bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducting Polymer Microelectrode Arrays for Simultaneous Electrophysiology and Advanced Brain Imaging
Authors: Middya Sagnik , Carnicer‐Lombarte Alejandro , Sawiak Stephen , Hilton Sam , Curto Vincenzo F , Barone Damiano G , Schierle Gabriele S Kaminski , Malliaras George G 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn neuroscience research and clinical practice, electrophysiology is used to record and stimulate specific parts of the brain with high temporal resolution. This capability can be augmented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provides anatomical and functional information about the brain with large spatial coverage. However, metallic electrodes, commonly used in electrophysiology, are fundamentally incompatible with MRI due to heating concerns and imaging artefacts. Here, it is demonstrated that flexible micro‐electrocorticography (µECoG) arrays, with electrodes made of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), are compatible with ultra‐high magnetic field MRI up to 9.4 T. A scalable fabrication process is adopted that results in very repeatable electrochemical properties across devices. The volumetric capacitance of PEDOT:PSS leads to low electrode impedance and enables high‐resolution neural recordings of single‐unit activity from the cortical surface of rodents. Furthermore, the µECoG array creates minimal distortion in T2‐weighted anatomical brain MRI. Multimodal brain monitoring is demonstrated by performing simultaneous blood oxygen level‐dependent functional MRI (BOLD fMRI) in parallel with electrical stimulation from the µECoG array. The results show that the PEDOT:PSS µECoG arrays enable the combination of high‐resolution electrophysiology and advanced brain imaging in vivo.
Regulation of Li2S Deposition and Dissolution to Achieve an Efficient Bidirectional Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: You Dan , Yang Wenhao , Liang Yongshun , Yang Chunman , Yu Yiwei , Zhu Ziyi , Li Xue , Zhang Yiyong , Zhang Yingjie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPromoting the sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) and sulfur evolution reaction (SER) kinetics is crucial for practical lithium–sulfur batteries. However, the electrode will be passivated by insulated Li2S if blindly accelerated the SRR kinetics, meanwhile, the high activation energy of Li2S will lead to premature the oxidation of Li2S (SER), achieving limited catalyst. Here, a nano‐nickel nitrogen‐doped carbon gel material (CG/Ni) induces the instantaneous nucleation, further endows Li2S fast ion/electron transfer, resulting porous 3D growth instead single lateral growth. Therefore, CG/Ni material avoids being passivated, accelerating the SRR kinetics. Meanwhile, CG/Ni decreases the delithiation barrier, thus, facilitating the Li2S dissociation. Both experiments and theory calculation prove that CG/Ni achieves efficient bidirectional catalysis. Consequently, CG/Ni cathode delivers a low‐capacity decay ratio of 0.047% per cycle for 900 cycles at 5 C. This work unlocks a bidirectional catalyst and provide new insight for high‐efficiency lithium–sulfur batteries.
Bactericidal Hemostatic Sponge: A Point of Care Solution to Combat Traumatic Injury
Authors: Dey Rajib , Mukherjee Riya , Mukherjee Sudip , Haldar Jayanta 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUncontrollable haemorrhage and associated microbial contamination in the battlefield and civilian injuries pose a tremendous threat to healthcare professionals. Such traumatic wounds often necessitate an effective point‐of‐care solution to prevent the consequent morbidity owing to blood loss or haemorrhage. However, developing superior hemostatic materials with anti‐infective properties remains a challenge. To address this, an injectable, cationic dextran‐mesoporous silica nanoparticle‐based bactericidal hemostatic sponge (BACSTAT) has been developed. A dual crosslinking approach is adopted through in situ covalent cross‐linking through photo polymerization and silica nanoparticle‐induced non‐covalent interactions. This interconnected macroporous BACSTAT sponge has superior fluid absorption properties and fluid‐induced rapid shape recovery of the sponge helps to seal the irregularly shaped wound. Furthermore, this sponge can stimulate a coagulation cascade for rapid blood clotting in mice femoral vein incision and liver puncture model. The optimum sponge exhibited potent antibacterial activity against wide‐spectrum Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative pathogens. Notably, it is completely biocompatible with mammalian cells and mice skin. Significantly, this sponge reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa burden >99% in mice subcutaneous infection model with substantially lessening inflammatory responses in infected tissues. Collectively, the optimized sponge bears immense potential to be developed as point‐of‐care solution for military and civilian traumatic injury.
