bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the femoral condylar ellipse line and the surgical epicondylar axis: 3D measurement by MRI scans in healthy Chinese people
Authors: Zhang Guanpeng , Liu Mingyang , Fan Shenghu , Liu Zhaoliang , Nie Xinlin , Qi Xin , Yang Chen 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe sagittal shapes of the femoral condyles were thought to consist of circles. However, the line connecting the centers of circles was not consistent with the surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) which was commonly used in surgery. Recently, ellipses have been proposed as an alternative method to represent the sagittal femoral condylar shape. Does the condylar ellipse line (CEL) coincide with the SEA in 3D MRI reconstruction analysis?MethodsFrom May to August 2021, a total of 80 healthy subjects were scanned by MRI on the right knee in this retrospective study. The ellipses on the most distal slices of the medial and lateral condyles were determined. A line connecting the centers of the medial and lateral ellipses was the CEL. A line connecting the deepest point of the medial sulcus and the most prominent point of the lateral epicondyle was the SEA. Angular measurement of the SEA and the CEL relative to the posterior condylar line (PCL) and the distal condylar line (DCL) was performed on an axial and coronal view of the 3D model, respectively. Measurements were compared between males and females by using the independent‐samples t‐test. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between SEA‐PCL and CEL‐PCL, SEA‐DCL, and CEL‐DCL.ResultsOn the axial view, the mean SEA‐CEL was 0.35° ± 0.96°. SEA‐PCL (2.91° ± 1.40°) had a high correlation with CEL‐PCL (3.27° ± 1.11°) (r = 0.731, p < 0.001). On the coronal view, the mean coronal SEA‐CEL was 1.35° ± 1.13°. SEA‐DCL (1.35° ± 1.13°) had a low correlation with CEL‐DCL (0.18° ± 0.84°) (r = 0.319, p = 0.007). On the sagittal view, the outlet points of the CEL on the medial and lateral epicondyles were anatomically located in the anteroinferior direction to the SEA.ConclusionsCEL traversed the medial and lateral epicondyles, which has a mean deviation of 0.35° with SEA on axial view and a mean deviation of 0.18° with DCL on coronal view. This study suggested that the ellipse approach is an improved scheme for representing the femoral condylar shape.
Disturbing the peace
Authors: Bohrer Ashley J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes how the US state deploys the concept of “peace” against protesters in the use of legal charges related to “disturbing the peace” and other related infractions. Taking the US 2020 Racial Justice Uprisings as a case study, I argue that underneath the criminalization of protest under the auspices of “keeping the peace” is a central facet of state‐backed epistemic violence.
Avulsion dynamics determine fluvial fan morphology in a cellular model
Authors: Martin Harrison K. , Edmonds Douglas A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fluvial fans are large, low-gradient depositional systems that occur in sedimentary basins worldwide. Fluvial fans can represent much of the geologic record of foreland basins, create hazards, and record paleoclimate and tectonic signals. However, we lack an understanding of how fluvial fans grow into the variety of shapes observed around the world. We explored this aspect using a cellular model of foreland basin landscape evolution with rules for sediment transport, river avulsion, and floodplain processes. We tested the hypothesis that avulsion dynamics, namely, avulsion trigger period and abandoned channel dynamics, are a primary control on fluvial fan development. We found that shorter trigger periods lead to rounder planform fluvial fan shapes because, between avulsions, channel aggradation (and thus avulsion setup) propagates shorter distances from the upstream boundary along channel pathways. This prioritizes lateral sediment dispersion, creating shorter, rounder fans, over sediment delivery further into the basin, which would create elongated fans. Modeled fans with abandoned channel attraction (but not repulsion) generated a commonly observed abrupt fan boundary marked by a transition from distributary to tributary channel patterns. While fluvial fans are thought to be linked to climate, they can occur anywhere that rivers aggrade, lose lateral confinement, and preserve alluvial topography. Instead, fluvial fans might be more recognizable in environments that frequently trigger avulsions and preserve abandoned channels that capture future avulsions.
Scoping review on the use of South-South learning exchange to scale up evidence-based practices in family planning
Authors: Allagh Komal Preet , Triulzi Isotta , Kiarie James , Kabra Rita 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSouth-South learning exchange (SSLE) is an interactive learning process where teams from low-income and middle-income countries exchange knowledge and experience to support one or both team’s work towards a change in policies, programmes or practices. SSLE has been used by countries to improve family planning (FP) outcomes such as increased contraceptive prevalence rate and reduced unmet need for FP, but at present, there are no reviews that summarise its use. We conducted a scoping review with stakeholder consultations to summarise the use of SSLE to change FP outcomes.ObjectiveTo systematically identify and map the purposes, approaches, outputs, outcomes, enablers and barriers to using SSLE in FP.MethodsA search was conducted on electronic databases, grey literature sources, websites and the reference list of included studies. The scoping review is based on an adapted version of Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework suggested by Levacet al. Experts were interviewed on their experiences in SSLE.ResultsThe initial search yielded 1483 articles; however, only 29 were selected in the final analysis. The articles were published between 2008 and 2022. Most of the articles were reports, case studies or press releases, only two were peer-reviewed publications. Capacity building of FP providers, policy-makers and community was the most commonly reported purpose of SSLE, with study tours (57%) being the most common approach. Policy dialogue was the most common (45%) output and improved contraceptive prevalence was the most frequently reported outcome. The experiences of the 16 interviewed experts aligned with the scoping review findings.ConclusionThe evidence on the effectiveness of SSLE for addressing FP outcomes is very limited and of very low quality. We call on stakeholders conducting SSLE to document their experiences in detail, including the outcomes achieved.
Management of the infected arterial pseudoaneurysm secondary to groin injecting drug use and outcomes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: MacLeod Caitlin Sara , Radley Andrew , Strachan David , Khan Faisel , Nagy John , Suttie Stuart 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionPeople who inject drugs are at risk of a range of injecting-related infections and injuries, which can threaten life and limb. In parallel to escalating rates of drug-related deaths seen in Scotland and the UK, there has also been an increase in hospital admissions for skin and soft tissue infections related to injecting drug use. One such injecting complication is the infected arterial pseudoaneurysm, which risks rupture and life-threatening haemorrhage. Surgical management options for the infected arterial pseudoaneurysm secondary to groin injecting drug use remain contentious, with some advocates for ligation and debridement alone, whilst others promote acute arterial reconstruction (suture or patch repair, bypass or, more recently, endovascular stent-graft placement). Rates of major lower limb amputations related to surgical management for this pathology vary in the literature. This review aims to evaluate the outcomes of arterial ligation alone compared with arterial reconstruction, including open and endovascular options, for the infected arterial pseudoaneurysm secondary to groin injecting drug use.Methods and analysisThe methods will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Three electronic databases will be searched and the resultant papers screened according to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria (detailed in the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study design statement). Grey literature will be excluded. All papers at each stage will be screened by two independent authors, with disagreements arbitrated by a third. Papers will be subject to appropriate standardised quality assessments.Primary outcomeMajor lower limb amputation.Secondary outcomesReintervention rate, rebleeding rate, development of chronic limb-threatening ischaemia 30-day mortality and claudication.Ethics and disseminationThis is a systematic review based on previously conducted studies, therefore, no ethical approval is required. The results of this work will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022358209.
Systematic review of efficacy and meta-analysis of safety of ranibizumab biosimilars relative to reference ranibizumab anti-VEGF therapy for nAMD treatment
Authors: Hatamnejad Amin , Dadak Rohan , Orr Samantha , Wykoff Charles , Choudhry Netan 
Published: June 2023

