bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent and interactive effects of eCO2 and eTemp. on Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) on Maize-A major input for prediction of future pest scenario
Authors: Srinivasa Rao M , Prasad T V , Vanaja M , Gayatri D L A , Srinivas K , Pratibha G , Srinivas  , Rama Rao C A , Prabhakar M , Yadav S K , Bhaskar S , Singh V K 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Climate change is now unequivocal and influences crops and the incidence of insect pests. Understanding the spatially variable, species-specific, and complex effects of climate change is essential in developing an appropriate pest management strategy. The two dimensions of climate change i.e., elevated temperature (eTemp.) and elevated CO2 (eCO2) influence insect herbivores. In the present study, the growth and development of an invasive insect pest, fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize at eCO2 and eTemp conditions using CO2 and temperature Gradient Chambers (CTGC) was estimated. Dilution of bio-chemical constituents was noted with lower leaf nitrogen (9%–14%), higher carbon (3%–11%), higher C : N (18%–26%), and higher tannins (13%) in maize foliage at eCO2+eTemp levels. A significant influence on primary parameters of insect viz., higher total consumption by larvae (38%), extended larval duration (13%) with increased larval weights (17%), and differential pupal weights (14%) in successive generations was recorded at eCO2 + eTemp compared to ambient. Their effect was continued on various insect performance indices also, with higher relative consumption rate, RCR (40%), lower relative growth rate, RGR (11%), and varied approximate digestibility (AD), the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and digested food (ECD) of S frugiperda larvae. The interactive effect of eCO2 and eTemp led to a higher Potential Population Increase Index (PPII) (19%) due to higher fecund adults. The effect of eCO2 offsets the impact of eTemp when interacting together on some of the insect parameters. The present results indicate that eCO2 and eTemp play a key role in influencing the growth and development of S frugiperda indicating higher pest incidence in future climate change periods.
Predicting the work function of 2D MXenes using machine-learning methods
Authors: Roy Pranav , Rekhi Lavie , Koh See Wee , Li Hong , Choksi Tej S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
MXenes, which are graphene-like two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have tunable compositions and exhibit rich surface chemistry. This compositional flexibility has resulted in exquisitely tunable electronic, optical, and mechanical properties leading to the applications of MXenes in catalysis, electronics, and energy storage. The work function of MXenes is an important fundamental property that dictates the suitability of MXenes for these applications. We present a series of machine learning models to predict the work function of MXenes having generic compositions and containing surfaces terminated by O*, OH*, F*, and bare metal atoms. Our model uses the basic chemical properties of the elements constituting the MXene as features, and is trained on 275 data points from the Computational 2D Materials Database. Using 15 different features of the MXene as inputs, the neural network model predicts the work function of MXenes with a mean absolute error of 0.12 eV on the training data and 0.25 eV on the testing data. Our feature importance analysis indicates that properties of atoms terminating the MXene surface like their electronegativity, most strongly influence the work function. This sensitivity of the work function to the surface termination is also elucidated through experimental measurements on Ti3C2. We introduce reduced-order models comprising of ten-, eight-, and five-features to predict the work function. These reduced-order models exhibit easier transferability to new materials, while exhibiting a marginal increased mean average error. We demonstrate the transferability of these reduced order models to new materials, by predicting the work function of MXenes having surface terminations beyond the original training set, like Br*, Cl*, S*, N*, and NH*. Predicting electronic properties like the work function from the basic chemical properties of elements, paves the way towards rapidly identifying tailored MXenes having a targeted range of properties that are required for a specific application.
Condition evaluation of in-service concrete electric poles based on improved multi-granularity cascading forest
Authors: Hengbo Xu , Fengjun Li , Xuan Dong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The collapse accident of in service concrete poles has seriously affected the safe operation of the distribution network. Accurate assessment and reinforcement of concrete poles in danger can greatly reduce the occurrence of concrete pole breaking accidents. In this paper, an improved multi granularity cascade forest model is proposed to predict the safety of concrete poles. Firstly, 12 features are selected. In order to reduce the influence of redundant features on prediction accuracy, the importance of random forest features is used to select features; After sorting the features according to Pearson correlation coefficient, the improved multi granularity scanning strategy (IMGSS) is used to scan the features to preserve the correlation between features. Finally, the weak classifier in the original deep forest is improved, and all of them are replaced by extreme random trees. Bayesian method is used to optimize the hyperparameters in the model. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of the improved multi granularity cascade forest is as high as 92.62%, which is higher than the traditional machine learning algorithm and can effectively evaluate the safety state of concrete poles.
Cobalt nanoparticles cause allergic contact dermatitis in humans
Authors: Midander Klara , Werner Paulina , Isaksson Marléne , Wisgrill Lukas , Lidén Carola , Fyhrquist Nanna , Julander Anneli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Cobalt (Co) causes allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and the emerging use of Co nanoparticles (CoNPs) warrants gaining further insight into its potential to elicit ACD in sensitized individuals.

