bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formálódó peremterületek: a szegénység és a jóléti szuburbanizáció egymás mellett élése hazai városok példáján
Authors: Vasárus Gábor László , Szalai Ádám 
Published: March 2023

A hazai településhálózat sajátossága, hogy a települések magját alkotó belterületek mellett a külterületeken és a belőlük létrehozott egyéb belterületeken is életvitelszerűen laknak. A vidéki centrumok újrastruktúrálódó peremterületein a térfolyamatok települési szint alatt is differenciálódnak, gyorsan városiasodó terek mellett rurális zárványok alakulnak ki. Kutatásunk során Győr, Szeged, Zalaegerszeg valamint Hódmezővásárhely és környezetük mintaterületén vizsgáltuk meg, hogy a szegregáció hogyan jelenik meg a helyi lakosság és a döntéshozók diskurzusában, továbbá megpróbáltuk feltárni néhány, a szegregáció fennmaradásához hozzájáruló településföldrajzi és jogi tényezőt.
A felmérés alapján az etnikai szegregáció mellett jelentős a jövedelmi különbségekre visszavezethető elkülönülés, és esetenként a külterületek földrajzi izolációja miatt az ott élők súlyos hátrányokat szenvednek el. 1990 után és a 2008-ban kibontakozó pénzügyi válság következtében a prekariátushoz tartozó háztartások nagy arányban áramlottak ezekre a területekre, nagyrészt a városból kiszorulók, vagy a távoli vidéki falvakból az elhelyezkedés reményében érkezők. A társadalmi tőkék torzult jellegéből adódóan a megkötő tőke túlereje, a városvezetők társadalmi problémák felett „szemet hunyó” gyakorlata mellett a földügyi és építészeti szabályozás is hozzájárult ahhoz, hogy a rendszerváltástól napjainkig szegregátumok alakuljanak ki, azonban a helyi diskurzusban jóval több területet tartanak számon szegregátumként, mint ahány a terepi felmérés alapján ténylegesen annak tekinthető.
Determinación de Áreas de Concentración Económica Rural (ACER) mediante análisis espacial para la conformación del marco del Censo Económico colombiano
Authors: García Vélez Gustavo Adolfo , Durán Gil Carlos Alberto 
Published: March 2023

Treinta años han pasado desde la realización del único censo económico en Colombia, y para el desarrollo de un nuevo operativo censal, se hace necesario contar con un marco estadístico que garantice el cubrimiento de las unidades económicas del país. Teniendo en cuenta que las zonas rurales presentan características particulares respecto a la localización y proximidad de la actividad económica, lo que puede impactar los costos y tiempos del operativo censal, se planteó una metodología de alcance exploratorio y descriptivo, soportada por el uso de fuentes diversas, y la aplicación de técnicas de análisis espacial, con el fin de determinar las Áreas de Concentración Económica Rural (ACER), fundamentadas en la localización, proximidad y aglomeración de las unidades económicas. De esta manera, se logró la estructuración de 5.537 ACER ubicadas en el 80% de las divisiones de segundo nivel territorial, con tendencia central en su mediana de cinco establecimientos y una superficie de 15,6 hectáreas. Aunque no se tienen referentes similares de este tipo, la determinación de estas áreas se basó en obtener consistencia temática y geográfica, a partir de las fuentes empleadas, y la configuración de aglomeraciones espaciales. Ahora bien, al ser un método de alcance exploratorio, está abierto a mejoras y retroalimentación continua, buscando ser un referente en la conformación de marcos estadísticos.
