bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Expression of HPVE7 oncoprotein correlates with a reduced level of pRb proteins via high viral load in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Mir Bilal Ahmad , Ahmad Arif , Farooq Nighat , Priya M. Vishnu , Siddiqui A. H. , Asif M. , Manzoor Rouquia , Ishqi Hassan Mubarak , Alomar Suliman Y , Rahaman P.F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of sexually transmitted diseases and causes a wide range of pathologies including cervical carcinoma. Integration of the HR-HPV DNA into the host genome plays a crucial role in cervical carcinoma. An alteration of the pRb pathways by the E7 proteins is one of the mechanisms that’s account for the transforming capacity of high-risk papillomavirus. For the proper understanding of the underline mechanism of the progression of the disease, the present study investigate the correlation of concentration of host pRb protein, viral E7 oncoprotein and viral load in early and advanced stages of cervical carcinoma. It was found that the viral load in early stages (stage I & II) was less (log10 transformed mean value 2.6 and 3.0) compared to advanced stages (stage III & IV) (Log10 transformed value 5.0 and 5.8) having high expression of HPV E7 onco-protein and reduced level of pRb protein, signifying the role of viral load and expression level of E7 oncoprotein in the progression of cervical cancer.
Selective green leafy vegetables and their synergistic combination approach as natural anti-diabetic agents: therapeutic potential
Authors: Maser Wahyu Haryati , Venkatachalam Karthikeyan , Rai Amit Kumar , Karuturi Subrahmanyam , Bavisetty Sri Charan Bindu , Ali Ali Muhammed Moula 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examined the antidiabetic potential and antioxidant properties of ten green leafy vegetables (GLVs) using in-vitro tests for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase inhibition (AGI, AAI, and LPI, respectively). To extract metabolites, 80% ethanol was used, and the resulting crude extract was examined for total phenolic content (TPC) and bioactivities. Of all the samples tested, A. cepa had the highest AGI activity at 595.28 mg ACE/g extract, 25 times greater than the sample with the lowest activity. During the AAI activity, A. fistulosum exhibited the highest inhibition of 36.73 mg ACE/g extract, surpassing all other samples. Meanwhile, P. crispumdemonstrated the highest LPI with an inhibition of 31.07%. Among antioxidant activities, DPPH activity was substantial, while metal chelating and FRAP activities were moderate. The results of studies combining A. cepa, A. fistulosum, and A. graveolens L. in equal proportions revealed the most effective combination for inhibiting all enzymes, even though the TPC remained uniform in all combinations. The mechanism of inhibition observed with A. cepa was non-competitive, whereas the combination of A. cepa, A. fistulosum, and A. graveolens L. (combination-1)displayed competitive inhibition, similar to that of acarbose. FTIR was used to identify the functional groups from all the samples. GC-MS results indicated that mannitol, myo-inositol, succinic acid, and propanoic acid were likely responsible for the antidiabetic activity. This research about the potential of GLVs as oral agents for treating T2DM could be critical in managing diabetes and developing functional food to prevent T2DM.
Mixed signals of environmental change and a trend towards ecological contraction in ground vegetation across different forest types
Authors: Kermavnar Janez , Kutnar Lado 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Forest ground vegetation (GV) may serve as an early warning system for anthropogenic global-change impacts on temperate forests. Climate warming induce decline of cool-adapted species to the benefit of more thermophilous plants. Nitrogen deposition has been documented to potentially result in eutrophication, which can increase the proportion of species with higher nutrient requirements. Abiotic forest disturbances are changing the light and soil conditions and temporal vegetation dynamics may be altered by deer browsing. In this resurvey study, we tested the magnitude and direction of change in GV at different forest types (11 monitoring sites and 174 permanent vegetation plots within the ICP-Forests network) in Slovenia over 15 years (2004/05–2019/2020). Using the plant-derived characteristics (Ellenberg-type indicator values) and by testing a priori predictions concerning expected effects of environmental drivers, we show that the magnitude and direction of floristic changes varied greatly between forest sites. Divergent response of GV at different sites resulted in low net change and overall weak environmental signal. Sites positioned at the ends of the gradients are losing their original ecological character and are becoming more similar to mid-gradient sites which exhibited smaller changes. Shifts towards the middle of the gradients (process of ecological contraction) was driven by the decline of ecological specialists and their replacement by species with greater ecological amplitudes. Our results point to the importance of local stand dynamics in explaining the temporal trends in GV. Ground vegetation in Slovenian forests is changing in directions dictated by multiple local, regional and global change drivers.
