bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Determinants of China's Minimum Wage Rates
Authors: Schmillen Achim , Stops Michael , Wang Dewen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe use a highly disaggregated panel of macro data and minimum wages at the county level to investigate the processes behind minimum wage adjustments in China. Relying on random effects models, spatial econometrics techniques, and multilevel analyses, we document that a comparatively small number of economic variables – including the local price level and GDP per capita – are important determinants of minimum wage rates. Interactions between adjacent counties and counties of the same administrative type, and centralized mechanisms, particularly at the provincial level, also play an important role in explaining the variance in minimum wage rates across counties. Finally, we show that China's provinces are the key players for setting minimum wage rates and that, when they do so, they are not uniform in the way they weigh different economic variables.
Older people's preferences and expectations of preventive oral care in the home
Authors: Blasi Alicia M. , Vonhoegen Lena , Herrler Angélique , Wicht Michael J. , Barbe Anna Greta 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess older people's preferences and expectations for preventive oral care in their own home.BackgroundWith increasing age, the use of dental services declines and oral health becomes secondary, yet good oral health contributes to quality of life and has a positive impact on general health. Thus, the healthcare system should offer a care structure in which oral health can be maintained into old age. To provide patient‐centred care, patient preferences in additional preventive oral care need to be explored.Materials and MethodsIn this qualitative study, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with community‐dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years to understand their preferences and expectations for oral care in a home‐based setting. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ResultsFourteen dental patients were included. Three overarching themes were identified. The desire for independence was predominant when addressing their future capability to perform oral hygiene. When addressing possible future oral health support, self‐determination and independence were important to them. Concerns about dependency in inpatient care facilities and the associated reduction in oral care were evident. Frequency, costs and the practice environment played a decisive role when thinking about additional preventive measures for their future.ConclusionThe results of this study provide important information about older people's preferences and expectations for preventive oral care in the home environment and relate to three core themes of (1) changes in oral hygiene skills and perceptions, (2) support and (3) organisational factors. These must be considered when planning and implementing preventive oral care.
Proteomic analysis identifies argininosuccinate synthetase 1 and special AT‐rich sequence binding protein 1 as reliable markers for the immunohistochemical distinction between WHO types A and B3 thymomas
Authors: Bremmer Felix , Bohnenberger Hanibal , Findeisen Peter , Welter Stefan , von Hammerstein‐Equord Alexander , Hinterthaner Marc , Müller Denise , Küffer Stefan , Okada Satoru , Marx Alexander , Ströbel Philipp 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe reliable classification of type A versus type B3 thymomas has prognostic and therapeutic relevance, but can be problematic due to considerably overlapping morphology. No immunohistochemical markers aiding in this distinction have been published so far.Methods and resultsWe identified and quantified numerous differentially expressed proteins using an unbiased proteomic screen by mass spectrometry in pooled protein lysates from three type A and three type B3 thymomas. From these, candidates were validated in a larger series of paraffin‐embedded type A and B3 thymomas. We identified argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) and special AT‐rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) as highly discriminatory between 34 type A and 20 type B3 thymomas (94% sensitivity, 98% specificity and 96% accuracy). Although not the focus of this study, the same markers also proved helpful in the diagnosis of type AB (n = 14), B1 (n = 4) and B2 thymomas (n = 10).ConclusionsMutually exclusive epithelial expression of ASS1 in 100% of type B3 thymomas and ectopic nuclear expression of SATB1 in 92% of type A thymomas support the distinction between type A and type B3 thymomas with 94% sensitivity, 98% specificity and 96% accuracy.
Upscaling of asymmetric hollow fiber‐supported thin film membranes for oxygen separation from air: Proof of concept
Authors: Lee Myongjin , Gan Yun , Yang Chunyang , Ren Chunlei , Xue Xingjian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHollow fiber membranes demonstrate various advantages for high performance oxygen separation. However, the small diameters of hollow fibers and the brittleness of ceramics limit their mechanical strength, imposing great difficulties on stack and module development. Gas‐tight sealing is another challenge for upscaling of hollow fiber membrane technology. Low temperature sealant materials of epoxy resin or silicon are typically used for hollow fiber stacks, requiring that the sealing portions be located out of hot zone. Consequently, only partial length of hollow fibers participates in oxygen permeation. In this study, upscaling of our recently developed asymmetric hollow fiber‐supported thin film membranes is conducted, where individual hollow fibers are assembled in parallel to form a stack. A reliable gas‐tight sealing is obtained by combining ceramic paste with conductive adhesive ink cohesively. Comprehensive oxygen permeation test is conducted with the sealing portions being in hot zone and compared with a single hollow fiber membrane. Fundamental mechanism is discussed to understand the performances and their differences. An accelerated long‐term test (∼320 h, 16 thermal cycles) demonstrates excellent stability and robustness of the stack and sealing. The characterization of post‐test samples further confirms excellent stability and robustness of the phases and microstructures of the stack.
