bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bayesian assessment of CMIP6 surface net radiation predictions for Köppen–Geiger climate zones
Authors: Liu Zhu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKöppen–Geiger climate zones were originally constructed to designate the manifold climates to reflect the mean spatial climate characteristics, which includes the Tropical Zone, Dry Zone, Temperate Zone, Continental Zone and Polar Zone. In this study, 20 CMIP6 models are applied to evaluate historical net radiation (Rn) climatology during 1950–2014 for the five Köppen–Geiger climate zones, respectively. Additionally, Bayesian model averaging (BMA) approach is applied to obtain the multimodel weighted average predictions, which are further used to assess the seasonal variation of net radiation and decadal trends for far historical period (1951–1970), middle historical period (1971–1990) and near historical period (1991–2010), respectively. Moreover, the Bayesian‐Gaussian mixture PDFs are generated for global land surface as well as five climate zones to quantify the uncertainty associated with the BMA predictions. Results indicate that the global land surface Rn is overestimated in general with significant diversity in different climate zones. In addition, Rn prediction from BMA model is more accurate and reliable than individual models. The highest Rn occurs in JJA for Polar Zone and Continental Zone. However, as for zones in lower latitudes, the peaks of Rn reach slightly earlier. The Rn has decreasing trends for Tropical Zone, Continental Zone and Temperate Zones during far historical period; however, it becomes to increasing trends after 1970s, which is strongly related with anthropogenic global warming. In addition, compared to other zones, there exists smallest prediction uncertainty associated with BMA prediction for Dry Zone.
Density fractionation reworked: Reduce material and costs
Authors: Liebmann Patrick , Mewes Ole , Guggenberger Georg 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil density fractionation is a common tool to separate organic matter of different function and turnover. But it has not been tested so far how much soil material is necessary to obtain reproducible results. A reduction of chemicals like polytungstate would further save valuable resources. Here, we show that soil weight reduction from 25 to 5 g was not significantly affecting fractionation results. Compared to the commonly used 10–25 g, this corresponds to a saving of resources of up to 80%.
Occurrence of N‐nitrosodimethylamine in roasted Alaska pollock fillets during processing and storage and preliminary cancer risk assessment
Authors: Sun Yong , Jiang Bing , Wang Xiaoli , Liu Nan , Yang Min , Wang Shanshan , Guo Yingying , Zhou Deqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDried and salt‐fermented fish products are important sources of N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) exposure for human. As a potent carcinogen, NDMA was frequently detected in roasted Alaska pollock fillet products (RPFs), which is among the most common fish products in China. Until now, the occurrence and development of NDMA and its precursors (nitrites, nitrates and dimethylamine) in RPFs during processing and storage were not well elucidated, and safety evaluation of this fish product is also urgently needed.RESULTSThe presence of precursors in the raw material was verified and significant increase of nitrates and nitrites during processing was observed. NDMA was found generated during pre‐drying (3.7 μg kg−1 dry basis) and roasting (14.6 μg kg−1 dry basis) process. Continuous increase in NDMA content can also be found during storage, especially at higher storage temperature. The 95th percentile of Monte Carlo simulated cancer risk (3.73 × 10−5) surpassed the WHO threshold (1.00 × 10−5) and sensitivity analysis implies the risk was mainly attributable to NDMA level in RPFs.CONCLUSIONThe occurrence of NDMA in RFPs was mainly a result of endogenous factors originating in Alaska pollock during processing and storage rather than exogenous contamination, and temperature played a pivotal role. The preliminary risk assessment results suggest that long‐term consumption of RPFs would impose potential health risks for consumers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Two‐year outcomes of temperature‐controlled radiofrequency device treatment of the nasal valve for patients with nasal airway obstruction
