bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of ultraviolet (UV) radiation does not impede host location in egg parasitoids with positive UV phototaxis
Authors: Gaudreau Mathilde , Souza Mikaela T. , LeBlanc Flavie , Brodeur Jacques , Abram Paul K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In insects and other terrestrial arthropods, foraging is guided in part by visual cues making use of optical radiation, which includes ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Manipulating UV exposure with lamps and photo‐selective materials can help protect crops by disrupting related wavelength‐dependent behaviours in various pests, but little is known on how this could also affect the behaviour of their natural enemies.
To investigate the effects of UV‐A radiation on parasitoid wasp foraging behaviours, we conducted laboratory and semi‐field experiments on female Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus utahensis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) that parasitize stink bug egg masses.
In small laboratory arenas, both species of egg parasitoid displayed a positive UV phototaxis, but UV exposure also reduced their daily spontaneous locomotor activity regardless of the time of day.
In large field cages, parasitism (i.e., host discovery and exploitation) rates were mostly unaffected by UV‐attenuated conditions created by UV‐absorbing filters (macrohabitat level) and/or by the plant canopy (microhabitat level).
This study indicates that UV radiation can be involved in egg parasitoid foraging behaviours without UV attenuation negatively affecting parasitism, reflecting the heterogeneity and potentially hazardous nature of this abiotic factor.
We highlight the importance of examining the role of UV radiation as an environmental cue in beneficial insects, especially with the prospect of combining physical and biological pest management strategies.
Abnormal features of human self‐domestication in bipolar disorder
Authors: Benítez‐Burraco Antonio , Hansen Ethan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental condition characterized by episodes of elevated mood and depression. Being a heritable condition, it features a complex genetic architecture, although it is not still clear how genes contribute to the onset and course of the disease. In this paper, we adopted an evolutionary‐genomic approach to this condition, focusing on changes occurred during human evolution as a source of our distinctive cognitive and behavioural phenotype. We show clinical evidence that the BD phenotype can be construed as an abnormal presentation of the human self‐domestication phenotype. We further demonstrate that candidate genes for BD significantly overlap with candidates for mammal domestication and that this common set of genes is enriched in functions that are important for the BD phenotype, especially neurotransmitter homeostasis. Finally, we show that candidates for domestication are differentially expressed in brain regions involved in BD pathology, particularly, the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex, which have been subject to recent changes in our species. Overall, this link between human self‐domestication and BD should facilitate a better understanding of the BD etiopathology.
Sex differences in clinical characteristics of migraine and its burden: a population‐based study
Authors: Chalmer Mona Ameri , Kogelman Lisette J. A. , Callesen Ida , Christensen Charlotte Grønvold , Techlo Tanya Ramdal , Møller Peter L. , Davidsson Olafur B. , Olofsson Isa A. , Schwinn Michael , Mikkelsen Susan , Dinh Khoa Manh , Nielsen Kaspar , Topholm Mie , Erikstrup Christian , Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Pedersen Ole Birger ,   DBDS Genomic Consortium, Hjalgrim Henrik , Banasik Karina , Burgdorf Kristoffer S. , Nyegaard Mette , Olesen Jes , Hansen Thomas Folkmann 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeUnderstanding migraine in a sex‐specific manner is crucial for improving clinical care, diagnosis and therapy for both females and males. Here, data on sex differences are provided in the presentation of migraine in a large European‐based population cohort, which is representative of the general population.MethodsA population‐based study of 62,672 Danish blood donors (both present and previous donors), of whom 12,658 had migraine, was performed. All participants completed a 105‐item diagnostic migraine questionnaire sent via an electronic mailing system (e‐Boks) between May 2020 and August 2020. The questionnaire allowed for correct diagnosis of migraine according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition.ResultsThe migraine questionnaire was in‐cohort validated and had a positive predictive value of 97% for any migraine, a specificity of 93% and a sensitivity of 93%. There were 9184 females (mean age 45.1 years) and 3434 males (mean age 48.0 years). The 3‐month prevalence of migraine without aura was 11% in females and 3.59% in males. The 3‐month prevalence of migraine with aura was 1.72% in females and 1.58% in males. In females, the age‐related 3‐month prevalence of migraine without aura increased markedly during childbearing age. In males, migraine both with and without aura showed less age variation. Females had a higher frequency of migraine attacks (odds ratio [OR] 1.22) but a lower frequency of non‐migraine headaches (OR = 0.35). Females also had a greater intensity of pain, more unilateral and pulsatile pain, and exacerbation by physical activity (OR = 1.40–1.49) as well as more associated symptoms (OR = 1.26–1.98). Females carried 79% of the total migraine disease burden, which was almost exclusively driven by migraine without aura (77%), whilst there was no sex difference in the disease burden of migraine with aura.ConclusionFemales have more severe disease, resulting in a much higher migraine disease burden than indicated by prevalence alone.
