bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable water consumption and water‐saving behaviours: A review of consumers' environmental and economic concerns in Turkey
Authors: Avci İbrahim 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWater, which plays an important role in human life, has been depleted as a result of changing consumption patterns, climate change and increasing population, and water scarcity has emerged as one of the most pressing issues facing the world in the coming years. One solution to this problem is to make more efficient and sustainable use of existing water resources. In this context, the study aims to investigate the effects of consumers' environmental and economic concerns on sustainable water consumption behaviour, as well as the mediating role of water‐saving behaviour in these effects. For this purpose, it was discovered that environmental and economic concerns have positive effects on sustainable water consumption behaviour as a result of an analysis of data collected from 591 consumers in Turkey via the online survey method; it was determined that environmental concerns have no effect on water‐saving behaviour, whereas economic concerns have a positive effect on water‐saving behaviour. According to the findings of the mediation analysis, water‐saving behaviour only serves to mediate the effect of economic concerns on sustainable water consumption behaviour.
Strong periodic solutions to quasilinear parabolic equations: An approach by the Da Prato–Grisvard theorem
Authors: Brandt Felix , Hieber Matthias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article develops an approach to unique, strong periodic solutions to quasilinear evolution equations by means of the classical Da Prato–Grisvard theorem on maximal ‐regularity in real interpolation spaces. The method is used to show that quasilinear Keller–Segel systems admit a unique, strong ‐periodic solution in a neighborhood of 0 provided the external forces are ‐periodic and satisfy certain smallness conditions. A similar assertion applies to a Nernst–Planck–Poisson type system in electrochemistry. The proof for the quasilinear Keller–Segel systems relies also on a new mixed derivative theorem in real interpolation spaces, that is, Besov spaces, which is of independent interest.
Semisimple four‐dimensional topological field theories cannot detect exotic smooth structure
Authors: Reutter David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe prove that semisimple four‐dimensional oriented topological field theories lead to stable diffeomorphism invariants and can therefore not distinguish homeomorphic closed oriented smooth four‐manifolds and homotopy equivalent simply connected closed oriented smooth four‐manifolds. We show that all currently known four‐dimensional field theories are semisimple, including unitary field theories, and once‐extended field theories which assign algebras or linear categories to 2‐manifolds. As an application, we compute the value of a semisimple field theory on a simply connected closed oriented 4‐manifold in terms of its Euler characteristic and signature. Moreover, we show that a semisimple four‐dimensional field theory is invariant under ‐stable diffeomorphisms if and only if the Gluck twist acts trivially. This may be interpreted as the absence of fermions amongst the ‘point particles’ of the field theory. Such fermion‐free field theories cannot distinguish homotopy equivalent 4‐manifolds. Throughout, we illustrate our results with the Crane–Yetter–Kauffman field theory associated to a ribbon fusion category, settling in the negative the question of whether it is sensitive to smooth structure. As a purely algebraic corollary of our results applied to this field theory, we show that a ribbon fusion category contains a fermionic object if and only if its Gauss sums vanish.
Leveraging Full-Field Deformation Measurements in Computational Modeling of Damage
Authors: Schlenker Sara , Tekerek Emine , Kontsos Antonios 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Advances in sensing and nondestructive evaluation methods have increased the interest in developing data-driven modeling and associated computational workflows for model-updating, in relation also to a variety of emerging digital twin applications. In this context, of particular interest in this investigation are transient effects that lead to or are caused by deformation instabilities, typically found in the cases of complex material behavior or interactions between material and geometry. In both cases, deformation localizations are observed which are typically also related to damage effects. This paper describes a novel framework to incorporate deformation data into a finite element model (FEM) that has been formulated using non-local mechanics and is capable of receiving such data and using it to describe the development of localizations. Specifically, experimentally measured full-field displacement data is used as an input in FEM as an ad-hoc boundary condition at any or every node in the body. To achieve this goal, a plasticity model which includes a spatially averaged non-local hardening parameter in the yield criterion is used to account for associated numerical instabilities and mesh dependence. Furthermore, the introduction of a length scale parameter into the constitutive law allows the connection between material behavior, geometry, and localizations. Additional steps remove the experimental data and evolve the computational predictions forward in time. Both one and three-dimensional boundary value problems are used to present results obtained by the proposed framework, while comments are made in terms of its potential uses.
