bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online medical education for international medical students of China; a necessity or a convenience?
Authors: Fatima Maurish , Murad Muhammad Wahaj , Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

Madam,
The primary aim of this letter is to start a conversation around online education for international medical students currently enrolled in medical schools in China. Where Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic had significant negative economic impacts, it also led to the emergency imposition of several healthcare policies, including lockdown measures, social distancing and optimum hygienic measures. The closure of medical schools, the suspension of flights, and the disruption in face-to-face learning trajectories have been challenging for international medical students across the globe. This has led to transition from usual face-to-face to current online education system. Several studies have concluded online education to be an effective mode of teaching for undergraduate medical students(1,2). A similar strategy was adopted by several medical universities in China to accommodate the international medical students where, 68,000 international medical students are currently studying in about 100 medical universities (3). Despite, relaxation in COVID-19 restrictions and lifting of the travel ban, online teaching remains to be the primary learning modality for international medical students studying in China. A recently published study by Li et al. surveyed 230 international medical students receiving online education in a Chinese university to assess the online education’s quality and student satisfaction (4). The results showed 63.5% of students expressing dissatisfaction with online learning among whom 72% were from clinical years.
Though E-learning is accepted as a more convenient mode of education, it is limited in promoting practical competence. Clinical exposure and in-person interaction with patients have an integral role in the medical curriculum. It is still argued whether tele-rotations or online modules can substitute for these core competencies (5).
Many countries across the globe have resumed on-campus classes, and even the local students in China are returning to their respective colleges. This evokes further uncertainty among international medical students regarding their career and learning outcomes. Factors such as poor internet connection and pandemic induced financial burdens have been found to have negatively influenced the online-learning experience. (4).
There are also serious concerns regarding the quality of education and the online assessment methods employed by various medical schools in China for international medical graduates. One proposed solution to all this could be that medical schools in China should collaborate with overseas medical schools and hospitals, particularly those located in the international medical students’ countries of origin. This can provide alternative experiences locally for the experimental and clinical practice they are missing.
Research based treatment through neuroleptics (antipsychotics) in Pakistan: can it be trusted?
Authors: Muhammad Salih  
Published: February 2023

Madam, Schizophrenia is a mental illness where patients observe and interpret reality in an alternate fashion or perspective. The word is derived from Greek 'schizo' (splitting) and 'phren' (mind), with the term initially proposed by Eugen Bleuler (1908)1. The debilitating illness usually has symptoms of hallucinations, delusions, and overall distorted versions of reality. Patients may also exhibit social withdrawal, disordered speech, disorderly movement and behavioral change. Schizophrenia affects less than one per cent of the global population, and not all Pakistani clinics are equipped to manage patients mentioned above.
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness commonly treated with antipsychotics to alessen the patients symptoms. More often than not, second generation antipsychotics (clozapine, asenapine, risperidone etc.) are used to provide a better result and adequately decrease the systematic side effects of these neuroleptics. However, what is a moment of caution for clinicians globally as well as in Pakistan, is that these second-generation antipsychotics may be causing problems bigger than just side effects like weight gain, diabetes, or hypertension. Research conducted by Mitchell et al. confirmed the high probability of second-generation antipsychotics causing metabolic syndrome in patients2 by presenting with abnormal findings that put them at cardiovascular risk.
These findings include visceral adiposity, insulin tolerance, elevated triglyceride levels, and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. These drugs are not only affecting first- world countries but are bringing about more significant influence in third- world countries. Pakistan lacks available treatments for schizophrenia, at around 96%, which is comparable to an approximately median of 32.2% globally and 69% in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs)3.
From 2010 to 2015, there was a progressive rise in the use of antipsychotics in Pakistan, most commonly risperidone and olanzapine4. The onus ultimately falls on inadequate evidence and treatment protocol in first and third- world countries. However, a feasible suggestion could be knowing the minimum effective dosage of second-generation antipsychotics. Research conducted by Leucht et al. mentioned the exact dosages, to minimize lethal side effects of these drugs (aripiprazole 10 mg/1.33, clozapine 300 mg/40, risperidone 2 mg/0.27)5. To date, these drugs are still being prescribed in most countries without proper control on dosages. It is imperative for healthcare workers in Pakistan to implement an accurate administration plan for dosages considering the favourable outcomes in patients with schizophrenia.
Avaliação de programas públicos de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação (p&d&i) em pequenos negócios: experiência do Brasil
Authors: Fassarella Bruna , Leal Érika de Andrade Silva , Echeveste Márcia Elisa , Boschetti Júlia Nicchio , Fernandes Júlia 
Published: February 2023

