bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desain Karakter Virtual Youtuber sebagai Maskot Pembelajaran Menggambar
Authors: Ronggowarsito Bimahadi Ilmawan , Ramdhan Zaini , Afif Riky Taufik 
Published: February 2023

AbstrakAdanya pandemi COVID-19 memaksa sektor pendidikan untuk beradaptasi dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Pembelajaran dalam bentuk daring dilakukan sebagai salah satu bentuk inovasi pada sektor pendidikan. Perancangan desain karakter virtual youtuber bertujuan untuk menghibur dalam kegiatan pembelajaran menggambar agar meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik Ketika melakukan pembelajaran daring. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kombinasi antara metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Untuk metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu, wawancara, observasi, kuesioner dan studi pustaka. Hasil akhir dari perancangan desain karakter Virtual YouTuber ini berupa animasi terbatas, yang digerakkan menggunakan bantuan face tracking agar karakter dapat terlihat seolah-olah hidup dan dapat berinteraksi secara langsung dengan penontonnya. Penggunaan Virtual YouTuber sebagai maskot untuk menggantikan manusia dalam proses penyampaian materi pelajaran menggambar di UKM Luminosus Animation terbukti efektif dilakukan oleh penulis. Hubungan antara pengajar dan pelajar menjadi lebih interaktif selama kegiatan pembelajaran menggambar dilaksanakan. Kata Kunci: COVID-19, Face Tracking, Pembelajaran, Virtual YouTuber AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic forced the education sector to adapt to teaching and learning activities. Learning in online form is done as a form of innovation in the education sector. The final result of the design of this work aims to entertain in drawing learning activities at UKM Luminosus Animation. The research method used by the author is a combination research method, which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. The method of data collection conducted by the author in the form of interviews, observations, questionnaires and literature studies. The final result of designing a Virtual YouTuber character design is a limited animation, which is driven using the help of face tracking so that the character can look as if alive and can interact directly with his audience. The use of Virtual YouTubers as mascots to replace humans in the process of delivering drawing subject matter at UKM Luminosus Animation proved effectively done by the author. The relationship between teachers and students becomes more interactive during drawing learning activities. Keywords: COVID-19, Face Tracking, Learning, Virtual YouTuber.
Analisis User Interface Game “Babybus Kids” Sub Topik Penyelamat dalam Gempa menggunakan Pendekatan The Golden Rules Of User Interface Design
Authors: Bastian Henry , Yanuarsari Dzuha Hening , Sulaiman Annas Marzuki , Taufik Mohamad 
Published: February 2023

AbstrakGame BabyBus Kids memiliki banyak topik yang didalamnya terdapat sub topik penyelamat dalam gempa. Pengembang game ini sendiri berdiri pada tahun 2009 yang kemudian pada pada tahun 2022 akhir sudah diunduh sebanyak satu juta lebih dengan rating bintang 4,5. Salah satu hal positif yang bisa diambil dari pengembang game ini yakni memiliki visi atau tujuan dalam pengajaran pola pengasuhan, pertumbuhan sehat dan pengembangan otak anak. Hal menarik lainnya yang perlu dikaji dalam game ini salah satunya berupa tema, konsep interaktif dan visualisasi game tersebut dimana bisa memberikan pengalaman interaktif pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis user interface pada game Baby Bus dalam sub topik penyelamat dalam gempa menggunakan metode kuantitatif-kualitatif dengan didukung oleh observasi secara langsung terhadap anak. User interface pada game ini akan dianalisis menggunakan teori The Golden rules of user interface design dari Theo Mandel yakni menempatkan pengguna sebagai kontrol, memudahkan pengguna untuk mengingat, dan konsisten antarmuka. Luaran yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini berupa model analisis yang dirumuskan sesuai dengan ketiga prinsip dasar The Golden rules of user interface yang bermanfaat sebagai rujukan pengembangan game edukasi berikutnya. Kata Kunci: BabyBus Kids, Game, Media Edukasi Anak, User interface AbstractBabyBus Kids game has many topics with sub-topics of saviors in an earthquake. This game was founded in 2009. at the end of 2022 has been downloaded for more than 1 million with a 4.5-star rating. One of the positive things that can be taken from this game is that the game has a vision or goal of teaching parenting patterns, healthy growth, and children's brain development. Another interesting thing that needs to be studied in this game is the interactive concept and visualization, which can provide an interactive experience for children. This research aims to analyze