bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome and its association with studying medicine, a cross-sectional study in Al-Baath University, Syria
Authors: Daher Mohanad , Abbas¹ Sara , Asaad¹ Zainab , Khalil¹ Karam , Jadid² Ghania 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence rate of Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome among Al-Baath University students and find out whether studying medicine has an association with a higher prevalence rate.
Methods
The participants of this observational cross-sectional study were students aged 18 to 30 years from Al-Baath University. A structured self-estimated electronic questionnaire developed by Google Forms was distributed using social media platforms from 15 February to 15 March, 2023. We used The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2016 and Fibromyalgia Rapid Screening Tool (FiRST) criteria to assess the prevalence rate of Fibromyalgia. We used The ROME IV criteria to asses Irritable Bowel Syndrome prevalence rate.
Results
The final sample size was 800 individuals. The prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the study population was 26.8%. Overall, IBS-Constipation was the most common subtype and the prevalence rate was higher among medical students (14%) compared to other colleges (12.8%) (p = 0.002). The difference in Irritable Bowel Syndrome prevalence between males and females was (9.3% vs 17.5%, p = 0.283), but this did not reach the statistical significance. The prevalence of Fibromyalgia according to The American college of Rheumatology in the study population was 3.6%. Females had higher prevalence rate than males (3.1% vs 0.5%, p = 0.007). The prevalence of Fibromyalgia was also higher in other colleges compared to medicine (2.3% vs 1.4%, p = 0.547), but this did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion
We found an increased prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome among medical students. The prevalence of FM did not show any relation to studying medicine. We recommend additional prospective studies to assess whether studying medicine could be a risk factor for these disorders or not.
Optimization of traffic management with prescribed quality for information and telecommunication critical networks
Authors: Lavrut Oleksandr , Hrabchak Volodymyr , Lavrut Tetyana , Chahan Yurii , Nastishin Yuriy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, the development of communication and management systems for governmental entities shows a steady trend towards comprehensive modernization, reequipment of units with the newest means of communication, and the transition to modern digital technologies. The article proposes ways to optimize traffic management by developing a method of control of information flows with a guaranteed quality control of transmission in the mobile component of the communication system. We demonstrate that within the framework of tensor analysis of networks, there is a possibility of simultaneous studies of the system's structure and the processes of information exchange that take place in it, preserving the integrity of the consideration. The proposed method of dynamic control of information flows with the control of transmission quality indices in the critical information and telecommunications network based on the tensor analysis can be employed in both normal and critical conditions. Performed calculations reveal that the proposed approach to the modeling of critical telecommunication networks improves key indicators in comparison with those obtained with the previously known models and ensures the nominal value of network quality indicators, even after failure or loss of some structural elements of the network.
Metanil yellow as commercial and environmentally friendly inhibitor against corrosion of mild steel in molar hydrochloric acid medium
Authors: Amri Nabil , Kadiri Mariya , About Said , Mesky Mohammed El , Zgueni Hicham , Mabrouk El houssine , Amal Rajae , Sfira Mouhcine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The ability of the readily available, non-toxic substance metanil yellow (MJ) to stop mild steel from corroding in a solution of 1 M HCl. Potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods were used during the experimental portion. The findings show that Metanil yellow is an effective corrosion inhibitor in acidic media, with a value of 94.22% at a low concentration of 3.10− 4 M. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations supported these findings. Different isotherm models (Langmuir, Frumkin, Temkin, and Freudlich) did a good job of simulating the adsorption behavior of this inhibitor. The theoretical portion was completed using the Gaussian 09 program and DFT at the B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) level and Monte Carlo simulations. The conclusions drawn from the experimental data are well correlated with the findings from theory.
Designing energy-conserving surrogate models for the coupled,non-linear responses of intervertebral discs
Authors: Hammer Maria , Wenzel Tizian , Santin Gabriele , Meszaros-Beller Laura , Little Judith Paige , Haasdonk Bernard , Schmitt Syn 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to design physics-preserving and precise surrogate models of the non-linear elastic behaviour of an intervertebral disc (IVD). Based on artificial force-displacement data sets from detailed finite element (FE) disc models, weused greedy kernel and polynomial approximations of second, third and fourth order to train surrogate models for the scalar force-torque-potential. Doing so, the resulting models of the elastic IVD responses ensured the conservation of mechanical energy through their structure. At the sametime, they were capable of predicting disc forces for the full physiological range of motion andfor the coupling of all six degrees of freedom of an intervertebral joint. The performance of allsurrogate models for a subject-specific L4|5 disc geometry was evaluated both on training and test data obtained from uncoupled (one-dimensional), weakly coupled (two-dimensional),and random movement trajectories in the entire six-dimensional (6d) physiological displacement range, as well as on synthetic kinematic data. We observed highest precisions for the kernel surrogate followed by the fourth order polynomial model. Both clearly outperformed the second order polynomial model which is equivalent to the commonly used stiffness matrix in neuro-musculoskeletal simulations.Hence, the proposed model architectures have the potential to improve the accuracy, and, therewith, validity of load predictions in neuro-musculoskeletal spine models.
