bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) dependent on the location of the tumor?
Authors: Seo Ji Won , Park Ki Bum , Chin Hyung Min , Jun Kyong-Hwa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose We compared the surgical outcomes of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).Methods We performed single-incision gastric wedge resection on prospectively-enrolled 15 consecutive patients with gastric GIST between November 2020 and April 2022 in a single tertiary center. The early perioperative outcomes of these patients were compared to those of patients who underwent CLS. The indications did not differ from those for conventional laparoscopic procedures for gastric GIST.Results In total, 30 patients were assigned to the SILS (n = 15) and CLS (n = 15) groups. There were no significant differences in the estimated blood loss and intraoperative blood transfusion between the SILS and CLS groups. There were no intraoperative complications or conversions to multiple-port or open surgery in the SILS group. Proximally located tumors were more commonly treated with CLS than with SILS (P = 0.045). GISTs located in the greater curvature were more commonly treated with SILS than with CLS, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.08). The mean incision length in the SILS group was 4.1 cm shorter than that in the CLS group (3.2 ± 0.7 and 7.3 ± 5.2 cm, respectively, P = 0.01). The postoperative analgesic dose was significantly lower in the SILS than in the CLS group (0.4 ± 1.4 and 2.1 ± 2.3, respectively P = 0.01). Also, the duration of postoperative use of analgesic was shorter in SILS than in CLS (0.4 ± 0.7 and 2.0 ± 1.8, respectively, P = 0.01). There were no significant differences in the early postoperative complications between the groups.Conclusions SILS is as safe, feasible, and effective for the treatment of gastric GIST as CLS with comparable postoperative complications, pain, and cosmesis. Moreover, SILS can be considered without being affected by the type or location of the tumor.
Specific pathway abundances in the neonatal calf faecal microbiome are associated with susceptibility to Cryptosporidium parvum infection: A metagenomic analysis
Authors: Hares Miriam F , Griffiths Bethany E , Johnson Flora , Nelson Charlotte , Haldenby Samuel , Stewart Christopher J , Duncan Jennifer S , Oikonomou Georgios , Coombes Janine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Cryptosporidium parvum is the main cause of calf scour globally. With limited therapeutic options and research compared to other Apicomplexa, it is important to understand the parasites’ biology and interactions with the host and microbiome in order to develop novel strategies against this infection. The age-dependent nature of symptomatic cryptosporidiosis suggests a link to the undeveloped immune response, the immature intestinal epithelium, and its associated microbiota. This led us to hypothesise that specific features of the early life microbiome could predict calves’ susceptibility to C. parvum infection.Results In this study, faecal samples were collected from ≤ 1-week-old calves (n = 346). A retrospective case-control approach was taken whereby a metagenomic analysis was conducted on healthy calves (Control group; n = 30) and calves that went on to develop diarrhoea and test positive for C. parvum infection (Cryptosporidium-positive group; n = 30). Taxonomic analysis showed no significant differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and taxa relative abundance between controls and Cryptosporidium-positive groups. Analysis of functional potential showed pathways related to isoprenoid precursor, haem and purine biosynthesis were significantly higher in abundance in calves that later tested positive for C. parvum (q ≤ 0.25). These pathways are uniquely lacking in the C. parvum parasites, unlike the other Apicomplexa. Though the de novo production of isoprenoid precursors, haem and purines are absent, C. parvum has been shown to encode enzymes that catalyse the downstream reactions of these pathway metabolites, indicating that C. parvum may scavenge those products from an external source.Conclusions The host has previously been put forward as the source of essential metabolites, but our study suggests that C. parvum may also be able to harness specific metabolic pathways of the microbiota in order to survive and replicate. This finding is important as components of these microbial pathways could be exploited as potential drug targets for the prevention or mitigation of cryptosporidiosis in bovine neonates.
Security and application of semi-quantum key distribution protocol for users with different quantum capabilities
Authors: Ye Chong-Qiang , Li Jian , Chen Xiu-Bo , Hou Yanyan , Wang Zhuo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Semi-quantum protocols serve as a bridge between quantum users and "classical" users with limited quantum capabilities, providing support for application scenarios that cannot afford the excessively high cost of quantum resources. In this paper, we present a semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol based on Bell states and single particles, which is designed for key distribution between different types of users. The protocol enables simultaneous key distribution between quantum and classical users, as well as key establishment between two classical users. The security analysis demonstrates that the protocol can reach the same level of security as the full quantum protocol. Furthermore, we extrapolate the proposed protocol to other semi-quantum protocols, such as semi-quantum key agreement and semi-quantum private comparison protocols. Compared with previous similar ones, our SQKD protocol and its extended versions can fulfill the requirements of their respective counterparts individually. Therefore, our SQKD protocol has the potential for broader applications in practical scenarios.