The Fabrication of Fluorine‐Free Stretchable Superhydrophobic Films Using Inverse Vulcanization Sulfur Polymer
Authors: Diniz Vinicius , Pugno Nicola M. , Rath Susanne , Crick Colin R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStretchable superhydrophobic materials have gained attention in recent years though challenges remain for widespread use, including the need for rapid, energy‐efficient, high‐throughput, and fluorine‐free fabrication methods. In this study, a stretchable superhydrophobic material is developed by coating parafilm with inverse vulcanization sulfur polymers. Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles are incorporated to create a Cassie–Baxter wetting state, achieving superhydrophobicity. The sulfur polymers are synthesized using perillyl alcohol (PER) at varying sulfur‐to‐PER ratios. The optimal coating formulation is determined to be 70 mg mL−1 of polymer, 50 mg mL−1 of SiO2 nanoparticles, and a sulfur‐to‐PER ratio of 1:1 (50% sulfur and 50% PER). The films maintained functionality when stretched due to controlled fragmentation that preserved the Cassie–Baxter wetting state. Mathematical modeling revealed a scaling relation between fragment area and thickness, showing that thicker layers produced larger fragments, impairing superhydrophobicity. This study also showcase the successful use of more sustainable bio‐based solvents (2‐methyltetrahydrofuran), where previous reports of similar processes have used chloroform. The fabricated films also demonstrated improved ultraviolet (UV‐C) stability (150 min) compared to other sulfur polymer coatings reported in the literature. This coating of flexible substrates presents a simple and environmentally friendly method for producing stretchable superhydrophobic films.
Periodic Light Modulations for Low‐Cost Wide‐Field Imaging of Luminescence Kinetics Under Ambient Light
Authors: Merceron Hélène , Coghill Ian , Lahlou Aliénor , Plamont Marie‐Aude , Jullien Ludovic , Saux Thomas Le 
Published: January 2025

AbstractImaging luminescence kinetics is invaluable in many fields, including biology and chemistry. However, the luminescence lifetime of most photo‐activated states is in the low ns‐µs range and its measurement requires adding costly image intensifiers to cameras to access the fast phenomena present. Here, the Rectified Imaging under Optical Modulation (RIOM) and Heterodyne Imaging under Optical Modulation (HIOM) protocols make this possible with standard low‐cost cameras only, even under ambient light. RIOM and HIOM originate from a thorough theoretical analysis, which showed that modulated illumination of any reversibly photoactivable luminophore probed at high frequency generates components of the luminescence response that are detectable at low frequency: RIOM harnesses the mean luminescence response to modulated light at a single frequency, whereas HIOM exploits the luminescence response to modulated light at two close frequencies. When the luminophore behavior obeys a two‐state model, the frequency dependence of the RIOM and HIOM observables can be used to extract a photoactivation time. In this work, their ability to retrieve maps of the luminescence lifetime of a reversibly photoswitchable protein, and phosphorescent microsensors are demonstrated. Where the luminophore does not obey a two‐state model, RIOM and HIOM can still retrieve rich information, as here exemplified by the recovery of kinetic fingerprints of the physiological state of a plant.
