bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transverse and longitudinal right ventricular fractional parameters derived from four-chamber cine MRI are associated with right ventricular dysfunction etiology
Authors: Sato Makito , Kato Tomoko , Ito Miyuki , Watanabe Yoko , Ito Junko , Takamura Chisato , Terashima Masahiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStudies of the usefulness of transverse right ventricular (RV) shortening are limited. We retrospectively analyzed the CMR images of 67 patients (age: 50.8 ± 19.0 years; men: 53.7%; Control: n = 20, Overloaded RV (atrial septal defect): n = 15, Constricted RV (pericarditis): n = 17, Degenerated RV (arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy): n = 15) (all enrolled consecutively for each disease) in a single center. We defined RV longitudinal (fractional longitudinal change: FLC) and transverse (fractional transverse change: FTC) contraction parameters. We assessed the FTC/FLC (T/L) ratio on four-chamber cine CMR views and compared the four groups regarding the fractional parameters. FTC had a stronger correlation (R2 = 0.650; p < 0.001) with RV ejection fraction than that with FLC (R2 = 0.211; p < 0.001) in the linear regression analysis. Both FLC and FTC were significantly lower in the Degenerated RV and Constricted RV groups compared with those in the Control and Overloaded RV groups. The T/L ratio was significantly lower in the Degenerated RV group (p = 0.008), while the Overloaded RV (p = 0.986) and Constricted RV (p = 0.582) groups had preserved T/L ratios, compared with the Control group. Transverse shortening contributes to RV function more significantly compared with longitudinal contraction. Impaired T/L ratios may reflect RV myocardial degeneration. RV fractional parameters may help precisely understand RV dysfunction.
A graph neural network-based bearing fault detection method
Authors: Xiao Lu , Yang Xiaoxin , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBearings are very important components in mechanical equipment, and detecting bearing failures helps ensure healthy operation of mechanical equipment and can prevent catastrophic accidents. Most of the well-established detection methods do not take into account the correlation between signals and are difficult to accurately identify those fault samples that have a low degree of failure. To address this problem, we propose a graph neural network-based bearing fault detection (GNNBFD) method. The method first constructs a graph using the similarity between samples; secondly the constructed graph is fed into a graph neural network (GNN) for feature mapping, and the samples outputted by the GNN network fuse the feature information of their neighbors, which is beneficial to the downstream detection task; then the samples mapped by the GNN network are fed into base detector for fault detection; finally, the results determined by the integrated base detector algorithm are determined, and the topnsamples with the highest outlier scores are the faulty samples. The experimental results with five state-of-the-art algorithms on publicly available datasets show that the GNNBFD algorithm improves the AUC by 6.4% compared to the next best algorithm, proving that the GNNBFD algorithm is effective and feasible.
Elasto-plastic analysis and optimal design of composite integral abutment bridge extended with limited residual plastic deformation
Authors: Rad Majid M. , Papp Ferenc , Ibrahim Sarah K. , Szép János , Gosztola Dániel , Harrach Dániel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the growing significance of structural theories concerning the composite structure analysed and designed plastically, this paper introduces a new optimisation method for controlling the plastic behaviour of a full-scale composite integral abutment bridge by employing complementary strain energy of residual forces that existed within the reinforcing rebars. Composite bridges are structures made of components such as steel and concrete, which are frequent and cost-effective building methods. Thus, various objective functions were used in this work when applying optimum elasto-plastic analysing and designing the composite integrated bridge structure that was tested experimentally in the laboratory. In contrast, the plastic deformations were constrained by restricting the complementary strain energy of the residual internal forces aiming to find the maximum applied load and the minimum number of steel bars used to reinforce the concrete column part of the structure. The numerical model employed in this paper was validated and calibrated using experimental results, which were considered inside ABAQUS to produce the validated numerical model, using concrete damage plasticity (CDP) constitutive model and concrete data from laboratory testing to solve the nonlinear programming code provided by the authors. This paper presents a novel optimization method using complementary strain energy to control the plastic behaviour of a full-scale composite integral abutment bridge, with the original contribution being the incorporation of residual forces within reinforcing rebars to limit plastic deformations. Following that, a parametric investigation of the various optimisation problems revealed how models performed variously under different complementary strain energy values, which influenced the general behaviour of the structure as it transitioned from elastic to elasto-plastic to plastic; also results showed how the complementary strain energy value is connected with the amount of damaged accrued in both concrete and steel.
