bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of novel cage‐like cross‐linked membranes for enhanced proton conductivity in a high temperature‐polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
Authors: Kashi Prahlad Venkatesh Babu , Varghese Geethu , Joseph Thadathil Varghese , Chippar Purushothama 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhosphoric acid (PA)‐doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes have encountered several problems associated with high cost, chemical instability, poor solubility in organic solvents, and higher doping level which results in poor mechanical properties and faster degradation of the membrane. Alternative membranes with high proton conductivity and mechanical strength for high‐temperature applications are of great interest, one such membrane being cPBI‐IL X. The cage‐like cross‐linked structure of these membranes shows a dual proton transport path due to which proton conductivity is elevated. The ionic liquid content of these membranes improves the PA absorbing capability and shortens the proton transfer path. These membranes exhibit the highest proton conductivity of 13.3 S/m and better durability compared to existing PBI Membranes. A mathematical model is developed and validated versus published experimental results to account for the proton conductivity of these membranes. The developed model is further investigated for a detailed understanding of polarization phenomena and species distribution.
Miscibility and phase behavior of reactively compatibilized poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) bio‐blends using various rheological analyses
Authors: Saeed Ullah Muhammad , Yildirim Rumeysa , Caraseva Lulia , Zuza Ester , Ozkoc Guralp , Kodal Mehmet 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the compatibilization of PLA/poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) blends using mono‐ and multi‐epoxide POSS (MoEpPOSS and MuEpPOSS) nanoparticles, from a rheological point of view for the first time in the literature. The addition of PBS to PLA decreased the complex viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus, indicating weak interactions between polymers. However, the incorporation of MoEpPOSS and MuEpPOSS increased the complex viscosity and storage modulus due to the formation of long polymeric chains or complex polymeric structures through interactions between the epoxide groups of POSS and the end groups of the polymers. The effect was more significant with MuEpPOSS because MuEpPOSS has multiple epoxide groups in its cage structure, leading to stronger interactions with the polymers. POSS incorporation resulted in semicircular and arc‐shaped curves in the Cole‐Cole plots, indicating better dispersion, phase homogeneity, and compatibility. The introduction of POSS also influenced the dynamic loss tangent (tan δ) versus frequency (ω) plot. When POSS was introduced, the tan δ peak decreased and shifted to a higher frequency, indicating improved compatibility, and enhanced interfacial adhesion. These findings indicated that the addition of epoxy‐POSS nanoparticles can effectively compatibilize PLA/PBS blends and enhance their rheological properties, potentially improving their overall performance for various applications.
Immune responses of the Asian onion moth, Acrolepiopsis sapporensis, and their genetic factors from RNA‐Seq analysis
Authors: Hrithik Md Tafim Hossain , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA nonmodel insect, Acrolepiopsis sapporensis, has been analyzed in immune responses. The total hemocytes in the fifth instar larvae were 2.33 × 106 cells/mL. These hemocytes comprised at least five different types and different relative ratios: 47% granulocytes, 26% plasmatocytes, 11% oenocytoid, 8% prohemocytes, and 5% spherulocytes. Upon bacterial challenge, some of the hemocytes exhibited typical hemocyte‐spreading behaviors, such as focal adhesion, and filopodial and lamellipodial cytoplasmic extensions. The hemocyte behaviors induced cellular immune responses demonstrated by nodule formation. In addition, the plasma collected from the immune‐challenged larvae exhibited humoral immune responses by bacterial growth inhibition along with enhanced phenoloxidase enzyme activity. These cellular and humoral immune responses were further analyzed by determining the immune‐associated genes from a transcriptome generated by RNA‐Seq. A total of about 12 Gb sequences led to about 218,116 contigs, which were predicted to encode about 46,808 genes. Comparative expression analysis showed 8392 uniquely expressed genes in the immune‐challenged larvae. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis among the commonly expressed genes indicated that 782 genes were upregulated and 548 genes were downregulated in the expressions after bacterial challenge. These immune‐associated genes included pattern recognition receptors, immune mediation/signaling genes, and various immune effectors. Specifically, the genetic components of the Toll, IMD, and JAK/STAT immune signaling pathways were included in the DEG database. These results demonstrate the immune responses of A. sapporensis larvae and suggest the genes associated with the immune responses in this nonmodel insect.
