bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of carbon footprint reduction of green building technologies in China
Authors: Wang Xi , Pan Yiqun , Liang Yumin , Zeng Fei , Fu Ling , Li Jing , Sun Tianrui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Green building technologies (GBTs) play an important role in carbon emission reduction in the building sector. China is currently in the booming phase of green buildings construction and numerous studies have been conducted on GBTs, especially on the potential of reducing buildings’ energy consumption and carbon emissions. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various GBTs, including high performance envelope, lighting and daylighting, natural ventilation, heating, ventilation and air conditioning system and the utilization of renewable energy. After describing the phases of the building life cycle and the calculation method of building carbon emissions, the literature review focuses on the applications of GBTs in different climate areas in China as well as the main findings and innovations on their carbon reduction potentials. Finally, recommendations for GBTs development are proposed based on the existing researches to facilitate carbon neutrality in the building sector.
RF and thermal studies on conduction cooled Nb3Sn SRF cavity
Authors: Stilin N A , Holic A , Liepe M , Porter R D , Sears J , Sun Z 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Advancements in the development of Nb3Sn coatings for superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities have enabled efficient RF operation at 4.2 K. This has made the use of new cooling methods possible, namely those based on conduction cooling from commercial cryocoolers. Using cryocoolers in place of liquid helium as a cooling source eliminates the need for expensive and complex cryogenic infrastructure, making SRF technology accessible to small-scale applications in fields such as medicine, industry, environmental sustainability and more. At Cornell University, we have developed a new cavity testing assembly which uses a Cryomech PT420-RM cryocooler to cool a 2.6 GHz Nb3Sn cavity. We have performed several rounds of RF and diagnostic testing using this new assembly. Our best results demonstrated stable CW operation at 10 MV/m, with the cavity remaining at 4.2 K or lower. This represents breakthrough performance for a conduction cooled cavity, in which accelerating gradients relevant to some industrial applications were achieved. Our analysis highlights the importance of reducing thermal gradients across the cavity during cooldown; different methods for achieving this were successfully developed and demonstrated. We also found close agreement regarding thermal behavior between experimental measurements and numerical simulations, validating our chosen conduction cooling methods and providing guidance for future improvements. These findings will serve as a foundation for designing a new cryocooler-based cryomodule which will provide beam energy gains on the order of 1 MeV for beam currents up to 100 mA.
Early-life oxidative stress due to air pollution. A scoping review focusing on identifying potential ‘-OMICS’ biomarkers from body fluids
Authors: Coumans J V F , Al Jaaidi S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Exposure to air pollution (AP) is inevitable in daily life and an increasing number of epidemiological studies have reported that exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse health outcomes. Intrauterine, childhood, and adolescence are vulnerable periods, during which PM exposure can cause molecular changes, potentially leading to changes in metabolism and development. PM-induced oxidative stress is the underlying mechanism. Biomarkers can be used as illustrative measures of PM exposure to facilitate the assessment of potential health effects and provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The purpose of this scoping review is to report -OMICS biomarkers found in body fluids that are primarily related to oxidative stress and are already used to evaluate ambient AP exposure, as well as to identify knowledge gaps. Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were independently searched for all studies published between January 2013 and December 2022 that reported on -OMICS signature changes during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. Of the initial 757 articles, 36 met our inclusion criteria and reported on genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, lipidomic, and metabolomic biomarkers. The findings of this scoping review indicate that exposure to various ambient pollutants in early life can cause oxidative stress. Integrating biomarkers from top-down -OMICS studies in an epidemiological context may provide a clear picture of the biomarker selection process to establish a causal relationship between PM exposure and disease pathogenesis. This knowledge could lead to the conceptualization and subsequent development of novel preventative strategies.
Development and Validation of a Deep Learning–Based Histologic Diagnosis System for Diagnosing Colorectal Sessile Serrated Lesions
Authors: Wu Zhifeng , Yao Liwen , Liu Wen , Zhang Shiying , Zhang Lihui , Lu Zihua , Wang Jing , Chen Boru , Luo Renquan , Li Xun , Gong Rongrong , Luo Chaijie , Xu Youming , Zeng Zhi , Yu Honggang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The histopathologic diagnosis of colorectal sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) and hyperplastic polyps (HPs) is of low consistency among pathologists. This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning (DL)–based logical anthropomorphic pathology diagnostic system (LA-SSLD) for the differential diagnosis of colorectal SSL and HP.

Methods
The diagnosis framework of the LA-SSLD system was constructed according to the current guidelines and consisted of 4 DL models. Deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) 1 was the mucosal layer segmentation model, DCNN 2 was the muscularis mucosa segmentation model, DCNN 3 was the glandular lumen segmentation model, and DCNN 4 was the glandular lumen classification (aberrant or regular) model. A total of 175 HP and 127 SSL sections were collected from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University during November 2016 to November 2022. The performance of the LA-SSLD system was compared to 11 pathologists with different qualifications through the human-machine contest.

