bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Preventative Health Series at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Sharma Shelly , Kamran Wali , Conforti Mark , Tempera Patrick , Cooney Alessia , Fliorent Rebecca , Mukhopadhyay Sweta , Brolis Nils 
Published: May 2023

The Rowan Community Health Clinic (RCHC), located in a small community in southern New Jersey, strives to promote positive healthcare experiences as part of its service in a largely underserved area. A significant number of RCHC’s patients are immigrants, lack primary care physicians, or have difficulty communicating with doctors. Many of them demonstrate limited health literacy, which has been associated with mismanagement of health conditions, increased costs, and distrust of physicians. Lack of opportunities for health education may contribute to decreased health literacy.
To address this concern affecting its patient population, the RCHC implemented a monthly Preventative Health Series (PHS) with the goal of engaging the community in order to improve health literacy. A specific health topic was emphasized each month, such as Diabetes Awareness in November and Mental Health Awareness in December. Infographics providing information about the selected topic were shared throughout the month via social media. Furthermore, during the third week of the month, a doctor or medical student gave an interactive presentation intended to facilitate discussion about the topic among healthcare workers and community members. Due to the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, these discussions had to be conducted online. However, using an online platform also allowed us to reach a wider audience.
Filling a Gap in Healthcare for the Transgender Community in the Central Savannah River Area
Authors: Casanova Tracy , Yohannan Jiby , Wood Elizabeth , Griffin James , Wallace Catherine , Brands Susan , Draheim Amanda , Stepleman Lara 
Published: May 2023

Background: Lack of insurance coverage and provider training are significant barriers that contribute to health disparities among members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community. Locality can exacerbate health disparities due to lack of competent providers and higher levels of community stigma. The Equality Clinic in Augusta, GA, was created by medical students at the Medical College of Georgia to provide care to uninsured or underinsured members of the LGBTQ community in the Central Savannah River Area. The purpose of the following report is to examine demographic characteristics and presenting concerns of patients served by the Equality Clinic during its first two years of existence.
Methods: The current report utilized retrospective medical record review from the first two years of operation to identify trends in patient demographics, presenting concerns, and service utilization.
Results: Although the Equality Clinic was created to provide multiple facets of healthcare to the broader LGBTQ community, the services that were utilized in the first two years were strongly composed of gender affirmative care for those who identified as transgender. Overall, the patients served at the Equality Clinic were healthy with few chronic health conditions reported, however, a high rate of substance use was endorsed.
Conclusions: This study may point to unique needs of transgender patients and highlights the lack of access to gender-related care in the rural southeast United States.
PERNIKAHAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Hasbi M Fikri , Apandi Dede 
Published: May 2023

Pernikahan merupakan salah satu fitrah kemanusiaan (‘garizah insaniyah) naluri kemanusiaan, karena itu islam menganjurkan menikah. Bila garizah tidak dipenuhi dengan jalan yang sah yaitu pernikahan, maka ia akan mencari jalan-jalan syetan yang banyak menjerumuskan ke lembah hitam. Islam telah menjadikan ikatan pernikahan yang sah berdasarkan al-Qur’an dan as-Sunah sebagai satu-satunya sarana untuk memenuhi tuntunan naluri manusia yang asasi serta sarana untuk membina keluarga yang islami. Penelitian ini ditunjukan untuk mengadakan kajian yang lebih mendalam terhadap makna yang terkandung di balik teks ayat al-Qur’an tentang menikah, sehingga dapat diketahui dengan jelas bagaimana ayat al-Qur’an berbicara mengenai pernikahan. Hasil dari penelelitian ini penululis menyoimpulkan bahwa bahwa dalam pernikahan terdapat tuntunan hakiki yaitu kebahagiaan yang bersifat rohani, karena pada hakekatnya perkawinan menurut Allah dalam firman-Nya telah memberikan kesempatan kepada manusia untuk meraih kebahagiaan jasmani dan rohani melalui pernikahan yang menimbulkan halalnya hubungan antara laki- laki dan perempuan dari suatu perkawinan. Berpasang pasangan merupakan sunatullah yang berlaku pada semua mahluk Allah Swt, baik pada manusia, tumbuh tumbuhan maupun hewan. Untuk hidup berpasang-pasangan, terlebih dahulu manusia harus diikat dengan ikatan pernikahan yang sah, disinilah letak perbedaan manusia dengan makhluk lainnya.
