bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Akkermansia muciniphila – multifunctional bacteria
Authors: Wosińska Alicja , Pazik Dorota , Łopuszyńska Inga , Kosecka Katarzyna , Rudziński Patryk , Cieślik Aleksandra , Jargieło Anna , Kosieradzka Karolina , Adamowicz Dominik , Stańczyk Justyna 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The complex symbiotic connection between the host and the gut microbiome, which has many important functions in the organism, provides an opportunity for dysbiosis to potentially serve as a catalyst for various health disorders. Akkermancia muciniphila, a bacterium that degadates mucin, is a noteworthy element of the human gut microbiome and has captured the attention of researchers due to its correlation with numerous diseases.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this research was to review literature and determine the impact of Akkermansia muciniphila in selected diseases. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed database.
State of knowledge: Studies have shown that reduced numbers of Akkermansia muciniphila have been associated with many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver, some neurological conditions, inflammation, and response to cancer immunotherapies. Furthermore, the administration of this bacterium has been shown to have a positive impact on reducing obesity-related parameters, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, mitigating inflammation, and enhancing the prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.
Conclusions: The condition and composition of the intestinal microbiome play a significant role in the development and progression of numerous diseases. Akkermansia muciniphila, as demonstrated in various studies, is an example of a bacterium associated with beneficial effects in multiple diseases. It is regarded as a promising candidate for probiotic use.
Access to public sports infrastructure in Poland as a preventive factor for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Jasiura Adam , Lipczyńska Wiktoria , Warchoł Konrad , Gorzel Mateusz 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant health concern globally, including in Poland. Physical activity has been identified as a crucial preventive factor for CVDs, and access to public sports infrastructure plays a vital role in promoting physical activity. However, the relationship between access to such infrastructure and its impact on cardiovascular health outcomes in Poland remains understudied.
Aim of the study: This study aims to investigate the impact of access to public sports infrastructure on the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and mortality rates in Poland.
Materials and methods: Publicly available data were obtained regarding sports facilities, population structure, hospitalizations, and deaths.
Results: There is a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.3096; p < 0.001) between hospitalization rates for cardiovascular diseases and the stadiums and playing fields available in the studied countries. The correlation between cardiovascular hospitalizations and indoor and outdoor arenas and gyms was also negative, but its effect was moderately weak (r = -0.2068, p < 0.001; r = -0.2597, p < 0.001, respectively). The average hospitalization rate for cardiovascular diseases in subjects over 65 years of age (M = 12117.24) was significantly higher compared to the group of all subjects (M = 3082.18) and subjects under 65 years of age (M = 1260.96). There is a negative correlation between the death rate and the availability of selected sports facilities, with a moderately weak effect for all sports infrastructure subgroups (r = -0.215 - -0.233).
Conclusion: The effect of accessibility to public sport infrastructure on CVDs prevalence and related deaths is moderate to weak. The studied positive effect particularly affects people under 65 years of age. Further studies of other sport-connected predictors may be beneficial.
Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy in treatment of prostate cancer – presentation of the method and results
Authors: Gorczyca Przemysław , Bigdoń Anna Maria , Ćwiek Maciej , Góra Mateusz , Hunek Adrian Krzysztof , Kozłowska Martyna , Kreft Rafał , Sydor Patryk , Wartacz Marcel , Woźniak Aleksander 
Published: July 2023

Background: Prostate cancer is a malignant cancer and the second most frequent malignancy in men. Millions of people are suffering from this problem across the globe. The gold standard for the treatment of this disease is considered radical prostatectomy. This method can lead to a complete cure but is not free of complications. Retzius-sparing modification of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy is a new method that can contribute to better results in faster recovery.
Aim of this study: To present the difference between the Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RS-RARP) and the Standard Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy (S-RARP) in method and results.
Materials and methods: A review was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar including publications from the last 9 years. Literature was searched using the following terms: “Retzius-sparing”, “robot-assisted radical prostatectomy” and “prostate cancer”.
Results and conclusion: Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy is a relatively new method that can improve results in prostate cancer treatment. In analyzed original articles RS-RARP compared to s-RARP showed better recovery of continence and lower risk of hernia. Although there were no significant differences in postoperative sexual function, positive surgical margins, and 1-year-biochemical recurrence rate.
The role of exosomes in ischemic stroke
Authors: Ciecierski-Koźlarek Hubert , Żurek Urszula , Tołwiński Ignacy , Kędzierska Zofia , Szwed Weronika , Antkowiak Klaudia , Dadas Klaudia , Świercz Aleksandra , Małachowska Dominika , Shved Kateryna 
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose: Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop new treatments and diagnosis. The aim of this review is to gather current knowledge on the potential use of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke. This review was based on available data collected in the Pub Med database and Google Scholar web search engine, using the key words: „Exosomes”, „ischemic stroke”

