bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of soil moisture and ambient temperature on pupation depth for the imperiled Callophrys irus
Authors: Jonas Emma N. , Ball Nelson T. , Meyer Robert T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The frosted elfin Callophrys irus (Godart) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), is an imperiled species endemic to fire-maintained habitats in eastern North America. C. irus spends the majority of the year as pupae that may be vulnerable to fires that occur during this life stage. One way C. irus survives fire is to burrow and pupate under the soil, but this behavior is variable between individuals. We ran an ex-situ test on the impact of two abiotic factors on the pupation depth of C.irus (n = 60): ambient temperature and soil moisture. We used two incubators at 18 ºC and 30 ºC in addition to two moisture conditions of 5 and 15%. The null model outperformed other models, suggesting the effects of soil moisture and temperature on depth were negligible. The number of caterpillars that burrowed was similar to previous work with nine caterpillars that burrowed fully beneath the soil surface. If in-situ burrowing rates reflect our findings high mortality rates can be expected from fire. Thus, small, isolated populations may require artificial interventions. Our results support previous recommendations on the importance of refugia and population/habitat-specific rotational burn schedules to ensure the long-term persistence of the species.
Laparoscopic or transanal repair of rectocele? Comparison of a reduction in rectocele size
Authors: Tsunoda Akira , Takahashi Tomoko , Matsuda Satoshi , Kusanagi Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to compare the reduction in rectocele size after laparoscopic ventral rectopexy (LVR) with that after transanal repair (TAR).
Methods Forty-six patients with rectocele who underwent LVR and 45 patients with rectocele who received TAR between February 2012 and December 2022 were included. This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. All patients had clinical evidence of a symptomatic rectocele. Bowel function was evaluated using the Constipation Scoring System (CSS) and Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI). Substantial symptom improvement was defined as at least a 50% reduction in the CSS or FISI scores. Evacuation proctography was performed before surgery and 6 months postoperatively.
Results Constipation was substantially improved in 40–70% of the LVR patients and 70–90% of the TAR patients over 5 years. Fecal incontinence was markedly improved in 60–90% of the LVR patients across 5 years and in 75% of the TAR patients at 1 year. Postoperative proctography showed a reduction in rectocele size in the LVR patients (30 [20–59] mm preoperatively vs. 11 [0–44] mm postoperatively, P < 0.0001) and TAR patients (33 [20–55] mm preoperatively vs. 8 [0–27] mm postoperatively, P < 0.0001). The reduction rate of rectocele size in the LVR patients was significantly lower than that in the TAR patients (63 [3–100] % vs. 79 [45–100] %, P = 0.047).
Conclusion Thereduction in rectocele size was lower in the patients who underwent LVR than in those who received TAR.
Profiling cell envelope-antibiotic interactions reveals vulnerabilities to β-lactams in a multidrug-resistant bacterium
Authors: Hogan Andrew , Natarajan Aakash , Maydaniuk Dustin , León Beltina , Batun Zayra , Motnenko Anna , Palacios Armando , Bosch Alejandra , Cardona Silvia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The cell envelope of the Gram-negative Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) presents unique restrictions to antibiotic penetration. As a consequence, Bcc species are notorious for causing recalcitrant multidrug-resistant infections in immunocompromised individuals, such as those living with cystic fibrosis. To systematically identify cell envelope-associated resistance and susceptibility determinants at the genome level, we constructed a high-density, randomly-barcoded transposon mutant library in the clinical isolate B. cenocepacia K56-2 and exposed it to a panel of more than twenty cell envelope-targeting antibiotics. By quantifying relative mutant fitness with BarSeq, followed by validation with CRISPR-interference, we profiled over a hundred new functional associations and identified novel mediators of antibiotic susceptibility in the Bcc cell envelope. We revealed new connections between β-lactam susceptibility, peptidoglycan synthesis, and blockages in undecaprenyl phosphate metabolism, which highlight a vulnerability in sharing this lipid intermediate. We then show that the clinically relevant synergy of the β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination ceftazidime/avibactam is primarily mediated by inhibition of the PenB carbapenemase. Importantly, we found that avibactam more strongly potentiates the activity of aztreonam and meropenem than ceftazidime in a panel of Bcc clinical isolates. Finally, we characterize for first time in the Bcc the iron and receptor-dependent activity of the novel siderophore-cephalosporin antibiotic, cefiderocol. Overall, our work has implications for antibiotic target prioritization, and for using additional combinations of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors that can extend the utility of our current clinical arsenal of antibacterial therapies.
