bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate prediction of oxygen vacancy concentration with disordered A-site cations in high-entropy perovskite oxides
Authors: Park Jiyun , Xu Boyuan , Pan Jie , Zhang Dawei , Lany Stephan , Liu Xingbo , Luo Jian , Qi Yue 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEntropic stabilized ABO3 perovskite oxides promise many applications, including the two-step solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) production. Using binary and quaternary A-site mixed {A}FeO3 as a model system, we reveal that as more cation types, especially above four, are mixed on the A-site, the cell lattice becomes more cubic-like but the local Fe–O octahedrons are more distorted. By comparing four different Density Functional Theory-informed statistical models with experiments, we show that the oxygen vacancy formation energies ($${E}_{V}^{f}$$

E

V

f

) distribution and the vacancy interactions must be considered to predict the oxygen non-stoichiometry (δ) accurately. For STCH applications, the $${E}_{V}^{f}$$

E

V

f

distribution, including both the average and the spread, can be optimized jointly to improve Δδ (difference of δ between the two-step conditions) in some hydrogen production levels. This model can be used to predict the range of water splitting that can be thermodynamically improved by mixing cations in {A}FeO3 perovskites.
Silver nanoparticles and platelet-rich fibrin accelerate tendon healing in donkey
Authors: Abdelhakiem Mohammed A. H. , Hussein Ayman , Seleim Samia Moustafa , Abdelbaset Abdelbaset Eweda , Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the healing of the severed superficial digital flexor tendon in donkeys (SDFT). Twenty-seven adult donkeys were used in the study. The animals were divided into three equal groups. The first group (control group) in which the severed SDFT was sutured without the addition of any adjuvant. In the second group, there was a suture of severed SDFT with the addition of 1 ml of 1 mM silver nanoparticles (AgNPs group). The third group was subjected to the cutting of SDFT and then the addition of PRF after its suture. Each group of animals was divided into three equal subgroups that were examined after 1, 2, and 3 months. Each group of animals was clinically evaluated by assessing lameness. Gross and microscopic examinations of the healed tendons were performed after 1, 2, and 3 months of surgery. In comparison to the control group, the lameness degree decreased in the PRF and AgNPs groups, particularly in the third month after surgery. Furthermore, the lameness decreased significantly after the 3rd month relative to the 1st-month lameness in the AgNPs group. Interestingly, it was found that the PRF and AgNPs enhanced cell alignment and collagen deposition at the site of tendon injury, particularly among third-month subgroups. Therefore, it could be concluded that the PRF and AgNPs are effective materials for enhancing SDFT healing in donkeys.
Evaluation of the parameters affecting the loading of anticancer drug Paclitaxel on coated gold nanoparticles for breast cancer treatment
Authors: kharazmi Afrooz , Attaran Neda 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is the design and synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) conjugated with paclitaxel and to investigate the parameters affecting the stability of synthesised nanoparticles with drug delivery capability. Here, synthesised GNPs were coated with polyethylene glycol. Then these particles were conjugated with paclitaxel under different conditions and the physical and structural characteristics, as well as the factors affecting the loading of paclitaxel on nanoparticles, were evaluated by ultraviolet spectrophotometer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential apparatus. It was found that pegylated GNPs have a limited loading capacity at the time of 24 h of incubation and the Paclitaxel loading was observed to be pH dependent. The use of these particles in the treatment of breast cancer (MCF7) was also investigated using the MTT test. It was determined that the survival percentage of MCF7 cells in the presence of paclitaxel‐bound nanoparticles decreases to about 55% at the maximum measured concentration (690 μM).
Spontane intrakranielle Hypotension
Authors: Albes Guido 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie spontane intrakranielle Hypotension ist Folge eines spinalen Liquorverlustes und geht meist mit einem orthostatischen Kopfschmerz einher. Für die Diagnostik gibt es keine einheitlichen Parameter, anhand bildmorphologischer Zeichen kann die SIH in der kranialen MRT vermutet werden und ist dann mittels einer Bildgebung der Wirbelsäule direkt nachzuweisen.
Ja zur Geburtshilfe – aber nicht unter ärztlicher
Leitung: Ein Discrete Choice Experiment zur Analyse der Jobpräferenzen
von Hebammen in Deutschland
Authors: Petry Hannah , Hagist Christian , Rheindorf Jessica 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Der Hebammenmangel in Deutschland führt zu
Engpässen in der geburtshilflichen Versorgung, zumal weniger als die
Hälfte der Hebammen Geburtshilfe anbieten. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die
Ermittlung der Jobpräferenzen von Hebammen, um zielgruppengerechte
Reformvorschläge zu entwickeln.
Methodik Im Rahmen einer Online-Befragung wurde ein Discrete Choice
Experiment mit 415 Hebammen durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Mit einer relativen Gewichtung von über 50% ist
die Geburtshilfe für die Teilnehmerinnen der wichtigste Teilaspekt ihres
Berufs – unabhängig davon, ob sie zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung
selbst in der Geburtshilfe tätig waren. Es gibt eine starke
Präferenz für eine Tätigkeit in der Geburtshilfe und
insbesondere auch im Krankenhausumfeld. Jedoch wird es deutlich abgelehnt, unter
ärztlicher Leitung zu arbeiten.
Schlussfolgerung Der hebammengeführte Kreißsaal ist das
bevorzugte Arbeitsmodell. Sollen bereits ausgebildete Hebammen wieder
für die Geburtshilfe gewonnen werden, erscheinen Selbstverantwortung und
eine bessere Bezahlung als gezielte Hebel hierfür.
Osteoporose Update
Authors: Thomasius Friederike 
Published: February 2023

