bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Islam (Coherent): Academic Discourse and the Politics of Language
Authors: Rafii Raha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite the Islamophobic insistence on “Islam” as an alien and hermetically sealed phenomenon in popular and political Anglophone cultures, the field of Islamic and Near Eastern studies—historically subsumed under Oriental studies—has long been studied alongside a multiplicity of pre-Islamic Southwest Asian cultures. Yet the European Orientalist tradition still needed to create a “coherence” out of Islamic history in order to place it within a hierarchy of so-called civilizations. This essay discusses the issues regarding the Orientalist legacy of the terms Middle Ages and medieval in academic Islamic discourse, and how such usage, made to “familiarize” non-European cultures to Anglophone, non-Muslim audiences, served to reinforce Orientalist notions of lack of progress and backwardness in Muslim-majority societies.
Leucodystrophies at children
Authors: Sielwanowska Wiktoria , Syzdoł Bartłomiej , Rzewuska Anna , Żybowska Monika , Chrościńska-Krawczyk Magdalena 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Leukodystrophies involve a diverse group of rare hereditary disorders mostly affecting the white matter of the central nervous system, which straddleses nerves and glial cells. Unfortunately, these conditions are often undervalued by doctors from various specialties. The aim of the article was to present the most common leukodystrophies occurring in children
Material and methods
A review of the most common leukodystrophies based on the available literature. We conducted a systematic literature review. We searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 1997 to 2023.
Conclusions
Leukodystrophies are rare genetic diseases that often present with non-specific symptoms, which can pose diagnostic challenges. Ocular abnormalities and psychomotor delay in the early stages of life should raise suspicion. A combination of symptoms may suggest a pyramidal-extrapyramidal form of cerebral palsy. Therefore, it is crucial to include a head MRI examination in the diagnostic workup and carefully evaluate the findings, as subtle imaging changes can indicate the presence of leukodystrophies. Currently, no causal treatment for leukodystrophies has been developed. Hence, further research is needed to enable the introduction of gene therapies.
Analysis and assessment of the knowledge regarding to exploitation of electrical installations, risks and due to electric shock
Authors: Rektor Natalia , Bronst Paulina , Szabrańska Anna , Mazur Magdalena , Małolepsza Aleksandra , Zach-Źródlak Monika , Rosa Lidia , Czechowska Julia , Laskowski Jakub , Kister Klaudia 
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION
This study presents the dangers due caused by electric shock and how they affect the human body. This is an important issue, because each of the recipients of this study is a user of electrical installations and the number of devices that may carry an unwanted threat is constantly increasing in every household.
AIM OF STUDY
The main purpose of the study is to analyze the knowledge of studied population about low-voltage electrical installations in the places of their residence, as well as the danger and consequences of electrical shock.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In order to verify the level of awareness of household electrical installations users, a survey was conducted, in which participants were given the opportunity to answer questions forming three main research problems.
CONCLUSION
A significant part of the collected results leads to the conclusion that, on average, every second person surveyed has significant shortcomings in basic training in the safe use of electrical installations, as well as its operation and, most importantly, in providing first aid to victims. A relatively large number of respondents are not aware of the need to perform maintenance work, technical inspections and basic activities ensuring safety for them and other household members. Introduction of mandatory prevention and cyclical training, e. g. during periodic building inspections, could be one of the steps to reduce the still high rate of fatal accidents due to electric shock in Poland.
Understanding the molecular basis of vitiligo - a systematic review
Authors: Osuch Magdalena , Gaik Magdalena , Bogacz Rafał , Uram Ewa , Woźniak Justyna , Womperski Karol , Magda Inga 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Vitiligo is a systemic, chronic, hypopigmented dermatosis
of unclear background. The disease is characterized by the selective loss or dysfunction of melanocytes. As a result we can observe various, well and non-squamous depigmentation areas of different size and shape. The pathogenesis of vitiligo is not fully understood, however, the current view is that the etiopathology of this disease is complex
Purpose of the study: Current treatment models are often nonspecific, so it is important to understand the pathomechanism that can help with vitiligo lesions. It will also sensitize researchers to the search for new therapeutic options
Material and methods: Collected scientific articles and guidelines available online of high substantive value. Expressions that were searched in databases: vitiligo, etiology, leptin, pathogenesis, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress
Results and conclusions: The scientific papers and researches cited in the article show that the major role is played by cellular stress and reactive oxygen forms, secondary inflammation or environmental factors. Cellular stress activates autoimmune and autoinflammatory mechanisms that destroy pigment cells. Therefore, there are probably even more mechanisms contributing to the development of vitiligo.
Illness can affect the patient 's quality of life. In recent years, there has been significant progress in understanding the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Effective treatment of vitiligo remains a difficult challenge for both scientists and dermatologists.
Emerging Trends in Gel Nail Allergies: Prevalence, Symptoms, and Occupational Hazards Associated with Acrylate Sensitization
Authors: Zembala Patryk , Zembala Julita , Zembala Roksana , Adamowicz Dominik , Gacoń Ewa , Łopuszyńska Inga 
Published: August 2023

