bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and implementation of a continuing care program for patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities in family medicine
Authors: Stephens Mary M , Casola Allison R , Cooper Emma T , Rea Olivia , Roseman Karin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the United States, individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) consistently experience health disparities. One factor is limited access to quality healthcare services equipped to meet the needs of those with IDD, particularly as they transition to adulthood. The purpose of this work is to describe the development and implementation of Jefferson’s Continuing Care Program (JCCP), which was designed to address this care gap. We share how the idea, logistics, and support for the clinic were developed; how JCCP was designed to be uniquely accessible both via physical space and clinic flow; and how those challenges encountered have been crucial for fine-tuning optimal patient care. Since its inception in 2019, JCCP has made large strides towards educating the next generation of medical providers to care for patients with IDD. Looking to the future, JCCP plans to broaden its impact by serving more patients, continuing our advocacy and education work, and continuing to adapt to the needs of our community.
Initial type and abundance of cyanobacteria determine morphotype development of phototrophic ecosystems
Authors: Joosten Esmee Desirée , Hamelin Jérôme , Milferstedt Kim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Phototrophic aggregates containing filamentous cyanobacteria occur naturally, for example, as cryoconite on glaciers and microbialites in fresh or marine waters, but their formation is not fully understood. Laboratory models are now available to reproduce aggregation, that is, the formation of different morphotypes like hemispheroids, microbial mats or sphere-like aggregates we call photogranules. In the model, activated sludge as starting matrix is transformed into aggregates enclosed by a phototrophic layer of growing cyanobacteria. These cyanobacteria were either enriched from the matrix or we added them intentionally. We hypothesize that the resulting morphotype depends on the type and concentration of the added cyanobacteria. When cyanobacteria from mature photogranules were added to activated sludge, photogranulation was not observed, but microbial mats were formed. Photogranulation of sludge could be promoted when adding sufficient quantities of cyanobacterial strains that form clumps when grown as isolates. The cyanobacteria putatively responsible for photogranulation were undetectable or only present in low abundance in the final communities of photogranules, which were always dominated by mat-forming cyanobacteria. We suggest that, in a temporal succession, the ecosystem engineer initiating photogranulation eventually disappears, leaving behind its structural legacy. We conclude that understanding phototrophic aggregate formation requires considering the initial succession stages of the ecosystem development.
Multi-source wavefield reconstruction combining interferometry and compressive sensing: application to a linear receiver array
Authors: Saengduean P , Snieder R , Wakin M B 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
Seismic interferometry (SI) is a technique that allows one to estimate the wavefields accounting for the wave propagation between seismometers, any of which can act as a virtual source (VS). Interferometry, particularly noise interferometry, has been applied to several geophysical disciplines such as passive monitoring and distributed acoustic sensing. In practice, one requires long recordings of seismic noise for noise interferometry. Additionally, one can have missing seismic interferometric traces because some receivers in seismic arrays may be absent or inoperative due to issues of receiver installation and malfunction. Thus, filling the gap of seismic interferometric profile requires wavefield reconstruction and regularization techniques. Compressive sensing (CS) is one such method that can reconstruct seismic interferometric wavefields and help mitigate the limitations by exploiting the sparsity of seismic waves. In our work, we use CS to reconstruct missing seismic interferometric wavefields. One can interpolate interferometric wavefields using correlograms provided by one VS. We call this method of reconstructing an individual VS gather single-source wavefield reconstruction. We propose an alternative technique called multi-source wavefield reconstruction, which applies CS to reconstruct multiple interferometric wavefields using a volume of VS gathers provided from all available VSs. Using numerical examples, we show that one can apply CS to recover interferometric wavefields resulting from interferometry of a linear seismic array. To exploit the sparsity of interferometric wavefields, we apply the Fourier and Curvelet transforms to the two reconstruction schemes. Using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to compare reconstruction of interferometric wavefields, the Fourier multi-source method improves the recovery of interferometric wavefields by approximately 50 dB compared to the Fourier and Curvelet single-source wavefield reconstructions.