An experimental flow regime map to dynamically structure gas–solid bubbling fluidized beds
Authors: Wu Kaiqiao , Francia Victor , Jiang Shuxian , Coppens Marc‐Olivier 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEmploying oscillatory gas flows to create ordered bubble dynamics in fluidized beds represents a promising approach in reactor design, enhancing efficiency, scalability, and control. This study reports an extensive experimental campaign that identifies the operational regime for structuring Geldart B fluidized beds, introducing a novel pattern recognition algorithm to quantify flow stability and distinguish between “structured” and “unstructured” oscillating beds. The analysis reveals the characteristic features of structured units, including enhanced scalability, homogeneity with narrower bubble size and separation distributions, controlled bubble dynamics, and compartmentalized solid mixing. A nondimensional bubble size, derived from natural frequency and two‐phase theory, is proposed to describe the relationship between oscillation characteristics and bubble nucleation. This allows the formulation of a general map to fine‐tune oscillating bed operations. The study provides the first comprehensive framework for real‐time control of structured beds and sets the stage for further exploration in process intensification and scaling.
Optimized Directed Evolution of E. coli leucyl‐tRNA Synthetase adds many Noncanonical Amino Acids into the Eukaryotic Genetic Code Including Ornithine and Nϵ‐Acetyl‐Methyllysine
Authors: Ficaretta Elise D. , Yared Tarah J. , Bhattacharjee Subrata , Voss Lena A. , Huang Rachel L. , Chatterjee Abhishek 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSite‐specific incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins in eukaryotes has predominantly relied on the pyrrolysyl‐tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair. However, access to additional easily engineered pairs is crucial for expanding the structural diversity of the ncAA toolbox in eukaryotes. The Escherichia coli‐derived leucyl‐tRNA synthetase (EcLeuRS)/tRNA pair presents a particularly promising alternative. This pair has been engineered to charge a small yet structurally diverse group of ncAAs in eukaryotic cells. However, expanding the substrate scope of EcLeuRS has been difficult due to the suboptimal yeast‐based directed evolution platform used for its engineering. In this study, we address this limitation by optimizing the yeast‐based directed evolution platform for efficient selection of ncAA‐selective EcLeuRS mutants. Using the optimized selection system, we demonstrate rapid isolation of many novel EcLeuRS mutants capable of incorporating various ncAAs in mammalian cells, including ornithine and Nϵ‐acetyl‐methyllysine, a recently discovered post‐translational modification in mammalian cells.
Strategic Nitrogen Site Alignment in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Performance in Aqueous Zinc‐Iodide Batteries
Authors: Yin Liying , Guo Xiaoyu , Hu Junfang , Yan Kaimeng , Liu Lin , Shi Xiaoyuan , Cui Fengchao , Zhu Guangshan , Zhang Ning 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAqueous zinc‐iodine batteries (AZIBs) are gaining attention as next‐generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity, enhanced safety, and cost‐effectiveness. However, their practical application is hindered by challenges such as slow reaction kinetics and the persistent polyiodide shuttle effect. To address these limitations, we developed a novel class of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring electron‐rich nitrogen sites with varied density and distribution (N1‐N4) along the pore walls. These nitrogen sites enhance iodine species confinement and mass transport. Our experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the continuous and optimized distribution of nitrogen sites within the COF structure significantly reduces internal resistance and boosts redox activity. Moreover, the N4‐COF demonstrates superior performance compared to other porous materials, due to its high density and strategic alignment of active sites. The I2@N4‐COF cathode achieves a remarkable specific capacity of 348 mAh g−1 at 1 C, almost 1.8 times greater than that of the I2@N1‐COF, while also maintaining excellent cycling stability. This integration of a porous framework with aligned nitrogen sites in the N4‐COF structure not only enhances iodine redox behavior but also offers a promising design strategy for developing high‐performance AZIB electrodes.
