bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PATTERN OF BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION IN PATIENTS OF PCOS USING DEXA BASED INDICES
Authors: Birjees Sanna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: considering the close link between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome considerable research has been devoted to study the pattern of fat distribution in PCOS.
Objectives: The study is aimed to assess usefulness of dual energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA) based regional fat distribution indices as predictor of development of PCOS.
Methods: This cross sectional study recruited diagnosed cases of PCOS using Rotterdam Criteria (cases n=86) and healthy age matched controls (n=90). DEXA was performed in both the groups for assessment of total and regional body fat distribution after undergoing ultrasonography (USG) and baseline/biochemical evaluation.
Results: the study revealed significant difference between cases and controls in trunk fat percentage (40.2 % ± 9.1% vs 26.5%±9.1%; p < 0.001) , android fat percentage (42.4%±41%vs 27.8%±1.51%; p<0.001), total fat percentage (43.8%±8% vs28.5%±1.6%;p<0.001), Fat Mass/Ht2 (fat mass index)( 8.82±3%vs4.8±1.7%;p<0.001), Android/Gynoid ratio(1.05±0.1vs0.7±0.2; p<0.001), trunk/limb fat mass ratio(1.06±0.3vs0.69±0.3;p,0.001).Multivariate analysis revealed significant relation of trunk fat mass with android % fat, Gynoid fat mass, and android-gynoid ratio.
Conclusions: the study demonstrates that there is central pattern of fat distribution in patients with PCOS while the overall fat might not be increased which is well analyzed by DEXA. Hence, we suggest its use in initial diagnostic work up and follow up of PCOS patients for their body fat distribution and content.
Vacuum sealing drainage to treat Fournier’s gangrene
Authors: Chen Ju-hua , Li Yu-bo , Li De-gang , Zeng Xiao-mei , Yao Qiu-yuan , Fu Jun , Wang Gong-he , Huang Xiao-yan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) is widely applied in complex wound repair. We aimed to compare traditional debridement and drainage and VSD in treating Fournier's gangrene (FG).Methods Data of patients surgically treated for FG were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 36 patients (men: 31, women: 5; mean age: 53.5 ± 11.3 [range: 28–74] years) included in the study, no patients died. Between-group differences regarding sex, age, BMI, time from first debridement to wound healing, number of debridements, FGSI, and shock were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, lesion diameter, colostomy, VAS score, dressing changes, analgesic use, length of hospital stay, and wound reconstruction method (χ2 = 5.43, P = 0.04) exhibited statistically significant differences. Tension-relieving sutures (6 vs. 21) and flap transfer (4 vs. 2) were applied in Groups I and II, respectively.Conclusion VSD can reduce postoperative dressing changes and analgesic use, and shrunk the wound area, thereby reducing flap transfer in wound reconstruction.
Prevention of the Adverse Effects of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer: Role of Nutritional Management in Different Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens
Authors: Onishi Sachiyo , Tajika Masahiro , Tanaka Tsutomu , Yamada Keisaku , Inaba Yoshitaka , Abe Tetsuya , Muro Kei , Shimizu Masahito , Niwa Yasumasa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on the results of the JCOG1109 trial, docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil (DCF) may be a standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), in addition to the conventional 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (FP) therapy. We examined whether the nutritional therapy should be modified when a different NAC is used based on the changes in body composition. The study included 215 patients with advanced esophageal cancer who underwent surgery after receiving NAC at our hospital between 2013 and 2019, and those who underwent abdominal computed tomography before and after NAC. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated using the following formula: total skeletal muscle mass at the third lumbar level/height2. The visceral and subcutaneous fat masses were assessed at the umbilical level. The lower 25% of men and women were defined as the low visceral fat and low subcutaneous fat groups, respectively. The DCF group was significantly younger (p < 0.01), had higher proportion of men (p = 0.03), and had higher proportion of patients with cStage III disease (p < 0.01) compared with the FP group. The body composition changes were not significantly different in terms of percentage changes in SMI and visceral fat mass. Multivariate analysis showed that cStage III disease and a shift to low visceral fat were prognostic factors, whereas differences in NAC were not. Although no significant difference was found in the body composition before and after NAC, aggressive nutritional management is recommended during NAC, especially because a shift to a low visceral fat affects the patient’s prognosis.
