bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis and differential push‐flow structure optimization of vacuum disc drying process
Authors: Lv Kaixin , Liu Hongmei , Liu Xuedong , Zhou Youheng , Jiang Wei , Zheng Weiwen , Zhang Honghong , Chen Hui , Shao Ke , Xu Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe drying characteristics of sludge in a uniaxial vacuum disc dryer are numerically studied in the present study, and the results showed that the drying process of sludge includes three stages: the viscous stage, the sticky stage, and the granular stage. The influence of main parameters such as sludge feeding rate, heat source temperature, and rotating speed of the shaft on the drying process of sludge in the uniaxial vacuum disc dryer is analyzed. In order to optimize the drying efficiency of the dryer, a differential push‐flow structure is proposed in this study, which provides different propulsion effects for the sludge in different drying stages. The differential push‐flow is achieved by changing the number and angle of the push‐flow blades on the discs. Compared with the dryer before optimization, the dryer with optimized differential push‐flow structure has better performance.
Ranking of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia among the leading causes of death in the US varies depending on NCHS or WHO definitions
Authors: Tai Shu‐Yu , Chi Ying‐Chen , Lo Yu‐Tai , Chien Yu‐Wen , Kwachi Ichiro , Lu Tsung‐Hsueh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe compared the ranking of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) among the leading causes of death (LCODs) between those according to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) lists by sex.METHODThe number of deaths in each LCOD category was obtained from CDC WONDER.RESULTSAccording to the WHO list, ADRD was the second LCOD from 2005 to 2013, the first from 2014 to 2020, and the third in 2021, respectively, for women and was the second in 2018 and 2019, the third in 2020, and the fourth in 2021, respectively, for men. According to the NCHS list, Alzheimer's disease was the fourth in 2019 and 2020 for women and was the seventh from 2016 to 2019 for men.DISCUSSIONThe ranking of ADRD among the LCODs according to the WHO list was higher than those according to the NCHS list.
Loss ofFgfr1andFgfr2in Scleraxis‐lineage cells leads to enlarged bone eminences and attachment cell death
Authors: Wernlé Kendra K. , Sonnenfelt Michael A. , Leek Connor C. , Ganji Elahe , Sullivan Anna Lia , Offutt Claudia , Shuff Jordan , Ornitz David M. , Killian Megan L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTendons and ligaments attach to bone are essential for joint mobility and stability in vertebrates. Tendon and ligament attachments (ie, entheses) are found at bony protrusions (ie, eminences), and the shape and size of these protrusions depend on both mechanical forces and cellular cues during growth. Tendon eminences also contribute to mechanical leverage for skeletal muscle. Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling plays a critical role in bone development, andFgfr1andFgfr2are highly expressed in the perichondrium and periosteum of bone where entheses can be found.Results and ConclusionsWe used transgenic mice for combinatorial knockout ofFgfr1and/orFgfr2in tendon/attachment progenitors (ScxCre) and measured eminence size and shape. Conditional deletion of both, but not individual,Fgfr1andFgfr2inScxprogenitors led to enlarged eminences in the postnatal skeleton and shortening of long bones. In addition,Fgfr1/Fgfr2double conditional knockout mice had more variation collagen fibril size in tendon, decreased tibial slope, and increased cell death at ligament attachments. These findings identify a role for FGFR signaling in regulating growth and maintenance of tendon/ligament attachments and the size and shape of bony eminences.
Different spatial structure of plant‐associated fungal communities above‐ and belowground
Authors: Faticov Maria , Abdelfattah Ahmed , Hambäck Peter , Roslin Tomas , Tack Ayco J. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe distribution and community assembly of above‐ and belowground microbial communities associated with individual plants remain poorly understood, despite its consequences for plant–microbe interactions and plant health. Depending on how microbial communities are structured, we can expect different effects of the microbial community on the health of individual plants and on ecosystem processes. Importantly, the relative role of different factors will likely differ with the scale examined. Here, we address the driving factors at a landscape level, where each individual unit (oak trees) is accessible to a joint species pool. This allowed to quantify the relative effect of environmental factors and dispersal on the distribution of two types of fungal communities: those associated with the leaves and those associated with the soil ofQuercus roburtrees in a landscape in southwestern Finland. Within each community type, we compared the role of microclimatic, phenological, and spatial variables, and across community types, we examined the degree of association between the respective communities. Most of the variation in the foliar fungal community was found within trees, whereas soil fungal community composition showed positive spatial autocorrelation up to 50 m. Microclimate, tree phenology, and tree spatial connectivity explained little variation in the foliar and soil fungal communities. Foliar and soil fungal communities differed strongly in community structure, with no significant concordance detected between them. We provide evidence that foliar and soil fungal communities assemble independent of each other and are structured by different ecological processes.
