bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations among multidomain lifestyles, chronic diseases, and dementia in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study
Authors: Zhang Jing-jing , Wu Zhao-xia , Tan Wei , Liu Dan , Cheng Gui-rong , Xu Lang , Hu Fei-fei , Zeng Yan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundUnhealthy lifestyles and chronic diseases are commonly seen and treatable factors in older adults and are both associated with dementia. However, the synergistic effect of the interaction of lifestyles and chronic diseases on dementia is unknown.MethodsWe determined independent associations of multidomain lifestyles and chronic diseases (cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension) with dementia and examined their synergistic impact on dementia among older adults. The data were drawn from the Hubei Memory and Aging Cohort Study. We created a summary score of six factors for multidomain lifestyles. Dementia was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV. Logistic regression and multiple correspondence analyses were used to explore the relationships among multidomain lifestyles, chronic diseases, and dementia. A sensitivity analysis was performed to minimize the interference of reverse causality and potential confounders.ResultsIndependent associations with dementia were found in unhealthy (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.38–2.61) and intermediate healthy lifestyles (OR, 3.29, 2.32–4.68), hypertension (OR, 1.21, 1.01–1.46), diabetes (OR, 1.30, 1.04–1.63), and cerebrovascular disease (OR, 1.39, 1.12–1.72). Interactions of diabetes (p = 0.004), hypertension (p = 0.004), and lifestyles were significant, suggesting a combined impact on dementia. Sensitivity analysis supported the strong association among multidomain lifestyles, chronic diseases, and dementia prevalence.ConclusionAn unhealthy lifestyle was associated with a higher prevalence of dementia, regardless of whether the participants had chronic diseases; however, this association was stronger in individuals with chronic diseases. Multidomain lifestyles and chronic diseases may have an enhanced impact on dementia.
Cognitive function and cardiovascular health in the elderly: network analysis based on hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and coronary heart disease
Authors: Wang Yucheng , Zhang Huanrui , Liu Linzi , Li Zijia , Zhou Yang , Wei Jiayan , Xu Yixiao , Zhou Yifang , Tang Yanqing 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCognitive decline in the elderly population is a growing concern, and vascular factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and coronary heart disease, have been associated with cognitive impairments. This study aims to provide deeper insights into the structure of cognitive function networks under these different vascular factors and explore their potential associations with specific cognitive domains.MethodsCognitive function was assessed using a modified Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale, and intensity centrality and side weights were estimated by network modeling. The network structure of cognitive function was compared across subgroups by including vascular factors as subgroup variables while controlling for comorbidities and confounders.ResultsThe results revealed that cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease had a more significant impact on cognitive function. Cerebrovascular disease was associated with weaker centrality in memory and spatial orientation, and a sparser cognitive network structure. Coronary heart disease was associated with weaker centrality in memory, repetition, executive function, recall, attention, and calculation, as well as a sparser cognitive network structure. The NCT analyses further highlighted significant differences between the cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease groups compared to controls in terms of overall network structure and connection strength.ConclusionOur findings suggest that specific cognitive domains may be more vulnerable to impairments in patients with cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease. These insights could be used to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of cognitive screening in these patient populations, inform personalized cognitive intervention strategies, and provide a better understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying cognitive decline in patients with vascular diseases.
Validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire assessing food group intake in the PERSIAN Cohort Study
Authors: Eghtesad Sareh , Hekmatdoost Azita , Faramarzi Elnaz , Homayounfar Reza , Sharafkhah Maryam , Hakimi Hamid , Dehghani Ali , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Mortazavi Zinat , Pasdar Yahya , Poustchi Hossein , Willett Walter C. , Malekzadeh Reza 
Published: August 2023

PurposeA semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed for use in the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN Cohort), investigating non-communicable disease risk factors. This study aimed to assess the validity and reproducibility of this FFQ, through food group intake.MethodsParticipants, recruited from seven PERSIAN cohort centers, completed the FFQ at the beginning of the study (FFQ1) and at the end (FFQ2), with a 12-month interval in between, during which two 24-h dietary recalls (24 h) were completed each month. Correlation coefficients of the median intake of food groups recorded by the FFQs were compared to those of the 24 h to assess validity, and the two FFQs were compared to assess reproducibility of findings.ResultsOverall, data from 978 participants were included in this validation analysis. Of the 26 food groups assessed, Tea, Sugars, Whole/Refined Grains, and Solid Fats/Oils, had the strongest correlations (0.6–0.79), while Red Meat, Chicken and Eggs showed moderate correlations (0.42–0.59). The weakest correlations observed belonged to Fresh fruit Juice and Other Meats (0.23–0.32). Reproducibility was assessed among those who completed both FFQ1 and FFQ2 (n = 848), revealing moderate to strong correlations in all food groups, ranging from 0.42 in Legumes to 0.72 in both Sugar and Sweetened Drinks.ConclusionThe PERSIAN Cohort FFQ is appropriate to rank individuals based on food group intake.
Comparative effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine belly button application for childhood diarrhea: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Bu Zhi-jun , Liu Yan-ni , Shahjalal Md. , Zheng You-you , Liu Cheng-jiang , Ye Meng-meng , Xu Jin-yang , Peng Xin-yao , Wang Xue-hui , Chen Xu , Liu Jian-ping , Liu Hui-lan , Liu Zhao-lan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundChinese medicine belly button application (CMBBA) has been used to treat childhood diarrhea (CD) in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but its effectiveness and combination strategy still need to be clarified. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and the optimal combination strategy of CMBBA in treating CD.MethodsUp until January 2023, we searched for studies that met our inclusion criteria in six databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Chinese SinoMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang. Heterogeneity was quantified using I2 statistics. A methodological evaluation was performed using the Cochrane Risk Bias Tool 2.0. The Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis online software was employed to evaluate evidence grading. A minimally contextualized framework was used to provide a comprehensive conclusion for the network meta-analysis. This study protocol was registered with PROSPERO.ResultsWe analyzed data from 33 RCTs that included 4,490 children with diarrhea. In terms of clinical effectiveness, CMBBA plus montmorillonite powder plus anti-infectives may be the most effective treatment option for children with diarrhea and concurrent infection according to a minimally contextualized framework. Either exclusive use of CMBBA or CMBBA in combination with modern medicine was beneficial in reducing the time to diarrhea disappearance (MD = −1.33 days, 95% CI: −1.59 to −1.08, Z = −10.103, p &lt; 0.001) compared to modern medicine exclusively, and the difference was statistically significant. The combined usage of CMBBA could shorten the recovery time of dehydration by an average of 0.74 days (MD = −0.74 days, 95% CI: −1.10 to −0.37, Z = −3.931.103, p &lt; 0.001). While some studies have reported mild allergic reactions and mild abdominal pain after CMBBA use, these symptoms can be cured in a relatively short period of time.ConclusionsThe combination of CMBBA, montmorillonite powder, and anti-infectives may provide superior clinical effectiveness for children with diarrhea and concurrent infection. To treat CD, CMBBA can be used effectively and safely. However, the findings must be interpreted with cautiously due to the limited number of clinical trials and the low quality of the studies. In addition, the choice of treatment plan should also be based on the specific conditions of each patient.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022380694