Description of the state of knowledge: Currently, thanks to the development of knowledge about molecular processes, many studies are conducted on drugs that could limit neurodegenerative processes and support repair processes. Many of the drugs that could be used in treatment show poor penetration through the blood-brain barrier. In studies, exosomes show good penetration through the blood-brain barrier, limit neurodegenerative processes and show neuroregenerative effects. Exosomes are characterized by low immunogenicity and toxicity, and the proteins contained in them are involved in neurogenesis, anti-apoptotic processes and synaptic transmission. In addition, studies have shown exosomes inhibit autophagocytosis and reduce neuronal damage.
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Summary: Studies performed on animal models have shown the effectiveness of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke. Further studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety profile of exosomes in humans.
La eficiencia de la conciliación en el derecho de consumo colombiano: reflexiones a partir de lo previsto en la Ley 1480 de 2011 (Estatuto de Protección al Consumidor) y en el Código General del Proceso
Authors: Sandoval Aldana Sonia Fabiola 
Published: July 2023

El propósito de este artículo es analizar la eficiencia de la conciliación en el Derecho de Consumo. Se analizarán las normas que la regulan, sus características, jurisprudencia relacionada, así como los datos cuantitativos recolectados mediante derechos de petición. Se hará una introducción a algunos temas del Análisis Económico del Derecho con el fin de nutrir la investigación. El texto concluye que mediante la conciliación se pueden obtener soluciones óptimas, evitar algunos costos a las partes, y mejorar la relación entre consumidor y productor.
Strategic Inventories in Competitive Supply Chains Under Bargaining
Authors: Chen Lucy Gongtao , Gu Weijia , Tang Qinshen 
Published: July 2023

Problem definition: Strategic inventory refers to the inventory held by firms purely out of strategic considerations other than operational reasons (e.g., economies of scale). In this paper, we investigate the roles of strategic inventory in a system with two parallel supply chains under both full bargaining and partial bargaining, which differ in whether inventory is included in the bargaining terms. Methodology/results: (i) Under full bargaining, horizontal competition can induce an asymmetric equilibrium, whereby only one of the chains carries strategic inventory and benefits from it when the holding cost is small. The whole system, however, is worse off. (ii) Under partial bargaining, regardless of whether there is horizontal competition, the retailer in a supply chain always carries inventory when his bargaining power is small and the inventory holding cost is low. Furthermore, with horizontal competition, inventory hurts (improves) the system performance when the inventory holding cost is small (above a threshold and not too big). (iii) Full bargaining can be inferior to partial bargaining when there is horizontal competition. Managerial implications: The conventional wisdom about strategic inventory should be taken with caution. Specifically, the traditional role of strategic inventory empowering the retailer in a supply chain is completely dominated by the full bargaining framework, yet it is still present if inventory is not bargained. The inventory driven by horizontal competition plays a different strategic role of signaling to the competitor to avoid an otherwise adverse quantity competition if both retailers carried high inventory. Furthermore, despite the full cooperation nature of the full bargaining framework, it is not always in the retailer’s interest to give up the decision power on inventory (partial bargaining) and include it in the negotiation process (full bargaining).Funding: Q. Tang was supported by Nanyang Technological University [Start-Up Grant 020022-00001].Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2020.0223 .
Refined Sellmeier equations for AgGaS2 down to 0.565  µm
Authors: Kato Kiyoshi , Petrov Valentin , Miyata Kentaro 
Published: July 2023

We revisit the 90° phase-matching conditions for second-harmonic, sum-frequency, and difference-frequency generation in AgGaS2 thus far reported in the literature. We present refined Sellmeier equations coupled with an updated thermo-optic dispersion formula to correctly reproduce the experimental results for noncritical three-wave interactions obtained in the 0.565–10.5910 µm spectral range.
Immune marker reductions in black and white Americans following sleeve gastrectomy in the short-term phase of surgical weight loss
Authors: Phillips Charles L. , Le Tran T. , Lirette Seth T. , Welch Bradley A. , Glover Sarah C. , Dungey Adam , Vick Kenneth D. , Grayson Bernadette E. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Surgical weight loss procedures like vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are sufficient in resolving obesity comorbidities and are touted to reduce the burden of pro-inflammatory cytokines and augment the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Recent reports suggest a reduced improvement in weight resolution after SG in Black Americans (BA) versus White Americans (WA). The goal of this study was to determine if differences in immunoglobulin levels and general markers of inflammation after SG in Black Americans (BA) and White Americans (WA) may contribute to this differential resolution.

