bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heritability of Gene Expression measured from Peripheral Blood in Older Adults
Authors: Kanchibhotla Sri C. , Mather Karen A. , Armstrong Nicola J. , Ciobanu Liliana G , Baune Bernhard T. , Catts Vibeke S , Schofield Peter R. , Trollor Julian N. , Ames David , Sachdev Perminder S. , Thalamuthu Anbupalam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The contributions of genetic variation and the environment to gene expression may change across the lifespan. However, few studies have investigated the heritability of gene expression from peripheral blood in older adults. The current study therefore aimed to investigate this question in a community sample of older adults. A total of 246 adults (71 monozygotic (MZ) and 52 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, 69.91% females) with a mean age of 75.79 (S.D. = 5.44) were studied. RNA was extracted from peripheral blood and gene expression assessed using Illumina microarrays. Heritability (h2) analysis was performed using structural equation modelling. Out of the available 26537 probes (19256 genes) there were 5269 probes (19.9%) from 4603 unique genes (23.9%) that were significantly heritable, with a mean moderate heritability (h2 = 0.40). The gene, ERAP2, showed the highest heritability (h2 = 0.87; FDR = 2.91E-22). Pathway analysis of the top 10% of significant genes showed enrichment for the immune response, longevity and ageing associated genes. In a comparison with two other gene expression twin heritability studies using adults from across the lifespan, there were 38 out of 9479 overlapping genes that were significantly heritable. In conclusion, our study found ~ 24% of the available genes for analysis were heritable in older adults, with only a small number common across studies that used samples from across adulthood, indicating the importance of examining gene expression in older age groups.
Lie Algebras of Univariate and Bivariate Hermite Polynomials and New Generating Function
Authors: Amiri Manouchehr 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the connections between univariate and bivariate Hermite polynomials and associated differential equations with specific representations of 𝔰𝔩(2,𝑅) algebra whose Cartan sub-algebras coincide with the differential operators involved in these differential equations . Applying the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula to these algebras, results in new relations and generating functions in one-variable and Bivariate Hermite polynomials. A general form of 𝔰𝔩(2,𝑅) representation for other special polynomials such as Laguerre and Legendre polynomials is introduced. A new generating function for Hermite polynomials is presented.
Chronic Supplementation of Noni in Diabetic Type 1-Stz Rats: Effects on Glycemic Levels, Kidney Toxity and Exercise Performance
Authors: Fernandes Débora de Oliveira , César Fernanda Gracia , Melo Bruno Pereira , Brandão Jéssica da Silva Faria , Santos Kelvin Jaques dos , de Andrade Marcelo Teixeira , Casteluber Marisa Cristina da Fonseca , de Carvalho Moisés Vieira , de Barcellos Luiz Alexandre Medrado , Soares Danusa Dias , Guimarães Juliana Bohnen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Thirty-two male Wistar rats were used to verify the effects of chronic noni (Morinda citrifolia L) juice administration on glycemia, triglycerides levels and its relation to physical performance. In addition, it was verified if chronic noni supplementation is safe to clinical use through the kidney morphology analysis. In half of the rats, diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with STZ. All rats were submitted to an incremental workload running test (IWT) until fatigued so that oxygen consumption and performance indexes (exercise time to fatigue and workload) could be analyzed before noni administration. Then, the control and DM groups received placebo (saline solution) or noni juice (dilution 2:1) at a dose of 2 mL/kg once a day for 60 days. The result was four groups: control + placebo (CP), control + noni (CN), DM + placebo (DMP), and DM + noni (DMN). Groups were then given a third IWT to verify the effect of the noni juice on exercise performance and glycemia. Twenty-four hours after the third test, all animals were euthanized and blood and kidneys were removed for posterior analysis. Noni administration improved the time to fatigue and workload in DM rats by reducing hyperglycemia. These results could be associated with an improved energy efficiency promoted by noni ingestion. However, our results provided evidence that chronic noni administration causes kidney damage since elevated glomerular filtration was observed at the same magnitude as the non-treated DM group. In conclusion, chronic noni ingestion promoted glycemic control and improved the performance in DM rats but caused kidney toxicity.
