bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving From Adverse Childhood Experiences to Celebrating Supportive Nurturing Relationships
Authors: Chelemedos Kasey 
Published: September 2023

The editors of the Section on Pediatric Trainees feature in Pediatrics are deeply pleased to share the winning submission from the feature’s seventh annual essay competition. This year’s competition was informed by the 2022–2023 Section on Pediatric Trainees Advocacy Campaign: “Races against ACEs,” which encouraged trainees to understand, witness, and act upon the role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in pediatric medicine, and youth welfare more broadly. In the essay competition, we asked writers to reflect not only on the effects of ACEs on the well-being of young people, but also on how pediatricians can address these issues in venues ranging from patient encounters to training programs to public policy. We were impressed by, and grateful for, the thoughtfulness and vulnerability of trainees in sharing their experiences related to this critically important topic.
This winning essay, by Dr Chelemedos, weaves the author’s lived experiences with childhood trauma alongside clinical experiences caring for patients facing similar, though distinct, challenges. In doing so, Chelemedos’ work sheds light on the ubiquity, and long-term impacts, of ACEs across the life span in a deeply human way; simultaneously, it exemplifies the critical role physicians play in combatting social malaise, one full set of swings at a time.
The runner-up essay, by Dr Alessandra Angelino, will appear in next month’s issue.
Gender disparities and potentials in STEM approach in Jordan and Saudi Arabia – An analytical literature review
Authors: Alghneimin Jehan , Varga Attila , Kovacs Monika 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the integrated approach of STEM disciplines (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) has been adopted in the Middle East to improve students' scientific capacities and their formative thinking. Nevertheless, this approach encounters complications in the application, including many due to gender differences. Middle Eastern women's life and education is affected by conservative constraints and social norms where gender stereotypes and culture impact shared views about specific domains. Research regarding gender has frequently emphasized gender imbalance in virtually all STEM study fields and professions. This study explores STEM education's conceptual framework in Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Likewise, it provides an overview of STEM teachers' practices and their gender perspectives in the classrooms. We investigate the implementations and gender differences in STEM education by scrutinizing relevant literature and studies in the selected countries. The conclusions indicate a shortage of teachers' knowledge in applying STEM education in classrooms and a need for more development programs that qualify teachers for STEM education applications. In addition, the results show that gender disparities are promoted by the education system and teachers who teach STEM subjects in schools because social norms and gender stereotypes influence them.
Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of nursing students toward evidence-based nursing
Authors: Kirmaci Neslihan Duman , Koç Zeliha 
Published: September 2023

This descriptive and cross-sectional study aims to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of nursing students toward evidence-based nursing. The study was carried out between March 1 and March 15, 2023, with the participation of 196 students who were studying in the nursing department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a university and volunteered to participate. The data were collected by using the questionnaire form prepared by the researchers in line with the literature and the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Students in Evidence-Based Nursing Scale. Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median and frequency (percent) values, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Walli’s test, and Spearman correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data. In this study, it was determined that the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of nursing students toward evidence-based nursing were not at the desired level. In line with the findings, it is recommended that evidence-based nursing should be included more in the nursing education curriculum.
Keywords: Attitude; behavior; evidence; knowledge; nursing; student.
Effectiveness of care bundle approach on neuropathic pain and knowledge on home safety measures
Authors: Kumaresan Kavitha 
Published: September 2023

The experience of pain in cancer is widely accepted as a major threat to the quality of life, and the relief of pain has emerged as a priority in oncology care. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the care bundle approach on neuropathic pain and the knowledge of home safety measures using chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. A true experimental repeated measure design was used for this study. One hundred and twenty cancer patients receiving cancer chemotherapy were selected in this study. In the present study, health teaching was given on home safety measures by handout presentation among patients receiving chemotherapy drugs. The neuropathic pain in the pre-test and post-test in control and experimental groups were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney rank sum test. It is the responsibility of the oncology nurse to develop a plan of care to manage the symptoms of Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, keep the patient safe, and allow them to continue cancer treatment.
Keywords: Care bundle; cancer; chemotherapy; neuropathic pain.
