bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Initial Molecular Interactions in the Course of Enthalpy Relaxation and Nucleation in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as Monitored by Combined Nanocalorimetry and FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kipnusu Wycliffe Kiprop , Zhuravlev Evgeny , Schick Christoph , Kremer Friedrich 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFast scanning calorimetry (FSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are combined to trace the evolution of the calorimetric properties and of the molecular interactions in a strongly crystallizing polymer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The minute sample amount (≈5 ng) required for FSC allows for the realization of cooling rates up to 50 000 K s−1 and to quench the sample into the amorphous state. By subsequent annealing at varying temperatures Ta and times ta enthalpy relaxation, (homogeneous) nucleation and crystallization can be monitored with high precision. Determining the difference IR spectra between a quenched and an annealed sample unravels the development of the intra‐ and inter‐molecular interactions in detail; i) as first response taking place during enthalpy relaxation, the far reaching Coulomb interactions between the polar carbonyl (C ═ O) moieties are active; ii) in contrast, the methylene unit (CH2) and the aromatic ring show a response only, if homogeneous nucleation sets in, while the ester (COC) moiety remains uninfluenced; iii) a hierarchy is observed in of the response of the different molecular moieties; iv) if crystallization comes to play, all molecular units are involved. The results are compared with recently published findings for polyamide 66 demonstrating the high molecular specificity of homogeneous nucleation and crystallization.
Collagen‐Based Flexible Electronic Devices for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Sensing
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Liu Jie , Li Lu , Zheng Xuejing , Tang Keyong , Pei Ying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of high‐performance and low‐cost, flexible electronic devices is a crucial prerequisite for emerging applications of energy storage, conversion, and sensing system. Collagen as the most abundant structural protein in mammals, owing to the unique amino acid composition and hierarchical structure, the conversion of collagen into collagen‐derived carbon materials with different nanostructures and abundant ideal heteroatom doping through the carbonization method is expected to be a promising candidate material for electrodes of energy storage devices. The excellent mechanical flexibility of collagen and the abundant functional groups on its molecular chain that are easy to modify provide the possibility to be used as a separator material. On this basis, the ideal biocompatibility and degradability provide unique conditions for it to match the flexible substrate material of the human body for wearable electronic skin. In this review, the unique characteristics and advantages of collagen for electronic devices are first summarized. Recent progress in designing and constructing collagen‐based electronic devices for future applications of electrochemical energy storage and sensing are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for collagen‐based flexible electronic devices are discussed.
A novel data streaming method for detecting abnormal flows in distributed monitoring systems
Authors: Zhou Aiping , Zhu Ye 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper concentrates on the issue of detecting abnormal flows in distributed monitoring systems, which has many network management applications such as anomaly detection and traffic engineering. Collecting massive network traffic in real‐time remains a large challenge due to the limited system resource. Most existing approaches perform abnormal flow detection at one measurement point, while they cause large computation and memory overhead for recovering abnormal flows. In this paper, we propose a novel data streaming method that supports accurate abnormal flow detection with a low memory requirement. The key idea of our method is that each monitor compresses flow information to summary data structure, sends the generated data structure to the controller; then the controller aggregates the received data structures, recovers candidates of abnormal flows and estimates their size and change to find abnormal flows on the basis of the aggregated data structure. The experimental results based on real network traffic show that the proposed approach can detect up to 97% of abnormal flows with low memory and update requirements in comparison with related approaches.
On the numerical approximation of Boussinesq/Boussinesq systems for internal waves
Authors: Dougalis Vassilios A. , Duran Angel , Saridaki Leetha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present paper is concerned with the numerical approximation of a three‐parameter family of Boussinesq systems. The systems have been proposed as models of the propagation of long internal waves along the interface of a two‐layer system of fluids with rigid‐lid condition for the upper layer and under a Boussinesq regime for the flow in both layers. We first present some theoretical properties of the systems on well‐posedness, conservation laws, Hamiltonian structure, and solitary‐wave solutions, using the results for analogous models for surface wave propagation. Then the corresponding periodic initial‐value problem is discretized in space by the spectral Fourier Galerkin method and for each system, error estimates for the semidiscrete approximation are proved. The spectral semidiscretizations are numerically integrated in time by a fourth‐order Runge–Kutta‐composition method based on the implicit midpoint rule. Numerical experiments illustrate the accuracy of the fully discrete scheme, in particular its ability to simulate accurately solitary‐wave solutions of the systems.
