bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consider Carbon Emission Flow Analysis of Power System with Regards to Power Loss and Wind Power Uncertainty
Authors: Ou Zhongxi , Yang Kun , Lou Yuanyuan , Peng Sui , Li Peicong , Zhou Qunchen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A method for analyzing the impact of wind power uncertainty and active power loss on carbon emission flow in power systems is proposed. Based on the stochastic power flow calculation of wind power injection, the correlation function between wind power output and the total carbon injection rate into the system is determined. Meanwhile, the reverse power flow method is used to analyze the contribution of each unit to the active power flow in different parts of the system and calculate the corresponding carbon emissions. Under the assumption that wind power fluctuations are borne by balancing units, this method combines a conventional unit and a system node, branch, load, and active network loss correlation matrix calculation model to solve the average impact factor of wind power injection on other nodes and branches, thereby determining the uncertain characteristics of carbon emission flow in power systems under stochastic and intermittent wind power injection. The correctness and effectiveness of the method are proved by analyzing the IEEE 14-node standard example, providing new theoretical support and ideas for quantitatively evaluating the low-carbon contribution of wind power generation to the system.
Research on Power System Reserve Capacity Allocation Method with High Wind Power Penetration
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Xin Zhilei , Tang Xiaojun , Zhang Xin , Xie Yan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
ln order to further improve the regulation reserve capability of China’s power grid, this paper analyzes the necessity of constructing reserve capacity configuration of power systems from the aspects of load fluctuation and wind power development. By comparing the effects of different wind power penetration rates on system reserve capacity allocation, the paper investigates the reserve capacity allocation methods of power systems based on the SPN index and WCP index with high wind power penetration respectively, and verifies the effectiveness and universality of the new reserve allocation methods applying the actual grid operation mode.
Comparison of the SOC Estimation Method for Lithium Battery Based on Simulink
Authors: Zhang Hongyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
SOC (State Of Charge, SOC) represents the state of charge of a battery and is one of the important indicators to measure the energy usage of the battery. In the field of automotive energy, accurate battery SOC estimation is of great significance for improving the range, service life, and safety of electric vehicles. It is an important part of battery management and energy management. The current SOC estimation methods are diverse, and the ampere-hour integration method has the advantages of high accuracy and simple implementation. The EKF (Extended Kalman Filter) algorithm provides solutions for nonlinear problems such as SOC estimation of batteries. Therefore, these two methods are the preferred choice for some vehicle manufacturers and BMS enterprises. This study selects a first-order RC equivalent circuit model for parameter identification, builds a circuit model on Simulink, and compares and verifies the error of the AH integration method and EKF algorithm.
Development of gas chromatography for dissolved gas in oil based on nitrogen plasma discharge detection principle
Authors: Liu Zien , Zhao Yue , Cao Jun , Wang Xiangke , Li Jianhao , Qian Ahui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The gas chromatography detection technology of dissolved gas in oil based on the nitrogen plasma discharge detection principle was studied. This technology detected the characteristic emission light emitted by the excited molecule after the ionization of the detected molecule motivated by the plasma generated by the nitrogen molecule under the action of a high-energy electromagnetic field and realized the quantitative detection of different molecules. Compared with the previous national standard commonly used hydrogen flame ionization detector (FID) and thermal conductivity detector (TCD) gas chromatography, it has a lower detection limit. The advanced chromatographic system with the original process realizes the detection of dissolved gas in transformer oil, which has good linearity and repeatability and can ensure the accuracy of measurement data. The analysis only used nitrogen and did not use hydrogen to prevent explosion hazards. Nitrogen is at least ten times cheaper than helium and is more economical than helium ion chromatography in consumables. The device can detect the small content of the characteristic gas in the transformer oil and the slight change of the content to prevent the occurrence of dangerous accidents.
