bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-Annual Variability of Common Carp and Bigmouth Buffalo Electrofishing Data in Shallow Lakes
Authors: Annear Andrew R. , Simonson Martin A. , Dixon Philip M. , Weber Michael J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Common Carp Cyprinus carpio and Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus are widespread across the Midwest, where they can achieve high population densities in shallow lakes. Despite their contrasting statuses as invasive and native fishes, these species are commonly managed together due to their capacity to have deleterious effects on water quality. However, intra-annual sampling variability is poorly understood for both species, making it difficult to track population changes. We compared boat electrofishing CPUE and proportional size distribution (PSD) of Common Carp and Bigmouth Buffalo during May–October 2018–2020 in seven shallow northwestern Iowa lakes. We also estimated sampling effort necessary to reach targets of fish captured (100) and precision (relative standard error &lt; 25%) and to detect 25% and 50% differences in CPUE between samples. Common Carp CPUE peaked in June (29 fish/h), declined across the summer, and was lowest in October (9 fish/h). Bigmouth Buffalo CPUE exhibited bimodal peaks in May (16 fish/h) and October (12 fish/h), with low catches during August (2 fish/h). Common Carp size structure was largest during October (PSD of preferred-size fish [PSD-P] = 92) and smallest in July (PSD-P = 58). Bigmouth Buffalo size structure was smaller in June (PSD-P = 20) than in all other months (PSD-P = 34). Our targets for number of fish captured and precision were typically reached within twenty-five 15-min electrofishing transects for Common Carp during periods of high catch rates but were not reached after 100 transects for Bigmouth Buffalo in most cases. Our results suggest that timing of sampling is important for reliably and efficiently assessing Common Carp and Bigmouth Buffalo populations. We recommend the sampling of Common Carp with electrofishing during June and the sampling of Bigmouth Buffalo during May in Midwestern shallow lakes to maximize catch rates while minimizing the influence of seasonal sampling variability.
Dextrin‐graft‐poly(2‐dimethylamino ethyl acrylate‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid) polymer: A potential adsorbent for the fast removal of nitrophenols from aqueous medium
Authors: Ray Jagabandhu , Tripathy Tridib 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA graft copolymer is synthesized by grafting a mixture of 2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate (DMAEA) and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) monomers onto the dextrin, polysaccharide backbone via free radical polymerization process using potassium peroxydisulfate (KPS) as radical initiator in aqueous phase. Various characterization techniques like 1H and 13C NMR, FT‐IR, SEM, EDAX, and XRD analysis are used to characterize the copolymer. The polymer is used as an adsorbent for the removal of nitrophenols namely ortho‐nitrophenol (ONP), para‐nitrophenol (PNP), and 2,4‐ dinitrophenol (DNP) from their water solutions. Adsorption dynamics, kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics are studied. The maximum nitrophenol adsorption occurs at time 80 min, temperature 45°C, pH 3.5 (DNP), and 4.5 (ONP and PNP), polymer dose 30 mg/L. The nitrophenol adsorption data are well‐fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity () 215.26 mg g−1 for ONP, 223.60 mg g−1 for PNP, and 288.24 mg g−1 for DNP. The equilibrium kinetics follow pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. Thermodynamic values unfold that the following nitrophenol adsorption onto the polymer surface is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The value of Gibb's free energy for the nitrophenol adsorption is in the range of −6.5 to −9.5 kJ mol−1. The preferential nitrophenol adsorption by the copolymer is followed in the order ONP<PNP<DNP.
Cloning of the promoter of rice brown planthopper feeding‐inducible gene OsTPS31 and identification of related cis‐regulatory elements
Authors: Chang Xinlei , Yang Mei , Li Hanpeng , Wu Jiemin , Zhang Jianguo , Yin Changxi , Ma Weihua , Chen Hao , Zhou Fei , Lin Yongjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBrown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious pests of rice in the world. Insect‐resistant genetic engineering is a very effective technology to control BPH. The promoters and cis‐regulatory elements inducible by plant‐feeding insects are critical for genetic engineering of insect‐resistant crops.ResultsIn this study, we cloned a promoter Ptps31 and a 7 bp cis–regulatory sequence that up‐regulated downstream genes induced by BPH feeding. The promoter of OsTPS31 (Ptps31) unresponsive to physical damage but responsive to BPH feeding was cloned and functionally verified. The results showed that expression of the OsBPH14 gene driven by the promoter region from −510 to −246 bp in rice could significantly improve the resistance to BPH. The promoter region from −376 to −370 bp (TAGTGTC) was identified as a cis‐regulatory sequence related to BPH feeding induction of downstream gene expression.ConclusionThe findings provide a new promoter and a new cis‐regulatory sequence tool for the research on and application of rice BPH resistance genes, as well as a new perspective for functional analysis of the OsTPS31 gene. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Controllable Spin‐Split Phantom Scars in Quantum Dots
Authors: Berger Michael , Berakdar Jamal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractQuantum states of systems with an underlying classical chaotic dynamics can be “scarred,” meaning that the associated probability density is localized around the short, unstable periodic orbits. Here, it is shown that, via tunneling, the scarred state can be imaged to a region that does not support scarring. This “phantom scar” is also present in the spin channel and has marked influence on the spin‐dependent system dynamics, as illustrated by explicit calculations for the fidelity and correlation functions. Numerical simulations and analysis are performed for the spin‐dependent electron dynamics in semiconductor‐based double quantum dots, including disorder, Rashba‐type spin‐orbital coupling, exchange fields, and external magnetic fields. The results elucidate the unique feature of scarring as a coherent phenomenon spanning the whole system and affecting its localization properties in a narrow spectral window.