Short-course blinatumomab for refractory/relapse precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: Xie Jiao , Liu Suxiang , Zhou Ming , Wang Yi , He Hailong , Xiao Peifang , Hu Shaoyan , Lu Jun 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a short course of blinatumomab in children with refractory or relapsed precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R-BCP-ALL).MethodsThe clinical data of 33 R/R BCP-ALL children aged 0–18 years who underwent a short course of blinatumomab (14 days) between August 2021 and November 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.ResultsAmong 33 patients with BCP-ALL, 26 achieved complete remission (CR), with a total remission rate of 78.8% (26/33). The duration of remission was approximately 14 days. Of the 7 children without CR, 5 were still in remission at 28 days. In 11 patients with refractory disease and 22 with recurrence, the remission rates were 90.9% (10/11) and 72.7% (16/22), respectively. The overall survival (OS) rates of the 26 patients with CR and seven patients without CR were 96.1% and 57.1% (p = 0.002), respectively, and the disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 96.1% and 42.9% (p &lt; 0.001), respectively. Among the 26 patients with CR, 15 underwent bridging hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and 11 did not receive HSCT; with OS rates of 93.3% and 100% (p = 0.40) and DFS rates of 93.3% and 100% (p = 0.400), respectively. The OS for all patients was 87.9% (29/33) and the DFS was 84.8% (28/33). There were 18 cases (54.5%) of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), 2 cases (6.1%) of severe CRS (all grade 3), 1 case (3.0%) of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), 0 cases (0%) of ICANS ≥ grade 3, and no deaths caused by treatment.ConclusionsShort-term follow-up revealed a high R/R BCP-ALL remission rate in children treated with a short course of blinatumomab. The toxicity was low and controllable. No significant short-term survival benefits were observed after bridging HSCT with blinatumomab. In developing countries, a short course of blinatumomab can achieve satisfactory outcomes, while reducing household costs and saving medical resources.
Ranibizumab for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alva Niza , Martínez Alex R. , Ortiz-Saavedra Brando , Montes-Madariaga Elizbet S. , Cotrina Alonso , Caballero-Alvarado José A. , Sah Ranjit , Barboza Joshuan J. 
Published: August 2023

Anti-VEGF drugs like ranibizumab can be used to treat retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) by halting the formation of abnormal blood vessels, or lasers can be used to burn the edges of the retina where these vessels are present. The objective is to compare the efficacy for ROP between ranibizumab and laser therapy.Material and methodsElectronic searches will be carried out in medical databases with key words and controlled vocabulary terms. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) will be assessed. The primary outcome will be the full ROP regression. Two reviewers will extract the data using predefined forms and, to assess the quality of the study, we will use RoB 2.0, the tool for randomized controlled trials developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. We used a combination of the inverse-variance approach and random-effects models for the meta-analysis.ResultsThe eyes of 182 preterm infants who had ranibizumab treatment were assessed in a total of 364 eyes, and 135 infants received laser therapy. The follow-up period was between 6 and 24 months. Ranibizumab was not associated with greater regression of ROP compared to laser therapy in preterm infants (RR: 1.09, CI 95%: 0.95–1.24; p: 0.22). Also, ranibizumab was not associated with recurrence of ROP compared to laser therapy in preterm infants (RR: 3.77, CI 95%: 0.55–25.81; p: 0.22).ConclusionsThe efficacy of ranibizumab compared to laser is very uncertain in terms of ROP regression and decreased ROP recurrence in preterm infants.Systematic Review Registrationidentifier PROSPERO (CRD42022324150).
