bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanobodies targeting ABCC3 for immunotargeted applications in glioblastoma
Authors: Ruiz-López Eduardo , Jovčevska Ivana , González-Gómez Ruth , Tejero Héctor , Al-Shahrour Fátima , Muyldermans Serge , Schuhmacher Alberto J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe cancer “omics” reveal many clinically relevant alterations that are transforming the molecular characterization of glioblastomas. However, many of these findings are not yet translated into clinical practice due, in part, to the lack of non-invasive biomarkers and the limitations imposed by the blood–brain barrier. Nanobodies, camelid single-domain antibody fragments, emerge as a promising tool for immunotargeted applications for diagnosing and treating glioblastomas. Performing agnostic bioinformatic analysis from glioblastoma patient datasets, we identified ATP Binding Cassette subfamily C member 3 (ABCC3) as a suitable target for immunotargeted applications. The expression of ABCC3 is associated with poor survival and impaired response to temozolomide. Importantly, high expression of ABCC3 is restricted to glioblastoma, with negligible levels in healthy brain tissue, and further correlates with tumor grade and stemness markers. We identified three immunogenic epitopes of ABCC3 which were used to isolate nanobodies from a glioblastoma-specific phage-display nanobody library. Two nanobodies targeting ABCC3 (NbA42 and NbA213) were further characterized and demonstrated in vivo selective recognition of ABCC3 in glioblastoma xenograft mouse models upon systemic administration. We designate NbA42 and NbA213 as new candidates to implement immunotargeted applications guiding a more personalized and precise diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of glioblastoma patients.
Experimental demonstration of classical analogous time-dependent superposition of states
Authors: Mahmood Kazi T. , Hasan M. Arif 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the quantum theory concepts on which quantum information processing stands is superposition. Here we provide experimental evidence for the existence of classical analogues to the coherent superposition of energy states, which is made possible by the Hertz-type nonlinearity of the granules together with the external driving field. The granules’ nonlinear vibrations are projected into the linear modes of vibration, which depend on one another through the phase and form a coherent superposition. We show that the amplitudes of the coherent states form the components of a state vector that spans a two-dimensional Hilbert space, and time enables the system to span its Hilbert space parametrically. Thus, the superposition of states can be exploited in two-state quantum-like computations without decoherence and wave function collapse. Finally, we demonstrate the experimental realization of applying a reversible Hadamard gate to a pure base state that brings the state into a superposition.
Click-Type Synthesis of Homoconjugated Push–Pull Chromophores: Computational Investigation of Optical and Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Properties
Authors: Dengiz Cagatay , Inyurt Fevzi Can , Mammadova Flora 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHomoconjugated push–pull chromophores were obtained by an efficient, click-type formal [2+2] cycloaddition. With these short synthetic transformations, complex chromophore structures were achieved in a single step without any by-product formation. Significant second-order optical nonlinearities have been calculated for the synthesized compounds.
Science through the Lens of Nature: Recent Advances in Biomimetic Approaches towards Pesticide Degradation
Authors: Gupta Akanksha , Kumar Vinod , Borah Shikha Jyoti , Sahu Prasanta Kumar , Dheer Neelu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increased use of pesticides and the possible accumulation of residual pesticides can clearly have detrimental consequences on different environmental matrices and human health. As a result of this, an urgent need for remediation of pesticides has emerged in the last few decades. A biomimetic approach for the degradation of pesticides can have high potential. Biomimetic catalysts are synthetic chemical molecules which have been inspired by natural processes to mimic their structural and functional properties. This short review focuses on the synthesis of various biomimetic catalysts including metal-based materials and carbon-based materials. In this context, recent advances achieved by such biomimetic catalysts for the degradation of pesticides have been covered. It highlights the importance of adopting a biomimetic approach as it provides a green and efficient method for pesticide degradation. Furthermore, it provides useful insights into the challenges that remain to be addressed and the perspectives that can be adopted for future research.1	Introduction2	Biomimetic Catalysts2.1	Metal Oxides2.2	Metal Organic Frameworks2.3	Carbon-Based Materials2.4	MXenes2.5	Other Recent Advances3	Challenges4	Conclusion
Limb Hypertrophy—An Uncommon Presentation Yet a Common Link among Neurocutaneous Syndromes: A Series of Three Cases
Authors: Agrawal Akriti , Budania Anil , Saini Lokesh , Tiwari Sarbesh , Vedant Deepak , Benny Benetta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLimb hypertrophy is an unusual presentation associated with neurocutaneous syndromes. The mechanism behind this presentation may vary from case to case. Here, we describe a case series of three different syndromes linked by a common clinical finding of limb hypertrophy.
Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy Mistaken for Oculomotor Schwannoma: A Case Report
Authors: Mahović Darija , Bračić Matea , Jovanović Ivan , Gabrić Ivo Darko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON) is a headache disorder classified as a cranial neuropathy. It is characterized by episodes of unilateral headache followed by ipsilateral ophthalmoplegia due to ocular cranial nerve palsy. Symptoms usually subside spontaneously within weeks to months. RPON commonly occurs in childhood, though it is overlooked at times as a possible differential diagnosis. The pathophysiology of RPON is not entirely clear. Typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in children include nerve thickening and gadolinium enhancement. However, these findings are not specific to this condition. Nerve thickening in RPON can resemble schwannomas, thereby causing a diagnostic dilemma. Here, we present a 13-year-old boy with a history of unilateral headaches associated with ipsilateral ptosis and diplopia. The first MRI indicated thickening and gadolinium enhancement of the right oculomotor nerve, which was interpreted as a schwannoma. However, his symptoms resolved after a few weeks and the follow-up MRI showed resolution of nerve changes. This clinical presentation was consistent with RPON. This case demonstrates the need for a careful follow-up of RPON patients.
Childhood Anemia and Risk for Acute Respiratory Infection, Gastroenteritis, and Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jayamanna Ushani , Jayaweera J. A. A. Sampath 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective Children younger than 5 years, particularly children below 2 years, are among the most vulnerable groups for developing anemia and infections. This review is intended to assess the association between anemia and childhood acute respiratory infections (ARTIs), acute gastroenteritis (AGE), and urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Methods PubMed was searched for published articles from January 2000 to August 2021 in English using the following terms: anemia and acute respiratory tract infections in children; anemia and UTIs in children; anemia and AGE in children. The data extraction were conducted by two investigators using the same methodology. Using descriptive statistics, the data from different sources were synthesized, including medians and ranges.
Results A total of 426 articles and 27 original articles and 1 systematic review were included. Iron deficiency anemia is common among children between 6 months and 3 years of age. This age group can be considered a highly susceptible age for contraction of ARTI and AGE. Children below 5 years suffer five to six episodes of acute ARTI per year on average, and pneumonia accounts for the highest number of deaths, which is around 1.1 million each year. When considered, the odds ratio of anemia to increase the susceptibility of contracting lower ARTI would range from 2 to 5.7. Also, anemic children were 10 times more susceptible to developing acute recurrent ARTI and 4 times more susceptible to contracting pneumonia. Respiratory syncytial virus is the commonest viral etiology. Anemia would increase the risk of diarrhea by 2.9-fold in toddlers, while mild anemia, moderate anemia, and severe anemia would increase the susceptibility to contract AGE by 1.6, 1.6, and 8.9 times, respectively. Rotavirus is the commonest etiology. Some studies observed a protective effect of mild to moderate iron-deficient anemia from respiratory infections.
Conclusion Infectious disease imposes a heavy burden on the health sector in a country. The highest susceptibility for infections and the development of anemia would be due to inadequate nutrition supplementation to meet the demand during rapid body growth. Therefore, based on the available evidence, one can take the necessary steps to reduce the infectious disease burden by correcting the anemia status in children.
