bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of selenium supplementation on sonographic findings of salivary glands in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients treated with radioactive iodine: study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Amini Sepide , Golshani Marjan , Moslehi Masoud , Hajiahmadi Somayeh , Askari Gholamreza , Iraj Bijan , Bagherniya Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Thyroid cancer is a very damaging disease. The most common treatment for this disease includes thyroidectomy and then using radioactive iodine (RAI). RAI has many side effects, including a decrease in salivary secretions, followed by dry mouth and oral and dental injuries, as well as increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Selenium can be effective in these patients by improving inflammation and oxidative stress and by modulating salivary secretions. So far, only one clinical trial has investigated the effect of selenium on thyroid cancer patients treated with radioiodine therapy (RIT) conducted on 16 patients; considering the importance of this issue, to show the potential efficacy of selenium in these patients, more high-quality trials with a larger sample size are warranted.

Methods
This is a parallel double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial that includes 60 patients aged 20 to 65 years with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) treated with RAI and will be conducted in Seyyed al-Shohada Center, an academic center for referral of patients to receive iodine, Isfahan, Iran. Thirty patients will receive 200 µg of selenium for 10 days (3 days before to 6 days after RAI treatment) and another 30 patients will receive a placebo for the same period. Sonographic findings of major salivary glands, salivary secretions, and sense of taste will be evaluated before and 6 months after 10-day supplementation.

Discussion
Due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as well as improving salivary secretions, selenium may improve the symptoms of thyroid cancer treated with radioactive iodine. In past studies, selenium consumption has not reduced the therapeutic effects of radiation therapy, and at a dose of 300 to 500 μg/day, it has not had any significant side effects in many types of cancer under radiation therapy.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20201129049534N6. Registered on 16 September 2021.
Impact of simulation-based training in addition to theoretical training versus theoretical training of nurses alone in the occurrence of adverse events related to arteriovenous fistula puncture in chronic hemodialysis patients: study for a cluster randomized controlled trial (SIMFAV2)
Authors: Guillouet Erwan , Tomadesso Clémence , Flores Bibiana Acevedo , Henri Patrick , Lanot Antoine , Morello Rémy , Guillouet Sonia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The technique of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) puncture is currently taught by colleagues within hemodialysis units. Even if the main principles of the technique are well known and common to all hemodialysis units, strong rationales are still missing to standardize fine practices such as the relative position of the needles, the angle of the needle at puncture, and the position of the bevel at the time of puncture and after the needle is in the vascular lumen.

Methods
We are conducting a prospective, comparative, center-randomized, multicenter study involving 8 hemodialysis centers. The primary objective is to compare the number of adverse events related to AVF puncture between a group receiving theoretical training plus simulation-based training (4 centers) and a group receiving only theoretical training (4 centers). The study will include all adult patients who are scheduled to have an AVF puncture performed by a hemodialysis-trained nurse during a scheduled chronic dialysis session.

Discussion
We hypothesize that a training program for nurses on the AVF approach in procedural simulation versus theoretical input alone would decrease the adverse events related to AVF punctures and would be beneficial for the patient. This study is innovative for several reasons. First, simulation-based training in continuing education among professionals is not widely used. Furthermore, training allows for the standardization of practices within the team, both technically and relationally.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05302505. Registered on March 17, 2022.
The Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) for serious mental illness in community mental health part 2: study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomized trial using train-the-trainer
Authors: Callaway Catherine A. , Sarfan Laurel D. , Agnew Emma R. , Dong Lu , Spencer Julia M. , Hache Rafael Esteva , Diaz Marlen , Howlett Shayna A. , Fisher Krista R. , Yates Heather E. Hilmoe , Stice Eric , Kilbourne Amy M. , Buysse Daniel J. , Harvey Allison G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Train-the-trainer (TTT) is a promising method for implementing evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs) in community mental health centers (CMHCs). In TTT, expert trainers train locally embedded individuals (i.e., Generation 1 providers) to deliver an EBPT, who then train others (i.e., Generation 2 providers). The present study will evaluate implementation and effectiveness outcomes of an EBPT for sleep and circadian dysfunction—the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C)—delivered to CMHC patients with serious mental illness by Generation 2 providers (i.e., trained and supervised within CMHCs via TTT). Specifically, we will investigate whether adapting TranS-C to fit CMHC contexts improves Generation 2 (a) patient outcomes and (b) providers’ perceptions of fit.

