bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Biological and Chemical Control against the Maize Late Wilt Agent Magnaporthiopsis maydis
Authors: Gordani Asaf , Hijazi Bayan , Dimant Elhanan , Degani Ofir 
Published: January 2023

Today’s fungal plant disease control efforts tend towards environmentally friendly and reduced chemical applications. While traditional broad-spectrum fungicides provide efficient protection to many field crops, they pose a risk to the soil’s beneficial microflora and a potential health hazard. Moreover, their intensive use often evokes the appearance of resistant pathogens. On the other hand, biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma spp. provide a green solution but often cannot shield the plants from aggressive disease outbreaks. Integrated biological and chemical disease control can combine the benefits of both methods while reducing their drawbacks. In the current study, such a bio-chemo approach was developed and evaluated for the first time against the maize late wilt pathogen, Magnaporthiopsis maydis. Combinations of four Trichoderma species and Azoxystrobin were tested, starting with an in vitro seed assay, then a growth room sprouts trial, and finally a semi-field, full-season pot experiment. In the plates assay, all four Trichoderma species, Trichoderma sp. O.Y. (T14707), T. longibrachiatum (T7407), T. asperellum (P1) and T. asperelloides (T203), grew (but with some delay) in the presence of Azoxystrobin minimal inhibition concentration (0.005 mg/L). The latter two species provided high protection to sprouts in the growth room and to potted plants throughout a full season in a semi-field open-enclosure trial. At harvest, the P1 and T203 bio-shielding exhibited the best parameters (statistically significant) in plant growth promotion, yield increase and late wilt protection (up to 29% health recovery and 94% pathogen suppression tracked by real-time PCR). When applied alone, the Azoxystrobin treatment provided minor (insignificant) protection. Adding this fungicide to Trichoderma spp. resulted in similar (statistically equal) results to their sole application. Still, the fact that Azoxystrobin is harmless to the beneficial Trichoderma species over a complete semi-field condition is a great opening stage for carrying out follow-up studies validating the integrated control in a commercial field situation challenged with acute disease stress.
Assessment of Microbial Contamination in the Infulene River Basin, Mozambique
Authors: Nhantumbo Clemêncio , Cangi Vaz Nídia , Rodrigues Mery , Manuel Cândido , Rapulua Sífia , Langa Jéssica , Nhantumbo Hélio , Joaquim Dominic , Dosse Michaque , Sumbana José , Santos Ricardo , Monteiro Silvia , Juízo Dinis 
Published: January 2023

Water microbial contamination is one of the major threats to human health. The study focus is on Infulene River Basin, a urban catchment with mainly informal settlements, with limited water supply and sanitation. In the catchment there are two wastewater treatment plants, one hospital and beer factory located on the banks of the main stream; water from this stream is used for urban agriculture and domestic uses by some dwellers. These factors present a significant health risk from water-borne diseases. At the moment there is limited knowledge about the level of microbial contamination of the different sources of water at the disposal of the communities. Thus, a preliminary study on fecal microbial contamination was conducted targeting the Infulene River and the drainage system from the nearby Maputo city draining into the system, with additional investigation on the drinking water provided by the city water supply company. The quantification of Total Coliforms (TC) and Escherichia coli (EC) was conducted at several sampling locations. Results were compared with official drinking water standards. Eighty two percent (82%) and 61% of Infulene river water and drainage water samples were positive for TC (105 to 109 NPN/100 mL) and EC (105 to 107 NPN/100 mL), respectively. For drinking water samples, 63% and 23% were positive for TC (up to 6000 NPN/100 mL) and EC (up to 1000 NPN/100 mL), respectively. Higher microbial contamination was found in neighborhoods with the poorest sanitation and shallow groundwater, i.e., Chamanculo, Xipamanine, Mafalala, Aeroporto and Maxaquene, a situation that was more expressive during the rainy season. Overall, the study confirmed the high vulnerability to microbial contamination of all sources investigated due to poor sanitation and lack of drainage infrastructure. The risks to human health might be even higher considering that contaminated water is used for gardening of vegetable watering and domestic use.
Les tendances politiques des littératures postsoviétiques de l’imaginaire
Authors: Fišman Leonid 
Published: January 2023