Household, dietary, and clinical characteristics of childhood caries and overweight progression—A prospective cohort study
Authors: Tavares Mary , Chiu Chung‐Jung , Hasturk Hatice , Lake Kristina , O'Keefe Anna C. , De Armas Veronica , Yaskell Tina , Esberg Anders , Johansson Ingegerd , Tanner Anne C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildhood caries and obesity are complex chronic diseases with negative health outcomes.AimThis study sought a risk profile for childhood caries and overweight.DesignChildren were recruited into a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Caries and overweight characteristics were obtained at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Sequential data modeling steps determined a disease risk profile.ResultsAt baseline, 50% of the children (n = 194, 3.0 to 6.9 years) had caries; 24% were overweight, of whom 50% had caries. Correlation analysis separated child characteristics from household circumstances. Principal component modeling separated child snacking from meal‐eating patterns, and household smoking from parent education variables. Baseline caries and overweight were not associated, but they grouped together in the modeling of composite features. Forty‐five percent of children showed caries progression, 29% overweight progression, and 10% progression of both diseases. The strongest predictors of progression were disease presence, household‐based characteristics, and sugary drinks. Children with caries and overweight progression shared multiple child‐ and household‐based features.ConclusionIndividually, caries and overweight were not associated. Children with progression of both conditions shared a profile and multiple risk characteristics suggesting these findings could be useful in assessing the risk for the most extreme cases of caries and overweight.
Effect of different intraoral scanners and scanbody splinting on accuracy of scanning implant‐supported full arch fixed prosthesis
Authors: Ashraf Yasmine , Abo El Fadl Ahmad , Hamdy Amina , Ebeid Kamal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the accuracy of different intraoral scanners (IOS) for scanning of implant‐supported full arch fixed prosthesis with different implant angulations with and without scanbodies splinting.Materials and MethodsTwo maxillary models were designed and fabricated to receive an all‐on‐four implant retained. The models were divided into two groups according to the angulation of the posterior implant (Group 1; 30 and Group 2; 45). Each group was then divided into three subgroups according to the type of IOS used: Subgroup C; Primescan, subgroup T; Trios4, and subgroup M; Medit i600. Then each subgroup was divided into two divisions according to scanning technique; division S: splinted and division N: nonsplinted. Ten scans were made by each scanner for every division. Trueness and precision were analyzed using Geomagic controlX analysis software.ResultsAngulation had no significant effect on both the trueness (p = 0.854) and precision (p = 0.347). Splinting had a significant effect on trueness and precision (p < 0.001). Scanner type had a significant effect on trueness (p < 0.001) and precision (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between trueness of Trios 4 (112.15 ± 12.85) and Primescan (106.75 ± 22.58). However, there was a significant difference when compared to trueness of Medit i600 (158.50 ± 27.65). For the precision results Cerec Primescan showed the highest precision (95.45 ± 33.21). There was a significant difference between the three scanners, precision of Trios4 (109.72 ± 19.24) and Medit i600 (121.21 ± 17.26).ConclusionCerec Primescan has higher trueness and precision than Trios 4 and Medit i600 in full arch implants scanning. Splinting the scanbodies improve the accuracy of full arch implants scanning.Clinical SignificanceCerec Primescan and 3Shape Trios 4 can be used for scanning of All‐on‐four implant supported prosthesis when scanbodies are splinted using a modular chain device.
Endoscopic treatment of pancreatic necrosis: Still searching for perfection!
Authors: Rana Surinder Singh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOver last few years, there has been a paradigm shift in the management of infected pancreatic necrosis with endoscopic and minimally invasive “step‐up” management approach replacing open surgical necrosectomy. Because of being associated with reduced occurrence of new onset multi‐organ failure, external pancreatic fistulae, shorter hospital stay, lower costs, and better quality of life compared with minimally invasive surgical approach, endoscopic “step‐up” management approach is the preferred intervention for endoscopically accessible pancreatic necrotic collections at expert centers with endoscopic expertise. Development of lumen apposing metal stents and improvised accessories for interventional endoscopic ultrasound has revolutionized the endoscopic management of pancreatic necrosis making it more effective and safer. Despite these promising developments, endoscopic transluminal necrosectomy (ETN) remains the Achilles heel. Lack of dedicated endoscopic accessories, poor endoscopic visualization within the necrotic cavity, limited diameter of the instrument channel of the endoscope that is a significant impediment to remove large amount of necrotic material, and uncertain ability to avoid vessels and vital structures in the necrotic cavity are important limitations during endoscopic necrosectomy. Recent devices and solutions including use of cap assisted necrosectomy, over the scope grasper and powered endoscopic debridement device are welcome steps in our pursuit for an ideal, safer, and efficacious ETN device. This review will discuss recent advances as well as challenges in the endoscopic management of pancreatic necrosis.
