bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Protonated Cytidine Stabilizes the Ligand‐Binding Pocket in the PreQ1 Riboswitch in Thermophilic Bacteria
Authors: Rückriegel Stefanie , Hohmann Katharina F. , Fürtig Boris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRiboswitches are bacterial mRNA structure elements regulating either transcription or translation of downstream genes in response to high‐affinity binding of a low molecular weight ligand. Among this diverse group of RNA structures, the class‐I preQ1 sensing riboswitches (QSW) stand out since they are the smallest known natural riboswitches. The preQ1 sensing riboswitches combine ligand sensing and functional control within a single structural domain that adopts a pseudoknot conformation encapsulating both the cognate ligand and the ribosome binding site. preQ1 sensing riboswitches also occur in thermophilic bacteria. In these cases, their tertiary structures have to be stable even at temperatures above 60 °C to be functional at the organism's optimal growth temperatures. Despite the available high‐resolution structures of these riboswitches, it is not yet understood which tertiary interactions are primarily responsible for their exceptional temperature stability. Here, we show that an intricate three‐dimensional network of non‐canonical interactions involving various non‐neighboring nucleobases is the origin of the riboswitch's thermostability. An essential part of this network is a so far undetected stably protonated cytidine. It is characterized by an exceptional high pKA value of >9.7 and could be unambiguously identified through the application of modern heteronuclear detected NMR experiments. Thus, the presence or absence of a single proton can modulate the formation of an RNA tertiary structure and ligand binding capacity under extreme environmental conditions.
Coexistence of mucinous nevus and multiple collagenoma with unilateral, dermatomal, and multi segmental distribution
Authors: Faghihi Gita , Moeine Reza , Mohaghegh Fatemeh , Rajabi Parvin , Shahriarirad Reza 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageConnective tissue nevus is a hamartoma composed of excess amounts of one or several components of the dermis, such as collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. This report introduces a 14‐year‐old girl with grouped flesh color papules and skin color nodules distributed unilaterally with a dermatomal pattern. These lesions involved more than one segment. Histopathology is the gold standard for diagnosing collagenoma and mucinous nevus. We reported the first case of mucinous nevus with multiple collagenoma that shows the specific clinical features.
Foot and ankle tuberculosis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Nogdallah Sami , Mustafa M. Elghazali Abuelgassim E. , Khairy Alaa Mohamed , Fatooh Montaser , Abd‐Elmaged Hozaifa Mohammed Ali 
Published: June 2023

Key clinical messageIt is important to consider foot and ankle tuberculosis (TB) as a potential cause of cystic lesion around the ankle, especially in patients with a history of TB. Early diagnosis and treatment with a rifampin‐based regimen for a duration of 12 months can lead to good functional and clinical outcomes.AbstractSkeletal TB is an uncommon accounting for 10% of extra‐pulmonary TB may present slowly over an extended period of time, making a diagnosis difficult and time‐consuming (Microbiology Spectr. 2017;5:5). For the best possible outcome and to reduce the risk of deformity diagnosis must be early (Foot (Edinb). 2018;37:105). For the treatment of drug‐susceptible musculoskeletal illness, a rifampin‐based regimen lasting 12 months is advised (Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:e147; J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1993;75:240; Tubercle. 1986;67:243). A 33‐year‐old female who are working as nurse with diffuse, persistent and low in intensity ankle pain not aggravated relieved by analgesia and swelling over a period of 2 months, static not related to activity. With past medical history of partially treated pulmonary TB 1 year ago. She reported night sweats and low‐grade fever during this period, and she denied any history of trauma. The right ankle was globally swollen and tender anteriorly and on the lateral malleolus. The skin over the ankle showed dark discoloration with cautery marks with no discharging sinuses. The range of motion of the right ankle was decreased. The plain x‐ray of the right ankle showed three cystic lesion at the distal tibia, one cyst at the lateral malleolus and another one at the calcaneum. Surgical biopsy and expert gene test confirmed the diagnosis of tuberculous osteomyelitis. The patient was planned for surgical curettage of the lesion. After the confirmation of the diagnosis of TB with the biopsy and gene expert test, with consultation of senior chest physician the patient fitted to anti‐tuberculous regimen. The patient had good functional and clinical outcome. This case report highlights the importance of considering skeletal TB as a potential cause of musculoskeletal symptoms, especially in patients with a history of TB. Early diagnosis and treatment with a rifampin‐based regimen for a duration of 12 months can lead to good functional and clinical outcomes. Further research on the management and prevention of musculoskeletal TB is warranted to improve patient outcomes. The lesson behind this case is that the diagnosis TB osteomyelitis should be on the top of differential diagnosis of multiple cystic lesions around the foot and ankle especially in area where TB is endemic. Early diagnosis and early start of anti‐tuberculous therapy can lead to full cure of the patient and in bad situation can minimize the complications.