Introduction and objective
Gel nail allergies have become a growing concern in recent years, as individuals experience adverse immune reactions to the chemicals present in gel nail products. The popularity of gel nails, known for their long-lasting and durable finish compared to traditional nail polishes, has increased in the beauty industry. However, specific constituents, particularly acrylate compounds used in gel nail formulations, can trigger allergic responses in susceptible individuals.
Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge
Findings from the reviewed articles indicate that allergic reactions to acrylates in gel nail products can manifest in various ways, including contact dermatitis, dermatoses, and general allergic responses. Nail technicians, due to their frequent exposure to gel nail products and other potential allergens, are particularly vulnerable to occupational hazards associated with acrylate sensitization. These insights highlight the need for preventive measures to protect the health and well-being of nail technicians and promote a safer working environment.
Summary
This literature review addresses the emerging issue of gel nail allergies and provides valuable information regarding the prevalence and characteristics of allergic reactions to acrylates. The article underscores the significance of increasing awareness, implementing preventive measures, and effectively managing gel nail allergies. By doing so, the beauty industry can ensure a safer approach to gel nail applications, benefitting both nail technicians and consumers alike.
The impact of quantitative and semi-quantitative culture of respiratory tract secretions on clinical decisions in a patient with suspected pneumonia – case study
Authors: Kasprzycka Kamila , Węglarz Marcin , Lewkowicz Martyna , Ratuszny Gracjana 
Published: August 2023

Pneumonia is one of the most common disease entities treated in the Intensive Care Unit. The standard diagnostic procedure for patients with suspected pneumonia is to evaluate the presence of symptoms of infection, physical examination, imaging, laboratory and microbiological tests, arterial blood gasometry and culture of respiratory tract secretions. In many Intensive Care Units, the preferred method of collecting material from the lower respiratory tract is an endotracheal aspirate. However, its semi-quantitative culture does not distinguish respiratory tract colonization from infection. Samples obtained by bronchoscopy are believed to be more representative of the presence of true pathogens in the lungs.
An 87-year-old patient with myasthenia gravis was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for suspected pneumonia. Laboratory tests showed elevated inflammatory markers and a chest X-ray showed interstitial densities in the left lower lobe. The result of semi-quantitative culture of tracheal aspirate was heavy growth of Staphylococcus aureus and heavy growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The result of the quantitative BAL culture was S.aureus MSSA 105 colony-forming unit (CFU) per ml, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 102 CFU/ml. To consider a microorganism responsible for infection, the number of bacteria cells must exceed a designated threshold. For BAL it is ≥104 CFU/ml, for TA it is ≥106 CFU/ml, for PSB it is ≥ 103/ml. In this case, the cutoff point for identifying the pathogen responsible for the infection was reached only by Staphylococcus aureus (105 CFU/ml), not by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (102 CFU/ml).
The final diagnosis was left-sided PN1 pneumonia of S.aureus etiology. A cloxacillin was used for the treatment. Clinical improvement was achieved.
The described case proves the advantage of quantitative culture over semi-quantitative culture of respiratory tract secretions. The advantage of bronchoalveolar lavage over tracheal aspirate is also noticeable.
Knowledge and awareness about colorectal cancer and barriers to its screening among a sample of general public in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Baig Mukhtiar , Alshuaibi Razan Obaidallah , Almohammadi Thikra Abdullah , Albeladi Samah Abdulsalam , Zaafarani Faysal Turki Matuq 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
The present study investigated knowledge, awareness, and barriers to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening from a sample of the general population in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2022 and January 2023 among a sample of the general population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, knowledge and awareness, and questions about CRC screening barriers.

Results
A total of 1105 adults belonged to the general public [505 females (45.7%) and 600 males (54.3%)] recruited in this survey. The mean age of the respondents was 39.79±12.49. The internet was the primary source of CC information for most participants, 661(59.8%). Gender-wise comparison of general public responses regarding CRC knowledge and awareness and barriers to screening showed a mixed response. Analysis of participants’ knowledge regarding CRC and its risk factors and warning signs showed that 356(32.2%) people believed that the best age for the CRC test is 41–50 years, and 285(25.8%) responded they don’t know. Almost half of the participants, 539(48.8%), were not interested in attending awareness seminars about CRC, while 371(33.6%) were interested in attending awareness seminars about CRC. Only one-third of the respondents, 368(33.3%), knew of any tests or examinations used to detect CRC. Participants’ perceptions about colonoscopy-related and FOBT-related barriers to CRC screening disclosed that these are time-consuming, expensive, painful, embarrassing, etc.

