bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nontarget impacts of insecticide-based population control of eastern spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on nontarget caterpillar communities and parasitism
Authors: Glaus Valentine , Nisole Audrey , Edwards Sara , Bélanger Sébastien , Johns Rob C. , Djoumad Abdelmadjid , Cusson Michel , Fournier Valérie , Martel Véronique 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Narrow-spectrum insecticides are currently used to control populations of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in eastern Canada. However, these could have nontarget impacts on other caterpillars – some of which may serve as alternative or alternate hosts to key parasitoids – that are also susceptible to control tactics. This study was conducted to determine how the insecticides, Bacillus thuringiensis variety kurstaki (Btk) and tebufenozide, used to control spruce budworm populations, impact caterpillar communities and associated parasitism rates. Post-treatment field sampling of caterpillars was conducted in 2018 and 2019 in New Brunswick, Canada, at sites treated with either Btk or tebufenozide and at control sites. Caterpillar species richness and abundance, community structure, and parasitism rates were assessed using molecular analyses for 659 collected caterpillars. We found that insecticide applications had no significant impact on abundance, species richness, or parasitism rate relative to the measurements made in the control sites. Nonetheless, a significantly higher caterpillar abundance and lower parasitism rate occurred in Btk-treated sites than in tebufenozide-treated sites. Overall, however, Btk and tebufenozide treatments did not negatively affect the non-budworm caterpillar community under the present conditions of low caterpillar densities, suggesting that parasitoids have alternative and alternate hosts after treatments that target the spruce budworm.
Stage I seminoma: outcome of different treatment modalities & changes in patterns of care: A single institution experience
Authors: Mahmoud Sayed Manar , Nasr Azza Mohamad , Saad Eldin Ibtesam Mohamad , Abdelazim Yasser Anwar 
Published: February 2023

Background: The mainstay for management of stage I seminoma is high inguinal orchiectomy with post-orchiectomy therapeutic options including active surveillance, chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Objectives: To analyze different post-orchiectomy treatment modalities outcomes of stage I seminoma patients presented to NCI, Cairo University in the period from 2005-2019.
Patients and methods: A retrospective review of all patients' records with clinical stage I seminoma who presented to our institute in the period from 2005-2019 was done. Adjuvant treatment details were extracted and we compared overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) for different modalities and changes in patterns of care over this period.
Results: Thirty five patients were identified with thirty three patients eligible for analysis. Median age was 35 years (range, 19-52). Fourteen patients were kept under active surveillance, eleven patients received adjuvant carboplatin and eight patients received adjuvant radiation to para-aortic chain. Five-year OS was 100% for all patients regardless post-operative approach. Five-year DFS was 100% for patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy versus 93% for patients who were kept under active surveillance (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Clinical stage I seminoma is a favorable disease entity with favorable disease related outcomes regardless post-operative approach. Active surveillance is reasonable and safe given equal survival to active treatment.
Alternative methods for calculating percentage haemolysis of red cell concentrates in peripheral blood banks in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando Caroline A. , Dissanayake Deklanji T. , Hewamana Uththara I. , Rathnaweera Shyamini , Samanthilake Wickrama A. , Tudugala Ranga , Jayasekara Kithsiri B. , Kuruppu Kumudu 
Published: February 2023

Background: Haemolysis – one of the major limiting factors of red cell concentrate quality – must be measured as a quality-monitoring requirement. According to international quality standards, percentage haemolysis must be monitored in 1.0% of red cell concentrates produced monthly and maintained under 0.8%.Objective: This study assessed three alternative methods for determining plasma haemoglobin concentration in peripheral blood banks that lack a plasma or low haemoglobin photometer – the gold-standard method – in Sri Lanka.Methods: A standard haemolysate was prepared using an unexpired whole blood pack of normal haemoglobin concentration. A concentration series from 0.1 g/dL to 1.0 g/dL was prepared by diluting portions of standard haemolysate with saline. The alternative methods, namely visual haemoglobin colour scale, spectrophotometric calibration graph, and standard haemolysate capillary tube comparison, were designed using this concentration series and were used to test red cell concentrates received at the Quality Control Department of the National Blood Center, Sri Lanka, from February 2021 to May 2021.Results: A strong correlation was observed between the haemoglobin photometer method and the alternative methods (R = ~0.9). Based on the linear regression model, the standard haemolysate capillary tube comparison method was the best of the three alternative methods (R2 = 0.974).Conclusion: All three alternative methods are recommended for use in peripheral blood banks. The standard haemolysate capillary tube comparison method was the best model.
Periodisation of the philosophy of Islamic rationalism in the perspective of Zaki Naguib Mahmud
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto 
Published: February 2023

