bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging methods and datasets within the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN)
Authors: McKay Nicole S. , Gordon Brian A. , Hornbeck Russ C. , Dincer Aylin , Flores Shaney , Keefe Sarah J. , Joseph-Mathurin Nelly , Jack Clifford R. , Koeppe Robert , Millar Peter R. , Ances Beau M. , Chen Charles D. , Daniels Alisha , Hobbs Diana A. , Jackson Kelley , Koudelis Deborah , Massoumzadeh Parinaz , McCullough Austin , Nickels Michael L. , Rahmani Farzaneh , Swisher Laura , Wang Qing , Allegri Ricardo F. , Berman Sarah B. , Brickman Adam M. , Brooks William S. , Cash David M. , Chhatwal Jasmeer P. , Day Gregory S. , Farlow Martin R. , la Fougère Christian , Fox Nick C. , Fulham Michael , Ghetti Bernardino , Graff-Radford Neill , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Klunk William , Lee Jae-Hong , Levin Johannes , Martins Ralph , Masters Colin L. , McConathy Jonathan , Mori Hiroshi , Noble James M. , Reischl Gerald , Rowe Christopher , Salloway Stephen , Sanchez-Valle Raquel , Schofield Peter R. , Shimada Hiroyuki , Shoji Mikio , Su Yi , Suzuki Kazushi , Vöglein Jonathan , Yakushev Igor , Cruchaga Carlos , Hassenstab Jason , Karch Celeste , McDade Eric , Perrin Richard J. , Xiong Chengjie , Morris John C. , Bateman Randall J. , Benzinger Tammie L. S. ,   the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network, Brickman Adam. M. , la Fougère Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) is an international collaboration studying autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD). ADAD arises from mutations occurring in three genes. Offspring from ADAD families have a 50% chance of inheriting their familial mutation, so non-carrier siblings can be recruited for comparisons in case–control studies. The age of onset in ADAD is highly predictable within families, allowing researchers to estimate an individual’s point in the disease trajectory. These characteristics allow candidate AD biomarker measurements to be reliably mapped during the preclinical phase. Although ADAD represents a small proportion of AD cases, understanding neuroimaging-based changes that occur during the preclinical period may provide insight into early disease stages of ‘sporadic’ AD also. Additionally, this study provides rich data for research in healthy aging through inclusion of the non-carrier controls. Here we introduce the neuroimaging dataset collected and describe how this resource can be used by a range of researchers.
Heart failure-induced cognitive dysfunction is mediated by intracellular Ca2+ leak through ryanodine receptor type 2
Authors: Dridi Haikel , Liu Yang , Reiken Steven , Liu Xiaoping , Argyrousi Elentina K. , Yuan Qi , Miotto Marco C. , Sittenfeld Leah , Meddar Andrei , Soni Rajesh Kumar , Arancio Ottavio , Lacampagne Alain , Marks Andrew R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCognitive dysfunction (CD) in heart failure (HF) adversely affects treatment compliance and quality of life. Although ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) has been linked to cardiac muscle dysfunction, its role in CD in HF remains unclear. Here, we show in hippocampal neurons from individuals and mice with HF that the RyR2/intracellular Ca2+ release channels were subjected to post-translational modification (PTM) and were leaky. RyR2 PTM included protein kinase A phosphorylation, oxidation, nitrosylation and depletion of the stabilizing subunit calstabin2. RyR2 PTM was caused by hyper-adrenergic signaling and activation of the transforming growth factor-beta pathway. HF mice treated with a RyR2 stabilizer drug (S107), beta blocker (propranolol) or transforming growth factor-beta inhibitor (SD-208), or genetically engineered mice resistant to RyR2 Ca2+ leak (RyR2-p.Ser2808Ala), were protected against HF-induced CD. Taken together, we propose that HF is a systemic illness driven by intracellular Ca2+ leak that includes cardiogenic dementia.