Positron Annihilation and EBSD Studies of Subsurface Zone Created During Friction in Vanadium
Authors: Dryzek Jerzy , Wróbel Mirosław 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Positron lifetime and electron backscatter diffraction studies were performed on pure vanadium samples subjected to the sliding test. The changes in the microstructure produced in this test are extending even to a depth of about 450 µm. As shown by the diffraction of electron backscattering, near this surface, just after starting the sliding test, a tribolayer with refinement randomly oriented grains is formed. The thickness of this layer varies from 8 µm to 19 µm depending on the sliding conditions and the mean grain size is about 0.2 µm. Its source is believed to be a continuous process of dynamic recrystallization. In this layer, the formation of cracks and debris is observed as well. Below is an intermediate layer with elongated grains and serrated grain boundaries in which a geometric dynamic recrystallization process has been recognized as well.
Vaping and socioeconomic inequalities in smoking cessation and relapse: a longitudinal analysis of the UK Household Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hardie Iain , Green Michael James 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSmoking is a key cause of socioeconomic health inequalities. Vaping is considered less harmful than smoking and has become a popular smoking cessation aid, and therefore has potential to reduce inequalities in smoking.MethodsWe used longitudinal data from 25 102 participants in waves 8–10 (2016 to early 2020) of the UK Household Longitudinal Study to examine how vaping affects socioeconomic inequalities in smoking cessation and relapse. Marginal structural models were used to investigate whether vaping mediates or moderates associations between educational attainment and smoking cessation and relapse over time. Multiple imputation and weights were used to adjust for missing data.ResultsRespondents without degrees were less likely to stop smoking than those with a degree (OR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.54–0.77), and more likely to relapse (OR: 1.74; 95% CI 1.37–2.22), but this inequality in smoking cessation was not present among regular vapers (OR: 0.99; 95% CI 0.54–1.82). Sensitivity analyses suggested that this finding did not hold when comparing those with or without any qualifications. Inequalities in smoking relapse did not clearly differ by vaping status.ConclusionsVaping may be especially helpful as a cessation aid for smokers without degree level education and therefore may help reduce inequalities in smoking. Nevertheless, other supports or aids may be needed to reach the most disadvantaged (ie, those with no qualifications) and to help people avoid relapse after cessation, though we did not find clear evidence suggesting that vaping would increase inequalities in relapse.
Self-bound embedding Class I anisotropic stars by gravitational decoupling within vanishing complexity factor formalism
Authors: Habsi Moza Al , Maurya S. K. , Badri Sara Al , Al-Alawiya Maryam , Mukhaini Tasnim Al , Malki Hajer Al , Mustafa G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present a spherically symmetric embedding Class I solution for compact star models using the gravitational decoupling approach. We have chosen a null complexity factor condition proposed by Herrera (Phys Rev D 97:044010, 2018) in the context of a self-gravitating system and derive the anisotropic solution through a systematic approach given by Contreras and Stuchlik (Eur Phys J C 82:706, 2022). In this regard, we use the Finch–Skea model along with the mimicking of mass constraint to find fluid pressure and the matter-energy density from the Einstein Field Equations (EFE). We tested the physical viability and impact of gravitational decoupling on the anisotropic solution through the graphical representation. Moreover, the energy exchange between the fluid distributions along with the mass-radius ratio of different compact objects has been also discussed.
On the 2-part of the Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for elliptic curves with complex multiplication by the ring of integers of ℚ(−7)
Authors: Yoshida Takumi 
Published: April 2023

