bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrological characteristics and water quality change in mountain river valley on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Cui Buli , Zuo Fenglin , Zong Hehua , Yu Wanxin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractManagement and protection of regional water resources requires an understanding of the hydrological characteristics and water quality changes. In this study, we combined isotopic, geochemical and hydrometric measurements to investigate hydrological characteristics and water quality changes during the interactions between surface water and groundwater in mountain river valley. Our results showed that the stable isotope values in most of the groundwater and river water samples were located above the middle of the local meteoric water line in a mountain river valley. The hydrochemical types of most of the groundwater and river water samples were Ca–Mg–HCO3 and were primarily dominated by rock weathering. The hydrochemical compositions of groundwater and river water were mainly affected by carbonate dissolution and cation exchange, but influences of saltwater intrusion and human activity were found at the lakeside. Precipitation was the main factor affecting the changes in hydrological processes at these groundwater and river water sites and they were also affected by meltwater, soil water and the interaction between groundwater and surface water. The water level of the river increased, and the recharge of the groundwater by river water increased in river valley during the rainy season, which led to an increase runoff path in groundwater. The interaction between the river water and groundwater was affected by the rainfall frequency and intensity, the recharge time of the soil water and the pressure of the river on both sides of the river channels. Additionally, our results indicated that the flow of groundwater into the river will lead to water quality deterioration. The increasing pressure of the river on the groundwater will cause the deterioration of groundwater quality, which will also be affected by saltwater intrusion and human activity. Our results detailed the hydrological characteristics, water quality changes and main influencing factors of the interaction between surface water and groundwater of river valley in mountain, which will be beneficial to promote the reasonable protection of water resources under climate change in the future.
Exposure risk to heavy metals through surface and groundwater used for drinking and household activities in Ifite Ogwari, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Okafor Vincent N. , Omokpariola Daniel O. , Obumselu Onyeka F. , Eze Chiadikaobi G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSurface and groundwater are the most common sources of water in Nigeria's rural communities, which are used for a variety of purposes ranging from farming to industrial processes and other domestic household activities including drinking. Water that contains heavy metals in excess of the maximum permitted levels poses a risk to human health. This study aims to evaluate the levels of heavy metals in surface and groundwater in Ifite Ogwari, a rural community in Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria, as well as their ecological indices and human health risks assessment. The concentration levels of Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu were determined in fifteen water samples from the major water sources in the study area, viz., streams, river, and hand-dug wells. The water samples were collected using precleaned 500 cm3 glass bottles and were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique. The results showed that four metals (Cr, Cu, Mn, and Pb) out of the eight heavy metals were not detected in all the samples. The concentration levels of total Ni had a range of 0.029–0.11 mg/L with highest concentration occurring at Isiachala stream, Onowulugbe well, and Omambala river (0.11 mg/L). The Cd levels in the water samples had a range of 0.001–0.036 mg/L, with Isiachala and Iyiutu having the highest values (0.036 mg/L). The concentration of Fe ranged from 0.01 to 0.047 mg/L. Mn was detected at a concentration level of 0.003 mg/L in Iyiutu stream only. The Pearson correlation deduced a strong correlation (> 0.75) and a medium correlation (0.50–0.75) for sample locations and analytes, while three factors (principal component analysis) were produced, which indicates the influence of anthropogenic release rather than natural release. Ecological indices showed the impact of multi-elemental matrices on the ecology, while health risk assessments showed that there was no adverse cancer risk or non-cancer risk across respondents (adults and children). The obtained results showed that anthropogenic release has an extensive mobility influence on the natural level of metals in surface and ground water in Ifite Ogwari, and so proper treatment is advocated. This study has shown that the water sources from Ifite Ogwari pose no adverse health risk to the residents. Consequently, additional research on Ifite Ogwari water is needed to characterize “forever chemicals,” per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) which are ubiquitous, cancerous and have been linked to reproductive and immune system harm, and suggest routes for remediation.
Equivariant homotopy equivalence of homotopy colimits of $$G$$-functors
Authors: Villarroel-Flores Rafael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven a group G and a G-category $${\textbf{C}}$$
C
, we give a condition on a diagram of simplicial sets indexed by $${\textbf{C}}$$
C
that allows us to define a natural action of G on its homotopy colimit, and some other simplicial sets defined in terms of the diagram. Well-known theorems on homeomorphisms and homotopy equivalences are generalized to equivariant versions.
Prehabilitation in Adult Solid Organ Transplant Candidates
Authors: Quint Evelien E. , Ferreira Manoela , van Munster Barbara C. , Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke Gertrude , te Velde-Keyzer Charlotte , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Annema Coby , Mathur Sunita , Pol Robert A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose of Review
To highlight the importance of biological age in the context of prehabilitation and to present relevant research regarding prehabilitation prior to solid organ transplantation.