In the current era of disruption, causality cannot be opposed to religion, so the independence of reason can contribute to the development of contemporary global thought in the Islamic world. This paper seeks to uncover the roots of the periodization of the philosophy of Islamic rationalism in the view of Zaki Naquib Mahmud. The primary data source is three books titled Arabiy baina Tsaqafatain, Tajdid Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, and Al-Ma’qul wa al-La Ma’qul fi Turatsina al-Fikribaik. Research data is a discourse that contains elements of religion and rationalism. The process of collecting data in this study is by studying literature and tracking various references related to the study’s focus. Data analysis techniques are carried out by the method of content analysis. Data validity using a triangulation model, by comparing data and relevant theory. The result of this study is that there are five phases of periodization of the philosophy of Islamic rationalism in the perspective of Zaki Naquib Mahmud, namely simple thinking [misykat] represented by Ali ibn Abi Talib; the lamp of reason [misbah] is characterized by the occurrence of philosophical debates about leadership and the great sin; the lamp glass [Zujajah al Misbah] is marked by the appearance of Bayt al-Ḥikmah in Baghdad; the luminous star [kaukab durriy] represented by the emergence of the Brotherhood of ash Shafa; and the endowed tree [syajarah mubarakah]. In this last phase, Zaki Naquib Mahmud positioned Ibn Rushd’s rationalism as an appropriate representation so as not to regress, even allowing for the realization of the renaissance in the Islamic world. This reflection of thought is expected to be able to inspire the millennial generation of Muslims about the importance of the philosophy of rationalism in the Islamic traditionContribution: This article contributed to the goal of HTS Theological Studies to promote transdisciplinary aspects of religious studies in the international theological arena on philosophy in literary texts.
Evaluation of Deep Learning CNN Model for Recognition of Devanagari Digit
Authors: Bhosle Kavita , Musande Vijaya 
Published: February 2023

Devanagari character and digit recognition are a difficult undertaking because writing style depends on a person’s traits and differs from person to person. We get more precise results in digit recognition, thanks to deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which function similarly to the human brain. In this study, the CNN method was put into practice and contrasted with the feed-forward neural network and random forest approaches. In comparison to previous methods, CNN has reportedly provided an accuracy rating of up to 99.2%. CNN is effective with both organized and unstructured data, including pictures, video, and audio.

Received: 30 September 2022 | Revised: 21 February 2023 | Accepted: 22 February 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
Indications of an Achaea sp. caterpillar outbreak disrupting fruiting of an ectomycorrhizal tropical tree in Central African rainforest
Authors: Norghauer Julian M. , Newbery David M. , Neba Godlove A. 
Published: February 2023