For a modular elliptic curve [Formula: see text] and its quadratic twists [Formula: see text], we give equivalent conditions such that the [Formula: see text]-Selmer group [Formula: see text] is minimal, namely, it is of order [Formula: see text]. One of these conditions is described by the [Formula: see text]-value [Formula: see text]. The other conditions are described by quadratic and biquadratic residue symbol, so explicit and computable (and one can compute the density of [Formula: see text]). Also we prove the full Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture when the equivalent conditions are satisfied. This generalizes a result by J. Coates, Y. Li, Y. Tian and S. Zhai.
Determination of Flowing Electrolyte Parameters in a Zinc-Air Fuel Cell by the Taguchi Method
Authors: Huang K. David , Nguyen Minh-Khoa , Yang Cheng-Jung , Chen Po-Tuan 
Published: April 2023

The flowing electrolyte in a zinc-air fuel cell (ZAFC) can reduce the problem of incomplete reaction caused by the concentration gradient of the electrolyte. In this study, we propose a self-developed ZAFC with a flowing electrolyte system and optimize control parameters. The anode of the ZAFC used Zn particles through which the electrolyte penetrates and combined with a negative pressure pump to allow the potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte to have an effective chemical reaction with the Zn particles during the discharge process. However, the flow rate of the electrolyte is required to match other control parameters, such as operating temperature, KOH concentration, and cell size, to effectively improve the efficiency of ZAFC. Therefore, the Taguchi method is adopted to obtain the optimal reaction parameters and the key factors affecting the discharge efficiency of the cell. The best operation condition is the temperature at 50°C, the KOH concentration of 30% wt, and the electrolyte flow rate of 150ml/min; then, the maximum power obtained from the experimental results is 13.8 W, the maximum current density reaches 699.721

mA/cm2, and the maximum power density is 395.037 mW/cm2. This paper provides valuable insights for the upgrade of ZAFC for future practical applications.
Truncation of GalNAc-type O-glycans Suppresses CD44-mediated Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lin Neng-Yu , Lee Jian-Jr , Chen Syue-Ting , Lin Jung-An , Lin Chia-Hsuan , Lin Hsuan-Yu , Su Yong-Han , Chen Cheng-Chang , Lin Mei-Chun , Kuo Ching-Ying , Huang Min-Chuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The glycoprotein CD44 is a key regulator of malignant behaviors in breast cancer cells. To date, hyaluronic acid (HA)-CD44 signaling pathway has been widely documented in the context of metastatic bone diseases. Core 1 β1,3-galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1) is a critical enzyme responsible for the elongation of O-glycosylation. Aberrant O-glycans is recognized as a hallmark in cancers. However, the effects of C1GALT1 on CD44 signaling and bone metastasis remain unclear. In this study, IHC analysis indicated that C1GALT1 expression positively correlates with CD44 in breast cancer. Silencing C1GALT1 accumulates the Tn antigen on CD44, which decreases CD44 levels and osteoclastogenic signaling. Mutations in the O-glycosites on the stem region of CD44 impair its surface localization as well as suppress cell–HA adhesion and osteoclastogenic effects of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated the inhibitory effect of silencing C1GALT1 on breast cancer bone metastasis and bone loss. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of O-glycans in promoting CD44-mediated tumorigenic signals and indicates a novel function of C1GALT1 in driving breast cancer bone metastasis.

Implications:
Truncation of GalNAc-type O-glycans by silencing C1GALT1 suppresses CD44-mediated osteoclastogenesis and bone metastasis in breast cancer. Targeting the O-glycans on CD44 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for blocking cancer bone metastasis.
DNA Methylation of Birthweight–Blood Pressure Genes and Changes of Blood Pressure in Response to Weight-Loss Diets in the POUNDS Lost Trial
Authors: Kou Minghao , Li Xiang , Shao Xiaojian , Grundberg Elin , Wang Xuan , Ma Hao , Heianza Yoriko , Martinez J. Alfredo , Bray George A. , Sacks Frank M. , Qi Lu 
Published: April 2023

Background:
DNA methylation (DNAm) may play a critical role in bridging prenatal adverse events and cardiometabolic disorders including hypertension in later life.

Methods:

We included 672 adult participants with overweight or obesity, who participated in a 2-year randomized weight-loss dietary intervention study. We defined the regional DNAm levels as the average methylation level of 5’-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3’ within 500 bp of
LINC00319
(cg01820192),
ATP2B1
(cg00508575), and
LMNA
(cg12593793), respectively. Generalized linear regression models were used to assess the association between the regional DNAm and 2-year blood pressure changes. Trajectory analysis was used to identify subgroups that shared a similar underlying trajectory of 2-year blood pressure changes.

