bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between cardiovascular risk factors, disease activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with inflammatory joint disease: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Nordén Kristine Røren , Semb Anne Grete , Dagfinrud Hanne , Hisdal Jonny , Ødegård Sigrid , Sexton Joseph , Fongen Camilla , Skandsen Jon , Blanck Thalita , Metsios George S. , Tveter Anne Therese 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory joint diseases (IJD) are accompanied by an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a modifiable CVD risk factor and low levels of CRF associate with an elevated CVD risk. This study aimed to investigate the associations between CVD risk factors, disease activity and CRF in patients with IJD and to explore differences between patients with normal versus low levels of CRF.

Methods
CRF was measured as peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) with a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Participants were also evaluated for: Body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, inflammatory markers and disease activity. Patient-reported use of cigarettes/snuff, medication, disease duration, pain, fatigue, CVD history, habitual physical activity and exercise beliefs and self-efficacy were collected by questionnaire. Cross-sectional associations between CVD risk factors, disease-related factors and CRF were analyzed by multiple linear regression. CRF was categorized to normal CRF (VO2peak ≥ 80%) or low CRF (VO2peak < 80%) according to age- and gender-stratified reference data. Differences in demographic, CVD and disease-related factors between patients with normal versus low CRF were explored.

Results
In 60 Norwegian patients with IJD [34 females, age 59 years (IQR: 52–63)], mean VO2peak was 30.2 (± 6.9) mL/kg/min, corresponding to 83% (± 18) of normative reference values. Age (coefficient: − 0.18 years, p = 0.01) and fat mass (coefficient: − 0.67 %, p < 0.001) were inversely associated with CRF, while physical activity index (coefficient: 0.13 points, p = 0.05) was positively associated with CRF (R2 = 0.66). There were no significant associations between CRF, classical CVD risk factors and disease-related variables. Compared to patients with low CRF (n = 30), patients with normal CRF (n = 30) had higher peak oxygen uptake (+ 9.4 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+ 0.5 mmol L−1, p < 0.001), and exercise self-efficacy (+ 6.9, p < 0.01) as well as lower fat mass (− 8.7%, p < 0.001), resting heart rate (− 8.0 beats/min, p < 0.01) and triglycerides (− 0.5 mmol L−1, p < 0.01).

Conclusions
In this sample of IJD-patients, age, fatmass and physical activity level were associated with CRF. CRF was lower than reference values and patients with normal CRF presented with a more favorable health profile. There is a continued need for exercise interventions to improve CRF in patients with IJD.
Trial registration: NCT04922840.
Choosing safe and effective anticoagulation to treat idiopathic ovarian vein thrombosis: using first principles of deep vein thrombosis management to treat a rare diagnosis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yii Erwin , Yao Hexiang , Yii Ming 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) often presents in the post-partum period and is associated with significant complications including inferior vena cava extension, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, and renal obstruction. Idiopathic OVT is rare, and no consensus has been agreed upon regarding its diagnosis and management. This case presents a patient who was diagnosed with idiopathic OVT and was treated with apixaban. A literature review was performed collating reported cases of idiopathic OVT to form a recommendation regarding optimal management and follow up.

Case presentation
A 42-year-old Chinese woman presenting with right lower quadrant pain underwent a CT abdomen after urinary tract obstruction was excluded on ultrasound. She was subsequently diagnosed with an idiopathic 35 mm ovarian vein thrombus (OVT) given no history of primary coagulopathy nor secondary aetiology. A literature review was performed collating 18 case reports with method of diagnosis and management summarized. Treatment alternatives included low molecular weight heparin, warfarin, rivaroxaban and apixaban. Most were diagnosed after work up for suspected renal calculus or appendicitis. Follow up imaging was performed from between 6 weeks to 6 months after initiation of anticoagulation.

