bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Merely Rearranging Deck Chairs on the Titanic?
Authors: Backues Lindy 
Published: August 2023

Our present situation finds us navigating a ship while avoiding at least three treacherous and menacing icebergs. The first is the global environmental crisis we face. By itself, this iceberg threatens to sink our ship, yet we seem blissfully to voyage along, either completely unaware of the dangers it poses or in complete denial that anything so menacing could possibly be lurking just over the rail of our ship. The second iceberg is the global pandemic all of us recently experienced. It is no exaggeration to say that this crisis prompted every government on earth to put its economy into a “coma”. No one had a way out, nor did we have any idea how long the problem would last, and experts now tell us this will not be our last pandemic. The third iceberg is the spate of violence and state-sanctioned murders that have been directed toward persons of color, especially toward young black men. Prejudicial, inequitable arrangements found in state configurations across the globe seem to be baked into our world economic order and—alongside the other two icebergs—these threaten to sink our ship unless we come up with social and economic solutions rather quickly.
Our present financial and economic order—our ship—seems ill-equipped to navigate these waters. In this article, I take a rather detailed look at the educational as well as the financial makeup of our ship. It seems that our vessel needs a radical rebuild, a deep-grammar remodification that requires a rethink of our views on education and of the outsized role high finance plays on our world stage today. We are in desperate need of a deeply probing realignment, changes helpfully suggested by way of looking at these crises through an “ESG Impact Investing” lens. ESG approaches offer us deeply insightful environmental, socio-spiritual, and governance/power critiques, provided all three of these factors are deeply appraised and sincerely and holistically considered.
Efecto bioestimulante de una chalcona sintética sobre frijol guajiro (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)
Authors: Valero Valero Nelson Osvaldo , Chima Martínez Kenia Adolfina , Gómez Gómez Javier Alexander 
Published: August 2023

El frijol guajiro es un cultivo de subsistencia importante en zonas secas del caribe colombiano, allí, los tensores ambientales a menudo ocasionan estrés vegetal y limitan la producción agrícola. Los bioestimulantes vegetales mejoran el desempeño de las plantas bajo condiciones de estrés; las chalconas no se han estudiadas como bioestimulantes pero son moléculas multifuncionales que expresan bioactividad y están involucradas en la regulación del metabolismo vegetal, por lo anterior es conveniente estudiar sus propiedades como bioestimulantes en la agricultura. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la chalcona sintética 3-(4-nitrofenil)-1-(piridin-2-i)-prop-2-en-1-ona (CHSNPP) sobre el crecimiento temprano del frijol guajiro (Vigna unguiculata), bajo condiciones de cámara de crecimiento vegetal, para aportar evidencia sobre una posible aplicación como biestimulante. Se probaron soluciones de CHSNPP a concentraciones de 25, 50, 100 y 150 ppm, y se evaluaron dos formas de aplicación (por aspersión foliar- AF e inmersión - IM de plántulas en la solución). El tratamiento mediante IM con 25 ppm ocasionó un incremento del 321 % en el área superficial de raíces, con 50 ppm hubo incremento del 78 % en el número de nódulos formados por la simbiosis con rizóbios nativos presentes en el suelo, además de incrementos del 111 % en biomasa y del 16 % en el índice de contenido de clorofila -ICC, finalmente con 150 ppm se incrementó el número de raíces hasta el 82 %; por su parte, el tratamiento mediante AF con 150 ppm ocasionó incrementos en área foliar y biomasa del 101 % y 137 %. Se concluye que las respuestas observadas en las plantas tratadas con CHSNPP son características de los mecanismos de acción de algunos bioestimulantes no microbianos, lo que permite sugerir un posible uso como bioestimulante en frijol guajiro.
