bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preinjury Knee and Ankle Mechanics during Running Are Reduced among Collegiate Runners Who Develop Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: JOACHIM MIKEL R. , KLIETHERMES STEPHANIE A. , HEIDERSCHEIT BRYAN C. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Achilles tendinopathies (AT) are common in runners, but prospective data assessing running mechanics associated with developing AT are limited. Asymmetry in running mechanics is also considered a risk factor for injury, although it is unknown if the problematic mechanics occur on the injured limb only or are present bilaterally.

Purpose
This study aimed to prospectively identify differences in preinjury running biomechanics in collegiate runners who did and did not develop AT and determine if between-limb asymmetries were associated with which limb developed AT.

Methods
Running gait data were obtained preseason on healthy collegiate cross-country runners, and AT incidence was prospectively recorded each year. Spatiotemporal, ground reaction forces, and joint kinematics and kinetics were analyzed. Linear mixed-effects models assessed differences in biomechanics between those who did and did not develop AT during the subsequent year. Generalized linear mixed-effects models determined if the asymmetry direction was associated with which limb developed an AT, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) reported.

Results
Data from 106 runners were analyzed and 15 developed AT. Preinjury biomechanics of runners who developed AT showed less peak knee flexion (noninjured: 45.9° (45.2°–46.6°), injured: 43.2° (41.5°–44.9°), P < 0.001), ankle dorsiflexion (noninjured: 28.7° (28.0°–30.2°), injured: 26.0° (23.8°–28.3°), P = 0.01), and knee extensor moment (noninjured: −2.18 (N·m)·kg−1 (−2.24 to −2.12 (N·m)·kg−1), injured: −2.00 (N·m)·kg−1 (−2.17 to −1.84 (N·m)·kg−1), P = 0.02). The limb demonstrating less peak knee flexion had greater odds of sustaining an AT (OR, 1.29 (1.00–1.65), P = 0.05).

Conclusions
Knee and ankle kinematics, in addition to knee kinetics, were associated with developing an AT. Monitoring these mechanics may be useful for prospectively identifying runners at risk of developing AT.
Does Wrist-Worn Accelerometer Wear Compliance Wane over a Free-Living Assessment Period? An NHANES Analysis
Authors: LAMUNION SAMUEL R. , BRYCHTA ROBERT J. , SAINT-MAURICE PEDRO F. , MATTHEWS CHARLES E. , CHEN KONG Y. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Accelerometers are used to objectively measure physical behaviors in free-living environments, typically for seven consecutive days or more. We examined whether participants experience “wear fatigue,” a decline in wear time day over day, during typical assessment period acquired in a nationally representative sample of 6- to 80-yr-olds in the United States.

Methods
Participants were instructed to wear an ActiGraph GT3X+ on their nondominant wrist continuously for seven consecutive days. Participants with seven complete days of recorded data, regardless of wear status, were included in the analyses (N = 13,649). Wear was scored with the sleep, wake, and nonwear algorithm.

Results
Participants averaged 1248 ± 3.6 min·d−1 (mean ± SE) of wear over the assessment, but wear time linearly decreased from day 1 (1295 ± 3.2 min) to day 7 (1170 ± 5.3 min), resulting in a wear fatigue of −18.1 ± 0.7 min·d−1 (β ± SE). Wear fatigue did not differ by sex but varied by age-group—highest in adolescents (−26.8 ± 2.4 min·d−1) and lowest in older adults (−9.3 ± 0.9 min·d−1). Wear was lower in evening (1800–2359 h) and early morning (0000–0559 h) compared with the middle of the day and on weekend days compared with weekdays. We verified similar wear fatigue (−23.5 ± 0.7 min·d−1) in a separate sample (N = 14,631) with hip-worn devices and different wear scoring. Applying minimum wear criteria of ≥10 h·d−1 for ≥4 d reduced wear fatigue to −5.3 and −18.7 min·d−1 for the wrist and hip, respectively.

Conclusions
Patterns of wear suggest noncompliance may disproportionately affect estimates of sleep and sedentary behavior, particularly for adolescents. Further study is needed to determine the effect of wear fatigue on longer assessments.
Dimensions of challenges in transformation from traditional to integrated modular curriculum - Experiences from Pakistan
Authors: Aziz Sajid , Wajid Gohar , Khan Rehan Ahmed , Zaidi Fatima Zia 
Published: September 2023