Conclusions
Direct oral anticoagulants were an effective treatment for OVT, however warfarin should be commenced in those suspected of antiphospholipid syndrome awaiting confirmation or exclusion of the diagnosis.
VulRep: vulnerability repair based on inducing commits and fixing commits
Authors: Wei Ying , Bo Lili , Wu Xiaoxue , Li Yue , Ye Zhenlei , Sun Xiaobing , Li Bin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of the information age, software vulnerabilities have threatened the safety of communication and mobile network, and research on vulnerability repair is urgent. Different from the existing machine learning-based approaches, we propose VulRep, a vulnerability repair approach based on vulnerability introduction, which combines empirical research findings on vulnerability inducing and vulnerability fixing commit with machine learning approaches for vulnerability repair. Firstly, we construct the vulnerability introduction and repair dataset, and generate the AST tree for the code of inducing commit and fixing commit to form a sequence after abstraction processing, and input it into the Transformer model to generate a recommendation list through beam search. After filling in the abstracted code, it is combined with the rules defined by empirical research findings, and the final patch is obtained after verification. Experimental results show that VulRep can improve the performance of repairing vulnerabilities, which illustrates the effectiveness of combined empirical research findings. In addition, we found that our approach is more suitable for repairing type CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer) vulnerabilities and can perform vulnerability repair better.
Microbiota-mediated nitrogen fixation and microhabitat homeostasis in aerial root-mucilage
Authors: Pang Zhiqiang , Mao Xinyu , Zhou Shaoqun , Yu Sheng , Liu Guizhou , Lu Chengkai , Wan Jinpeng , Hu Lingfei , Xu Peng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlants sustain intimate relationships with diverse microbes. It is well-recognized that these plant-associated microbiota shape individual performance and fitness of host plants, but much remains to be explored regarding how they exert their function and maintain their homeostasis.ResultsHere, using pink lady (Heterotis rotundifolia) as a study plant, we investigated the phenomenon of microbiota-mediated nitrogen fixation and elucidated how this process is steadily maintained in the root mucilage microhabitat. Metabolite and microbiota profiling showed that the aerial root mucilage is enriched in carbohydrates and diazotrophic bacteria. Nitrogen isotope-labeling experiments,15N natural abundance, and gene expression analysis indicated that the aerial root-mucilage microbiota could fix atmospheric nitrogen to support plant growth. While the aerial root mucilage is a hotspot of nutrients, we did not observe high abundance of other environmental and pathogenic microbes inside. We further identified a fungus isolate in mucilage that has shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, but solely allows the growth of diazotrophic bacteria. This “friendly” fungus may be the key driver to maintain nitrogen fixation function in the mucilage microhabitat.ConclusionThe discovery of new biological function and mucilage-habitat friendly fungi provides insights into microbial homeostasis maintenance of microenvironmental function and rhizosphere ecology.
Structured physical exercise for bipolar depression: an open-label, proof-of concept study
Authors: Lafer Beny , Duarte Cicera Claudinea , Greve Julia Maria D’Andrea , dos Santos Silva Paulo Roberto , de Almeida Karla Mathias , Belizario Gabriel Okawa , Neves Lucas Melo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Physical exercise (PE) is a recommended lifestyle intervention for different mental disorders and has shown specific positive therapeutic effects in unipolar depressive disorder. Considering the similar symptomatology of the depressive phase in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar depressive disorder, it is reasonable to suggest that PE may also be beneficial for bipolar depression. However, there is an absence of studies evaluating the antidepressant effect of a structured PE intervention in BD.

Methods
This is an open-label, single-arm study trial. Fifteen patients with a diagnosis of BD Type I or Type II, presenting a depressive episode were included in the study. After physical and functional evaluation, patients participated in supervised training sessions with aerobics followed by strength exercises, three times per week, for 12 weeks (36 training sessions). Depressive and manic symptoms were assessed at baseline and 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Additionally, quality of Life and functioning were assessed at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 weeks). Finally, we tested cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and body composition at baseline and week-12.

