bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbonic anhydrase IV in lizard chemical signals
Authors: Mangiacotti Marco , Fumagalli Marco , Casali Claudio , Biggiogera Marco , Forneris Federico , Sacchi Roberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evolution of chemical signals is subject to environmental constraints. A multicomponent signal may combine semiochemical molecules with supporting compounds able to enhance communication efficacy. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ubiquitous enzymes catalysing the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, a reaction involved in a variety of physiological processes as it controls the chemical environment of the different tissues or cellular compartments, thus contributing to the overall system homeostasis. CA-IV isoform has been recently identified by mass spectrometry in the femoral gland secretions (FG) of the marine iguana, where it has been hypothesized to contribute to the chemical stability of the signal, by regulating blend pH. Lizards, indeed, use FG to communicate by delivering the waxy secretion on bare substrate, where it is exposed to environmental stressors. Therefore, we expect that some molecules in the mixture may play supporting functions, enhancing the stability of the chemical environment, or even conferring homeostatic properties to the blend. CA-IV may well represent an important candidate to this hypothesized supporting/homeostatic function, and, therefore, we can expect it to be common in FG secretions of other lizard species. To evaluate this prediction and definitely validate CA identity, we analysed FG secretions of eight species of wall lizards (genus Podarcis), combining mass spectrometry, immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrate CA-IV to actually occur in the FG of seven out of the eight considered species, providing an immunochemistry validation of mass-spectrometry identifications, and localizing the enzyme within the secretion mass. The predicted structure of the identified CA is compatible with the known enzymatic activity of CA-IV, supporting the hypothesis that CA play a signal homeostasis function and opening to new perspective about the role of proteins in vertebrate chemical communication.
Role of puboperinealis and rectourethralis muscles as a urethral support system to maintain urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kataoka Masao , Meguro Satoru , Tanji Ryo , Onagi Akifumi , Matsuoka Kanako , Honda-Takinami Ruriko , Hoshi Seiji , Hata Junya , Sato Yuichi , Akaihata Hidenori , Ogawa Soichiro , Uemura Motohide , Kojima Yoshiyuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present study investigated the role of a urethral support system to maintain urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), with a focus on pelvic floor muscles, such as the puboperinealis muscle (PPM) and rectourethralis muscle (RUM). Finally, 323 patients who underwent RARP were analyzed in this study. All patients performed a one-hour pad test 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after RARP to assess urinary incontinence and MRI before and 9 months after RARP to evaluate the pelvic anatomical structure. The preoperative cross-sectional area of PPM (2.21 ± 0.69 cm2) was significantly reduced by 19% after RARP (1.79 ± 0.60 cm2; p < 0.01). Positive correlations were observed between the amount of urinary leakage according to the 1-h pad test 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after RARP and the change in the cross-sectional area of PPM by RARP (p < 0.01, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively). A positive correlation was also noted between the amount of urinary leakage 6 and 12 months after RARP and the preoperative RUM diameter (p < 0.05). The amount of urinary leakage 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after RARP negatively correlated with the change in the antero-posterior diameter of the membranous urethra (MU diameter) from the static to dynamic phases during the Valsalva maneuver by cine MRI. Furthermore, the change in the MU diameter negatively correlated with the change in the cross-sectional area of PPM (p < 0.05). PPM and RUM play significant roles as a supportive mechanism to maintain urinary continence by functioning as a urethral support.
