bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of large equivalent width dusty galaxies at 4 < z < 6 from sub-millimetre colours
Authors: Burgarella D. , Theulé P. , Buat V. , Gouiran L. , Turco L. , Boquien M. , Bakx T. J. L. C. , Inoue A. K. , Fudamoto Y. , Sugahara Y. , Zavala J. 
Published: January 2023

Context. Infrared (IR), sub-millimetre (sub-mm), and millimetre (mm) databases contain a huge quantity of high-quality data. However, a large part of these data are photometric, and they are thought not to be useful to derive quantitative information on the nebular emission of galaxies.
Aims. The aim of this project is first to identify galaxies at z ≳ 4–6 and in the epoch of reionisation from their sub-millimetre colours. We also aim to show that the colours can be used to try and derive physical constraints from photometric bands when accounting for the contribution from the IR fine structure lines to these photometric bands.
Methods. We modelled the flux of IR fine structure lines with CLOUDY and added them to the dust continuum emission with CIGALE. Including (or not) emission lines in the simulated spectral energy distribution (SED) modifies the broad-band emission and colours.
Results. The introduction of the lines allows us to identify strong star forming galaxies at z ≳ 4–6 from the [log10(PSW250μm)/(PMW350μm) versus log10(LABOCA870μm)/(PLW500μm)] colour-colour diagram. By comparing the relevant models to each observed galaxy colour, we are able to roughly estimate the fluxes of the lines and the associated nebular parameters. This method allows us to identify a double sequence in a plot built from the ionisation parameter and the gas metallicity.
Conclusions. The HII and photodissociation region fine structure lines are an essential part of the SEDs. It is important to add them when modelling the spectra, especially at z ≳ 4–6, where their equivalent widths can be large. Conversely, we show that we can extract some information on strong-IR fine structure lines and on the physical parameters related to the nebular emission from IR colour-colour diagrams.
Two-Step Progressive Transcrestal Sinus Augmentation Using a 4.5 mm Unloaded Implant as a “Temporary Implant” in Highly Atrophic Ridge: Case Report
Authors: Anitua Eduardo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSevere atrophic posterior maxillary ridge (residual bone height < 3 mm) could be a challenging situation to place dental implants. Several treatment options have been proposed, but some of them may require advanced surgical skills to achieve best results. In this article, we present a novel and easier technique to allow implant placing in localized areas of severe atrophy. In a first step, a 4.5-length extra-short (unloaded) implant is placed after a transcrestal maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA). After the gained apical bone consolidation, this “temporary implant” is atraumatically removed and a longer and wider definitive implant is placed to support the definitive single restoration. The case of a 45-year-old female treated with this approach is also presented. The patient suffered a severe resorption in the upper right molar area after a tooth extraction. Four months after the “temporary implant” placement and MSFA grafting with plasma rich in growth factors and autologous bone, 3 mm of dense apical bone gain could be observed. In a second surgical time, the 4.5 mm-length “temporary implant” was removed, and a 5.5 mm-length “definitive implant” was placed. This second implant was placed in a denser type 1 (1,000 Hounsfield Unit) new formed apical bone. Four months later, the implant was loaded with a screw-retained crown over a transepithelial (intermediate abutment). After 1-year follow-up, the implant was in health and no mechanical or biological complications were noticed. The satisfactory results of this case encourage the realization of new studies to elucidate its reproducibility.
Evaluation of Tension and Deformation in a Mandibular Toronto Bridge Anchored on Three Fixtures Using Different Framework Materials, Abutment Systems, and Loading Conditions: A FEM Analysis
Authors: Grande Francesco , Cesare Pozzan Mario , Mochi Zamperoli Edoardo , Gianoli Camilla Martina , Mollica Francesco , Catapano Santo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate by finite element method analysis the behaviour of a three-implant mandible Toronto framework made by three different materials, with two abutment systems and two loading conditions.
Materials and Methods Three implants were virtually inserted in a mandible model in positions 3.6, 4.1, and 4.6. Three prosthetic framework bars with the same design and dimension (4.8 × 5.5 mm) were projected. The variables introduced in the computer model were the framework materials (glass fiber reinforced resin, Co-Cr, TiAl6V4), the abutment systems (Multi-Unit-Abutment [MUA]/OT-Bridge), and the loading conditions (500 N vertical load on all the framework area and 400 N on a 7-mm distal cantilever). The computer was programmed with physical properties of the materials as derived from the literature. Maximum tension and deformation values for each variable were registered at framework, screws, and abutment level and then compared.
Results Metal frameworks Cr-Co and TiAl6V4 resulted in lower deformation than glass fiber-reinforced resin frameworks while presenting higher tension values. The OT-Bridge exhibited lower maximum tension and deformation values than the MUA system. The first loading condition reached higher tension and deformation values than the second and it resulted in more uniformly distributed load on all the framework area, especially with the OT-Bridge system.