Methods
TTT will be implemented in nine CMHCs in California, USA (N = 60 providers; N = 130 patients) via facilitation. CMHCs are cluster-randomized by county to Adapted TranS-C or Standard TranS-C. Within each CMHC, patients are randomized to immediate TranS-C or usual care followed by delayed treatment with TranS-C (UC-DT). Aim 1 will assess the effectiveness of TranS-C (combined Adapted and Standard), compared to UC-DT, on improvements in sleep and circadian problems, functional impairment, and psychiatric symptoms for Generation 2 patients. Aim 2 will evaluate whether Adapted TranS-C is superior to Standard TranS-C with respect to Generation 2 providers’ perceptions of fit. Aim 3 will evaluate whether Generation 2 providers’ perceived fit mediates the relation between TranS-C treatment condition and patient outcomes. Exploratory analyses will (1) evaluate whether the effectiveness of TranS-C for patient outcomes is moderated by generation, (2) compare Adapted and Standard TranS-C on patient perceptions of credibility/improvement and PhenX Toolkit outcomes (e.g., substance use, suicidality), and (3) evaluate other possible moderators.

Discussion
This trial has potential to (a) inform the process of embedding local trainers and supervisors to expand delivery of a promising transdiagnostic treatment for sleep and circadian dysfunction, (b) add to the growing body of TTT literature by evaluating TTT outcomes with a novel treatment and population, and (c) advance our understanding of providers’ perceptions of EBPT “fit” across TTT generations.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05805657. Registered on April 10, 2023.
LC–MS/MS separation and quantitation of ribavirin in chicken and comparison of different mass spectrometric platforms
Authors: Xu Daokun , Huang Haolun , Hu Wenyan , Liu Xinmei , Yang Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed for the analysis of ribavirin in chicken. Samples was extracted with 0.1% formic acid and purified by Hypercarb cartridge prior to LC–MS/MS analysis. The eluates were evaporated to dryness, reconstituted in 1 mL 5mM ammonium acetate containing 5% acetonitrile (v/v) and 0.1% (v/v) formic acid. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Hypercarb analytical column under a gradient elution program with acetonitrile and 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in 5 mM ammonium acetate at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. The intraday and interday accuracy ranged from − 7.83 − 1.39%, and − 6.38 − 2.25%, with precisions between 1.34 − 3.88%% and 1.10 − 4.67%. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) of ribavirin was 0.1 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effect and stability. Application of the method confirmed 3 ribavirin positive samples out of 50 commercial chicken samples, with concentrations of ribavirin ranging from 0.9 μg/kg to 5.8 μg/kg a, respectively. Additionally, both AB Sciex 5500 and Agilent 6945B were proven to be suitable in ribavirin separation and quantification. The described method is suitable for the determination of ribavirin in chicken in analytical practice to monitor illegal addition of this kind of anti–viral drug.
Glycolic acid-based deep eutectic solvents boosting co-production of xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars from corncob and the related kinetic mechanism
Authors: Deng Hai-Qing , Lin Xiao-Hui , Fan Jun-Tao , Fu Ping-Zhang , Guan Jia-Jun , Lei Han-Lin , Liu Li-Hao , Lai Lin-Hao , Hou Xue-Dan , Lou Wen-Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Xylo-oligomers are a kind of high value-added products in biomass fractionation. Although there are several chemical methods to obtain xylo-oligomers from biomass, the reports about the deep eutectic solvents (DESs)-mediated co-production of xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars and the related kinetic mechanism are limited.

Results
In this work, glycolic acid-based DESs were used to obtain xylo-oligomers from corncob. The highest xylo-oligomers yield of 65.9% was achieved at 120 °C for 20 min, of which the functional xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs, DP 2–5) accounted for up to 31.8%. Meanwhile, the enzymatic digestion of cellulose and xylan in residues reached 81.0% and 95.5%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of metal inorganic salts significantly accelerated the hydrolysis of xylan and even the degradation of xylo-oligomers in DES, thus resulting in higher selectivity of xylan removal. AlCl3 showed the strongest synergistic effect with DES on accelerating the processes, while FeCl2 is best one for xylo-oligomers accumulation, affording the highest xylo-oligomers yield of 66.1% for only 10 min. Furthermore, the kinetic study indicates that the ‘potential hydrolysis degree’ model could well describe the xylan hydrolysis processes and glycolic acid/lactic acid (3:1) is a promising solvent for xylo-oligomers production, in particular, it worked well with FeCl2 for the excellent accumulation of xylo-oligomers.

Conclusions
Glycolic acid-based deep eutectic solvents can be successfully applied in corncob fractionation with excellent xylo-oligomers and fermentable sugars yields on mild conditions, and the large amount of xylo-oligosaccharides accumulation could be achieved by specific process controlling. The strategies established here can be useful for developing high-valued products from biomass.
From bites to barcodes: uncovering the hidden diversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Vietnam
Authors: Putt Qi Yan , Ya’cob Zubaidah , Adler Peter H. , Chen Chee Dhang , Hew Yan Xin , Izwan-Anas Noor , Lau Koon Weng , Sofian-Azirun Mohd , Pham Xuan Da , Takaoka Hiroyuki , Low Van Lun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Prompt and precise identification of black flies (Simuliidae) is crucial, given their biting behaviour and significant impact on human and animal health. To address the challenges presented by morphology and chromosomes in black fly taxonomy, along with the limited availability of molecular data pertaining to the black fly fauna in Vietnam, this study employed DNA-based approaches. Specifically, we used mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes to distinguish nominal species of black flies in Vietnam.