Mechanism of salidroside in the treatment of endometrial cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Yang Panpan , Chai Yihong , Wei Min , Ge Yan , Xu Feixue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSalidroside is a natural product of phenols, which has a wide scape of pharmacological effects, but its pharmacological effects and molecular mechanism on endometrial cancer are not clear. To systematically explore the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of salidroside on endometrial cancer through the method of network pharmacology. The possible target genes of salidroside were obtained through different pharmacological databases and analysis platforms, and then the relevant target genes of endometrial cancer were obtained through the GeneCards website, and the target genes were uniformly converted into standardized gene names with Uniprot. The collected data were then processed to obtain common target genes and further analyzed through the String website to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, followed by gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway analysis. We further interpreted the molecular mechanism of salidroside for the treatment of endometrial cancer by constructing a “drug component–target gene–disease” network. Finally, we performed molecular docking to validate the binding conformation between salidroside and the candidate target genes. There were 175 target genes of salidroside after normalization, among which 113 target genes interacted with endometrial cancer. GO analysis indicated that the anti-endometrial cancer effect of salidroside may be strongly related to biological processes such as apoptosis and response to drug. KEGG analysis indicated that its mechanism may be related to pathway in cancer and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that salidroside had high affinity with five key genes. Based on the novel network pharmacology and molecular docking validation research methods, we have revealed for the first time the potential mechanism of salidroside in the therapy of endometrial cancer.
Single-cell sequencing of a novel model of neonatal bile duct ligation in mice identifies macrophage heterogeneity in obstructive cholestasis
Authors: Antala Swati , Gromer Kyle D. , Gadhvi Gaurav , Kriegermeier Alyssa , Wang Jiao-Jing , Abdala-Valencia Hiam , Wechsler Joshua B. , Perlman Harris , Winter Deborah R. , Zhang Zheng J. , Green Richard M. , Taylor Sarah A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMacrophages (MΦ) play a role in neonatal etiologies of obstructive cholestasis, however, the role for precise MΦ subsets remains poorly defined. We developed a neonatal murine model of bile duct ligation (BDL) to characterize etiology-specific differences in neonatal cholestatic MΦ polarization. Neonatal BDL surgery was performed on female BALB/c mice at 10 days of life (DOL) with sham laparotomy as controls. Comparison was made to the Rhesus Rotavirus (RRV)-induced murine model of biliary atresia (BA). Evaluation of changes at day 7 after surgery (BDL and sham groups) and murine BA (DOL14) included laboratory data, histology (H&E, anti-CD45 and anti-CK19 staining), flow cytometry of MΦ subsets by MHCII and Ly6c expression, and single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. Neonatal BDL achieved a 90% survival rate; mice had elevated bile acids, bilirubin, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) versus controls (p < 0.05 for all). Histology demonstrated hepatocellular injury, CD45+ portal infiltrate, and CK19+ bile duct proliferation in neonatal BDL. Comparison to murine BA showed increased ALT in neonatal BDL despite no difference in histology Ishak score. Neonatal BDL had significantly lower MHCII-Ly6c+ MΦ versus murine BA, however, scRNA-seq identified greater etiology-specific MΦ heterogeneity with increased endocytosis in neonatal BDL MΦ versus cellular killing in murine BA MΦ. We generated an innovative murine model of neonatal obstructive cholestasis with low mortality. This model enabled comparison to murine BA to define etiology-specific cholestatic MΦ function. Further comparisons to human data may enable development of immune modulatory therapies to improve patient outcomes.
The effect of mycophenolate mofetil on podocytes in nephrotoxic serum nephritis
Authors: Hackl A. , Nüsken E. , Voggel J. , Abo Zed S. E. D. , Binz-Lotter J. , Unnersjö-Jess D. , Müller C. , Fink G. , Bohl K. , Wiesner E. , Diefenhardt P. , Dafinger C. , Chen H. , Wohlfarth M. , Müller R.-U. , Hackl M. J. , Schermer B. , Nüsken K.-D. , Weber L. T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is applied in proteinuric kidney diseases, but the exact mechanism of its effect on podocytes is still unknown. Our previous in vitro experiments suggested that MMF can ameliorate podocyte damage via restoration of the Ca2+-actin cytoskeleton axis. The goal of this study was to characterize podocyte biology during MMF treatment in nephrotoxic serum (NTS) nephritis (NTN). NTN was induced in three-week old wild-type mice. On day 3, half of the mice were treated with MMF (100 mg/kgBW/d p.o.) for one week. On day 10, we performed proteomic analysis of glomeruli as well as super-resolution imaging of the slit diaphragm. For multiphoton imaging of Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i), the experimental design was repeated in mice expressing podocyte-specific Ca2+sensor. MMF ameliorated the proteinuria and crescent formation induced by NTS. We identified significant changes in the abundance of proteins involved in Ca2+signaling and actin cytoskeleton regulation, which was further confirmed by direct [Ca2+]iimaging in podocytes showing decreased Ca2+levels after MMF treatment. This was associated with a tendency to restoration of podocyte foot process structure. Here, we provide evidence that MPA has a substantial direct effect on podocytes. MMF contributes to improvement of [Ca2+]iand amelioration of the disorganized actin cytoskeleton in podocytes. These data extend the knowledge of direct effects of immunosuppressants on podocytes that may contribute to a more effective treatment of proteinuric glomerulopathies with the least possible side effects.