Conclusion
Insufficient information, poor awareness, and several assumed barriers to CRC screening were found among study participants. There is a need to close knowledge gaps and offer them comprehensive information regarding CRC, as well as the availability and benefits of screening. In this aspect, social media can be extremely beneficial.
Transformasi Spiritual Masyarakat Jawa Kontemprer
Authors: Yuwono Dandung Budi 
Published: August 2023

The life of the Javanese people is full and attached to the mystical world. They are associated with supernatural things, and always do the 'other way'. How to understanding life they perform various rituals, one of which is the ritual on Selasa (Tuesday) Kliwon and Jumat (Friday) Kliwon nights in Parangkusumo. The ritual is an attempt to seek clarity and guidance from the ancestors, namely Panembahan Senopati as the first Islamic Mataram King and Kanjeng Ratu Kidul. This ritual is the embodiment of an 'ingrained' myth about the existence of Kanjeng Ratu Kidul, a spirited creature with powerful powers, the ruler of the southern seas who has enormous supernatural powers, who are believed to be able to give peace to the Javanese people. As a traditional cultural phenomenon, the rituals of the Selasa (Tuesday) Kliwon and Jumat (Friday) Kliwon nights in Parangkusumo are difficult to separate from the daily life of the Javanese. How the ritual process takes place, what is the meaning of the ritual, and is it true that religious identity struggles continue among the Javanese, are the questions that will be answered through this research. This research is a qualitative research using a phenomenological. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of participatory observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis was done interpretively. Another thing, this research will try to see the common thread between the concept of Islam and the Javanese religion which is considered to have a lot to influence the behavior of the Javanese people.
[Kehidupan masyarakat Jawa, penuh dan lekat dengan dunia mistis. Mereka berhubungan dengan hal-hal gaib, dan senantiasa melakukan ‘jalan lain’. Dalam memahami kehidupan mereka melakukan berbagai ritual, salah satunya ritual malam Selasa Kliwon dan Jumat Kliwon di Parangkusumo. Ritual tersebut merupakan upaya mencari kejernihan dan petunjuk dari leluhur, yakni Panembahan Senopati sebagai Raja Mataram Islam pertama dan Kanjeng Ratu Kidul. Ritual tersebut merupakan perwujudan mitos yang ‘mendarah daging’ tentang keberadaan Kanjeng Ratu Kidul, sosok makhluk halus berkekuatan sakti, penguasa laut selatan yang memiliki kekuatan gaib maha besar, yang diyakini dapat memberi ketentraman bagi masyarakat Jawa. Sebagai fenomena kebudayaan tradisional, ritual malam Selasa Kliwon dan Jumat Kliwon di Parangkusumo sulit dilepaskan dari kehidupan sehari-hari orang Jawa. Bagaimana proses ritual itu berlangsung, apa makna ritual, dan benarkah terus terjadi pergulatan identitas religius pada orang Jawa, adalah pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang akan dijawab melalui penelitian ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan perspektif fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi partisipasi dan wawancara mendalam. Adapun analisis data dilakukan secara interpretif. Hal lain, penelitian ini akan coba melihat benang merah antara konsep Islam dengan Agama Jawa yang dianggap banyak mempengaruhi perilaku kehidupan masyarakat Jawa.]
Scaling up a diagnostic pause at the ICU-to-ward transition: an exploration of barriers and facilitators to implementation of the ICU-PAUSE handoff tool
Authors: Cornell Ella G. , Harris Emily , McCune Emma , Fukui Elle , Lyons Patrick G. , Rojas Juan C. , Santhosh Lekshmi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The transition from the intensive care unit (ICU) to the medical ward is a high-risk period due to medical complexity, reduced patient monitoring, and diagnostic uncertainty. Standardized handoff practices reduce errors associated with transitions of care, but little work has been done to standardize the ICU to ward handoff. Further, tools that exist do not focus on preventing diagnostic error. Using Human-Centered Design methods we previously created a novel EHR-based ICU-ward handoff tool (ICU-PAUSE) that embeds a diagnostic pause at the time of transfer. This study aims to explore barriers and facilitators to implementing a diagnostic pause at the ICU-to-ward transition.

Methods
This is a multi-center qualitative study of semi-structured interviews with intensivists from ten academic medical centers. Interviews were analyzed iteratively through a grounded theory approach. The Sittig-Singh sociotechnical model was used as a unifying conceptual framework.

Results
Across the eight domains of the model, we identified major benefits and barriers to implementation. The embedded pause to address diagnostic uncertainty was recognized as a key benefit. Participants agreed that standardization of verbal and written handoff would decrease variation in communication. The main barriers fell within the domains of workflow, institutional culture, people, and assessment.

