bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Newly diagnosed non‐small cell lung cancer with interstitial lung abnormality: Prevalence, characteristics, and prognosis
Authors: Zhu Min , Yi Jiawen , Su Yanping , Zhang Yixiao , Gao Yanli , Xu Xiaoli , Zhang Shu , Zhang Yuhui , Huang Kewu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlong with the improvement of lung cancer screening implementation, the identification of interstitial lung abnormality (ILA) is increasing. Currently, there is a limited description of the oncogenic status and ILA subtypes among newly diagnosed non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ILA in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, oncogenic status and factors associated with overall survival (OS) among NSCLC patients with ILA.MethodsA total of 765 newly diagnosed NSCLC cases at our hospital were reviewed and ILA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the Fleischner Society. The characteristics, clinical pathological features and OS of NSCLC patients with ILA were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsOf the 765 patients included in the study, 101 (13.2%) cases experienced ILA at the time of NSCLC diagnosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that ILA was more likely to be detected in NSCLC patients who were age ≥60 (OR 2.404, p = 0.001), male gender (OR 2.476, p = 0.004), and EGFR wild‐type (OR 2.035, p = 0.007). Additionally, according to the multivariate Cox model, the presence of ILA in NSCLC patients was significantly associated with a shorter OS period than those without ILA (751 days vs. 445 days, HR 0.6, p = 0.001). Following analysis, it was determined that OS in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) was shorter than in those without UIP (HR 1.82, p = 0.037).ConclusionILA is a common comorbidity among newly diagnosed NSCLC patients. We found that patients with EGFR wild‐type NSCLC were more likely to develop ILA. The presence of ILA, especially UIP, was significantly associated with poor NSCLC prognosis.
Association between genetically determined telomere length and health‐related outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of Mendelian randomization studies
Authors: Chen Boran , Yan Yushun , Wang Haoran , Xu Jianguo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEmerging evidence has shown that leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with various health‐related outcomes, while the causality of these associations remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of current evidence from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on the association between LTL and health‐related outcomes. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to April 2022 to identify eligible MR studies. We graded the evidence level of each MR association based on the results of the main analysis and four sensitive MR methods, MR‐Egger, weighted median, MR‐PRESSO, and multivariate MR. Meta‐analyses of published MR studies were also performed. A total of 62 studies with 310 outcomes and 396 MR associations were included. Robust evidence level was observed for the association between longer LTL and increased risk of 24 neoplasms (the strongest magnitude for osteosarcoma, GBM, glioma, thyroid cancer, and non‐GBM glioma), six genitourinary and digestive system outcomes of excessive or abnormal growth, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. Robust inverse association was observed for coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and facial aging. Meta‐analyses of MR studies suggested that genetically determined LTL was associated with 12 neoplasms and 9 nonneoplasm outcomes. Evidence from published MR studies supports that LTL plays a causal role in various neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to bring insight into the potential prediction, prevention, and therapeutic applications of telomere length.
Online mental health screening for rural fathers over the perinatal period
Authors: Fletcher Richard , Regan Casey , Leigh Lucy , Dizon Jason , Deering April 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of identifying distressed fathers in rural areas of NSW via a ‘light touch’ support program (SMS4dads).DesignA retrospective observational study using self‐reported distress and routinely captured help‐seeking behaviour over a 14‐month period (September 2020–December 2021) comparing rural and urban fathers.SettingRural and urban Local Health Districts in NSW.ParticipantsA total of 3261 expectant and new fathers enrolled in a text‐based information and support service (SMS4dads).Main Outcome MeasuresRegistrations, K10 score, program engagement, attrition, escalation and referral to online mental health services.ResultsRural (13.3%) and urban (13.2%) enrolments were equivalent. Rural fathers had higher rates of distress than urban fathers (rural 19%; urban 16%) and were more likely to be smokers, consume alcohol at risky levels and report lower education levels. Rural fathers were more likely to exit the program early (HR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.08–1.62; p = 0.008); however, once adjusted for demographic factors aside from rurality, this increased likelihood was nonsignificant (HR = 1.10; 95% CI 0.88–1.38; p = 0.401). Although engagement with psychological support during the program was equivalent, a greater proportion of rural participants were escalated to online mental health support (7.7%) than urban participants (6.1%); however, this was nonsignificant (p = 0.222).ConclusionDigital platforms offering text‐based parenting information in a ‘light touch’ format may be an effective way to screen rural fathers for mental distress and connect them to online support.