Public accountability and democracy: An accountability stage in the theatre of democracy
Authors: Christensen Mark , Yamamoto Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article traverses the range of issues evoked by research relating public accountability and democracy. It conceptualizes these issues as being a mosaic that is ever‐changing and has been growing significantly in size since the 1970s. That mosaic presents itself in this Special Issue as being accountability appearances on a stage that is viewed within a theatre of democracy. The articles published in this Special Issue are also introduced.
Evaluation of combination therapies with colistin in an experimental mouse pneumonia model induced by carbapenem‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain
Authors: Unal Onur , Kaya Onur , Ozturk Tuba , Cetin Emel Sesli , Gonen Ibak , Temel Esra Nurlu , Akcam Fusun Zeynep 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe treatment options are limited in Acinetobacter baumannii infections. In this study, the effectiveness of colistin monotherapy and combinations of colistin with different antibiotics were investigated in an experimental pneumonia model induced by carbapenem‐resistant A. baumannii strain. Mice in the study were divided into five groups as control (no treatment), colistin monotherapy, colistin + sulbactam, colistin + imipenem, and colistin + tigecycline combinations. The modified experimental surgical pneumonia model of Esposito and Pennington was applied to all groups. The presence of bacteria in blood and lung samples was investigated. Results were compared. In blood cultures, while there was no difference between the control and colistin groups, there was a statistical difference between the control and the combination groups (P = 0.029). When the groups were compared in terms of lung tissue culture positivity, there was a statistical difference between the control group and all treatment groups (colistin, colistin + sulbactam, colistin + imipenem, and colistin + tigecycline) (P = 0.026, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.002, respectively). The number of microorganisms that grew in the lung tissue was found to be statistically significantly lower in all treatment groups in comparison with the control group (P = 0.001). Both monotherapy and combination therapies of colistin were found to be effective in the treatment of carbapenem‐resistant A. baumannii pneumonia, but the superiority of combination therapies over colistin monotherapy has not been demonstrated.
Induction of a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg) in rat model causes insulin resistance with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sharma Mridula , Chan Hor Kuan , Lavilla Charlie A. , Uy Mylene M. , Froemming Gabriele Ruth Anisah , Okechukwu Patrick Nwabueze 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStreptozotocin (STZ) is a broad‐spectrum antibiotic that is toxic to the insulin‐producing beta cells of the pancreatic islets. STZ is currently used clinically for the treatment of metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas and the induction of diabetes mellitus (DM) in rodents. So far, there has been no previous research to show that STZ injection in rodents causes insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to determine if rats (Sprague–Dawley) developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (insulin resistance) after 72 h of intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg STZ. Rats with fasting blood glucose levels above 11.0 mM, 72 h post‐STZ induction, were used. The body weight and plasma glucose levels were measured every week throughout the 60‐day treatment period. The plasma, liver, kidney, pancreas, and smooth muscle cells were harvested for antioxidant, biochemical analysis, histology, and gene expression studies. The results revealed that STZ was able to destroy the pancreatic insulin‐producing beta cell, as evidenced by an increase in plasma glucose level, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Biochemical investigation indicates that STZ can generate diabetes complications through hepatocellular damage, elevated HbA1c, kidney damage, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular damage, and impairment of the insulin‐signaling pathway.