Attention U-net for automated pulmonary fissure integrity analysis in lung computed tomography images
Authors: Althof Zachary W. , Gerard Sarah E. , Eskandari Ali , Galizia Mauricio S. , Hoffman Eric A. , Reinhardt Joseph M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractComputed Tomography (CT) imaging is routinely used for imaging of the lungs. Deep learning can effectively automate complex and laborious tasks in medical imaging. In this work, a deep learning technique is utilized to assess lobar fissure completeness (also known as fissure integrity) from pulmonary CT images. The human lungs are divided into five separate lobes, divided by the lobar fissures. Fissure integrity assessment is important to endobronchial valve treatment screening. Fissure integrity is known to be a biomarker of collateral ventilation between lobes impacting the efficacy of valves designed to block airflow to diseased lung regions. Fissure integrity is also likely to impact lobar sliding which has recently been shown to affect lung biomechanics. Further widescale study of fissure integrity’s impact on disease susceptibility and progression requires rapid, reproducible, and noninvasive fissure integrity assessment. In this paper we describe IntegrityNet, an attention U-Net based automatic fissure integrity analysis tool. IntegrityNet is able to predict fissure integrity with an accuracy of 95.8%, 96.1%, and 89.8% for left oblique, right oblique, and right horizontal fissures, compared to manual analysis on a dataset of 82 subjects. We also show that our method is robust to COPD severity and reproducible across subject scans acquired at different time points.
Optimization of heterogeneous vehicle logistics scheduling with multi-objectives and multi-centers
Authors: He Zhaolei , Zhang Miaohan , Chen Qiyong , Chen Shiyun , Pan Nan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIndustrial enterprises have high requirements on timeliness and cost when delivering industrial products to their customers. For this reason, this paper studies the vehicle routing problem (VRP) of different vehicle models in multiple distribution centers. First of all, we consider the multi-dimensional constraints in the actual distribution process such as vehicle load and time window, and build a multi-objective optimization model for product distribution with the goal of minimizing the distribution time and cost and maximizing the loading rate of vehicles. Furthermore, an Improved Life-cycle Swarm Optimization (ILSO) algorithm is proposed based on the life cycle theory. Finally, we use the order data that Yunnan Power Grid Company needs to deliver to the customer (municipal power supply bureau) on a certain day to conduct a dispatching experiment. The simulation and application results show that the transportation cost of transportation obtained by the ILSO algorithm is reduced by 0.8% to 1.6% compared with the other five algorithms. Therefore, ILSO algorithm has advantages in helping enterprises reduce costs and improve efficiency.
