bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of postpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorder requiring admission: A nationwide study from Denmark
Authors: Hauge Charlotte , Rohde Christopher , Østergaard Søren D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPostpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorders are psychiatric emergencies associated with risk of suicide and infanticide. Except from case reports, there are only few descriptions of its treatment. Therefore, we aimed to describe the treatment of women admitted with postpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorder in Denmark with emphasis on the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).MethodsWe conducted a register‐based cohort study of all women with incident postpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorder (no prior diagnoses of psychotic‐ or mood disorder or treatment with ECT) requiring admission in the period from 2011 to 2018. For these patients, we described the treatment and the 6‐month readmission risk.ResultsWe identified 91 women with postpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorder with a median admission length of 27 days (interquartile range: 10–45). Of those, 19% received ECT with a median time from admission to first ECT of 10 days (interquartile range: 5–16). The median number of ECT sessions was eight (interquartile range: 7–12). In the 6 months following discharge, 90% of the women received some form of psychopharmacological treatment (62% antipsychotics, 56% antidepressants, 36% anxiolytics/sedatives, 19% lithium, and 9% mood stabilizing antiepileptics), and 31% were readmitted.ConclusionPsychiatric admission for incident postpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorder is rare in Denmark. Among those admitted, ECT and psychopharmacological treatment is commonly used. The 6‐month readmission risk is high, warranting close follow‐up. The fact that there is no international consensus on the optimal treatment of postpartum psychotic‐ or mood disorder is problematic and calls for action.
The story of the great computer
Authors: Cool Alison 
Published: June 2023

SummaryWhat can sci‐fi novels, language‐learning exercises, research databases, and gossip magazines tell us about Sweden? The strict word limits of flash ethnography invite playful approaches to theoretical impasses. In this piece, written for a special section on flash ethnography, I return to longstanding anthropological dilemmas—how to distinguish between humans and computers, where technology meets society—to experiment with a new genre of creative nonfiction.
Retirement project
Authors: Cohen Lawrence 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis piece honors the work of Katie Stewart through the form of the “hundred.” Invoking Stewart's figure of attunement in the context of park cruising, I write about the relation of stories to forms of life from which one may be estranged in time. Against anthropology's magic—in which story emerges as something like a perfectible form—a fragment is offered, some context for words exchanged in a park, opening perhaps to another mode of narration.
Grace's paradise requiem beast‐time love story: Belize 2022
Authors: Little Kenneth 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis story is part of a special section in honor of Kathleen Stewart, who is ever mindful of how we language what we world. My story is written as an exercise in poetic force, generating the life of beast‐signs and backtalk, which were fundamental concepts in Stewart's early writing. In this “hundreds,” Miss Grace tells a disaster story meant to encourage a scanning for signs of “the beast” in the trauma of a deadly Caribbean hurricane that destroyed her beachside village leaving only anguish and hordes of tourist investors in its wake. Miss Grace worlds beast‐time encounters with some'ting crazy, as vibratory conjurations and transductions, as in some quality of an accidental discovery of feelings. I turn to the power of crazy, fluid connections through which Grace's sea‐stormy encounters became a make‐believe space that composed itself as a dense entanglement of sensation, attention, and matter. I re‐imagine the evidence of Grace's beast‐time affective economy as a dynamized force, co‐constituting enactments of trauma and curiosity, attempts to find room to maneuver in a new tourist real, on a beach, in Belize.
A multidimensional account of social justice for global health research
Authors: Pratt Bridget 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA transformation of global health research is urgently needed if it is to eliminate long‐standing structural inequities within the field and help reduce global health disparities. Ethics has a key role to play in fostering such a transformation: it can help identify what the transformation should entail. Yet, ethics scholarship linking global health research to greater equity and social justice has limited authority and capacity to do so for two related reasons: it largely fails to apply theories and concepts of justice from the global South and it says little about whether or how to address the coloniality and epistemic injustices inherent within global health research. This paper develops a multidimensional social justice lens using social justice and decolonial theory from the global North and global South. This lens identifies five core dimensions of social justice: power, recognition, harmony, inclusion, and well‐being. This paper then applies the multidimensional lens to the global health research context. For each dimension of social justice, several key ways to transform global health research are identified and described. They include shifting control of global health research funding, education, conduct, and publishing away from the global North and making knowledge from the global South visible and valued. To conclude, potential objections are considered.
