bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF A WEB-BASED COGNITIVE TRAINING PLATFORM FOR OLDER ADULTS: THE BREAKFAST TASK
Authors: Simon Sharon Sanz , Ben-Eliezer Daniel , Pondikos Maria , Stern Yaakov , Gopher Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Developing efficient cognitive training for the older population is a major public health goal due to its potential cognitive benefits. A promising cognitive training target is executive control, critical for multitasking in everyday life. The aim of this pilot study was to establish the feasibility and acceptability of the Breakfast Task in older adults, a new web-based cognitive training platform that simulates real-life multitasking demands. Research Design and

Methods
A community-based sample of 24 cognitively healthy participants aged between 60 and 75 (M = 69.12, SD = 3.83) underwent an online 5-session training protocol. Each session lasted 40 minutes and occurred twice a week at participant’s homes. Game performance was recorded, and participants completed questionnaires at baseline and after the intervention.

Results
Feasibility metrics showed overall high recruitment (82.7%), adherence and retention rates (100%). Acceptability was considered good based on participant`s quantitative and qualitative responses. On average, participants rated the game as interesting, enjoyable and did not report difficulties in accessing the game online or in understanding the instructions. Moreover, participants showed a learning curve across sessions, improvement in most game outcomes and benefits from the emphasis change approach. Discussion and Implications: The findings provide preliminary support for the feasibility and acceptability of the Breakfast Task training platform with community-dwelling older adults and demonstrate potential cognitive benefits. Results suggest the value of further research investigating the Breakfast Task features and dose-response relationship, as well as its efficacy in older adults via larger randomized controlled trials.
FINANCIAL AND TIME HELP FROM ADULT CHILDREN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Wiemers Emily , Lin I-Fen , Chin Janecca , Strauss Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pandemic-induced challenges to health and economic well-being for older adults likely increased the need for help from adult children, disrupted the help children provided for needs unrelated to COVID-19, and changed interactions among time help, financial help, and shared housing. This paper uses data from the Health and Retirement Study Core and COVID-19 Module to assess whether adult children’s transfers of time, money, and coresidence with parents responded to the pandemic-related challenges older adults faced. Because of unequal health and economic impacts of the pandemic, non-White and less-educated older adults, and those living in areas hard-hit by the pandemic may have been less likely to receive help from family members, their children may have been less able to substitute financial support for time or in-kind help, and older adults may have experienced greater disruptions in existing help arrangements so we examine differences by socioeconomic status, race-ethnicity, and local pandemic severity.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE NURSING HOME QUALITY: A DISCUSSION OF THE 2022 NASEM REPORT
Authors: Travers Jasmine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Every year approximately four million persons receive care in approximately 15,000 nursing homes across the U.S. The costs of this care exceed $168 billion per year and are projected to grow to $274 billion by 2024. Nursing homes have long been plagued by problems with quality of care.In 1986, the Institute of Medicine released, Improving the Quality of Care in Nursing Homes, a landmark report that fundamentally changed the nation’s approach to nursing home operation and regulation. However, three decades later, significant challenges with nursing home quality remain, many of which were brought to light during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, in 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) convened a panel of 17 experts in nursing home care to examine our nation’s approach to nursing home care, including clinical care, staffing, financing and payment, and regulation, with the goal of making recommendations for improving the quality of care in today’s nursing homes and ensuring the safety and well-being of nursing home residents and staff. Expert members represented areas of diversity, policy, regulation, education, technology, quality measurement and reporting, and clinical practice. The release of this report is April 2022.In this symposium, four committee members will present the main findings and recommendations from the forthcoming and highly-anticipated report, with a particular focus on care delivery, workforce, quality assurance & policy, and equity. During this session, an emphasis will be placed on how the presented recommendations can be incorporated into policy and practice.
THE EQUIVALENCE OF CANTAB AS A COGNITIVE FUNCTION MEASURE FOR CHINESE STROKE SURVIVORS: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Li Fanfan , Zhu Huanzhi , Wu Bei , Xu Hanzhang , Wang Jing , Li Juan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the equivalence between Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Changsha version (MoCA-CS) as cognition measures for Chinese stroke survivors. Sixteen stroke survivors were recruited from stroke center in Shanghai, China. Participants completed Paired Associates Learning (PAL) task in CANTAB, MoCA-CS and questionnaire about demo-social characteristics. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression were used for equivalence analysis. CANTAB-PAL task performances（PAL First Attempt Memory Score, PALFAMS, PAL Total Attempts 2 Patterns, PALTA2）were significantly associated with score of MoCA-CS and delayed recall (β=0.528, p=0.014; β=0.198, p=0.043; β= -3.885，p=0.017; β= -1.600,p=0.026, respectively）after controlling for age, gender and education. The results suggest CANTAB-PAL is a reliable tool for measuring Chinese stroke survivors’ cognitive function. Future studies are needed to establish the equivalence of CANTAB in multi-tasks in larger sample of Chinese stroke survivors.
