bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified indirect rotor field‐oriented control strategies for wye‐connected three‐phase induction motor drives under an open‐phase fault
Authors: Yousefi Bahman , Ghanbari Mahmood , Ebrahimi Reza , Jannati Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractField‐oriented control (FOC) has been broadly used as an accurate control method for electric drives. The traditional FOC approach has been effectively developed to 3‐phase induction motor (3φ IM) drive systems in recent decades. Despite the usefulness of FOC methods during normal condition, these strategies are unable to control a wye‐connected 3φ IM (3φ IMy) under the stator winding open circuit fault (SWOCF). This paper discusses modified indirect rotor FOC (FOCIR) strategies for 3φ IMy drives under the SWOCF. The stationary reference frame (RF) model is presented and utilized to develop vector control systems for the faulty 3φ IMy using asymmetrical transformations. This model is also used to propose a modified FOCIR method for 3φ IMy drives against the SWOCF based on the symmetrical/traditional transformation and using the bi‐voltage controller. The performances of the presented control methods are confirmed via simulations and experiments for a 3φ IMy considering the SWOCF. The achieved results show the effectiveness of modified FOCIR strategies for vector control of the faulty 3φ IMy drive.
New insight on filamentary charge‐loaded flows originated by pulsating glow‐type unipolar coronas in atmospheric air
Authors: Lattarulo Francesco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe diffusional process involving elastic collisions between charge carriers and neutrals has long been the predominant candidate for post‐injection momentum loss in the far wider drift region outside confined DC corona discharges in gases. A supplementary research paradigm is here put forward for the interest of a greater understanding of corona‐assisted unipolar ion flows in atmospheric air. In this respect, the auto‐pulsing mode of glow‐type coronas in air is modelled as a source of momentum whose conservation is substantially preserved across the external transfer region. The tangible prospect of charge‐bearing flows in the form of a filamentary convection, with negligible drifting component, in buffer gas is put forward in relation to spontaneous symmetry‐breaking instability. This setting bears some resemblance to the self‐organised collective behaviour of self‐propelled (active) particles. The value of this scheme gains strength precisely in relation to the strong inhomogeneity of the electric field surrounding electrodes prone to go into corona. On such a basis, it is believed that the drift of corona‐generated ions deserves to be reconsidered in view of the arguments set out in the present modelling.
HCS background magnetic field study HYTARO+
Authors: Arrazola D. , Blanco J. J. , Hidalgo M. A. 
Published: August 2023

Context. HYTARO+ is an analytical model developed to evaluate the influence of the solar magnetic dipole in the topology of the local structure of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS).
Aims. Statistical methods such as MVA, which are typically used in the study of the HCS come with two limitations. On one hand, they do not provide any information about the physical properties of the current sheet and, on the other, they do not offer the possibility of defining the local structure of the HCS from the physical conditions that prevail in the two sectors that separate the sheet. HYTARO model describes the interaction between the magnetic field that defines the structure of the current sheet and the plasma confined within it. HYTARO+ goes deeper into the study of the background magnetic field that is included in the HYTARO model with the aim of identifying its source.
Methods. Multipole expansion is used to provide a general approach to any physical phenomenon of some system, thereby allowing for a potential function representation. In our case, we considered the dipolar and quadrupolar Sun magnetic field contribution in the HCS.
