bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of combined cannabidiol (CBD) and hops (Humulus lupulus) terpene extract treatment on RAW 264.7 macrophage viability and inflammatory markers
Authors: Dammann Inga , Keil Claudia , Hardewig Iris , Skrzydlewska Elżbieta , Biernacki Michał , Haase Hajo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of cannabidiol (CBD), one major cannabinoid of the plant Cannabis sativa, alone and in combination with a terpene-enriched extract from Humulus lupulus (“Hops 1”), on the LPS-response of RAW 264.7 macrophages as an established in vitro model of inflammation. With the present study, we could support earlier findings of the anti-inflammatory potential of CBD, which showed a dose-dependent [0–5 µM] reduction in nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) released by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, we observed an additive anti-inflammatory effect after combined CBD [5 µM] and hops extract [40 µg/mL] treatment. The combination of CBD and Hops 1 showed effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells superior to the single substance treatments and akin to the control hydrocortisone. Furthermore, cellular CBD uptake increased dose-dependently in the presence of terpenes from Hops 1 extract. The anti-inflammatory effect of CBD and its cellular uptake positively correlated with terpene concentration, as indicated by comparison with a hemp extract containing both CBD and terpenes. These findings may contribute to the postulations for the so-called “entourage effect” between cannabinoids and terpenes and support the potential of CBD combined with phytomolecules from a non-cannabinoid source, such as hops, for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Real world evaluation of kidney failure risk equations in predicting progression from chronic kidney disease to kidney failure in an Australian cohort
Authors: Jahan Sadia , Hale Janine , Malacova Eva , Hurst Cameron , Kark Adrian , Mallett Andrew 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease progression to kidney failure is diverse, and progression may be different according to genetic aspects and settings of care. We aimed to describe kidney failure risk equation prognostic accuracy in an Australian population.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was undertaken in a public hospital community-based chronic kidney disease service in Brisbane, Australia, which included a cohort of 406 adult patients with chronic kidney disease Stages 3–4 followed up over 5 years (1/1/13–1/1/18). Risk of progression to kidney failure at baseline using Kidney Failure Risk Equation models with three (eGFR/age/sex), four (add urinary-ACR) and eight variables (add serum-albumin/phosphate/bicarbonate/calcium) at 5 and 2 years were compared to actual patient outcomes.

Results
Of 406 patients followed up over 5 years, 71 (17.5%) developed kidney failure, while 112 died before reaching kidney failure. The overall mean difference between observed and predicted risk was 0.51% (p = 0.659), 0.93% (p = 0.602), and − 0.03% (p = 0.967) for the three-, four- and eight-variable models, respectively. There was small improvement in the receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve from three-variable to four-variable models: 0.888 (95%CI = 0.819–0.957) versus 0.916 (95%CI = 0.847–0.985). The eight-variable model showed marginal receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve improvement: 0.916 (95%CI = 0.847–0.985) versus 0.922 (95%CI = 0.853–0.991). The results were similar in predicting 2 year risk of kidney failure.

Conclusions
The kidney failure risk equation accurately predicted progression to kidney failure in an Australian chronic kidney disease population. Younger age, male sex, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, higher albuminuria, diabetes mellitus, tobacco smoking and non-Caucasian ethnicity were associated with increased risk of kidney failure. Cause-specific cumulative incidence function for progression to kidney failure or death, stratified by chronic kidney disease stage, demonstrated differences within different chronic kidney disease stages, highlighting the interaction between comorbidity and outcome.
Fundamental Perspectives on the Electrochemical Water Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: He Xiang 
Published: June 2023

Highlights

The recent development and implementation of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-based materials in electrochemical water applications are reviewed.

The critical factors that affect the performances of MOFs in the electrochemical reactions, sensing, and separations are highlighted.

Advanced tools, such as pair distribution function analysis, are playing critical roles in unraveling the functioning mechanisms, including local structures and nanoconfined interactions.

Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a family of highly porous materials possessing huge surface areas and feasible chemical tunability, are emerging as critical functional materials to solve the growing challenges associated with energy–water systems, such as water scarcity issues. In this contribution, the roles of MOFs are highlighted in electrochemical-based water applications (i.e., reactions, sensing, and separations), where MOF-based functional materials exhibit outstanding performances in detecting/removing pollutants, recovering resources, and harvesting energies from different water sources. Compared with the pristine MOFs, the efficiency and/or selectivity can be further enhanced via rational structural modulation of MOFs (e.g., partial metal substitution) or integration of MOFs with other functional materials (e.g., metal clusters and reduced graphene oxide). Several key factors/properties that affect the performances of MOF-based materials are also reviewed, including electronic structures, nanoconfined effects, stability, conductivity, and atomic structures. The advancement in the fundamental understanding of these key factors is expected to shed light on the functioning mechanisms of MOFs (e.g., charge transfer pathways and guest–host interactions), which will subsequently accelerate the integration of precisely designed MOFs into electrochemical architectures to achieve highly effective water remediation with optimized selectivity and long-term stability.
COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2-Infektion): Einfluss auf die männliche Fertilität
Authors: Müller Alexander 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungHöhere Sterblichkeit und ein schwererer Krankheitsverlauf sind bei Männern mit SARS-CoV-2-Infektion gegenüber Frauen zu beobachten. Die Hodenfunktion (Samenqualität und Testosteronhaushalt) sowie die Erektionsfunktion sind, zumindest kurzfristig, durch eine COVID-19 Infektion negativ gestört – wobei mögliche Langzeiteffekte noch nicht hinreichend geklärt sind. Bei einer angestrebten Fertilität, inklusive assistierter reproduktionsendokrinologischer Massnahmen oder Kryopräservation benötigen Männer u. a. aufgrund potenziell infektbedingter DNA-Schäden im Erbgut eine kompetente Beratung und einen engen Follow-up.
Die Bedeutung von Unterrichtsgestaltung und Bedürfniserfüllung für das fachbezogene Interesse von Grundschülerinnen und Grundschülern
Authors: Reich Cornelia , Markus Stefan , Lohrmann Katrin 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung fachbezogener Interessen von Schülerinnen und Schülern gilt als zentrales Element Grundlegender Bildung. Es stellt sich daher die Frage, in welcher Relation das fachbezogene Interesse von Grundschülerinnen und Grundschülern mit Gestaltungsmerkmalen des Unterrichts steht und wie Lehrkräfte dieses fachbezogene Interesse z. B. in Mathematik fördern können. Basierend auf der Interessentheorie und der Selbstbestimmungstheorie wird in der vorliegenden Studie der Zusammenhang der von Lernenden wahrgenommenen Bedürfnisunterstützung (Autonomieunterstützung, Struktur, Involvement) und Bedürfniserfüllung (Autonomie, Kompetenz, Verbundenheit) mit dem Mathematikinteresse untersucht. Die Stichprobe umfasst 441 Schülerinnen und Schülern der dritten und vierten Jahrgangsstufe aus 10 deutschen Schulen. Mittels Strukturgleichungsmodellierung zeigen sich vollständige Mediationen des Zusammenhangs der wahrgenommenen Autonomieunterstützung und Struktur im Unterricht mit dem Mathematikinteresse durch die Autonomie- und Kompetenzerfüllung. Zwischen wahrgenommenem Involvement der Lehrkraft und dem Mathematikinteresse der Lernenden erweist sich ausschließlich der direkte Zusammenhang als signifikant. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es für das individuelle Mathematikinteresse vor allem wichtig ist, dass sich Schülerinnen und Schüler im Mathematikunterricht als autonom sowie als kompetent erleben, was maßgeblich durch die Lehrkraft unterstützt werden kann. Auch die Beziehungsqualität und der fürsorgliche Einbezug anderer (Involvement) stehen mit dem Mathematikinteresse der Schülerinnen und Schüler in Verbindung. Die Studie unterstreicht die Relevanz der von der Lehrkraft ausgehenden Bedürfnisunterstützung für das fachbezogene Interesse von Grundschülerinnen und Grundschülern.