Objectives
The aims of the study were to clarify to what extent CoNPs may elicit ACD responses in participants with Co contact allergy, and to evaluate whether the nanoparticles cause a distinct immune response compared with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) in the skin reactions.

Methods
Fourteen individuals with Co contact allergy were exposed to CoNPs, CoCl2, a Co-containing hard-metal disc (positive control), and an empty test chamber (negative control) by patch testing. Allergic responses were evaluated clinically by a dermatologist at Days 2, 4 and 7. At Day 2, patch-test chambers were removed, and remaining test-substance and skin-wipe samples were collected for inductive-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Additionally, skin biopsies were taken from patch-test reactions at Day 4 for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, histopathology and ICP-MS analysis of Co skin penetration.

Results
Patch testing with CoNPs elicited allergic reactions in Co-sensitized individuals. At all timepoints, clinical assessment revealed significantly lower frequencies of positive patch-test reactions to CoNPs compared with CoCl2 or to the positive control. CoNPs elicited comparable immune responses to CoCl2. Chemical analysis of Co residues in patch-test filters, and on skin, shows lower doses for CoNPs compared with CoCl2.

Conclusions
CoNPs potently elicit immune responses in Co-sensitized individuals. Even though patch testing with CoNPs resulted in a lower skin dose than CoCl2, identical immunological profiles were present. Further research is needed to identify the potential harm of CoNPs to human health.
Management of anastomotic leakage after robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy with an intrathoracic anastomosis
Authors: de Groot Eline M , Bronzwaer Sebastiaan F C , Goense Lucas , Kingma B Feike , van der Horst Sylvia , van den Berg Jan Willem , Ruurda Jelle P , van Hillegersberg Richard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Anastomotic leakage is a feared complication after esophagectomy and associated with increased post-operative morbidity and mrotality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management of leakage after robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) with intrathoracic anastomosis. From a single center prospectively maintained database, all patients with anastomotic leakages defined by the Esophageal Complications Consensus Group between 2016 and 2021 were included. Contained leakage was defined as presence of air or fluid at level of the anastomosis without the involvement of the mediastinum or thorax. Non-contained leakage was defined as mediastinitis and/or mediastinal/pleural fluid collections. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality and the secondary outcome was successful recovery. In this study, 40 patients with anastomotic leakage were included. The 90-day mortality rate was 3% (n = 1). Leakage was considered contained in 29 patients (73%) and non-contained in 11 patients (27%). In the contained group, the majority of the patients were treated non-surgically (n = 27, 93%) and management was successful in 22 patients (76%). In the non-contained group, all patients required a reoperation with thoracic drainage and management was successful in seven patients (64%). Management failed in 11 patients (28%) of whom 7 developed an esophagobronchial fistula, 3 had a disconnection of the anastomosis and 1 died of a septic bleeding. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the management anastomotic leakage in patients who underwent RAMIE with an intrathoracic anastomosis was successful in 73% of the patients with a 90-day mortality rate of 3%. A differentiated approach for the management of intrathoracic anastomotic leakage is proposed.
Anterior vs. posterior position of dispersive patch during radiofrequency catheter ablation: insights fromin silicomodelling
Authors: Irastorza Ramiro M , Maher Timothy , Barkagan Michael , Liubasuskas Rokas , Berjano Enrique , d’Avila Andre 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo test the hypothesis that the dispersive patch (DP) location does not significantly affect the current distribution around the catheter tip during radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) but may affect lesions size through differences in impedance due to factors far from the catheter tip.MethodsAn in silico model of RFCA in the posterior left atrium and anterior right ventricle was created using anatomic measurements from patient thoracic computed tomography scans and tested the effect of anterior vs. posterior DP locations on baseline impedance, myocardial power delivery, radiofrequency current path, and predicted lesion size.ResultsFor posterior left atrium ablation, the baseline impedance, total current delivered, current distribution, and proportion of power delivered to the myocardium were all similar with both anterior and posterior DP locations, resulting in similar RFCA lesion sizes (&lt; 0.2 mm difference). For anterior right ventricular (RV) ablation, an anterior DP location resulted in slightly higher proportion of power delivered to the myocardium and lower baseline impedance leading to slightly larger RFCA lesions (0.6 mm deeper and 0.8 mm wider).ConclusionsAn anterior vs. posterior DP location will not meaningfully affect RFCA for posterior left atrial ablation, and the slightly larger lesions predicted with anterior DP location for anterior RV ablation are of unclear clinical significance.