Conclusion More rigid materials and OT-Bridge system decrease the deformation on the prosthetic components. Tension stresses are more uniformly distributed with glass fiber-reinforced resin, in the OT-Bridge system and avoiding cantilever loading.
A Brief History of Microbial Study and Techniques for Exploring the Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Authors: Sidebottom Ashley M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOver the past 20 years, the study of microbial communities has benefited from simultaneous advancements across several fields resulting in a high-resolution view of human consortia. Although the first bacterium was described in the mid-1600s, the interest in community membership and function has not been a focus or feasible until recent decades. With strategies such as shotgun sequencing, microbes can be taxonomically profiled without culturing and their unique variants defined and compared across phenotypes. Approaches such as metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics can define the current functional state of a population through the identification of bioactive compounds and significant pathways. Prior to sample collection in microbiome-based studies it is critical to evaluate the requirements of downstream analyses to ensure accurate processing and storage for generation of high data quality. A common pipeline for the analysis of human samples includes approval of collection protocols and method finalization, patient sample collection, sample processing, data analysis, and visualization. Human-based microbiome studies are inherently challenging but with the application of complementary multi-omic strategies there is an unbounded potential for discovery.
Role of Bacteria in the Development of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Thomas Ryan M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Once limited to older populations, the incidence of CRC in patients under the age of 50 years is increasing and the etiology for this is uncertain. One hypothesis lies on the impact of the intestinal microbiome. The intestinal microbiome, composed primarily of bacteria but also viruses, fungi, and archaea, has been shown to regulate CRC development and progression both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the role and intersection of the bacterial microbiome in various stages of clinical CRC development and management are discussed beginning with CRC screening. Various mechanisms whereby the microbiome has been shown to modulate CRC development including the influence of diet on the microbiome, bacterial-induced injury to the colonic epithelium, bacterial-produced toxins, and alteration of normal cancer immunosurveillance by the microbiome are discussed. Finally, the influence of microbiome on the response of CRC to treatment is discussed while highlighting ongoing clinical trials. The complexities of the microbiome and its role in CRC development and progression have become apparent and will require ongoing commitment to translate laboratory findings into meaningful clinical results that will aid more than 150,000 patients that develop CRC every year.
Hyperglycemia in the Perioperative Period
Authors: Shuford Rebecca , Miller-Ocuin Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPerioperative hyperglycemia is a risk factor in surgical patients. Complications, including infection and mortality, are associated with hyperglycemia in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Stress hyperglycemia results in a state of insulin resistance. Insulin administration has been shown to reduce the complications associated with hyperglycemia. Glycemic targets provide goals for individualized treatment of hyperglycemia in surgical patients in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods.
The mobilizing effects of political media consumption among external voters
Authors: Himmelroos Staffan , von Schoultz Åsa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examines political media consumption among non-resident citizens, and whether following politics in traditional and social media in their country of residence and origin has a mobilizing effect on voting in origin-country elections. The topic of our study is inspired by the trend towards increased enfranchisement of external citizens, improved methods for participation from abroad, and the transformation of the media landscape with enhanced possibilities for external voters to follow politics in their country of origin. Based on a survey directed towards a stratified random sample of Finnish external citizens in 15 countries, we find that politically oriented media consumption in the country of origin substantially increases the likelihood of participating in origin-country elections and that this effect holds for traditional media channels as well as for social media. A corresponding mobilizing effect is, however, not found for following politics in the country of residence. This demonstrates the value of relevant information for political participation.
Convolutional kernel with PrCaMnOx-based resistive random-access memory for neuromorphic image processing
Authors: Hong Eunryeong , Jeon Seonuk , Kim Nayeon , Kim Hyun Wook , Kang Heebum , Moon Kibong , Woo Jiyong 
Published: January 2023