KONTEKSTUALISASI MAKNA JAHIL IYAH PERSPEKTIF SAYYID QUTUB DALAM KITAB FI ZILAL AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Shidqi M Yusron , Fauzi Moh Zainuri 
Published: May 2023

Bermula dari pernyataan Sayyid Qutub yang mengatakan bahwa jahiliyah bukanlah kebalikan dari apa yang dinamakan ilmu pengetetahuan (‘ilm), akan tetapi Jahiliyah yang dimaksud dalam Al-Qur’an adalah keadaan spritual yang menolak uluhiyyah Allah dan suatu aturan atau sistem yang bertolak belakang dengan hukum Allah. Boleh dikatakan bahwa Jahiliyah itu adalah kebalikan dari Islam dan bertentangan dengan Islam. Dan juga kejahiliyahan itu tidak hanya terbatas dalam waktu tertentu saja, akan tetapi Jahiliyah adalah suatu tatanan, suatu aturan, suatu sistem yang dapat dijumpai kemarin, hari ini, bahkan hari esok. Tentu pendapat ini mengejutkan mengingat hampir suluruh umat muslim mengakui bahwa jahiliyah adalah suatu masa sebelum datangnya Islam. Dengan demikan, maka penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengkaji metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat-ayat jahiliyah sehingga menghasilkan pemaknaan yang demikian itu. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kualitatif dengan model study kepustakaan (library research) dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode dokumentasi. Adapun yang menjadi sumber primer dalam penelitian ini adalah kitab Tafsir fi Zilal al-Qur’an dan juga literatur-literatur kepustakaan yang relevan dengan topik pembahasan. Dengan metode analisis data deskriptif-analisis diharapkan akan dapat mengetahui metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat.Melalui metode yang telah dipaparkan di atas menghasilkan sebuah kesimpulan bahwa Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat al-Qur’an secara kontekstual. Adapun metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat secara kontekstual adalah metode doubel-movent dengan pendekatan sosio-historis, sehingga menghasilkan sebuah makna kontekstual terhadap jahiliyah. Diantara makna-maknanya adalah; perilaku-perilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan-aturan Allah, sebuah ideologi tanpa disertai argumentasi yang ilmiah, dan kesombongan serta fanatisme kesukuan.
Economic Impact of Industrial Water Pollution on Agriculture and Rural Households in Bhavani River Basin of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Suresh R. , Kumar D. Suresh , Palanichamy N. Venkatesa , Duraisamy M. R. , Maheswari M. 
Published: May 2023

Aim: To study the impact of industrial water pollution on Agriculture and rural households in Bhavani River basin of Tamil Nadu.
Study Design: Multistage random sampling.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in the Sathyamangalam block of Erode district of Tamil Nadu during September 2021 to December 2021.
Methodology: Erode district of Tamil Nadu has been purposively selected due to high intensity of industrial units. In the second stage, Sathyamangalam block of Erode district, was selected based on the extent of external effects on land and water. In total, 360 respondents are selected as a sample, constituting ten persons in each affected and unaffected village. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the present study.
Results and Conclusion: The industrial water pollution in Bhavani River basin of Tamil Nadu leads to changes in agricultural pattern, reduction in farm income, decline in agricultural activities and most of the rural households were shifted to non-farming activities in this study area. In order to overcome these issues, it is suggested to develop alternative sources of water for irrigation.
Study on the Effect of Different Drying Methods on the Proximate, Nutritional and Mineral Composition of Clarias gariepinus (Catfish)
Authors: Okwakpam F. N. , Felagha I. , Gbogbara M. V. , Uahomo P. O. 
