bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating media sentiment with traditional economic indicators: a study on PMI, CCI, and employment during COVID-19 period in Poland
Authors: Kaczmarek Iwona , Iwaniak Adam , Chrobak Grzegorz , Kazak Jan K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Global crises, such as wars or the COVID-19 pandemic, underscore the need for real-time economic monitoring. Traditional economic indicators often fall short, prompting the exploration of alternative data sources, including online and social media content. This study examines the relationship between media sentiment in press articles and traditional economic indicators: the Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI), Consumer Confidence Index (CCI), and average employment in the enterprise sector. We evaluate four pre-trained natural language processing models for sentiment analysis to assess their applicability. The analysis also explores the impact of time shifts in media reporting on the correlation between sentiment scores and economic indicators. Results reveal that a + 24-day shift in article dates produces the strongest correlation with PMI, suggesting media sentiment can predict changes in PMI with a lead time of about 3.5 weeks. Further analysis shows a positive correlation between sentiment scores and the CCI with a + 6-day shift, indicating media sentiment may signal changes in consumer confidence approximately one week in advance. Additionally, a + 70-day shift reveals that media sentiment can predict changes in average employment in the enterprise sector up to 10 weeks before they are officially recorded. These findings highlight the potential of media sentiment as an early indicator of economic trends, emphasizing the importance of considering time dynamics in such analyses. The study demonstrates that sentiment analysis offers valuable insights into economic trends through media reporting, potentially aiding in more timely economic forecasting and decision-making.
Apprentice bot model design and implementation for psychological clients’ therapy
Authors: Gidey Kibrom , Beyene Hailay , Haileslassie Fiseha , Berihu Haben 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Conversational agents play a crucial role in advising clients and providing treatment for mental health issues. In Ethiopia, a developing country with a high prevalence of mental health issues, an AI text-based chatbot has been developed to assist users in addressing these cases. The bot recognizes features such as general knowledge queries, potential mental disorders, auto-generated advice, and client stories. The syntactic and semantic structure of data and user chat's memory network were investigated. Four neural networks (LSTM, single GRU, transposed GRU and double GRU) were experimented with to find the best-fitting deep learning model. The approach uses Amharic word2vec word embedding techniques (skip gram and CBOW) for semantic extraction of Amharic words and a seq2seq model for response generation. An ensemble architecture of generative-based and retrieval-based approaches was employed to handle user dialogue. The scruffy technique was used to generate word embedding, which was then used to extract semantically comparable terms. The model also embedded custom rules for smoothness and error handling. The performance and outcomes of the chatbot were evaluated using cross-validation, data organization, perplexity, accuracy measurement, f-1 score (precision and recall), and human-evaluation methods. The model's accuracy was 79.62%, with a 79.62% likelihood of delivering relevant responses. The results show that the ensemble architecture based on seq2seq modeling with embedded custom rules and Amharic word vector implementation provides pertinent responses for user utterances.
Ecofriendly Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Arthrospira platensis and Their Assessment for Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Anticancer Potency and Alleviation of Copper Stress in Vicia faba (L.) Plant
Authors: Abo-Shanab Walaa A. , Elsilk Sobhy E. , Afifi Salsabil S. , El-Shenody Rania A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by using the metabolites from the cell debris of Arthrospira platensis. ZnO NPs have reduced copper toxicity (Cu2+) in Vicia faba (L.) seedlings, and antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anticancer properties were investigated.

Methods
The ZnO NPs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV–visible spectroscopy.

Results
The characterization of ZnO NPs was spherical and ranged from 11 to 20 nm and FTIR analysis confirmed the nanoparticles with specific absorption peaks. The ZnO NPs exhibited antimicrobial activity, strong antibiofilm activity, and were effective in the cytotoxic killing of Hep-G2 cancer cells. The growth attributes of 21-day-old Vicia faba seedlings were negatively impacted by copper stress. However, applying ZnO NPs at varying doses improved the seedlings' physiological and morphological characteristics.

