bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equivalent Standard Axle Load Analysis Considering Dynamic Load Based on Vehicle Axle-Tire Vertical Acceleration Field Testing
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wang Wei , Song Zhichao , Jiang Changqing , Zhang Chenglong , Yuan Yijian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to examine equivalent axles load with dynamic load taken into account, pavement roughness test is carried out with a Vehicle Axle-tire Dynamic Load Tester, where axle-tire vertical acceleration of heavy trucks and light trucks are tested, respectively. Dynamic load is considered as a series of static loads following a normal distribution, and equivalent axles load is calculated according the Asphalt Pavement Design Specification. The results show that equivalent axles load time increase accordingly based on highway class. when tensile strain at bottom of surface is taken as design index, on high class highway equivalent standard load increases 8.3–14.9% for heavy truck, 3.6–5.4% for light truck; on low class highway, it increases 6.8–17.3% for heavy truck, 3.2–12.5% for light truck; when tensile stress at the bottom of semi-rigid base is taken as checking index. On a high class highway, it increases 34.2–64.9% for a heavy truck, 14.2–21.8% for a light truck; on a low class highway, it increases 27.5–77.1% for a heavy truck, 12.6–53.2% for a light truck. These research findings provide in-depth understanding regarding vehicle axle load conversion in dynamic load environment.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of the Damaged Hoop Head Mortise-Tenon Joint
Authors: Peng Chengwei , Lv Wenlong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDamage is a common condition in ancient timber structures, whose influence on the mechanical properties of structures cannot be ignored. To study the mechanical properties of damaged hoop head mortise-tenon joint, four specimens with shrinkage gauge, including one intact joint specimen and three artificial simulated damaged joint specimens, are designed, and fabricated in this paper by regarding the global damage degree and column axial force as the variation of parameters. The failure mode, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of the specimens are studied by low-cyclic reversed loading tests. The results show that the failure pattern is randomly manifested as parallel-to-grain tensile cracking failure or vertical splitting failure of the beam tenon. When the global damage degree increases, the two types of damage are more likely to appear simultaneously. The global damage degree has a significant influence on the ultimate bending moment and energy dissipation capacity of hoop head mortise-tenon joints, and 2.4% of the global damage degree can lead to a significant decrease in both. The column axial force can affect the ultimate bending moment, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of hoop head mortise-tenon joints. When the column axial force increases, the ultimate bending moment and energy dissipation capacity will increase, while the ductility will decrease.
Research on Deformation Characteristics of SCP Foundation for HKZM Bridge
Authors: Li Bin , Zhang Jiaying , Zhang Xuelei , Tian Zhongke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo further determine the bearing capacity of sand compaction pile (SCP) composite foundation in the West artificial island of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao (HKZM) Bridge, a large-scale in-situ load test system was designed to study the mechanical and deformation characteristic of SCP foundation. The test adopts the anchor pile method, the results show that the stress sharing ratio of the underwater SCP foundation under the same replacement rate is closely related to the load and time. With the increase of load level, the curve of stress sharing ratio decreases first and then increases. Under the same load level, the ratio decreases gradually with time and finally approaches a certain value. Based on the analysis of site monitoring data, the settlement law of SCP is clear, and the error of the empirical formula is found. The stress reduction ratio and empirical coefficient are proposed to correct the original formula. The research results in this paper can be used to guide the design and construction of SCP foundation of cross-sea project.
Research on Vibration Design of Large Compressor Foundation
Authors: Qiao Xiaoshuai , Sun Chao , Hu Yanzheng , Jiang Congbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe safe operation of a compressor machine heavily relies on the proper design of its foundation. The frame-type supporting foundation is usually adopted in engineering. This paper studies the vibration design of the compressor’s foundation. Two types of finite element model for the foundation are considered, which are beam-slab element model and solid element model. By the comparative analysis of vibration mode shape and time-history dynamic calculation, it is concluded that the commonly used beam-slab element model could be unsafe for a design purpose. In contrast, the solid element model is more reliable. Then, the solid element model was used to study the influence of structural arrangement parameters on vibration response, including roof thickness, column’s section size, eccentric unit arrangement and plate cantilever length. It is concluded that the thickness of the top plate has the most significant influence on the vibration response compared to other factors.