the Baby Bus game user interface in rescuers in the earthquake safety savior earthquake subtopic using quantitative-qualitative methods supported by direct observation of children. The user interface in this game will be analyzed using Theo Mandel's theory of The Golden rules of user interface design, namely placing the user in control, making it easy for the user to remember, and having a consistent interface. The output produced in this study is in the form of an analytical model that is formulated under the three basic principles of The Golden rules of the user interface, which are helpful as a reference for the development of the following educational game. Keywords: BabyBus Kids, Children's Educational Media, Games, User interface
Listening Strategies Used by English Language Education Program Students in an Online Academic Listening Course
Authors: Erinta Elmi , Listyani Listyani 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. There has been extensive research done on learning strategies nowadays. A lot of researchers are interested to know which strategies are commonly used by EFL learners. They perceive the importance of this study. This research was therefore done to investigate the strategies used by English Language Education Program students in an online Academic Listening course. This study employed a qualitative method. To find out the answer, questionnaires that consisted of some close-ended and open-ended questions were used. The questionnaire was distributed to 34 students of the 2020 batch, who were taking an online Academic Listening class. Interviews with some students to gain further information and who had unique answers were also conducted. The results showed that in the online listening class, the students used six strategies, those were metacognitive, cognitive, memory, compensatory, social, and affective strategies. The findings also showed that metacognitive and cognitive strategies were mostly used strategies by students. Keywords: academic listening, listening strategies, online learningAbstrak. Telah banyak penelitian dilakukan terkait dengan strategi pembelajaran. Banyak peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui strategi belajar apakah yang umum digunakan oleh para siswa yang belajar Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing. Para peneliti memandang pentingnya hal ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa program Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris pada mata kuliah online Academic Listening. Data yang diambil dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Untuk mendapatkan jawaban, kuesioner yang berisi beberapa pertanyaan terbuka dan tertutup. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada 34 mahasiswa angkatan 2020, dimana mereka sedang mengambil mata kuliah tersebut. Dilakukan interview pada beberapa siswa untuk mendapat informasi mendalam dan mahasiwa dengan jawaban yang menarik atau kurang jelas. Hasil jawaban menunjukkan bahwa di kelas online Academic Listening, mahasiswa menggunakan 6 strategi yaitu metakognitif, kognitif, memori, kompensatori,sosial, dan afektif. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa metakognitif dan cognitif strategi adalah strategi yang sering digunakan mahasiswa. Kata kunci: akademik listening, strategi mendengarkan, pembelajaran online
Adding context to the pneumococcal core genes using bioinformatic analysis of the intergenic pangenome of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Nielsen Flemming Damgaard , Møller-Jensen Jakob , Jørgensen Mikkel Girke 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Whole genome sequencing offers great opportunities for linking genotypes to phenotypes aiding in our understanding of human disease and bacterial pathogenicity. However, these analyses often overlook non-coding intergenic regions (IGRs). By disregarding the IGRs, crucial information is lost, as genes have little biological function without expression.Methods/Results: In this study, we present the first complete pangenome of the important human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), spanning both the genes and IGRs. We show that the pneumococcus species retains a small core genome of IGRs that are present across all isolates. Gene expression is highly dependent on these core IGRs, and often several copies of these core IGRs are found across each genome. Core genes and core IGRs show a clear linkage as 81% of core genes are associated with core IGRs. Additionally, we identify a single IGR within the core genome that is always occupied by one of two highly distinct sequences, scattered across the phylogenetic tree.Discussion: Their distribution indicates that this IGR is transferred between isolates through horizontal regulatory transfer independent of the flanking genes and that each type likely serves different regulatory roles depending on their genetic context.
