bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between noise levels and intensive care patients' clinical complexity: An observational simulation study
Authors: Imbriaco Guglielmo , Capitano Martina , Rocchi Margherita , Suhan Aglaia , Tacci Alice , Monesi Alessandro , Sebastiani Stefano , Samolsky Dekel Boaz Gedaliahu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNoise pollution in intensive care units is a relevant problem, associated with psychological and physiological consequences for patients and healthcare staff. Sources of noise pollution include medical equipment, alarms, communication tools, staff activities, and conversations.AimsTo explore the cumulative effects of noise caused by an increasing number and type of medical devices in an intensive care setting on simulated patients with increasing clinical complexity. Secondly, to measure medical device alarms and nursing activities' sound levels, evaluating their role as potentially disruptive noises.Study DesignObservational simulation study (reported according to the STROBE checklist). Using an electronic sound meter, the sound levels of an intensive care room in seven simulated clinical scenarios were measured on a single day (09 March 2022), each featuring increasing numbers of devices, hypothetically corresponding to augmented patients' clinical complexity. Secondly, noise levels of medical device alarms and specific nursing activities performed at a distance of three meters from the sound meter were analysed.ResultsThe empty room's mean baseline noise level was 37.8 (±0.7) dBA; among the simulated scenarios, noise ranged between 45.3 (±1.0) and 53.5 (±1.5) dBA. Alarms ranged between 76.4 and 81.3 dBA, while nursing tasks (closing a drawer, opening a saline bag overwrap, or sterile packages) and speaking were all over 80 dBA. The noisiest activity was opening a sterile package (98 dBA).ConclusionAn increased number of medical devices, an expression of patients' higher clinical complexity, is not a significant cause of increased noise. Some specific nursing activities and conversations produce higher noise levels than medical devices and alarms. This study's findings suggest further research to assess the relationships between these factors and to encourage adequate noise reduction strategies.Relevance to Clinical PracticeExcessive noise level in the intensive care unit is a clinical issue that negatively affects patients' and healthcare providers' well‐being. The increase in baseline room noise from medical devices is generally limited. Typical nursing tasks and conversations produce higher noise levels than medical devices and alarms. These findings could be helpful to raise awareness among healthcare professionals to recognize noise sources. The noisiest components of the environment can be modified by staff behaviour, promoting noise reduction strategies and improving the critical care environment.
Histone variant HTB4 delays leaf senescence by epigenetic control of Ib bHLH transcription factor‐mediated iron homeostasis
Authors: Yang Qi , Wang Ting , Cao Jie , Wang Hou‐Ling , Tan Shuya , Zhang Yuan , Park Sanghoon , Park Hyunsoo , Woo Hye Ryun , Li Xiaojuan , Xia Xinli , Guo Hongwei , Li Zhonghai 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Leaf senescence is an orderly process regulated by multiple internal factors and diverse environmental stresses including nutrient deficiency. Histone variants are involved in regulating plant growth and development. However, their functions and underlying regulatory mechanisms in leaf senescence remain largely unclear.
Here, we found that H2B histone variant HTB4 functions as a negative regulator of leaf senescence. Loss of function of HTB4 led to early leaf senescence phenotypes that were rescued by functional complementation. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that several Ib subgroup basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) involved in iron (Fe) homeostasis, including bHLH038, bHLH039, bHLH100, and bHLH101, were suppressed in the htb4 mutant, thereby compromising the expressions of FERRIC REDUCTION OXIDASE 2 (FRO2) and IRON‐REGULATED TRANSPORTER (IRT1), two important components of the Fe uptake machinery.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that HTB4 could bind to the promoter regions of Ib bHLH TFs and enhance their expression by promoting the enrichment of the active mark H3K4me3 near their transcriptional start sites. Moreover, overexpression of Ib bHLH TFs or IRT1 suppressed the premature senescence phenotype of the htb4 mutant.
Our work established a signaling pathway, HTB4‐bHLH TFs‐FRO2/IRT1‐Fe homeostasis, which regulates the onset and progression of leaf senescence.
Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation and sexual functioning: Treatment outcomes and patient preferences
Authors: Flegge Lindsay G. , Barr Aex , Craner Julia R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveSexual dysfunction is common for patients experiencing chronic pain. Prior research is limited on how treatment for chronic pain affects patients' sexual functioning. This study reports pre‐/post‐treatment measures of self‐reported sexual functioning among individuals presenting for chronic pain treatment at an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program (IPRP) and reports patient treatment preferences.MethodThis study uses detailed treatment measures across multiple domains of sexual functioning to describe the prevalence and correlates of self‐reported sexual functioning among individuals with chronic pain presenting for and discharging from treatment at an IPRP (N = 71). Domains include sexual interest, satisfaction with sexual functioning, vaginal lubrication, vaginal discomfort, and erectile function. Patients also completed a multiple‐choice treatment preferences questionnaire created for this study.ResultsResults from this study show a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction in chronic pain populations (51.5%) and show no significant difference in sexual functioning after completing outpatient treatment, except for a significant improvement in sexual satisfaction for males only. Results from the patient treatment preferences questionnaire indicate that most patients (83.3%) thought their pain was important to address within the context of an IPRP; however, many patients (58.7%) did not think their treatment addressed sexual functioning. In addition, many patients (34%) would prefer to discuss sexual functioning with their primary care provider or pelvic floor physical therapist.ConclusionFindings demonstrate that usual multidisciplinary pain management treatment is not sufficient to address patients' concerns with sexual functioning. Additional creative strategies will need to be studied on how to best treat these overlapping problems. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
Identification of a damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) receptor and its cognate peptide ligand in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Lu Hsueh‐Han , Meents Anja K. , Fliegmann Judith , Hwang Ming‐Jing , Suen Ching‐Shu , Masch Diana , Felix Georg , Mithöfer Axel , Yeh Kai‐Wun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is an important tuber crop, but also target of numerous insect pests. Intriguingly, the abundant storage protein in tubers, sporamin, has intrinsic trypsin protease inhibitory activity. In leaves, sporamin is induced by wounding or a volatile homoterpene and enhances insect resistance. While the signalling pathway leading to sporamin synthesis is partially established, the initial event, perception of a stress‐related signal is still unknown. Here, we identified an IbLRR‐RK1 that is induced upon wounding and herbivory, and related to peptide‐elicitor receptors (PEPRs) from tomato and Arabidopsis. We also identified a gene encoding a precursor protein comprising a peptide ligand (IbPep1) for IbLRR‐RK1. IbPep1 represents a distinct signal in sweet potato, which might work in a complementary and/or parallel pathway to the previously described hydroxyproline‐rich systemin (HypSys) peptides to strengthen insect resistance. Notably, an interfamily compatibility in the Pep/PEPR system from Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae was identified.
Protein elicitor GP1pro targets aquaporin NbPIP2;4 to activate plant immunity
Authors: Yubo Sun , Xingyu Ren , Wenhui Guo , Yong Wang , He Yan , Lirong Han , Juntao Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe novel protein elicitor GP1pro is the protein component of glycoprotein GP‐1 isolated and identified from Streptomyces kanasensis ZX01. GP1pro induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a hypersensitive response (HR), along with the accumulation of resistance‐related genes and secondary metabolites. It ultimately regulates plant defence responses. Further analysis revealed that GP1pro interacts with the PIP2‐family aquaporin protein NbPIP2;4 on the plant plasma membrane (PM) in Nicotiana benthamiana. PM localization is necessary for inducing GP1pro resistance. These results demonstrate that NbPIP2;4 acts as a H2O2 transporter to positively regulate plant immunity and ROS accumulation. In summary, this study elucidates a conserved and novel pathway caused by GP1pro to initiate host cellular defences by targeting the plant aquaporin protein NbPIP2;4 and transporting apoplast‐to‐cytoplast H2O2 to regulate plant immunity.
Autonomous agency, we‐agency, and social oppression
Authors: Mackenzie Catriona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTheories of collective intentionality and theories of relational autonomy share a common interest in analyzing the social dynamics of agency. However, whereas theories of collective intentionality conceive of social groups primarily as intentional and voluntarily willed, theories of relational autonomy claim that autonomous agency is both scaffolded and constrained by social forces and structures, including the constraints imposed by nonvoluntary group membership. The question raised by this difference in view is whether social theorizing that overlooks the effects of nonvoluntary social group membership on individual and joint agency overlooks crucial aspects of the social dynamics of agency. To explore this question, this article first evaluates Michael Bratman's planning analysis of individual agency from the perspective of relational autonomy theory and compares it with a narrative self‐constitution account of temporally extended agency. It then evaluates Bratman's analysis of shared agency and discusses Shaun Gallagher and Deborah Tollefsen's concept of we‐narratives, which extends the notion of narrative construction to shared agency. Overall, the argument aims to show that if we are interested in understanding the social dynamics of agency, it is critical to attend to the way that agents exercise their intentional agency in relation to internalized and external social constraints.
