bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of black soldier fly, (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larval frass on tomato production
Authors: Chavez Maria Y , Uchanski Mark , Tomberlin Jeffery K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The “insects as food and feed” movement is gaining considerable momentum as a novel means to provide protein to people (i.e., food) and other animals (i.e., feed). Insects require significantly fewer resources, such as water and land, to produce, process, and distribute as a food or feed source. While the production of insect biomass has received considerable attention for use as food or feed, little is known about the value of the residual materials remaining after digestion. One insect, the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), can generate large quantities of residual (i.e., frass) that is high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. These materials could serve as a partial replacement for fertilizer or peat, thus creating added value to the insects as food and feed sector. Greenhouse studies were designed to investigate the use of frass in vegetable production. In pot studies with tomatoes, different ratios of peat:vermicompost and peat:insect frass were compared to a 100% peat control. Across all other parameters, tomato fruits and vegetative biomass did not produce significant differences across treatments, indicating results were comparable to the control (i.e., 100% peat). Thus, replacing peat with black soldier fly frass is a viable option and could allow for the peat industry to become more sustainable and regenerative. However, it should be noted that average individual tomato fruit weight was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher (by 19%) in the vermicompost 10% treatment compared to the control, which did not differ from treatments including black soldier fly frass.
Salvage percutaneous coronary intervention for failed graft itself three days after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass
Authors: Narita Masahiko , Kunioka Shingo , Kitani Yuya , Shirasaka Tomonori , Takeuchi Toshiharu , Kamiya Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass is preferred due to its less invasive nature; however, it carries the risk of graft failure owing to inherent technical challenges. We present a case where minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting was performed and graft failure was detected via coronary angiography 3 days post-operation. Successful percutaneous coronary intervention was subsequently performed on the failed graft itself to salvage myocardial cellular damage. Consequently, the combination of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass and percutaneous coronary intervention, both less-invasive revascularization approaches, effectively achieved the primary treatment objective.
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis real-world outcomes: Clinical features and risk factors associated with increased mortality
Authors: Henao-Martínez Andrés F , Corbisiero Michaele Francesco , Salter Ixchel , Chastain Daniel B , Thompson George R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe fungal infection that primarily affects immunocompromised patients and is associated with high mortality. Contemporary clinical characteristics of IPA and "real-world" estimates and predictors of associated mortality are inadequate. TriNetX, a global research network, was queried to identify adult patients with IPA diagnoses based on the ICD-10 code B44.0. We performed a propensity score-matched analysis comparing clinical characteristics among patients who survived versus non-survivors at 1 year. We identified 4371 patients with IPA. We found neoplasms, solid organ transplant recipients, hematologic malignancies, and aplastic anemia as the most predominant risk factors. The overall 1-year mortality was 32% for IPA. 1-year mortality was highest for patients with COVID-19 in the ICU, followed by those with acute myeloid leukemia and aplastic anemia (54%, 50%, and 39%, respectively). After propensity score matching, severe sepsis, pleural effusion, and candidiasis were mortality contributors within a year after diagnosis. Liver injury, systemic glucocorticoid exposure over the previous 6 months, lower lymphocyte and CD4 counts, elevated ferritin, LDH, thrombocytopenia, anemia, or elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were independent predictors of mortality at 1 year. Voriconazole was the most common treatment (67%). The annual incidence of IPA was 0.001%, increasing to 0.02% among critically ill patients in the ICU. IPA continues to have a very high mortality. We encourage prospective studies to validate and refine the identified clinical markers linked to increased mortality.
A candidate of binary black hole system in AGN with broad Balmer emission lines having quite different line widths
Authors: Zhang XueGuang 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, a candidate of sub-pc binary black hole (BBH) system is reported in SDSS J1257+2023 through different properties of broad Balmer emission lines. After subtractions of host galaxy contributions, Gaussian functions are applied to measure emission lines in SDSS J1257+2023, leading line width (second moment) 760 km s−1 of broad H β to be 0.69 times of line width 1100 km s−1 of broad H α, quite different from normal line width ratio 1.1 of broad H β to broad H α in quasars. The quite broader component in broad H α in SDSS J1257+2023 can be confirmed with confidence level higher than 5σ through F-test technique, through different model functions applied to measure emission lines. The broad Balmer emission lines having different line widths can be naturally explained by a BBH system with different obscurations on central two independent broad emission line regions. Meanwhile, through Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) light curves and corresponding phase folded light curves well described by sinusoidal function, BBH system expected optical quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) can be detected with periodicity about 1000 d, confirmed with confidence level higher than 3σ by generalized Lomb–Scargle periodogram. And through Continuous AutoRegressive process simulated light curves, confidence level higher than 2σ can be determined to support the optical QPOs in SDSS J1257+2023 not from intrinsic AGN activities, although the ZTF light curves have short time durations. Moreover, through oversimplified BBH system simulated results, studying different broad Balmer lines as signs of BBH systems in normal quasars with flux ratios around 4 of broad H α to broad H β could be done in near future.