Unpaired Document Image Denoising for OCR using BiLSTM enhanced CycleGAN
Authors: Singh Katyani , Tata Ganesh , Oeveren Eric Van , Ray Nilanjan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The recognition performance of optical character recognition (OCR) models can be sub-optimal when document images suffer from various degradations. Supervised deep learning methods for image enhancement can generate high-quality enhanced images. However, these methods demand the availability of corresponding clean images or ground truth text. Sometimes this requirement is difficult to fulfill for real-world noisy documents. For instance, it can be challenging to create paired noisy/clean training datasets or obtain ground truth text for noisy point-of-sale receipts and invoices. Unsupervised methods have been explored in recent years to enhance images in the absence of ground truth images or text. However, these methods focus on enhancing natural scene images. In the case of document images, preserving the readability of text in the enhanced images is of utmost importance for improved OCR performance. In this work, we propose a modified architecture to the CycleGAN model to improve its performance in enhancing document images with better text preservation. Inspired by the success of CNN-BiLSTM combination networks in text recognition models, we propose modifying the discriminator network in the CycleGAN model to a combined CNN-BiLSTM network for better feature extraction from document images during classification by the discriminator network. Results indicate that our proposed model not only leads to better preservation of text and improved OCR performance over the CycleGAN model but also achieves better performance than the classical unsupervised image pre-processing techniques like Sauvola and Otsu.
A pangenome graph reference of 30 chicken genomes allows genotyping of large and complex structural variants
Authors: Rice Edward S. , Alberdi Antton , Alfieri James , Athrey Giridhar , Balacco Jennifer R. , Bardou Philippe , Blackmon Heath , Charles Mathieu , Cheng Hans H. , Fedrigo Olivier , Fiddaman Steven R. , Formenti Giulio , Frantz Laurent , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Hearn Cari J. , Jarvis Erich D. , Klopp Christophe , Marcos Sofia , Velez-Irizarry Deborah , Xu Luohao , Warren Wesley C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background. The red junglefowl, the wild progenitor of domestic chickens, has historically served as a reference for genomic studies of domestic chickens. These studies have provided insight into the etiology of traits of commercial importance. However, the use of a single reference genome does not capture diversity present among modern breeds, many of which have accumulated molecular changes due to drift and selection. While reference-based resequencing is well-suited to cataloging simple variants such as single nucleotide changes and short insertions and deletions, it is mostly inadequate to discover more complex structural variation in the genome.
Results. We present a pangenome for the domestic chicken consisting of thirty assemblies of chickens from different breeds and research lines. We demonstrate how this pangenome can be used to catalog structural variants present in modern breeds and untangle complex nested variation. We show that alignment of short reads from 100 diverse wild and domestic chickens to this pangenome reduces reference bias by 38%, which affects downstream genotyping results. This approach also allows for the accurate genotyping of a large and complex pair of structural variants at the K ‘feathering’ locus using short reads, which would not be possible using a linear reference.
Conclusions. We expect that this new paradigm of genomic reference will allow better pinpointing of exact mutations responsible for specific phenotypes, which will in turn be necessary for breeding chickens that meet new sustainability criteria and are resilient to quickly evolving pathogen threats.
Über einige Ruderalpflanzengesellschaften von Verkehrsanlagen im Kölner Raum
Authors: Brandes Dietmar 
Published: June 2023

Bei Untersuchungen der Vegetation von Verkehrsanlagen werden 1979 die folgenden Pflanzengesellschaften erstmals für den Kölner Raum nachgewiesen und mit Aufnahmen belegt: Saxifrago tridactylitis-Poetum compressae; Cardaria draba-Gesellschaft; Sagino-Bryetum argentei, Variante von Eragrostis minor; Polygono — Matricarietum matricarioidis; Parietaria officinalis-Saumgesellschaft. Die ökologischen Ansprüche und die geographische Verbreitung der Gesellschaften werden kurz diskutiert. Besonderes Gewicht wird auf das sich neuerdings in den Städten ausdehnende Urtico-Malvetum neglectae gelegt.