This paper investigated the conductance-state stability of TiN/PrCaMnOx (PCMO)-based resistive random-access memory (RRAM), which serves as a kernel weight element in convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to realize accurate feature extraction from images. On application of the initial forming process that actively drives more oxygen ions to form an interfacial layer between TiN and PCMO to RRAM devices with a high voltage of ±4 V, resistive switching behavior with a noticeable memory window was observed. However, the achieved conductance states continued to decrease during repeated cycling. The oxidation at the interface tended to occur thermodynamically, implying an increase in interfacial layer thickness. Considering the hardware implementation of the kernel weight matrix, with specifically assigned conductance values of the RRAM, state instability in the RRAM renders image edge detection difficult, eventually degrading the overall recognition accuracy of the CNN. Thus, we introduced an asymmetric programming voltage method, wherein a higher set voltage of −3 V than a reset voltage of +2.5 V can shift more oxygen ions back into PCMO. Consequently, when the RRAM devices programmed to different states were maintained without degradation in the 1 K cross-point array, eight clearly distinct weighted sum currents were demonstrated in the 3 × 1 subarray. Based on the measurement results, we performed feature extraction in CNN algorithms through MATLAB simulation, demonstrating input image edge detection with a high accuracy of 92%.
Heat transfer of thin flat heat pipes with gradually varied vapor–liquid channels
Authors: Peng Guohong , Zhang Zhikun , Wang Yaxin , Zhang Yanhui , Zhao Zhengang 
Published: January 2023

The heat flow density is constantly increasing due to the growing demand for the integration and compaction of electronic devices. A sintered thin flat heat pipe (TFHP) is a typical device for managing the heat flux of highly integrated electronic circuits. Four different structures of the vapor–liquid flow channel architecture are designed in this work. Heat transfer performance tests of different TFHPs are carried out for different thermal powers. The surface temperature distribution and thermal resistance of the TFHP under different operating conditions are investigated. The experimental results show that the design of the vapor–liquid flow channel significantly impacts the TFHP’s heat transfer performance and that the wedge-shaped wick is better suited to the flow channel. The wedge-shaped wick has the lowest thermal resistance of 0.28 °C/W and the most elevated maximum thermal power of 22 W. The heat dispatch performance of the sintered wick TFHP is improved.
Brucellosis Surveillance and Control: A One Health Case Study
Authors: Zinsstag Jakob 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Brucellosis is one of the world’s major zoonoses (

Dean
et al
., 2012a

). Human infection results mainly from direct contact with infected animals (often occupational exposure) or from the consumption of contaminated raw milk or dairy products (consumer exposure). Human brucellosis exposure can ultimately only be prevented by its elimination in animals. Control and elimination in the animal host are most effectively achieved by mass vaccination and, if possible, subsequent test-and-slaughter programmes (

Zinsstag
et al
., 2011

). Economic studies show that it is highly profitable for pastoral societies to eliminate brucellosis. The societal benefits are three times higher than the investment in the mass vaccination of livestock (