Objective: The scarcity of successful implementation of integrated modular curriculum in Pakistan created a lack of evidence-based insight into the process of curriculum transformation. We explored the issue by exploring challenges faced by faculty in implementing integrated modular curriculum.
Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in 2019-2020, data collected from November 2019 to August 2020, at undergraduate medical colleges in Lahore and Rawalpindi, with semi-structured online interviews of well experienced 11 faculty members. Two levels of faculty were sampled; one completed a successful implementation in two medical colleges, and another in transition process. Transcribed interviews were analyzed on Atlas.ti software.
Results: Challenges were identified in five inter-connected dimensions: integrated modular curriculum (IMC) development, implementation, faculty transformation/change, institutional and regulatory body context.
Conclusion: The curricular shift precipitates demoralizing challenges at multiple levels & directions. The identified themes and connections provide the framework for a well-informed curricular shift.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.6730
How to cite this: Aziz S, Wajid G, Khan RA, Zaidi FZ. Dimensions of challenges in transformation from traditional to integrated modular curriculum - Experiences from Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.6730
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Identification of appropriate tools to gauge brain functions in a clinical setup of a developing country: A pilot study
Authors: Zafar Umema , Habib Syed Hamid , Raza Syed Shahmeer 
Published: September 2023

Objective: To identify the most appropriate tools to measure functions of the brain that can be utilized in the clinical setups of developing countries.
Methods: This qualitative research with a three-step approach was carried out from January 2022 to May 2022 at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Pakistan. Firstly, literature was searched to identify main brain faculties, then interviews were conducted with regional field experts to identify appropriate scales for the selected functions. Lastly a rubric was filled using interview transcripts and literature.
Results: The identified functions were vision, hearing, cognition, motor and emotions. Based on the rubric the best tests were visual fields (17/24), pure tone audiometry (16/24), Mini-Mental State Exam (20/24), Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (18/24), Romberg’s test (19/24) and Manual Muscle Testing (18/24).
Conclusion: The clinicians in developing countries can utilize the visual fields, pure tone audiometry, Mini-Mental State Exam, Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, Romberg’s test and Manual Muscle Testing for most efficient, feasible, accurate and cost-effective measurement of brain functions.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7489
How to cite this: Zafar U, Habib SH, Raza SS. Identification of appropriate tools to gauge brain functions in a clinical setup of a developing country: A pilot study. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.6.7489
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF MENTAL STATES TO THE FORMATION OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT AMONG WORKING STUDENTS AND TEACHERS
Authors: Velieva Svetlana V. , Pinyaeva Olga S. , Grigorev Oleg I. , Yarabaeva Natalya Yu. 
Published: September 2023

The tendencies of studying the syndrome of emotional burnout in domestic and foreign studies are revealed. The contribution of the characteristics of communicative professions, the mental states of teachers to the formation of emotional burnout, psychophysical, interpersonal problems, and the impact on the quality of educational results is shown.
The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between the structural components of mental states and subfactors and the integral index of emotional burnout. The objectives of the study included the theoretical study of the problem in modern psychological, pedagogical and medical research; detection of the specificity of the relationship of various aspects of mental states (depression, anxiety, stress, psychological discomfort) with subfactors of the burnout syndrome.
Methods and methodology. Classical methods of research and mathematical and statistical processing of information obtained by testing on the scales DASS-21 S. Lovibond, P. Lovibond, DERS K. L. Gratz, L. Roemer, GNQ-28 D.P. Goldberg, V. Hiller, R. Williams, MBI questionnaire С. Maslach, S. Jackson.
Results. The integral indicator of emotional burnout in most teachers is recorded at medium and high levels. The structure of emotional burnout is dominated by signs of depersonalization and reduction (in novice teachers) and emotional exhaustion (in experienced teachers). Markers have been found that indicate the vulnerability of teachers with different experience in teaching to the formation of the syndrome of emotional burnout and its components. Among them are severe prolonged stress, a decrease in tonic and tension characteristics of mental states, somatic symptoms, and emotional destabilization.
Scope of the results. The results of the study complement the characteristics of the burnout syndrome and the role of mental states in its development. The data can be used in the development of a conceptual apparatus, the selection of intervention strategies, and the preparation of a program of measures to prevent burnout syndrome in an educational organization.
The Specificity of Building a Brand Image of Ski Resorts in Russia and Austria
Authors: Semenova L. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to identifying the features of the formation of brand communications and brand image of ski resorts in Russia and Austria.
Aim. After analyzing current trends in the formation of brand communications and the brand image of ski resorts in Russia and Austria, to identify features and problems in their construction, development drivers. Methodology and methods. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study was chosen marketing, integrative and image-based approaches. The research methods were an analytical review of literature sources and the content of previous studies, participant observation, content analysis, feedback analysis, comparative analysis of geo-branding of Russian and Austrian ski resorts, synthesis, and generalization.
Results. Based on a comparative analysis of the geo-branding of Russian and Austrian ski resorts, features, tools, problems and drivers for the development of brand communications were identified.
Scientific novelty is to identify traditional and modern channels of brand communication and brand image, as well as digital and phygital tools for geo-branding of ski resorts in Russia and Austria.
Practical significance. The results of the study can be useful for improving brand communications and brand image of ski resorts.
Inauguration Discourse of the Russian Federation and the PRC in the Aspect of Modern Pragma-Linguistics
Authors: Bozhenkova N. , Wang Ran 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The authors of the article focus on a comparative analysis of linguistic constructs representing communicative strategies and tactics, the combination of which determines the unique synergistic structure of the inaugural discourse in different language cultures (Russian/Chinese). The relevance of this work is defined by the object of the study itself. The act of inauguration, being a crucial marker in the political culture of society, represents a complex institutional phenomenon. On the one hand, it records the transition and legitimation of state power, and on the other hand, it ensures the generation and acceptance of ideas that manifest the conventional system of values, thereby ensuring the stability of a specific linguocultural space. Through the linguopragmatic analysis of the inaugural speeches of the state leaders of the Russian Federation and China, such as V.V. Putin, D.A. Medvedev, B.N. Yeltsin, Xi Jinping, Hu Jintao, Jiang Zemin (from 1991 to 2023), the authors of the article prove that the invariant goal-setting of the inaugural address determines a strict implementation of genre canons. However, the external symbolic framework of the procedure adheres to nationally significant axiological constants, whereas the ritual intentional message of the inaugural discursive practice is inevitably modified by each leader of the country during the individual speech formulation in accordance with the expectations of the electorate. This leads to linguistic variability both in the inaugural speech and in the inaugural discourse as a whole. The present research is believed to enable the identification of general trends in the development of forms of civil society governance, to examine specific cases of their implementation in a particular linguocultural space, to describe the process of conceptualizing the “key words” of the main agents of political communication, and, as a result, to forecast the development vector of collective and individual consciousness of civil society representatives.
When Should the Off-Grid Sun Shine at Night? Optimum Renewable Generation and Energy Storage Investments
Authors: Kaps Christian , Marinesi Simone , Netessine Serguei 
Published: September 2023