Power control strategy of wave energy converter with a hybrid double-machine hydraulic energy storage and generating system
Authors: Guo Xinran , Liu Shi , Cheng Yuanchu , Yang Yi , Liang Chonggan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wave energy converters (WEC) with the increasing capacity, which has reached a level of hundreds of kilowatts, would play a role in the connected microgrid. Due to the inherent fluctuation and randomness of wave energy, the unstable output power of WEC is a threat to the power balance of the microgrid. Machines start and stop periodically and the output power changes continuously and significantly. The previous study focused little on the power control of grid-connected WECs. In this paper, a power control strategy is proposed for WECs to achieve stable power output and regulation in various wave conditions. The power control strategy is based on a hybrid double-machine hydraulic energy storage and generating system composed of a controlled unit and an uncontrolled unit. The control strategy enables the stability control and the controllable regulation of power of WEC in various wave conditions. Simulation results of several wave conditions have validated the effect of the power control strategy. The power control strategy would contribute to the extensive deployment of WECs.
Improving and warning the static stability limit of complex power grid tie-line based on WAMS
Authors: Fu Hongjun , Zhu Shaoxuan , Sun Ran , Li Yan , Xie Yan , Xiong Haoqing , Li Xiaomeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In order to solve the technical problems of traditional power system classic formulas that are difficult to explain the static stability limit changes of power grid interconnection lines, as well as the difficulties in improving and warning the static stability limit power of interconnection lines, this paper provides a method for improving and warning the static stability limit of power grid interconnection lines. Firstly, based on the electrical quantities measured by the wide-area measurement system (WAMS) of the power grid, the equivalent reactance of the power grid interconnection lines, and the equivalent impedance from the high voltage side and medium voltage side of the three coil transformers on both sides of the interconnection line are determined. Secondly, under pre-set operation mode and constraint conditions, the configuration quantity and capacity of the dynamic reactive power sources on the medium voltage side of the three coil transformers on both sides of the interconnection line are determined. Finally, based on the determined configuration and pre-set operation mode of the dynamic reactive power sources on the medium voltage side of the three coil transformers on both sides of the interconnection line, the historical electrical quantities measured by WAMS. The static stability limit and static stability margin of the interconnection line are calculated, and warnings are provided.
The 3D model construction method of overhead transmission line based on GIM
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yu Jiangshun , Yu Rong , Liu Wei , Wang Di 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the continuous progress of power grid digitization, Building Information Model (building information modeling, BIM) technology can no longer meet the application display requirements of power grid engineering. Power grid information model (grid information model, GIM) technology uses parameterization to build a 3D model, which reduces redundancy and is conducive to the digital transfer of the project. This paper briefly analyzes the structure of the GIM data model. It carries out research on 3D parametric modeling of overhead transmission line ground wire, tower, foundation, and insulator string based on GIM. It uses a 3D graphics engine to realize the visual rendering of ontology 3D models. On this basis, a 3D scene construction method of overhead transmission line engineering based on GIM is proposed, which provides reliable technical support for digital power grid applications.
Double-layer Planning of Distribution Network considering Flexible Supply and Demand
Authors: Zhou Yang , Sun Yonghui , Shi Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To improve the flexibility of the system, flexible resources are added to the planning of renewable energy systems for collaborative optimization. Firstly, three quantitative indicators of flexible resources are introduced to build a distributed double-layer distribution network planning model that considers flexible resources and a more detailed cost model is considered based on existing research. Secondly, the scheduling and optimization of controllable loads are coordinated to achieve a fully integrated configuration of the distribution network. Then, the APSO algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, test results verify that the proposed planning approach is effective in improving system flexibility, economy, and reliability.