Influenza A (H1N1) virus induced long‐term remission in a refractory acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: You Liangshun , Liu Yi , Chen Nianci , Zhu Li , Xu Gaixiang , Lv Zuopo , Zhou Yile , Li Chenying , Tong Hongyan , Jin Jie , Meng Haitao 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThere have been reports of haematological cancer patients achieving spontaneous remission after being infected with the influenza A or SARS‐COV‐2 virus. Here, we present the first case of long‐term complete remission (CR) induced by influenza A (IAV, H1N1 subtype) in a refractory AML patient and have functionally validated this finding in two different animal disease models. We observed a significant increase in the proportion of helper T cells in the patient after IAV infection. The levels of cytokines, including IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐17A, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α, were higher in IAV‐infected patients compared with control groups. These findings indicate that the anti‐tumour effects induced by IAV are closely related to the modification of the immune response. Our study provides new evidence of the anti‐tumour effects of IAV from a clinical practice perspective.
Complementary roles of EP2 and EP4 receptors in malignant glioma
Authors: Qiu Jiange , Li Qianqian , Li Junqi , Zhou Fengmei , Sang Peng , Xia Zhongkun , Wang Wei , Wang Lin , Yu Ying , Jiang Jianxiong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumour in the central nervous system, but the current treatment is very limited and unsatisfactory. PGE2‐initiated cAMP signalling via EP2 and EP4 receptors is involved in the tumourigenesis of multiple cancer types. However, whether or how EP2 and EP4 receptors contribute to GBM growth largely remains elusive.Experimental ApproachWe performed comprehensive data analysis of gene expression in human GBM samples and determined their expression correlations through multiple bioinformatics approaches. A time‐resolved fluorescence energy transfer (TR‐FRET) assay was utilized to characterize PGE2‐mediated cAMP signalling via EP2 and EP4 receptors in human glioblastoma cells. Using recently reported potent and selective small‐molecule antagonists, we determined the effects of inhibition of EP2 and EP4 receptors on GBM growth in subcutaneous and intracranial tumour models.Key ResultsThe expression of both EP2 and EP4 receptors was upregulated and highly correlated with a variety of tumour‐promoting cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in human gliomas. Further, they were heterogeneously expressed in human GBM cells, where they compensated for each other to mediate PGE2‐initiated cAMP signalling and to promote colony formation, cell invasion and migration. Inhibition of EP2 and EP4 receptors revealed that these receptors might mediate GBM growth, angiogenesis, and immune evasion in a compensatory manner.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe compensatory roles of EP2 and EP4 receptors in GBM development and growth suggest that concurrently targeting these two PGE2 receptors might represent a more effective strategy than inhibiting either alone for GBM treatment.
