bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 30th anniversary of the UK Association for Computational Mechanics
Authors: Sevilla Ruben 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article commemorates the third decade of the UK Association for Computational Mechanics, formerly known as the Association of Computational Mechanics in Engineering. An historical overview is provided, from the establishment of the Association in March 1992 up to the end of 2022. The article includes brief biographies of the main researchers involved in the establishment of the Association. Over this 30-year period, the Annual Conference has been a significant event and details are given of the Conference organisers, the venues and the plenary speakers.
Role of FcγRIII in the nasal cavity of BALB/c mice in the primary amebic meningoencephalitis protection model
Authors: Rojas-Ortega Diego Alexander , Rojas-Hernández Saúl , Sánchez-Mendoza María Elena , Gómez-López Modesto , Sánchez-Camacho Jennifer Viridiana , Rosales-Cruz Erika , Yépez María Maricela Carrasco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDifferent mechanisms of the host immune response against the primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in the mouse protection model have been described. It has been proposed that antibodies opsonize Naegleria fowleri trophozoites; subsequently, the polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) surround the trophozoites to avoid the infection. FcγRs activate signaling pathways of adapter proteins such as Syk and Hck on PMNs to promote different effector cell functions which are induced by the Fc portion of the antibody-antigen complexes. In this work, we analyzed the activation of PMNs, epithelial cells, and nasal passage cells via the expression of Syk and Hck genes. Our results showed an increment of the FcγRIII and IgG subclasses in the nasal cavity from immunized mice as well as Syk and Hck expression was increased, whereas in the in vitro assay, we observed that when the trophozoites of N. fowleri were opsonized with IgG anti-N. fowleri and interacted with PMN, the expression of Syk and Hck was also increased. We suggest that PMNs are activated via their FcγRIII, which leads to the elimination of the trophozoites in vitro, while in the nasal cavity, the adhesion and consequently infection are avoided.
Robotic diaphragm plication: functional and surgical outcomes of a single-center experience
Authors: Le Uyen-Thao , Titze Laurin , Hundeshagen Petar , Passlick Bernward , Schmid Severin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Diaphragm plication remains the only effective treatment for diaphragm paralysis. Robot-assisted thoracoscopic (RATS) diaphragm plication combines advantages of open and thoracoscopic techniques. We present our experiences focussing on lung-function improvement and surgical outcome.

Methods
In this single-center retrospective study with comparative analysis, perioperative data of all patients who underwent RATS or thoracoscopic (VATS) diaphragm plication between 2015 and 2022 at our institution were assessed. Functional outcome was analysed with pre- and postoperative pulmonary function tests in sitting and supine position.

Results
We included 43 diaphragm plications, of which 31 were performed via RATS. Morbidity in the RATS- and VATS-cohort were 13 and 8%, respectively (p = 0.64), without any major complication (Clavien-Dindo ≥ III, 0%). Surgical time for RATS diaphragm plication was reduced drastically with a median operating time for the first 16 patients of 136 min (range 84–185) and 84 min (range 56–122) for the most recent 15 patients (p < 0.0001). Pulmonary function testing after RATS-plication showed a mean increase in vital capacity (VC) of 9% (SD 8, p < 0.0001) and of 7% (SD 9, p = 0.0009) in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) when sitting and 9% (SD 8, p < 0.0001) for VC as well as 10% (SD 8, p = 0.0001) for FEV1 when in supine position.

Conclusion
RATS diaphragm plication is a very safe and feasible approach, yielding good results in improving patients’ pulmonary function. Further studies are required to elucidate possible advantages over VATS or open approaches.