Climate impact of diverting residual biomass to cement production
Authors: Adetona Adekunbi B. , Nhuchhen Daya R. , Layzell David B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCo‐firing residual lignocellulosic biomass with fossil fuels is often used to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially in processes like cement production where fuel costs are critical and residual biomass can be obtained at a low cost. Since plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere, CO2 emissions from biomass combustion are often assumed to have zero global warming potential (= 0) and do not contribute to climate forcing. However, diverting residual biomass to energy use has recently been shown to increase the atmospheric CO2 load when compared to business‐as‐usual (BAU) practices, resulting in values between 0 and 1. A detailed process model for a natural gas‐fired cement plant producing 4200 megagrams of clinker per day was used to calculate the material and energy flows, as well as the lifecycle emissions associated with cement production without and with diverted biomass (supplying 50% of precalciner energy demand) from forestry and landfill sources. Biomass co‐firing reduced natural gas demand in the precalciner of the cement plant by 39% relative to the reference scenario (100% natural gas), but the total demands for thermal, electrical, and diesel (transportation) energy increased by at least 14%. Assuming values of zero for biomass combustion, cement's lifecycle GHG intensity changed from the reference (natural gas only) plant by −40, −23, and − 89 kg CO2/Mg clinker for diverted biomass from slash burning, forest floor and landfill biomass, respectively. However, using the calculated values for diverted biomass from these same fuel sources, the lifecycle GHG intensities changes were −37, +20 and +28 kg CO2/Mg clinker, respectively. The switch from decreasing to increasing cement plant GHG emissions (i.e., forest floor or landfill feedstocks scenarios) highlights the importance of calculating and using the factor when quantifying lifecycle GHG impacts associated with diverting residual biomass to bioenergy use.
Effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and pioglitazone on FIB‐4 index in metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Mino Masaaki , Kakazu Eiji , Sano Akitoshi , Katsuyama Hisayuki , Hakoshima Mariko , Yanai Hidekatsu , Aoki Yoshihiko , Imamura Masatoshi , Yamazoe Taiji , Mori Taizo , Yoshio Sachiyo , Inoue Jun , Masamune Atsushi , Kanto Tatsuya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe antidiabetic drugs sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and thiazolidinediones have beneficial effects on the liver dysfunction of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to determine the efficacy of these drugs for the treatment of liver disease in patients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and T2DM.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective study of 568 patients with MAFLD and T2DM. Of these, 210 were treating their T2DM with SGLT2is (n = 95), 86 with pioglitazone (PIO), and 29 with both. The primary outcome was the change in Fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4) index between baseline and 96 weeks.ResultsAt 96 weeks, the mean FIB‐4 index had significantly decreased (from 1.79 ± 1.10–1.56 ± 0.75) in the SGLT2i group, but not in the PIO group. The aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hemoglobin A1c, and fasting blood sugar significantly decreased in both groups (ALT: SGLT2i group, −17 ± 3 IU/L; PIO group, −14 ± 3 IU/L). The bodyweight of the SGLT2i group decreased, but that of the PIO group increased (−3.2 kg and +1.7 kg, respectively). When the participants were allocated to two groups according to their baseline ALT (>30 IU/L), FIB‐4 index significantly decreased in both groups. In patients taking pioglitazone, the addition of SGLT2i improved liver enzymes but not FIB‐4 index for 96 weeks.ConclusionsTreatment with SGLT2i causes a larger improvement in FIB‐4 index than PIO in patients with MAFLD over 96 weeks.