Background and aims – Where one or several tree species come to dominate patches of tropical forest, as many masting ectomycorrhizal legumes do in Central Africa, ecological theory predicts they may be prone to herbivory, which might alter their reproductive output. This was indirectly investigated in lowland rainforest in Cameroon for Tetraberlinia korupensis, whose crowns were attacked in 2008 by an outbreaking black caterpillar—identified as an Achaea sp., probably A. catocaloides—in Korup National Park.
Material and methods – Field-collected data on tree-level seed and fruit (pod) production of T. korupensis in its 2008 masting event were compared with that of its two co-dominant neighbours (T. bifoliolata, Microberlinia bisulcata), whose populations masted in 2007 (and 2010). To do this, bivariate regression models (linear, polynomial, ZiG [zero-inflated gamma model]), contingency table analysis, and non-parametric measures of dispersion were used.
Key results – Assuming T. korupensis is prone to Achaea caterpillar attacks, empirical data support the hypothesized lower proportion of adults participating in its masting (54% in 2008) than for either masting population of M. bisulcata (98% in 2007, 89% in 2010) or T. bifoliolata (96% in 2007, 78% in 2010). These fruiting T. korupensis trees were about one-third larger in stem diameter than conspecific non-fruiters and produced as many pods and seeds per capita as T. bifoliolata. However, regressions only modestly support the hypothesis that the positive tree size–fecundity relationship for T. korupensis was weaker (i.e. lower adj. R2) than for M. bisulcata (whose leaves are morphologically similar) or T. bifoliolata, with mostly similar dispersion about the median among these species.
Conclusion – Altogether, the findings suggest a role for tolerance in nutrient-poor forests. It is postulated that instead of conferring resistance to herbivores, the ectomycorrhizas associated with these trees may enable them to more quickly recover from potential yet unpredictable insect outbreaks.
DEVULCANIZATION PARAMETERS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EPDM/GROUND TIRE RUBBER COMPOUNDS
Authors: Rigotti Daniele , Dorigato Andrea , Valentini Francesco , Pegoretti Alessandro 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Ground tire rubber (GTR) from end-of-life tires was mechanically devulcanized in a lab-made two-roll machine. Parameters such as rolling speed and number of rolling cycles were systematically changed, and their effects on the degree of devulcanization and on the chemical structure of the resulting materials were investigated. Milder devulcanization conditions promoted a selective scission of S–S bonds inside the macromolecular structure of GTR, whereas harsher processing parameters led to a more pronounced and undesired C–C and C–S scission in the rubber main chains. Next, two different amounts of GTR and devulcanized GTR (dGTR) were added through melt compounding to an EPDM. The effect of the devulcanization parameters and of the GTR/dGTR loading on the microstructural and thermomechanical properties of the resulting compounds was systematically investigated. A better interface was found for dGTR than GTR, due to revulcanization in which the restored cross-link sites could form chemical bonds with the EPDM matrix; thus, energy absorption and strain at break increased. The possibility to produce novel environmentally friendly EPDM compounds with tailorable properties with respect to the neat matrix and with a lower cost and raw material amount has thus been demonstrated.
Penyuluhan Tentang Manajemen Keuangan Keluarga Di RW 06 Kelurahan Cipayung Jakarta Timur
Authors: Badrunsyah Badrunsyah , Cahyono Sigit 
Published: February 2023

Hasil survey awal terhadap beberapa orang warga dan aparat rukun warga 06 Cipayung yang berkeiginan mengetahui lebih lanjut berbagai informasi tentang manfaat dan tata cara manajemen keuangan keluarga. Meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentangcara meningkatkan penghasilan dan menurunkan pengeluaran dengan menyiapkan rencana keuangan keluarga. Manfaatnya adalah menambah pengetahuan ibu-ibu tentang tip-tip mengatur keuangan keluarga, memberikan pengetahuan tentang hal-hal yang harus dilakukan di awal tahun dalam mengatur keuangan keluarga, memberikan pengetahuan tentang membagi tujuan keuangan ke dalam tujuan keuangan saat ini, tujuan keuangan jangka pendek, tujuan keuangan jangka menengah dan tujuan keuangan jangka panjang, terealisasikannya program Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi sehingga terjalin komunikasi ilmiah antara Universitas Respati Indonesia dan masyarakat khususnya masyarakat kelurahan Susukan Jakarta Timur.Kata Kunci: Manajemen Keuangan, Keluarga
Determinan Kemiskinan Ditinjau dari Pengaruh Sektor Pertanian Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018
Authors: Aulia Alba Refo , Kurnia Sari Liza 
Published: February 2023

Kemiskinan merupakan inti dari masalah pembangunan di Indonesia, dimana target penurunan persentase kemiskinan nasional pada tahun 2018 belum mencapai target sesuai RPJMN tahun 2015-2019 sebesar 8-9 persen. Angka kemiskinan pada tahun 2018 masih berada pada angka 9,66 persen. Kemampuan penurunan kemiskinan pun semakin menurun dilihat dari lambatnya laju penurunan persentase kemiskinan. Penurunan kemiskinan yang semakin lambat dapat mengakibatkan pembangunan ekonomi suatu negara menjadi terhambat.Menariknya, jumlah penduduk miskin yang bekerja pada lapangan usaha utama sektor pertanian pada tahun 2018 cukup banyak yaitu sebesar 55,07 persen, angka ini tergolong besar karena lebih dari separuh penduduk miskin bekerja pada sektor pertanian. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin meneliti bagaimana pengaruh sektor pertanian dilihat dari produktivitas tenaga kerja pertanian, pertumbuhan ekonomi sektor pertanian, dan realisasi anggaran pembangunan infrastruktur pertanian daerah terhadap kemiskinan menggunakan metode analisis regresi unbalanced data panel dengan REM. Didapat hasil bahwa dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar lima persen, secara parsial variabel produktivitas tenaga kerja pertanian berpengaruh positif sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi sektor pertanian signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap kemiskinan. Belanja modal jalan, irigasi dan jaringan sektor pertanian berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap kemiskinan Indonesia tahun 2014 hingga 2018.
Classification of Low Back Pain according to Treatment Based Classification Algorithm: A Cross Sectional Study at Tertiary Center of Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Mukesh , S Acharya Ranjeeta 
Published: February 2023

