bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome-wide association study identifies novel genes associated with bone mineral density and lean body mass in children
Authors: Xu Jiawen , Ma Jun , Zeng Yi , Si Haibo , Wu Yuangang , Zhang Shaoyun , Shen Bin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To identify novel candidate genes whose expression is associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and body lean mass (LM) in children.

Methods
A tissue-specific transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) was conducted utilizing a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset associated with BMD and LM and involving 10,414 participants. The measurement of BMD and LM phenotypes was made based on total-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (TB-DXA) scans. TWAS was conducted by using FUSION software. Reference panels for muscle skeleton (MS), peripheral blood (NBL) and whole blood (YBL) were used for TWAS analysis. Functional enrichment and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses of the genes identified by TWAS were performed by using the online tool Metascape (http://metascape.org).

Results
For BMD, we identified 174 genes with P < 0.05, such as IKZF1 (P = 1.46 × 10−9) and CHKB (P = 8.31 × 10−7). For LM, we identified 208 genes with P < 0.05, such as COPS5 (P = 3.03 × 10−12) and MRPS33 (P = 5.45 × 10−10). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the BMD-associated genes revealed 200 GO terms, such as protein catabolic process (Log P = −5.09) and steroid hormone-mediated signaling pathway (Log P = −3.13). GO enrichment analysis of the LM-associated genes detected 287 GO terms, such as the apoptotic signaling pathway (Log P = −8.08) and lipid storage (Log P = −3.55).

Conclusion
This study identified several candidate genes for BMD and LM in children, providing novel clues to the genetic mechanisms underlying the development of childhood BMD and LM.
Is there a link between the length of the solar cycle and Earth’s temperature?
Authors: Chatzistergos Theodosios 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Sun provides most of external energy to Earth’s system and thus has the potential of influencing it. Various studies reported a correlation between the solar cycle length and the northern hemisphere temperatures on Earth. Here, we reassess the cycle length record by incorporating the newly revised and updated sunspot number series as well as plage area composite, before comparing it to Earth temperature records. We find that cycle length series constructed from sunspot and plage data exhibit the same behaviour, both showing a downward trend after 1940. Our results suggest that the agreement between solar cycle lengths and temperatures found earlier is an artefact of (1) some arbitrary choices made by those studies when constructing the cycle length series as well as (2) a rather short time interval, to which the analyses were restricted. When considering the entire period of reliable sunspot and temperature data, these records diverge before about 1870 and after 1960. We also find a poor agreement between Earth temperatures and cycle length when using plage areas instead of sunspot data to derive cycle lengths. Our result of the divergence between cycle length series and Earth’s temperature after 1960 implies that the cycle length cannot be used to support a solar origin for the warming on Earth over the last 5 decades.
Parametric modeling approach in laser wire additive manufacturing process
Authors: Mbodj Natago Guilé , Abuabiah Mohammad , Kandaoui Maxime El , Yaacoubi Slah , Plapper Peter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the evolution of computer-aided design technology has established a new design method to improve digital model creations. The new design method is called Parametric Modeling. In this paper, 3D metallic models are printed using a novel Parametric Modeling approach. The goal of this approach is to use parametric design features to simulate and print 3D metallic objects using Laser Wire Additive Manufacturing (LWAM) process. The proposed approach includes a pattern creation and robot targets assignment while considering several process requirements of LWAM and the robot system. This technique will allow the development of an adaptive robot toolpath for a good deposition process. Finally, a wall, a cylinder, and a complex shape were simulated and deposited to validate the proposed approach. The results show that the approach is feasible, adaptive, and can enhance 3D metallic print in the LWAM process.