Home-to-school pedestrian mobility GPS data from a citizen science experiment in the Barcelona area
Authors: Larroya Ferran , Díaz Ofelia , Sagarra Oleguer , Colomer Simón Pol , Ferré Salva , Moro Esteban , Perelló Josep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe analysis of pedestrian GPS datasets is fundamental to further advance on the study and the design of walkable cities. The highest resolution GPS data can characterize micro-mobility patterns and pedestrians’ micro-motives in relation to a small-scale urban context. Purposed-based recurrent mobility data inside people’s neighbourhoods is an important source in these sorts of studies. However, micro-mobility around people’s homes is generally unavailable, and if data exists, it is generally not shareable often due to privacy issues. Citizen science and its public involvement practices in scientific research are valid options to circumvent these challenges and provide meaningful datasets for walkable cities. The study presents GPS records from single-day home-to-school pedestrian mobility of 10 schools in the Barcelona Metropolitan area (Spain). The research provides pedestrian mobility from an age-homogeneous group of people. The study shares processed records with specific filtering, cleaning, and interpolation procedures that can facilitate and accelerate data usage. Citizen science practices during the whole research process are reported to offer a complete perspective of the data collected.
Automatic comprehensive radiological reports for clinical acute stroke MRIs
Authors: Liu Chin-Fu , Zhao Yi , Yedavalli Vivek , Leigh Richard , Falcao Vitor ,   on behalf of the STIR and VISTA Imaging investigators, Wintermark Max , Warach Steven J. , Albers Gregory W. , Davis Stephen M. , Grotta James C. , Hacke Werner , Kang Dong-Wha , Kidwell Chelsea , Koroshetz Walter J. , Lees Kennedy , Lev Michael H. , Liebeskind David S. , Sorensen A. Gregory , Thijs Vincent N. , Thomalla Götz , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Luby Marie , Miller Michael I. , Hillis Argye E. , Faria Andreia V. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Although artificial intelligence systems that diagnosis among different conditions from medical images are long term aims, specific goals for automation of human-labor, time-consuming tasks are not only feasible but equally important. Acute conditions that require quantitative metrics, such as acute ischemic strokes, can greatly benefit by the consistency, objectiveness, and accessibility of automated radiological reports.

Methods
We used 1,878 annotated brain MRIs to generate a fully automated system that outputs radiological reports in addition to the infarct volume, 3D digital infarct mask, and the feature vector of anatomical regions affected by the acute infarct. This system is associated to a deep-learning algorithm for segmentation of the ischemic core and to parcellation schemes defining arterial territories and classically-identified anatomical brain structures.

Results
Here we show that the performance of our system to generate radiological reports was comparable to that of an expert evaluator. The weight of the components of the feature vectors that supported the prediction of the reports, as well as the prediction probabilities are outputted, making the pre-trained models behind our system interpretable. The system is publicly available, runs in real time, in local computers, with minimal computational requirements, and it is readily useful for non-expert users. It supports large-scale processing of new and legacy data, enabling clinical and translational research.

Conclusion:
The generation of reports indicates that our fully automated system is able to extract quantitative, objective, structured, and personalized information from stroke MRIs.
Optimal intelligent edge‐servers placement in the healthcare field
Authors: Jasim Ahmed M. , Al‐Raweshidy Hamed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe efficiency improvement of healthcare systems is a major national goal across the world. However, delivering scalable and reliable healthcare services to people, while managing costs, is a challenging problem. The most promising methods to address this issue are based on smart healthcare (s‐health) technologies. Furthermore, the combination of edge computing and s‐health can yield additional benefits in terms of delay, bandwidth, power consumption, security, and privacy. However, the strategic placement of edge‐servers is crucial to achieve further cost and latency benefits. This article is divided into two parts: an AI‐based priority mechanism to identify urgent cases, aimed at improving quality of service and quality of experience is proposed. Then, an optimal edge‐servers placement (OESP) algorithm to obtain a cost‐efficient architecture with lower delay and complete coverage is presented. The results demonstrate that the proposed priority mechanism algorithms can reduce the latency for patients depending on their number and level of urgency, prioritising those with the greatest need. In addition, the OESP algorithm successfully selects the best sites to deploy edge‐servers to achieve a cost‐efficient system, with an improvement of more than 80%. In sum, the article introduces an improved healthcare system with commendable performance, enhanced cost‐effectiveness, and lower latency.
