bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose variability in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes: Comparison of dialysis and nondialysis days
Authors: Bomholt Tobias , Rix Marianne , Almdal Thomas , Knop Filip K. , Rosthøj Susanne , Jørgensen Morten B. , Feldt‐Rasmussen Bo , Hornum Mads 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionHemodialysis (HD) induces several physiological changes that can affect plasma glucose levels in patients with diabetes and in turn their glycemic control. Studies using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to assess glucose variations on dialysis days compared with nondialysis days report conflicting results. Here, we used CGM to examine glucose variations induced by HD in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsPatients with type 2 diabetes undergoing maintenance HD were included. CGM (Ipro2®, Medtronic) was performed at baseline and Week 4, 8, 12, and 16 for up to 7 days at each visit. CGM profiles on days where participants received HD were compared with days without HD using a linear mixed model.FindingsTwenty‐seven patients were included. The median number of CGM days performed was 8 (interquartile range [IQR] 6–10) for dialysis days and 16 (IQR 12–17) for nondialysis days. The median sensor glucose was 9.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.8–10.2) mmol/L on dialysis days compared with 9.5 (95% CI 8.9–10.2) mmol/L on nondialysis days (p = 0.58). Nocturnal mean sensor glucose was higher on dialysis days compared with nondialysis days: 8.8 (95% CI 8.0–9.6) mmol/L versus 8.4 (95% CI 7.7–9.2) mmol/L (p = 0.029).DiscussionSimilar median sensor glucose values were found for days on and off HD. Nocturnal glucose levels were modestly increased on dialysis days. Our findings indicate that antidiabetic treatment does not need to be differentiated on dialysis versus nondialysis days in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing maintenance HD.
Association of remaining tooth number with postoperative respiratory complications in heart valve surgery patients
Authors: Terano Kurara , Motoi Toshihiro , Nagata Emi , Oho Takahiko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined the association between the number of remaining teeth and the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications in patients undergoing heart valve surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 157 patients who underwent heart valve surgery between April 2010 and March 2019. Data on patient characteristics including systemic and oral conditions were extracted and postoperative respiratory complications were set as outcomes. Patients were divided into two groups according to the number of remaining teeth (≥20, <20). After adjusting for confounding factors with propensity scoring, logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of remaining teeth number with the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications. In addition, subgroup analysis was performed by stratifying the data into quintiles based on the propensity score.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed significant differences between the two groups in factors, including age, past cardiac surgery experience, New York Heart Association functional classification class IV, denture use, tooth extraction before surgery, occlusal support, and periodontitis. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with <20 remaining teeth had a significantly higher incidence of postoperative respiratory complications than those with ≥20 remaining teeth, with an odds ratio of 29.800 (p = 0.004). Subgroup analysis showed that the odds ratio for the patients with <20 remaining teeth was 9.000 (p = 0.038).ConclusionsThe results suggest that heart valve surgery patients shall get attention on oral disease prevention by dental care practitioners to maintain a sufficient number of teeth for the prevention of postoperative respiratory complications.
Effect of BN nanoparticle content in SiC matrix on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC/SiC composites
Authors: Shimoda Kazuya , Hinoki Tatsuya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBN‐nanoparticle‐containing SiC‐matrix‐based composites comprising SiC fibers and lacking a fiber/matrix interface (SiC/BN + SiC composites) were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1800°C for 10 min under 50 MPa in Ar. The content of added BN nanoparticles was varied from 0 to 50 vol.%. The mechanical properties of the SiC/BN + SiC composites were investigated thoroughly. The SiC/BN + SiC composites with a BN nanoparticle content of 50 vol.%, which had a bulk density of 2.73 g/cm3 and an open porosity of 5.8%, exhibited quasiductile fracture behavior, as indicated by a short nonlinear region and significantly shorter fiber pullouts owing to the relatively high modulus. The composites also exhibited high strength as well as bending, proportional limit stress, and ultimate tensile strength values of 496 ± 13, 251 ± 30, and 301 MPa ± 56 MPa, respectively, under ambient conditions. The SiC fibers with contents of BN nanoparticles above 30 vol.% were not severely damaged during SPS and adhered to the matrix to form a relatively weak fiber/matrix interface.