Published: May 2023

Aim: This study investigated the effect of modern drying methods on the proximate, nutritional, and mineral composition of Clarias gariepinus in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Methods: Fresh C. gariepinus were purchased from Mile 3 Market in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Samples were dissected using a sharp knife, intestinal components, and gills were removed and the edible portion was washed properly and rinsed with distilled water. Samples were treated in four groups: fresh, smoking using firewood, electric drying (200oC), and non-electric drying (200oC for 30 minutes) methods. Samples were blended using mortar and pestle into powder and kept in an air-tight container prior to analyses.
Results: The proximate composition of C. gariepinus revealed that crude protein concentration was in the following proportions; electric drying method (52.16+0.01%), non-electric drying method (43.40+0.00%), smoking method (32.72+0.00%) and fresh (23.01+0.00%). The lipid content of smoked and electric-dried C. gariepinus was significantly (p<0.05) higher compared to the fresh sample. However, there was no significant difference between the lipid content of fresh C. gariepinus sample and non-electric dried sample. The carbohydrate content increased in the smoking and electric drying methods but decreased in the non-electric drying method. The ash content increased only in the smoking method but decreased in both the electric dryer and non-electric dryer methods. Fresh samples had the highest moisture content (74.03+0.00%) while the least was observed in the electric dried sample (38.84+0.00%). The percent anti-nutrient composition of C. gariepinus showed that smoked samples had the highest flavonoid concentration (3.252±0.00%) which was not significantly higher (p>0.05) than the flavonoid content of electric dried C. gariepinus (2.89±0.33). The levels of selected minerals showed varying concentrations of potassium, sodium and calcium for the various processing methods.
Conclusion: Modern drying methods had a significant effect on the proximate component, flavonoids, and oxalate composition of C. gariepinus. Electric drying method showed to be a better method of drying Clarias gariepinus compared to other drying methods.
Influence of Hormonal Treatments on STEM Cuttings through Multiplication in Therapeutically Worthwhile Plant Tinospora cordifolia
Authors: Akhilraj B. C. , Suresh J. , Rajamani K. , Kumar M. , Gnanam R. 
Published: May 2023

India is a leader in the usage of the ancient ayurveda system and is blessed with a vast richness of medicinal herbs. Over 68 Ayurveda formulations contain the medicine Guduchi as one of its main constituents, and need for this medication has climbed from 3000 to 6000 MT with a 9.1% yearly increase. Unfortunately, uncontrolled harvesting is causing the natural populations to decline. There is plenty of room to expand the commercial production of these plants given the enormous increase in demand. For the purpose of creating a technique for rapid multiplication, propagation by stem cuttings was examined in the current experiment. For this species, the impact of various GA3 concentrations on stem cuttings during 30 DAP and 45 DAP was investigated using the randomized block design (RBD) with four replications. The 200 ppm GA3-treated stem cuttings of T. cordifolia (T1) showed considerable rooting (85.75%). The highest shoot lengths at 45 days after planting were measured for treatments T1 (average 106.15 cm). Maximum root numbers were measured for treatments T1 (6.25 cm) and treatment T1 had slightly longer roots (17.42 cm), but there were no statistical differences in mean values. Throughout the course of the experiment, T. cordifolia cuttings' average lowest and maximum growth rates ranged from 4.33 cm/day to 7.1 cm/day. The results of this study showed that the optimal propagation approach for T. cordifolia for commercial multiplication is influence of hormonal treatments on stem cuttings.
Studies on the Preservation of Kokum (Garcinia indica) Rind Juice at Ambient Storage Condition
Authors: Takale S. R. , Relekar P. P. , Kadam J. H. 
Published: May 2023

The study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of sodium benzoate at ambient storage condition on kokum rind juice. For this experiment, Factorial Completely Randomized Design (F.C.R.D.) was used. During the investigation, the chemical parameter, microbial analysis and sensory qualities of kokum rind juice were studied. During the 3 months of ambient storage condition, analysis was conducted at the interval of one month. The chemical parameter like acidity, TSS, reducing sugar, total sugar, anthocyanins and microbial analysis, sensory qualities changed significantly. From the experiment it can be concluded that the kokum rind juice could be stored at 1500 ppm sodium benzoate concentration in a good acceptable condition at ambient storage condition.
