bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histidine Photooxygenation Chemistry: Mechanistic Evidence and Elucidation
Authors: Matsukawa Ryota , Yamane Mina , Kanai Motomu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHistidine photooxygenation has been the subject of extensive investigation for many years. The intricate nature of histidine distinguishes it from other amino acids, as its side chain readily undergoes changes in charge state and tautomerization in response to pH, and the polarity of the imidazole ring inverts upon oxidation. This complexity gives rise to a diverse range of oxidation products and mechanisms, posing challenges in their interpretation. This review aims to provide a thorough overview of the chemistry involved in histidine photooxygenation, encompassing a comprehensive analysis of resulting products, mechanisms engaged in their formation, and analytical techniques that have contributed to their identification. Additionally, it explores a wide range of applications stemming from this transformation, offering valuable insights into its practical implications in fields such as materials science, biomedical research, and drug development. By bridging the existing gap in literature, this review serves as a resource for understanding the intricacies of histidine photooxygenation and its diverse ramifications.
Multilingual Learners' Access to College: Students, School Counselors, and Institutional Doxa and Hysteresis
Authors: Jiang Lei , Harklau Linda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the substantive scholarship on secondary language education with multilingual learners (MLs) and growing body of work on MLs' postsecondary access, relatively few studies have examined the influence of educators other than classroom teachers such as high school counselors on MLs' academic outcomes. We report on a qualitative study comparing and contrasting college access beliefs and experiences of MLs with those of school counselors in one diverse school district in the southeastern U.S. Data come from mentoring sessions with students; interviews with school counselors; school documents; student record data; and student observations. ML and educator perceptions and behavior are interpreted through a Bourdieusian practice theory lens that sees college access as shaped by the interaction of student resources and dispositions with school social structures. In particular, we tap Bourdieusian notions of the role of institutional belief systems (or doxa) about college access to show how students negotiate discontinuities (or hysteresis) between their assumptions and beliefs and the new educational system they encounter. We find that despite counselors' best efforts, MLs faced significant challenges to college access. Implications are offered for how educational stakeholders can advocate for college‐bound MLs.
Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo‐oxidant pathways
Authors: Ozoani Harrison , Ezejiofor Anthonet N. , Okolo Kenneth O. , Orish Chinna N. , Cirovic Ana , Cirovic Aleksandar , Orisakwe Orish E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeavy metals (HM) are believed to be injurious to humans. Man is exposed to them on daily basis unknowingly, with no acceptable protocol to manage its deleterious effects. These metals occur as mixture of chemicals with varying concentrations in our atmosphere. There are growing calls for the use of essential metals in mitigating the injurious effects induced by heavy metals exposure to man; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of essential metals (Zinc and Selenium) in a mixture of heavy metal toxicity. In this study, except for negative controls, all other groups were treated with lead (PbCl2, 20 mg kg−1); cadmium (CdCl2, 1.61 mg kg−1); mercury (HgCl2, 0.40 mg kg−1), and arsenic (NaAsO3, 10 mg kg−1) that were formed in distilled water. Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were administered as mixtures to 35, 6 weeks old rats weighing between 80 to 100 g for 60 days. Group I served as normal control without treatment, group II positive control received HM mixture, while groups III to V received HMM with Zn, Se, and Zn + Se respectively. Animal and liver weights, HM accumulation in the liver, food intake (FI), water intake (WI), liver function test, malondialdehyde (MDA), and inflammatory/transcription factor/apoptosis markers were checked. Also, antioxidant enzymes, and histological studies were carried out. Metal mixture accumulated in the liver and caused toxicities which were ameliorated by Zn and Se administration. HM caused significant decrease in FI, WI and distorted the level of liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory markers, antioxidants and architecture of the liver. Co administration with Zn or Se or both reversed the distortions. This study lays credence to the evolving research on the public health implications of low dose metal mixtures and the possible ameliorative properties of Zn and Se.