Grasp Pose Estimation for Pick and Place of Frozen Blood Bags Based on Point Cloud Processing and Deep Learning Strategies Using Vacuum Grippers
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Zain , Kim Jaeseok , Nocentini Olivia , Cavallo Filippo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe describe different strategies to compute grasp poses for vacuum grippers for pick and place of frozen blood bags. Our methods process RGB-D data to search for local flat patches on the bags’ surface which act as grasp points when using vacuum grippers. We develop three strategies which analyze point cloud data to propose gripper poses and one method that trains a real-time object detector to propose the grasp point and processes point cloud data to compute the bag’s orientation. All the strategies are based on the computation of a normal vector at each 3D point to account for the surface orientation. They differ from each other based on how each method searches for these flat patches. We validate and compare the effectiveness of our methods by conducting real-world pick and place experiments, achieving an average success rate of above 80%. In conclusion, four different strategies, both analytical and a hybrid of analytic and deep learning approaches to infer optimal grasp poses for vacuum grippers to automatise pick and place operations of blood bags were presented.
Morbus Crohn Update
Authors: Kreienbuehl Andrea S. , Biedermann Luc 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer chronische Krankheitsverlauf beim Morbus Crohn macht nicht selten eine lebenslange immunmodulatorische oder immunsuppressive Therapie nötig. Das therapeutische Spektrum wurde seit der Zulassung von Infliximab massgeblich erweitert. Nebst den TNF-Inhibitoren konnten sich Ustekinumab und Vedolizumab etablieren und stellen je nach Schwere respektive Ausdehnung der Erkrankung sowie unter Einbezug von extraintestinalen Manifestationen oder Komorbiditäten gleichwertige Erstlinientherapien dar. Als neuste Therapieoption stehen Risankizumab (Anti-IL-23) und voraussichtlich auch bald Upadacitinib kurz vor der Schweizer Marktzulassung. Kombinationstherapien – verschiedene Biologika oder Biologika + JAK-Inhibitoren – rücken weiter in den Fokus zukünftiger Therapiealgorithmen, und erste Resultate der Phase-3-Studie (Guselkumab/Golimumab) dürfen im nächsten Jahr erwartet werden. Weiterhin schwer therapierbar sind komplexe Verläufe bei Analfisteln, wobei sich in einer gut selektionierten Patientengruppe ein erfreuliches Ansprechen auf die mesenchymale Stammzelltherapie zeigt. Nebst den medikamentösen Therapieoptionen, sollte die Chirurgie (insbesondere Ileozökalresektion) in ihrem Stellenwert nicht vernachlässigt werden und kann je nach Ausgangslage – auch in einem frühen Erkrankungsstadium – ein valabler Therapieansatz sein.
Collective Efficacy and Perceived COVID-19 Severity Predict Preparedness and Response Behaviors: A Longitudinal Study of Intersectionally Vulnerable University Students
Authors: Weber Marcela C. , Pavlacic Jeffrey M. , Torres Victoria A. , Ho Lavina Y. , Buchanan Erin M. , Schulenberg Stefan E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:To promote equity for intersectionally disaster-vulnerable individuals and address three literature gaps: (1) incremental effects of collective and self-efficacy as preparedness predictors, (2) differentiation of fear and perceived severity of a disaster, and (3) clarification of the relationship between fear and preparedness.Methods:Due to infection risks associated with communal housing, early in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, many universities permitted students to remain in campus housing only if they were housing insecure, including many international students. We surveyed intersectionally-vulnerable students and their partners at a southeast US university,N= 54, who were international (77.8%), Asian (55.6%), and/or housing insecure at baseline (79.6%). In 14 waves from May–October 2020, we assessed pandemic preparedness/response behaviors (PPRBs) and potential PPRB predictors.Results:We examined within- and between-person effects of fear, perceived severity, collective efficacy, and self-efficacy on PPRBs. Within-person perceived severity and collective efficacy both significantly, positively predicted greater PPRBs. All effects of fear and self-efficacy were not significant.Conclusions:Perceived severity and confidence that one’s actions positively impact one’s community fluctuated throughout the pandemic and are linked to greater PPRB engagement. Public health messages and interventions to improve PPRB may benefit from emphasizing collective efficacy and accuracy over fear.
