bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspective on the Preparation Methods of Single Crystalline High Nickel Oxide Cathode Materials
Authors: Zhou Weidong , Huang Hao , Liu Xiaohang , Gao Jian , Hao Shu‐meng , Yang Yong , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLi(NixCoyMnz)O2 (x + y + z = 1, NCM), as one of the most dominant cathode materials in electric vehicle (EV) batteries, faces the challenges of poor cycling stability and safety concerns with the increase of Ni content and charge/discharge capacity. Single crystalline NCM (SC‐NCM) materials have been developed to mitigate these challenges, owing to their lower surface areas, fewer grain boundaries, and better morphological stability. Here, the preparation strategies of SC‐NCM are summarized, including continuous high‐temperature sintering (CHTS), molten salt method, pulse high‐temperature sintering (PHTS), and controllable growth with special orientations or sizes. CHTS produces irregular SC‐NCM particles, but is accompanied by Li‐volatilization and agglomeration during long‐term sintering. The molten salt helps to lower calcination temperature and generate well‐defined crystalline material, but generally causes large capacity loss due to the Li/H exchange in the following water rinsing procedure. To address the above challenges, the PHTS strategy has recently been recently proposed, which mitigates Li‐loss through shortened high‐temperature stage and avoids further water rinsing steps. For improving the C‐rate performance, controllable crystal growth with specific sizes and crystal orientations is highly desired, which calls for further investigation and upgrading of current large‐scale preparation technology.
Soil total carbon and nitrogen under long‐term perennial bioenergy crops receiving various nitrogen fertilization rates
Authors: Sainju Upendra M. , Allen Brett L. , Lenssen Andrew W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPerennial crops may sequester greater soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) than annual crops due to higher root biomass production, but the potential of long‐term cultivation of perennial bioenergy crops receiving various N fertilization rates in sequestering C and N needs further exploration. Soil samples (0–120 cm) collected from 2009 to 2019 under perennial bioenergy crops receiving various N fertilization rates and an annual crop were analyzed for soil total C (STC) and N (STN) in the US northern Great Plains. Perennial bioenergy crops were intermediate wheatgrass (IW, Thinopyrum intermedium [Host] Barkworth and Dewey), smooth bromegrass (SB, Bromus inermis L.), and switchgrass (SG, Panicum virgatum L.); N fertilization rates were 0, 28, 56, and 84 kg N ha−1, and annual crop was spring wheat (WH, Triticum aestivum, L.). The STC increased, but STN decreased by soil depth, regardless of treatments and years. At 0–120 cm, IW sequestered C at 10.6 Mg C ha−1 year−1 compared with 5.4–6.8 Mg C ha−1 year−1 for SB and SG from 2009 to 2019. Nitrogen fertilization rate had limited effect on STC and STN. At 0–30 cm, STC was 2.0–5.4 Mg C ha−1 greater and STN 0.10–0.24 Mg N ha−1 greater with perennial bioenergy crops than WH. Long‐term cultivation of IW can sequester more C in the soil to a greater depth than SB and SG and perennial bioenergy crops can sequester more C and N at the surface layer than an annual crop in the semiarid region of the US northern Great Plains.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine therapy in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: A multicenter single‐arm phase II study (NAC‐GA trial)
Authors: Okada Ken‐ichi , Kimura Kenjiro , Yamashita Yo‐Ichi , Shibuya Kazuto , Matsumoto Ippei , Satoi Sohei , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Kodera Yasuhiro , Akahori Takahiro , Hirono Seiko , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Asakuma Mitsuhiro , Tani Masaji , Hatano Etsuro , Ikoma Hisashi , Ohira Go , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Wan Ke , Shimokawa Toshio , Kawai Manabu , Yamaue Hiroki ,   The NAC‐GA investigators
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundNab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine is a standard treatment for metastatic/locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant therapy with nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (GnP‐NAT) in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) remains unclear.Patients and MethodsThis single‐arm phase II trial included 61 patients with BRPC that were treated with two cycles of GnP‐NAT, (nab‐paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2), on days 1, 8, and 15 over a 4‐week period, which comprised one cycle. The primary endpoint was overall survival time. In the absence of disease progression, patients underwent planned pancreatectomy.ResultsMedian overall survival, the primary endpoint, was 25.2 months, and the median recurrence‐free survival was 12.3 months. The overall rate of grade 3/4 events was 73.8%. One patient, who had a history of radiation therapy for past esophageal cancer, died from exacerbation via pneumonia. The overall resection rate was 73.8% (n = 45), and the R0 resection rate was 63.9% (n = 39). Overall, postoperative complications were found in 19 patients (42%) with 24 events, and nine patients (20%) with nine events ≥ grade IIIa, based on Dindo's classification.ConclusionsThis protocol treatment is thought to be a feasible, safe, and promising treatment regimen, but we caution against its use in patients with a history of interstitial lung disease and/or prior pulmonary irradiation. The survival data from this study suggest the need for further investigations of GnP‐NAT efficacy in patients with BRPC, as well as prospective evaluation of adverse events.Clinical Trial RegistrationUMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000024154 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02926183.
