bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive neural fault‐tolerant optimal control for nonlinear uncertain systems with dynamic state constraints
Authors: Wei Yan , Fu Jun , Yan Huaicheng , Fei Minrui , Wang Yueying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the issue of adaptive neural optimal fault‐tolerant control for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems subject to dynamic state constraints and external disturbances. To handle more general dynamic constraints, a unified tangent‐type nonlinear mapping is first proposed to transform the state‐constrained system into one free of constraints. To solve the problem of actuator faults and external disturbances, a single network adaptive dynamic program method is designed, which consists of a feed‐forward fault‐tolerant control scheme and a feedback differential game control strategy. Neural networks are employed to approximate the uncertainties and cost function, respectively. To handle the issue of “explosion of complexity,” a finite‐time convergent differentiator is established to estimate the derivative of virtual control signals in the backstepping design. Via Lyapunov stability analysis, asymptotic stability of the original and transformed nonlinear system is theoretically guaranteed. Two comparative simulation examples are provided to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed control approach.
Activities of the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system following a strong earthquake
Authors: Yilmaz Yücehan , Uçar Cihat , Yildiz Sedat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of post‐traumatic stress, caused by a strong earthquake, on the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal axis (HPA) and autonomous nervous system activity (ANS). Activities of the HPA (as salivary cortisol) and ANS (as heart‐rate variability [HRV]) were measured following the 2020 Elazig (Türkiye) earthquake (6.8 Richter Scale, classified as strong). A total of 227 participants (103 men (45%) and 124 women (%55)) provided saliva samples twice, namely, 1 week and 6 weeks after the earthquake. Of these participants, HRV was measured in 51 participants by 5 min continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recording. Frequency‐ and time‐domain parameters of the HRV were calculated to assess the activity of ANS and low/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio was used as surrogate for sympathovagal balance. Salivary cortisol levels decreased from week 1 towards week 6 (17.40 ± 1.48 and 15.32 ± 1.37 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.05). There were no gender differences (17.99 ± 2.63 and 16.90 ± 1.60 ng/mL, respectively for females and males, p > 0.05) for salivary cortisol levels. There were no differences in time‐ and frequency domain parameters of the HRV including LF/HF ratio (2.95 ± 0.38 ms2 and 3.60 ± 0.70 ms2, respectively for week 1 and 6, p > 0.05). The data show that HPA axis activity, but not that of the ANS, remains higher 1 week after the earthquake but decreases afterwards towards the sixth week, suggesting that the HPA axis might be responsible for the long‐term effects of a traumatic event like a strong earthquake.
Safe and Durable Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity via Nourishing and Remineralizing Dentin Based on β‐Chitooligosaccharide Graft Derivative
Authors: Li Bailei , Xu Jiren , Ai Ruixue , Zhang Haixing , Wei Mingjun , Zhang Rongqing , Bao Chunling , Wu Wenhui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common symptom of various dental diseases that usually produces abnormal pain with external stimuli. Various desensitizers are developed to treat DH by occluding dentine tubules (DTs) or blocking intersynaptic connections of dental sensory nerve cells. However, the main limitations of currently available techniques are the chronic toxic effects of chemically active ingredients and their insufficiently durable efficacy. Herein, a novel DH therapy with remarkable biosafety and durable therapeutic value based on β‐chitooligosaccharide graft derivative (CAD) is presented. Particularly, CAD indicates the