Structural design and antibacterial properties of porous SiO 2 /ZnO /Cu 2 O composites
Authors: Chao Chen , Li Manna , Shen Kai , Yang Lixia , Chen Zhaofeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, nano ZnO/Cu2O composite powder was used as the main antibacterial agent. Nano ZnO/Cu2O composite powder was fully dispersed in the gel precursor, and then porous SiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method, which was used as the carrier of nano ZnO/Cu2O composite powder. Finally, porous SiO2/ZnO/Cu2O composite materials were obtained. Through the characterization of the phase and structure of the composites, it can be found that nano ZnO/Cu2O is physically embedded in the porous SiO2 skeleton and fully combined with the porous SiO2. Compared with single-component nano ZnO/Cu2O, the specific surface area and pore properties of the composite are significantly improved, which also leads to the improvement of photocatalytic performance. Finally, through the antibacterial performance test of the composites, it can be easily found that the antibacterial rate of the composites reaches 100%. Porous SiO2/ZnO/Cu2O composites provide a new possibility for improving the antibacterial properties of ZnO and Cu2O.
Silencing of LINC00467 inhibits cell proliferation in testicular germ cell tumors cells Running Title: Silencing of LINC00467 regulates cell proliferation
Authors: Zhu Fang , Liu Zhizhong , Zhou Qianyin , Zhou Dai , Fan Jingyu , Bo Hao , Fan Liqing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Our previous study showed that LINC00467 expression decreased significantly in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) compared with adjacent tissue. LINC00467 expression in TGCTs was upregulated at stages II/III compared with stage I, and was negatively correlated with the 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival. However, the role of LINC00467 in the development of TGCTs remains to be elucidated further. LINC00467 expression was silenced in the NCCIT and TCAM-2 cell lines using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The expression level of genes was validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses. The MTT and CCK8 assays were used to detect cell proliferation. The effects on cell cycle were evaluated using flow cytometry. Western blotting analysis was used to detect the expression level of proteins, while RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics methods were used to explore the mechanism of action of LINC00467 in TGCTs. The silencing of LINC00467 expression decreased cell proliferation, induced S phase arrest, and downregulated the cell cycle-related protein PCNA expression while upregulating the expression of P21. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) stimulation experiments showed that DHT could upregulate the expression of LINC00467 and that the silencing of LINC00467 could reverse the effect of testosterone on cell proliferation. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the P53 signaling pathway was associated with LINC00467. Our study reported that LINC00467 regulated cell proliferation and induced S phase arrest in TGCTs cells through the cell cycle-related proteins, PCNA, and P21. These enriched the mechanism of non-coding RNAs in the development of TGCTs.
Phytochemicals, Biodegradation, Cytocompatibility and Wound Healing Profiles of Chitosan Film embedded Green Synthesized Antibacterial ZnO/CuO Nanocomposite
Authors: Govindasamy G Ambarasan , Mydin Rabiatul Basria S. M. N. , Gadaime Nasrin K Ramtan , Sreekan Srimala 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Open wound ulcer treatment remains a great challenge in wound care management especially involving elderly patients and multidrug resistance pathogen. Green-synthesized antibacterial nanocomposites have shown promising benefits in treating open wound ulcers. The present work studied the phytochemicals, biodegradation, storage, cytocompatibility and wound healing profiles of chitosan (Cs) film embedded with ZnO/CuO nanocomposites synthesized from of Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) leaf extract. HPLC was used to detect Quercetin bioactive constituent. Our cytocompatibility study demonstrated ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% nanocomposites displayed highest cell viability (~ 169%) at 72 hours treatment. The biodegradation rate of ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% increased proportionally with days of immersion and fully dissolved in 8 days while, commercial control degraded partially. The ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% also exhibited significantly enhanced cell migration (26.81 µm/h) and wound closure (62.35 ± 9.46%) at 12 hours. This finding is also supported by our in vivo excisional open wound studies in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which showed progressive recovery in 14 days. The controllable release of multiple metal ions (i. e., Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and bioactive elements from green synthesized ZnO/CuO-Cs nanocomposites might contribute to the wound recovery proses. This study highlighted the promising outcomes exhibited from green synthesized ZnO/CuO-Cs-1wt.% in wound healing technology.
