bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Externally oriented thinking style increases primary health care use in adolescence
Authors: Kekkonen Virve , Kraav Siiri-Liisi , Hintikka Jukka , Kivimäki Petri , Kaarre Outi , Tolmunen Tommi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Alexithymia has been related to adult health care use. We investigated the association between alexithymia and the utilization of primary health care services by adolescents and young adults.

Methods
The participants (n = 751, aged 13–18 years) in this 5-year follow-up study were assessed with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and its three subscales, difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF) and externally oriented thinking (EOT), and the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Primary health care data were gathered from health care centre registers in 2005–10. Generalized linear models and mediation analyses were used.

Results
An increase in the TAS-20 total score correlated with a higher number of primary health care and emergency care visits, but in multivariate general linear models, TAS-20 total scores were no longer significant. Younger age, female gender and an increase in the baseline EOT score are associated with a higher number of both primary health care and emergency room visits. In females, a smaller change in the EOT score from baseline to follow-up was associated with a higher number of primary health care visits. In mediation analyses, EOT had a direct effect on a higher number of primary health care and emergency room visits, whereas the BDI score mediated the incremental effect of DIF and DDF on visit numbers.

Conclusions
The results suggest that an EOT style independently increases health care use by adolescents, whereas the effects of difficulties identifying and describing feelings on health care use are mediated by symptoms of depression.
Identification of two vibration regimes of underwater fibre optic cables by distributed acoustic sensing
Authors: Mata Flores D , Mercerat E D , Ampuero J P , Rivet D , Sladen A 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYDistributed acoustic sensing (DAS) enables data acquisition for underwater Earth Science with unprecedented spatial resolution. Submarine fibre optic cables traverse sea bottom features that can lead to suspended or decoupled cable portions, and are exposed to the ocean dynamics and to high rates of marine erosion or sediment deposition, which may induce temporal variations of the cable’s mechanical coupling to the ocean floor. Although these spatio-temporal fluctuations of the mechanical coupling affect the quality of the data recorded by DAS, and determine whether a cable section is useful or not for geophysical purposes, the detection of unsuitable cable portions has not been investigated in detail. Here, we report on DAS observations of two distinct vibration regimes of seafloor fibre optic cables: a high-frequency (&gt;2 Hz) regime we associate to cable segments pinned between seafloor features, and a low-frequency (&lt;1 Hz) regime we associate to suspended cable sections. While the low-frequency oscillations are driven by deep ocean currents, the high-frequency oscillations are triggered by the passage of earthquake seismic waves. Using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, we demonstrate that high-frequency oscillations excite normal modes comparable to those of a finite 1-D wave propagation structure. We further identify trapped waves propagating along cable portions featuring high-frequency oscillations. Their wave speed is consistent with that of longitudinal waves propagating across the steel armouring of the cable. The DAS data on cable sections featuring such cable waves are dominated by highly monochromatic noise. Our results suggest that the spatio-temporal evolution of the mechanical coupling between fibre optic cables exposed to the ocean dynamics and the seafloor can be monitored through the combined analysis of the two vibration regimes presented here, which provides a DAS-based method to identify underwater cable sections unsuitable for the analysis of seismic waves.
SOX7 deficiency causes ventricular septal defects through its effects on endocardial-to-mesenchymal transition and the expression of Wnt4 and Bmp2
Authors: Hernández-García Andrés , Pendleton Katherine E , Kim Sangbae , Li Yumei , Kim Bum J , Zaveri Hitisha P , Jordan Valerie K , Berry Aliska M , Ljungberg M Cecilia , Chen Rui , Lanz Rainer B , Scott Daryl A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
SOX7 is a transcription factor-encoding gene located in a region on chromosome 8p23.1 that is recurrently deleted in individuals with ventricular septal defects (VSDs). We have previously shown that Sox7−/− embryos die of heart failure around E11.5. Here, we demonstrate that these embryos have hypocellular endocardial cushions with severely reduced numbers of mesenchymal cells. Ablation of Sox7 in the endocardium also resulted in hypocellular endocardial cushions, and we observed VSDs in rare E15.5 Sox7flox/−;Tie2-Cre and Sox7flox/flox;Tie2-Cre embryos that survived to E15.5. In atrioventricular explant studies, we showed that SOX7 deficiency leads to a severe reduction in endocardial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). RNA-seq studies performed on E9.5 Sox7−/− heart tubes revealed severely reduced Wnt4 transcript levels. Wnt4 is expressed in the endocardium and promotes EndMT by acting in a paracrine manner to increase the expression of Bmp2 in the myocardium. Both WNT4 and BMP2 have been previously implicated in the development of VSDs in individuals with 46,XX sex reversal with dysgenesis of kidney, adrenals and lungs (SERKAL) syndrome and in individuals with short stature, facial dysmorphism and skeletal anomalies with or without cardiac anomalies 1 (SSFSC1) syndrome, respectively. We now show that Sox7 and Wnt4 interact genetically in the development of VSDs through their additive effects on endocardial cushion development with Sox7+/−;Wnt4+/− double heterozygous embryos having hypocellular endocardial cushions and perimembranous and muscular VSDs not seen in their Sox7+/− and Wnt4+/− littermates. These results provide additional evidence that SOX7, WNT4 and BMP2 function in the same pathway during mammalian septal development and that their deficiency can contribute to the development of VSDs in humans.
