bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of glucolipid metabolism and oxidative stress in breeding pigeons (Columba livia) during lactation
Authors: Peng Jie , Huang Weiying , Yang Menglin , Gao Hongyan , Lv Yantao , Gou Zhongyong , Wang Ziying , Wang Wei , Huang Yanhua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBreeding pigeons is a fundamental source of profit in various enterprises but little is known on the metabolic laws governing their lactation. In this study, we analysed the metabolic profile of different sex of breeding pigeons (Columba livia, European pigeons, Mimas) during lactation. We found that male pigeons exhibited catabolism during lactation. Extension of lactation resulted in increased weight loss, then slow recovery of body weight. Conversely, the weight loss in female pigeons peaked on the seventh day of lactation. They then gradually recovered their body weight. Male pigeons showed more duration of combing, while female pigeons showed more duration of resting. In male pigeons, except for triglyceride (TG), which increased, blood lipid indexes barely changed during lactation. Conversely, in females, both TG and total cholesterol increased in middle and late lactation. The level of oxidative stress in female pigeons during lactation was higher than in males, lipid peroxide malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), plasma calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels increased in late lactation. Levels of estradiol and progesterone in female pigeons increased during lactation, whereas those of luteotropic hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone gradually decreased. As per LC‐MS spectra analysis, the differential metabolites in the plasma on the day of hatching and before laying in female pigeons in lactation were enriched in retrograde endocannabinoid signalling, α‐linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, choline, glycerophospholipid metabolisms, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradations. Levels of fatty acids, amino acids, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylinositol related to the secretion of pigeon milk had reduced, whereas the levels of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and TG, which are all related to egg production, had increased. In conclusion, our study systematically revealed the different metabolic characteristics of male and female breeding pigeons during lactation. This is useful for precision feeding of pigeons and applicable in nutritional interventions for improved production.
First recognition of the extinct eudicot genus Palibinia in North America: Leaves and fruits of Palibinia comptonifolia (R.W.Br.) comb. nov. from the Eocene of Utah and Colorado, USA
Authors: Manchester Steven R. , Judd Walter S. , Kodrul Tatiana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNewly investigated leafy twigs bearing axillary fruits from the Eocene Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation in eastern Utah, USA, have provided more information on the species previously attributed to the Proteaceae as Banksia comptonifolia R.W.Br. The leaves are simple, estipulate with short petioles, and elongate laminae with prominent angular nonglandular teeth. The laminae have a thick midvein and pinnate craspedodromous secondaries, and are distinctive in the presence of a thick, often coalified, marginal rim. Vegetative and reproductive buds occur in the axils of the leaves. These features indicate that the species belongs to Palibinia Korovin—an extinct Eudicot genus previously known only from the Paleogene of Asia and Europe. Small pedicellate ovoid fruits 1.5–2.2 mm wide are borne in fascicles of three and are seen to be capsules with four apical valves. Despite the specific epithet referring to similarity of the foliage to that of Comptonia (Myricaceae), the fasciculate inflorescence organization with axillary flowers is quite distinct from the catkins characteristic of that family. Assignment to Banksia or other Proteaceae with complex inflorescences and follicular fruits is also problematic. Additionally, MacGinitie′s transfer of the species to Vauquelinia of the Rosaceae is contradicted by the lack of stipule scars on the twig and by differences in leaf venation and floral morphology. We transfer the species to Palibinia comptonifolia (R.W.Br.) comb. nov., but its familial affinity within the Pentapetalae remains uncertain. This new occurrence augments records from the Paleogene of Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, China, England, and Germany.
When nursing education becomes political: Norm‐critical perspectives in a campus‐based clinical learning environment
Authors: Castillo Ivan Andrés , Tengelin Ellinor , Arveklev Susanna H. , Dahlborg Elisabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNursing education is in the process of incorporating critical thinking, social justice, and health inequality perspectives into educational structures, aspiring to help nursing students develop into professional nurses prepared to provide equal care. Norm criticism is a pedagogical philosophy that promotes social justice. This qualitative case study aimed to gain an understanding of and elaborate on an educational development initiative in which norm criticism was incorporated into the composition of a new campus‐based clinical learning environment for nursing education. By analyzing documents and interviews with the help of reflexive thematic analysis three themes were generated: “Intention to educate beyond nursing education,” “Educating in alliance with society,” and “The educative ambiguity of the Clinical Learning Centre.” The case study indicates that the incorporation of norm criticism into a campus‐based clinical learning environment may encourage nursing students to evolve social skills for nursing practice that support health equality within healthcare. By collaborating with society, nursing education can considerably improve its educational frameworks in alignment with societal demands. However, the inclusion of norm criticism in a setting such as a campus‐based clinical learning environment entails a clash with established institutionalized norms and being perceived as too proximate to politics.
