bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of adding verapamil to local anesthetics in peribulbar block for intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in vitreoretinal surgery
Authors: Aboul Fetouh Iman S. , Khattab Rehab S. , Salem Abeer S. , Naguib Nader N. , Omar Tamer 
Published: March 2023

Aims
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of verapamil as an adjuvant to the local anesthetics xylocaine and bupivacaine for peribulbar block in vitreoretinal surgery.

Settings and design
This blinded, randomized, controlled trial was carried out at the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt.

Patients and methods
A total of 82 eligible patients were randomly allocated into two groups. The control group received xylocaine, bupivacaine, and normal saline. Verapamil group were treated the same way as the control group but received 5 mg of verapamil instead of normal saline. The primary outcomes included the onset of sensory block, motor block, lid akinesia, duration of the block, and patients’ hemodynamics. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain, time to first analgesia, and patient’s and surgeon’s satisfaction.

Results
The onset of sensory block was significantly shorter in the verapamil group compared with the control group (42.6±10.1 vs. 52.2±23.6 s, respectively; P=0.020). A significant decrease in the mean rank of VAS score was recorded at two h in the verapamil group compared with the control group (30.72 vs. 47.50, respectively; P=0.001). Otherwise, the medians of motor block and lid akinesia and the mean duration of block did not show significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusions
Addition of 5 mg of verapamil to a mixture of 5 ml of xylocaine 2% and 5 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% in peribulbar block significantly shortened the onset of sensory block and reduced the postoperative pain but did not affect the onset of motor block or the duration of anesthesia.
Effect of adding dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine during superficial combined with ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block in total thyroidectomy
Authors: Elshayeb Mohamed S.A. , Shafshak Wafaa M. , Zanati Ola M.E. , Eldin Hesham M.G. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Many thyroidectomy patients suffer from pain after surgery that may delay early hospital discharge and place a significant burden on both the patient and the healthcare team. The aim of this study was to evaluate dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine in superficial and ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy.

Patients and methods
This prospective, randomized, double-blinded, and controlled study included 50 adult patients of either sex, aged 20–60 years, with American Society of Anathesiologists (ASA) class I or II, scheduled for elective total thyroidectomy under general anesthesia.

Results
Adding dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine significantly decreased the pain intensity as measured by the visual analog scale compared with group II. Heart rate levels in group I were significantly lower than that in group II in most periods of measurement. The duration of analgesia was prolonged in group I compared with group II, as the time to first dose of rescue analgesia ranged from 12 to 20 h in group I and from 4 to 12 h in group II. The total postoperative nalbuphine consumption was significantly lower in group I than group II. Postanesthesia recovery was significantly faster in group I than group II as measured by the modified Aldrete score 4 min postoperatively.

Conclusion
Adding dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine for bilateral superficial and ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block is considered to be an effective and safe method that efficiently managed acute postoperative pain, prolonged the time to first rescue analgesia, and reduced the needed for opioid consumption.
Efficacy of simvastatin in treating patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hassanin Abeer A.M. , Ali Nagy S. , Abd El Naeem Emad A. , Mahran Mokhtar M. 
Published: March 2023

Background/aim
Mortality and morbidity in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients are still high. Understanding the role of new treatments in these patients is critical. So the potential role of simvastatin in the treatment of TBI patients was examined in this research.

Methods
40 patients with acute TBI who were admitted to the ICU were split into two groups; the control group received standard care and head trauma protocol medications for 7 days, while the study group also received standard care and head trauma protocol medications but also received simvastatin 80 mg the first day and 40 mg every day for 6 days. ICU duration of stay and mortality, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Glasgow coma scale, amyloid precursor protein serum level at admission, 3 and 5 days after admission, and Glasgow outcome scale at discharge, 3 and 6 months after discharge were all noted.

Results
We found that the simvastatin group’s Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score at discharge had decreased significantly. The simvastatin group also showed greater Glasgow coma scale improvement beginning on day 3 of admission and continuing until day 7. When compared with the control group, simvastatin-treated patients had significantly lower levels of amyloid precursor protein on the third and fifth days of hospitalization. Patients using simvastatin had better Glasgow outcome scale results as compared with the control group.

Conclusion
We concluded that simvastatin has a promising effect in individuals with acute TBI.
Effect of noradrenaline infusion in central venous catheter versus external jugular vein on the outcome of septic shock patients
Authors: El-Morsy Amr A. , Dahroug Amr H. , Ali Asmaa A. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Sepsis is a medical life-threatening emergency that involves dysfunction of an organ induced by the host’s dysregulated extreme response toward an infection. Sepsis is prominent worldwide causing septic mortality and numerous critical illnesses. Septic shock is defined as severe persisting hypotension that is induced by sepsis although there is an adequate resuscitation of fluids.