A case report of a pregnant woman with compensated liver cirrhosis and pancytopenia
Authors: S. S Sreenisha , Bako Abdulmalik , Yaqoub Salwa Abo , Din Feazlin Mohd 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageLiver cirrhosis may worsen during pregnancy resulting in adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Proper antenatal evaluation, staging, and variceal screening will facilitate the management. Elective endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) during the second trimester can prevent unexpected variceal bleeding. A multidisciplinary approach including the planning of delivery and shared decision‐making is recommended for favorable pregnancy outcomes.AbstractPregnancy in women with liver cirrhosis is relatively uncommon. During pregnancy, liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension may worsen significantly, placing both the mother and fetus at an increased risk of serious morbidity and life‐threatening events. With the use of a wide variety of diagnostic tools and considerably improved treatment strategies, many women with liver disease in pregnancies are being diagnosed with significantly improved obstetric outcomes. We present a case of a 33‐year‐old lady with a previous medical history of cryptogenic chronic liver disease and schistosomiasis associated with periportal fibrosis, portal hypertension, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. The mother presented to our tertiary care center at 18 weeks of gestation. She had EVL twice during the second trimester. With multidisciplinary care and follow‐up, she labored spontaneously and was discharged home on third postnatal day.
Complete form of pachydermoperiostosis with good initial response to etoricoxib: A case report
Authors: Baniya Abinash , Bhattarai Ayam , Devkota Bibek , Khatiwada Saurav , Kafle Pramod Kumar , Phuyal Achyut Krishna , Shahi Manoj 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessagePachydermoperiostosis is a rare genetic disorder that closely resembles acromegaly. Diagnosis is usually based on distinct clinical and radiological features. Oral etoricoxib therapy showed a good initial response in our patient.AbstractPachydermoperiostosis (PDP) is a rare genetic disorder with unclear etiopathogenesis. We report a case of a 38‐year‐old male who presented with classic features of PDP. Our patient showed a good initial response to etoricoxib therapy but the safety and efficacy over long‐term use are yet to be determined in further studies.
Endoscopic drainage with a metallic stent for obstructive jaundice caused by bile duct metastasis of breast cancer: A case report
Authors: Yoshida Kenta , Yokoyama Masaki , Hirao Yoshinori , Sato Yuki , Saito Taro , Soma Yasushi , Mizukami Hiroki , Fukuda Shisaku , Sakuraba Hirotake 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageBile duct metastasis of breast cancer is rare. It often causes obstructive jaundice which makes the patient interrupt state of treatment. Endoscopic drainage for obstructive jaundice is effective and less invasive treatment option also in this case.AbstractA 66‐year‐old breast ductal carcinoma patient developed obstructive jaundice, presenting with epigastric discomfort and dark‐colored urine. Computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed bile duct stenosis. Brushing cytology and tissue biopsy confirmed bile duct metastasis, a self‐expandable metallic stent was placed/replaced endoscopically, and chemotherapy was continued, extending the patient's life.