Latine Patients’ Beliefs, Attitudes, and Experience With Psoriasis
Authors: Gonzalez Nathaly , Wilkerson Kamina , Castillo Valladares Herbert , Sanchez-Anguiano Maria Elena , Chang Aileen Y. , Amerson Erin H. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceIn the US, Latine patients disproportionately experience severe psoriasis, limited access to care, and poor disease-related quality of life. However, little is known about psoriasis in this growing US population.ObjectivesTo explore Latine patients’ perception of their illness and their attitudes toward and experiences with the health care system, treatment, and research.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this qualitative study, a thematic analysis was performed of in-depth, semistructured interviews of 30 Latine adults with moderate to severe psoriasis at an outpatient dermatology clinic in an urban safety-net hospital. All patients included had psoriasis diagnosed by a dermatologist and were defined as having moderate to severe psoriasis if systemic treatment was offered at any time during their disease course. Interviews were held between July 7 and August 3, 2022. Data saturation was used to determine sample size.Main Outcomes and MeasuresInterviews were conducted in English or Spanish, audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated. Transcripts were then coded through an iterative process, and themes were identified through thematic analysis.ResultsAmong 30 participants included, the mean (SD) age was 50 (11) years, 20 (67%) were male, and 22 (73%) preferred Spanish. Among 15 participants who disclosed their country of origin or ancestry, 7 (23%) were from Mexico; 4 (13%), Guatemala; 2 (7%), El Salvador; 1 (3%), Honduras; 1 (3%), Nicaragua; and 1 (3%), Peru. Six interrelated themes describing participant experiences were identified: (1) illness perception of psoriasis, (2) reliance on sociofamilial connections for medical decision-making, (3) impact of psoriasis on work life, (4) barriers to accessing quality dermatologic care, (5) receptiveness to prescription and nonprescription treatments, and (6) positive perception and interest toward research.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study highlight the impact of psoriasis on Latine individuals, the efforts made by this population to overcome health disparities, their positive perception toward biologic medications, and their interest in participating in biomedical research. Future investigations should assess educational interventions and further explore the preferences of Latine patients toward biologic medications and biomedical research.
Academic Detailing Interventions and Evidence-Based Prescribing
Authors: Rome Benjamin N. , Dancel Ellen , Chaitoff Alexander , Trombetta Dominick , Roy Shuvro , Fanikos Paul , Germain Jayda , Avorn Jerry 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceAcademic detailing (interactive educational outreach) is a widely used strategy to encourage evidence-based prescribing by clinicians.ObjectiveTo evaluate academic detailing programs targeted at improving prescribing behavior and describe program aspects associated with positive outcomes.Evidence ReviewA systematic search of MEDLINE from April 1, 2007, through December 31, 2022, was performed for randomized trials and nonrandomized studies of academic detailing interventions to improve prescribing. Academic detailing was defined as evidence-based medication education outreach delivered interactively to individuals or small groups of prescribers. Only studies that measured prescribing outcomes were included. Two investigators independently assessed studies for risk of bias using validated assessment tools. Among all studies rated as having low risk of bias and randomized trials rated as having moderate risk of bias, the absolute change in the proportion of patients using the targeted medications and the proportion of studies that led to significant changes in 1 or more prescribing outcome were determined. The data analysis was performed between January 25, 2022, and November 4, 2024.FindingsThe 118 studies identified varied by setting (eg, inpatient, outpatient) and academic detailing delivery (eg, individual vs groups of prescribers). The most common therapeutic targets were antibiotic overuse (32 studies [27%]), opioid prescribing (24 studies [20%]), and management of mental health conditions (16 studies [14%]) and cardiovascular disease (13 studies [11%]). Most studies (66 [56%]) combined academic detailing with other interventions (eg, audit and feedback, electronic health record reminders). Among 36 studies deemed to have the lowest risk of bias, 18 interventions (50%; 95% CI, 33%-67%) led to significant improvements in all prescribing outcomes, and 7 (19%; 95% CI, 8%-36%) led to significant improvements in 1 or more prescribing outcomes. The median absolute change in the proportion of patients using the targeted medication or medications was 4.0% (IQR, 0.3%-11.3%) in the intended direction.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review of academic detailing interventions addressing evidence-based prescribing, most interventions led to substantial changes in prescribing behavior, although the quality of evidence varied. These findings support the use of academic detailing to bring about more evidence-based prescribing in a variety of clinical settings.