Relationships between physical and immunological tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Igata Yu , Kojima Motohiro , Suzuki Toshiyuki , Ishii Genichiro , Morisue Ryo , Suzuki Toshihiro , Kudo Masashi , Sugimoto Motokazu , Kobayashi Shin , Martin John D. , Stylianopoulos Triantafyllos , Cabral Horacio , Kano Mitsunobu R. , Konishi Masaru , Gotohda Naoto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is physically palpated as a hard tumor with an unfavorable prognosis. Assessing physical features and their association with pathological features could help to elucidate the mechanism of physical abnormalities in cancer tissues. A total of 93 patients who underwent radical surgery for pancreatic and bile duct cancers at a single center hospital during a 28‐month period were recruited for this study that aimed to estimate the stiffness of PDAC tissues compared to the other neoplasms and assess relationships between tumor stiffness and pathological features. Physical alterations and pathological features of PDAC, with or without preoperative therapy, were analyzed. The immunological tumor microenvironment was evaluated using multiplexed fluorescent immunohistochemistry. The stiffness of PDAC correlated with the ratio of Azan‐Mallory staining, α‐smooth muscle actin, and collagen I‐positive areas of the tumors. Densities of CD8+ T cells and CD204+ macrophages were associated with tumor stiffness in cases without preoperative therapy. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with preoperative therapy was softer than that without, and the association between tumor stiffness and immune cell infiltration was not shown after preoperative therapy. We observed the relationship between tumor stiffness and immunological features in human PDAC for the first time. Immune cell densities in the tumor center were smaller in hard tumors than in soft tumors without preoperative therapies. Preoperative therapy could alter physical and immunological aspects, warranting further study. Understanding of the correlations between physical and immunological aspects could lead to the development of new therapies.
Drivers and sustainability of bird hunting in Madagascar
Authors: Borgerson Cortni , Bankoff Richard J. , Golden Christopher D. , Razafindrapaoly Be Noel , Rasolofoniaina Be Jean Rodolph , Rajaona Delox , Pascal Elison , De Angelo Peter , Martin Dominic A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBird conservation depends on robust data on the densities of and threats to each species, and an understanding of the choices and incentives of bird hunters. This first comprehensive study of bird hunting and its effects in Madagascar uses 8 years of data on 87 bird species to determine bird densities and hunting pressure, incentives, choices, methods, spatial variation, and sustainability on the Masoala Peninsula of Madagascar. We find that bird hunting is common, affecting human wellbeing and, for some species, long‐term population viability. Hunters caught more abundant species of lower trophic levels and consumers preferred the flavor of abundant granivores and nectarivores, while they disliked carnivores, scavengers, and species with common cultural proscriptions. Wealth increased species selectivity among consumers, whereas food insecurity increased hunting pressure overall. Projected and documented declines in at least three species are concerning, qualifying at least two for increased IUCN threatened species categories. We provide novel, data‐driven assessments of hunting's threat to Madagascar's birds, identify key species of concern, and suggest both species‐ and consumer‐specific conservation actions.
Engagement with three or more healthy lifestyle behaviours is associated with improved quality of life over 7.5 years in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Fidao Alexander , Jelinek George , Simpson‐Yap Steve , Neate Sandra , Nag Nupur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and purposePeople with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) report reduced quality of life (QoL). Engagement with healthy lifestyle behaviours, including consuming a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and adequate vitamin D exposure, is associated with higher QoL. We aim to assess whether individual lifestyle behaviours are more beneficial to QoL than others, and whether there are additive benefits to QoL by engaging in multiple healthy behaviours concurrently.MethodsData from pwMS who completed an online survey at baseline, and at 2.5‐, 5‐ and 7.5‐year follow‐up, were analysed. Behaviours assessed were consumption of a no‐meat/dairy‐plus‐omega‐3 supplementation diet, meditation practice, physical activity, non‐smoking, and vitamin D exposure. Mental QoL (mQoL) and physical QoL (pQoL) were assessed by the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life (MSQOL‐54) questionaire. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess associations of individual behaviours at baseline and follow‐up time points with QoL, as well as between number of behaviours and QoL.ResultsAt baseline, healthy diet and regular physical activity were associated with higher mQoL (5.3/100 and 4.0/100) and higher pQoL (7.8/100 and 6.7/100). Prospectively, diet was positively associated with mQoL, and physical activity with both mQoL and pQoL. At baseline, engagement with ≥3 behaviours was positively associated with mQoL and pQoL, with additive positive associations for each additional behaviour. Prospectively, engagement with ≥3 behaviours was positively associated with mQoL and pQoL, with strongest associations observed with engagement with five behaviours.ConclusionConsumption of a healthy diet, and regular physical activity, are both potential interventions to improve QoL. Engagement with multiple lifestyle behaviours may provide additional benefits and should be encouraged and supported for multiple sclerosis management.