Oral myiasis: A known case of scar epilepsy in a 45‐year‐old
Authors: Monawwer Syed Abdullah , Ali Sajjad , Ali Syeda Laibah , Malikzai Abdullah 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageOral myiasis (OM) is brought on by parasitic larvae that consume both living and dead tissue. Our study aims to present the possible circumstances under which people suffer from this deteriorating condition in juxtaposition to scar epilepsy.AbstractA uncommon disease known as oral myiasis (OM) is brought on by parasitic larvae that consume both living and dead tissue. OM cases in humans are scarce, although most of those reported come from developing nations or tropical regions. This case report describes a rare larvae infestation in the oral cavity of a 45‐year‐old woman who had previously undergone a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt procedure, convulsions, and fever. The patient presented with episodic grand‐mal seizures accompanied by fever for 2 days. She is a known case of scar epilepsy and underwent VP shunting due to hydrocephalus post‐meningoencephalitis 16 years ago. The patient subsequently underwent symptomatic treatment and was later diagnosed with OM during her management. Histopathology of the biopsy following wound debridement revealed invasive fungal growth causing necrosis and erosion of the buccal mucosa and palate with no evidence of malignancy. The presentation of OM is an infrequent and exclusively rare entity. Our study aims to present the possible circumstances under which people suffer from this deteriorating condition in juxtaposition to scar epilepsy. This case report highlights the significance of prompt medicinal intervention and debridement coupled with preventative measures undertaken for a better prognosis and longevity.
Regulation of Rate‐Determining Step on (RhxNi1‐x)2P for Enhanced Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Jin Yiming , Gong Dan , Luo Jiarui , Su Lixin , Men Yana , Cai Ping , Hu Kai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of cost‐efficient Pt‐group metals (PGM)‐based electrocatalysts with low noble metal loading for alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) remains challenging for practical applications of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Here we successfully synthesized a series of (RhxNi1−x)2P catalysts with satisfying HOR performance in alkaline media. Especially, (Rh0.3Ni0.7)2P−C exhibits an excellent mass activity of 1.274 mA μgPGM−1, 7‐times higher than that of Rh−C. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results indicate that benefiting from the synergistic effect of Rh sites with Ni2P, the hydroxyl binding energy (OHBE) is enhanced on the optimized P sites of (RhxNi1−x )2P, which, together with the accelerated water desorption behavior derived from the downshifted d‐band center of Rh sites in (RhxNi1−x )2P, contributes to speeding up the water formation step and thus resulting in the translation of rate‐determining step, as well as the enhanced alkaline HOR performance.
Mott‐Schottky MXene@WS2 Heterostructure: Structural and Thermodynamic Insights and Application in Ultra Stable Lithium−Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Anmin , Qiao Shaoming , Zhang Qiang , Huang Chunhong , Lei Da , Shi Xiaoshan , He Gaohong , Zhang Fengxiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the “shuttle effect” and low conversion kinetics of polysulfides, the cycle stability of lithium sulfur (Li−S) battery is unsatisfactory, which hinders its practical application. The Mott‐Schottky heterostructures for Li−S batteries not only provide more catalytic/adsorption active sites, but also facilitate electrons transport by a built‐in electric field, which are both beneficial for polysulfides conversion and long‐term cycle stability. Here, MXene@WS2 heterostructure was constructed by in‐situ hydrothermal growth for separator modification. In‐depth ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis reveals that there is an energy band difference between MXene and WS2, confirming the heterostructure nature of MXene@WS2. DFT calculations indicate that the Mott‐Schottky MXene@WS2 heterostructure can effectively promote electron transfer, improve the multi‐step cathodic reaction kinetics, and further enhance polysulfides conversion. The built‐in electric field of the heterostructure plays an important role in reducing the energy barrier of polysulfides conversion. Thermodynamic studies reveal the best stability of MXene@WS2 during polysulfides adsorption. As a result, the Li−S battery with MXene@WS2 modified separator exhibits high specific capacity (1613.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C) and excellent cycling stability (2000 cycles with 0.0286 % decay per cycle at 2 C). Even at a high sulfur loading of 6.3 mg cm−2, the specific capacity could be retained by 60.0 % after 240 cycles at 0.3 C. This work provides deep structural and thermodynamic insights into MXene@WS2 heterostructure and its promising prospect of application in high performance Li−S batteries.