Exploring the mechanism of lung injury induced by lunar dust simulant in rats based on metabolomic analysis
Authors: Gu Chen , Yin Yuhang , Sun Yan , Liu Jinguo , Li Xiongyao , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInflammatory response and oxidative stress are considered to be important mechanisms of lung injury induced by lunar dust. However, the pulmonary toxicological mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, Wistar rats were exposed to CLDS‐i 7 days/week, 4 h/day, for 4 weeks in the mouth and nose. Lung tissue samples were collected for histopathological analysis and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Enzyme activities and expression levels of key metabolic enzymes were detected by biochemical analysis and real‐time PCR. The pathological features of lung tissue showed that CLDS‐i caused congestion and inflammation in the lungs, and the lung structure was severely damaged. Metabolomics analysis showed that 141 metabolites were significantly changed in the lung tissue of the CLDS‐i group compared with the control group. Combined with Kegg pathway analysis, it was found that the changes of amino acid metabolites were involved in these pathways, indicating that the simulated lunar dust exposure had the most obvious effect on amino acid metabolism in the lung tissue of rats. Real‐time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA expression of six key enzymes related to amino acid metabolism was changed, and the enzyme activities of these key enzymes were also changed, which were consistent with the results of qPCR. These results suggest that changes in amino acid metabolism may be closely related to the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by lunar dust, and amino acid metabolism may be a potential biomarker of lung diseases related to lunar dust exposure.
Development of biobased plasticizers with synergistic effects of plasticization, thermal stabilization, and migration resistance: A review
Authors: Han Yu , Weng Yunxuan , Zhang Caili 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlasticizers are widely used in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic starch (TPS), and other modified powder materials to enhance the flowability, flexibility, and processability of macromolecules. Because of the reprotoxicity of phthalates in animals and humans, certain phthalates have recently been banned in the United States and Europe. Biobased plasticizers from green biomass–derived renewable resources with low toxicity are expected to be a substitute for phthalates. Among a variety of newly developed biobased monomers, cardanol, and isosorbide are the two most promising materials because of their unique structural features. This review summarizes the research progress of cardanol‐ and isosorbide‐based plasticizers with synergistic effects of plasticization, thermal stabilization, and anti‐migration. By summarizing and analyzing the relationship between molecular structure of plasticizer and plasticizing performance, this review can provide theoretical guidance for future research on the design of isosorbide‐ and cardanol‐based plasticizers.Highlights
Biobased plasticizers with low toxicity are expected to replace certain phthalates.
The plasticizing effect of single biobased plasticizer is not good.
Biobased plasticizer with synergistic effects is required.
There exists the trade‐off effect between the molecular weight and the compatibility.
Epoxidized isosorbide ester can be used as a heat stabilizer.
Fatal avian pox in a backyard flock of domestic ducks in Bangladesh
Authors: Pervin Munmun , Ferdausi Tangila , Miyuu Tanaka , Izawa Takeshi , Kuwamura Mitsuru , Parvin Rokshana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis case study describes a fatal avian pox outbreak in a backyard flock of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in Bangladesh. A total of six ducks of varying ages were affected and presented with solid tumour‐like masses on the legs. A 6.5‐month‐old female duck was presented for clinical examination, and a 2 cm3 solid, nodular mass was surgically excised from the left leg. Histopathological examination of the tumour mass revealed marked epidermal hyperplasia with ballooning degeneration and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, as well as severe proliferation and necrotising dermatitis, with marked heterophilic and histiocytic infiltration. Electron microscopy revealed numerous dumbbell‐shaped virus particles within the intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies on degenerating keratinocytes, confirming Avipoxvirus infection. This is the first case report of avian pox in ducks in Bangladesh.