Stress and its impairment of skin barrier function
Authors: Lyu Fan , Wu Tong , Bian Yizhe , Zhu Kesen , Xu Jinhua , Li Fei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe principal function of skin is to provide a barrier to water loss and percutaneous penetration of exogenous substances. Any compromise of the skin homeostasis can lead to dryness, itchiness, or even pathogenic conditions. This study aimed to explore the relationship among psychological stress, skin homeostasis, sleep quality, and emotion.MethodsThis prospective observational study was conducted using a random sample of medical students from Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University. A questionnaire including the validated Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI) was distributed. The skin barrier function was measured by the transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration of skin. Dermoscopic images of the nose and infraorbital skin were obtained. We compared the skin homeostasis, sleep quality, and emotional state of medical students at different time points of the semester and explored the correlation between the variables.ResultsAs the semester progressed, the sleep quality and severity of anxiety of medical students got significantly worse, and they were closely related to the impaired skin barrier function. Both irregular schedule and stress can aggravate dark circles.ConclusionsMental stress can do harm to skin barrier through poor sleep and severe anxiety. The amount of sebum was positively correlated with the severity of anxiety while blackheads are mainly influenced by season change. Dermoscopy has a unique role in assessing blackheads and dark circles.
Use of pennywort pomace and tyrosinase in making of fibre‐rich pasta: effects on proximate composition, textural profile, cooking quality and overall acceptability of the product
Authors: Le Nguyen Phuc , Tran Thi Thu Tra , Ton Nu Minh Nguyet , Le Van Viet Man 
Published: February 2023

SummaryPennywort pomace, a by‐product of pennywort juice production, was used as a partial substitution for durum semolina in the making of fibre‐rich pasta. The effects of ratio of pennywort pomace powder (PPP) and tyrosinase (TYR) treatment of pasta dough on the product quality were investigated. The increase in PPP level from 0 to 20% of the flour blend resulted in higher dietary fibre and phenolic contents as well as higher antioxidant activities of the product. However, such a use of PPP in pasta recipe reduced its cooking performance, textural properties and overall acceptability. For the pasta dough supplemented with 10% PPP, the increase in TYR dosage from 0 to 75 U g−1 of the flour blend significantly enhanced the tensile strength and elongation rate while reduced the cooking loss of treated pasta; further increase in TYR concentration from 75 to 100 U g−1 of the flour blend did not change the cooking and textural properties. In addition, when the TYR treatment time lasted for 20 min, the tensile strength and elongation rate of high‐fibre pasta were improved; increase in treatment time from 20 to 40 min did not cause any significant effect on its cooking quality and textural profile. At the TYR dosage of 75 U g−1 of the flour blend and incubation time of 20 min, the overall acceptability of pasta fortified with 10% of PPP was statistically similar to that of the control. TYR treatment can be considered as a novel approach to improve the quality of high‐fibre pasta.
DNA methylation trajectories during innate and adaptive immune responses of human B lymphocytes
Authors: Jhuang Kai Fu , Hsu Man Lun , Chen Yu‐Chia , Chang Jan‐Growth , Zouali Moncef 
Published: February 2023

AbstractB lymphocytes can engage in either a rapid T cell‐independent pathway (TI) or a delayed long‐lasting T cell‐independent (TD) response through highly ordered transcriptional programs, yet the detailed underlying mechanisms are unclear. Since DNA methylation plays a key role in controlling gene expression and lineage specification, we explored the dynamics of whole‐genome cytosine modifications during the ex vivo response of human B cells isolated from normal individuals by negative selection. We found that B cell differentiation following TI and TD signalling is accompanied by extensive remodelling of the epigenome, including global gain and loss of DNA methylation. The epigenetic changes map to different regions of the B cell genome, including non‐ C‐phosphate‐G CpG islands, indicating that modifications of distal regulatory elements likely regulate specific gene transcription in B cells. Non‐CpG methylation also occurs in differentiating human B cells, suggesting that this DNA modification is involved in transcriptional regulation of B cell genes with promoters exhibiting a low‐density methylation, possibly by changing the chromatin shape that could have an impact on gene expression. Most strikingly, compared to TD activation, stimulation of B cells through an innate pathway induced higher levels of DNA methylation modifications at CpG, CHG and CGG contexts, supporting the view that DNA methylation modifications are used in distinct trajectories to specify the TI and TD B lymphocyte responses.
Mitigating foreign exchange risk exposure with supply chain flexibility: A real option analysis
Authors: Pellegrino Roberta , Gaudenzi Barbara , Zsidisin George A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUncertainty and risk abound in supply chains. One such form of risk existing in global supply chains comes from volatility associated with currency fluctuations—Foreign Exchange (FX) risk. Although the study and practice of using financial hedging instruments are well documented, there are also emerging supply chain strategies firms may adopt for mitigating FX risk. The purpose of this multi‐method study is to investigate how supply chain professionals perceive and mitigate FX risk, as well as to measure how investing in supply chain flexibility strategies affect firm financial performance. Using a mixed‐method approach based on qualitative case studies and simulation experiments using the lens of Real Option Theory, we are able to show how investments in supply chain flexibility strategies can mitigate FX risk in terms of cash flows and profits. Theoretical, methodological, and managerial implications are provided for better understanding FX risk in the emerging supply chain finance discipline.