In den vergangenen zwei Jahren wurden im Osteoporose Update Themen der
Leitlinienaktualisierung vorgestellt, diese waren im Einzelnen:Heft 1 2021 Risikofaktoren Wirbelkörperfrakturen, non vertebrale Frakturen
und imminentes Frakturrisiko
Einführung von CDK4/6-Hemmern und deren Auswirkung auf die Behandlungslandschaft bei Patientinnen mit Brustkrebs im fortgeschrittenen Stadium – Real-World-Daten aus dem PRAEGNANT-Register
Authors: Engler Tobias , Fasching Peter A. , Lüftner Diana , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Müller Volkmar , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Hadji Peyman , Tesch Hans , Häberle Lothar , Ettl Johannes , Wallwiener Markus , Beckmann Matthias W. , Hein Alexander , Belleville Erik , Uhrig Sabrina , Wimberger Pauline , Hielscher Carsten , Kurbacher Christian M. , Wuerstlein Rachel , Untch Michael , Taran Florin-Andrei , Enzinger Hans-Martin , Krabisch Petra , Welslau Manfred , Maasberg Michael , Hempel Dirk , Lux Michael P. , Michel Laura L. , Janni Wolfgang , Wallwiener Diethelm , Brucker Sara Y. , Fehm Tanja N. , Schneeweiss Andreas 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Umfangreiche Daten aus prospektiven klinischen Studien liefern einen hohen Evidenzgrad für den Einsatz von CDK4/6-Hemmern in Kombination mit einer endokrinen Therapie (CDK4/6i + ET) als Standard bei der First-Line-Behandlung von metastatischem HER2-negativen hormonrezeptorpositiven (HER2−/HR+) Brustkrebs. Reale Daten von Patientinnengruppen, die damit in der Praxis behandelt wurden, liefern Erkenntnisse über Veränderungen von Patientenmerkmalen und Prognosen im Laufe der Zeit.
Methoden Die Daten wurden dem prospektiven praxisbezogenen PRAEGNANT-Register (NCT02 338 167) entnommen. Die eingeschlossenen Patientinnen hatten fortgeschrittenen primären und metastasierten HER2−/HR+ Brustkrebs. Die gewählten Therapien, das progressionsfreie Überleben und das Gesamtüberleben der jeweiligen Therapie sowie die Zeitspanne, während der die Behandlung erfolgte, werden dargelegt.
Ergebnisse Nachdem CDK4/6-Hemmer erstmals im November 2016 eingesetzt wurden, stieg die Häufigkeit ihres Einsatzes schnell an. In den letzten Jahren (2018–2022) wurden ca. 70–80 % aller Patientinnengruppen mit CDK4/6-Hemmern behandelt; eine endokrine Monotherapie wurde rund 10 % und eine Chemotherapie ungefähr 15 % aller Patientinnen verabreicht. Die schlechteste Prognose hatten Patientinnen, die eine Chemotherapie erhielten. Seit Kurzem erhalten hauptsächlich Patientinnen mit guter Prognose eine endokrine Monotherapie; Patientinnen, die eine Chemotherapie erhalten, haben eine ungünstigere Prognose. Das progressionsfreie Überleben und das Gesamtüberleben von mit CDK4/6i + ET behandelten Patientinnen blieb über einen längeren Zeitraum ähnlich, obwohl sich die Patientenmerkmale änderten.
Schlussfolgerung Die Behandlung mit CDK4/6i + ET entwickelte sich rasch zum First-Line-Therapiestandard für Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Mammakarzinom. Seit der Einführung von CDK4/6i + ET wird die endokrine Monotherapie nur bei Patientinnen mit einer sehr günstigen Prognose eingesetzt, während Chemotherapie meist nur an Patientinnen verabreicht wird, die eine eher ungünstige Prognose haben. Veränderungen der Patientenmerkmale scheinen die Prognose von mit CDK4/6i + ET behandelten Patientinnen nicht zu beeinflussen.
