bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Methodology for the Thermographic Cooling Rate Measurement during Powder Bed Fusion of Metals Using a Laser Beam
Authors: Wenzler David L. , Bergmeier Katharina , Baehr Siegfried , Diller Johannes , Zaeh Michael F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPowder bed fusion of metals using a laser beam (PBF-LB/M) is a process that enables the fabrication of geometrically complex parts. In this process, a laser beam melts a metallic powder locally to build the desired geometry. The melt pool solidifies rapidly, which results in high cooling rates. These rates vary during the process in line with the geometric characteristics of the part, which leads to a non-uniform microstructure along with anisotropic mechanical properties. The unknown part characteristics prevent the process from being used in safety-critical applications. Thermographic in situ process monitoring provides information about the thermal field, enabling predictions of the resulting material properties. This study presents a novel methodology for the thermographic measurement of cooling rates during the PBF-LB/M process using a high-speed thermographic camera. The cooling rates occurring during the manufacturing of 316L tower-like specimens were measured. The cooling rate decreased with increasing build height, due to the heat accumulation in the parts. The microhardness profile of the parts was tested perpendicularly and parallel to the build direction. A significant decrease in hardness values was observed along the build height. The measured cooling rate was correlated to the microhardness profile of the specimens using a Hall–Petch type relationship. The results show a high level of reproducibility of the cooling rates between different specimens in the same build job as well as between subsequent build jobs. The presented methodology allows studying the effects of the geometry on the cooling rates and the resulting mechanical properties of 316L specimens.
On remembering, unlearning, and creating new stories
Authors: Basil Priya , Buckley-Zistel Susanne , Koloma Beck Teresa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this interview, Priya Basil—London-born author of fiction and essays who now lives in Berlin—reflects on colonial continuities and ruptures of Germany’s memoryscape. Taking the Humboldt Forum at the newly reconstructed Berlin Palace that houses Berlin’s ethnographic collections as a starting point, she talks about how the memory of the Holocaust and of colonial crimes committed by Germans connect yet also differ, what messages buildings such as the Berlin Palace communicate to visitors, whose voices are heard and silenced in the Humboldt Forum, and how this relates to some form of post-colonial justice—or not. She advocates for digging down into the provenance of objects in museums and exhibitions to unearth the dark histories that have led to their presence in Germany yet also in other former colonizing countries. To circumvent the master narrative of a collection, she argues it is paramount to let the objects “talk back” and to listen to their stories as opposed to the stories of the collectors and exhibitors.
Effects of best land management practices on the structure, composition and diversity of woody vegetation in agroforestry parklands: case of Dan Saga and Tabofatt villages in Niger republic
Authors: Salifou Saidou , Iro Dan Guimbo , Larwanou Mahamane , Karimou Ambouta Jean-Marie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe large-scale use of best land management practices has been instrumental in the accession of recent regreening in certain Sahelian areas. This study therefore aimed at highlighting the effect of the wide use of these practices on the structural and ecological parameters of the woody flora in agroforestry parklands. To this end, an inventory of ligneous vegetation was carried out on radial transects in an East–West and North–South direction in the villages clusters of Dan Saga and Tabofatt in Niger Republic. A variance comparison test was applied on the values from plots with practice compare to those from plots without practice (controls). In Dan Saga site, the results obtained show the significant effect of the practice of assisted natural tree regeneration on the density of trees (97 against 58 plants/ha for the control plots), on the basal area (3.04 against 1.98 m2/ha for the control plots), on regeneration (61.96% against 40.91% for the controls) and on floristic diversity (2.93 against 2.41 bits for the control plots) with a clear dominance of Combretaceae. On the other hand, this effect is relatively less significant in the case of Tabofatt site’s where the practice of planting trees coupled with water and runoff collection structures induced positive effect particularly on the basal area (2.29 against 1.90 m2/ha for plots controls), on the structure of the vegetation stood by the abundance of plants with average diameter (class from 5 to 10 cm) as well as the species diversity (2.54 against 2.18 bits for the controls) with a dominance of species of the Mimosaceae family. These results can be used as decision support tools to guide actions to scale up regreening in the Sahelian context.
Implementation of an Experiential Service-Learning Course in Biomedical Engineering Design for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Jaworski Justyn , Cho Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe unique characteristics of the training needed for today’s biomedical engineers can represent a challenge in curriculum design. Practical experiential learning for biomedical engineering undergraduates is important to prevent under-developed professional skills. In this teaching tips article, we provide an example of how to incorporate experiential learning into the biomedical engineering curriculum to address the need for undergraduates to gain the desired skillsets to serve as the next generation of leaders in engineering, medicine, and business all through the lens of civic engagement. Here we outline our implementation of a recently developed service-learning course for our sophomore students that allows introduction of biomedical engineering discipline-specific design process early on in their undergraduate studies. Student teams work to design, build, and test novel devices to solve the unmet need of community partners, and in doing so, the course prepares students in developing technologies that not only address public health needs but that are also embraced by the community. This course in team-based design can help train students in analyzing real world problems for needs-based biomedical engineering through projects identified by interaction with community partners. Providing specifics of how this course was implemented as well as our reflection on student learning, we offer an analysis of the areas of success, a discussion of how interactions with community partners benefits the student professional skills development, and considerations regarding implementation. Here we highlight the ability of this course to exercise students’ social awareness in the design of technologies to improve society by addressing the genuine needs of community partners.