Biomechanical evaluation of a novel intervertebral disc repair technique for large box-shaped ruptures
Authors: Nie Mao-Dan , Huang Ze-Bin , Zhang Ning-Ze , Fu Ling-Jie , Cheng Cheng-Kung 
Published: February 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility of repairing a ruptured intervertebral disc using a patch secured to the inner surface of the annulus fibrosus (AF). Different material properties and geometries for the patch were evaluated.Methods: Using finite element analysis, this study created a large box-shaped rupture in the posterior-lateral region of the AF and then repaired it with a circular and square inner patch. The elastic modulus of the patches ranged from 1 to 50 MPa to determine the effect on the nucleus pulposus (NP) pressure, vertical displacement, disc bulge, AF stress, segmental range of motion (ROM), patch stress, and suture stress. The results were compared against the intact spine to determine the most suitable shape and properties for the repair patch.Results: The intervertebral height and ROM of the repaired lumbar spine was similar to the intact spine and was independent of the patch material properties and geometry. The patches with a modulus of 2–3 MPa resulted in an NP pressure and AF stresses closest to the healthy disc, and produced minimal contact pressure on the cleft surfaces and minimal stress on the suture and patch of all models. Circular patches caused lower NP pressure, AF stress and patch stress than the square patch, but also caused greater stress on the suture.Conclusion: A circular patch with an elastic modulus of 2–3 MPa secured to the inner region of the ruptured annulus fibrosus was able to immediately close the rupture and maintain an NP pressure and AF stress similar to the intact intervertebral disc. This patch had the lowest risk of complications and produced the greatest restorative effect of all patches simulated in this study.
May the force be with you: The role of hyper-mechanostability of the bone sialoprotein binding protein during early stages of Staphylococci infections
Authors: Gomes Priscila S. F. C. , Forrester Meredith , Pace Margaret , Gomes Diego E. B. , Bernardi Rafael C. 
Published: February 2023

The bone sialoprotein-binding protein (Bbp) is a mechanoactive MSCRAMM protein expressed on the surface of Staphylococcus aureus that mediates adherence of the bacterium to fibrinogen-α (Fgα), a component of the bone and dentine extracellular matrix of the host cell. Mechanoactive proteins like Bbp have key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Particularly, the Bbp: Fgα interaction is important in the formation of biofilms, an important virulence factor of pathogenic bacteria. Here, we investigated the mechanostability of the Bbp: Fgα complex using in silico single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), in an approach that combines results from all-atom and coarse-grained steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations. Our results show that Bbp is the most mechanostable MSCRAMM investigated thus far, reaching rupture forces beyond the 2 nN range in typical experimental SMFS pulling rates. Our results show that high force-loads, which are common during initial stages of bacterial infection, stabilize the interconnection between the protein’s amino acids, making the protein more “rigid”. Our data offer new insights that are crucial on the development of novel anti-adhesion strategies.
Incidence and predictors of HBV functional cure in patients with HIV/HBV coinfection: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Qingrong , Wang Hu , Jin Yi , Zhou Na , Sun Lijun , Wu Hao , Chen Haitao , Jiang Taiyi 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThis study was the first to examine the association of baseline clinical factors with the rate of HBsAg clearance in a large retrospective cohort of Chinese patients with HIV/HBV coinfection treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsOur retrospective cohort included 431 patients with HIV/HBV coinfection treated with TDF-containing ART. The median follow-up was 6.26 years. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association of baseline variables with HBsAg clearance, and Cox regression was used to investigate the association of baseline variables with time to HBsAg clearance.ResultsThe clearance rate of HBsAg in our study was 0.072 (95% CI 0.049~0.101). In the multivariate logistic regression, advanced age (OR=1.1, P=0.007), high CD4 cell count (OR=2.06, P=0.05), and HBeAg positivity (OR=8.00, P=0.009) were significantly associated with the rate of HBsAg clearance. The AUC of the model integrating the above three predictors was 0.811. Similar results were found in the multivariate Cox regression (HR = 1.09, P = 0.038 for age, HR = 1.05, P = 0.012 for CD4 count and HR = 7.00, P = 0.007 for HBeAg).ConclusionsLong-term TDF-containing ART can lead to HBsAg clearance of 7.2% in Chinese patients with HIV/HBV coinfection. Advanced age, high CD4 cell count, and positive HBeAg at baseline could be regarded as potential predictors and biological markers for HBsAg clearance in patients with HIV/HBV coinfection.