Recurrent Cushing’s Disease in Adults: Predictors and
Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Ünal Mustafa , Selek Alev , Sözen Mehmet , Gezer Emre , Köksalan Damla , Canturk Zeynep , Cetinarslan Berrin , Çabuk Burak , Anık Ihsan , Ceylan Savaş 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCushing’s disease (CD) is characterized by endogenous hypercortisolism
that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Due to high
recurrence rates in CD, the determination of high-risk patients is of paramount
importance. In this study, we aimed to determine recurrence rates and clinical,
laboratory, and histological predictors of recurrence in a high volume
single-center. This retrospective study included 273 CD patients operated in a
single pituitary center between 1997 and 2020. The patients with early
postoperative remission were further grouped according to recurrence status
(recurrent and sustained remission groups). Demographic, radiologic, laboratory,
pathologic, and follow-up clinical data of the patients were analyzed and
compared between groups. The recurrence rate was 9.6% in the first 5
years; however, the overall recurrence rate was 14.2% in this study.
Higher preoperative basal ACTH levels were significantly correlated with CD
recurrence even with ACTH levels adjusted for tumor size, Ki-67 levels, and
tumoral invasion. Recurrence rates were significantly higher in patients with
ACTH levels higher than 55 pg/ml, tumor
diameter>9.5 mm, and if adrenal axis recovery was before 6
months. The severity of hypercortisolism, morbidities, and demographic factors
except age were not predictive factors of recurrence. Based on our study data,
younger age at diagnosis, a diagnosis of osteoporosis, higher preoperative ACTH
levels, larger tumor size, invasive behavior, higher Ki 67 index, and early
recovery of the adrenal axis during the postoperative period attracted attention
as potential predictors of recurrent disease.
Association Between Prehospital Blood Glucose Levels and Outcomes in
Patients With COVID-19 Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fehlmann Christophe A. , Suppan Laurent , Gaudet-Blavignac Christophe , Elia Nadia , Gariani Karim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Hyperglycaemia is associated with worse outcomes in many
settings. However, the association between dysglycaemia and adverse outcomes
remains debated in COVID-19 patients. This study determined the association of
prehospital blood glucose levels with acute medical unit (intensive care unit or
high dependency unit) admission and mortality among COVID-19-infected
patients.
Methods This was a single-centre, retrospective cohort study based on
patients cared for by the prehospital medical mobile unit from a Swiss
university hospital between March 2020 and April 2021. All adult patients with
confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection during the study period were included.
Data were obtained from the prehospital medical files. The main exposure was
prehospital blood glucose level. A 7.8 mmol/L cut-off was used
to define high blood glucose level. Restricted cubic splines were also used to
analyse the exposure as a continuous variable. The primary endpoint was acute
medical unit admission; secondary endpoints were 7-day and 30-day mortality.
Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to compute odds ratios.
Results A total of 276 patients were included. The mean prehospital blood
glucose level was 8.8 mmol/l, and 123 patients presented high
blood glucose levels. The overall acute medical unit admission rate was
31.2%, with no statistically significant difference according to
prehospital blood glucose levels. The mortality rate was 13.8% at 7 days
and 25% at 30 days. The 30-day mortality rate was higher in patients
with high prehospital blood glucose levels, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.5
(1.3–4.8).
Conclusions In patients with acute COVID-19 infection, prehospital blood
glucose levels do not seem to be associated with acute medical unit admission.
However, there was an increased risk of 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients
who presented high prehospital blood glucose levels.
Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Management of Symptomatic Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy in Children: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ponnam Hima Bindu , Varanasi Roja , Shil Ratan Chandra , R. Vinitha E. , Goel Meetu , Ramteke Sunil , Karthikeyan D. , Arya D. D. , Swain Trupti Laxmi , Bagdi Navita , Srivastava Priyanka , Manchanda R. K. , Oberai Praveen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Globally, adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is one of the most prevalent upper respiratory tract disorders of children, with associated troublesome symptoms such as sleep apnea and cognitive disturbances. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of individualized homeopathic medicines in the management of symptomatic ATH in children.
Methods A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted at five institutes under the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, India. Primary and secondary outcomes (symptom score for adenoids, other symptoms of ATH, Mallampati score, tonsillar size, Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder of the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire [SRBD-PSQ]) were assessed through standardized questionnaires at baseline and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Radiological investigations for assessing the adenoid/nasopharyngeal (A/N) ratio were carried out at baseline, 6 and 12 months. All analyses were carried out using an intention-to-treat approach.