Results
The Dice scores of DCNNs 1, 2, and 3 were 93.66%, 58.38%, and 74.04%, respectively. The accuracy of DCNN 4 was 92.72%. In the human-machine contest, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the LA-SSLD system were 85.71%, 86.36%, and 85.00%, respectively. In comparison with experts (pathologist D: accuracy 83.33%, sensitivity 90.91%, specificity 75.00%; pathologist E: accuracy 85.71%, sensitivity 90.91%, specificity 80.00%), LA-SSLD achieved expert-level accuracy and outperformed all the senior and junior pathologists.

Conclusions
This study proposed a logical anthropomorphic diagnostic system for the differential diagnosis of colorectal SSL and HP. The diagnostic performance of the system is comparable to that of experts and has the potential to become a powerful diagnostic tool for SSL in the future. It is worth mentioning that a logical anthropomorphic system can achieve expert-level accuracy with fewer samples, providing potential ideas for the development of other artificial intelligence models.
Remarkable variation in androecial morphology is closely associated with corolla traits in Western Hemisphere Justiciinae (Acanthaceae: Justicieae)
Authors: Kiel Carrie A , Manzitto-Tripp Erin , Fisher Amanda E , Porter J Mark , McDade Lucinda A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Few studies of angiosperms have focused on androecial evolution in conjunction with evolutionary shifts in corolla morphology and pollinator relationships. The Western Hemisphere clade of Justiciinae (Acanthaceae) presents the rare opportunity to examine remarkable diversity in staminal morphology. We took a phylogenetically informed approach to examine staminal diversity in this hypervariable group and asked whether differences in anther thecae separation is associated with phylogenetically informed patterns of variation in corolla morphology. We further discuss evidence for associations between anther diversity and pollinators in this lineage.

Methods
For the Dianthera/Sarotheca/Plagiacanthus (DSP) clade of Western Hemisphere Justiciinae, we characterized floral diversity based on a series of corolla measurements and using a model-based clustering approach. We then tested for correlations between anther thecae separation and corolla traits, and for shifts in trait evolution, including evidence for convergence.

Key Results
There is evolutionary vagility in corolla and anther traits across the DSP clade with little signal of phylogenetic constraint. Floral morphology clusters into four distinct groups that are, in turn, strongly associated with anther thecae separation, a novel result in Acanthaceae and, to our knowledge, across flowering plants. These cluster groups are marked by floral traits that strongly point to associations with pollinating animals. Specifically, species that are known or likely to be hummingbird pollinated have stamens with parallel thecae, whereas those that are likely bee or fly pollinated have stamens with offset, divergent thecae.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that anther thecae separation is likely under selection in concert with other corolla characters. Significant morphological shifts detected by our analyses corresponded to putative shifts from insect to hummingbird pollination. Results from this study support the hypothesis that floral structures function in an integrated manner and are likely subject to selection as a suite. Further, these changes can be hypothesized to represent adaptive evolution.
Changes in mass allocation play a more prominent role than morphology in resource acquisition of the rhizomatous Leymus chinensis under drought stress
Authors: Yang Yuheng , Shi Yujie , Wei Xiaowei , Han Jiayu , Wang Junfeng , Mu Chunsheng , Zhang Jinwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Plants can respond to drought by changing their relative investments in the biomass and morphology of each organ. The aims of this study were to quantify the relative contribution of changes in morphology vs. allocation and determine how they affect each other. These results should help us understand the mechanisms that plants use to respond to drought events.

Methods
In a glasshouse experiment, we applied a drought treatment (well-watered vs. drought) at early and late stages of plant growth, leading to four treatment combinations (well-watered in both early and late periods, WW; drought in the early period and well-watered in the late period, DW; well-watered in the early period and drought in the late period, WD; drought in both early and late periods, DD). We used the variance partitioning method to compare the contribution of organ (leaf and root) biomass allocation and morphology to the leaf area ratio, root length ratio and root area ratio, for the rhizomatous grass Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev.

Key Results
Compared with the continuously well-watered treatment, the leaf area ratio, root length ratio and root area ratio showed increasing trends under various drought treatments. The contribution of leaf mass allocation to leaf area ratio differed among the drought treatments and was 2.1- to 5.3-fold greater than leaf morphology, and the contribution of root mass allocation to root length ratio was ~2-fold greater than that of root morphology. In contrast, root morphology contributed more to the root area ratio than biomass allocation under drought in both the early and late periods. There was a negative correlation between the ratio of leaf mass fraction to root mass fraction and the ratio of specific leaf area to specific root length (or specific root area).