Passive Cooling of a High Power LED Panel Using POLWAX LTP ST Paraffin Doped with or without Carbon Nanotubes or Silver Nanowires
Authors: Zmywaczyk Janusz , Zbińkowski Piotr , Koniorczyk Piotr 
Published: August 2023

Commercially available paraffin wax LTP ST, manufactured in Poland by POLWAX, was used as a phase change material (PCM) for passive cooling of a LED panel containing 28 high power light emitting diodes (LEDs). Paraffin wax LTP ST of density = 930 kgm-3 at room temperature (RT) was chosen over other POLWAX waxes (LUXOLINA, LUXOLINA-ST, LTP 56-20) because of its melting point range (44.5 – 55.4)℃, relatively high latent heat of fusion H = 218.8 Jg-1, high specific heat Cp = 2.11 Jg-1K-1 and thermal conductivity k=0.233 Wm-1K-1 at 0 ℃ [1]. The thermophysical properties were studied in samples of pure LTP ST paraffin and doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (1.99, 3.49, 5.35, 10.49 wt%, MWCNT) or silver nanowires (0.26, 0.32, 1.06, 2.10, 7.35 wt%, SNW). Analysis of the thermal effects of doped samples showed a relative increase in the degree of subcooling, averaging 100% for MWCNT and 46% for SNW , a relative 15÷25% decrease in enthalpy of melting for MWCNT and 14÷16% for SNW. A 44% increase in thermal conductivity was found for the sample containing 5.35 wt% MWCNTs and a 91% increase for 1.06 wt% SNW. The results of cooling efficiency tests for 3 types of developed heat sinks made of AW-2017A aluminum alloy are presented, i.e.: (a) - full system without PCM filling, (b) - system with PCM chamber without intracellular ribs, (c) system with PCM chamber with intracellular fins.
Orthopaedic Surgery Training and Education During COVID-19
Authors: Randall Zachary D. , Ganapathy Aravinda , Kuhn Andrew W. , Silverman Richard M. , Inclan Paul M. , Aleem Alexander W. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
COVID-19 forced surgical resident training programs to adapt to meet educational requirements within the constraints of various guidelines. Some of the changes implemented during the pandemic have imparted a lasting effect on orthopaedic education. As such, the purpose of this article was to review how orthopaedic training and education were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
The published literature was queried using search strategies devised by a medical librarian, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies eligible for inclusion were studies related to COVID-19, orthopaedic surgical training, and medical education. Studies were excluded if they (1) were abstracts, conference proceedings, letters, perspective pieces, reviews, or editorials; (2) evaluated medical student education; (3) included other specialties; or (4) were unrelated to COVID-19 and/or orthopaedic training.

Results:
Eighty-three (n = 83) studies were included. Five themes emerged including (I) Fellowship Application, Interview, and Match Processes; (II) Social Media and Websites for Program Information; (III) Changes in Trainee Surgical Volume; (IV) Trainee Mental Health and Well-being; and (V) Innovations in Education. The pandemic decreased opportunities for medical students to gain exposure to orthopaedic surgery. Social media use, particularly Instagram, among orthopaedic residencies increased during the pandemic. Between the cancellation of away rotations and in-person interviews, applicants saved over $6,000; however, both residency applicants and interviewers preferred in-person interviews. The pandemic led to decreased surgical volume and in-person didactics for trainees, thus relying more on virtual learning. Orthopaedic trainees had mixed feelings regarding online virtual education. Although some respondents reported that they preferred the convenience of online learning, others expressed dissatisfaction with the quality of virtual education.

Conclusions:
The shift to virtual learning affected how applicants learned about residency programs, with many relying on virtual away rotations and social media to compare different programs. The pandemic also highlighted issues of diversity and accessibility within orthopaedic surgery, with cost savings from virtual interviews and canceled away rotations potentially benefiting applicants from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Although some innovative approaches and adaptations to orthopaedic education and training have shown promise and may continue to be used in the future after the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of others, such as virtual interviews, is less clear.
Evaluation of the New Terauchi File Retrieval Kit (TFRK) Versus Modified ET25 Ultrasonic Tip on Retrieval Time and Success Rate of Removal of Fractured Files from Middle Third of Root Canals. (A Comparative in Vitro Study)
Authors: Gameel Nada Mohamed , Gawdat Prof. Dr. Shaimaa Ismail , Mohsen Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the retrieval time, success rate and amount of remaining dentin thickness after removal of separated instruments from middle third of mesial canals of mandibular molar with moderate curvature (10-20°) according to Schneider's classification with: Terauchi ultrasonic tips of (TFRK-new) kit (Woodpecker, medical co., Shanghai, China), modified ET25L ultrasonic tip (Satelec Corp, Merignac Cedex, France), and stock ET25L ultrasonic tip (Satelec Corp, Merignac Cedex, France).