Thermal mismatches explain consumer–resource dynamics in response to environmental warming
Authors: Álvarez‐Codesal Soraya , Faillace Cara A. , Garreau Alexandre , Bestion Elvire , Synodinos Alexis D. , Montoya José M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChanging temperatures will impact food webs in ways we yet to fully understand. The thermal sensitivities of various physiological and ecological processes differ across organisms and study systems, hindering the generation of accurate predictions. One step towards improving this picture is to acquire a mechanistic understanding of how temperature change impacts trophic interactions before we can scale these insights up to food webs and ecosystems. Here, we implement a mechanistic approach centered on the thermal sensitivity of energetic balances in pairwise consumer–resource interactions, measuring the thermal dependence of energetic gain and loss for two resource and one consumer freshwater species. Quantifying the balance between energy gain and loss, we determined the temperature ranges where the balance decreased for each species in isolation (intraspecific thermal mismatch) and where a mismatch in the balance between consumer and resource species emerged (interspecific thermal mismatch). The latter reveals the temperatures for which consumer and resource energetic balances respond either differently or in the same way, which in turn informs us of the strength of top‐down control. We found that warming improved the energetic balance for both resources, but reduces it for the consumer, due to the stronger thermal sensitivity of respiration compared to ingestion. The interspecific thermal mismatch yielded different patterns between the two consumer–resource pairs. In one case, the consumer–resource energetic balance became weaker throughout the temperature gradient, and in the other case it produced a U‐shaped response. By also measuring interaction strength for these interaction pairs, we demonstrated the correspondence of interspecific thermal mismatches and interaction strength. Our approach accounts for the energetic traits of both consumer and resource species, which combined produce a good indication of the thermal sensitivity of interaction strength. Thus, this novel approach links thermal ecology with parameters typically explored in food‐web studies.
Predicted impact of atrial flow regulator on survival in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Lauder Lucas , Bergmann Martin W. , Paitazoglou Christina , Özdemir Ramazan , Iliadis Christos , Bartunek Jozef , Lauten Alexander , Keller Thomas , Weber Stephan , Sievert Horst , Anker Stefan D. , Mahfoud Felix 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsWe aim to assess the theoretical impact of the atrial flow regulator (AFR) on survival in heart failure.Methods and resultsThe prospective, multicentre, open‐label, non‐randomised PRELIEVE study (NCT 03030274) assessed the safety and efficacy of the Occlutech AFR device in patients with symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 15% and <40%) or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (LVEF ≥40% and <70%) and elevated PCWP (≥15 mmHg at rest or ≥25 mmHg during exercise). In this analysis, after the first 60 patients completed 12 months of follow‐up, the theoretical impact of AFR implantation on survival was assessed by comparing the observed mortality rate with the median predicted probability for one‐year mortality. Each subject's risk of mortality was predicted from individual baseline data using the Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic HF (MAGGIC) prognostic model. A total of 87 patients (46% female, median age 69 years [IQR 62–74]) had undergone successful device implantation for the treatment of HFrEF (53%) and HFpEF (47%). Sixty patients had a complete 12 month follow‐up. The median follow‐up was 351 days (interquartile range [IQR] 202–370). Six (7%) patients died during follow‐up (8.6 deaths per 100 patient‐years; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.7 to 15.5), all of which had HFrEF. The median predicted mortality rate for the overall study population was 12.2 deaths per 100 patient‐years (95% CI 10.2 to 14.7). While the observed mortality rate (0 deaths per 100 patient‐years) was significantly lower than the median predicted mortality rate (9.3 deaths per 100 patient‐years; 95% CI 8.4 to 11.1) in patients with HFpEF (−9.3 deaths per 100 patient‐years; 95% CI −11.1 to −8.4), there was no difference in patients with HFrEF (−3.6 deaths per 100 patient‐years; 95% CI −9.5 to 3.0). Four deaths were HF‐related deaths (5.7 HF‐related deaths per 100 patient‐years; 95% CI 1.4 to 11.9; 10.8 HF‐related deaths per 100 patient‐years; 95% CI 2.5 to 23.1 in the HFrEF subgroup).ConclusionsIn patients with HFpEF, the mortality rate following AFR implantation was lower than the predicted mortality rate. Dedicated randomised, controlled trials are needed – and currently ongoing – to investigate whether the AFR improves mortality.