Results
The mean (± SD) Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score at baseline was 23.6 ± 8.3 points and after 12 weeks of PE the mean score was 10.2 ± 4.8 points. Nine patients (82%) presented an antidepressant response defined as a reduction of more than 50% of depressive symptoms at week 12 with five of those patients (45%) presenting criteria for full remission. A large and significant Cohen’s D Effect Size (pre-post) was verified for MADRS reduction [1.98 (95% Confidence interval = 0.88 to 3.08)]. We did not detect a significant change in manic symptoms, functioning, and quality of life during the 12-week follow-up. At week-12, all patients increased their muscular strength (one repetition maximal test − 1RM) and reduced the percentage of body fat (spectral bioelectrical impedance analysis).

Conclusions
This study, using rigorous criteria and a structured intervention, provides valid pilot data, showing the feasibility of a structured PE intervention for the treatment of depressive symptoms in BD, and suggesting a potential adjunctive antidepressant effect. Moreover, PE showed a positive impact on muscle strength and body composition. This should be further verified by randomized controlled studies.
Risk of magnetic resonance imaging-induced magnet dislocation for different types of cochlear implants: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Rupp Robin , Balk Matthias , Sievert Matti , Leibl Victoria , Schleder Stephan , Allner Moritz , Iro Heinrich , Hoppe Ulrich , Hornung Joachim , Gostian Antoniu-Oreste 
Published: April 2023