Methodology: a total of 24 human extracted mandibular molar teeth with moderate curvature are selected. Following mesial canals preparations, a CBCT image will be taken before instrument separation. After that, instruments will be fractured in the middle third of mesial canals nd confirmed with periapical radiograph. Teeth will be divided into three groups based on the ultrasonic tip to be used for instrument removal: Group 1 (I1): size 25, 6% separated instrument retrieved using ultrasonic tips of (TFRK-new) kit, group 2 (I2): size 25, 6% separated instrument retrieved using modified ET25L ultrasonic tip, and group 3 (control): size 25, 6% separated instrument retrieved using stock ET25L ultrasonic tip.
Flicker electroretinogram in preterm infants
Authors: Gerth-Kahlert Christina , Taner Aylin , Hanson James , Weber Caroline , Bassler Dirk , McCulloch Daphne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Infants born prematurely are at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity, which is associated with abnormalities in retinal function as measured using electroretinography. The aim of this study was to record and analyse non-invasive flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) in preterm infants.
Methods
In this non-randomized, cross-sectional study, 40 moderate preterm (gestational age (GA) 34 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, group A) and 40 very or extremely preterm infants (GA ≤ 31 weeks, group B) were recruited for flicker ERG recording through closed eyelids using the portable RETeval® device and skin electrodes. Group A was tested within the first week of life and group B between 34th and 37th week postmenstrual age. Flicker stimuli were presented at 28.3 Hz with stimulus levels of 3, 6, 12, 30 and 50 cd•s/m2. Primary endpoints were peak time (ms) and amplitude (µV).
Results
Flicker ERGs were reproducibly recorded in most infants with the highest number of reproducible ERG responses at 30 cd•s/m2. Amplitudes increased with stronger flicker stimulation, while peak times did not differ significantly between stimulus levels nor groups. Amplitudes were significantly greater in Group B at the strongest stimulus level (Mann-Whitney-U-Test = 198.00, Z = - 4.097, p = <0.001).
Conclusions
Feasibility of collecting flicker ERG data in most preterm infants was confirmed in this study. We found no evidence of reduced retinal responses to flicker stimuli associated with extreme prematurity. Higher amplitudes in infants born very, and extremely preterm could indicate acceleration of retinal development following birth, triggered by visual stimulation.
Overcoming strain degeneration in the Weizmann process for continuous production of advanced biofuels
Authors: Yoo Minyeong , Ehsaan Muhammad , Kruit Wouter , Foulquier Celine , Minton Nigel , Soucaille Philippe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

We engineered Clostridium acetobutylicum to continuously and stably produce advanced biofuels by integrating the pSOL1 megaplasmid into the chromosome using an advanced synthetic biology approach and further integrating sadh and hydG from Clostridium beijerinckii to convert acetone to isopropanol. In a membrane bioreactor, continuously fed with a glucose mineral medium, the final strain stably produced advanced biofuels at high yield (0.31 g·g-1), titre (15.4 g·L-1) and productivities (15.5 g·L-1·h-1).
Effect of short-term compression therapy after thermal ablation for varicose veins: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Mingjun , Jiang Weihua , Hong Jin , Li Lubin , Shang Dan , Zhao Yue , Liu Zhenjie , Qi Ming , Jin Mingjuan , Zhu Yuefeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background For patients with varicose veins, the goal is to relieve pain, swelling, reduce the severity of edema, improve skin changes, and heal ulcers associated with venous disease. Compression therapy is the cornerstone of their management. Several studies have shown that wearing an elastic bandage for the first 24 hours and then a compression stocking for a week can effectively reduce the pain after thermal ablation. However, in clinical practice, patient compliance with this treatment could be better, considering difficulties in pulling up and removing the compression stocking, concerns with tightness and skin irritation because these must be worn for a prolonged period. A potential solution to battling these barriers is short-term compression therapy. Besides, the effect and necessity of wearing compression stockings after thermal ablation have been questioned. Based on current clinical experience and limited evidence, although some scholars have suggested that compression therapy may be an unnecessary adjunctive therapy after thermal ablation, there is still a great deal of uncertainty in the absence of compression therapy after thermal ablation compared to compression therapy. Therefore, we advocate further research to evaluate the clinical effect of short-term postoperative compression therapy. Further, well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed.