High‐Resolution Geological Information from Crosshole Ground Penetrating Radar in Clayey Tills
Authors: Jensen Bolette B. , Rosenberg Louise , Tsitonaki Aikaterini , Tuxen Nina , Bjerg Poul L. , Nielsen Lars , Hansen Thomas M. , Looms Majken C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHeterogeneous glacial deposits dominate large parts of the Northern Hemisphere. In these landscapes, high‐resolution characterization of the geology is crucial for understanding contaminant transport. Geological information is mostly obtained from multiple boreholes drilled during a site investigation, but such point‐based data alone do not always provide the required resolution to map small‐scale heterogeneity between boreholes. Crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR) is suggested as a tool for adding credible geological information between boreholes at contaminated site investigations in industrial sites where infrastructure, such as electrical installations, can pose a challenge to other geophysical methods. GPR data are sensitive to the dielectric permittivity and the bulk electrical conductivity, which can be related to the distribution of water content and sand/clay occurrences. Here we present a detailed crosshole GPR dataset collected at an industrial contaminated site in a clay till setting. The data are processed using a novel inversion approach where information on changes in the velocity and attenuation of the radar signal are obtained independently. The GPR results are compared to borehole logs, grain size analyses, and relative permeability data from the site. The GPR data analysis provided valuable information on the understanding of the lateral geological variability. A silt layer with a thickness of a few decimeters, likely important for flow characterization, was confirmed and resolved by GPR data. Our findings suggest that crosshole GPR has the potential for contributing with high‐resolution geological information by filling the data gap between boreholes, thereby becoming a relevant tool in contaminated site investigations.
The wetting‐to‐nonwetting transition of CVD BN coatings deposited at different temperatures
Authors: Lu Zilong , Qi Zhe , Yang Jinhua , Liu Hu , Jiao Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBoron nitride (BN) coatings (thickness 20–40 μm) were prepared on graphite substrates by chemical vapor deposition, with precursors of BCl3 and NH3 (ratio of 1:4) and pressure of 500 ± 50 Pa. The influence of the deposition temperature (650°C–1250°C) on the wettability of BN coatings with deionized water was studied. The wetting angle rapidly increases at 1100°C–1250°C, and the wetting‐to‐nonwetting transition occurs. The crystal structure and surface morphology of the BN coatings were characterized by a stylus instrument, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Research shows that the contact angle or nonwettability increases with a higher degree of crystallinity and a lower surface roughness, which were both under the control of the deposition temperature since the pressure and gas flows were kept constant in this study. At a deposition temperature of 650°C–950°C, the increase in the degree of crystallinity dominates; at 950°C–1100°C, the increase in surface roughness takes over. At 1100°C–1250°C, the degree of crystallinity continues to increase, while the surface roughness decreases due to the advantage of nucleation and the breakage of large surface clusters into smaller clusters. This results in increases (650°C–950°C), then decreases (950°C–1100°C) and again fast increases (1100°C–1250°C) in the wetting angle between the BN coating and deionized water and finally in the wetting‐to‐nonwetting transition (1100°C–1250°C).
Effect of Al2O3 on the structure–property relationship of sodium aluminophosphate glasses: A combined study of experiments, MD simulations, and QSPR analysis
Authors: Yan Jingping , Zhang Yajiao , Wang Feimei , Shi Caijuan , Jiang Fangling , Deng Lu , Xue Tianfeng , Ruan Minzhi , Li Zhongdi , Chen Shubin , Hu Lili 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAluminophosphate glasses have found wide applications in various fields, such as biomedical materials, optical components, sealing materials, and nuclear waste forms. In spite of their well‐investigated short‐range ordered structures, the relationship between the properties and the medium‐range structural features is far from being understood. In this paper, atomistic structures of sodium aluminophosphate (SAP) glasses were reproduced by molecular dynamics simulations. In addition, experimental methods, including Raman, differential scanning calorimetry, and synchrotron X‐ray total scattering, have been applied to characterize the structures of these glasses, together with the measurements of various glass properties, such as the density, glass transition temperature (Tg), coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and hardness. Moreover, the quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) analysis was performed to correlate the simulated glass structures with the experimentally measured properties. The simulation results reveal that the P–O–P linkages in the glass network are gradually replaced by the P–O–Al linkages with additional alumina to the compositions, which contributes to the property changes of the SAP glass systems. Meanwhile, the long chains in the SAP glasses tend to form ring structures, and the primitive rings are concentrated in the range between 4‐ and 20‐membered rings. Furthermore, QSPR analysis shows that the simulated structures have good correlations with the experimental properties, and the established structure–property model is promising in predicting certain properties of aluminophosphate glass systems.