See the Unseen: Red‐Emissive Carbon Dots for Visualizing the Nucleolar Structures in Two Model Animals and In Vivo Drug Toxicity
Authors: Xu Ke‐Fei , Jia Hao‐Ran , Wang Zihao , Feng Hui‐Heng , Li Ling‐Yi , Zhang Rufeng , Durrani Samran , Lin Fengming , Wu Fu‐Gen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNucleolus, which participates in many crucial cellular activities, is an ideal target for evaluating the state of a cell or an organism. Here, bright red‐emissive carbon dots (termed CPCDs) with excitation‐independent/polarity‐dependent fluorescence emission are synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal reaction between congo red and p‐phenylenediamine. The CPCDs can achieve wash‐free, real‐time, long‐term, and high‐quality nucleolus imaging in live cells, as well as in vivo imaging of two common model animals—zebrafish and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Strikingly, CPCDs realize the nucleolus imaging of organs/flowing blood cells in zebrafish at a cellular level for the first time, and the superb nucleolus imaging of C. elegans suggests that the germ cells in the spermatheca probably have no intact nuclei. These previously unachieved imaging results of the cells/tissues/organs may guide the zebrafish‐related studies and benefit the research of C. elegans development. More importantly, a novel strategy based on CPCDs for in vivo toxicity evaluation of materials/drugs (e.g., Ag+), which can visualize the otherwise unseen injuries in zebrafish, is developed. In conclusion, the CPCDs represent a robust tool for visualizing the structures and dynamic behaviors of live zebrafish and C. elegans, and may find important applications in cell biology and toxicology.
A Facile Method to Coat Nanoparticles with Lipid Bilayer Membrane: Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles Disguised as Biomembrane Vesicles by Particle Penetration of Concentrated Lipid Layers
Authors: Mizuta Ryosuke , Inoue Fumihito , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Sawada Shin‐ichi , Akiyoshi Kazunari 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNatural membrane vesicles, including extracellular vesicles and enveloped viruses, participate in various events in vivo. To study and manipulate these events, biomembrane‐coated nanoparticles inspired by natural membrane vesicles are developed. Herein, an efficient method is presented to prepare organic–inorganic hybrid materials in high yields that can accommodate various lipid compositions and particle sizes. To demonstrate this method, silica nanoparticles are passed through concentrated lipid layers prepared using density gradient centrifugation, followed by purification, to obtain lipid membrane‐coated nanoparticles. Various lipids, including neutral, anionic, and cationic lipids, are used to prepare concentrated lipid layers. Single‐particle analysis by imaging flow cytometry determines that silica nanoparticles are uniformly coated with a single lipid bilayer. Moreover, cellular uptake of silica nanoparticles is enhanced when covered with a lipid membrane containing cationic lipids. Finally, cell‐free protein expression is applied to embed a membrane protein, namely the Spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, into the coating of the nanoparticles, with the correct orientation. Therefore, this method can be used to develop organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials with an inorganic core and a virus‐like coating, serving as carriers for targeted delivery of cargos such as proteins, DNA, and drugs.
