bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics of carbapenem-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeinfection/colonisation in the intensive care unit: a 9-year retrospective study
Authors: Wang Fei , Zou Xiaocui , Zhou Boting , Yin Tao , Wang Ping 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesCarbapenem-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP) infection/colonisation has been reported in hospitals. The clinical characteristics of CRKP infection/colonisation in the intensive care unit (ICU) have received little attention. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology and extent ofK. pneumoniae(KP) resistance to carbapenems, the sources of CRKP patients and CRKP isolates, and the risk factors for CRKP infection/colonisation.DesignRetrospective single-centre study.Data sourceClinical data were obtained from electronic medical records.ParticipantsPatients isolated with KP in the ICU from January 2012 to December 2020.Main outcome measuresThe prevalence and changing trend of CRKP were determined. The extent of KP isolates resistance to carbapenems, the specimen types of KP isolates, and the sources of CRKP patients and CRKP isolates were all examined. The risk factors for CRKP infection/colonisation were also assessed.ResultsThe rate of CRKP in KP isolates raised from 11.11% in 2012 to 48.92% in 2020. CRKP isolates were detected in one site in 266 patients (70.56%). The percentage of CRKP isolates not susceptible to imipenem increased from 42.86% in 2012 to 98.53% in 2020. The percentage of CRKP patients from general wards in our hospital and other hospitals gradually converged in 2020 (47.06% vs 52.94%). CRKP isolates were mainly acquired in our ICU (59.68%). Younger age (p=0.018), previous admission (p=0.018), previous ICU stay (p=0.008), prior use of surgical drainage (p=0.012) and gastric tube (p=0.001), and use of carbapenems (p=0.000), tigecycline (p=0.005), β-lactams/β-lactamase inhibitors (p=0.000), fluoroquinolones (p=0.033), and antifungal drugs (p=0.011) within the prior 3 months were independent risk factors for CRKP infection/colonisation.ConclusionsOverall, the rate of KP isolates resistance to carbapenems increased, and the severity of this resistance significantly increased. Intensive and local infection/colonisation control measures are necessary for ICU patients, especially those with risk factors for CRKP infection/colonisation.
SARS-CoV-2 cross-sectional seroprevalence study among public school staff in Metro Vancouver after the first Omicron wave in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Watts Allison W , Mâsse Louise C , Goldfarb David M , Irvine Mike A , Hutchison Sarah M , Muttucomaroe Lauren , Poon Bethany , Barakauskas Vilte E , O’Reilly Collette , Bosman Else , Reicherz Frederic , Coombs Daniel , Pitblado Mark , O’Brien Sheila F , Lavoie Pascal M 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among school workers within the Greater Vancouver area, British Columbia, Canada, after the first Omicron wave.DesignCross-sectional study by online questionnaire, with blood serology testing.SettingThree main school districts (Vancouver, Richmond and Delta) in the Vancouver metropolitan area.ParticipantsActive school staff enrolled from January to April 2022, with serology testing between 27 January and 8 April 2022. Seroprevalence estimates were compared with data obtained from Canadian blood donors weighted over the same sampling period, age, sex and postal code distribution.Primary and secondary outcomesSARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody testing results adjusted for test sensitivity and specificity, and regional variation across school districts using Bayesian models.ResultsOf 1850 school staff enrolled, 65.8% (1214/1845) reported close contact with a COVID-19 case outside the household. Of those close contacts, 51.5% (625/1214) were a student and 54.9% (666/1214) were a coworker. Cumulative incidence of COVID-19 positive testing by self-reported nucleic acid or rapid antigen testing since the beginning of the pandemic was 15.8% (291/1845). In a representative sample of 1620 school staff who completed serology testing (87.6%), the adjusted seroprevalence was 26.5% (95% CrI 23.9% to 29.3%), compared with 32.4% (95% CrI 30.6% to 34.5%) among 7164 blood donors.ConclusionDespite frequent COVID-19 exposures reported, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among school staff in this setting remained no greater than the community reference group. Results are consistent with the premise that many infections were acquired outside the school setting, even with Omicron.
Development of the microstructure of 2D graphene sheets in the molecular dynamics simulation of irradiation damage cascades
Authors: Wang Weilu , Wang Ke , Wenjuan Deng 
Published: June 2023