Frequency of screw‐retained angulated screw channel single crown following immediate implant placement and provisionalization in the esthetic zone: A cone beam computed tomography study
Authors: Kan Joseph Y. K. , Rungcharassaeng Kitichai , Kamolroongwarakul Pongrapee , Lin Guo‐Hao , Matsuda Hiroyuki , Yin Shi , Wang Hom‐Lay , Tarnow Dennis , Lozada Jaime L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) study was to determine the frequency percentage of screw‐retained crown using angulated screw channel (ASC) abutment for single immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIPP) in the esthetic zone.MethodsThe CBCT images of 200 patients without disease and without metal restorations in maxillary anterior teeth were evaluated. The mid‐sagittal‐sectional CBCT images of maxillary anterior teeth (#6–#11) were created in an implant planning software, screen‐captured, and transferred to a presentation program. Template of tapered implants with diameter of 3.5 mm (for central and lateral incisors) and 4.3 mm (for central incisors and canines) and lengths of 13, 15, and 18 mm were applied to the sagittal images to identify the IIPP cases. To qualify for IIPP, the implant must engage >35% bone with at least 1 mm of surrounding bone and no perforations. The IIPP cases were further divided into straight screw channel (IIPPSSC) abutment or 25‐degree angulated screw channel abutment (IIPPASC), based upon its restorability. The frequency percentages of possible IIPP, IIPPSSC, and IIPPASC were reported and compared among all maxillary anterior teeth.ResultsA total of 1200 maxillary anterior teeth sagittal images from 200 patients (88 male and 112 female) with a mean age of 51.3 years (range 20–83 years) were evaluated in this study. The overall frequency percentages of IIPP, IIPPSSC, and IIPPASC possibility were 84% (74%–92%), 14% (10%–24%), and 75% (66%–87%), respectively.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this CBCT study, 90% of single IIPP in the esthetic zone can be restored with screw‐retained crown when utilizing ASC. In addition, the possibility of using a screw‐retained restoration following IIPP increases about five times with ASC abutment compared to the SSC abutment.
How can excess residual cement be reduced in implant‐supported restorations?: An in vitro study
Authors: Gönder Aykut , Polat Serdar , Kılıçarslan Mehmet Ali , Ocak Mert , Tamam Evşen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different cements and cementation techniques used in implant‐supported restorations and the application of various vent modifications and extraoral replica techniques on the amount of overflowing cement in cemented systems.Materials and MethodsIn this study, three different abutment designs were used as fully closed, occlusal vented, and occlusal + proximal vented. An extraoral replica was produced by milling the CAD/CAM ceramic block. The number of groups with and without replicas was determined as six (n = 10). For the cementation procedures, three different cements were tested: dual‐cure resin, eugenol‐free zinc oxide, and polycarboxylate cements. Cobalt–chromium superstructures to be cemented to the implant analog–abutment complex were produced by direct metal laser sintering method. Twenty‐four hours after the cementation process, residual cement were measered with Micro‐CT. In comparisons between groups, ANOVA test was used for normally distributed variables and Kruskall–Wallis H test was used for non‐normally distributed variables at a significance level of p < 0.05.ResultsThe difference in residual cement volumes between the groups in terms of both cementation techniques (whether or not to use an extraoral replica and different vent desings) and cement types was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was significantly less residual cement in all groups that used extraoral replicas than those that did not. As for the cement types, the most residual cement occurred in the resin cement.ConclusionThe use of extraoral replicas and vent designs on the abutment significantly reduces the amount of residual cement. Regardless of the cementation technique, the type of cement used affects the amount of excess cement.Clinical RelevanceTo reduce residual cement, both the type of cement and the cementation technique used must be considered.
Safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the soluble guanylyl cyclase activator BI 685509 in patients with diabetic kidney disease: A randomized trial
Authors: Cherney David Z. I. , de Zeeuw Dick , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Cardona Jose , Desch Marc , Wenz Arne , Schulze Friedrich , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsAlbuminuria is associated with abnormalities in the nitric oxide (NO)–soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)–cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway. We assessed safety and efficacy of the NO‐independent sGC activator BI 685509 in patients with diabetic kidney disease and albuminuria.Materials and methodsIn this Phase Ib trial (NCT03165227), we randomized patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 20–75 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) 200–3500 mg/g to oral BI 685509 (1 mg three times daily, n = 20; 3 mg once daily, n = 19; 3 mg three times daily, n = 20, after final titration) or placebo (n = 15) for 28 days. Changes from baseline in UACR in first morning void (UACRFMV) and 10‐hour (UACR10h) urine (3 mg once daily/three times daily only) were assessed.ResultsBaseline median eGFR and UACR were 47.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 641.5 mg/g, respectively. Twelve patients had drug‐related adverse events (AEs; 16.2%: BI 685509, n = 9; placebo, n = 3), most frequently hypotension (4.1%: BI 685509, n = 2; placebo, n = 1) and diarrhoea (2.7%: BI 685509, n = 2; placebo, n = 0). Four patients experienced AEs leading to study discontinuation (5.4%: BI 685509, n = 3; placebo, n = 1). Placebo‐corrected mean UACRFMV decreased from baseline in the 3‐mg once‐daily (28.8%, P = 0.23) and three‐times‐daily groups (10.2%, P = 0.71) and increased in the 1‐mg three‐times‐daily group (6.6%, P = 0.82); changes were not significant. UACR10h decreased by 35.3% (3 mg once daily, P = 0.34) and 56.7% (3 mg three times daily, P = 0.09); ≥50.0% of patients (UACR10h 3 mg once daily/three times daily) responded (≥20% UACR decrease from baseline).ConclusionsBI 685509 was generally well tolerated. Effects on UACR lowering merit further investigation.
