bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic GDF11 attenuates depression-like phenotype in aged mice via stimulation of neuronal autophagy
Authors: Moigneu Carine , Abdellaoui Soumia , Ramos-Brossier Mariana , Pfaffenseller Bianca , Wollenhaupt-Aguiar Bianca , de Azevedo Cardoso Taiane , Camus Claire , Chiche Aurélie , Kuperwasser Nicolas , Azevedo da Silva Ricardo , Pedrotti Moreira Fernanda , Li Han , Oury Franck , Kapczinski Flávio , Lledo Pierre-Marie , Katsimpardi Lida 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCognitive decline and mood disorders increase in frequency with age. Many efforts are focused on the identification of molecules and pathways to treat these conditions. Here, we demonstrate that systemic administration of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) in aged mice improves memory and alleviates senescence and depression-like symptoms in a neurogenesis-independent manner. Mechanistically, GDF11 acts directly on hippocampal neurons to enhance neuronal activity via stimulation of autophagy. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses of these neurons reveal that GDF11 reduces the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a master regulator of autophagy. Using a murine model of corticosterone-induced depression-like phenotype, we also show that GDF11 attenuates the depressive-like behavior of young mice. Analysis of sera from young adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) reveals reduced GDF11 levels. These findings identify mechanistic pathways related to GDF11 action in the brain and uncover an unknown role for GDF11 as an antidepressant candidate and biomarker.
Lectures On Spin Dynamics: The Theoretical Minimum
Authors: Pileio Giuseppe 
Published: February 2023

This book consists of a series of lectures introducing what the author believes to be the theoretical minimum for the understanding of nuclear spin dynamics, the branch of physics underpinning magnetic resonance techniques such as NMR and MRI. Spin dynamics ultimately concern the study of the state and time evolution of systems made by a large collection of particles possessing spin, one of the most subtle and indeed fascinating concepts in relativistic quantum mechanics and whose understanding requires a mix of quantum mechanics, Hamiltonian dynamics and advanced mathematics.
Written in the concise and direct style appropriate for university lectures, this book is addressed to both undergraduate and postgraduate students who are approaching magnetic resonance studies and want to reach the theoretical minimum required to understand the wider topic and its main applications. The book is suitable for researchers who work in the field of magnetic resonance and want to know more about its theoretical fundamentals. Finally, built as a complete set of 12 lectures and 4 workshops, the book can act as a solid reference to lecturers of magnetic resonance university modules.
Trained in a world-leading research laboratory internationally recognised for its contributions to the NMR field, the author has a track record in theoretical and methodological developments of nuclear spin dynamics. In this book, he tries to merge his passion for the understanding of physics through its mathematical rendering with his personal quest for the elegance of a clean, clear and satisfactory explanation.
Introduction to Stereochemistry
Authors: Clark Andrew , Kitson Russ , Mistry Nimesh , Taylor Paul , Taylor Matthew , Lloyd Michael , Akamune Caroline 
Published: February 2023

CHEMISTRY STUDENT GUIDES. GUIDED BY STUDENTS
Why did the drug thalidomide cause birth defects? What is the chemical difference between sucrose and lactose in your food? Stereochemistry holds the answer and is essential to the understanding of the chemistry of life.
Stereochemistry is an important concept that often causes confusion amongst students when they learn it for the first time. Unlike most other areas of chemistry, it requires the chemist to visualise molecules in 3D, which can be difficult. In this book we deal with tricky concepts like conformation and configuration, how to represent them accurately and how to use the correct terms to describe them in both organic and inorganic chemistry. We involved students in the writing process to ensure we deal with areas that you find difficult, in an understandable language. With problems designed to focus on common errors and misconceptions, real life examples, and practical hands-on exercises coupled with visualisation tips, our intention is to give you the tools to become confident in stererochemistry.
Complementing mainstream organic textbooks, or self-study, this book is for anyone who has struggled with describing alkenes as E or Z, assigning R and S absolute configurations, drawing Newman projections or chair representations of cyclohexanes, axial chirality, understanding the stereochemistry of octahedral metal complexes and indeed explaining complexities observed in NMR spectra.
Chemistry Student Guides are written with current students involved at every stage, guiding the books towards the most challenging aspects of the topic. Student co-authors for Introduction to Stereochemistry are Caroline Akamune, Michael Lloyd and Matthew Taylor.
Introduction to Contextual Maths in Chemistry
Authors: Dickinson Fiona , McKinley Andrew 
Published: February 2023

