bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of the tools and techniques used in the digital preservation of architectural heritage within disaster cycles
Authors: Li Yuan , Du Yanan , Yang Mengsheng , Liang Jiaqi , Bai Huanxia , Li Rui , Law Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Architectural heritage is vulnerable to disasters. Digital technologies can fight destruction and can ensure integrity by monitoring, managing and protecting architectural heritage from disasters. In this paper, we clarify the relationship between disasters, digitalization and architectural heritage conservation for the sustainability of cultural heritage. This study used the PRISMA process, and bibliometric tools VOSviewer and Citespace to explore the potential of digital technologies in the protection of architectural heritage—especially during disaster cycles, from the perspectives of both universal and typicality; the results revealed that digital twins, deep learning, and preventive conservation are currently hot topics in digital preservation research (especially that research which relates to disaster cycles). On this basis, this paper summarizes the relevant technologies involved in architectural heritage preservation from the perspective of the disaster cycle and the digital phase, and proposes three future research directions: accurate prediction of multi-disasters, automatic early warning of structural damages, and intelligent monitoring of human–computer interaction. This paper constructs a new research frame for digital preservation of architectural heritage during disasters, providing theoretical reference and practical guidance for architectural heritage conversation.
Significant correlations between postoperative outcomes and various limb and component alignment strategies in medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Sava Manuel‐Paul , Leica Alexandra , Scala Isabel , Beckmann Johannes , Hirschmann Michael T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the correlation between postoperative limb/component alignments and clinical/functional outcomes following medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty (mUKA).MethodsInclusion criteria included peer‐reviewed English‐ or German‐language publications assessing postoperative limb or implant alignment and clinical outcomes of mUKA. Methodological Index for Non‐Randomized Studies (MINORS) was used to assess article quality.ResultsA total of 2767 knees from 2604 patients were evaluated. Significant correlations were observed between postoperative limb/component alignments and clinical/functional outcomes after mUKA. Inferior outcomes were associated with lower placement and excessive valgus alignment of the tibia component (> 3°). A recommended external rotation of 4°‐5° was identified for the tibia component, with specific cut‐off values for the femoral and tibia components.ConclusionsOptimal outcomes in mUKA were associated with a varus coronal limb alignment. The tibia implant component performed well within a specific alignment range. An exact external rotation value was recommended for the tibia component, while internal rotation correlated negatively with the femoral component.Level of evidenceIV (level IV retrospective case series were included).
CT-based deep learning radiomics nomogram for the prediction of pathological grade in bladder cancer: a multicenter study
Authors: Song Hongzheng , Yang Shifeng , Yu Boyang , Li Na , Huang Yonghua , Sun Rui , Wang Bo , Nie Pei , Hou Feng , Huang Chencui , Zhang Meng , Wang Hexiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To construct and assess a computed tomography (CT)-based deep learning radiomics nomogram (DLRN) for predicting the pathological grade of bladder cancer (BCa) preoperatively.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 688 patients with BCa (469 in the training cohort, 219 in the external test cohort) who underwent surgical resection. We extracted handcrafted radiomics (HCR) features and deep learning (DL) features from three-phase CT images (including corticomedullary-phase [C-phase], nephrographic-phase [N-phase] and excretory-phase [E-phase]). We constructed predictive models using 11 machine learning classifiers, and we developed a DLRN by combining the radiomic signature with clinical factors. We assessed performance and clinical utility of the models with reference to the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
The support vector machine (SVM) classifier model based on HCR and DL combined features was the best radiomic signature, with AUC values of 0.953 and 0.943 in the training cohort and the external test cohort, respectively. The AUC values of the clinical model in the training cohort and the external test cohort were 0.752 and 0.745, respectively. DLRN performed well on both data cohorts (training cohort: AUC = 0.961; external test cohort: AUC = 0.947), and outperformed the clinical model and the optimal radiomic signature.