Political trends in post-Soviet science fiction.
The article surveys the main trends in post-soviet science fiction. The author identifies two significant theses binding politicised Russian science fiction within the broader social and ideological context of post-Soviet Russia. these are revisionism and revanchism and the article traces their transformation into populist imperial fiction. The author focuses on the problem of large-scale disappointment in postsoviet society and the representation of this in dystopian writing and “ popadancheskaya” fiction.
Le motif de la nourriture et ses fonctions dans le conte littéraire russe pour enfants au XIXe siècle
Authors: Kriajeva Kouzmina Nadejda 
Published: January 2023

Food and its Functions in Russian 19th-Century Literary Tales for Children.
the present study deals with the use of the food motif in the 19th century russian literary tale, with a special focus on three texts by Vasili zhukovsky, Piotr Wagner and Antony Pogorelsky. A secondary element in folk tales, food becomes central in literary tales, where it is used to trigger the plot, characterize the characters, or suggest the deep moral meaning of the text.
Rituel, violence et perversion : la drôle de cuisine de Vladimir Sorokine
Authors: Qualin Anthony 
Published: January 2023

Serving up Ritual, Violence, and Perversion : The Bizarre Cuisine of Vladimir Sorokin.
The works of Vladimir Sorokin display an attention to detail in the description of food preparation and consumption that is unusual for russian literature. Perhaps even more unusual is the content of the cuisine served up and eaten by Sorokin’s characters. In this paper, I discuss images of cannibalism and sadism in Sorokin’s work. I shall argue that such imagery does not always reflect the liberating carnival atmosphere described by bakhtin, but, rather, that Sorokin’s works express the tensions inherit in deriving pleasure in the consumption of other living things and that they demonstrate the terror that can stem from giving free reign to our appetites.
Zinaïda Hippius, Boris Savinkov, Alexandre Kerenski face à la guerre
Authors: Hogenhuis-Seliverstoff Anna 
Published: January 2023

Zinaïda Hippius , Boris Savinkov and Alexander Kerenski’s Stand towards War.
The letters exchanged between transgressive writer Hippius and exiled terrorist Savinkov, from August 1914 on, reflect the stand of left­wing intellectuals towards war. Their long­standing discussions about revolution give way to strong patriotic feelings. For him, Russia must come first and Hippius rejects the prospect of a Christian revolution while the war drags on at heavy costs. Through Hippius’s diaries, we see both of them teaming up with Kerenski as he advocates a renewed war effort in line with the Entente. However, after November 1917, they gradually split, as Hippius gets deluded in the motives of Russia’s Allies while Savinkov keeps relying on their support to the bitter end, which he meets in a desperate move.
Maximilian Volochine, chroniqueur de la Grande Guerre : Un regard depuis Paris
Authors: Victoroff Tatiana 
Published: January 2023

Maximilian Volochine, Chronicler of the Great War : A Look From Paris.
Volochine , witnessing the Great War from Dornach and Paris, develops a historical, metaphysical and poetical vision of it in a set of articles for Russian readers of
Биржевые ведомости and in a poetic cycle Anno mundi ardentis 1915. In front of this “ civil war ” in which Europe is committing suicide, he sees in this a Judgment from above which soon moves to Russia. The compassionate poet stands between the belligerents, praying for people from both sides and welcoming them without discrimination in the haven of his “ House of the Poet ”.
Mobilisation familiale : les Gunzburg en 14-18
Authors: Meaux Lorraine de 
Published: January 2023

Family Mobilization : The Gunzburgs during First World War.
The Gunzburgs were Russian Jews established in Petrograd, Odesa, Paris, London, Vienna, Lausanne and Braila. Their archives, full of letters, memories, photographs, military papers or passports, offer an intimate chronicle of the First World War. There was no emphasis nor any signs of nationalism in the vision of this very privileged family of bankers : during those hard times, they showed a strong family spirit and a constant military and civilian commitment.
Le centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale en Russie : la mémoire de la coopération franco-russe
Authors: Khodnev Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