AGO-Empfehlungen zur operativen Therapie des Mammakarzinoms: Update 2022
Authors: Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Thill Marc , Kühn Thorsten , Ditsch Nina , Heil Jörg , Wöckel Achim , Fallenberg Eva , Friedrich Michael , Kümmel Sherko , Müller Volkmar , Janni Wolfgang , Albert Ute-Susann , Bauerfeind Ingo , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Budach Wilfried , Dall Peter , Fasching Peter , Fehm Tanja , Gluz Oleg , Harbeck Nadia , Huober Jens , Jackisch Christian , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Kreipe Hans H. , Krug David , Loibl Sibylle , Lüftner Diana , Lux Michael Patrick , Maass Nicolai , Mundhenke Christoph , Nitz Ulrike , Park-Simon Tjoung Won , Reimer Toralf , Rhiem Kerstin , Rody Achim , Schmidt Marcus , Schneeweiss Andreas , Schütz Florian , Sinn H. Peter , Solbach Christine , Solomayer Erich-Franz , Stickeler Elmar , Thomssen Christoph , Untch Michael , Witzel Isabell , Gerber Bernd 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Empfehlungen der AGO-Kommission Mamma zur operativen Therapie des Mammakarzinoms wurden zuletzt im März 2022 aktualisiert (www.ago-online.de). Da die operative Therapie einen von mehreren Teilschritten bei der Behandlung des Mammakarzinoms darstellt, sind eine umfangreiche diagnostische und onkologische Expertise eines Brustoperateurs und eine gute interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit mit den diagnostischen Radiologen von großer Bedeutung. Die wichtigsten Änderungen betreffen die Lokalisationstechniken, die Resektionsränder, das axilläre Management im neoadjuvanten Setting und die Bewertung der Netze in der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie. Aufgrund von Metanaanalysen randomisierter Studien wurde der Empfehlungsgrad der intraoperativen Mammasonografie zur Lokalisation nicht palpabler Befunde auf „++“ erhöht. Somit wird die Technik als gleichwertig zur Drahtlokalisation angesehen, vorausgesetzt, es handelt sich um eine sonografisch gut darstellbare Läsion, der Operateur verfügt über umfangreiche Kenntnisse in der Mammasonografie und hat Zugang zu einem geeigneten Ultraschallgerät während der Operation. Beim invasiven Mammakarzinom wird das Erreichen von negativen Resektionsrändern („no tumor on ink“) angestrebt, unabhängig davon, ob eine extensive intraduktale Komponente vorliegt oder nicht. Onkoplastische Operationen können durch die Vielzahl der existierenden Techniken in ausgewählten Fällen auch eine Mastektomie ersetzen und sind im Vergleich zu einer regulären Segmentresektion hinsichtlich der onkologischen Sicherheit bei vergleichbaren Komplikationsraten gleichwertig. Patientinnen mit cN0-Status, die eine neoadjuvante Chemotherapie erhalten, wird eine Sentinel-Node-Exzision nach Abschluss der Chemotherapie empfohlen. Bei initial suspekten Lymphknoten wird die minimalinvasive Sicherung empfohlen. Nach der neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie stehen Patientinnen mit initial 1–3 suspekten Lymphknoten und gutem Ansprechen (ycN0) die „Targeted axillary Dissection“ und die Axilladissektion als gleichwertige Optionen zur Verfügung.
Optimisation of solid-state fermentation process of sunflower meal based on response-surface methodology
Authors: Ao Huiling , Wang Jiahuan , Liu Lihe , Liu Yang , Liao Xigu , Chen Yubo 
Published: February 2023

