bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial levels of β-amyloid and tau deposition have distinct effects on longitudinal tau accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cai Yue , Du Jing , Li Anqi , Zhu Yalin , Xu Linsen , Sun Kun , Ma Shaohua , Guo Tengfei ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
To better assist with the design of future clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and aid in our understanding of the disease’s symptomatology, it is essential to clarify what roles β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles play in longitudinal tau accumulation inside and outside the medial temporal lobe (MTL) as well as how age, sex, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 (APOE-ε4), and Klotho-VS heterozygosity (KL-VShet) modulate these relationships.

Methods
We divided the 325 Aβ PET-positive (A+) participants into two groups, A+/T− (N = 143) and A+/T+ (N = 182), based on the threshold (1.25) of the temporal meta-ROI 18F-flortaucipir (FTP) standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR). We then compared the baseline and slopes of A+/T− and A+/T+ individuals’ Aβ plaques and temporal meta-ROI tau tangles with those of A−/T− cognitively unimpaired individuals (N = 162) without neurodegeneration. In addition, we looked into how baseline Aβ and tau may predict longitudinal tau increases and how age, sex, APOE-ε4, and KL-VShet affect these associations.

Results
In entorhinal, amygdala, and parahippocampal (early tau-deposited regions of temporal meta-ROI), we found that baseline Aβ and tau deposition were positively linked to more rapid tau increases in A+/T− participants. However, in A+/T+ individuals, the longitudinal tau accumulation in fusiform, inferior temporal, and middle temporal cortices (late tau-deposited regions of temporal meta-ROI) was primarily predicted by the level of tau tangles. Furthermore, compared to older participants (age ≥ 65), younger individuals (age < 65) exhibited faster Aβ-dependent but slower tau-related tau accumulations. Additionally, compared to the KL-VShet− group, KL-VShet+ individuals showed a significantly lower rate of tau accumulation associated with baseline entorhinal tau in fusiform and inferior temporal regions.

Conclusion
These findings offer novel perspectives to the design of AD clinical trials and aid in understanding the tau accumulation inside and outside MTL in AD. In particular, decreasing Aβ plaques might be adequate for A+/T− persons but may not be sufficient for A+/T+ individuals in preventing tau propagation and subsequent downstream pathological changes associated with tau.
Importance of continuing health care before emergency hospital evacuation: a fatal case of a hospitalized patient in a hospital within 5 km radius of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: a case report
Authors: Yoshida Makoto , Sawano Toyoaki , Kobashi Yurie , Hori Arinobu , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Ozaki Akihiko , Nonaka Saori , Tsuboi Motohiro , Tsubokura Masaharu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
After a disaster, it is essential to maintain the health care supply levels to minimize the health impact on vulnerable populations. During the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, hospitals within a 20 km radius were forced to make an immediate evacuation, causing a wide range of short- and long-term health problems. However, there is limited information on how the disaster disrupted the continuity of health care for hospitalized patients in the acute phase of the disaster.

Case presentation
An 86-year-old Japanese man who needed central venous nutrition, oxygen administration, care to prevent pressure ulcers, skin and suctioning care of the trachea, and full assistance in the basic activities of daily living had been admitted to a hospital within 5 km radius of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and experienced Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. After the accident, the hospital faced a manpower shortage associated with hospital evacuation, environmental changes caused by infrastructure and medical supply disruptions, and the difficulty of evacuating seriously ill patients. As a result, antibiotics and suction care for aspiration pneumonia could not be appropriately provided to the patient due to lack of caregivers and infrastructure shortages. The patient died before his evacuation was initiated, in the process of hospital evacuation.

Conclusions
This case illustrates that decline in health care supply levels to hospitalized patients before evacuation during the acute phase of a radiation-released disaster may lead to patient fatalities. It is important to maintain the health care supply level even in such situations as the radiation-released disaster; otherwise, patients may experience negative health effects.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict failure of 14-day negative nucleic acid conversion in adults with non-severe COVID-19 during the Omicron surge: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Gui Honglian , Zhang Zhenglan , Chen Bin , Chen Yaoxing , Wang Yue , Long Zhuo , Zhu Chuanwu , Wang Yinling , Cao Zhujun , Xie Qing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
With the variability in emerging data, guidance on the isolation duration for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the Omicron variant is controversial. This study aimed to determine the predictors of prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with non-severe COVID-19 and construct a nomogram to predict patients at risk of 14-day PCR conversion failure.