Some Observations on the Reproductive Biology of the Mediterranean Pennatulacean Pteroeides Spinosum (Ellis and Solander, 1786) (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea)
Authors: García-Cárdenas Francisco J. , López-González Pablo J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSea pens are some of the most important structural species in soft bottom benthic communities.Pteroeides spinosumis a shallow-water pennatulacean (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea) habiting NE Atlantic-Mediterranean bottoms. In this study, sixteen colonies ofPteroeides spinosumcollected from NW Mediterranean Sea (Cap de Creus, Spain) at 99–106 m depth in July (2012), were used to acquire information of their reproductive biology, and to enable a comparison with other pennatulaceans. Our colonies ofPteroeides spinosumare gonochoric showing a bimodal oocyte frequency distribution and an unimodal spermatocyst diameter distribution. All polyp leaves contained oocytes and spermatocysts in different size classes, with those small and translucent spermatocysts/ oocytes (size-class I) often found near the base or lower end of the gastrovascular cavities of polyps. The largest observed diameter was 668 μm for spermatocysts and 687 μm for oocytes. Mean potential relative fecundity (PRF) ranged between 7–17 oocytes per polyp. The effective reproductive effort (ERE) reached a value of ca. 30,000 large oocytes per colony. As was observed for all pennatulaceans previously studied, no sign of hermaphroditism or internal fertilization was detected in our colonies ofPteroeides spinosum.
Morphological and molecular investigation of some xanthid crabs from the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea
Authors: Amer Mohamed Abdelnaser , Naruse Tohru , Reimer James Davis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Family Xanthidae comprises 15 subfamilies and over 600 accepted species; they are represented well in the foreshore marine environments. Members of family Xanthidae are multi-colored crabs, usually inhabiting rocky coasts, coral reefs, and mud flats, all of which are well represented along the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea. Here, we utilized cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences combined with morphology to provide information on some xanthid specimens collected from the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea. Six species within four genera (Leptodius, Etisus, Cyclodius, Chlorodiella) were collected. Genetic distances combined with morphological analyses showed intraspecific variations between two morphotypes of Leptodius exaratus. Two Etisus species were examined, E. laevimanus and E. sp. The latter Etisus sp. was close to E. frontalis, especially with regard to frontal lobe morphology, but different in male's first gonopod, with interspecific genetic distances. We also identified Chlorodiella nigra and C. laevissima. Obtained genetic distances between two morphotypes of Cyclodius granulatus revealed that these morphotypes are also likely cases of intraspecific variation. The results of this study should provide a basis for future work on family Xanthidae along the coasts of the Red Sea, which is needed as data remain scant.
The Use of Si-Based Fertilization to Improve Agricultural Performance
Authors: Barão Lúcia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Silicon (Si) is a “quasi-essential” element, associated to stresses/limitations alleviation in crops. However, stressful situations are becoming the norm, due to climate change, human exhaustion of natural resources, land degradation and loss of soil biodiversity. In this context, Si becomes a critical element, capacitating crops to grow more and better with less. A total of 467 articles up to 2021 were selected, reporting 501 experiments (lab-oriented and field trials) resulting in 682 cases where different Si-based fertilizers were used to study crops/plants with agronomic value to evaluate its physiological and/or agronomic performance under a specific motivation. Results show that 63% of cases testing Si-fertilization show increase in productivity, while 13% refuted this observation and 24% did not evaluate plant growth. Crop physiological responses was registered in 42% of the cases and only 3% did not report any alteration, although 55% did not evaluate these indicators. Symptom alleviation, in cases where stresses/limitations were studied, was registered in 74% of the cases with a low number of negative outcomes (9%). Field trials where crop yield was measured after application of Si-fertilization show that 69% of different measurements (599) register a yield improvement ≥ 5%, while 18% of the measurements registered between 0 and 5% and only 14% reported yield loss. Si-fertilization is therefore and important factor to improve crop yield and capacitate crops with resilience to endure future limitations. Its inclusion in modern agriculture should be considered in larger scales to adapt crops to the current challenges of sustainable agriculture and food provision.