Methods
Personal information, anthropometric data, and plasma samples were collected from 58 participants (24 BA and 34 WA) before and 6 weeks after SG for the measurement of immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, IgM, C-reactive protein (CRP), and transforming growth factor (TGFβ). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship of measures of body size and weight and inflammatory markers.

Results
Both IgG and CRP were significantly elevated in BA in comparison to WA prior to weight loss. Collectively, IgG, TGFβ, and CRP were all significantly reduced at six weeks following SG. CRP levels in BA were reduced to a similar extent as WA, but IgG levels were more dramatically reduced in BA than WA despite the overall higher starting concentration. No change was observed in IgA and IgM.

Conclusions
These data suggest that SG improves markers of immune function in both BA and WA. More diverse markers of immune health should be studied in future work.
Bile Cast Nephropathy Because of Acute Liver Injury Associated With Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators
Authors: Arayangkool Chinnawat , Gozun Maan , Tanariyakul Manasawee , Techasatian Witina , Leesutipornchai Thiratest , Nishimura Yoshito 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are novel nonsteroidal agents abused for performance enhancement such as anabolic steroids. We report a case of a 27-year-old man who used 3 different SARMs and presented with progressive weakness. Initial laboratory testing showed kidney and liver injury with creatinine 4.8 mg/dL and total bilirubin 43.3 mg/dL. An extensive workup was negative for other causes, and the results of liver and kidney biopsies were consistent with bile cast nephropathy because of SARM-associated drug-induced liver injury. His organ functions improved with the cessation of SARMs and plasmapheresis. Providers need to recognize the extreme consequences of SARM use.
Does chronic oral contraceptive use detrimentally affect C‐reactive protein or iron status for endurance‐trained women?
Authors: Badenhorst C. E. , Govus A. D. , Mündel T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeChronic use of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is reported to increase C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal females.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from two research studies in eumenorrheic (n = 8) and OCP (n = 8) female athletes. Basal CRP and iron parameters were included in the analysis. Sample collection occurred following a standardized exercise and nutritional control for 24 h. Eumenorrheic females were tested in the early‐follicular and mid‐luteal phases, and the OCP users were tested in quasi‐follicular and quasi‐luteal phases (both active pill periods).ResultsA main effect for group (p < 0.01) indicated that average CRP concentration was higher in OCP users compared with eumenorrheic females, regardless of the day of measurement within the cycle. Results demonstrate a degree of iron parameters moderation throughout the menstrual cycle that is influenced by basal CRP levels; however, no linear relationship with CRP, serum iron, and ferritin was observed.ConclusionsBasal CRP values were consistently higher in the OCP group despite participants being in a rested state. These results may indicate a potential risk of cardiovascular disease in prolonged users of the OCP when compared to eumenorrheic female athletes.
Obfuscation of Quality Information for Dual Bounded Rational Consumers
Authors: Kumagae Keiki , Hosoe Moriki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We study the incentives for firms’ obfuscation strategies and their impact on social welfare in a market with boundedly rational consumers. We assume that firms obfuscate product information, which can prevent consumers from acquiring type information. Some naive consumers in the markets exhibited limited comprehension and default bias toward higher-quality products. We show that firms chose obfuscation in all cases except those in which consumers have a strong degree of bounded rationality and more pessimistically evaluate themselves as the naive type. This means that for firms, the benefits from second-degree price discrimination are limited and obfuscation may be a more important strategy than informing. We also find that, under certain conditions, obfuscation may result in socially desirable product allocation. This result indicate that careful consideration needs to be given to policies that reduce the incentive for firms to obfuscate, such as increasing the proportion of sophisticated consumers.
Hallazgo incidental de una hemoglobina rara: hemoglobina Bari en el noreste de España
Authors: Lahoz Alonso Raquel , Romero Sánchez Naiara , González Sánchez Ruth , Escobar Medina Antonia , López Martos Aurora M. , Domínguez García Marta , Beneitez Pastor David , Prieto Grueso Montserrat , Blanco Álvarez Adoración , Urban Giralt Susana , Esteve Alcalde Patricia 
Published: July 2023

Resumen

Objetivos
La cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC) es una de las técnicas empleadas para determinar la hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) y el método de elección para el cribado de hemoglobinopatías estructurales. El objetivo de este caso es mostrar cómo en un análisis de rutina de HbA1c es posible encontrar incidentalmente una hemoglobinopatía.