Factors influencing Chinese undergraduate students' emotions in an online EFL learning context during the COVID pandemic
Authors: Shao Kaiqi , Kutuk Gulsah , Fryer Luke K. , Nicholson Laura J. , Guo Jidong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundConsiderable evidence suggests that students' achievement emotions are important contributors to their learning and success online. It is, therefore, essential to understand and support students' emotional experiences to enhance online education, especially under the COVID‐19 context. However, to date, very few studies have investigated how students' achievement emotions might be affected by teaching and learning factors in online learning environments.ObjectivesBased on Pekrun's (2006) control‐value theory of achievement emotions, this study examined the influence of students' perceived online teaching quality and appraisals of control and value on their achievement emotions in an online second language (L2) learning context instigated by the COVID‐19.MethodsData were collected using an online survey of 1503 undergraduates from ten universities across different regions of China. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to test the validity of the instruments and structural equation modelling were conducted to examine the relations between L2 teaching and learning variables.Results and ConclusionsResults revealed that perceived teacher internet and communication technology competence had positive effects on enjoyment, but negative effects on anxiety and boredom, and these effects were fully mediated by perceived control and/or value. Perceived chaotic teaching structure (CTS) had reverse effects for the three emotions. Perceived CTS effects on enjoyment and anxiety were fully and partially mediated by perceived control, respectively.TakeawaysOnline teaching quality is critical for students' appraisals and emotions towards L2 learning. Teachers should strive to improve online teaching quality and design interventions targeting students' perceived control and value to temper their affective experiences associated with the crisis‐prompted online teaching practices.
Telehealth equivalence of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA): Results from the Emory healthy brain study (EHBS)
Authors: Loring David W. , Lah James J. , Goldstein Felicia C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated potential differences between in‐person cognitive testing and video telehealth administration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In addition to the MoCA, the Patient Health Questionnaire‐8 (PHQ‐8) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) were administered.MethodsMoCA scores from participants in the Emory Health Brain Study (EHBS) were contrasted based upon whether they were administered the MoCA in the standard face‐to‐face (F2F) assessment setting (n = 1205) or using a video telehealth administration (n = 491). All EHBS participants were self‐reported to be cognitively normal.ResultsMoCA scores did not differ across administration method (F2F MoCA = 26.6, SD = 2.4; telehealth MoCA = 26.5, SD = 2.4). The 95% confidence interval for difference in administration was small (CI = −0.16 to 0.34). When examining MoCA domain scores, administration differences were either associated with no statistically significant effect, or if present due to large sample sizes, were associated with small effects and differences <0.5 point. Telehealth patients reported slightly lower PHQ‐8 scores (F2F PHQ‐8 = 2.0, SD = 2.5; telehealth PHQ‐8 = 1.6, SD = 2.1), although these scores are well within the normal range. No group difference in GAD‐7 scores was present (F2F GAD‐7 = 1.4, SD = 2.4; telehealth PHQ‐8 = 1.4, SD = 2.4).DiscussionThis report with its large sample size and between subject cohort provides complementary evidence to smaller test–retest studies, further supporting equivalence of MoCA telehealth testing to F2F MoCA administration. These findings provide additional reassurance that administration mode does not introduce systematic performance differences for MoCA test administration, thereby permitting telehealth MoCA testing to be applied confidently for both clinical and research applications.
Various aspects of the relationship between vitiligo and theCOVID‐19 pandemic orSARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines: Clinical pearls for dermatologists
Authors: Aryanian Zeinab , Balighi Kamran , Hatami Parvaneh , Goodarzi Azadeh , Janbakhsh Alireza , Afshar Zeinab Mohseni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has given rise to several new onset or exacerbated dermatologic disorders including vitiligo.Aim and MethodHere, we present different aspects of relationship between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or its associated vaccines and vitiligo and aim to provide solutions to overcome the potential challenges.Results and ConclusionIn brief, as the benefits overweigh the risks and since vaccine‐triggered de novo or flares of vitiligo are uncommon and benign, these patients are recommended to get SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines.Moreover, in individuals with previously recognized vitiligo, who are at risk of developing SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or those who are currently infected, special dermatologic consultation is needed in order to balance the immunosuppressive agents in their therapeutic regimen to prevent COVID‐related morbidity and mortality.
