bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stream power indices correspond poorly with observations of alluvial river channel adjustment
Authors: Parker Chris , Davey James 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA variety of stream power‐based approaches for predicting catchment‐scale alluvial channel adjustment have been developed. There is an international interest in applying these to inform river catchment management. However, there is some uncertainty regarding their ability to make consistently accurate predictions. This study evaluates the performance of a range of stream power indices for predicting observed channel adjustment. Remotely sensed data were used to generate 33 different stream power indices every 50 m across the networks of five test catchments. The performances of the indices were evaluated by comparing them against observations of erosion and deposition‐dominated channels extracted from the UK's River Habitat Survey (RHS) database. A selection of metrics for evaluating the performance of the indices were calculated. The key finding from this study is that the stream power indices were poorly associated with the observations of alluvial channel adjustment. It is not clear whether this poor association is due to limitations with stream power indices or the suitability of the RHS observations. However, this is not the first study to find a weak association between stream power and observed adjustment. Therefore, caution is recommended to anyone hoping to take advantage of the practicability of stream power indices until further testing is applied using alternative observation datasets. An additional finding from this study is the inconsistency of outcomes between different measures of model performance. It is recommended that future studies also employ multiple model performance measures rather than relying on accuracy alone.
Preparation and properties of graphite/polypropylene composite material reinforced by chopped carbon fibers for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates
Authors: Wei Huili , Chang Guofeng , Shi Rongqun , Xu Sichuan , Liu Jinling 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, chopped carbon fibers (CCFs) with different lengths were added to graphite/polypropylene (PP) composite materials to achieve high conductivity and flexural strength performances, which are required for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The effects of CCF length (2–4 mm), CCF content (0–5 wt.%), graphite type‐natural flake graphite (NFG) and synthetic graphite (SG), and graphite particle size (18–106 µm) on the graphite/PP/CCFs composites are examined. The conductivities of the composites decrease significantly with increasing CCF length above 3 wt.%. CCFs improve the composite's strength, with a maximum strength of 45.8 MPa being achieved with 5 wt.% of 4 mm long CCFs. Composite with NFG exhibits superior conductivity to the one with SG but lacks flexural strength. The NFG particle size significantly affects the conductivity of the composite at high graphite contents, with a particle diameter of 75 µm resulting in maximum conductivity. An optimal composition with 38 µm/82 wt.% NFG and 2 mm/3 wt.% CCF, electrical conductivity, and flexural strength of 189.4 S/cm and 30.2 MPa, respectively, were achieved. Also, this composite exhibited interfacial contact resistance and contact angles of 111°, which showed favorable interfacial conductivity and hydrophobicity performances.
Mutations involving TGFB and MAPK may be associated with malignancy in granular cell tumors
Authors: Dehner Carina A. , Moon Tyler , Lyu Yang , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhou Zhaohe , Yang Kuangying , Chrisinger John S. A. , Griffin Anthony , Wunder Jay , Dickson Brendan C. , Hirbe Angela C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGranular cell tumors (GrCTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms of presumed schwannian differentiation that may present as solitary or multifocal lesions with excision usually being curative. A minority of cases, however, show histological features associated with an increased risk for metastasis and are highly aggressive leading to death in about a third of cases. While benign and malignant cases have been shown to harbor mutations in the H + ATPase genes, there is only limited data examining molecular aberrations associated with malignancy. The departmental archives were searched for cases of atypical/malignant GrCTs. Clinical and histopathological features were noted. Whole‐exome sequencing was performed. Three cases of malignant GrCTs and one case of atypical GrCTs were included. All three malignant tumors metastasized to distant sites with a median disease‐free survival of 16 months and an overall follow‐up time of 35 months. Whole‐exome sequencing showed mutations involving TGFβ and MAPK pathways in all four tumors. Although the cohort size is small, our preliminary findings suggest that mutations involving the TGFβ and MAPK pathways may be associated with tumor progression or malignant transformation in GrCT pathogenesis.
Systematic comparison of culture media uncovers phenotypic shift of primary human microglia defined by reduced reliance to CSF1R signaling
Authors: Dorion Marie‐France , Yaqubi Moein , Murdoch Hunter J. , Hall Jeffery A. , Dudley Roy , Antel Jack P. , Durcan Thomas Martin , Healy Luke Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEfforts to understand microglia function in health and diseases have been hindered by the lack of culture models that recapitulate in situ cellular properties. In recent years, the use of serum‐free media with brain‐derived growth factors (colony stimulating factor 1 receptor [CSF1R] ligands and TGF‐β1/2) have been favored for the maintenance of rodent microglia as they promote morphological features observed in situ. Here we study the functional and transcriptomic impacts of such media on human microglia (hMGL). Media formulation had little impact on microglia transcriptome assessed by RNA sequencing which was sufficient to significantly alter microglia capacity to phagocytose myelin debris and to elicit an inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide. When compared to immediately ex vivo microglia from the same donors, the addition of fetal bovine serum to culture media, but not growth factors, was found to aid in the maintenance of key signature genes including those involved in phagocytic processes. A phenotypic shift characterized by CSF1R downregulation in culture correlated with a lack of reliance on CSF1R signaling for survival. Consequently, no improvement in cell survival was observed following culture supplementation with CSF1R ligands. Our study provides better understanding of hMGL in culture, with observations that diverge from those previously made in rodent microglia.
