bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ridge mini-implants, a versatile biomechanical anchorage device whose success is significantly enhanced by splinting: a clinical report
Authors: Abu Arqub Sarah , Greene Renee , Greene Sara , Laing Kolbe , Kuo Chia-Ling , Da Cunha Godoy Lucas , Uribe Flavio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This clinical report aims to highlight the factors affecting the clinical success of alveolar ridge mini-implants used for orthodontic anchorage and provide an overview of the biomechanical versatility of this miniscrew and steps involving the proper technique of its placement.

Methods
For this clinical report, charts for 295 patients who had temporary anchorage devices (TADs) were screened. Twenty patients [15 females and 5 males: mean age = 38.15 ± 15.10 years] with 50 alveolar ridge mini-screws were assessed. A descriptive summary of the main factors affecting their clinical success and the technique employed for their placement was comprehensively discussed and illustrated, in addition to the presentation of some clinical cases illustrating their potential clinical uses.

Results
The survival duration (7.32 ± 9.01 months) and clinical success of the alveolar ridge mini-implants that failed (19/50) seem to be affected primarily by 2 factors: splinting; none of the splinted mini-implants failed (0/10) compared to (19/40) of the single mini-implants that failed, and the length of the used mini-implant; the average length of the mini-implants that did not fail was 9.23 mm. Additionally, it appears that these mini-implants are biomechanically robust and durable, those that did not fail had an average survival duration of 35.97 ± 19.79 months.

Conclusion
Ridge mini-implants offer significant biomechanical versatility in patients with partially edentulous ridges needing complex pre-prosthetic orthodontic movements. The presence of splinting and the length of the used mini-implants are factors that might affect the clinical success of the alveolar ridge mini-implants.
Acute Effects of Single Versus Combined Inhaled β2-Agonists Salbutamol and Formoterol on Time Trial Performance, Lung Function, Metabolic and Endocrine Variables
Authors: Bizjak Daniel A. , Nussbaumer Dorle , Winkert Kay , Treff Gunnar , Takabajashi Kensuke , Mentz Lennart , Schober Franziska , Buhl Jasmine-Lèonike , John Lucas , Dreyhaupt Jens , Steeb Luise , Harps Lukas C. , Parr Maria K. , Diel Patrick , Zügel Martina , Steinacker Jürgen M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
High prevalence rates of β2-agonist use among athletes in competitive sports makes it tempting to speculate that illegitimate use of β2-agonists boosts performance. However, data regarding the potential performance-enhancing effects of inhaled β2-agonists and its underlying molecular basis are scarce.

Methods
In total, 24 competitive endurance athletes (12f/12m) participated in a clinical double-blinded balanced four-way block cross-over trial to investigate single versus combined effects of β2-agonists salbutamol (SAL) and formoterol (FOR), to evaluate the potential performance enhancement of SAL (1200 µg, Cyclocaps, Pb Pharma GmbH), FOR (36 µg, Sandoz, HEXAL AG) and SAL + FOR (1200 µg + 36 µg) compared to placebo (PLA, Gelatine capsules containing lactose monohydrate, Pharmacy of the University Hospital Ulm). Measurements included skeletal muscle gene and protein expression, endocrine regulation, urinary/serum β2-agonist concentrations, cardiac markers, cardiopulmonary and lung function testing and the 10-min time trial (TT) performance on a bicycle ergometer as outcome variables. Blood and urine samples were collected pre-, post-, 3 h post- and 24 h post-TT.