Synergistic Electrode and Electrolyte Polarities Lead to Outstanding Organic Potassium‐based Batteries
Authors: Gui Binyu , Yang Xiaoteng , Fu Hongwei , Peng Peng , Lyu Wang , Rao Apparao M. , Zhou Jiang , Fan Ling , Lu Bingan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic materials are promising as battery electrodes due to their flexible design, low cost, and sustainability. Although high electrolyte concentrations are known to suppress organic cathode dissolution, the organic cathode solubility depends on the interplay between the electrode and electrolyte polarities, which remains unexplored. Here, we elucidate the delicate interplay of electrode and electrolyte polarities to achieve stable cycling of organic cathode. Notably, we demonstrate that the solubility of low‐polar organic cathodes initially increases and subsequently decreases in electrolytes with increasing polarity. In contrast, high‐polar organic cathodes display increasing solubility in electrolytes with increasing polarity. When the polarities of the organic cathodes and the electrolyte are tuned, the batteries show high‐capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency. For example, polyaniline||potassiated graphite (KC8) pouch cells deliver 2500 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.85 %. These new insights into low‐ and high‐polar organic cathode behavior in electrolytes lay a theoretical foundation for designing new organic battery electrodes and optimizing their electrolyte formulation.
Breaking Anionic Solvation Barrier for Safe and Durable Potassium‐ion Batteries Under Ultrahigh‐Voltage Operation
Authors: Heng Yong‐Li , Gu Zhen‐Yi , Liu Han‐Hao , Liang Hao‐Jie , Deng Yating , Zhao Jian , Wang Xiao‐Tong , Xue Zi‐Hang , Lü Hong‐Yan , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUltrahigh‐voltage potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) with cost competitiveness represent a viable route towards high energy battery systems. Nevertheless, rapid capacity decay with poor Coulombic efficiencies remains intractable, mainly attributed to interfacial instability from aggressive potassium metal anodes and cathodes. Additionally, high reactivity of K metal and flammable electrolytes pose severe safety hazards. Herein, a weakly solvating fluorinated electrolyte with intrinsically nonflammable feature is successfully developed to enable an ultrahigh‐voltage (up to 5.5 V) operation. Through breaking the anionic solvation barrier, synergistic interfacial modulation can be achieved by the formation of robust anion‐derived inorganic‐rich electrode‐electrolyte interfaces on both the cathode and anode. As proof of concept, a representative KVPO4F cathode can sustain 1600 cycles with 84.4 % of capacity retention at a high cutoff voltage of 4.95 V. Meanwhile, K plating/stripping process in our designed electrolyte also demonstrates optimized electrochemical reversibility and stability with effectively inhibited potassium dendrites. These findings underscore the critical impact of anion‐dominated solvation configuration on synergistic interfacial modulation and electrochemical properties. This work provides new insights into rational design of ultrahigh‐voltage and safe electrolyte for advanced PIBs.
Screening and Verification of Blood‐Activating Effective Component Group of Panax notoginseng Based on Spectrum–Effect Relationships
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Liu Mengmeng , Cao Yuxin , Hao Zhuangzhuang , Liu Jinfeng , Lyu Yan , Li Jiayuan , Wang Yu , Jiang Tingyve , Fan Wenxin , Lu Yifan , Zhang Ge , Wang Chunguo , Shi Jinli 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPanax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is one of the most famous natural medicines and widely used to promote blood circulation in health care. However, the active component group of P. notoginseng for activating blood is not clear. We aim to screen and validate the pharmacodynamic component group (PCG), which could exert the same blood‐activating effect as P. notoginseng. To clarify the active components, the chemical components were determined by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, and the fingerprint of P. notoginseng was established. Twenty candidate active monomers were selected through the spectrum–effect relationship analysis. Eleven active monomers, including Ginsenoside Rg1, Rb1, Rd, F1, Rh1, Rg2, Rb2, Rg3, and Rk1 and Notoginsenoside R1 and R2, were screened out as the PCG through validation by platelet aggregation test. Among them, the antiplatelet aggregation activity of Ginsenoside Rh1 was directly confirmed for the first time. The active component group could exert similar efficacy to the P. notoginseng extract in vitro and in vivo through the validation of in vitro platelet aggregation test and the rats with cerebral ischemia. This study laid the foundation for the quality evaluation of P. notoginseng and provided a reference for the research on the material basis of the pharmacodynamics of other Chinese herbs.