Waffenfliegen (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) im Alt-Rheinbogen der Urdenbacher Kämpe bei Düsseldorf
Authors: Ssymank Axel , Krause Tobias 
Published: June 2023

In den Jahren 2002 und 2003 wurden im Naturschutzgebiet „Urdenbacher Kämpe“, einem Altrheinarm bei Düsseldorf (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Deutschland) Untersuchungen zu Waffenfliegen (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) mit Farbschalen (n = 323) und Direktbeobachtungen (n = 425) durchgeführt. Die Urdenbacher Kämpe ist eine der letzten episodisch überschwemmten Auenbereiche am Niederrhein mit den größten erhaltenen naturnahen Hartholzauwaldresten und artenreichen extensiven frischen und feuchten Mähwiesen. Von 66 in Deutschland bekannten Waffenfliegenarten konnten im Gebiet 14 Arten, sowie eine Art der verwandten Familie Xylomyidae nachgewiesen werden. Die lokale Fauna wird von Odontomyia tigrina (Fabricius, 1775) stark dominiert (über 80 % der Farbschalenfänge und der Direktbeobachtungen). Sie besiedelt v.a. die nässesten unteren Bereiche der Feuchtwiesen und die schlammigen Gewässerufer und Flutmulden des Urdenbacher Altrheins, die im Sommer teilweise austrocknen können. Odontomyia tigrina zeigte eine ausgeprägte Präferenz für Ranunculus repens beim Blütenbesuch. Weitere wichtige Pflanzenarten für blütenbesuchende Waffenfliegen waren Euphorbia palustris und Rorippa amphibia. Darüber hinaus wurden bei Einzelnachweisen aus den Jahren 1999 bis 2003 noch zwei weitere Arten im übrigen Stadtgebiet von Düsseldorf erbracht.
Bienenzönose (Hymenoptera, Apiformes) des Naturschutzgebietes "Kiesgrube Dünstekoven" bei Bonn
Authors: Hamm Andreé , Schindler Matthias 
Published: June 2023

Insgesamt wurden im Naturschutzgebiet „Dünstekoven“ 85 Wildbienenarten nachgewiesen. Etwa die Hälfte der erfassten Arten nistet hypogäisch, z. B. in Steilwänden oder Abbruchkanten. Insgesamt elf Bienenarten werden in der Roten Liste der gefährdeten Arten von Rheinland-Pfalz geführt. Zu den faunistisch bemerkenswerten Arten zählen Anthophora aestivalis, Osmia aurulenta, Osmia brevicornis und Stelis phaeoptera. Da das Naturschutzgebiet „Dünstekoven“ ein artenreiches Trachtpflanzenangebot und aufgrund seiner Strukturvielfalt zahlreiche Nisthabitate aufweist, ist es in besonderem Maße als Lebensraum für Wildbienen geeignet.
Friedhöfe als Refugium für seltene Arten und Startplatz für Neophyten
Authors: Tillich Hans-Jürgen 
Published: June 2023

Auf 53 Friedhöfen im südlichen Westerwald wurde die für diese Standorte typische Flora erfasst, Unter den die Friedhöfe kennzeichnenden Arten dominiert Oxalis corniculata, in der Häufigkeit gefolgt von Euphorhia maculata und Portulaca oleracea. Daneben finden einige im Gebiet seltene oder außerhalb der Friedhöfe völlig fehlende Ackerunkräuter letzte Möglichkeiten zum Überleben, darunter Euphorbia exigua, Sherardia arvensis, Veronica opaca, V. peregrina und V. polita. Die Ausbreitungs- bzw. Überlebenschanchen werden kurz diskutiert.
