bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial communities in the phyllosphere are distinct from those in root and soil, and sensitive to plant species changes in subtropical tree plantations
Authors: Yang Hao , Zheng Yong , Yang Zhijie , Wang Quan-Cheng , Lü Peng-Peng , Hu Hang-Wei , Yang Yusheng , He Ji-Zheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeciphering the local diversity and community composition of plant-associated microorganisms is crucial to predict their ecological functions in forest ecosystems. The differences in microbial diversity and community composition between the aboveground and belowground tree compartments remain largely unknown. Here, we examined bacterial communities in the leaf surface (phyllosphere) and root-associated (root and rhizospheric soil) habitats of 13 tree species. Bacterial richness substantially differed across the three compartments, with the highest value observed in rhizospheric soil. Tree species exerted a significant effect on α-diversity of leaf- and soil- but not root-inhabiting bacteria. Bacterial communities were distinct across habitats and were significantly more divergent in leaf- than in root-associated habitats. Leaf nutrients and soil pH and NH4+-N were the main factors regulating leaf- and root-related community composition, respectively. This study highlights that host selection effects on bacterial community structure were more prominent in aboveground than in belowground habitats. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the effect of compartments and subtropical tree species on microbial diversity, with crucial implications for sustainable forest plantation management.
The Outcomes and Interplay of Vocabulary Coping Strategies and Dictionary Skills in Task-Based Reading: An Eye Tracking Study
Authors: Prichard Caleb , Atkins Andrew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis research utilised eye tracking to examine the vocabulary coping strategies and dictionary skills of Japanese English learners in task-based reading. Participants had access to an online dictionary with four definitions per word, including three inapplicable definitions. The interplay and outcomes of reading strategies and dictionary skills were investigated. The research found that performance was not statistically different compared to previous research where participants had access to a dictionary with only the applicable definition. Given the more difficult dictionary, participants more often made regressions to investigate the context in the text, but they did not reduce their dictionary use. Most participants lacked strategic competence while reading, but they demonstrated competence in dictionary skills. In rare instances of failed dictionary use, readers usually had not inspected the context cues in the text. For task-relevant words, participants who re-read context cues and then used the dictionary performed better. Implications for educators and materials developers are discussed.
Preparation of lightweight ceramsite from remediated soil, waste glass and ceramics
Authors: Lao Youliang , An Shujun , Liang Yi , Yang Mengdi , Zhang Tao , Chen Shanshan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Lightweight ceramsite is the core material for building to achieve energy-saving and low-carbon operation. The disposal of remediated soil by Cr (VI)-contaminated waste glass and ceramics after remediation has always been a major problem in the environmental field. Herein, it analyzed the composition and sintering process of the above three solid wastes, after studying the component preparation and firing process, lightweight ceramsites with bulk density and grain density of 626.79 kg/m3 and 1142.56 kg/m3, respectively, were successfully prepared, and the leaching concentration of Cr (VI) was controlled at a low concentration level below 0.06 mg/L. Compared with the conventional ceramsite preparation technology, the method of firing ceramsite by the remediated soil, waste glass and ceramics can effect eliminate the environmental risk of solid waste and effectively reduce the consumption of clay and other resources, which has the technical advantages of safety, reliability, green and low carbon.
Research on cold chain logistics optimization model considering low-carbon emissions
Authors: Tao Ning , Yumeng Han , Meng Fu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCold chain logistics distribution orders have increased due to the impact of COVID-19. In view of the increasing difficulty of route optimization and the increase of carbon emissions in the process of cold chain logistics distribution, a mathematical model for route optimization of cold chain logistics distribution vehicles with minimum comprehensive cost is established by considering the cost of carbon emission intensity comprehensively in this paper.The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1) An improved hybrid ant colony algorithm is proposed, which combined simulated annealing algorithm to get rid of the local optimal solution. 2) Chaotic mapping is introduced in pheromone update to accelerate convergence and improve search efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed method in optimizing cold chain logistics distribution path and reducing costs is verified by simulation experiments and comparison with the existing classical algorithms.