Short milking tube thermogram analysis: an indicator of sub-clinical mastitis identification in Murrah buffaloes
Authors: Lal Gayathri S , Bhakat Mukesh , Mohanty T. K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Early detection of sub-clinical mastitis via thermogram analysis by using a part of the milking machine without disturbing the dairy animal can be a milestone in precision farming. In the present study, thermal images of the short milking tube of milking machine representing four udder quarters independently attached to a milking animal, along with pre- and post-milking udder and teat thermograms were taken using a hand-held digital infrared thermal camera (DarviDTL007) during morning milking of lactating Murrah buffaloes (n = 132) to assess the sub-clinical mastitis status. California mastitis test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC) of milk samples were carried out to screen the udder quarters as healthy, sub-clinical (SCM), and clinical mastitis (CM). The thermograms revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of 2.19 and 3.72ºC in the mean values of short-milking-tube (SMT) surface temperature among SCM and CM quarters compared to healthy quarters, respectively. The mean values of udder skin surface temperature (USST) for pre-milking, milking, and post-milking of SCM and CM compared to healthy quarters showed significant increase (p < 0.05) of 2.17, 1.96 and 1.61ºC and 3.11, 2.88 and 2.73ºC, respectively. Similarly, the mean values of teat skin surface temperature (TSST) for pre-milking and post-milking of SCM and CM compared to healthy quarters showed an increase of 2.12 and 1.66ºC; and 3.07 and 2.45ºC, respectively. Also, CMT and SCC results showed strong positive correlation (r = 0.68–0.91, p < 0.01) with all the thermographic parameters. Thus, thermograms of SMT alone can be used as an efficient detection tool in assessing SCM among Murrah buffaloes.
Impact of Freeze-Thawing, Cell Collection, and Laser Irradiation Cycles on Mosaicism Occurrence in Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
Authors: Takeuchi Kazuhiro , Kuwatsuru Yukari , Kuroki Yuko , Fukumoto Yumiko , Tokudome Mari , Moewaki Harue , Iwakawa Tokiko , Mizobe Yamato 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, various opinions exist regarding the handling of mosaic embryos. This study aimed to investigate the impact of freeze-thawing, number of cells obtained, and number of laser irradiation cycles on the degree of embryonic mosaicism. There were 3 parts to the study. First, we classified specimens into thaw-biopsy (TB) (17 patients, 49 blastocysts) and nonthawed (B) (119 patients, 304 blastocysts) groups. In Study I, groups TB and B were classified into four categories (euploidy, low mosaic, high mosaic, and aneuploidy) according to next-generation sequencing (NGS) results, and the number of cells collected and laser irradiation cycles were compared for each category. In Study II, the effects of differences in the number of cells collected and laser irradiation cycles on NGS results were investigated in groups TB and B. Lastly, in Study III, the data on cell collection and laser irradiation cycles and NGS analysis results were compared between groups. In Studies I and II, no intergroup differences were observed. In Study III, group TB had a significantly higher incidence of chromosomal mosaicism than group B. Interestingly, group TB showed a significantly higher rate of low degree mosaicism than group B. Neither the number of cells collected norlaser irradiation cycles affected the percentage of chromosomal mosaicism. However, the freeze-thaw process increased the occurrence of mosaicism.
Positional relationships between a tracheal diverticulum and the tracheal tube under general anesthesia: a single-center observational and simulation study
Authors: Mitsuzawa Kunihiro , Kumagai Tsukasa , Uchida Haruo , Shimizu Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Incomplete sealing of tracheal diverticula by a tracheal tube cuff during positive-pressure ventilation causes barotrauma but the concrete possibility of incomplete sealing has not been indicated.
We aimed to assess the possibility of incomplete sealing in a simulated situation of tracheal intubation for patients with tracheal diverticula with tube fixation where the tracheal tube’s vocal cord guide overlaps with the patient’s vocal cord.
Methods
We retrospectively assessed the characteristics of tracheal diverticula based on thoracic computed tomography data in our institution from January 2018 to July 2020. Then, we assessed the structural parameters of three single-lumen tracheal tubes (Parker Flex-Tip [Parker Medical, Bridgewater, CT, USA], Portex Soft Seal [ICU Medical, San Clemente, CA, USA], and Shiley TaperGuard [Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland]; 6.0–8.0 mm inner diameter size) and simulated the positional relationships between tracheal diverticula and the tracheal tube during tracheal intubation where the vocal cord guide overlaps with the patient’s vocal cord. We assessed each tube product’s possibility of incompletely sealing tracheal diverticula and the possibility of unintended bronchial intubation.
Results
In 5,854 patients, the prevalence of tracheal diverticula was 5.7%. The mean (SD) length from the vocal cord to the distal end of the tracheal diverticula was 52.2 (12.8) mm. Tracheal tubes with length from the distal end of the tracheal cuff to the vocal cord guide of ≥70 mm had a low risk of incompletely sealing tracheal diverticula (<5%) and length from the distal end of the tube to the vocal cord guide of ≤95 mm had a low risk of unintended bronchial intubation (<5%). No products in this study satisfied both outcomes.