Natural history, predictors of development of extramedullary disease, and treatment outcomes for patients with extramedullary multiple myeloma
Authors: Zanwar Saurabh , Ho Matthew , Lin Yi , Kapoor Prashant , Binder Moritz , Buadi Francis K. , Dispenzieri Angela , Dingli David , Fonder Amie , Gertz Morie A. , Gonsalves Wilson , Hayman Suzanne R. , Hwa Yi , Hobbs Miriam , Kourelis Taxiarchis , Lacy Martha Q. , Leung Nelson , Muchtar Eli , Warsame Rahma , Jevremovic Dragan , Kyle Robert A. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Kumar Shaji 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) can present either at initial diagnosis (de novo) or at disease relapse (secondary) and confers an aggressive clinical course. Limited data exist for choosing the optimal therapy for EMM and this remains an area of unmet clinical need. After excluding paraskeletal multiple myeloma and primary plasma cell leukemia, we identified 204 (68%) patients with secondary EMM and 95 (32%) with de novo EMM between January 01, 2000 and 31 December, 2021. The median overall survival (OS) was 0.7 (95% CI: 0.6–0.9) years for secondary EMM and 3.6 (95%CI: 2.4–5.6) years for de novo EMM. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) with initial therapy was 2.9 months (95% CI: 2.4–3.2 months) for secondary EMM and 12.9 months (95% CI: 6.7–18 months) for de novo EMM. Patients with secondary EMM treated with CAR‐T therapy (n = 20) achieved a partial response (PR) or better in 75% with a median PFS of 4.9 months (3.1 months‐not reached; NR). Patients with EMM treated with bispecific antibodies (n = 12) achieved a ≥ PR in 33%, with a median PFS of 2.9 months (95%CI: 2.2 months‐NR). In a matched cohort, multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated younger age at diagnosis, 1q duplication, and t(4;14) at diagnosis of MM to be independent predictors of development of secondary EMM. Presence of EMM was independently associated with inferior OS in the matched cohorts for both de novo (HR 2.9 [95% CI: 1.6–5.4], p = .0007) and secondary EMM (HR 1.5 [95% CI: 1.1–2], p = .001).
Do work–family conflict or family–work conflict mediate relationships between work‐related hazards and stress and pain?
Authors: Weale Victoria , Lambert Katrina A. , Graham Melissa , Stuckey Rwth , Oakman Jodi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevious research has identified associations between work–family conflict (WFC) and health outcomes (e.g., musculoskeletal pain). This study investigated whether WFC and family–work conflict explain relationships between exposure to work‐related hazards and musculoskeletal pain and stress for workers undertaking some or all of their work at home. Possible differences by home workspace location were also explored.MethodsLongitudinal survey data were collected from workers in Australia engaged in work from home for at least two days per week. Data was collected at four timepoints approximately 6 months apart (Baseline [October 2020] n = 897; Wave 1 [May/June 2021] n = 368; Wave 2 [October/November 2021] n = 336; Wave 3 [May 2022] n = 269). Subjective measures of work‐related psychosocial hazards, occupational sitting and physical activity, musculoskeletal pain, and stress were collected via an online questionnaire. Mediation analyses were conducted using the R package “mediation.” Analyses were also conducted with the data set stratified by home office location, using R version 4.1.3.ResultsBoth WFC and family–work conflict acted as mediators between psychosocial work‐related hazards and musculoskeletal pain and stress. WFC mediated more relationships than family–work conflict. Location of home workspace was important, particularly for those working in a space at home where they may be subject to interruptions.ConclusionAddressing WFC is a legitimate means through which musculoskeletal pain and stress can be reduced. Organizational risk management strategies need to address all work‐related risks, including those stemming from work‐life interaction.