Authors: Yao William C. , Pritikin Jordan , Sillers Michael J. , Barham Henry P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate long‐term symptom improvements in patients with nasal airway obstruction (NAO) secondary to nasal valve collapse (NVC) following minimally invasive temperature‐controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) treatment.MethodsA prospective, single‐arm, multicenter study in patients >18 years with NAO due to NVC. Inclusion criteria were response to nasal valve dilation (e.g., modified Cottle maneuver) and baseline Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale score ≥60. Patients were treated in the nasal valve region with a TCRF device and followed through 2 years. A responder was ≥20% reduction NOSE Scale score or ≥1 reduction in severity class.ResultsA total of 122 patients were treated and 91 reached 2 years. The mean baseline NOSE Scale score was 80.3 (95% CI, 78.1–82.6). The adjusted mean change in score at 2 years was −45.8 (95% CI, −53.5 to −38.1), p < 0.001; a 57.0% improvement. The 2‐year responder rate was 90.1% (95% CI, 82.3%–94.7%). Significant and sustained symptom improvement was achieved in subpopulations based on sex, age, body mass index, baseline NAO severity, nasal surgery history, NVC mechanism, septal deviation, and other anatomic contributors of NAO. No serious adverse events with a relationship to the study device and/or procedure were reported.ConclusionsMinimally invasive TCRF device treatment of the internal nasal valve for NAO is well tolerated and leads to significant and sustained improvement in NAO symptom severity through 2 years, including in patients with both static and dynamic NVC, septal deviation, turbinate enlargement, or prior nasal surgery.Level of Evidence2b.
Effects of isothermal and interrupted aging on mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of an Al–Cu–Mg alloy
Authors: Majumder Soumyajeet , Rao R. Govinda , Rout Prasanta Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAl–Cu–Mg alloys are extensively used in the area of the aerospace industry for the construction of aviation parts due to their extremely good mechanical properties. Al–Cu–Mg alloys achieve high strength through various heat treatments. However, aluminum alloys at peak strength conditions, are highly susceptible to various forms of corrosion, such as pitting corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and environment‐induced cracking. In this investigation, the Al–Cu–Mg alloy was solution treated and isothermally aged to develop quenched, under‐aged, peak‐aged (PA), and over‐aged tempers. Furthermore, interrupted aging treatment was then carried out to develop T6I6 temper. Aging behavior was then studied using hardness data, tensile data, and differential scanning calorimetry. The corrosion behavior of all tempers was studied by measuring open circuit potential and by linear potentiodynamic polarization. It is observed that PA temper exhibits good mechanical properties but poor resistance to corrosion, while T6I6 alloy temper exhibits the best mechanical properties along with the highest corrosion resistance.
Schwarzian derivative, Painlevé XXV–Ermakov equation, and Bäcklund transformations
Authors: Carillo Sandra , Chichurin Alexander , Filipuk Galina , Zullo Federico 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe role of Schwarzian derivative in the study of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is revisited. Solutions and invariances admitted by Painlevé XXV–Ermakov equation, Ermakov equation, and third‐order linear equation in a normal form are shown to be based on solutions of the Schwarzian equation. Starting from the Riccati equation and the second‐order element of the Riccati chain as the simplest examples of linearizable equations, by introducing a suitable change of variables, it is shown how the Schwarzian derivative represents a key tool in the construction of solutions. Two families of Bäcklund transformations, which link the linear and nonlinear equations under investigation, are obtained. Some analytical examples are given and discussed.
A study of extremal parameter for fractional singular Choquard problem
Authors: Mishra Pawan Kumar , Tripathi Vinayak Mani 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, we study the singular problem involving fractional Laplacian operator perturbed with a Choquard nonlinearity using the idea of constrained minimization based on Nehari manifold. Precisely, for some , we have proved the existence of two solutions when the parameter , adding to the existing works dealing with multiplicity of solutions when the parameter λ strictly lies below . We have given a variational characterization of the parametric value , which is an extremal value of the parameter λ involved in the problem up to which the Nehari manifold method can be applied successfully. The paper highlights a fine analysis via fibering maps even for to establish an existence of two different positive solutions for the underlying problem.