Andrographolide suppresses hypoxia-induced embryonic hyaloid vascular system development through HIF-1a/VEGFR2 signaling pathway
Authors: Jin Zhong , Guo Qiru , Wang Zheng , Wu Xiao , Hu Wangming , Li Jiali , Li Hongfei , Zhu Song , Zhang Haidi , Chen Zixian , Xu Huan , Shi Liangqin , Yang Lan , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionOcular abnormalities and the development of retinal vasculature may cause postnatal retinopathy. In the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in identifying the mechanisms that regulate retina vasculature. However, the means of regulating embryonic hyaloid vasculature development is largely unknown. This study aims to determine whether and how andrographolide regulates embryonic hyaloid vasculature development.MethodsMurine embryonic retinas were used in this study. Whole mount isolectin B4 (IB4) staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence staining (IF) were performed to determine whether andrographolide is critical for embryonic hyaloid vasculature development. BrdU incorporation assay, Boyden chamber migration assay, spheroid sprouting assay, and Matrigel-based tube formation assay were performed to evaluate whether andrographolide regulates the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. Molecular docking simulation and Co-immunoprecipitation assay were used to observe protein interaction.ResultsHypoxia conditions exist in murine embryonic retinas. Hypoxia induces HIF-1a expression; high-expressed HIF-1a interacts with VEGFR2, resulting in the activation of the VEGF signaling pathway. Andrographolide suppresses hypoxia-induced HIF-1a expression and, at least in part, interrupts the interaction between HIF-1a and VEGFR2, causing inhibiting endothelial proliferation and migration, eventually inhibiting embryonic hyaloid vasculature development.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that andrographolide plays a critical role in regulating embryonic hyaloid vasculature development.
Lithospheric thinning beneath the Tengchong volcanic field, Southern China: Insight from Cenozoic calc-alkaline basalts
Authors: Chen Kefei , Liu Shaolin , Yang Dinghui , Xu Xiwei , Wu Yadong , Yang Shuang , Yang Shuxin , Zhang Haodong 
Published: February 2023

The Tengchong Cenozoic volcanic field lies in SE margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The basalts of the Tengchong field exhibit evident spatial-temporal variations, but consensus on their meaning has not been reached yet. In this study, we collected basalts from western, central and eastern areas in the Tengchong volcanic field and measured the whole-rock and olivine major and trace elements of basalts. Tengchong basalts exhibit remarkable chemical and isotopic diversity, showing a strong correlation with eruption locations and ages. Specifically, basalts in the western and eastern areas (formed at 7.2–2.8 Ma) are characterized by high 87Sr/86Sr and low 3He/4He ratios, while those in the central area (formed at 0.6–0.02 Ma) feature low 87Sr/86Sr and high 3He/4He ratios. Based on the temperature- and pressure-dependent elemental partition coefficients, this phenomenon is interpreted as mainly caused by the difference in lithospheric thickness among these areas. On the one hand, the estimated primary magmas in the eastern and western areas show higher SiO2, Na2O, (La/Sm)N, Hf/Lu and Ba/Zr ratios than those in the central area. On the other hand, the Ni contents in olivine phenocrysts are higher in the western and eastern areas than in the central area. As different amounts of extension result in different degrees of decompression of the asthenosphere, finally influencing the compositional variation of magmas, these results indicate that the lithosphere in the eastern and western areas is thicker than that in the central area. In addition, basalts erupted in the eastern and western areas are older than those in the central area, suggesting lithospheric thinning. We propose that lithospheric extension due to slab rollback may have caused lithospheric thinning. In addition, according to the different deformation modes of the crust and lithospheric mantle, our study supports mantle-crust decoupling south of ∼26°N in SE margin of the Tibetan Plateau.
Relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism of NOS2 gene and inheritance of allergic rhinitis in children
Authors: Wu Xionghui , Zhao Sijun , Huang Weiqing , Huang Min , Xie Jiang , Liu Guangliang , Chang Shuting 
Published: February 2023

Allergic rhinitis is a common chronic disease, and its high incidence has a great negative impact on the quality of life of many people, especially children. In this paper, through in-depth analysis of NOS2 gene polymorphism, the protective mechanism of NOS2 gene against AR was studied to provide theoretical and scientific basis for the diagnosis of children with AR. It was concluded that the concentration of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in rs2297516 was 0.24 IU/mL compared with that in normal children. rs3794766 specific IgE concentration in the children group was increased by 0.36 IU/mL, which was higher than that in the healthy children group; the difference of rs7406657 specific IgE concentration between the children group and the healthy group was 0.03 IU/mL. The total serum IgE concentration in the healthy children group was lower than that in the infant group, and the change of Rs3794766 was the least, followed by rs2297516 and rs7406657. This means that rs7406657 is the highest, rs2297516 had general genetic correlation with AR patients, and rs3794766 had the least genetic correlation with AR patients. Among the three groups of SNP loci, the healthy children group was higher than the patient children group, indicating that AR reduces the gene frequency of the three loci, and the reduction of gene frequency will also increase the susceptibility of children to AR, because the frequency of gene occurrence will affect the gene sequence. In conclusion, smart medicine and gene SNPS can promote the detection and treatment of AR.
Diarrhetic shellfish toxins production appears to be driven by photosynthesis and phosphate–revealed by different light-adapted strains of Prorocentrum lima complex and P. caipirignum
Authors: Chen Heng , Huang Kaixuan , Guan Wanchun , Zhang Hua , Liu Shasha , Lu Songhui 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionDiarrhetic shellfish toxins (DST) harm shellfish aquaculture and endanger human health, and include well-known marine dinoflagellate-produced toxins such as okadaic acid (OA) and analogues, such as dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1). Toxin-producing species have different toxin profiles and contents, with unclear interactions, with the toxins hypothesized to be produced under stress conditions.MethodsFive morphotypes of Prorocentrum lima complex, a well-studied DST-producing species with remarkable phylogenetic variability, were chosen and exposed to three distinct light conditions (photosynthetic active radiation, PAR; PAR+UVA; PAR+UVA and UVB) for 18 or 24 days.Results and discussionThe studied morphotypes were classified as either light-sensitive (LS) or light-tolerant (LT) types based on their light responses and varying abilities to produce DTX-1 across three orders of magnitude (0.001-1 pg cell-1 d-1, abbreviated as LL, ML, and HL in order of rank). All toxin production rates (Rtox) initially increased and then decreased, with the first peaks varying between days 3 to 12. The results of earlier peaks in LL and ML and a linear correlation between Rtox values for OA and DTX-1 in HL indicated that the two compounds may be competitive. When light conditions initially altered, Rtox was either stagnant or negative under all light treatments in the LS cohort, and with UV addition in LT, which subsequently delayed the early peaks. The Rtox data for DTX-1 all demonstrated earlier and higher peaks with UVA addition in LL and ML. Likewise, their growth was facilitated following the addition of UVA light. Therefore, Rtox of pre-peaks is relevant to photosynthetic status and photoprotection ability. As decreasing Rtox data points corresponded closely with phosphate depletion, the phosphate consumption rate was calculated and shown to be linearly or exponentially associated with all downward Rtox. This study proposes a supply-demand link between photosynthetic products and phosphate with DST biosynthesis, inferring a likely competitive interaction between OA and DTX-1 production.
X-Ray Diffraction Contrast Tomography for Probing Hydrogen Embrittlement in Heat-Treated Lean Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Eguchi Kenichiro , Burnett Timothy L. , Engelberg Dirk L. 
Published: February 2023

Laboratory-based diffraction contrast tomography (DCT) was applied to heat-treated lean duplex stainless steel (DSS) to observe microstructural changes by hydrogen infusion treatment. The feasibility of the DCT technique for the in situ assessment of a dual-phase material with exposure to aqueous solution was investigated, with DCT observations carried out before and after cathodic hydrogen charging. The movement of diffraction spots was observed after charging for 7 days, which cannot be explained by sample lateral movements. An experimental method to apply the DCT techniques for investigating the hydrogen–microstructure interaction is introduced here, but a more accurate experimental methodology is required to verify that the movement of diffraction spot derives from lattice parameter changes.