Water harvesting through fog collectors: a review of conceptual, experimental and operational aspects
Authors: Verbrugghe Nathalie , Khan Ahmed Z 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In water-scarce regions where fog is abundant, the population can rely on this resource to obtain fresh water. The potential to harvest fog is confirmed by Large Fog Collector projects worldwide, which are reviewed. Mostly maintenance issues due to environmental and complex social factors compromise the sustainability of such projects. The researchers endeavour to resolve these issues by developing enhanced materials, while others use biomimetic design, hence creating innovative collectors. The objective of this paper is to survey and review the state of the art and develop a framework of different types of innovative fog collectors, including conceptual, experimental and operational aspects.
Psychiatric Illness and Substance Abuse: Unaddressed Factors in Burn Injury
Authors: Won Paul , Stoycos Sarah , Johnson Maxwell , Gillenwater T Justin , Yenikomshian Haig A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Patients with psychiatric illness and substance use comorbidities have high rates of burn injuries and experience prolonged hospital admissions. This retrospective chart review characterizes this marginalized population’s inpatient burn care and examines post-discharge outcomes compared to burn patients without psychiatric or substance use comorbidities treated at our center. Patients admitted to a single burn center from January 1, 2018 to June 1, 2022 were included. Patient demographics, history of psychiatric disorders, treatment course, and post-discharge outcomes were collected. A total of 1660 patients were included in this study, of which 91 (6%) patients were diagnosed for psychiatric comorbidity and/or substance use comorbidity on admission for burn care. In this cohort of 91 patients with psychiatric and/or substance use comorbidities, the majority of patients were undomiciled (66%) and male (67%). In this cohort, 66 (72%) patients reported recent history or had positive urine toxicology results for illicit substances on admission. In this cohort, a total of 25 (28%) patients had psychiatric comorbidity at the time of burn injury or admission and 69 (76%) patients received inpatient psychiatric care, with 31 (46%) patients requiring psychiatric holds. After discharge, the readmission rate within 1 year of patients with psychiatric and/or substance use comorbidity was over four times greater than that of patients without psychiatric and/or substance use comorbidity. The most common causes of readmission were subsequent mental health crisis (40%) and inability to perform burn care (32%). Our study presents strategies to improve burn care for this marginalized and high-risk population.
An unwelcome guest: two cases of colonic metastatic lobular breast cancer
Authors: Naresh Divya , Othman Bushra , Wei Matthew Yuan-Kun , An Vinna 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTMetastatic spread of invasive lobular breast cancer is rare. It can have a delayed and varied presentation that can mimic other bowel pathologies, such as colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, making its diagnosis difficult. In this study, we present two patients who required colonic resection due to malignant obstruction caused by metastatic invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.
Jude The Obscure: The Letter of Jude and The Enochic Heritage
Authors: Scott James M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The use of 1 Enoch in the letter of Jude extends to more than a single explicit citation in vv. 14–15. Jude also contains a series of allusions to 1 Enoch, including several important ones that have previously gone unnoticed. The purpose of this essay is to explore why the author of Jude chose to emphasize Enoch and the Enochic tradition in such a prominent way in his letter. Our thesis is that the author of Jude emphasized Enoch not only because, for him and his community, the Enochic tradition was absolutely foundational to their understanding of both the Lord Jesus Christ and eschatological salvation, but also because the same Enochic tradition was under strong attack by the false teachers whom Jude denounces in the letter. The essay aims to show that 1 Enoch is much more foundational to the interpretation of Jude than previously suspected.
Isaiah 36–39: Life and Death in The House of God
Authors: Goswell Gregory 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Isa. 39:7–8 is the last of a series of texts in Isaiah 36–9 that share common themes and concerns and, therefore, illuminate each other (cf. 37:37–8; 38:22). In particular, these interconnected texts assist the interpretation of Hezekiah’s final enigmatic comments in 39:8. Following the account of the death of Sennacherib at the hands of his sons, a number of resonances are uncovered in the ensuing narrative about the fate of Hezekiah, which also has implications for the future of his sons. Sennacherib cannot keep himself alive, even while worshipping in the house of his patron god and in the company of his sons (37:37–8). By contrast, Hezekiah anticipates that after his reprieve from death, he and his sons will be found worshipping in the house of yHWH (38:20, 22). Finally, it is forecast that, precipitated by their father’s actions, some of the sons of Hezekiah due to castration and exile will be excluded from the worship of the house of yHWH (39:7), but Hezekiah expresses relief that this will not be his fate, instead he will continue to enjoy God-given ‘peace’ and divine ‘faithfulness’ through participation in the temple cult (39:8).