Methods
Adult patients with non-severe COVID-19 were enrolled from three hospitals of eastern China in Spring 2022. Viral shedding time (VST) was defined as either the day of the first positive test or the day of symptom onset, whichever was earlier, to the date of the first of two consecutively negative PCR tests. Patients from one hospital (Cohort I, n = 2033) were randomly grouped into training and internal validation sets. Predictors of 14-day PCR conversion failure were identified and a nomogram was developed by multivariable logistic regression using the training dataset. Two hospitals (Cohort II, n = 1596) were used as an external validation set to measure the performance of this nomogram.

Results
Of the 2033 patients from Cohort I, the median VST was 13.0 (interquartile range: 10.0‒16.0) days; 716 (35.2%) lasted > 14 days. In the training set, increased age [per 10 years, odds ratio (OR) = 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15‒1.45, P < 0.001] and high Charlson comorbidity index (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08‒1.46, P = 0.004) were independent risk factors for VST > 14 days, whereas full or boosted vaccination (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42‒0.95, P = 0.028) and antiviral therapy (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.31‒0.96, P = 0.040) were protective factors. These predictors were used to develop a nomogram to predict VST > 14 days, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.73 in the training set (AUC, 0.74 in internal validation set; 0.76 in external validation set).

Conclusions
Older age, increasing comorbidities, incomplete vaccinations, and lack of antiviral therapy are risk factors for persistent infection with Omicron variant for > 14 days. A nomogram based on these predictors could be used as a prediction tool to guide treatment and isolation strategies.

Graphical Abstract
Sea ice directs changes in bowhead whale phenology through the Bering Strait
Authors: Szesciorka Angela R. , Stafford Kathleen M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundClimate change is warming the Arctic faster than the rest of the planet. Shifts in whale migration timing have been linked to climate change in temperate and sub-Arctic regions, and evidence suggests Bering–Chukchi–Beaufort (BCB) bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) might be overwintering in the Canadian Beaufort Sea.MethodsWe used an 11-year timeseries (spanning 2009–2021) of BCB bowhead whale presence in the southern Chukchi Sea (inferred from passive acoustic monitoring) to explore relationships between migration timing and sea ice in the Chukchi and Bering Seas.ResultsFall southward migration into the Bering Strait was delayed in years with less mean October Chukchi Sea ice area and earlier in years with greater sea ice area (p = 0.04, r2 = 0.40). Greater mean October–December Bering Sea ice area resulted in longer absences between whales migrating south in the fall and north in the spring (p < 0.01, r2 = 0.85). A stepwise shift after 2012–2013 shows some whales are remaining in southern Chukchi Sea rather than moving through the Bering Strait and into the northwestern Bering Sea for the winter. Spring northward migration into the southern Chukchi Sea was earlier in years with less mean January–March Chukchi Sea ice area and delayed in years with greater sea ice area (p < 0.01, r2 = 0.82).ConclusionsAs sea ice continues to decline, northward spring-time migration could shift earlier or more bowhead whales may overwinter at summer feeding grounds. Changes to bowhead whale migration could increase the overlap with ships and impact Indigenous communities that rely on bowhead whales for nutritional and cultural subsistence.
The association of dietary glycemic index and glycemic load with the risk of insomnia in the adult population
Authors: Farhadnejad Hossein , Sadat Samaneh , Jahromi Mitra Kazemi , Teymoori Farshad , Tehrani Asal Neshatbini , Mokhtari Ebrahim , Teymouri Hossein , Mirmiran Parvin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
A dietary pattern with a high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) can be a precursor to sleep disorders that link to many chronic diseases. We aimed to assess the association of dietary GI and GL with the risk of insomnia in Iranian adults.