Two‐Year Outcomes After Pediatric In‐Office Tympanostomy Using Lidocaine/Epinephrine Iontophoresis and an Automated Tube Delivery System
Authors: Waldman Erik H. , Ingram Amy , Vidrine D. Macy , Gould Andrew R. , Zeiders Jacob W. , Ow Randall A. , Thompson Christopher R. , Moss Jonathan R. , Mehta Ritvik , McClay John E. , Brenski Amy , Gavin John , Ansley John , Yen David M. , Chadha Neil K. , Murray Michael T. , Kozak Frederick K. , York Christopher , Brown David M. , Grunstein Eli , Sprecher Robert C. , Sherman Denise A. , Schoem Scott R. , Puchalski Robert , Hills Susannah , Harfe Dan , England Laura J. , Syms Charles A. , Lustig Lawrence R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate 2‐year outcomes after lidocaine/epinephrine iontophoresis and tympanostomy using an automated tube delivery system for pediatric tube placement in‐office.Study DesignProspective, single‐arm.SettingEighteen otolaryngology practices.MethodsChildren age 6 months to 12 years indicated for tympanostomy were enrolled between October 2017 and February 2019. Local anesthesia of the tympanic membrane was achieved via lidocaine/epinephrine iontophoresis and tympanostomy was completed using an automated tube delivery system (the Tula® System). An additional Lead‐In cohort of patients underwent tube placement in the operating room (OR) under general anesthesia using only the tube delivery system. Patients were followed for 2 years or until tube extrusion, whichever occurred first. Otoscopy and tympanometry were performed at 3 weeks, and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Tube retention, patency, and safety were evaluated.ResultsTubes were placed in‐office for 269 patients (449 ears) and in the OR for 68 patients (131 ears) (mean age, 4.5 years). The median and mean times to tube extrusion for the combined OR and In‐Office cohorts were 15.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.41‐19.05) and 16.79 (95% CI: 16.16‐17.42) months, respectively. Sequelae included ongoing perforation for 1.9% of ears (11/580) and medial tube displacement for 0.2% (1/580) observed at 18 months. Over a mean follow‐up of 14.3 months, 30.3% (176/580) of ears had otorrhea and 14.3% (83/580) had occluded tubes.ConclusionIn‐office pediatric tympanostomy using lidocaine/epinephrine iontophoresis and automated tube delivery results in tube retention within the ranges described for similar grommet‐type tubes and complication rates consistent with traditional tube placement in the OR.
Trends in Private Equity Acquisitions of US Otolaryngology Practices
Authors: Shah Hemali P. , Salehi Parsa P. , Torabi Sina J. , Bourdillon Alexandra T. , Wu Kane , Mehra Saral 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the increasing consolidation of physician practices, private equity (PE) firms have been playing a growing role in healthcare delivery and recently began entering the otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery space. To date, no studies have examined the extent of PE investment in otolaryngology. We assessed trends and geographic distribution of US otolaryngology practices acquired by PE using Pitchbook (Seattle, WA), a comprehensive market database. From 2015 to 2021, 23 otolaryngology practices were acquired by PE. The number of PE acquisitions increased over time: 1 practice was acquired in 2015 versus 4 practices in 2019 versus 8 practices in 2021. Nearly half (43.5%, n = 10) of acquired practices were in the South Atlantic region. The median number of otolaryngologists at these practices was 5 (interquartile range: 3‐7). As PE investment in otolaryngology continues to grow, further research is needed to assess its impact on clinical decision‐making, healthcare costs, physician job satisfaction, clinical efficiency, and patient outcomes.