Objective
This study aim was to assess the use of central venous catheter (CVC) and peripheral (external jugular) vein for low or moderate doses of noradrenaline regarding the outcome of septic shock among patients who are diagnosed with critical illnesses.

Patients and methods
This study is a prospective cohort study involving 120 patients according to sample size calculation with septic shock who were sorted randomly into two groups. Group I (the group involving the external jugular): 60 patients experienced septic shock and received low or moderate doses of noradrenaline in the external jugular vein. Group II (CVC group): 60 patients diagnosed with septic shock and received low or moderate noradrenaline doses in the CVC.

Results
Low or moderate doses of noradrenaline in the jugular line was associated with significantly higher blood pressure on day 7, and lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score on days 5 and 7 than the CVC group. There was a difference that is statistically significant between ICU-involved duration of stay among the two involved study groups as it was found lower significantly among the jugular group.

Conclusion
Low or moderate doses of noradrenaline can be administered safely within the peripheral line (jugular) in patients with septic shock with minor complications causing a decrease in the duration of ICU stay.
Supraclavicular block evaluation in oncoorthopedic patients under general anesthesia using perfusion index
Authors: Shah Shagun Bhatia , Jaipuria Jiten , Dubey Mamta , Vishnoi Gunjan , Chawla Rajiv , Bhargava Ajay Kumar 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks (SCBPB) are routinely placed prior to anaesthetic induction for post-operative pain relief after prolonged orthopaedic oncosurgery, since patients are required to remain awake for sensorimotor evaluation of block. If the window period after surgery but before anesthesia-reversal is employed for administering SCBPB, it bestows the quadruple advantage of being painless, not augmenting surgical bleed, longer post-operative analgesia and reduced opioid-related side effects. The problem spot is assessing SCBPB-efficacy under general anesthesia.

Methods:
This prospective, single-centric, observational cohort study included 30 patients undergoing upper limb orthopaedic oncosurgery under general anesthesia. Perfusion index (PI) was assessed using two separate units of Radical-7™ finger pulse co-oximetry devices simultaneously in both the upper limbs and PI ratios calculated. Skin temperature was noted.

Results:
After successful block, PI values in blocked limb suddenly increased after 5 min, progressively increasing for next 10 min, whereas PI failed to increase further above that attained post anaesthetic-induction in unblocked limb. PI values in the blocked limb were 4.32, 4.49, 4.95, 7.25, 7.71, 7.90, 7.94, 7.89, and 7.93 at 0, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 15 min post block-institution at reversal and 2 min, 5 min post-reversal, respectively. PI ratios at 2, 3, 5, 10, and 15 min post block-administration in the blocked limb, taking PI at local anaesthetic injection as denominator were 1.04, 1.15, 1.67, 1.78, and 1.83, respectively. Correlation between PI and skin temperature in the blocked limb gave a repeated measures correlation coefficient of 0.79.

Conclusion:
Monitoring trends in PI and PI-ratio in the blocked limb is a quantitative, non-invasive, inexpensive, simple, effective technique to monitor SCBPB-onset in anaesthetised patients.
Cholecystectomy in a patient with Broncho pleural fistula – An Anesthesiologist's tight rope walk
Authors: Tharsis Reshma P. , Thalepaddy Megha , Kaasat Ankita 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Patients presenting for surgery postlobectomy with Broncho pleural fistula are prone for perioperative respiratory complications and pose a significant challenge to anesthetist. Published data to guide perioperative management of such cases especially for abdominal surgeries are scarce. We describe a 51-year-old gentleman status postlobectomy with Broncho pleural fistula posted for cholecystectomy in view of symptomatic gallstones. Laparoscopic surgery was later converted to open surgery in view of surgical difficulties. Perioperative period was uneventful and proper modes of analgesia helped in faster recovery. Proper understanding of physiological and anatomical changes and proper planning of anesthesia facilitated safe and uneventful anesthesia.
Comparison of the ease of insertion and complications of the classical method of laryngeal mask airway insertion with an alternative method
Authors: Farbood Arash , Tayyebi Ghasem , Naderi-Boldaji Vida , Asmarian Naeimehossadat 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Goal:
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA), a supraglottic device for airway management and ventilation, is used both in emergencies, out of the operating room, and in the operating room during general anesthesia. This study aims to compare the success rate and complications of the classic insertion method (with a semi-inflated cuff) and another technique using the index and middle fingers of the second hand to prevent retroversion of the mask tip (alternative method).

Methods and Materials:
In total, 288 patients scheduled for short-time ophthalmologic elective surgeries under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to two groups for LMA placement; group C, classical method (with semi-inflated cuff), and group A, alternative method. Difficulty in placement, insertion duration, and the number of attempts were studied. Assessment of pharyngolaryngeal complications (blinded assessor) was made at the time of LMA removal.