Two-dimensional graphene is widely used in the nuclear industry, computer simulation of the physical process of graphene irradiation damage can assist the study of microscopic dynamic processes that cannot be directly observed in irradiation experiments. The irradiation-induced microstructural change of 2D graphene sheets was studied using molecular dynamics simulations with a maximum primary knock-on atoms (PKA) energy of 180[Formula: see text]keV. The results show that using direct observation, the defects generated during the cascade collision process can be divided into three types according to the generation mechanism: defects by PKA damage (DPD), instantaneous defects by shock wave rippling (DSR), and permanent defects by shock wave overlapping (DSO). The atomic configuration of the final stage consists of various topological polygons; in general, octagons and polygons with fewer than eight sides are bulged, while polygons with more than eight sides are depressed. The largest topological polygon found by the simulation is a 13-sided polygon. In addition to atoms with a coordination number of 3 (originating from the perfect lattice structure of graphene), atoms with coordination numbers of 2 and 4 are produced. Atoms with a coordination number of 4 are generally enclosed by four polygons that have no more than six sides, while atoms with a coordination number of 2 are generally located between two polygons that have at least six sides.
Constraining the bounce realization with holographic background and analytical exploration of the consequences in a modified gravity framework
Authors: Ghosh Moli , Chattopadhyay Surajit 
Published: June 2023

The work reported in this paper explores holographic bounce. In the first phase of the study, we chose a non-singular bouncing scale factor. Then we reconstructed [Formula: see text] gravity and analytically derived constraints on the bouncing parameter [Formula: see text]. These constraints helped us understand the scale factor’s quintessence or phantom behavior. Furthermore, we also explored the statefinder parameters for reconstructed [Formula: see text] and observed the attainment of [Formula: see text]CDM fixed point. Next, we considered the multiplicative bouncing scale factor inspired by S. D. Odintsov and V. K. Oikonomou Phys. Rev. D 94, (2016) 064022. For this choice, we discussed the types of singularities realizable for different cases. Through the Talyor series expansion, we analytically presented cases and subcases for different ranges of [Formula: see text] of the scale factor. In the last phase of the study, we demonstrated holographic bounce with the choice of the multiplicative scale factor. In this case, we considered holographic Ricci dark energy and Barrow holographic dark energy. We concluded that it is possible to generate constraints on the bouncing parameter for its feasibility for the EoS parameter. We concluded that the realization of holographic bounce is possible, and different suitable constraints can be derived for this multiplicative bouncing scale factor focusing on the realization of cosmic bounce.
Best-Response Dynamics for Evolutionary Stochastic Games
Authors: Murali Divya , Shaiju A. J. 
Published: June 2023

We introduce a version of best-response (BR) dynamics for stochastic games using the framework of evolutionary stochastic games proposed in [Flesch, J., Parthasarathy, T., Thuijsman, F. and Uyttendaele, P. [2013] Evolutionary stochastic games, Dyn. Games Appl. 3, 207–219]. This dynamics is defined on the simplex of all population distributions, as in classical evolutionary games. In this BR dynamics, it is shown that the set of all population distributions inducing Nash equilibria is globally asymptotically stable, for stable stochastic games. Also, if we transform the BR dynamics into the space of stationary strategies, the set of all Nash Equilibria is asymptotically stable. Another version of BR dynamics is defined in the space of stationary strategies for zero-sum stochastic games by [Leslie, D. S., Perkins, S. and Xu, Z. [2020] Best-response dynamics in zero-sum stochastic games, J. Econ. Theory 189, 105095]. To compare both versions of BR dynamics, we extend the evolutionary stochastic games model to asymmetric stochastic games and employ an equivalent definition of Nash equilibria. This comparison is illustrated using examples and it is observed that the trajectories of both versions of BR dynamics do converge to the same Nash equilibrium. The BR dynamics proposed in this paper has the advantage of being valid for nonzero sum stochastic games and conforms to both classical game dynamics and the dynamics of stationary strategies in stochastic games.
Steiner and tube formulae in 3D contact sub-Riemannian geometry
Authors: Barilari Davide , Bossio Tania 
Published: June 2023