The chaperone protein p32 stabilizes HIV-1 Tat and strengthens the p-TEFb/RNAPII/TAR complex promoting HIV transcription elongation
Authors: Li Chuan , Mori Luisa P. , Lyu Shuang , Bronson Ronald , Getzler Adam J. , Pipkin Matthew E. , Valente Susana T. 
Published: December 2022

HIV gene expression is modulated by the combinatorial activity of the HIV transcriptional activator, Tat, host transcription factors, and chromatin remodeling complexes. To identify host factors regulating HIV transcription, we used specific single-guide RNAs and endonuclease-deficient Cas9 to perform chromatin affinity purification of the integrated HIV promoter followed by mass spectrometry. The scaffold protein, p32, also called ASF/SF2 splicing factor-associated protein, was identified among the top enriched factors present in actively transcribing HIV promoters but absent in silenced ones. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed the presence of p32 on active HIV promoters and its enhanced recruitment by Tat. HIV uses Tat to efficiently recruit positive transcription elongation factor b (p-TEFb) (CDK9/CCNT1) to TAR, an RNA secondary structure that forms from the first 59 bp of HIV transcripts, to enhance RNAPII transcriptional elongation. The RNA interference of p32 significantly reduced HIV transcription in primary CD4
+
T cells and in HIV chronically infected cells, independently of either HIV splicing or p32 anti-splicing activity. Conversely, overexpression of p32 specifically increased Tat-dependent HIV transcription. p32 was found to directly interact with Tat’s basic domain enhancing Tat stability and half-life. Conversely, p32 associates with Tat via N- and C-terminal domains. Likely due its scaffold properties, p32 also promoted Tat association with TAR, p-TEFb, and RNAPII enhancing Tat-dependent HIV transcription. In sum, we identified p32 as a host factor that interacts with and stabilizes Tat protein, promotes Tat-dependent transcriptional regulation, and may be explored for HIV-targeted transcriptional inhibition.
A comprehensive analysis of electron emission from a-Si:H/Al2O3 at low energies
Authors: Löffler Janina , Belhaj Mohamed , Bundaleski Nenad , Diaz Leon Juan J , Thomet Jonathan , Frey Samira , Ballif Christophe , Wyrsch Nicolas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recently developed microchannel plates (MCPs) based on amorphous silicon offer potential advantages with respect to glass based ones. In this context, secondary electron emission (SEE) at very low energies below 100 eV has been studied for relevant materials for these novel devices. The aim of this work was to quantify the low energy electron emission—secondary emission and elastic scattering—from amorphous silicon and alumina and the dependence of the emission energy distribution on the primary electron energy, which was previously unknown. Secondary emission and energy distribution were both modelled and measured using equipment particularly designed for this energy range. The effects of roughness, angle of incidence and surface composition were analysed. We show crossover energies as well as the angular dependence of electron emission from amorphous silicon and alumina, with a maximum experimental emission yield value of 2 and 2.8, respectively, at an incident angle of 75∘. A parameterization for the energy dependence of the emission energy spectrum at low energies was derived. This extensive analysis is fundamental for a comprehensive understanding of the performance of amorphous silicon-based MCP detectors. It provides a complete model for SEE for a detailed description of the detector operation. The present results thus set the basis for a simulation framework, which is an essential element to increase the performance of these detectors and enable further developments.
Flexible temperature sensors based on two-dimensional materials for wearable devices
Authors: Lim Soomook , Suk Ji Won 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Among the various functionalities of flexible devices, the sensing of temperature is an important task that is commonly required in wearable devices. As atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials have outstanding physical and chemical properties and extreme flexibility, those are good candidates for sensing materials for flexible temperature sensors. This review discusses the development trends in flexible temperature sensors using 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, MXene, and black phosphorus. The basic principles and material properties of the temperature sensors are summarized in this review. The sensing performances of the flexible temperature sensors for wearable applications are summarized and discussed.