Primary Health Center: Can it be made mobile for efficient healthcare services for hard to reach population? A state-of-the-art review
Authors: Akhtar Md Haseen , Ramkumar Janakarajan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndian healthcare system is in immediate need of a new healthcare delivery model to increase healthcare accessibility and improve the health outcomes of the marginalized. Inaccessibility and underutilization of Primary Health Centers (PHCs) disproportionately affect people living in remote areas. It is thus imperative for the designers, engineers, health professionals, and policymakers to come together with a collaborative mindset to develop innovative interventions that sustainably manage the accessibility of PHCs at large, promote preventive health, and thus improve the health outcomes of hard-to-reach communities. This article examines the available literature on barriers to primary healthcare in Indian context, the reason of failure of PHCs and the way forward. The article further analysis literature on existing Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) as an alternate solution to conventional PHCs and attempt to extract the major lessons to propose a mobile Primary Health Center (mPHC) in contrast to the existing conventional static PHCs. The intention is to find out the research gaps in the existing literature and try to address the same for future researchers, designers, engineers, health professionals and policy makers to think forward to make this idea of a mobile Primary Health Center (mPHC), as the main delivery model to cater basic healthcare services to the underserved communities.
The JAPS Library: A collection about art
Authors: Romero Martha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractJuan Antonio Pérez Simón has built one of the most extensive art collections in Mexico and it is well-known around the world. One of the least known facets of Juan Antonio Pérez Simón's collecting is that of a bibliophile, a facet that has led him to form one of the richest private libraries specializing in art in Mexico, known for its great expanse and diversity of themes, as well as for the importance of the works that comprise it. The Juan Antonio Pérez Simón (JAPS) Library is the custodian of Pérez Simón's book collection and strives to manage, research, and preserve the collection in order to strengthen and enrich it.
LARGE CARDINALS AS PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL REFLECTION
Authors: BAGARIA JOAN 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAfter discussing the limitations inherent to all set-theoretic reflection principles akin to those studied by A. Lévy et. al. in the 1960s, we introduce new principles of reflection based on the general notion of Structural Reflection and argue that they are in strong agreement with the conception of reflection implicit in Cantor’s original idea of the unknowability of the Absolute, which was subsequently developed in the works of Ackermann, Lévy, Gödel, Reinhardt, and others. We then present a comprehensive survey of results showing that different forms of the new principle of Structural Reflection are equivalent to well-known large cardinal axioms covering all regions of the large-cardinal hierarchy, thereby justifying the naturalness of the latter.
First virtual endocast description of an early Miocene representative of Pan-Octodontoidea (Caviomorpha, Hystricognathi) and considerations on the early encephalic evolution in South American rodents
Authors: Arnaudo María E. , Arnal Michelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe study of the cranial endocast provides valuable information to understand the behavior of an organism because it coordinates sensory information and motor functions. In this work, we describe for the first time the anatomy of the encephalon of an early Miocene pan-octodontoid caviomorph rodent (Prospaniomys priscus Ameghino, 1902) found in the Argentinean Patagonia, based on a virtual 3D endocast. This fossil rodent has an endocast morphology here considered ancestral for Pan-Octodontoidea and other South American caviomorph lineages, i.e., an encephalon with anteroposteriorly aligned elements, mesencephalon dorsally exposed, well-developed vermis of the cerebellum, and rhombic cerebral hemispheres with well-developed temporal lobes. Prospaniomys Ameghino, 1902 also has relatively small olfactory bulbs, large paraflocculi of the cerebellum, and low endocranial volume and degree of neocorticalization. Its encephalization quotient is low compared with Paleogene North American and European noncaviomorph rodents, but slightly higher than in several late early and late Miocene caviomorphs. Paleoneurological anatomical information supports the hypothesis that Prospaniomys was a generalist caviomorph rodent with terrestrial habits and enhanced low-frequency auditory specializations. The scarce paleoneurological information indicates that several endocast characters in caviomorph rodents could change with ecological pressures. This work sheds light on the anatomy and evolution of several paleoneurological aspects of this particular group of South American rodents.