Sampling strategies and integrated reconstruction for reducing distortion and boundary slice aliasing in high‐resolution 3D diffusion MRI
Authors: Li Ziyu , Miller Karla L. , Andersson Jesper L. R. , Zhang Jieying , Liu Simin , Guo Hua , Wu Wenchuan 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo develop a new method for high‐fidelity, high‐resolution 3D multi‐slab diffusion MRI with minimal distortion and boundary slice aliasing.MethodsOur method modifies 3D multi‐slab imaging to integrate blip‐reversed acquisitions for distortion correction and oversampling in the slice direction (kz) for reducing boundary slice aliasing. Our aim is to achieve robust acceleration to keep the scan time the same as conventional 3D multi‐slab acquisitions, in which data are acquired with a single direction of blip traversal and without kz‐oversampling. We employ a two‐stage reconstruction. In the first stage, the blip‐up/down images are respectively reconstructed and analyzed to produce a field map for each diffusion direction. In the second stage, the blip‐reversed data and the field map are incorporated into a joint reconstruction to produce images that are corrected for distortion and boundary slice aliasing.ResultsWe conducted experiments at 7T in six healthy subjects. Stage 1 reconstruction produces images from highly under‐sampled data (R = 7.2) with sufficient quality to provide accurate field map estimation. Stage 2 joint reconstruction substantially reduces distortion artifacts with comparable quality to fully‐sampled blip‐reversed results (2.4× scan time). Whole‐brain in‐vivo results acquired at 1.22 mm and 1.05 mm isotropic resolutions demonstrate improved anatomical fidelity compared to conventional 3D multi‐slab imaging. Data demonstrate good reliability and reproducibility of the proposed method over multiple subjects.ConclusionThe proposed acquisition and reconstruction framework provide major reductions in distortion and boundary slice aliasing for 3D multi‐slab diffusion MRI without increasing the scan time, which can potentially produce high‐quality, high‐resolution diffusion MRI.
Mothers participation in caring for hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Nankali Haniyeh , Cheraghi Fatemeh , Tehrani Tayebeh Hasan , Mohammadi Younes , Azadimoghtader Mahnaz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo identify informational and practical deficits of mothers of hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis and to determine the effect of intervention on enhancing mothers' participation in providing care.DesignThis study was a two‐group pre‐ and post‐test quasi‐experimental study.MethodsSample size was eighty mothers of hospitalized children younger than 5 years with acute gastroenteritis in each group using consecutive sampling method. Based on the needs assessment, the training and practical demonstration were performed individually in the intervention group. The control group received usual and standard care. The care practice of mothers were observed before and three times after the intervention at a 1‐day interval. The confidence level was 0.95.ResultsAfter intervention, there was a significant increase in the mothers' care practice in the intervention group and a significant difference between the two groups. The participatory care approach could enhance mothers' practice in providing care to the hospitalized children with AGE.
On the Use of Solomon Echoes in 27Al NMR Studies of Complex Aluminium Hydrides**
Authors: Zibrowius Bodo , Fischer Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe quadrupole coupling constant CQ and the asymmetry parameter η have been determined for two complex aluminium hydrides from 27Al NMR spectra recorded for stationary samples by using the Solomon echo sequence. The thus obtained data for KAlH4 (CQ=(1.30±0.02) MHz, η=(0.64±0.02)) and NaAlH4 (CQ=(3.11±0.02) MHz, η<0.01) agree very well with data previously determined from MAS NMR spectra. The accuracy with which these parameters can be determined from static spectra turned out to be at least as good as via the MAS approach. The experimentally determined parameters (δiso, CQ and η) are compared with those obtained from DFT‐GIPAW (density functional theory – gauge‐including projected augmented wave) calculations. Except for the quadrupole coupling constant for KAlH4, which is overestimated in the GIPAW calculations by about 30 %, the agreement is excellent. Advantages of the application of the Solomon echo sequence for the measurement of less stable materials or for in situ studies are discussed.