Diagnostic momentum in physical therapy clinical reasoning
Authors: Aron Adrian , Cunningham Shala , Yoder Isaac , Gravley Elizabeth , Brown Olivia , Dickson Charles 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRationale and ObjectivesDiagnostic momentum refers to ruling in a particular diagnosis without adequate evidence. As the field of physical therapy continues to transition more towards autonomous practitioners with direct access, there is a need to identify the effect of a physician diagnosis on a therapist's examination and treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify if diagnostic momentum exists in physical therapy and whether this phenomenon could affect the ability of the therapist to identify clinical red flags.MethodsAn online survey with randomized case scenarios was completed by 75 licensed practicing physical therapists. Participants received one of two scenarios: a case vignette where the patient was referred to physical therapy for left shoulder pain and presented with ‘red flags’ indicative of myocardial infarction, or a similar vignette with additional results from an exercise stress test that ruled out myocardial infarction. The subjects were asked if they would ‘treat’ or ‘refer’ to another healthcare provider and the reason behind their decision. Independent t‐tests and χ2 analyses were conducted to understand the differences between the groups. A thematic analysis was used to explore the therapists' responses regarding the reasoning for their decision.ResultsThere was no significant difference in clinical decision making based on age, gender, years of experience, advanced certification, primary caseload or primary practice setting. Among those who received the case without the stress test, 31.4% of participants indicated that they would refer, compared to 12.5% of the participants that had the additional stress test result included within their case. The presence of the negative stress test was indicated as the main reason for choosing to treat without referral by 65.7% of the subjects that received the additional stress test result.ConclusionThis study suggests that practicing physical therapists may be influenced by diagnostic decisions made by other clinicians, causing them to overlook signs and symptoms of possible myocardial infarction.
Economic evaluation of telemonitoring as a follow‐up approach for patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome starting treatment with continuous positive airway pressure
Authors: Ssegonja Richard , Ljunggren Mirjam , Sampaio Filipa , Tegelmo Tove , Theorell‐Haglöw Jenny 
Published: June 2023

SummaryTelemonitoring of obstructive sleep apnea patients is increasingly being adopted though its cost‐effectiveness evidence base is scanty. This study investigated whether telemonitoring is a cost‐effective strategy compared with the standard follow‐up in patients with obstructive sleep apnea who are starting continuous positive airway pressure treatment. In total, 167 obstructive sleep apnea patients were randomised into telemonitoring (n = 79) or standard follow‐up (n = 88), initiated continuous positive airway pressure treatment, and were followed up for 6 months. The frequencies of healthcare contacts, related costs (in USD 2021 prices), treatment effect and compliance were compared between the follow‐up approaches using generalised linear models. The cost effectiveness analysis was conducted from a healthcare perspective and the results presented as cost per avoided extra clinic visit. Additionally, patient satisfaction between the two approaches was explored. The analysis showed no baseline differences. At follow‐up, there was no significant difference in treatment compliance, and the mean residual apnea–hypoapnea index. There was no difference in total visits, adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.87 (0.72–1.06). Participants in the telemonitoring arm made eight times more telephone visits, 8.10 (5.04–13.84), and about 73% fewer physical healthcare visits 0.27 (0.20–0.36). This translated into significantly lower total costs for the telemonitoring approach compared with standard follow‐up, −192 USD (−346 to −41). The form of follow‐up seemed to have no impact on the extent of patient satisfaction. These results demonstrate the telemonitoring of patients with obstructive sleep apnea initiating continuous positive airway pressure treatment as a cost saving strategy and can be argued as a potential worthy investment.
Steatotic hepatocyte‐derived extracellular vesicles promote β‐cell apoptosis and diabetes via microRNA‐126a‐3p
Authors: Chen Qi , Jiang Fang‐jie , Gao Xin , Li Xiao‐Ying , Xia Pu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a unique mediator of interorgan communications, playing important roles in the pathophysiologic process of various diseases, including diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Here, we reported that the EVs released by steatotic hepatocytes exerted a detrimental effect on pancreatic β cells, leading to β‐cell apoptosis and dysfunction. The effect was profoundly attributable to an up‐regulation of miR‐126a‐3p in the steatotic hepatocyte‐derived EVs. Accordingly, overexpression of miR‐126a‐3p promoted, whereas inhibition of miR‐126a‐3p prevented β‐cell apoptosis, through a mechanism related to its target gene, insulin receptor substrate‐2. Moreover, inhibition of miR‐126a‐3p by its specific antagomir was able to partially reverse the loss of β‐cell mass and ameliorate hyperglycaemia in diabetic mice. Thus, the findings reveal a novel pathogenic role of steatotic hepatocyte‐derived EVs, which mechanistically links nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to the development of diabetes.