bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of troclosene sodium solution in decontamination of wounds: A prospective clinical and laboratory study
Authors: Segal Miriam , Metanes Issa , O'Boyle Ciaran P. , Sadeh Omer , Hassan Samer , Bryzgalin Leonid , Lavi Idit , Franco Eyal , Har‐Shai Yaron 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDebate persists regarding the safety of hypochlorite‐containing solutions in the decontamination of infected wounds. In 2006, the Israeli Ministry of Health withdrew licensing approval for troclosene sodium as a wound irrigation solution. The aim of this prospective clinical and laboratory study was to investigate the safety of troclosene sodium solution for decontamination of infected wounds. Troclosene sodium solution was used to treat 30 patients with 35 infected skin wounds of various etiologies and body areas, over a treatment period of 8 days. Data were gathered according to a prospectively designed protocol including general findings, wound‐specific observations on Day 1 and Day 8 and laboratory parameters on Day 1 and Day 8. Wound swabs and tissue biopsy for culture were taken on Day 1 and Day 8. Statistical analysis was executed. Tests were 2‐sided and p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Eighteen males and 12 females, with 35 infected skin wounds were enrolled. There were no adverse clinical events. No significant changes were observed in general clinical observations. Statistically significant improvements were observed in: pain (p < 0.0001); edema (p < 0.0001); area of wound covered by granulation tissue (p < 0.0001); exudate (p < 0.0001); and erythema (p = 0.002). Prior to treatment, bacteria were demonstrated on microscopy or on culture in 90% of wound samples. On Day 8, this frequency reduced to 40%. There were no abnormal laboratory tests. Serum sodium concentration increased significantly between Day 1 and Day 8, whilst serum concentration of urea and concentrations of thrombocytes, leucocytes and neutrophils showed statistically significant reductions, but all values remained within normal laboratory ranges throughout the study period. Troclosene sodium solution is clinically safe in the management of infected wounds. These findings were presented to the Israel Ministry of Health and as a result, troclosene sodium was re‐approved and licensed for decontamination of infected wounds in Israel.
Zoonotic Cryptosporidium meleagridis in urban invasive monk parakeets
Authors: Briceño Cristóbal , Marcone Daniela , Larraechea Matilde , Hidalgo Héctor , Fredes Fernando , Ramírez‐Toloza Galia , Cabrera Gonzalo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractZoonotic Cryptosporidium meleagridis was identified in invasive monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) from Santiago metropolis in Chile. Oocysts were isolated from nestlings' faeces, and a fragment of 18S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified and sequenced. This finding emphasizes the importance of permanent pathogen monitoring in synanthropic species with wide global distribution.
Identifying a list of healthcare ‘never events’ to effect system change: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Bowman Cara L , De Gorter Ria , Zaslow Joanna , Fortier Jacqueline H , Garber Gary 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNever events (NEs) are patient safety incidents that are preventable and so serious they should never happen. To reduce NEs, several frameworks have been introduced over the past two decades; however, NEs and their harms continue to occur. These frameworks have varying events, terminology and preventability, which hinders collaboration. This systematic review aims to identify the most serious and preventable events for targeted improvement efforts by answering the following questions: Which patient safety events are most frequently classified as never events? Which ones are most commonly described as entirely preventable?MethodsFor this narrative synthesis systematic review we searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central and CINAHL for articles published from 1 January 2001 to 27 October 2021. We included papers of any study design or article type (excluding press releases/announcements) that listed NEs or an existing NE framework.ResultsOur analyses included 367 reports identifying 125 unique NEs. Those most frequently reported were surgery on the wrong body part, wrong surgical procedure, unintentionally retained foreign objects and surgery on the wrong patient. Researchers classified 19.4% of NEs as ‘wholly preventable’. Those most included in this category were surgery on the wrong body part or patient, wrong surgical procedure, improper administration of a potassium-containing solution and wrong-route administration of medication (excluding chemotherapy).ConclusionsTo improve collaboration and facilitate learning from errors, we need a single list that focuses on the most preventable and serious NEs. Our review shows that surgery on the wrong body part or patient, or the wrong surgical procedure best meet these criteria.
G-MDSC-derived exosomes mediate the differentiation of M-MDSC into M2 macrophages promoting colitis-to-cancer transition