Primary care delivery of behavioral weight loss services for adults with cardiovascular risk factors: development of pragmatic implementation strategies and results of a randomized feasibility trial
Authors: Ackermann Ronald T , Cameron Kenzie , Liss David , Dolan Nancy , Aikman Cassandra , Carson Amy , Harris Sterling , Doyle Kathryn , Cooper Andrew , Hitsman Brian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Intensive lifestyle interventions (ILI) improve weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors, but health systems face challenges implementing them. We engaged stakeholders to cocreate and evaluate feasibility of primary care implementation strategies and of a pragmatic randomization procedure to be used for a future effectiveness trial.Methods The study setting was a single, urban primary care office. Patients with BMI ≥ 27 and ≥ 1 cardiovascular risk factor were sent a single electronic health record (EHR) message between December 2019 and January 2020 offering services to support an initial weight loss goal of about “10 pounds in 10 weeks.” All patients who affirmed weight loss interest were pragmatically enrolled in the trial and offered “Basic Lifestyle Services” (BLS), including a scale that transmits weight data to the EHR using cellular networks, a coupon to enroll in lifestyle coaching resources through a partnering fitness organization, and periodic EHR messages encouraging use of these resources. About half (n = 42) of participants were randomized by an automated EHR algorithm to also receive “Customized Lifestyle Services” (CLS), including weekly email messages adapted to individual weight loss progress and telephonic coaching by a nurse for those facing challenges. Interventions and assessments spanned January to July 2020, with interference by the coronavirus pandemic. Weight measures were collected from administrative sources. Qualitative analysis of stakeholder recommendations and patient interviews assessed acceptability, appropriateness, and sustainability of intervention components.Results Over 6 weeks, 426 patients were sent the EHR invitation message and 80 (18.8%) affirmed interest in the weight loss goal and were included for analysis. EHR data were available to ascertain a 6-month weight value for 77 (96%) patients. Overall, 62% of participants lost weight; 15.0% exhibited weight loss ≥ 5%, with no statistically significant difference between CLS or BLS arms (p = 0.85). CLS assignment increased participation in daily self-weighing (43% versus 21% of patients through 12 weeks) and enrollment in referral-based lifestyle support resources (52% versus 37%).Conclusions This preliminary study demonstrates feasibility of implementation strategies for primary care offices to offer and coordinate ILI core components, as well as a pragmatic randomization procedure for use in a future randomized comparative trial.
One-carbon metabolizing enzyme ALDH1L1 influences mitochondrial metabolism through 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide accumulation and serine depletion, contributing to tumor suppression
Authors: Sasaki Masato , Yamamoto Kazuo , Ueda Takeshi , Irokawa Hayato , Takeda Kouki , Sekine Ryoya , Ito Fumie , Tanaka Yutaka , Kuge Shusuke , Shibata Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Tumor cells generally require large amounts of nucleotides, and thus activate de novo purine synthesis (dnPS). In the dnPS reactions, 10-formyltetrahydorofolate (10-fTHF) supplied by one-carbon metabolism is utilized as a formyl group donor. We focused on aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1), which metabolizes 10-fTHF to tetrahydrofolate (THF) and whose expression is often attenuated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We generated ALDH1L1-expressing HuH-7 cells to perform metabolome analysis and found that intracellular levels of serine were reduced and glycine was increased. In addition, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (ZMP), a dnPS intermediate, accumulated due to the consumption of 10-fTHF by ALDH1L1, which inhibited ZMP formylation. Importantly, ALDH1L1-expressing cells showed reduced ZMP sensitivity and higher mitochondrial activity. The suppression of mitochondrial serine catabolism by ALDH1L1 expression was speculated to be closely related to this phenotype. Gene set enrichment analysis utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data revealed that genes related to oxidative phosphorylation were enriched in HCC patients with high ALDH1L1 expression. Moreover, drug sensitivity data analysis demonstrated that HCC cell lines with low expression of ALDH1L1 were sensitive to ZMP and cordycepin, a structural analog of ZMP and AMP. Our study revealed that ZMP and AMP analogs might be effective in the pharmacotherapy of HCC patients with low expression of ALDH1L1.
A case of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor-related glomerulopathy combined with renal cancer diagnosed incidentally by percutaneous kidney biopsy
Authors: Kurihara Shigekazu , Sawa Naoki , Sumida Keiichi , Ikuma¹ Daisuke , Oba¹ Yuki , Mizuno Hiroki , Sekine Akinari , Yamanouchi Masayuki , Hasegawa Eiko , Suwabe Tatsuya , Urakami Shinji , Kono Kei , Kinowaki Keiichi , Ohashi Kenichi , Yamaguchi Yutaka , Ubara Yoshifumi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Kidney biopsy was performed in a 64-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes, less than 1 g of proteinuria, who rapidly progressed to end-stage renal failure within about 2 years. At biopsy, a renal cell carcinoma, 8 mm in size, was diagnosed; the tumor was not evident on computed tomography performed before biopsy. The non-cancerous area was characterized by a high degree of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)-like endothelial cell damage. The clinical course of the patient showed that renal function deteriorated progressively after the use of two dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. A TMA-like lesion associated with DPP4 inhibitor administration may have contributed to the rapid decline in renal function.