Globally, 1.5 billion people live off the grid, with their only access to electricity often limited to operationally expensive fossil fuel generators. Solar power has risen as a sustainable and less costly option, but its generation is variable during the day and nonexistent at night. Thanks to recent technological advances, which have made large-scale electricity storage economically viable, a combination of solar generation and storage holds the promise of cheaper, greener, and more reliable off-grid power in the future. Still, it is not yet well understood how to jointly determine optimal capacity levels for renewable generation and storage. Our work aims to shed light on this question by developing a model of strategic capacity investment in both renewable generation and storage to match demand with supply in off-grid use cases while relying on fossil fuel as backup. Despite the complexity of the underlying model, we are able to extract two general results. First, we find that solar capacity and storage capacity are strategic complements, except in cases with very high investment in generation capacity, when they surprisingly turn into strategic substitutes with implications for long-term investment decisions. Second, we develop a simple heuristic to determine which storage technology, within a given portfolio, can turn a profit in the broadest set of market conditions and thus, is likely to be adopted first. We find that currently, low-efficiency, cheap technologies, such as thermal, can more easily turn a profit in off-grid applications than high-efficiency, expensive ones, such as lithium-ion batteries. We then develop two newsvendor-like approximations of the general model that are analytically tractable, yield precise values for the optimal investment decisions and profit in some cases, and provide bounds to the optimal investment decisions and profits in all other cases. To conclude, we calibrate our models to measure the accuracy of our solutions utilizing real-life data from three geographically-diverse islands, and then, we use our approximations to provide high-level insights on the role that large-scale storage will play in the years ahead as technology improves, carbon taxes are levied, and solar becomes cheaper. This paper was accepted by Beril Toktay, Special Section of Management Science on Business and Climate Change. Funding: This work was supported by the Mack Institute for Innovation Management at the Wharton School as well as the Kleinman Center for Energy Policy at the University of Pennsylvania. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.04129 .
Delivery service order policy with the sharing economy concept using a discrete event simulation system
Authors: Sihotang Farida Nurmala 
Published: September 2023

