bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating Micro-Depot Freight Transport in Existing Public Transport Services
Authors: Hörsting Lena , Cleophas Catherine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs conventional last-mile transport contributes to traffic congestion and pollution, urban areas need new approaches to transporting freight. One promising idea is integrating freight deliveries with existing public transport infrastructures like light rail. However, this concept creates the challenge of offering a high service quality for passengers and freight. In this work, we consider a setting where freight originates from and is transhipped at several public transit stops that serve as micro-depots with a limited storage capacity. Furthermore, the system relies on shared vehicles, where a dedicated share of the capacity can be used to fasten freight containers or as a standing area for passengers. For this setting, we propose an optimisation model that integrates the tactical scheduling of transport services and the allocation of freight containers to those services. To solve realistically sized instances, we propose an adaptive large neighbourhood search heuristic. We use this heuristic to evaluate the system’s sensitivity to the capacity of micro-depots and vehicles.
Beyond the stereotype of an intrapreneur: an exploratory study of different intrapreneurs and various corporate conditions
Authors: Engzell Jeanette 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe corporate entrepreneurship literature has identified the importance of intrapreneurs for maintaining growth, revitalization, and performance of corporations, but little is known about intrapreneurs and how they perceive their corporate working conditions. The working conditions in the corporation have an effect on employees’ behavior. This paper empirically investigates corporate conditions from the individual’s perspective as well as the types of intrapreneurs that exist. The findings from a cluster analysis of intrapreneurs suggests that there are three types of intrapreneurs: resilient intrapreneurs, neglected intrapreneurs, and privileged intrapreneurs. Overall, the findings show that intrapreneurial behavior and corporate conditions are related and that organizations purposefully can design their corporate environment to support different intrapreneurs.
Integration of a Groundwater Model to the Noah Land Surface Model for Aquifer‐Soil Interaction
Authors: Samuel Jerry B. , Chakraborty Arindam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoil water‐groundwater interactions are important in determining the moisture profile in a soil column. However, the Noah Land Surface Model (Noah LSM), the land surface component of several general circulation models, does not consider groundwater effects. The present study investigates the impact of integrating a groundwater model into the Noah LSM. By performing experiments forced by observations at the surface, insights into the characteristics of soil moisture evolution with and without the aquifer are investigated. In the absence of surface precipitation, soil moisture is shown to exhibit an exponential decay rate without the aquifer (termed as Noah‐Cntl). This is because evapotranspiration dominates other processes governing the soil moisture evolution. Based on scale analysis, we derived an analytical equation that could well represent the aforementioned exponential variation in soil moisture. Presence of the aquifer (termed as Noah‐GW) makes the capillary processes important as well. The result is a slower decay of soil moisture as compared to Noah‐Cntl without surface precipitation. Soil moisture evolution in both the models is a function of vegetation and soil types. As a result, the aforementioned decay timescale displays significant heterogeneity over the Indian region, with Central India exhibiting relatively faster decay rates. We also performed 24‐year long experiments with observed interannually varying forcing that indicates an enhancement in the annual mean soil moisture at all levels due to groundwater effects. This enhancement is particularly prominent during the post‐monsoon season, reaffirming the results of the drain‐out experiments mentioned above.
Anthropogenic Attribution of the Increasing Seasonal Amplitude in Surface Ocean pCO2
Authors: Joos Fortunat , Hameau Angélique , Frölicher Thomas L. , Stephenson David B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA positive trend in time has been noted in the seasonal amplitude of surface ocean pCO2 over much of the oceans, which is expected to have detrimental impacts on marine ecosystems. To determine whether or not this has an anthropogenic cause, this study investigates historical climate simulations from the Detection and Attribution Model Intercomparison Project with and without anthropogenic forcing. The simulations with anthropogenic forcing show clear evidence of positive trends, whereas the simulations with constant preindustrial atmospheric CO2 and natural external forcing give only negligible trends. A statistical analysis of five zonal latitudinal bands reveals that the trends detected over 1990–2014 in an ensemble of six observational products are attributable to anthropogenic forcing in mid‐latitudes (40°N–10°N, 10°S–40°S), while no trends are detected and modeled in the tropics and the Southern Ocean. Most models fail to represent the sign of the observed climatological mean seasonal cycle difference in high latitudes.