Model‐based simulation to support the approval of isatuximab alone or with dexamethasone for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in Japanese patients
Authors: Thai Hoai‐Thu , Koiwai Kimiko , Shitara Yoshihisa , Kazama Hirotaka , Fau Jean‐Baptiste , Semiond Dorothée , Veyrat‐Follet Christine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to support dosing regimen selection for isatuximab as a single agent or in combination with dexamethasone for Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). A joint model characterizing the dynamics of serum M‐protein kinetics and its association with progression‐free survival (PFS) was developed using data from 201 evaluable Japanese and non‐Japanese patients with RRMM enrolled in two monotherapy phase I/II trials, where Japanese patients (n = 31) received isatuximab at 10 or 20 mg/kg once weekly (qw) for 4 weeks then every 2 weeks (q2w) in subsequent cycles (10 or 20 mg/kg qw–q2w). Among non‐Japanese patients, 38 received isatuximab 20 mg/kg qw–q2w in combination with dexamethasone. Trial simulations were then performed to evaluate the effect of the isatuximab dosing regimens on both serum M‐protein and PFS with and without dexamethasone. The model identified instantaneous changes in serum M‐protein as the best on‐treatment predictor for PFS. Trial simulations demonstrated that 20 mg/kg qw–q2w induced a greater decrease (30% vs. 22%) of serum M‐protein at week 8 and prolonged median PFS by 2.4 weeks compared with 10 mg/kg qw–q2w. Although Japanese patients did not receive isatuximab plus dexamethasone in the phase I/II trial, simulations predicted that isatuximab 20 mg/kg qw–q2w plus dexamethasone would induce a greater decrease (67% vs. 43%) of serum M‐protein and a prolonged median PFS by 7.2 weeks compared with isatuximab alone. Trial simulations support the approved isatuximab 20 mg/kg qw–q2w regimen when administered as a single agent and in combination with dexamethasone in Japanese patients.
Structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) spinel ferrites: A density functional theory study
Authors: Munawar Hafiza Benish , Hussain Abid , Gouadria Soumaya , Noreen Shahzadi , Bibi Nazia , Tariq Amna , Tahir Muhammad Bilal , Rehman Jalil Ur , Arshad Saira , Ali H. Elhosiny 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites were investigated by employing Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package code using density functional theory. LDA+U was used to investigate the structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites at different pressures 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 GPa. The simulated X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites was investigated and the computed lattice parameters decreased 8.62–8.32, 8.68–8.35, and 8.567–8.267 Å at 0–20 GPa, respectively. XRD revealed that the unit cell's volumes (640.50–575.93, 653.97–582.182, 627.22–563.550), X‐ray densities (4.86–5.40, 4.70–5.28, 3.97–4.43), and interatomic distance (2.6099–2.5180, 2.6221–2.4260, 2.5831–2.4928) of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites were also decreased with the increasing pressure 0–20 GPa, respectively. The LDA+U calculations predicted that the NiFe2O4, Fe3O4, and CoFe2O4 ferrite followed the properties of a semiconductor exhibiting a direct band gap of 1.2, 1.13, and 0.710 eV at 0 GPa which were decreased to 0.846, 0.710, and 0.461 eV at 20 GPa, respectively. The computed density of states revealed that MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites exhibited good spin polarization behavior, and Ni–O, Fe–O, and Co–O bonds were covalent. The Mullikens investigated the ted decrease in bong length of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites versus 0–20 GPa as well as according to Hirschfeld analysis the magnetic moment (3.348–3.335, 4.12–4.10, 3.737–3.735) and saturation magnetization (79.06–78.7, 99.33–98.9, 88.93–88.352) of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Fe, Co) ferrites were decreased with increased pressure 0–20 GPa, respectively. The reflectivity and absorption specialize in visible and ultraviolet regions showing their stability for optoelectronics, photocatalysis, and solar cell applications.