Glycoblotting enables seamless and straightforward workflow for MALDI‐TOF/MS‐based sulphoglycomics of N‐ and O‐glycans
Authors: Montalban Bryan M. , Hinou Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSulfated N‐ and O‐glycans exist in trace levels which are challenging to detect, especially when abundant neutral and sialylated glycans are present. Current matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS)‐based sulfoglycomics approaches effectively utilize permethylation to discriminate sulfated glycans from sialyl‐glycans. And a charge‐based separation to isolate the sulfated glycans from the rest of the permethylated neutral and sialyl‐glycans. However, these approaches suffer from concomitant sample losses during cleanup steps. Herein, we describe Glycoblotting as a straightforward complementary method with seamless glycan purification, enrichment, methylation, and labeling on a single platform to address sulfated glycan enrichment, sialic acid methylation, and sample loss. Glycoblottings’ on‐bead chemoselective ligation of reducing sugars with hydrazide showed excellent recovery of sulfated glycans, allowing the detection of more sulfated glycan species. On‐bead methyl esterification of sialic acid using 3‐methyl‐1‐p‐tolyltriazene (MTT) effectively discriminates sulfated glycans from sialyl‐glycans. Furthermore, we have shown that using MTT as a methylating agent allowed us to simultaneously detect and differentiate sulfate from phosphate groups in isobaric N‐glycan species. We believe that Glycoblotting will contribute significantly to the MALDI‐TOF MS‐based Sulphoglycomics workflow.
The avidin‐theophylline complex: A structural and computational study
Authors: Spinello Angelo , Lapenta Fabio , De March Matteo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe interaction between avidin and its counterpart biotin is one of central importance in biology and has been reproposed and studied at length. However, the binding pocket of avidin is prone to promiscuous binding, able to accommodate even non‐biotinylated ligands. Comprehending the factors that distinguish the extremely strong interaction with biotin to other ligands is an important step to fully picture the thermodynamics of these low‐affinity complexes. Here, we present the complex between chicken white egg avidin and theophylline (TEP), the xanthine derivative used in the therapy of asthma. In the crystal structure, TEP lies in the biotin‐binding pocket with the same orientation and planarity of the aromatic ring of 8‐oxodeoxyguanosine. Indeed, its affinity for avidin measured by isothermal titration calorimetry is in the same μM range as those obtained for the previously characterized nucleoside derivatives. By the use of molecular dynamic simulations, we have investigated the most important intermolecular interactions occurring in the avidin‐TEP binding pocket and compared them with those obtained for the avidin 8‐oxodeoxyguanosine and avidin‐biotin complexes. These results testify the capability of avidin to complex purely aromatic molecules.
Effect of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) consumption on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ramírez‐Coronel Andrés Alexis , Ali Alhilali Khetam Abdalsada , Basheer Ahmed Yasmin , Almalki Sami G. , Karimian Jahangir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConflicting evidence exists on the effect of sesame consumption on glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, this meta‐analysis focuses on the relationship between sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) intervention and glycemic control in patients with T2D. Published literature was retrieved and screened from PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to December 2022. Outcome measures included fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations, fasting insulin levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) percentage. Pooled effect sizes were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eight clinical trials (395 participants) were eligible for meta‐analyses. Overall, sesame consumption significantly reduced serum FBS (WMD: −28.61 mg/dL, 95% CI: −36.07 to −21.16, p˂0.001; I2 = 98.3%) and HbA1c percentage (WMD: −0.99%, 95% CI: −1.22 to −0.76, p ≤ 0.001; I2 = 65.1%) in patients with T2D. However, sesame consumption did not significantly influence fasting insulin levels (Hedges's: 2.29, 95% CI: −0.06 to 4.63, p = 0.06; I2 = 98.1%). In summary, the current meta‐analysis showed a promising effect of sesame consumption on glycemic control through reducing FBS and HbA1c, yet additional prospective studies are recommended, using higher doses and longer intervention period, to confirm the impact of sesame consumption on insulin levels in T2D patients.