Development and quality characterization of sapodilla ready to serve (RTS) drink
Authors: Fiaz Khansa , Quddoos Muhammad Yousaf , Nadeem Muhammad , Yaqub Shazia , Batool Syeda Ayesha , Rafique Ayesha , Chaudhry Faiqa , Noreen Saima , Hussain Ashiq , Qadeer Zara , Kauser Samina , Fatima Pinky 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe have been awarded by nature with a stunning flora and fauna that has prettified our life. Sapodilla is well known for its therapeutic and nutritive properties. Sapodilla has good antioxidant mutagenic and anticancer properties that directly influence radical-scavenging potential. Sapodilla has a short shelf life due to its perishable nature. An attempt was carried out to develop sapodilla RTS beverages using sonication and microwave techniques. Physicochemical attributes such as acidity, pH, TSS, pH antioxidant activity of the ready to serve (RTS) and sensory attributes were analysed during 90 days of storage. The highest ° Brix was found in T0 with a mean value of 12.14 ± 1.19° Brix, the highest pH was found in T2 with mean values of 3.82 ± 0.006% and 4.28 ± 0.006% and the lowest pH was observed in T1 with a mean value of 3.72 ± 0.03%. All the treated RTS samples were subjected to antioxidant analysis including total phenols, total flavonoids and total antioxidant activity. The lowest phenolic content was observed in T0(334.53 ± 1.66 μg GAE/100 mL of juice). The highest total flavonoid content was found in T2(316.67 ± 19.51 μg CE/g), and the lowest total flavonoid content was observed in T0(111.48 ± 24.28 μg CE/g). The lowest total antioxidant capacity was observed in T0(381.85 ± 6.09 μl AAE/ml).The results of sensory evaluation revealed that the maximum score for sensory properties such as color, flavour, taste and overall acceptability was achieved by treatment T2,which revealed that these treatments of sapodilla RTS were declared the best with sonication and microwave treatment.Graphical Abstract
Gender-based violence in Latin America (Ecuador and Argentina): current state and challenges in the development of psychoeducational materials
Authors: Pispira Joselyn , Cevasco Jazmín , Silva María Luisa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGender-based violence (GBV) is a complex social and public health problem, which represents a human rights violation. Globally, GBV tends to occur in intimate partner relationships. Latin American countries report high rates of this violence. Despite their social and historical differences, Ecuador and Argentina are among Latin countries that aim to dismantle patriarchy. Developing psychoeducation materials is one way in which communities can recognize and prevent GBV. Psycholinguistics can provide useful tools to facilitate learning about this social issue: prior studies suggest that promoting the establishment of discourse connections, the generation of emotion inferences and the emotional involvement of the comprehender facilitate written and spoken discourse comprehension. The aim of this commentary article is to present an overview of the current incidence of GBV in Ecuador and Argentina, and to highlight the contributions that preliminary research on discourse comprehension can make to facilitate learning about GBV prevention strategies. Finally, we will discuss possible research guidelines and future directions. We expect that this manuscript will contribute to highlighting the importance of promoting social awareness of GBV and, therefore, the crucial role of the design and implementation of scientifically based interventions.
Using personas and the ADKAR framework to evaluate a network designed to facilitate sustained change toward active learning in the undergraduate classroom
Authors: Prunuske Amy J. , Evans-Anderson Heather J. , Furniss Katherine L. , Goller Carlos C. , Mirowsky Jaime E. , Moore Michael E. , Raut Samiksha A. , Swamy Uma , Wick Sue , Wolyniak Michael J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne promising practice for increasing active learning in undergraduate science education is the use of a mentoring network. The Promoting Active Learning and Mentoring (PALM) Network was launched with practitioners from several professional societies and disciplines to make changes in their teaching based on evidence-based practices and to encourage the members to reflect deeply on their teaching experiences. Members of the Network interviewed seven previous Fellows, 1 to 6 years after completing their fellowship, to better understand the value of the Network and how these interactions impacted their ability to sustain change toward more active teaching practices. The interviews resulted in the creation of three personas that reflect the kinds of educators who engaged with the Network: Neil the Novice, Issa the Isolated, and Etta the Expert. Key themes emerged from the interviews about how interactions with the PALM Network sustained change toward evidence-based teaching practices allowing the members to readily adapt to the online learning environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding how the personas intersect with the ADKAR model contributes to a better understanding of how mentoring networks facilitate transformative change toward active learning and can inform additional professional development programs.