First records of two new silverfish species (Ctenolepisma longicaudatum and Ctenolepisma calvum) in Slovakia, with checklist and identification key of Slovak Zygentoma
Authors: Bednar Frantisek , Hemala Vladimír , Čejka Tomáš 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, synanthropic species of the genus Zygentoma (especially Ctenolepisma longicaudatum and C. calvum) have begun to spread in central Europe, with the introduction of these and other species across the continent. Two above-mentioned non-native species of silverfish have also recently been confirmed in Slovakia. This paper aims to comment on the occurrence of the two non-native species in Slovakia, to compile an identification key for all (i.e. also native) Slovak silverfish species and establish local species names.
A first-generation genome-wide map of correlated DNA methylation demonstrates highly coordinated and tissue-independent clustering across regulatory regions
Authors: Jajoo Aarti , Hirschi Owen , Schulze Katharina , Guan Yongtao , Hanchard Neil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Genome-wide DNA methylation studies have typically focused on quantitative assessments of CpG methylation at individual loci. Although methylation states at nearby CpG sites are known to be highly correlated, suggestive of an underlying coordinated regulatory network, the extent and consistency of inter-CpG methylation correlation across the genome, including variation between individuals, disease states, and tissues, remains unknown. Here, we leverage image conversion of correlation matrices to identify correlated methylation units (CMUs) across the genome, describe their variation across tissues, and annotate their regulatory potential using 35 public Illumina BeadChip datasets spanning more than 12,000 individuals and 26 different tissues. We identified a median of 18,125 CMUs genome-wide, occurring on all chromosomes and spanning a median of ~1 kb. Notably, 50% of CMUs had evidence of long-range correlation with other proximal CMUs. Although the size and number of CMUs varied across datasets, we observed strong intra-tissue consistency among CMUs, with those in testis encompassing those seen in most other tissues. Approximately 20% of CMUs were highly conserved across normal tissues (i.e. tissue independent), with 73 loci demonstrating strong correlation with non-adjacent CMUs on the same chromosome. These loci were enriched for CTCF and transcription factor binding sites, always found within putative TADs, and associated with the B compartment of chromosome folding. Finally, we observed significantly different, but highly consistent, patterns of CMU correlation between diseased and non-diseased states. Our first-generation, genome-wide, DNA methylation map suggests a highly coordinated CMU regulatory network that is sensitive to disruptions in its architecture.
Association between a family history of cancer and multiple primary lung cancer risks: a population-based analysis from China
Authors: Ni Chen-Hui , Wang Mu-Ting , Lu Yan-Qi , Zheng Wei , Chen Chun , Zheng Bin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives: The incidence of multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) has increased in recent years. The risk factors of MPLC are not well studied, especially in the Asian population. This case-control study investigated the association between a family history of cancer and MPLC risk.
Methods: We used data from people who surgically confirmed MPLC with at least 2 nodes of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital and matched 1:2 normal individuals as controls between 2016 and 2017. Information on age, sex, lifestyle, personal history, and family history of cancer was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and odds ratios (OR) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression.
Results: We included 2 104 patients. In total, 321 patients with histologically confirmed MPLC and 642 healthy controls were studied. The significantly higher ratio of current smokers was observed for the cases than the controls (54.1% vs. 30.0%). A family history of LC in first-degree relatives of the cases reported a significantly higher proportion than in the controls (15.3% vs. 8.6%). Family history of all cancers and LC significantly increased the risk of MPLC (OR = 1.64, P = 0.009 and OR = 2.59, P = 0.000, respectively). The multivariate analysis identified a significantly increased risk of MPLC (OR = 2.45, P = 0.000) associated with parents and siblings influenced by LC history. The younger age (aged < 55 years) of LC cases at diagnosis exhibited a significantly increased risk of MPLC (OR = 2.39, P = 0.000). A significant association with a family history of LC was found for male squamous carcinoma and male adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.59, p = 0.037 and OR = 1.64, p = 0.032, respectively). A positive association with LC history was only observed for female adenocarcinoma (OR = 2.23, p = 0.028). The risk of MPLC was not significantly associated with A family history of cancers in non-smokers (OR = 0.91, P = 0.236). Ever-smokers with a positive family history of cancer or LC had a significantly elevated risk of MPLC (OR = 4.01, P = 0.000 and OR = 6.49, P = 0.000, respectively). We also observed a very elevated risk for smokers with no family history (OR = 3.49, P = 0.000). Such a positive association was also observed in ever-smokers with no family history of LC (OR = 3.55, P = 0.000). Adenocarcinoma in females was prevalent and significantly associated with a family history of LC in risk of MPLC compared with other histologic subtypes.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest an association between a family history of LC and MPLC risk among an Asian population. Smoking status and family history of LC have a synergistic effect on MPLC. These findings indicate that MPLC exhibits familiar aggregation and that inherited genetic susceptibility may contribute to the development of MPLC.