Regulating Fine‐Scale Resolved Convection in High‐Resolution Models for Better Hurricane Track Prediction
Authors: Gao Kun , Harris Lucas , Bender Morris , Chen Jan‐Huey , Zhou Linjiong , Knutson Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh‐resolution atmospheric models are powerful tools for hurricane track and intensity predictions. Although using high resolution contributes to better representation of hurricane structure and intensity, its value in the prediction of steering flow and storm tracks is uncertain. Here we present experiments suggesting that biases in the predicted North Atlantic hurricane tracks in a high‐resolution (approximately 3 km grid‐spacing) model originates from the model's explicit simulation of deep convection. Differing behavior of explicit convection leads to changes in the synoptic‐scale pattern and thereby to the steering flow. Our results suggest that optimizing small‐scale convection activity, for example, through the model's horizontal advection scheme, can lead to significantly improved hurricane track prediction (∼10% reduction of mean track error) at lead times beyond 72 hr. This work calls attention to the behavior of explicit convection in high‐resolution models, and its often overlooked role in affecting larger‐scale circulations and hurricane track prediction.
Chemical Activity of Low Altitude (50 km) Sprite Streamers
Authors: Malagón‐Romero Alejandro , Pérez‐Invernón Francisco J. , Gordillo‐Vázquez Francisco J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA three‐stage simulation is used to explore the chemical influence of low altitude (50 km) sprite streamers on the atmosphere, including the chemical trail after the streamer has faded away. In the first stage (streamer phase) a 2D electrodynamical streamer model quantifies the generation of NOx and N2O, and the removal of ozone (O3) by a downward propagating streamer during Δtstreamer = 80 μs. This streamer propagation leads to a distinctive region in the streamer channel, the glow, where the electric field is enhanced. In the second stage (glow phase), the computed densities of the first stage are used as initial conditions for a 0D model to study the chemical evolution of the streamer channel, where we assume a remanent field of 100 Td for the glow and 0 Td elsewhere. This stage lasts Δtglow = 85 μs, the typical glow lifetime at 50 km. Finally, in the third stage (post‐streamer phase), we use the same 0D model, switch off the field in the glow region and let the whole streamer wake evolve roughly 100 s (100 s − Δtglow). Results show a key species such as O3 is mainly depleted during the streamer phase while NOx and N2O are predominantly produced during the same phase. We also compute the local increase of NO2 by sprite streamers at ∼50 km and find out that it could account for the measurable NO2 anomaly over thunderstorms reported from satellite‐based measurements.
Impact of Clean Air Policy on Criteria Air Pollutants and Health Risks Across China During 2013–2021
Authors: Li Rui , Gao Yining , Xu Jianhua , Cui Lulu , Wang Gehui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe impact of clean air policy enacted in China since 2013 on air quality and human health remained poorly understood. For the first time, we developed a full‐coverage air quality data set including six criteria air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and 8‐hr O3) using a three‐stage model. Then, the LightGBM model was applied to further quantify the respective contributions of emission and meteorology to air quality. The results suggested that the deweathered concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO in China decreased by 46.2%, 43.1%, 24.7%, 55.5%, and 37.2%, respectively. However, the 8‐hr O3 concentration in China increased by 19.4%. The variation trends of deweathered PM2.5 and NO2 were much weaker than the absolute concentrations of these species, indicating more strict emission control measures should be imposed in the future. Based on the comparison of the effectiveness during 2013–2017 and 2018–2021, we found that nearly all of the regions suffered from immense difficulty in reducing PM2.5 emissions in recent years. However, the CO emission control has become more efficient since 2018. The increasing rate of deweathered 8‐hr O3 concentration was more dramatic during 2018–2021 compared with 2013–2017, which was in contrast to the absolute 8‐hr O3 concentration. It suggested that the rapid increase of ambient O3 level might be masked by favorable meteorological conditions since 2018. Although the large reduction of PM2.5 and NO2 saved more health benefits (625,362 cases), the increase of O3 exposure aggravated the health costs (20,419 cases) across China. Therefore, collaborative control of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 pollution are still imperative in the future work.