People's lifestyle, especially in shopping, has shifted from offline shopping, such as in supermarkets, traditional markets, stalls, and so on, to online shopping. Therefore, online business (e-commerce) has increased, resulting in a surge in the business potential of freight forwarder companies. When there is an increase in demand for the delivery of goods by sellers to consumers, companies need to make adjustments to improve their performance. This paper proposed the sequence of goods delivery services for XYZ companies by considering dynamic requests and conditions that vary discretely over time. This paper is based on a case company in Bandung, Indonesia. The method employed queuing models and discrete event simulations using hypothetical data with performance criteria to minimize the total cost of shipping goods. Simulations are carried out using one courier and one zone to compare customer service determination algorithms, namely first-come, first-served, proximity, and predictive control models. The simulation results show that the proximity algorithm produces a minimum total cost of Rp 1,785,749, the smallest cost compared to using first-come, first-served and predictive control models, respectively IDR 2,782,389, and IDR 2,639,291. Then, the Annova test was conducted, which provided information that one policy differed significantly from another, and a Turkey test was carried out, showing that the proximity algorithm produces better performance than other algorithms. The contribution of this paper is to present that the delivery service employed by the company provided a minimum total cost.
Clinical tips for safe and effective root canal treatment under intravenous sedation with midazolam
Authors: Abed Hassan , Al-Qarni Ali , Patel Shanon , Bakhsh Abdulaziz 
Published: September 2023

Intravenous (IV) sedation with midazolam works as an anxiolytic and muscle relaxant agent and has proved successful in providing safe root canal treatment (RCT) for patients with dental anxiety or special care needs. However, before starting RCT under IV sedation with midazolam, clinicians should consider obtaining a thorough medical history and written, informed consent including any significant or unavoidable risks. A responsible adult escort should also accompany the patient to their appointment. The dental team should also ensure labelling the IV sedation drugs and irrigant solutions, and using a well-sealed rubber dam. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article provides clinical recommendations to help provide safe RCT under IV sedation with midazolam.
Comparison of Biatain Ag and Biatain Alginate Ag dressings on skin graft donor sites: a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Xianchao Ding , Yi Luo , Chang Liu , Zhixin Yan 
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare Biatain Ag and Biatain Alginate Ag (both Coloplast, Denmark) as skin graft donor site dressings. Method: A single-centre, prospective, randomised clinical study was conducted. In patients who had undergone a skin graft operation, adjacent split-thickness skin graft donor sites were dressed with Biatain Ag and Biatain Alginate Ag, respectively. The primary outcomes were time to re-epithelialisation and pain score after the operation. The secondary outcomes were scar scores of the donor site after the operation, haematoma rates, infection rates, and exudation rates before wound healing. Results were compared using the Wilcoxon test and the Chi-squared test. Results: A total of 16 paired wounds in 16 patients were studied. The donor sites dressed with Biatain Ag needed more time for >90% re-epithelialisation than those dressed with Biatain Alginate Ag. On day 3 postoperatively, the pain scores with Biatain Ag were significantly less severe than those with Biatain Alginate Ag. On days 6, 9 and 12, the pain scores of both dressings did not differ significantly. The scar scores of the donor site dressed with Biatain Ag were significantly worse than those dressed with Biatain Alginate Ag at 6 months. With respect to infection rates, no significant differences were detected between these two groups. However, the exudation rates of the donor site dressed with Biatain Ag were significantly lower than those dressed with Biatain Alginate Ag. Conclusion: As skin graft donor site dressings, both Biatain Ag and Biatain Alginate Ag have advantages.
Research on piston error sensing for segmented mirrors under atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Wang Bin , Jin Zhenyu , Dai Yichun , Yang DeHua , Xu FangYu 
Published: September 2023

Large aperture ground-based segmented telescopes typically use electrical edge sensors to detect co-phase errors. However, complex observing environments can lead to zero-point drift of the edge sensors, making it challenging to maintain the long-term co-phase of the segmented primary mirror using only edge sensors. Therefore, employing optical piston error detection methods for short-term calibration of edge sensors can address the issue of zero-point drift in the sensors. However, atmospheric turbulence can affect calibration accuracy based on the observational target. To achieve high-precision calibration of electrical edge sensors, this study investigates the impact of atmospheric turbulence on optical piston error detection. Based on simulated results, it is found that the actual measured piston error in the presence of atmospheric turbulence is the difference between the average phases of the two segments. Subsequently, optical piston error detection experiments were conducted in a segmented mirror system under simulated turbulent conditions with varying turbulence intensities. Experimental studies have shown that the detection accuracy of the optical method is almost the same as without turbulence when using a detection aperture size that is 0.82 times the atmospheric coherence length and an exposure time of at least 40 ms. The root mean square of the cross-calibration is better than 3 nm. These experimental results indicate that under conditions of good atmospheric seeing, the optical piston error detection method can meet the short-term calibration requirements of edge sensors by setting reasonable detection area size and exposure time. It may even be possible to directly use optical detection methods to replace edge sensors for real-time detection of piston errors.