Authors: Wang Yungang , Liu Hongli , Zhang Zhe , Bian Dezhi , Shao Keke , Wang Shengjun , Ding Yanxia 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundsIn inflammatory bowel disease microenvironment, transdifferentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2 macrophage accumulation are crucial for the transition of colitis-to-cancer. New insights into the cross-talk and the underling mechanism between MDSCs and M2 macrophage during colitis-to-cancer transition are opening new avenues for colitis-associated cancer (CAC) prevention and treatment.MethodsThe role and underlying mechanism that granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) or exosomes (Exo) regulates the differentiation of monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) into M2 macrophages were investigated using immunoﬂuorescence, FACS, IB analysis, etc, andemploying siRNA and antibodies. In vivo efficacy and mechanistic studies were conducted with dextran sulfate sodium-induced CAC mice, employed IL-6 Abs and STAT3 inhibitor.ResultsG-MDSCs promote the differentiation of M-MDSC into M2 macrophages through exosomal miR-93–5 p which downregulating STAT3 activity in M-MDSC. IL-6 is responsible for miR-93–5 p enrichment in G-MDSC exosomes (GM-Exo). Mechanistically, chronic inflammation-driven IL-6 promote the synthesis of miR-93–5 p in G-MDSC via IL-6R/JAK/STAT3 pathway. Early use of IL-6 Abs enhances the effect of STAT3 inhibitor against CAC.ConclusionsIL-6-driven secretion of G-MDSC exosomal miR-93–5 p promotes the differentiation of M-MDSC into M2 macrophages and involves a STAT3 signaling mechanism that promote colitis-to-cancer transition. Combining STAT3 inhibitors with strategies that inhibit IL-6-mediated G-MDSC exosomal miR-93–5 p production is beneficial for the prevention and treatment of CAC.
TIGIT is a key inhibitory checkpoint receptor in lymphoma
Authors: Godfrey James , Chen Xiufen , Sunseri Nicole , Cooper Alan , Yu Jovian , Varlamova Arina , Zarubin Dmitry , Popov Yuriy , Jacobson Connor , Postovalova Ekaterina , Xiang Zhongmin , Nomie Krystle , Bagaev Aleksander , Venkataraman Girish , Zha Yuanyuan , Tumuluru Sravya , Smith Sonali M , Kline Justin P 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy (CBT) has greatly benefited patients with select solid tumors and lymphomas but has limited efficacy against diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Because numerous inhibitory checkpoint receptors have been implicated in driving tumor-specific T cell dysfunction, we hypothesized that combinatorial CBT would enhance the activity of anti-PD-1-based therapy in DLBCL. T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) is a coinhibitory receptor expressed on dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating T cells, and TIGIT blockade has demonstrated encouraging activity in combination with PD-1 blockade in murine tumor models and in clinical studies. However, the degree to which TIGIT mediates T cell dysfunction in DLBCL has not been fully explored.ResultsHere, we demonstrate that TIGIT is broadly expressed on lymphoma-infiltrating T cells (LITs) across a variety of human lymphomas and is frequently coexpressed with PD-1. TIGIT expression is particularly common on LITs in DLBCL, where TIGIT+LITs often form distinct cellular communities and exhibit significant contact with malignant B cells. TIGIT+/PD-1+LITs from human DLBCL and murine lymphomas exhibit hypofunctional cytokine production on ex vivo restimulation. In mice with established, syngeneic A20 B-cell lymphomas, TIGIT or PD-1 mono-blockade leads to modest delays in tumor outgrowth, whereas PD-1 and TIGIT co-blockade results in complete rejection of A20 lymphomas in most mice and significantly prolongs survival compared with mice treated with monoblockade therapy.ConclusionsThese results provide rationale for clinical investigation of TIGIT and PD-1 blockade in lymphomas, including DLBCL.
EEG response to a high volume (1.5 mL/kg) caudal block in infants less than 3 months
Authors: Castillo Paul , Vanhatalo Sampsa , Lundblad Marit , Blennow Mats , Lonnqvist P A 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe substantial compression of the dural sac and the subsequent cranial shift of cerebrospinal fluid caused by a high-volume caudal block has been shown to significantly but transiently reduce cerebral blood flow. The aim of the present study was to determine whether this reduction in cerebral perfusion is significant enough to alter brain function, as assessed by electroencephalography (EEG).MethodsFollowing ethics approval and parental informed consent, 11 infants (0–3 months) scheduled to undergo inguinal hernia repair were included in the study. EEG electrodes (using nine electrodes according to the 10–20 standard) were applied following anesthesia induction. Following a 5 min baseline period, a caudal block was performed (1.5 mL/kg), whereafter the EEG, hemodynamic, and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy responses were followed during a 20 min observation period that was divided into four 5 min segments. Special attention was given to alterations in delta power activity since this may indicate cerebral ischemia.ResultsAll 11 infants displayed transient EEG changes, mainly represented by increased relative delta power, during the initial 5–10 min postinjection. The observed changes had returned close to baseline values 15 min postinjection. Heart rate and blood pressure remained stable throughout the study.ConclusionA high-volume caudal block appears to increase intracranial pressure, thereby reducing cerebral blood flow, to the extent that it transiently will affect cerebral function as assessed by EEG (increased delta power activity) in approximately 90% of small infants.Trial registration numberACTRN12620000420943.
Evolution and interpolation of double parton distributions using Chebyshev grids
Authors: Diehl Markus , Nagar Riccardo , Plößl Peter , Tackmann Frank J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDouble parton distributions are the nonperturbative ingredients needed for computing double parton scattering processes in hadron–hadron collisions. They describe a variety of correlations between two partons in a hadron and depend on a large number of variables, including two independent renormalization scales. This makes it challenging to compute their scale evolution with satisfactory numerical accuracy while keeping computational costs at a manageable level. We show that this problem can be solved using interpolation on Chebyshev grids, extending the methods we previously developed for ordinary single-parton distributions. Using an implementation of these methods in the C++ library ChiliPDF, we study for the first time the evolution of double parton distributions beyond leading order in perturbation theory.
Minisuperspace quantum cosmology in f(Q) gravity
Authors: Bajardi Francesco , Capozziello Salvatore 
Published: June 2023