Identification of grape berry indigenous epiphytic yeasts with <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> antagonistic activity towards pathogenic fungi
Authors: Ayogu Peter , Teixeira António , Gerós Hernâni , Martins Viviana 
Published: March 2023

During their lifespan, grapes are exposed to conditions that can endanger plant health, including fluctuating climate and infection by pests and insects. In particular, attacks by filamentous fungi represent huge annual losses for grape farmers. Present concerns about rising antimicrobial resistance, fungicide prohibitions and shifting consumer tastes are driving the search for less harmful ways of preventing damage to grapevine by pathogenic fungi. In this study, the antagonist activity of yeasts isolated from grape berry surface microbiota was assessed by in vitro and in vivo assays on an assortment of grapevine fungal pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea and Aspergillus niger. The results show that W. anomalus, A. pullulans, C. intermedia, R. glutinis, Z. meyerae and H. takashimae were able to inhibit by 75 to 100 % mycelia growth and sporulation of the filamentous fungi in vitro. Strains of M. pulcherrima and S. bacillaris also showed 50 to 75 % efficacy in reducing mould growth. The strains were further assessed on incised leaves of 2-month-old grapevines for their ability to reduce disease incidence by the filamentous fungi. W. anomalus, A. pullulans, M. pulcherrima, C. intermedia and R. glutinis significantly reduced infection symptoms in the leaves, indicating their potential as effective biocontrol yeasts in the vineyard.
The Effect of Body Mass Index on the Relative Revision Rates of Cemented and Cementless Unicompartmental Knee Replacements
Authors: Mohammad Hasan R. , Judge Andrew , Murray David W. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Unicompartmental knee replacements (UKRs) are being performed in an increasingly overweight population. There are concerns that cemented fixation will not last. Cementless fixation may offer a solution, but the relative performance in different body mass index (BMI) groups remains unknown.

Methods:
Ten thousand, four hundred and forty cemented and cementless UKRs were propensity matched. Patients were stratified into 4 BMI groups: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 to <25 kg/m2), overweight (25 to <30 kg/m2), and obese (≥30 kg/m2). The effect of BMI on the relative performance of UKR fixation groups was studied. Cox regression was used to compare revision and reoperation rates.

Results:
The revision rate per 100 component-years significantly increased (p < 0.001) with BMI for the cemented UKRs. Revision rates per 100 component-years for the normal, overweight, and obese groups were 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91 to 0.93), 1.15 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.16), and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.30 to 1.33), respectively. This was not observed for the cementless UKR, with revision rates of 1.09 (95% CI, 1.08 to 1.11), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.71), and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.95 to 0.97), respectively. The 10-year implant survival rates for the matched cemented and cementless UKRs in the normal, overweight, and obese groups were 93.8% (95% CI, 89.1% to 96.5%) and 94.3% (95% CI, 90.9% to 96.5%) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; p = 0.63), 88.5% (95% CI, 84.2% to 91.7%) and 93.8% (95% CI, 90.2% to 96.2%) (HR, 0.61; p = 0.005), and 90.7% (95% CI, 88.2% to 92.6%) and 91.8% (95% CI, 88.9% to 94.0%) (HR, 0.74; p = 0.02), respectively. There were insufficient numbers in the underweight group for analysis (n = 13). Obese patients had less than half the rates of aseptic loosening (0.46% vs. 1.31%; p = 0.001) and pain (0.60% vs. 1.20%; p = 0.02) in the cementless group as compared with the cemented group.

Conclusions:
Higher-BMI groups had higher revision rates for the cemented UKRs but not for the cementless UKRs. Cementless fixation was associated with reduced long-term revision rates compared with cement fixation in the overweight and obese groups. In the obese group, the rates of aseptic loosening and pain were at least 50% lower in the cementless UKR group.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Can the same statistics module be used for service teaching by tailoring the support based on the student’s chosen qualification?
Authors: Calvert Carol , Hilliam Rachel , Steele Emma 
Published: March 2023

At the Open University in the UK, students taking undergraduate degree qualifications in areas such as Data Science and Economics are now the largest cohort of students on a second-year undergraduate statistics module, originally written for specialist mathematics and statistics students. This paper outlines an ongoing project to identify how more targeted support could be provided to students who are studying non-mathematics and statistics qualifications. This has involved engaging all the tutors who provided support in the project to create a new way of adapting their teaching styles and tutorial content. By grouping students who had similar qualification goals together and linking these groups to individual tutors, the new way of working created an atmosphere where students feel able to share their own misunderstandings and see how statistics is useful within their chosen qualifications.