Link budget calculation in optical LEO satellite downlinks with on/off‐keying and large signal divergence: A simplified methodology
Authors: Giggenbach Dirk , Knopp Marcus T. , Fuchs Christian 
Published: April 2023

SummaryDirect‐to‐Earth transmissions with optical on/off‐keying are becoming the method of choice to realize telemetry downlinks from low Earth orbit satellites at highest data‐rates. Here, we review the calculation procedure for a practical assessment of the mean link budget in this space‐ground data communication technology. We present a comprehensive survey of the dynamic orbital and beam‐pointing effects as well as the impacts from atmospheric attenuation on the link performance. The paper provides an exhaustive review of the formulas commonly used and propounds a recipe to reliably estimate the received power on ground. An overview of typical data transmitter terminals, transmission channel parameters, and the according optical ground stations is provided. Comparison with measured received powers over transmitter elevation angle and the respective design estimates serves for verification.
Experimental investigation on flexural and direct shear behaviors of specimens made of lightweight carbon textile‐reinforced cementitious composites
Authors: Dinh Ngoc Hieu , Pham Huu Hiep , Kim Seung‐Hee , Choi Kyoung‐Kyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTextile‐reinforced cementitious composites (TRCCs) have recently received significant attention in structural engineering as promising retrofitting materials as well as reinforcements for thin and slender structural components. For applicability in the precast industry, the weight of the structural components made of TRCCs is a major concern. In this study, lightweight (LW) TRCC materials were developed and their flexural and direct shear performances were investigated. Carbon fabric is used as the textile reinforcement of the LW TRCCs, and expanded glass aggregates made from industrial refractory materials with fine particle sizes of 0.25–0.5 mm incorporating the mineral admixture (silica fume) are used to develop the LW cement‐based matrix. The main test series in this study include the expanded glass‐to‐binder (EG/B) ratio, surface coating methods used for textile fabrics, and volume dosages of short polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers used to modify the cement‐based matrix. Three main series, including a total of 30 flexural test specimens and 30 shear test specimens, are fabricated and tested. The flexural behavior of LW TRCCs is investigated via four‐point bending tests and the direct shear behavior of LW TRCCs is investigated based on the FIP standard using one shear failure plane. The experimental results indicate that the EG/B ratio significantly affects the overall flexural and shear performances of LW TRCCs, wherein the use of higher EG/B ratios might lead to greater reduction in flexural properties as well as shear properties in the pre‐peak stage. The coating methods employed for fabric surface treatment via epoxy impregnation combined with rough layers are effective in enhancing flexural properties in terms of load and deformation capacity and shear properties in terms of peak stress compared with the counterpart using only the epoxy coating method. Additionally, incorporating short discrete PVA fibers within the LW cement‐based matrix results in outstanding performance due to improvement in bonding quality at the textile/matrix interface, which can be applied as a potential solution for fabricating LW, high‐performance TRCCs.
Emotion Labor as Professional Development Work: Insights from Teachers Doing Action Research
Authors: Nazari Mostafa , Karimpour Sedigheh , Ranjbar Mohammadali 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOver the past decades, research on language teachers' engagement in action research (AR) and more recently on their emotion labor has exponentially grown. However, little research is available on how AR and emotion labor intersect to shape language teacher professional development. This study addressed this gap by reporting on how four Iranian English language teachers used emotion labor as professional development work during participation in an AR project. Data were collected from reflective journals and classroom observations as well as the associated postclass discussions during the enactment of AR, and from interviews at two junctures in time, once during the course and once longitudinally after six and 12 months. Data analyses revealed that the teachers used AR as a mechanism for minimizing the gap between their internal feelings and external expectations, and gradually developed the identity of a teacher–researcher by using the affordances emotion labor provided. Moreover, the teachers retrospectively developed emotional learning, which facilitated their response to institutional expectations in the short term and to the professional discourses of teaching in the long term. We conclude the paper with implications for teacher education to better understand how emotions feature in AR and how emotion labor could be employed for AR‐induced professional development.