most energetic results, restoring the amino polysaccharide protective membrane in DTs, significantly promoting calcium and phosphorus ion deposition and bone anabolism, and regulating the levels of immunoglobulin in saliva and cellular inflammatory factors in plasma. Exposed DTs are occluded by remineralized hydroxyapatite with a depth of over 70 µm, as shown in in vitro tests. The bone mineral density of Sprague‐Dawley rats' molar dentin increases by 10.96%, and the trabecular thickness of bone improves to about 0.03 µm in 2 weeks in the CAD group compared to the blank group. Overall, the ingenious concept that modified marine biomaterial can be a safe and durable therapy for DH is demonstrated by nourishing and remineralizing dentin.
Regulating Electrochemical Kinetics of CoP by Incorporating Oxygen on Surface for High‐Performance Li–S Batteries
Authors: Sun Rui , Qu Meixiu , Peng Lin , Yang Weiwei , Wang Zhenhua , Bai Yu , Sun Kening 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are widely studied because of their high theoretical specific capacity and environmental friendliness. However, the further development of Li–S batteries is hindered by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and the sluggish redox kinetics. Since the adsorption and catalytic conversion of LiPSs mainly occur on the surface of the electrocatalyst, regulating the surface structure of electrocatalysts is an advisable strategy to solve the obstacles in Li–S batteries. Herein, CoP nanoparticles with high oxygen content on surface embedded in hollow carbon nanocages (C/O‐CoP) is employed to functionalize the separators and the effect of the surface oxygen content of CoP on the electrochemical performance is systematically explored. Increasing the oxygen content on CoP surface can enhance the chemical adsorption to lithium polysulfides and accelerate the redox conversions kinetics of polysulfides. The cell with C/O‐CoP modified separator can achieve the capacity of 1033 mAh g−1 and maintain 749 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 2 C. Moreover, DFT calculations are used to reveal the enhancement mechanism of oxygen content on surface of CoP in Li–S chemistry. This work offers a new insight into developing high‐performance Li–S batteries from the perspective of surface engineering.
Rare‐Earth–Modified Metal–Organic Frameworks and Derivatives for Photo/Electrocatalysis
Authors: Fan Chuang , Dong Wenrou , Saira Yousaf , Tang Yawen , Fu Gengtao , Lee Jong‐Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives have attracted much attention in the field of photo/electrocatalysis owing to their ultrahigh porosity, tunable properties, and superior coordination ability. Regulating the valence electronic structure and coordination environment of MOFs is an effective way to enhance their intrinsic catalytic performance. Rare earth (RE) elements with 4f orbital occupancy provide an opportunity to evoke electron rearrangement, accelerate charged carrier transport, and synergize the surface adsorption of catalysts. Therefore, the integration of RE with MOFs makes it possible to optimize their electronic structure and coordination environment, resulting in enhanced catalytic performance. In this review, progress in current research on the use of RE‐modified MOFs and their derivatives for photo/electrocatalysis is summarized and discussed. First, the theoretical advantages of RE in MOF modification are introduced, with a focus on the roles of 4f orbital occupancy and RE ion organic coordination ligands. Then, the application of RE‐modified MOFs and their derivatives in photo/electrocatalysis is systematically discussed. Finally, research challenges, future opportunities, and prospects for RE‐MOFs are also discussed.
Existence of Solutions to a Phase-Field Model of 3D Grain Boundary Motion Governed by a Regularized 1-Harmonic Type Flow
Authors: Moll Salvador , Shirakawa Ken , Watanabe Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a quaternion formulation for the orientation variable in the three-dimensional Kobayashi–Warren model for the dynamics of polycrystals. We obtain existence of solutions to the $$L^2$$