COPING WITH COGNITIVE DECLINE AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT OR MILD DEMENTIA: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Cho Youngmin , Kamkhoad Donruedee , Beeber Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As cognitive impairment progresses, Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Mild Dementia (PwMCI or MD) have trouble in adapting to changes in their cognitive functioning and, as a result, develop challenges in daily activities. If these challenges are not appropriately addressed, PwMCI or MD can experience poor health outcomes and quality of life. Coping, behavioral and cognitive efforts to regulate the distress from a certain stressful situation, is widely regarded as a fundamental determinant of health outcomes. We conducted a scoping review to understand what coping strategies PwMCI or MD used, and facilitators and barriers of the use of these coping strategies. Using the PRISMA-ScR guideline, we reviewed peer-reviewed empirical studies exploring coping experiences for cognitive impairment among community-dwelling PwMCI or MD. We used thematic synthesis to generate themes relevant to the coping strategies and the facilitators and barriers. Of 1267 studies identified, 12 qualitative studies were reviewed. Under three dimensions of coping strategy (i.e., problem-solving, emotional, and maladaptive coping strategies), six themes were identified: independent coping (e.g., use of reminder and practice of cognitive activities), collaborative/dependent coping (e.g., asking help as needed), reframing, expression of unpleasant feelings, comparing self to others, and avoidance. The themes for facilitators and barriers were social response to one’s cognitive impairment, assistance from informal care partners, and support from professionals. These findings can provide not only a better understanding of how people cope with their cognitive impairment but can also provide rationale for developing interventions to maximize the use of coping strategies.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PRESCRIPTION OPIOID AVAILABILITY AND LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN COGNITION IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Warner Nafisseh , Hanson Andrew , Schulte Phillip , Habermann Elizabeth , Warner David , Mielke Michelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Opioids are frequently prescribed to alleviate pain symptoms in older adults, yet the relationships between prescription opioid availability and long-term cognitive function are incompletely defined. We evaluated the associations between prescription opioid availability and neuropsychological function and incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by performing a secondary analysis of the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA), a longitudinal population-based observational cohort study with participants enrolled between 11/1/2004 and 4/1/2019 aged 65 years or older at the time of enrollment and without dementia. A total of 4,218 participants (51% male) were included with median age of 76 (interquartile range 72, 82) years. In multivariable analyses, each receipt of an opioid prescription, regardless of duration, resulted in an additional -0.007 (95% CI: -0.009, -0.005) change in global cognitive z-score (p&lt; 0.001), with significant effects seen in the domains of memory (-0.005, 95% CI: -0.007, -0.003; p&lt; 0.001), language (-0.002, 95% CI -0.003, 0.000; p=0.024) and attention (-0.004, 95% CI: -0.006, -0.002; p&lt; 0.001) but not visual-spatial function (0.000, 95% CI: -0.001, 0.001; p=0.897). Among 2,963 cognitively unimpaired subjects with longitudinal follow-up, 769 (26%) developed incident MCI. Receipt of any opioid prescription during follow-up was associated with incident MCI in adjusted analysis (hazard ratio 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.42; p=0.014). In conclusion, prescription opioid availability was associated with cognitive decline across multiple domains and with incident MCI. These findings suggest that prescription opioid availability may have long-term effects on cognitive function.
EMPOWERING SENIORS TO RECOGNIZE ELDER MISTREATMENT THROUGH PEER SUPPORT: RESULTS FROM A COMMUNITY OUTREACH PROJECT
Authors: Hsieh Jessica , Tan Sharon , Pang Celeste , Mirza Raza , Klinger Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Elder mistreatment, often understood in the context of abuse and neglect, is a growing concern for the health and wellbeing of seniors and their families. A 2015 Canadian prevalence study by the National Initiative for the Care of the Elderly (NICE) found that seniors who are mistreated are more willing to talk to other seniors, rather than clinicians, police or family. However, a lack of knowledge, access to resources, and community stigma may limit seniors’ abilities to address mistreatment.This study evaluated the impact on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of having seniors deliver workshops on mistreatment to other seniors. A Seniors’ Advisory Committee developed content for these workshops, delivered by seniors in sixteen communities across Ontario, Canada. Participants completed pre/post-surveys assessing changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours. Results indicate that workshops effectively increased awareness of mistreatment issues among participants, on average, by 37%. Participants experienced a 44% increase in their perceived preparation to provide information to another older adult asking about mistreatment. Barriers to help-seeking among seniors include finding trustworthy sources, fear of retaliation, and a lack of legal protection. Prior to the training, healthcare providers were the main sources of information for participants (58%); depending on the severity of the situation, 60% of participants indicated eventually reporting to police, who are not the preferred source of information. Senior-led workshops about mistreatment appear to be effective for increasing knowledge and encouraging disclosure and help-seeking behaviours. Results support prevention models that empower seniors to educate other seniors on issues around mistreatment.
ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION, ELDER ABUSE, AND CORRESPONDING BEHAVIOR OF THE ELDERLY IN CHINA
Authors: Feng Guanggang , Jiang Shumin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Ancient Chinese wisdom under the Confucian culture show that “Parents raise children who in turn support them in old age” and "Don't wash one's dirty linen in public". The elderly in China brings up children with the aim to guard against troubles in their late years, but many older people with sons also suffer from various forms of elder abuse, and often choose to submit to humiliation when facing abuse from family members. Data: The Survey on the living conditions of the elderly in urban and rural China（SSAPUR）, four waves: 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 followed samples(N=224360)

Methods
The hierarchical Logit model was used to analyze the influence of social participation on elder abuse in China, and the risk of the elderly's choice to submit to humiliation. Results and

conclusion
The results showed that the annual incidence of elderly abuse (include physical abuse, emotional abuse, financial abuse, and neglect of care) among the elderly in China was 5.36%, and 35.77% of them chose to submit to humiliation. The more the elder participate in society involvement outside the home, the less likely they are to be abused from family members, the less likely they submit to humiliation. The more sons, the higher the risk of elder abuse. Therefore，the relevant government and the grass-roots social organizations should strengthen the construction of social organizations for the elderly.
AGING, DISPLACEMENT, AND COPING WITH COVID-19 IN PRECARIOUS SPACES IN NORTHEAST NIGERIA
Authors: Adeyombo Adewale , Oyebode Abiodun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nigeria is witnessing internal displacements due to terrorism and kidnapping across many communities with more of these evitable challenges in the North Eastern region. These challenges are impacting on older people amongst other social categories that have been displaced, killed or kidnapped across different communities. The outbreak of covid-19 and the poor social support for older persons and other vulnerable groups in Nigeria imply that survivors in such precarious spaces are likely to face challenges with implications on their well-being and meanings attached to life. This paper explores ageing in precarious spaces that have been ravaged by terrorism and banditry and the outbreak of covid-19. The narratives of the 15 older persons aged 57 to 82 years living in Internally Displaced Camps revealed some dimensions of hopelessness, despair and the acceptance of present challenges as fate and structural defects. Awareness and adherence to covid-19 protocol was poor. Moving away from communities of residence represent diverse forms of loss that transcends material things. Sharing of experiences, prayers and relief materials from non-governmental agencies were considered as instrumental in coping with their daily challenges. The hope of returning to their communities of residence was doubted and considered risky. The belief that their seeds would have a better future was expressed by all the participants, with the females affirming such expectation than the men. Integrating displaced older persons would require more than existing efforts being taken by Nigerian government across levels.
CHANGES IN INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE IMPACT ON WELL-BEING
Authors: Stepniak Catherine , Suitor J Jill , Gilligan Megan , Ogle Destiny , Hou Yifei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A burgeoning body of research has revealed the COVID-19 pandemic’s dramatic impact on the lives of family members in the U.S., including increasing caregiving burden and reducing in-person contact. However, the preponderance of this work has focused on how COVID-19 has reshaped a single role, rather than the set of role relationships individuals hold. In the present paper, we used mixed-methods data collected from 543 adults in later midlife (mean age=60) collected as part of the Within-Family Differences Study-III to explore the impact of the pandemic on intergenerational and intragenerational family relationships. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses, we classified which relationships were affected (e.g., parents, adult children, grandchildren, siblings, etc.), identified social structural characteristics that predicted pandemic related relational changes (e.g., gender, race, age, SES), provided a detailed picture of how family members experienced these changes, and studied the impact of these changes on respondents’ depressive symptoms. Findings suggested that respondents were most likely to report changes in their relationships with their parents and adult children, with reduced in-person contact and direct care to parents, and increased coresidence with adult children. White women were most likely to report changes in in-person contact and care to parents, and they were also more likely to develop higher depressive symptoms due to these changes. Black respondents reported fewer changes in contact with parents or children due to greater coresidence compared to White respondents, and no association was found between changes and depressive symptoms in this group.