Conclusions
This study represents a novel application of the Sittig-Singh model in the assessment of a handoff tool. A unique feature of ICU-PAUSE is the explicit acknowledgement of diagnostic uncertainty, a practice that has been shown to reduce medical error and prevent premature closure. Results will be used to inform future multi-site implementation efforts.
Changes in Physical Performance Throughout Professional Soccer Match-Play
Authors: Oliva-Lozano José M. , Granero-Gil Paulino , Panascì Marco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oliva-Lozano, JM, Granero-Gil, P, and Panascì, M. Changes in physical performance throughout professional soccer match-play. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 123–127, 2024—The aim of this study was to explore the changes in physical performance by playing position throughout professional soccer match-play. Global Positioning Systems were used for the collection of external load measures during 35 matches. Each match was divided into 15-minute periods. Physical performance varied according to the period in distance covered (F = 25.69; p < 0.001; partial eta-squared [ηp2] = 0.11), sprinting distance (SPD, F = 4.35; p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.02), sprinting actions (SPAs, F = 5.19; p < 0.001), high-intensity accelerations (Acc+3, F = 2.18; p = 0.05; ηp2 = 0.01), high-intensity decelerations (Dec+3, F = 4.51; p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.02), and high-metabolic load distance (HMLD, F = 5.59; p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.03). The period with the greatest mean physical performance was usually from the first half of the matches: 0–15 minutes (distance, Acc+3, and Dec+3) and 30–45 minutes (HMLD, SPA, and SPD). However, the lowest mean physical performance compared with the rest of 15-minute periods was observed in the 60–75-minute period (distance, HMLD, Acc+3, and Dec+3), except for SPA and SPD (15–30 minutes and 75–90 minutes). Overall, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the physical performance between the extratime periods. In addition, the playing position had a significant effect on all performance variables (F = 39.99–133.29; p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.14–0.34). Central defenders showed the lowest physical performance throughout the periods of match-play, whereas wide midfielders showed the greatest physical performance in all variables, except for distance covered, in which midfielders had the greatest performance. In conclusion, there were changes in physical performance during the matches depending on the period of match-play and playing position.
Feasibility and impact of haplogroup matching for mitochondrial replacement treatment
Authors: Takeda Yuko , Hyslop Louise , Choudhary Meenakshi , Robertson Fiona , Pyle Angela , Wilson Ian , Santibanez‐Koref Mauro , Turnbull Douglass , Herbert Mary , Hudson Gavin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMitochondrial replacement technology (MRT) aims to reduce the risk of serious disease in children born to women who carry pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants. By transplanting nuclear genomes from eggs of an affected woman to enucleated eggs from an unaffected donor, MRT creates new combinations of nuclear and mtDNA. Based on sets of shared sequence variants, mtDNA is classified into ~30 haplogroups. Haplogroup matching between egg donors and women undergoing MRT has been proposed as a means of reducing mtDNA sequence divergence between them. Here we investigate the potential effect of mtDNA haplogroup matching on clinical delivery of MRT and on mtDNA sequence divergence between donor/recipient pairs. Our findings indicate that haplogroup matching would limit the availability of egg donors such that women belonging to rare haplogroups may have to wait > 4 years for treatment. Moreover, we find that intra‐haplogroup sequence variation is frequently within the range observed between randomly matched mtDNA pairs. We conclude that haplogroup matching would restrict the availability of MRT, without necessarily reducing mtDNA sequence divergence between donor/recipient pairs.
Functional analysis reveals driver cooperativity and novel mechanisms in endometrial carcinogenesis
Authors: Brown Matthew , Leon Alicia , Kedzierska Katarzyna , Moore Charlotte , Belnoue‐Davis Hayley L , Flach Susanne , Lydon John P , DeMayo Francesco J , Lewis Annabelle , Bosse Tjalling , Tomlinson Ian , Church David N 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh‐risk endometrial cancer has poor prognosis and is increasing in incidence. However, understanding of the molecular mechanisms which drive this disease is limited. We used genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) to determine the functional consequences of missense and loss of function mutations inFbxw7,PtenandTp53, which collectively occur in nearly 90% of high‐risk endometrial cancers. We show thatTrp53deletion and missense mutation cause different phenotypes, with the latter a substantially stronger driver of endometrial carcinogenesis. We also show thatFbxw7missense mutation does not cause endometrial neoplasia on its own, but potently accelerates carcinogenesis caused byPtenloss orTrp53missense mutation. By transcriptomic analysis, we identify LEF1 signalling as upregulated inFbxw7/FBXW7‐mutant mouse and human endometrial cancers, and in human isogenic cell lines carryingFBXW7mutation, and validate LEF1 and the additional Wnt pathway effector TCF7L2 as novel FBXW7 substrates. Our study provides new insights into the biology of high‐risk endometrial cancer and suggests that targeting LEF1 may be worthy of investigation in this treatment‐resistant cancer subgroup.