelle crise sociale, des angoisses existentielles aux replis identitaires, tout pousse à relancer les travaux des historiens pour comprendre l’évolution des êtres humains et des sociétés. Au cours des dernières décennies, le relativisme, en histoire, a souvent marché du même pas que le consensus politique. Il est temps, au contraire, de « reconstruire un front de la raison » pour promouvoir une nouvelle conception de l’histoire, comme y invite l’un des plus grands historiens contemporains, Eric Hobsbawm, dont nous publions le discours de conclusion au colloque de l’Académie britannique sur l’historiographie marxiste, prononcé le 13 novembre 2004.
« Routes migratoires », retour sur une notion
Authors: Touré Niandou , Arab Chadia 
Published: April 2023

Popularisée au tournant des années 1990-2000, la notion de « routes migratoires », couramment mobilisée dans le cadre de l’action publique, notamment de l’Union européenne, désigne non seulement les voies (maritime, terrestre ou aérienne) empruntées par les migrants internes ou internationaux, mais elle vise aussi à rendre compte de la complexité des réseaux sociaux, des chaînes migratoires et des multiples sinuosités qui constituent les étapes du trajet migratoire et les contraintes auxquelles doivent faire face les migrants. Dans cette introduction au dossier, nous reviendrons dans un premier temps sur la notion de « routes migratoires » afin de mieux en définir les contours, ce qui permettra d’en souligner la pertinence dans l’analyse des migrations internationales actuelles. Ensuite, nous présenterons quelques traits communs aux « routes migratoires » à travers le monde aujourd’hui, qui se caractérisent de façon paradoxale par leur dangerosité de plus en plus accrue face à laquelle les migrants font preuve de plus en plus d’ingéniosité et de résilience. Enfin, dans la troisième et dernière partie, nous présenterons les différentes contributions réunies dans ce dossier, qui se donne pour objet de saisir l’actualité des « routes migratoires » à partir de quelques exemples emblématiques.