Az n-3 zsírsavak hatása nagy teljesítményű tenyészkocák fontosabb termelési és szaporodásbiológiai paramétereire
Authors: Roszkos Róbert 
Published: March 2023

Összefoglalás.

A kutatás célja olyan n-3 zsírsavakra alapozott takarmányozási módszer
fejlesztése, ami javíthatja a nagy teljesítményű tenyészkocák termelési
mutatóit, és ezáltal gazdaságosabbá teheti termelésüket. A kifejlesztett
kiegészítő takarmányok hatásainak vizsgálata nagyüzemi körülmények között, több
kísérletben, különböző dózisokban és eltérő időszakokban etetve történt. Az
eredmények pontosabb értékelése céljából a hagyományos vizsgálatok mellett
gyorsvizsgálati módszerek (pl. elektronikus orr) alkalmazására is sor került. A
kísérletek eredményei alapján olyan etetési stratégia kidolgozása van
folyamatban, amely hatékonyan képes kiegészíteni a magyarországi sertés
késztakarmányok esszenciális zsírsavkészletét, és hosszú távon eredményesen
javíthatja a tenyészkocák teljesítménymutatóit.

Summary.

The research aimed to develop a feeding strategy based on n-3 fatty acids, which
can improve the production parameters of high-performance breeding sows and
thereby make their production more economically advanced. To earn this, the
effects of the developed supplementary feeds on the performance of sows and
their piglets in several large-scale swine farm experiments, at different doses
and periods were investigated.
In the first trial, the effects of n-6 and n-3 fatty acid supplementation on the
performance parameters of sows and the fatty acid profile of sow milk were
examined. Besides traditional fatty acid analysis, a novel electronic nose
method was also used. The control group received 10 g of sunflower oil-based
supplementation rich in n-6 fatty acids per kg feed. Experimental animals
received the same amount of fish oil as an n-3 fatty acid source. The diets were
corn- and soybean meal-based. Supplementation of fish oil reduced the wean to
oestrus interval (non-significantly) in the trial group and decreased the number
of sows having oestrus later than seven days after weaning. The treatments did
not affect the performance of the subsequent farrow of sows. Supplementation of
fish oil significantly increased the amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,
especially eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5, n-3), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5,
n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6, n-3), in the milk (p
< 0.001). The chemical composition of milk was not affected by the
treatments. The electronic nose could separate milk samples collected from
control and trial groups based on their odour profile.
In the second trial, the effects of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on the
performance parameters of sows and their piglets were investigated in a special
nutritional situation when α-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-3) was already high in the
sows’ compound feeds. The control group received no supplementation during the
trial, but experimental animals received 5 g of fish oil-based supplement
instead of linseed meal-based supplementation. The diets were corn- and soybean,
and linseed meal-based. Supplementation of fish oil during lactation reduced the
weaning mortality of piglets in the trial groups (1st replication: p < 0.00;
2nd replication: p < 0.04). Wean to oestrus interval decreased significantly
in the case of the trial group in the 1st replication (p < 0.019) but was not
changed in the 2nd. The rate of late oestrus, conception, and farrowing were
apparently improved in the trial group in both replications compared to the
control. The results of the subsequent farrow were also better in the trial
group, where the number of live-born piglets increased in both replications
compared to the recent farrow.
Based on the results, a feeding strategy is being developed that can effectively
supply Hungarian sow feeds with those n-3 fatty acids, which can improve the
long-term performance parameters of breeding sows.