Results. In the development of the HYTARO+ model, we estimated the components of the dipole and quadrupole magnetic fields at 1 AU. In the present study, we establish that the Z component of the dipole field and the X component of the quadrupole field are the more relevant terms of the background field present in the data that correspond to the discontinuities. A summary of the contribution of the multipolar components along the 23 solar cycle is incorporated.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip is common in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty under 50 years of age
Authors: Muddaluru Varun , Boughton Oliver , Donnelly Thomas , O’Byrne John , Cashman James , Green Connor 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) refers to congenital and/or developmental hip instability that can result in hip joint subluxation or dislocation. When detected neonatally, conservative treatment with hip bracing can restore normal hip anatomy. Missed detection of DDH in the neonatal period or late development of DDH often requires surgical intervention to correct the abnormal anatomy. Furthermore, despite surgical intervention, residual sequelae may persist leading to early osteoarthritis of the hip joint requiring joint replacement surgery. Aim: This study investigates the prevalence of hip dysplasia in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) under 50 years of age. Methods: The hip arthroplasty database at a national referral centre was investigated from January 2014 to December 2020. In patients under 50 years of age, those with an adequate pre-operative anteroposterior pelvic radiograph without previous hip arthroplasty were included, while those with inadequate radiographs were excluded. The following measurements were made on the contralateral non-operated hip: (1) lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA), (2) Tönnis angle, (3) acetabular version, (4) acetabular depth, (5) femoral head lateralisation, (6) femoral head extrusion index, and (7) acetabular depth-to-width ratio. Results: In total, 451 patients were included in this study. Twenty two percent of the patients had hip dysplasia, based on a LCEA of <25° and 42.6% of patients had hip dysplasia, based on a Tönnis angle of > 10°. The mean LCEA and Tönnis angle were 31.47 ± 9.64 and 9.82 ± 6.79°, respectively. Conclusion: Hip dysplasia is common in patients undergoing THA under the age of 50 years with over 40% having dysplasia according to the Tönnis angle. Classification of primary and secondary osteoarthritis in the joint registries will benefit our knowledge on the prevalence of DDH in the adult population.
Krebstherapien und Herzrhythmusstörungen – worauf muss ich achten?
Authors: de Wall Claudia , Berliner Dominik , Duncker David 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen onkologischer Therapien ist das Auftreten von nahezu allen bradykarden und tachykarden Herzrhythmusstörungen beschrieben. Die Arrhythmien können Auswirkungen auf die
Krebsbehandlung haben und lebensbedrohliche Ausmaße annehmen. Die Kenntnis des Nebenwirkungsprofils der eingesetzten Substanzklassen ist bedeutsam für das Monitoring der Patienten. Oftmals
werden QTc-Zeit-verlängernde Substanzen verabreicht. Eine QTc-Zeit von > 500 ms geht mit einem erhöhten Risiko für ventrikuläre Tachykardien einher und bedarf eines strukturierten
Vorgehens gemäß neuer ESC-Leitlinie. Ein Absetzen der lebenswichtigen Krebstherapie sollte der letzte Schritt sein. Die bei Vorhofflimmern etablierten Scoring-Systeme zur
Risikostratifizierung sind für Krebspatienten nicht validiert, sodass vor Einleitung einer oralen Antikoagulation eine individuelle Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung erfolgen sollte.
Riechtraining mit ätherischen Ölen nach Geruchsverlust
Authors: Thumm Anusati 
Published: August 2023

SummaryStörungen des Geruchssinns zählen zu den häufigen Begleiterscheinungen einer viralen Infektion. Aber auch mit zunehmendem Alter oder bei gewissen neurologischen Erkrankungen nimmt die Riechfähigkeit des Menschen ab. Ein gezieltes Training mit ätherischen Ölen kann helfen, die Nase zu reaktivieren und die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen deutlich zu verbessern.
Ganzheitliche Beratung bei Krebserkrankungen
Authors: Irmey György 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungKrebs ist von seinem Verlauf als chronische Erkrankung in den vergangenen Jahren besser verstanden worden. Sowohl Personen, die über lange Zeit mit Therapien und Maßnahmen sowie den resultierenden Einschränkungen leben, als auch Patientinnen und Patienten, die nach relativ kurzer Behandlung geheilt werden, profitieren von einer aktiven Haltung. Schlüsselfaktoren sind dabei die erlebte Selbstkompetenz und Selbstwirksamkeit, aus denen Patientenkompetenz wachsen kann. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung von tragender Bedeutung. Mit der Erforschung der Lebensstilfaktoren Entspannung, Ernährung und Bewegung in ihrem Einfluss auf die Krebserkrankung haben Therapeuten viele Hebel, die sie bewusst neben ihren therapeutischen Maßnahmen in die Hände ihrer Patienten geben können. Die Gesellschaft für Biologische Krebsabwehr e. V. (GfBK) berät Personen, die von einer Krebserkrankung selbst betroffen sind, und deren Angehörige und Ärzte. Anlässlich des 40. Jubiläums der Gesellschaft im vergangenen Jahr wurde eine Umfrage bei den Mitgliedern – die meisten davon Krebspatienten – wie auch bei den Berater und Ärzte durchgeführt. Die für die therapeutische Beratungspraxis wichtigsten Ergebnisse werden hier fokussiert angesprochen.