Conclusion
The proposed CT-based DLRN showed good diagnostic capability in distinguishing between high and low grade BCa.
An introductory review of the thermal structure of subduction zones: III—Comparison between models and observations
Authors: van Keken Peter E. , Wilson Cian R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe thermal structure of subduction zones is fundamental to our understanding of the physical and chemical processes that occur at active convergent plate margins. These include magma generation and related arc volcanism, shallow and deep seismicity, and metamorphic reactions that can release fluids. Computational models can predict the thermal structure to great numerical precision when models are fully described but this does not guarantee accuracy or applicability. In a trio of companion papers, the construction of thermal subduction zone models, their use in subduction zone studies, and their link to geophysical and geochemical observations are explored. In this last part, we discuss how independent finite element approaches predict the thermal structure of the global subduction system and investigate how well these predictions correspond to geophysical, geochemical, and petrological observations.
A momentary lack of rituals: urban festivities cancelations in Geneva, Turin, and Zurich during the COVID-19 lockdowns
Authors: Cattacin Sandro , Gamba Fiorenza , Alzola Nerea Viana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRituals of territorial belonging as established practices of inclusion improve dynamics of belonging and coexistence. They are particularly significant in the city where people need rituals to trust each other. But what happens when rituals disappear? The Covid-19 pandemic is an experiment on a societal level on the role of rituals. We will analyze three canceled or strongly modified traditional events in Geneva, Zurich, and Turin. We conclude that these cancellations of rituals in urban public spaces generated a lack of territorial belonging and produced mistrust and anger, but at the same time pushed people to develop new dynamics to fill this void. Frustration over the cancellation was transformed into agency. This sense of emptiness was filled through the multiplication of personal and social rituals, through the rediscovery of the city’s territory alone or with their groups of affiliation, and through new digital rituals linked to the urban ritual.
Measuring needs-based quality of life and self-perceived health inequity in patients with multimorbidity: investigating psychometric measurement properties of the MultiMorbidity Questionnaire (MMQ) using primarily Rasch models
Authors: Bissenbakker Kristine , Siersma Volkert , Jønsson Alexandra Brandt Ryborg , Møller Anne , Christensen Karl Bang , Brodersen John Brandt 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Multimorbidity is a burden for the individual and to the healthcare sector worldwide, leading to a rising number of intervention studies towards this patient group. To measure a possible effect of such interventions, an adequate patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) is essential. The aim of this study was to assess the draft MultiMorbidity Questionnaire (MMQ), a PROM measuring needs-based quality of life and self-perceived inequity in patients with multimorbidity, for its psychometric properties and to adjust it accordingly to create a content- and construct valid measure.

Methods
The draft MMQ was sent to 1198 eligible respondents with multimorbidity. Modern test theory and classical test theory were used to analyse data. Dimensionality of the suggested domains and invariance of the items were assessed through item analysis, examining the fit to a psychometric model.

Results
The psychometric analyses were based on responses from 390 patients with multimorbidity. In the MMQ1, measuring needs-based QoL, evidence of six unidimensional scales was confirmed: physical ability (6 items), worries (6 items), limitations in everyday life (10 items), my social life (6 items), self-image (6 items), and personal finances (3 items). The psychometric analyses of the MMQ2 outlined four unidimensional scales measuring the feeling of Self-perceived inequity in patients with multimorbidity: experiences of being stigmatised (4–5 items), Experiences of insufficient understanding of the burden of disease (3 items), Experiences of not being seen and heard (4 items), Experience of powerlessness (5 items). These scales are relevant for patients’ with multimorbidity encounters with (1) their general pratitioner, (2) staff at their general practitioner’s surgery, (3) healthcare professionals, (4) staff at the local authorities and (5) friends, family, and others.

Conclusion
The MMQ, a QoL measure for patients living with multimorbidity has been validated: the MMQ1 is a condition-specific PROM with adequate psychometric properties designed to measure needs-based QoL. The MMQ2 measuring Self-perceived inequity, has also been found to possess adequate measurement properties; however due to the risk of type 2 error a revalidation of MMQ2 is suggested.
The collagen enhancement by Spirulina extract in intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging in albino rat
Authors: Sharafeldein Khaled , Ayesh Hanan , Salama Safwatt , Marei Azza M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The aging of the skin is considered a cumulative process that is classed as intrinsic or extrinsic. Environmental factors like sun exposure and air pollution are considered the main cause of extrinsic aging. Mainly, intrinsic aging reflects the genetic background and depends on time. Spirulina platensis unicellular blue–green algae have a variety of biological and nutritional activities because of their high level of nutrients. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism by which spirulina extract (SE) may act anti-aging in female albino rats. Spirulina extract (20 mg/mL) was injected subcutaneously before UVA irradiation (2.16 J/cm2), daily for 7 days. The epidermal thickness and the collagen fibers layer were stained utilizing hematoxylin and eosin and Masson.

Results
SE induced significant improvements in the activities of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, down-regulating in expressions of inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and reverses excessive ROS levels. As well as , the recovery of collagen density and reduction in the production of matrix metalloproteinases were presented.