The resistance and resilience of Great Plains ecoregion boundaries to the 1930s drought as a lens to future dynamics
Authors: Burruss N. Dylan , Peters Debra P. C. , Huang Haitao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPotential natural vegetation (PNV) remains an important concept in ecology by providing the basis for comparing current or future conditions and trends in vegetation with historic conditions. However, nonstationary climate and land‐use‐driven deviations from baseline conditions challenge the validity of PNV at local scales or for locations that are especially sensitive to environmental changes, such as ecotonal boundaries between ecosystem types. Our goal was to identify the historic boundaries between major grassland types in the Central Great Plains (CGP) of North America (tallgrass prairie and northern and southern mixed‐grass prairies) by examining the environmental drivers of primary production prior to, during, and after the decades‐long drought in the 1930s. We sought to explore differences among grassland types in resistance and resilience to drought, and to evaluate legacy effects resulting from spatially explicit processes during drought. We used county‐level cropland production data from 1926 to 1948 as a proxy for native grass production data. We regressed production data against a suite of models containing variables associated with climate, soils, land use, and drought indices prior to, during, and after drought. We used a dimension reduction approach to identify the locations of grassland boundaries in multivariate space defined by each model. Our results show that climate and soil factors predicted grass production prior to the drought, yet additional land use and erosion factors were needed to explain production in both drought and post‐drought. Grassland responses were most variable along ecotonal boundaries. Tallgrass prairie exhibited stronger production responses to precipitation and temperature compared with northern and southern mixed‐grass prairies during all periods. Tallgrass prairie counties along the ecotone with mixed‐grass prairies were more negatively impacted by soil loss from abandoned cropland during the drought compared with other tallgrass prairie counties. As the intensity and frequency of drought are predicted to increase, landscape‐scale variables and spatially explicit processes that govern novel production responses will need to be accounted for in explaining heterogeneity in grassland responses.
High cardiac output state due to pelvic arterio‐venous shunt: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ranjbar Maryam , Amin Ahmad , Amin Ali , Pouraliakbar Hamidreza , Mohamadifar Arezoo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe are presenting a 35‐year‐old woman with past medical history of disseminated leiomyomatosis who presented with heart failure symptoms and was found to have post‐capillary pulmonary hypertension and high cardiac output state in right heart catheterization secondary to a huge pelvic arterio‐venous fistula.
Combination of FSO and RF channels by using Ethernet link aggregation
Authors: Chen Biao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHybrid free‐space optical and radio frequency (FSO/RF) systems have attracted much attention for more than a decade because of their enhanced reliability and capacity as comparison to single FSO or RF systems. Existing schemes to construct such a hybrid system are usually to use either switching or encoding/decoding strategies for combination of channels. The proposed scheme, based on packet sharing strategy of Ethernet link aggregation, provides a different way to combine FSO and RF channels. Theoretical analysis and Experimental results show that the proposed scheme does enhance the reliability and utilize both channel capacities for a multi‐channel system. Moreover, this scheme is simple and scalable because more channels can be combined based on such a packet sharing strategy without modifying the physical channel structures, therefore, this scheme may provide a good solution for constructing an efficient and cost‐effective hybrid FSO/RF system.