L
2

-gradient descent flow of the constrained energy functional via several approximating problems. In particular, we use a Ginzburg–Landau-type approach and some extra regularizations. Existence of solutions to the approximating problems is shown by the use of nonlinear semigroups. Coupled with good a priori estimates, this leads to successive passages to the limit up to finally showing existence of solutions to the proposed model. Moreover, we also obtain an invariance principle for the orientation variable.
Comprehensive ECG reference intervals in C57BL/6N substrains provide a generalizable guide for cardiac electrophysiology studies in mice
Authors: Oestereicher Manuela A. , Wotton Janine M. , Ayabe Shinya , Bou About Ghina , Cheng Tsz Kwan , Choi Jae-Hoon , Clary Dave , Dew Emily M. , Elfertak Lahcen , Guimond Alain , Haseli Mashhadi Hamed , Heaney Jason D. , Kelsey Lois , Keskivali-Bond Piia , Lopez Gomez Federico , Marschall Susan , McFarland Michael , Meziane Hamid , Munoz Fuentes Violeta , Nam Ki-Hoan , Nichtová Zuzana , Pimm Dale , Bower Lynette , Prochazka Jan , Rozman Jan , Santos Luis , Stewart Michelle , Tanaka Nobuhiko , Ward Christopher S. , Willett Amelia M. E. , Wilson Robert , Braun Robert E. , Dickinson Mary E. , Flenniken Ann M. , Herault Yann , Lloyd K. C. Kent , Mallon Ann-Marie , McKerlie Colin , Murray Stephen A. , Nutter Lauryl M. J. , Sedlacek Radislav , Seong Je Kyung , Sorg Tania , Tamura Masaru , Wells Sara , Schneltzer Elida , Fuchs Helmut , Gailus-Durner Valerie , Hrabe de Angelis Martin , White Jacqueline K. , Spielmann Nadine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReference ranges provide a powerful tool for diagnostic decision-making in clinical medicine and are enormously valuable for understanding normality in pre-clinical scientific research that uses in vivo models. As yet, there are no published reference ranges for electrocardiography (ECG) in the laboratory mouse. The first mouse-specific reference ranges for the assessment of electrical conduction are reported herein generated from an ECG dataset of unprecedented scale. International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium data from over 26,000 conscious or anesthetized C57BL/6N wildtype control mice were stratified by sex and age to develop robust ECG reference ranges. Interesting findings include that heart rate and key elements from the ECG waveform (RR-, PR-, ST-, QT-interval, QT corrected, and QRS complex) demonstrate minimal sexual dimorphism. As expected, anesthesia induces a decrease in heart rate and was shown for both inhalation (isoflurane) and injectable (tribromoethanol) anesthesia. In the absence of pharmacological, environmental, or genetic challenges, we did not observe major age-related ECG changes in C57BL/6N-inbred mice as the differences in the reference ranges of 12-week-old compared to 62-week-old mice were negligible. The generalizability of the C57BL/6N substrain reference ranges was demonstrated by comparison with ECG data from a wide range of non-IMPC studies. The close overlap in data from a wide range of mouse strains suggests that the C57BL/6N-based reference ranges can be used as a robust and comprehensive indicator of normality. We report a unique ECG reference resource of fundamental importance for any experimental study of cardiac function in mice.
Trajectories of dietary patterns from pregnancy to 12 years post-pregnancy and associated maternal characteristics: evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Authors: Pervin Sonia , Emmett Pauline , Northstone Kate , Townsend Nick , Fatima Yaqoot , Huda M. Mamun , David McIntyre H. , Al Mamun Abdullah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dietary patterns (DPs) during pregnancy have been well researched. However, little is known about maternal diet after pregnancy. The aim of the study was to explore maternal DPs longitudinally, examine trajectories over 12 years after pregnancy and identify associated factors.

Methods
Of 14,541 pregnant women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) complete dietary information was available for 5336 women. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to derive DPs. DP scores at each time point were used to create DP trajectories using group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM). Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association with maternal factors.

Results
A total of six distinct DPs were identified over time with different numbers of DPs at each time point. The “healthy” and “processed” DPs persisted over the 12-year post-pregnancy. Three trajectories of “healthy” and “processed” DPs were identified from GBTM. Half the women were on the moderately healthy DP trajectory with 37% on the lower trajectory and 9% on the higher healthy DP trajectory. 59% of women were on the lower processed DP trajectory with 38% on the moderate trajectory and 3.3% on the higher processed DP trajectory. Low educational attainment, low social class and smoking in pregnancy were independently associated with being on a less favourable DP trajectory over the 12 years.

Conclusion
Health professionals should provide support on smoking cessation along with healthy eating advice during ante-natal counselling. Continued support on eating healthily after pregnancy would be beneficial for mothers and families.
Diurnal functional and anatomical changes in X-linked retinoschisis
Authors: Mautone Luca , Atiskova Yevgeniya , Druchkiv Vasyl , Spitzer Martin Stephan , Dulz Simon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the changes in macular cystic schisis (MCS) and sensitivity during the day in X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) patients.