TopicThis systematic review and meta-analysis provides a summary of the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab biosimilars relative to reference ranibizumab anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).MethodsWe conducted systematic searches from January 2003 to August 2022 on Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials. We included studies reporting changes in early treatment diabetic retinopathy study-measured best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), number of patients who lost or gained more than 15 letters in BCVA from baseline, changes in retinal thickness and adverse events between treatment arms. The following studies were excluded: studies that did not report visual outcomes following biosimilar and reference ranibizumab intravitreal injections, study arms combining anti-VEGF agents with laser or steroid injections, sham injections as a control comparator, studies without English full texts and non-comparative, observational study design.ResultsFive studies reported on four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and 1544 eyes at baseline were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The studies in our systematic review found no significant differences between reference ranibizumab and ranibizumab biosimilar medications (FYB201, SB11, RanizuRel and Lupin’s ranibizumab) for visual and anatomical outcomes. No significant differences were detected between biosimilar and reference ranibizumab for treatment emergent adverse events (risk ratio, RR 1.06, 95% CI (0.91 to 1.23), p=0.45, I2=52%) or IOP-related adverse events with significant heterogeneity (RR 2.59, 95% CI (0.11 to 62.25), p=0.56, I2=76%).ConclusionThis systematic review of four RCTs demonstrated no significant difference in visual outcomes, retinal thickness outcomes, as well as meta-analysis of adverse events between biosimilar and reference ranibizumab therapies for nAMD treatment.
Endothelial TIE1 Restricts Angiogenic Sprouting to Coordinate Vein Assembly in Synergy With Its Homologue TIE2
Authors: Cao Xudong , Li Taotao , Xu Beibei , Ding Kai , Li Weimin , Shen Bin , Chu Man , Zhu Dengwen , Rui Li , Shang Zhi , Li Xiao , Wang Yinyin , Zheng Shuyu , Alitalo Kari , Liu Ganqiang , Tang Jing , Kubota Yoshiaki , He Yulong 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Vascular growth followed by vessel specification is crucial for the establishment of a hierarchical blood vascular network. We have shown that TIE2 is required for vein development while little is known about its homologue TIE1 (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF [epithelial growth factor]-like domains 1) in this process.

