bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of maternal food habits in periconceptional life with the occurrence of birth defects
Authors: Shams Nusrat , Laila Alif , Parvin Jobaida , Mohsin Mohammad , Hossain Ahmed 
Published: July 2023

Background: Maternal periconceptional period can be defined as the critical window surrounding the period of conception. The periconceptional period consists of preconception, conception, implantation, placentation and embryo or organogenesis stages, and specific cellular events that occur during the distinct stages of embryogenesis. On the other hand, birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body. They may affect how the body looks, works, or both. This study aimed to find maternal food habits in periconceptional life with the occurrence of birth defects.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in both the Pediatric Surgery and Medicine Department of Dhaka Shishu (children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2012 to December 2013. In total 280 ‘0-364 days old infants’ were included as the study subjects and divided into two equal groups in number, cases having a structural birth defect and controls without any birth defect. A pretested questionnaire was introduced after getting informed written consent from the mothers. Data were analyzed by statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 16.0 version, by univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses and were presented by tables and graphs.
Results: In this study, most of the defects were distributed to the gastrointestinal system (18%), genito urinary system (16%), CVS (14%), NTD (13%), defect of the face (13%) and skull (11%). The isolated defect was in 80% of patients, multiple defects in 17% of patients and 3% syndromes were present. In this study, mothers ‘who took no meat/week’, ‘who took no fish/week’, ‘who took no egg/week’, ‘who took no milk/week’, experienced BD more and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between the groups. However, mothers who took vegetables less than once/week experienced BD more frequently, but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: In maternal food habits; less intake of meat, fish, milk and egg is significantly correlated with the occurrence of birth defects but there is not any significant correlation with vegetable intake.
Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis: Case Report
Authors: Sitar Sara , Treiber Milena 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (NMG) results from the transplacental transfer of antibodies of mothers with an autoimmune form of myasthenia gravis. The clinical presentation develops in 10%–20% of their children. This study aimed to present a case of a newborn with transient myasthenia gravis (MG) born to a mother diagnosed with MG.
Case presentation: The disease manifested itself as generalized hypotonia, weak cry, respiratory distress, poor sucking, and facial diplegia. The symptoms were usually self-limiting, and transient supportive treatment was required. A diagnostic test was a good clinical response of the child to the administration of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. After the clearance of antibodies from the child's blood, long-term therapy was not necessary and the disease resolved. Treatment was supportive and included the administration of smaller and more frequent meals via a tube, noninvasive or invasive support of respiratory function, and use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (neostigmine and pyridostigmine).
Conclusion: Pediatric patients diagnosed with transient NMG are extremely rare in everyday clinical practice, and hence it is important to be familiar with it.
Das optimierte, digitalisierte und identitätsflexible Selbst – Von modernen Herausforderungen und psychoanalytischen Möglichkeitsräumen
Authors: Lüder Jenny 
Published: July 2023

In der Moderne hat sich ein Selbst herausgebildet, in welchem sich das Bestreben nach Optimierung über digitale Möglichkeits- und Vergleichsräume mit einer steten Identitätsarbeit verbindet. Das moderne Selbst ist optimiert, digitalisiert und (identitäts-) flexibel. Es scheint dabei zunehmend verunsichert und überfordert durch unerreichbare Ideale der neoliberalen Marktlogik und durch die hohe Komplexität der globalisierten, beschleunigten und sich ständig verändernden Welt mit ihren Krisen und Konflikten.
Die Psychoanalyse bietet durch ihre Beleuchtungs- und Integrationsfähigkeit Potentiale, um die Aufgaben, Herausforderungen und Gefahren der Moderne zu erkunden und zu verstehen. Dazu darf sie sich aber nicht der kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit sich selbst verschliessen und muss eigene gesellschaftspolitische Verschränkungen reflektieren.
Die persönlichen Erfahrungen der Autorin während einer Veranstaltung der Group Analytic Society International (GASI) im Sommer 2022 dienen der einleitenden Heranführung an das Thema. Im Weiteren werden – unter Bezugnahme auf das Beispiel des Umgangs mit der Corona-Pandemie – zentrale Fragmente und Herausforderungen des modernen Selbst näher beleuchtet. Abschliessend wird dargestellt, wie sich durch Reflexion und psychodynamische Betrachtungen Möglichkeitsräume eröffnen, die den Herausforderungen und Gefahren, mit denen sich das moderne Selbst konfrontiert sieht, etwas entgegenhalten können.