Design, performance, and techno‐economic analysis of a rooftop grid‐tied PV system for a remotely located building
Authors: Eiva Umme Riazul Jannat , Fahim Thakeya Mojtari , Islam Sikder Sunbeam , Ullah Md. Aasim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe utilization of fossil fuel leads to excessive CO2 emissions that have negative impacts on the environment. The continued trend of this practice may result in an increase in the occurrence of storms, cyclones, starvation, and floods, as well as a rise in atmospheric temperature. Therefore, the focus should be on renewable energy sources, as they emit less CO2. This study presents the design and modeling of a 135‐kW solar PV grid‐connected power generation system for a university's remotely located building. The system is designed to function optimally in an area with an average solar radiation of 585.8 W/m2. The technical, financial, and annual performance of the system is demonstrated, which includes fixed‐mounted racking with 26° fixed‐tilt angle structures and monofacial PV panels. The design is validated and simulated using the PVsyst for designing a PV On‐Grid design and SketchUp for shadow analysis tools to determine the system's ideal size, technical requirements, and electrical power output. Moreover, two different inverters (Company A and Company B inverters) were used to compare and analyse the system's performance with the same PV panel. This project's results may impact the university's choice to install a solar PV system to minimize power consumption.
Relationship between Euthyroidism and Muscle Mass and Strength: A
Systematic Review
Authors: Greco Francesca , Moulton Chantalle , Antinozzi Cristina , Lista Marco , Di Luigi Luigi , Dimauro Ivan , Sgrò Paolo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThyroid hormones play a crucial role in skeletal muscle development, suggesting
that thyroid function may influence muscle mass and muscle strength, which are
both fundamental health-related indicators of several age-related consequences.
However, whether there is a relationship between thyroid hormones, muscle mass,
and muscle strength in individuals without thyroid dysfunctions is still
unknown. Therefore, this systematic review aims to investigate whether thyroid
hormones are related to muscle mass and strength parameters in euthyroid
individuals. Three databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) up
to February 14, 2022, for peer-reviewed papers published in English. The search
results were conducted independently by two different reviewers. The review
included 13 studies with a total of 241,044 participants. All studies were
observational: twelve studies measured thyroid stimulating hormone, ten and
thirteen studies measured free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine, four studies
analyzed the thyroid hormone ratio. The assessment methods for muscle mass were
computed tomography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedance analysis,
whereas hand dynamometer for muscle strength. Low levels within the normal range
of free triiodothyronine, high levels within the normal range of free thyroxine,
and lower thyroid hormone ratio may contribute to a reduced muscle function,
which seems more evident in older males.
Studies on Selective Metalation and Cross-Coupling Reactions of Oxazoles
Authors: Menche Dirk , Wagner Raphael , Wollnitzke Philipp , Essig Sebastian , Gölz Jan P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA general study on selective functionalization of unsubstituted oxazole is reported. Specific halogenation at C2 and C5 was enabled by a sequential deprotonation strategy that was based on the different pK
a values of these positions, while a halide at C4 may be introduced by an optimized halogen dance reaction. Efficient protocols for subsequent sp2–sp2 and sp2–sp3 cross-coupling reactions of the derived oxazolyl halides were then established. This modular approach was applied in the total synthesis of ajudazol A and a selected analogue, demonstrating the general feasibility of these conditions in a complex setting.
Metal-Free Directed C–H Borylation of Indoles at the Sterically Congested C2 Position
Authors: Yan Chaoguo , Shi Zhuangzhi , Jiang Wang , Bai Jingyi , Lv Jiahang , Zhao Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring the past few decades, transition metal-catalyzed C–H borylation has been one of the most notable advances in synthetic chemistry and has been widely employed in the preparation of organoboron reagents. Due to economic and heavy-metal-residue concerns, there is significant interest in the development of metal-free processes to mimic metallic systems. Here, we disclose a highly efficient metal-free approach for the directed C–H borylation of C3-substituted indoles at the sterically congested C2 position that uses the inexpensive boron reagent BBr3. Compared with the conventional methods using transition metals, this practical protocol provides an ideal pathway to obtain numerous C2-borylated indoles. The benefit of the synthesis of complex molecules and their applicability to medicinal chemistry is also shown through the construction of key intermediates of (–)-goniomitine and bazedoxifene and by a total synthesis of the drug fluvastatin. Mechanistic experiments demonstrate the site selectivity of this C–H borylation process.