Are vascular endothelium and angiogenesis effective MicroRNA Biomarkers associated with the prediction of early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) and adverse perinatal outcomes?
Authors: Ozler Sibel , Kebapcilar Aysegul , Ozdemir Ebru Marzioglu , Mert Muhammed , Arıkan Mehmet Nurullah , Celik Cetin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose : We aimed to investigate serum MicroRNA (miRNA) levels in preeclampsia (PE) and to determine whether any changes in miRNA levels are useful in predicting early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) and adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 89 pregnant patients were enrolled in this prospective case-control study (55 PE and 34 healthy controls). miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR126, miR155, miR-200, miR-222, and miR-210 levels were studied in maternal serum in preeclamptic pregnant women. The Real-time RT-PCR method was used to determine maternal serum miRNA levels. Results: Serum miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR126, and miR-210 levels were significantly higher in PE than the control group . Increased miR-17, miR-20a, and miR-20b levels were independently associated with PE. Increased miR-17 and miR-126 levels were negatively correlated with serum EOPE in PE, and increased miR-210 levels were significantly positively correlated with EOPE in PE. Conclusion: Increased expression of serum miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR126, and miR-210 were found to be associated with PE, also increased expression of miR-17, miR-20a and miR-20b were to be prediction with PE, also increased maternal serum miR-17 and miR-126 expressions were negatively correlated and increased miR-210 expression was positively correlated with EOPE in PE women.
Diet effects on colonic health influence the efficacy of Bin1 mAb immunotherapy for ulcerative colitis
Authors: Thomas Sunil , Dilbarov Nickey , Kelly Joseph , Mercogliano Giancarlo , Prendergast George C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic disease of the large intestine linked to high fat-high protein diets, a dysbiotic microbiome, and a metabolome linked to diet and/or aberrant circadian rhythms associated with poor sleeping patterns. Understanding diet-affected factors that negatively influence colonic health may offer new insights into how to prevent UC and enhance the efficacy of UC immunotherapy. In this preclinical study, we found that standard or high fiber diets in mice positively influenced their colonic health, whereas a high fat-high protein diet negatively influenced colonic health, consistent with clinical findings. Animals fed a high fat/high protein diet experienced obesity and a reduced colon length, illustrating a phenotype we suggest calling peinosis [hunger-like-condition; Greek, peina: hunger; osis: condition], as marked by a lack of nutrient energy remaining in fecal pellets. Notably, a high fat/high protein diet also led to signs of muscle weakness that could not be explained fully by weight gain. In contrast, mice on a high fiber diet ranked highest compared to other diets in terms of colon length and lack of muscle weakness. That said, mice on a high fiber diet were more prone to UC and toxic responses to immunotherapy, consistent with clinical observations. Recent studies have suggested that a standard diet may be needed to support the efficacy of immunotherapeutic drugs used to prevent and treat UC. Here we observed that protection against UC by Bin1 mAb, a passive UC immunotherapy that acts by coordinately enforcing intestinal barrier function, protecting enteric neurons, and normalizing the microbiome, was associated with increased colonic levels of healthful short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), particularly butyric acid and propionic acid, which help enforce intestinal barrier function. This work offers a preclinical platform to investigate how diet affects UC immunotherapy and the potential of dietary SCFA supplements to enhance it. Further, it suggests that the beneficial effects of passive immunotherapy by Bin1 mAb in UC treatment may be mediated to some extent by promoting increased levels of healthful SCFA.