Conclusions
The results found that spirulina extract may delay the signs of skin aging by enhancing collagen as well as antioxidant activities and inhibiting collagen degradation and inflammation.
Exploration of the anti-diabetic potential of hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Koenigia polystachya L.: an edible wild plant from Northeastern India
Authors: Kiba Alokali , Saha Dipankar , Das Bhrigu Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, medicinal plants are used to treat diseases like diabetes. The present study evaluates the possible antioxidant, acute oral toxicity, the in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential of the hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Koenigia polystachya (HELeKP) against beta-cell damage in experimentally induced diabetes mellitus. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine), ABTS [2,2′-azino bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide), superoxide radical scavenging activity and NO (Nitric oxide) assay estimated the in-vitro antioxidant assay of HELeKP. The acute oral toxicity study was evaluated per the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) test guidelines 425. Diabetes was stimulated in rats with a single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ), and after confirmation of diabetes, HELeKP was given orally for 21 days. Blood/serum samples were gathered and examined for biochemical changes, while tissue samples were evaluated for histopathological alterations.

Results
The IC50 value of the HELeKP for all the anti-oxidant assays confirms the free radical scavenging activity. The data on acute oral toxicity revealed that the HELeKP used in the study was comparatively very safe. The outcomes of the in-vivo study suggested that the extract significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the fasting glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the lipid profile level was significantly normalized (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) in diabetic rats. The histopathological observation of the pancreas in HELeKP-treated rats showed significant beta-cell restoration.

Conclusions
Based on the outcomes of this study, the HELeKP-treated rats have significant free radical scavenging and anti-diabetic potential. Therefore, it can be recommended as a beneficial functional vegetable for consumption.
Mandibular small cell osteosarcoma: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Amer Hatem Wael , Algadi Hana’a Hezam , Hamza Shyma’a Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Small cell osteosarcoma is an extremely rare histopathological variant of conventional osteosarcoma. Due to nonspecific symptoms, most osteosarcomas of the jaws are misdiagnosed as periapical abscesses and mistreated by teeth extraction and drainage.

Case presentation
We report, to our knowledge, the seventh case of small cell osteosarcoma in gnathic sites affecting the mandible of an old female with history of a large painful swelling related to the right mandibular molar area for 2 months. Cone-beam computed tomography scan showed an osteolytic lesion related to the lower molar area with involvement of the inferior alveolar nerve. An incisional biopsy was taken, and after histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining, a diagnosis of small cell osteosarcoma was reached. Hemi-mandibulectomy was performed by a maxillofacial surgeon. No clinical evidence for recurrence was noted until manuscript writing.

Conclusion
Accurate diagnosis is very important, and general practitioners should be aware of this entity considering that small cell osteosarcoma has a poor prognosis when compared to conventional osteosarcoma.
Design principles for transporting vesicles with enclosed active particles
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Authors: Uplap Sarvesh , Hagan Michael F. , Baskaran Aparna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We use coarse-grained molecular-dynamics simulations to study the motility of a 2D vesicle containing self-propelled rods, as a function of the vesicle bending rigidity and the number density, length, and activity of the enclosed rods. Above a threshold value of the rod length, distinct dynamical regimes emerge, including a dramatic enhancement of vesicle motility characterized by a highly persistent random walk. These regimes are determined by clustering of the rods within the vesicle; the maximum motility state arises when there is one long-lived polar cluster. We develop a scaling theory that predicts the dynamical regimes as a function of control parameters, and shows that feedback between activity and passive membrane forces govern the rod organization. These findings yield design principles for building self-propelled superstructures using independent active agents under deformable confinement.
Catheter Tract Hemorrhages and Intracerebral Hemorrhage Outcomes in the Clot Lysis: Evaluating Accelerated Resolution of Intraventricular Hemorrhage Trial
Authors: Garton Andrew L. A. , Oh Stephanie E. , Müller Achim , Avadhani Radhika , Zhang Cenai , Merkler Alexander E. , Awad Issam , Hanley Daniel , Kamel Hooman , Ziai Wendy C. , Murthy Santosh B. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Factors associated with external ventricular catheter tract hemorrhage (CTH) are well studied; whether CTH adversely influence outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), however, is poorly understood. We therefore sought to evaluate the association between CTH and sICH outcomes.

METHODS:
We performed a post hoc analysis of the Clot Lysis: Evaluating Accelerated Resolution of Intraventricular Hemorrhage trial. The exposure was CTH and evaluated on serial computed tomography scans between admission and randomization (approximately 72 hours). The primary outcomes were a composite of death or major disability (modified Rankin Score >3) and mortality alone, both assessed at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were functional outcomes at 30 days, permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt placement, any infection, and ventriculitis. We performed logistic regression adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, sICH characteristics, and treatment assignment, for all analyses.