Grain Boundary Plane Measurement Using Transmission Electron Microscopy Automated Crystallographic Orientation Mapping for Atom Probe Tomography Specimens
Authors: Hartshorne Matthew , Leff Asher , Vetterick Gregory , Hopkins Emily M , Taheri Mitra L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Grain boundaries are critical in determining the properties of materials, including mechanical stability, conductivity, and corrosion resistance. The specific properties of materials depend not only on the misorientation of the crystals, the three most commonly characterized parameters, but also on the angle of the grain boundary plane between the two crystals, the final two parameters in the five-parameter macroscopic description of the grain boundary. The method presented here allows for the direct measurement of all five parameters of the grain boundary in a transmission electron microscopy specimen of various morphologies. This is especially applicable to atom probe specimens, where only a single-tilt axis is generally available, allowing the crystallographic description to be matched to the detailed chemical data available in the atom probe tomography. This method provides a platform for efficient grain boundary analysis in unique samples, saving operator time and allowing for ease of acquisition and interpretation in comparison with traditional electron diffraction methods.
Abell 1201: detection of an ultramassive black hole in a strong gravitational lens
Authors: Nightingale J W , Smith Russell J , He Qiuhan , O’Riordan Conor M , Kegerreis Jacob A , Amvrosiadis Aristeidis , Edge Alastair C , Etherington Amy , Hayes Richard G , Kelly Ash , Lucey John R , Massey Richard J 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTSupermassive black holes (SMBHs) are a key catalyst of galaxy formation and evolution, leading to an observed correlation between SMBH mass MBH and host galaxy velocity dispersion σe. Outside the local Universe, measurements of MBH are usually only possible for SMBHs in an active state: limiting sample size and introducing selection biases. Gravitational lensing makes it possible to measure the mass of non-active SMBHs. We present models of the $z$ = 0.169 galaxy-scale strong lens Abell 1201. A cD galaxy in a galaxy cluster, it has sufficient ‘external shear’ that a magnified image of a $z$ = 0.451 background galaxy is projected just ∼1 kpc from the galaxy centre. Using multiband Hubble Space Telescope imaging and the lens modelling software PYAUTOLENS, we reconstruct the distribution of mass along this line of sight. Bayesian model comparison favours a point mass with MBH = 3.27 ± 2.12 × 1010 M⊙ (3σ confidence limit); an ultramassive black hole. One model gives a comparable Bayesian evidence without an SMBH; however, we argue this model is nonphysical given its base assumptions. This model still provides an upper limit of MBH ≤ 5.3 × 1010 M⊙, because an SMBH above this mass deforms the lensed image ∼1 kpc from Abell 1201’s centre. This builds on previous work using central images to place upper limits on MBH, but is the first to also place a lower limit and without a central image being observed. The success of this method suggests that surveys during the next decade could measure thousands more SMBH masses, and any redshift evolution of the MBH−σe relation. Results are available at https://github.com/Jammy2211/autolens_abell_1201.
Halo mass function in scale invariant models
Authors: Gavas Swati , Bagla Jasjeet , Khandai Nishikanta , Kulkarni Girish 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTSheth–Tormen mass function has been widely used to quantify the abundance of dark matter haloes. It is a significant improvement over the Press–Schechter mass function as it uses ellipsoidal collapse in place of spherical collapse. Both of these mass functions can be written in a form that is universal, i.e. independent of cosmology and power spectrum when scaled in suitable variables. However, cosmological simulations have shown that this universality is approximate. In this paper, we investigate the power spectrum dependence of halo mass function through a suite of dark-matter-only N-body simulations of seven power-law models in an Einstein–de Sitter cosmology. This choice of cosmology and a power-law power spectrum ensures the self-similar evolution of dark matter distribution, allowing us to isolate the power spectrum dependence of mass function. We find that the mass function shows a clear non-universality. We present fits for the parameters of the Sheth–Tormen mass function for a range of power-law power spectrum indices. We find a mild evolution in the overall shape of the mass function with the epoch. Finally, we extend our result to LCDM cosmology. We show that the Sheth–Tormen mass function with parameter values derived from a matched power-law Einstein–de Sitter cosmology provides a better fit to the LCDM mass function than the standard Sheth–Tormen mass function. Our results indicate that an improved analytical theory is required to provide better fits to the mass function.