A primeira década dos anos 2000 foi bastante fértil para a institucionalização e regulamentação de marcos para a política de inovação no Brasil. Um dos instrumentos dessa política, a Subvenção Econômica (SE) à inovação, isto é, o financiamento das atividades de inovação nas empresas com recursos não reembolsáveis, foi utilizada pela Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Finep) em parceria com os Governos Estaduais. À medida que os estados ampliavam a execução dos programas de SE, uma demanda latente para as instituições de fomento trata-se da avaliação dos projetos apoiados. Este artigo apresenta um método de avaliação de impactos de programas públicos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação (P&D&I) contemplando três dimensões: i) cultura de inovação e cooperação; ii) econômica; e iii) social. Aplicamos o método para avaliar um programa público de SE à inovação brasileiro, denominado TECNOVA-ES voltado para pequenas empresas e executado no estado do Espírito Santo, no sudeste do Brasil. Os resultados mostraram que mais de 85% dos projetos não teriam sido executados sem o apoio público. O Programa foi muito mais efetivo em termos de adicionalidade que substituição dos investimentos em P&D&I. Estimulou o estabelecimento de parcerias com universidades, clientes e fornecedores, tem sido importante para viabilizar a comercialização de novos produtos, e permitiu a geração de em média 3 novos empregos formais por empresa. Nós mostramos que em todas as dimensões avaliadas os resultados estão em consonância com objetivos do Programa, sendo fundamental para a política de inovação brasileira.
Peran Penting Manajemen Rantai Pasokan Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Produksi pada Pabrik Mie di Palangka Raya
Authors: Tunjang Hansly 
Published: February 2023

Tujuan, - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh praktik-praktik supply chain management terhadap kualitas produksi pada Industri mie di Palangka Raya.
Desain/Methodologi/Pendekatan – Penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi pada pasar kameluh/satu lokasi dengan sampel/responden berjumlah 35 responden yang tidak lain merupakan pemilik atau manajer dari industri tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis statistic, metode deskriptif dan regresi linear berganda. Penyebaran kuesioner dengan sampel dari satu populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data utama melalui program SPSS 21.
Temuan penelitian – Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan pengaruh yang signifikan secara parsial antara Variabel Strategic Supplier Partnership terhadap kualitas produksi. Kebaruan dalam penelitian adalah kualitas produksi dalam meningkatkan keunggulan bersaing produk dalam tingkat produksi.
Rèn luyện kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ 5-6 tuổi thông qua hoạt động khám phá khoa học ở trường mầm non
Authors: Trần Nguyễn Thị Như Mai 
Published: February 2023

Rèn luyện kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ là nhiệm vụ cần thiết và quan trọng trong quá trình thực hiện mục tiêu giáo dục mầm non, hướng đến việc phát triển năng lực giao tiếp xã hội cho trẻ, giúp trẻ có cơ hội rèn luyện và phát triển kỹ năng làm việc cùng nhau để có thể cùng thực hiện nhiệm vụ hiệu quả nhất. Bài viết đề cập tới các khái niệm về hợp tác, biểu hiện của kỹ năng hợp tác của trẻ 5-6 tuổi qua hoạt động khám phá khoa học, nêu ra một số thuận lợi khó khăn khi rèn kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ 5-6 tuổi. Chúng tôi đã đề xuất các biện pháp rèn luyện kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ 5-6 tuổi qua hoạt động khám phá khoa học ở trường mầm non như: lựa chọn các nội dung giáo dục phù hợp từ chương trình giáo dục mầm non đang hiện hành; xây dựng môi trường phong phú đa dạng; tạo điều kiện cho trẻ chia sẻ kinh nghiệm hợp tác; rèn kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ thông qua các tình huống. Các biện pháp này sẽ góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả giáo dục kỹ năng hợp tác cho trẻ.
Transformation from Business to Personal Strategy with a Focus on Retirement
Authors: ZIF JEHIEL 
Published: February 2023