Roth
et al
., 2003

). Hence, brucellosis control is a landmark example of the benefits of a One Health approach to zoonoses control, when compared to focusing solely on public health. The most important causative agents are
Brucella melitensis
(sheep and goats),
Brucella abortus
(cattle),
B. suis
(pigs) and
B. canis
(dogs). Brucella are gram-negative coccobacillary bacteria with an intracellular predilection in the host. The main clinical feature in livestock is late-stage abortion (Figure
1
), at which time bacteria are excreted in high numbers. Brucella may be shed during prolonged periods in milk after the cessation of clinical signs. Brucellosis causes mainly a loss of fertility and a reduction of milk production in sheep, goats and cattle. Symptoms of the disease in people are highly variable. In general,
B. melitensis
causes a more severe illness, with less severe forms caused by
B. suis
and
B. abortus
. The main symptoms are fever, sweats, malaise, anorexia, headache, arthralgia, myalgia, backache and weight loss (

Dean
et al
., 2012b

). The bacteria can localize anywhere in the body. Two-thirds of the cases become chronic and the illness can continue for years if patients do not receive appropriate treatment (

Roth
et al
., 2003

). There is no or very rare human-to-human transmission of brucellosis. Acute human brucellosis without complications should be treated with a combination therapy of doxycycline-streptomycin or doxycycline-gentamicin. Focal forms often require prolonged treatment.

Swiss TPH logo

Information

This case study is extracted from Chapter 14 of Zinsstag
et al.
2015 (OH Book) and the Policy brief on the elimination of brucellosis in Central Asia.

© The Authors 2023
Observational constraints in accelerated emergent f(Q) gravity model
Authors: Shekh S H , Bouali A , Mustafa G , Pradhan A , Javed F 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, the non-metricity scalar Q, which characterizes the gravitational interaction, is used to analyze the Universe’s rapid expansion within the context of the f(Q) gravity theory. We suggest an emergent scale factor, which produces the deceleration parameter in redshift form which determines the solution of the field equations in the FLRW Universe. We evaluate the appropriate values of the model parameters by considering SNIa from Pantheon, CMB from Planck 2018, BAO, and 36 data points from Hubble datasets using Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. The deceleration parameter’s development suggests that the Universe is moving from its deceleration phase into its acceleration phase. Furthermore, we analyze the statefinder (r, s) diagnostic parameter. We also use some different forms of f(Q) gravity models to study some other cosmological parameters, i.e.

f
(
Q
)
=

α

1

Q

,

f
(
Q
)
=

α

2

Q

m

and

f
(
Q
)
=

α

3

Q

m

+
Q

, where α
1, α
2, α
3 and m all are free model parameters. Finally, we concluded that all f(Q) models predict that at z = 0, Universe is in the phase of accelerating and behaves like the quintessence models and at

z
=
−
1

, approaches to ΛCDM models.
Effect of frequency on droplet actuation in reverse electrowetting
Authors: Wang Li-Ming , Zhao Rui , Liang Zhong-Cheng , Zhang Jian , Kou Song-Feng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, a theoretical formula based on equivalent circuit model is proposed to describe the influence of frequency on the droplet actuation behavior in reverse electrowetting. To verify the theory, changes of droplet profile are monitored by charge coupled device (CCD) camera and simulated by COMSOL. It shows that the threshold voltage required for the droplet to start contracting inward increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing frequency. When the frequency is 1 kHz, the threshold voltage reaches the maximum value. Once the droplet begins to move inward, its contact angle increases with the working voltage. As for 4 kHz, the contact angle increases linearly from 60° to 154° when voltage ranges from 16 V to 50 V, while the droplet remained stationary when