Conclusions
Tube fixation, where the vocal cord guide overlaps with the patient’s vocal cord, is associated with risk of incompletely sealing of tracheal diverticula depending on the tube’s manufacturer and tube’s inner diameter size, although it was not a high risk. The use of small inner diameter sized tube relative to patient’s body size is high risk of incomplete sealing of tracheal diverticula.
Trial registration
This trial was prospectively registered at University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN). Clinical trial number and registry URL: UMIN000043317 (URL: https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048055)
BST2 is an immune-related prognostic biomarker for glioma
Authors: He Mingliang , Zhang Bohong , Ouyang Leping , Li Shuai , Liu Anmin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Glioma is the most common brain cancer. Research has indicated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the proliferation, invasion, and treatment response of tumors. However, the role of TME in glioma remains unclear. Here, we try to identify a TME-related gene in glioma that can predict prognosis.
Methods
The transcriptome data and corresponding clinical data of 701 glioma samples were downloaded from the TCGA database. The transcriptome data of normal samples were obtained from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. R software and R packages were used to perform statistical analysis, calculation of TME scores, survival analysis, Cox regression analysis, and functional enrichment analyses. GSEA software was used to perform Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed using Cytoscape software. The protein expression level of BST2 was detected by immunohistochemistry.
Results
By gene differential expression analysis based on TME scores, we obtained two sets of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively, followed by intersection analysis, we obtained shared DEGs. By univariate Cox regression analysis and PPI network analysis of the shared DEGs, we obtained a prognostic gene set and hub gene set, respectively, followed by intersection analysis, we obtained three hub genes associated with prognosis, including BST2, CCL2, and RSAD2. Subsequent analyses were focused on BST2. Compared with normal samples, BST2 expression was higher in glioma samples. Moreover, BST2 expression was positively correlated with pathological grades and was negatively correlated with overall survival time (OS). Consistently, a validation cohort of 42 glioma patients further verified the upregulation of BST2 and its influence on prognosis. Mechanistically, the result of GSEA indicated that BST2 might be involved in regulating tumor immunity. By differential analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) contents between high- and low-BST2 expression groups, and correlation analyses between the expression level of BST2 and TICs contents, we obtained 7 key TICs, and 5 of them were significantly associated with OS, especially regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages.
Conclusions
The TME-related gene BST2 could promote the progression of glioma via regulating the composition of TICs, and thus might be a novel prognostic biomarker.
Hsa-miR-194-5p and hsa-miR-195-5p are down-regulated expressed in high dysplasia HPV-Positive Pap-smear samples compared to normal cytology HPV-Positive Pap-smear samples
Authors: Dehghani Ali , Khajepour Fardin , Dehghani Mohammad , Razmara Ehsan , Zangouey Mohammadreza , Abadi Maryam Fekri Soofi , Nezhad Reza Bahram Abadi , Dabiri Shahriar , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background The human papillomavirus (HPV) infection may affect the miRNA expression pattern during cervical cancer (CC) development. To demonstrate the association between high-risk HPVs and the development of the cervix dysplasia, we examined the expression patterns of hsa-miR-194-5p and hsa-miR-195-5p in Pap smear samples from southeast Iranian women. We compared samples that were HPV-positive but showed no abnormality in the cytological examination to samples that were HPV-positive and had severe dysplasia.Methods Pap smear samples were obtained from 60 HPV-Positive (HPV-16/18) patients with histologically confirmed severe dysplasia (cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN 3) /carcinoma in situ) and the normal cytology group. The expression of hsa-miR-194-5p and hsa-miR-195-5p was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR, using specific stem-loop primers and U6 snRNA as the internal reference gene. Clinicopathological features were associated with miRNA expression levels. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis was conducted using in silico tools. Kaplan-Meier survival method was also obtained to discriminate survival significant candidate miRNAs in CC, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the diagnostic value.Results Compared to HPV-positive cytologically normal Pap smear samples, hsa-miR-194-5p, and hsa-miR-195-5p relative expression decreased significantly in HPV-positive with a severe dysplasia pap smear. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a significant association between miR-194 decrease and poor CC survival. In essence, ROC curve analysis showed that miR-194-5p and miR-195-5p could serve as valuable markers for the development of cervix dysplasia in individuals who are positive for high-risk HPVs.Conclusions This study revealed that hsa-miR-194-5p and hsa-miR-195-5p may possess tumor suppressor capabilities in the context of cervical dysplasia progression. However, it remains uncertain whether these microRNAs are implicated in the transition of patients with high dysplasia to cervical cancer. We also showed the potential capability of candidate miRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers related to cervical dysplasia progression.