That’s BAD: Blind Anomaly Detection by Implicit Local Feature Clustering
Authors: Zhang Jie , Suganuma Masanori , Okatani Takayuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recent studies on visual anomaly detection (AD) of industrial objects/textures have achieved quite good performance. They consider an unsupervised setting, specifically the one-class setting, in which we assume the availability of a set of normal (i.e., anomaly-free) images for training. In this paper, we consider a more challenging scenario of unsupervised AD, in which we detect anomalies in a given set of images that might contain both normal and anomalous samples. The setting does not assume the availability of known normal data and thus is completely free from human annotation, which differs from the standard AD considered in recent studies. For clarity, we call the setting blind anomaly detection (BAD). We show that BAD can be converted into a local outlier detection problem and propose a novel method named PatchCluster that can accurately detect image- and pixel-level anomalies. Experimental results show that PatchCluster shows a promising performance without the knowledge of normal data, even comparable to the SOTA methods applied in the one-class setting needing it
Causal associations between total testosterone level and non-small cell lung cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Guan Lulu , Yang Yalan , Chen Yu , Luo Xi , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the causal association between the level of total testosterone and the risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
Methods: Genetic variants extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets of total testosterone level and NSCLC were utilized as instrumental variables (IVs). Five methods were employed to generate overall estimates of the effect, including the inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, maximum likelihood (ML), weighted median, and IVW (multiplicative random effects). Leave-one-out validation, MR Steiger test, pleiotropy and heterogeneity testing were conducted to ensure the reliability of our results.
Results: The MR analysis demonstrated a causal effect between total testosterone level and NSCLC, IVW (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.60-0.92, P= 7.44E-03), MR Egger (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.34-0.84, P = 6.98E-03), ML (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.61-0.91, P = 3.49E-03), weighted median (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.48-0.91, P = 1.25E-03), and IVW (multiplicative random effects) (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.60-0.92, P = 7.44E-03). The leave-one-out test revealed that removing any IV did not significantly alter the results. The MR Steiger test confirmed the direction of causality. The absence of significant pleiotropy and negligible effect of heterogeneity supported our finding.
Conclusion: According to our findings, increased levels of testosterone may potentially reduce the likelihood of developing NSCLC. These outcomes could provide valuable insights for the advancement of innovative therapeutic strategies manipulating testosterone levels to lower the risk of NSCLC.
Laser Induced Shock Wave Studies of Aluminum Metal
Authors: Abdulzahra Narjis Zamil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon-destructive laser testing (NDLT) or laser shock penning (LSP) describes the no-damaging material testing method by employing a laser; this denies damaging or inducing helpfulness to give information about a material or component. The experimental study examined the physical characteristics of aluminum and compared it with normalized Hugoniot data. The experimental data depends on studying super eye images supported by SEM images to study the track effect induced by different energy of nanosecond Nd-YAG laser in Laser-Induced Shock Peening (LSP). The forward velocity of the shock wave depends on the material and the sample's shocked medium related to the excised atoms' ionization rates. It noted that the LSP of Al in water and ethanol is the closest to the little shock Hugoniot data pressure is 4.5 GPa, while it is typically (0.46,3.2, and 3) GPa when the incident laser intensity is 11.4 GW/cm2 in air, water, and ethanol media. NDLT technique could apply to examine material shock properties like (particle velocity, shock time, shock wavelength, shock energy, shock intensity, loudness, and force) which is essential to finding mechanical properties. We compared NDLT with classical measurements where Stress-Strain was measured by Tensile test, and the hardness was measured by Vicker hardness; we found the shocked Al in water and ethanol gives more matching for the tensile test. The Vickers hardness more matching when shocked Al in water. In addition, the Elastic Modulus value by the Tensile test is 28 GPa, while by NDLT is (8.4MPa, 4.9, 4.7G Pa) in air, water, and ethanol media.
HRD1 reduction promotes cholesterol-induced vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic change via endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Wang Linli , Ren Zhitao , Wu Lin , Zhang Ximei , Wang Min , He Xuemin , Wang Heting , Chen Yanming , Shi Guojun , Qian Xiaoxian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims: Phenotypic change of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes a lot in obesity induced vascular pathological remodeling. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is critical for maintaining VSMC function, but the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER impairs cell function. As the major ER protein quality control responsible for clearing misfolded proteins, ER-associated degradation (ERAD) whose key member is HRD1 plays vital role in lipid metabolism, but its function in VSMC phenotypic change remains poorly understood.
Main methods: The level of HRD1 expression was analyzed in aortic tissues of mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The HE and EVG (VERHOEFF’S VAN GIESON) staining were used to demonstrate vascular pathological changes. Cripr and transcriptomic analysis were applied in in vitro studies to explore the cellular mechanism.
Key findings: Data showed a significant reduction of HRD1 in aortic tissues of mice under HFD feeding. VSMC phenotypic change and HRD1 downregulation were detected by cholesterol treatment. Transcriptomic and further analysis of HRD1-KO VSMCs showed that HRD1 deficiency increased the expression of genes related with ER stress, proliferation, and migration, but decreased the VSMC contractile-related genes. HRD1 deficiency in VSMCs also exacerbated the proliferation, migration, and ROS production induced by cholesterol, which promoted the VSMC phenotypic change process.