Theoretical Study of the Reinforcement of Pre-stressed Concrete Cylinder Pipes with External Pre-stressed Strands
Authors: Zhao Lijun , Dou Tiesheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReinforcement of the pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes with external pre-stressed strands is an effective way to enhance a prestressed concrete cylinder pipe’s ability to bear the design hydraulic pressure. A theoretical derivation is studied, and this formula derivation could be used to determine the cross-sectional area per unit length. This derivation determine the cross-sectional area and target tensile strength of steel strands in order to meet the requirements of ultimate limit states, serviceability limit states, and quasi-permanent limit states. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental results. This paper could provide technical supports for the application of the external reinforcement of PCCPs with strands.
Experimental Study on Inclination Test of Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Tan Kang , Dong Ping , Gou Wanchun , Guo Qi , Li Yi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeep displacement monitoring is an important means to monitor the deformation of slope, landslide and deep foundation pit. Traditional deep displacement monitoring uses manual inclinometer, which is time-consuming and laborious, and has large manual operation error, so it is impossible to realize automatic monitoring. It is urgent to adopt new technical means to make up for these shortcomings. Based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology and beam bending theory, this paper establishes the calculation formula of fiber Bragg grating deep inclinometer, which can calculate the deep displacement curve of inclinometer through the change of fiber Bragg grating center wavelength; The strain sensitivity coefficient of fiber Bragg grating is calibrated by indoor calibration test. The experimental results show that the center wavelength of fiber Bragg grating has a high correlation with strain, and the relationship is linear. The strain and displacement of inclinometer tube are monitored and compared by indoor model test. The test results show that the displacement error calculated by fiber Bragg grating is 2% ~ 12%, which can meet the needs of deep displacement monitoring. The relevant conclusions provide a certain reference for the research of fiber Bragg grating deep displacement monitoring.
Transverse Vibration Characteristics of Clamped-Elastic Pinned Beam Under Compressive Axial Loads
Authors: Zhang Jianxun , Zhang Pengchong , Song Huicun , Zhu Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBased on the Bernoulli–Euler theory, the vibration characteristics of a clamped-elastic pinned beam under the elastic constraint and the compressive axial loads are derived and verified by finite element method. The results of examples show that the natural frequency of the beam decreases with loads increase and the frequency increases with the increase of the elastic constraint stiffness. When the constraint stiffness increases from 104 to 108 N/m, the first-order natural frequency becomes 4.24 times, the second-order natural frequency becomes 2.19 times, and the third-order natural frequency becomes 1.57 times; when the constraint is weak, the loads change is mainly reflected in the first mode shape. When the constraint stiffness is 104 N/m, the first-order natural frequency decreases by 20%, the second-order modal natural frequency changes by 3%, and the third-order natural frequency changes by less than 1%. The range of the elastic constraints with significant changes in the natural frequencies of the higher-order modes is larger. When the first-order frequency is taken to 100EI/l3, the change tends to be flat, the second-order frequency is about five times that of the first-order, and the range of the third-order frequency is 15 times or more.
Rail Surface Defect Detection Method Based on Deep Learning Method with 3D Range Image
Authors: Ming Geng , Zhou Bo , Luo Xiaohua , Ling Ren , Zhou Mingxiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the methods of using images for detecting surface defects of rails, the interaction such as light, stains, and water stains will cause false alarms. This paper proposals a method to detect surface defects of rails using 3D range line scan cameras combined with deep learning. By using the 3D range camera to acquire the information and 2D image information, and optimizing The original internet neural network structure, combined with the channel attention mechanism, a twin unet & 3D+ neural network model is proposed. First, the required database was established by using the 3D range camera, and then the comparison experts provided that the neural network proposed in this paper can effectually eliminate false alarms caused by light, Stains and water stains compared with other neural networks, and effectually promoted the rail surface. The correct rate of default detection.
Theoretical Study on Natural Vibration Frequency of Externally Prestressed Simply Supported Steel Beams
Authors: Wang Zhengyu , Li Hongming , Chen Huibin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrestress is an important index of the mechanical performance of prestressed structures, which will have a certain impact on the natural vibration frequency of the structure. In this paper, based on the action mechanism of the prestressing system, the externally prestressed simply supported steel beams are classified, and the energy method is used to establish the dynamic equations of the prestressed steel beams with three forms of cable distribution, with a view to exploring the relationship between the magnitude of prestressing force, cable distribution form, and cable section size and the natural vibration frequency of externally prestressed simply-supported steel beams. Through a numerical example, the theoretical calculation results are compared with the finite element simulation results to verify the theoretical calculation formula derived in this paper and reveal the action law of the prestressed system on the natural vibration frequency of the simply supported steel beam.