Power transaction game algorithm with microgrid based on residual regression model
Authors: Li Hongjie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDirect transaction between the microgrid and distribution network is the most common market transaction mode. With the rapid expansion of business scale, industry development and diversification of service types, it is easy to cause problems such as opaque transaction data between users and easy tampering of transaction data. To improve the trading ability of the power market in the microgrid group, a game algorithm of power trading with microgrids based on a residual regression model is proposed. According to the power quality level and power sales strategy, a residual regression model is established to balance the characteristic quantity of electricity price. The quadratic function is used to solve the optimal selling strategy of power sales companies, and the threshold of equilibrium solution is analysed. The supply and demand model of the microgrid is established to optimize the decision variables of electricity price in power sales companies, and the fitness value is obtained by particle swarm optimization. The bidding strategy game model of the microgrid power sales company is constructed, and the rules of power transaction settlement are set to realize the transaction settlement between the microgrid and distribution network. The experimental results show that the electricity price is stable, the comprehensive income is high, the user income and cost income are moderate and the profit is high. Thus, it is proven that the proposed method is economical and effective, and the economy of electric energy use is guaranteed while fully considering the self-interest of microgrids.
Evaluation of workplace hypertension preventative and detection service in a Ghanaian University
Authors: Mozu Ivan Eduku , Marfo Afia Frimpomaa Asare , Opare Addo Mercy , Buabeng Kwame Ohene , Owusu-Daaku Frances Thelma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacist-led hypertension screening, preventative and detection services at the workplace.MethodsThis was a prospective study conducted among staff at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology from September 2019 to September 2020. Staff were screened for hypertension and interviewed via a structured questionnaire to gather data on their lifestyle practices and risk of hypertension. Prehypertensive individuals were educated and followed up for 6 months and all participants who had blood pressure consistently above 140/90 mmHg (hypertension) were referred to the University Hospital.Key findingsOut of 162 participants screened, 19 (11.7%) were classified as stage 1 hypertensive, 5 (3.1%) as stage 2 hypertensive and 74 (45.7%) as prehypertensive. The commonest modifiable risk factor identified was body mass index &gt; 25 kg/m2 (99, 61.1%) and physical inactivity (97, 59.9%). Eleven (61%) out of 18 participants referred to the physician were confirmed hypertensive and prescribed medications. After a 6 month follow-up, there was a reduction in the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures (P &lt; 0.05); and 47 (63.5%) out of 74 initially classified as prehypertensive had their blood pressures within the normal range.ConclusionWorkplace preventative and detection services can effectively lead to the identification of risk factors, promotion of lifestyle changes and detection of hypertension. Such services should be integrated into workplace systems to aid the prevention and detection of chronic conditions such as hypertension.
Knockdown of LAMB3 suppressed radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via deactivating NRF2 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhuang Qianru , Liu Guolong , Huang Wenqiang , He Zhijiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy in Southeast Asia and Southern China. Laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) has been validated to participate in diverse cancers. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of LAMB3 in NPC remain unclear. In this study, LAMB3 expression is upregulated in NPC cells and tissues. Interestingly, knockdown of LAMB3 promoted apoptosis and reduced the radioresistance of NPC cells. Besides, shLAMB3 enhanced X-ray-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Mechanically, knockdown of LAMB3 deactivated nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway via enhancing forkhead box 3 (FOXO3) expression. In rescue experiments, suppression of NRF2 signaling pathway abrogated shLAMB3-induced NPC cell apoptosis and ROS accumulation under X-ray treatment. Similarly, LAMB3 knockdown restrains NPC tumor growth and reduces radioresistance in vivo. Thus, these findings concluded that knockdown of LAMB3 enhanced apoptosis and ROS accumulation, and suppressed radioresistance in NPC via enhancing FOXO3 expression and deactivating NRF2 signaling pathway, facilitating the development of novel strategies for NPC radioresistance.
