bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of hybridizing fillers on mechanical properties of foam composite panel
Authors: Ajayi Ayodele Abraham , Turup Pandurangan Mohan , Kanny Krishnan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFoam composite panels made from hybrid fillers are materials developed to have low density with high mechanical properties. This work focuses on improving the mechanical properties of epoxy‐based foam composite panels with hybridized fillers by combining hollow glass microspheres (HGM) and nanoclay. The HGM content was varied from 1 wt.% to 3 wt.% in foam composites panel, while nanoclay content was varied from 1 wt.% to 5 wt.% in each of the HGM‐filled series of foam composites panel, these foam composite panels were fabricated using a conventional resin casting method. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength, hardness, flexural strength of the prepared hybrid‐filled foam composite panels were determined and compared with the neat epoxy. It was found that the hybrid‐filled foam composite panels exhibited improved mechanical properties than the neat epoxy. These improved properties were because of excellent interfacial adhesion between the hybrid fillers and the matrix. The improved mechanical properties could suggest that this material may be suitable for application in industries where lightweight materials with good mechanical properties are required. This study showed a new area of synthetic foam development research by enhancing mechanical properties using hybrid‐filled.
Offshore floating photovoltaics system assessment in worldwide perspective
Authors: Golroodbari S. Zahra , Ayyad Abdulhadi W.A. , van Sark Wilfried 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFloating solar photovoltaics (FPV), whether placed on freshwater bodies such as lakes or on the open seas, are an attractive solution for the deployment of photovoltaic (PV) panels that avoid competition for land with other uses, including other forms of renewable energy generation. While the vast majority of FPV deployments have been on freshwater bodies, in this paper, we chose to focus on offshore FPV, a mode of deployment that may be particularly attractive to nations where the landmass is constricted, such as is the case in small islands. There is a wide perception that seawater cooling is the main reason for the enhanced performance of offshore FPV panels. In this paper, a worldwide assessment is made to validate this perception. To this end, a technology‐specific heat transfer model is used to calculate PV system performance for a data set of 20 locations consisting of one system located on land and another one offshore. The analysis assumes that the floating offshore panels are placed on metal pontoons and that all panels are based on monocrystalline silicon technology. Our analysis shows that the energy yield difference, between land‐based and offshore systems, for the time period of 2008 and 2018, varies between 20% and −4% showing that offshore FPV yield advantages are site‐specific. In addition, the effect of other environmental factors, namely, irradiation level difference, ambient temperature, wind speed, precipitation, and sea surface temperature, is studied in this paper, which leads to the formulation of two different regression models. These can be used as a first step in predicting yield advantages for other locations.
Portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: An updated overview
Authors: Wu Zhinian , Xiao Ying , Wang Yadong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPortal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a frequent and severe complication in patients with cirrhosis; however, the pathophysiology of PVT needs to be better clarified. There are few significant predictive factors in clinical practice, and the impact of PVT on cirrhosis progression and its complications, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome, remains uncertain. In recent years, the understanding of the mechanisms of PVT has become more profound with the publication of related literature. Therefore, in this review, we aim to summarize the advanced progress in the epidemiology, hazards, risk factors, diagnosis and classification, and treatment of PVT to provide insight into clinical management.
Passivity‐based control design frameworks for hybrid nonlinear time‐varying dynamical systems
Authors: Sharifi Esmaeil , Damaren Christopher J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article proposes two novel passivity‐based control design frameworks for hybrid nonlinear dynamical systems involving an interacting mixture of continuous‐time and discrete‐time dynamics whose dynamical properties evolve periodically over time. By deriving the Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov (KYP) conditions characterizing dissipativeness for hybrid nonlinear time‐dependent dynamical systems, a hybrid computational algorithm, which alternates between continuous‐time and discrete‐time subsystems at an appropriate sequence of time instants, is then proposed to solve the resultant equations in an interacting manner. Two passivity‐based control schemes are then developed by utilizing the foregoing KYP conditions in tandem with the passivity theorem. The overall framework consists mainly of three steps. The hybrid output dynamics of the plant are first determined judiciously to satisfy the passivity specifications. A hybrid nonlinear controller is then designed to meet the input strict passivity requirements. The stability of the closed‐loop system is finally established by interconnecting the plant and the controller through negative feedback. Practical considerations for appropriately implementing the derived hybrid algorithms are then discussed in detail. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is ultimately assessed via a multi‐dimensional system with a hybrid source of actuation.