High‐performance piezoelectric yarns for artificial intelligence‐enabled wearable sensing and classification
Authors: Kim Dabin , Yang Ziyue , Cho Jaewon , Park Donggeun , Kim Dong Hwi , Lee Jinkee , Ryu Seunghwa , Kim Sang‐Woo , Kim Miso 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPiezoelectric polymer fibers offer a fundamental element in intelligent fabrics with their shape adaptability and energy‐conversion capability for wearable activity and health monitoring applications. Nonetheless, realizing high‐performance smart polymer fibers faces a technical challenge due to the relatively low piezoelectric performance. Here, we demonstrate high‐performance piezoelectric yarns simultaneously equipped with structural robustness and mechanical flexibility. The key to substantially enhanced piezoelectric performance is promoting the electroactive β‐phase formation during electrospinning via adding an adequate amount of barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles into the poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)). When transformed into a yarn structure by twisting the electrospun mats, the BaTiO3‐doped P(VDF‐TrFE) fibers become mechanically strengthened with significantly improved elastic modulus and ductility. Owing to the tailored convolution neural network algorithms architected for classification, the as‐developed BaTiO3‐doped piezo‐yarn device woven into a cotton fabric exhibits monitoring and identifying capabilities for body signals during seven human motion activities with a high accuracy of 99.6%.image
Forecasting intraday financial time series with sieve bootstrapping and dynamic updating
Authors: Shang Han Lin , Ji Kaiying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntraday financial data often take the form of a collection of curves that can be observed sequentially over time, such as intraday stock price curves. These curves can be viewed as a time series of functions observed on equally spaced and dense grids. Due to the curse of dimensionality, high‐dimensional data pose challenges from a statistical aspect; however, it also provides opportunities to analyze a rich source of information so that the dynamic changes within short‐time intervals can be better understood. We consider a sieve bootstrap method to construct 1‐day‐ahead point and interval forecasts in a model‐free way. As we sequentially observe new data, we also implement two dynamic updating methods to update point and interval forecasts for achieving improved accuracy. The forecasting methods are validated through an empirical study of 5‐min cumulative intraday returns of the S&P/ASX All Ordinaries Index.
Ground movements induced by shield tunnelling in sand layers, Ho Chi Minh City mass rapid transit Line 1
Authors: Giao Pham Huy , Hieu Nguyen Trung , Phien‐Wej Noppadol 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe EPB shield tunnelling for mass rapid transit (MRT) Line 1 of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is the first tunnel excavation in Vietnam to use a tunnel boring machine (TBM). A comprehensive instrumentation programme was developed for safety control and to obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of induced ground movement and the forecasts. The observed ground surface settlement is summarized and interpreted with respect to the tunnelling operation parameters. The settlement trough is compared with the forecast data by applying the empirical Gaussian function and numerical 2D finite‐element analysis (FEA). The trough width parameter in the city's sandy subsoil is determined. The relation between the volume loss of the ground surface and that of the tunnel (contraction ratio) is identified. The result of the investigation is useful for future shield tunnel projects in HCMC and elsewhere in Vietnam.