Opening Pandora's box? Capturing the edifice of ‘hopefulness’ in the private rented sector
Authors: Amodu Tola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is estimated that there are in excess of eight million unfit homes in England and that one in five excess deaths are attributable to poor housing conditions, costing the NHS some £1.4bn per year. While the policy focus tends to be on housing supply, it is the private rented sector (PRS) that is a key vehicle for provision. The pandemic has given rise to some unexpected outcomes, not least in regulating that sector. This paper will consider how strategies have changed and generated new modes of regulation in the sector, which may have important longer-term effects for the relation between tenant and landlord. Using the frame of vulnerability and risk theories as a starting position, the paper will critique the role of law in allocating landlord rights and responsibilities. It will look at the implications of moving towards an appreciation of the relational, as opposed to physical aspects of housing provision in regulating landlord behaviour and the attendant risks of so doing. It will be argued that the literatures of vulnerability and risk only make sense if a further element is added in this case: the notion of hope.
Estimating the prognostic value of cross-sectional network connectivity for treatment response in depression
Authors: Lee Chi Tak , Kelley Sean W. , Palacios Jorge , Richards Derek , Gillan Claire M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTightly connected symptom networks have previously been linked to treatment resistance, but most findings come from small-sample studies comparing single responder v. non-responder networks. We aimed to estimate the association between baseline network connectivity and treatment response in a large sample and benchmark its prognostic value against baseline symptom severity and variance.MethodsN = 40 518 patients receiving treatment for depression in routine care in England from 2015–2020 were analysed. Cross-sectional networks were constructed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for responders and non-responders (N = 20 259 each). To conduct parametric tests investigating the contribution of PHQ-9 sum score mean and variance to connectivity differences, networks were constructed for 160 independent subsamples of responders and non-responders (80 each, n = 250 per sample).ResultsThe baseline non-responder network was more connected than responders (3.15 v. 2.70, S = 0.44, p < 0.001), but effects were small, requiring n = 750 per group to have 85% power. Parametric analyses revealed baseline network connectivity, PHQ-9 sum score mean, and PHQ-9 sum score variance were correlated (r = 0.20–0.58, all p < 0.001). Both PHQ-9 sum score mean (β = −1.79, s.e. = 0.07, p < 0.001), and PHQ-9 sum score variance (β = −1.67, s.e. = 0.09, p < 0.001) had larger effect sizes for predicting response than connectivity (β = −1.35, s.e. = 0.12, p < 0.001). The association between connectivity and response disappeared when PHQ-9 sum score variance was accounted for (β = −0.28, s.e. = 0.19, p = 0.14). We replicated these results in patients completing longer treatment (8–12 weeks, N = 22 952) and using anxiety symptom networks (N = 70 620).ConclusionsThe association between baseline network connectivity and treatment response may be largely due to differences in baseline score variance.
Frequency and predictors of individual treatment outcomes (response, remission, exacerbation, and relapse) in clinical adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury
Authors: Reichl Corinna , Rockstroh Franziska , Lerch Stefan , Fischer-Waldschmidt Gloria , Koenig Julian , Kaess Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is prevalent in adolescent clinical samples. There is evidence that NSSI can be treated effectively but data on individual treatment outcomes is limited. The goal of this study was to examine response, remission, exacerbation, and relapse rates over one and two years, respectively, among a clinical sample of adolescents with NSSI. Furthermore, we aimed to identify clinically relevant predictors of NSSI trajectories.MethodsThe sample consists of n = 203 adolescents (12–17 y., 94% female) from a specialized outpatient clinic for risk-taking and self-harming behavior with NSSI on at least five days in the six months before first assessment. Assessments were completed at baseline and one (FU1) and two (FU2) years later using structured clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires.ResultsAt FU1, 75% reported a reduction in NSSI frequency by at least 50% (treatment response); among those, one third (25% of the entire sample) achieved a remission (0 NSSI); an exacerbation (⩾50% more NSSI) was observed in 11% of patients. Of those in remission, 41% relapsed one year later. Predictors of non-response or non-remission were inpatient treatment and depressive symptoms. Adolescents with lower NSSI frequency at baseline had a higher risk of exacerbation. Due to limited sample size at FU2 no prediction model for relapse was established.ConclusionsWhile most adolescents presenting with NSSI achieved significant improvement, more attention should be paid to the rather low rates of full remission. Prediction and early detection of individuals who deteriorate during or relapse after treatment is critical.