On the Emplacement of the Impact Melt at the Dhala Impact Structure, India
Authors: Joshi Gaurav , Phukon Pradyut , Agarwal Amar , Ojha Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate the magnetic fabrics and magnetic mineralogy of the impact melt rock at the Dhala impact structure to understand its emplacement mechanism. Pseudo‐single domains of Ti‐poor magnetite and Ti‐hematite are the prime magnetic carriers in the impact melt rock. The magnetic foliations show a range of dip amounts. The overall trend of the magnetic foliation of the impact melt rock draws a resemblance with the flood basalts or lava flows. A well‐developed magnetic lineation (K1) indicates the strong alignment of Ti‐poor magnetite grains. Therefore, the magnetic carriers may have crystallized and aligned themselves along the flow direction before the emplacement. It may be possible that after the crystallization of the magnetic carriers, the impact melt moved in a semi‐molten state similar to lava flows with temperatures below c. 1,500°C, which is the melting point of Ti‐magnetite and was emplaced as crater‐fill deposits. Among the three principal magnetic susceptibility axes, K1 aligns best with the mesoscopic flow indicators. K1 of individual specimens' trends between NW and SW, while the mean K1 at all the sites trends westward. Thus, at the studied sites, the impact melt flow was dominantly eastward. In the sites located to the NW and W, the eastward flow could be due to gravity‐driven crater inward flow toward the center. At site IM2, which is located to E, the eastward flow of the impact melt is possibly due to crater outward excavation flow.
Radio Instrument Package for Lunar Ionospheric Observation: A Concept Study
Authors: Watson C. , Jayachandran P. T. , Kashcheyev A. , Themens D. R. , Langley R. B. , Marchand R. , Yau A. W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe lunar ionosphere is a ∼100 km thick layer of electrically charged plasma surrounding the moon. Despite knowledge of its existence for decades, the structure and dynamics of the lunar plasma remain a mystery due to lack of consistent observational capacity. An enhanced observational picture of the lunar ionosphere and improved understanding of its formation/loss mechanisms is critical for understanding the lunar environment as a whole and assessing potential safety and economic hazards associated with lunar exploration and habitation. To address the high priority need for observations of the electrically charged constituents nikear the lunar surface, we introduce a concept study for the Radio Instrument Package for Lunar Ionospheric Observation (RIPLIO). RIPLIO would consist of a multi‐CubeSat constellation (at least two satellites) in lunar orbit for the purpose of conducting “crosslink” radio occultation measurements of the lunar ionosphere, with at least one satellite carrying a very high frequency (VHF) transmitter broadcasting at multiple frequencies, and at least one satellite flying a broadband receiver to monitor transmitting satellites. Radio occultations intermittently occur when satellite‐to‐satellite signals cross through the lunar ionosphere, and the resulting phase perturbations of VikHF signals may be analyzed to infer the ionosphere electron content and high‐ resolution vertical electron density profiles. As demonstrated in this study, RIPLIO would provide a novel means for lunar observation, with the potential to provide long‐term, high‐resolution observations of the lunar ionosphere with unprecedented pan‐lunar detail.
Posttranslational splicing modifications as a key mechanism in cytarabine resistance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Morales María Luz , García-Vicente Roberto , Rodríguez-García Alba , Reyes-Palomares Armando , Vincelle-Nieto África , Álvarez Noemí , Ortiz-Ruiz Alejandra , Garrido-García Vanesa , Giménez Alicia , Carreño-Tarragona Gonzalo , Sánchez Ricardo , Ayala Rosa , Martínez-López Joaquín , Linares María 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite the approval of several drugs for AML, cytarabine is still widely used as a therapeutic approach. However, 85% of patients show resistance and only 10% overcome the disease. Using RNA-seq and phosphoproteomics, we show that RNA splicing and serine-arginine-rich (SR) proteins phosphorylation were altered during cytarabine resistance. Moreover, phosphorylation of SR proteins at diagnosis were significantly lower in responder than non-responder patients, pointing to their utility to predict response. These changes correlated with altered transcriptomic profiles of SR protein target genes. Notably, splicing inhibitors were therapeutically effective in treating sensitive and resistant AML cells as monotherapy or combination with other approved drugs. H3B-8800 and venetoclax combination showed the best efficacy in vitro, demonstrating synergistic effects in patient samples and no toxicity in healthy hematopoietic progenitors. Our results establish that RNA splicing inhibition, alone or combined with venetoclax, could be useful for the treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML.