Investigation about Power Flow Algorithm for Distribution Network with Distributed Photovoltaic
Authors: Chen Haofei , Han Jun , Jiang Xingwei , Zhou Yuming , Ding Dawei , Fan Anjie , Cai Chao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To obtain the practical power flow algorithm for distribution network with distributed photovoltaic (PV), the change in phase and amplitude of calculated node voltage with number of iterations, and computation time of the Newton-Raphson algorithm, back/forward sweep algorithm and implicit
Z

bus Gaussian algorithm are obtained for 5-node circular distribution network with distributed photovoltaic. The results show that the Newton-Raphson algorithm can not converge and can not be used in the circular distribution network with PV. Both back/forward sweep algorithm and implicit
Z

bus Gaussian algorithm can converge and their results are consistent, but the computation time of the latter is almost 1/3 of the former. The latter is recommended for power flow calculation for annular distribution network with distributed PV.
Monitoring Method for Off-grid Capacity of Direct Drive Wind Farm
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Xindong , Zha Daojun , Hou Xiaofan , Wu Dan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A direct drive wind farm (DDWF) is composed of multitudinous permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), with a small single-unit capacity. When the power grid mal-functions, some units in the DDWF may enter a fault traversal state, and some units may be disconnected from the grid. At this time, the DDWF exhibits a decrease in active output. Due to the large number of units in DDWFs, it is difficult to directly monitor each off-grid unit, resulting in the inability of the power grid to timely and accurately determine the load shedding amount. This article proposes a monitoring method for the disconnection capacity of DDWFs, which can calculate the disconnection capacity of DDWFs after a fault occurs by only monitoring the electric quantity at the connection point of the DDWF. And a DDWF grid connection model is built using PSCAD simulation software. The reliability of the monitoring is authenticated through simulation using a single-phase grounding short circuit fault as an example.
Comparison of video-based algorithms for 2D human kinematics estimation: a preliminary study
Authors: Ceriola Luca , Mileti Ilaria , Donati Marco , Patanè Fabrizio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Many research efforts have been spent developing robust video-based algorithms for human pose estimation. Our goal was to compare video-based algorithms for pose estimation for gait analysis. We conducted an experiment with a healthy subject performing walking sessions on a treadmill at three different speeds: slow (3.6 km/h), medium (5 km/h), and high (7 km/h). An RGB 4k camera was placed laterally on the sagittal plane. Four algorithms were compared: (i) colour threshold filtering with blob-analysis, and three Deep Learning-based markerless algorithms (ii) TC-Former, (iii) FastPose and (iv) Blazepose. For colour threshold filtering with the blob-analysis algorithm, six magenta passive markers were placed over the joint centres of the subject’s lower limb. All selected deep learning-based markerless algorithms are supported by various open-source pose estimation toolboxes and are pre-trained on several whole-body keypoint datasets. The 2D trajectories of the joint centres were compared considering the root mean square error and Pearson’s coefficient. Preliminary results showed high correlations between marker and markerless algorithms for all walking speeds. TC-Former generally performed better with root mean square error on trajectories below 35 mm and did not suffer from self-occlusion issues.
Flow field investigation of Confined Coaxial Swirling Jets by Stereo-PIV
Authors: Cozzi F. , Francabandiera A. , Zampini L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work analyses the isothermal flow field of a research burner exploiting both swirl and radially staged combustion air. The burner is composed of two coaxial co-rotating swirling jets, and the swirl level of the two jets can be controlled independently of each other. The influence of the swirl levels on the flow field is experimentally investigated under isothermal conditions using the Stereo-PIV technique, and the results evidence significant differences in the mean flow field at the different swirl levels. The vortex breakdown occurs in all the investigated cases, except for the combination of the lowest outer swirl level and the intermediate inner swirl level. Besides, the central recirculating flow region shape and size are affected by the momentum ratio and swirl level of the central jet. When the swirl intensities of the two coaxial jets are at their maximum, LDV measurements evidence on the burner axis tangential velocity fluctuations at a frequency of about 86 Hz; a POD-based phase average of the PIV maps allows recognizing the presence of a Precessing Vortex Core (PVC) which induces a periodic merging of the two jets. Those results can be of significance in the design of double swirl burners and for the control of the combustion process. Nevertheless, further tests are required to extend the current analysis to combustion conditions.