Predictor‐based switching control for networked systems
Authors: Cui Yanliang , Xu Lanlan 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis paper concerns a networked predictive control (NPC) for linear systems with data time‐varying delays, packet losses and disordering. By utilizing the received time‐delayed state measurement and control input, a predictive algorithm is firstly proposed for approximating the future state prediction. Afterwards, a probability dependent switching control law is proposed. Although the large data transmission delays emerge in the forward and backward channels, the packet disordering in the backward channel can be naturally excluded thus the actuator always receives valid control command during each sampling period with correct time sequence. The proposed NPC not only guarantees the global uniform exponential stability of the overall networked system but also brings merits in tolerating locally unstable sub‐systems. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and improvements of the proposed method.
Influence of screw blades on the performance of a screw‐drive granary robot
Authors: Jin Hangjia , Lu Yanhui , Wu Wenfu , Han Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA granary robot with screw‐drive mechanisms can perfectly adapt to a loose grain terrain. The design of the helical wheels is significant for the driving performance of this robot. Because this robot moves due to the action of the blade on the grain, the parameters of the helical blade are especially important among all factors. Therefore, to determine the effect of blades on the performance of a screw‐drive granary robot, a screw robot–corn coupling model is established based on the coupling of the discrete element method and multibody dynamics. The model can analyze the interaction of the screw wheel with the grain particles. Then a robot with two helical wheels is designed, manufactured, and tested to verify the accuracy of the coupling model. The cosimulation created with this model has good accuracy compared with the experiment, and the mean relative errors of sinkage, velocity, and slip ratio are 3.43%, 1.21%, and 13.87%, respectively. Finally, the effects of the height, axial length, helix angle, and number of screw blades on the driving performance of the robot are studied with single‐factor simulations. The trends of the torque, slip, and drawbar efficiency varying with these parameters of the screw blade are obtained, which can provide critical insights for the preliminary design of a screwed granary robot.
Different people, different pathways: Human capital redeployment in multi‐business firms
Authors: Sabel Christopher Albert , Sasson Amir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryMulti‐business firms redeploy human capital to strengthen individual business units. However, we know little about the antecedents of such redeployments and their effects on unit outcomes. Contributing to the resource redeployment and strategic human capital literatures, we test the relationships between parent–unit industry relatedness, the direction of redeployment (parent‐to‐unit and unit‐to‐parent), the type of human capital, the likelihood of redeployment, and post‐redeployment unit closure. Using Norwegian population‐level microdata of spinouts, we find that parent–unit industry relatedness increases the likelihood of human capital redeployment and that this effect is stronger for generalists than for specialists. Further, we find that parent‐to‐unit and unit‐to‐parent redeployment of generalists and specialists have distinct effects on unit closure, largely because of differences in post‐redeployment unit performance.Managerial SummaryFirms with multiple business units often transfer employees between units to strengthen them. However, we do not know which employees are more likely to be sent and which employees, if any, affect the receiving unit's survival and performance. Analyzing over 9000 spinouts in Norway between 2004 and 2015, we find that employees are more likely to be sent when the parent and the unit are in related industries. We further show that employees with specialized professional knowledge are sent regardless of relatedness, while generalists are sent when industries are related. Regarding post‐transfer unit survival, we find that parent‐to‐unit and unit‐to‐parent redeployment of generalists and specialists have distinct effects on survival, largely because of differences in the impact on post‐transfer unit performance.
Precise Pore Engineering of fcu‐Type Y‐MOFs for One‐Step C2H4 Purification from Ternary C2H6/C2H4/C2H2 Mixtures
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Zhou Kang , Ullah Saif , Miao Jiafeng , Wang Hao , Thonhauser Timo , Li Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purification of C2H4 from C2H6/C2H4/C2H2 mixtures is of great significance in the chemical industry for C2H4 production but remains a daunting task. Guided by powerful reticular chemistry principles, herein a systematic study is carried out to engineer pore dimensions and pore functionality of fcu‐type Y‐based metal–organic frameworks (Y‐MOFs) through the construction of a series of eight new structures using linear dicarboxylate linkers with different length and functional groups. This study illustrates how delicate changes in pore size and pore surface chemistry can effectively influence the adsorption preference of C2H6, C2H4, and C2H2 by the MOFs. Importantly, clear relations between pore size/pore surface polarity and C2 adsorption selectivities of this series of MOFs are established. In particular, HIAM‐326 built on a linker decorated with trifluoromethoxy group shows notably preferential adsorption of C2H6 and C2H2 over C2H4, with balanced C2H2/C2H4 and C2H6/C2H4 selectivities. This endows the compound with the capability of one‐step purification of C2H4 from C2H6/C2H4/C2H2 ternary mixtures, which is validated by breakthrough measurements where high purity C2H4 (99.9%+) can be obtained directly from the separation column. Its adsorption thermodynamics and underlying selective adsorption mechanisms are further revealed by ab initio calculations.