Methods
A total of 111 newly diagnosed insomnia cases and 333 controls aged 18–60 years were included in this case–control study. The participants’ dietary intakes were collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The diagnosis of insomnia in subjects was performed by a neurologist using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for the potential confounders, were used to determine the risk of insomnia according to tertiles of dietary glycemic indices.

Results
The mean (SD) age and BMI of the study population (78.6% female) were 31.8 (10.0) years and 24.70 (3.62) kg/m2, respectively. The median (IQR) of dietary GI and GL in subjects was 62.7 (57.0–68.6) and 213.5(167.4–268.5), respectively. Based on the multivariable-adjusted model, after controlling for age, sex, physical activity, obesity, smoking, socioeconomic score, general health questionnaire (GHQ) score, and dietary energy intake, the odds of insomnia were increased across tertiles of dietary GL[(OR:2.72,95%CI:1.10–6.70),(Ptrend = 0.017)], however, no significant association was observed between high GI diet and insomnia risk [(OR:1.38,95%CI:0.77–2.47),(Ptrend = 0.298)].

Conclusions
Our results revealed that greater adherence to dietary pattern with high GL could be increased the odds of insomnia in Iranian adults.
Understanding the contemporary high obesity rate from an evolutionary genetic perspective
Authors: Wu Tong , Xu Shuhua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe topic of obesity is gaining increasing popularity globally. From an evolutionary genetic perspective, it is believed that the main cause of the high obesity rate is the mismatch between environment and genes after people have shifted toward a modern high-calorie diet. However, it has been debated for over 60 years about how obesity-related genes become prevalent all over the world. Here, we review the three most influential hypotheses or viewpoints, i.e., the thrifty gene hypothesis, the drifty gene hypothesis, and the maladaptation viewpoint. In particular, genome-wide association studies in the recent 10 years have provided rich findings and evidence to be considered for a better understanding of the evolutionary genetic mechanisms of obesity. We anticipate this brief review to direct further studies and inspire the future application of precision medicine in obesity treatment.
Optimally Scheduling Heterogeneous Impatient Customers
Authors: Bassamboo Achal , Randhawa Ramandeep , Wu Chenguang (Allen) 
Published: February 2023

Problem definition: We study scheduling multi-class impatient customers in parallel server queueing systems. At the time of arrival, customers are identified as being one of many classes, and the class represents the service and patience time distributions as well as cost characteristics. From the system’s perspective, customers of the same class at time of arrival get differentiated on their residual patience time as they wait in queue. We leverage this property and propose two novel and easy-to-implement multi-class scheduling policies. Academic/practical relevance: Scheduling multi-class impatient customers is an important and challenging topic, especially when customers’ patience times are nonexponential. In these contexts, even for customers of the same class, processing them under the first-come, first-served (FCFS) policy is suboptimal. This is because, at time of arrival, the system only knows the overall patience distribution from which a customer’s patience value is drawn, and as time elapses, the estimate of the customer’s residual patience time can be further updated. For nonexponential patience distributions, such an update indeed reveals additional information, and using this information to implement within-class prioritization can lead to additional benefits relative to the FCFS policy. Methodology: We use fluid approximations to analyze the multi-class scheduling problem with ideas borrowed from convex optimization. These approximations are known to perform well for large systems, and we use simulations to validate our proposed policies for small systems. Results: We propose a multi-class time-in-queue policy that prioritizes both across customer classes and within each class using a simple rule and further show that most of the gains of such a policy can be achieved by deviating from within-class FCFS for at most one customer class. In addition, for systems with exponential patience times, our policy reduces to a simple priority-based policy, which we prove is asymptotically optimal for Markovian systems with an optimality gap that does not grow with system scale. Managerial implications: Our work provides managers ways of improving quality of service to manage parallel server queueing systems. We propose easy-to-implement policies that perform well relative to reasonable benchmarks. Our work also adds to the academic literature on multi-class queueing systems by demonstrating the joint benefits of cross- and within-class prioritization. Funding: A. Bassamboo received financial support from the National Science Foundation [Grant CMMI 2006350]. C. (A.) Wu received financial support from the Hong Kong General Research Fund [Early Career Scheme, Project 26206419]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1190 .
From Refuse to Reuse: How Much do Consumers Know about the Reclaimed Lumber Industry?
Authors: Montague Iris , Craig Mia , Shmulsky Rubin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wood has thousands of uses and the industry plays an important role in the US economy. There are many sectors within the industry such as the lumber, engineered wood products, pulp and paper products, and reclaimed lumber sectors. However, most consumers are unaware of the importance and the diversity of the industry. Reclaimed lumber is one particular sector that can have a great economic and environmental impact among communities. In 2021, an online survey was conducted to assess consumer knowledge of the reclaimed lumber sector and perceptions and attitudes toward the sector and reclaimed lumber products. Of the 1,516 respondents, 59 percent indicated being somewhat knowledgeable of the wood products industry but only 44 percent felt they were knowledgeable of reclaimed lumber. Caucasian and male respondents were more likely to indicate they were knowledgeable. Although respondents had somewhat negative responses toward the environmentally friendliness of the industry, their responses toward the environmental and economic benefits of reclaimed lumber products were positive. The information obtained from this study will be beneficial to companies that are interested in creating strategies to market new or innovative products to reach new or existing customers.
Factors associated with modern contraceptives uptake during the first year after birth in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jima Gebi Husein , Kaso Muhammedawel Kaso , Biesma-Blanco R. G. , Sendekie Tegbar Yigzaw , Stekelenburg J. 
Published: February 2023