Association Between Severe Nonadherence to Hydroxychloroquine and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flares, Damage, and Mortality in 660 Patients From the SLICC Inception Cohort
Authors: Nguyen Yann , Blanchet Benoît , Urowitz Murray B. , Hanly John G. , Gordon Caroline , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Romero‐Diaz Juanita , Sanchez‐Guerrero Jorge , Clarke Ann E. , Bernatsky Sasha , Wallace Daniel J. , Isenberg David A. , Rahman Anisur , Merrill Joan T. , Fortin Paul R. , Gladman Dafna D. , Bruce Ian N. , Petri Michelle , Ginzler Ellen M. , Dooley Mary Anne , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Manzi Susan , Jönsen Andreas , Alarcón Graciela S. , Van Vollenhoven Ronald F. , Aranow Cynthia , Le Guern Véronique , Mackay Meggan , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Lim S. Sam , Inanc Murat , Kalunian Kenneth C. , Jacobsen Søren , Peschken Christine A. , Kamen Diane L. , Askanase Anca , Buyon Jill , Costedoat‐Chalumeau Nathalie 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe goals of this study were to assess the associations of severe nonadherence to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), objectively assessed by HCQ serum levels, and risks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares, damage, and mortality rates over five years of follow‐up.MethodsThe Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) Inception Cohort is an international multicenter initiative (33 centers throughout 11 countries). The serum of patients prescribed HCQ for at least three months at enrollment were analyzed. Severe nonadherence was defined by a serum HCQ level <106 ng/mL or <53 ng/mL for HCQ doses of 400 or 200 mg/day, respectively. Associations with the risk of a flare (defined as a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 increase ≥4 points, initiation of prednisone or immunosuppressive drugs, or new renal involvement) were studied with logistic regression, and associations with damage (first SLICC/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index [SDI] increase ≥1 point) and mortality with separate Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsOf the 1,849 cohort participants, 660 patients (88% women) were included. Median (interquartile range) serum HCQ was 388 ng/mL (244–566); 48 patients (7.3%) had severe HCQ nonadherence. No covariates were clearly associated with severe nonadherence, which was, however, independently associated with both flare (odds ratio 3.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.80–6.42) and an increase in the SDI within each of the first three years (hazard ratio [HR] 1.92 at three years; 95% CI 1.05–3.50). Eleven patients died within five years, including 3 with severe nonadherence (crude HR 5.41; 95% CI 1.43–20.39).ConclusionSevere nonadherence was independently associated with the risks of an SLE flare in the following year, early damage, and five‐year mortality.image
Uninterrupted real‐time cerebral stress level monitoring using wearable biosensors: A review
Authors: Mishra Anuja , Agrawal Mukti , Ali Aaliya , Garg Prakrati 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStress is the major unseen bug for the health of humans with the increasing workaholic era. Long periods of avoidance are the main precursor for chronic disorders that are quite tough to treat. As precaution is better than cure, stress detection and monitoring are vital. Although there are ways to measure stress clinically, there is still a constant need and demand for methods that measure stress personally and in an ex vitro manner for the convenience of the user. The concept of continuous stress monitoring has been introduced to tackle the issue of unseen stress accumulating in the body simultaneously with being user‐friendly and reliable. Stress biosensors nowadays provide real‐time, noninvasive, and continuous monitoring of stress. These biosensors are innovative anthropogenic creations that are a combination of biomarkers and indicators like heart rate variation, electrodermal activity, skin temperature, galvanic skin response, and electroencephalograph of stress in the body along with machine learning algorithms and techniques. The collaboration of biological markers, artificial intelligence techniques, and data science tools makes stress biosensors a hot topic for research. These attributes have made continuous stress detection a possibility with ease. The advancement in stress biosensing technologies has made a great impact on the lives of human beings so far. This article focuses on the comprehensive study of stress‐indicating biomarkers and the techniques along with principles of the biosensors used for continuous stress detection. The precise overview of wearable stress monitoring systems is also sectioned to pave a pathway for possible future research studies.