Remote Steric Control for Site-Selective Synthesis
Authors: Asako Sobi , Ilies Laurean 
Published: July 2023

AbstractControl of site selectivity for organic synthesis in general, and for transition-metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization in particular, is an important and challenging task. Steric interactions have been widely used to control reaction selectivity, but these strategies are largely limited to proximity sites. Recently, control of site selectivity through remote steric interactions has emerged as an attractive strategy that can enable selective reactions at distal sites from a steric marker. This review will cover recent developments in this area, with a focus on borylation reactions and transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Tyrosine-5 Fluorinated Analogues of RA-VII, An Antitumor Bicyclic Hexapeptide
Authors: Hitotsuyanagi Yukio , Yoshida Yuki , Nagaishi Chihiro , Hasuda Tomoyo , Park Hyun-Sun , Takeya Koichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRA-VII analogues fluorinated at each ε-position of Tyr-5 were designed. The synthesis of these peptide analogues commenced with the preparation of atropisomeric fluorocycloisodityrosines from protected 3-fluoro-L-tyrosyl-3-boronyl-L-tyrosine mediated by copper(II) acetate and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. After N-methylation, the tetrapeptide segment was coupled with the N-terminus of each fluorocycloisodityrosine to afford a hexapeptide. After removal of the C- and N-terminal protecting groups, each peptide was subjected to macrocyclization to produce an analogue. The analogue with a β-oriented fluorine atom was equipotent to RA-VII with regard to cytotoxicity toward human mammary carcinoma MCF-7 cells, and showed 2.1-fold and 1.4-fold lower cytotoxicities than RA-VII toward human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells, respectively, whereas the analogue with an α-oriented fluorine atom showed 7.7-fold, 6.0-fold, and 14-fold lower cytotoxicities than RA-VII toward those cells, respectively.
Visible-Light-Photoexcited Palladium-Catalyzed Silylmethylation of Benzyl Alcohol Derivatives
Authors: Mizoguchi Haruki , Sakakura Akira , Yoshida Ryuji , Ikeda Haruka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn intramolecular C–H silylmethylation of benzylic alcohol derivatives catalyzed by a visible-light-photoexcited palladium complex was developed. Irradiation of the palladium complex with blue LEDs resulted in efficient activation of a C–I bond, and subsequent intramolecular radical arylation afforded siloxacycle products. Selective protonation or oxidation of the C–Si bond of the cyclized materials afforded ortho-methylated and ortho-hydroxymethylated derivatives of the benzylic alcohol derivatives.
Respiratory System Dynamics
Authors: Kaminsky David A. , Cockcroft Donald W. , Davis Beth E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile static mechanical forces govern resting lung volumes, dynamic forces determine tidal breathing, airflow, and changes in airflow and lung volume during normal and abnormal breathing. This section will examine the mechanisms, measurement methodology, and interpretation of the dynamic changes in airflow and lung volume that occur in health and disease. We will first examine how the total work of breathing can be described by the parameters of the equation of motion, which determine the pressure required to move air into and out of the lung. This will include a detailed description of airflow characteristics and airway resistance. Next, we will review the changes in pressure and flow that determine maximal forced inspiration and expiration, which result in the maximal flow–volume loop and the clinically important forced expired volume in 1 second. We will also assess the mechanisms and interpretation of bronchodilator responsiveness, dynamic hyperinflation, and airways hyperresponsiveness.
Unfortunate Accidental Twins: Two Patients with Endocarditis of a Valve-Bearing Conduit
Authors: Ostovar Roya , Albes Johannes M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Prosthetic valve endocarditis is becoming more common because many patients live long enough to experience bacteremia, while insufficient antibiotic prophylaxis eventually leads to graft infection. Valve-bearing conduit infections are the most feared because of technical challenges.
Case Description Two young patients were coincidental twins in terms of diagnosis and therapy. Both underwent complete replacement of the conduit, aortic arch prosthesis, and additional strategies to reconnect the coronary ostia and the brachiocephalic trunk. Both were discharged without significant residual problems.
Conclusion Even most demanding infectious problems can be solved. Thus, surgery should not be denied.