Abstractf(Q) symmetric-teleparallel gravity is considered in view of quantum cosmology. Specifically, we derive cosmological equations for f(Q) models and then investigate the related energy conditions. In the Minisuperspace formalism, the point-like f(Q) Hamiltonian is taken into account. In this framework, we obtain and solve the Wheeler–De Witt equation, thus finding the wave function of the universe in different cases. We show that the Hartle criterion can be applied and classical observable universes occur.
Local oscillator port embedded field enhancement resonator for Rydberg atomic heterodyne technique
Authors: Yang Kai , Mao Ruiqi , He Li , Yao Jiawei , Li Jianbing , Sun Zhanshan , Fu Yunqi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRydberg atom-based sensors using the atomic heterodyne technique demonstrate prominent performance on sensing sensitivity and thus have significant potential for radar, electronic reconnaissance, and communication applications. Here, we propose a local oscillator (LO) embedded field enhancement resonator to improve the sensitivity and integration of Rydberg atomic heterodyne sensors. In this approach, a vapor cell filled with cesium atoms is placed into the resonance structure for electric (E) field measurements. By integrating parallel-plate waveguide (PPWG) antennas and the resonator, the LO signal can be directly guided to the resonator using coaxial cable instead of the use of external antennas radiating through free space, allowing for a more flexible and practical Rydberg atom-based heterodyne technique. Based on the off-resonant Rydberg atomic heterodyne approach, for a radio frequency (RF) signal at 638 MHz, it is found that the sensitivity is 43 μV/cm$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$