Cyclophosphamide etoposide dexamethasone as salvage and bridging therapy in relapsed refractory and extramedullary multiple myeloma
Authors: Kauer Joseph , Sester Lilli Sophie , Kriegsmann Katharina , Weinhold Niels , Ober Michael , Müller‐Tidow Carsten , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Raab Marc‐Steffen , Sauer Sandra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPatients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) that are triple‐exposed to immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibodies have a poor prognosis. Standard treatment for these patients has not been established. Patients with extramedullary disease or secondary plasma cell leukemia often display high tumor cell proliferation and might therefore be susceptible to chemotherapy. While current regimens are often platinum‐based, we present single‐center data on 70 patients with RRMM who were treated with cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and dexamethasone (CED) after a median of four lines of therapy. An overall response rate of 52% was achieved after 1–6 cycles, with 23% of patients having a very good partial response. Comparable response rates and survival were observed in patients with extramedullary disease and high‐risk cytogenetics. Treatment resulted in non‐hematological °III‐IV adverse events in 31% of patients. No treatment‐related deaths occurred. The median progression‐free and overall survival were 6.2 and 10.9 months, respectively. 23% of patients were bridged to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. In summary, CED is an effective treatment regimen for RRMM cases with a tolerable safety profile and suitable as bridging therapy to CAR T cell treatment and ASCT.
Prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index on extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma patients: A multicenter propensity score matched analysis of 1022 cases in Huaihai Lymphoma Working Group
Authors: Shen Ziyuan , Zhang Shuo , Chen Xicheng , Zhang Qing , Jiao Yaxue , Shi Yuye , Zhang Hao , Ye Jingjing , Wang Ling , Zhu Taigang , Miao Yuqing , Wang Liang , Cai Guoqi , Sang Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrognostic nutritional index (PNI), comprised of serum albumin level and lymphocyte count, is associated with the prognosis of several malignant diseases, while the prognostic value of PNI in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) remains unclear. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to investigate the value of PNI in predicting the prognosis of newly diagnosed ENKTL patients by using propensity score matched analysis (PSM). A total of 1022 newly diagnosed ENKTL patients were retrieved from Huaihai Lymphoma Working Group and clinicopathological variables were collected. MaxStat analysis was used to calculate the optimal cut‐off points of PNI and other continuous variables. The median age at diagnosis was 47 years and 69.4% were males, with the 5‐year OS of 71.7%. According to the MaxStat analysis, 41 was the optimal cut‐off point for PNI. The Pseudo R2 before matching was 0.250, and it decreased to less than 0.019 after matching. Confounding factors of the two groups were well balanced after PSM. Multivariable analysis revealed that PNI, Korean Prognostic Index (KPI), eastern cooperative oncology group performance status (ECOG PS), the prognostic index of natural killer lymphoma (PINK) and hemoglobin were independent prognostic factors for ENKTL. The results of subgroup analysis demonstrated that patients with low PNI could predict worse prognosis and re‐stratify patients in ECOG PS ≥ 2, EBER‐positive, the International Prognostic Index (IPI) (HIR + HR), and PINK (HR) groups. PNI combined with IPI, PINK and KPI could improve the prediction efficiency. In conclusion, PNI could accurately stratify the prognosis of ENKTL by PSM analysis and patients with low PNI had poorer prognosis.