Spliceosomal protein U2B″ delays leaf senescence by enhancing splicing variant JAZ9β expression to attenuate jasmonate signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Qi , Tan Shuya , Wang Hou‐Ling , Wang Ting , Cao Jie , Liu Hairong , Sha Yueqi , Zhao Yaning , Xia Xinli , Guo Hongwei , Li Zhonghai 
Published: August 2023

Summary

The regulatory framework of leaf senescence is gradually becoming clearer; however, the fine regulation of this process remains largely unknown.

Here, genetic analysis revealed that U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein B (U2B″), a component of the spliceosome, is a negative regulator of leaf senescence. Mutation of U2B″ led to precocious leaf senescence, whereas overexpression of U2B″ extended leaf longevity. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway was activated in the u2b″ mutant. U2B″ enhances the generation of splicing variant JASMONATE ZIM‐DOMAIN 9β (JAZ9β) with an intron retention in the Jas motif, which compromises its interaction with CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 and thus enhances the stability of JAZ9β protein. Moreover, JAZ9β could interact with MYC2 and obstruct its activity, thereby attenuating JA signaling. Correspondingly, overexpression of JAZ9β rescued the early senescence phenotype of the u2b″ mutant.

Furthermore, JA treatment promoted expression of U2B″ that was found to be a direct target of MYC2. Overexpression of MYC2 in the u2b″ mutant resulted in a more pronounced premature senescence than that in wild‐type plants.

Collectively, our findings reveal that the spliceosomal protein U2B″ fine‐tunes leaf senescence by enhancing the expression of JAZ9β and thereby attenuating JA signaling.
CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated seamless gene replacement in protoplasts expands the resistance spectrum to TMV‐U1 strain in regenerated Nicotiana tabacum
Authors: Li Yanli , Huang Changjun , Liu Yong , Zeng Jianmin , Yu Haiqin , Tong Zhijun , Yuan Xinjie , Sui Xueyi , Fang Dunhuang , Xiao Bingguang , Zhao Shancen , Yuan Cheng 
Published: August 2023

SummaryCRISPR/Cas‐based genome editing is now extensively used in plant breeding and continues to evolve. Most CRISPR/Cas current applications in plants focus on gene knock‐outs; however, there is a pressing need for new methods to achieve more efficient delivery of CRISPR components and gene knock‐ins to improve agronomic traits of crop cultivars. We report here a genome editing system that combines the advantages of protoplast technologies with recent CRISPR/Cas advances to achieve seamless large fragment insertions in the model Solanaceae plant Nicotiana tabacum. With this system, two resistance‐related regions of the N′ gene were replaced with homologous fragments from the N′alata gene to confer TMV‐U1 resistance in the T0 generation of GMO‐free plants. Our study establishes a reliable genome‐editing tool for efficient gene modifications and provides a detailed description of the optimization process to assist other researchers adapt this system for their needs.
Polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis in Camelina: Towards coproduction of renewable feedstocks for bioplastics and fuels
Authors: Malik Meghna R. , Patterson Nii , Sharma Nirmala , Tang Jihong , Burkitt Claire , Ji Yuanyuan , Martino Matthew , Hertig Andrew , Schweitzer Dirk , Peoples Oliver , Snell Kristi D. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryPlant‐based co‐production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and seed oil has the potential to create a viable domestic source of feedstocks for renewable fuels and plastics. PHAs, a class of biodegradable polyesters, can replace conventional plastics in many applications while providing full degradation in all biologically active environments. Here we report the production of the PHA poly[(R)‐3‐hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) in the seed cytosol of the emerging bioenergy crop Camelina sativa engineered with a bacterial PHB biosynthetic pathway. Two approaches were used: cytosolic localization of all three enzymes of the PHB pathway in the seed, or localization of the first two enzymes of the pathway in the cytosol and anchoring of the third enzyme required for polymerization to the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER‐targeted approach was found to provide more stable polymer production with PHB levels up to 10.2% of the mature seed weight achieved in seeds with good viability. These results mark a significant step forward towards engineering lines for commercial use. Plant‐based PHA production would enable a direct link between low‐cost large‐scale agricultural production of biodegradable polymers and seed oil with the global plastics and renewable fuels markets.