Detecting electrochemical changes in a nickel–zinc battery by operando x‐ray computed‐tomography analysis during charge–discharge tests
Authors: Kohmoto Daichi , Miyazaki Kohei , Morita Masahito , Fukuda Katsutoshi , Abe Takeshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study developed a method to detect and analyze deterioration in sections of a battery during charge–discharge tests in real time. This method is based on a time‐series analysis using x‐ray computed tomography, three‐dimensional reconstruction of the battery volume, and unsupervised machine learning. The developed method detects not only electrochemical changes in a battery through the conventional voltage‐capacity diagram but also physical changes such as the deterioration of the parts of a battery that cannot be found via human inspection directly from the sliced images of the three‐dimensional reconstructed volumes. Furthermore, the characteristics of these changes inside a battery can be captured through precise analysis using persistent homology, a mathematical machinery, at degrees 0 and 1. This demonstrates that our method can capture both continuous and discrete structural changes (e.g., a continuous deformation of active materials and compounds that are precipitated randomly in the electrolytes) within a battery. As a by‐product, the start of the venting system implemented near the anode of a battery can be detected using the method from a specific cycle during the charge–discharge tests.
BaCu2SiS4: A New Member of the AIIBI2MIVQ4 Chalcogenide Family with a Chiral Crystal Structure
Authors: Sarkar Arka , Viswanathan Gayatri , Wu Kui , Miller Gordon J. , Kovnir Kirill 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNoncentrosymmetric ternary and quaternary chalcogenides are studied as promising nonlinear optical (NLO) materials in the mid‐infrared region. Here, we report the synthesis of a new material BaCu2SiS4 in the AIIBI2MIVQ4 family (A=divalent metal; B=monovalent metal; M=tetrel, Q=chalcogen), and discuss its crystal structure, thermal stability, optical behavior, and electronic structure. BaCu2SiS4 crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric chiral space group P3221 with lattice parameters a=6.1440(3) Å, c=15.3542(8) Å, V=501.95(6) Å3, Z=3. The structure features helical channels formed by corner‐sharing [CuS4] and [SiS4] tetrahedral units. Synthesis was carried out in a molten salt flux, as opposed to a traditional solid‐state route from elements, to minimize the formation of a competing ternary phase, Ba2SiS4. BaCu2SiS4 is a semiconductor with an experimentally‐determined direct bandgap of ~2.2 eV. The material exhibits second harmonic generation (SHG) activity, confirming the noncentrosymmetric nature of the structure. Analysis of reported AIIBI2MIVQ4 crystal structures pointed out a correlation among potential structure types and the radii of the constituent elements. Total energy calculations were carried out to explore the relative stability of several reported crystal structures in this family of compounds.
Administration
Authors: Mendes Felipe Cardeneti , Sarna Piotr , Emelyanov Pavel , Dunlop Cynthia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA database’s automated admin operations work to keep things tight and tidy behind the scenes, but a level of supervision is required. Databases don’t know your business and could very naively decide to execute resource-intensive admin operations at what’s actually a performance-critical time. This final chapter details how common admin operations tend to impact performance. It covers the nature and severity of representative impacts and offers some tips on how you might mitigate them.
Your Project, Through the Lens of Database Performance
Authors: Mendes Felipe Cardeneti , Sarna Piotr , Emelyanov Pavel , Dunlop Cynthia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe specific database performance constraints and optimization opportunities your team will face vary wildly based on your specific workload, application, and business expectations. This chapter is designed to get you and your team talking about how much you can feasibly optimize your performance, spotlight some specific lessons related to common situations, and also help you set realistic expectations if you’re saddled with burdens like large payload sizes and strict consistency requirements. The chapter starts by looking at technical factors, such as the read/write ratio of your workload, item size/type, and so on. Then, it shifts over to business considerations like consistency requirements and high availability expectations. Throughout, the chapter talks about database attributes that have proven to be helpful—or limiting—in different contexts.