Theoretical Insights into the Solubility Polarity Switch of Metal–Organic Nanoclusters for Nanoscale Patterning
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Vockenhuber Michaela , Cui Hao , Wang Xiaolin , Tao Peipei , Hu Ziyu , Zhao Jun , Wang Jianlong , Ekinci Yasin , Xu Hong , He Xiangming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetal–organic nanoclusters(MOCs) are being increasingly used as prospective photoresist candidates for advanced nanoscale lithography technologies. However, insight into the irradiation‐induced solubility switching process remains unclear. Hereby, the theoretical study employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the alkene‐containing zirconium oxide MOC photoresists is reported, which is rationally synthesized accordingly, to disclose the mechanism of the nanoscale patterning driven by the switch of solubility from the acid‐catalyzed or electron‐triggered ligand dissociation. By evaluating the dependence of MOCs’ imaging process on photoacid, lithographies of photoresists with and without photoacid generators after exposure to ultraviolet (UV), electron beam, and soft X‐ray, it is revealed that photoacid is essential in UV lithography, but it demonstrates little effect on exposure dose in high‐energy lithography. Furthermore, theoretical studies using DFT simulations to investigate the plausible photoacid‐catalyzed, electron‐triggered dissociation, and accompanying radical reaction are performed, and a mechanism is demonstrated that the nanoscale patterning of this type of MOCs is driven by the solubility switch resulting from dissociation‐induced strong electrostatic interaction and low‐energy barrier radical polymerization with other species. This study can give insights into the chemical mechanisms of patterning, and guide the rational design of photoresists to realize high resolution and high sensitivity.
Experimental investigation on the seismic performance of prefabricated fiber‐reinforced concrete beam‐column joints using grouted sleeve connections
Authors: Sun Chuanzhi , Zhuang Mei‐Ling , Wang Zhenbo , Chen Baodong , Gao Li , Qiao Yan , Zhu Hanbo , Zhang Weihua , Yang Jun , Yu Changrong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo improve the seismic performance of prefabricated reinforced conventional concrete (PRC) beam‐column joints, fiber‐reinforced concrete (FRC) was used instead of concrete in the core zone of the joint in this article. The optimum volume contents of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and steel fibers were first determined to be 0.3% and 1%, respectively, through the material properties tests. Then, four PRC beam‐column joint specimens using grouted sleeve connections and one cast‐in‐place reinforced concrete beam‐column joint specimen were designed considering the factors of PVA fibers, steel fibers, with or without stirrups. The test phenomena and failure mode of the five specimens under low‐cycle cyclic loads were obtained. Finally, the effects of PVA fibers, steel fibers, with or without stirrups on the seismic performance of specimens were analyzed and discussed. The test phenomena indicated that the failure mode of specimens was anchorage damage of steel bars. The prefabricated FRC specimens showed relatively little damage in the core zone of the joint. FRC had a significant improvement on the seismic performance of prefabricated beam‐column joints. The use of FRC in the core zone of the joint can reduce or even eliminate the use of stirrups.
2022 Notable Books for a Global Society Research Award Winner: Heroes among us: Refugees and Immigrants inAward‐WinningChildren's Literature
Authors: Lacina Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this column, we invited the ILA Children's Literature and Reading Special Interest Group (CLR SIG)'s 2022 NBGS Research Award Winner, Jan Lacina, to share some of the work she conducted with the NBGS award‐winning books.
Surgical technique and complications associated with laparoscopic pleuroperitoneal diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy in a dog
Authors: Devereux Emma A. , Scharf Valery F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old, neutered, male French bulldog was referred for surgical repair of an incidentally diagnosed pleuroperitoneal diaphragmatic hernia. Thoracic computed tomography revealed a left centroventral diaphragmatic hernia with a large volume of left‐sided intrathoracic fat. A minimally invasive laparoscopic approach was elected. A portion of the intrathoracic fat was laparoscopically reduced. Adhesions and friability of the herniated fat prevented further reduction, and the remaining fat was transected using a vessel‐sealing device to enable herniorrhaphy via intracorporeal suturing. Immediate postoperative computed tomography performed under general anaesthesia confirmed an intact diaphragm with a large volume of persistent left‐sided intrathoracic fat. The patient was immediately returned to the operating room and a keyhole left lateral thoracotomy performed to remove the remaining herniated fat. The patient recovered from surgery and anaesthesia uneventfully. There were no short‐ or long‐term postoperative complications of herniorrhaphy.