Atlantic water influx and sea-ice cover drive taxonomic and functional shifts in Arctic marine bacterial communities
Authors: Priest Taylor , von Appen Wilken-Jon , Oldenburg Ellen , Popa Ovidiu , Torres-Valdés Sinhué , Bienhold Christina , Metfies Katja , Boulton William , Mock Thomas , Fuchs Bernhard M , Amann Rudolf , Boetius Antje , Wietz Matthias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Arctic Ocean is experiencing unprecedented changes because of climate warming, necessitating detailed analyses on the ecology and dynamics of biological communities to understand current and future ecosystem shifts. Here, we generated a four-year, high-resolution amplicon dataset along with one annual cycle of PacBio HiFi read metagenomes from the East Greenland Current (EGC), and combined this with datasets spanning different spatiotemporal scales (Tara Arctic and MOSAiC) to assess the impact of Atlantic water influx and sea-ice cover on bacterial communities in the Arctic Ocean. Densely ice-covered polar waters harboured a temporally stable, resident microbiome. Atlantic water influx and reduced sea-ice cover resulted in the dominance of seasonally fluctuating populations, resembling a process of “replacement” through advection, mixing and environmental sorting. We identified bacterial signature populations of distinct environmental regimes, including polar night and high-ice cover, and assessed their ecological roles. Dynamics of signature populations were consistent across the wider Arctic; e.g. those associated with dense ice cover and winter in the EGC were abundant in the central Arctic Ocean in winter. Population- and community-level analyses revealed metabolic distinctions between bacteria affiliated with Arctic and Atlantic conditions; the former with increased potential to use bacterial- and terrestrial-derived substrates or inorganic compounds. Our evidence on bacterial dynamics over spatiotemporal scales provides novel insights into Arctic ecology and indicates a progressing Biological Atlantification of the warming Arctic Ocean, with consequences for food webs and biogeochemical cycles.
Roles of extracellular adenosine triphosphate on the functions of periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Kyawsoewin Maythwe , Manokawinchoke Jeeranan , Namangkalakul Worachat , Egusa Hiroshi , Limraksasin Phoonsuk , Osathanon Thanaphum 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an essential nucleotide that is normally present in both intracellular and extracellular compartments. Extracellular ATP (eATP) has a pivotal role in both physiological and pathological processes of periodontal ligament tissues. Here, this review aimed to explore the various functions of eATP that are involved in the control of behaviours and functions of periodontal ligament cells.

Methods
To identify the included publications for review, the articles were searched in PubMed (MEDLINE) and SCOPUS with the keywords of adenosine triphosphate and periodontal ligament cells. Thirteen publications were used as the main publications for discussion in the present review.

Results
eATP has been implicated as a potent stimulator for inflammation initiation in periodontal tissues. It also plays a role in proliferation, differentiation, remodelling, and immunosuppressive functions of periodontal ligament cells. Yet, eATP has diverse functions in regulating periodontal tissue homeostasis and regeneration.

Conclusion
eATP may provide a new prospect for periodontal tissue healing as well as treatment of periodontal disease especially periodontitis. It may be utilized as a useful therapeutic tool for future periodontal regeneration therapy.