Low‐Energy Photons Dual Harvest for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution: Bimodal Surface Plasma Resonance Related Synergism of Upconversion and Pyroelectricity
Authors: Fang Jiaojiao , Wei Huimin , Chen Yukai , Dai Baoying , Ni Yaru , Kou Jiahui , Lu Chunhua , Xu Zhongzi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUtilization of low‐energy photons for efficient photocatalysis remains a challenging pursuit. Herein, a strategy is reported to boost the photocatalytic performance, by promoting low‐energy photons dual harvest through bimodal surface plasmon resonance (SPR)‐enhanced synergistically upconversion and pyroelectricity. It is achieved by introducing triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA‐UC) materials and plasmonic material (Au nanorods, AuNRs) into composite fibers composed of pyroelectric substrate (poly(vinylidene fluoride)) and photocatalyst Cd0.5Zn0.5S. Interestingly, the dual combination of TTA‐UC and AuNRs SPR in the presence of polyvinylidene fluoride substrate with pyroelectric property promotes the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance by 2.88 folds with the highest average apparent quantum yield of 7.0% under the low‐energy light (λ > 475 nm), which far outweighs the role of separate application of TTA‐UC (34%) and AuNRs SPR (76%). The presence of pyroelectricity plays an important role in the built‐in electric field as well as the accordingly photogenerated carrier behavior in the composite photocatalytic materials, and the pyroelectricity can be affected by AuNRs with different morphologies, which is proved by the Kelvin probe force microscopy and photocurrent data. This work provides a new avenue for fully utilizing low‐energy photons in the solar spectrum for improving photocatalytic performance.
Genome‐wide association analysis of spike and kernel traits in the U.S. hard winter wheat
Authors: Halder Jyotirmoy , Gill Harsimardeep S. , Zhang Jinfeng , Altameemi Rami , Olson Eric , Turnipseed Brent , Sehgal Sunish K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA better understanding of the genetic control of spike and kernel traits that have higher heritability can help in the development of high‐yielding wheat varieties. Here, we identified the marker‐trait associations (MTAs) for various spike‐ and kernel‐related traits in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). An association mapping panel comprising 297 hard winter wheat accessions from the U.S. Great Plains was evaluated for eight spike‐ and kernel‐related traits in three different environments. A GWAS using 15,590 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified a total of 53 MTAs for seven spike‐ and kernel‐related traits, where the highest number of MTAs were identified for spike length (16) followed by the number of spikelets per spike (15) and spikelet density (11). Out of 53 MTAs, 14 were considered to represent stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) as they were identified in multiple environments. Five multi‐trait MTAs were identified for various traits including the number of spikelets per spike (NSPS), spikelet density (SD), kernel width (KW), and kernel area (KA) that could facilitate the pyramiding of yield‐contributing traits. Further, a significant additive effect of accumulated favorable alleles on the phenotype of four spike‐related traits suggested that breeding lines and cultivars with a higher number of favorable alleles could be a valuable resource for breeders to improve yield‐related traits. This study improves the understanding of the genetic basis of yield‐related traits in hard winter wheat and provides reliable molecular markers that will facilitate marker‐assisted selection (MAS) in wheat breeding programs.
Analysis of the quality of industrialized coffee powder using the techniques of computed microtomography and x‐ray fluorescence
Authors: Machado Alessandra S. , de Sá Silva Aline S. , de Araújo Olga Maria Oliveira , Santos Ramon S. , Leitão Roberta G. , dos Anjos Marcelino J. , de Oliveira Davi F. , Lopes Ricardo T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe culture of coffee is very important in Brazilian scenery. Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, responsible for 30% of the planet's production, and it is among the 15 largest coffee consuming nations. More and more, consumers look for better quality of coffee, and the presence of determinate composts would prejudice the health of the consumers. Therefore, this study suggests a method to identify and quantify commercially roasted ground coffee impurities/contaminants using computed microtomography (micro‐CT) and x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. A set of different commercially roasted ground coffees were investigated. The micro‐CT results showed that most of the coffee powder samples analyzed showed some contaminant, and in a specific brand, the amount of contaminants was higher than 9%. The 3D data provided information about the size and shape of these contaminants. The XRF results showed the macro elements P, S, Cl, K, and Ca and the micro elements Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr. The elemental concentrations are in agreement with the values reported in the literature, except for the same specific brand, where the values found were much higher. The combined data of both techniques showed that the amount of impurities/contaminants in the ground coffee results in an increase of the macro and micro nutrients and also modifies the flavor and fragrance of the product, leading to an overall poor quality of the final beverage.
The Many Faces of Social Connectedness and Their Impact on Well-being
Authors: Hoffman Adar , Mehrpour Anahita , Staerklé Christian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDifferent theoretical frameworks have been developed to account for the impact of social connectedness on individual outcomes such as vulnerability and subjective well-being, in particular approaches based on social identity theory, on social networks, and on social capital. We review research that describes how such social connectedness approaches rooted in psychological, social-psychological and sociological traditions demonstrate the link between social relations, vulnerability and well-being.We summarize and compare key arguments of these approaches in terms of their views on the processes relating the collective-relational to the individual-psychological. Indeed, social connectedness is generally associated with positive individual outcomes (such as prevention of physical and mental health issues and improved subjective well-being).Under some circumstances, however, these positive effects weaken or disappear. We therefore discuss boundary conditions of these processes, by looking at research explaining variation of the relation between connectedness and well-being as a function of social conditions (e.g., structural inequality, weak social relations, or negative social identities).Last, we discuss specificities and commonalities between approaches, for example regarding bridging and bonding social capital, or intergroup and intragroup relations. We highlight the tensions between approaches and offer some guidelines regarding their most promising use as a function of one’s research goals.
