bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deposition of WC-Co Coatings by a Novel High Pressure HVOF
Authors: Sun B. , Fukanuma H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
WC-Co coatings are primarily deposited by using the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray process. However, the decomposition and decarburization of carbides during spraying result in the degradation of coating wear performance. In this paper, a novel high pressure HVOF with the characteristics of lower particle temperature and higher particle velocity was developed. It exhibits combustion chamber pressures up to 3.0 MPa. The influence of combustion chamber pressure and oxygen/fuel equivalence ratio on WC-Co particle velocity and temperature levels were analyzed by numerical simulation. The experiment results show that the combustion chamber pressure and the oxygen/fuel equivalence ratio have a significant influence on the particle velocity and melt degrees, as well as, on the coating microstructure and microhardness. High velocity WCCo particles in different states, i.e., molten, semi-molten and non-molten can be readily obtained by changing the spray conditions. A comparison to the conventional JP-5000 was also executed.
ФІНАНСОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ МАЛОГО ТА СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ У МІСТІ РІВНЕ
Authors: Kostiukevych A. M. , Kostiukevych R. M. , Korol B. O. 
Published: January 2023

У статті досліджено проблеми малого та середнього підприємництва у м. Рівне. Розвинуто організаційні аспекти запровадження пріоритетних форм та інструментами фінансового забезпечення та розвитку малого і середнього бізнесу в м. Рівне. Запропоновано напрями фінансової підтримки малого бізнесу на основі пропозицій підприємців.
Effect of Operating Parameters on Agricultural Biomass Mixture Pyrolysis Process in a Batch Reactor
Authors: Miljkovic Biljana 
Published: January 2023

Many phenomena affect devolatilization of biomass particles, including mass and heat transfer, chemical reactions and physical transformation. Mathematical models that are capable to describe pyrolysis phenomena can greatly assist the large-scale development and optimization of pyrolysis processes, but to be implemented into large-scale simulation the models need to be simplified at a certain degree. In the present study, an existing mathematical model is used to describe the pyrolysis of a single particle of biomass. It couples the heat transfer equations with the chemical kinetics equations. The common Euler explicit method is used for solving the heat transfer equation and the two-step pyrolysis kinetics equations. The model equation is solved for a sphere particle with a radius of 0.001 m and temperature ranging from 300 to 923 K. An original numerical model for the pyrolysis of agricultural biomass mixture is proposed and relevant equations solved using original program realized in MATLAB. Simplified particle model was validated with the experimental data in a non-isothermal pyrolysis reactor. The sample was heated in the temperature range of 300–923 K at average heating rates of 21, 30 and 54 K/min. The model results showed reasonable agreement with experiments. The difference (between the experimental and model results) is slightly more prominent with decreasing heating rate (21 and 30 K/min), but model results are in much better agreement with the experimental date for higher heating rate (54 K/min). It is demonstrated that a constitutive equation can be used to express devolatilization rate for higher heating rates.
SOSIALISASI PEDOMAN GIZI SEIMBANG 2014 BAGI GURU SD N 05 JOHAR BARU
Authors: Umniyati Helwiah 
Published: January 2023

Pedoman Gizi Seimbang telah dikenalkan dan disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat lebih dari 15 tahun lalu akan tetapi masih banyak masyarakat di Indonesia yang tidak mengetahui Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Sehingga perubahan perilaku gizi masyarakat ke arah perilaku gizi seimbang masih jauh dari harapan. Konsumsi pangan belum seimbang baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya, dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat belum memadai. Indonesia menghadapi masalah gizi ganda. Berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas 2013 menunjukkan bahwa “stunting” pada Balita dan prevalensi Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) pada dewasa makin meningkat. Upaya perubahan perilaku gizi masyarakat ke arah perilaku gizi seimbang yang merupakan faktor penting dalam pencegahan timbulnya masalah gizi dan mempertahankan status gizi yang baik.