Crosstalk between autophagy and CSCs: molecular mechanisms and translational implications
Authors: Li Dai , Peng Xueqiang , He Guangpeng , Liu Jiaxing , Li Xian , Lin Weikai , Fang Jianjun , Li Xinyu , Yang Shuo , Yang Liang , Li Hangyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCancer stem cells(CSCs) play a key role in regulating tumorigenesis, progression, as well as recurrence, and possess typical metabolic characteristics. Autophagy is a catabolic process that can aid cells to survive under stressful conditions such as nutrient deficiency and hypoxia. Although the role of autophagy in cancer cells has been extensively studied, CSCs possess unique stemness, and their potential relationship with autophagy has not been fully analyzed. This study summarizes the possible role of autophagy in the renewal, proliferation, differentiation, survival, metastasis, invasion, and treatment resistance of CSCs. It has been found that autophagy can contribute to the maintenance of CSC stemness, facilitate the tumor cells adapt to changes in the microenvironment, and promote tumor survival, whereas in some other cases autophagy acts as an important process involved in the deprivation of CSC stemness thus leading to tumor death. Mitophagy, which has emerged as another popular research area in recent years, has a great scope when explored together with stem cells. In this study, we have aimed to elaborate on the mechanism of action of autophagy in regulating the functions of CSCs to provide deeper insights for future cancer treatment.
Defective efferocytosis by aged macrophages promotes STING signaling mediated inflammatory liver injury
Authors: Hu Haoran , Cheng Xuyu , Li Fei , Guan Zhu , Xu Jian , Wu Dongming , Gao Yiyun , Zhan Xinyu , Wang Ping , Zhou Haoming , Rao Zhuqing , Cheng Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAged livers have shown aggravated liver ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. Timely efferocytosis of apoptotic cells is a key mechanism for avoiding excessive inflammation and tissue injury. Here, we investigated the alteration of efferocytosis by aged macrophages and its role in regulating macrophage STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling and liver IR injury. Aged and young mice were subjected to liver partial IR model. Liver injury and inflammation were measured. Efferocytosis by aged macrophages and the underlying regulatory mechanism were analyzed as well. Aged macrophages exhibited impaired efferocytosis with decreased MerTK (c-mer proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase) activation, which was reversed by treatment of the MerTK CRISPR activation plasmid. Increased MerTK cleavage by ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) due to enhanced ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels contributed to defective efferocytosis by aged macrophages. MerTK activation by suppressing ADAM17 or ROS improved aged macrophage efferocytosis, leading to reduced inflammatory liver injury. Moreover, increased apoptotic hepatocytes, DNA accumulation, and macrophage STING activation were observed in aged ischemic livers. Improvement in efferocytosis by aged macrophages via MerTK activation suppressed STING activation and inflammatory liver injury. Our study demonstrates that aging suppresses MerTK- mediated macrophage efferocytosis to promote macrophage STING activation and inflammatory liver IR injury, suggesting a new mechanism and potential therapy to promote inflammation resolution and efferocytosis in aged livers.
SCP2 mediates the transport of lipid hydroperoxides to mitochondria in chondrocyte ferroptosis
Authors: Dai Tianming , Xue Xiang , Huang Jian , Yang Zhenyu , Xu Pengfei , Wang Min , Xu Wuyan , Feng Zhencheng , Zhu Weicong , Xu Yangyang , Chen Junyan , Li Siming , Meng Qingqi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) is highly expressed in human osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage, accompanied by ferroptosis hallmarks, especially the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO). However, the role of SCP2 in chondrocyte ferroptosis remains unexplored. Here, we identify that SCP2 transports cytoplasmic LPO to mitochondria in RSL3-induced chondrocyte ferroptosis, resulting in mitochondrial membrane damage and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The localization of SCP2 on mitochondria is associated with mitochondrial membrane potential, but independent of microtubules transport or voltage-dependent anion channel. Moreover, SCP2 promotes lysosomal LPO increase and lysosomal membrane damage through elevating ROS. However, SCP2 is not directly involved in the cell membrane rupture caused by RSL3. Inhibition of SCP2 markedly protects mitochondria and reduces LPO levels, attenuating chondrocyte ferroptosis in vitro and alleviating the progression of OA in rats. Our study demonstrates that SCP2 mediates the transport of cytoplasmic LPO to mitochondria and the spread of intracellular LPO, accelerating chondrocyte ferroptosis.