Bienenzönose (Hymenoptera, Apiformes) des ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatzes "Dellbrücker Heide" in Köln
Authors: Wieland Janos , Schindler Matthias 
Published: June 2023

Auf dem ehemaligen Truppenübungsplatz Dellbrücker Heide in Köln wurden 73 Wildbienenarten nachgewiesen. Etwa 23% der Arten werden auf der Roten Liste Nordrhein-Westfalens geführt. Mehr als ein Viertel der nachgewiesenen Wildbienen sind an sandige Nistsubstrate gebunden. Zu den faunistisch bemerkenswerten Arten zählen Epeolus cruciger, Lasioglossum limbellum, Hylaeus variegatus und Hylaeus angustatus. Die Dellbrücker Heide hat aufgrund der Präsenz selten gewordener Biotoptypen wie Sandmagerrasen und Heiden, sowie der hohen Vielfalt unterschiedlicher Habitate auf engem Raum eine bedeutende Funktion als Lebensraum für Wildbienen. Pflegemaßnahmen sind in Zukunft nötig, um die Offenlandbiotope und damit eine hohe Wildbienendiversität zu erhalten.
Revisiting the genesis of the adakite-like granitoids in collisional zones: Water-fluxed melting of intermediate to felsic rocks with dilution by low Sr/Y phases
Authors: Xie Yuan-Hui , Schwartz Joshua J. , Li Xiao-Wei , Cai Keda , Thomas Bader , Li Huan , Wang Fang-Yue , Zhang Xiao-Bing , Mo Xuan-Xue , Dong Guo-Chen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
High-Sr/Y granitoids in continental settings are sometimes erroneously regarded as the products derived from partial melting of thickened/delaminated mafic lower curst under relatively higher pressures (&gt;1.5 GPa) in a collisional orogenic setting. In fact, multiple magmatic processes in the trans-crustal magma system, such as recycling of antecrysts, crustal assimilation, and fractional crystallization, can create or modify the primary “adakitic” signature. As a result, the generation of adakitic magmas in continental settings remains controversial from a bulk-rock perspective. Here, we address the origin of adakitic plutonic rocks through geochemical and textural characterization of rock-forming minerals in the pyroxene-bearing Zhuyuan granodiorite, West Qinling, China. The Zhuyuan granodiorite formed in a post-collisional setting and primarily consists of resorbed orthopyroxene, three types of clinopyroxene, amphibole, two types of plagioclases, K-feldspar, biotite, and quartz. Type-1 Cpx has high XMg (70.0–81.7). Type-2 Cpx displays normal zoning and decreasing XMg (80.9 to 71.5) from the core to rim. Type-3 Cpx is reversely zoned, where the rims have higher XMg (75.5–86.9), Ni, Cr, suggesting a recharge event. Orthopyroxene has high-Ni and -Cr contents, as well as high XMg (80.9–82.8), indicative of antecrysts that grew in mafic magma reservoirs. The injection of magmas from different sources is supported by sieve-textured plagioclase and crystal size distributions of non-poikilitic amphibole. Finally, non-sieve textured plagioclase, biotite, K-feldspar, and quartz are late-crystallized phases, indicative of an orthocrystic origin. The melts in equilibrium with these orthocrysts display significantly higher Sr/Y values than the magma batches that crystallized other mafic phases (i.e., amphibole, clinopyroxene, and orthopyroxene). Thus, we propose that the system involved an initial high-Sr/Y melts in equilibrium with the orthocryst assemblage was generated by water-fluxed melting of intermediate to felsic sources. The addition of low Sr/Y non-orthocrysts (e.g., amphibole and pyroxene) and associated melt diluted the original “adakitic signal” in the magma reservoir and drove the bulk composition to more mafic values. Consequently, the Zhuyuan pyroxene-bearing granodiorite represents a mixture of crystals with diverse origins and distinct magma batches of various compositions (from felsic to mafic compositions). Our study emphasizes that the origin of adakitic granitoids cannot be clearly deciphered without geochemical analysis of the constituent minerals. We also suggest that Sr/Y values in plutons should be cautiously used in paleo-crustal thickness estimates in collisional settings because of possible open system scenarios as described here.