Designing super-fast trimodal sponges using recycled polypropylene for organics cleanup
Authors: Saleem Junaid , Moghal Zubair Khalid Baig , McKay Gordon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSorbent pads and films have been commonly used for environmental remediation purposes, but designing their internal structure to optimize access to the entire volume while ensuring cost-effectiveness, ease of fabrication, sufficient strength, and reusability remains challenging. Herein, we report a trimodal sorbent film from recycled polypropylene (PP) with micropores, macro-voids, and sponge-like 3D cavities, developed through selective dissolution, thermally induced phase separation, and annealing. The sorbent has hundreds of cavities per cm2 that are capable of swelling up to twenty-five times its thickness, allowing for super-fast saturation kinetics (within 30 s) and maximum oil sorption (97 g/g). The sorption mechanism follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Moreover, the sorbent is easily compressible, and its structure is retained during oil sorption, desorption, and resorption, resulting in 96.5% reuse efficiency. The oil recovery process involves manually squeezing the film, making the cleanup process efficient with no chemical treatment required. The sorbent film possesses high porosity for effective sorption with sufficient tensile strength for practical applications. Our integrated technique results in a strengthened porous polymeric structure that can be tailored according to end-use applications. This study provides a sustainable solution for waste management that offers versatility in its functionality.
Competitive and substrate limited environments drive metabolic heterogeneity for comammox Nitrospira
Authors: Martinez-Rabert Eloi , Smith Cindy J , Sloan William T , Gonzalez-Cabaleiro Rebeca 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nitrospira has been revealed as a high versatile genus. Although previously considered only responsible for the conversion of nitrite to nitrate, now we know that Nitrospira can perform complete ammonia oxidation to nitrate too (comammox). Comammox activity was firstly reported as dominant in extremely limited oxygen environments, where anaerobic ammonia oxidation was also occurring (anammox). To explain the comammox selection, we developed an Individual-based Model able to describe Nitrospira and anammox growth in suspended flocs assembled in a dynamic nitrogen and oxygen-limiting environment. All known and hypothesized nitrogen transformations of Nitrospira were considered: ammonia and nitrite oxidation, comammox, nitrate-reducing ammonia oxidation, and anaerobic nitrite-reducing ammonia oxidation. Through bioenergetics analysis, the growth yield associated to each activity was estimated. The other kinetic parameters necessary to describe growth were calibrated according to the reported literature values. Our modeling results suggest that even extremely low oxygen concentrations (~1.0 µM) allow for a proportional growth of anammox versus Nitrospira similar to the one experimentally observed. The strong oxygen limitation was followed by a limitation of ammonia and nitrite, because anammox, without strong competitors, were able to grow faster than Nitrospira depleting the environment in nitrogen. These substrate limitations created an extremely competitive environment that proved to be decisive in the community assembly of Nitrospira and anammox. Additionally, a diversity of metabolic activities for Nitrospira was observed in all tested conditions, which in turn, explained the transient nitrite accumulation observed in aerobic environments with higher ammonia availability.
The Reliability of Expert Diagnosis of Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Murray Elizabeth , Velleman Shelley , Preston Jonathan L. , Heard Robert , Shibu Akhila , McCabe Patricia 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The current standard for clinical diagnosis of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is expert clinician judgment. The psychometric properties of this standard are not well understood; however, they are important for improving clinical diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which experts agree on the clinical diagnosis of CAS using two cohorts of children with mixed speech sound disorders (SSDs).

Method:

Speech samples of children with SSDs were obtained from previous and ongoing research from video recordings of children aged 3–8 years (
n
= 36) and audio recordings of children aged 8–17 years (
n
= 56). A total of 23 expert, English-speaking clinicians were recruited internationally. Three of these experts rated each speech sample to provide a description of the observed features and a diagnosis. Intrarater reliability was acceptable at 85% agreement.

Results:
Interrater reliability on the presence or absence of CAS among experts was poor both as a categorical diagnosis (κ = .187, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.089, 0.286]) and on a continuous “likelihood of CAS” scale (0–100; intraclass correlation = .183, 95% CI [.037, .347]). Reliability was similar across the video-recorded and audio-only samples. There was greater agreement on other diagnoses (such as articulation disorder) than on the diagnosis of CAS, although these too did not meet the predetermined standard. Likelihood of CAS was greater in children who presented with more American Speech-Language-Hearing Association CAS consensus features.