Reconstructing Middle Horizon Camelid Diets and Foddering Practices: Microbotanical and Isotope Analyses of Dental Remains from Quilcapampa, Peru
Authors: Melton Mallory A. , Alaica Aleksa K. , Biwer Matthew E. , González La Rosa Luis Manuel , Gordon Gwyneth , Knudson Kelly J. , VanDerwarker Amber M. , Jennings Justin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study uses isotope and microbotanical data from the analysis of teeth and dental calculus to investigate camelid diet and foddering practices at Quilcapampa (AD 835–900). By providing taxonomically specific evidence of foods consumed, botanical data from dental calculus complement the more general impressions of photosynthetic pathways obtained through isotopic analysis. Results suggest that the camelid diet incorporated maize (Zea mays), algarrobo (Prosopis sp.), potato chuño (Solanum sp.), and other resources. The life-history profile of one camelid (Individual 3) reveals dietary change from mainly C3 plants to more C4 plant contributions as the animal aged. This pattern is supported by carbonate isotope results indicating that this individual spent its youth in the mid-valley ecozone before becoming more mobile later in life. As this life-history example shows, isotopic and microbotanical analyses are complementary approaches, clarifying a pattern of seasonal transhumance that linked the lives of humans and animals along the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000) caravan networks that crisscrossed the central Andes.
A paleothermometer for the northern Andes based on C3–C4 grass phytoliths
Authors: Crifò Camilla , Berrio Juan Carlos , Boom Arnoud , Giraldo-Cañas Diego A. , Bremond Laurent 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGrass-dominated ecosystems cover ~40% of Earth's terrestrial surface, with tropical grasses accounting for ~20% of global net primary productivity. C3 (cool/temperate) and C4 (tropical and subtropical) grass distribution is driven primarily by temperature. In this work, we used phytolith assemblages collected from vegetation plots along an elevation and temperature gradient in the northern Andes (Colombia and Ecuador) to develop a paleothermometer for the region. To accomplish this, we created a transfer function based on the inverse relationship between mean annual temperature (MAT) and the phytolith-based climatic index (Ic), which is the proportion of C3 over C4 grass phytoliths (GSSCP). To evaluate how accurately the index reflects C4–C3 grass abundance in vegetation plots, we compared it with semiquantitative floristic estimates of C4–C3 grass abundance. To further evaluate the 1 − Ic index as a proxy for C4–C3 grass abundance, we compared it with corresponding δ13C values (an independent proxy for C4–C3 vegetation). Results indicate that (1) GSSCP assemblages correctly estimate C4–C3 grass abundance in vegetation plots; (2) the Ic index outperforms the δ13C record in estimating C4–C3 grass abundance, even in open-vegetation types; and (3) our Ic index–based model accurately predicts MAT. This new calibrated proxy will help improve paleotemperature reconstructions in the northern Andes since at least the emergence and spread of C4 grasses in the region during the late Miocene.
Long-chainn-3 PUFA given before and throughout gestation and lactation in rats prevent high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in male offspring in a tissue-specific manner
Authors: Guriec Nathalie , Le Foll Christelle , Delarue Jacques 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigated whether long-chainn-3 PUFA (LCn-3 PUFA) given to pregnant rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet may prevent fetal programming in male offspring at adulthood. Six weeks before mating, and throughout gestation and lactation, female nulliparous Sprague–Dawley rats were given a chow (C) diet, HF (60·6 % fat from maize, rapeseed oils and lard) or HF in which one-third of fat was replaced by fish oil (HFn-3). At weaning, the three offspring groups were randomly separated in two groups fed C diet, or HF without LCn-3 PUFA, for 7 weeks until adulthood. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test both at weaning and at adulthood. Insulin signalling was determined in liver, muscle and adipose tissue by quantification of the phosphorylation of Akt on Ser 473 at adulthood. At weaning, as at adulthood, offspring from HF-fed dams were obese and displayed glucose intolerance (GI) and insulin resistance (IR), but not those from HFn-3 fed dams. Following the post-weaning C diet, phosphorylation of Akt was strongly reduced in all tissues of offspring from HF dams, but to a lesser extent in liver and muscle of offspring from HFn-3 dams. However, it was abolished in all tissues of all offspring groups fed the HF post-weaning diet. Thus, LCn-3 PUFA introduced in a HF in dams partially prevented the transmission of GI and IR in adult offspring even though they were fed without LCn-3 PUFA from weaning.
Conjugacy growth in the higher Heisenberg groups
Authors: Evetts Alex 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe calculate asymptotic estimates for the conjugacy growth function of finitely generated class 2 nilpotent groups whose derived subgroups are infinite cyclic, including the so-called higher Heisenberg groups. We prove that these asymptotics are stable when passing to commensurable groups, by understanding their twisted conjugacy growth. We also use these estimates to prove that, in certain cases, the conjugacy growth series cannot be a holonomic function.