METHODS:

We analyzed functions of TIE1 as well as its synergy with TIE2 in the regulation of vein formation by employing genetic mouse models targeting
Tie1
,
Tek
, and
Nr2f2
, together with in vitro cultured endothelial cells to decipher the underlying mechanism.

RESULTS:

Cardinal vein growth appeared normal in TIE1-deficient mice, whereas TIE2 deficiency altered the identity of cardinal vein endothelial cells with the aberrant expression of DLL4 (delta-like canonical Notch ligand 4). Interestingly, the growth of cutaneous veins, which was initiated at approximately embryonic day 13.5, was retarded in mice lack of TIE1. TIE1 deficiency disrupted the venous integrity, displaying increased sprouting angiogenesis and vascular bleeding. Abnormal venous sprouts with defective arteriovenous alignment were also observed in the mesenteries of
Tie1
-deleted mice. Mechanistically, TIE1 deficiency resulted in the decreased expression of venous regulators including TIE2 and COUP-TFII (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor, encoded by
Nr2f2
, nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2) while angiogenic regulators were upregulated. The alteration of TIE2 level by TIE1 insufficiency was further confirmed by the siRNA-mediated knockdown of
Tie1
in cultured endothelial cells. Interestingly, TIE2 insufficiency also reduced the expression of TIE1. Combining the endothelial deletion of
Tie1
with 1 null allele of
Tek
resulted in a progressive increase of vein-associated angiogenesis leading to the formation of vascular tufts in retinas, whereas the loss of
Tie1
alone produced a relatively mild venous defect. Furthermore, the induced deletion of endothelial
Nr2f2
decreased both TIE1 and TIE2.

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings from this study imply that TIE1 and TIE2, together with COUP-TFII, act in a synergistic manner to restrict sprouting angiogenesis during the development of venous system.
Apo CIII Proteoforms, Plasma Lipids, and Cardiovascular Risk in MESA
Authors: Sinari Shripad , Koska Juraj , Hu Yueming , Furtado Jeremy , Jensen Majken K. , Budoff Matthew J. , Nedelkov Dobrin , McClelland Robyn L. , Billheimer Dean , Reaven Peter 
Published: June 2023

Background:

Apo CIII (apolipoprotein CIII) is an important regulator of triglyceride metabolism and was associated with cardiovascular risk in several cohorts. It is present in 4 major proteoforms, a native peptide (CIII
0a
), and glycosylated proteoforms with zero (CIII
0b
), 1 (CIII
1
, most abundant), or 2 (CIII
2
) sialic acids, which may differentially modify lipoprotein metabolism. We studied the relationships of these proteoforms with plasma lipids and cardiovascular risk.