CHEMISTRY STUDENT GUIDES. GUIDED BY STUDENTS
For any student who has ever struggled with a mathematical understanding of chemistry, this book is for you.
Mathematics is the essential tool for physical scientists. We know that confidence in using mathematics early on in a chemistry degree builds a solid foundation for further study. However, applying the abstract mathematics taught in schools to chemical phenomena is one of the biggest challenges that chemistry students face.
In this book, we take a ‘chemistry-first’ approach. We link the mathematics to recognisable chemical concepts, building on high school chemistry, to facilitate deeper understanding. We cover the practical mathematical skills, including representation of data as tables and graphs, and give an overview of error handling in the physical sciences. More advanced mathematical concepts are introduced, using calculus to determine kinetic rate laws, intermolecular forces and in quantifying energetic change in thermodynamics. We also introduce the concept of the complex number and its role in considering quantum wave functions, widely used in computational chemistry.
There are worked examples and problem sets to provide plenty of practise material to build proficiency. We also include insights from real students, which identify common problem areas and provide the prompts that helped them to overcome these.
Chemistry Student Guides are written with current students involved at every stage, guiding the books towards the most challenging aspects of the topic.
Chemistry at Home: Exploring the Ingredients in Everyday Products
Authors: Emsley John 
Published: February 2023

Hand cream, detergent, shower gel, toothpaste, toilet cleaner, air freshener, lipstick, perfume, low-fat spread, painkiller, diet drink, insect repellent… hundreds of everyday products that make our lives so much better than those of our forebears. And yet most of us know little about the ingredients they contain and why they deliver the benefits we enjoy.
Some people find it worrying when they examine the list of ingredients on a packaging label, because all they read may be unintelligible names or E numbers. It appears to be just chemicals, chemicals, chemicals. The aim of this book is to examine the ingredients more closely and explain the reasons for their being used.
Start reading and stop worrying.
Chemistry at Home has been written by award-winning popular science writer and chemist, John Emsley, using non-technical language. The book has 12 chapters, each devoted to the kinds of products we are likely to find around the home, including in the garage and the garden shed. Chemistry at Home also includes a glossary which gives more technical information about the molecules mentioned in the book.
The Science of Chocolate
Authors: Beckett Stephen T 
Published: February 2023

The Science of Chocolate leads the reader to an understanding of the complete chocolate making process and includes the ways in which basic science plays a vital role in its manufacture, testing and consumption. Originally based upon a talk to encourage school children to study science, the book is now widely used within industry and academia.
The third edition of this international best seller has been fully revised and updated. The author has now included methods of sensory evaluation, designing and modifying chocolate flavour to suit the product and the history and manufacture of some well-known confectionery products. Fat, calorie and sugar reduction are also covered including a review of patents in this area. In addition, the section on why chocolate might be good for you has been updated to include some more recent research results. Three new experiments have been added, so there are now twenty of them, which use simple materials and apparatus to demonstrate the scientific and mathematical principles found in the rest of the book. Most are easily adapted to suit different student abilities.
This book will appeal to those with a fascination for chocolate and will be of specialist interest to those studying food sciences and working in the confectionery industry.
Extracts from reviews of 2nd Edition:
"...I found this to be an interesting read, and I think the book would be useful to graduates thinking of a career in the food industry (and not just the chocolate industry specifically), to schoolteachers looking for some interesting experiments, and to lecturers (Chemistry, Biochemistry, Botany, Food science) looking for interesting facts to enliven their lectures."
Bioscience Education, Volume 12, 2008, E J Wood.
"...very well written and complete book for everyone who wants to learn more about chocolate and its production process."
Crystallography Reviews, Volume 15, 2009 – Issue 4, pages 275-277, Henk Schenk.
"The easy reading style of the book makes it valuable not only to school and university students, but also to those who are new to working with chocolate or those needing a good summary of chocolate science."
Chemistry World, for the Christmas Books
The Chemistry of Human Nature
Authors: Husband Tom 
Published: February 2023

Why does chocolate taste so good? Why do we seek 'the one'? How do traits such as intelligence, creativity and violence arise and what purpose do they serve? This book links these characteristics to the origins of life, showing that the conditions necessary to bring life into existence echo through our modern day behaviour.
The chemistry of the body is not only fascinating but also highly relevant to everyone, since we are all concerned with maximising our health and enjoyment of life. Currently, there are not many popular science books concerned with biochemistry. One reason for this might be the particularly complex nature of the science involved. This book starts with the fundamentals and then works towards a deeper understanding of the chemistry of human nature. Essential reading for anyone with an interest in this science and written at a level accessible to experts and non-experts alike.
The Chemistry of Explosives
Authors: Akhavan Jacqueline 
Published: February 2023