We prove a Steiner formula for regular surfaces with no characteristic points in 3D contact sub-Riemannian manifolds endowed with an arbitrary smooth volume. The formula we obtain, which is equivalent to a half-tube formula, is of local nature. It can thus be applied to any surface in a region not containing characteristic points. We provide a geometrical interpretation of the coefficients appearing in the expansion, and compute them on some relevant examples in three-dimensional sub-Riemannian model spaces. These results generalize those obtained in [Z. M. Balogh, F. Ferrari, B. Franchi, E. Vecchi and K. Wildrick, Steiner’s formula in the Heisenberg group, Nonlinear Anal. 126 (2015) 201–217; M. Ritoré, Tubular neighborhoods in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups, Adv. Calc. Var. 14(1) (2021) 1–36] for the Heisenberg group.
On the number of even values of an eta-quotient
Authors: Zanello Fabrizio 
Published: June 2023

The goal of this note is to provide a general lower bound on the number of even values of the Fourier coefficients of an arbitrary eta-quotient [Formula: see text], over any arithmetic progression. Namely, if [Formula: see text] denotes the number of even coefficients of [Formula: see text] in degrees [Formula: see text] (mod [Formula: see text]) such that [Formula: see text], then we show that [Formula: see text] is unbounded for [Formula: see text] large. Note that our result is very close to the best bound currently known even in the special case of the partition function [Formula: see text] (namely, [Formula: see text], proven by Bellaïche and Nicolas in 2016). Our argument substantially relies upon, and generalizes, Serre’s classical theorem on the number of even values of [Formula: see text], combined with a recent modular-form result by Cotron et al. on the lacunarity modulo 2 of certain eta-quotients. Interestingly, even in the case of [Formula: see text] first shown by Serre, no elementary proof is known of this bound. At the end, we propose an elegant problem on quadratic representations, whose solution would finally yield a modular form-free proof of Serre’s theorem.
S-unit equation in two variables and Padé approximations
Authors: Hirata-Kohno Noriko , Kawashima Makoto , Poëls Anthony , Washio Yukiko 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we use Padé approximations, constructed in [Kawashima and Poëls, Padé approximations for shifted functions and parametric geometry of numbers, J. Number Theory 243 (2023) 646–687] for binomial functions, to give a new upper bound for the number of the solutions of the [Formula: see text]-unit equation in two variables. Combining explicit Padé approximants with a simple argument relying on Mahler measure as well as the local height, we refine the bound due to Evertse [On equations in [Formula: see text]-units and the Thue-Mahler equation, Invent. Math. 75 (1984) 561–584].
Understanding Concurrent Transmissions: The Impact of Carrier Frequency Offset and RF Interference on Physical Layer Performance
Authors: Baddeley Michael , Boano Carlo Alberto , Escobar-Molero Antonio , Liu Ye , Ma Xiaoyuan , Marot Victor , Raza Usman , Römer Kay , Schuss Markus , Stanoev Aleksandar 
Published: June 2023