Graphical abstract
RETRACTED ARTICLE: High-gain reconfigurable
polarization antenna based on metamaterial array for Terahertz applications
Authors: Mabrouk A. M. , Seliem Asmaa. G. , Donkol A. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper suggestsproposes a high-gain reconfigurable polarization antenna
using a metasurface polarizaer. The metasurface polarizer is a rectangular array that
consists of similar 25 unit-cell elements. Each metamaterial (MM) unit-cell element
consists of a circular copper patch attached to two copper arrow-shaped strips installed
at its circumference. The circular patch and two arrows are installed between a
rectangular superstrate at the top and a rectangular substrate at the bottom, which is
backed with a perfect electric conductor with a relative permittivity of
εsub = 3.38. The MM
characteristics are obtained in a wide range of frequencies from 1.4 to 2.1 THz. The
metasurface polarizer array is installed at an optimized height of 25 μm under a linear
polarized dipole antenna that operates at 1.81 THz with a bandwidth (BW) of 0.2 THz from
1.75 to 1.95 THz (11.05%, − 10 dB BW) and gain of 2.27 dBi. The incident-plane wave from
the antenna can be converted into a reconfigurable left- or right-hand circular
polarization according to the directions of the arrow of the MM unit-cell element.
Moreover, the operating − 10-dB BW of the dipole antenna increases to 30.93%, and the
gain is enhanced to 6.18 dBi at the same operating frequency. A reconfigurable
polarization conversion for the dipole antenna can be obtained over wide 3-dB axial
ratio BW from 1.45 to 1.95 THz (33.3% BW).
SLC45A3 Serves as a Potential Therapeutic Biomarker to Attenuate White Matter Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zeng Hanhai , Lou Feiyang , Tan Xiaoxiao , Zhang Xiaotong , Chen Gao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe cerebrovascular disease, which impairs patients’ white matter even after timely clinical interventions. Indicated by studies in the past decade, ICH-induced white matter injury (WMI) is closely related to neurological deficits; however, its underlying mechanism and pertinent treatment are yet insufficient. We gathered two datasets (GSE24265 and GSE125512), and by taking an intersection among interesting genes identified by weighted gene co-expression networks analysis, we determined target genes after differentially expressing genes in two datasets. Additional single-cell RNA-seq analysis (GSE167593) helped locate the gene in cell types. Furthermore, we established ICH mice models induced by autologous blood or collagenase. Basic medical experiments and diffusion tensor imaging were applied to verify the function of target genes in WMI after ICH. Through intersection and enrichment analysis, gene SLC45A3 was identified as the target one, which plays a key role in the regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation involving in fatty acid metabolic process, etc. after ICH, and single-cell RNA-seq analysis also shows that it mainly locates in oligodendrocytes. Further experiments verified overexpression of SLC45A3 ameliorated brain injury after ICH. Therefore, SLC45A3 might serve as a candidate therapeutic biomarker for ICH-induced WMI, and overexpression of it may be a potential approach for injury attenuation.
Graphical Abstract
Analysis of sleep deprivation-associated Homer1 gene and protein acting on synaptic plasticity by bioinformatics and animal experiments
Authors: Li Yun , Zhao Lina , Zhou Qi , Zhang Xizhe , Song Jiannan , Wang Xinyi , Yang Chenyi , Wang Haiyun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Homer1, an immediate early gene, is related to sleep deprivation (SD), and its protein products are involved in synaptic plasticity affecting the cognitive process. This study aimed to identify the SD-associated key Homer1 gene in the brain and explore the value of Homer1 proteins acting on synaptic plasticity in SD.

Methods
GSE9441 was extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SD and Control samples were achieved by R software and were analyzed by the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Protein–protein interactions (PPI) network was built by the GeneMANIA databases. In animal experiments, male C57BL/6 J mice (aged 12–13 weeks) were sleep deprived for 6 h, followed by independent behavioral tests and in vitro assays. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to evaluate learning and memory function. The expression of hippocampal Homer1 proteins was detected by Western blot analysis and its distribution in CA1 by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Synaptic plasticity was assessed by Golgi staining and long-term potentiation (LTP) testing in the hippocampal CA1 region.

Results
Homer1 was the hub gene most associated with SD, and its protein products specifically acted on the regulation of synaptic plasticity in bioinformatics. SD mice exhibited spatial memory impairment accompanied by increased Homer1a expression in hippocampal tissue and CA1 region. SD did not induce Homer1b/c overexpression of mice in the hippocampus. SD impaired the hippocampal synaptic plasticity of mice by reducing the density of dendritic spines and inhibiting LTP in the hippocampal CA1 region, which may involve the overexpression of Homer1a in the hippocampus.