A scoping review of foot and ankle telemedicine guidelines
Authors: Stojmanovski Mercieca Lisa Ann , Formosa Cynthia , Chockalingam Nachiappan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe COVID‐19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of telemedicine in general. Its use has been widely adopted in the healthcare sector, but relatively little research has been conducted on the use of telemedicine for podiatry. This review aimed to explore and compare existing guidelines on telemedicine related to foot and ankle pathologies within a primary care setting.MethodsThe preferred reporting guidelines for the extension of scoping reviews were used in this review, and a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed and implemented. This study made use of both databases and gray literature searches. Between 2012 and 2022, these databases were searched using various subject headings and free‐text terms for the keywords “telemedicine” “foot health” and “guidelines” with appropriate Boolean operators.ResultsThe search yielded 356 articles, which were reduced to 283 after removing duplicates. Six more records were discovered through a Google and Google Scholar search and one through an article reference search. Six articles and three institutional practice guidelines were selected for synthesis after screening. The findings were classified according to the level of evidence and research quality, the function of telemedicine and the communication used, the research outcomes sought, and the type of recommendations and guidelines made available.ConclusionThis review highlights the lack of podiatric telemedicine guidelines for foot and ankle pathologies. Although foot and ankle guidelines for orthopedic and musculoskeletal virtual consultations have been mentioned, they do not cover the full range of potential case scenarios that fall within the remit of podiatric consultations in a primary care setting. This review suggests the development of foot and ankle telemedicine guidelines with recommendations on how they can better provide accessible care to their patients, making foot and ankle care management not only a hand‐on‐one but also reachable virtually, where applicable.
Latin America: Knowledge diversity for a sustainable future
Authors: Chiang Gustavo , Umbuzeiro Gisela , Lo Nostro Fabiana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
National and international collaboration and the incorporation of perspectives from outside academia are essential parts of a paradigm shift in science and are necessary for a sustainable future. The articles in this special series “Diversity of Knowledge for a Sustainable Future in Latin America” exemplify many of these aspects, showcasing the latest research and environmental policies for the protection of water, soil, and human health related to several pollutants, for example, microplastics, hydrocarbons, metals, and pesticides. Knowledge—built in an environment where communities are participants in this construction and not only subjects—helps promote understanding of the transdisciplinary nature of environmental issues provided by a diversity of traditional and nontraditional participants. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:613–614. © 2023 SETAC
Synthesis and Potential of Autoinducer‐2 and Analogs to Manipulate Inter‐Species Quorum Sensing
Authors: Rodrigues Miguel V. , Kis Peter , Xavier Karina B. , Ventura M. Rita 
Published: January 2023

AbstractQuorum sensing (QS) is enabled by the production of signalling molecules called autoinducers, whose presence in the environment modulates the behavior of bacterial populations. Autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2) is unique as it is recognized by different species of bacteria and fosters signalling across different species. To further understand QS mechanisms and to discover potential novel therapeutics based on the modulation of bacterial behavior many analogs have been synthesized. This review aims to provide a critical analysis of the state‐of‐the‐art of the synthesis of AI‐2 and its analogs. It serves as a non‐exhaustive consolidation of previous studies of analogs, focusing on the synthetic approaches and the structure‐activity relationship conclusions drawn after the analysis of the chemical libraries of the research groups involved in the field. This article is intended to be a strong foundation for the rational planning of synthetic strategies of analogs with specific bioactivities.
Medical misinformation: A primer and recommendations for pharmacists
Authors: Goldwire Micheline Andel , Johnson Steven T. , Abdalla Maha , Advani Ashish , Bernknopf Allison , Colella Angela , Kehr Heather A. , Kier Karen , May Dianne , May J. Russell , Picone Mary Frances , Saad Maha , Thornby Krisy Ann , Ward Kristina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMedical misinformation is more pervasive today because of widespread and near instantaneous dissemination of information via the internet and social media platforms. Consequences of medical misinformation may include decreased uptake of needed health care resources, delays in seeking care, vaccine hesitancy, medication non‐compliance, increased disease outbreaks and/or burden, and increased hospitalization and mortality. It disproportionately impacts underserved populations, including Black patients, those who identify as LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and more), and patients with reduced health literacy skills or who are digitally disadvantaged. Medical misinformation challenges health care professionals not only to provide the best care possible, but to assist patients in finding accurate information. Preprint publications, although potentially beneficial in rapidly disseminating new scientific discoveries, often have not undergone peer review and may contribute to the widespread propagation of inaccurate or overstated results, thereby perpetuating the spread of medical misinformation when it exists. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic highlighted the importance of practicing evidence‐based medicine and the need for cautious review of preprint publications and articles from predatory publishers in addition to usual and customary literature evaluation techniques. Everyone plays a role in preventing the spread of medical misinformation, with pharmacists uniquely positioned as trusted and highly accessible professionals who may help combat its spread. The goal of this article is to define medical misinformation and related terms, outline mechanisms by which it is spread, describe its clinical impact, highlight how it disproportionately impacts underserved populations, provide actionable strategies to prevent its spread, and give examples of practical tactics to help identify, correct, and alert individuals about the possible presence of medical misinformation.