Dapagliflozin versus empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Alnsasra Hilmi , Tsaban Gal , Solomon Adam , Khalil Fouad , Aboalhasan Enis , Azab Abed N. , Azuri Joseph , Hammerman Ariel , Arbel Ronen 
Published: August 2023

Background and Aim: Dapagliflozin and empagliflozin have demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, their comparative monetary value for improving outcomes in CKD patients is unestablished. We examined the cost-per-outcome implications of utilizing dapagliflozin as compared to empagliflozin for prevention of renal and cardiovascular events in CKD patients.Methods: For calculation of preventable events we divided the allocated budget by the cost needed to treat (CNT) for preventing a single renal or cardiovascular event. CNT was derived by multiplying the annualized number needed to treat (aNNT) by the annual therapy cost. The aNNTs were determined based on data from the DAPA-CKD and EMPEROR-KIDNEY trials. The budget limit was defined based on the threshold recommended by the United States’ Institute for Clinical and Economic Review.Results: The aNNT was 42 both dapagliflozin (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34-59) and empagliflozin (CI: 33-66). The CNT estimates for the prevention of one primary event for dapagliflozin and empagliflozin were comparable at $201,911 (CI: $163,452-$283,636) and $209,664 (CI: $164,736-$329,472), respectively. However, diabetic patients had a higher CNT with dapagliflozin ($201,911 [CI: $153,837-$346,133]) than empagliflozin ($134,784 [CI: $109,824-$214,656]), whereas non-diabetic patients had lower CNT for dapagliflozin ($197,103 [CI: $149,029-$346,133]) than empagliflozin ($394,368 [CI: $219,648-$7,093,632]). The CNT for preventing CKD progression was higher for dapagliflozin ($427,858 [CI: $307,673-$855,717]) than empagliflozin ($224,640 [CI: $169,728-$344,448]). For preventing cardiovascular death (CVD), the CNT was lower for dapagliflozin ($1,634,515 [CI: $740,339-∞]) than empagliflozin ($2,990,208 [CI: $1,193,088-∞]).Conclusion: Among patients with CKD, empagliflozin provides a better monetary value for preventing the composite renal and cardiovascular events in diabetic patients while dapagliflozin has a better value for non-diabetic patients. Dapagliflozin provides a better monetary value for the prevention of CVD, whereas empagliflozin has a better value for the prevention of CKD progression.
Aortic hemodynamic and morphological analysis before and after repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm using a G-Branch endograft
Authors: Wang Jiabin , Fan Tingting , Zhang Hongpeng , Ge Yangyang , Lu Weihang , Liu Feng , Rong Dan , Guo Wei 
Published: August 2023

Background and objective: The G-Branch endograft is a novel multibranched “off-the-shelf” device used to repair thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). This report describes the hemodynamic and morphological performance of the G-Branch endograft in a human patient with TAAA.Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the computed tomography angiography scans and clinical data of a woman in whom TAAA was treated using a G-Branch endograft. Patient-specific three-dimensional models were reconstructed, and computational fluid dynamics and morphological and hemodynamic indicators were analyzed before and after implantation of the device.Results: From a morphological perspective, there was an increase in cross-sectional area in the G-Branch endograft and all bridging stent grafts over time. Blood flow was redistributed among the renovisceral arteries, with a decrease in flow rate in the celiac artery and an increase in the left renal artery. Laminar blood flow was smoother and more rapid after implantation of the G-Branch device and remained stable during follow-up. In the bridging stent grafts, flow recirculation zones were found in the bridging zones of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery as well as the distal sealing zones of both renal arteries. Furthermore, higher time-averaged wall shear stress and a lower oscillatory index and relative resident time were found in the G-Branch endograft and bridging stent grafts. Quantitative analysis showed obvious reduction in the surface area ratio of the elevated time-averaged wall shear stress area and surface area ratio of the relative resident time after G-branch implantation.Conclusion: The revascularization of branch vessels occurred following G-branch implantation, with improvements arising not only from morphological changes but also from hemodynamic alterations. The long-term performance of the G-Branch endograft needs further investigation and clinical validation.
A study on the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the parenting outcome expectancy scale for parents of elementary school students
Authors: Kim Yoonjung , Lee Jungmin , Ross Ratchneewan 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMany parents do not engage in active discussions with their children about sexuality. This can contribute to negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes among youth. To foster a healthy environment for sexual activity, it is crucial for parents to provide comprehensive sex education to their children at home. This study aims to cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Korean version of the Parenting Outcome Expectancy Scale to measure the sexual communication abilities of parents of elementary school students in South Korea.MethodThe study participants were parents of elementary school students between 6 to 13 years old. We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to examine the reliability and validity of the 23-item Korean version of the Parenting Outcome Expectancy Scale.ResultsThe study confirms the reliability and validity of the scale, comprising five factors and 22 items, for the evaluation of the outcome expectancy of communication about sex between parents and their children. Results also demonstrate that talking about sex is still a challenge for many parents.DiscussionThis instrument can help parents prepare for sex communication with their children and for sexual education, potentially yielding a positive effect on children’s sexual health and parental satisfaction.
