bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi-periodic scattering of topological edge states induced by the vacancies in chloridized gallium bismuthide nanoribbons
Authors: Li Hangyu , Li Zhongyao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The chloridized gallium bismuthide was predicted to be a two-dimensional topological insulator with large topological band gap. It may be beneficial for achieving the quantum spin Hall effect and its related applications at high temperatures. To better understand the quantum transport in topological nanoribbons, we investigated the effect of vacancy on the quantum transport of topological edge states in the armchair chloridized gallium bismuthide nanoribbons by combining density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function. The results suggest the vacancies at center are more likely to cause the scattering of topological edge states. The average scattering is insensitive to the enlargement of vacancy along the transport direction. More interestingly, the obvious scattering of topological edge states can only be found at some special energies, and these special energies are distributed quasi-periodically. The quasi-periodic scattering may be used as a kind of fingerprint of vacancies. Our studies may be helpful for the application of topological nanoribbons.
Bivariate polynomial for time-dependent dielectric properties of ex-vivo porcine and human liver tissue at frequencies below 100 MHz
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Jianbo , Ji Zhenyu , Dong Xiuzhen , Shi Xuetao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Time-dependent dielectric properties of ex vivo tissue are important for biological viability assessment, successful organ transplantation and finding the optimal substitute for the in vivo tissue. However, there are relatively few studies on the time dependence of dielectric properties and especially the mathematical models related to it. This study mathematically describes the time-dependent dielectric properties of excised liver tissues at frequencies below 100 MHz. A bivariate high-order polynomial was used to reflect the mathematical correlation of dielectric properties (relative permittivity

ε

and conductivity

σ

) with frequency and ex vivo time under controlled temperature and humidity. Statistical analysis, cross validation and error analysis were used to assess the fitting performance and prediction ability of the bivariate high-order polynomial fitting model. The results showed that the dielectric properties of excised porcine liver tissues and human liver tissues could be well fitted and predicted by the bivariate high-order polynomial fitting model at frequencies below 100 MHz. Encouragingly, the dielectric properties can be calculated at a given frequency and ex vivo time at controlled temperature and humidity. This presents a new way of obtaining accurate dielectric properties of ex vivo biological tissues in a specific outer environment. It is also possible to extrapolate back the ex vivo time after excision from the body using the dielectric properties.
Non-perturbative analysis for a massless minimal quantum scalar with V(ϕ) = λϕ
4/4! + βϕ
3/3! in the inflationary de Sitter spacetime
Authors: Bhattacharya Sourav , Joshi Nitin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We consider a massless, minimally coupled quantum scalar field theory with an asymmetric self interaction, V(ϕ) = λϕ
4/4! + βϕ
3/3! (λ > 0) in the inflationary de Sitter spacetime. The potential is bounded from below. While the β=0 case has been much well studied, the motivation behind taking such a hybrid potential corresponds to the fact that it might generate finite negative vacuum expectation values of V(ϕ) as well of ϕ, leading to some dynamical screening of the inflationary cosmological constant Λ, at late times, with the initial conditions, 〈ϕ〉 = 0 = 〈V(ϕ)〉. In this work we first compute the vacuum expectation values of ϕ, ϕ
2 and V(ϕ), using the late time, non-perturbative and infrared effective stochastic formalism. The backreactions to the inflationary Λ are estimated. We also compute the dynamically generated mass of the scalar field using 〈ϕ
2〉. We next compute 〈ϕ
2〉 using quantum field theory with respect to the initial Bunch-Davies vacuum at one and two loops, using the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. These results show non-perturbative secular logarithms, growing with the cosmological time. Using next a recently proposed renormalisation group inspired formalism, we attempt to find out a resummed 〈ϕ
2〉. We have been able to resum some part of the same which contains contributions only from the local self energy. The corresponding dynamically generated mass is computed. Comparison of the stochastic and the quantum field theory results shows that they differ numerically, although they have similar qualitative behaviour. Possible reasons for such quantitative mismatch is discussed. The manifestation of strong non-classical effects in the results found via both the formalisms has been emphasised.