Feasibility of a physical activity intervention for children and adolescents with anxiety and depression
Authors: Kodal Arne , Muirhead Fiona , Reilly John J. , Wergeland Gro Janne , Thorsen Paul Joachim Bloch , Bovim Lars Peder Vatshelle , Elgen Irene 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Physical activity is identified as a key modifiable factor towards good short- and long-term mental health and has shown positive effects on anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. However, physical activity-based interventions are not a part of standard mental health care and evidence on the effect of such interventions is still lacking. A transdiagnostic, physical activity-based intervention was developed as a supplement to routine clinical care for youth in specialized child and adolescent mental health services.
Methods/design: The feasibility of the physical activity intervention (Confident, Active and Happy Youth) was evaluated in an open-label study by assessing the recruitment process, acceptability, intervention suitability, contentment and preliminary intervention effects in the form of youth and parent rated anxiety and depressive symptoms. Physical activity levels were objectively measured using ActigraphTM physical activity sensors, and progression to a definitive study was evaluated in accordance with a-priori criteria.
Results: In total 21 of 25 eligible youth consented to participate, two dropped out of the intervention while 19 completed (76% of eligible participants). The retention rate among consenting participants was 89% and mean attendance to sessions was 83%. The suitability of the intervention was rated as good by youth and their parents, and intervention contentment was rated high. Effects on youth and parent-rated symptom measures following the intervention were negligible, except for parent-rated anxiety symptoms assessed at 10-month follow-up. Accelerometer data indicated lower levels of moderate to vigorous activity during sessions, than intended. No adverse effects were noted.
Conclusion: This feasibility study met the pre-determined progression criteria to a definitive study. Thus, a larger trial with longer follow-up should be conducted to explore the effect of the intervention.
Study registration:
ClnicalTrials.gov, NCT05049759. Retrospectively registered, 20.09.2021
Inverse Power Generalized Maxwell Distribution with Applications in Industry
Authors: Alsahangiti Arwa M. , Gemeay Ahmed M. , Sapkota Laxmi Prasad , Bakr Mahmoud E. , Benchiha SidAhmed , Balogun Oluwafemi Samson , Hossam Eslam , Shama Mustafa S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Employing the inverse power transformation technique, we have proposed a new continuous three-parameter probability distribution and named it inverse power generalized Maxwell distribution. This distribution is the generalized version of the generalized Maxwell distribution. For this model, we have derived some functions related to survival analysis. Several statistical properties of the model are provided. This study also focused on the estimation of the unknown model parameters. Six different parameter estimation methods are employed and studied extensively through numerical simulation. To investigate the applications of the suggested model, two real engineering data sets are considered and empirically found that the suggested model can provide a superior fit as compared to some candidate models under study.\\ \\
\textbf{Keywords:} Generalize Maxwell distribution, Moments, Estimation, Inverse power, Entropy.
A cross-sectional study of the relationship between background noise and hearing threshold among Indian mine workers: formulating regression equations to reduce the false- positive hearing impairment cases
Authors: Nandi Subroto , Tank Nitishkumar D , Dhatrak Sarang V 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background noise is believed to affect audiometry results conducted particularly in non-soundproof booth in various occupational settings. The present study first of its kind investigated the effect of background noise on the results of audiometry among mine workers. Furthermore, the study formulated regression equations to rationalise audiometry conducted in a non-soundproof audiometry booth. In this cross-sectional study, audiometry was performed on mineworkers (n=388) divided into four groups with variable background noise outside the soundproof booth and then within the soundproof booth. The hearing levels of audiograms obtained outside and inside the soundproof booth were compared. A graph was plotted based on the differences in hearing level and background noise outside the audiometry booth. The relationship between variations in hearing level and background noise was explored using a coefficient of correlation. When the outside background noise level increased from 26 dB to 62 dB, the difference in hearing level increased from 2 dB to 27 dB across all groups. The mean hearing levels were found to be more affected at lower frequencies than at higher frequencies. Based on background noise and the variance in hearing level for each frequency, the study proposed regression equations. The study concluded that background noise had a greater impact on audiometry results at lower frequencies. Formulated regression equations may have the advantage of reducing the number of false positive hearing impairment cases that would have been identified in non-soundproof booths. The findings of the study are important particularly among mine workers in developing countries like India.