A scoping review of factors associated with antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter species infections in humans
Authors: Neustaedter Christine M. , Robertson Kelsey , Tschritter Dana , Reid-Smith Richard J. , MacKinnon Melissa C. , Murphy Colleen P. , Chapman Brennan , Neumann Norman F. , Otto Simon J. G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Human infection with antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter species is an important public health concern due to the potentially increased severity of illness and risk of death. Our objective was to synthesise the knowledge of factors associated with human infections with antimicrobial-resistant strains of Campylobacter. This scoping review followed systematic methods, including a protocol developed a priori. Comprehensive literature searches were developed in consultation with a research librarian and performed in five primary and three grey literature databases. Criteria for inclusion were analytical and English-language publications investigating human infections with an antimicrobial-resistant (macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and/or quinolones) Campylobacter that reported factors potentially linked with the infection. The primary and secondary screening were completed by two independent reviewers using Distiller SR®. The search identified 8,527 unique articles and included 27 articles in the review. Factors were broadly categorised into animal contact, prior antimicrobial use, participant characteristics, food consumption and handling, travel, underlying health conditions, and water consumption/exposure. Important factors linked to an increased risk of infection with a fluoroquinolone-resistant strain included foreign travel and prior antimicrobial use. Identifying consistent risk factors was challenging due to the heterogeneity of results, inconsistent analysis, and the lack of data in low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the need for future research.
Piccolo in transcatheter PDA closure multi-centre study from premature to adolescent children
Authors: Baspinar Osman , Narin Nazmi , Baykan Ali , Yildiz Kaan , Pamukcu Ozge , Ozyurt Abdullah , Kervancioglu Mehmet , Kum Yunus Emre , Temel Munevver Tugba , Dogan Alper , Bagli Sedat , Demircan Tulay , Aydin Sahin Derya , Elmali Ferhan , Karadeniz Cem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this multi-centre study, the mid- to long-term efficacy and safety of the Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder in patent ductus arteriosus closure in premature and term infants as well as children were discussed. Methods. Between 2016 and 2021, 645 patients, 152 of whom were less than 1 month old, underwent ductus closure with the Piccolo device from five different centres in Turkey. The median age of the patients was 2.2 years, and the mean narrowest point of duct diameter was 1.8 mm. Sixty-two patients weighed ≤ 1.5 kg, 90 patients 1.5–3 kg, and the mean follow-up was 20.4 months. In 396, the duct was closed by the retrograde route. Ductal anatomy was Type A in 285, C in 72, E in 171, and F in 64 patients. Fluoroscopy duration was 6.2 min. The procedure success rate was 99.1%. Device embolisation occurred in 13 patients (2%), and 11 were retrieved with a snare. Cardiac perforation and death developed in one premature baby. The left pulmonary artery and the descending aorta stenosis were observed in 3 (0.4%) and in 5 patients (0.5%). Results. Piccolo device is safe and effective in closing ductus in all age groups. It has low profile for use in premature and newborn babies, a small embolisation risk, and a low residual shunt rate after closure. Conclusion. The Piccolo device can be considered as close an ideal occluder. The lower profile, smaller delivery catheter size, and symmetry of this device allow for a venous or arterial approach.