Investigation of the Impact of Childhood Immune Imprinting on Birth Year-Specific Risk of Clinical Infection During Influenza A Virus Epidemics in Hong Kong
Authors: Tsang Tim K , Gostic Katelyn M , Chen Sijie , Wang Yifan , Arevalo Philip , Lau Eric H Y , Cobey Sarah , Cowling Benjamin J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Influenza imprinting reduces risks of influenza A virus clinical infection by 40%–90%, estimated from surveillance data in western countries. We analyzed surveillance data from 2010 to 2019 in Hong Kong. Based on the best model, which included hemagglutinin group-level imprinting, we estimated that individuals imprinted to H1N1 or H2N2 had a 17% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3%–28%) lower risk of H1N1 clinical infection, and individuals imprinted to H3N2 would have 12% (95% CI, −3% to 26%) lower risk of H3N2 clinical infection. These estimated imprinting protections were weaker than estimates in western countries. Identifying factors affecting imprinting protections is important for control policies and disease modeling.
Effects of supplementing rice straw with two fodder tree leaves and their combinations on voluntary feed intake, growth, and nitrogen utilization in sheep
Authors: Idan Frank , Adogla-Bessa Tsatsu , Sarkwa Felix O , Frimpong Yaw O , Antwi Christopher 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Fodder tree leaves (FTL) are limitless nutrient resources that provide high-quality feed, particularly during the dry season, improving animal diets, and reducing the use of concentrates in ruminant livestock farming. In order to determine the benefits of FTL, two experiments were conducted to measure the voluntary feed intake, growth performance, and nitrogen utilization of forest-type (FT) sheep fed rice straw (RS) and supplemented with either Leucaena leucocephala (LEU) or Samanea saman (SAM) or their equal combination (LS). For the growth trial (Experiment 1), 12 male FT sheep with mean initial body weight (BW) of 17.0 ± 1.0 kg (mean ± SD) were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments in a Completely Randomized Design. The diets were Urea-treated RS (UTS) (Control), RS + L (LEU), RS + S (SAM), and RS + 50% L + 50% S (LS). After 14 d of adjustment period, feed intakes and refusals were recorded daily, whereas BW was recorded bi-weekly for 12 wk. Four rams weighing 17.0 ± 1.0 kg BW were randomly assigned to the four treatments over a four period in a repeated (4 × 4) Latin square design to estimate the nitrogen (N) balance study (Experiment 2). Treatment diets were the same as that of Experiment 1. Dry matter intake of straw was highest (P = 0.0001) for sheep fed UTS. However, combining L with S increased (P = 0.0001) straw DM intake compared to feeding L or S alone. There was no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05) in total feed intake between sheep offered UTS and LS, but both were significantly higher (P = 0.0001) than those offered LEU and SAM. Body weight gain (3.70 kg) and growth rate (196.15 g/d) were highest (P = 0.0001) for sheep offered LS compared to the other treatment groups. Values for N balance differed (P = 0.0001) among treatment diets. N balance for LUE and LS supplemented diets were higher than that of SAM but all were higher (P = 0.0001) than those offered UTS. Leucaena and Samanea leaves could, therefore, be utilized as supplement to poor-quality straws to improve the productivity of small ruminants especially during the long dry seasons in the tropics.
Mandatory lane-changing modelling based on a game theoretic approach in traditional and connected environments
Authors: Cheng Guozhu , Sun Qiuyue , Bie Yiming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The paper proposes a model of mandatory lane-changing behaviour based on a non-cooperative game in a traditional environment and analyses its applicability in a connected environment. In order to solve the problem of traffic safety and traffic congestion caused by mandatory lane-changing on urban roads, this paper applies the non-cooperative game theory to describe the game behaviour of the two parties, the lane-changing vehicle and the vehicle behind the target lane, in the connected and traditional environments respectively, and constructs the model considering the safety gain, speed gain and lane-changing gain to obtain a game model and the Nash equilibrium solution. The model is calibrated and tested using NGSIM data, and the results of the study show that the model has a good performance for the decision behaviour of lane-changing vehicles and lag vehicles for mandatory lane-changing behaviour on urban roads.
Reviewing Internal Medicine Clerkship Grading Through a Proequity Lens: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Lai Cindy J. , Alexandraki Irene , Ismail Nadia , Levine Diane , Onumah Chavon , Pincavage Amber T. , Jacob Jackcy , Osborn Jenkins Melissa , Nagarur Amulya , Kisielewski Michael , Osman Nora Y. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Equity in assessment and grading has become imperative across medical education. Although strategies to promote equity exist, there may be variable penetrance across institutions. The objectives of this study were to identify strategies internal medicine (IM) clerkship directors (CDs) use to reduce inequities in assessment and grading and explore IM CDs’ perceptions of factors that impede or facilitate the implementation of these strategies.