Alternative measures of price inflation and the perception of real income in Germany
Authors: Israel Karl‐Friedrich , Schnabl Gunther 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the 1980s inflationary pressures seem to materialise over‐proportionately outside sectors of consumer goods and services. We combine the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices with indices for asset prices, such as stocks and real estate, as well as a proxy for the costs of public goods to develop alternative inflation measures in Germany since the introduction of the Euro. Real economic growth as well as median wage developments are reexamined in light of the alternative inflation estimates. Both turn out to be negative over the past decade in the most pessimistic scenarios.
Modeling the Interaction Between Inclusions and Nanocracks in Flexoelectric Solids
Authors: Xu Mengkang , Tian Xinpeng , Deng Qian , Li Qun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Natural defects such as nano inclusions and nanocracks are inevitable in dielectric materials. When materials are subjected to mechanical loading, the strain gradient around crack tips and inclusions would become large and induce significant flexoelectric fields. In contrast to classical crack–inclusion problems, the interactions between these flexoelectric fields may locally change the electromechanical behaviors of materials and result in some interesting phenomena. To better understand the crack–inclusion interactions in flexoelectric solids, in this work, we use a collocation mixed finite element method to model and analyze the flexoelectric fields around the crack tip and inclusion. On the basis of the J-integral, we analyze how the flexoelectric effect affect the interaction energy between nanocracks and nearby nano inclusions. This work proposes a new coupling mechanism in crack–inclusion problems and may inspire future experiments in flexoelectric solids.
Simultaneous Optimization of Part and Parting Surface for Hybrid Casting and Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wang Shu , Zheng Xueqin , Wang Cunfu , Luo Huageng , Jing Shikai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents formulations for hybrid casting and additive manufacturing (AM) in the density-based topology optimization. A location-based Heaviside function is introduced to represent the parting surface. The optimized part on two sides of the parting surface can be fabricated with casting, additive manufacturing, or both. Through the location-based Heaviside function and density gradient, two global constraints are formulated to remove undercuts and overhangs for casting and AM, respectively, inside the design domain. Since density gradient vanishes on the design domain boundary, two extra density-based global constraints are developed to control the overhangs and undercuts outside the design domain. Due to the smoothed parameterization of the parting surface, we are able to optimize the part and partition surface (including location and parting direction) simultaneously for hybrid casting and additive manufacturing. The proposed formulations for hybrid manufacturing processes are validated through 2D and 3D numerical examples. The proposed approach further enlarges the design space with manufacturing constraints, and has the potential to be used in the design for hybrid and multi-component manufacturing.
Concurrent Build Direction, Part Segmentation, and Topology Optimization for Additive Manufacturing Using Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Hongrui , Joglekar Aditya , Whitefoot Kate S. , Burak Kara Levent 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Without an explicit formulation to minimize support structures, topology optimization may create complex shapes that require an intensive use of support material when additively manufactured. We propose a neural network-based approach to topology optimization that aims to reduce the use of support structures in additive manufacturing. Our approach uses a network architecture that allows the simultaneous determination of an optimized: (1) part segmentation, (2) the topology of each part, and (3) the build direction of each part that collectively minimize the amount of support structure. Through training, the network learns a material density and segment classification in the continuous 3D space. Given a problem domain with prescribed load and displacement boundary conditions, the neural network takes as input 3D coordinates of the voxelized domain as training samples and outputs a continuous density field. Since the neural network for topology optimization learns the density distribution field, analytical solutions to the density gradient can be obtained from the input–output relationship of the neural network. We demonstrate our approach on several compliance minimization problems with volume fraction constraints, where support volume minimization is added as an additional criterion to the objective function. We show that simultaneous optimization of part segmentation along with the topology and print angle optimization further reduces the support structure, compared to a combined print angle and topology optimization without segmentation.
A Single-Fidelity Surrogate Modeling Method Based on Nonlinearity Integrated Multi-Fidelity Surrogate
Authors: Li Kunpeng , He Xiwang , Lv Liye , Zhu Jiaxiang , Hao Guangbo , Li Haiyang , Song Xueguan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Surrogate model provides a promising way to reasonably approximate complex underlying relationships between system parameters. However, the expensive modeling cost, especially in large problem sizes, hinders its applications in practical problems. To overcome this issue, with the advantages of the multi-fidelity surrogate (MFS) model, this paper proposes a single-fidelity surrogate model with a hierarchical structure, named nonlinearity integrated correlation mapping surrogate (NI-CMS) model. The NI-CMS model first establishes the low-fidelity model to capture the underlying landscape of the true function, and then, based on the idea of MFS model, the established low-fidelity model is corrected by minimizing the mean square error to ensure prediction accuracy. Especially, a novel MFS model (named NI-MFS), is constructed to enhance the stability of the proposed NI-CMS model. More specifically, a nonlinear scaling term, which assumes the linear combination of the projected low-fidelity predictions in a high-dimensional space can reach the high-fidelity level, is introduced to assist the traditional scaling term. The performances of the proposed model are evaluated through a series of numerical test functions. In addition, a surrogate-based digital twin of an XY compliant parallel manipulator is used to validate the practical performance of the proposed model. The results show that compared with the existing models, the NI-CMS model provides a higher performance under the condition of a small sample set, illustrating the promising potential of this surrogate modeling technique.