Findings:
The success rate of LMA insertion in the classic group with first, second, and third attempts were 86.3%, 93.5%, and 94.2%, respectively, whereas in the alternative group these values in the first and second attempts were 98.6% and 100%, respectively, and there was no need for the third attempt. Insertion time was not significantly different. There was no meaningful difference between the rate of the bloody streak on the mask (P = 0.37) and the incidence of sore throat (P = 0.048) in the two groups of the study.

Conclusion:
This newly introduced technique can be considered as an alternative method when a difficult insertion situation is suspected or the classic technique of insertion has failed.
Estrelas e buracos negros: uma proposta transdisciplinar
Authors: Correia Lincoln , Ferreira Roberto Claudino , Rocha Lima Érika , Souza Leite Freddy , da Silva Cruz Maria Eduarda , Macêdo Ribeiro Simone , Santos de Jesus Vanessa 
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho advém de uma pesquisa de iniciação científica em educação em astronomia e transdisciplinaridade. O objetivo proposto foi, através da transdisciplinaridade expor o tema “Estrelas e Buracos Negros”. A elaboração da pesquisa se iniciou com estudos bibliográficos para composição de um texto didático sobre o tema e culminou num seminário online na modalidade curso de extensão. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram discentes de graduação daUESB e outras instituições, dentre estes e outros convidados compareceram 50 pessoas. A palestra foi conduzida com alternância de slides e do software astronômico Space Engine, a condução foi norteada pela abordagem transdisciplinar. Exploramos os sistemas estelares mostrando desde seu “nascimento” ao seu “fim” e os buracos negros. Aplicamos um questionário ao fim da apresentação para colher os resultados da pesquisa, para os quais destacamos que 79,2% disseram que a proposta transdisciplinar foi proveitosa. Concluindo então que a proposta cumpriu com seu perfil transdisciplinar com boa aprovação dos convidados, mas que necessita de melhoria em alguns aspectos.
Astronomia literária: o ensino e a divulgação em astronomia através da literatura de cordel
Authors: Anjos Zowguifer Emilio Nolasco dos , Alves Gabriel Soroldoni , Ribeiro Kaio Rodrigues , Bossan Maria Cristina de Souza , Machado Sofia de Souza 
Published: March 2023

A Astronomia é uma ciência que está presente na humanidade desde os primórdios e os seus conceitos e pesquisas são indispensáveis para uma evolução da sociedade. Apesar de sua grande importância, existem problemas em relação ao ensino e aprendizagem desta ciência no ensino básico, sendo necessário novos instrumentos e ferramentas para promover uma melhor compreensão e difusão desta importante ciência. Portanto, neste trabalho, faremos um apanhado teórico sobre os problemas relacionados ao ensino da Astronomia, a utilização da literatura de cordel para o ensino desta ciência, a utilização das redes sociais como um instrumento para a difusão do conhecimento e a criação do Projeto Astronomia Literária: uma página do Instagram para a divulgação e ensino dos principais conceitos de astronomia utilizando a literatura de cordel e os seus êxitos obtidos durante o tempo de funcionamento.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Yun Kargo Indonesia
Authors: Irbayuni Sulastri , Pratama Christian Rico Yudi 
Published: March 2023

The existence of problems in terms of performance is a top priority in this research. This study aims: 1.) To determine the effect of job satisfaction on the performance of employees of the courier department at PT. Yun Cargo Indonesia; 2.) To determine the effect of work discipline on the performance of employees of the courier department at PT. Yun Cargo Indonesia. The data used in this study is primary data, namely data obtained through questionnaires distributed to employees of the courier department of PT. Yun Kargo Indonesia, which consists of 58 employees and the sample used is 58 respondents. The measurement uses an ordinal scale with a Likert scale weighting technique. The technique in taking the sample using a saturated sampling technique. While the analysis used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS is a method for constructing predictable models when there are too many factors. The results of this study indicate that the higher the level of job satisfaction and work discipline, the higher the employee's performance.
Keywords: Author Job Satisfaction, Work Discipline, Employee Performance.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Daerah terhadap Kemiskinan:
Authors: Digdowiseiso Kumba , Rahardian Tino , Hartami Lira 
Published: March 2023