Preparation of a Multifunctional Polymer‐Stabilized Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Broadband Reflective Film Doped With ZIF‐8
Authors: Zhao Yuzhen , Yang Dongliang , Lu Yinfu , Li Kexuan , Guo Zhun , Gao Jianjing , Yao Ruijuan , Wang Dong , Luan Yi , Gao Hong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) materials with broadband reflective properties have garnered much attention because of their light‐selective reflective properties. In this study, broadband reflective films were prepared by doping a novel UV absorber, ZIF‐8, into a CLC system to take advantage of the formation of a UV intensity gradient. The effects of ZIF‐8 content, C6M content, UV intensity, UV irradiation time, and diffusion temperature on the reflection bandwidth of the samples were systematically investigated. The reflection bandwidth was expanded from 277 to 429 nm under optimum conditions. In addition, the ZIF‐8‐doped broadband reflective films not only have IR thermal control and UV shielding capabilities but also have the optical property of third‐order nonlinear saturable absorption, which makes the preparation of multifunctional broadband reflective films possible. The above results show that the developed thin films have a broad application prospect in building energy saving, UV protection, and laser protection.
Antiparasitic Activities of Plants From the Traditional Senegalese Pharmacopoeia: Isolation of Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Ellagic Acid Derivatives From Terminalia Avicennioides
Authors: Ba Abda , Roumy Vincent , Hughes Kristelle , Samaillie Jennifer , Bourlet Maude , Hennebelle Thierry , Ndoye Samba Fama , Herent Marie‐France , Quetin‐Leclercq Joëlle , Seck Matar , Rivière Céline 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTParasitic diseases such as trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis pose significant health challenges in Africa. The Senegalese Pharmacopoeia, known for its many medicinal plants with anti‐infectious properties, can be a source of antiparasitic natural products. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antiparasitic activities of 33 methanolic extracts from 24 ethnopharmacologically selected plants against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (Tbb) and Leishmania mexicana mexicana (Lmm), as well as their cytotoxic activities on WI‐38 cells. The most promising plant species were Balanites aegyptiaca, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Vachellia nilotica and four Combretaceae species. In a second step, antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial compounds were isolated by preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography from one of the most active plant extracts, Terminalia avicennioides leaves. Four ellagic acid derivatives were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (1D & 2D) and high‐resolution electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry (HR‐ESI‐MS/MS) as 3,4,3‐tri‐O‐methylellagic acid (2), 3,4,5‐O‐trimethyl‐3',4'‐O,O‐methylideneflavellagic acid (3), hexamethylcoruleoellagic acid (4) and pentamethylflavellagic acid (5). In addition, HR‐ESI‐MS/MS‐based dereplication analysis was performed to putatively identify compounds in active cyclohexane and dichloromethane sub‐extracts. Pentamethylflavellagic acid (5) showed the most promising activity against Tbb (half‐maximal inhibitory concentration = 6.20 µM). This is the first time that these compounds have been isolated from T. avicennioides and evaluated for their antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities.
Development of Inductive Energy Storage Pulsed Power Generator Using GaN Power Semiconductor Switches
Authors: Oneda Yuki , Fujimi Momo , Nagao Kazuki , Sugai Taichi , Tokuchi Akira , Jiang Weihua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCharacterizations of pulsed power output for pulsed power generator using GaN FET have been evaluated and compared with using SiC‐MOS FET. The fast rise/fall time of output voltage without the dependance on the dummy load has attractive feathers. However, the surge voltage between drain and source terminals, exceeding the maximum rating occurred due to the fast turn‐off speed feathers of Gallium nitride (GaN) FET, which has limited the power capability. The inductive energy storage pulsed power generator using GaN FETs as opening switches has developed, and the output obtains a maximum voltage of ∼900 V with rise/fall time of <20 ns. The fast current interruption characteristics by the turn‐off of GaN FET lead to high voltage‐pulsed output.