Websites about, not for, adolescents? A systematic analysis of online fertility preservation information for adolescent and young adult cancer patients
Authors: Ruiz Sienna , Mintz Rachel , Sijecic Amela , Eggers Michelle , Hoffman Aubri , Woodard Terri , Bjonard Kari Louise , Hoefgen Holly , Sandheinrich Taryn , Omurtag Kenan , Housten Ashley J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Fertility preservation is an increasingly important topic in adolescent and young adult cancer survivorship, yet treatments remain under-utilized, possibly due to lack of awareness and understanding. The internet is widely used by adolescents and young adults and has been proposed to fill knowledge gaps and advance high-quality, more equitable care. As a first step, this study analyzed the quality of current fertility preservation resources online and identified opportunities for improvement.
Methods
We conducted a systematic analysis of 500 websites to assess the quality, readability, and desirability of website features, and the inclusion of clinically relevant topics.
Results
The majority of the 68 eligible websites were low quality, written at college reading levels, and included few features that younger patients find desirable. Websites mentioned more common fertility preservation treatments than promising experimental treatments, and could be improved with cost information, socioemotional impacts, and other equity-related fertility topics.
Conclusions
Currently, the majority of fertility preservation websites are about, but not for, adolescent and young adult patients. High-quality educational websites are needed that address outcomes that matter to teens and young adults, with a priority on solutions that prioritize equity.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
Adolescent and young adult survivors have limited access to high-quality fertility preservation websites that are designed for their needs. There is a need for the development of fertility preservation websites that are clinically comprehensive, written at appropriate reading levels, inclusive, and desirable. We include specific recommendations that future researchers can use to develop websites that could better address AYA populations and improve the fertility preservation decision making process.
AON: A service to augment Alliance Genome Resource data with additional species
Authors: Kearney Sophie , Baker Erich 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: Cross-species comparative genomics requires access to accurate homology data across the entire range of annotated genes. The Alliance of Genome Resources (AGR) provides an open-source and comprehensive database of homology data calculated using a wide array of algorithms at differing stringencies to elucidate orthologous relationships. However, the current AGR application program interface (API) is limited to five homology endpoints for nine species. While AGR provides a robust resource for several canonical species, its utility can be greatly enhanced by increased filtering and data processing options and incorporating additional species.
Results: Here, we describe a novel API tool, AON, that expands access to the AGR orthology resource by creating a data structure that supports 50 additional endpoints. More importantly, it provides users with a framework for adding bespoke endpoints, custom species, and additional orthology data. We demonstrate AON's functionality by incorporating the service into the GeneWeaver ecosystem for supporting cross-species data analysis.
Impacts of Testing, Vaccination, and Immunity on COVID-19 Cases in Schools
Authors: Branch-Elliman Westyn , Ertem Zeynep , Nelson Richard , Danesharasteh Anseh , Berlin David , Schechter-Perkins Elissa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Massachusetts supported several testing programs to facilitate in-person learning in 2021-22. The aim of this state-wide, retrospective cohort study was to assess the impact of these testing programs and immunity on COVID-19 case rates in students.
N=652,353 students (~ 59% of eligible population) at 2,141 schools consented to participate in in-school testing. High vaccination uptake and community immunity acquired via prior infection mitigated COVID-19 cases in elementary and secondary schools. High vaccination reduced the incidence of COVID-19 cases in elementary schools by 5.1% but protection waned after 8-10 weeks. During the delta period, higher cumulative community incidence rates were associated with higher case rates in schools; during the omicron period, this association reversed, such that schools in communities with lower levels of prior infection had higher rates of infection. Neither the test-to-stay modified quarantine program nor the pooled testing surveillance program were associated with substantial changes in cases.
Transfer learning based framework for image segmentation using medical images and Tversky similarity
Authors: Nampalle Kishore Babu , Uppala Vivek Narayan , Raman Balasubramanian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Medical image segmentation and further processing are extremely difficult due to the variations in images produced by various medical imaging techniques. In addition, characteristics like color, size, shape, and the separation of the foreground and background in an image pose additional challenges. Innovative ideas and efficient designs are needed to provide more accurate results. The size of the labeled dataset also significantly impacts how effectively the proposed deep learning architecture-based model works. To achieve better segmentation results using skin cancer datasets, this paper describes a method for implementing the deep learning framework using pre-trained models. This paper proposes the MU-Net, in which the encoder part of U-Net has been replaced with a MobileNetV2 model that has already been trained and uses a focal tversky loss function to control data and class imbalances and obtain high segmentation accuracy. This method is better than existing models as it has a less number of parameters (and thus requires less computation) and is less prone to overfitting, which is a menace for medical image datasets (as most of them are small). The efficiency of the proposed work has been analyzed by comparing its performance with existing models and evaluated based on performance metrics. It surpasses the competition with high accuracy (99%) and low loss (6%).The acclaimed deep learning architecture has improved performance and is more beneficial for segmentation and classification in other domains.