Living with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights into identity from the IDEAL cohort
Authors: Stapley Sally , Pentecost Claire , Collins Rachel , Quinn Catherine , Dawson Eleanor , Morris Robin , Sabatini Serena , Thom Jeanette , Clare Linda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe continuing COVID-19 pandemic and social restrictions have impacted on the cognitive decline and mental health of people with dementia. Social isolation and loss of activities due to social restrictions may also have implications as to sense of identity for people with dementia. As part of the INCLUDE (Identifying and Mitigating the Individual and Dyadic Impact of COVID-19 and Life Under Physical Distancing on People with Dementia and Carers) component of the IDEAL (Improving the Experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life) cohort study, the overall aim of this subtle realist qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of people with dementia on living through the COVID-19 pandemic within the context of the ‘post-vaccine’ period and the national lockdowns in England and Wales; and to determine perceived challenges to and facilitators of ‘living well’ during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond as restrictions were eased. In addition, the study findings are considered in relation to understandings of identity in dementia which the broader accounts of living through the pandemic have highlighted. Seven people with mild-to-moderate dementia were interviewed and themes were derived using framework analysis. Themes suggest interviewees' stoic acceptance of the pandemic and social restrictions but also fear of decline related to the temporality of their condition as well as loss of self-confidence to re-engage with the world. Interviewees managed threats to social identity by striving to maintain social and emotional connections, where the importance of a shared, social identity, particularly for people with young-onset dementia, was also apparent. Unlike in previous studies during the pandemic, the relevance of occupation for identity was observed, where maintaining previous or new activities or occupations was important to facilitate identity as well as to keep a sense of purpose. Therefore, as well as supporting people with dementia as the pandemic eases, future research into occupation and identity in dementia is of potential value.
Antiquity market trends in Cycladic figurines, 2000–19: Studies in price, prevalence, and provenance
Authors: Devlin Liam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile the illicit trade in Cycladic figurines is a well-known phenomenon, and the escalatory impact of auction sales upon the looting of Cycladic deposits is widely accepted, there has been to date no systematic study of commercial transactions in Cycladic figurines. This study addresses this gap by performing a quantitative market analysis of auction house sales in Cycladic figurines between 2000 and 2019, examining the frequency with which they appear on the market, fluctuations in their price, and the nature of their provenance. In doing so, it sets out a methodology for navigating the ambiguous nature of antiquity market data, which can often give the misleading impression of a reforming market if the latent commercial contexts are not considered. Overall, a comprehensive insight is gained into the present state of the antiquities market in Cycladic figurines. This insight contributes much needed empirical data on the illicit antiquities trade and offers a new interpretative methodology that can be incorporated in future studies that seek to understand the true nature of antiquity market data.
Migration routes and stepping stones along the western flyway of Lesser White-fronted Geese (Anser erythropus)
Authors: Kruckenberg Helmut , Moonen Sander , Kölzsch Andrea , Liljebäck Niklas , Müskens Gerhard J. D. M. 
Published: January 2023

Summary
In 2015 and 2016 four Lesser White-fronted Geese (Anser erythropus), a globally threatened species, were caught and tagged during spring migration representing nearly 10% of the entire Swedish breeding population at the time. Two of the birds were followed over more than one season. Tracking data revealed an unexpected wide network of migration corridors and staging sites. Autumn and spring migration differed by stepping-stone sites and migration speed. So far unknown key stopover sites were discovered in Denmark, northern Germany, and Sweden. By using dynamic Brownian bridge movement models, the potential areas that Lesser White-fronted Geese used during migration are described and conservation implications spotlighted. This study provides another important piece of the puzzle describing the migration of Lesser White-fronted Geese in Western Europe.
Comparative study between SpermSlow™ hyaluronan and traditional sperm selection in ICSI outcome
Authors: Abd Elraouf Ahmed , Bakry Sayed , Kadry Ahmed , Abdelzaher Othman F. , Adel Mohammed 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe role of hyaluronic acid (HA) as a ‘physiologic selector’ is also well recognized in vitro: it has been demonstrated that spermatozoa that bind to immobilized HA in vitro are those having completed their plasma membrane remodelling, and cytoplasmic and meiotic maturation. Sperm selection using HA has been expected to increase the implantation rate in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. This work was designed to evaluate an alternative product for slowing sperm motility that contains HA and measures its outcomes: fertilization rate, embryo quality, and implantation and pregnancy rates. The present study found a positive drift in embryo quality that was statistically significant in the study group (SpermSlow™-ICSI) with teratozoospermia compared with PVP-ICSI in the same group. There were differences in the pregnancy rate (statistically insignificant in normozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, and teratozoospermia) in the SpermSlow-ICSI group compared with PVP-ICSI. The HA-ICSI technique in assisted reproduction technology (ART) is an important way to improve fertilization rate, embryo quality, and pregnancy rate.