Methodology for fast development of digital solutions in integrated continuous downstream processing
Authors: Andersson Niklas , Fons Joaquín Gomis , Isaksson Madelène , Tallvod Simon , Espinoza Daniel , Sjökvist Linnea , Andersson Gusten Zandler , Nilsson Bernt 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe methodology for production of biologics is going through a paradigm shift from batch‐wise operation to continuous production. Lot of efforts are focused on integration, intensification, and continuous operation for decreased foot‐print, material, equipment, and increased productivity and product quality. These integrated continuous processes with on‐line analytics become complex processes, which requires automation, monitoring, and control of the operation, even unmanned or remote, which means bioprocesses with high level of automation or even autonomous capabilities. The development of these digital solutions becomes an important part of the process development and needs to be assessed early in the development chain. This work discusses a platform that allows fast development, advanced studies, and validation of digital solutions for integrated continuous downstream processes. It uses an open, flexible, and extendable real‐time supervisory controller, called Orbit, developed in Python. Orbit makes it possible to communicate with a set of different physical setups and on the same time perform real‐time execution. Integrated continuous processing often implies parallel operation of several setups and network of Orbit controllers makes it possible to synchronize complex process system. Data handling, storage, and analysis are important properties for handling heterogeneous and asynchronous data generated in complex downstream systems. Digital twin applications, such as advanced model‐based and plant‐wide monitoring and control, are exemplified using computational extensions in Orbit, exploiting data and models. Examples of novel digital solutions in integrated downstream processes are automatic operation parameter optimization, Kalman filter monitoring, and model‐based batch‐to‐batch control.
Injection of a PMMA‐doped MSC spheroid gel for the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Ko Wan‐Kyu , Lee Daye , Kim Seong Jun , Han Gong Ho , Lee Donghyun , Sheen Seung Hun , Sohn Seil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe aimed to develop a biocompatible treatment to overcome the limitations of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) vertebroplasty for osteoporotic compression fracture patients. We synthesized an injectable hydrogel containing PMMA. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroids were included in the injectable PMMA‐doped gel (= PMMA‐doped spheroid gel). In vitro, the osteogenic/anti‐inflammatory effects of the embedded spheroids were investigated by the quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction method. In vivo, we used ovariectomy (OVX)‐induced osteoporotic rats with injured femurs to investigate the pain‐relief effects. The OVX rats were divided into four groups according to the materials injected (non, PMMA, PMMA gel, and PMMA‐spheroid gel) into the lesion. The immunofluorescence (IF) intensity levels of painful markers in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were measured. In vitro, a volumetric ratio of the gel of 8 (gel):2 (PMMA) was non‐cytotoxic for MSCs and promoted the expression of osteogenic/anti‐inflammatory markers. In vivo, the values of several bone parameters in the PMMA‐doped spheroid gel group showed remarkable increases compared to those in the PMMA group. In addition, the IF intensity levels of the painful markers were noticeably decreased in the PMMA‐spheroid gel group. We, therefore, suggest that this treatment can be useful for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients.
The contribution of prognostic factors to socio‐demographic inequalities in breast cancer survival in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Stuart Geoffrey W. , Chamberlain James A. , te Marvelde Luc 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer survival in Australia varies according to socio‐economic status (SES) and between rural and urban places of residence. Part of this disparity may be due to differences in prognostic factors at the time of diagnosis.MethodsWomen with invasive breast cancer diagnosed from 2008 until 2012 (n = 14,165) were identified from the Victorian Cancer Registry and followed up for 5 years, with death from breast cancer or other causes recorded. A prognostic score, based on stage at diagnosis, cancer grade, whether the cancer was detected via screening, reported comorbidities and age at diagnosis, was constructed for use in a mediation analysis.ResultsFive‐year breast cancer mortality for women with breast cancer who were in the lowest quintile of SES (10.3%) was almost double that of those in the highest quintile (5.7%). There was a small survival advantage (1.7% on average, within each socio‐economic quintile) of living in inner‐regional areas compared with major cities. About half of the socio‐economic disparity was mediated by prognostic factors, particularly stage at diagnosis and the presence of comorbidities. The inner‐regional survival advantage was not due to differences in prognostic factors.ConclusionsPart of the socio‐economic disparity in breast cancer survival could be addressed by earlier detection in, and improved general health for, more disadvantaged women. Further research is required to identify additional causes of socio‐economic disparities as well as the observed inner‐regional survival advantage.