Non-contact measurement techniques to study the microsized particle adhesion phenomenon
Authors: Suman A , Pinelli M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Airborne microsized particles are generated by artificial activity and natural sources. Due to their characteristics, these airborne particles are highly volatile and can cover thousands of kilometers according to weather conditions (in particular, wind intensity and humidity). As a result, these microsized particles could contaminate engineering systems determining their operation and performance modification. Phenomena such as photovoltaic panel soiling or gas turbine fouling are two of the most detrimental effects generated by the interaction between airborne particles and the relevant surfaces of the system. The present work proposes a set of non-contact measurement methodologies to study the adhesion phenomenon. The non-contact techniques are devoted to studying the deposited layer without altering the deposits. Image and video analysis have been used to show how the deposit can be studied in detail. Stationary and rotating facilities have been employed to show the applicability and the related constraints to the non-contact measurement techniques.
Uncertainty of feed forward neural networks recognizing quantum contextuality
Authors: Wasilewski Jan , Paterek Tomasz , Horodecki Karol 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The usual figure of merit characterizing the performance of neural networks applied to problems in the quantum domain is their accuracy, being the probability of a correct answer on a previously unseen input. Here we append this parameter with the uncertainty of the prediction, characterizing the degree of confidence in the answer. A powerful technique for estimating uncertainty is provided by Bayesian neural networks (BNNs). We first give simple illustrative examples of advantages brought forward by BNNs, out of which we wish to highlight their ability of reliable uncertainty estimation even after training with biased datasets. Then we apply BNNs to the problem of recognition of quantum contextuality, which shows that the uncertainty itself is an independent parameter identifying the chance of misclassification of contextuality.
Bioinspired 3D-printed scaffold embedding DDAB-nano ZnO/nanofibrous microspheres for regenerative diabetic wound healing
Authors: Metwally Walaa M , El-Habashy Salma E , El-Hosseiny Lobna S , Essawy Marwa M , Eltaher Hoda M , El-Khordagui Labiba K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There is a constant demand for novel materials/biomedical devices to accelerate the healing of hard-to-heal wounds. Herein, an innovative 3D-printed bioinspired construct was developed as an antibacterial/regenerative scaffold for diabetic wound healing. Hyaluronic/chitosan (HA/CS) ink was used to fabricate a bilayer scaffold comprising a dense plain hydrogel layer topping an antibacterial/regenerative nanofibrous layer obtained by incorporating the hydrogel with polylactic acid nanofibrous microspheres (MS). These were embedded with nano ZnO (ZNP) or didecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)-treated ZNP (D-ZNP) to generate the antibacterial/healing nano/micro hybrid biomaterials, Z-MS@scaffold and DZ-MS@scaffold. Plain and composite scaffolds incorporating blank MS (blank MS@scaffold) or MS-free ZNP@scaffold and D-ZNP@scaffold were used for comparison. 3D printed bilayer constructs with customizable porosity were obtained as verified by SEM. The DZ-MS@scaffold exhibited the largest total pore area as well as the highest water-uptake capacity and in vitro antibacterial activity. Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-infected full thickness diabetic wounds in rats indicated superiority of DZ-MS@scaffold as evidenced by multiple assessments. The scaffold afforded 95% wound-closure, infection suppression, effective regulation of healing-associated biomarkers as well as regeneration of skin structure in 14 d. On the other hand, healing of non-diabetic acute wounds was effectively accelerated by the simpler less porous Z-MS@scaffold. Information is provided for the first-time on the 3D printing of nanofibrous scaffolds using non-electrospun injectable bioactive nano/micro particulate constructs, an innovative ZNP-functionalized 3D-printed formulation and the distinct bioactivity of D-ZNP as a powerful antibacterial/wound healing promotor. In addition, findings underscored the crucial role of nanofibrous-MS carrier in enhancing the physicochemical, antibacterial, and wound regenerative properties of DDAB-nano ZnO. In conclusion, innovative 3D-printed DZ-MS@scaffold merging the MS-boosted multiple functionalities of ZNP and DDAB, the structural characteristics of nanofibrous MS in addition to those of the 3D-printed bilayer scaffold, provide a versatile bioactive material platform for diabetic wound healing and other biomedical applications.