Protein N-glycosylation in the bronchoalveolar space differs between never-smokers and long-term smokers with and without COPD
Authors: Venkatakrishnan Vignesh , Thomsson Kristina A , Padra Médea , Andersson Anders , Brundin Bettina , Christenson Karin , Bylund Johan , Karlsson Niclas G , Lindén Anders , Lindén Sara K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kills millions of people annually and patients suffering from exacerbations of this disorder display high morbidity and mortality. The clinical course of COPD is associated with dysbiosis and infections, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Glycosylation of proteins play roles in regulating interactions between microbes and immune cells, and knowledge on airway glycans therefore contribute to the understanding of infections. Furthermore, glycans have biomarker potential for identifying smokers with enhanced risk for developing COPD as well as COPD subgroups. Here, we characterized the N-glycosylation in the lower airways of healthy never-smokers (HNS, n = 5) and long-term smokers (LTS) with (LTS+, n = 4) and without COPD (LTS−, n = 8). Using mass spectrometry, we identified 57 highly confident N-glycan structures whereof 38 oligomannose, complex, and paucimannose type glycans were common to BAL samples from HNS, LTS− and LTS+ groups. Hybrid type N-glycans were identified only in the LTS+ group. Qualitatively and quantitatively, HNS had lower inter-individual variation between samples compared to LTS− or LTS+. Cluster analysis of BAL N-glycosylation distinguished LTS from HNS. Correlation analysis with clinical parameters revealed that complex N-glycans were associated with health and absence of smoking whereas oligomannose N-glycans were associated with smoking and disease. The N-glycan profile from monocyte-derived macrophages differed from the BAL N-glycan profiles. In conclusion, long-term smokers display substantial alterations of N-glycosylation in the bronchoalveolar space, and the hybrid N-glycans identified only in long-term smokers with COPD deserve to be further studied as potential biomarkers.
Unaddressed functional difficulty and care support among White, Black, and Hispanic older adults in the last decade
Authors: Li Jun , Ha Jinkyung , Hoffman Geoffrey 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Unaddressed functional difficulties contribute to disparities in healthy aging. While the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is believed to have reshaped long-term care, little is known on how it has collectively altered the prevalence of older adults with functional difficulties and their use of family and formal care. This study uses nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study (2008–2018) to describe racial-ethnic differences in the prevalence of community-dwelling older adults who had difficulty with, but lacked assistance for, self-care, mobility, and household activities before and after the ACA. Individuals with functional difficulties accounted for about one-third of Black and Hispanic individuals, compared to one-fifth of White people. The prevalence of Black and Hispanic people with functional difficulties lacking corresponding care support was consistently 1.5 times higher than that of White people. Racial-ethnic differences disappeared only for low-income households where unaddressed difficulties were uniformly high. While formal care quantity was similar, Black and Hispanic people with functional difficulties received nearly 50% more family care than White people. These gaps between White, Black, and Hispanic older adults were persistent over time. These findings suggest that racial-ethnic gaps in aging needs and supports remain despite major health care reforms in the past decade.
New hires, adjustment costs, and knowledge transfer—evidence from the mobility of entrepreneurs and skills on firm productivity
Authors: Lappi Emma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper evaluates the productivity impacts and the subsequent adjustment costs associated with hiring different knowledge workers. I focus on the difference between hiring former entrepreneurs, employees who change jobs, and unemployed individuals. I am the first to evaluate the direct impact that hiring former entrepreneurs has on firm productivity and the heterogenous adjustment costs associated with the different types of new hires. I find no difference between the first-year adjustment costs of entrepreneurs and those of regular-wage employees. Hiring former entrepreneurs is a way to increase productivity after the first year of employment only if the former entrepreneurs are from the highest end of the ability distribution.
Revisiting international knowledge spillovers: the role of GVCs
Authors: Delera Michele , Foster-McGregor Neil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The diffusion of knowledge is an important determinant of economic development. International trade has been established as a key mechanism in facilitating diffusion. The rise of global value chains (GVCs) has transformed trade in recent years. Yet the role of GVCs in giving rise to knowledge spillovers remains under-explored. In this paper, we study the elasticity of industry-level total factor productivity (TFP) to technology that is imported through intermediate trade in GVCs. To do so, we combine novel input–output decomposition methods with recent insights from the literature on the factor content of trade. We focus on a panel of 32 countries and 39 sectors over the 2000–2014 period using WIOD and OECD data. We find that domestic TFP is elastic to knowledge flows arising from GVCs and that the magnitude of this effect is larger relative to all other knowledge flows. We also find that GVC participation is particularly conducive to technology upgrading in countries that are far away from the technology frontier, and that GVC-related spillovers persist over large geographical distances.