Advances in the use of ECMO in oncology patient
Authors: Teng Xiangnan , Wu Jiali , Liao Jing , Xu Shanling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOver the past decade, ECMO has provided temporary cardiopulmonary support to an increasing number of patients, but the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to provide temporary respiratory and circulatory support to adult patients with malignancy remains controversial.ObjectivesThis paper reviews the specific use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in oncology patients.MethodsWe searched PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for studies on the use of ECMO in cancer patients between 1998 and 2022. Twenty‐four retrospective, prospective, and case reports were included. The primary outcome was survival during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.ResultsMost studies suggest that ECMO can be used in oncology patients requiring life support during surgery, solid tumor patients with respiratory failure, and hematological tumor patients requiring ECOM as a supportive means of chemotherapy; however, in patients with hematologic oncology undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, there was no clear benefit after the use of ECMO.ConclusionCurrent research suggests that ECMO may be considered as a salvage support in specific cancer patients. Future studies should include larger sample sizes than those already conducted, including studies on efficacy, adverse events, and health.
The effects of coagulation factors and their inhibitors on proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer
Authors: Rees Peter Adam , Castle John , Clouston Hamish William , Lamb Rebecca , Singh Urvashi , Duff Sarah Elizabeth , Kirwan Cliona Clare 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground/AimClotting factors promote cancer development. We investigated if coagulation proteins promote proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and whether their direct inhibitors can attenuate these effects.Materials and MethodsDLD‐1 and SW620 cells were treated with tissue factor (0, 50, 100 and 500 pg/mL ± 10 μg/mL 10H10 [anti‐tissue factor antibody]), thrombin (0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 U/mL ± 0.5 μM dabigatran [thrombin inhibitor]) and Factor Xa, FXa (0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 U/mL ± 100 ng/mL rivaroxaban [FXa inhibitor]) and their effects on proliferation and migration were quantified using the PrestoBlue® and transwell migration assays, respectively.ResultsThrombin increased proliferation from 48 h treatment compared to its control (48 h 6.57 ± 1.36 u vs. 2.42 ± 0.13 u, p = 0.001, 72 h 9.50 ± 1.54 u vs. 4.50 ± 0.47 u, p = 0.004 and 96 h 10.77 ± 1.72 u vs. 5.57 ± 0.25 u, p = 0.008). This increase in proliferation was attenuated by dabigatran at 72 h (2.23 ± 0.16 u vs. 3.26 ± 0.43 u, p = 0.04).Tissue factor (0 pg/mL 20.7 ± 1.6 cells/view vs. 50 pg/mL 32.4 ± 1.9 cells/view, p = 0.0002), FXa (0.0 U/mL 8.9 ± 1.1 cells/view vs. 10.0 U/mL 17.7 ± 1.7 cells/view, p < 0.0001) and thrombin (0.0 U/mL 8.9 ± 1.3 cells/view vs. 10.0 U/mL 20.2 ± 2.0 cells/view, p < 0.0001) all increased migration compared to their controls. However, their direct inhibitors did not attenuate these increases.ConclusionThrombin, FXa and TF all increase migration in CRC in vitro. Thrombin induced increase in proliferation is abrogated by dabigatran. Dabigatran may have potential as an anti‐cancer therapy in CRC.