A practical revealed preference model for separating preferences and availability effects in marriage formation
Authors: Goyal Shuchi , Handcock Mark S , Jackson Heide M , Rendall Michael S , Yeung Fiona C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many demographic problems require models for partnership formation. We consider a model for matchings within a bipartite population where individuals have utility for people based on observed and unobserved characteristics. It represents both the availability of potential partners of different types and the preferences of individuals for such people. We develop an estimator for the preference parameters based on sample survey data on partnerships and population composition. We conduct simulation studies based on the Survey of Income and Program Participation showing that the estimator recovers preference parameters that are invariant under different population availabilities and has the correct confidence coverage.
Sulfur in determining seed protein composition: present understanding of its interaction with abiotic stresses and future directions
Authors: Bonnot Titouan , Bachelet Fanélie , Boudet Julie , Le Signor Christine , Bancel Emmanuelle , Vernoud Vanessa , Ravel Catherine , Gallardo Karine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Improving and stabilizing the quality of seed proteins are of growing interest in the current food and agroecological transitions. Sulfur is a key determinant of this quality since it is essential for the synthesis of sulfur-rich proteins in seeds. A lack of sulfur provokes drastic changes in seed protein composition, negatively impacting the nutritional and functional properties of proteins, and leading in some cases to diseases or health problems in humans. Sulfur also plays a crucial role in stress tolerance through the synthesis of antioxidant or protective molecules. In the context of climate change, questions arise regarding the trade-off between seed yield and seed quality with respect to sulfur availability and use by crops that represent important sources of proteins for human nutrition. Here, we review recent work obtained in legumes, cereals, as well as in Arabidopsis, that present major advances on: (i) the interaction between sulfur nutrition and environmental or nutritional stresses with regard to seed yield and protein composition; (ii) metabolic pathways that merit to be targeted to mitigate negative impacts of environmental stresses on seed protein quality; and (iii) the importance of sulfur homeostasis for the regulation of seed protein composition and its interplay with seed redox homeostasis.
Sky-brightness measurements inJ, H, andKs bands at DOME A with NISBM and early results
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Yi-hao , Tang Qi-Jie , Wang Jian , Jiang Peng , Ashley Michael C B , Ji Tuo , Zhang Shao-hua , Feng Qi , Wang Zhi-yue , Zeng Feng , Zhang Hong-fei , Chen Jin-ting , Chen Jie , Jia Ming-hao , Zhang Guang-yu , Zhou Hong-yan , hu Yi , Wang Lifan , Zhu Qing-feng 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe radiance of sky brightness differs principally with wavelength passband. Atmospheric scattering of sunlight causes the radiation in the near-infrared band. The Antarctic is a singular area of the planet, marked by an unparalleled climate and geographical conditions, including the coldest temperatures and driest climate on Earth, which leads it to be the best candidate site for observing in infrared bands. At present, there are still no measurements of night-sky brightness at DOME A. We have developed the Near-Infrared Sky Brightness Monitor (NISBM) in the J, H, and Ks bands for measurements at DOME A. The instruments were installed at DOME A in 2019 and early results of NIR sky brightness from 2019 January–April have been obtained. The variation of sky background brightness with solar elevation and scanning angle is analysed. The zenith sky flux intensity for the early night at DOME A in the J band is in the 600–1100 μJy arcsec−2 range, that in the H band is between 1100 and 2600 μJy arcsec−2, and that in the Ks band is in the range ∼200–900 μJy arcsec−2. This result shows that the sky brightness in J and H bands is close to that of Ali in China and Mauna Kea in the USA. The sky brightness in the Ks band is much better than that in Ali, China and Mauna Kea, USA. This shows that, from our early results, DOME A is a good site for astronomical observation in the Ks band.