Monitoring biofilm growth and dispersal in real-time with impedance biosensors
Authors: McGlennen Matthew , Dieser Markus , Foreman Christine M , Warnat Stephan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Microbial biofilm contamination is a widespread problem that requires precise and prompt detection techniques to effectively control its growth. Microfabricated electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) biosensors offer promise as a tool for early biofilm detection and monitoring of elimination. This study utilized a custom flow cell system with integrated sensors to make real-time impedance measurements of biofilm growth under flow conditions, which were correlated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging. Biofilm growth on EIS biosensors in basic aqueous growth media (tryptic soy broth, TSB) and an oil–water emulsion (metalworking fluid, MWF) attenuated in a sigmoidal decay pattern, which lead to an ∼22–25% decrease in impedance after 24 Hrs. Subsequent treatment of established biofilms increased the impedance by ∼14% and ∼41% in TSB and MWF, respectively. In the presence of furanone C-30, a quorum-sensing inhibitor (QSI), impedance remained unchanged from the initial time point for 18 Hrs in TSB and 72 Hrs in MWF. Biofilm changes enumerated from CLSM imaging corroborated impedance measurements, with treatment significantly reducing biofilm. Overall, these results support the application of microfabricated EIS biosensors for evaluating the growth and dispersal of biofilm in situ and demonstrate potential for use in industrial settings.

One-Sentence Summary
This study demonstrates the use of microfabricated electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) biosensors for real-time monitoring and treatment evaluation of biofilm growth, offering valuable insights for biofilm control in industrial settings.
False positive Aspergillus galactomannan assay results caused by specific parenteral nutrition
Authors: Chang Euijin , Kang Sung-Woon , Huh Jin-Won , Kim Mi-Na , Bae Seongman , Jung Jiwon , Kim Min Jae , Kim Sung-Han , Choi Sang-Ho , Lee Sang-Oh , Kim Yang Soo , Sung Heungsup , Chong Yong Pil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In September 2022, the proportion of clinically false positive results with high index values for the galactomannan (GM) assay increased dramatically in our hospital and remained high until November 2022. We aimed to identify the possible causative agent that led to the dramatic increase in false positivity in GM assay. A case-control–control study was conducted, and patients admitted to two intensive care units between September and November 2022 were included. We defined each time point at which the GM assay was conducted in a patient as an episode and classified episodes into strong-positive (≥10.0 index; case), positive (control), and negative (&lt;0.5 index; control) groups. We compared the medications administered in three groups and measured GM levels in relevant medications, including parenteral nutrition (PN). In total, 118 episodes in 33 patients were classified into three groups. There were 46 negative, 23 positive, and 49 strong-positive episodes, and there was a significant difference in the use of Winuf® PNs (P &lt; .001) between the three groups. Forty episodes (82%) in the strong-positive group received Winuf®, compared with three (6.5%) in the negative group and one (4.3%) in the positive group (P &lt; .001). All samples of Winuf® PNs used in the five patients whose GM results were repeatedly strong-positive were strongly positive for GM. False positivity in GM assay can be caused by the administration of specific PNs. A thorough investigation of prescribed medications should be considered when there is an abrupt increase in the proportion of strong-positive or positive GM results.