The adsorption of alpha-synuclein and inhibition of fibrillization by nanocellulose and nanocellulose coated with gold atoms
Authors: Jebali Ali , Outeiro T. F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the adsorption of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) and inhibition of fibrillization by nanocellulose (NC) and NC coated with gold atoms (NCCGAs) using in silico approaches. First, the 3D structure of NC, NCCGAs, partial aSyn (36–55), and full-length aSyn (1-140) was designed, modeled, and saved in PDB format. HDOCK server and Ascalaph designer software were used to understand the possible molecular interaction of partial aSyn (36–55) and full-length aSyn (1-140) when exposed to NC and NCCGAs. In the experimental section, acid hydrolysis was used for the synthesis of NC and then reacted with HAuCl4 to achieve NCCGAs. The Adsorption of aSyn by NC and NCCGAs was analyzed at 280 nm and the inhibition of aSyn fibrillization was assessed using Thioflavin T. A numerical comparison of docking results showed that NCCGAs have more and better adsorption to partial/full-length aSyn than NC. Also, MD simulation showed us that adsorbed molecules had enough stable interaction and they even become more stable over time. Experimentally, the adsorption of aSyn and the inhibition of aSyn fibrillization were seen when they were exposed to NC or NCCGAs. Although both NC and NCCGAs were able to absorb aSyn, NCCGAs had a higher capability (P > 0.05). The same pattern was observed for the inhibition of fibrillization of aSyn. You should end with a sentence explaining the implication of the findings – why is this important?
Thermo- and pH-responsive cotton gauzes as drug delivery system obtained by gamma radiation and chemical initiator
Authors: Romero-Fierro David , Esquivel-Lo Y. Aylin , Camacho-Cruz Alejandro , Bucio Emilio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The grafting of stimuli-responsive polymers into medical devices to create functional materials has attracted the attention of scientific community. The capacity of these polymers to change its conformation reversibly as function of variables of the environment in which it is applied, is well taken into account to create drug delivery systems. Because cotton gauzes are materials of priority use in biomedical area, and they are susceptible to develop biofilm on its surface contaminating skin wounds. In this work it is proposed the modification of cotton gauze with a dual stimuli-responsive copolymer, composed by two monomers such as methacrylic acid and N-isopropylacrylamide, through a grafting copolymerization induced by chemical initiator and gamma radiation. Experimental conditions were evaluated for each method. Grafting was verified by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as its thermal behavior was determined through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Critical pH was confirmed by potentiometric titrations finding a value of 4.7 for grafted cotton gauzes and their critical temperature ranging between 31–34°C, which was determined by water uptake as function of temperature. The loading and release of norfloxacin were tested, finding that grafted gauzes exhibited affinity for this drug and it is released under simulated physiological conditions of temperature and pH. Norfloxacin-loaded gauzes show their efficiency inhibiting E. coli and S. aureus growth in a contaminated environment, at different pH values. This improvement of cotton gauzes can serve as barrier to avoid the formation of biofilm in surgical conditions and for wound healing.
Utilizing auxiliary electrodes in ionic wind blowers to improve the flow distribution
Authors: Cai Rong-jie , Wang Jing , Li Zheng-sheng , Ji Yu-qing , Wang Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A new kind of ionic wind blower that employs auxiliary electrodes to boost the ionic wind velocity and enhance the cooling efficiency is developed to address the issue of heat dissipation in electronic devices with high heat flux densities. The ‘wire-mesh-auxiliary electrode’ and ‘needle-mesh-auxiliary electrode’ blowers have been designed. An emitter, a collector, and two auxiliary electrodes make up each structure. Before determining the optimum operational voltages for the auxiliary electrode under the two configurations, experiments are carried out to confirm the secondary acceleration effect of the auxiliary electrodes. The effects of the auxiliary electrode's spacing and the voltage polarity supplied to the emitting electrode and auxiliary electrodes on the produced ionic wind velocity are investigated once the working voltage has been determined. Finally, a simulation computation is implemented to look into the ionic wind flow distribution in the ‘needle-mesh-auxiliary electrode’ blower. The findings indicate that in terms of voltage endurance operating range and maximum output ionic wind velocity, the ‘needle-mesh-auxiliary electrode’ blower outperforms the ‘wire-mesh-auxiliary electrode’ blower. The system's output ionic wind velocity is greater when negative high voltage is supplied to the emitting electrode and positive high power is applied to the auxiliary electrode. Following the use of auxiliary electrodes, a considerable amount of electrons condense in the central area between the two auxiliary electrodes, creating an ion jet downstream. The output velocity of the ionic wind is greater, and the flow is more concentrated. Some electrons in the mainstream produce the reverse ionic wind under the influence of the electric field downstream of the auxiliary electrodes, which disrupts and deflects the mainstream's velocity.