Results A total of 340 children were screened and 202 children suffering from ATH were enrolled and followed up monthly for 12 months. Each patient received individualized homeopathic treatment based on the totality of symptoms. Statistically significant reductions in adenoid symptom score, Mallampati score (including tonsillar size), SRBD-PSQ sleep quality assessment and A/N ratio were found over time up to 12 months (p < 0.001). Homeopathic medicines frequently indicated were Calcarea carbonicum, Phosphorus, Silicea, Sulphur, Calcarea phosphoricum, Pulsatilla, Lycopodium and Tuberculinum. No serious adverse events were recorded during the study period.
Conclusion This study suggests that homeopathic medicines may play a beneficial role in the management of symptomatic ATH in children. Well-designed comparative trials are warranted.
Accessory cells precondition naïve T cells and regulatory T cells for cytokine-mediated proliferation
Authors: Sato Noriko , Bamford Richard N. , Bryant Bonita R. , Tagaya Yutaka , Waldmann Thomas A. 
Published: April 2023

Naïve T cells and regulatory T cells, when purified, do not proliferate to the γ
c
-cytokines IL-2, IL-7, or IL-15, despite their expression of cognate cytokine receptors. Dendritic cells (DCs) enabled the T cell proliferation to these cytokines, through cell-to-cell contact, but independent of T cell receptor stimulation. This effect lasted after separation of T cells from DCs, enabling enhanced proliferation of the T cells in DC-depleted hosts. We propose calling this a “preconditioning effect”. Interestingly, IL-2 alone was sufficient to induce phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT5 in T cells, but could not activate MAPK and AKT pathways and failed to induce transcription of IL-2 target genes. “Preconditioning” was necessary to activate these two pathways and induced weak Ca
2+
mobilization independent of calcium release-activated channels. When preconditioning was combined with IL-2, full activation of downstream mTOR, 4E-BP1 hyperphosphorylation, and prolonged S6 phosphorylation occurred. Collectively, accessory cells provide T cell preconditioning, a unique activation mechanism, controlling cytokine-mediated proliferation of T cells.
Effect of in-plane alignment on selective area grown homo-epitaxial nanowires
Authors: Nagda G , Beznasyuk D V , Nygård J , Jespersen T S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In-plane selective area growth (SAG) of III–V nanowires (NWs) has emerged as a scalable materials platform for quantum electronics and photonics applications. Most applications impose strict requirements on the material characteristics which makes optimization of the crystal quality vital. Alignment of in-plane SAG NWs with respect to the substrate symmetry is of importance due to the large substrate-NW interface as well as to obtain nanostructures with well-defined facets. Understanding the role of mis-orientation is thus important for designing devices and interpretation of electrical performance of devices. Here we study the effect of mis-orientation on morphology of selectively grown NWs oriented along the [1 1̅ 1̅] direction on GaAs(2 1 1)B. Atomic force microscopy is performed to extract facet roughness as a measure of structural quality. Further, we evaluate the dependence of material incorporation in NWs on the orientation and present the facet evolution in between two high symmetry in-plane orientations. By investigating the length dependence of NW morphology, we find that the morphology of ≈1 μm long nominally aligned NWs remains unaffected by the unintentional misalignment associated with the processing and alignment of the sample under study. Finally, we show that using Sb as a surfactant during growth improves root-mean-square facet roughness for large misalignment but does not lower it for nominally aligned NWs.
Molecular layer modulation of two-dimensional organic ferroelectric transistors
Authors: Luo Zhongzhong , Yao Yu , Liang Mingshan , Tian Fuguo , Sun Huabin , Xu Yong , Zhao Qiang , Yu Zhihao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ferroelectric transistors hold great potential in low consumption devices. Due to the high film quality and clean system, two dimensional organic semiconductors are widely employed to fabricate high performance organic electronic devices and explore the modulation mechanism of the molecular packing on device performance. Here, we combine the ferroelectric hafnium oxide HfZrO
x
and two-dimensional molecular crystal 2,9-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′-f]thieno[3,2b]thiophene (C10-DNTT) with controllable layers to study the molecular layer modulation of ferroelectric organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). The contact resistance, driving current and transconductance are directly affected by the additional access resistance across the upper molecular layers at the source/drain contact region. Simultaneously, the capacitance of Schottky junction related to the molecular layer thickness could effectively adjust the gate potential acting on the organic channel, further controlling the devices’ subthreshold swing and transconductance efficiency. This work would promote the development of low voltage and high performance OTFTs.