The popularity of concurrent transmissions (CT) has soared after recent studies have shown their feasibility on the four physical layers specified by BLE 5, hence providing an alternative to the use of IEEE 802.15.4 for the design of reliable and efficient low-power wireless protocols. However, to date, the extent to which physical layer properties affect the performance of CT has not yet been investigated in detail. This article fills this gap and provides an extensive study on the impact of the physical layer on CT-based solutions using IEEE 802.15.4 and BLE 5. We first highlight through simulation how the impact of errors induced by relative carrier frequency offsets on the performance of CT highly depends on the choice of the underlying physical layer. We then confirm these observations experimentally on real hardware and with varying environmental conditions through an analysis of the bit error distribution across received packets, unveiling possible techniques to effectively handle these errors. We further study the performance of CT-based data collection and dissemination protocols in the presence of RF interference on a large-scale testbed, deriving insights on how the employed physical layer affects their dependability.
Keeping It in the Family: HER3 as a Target in Brain Metastases
Authors: Kabraji Sheheryar , Lin Nancy U. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryIn 180 patients with metastatic breast cancer and non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), HER3 expression was found in &gt;70% of brain metastases (BM). HER3-targeting antibody–drug conjugates have demonstrated efficacy in HER3-expressing metastatic breast cancer and NSCLC. Thus, HER3 expression by IHC may be a biomarker for development of HER3-targeting BM-specific therapeutics.See related article by Tomasich et al., p. 3225
Gender Disparities in General Surgery Resident Subspecialization
Authors: Wilson Danielle , Engstrand Erica , Schoel Leah , Goldblatt Matthew I. , Higgins Rana M. , Dream Sophie 
Published: June 2023

Background There are an increasing number of women entering medical school and general surgery residency. Despite this, there remains an underrepresentation of women in some surgical specialties. The purpose of this study is to examine gender differences in fellowship subspecialization of recent general surgery graduates. Methods Graduating residents from general surgery residencies from 2016 to 2020 were identified. Referring to each residency’s graduating resident website, we noted whether or not listed alumni were reported to have entered a fellowship. If applicants were listed as having completed a fellowship, the fellowship was noted along with each applicant’s expressed gender. Differences across groups were analyzed using SPSS. Results The majority (82.4%) of graduates pursued a fellowship after residency training. Men were more likely to enter fellowships in Cardiothoracic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascular Surgery, and practice than women. Women were more likely to enter fellowships in Breast Surgery, Acute Care Surgery/Trauma Surgery, Pediatric Surgery, and Endocrine Surgery than men. Conclusions The majority of general surgery residency graduates pursue fellowship training. Gender disparities continue for a minority of subspecialties for both men and women.
Relationship Between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Emotion Dysregulation Among Male and Female Young Adults
Authors: Thomas Daphnée , Bonnaire Céline 
Published: June 2023