Results
Mean power output during TT was not different between study arms. Treatment effects regarding lung function (p < 0.001), echocardiographic (left ventricular end-systolic volume p = 0.037; endocardial global longitudinal strain p < 0.001) and metabolic variables (e.g. NR4A2 and ATF3 pathway) were observed without any influence on performance. In female athletes, total serum β2-agonist concentrations for SAL and FOR were higher. Microarray muscle gene analysis showed a treatment effect for target genes in energy metabolism with strongest effect by SAL + FOR (NR4A2; p = 0.001). Of endocrine variables, follicle-stimulating hormone (3 h Post–Post-TT), luteinizing hormone (3 h Post–Pre-TT) and insulin (Post–Pre-TT) concentrations showed a treatment effect (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions
No endurance performance-enhancing effect for SAL, FOR or SAL + FOR within the permitted dosages compared to PLA was found despite an acute effect on lung and cardiac function as well as endocrine and metabolic variables in healthy participants. The impact of combined β2-agonists on performance and sex-specific thresholds on the molecular and cardiac level and their potential long-term performance enhancing or health effects have still to be determined.
Trial registration: Registered at Eudra CT with the number: 2015-005598-19 (09.12.2015) and DRKS with number DRKS00010574 (16.11.2021, retrospectively registered).
Yang Kun’s academic shifts: from the French Annales School to Marxist ethnology
Authors: Zhou Xing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs one of the first generation of Chinese Ethnologists, Yang Kun witnessed the development of Chinese ethnology in the twentieth century. Since his return from France in 1931, he had devoted almost 70 years before his death in 1998 to the teaching and research of Chinese Ethnology. The inheritor of the ethnology of the French Annales School in China, he was committed to promoting the School in China and applying its methodologies in the Chinese context. But after the 1950s, he shifted his academic focus to Marxist ethnology and became one of the founders of Chinese Marxist ethnology. The academic legacy left by Yang Kun has since emerged as a crucial academic foundation for Chinese Ethnology.
The E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme CfRad6 regulates the autophagy and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum fructicola on Camellia oleifera
Authors: Luo Jing , Chen Yan , Guo Yuan , Li He , Zhang Shengpei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnthracnose is a common disease found in Camellia oleifera producing areas across China, whose primary pathogen is Colletotrichum fructicola. We previously revealed that autophagy is essential for the pathogenicity of C. fructicola. However, the function of ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS), which is a parallel protein degradation pathway to autophagy, remains elusive. Here, we report that CfRad6, an E2 conjugating enzyme in UPS, interacts with three putative E3 ubiquitin ligases, namely CfRad18, CfUbr1, and CfBre1. Importantly, we presented evidence showing that CfRad6 negatively regulates autophagy, revealing the first link between UPS and autophagy in pathogenic fungi. Targeted gene deletion showed that CfRad6 is involved in growth and conidiation. We further found that the ΔCfrad6 mutant is defective in appressoria formation and responses to environmental stresses. These combined effects, along with the abnormal autophagy level, lead to the pathogenicity defects of the ΔCfrad6 mutant. Taken together, our study indicates the pleiotropic functions of CfRad6 in the development and pathogenicity of C. fructicola.
d-dimer as a biomarker for COVID-19-associated pulmonary thromboembolism: a narrative review from molecular pathways to the imaging findings
Authors: Beidollahkhani Shadi , Fayedeh Farzad , Shoja Ahmad , Hassan Nejad Ehsan , Hoseinpour Mahdieh , Fazlpour Faezeh , Payandeh Asma , Pezeshki Rad Masoud , Moodi Ghalibaf AmirAli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019, also known as COVID-19, imposed various challenges to healthcare and became a pandemic accompanied by a high rate of mortality. This infection has many manifestations and affects nearly all body systems. The circulatory and coagulation systems also seem to be affected. Studies show elevated rates of thrombotic events within COVID-19 patients such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Incidences of such coagulopathies were correlated to poor patient prognosis and mortality. Given the importance, complication, and mortality caused by thrombotic events (TEs) in COVID-19 patients, the goals of this study are to collect and analyze data on coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients and the pathophysiology and molecular events behind it. We also aim to bring attention to the role of d-dimer in COVID-19 infection by presenting the most recent information available from research studies evaluating d-dimer as a potential biomarker for disease severity, as well as mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Main body
Various mechanisms are described for COVID-19 coagulopathies such as endothelial cell dysfunction, fibrinolysis inhibitor overexpression, immuno-thrombosis, and imbalance between pro- and anticoagulants, to name a few. d-dimer which is a degradation product of fibrin is a helpful diagnostic tool for the assessment of clots and thrombosis. Given the pro-thrombotic nature of COVID-19 infection, within the current narrative review, we studied the diagnostic value of d-dimer for PE prediction. Several studies utilized d-dimer as a predictive tool for detecting PE, and the results were varied. Different cutoff points are proposed ranging from 0.5 up to over 4 mg/L with varying sensitivity and specificity. Although CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the standard model for the prediction of PE, radiation exposure, contrast nephropathy, higher cost, and lack of adequate access can shift our diagnosis into models based on d-dimer.