The paper outlines a transformation of various concepts from business to personal strategy with a focus on retirement: type of strategy, multiple objectives, product life cycle and prediction, strategy development, direction and concentration of effort, strategy implementation and performance evaluation, change readiness and corrective action.We propose that conceiving together a personal strategy and change readiness is a logical way to combine deliberate planning with flexible tuning to unanticipated events. In similarity to business, multiple objectives are essential for achieving life satisfaction. Priority among these objectives needs to be modified according to retirement life stages, which are reviewed. The paper presents an approach to assessing the decision to concentrate on various life satisfaction objectives versus enjoyment in the here and now.Three stages of change readiness with adaptation to retirement situations are outlined: trigger identification, preparation for action, and mode of action. Even with high inertia at an advanced age, it is better to change before one has to, and the paper offers some insight about the way this can be accomplished.Recent research publications on longevity and happiness point to the value of planning and the role of relationships. These findings fit the strategic approach to retirement. In conclusion, we support the notion that life satisfaction, happiness, and longevity are determined more by plan than by luck.
The mental Image of Zain Sudan telecommunication Services company
Authors: Babiker Salih Dr. Abdlegadir Elnour 
Published: February 2023

The researcher used descriptive analysis method and used random sampling method , findings discovered by chance during the investigation , which are the best methods in this kind of research. The research include that the company's failure to communicate with customers about their perceptions and trends and company's concepts, values and reputation., a lack of interest in research and opinion polls , long waiting time to connect to customer services , in addition to unusual increases pricing in internet packages and phone bills have led a large number of customers to announce partial boycott in response to those increases.
The company has made concrete and practical efforts to build a brand that ha affirm hold in the eyes of the public and realizes (zain is beautiful world) , it's doubtless paradoxical that the company sends text messages of an advertising nature to private companies and institutions that harass customers through a series of paid ads. The customer services staff of the company are patient and respectful towards the subscribers , which shows that they know the caller's psychology in advance and have taste when dealing with them. Social responsibility programs are listed as a top priority of the company .
PREVALENCE OF MALARIA USING TWO RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST KIT IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MALARIA IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: A.A. Godwin , I.D Sunday 
Published: February 2023

This study aims at evaluating the comparative diagnostic efficiencies of two commercially available kits in relation to microscopy in detecting Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2, a polyhistidine antigen in urine and blood of febrile patients for malaria diagnosis along with blood based RDTs. This was an observational study in which matched blood and urine from symptomatic patients were tested for malaria using two rapid tests, with microscopy as gold standard in the outpatient clinic of Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe state North Eastern Nigeria were enrolled who presented with fever (≥37.5°C). Thick films were prepared, stained and examined for malaria parasite under the microscope using the oil immersion objective while urine samples as well as blood were taken and immediately tested using RDTs.
With the blood smear microscopy as standard, the disease prevalence was 68.4% and sensitivity for the UMT and SD Bio line (Blood RDT) was 70.1% respectively. The RDT had a specificity of 96.3% as well as the positive and negative predictive values were 97.6% and 59.7% respectively. The rapid diagnostic kits showed moderate level of sensitivity compared with blood smear microscopy as they show considerable acceptable levels in the diagnosis of malaria.
IMPACT OF THE OPERATION CIGLITAZONE ON PPAR ACTIVATION AND APOPTOSIS PROCESS IN MODELS OF GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER IN VITRO
Authors: Jarząb Aldona Olechowska , Targosz Aneta , Belowska Agata Ptak 
Published: February 2023

Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-γ) are nuclear transcription factors which affect the stimulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, modulation of inflammation, tissue sensitivity to insulin, immune response, cell proliferation and differentiation. Current research on PPAR-γ receptors is contradictory.
A significant part of the research suggests that these receptors may be targeted for anti-cancer therapy and have anti-inflammatory properties. Other analyzes speculate on the role of PPAR-γ in promoting cancer. It is therefore important that further studies help to better understand the role of PPAR-γ receptors, which may be relevant in the context of public health and cancer therapy
Methods: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of ciglitazone (10 μM) on expression of PPAR-γ receptors. In addition, it was investigated whether action on PPAR-γ nuclear receptors with a specific ligand concentration (10 μM of ciglitazone) could lead to increased expression of apoptotic protein (Bcl-2, PKB/Akt) in gastric cancer cells (PANC-1, HT-29) in models In vitro. The effects of ciglitazone were tested in HT-29 and PANC-1 cell lines by MTT growth test (tetrazolium growth assay) for 48 hours post-treatment. Investigation of the relationship between ciglitazone and PPARγ in the context of apoptosis was investigated at the protein level by Western Blot analysis.
Results: The results obtained reflect the trend in the publication. In the conducted studies, it was observed that at 10 and 20 μM concentration of ciglitazone affects the growth of the investigated cell lines (PANC-1, HT-29). In addition, studies have shown that this drug increases the activity of PPAR-γ receptors and may affect the kinase gene Akt and Bcl-2 through the receptors themselves.
Conclusion: The studies show that treatment of cancer cells 10 μM ciglitazone for a certain time affects the upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins. What may suggest that certain types of ligand does not result in inhibition of the process of carcinogenesis? Therefore, studies on the effect of PPAR-γ receptors and their ligands on intestinal tumors should be conducted.
EPIDEMIO-CLINICAL PROFILE OF CERVICAL SPINE TRAUMA AT CHU-JRA MADAGASCAR
Authors: Synèse Bemora Joseph , Tsitovah Rakotondrainibe ToroHery , Rakotozanany Patrick , Francis Rakotondraibe Willy , Ratovondrainy Willy , Rabarijaona Mamiarisoa , Andriamamonjy Clément 
Published: February 2023

The cervical spine trauma is a frequent and serious lesion involving not only the vital prognostic but also functional. The target of this work was to determinate the epidemiological clinical profile and the issue related to the management of cervical spine traumatism in Madagascar. It was the 3 years retrospective works with 41 cases of the cervical spine trauma hospitalized and supported in a department of neurosurgery and resuscitation at CHU-JRA Antananarivo Madagascar. We included all patients’ records for traumatized cervical spine and incomplete files have been excluded. While the targeted period, 41 cases of the cervical spine trauma has been studied, 24, 39% of traumatized was between 21-30 years old with a clear male predominance of 80, 48% (sex ratio 4, 1). The etiology is dominated by a fall and the majority was of domestic accident (46,34%). The cervical wounded was part of polytrauma, 58, 53 % of the case are brain injury. Clinically, 39, 02% of the patients were tetraplegic and the standard radiograph represented the requested radiological tool in 82.92%. The mortality rate was 21, 95%. The cervical spine trauma remains pathology difficult to manage because of the respiratory risk which requires a managing in reanimation and the prognostic vital is reserved for complete quadriplegics.
DESCENDING NECROTIZING MEDIASTINITIS COMPLICATING CERVICO-FACIAL CELLULITIS OF DENTAL GATEWAY.
Authors: KARIM Khaoula , ESSAKALLI HOSSYNI Leila 
Published: February 2023