Significance: Our results proved that HRD1 plays an essential role in the contractile homeostasis of VSMCs by negatively regulating ER stress. Thus, HRD1 may have the potential to be a therapeutic target in lipid metabolic disorders induced vascular remodeling caused by VSMC phenotypic change.
HLA Alleles, COVID-19 Vaccine Antibody Response and Real-World Breakthrough Outcomes
Authors: Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Xie Junqing , Mothe Beatriz , Herraiz Marta , Li Chunxiao , Xu Yu , Jödicke Annika , Gao Yaqing , Feng Shuo , Wei Jia , Chen Zhuoyao , Hong Shenda , Wu Yeda , Su Binbin , Zheng Xiaoying , Cohet Catherine , Ali Raghib , Wareham Nicholas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The rapid development, approval, and global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines represent an unprecedented intervention in public health history, with over 13 billion doses administered worldwide in two years. However, our understanding of the HLA genetic underpinnings of COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody responses and their clinical implications for breakthrough outcomes remain limited. To bridge this knowledge gap, we designed and performed a series of genetic and epidemiological analyses among 368,098 vaccinated individuals, and a subset of 194,371 participants who had antibody serology tests. Firstly, we corroborated earlier findings that SNPs associated with antibody response were predominantly located in Major Histocompatibility Complex region, and that the expansive HLA-DQB1*06 allele family was linked to better antibody responses. However, our findings contest the claim that DQB1*06 alleles alone significantly impact breakthrough risks. Additionally, our results suggest that the specific DQB1*06:04 subtype could be the true causal allele, as opposed to the previously reported DQB1*06:02. Secondly, we identified and validated six new functional HLA alleles that independently contribute to vaccine-induced antibody responses. Moreover, we unravelled additive effects of variations across multiple HLA genes that, concurrently, change the risk of clinically relevant breakthrough COVID-19 outcomes. Finally, we detangled the overall vaccine effectiveness and showed that antibody positivity accounts for approximately 20% protection against breakthrough infection and 50% against severe outcomes. These novel findings provide robust population evidence demonstrating how variations within HLA genes strongly, collectively, and causally influence vaccine-induced antibody responses, and the risk of COVID-19 breakthrough infection and related outcomes, with implications for subsequent functional research and personalised vaccination.
Unilateral Renal Cystic Disease: A Rare and Benign Renal Pathology
Authors: hasan Trefa Salih Salih 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Unilateral renal cystic disease (URCD) is an infrequent condition that differs from the more common polycystic kidney disease in terms of patient demographics, clinical presentation, genetic background, and prognosis. This article presents a case of URCD in a young male patient who underwent imaging evaluation for nonspecific loin pain. The imaging findings, including ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), confirmed the diagnosis and ruled out the involvement of other solid organs. With normal renal function and no family history of renal cystic disease, the patient's prognosis was favourable. This case report emphasizes the importance of imaging in distinguishing URCD from other renal pathologies and highlights the need for further studies and guidelines on the management of URCD.
Automated mapping of the mean particle diameter characteristics from UAV-imagery using the CNN-based GRAINet model
Authors: Lendzioch Theodora , Langhammer Jakub , Sheshadrivasan Veethahavya Kootanoor 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This study uses the GRAINet CNN approach on UAV optical aerial imagery to analyze and predict grain size characteristics, specifically mean diameter (dm), along a gravel river point bar in Šumava National Park (Šumava NP), Czechia. By employing a digital line sampling technique and manual annotations as ground truth, GRAINet offers an innovative solution for particle size analysis. Eight UAV overflights were conducted between 2014 and 2022 to monitor changes in grain size dm across the river point bar. The resulting dm prediction maps showed reasonably accurate results, with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) values ranging from 1.9 cm to 4.4 cm in tenfold cross-validations. Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values varied from 7.13 cm to 27.24 cm and 2.49 cm to 4.07 cm, respectively. Most models underestimated grain size, with around 68.5% falling within 1σ and 90.75% falling within 2σ of the predicted GRAINet mean dm. However, deviations from actual grain sizes were observed, particularly for grains smaller than 5 cm. The study highlights the importance of a large manually labeled training dataset for the GRAINet approach, eliminating the need for user-parameter tuning and improving its suitability for large-scale applications.
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Kuang Xiao , Li Jinyu , Xu Yiheng , Yang Lihong , Liu Xiaoxiao , Yang Jinhui , Tai Wenlin 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Liver cirrhosis is one of the leading causes of decreased life expectancy
worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying liver cirrhosis remain unclear. In this
study, we performed a comprehensive analysis using transcriptome and metabolome sequencing to
explore the genes, pathways, and interactions associated with liver cirrhosis.