PASSING ON THE SILVER SPOON: THE ROLE OF EARLY LIFE CIRCUMSTANCES ON DOWNWARD INTERGENERATIONAL FINANCIAL TRANSFERS
Authors: Cheng Kent Jason 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Childhood circumstances are known to etch an indelible influence on individual outcomes across the life course such as education, income, and health. Yet relatively little is known about how early life exposures influence family outcomes. This study aims to determine how childhood exposures are associated with inter vivos downward intergenerational financial transfers among older adults aged 51-85 with at least one surviving adult child. Using cumulative (dis)advantage theory, I hypothesized that experiences in childhood shape intergenerational transfers patterns – with early-life advantage being able to provide more transfers than their disadvantaged counterparts. I used data from the US Health and Retirement Study waves 1998 to 2018 (n=32,095 individuals, 169,316 person-years) and estimated random effects models. The index of childhood socioeconomic status was constructed by adding the following dichotomized indicators: poor to fair family socioeconomic status, mother / father having less than HS education, father working for service sector, and moved due to financial difficulty. Downward transfers were defined as whether the respondent gave money, helped pay bills, or covered certain costs to children or grandchildren worth ≥US$ 500. The unadjusted model revealed that the probability of providing downward transfers among those with 1 and 2+ childhood socioeconomic status disadvantage was 5.4% and 3.8% less than those without disadvantage. The inverse association of early life disadvantage and downward transfers were preserved when basic demographic controls and household income and wealth were controlled for, although the magnitude slightly declined (4.0% and 3.1% lower probability for those with 1 and 2+ misfortunes, respectively).
DYADIC COPING AND WELL-BEING AMONG COUPLES TAKING CARE OF EACH OTHER
Authors: Lou Vivian Wei Qun , Liu Huiying , Wu Wenmiao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
In the context of population aging, more and more couples would have the chance to taking care of each other when one or both of them experience functioning decline. Objective: Taking a dyadic perspective, the objective of this study is to examine collaborative dynamics in mastering daily stressors, and the relationship between couples’ practice of dyadic coping and individual well-being. Method: A total of 77 dyads were recruited from community elderly centres located in four different geographic locations of Hong Kong. Potential participants who met the following inclusion criteria: (1) both partners aged 60 or above; (2) both partners living alone in the same household; (3) one or both partners reporting at least one limitation in performing ADLs and/or IADLs, were invited to complete a survey questionnaire interviewed by trained researchers. Standardized measures by Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI), Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), EQ-5D, and Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), respectively. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) framework was used for data analysis. Findings: The most adopted collaborative coping strategies were non-negative dyadic coping of oneself, non-negative dyadic coping of the partner, and common dyadic coping. Supportive and delegated dyadic coping strategies were strongly associated with marital satisfaction and health-related quality of life.

Conclusion
Collaborative dynamics among couples when one or both experience functional impairment is associated with quality of relationship. The findings advocate a shift from individual-based stress process on caregiving to a dyadic-based process that address joint needs of both spouses in super-aging societies globally.Funding: RGC 17605119
CARING FOR THOSE WHO CARE: EVALUATION OF A COMPREHENSIVE CULTURAL COMPETENCY TRAINING CURRICULUM
Authors: Powers Sara , Cannon Rachel , Bass David , Pongan Lauren , Le Ocean , Darby Nina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
By 2030, nearly 3 in 10 older Americans will identify as a member of a diverse or underrepresented group. To better support diverse, aging communities and help professionals meet the growing needs of family and friend caregivers, the Diverse Elders Coalition developed a comprehensive cultural competency training curriculum that, in the first year of development, engaged over 2,500 healthcare and social service providers. To evaluate the short and long-term impact of the training curriculum, this paper focuses on two types of anonymous evaluations that were electronically distributed to training attendees: 1) Subjective knowledge post-tests (n=162), and 2) 3-month post-training follow-ups (n=232). Majority of participants identified as female, White/Caucasian, and earned at least a college degree. Upon completion of the trainings, participants reported improved subjective knowledge about diverse communities, more confidence and preparedness to meet diverse caregivers’ needs, and also indicated that because of the training they would engage in a variety of diversity related actions (e.g., use more inclusive language, share training resources with colleagues, attend additional diversity trainings). At the 3-month follow-up, 91.8% of respondents reported they engaged in two or more diversity related actions since attending the training. Respondents (73.8%) also indicated that their organization engaged in one or more diversity-related actions since attending the training (e.g., provided staff additional diversity-related trainings, translated materials). Discussion will focus on ways to improve healthcare and social service providers’ advocacy efforts and awareness surrounding the needs of older adults and caregivers from diverse communities.