Sebagian besar PTM terkait-gizi di atas berasosiasi dengan kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan yang disebabkan oleh kelebihan gizi. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2007, 2010, 2013 dan 2018 memperlihatkan kecenderungan peningkatan prevalensi obesitas pada semua kelompok umur. Obesitas pada anak balita terjadi peningkatan dari 12,2% pada tahun 2007 menjadi 14% di tahun 2010), setelah itu mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2013 (11,9%) dan naik lagi menjadi 13,6% pada tahun 2018. Oleh karena itulah, kita berkewajiban untuk menerapkan dan mensosialisasikan pentingnya pedoman gizi seimbang sejak dari anak-anak. Anakyang obese mempunyai risiko yang besar untuk obes ketika dewasa. Kelebihan gizi ini timbul akibat kelebihan asupan makanan dan minuman kaya energi, kaya lemak jenuh, gula dan garam tambahan, namun kekurangan asupan pangan bergizi seperti sayuran, buah­ buahan dan serealia utuh, serta kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik.
Selain masalah kegemukan, hasil riskesdas menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia masih memiliki masalah kekurangan gizi. Kecenderungan prevalensi kurus (wasting) anak balita 13,6% (2007), 13,3% (2010), turun menjadi 12,1% (2013) dan 10,2% pada tahun 2018. Sedangkan kecenderungan prevalensi anak balita pendek (stunting) sebesar 36,8% (2007), 35,6% (2010), 37,2% (2013) dan menjadi 30,2% (2018). Prevalensi gizi kurang (underweight) berturut-turut 18,4% , 17,9%, 19,6%, 17,7% .
Melalui kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, kami meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat, khususnya pengetahuan guru-guru SD N Johar Baru akan pentingnya penerapan gizi seimbang, agar mendapatan kesehatan yang optimal. Setelah pelatihan gizi seimbang pada guru didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan sebanyak 41%. Diharapkan setelah meningkatnya pengetahuan gizi seimbang pada masyarakat maka perilaku gizi masyarakat akan berubah.
Are acute type A aortic dissections atherosclerotic?
Authors: Grewal Nimrat , Dolmaci Onur , Jansen Evert , Klautz Robert , Driessen Antoine , Lindeman Jan , Poelmann Robert E. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundType A aortic dissections (TAAD) are devastating aortic complications. Patients with Marfan syndrome, a bicuspid aortic valve or a thoracic aortic aneurysm have an increased risk to develop a TAAD. These predisposing conditions are characterized by a histologically thin intimal layer and hardly any atherosclerosis. Little is known about the susceptibility for atherosclerosis in patients with a type A aortic dissection.ObjectiveWe aim to systematically describe atherosclerotic lesions in TAAD patients.Materials and methodsA total of 51 patients with a TAAD (mean age 62.5 ± 10.8 years, 49% females) and 17 control patients (mean age 63 ± 5.5 years, 53% females) were included in this study. Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed clinically. All sections were stained with Movat pentachrome and hematoxylin eosin. Plaque morphology was classified according to the modified AHA classification scheme proposed by Virmani et al.ResultsIn the TAAD group thirty-seven percent were overweight (BMI &gt; 25). Diabetes and peripheral arterial disease were not present in any of the patients. Fifty-nine percent of the patients had a history of hypertension. The intima in TAAD patients was significantly thinner as compared to the control group (mean thickness 143 ± 126.5 μm versus 193 ± 132 μm, p &lt; 0.023). Seven TAAD patients had a normal intima without any form of adaptive or pathological thickening. Twenty-three TAAD patients demonstrated adaptive intimal thickening. Fourteen had an intimal xanthoma, also known as fatty streaks. A minority of 7 TAAD patients had progressive atherosclerotic lesions, 4 of which demonstrated pathological intimal thickening, 3 patients showed early fibroatheroma, late fibroatheroma and thin cap fibroatheroma. In the control group the majority of the patients exhibited progressive atherosclerotic lesions: three pathologic intimal thickening, two early fibroatheroma, six late fibroatheroma, one healed rupture and two fibrotic calcified plaque.DiscussionThis study shows that TAAD patients hardly exhibit any form of progressive atherosclerosis. The majority of TAAD patients showcase non-progressive intimal lesions, whereas the control group mostly demonstrated progressive intimal atherosclerotic lesions. Findings are independent of age, sex, or the presence of (a history of) hypertension.