Akzeptanz und Nutzermotivation einer Digitalen Alkohol
Nachsorge App (DANA) bei Rehabilitand:innen mit
Alkoholgebrauchsstörungen
Authors: Liekefett Leander , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Bischof Gallus 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Digitale Behandlungskonzepte haben das Potenzial, die
Behandlungslücke bei Menschen mit Abhängigkeitserkrankungen zu
verringern, wenn entsprechende Angebote für die Zielgruppe als attraktiv
wahrgenommen werden. Zugleich ist die Akzeptanz und Nutzungsmotivation
entsprechender Angebote in der Zielpopulation bislang unzureichend
untersucht.
Methodik Auf Grundlage einer Literatursuche wurde Elemente
telemedizinischer und Nachsorgebausteine als Bestandteile einer fiktiven
digitale Alkohol-Nachsorge-App („DANA“) beschrieben und
konsekutiv rekrutierte Patient:innen (n=102) einer
Alkoholentwöhnungseinrichtung nach mittels standardisierter
Fragebögen zu ihrer Akzeptanz und Nutzungsmotivation der jeweiligen
Bausteine befragt. Bei 96 Patient:innen mit vollständigen bzw.
plausiblen Antworten wurden die Einflüsse von Geschlecht, Alter und
Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung auf die Nutzungsmotivation analysiert.
Ergebnisse Faktorenanalytisch konnten zwei Dimensionen identifiziert
werden, die als „Lebensstilförderung“ und
„Selbst- und Fremdkontrolle“ interpretiert werden konnten. Die
Analyse von Subgruppen ergab, dass jüngeres Alter auf beide Dimensionen
und höhere Selbstwirksamkeit auf die Dimension
„Lebensstilförderung“ einen signifikant positiven
Einfluss auf die Akzeptanz- und Nutzermotivation haben. Das Geschlecht der
Patient:innen beeinflusst nach dieser Studie die Akzeptanz und Nutzermotivation
nicht signifikant. Mehrheitlich wurde von den Patient:innen eine Kombination von
persönlicher und digitaler Nachsorge als attraktiv eingestuft.
Diskussion Digitale Nachsorgeangebote weisen bei Patient:innen mit
Alkoholabhängigkeit als Addendum zu persönlicher Nachsorge hohe
Akzeptanz auf, insbesondere bei jüngeren Zielgruppen.
Machine Learning for Decision-Support in Acute Abdominal Pain – Proof of Concept and Central Considerations
Authors: Henn Jonas , Hatterscheidt Simon , Sahu Anshupa , Buness Andreas , Dohmen Jonas , Arensmeyer Jan , Feodorovici Philipp , Sommer Nils , Schmidt Joachim , Kalff Jörg C. , Matthaei Hanno 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAcute abdominal pain is a common presenting symptom in the emergency department and represents heterogeneous causes and diagnoses. There is often a decision to be made regarding emergency
surgical care. Machine learning (ML) could be used here as a decision-support and relieve the time and personnel resource shortage.Patients with acute abdominal pain presenting to the Department of Surgery at Bonn University Hospital in 2020 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical parameters as well as
laboratory values were used as predictors. After randomly splitting into a training and test data set (ratio 80 to 20), three ML algorithms were comparatively trained and validated. The
entire procedure was repeated 20 times.A total of 1357 patients were identified and included in the analysis, with one in five (n = 276, 20.3%) requiring emergency abdominal surgery within 24 hours. Patients operated on were
more likely to be male (p = 0.026), older (p = 0.006), had more gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea: p < 0.001, vomiting p < 0.001) as well as a more recent onset of pain
(p < 0.001). Tenderness (p < 0.001) and guarding (p < 0.001) were more common in surgically treated patients and blood analyses showed increased inflammation levels (white blood
cell count: p < 0.001, CRP: p < 0.001) and onset of organ dysfunction (creatinine: p < 0.014, quick p < 0.001). Of the three trained algorithms, the tree-based methods (h2o
random forest and cforest) showed the best performance. The algorithms classified patients, i.e., predicted surgery, with a median AUC ROC of 0.81 and 0.79 and AUC PRC of 0.56 in test
sets.A proof-of-concept was achieved with the development of an ML model for predicting timely surgical therapy for acute abdomen. The ML algorithm can be a valuable tool in decision-making.