Caso clínico
En un análisis clínico rutinario, se observó un valor anormal de hemoglobina A2 (HbA2) en el análisis de HbA1c mediante HPLC, realizado con el analizador ADAMS™ A1c HA-8180T. Ante la sospecha de la presencia de una hemoglobinopatía, se amplió el estudio a posibles variantes mediante electroforesis y HPLC, empleando los analizadores Hydrasys y Variant II, respectivamente. Dado que no se pudo identificar con ninguno de los métodos tradicionales, se realizó también un estudio genético mediante secuenciación Sanger. El paciente presentaba niveles bajos de HbA2
(1.3%) y una variante del 24,9% con un tiempo de retención de 1.95 minutos, compatible con una variante de la cadena de alfa-globina. En el estudio genético, se detectó la variante patogénica c.138C>G en el gen HBA2 en heterocigosis, causando la expresión de la hemoglobinopatía conocida como hemoglobina Bari.

Conclusiones
El cribado inicial de hemoglobinopatías estructurales permite su identificación o suscita sospecha de su presencia, especialmente cuando se realiza junto al análisis de HbA1c, requiriendo posterior confirmación y diagnóstico con otras técnicas.
Plato onSunaitia
Authors: Campbell Douglas R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractI argue that Plato thinks that asunaitionis a mere tool used by a soul (or by the cosmicnous) to promote an intended outcome. In the first section, I develop the connection betweensunaitiaand Plato’s teleology. In the second section, I argue thatsunaitiabelong to Plato’s theory of the soul as a self-mover: specifically, they are those things that are set in motion by the soul in the service of some goal. I also argue against several popular and long-standing interpretations, namely, thatsunaitiacorrespond to Aristotle’s idea of hypothetical necessity, thatsunaitiaare the ‘how’ in an explanation (whereas the true cause is the ‘why’), and that Plato’s causal views should be read through Aristotle’s fourfold schema. I conclude the article by surveying the history ofsunaitiaafter Plato’s usage.
Varieties of Borel subalgebras for the Jacobson–Witt Lie algebras
Authors: Ou Ke , Shu Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLetW⁢(n){W(n)}be the Jacobson–Witt algebra over algebraic closed field𝕂{\mathbb{K}}with characteristicp>2{p>2}. In [K. Ou and B. Shu, Borel subalgebras of restricted Cartan-type Lie algebras, J. Algebra Appl. 21 2022, 11, Paper No. 2250210], we introduced the so-called B-subalgebra ofW⁢(n){W(n)}, which serves as an analog of the Borel subalgebra of classical Lie algebras. As a sequel, we describe the structure of the varietyℬ{\mathcal{B}}consisting of all B-subalgebras ofW⁢(n){W(n)}in this paper. This variety presents an analog of the flag variety for classical Lie algebras. It is shown thatℬ{\mathcal{B}}is related to the variety of all full flags in𝕂n+1{\mathbb{K}^{n+1}}. Additionally, we provide a detailed description of the varieties forW⁢(1){W(1)}as an illustrative example. With the above setting-up, one may establish the Springer theory and geometric representations for the Jacobson–Witt algebras.
A generalization of the canonical commutation relation and Heisenberg uncertainty principle for the orbital operators
Authors: Ugulava Duglas , Zarnadze David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the orbits of observable physical quantities of position and momentum operators at the states of quantum Hilbert spaces are created. Also the Hilbert space of finite orbits and the Fréchet–Hilbert space of all orbits are created and the orbital operators corresponding to these observable operators in these spaces of orbits are defined and studied. We call this process the orbitization, and the obtained model the orbital quantum mechanics. The orbitization process is compared with the quantization process. The generalization of well-known canonical commutation relations for orbital operators corresponding to the position and momentum operators is established. Also, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for the orbital operators is proved and the question of achieving equality in the Heisenberg inequality is considered.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO/β-cyclodextrin/nicotinic acid nanocomposite and its biological and environmental application
Authors: Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Syed Rabbani , Shahid Mudassar , Shaik Jilani Purusottapatnam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the present work, the disk-shaped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized and functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) using the wet co-precipitation method. The functionalized ZnO/β-CD/nicotinic acid nanocomposite materials were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), and band-gap energy analysis. The band gap value (E
g) was 4.3 eV. The average XRD crystallite size was determined using the Scherrer formula and was found to be 50 nm. The ZnO/β-CD/nicotinic acid nanocomposite material showed a photocatalytic effect for dye-polluted wastewater. It also showed an antibacterial effect against the Gram-positive bacterial strain Streptococcus aureus (S. aureus) but did not show any antibacterial activity with Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli). The ZnO/β-CD/nicotinic acid nanocomposite also showed antifungal activity with Aspergillus niger (A. niger). It was noticed that ZnO/β-CD/nicotinic acid nanocomposite showed efficient anticancer activity with IC50 = 14.95 µg·mL−1 in MCF-7 cell lines. Because of the formation of singlet oxygen (O2˙−) and hydrogen oxide radical (–OH˙), the composite material showed a photodegradation reaction against aq. solution of methylene blue dye. After 190 min, the blue colour of aq. solution methylene blue was decolourized at 6 pH at a constant time interval.