Context Some studies have investigated the application of sunflower meal (SFM) in feeding livestock and poultry. However, there have been few researches related to fermenting SFM. Aims In this experiment, the neutral detergent fibre degradability and increase rate of crude protein were used as rapid evaluation indicators of solid-state fermentation (SSF), and the response-surface methodology was used to optimise the process conditions for SSF of SFM with the mixed fermentation agent (Bacillus subtilis H-12, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y-5 and Trichoderma longibrachiatum). Methods Box-Behnken design with three factors and three levels was adopted. The process conditions were fermentation temperature (28°C, 32°C, 36°C), duration of time (48 h, 72 h, 96 h), and moisture to substrate ratio (MSR; 50 %, 100%, 150 % (v/m)). The nutritional quality and feeding value of the original SFM and fermented SFM were evaluated under the optimal process conditions according to response-surface methodology. Key results The results showed that the optimal process conditions for SSF of SFM were as follows: fermentation temperature 31.7°C, duration of time 72.2 h, and MSR 106.4%; the contents of crude protein (44.82%), true protein (42.40%) and total amino acid (36.77%) in fermented SFM were significantly increased compared with those of original SFM (P < 0.05); the neutral detergent fibre, crude fibre and chlorogenic acid contents were decreased significantly (P < 0.05); the index values of metal elements, vomitoxin, aflatoxin and coliform were all lower than the national limit standards. Conclusion The nutritional quality and feeding value of SFM were improved by microbial SSF, while the potential risks of harmful toxins and microbial contamination were reduced. Implications The results of this study will contribute to the research on the development of protein-feed raw materials and explore the application of SFM in feed industry.
Cosmic web & caustic skeleton: non-linear constrained realizations — 2D case studies
Authors: Feldbrugge Job , van de Weygaert Rien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe cosmic web consists of a complex configuration of voids, walls, filaments, and clusters, which formed under the gravitational collapse of Gaussian fluctuations. Understanding under what conditions these different structures emerge from simple initial conditions, and how different cosmological models influence their evolution, is central to the study of the large-scale structure. Here, we present a general formalism for setting up initial random density and velocity fields satisfying non-linear constraints for specializedN-body simulations. These allow us to link the non-linear conditions on the eigenvalue and eigenvector fields of the deformation tensor, as specified by caustic skeleton theory, to the current-day cosmic web. By extending constrained Gaussian random field theory, and the corresponding Hoffman-Ribak algorithm, to non-linear constraints, we probe the statistical properties of the progenitors of the walls, filaments, and clusters of the cosmic web. Applied to cosmologicalN-body simulations, the proposed techniques pave the way towards a systematic investigation of the evolution of the progenitors of the present-day walls, filaments, and clusters, and the embedded galaxies, putting flesh on the bones of the caustic skeleton. The developed non-linear constrained random field theory is valid for generic cosmological conditions. For ease of visualization, the case study presented here probes the two-dimensional caustic skeleton.
The light detection system of the ICARUS detector in the Short Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab
Authors: Babicz M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program at Fermilab is an extensive experimental programme aiming at searching for sterile neutrino(s) [1], whose existence is one of the fundamental open questions of neutrino physics. It employs three Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors, called ICARUS, MicroBooNE and SBND, sampling the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at different locations from its target. The SBN detectors, working near the Earth’s surface, are subjected to a substantial cosmic background, which can mimic genuine neutrino interactions. Thus, it is essential to distinguish the signals related to the neutrino beams from those induced by the cosmic rays. The light detection system is a vital part of LArTPCs, but its role is even more critical for surface-operating detectors like ICARUS. The ICARUS light detection system is based on 360 Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). Its main role is to provide an efficient trigger and contribute to the 3D reconstruction of detected events. The light detection system calibration and further trigger system improvements were performed for the final detector configuration during the detector commissioning at Fermilab. The trigger system effectively exploits the information given by the PMTs. To further increase that system’s efficiency in event filtering, an alternative method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been developed. Simulation-based results show that this technique can reduce the cosmic background by up to 76% with a neutrino selection efficiency of 99%. However, to filter the real data cases, which are usually not identical to the simulated ones, this method was improved by applying Domain Adversarial Neural Network (DANN). The results prove that adversarial training through a DANN can alleviate the simulation bias, demonstrating the first successful application of DANN for CNN as an event classifier for a LArTPC.
New insight into gain suppression and single event Burnout effects in LGAD