Database Drivers
Authors: Mendes Felipe Cardeneti , Sarna Piotr , Emelyanov Pavel , Dunlop Cynthia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDatabases usually expose a specific communication protocol for their users. This protocol is the foundation of communication between clients and servers, so it’s often well-documented and has a formal specification. Some databases, like PostgreSQL, implement their own binary format on top of the TCP/IP stack. Others, like Amazon DynamoDB, build theirs on top of HTTP, which is a little more verbose, but also more versatile and compatible with web browsers. It’s also not uncommon to see a database exposing a protocol based on gRPC or any other well-established framework.
Benchmarking
Authors: Mendes Felipe Cardeneti , Sarna Piotr , Emelyanov Pavel , Dunlop Cynthia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe won’t sugarcoat it: database benchmarking is hard. There are many moving parts and nuances to consider and manage—and a bit of homework is required to really see what a database is capable of and measure it properly. It’s not easy to properly generate system load to reflect your real-life scenarios. It’s often not obvious how to correctly measure and analyze the end results. And after extracting benchmarking results, you need to be able to read them, understand potential performance bottlenecks, analyze potential performance improvements, and possibly dive into other issues. You need to make your benchmarking results meaningful, ensure they are easily reproducible, and also be able to clearly explain these results to your team and other interested parties in a way that reflects your business needs. There’s also hard mathematics involved: statistics and queueing theory to help with black boxes and measurements, not to mention domain-specific knowledge of the system internals of the servers, platforms, operating systems, and the software running on it.
Neoliberalism and Social Investment: Paving the Way for Medicalization and Psychologization
Authors: Ariaans Mareike , Reibling Nadine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, Ariaans and Reibling outline how the medicalization and psychologization of social problems in recent decades must be viewed in the context of how contemporary welfare states have been transformed through neoliberal and social investment ideas. Both policy paradigms have shaped social policy discourses and reform agendas since the 1980s. While medicalization and psychologization are not commonly conceived as being integral to these paradigms, medical and psychological ideas, institutions, and actors have been part of the impact of medicalization and psychologization on the welfare state. Drawing on their empirical results from the previous chapters, the authors reveal how medicalization and psychologization have both been intentionally integrated into these paradigms and how they represent unintended consequences of neoliberal and social investment discourses and reforms.
Concurrent Hyperproperties
Authors: Finkbeiner Bernd , Olderog Ernst-Rüdiger 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTrace properties, which are sets of execution traces, are often used to analyze systems, but their expressiveness is limited. Clarkson and Schneider defined hyperproperties as a generalization of trace properties to sets of sets of traces. Typical applications of hyperproperties are found in information flow security. We introduce an analogous definition of concurrent hyperproperties, by generalizing traces to concurrent traces, which we define as partially ordered multisets. We take Petri nets as the basic semantic model. Concurrent traces are formalized via causal nets. To check concurrent hyperproperties, we define may and must testing of sets of concurrent traces in the style of DeNicola and Hennessy, using the parallel composition of Petri nets. In our approach, we thus distinguish nondeterministic and concurrent behavior. We discuss examples where concurrent hyperproperties are needed.
Klein–Gordon–Maxwell Equations Driven by Mixed Local–Nonlocal Operators
Authors: Cangiotti Nicolò , Caponi Maicol , Maione Alberto , Vitillaro Enzo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClassical results concerning Klein–Gordon–Maxwell type systems are shortly reviewed and generalized to the setting of mixed local–nonlocal operators, where the nonlocal one is allowed to be nonpositive definite according to a real parameter. In this paper, we provide a range of parameter values to ensure the existence of solitary (standing) waves, obtained as Mountain Pass critical points for the associated energy functionals in two different settings, by considering two different classes of potentials: constant potentials and continuous, bounded from below, and coercive potentials.