Hoop compression driven instabilities in spontaneously formed multilayer graphene blisters over a polymeric substrate
Authors: Pandey Mukesh , Ahuja Rajeev , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The blistering of elastic membranes is prone to elastic-solid as well as substrate-based mechanical instabilities. The solid-based instabilities have been well-explored in the mechanically indented blisters of elastic membranes over the rigid/solid substrates, but an integrated study illustrating the underlying mechanism for the onset of solid as well as substrate-based instabilities in the spontaneous blistering of a 2D material is still lacking in the literature. In this article, an extensive experimental as well as analytical analysis of the spontaneous blister-formation in the multilayer graphene (MLG) flakes over a polymeric substrate is reported, which elucidates the involved mechanism and the governing parameters behind the development of elastic-solid as well as viscoelastic-substrate based instabilities. Herein, a ‘blister-collapse model’ is proposed, which infers that the suppression of the hoop compression, resulting from the phase-transition of the confined matter, plays a crucial role in the development of the instabilities. The ratio of blister-height to flake-thickness is a direct consequence of the taper-angle of the MLG blister and the thickness-dependent elasticity of the upper-bounding MLG flake, which shows a significant impact on the growth-dynamics of the viscous fingering pattern (viscoelastic-substrate based instability) under the MLG blister.
Crystal phase engineering of nanoflower-like hollow MoSe2 boosting polysulfide conversion for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Duan Ruixian , Li Xifei , Cao Guiqiang , Chen Liping , Li Jun , Jiang Qinting , Cao Yanyan , Wang Jingjing , Li Wenbin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The battery performance of sulfur cathode has obviously depended on the redox reaction kinetics of polysulfides upon cycling. Herein, an effective strategy was proposed to achieve the conversion from 2H (semiconductor phase) to 1T (metal phase) in hollow nano-flowered molybdenum selenide sphere (HFSMS) through crystal phase engineering. The HFSMS with different phase ratio was realized by regulating the proportion of reducing agents. Specifically, the 1T phase content can reach up to 60.8%, and then subsequently decreased to 59.1% with the further increase of the reducing agent. The as-prepared HFSMS with the 1T phase content of 60.8% showed a smallest Tafel slopes (49.99 and 79.65 mV/dec in reduction and oxidation process, respectively), fastest response time and highest response current (520 s, 0.459 mA in Li2S deposition test), which further exhibited excellent catalytic activity and faster reaction kinetics. This result was verified by electrochemical performance, which manifested as stable cycle life with only 0.112% capacity decay per cycle. It was found that the hollow structure can ensures a rich sulfur storage space, and effectually buffer the volume changes of the active substance. More importantly, the improved performance is attributed to the introduction of the 1T phase, which significantly improves the catalytic activity of MoSe2 with promoting the polysulfide conversion.
Strategy for automatic ultrasound (US) probe positioning in robot-assisted ultrasound guided radiation therapy
Authors: Seitz Peter Karl , Karger Christian P , Bendl Rolf , Schwahofer Andrea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. As part of image-guided radiotherapy, ultrasound-guided radiotherapy is currently already in use and under investigation for robot assisted systems Ipsen 2021. It promises a real-time tumor localization during irradiation (intrafractional) without extra dose. The ultrasound probe is held and guided by a robot. However, there is a lack of basic safety mechanisms and interaction strategies to enable a safe clinical procedure. In this study we investigate potential positioning strategies with safety mechanisms for a safe robot-human-interaction. Approach. A compact setup of ultrasound device, lightweight robot, tracking camera, force sensor and control computer were integrated in a software application to represent a potential USgRT setup. For the realization of a clinical procedure, positioning strategies for the ultrasound head with the help of the robot were developed, implemented, and tested. In addition, basic safety mechanisms for the robot have been implemented, using the integrated force sensor, and have been tested by intentional collisions. Main results. Various positioning methods from manual guidance to completely automated procedures were tested. Robot-guided methods achieved higher positioning accuracy and were faster in execution compared to conventional hand-guided methods. The developed safety mechanisms worked as intended and the detected collision force were below 20 N. Significance. The study demonstrates the feasibility of a new approach for safe robotic ultrasound imaging, with a focus on abdominal usage (liver, prostate, kidney). The safety measures applied here can be extended to other human-robot interactions and present the basic for further studies in medical applications.