Finite Element Analysis of Punching Shear of Reinforced Concrete Mushroom Slab-Column Connections Using ABAQUS
Authors: Jia Yueqiao , Chiang Jeffrey Choong Luin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCapital is one of the common measures to strengthen the slab-column connections. It can make the joint's load capacity increase. However, when the connection is subjected to the unbalanced bending moment, the reduction effect of the capital on the bending moment is to be studied. Nonlinear finite element analysis is performed on reinforced concrete slabs with column capital for various moment-to-shear (M/V) ratios. The effect of capital radius on the punching shear resistance of slab-column connections is investigated. The 3D finite element modeling is performed using the concrete damage plasticity model and concrete constitutive equations. The concrete damage plasticity model parameters are calibrated by the experiment results of specimens. Increasing the radius of capital can improve the bearing capacity of nodes and reduce the moment transfer effect obviously.
Identifying Large Charge operators
Authors: Badel Gil , Monin Alexander , Rattazzi Riccardo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Large Charge sector of Conformal Field Theory (CFT) can generically be described through a semiclassical expansion around a superfluid background. In this work, focussing on U(1) invariant Wilson-Fisher fixed points, we study the spectrum of spinning large charge operators. For sufficiently low spin these correspond to the phonon excitations of the superfluid state. We discuss the organization of these states into conformal multiplets and the form of the corresponding composite operators in the free field theory limit. The latter entails a mapping, built order-by-order in the inverse charge n−1, between the Fock space of vacuum fluctuations and the Fock space of fluctuations around the superfluid state. We discuss the limitations of the semiclassical method, and find that the phonon description breaks down for spins of order n1/2 while the computation of observables is valid up to spins of order n. Finally, we apply the semiclassical method to compute some conformal 3-point and 4-point functions, and analyze the conformal block decomposition of the latter with our knowledge of the operator spectrum.
A general cost model to assess the implementation of collaborative robots in assembly processes
Authors: Barravecchia Federico , Mastrogiacomo Luca , Franceschini Fiorenzo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract In assembly processes, collaborative robots (cobots) can provide valuable support to improve production performance (assembly time, product quality, worker wellbeing). However, there is a lack of models capable of evaluating cobot deployment and driving decision-makers to choose the most cost-effective assembly configuration. This paper tries to address this gap by proposing a novel cost model to evaluate and predict assembly costs. The model allows a practical and straightforward comparison of different potential assembly configurations in order to guide the selection towards the most effective one. The proposed cost model considers several cost dimensions, including manufacturing, setup, prospective, retrospective, product quality and wellbeing costs. The cost estimation also considers learning effects on assembly time and quality, particularly relevant in low-volume and mass customised productions. Three real manufacturing case studies accompany the description of the model.
Insights in opiates toxicity: impairment of human vascular mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Mazzotti Maria Carla , Teti Gabriella , Giorgetti Arianna , Carano Francesco , Pelletti Guido , Pascali Jennifer Paola , Falconi Mirella , Pelotti Susi , Fais Paolo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe most common pulmonary findings in opiate-related fatalities are congestion and oedema, as well as acute and/or chronic alveolar haemorrhage, the cause of which is thought to be a damage to the capillary endothelium related to ischemia. Human vascular mesenchymal stromal cells (vMSCs) play a fundamental role in tissue regeneration and repair after endothelial cell injury, and they express opioid receptors. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of in vitro morphine exposure on the physiological activity and maintenance of human vMSCs. vMSCs were obtained from abdominal aorta fragments collected during surgery repair and were exposed to incremental doses (0.1 mM, 0.4 mM, 0.8 mM and 1 mM) of morphine sulphate for 7 days. The effect was investigated through cell viability assessment, proliferation assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection assay, senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay, senescent-related markers (p21WAF1/CIP1 and p16INK4) and the apoptosis-related marker caspase 3. Moreover, an ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy and in vitro vascular differentiation were evaluated. Results showed a decrease of the cellular metabolic activity, a pro-oxidant and pro-senescence effect, an increase in intracellular ROS and the activation of the apoptosis signalling, as well as ultrastructural modifications and impairment of vascular differentiation after morphine treatment of vMSC. Although confirmation studies are required on real fatal opiate intoxications, the approach based on morphological and immunofluorescence methodologies may have a high potential also as a useful tool or as a complementary method in forensic pathology. The application of these techniques in the future may lead to the identification of new markers and morphological parameters useful as complementary investigations for drug-related deaths.