Adapting successful online activities for in-person classes - a new challenge
Authors: Russell Ewan 
Published: March 2023

Over the past few years, discussion across the sector has rightly been concentrated on how to provide a valuable and engaging online experience for students. The shift back to in-person classes has left many practitioners considering whether there are any lessons from the necessary shift to online teaching that can be applied to in-person teaching. This article will cover experiences stemming from a welcome but unanticipated dilemma - the live online classes for the module in question were extremely popular with students in 2020/21. How should the lecturer approach the return to in-person sessions? Activities for live online classes were designed as consolidation "games" which sought to encourage peer learning and discussion. The positive response to these activities encouraged the lecturer to pursue a flipped classroom model for the 2021/22 academic year. This article will discuss the various considerations when planning the transition to in-person classes for the 2021/22 academic year. In addition to reflections from the lecturer on the experience, this case study will also present preliminary findings from a formal study aiming to determine whether the activities have any positive effects on student confidence. Specifically, the study will investigate student confidence in areas such as working with peers, preparing for a class using online resources, and communicating mathematics in a written format.
Real-Time Anomaly Detection Methodology for Drilling Fluids Properties
Authors: Borges Filho Moacyr Nogueira , Mello Thalles Pereira , Scheid Cláudia Miriam , Calçada Luís Américo , Waldman Alex Tadeu , Teixeira Gleber , Martins André Leibsohn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Online drilling fluid measurement technologies are popping up in the industry as an essential tool for drilling automation, while online density measurements are widespread, the availability of rheology measurements is increasing fast and additional properties (o/w ratio, solids content, electrical stability, filtration, etc) appear as field trials. This article presents the concept of a supervisory/ advisory systems dedicated to support the detection of abnormal events and to provide guidelines for fluid treatment actions.
The proposed methodology consisted of two stages: experimental data acquisition in a flow loop and data processing for the validation of the algorithm. In the data acquisition stage, multiple properties of the drilling fluids were continuously measured by using automatic sensors. In the second stage, the drilling fluid's properties were processed in a fault detection algorithm. The algorithm used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to train the process model through the calculation of the principal components of the steady state of the fluid, which represents the healthy state of the drilling fluid.
Once the process was trained, the algorithm monitored new data samples obtained in the data acquisition stage and compared them to the trained model by calculation of the mean square prediction error (MSPE) of the model and the T² of Hoteling. Persistent changes in MSPE and T² values indicated that an anomaly was occurring in the drilling fluid. The new methodology was validated based on the data obtained in a flow loop where fluid properties were monitored using online sensor under different operational conditions. The algorithm was able to detect faults and anomalies in the drilling fluid even identifying the source of the anomalies through the decomposition of the MSPE and T² statistics. The proposed algorithm performed well in real-time conditions, pointing out that it can be used as a diagnostic tool in-field oil well drilling operations.
Mitigation of Drilling Dysfunction: Data Analysis and Physical Modelling Shine a New Light on HFTO
Authors: Johnson Ashley , Balka Muhammad Sarfraz , Bhoite Sameer , Crerar Paul , Simon Aaron , Quinones John 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
High frequency torsional oscillation (HFTO) is still one of the most disruptive drilling dysfunctions we encounter. Vibrations are observed with fundamental frequencies as high as 400 Hz and torque sweeps from 0 to 7000 lbf.ft. The resulting damage includes drilling collar cracking, damaged electronics, and backed-off tools.
By measuring the amplitude and the fundamental frequency of this dysfunction, we present a model to characterize its drivers. This is a critical step in defining the mitigation strategies.