Conclusions
This study suggested that organ biomass allocation drove a larger proportion of variation than morphological traits for the absorption of resources in this rhizomatous grass. These findings should help us understand the adaptive mechanisms of plants when they are confronted with drought stress.
Systematic review on raphide morphotype calcium oxalate crystals in angiosperms
Authors: Lawrie Natasha S , Cuetos Nekane Medrano , Sini Francesca , Salam Ghifary A , Ding Hangyu , Vancolen Arthur , Nelson Jessica M , Erkens Roy H J , Perversi Giuditta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Abstract. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals are biominerals present in a wide variety of plants. Formation of these crystals is a biomineralization process occurring in vacuoles within specialized cells called crystal idioblasts. This process is dependent on two key components: deprotonated oxalic acid, and calcium ions (Ca2+), and can result in multiple crystal morphologies. Raphides are needle-like CaOx crystals found in various plant organs and tissues. Though their function is highly debated, they can potentially store calcium, sequester heavy metals, protect against herbivory and possibly programmed cell death. The last review of the taxonomic and anatomical distribution of raphides across the plant kingdom dates back to 1980, in a review by Franceschi and Horner, prompting an updated systematic review of raphides in plants. We conduct a broad literature search to record plant taxa and tissue locations containing raphides. We provide an overview of raphide-forming plant taxa, discussing phylogenetic distribution of raphides at the order level, and report on the specific locations of raphides within plants. Our review reveals raphide occurrence has been studied in 33 orders, 76 families and 1305 species, with raphides presence confirmed in 24 orders, 46 families and 797 species. These taxa represented less than 1 % of known species per family. Leaves are the most prominent raphide-containing primary location in all three major angiosperm clades investigated: Eudicots, Magnoliids, and Monocots. Roots are least reported to contain raphides. The collation of such information lays the groundwork to unveil the genetic origin and evolution of raphides in plants, and highlights targets for future studies of the presence and role of plant raphides.
Everything First
Authors: Lord Errol 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNormative theory aims to understand the commonalities between ethics, prudence, epistemology, aesthetics and political philosophy (among others). One central question in normative theory is what is fundamental to the normative. The reasons-first approach holds that normative reasons are fundamental to the normative domain. This view has been challenged by proponents of alternative X-first views such as value, fittingness and ought. This paper examines the debate about the analysis of normative reasons and argues for a new form of reductive naturalism that analyses normative reasons in terms of fittingness, ought and value. I argue that this view is compatible with Reasons First because fittingness and the type of ought and value appealed to are not robustly normative notions. It is also extensionally and explanatorily plausible, and thus has much to recommend it on both first-order and second-order grounds.
Arctigenin derivatives improve exercise performance in mice: synthesis and biological evaluation
Authors: Zeng Wanbo , Wu Xiaowen , Zhu Huimin , Shi Weiguo , Li Xiang , Tan Junjie , Xu Liang 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Arctigenin (ARG) has potent antifatigue activity, but its clinical application has been restricted for its poor water solubility. In this study, seven ARG derivatives containing different amino acids coupled via an ethoxy linker were synthesized, and tested for their solubility, as well as activities to improve exercise performance in mice. All of the derivatives showed improved solubility compared to that of ARG. Derivative Z-A-6 exhibited the highest activity, showing that the mice ran a 4.88-fold greater distance in the running wheel test and swam a 2.86-fold greater time in the swimming test than those in the blank control group. Z-A-6 treatment increased the plasma superoxide dismutase and catalase concentrations as well as reduced lactic acid and blood urea nitrogen accumulation during exercise. Z-A-6 treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and no acute toxicity was observed. The results will contribute to the development of potential antifatigue agents.
Golden berry leaf extract containing withanolides suppresses TNF-α and IL-17 induced IL-6 expression in HeLa Cells
Authors: Yano Akira , Yuki Sayaka , Shiraishi Akiko , Hakozaki Mayuka , Kanno Yuko , Kimura Ken-ichi , Uesugi Shota 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Inflammation, characterized by the overexpression of IL-6 in various tissues, has been reported as a symptom of coronavirus disease 2019. In this study, we established an experimental system for overexpression of IL-6 in HeLa cells stimulated by TNF-α and IL-17, along with identification of anti-inflammatory materials and components from local agricultural, forestry, and fishery resources. We constructed a library of extracts from natural sources, of which 111 samples were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities. The MeOH extract of Golden Berry (Physalis peruviana L) leaf was found to exhibit strong anti-inflammatory properties (IC50 = 4.97 µg/mL). Preparative chromatography identified two active constituents, 4β-hydroxywithanolide E (4β-HWE) (IC50 = 183 nM) and withanolide E (WE) (IC50 = 65.1 nM). Withanolides are known anti-inflammatory ingredients of Withania somnifera, an Ayurvedic herbal medicine. P. peruviana leaves containing 4β-HWE and WE should be considered as useful natural resources for anti-inflammatory products.
Isobavachalcone inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via miR-193-3p/NF-κB/NFATc1 signaling pathway in BMMs cells
Authors: Liu Xin , Xu Xiaosa , Li Jinping , Shi Liying , Zeng Ying , Tang Siyuan , Liu Wei , Jia Lujuan , Li Yuhong , Zhang Jie 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTInhibition of extensive osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis. Isobavachalcone (IBC) is derived from the traditional Chinese herb Psoralea corylifolia Linn. We showed that IBC dose-dependently suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow monocyte/macrophage (BMMs) and osteoclastic bone-resorption function without cytotoxicity at a dose of no more than 8 µmin vitro. Mechanistically, the results of western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) indicated that IBC inhibited the RANKL-induced degradation of IκBα and phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in BMMs, and subsequently downregulated the expression of osteoclastic-specific genes and osteoclastogenesis-related proteins. TRAP staining and qRT-PCR showed that IBC can inhibit osteoclast differentiation by down-regulating the expression of miR-193-3p on osteoclast differentiation. Overall, our findings suggest that IBC may serve as a promising compound for the treatment of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases.
A step-economical divergent approach to isoflavenes based on Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling of a 3-boryl-2H-chromene with aryl bromides: application to total synthesis of isoflavonoid natural products
Authors: Uchida Yuichiro , Takikawa Hirosato , Kang Bubwoong 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a step-economical divergent synthetic approach for isoflavene derivatives using the Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling of a 3-boryl-2H-chromene and three aryl bromides. 3-Boryl-2H-chromene, which is not a well-explored species, was prepared via Miyaura–Ishiyama borylation of a 3-chloro-2H-chromene obtained through a Claisen rearrangement cyclization cascade reaction. Further conversion of the cross-coupling products, three isoflavene derivatives, afforded three isoflavonoid natural products with one or two additional reaction steps.
AIRRSHIP: simulating human B cell receptor repertoire sequences
Authors: Sutherland Catherine , Cowan Graeme J M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Summary
Adaptive Immune Receptor Repertoire Sequencing is a rapidly developing field that has advanced understanding of the role of the adaptive immune system in health and disease. Numerous tools have been developed to analyse the complex data produced by this technique but work to compare their accuracy and reliability has been limited. Thorough, systematic assessment of their performance is dependent on the ability to produce high quality simulated datasets with known ground truth. We have developed AIRRSHIP, a flexible and fast Python package that produces synthetic human B cell receptor sequences. AIRRSHIP uses a comprehensive set of reference data to replicate key mechanisms in the immunoglobulin recombination process, with a particular focus on junctional complexity. Repertoires generated by AIRRSHIP are highly similar to published data and all steps in the sequence generation process are recorded. These data can be used to not only determine the accuracy of repertoire analysis tools but can also, by tuning of the large number of user-controllable parameters, give insight into factors that contribute to inaccuracies in results.