Solvent‐Dependent Etherification of 4‐Hydroxycoumarins with Diazo Esters under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Yang Zixian , Wu Xian , Xiang Chengli , Yu Jin‐Tao , Pan Changduo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA visible‐light‐promoted O−H functionalization of 4‐hydroxycoumarins with α‐diazo esters was developed for the synthesis of 4‐hydroxycoumarin ethers under photocatalyst‐free conditions. Moreover, the three‐component reaction of 4‐hydroxycoumarins, α‐diazo esters and THF formed a series of 4‐hydroxycoumarin ether derivatives with alkoxyl spacers in yields up to 91%. The above mentioned solvent‐dependent carbene insertion transformations were conducted under extremely mild conditions with the tolerance of moisture and oxygen.
Factors associated with the outcome of patients with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation: A single‐center observational study in Japan
Authors: Deguchi Ryo , Nishimura Tetsuro , Matsuo Kenji , Wakita Fumiaki , Kawamoto Akihiro , Uchida Kenichiro , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Yamada Koichi , Kakeya Hiroshi , Fujii Hiromichi , Shibata Toshihiko , Mizobata Yasumitsu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) spread worldwide, and was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Despite numerous studies in the last few years, the factors associated with the outcomes of patients with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation remain unclear. The prediction of ventilator weaning and mortality using the data obtained at the time of intubation could be beneficial for establishing appropriate treatment strategies and obtaining informed consent. In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between patient information at the time of intubation and the outcomes of intubated COVID‐19 patients.MethodsThis retrospective observational study used single‐center data from patients with COVID‐19. Patients with COVID‐19 who were admitted to Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022, and under mechanical ventilation were included. The main outcome was defined as the factors related to ventilator weaning; a multivariate analysis was carried out to evaluate the association between patient information at the time of intubation and the outcome.ResultsIn total, 146 patients were included in this study. The factors significantly associated with ventilator weaning were age (65–74 years old, adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.168; 75 years and older, adjusted OR, 0.121), vaccination history (adjusted OR, 5.655), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) respiration score (adjusted OR, 0.007) at the time of intubation.ConclusionAge, SOFA respiration score, and COVID‐19 vaccination history at the time of intubation could be associated with outcomes in patients with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation.
Bonding and Acidity of the Formal Hydride in the Prototypical Au9(PPh3)8H2+ Nanocluster
Authors: Hernández Hanna Morales , Sun Qiwei , Rosati Matthew , Gieseking Rebecca L. M. , Johnson Christopher J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe role of hydrogen atoms as surface ligands on metal nanoclusters is of profound importance but remains difficult to directly study. While hydrogen atoms often appear to be incorporated formally as hydrides, evidence suggests that they donate electrons to the cluster's delocalized superatomic orbitals and may consequently behave as acidic protons that play key roles in synthetic or catalytic mechanisms. Here we directly test this assertion for the prototypical Au9(PPh3)8H2+ nanocluster, formed by addition of a hydride to the well‐characterized Au9(PPh3)83+. Using gas‐phase infrared spectroscopy, we were able to unambiguously isolate Au9(PPh3)8H2+ and Au9(PPh3)8D2+, revealing an Au−H stretching mode at 1528 cm−1 that shifts to 1038 cm−1 upon deuteration. This shift is greater than the maximum expected for a typical harmonic potential, suggesting a potential governing cluster‐H bonding that has some square‐well character consistent with the hydrogen nucleus behaving as a metal atom in the cluster core. Complexing this cluster with very weak bases reveals a redshift of 37 cm−1 in the Au−H vibration, consistent with those typically seen for moderately acidic groups in gas phase molecules and providing an estimate of the acidity of Au9(PPh3)8H2+, at least with regard to its surface reactivity.