The role of eosinophil as a diagnostic, differential, and prognostic marker for Covid‐19 during pregnancy: Case–control study from tertiary center
Authors: Atalay Aysegul , Sinaci Selcan , Besimoglu Berhan , Ozkavak Onur , Kaya Ecem , Kara Ozgur , Sahin Dilek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the level of eosinophil count in Covid‐19 pregnant patients as a cost‐effective tool for aiding in diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and prognosis and, to assess whether eosinopenia could be similar or superior to lymphopenia in pregnancy with Covid‐19.MethodsRetrospective case–control study was conducted including pregnant women tested simultaneously for SARS‐CoV‐2 by RT‐PCR and complete blood count (CBC). Eosinophil counts (EOS), lymphocytes (LYM), neutrophils (NEU) with calculation of EOS/LYM ratio, EOS/NEU ratio, NEU/LYM ratio, LYM/NEU ratio (LNR), eosinopenia, and lymphopenia were compared between the groups. ROC analysis was performed for determination of optimal cut‐off values and comparative analysis between AUC were performed using the paired sample design. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors affecting the categorical variables.ResultsFour thousand two hundred sixteen pregnant women were included in the final analysis of which (n = 845) as healthy control group, (n = 1482) as non Covid‐19 patient group and (n = 1889) as Covid‐19 group. Covid‐19 group was divided into three subgroups based on severity. To diagnose and distinguish Covid‐19 from other infectious conditions, EOS had better performance with higher area under curve (AUC) (0.769 and 0.757 AUC, respectively, p < 0.001). Categorically, eosinopenia had better diagnostic (Covid‐19 vs. healthy), prognostic (severe–critical vs. mild–moderate), and differential diagnostic (Covid‐19 vs. non Covid‐19) performance than lymphopenia (OR = 5.5 vs. 3.4, OR = 3.4 vs. 1.8, OR = 5.4 vs. 2.7 p = 0.000).ConclusionEosinopenia is a low‐cost, reliable, and convenient marker for Covid‐19 not only in diagnosis, but also in prognosis by acting as an early marker for predicting severe–critical cases.
Observed Mask Use in Kindergarten Through Grade 12 Schools in Georgia—Fall, 2021
Authors: Hall LaShonda L. , Thomas Ebony S. , Mahon Garrett , Rose Charles E. , Harwell Osizwe R. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDUniversal masking, with additional layered prevention strategies, was an essential tool for limiting the transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 and ensuring a safe return to in‐person learning for kindergarten through 12th grade (K‐12) students and staff. Few studies have examined mask adherence in this setting and none have described types of masks worn or locations of mask adherence. This project sought to assess mask adherence, types worn, and location of mask adherence in K‐12 settings.METHODSThis study used direct in‐person observations to measure the proportion of persons wearing masks correctly; type of masks worn; and location of mask adherence in 19 K‐12 schools in Georgia.RESULTSA total of 16,222 observations were conducted. Among those observed, 85.2% wore masks, with 80.3% wearing the mask correctly. Persons in high school were less likely to wear masks correctly. Correct mask use was most often observed among persons wearing N95‐type masks. The prevalence of persons wearing masks correctly in transitional spaces was 5% higher than in congregate spaces.CONCLUSIONIn K‐12 schools with a universal masking policy, correct mask adherence was high among individuals. Examining adherence to recommended prevention measures can provide K‐12 schools feedback to inform targeted messaging and policies during future disease outbreaks.
Preoperative Prevalence and Risk Factors For Calf Muscular Vein Thrombosis in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors: Pan Sheng , Zhou Shen , Ruze Xie‐yi‐dai , Jin Wang‐yi , Yan Zi‐wen , Peng Da‐lin , Guo Kai‐jin , Wang Yang‐yu‐fan , Zheng Xin 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveIncreasing evidence has shown that calf muscular vein thrombosis (CMVT) can develop into proximal deep vein thrombosis, even causing pulmonary embolism. However, opinions about the prevalence and risk factors are still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for CMVT in elderly patients with hip fractures to facilitate their preoperative management.MethodsWe included 419 elderly patients with hip fracture who were treated in the orthopaedic department of our hospital from June 2017 to December 2020. The patients were divided into CMVT and non‐CMVT groups based on color Doppler ultrasound screening of the venous system in the lower extremities. Clinical data, such as age, sex, body mass index, time from injury to admission, and laboratory data were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors for CMVT. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive effectiveness of the model. Finally, the clinical utility of the model was analyzed using decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves.ResultsThe prevalence of preoperative CMVT was 30.5% (128/419). Independent predictors of preoperative CMVT identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were sex, time from injury to admission, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, C‐reactive protein (CRP) level, and D‐dimer level (p < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) was 0.750 (95% CI: 0.699–0.800, p < 0.001) and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.698 and 0.711, respectively, which meant the prediction model has a good efficacy in the prediction of CMVT risk. In addition, the fitting degree of the prediction model was also good (Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 = 8.447, p > 0.05). The clinical utility of the model was verified using decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves.ConclusionSex, time from injury to admission, ASA classification, CRP level, and D‐dimer levels are independent preoperative predictors of CMVT in elderly patients with hip fractures. Measures should be taken for patients with these risk factors to prevent the occurrence and deterioration of CMVT.