The Centenary of the First World War : the Russian­French Cooperation in the Contemporary Historical Memory in Russia.
The article reveals the boom of historical memory studies in present day Russia. The officially supported memory of the First World War hardly existed in Russia before the end of the 1980s. Interest in the history of the World War I rapidly revived only in the 1990s. Franco­Russian cooperation has become an important theme of the new commemorative practices. However, the First World War remains for Russians in the shadow of the victory in the Great Patriotic War (World War II).
De la guerre "impérialiste" à la "Seconde Guerre patriotique" : l'espace mémoriel russe de la Première Guerre mondiale
Authors: Pakhalyuk Konstantin 
Published: January 2023

From «Imperialistic War » to «Second Patriotic War » : Spaces of Memory and Commemoration of WWI in Russia.
The article is devoted to the memory of First World War in modern Russia. The author points to the dependence of public discourse of approaches developed in prerevolutionary and Soviet times, as well as «memory communities », emerged in 1990­ . The determining factor is structuring of this issue by patriotic and media discourses, as well as by current political events (crisis in Ukraine and pressure upon the political opposition). Patriotic discourse forges symbolic national unity by offering a common frame of interpretation and aims at establishing affective relationship to the past (feeling of pride for heroic deeds and achievements), while the choice of heroes and victories to be proud of in the symbolic space is left at the discretion of some community organisations.
La Première Guerre mondiale dans les manuels russes
Authors: Samartseva Elena 
Published: January 2023

First World War in Modern Russian History Textbooks.
The paper investigates the way World War I is dealt with in Russian universities and schools. It reviews schoolbooks and university textbooks written by V. V. Artemov and Y. N. Lubchenkov, V. V. Fortunatov, D. I. Oleynikov, A. S. Orlov and others, some of which may be accessed online. Other ways of getting knowledge about World War I events are lectures, as well as various workshop teaching tools such as discussing feature or documentary films, or studying authentic supports, such as letters and memoirs. Also some questionnaires are used in order to assess the knowledge about WWI. In these commemoration years many students become aware of insufficient knowledge about such an important subject. Many gaps in WWI history studies are yet to be filled.
De la confrontation à la coopération et à la prise d'influence : la politique de l'Eglise orthodoxe russe en Europe occidentales (2000-2010)
Authors: Mitrokhin Nikolaj 
Published: January 2023

From confrontation to cooperation and influence : politics of Russian Orthodox Church in Western Europe since the 2000s.
The article examines the development of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) in Europe since the early 2000s. After a brief historical overview , the author the ROC’s change of policy from the middle of the 2000s as it began to a rapprochement with the European Christian churches and be increasingly in the European Union. The reasons for this change are multiple, from the of the head of the Catholic Church, to growth of " Orthodox tourism ", to the emigration from the former Soviet Union that increased the number and size Orthodox parishes, and helped the ROC to a victory over other Russian Orthodox in Western Europe. This expansion has been supported by logistical and aid of the Russian State, which envisages the ROC as one of its soft power The desire to play an active political role in Europe prompts the ROC to seek with mainstream European Christian churches. However, due to differences over their respective views on the role of religion in society, the ROC is often forced to ally itself with ultra­conservative movements and political forces.
Polyphonie linguistique en Ukraine
Authors: Polovynko Olena 
Published: January 2023

Language Polyphony in Ukraine.
The article focuses on the place of Russian in the linguistic landscape of contemporary Ukraine. 25 years ago, when Ukraine declared its independence, the Ukrainian got the status of the only one official language. Today, according to surveys, a large portion of the population expresses its desire to speak Ukrainian, this desire is being fueled by the ongoing events of the last two years. Nevertheless, in many regions of Ukraine, Russian remains the predominant language used by their inhabitants, and the second used form of communication, is not the official title language, but the surzhyk. The presence of this Ukrainian­Russian mixed language does not allow the language situation in Ukraine to be classified as neither bilingualism nor diglossia, conducting us to speak about a “ language polyphony ”.
La révolution vue par Ivan Bounine et Jours maudits
Authors: Gemba Holger 
Published: January 2023

