bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who is worthy of my commitment now? The dynamic nature of interns' workplace commitment
Authors: Ali Nima , Swart Juani 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the dynamics of individuals' multiple commitments in the internship context by answering two questions: How do interns' commitment to different stakeholders change over time? And what are the reasons behind these changes?Design/methodology/approachA qualitative longitudinal study was conducted of a hundred and three interviews with twenty interns in three professional service firms in the UK. The data were gathered via semi-structured interviews that took place on five occasions during the whole internship.FindingsIndividuals' decision to maintain or change their commitment depended on their motive to gain long-term benefits (future employment) or short-term benefits (completing an assignment). Therefore, they experienced different types of commitment dynamics, which were influenced by their intention to commit to the organization in the future.Practical implicationsThis offers significant implications for attracting and employing interns, which directly affects talent employment. It also contributes to the contemporary work context, as the rise of temporary and cross-boundary settings would increase the complexity and dynamics of commitment.Originality/valueDespite the predominant assumption that considers commitment as a stable bond, this research is one of the first to investigate the dynamics of multiple commitments. This contributes to the commitment theory by identifying the different types of commitment dynamics and the impact of individuals' intention to commit on the (in)stability of their commitment, which is absent from the existing literature.
Dosing practices made mundane: Enacting HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis adherence in domestic routines
Authors: Smith Anthony K. J. , Lancaster Kari , Rhodes Tim , Holt Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaintaining routines of medication dosing requires effort amidst the variabilities of everyday life. This article offers a sociomaterial analysis of how the oral HIV prevention regimen, pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is put to use and made to work, including in situations which disrupt or complicate dosing regimes. Other than a daily pill, PrEP can be taken less frequently based on anticipated sexual activity and HIV risk, including ‘on‐demand’ and ‘periodic’ dosing. Drawing on 40 interviews with PrEP users in Australia in 2022, we explore PrEP and its dosing as features of assemblages in which bodies, routines, desires, material objects and the home environment interact. Dosing emerges as a practice of coordination involving dosette boxes, blister packs, alarms, partners, pets, planning sex, routines and domestic space, and as an effect of experimentations with timing to suit life circumstances and manage side effects. Dosing is materialised in the mundane; a practice that is made to work, as well as domesticated, in its situations. Although there are no ‘simple’ solutions to adherence, our analysis offers practical insights into how routine, planning and experimentation come together to capacitate PrEP to work in people’s lives, in sometimes unexpected ways, including through adaptations of PrEP dosing.
Twenty‐year perspective on blunt traumatic diaphragmatic injury in level 1 trauma centre: Early versus delayed diagnosis injury patterns and outcomes
Authors: Hogarty Joseph , Jassal Karishma , Ravintharan Nandhini , Adhami Mohammadmehdi , Yeung Meei , Clements Warren , Fitzgerald Mark , Mathew Joseph K 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveBlunt traumatic diaphragmatic injury (TDI) is typically associated with severe trauma and concomitant injuries. It is a diagnostic challenge in the setting of blunt trauma and can be easily overlooked especially in the acute phase often dominated by concurrent injuries.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of patients with blunt‐TDI identified from a level 1 trauma registry. Variables associated with early versus delayed diagnosis as well as non‐survivor and survivor groups were collected to examine factors associated with delayed diagnosis.ResultsA total of 155 patients were included (mean age 46 ± 20, 60.6% male). Diagnosis was made <24 h in 126 (81.3%), and >24 h in 29 (18.7%). Of the delayed diagnosis group, 14 (48%) were diagnosed >7 days. Overall, 27 (21.4%) patients had a diagnostic initial CXR and 64 (50.8%) had a diagnostic initial CT. Fifty‐eight (37.4%) patients were diagnosed intraoperatively. Of the delayed diagnosis group, 22 (75.9%) had no initial signs on CXR or CT, 15 (52%) of this group had persistent pleural‐effusions/elevated‐hemidiaphragm leading to further investigation and diagnosis. No significant difference in survival was observed between early and delayed diagnoses, no clinically significant injury patterns to predict delayed diagnoses were noted.ConclusionThe diagnosis of TDI is challenging. Without frank signs of herniation of abdominal contents on CXR or CT, the diagnosis is often not made on initial imaging. In patients with the evidence of blunt traumatic injury in the lower‐chest/upper‐abdomen, a high degree of clinical suspicion should be held and follow‐up CXRs/CTs arranged.