Illusionen der Verwandlung
Authors: Dienst Gregor 
Published: July 2023

Anhand zweier Fallvignetten wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit eine Dynamik der Selbstflucht dargestellt, bei der das Subjekt sich in immer wieder hergestellten Situationen des Aufbruchs in etwas potenziell Neues einrichtet, ohne je wirklich irgendwo ankommen zu können. Ausgehend von Christoper Bollas’ Konzept des Verwandlungsobjekts sowie Über­legungen zum Narzissmus von Neville Symington wird herausgearbeitet, dass es dabei um die Reproduktion illusionärer Verwandlungserfahrungen geht. Diese ermöglichen eine Dissoziation von nicht­integrierten Anteilen und damit die Herstellung einer narzisstisch verzerrten Selbstwahrnehmung. Die unaufhörliche Reproduktion dieser scheinbar transformativen Erfahrungen dient der unbewussten Fantasie, die Realität des Selbst, in all ihren Zumutungen und Kränkungen, negieren und ein davon befrei­tes Sein realisieren zu können.
Durch die Bindung an immer neue illusionäre Verwandlungsobjekte, die diesem Zustand der «Schwebe» über negierten Selbst­-Anteilen zugrunde liegt, geht jedoch die Fähigkeit und Möglichkeit verloren, sich in der Beziehung zum anderen real zu erfahren und, letztlich, das eigene Selbst zu realisieren.
Petrosamine Revisited. Experimental and Computational Investigation of Solvatochromism, Tautomerism and Free Energy Landscapes of a Pyridoacridinium Quaternary Salt
Authors: Gartshore Christopher J. , Su Yongxuan , Molinski Tadeusz F. F. 
Published: July 2023

Petrosamine (1) – a colored pyridoacridine alkaloid from the Belizean sponge, Petrosia sp. that is also a potent inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) – was investigated by spectroscopic and computational methods. Analysis of the petrosamine free energy landscapes, pKa and tautomerism revealed an accurate electronic depiction of the molecular structure of 1 as the di-keto form, with net charge of q = +1, rather than a dication (q = +2) under ambient conditions of isolation-purification. The pronounced solvatochromism (UV-vis) reported for 1, and related analogs, was investigated in detail and is best explained by charge delocalization and stabilization of the ground state (HOMO) of 1 rather than an equilibrium of competing tautomers. Refinement of the molecular structure of 1 by QM methods complements published computational docking studies to define the contact points in the enzyme active site that may improve design of new AChE inhibitors based on the pyridoacridine alkaloid molecular skeleton.
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with activity-based therapy leads to sensorimotor improvements in chronic, thoracic spinal cord injuries – a pilot study
Authors: Suggitt Jenny , Symonds Jane , D'Amico Jessica 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Conclusion: Sub-threshold thoracolumbar tSCS facilitates recovery of trunk sensorimotor function in individuals with chronic SCI. Improvements required at least 60 tSCS-ABT sessions, with further exposure to tSCS facilitating continued improvements in function. These findings demonstrate that prolonged training with tSCS-ABT is an effective neuromodulation intervention for individuals with SCI.
Study Design: Clinical trial
Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of prolonged treatment with transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).
Setting: Community-based neurorehabilitation centers in United Kingdom.
Methods: Five participants with chronic, thoracic SCI completed 120 activity-based therapy sessions combined with sub-threshold tSCS delivered over the thoracolumbar spine (tSCS-ABT). Sensorimotor changes were assessed using NeuroRecovery Scale (NRS) at baseline and every 20 sessions, and International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) at baseline, 40 and 120 sessions.