Recent Findings
Studies on the effect of prehabilitation have been performed in kidney-, lung-, liver-, and heart transplant patient populations. Prior to kidney transplantation, exercise interventions have been shown to improve cardiopulmonary- and physical fitness and result in a decreased length of hospital stay postoperatively. Among lung transplant candidates, various methods of prehabilitation have been studied including home-based, outpatient and in-patient programs, consisting of physical training, psychological support, education, and nutritional interventions. Overall, prehabilitation seems to improve or maintain quality of life and exercise capacity in this patient population. Patients undergoing liver transplantation seem to benefit from prehabilitation as well. Not only does it seem safe and feasible, but significant improvements in aerobic and functional capacity have also been found. Regarding heart transplant candidates, both inpatient and outpatient, supervised prehabilitation programs show promising results with improvements in exercise capacities and quality of life.

Summary
Prehabilitation is an effective and safe intervention for improving functional outcomes of solid organ transplant patients. Future studies should evaluate whether prehabilitation translates into improved pre- and post-transplant clinical outcomes.
Caregiver and adolescent intuitive eating behavior: associations with weight change during family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa
Authors: Nelson Jillian D. , Trojanowski Paige J. , Aarnio-Peterson Claire M. , Fischer Sarah , Adams Leah , Matthews Abigail 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Intuitive eating (IE) is an adaptive eating construct for which little research exists in eating disorder (ED) samples. IE is negatively correlated with disordered eating behaviors in healthy adolescents and adults, and similar associations have been found in adults with EDs. This study aims to examine IE in a treatment seeking sample of adolescents and their caregivers to understand the role of IE in weight gain during FBT.

Methods
Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were calculated in a sample of 47 pairs of adolescent patients and their caregivers who initiated outpatient FBT at a large academic medical center. Analyses examined associations between caregiver and adolescent IE on the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES), change in percent expected body weight (%EBW) by session 4 and end of treatment (EOT), clinical impairment, and ED pathology.

Results
Significant correlations were found between aspects of adolescent IE, ED symptoms, and clinical impairment. Caregiver IES scores (Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cues, Body-Food Choice Congruence, IES Total) were negatively related to adolescent ED symptoms (EDE-Q Weight Concerns, EDE-Q Shape Concerns, EDE-Q Global) at baseline. Caregiver IE (Eating for Physical Rather than Emotional Reasons) was positively associated with adolescent weight gain at FBT session 4 and EOT, even when statistically adjusting for gender and initial level of care.

Conclusion
Study results were consistent with past research indicating adolescent IE is negatively associated with ED behaviors, cognitions, and impairment. This study is the first to provide evidence that caregiver IE is positively associated with adolescent weight gain in FBT and is the first to provide evidence that caregiver IE is negatively related to adolescent ED symptoms. Future research should examine adolescent and caregiver IE throughout FBT to understand the role of IE in treatment response.

Level of evidence
Level III: Evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.
Influence of quick release valve on braking performance and coupler force of heavy haul train
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Jun , Zhao Xubao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe establish a simulation model based on the theory of air flow to analyze the accelerated release effect of the quick release valve inside the air brake control valve. In addition, the combined simulation system of train air brake system and longitudinal train dynamics is used to analyze how the parameters of the quick release valve in the 120/120–1 brake control valve affect the propagation characteristics of the train brake pipe pressure wave, the release action range of the accelerated brake, and the longitudinal coupler force for a 20,000-ton heavy haul train on the section of the Datong–Qinhuangdao Railway. The results show that the quick release valve can effectively accelerate the rising speed of the train brake pipe pressure during the initial release, as the accelerated release effect is evident before the train brake pipe pressure reaches 582 kPa. The quick release valve can effectively accelerate the release of the rear cars, reducing the longitudinal coupler force impact due to time delay of the release process. The quick release valve can effectively reduce the tensile coupler force in the train by as much as 20% in certain cases.
Low-Profile Capacitive Load Cells for Underground Mining Material and Wear Classification to Promote Worker Safety
Authors: Oltmanns Austin F. , Petruska Andrew J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work proposes a capacitive load cell for conical picks to enable underground continuous mining machine operators to perform their roles away from known hazardous regions near the machine. The load cell is embedded in commercially available flexible printed circuit board, integrates with the target tooling, and demonstrates in situ force sensing of vibration signatures for continuous mining cutting tools. Changes in material constitution, tool mass, and tool geometry cause modal variations in vibrational response measurable with force sensors at the cutting interface. Time-series measurements are captured during rock cutting tests using a linear cutting machine. These measurements are segmented into small windows, less than 0.25 s, and are preprocessed using the fast Fourier transform, which highlights the modal variations. The transformed measurements are then classified into different material and wear categories using support-vector machines with the radial basis function kernel. Different normalization schemes and Fourier transform methods are tested for signal preprocessing. Results show that the power spectral density measurements with normally distributed coefficients give good results for material classification, while the normalized time-domain measurements give better results for wear classification. Under laboratory conditions, this technique is shown to classify material and wear categories with F1 score above 0.85 out of 1.0 for our experiment. This technology could be used to assist operators in assessing material and wear conditions from a safer distance. It has applications in the coal mining industry as well as other applications which use conical picks such as road milling.