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the commonest musculoskeletal disorder in Nepal. Treatment Based Classification (TBC) categorizes individual with LBP in four different categories. They are manipulation, stabilization, specific and traction subgroup and are evident to have better outcome. LBP patients represent a heterogeneous group consisting of several subgroups. Categorization of TBC subgroups over different countries showed varied range and its use in Nepalese population has not been reported yet.
Objective: The aim of our study is to classify LBP patient according to TBC and evaluate whether LBP patient fall in one particular subgroup or a combination of subgroup.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dhulikhel hospital, Physiotherapy department using convenience sampling. The study was conducted in 65 (Female/35) patients with acute and sub-acute LBP. Patient information on LBP duration, pain diagram, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, and Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire were obtained. After standardized assessment, patients were categorized according to TBC.
Results: Approximately half of LBP patients fell into one subgroup i.e., 47.7%, 27.7% into combination of two or three subgroups and 20% did not meet any criteria for TBC. Similarly, patients falling in specific, stabilization, manipulation and traction sub-groups were 44.61%, 43.07%, 16.92% and 12.30% respectively. Our study concluded that almost half of the patients categorized into one subgroup. Categorization according to TBC is feasible and can be performed to provide an optimal treatment for patients visiting Dhulikhel Hospital
THE ENDEMIC MARINE FISH FAUNA FROM THE EASTERN PARATETHYS RECONSTRUCTED FROM OTOLITHS FROM THE MIOCENE (MIDDLE SARMATIAN S.L.; BESSARABIAN) OF JURKINE (KERCH PENINSULA, CRIMEA)
Authors: BRATISHKO ANDRIY , SCHWARZHANS WERNER , VERNYHOROVA YULIIA 
Published: February 2023

Reconstructing fossil bony fish faunas using otoliths is a well-established method that allows a diverse and dense record in time and space to be assembled. Here we report about a rich otolith-based fish fauna from the middle Sarmatian s.l. (middle Bessarabian) from Jurkine, Kerch Peninsula, Crimea. The study is based on more than 5,000 specimens constituting 36 different species, 24 of which are new and 2 remain in open nomenclature. This assemblage represents the first major otolith association described from the Bessarabian. It also represents a fish fauna from the last continuous restricted marine environment that evolved in the Eastern Paratethys, was recruited from the Badenian/Tarkhanian fauna, and was not affected by the subsequent Khersonian crisis. The association of otoliths is characterized by a high content of endemic fishes that derived from the relatively well-known early Sarmatian s.l. (Volhynian) fish fauna, and it contains certain faunal elements that were trapped in the then-secluded Eastern Paratethys and did not range into younger strata. This forced endemic evolution explains the unusually high percentage of new taxa.
The fish fauna is dominated by stenohaline marine shelf fishes apparently recruited from the Konkian and earlier Sarmatian s.l. (Volhynian) fauna after the Karaganian crisis. The families Gobiidae and Gadidae benefited most in this restricted marine environment, while deep-water fishes disappeared with the Karaganian crisis. In this study, we discuss the further evolution of Eastern Paratethyan fishes as far as can be reconstructed from the relatively limited data from post-Bessarabian strata, and we also outline targets for future research in the field.
The stratigraphic sequence of the Jurkine section is being revised based on a detailed suite of benthic foraminifera. Implications for the stratigraphy of the middle and upper Sarmatian s.l., their boundary, and the paleoenvironments of this part of the Kerch Peninsula are discussed.
Dampak Media Sosial Terhadap Perilaku Seks Bebas Remaja
Authors: Pugesehan Donny Japly , Siahaya Alisye , Goha Maria Magdalena 
Published: February 2023