Endocardial substrate of ventricular tachycardia in an adult patient with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries without surgical repair
Authors: González‐Lozano Jaime , Ballesteros Gabriel , Cano Joaquín , Osorio Diego , Urbano Cristóbal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCongenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is a rare congenital heart disease which may present sudden cardiac death presumably due to malignant ventricular tachycardia (VT). In patients with congenital heart disease, knowledge of arrhythmogenic substrate is crucial for planning an ablation procedure. We present the first description of the arrhythmogenic endocardial substrate of a non‐iatrogenic scar‐related VT in a patient with CCTGA.
Pediatric posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: Age related clinico‐radiological profile and neurologic outcomes
Authors: Ekinci Faruk , Yildizdas Dincer , Horoz Ozden Ozgur , Gul Mert Gulen , Kaya Omer , Bayram Ibrahim , Atmis Bahriye , Leblebisatan Goksel , Sezgin Gulay , Yavas Damla Pinar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of pediatric posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) to determine clinical and radiologic differences between younger and older age groups, and to identify risk factors for development of any neurologic sequelae.MethodsThe study cohort consisted of confirmed pediatric PRES patients in a tertiary care university hospital from January, 2015, to December, 2020. Demographic and clinical properties, radiological manifestations, and neurologic outcomes were noted. Children aged ≤6 years were compared with those older than 6 years and factors affecting neurologic outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThe most common underlying diseases were oncological (37%) and kidney diseases (29%). Epileptic seizures were the most frequent symptoms at initial clinical presentation. The regions in the brain that were most commonly involved were the occipital region (n = 65, 96%), the parietal region (n = 52, 77%), and the frontal lobe (n = 35, 54%). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were consistent with atypical patterns in most of the study cohort (71%). Patients with unfavorable clinical outcomes (n = 13, 19.1%) had longer initial seizure times and longer encephalopathy times, lower leucocyte and absolute neutrophil counts, and lower neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios. No relationship was found between MRI findings, involvement patterns, and neurologic outcomes.ConclusionsNo clinically specific differences between two different age groups were found. Atypical imaging manifestations of pediatric PRES in our study had an incidence that was as high as those found in earlier adult studies. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the initial neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, absolute neutrophil counts, and white cell counts could not predict poor neurologic outcomes.
Effect of pregnancy length on the early development of Bengal kittens
Authors: Wójcik W. , Riedel J. , Pałka K. , Pipková V. , Adamczyk A. , Domańska M. , Kizierowska M. , Kurek A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn cat breeding, an important step is reproduction and obtaining healthy offspring. The main factor determining the survival of newborn kittens is the normal course and length of pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gestation length on the early development of kittens. It was shown that kittens (premature kittens) later double their body weight (p < .01), have lower daily gains (p < .01) and higher body weight during eye‐opening (p < .01), which occurs later than in kittens born on time. In addition, due to a shorter period of prenatal development, they require more time until the day of eye‐opening, which, together with the length of pregnancy, was defined as development age.
Jahangir's China and Other Toys: Mughal Collecting and the Early East India Company
Authors: Sen Amrita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, there arose in Europe a new demand for curiosities. While private collectors sought out exotic curiosities for their own cabinets, public botanical gardens also opened their doors. This essay turns to English attitudes towards Mughal collecting during the early seventeenth century. As active participants in what is now described as the ‘Global Renaissance’ Jahangir, the women in his household including Nur Jahan, as well as Mughal courtiers and officials also sought out curious objects from around the world. This essay examines the accounts of early East India Company factors and ambassadors, especially those by William Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe, to show how in English records Mughal collecting became associated with eastern greed at a time when the Company itself was profiting from the marketplace of the strange. Drawing on travel accounts, letters, as well as Company court minutes on the one hand, and Mughal sources such as Humayun Nama, Akbar Nama, and Tuzk‐i‐Jahangiri, this essay will explore the rich culture of Mughal collecting. It will show how the Company made note of the Mughal emperor's collections, tried to supply him new curiosities, and, at the same time, saw the Mughal desire for curiosities as an impediment to English trading activities in India.