In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic potential of Ficus palmata and its combination with chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Aziz Bushra , Khurshid Ahmat , Ahmat Lubna , Khan Junaid Ahmad , Alam Masroor , Ikram Masroor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Ficus palmata (F. palmata) is a medicinally very rich plant that is used as a folk medicine to treat many diseases. This study investigated the anticancer effect of 70% ethanolic leaves extract of F. palmata alone and its combinational study with photosense-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox-HCl) on rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells. The inhibitory dose (IC50) was calculated from dose response analysis of 24 h post exposure of F. palmata (400, 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 µg ml−1), Dox-HCl (4, 3, 2, 1 µM), and photosense (80, 40, 20, 10, 5 µM, 10 J cm−2) mediated PDT. These IC50 doses were further used to assess the anticancer effect of F. palmata in combination with photosense-mediated PDT and Dox-HCl. The in vitro findings showed that the 70% ethanolic F. palmata leaves extract has anticancer potential, and has the ability to enhance the anticancer effect in combination with other therapies. Moreover, the neoadjuvent combination of F. palmata with PDT and chemotherapy has a synergistic effect. This study provides evidence that F. palmate leaves extract possesses promising anticancer activity, and more research is needed to isolate the specific bioactive compound for cancer treatment.
Phylogenomics and morphological evolution of the mega-diverse genus Artemisia (Asteraceae: Anthemideae): implications for its circumscription and infrageneric taxonomy
Authors: Jiao Bohan , Chen Chen , Wei Meng , Niu Guohao , Zheng Jiye , Zhang Guojin , Shen Jiahao , Vitales Daniel , Vallès Joan , Verloove Filip , Erst Andrey S , Soejima Akiko , Mehregan Iraj , Kokubugata Goro , Chung Gyu-Young , Ge Xuejun , Gao Lianming , Yuan Yuan , Joly Cyprien , Jabbour Florian , Wang Wei , Shultz Leila M , Gao Tiangang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Artemisia is a mega-diverse genus consisting of ~400 species. Despite its medicinal importance and ecological significance, a well-resolved phylogeny for global Artemisia, a natural generic delimitation and infrageneric taxonomy remain missing, owing to the obstructions from limited taxon sampling and insufficient information on DNA markers. Its morphological characters, such as capitulum, life form and leaf, show marked variations and are widely used in its infrageneric taxonomy. However, their evolution within Artemisia is poorly understood. Here, we aimed to reconstruct a well-resolved phylogeny for global Artemisia via a phylogenomic approach, to infer the evolutionary patterns of its key morphological characters and to update its circumscription and infrageneric taxonomy.

Methods
We sampled 228 species (258 samples) of Artemisia and its allies from both fresh and herbarium collections, covering all the subgenera and its main geographical areas, and conducted a phylogenomic analysis based on nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained from genome skimming data. Based on the phylogenetic framework, we inferred the possible evolutionary patterns of six key morphological characters widely used in its previous taxonomy.

Key Results
The genus Kaschgaria was revealed to be nested in Artemisia with strong support. A well-resolved phylogeny of Artemisia consisting of eight highly supported clades was recovered, two of which were identified for the first time. Most of the previously recognized subgenera were not supported as monophyletic. Evolutionary inferences based on the six morphological characters showed that different states of these characters originated independently more than once.

Conclusions
The circumscription of Artemisia is enlarged to include the genus Kaschgaria. The morphological characters traditionally used for the infrageneric taxonomy of Artemisia do not match the new phylogenetic tree. They experienced a more complex evolutionary history than previously thought. We propose a revised infrageneric taxonomy of the newly circumscribed Artemisia, with eight recognized subgenera to accommodate the new results.