Background When performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with a cochlear implant (CI), complication rates vary widely in the literature. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of complications, in particular magnet dislocation, in patients with CI undergoing 1.5 Tesla (T) MRI. As a secondary objective, the prevalence of magnet dislocation for specific cochlear implant device types was elaborated. Methods In a single-center retrospective study, all patients with a cochlear implant presenting for an MRI examination at 1.5 T at our institution between January 1st, 2010 and December 31st, 2020 were included. Implants with axial and diametrical magnets were included in the study. MRI safety measures were applied before imaging. The prevalence of complications was evaluated. Magnet dislocation rates were calculated for device types with at least 20 MRI exposures. Results During the study period, 196 MRI examinations were performed in a total of 128 patients, accounting for 149 different implants (21 implanted bilaterally) with a total of 231 implant exposures to MRI (average 1.69 ± 1.57; min. 1, max. 12). Complications were reported in 50 out of 231 cochlear implant exposures (21.6%). Magnet dislocation occurred in a total of 27 cases (11.7%). Dislocation rates were 29.6% for the Cochlear® CI500 series (24 dislocations from 81 exposures), 1.1% for the Cochlear® CI24RE series (1 from 87) and 0% for the MED-EL® Synchrony (0 from 36). The dislocation rate for the CI500 was significantly higher than for the CI24RE (χ2 (1) = 26.86; p < 0.001; ϕ = 0.40) or the Synchrony (χ2 (1) = 13.42; p < 0.001; ϕ = 0.34). Conclusions For 1.5 T MRI, the risk of magnet dislocation ranges from 0 to 29.6% and depends on the CI device type. Implants with a diametrical magnet can be considered potentially MRI-safe, whereas in CIs with axial magnets, the CI500 is at high risk of magnet dislocation. Therefore, apart from a strict indication for an MRI and adherence to safety protocols, post-MRI follow-up examination to rule out magnet dislocation is recommended. Graphical Abstract
Association between the timing of ICU admission and mortality in patients with hospital-onset sepsis: a nationwide prospective cohort study
Authors: Ahn Yoon Hae , Lee Jinwoo , Oh Dong Kyu , Lee Su Yeon , Park Mi Hyeon , Lee Haein , Lim Chae-Man , Lee Sang-Min , Lee Hong Yeul ,   the Korean Sepsis Alliance (KSA) Investigators, Lim Chae-Man , Hong Sang-Bum , Oh Dong Kyu , Suh Gee Young , Jeon Kyeongman , Ko Ryoung-Eun , Cho Young-Jae , Lee Yeon Joo , Lim Sung Yoon , Park Sunghoon , Heo Jeongwon , Lee Jae-myeong , Kim Kyung Chan , Lee Yeon Joo , Chang Youjin , Jeon Kyeongman , Lee Sang-Min , Lim Chae-Man , Hong Suk-Kyung , Cho Woo Hyun , Kwak Sang Hyun , Lee Heung Bum , Ahn Jong-Joon , Seong Gil Myeong , Lee Song-I. , Park Tai Sun , Lee Su Hwan , Choi Eun Young , Moon Jae Young 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundBased on sparse evidence, the current Surviving Sepsis Campaign guideline suggests that critically ill patients with sepsis be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) within 6 h. However, limited ICU bed availability often makes immediate transfer difficult, and it is unclear whether all patients will benefit from early admission to the ICU. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the association between the timing of ICU admission and mortality in patients with hospital-onset sepsis.MethodsThis nationwide prospective cohort study analyzed patients with hospital-onset sepsis admitted to the ICUs of 19 tertiary hospitals between September 2019 and December 2020. ICU admission was classified as either early (within 6 h) or delayed (beyond 6 h). The primary outcome of in-hospital mortality was compared using logistic regression adjusted for key prognostic factors in the unmatched and 1:1 propensity-score-matched cohorts. Subgroup and interaction analyses assessed whether in-hospital mortality varied according to baseline characteristics.ResultsA total of 470 and 286 patients were included in the early and delayed admission groups, respectively. Early admission to the ICU did not significantly result in lower in-hospital mortality in both the unmatched (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99–1.85) and matched cohorts (aOR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.94–2.02). Subgroup analyses showed that patients with increasing lactate levels (aOR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.37–3.23;Pfor interaction = 0.003), septic shock (aOR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.31–3.22;Pfor interaction = 0.019), and those who needed mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.24–2.96;Pfor interaction = 0.027) or vasopressor support (aOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.17–2.44;Pfor interaction = 0.042) on the day of ICU admission had a higher risk of mortality with delayed admission.ConclusionsAmong patients with hospital-onset sepsis, in-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between those with early and delayed ICU admission. However, as early intensive care may benefit those with increasing lactate levels, septic shock, and those who require vasopressors or ventilatory support, admission to the ICU within 6 h should be considered for these subsets of patients.
Otolaryngologists and iatrogenic facial nerve injury: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zamzam Sameh M. , Hassouna Mohamed Salah , Elsawy Mohamed Khairy , Gafaar Shereen Hamdy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIatrogenic facial nerve injury is one of the otolaryngologists’ major fears during surgeries. Despite technological advances, the risk of iatrogenic facial nerve palsy remains high. The aim of this study is to meta-analyse papers published about different iatrogenic causes of facial nerve injury. This is a meta-analysis study carried out at ENT departments of Cairo and MUST universities from April to October 2022. It was structured according to the recommendations of the reporting system for meta-analysis (PRISMA).ResultsA total of 168 manuscripts were revised, and after the comprehensive search, 44 studies met our inclusion criteria; 736 cases out of 15,846 (4.6%) were included. The patients who underwent otolaryngologic surgeries are 716 (97.3%), and those who underwent other related procedures are 20 (2.7%).ConclusionMultiple causes of iatrogenic facial nerve injury have been reported. The commonest cause is parotid surgeries (364 cases, 49.5%), and the least common cause is arterial embolization (3 cases, 0.4%). It is more common in females more than males and in adults more than young. The most common injured part is extra-temporal part (199 cases, 27%), and the marginal mandibular branch is the most common injured branch in (160 cases, 21.7%). Geographically, it is more distributed in Germany (175 cases, 23.8%).