Agronomic and socio-economic options for rubber intercropping in Sri Lanka: a forward analysis in the Moneragala and Ampara regions
Authors: PENOT Eric , LE GUEN Adeline , CHEVREUX Alys , GALLIER Chloé , ELLIS Hugo , LAVILLE Johanna , GUILLONNET Laura , SCHIRMER Louise , FENECH Paul , SCHOEPFER Swanny , DURAND Claire 
Published: September 2023

Natural rubber is considered a strategic material for the development of Sri Lanka by the Ministry for Plantations. In response to climate change, the country has adopted a policy focusing on resilience and sustainable development. It is in this context that Ksapa initiated the RIVER project in 2022, aiming to develop a program to strengthen agricultural capacity in Sri Lanka. To carry out this project, the company commissioned YAPI Expertise to provide agroforestry intercropping models based on rubber trees with good agronomic performance and economically of interest to producers to diversify their sources of income. The RIVER project is implemented in two districts in south-eastern Sri Lanka: Moneragala and Ampara. This study began with an analysis of the literature in order to select crops that could be intercropped with rubber. In parallel, 80 interviews, prepared by YAPI Expertise, were conducted in the field by a local organisation, LOAM. The aim of these interviews was to identify rubber intercrop models already implemented in the study areas and to understand the reasons why farmers adopted these models. The interviews were analysed statistically by MCA and Chi². By combining these with the literature review, the study established 5 models (Pineapple model, Cocoa model, Banana model, Passion fruit model, Soursop model) for several intercrops that could be planted with rubber, with potential for adoption by local farmers. Finally, selection criteria were established for each model. Both their strong and weak points are presented, since an effective model cannot rely on agronomic analysis alone and it will be essential to adapt the choice of crops to the local market and to farmers' needs.
Multiproxy provenance analyses in the Devonian Villavicencio Formation of the Mendoza Precordillera, Argentina: correlation and geotectonic implications for the SW Gondwana margin
Authors: WENGER FEDERICO D. , ARNOL JONATAN A. , URIZ NORBERTO J. , CINGOLANI CARLOS A. , ABRE PAULINA , BASEI MIGUEL A.S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work focuses on the sedimentary provenance of the Villavicencio Formation of the Mendoza Precordillera and integrates the information obtained with previous work on other coeval units of the Precordillera Central of San Juan province (Gualilán Group: Talacasto and Punta Negra formations) in western Argentina. Multiproxy provenance analyses are carried out from different applied methodologies (petrography, geochemistry, morphological, and cathodoluminescence studies of detrital zircon grains, and analysis of U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes). The Villavicencio Formation is mostly composed of pelites and very fine-grained psammites. The major components are quartz, both monocrystalline and polycrystalline, and metamorphic lithics that associate this unit with a recycled orogen. Regarding geochemistry, the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values are similar to the Post-Archean Australian Shales (PAAS), indicating a null to incipient degree of weathering. The ratios between different trace elements and rare earth elements (REEs) suggest the felsic composition of the source area. Th/U ratios differ, but a secondary uranium enrichment is inferred. The morphological analysis of the zircon grains reveals their mainly plutonic origin. The integration of U-Pb data with Lu-Hf data shows a juvenile-mantle origin in which the populations are dominantly Mesoproterozoic and ɛHf of positive values (up to 12), indicating poor differentiation. The Villavicencio Formation would be the product of deltaic deposits in which its components are dominantly from the Western Pampean Sierras associated with the Grenville orogen, assuming exhumation and erosion of the Mesoproterozoic basement. The data support the hypothesis of equivalence and correlation with the Punta Negra Formation in the Devonian depocenters of the south-central region of the San Juan Precordillera.
Modeling Gut Neuro-Epithelial Connections in a Novel Microfluidic Device
Authors: De Hoyos Manolo , Yu Xi , Gonzalez-Suarez Alan , Mercado-Perez Arnaldo , Krueger Eugene , Hernandez Jeric , Druliner Brooke , Linden David R. , Beyder Arthur , Chen Sisi , Fedyshyn Yaroslav , Revzin Alexander 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Organs that face external environments, such as skin and gut, are lined by epithelia, which have two functions – to provide a semi-permeable barrier and to sense stimuli. The intestinal lumen is filled with diverse chemical and physical stimuli. Intestinal epithelial cells sense these stimuli and signal to enteric neurons which coordinate a range of physiologic processes required for normal digestive tract function. Yet, the neuro-epithelial connections between intestinal epithelial cells and enteric neurons remain poorly resolved, which leaves us with limited mechanistic understanding of their function. We describe the development of a two-compartment microfluidic device for modeling neuro-epithelial interactions, and apply it to form the gut’s neuro-epithelial connections. The device contains epithelial and neuronal compartments connected by microgrooves. The epithelial compartment was designed for cell seeding via injection and confinement of intestinal epithelial cells derived from human intestinal organoids. We demonstrated that organoids planarized effectively and retained epithelial phenotype for over a week. In the second chamber we dissociated and cultured intestinal myenteric neurons including intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs) from transgenic mice that expressed the fluorescent protein tdTomato. IPANs extended projections into microgrooves, surrounded and frequently made contacts with epithelial cells. The density and directionality of neuronal projections were enhanced by the presence of epithelial cells in the adjacent compartment. Our microfluidic device represents a platform for dissecting structure and function of neuro-epithelial connections in the gut and other organs (skin, lung, bladder, and others) in health and disease.