‘There is nothing for me’: A qualitative analysis of the views towards prison education of adult male prisoners convicted of a sexual offence
Authors: Slater Jane , Winder Belinda , O'Grady Anne , Banyard Phil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis current study examined the perceptions and lived experiences of prisoners (n = 24) who do not engage with prison education. United Kingdom and international research highlights that prisoners who attend prison education programmes have lower recidivism rates and increased employment opportunities upon release (Abeling‐Judge, 2019; Bozick et al., 2018). This qualitative study interviewed adult males who are serving a custodial sentence for a sexual offence in England and Wales. The data were analysed thematically with two key themes emerging from the rich dataset: (i) ‘Poor quality education’, highlighting the limitations of prison education and lack of quality provision; (ii) ‘We are sex offenders’, explored non‐engagement with prison education due to their ‘sex offender’ label. The findings highlight how current prison education provision needs to focus on a programme of study relevant to an individual.
Antibiofilm activity of crude bacteriocin JM01 produced by Pediococcus acidilactici against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Kim Ji Hyeon , Ahn Hyunwoo , Lee Daehyeop , Lee Hyunjun , Kim Wang June 
Published: March 2023

SummaryStaphylococcus aureus frequently produces biofilm and causes human infections associated with the ingestion of contaminated food. Based on the acknowledgement that the antibiofilm agents for methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) have not been developed yet, this study investigated the potentiality of the JM01 bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici JM01 as an effective antibiofilm agent for MRSA. To investigate the antibiofilm activity of bacteriocin JM01 and its mechanism, antibacterial and anti‐adhesive property assays were performed against MRSA. The effect of JM01 bacteriocin on MRSA biofilm formation was examined by crystal violet staining, the 2,3‐bis‐[2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulphophenyl]‐2H‐tetrazolium‐5‐carboxanilide reduction assay and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The inhibition effect of JM01 bacteriocin on MRSA growth was examined by spot plate assay and spectrophotometry. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and the bicinchoninic acid method were conducted to determine the adhesion of JM01 bacteriocin for preventing MRSA adhesion to the polystyrene surface. The results revealed that JM01 bacteriocin significantly reduced the biofilm formation of MRSA by inhibiting its growth and adhesion to a polystyrene surface. These results demonstrate that JM01 bacteriocin could be a potential candidate for the regulation of biofilm formation by MRSA.
The dark side of leadership: A systematic review of creativity and innovation
Authors: Mehraein Vahid , Visintin Francesca , Pittino Daniel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is believed that workplace creativity and innovation are fostered by positive leader behaviors and positive workplace relationships and hindered by the opposite. However, some challenge this view and argue that creativity and innovation can also be fostered when employees experience what is increasingly referred to as “the dark side of leadership”. Research in this area is sparse, contradictory, and overly confusing. We provide a comprehensive systematic review of 106 empirical studies on this topic. We review research on a broad range of constructs, including abusive supervision, authoritarian leadership, narcissistic leadership, and close monitoring. As might be expected, a larger number of the articles reviewed found a negative relationship, but there are important discrepancies and details. Our review reports the main effects, summarizes the results of the mediating and moderating variables, and highlights methodological shortcomings of the previous literature. On this basis, several recommendations are made to advance this field of research.
RETRACTED: Effect of ultrasound‐supported wound debridement in subjects with diabetic foot ulcers: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Haiting , Xiao Ting , Zhang Ling , Liu Ning , Liang Xia , Li Tuodi , Wang Jinying , Peng Yaozhong , Liu Yanping , Xu Jiali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis study to assess the effect of ultrasound‐supported wound debridement (USSD) in subjects with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). A comprehensive literature examination till January 2023 was implemented and 1873 linked studies were appraised. The picked studies contained 577 subjects with DFUs in the studies' baseline, 282 of them were using USSD, 204 were using standard care, and 91 were using a placebo. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the consequence of USSD in subjects with DFUs by the dichotomous styles and a fixed or random effect model. The USSD applied to DFU caused a significantly higher wound healing rate compared with the standard care (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.94–4.88, P < .001) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%) and the placebo (OR, 7.61; 95% CI, 3.11–18.63, P = .02) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). The USSD applied to DFUs caused a significantly higher wound healing rate compared with the standard care and the placebo. Though precautions should be taken when commerce with the consequences as all of the picked studies for this meta‐analysis was with low sample sizes.
