bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of response spectra and simulation of nonstationary earthquake ground motions
Authors: Sabetta Fabio , Pugliese Antonio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Italian strong-motion data were used to study the attenuation of response spectra and to simulate artificial accelerograms as a function of magnitude, distance, and site geology. The database has already been utilized for the study of the attenuation of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and velocity and consists of 95 accelerograms from 17 earthquakes of magnitudes ranging from 4.6 to 6.8. Using multiple regressions, we developed empirical predictive equations for the vertical and horizontal components of response spectra corresponding to 14 frequencies ranging from 0.25 to 25 Hz. Predictive equations, aimed at the ground-motion simulation, were also estimated for time-dependent frequency parameters, strong ground motion duration, and Arias intensity.
The shape of the predicted spectra is strongly dependent on magnitude and nearly independent of distance. Alluvium sites show an amplification effect, with respect to stiff sites, in different frequency ranges according to the thickness of the soil deposit. The vertical/horizontal spectral ratio in far field varies, with magnitude and frequency, from 0.35 to 0.85. The resulting response spectra are compared with the predictions of some recent attenuation relationships and with those proposed by the Eurocode EC8.
The simulation of nonstationary strong ground motions is achieved through an empirical method where time and frequency features of the motion are represented through the physical spectrum, extending the spectral moments theory to the nonstationary case. The simulated time histories fit the recorded accelerograms in terms of several ground-motion amplitude measures, such as peak acceleration, peak velocity, Fourier spectra, and response spectra. The principal advantage of the proposed method consists in correlating the simulation parameters with earthquake magnitude, source distance, and soil conditions.
On the measurement of the predominant and resonant frequencies
Authors: Correig Antoni M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The predominant frequency (a source property) and the resonant frequencies (site effects) have been measured from local seismic events that occurred and were recorded at Campi Flegrei. The predominant frequency is measured as the period of the first half-cycle of the seismogram, which in turn is obtained as six times the standard deviation of the expectation value arrival time. Because the width of the seismic pulse is severely affected by attenuation, this effect has been accounted for through a new method in time domain, based on the broadening of a gaussian pulse propagating in a dispersive medium; the analyzed data suggest that the errors introduced by not correcting by source directivity (very difficult to carry out for local low-magnitude events) are not severe. Data also suggest that the first cycle of the seismogram may contain, accurately enough, information on the source properties, and hence allowing for the characterization of the seismic source in terms of a theoretical spectrum. Under the hypotheses (1) that the first cycles of the seismogram are not severely contaminated by propagation and (2) that resonant effects are mainly generated at later times, spectra of seismic records, corrected by attenuation and source term, provide useful information on the resonant peaks generated by local site effects. The present method of analysis shows that the frequency at which the resonant peaks are located can be accurately measured, whereas the amplitude of the peaks suffer some uncertainties.
Magnitude distributions and slip scaling of heterogeneous seismic sources
Authors: Gross Susanna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA series of numerical experiments have been conducted to explore effects of strength heterogeneity and rupture propagation upon the average slip and magnitude distributions of earthquakes. Alternative rupture processes were represented by two possible sets of rules controlling rupture propagation. Ruptures were run on faults having strong patches that break to form subevents with various assumed stress drops. The subevents have a truncated power-law size distribution. The rules controlling rupture propagation in combination with the subevent stress drop have a strong effect upon the magnitude distribution. The most realistic rupture model favors ruptures whose length and width are comparable and produces an increase in b-value for events above magnitude 7.5. Magnitude distributions similar to observations of global seismicity are produced by models with subevents that have a stress drop near 100 MPa. The relationship between seismic moment and rupture area also agrees with observations of events not from subduction zones when the same model that fits the global magnitude distribution is adapted for a narrower fault width.
Implications of the Northridge earthquake for strong ground motions from thrust faults
Authors: Somerville Paul , Saikia Chandan , Wald David , Graves Robert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The peak accelerations recorded on alluvial sites during the Northridge earthquake were about 50% larger than the median value predicted by current empirical attenuation relations at distances less than about 30 km. This raises the question of whether the ground motions from the Northridge earthquake are anomalous for thrust events or are representative of ground motions expected in future thrust earthquakes. Since the empirical data base contains few strong-motion records close to large-thrust earthquakes, it is difficult to assess whether the Northridge ground motions are anomalous based on recorded data alone. For this reason, we have used a broadband strong-motion simulation procedure to help assess whether the ground motions were anomalous. The simulation procedure has been validated against a large body of strong-motion data from California earthquakes, and so we expect it to produce accurate estimates of ground motions for any given rupture scenario, including blind-thrust events for which no good precedent existed in the strong-motion data base until the occurrence of the Northridge earthquake. The ground motions from the Northridge earthquake and our simulations of these ground motions have a similar pattern of departure from empirical attenuation relations for thrust earthquakes: the peak accelerations are at about the 84th percentile level for distances within 20 to 30 km and follow the median level for larger distances. This same pattern of departure from empirical attenuation relations was obtained in our simulations of the peak accelerations of an Elysian Park blind-thrust event prior to the occurrence of the Northridge earthquake. Since we are able to model this pattern with broadband simulations, and had done so before the Northridge earthquake occurred, this suggests that the Northridge strong-motion records are not anomalous and are representative of ground motions close to thrust faults. Accordingly, it seems appropriate to include these recordings in strong-motion data sets that are used to develop empirical ground-motion attenuation relations for thrust faults and to use this augmented data set as the basis for evaluating the need for modifications in design coefficients in the seismic provisions of building codes.