Conclusion
ZnO NPs have potential applications in enhancing plant tolerance to environmental stress and can be employed as potent anticancer, antibacterial, and antibiofilm agents, with potential benefits in agriculture.
A Blockchain-Assisted Trusted Federated Learning for Smart Agriculture
Authors: Manoj T , Makkithaya Krishnamoorthi , Narendra V G 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Smart agriculture promises to alleviate the burden of climate risks on crop production by leveraging machine learning tasks. These tasks act as a decision support instrument for making well-informed choices by stakeholders in the agricultural value chain. Currently, predictive models in smart agriculture demand a centralized collection of diverse data, fragmented across multiple information systems leading to a single point of failure. The application of the Federated Learning (FL) technique restricts the movement of raw data and trains the model at the data source. However, the FL approach does not ensure trust factors like privacy, authentication, data provenance, transparency and traceability. To address this, a decentralized federated learning framework built on blockchain can be a potential solution. In this study, we introduce a blockchain-based framework called AgriFLChain for trusted federated learning in the context of smart agriculture. We focus on crop yield prediction as an illustrative use case, initially discussing centralized deep learning models (ResNet-16, ResNet-28, CNN-DNN, and CNN-LSTM). We then detail the authentication and data provenance mechanisms for federated learning participants, utilizing blockchain-based Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) and Verifiable Credentials (VCs). We implement these models using vanilla federated learning and Differential Privacy (DP) federated learning approaches, achieving transparency and traceability through smart contracts by recording metadata of model updates into the blockchain. Finally, detailed evaluation demonstrates that AgriFLChain achieves comparable efficiency to centralized models while maintaining scalability in blockchain transactions for higher data volumes.
‘Hmm, they’re not stranger danger’: Facilitating Ethically Open Spaces for Children and Young People
Authors: Bacon Kyal Brian , Lohmeyer Ben Arnold 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The way that children and young people engage within research continues to progress from the historical bio-medical notions of passiveness, towards contemporary, collaborative methodologies, and frameworks. Children and young people have the right to participate meaningfully in processes that affect them, and scholarship surrounding how this happens continues to develop. However, contemporary literature is predominantly concerned with why children and young people engage in research and overlooks how researchers and facilitators work with young people to navigate the contextual influences that shape the way they engage. The qualitative data presented within this paper was collected through two focus groups through which participants aged 8–10 years were asked about their experience in a trauma-informed program in their school. Utilising reflexive thematic analysis, we highlight significant themes in their experience of the facilitation of a trauma-informed program and the subsequent focus groups, including safety, choice, and resistance. By reflexively examining the participant’s experience of the program and the focus groups, this paper adds to current research arguing that researchers must reflect on how young people are engaging in the social context, not just why it is important for them to do so. Furthermore, we provide insight into the social context that informs how young people feel they should be engaging and the impact on the ongoing negotiation of consent in ethically open spaces.
Optimizing structural and magnetic properties of sodium niobate ceramics via Fe and Cu Co-doping for multifunctional applications
Authors: Sharma Daksh , Chaudhary Shristi , Rani Meenu , Jindal Shilpi , Kumar Sanjeev , Dalal Jasvir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Fe and Cu co-doping influences on the structural and magnetic properties of sodium niobate (NaNbO₃) antiferroelectric ceramics were systematically investigated. The doped NaNbO₃ samples were synthesized via solid-state reaction, with doping concentrations of Cu and Fe varying from 0.05 to 0.1 mol%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of dopants into the NaNbO₃ lattice, resulting in a decrease in crystallite size from 56.65 µm in undoped NaNbO₃ to 38.32 µm in samples with the highest dopant concentrations. This structural modification was accompanied by a lattice contraction, with lattice parameters (a, b, c) decreasing as doping increased. Additionally, magnetic analysis via Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) revealed a transition from paramagnetic to weak antiferromagnetic behaviour, with the highest magnetization (0.0025 emu/g) and coercivity (10 Oe) observed at 0.1 mol% doping, attributed to enhanced magnetic coupling due to the presence of Cu2⁺ and Fe2⁺ ions. The significant strain introduced by doping, as indicated by Williamson-Hall analysis, further demonstrates the potential of these materials for applications in advanced dielectric devices and magnetic sensors. The novelty of this study lies in the dual-doping approach, which achieves tailored structural and magnetic properties, enhancing the applicability of NaNbO₃-based ceramics in multifunctional device applications.
Seeing, Feeling, and Hearing the World. A Regenerative Worldview: Rinyi, Pirlirr and Liyan
Authors: Knight Kankawa Nagarra [Olive] , Poelina Anne , Wooltorton Sandra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this communication, the Australian authors – two Indigenous women and one woman with Anglo-Celtic ancestry – take us into Western Australian Indigenous language and worldviews, to help us reach toward a regenerative worldview. Indigenous words such as rinyi, pirlirr, and liyan are explored to point us in a direction unfamiliar to many English speakers, to Land and Country as living and responsive. The authors notice that it is very difficult to describe these terms in English, because English language does not seem sufficiently capacious to describe the depth of relational being-with Country that Indigenous languages portray. This may be changing, as various Indigenous and place-based groups publish their messages to the world. Within a methodology that is poetic and ontological, a storying method is used to illustrate elements of an Indigenous regenerative worldview that highlights the lyrics of life, for hope. It is for change agents who want to be transformative of the ways they participate with Country; and enable children to learn.
Impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus surveillance and decolonization in the NICU: the Texas children’s hospital experience
Authors: Hiermandi Nahid , Foster Catherine , Campbell Judith , Purnell Krystal , Tocco Elizabeth , Koy Tjin , Nobleza Kenneth , Nguyen Duc , Marquez Lucila 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective:
To determine the impact of screening and decolonization on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design:
This is a single-center retrospective cohort study comparing patient characteristics among MRSA-colonized and MRSA-infected infants, rates of MRSA infection before and after screening with targeted decolonization, and MRSA infection among those receiving single or combined decolonization agents.