On the impact of spectral template uncertainties in synthetic stellar populations
Authors: Byrne C M , Stanway E R 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTUncertainties in stellar population models, both in terms of stellar evolution and stellar spectra, translate into uncertainties in our interpretation of stellar populations in galaxies, since stars are the source of most of the light we receive from them. Observations by JWST are revealing high-redshift galaxies in great detail, which must then be compared to models. One significant source of uncertainty is in the stellar spectra used to generate composite spectra of stellar populations, which are then compared to data. Confidence in theoretical models is important to enable reliable determination of the properties of these galaxies such as their ages and star formation history. Here, we present a comparison of spectral synthesis carried out with six different stellar spectral libraries using the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis framework. In photometric colours, the differences between theoretical libraries are relatively small (&lt;0.10 mag), similar to typical observational uncertainties on individual galaxy observations. Differences become more pronounced when detailed spectroscopic properties are examined. Predictions for spectral line indices can vary significantly, with equivalent widths differing by a factor of 2 in some cases. With these index strengths, some of the libraries yield predictions of ages and metallicities which are unphysical. Many spectral libraries lack wavelength coverage in the ultraviolet, which is of growing importance in the era of JWST observations of distant galaxies, whose flux is dominated by hot, young stars.
Light-curve modelling for the initial rising phase of rapidly evolving transients powered by continuous outflow
Authors: Uno Kohki , Maeda Keiichi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A wind-driven model is a new framework to model observational properties of transients that are powered by continuous outflow from a central system. While it has been applied to fast blue optical transients (FBOTs), the applicability has been limited to post-peak behaviours due to the steady-state assumptions; non-steady-state physics, e.g. expanding outflow, is important to model the initial rising phase. In this paper, we construct a time-dependent wind-driven model, which can take into account the expanding outflow and the time evolution of the outflow rate. We apply the model to a sample of well-observed FBOTs. FBOTs require high outflow rates (∼30 M⊙ yr−1) and fast velocities (∼0.2–0.3c), with the typical ejecta mass and energy budget of ∼0.2 M⊙ and ∼1052 erg, respectively. The energetic outflow supports the idea that the central engine of FBOTs may be related to a relativistic object, e.g. a black hole. The initial photospheric temperature is 105 –106 K, which suggests that FBOTs will show ultraviolet (UV) or X-ray flash similar to supernova shock breakouts. We discuss future prospects of surveys and follow-up observations of FBOTs in the UV bands. FBOTs are brighter in the UV bands than in the optical bands, and the time-scale is a bit longer than that in optical wavelengths. We suggest that UV telescopes with a wide field of view can play a key role in discovering FBOTs and characterizing their natures.
3D hydrodynamics simulations of core convection in supermassive main-sequence stars
Authors: Blouin Simon , Mao Huaqing , Woods Tyrone E , Denissenkov Pavel , Woodward Paul R , Herwig Falk 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Supermassive stars are Population III stars with masses exceeding $10^4\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ that could be the progenitors of the first supermassive black holes. Their interiors are in a regime where radiation pressure dominates the equation of state. In this work, we use the explicit gas dynamics code ppmstar to simulate the hydrogen-burning core of a $10^4\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ supermassive main-sequence star. These are the first three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations of core convection in supermassive stars. We perform a series of 10 simulations at different heating rates and on Cartesian grids with resolutions of 7683, 11523, and 17283. We examine different properties of the convective flow, including its large-scale morphology, its velocity spectrum, and its mixing properties. We conclude that the radiation pressure-dominated nature of the interior does not noticeably affect the behaviour of convection compared to the case of core convection in a massive main-sequence star where gas pressure dominates. Our simulations also offer support for the use of mixing-length theory in one-dimensional models of supermassive stars.