Methods
In this study, 135 mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were established for 45 species in the genus Simulium in Vietnam, encompassing three subgenera (Gomphostilbia, Nevermannia, and Simulium), with 64 paratypes of 27 species and 16 topotypes of six species. Of these COI sequences, 71, representing 27 species, are reported for the first time.

Results
Combined with GenBank sequences of specimens from Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, a total of 234 DNA barcodes of 53 nominal species resulted in a 71% success rate for species identification. Species from the non-monophyletic Simulium asakoae, S. feuerborni, S. multistriatum, S. striatum, S. tuberosum, and S. variegatum species groups were associated with ambiguous or incorrect identifications. Pairwise distances, phylogenetics, and species delimitation analyses revealed a high level of cryptic diversity, with discovery of 15 cryptic taxa. The current study also revealed the limited utility of a fast-evolving nuclear gene, big zinc finger (BZF), in discriminating closely related, morphologically similar nominal species of the S. asakoae species group.

Conclusion
This study represents the first comprehensive molecular genetic analysis of the black fly fauna in Vietnam to our knowledge, providing a foundation for future research. DNA barcoding exhibits varying levels of differentiating efficiency across species groups but is valuable in the discovery of cryptic diversity.

Graphical abstract
Patients with radiographic axial spondylarthritis have an impaired dietary intake—a cross-sectional study with matched controls from northern Sweden
Authors: Hulander Erik , Zverkova Sandström Tatiana , Beckman Rehnman Jeannette , Law Lucy , Söderberg Stefan , Forsblad-d’Elia Helena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, affecting about 0.2% of the Swedish population. Adequate nutritional intake is essential for maintaining physiological functions. A poor diet increases the risk of developing conditions such as obesity, osteoporosis, and/or atherosclerosis. Diet quality is also theorized to affect systemic inflammation. Dietary habits in patients with r-axSpA are largely unknown. The aims of this study were to assess dietary nutrient intake in r-axSpA patients and examine whether it differs compared to persons without r-axSpA.

Methods
r-axSpA patients (modified NY criteria) at the rheumatology clinic in Region Västerbotten, northern Sweden, were invited to take part in the Backbone study which investigates disease severity and comorbidities. In total, 155 patients were included. Nutritional intake was assessed by the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire MiniMeal-Q. Controls were collected from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (n = 30,154), a study that invited participants 50–64 years of age by random selection from the Swedish population register. Out of the 155 r-axSpA patients, 81 were in the same age span. Four controls were identified for each patient, matched on age (± 1 year), sex, and geographic location. Data on dietary intake was available for 319 controls. Statistical comparisons of dietary intake between patients with r-axSpA and controls were done by exact conditional logistic regression analysis, adjusted for country of birth, educational level, single household, weight, smoking status, and energy intake.

Results
Patients had a comparatively significantly higher energy intake from carbohydrates, a lower fiber density, and a lower intake of marine omega-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, intake of vitamins D, E, and K as well as selenium, folate, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, vitamin A, and β-carotene (a precursor of vitamin A and marker of vegetable and fruit intake) was significantly lower among patients compared to controls.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that r-axSpA patients have an impaired dietary intake. Notably, intake was lower in several nutrients theorized to have anti-inflammatory properties (fiber density, marine-omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and selenium). We further propose that nutrition screening might be incorporated into the management of r-axSpA patients.
The severity of psychosocial and functional morbidity among facially disfigured untreated noma cases in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebretsadik Heron Gezahegn 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Noma is a facially disfiguring disease that affects the oral cavity and midface structures. If left untreated, the disease is fatal. Noma causes severe cosmetic and functional defects in survivors, leading to psychiatric and social problems. However, there are limited data on psychosocial and functional sequelae associated with this disease. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate psychosocial and functional morbidity among facially disfigured untreated Noma cases. Study participants were volunteer patients diagnosed with noma and awaiting surgery at two noma treatment centers in Ethiopia. A questionnaire derived from the APA’s DSM-5, the DAS59, and the Appearance Anxiety Inventory protocol was used to measure the psychosocial and functional morbidity of the cases between September 16 and October 10, 2022.