Oriented secondary magnetite micro-inclusions in plagioclase from oceanic gabbro
Authors: Bian Ge , Ageeva Olga , Roddatis Vladimir , Habler Gerlinde , Schreiber Anja , Abart Rainer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Plagioclase-hosted submicrometer to micrometer-sized oriented needle- and lath-shaped magnetite micro-inclusions with their elongation direction aligned parallel to the plagioclase [001] (PL[001]) direction were investigated using correlated optical, scanning electron, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. The PL[001] magnetite micro-inclusions formed from older generations of differently oriented magnetite micro-inclusions by recrystallization during hydrothermal alteration. Six orientation variants of PL[001] magnetite micro-inclusions occur, and they share the same shape orientation but differ in their crystallographic orientation relationships to the plagioclase host. The magnetite-plagioclase interfaces are facetted. High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy revealed that interface facets are aligned parallel to low-index lattice planes corresponding to oxygen layers of either magnetite or plagioclase. In addition, the linkage between prominent crystal structure elements of magnetite and plagioclase across the interfaces and accommodation mechanisms minimizing misfit between the two crystal structures were discerned. Combined evidence suggests that the shape and shape orientation, as well as the crystallographic orientation relationships between the magnetite micro-inclusions and the plagioclase host, are crystallographically controlled. The close crystal-structural link between magnetite precipitates and plagioclase host ensures a low-energy configuration driving recrystallization of older generations of differently orientated magnetite micro-inclusions into those that are aligned parallel to PL[001] and facilitates the underlying reaction kinetics. Due to their single to pseudo-single domain characteristics, the plagioclase-hosted magnetite micro-inclusions are particularly robust carriers of natural remanent magnetization. Recrystallization of differently oriented preexisting magnetite micro-inclusions into magnetite micro-inclusions with uniform shape orientation parallel to PL[001] has interesting consequences for the magnetic anisotropy of magnetite-bearing plagioclase grains.
Hydrogen bond symmetrization and high-spin to low-spin transition of ε-FeOOH at the pressure of Earth’s lower mantle
Authors: Insixiengmay Leslie , Stixrude Lars 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We focus on the ferric end-member of phase H: ε-FeOOH using density functional theory at the PBEsol+U level. At 300 K, we find that ε-FeOOH undergoes a hydrogen bond symmetrization at 37 GPa and a sharp high-spin to low-spin transition at 45 GPa. We find excellent agreement with experimental measurements of the equation of state, lattice parameters, atomic positions, vibrational frequencies, and optical properties as related to the band gap, which we find to be finite and small, decreasing with pressure. The hydrogen bond symmetrization transition is neither first-nor second-order, with no discontinuity in volume or any of the elastic moduli. Computed IR and Raman frequencies and intensities show that vibrational spectroscopy may provide the best opportunity for locating the hydrogen bond symmetrization transition experimentally. We find that ε-FeOOH is highly anisotropic in both longitudinal- and shear-wave velocities at all pressures, with the shear wave velocity varying with propagation and polarization direction by as much as 24% at zero pressure and 43% at 46 GPa. The shear and bulk elastic moduli increase by 18% across the high-spin to low-spin transition.
Para uma crítica feminista ao neoliberalismo
Authors: Neis Ribeiro Luísa , Renostro Heinen Luana 
Published: February 2023

Para compreender o que é neoliberalismo, identificamos três abordagens principais: 1) política econômica – um projeto político de restabelecimento das condições da acumulação do capital e restauração do poder das elites econômicas; 2) modelo de Estado e políticas públicas – um Estado pequeno no que se refere às políticas sociais (quase sempre terceirizadas), mas forte para imprimir na sociedade as marcas e valores do mercado e exercer controle social; 3) uma ética neoliberal – a ideia de que cada um é responsável por sua própria vida e situação socioeconômica. A ética neoliberal, que funciona como ideologia de sustentação do desmantelamento do Estado de bem-estar, afeta de forma especial as mulheres: recai sobre elas o peso da maior individualização da ideia de cuidado (cada vez mais atribuída à família e menos ao Estado), sem garantia de igualdade de oportunidades no espaço público (na política ou no trabalho). A proposta do trabalho é demonstrar como o feminismo marxista contribui para uma crítica mais contundente ao neoliberalismo. A partir de Ângela Davis, argumenta-se pela necessidade premente da socialização das tarefas domésticas como meio de se evidenciar a responsabilidade coletiva pelo cuidado e pelo bem-estar dos seres humanos em sociedade.