This concise, easy-to-read book outlines the basic principles needed to understand the chemical mechanisms of explosion. Written for students with no previous knowledge of explosives but some understanding of chemical reactions in mind, it takes the reader through the history of explosives and introduces the concepts of high explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics.
Covering combustion, deflagration, and detonation; ignition, initiation, and thermal decomposition; thermochemistry, thermodynamics and kinetics, the text includes detailed formulations and reactions presented with thermochemical calculations to aid understanding. This edition includes environmental legislation and its impact on explosives, together with a section on safety hazard tests. It also contains the latest developments in synthesis and manufacturing of explosives.
Covering all aspects of the properties of explosives, The Chemistry of Explosives is a unique text which introduces difficult subjects in a readable manner. Ideal for A-level students and new graduates with no previous knowledge of explosive materials, it will also be useful to anyone needing succinct information on the subject, such as the more experienced chemist in the explosives sector.
Fabrication of high-performance cell-imprinted polymers based on AuNPs/MXene composites via metal-free visible light-induced ATRP
Authors: Cui Ailu , Meng Peiran , Hu Jing , Yang Huimin , Yang Zuan , Li Hongchao , Sun Yue 
Published: February 2023

Cell-imprinted polymers for yeasts were fabricated via metal-free visible-light-induced atom transfer radical polymerization on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode which had been modified with gold nanoparticles/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composites.
Role of calcium-sensor proteins in cell membrane repair
Authors: Li ZiWei , Shaw Gary S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCell membrane repair is a critical process used to maintain cell integrity and survival from potentially lethal chemical, and mechanical membrane injury. Rapid increases in local calcium levels due to a membrane rupture have been widely accepted as a trigger for multiple membrane-resealing models that utilize exocytosis, endocytosis, patching, and shedding mechanisms. Calcium-sensor proteins, such as synaptotagmins (Syt), dysferlin, S100 proteins, and annexins, have all been identified to regulate, or participate in, multiple modes of membrane repair. Dysfunction of membrane repair from inefficiencies or genetic alterations in these proteins contributes to diseases such as muscular dystrophy (MD) and heart disease. The present review covers the role of some of the key calcium-sensor proteins and their involvement in membrane repair.
Abusive adversarial agents and attack strategies in cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Gaur Viraj Singh , Sharma Vishal , McAllister John 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe exponential increase in IoT device usage has spawned numerous cyberspace innovations. IoT devices, sensors, and actuators bridge the gap between physical processes and the cyber network in a cyber‐physical system (CPS). Cyber‐physical system is a complex system from a security perspective due to the heterogeneous nature of its components and the fact that IoT devices can serve as an entry point for cyberattacks. Most adversaries design their attack strategies on systems to gain an advantage at a relatively lower cost, whereas abusive adversaries initiate an attack to inflict maximum damage without regard to cost or reward. In this paper, a sensor spoofing attack is modelled as a malicious adversary attempting to cause system failure by interfering with the feedback control mechanism. It is accomplished by feeding spoofed sensor values to the controller and issuing erroneous commands to the actuator. Experiments on a Simulink‐simulated linear CPS support the proof of concept for the proposed abusive ideology, demonstrating three attack strategies. The impact of the evaluations stresses the importance of testing the CPS security against adversaries with abusive settings for preventing cyber‐vandalism. Finally, the research concludes by highlighting the limitations of the proposed work, followed by recommendations for the future.
A DOA and TOA joint estimation algorithm based on deep transfer learning
Authors: Pan Heng , Wei Shuang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis letter proposes a direction of arrival (DOA) and time of delay (TOA) joint estimation algorithm with deep transfer learning. Recently deep learning technique has been applied to solve the joint estimation problem by using the pretrained network and perform well. But in real applications, different scenarios require to cost much time to obtain different pretrained network. In order to overcome these problems, a transfer scheme for DOA and TOA joint estimation is proposed based on a multi‐task network, which uses a shared‐private structure to enhance the transferability of the pretrained network in different signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) scenarios. Thus, for different target scenarios, the proposed transferring scheme just uses a few of data from new scenario to fine‐tune pretrained network, which can effectively reduce the computation complexity with satisfied estimation accuracy. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to other traditional methods in estimation accuracy and efficiency under different SNR testing scenarios.
Super‐resolution using deep residual network with spectral normalization
Authors: Musunuri Yogendra Rao , Kwon Oh‐Seol 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this letter, the authors present a single‐image super‐resolution method based on introducing a novel spectral normalization to the convolution of a deep residual network. Moreover, the authors construct a new residual block (RB) and assemble it in a cascade form. The new RB was restructured by the spectrally normalized convolution layers and activated function. In addition, the RB allows the spectral normalization introduced on the trained network to update the additional weights. Furthermore, it minimizes pixel loss, thereby helping to obtain enhanced reconstruction results, limiting the number of parameters, and facilitating a low computational cost. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model shows the superior performance over that of state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of visual quality metrics such as UQI and PIQE.
Nonintrusive overhead‐line current detection using a vertical magnetic‐field sensor array
Authors: Chen Kun‐Long , Wang Chia‐Lun , Chen Rui‐Xiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the growing infrastructure for overhead lines, the demand for overhead‐line condition‐monitoring technologies has become increasingly urgent. Traditional current transformers used to measure three‐phase currents are bulky and difficult to install, which further increases the cost of monitoring. In order to meet the current state assessment needs of transmission and distribution networks, this study uses a novel magnetic‐field sensor array to realize nonintrusive overhead‐line current detection. Based on the magnetic fields measured by magnetic‐field sensors placed on the ground under the overhead line, the proposed algorithm can be used to calculate the three‐phase current values. The proposed method does not require on‐site calibration before the field measurements are conducted. With partially known overhead‐line geometry specifications from utilities, the algorithm can optimize the overhead‐line geometry and finally achieve accurate current detection. The simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed current‐detection technique can accurately calculate the three‐phase currents of the overhead line with only three three‐axis magnetic‐field sensors.
Development and validation of an immune‐related gene signature for prognosis in Lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Guo Zehuai , Qi Xiangjun , Li Zeyun , Yang Jianying , Sun Zhe , Li Peiqin , Chen Ming , Cao Yang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe most common type of lung cancer tissue is lung adenocarcinoma. The TCGA‐LUAD cohort retrieved from the TCGA dataset was considered the internal training cohort, while GSE68465 and GSE13213 datasets from the GEO database were used as the external test cohort. The TCGA‐LUAD cohort was classified into two immune subtypes using single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis of the immune gene set and unsupervised clustering analysis. The ESTIMATE algorithm, the CIBERSORT algorithm, and HLA family expression levels again validated the reliability of this typing. We performed Venn analysis using immune‐related genes from the immport dataset and differentially expressed genes from the subtypes to retrieve differentially expressed immune genes (DEIGs). In addition, DEIGs were used to construct a prognostic model with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. A reliable risk model consisting of 11 DEIGs, including S100P, INHA, SEMA7A, INSL4, CD40LG, AGER, SERPIND1, CD1D, CX3CR1, SFTPD, and CD79A, was then built, and its reliability was further confirmed by ROC curve and calibration plot analysis. The high‐risk score subgroup had a poor prognosis and a lower tumour immune dysfunction and exclusion score, indicating a greater likelihood of anti‐PD‐1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 benefit.
PSR J1910–5959A: A rare gravitational laboratory for testing white dwarf models
Authors: Corongiu A. , Venkatraman Krishnan V. , Freire P. C. C. , Kramer M. , Possenti A. , Geyer M. , Ridolfi A. , Abbate F. , Bailes M. , Barr E. D. , Balakrishnan V. , Buchner S. , Champion D. J. , Chen W. , Hugo B. V. , Karastergiou A. , Lyne A. G. , Manchester R. N. , Padmanabh P. V. , Parthasarathy A. , Ransom S. M. , Sarkissian J. M. , Serylak M. , van Straten W. 
Published: February 2023