The farther, the closer: geographic proximity and niche overlap versus genetic divergence in Caucasian rock lizards
Authors: Tarkhnishvili David , Iankoshvili Giorgi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Caucasian rock lizards (Darevskia) are a speciose group with 42 described species from the Caucasus Mountain region. We selected 11 species from Georgia and adjacent territories to explore whether their distribution depends on the distribution of congeneric taxa. We estimated two measures for each species pair: (1) niche overlap between all pairs of the studied species; (2) the extent of contact between the ranges of individual species. We then calculated the correlation between these measurements and the time of divergence between the species. The results showed that in sympatric and parapatric (but not allopatric) species, there is a highly significant correlation between the divergence time and the extent of the contact, as well as between the divergence time and the overlap of suitable habitats. The ranges of the evolutionarily closest species have the smallest extent of contact. Species separated later have overlapping ranges, although are separated by altitude. The most distant species, irrespective of their phenotype, are commonly found in the same location. We suggest that a gradual increase in the contact extent is compensated for by increasing the effectiveness of other mechanisms of niche shift or behavioural isolation and hence the frequency of potentially deleterious interspecific contacts is kept low.
Contingent negative variation to tactile stimuli - differences in anticipatory and preparatory processes between participants with and without blindness
Authors: Breitinger Eva , Dundon Neil M , Pokorny Lena , Wunram Heidrun L , Roessner Veit , Bender Stephan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
People who are blind demonstrate remarkable abilities within the spared senses and compensatory enhancement of cognitive skills, underscored by substantial plastic reorganization in relevant neural areas. However, little is known about whether people with blindness form top-down models of the world on short timescales more efficiently to guide goal-oriented behavior. This electroencephalography study investigates this hypothesis at the neurophysiological level, focusing on contingent negative variation (CNV) as a marker of anticipatory and preparatory processes prior to expected events. In sum, 20 participants with blindness and 27 sighted participants completed a classic CNV task and a memory CNV task, both containing tactile stimuli to exploit the expertise of the former group. Although the reaction times in the classic CNV task did not differ between groups, participants who are blind reached higher performance rates in the memory task. This superior performance co-occurred with a distinct neurophysiological profile, relative to controls: greater late CNV amplitudes over central areas, suggesting enhanced stimulus expectancy and motor preparation prior to key events. Controls, in contrast, recruited more frontal sites, consistent with inefficient sensory-aligned control. We conclude that in more demanding cognitive contexts exploiting the spared senses, people with blindness efficiently generate task-relevant internal models to facilitate behavior.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Convalescent Plasma Utilization in the United States: Data From the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Bloch Evan M , Goel Ruchika , Zhu Xianming , Patel Eshan U , Shoham Shmuel , Sullivan David J , Gebo Kelly A , Casadevall Arturo , Tobian Aaron A R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent plasma (CCP) use between October and December 2020 was characterized using the National Inpatient Sample database. CCP was administered in 18.0% of COVID-19-associated hospitalizations and was strongly associated with older age and increased disease severity. There were disparities in the receipt of CCP by race and ethnicity, geography, and insurance.
A lectin from Crenomytilus grayanus as a probe for the detection of widespread cancerous and metastatic cells
Authors: Jhou Yan-Fen , Yang Feng-Ling , Liao Kuo-Shiang , Wu Chung-Yi , Lee I-Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel Gal-binding lectin from mussels (Crenomytilus grayanus, CGL) with 6 binding sites in the dimeric structure has been previously shown to have antifungal, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. In this study, a glycan array was used to confirm that CGL recognizes a range of non-reducing end α- or β-linked Gal glycans on normal cells but not sialic acid-capped glycans. This finding suggests that CGL has potential in the tumor detection due to the hyper-sialylation present in cell surface glycans from cancer cells. To evaluate the feasibility of this possibility, we labeled CGL with biotin and then mixed it with streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to create a CGL-biotin-SP complex as a probe for use in enzyme-linked lectin assays. CGL-biotin-SP successfully distinguished not only HeLa cells and de-sialylated HeLa cells that mimic normal cell surface glycans but also lung and breast cancer cells with different metastatic abilities. This work provides the insights into a new Gal-binding lectin by establishing its specificity and also demonstrates practical applications in cancer diagnosis greater than other reported lectins.