Methods:
Apo CIII proteoforms were measured by mass spectrometry immunoassay in baseline plasma samples of 5791 participants of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, an observational community-based cohort. Standard plasma lipids were collected for up to 16 years and cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or stroke) were adjudicated for up to 17 years.

Results:

Apo CIII proteoform composition differed by age, sex, race and ethnicity, body mass index, and fasting glucose. Notably, CIII
1
was lower in older participants, men and Black and Chinese (versus White) participants, and higher in obesity and diabetes. In contrast, CIII
2
was higher in older participants, men, Black, and Chinese persons, and lower in Hispanic individuals and obesity. Higher CIII
2
to CIII
1
ratio (CIII
2
/III
1
) was associated with lower triglycerides and higher HDL (high-density lipoprotein) in cross-sectional and longitudinal models, independently of clinical and demographic risk factors and total apo CIII. The associations of CIII
0a
/III
1
and CIII
0b
/III
1
with plasma lipids were weaker and varied through cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Total apo CIII and CIII
2
/III
1
were positively associated with cardiovascular disease risk (n=669 events, hazard ratios, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.04–1.25] and 1.21 [1.11–1.31], respectively); however, the associations were attenuated after adjustment for clinical and demographic characteristics (1.07 [0.98–1.16]; 1.07 [0.97–1.17]). In contrast, CIII
0b
/III
1
was inversely associated with cardiovascular disease risk even after full adjustment including plasma lipids (0.86 [0.79–0.93]).

Conclusions:
Our data indicate differences in clinical and demographic relationships of apo CIII proteoforms, and highlight the importance of apo CIII proteoform composition in predicting future lipid patterns and cardiovascular disease risk.
Abstract 10849: Clinical Outcomes at Medium-Term Follow-Up of COVID-19
Authors: Xuereb Rachel Anne , Barbara Jessica , Gatt Jessica , Tabone Adami Nicholas , Darmanin Jessica , Erasmi Renee , Xuereb Robert G , Stephen Fava , Magri Caroline J 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Long COVID syndrome is defined as physical, cognitive and psychological symptoms that persist for over 12 weeks following the acute illness and are not explained by other diagnosis.

Aim:
To assess medical and health-related quality of life (HR QOL) outcomes at medium-term follow-up in subjects previously infected with COVID-19.

Methods:
2646 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection were randomly selected. They were interviewed to assess for symptoms and HR QOL using a post-COVID questionnaire and Short Form Survey (SF-36) respectively. Blood investigations were taken.

Results:
The median age was 44 years (IQR 31-55), 49% were males. 5% were hospitalised and 1% intubated. Smokers comprised 17%, 10% were ex-smokers. 17% suffered from hypertension, 11% hyperlipidaemia, ischaemic heart disease was present in 2%, heart failure in 1%, obesity in 18%, chronic kidney disease in 0.2%, chronic respiratory disease in 7% and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in 7%.

Median time to follow up was 142 days (IQR 128-161). 22% of participants claimed they felt worse than before. Most common symptoms were anosmia (55%), abnormal taste (53%), fatigue (23%), dyspnoea (23%), headache (20%) and myalgia (15%). The SF-36 survey showed that hospitalized patients fared worse in all domains except for role-emotional.
New onset DM was diagnosed in 50 patients, similar to the rate of undiagnosed DM in the population. Hospitalised patients had significantly higher liver transaminases, FPG, HbA1c, uric acid, RDW, MPV, triglyceride levels and troponin levels but lower eGFR and HDL-cholesterol at follow-up. The differences in RDW, MPV, triglyceride, GGT and FPG remained significant after adjusting for confounders (Table 1).