Short conclusion
In summary, various coagulopathies have been associated with COVID-19 infection, and a safe and early diagnosis is needed. d-dimer showed various successes in PE prediction and can be a good candidate for further research and diagnostic model and algorithm development.
Transformative adaptation: from climate-smart to climate-resilient agriculture
Authors: Hellin Jon , Fisher Eleanor , Taylor Marcus , Bhasme Suhas , Loboguerrero Ana María 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn response to the climate crisis, there has been much focus on climate-smart agriculture (CSA); namely, technologies and practices that enhance adaptation, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to food security; the so-called triple win. Success has tended to be measured in terms of the number of farmers adopting CSA with less focus given to the impacts especially on human development. CSA can inadvertently lead to ‘maladaptation’ whereby interventions reinforce existing vulnerabilities either by benefitting powerful elites or by transferring risks and exposure between groups. Such maladaptive outcomes often stem from overly technical adaptation programming that is driven by external objectives and discounts the social and political dynamics of vulnerability. Increasingly a more nuanced picture is emerging. This reveals how a failure to contextualize CSA in relation to the structural socio-economic dynamics associated with agricultural systems that render some categories of farmer especially vulnerable to climate change, undermines CSA’s contribution to reducing rural poverty and increasing equity. In response, there is a growing focus on transformative orientations that pursue a more deep-seated approach to social, institutional, technological and cultural change in order to address the structural contributors to vulnerability and differential exposure to climate risk. Addressing these questions requires a robust consideration of the social contexts and power relations through which agriculture is both researched and practiced. For agriculture to be transformative and contribute to broader development goals, a greater emphasis is needed on issues of farmer heterogeneity, the dangers of maladaptation and the importance of social equity. This entails recognizing that resilience encompasses both agro- and socio-ecological dimensions. Furthermore, practitioners need to be more cognizant of the dangers of (i) benefiting groups of already better off farmers at the expense of the most vulnerable and/or (ii) focusing on farmers for whom agriculture is not a pathway out of poverty. The success of these approaches rests on genuine transdisciplinary partnerships and systems approaches that ensure adaptation and mitigation goals along with more equitable incomes, food security and development. The greater emphasis on social equity and human well-being distinguishes climate-resilient from climate-smart agriculture.
Empresas públicas - Caixa Econômica Federal - Seguros - Resseguros - SASSE
Authors: Silva Carlos Medeiros 
Published: August 2023

- A Constituição veda a extensão de normas de direito administrativo às empresas privadas, ainda que exerçam atividades controladas ou sob fiscalização do Poder Público.- As operações de seguros e resseguros realizadas por empresas públicas ou sociedade de economia mista devem pautar-se pelas mesmas regras estabelecidas para as entidades de direito privado, sem discriminação ou exigências de formalidades especiais, como a concorrência pública e o sorteio.- Não cabe ao Instituto de Resseguros do Brasil impugnarcontrato de seguro, verificar de sua regularidade para depois realizar o resseguro ou repudiá-lo. - Interpretação do art. 170, § 2Q da Constituição.
Institucionalização das regiões metropolitanas
Authors: Azevedo Eurico de Andrade 
Published: August 2023

1. A Federação Brasileira. 2. A linguagem constitucional. 3. A LeiComplementar no 14, de 8 de junho de 1973. 4. Os serviços de interessemetropolitano. 5. A administração metropolitana. 6. Os conselhos da região metropolitana. 7. A execução dos serviços comuns. 8. Os recursos financeiros e a participação da União.
Do poder administrativo, o poder entre poderes
Authors: Franco Sobrinho Manoel de Oliveira 
Published: August 2023

1. O Estado e o indivíduo. 2. O Estado-síntese. 3. Executivo e poder administrativo. 4. O Estado-função. 5. Autonomia substancial. 6. Condições que validam atos. 7. O Estado administrativo. 8. Ordenamento e condicionamentos jurídicos. 9. Atuação permanente do direito. 10. As funções operacionais administrativas. 11. Os pressupostos políticos e jurídicos. 12. Conduta não discricionária. 13. Centralização-descentralização. 14. Os critérios de controle. 15. Conclusão.
Patrimônio histórico - Tombamento - Notificação - Registro
Authors: Cavalcanti Themistocles Brandão 
Published: August 2023