Hz

in the absence of the resonator, while in the presence of our resonator, the sensitivity is down to 854.36 nV/cm$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$

Hz

, indicating 50 times or 34 dB improvement capacity of the proposed resonator. This type of enhancement resonator is expected to benefit Rydberg atomic heterodyne applications in practical environments.
Intake of Proton-Pump Inhibitors and Gastric Cancer within the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project
Authors: Sassano Michele , Mariani Marco , Pelucchi Claudio , Lunet Nuno , Morais Samantha , Martín Vicente , Moreno Victor , Curado Maria Paula , Dias-Neto Emmanuel , Leja Marcis , Gašenko Evita , La Vecchia Carlo , Boccia Stefania , Pastorino Roberta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
A potential association between proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) and gastric cancer remains undefined. Thus, we aimed to evaluate such association within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project.

Methods:
Data from five case–control studies of the StoP Project were included (1,889 cases and 6,517 controls). We assessed the impact of different exposure definitions, specifically any reported use of PPIs and exposure definitions based on the duration of PPI intake. Additionally, we modeled the dose–response relationship between the cumulative duration of PPI intake and gastric cancer.

Results:
Significant associations between PPI intake and gastric cancer, both overall and in the stratified analyses, were limited to exposure definitions based on short durations of intake. The overall odds ratio (OR) for any reported PPI intake was 1.78 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–4.14]. In the dose–response analysis, the ORs of gastric cancer were found to be higher for short durations of PPI intake (6 months: OR 3.26; 95% CI: 2.40–4.42; one year: OR 2.14; 95% CI: 1.69–2.70; 2 years: OR 1.50; 95% CI: 1.22–1.85; 3 years: OR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.56), with the association becoming not significant for durations longer than 3 years.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that the observed association between PPIs and gastric cancer might be mainly due to reverse causality.