Inflammatory ultrasound features as prognostic factors of pain and functional outcomes following intra‐articular platelet‐rich plasma in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Oo Win Min , Linklater James , Bennell Kim L. , Yu Shirley P. , Duong Vicky , Hunter David J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo explore inflammatory ultrasound predictors of improvements in pain and function over 2, 6, and 12 months following administration of intra‐articular platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodPatients with painful mild–moderate radiographic knee OA from a subset of the RESTORE RCT underwent ultrasound assessment according to the standardized OMERACT scanning protocol to detect inflammatory features such as synovitis, synovial hypertrophy, and effusion with power Doppler. The study knee was treated with 3 once‐weekly PRP injections obtained after centrifugation at 1500 g for 5 min. Numerical Rating Score (NRS), Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP) questionnaire, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) function sub‐score were used to measure pain and functional severity. Separate linear regression models were performed to determine whether baseline ultrasound‐detected features of inflammation predicted the improvement in pain and function following PRP injection in both unadjusted and adjusted models for confounders.ResultsForty‐four participants were included, with 25 (56.8%) being female. In an unadjusted model, higher OMERACT scores for inflammatory features such as global synovitis and/or effusion were significantly associated with greater improvement in all outcomes measured at 2 months but not at 6 and 12 months for pain measures. Only global synovitis showed significant association with functional improvement at 2 and 12 months. Similar findings were observed in the adjusted model.ConclusionUltrasound indices of knee inflammation predicted short‐term improvements in pain severity and both short‐ and longer‐term improvements in function following intra‐articular PRP injection.
Fatores climáticos, geográficos e antropogênicos moldam a estrutura das redes morcego‐fruto na região neotropical
Authors: Ligo Ana Beatriz , Laurindo Rafael de Souza , Faria Lucas Del Bianco , Gregorin Renato 
Published: June 2023

ResumoOs gradientes ambientais naturais e antropogênicos estão associados a mudanças na riqueza de espécies, abundância e uso de recursos. Há um interesse cada vez maior em compreender como a estrutura das redes de interações varia ao longo dos gradientes ambientais, mas a maioria dos estudos se concentrou em redes de aves e plantas, enquanto os estudos sobre redes mutualísticas formadas por outros grupos de vertebrados são escassos. Aqui, compilamos um banco de dados de 48 redes morcego‐fruto distribuídas na região neotropical e avaliamos a influência da precipitação anual, da temperatura média anual, da latitude, da altitude e dos impactos humanos no aninhamento, na modularidade, na especialização, na diversidade de interações e na riqueza de espécies. Além disso, caracterizamos a distribuição dos papéis das espécies de morcegos em redes de interações inseridas em diferentes biomas da região neotropical. Constatamos que a temperatura média anual aumentou o aninhamento, mas diminuiu a modularidade e a diversidade das interações. Além disso, a diversidade de interações foi maior em áreas com maior precipitação anual, com menos impacto humano e em regiões de latitude mais baixa. A riqueza de plantas aumentou em regiões com maior precipitação anual, enquanto a latitude afetou negativamente a riqueza de plantas e morcegos. Com relação ao papel desempenhado pelas espécies de morcegos, observamos que a maioria das espécies ocupa posições periféricas e apenas 4% das espécies atuaram como conectores. Em consonância com estudos anteriores que avaliaram outros sistemas mutualísticos, demonstramos que a estrutura das redes de morcegos e frutos é influenciada por fatores climáticos, geográficos e antropogênicos. Essas descobertas aumentam nossa compreensão de como as comunidades ecológicas são estruturadas ao longo de um gradiente ambiental e nos permitem entender como esses sistemas podem ser afetados por mudanças no clima e no uso da terra.
Understanding the positive and negative outcomes of developmental challenges on the social psychology of female executives in top management teams
Authors: Mumtaz Sana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDrawing on social identity theory, this conceptual article proposes how working in a male‐dominated top management team (TMT) leads to changes in the social psychology of female executives over time. Further, it simultaneously incorporates the role of various factors to develop a comprehensive understanding of positive as well as negative change experiences of female executives. Based on thorough review and integration of the relevant literature from the domains of organizational behaviour, gender management, and psychology, key themes have been extracted and a conceptual model has been proposed. It is suggested that female executives are likely to face epistemological shock after becoming a part of male‐dominated TMTs; however, proactive interactions and development of their cultural toolkit is expected to polish leadership capabilities and improve leader identity in them. Conversely, challenges in developing their cultural toolkit may lead to experiences of emotional exhaustion and the eventual psychological detachment of female executives from their teams and work environment. Unlike the focus of existing literature on general social and cultural challenges faced by female workers, this research offers a unique theoretical direction regarding the essence of extensive psychological changes and their long‐term prospects for females in male‐dominated TMTs. Finally, it also offers practical implications for highlighting various ways to encourage proactivity and social support for creating diversity and inclusion‐based leadership in organizations.