Breaking outside the box: Use of escape rooms in pharmacy residency interviews
Authors: Lock Ashley E. , Hand Elizabeth O. , Hall Reed , Robinson Ellen E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe American Society of Health‐System Pharmacists Pharmacy Resident Match continues to be a competitive process. In recent years, postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) applicants have outpaced available positions. An increase in the number of highly qualified applicants has made identification of standout candidates challenging for residency programs. There is a need to assess nonacademic attributes, such as: leadership, communication, teamwork, problem‐solving, and self‐awareness. These are essential to pharmacy resident success, though are not easily elicited with traditional interview questions.AimsThe purpose of this interview escape room activity was to observe and differentiate PGY1 pharmacy residency candidates' nonacademic attributes and clinical knowledge through real‐time, problem‐based engagement. This descriptive report details the program's use of team‐based escape rooms in the pharmacy residency interview process and provides recommendations for developing and implementing an interview escape room activity.Materials and MethodsThe interview escape room was conducted for a PGY1 program at a large, academic medical center in San Antonio, Texas, during the 2020–2022 residency recruitment seasons. Participants were observed and assessed using the Communication and Teamwork Skills assessment.ResultsThe escape room allowed candidates to showcase their academic and nonacademic skills in various ways. Candidates reported feeling more relaxed than in traditional interviews.DiscussionElements of developing an interview escape room activity include planning and design, theme selection, knowledge and puzzle pairing, content testing, execution, and feedback.ConclusionInterview escape rooms provide insight into the skillset of candidates in the areas of communication, leadership, and teamwork, and create a memorable interview experience for both candidates and residency leadership.
Intersectional microaggressions, depressive symptoms, and the role of LGBTQ‐specific parental support in a sample of Latinx sexual and gender minority youth
Authors: Abreu Roberto L. , Tyler Lefevor G. , Barrita Aldo M. , Gonzalez Kirsten A. , Watson Ryan J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionLatinx and sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth experience higher incidents of racism, cissexism, and heterosexism in the forms of overt discrimination and microaggressions. These experiences could in part explain increased negative mental health outcomes, such as depressive symptoms. Evidence points to the possibility that LGBTQ‐specific parental support buffers the effects of intersectional microaggressions on depressive symptoms among Latinx SGM youth.MethodsIn a sample of 1292 Latinx SGM youth (ages 13–17), we assessed: a) the association between LGBTQ‐specific parental support and depressive symptoms, b) the associations between three forms of intersectional microaggressions and depressive symptoms, and c) whether parental LGBTQ‐specific parental support moderated the relationship between three forms of intersectional microaggressions and depressive symptoms. Main effect and moderation analyses examined interactions between LGBTQ‐specific parental support with each of the three forms of intersectional microaggressions on depressive symptoms.ResultsWe found that Latinx transgender youth experienced higher intersectional microaggressions compared to their cisgender counterparts and that Latinx SGM youth who reported lower LGBTQ‐specific parental support experienced higher depressive symptoms. We also identified a significant interaction between intersectional microaggressions and LGBTQ‐specific parental support, suggesting that parental support was more protective at low rather than high levels of intersectional microaggressions.ConclusionsFindings suggest a need for future work examining culturally appropriate approaches to foster a supportive parent‐child relationship among Latinx SGM youth and their parental figures.
Peptide grafting on intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses to promote sealing with skin cells: Potential to limit infections
Authors: Ghribi Nawel , Guay‐Bégin Andrée‐Anne , Bilem Ibrahim , Chevallier Pascale , Auger François A. , Ruel Jean , Laroche Gaétan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe long‐term success of intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses (ITAPs) mainly relies on dermal attachment of skin cells to the implant. Otherwise, bacteria can easily penetrate through the interface between the implant and the skin. Therefore, infection at this implant/skin interface remains a significant complication in orthopedic surgeries in which these prostheses are required. Two main strategies were investigated to prevent these potential infection problems which consist in either establishing a strong sealing at the skin/implant interface or on eradicating infections by killing bacteria. In this work, two adhesion peptides, either KRGDS or KYIGSR and one antimicrobial peptide, Magainin 2 (Mag 2), were covalently grafted via phosphonate anchor arms to the surface of the Ti6Al4V ELI (extra low interstitials) material, commonly used to manufacture ITAPs. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle, and confocal microscopy analyses enabled to validate the covalent and stable grafting of these three peptides. Dermal fibroblasts cultures on bare Ti6Al4V ELI surfaces and functionalized ones displayed a good cell adhesion and proliferation on all samples. However, cell spreading and viability appeared to be improved on grafted surfaces, especially for those conjugated with KRGDS and Mag 2. Moreover, the dermal sheet attachment, was significantly higher on surfaces functionalized with Mag 2 as compared to the other surfaces. Therefore, the surface functionalization with the antimicrobial peptide Mag 2 seems to be the best approach for the targeted application, as it could play a dual role, inducing a strong skin adhesion while limiting infections on Ti6Al4V ELI materials.