Although there are a multitude of drilling dynamics tools deployed to record these effects, the nature of HFTO, with large amplitude harmonics on top of the fundamental modes, means that simply deploying a sensor and data acquisition tool is not sufficient to characterize the dysfunction. There are critical requirements for these recorders in terms of sampling frequency and anti-aliasing filters, without which a unique interpretation of the dynamics is impossible.
We have a next-generation MWD tool that will detect HFTO. By calculating a fast fourier transform (FFT) in real time, it will also deliver a log of HFTO throughout the operation, that can be delivered to the driller in real time.
With this we have developed and demonstrated a suite of mitigation strategies. These are specific to the type of HFTO detected and include increasing the collar speed or reducing the WOB (for Type 2) or reducing the rate at which the WOB is increased (for Type 1). We also show that by changing the contact points on the tool to reduce the side force (friction), the operator can mitigate the Type 2 HFTO and achieve a considerable improvement on this drilling dysfunction and its impact.
New One BHA Solution for High Dogleg Severity Curve and Lateral Drilling
Authors: Noel Anan , Mendoza David , Li Denis , Perez Freddy , Andreasen Greg , Tang Kien Hoe , Buitrago Oscar , Sardjono Ryan , Oluwadare Sola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The highly productive Permian Basin requires wells with high dogleg severity (DLS) curve and long lateral sections. After many years of development and participation by all major industry players, most 8.5in size wells are still being drilled using two bottomhole assemblies (BHAs); one for the curve and a second for the extended lateral section. This increases cost, time, and risks. With development of our new solution, curve and lateral sections of Permian wells can now be consistently drilled in one run.
Using in-house digital modeling and dynamic drilling simulation software of the complete drilling system and complex lithology profiles, design attributes were evaluated for directional performance before initial prototypes were created. These models increased efficiency and cost savings in the design process.
Analysis revealed that shortening the distance from the RSS pad actuators to the bit (L1), increases the build-rate capability, increases the DLS output in the curve section, and provides tight trajectory control in long laterals. The system design also has a proprietary bit box connection and polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters on the bias unit.
Prototype testing was done on high-DLS curve and lateral wells with major operators delivering wells per client requirements. The new solution successfully landed high DLS curve sections in 14 wells. The solution achieved a new milestone of delivering the 8.5-in curve on target and much faster than the conventional motor in the same application. After the curve sections the same BHA drilled into the long lateral section without making a trip between the curve and lateral sections. Several records were broken in some of these 14 wells, including 19% more daily footage than the previous record. Almost all these wells were also drilled using a remote operations center utilizing latest digital capabilities, reducing onsite footprint. Based on the most conservative figures from field test results and projected usage, the increased efficiency and faster well delivery time can significantly impact sustainability, reducing CO2 emissions per well drilled by this new solution.
Numerical Simulation of Production Declines in Tight Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Altman Raphael , Tineo, Roberto , Afifi Mostafa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tight naturally fractured carbonates are "hybrids" between conventional and unconventional reservoirs and are becoming increasingly important in an operator’s portfolio. Wells produce if natural fractures are present and not damaged. Otherwise, large stimulation jobs are required. The steep initial production declines in these reservoirs are influenced by matrix-fracture transients, near-wellbore damage / production impairment, and factors that that cause the natural fracture conductivity to change (decrease) during the production. In this paper we focused on the simulation of the matrix-fracture transient.
Our work focused on reservoir simulation of naturally fractured carbonates with matrix permeabilities in the 0.0001 to 0.1mD range. We used our existing knowledge from simulating these reservoirs to build conceptual models for modelling transient behavior in these reservoirs. We considered dynamic models with both structural and unstructral grids to understand the impact of these in modelling production transient effects. The structural grid simulations used 100m by 100m gridcells with dual porosity, while the unstrucutral grids were built using a single porosity (SP) and complex gridding with variations in grid size to capture natural fractures.