Reliability and agreement in intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring interpretation: A systematic review
Authors: Hernandez Engelhart Christina , Gundro Brurberg Kjetil , Aanstad Kristin Jerve , Pay Aase Serine Devold , Kaasen Anne , Blix Ellen , Vanbelle Sophie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionFetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is routine in intrapartum care worldwide and one of the most common obstetrical procedures. Intrapartum FHR monitoring helps assess fetal wellbeing and interpretation of the FHR help form decisions for clinical management and intervention. It relies on the observers' subjective assessments, with variation in interpretations leading to variations in intrapartum care. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate extant inter‐ and intrarater reliability research on the human interpretation of intrapartum FHR monitoring.Material and MethodsWe searched for the terms “fetal heart rate monitoring,” “interpretation agreement” and related concepts on Embase, Medline, Maternity and Infant Care Database and CINAHL. The last search was made on January 31, 2022. The protocol for the study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021260937). Studies that assess inter‐ and intrarater reliability and agreement of health professionals' intrapartum FHR monitoring were included and studies including other assessment of fetal wellbeing excluded. We extracted data in reviewer pairs using quality appraisal tool for studies of diagnostic reliability (QAREL) forms. The data retrieved from the studies are presented as narrative synthesis and in additional tables.ResultsForty‐nine articles concerning continuous FHR monitoring were included in the study. For interrater reliability and agreement, in total 577 raters assessed 6315 CTG tracings. There was considerable heterogeneity in quality and measures across the included articles. We found higher reliability and agreement for the basic FHR features than for overall classification and higher agreement for intrarater reliability and agreement than for their interrater counterparts.ConclusionsThere is great variation in reliability and agreement measures for continuous intrapartum FHR monitoring, implying that intrapartum CTG should be used with caution for clinical decision making given its questionable reliability. We found few high‐quality studies and noted methodological concerns in the studies. We recommend a more standardized approach to future reliability studies on FHR monitoring.
Laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication for esophageal achalasia treatment after distal gastrectomy and Billroth‐II reconstruction
Authors: Nakajima Masanobu , Masuda Norihiro , Shoda Takahiro , Wakayama Shigeyoshi , Kono Takahiro , Ogawa Atsushi , Takita Junko , Haga Norihiro , Suzuki Kan , Yamaguchi Satoru , Nakamura Takatoshi , Kojima Kazuyuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLaparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication is the standard surgical treatment for esophageal achalasia. However, there are few reports on the use of this method after gastric surgery. We report a case of a 78‐year‐old man who underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication for achalasia after distal gastrectomy and Billroth‐II reconstruction. After the intraabdominal adhesion was sharply dissected using an ultrasonic coagulation incision device (UCID), Heller myotomy was performed 5 cm above and 2 cm below the esophagogastric junction using the UCID. To prevent postoperative gastroesophageal reflux (GER), Dor fundoplication was performed without cutting the short gastric artery and vein. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient is in good health without symptoms of dysphagia or GER. Although per‐oral endoscopic myotomy is becoming the mainstay of treatment for achalasia after gastric surgery, laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication is also an effective strategy.
Drug‐drug interaction of ciprofol injectable emulsion with mefenamic acid capsules in healthy subjects
Authors: Yang Dandan , Hu Yin , Ruan Zourong , Jiang Bo , Wang Haiying , Xu Yichao , Hu Mengyue , Yan Min , Lou Honggang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the drug‐drug interaction (DDI) of ciprofol injectable emulsion and mefenamic acid capsules in healthy subjects.MethodsTwenty healthy subjects were enrolled in this single‐centre, open‐label, two‐period DDI study. Ciprofol (0.4 mg kg−1) was administered as a single dose on days 1 and 5. A 500‐mg oral loading dose of mefenamic acid was given on day 4 followed by a 250‐mg maintenance dose every 6 h (a total of eight doses). Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analyses were collected. Depth of anaesthesia was monitored using the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAA/S) scale and Bispectral Index scores (BISs).ResultsCompared with administration of ciprofol alone, administration with mefenamic acid showed no significant difference in exposure. The geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and their 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration‐time curve calculated from 0 to the last measurement point (AUC0‐last) and AUC to infinity (AUC0‐inf) were 91.6% (86.5‐96.9%), 103.3% (100.3‐106.4%) and 107.0% (101.2‐113.2%), respectively. The MOAA/S and BIS curves for the two treatment periods essentially coincided, indicating that the anaesthesia effect of ciprofol was not affected by mefenamic acid. Seven subjects (35%) reported eight adverse events (AEs) when ciprorol was administered alone and 12 subjects (60%) reported 18 AEs when ciprofol was administered in combination with mefenamic acid. All AEs were mild.ConclusionsMefenamic acid, a UGT1A9 inhibitor, had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ciprofol in healthy subjects. Ciprofol was safe and well tolerated when administered with mefenamic acid.