Conclusion
Homer1 gene is a core brain molecule associated with acute SD, and its protein product Homer1a is involved in the changes in cognitive brain function following short-term SD, especially the impact on hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
Risk allocation through shapley decompositions, with applications to variable annuities
Authors: Godin Frédéric , Hamel Emmanuel , Gaillardetz Patrice , Hon-Man Ng Edwin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a flexible risk decomposition method for life insurance contracts embedding several risk factors. Hedging can be naturally embedded in the framework. Although the method is applied to variable annuities in this work, it is also applicable in general to other insurance or financial contracts. The approach relies on applying an allocation principle to components of a Shapley decomposition of the gain and loss. The implementation of the allocation method requires the use of a stochastic on stochastic algorithm involving nested simulations. Numerical examples studying the relative impact of equity, interest rate and mortality risk for guaranteed minimal maturity benefit (GMMB) policies conclude our analysis.
Effective Remedies for Human Rights Violations in EU CSDP Military Missions: Smoke and Mirrors in Human Rights Adjudication?
Authors: De Coninck Joyce 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article considers the structural barriers that exist for individuals to hold the EU responsible for violations of human rights abuses in its CSDP missions, despite the theoretical availability of a framework for remedies. This is a result of jurisdictional complications with CFSP/CDSP measures, attribution difficulties, and ambiguity in what constitutes unlawful human rights conduct. While alternative measures exist to compensate individuals for violation of their rights, these do not align with the often-stated right to an effective remedy within the EU. As such, this Article argues that the field requires serious reform in order to ensure that legal relief for individuals against unlawful conduct by the EU is an effective and enforceable right.
A novel method for the quantitative assessment of the fitted containment efficiency of face coverings
Authors: Bennett William D. , Prince Steven E. , Zeman Kirby L. , Chen Hao , Samet James M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:Face masks reduce disease transmission by protecting the wearer from inhaled pathogens and reducing the emission of infectious aerosols. Although methods quantifying efficiency for wearer protection are established, current methods for assessing face mask containment efficiency rely on measurement of a low concentration of aerosols emitted from an infected or noninfected individual.Methods:A small port enabled the introduction of 0.05 µm sodium chloride particles at a constant rate behind the mask worn by a study participant. A condensation particle counter monitored ambient particle numbers 60 cm in front of the participant over 3-minute periods of rest, speaking, and coughing. The containment efficiency (%) for each mask and procedure was calculated as follows: 100 × (1 − average ambient concentration with face covering worn/average ambient concentration with a sham face covering in place). The protection efficiency (%) was also measured using previously published methods. The probability of transmission (%) from infected to uninfected (a function of both the containment efficiency and the protection efficiency) was calculated as follows: {1 − (containment efficiency/100)}×{1 − (protection efficiency/100)}×100.Results:The average containment efficiencies for each mask over all procedures and repeated measures were 94.6%, 60.9%, 38.8%, and 43.2%, respectively, for the N95 mask, the KN95 mask, the procedure face mask, and the gaiter. The corresponding protection efficiencies for each mask were 99.0%, 63.7%, 45.3%, and 24.2%, respectively. For example, the transmission probability for 1 infected and 1 uninfected individual in close proximity was ∼14.2% for KN95 masks, compared to 36%–39% when only 1 individual wore a KN95 mask.Conclusion:Overall, we detected a good correlation between the protection and containment that a face covering afforded to a wearer.
ARRIAN, ANABASIS 1.17.10–12 AND THE HISTORY OF FOURTH-CENTURY EPHESUS
Authors: Nudell Joshua P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArrian's account of Alexander's brief time at Ephesus (Anab. 1.17.10–12) is shot through with political and factional violence, but he nevertheless concludes that Alexander received acclaim for what he did in the city. But what did Alexander actually do at Ephesus? Arrian offers a list of events that historians have traditionally interpreted as connected to Macedonian intervention in Asia Minor before indicating that Alexander put an end to the violence. This article offers a new reading of this passage by situating these events in the context of fourth-century Ephesus to show how Alexander's actions responded to the local conditions that he encountered.
Path planning of patrol robot based on modified grey wolf optimizer
Authors: Zhang Qian , Ning Xucheng , Li Yingying , Pan Lei , Gao Rui , Zhang Liyang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe grey wolf optimizer (GWO) as a new intelligent optimization algorithm has been successfully applied in many fields because of its simple structure, few adjustment parameters and easy implementation. This paper mainly aims at the defects of GWO in path planning application, such as easily falling into local optimization, poor convergence and poor accuracy, and turn point grey wolf optimization (TPGWO) algorithm is proposed. First, the idea of cross-mutation and roulette is used to increase the initial population of GWO and improve the search range. At the same time, the convergence factor function is improved to become a nonlinear update. In the early stage, the search range is expanded, and in the later stage, the convergence speed is increased, while the parameters in the convergence factor function can be adjusted according to the number of obstacles and the map area to change the turning point of the function to improve the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm. The turning times and turning angles of the obtained path are added to the fitness function as penalty values to improve the path accuracy. The optimization test is carried out through 16 test functions, and the test results prove the convergence and robustness of TPGWO algorithm. Finally, the TPGWO algorithm is applied to the path planning of patrol robot for simulation experiments. Compared with the GWO algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization, the simulation results show that the TPGWO algorithm has better convergence, stability and accuracy in the path planning of patrol robot.