Ivan Bunin's Cursed days.
The literary and documentary text Okajannye dni [Cursed days] (1925, 1927 Paris, 1935 Berlin), which focusses on revolution and civil war and is written in diary form, represents a dramatic biographical and artistic point of transition in the life and work of Ivan Bunin (1870­1953). In no other literary work (except for his diaries) Ivan Bunin appears as radical , open and emotional as in this shocking and at the same time poetic text. Bunin’s Cursed days can be considered a key text for the understanding of his complete works.
Le jeu du pouvoir soviétique à Brest­Litovsk
Authors: Choubine Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

Soviet Power’s Games at Brest­Litovsk.
The peace treaty of Brest­Litovsk was signed by the Central Powers and Soviet Russia on March 3, 1918. But peace negotiations had started on December 22, 1917. The bolsheviks tried to prolong the proceedings in the hope of the outbreak of revolution in other countries . In fact , their leaders, such as Lenin, Trotsky or Bukharin , not speaking of the Socialist Revolutionaries, were not unanimous at all. Trotsky, for instance, head of the Soviet delegation since January 9, called for a recess, Lenin was reluctant. So the discussions lasted quite a time and meanwhile the Kiev Rada , on behalf of the Ukrainian Republic , also signed a peace treaty on February 9, 1918. It seems that the harsh civil war which began in May 1918 is largely the consequence of the signature of the peace in Brest­Litovsk .
Saint-Georges, trait d’union entre Orient et Occident
Authors: Martinowsky Georges 
Published: January 2023

The St­Georges boarding school as a link between East and West.
The St­Georges boarding school founded in 1921 in Constantinople by Jesuits in order to offer a shelter for young Russian immigrants, was moved to Namur, then Paris and finally Meudon before closing down in 1970. The author of the article, a former resident at Meudon, starts by evoking his personal memories, then he broadens the scope of his article by setting up the Jesuits’ action within the framework of an attempt at bringing together and allowing mutual recognition between Orthodox East and Catholic West that were separated since 1504.
Les Bas­fonds, un film de Jean Renoir (1936) d'après la pièce de Maxime Gorki
Authors: Abensour Gérard 
Published: January 2023

The transition from Russian to French has made the movie The Lower Depths
by Jean Renoir , an adaptation of a stage play into a strange hall of mirrors. The transposition demonstrates a substantial misconception of the Russian context. Maxim Gorky wrote Na Dne in 1902 , in the midst of a revolutionary ferment, while Renoir made his film in 1936 at the time of the victory of the leftwing Popular Front. In contrast to the hopelessness at the end of the play, the film finishes with an optimistic outlook, in the manner of Charlot . As in Chaplin’s Modern Times, we see the hero and his fiancée escape a miserable destiny and leave , hand in hand , to seek their happiness. The director asked the eminent author Evgenii Zamyatin to write the screenplay and assigned a central role to Vladimir Sokoloff, two Russians ; there is little of their Russian influence in the overall tone and the film stays remote from Russian reality. To satisfy the audience he called in two great stars of French cinema , Louis Jouvet and Jean Gabin. Taking the viewer’s subconscious back into a purely French context, the film is completely detached from Gorky's work.
Le Caucase dans le ballet de Charles­Louis Didelot : frontières d’une œuvre
Authors: Nikitina Tatiana 
Published: January 2023