Atovaquone exposure and Pneumocystis jirovecii cytochrome b mutations: French data and review of the literature
Authors: Bonnet Pierre L , Hoffmann Claire V , Le Nan Nathan , Bellamy Lorenn , Hoarau Gautier , Flori Pierre , Demar Magalie , Argy Nicolas , Morio Florent , Le Gal Solène , Nevez Gilles 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pneumocystis jirovecii is a transmissible fungus responsible for severe pneumonia (Pneumocystis pneumonia [PCP]) in immunocompromised patients. Missense mutations due to atovaquone selective pressure have been identified on cytochrome b (CYB) gene of P. jirovecii. It was recently shown that atovaquone prophylaxis can lead to the selection of specific P. jirovecii CYB mutants potentially resistant to atovaquone among organ transplant recipients. In this context, our objectives were to provide data on P. jirovecii CYB mutants and the putative selective pressure exerted by atovaquone on P. jirovecii organisms in France. A total of 123 patients (124 P. jirovecii specimens) from four metropolitan hospitals and two overseas hospitals were retrospectively enrolled. Fourteen patients had prior exposure to atovaquone, whereas 109 patients did not at the time of P. jirovecii detection. A 638 base-pair fragment of the CYB gene of P. jirovecii was amplified and sequenced. A total of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Both missense mutations C431T (Ala144Val) and C823T (Leu275Phe), located at the Qo active site of the enzyme, were significantly associated with prior atovaquone exposure, these mutations being conversely incidental in the absence of prior atovaquone exposure (P &lt; 0.001). Considering that the aforementioned hospitals may be representative of the national territory, these findings suggest that the overall presence of P. jirovecii CYB mutants remains low in France.
Observational constraints on the origin of the elements – VII. NLTE analysis of Y ii lines in spectra of cool stars and implications for Y as a Galactic chemical clock
Authors: Storm Nicholas , Bergemann Maria 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Yttrium (Y), a key s-process element, is commonly used in nucleosynthesis studies and as a Galactic chemical clock when combined with magnesium (Mg). We study the applicability of the previously assumed local thermal equilibrium (LTE) line formation assumption in Y abundance studies of main-sequence and red giant stars, and probe the impact of NLTE (non-LTE) effects on the [Y/Mg] ratio, a proposed stellar age indicator. We derive stellar parameters, ages, and NLTE abundances of Fe, Mg, and Y for 48 solar analogue stars from high-resolution spectra acquired within the Gaia-ESO survey. For Y, we present a new NLTE atomic model. We determine a solar NLTE abundance of A(Y)NLTE = 2.12 ± 0.04 dex, 0.04 dex higher than LTE. NLTE effects on Y abundance are modest for optical Y ii lines, which are frequently used in Sun-like stars diagnostics. NLTE has a small impact on the [Y/Mg] ratio in such stars. For metal-poor red giants, NLTE effects on Y ii lines are substantial, potentially exceeding +0.5 dex. For the Gaia/4MOST/WEAVE benchmark star, HD 122563, we find the NLTE abundance ratio of [Y/Fe]NLTE = −0.55 ± 0.04 dex with consistent abundances obtained from different Y ii lines. NLTE has a differential effect on Y abundance diagnostics in late-type stars. They notably affect Y ii lines in red giants and very metal-poor stars, which are typical Galactic enrichment tracers of neutron-capture elements. For main-sequence stars, NLTE effects on optical diagnostic Y ii lines remain minimal across metallicities. This affirms the [Y/Mg] ratio’s reliability as a cosmochronometer for Sun-like stars.
Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations
Authors: Dover L , Lowry S C , Rożek A , Rozitis B , Jackson S L , Zegmott T , Krugly Yu N , Belskaya I N , Fitzsimmons A , Green S F , Snodgrass C , Weissman P R , Brozović M , Benner L A M , Busch M W , Ayvazian V R , Chiorny V , Inasaridze R Ya , Krugov M , Mykhailova S , Reva I , Hibbert J 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a physical model and spin-state analysis of the potentially hazardous asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9. As part of a long-term campaign to make direct detections of the Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect, we collected optical light curves of the asteroid between 2006 and 2020. These observations were combined with planetary radar data to develop a detailed shape model, which was used to search for YORP acceleration. We report that 2000 PN9 is a relatively large top-shaped body with a sidereal rotation period of 2.53216 ± 0.00015 h. Although we find no evidence for rotational acceleration, YORP torques smaller than $\sim 10^{-8}\, \rm rad\,{d}^{-2}$ cannot be ruled out. It is likely that 2000 PN9 is a YORP-evolved object, and may be an example of YORP equilibrium or self-limitation.