Dietary selenium supplementation alleviates low salinity stress in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: growth, antioxidative capacity and hepatopancreas transcriptomic responses
Authors: Yu Qiuran , Han Fenglu , Rombenso Artur , Qin Jian G. , Chen Liqiao , Li Erchao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSe is an essential trace element associated with animal growth and antioxidant and metabolic processes. However, whether Se, especially organic Se with higher bioavailability, can alleviate the adverse effects of low salinity stress on marine economic crustacean species has not been investigated. Accordingly, juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were reared in two culture conditions (low and standard salinity) fed diets supplemented with increasing levels of l-selenomethionine (0·41, 0·84 and 1·14 mg/kg Se) for 56 d, resulting in four treatments: 0·41 mg/kg under standard seawater (salinity 31) and 0·41, 0·84 and 1·14 mg/kg Se under low salinity (salinity 3). The diet containing 0·84 mg/kg Se significantly improved the survival and weight gain of shrimp under low salinity stress and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the hepatopancreas. The increased numbers of B and R cells may be a passive change in hepatopancreas histology in the 1·14 mg/kg Se group. Transcriptomic analysis found that l-selenomethionine was involved in the regulatory pathways of energy metabolism, retinol metabolism and steroid hormones. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 0·84 mg/kg Se (twice the recommended level) effectively alleviated the effects of low salinity stress on L. vannamei by regulating antioxidant capacity, hormone regulation and energy metabolism.
Fat and lean mass predict time to hospital readmission or mortality in children treated for complicated severe acute malnutrition in Zimbabwe and Zambia
Authors: Bwakura-Dangarembizi Mutsa , Dumbura Cherlynn , Ngosa Deophine , Majo Florence D. , Piper Joe D. , Sturgeon Jonathan P. , Nathoo Kusum J. , Amadi Beatrice , Norris Shane , Chasekwa Bernard , Ntozini Robert , Wells Jonathan C. , Kelly Paul , Prendergast Andrew J. ,   for the HOPE-SAM Study Team
Published: December 2022

AbstractHIV and severe wasting are associated with post-discharge mortality and hospital readmission among children with complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM); however, the reasons remain unclear. We assessed body composition at hospital discharge, stratified by HIV and oedema status, in a cohort of children with complicated SAM in three hospitals in Zambia and Zimbabwe. We measured skinfold thicknesses and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to investigate whether fat and lean mass were independent predictors of time to death or readmission. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between death/readmission and discharge body composition. Mixed effects models were fitted to compare longitudinal changes in body composition over 1 year. At discharge, 284 and 546 children had complete BIA and skinfold measurements, respectively. Low discharge lean and peripheral fat mass were independently associated with death/hospital readmission. Each unit Z-score increase in impedance index and triceps skinfolds was associated with 48 % (adjusted hazard ratio 0·52, 95 % CI (0·30, 0·90)) and 17 % (adjusted hazard ratio 0·83, 95 % CI (0·71, 0·96)) lower hazard of death/readmission, respectively. HIV-positive v. HIV-negative children had lower gains in sum of skinfolds (mean difference −1·49, 95 % CI (−2·01, −0·97)) and impedance index Z-scores (–0·13, 95 % CI (−0·24, −0·01)) over 52 weeks. Children with non-oedematous v. oedematous SAM had lower mean changes in the sum of skinfolds (–1·47, 95 % CI (−1·97, −0·97)) and impedance index Z-scores (–0·23, 95 % CI (−0·36, −0·09)). Risk stratification to identify children at risk for mortality or readmission, and interventions to increase lean and peripheral fat mass, should be considered in the post-discharge care of these children.