Synergistic modification of properties in Ba[(Zn0.8Mg0.2)1/3Nb2/3]O3 ceramics through ordered domain engineering
Authors: Guo Rui Ze , Shi Rui Da , Zhu Xiao Li , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ordered domain engineering was investigated for Ba[(Zn0.8Mg0.2)1/3Nb2/3]O3 microwave dielectric ceramics to synergistically modify the physical properties especially the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency τf and quality factor Q value together with the thermal conductivity. The ordered domain structure could be tailored and controlled by the post‐densification annealing, and the fine ordered domain structures with high ordering degree and low‐energy domain boundary were obtained in the present ceramics annealed around 1400°C for 24 h, where the Qf value was improved from 51 000 to 118 000 GHz, τf was suppressed from 30 to 25.5 ppm/°C. Moreover, the thermal conductivity at room temperature was increased from 3.79 to 4.30 W m−1 K−1, and the Young's modulus was improved from 98 to 214 GPa. The present work provided a promising approach for synergistic modification of physical properties in Ba‐based complex perovskite microwave dielectric ceramics.
Strength of additively manufactured alumina with different debinding and sintering heat treatments
Authors: Boardman Sarah , Packard Corinne E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLithography‐based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) utilizes slurries with low solids loading, which makes pressureless sintering to full density especially difficult. A further compounding issue in sintering to full density and establishing structure–property–processing relationships for LCM alumina is the fact that the current literature lacks consensus on heat treatments to achieve full densities. Treatment specifics that are recorded are frequently ambiguous and insufficiently detailed. In this work, temperatures and times for debinding and sintering schedules were varied to characterize the influence of heat treatment parameters on density, microstructure, and flexural strength of high‐purity, LCM‐formed alumina. Removing the bisque‐fire from debinding and fine‐tuning sintering parameters produced parts with full densities, high flexural strengths, and Weibull moduli that match or exceed the values documented in a round robin study of traditionally processed alumina.
Global warming leads to habitat loss and genetic erosion of alpine biodiversity
Authors: Meza‐Joya Fabio Leonardo , Morgan‐Richards Mary , Koot Emily M. , Trewick Steven A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimSpecies living on steep environmental gradients are expected to be especially sensitive to global climate change, but little is known about the factors influencing their responses to contemporary warming. Here, we investigate the influence of climate on the biogeography of three alpine species with overlapping ranges.LocationTe Waipounamu (South Island) Aotearoa–New Zealand.TaxonEndemic alpine adapted Catantopinae grasshoppers.MethodsWe used niche modelling to estimate and project the potential niche of three focal species under past and future climate scenarios. Vulnerability assessments were performed using niche factor analyses. Demographic trends and phylogeographic structure were investigated using samples from 15 mountain tops to generate mitochondrial DNA haplotype networks and population genetic statistics.ResultsNiche models and genetic data suggest suitable habitat for all three alpine species was more widespread and contiguous in the past than today. Demographic analyses indicate in situ survival rather than post‐Pleistocene colonisation of current habitat. Population structuring and genetic divergence suggest that mountain uplift during the Pliocene and environmental barriers during Pleistocene glacial and interglacial stages shaped contemporary population structure of each species. Although geographically overlapping, niche analyses suggest these alpine species are not ecologically identical, each showing distinct responses to environmental change, but all will lose intraspecific diversity through population extinction.Main ConclusionsClimatic, biological and geophysical factors controlled population structuring of three cold‐adapted species during the Pleistocene with a legacy of spatially separate intraspecific lineages. Ecological niche models for each species emphasise distinct combinations of environmental proxies, but all are expected to experience severe habitat reduction during climate warming. Increased global temperatures drive available habitat to higher elevation resulting in population contractions, range shifts, habitat fragmentation, local extinctions and genetic impoverishment. Despite alpine species not being ecologically identical, we predict all mountain biota will lose significant genetic diversity due to global warming.