Comparing Flipped Classroom with Traditional Instruction for Post-Partum Intra-Uterine Device Training Among Medical Students in a Ugandan Public University: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Pebolo Pebalo Francis , Bongomin Felix , Awor Sylvia , Arwinyo Baifa , Ojara Sande , Opee Jimmyy , Jackline Ayikoru , Okot Jerom , Ssenuni Eric , Ouma Simple , Nakimuli Annettee 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Available evidence suggests that traditional method of instructions might not be the best for skill development and advanced knowledge acquisition due to their non-interactive nature if compared to flipped classroom (FC). Yet, it remains unclear whether a FC using audio-visual aids outperforms traditional teaching methods for medical students in low-resource settings. Our study aimed to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of the FC in teaching postpartum intrauterine device (PPIUD) knowledge and insertion skills to undergraduate medical students in clinical rotations.
Methods
A two-arm, quasi-experimental design was used. The FC group underwent a pre-recorded lecture and video on PPIUD insertion, followed by interactive sessions and procedural practice. The traditional group received an hour-long lecture and onsite skills demonstration, followed by skill practice. Paired t tests were used to determine knowledge and skills acquisition in each group and independent samples t tests was be used to compare groups. Stata version 17 and GraphPad Prism version 9 were used for analysis.
Results
A total of 67 students were included in the final analysis, 37 in the traditional group and 30 in the FC group. There was a significant improvement in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores in both groups p < 0.001. The mean post-test score was higher for FC compared to the traditional teaching methods group although, it was not statistically significant (p = 0.069). Certain categories of students performed better with FC, especially those who failed pre-tests p = 0.021), in bachelor or of medicine and bachelor of surgery (MBChB) year 3 class (p = 0.011), students who joined the university directly from advanced level certificate (p = 0.018) and aged younger than 25 years (p = 0.002). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean procedure performance score between the intervention and the traditional teaching methods (p = 0.634).
Conclusion
The FC had shown a positive impact on the knowledge and skills of medical students indicating its role in reproductive health training in resource-limited settings. Additionally, future studies could investigate how FC can combined with other teaching methods to create a blended learning approach that maximizes the benefits and enhanced learning.
MiR-1434 Regulates Abdominal Preadipocytes Differentiation and Adipogenesis by Targeting IGFBP2 in Chickens
Authors: Yang Xueqin , Yang Zhuliang , Sun Tiantian , Xiao Cong , Zeng Linghu , Zou Leqin , Li Shuxia , Zhang Zhen , Liao Qianhui , Chai Ruitang , Yang Xiurong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
High-intensity selection has dramatically increased growth rate and daily weight gain in broilers, but the accompanying problem is the excessive deposition of abdominal fat. According to our previous transcriptome analysis, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and miR-1434 were identified as involved in abdominal fat. In this study, we further investigated their function in the proliferation and differentiation of chicken preadipocytes. The results indicated that overexpression of IGFBP2 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes, while interference of IGFBP2 inhibited cell proliferation and lipogenic differentiation. The regulatory effect of miR-1434 on the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes was opposite to that of IGFBP2. Dual-luciferase reporter assay proved that miR-1434 directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of IGFBP2. As expected, the miR-1434 mimics eliminated the impact of the overexpression vector of IGFBP2 on preadipocytes. In brief, we revealed that miR-1434 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes by blocking IGFBP2expression, thus impacting deposition in broilers. These findings may provide a novel target for improving chicken meat quality.
Macrophage Infiltration in 3D Cancer Spheroids to Recapitulate the TME and Unveil Interactions within Cancer Cells and Macrophages to Modulate Chemotherapeutic drug efficacy
Authors: Singh Khushwant , Gautam Pramod K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Recapitulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vitro remains a major hurdle in cancer research. In recent years, there have been significant strides in this area, particularly with the emergence of 3D spheroids as a model system for drug screening and therapeutics development for solid tumors. However, incorporating macrophages into these spheroid cultures poses specific challenges due to the intricate interactions between macrophages and cancer cells.