Impact:
The results of this study suggest that PPIs are a safe therapeutic choice regarding their effect on the occurrence of gastric cancer.
See related commentary by Richman and Leiman, p. 1127
Phase I Study of Acalabrutinib Plus Danvatirsen (AZD9150) in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Including Circulating Tumor DNA Biomarker Assessment
Authors: Roschewski Mark , Patel Manish R. , Reagan Patrick M. , Saba Nakhle S. , Collins Graham P. , Arkenau Hendrik-Tobias , de Vos Sven , Nuttall Barrett , Acar Melih , Burke Kathleen , White Rafael D. , Udriste Maria , Sharma Shringi , Dougherty Brian , Stetson Daniel , Jenkins David , Mortlock Andrew , Forcina Alessandra , Munugalavadla Veerendra , Flinn Ian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:Novel targeted and immunotherapies have improved outcomes in relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), but toxicities limit widespread use. The selective Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor acalabrutinib has activity in patients with R/R DLBCL but durable responses are uncommon. STAT3 inhibition has demonstrated clinical activity in DLBCL.Patients and Methods:Final results of the phase I study of acalabrutinib plus STAT3 inhibitor (danvatirsen; AZD9150) in patients with R/R DLBCL are reported. Danvatirsen 200 mg intravenous infusion [Days 1, 3, 5 (Cycle 1); weekly infusions starting Day 8, Cycle 1] was administered in combination with oral acalabrutinib 100 mg twice daily until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoints were safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints included efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity.Results:Seventeen patients received combination treatment. One dose-limiting toxicity (Grade 3 liver transaminase) occurred in 1 patient. The most common reason for treatment discontinuation was PD (65%). In evaluable patients (n = 17), objective response rate was 24%; median duration of response was 1.9 months. All responders with available DLBCL cell-of-origin data were either activated B-cell or nongerminal center B-cell like subtype. Genetic subtype did not correlate with response. Baseline and longitudinal plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations were mostly higher in nonresponding patients. cfDNA changes were generally concordant with imaging. Pretreatment circulating B-cell levels were higher in responders versus nonresponders.Conclusions:Targeting both STAT3 and BTK in combination is safe and tolerable but efficacy is limited in R/R DLBCL. Results support evaluation of circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for clinical response.
Safety, Efficacy, and Biomarker Analyses of Dostarlimab in Patients with Endometrial Cancer: Interim Results of the Phase I GARNET Study
Authors: Oaknin Ana , Pothuri Bhavana , Gilbert Lucy , Sabatier Renaud , Brown Jubilee , Ghamande Sharad , Mathews Cara , O'Malley David M. , Kristeleit Rebecca , Boni Valentina , Gravina Adriano , Banerjee Susana , Miller Rowan , Pikiel Joanna , Mirza Mansoor R. , Dewal Ninad , Antony Grace , Dong Yuping , Zografos Eleftherios , Veneris Jennifer , Tinker Anna V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:This interim report of the GARNET phase I trial presents efficacy and safety of dostarlimab in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC), with an analysis of tumor biomarkers as prognostic indicators.Patients and Methods:A total of 153 patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) and 161 patients with mismatch repair proficient (MMRp)/microsatellite stable (MSS) EC were enrolled and dosed. Patients received 500 mg dostarlimab every 3 weeks for four cycles, then 1,000 mg every 6 weeks until progression. Primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR).Results:A total of 143 patients with dMMR/MSI-H EC and 156 patients with MMRp/MSS EC were evaluated for efficacy. ORR was 45.5% (n = 65) and 15.4% (n = 24) for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. Median DOR for dMMR/MSI-H EC was not met (median follow-up, 27.6 months); median DOR for MMRp/MSS EC was 19.4 months. The ORRs by combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 status were 54.9% and 21.7% for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. ORRs by high tumor mutational burden (≥10 mutations/Mb) were 47.8% (43/90) and 45.5% (5/11) for dMMR/MSI-H EC and MMRp/MSS EC, respectively. ORR in TP53mut or POLεmut molecular subgroups was 18.1% (17/94) and 40.0% (2/5), respectively. The safety profile of dostarlimab was consistent with previous reports.Conclusions:Dostarlimab demonstrated durable antitumor activity and safety in patients with dMMR/MSI-H EC. Biomarkers associated with EC may identify patients likely to respond to dostarlimab.See related commentary by Jangra and Dhani, p. 4521
Efficacy and Quality-of-Life Following Involved Nodal Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The INRT-AIR Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Sher David J. , Moon Dominic H. , Vo Dat , Wang Jing , Chen Liyuan , Dohopolski Michael , Hughes Randall , Sumer Baran D. , Ahn Chul , Avkshtol Vladimir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Elective neck irradiation (ENI) has long been considered mandatory when treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with definitive radiotherapy, but it is associated with significant dose to normal organs-at-risk (OAR). In this prospective phase II study, we investigated the efficacy and tolerability of eliminating ENI and strictly treating involved and suspicious lymph nodes (LN) with intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with newly diagnosed HNSCC of the oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx were eligible for enrollment. Each LN was characterized as involved or suspicious based on radiologic criteria and an in-house artificial intelligence (AI)–based classification model. Gross disease received 70 Gray (Gy) in 35 fractions and suspicious LNs were treated with 66.5 Gy, without ENI. The primary endpoint was solitary elective volume recurrence, with secondary endpoints including patterns-of-failure and patient-reported outcomes.

Results:
Sixty-seven patients were enrolled, with 18 larynx/hypopharynx and 49 oropharynx cancer. With a median follow-up of 33.4 months, the 2-year risk of solitary elective nodal recurrence was 0%. Gastrostomy tubes were placed in 14 (21%), with median removal after 2.9 months for disease-free patients; no disease-free patient is chronically dependent. Grade I/II dermatitis was seen in 90%/10%. There was no significant decline in composite MD Anderson Dysphagia Index scores after treatment, with means of 89.1 and 92.6 at 12 and 24 months, respectively.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that eliminating ENI is oncologically sound for HNSCC, with highly favorable quality-of-life outcomes. Additional prospective studies are needed to support this promising paradigm before implementation in any nontrial setting.