Evidence of natural selection and dominance of SARS-CoV-2 variant Lambda (C.37) over variants of concern in Cusco, Peru
Authors: Quispe-Ricalde Maria Antonieta , Castelán-Sánchez Hugo G. , Meza-Rodríguez Pablo M. , Dávila-Ramos Sonia , Sierra José Luis , Batista-Garcia Ramón , Concha-Velasco Fátima , Lucana Sonia Flores , De Santa Cruz José , Zea Víctor , Galarza Marco , Caceres-Rey Omar , Tsukayama Pablo , Foronda Pilar , Soto-Chambi Brandon Jason , Abreu Nestor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage C.37 (Lambda) has spread rapidly in Peru and other Latin American countries. However, most studies in Peru have focused on Lima, the capital city, without knowing the dynamics of the spread of the variant in other departments. Cusco, Peru, is one of the most popular departments in the country for tourists, so the introduction of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 might occur despite closure of the borders. Therefore, in this work, we analyzed the variants circulating in Cusco. The aim of this work was to better understand the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Cusco and to characterize the genomes of these strains. To this end, 46 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were sequenced in the first half of 2021. The genomes were analyzed using phylogenetic and natural selection methods. Phylogenetic trees from Cusco showed dominance of the Lambda lineage over the variants of concern (VOCs), and there was no clustering of variants by district. Natural selection analysis revealed mutations, mainly in the spike protein, at positions 75, 246, 247, 707, 769, and 1020. In addition, we found that unvaccinated patients accumulated more new mutations than did vaccinated patients, and these included the F101Y mutation in ORF7a, E419A in NSP3, a deletion in S (21,618-22,501), and a deletion in ORF3a (25,437-26,122).
The relationship between basic psychological need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation: The role of individual differences and special educational needs
Authors: Loopers Judith , Kupers Elisa , de Boer Anke , Minnaert Alexander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA within-person perspective with several measurement points per individual allows to analyse relations between variables within individuals. Such an approach is still scarce in research from a self-determination theory perspective. Therefore, this study measured basic psychological need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation in real-time and at several lessons with the experience sampling method. In this way, the relationship between need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation was investigated from both a group level and within-person perspective. The sample consisted of 146 students in pre-vocational secondary education, who completed 4128 diary questionnaires. At the group level, positive relationships between satisfaction of the needs and motivation were found. However, individual differences in the strength and direction of these relationships exist. This marks the importance of taking a within-person perspective, and studying both concepts at several lessons and individually. Students’ special educational needs play a role in the strength of the relationship: compared to typically developing students, satisfaction of autonomy is less important, while satisfaction of competence and relatedness with the teacher are more important for the intrinsic motivation of students with special educational needs. However, students’ special educational needs do not explain all differences between individual students. Future research may investigate other student characteristics to explore where individual differences in the importance of the basic psychological needs come from.
Unraveling the contextuality of adolescents’ interest pursuits in daily life: four latent configurations
Authors: Beek Gregorius J. , Bronkhorst Larike H. , Akkerman Sanne F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
While interest pursuits are widely recognized as being inherently contextual, what this contextuality entails for different interests has not been explored systematically. In this study, 410 adolescents reported on the temporal, epistemic, material, geographical, social, institutional, and cultural dimensions of 820 interest pursuits. Latent class analyses identified four interest pursuit configurations, revealing quantitative (overall high/low structure) and qualitative (expertise- and social-oriented) differences. We observed similar interests being pursued in the same configuration, but also identified individual differences, reflecting the social–historical meaning and object characteristics of interests, as well as adolescents’ preferences and structural opportunities. The findings show that interest entails more than a preference for an object, but also a preference for a wider configuration, which should be considered when designing (educational) contexts to stimulate adolescents’ interest.
Predicting the performance of MSMEs: a hybrid DEA-machine learning approach
Authors: Boubaker Sabri , Le Tu D. Q. , Ngo Thanh , Manita Riadh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) dominate the business landscape and create more than half of employment worldwide. How we can apply big data analytical tools such as machine learning to examine the performance of MSMEs has become an important question to provide quicker results and recommend better and more reliable solutions that improve performance. This paper proposes a novel method for estimating a common set of weights (CSW) based on regression analysis for data envelopment analysis (DEA) as an important analytical and operational research technique, which (i) allows for measurement evaluations and ranking comparisons of the MSMEs, and (ii) helps overcome the time-consuming non-convexity issues of other CSW DEA methodologies. Our hybrid approach used several econometric and machine learning techniques (such as Tobit, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and Random Forest regression) to empirically explain and predict the performance of more than 5400 Vietnamese MSMEs (2010‒2016), and showed that the machine learning techniques are more efficient and accurate than the econometric ones. Our study, therefore, sheds new light on the two-stage DEA literature, especially in terms of predicting performance in the era of big data to strengthen the role of analytics in business and management.