Results: NRS-Total and NRS-Trunk scores significantly improved following 120 sessions of tSCS-ABT (∆1.1 (95% CI 0.2–1.9) and ∆2.3 (95% CI 1.2–3.3], respectively), with these improvements dependent upon training dosage (F1.460, 5.840 =7.573, p=0.028, η2=0.65, F2.045, 8.180 =10.571, p=0.005, η2=0.73, respectively). Consistent with these findings, improved ISNCSCI sensation to pinprick (Δ2.8 (1.9), (95% CI 0.4–5.2), p<0.05) and light touch (Δ1.8 (0.8), (95% CI 0.8–2.8), p<0.01) were observed only after 120 tSCS-ABT sessions. Three individuals demonstrated improved ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) classifications (A to C; B to C; C to D), with three individuals also demonstrating changes in level of injury (T6 to T11; T10 to T11; T10 to T11).
Securing Quantum Communication: An IBM Quantum Lab Simulation Study of the Enhanced BB84 Protocol with Error Correction and Privacy Amplification.
Authors: Biswas Sujit , Goswami Rajat Subhra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Quantum cryptography is a technique used in the area of cryptography that relies on quantum mechanics to securely transfer a key between two parties. The BB84 protocol is a well-known quantum cryptography method that produces a shared key between Alice and Bob by using the polarisation states of photons. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis and implementation of the BB84 protocol with polarization states, using the IBM Quantum Lab Simulator. We demonstrated key generation, error correction, and privacy amplification steps, along with a theoretical analysis of security against eavesdropping attacks of the proposed protocol. Furthermore, the practical limitations and considerations for implementing the protocol are discussed, such as the effects of noise and decoherence in realistic quantum systems. Our findings suggest that the Enhanced BB84 Protocol with Error Correction and Privacy Amplification is a promising approach for secure key distribution in quantum communication and could serve as a foundation for future developments in quantum cryptography.
Evolutionary history of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and genomic signatures of obligate symbiosis
Authors: Rosling Anna , Sahraei Shadi Eshghi , Khan Faheema Kalsoom , Desirò Alessandro , Bryson Abigail , Mondo Stephen , Grigoriev Igor , Bonito Gregory , Sánchez-García Marisol 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The colonization of land and the diversification of terrestrial plants is intimately linked to the evolutionary history of their symbiotic fungal partners. Extant representatives of these fungal lineages include mutualistic plant symbionts, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and related ectomycorrhizal fungi in Endogonales, as well as fungi with saprotrophic, pathogenic and endophytic lifestyles. These fungal groups separate into three monophyletic lineages but their evolutionary relationships remain enigmatic confounding ancestral reconstructions. Their taxonomic ranks are currently fluid.
Results
In this study, we recognize these three monophyletic linages as phyla, and use a balanced taxon sampling and broad taxonomic representation for phylogenomic analysis that rejects a hard polytomy and resolves Glomeromycota as sister to Mucoromycota and Mortierellomycota. Low copy numbers of genes associated with plant cell wall degradation could not be assigned to the transition to a plant symbiotic lifestyle but appears to be an ancestral phylogenetic signal. Glomeromycota have distinct gene content and the lack of fatty acid synthesis genes is specific to this lineage. Further, gene content analysis demonstrates that many genes previously thought to be missing specifically in Glomeromycota are either missing in all analyzed phyla, or in some cases, are actually present in some of the AM fungal lineages analyzed here, e.g. the phosphorus transporter Pho89.
Conclusion
Based on a broad taxon sampling of fungal genomes we present a well-supported phylogeny for AM fungi and their sister lineages. We show that both cases of evolutionary transitions to mutualistic plant symbiosis happened in a genomic background profoundly different from that known from the emergence of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Dikarya. These results call for further reevaluation of genomic signatures associated with plant symbiosis.
Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems
Authors: Park Hee Chul , Ryu Jung-Wan , Han Jae-Ho , Yi Chang-Hwan , Park Moon Jip 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Eigenstate coalescence in non-Hermitian systems is widely observed in diverse scientific domains encompassing optics and open quantum systems. Recent investigations have revealed that adiabatic encircling of exceptional points (EPs) leads to a nontrivial Berry phase in addition to an exchange of eigenstates. Based on these phenomena, we propose in this work an exhaustive classification framework for EPs in non-Hermitian physical systems. In contrast to previous classifications that only incorporate the eigenstate exchange effect, our proposed classification gives rise to finer Z2 classifications depending on the presence of a π Berry phase after the encircling of the EPs. Moreover, by mapping arbitrary one-dimensional systems to the adiabatic encircling of EPs, we can classify one-dimensional non-Hermitian systems characterized by topological phase transitions involving EPs. Applying our exceptional classification to various one-dimensional models, such as the non-reciprocal Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model, we exhibit the potential for enhancing the understanding of topological phases in non-Hermitian systems. Additionally, we address exceptional bulk-boundary correspondence and the emergence of distinct topological boundary modes in non-Hermitian systems.
Design and FEA of die sets for backpressure extrusion processes: A case study for twist extrusion
Authors: Tarasov Oleksandr , Pavlenko Dmytro , Kotsyuba Viktor , Vasylieva Liudmyla , Tkach Daria 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The research focused on the development of a new die set for the implementation of pressure-assisted stamping technologies using the twist extrusion (TE) process as an example. The TE process belongs to the group of severe plastic deformation methods (SPD) and is a typical representative of this group of technologies. The main challenge in creating such die sets is the complex kinematics of the tool movement, a large stroke of the deforming tool, and increased height of the stamping block construction, which results in significant deformation of the structure. Similar problems arise in the implementation of hydroforming, stamping of elongated blanks, and pressing of parts from powder materials such as high bushings. The analysis of constructive and technological solutions implemented in existing die sets for SPD with TE has been carried out. The practical experience of operating die sets and equipment for obtaining billets of alloys of various classes in pilot and serial production is analyzed. As a result, requirements were developed for implementing the force, kinematic, and thermal. Analysis of the cycle of movement of the working tool during the operation of the die set showing that expanding the technological capabilities of universal hydraulic presses is necessary to implement this group of processes. It is proposed to use temporary mechanical fixation of the device parts relative to the moving elements of the hydraulic cylinders and the press frame. It allows expanding the technological capabilities of universal hydropress when implementing TE. The load transfer scheme to the base of the stamping die has been modified, improving the design's manufacturability and reducing deformation during maintenance operations. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed solutions have been identified based on practical industrial experience with the proposed stamping die design. To further improve the stamping block, finite element analysis was performed to examine the loading of its structural elements during operation. Based on the modeling, structural solutions were proposed for attaching the working tool and guiding nodes of the design, which reduce the influence of elastic deformation on the die's performance. The ways of further developing the design of dies of a similar class to improve their technical characteristics are proposed.
Investigation of Thrombogenic Risk Factors in Young Adult Male Sportsmen Members of a Rowing Club in Bydgoszcz.
Authors: Wysocki Kamil , Koszarska Magdalena , Bartel Iga , Matin Maima , Tomasik Cyprian , Ksepka Natalia , Słomko Witold , Wiciński Michał 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Athletes represent one of the population groups at risk of thrombosis. Microtraumas and dehydration resulting from intense physical activity represent some of the important causes of thrombosis among athletes. Both blood clotting parameters (PT, INR, APTT, Fb, TT) and tissue damage parameters (H-FABP, L-FABP) are used to monitor thrombosis risks.
Aim
The aim of the study was to check the impact of sportsmen's physical activity on blood coagulation processes and myocardial microinjuries in young adult male sportsmen members (18–25 years old) of a rowing club in Bydgoszcz.