How valuable is FinTech adoption for traditional banks?
Authors: Bian Wenlong , Wang Shihui , Xie Xuanli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examines the effect of FinTech adoption on traditional banks. We employ machine learning and textual analysis to count the number of mentions of FinTech‐related terms in annual reports, and collect the number of FinTech‐related patent applications. Based on a sample of 181 Chinese commercial banks, the results indicate that FinTech adoption has a positive and significant effect on bank performance. The ‘FinTech adoption effect’ appear to be heterogeneous among technology categories and is more pronounced in banks with more tech managers. Last, we examine the impacts of FinTech adoption on bank risk, business transformation and banks' market share.
An investigation of artificial neural network structure and its effects on the estimation of the low‐cycle fatigue parameters of various steels
Authors: Soyer Mehmet Alperen , Tüzün Nail , Karakaş Özler , Berto Filippo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial neural networks (ANNs) are a widely used machine learning approach for estimating low‐cycle fatigue parameters. ANN structure has its parameters such as hidden layers, hidden neurons, activation functions, training functions, and so forth, and these parameters have a significant influence over the results. Three hidden layer combinations, the hidden neurons ranging from 1 to 25, and different activation functions like hyperbolic tangent sigmoid (tansig), logistic sigmoid (logsig), and linear (purelin) were used, and their effects on the low‐cycle fatigue parameter estimation were investigated to determine optimal ANN structure. Based on the results, suggestions regarding ANN structure for the estimation of the low‐cycle fatigue parameters and transition fatigue life were presented. For the output layer and hidden layers, the most suitable activation function was tansig. The optimal hidden neuron range has been found between 4 and 9. The neural network structure with one hidden layer was determined to be most suitable in terms of less knowledge, structural complexity, and computational time and power.
A global satellite observation of phytoplankton taxonomic groups over the past two decades
Authors: Li Zhenghao , Sun Deyong , Wang Shengqiang , Huan Yu , Zhang Hailong , Liu Jianqiang , He Yijun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMarine phytoplankton fuel the oceanic biotic chain, determine the carbon sequestration levels, and are crucial for the global carbon cycle and climate change. In the present study, we show a near‐two‐decadal (2002–2022) spatiotemporal distribution of global phytoplankton abundance, proxy as dominant phytoplankton taxonomic groups (PTGs), with a newly developed remote sensing model. Globally, six chief PTGs, namely chlorophytes (~26%), diatoms (~24%), haptophytes (~15%), cryptophytes (~10%), cyanobacteria (~8%), and dinoflagellates (~3%), explain most of the variation (~86%) in phytoplankton assemblages. Spatially, diatoms generally dominate high latitudes, marginal seas, and coastal upwelling zones, whereas chlorophytes and haptophytes control the open oceans. Satellite observations reveal a gentle multi‐annual trend of the PTGs in the major oceans, indicative of roughly “unchanged” conditions on the total biomass or compositions of the phytoplankton community. Jointly, “changed” status applies to a short‐term (seasonal) timescale: (1) Fluctuations of PTGs exhibit different amplitudes among different subregions, together with a general rule‐more intense vibration in the Northern Hemisphere and polar oceans than other zones; (2) diatoms and haptophytes vary more dramatically than other PTGs in a global‐scale scope. These findings provide a clear picture of the global phytoplankton community composition and can improve our understanding of their state and further analysis of marine biological processes.