Results:

The regional DNAm at
LINC00319
, showed significantly different associations with 2-year changes in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among participants assigned to low- or high-fat diets (
P
for interaction<0.05 for all). In response to the low-fat diet, per SD higher regional DNAm at
LINC00319
was associated with greater reductions in both 2-year changes in systolic blood pressure (β, −1.481;
P
=0.020) and diastolic blood pressure (β, −1.096;
P
=0.009). Three trajectories of changes in systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure were identified, and participants with higher regional DNAm at
LINC00319
were more likely to experience and maintain decreased systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (odds ratio of being in decrease-stable versus stable [95% CI], 1.542 [1.146–2.076] and 1.463 [1.125–1.902]).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that DNAm could be a metabolic memory bridging early and later life, and an indicator of more benefits from eating a low-fat weight-loss diet.
Assessing the Surface Downward Longwave Irradiance Models Using ERA5 Input Data in Canada
Authors: Khorsandi Mostafa , St-Hilaire Andre , Arsenault Richard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Longwave radiation (LR) is one of the energy balance components responsible for warming and cooling water during hot summers. Both downward incoming LR, emitted by the atmosphere, and outgoing LR emitted by the land surface are not widely measured. The influence of clouds on the LR heat budget makes it even harder to establish reliable formulations for all-sky conditions. This paper uses air temperature and cloud cover from the ERA5 reanalysis database to compare 20 models for the downward longwave irradiance (DLI) at Earth’s surface and compare them with ERA5’s DLI product. Our work uses long-time continuous DLI measured data at three stations over Canada, and ERA5 reanalysis, a reliable source for data-scarce regions, such as central British Columbia (Canada). The results show the feasibility of the local calibration of different formulations using ERA5 reanalysis data for all-sky conditions with RMSE metrics ranging from 37.1 to 267.3 W m−2, which is comparable with ERA5 reanalysis data and can easily be applied at broader scales by implementing it into hydrological models. Moreover, it is shown that ERA5 gridded data for DLI shows the best results with RMSE = 31.7 W m−2. This higher performance suggests using ERA5 data directly as input data for hydrological and ecological models.
Dual-Frequency Wind-Driven Mixed Rossby–Gravity Waves in the Equatorial Indian Ocean
Authors: Nagura Motoki , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Frequency spectra of in situ meridional velocity measurements in the central equatorial Indian Ocean show two distinct peaks at “quasi biweekly” periods of 10–30 days. One is near the surface at frequencies of 0.06–0.1 cpd (periods of 10–17 days) and the other is in the pycnocline (∼100-m depth) at lower frequencies of 0.04–0.06 cpd (periods 17–25 days). Analysis of a wind-forced ocean general circulation model shows that variability in the two frequency bands represents wind-driven mixed Rossby–gravity waves. The waves share a similar horizontal structure, but the meridional scale of lower-frequency variability is about one-half of that of higher-frequency variations. Higher-frequency variability has its largest amplitude in the eastern basin while the lower-frequency variability has its largest amplitude in the central basin. The vertical wavelength of lower-frequency variability is smaller by a factor of 3–4 than that of higher-frequency variability. These results are consistent with expectations from linear mixed Rossby–gravity wave theory. Numerical simulations show that the primary driver of these waves is surface wind forcing in the central and eastern Indian Ocean and that dynamical instability does not play a major role in their generation.