U

< 16 V. The relative experimental results well accord with the theoretical prediction.
A new breast phantom suitable for digital mammography, contrast-enhanced digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis
Authors: Zhang Changsheng , Fu Jian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Our objective is to report a new breast phantom that provides the objective assessment for three types of clinical mammography, i.e. digital mammography (DM), contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM), and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). The tissue-equivalent materials are used to represent the corresponding tissue, and the layer-by-layer structure with separate regions is designed for image quality assessment of different mammography modes. For DM imaging, substitutes for microcalcifications and fibroglandular tissue of different sizes are used to simulate the conventional breast. For CEDM imaging, the tumor module that can be injected with imaging contrast agents is adopted to distinguish normal tissue and diseased tissue in the dense breast. For DBT imaging, the overlapping breast mass module with multiple layers is designed to perform the layer-by-layer imaging of overlapping tissue. In addition, the quantitative assessment module of image quality is designed based on contrast-to-noise ratio, modulation transfer function and artifact spread function. This phantom allows image quality to be evaluated objectively for three different types of the clinical mammography, while it provides an effective tool for optimizing the dose-image quality relationship of patients.
Low-energy scatterings and pseudopotential of polarized quadrupoles
Authors: Deng Fulin , Zhang Wenxian , Yi Su 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigate the low-energy scattering properties of two identical particles interacting via the polarized quadrupolar interaction. It is shown that a series of s- and p-wave resonances appear for identical bosons and fermions, respectively, as the strength of the quadrupolar interaction increases. Interestingly, scattering resonances also appear on the generalized scattering length corresponding to the coupling between the s and d waves. This observation inspires us to propose a new pseudopotential for the quadrupolar interaction. We also explore the bound-state properties of two particles in both free space and harmonic traps.
A variable refractive index sensor based on epsilon-near-zero spatial selection structure and its potential in biological detection
Authors: Wan Bao-Fei , Ye Hai-Ning , Zhang Dan , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a spatially selective (SS) structure is investigated through the critical jump characteristic when the permittivity of the epsilon-negative (ENG) materials approaches zero. In the range where the incident frequency of the TE wave is 5.1–5.6 c d−1 and that of the TM wave is 5.0–5.7 c d−1, the transmittance exceeds 0.85 and the squareness factor (SF) surpasses 0.9. By adjusting the electronic plasma frequency to affect the position of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) frequency, a wide-angle control of the SS characteristic extent is produced. Using the fragility of the critical angle to the background analyte medium, a variable refractive index sensor is proposed. When the electronic plasma frequency is continuously altered, the analyte with the measurement range of 1.1–1.3, 1.3–1.5, 1.5–1.7, or 1.7–1.9 can be detected. The corresponding sensitivity is 57.1 degrees/RIU, 48.8 degrees/RIU, 40.0 degrees/RIU, or 32.8 degrees/RIU. The elongation in the thickness of ENG materials contributes to the improvement of the SF, executing the discrimination of Vibrio cholera, E. coli, and Shigella flexneri. The effects of losses on device performance are also briefly considered. Different from previous studies, the proposed SS selective structure adopts a new ENZ mechanism, can simplify the design of the structure to a certain extent and has a possibility in the design of highly sensitive sensors.
Time-extended inductive tokamak discharges with differentially-tilted toroidal field coils
Authors: Gatto R. , Bombarda F. , Gabriellini S. , Murgo S. , Zotta V.K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The strong toroidal magnetic field required for plasma confinement in tokamaks is generated by a set of D-shaped coils lying equidistant on meridian planes toroidally located around the central axis of the device. A major technological challenge tied to this configuration is represented by the large Lorentz force acting on the coils and arising from the interaction of the coils’ currents with the magnetic field generated by the coil system itself. As this force is given by the cross product of the coil current and the magnetic field, various kinds of coil geometry modification have been proposed to alleviate this problem, from an inclination of the entire coil in order to maintain its planarity, to azimuthal tilting of all, or parts of, the coil profile. When the inner legs of the coils are tilted, apart from a reduction of the electromagnetic forces, a solenoid-like structure is formed which introduces additional magnetic flux linked to the plasma. Considering compact, high field devices, it is shown that when this additional flux is exploited, totally or in part, to ramp up the plasma current, the discharge time can be extended by a significant amount without resorting to noninductive current drive systems. Operational scenarios with inner-leg-tilted toroidal field coils are presented.