Especially in the context of heavily used medical resources, the algorithm can help to use these scarce resources more effectively. Technological progress, especially regarding artificial
intelligence, increasingly enables evidence-based approaches in surgery but requires a strictly interdisciplinary approach. In the future, the use and handling of ML should be integrated
into surgical training.
Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of Escherichia coli O1-
Derived Oligosaccharide–Protein Conjugates toward Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli O1 Vaccine Development
Authors: Toshima Kazunobu , Takahashi Daisuke , Seki Katsunori , Makikawa Takumi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli O1 (APEC O1) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry and raises concerns about zoonotic infections. The development of effective vaccines against APEC O1 is essential due to antibiotic resistance and the potential for severe symptoms in both chickens and humans. In this context, we have been focusing on the O1A, O1B, and O1C antigen structures derived from E. coli O1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, the first synthesis of the pentasaccharide repeating units of the O1B and O1C antigens was successfully achieved. The synthesis and immunological evaluation of their conjugates with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were conducted. Only the O1A-pentasaccharide structure is a glycotope candidate for APEC O1. Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)–O1A-pentasaccharide conjugate was also synthesized, and its immunogenicity was evaluated by the ELISA assay. The efficient production of antibodies capable of binding to both APEC O1 LPS and the O1A-pentasaccharide structure was observed, indicating that O1A-pentasaccharide is a promising vaccine candidate against APEC O1.
Prins Cyclization: Novel Strategy towards the Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of (–)-Cryptocaryolone
Authors: Yadav Jhillu Singh , Reddy Basi V. Subba , Biradar Dhanraj O. , Mane Yogesh D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA highly diastereoselective total synthesis of TBDPS-protected (–)-cryptocaryolone has been achieved in 12 linear steps with an overall yield of 7.1%, following a recently developed Prins cyclization strategy for the construction of trans-2,6-disubstituted 3,4-dihydropyrans. Another key intermediate, i.e. syn-1,3-diol, was prepared by the Wacker oxidation followed by a hydroxyl-directed syn-reduction of the keto functionality. In this report, the versatility of Prins cyclization in the total synthesis of TBDPS-protected (–)-cryptocaryolone is demonstrated. The key steps involved in the approach are Prins cyclization for the construction of the trans-2,6-disubstituted dihydropyran, Wacker oxidation and a hydroxyl-directed syn-reduction reaction.
Local Methotrexate Plus Uterine Artery Embolization for High-Risk Interstitial Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Mikhitarian Mark , Goodnight III William , Keefe Nicole 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterstitial ectopic pregnancy involves the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube and is among the most hazardous of all ectopic pregnancies, with the highest risk of uterine rupture and maternal mortality. Unlike tubal ectopic pregnancy, management of interstitial pregnancy is not well standardized. Systemic methotrexate (MTX) and surgical resection are the primary treatment options; however, failure rates and risk of bleeding remain high. Alternative minimally invasive techniques have been described—including uterine artery embolization (UAE) and local injection of MTX or potassium chloride—and may confer improved success rates. We report a case of a high-risk 28-year-old female with an interstitial ectopic pregnancy successfully treated with combined local injection of MTX plus UAE. We describe our technique and the unique medical management in the setting of a known bleeding disorder.
Placenta Accreta Spectrum: The Role of Interventional Radiology in Multidisciplinary Management
Authors: Sanders Troy K. , Stewart Jessica K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlacenta accreta spectrum is increasing in prevalence and poses significant risks to obstetric patients. This article defines characteristics, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of placenta accreta spectrum, highlighting interventional radiology's role in its management as part of a multidisciplinary approach.