Effects of the Jigsaw method on student educational outcomes: systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Cochon Drouet Océane , Lentillon-Kaestner Vanessa , Margas Nicolas 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCooperative learning methods are particularly interesting for building more inclusive schools; however, they have not been widely implemented. Among cooperative learning methods, the Jigsaw strategy is attractive for teachers, as it seems to be easy to implement and follow its four-step teaching structure; in addition, this method is believed to improve students' socialization and learning. To identify the effects of the Jigsaw method accurately, a systematic review of studies that have tested the effects of this method on important student educational outcomes was proposed and completed using a meta-analytical approach.MethodsA total of 69 Jigsaw studies were analyzed, and three major outcomes were retained following inductive and deductive thematic analyses: learning (including achievement and motivation), social relations, and self- esteem (including academic self-esteem and social self-esteem). When possible, complementary meta-analyses were conducted to quantify the Jigsaw effects on achievement (n = 43), motivation (n = 5), social relations (n = 4), and academic self-esteem (n = 4).ResultsThe primary results of our review focused on the inconsistency of Jigsaw effects and the high degree of variability among studies with regard to all retained student educational outcomes (i.e., achievement, motivation, social relations, and academic self-esteem) with the exception of social self-esteem, for which only three studies concluded that the Jigsaw method had positive effects. Moreover, homogeneous results were observed within studies. Our review highlights several factors that may explain this variability among studies: the sample size, the diversity of students in the classroom, and the type of content taught.DiscussionThe moderating roles of these factors must be tested empirically, as they suggest ways of implementing the Jigsaw method more efficiently.
A daily diary investigation of cannabis use and its diet and exercise correlates
Authors: Gibson Laurel P. , Skrzynski Carillon J. , Giordano Gregory R. , Bryan Angela D. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe increasing availability of legal-market cannabis products has raised many questions about potential harms and benefits of increased use. In particular, concerns have been raised about the possible negative impact of cannabis use on behavioral determinants of obesity and chronic disease, including diet and exercise. However, previous research is mixed and has largely relied on cross-sectional survey data and coarse measurements of cannabis use, underscoring the need for more rigorous research designs.PurposeThe present study utilized longitudinal daily diary data to assess whether exercise and diet patterns differed between cannabis users and non-users and, within cannabis users, whether legal-market cannabis use, diet, and exercise covaried within individuals across time and based on cannabinoid content.MethodsA sample of 98 participants (77 cannabis users, 21 non-users) completed a baseline appointment and a 30-day daily diary study assessing their daily cannabis use, diet, and exercise. Cannabis users were quasi-randomly assigned to use either a THC-dominant flower product (n = 36) or a CBD-containing flower product (n = 41) ad libitum over the course of the daily diary study. Participants were between the ages of 21 and 41 (M = 29.28) and were majority male (61.2%).ResultsAt baseline, there were no differences in BMI or exercise behavior between users and non-users. Likelihood of exercising and exercise minutes per day over the 30-day period also did not differ between users and non-users, nor did these outcomes differ on cannabis use vs. non-use days among cannabis using participants. In contrast, there was some evidence for a relationship between cannabis use and dietary measures. At baseline, non-users scored higher on the Healthy Eating Index than users. Daily data also indicated that users consumed marginally more salty snacks and fast food per day relative to non-users, and users consumed more fruits/vegetables and marginally more salty snacks on cannabis use days vs. non-use days. Interestingly, among users, no associations were dependent on the cannabinoid content of their assigned product.ConclusionFindings suggest little association between cannabis use and exercise but underscore the need for further research on how cannabis use may impact dietary patterns. Future research should examine the impact of cannabis on non-behavioral pathways to obesity and chronic disease (e.g., metabolism).