Methods: To address this issue, in this study, we established a reproducible healthy multicellular 3D spheroid culture with macrophage infiltrates in order to mimic the TME and modulate the drug’s efficacy on cancer cells in the presence of macrophages.A 3D spheroid was established using the human cancer cell lines CAL33 and THP1 cell derived M0 macrophage were used as a source of macrophages. Cellular parameters including tumour metabolism, health, and mitochondrial mass were analysed in order to establish ideal conditions. To modulate the interaction of cancer cells with macrophage the ROS, NO2, and H2O2 levels, in addition to M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypic markers, were analyzed. To understand the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages for ECM degradation, HSP70, HIF1α and cysteine proteases were examined in spheroids using western blotting.
Results: The spheroids with macrophage infiltrates exhibited key features of solid tumors, including cellular heterogeneity, metabolic changes, nutrient gradients, ROS emission, and the interplay between HIF1α and HSP70 for upregulation of ECM degradation enzymes. Our results demonstrate that tumor cells exhibit a metabolic shift in the presence of macrophages. Additionally, we have observed a shift in the polarity of M0 macrophages towards tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in response to cancer cells in spheroids. Results also demonstrate the involvement of macrophages in regulating HIF-1α, HSP70, and ECM degradation cysteine proteases enzymes.
Conclusions: This study has significant implications for cancer therapy as it sheds light on the intricate interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding macrophages. Additionally, our 3D spheroid model can aid in drug screening and enhance the predictive accuracy of preclinical studies. The strength of our study lies in the comprehensive characterization of the multicellular 3D spheroid model, which closely mimics the TME.
Ultra-fast photochemistry in the strong light-matter coupling regime
Authors: Groenhof Gerrit , Toppari Jari , Morozov Dmitry , Dutta Arpan , Tiainen Ville , Duarte Luis , Markesevic Nemanja Nemanja , Quresh Hassan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Strong coupling between molecules and confined light modes of optical cavities to form polaritons can alter photochemistry, but the origin of this effect remains largely unknown. While theoretical models suggest a suppression of photochemistry due to the formation of new polaritonic potential energy surfaces, many of these models do not account for the energetic disorder among the molecules, which is unavoidable at ambient conditions. Here, we combine experiments and simulations to show that for an ultra-fast photochemical reaction such thermal disorder prevents the modification of the potential energy surface and that suppression is due to radiative decay of the lossy cavity modes. We demonstrate that by increasing the coupling strength we can reduce such losses and enhance reactivity of the strongly coupled system, in contrast to the theoretical paradigm, which would predict stronger suppression. We also show that the excitation spectrum under strong coupling is a product of the excitation spectrum of the "bare" molecules and the absorption spectrum of the molecule-cavity system, suggesting that polaritons can act as gateways for channeling an excitation into a molecule, which then reacts "normally". Our results therefore imply that strong coupling provides a means to tune the action spectrum of a molecule, rather than to change the reaction.
FairMobi-Net: A Fairness-Aware Deep Learning Model for Urban Mobility Flow Generation
Authors: LIU Zhewei , Huang Lipai , Fan Chao , Mostafavi Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Generating realistic human flows across regions is essential for our understanding of urban structures and population activity patterns, enabling important applications in the fields of urban planning and management. However, a notable shortcoming of most existing mobility generation methodologies is neglect of prediction fairness, which can result in underestimation of mobility flows across regions with vulnerable population groups, potentially resulting in inequitable resource distribution and infrastructure development. To overcome this limitation, our study presents a novel, fairness-aware deep learning model, FairMobi-Net, for inter-region human flow prediction. The FairMobi-Net model uniquely incorporates fairness loss into the loss function and employs a hybrid approach, merging binary classification and numerical regression techniques for human flow prediction. We validate the FairMobi-Net model using comprehensive human mobility datasets from four U.S. cities, predicting human flow at the census-tract level. Our findings reveal that the FairMobi-Net model outperforms state-of-the-art models (such as the DeepGravity model) in producing more accurate and equitable human flow predictions across a variety of region pairs, regardless of regional income differences. The model maintains a high degree of accuracy consistently across diverse regions, addressing the previous fairness concern. Further analysis of feature importance elucidates the impact of physical distances and road network structures on human flows across regions. With fairness as its touchstone, the model and results provide researchers and practitioners across the fields of urban sciences, transportation engineering, and computing with an effective tool for accurate generation of human mobility flows across regions.