Pseudo‐dynamic hybrid simulations of steel eccentrically braced frames equipped with cast steel replaceable modular yielding links
Authors: Mortazavi Pedram , Kwon Oh‐Sung , Christopoulos Constantin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have underlined the importance of establishing a database of high‐fidelity benchmark experimental test results under random loading histories such as earthquake excitations for both existing structural systems as well as newly proposed ones. Such experimental results are useful for understanding the limitations of previously developed numerical models, proposing new numerical models for more recently developed structural systems, better assessing the ultra‐low cycle fatigue (ULCF) life of energy dissipative components, and improving the loading protocols used for element assessments or developments of numerical model. This paper presents experimental results from pseudo‐dynamic hybrid simulations on steel eccentrically braced frames (EBF) equipped with novel cast steel replaceable modular yielding links. The first set of experiments are carried out on a four‐story EBF, with the first‐floor yielding link physically tested in the laboratory. The second set of experiments are performed on a two‐story EBF where the second‐floor link is physically tested in the laboratory, while considering axial loads due to the imbalanced distribution of the seismic weight in the building. Each building structure is subjected to three Maximum Credible Event (MCE) level earthquakes. A framework for performing hybrid simulations on EBFs is proposed where the response of the yielding link is physically captured in a single degree of freedom control system, with or without axial loads. A substructuring strategy is proposed in conjunction with a modeling approach in the integration module. The results confirm the effectiveness of the hybrid simulation framework, which can be adopted in similar studies. Two numerical models are proposed for capturing the response of cast steel links using a simplified and a more advanced approach. The models are first calibrated using incremental reversed‐cyclic experimental test results, and then refined using the hybrid simulation test results. The effects of this calibration improvement are quantified through critically comparing the response prediction for different response parameters before and after improving the calibration with the experimental results. The numerical model which captures the physical mechanism of the cast steel links provides a more accurate response prediction compared to the simplified numerical model using a phenomenological truss with calibrated force‐deformation. The remaining ULCF life of the tested yielding links is experimentally investigated after having sustained three MCE level earthquakes, which indicates a large reserve ductility capacity which is more than twice the required plastic rotation capacity for cast steel links after seismic events.
Huangjing—From medicine to healthy food and diet
Authors: Shi Yan , Liu Jingjing , Si Dun , Golding John B. , Pristijono Penta , Li Yongxin , He Fule , Zhang Xinfeng , Han Zhigang , Wu Lingshang , Chen Donghong , Si Jinping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiet‐related chronic diseases are becoming more common where many consumers and nutritionists are seeking food and lifestyle interventions to improve health and standard of living. To supplement regular dietary intake, scientists are seeking to develop new crops that are productive and nutritious, which can improve health outcomes. This review focused on the history of Huangjing as a medicine, healthy food as part of a diverse diet and as an input into pharmacology uses. The sustainable production of Huangjing and the development of health‐promoting Huangjing products are reviewed through consulting the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” along with other herbal textual research and modern research publications. Hence, the potential development of Huangjing as a regular part of a healthy diet is discussed. Huangjing has been used as medicine and food in China for over 2000 years. While it contains no starch, it is rich in fructan, saponins, and flavonoids, which have been reported to prevent and treat chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. As part of a healthy diet, Huangjing has been developed into innovative products used in meals, snacks, drinks, health foods, and drugs. Furthermore, Huangjing is a perennial plant, is suitable for cultivation in forests, and does not occupy fertile farmland. It is proposed to use the achievements of genomics and targeted precision breeding to make in‐forest cultivation of Huangjing more productive, comprehensively nutritious, and environmentally friendly and obtain high‐quality food from forests and mountains, providing Chinese wisdom for the global food and nutrition security issue.
Effect of fluid property variations on the effectiveness of a cryogenic heat exchanger
Authors: Etagi Anirudh , Katte Parinith , Talya Ananya , Mishra Ayushi , Krishna V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCryogenic heat exchangers are commonly used for industrial processes, such as air separation and natural gas liquefaction. Generally, the performance of heat exchangers is analyzed adopting constant properties for the working fluid. But, in cryogenic heat exchangers, fluids reach their critical states with significant variations in their properties. The current work is based on the effect of fluid property variations in the performance analysis of a two‐fluid countercurrent cryogenic heat exchanger subject to ambient heat in a leak. Finite element method–subdomain method is used to conduct the performance analysis. The effect of fluid property variations is analyzed considering effectiveness, ∈, as the performance parameter. The percentage deviation in the effectiveness value on considering fluid property variation is determined. The relationship between effectiveness ∈ and the number of transfer units (NTUs) is obtained by plotting the ∈‐NTU curve by varying the mass flow rate of the fluid flow. A maximum deviation of 16.108% in the effectiveness and 58.734% in the hot fluid exit temperature is obtained by considering fluid property variation.
Empowering higher energy sodium‐ion battery cathode by oxygen chemistry
Authors: Wan Guangying , Dou Wendi , Zhu Hanye , Zhang Wu , Liu Tiefeng , Wang Liguang , Lu Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSodium (Na) ion batteries (SIBs) promise low‐cost energy storage systems but are still restricted by insufficient energy density. Introducing oxygen (O) redox into the design of the Na‐storage cathode is presently considered an effective avenue to generate extra capacity in solving the energy density bottleneck. The succeeding issues are how to overcome the irreversible electrochemical behavior accompanied by O release. Meanwhile, the O redox chemistry and subsequent structural evolution remain ambiguous so far. Here, we deliberate on the O redox mechanism in Na‐storage transition metal oxides. Challenges associated with the reaction irreversibility and structural collapse are summarized by virtue of the advanced characterization techniques. Beyond that, strategies that potentially enhance the electrochemical properties of O redox and future research perspectives on exploring useable O redox cathode materials are outlined.