Combined microneedling with topical vitamin D3 or bimatoprost versus microneedling alone in the treatment of alopecia areata: A comparative randomized trial
Authors: Ali Mona S. , Hafiz Hala S. A. , Ahmed Naglaa A. , Galal Sara Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlopecia areata (AA) is a challenging disease with variable treatment outcomes. Hair follicles express vitamin D receptors. Therefore, vitamin D3 may be promising for AA treatment through immunomodulatory mechanisms. The efficacy of bimatoprost in scalp AA treatment was reported by few studies.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of microneedling (MN) with topical vitamin D3 versus MN with bimatoprost in comparison with MN alone in the treatment of localized AA.Patients and MethodsSeventy‐five patients with localized AA were divided into three groups. The first group: 25 patients were treated with MN alone. The second group: 25 patients treated with MN combined with topical vitamin D3. The third group: 25 patients treated with MN combined with bimatoprost solution. The response was evaluated clinically and dermoscopically.ResultsAt the end of the study, all groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the SALT score compared to the baseline. The clinical response (regrowth scale): vitamin D and bimatoprost groups showed a statistically significant higher regrowth scale compared to MN alone group (p‐value = 0.000). After treatment, hair regrowth was significantly higher in MN combined with bimatoprost than in MN combined with topical vitamin D3. However, after 3 months of follow‐up, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups. Side effects were mild and transient in all groups.ConclusionTopical vitamin D3 and bimatoprost combined with MN are safe and effective therapeutic options for localized AA.
Psychosocial and financial impact of facial hair among female patients of hirsutism: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pathania Yashdeep Singh , Budania Anil , Rafi Sahiba , Kumar Ashok 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLiterature on psychosocial impact, financial burden, and worry in hirsute females with facial hair is limited.ObjectiveTo assess psychosocial impact and financial burden, worry among females with hirsutism.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional, questionnaire based observational study, 50 females with hirsutism having facial hair were interviewed and provided with questionnaires examining the psychosocial impact and financial burden. Psychosocial impact in participants was assessed by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire, and the financial burden was evaluated using a composite financial burden score. Self‐reported financial worry was also calculated.ResultsA total of 50 completed DLQI surveys and financial burden surveys were taken for analysis. The mean DLQI of 50 hirsute females was 15.98 ± 5.79. The mean value of financial burden score was 0.98 ± 1.45, and financial worry was 1.5 ± 0.90. There were 16% of total hirsute females who commonly used trimming/ shaving and Laser therapy as a treatment modality followed by 12% females who did not use any treatment modality for their facial hair. There were 10% females who used waxing and followed by 6% who used a combination of waxing, trimming, and bleaching for managing facial hair. The financial burden impact of laser therapy was significant (p = 0.013) among all treatment modalities.ConclusionThe present study concludes that hirsutism poses a very large effect or psychosocial impact on hirsute females with a significant financial burden with laser therapy as compared to other treatment modalities.
Retracted: Is it possible to obtain long‐lasting results with thread lift in the brow region? Introduction of a new suspension technique and evaluation of 50 patients
Authors: Sahan Ali , Karaosmanoglu Nermin , Ozdemir Cetinkaya Pınar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEyebrow region is a dynamic region, and it has a thinner skin prone to wrinkles and sagging. Descended brows could be repositioned immediately with fewer complications by the use of the threads. Despite all its advantages, the main drawback of absorbable thread lift is its short duration of lifting effect.AimsThis report aims to describe our thread lift technique we have implemented to counteract the descent of the brows and evaluate our results in 50 patients.Patients/MethodsA retrospective chart review was carried out over a period of 1 year from September 2019 to 2020 for the patients who underwent thread lifting for eyebrows in a private clinic in Ankara. Complications after the procedure, durability of the results, global esthetic improvement scale (GAIS) score, and patient satisfaction survey scores were recorded.ResultsThe study group was composed of 50 female patients with a median age of 34 years. The median duration of the procedure is 15 months. Nine (18%) patients experienced complications related to the procedure including ecchymosis, edema, erythema, skin dimpling, and pain. Three weeks after the procedure, the position of the eyebrows of eight (16%) patients were improved, 18 (36%) patients were much improved, and 24 (48%) patients were very much improved according to GAIS.ConclusionsSo far, the most disappointing feature of the threads was the poor long‐term sustainability of the outcomes. Our thread lift technique for brows offers a significant improvement in the position of the eyebrows in a short time with decreased downtime. More importantly, it can be possible to improve the longevity of the results with this approach.