Degradation of I
c due to residual stress in high-performance Nb3Sn wires submitted to compressive transverse force
Authors: Senatore C , Bagni T , Ferradas-Troitino J , Bordini B , Ballarino A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Future particle colliders in search for new physics at the energy frontier require the development of accelerator magnets capable of producing fields well beyond those attainable with Nb-Ti. As the next generation of high-field accelerator magnets is presently planned to be based on Nb3Sn, it becomes crucial to establish precisely the mechanical limits at which this brittle and strain sensitive superconductor can operate safely. This paper reports on the stress dependence and the permanent reduction of the critical current under transverse compressive loads up to 240 MPa in state-of-the-art restacked-rod-process (RRP®) and powder-in-tube Nb3Sn wires. Single-wire experiments were performed at 4.2 K in magnetic fields ranging between 16 T and 19 T on resin-impregnated samples to imitate the operating conditions of a wire in the Rutherford cable of an accelerator magnet. Depending on the wire technology, we measured irreversible stress limit values—defined as the transverse stress value, leading to a permanent reduction in the critical current of 5%, assessed by convention at 19 T—ranging between 110 MPa and 175 MPa. This permanent reduction of the critical current after mechanical unload can occur for two reasons, which can be concomitant: the plastic deformation of the Cu matrix that produces residual stresses on the Nb3Sn lattice and the formation of cracks. We developed a method to identify the dominant degradation mechanism in our experiments that allowed us to predict the fraction of critical current lost due to residual stresses. Interestingly, we found that in the RRP® wires the measured reduction of Ic after unload from stresses as high as 240 MPa can be fully ascribed to residual stresses. An independent confirmation of this conclusion coming from a study combining x-ray tomography and deep learning Convolutional Neural Networks is also reported.
Can we use a machine learning approach to predict the impact of heatwaves on emergency department attendance?
Authors: Jian Le , Patel Dimpalben , Xiao Jianguo , Jansz Janis , Yun Grace , Lin Ting , Robertson Andrew 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Global warming has contributed to more frequent and severe extreme weather events, which has led to increased research on the health impacts of extreme heat. However, research on heatwaves, air quality, and their spatial impact on health service demand is limited. This study used machine learning (ML) approaches to obtain the optimised model to predict health service demand associated with those risk factors for an all-age model and compared it with young children (0–4 years) model in Perth. Ten years’ data (2006–2015) on emergency department attendances (EDA), socioeconomic status (SES), heatwaves, landscape fires, and gaseous and particulate air pollutants were collected. ML approaches, including decision tree, random forest (RF), and geographical random forest (GRF) models, were used to compare and select the best model for predicting EDA and identify important risk factors. Five-hundred cross validations were performed using the testing data, and a construct validation was performed by comparing actual and predicted EDA data. The results showed that the RF model outperformed other models, and SES, air quality, and heatwaves were among the important risk factors to predict EDA. The GRF model was fitted well to the data (R2 = 0.975) and further showed that heatwaves had significant geographic variations and a joint effect with PM2.5 in the southern suburbs of the study area for young children. The RF and GRF models have satisfactory performance in predicting the impact of heatwaves, air quality, and SES on EDA. Heatwaves and air quality have great spatial heterogeneity. Spatial interactions between heatwaves, SES, and air quality measures were the most important predictive risk factors of EDA for young children in the Perth southern suburbs. Future studies are warranted to confirm the findings from this study on a wider scale.
Optimising aerosol jet printing of collagen inks for enhanced piezoelectricity and controlled surface potential
Authors: Nair Malavika , Inwald Ella , Ives Liam , See Kirsten R M , Kar-Narayan Sohini 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Collagen is a highly versatile protein used in tissue engineering constructs and as a model piezoelectric biomaterial. The piezoelectricity of collagen can be enhanced through the alignment of collagen domains and fibres, although most fabrication techniques used to form dense collagenous constructs do not allow for significant collagen alignment. The use of aerosol jet printing (AJP) mitigates the limitations of using soluble collagen inks for bioprinting or extrusion-based 3D printing, particularly if microfibrillar collagen suspensions are used as a cost-effective and scalable ink source. In this work, Type I and Type II microfibrillar collagen from different anatomical sources were successfully deposited using AJP with two different atomisation methods, namely pneumatic-AJP (p-AJP) and ultrasonic-AJP (u-AJP). The printing parameters were optimised for their piezoelectric amplitude and surface potential. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the films revealed that ultrasonic atomisation did not cause notable denaturation of collagen, although the process resulted in the fractionation and preferential deposition of the oligomeric and gelatinous components within the slurry. The printed collagen samples displayed a piezoelectric response that was four times higher than the values obtained from drop-cast collagen films, and their surface potential was found to be positively correlated to the roughness of the films which can be controlled through the mode of atomisation. These results indicate the ability to enhance and control the piezoelectricity and surface potential using p-AJP and u-AJP, which offers a promising physical modulation technique to tailor cell adhesion, proliferation or differentiation for collagen-based tissue engineering constructs.