Unraveling Prevalence and Effects of Deleterious Mutations in Maize Elite Lines across Decades of Modern Breeding
Authors: Sun Shichao , Wang Baobao , Li Changyu , Xu Gen , Yang Jinliang , Hufford Matthew B , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey , Wang Haiyang , Wang Li 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Future breeding is likely to involve the detection and removal of deleterious alleles, which are mutations that negatively affect crop fitness. However, little is known about the prevalence of such mutations and their effects on phenotypic traits in the context of modern crop breeding. To address this, we examined the number and frequency of deleterious mutations in 350 elite maize inbred lines developed over the past few decades in China and the United States. Our findings reveal an accumulation of weakly deleterious mutations and a decrease in strongly deleterious mutations, indicating the dominant effects of genetic drift and purifying selection for the two types of mutations, respectively. We also discovered that slightly deleterious mutations, when at lower frequencies, were more likely to be heterozygous in the developed hybrids. This is consistent with complementation as a potential explanation for heterosis. Subsequently, we found that deleterious mutations accounted for more of the variation in phenotypic traits than nondeleterious mutations with matched minor allele frequencies, especially for traits related to leaf angle and flowering time. Moreover, we detected fewer deleterious mutations in the promoter and gene body regions of differentially expressed genes across breeding eras than in nondifferentially expressed genes. Overall, our results provide a comprehensive assessment of the prevalence and impact of deleterious mutations in modern maize breeding and establish a useful baseline for future maize improvement efforts.
BLM helicase protein negatively regulates stress granule formation through unwinding RNA G-quadruplex structures
Authors: Danino Yehuda M , Molitor Lena , Rosenbaum-Cohen Tamar , Kaiser Sebastian , Cohen Yahel , Porat Ziv , Marmor-Kollet Hagai , Katina Corine , Savidor Alon , Rotkopf Ron , Ben-Isaac Eyal , Golani Ofra , Levin Yishai , Monchaud David , Hickson Ian D , Hornstein Eran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBloom's syndrome (BLM) protein is a known nuclear helicase that is able to unwind DNA secondary structures such as G-quadruplexes (G4s). However, its role in the regulation of cytoplasmic processes that involve RNA G-quadruplexes (rG4s) has not been previously studied. Here, we demonstrate that BLM is recruited to stress granules (SGs), which are cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates composed of RNAs and RNA-binding proteins. BLM is enriched in SGs upon different stress conditions and in an rG4-dependent manner. Also, we show that BLM unwinds rG4s and acts as a negative regulator of SG formation. Altogether, our data expand the cellular activity of BLM and shed light on the function that helicases play in the dynamics of biomolecular condensates.
CRISPR interference screens reveal growth–robustness tradeoffs inSynechocystissp. PCC 6803 across growth conditions
Authors: Miao Rui , Jahn Michael , Shabestary Kiyan , Peltier Gilles , Hudson Elton P 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBarcoded mutant libraries are a powerful tool for elucidating gene function in microbes, particularly when screened in multiple growth conditions. Here, we screened a pooled CRISPR interference library of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in 11 bioreactor-controlled conditions, spanning multiple light regimes and carbon sources. This gene repression library contained 21,705 individual mutants with high redundancy over all open reading frames and noncoding RNAs. Comparison of the derived gene fitness scores revealed multiple instances of gene repression being beneficial in 1 condition while generally detrimental in others, particularly for genes within light harvesting and conversion, such as antennae components at high light and PSII subunits during photoheterotrophy. Suboptimal regulation of such genes likely represents a tradeoff of reduced growth speed for enhanced robustness to perturbation. The extensive data set assigns condition-specific importance to many previously unannotated genes and suggests additional functions for central metabolic enzymes. Phosphoribulokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and the small protein CP12 were critical for mixotrophy and photoheterotrophy, which implicates the ternary complex as important for redirecting metabolic flux in these conditions in addition to inactivation of the Calvin cycle in the dark. To predict the potency of sgRNA sequences, we applied machine learning on sgRNA sequences and gene repression data, which showed the importance of C enrichment and T depletion proximal to the PAM site. Fitness data for all genes in all conditions are compiled in an interactive web application.
Use of extended reality in sleep health, medicine, and research: a scoping review
Authors: Goldsworthy Adrian , Chawla Jasneek , Birt James , Baumann Oliver , Gough Suzanne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
This scoping review explores the use of extended reality (virtual, augmented, and mixed reality) within sleep health, sleep medicine, and sleep research. It aims to provide insight into current uses and implementation considerations whilst highlighting directions for future research.