Beyond the “wonders of India” (‘ajā’ib al-hind): Yogis in Persian medico-alchemical writings in South Asia
Authors: Speziale Fabrizio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article looks at the translation and circulation of yogis’ learning in Persian medical and alchemical texts produced in South Asia. I suggest that looking at the non-religious environment allows for a more accurate understanding of the overall circulation of yogic knowledge and techniques in the Muslim society of South Asia. Furthermore, I suggest that the assimilation of yogis’ learning in Persian sources concerned not only Yoga but also other types of knowledge associated with yogis. Muslim physicians’ interest in yogis’ knowledge focused on one specific aspect: rasaśāstra “alchemy” and the mastery over the production of mercurial and metallic drugs. The technical and pragmatic focus of Persian medico-alchemical writings contributed to give views of yogis beyond the exotic and foreignizing category of the wonders of India. Medical writings helped to develop views of yogis as a socio-economic group involved in the transmission of a specific body of knowledge. This was an important shift away from the perspective of the ‘ajā’ib al-hind “wonders of India” as well as from the ways in which yogis were perceived in Sufi texts. New perspectives on yogis emerged when Persian-speaking scholars and readers in India needed more pragmatic representations of local groups, such as the physicians who were in the process of appropriating alchemical notions that were closely associated with the yogis.
Market nudges and autonomy
Authors: Ivanković Viktor , Engelen Bart 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBehavioural techniques or ‘nudges’ can be used for various purposes. In this paper, we shift the focus from government nudges to nudges used by for-profit market agents. We argue that potential worries about nudges circumventing the deliberative capacities or diminishing the control of targeted agents are greater when it comes to market nudges, given that these (1) are not constrained by the principles that regulate government nudges (mildness, sensitivity to people’s interests and public justifiability) and (2) are often ‘stacked’ – they come in great numbers that overwhelm agents. In addition, we respond to possible objections and derive several policy suggestions.
Biosecurity and antimicrobial use in broiler farms across nine European countries: toward identifying farm-specific options for reducing antimicrobial usage
Authors: Mallioris Panagiotis , Teunis Gijs , Lagerweij Giske , Joosten Philip , Dewulf Jeroen , Wagenaar Jaap A. , Stegeman Arjan , Mughini-Gras Lapo ,   the EFFORT consortium
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Broiler chickens are among the main livestock sectors worldwide. With individual treatments being inapplicable, contrary to many other animal species, the need for antimicrobial use (AMU) is relatively high. AMU in animals is known to drive the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). High farm biosecurity is a cornerstone for animal health and welfare, as well as food safety, as it protects animals from the introduction and spread of pathogens and therefore the need for AMU. The goal of this study was to identify the main biosecurity practices associated with AMU in broiler farms and to develop a statistical model that produces customised recommendations as to which biosecurity measures could be implemented on a farm to reduce its AMU, including a cost-effectiveness analysis of the recommended measures. AMU and biosecurity data were obtained cross-sectionally in 2014 from 181 broiler farms across nine European countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and Spain). Using mixed-effects random forest analysis (Mix-RF), recursive feature elimination was implemented to determine the biosecurity measures that best predicted AMU at the farm level. Subsequently, an algorithm was developed to generate AMU reduction scenarios based on the implementation of these measures. In the final Mix-RF model, 21 factors were present: 10 about internal biosecurity, 8 about external biosecurity and 3 about farm size and productivity, with the latter showing the largest (Gini) importance. Other AMU predictors, in order of importance, were the number of depopulation steps, compliance with a vaccination protocol for non-officially controlled diseases, and requiring visitors to check in before entering the farm. K-means clustering on the proximity matrix of the final Mix-RF model revealed that several measures interacted with each other, indicating that high AMU levels can arise for various reasons depending on the situation. The algorithm utilised the AMU predictive power of biosecurity measures while accounting also for their interactions, representing a first step toward aiding the decision-making process of veterinarians and farmers who are in need of implementing on-farm biosecurity measures to reduce their AMU.