Conclusion
Authors: García-Sancho Miguel , Lowe James 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this concluding chapter, we explore the implications of our historical investigation for research and policies pertaining to genomic data. We outline the particular form of ‘epistemic iteration’ that operates in genomics and further develop the idea of ‘webs of reference’. Through this, we address one of the main consequences of our overarching argument: that problems in bridging ‘translational gaps’ are to a significant extent rooted in the specific model of the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium. Conversely, the alternative models of genomics that we have explored in the book provide indications as to how to configure work in the life sciences to avoid such gaps between the results of genomics research and outcomes in medicine, agriculture or other spheres of activity. Our consideration of different communities of genomicists and their heterogeneous ways of interacting with their target genomes helps in uncovering the diversity of genomics and comprehending a variety of modes of translation.
Sources, transport, and deposition of metal(loid)s recorded by sulfide and rock geochemistry: constraints from a vertical profile through the epithermal Profitis Ilias Au prospect, Milos Island, Greece
Authors: Grosche Anna , Klemd Reiner , Denkel Katja , Keith Manuel , Haase Karsten M. , Voudouris Panagiotis C. , Alfieris Dimitrios , Wiedenbeck Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Drill core samples from the Profitis Ilias Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag-Au vein mineralization on Milos Island, Greece provide new insights into (i) the metal sources, (ii) the primary vertical metal(loid) distribution, and (iii) the supergene enrichment processes in a transitional shallow-marine to subaerial hydrothermal environment. Metal contents of unaltered and altered host rocks combined with Pb isotope analyses of hydrothermal sulfides suggest that most metal(loid)s were derived by leaching of basement rocks, whereas the distinct enrichment of Te is related to the addition of Te by a magmatic fluid. The trace element contents of base metal sulfides record decreasing Au, Te, Se, and Co, but increasing Ag, Sb, and Tl concentrations with increasing elevation that can be related to progressive cooling and fluid boiling during the hypogene stage. The formation of base metal veins with porous pyrite hosting hessite inclusions at ~ 400 m below the surface was triggered by vigorous fluid boiling. By contrast, the enrichment of native Au associated with oxidized Fe and Cu phases in the shallower part of the hydrothermal system resulted from supergene remobilization of trace Au by oxidizing meteoric water after tectonic exhumation to subaerial levels. Disseminated pyrite with higher Tl/Pb ratios and locally elevated Hg concentrations relative to vein pyrite reflects infiltration of the host rocks by boiled liquids and condensed vapor fluids. The vertical and temporal evolution of the Profitis Ilias mineralization, therefore, provides unique insights into the transport and precipitation of Au, Ag, Te, and related metal(loid)s by multiple fluid processes.
Agarolytic Pathway in the Newly Isolated Aquimarina sp. Bacterial Strain ERC-38 and Characterization of a Putative β-agarase
Authors: Kang Ji Young , Song Ha-Yeon , Kim Jung-Mi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMarine microbes, particularly Bacteroidetes, are a rich source of enzymes that can degrade diverse marine polysaccharides. Aquimarina sp. ERC-38, which belongs to the Bacteroidetes phylum, was isolated from seawater in South Korea. It showed agar-degrading activity and required an additional carbon source for growth on marine broth 2216. Here, the genome of the strain was sequenced to understand its agar degradation mechanism, and 3615 protein-coding sequences were predicted, which were assigned putative functions according to their annotated functional feature categories. In silico genome analysis revealed that the ERC-38 strain has several carrageenan-degrading enzymes but could not degrade carrageenan because it lacked genes encoding κ-carrageenanase and S1_19A type sulfatase. Moreover, the strain possesses multiple genes predicted to encode enzymes involved in agarose degradation, which are located in a polysaccharide utilization locus. Among the enzymes, Aq1840, which is closest to ZgAgaC within the glycoside hydrolase 16 family, was characterized using a recombinant enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. An enzyme assay revealed that recombinant Aq1840 mainly converts agarose to NA4. Moreover, recombinant Aq1840 could weakly hydrolyze A5 into A3 and NA2. These results showed that Aq1840 is involved in at least the initial agar degradation step prior to the metabolic pathway that uses agarose as a carbon source for growth of the strain. Thus, this enzyme can be applied to development and manufacturing industry for prebiotic and antioxidant food additive. Furthermore, our genome sequence analysis revealed that the strain is a potential resource for research on marine polysaccharide degradation mechanisms and carbon cycling.