History matching production data using conventional simulation models was challenging because families of natural fractures are typically not uniform as we move away from the wellbore and large structural grids will have difficult capturing this discontinuity. In these scenarios we have seen that dual porosity structural grids will provide too much pressure support causing the well’s simulated bottom hole pressure to be overestimated. Conversely, SP models with complex unstructured grids gave much better results. They were effective in matching the data after the initial production decline because of greater accuracy in accounting for the matrix contribution. They also provide a more accurate representation of discrete fracture network models as opposed to an upscaled approximation.
Production decline rates in tight naturally fractured reservoirs can be highly variable and have a strong impact on EUR and project economics. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that influence these declines and modeling them accurately through fit-for-purpose dynamic simulations as shown in this work, are an important step for optimizing the development of these reservoirs.
Integrated Rock Physics Model to Predict Sweet Spots in an Unconventional Jurassic Carbonate Source Rock
Authors: Mohammed Ammar , Altowairqi Yazeed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The exploration of unconventional hydrocarbon resources mainly targets the tight source rock reservoirs where hydraulic fracturing is needed for an effective hydrocarbon production. This project aims to predict new areas with high hydrocarbon production potential that can be effectively stimulated/fractured, known as sweet spots, in a tight Jurassic carbonate source rock.
A rock physics model was developed to link the seismic properties to rock properties of the target formation. Three main rock properties are used in this study to define the sweet spots: total organic content (TOC), Young's modulus (YM) and Poisson's ratio (PR). TOC is a geochemical property that is related to the production potential and is obtained in the laboratory from core, while YM and PR are rock elastic properties that are related to the frackability and are obtained from density and sonic (compressional and shear) logs. Sweet spots are generally characterized by high values of TOC, high values of YM and low values of PR. Using well data, these three properties were cross-plotted against two derivative elastic properties (lambda-rho and mu-rho) that are calculated using sonic (compressional and shear) and density logs to obtain a linear relationship. Lambda and mu are measures of incompressibility and shear rigidity, respectively, while rho is density. Cutoffs of lambda-rho and mu-rho were chosen to represent the sweet spots. The distribution of sweet spots in the study area was then mapped using a rock physics model that is built by integrating two inverted 3D seismic volumes; lambda-rho and mu-rho.
Results show that sweet spots are characterized by low values of lambda-rho and mu-rho, and are well distributed in the study area. In addition, results show that TOC has an inverse relationship with frackability which means that there should be a balance between reservoir quality and completion quality when targeting sweet spots for more economical hydrocarbon production.
Investigation of Thermal Fracturing and Permeability Enhancement in Tight and Shale Rocks During In-Situ Heating
Authors: Wei Zijian , Sheng James , Zhou Yicheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Thermal fracturing could lead to a remarkable enhancement in rock permeability, which is quite crucial for unconventional reservoirs. This study focuses on assessing the capacity of thermal fracturing and permeability improvement in tight and shale reservoirs, and mathematically characterizing the essential relationship between them during the in-situ heating (ISH) process. For this purpose, ISH treatment, pulse-decay permeability (PDP) testing, and computerized tomography (CT) scanning for core samples from tight sandstone and shale reservoirs was carried out in real-time on a self-designed apparatus to explore the dynamic evolutions in permeability and thermal crack during the ISH process. Experimental studies reveal that only the temperature exceeding the critical value of 500 °C, some thermal cracks propagate quickly on a small scale and form a complicated crack system in situ, therefore causing a permeability increment to 11.23 and 29.82 times. Synergizing the mechanism analysis of thermal activity and geochemical data, the large difference in mineral thermal expansion coefficient (DTEC) arising from α/β phase transition in quartz (α/β-QPT) at 573 °C is demonstrated to be the most critical mechanism for thermal fracturing in two rocks. On the basis of crack geometry, thermo elasticity, fracture mechanics, and percolation theory, a permeability model is established. α/β- QPT is fully proven as a dominant reaction through incorporating it into our model and getting preferable permeability matching. Practical guidance and prospect for the actual variations in physical properties of ultra-low permeability reservoirs in situ stimulated by thermal recovery could be provided by this work.