Methods A prospective, multicenter, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial is designed to evaluate the non-inferiority of target vein occlusion rate at three months. Three hundred sixty patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of the following treatments: (A) 3M™ Coban™ elastic bandage for 48h or (B) 3M™ Coban™ elastic bandage for the first 24h and then a Class II compression full-length stocking (23-32mm Hg) for one week. The two groups will be compared on several variables, including target vein occlusion rate at three months (primary outcome indicator), pain, quality of life, clinical severity of varicose veins, postoperative complications, time to return to regular work, and compliance.
Discussion Suppose the effect of the 3M™ Coban™ elastic bandage for 48h proves to be non-inferior to long-term compression therapy. In that case, this short-term treatment may contribute to a future update of clinical guidelines for compression therapy after thermal ablation of varicose veins, resulting in higher patient compliance and better postoperative quality of life.
Trial Registration The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials, NCT05840991
(https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05840991) . Registered on May 3rd, 2023.
Isolated chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to a novel duplication variant of IL17RC
Authors: Noma Kosuke , Tsumura Miyuki , Nguyen Tina , Asano Takaki , Sakura Fumiaki , Tamaura Moe , Imanaka Yusuke , Mizoguchi Yoko , Karakawa Shuhei , Hayakawa Seiichi , Shoji Takayo , Hosokawa Junichi , Izawa Kazushi , Ling Yun , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Puel Anne , Tangye Stuart G , Ma Cindy S , Ohara Osamu , Okada Satoshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Inborn errors of the IL-17A/F-responsive pathway lead to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) as a predominant clinical phenotype, without other significant clinical manifestations apart from mucocutaneous staphylococcal diseases. Amongst inborn errors affecting IL-17-dependent immunity, autosomal recessive (AR) IL-17RC deficiency is a rare disease with only three kindreds described to date. The lack of an in vitro functional evaluation system of IL17RC variants renders its diagnosis difficult. We sought to characterize a seven-year-old Japanese girl with CMC carrying a novel homozygous duplication variant of IL17RC and establish a simple in vitro system to evaluate the impact of this variant.
Methods
Flow cytometry, qPCR, RNA-sequencing, and immunoblotting were conducted, and an IL17RC-knockout cell line was established for functional evaluation.
Results
The patient presented with oral and mucocutaneous candidiasis without staphylococcal diseases since the age of three months. Genetic analysis showed that the novel duplication variant (Chr3: 9,971,476-9,971,606 dup (+ 131bp)) involving exon 13 of IL17RC results in a premature stop codon (p.D457Afs*16 or p.D457Afs*17). Our functional evaluation system revealed this duplication to be loss-of-function and enabled discrimination between loss-of-function and neutral IL17RC variants. The lack of response to IL-17A by the patient’s SV40-immortalized fibroblasts was restored by introducing WT-IL17RC, suggesting that the genotype identified is responsible for her clinical phenotype.
Conclusions
The clinical and cellular phenotype of the current case of AR IL-17RC deficiency supports a previous report on this rare disorder. Our newly established evaluation system will be useful for diagnosis of AR IL-17RC deficiency, providing accurate validation of unknown IL17RC variants.
Spatial extent of dysbiosis in the branching coral Pocillopora damicornis during an acute disease outbreak
Authors: Greene Austin , Moriarty Tess , Leggatt William , Ainsworth Tracy D. , Donahue Megan J. , Raymundo Laurie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Globally, coral reefs are experiencing increased disease prevalence and the continuing emergence of large-scale outbreak events. Acute coral disease outbreaks are an immediate threat to coral reefs, but also provide an opportunity to identify the underlying microbial and functional patterns indicative of coral disease, and whether these can serve as indicators of disease risk. Outbreak events also allow testing of prevailing theory on how reef-building corals respond to disease, either systemically as whsole individuals or as heterogeneous colonial organisms. Here, we coupled assessment of coral meta-organism structure (microbiome) and function (metabolome) in Pocillopora damicornis during an outbreak of tissue loss disease to determine whether dysbiosis indicated disease in tissues without visual signs of impact. Coral fragments with visual evidence of disease are characterized by higher variance in microbial community structure and metabolic function, indicating disruption of the meta-organism. However, these indicators are absent in the microbiome and metabolome of visibly-healthy fragments sourced from the same diseased colonies. A lack of systemic, colony-wide disease response challenges the notion that broad dysbiosis could serve as a pre-visual indicator of disease and invites renewed discussion of how we assess the health of colonial corals.