Laboratory Diagnosis of Activated Protein C Resistance and Factor V Leiden
Authors: Bahraini Mehran , Fazeli Alieh , Dorgalaleh Akbar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe factor V Leiden (FVL) polymorphism is known as the most common inherited risk factor for venous thrombosis. In turn, FVL is the leading cause of an activated protein C resistance (APCR) phenotype, in which the addition of exogenous activated protein C to plasma does not result in the expected anticoagulant effect. In the routine laboratory approach to the formal diagnosis of FVL, an initial positive screening plasma-based method for APCR is often performed, and only if needed, this is followed by a confirmatory DNA-based assay for FVL. Multiple methods with accepted sensitivity and specificity for determining an APCR/FVL phenotype are commonly categorized into two separate groups: (1) screening plasma-based assays, including qualitative functional clot-based assays, for APCR, and (2) confirmatory DNA-based molecular assays, entailing several tests and platforms, including polymerase chain reaction-based and non-PCR-based techniques, for FVL. This review will describe the methodological aspects of each laboratory test and prepare suggestions on the indication of APCR and FVL testing and method selection.
Rivaroxaban versus Apixaban for Treatment of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism in Patients at Lower Risk of Bleeding
Authors: Caroti Kimberly Snow , Becattini Cecilia , Carrier Marc , Cohen Alexander T. , Ekbom Anders , Khorana Alok A. , Lee Agnes Y.Y. , Brescia Christopher , Abdelgawwad Khaled , Psaroudakis George , Rivera Marcela , Schaefer Bernhard , Brobert Gunnar , Coleman Craig I. 
Published: July 2023

This retrospective study, utilizing U.S. electronic health record (EHR) data from January 2013 to December 2020, sought to assess whether rivaroxaban and apixaban had similar effectiveness and safety in the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with a cancer type not associated with a high risk of bleeding. We included adults diagnosed with active cancer, excluding esophageal, gastric, unresected colorectal, bladder, noncerebral central nervous system cancers and leukemia, who experienced VTE and received a therapeutic VTE dose of rivaroxaban or apixaban on day 7 post-VTE, and were active in the EHR ≥12 months prior to the VTE. Primary outcome was the composite of recurrent VTE or any bleed resulting in hospitalization at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included recurrent VTE, any bleed resulting in hospitalization, any critical organ bleed, and composites of these outcomes at 3 and 6 months. Inverse probability of treatment-weighted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We included 1,344 apixaban and 1,093 rivaroxaban patients. At 3 months, rivaroxaban was found to have similar hazard to apixaban for developing recurrent VTE or any bleed resulting in hospitalization (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.60–1.27). No differences were observed between cohorts for this outcome at 6 months (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.71–1.40) or for any other outcome at 3 or 6 months. In conclusion, patients receiving rivaroxaban or apixaban showed similar risks of the composite of recurrent VTE or any bleed resulting in hospitalization in patients with cancer-associated VTE. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT05461807.
Key Points
Effects of C–H stretching excitation on the dynamics of the O(1D) + CHD3 → OH/OD + CD3/CHD2 reaction
Authors: Lv Jing , Yang Jiayue , Zhang Dong , Blauert Florian , Jiang Bo , Dai Dongxu , Zhang Weiqing , Wu Guorong , Yang Wenshao , Shuai Quan , Yang Xueming 
Published: July 2023

The vibrationally excited reaction O(1D) + CHD3(ν1 = 1) has been investigated by crossed-molecular-beam experiments with a time-sliced velocity map imaging technique. Detailed and quantitative information is extracted on the C–H stretching excitation effects on the reactivity and dynamics of the title reaction, with the help of preparation of C–H stretching excited CHD3 molecules by direct infrared excitation. Experimental results show that the vibrational stretching excitation of the C–H bond almost does not affect the relative contributions between different dynamical pathways for all product channels. For the OH + CD3 product channel, the vibrational energy of the C–H stretching excited CHD3 reagent is channeled exclusively into the vibrational energy of the OH products. The vibrational excitation of the CHD3 reactant changes the reactivities for the ground-state and umbrella-mode-excited CD3 channels very modestly, while it significantly suppresses the corresponding CHD2 channels. For the CHD2(ν1 = 1) channel, the stretching excited C–H bond of the CHD3 molecule acts almost as a pure spectator.