Causal association of peripheral immune cell counts and atrial fibrillation: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Feng Yuntao , Liu Xuebo , Tan Hongwei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common and persistent form of arrhythmia. Recently, increasing evidence has shown a link between immune responses and atrial fibrillation. However, whether the immune response is a cause or consequence of AF remains unknown. We aimed to determine whether genetically predicted peripheral immunity might have a causal effect on AF.MethodsFirst, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using genetic variants strongly associated with neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte cell counts as instrumental variables (IVs). Lymphocyte counts were then subjected to further subgroup analysis. The effect of immune cell counts on AF risk was measured using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).ResultsTwo-sample MR analysis revealed that a higher neutrophil count, basophil count and lymphocyte count had a causal effect on AF [Odds ratio (OR), 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.10, P = 0.0070; OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04–1.17; P = 0.0015; OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.99; P = 0.0359]. In addition, in our further analysis, genetically predicted increases in CD4 + T-cell counts were also associated with an increased risk of AF (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.0–.09; P = 0.0493).ConclusionOur MR analysis provided evidence of a genetically predicted causal relationship between higher peripheral immune cell counts and AF. Subgroup analysis revealed the key role of peripheral lymphocytes in AF, especially the causal relationship between CD4 + T cell count and AF. These findings are beneficial for future exploration of the mechanism of AF.
Extensive responses of lake dynamics to climate change on northeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Wenhui , Liu Hairui , Li Qingpeng , Xie Changwei , Zhang Zhijun , Zhou Guanghao , Zhang Qi , Zhao Qinhao 
Published: January 2023

The lakes on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau have undergone substantial changes. As intensive cryospheric components change, the response of the lake dynamics to climatic factors, glacier-snow melting, and permafrost thawing has been complex. Based on Landsat images, meteorological data, and glacier and permafrost data, the spatial-temporal changes in the lake area on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau between 1988 and 2019 were analyzed and the driving factors behind the lake changes were further explored. The results suggest that the regional lake area increased from 1988 to 2019 at rates of 0.01–16.03 km2/yr. It decreased during 1988–2000, quickly increased during 2000–2012, and rapidly increased during 2012–2019. The most significant lake expansion occurred in sub-region I, which is the source region of the Yangtze River Basin. There was a sharper increase during 2012–2019 than during 2000–2012 in sub-region II (the source region of the Yellow River Basin and the Qinghai Lake Basin) and sub-region III (the Qaidam Basin). The significant lake expansion occurred about 12 years earlier in sub-region I than in sub-regions II and III. This dramatic change in the lake area was closely associated with the annual precipitation, and precipitation was the primary driving factor. Although serious glacier retreat occurred, most of the lakes in the sub-regions were non-glacier-fed lakes. The correlation between glacier ablation and the change in the lake area was poor, which suggests that glacial meltwater was not the replenishment source of most of the lakes in this region. A more accelerated increase in the active layer thickness occurred (1.90 cm/yr), which was consistent with the more rapid lake expansion, and the permafrost degradation further intensified the lake expansion.
Gas oversaturation in deep coals and its implications for coal bed methane development: A case study in Linxing Block, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Kang Yongshang , Huangfu Yuhui , Zhang Bing , He Zhiping , Jiang Shanyu , Ma Yuan Zee 
Published: January 2023

Three coal bed methane (CBM) wells penetrating to coal seams 8+9# (Permian Taiyuan Formation), in deep coals (depth&gt;1,500 m), show very differential production performance in Linxing Block, eastern margin of the Ordos Basin in China. The mechanism for the performance differentiation is analyzed through studies on coal permeability and gas saturation in deep coals, and specifically, the comparison of coal reservoir characteristics in the three wells. The mechanism for gas oversaturation is then discussed based on data from Linxing Block and spot but important exploration results relevant to deep coals in the Junggar Basin. This study demonstrates that: (1) Permeability values of coal seams 8+9# in deep coals are probably in the order of 10−2mD from diverse sources including results of experimental permeability test simulating underground stress conditions. Studies on gas saturation distribution reveal that high gas rates (&gt;3,000 m3/d) can be achieved only from oversaturated coal reservoirs in Linxing Block. (2) Two types of oversaturation mechanism, including igneous intrusion-driven oversaturation and sorption capacity-driven oversaturation, exist in deep coals. The former is restricted to regions/blocks influenced by igneous intrusion, and characterized by secondary gas generation and supplementation to deep coals that have substantial similar Langmuir curves to that of shallow coals. The latter may play in deep coals that are not influenced by igneous intrusion, and is characterized by more free gas released from coals after adsorption saturation, due to reduced sorption capacity in deep coals; (3) Oversaturation may exist more frequently in deep coals (in comparison with shallow coals), due to mostly the sorption capacity-driven oversaturation mechanism, and the weaker tectonic deformation and uplifting experienced by deep coals in comparison with shallow coals, which favors gas preservation and oversaturation. (4) Generally, coal permeability in deep coals is low due to the increased effective stress, and exploring oversaturation areas should be a primary concern for CBM development. It appears that in most large, tectonically compressed coal basins, there is a critical depth beyond which the oversaturation areas could occur, presenting opportunities and challlenges for CBM development.