The special autonomous regions experienced fluctuating changes in poverty rates throughout 2013-2021 which were influenced by various factors. This study aims to determine the effect of regional financial performance as measured through the ratio of independence, effectiveness ratio, and the ratio of compatibility of capital spending on poverty based on the Head Count Index (HCI-P0) in the four special autonomous provinces including Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Papua Barat, dan Papua. Panel data as a combination of time series and the cross-section is obtained secondary from BPS and DJPK. This research method uses the panel data regression method and the Random Effect estimation model which was selected as the best estimator model. Data analysis in this study used the Eviews version 12 computer program. The results of the study stated that the financial independence ratio had a negative and significant effect on poverty. The ratio of effectiveness has a negative and insignificant effect on poverty, and the ratio of capital expenditure has a positive and significant effect. Simultaneously, the independent variable has a significant influence on the dependent variabel.
Keywords: Regional financial independence ratio, PAD effectiveness ratio,regional expenditure compatibility ratio, poverty, special autonomy
Pengaruh Pelatihan Media Digital terhadap Perkembangan Ekonomi dan Dakwah Masyarakat Desa Durian Kecamatan Pantai Labu
Authors: Mentari Ellyza Cindi , Asmara Gita Islya , Sudianto Sudianto , Liana Vega , Lubis Anggi Mayasari 
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted by KKN group of 30 North Sumatra State Islamic University (UINSU) which aims to find out and explain how the influence of digital media training on economic development and da'wah in the Durian Village community. This topic attracted the attention of KKN Group 30 because there were still many facts found in the field related to the literacy of the people of Durian Village to digital media, especially for economic development and da'wah in rural communities. The respondents from this study were all Durian Village communities who took part in digital media training. This study uses quantitative research with survey methods and statistical methods, while the data obtained will be tested using SPSS software. From the results of the research and the data obtained, it can be concluded: 1). There is a positive and significant influence between digital media training and the economic development of rural communities by 91%. 2) There is a positive and significant influence between digital media training and the development of da'wah by 84%. So it can be concluded that after holding digital media training, people are increasingly aware of digital media, especially to develop the economy and da'wah through digital media
Keywords: Training, Digital Media, Da'wah, Economy, Society
Evaluasi Pengelolaan Program Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) Kelas XI SMK Bidang Keahlian Bisnis dan Manajemen
Authors: Neliwati Neliwati , Khairani Khairani , Tambak Sonia Purba 
Published: March 2023

Field Work Practices (PKL) are learning opportunities for SMK/MAK, SMALB, and LKP students that are carried out through work practices in the workplace within a predetermined amount of time in accordance with the curriculum and workplace requirements. Since the school is in charge of running the field work practice program, it is necessary to conduct research by evaluating how the program is run. This study aims to reveal and analyze a number of things in detail, including (1) locating and evaluating a strategy. 2) comprehending and evaluating activity program control. Document review, observation, and interviews are used in this study's evaluative methodology. This study was carried out at Private Vocational School Al Washliyah 9 Perbaungan, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province. The school possesses expertise in business and management as well as two expertise competencies, which are Automation of Office Governance and Institutional Financial Accounting. The CIPP evaluation model, which evaluates Contex (C), Input (I), Process (P), and Product (P), is the one that is utilized. In order to produce an interpretive assessment, the CIPP model was modified in accordance with the requirements of the evaluation. At Al Washliyah 9 Private Vocational School, field work practices were planned and managed in accordance with effectiveness standards, including the Good program standards. Additionally, the evaluation results must be enhanced to become a very high standard for achieving the desired outcomes.
Keywords: management, Practical Field, Vocational High School
Tom Brady and Simeon Poisson: An Unlikely Duo
Authors: Cullen Lillian J. , Hogenhuis Valentina H. , Garcia Emily S. , Sommers Paul Martin 
Published: March 2023

Seven-time Super Bowl champion Tom Brady announced his retirement from the National Football League (NFL) on February 1, 2022. Forty days later, he changed his mind about retiring.
Tom Brady’s records through twenty-two NFL seasons are numerous and well known to fans of professional football. During his first twenty seasons with the New England Patriots and, more recently, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, the number of Tom Brady touchdown passes per game has something in common with a nineteenth century French mathematician, engineer, and physicist, Siméon Denis Poisson (1781 – 1840).
In this paper, the authors hypothesize that the number of Tom Brady touchdown passes per regular season game (all games, wins or losses) and the corresponding number per playoff game (all games, wins or losses) have followed a Poisson probability distribution. The close correspondence of these statistics to a Poisson distribution is stunning and astonishing, two words that have also been used to describe the 44-year-old quarterback during his playing career.
Are Baseball Games Getting Any Shorter?
Authors: Ritter Caroline A. , Sommers Paul Martin 
Published: March 2023

During the 2020 season, Major League Baseball implemented several rule changes to speed up games. In this paper, the authors examine the length of all nine-inning home games for each of baseball’s thirty teams in 2021 and 2019 to determine the effectiveness of these rule changes. The 2020 season was omitted because it was shortened by the coronavirus pandemic. Nine-inning home games became longer for twenty-three teams. For eleven of these teams, many of which are located in the largest Nielsen TV markets, the increase was statistically significant. For only one team was the average length of a nine-inning game discernibly shorter in 2021 than it was in 2019.