Non-local contribution from small scales in galaxy–galaxy lensing: comparison of mitigation schemes
Authors: Prat J , Zacharegkas G , Park Y , MacCrann N , Switzer E R , Pandey S , Chang C , Blazek J , Miquel R , Alarcon A , Alves O , Amon A , Andrade-Oliveira F , Bechtol K , Becker M R , Bernstein G M , Chen R , Choi A , Camacho H , Campos A , Rosell A Carnero , Carrasco Kind M , Cawthon R , Cordero J , Crocce M , Davis C , DeRose J , Diehl H T , Dodelson S , Doux C , Drlica-Wagner A , Eckert K , Eifler T F , Elvin-Poole J , Everett S , Fang X , Ferté A , Fosalba P , Friedrich O , Gatti M , Giannini G , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Harrison I , Hartley W G , Herner K , Huang H , Huff E M , Jarvis M , Krause E , Kuropatkin N , Leget P-F , McCullough J , Myles J , Navarro-Alsina A , Porredon A , Raveri M , Rollins R P , Roodman A , Rosenfeld R , Ross A J , Rykoff E S , Sánchez C , Sanchez J , Secco L F , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Sheldon E , Shin T , Troxel M A , Tutusaus I , Varga T N , Yanny B , Yin B , Zhang Y , Zuntz J , Aguena M , Allam S , Annis J , Bacon D , Bertin E , Bocquet S , Brooks D , Burke D L , Carretero J , Costanzi M , Pereira M E S , De Vicente J , Desai S , Ferrero I , Flaugher B , Gerdes D W , Gutierrez G , Hinton S R , Hollowood D L , Honscheid K , James D J , Lima M , Menanteau F , Mena-Fernández J , Palmese A , Paterno M , Paz-Chinchón F , Pieres A , Plazas Malagón A A , Rodriguez-Monroy M , Sanchez E , Schubnell M , Smith M , Soares-Santos M , Suchyta E , Swanson M E C , Tarle G , To C , Weaverdyck N , Weller J ,   (The DES Collaboration)
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Recent cosmological analyses with large-scale structure and weak lensing measurements, usually referred to as 3 × 2pt, had to discard a lot of signal to noise from small scales due to our inability to accurately model non-linearities and baryonic effects. Galaxy–galaxy lensing, or the position–shear correlation between lens and source galaxies, is one of the three two-point correlation functions that are included in such analyses, usually estimated with the mean tangential shear. However, tangential shear measurements at a given angular scale θ or physical scale R carry information from all scales below that, forcing the scale cuts applied in real data to be significantly larger than the scale at which theoretical uncertainties become problematic. Recently, there have been a few independent efforts that aim to mitigate the non-locality of the galaxy–galaxy lensing signal. Here, we perform a comparison of the different methods, including the Y-transformation, the point-mass marginalization methodology, and the annular differential surface density statistic. We do the comparison at the cosmological constraints level in a combined galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing analysis. We find that all the estimators yield equivalent cosmological results assuming a simulated Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Year 1 like set-up and also when applied to DES Y3 data. With the LSST Y1 set-up, we find that the mitigation schemes yield ∼1.3 times more constraining S8 results than applying larger scale cuts without using any mitigation scheme.
Modelling star cluster formation: Gas accretion
Authors: Karam Jeremy , Sills Alison 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe formation of star clusters involves the growth of smaller, gas-rich subclusters through accretion of gas from the giant molecular cloud (GMC) within which the subclusters are embedded. The two main accretion mechanisms responsible for this are accretion of gas from dense filaments and from the ambient background of the cloud. We perform simulations of both of these accretion processes onto gas-rich star clusters using coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics to model the gas and N-body dynamics to model the stars. We find that, for both accretion processes, the accreting star cluster loses some of its original mass while gaining mass from either the ambient background or the dense filament. The amount of mass lost from both of these processes is small compared to the total mass of the cluster. However, in the case of accretion from a background medium, the net effect can be a decrease in the total mass of the cluster if it is travelling fast enough through the ambient medium (&gt;4 km s−1). We find that the amount of mass lost from the cluster through filamentary accretion is independent of the density, width, or number of filaments funnelling gas into the cluster and is always such that the mass of the cluster is constantly increasing with time. We compare our results to idealized prescriptions used to model star cluster formation in larger scale GMC simulations and find that such prescriptions act as an upper limit when describing the mass of the star cluster they represent.