- O princípio da legalidade deve ser obedecido como normano processo de tombamento, no respeito ao direito de terceiros e da utilização da propriedade privada.- A notificação dos interessados conhecidos, e estes são osproprietários das áreas vizinhas aos imóveis tombados, é providência indispensável à perfeição do ato de tombamento.- O registro público é que caracteriza o término do processode tombamento, é a prova de que o mesmo foi efetivado.
Imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias - Importação - Autorização legal
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Gonçalves de 
Published: August 2023

- O imposto sobre circulação de mercadorias, havendo autorizaçãolegal, pode ser cobrado de mercadorias importadas, a par do imposto de importação.- Não há que fazer distinção entre mercadoria importada ou bens de capital.
Teoria da empresa pública de sentido estrito
Authors: Cotrim Neto A. B. 
Published: August 2023

1. Trajano de Miranda Valverde lançou a "sociedade de economia mista" no Brasil (1939), Bilac Pinto seria o primeiro pregoeiro da "empresa pública" de sentido estrito (1952). 2. A empresa pública é adotada no direito legislado do país. 3. A economia mista alterna sistematicamente entre a preferência e o descrédito universais, ensejando a empresa pública. 4. Foi no Brasil onde primeiro se elaborou um estatuto para a empresa pública stricto sensu. 5. Literatura jurídica brasileira sobre esta entidade. 6. Considerações sobre o sentido amplo da expressão "empresa pública". 7. O termo "empresa pública" tomado como gênero, no sentido amplo, em congressos internacionais. 8. Idem: continuação. 9. Doutrina sobre o sentido genérico da expressão "empresa pública". 10. Novacap - a primeira empresa pública do Brasil. 11. Eclosão de empresas públicas no Brasil. 12. Classificação das empresas públicas. 13. Privilégios da empresa pública.14. Natureza jurídica dos bens da empresa pública. 15. Natureza jurídica dos bens de empresa filial do Estado que exerce atividade monopolizada. 16. Elogio da empresa pública, como instituída no Brasil. 17. Crítica do referido tipo de empresa pública.
Do direito líquido e certo nas desapropriações
Authors: Franco Sobrinho Manoel de Oliveira 
Published: August 2023

Procedimento, formas ou formalidades. 2. Casos que a lei regula e protege. 3. O fim público qualificado. 4. A posição das partes na relação. 5. A verdade juridica na lei expropriatária de 1941. 6. A segurança como instrumento protetor de direitos fundamentais. 7. O que dizem as leis expropriatárias. 8. Implicações de processo judicial. 9. O mandado de segurança como ação. 10. O mandado como ação direta. 11. Os pressupostos subjetivos da segurança. 12. Elementos que levam à nulidade do ato administrativo. 13. A omissão da administração. 14. O problema da lei é concreto e tangível. 15. Forma e finalidade. 16. Fatos e prova reconstituída. 17. Deveres de submissão e direitos categorizados. 18. Os condicionamentos jurídicos inafastáveis. 19. A justa motivação legal. 20. Conclusão geral na tese do cabimento da segurança.
Contratado - Regime jurídico próprio - Legislação trabalhista - Autonomia dos estados e municípios
Authors: Silva Carlos Medeiros 
Published: August 2023

- A lei especial, a que alude o texto constitucional, a propósito da contratação de pessoal, há de emanar dos poderes locais, em se tratando de servidores dos estados e municípios.- Os contratados poderão ficar sujeitos à legislação trabalhista, tanto na esfera federal, como na estadual ou municipal.- Somente as normas federais, expressamente inseridas no texto fundamental, são de aplicação obrigatória no plano estadual e municipal. Tudo o que não é vedado é permitido ao legislador local para atender às peculiaridades de seu serviço.
Situação jurídica dos naturalizados
Authors: Poletti Ronaldo Rebello de Britto 
Published: August 2023

1. O tema. 2. Disposições legais em vigor. 3. Primeiras conclusões.4. A causa das restrições constitucionais. 5. A evolução no direitoconstitucional brasileiro. 6. No direito comparado. 7. Perder a naturalização?8. A Lei rf! 6192, de 19 de dezembro de 1974. 9. Resumo das conclusões.
Responsabilidades do prefeito
Authors: Meirelles Hely Lopes 
Published: August 2023