On phantom publics, clusters, and collectives: be(com)ing subject in algorithmic times
Authors: Petersmann Marie , Van Den Meerssche Dimitri 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article starts from the observation that practices of ‘algorithmic governmentality’ or ‘governance by data’ are reconfiguring modes of social relationality and collectivity. By building, first, on an empirical exploration of digital bordering practices, we qualify these emergent algorithmic categories as ‘clusters’—pulsing patterns distilled from disaggregated data. As fluid, modular, and ever-emergent forms of association, these ‘clusters’ defy stable expressions of collective representation and social recognition. Second, we observe that this empirical analysis resonates with accounts that diagnosed algorithmic governance as a threat to legal subjectivity and socio-political cohesion, and called for a reinvigoration of democratic values and their re-alignment with new ‘infrastructural publics’. Against this backdrop, however, we explore alternatives avenues of legal imagination by pushing in a different (somewhat opposite) direction. Against the re-inscription of liberal categories, we linger with the promise and prospect of illegibility as resistance against the foreclosure of future potentialities in algorithmic forms of subject-making. Instead of falling back on the projection of autonomous human agency and liberal subjectivity to counteract the ‘cluster’, we imagine emancipatory expressions of resistance that are enacted through fugitive, opaque, and experimental collectivities.
Virulence of Beauveria sp. and Metarhizium sp. fungi towards fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)
Authors: Apirajkamol Nonthakorn , Hogarty Timothy Michael , Mainali Bishwo , Taylor Phillip Warren , Walsh Thomas Kieran , Tay Wee Tek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of effective pest management strategies for Spodoptera frugiperda is a high priority for crop protection across its invasive ranges. Here, we examined six Beauveria and five Metarhizium fungal isolates against this pest. Two Beauveria isolates (B-0571, B-1311) induced high mortality toward 3rd and 6th instar caterpillars and adults. For B-0571 mortality was 82.81 ± 5.75%, 61.46 ± 6.83%, and 93.75 ± 3.61%, and 73.72 ± 2.51%, 71.88 ± 5.41%, and 97.92 ± 2.08% for B-1311, with deaths in caterpillars largely occurring under 24 h (3rd instar control 0.74 ± 0.33%, B-0571 73.96 ± 7.85% and B-1311 62.08 ± 3.67%; 6th instar control 0%, B-0571 66.67% ± 11.02% and B-1311 62.5% ± 9.55%). Infection from both Beauveria isolates fully prevented reproduction in surviving S. frugiperda females. In contrast, all five Metarhizium isolates tested and the remaining four Beauveria isolates exhibited lower virulence. The discovery of two highly virulent Beauveria fungal isolates to S. frugiperda opens avenues to develop novel biological control tools against this highly invasive pest.
Heat band, rain band and heat low migration: process-based evaluation of some CMIP6 GCMs over West Africa
Authors: Annor Thompson , Ackon Apphia Tetteh , James Rachel , Dyer Ellen , Webb Thomas , Pokam Wilfried Mba , Kuete Gouandjo Giresse , Washington Richard , Abiodun Babatunde J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate model evaluation presents a crucial pathway into the investigation of the simulation of future climate. It presents the only lens through which the future states of the climate of the planet can be explored. In this study, reference datasets including reanalysis products have been used to demonstrate the climatological annual migration of the West African Monsoon System (WAMS) in three components, namely, the West African Heat Low (WAHL), the West African Heat Band (WAHB) and the West African Rain Band (WARB). We have used 8 Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to assess how the models represent the climatological annual migration of these three features over the same domain for the same period. The results show close linkages between the WAHL, WAHB and the WARB as signature components of the WAMS in their climatological annual dynamics. All three features migrate from the south (with the minimum intensities) in January to the north (with the maximum intensities) in August over the region. The GCMs represent the climatological annual dynamics of all three features to some extent. However, in most of the models analysed the WAHL is too weak, and the WAHB and WARB are located too far south. Insights from this study can be beneficial for investigations of the future state of the WAMS. Also, development of models for the region should target the improved simulation of these features, specifically the intensity of the WAHL, and the locations of the WAHB and WARB.