Context. PSR J1910−5959A is a binary millisecond pulsar in a 0.837 day circular orbit around a helium white dwarf (HeWD) companion. The position of this pulsar is 6.3 arcmin (∼74 core radii) away from the optical centre of the globular cluster (GC) NGC 6752. Given the large offset, the association of the pulsar with the GC has been debated.
Aims. We aim to obtain precise measurements of the masses of the stars in the system along with secular orbital parameters, which will help identify if the system belongs to the GC.
Methods. We have made use of archival Parkes 64 m ‘Murriyang’ telescope data and carried out observations with the MeerKAT telescope with different backends and receivers over the last two decades. Pulse times of arrival were obtained from these using standard pulsar data reduction techniques and analysed using state-of-the-art Bayesian pulsar timing techniques. We also performed an analysis of the pulsar’s total intensity and polarisation profile to understand the interstellar scattering along the line of sight, and we determined the pulsar’s geometry by fitting the rotating vector model to the polarisation data.
Results. We obtain precise measurements of several post-Keplerian parameters: the range, r = 0.202(6) T⊙, and shape, s = 0.999823(4), of the Shapiro delay, from which we infer: the orbital inclination to be 88.9−0.14+0.15 deg; the masses of the pulsar and the companion to be 1.55(7) M⊙ and 0.202(6) M⊙, respectively; a secular change in the orbital period Ṗb = −53−6.0+7.4 × 10−15 s s−1 that proves the GC association; and a secular change in the projected semi-major axis of the pulsar, ẋ = −40.7−8.2+7.3 × 10−16 s s−1, likely caused by the spin–orbit interaction from a misaligned HeWD spin, at odds with the likely isolated binary evolution of the system. We also discuss some theoretical models for the structure and evolution of white dwarfs in neutron star–white dwarf binaries, using PSR J1910−5959A’s companion as a test bed.
Conclusions. PSR J1910−5959A is a rare system for which several parameters of both the pulsar and the HeWD companion can be accurately measured. As such, it is a test bed for discriminating between alternative models of HeWD structure and cooling.