Forging of PM Ti–6Al–4V alloy at the temperature above β-transus and high strain rate: modeling and trials in industrial conditions
Authors: Wojtaszek Marek , Zyguła Krystian , Łukaszek-Sołek Aneta , Jabłońska Magdalena , Stanik Rafał , Gude Maik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The results of the forging process in open dies of the powder metallurgy (PM) Ti–6Al–4V alloy, carried out at the temperature above β-transus and at a high strain rate were presented. As an initial material for the research relatively cheap elemental powders were used. This approach gives a real chance for the implementation of the developed technologies. As the range of phase transition temperature in titanium alloys is influenced also by the technology of their production, the β-transus temperature was estimated for the PM Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Finite element method (FEM) numerical analysis of the forging process at the temperature of 1000 °C and high strain rate was performed. The results obtained by the FEM modeling were verified under industrial conditions. The forging trials were made at the temperature of 1000 °C on a screw press operating at a speed of 250 mm s−1. For comparison, the alloy was also studied in as-cast and hot-rolled conditions, which is widely used as a feedstock. The influence of the method of manufacturing feedstock on the microstructure and selected properties of the forgings was determined. This approach allowed for a qualitative assessment of the PM material. The forging process in open dies of two different feedstocks led to the production of forgings with a uniform and similar lamellar microstructure. Thus, it was shown that the heating conditions, the parameters of the forging process, and the method of cooling the product after forging have a decisive influence on the microstructure condition of the forgings shaped in the temperature range of the β phase.
Influence of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure on Distribution of Whistler Mode Waves Based on Van Allen Probe Observations
Authors: Tang Rongxin , Yuan An , Li Haimeng , Ouyang Zhihai , Deng Xiaohua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effect of solar wind dynamic pressure (PSW) on the global distribution of whistler mode waves (including chorus and hiss waves) while the absence of substorm activity is investigated using the data originating from the Van Allen Probes for nearly 5 years. After the effect of substorm activity is excluded, our statistical results indicate that the hiss and chorus waves exhibit different characteristics with the increase of PSW. The amplitudes of chorus waves increase on the dayside with the PSW strengthen, which can be explained through the local enhanced electron temperature anisotropy and more intense emission for the chorus in the inner magnetosphere. Interestingly, the amplitudes of hiss wave are reduced with the increase of PSW. The weakness of hiss waves can be attributed to electrons at high L‐shells which drift out of the magnetosphere on the dayside when the magnetopause's position decreases. It can significantly result in a reduced chorus inside the magnetopause that will evolve into hiss waves. In addition, the upper and lower cutoff frequencies of hiss waves will increase. This new finding is critical for understanding the generation and evolution of whistler mode waves and its responses to the intensity of PSW.
Evidence of Vertical Slab Tearing in the Late Triassic Qinling Orogen (Central China) From Multiproxy Geochemical and Isotopic Imaging
Authors: Qiu Kun‐Feng , Deng Jun , He Deng‐Yang , Rosenbaum Gideon , Zheng Xi , Williams‐Jones Anthony E. , Yu Hao‐Cheng , Balen Dražen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe process of slab tearing profoundly affects interchanges of material and energy between the lithosphere and asthenosphere and has been invoked as a trigger of magmatism in modern and ancient subduction‐collision systems. Horizontal slab tears may occur after continental collision and subsequent slab break‐off, whereas vertical slab tears may occur in response to along‐strike variations in rollback velocity, thereby ripping the subducting lithosphere. Previous studies have documented tearing of subducting slabs in modern convergent settings using geophysical methods, but in ancient collisional belts, where these methods cannot be applied, detection of slab tearing is more difficult, particularly if the oceanic plate was fully subducted and the geological evidence for subduction is limited. Here, we employ multiproxy element‐isotope imaging, as well as zircon petrochronology and whole‐rock geochemistry, to assess evidence of vertical tearing of the Mianlue slab in the Triassic Qinling Orogen in central China. Our results show evidence of anomalous, inferred tear‐related magmatism east of 107°E, at 225–210 Ma. Vertical tearing of the northward subducting Mianlue slab is recorded by geochemically anomalous igneous rocks, and the recognition of N–S to NE–SW trending boundaries defined by Sr‐Nd‐Hf isotopes, elemental ratios (Nb/Ta, and Ca/Al), Mg#, and reduced crustal thickness between 107° and 108°E. The inferred vertical tear may have been driven by slab rollback of the Mianlue slab at 225–210 Ma. The results show that multiproxy element‐isotope imaging (e.g., of εNd(t), εHf(t), (87Sr/86Sr)i, Nb/Ta, Mg#, and Ca/Al) can be used to reconstruct the evolution of fossil subduction systems.