Positive correlation between the proximal femur Hounsfield units from routine CT and DXA results
Authors: Ye Kaifeng , Xing Yong , Zou Da , Zhou Fang , Zhang Zhishan , Du Guohong , Tian Yun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo determinate the correlation between the proximal femur Hounsfield unit (HU) value and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) results, and to identify its feasibility for opportunistic screening osteoporosis. A total of 680 patients underwent computed tomography (CT) containing proximal femur and DXA test within 6 months between 2010 and 2020 in our hospital. The CT HU value of four axial slices of the proximal femur were measured. The measurements were compared with the DXA results by Pearson correlation coefficient. Receiver operator characteristic curve were generated to identify the best cutoff for diagnosing osteoporosis. These 680 consecutive patients included 165 male and 515 female; the average age was 63.66 ± 11.36 years old, the mean interval time between two examinations was 45.43 days. The most representative CT HU value measurement was the 5‐mm slice measurement. The average CT HU value was 59.3 ± 36.5 HU, and the differences among the three DXA defined bone mineral density (BMD) categories were significant (all p < 0.001). The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the proximal femur CT values had strong positive correlation with femoral neck T‐score, femoral neck BMD and total hip BMD (r = 0.777, r = 0.748, r = 0.746, respectively; all p < 0.001). The area under the curve for CT value for diagnosing osteoporosis was 0.893 (p < 0.001), the best cutoff was 67 HU with 84% sensitivity, 80% specificity, 92% positive predictive value and 65% negative predictive value. Proximal femur CT values had good positive correlation with DXA results, which could be used to opportunistic screening for potential osteoporosis patient.
Totally real flat minimal surfaces in the hyperquadric
Authors: He Ling , Jiao Xiaoxiang , Li Mingyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study geometry of totally real minimal surfaces in the complex hyperquadric , and obtain some characterizations of the harmonic sequence generated by these minimal immersions. For totally real flat surfaces that are minimal immersed in both and , we determine them for , and give a classification theorem when they are Clifford solutions.
Epigenetic Association Analyses and Risk Prediction of RLS
Authors: Harrer Philip , Mirza‐Schreiber Nazanin , Mandel Vanessa , Roeber Sigrun , Stefani Ambra , Naher Shamsun , Wagner Matias , Gieger Christian , Waldenberger Melanie , Peters Annette , Högl Birgit , Herms Jochen , Schormair Barbara , Zhao Chen , Winkelmann Juliane , Oexle Konrad 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs opposed to other neurobehavioral disorders, epigenetic analyses and biomarkers are largely missing in the case of idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS).ObjectivesOur aims were to develop a biomarker for RLS based on DNA methylation in blood and to examine DNA methylation in brain tissues for dissecting RLS pathophysiology.MethodsMethylation of blood DNA from three independent cohorts (n = 2283) and post‐mortem brain DNA from two cohorts (n = 61) was assessed by Infinium EPIC 850 K BeadChip. Epigenome‐wide association study (EWAS) results of individual cohorts were combined by random‐effect meta‐analysis. A three‐stage selection procedure (discovery, n = 884; testing, n = 520; validation, n = 879) established an epigenetic risk score including 30 CpG sites. Epigenetic age was assessed by Horvath's multi‐tissue clock and Shireby's cortical clock.ResultsEWAS meta‐analysis revealed 149 CpG sites linked to 136 genes (P < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction) in blood and 23 CpG linked to 18 genes in brain (false discovery rate [FDR] < 5%). Gene‐set analyses of blood EWAS results suggested enrichments in brain tissue types and in subunits of the kainate‐selective glutamate receptor complex. Individual candidate genes of the brain EWAS could be assigned to neurodevelopmental or metabolic traits. The blood epigenetic risk score achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.70 (0.67–0.73) in the validation set, comparable to analogous scores in other neurobehavioral disorders. A significant difference in biological age in blood or brain of RLS patients was not detectable.ConclusionsDNA methylation supports the notion of altered neurodevelopment in RLS. Epigenetic risk scores are reliably associated with RLS but require even higher accuracy to be useful as biomarkers. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.