Results
Comparing the results of athletes before and after 6 months of training season, a statistically significant increase in the following parameters: PT (12.03 ± 0.76 vs. 13.51 ± 0.72 s; p < 0.01), INR (1.03 ± 0.07 vs. 1.14 ± 0.06; p < 0.01), APPT (28.73 ± 3.27 vs. 33.31 ± 5.63 s; p < 0.01) and TT (20.62 ± 0.97 vs. 22.49 ± 1.41 s; p < 0.01) was observed. Analyzing the results between the control group (non-sportsmen) and the study group before training, the following changes were observed: APTT (35.26 ± 6.74 vs. 28.73 ± 3.27 s; p < 0.01), HGMCR (750.17 ± 59.23 vs. 569.38 ± 51.24 ng/L; p < 0.01) and L-FABP (329.16 ± 92.04 vs. 151.80 ± 70.10 ng/L; p = 0.02) and an increase in H-FABP level (2.75 ± 1.32 vs. 4.14 ± 1.30 ng/mL; p < 0.01). Comparing the values between the control group and the study group, but after training, an increase in the value for PT (12.88 ± 1.41 vs. 13.51 ± 0.72 s; p = 0.02), INR (1.09 ± 0.13 vs. 1.14 ± 0.06; p = 0.02), TT (20.64 ± 1.43 vs. 22.49 ± 1.41 s; p < 0.01) and H-FABP (2.75 ± 1.32 vs. 3.94 ± 1.47 ng/L; p < 0.01) and decrease in HGMCR activity (750.17 ± 59.23 vs. 581.47 ± 51.25 ng/L; p < 0.01) were observed. There was also a strong positive correlation between HGMCR and H-FABP (r = 0.77) and a strong negative correlation between TT and Fb (r = -0.808) and between TT and APTT (r = -0.424).
Conclusions
Summarizing our study, we confirm that the physical activity in sportsmen, especially overtraining, may have an impact on blood coagulation processes and may also lead to the microdamage of the heart muscle.
Assessing Acute Thermal Assays as a Rapid Screening Tool for Coral Restoration
Authors: Klepac Courtney N , Petrik Chelsea , Karabelas Eleftherios , Owens Jaselyn , Hall Emily R , Muller Erinn M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Escalating environmental threats to coral reefs coincides with global advancements in coral restoration programs. To improve long-term efficacy, practitioners must consider incorporating genotypes resilient to ocean warming and disease while maintaining genetic diversity. Identifying such genotypes typically occurs under long-term exposures that mimic natural stressors, but these experiments can be time-consuming, costly, and introduce tank effects, hindering scalability for hundreds of nursery genotypes used for outplanting. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of the acute Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS) against long-term exposures on the bleaching response of Acropora cervicornis, the dominant restoration species in Florida’s Coral Reef. Comparing bleaching metrics, Fv/Fm, chlorophyll, and host protein, we observed similar responses between the long-term heat and the CBASS treatment of 34.3°C, which was also the calculated bleaching threshold. This suggests the potential of CBASS as a rapid screening tool, with 90% of restoration genotypes exhibiting similar bleaching tolerances. However, variations in acute bleaching phenotypes arose from measurement timing and experiment heat accumulation, cautioning against generalizations solely based on metrics like Fv/Fm. These findings hold promise for improving the efficacy of screening coral restoration genotypes and determining their relative tolerance for restoration interventions.
Study of electrode feeding method for EDM hollowing
Authors: Feng ZiLong , Liu Zhidong , Wu XiaoChuan , Yue XiuLei , Qiu Mingbo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to minimize the subsequent cutting of aerospace structural parts of difficult-to-machine materials such as high-temperature alloys and to shorten the machining cycle, this paper proposes a machining method that uses electrical discharge machining (EDM) for initial hollowing. The method adopts a U-shaped fine copper tube electrode, with an open row of holes on this electrode in the processing area and uses deionized water as a working medium to take advantage of the jet effect. The copper tube electrode in the processing area takes part in reciprocating movement to complete the EDM hollowing processing. Three types of feeds — linear feed, S-shaped feed, and lateral reciprocating feed — were designed for the copper tube electrodes. The material removal rate and relative electrode loss rate of the three feeds are compared and the etching mechanism is analyzed. It is found that the transverse reciprocating feed has the highest material removal rate, 29.99 mm3/min, which is 255% and 135% greater than those of the linear feed and S-shaped feed, respectively. The relative electrode loss rate of the transverse reciprocating feed is the lowest, at 3%, less by 60% and 46%, respectively, than for the linear feed and the S-shaped feed. The interpolar medium flow field formed by the lateral reciprocating feed is found to be more conducive to chip discharge. At the same time, the lateral reciprocating feed creates a mixed gas-liquid medium environment between the poles, which increases the breakdown voltage and increases the discharge gap. These result are favorable to the discharge of etched products, thus improving the material removal rate and the processing stability.