Methods
A systematic scoping review was undertaken informed by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses for scoping reviews and Johanna Briggs Institute.

Results
The use of virtual reality (VR) as a research tool in the investigation of areas such as dreaming and memory reactivation is growing. Thirty-one articles were identified in total with 20 utilizing VR to improve sleep as a clinical intervention.

Conclusions
Research exploring the utility of VR as a clinical intervention in various patient populations and clinical settings is therefore warranted. Researchers and clinicians should ensure that extended reality interventions are developed based on clinical reasoning and informed by evidence of both sleep medicine and the effects of virtual and augmented reality. Where possible future research should utilize up-to-date technology and reporting frameworks to assist in the translation of research into clinical practice.
Tbx2 knockdown alleviated sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder and neuron damages in aged rats via suppressing oxidative stress and ferroptosis
Authors: Xu Ying , Wang Xueting , Xu Ziyang , Sun Fengwei , Tian Yue 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Anesthesia with sevoflurane contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND), which is characterized by the deficiency in study and memory. T-Box transcription factor 2 (Tbx2), which is involved in the development of hippocampus neurons, was upregulated in the hippocampus of rats exposed to sevoflurane. Our study aimed to explore the role of Tbx2 in sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder and hippocampus neuron damages. The expression of Tbx2 in hippocampus was upregulated after sevoflurane exposure, which was accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, as well as the loss of neurons in hippocampus. In vitro, silencing Tbx2 suppressed oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by sevoflurane, whereas exogenous overexpression of Tbx2 exacerbated these processes. Importantly, Tbx2 knockdown improved sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder in aged rats, as evidenced by the increases in behavioral indexes. Mechanistically, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as the downstream nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling, was repressed by Tbx2. Mimicking the activation of BDNF with 7,8-dihydroxyflavone rescued the effects of Tbx2 overexpression on oxidative stress and ferroptosis in vitro, indicating that the BDNF/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling may mediate the role of Tbx2 in sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder and neuron damages. In summary, Tbx2 may contribute to neuronal damages via enhancing the oxidative stress and ferroptosis caused by sevoflurane. BDNF/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling mediates the role of Tbx2 in sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder. Knockdown of Tbx2 improves sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. Our finding provides a novel insight for PND treatment.
A mnemonic for managing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: El Hussein Mohamed Toufic , Favell Daniel 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common respiratory disorders in the world. Pharmacologic management of an acute exacerbation of COPD can be guided by the mnemonic ABC, for Antibiotics and anticholinergics, Beta2 adrenergic agonists, and Combination therapies and corticosteroids.
Post-Fasciotomy Classification System for Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Leg
Authors: Bouklouch Yasser , Bernstein Mitchell , Bosse Michael , Cota Adam , Duckworth Andrew D , Dunbar Robert P , Gamulin Axel , Guy Pierre , Hak David J , Haller Justin M , Hayda Roman , Jarragh Ali , Johnstone Alan J , Karunakar Madhav , Lawendy Abdel-Rahman , Leighton Ross , Mavrogenis Andreas F , Mauffrey Cyril , Miclau Theodore , Obremskey William T , Renninger Chris , Sanders David W , Schmidt Andrew H , Schneider Prism , Sen Milan K , Taitsman Lisa , Van Lancker Hans , Harvey Edward J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a true emergency. Even with urgent fasciotomy there is often muscle damage and need for further surgery. Although ACS is not uncommon, no validated classification system exists to aid in efficient and clear communication. The aim of this study was to establish and validate a classification system for the consequences of ACS treated with fasciotomy.