A cidade está lá fora?
Authors: Tavares Maria de Fátima Duarte 
Published: June 2023

Introdução: A cidade capital criada para simbolizar a modernidade brasileira dos anos 60, do século XX, tem nos seus acervos locais documentais referências para a memória social. A dimensão pública da memória urbana apresenta na atualidade graus diferenciados de relação com os equipamentos culturais, que são cada vez mais interdependentes entre si pela presença das tecnologias digitais. A pesquisa trata da disponibilidade pública das coleções de imagens fotográficas sobre Brasília e como o seu arquivamento, com restrições de acesso e sem políticas de preservação digital no longo prazo, reduzem as possiblidades de interação para a construção da memória digital e seus desdobramentos na vida cotidiana. Objetivo: identificar a representatividade dos acervos locais de Brasília em relação ao universo digital, sua disponibilidade pública no presente em paralelo à existência ou não de estruturação de políticas de preservação digital de longo prazo. Metodologia: identificar condições de acesso e uso de tecnologias digitais por equipamentos culturais; levantar dados sobre a disponibilidade digital de documentação imagética sobre Brasília em comparação a outras cidades brasileiras; analisar a representatividade dos acervos e o papel cultural das entidades locais. Resultados: reconhecimento da relevância dos acervos locais para a construção da dimensão pública da memória urbana no longo prazo. Conclusão: importância de valorizar os acervos locais, considerando as políticas de preservação digital, a memória urbana e o acesso no longo prazo.
Genome-wide identification of bZIP gene family and expression analysis of BhbZIP58 under heat stress in wax gourd
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Min , Zhong Min , Luo Chen , Shi Shaoqi , Qian Yulei , Kang Yunyan , Jiang Biao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family is one of the most abundant and evolutionarily conserved gene families in plants. It plays crucial roles in the life cycle of plants, including pathogen defense, secondary metabolism, stress response, seed maturation, and flower development. Although the genome of wax gourd has been published, little is known about the functions, evolutionary background, and gene expression patterns of the bZIP gene family, which limits its utilization.
Results
A total of 61 bZIP genes (BhbZIPs) were identified from wax gourd (Benincasa hispida) genome and divided into 12 subgroups. Whole-genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication (DSD) were the main driving forces of bZIP gene family expansion in wax gourd, and this family may have undergone intense purifying selection pressure during the evolutionary process. We selected BhbZIP58, only one in the member of subgroup B, to study its expression patterns under different stresses, including heat, salt, drought, cold stress, and ABA treatment. Surprisingly, BhbZIP58 had a dramatic response under heat stress. BhbZIP58 showed the highest expression level in the root compared with leaves, stem, stamen, pistil, and ovary. In addition, BhbZIP58 protein was located in the nucleus and had transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of BhbZIP58 in yeast and Arabidopsis enhanced their heat tolerance.
Conclusions
In this study, bZIP gene family was systematically bioinformatically in wax gourd for the first time. Particularly, BhbZIP58 may have an important role in heat stress. It will facilitate further research on the bZIP gene family regarding their evolutionary history and biological functions.
New mechanical stirring system to study the rheological behaviour of semisolid A380 second melting aluminium alloy
Authors: Menargues Sergi , Baile Maria Teresa , Martin Enric , Martin_Raya Oscar , Picas Josep A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The design and manufacture of a new mechanical stirring system to obtain a globular structure by semi-solid state forming and its double functionality as a rheometer is presented. The main objective of the Partial Melting Semisolid Manufacturing (PMSM) machine is to obtain a globular microstructure by controlling the viscosity of the A380 second-melt aluminium alloy. In addition, the PMSM device is validated as a rheometer to determine viscosity as a function of temperature. For this purpose, studies were carried out with the same alloy. The results are compared with those obtained for the same conditions with a commercial rheometer. Viscosity control is an innovation compared to traditional mechanical stirring machines, that use time as control parameter. The results of the experimentation gave mainly a dendritic microstructure. However, some rosette/globular microstructure was also obtained in the experiments. This experimentation allows validating the equipment by performing its function optimally.