Dissecting the effect of soil on plant phenology and berry transcriptional plasticity in two Italian grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera L.).
Authors: Vannozzi Alessandro , Perin Corrado , Palumbo Fabio , Sandri Marco , Zuccolotto Paola , Zenoni Sara , Farinati Silvia , Barcaccia Gianni , Pindo Massimo , Sonego Paolo , Cestaro Alessandro , Lucchin Margherita 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Grapevine embodies a fascinating species as regards phenotypic plasticity and genotype-per-environment interactions. The terroir, namely the set of agri-environmental factors to which a variety is subjected, can influence the phenotype at the physiological, molecular, and biochemical level, representing an important phenomenon connected to the typicality of productions. We investigated the determinants of plasticity by conducting a field-experiment where all terroir variables, except soil, were kept as constant as possible. We isolated the effect of soils collected from different areas, on phenology, physiology, and transcriptional responses of skin and flesh of a red and a white variety of great economic value: Corvina and Glera. Molecular results, together with physio-phenological parameters, suggest a specific effect of soil on grapevine plastic response, highlighting a higher transcriptional plasticity of Glera in respect to Corvina and a marked response of skin compared to flesh. Using a novel statistical approach, we identified clusters of plastic genes subjected to the specific influence of soil. These findings could represent an issue of applicative value, posing the basis for targeted agricultural practices to enhance the desired characteristics for any soil/cultivar combination, to improve vineyards management for a better resource usage and to valorize vineyards uniqueness maximizing the terroir-effect.
Differential N-players game: Nash equilibria and Mather measures
Authors: Mendico Cristian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study Nash equilibria for the deterministic ergodic N-players game. We introduce pure strategies, mixed strategies and Nash equilibria associated with those. We show that a Nash equilibrium in mixed strategies exists and it is a Mather measure for the Lagrangian system defined by the cost functional. In conclusion, we show that the mean field limit of the N-players game is described by the ergodic partial differential equation’s system for a continuum of players.
Two-dimensional complex wavelet transform for linear noise attenuation and image decomposition
Authors: Teng Houhua , Jiao Junru , Shang Xinmin , Wang Yanguang , Zhao Shengtian , Yan Grace (Yan) , Yang Bin , Zhu Xianhuai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For developing a high-fidelity, high-resolution seismic denoising method, we use the two-dimensional complex wavelet transform (2D CWT) to analyze noise and signals. By investigating a surface wave's features and evaluating factors affecting the fidelity of the method, the best practice for the wavelet transform-based denoising has been established. First, static and normal moveout correction are applied on shot gathers. Then, 2D CWT is used to attenuate linear noises. The results demonstrate that the proposed method and practice significantly attenuate noises and preserve the signal's amplitudes and frequency band. In addition to denoising, we also apply the 2D CWT to decompose a seismic image into multiscale images with different resolutions. Multiscale decomposed images derive more detailed information for subsurface structures and fault networks. The decomposed images depict sharper structures and reveal detailed features of faults more significantly than the original images.
Diagnosing and treating epiploic appendagitis: a review of two cases
Authors: Idrissi Mehdi B , Akammar Amal 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTEpiploic appendagitis (EA) is a rare condition caused by the infarction of the epiploic appendages, small outpouches of adipose tissue found on the outer surface of the bowel wall. EA results in inflammation and is often mistaken for other gastrointestinal disorders, such as diverticulitis or appendicitis. Diagnosis is primarily made through computed tomography scans, with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging used less often. Treatment initially involves analgesia with or without anti-inflammatory medication. However, surgery in the form of laparoscopic appendage removal may be required if symptoms persist or worsen. In total, 2 cases of EA are presented, one mimicking appendicitis and the other sigmoid diverticulitis. The purpose of the presentation is to increase awareness of EA as a cause of abdominal pain and to avoid unnecessary surgery.