It Turned into a Bioblitz: Urban Data Collection for Building Scientific Literacy and Environmental Connection
Authors: O’Donnell Kelly L. , Brundage Lisa A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn 2013, Macaulay Honors College redesigned its required science curriculum to focus on scientific literacy skills rather than content. Central to this shift was inclusion of a data collection event, a BioBlitz, to provide students with the basis for their own semester-long research projects. Students are teamed with naturalists in an urban green space to find as many species as they can in 24 h and to contribute to a global biodiversity database via the app iNaturalist. We have learned two important lessons: (1) developing an interdisciplinary curriculum with a high degree of experiential learning is more successful when both STEM and non-STEM educators are involved and (2) students in a general education course can be involved in authentic scientific research even if their classroom has no time or space for a laboratory. Through our required science course, Science Forward, and its BioBlitz, students get broad exposure to science as a way of knowing, rooted in lived experience and the world around them. Students make connections to each other and to the city that serves as their laboratory. Macaulay considers scientific literacy, access to scientific information, and connection to one’s own environment pillars of an equitable and justice-oriented education.
Diversity in Academia and Sustainability Science: The STEM Blindspot
Authors: Augustin-Behravesh Shirley-Ann 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing diversity in organizations has been shown to lead to more open, innovative and productive organizations. Within sustainability science, the need for diverse opinions, experiences and disciplines cannot be overstated. Two of the core principles of sustainability are normative and collaborative competencies that emphasize the need for diverse stakeholder involvement. To solve complicated, societal problems, we need to ensure that voices typically unheard, have a part to play in developing solutions for sustainability challenges. This is becoming even more critical as we see the impacts of sustainability problems being disproportionately felt by vulnerable populations, which often are populated by Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC). Despite this evident need, our current academic positions in the field of sustainability and environmental science, like most STEM disciplines, are predominantly held by white, male faculty.
Building Authentic Connections to Science Through Mentorship, Activism, and Community, in Teaching and Practice
Authors: Patterson Angelica E. , Williams Tanisha M. , Ramos Jorge , Pierre Suzanne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe field of environmental science and the movements within have traditionally excluded non-white and marginalized communities, resulting in underrepresentation and lowered engagement of these groups within and outside of academia. The systemic economic and cultural barriers in academia and our larger society inhibit racially ethnic and gender-diverse students from fully participating and authentically engaging in the sciences. Building meaningful connections to the field of environmental sciences and sustainability requires integrated approaches that extend “beyond the walls” to encourage, inspire, and motivate students to take an interest in studying and pursuing careers in ecology and the earth sciences. In a conversation centered around critical race theory and intersectionality, four scientists and educators discuss the challenges and rewards of helping students navigate science in academia. They also examine how their advocacy for diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice translates into actionable approaches that deconstruct the barriers that have prevented equal representation and empowerment of marginalized groups in the environmental sciences.
A Commons for Whom? Racism and the Environmental Movement
Authors: Ghoche Ralph , Udoh Unyimeabasi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe question of whether we must ‘save the world,’ in an ecological sense, has in its wake another, more insidious question: for whom? This chapter looks at troubling elements in the postwar environmental movement that embraced racist and misanthropic assumptions regarding peoples of the Global South. It pays special attention to “The Tragedy of the Commons,” a 1968 article by the ecologist Garrett Hardin, highlighting the nativist and white nationalist themes that run through this well-known text. It locates the emergence of these biases in the revival of interest in population theories in the 1940s, which warned that the maximum population the earth could sustain would soon be surpassed. The chapter concludes by considering two attitudes that prompt misguided interpretations of the human role in nature: the first “naturalizes” human action, subsuming it under nature’s own set of priorities, while the second “denatures” humanity, seeing it as a “parasite” existing outside of nature and acting in a wholly disruptive way. We argue that recent environmental action and scholarship are challenging these problematic viewpoints.
The Four Pillars of Peer Assessment for Collaborative Teamwork in Higher Education
Authors: Sridharan Bhavani , McKay Jade , Boud David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeer learning is an umbrella term covering diverse strategies supporting students to learn from each other. Studies highlight the power of combining two intertwined models of peer learning, namely peer assessment/feedback and collaborative team-based learning, to prepare graduates for the world of work and encourage acceptable social behaviours. Nevertheless, this approach comes with distinct challenges of marking bias, implementation difficulties, quality, trust and other issues. Studies addressing these challenges in the collaborative teamwork context are sparse and fail to consider the complex and intertwined challenges. Responding to this need, we propose a four-pillar framework comprising veracity, validity, volume and literacy to provide a strong footing on which to base future work in this area. Each of the pillars supports specific but overlapping aspects of peer assessment including assessment design (veracity pillar); implementation considerations (validity pillar); technology factors (volume pillar); and roles and responsibilities (literacy pillar). The framework aims to support educators, policymakers and scholars in mitigating challenges to reimagine and renew peer learning practices to effect positive change.