Nanotechnology Formulations Designed with Herbal Extracts and Their Therapeutic Applications – A Review
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Lucas , Assunção Ferreira Magda Rhayanny , Lira Soares Luiz Alberto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBecause of the increasing demand for natural products, the development of nanoformulations containing natural active ingredients requires in‐depth knowledge of the substances used, methods of obtaining, and stability profiles to ensure product quality, efficacy, and safety. Considering this, the bibliography of the last five years presented in databases (PubMed and Science Direct) was discussed in this work, discussing the study with medicinal plants to obtain active metabolites with therapeutic properties, as well as the different nano‐systems responsible for carrying these molecules. Due to the wealth of biodiversity found in the world, many species are submitted to the extraction process for several purposes. However, identifying, classifying, and quantifying the constituents of herbal matrices are crucial steps to verify their therapeutic potential. In addition, knowing the techniques of production and elaboration of nanotechnology products allows the optimization of the incorporation of herbal extracts as an innovation target. For studies to be successful, it is necessary to exhaust experimental results that guarantee the efficacy, safety, and quality of natural nanosystems, with the objective of obtaining reliable answers in nanotechnology therapy.
Design of Cationic Lipids with Acetal Linkers: Conformational Preferences, Hydrolytic Stability, and High Drug‐Loading Abilities
Authors: Kumar Awasthi Anand , Bhagat Somnath D. , Banerjee Aditi , Srivastava Aasheesh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLipids are key constituents of numerous biomedical drug delivery technologies. Here, we present the design, synthesis and biophysical characterizations of a library of cationic lipids containing an acetal residue in their linker region. These cationic acetal lipids (CALs) were conveniently prepared through a trans‐acetalization protocol from commercially available precursors. NMR studies highlighted the conformational rigidity at the acetal residue and the high hydrolytic stability of these CALs. Fluorescence anisotropy studies revealed that the CAL with a pyridinium headgroup (CAL1) formed highly cohesive vesicular aggregates in water. These structural and self‐assembly features of the CAL1 allowed up to 196 % w/w loading of curcumin (Cur) as a representative hydrophobic drug. A reconstitutable formulation of Cur was obtained as a result, which could deliver the drug inside mammalian cells with very high efficiency. The hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility of CAL1 was significantly enhanced by creating a coating of polydopamine (PDA) onto its vesicular assemblies to produce hybrid lipid‐polymer nanocapsules. This work demonstrates rapid access to the useful synthetic lipid formulations with high potential in drug and gene delivery applications.
Robotic modified Strong procedure for superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Authors: Wasef Kareem , Hudnall Aaron , Schmidt Carl R. , Marsh J. Wallis , Boone Brian A. 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe robotic modified Strong procedure is a safe and effective approach for surgical management of superior mesenteric artery syndrome in properly selected patients.AbstractSuperior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare syndrome of small bowel obstruction resulting from vascular compression of the duodenum. Here we present our modification of a robotic Strong procedure for the surgical management of SMA syndrome. This procedure is a safe and effective approach for management in properly selected patients.
Surgical resection of a large invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Yoshino Ryusei , Yoshida Nana , Ito Akane , Ujiie Nanami , Nakatsubo Masaki , Kitada Masahiro 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageInvasive mucinous adenocarcinoma often presents with pneumonia‐like findings on imaging, which complicates its diagnosis. This case demonstrates that aggressive bronchoscopy is useful for examining infiltrating shadows in the lung field and large tumors occupying the entire lung lobe should be treated cautiously when lung parenchyma develops.
Sustainably Scaled Electrochemical Synthesis of 3‐Propyladipic Acid in Line with Fluctuating Grid Supply
Authors: Bednarz Roland J.‐R. , Jiménez‐Meneses Pilar , Gold Annika S. , Monllor‐Satoca Damián , Stenglein Andreas , Gómez Roberto , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChemical production is a significant contributor to global climate change, which expedites the growing demand for transitioning to more sustainable and climate‐friendly methodologies. Ideally this should include high compatibility with the fluctuating electricity supply which results from renewable energy sources in the electrical grid. Here we show an electrochemical path for the 3‐propyladipic acid synthesis from 4‐propylcyclohexanol implementing a semi‐technical electrochemical continuously stirred tank reactor. Following a Design of Experiments approach, we found a strong influence of the biphasic electrolyte mixing and the continuous feeding in of the substrate. By switching to an electrolyte recirculation mode and efficient mixing, the isolated product yield could be increased up to 31 % for a 10 L total reaction volume, indicating the potential for further scale‐up into the technical range. This reaction proceeds while forming several by‐products, which have not been fully described yet. A proposal for the formation mechanism is included.