Mechanistic insights into G protein association with a G protein-coupled receptor
Authors: Batebi Hossein , Pérez-Hernández Guillermo , Mathiesen Jesper , Shi Mingyu , Tiemann Johanna K. S. , Guixà-González Ramon , Reinhardt Franziska , Stadler Peter F. , Scheerer Patrick , Kobilka Brian , Liu Xiangyu , Hildebrand Peter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activate heterotrimeric G proteins by promoting guanine nucleotide exchange. Here, we investigate the process of functional association between G proteins and GPCRs and describe the events that ultimately lead to the ejection of GDP from its binding pocket in the Gα subunit. In atomic detail, we reveal the temporal progression of structural rearrangements of GDP-bound heterotrimeric Gs protein (GsGDP) upon coupling to the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) using molecular dynamics simulations. The binding of GsGDP to the β2AR is followed by long-range allosteric effects that significantly reduce the energy needed for GDP release, the rate-limiting step during G-protein activation. In particular, the opening of α1-αF helices, displacement of the αG helix, and the opening of the α-helical domain weaken the interaction between GDP and the G protein. Signal transduction to the G protein occurs via a novel receptor interface, confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis and functional assays. From this β2AR-GsGDP intermediate, the G protein must undergo an in-plane rotation along the receptor axis to reach the β2AR-Gsempty state. The simulations shed light on how the structural elements at the receptor-G-protein interface interact to transmit the signal over 30Å to the nucleotide-binding site. Our analysis extends the current limited view of nucleotide-free snapshots to include additional states and structural features responsible for signaling and G protein coupling specificity.
Can Smart City Pilot Reduce Urban Haze Pollution? ——Empirical Evidence from Chinese Cities
Authors: Wang Ruqi , Tao Shigui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Considering China's smart city pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, the panel data of 284 cities from 2003 to 2020 were selected to evaluate the effect of smart city construction on haze pollution by combining the propensity score matching method and the difference-in-difference model (PSM-DID). The research results show that: (1) smart city construction has effectively reduced the concentration of urban haze, which is still valid after a series of robustness tests. (2) the results of heterogeneous test show that the smart city pilot has a stronger inhibitory effect on eastern cities, large and medium-sized cities, and cities with high level of talent agglomeration and intelligence. (3) the mechanism test found that the smart city pilot can indirectly promote the city haze governance by improving the innovation capacity (collaborative innovation and green innovation), improving the efficiency of resource allocation, and increasing the entrepreneurship rate of modern service industries. (4) after further exploration, it was found that the construction of smart cities has a significant spatial spillover effect on haze pollution. While promoting haze control in the local city, it will also suppress the haze concentration of neighboring cities through "demonstration effect".
Fuzzy Stationary Schrödinger Equation with Correlated Fuzzy Boundaries
Authors: salgado silvio , Esmi Estevão , de Souza Sérgio , Rojas Onofre , de Barros Laécio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article introduces the space of A-linearly correlated fuzzy complex numbers. Using this space, we study the stationary Schrödinger equation with boundary conditions are given by fuzzy complex numbers. This equation plays an special role in Quantum Mechanics describing the state of the system. We apply the formalism to the step potential, generating quantum results consistent with traditional quantum results.
Transcription-translation coupling status determines transcription termination
Authors: N Monford Paul Abishek , Jeon Heung Jin , Lim Heon , Wang Xun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In Escherichia coli, transcription is terminated by two mechanisms: Rho-independent termination (RIT) and Rho-dependent termination (RDT). Transcription of the galactose operon is terminated by two tandem terminators, RIT and RDT. In this work, we investigated whether RNA polymerase is terminated randomly at the RIT and RDT sites or is predetermined. Our results show that the transcription and translation complexes have different coupling statuses upon reaching the terminator, of which 50% were loosely coupled and 50% were closely coupled. RIT terminates transcripts that are loosely coupled to translation, and closely coupled transcripts that cannot be terminated by RIT are terminated by the downstream RDT. Thus, RIT and RDT are predetermined events that depend on the coupling status. This rule also holds for the 850 operons in E. coli. Our study reveals an important rule that E. coli has evolved different transcription termination systems at the ends of operons to adapt to different transcription-translation coupling statuses.