Monitoring bovine dairy calf health and related risk factors in the first three months of rearing
Authors: Otten Nina Dam , Skarbye Alice Puk , Krogh Mogens Agerbo , Michelsen Anne Marie , Nielsen Liza Rosenbaum 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Rearing replacement heifers is pivotal for the dairy industry and is also associated with high input costs for the preweaned calves, due to their higher susceptibility to diseases. Ensuring calf health and viability calls for systematic approaches in order to mitigate the costs induced by managing sick calves and to ensure animal welfare. The objective of this study was to develop a systematic and feasible health-monitoring tool for bovine dairy calves based on repeated clinical observations and diagnostic results of calves at three time points; the first (T0), the third (T1) and the 12th (T3) week of age. The study included observations from 77 dairy heifer calves in nine Danish commercial dairy herds. Clinical scoring included gastrointestinal disease (GD) and respiratory disease (RD). The average daily weight gain (ADWG) was estimated from heart-girth measurements. Pathogen detection from nasal swabs and faecal samples were analysed for 16 respiratory and enteric pathogens by means of high-throughput rt-PCR. Immunisation status was assessed by serum Brix% at T0. All measures obtained in each herd were visualised in a panel to follow the health status of each calf over time.
Results:
The individual clinical observations combined with diagnostic information from immunisation and pathogen detection form each enrolled calf are presented in a herd dashboard illustrating the health status over the study period. This monitoring revealed failure of passive transfer (Brix%<8.1) in 31% of the 77 enrolled calves, signs of severe GD peaked at T0 with 20% affected calves, while signs of severe RD peaked at T2 with 42% affected calves. ADWG over the first eight weeks was estimated to be 760 g (± 190 g). Pathogen profiles varied between herds.
Conclusions:
Combining the different sources of information in one visualisation panel allows calf caretakers to detect emerging infections and initiate timely interventions as well as to evaluate the effect of given interventions. It can also provide quality assurance of calf rearing and management practices.
Therapeutic obstinacy and futile treatments in end-of- life care - the perceptions of health-care professionals
Authors: Bacoanu Gema , Poroch Vladimir , Lazar Diana Elena , Postolica Roxana , Hanganu Bianca , Poroch Mihaela , Ioan Beatrice Gabriela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe treatment of terminally ill patients raises many dilemmas that make it difficult to draw a line between treatment of uncertain benefits and therapeutic utility. Aim: To synthesize the qualitative and quantitative evidence on the views, experiences and perceptions of doctors and nurses from different specialties involved in the care of people nearing the end of life in relation to therapeutic obstinacy and futility. Design: Systematic review and narrative synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies. Data sources: PubMed, PsycINFO, the International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care/Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature [IAHPC/CINAHL], and Communication & Mass Media Complete [CMMC] databases. Review methods: Databases were searched for studies from May 2016 to November 2021. Pediatric studies, family/relative viewpoints, advance care directives, and euthanasia studies were excluded. Results were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach with thematic analysis. Results: 8 studies were included. Conclusion: Despite different perceptions among health professionals, the complexity of supporting therapy obstinacy and futile therapies lead to burnout, professional dissatisfaction and impaired communication skills among health professionals. Impact: This review will be of interest to palliative care, oncology and critical care practitioners and those planning to train and practice in these fields and will also provide inputs to debates on ethical issues in end-of-life care.
Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections: are we facing a new outbreak? a case series with the experience of a Single Tertiary Center
Authors: Garancini Nicolò , Ricci Giulia , Ghezzi Michele , Tommasi Paola , Zunica Fiammetta , Mandelli Anna , Zoia Elena , D'Auria Enza , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In pediatric age, Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from mild localized infections to life-threatening invasive diseases. In December 2022, the World Health Organization reported an increased incidence of scarlet fever and invasive GAS infections (iGAS) cases in Europe and the United States. In line with these observations, surveillance has been strengthened in our Region, allowing the identification of certified or highly suspected forms of iGAS.
Case presentation:
We report here 4 emblematic cases of iGAS admitted to our Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the short time span from mid-February to mid-March 2023. Particularly, we describe a case of pleuropneumonia (4 year old boy) and a case of respiratory failure (2 year old boy), who necessitated Non-Invasive Ventilation support, a case of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (6 year old girl), presenting with multi-organ failure, who needed Invasive Ventilation, and a case of meningitis (5 year old girl). All these patients needed intensive care support.
Conclusions
Accurate differential diagnosis and early treatment both could help to reduce the transmission of GAS and consequently the risk of severe iGAS. These cases confirmed the need for close monitoring and appropriate notification, in order to verify their actual increased incidence.