Antiplatelet Therapy in Neurointervention
Authors: Ma Alice , Detaram Harshil Dharamdasani , Steinfort Brendan , Harrington Tim , Nguyen Thanh N. , Abdalkader Mohamad , Siopis George , Bath Philip M. , Dhillon Permesh Singh , Podlasek Anna , Qureshi Adnan I. , Qiu Zhongming , Krishnan Kailash 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this review is to provide an overview of the use of antiplatelet medication in neurointervention, with a focus on the clinical indications for antiplatelet use in both preventing and reducing platelet aggregation. This review will cover current antiplatelet medications, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. We will provide an overview of different endovascular devices and discuss the antiplatelet regimes in neurointervention, highlighting gaps in evidence and scope for future studies.Two randomized controlled trials have evaluated antiplatelet use in the setting of acute large vessel occlusion stroke, with neither demonstrating benefit in their overall cohorts. Evidence on antiplatelet medication for both acute and elective stenting for acute stroke and treatment of cerebral aneurysms is currently based on large case series, and practice in neurointervention has increasingly utilized dual antiplatelet regimes with clopidogrel and second-line agents like prasugrel and ticagrelor. Clopidogrel function testing has an increasing role in neurointerventional procedures, particularly for high metal surface area stents such as the braided flow diverter type stents. Intravenous glycoprotein IIB/IIIA inhibitors have been utilized for both acute bridging and rescue therapy.Antiplatelet decision making is complex, and there are few randomized control trials to guide clinical practice. Comparative trials to guide decision making remain important in both the acute and elective settings. Standardised protocols incorporating platelet function testing may play a role in assisting decision making until more robust clinical evidence is available, particularly in the context of acute neurointerventional stenting for stroke and ruptured cerebral aneurysms.
Trust premium in the second-hand housing market: evidence from the negotiation rate
Authors: Zhang Fang , Zhang Hang , Zhang Yun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTrust is an important social capital and informal institution that influences transaction behaviors, especially in the second-hand housing market of China. This study analyzes the second-hand housing transactions of 17 cities and matches the birthplaces of these traders with CESS2000 to measure the degree of trust in each transaction. Then we use the combined dataset to examine the impact of the degree of trust on the bargaining power during the negotiation process. The empirical results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between the degree of trust and negotiation rate, and buyers are more likely to capture trust premium. Moreover, “youth capital” emphasizes the role of trust in price bargaining during the second-hand housing transactions. Local advantage has a substitution effect on trust, which means it is an alternative explanation of trust affecting price bargaining during the second-hand housing transactions. Furthermore, the impact of trust varies by gender with male traders being more affected than female traders. All in all, this study provides practical implications of trust premium in housing transactions, and policy implications of establishing a social credit system. Governments can reduce transaction friction and transaction costs by establishing an appropriate formal institution, such as a personal credit database. As research on trust premium affecting micro-behaviors in the housing market is scarce, this study aims to fill this gap.
A historical perspective on informal institutional and international entrepreneurship
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Liu Linlin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a historical perspective is taken to investigate the variations in institutional and international entrepreneurship that occur throughout Africa. Drawing on the institutional theory of international entrepreneurship, we introduce ethnic fractionalization as an informal institution that influences new venture internationalization in African countries. Further, we identify the historical traumatic shock exerted by the epidemic disease spread by tsetse flies as the driver of the relationship between ethnic fractionalization and new venture internationalization. Based on a sample of 33,621 firm-year observations covering 40 African countries, Our empirical findings provide important insights into international entrepreneurship in Africa and offers a theoretical extension into the historical origins of informal institutions.
Modeling and tests of nested transmission lines for current adding on a four-stage linear transformer driver
Authors: He Xu , Jiang Xiaofeng , Sun Fengju , Wang Zhiguo , Jiang Hongyu , Qiu Aici 
Published: August 2023

Linear transformer driver (LTD) technology allows a pulsed-power generator to be transportable due to its salient features in compactness and modular design. To further reduce the footprint of an MA-class pulsed-power generator, nested transmission lines were designed and tested for current adding in a four-stage gas-insulated LTD module. The current adder assembly contained two modules that were charged in opposite polarities. Each module held two LTD cavities that shared a common electrode of the nested transmission line with deionized water insulation. Post-hole convolutes were installed for the aggregation of the output current of different modules. More specifically, numerical simulations were conducted to calculate the nested line inductance, which revealed that the total system inductance was ∼10 nH in the nested geometry. Experimentally, testing on the four-stage LTD prototype showed that the LTD module can deliver a 1.2 MA current peak with a rise time of 140 ns to a short circuit load under the charging voltage of ±50 kV, which validated the applicability of using nested lines for current adding in an MA-class LTD module.