Fully endoscopic approach for resection of brainstem cavernous malformations: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Hu Zhigang , Tang Chao , Ma Chiyuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Brainstem cavernous malformations (BCMs) as a benign lesion, usually has an acute onset and leads to a high rate of morbidity. According to the different anatomical sites of various brainstem lesions, the selection of the optimal surgical approach is the premise of obtaining favorable surgical outcomes. Due to the depth illumination and panoramic view of endoscope compared with microscope, endoscopic surgery is gradually applied in the treatment of BCMs. For intra-axial ventral BCMs, the best surgical options are endoscopic endonasal approaches according to the “two-point method. For cavernous hemangiomas on the dorsal of the brainstem, the value of endoscopy lies in the better visualization of the operative field provided by the endoscope and the minimization of brain retraction. In this review, we gathered data on the fully endoscopic approach for resection of BCMs, and outline technical notes and tips for this approach. Seventeen cases from a total of 14 articles were included in the present review. The endoscopic endonasal approach was applied in 14 patients, endoscopic transcranial approach was performed in 3 patients. The total resection rate of lesions was 76.5% (14/17). In the 14 cases of endoscopic endonasal surgery, postoperative CSF leakage was found in 4 cases. The maximum diameter of lesion in 3 patients with postoperative CSF rhinorrhea was greater than 2cm. In the 15 patients with follow-up data, 2 patients showed no significant improvement after surgery, the remaining 13 patients showed significant improvement compared with admission. This systematic review of the literature demonstrates that a fully endoscopic approach to the BCMs is a safe and effective option for resection, which can be considered as an alternative to conventional craniotomy for dealing with these challenging lesions by a team of neurosurgeons with extensive experience in endoscopic surgery.
Systematic profiling of alternative splicing of ZNF family in Colorectal cancer
Authors: Sun Chao , Zeng Boning , Li Nan , Li Mingwei , Zhu Chaowei , Zheng Kai , Liu Kaisheng , Wang Shaoxiang , Wang Xiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgrounds: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health issue that requires innovative prognostic signatures to improve patient outcomes. Alternative splicing (AS) of RNA is a crucial modification process involved in cancer progression, and zinc finger proteins (ZNFs), the largest family of DNA binding proteins, have been implicated in various aspects of cancer development. However, the role of ZNF AS events in cancer remains poorly understood. Methods: To address this, we investigated the relationship between ZNF AS and CRC development using clinical samples and bioinformatics approaches to identify a prognostic signature. Results: We identified 227 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 98 survival-related genes among ZNFs. We also identified 29 differentially expressed AS (DEAS) events and 93 survival-related AS events in CRC patients. Using these results, we developed a thirteen-AS signature that showed excellent predictive ability, with a 3-year area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) value of 0.80, outperforming the commonly used tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging-based model (AUC = 0.73). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the risk score of our model was associated with various cancer-related pathways, including PI3K AKT MTOR, CELL CYCLE, APOPTOSIS, and more. We also validated our findings through qPCR and explored the correlations between splicing factors (SFs) and DEAS events. Conclusions: Our study provides new insights into the role of ZNFs in cancer and highlights their potential as prognostic biomarkers for CRC progression.
Temporal and Spatial Changes in Water Quality and Phytoplankton Populations in the lower St. Johns River, Florida
Authors: Bielmyer-Fraser Gretchen K. , Bowers Kaitlyn , Courville Julia M. , O’Keefe Samantha , Paulsen Sarah , Stoeber Luke , Wise Megan , Nienow James 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The St. Johns River (SJR) is a dynamic system, spanning 310 miles of Florida’s eastern coast and provides ecological, recreational, and commercial benefit for the state. The lower SJR basin, located near Jacksonville, forms an estuarine environment where tidal flow from the Atlantic Ocean mixes with freshwater moving through the river toward the ocean. Anthropogenic influences, such as increased development, dredging, and wastewater discharge from a variety of sources has changed the water quality in the river over past years. In this study, a variety of water quality parameters and a suite of metals were measured in water samples collected from eight sites in the lower SJR from 2019 to 2022, continued from previous work which documented these parameters in the river from 2017 to 2019. Aquatic communities such as phytoplankton can be indicative of river health, therefore, phytoplankton were collected from each site and the diatom component identified. The total number of taxa in each sample ranged from 60 to 190, with 25 taxa accounting for the majority (64%). The species Thalassiosira wongii was first discovered in the lower SJR during this study, previously documented from southern Brazil and the North Pacific. Like water chemistry, seasonal fluctuations in phytoplankton abundance and diversity were observed, with a relative abundance of Skeletonema costatum and Skeletonema subsalsum in times of lowered diversity. Further, decreased phytoplankton diversity correlated with increased metal contamination in the lower SJR. This study provides new information about the impact of human disturbance on biotic communities.