Methods:
Using a modified Delphi method, an international panel of ACS experts was assembled to both establish a grading scheme for the disease and then validate the classification system. The goal was to articulate discrete grades of ACS related to fasciotomy findings and associated costs. A pilot analysis was used to determine questions that were clear to the respondents. Discussion of this analysis resulted in another round of cases used for 24 other raters. The twenty-four individuals implemented the classification system two separate times to compare outcomes for 32 clinical cases. The accuracy and reproducibility of the classification system were subsequently calculated based on the providers' responses.

Results:
The Fleiss’ Kappa of all raters was at 0.711 showing a strong agreement between the 24 raters. Secondary validation was performed for paired 276 raters and correlation was tested using the Kendall coefficient. The median correlation coefficient was 0.855. All 276 pairs had statistically significant correlation. Correlation coefficient between the first and second rating sessions was strong with the median pair scoring at 0.867. All surgeons had statistically significant internal consistency.

Conclusion:
This new ACS classification system may be applied to better understand the impact of ACS on patient outcomes and economic costs for leg ACS.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Risk for Developmental Delay Among Infants Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Giesbrecht Gerald F. , Lebel Catherine , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Silang Katherine , Xie E. Bailin , Tough Suzanne , McDonald Sheila , Tomfohr-Madsen Lianne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:

Objective:
Attempts by governments around the world to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 have substantially altered the early rearing environment, raising concerns about potential negative consequences for babies born during this time. The objective of this study was to determine whether infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic were at greater risk of screening positive for developmental delay compared with infants born before the pandemic.

Methods:
Participants were from 2 longitudinal cohorts. The prepandemic cohort, Impact of Maternal and Paternal Postpartum Depression, recruited postpartum individuals in the period between 2015 and 2018. Infant development milestone data (Ages and Stages Questionnaire [ASQ-3]) were collected at 1-year postpartum (n = 2903), between 2016 and 2019. The pandemic cohort, Pregnancy during the Pandemic, recruited pregnant individuals between April 2020 and April 2021. Infant development milestone data (ASQ-3) were collected at 1-year postpartum (n = 3742), between May 2021 and December 2022. Sociodemographic information, pregnancy outcomes, and depression symptom data were also collected.

Results:
In covariate-adjusted analyses, pandemic-born infants had lower mean scores and higher odds of screening positive for delay on the Communication, Gross Motor, and Personal-Social domains of the ASQ-3 compared with prepandemic infants. Sex differences showed that males and females screened “at risk” in different domains.

Conclusion:
Most pandemic-born infants display typical development, and differences between prepandemic and pandemic-born infants were small. Nevertheless, an increased risk for delayed development among pandemic-born infants suggests the need for ongoing monitoring to determine what, if any, resources and interventions are needed to support healthy child development.
Two Types of Variational Artery’s Course from the Superior Mesenteric Artery to Supply the Splenic Flexure: Gross Anatomical Study
Authors: Okazaki Tomokazu , Omotehara Takuya , Kawata Shinichi , Amano Takahiro , Enomoto Masanobu , Nagakawa Yuichi , Itoh Masahiro 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation is a standard method for colon cancer. However, there is no consensus on its procedure, especially for cancer in the splenic flexure of the transverse colon. This is because various types of variational arteries are distributed to the region, and their running course below and near the pancreas leads to difficulty in ligating the artery.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to clarify the arterial distribution to the SF of the transverse colon using cadavers.

DESIGN:
The arteries in the transverse mesocolon distributed to the colon were dissected in cadavers, and their route was quantitatively visualized using drawing software.

SETTINGS:
This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University.

PATIENTS:
Sixty cadavers donated to Tokyo Medical University in 2017–2021 were used.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The arterial courses to the splenic flexure of the transverse colon in the mesocolon and their patterns were evaluated.

RESULTS:
We found 34 variational arteries distributed to the splenic flexure of the transverse colon. Most originated from the superior mesenteric artery and middle colic artery, with their typical course below the pancreas. We identified another arterial course, crossing the mesocolon away from the pancreas toward the splenic flexure of the transverse colon. Furthermore, the origin of these arteries was not behind the pancreas and can be found in the caudal region of the pancreas.

LIMITATIONS:
We cannot discuss how the arteries within the transverse mesocolon are observed by computed tomography examination.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study showed two types of arterial courses (below the pancreas and within the mesocolon) toward the splenic flexure of the transverse colon for the first time. In the latter case, the complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation is likely performed more easily than in the former.