Method
From October to December 2021, the Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine of the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine conducted its annual survey of IM core CDs at 137 U.S. and U.S. territory–based medical schools. This study is based on 23 questions from the survey about equity in IM clerkship assessment and grading.

Results
The survey response rate was 73.0% (100 of 137 medical school CDs). Use of recommended evidence-based strategies to promote equity in clerkship assessment and grading varied among IM clerkships. Only 30 respondents (30.0%) reported that their clerkships had incorporated faculty development on implicit bias for clinical supervisors of students; 31 (31.0%) provided education to faculty on how to write narrative assessments that minimize bias. Forty respondents (40.0%) provided guidance to clerkship graders on how to minimize bias when writing final IM clerkship summaries, and 41 (41.0%) used grading committees to determine IM clerkship grades. Twenty-three CDs (23.0%) received formal education by their institution on how to generate clerkship grades and summaries in a way that minimized bias.

Conclusions
This national survey found variability among medical schools in the application of evidence-based strategies to promote equity in assessment and grading within their IM clerkships. Opportunities exist to adopt and optimize proequity grading strategies, including development of programs that address bias in clerkship assessment and grading, reevaluation of the weight of standardized knowledge exam scores on grades, and implementation of grading committees.
Effect of pain neuroscience education after breast cancer surgery on pain, physical, and emotional functioning: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial (EduCan trial)
Authors: Dams Lore , Van der Gucht Elien , Devoogdt Nele , Smeets Ann , Bernar Koen , Morlion Bart , Godderis Lode , Haenen Vincent , De Vrieze Tessa , Fieuws Steffen , Moloney Niamh , Van Wilgen Paul , Meeus Mira , De Groef An 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Pain is one of the most common and long-lasting side effects reported by women surgically treated for breast cancer. Educational interventions may optimize the current physical therapy modalities for pain prevention or relief in this population. Pain neuroscience education (PNE) is an educational intervention that explains the pain experience not only from a biomedical perspective but also the psychological and social factors that contribute to it. Through a double-blinded randomized controlled trial (EduCan trial) it was investigated if PNE, in addition to the standard physiotherapy program immediately after breast cancer surgery, was more effective over the course of 18 months postoperatively than providing a biomedical explanation for pain. Primary outcome was the change in pain-related disability (Pain Disability Index, 0-70) over 12 months. Secondary outcomes included change in pain intensity, upper limb function, physical activity level, and emotional functioning over 4, 6, 8, 12, and 18 months postoperatively. Multivariate linear models for repeated (longitudinal) measures were used to compare changes. Preoperative and postoperative moderators of the change in pain-related disability were also explored. Of 184 participants randomized, the mean (SD) age in the PNE and biomedical education group was 55.4 (11.5) and 55.2 (11.4) years, respectively. The change in pain-related disability from baseline to 12 months postoperatively did not differ between the 2 groups (PNE 4.22 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40-7.03], biomedical 5.53 [95% CI: 2.74-8.32], difference in change −1.31 [95% CI: −5.28 to 2.65], P = 0.516). Similar results were observed for all secondary outcomes. Future research should explore whether a more patient-tailored intervention would yield better results.
Change in brain asymmetry reflects level of acute alcohol intoxication and impacts on inhibitory control
Authors: Dubois Julien , Field Ryan M. , Jawhar Sami , Jewison Austin , Koch Erin M. , Aghajan Zahra M. , Miller Naomi , Perdue Katherine L. , Taylor Moriah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlcohol is one of the most commonly used substances and frequently abused, yet little is known about the neural underpinnings driving variability in inhibitory control performance after ingesting alcohol. This study was a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design with participants (N=48) completing three study visits. At each visit participants received one of three alcohol doses; namely, a placebo dose (equivalent Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) = 0.00%), a low dose of alcohol (target BAC=0.04%), or a moderate dose of alcohol (target BAC=0.08%). To measure inhibitory control, participants completed a Go/No-go task paradigm twice during each study visit, once immediately before dosing and once after, while their brain activity was measured with time-domain functional near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-fNIRS). BAC and subjective effects of alcohol were also assessed. We report decreased behavioral performance for the moderate dose of alcohol, but not the low or placebo doses. We observed right lateralized inhibitory prefrontal activity during go-no-go blocks, consistent with prior literature. Using standard and novel metrics of lateralization, we were able to significantly differentiate between all doses. Lastly, we demonstrate that these metrics are not only related to behavioral performance during inhibitory control, but also provide complementary information to the legal gold standard of intoxication (i.e. BAC).