Methods:
We performed transcriptome and metabolome sequencing of blood samples from patients
with cirrhosis and healthy controls (1:1 matched for sex and age). We validated the differentially
expressed microRNA (miRNA) and mRNAs using real-time quantitative polymerase chain
reaction.

Results:
For transcriptome analysis, we screened for differentially expressed miRNAs and
mRNAs, analyzed mRNAs to identify possible core genes and pathways, and performed coanalysis
of miRNA and mRNA sequencing results. In terms of the metabolome, we screened five
pathways that were substantially enriched in the differential metabolites. Next, we identified the
metabolites with the most pronounced differences among these five metabolic pathways. We performed
receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of these five metabolites to determine
their diagnostic efficacy for cirrhosis. Finally, we explored possible links between the transcriptome
and metabolome.

Conclusion:
Based on sequencing and bioinformatics, we identified miRNAs and genes that were
differentially expressed in the blood of patients with liver cirrhosis. By exploring pathways and
disease-specific networks, we identified unique biological mechanisms. In terms of metabolomes,
we identified novel biomarkers and explored their diagnostic efficacy. We identified possible
common pathways in the transcriptome and metabolome that could serve as candidates for further
studies.
Signal Pathways and Intestinal Flora through Trimethylamine N-oxide in
Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhang Yao , Jian Wenxuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The current studies show signs of progress in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) with the
“brain-gut axis.” Restoring intestinal flora balance can alleviate neurodegeneration in the central
nervous system. However, due to the complex mechanisms involved in the brain-gut axis, the neuroprotective
mechanism brought by intestinal flora has not been fully understood. Trimethylamine
N-oxide (TMAO) is a microbiota-dependent metabolism production; TMAO has been proven to be
a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, thrombosis, type II diabetes, and other diseases. Meanwhile,
all the above diseases are associated with AD; thus, we speculate that TMAO and AD are also correlated.
Microbiota, such as Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae, Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia,
etc., correlate with the production process of TMAO. High choline intake and insulin resistance
have also been identified as contributors to TMAO synthesis. With the increasing TMAO
in plasma, TMAO can enter the central nervous system, causing neuroinflammation and immune responses
and damaging the blood-brain barrier. TMAO can increase the expression of Aβ and the
hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, regulate the signal pathways of NLRP3/ASC/caspase1,
SIRT1/p53/p21/Rb, PERK/eIF2α/ER-stress, SIRT3-SOD2-mtROS, TXNIP-NLPR3, and
PERK/Akt/mTOR, and stimulate the inflammation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and
the ROS. In this mini-review, we have summarized the diseases induced by TMAO through clinical
and signal pathways, and intestinal flora correlated with TMAO. Through the analysis of diseases
and mechanisms involved in TMAO, we have concluded TMAO to be a potentially important
pathological factor of AD.
The Development of HDAC and Tubulin Dual-Targeting Inhibitors for
Cancer Therapy
Authors: Nie Jing , Wu Huina , Luan Yepeng , Wu Jiyong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that are responsible for the removal
of acetyl groups from the ε-N-acetyl lysine of histones, allowing histones to wrap DNA more tightly.
HDACs play an essential role in many biological processes, such as gene regulation, transcription, cell
proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, differentiation and metastasis, which make it an excellent target
for anticancer drug discovery. The search for histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) has been intensified,
with numerous HDACis being discovered, and five of them have reached the market. However,
currently available HDAC always suffers from several shortcomings, such as limited efficacy, drug
resistance, and toxicity. Accordingly, dual-targeting HDACis have attracted much attention from academia
to industry, and great advances have been achieved in this area. In this review, we summarize
the progress on inhibitors with the capacity to concurrently inhibit tubulin polymerization and HDAC
activity and their application in cancer treatment.
Current Fragment-to-lead Approaches Starting from the 7-azaindole: The
Pharmacological Versatility of a Privileged Molecular Fragment
Authors: Marcos Santos Leandro , da Silveira Nelson José Freitas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Fragment-based drug discovery is one of the most powerful paradigms in the recent context
of medicinal chemistry and is being widely practiced by academic and industrial researchers.
Currently, azaindoles are among the most exploited molecular fragments in pharmaceutical innovation
projects inspired by fragment-to-lead strategies. The 7-azaindole is the most prominent representative
within this remarkable family of pyrrolopyridine fragments, as it is present in the chemical
structure of several approved antitumor drugs and also of numerous therapeutic candidates. In
this paper, a brief overview on existing proofs of concept in the literature will be presented, as well
as some recent works that corroborate 7-azaindole as a privileged and pharmacologically versatile
molecular fragment.