Person‐centred sexual and reproductive health: A call for standardized measurement
Authors: Afulani Patience A. , Nakphong Michelle K. , Sudhinaraset May 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerson‐centred sexual and reproductive health (PCSRH) care refers to care that is respectful of and responsive to people's preferences, needs, and values, and which empowers them to take charge of their own sexual and reproductive health (SRH). It is an important indicator of SRH rights and quality of care. Despite the recognition of the importance of PCSRH, there is a gap in standardized measurement in some SRH services, as well as a lack of guidance on how similar person‐centred care measures could be applied across the SRH continuum. Drawing on validated scales for measuring person‐centred family planning, abortion, prenatal and intrapartum care, we propose a set of items that could be validated in future studies to measure PCSRH in a standardized way. A standardized approach to measurement will help highlight gaps across services and facilitate efforts to improve person‐centred care across the SRH continuum.Patient or Public ContributionThis viewpoint is based on a review of validated scales that were developed through expert reviews and cognitive interviews with services users and providers across the different SRH services. They provided feedback on the relevance, clarity, and comprehensiveness of the items in each scale.
Encapsulated papillary carcinoma of the breast: does it have a native basement membrane?
Authors: Ghannam Suzan F , Rutland Catrin S , Allegrucci Cinzia , Mongan Nigel P , Rakha Emad 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundEncapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) is surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule‐like structure, which is interpreted as a thickened basement membrane (BM). This study aimed to describe the geometric characteristics of the EPC capsule and to refine whether it is an expansion of the BM or a stromal reactive process.Material and MethodsIn all, 100 cases were divided into four groups: EPC, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), normal breast tissue and invasive tumours, with an additional encapsulated papillary thyroid carcinoma (EPTC) control group. Representative slides from each case were stained with picrosirius red (PSR) stain and examined using polarised microscopy. Images were analysed using ImageJ, CT‐FIRE, and Curve align image analysis programmes.ResultsCompared to the normal and DCIS BM, the EPC group showed a significant increase of collagen fibre width, straightness, and density, and a decrease of fibre length. The EPC capsule showed less alignment of fibres with a more perpendicular arrangement, and it was enriched with disorganised collagen type I (stromal collagen) fibres. Compared to other groups, the EPC capsule showed significant variation in the thickness, evenness, distribution of collagen fibres, and significant intracapsular heterogeneity. Compared to BM‐like material in the invasive group, the EPC capsule showed a higher density of collagen fibres with longer, straighter, and more aligned fibres, but there was no difference in the distribution of both collagen types I and III. Conversely, compared to EPTC, there were no differences between both EPC and EPTC capsules except that the fibres in the EPC capsule were straighter. Although differences between normal ducts and lobules and DCIS BM collagen fibre density, straightness, orientation, and alignment were detected, both were significantly different from EPC capsule.ConclusionThis study provided evidence that the EPC capsule is a reactive process rather than a thickened native BM characteristic of normal and in situ lesions, which provides further evidence that EPC is an indolent invasive carcinoma based on capsule characteristics.
The limits of using grievance procedures to combat workplace discrimination
Authors: Narayan Ayushi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractI examine the move from phone to online Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) reporting at the United States Postal Service (USPS) to identify the causal impact of grievance procedure use. This shift led to a large increase in sex–based complaints at the USPS in areas with greater access to broadband. However, I observe no commensurate change in sex gaps related to turnover, hiring, and promotions. My results suggest that a 10% increase in sex–based complaints changes the female share in separations or hires by less than 1%. Increased investment in grievance procedures appears unlikely to significantly influence discrimination outcomes.