Significance Statement
Spectra of meridional velocity in the central equatorial Indian Ocean from in situ measurements show two distinct peaks in the biweekly period band with different spatial structures. This study uses an ocean general circulation model to show that variability in these two bands is driven by surface winds that are themselves spatially structured. The variability in both period bands is consistent with linear mixed Rossby–gravity wave theory, but the spatial structures, including meridional trapping scale, vertical wavelength, and zonal distribution of energy, are very different.
Can improvement in delivery of smoking cessation care be sustained in psychiatry inpatient settings through a system change intervention? An analysis of statewide administrative health data
Authors: Plever Sally , Kisely Steve , Bonevski Billie , McCarthy Irene , Emmerson Brett , Ballard Emma , Anzolin Melissa , Siskind Dan , Allan John , Gartner Coral 
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study evaluated maintenance of improved delivery of smoking cessation assistance in adult acute psychiatry inpatient units 3 years post statewide implementation of a system change intervention through analysis of a statewide administrative health dataset. Method: Rates of documenting smoking status and providing a brief smoking cessation intervention (the Smoking Cessation Clinical Pathway) in all eligible Queensland public adult acute psychiatry inpatient units ( N = 57) during the implementation phase (October 2015–September 2017) of a system change intervention were compared to the maintenance phase (October 2017–October 2020) using interrupted time series analysis. Results: Across implementation and maintenance phases, the percentage of discharges from psychiatry inpatient units that had a smoking status recorded remained high with the statewide average exceeding 90% (implementation phase 93.2%, 95% confidence interval = [92.4, 93.9]; and maintenance phase 94.6%, 95% confidence interval = [94.0, 95.2]). The percentage of discharges statewide with a completed Pathway stabilised during the maintenance phase (change in slope −3.7%, 95% confidence interval = [−5.2, −2.3]; change in level 0.4%, 95% confidence interval = [−7.0, 7.9]). Conclusion: An evidence-based smoking cessation intervention implemented with a system change intervention resulted in sustained improvement in addressing smoking in adult inpatient psychiatry units up to 3 years post implementation.
Higher serum nerve growth factor levels are associated with major depressive disorder pathophysiology: a case–control study
Authors: Salsabil Lubaba , Shahriar Mohammad , Islam Sardar Mohammad Ashraful , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Qusar MMA Shalahuddin , Islam Md. Rabiul 
Published: April 2023

Objective There is a lack of established biological, psychological, social, and digital markers for the prediction, identification, and stratification of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We therefore aimed to evaluate serum nerve growth factor (NGF) in MDD patients. Methods In this case–control study, we recruited MDD patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). A qualified psychiatrist evaluated study participants according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition. Serum NGF levels were analyzed using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results We analyzed data from 106 MDD patients and 88 HCs. Mean serum NGF concentrations were significantly higher in MDD patients (104.70 ± 6.43 pg/mL) than in HCs (72.09 ± 7.69 pg/mL). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the good diagnostic performance of serum NGF in MDD. Conclusions Higher serum NGF levels might be involved in MDD pathophysiology, and altered NGF levels may be an early warning sign of depression. The present findings will aid in the development of new and improved therapies for depressive patients. Further interventional studies are recommended to explore the underlying mechanisms, risk factors, disease course, and treatment responses of NGF in MDD.
Role of Andean tropical montane soil organic carbon in the deglacial carbon budget
Authors: Bill Nicholas S. 
Published: April 2023

During the last deglaciation, atmospheric CO2 increased by about 75 ppm. The deep ocean is likely the dominant source of this atmospheric CO2 rise in the atmospheric pool; however, a consensus accounting for the entire 75 ppm remains elusive. Since the deep ocean cannot account for the entire 75 ppm, the terrestrial environment likely makes up the remainder. This paper provides a mechanism for an unaccounted-for portion of the source of this terrestrial carbon, that being soil organic carbon (SOC) from the tropical montane Andes, and with that, minimum constraints on the contribution of SOC to the total rise in atmospheric CO2 during the last deglaciation. Using numerical climate modeling input into an empirical model derived from tropical montane forests of the Andes Mountains in South America, this study finds that during the last deglaciation, the organic layer thickness was thinning from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present (pre-industrial) in the tropical montane Andes. This overall warming and organic layer thickness thinning may have led to a loss of available carbon storage space, causing a leak of CO2 into the atmosphere over this time scale. This study finds an estimate for the contribution of global atmospheric CO2 from SOC in tropical montane Andean soils is likely at least ∼1.4 ppm CO2 since the LGM.