Analytic geometric gradients for the polarizable density embedding model
Authors: Reinholdt Peter , Van den Heuvel Willem , Kongsted Jacob 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe polarizable density embedding (PDE) model is an advanced fragment‐based QM/QM embedding model closely related to the earlier polarizable embedding (PE) model. PDE features an improved description of permanent electrostatics and further includes non‐electrostatic repulsion. We present an implementation of analytic geometric gradients for the PDE model, which allows for partial geometry optimizations of QM regions embedded in large molecular environments. We benchmark the quality of structures from PE‐QM and PDE‐QM geometry optimizations on a diverse set of small organic molecules embedded in four solvents. The PDE model performs well when targeting Hartree–Fock calculations, but density functional theory (DFT) calculations prove more challenging. We suggest a hybrid PDE‐LJ model which produces solute–solvent structures of good quality for DFT. Finally, we apply the developed model to a theoretical estimation of the solvatochromic shift on the fluorescence emission energy of the environment‐sensitive 4‐aminophthalimide probe based on state‐specific multiconfigurational PDE‐QM calculations.
Sampling‐based 3‐D line‐of‐sight PWA model predictive control for autonomous rendezvous and docking with a tumbling target
Authors: Li Dongting , Dong Rui‐Qi , Guo Yanning , Ran Guangtao , Li Dongyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article introduces a line‐of‐sight (LOS)‐Euler rendezvous and docking (RVD) framework to dock with a tumbling target under several RVD constraints. By a double‐loop control scheme, the chaser's position is controlled to track the target's docking port which is coupled with its rotation. The chaser's attitude is driven to track the target's rotation, while satisfying the field of view constraintwhich is coupled with the LOS range. These complex couplings are linearly described in the proposed framework. To this end, the 6 DoF information interactions among the sensor measurements, states, and RVD constraints need no transformation and linearization. Consider the online piecewise affine (PWA) model predictive controller (MPC) may be unsolvable under complex constraints, which is caused by the accumulated prediction error, a sampling‐based method is proposed. The linear predictions are driven to the closer neighborhoods of the actual nonlinear states by constructing directional sampling intervals. Besides, a singularity free strategy is provided to realize continuous tracking with crossing the singularities of angle states. Detailed numerical simulations illustrate the validity of the proposed methods.
Structure and mechanical properties of diamond‐like carbon films prepared by pulsed laser‐induced cathodic vacuum arc technique
Authors: Feng Xingguo , Zheng Yu , Wang Keliang , Zheng Yugang , Zhang Yanshuai , Zhou Hui 
Published: June 2023

Diamond‐like carbon (DLC) films are prepared by pulsed laser‐induced cathodic vacuum arc technique with various arc voltages. The purpose of the research is to investigate the influence of the arc voltage on the structure, mechanical, and tribological properties of DLC films. The results from Raman spectra and XPS show that with increasing arc voltage from 180 to 280 V, the sp3 content in the DLC film increases from 43.2 to 56.9 at%, then follows by a significant decrease with further increasing arc voltage to 330 V. The trend in the mechanical properties of DLC films correlates well with the sp3 content in the films. The maximum hardness, modulus, and adhesion critical load (Lc) of the DLC film is obtained in the film deposited at 280 V; the values of that are 46.4 GPa, 380.6 GPa, and 620 mN, respectively. The friction coefficient of the films is between 0.1 and 0.2, and the film deposited at 280 V has the minimum wear rate with a value of 3.2 × 10−17 m3/m.N. It is concluded that the DLC films with high sp3 content (ta‐C, tetrahedral amorphous carbon) not only have good mechanical properties but also have excellent tribological properties, which provides a promising application for wear resistance parts.