Pond basin colonization by terrestrial vegetation indicates wetland deterioration
Authors: Díaz‐Paniagua C. , Ramírez‐Soto M. , Aragonés D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Efforts to conserve the pond network in the Doñana National Park are being threatened by groundwater overexploitation. The dramatic expansion of farming and tourism in nearby areas has caused a severe lowering of the water table, reducing pond hydroperiod length or even instigating pond desiccation. It is important to document the link between groundwater abstraction and pond deterioration with a view to decreasing human pressures on the park and preserving the pond network's singular biodiversity.
Here, the gradual deterioration of one of the network's main ponds is described in detail by characterizing vegetation patterns within the pond's basin using orthophotos taken between 1956 and 2019.
In the earliest images, the pond contained a wide central area of bare soil during its dry phase. This area was surrounded by reeds and had a line of Tamarix canariensis trees along its southern edge. Starting in 2000, the orthophotos showed the pond's gradual colonization by terrestrial vegetation. In tandem, pond hydroperiod decreased, as did the length of time the pond retained certain depths of water. In recent years, Tamarix trees finally fully invaded the pond's central area, which is surrounded by reeds and has scattered terrestrial bushes and pines.
This invasion resulted from the pond's sparse inundation over recent decades, being the cover of trees related to the depth of groundwater, and is a clear sign of pond deterioration. More broadly, colonization by terrestrial vegetation has been observed in approximately 60% of the network's ponds.
Colonization of temporary pond basins by terrestrial vegetation can be used as an indicator of deterioration and highlights the need for active restoration and management.
The Association Between Age at Diagnosis and Disease Characteristics and Damage in Patients With ANCA‐Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Bloom Jessica L. , Pickett‐Nairn Kaci , Silveira Lori , Fuhlbrigge Robert C. , Cuthbertson David , Akuthota Praveen , Corbridge Thomas C. , Khalidi Nader A. , Koening Curry L. , Langford Carol A. , McAlear Carol A. , Monach Paul A. , Moreland Larry W. , Pagnoux Christian , Rhee Rennie L. , Seo Philip , Silver Jared , Specks Ulrich , Warrington Kenneth J. , Wechsler Michael E. , Merkel Peter A. ,   for the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study examined the relationship between age at diagnosis and disease characteristics and damage in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsAnalysis of a prospective longitudinal cohort of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic GPA (EGPA) in the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (2013–2021). Disease cohorts were divided by age at diagnosis (years): children (<18), young adults (18–40), middle‐aged adults (41–65), and older adults (>65). Data included demographics, ANCA type, clinical characteristics, Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI) scores, ANCA Vasculitis Index of Damage (AVID) scores, and novel disease‐specific and non‐disease‐specific damage scores built from VDI and AVID items.ResultsAnalysis included data from 1020 patients with GPA/MPA and 357 with EGPA. Female predominance in GPA/MPA decreased with age at diagnosis. AAV in childhood was more often GPA and proteinase 3‐ANCA positive. Children with GPA/MPA experienced more subglottic stenosis and alveolar hemorrhage; children and young adults with EGPA experienced more alveolar hemorrhage, need for intubation, and gastrointestinal involvement. Older adults (GPA/MPA) had more neurologic manifestations. After adjusting for disease duration, medications, tobacco, and ANCA, all damage scores increased with age at diagnosis for GPA/MPA (P < 0.001) except the disease‐specific damage score, which did not differ (P = 0.44). For EGPA, VDI scores increased with age at diagnosis (P < 0.009), whereas all other scores were not significantly different.ConclusionAge at diagnosis is associated with clinical characteristics in AAV. Although VDI and AVID scores increase with age at diagnosis, this is driven by non‐disease‐specific damage items.image
Imagining risk taking: The valence of mental imagery is related to the declared willingness to take risky actions
Authors: Smieja Joanna , Zaleskiewicz Tomasz , Sobkow Agata , Traczyk Jakub 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present research was to investigate the involvement of mental imagery in people's choices under risk. We tested the general idea that decision makers can use visual mental images (visual mental simulations) to pre‐experience how rewarding or threatening future outcomes of risky behavior will be and try out the potential consequences of their risky activities. The paper reports the results of three preregistered studies (including one experiment) showing that the valence of mental imagery is related to the willingness to take risky actions and that people spontaneously use mental imagery as an informative decision input. In Study 1, we found that the more positive mental images people produced when faced with risk, the more willing they were to take risky actions representing different risk domains. Study 2 extended the results of Study 1, indicating that the valence of mental imagery has a causal effect on participants' risk taking willingness. Qualitative analysis based on independent judges' evaluations conducted in Studies 1 and 2 documented that, when requested, participants could easily generate visual mental images illustrating the consequences of their risky choices. Finally, with Study 3, we found that participants declared using mental imagery as a decision input (i.e., a source of information that helps them make choices) even when they were not instructed to do so. However, the frequency of reporting images as decision inputs differed across risky activities.