Though postpartum family planning helps women to achieve the recommended birth interval before next pregnancy, its utilization in Ethiopia is low. Understanding drivers and barriers is key to improve postpartum family planning uptake. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to analyze and summarize predictors of postpartum family planning uptake, during the first year after birth, in Ethiopia. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies published in English before April 16, 2021. We searched electronic sources like PubMed, MEDLINE, CINHAL Embase, Google and supplemented it with manual search. Two reviewers appraised independently the studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute Quality Assessment Tool for the observational studies. Data synthesis and analysis were conducted using Review Manager Version 5.3. The Cochrane Q test statistic and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity among the included studies. A random-effects and fixed effect model were used to calculate pooled Odds Ratio and its 95% CI. A total of 22 studies were included in the review. Better educational status of women[OR = 2.60; 95% CI: 2.15, 3.14], women’s marital status [OR = 4.70; 95% CI: 1.51, 14.60], resumption of sexual intercourse [OR = 6.22; 95% CI: 3.01, 12.86], menses return [OR = 3.72; 95% CI: 1.98, 6.99], PPFP discussion with partner [OR = 2.53; 95% CI: 2.00, 3.20], women’s previous PPFP information [OR = 4.93; 95% CI: 2.26, 10.76], PPFP counseling during ANC [OR = 3.95; 95% CI: 2.50, 6.23], having PNC [OR = 4.22; 95% CI: 2.80, 6.34], having experience of modern contraceptive use [OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.62, 5.19], facility birth [OR = 6.70; 95% CI: 3.15, 14.25], and longer interval after last delivery [OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.43] were significantly associated with modern contraceptive uptake during postpartum period. Our systematic review identified modifiable factors and estimated their association with PPFP uptake. Since most of these factors are related to reproductive health characteristics and MNCH services, integrating PPFP into MNCH services particularly at primary health care unit may improve contraceptive uptake during postpartum period.
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO: 2020: CRD42020159470.
Physiological response to self-compassion versus relaxation in a clinical population
Authors: Naismith Iona , Otto Scheiber Clara Sophie , Gonzalez Rodriguez Daniela , Petrocchi Nicola 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCompassion-focused imagery (CFI) can be an effective emotion-regulation technique but can create threat-focused responses in some individuals. However, these findings have been based on tasks involving receiving compassion from others.AimsThis study sought to compare responses CFI involvingself-compassion to relaxation and a control task, and to see whether any threat-responses to self-compassion and relaxation decrease with practice.Method25 participants with depression/anxiety symptoms and high self-criticism and/or low self-compassion engaged in three tasks (control task, relaxation imagery, and CFI) at three or four separate testing sessions, every three days. Heart-rate variability (HRV) was used to explore group-level differences between tasks. Additionally, we identified how many individuals showed a clinically significant change in HRV in response to compassion (compared to baseline) and how many showed such a change during relaxation (compared to baseline).ResultsDuring session 1, more individuals had a clinically significant increase in HRV in response to CFI (56%) than in response to relaxation (44%), and fewer had a clinically significant decrease in HRV during CFI (16%) than during relaxation (28%). Comparing the group as a whole, no significant differences between tasks were seen. Repeated sessions led to fewer positive responses to CFI, perhaps reflecting habituation/boredom.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest thatin high self-critics (those most likely to find self-compassion difficult), self-compassionate imagery is no more challenging than standard relaxation tasks. For both compassion and relaxation, some individuals respond positively and others negatively. For those who are not benefiting, practice alone isnotsufficient to improve response. Effects may differ for other compassion tasks.Trial registrationTrial number:NCT04647318.
The accuracy of an electronic nose to diagnose tuberculosis in patients referred to an expert centre
Authors: Coronel Teixeira Rosarito , Gómez Luis , González Eva , Jiménez de Romero Nilda , González Felipe , Aguirre Sarita , Boeree Martin , Janssen Robin , Magis-Escurra Cecile 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
An electronic nose (eNose) device has shown a high specificity and sensitivity to diagnose or rule out tuberculosis (TB) in the past. The aim of this study was to evaluate its performance in patients referred to INERAM.