Over recent years, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been associated with emotion dysregulation. However, only a few quantitative studies have empirically investigated differences in emotion dysregulation among people who self-harm, while none have explored gender differences in this regard. Thus, this research study aimed to further examine the association between NSSI and emotion regulation deficits and strategies in young adults. A total of 201 participants (mean age = 21.82 years) were recruited from different support groups dedicated to NSSI and from health care centres and were divided into two groups: a control group (CG, n = 100, mean age = 21.92 years, comprised of 30% males) and an NSSI group (NSSIG, n = 101, mean age = 21.72 years, comprised of 16% males). All participants completed the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The results showed that compared to the CG participants, those from the NSSIG had increased emotion regulation deficits, higher expressive suppression scores, and lower cognitive re-evaluation scores. Within the NSSIG, females had higher impulse control difficulties and limited access to emotion regulation strategies, while males had higher expressive suppression scores. Factors associated with NSSI also differed by gender. These results indicate the necessity to take gender into account when planning treatment, since treatment protocols must be adapted to the specific emotion regulation difficulties concerned.
Telocytes response to cardiac growth induced by resistance exercise training and endurance exercise training in adult male rats
Authors: Choobineh Siroos , Borjian Fard Mahboobeh , Soori Rahman , Mazaheri Zohreh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTelocytes are interstitial cells found in different tissues, including cardiac stem cell niches. The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of the telocytes to the cardiac growth that occurs in response to resistance and endurance exercise trainings using rats distributed into control, endurance, and resistance training groups. Results revealed that the ratio of heart weight to body weight, cardiomycyte number, cardiomyocyte area, thickness of the left ventricular wall were significantly higher in the training groups compared to the control group. We observed increment in the cardiomyocytes surface area and thickness of the left ventricular wall in the resistance-training group than endurance-training group. We conclude that both resistance and endurance exercise trainings will lead to an increased number of cardiac telocytes, consequently, promote activity of the cardiac stem cells, and results in physiological cardiac growth, and this response does not seem to depend on the type of exercise.
Genomic surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Burundi, from May 2021 to January 2022
Authors: Nduwimana Cassien , Nzoyikorera Néhémie , Ndihokubwayo Armstrong , Ihorimbere Théogène , Nibogora Célestin , Ndoreraho Adolphe , Hajayandi Oscar , Bizimana Jean Claude , Diawara Idrissa , Niyonizigiye Dionis , Nyandwi Joseph 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The emergence and rapid spread of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) variants have challenged the control of the COVID-19 pandemic globally. Burundi was not spared by that pandemic, but the genetic diversity, evolution, and epidemiology of those variants in the country remained poorly understood. The present study sought to investigate the role of different SARS-COV-2 variants in the successive COVID-19 waves experienced in Burundi and the impact of their evolution on the course of that pandemic.
We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study using positive SARS-COV-2 samples for genomic sequencing. Subsequently, we performed statistical and bioinformatics analyses of the genome sequences in light of available metadata.

Results
In total, we documented 27 PANGO lineages of which BA.1, B.1.617.2, AY.46, AY.122, and BA.1.1, all VOCs, accounted for 83.15% of all the genomes isolated in Burundi from May 2021 to January 2022. Delta (B.1.617.2) and its descendants predominated the peak observed in July–October 2021. It replaced the previously predominant B.1.351 lineage. It was itself subsequently replaced by Omicron (B.1.1.529, BA.1, and BA.1.1). Furthermore, we identified amino acid mutations including E484K, D614G, and L452R known to increase infectivity and immune escape in the spike proteins of Delta and Omicron variants isolated in Burundi. The SARS-COV-2 genomes from imported and community-detected cases were genetically closely related.

Conclusion
The global emergence of SARS-COV-2 VOCs and their subsequent introductions in Burundi was accompanied by new peaks (waves) of COVID-19. The relaxation of travel restrictions and the mutations occurring in the virus genome played an important role in the introduction and the spread of new SARS-COV-2 variants in the country. It is of utmost importance to strengthen the genomic surveillance of SARS-COV-2, enhance the protection by increasing the SARS-COV-2 vaccine coverage, and adjust the public health and social measures ahead of the emergence or introduction of new SARS-COV-2 VOCs in the country.
Triptolide attenuates irritable bowel syndrome via inhibiting ODC1
Authors: Zhu Ning , Zhu Liuyan , Zhang Xueliang , Huang Chengbin , Xiang Wenjun , Huang Bingwu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of the gut-brain axis with significant morbidity. Triptolide, an active compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF), has been widely used as a major medicinal herb in the treatment of inflammatory disease.

Methods
The chronic-acute combined stress (CAS) stimulation was used to establish IBS rat model. The model rats were then gavaged with triptolide. Forced swimming, marble-burying, fecal weight and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score were recorded. Pathologic changes in the ileal and colonic tissues were validated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The inflammatory cytokines and Ornithine Decarboxylase-1 (ODC1) in the ileal and colonic tissues were performed by ELISA and WB.

Results
Triptolide didn’t have antidepressant- and antianxiety- effects in rats caused by CAS, but decreased fecal weight and AWR score. In addition, Triptolide reduced the release of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α and the expression of ODC1 in the ileum and colon.

Conclusion
The therapeutic efficacy of triptolide for IBS induced by CAS was revealed in this study, which may be related to the reduction of ODC1.