RESULTS:
Of the 500 patients included, the mean age was 59 (SD, ±11) years and 222 (44%) were female. CTH occurred in 112 (22.4%) patients and was more common in minority patients, those on prior antiplatelet therapy, and patients who had more than 1 external ventricular drain placed. The end of treatment intraventricular hemorrhage volume was higher among patients with CTH (11.7 vs 7.9 mL, P = .01), but there were no differences in other sICH characteristics or the total duration of external ventricular drain. In multivariable regression models, CTH was not associated with death or major disability (odds ratio, 0.7; 95% CI: 0.4-1.2) or death alone (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.5-1.4). There were no relationships between CTH and secondary outcomes including 30-day functional outcomes, permanent CSF shunt placement, any infection, or ventriculitis.

CONCLUSION:
Among patients with sICH and large intraventricular hemorrhage, CTH was not associated with poor sICH outcomes, permanent CSF shunt placement, or infections. A more detailed cognitive evaluation is needed to inform about the role of CTH in sICH prognosis.
Visual Morbidity in Patients With Ophthalmic Segment Aneurysms Treated With Flow Diverters: A Dual-Center Experience
Authors: Levy Bennett R. , Monteiro Andre , Raygor Kunal P. , Donnelly Brianna M. , Davies Jason M. , Snyder Kenneth V. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Levy Elad I. , Sigounas Dimitri 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Flow diverter (FD) treatment for aneurysms of the ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) may raise concerns about visual morbidity related to coverage of the ophthalmic artery by the device. Our objective was to evaluate clinical and angiographic outcomes associated with FD treatment of these aneurysms, with particular emphasis on visual morbidity.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective analysis of the endovascular databases at 2 US centers to identify consecutive patients with aneurysms along the ophthalmic segment of the ICA that were treated with FDs between January 2010 and December 2022. Baseline demographics, aneurysm characteristics, and periprocedural and postprocedural data, including the occurrence of visual complications, were collected.

RESULTS:
One hundred and thirteen patients with 113 aneurysms were identified for inclusion in this study. The mean age of the patients was 59.5 ± 12.4 years, and 103 (91.2%) were women. The ophthalmic artery origin was involved in 40 (35.4%) aneurysms, consisting of a neck origin in 33 (29.2%) and a dome origin in 7 (6.2%). New transient visual morbidity during the hospital stay included impaired visual acuity or blurriness in 1 (0.9%) patient, diplopia in 1 (0.9%), and floaters in 1 (0.9%). New transient visual morbidity during follow-up included impaired visual acuity or blurriness in 5 patients (4.4%), diplopia in 3 (2.7%), ipsilateral visual field defect in 1 (0.9%), and floaters in 6 (5.3%). Permanent visual morbidity occurred in 1 patient (0.9%). Among the 101 patients who had angiographic follow-up, the Raymond-Roy occlusion classifications were I (complete aneurysm occlusion) in 85 (84.2%), II (residual neck) in 11 (10.9%), and III (residual aneurysm) in 5 (4.9%).

CONCLUSION:
In our experience, flow diversion for ICA ophthalmic segment aneurysms resulted in low rates of visual morbidity, which was mostly transient in occurrence.
Neuromuscular Plantar Flexor Performance of Sprinters versus Physically Active Individuals
Authors: CROTTY EVAN D. , FURLONG LAURA-ANNE M. , HARRISON ANDREW J. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Comparison of the neuromuscular performance of different athlete types may give insight into the in vivo variability of these measures and their underpinning mechanisms. The study aims to compare the neuromuscular function of the plantar flexors of sprinters and physically active individuals to assess any differences in explosive force performance.

Methods
Neuromuscular performance of a group of sprinters (highly trained/national level, n = 12; elite/international level, n = 2) and physically active individuals (n = 14) were assessed during involuntary, explosive, and maximum voluntary isometric plantar flexions, across different muscle–tendon unit (MTU) lengths (10° plantarflexion, 0° (anatomical zero/neutral), and 10° dorsiflexion). Plantarflexion rate of torque development (RTD) was measured in three 50-ms time windows from their onset. The synchronous activation of the plantar flexor agonist muscles was calculated as the time difference between 1) the first and last muscle onset and 2) the onsets of the two gastrocnemii muscles. Muscle size and MTU stiffness were assessed using sonograms of the medial gastrocnemius and myotendinous junction.

Results
Sprinters exhibited greater involuntary RTD across time points (0–50 ms, 50–100 ms) and MTU lengths. In addition, sprinters demonstrated greater early phase voluntary RTD (0–50 ms, 50–100 ms) across MTU lengths. Sprinters also demonstrated greater late-phase RTD (100–150 ms), and relative maximal voluntary torque at the DF angle only. The sprinters demonstrated a more synchronous activation of the gastrocnemii muscles. There were no observable differences in muscle size and MTU stiffness between groups.

Conclusions
These findings suggest sprint-specific training could be a contributing factor toward improved explosive performance of the plantar flexors, particularly in the early phase of muscular contraction, evidenced by the greater explosive torque producing capabilities of sprinters.