Serotonin syndrome—A focused review
Authors: Mikkelsen Nicolaj , Damkier Per , Pedersen Sidsel Arnspang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSerotonin syndrome is a potentially life‐threatening syndrome with manifestations spanning from mild adverse effects to life‐threatening toxicity. The syndrome is caused by overstimulation of serotonin receptors by serotonergic drugs. Since the use of serotonergic drugs is increasing, primarily due to the widespread use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, cases of serotonin syndrome have likely seen a parallel increase. The true incidence of serotonin syndrome remains unknown due to its diffuse clinical presentation.ObjectivesThis review aims to provide a clinically focused overview of serotonin syndrome, covering its pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and treatment, as well as classifying serotonergic drugs and their mechanism of action. The pharmacological context is emphasized, as it is crucial for the detection and management of serotonin syndrome.MethodsFocused review based on a literature search using the PubMed database.Findings and conclusionSerotonin syndrome can occur through therapeutic use or overdose of a single serotonergic drug or as a drug interaction between two or more serotonergic drugs. Central clinical features consist of neuromuscular excitation, autonomic dysfunction and altered mental status, occurring in a patient undergoing new or altered serotonergic therapy. Early clinical recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent significant morbidity.
Revisiting the association between treatment with antidepressants and mania: A nationwide within‐individual study of 3554 patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Jefsen Oskar Hougaard , Rohde Christopher , Østergaard Søren Dinesen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAntidepressants are commonly used “off‐label” for bipolar depression, despite concerns over the risk of potential treatment‐emergent mania (or “manic switch”). Treatment‐emergent mania is difficult to study with adequate power in clinical trials as it requires a large group of participants and long follow‐up. Therefore, naturalistic register‐based studies have been applied to assess this phenomenon. Here, we aimed to replicate previous findings and address key methodological limitations that were not previously taken into account.MethodsWe utilized data from nationwide Danish health registries to identify patients with bipolar disorder treated with an antidepressant, either with or without concomitant treatment with a mood stabilizer (drug treatment proxied via redeemed prescriptions). We plotted the incidence of manic and depressive episodes relative to the initiation of antidepressant treatment and compared the incidence of mania in the period prior to and following initiation of antidepressant treatment (within‐individual design).ResultsIn 3554 patients with bipolar disorder initiating treatment with an antidepressant, the number of manic episodes peaked approximately 3 months prior to initiation of antidepressant treatment, and the number of depressive episodes peaked around the initiation of antidepressant prescription. This temporal pattern suggests that antidepressants were used to treat post‐manic depression.ConclusionWithin‐individual designs do not control sufficiently for confounding by indication, when the treatment indication is time‐varying. Thus, results from prior within‐individual studies of antidepressant treatment in the context of bipolar disorder may be invalid due to time‐varying confounding by indication.
The network structure of mania symptoms differs between people with and without binge eating
Authors: Davies Helena L. , Peel Alicia J. , Mundy Jessica , Monssen Dina , Kakar Saakshi , Davies Molly R. , Adey Brett N. , Armour Chérie , Kalsi Gursharan , Lin Yuhao , Marsh Ian , Rogers Henry C. , Walters James T. R. , Herle Moritz , Glen Kiran , Malouf Chelsea Mika , Kelly Emily J. , Eley Thalia C. , Treasure Janet , Breen Gerome , Hübel Christopher 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesPeople with bipolar disorder who also report binge eating have increased psychopathology and greater impairment than those without binge eating. Whether this co‐occurrence is related to binge eating as a symptom or presents differently across full‐syndrome eating disorders with binge eating is unclear.MethodsWe first compared networks of 13 lifetime mania symptoms in 34,226 participants from the United Kingdom's National Institute for Health and Care Research BioResource with (n = 12,104) and without (n = 22,122) lifetime binge eating. Second, in the subsample with binge eating, we compared networks of mania symptoms in participants with lifetime anorexia nervosa binge‐eating/purging (n = 825), bulimia nervosa (n = 3737), and binge‐eating disorder (n = 3648).ResultsPeople with binge eating endorsed every mania symptom significantly more often than those without binge eating. Within the subsample, people with bulimia nervosa most often had the highest endorsement rate of each mania symptom. We found significant differences in network parameter statistics, including network structure (M = 0.25, p = 0.001) and global strength (S = 1.84, p = 0.002) when comparing the binge eating with no binge‐eating participants. However, network structure differences were sensitive to reductions in sample size and the greater density of the latter network was explained by the large proportion of participants (34%) without mania symptoms. The structure of the anorexia nervosa binge‐eating/purging network differed from the bulimia nervosa network (M = 0.66, p = 0.001), but the result was unstable.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the presence and structure of mania symptoms may be more associated with binge eating as a symptom rather than any specific binge‐type eating disorder. Further research with larger sample sizes is required to confirm our findings.