Availability and implementation
AIRRSHIP is implemented in Python. It is available via https://github.com/Cowanlab/airrship and on PyPI at https://pypi.org/project/airrship/. Documentation can be found at https://airrship.readthedocs.io/.
Phenotypic differentiation in populations of a gladiator tree frog: environment, genetic drift and sexual selection
Authors: Nali Renato C , Zamudio Kelly R , Prado Cynthia P A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhenotypic differentiation among animal populations is common, yet few studies have simultaneously examined the adaptive and neutral mechanisms behind it. Such evolutionary processes become more relevant in species with complex behaviours that undergo global and local selective pressures throughout their geographical range. Here we measured and compared morphological and acoustic variation across the distribution range of a Neotropical gladiator tree frog that shows elaborate reproduction (territoriality, complex courtship and female choice). We then incorporated molecular and landscape data to examine the roles of sexual selection, genetic drift and acoustic adaptation to the environment in call differentiation, i.e. the acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH). We found that calls varied more than morphology among populations, but differences in calls or morphological traits were not explained by genetic differentiation. We found no evidence for the AAH, but a significant relationship in the opposite direction regarding call frequencies suggests an indirect role of sexual selection. Differentiation on call traits that are associated with individual discrimination and/or female attraction also corroborated an important role of sexual selection. We show that multitrait and multimechanism approaches can elucidate intricate processes leading to phenotypic variation among individuals and populations. We emphasize that studies of species with complex reproductive behaviours across their range may provide insights into different selective pressures leading to phenotypic differentiation.