Methods
Treatment-naïve patients with genetically verified XLRS underwent best-correlated visual acuity (BCVA) testing with ETDRS charts, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and microperimetry (MP) twice a day, at 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., to measure changes in central retinal thickness (CRT), macular volume (MV), average threshold (AT), and fixation stability parameters (P1 and P2).

Results
At baseline, the BCVA of the 14 eyes of 8 patients amounted 0.73 (± 0.23) LogMAR. Between timepoints, the BCVA increased in 3.21 letters (p = .021), the AV improved in 1.84 dB (p = .03, 9.73%), the CRT decreased in 24.43 µm (p = .007, − 4.05%), and the MV dropped in 0.27 µm3 (p = .016, − 2.68%). P1 and P2 did not variate. The collapse of the MCS led to the reduction of macula thickness. CRT at baseline correlated with the decrease of CRT (Spearman’s ρ: − 0.83 [p = .001]). Age and change of BCVA, CRT, and AV did not correlate among one another. Eyes with disrupted ellipsoid zone showed a more prominent change in CRT (p = .050). Photoreceptor outer segment length and integrity of the external limiting membrane and cone outer segment tips were not associated with BCVA, AT, or CRT variation.

Conclusion
Eyes of treatment-naïve XLRS patients show diurnal macular thickness and function changes. Eyes with pronounced macular thickness show a greater reduction of the MCS. These results should be taken into consideration in upcoming clinical trials in XLRS.