Conclusions:
Different expert raters had different thresholds for applying the diagnosis of CAS. If expert clinician judgment is to be used for diagnosis of CAS or other SSDs, further standardization and calibration is needed to increase interrater reliability. Diagnosis may require operationalized checklists or reliable measures that operate along a diagnostic continuum.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23949105
Positive Experiences Related to Stuttering in Adults Who Stutter
Authors: Manivannan Vasupradaa , Medina Angela M. , Maruthy Santosh , Singhal Meet , Agarwal Anshul , Manchaiah Vinaya 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this large-scale, qualitative study is to investigate the perceived positive experiences and benefits of stuttering as reported by adults who stutter.

Method:
Data from a registration survey hosted by a free stuttering management app were extracted by the app developers and shared for the purposes of this study. Seventy-seven adults who stutter responded to an optional, open-ended prompt on the survey, “Make a list of any positive experiences you have encountered due to stuttering. Write down as many as you can think of.” Responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results:
Four major themes emerged regarding positive experiences with stuttering including (a) development of skills, qualities, and talents; (b) personal development; (c) coping strategies; and (d) support from others.

Conclusion:
Findings from this study align with previous literature that addresses positive outcomes of stuttering as described by adults who stutter; however, this study is unique in that it is the only research that has exclusively explored this topic in a large sample using qualitative methods.
Einfluss der Resektionsränder und des Zeitpunkts der inguinalen Lymphadenektomie auf die Lokalrezidivrate und die Überlebensrate bei Patienten mit Peniskarzinom
Authors: Albarghouth Mohamad Hatem , Schulze Claudia , Bothmann Robin , Hamza Amir 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In einer monozentrischen Analyse soll der Einfluss der Resektionsränder und des Zeitpunkts der inguinalen Lymphadenektomie auf die Lokalrezidivrate und die Überlebensrate bei Männern mit histologisch gesichertem Peniskarzinom untersucht werden.
Material und Methoden Im Zeitraum von 2011–2021 wurden insgesamt 31 männliche Patienten in unserem Krankenhaus bezüglich ihres Peniskarzinoms behandelt. 32% dieser Patienten zeigten dabei einen lokal fortgeschrittenen Primärbefund. Eine totale Penektomie wurde bei 9 Patienten, eine partielle Penektomie bei 17 Patienten und eine lokale Exzision in 5 Fällen durchgeführt. Eine bilaterale inguinale Lymphadenektomie wurde bei 16 Patienten durchgeführt. Die Patienten wurden bezüglich des minimalen Abstands der Resektionsränder (<1cm vs. >1cm) und dann erneut anhand des Zeitpunkts der inguinalen Lymphadenektomie (<6 Monate vs. >6 Monate) in 2 Gruppen eingeteilt. Die Ergebnisse wurden bezüglich der Lokalrezidivrate und der Überlebensrate analysiert.
Ergebnisse Das 1-Jahres-rezidivfreie Überleben lag bei 84%. Das 1-Jahres-Gesamtüberleben lag bei 70,9% (5 Jahre: 60,9%). Die 1-Jahres-Überlebensrate lag bei 68,7% im Falle, dass der minimale Abstand zum Resektionsrand unter 1cm lag, und bei 73,4%, wenn der minimale Abstand zum Resektionsrand über 1cm lag. Die Rate an Lokalrezidiven nach einem Jahr war geringer, wenn die inguinale Lymphadenektomie innerhalb der ersten 6 Monate nach Diagnosestellung durchgeführt wurde (38,5% versus 66,7%). Diese Unterschiede waren statistisch jedoch nicht signifikant.
Schlussfolgerung Ein minimaler Abstand zum Resektionsrand unter 1cm und eine frühzeitige inguinale Lymphadenektomie verbesserten statistisch nicht signifikant das Gesamtüberleben oder reduzierten statistisch die Rezidivrate (p=0,611; p=0,375).