Optimized bone grafting
Authors: Miron Richard J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBone grafting is routinely performed in periodontology and oral surgery to fill bone voids. While autogenous bone is considered the gold standard because of its regenerative properties, allografts and xenografts have more commonly been utilized owing to their availability as well as their differential regenerative/biomechanical properties. In particular, xenografts are sintered at high temperatures, which allows for their slower degradation and resorption rates and/or nonresorbable features. As a result, clinicians have combined xenografts with other classes of bone grafts (most notably allografts and autografts in various ratios) for procedures requiring better long‐term stability, such as contour grafting, sinus elevation procedures, and vertical bone augmentations. This review addresses the regenerative properties of each class of bone grafts and then highlights the importance of understanding each of their biomechanical and regenerative properties for clinical applications, including extraction site management, contour augmentation, sinus grafting, and horizontal and vertical augmentation procedures. Thereafter, an introduction toward the novel production of nonresorbable bone allografts (NRBAs) via high‐temperature sintering is presented. These NRBAs not only pose the advantage of being more biocompatible than xenografts owing to their origin (human vs. animal bone) but also display nonresorbable properties similar to those of xenografts. Thus, while packaging allografts with xenografts in premixtures specific to various clinical indications has never been permitted owing to cross‐species contamination and FDA/CE requirements, the discovery and production of NRBAs allows premixing with standard allografts in various ratios without regulatory restrictions. Therefore, premixtures of allografts with NRBAs can be produced in various ratios for specific indications (e.g., a 1:1 ratio similar to an allograft/xenograft mixture for sinus grafting) without the need for purchasing separate classes of bone grafts. This optimized form of bone grafting could theoretically provide clinicians more precise ratios without the need to purchase separate bone grafts. This review highlights the future potential for simplified and optimized bone grafting in periodontology and implant dentistry.
The use of platelet‐rich plasma in wound healing and vitiligo: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Zhi , Feng Cheng , Chang Guojing , Liu Hao , Li Shuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo critically assess the effect and safety of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in chronic wounds and vitiligo.MethodsA systematic literature searching was performed. Results were expressed as weight mean difference (WMD) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Pooled estimates were performed using a fixed‐effects model or random‐effects model, depending on the heterogeneity among studies.ResultsA total of 27 studies were included in this meta‐analysis. In patients with chronic diabetic ulcers, PRP significantly increased proportion of complete wound healing, percentage of wound area healed, and shortened the complete wound healing. In venous ulcers, PRP improved the epithelialized area and percentage of wound area healed. In vitiligo, PRP had better results in degree of improvement and mean repigmentation than controls. Regarding the safety profile, PRP did not increase the risk of infection in patients with chronic diabetic ulcers. Meta‐regression revealed that source of PRP and preparation method of PRP significantly affected the proportion of complete wound healing, whereas age, gender, country, duration of wound, and wound size had no impact on this outcome.ConclusionPRP is effective and safe, and can be used as a potential therapeutic adjunct or alternative treatment in chronic wounds of multiple etiologies and vitiligo.
Strigolactones repress nodule development and senescence in pea
Authors: Van Dingenen Judith , De Keyser Annick , Desmet Sandrien , Clarysse Alexander , Beullens Serge , Michiels Jan , Planque Mélanie , Goormachtig Sofie 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYStrigolactones are a class of phytohormones that are involved in many different plant developmental processes, including the rhizobium–legume nodule symbiosis. Although both positive and negative effects of strigolactones on the number of nodules have been reported, the influence of strigolactones on nodule development is still unknown. Here, by means of the ramosus (rms) mutants of Pisum sativum (pea) cv Terese, we investigated the impact of strigolactone biosynthesis (rms1 and rms5) and signaling (rms3 and rms4) mutants on nodule growth. The rms mutants had more red, that is, functional, and larger nodules than the wild‐type plants. Additionally, the increased nitrogen fixation and senescence zones with consequently reduced meristematic and infection zones indicated that the rms nodules developed faster than the wild‐type nodules. An enhanced expression of the nodule zone‐specific molecular markers for meristem activity and senescence supported the enlarged, fast maturing nodules. Interestingly, the master nodulation regulator, NODULE INCEPTION, NIN, was strongly induced in nodules of all rms mutants but not prior to inoculation. Determination of sugar levels with both bulk and spatial metabolomics in roots and nodules, respectively, hints at slightly increased malic acid levels early during nodule primordia formation and reduced sugar levels at later stages, possibly the consequence of an increased carbon usage of the enlarged nodules, contributing to the enhanced senescence. Taken together, these results suggest that strigolactones regulate the development of nodules, which is probably mediated through NIN, and available plant sugars.