The role of youths’ cardiac autonomic balance and parental responses to youth emotion in vulnerability to borderline personality disorder development
Authors: Vanwoerden Salome , Vine Vera , Byrd Amy L. , Jennings J. Richard , Stepp Stephanie D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDevelopmental models of borderline personality disorder (BPD) emphasize the effects of youths’ biological vulnerabilities and their experiences of parental responses to emotion, as well as the interaction between these two elements. The current study evaluated the independent and interactive effects of two indices of autonomic nervous system response and parental responses to youth negative emotions on severity and exacerbation of youths’ BPD features during the transition to adolescence. The sample consisted of 162 psychiatric youth (10–14 years; 47.2% female) and their parents. At baseline, youth and their parents completed a lab-based conflict discussion during which parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system response were measured and indices of sympathetic-parasympathetic balance and coactivation/coinhibition were calculated. Youth also reported on supportive and non-supportive parental responses. At baseline and after 9 months, youth self-reported on their BPD features. Results demonstrated that shifting toward sympathetic dominance independently predicted exacerbation of BPD across 9 months. Additionally, fewer experiences of supportive parental responses and more non-supportive parental responses were associated with greater severity of BPD features in youth. This study highlights the role of autonomic response to parent-child conflict as well as the significance of parental responses to youth emotion for the development of BPD during this developmental window.
Another emerging threat to birds: avian mortality estimates from roadside transparent noise barrier collisions in South Korea
Authors: Seo Hae-Min , Kim Young-Jun , Lee Eun-Jae , Lee Su-Gil , Lee Woo-Shin , Choi Chang-Yong 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Birds in flight are prone to collide with various transparent or reflective structures. While bird–window collision has been recognised as a critical conservation issue, collision with other transparent structures has been less understood. Noise barriers made of transparent materials are considered critical hazards for birds; however, little is known about the bird mortality they cause. We conducted the first nationwide-scale estimates of bird-collision mortality caused by transparent noise barriers (TNBs) along roads in the Republic of Korea. The total length of existing roadside transparent noise barriers was estimated at 1,416 km nationwide (as of 2018), and it had been increasing exponentially. Based on carcass surveys at 25 sites, daily mortality at the observed barriers was 0.335 ± 1.132 birds/km on average, and no difference in observed mortality was detected between both sides of a single barrier and between road types (i.e. local roads and motorways). Finally, we estimated that approximately 186,000 birds (95% confidence interval: 162,465–204,812 birds) are killed annually by collisions with roadside TNBs. As privately installed barriers were not considered in this study, the actual mortality is likely be higher than our estimates. Thus, collision with TNBs could become an emerging threat to avian conservation, especially in developing and urbanising regions around the world. As such structures are not formally recognised as conservation issues of importance, more systematic surveys aided by citizen science, both for the status of TNBs and bird-collision mortality, are needed in addition to management and mitigation policies.
A systematic appraisal of the information, engagement, aesthetic and functional quality of nutrition-related smartphone apps for children and adolescents
Authors: Francis Lucine , Spaulding Erin M , Bloom India , Patel Alisha , Perrin Nancy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective:Nutrition-related smartphone applications (apps) could improve children’s nutrition knowledge and skills. However, little is known about the quality of nutrition-related apps for children. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the quality of nutrition-related smartphone apps designed for children ages 4–17.Design:This systematic appraisal is guided by the Protocol for App Store Systematic Reviews.Setting:Using Google’s Advanced Search, we identified 1814 apps/1184 additional apps in an updated search on iOS, of which twenty-four were eligible. The apps’ objective and subjective quality were evaluated using the twenty-three-item, five-point Mobile App Rating Scale. The objective quality scale consists of four subscales: engagement, functionality, aesthetics and information.Results:Most of the apps (75 %) focussed solely on promoting nutrition skills, such as making food dishes, rather than nutrition knowledge. Of the twenty-four apps, 83 % targeted children 4–8 years old. The app objective quality mean score was 3·60 ± 0·41. The subscale mean scores were 3·20 ± 0·41 for engagement, 4·24 ± 0·47 for functionality, 4·03 ± 0·51 for aesthetics and 2·94 ± 0·62 for information. The app subjective quality mean score was 2·10 ± 0·90.Conclusions:More robust approaches to app development leveraging co-design approaches, including involving a multidisciplinary team of experts to provide evidence-based nutrition information, are warranted.