Evaluation of mpox vaccine dose-sparing strategies
Authors: Dimitrov Dobromir , Adamson Blythe , Matrajt Laura 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The spring–summer 2022 mpox outbreak had over 50,000 cases globally, most of them in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). In response to vaccine shortages, several countries implemented dose-sparing vaccination strategies, stretching a full-dose vaccine vial into up to five fractional-dose vaccines. Recent studies have found mixed results regarding the effectiveness of the mpox vaccine, raising the question of the utility of dose-sparing strategies. We used an age- and risk-stratified mathematical model of an urban MSM population in the United States with ∼12% high-risk MSM to evaluate potential benefits from implementing dose-sparing vaccination strategies in which a full dose is divided into 3.5 fractional doses. We found that results strongly depend on the fractional-dose vaccine effectiveness (VE) and vaccine supply. With very limited vaccines available, enough to protect with a full dose approximately one-third of the high-risk population, dose-sparing strategies are more beneficial provided that fractional doses preserved at least 40% of full-dose effectiveness (34% absolute VE), projecting 13% (34% VE) to 70% (68% absolute VE) fewer infections than full-dose strategies. In contrast, if vaccine supply is enough to cover the majority of the high-risk population, dose-sparing strategies can be outperformed by full-dose strategies. Scenarios in which fractional dosing was 34% efficacious resulted in almost three times more infections than full dosing. Our analysis suggests that when mpox vaccine supply is limited and fractional-dose vaccination retains moderate effectiveness, there are meaningful health benefits from providing a smaller dose to a larger number of people in the high-risk population. These findings should inform the public-health response to future mpox outbreaks.
Improving universities’ activities in academic startup support through public interventions: The effectiveness of the German programme ‘EXIST—leverage of potentials’
Authors: Mueller Christoph E 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Academic startups have a considerable economic impact, which is why public support programmes for them are considered an important component of innovation and technology policy. In this context, university support programmes can be an important part of the policy toolkit by aiming to improve universities’ startup environment and thus promote startup activity at those institutions. Assessing the effectiveness of these programmes is a key evaluation task inasmuch as it provides an evidence base for decision-makers and broadens the discourse on promoting startup culture at universities. This study reports on the background, methodology, and results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of a large university support programme in the academic startup sector in Germany, ‘EXIST—Leverage of potentials’. This programme supports universities which have little experience in building a startup culture and startup-supportive structures. Reliable data are available for two indicators that can be employed to assess intervention effects by means of a difference-in-differences design, namely for the number of applications universities submitted and the number of grants they received in what is Germany’s largest funding programme for prospective startups. The findings indicate that funding by ‘EXIST—Leverage of potentials’ positively affects universities’ activities in the area of startup support.
The global epidemiology of SLE: narrowing the knowledge gaps
Authors: Barber Megan R W , Falasinnu Titilola , Ramsey-Goldman Rosalind , Clarke Ann E 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSLE is a global health concern that unevenly affects certain ethnic/racial groups. Individuals of Asian, Black, Hispanic and Indigenous ethnicity/race are amongst those who experience increased prevalence, incidence, morbidity and mortality. Population-based surveillance studies from many regions are few and often still in nascent stages. Many of these areas are challenged by restricted access to diagnostics and therapeutics. Without accurately capturing the worldwide burden and distribution of SLE, appropriately dedicating resources to improve global SLE outcomes may be challenging. This review discusses recent SLE epidemiological studies, highlighting the challenges and emerging opportunities in low- and middle-income countries. We suggest means of closing these gaps to better address the global health need in SLE.
Country Guidance, Country of Origin Information, and the International Protection Needs of Persons Fleeing Armed Conflicts
Authors: Querton Christel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article explores whether the European Union Agency for Asylum’s country guidance (CG) reflects the international protection needs of persons fleeing armed conflicts. It uses the Agency’s guidance on Iraq as a case study through the lens of objectivity and relevance. The article highlights the disproportionate reliance on military and State-centric sources which adopt a traditional and narrow concept of security grounded in quantitative approaches. The article argues that the main sources of Country of Origin Information used in CG are inadequate to capture the present-day nature of violence in situations of armed conflict. The article makes the case for a re-balancing of sources to be included in CG that reflects wider security studies perspectives and approaches. The article also suggests that the indicators of indiscriminate violence used by the Agency are grounded in international humanitarian law norms and therefore fail to reflect international protection standards, whilst also being inadequate to capture the nature of violence in situations of contemporary armed conflict. The use of sources of information adopting wider security perspectives and qualitative approaches are encouraged and other factors, such as spheres of control by actors to the conflict, are proposed for inclusion into international protection assessments.