Trial registration number
Institutional Review Board of the Hamburg Medical Chamber (Ethik-Kommission der Ärztekammer Hamburg): 2020–10,328.
Maternal separation and its developmental consequences on anxiety and parvalbumin interneurons in the amygdala
Authors: Abraham Mate , Schmerder Kirsten , Hedtstück Malin , Bösing Kimberly , Mundorf Annakarina , Freund Nadja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe early postnatal period represents an exceptionally vulnerable phase for the development of neurobiological alterations, aberrant behavior, and psychiatric disorders. Altered GABAergic activity in the hippocampus and the amygdala have been identified in humans diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorders, as well as in respective animal models. Changes in GABAergic activity can be visualized by immunohistochemical staining of parvalbumin (PV) protein. Therewith, alterations in PV intensity as well as in the integrity of the perineural net surrounding PV positive (PV+) interneurons have been reported as consequences of early stress. In the current study, maternal separation (MS) was used to induce early life stress. Female and male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to MS over 4 h from postnatal days 2–20. Then, anxiety behavior and PV+ interneurons in the amygdala were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in adolescence or adulthood. MS induced increased anxiety behavior in the marble-burying test in adolescence as well as in the elevated plus maze in adulthood. No effect of sex was found. Concerning alterations of parvalbumin expression in the amygdala, a trend towards a lower number of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons was shown in the amygdala after MS in adolescence, with no differences in the total number of cells. The current study offers a developmental perspective, suggesting that the kind of anxiety behavior expressed by rats following MS changes over time from active to passive avoidance, indicating that effects of MS are highly dependent on developmental state. Moreover, a cell-type-specific effect of MS on the cellular composition of the amygdala is discussed. The presented study demonstrates the long-lasting consequences of early stress on behavior, offers a possible neurobiological correlate, and discusses possible mediators in the development of these alterations.
Controlling for fixed effects in studies of income underreporting
Authors: Nygård Odd E. , Thoresen Thor O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe expenditure method of Pissarides and Weber (J Public Econ 39(1):17–32, 1989) shows how one backs out measure of income underreporting by the self-employed by using food consumption as trace of true income. In this paper we make a case for using panel data and fixed effects estimation in such analysis, instead of OLS estimation. The main argument is that fixed effects estimation addresses the problem of omitted variable bias in the identification. We demonstrate the use of panel data and fixed effects estimation by using large-scale administrative register data on charitable donations, exploiting that the data can be turned into a panel dataset. The results suggest that the estimation technique matters—fixed effects estimates are smaller than OLS estimates.
Beyond Just Talking Strategy: Using Gaming Simulations to Catalyze Airline Managers’ Buy-in to Novel Strategies that Can Shape or Adapt to Profit Cyclicality
Authors: Langley Paul A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis empirical qualitative study explores the role of gaming simulations in catalyzing changes to organization-wide management’s perspectives on a novel strategy for aircraft orders and retirements. A large US airline developed the new strategy to tackle the pervasive problem of profit cyclicality, driving poor average profit performance across the cycle. Based on the dynamic model used to develop the strategy with senior management, a gaming simulation workshop was designed and delivered in groups of 20 to over 200 organization-wide managers. They tested various strategies for aircraft orders and retirements, under scenarios for market demand and conduct for competitors and regulators.A qualitative methodology was used to capture the workshop participants’ perspectives on the efficacy of various capacity strategies, before, during and after the workshop. The findings are that managers experiment risk-free with innovations in strategies for capacity orders and retirements and they do indeed discover for themselves that there are counterintuitive alternatives that can achieve large and stable profitable growth. These strategies depend on competitors (role-played by workshops participants in the simulation) cooperating to create a win-win equilibrium. Performance far exceeds the industry benchmark profit cycle.The contribution is the empirical evidence of the effectiveness of gaming simulations to catalyze managers’ shared beliefs and buy-in to a new strategy or business model. There are implications for practitioners in airlines and other sectors on the use of a gaming simulation workshop toolset, to help create such buy-in for an emerging strategy or business model. Protocols for best practice gaming simulation workshop design are discussed.
Infrastructures of Migrant (Im)mobilities in the Borderland of Burkina Faso and Niger
Authors: Doevenspeck Martin , Donko Kamal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExternalized “migration management” in West Africa involves different infrastructures of monitoring, control, and blockage of mobility. By taking the Kantchari/Makalondi borderland between Burkina Faso and Niger as a case, we study infrastructures that condition (im)mobility. We analyze infrastructures that both support migrant mobility and serve the European idea of keeping Africans in their place, but also analyze how these infrastructures are subverted, challenged, and used by the ones who are supposed to be immobilized by them in order to remain mobile. Hence, we develop a relational view of the infrastructure of (im)mobilities as a dynamic network of social organization, economic order, and technological integration.
Surface modification toughening of partially stabilized zirconia ceramics: by sub-eutectoid solution annealing
Authors: Ali M. El-Sayed , El-Houte S. , Ibrahim Omyma H. , Othman Kolthoum I. , Hassan A. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this investigation, surface modification toughening of partially stabilized zirconia ceramics, by sub-eutectoid solution annealing, has been performed. The Zr0.918Mg0.068Y0.014O1.925 designated (MZY) was prepared by mixing Magnesia Partially Stabilized Zirconia (MZ9) and Yttria Tetragonal Zirconia (TZ3Y) Polycrystal commercial powders using wet ball milling. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the MZY were investigated. XRD and SEM were used for phase analysis and microstructure examination of the sintered samples’ surfaces. The fracture toughness and hardness of the sintered compacts were determined by the Vickers indentation technique. The physical and mechanical properties of MZY were compared to those of MZ9 ceramics prepared under the same conditions. The results showed that, the Yttria addition inhibited the exaggerated growth of the tetragonal precipitates during sintering. The MZY showed a maximum in the fracture toughness of 12.9 MPa√m upon sub-eutectoid solution annealing at 1000 °C for 150 h, while the tetragonal precipitates in the MZ9 lost coherence due to their spontaneous massive transformation to the monoclinic phase via the decomposition reaction.
Explosion of continuous-state branching processes with competition in a Lévy environment
Authors: Ma Rugang , Zhou Xiaowen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe find sufficient conditions on explosion/non-explosion for continuous-state branching processes with competition in a Lévy random environment. In particular, we identify the necessary and sufficient conditions on explosion/non-explosion when the competition function is a power function and the Lévy measure of the associated branching mechanism is stable.