Vulnerability around Health Issues: Trajectories, Experiences and Meanings
Authors: Burton-Jeangros Claudine , Fargnoli Vanessa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses how vulnerability takes on contrasting and ambivalent meanings when approached at different levels. More specifically, the chapter stresses that institutional approaches do not necessarily align with the perceptions and experiences of those who are defined as vulnerable. Over the last several decades, scientific knowledge, and technical and medical measures have supported the development of the prevention and management of vulnerability. However, despite social and public health interventions, vulnerability reduction remains unequal across social groups. Starting from this mismatch, this chapter focuses on how individuals in vulnerable circumstances develop their own strategies and meanings in a context of adversity, along but also against collective definitions of and responses to vulnerability. Based on research conducted in LIVES on health trajectories, the first section of the chapter shows the importance of paying attention to various understandings of vulnerability while stressing their situated character. The second section illustrates the argument in greater depth by using elements from a qualitative study on the experience of HIV-infected women’s trajectories to highlight contradictions between their own understandings of vulnerability and its medical framing. In conclusion, the chapter stresses the importance to policy making of defining vulnerability based on people’ s needs and their own assessments.
Life Trajectories as Products and Determinants of Social Vulnerability
Authors: Gauthier Jacques-Antoine , Aeby Gaëlle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter aims at uncovering the heuristic potential associated with analyzing family and occupational trajectories holistically for the study of social vulnerability. Empirically, sequence analysis shows that distinct and enduring structuring processes shape individual life courses. Long term historical processes contribute to standardize or to the contrary to diversify life trajectories. Institutional mechanisms based among others on gender differentiation lead to uneven participation in the labor market and in family life for women and men. The ways in which an individual trajectory unfolds in one social domain is influenced by the way it unfolds in another domain. Over their life course, individuals accumulate positive or negative life experiences closely linked to resources availability. For instance, the experience of parenthood can be simultaneously fulfilling and stressful; its actual impact on individuals depends on previous vulnerability as well as on active and dormant resources. Variations regarding cultural, socioeconomic or relational resources embedded in personal networks available to individuals are key indicators to explain the different patterns following which life trajectories are shaped over time and systemically associated with social vulnerability. This chapter shows that life trajectories have to be understood dynamically as being both a product and a determinant of social vulnerability.
Subjective Well-Being, Family Dynamics and Vulnerability
Authors: Le Goff Jean-Marie , Ryser Valérie-Anne , Bernardi Laura 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is a wealth of empirical studies linking the life events and transitions to variations in subjective wellbeing. These studies are often cross sectional or, when taking a dynamic approach, they address one life domain at the time. Within LIVES, the relationship between family transitions (like the transition to parenthood, couple separation, lone motherhood) and well-being has been investigated longitudinally and with attention to the spillovers between the family and other life domains. Several projects show the extent to which family events or phases affect individual subjective wellbeing in the short or long term and what are the interdependencies with employment and health trajectories. Results show also gender differences in the way different types of stressors act and are reacted to. For instance, men and women have different strategies and mobilize different resources and reserves drawing on various life domains (economic, social, cognitive) to deal with stressors related to critical events and transitions. In this chapter, we review and discuss the results of such projects (becoming a parent study, lone motherhood project, etc.) in the light of a multidimensional understanding of vulnerability processes across the life course.
Joint Longitudinal and Survival Models to Study Vulnerability Processes
Authors: Joly-Burra Emilie , Cekic Sezen , Ghisletta Paolo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn many life-course research fields (e.g., sociology, psychology, economy, medicine, epidemiology) data often include repeated assessments of a variable and a dichotomous indicator of an event of interest. Such data naturally lend themselves to answering questions concerning the associations between individual trajectories and the occurrence and timing of discrete events. For instance, is one’s trajectory of health satisfaction spanning over dozens of years related to the risk of dying at a given age? Mixed-effect and survival models are well established to separately study such variables: mixed-effect models can conveniently be applied to characterize one’s trajectory, whereas survival models are ideally suited to study the risk of an event occurring. Joint longitudinal and survival models conveniently allow studying the associations between statistical characteristics of individual-based trajectories and individual survival features. In this chapter we first describe aspects of both longitudinal and survival models, to then discuss how the two can jointly be estimated, and thereby conditioned on each other, in joint models. We illustrate joint models on data from the publicly available Swiss Household Panel.