Convergence of small scale Ly α structure at high-z under different reionization scenarios
Authors: Doughty Caitlin C , Hennawi Joseph F , Davies Frederick B , Lukić Zarija , Oñorbe Jose 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The Ly α forest (LAF) at z &gt; 5 probes the thermal and reionization history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and the nature of dark matter, but its interpretation requires comparison to cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. At high-z, convergence of these simulations is more exacting since transmission is dominated by underdense voids that are challenging to resolve. With evidence mounting for a late end to reionization, small structures down to the sub-kpc level may survive to later times than conventionally thought due to the reduced time for pressure smoothing to impact the gas, further tightening simulation resolution requirements. We perform a suite of simulations using the Eulerian cosmological hydrodynamics code Nyx, spanning domain sizes of 1.25 − 10 h−1 Mpc  and 5 − 80 h−1 kpc  cells, and explore the interaction of these variables with the timing of reionization on the properties of the matter distribution and the simulated LAF at z = 5.5. In observable Ly α power, convergence within 10 per cent is achieved for k &lt; 0.1 s km–1, but larger k shows deviation of up to 20 per cent. While a later reionization retains more small structure in the density field, because of the greater thermal broadening there is little difference in the convergence of LAF power between early (z = 9) and later (z = 6) reionizations. We conclude that at z ∼ 5.5, resolutions of 10 kpc are necessary for convergence of LAF power at k &lt; 0.1 s km–1, while higher-k modes require higher resolution, and that the timing of reionization does not significantly impact convergence given realistic photoheating.
TOI-332 b: a super dense Neptune found deep within the Neptunian desert
Authors: Osborn Ares , Armstrong David J , Fernández Fernández Jorge , Knierim Henrik , Adibekyan Vardan , Collins Karen A , Delgado-Mena Elisa , Fridlund Malcolm , Gomes da Silva João , Hellier Coel , Jackson David G , King George W , Lillo-Box Jorge , Matson Rachel A , Matthews Elisabeth C , Santos Nuno C , Sousa Sérgio G , Stassun Keivan G , Tan Thiam-Guan , Ricker George R , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N , Jenkins Jon M , Bayliss Daniel , Bouma Luke G , Ciardi David R , Collins Kevin I , Colón Knicole D , Crossfield Ian J M , Demangeon Olivier D S , Díaz Rodrigo F , Dorn Caroline , Dumusque Xavier , Keniger Marcelo Aron Fetzner , Figueira Pedro , Gan Tianjun , Goeke Robert F , Hadjigeorghiou Andreas , Hawthorn Faith , Helled Ravit , Howell Steve B , Nielsen Louise D , Osborn Hugh P , Quinn Samuel N , Sefako Ramotholo , Shporer Avi , Strøm Paul A , Twicken Joseph D , Vanderburg Andrew , Wheatley Peter J 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
To date, thousands of planets have been discovered, but there are regions of the orbital parameter space that are still bare. An example is the short period and intermediate mass/radius space known as the ‘Neptunian desert’, where planets should be easy to find but discoveries remain few. This suggests unusual formation and evolution processes are responsible for the planets residing here. We present the discovery of TOI-332 b, a planet with an ultra-short period of 0.78 d that sits firmly within the desert. It orbits a K0 dwarf with an effective temperature of 5251 ± 71 K. TOI-332 b has a radius of $3.20^{+0.16}_{-0.12}$ R⊕, smaller than that of Neptune, but an unusually large mass of 57.2 ± 1.6 M⊕. It has one of the highest densities of any Neptune-sized planet discovered thus far at $9.6^{+1.1}_{-1.3}$ g cm−3. A 4-layer internal structure model indicates it likely has a negligible hydrogen-helium envelope, something only found for a small handful of planets this massive, and so TOI-332 b presents an interesting challenge to planetary formation theories. We find that photoevaporation cannot account for the mass-loss required to strip this planet of the Jupiter-like envelope it would have been expected to accrete. We need to look towards other scenarios, such as high-eccentricity migration, giant impacts, or gap opening in the protoplanetary disc, to try and explain this unusual discovery.