Effects of climate change and agricultural expansion on groundwater storage in the Amur River Basin
Authors: Zhang Zhengang , Song Changchun , Guo Yuedong , He Panxing , Chen Ning , Liu Jianzhao , Zhang Yifei , Zuo Yunjiang , Zhang Xing 
Published: January 2023

Since the 1990s, the climate in the Amur River Basin (ARB) has changed, and large-scale wetlands in the region have been reclaimed for paddy fields. The study of the influence of climate change and agricultural expansion on groundwater storage is of great significance to the evaluation of regional water resource balance and the promotion of ecological protection and agricultural development. In this work, the groundwater storage anomaly (GWSA) in the ARB and its drivers were analyzed for the period 2003–2016 using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data, a Global Land Data Assimilation System model, and in situ observations of groundwater levels. Results indicated that 1) the GWSA in the ARB increased at a rate of 2.0–2.4 mm/yr from 2003 to 2016; the GWSA in the upper reaches of the ARB increased, whereas the GWSA in the middle and lower reaches decreased during the study period. 2) The GWSA in the middle and lower reaches of the ARB was greatly influenced by temperature (Tmp) and evapotranspiration (ET). Tmp was positively correlated with GWSA, whereas ET was negatively correlated with GWSA (p &lt; 0.05). 3) Extreme rainfall had a delayed effect on groundwater recharge. Wetland degradation and agricultural development were the main factors causing the decrease of the GWSA in the middle and lower reaches of the ARB. In summary, temperature and evapotranspiration affect groundwater storage by regulating the water–heat balance, wetland reclamation reduces the regional storage capacity, and the irrigation required for reclaimed farmland is the main source of groundwater loss.
Latitude variations of soil bacterial community diversity and composition in three typical forests of temperate, northeastern of China
Authors: Fu Xiao-Yu , Cheng Zhi-Chao , Ni Hong-Wei , Zhang Rong-Tao 
Published: January 2023

Soil bacteria are a crucial component of forest soil biodiversity and play important functions in numerous ecosystem processes. Hence, studying the variation of diversity and composition of soil bacteria between latitude gradients and the driving factors responsible for these differences is important for understanding the changes of soil bacteria. We used Illumina MiSeq sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA to investigate the distribution pattern and driving factors of bacterial diversity and composition in temperate forest soils at three different latitudes in northeast China, with samples taken at low, middle and high latitude. Each sample area was located at a distance of 1,200 km. Our results indicate that the soil bacterial diversity decreased with increasing latitude. Members of the phyla Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant in all investigated soils, the highest relative abundances of these phyla were: Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria in high-latitude forest, Rokubacteria and Actinobacteria in low-latitude forest. The dominant bacterial genera in the three different latitude forests were Candidatus_Solibacter, Bryobacter, Roseiarcus and Granulicella. Mean average temperature, soil pH and total nitrogen content were the key environmental factors shaping the soil bacterial diversity and composition in different latitudes of these temperate forests. The results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding and better predictions the latitudinal pattern of soil biodiversity.