Mediastinitis during cervical cellulitis results from the extension of the cervical infectious process to the mediastinum. This cervico-mediastinal dissemination is favored by the anatomical continuity that exists between these two regions.
The Anglo-Saxon nomenclature attributed the name of descending mediastinitis exclusively to this type of mediastinitis. The dental origin of cellulite is identified by most studies as a factor promoting the extension to the mediastinum especially when the second or third molars are infected.
The initial clinical picture is sometimes poor and can lead to a diagnosis delay. The key examination is cervical CT scan and thoracic CTscan injected. The treatment consists of large and repeated tissue excisions combined with antibiotic therapy directed against the anaerobic and aerobic germs. We report the case a young, immunocompetent patient with cervical cellulitis of dental origin complicated by anterior and posterior mediastinitis.
Penerapan Relaksasi Autogenik Mengatasi Masalah Keperawatan Ketidakstabilan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2: Studi Kasus
Authors: Gemini Savitri , Novitri Widia 
Published: February 2023

Menurut International Diabetes Federation (IDF), terdapat 463 juta orang dewasa, 20–79 tahun, hidup dengan diabetes mellitus pada tahun 2019 yang menyumbang 9,3 %. Diabetes Mellitus adalah penyakit metabolik kronis, ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa dalam darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan asuhan keperawatan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 pada Ny. R Dengan Masalah Keperawatan Ketidakstabilan Kadar Glukosa Darah Dengan Penerapan Relaksasi Autogenik Di Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda Batam Tahun 2022. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus bersifat Deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan pada studi kasus ini hanya 1 responden yang dilakukan berdasarkan tahap-tahap asuhan keperawatan meliputi pengkajian kadar glukosa darah meningkat (326 mg/dl), diagnosa keperawatan utama ketidakstabilan kadar glukosa darah berhubungan dengan hiperglikemia. Intervensi dan implementasi keperawatan yang dilakukan penerapan teknik Relaksasi Autogenik dari tanggal 12 Oktober 2022 – 16 Oktober 2022 selama 5 hari diperoleh hasil evaluasi akhir asuhan keperawatan pada Ny. R klien pusing tidak ada, pandangan sudah tidak kabur. Hasil pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah terakhir pada tanggal wib 122 mg/dl. melalui teknik Relaksasi Autogenik dapat membantu dalam menurunkan, menstabilkan kadar glukosa darah dalam rentang normal. Saran pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 melakukan Teknik Relaksasi Autogenik agar mampu membantu mengontrol dan menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah.
Edukasi ASI Eksklusif Untuk Persiapan Menyusui Menjelang Persalinan
Authors: Mirawati Mirawati , Masdiputri Rr. Sri Nuriaty , Puteri Mahfuzhah Deswita , Hikmah Tasya , Fatmawati Fatmawati 
Published: February 2023

Air susu ibu merupakan sumber gizi yang sangat baik untuk bayi, ASI mempunyai komposisi yang seimbang dan sesuai kebutuhan untuk pertumbuhan bayi. Ada beberapa wilayah di Kalimantan Selatan yang cakupan ASI eksklusifnya masih rendah. Pada daerah Kabupaten Banjar, cakupan ASI eksklusif mencapai 82,1% pada tahun 2020 dan salah satu kecamatannya yaitu aranio cakupannya lebih dari 47%. Kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif, berpotensi menimbulkan defisiensi zat gizi pada bayi. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ASI eksklusif sehingga terbentuknya kesadaran dalam persiapan menyusui menjelang kelahiran. Adapun peserta pada kegiatan ini berjumlah 13 orang ibu hamil dan 9 orang keluarga yang mendampingi sehingga totalnya ada 22 peserta. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan berupa penyuluhan dengan ceramah dan diskusi serta adanya demonstrasi cara menyusui yang baik dan benar. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil pada kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang ASI eksklusif dan keterampilan cara menyusui yang baik dan benar. Responden yang berpengatahuan baik meningkat dari 36,4% menjadi 63,6%. Pengabdian masyarakat ini semoga dapat membantu mewujudkan generasi yang sehat dan cerdas dengan ASI eksklusif.