Unexplained Cachexia as a Presenting Symptom of Pheochromocytoma in a Geriatric Patient
Authors: Nkodo Amélie , Wu Iris , Hobgood Sarah , Celi Francesco S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that may secrete catecholamines, resulting in a wide array of clinical symptoms. While patients classically present with hypertension, headache, diaphoresis, and flushing, these symptoms are present in only 40% of cases. Here, we describe a 70-year-old woman whose predominant symptom was unexplained severe weight loss over a 12-month period associated with fatigue, anxiety, and palpitations at her endocrinologist and geriatrician visits.
Diagnostic imaging was performed to assess for malignancy and demonstrated a 2.0 cm × 2.0 cm left adrenal mass. The diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was confirmed by elevated plasma normetanephrine levels. After a 2-week alpha blockade with doxazosin, the patient underwent robotic left adrenalectomy.
Following surgery, the patient regained weight, and her hypertension also improved significantly. We hope this uncommon clinical presentation in an older adult characterized by weight loss and frailty will increase the awareness of atypical pheochromocytoma symptomatology, particularly in older individuals.
Intraovarian Platelet-rich Plasma Administration Induced Spontaneous Ovulation in an Anovulatory Woman With PCOS
Authors: Merhi Zaher , Mouanness Marco , Wang Ruoyu , Seckin Serin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become popular as an adjunct to fertility treatment for women with infertility, particularly those with low ovarian reserve and premature ovarian insufficiency. Recent data in a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) animal model demonstrated that intraovarian PRP administration improved folliculogenesis, ovarian antioxidant potential, and serum hormonal imbalance, suggesting that PRP could be considered a novel technique to alleviate PCOS-induced pathogenesis. With injection of PRP into the ovaries, it has been hypothesized that the infusion of cytokines and growth factors may exhibit a local effect that changes the expression of genes important in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis, decreases inflammation, and partially restores normal ovarian function. This report is the first to present a case of a long-term amenorrheic woman with PCOS who has been trying to conceive, who resumed spontaneous ovulatory cycles, and had improvement in several aspects of her hormonal imbalance following intraovarian PRP administration. The purpose of this case report is to increase awareness regarding the possible benefits of intraovarian PRP injections for women with PCOS. There is a clear need for larger prospective studies to properly elucidate the effect of intraovarian PRP administration on both the reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions observed in women with PCOS.
Against the Chains of Utility: Antiutilitarian Sacrifice in Cho Sehŭi’s A Little Ball Launched by the Dwarf
Authors: Suh Serk-Bae 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article looks at Cho Sehŭi’s novel A Little Ball Launched by the Dwarf (1978) as the epitome of antiutilitarian literature in the 1970s. During the period, the developmental state invoked the rhetoric of sacrifice to justify its demand on the people and society for devotion and commitment to the state-led economic development. This idea of sacrifice lies at the heart of what this article terms “utilitarian ideology.” The utilitarian ideology indicates the set of premises on which the developmental state privileged production over consumption, work over leisure, accumulation over expenditure, and the future over the present. This article highlights a moment of antiutilitarian sacrifice in The Dwarf that defies the instrumental reasoning that lies at the heart of the utilitarian ideology. In doing so, the article does not merely take issue with the state ideology of 1970s South Korea. By drawing from Georges Bataille’s thoughts on sacrifice and literature, the article criticizes utilitarian sacrifice, which not only lay at the core of this ideology but continues to pervade today’s society. In the end, the article locates a new possibility of literature’s relevance to society in the moment of antiutilitarian sacrifice radiating from The Dwarf.
Limbologics
Authors: Chapman Alix 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis essay argues that limbo is a chronic aspect of black queer life and thus the tools this community has developed in responding to these experiences might offer solutions for dealing with the acceleration of disaster in the twenty-first century. The author offers an analytical category and practice he calls limbologics: the production of indeterminate ontologies, temporal and spatial imaginaries that are created in relation to conditions of encroachment and violence. Through personal narrative, ethnography, and artist interviews Chapman situates black queer performance within limbo as an African Diasporic cosmology and aesthetic. He argues that we must grapple with crisis as limbo because the analogy gives us something we would not get with any other concept. That something is what is needed to move us toward a place where even in the midst of immanent disaster the most marginal of us, and/or unlikely parts of ourselves, can still live. This essay takes important steps in linking the suffering of people during the COVID-19 pandemic; historical legacies of radical Black and queer creativity; and some of the black queer aesthetics thriving in contemporary New Orleans. These practices produce new geographies of hope in the face of uncertainty.