Structure, optical, and electrical properties of layered oxychalcogenide Sr2ZnCu2(S1−x
Se
x
)2O2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) compounds
Authors: Kato Takahiro , Iwasa Yuki , Naik Sugali Pavan Kumar , Ishida Shigeyuki , Higashi Yoichi , Hase Izumi , Nishio Taichiro , Hongo Kenta , Maezono Ryo , Ogino Hiraku 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Layered oxychalcogenide Sr2ZnCu2(S1-x
Se
x
)2O2 compounds were synthesized via a solid-state reaction. Density functional theory calculations indicate different valence band maximum, Sr2ZnCu2Se2O2 was composed of Cu 3d–Se 4p, while Sr2ZnCu2S2O2 was dominated by the Zn 3d–O 2p hybrid orbital. Band gap was decreased as the Se-containing is increasing, from 2.5 eV to 2.2 eV. In contrast, electrical conductivity of the Se-substituted samples considerably increased from 10−3 S cm−1 at x = 0 to 10−1 S cm−1 at x = 0.25, and was almost the same at x = 1. Based on this feature, Sr2ZnCu2(S1-x
Se
x
)2O2 can be applied as a transparent conductor material.
Magnetic domain structure and magneto-transport properties of laser ablated Co40Fe40B20 thin films
Authors: Swamy G Venkat , Rout P K , Pandey Himanshu , Riscob B , Basheed G A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We report the magnetic domain structure, and electrical and magnetoresistance properties of laser ablated Co40Fe40B20 (CoFeB) (6 to 36 nm) thin films deposited on SiO2 / Si(001) substrates. Magnetic force microscopy performed on annealed CoFeB thin films revealed larger magnetic domains, which are formed due to strong exchange coupling between the grains. The temperature-dependent sheet resistance of as-deposited thin films revealed that the observed non-metallic behavior is due to intragrain-tunneling and SiO2 inclusions in the amorphous matrix. The metallic behavior of annealed CoFeB thin films is due to electron scattering from grain boundaries and granularity correlated to the formation of nano-crystallites. Thickness and field-dependent magneto-transport studies show higher magnetoresistance values for thinner annealed CoFeB films due to more scattering events upon crystallization, which is consistent with the granular nature of the annealed thin films.
Balancing biomass reaction stoichiometry and measured fluxes in flux balance analysis
Authors: von Kamp Axel , Klamt Steffen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Flux balance analysis (FBA) is widely recognized as an important method for studying metabolic networks. When incorporating flux measurements of certain reactions into an FBA problem, it is possible that the underlying linear program may become infeasible, e.g. due to measurement or modeling inaccuracies. Furthermore, while the biomass reaction is of central importance in FBA models, its stoichiometry is often a rough estimate and a source of high uncertainty.

Results
In this work, we present a method that allows modifications to the biomass reaction stoichiometry as a means to (i) render the FBA problem feasible and (ii) improve the accuracy of the model by corrections in the biomass composition. Optionally, the adjustment of the biomass composition can be used in conjunction with a previously introduced approach for balancing inconsistent fluxes to obtain a feasible FBA system. We demonstrate the value of our approach by analyzing realistic flux measurements of E.coli. In particular, we find that the growth-associated maintenance (GAM) demand of ATP, which is typically integrated with the biomass reaction, is likely overestimated in recent genome-scale models, at least for certain growth conditions. In light of these findings, we discuss issues related to the determination and inclusion of GAM values in constraint-based models. Overall, our method can uncover potential errors and suggest adjustments in the assumed biomass composition in FBA models based on inconsistencies between the model and measured fluxes.

Availability and implementation
The developed method has been implemented in our software tool CNApy available from https://github.com/cnapy-org/CNApy.