Setting:
Texas Children’s Hospital Pavilion for Women is a 42-bed level three neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Houston, TX.

Patients:
Neonates admitted to the NICU from 2012 to 2022 were included in analysis of MRSA colonization and infection. The gestational age ranged from 22 weeks to 42 weeks.

Interventions:
The MRSA screening methodology consisted of weekly surveillance PCR or culture on admission until discharge. If positive, infants underwent decolonization consisting of topical intranasal mupirocin, and if meeting the gestational and chronological age-based criteria, topical 2% chlorhexidine wipes and topical intranasal mupirocin.

Results:
The MRSA colonization rate from 2016 to 2022 was 2.2%. Following the screening and decolonization protocol initiated in 2016, there was a sustained downtrend in the rate of MRSA infection. No MRSA-colonized neonates who received both topical mupirocin and Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) developed MRSA infection.

Conclusions:
We observed a decreased rate of MRSA infection in the NICU following implementation of an MRSA screening and decolonization protocol. While our data suggests that the combination of mupirocin and CHG might prevent infection, further studies are needed due to the low prevalence of MRSA infection in our cohort.
Silicified microfossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation along a shelf margin-slope-basin transect in Hunan Province, South China, with stratigraphical implications
Authors: Ouyang Qing , Zhou Chuanming , Xiao Shuhai , Wu Chengxi , Chen Zhe , Lang Xianguo , Shi Hongyi , Sun Yunpeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSilicified microfossils are reported from nine stratigraphic sections of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation deposited in shelf margin, slope, and basin environments in Hunan Province of South China. These microfossils include sphaeromorphic and acanthomorphic acritarchs (15 genera and 29 species, including three new acanthomorph species, Bullatosphaera? colliformis n. sp., Eotylotopalla inflata n. sp., and Verrucosphaera? undulata n. sp.), multicellular algae, tubular microfossils, and other problematic forms, representing major fossil groups similar to those from the Doushantuo Formation in more proximal facies (e.g., inner shelf and shelf lagoon). A database of the abundance and occurrences of Doushantuo acanthomorphs is assembled and analyzed using quantitative and data-visualization methods (e.g., rarefaction analysis, non-parametric multidimensional scaling, and network analysis). The results show that, at the genus and species levels, taxonomic richness of Doushantuo acanthomorphs exhibits considerable variation among facies, but this variation is largely due to sampling and taphonomic biases. The results also show that numerous acanthomorph taxa have broad facies distribution, affirming their biostratigraphic value. The analysis confirms that acanthomorphs in the Weng'an biota of shelf margin facies are composed of a mixture of Member II and Member III assemblages of shelf-lagoon facies in the Yangtze Gorges area. The study shows the biostratigraphic potential of acanthomorphs in the establishment of regional biozones using the first appearance datum of widely distributed taxa, highlighting the importance of continuing exploration of under-sampled Doushantuo sections in slope and basinal facies.UUID: http://zoobank.org/6fc92858-4054-4117-8043-1f06cfe77155
TRIANGULATED CHARACTERIZATIONS OF SINGULARITIES
Authors: LANK PAT , VENKATESH SRIDHAR 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work presents a range of triangulated characterizations for important classes of singularities such as derived splinters, rational singularities, and Du Bois singularities. An invariant called “level” in a triangulated category can be used to measure the failure of a variety to have a prescribed singularity type. We provide explicit computations of this invariant for reduced Nagata schemes of Krull dimension one and for affine cones over smooth projective hypersurfaces. Furthermore, these computations are utilized to produce upper bounds for Rouquier dimension on the respective bounded derived categories.
Mothers of Sierra Leone: Improving Maternal Health through Storytelling
Authors: Kramp Michael , Wakeel Fathima , Murray Ellen , Falatko Hannah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mothers of Sierra Leone leverages the power of filmic storytelling to improve maternal health outcomes in Sierra Leone, a country with one of the planet’s highest maternal mortality rates. Since 2019, we have operated as part of Lehigh University’s Global Social Impact program, working with a team of interdisciplinary students to amplify the voices of Sierra Leonean women rather than transmit Western medical expertise. Our project is based on two premises: (1) we will not solve the healthcare crisis in Sierra Leone through technology and (2) women experience better healthcare outcomes when they are confident and comfortable to advocate for themselves. Our focus group and survey data indicate that our filmic storytelling improves women’s confidence to advocate for themselves and increases their knowledge of available health services. Maternal mortality may be one of the most expansive health challenges facing our planet today because we struggle to comprehend or delimit its parameters, including structural and systemic racism, networks of capitalism, insufficient infrastructure, disparate access to medicine, and patriarchal violence. Our failures to tell public, accessible, and equitable stories about maternal mortality exacerbates and often exoticizes this crisis.
Police interrogation and fraudulent epistemic environments
Authors: Hunt Luke William 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The police are required to establish probable cause before engaging in custodial interrogation. Much custodial interrogation relies on a fraudulent epistemic environment (FEE) in which the police knowingly use deception and dishonesty to gain an advantage over a suspect regarding a material issue, injuring the interests of the suspect. Probable cause, then, is a sort of evidentiary and epistemic standard that legally justifies the police’s use of deceptive and dishonest custodial interrogation tactics that are on par with fraud. However, there are both deontological and consequentialist considerations that show why the police’s use of an FEE is often unjustified. Accordingly, the paper argues that even if the use of an FEE is based on probable cause, there are other (non-epistemic) reasons to think evidence with probative value (such as a confession) should be excluded when derived from an FEE and there is no acute threat of harm to others.
Demographic and Injury Characteristics of Patients Injured in a Hailstorm
Authors: Kokulu Kamil , Sert Ekrem Taha , Özdemir Serdar , Mutlu Hüseyin , Altunok İbrahim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics, injury characteristics, and outcomes of individuals sustaining injuries during a hailstorm in Istanbul, Turkey.