Lahirnya media sosial merupakan salah satu dari kemajuan teknologi internet yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap masyarakat. Salah satu dampak negative yang ditimbukan dari penggunnaan media sosial adalah seks bebas. Salah satu kalangan yang sangat terpengaruh dengan media sosial yaitu remaja Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk memberikan edukasi kepada Remaja tentang dampak media sosial terhadap perilaku seks bebas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ceramah dengan memberikan edukasi lewat power point dan tanya jawab antara pemateri dan peserta yaitu Remaja. Hasilnya 95% remaja mempunyai respon yang baik dan aktif dalam menyimak materi dan proses tanya jawab. Maka dengan adanya pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan di Jemaat GPM Getsemani khususnya kepada remaja, remaja dapat memahami dan mengautualisasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga remaja masa kini dapat berhati-hati dalam segala hal, baik dalam pergaulan maupun penerapan kehidupan kedepannya.
PROMOTING SOCIAL EQUITY AND PREVENTING TEACHERS' MALADAPTIVE SCHEMES
Authors: Enahe Rodica , Milea Georgiana 
Published: February 2023

Through this article we aim to highlight the importance of social and educational policies for promoting equity in the Romanian educational system. The paper also contains an investigative study aimed at evaluating the personality traits of teachers and their level of anxiety and the role that certain maladaptive cognitive mechanisms have in the manifestation of counterproductive professional behaviors. The data of the study were collected based on online questionnaires from 31 teachers from the "Kemal Ataturk" National College in Medgidia, Constanta County, Romania.
PKM MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN UMKM BAGI PELAKU BISNIS USIA LANJUT MELALUI INOVASI ECOMMERCE DISAAT PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Mardiani Eri , Rahmansyah Nur , Ningsih Sari , Handayani Endah Tri Esthi , Hidayatullah Deny 
Published: February 2023

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) through the application of Web-based E-Commerce and mentoring their use using information technology for business people can increase economic independence in order to increase the use of information technology and the internet in conducting marketing activities globally. This community service provides motivation for business people aged those who remain enthusiastic about running their business in order to strengthen the purchasing power of Small and Medium Enterprises products. The problem raised is the improvement of sales, marketing, and product ordering services from consumers. The purpose of this community service activity is so that elderly business actors can still participate in implementing Web-based E-Commerce activities properly through the guidance of facilitators. The recommendation in this activity is the need for synergies with related agencies/agencies so that elderly business people have the same opportunity to gain access to online-based businesses for their daily economic improvement.Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) melalui penerapan E-Commerce berbasis Web dan pendampingan penggunaannya menggunakan teknologi informasi bagi pelaku bisnis dapat meningkatkan kemandirian ekonomi guna meningkatkan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan internet dalam melakukan kegiatan marketing secara global.Pengabdian masyarakat ini memberikan motivasi bagi Pelaku bisnis dengan usia lanjut yang tetap semangat melakukan usaha bisnisnya tetap berjalan agar dapat melakukan penguatan daya beli produk Usaha Kecil Menengah. Permasalahan yang diangkat adalah peningkatan pelayanan penjualan, pemasaran, pemesanan produk dari konsumen.Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini agar Pelaku Bisnis usia lanjut tetap dapat mengikuti kegiatan penerapan E-Commerce berbasis Web dengan baik melalui bimbingan fasilitator. Rekomendasi dalam kegiatan ini adalah perlunya sinergisitas dengan dinas/instansi terkait agar pelaku bisnis usia lanjut mempunyai kesempatan yang sama dalam mendapatkan akses usaha berbasis online demi peningkatan ekonomi mereka sehari-hari
El incipiente cuidado a largo plazo en la naciente república de Chile durante el siglo XIX
Authors: Juanillo-Maluenda Hugo 
Published: February 2023

El cuidado a largo plazo corresponde a brindar asistencia a quienes tienen comprometida su capacidad funcional, física o cognitiva; lo que determina su dependencia para recibir ayuda en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria. Si bien esta definición es actual y responde mayoritariamente a las necesidades de cuidado de las personas mayores (PM), durante la historia de Chile existe evidencia que se brindó este tipo de cuidados de manera formal en instituciones dependientes de la Corona Española, en una primera instancia, y posteriormente a cargo de instituciones dependientes de la naciente República de Chile y de la influyente Iglesia Católica [Fragmento de texto].