Conclusions:
A significant proportion of post-COVID patients were symptomatic at medium-term follow-up. Hospitalised patients had more biochemical and haematological abnormalities, suggesting ongoing inflammation in those more severely affected.
Abstract 11046: Hospital Initiative to Increase Plant-Predominant Foods and Nutritional Education
Authors: Ahmad Sana , Gianos Eugenia , Hartog Katrina , Roach Nicole , Gierlinger Sven , Tison Bruno 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Due to reduction in cardiovascular risk, healthy, plant-based foods, as opposed to animal-derived products should be promoted to patients. We created a hospital initiative on the cardiac floors to educate the multidisciplinary staff to serve as advocates for healthy eating.

Methods:
Housestaff participated in education sessions on the benefits of plant-predominant meals and patient counseling. More plant-predominant options were added to the menu and several unhealthy items were eliminated. Food orders were assessed pre-intervention (February 2020) and post-staged interventions (October 2020 and April 2022). Food choices were assessed using the healthful and unhealthful diet index. Press Ganey scores were obtained and housestaff comfort with diet counseling was also assessed.

Results:
Resident perception of their own knowledge went from “poor” to “good” post-intervention. Confidence in talking to patients about plant-based diets went from “not confident at all” to “fairly confident".  After analysis of diet orders, a 52% decrease was noted in animal-based products (chicken, beef, pork and turkey), 35% decrease in unhealthful food items (refined grains, processed foods, potatoes and sweetened beverages), and 25% decrease in plant-predominant food items (whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, salads, legumes and fish), but this time period occurred in the setting of high COVID-19 rates. A subsequent analysis of a single cardiac unit after the COVID-19 surges and after select unhealthy items were removed from the menu showed notable improvements in each parameter when adjusted for discharges; a 2% increase in plant-based, 37% decrease in animal based and 4% decrease in unhealthy items. Press Ganey ratings for the quality of food increased post-initiative by at least 27%.

Conclusions:
This quality initiative was a local pilot to increase our understanding of interventions that may have a meaningful impact on healthy eating for patients. Interpretation of results is limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have impacted food choices of admitted patients. Although further research is needed, housestaff engagement may be a promising mechanism to educate patients and encourage food and nutrition changes in a health system.
Abstract 11532: Cardiac Complications in Polyarteritis Nodosa: A Case of Multi-Vessel Coronary Occlusion Treated With 4-Vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Walter Dylan J , Bigham Grace E , Lahti Steven J , Cohen Jeffrey E , Haider Syed W 
Published: June 2023

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a necrotizing vasculitis causing intimal proliferation, luminal narrowing, thrombosis, ischemia, and even infarction. Coronary manifestations are rare, though recent evidence suggests coronary disease may progress rapidly causing significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of multi-vessel occlusive coronary artery disease (CAD) in a patient with systemic PAN, successfully managed with 4-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
An obese 53-year-old male with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and tobacco use presented with episodic epigastric pain. Serial troponins and EKGs did not suggest cardiac ischemia. Cardiac MRI showed concentric LV hypertrophy with preserved systolic function without signs of infiltrative disease or fibrosis. Abdominal CT demonstrated splenic infarction, luminal narrowing of the celiac axis, and abdominal aortic and bilateral iliac artery aneurysms. MRA revealed inflammation of the celiac, splenic, and common hepatic arteries. CT angiography revealed beading of the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk, indicative of vasculitis. C3 and C4 levels were elevated. Polyarteritis nodosa was felt to be his unifying diagnosis. Prior to initiating cyclophosphamide, he returned with severe epigastric pain prompting admission. Endoscopy was negative. Coronary CT showed extensive calcification. Angiography revealed multi-vessel occlusive disease patterned with ectasia. He underwent 4-vessel CABG revascularization with LIMA-LAD and SVG-OM-LPDA-RPDA. After surgery, he began prednisone, dual anti-platelet, statin, beta-blocker, and angiotensin receptor blockade with rheumatology follow-up for optimal timing of cyclophosphamide initiation.
For patients with systemic inflammatory conditions, recognition of atypical anginal events is crucial as typical identifiers of atherosclerosis may not be obvious. Bypass is definitive therapy, as stenting arteritic vessels may result in neo-endothelization. Clinicians must recognize increased risk of CAD while offering appropriate primary and secondary interventions such as screening imaging and knowledge of disease distribution for appropriate graft choice.