Methods:
In this study, the medical records of 76 patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital after incurring injuries due to hailstorms were retrospectively reviewed. Analyses were performed to identify hailstorm-associated injury profiles, injury mechanisms, patient demographics, and ED resource use.

Results:
Of the 76 patients, 42 (55.3%) were male and 34 (44.7%) were female, with the ages of the patients ranging from five to 79 years. Of the patients, 93.4% presented to the ED within the first eight hours after a hailstorm. The most common injury mechanisms were the direct impact of hailstones on the body surface (36.8%) and slips and falls during escape (35.6%). The most frequently injured anatomical areas were skin (60.5%), head (44.7%), and extremities (16.7%). Significant injuries occurred in only 11.8% of the patients, of whom three were treated surgically and one died. The most common injuries were soft tissue and minor head injuries.

Conclusions:
Severe hailstorms often strike suddenly and can be difficult to predict. In response, EDs must handle a large number of injured patients in the aftermath of a hailstorm. It is important to remember that hailstorms, like other natural disasters, can cause serious injuries.
Identifying Key Polluters: The Feasibility of Applying the Polluter Pays Principle to Marine Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Zhu Ling , Li Xinwei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from shipping contribute meaningfully to climate change. Despite significant efforts of the International Maritime Organization over recent decades, existing measures are still inadequate for achieving net-zero GHG emissions in the shipping sector and multilateral negotiations hold little promise for improvement. This article considers the polluter pays principle (PPP) as an alternative or additional pathway for tackling marine GHG emissions. The article focuses on the challenges in identifying polluters, which is the key issue that must be addressed before the PPP can be applied. Specifically, the article presents an analytical framework and examines various approaches to identifying marine GHG emissions polluters. Firstly, it identifies the polluter from a general perspective, using three approaches: examining the issue broadly, reviewing international conventions and European Union initiatives that incorporate the PPP, and analyzing selected domestic legislation reflecting the PPP. The article then focuses on maritime shipping, considering specifically two types of contract of affreightment – charterparties and bills of lading – while highlighting key factors in identifying the polluter. In conclusion, the assessment of causal links, along with operational and management decisions regarding the vessel, attribute the status of primary polluter to the shipowner, demise charterer, and time charterer.