Charles­Louis Didelot (1767­1837) fut un maître de ballet français qui a effectué une longue carrière dans les Théâtres impériaux russes durant la période 1801­ 1831. Il est aussi considéré être l’un des premiers chorégraphes à s’intéresser aux œuvres des poètes et des écrivains russes pour la composition d’une œuvre chorégraphique. Parmi ses ballets, Le Prisonnier du Caucase ou l’Ombre de la fiancée, composé en 1823, suscite le plus grand intérêt . Cette œuvre qui puise son inspiration dans le poème d’Alexandre Pouchkine, introduit un dialogue entre la littérature russe et le ballet . L’objectif de cet article est d’explorer les frontières et les relations entre le texte littéraire et l’œuvre chorégraphique , ainsi que d’analyser la présentation de l’imaginaire caucasien dans un ballet. L’étude du Prisonnier du Caucase
révèle l’adaptation de certaines règles de la conversion chorégraphique. La digression littéraire et l’introduction de nouveaux éléments dans le ballet manifestent un changement de l’esthétique qui préfigure l’arrivée du romantisme. En outre , elle démontre que cette œuvre est un lieu de la transposition des dogmes tsaristes imposés au théâtre. Il est ainsi important d’éclairer l’étude des pratiques chorégraphiques en Russie du XIXe siècle par la prise en compte du système politique et du contexte socio­culturel.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA SALE PISANG JARI MUTIA RASA
Authors: Sopyah Via , Malia Rosda , Fauzi Deri Fikri 
Published: January 2023

Bisnis merupakan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan pembelian atau penjualan terhadap barang atau jasa. Dalam berbisnis, setiap pelaku usaha harus menganalisis bagaimana kelayakan bisnis dari usahanya agar mengetahui resiko yang akan dihadapi di masa yang akan datang. Aspek finansial adalah aspek paling penting untuk dianalisis kelayakannya, karena jika aspek finansial menunjukkan hasil yang tidak layak, maka usulan usaha/bisnis akan ditolak. PD. Mutia Rasa merupakan produsen terbesar Sale Pisang di Kabupaten Cianjur. Selama 25 tahun berbisnis, PD. Mutia Rasa pernah mengalami beberapa kali perubahan baik dari segi input maupun output. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kelayakan finansial Usaha Sale Pisang Jari Mutia Rasa. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan perhitungan Break Event Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C R), Payback Period (PBP) dan analisis sensitivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Nilai BEP untuk Tahun 2017-2019 BEP harga sebesar Rp7.003,00 dan BEP volume produksi sebesar 99.009 pcs, nilai BEP untuk Tahun 2020-2021 yaitu BEP harga sebesar Rp7.655,00 dan BEP volume produksi sebesar 36.074 pcs. (2) Nilai NPV sebesar Rp1.953.578.534,00. (3) Nilai B/C R untuk Tahun 2017-2019 sebesar 1,57 dan untuk Tahun 2020-2020 sebesar 1,44. (4) Nilai Payback Period sebesar 9,17 (9 bulan 17 hari). (5) Hasil perhitungan analisis sensitivitas dengan parameter biaya variabel naik 10% dan volume produksi turun 20%, dapat dikatakan bahwa usaha ini layak.
The Relationship Between Students Interests and Attitudes: A Study of Junior High School in Batanghari City
Authors: Budiarti Retni Sulistiyoning , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Widodo Rido Ilham , Pratama Wahyu Adi 
Published: January 2023

The urgency of this research is that it is expected to be a reference for teachers to find out the interests and attitudes of students at the state junior high school or madrasah tsanawiyah level on the respiratory system material. This study aims to determine how the relationship between interests and attitudes of students at a state junior high school and a state madrasah tsanawiyah in Batanghari on the respiratory system material. The instrument used was a questionnaire which was distributed to students using descriptive quantitative methods. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, using normality, homogeneity, and regression tests. In the study, it was found that there was a significant relationship between the variables of interest in learning and the attitudes of students in learning the respiratory system material for both students. This is indicated by the table of regression test results, which shows that the B value is positive, other evidence is also shown from the t-count value which is larger and has a positive value compared to the t-table value which indicates the interest variable has a relationship with the attitude variable. Therefore, it is very important to develop students' interest in the respiratory system material in order to improve students' learning attitudes, so that it can help improve their learning outcomes.