GVBD rate is an independent predictor for pregnancy in ICSI patients with surplus immature oocytes
Authors: Wang Meng , Yang Qiyu , Liu Jing , Hu Juan , Li Dan , Ren Xinling , Xi Qingsong , Zhu Lixia , Jin Lei 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIt was reported that there were still up to 30% immature retrieved oocyte at germinal vesicle (GV) or metaphase I (MI) stage. Whether the spontaneous maturity competency of immature oocytes associated to the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles remains unclear and unexplored. This study aimed to investigate how the oocyte developmental parameters in in vitro maturation (IVM) affect clinical outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included couples undergoing ICSI in a university-affiliated hospital. Surplus immature oocytes during ICSI were collected and cultured in vitro. The numbers of germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes undergoing GV breakdown (GVBD) and polar body 1 extrusion within 24 h culture were recorded. The main outcome measurements were demographic baselines and oocyte developmental parameters in IVM associated with pregnancy outcomes.ResultsA total of 191 couples were included with an overall GVBD rate of 63.7% (327/513) and oocyte maturation rate of 46.8% (240/513). 53.4% (102/191) of them had embryos transferred freshly, which originated from metaphase II oocytes that matured spontaneously in vivo, and 60.8% (62/102) got pregnant. Among factors with a P-value &lt; 0.2 in univariate logistic regression analyses of pregnancy correlation, GVBD rate (OR 3.220, 95% CI 1.060-9.782, P=0.039) and progesterone level on human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) day (OR 0.231, 95% CI 0.056-0.949, P=0.042) remained significant in the multivariate model. The area under the curve (AUC) of the predictive nomogram was 0.729 (95% CI 0.632-0.826) with an acceptable calibration. Moreover, decision curve analyses illustrated the superior overall net benefit of models that included the GVBD rate in clinical decisions within a wide range of threshold probabilities.ConclusionIn conclusion, GVBD rate and progesterone level on HCG day may be associated with pregnancy outcomes in infertile couples during the regular ICSI procedure. An elevated GVBD rate within 24 h may greatly increase the likelihood of pregnancy in infertile couples during ICSI. This preliminary study may optimize clinical pregnancy prediction, which provides support in decision-making in clinical practice.
Elevated stress hyperglycemia and the presence of intracranial artery stenosis increase the risk of recurrent stroke
Authors: Wang Yongle , Fan Hongxuan , Duan Weiying , Ren Zhaoyu , Liu Xuchang , Liu Tingting , Li Yanan , Zhang Kaili , Fan Haimei , Ren Jing , Li Juan , Li Xinyi , Wu Xuemei , Niu Xiaoyuan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundStress hyperglycemia has served as a reliable biomarker to predict poor outcomes after ischemic stroke. However, recent studies have reported some contrary conclusions. Different stroke subtypes may respond inconsistently to stress hyperglycemia. The progression of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is tightly related to hyperglycemia. Thus, this study aims to determine the relationship between stress hyperglycemia and recurrent stroke in ischemic stroke patients with or without intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.MethodsThis is a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study. Patients with acute minor ischemic stroke and eligible computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data were enrolled. The severity of stress hyperglycemia is measured by the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR). SHR was calculated based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. The primary outcome was stroke recurrence during hospitalization. The interaction of SHR levels with the presence of ICAS on the primary outcome was investigated using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Restricted cubic splines were applied to determine the nonlinear relationship between SHR and primary outcome. A two-piecewise linear regression model was used to identify the threshold of SHR.ResultsA total of 610 participants were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 61.4 ± 12.9 years old, and approximately 70% of participants were males. A total of 189 (30.98%) patients had ICAS. The patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the tertiles of SHR. Compared with the group with a lower SHR, a higher SHR was significantly associated with the risk of stroke recurrence in the ICAS group (hazard ratio [HR], 8.52, 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.16-22.96, P&lt;0.001). When SHR was treated as a continuous variable, each 0.1-unit increase in SHR in the ICAS group was associated with a 1.63-fold increase in the risk of recurrence (HR, 1.63, 95% CI, 1.39-1.9, P&lt;0.001) with a threshold of 0.75. FPG but not HbA1c was associated with stroke recurrence in ICAS patients (HR, 1.17, 95% CI, 1.08-1.26, P&lt;0.001). Sensitive analyses showed consistent results after adjusting for previous diabetes mellitus, oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin injection.ConclusionsSHR represents a better biomarker to predict the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with ICAS than FPG and HbA1c regardless of previous diabetes mellitus.Trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=125817; Identifier, [ChiCTR2100046958].