Unexpected finding of arc of Buhler with celiac artery stenosis during workup for a suspected pancreatic lesion
Authors: Padar Maria , Rieseberg Amie , Ratnayake Sujith 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKnowledge about normal and pathological anatomical variants is a key point for all surgeons to perform safe procedures and manage unexpected findings. One example of this is vascular anomalies involving the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries (CA and SMA) and their anastomoses. During a routine workup of a suspected calcified pancreatic lesion, an asymptomatic arc of Buhler was found, connecting the CA and SMA, with 90% stenosis of the celiac trunk. This embryological variant, despite being a rare occurrence, has significance in various surgical procedures, including pancreatoduodenectomy, liver transplantation and interventional radiological procedures, such as gastroduodenal artery ligation and embolisation.
Constraining the shape of dark matter haloes with globular clusters and diffuse stellar light in the E-MOSAICS simulations
Authors: Reina-Campos Marta , Trujillo-Gomez Sebastian , Pfeffer Joel L , Sills Alison , Deason Alis J , Crain Robert A , Kruijssen J M Diederik 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe explore how diffuse stellar light and globular clusters (GCs) can be used to trace the matter distribution of their host halo using an observational methodology. For this, we use 117 simulated dark matter (DM) haloes from the $(34.4~\rm cMpc)^3$ periodic volume of the E-MOSAICS project. For each halo, we compare the stellar surface brightness and GC projected number density maps to the surface density of DM. We find that the dominant structures identified in the stellar light and GCs correspond closely with those from the DM. Our method is unaffected by the presence of satellites and its precision improves with fainter GC samples. We recover tight relations between the dimensionless profiles of stellar-to-DM surface density and GC-to-DM surface density, suggesting that the profile of DM can be accurately recovered from the stars and GCs (σ ≤ 0.5 dex). We quantify the projected morphology of DM, stars, and GCs and find that the stars and GCs are more flattened than the DM. Additionally, the semimajor axes of the distribution of stars and GCs are typically misaligned by ∼10 degrees from that of DM. We demonstrate that deep imaging of diffuse stellar light and GCs can place constraints on the shape, profile, and orientation of their host halo. These results extend down to haloes with central galaxies M⋆ ≥ 1010 M⊙, and the analysis will be applicable to future data from the Euclid, Roman, and the Rubin observatories
Classifying a frequently repeating fast radio burst, FRB 20201124A, with unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Chen Bo Han , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Goto Tomotsugu , Raquel Bjorn Jasper R , Uno Yuri , Kim Seong Jin , Hsiao Tiger Y-Y , Ho Simon C-C 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTFast radio bursts (FRBs) are astronomical transients with millisecond time-scales. Although most of the FRBs are not observed to repeat, a few of them are detected to repeat more than hundreds of times. There exist a large variety of physical properties among these bursts, suggesting heterogeneous mechanisms of FRBs. In this paper, we conduct a categorization on the extremely frequently repeating FRB 20201124A with the assistance of machine learning, as such techniques have the potential to use subtle differences and correlations that humans are unaware of to better classify bursts. The research is carried out by applying the unsupervised Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (umap) model on the FRB 20201124A data provided by Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. The algorithm eventually categorizes the bursts into three clusters. In addition to the two categories in previous work based on waiting time, a new way for categorization has been found. The three clusters are either high energy, high frequency, or low frequency, reflecting the distribution of FRB energy and frequency. Importantly, a similar machine learning result is found in another frequently repeating FRB 20121102A, implying a common mechanism among this kind of FRB. This work is one of the first steps towards the systematical categorization of the extremely frequently repeating FRBs.