Results
A total of 32 noma cases (19 women and 13 men) awaiting the next surgical campaigns were involved in the study. Study participants reported severe social (Likert score = 2.8) and psychological (Likert score = 3.0) morbidity. Functional limitation was moderate (Likert score = 2.9). This study has shown that psychosocial and functional morbidity in untreated noma cases in Ethiopia is substantial. Therefore, policymakers, clinicians, and researchers need to pay sufficient attention to providing adequate health care and preventing the occurrence of the disease in the long term.
Long-term environmental metal exposure is associated with hypomethylation of CpG sites in NFKB1 and other genes related to oncogenesis
Authors: Stepanyan Ani , Petrackova Anna , Hakobyan Siras , Savara Jakub , Davitavyan Suren , Kriegova Eva , Arakelyan Arsen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-term environmental exposure to metals leads to epigenetic changes and may increase risks to human health. The relationship between the type and level of metal exposure and epigenetic changes in subjects exposed to high concentrations of metals in the environment is not yet clear. The aim of our study is to find the possible association of environmental long-term exposure to metals with DNA methylation changes of genes related to immune response and carcinogenesis. We investigated the association of plasma levels of 21 essential and non-essential metals detected by ICP-MS and the methylation level of 654 CpG sites located on NFKB1, CDKN2A, ESR1, APOA5, IGF2 and H19 genes assessed by targeted bisulfite sequencing in a cohort of 40 subjects living near metal mining area and 40 unexposed subjects. Linear regression was conducted to find differentially methylated positions with adjustment for gender, age, BMI class, smoking and metal concentration.

Results
In the metal-exposed group, five CpGs in the NFKB1 promoter region were hypomethylated compared to unexposed group. Four differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were associated with multiple metals, two of them are located on NFKB1 gene, and one each on CDKN2A gene and ESR1 gene. Two DMPs located on NFKB1 (chr4:102500951, associated with Be) and IGF2 (chr11:2134198, associated with U) are associated with specific metal levels. The methylation status of the seven CpGs located on NFKB1 (3), ESR1 (2) and CDKN2A (2) positively correlated with plasma levels of seven metals (As, Sb, Zn, Ni, U, I and Mn).

Conclusions
Our study revealed methylation changes in NFKB1, CDKN2A, IGF2 and ESR1 genes in individuals with long-term human exposure to metals. Further studies are needed to clarify the effect of environmental metal exposure on epigenetic mechanisms and pathways involved.
Impacts of baseline biomarkers on cognitive trajectories in subjective cognitive decline: the CoSCo prospective cohort study
Authors: Hong Yun Jeong , Ho SeongHee , Jeong Jee Hyang , Park Kee Hyung , Kim SangYun , Wang Min Jeong , Choi Seong Hye , Yang Dong Won ,   CoSCo study group
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the rates of cognitive decline are variable according to underlying pathologies and biomarker status. We conducted an observational study and aimed to investigate baseline characteristics and biomarkers related with cognitive declines in SCD. Our study also assessed whether SCD participants showed different cognitive and biomarker trajectories according to baseline amyloid deposition.

Methods
This study is a part of a longitudinal cohort study conducted in multi-centers in South Korea between 2018 and 2021. Individuals (≥ 60 years old) with persistent cognitive complaint despite of normal cognitive functions were eligible for the study. All participants underwent neuropsychological tests, florbetaben PET scans, plasma amyloid markers, and brain MRI scans. Annual follow-up evaluations included neuropsychological tests and assessments for clinical progressions. Regional brain volumetry and amyloid burden represented by PET-based standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) were measured. We compared cognitive and brain atrophic changes over 24 months between amyloid positive-SCD (Aβ + SCD) and amyloid negative-SCD (Aβ-SCD) groups. Baseline factors associated with cognitive outcomes were investigated.

Results
A total of 120 participants with SCD were enrolled and 107 completed follow-up evaluations. Aβ + SCD participants (n = 20, 18.5%) were older and more frequently APOE4 carriers compared with Aβ-SCD participants (n = 87). Baseline cognitive scores were not different between the two groups, except the Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT) scores showing lower scores in the Aβ + SCD group. After 24 months, plasma amyloid markers were higher, and regional volumes (entorhinal, hippocampal, and pallidum) were smaller in the Aβ + SCD participants compared with Aβ-SCD participants adjusted by age, sex, and baseline volumes. SVLT delayed recall and controlled oral word association test (COWAT) scores indicated more declines in Aβ + SCD participants. Baseline left entorhinal volumes were related to verbal memory decline, while baseline frontal volumes and global SUVR values were related to frontal functional decline.

Conclusion
Aβ + SCD participants showed more cognitive decline and medial temporal atrophic changes during 24 months. Baseline neurodegeneration and amyloid burden were related with future cognitive trajectories in SCD.

Trial registration
This study was registered at CRIS (KCT0003397).