Declining O2 in the Canada Basin Halocline Consistent With Physical and Biogeochemical Effects of Pacific Summer Water Warming
Authors: Arroyo Ashley , Timmermans Mary‐Louise , Le Bras Isabela , Williams William , Zimmermann Sarah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Arctic Ocean's Canada Basin (CB) has seen significant changes in ocean properties in the past two decades. A prominent change has been a warming of the Pacific Summer Water (PSW) layer in the central CB. The corresponding change in dissolved oxygen (O2) is analyzed here to provide additional insight into PSW physics and biology, pathways, and evolution. O2 observations are analyzed between 2003 and 2021 from the Joint Ocean Ice Study/Beaufort Gyre Observing System (JOIS/BGOS) field program, which samples CB hydrographic and biogeochemical properties. In the central CB, warming of the PSW layer over 2003–2021 has been accompanied by O2 decreases over this time in the layer. Nutrients and other biogeochemical properties are analyzed to quantify the combined influences of both physical changes and biological changes on the evolution of O2 concentrations in the CB PSW. In the upper portion of the PSW, O2 decreases can be entirely accounted for by surface warming (and corresponding decrease in O2 solubility) of its source waters in the Chukchi Sea region. In the deeper portion of the PSW layer, the observed O2 changes are larger, and are accounted for by a combination of the decreased solubility effect due to warming, and increased organic matter breakdown in warmer waters. Decreasing O2 in a warming Arctic Ocean is consonant with O2 trends in the warming global oceans, and highlights the need for continued observations and analyses.
The Benefits of Using State‐Of‐The‐Art Digital Soil Properties Maps to Improve the Modeling of Soil Moisture in Land Surface Models
Authors: Xu Chengcheng , Torres‐Rojas Laura , Vergopolan Noemi , Chaney Nathaniel W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study assesses the added value of using emerging maps of soil properties to improve surface soil moisture simulations using the HydroBlocks land surface model with different soil hydraulic parameterization schemes. Simulations were run at an hourly 30‐m resolution between 2012 and 2019 and evaluated against U.S. Climate Reference Network measurements. The results show that state‐of‐the‐art soil properties maps (POLARIS and SoilGrids250m V2.0) improve the accuracy of simulated surface soil moisture when compared to the STATSGO‐derived CONUS‐SOIL map. Contemporary pedotransfer functions (multi‐linear regression and Artificial Neural Networks‐based) also improve model performance in comparison to the lookup table‐derived soil parameterization schemes. The addition of vertical heterogeneity to the soil properties further improves the mean Kling‐Gupta efficiency by 0.04 and lowers the mean Root mean square error by 0.003 over the CONUS. This study demonstrates that land surface modeling can be improved by using state‐of‐the‐art maps of soil properties, accounting for the vertical heterogeneity of soils, and advancing the use of contemporary pedotransfer functions.
LZTFL1 inhibits kidney tumor cell growth by destabilizing AKT through ZNRF1-mediated ubiquitin proteosome pathway
Authors: Lu Jun , Fu Liang-min , Cao Yun , Fang Yong , Cao Jia-zheng , Pan Yi-hui , Cen Jun-jie , Liang Yan-ping , Chen Zhen-hua , Wei Jin-huan , Huang Yong , Mumin Mukhtar Adan , Xu Quan-hui , Wang Ying-han , Zhu Jiang-quan , Liang Hui , Wang Zhu , Deng Qiong , Chen Wei , Jin Xiao-han , Liu Zhi-ping , Luo Jun-hang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLZTFL1 is a tumor suppressor located in chromosomal region 3p21.3 that is deleted frequently and early in various cancer types including the kidney cancer. However, its role in kidney tumorigenesis remains unknown. Here we hypothesized a tumor suppressive function of LZTFL1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its mechanism of action based on extensive bioinformatics analysis of patients’ tumor data and validated it using both gain- and loss-functional studies in kidney tumor cell lines and patient-derive xenograft (PDX) model systems. Our studies indicated that LZTFL1 inhibits kidney tumor cell proliferation by destabilizing AKT through ZNRF1-mediated ubiquitin proteosome pathway and inducing cell cycle arrest at G1. Clinically, we found that LZTFL1 is frequently deleted in ccRCC. Downregulation of LZTFL1 is associated with a poor ccRCC outcome and may be used as prognostic maker. Furthermore, we show that overexpression of LZTFL1 in PDX via lentiviral delivery suppressed PDX growth, suggesting that re-expression of LZTFL1 may be a therapeutic strategy against ccRCC.