Development and Validation of a Tool to Predict Onset of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Dementia
Authors: Chu Chenyin , Wang Yifei , Wang Yihan , Fowler Christopher , Zisis Georgios , Masters Colin L. , Doecke James D. , Goudey Benjamin , Jin Liang , Pan Yijun ,   AIBL Research Group and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Weiner Michael W. , Aisen Paul , Petersen Ronald , Beckett Laurel , Perrin Richard J. , Toga Arthur W. , Saykin Andrew J. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceThe ability to predict the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer dementia (AD) could allow older adults and clinicians to make informed decisions about dementia care.ObjectiveTo assess whether the age at onset of MCI and AD can be predicted using a statistical modeling approach.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prognostic study used data from 2 aging and dementia cohort studies—the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle (AIBL) study and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)—for model development and validation of the Florey Dementia Index (FDI), a tool used to predict the age at onset of MCI and AD in older adults. Data from the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer (A4) study were used for a simulated trial. Data were collected from 1665 AIBL participants, 2029 ADNI participants, and 93 A4 participants from October 1, 2004, to March 1, 2023. The data analysis was conducted between January and August 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPredicted age at onset compared with clinically observed age at onset.ResultsAmong the 1665 AIBL participants (741 [44.5%] female) and 2029 ADNI participants (925 [45.6%] female), the mean (SD) age at first evaluation was 71.8 (7.1) years and 74.5 (6.7) years, respectively. The FDI achieved mean absolute errors of 2.78 (95% CI, 2.63-2.93) years for predicting MCI onset and 1.48 (95% CI, 1.32-1.65) years for predicting AD onset. In the simulated trial with 93 A4 participants (48 [51.6%] female; mean [SD] age at baseline, 73.4 [5.1] years), the FDI achieved mean absolute errors of 1.57 (95% CI, 1.41-1.71) years for predicting MCI onset and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.53-0.88) years for predicting AD onset.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this prognostic study, the FDI was developed and validated to predict the onset age of MCI and AD. This tool may be useful in organizing health care for older adults with cognitive decline or dementia and in the future may help prioritize patients for the use of disease-modifying monoclonal antibody drugs.
Modifying Informed Consent to Help Address Functional Unmasking in Psychedelic Clinical Trials
Authors: Matvey Michelle , Kelley D. Parker , Bradley Ellen R. , Chiong Winston , O’Donovan Aoife , Woolley Josh 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceThere is unprecedented clinician, industry, and patient interest in the therapeutic development of psychedelic drugs. This is due to a combination of promising clinical trial results, positive media coverage, and the lack of novel pharmacologic treatments for psychiatric disorders in recent decades. However, the field faces a key methodological challenge: masking participants to treatment conditions in psychedelic clinical trials has been largely unsuccessful.ObjectiveWhen participants can tell whether they received active drug or placebo, their responses to clinical assessments, questionnaires, and even their functional imaging and biological data can be influenced by preconceptions about treatment effects. Positive patient expectancies combined with ineffective masking may skew outcomes and inflate effect sizes. This complicates efforts to determine the safety and efficacy of psychedelic drugs. Here, we explore a method to help address this problem: modifying informed consent to obscure information about the study design.Evidence ReviewWe reviewed all contemporary (2000-2024) clinical trials of psychedelic or methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) therapy and corresponded with the investigators to compile information on the use of modifications to informed consent in these studies.FindingsModifying informed consent to obscure details of the study design has been implemented in several psychedelic clinical trials and may offer a way to strengthen masking. However, this approach poses significant ethical risks. We examine examples of modifications used in the psychedelic literature, discuss the current regulatory landscape, and suggest strategies to mitigate risks associated with modified informed consent.Conclusions and RelevanceIncorporating modified informed consent in future psychedelic clinical trials may improve interpretability and impact, but this has not been explicitly tested. Modifications to informed consent may not be appropriate in all cases, and risks to participants should be minimized by implementing appropriate guardrails.