The Study on the effect of mercury pollution on soil microorganisms around mercury mining area
Authors: Du Jianxiong , Ren Yuxiang , Zhang Shuqing , Li Jianfeng , Huang Huiqiong , Liu Jie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to further explore the effects of soil mercury pollution at different distances from the mercury mining area on soil microbial diversity and community structure, 2m, 20m, 30m, 500m and 650m from the periphery of the mercury mining area were selected as soil sampling areas. Four different points were randomly selected from the soil sampling areas of 2m, 20m, 30m, 500m and 650m to collect 0-20cm soil samples under the surface, a total of 20 soil samples. Soil microbial DNA was extracted from 20 soil samples after treatment, and then soil microbial DNA was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that in the three levels of order, family and genus, the number of bacteria and fungi in the high mercury soil of 2–30 m from the mercury mining area was significantly higher than that in the high mercury soil of 500–650 m from the mercury mining area. At the level of family and genus, the number of unique bacteria and fungi to soil samples at different points at the same distance was quite different. The results of the effect on the microbial community structure showed that at the order level, the dominant bacteria in the high mercury soil or medium and high mercury soil at 2m, 20m, 30m, 500m, 650m from the mercury mining area were Sphingomonadales and Sphingobacteriales, and the dominant fungi were Agaricales and Sebacinales. At the family level, the dominant bacteria were Sphingomonadaceae and Chitinophagaceae, and the dominant fungi were Sebacinaceae and Hygrophoraceae. At the genus level, the dominant bacteria were norank_Acidobacteria_Gp6, Sphingomonas, norank_Acidobacteria_Gp4, and the dominant fungi were Hygrocybe and Sebacina. The internal heterogeneity of soil caused significant differences in unique bacteria and fungi at the same site, and the emergence of dominant bacteria and fungi was a manifestation of high adaptability to long-term mercury stress and other stresses in soil, which provided a scientific reference for further exploring the mechanism of synergistic mercury enrichment between microorganisms and plants.
Validating indigenous farmers’ practice in the management of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) in maize cropping systems in Africa
Authors: Niassy Saliou , Omuse Evanson Rigan , Khangati John Emanuel , Bächinger Ines , Kupesa David Mfuti , Cheseto Xavier , Mbatha Benjamin W , Copeland Robert , Mohamed Samira Abuelgasim , Gama Mphatso , Mitti Joyce Mulila , Belayneh Yeneneh , Delabays Nicolas , Lefort François , Ekesi Sunday , Subramanian Sevgan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Before the invasion of the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda into Africa, smallholder farmers had been using indigenous practices such as applying fish soup onto plants to manage stemborer pests. Although farmers have since begun adapting this practice against FAW, no attempt had been made to evaluate the practice scientifically. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of applying fish soup to maize plants that were artificially infested with FAW under semi-field conditions. Our results showed that foliar damage is inversely correlated with the concentration of a fish soup + sugar solution, with the highest (100%) concentration resulting in the lowest foliar damage and the highest plant recovery. A concentration of fish soup + sugar solution of at least 25.9% was required to achieve the lowest foliar damage of 17.8% and peak plant recovery of 73.6%. Fish soup + sugar solutions attracted a wide range of insects, including potential natural enemies (predators and parasitoids) of FAW in a dose-dependent manner. Maize plants treated with fish soup + sugar showed higher chlorophyll content and better growth than the control did. Proximate and chemical analysis showed that fish soup contains essential plant growth nutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium). Through GC-MS analyses, we identified 76 volatile organic compounds in fish soup, of which 16 have been reported as insect attractants, highlighting their potential ecological significance. Therefore, the indigenous pest management practices for FAW, such as the use of fish soup, deserve particular attention. These practices could contribute to food security and improved livelihoods of vulnerable communities. Further field validation studies, economic analyses, product development and optimisation are required.