Alterations of large‐scale functional network connectivity in patients with infantile esotropia before and after surgery
Authors: Guo Jianlin , Chen Yuanyuan , Liu Wen , Huang Lijuan , Hu Di , Lv Yanqiu , Kang Huiying , Li Ningdong , Peng Yun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidences have indicated neurodevelopmental disorders in infantile esotropia (IE). However, few studies have analyzed the characteristics of large‐scale functional networks of IE patients or their postoperative network‐level alterations.MethodsHere, individuals with IE (n = 32) and healthy subjects (n = 30) accomplished the baseline clinical examinations and resting‐state MRI scans. A total of 17 IE patients also underwent corrective surgeries and completed the longitudinal clinical assessments and resting‐state MRI scans. Linear mixed effects models were applied for cross‐sectional and longitudinal network‐level analyses. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between longitudinal functional connectivity (FC) alterations and baseline clinical variables.ResultsIn cross‐sectional analyses, network‐level FC were apparently aberrant in IE patients compared to controls. In longitudinal analyses, intra‐ and internetwork connectivity were observed with significant alterations in postoperative IE patients compared to the preoperative counterparts. Longitudinal FC changes are negatively correlated to the age at surgery in IE.ConclusionsObviously, altered network‐level FC benefiting from the corrective surgery serves as the neurobiological substrate of the observed improvement of stereovision, visuomotor coordination, and emotional management in postoperative IE patients. Corrective surgery should be performed as early as possible to obtain more benefits for IE in brain function recovery.
Clinical outcome assessment trends in clinical trials—Contrasting oncology and non‐oncology trials
Authors: Kim Yeonju , Gilbert Mark R. , Armstrong Terri S. , Celiku Orieta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinical outcome assessments (COAs) are key to patient‐centered evaluation of novel interventions and supportive care. COAs are particularly informative in oncology where a focus on how patients feel and function is paramount, but their incorporation in trial outcomes have lagged that of traditional survival and tumor responses. To understand the trends of COA use in oncology and the impact of landmark efforts to promote COA use, we computationally surveyed oncology clinical trials in ClinicalTrials.gov comparing them to the rest of the clinical research landscape.MethodsOncology trials were identified using medical subject heading neoplasm terms. Trials were searched for COA instrument names obtained from PROQOLID. Regression analyses assessed chronological and design‐related trends.ResultsEighteen percent of oncology interventional trials initiated 1985–2020 (N = 35,415) reported using one or more of 655 COA instruments. Eighty‐four percent of the COA‐using trials utilized patient‐reported outcomes, with other COA categories used in 4–27% of these trials. Likelihood of COA use increased with progressing trial phase (OR = 1.30, p < 0.001), randomization (OR = 2.32, p < 0.001), use of data monitoring committees (OR = 1.26, p < 0.001), study of non‐FDA‐regulated interventions (OR = 1.23, p = 0.001), and in supportive care versus treatment‐focused trials (OR = 2.94, p < 0.001). Twenty‐six percent of non‐oncology trials initiated 1985–2020 (N = 244,440) reported COA use; they had similar COA‐use predictive factors as oncology trials. COA use increased linearly over time (R = 0.98, p < 0.001), with significant increases following several individual regulatory events.ConclusionWhile COA use across clinical research has increased over time, there remains a need to further promote COA use particularly in early phase and treatment‐focused oncology trials.