Cellular Mechanics of Finger-Like Structures of Collective Cell Migration
Authors: Xu Xiangyu , Xu Jiayi , Liu Jie , Jiang Chaohui , Tian Liangfei , Xu Yingke , Li Dechang , Ji Baohua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Finger-like structures emerging from groups of cells at the forefront of cell layer take crucial roles in the migration of collective cell assemblies. However, the mechanics of the finger-like structure has not been fully understood. Here, we constructed a two-dimensional collective cell migration model and quantitatively analyzed the cellular mechanics of finger-like structures during the collective cell migration through experimental study and numerical simulation. We found that substrate stiffness, cell density, cell prestress, and mechanical loading significantly influence the generation and behaviors of the finger-like structures by regulating the lamellipodia spreading area, cellular traction force, and collectivity of cell motion. We showed that the regions with higher maximum principal stress tend to produce larger finger-like structures. Increasing the spreading area of lamellipodia and the velocity of leader cells could promote the generation of higher finger-like structures. For a quantitative understanding of the mechanisms of the effects of these mechanical factors, we adopted a coarse-grained cell model based on the traction-distance law. Our numerical simulation recapitulated the cell velocity distribution, cell motility integrity, cell polarization, and stress distribution in the cell layer observed in the experiment. These analyses revealed the cellular mechanics of the finger-like structure and its roles in collective cell migration. This study provides valuable insights into the collective cell behaviors in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for biomedical applications.
Digital Twinning and Optimization of Manufacturing Process Flows
Authors: Lee Hankang , Yang Hui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The new wave of Industry 4.0 is transforming manufacturing factories into data-rich environments. This provides an unprecedented opportunity to feed large amounts of sensing data collected from the physical factory into the construction of digital twin (DT) in cyberspace. However, little has been done to fully utilize the DT technology to improve the smartness and autonomous levels of small and medium-sized manufacturing factories. Indeed, only a small fraction of small and medium-sized manufacturers (SMMs) has considered implementing DT technology. There is an urgent need to exploit the full potential of data analytics and simulation-enabled DTs for advanced manufacturing. Hence, this paper presents the design and development of DT models for simulation optimization of manufacturing process flows. First, we develop a multi-agent simulation model that describes nonlinear and stochastic dynamics among a network of interactive manufacturing things, including customers, machines, automated guided vehicles (AGVs), queues, and jobs. Second, we propose a statistical metamodeling approach to design sequential computer experiments to optimize the utilization of AGV under uncertainty. Third, we construct two new graph models—job flow graph and AGV traveling graph—to track and monitor the real-time performance of manufacturing jobshops. The proposed simulation-enabled DT approach is evaluated and validated with experimental studies for the representation of a real-world manufacturing factory. Experimental results show that the proposed methodology effectively transforms a manufacturing jobshop into a new generation of DT-enabled smart factories. The sequential design of experiments effectively reduces the computation overhead of expensive simulations while optimally scheduling the AGV to achieve production throughput cost-effectively. This research is strongly promised to help SMMs fully utilize big data and DT technology for gaining competitive advantages in the global marketplace.
Discovery and characterization of antimycobacterial nitro-containing compounds with distinct mechanisms of action and
in vivo
efficacy
Authors: Eke Ifeanyichukwu E. , Williams John T. , Haiderer Elizabeth R. , Albrecht Veronica J. , Murdoch Heather M. , Abdalla Bassel J. , Abramovitch Robert B. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Nitro-containing compounds have emerged as important agents in the control of tuberculosis (TB). From a whole-cell high-throughput screen for
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(Mtb) growth inhibitors, 10 nitro-containing compounds were prioritized for characterization and mechanism of action studies. HC2209, HC2210, and HC2211 are nitrofuran-based prodrugs that need the cofactor F
420
machinery for activation. Unlike pretomanid which depends only on deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase (Ddn), these nitrofurans depend on Ddn and possibly another F
420
-dependent reductase for activation. These nitrofurans also differ from pretomanid in their potent activity against
Mycobacterium abscessus
. Four dinitrobenzamides (HC2217, HC2226, HC2238, and HC2239) and a nitrofuran (HC2250) are proposed to be inhibitors of decaprenyl-phosphoryl-ribose 2′-epimerase 1 (DprE1), based on isolation of resistant mutations in
dprE1
. Unlike other DprE1 inhibitors, HC2250 was found to be potent against non-replicating persistent bacteria, suggesting additional targets. Two of the compounds, HC2233 and HC2234, were found to have potent, sterilizing activity against replicating and non-replicating Mtb
in vitro
, but a proposed mechanism of action could not be defined. In a pilot
in vivo
efficacy study, HC2210 was orally bioavailable and efficacious in reducing bacterial load by ~1 log in a chronic murine TB infection model.