1. Responsabilidade penai. 1.1 Crimes de responsabilidade. 1.2 Crimesfuncionais. 1.3 Crimes por abuso de autoridade. 1.4 Crimes comunse especiais. 1.5 Contravenções penais. 1.6 Prerrogativas processuais.2. Responsabilidade político-administrativa. 2.1 Infrações político-administrativas. 2.2 Cassação e extinção de mandato. 3. Responsabilidadecivil. 3.1 Conceito e condições para a indenização.
Imposto sobre serviços - Operações de empréstimo
Authors: Guimarães Carlos da Rocha 
Published: August 2023

- A competência dos municípios para tributar serviços é residual, isto é, faz-se necessário que o serviço não se inclua na competência tributária da União e dos Estados.- Uma cláusula de contrato não pode ser examinada isoladamentepara o fim de caracterizá-la.- As comissões sobre cobranças de duplicatas dadas em caução para garantir empréstimo financeiro são operações de crédito e, como tal, incluídas no campo de assento do IOF, da competência federal.
Desapropriação indireta - O direito de construir - Correção monetária
Authors: Wald Arnold 
Published: August 2023

- Cabe correção monetária em desapropriação indireta, de acordo com a jurisprudência.- Embargo de obra regularmente licenciada, para execução desubseqüente plano de urbanização, equivale a desapropriação indiretado direito de construir.
Autonomia municipal
Authors: Jappur José 
Published: August 2023

Evolução e histórico da autonomia municipal. O municipalismo nonovo regime constitucional. Precedente judiciário. Processo legislativomunicipal e o modelo federal. Fixação dos subsídios e verba de representação do prefeito. Critério da legislatura prevalente sobre afixação anual. Orientação doutrinária e jurisprudencial. Conclusões.
Sesquicentenário do Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Flôres Thompson 
Published: August 2023

Em sessão solene do Tribunal Pleno, realizada em 18 de setembro de1978, com a presença do Exmo. Sr. Presidente da República, Ministros de Estado, Presidente e membros das Casas do Congresso, Presidentes e membros dos Tribunais Superiores, autoridades civis, militares e eclesiásticas, magistrados, Reitores e professores universitários, representantes de órgãos de classe, advogados e membros do Ministério Público, o Supremo Tribunal Federal comemorou século e meio de existência como o mais alto Tribunal Judiciário do País.
A correção monetária na jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Wald Arnold 
Published: August 2023

"A correção monetária passou a ser um imperativo ético e jurídico,que o legislador, a Jurisprudência e a doutrina cumprem a passsoslargos." (Ministro Aliomar Baleeiro - Voto proferido no ERE n.º 75.504.)
Cognitive Biases Influence Decision‐Making Regarding Postacute Care in a Skilled Nursing Facility
Authors: Burke Robert E , Leonard Chelsea , Lee Marcie , Ayele Roman , Cumbler Ethan , Allyn Rebecca , Greysen S Ryan 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUNDDecisions about postacute care are increasingly important as the United States population ages, its use becomes increasingly common, and payment reforms target postacute care. However, little is known about how to improve these decisions.OBJECTIVETo understand whether cognitive biases play an important role in patient and clinician decision‐making regarding postacute care in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and identify the most impactful biases.DESIGNSecondary analysis of 105 semistructured interviews with patients, caregivers, and clinicians.SETTINGThree hospitals and three SNFs in a single metropolitan area.PATIENTSAdults over age 65 discharged to SNFs after hospitalization as well as patients, caregivers, and multidisciplinary frontline clinicians in both hospital and SNF settings.MEASUREMENTSWe identified potential cognitive biases from prior systematic and narrative reviews and conducted a team‐based framework analysis of interview transcripts to identify potential biases.RESULTSAuthority bias/halo effect and framing bias were the most prevalent and seemed the most impactful, while default/status quo bias and anchoring bias were also present in decision‐making about SNFs.CONCLUSIONSCognitive biases play an important role in decision‐making about postacute care in SNFs. The combination of authority bias/halo effect and framing bias may synergistically increase the likelihood of patients accepting SNFs for postacute care. As postacute care undergoes a transformation spurred by payment reforms, it is increasingly important to ensure that patients understand their choices at hospital discharge and can make high‐quality decisions consistent with their goals.