Mineralogy of the 1.45 Ga Wafangzi manganese deposit in North China: Implications for pulsed Mesoproterozoic oxygenation events
Authors: Yan Hao , Xu Lingang , Mao Jingwen , Tang Dongjie , Yang Xiuqing , Bai Yinzeng , Li Chao , Konhauser Kurt O. , Robbins Leslie J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ancient manganese (Mn) deposits are primarily characterized by the presence of Mn(II) carbonates that likely formed by the diagenetic reduction of precursor Mn(IV) oxides. As such, Precambrian sedimentary Mn deposits have been used as a line of evidence for the evolution of oxygen in Earth’s surface environments. However, recent studies have shown that these Mn(II)-carbonates have the ability to directly accumulate within anoxic water columns, where free oxygen does not play a role in their formation. This alternative pathway casts uncertainty on the robustness of using ancient Mn deposits to constrain the redox fabric of the past marine water columns. Here, we investigate the Wafangzi Mn and Fe ore deposit from the 1.45 billion-year-old Tieling Formation, North China. The deposit contains Mn(II, III) mineral phases (hausmannite, braunite) as inclusions, or unreacted residues, trapped within Mn(II) carbonate (Ca-rhodochrosite). Some nodules and oolites of Mn(II) and Fe(II)-carbonate phases are also present and display a banded structure with concentric rings. Mn(III) oxide (manganite) is present in a paragenetic assemblage along with hematite and replacement textures with braunite. The negative carbon isotope composition (δ13C, –7‰ to –4‰) from Mn(II) carbonate samples in the Wafangzi Mn deposit which are distinct from that of contemporaneous seawater (~0‰), along with petrographic and speciation analyses, collectively suggest that the Mn(II, III)- and Fe(II)-bearing mineral phases formed through the diagenetic reduction of primary Mn(IV)/Fe(III) minerals coupled to the oxidation of organic matter. Therefore, the Wafangzi Mn deposit suggests the presence of sufficiently oxygenated marine waters, overlying anoxic ferruginous deeper waters with a transitional manganous water layer that could have driven the redox cycling of Mn, Fe, and C. Given the contemporaneous economic Mn deposits in the 1.45 Ga Ullawarra Formation in Western Australia, our findings imply the existence of a transient, and perhaps widespread, pulsed oxygenation event in the mid-Proterozoic oceans.
Building a business case for workplace menstrual hygiene management programs: a social cost–benefit analysis
Authors: Eaton Jacob C. , Bronsard Michelle , Radin Mark , Kaunda Christopher , Avni Michal , Krishna Aditi , Kincaid Mary 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Inadequate menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) pose a great challenge for working women, affecting their productivity, job satisfaction, attendance, and advancement, and also have implications for their employers. Yet there has been little research to quantify the impacts of poor MHH conditions or to consider the value add of workplace MHH programs. As part of USAID's Water Sanitation and Hygiene Partnerships for Learning and Sustainability project, we conducted a social cost–benefit analysis (CBA) of the Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) in the Workplace Action Research, a 10-month intervention in private sector enterprises in Nepal and Kenya. The intervention aimed to determine if providing adequate MHM in the workplace contributes to women's economic empowerment, including improved business and social outcomes. This CBA of a workplace MHM intervention – the first of its kind – found a positive return for investing in workplace MHM programs. The average benefit–cost ratio in the base-case across factories in a 10-month intervention was 1.4, which increased to 2.3 when projected over 24 months. These early results of a pilot CBA on MHM in the workplace should serve as a call for greater attention by governments and businesses to the needs of menstruating women.
Magnetosomes as Potential Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Alsharedeh Rawan , Alshraiedeh Nid’a , Aljabali Alaa A. , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTBs) and their organelles, magnetosomes, are intriguing options
that might fulfill the criteria of using bacterial magnetosomes (BMs). The ferromagnetic crystals contained
in BMs can condition the magnetotaxis of MTBs, which is common in water storage facilities.
This review provides an overview of the feasibility of using MTBs and BMs as nanocarriers in cancer
treatment. More evidence suggests that MTBs and BMs can be used as natural nanocarriers for conventional
anticancer medicines, antibodies, vaccine DNA, and siRNA. In addition to improving the stability
of chemotherapeutics, their usage as transporters opens the possibilities for the targeted delivery of
single ligands or combinations of ligands to malignant tumors. Magnetosome magnetite crystals are
different from chemically made magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) because they are strong single-magnetic
domains that stay magnetized even at room temperature. They also have a narrow size range and a uniform
crystal morphology. These chemical and physical properties are essential for their usage in biotechnology
and nanomedicine. Bioremediation, cell separation, DNA or antigen regeneration, therapeutic
agents, enzyme immobilization, magnetic hyperthermia, and contrast enhancement of magnetic resonance
are just a few examples of the many uses for magnetite-producing MTB, magnetite magnetosomes,
and magnetosome magnetite crystals. From 2004 to 2022, data mining of the Scopus and Web
of Science databases showed that most research using magnetite from MTB was carried out for biological
reasons, such as in magnetic hyperthermia and drug delivery.