Methods
Patients aged ≥15 years were included. A history, physical examination, chest radiography (CRX) and microbiological evaluation of a sputum sample were performed in all participants, as well as a 5-minute breath test with the eNose. TB diagnosis was preferably established by the gold standard and compared to the eNose predictions. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess potential risk factors for erroneous classification results by the eNose.

Results
107 participants with signs and symptoms of TB were enrolled of which 91 (85.0%) were diagnosed with TB. The blind eNose predictions resulted in an accuracy of 50%; a sensitivity of 52.3% (CI 95%: 39.6–64.7%) and a specificity of 36.4% (CI 95%: 12.4–68.4%). Risk factors for erroneous classifications by the eNose were older age (multivariate analysis: OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.10–2.18, p = 0.012) and antibiotic use (multivariate analysis: OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.06–9.66, p = 0.040).

Conclusion
In this study, the accuracy of the eNose to diagnose TB in a tertiary referral hospital was only 50%. The use of antibiotics and older age represent important factors negatively influencing the diagnostic accuracy of the eNose. Therefore, its use should probably be restricted to screening in high-risk communities in less complex healthcare settings.
Local genius Tradisi Pembuatan Perahu Masyarakat Bontobahari sebagai Spirit Kebudayaan Maritim Nusantara
Authors: Madani Fitria Nugrah 
Published: February 2023

Sejarah maritim Nusantara tidak terlepas dari eksistensi Local genius yang berkembang di Indonesia termasuk pada masyarakat pesisir. Local genius dalam dunia maritim Nusantara tercermin pada aktivitas yang digiatkan oleh industri pembuatan perahu dan pelayaran. Salah satu daerah dengan masyarakat yang memiliki Local genius dalam keahlian pembuatan perahu yang kemudian menjadi sentra industri pembuatan perahu terbesar di Indonesia, bahkan di dunia adalah di Kec. Bontobahari, Kab, Bululkumba, Sulawesi Selatan. Dalam penelitian ini ingin menelusuri sejarah, unsur dan spririt budaya maritim dalam tradisi pembuatan perahu sebagai local genius masyarakat Bontobahari. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi langsung dan teknik wawancara. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tradisi pembuatan perahu pada masyarakat konjo pesisir di Bontobahari merupakan suatu aktifitas budaya yang khas sebagai Local Genius. Spirit budaya maritim masyarakatt Bontobahari tercermin dalam aktivitas pembuatan perahu menjadi identitas khas bagi masyarakat Bontobahari.