Dual-energy CT evaluation of 3D printed materials for radiotherapy applications
Authors: Fonseca Gabriel P , Rezaeifar Behzad , Lackner Niklas , Haanen Britt , Reniers Brigitte , Verhaegen Frank 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. There is a continuous increase in 3D printing applications in several fields including medical imaging and radiotherapy. Although there are numerous advantages of using 3D printing for the development of customized phantoms, bolus, quality assurance devices and other clinical applications, material properties are not well known and printer settings can affect considerably the properties (e.g. density, isotropy and homogeneity) of the printed parts. This study aims to evaluate several materials and printer properties to identify a range of tissue-mimicking materials. Approach. Dual-energy CT was used to obtain the effective atomic number (Z
eff) and relative electron density (RED) for thirty-one different materials including different colours of the same filament from the same manufacturer and the same type of filament from different manufacturers. In addition, a custom bone equivalent filament was developed and evaluated since a high-density filament with a composition similar to bone is not commercially available. Printing settings such as infill density, infill pattern, layer height and nozzle size were also evaluated. Main results. Large differences were observed for HU (288), RED (>10%) and Z
eff (>50%) for different colours of the same filament due to the colour pigment. Results show a wide HU variation (−714 to 1104), RED (0.277 to 1.480) and Z
eff (5.22 to 12.39) between the printed samples with some materials being comparable to commercial tissue-mimicking materials and good substitutes to a range of materials from lung to bone. Printer settings can result in directional dependency and significantly affect the homogeneity of the samples. Significance. The use of DECT to extract RED, and Z
eff allows for quantitative imaging and dosimetry using 3D printed materials equivalent to certified tissue-mimicking tissues.
Optimality of T-gate for generating magic resource
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Luo Shunlong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the stabilizer formalism of fault-tolerant quantum computation, stabilizer states serve as classical objects, while magic states (non-stabilizer states) are a kind of quantum resource (called magic resource) for promoting stabilizer circuits to universal quantum computation. In this framework, the T-gate is widely used as a non-Clifford gate which generates magic resource from stabilizer states. A natural question arises as whether the T-gate is in some sense optimal for generating magic resource. We address this issue by employing an intuitive and computable quantifier of magic based on characteristic functions (Weyl transforms) of quantum states. We demonstrate that the qubit T-gate, as well as its qutrit extension, the qutrit T-gate, are indeed optimal for generating magic resource among the class of diagonal unitary operators. Moreover, up to Clifford equivalence, the T-gate is essentially the only gate having such an optimal property. This reveals some intrinsic optimal features of the T-gate. We further compare the T-gate with general unitary gates for generating magic resource.
Chiral symmetry restoration and properties of Goldstone bosons at finite temperature*
Authors: Xu Yin-Zhen , Qin Si-Xue , Zong Hong-Shi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study chiral symmetry restoration by analyzing thermal properties of QCD's(pseudo-) Goldstone bosons, especially the pion. The meson properties are obtained from the spectral densities of mesonic imaginary-time correlation functions. To obtain the correlation functions, we solve the Dyson-Schwinger equations and the inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equations in the leading symmetry-preserving rainbow-ladder approximation. In chiral limit, the pion and its partner sigma degenerate at the critical temperature

. At

, it was found that the pion rapidly dissociates, which signals deconfinement phase transition. Beyond the chiral limit, the pion dissociation temperature can be used to define the pseudo-critical temperature of the chiral phase crossover, which is consistent with that obtained by the maximum point of chiral susceptibility. A parallel analysis for kaon and pseudoscalar

suggests that heavy mesons may survive above

.