A Unified Inverse Design and Optimization Workflow for the Miura-oRing Metastructure
Authors: Chen Yao , Shi Jiayao , He Ruoqi , Lu Chenhao , Shi Pan , Feng Jian , Sareh Pooya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Origami structures are often attractive for a broad range of applications in engineering, design, and robotics because of their useful characteristics such as reconfigurable geometry, tunable stiffness, and energy absorption capacity. Although a range of algorithms and software is available for origami design and folding analysis, they are generally isolated from other computational tools. To contribute to filling this research gap, we propose a unified parametric origami design workflow based on grasshopper combined with a multi-objective optimization process. To this end, first, a parametric model for a ring-shaped fourfold origami structure, called the Miura-oRing metastructure, is developed based on appropriate geometric parameters. Its nonlinear folding process is then simulated according to geometric compatibility conditions and given constraints. Simultaneously, modal analysis is iteratively performed, using SAP2000 through C# scripts, to obtain relationships for the structural configuration, mass, and stiffness of the origami structure. Finally, an inverse design process based on a fitting cylindrical annulus is carried out using Octopus, considering the spatial fit, mass, and stiffness of the Miura-oRing. A comparison is made between the obtained results and those of the origami simulator and the physical models to validate the performance of the proposed method. After balancing the three objectives of inverse design, a recommended range of parameters is prescribed for the Miura-oRing for a given set of dimensions. This study provides a workflow that integrates geometry, kinematics, and structural performance, enabling the design of origami structures with desirable geometric, kinematic, and structural characteristics.
Design, Dimensional Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Spherical Remote Center of Motion Mechanism for Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Li Jianmin , Wang Jiatong , Zhao Jianchang , Wei Guowu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the development of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) technology, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of remote center of motion (RCM) manipulator. This paper presents the conceptual design of a novel two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) spherical RCM mechanism, whose axes of all revote joints share the same RCM. Compared with the existing design, the proposed mechanism indicates a compact design and high structure stability, and the same scissor-like linkage makes it easy to realize modular design. It also has the advantages of singularity-free and motion decoupling in its workspace, which simplifies the implementation and control of the manipulator. In addition, compared with the traditional spherical scissor linkage mechanism, the proposed mechanism adds a rotation constraint on the output shaft to provide better operating performance. In this paper, the kinematics and singularities of different cases are deduced and compared, and the kinematic model of the best case is established. According to the workspace and constraints in MIS, the optimal structural parameters of the mechanism are determined by dimensional synthesis with the goal of optimal global operation performance. Furthermore, a prototype is assembled to verify the performance of the proposed mechanism. The experimental results show that the two-degrees-of-freedom prototype can provide a reliable RCM point. The compact design makes the manipulator have potential application prospects in MIS.
Multidisciplinary Design of an Electrically Powered High-Lift System
Authors: Maroldt Niklas , Lohse Stefanie , Kalla Matthias , Ponick Bernd , Seume Joerg R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To date, design processes for electrically powered compressor are mainly based on separate processes for each individual component. Whereas the blading is often designed by an integrated aerodynamic and mechanical design optimization, additional components such as the electrical machine are usually not included. These approaches neglect the interactions of the individual components, which can influence the system performance. This paper demonstrates a multidisciplinary design approach, combining an optimization approach for a compressor stage and an electrical machine. The automated optimization process is based on an evolutionary algorithm, evaluating each individual of a population in terms of aerodynamic performance, structural integrity and performance of the electrical machine. This approach is applied to the design of a mixed-flow compressor for active high-lift applications in aircraft. The results suggest that the overall system efficiency is mainly influenced by the compressor stage, whereas the system mass is dominated by the electrical components which highlights the need to combine both optimization approaches. Key design parameters of high power-density electrical-machine designs are identified. A comparison between a previous compressor-only optimization and a new design based on the new multidisciplinary optimization confirms the improvements the latter optimization approach yields.