Authors: Laštovička-Medin G. , Kramberger G. , Rebarz M. , Manojlovic M. , Andreasson J. , Laštovička T. , Kroll J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) will be employed in the CMS MTD and ATLAS HGTD upgrades to mitigate the high levels of pile-up events expected in the High Luminosity phase of the LHC. Over the last several years, much attention has been focused on designing radiation-tolerant gain implants to ensure that these sensors survive the expected fluence (>1015 neq/cm2). This work reports several effects observed during our previous studies on two relevant phenomena Single Event Burnout (SEB) and carrier density-induced Gain Suppression (GS). Influence of irradiation level, pad configuration and gain layer depth on SEB are discussed. In this paper, we also extend GS study with a new insight into the spatio-temporal dynamics of charge transport in LGAD, probed with a focused ion beam.
Novel ion imaging concept based on time-of-flight measurements with low gain avalanche detectors
Authors: Ulrich-Pur F. , Bergauer T. , Hirtl A. , Irmler C. , Kaser S. , Pitters F. , Rit S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Treatment planning in ion beam therapy requires accurate knowledge of the relative stopping power (RSP) distribution within the patient. Currently, RSP maps are obtained via conventional x-ray computed tomography (CT) by converting the measured attenuation coefficients of photons into RSP values for ions. Alternatively, to avoid conversion errors that are inherent to this method, ion computed tomography (iCT) can be used since it allows determining the RSP directly. In typical iCT systems, which usually consist of a tracking system and a separate residual energy detector, the RSP is obtained by measuring the particle trajectory and the corresponding water equivalent path length (WEPL) of single ions travelling through the patient. In this work, we explore a novel iCT approach which does not require a residual energy detector. Instead, the WEPL is estimated indirectly by determining the change in time of flight (TOF) due to the energy loss along the ion’s path. For this purpose, we have created a Geant4 model of a TOF-iCT system based on low gain avalanche detectors (LGADs), which are fast 4D-tracking detectors that can measure the time of arrival and position of individual particles with high spatial and time precision. To assess the performance of this TOF-iCT concept, we determined the RSP resolution and accuracy for different system settings using the Catphan® CTP404 sensitometry phantom. Within the set of investigated system parameters, the lower limit of the RSP accuracy was found at 0.91%, demonstrating the proof-of-principle of this novel TOF-iCT concept. The main advantage of using this approach is that it could potentially facilitate clinical integration due to its compact design, which, however, requires experimental verification and an improvement of the current WEPL calibration procedure.
DTS-100G — a versatile heterogeneous MPSoC board for cryogenic sensor readout
Authors: Muscheid T. , Boebel A. , Karcher N. , Vanat T. , Ardila-Perez L. , Cheviakov I. , Schleicher M. , Zimmer M. , Balzer M. , Sander O. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Heterogeneous devices such as the Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) from Xilinx are extremely valuable in custom instrumentation systems. This contribution presents the joint development of a heterogeneous MPSoC board called DTS-100G by DESY and KIT. The board is built around a Xilinx Zynq Ultrascale+ chip offering all available high-speed transceivers using QSFP28, 28 Gbps FireFly, FMC, and FMC+ interfaces. The board is not designed for a particular application, but can be used as a generic DAQ platform for a variety of physics experiments. The DTS-100G board was successfully developed, built and commissioned. ECHo-100k is the first experiment which will employ the board. This contribution shows the system architecture and explains how the DTS-100G board is a crucial component in the DAQ chain.
Impacts of different levels of urban expansion on habitats at the regional scale and their critical distance thresholds
Authors: Chen Shuaipeng , Liu Wenping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, natural habitats in many parts of the world have been seriously damaged by urban expansion. However, urban expansion is a complex process, and the impacts of different levels of urban expansion on habitats at regional scales and their distance thresholds are still unclear. We conducted a study in Hubei Province, China to evaluate the impacts of the expansion of prefecture-level cities and county towns on the quantity, area, and quality of natural habitats and the critical threshold distances affecting habitats. The results show that, at a regional scale, habitat degradation was driven primarily by the expansion of large numbers of county towns, but the expansion of prefecture-level cities affected habitat degradation over greater distances. Specifically, the impact of county town expansion on habitat first increased and then decreased with greater distance from built-up areas, the threshold distances for habitat quantity and quality being approximately 8 km and 80 km, respectively. The impact of expanding prefecture-level cities on habitat showed a similar nonlinear change with greater distance, but the distance thresholds for habitat quantity and quality rose to approximately 40 km and 130 km, respectively. These findings not only reverse the conventional view that the expansion of large cities dominates habitat degradation, but also draws more attention to the influence of the expansion of numerous small county and towns on habitat, when measured at the regional scale. Understanding the distance threshold of particular spatial impacts can be help to inform spatial decision-making with regards to habitat conservation.