Joint use of two-step fermentation and in-situ addition of chitosan oligosaccharide improving bacterial cellulose pellicle in the synthesis and various behaviors
Authors: Tong Jie , Yu Chenrui , Wang Yu , Hu Ziwei , Han Zhenxing , Liu Dandan , Yue Wenjin J. , Li Chuang , Nie Guangjun J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Low productivity, high cost, and disbalance between swelling behavior and mechanical properties have limited extensive applications of bacterial cellulose pellicle (BCP). To remove the drawbacks, two-step fermentation and in-situ modification of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) were jointly used to improve the yield and mechanical properties of BCP in this work. The results indicated that based on the optimization of the culture components, a higher yield of 5.5 g/L, which is 1.9-fold of the control produced under static fermentation, was achieved at the agitation speed of 220 rpm for 3 h (total incubation time 10 d), revealing that high agitation speed in the early incubation can promote BCP production and shorten the production time. In-situ addition of COS can induce the self-assembly of bacterial nanofibers to form a compact network of BCP through intermolecular hydrogen bond instead of intramolecular hydrogen bond, increasing the yield and mechanical properties. The yield increased to 10.8 g/L, approximately 2.0-fold that of the control. The Young’s modulus, toughness, yield strength, and resilience of BCP were increased by 5.7, 2.9, 3.1, and 4.0 folds, respectively. It is convinced that COS modification well improved BCP production and balanced the swelling behavior and mechanical properties. Consequently, this work removed the drawbacks of BCP production to a certain degree, which hopefully contributes to an extensive application of BCP.
Accuracy of the Clock Drawing Test in Screening for Early Post-Stroke Neurocognitive Disorder: The Nor-COAST Study
Authors: Navickaite Egle , Saltvedt Ingvild , Lyndersen Stian , Munthe-Kaas Ragnhild , Ihle-Hansen Hege , Grambaite Ramune , Aam Stina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Post-stroke neurocognitive disorder (NCD), though common, is often overlooked by clinicians. Moreover, although the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has proven to be a valid screening test for NCD, even more time saving tests would be preferred. In our study, we examined the accuracy of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in diagnosing patients with post-stroke NCD and the association between the CDT and MoCA.
METHODS
This study is part of the Norwegian Cognitive Impairment After Stroke study, a multicentre prospective cohort study following patients admitted with acute stroke. At the three-month follow-up, patients were classified with normal cognition, mild NCD or major NCD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria. Any NCD compromised both mild- and major NCD. The CDT, as part of the MoCA at the three-month assessment, was given scores ranging from 0 to 5. Patients able to complete the CDT and whose cognitive status could be classified were included in analyses. The CDT accuracy for diagnosing post-stroke NCD was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. The association between the MoCA and CDT was analysed with Spearman’s rho.
RESULTS
Of 554 participants, 238 (43.0%) were women. Mean (SD) age was 71.5 (11.8) years, while mean (SD) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 2.6 (3.7). The area under the ROC curve of the CDT for major NCD and any NCD was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.68–0.79) and 0.68 (95% CI, 0.63–0.72), respectively. A CDT cutoff of < 5 yielded 68% sensitivity and 60% specificity for any NCD and 78% sensitivity and 53% specificity for major NCD. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between scores on the MoCA and CDT was 0.50 (95% CI, 0.44–0.57, p < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
The CDT is not accurate enough to diagnose post-stroke NCD but shows reasonable accuracy in identifying major NCD. Performance on the CDT was associated with performance on MoCA; however, the CDT is inferior to MoCA in identifying post-stroke NCD.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT0265053)
Forced Convection Characteristics with Parabolic Temperature Variations in a Transposed C-Shaped Lid-Driven Square Cavity using Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Yadav Mahendra , Yadav Rajendra Singh , Makinde Oluwole Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present study is focused on the numerical simulations of forced convection characteristics with parabolic temperature variations in a wall-driven C-Shaped cavity using the lattice Boltzmann method. In this study, the flow parameters being investigated are Reynolds number, Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient, kinetic energy density function, and aspect ratio. The results show that the development of the primary vortex inside the cavity can lead to an assisting effect to the different hot surfaces for different aspect ratios to enhance the heat transfer rate. It is found that for aspect ratio one, the upper hot surface, assigned with parabolic temperature variations, gives the best heat transfer rate, whereas, for aspect ratios two and three, the right hot surface gives the best heat transfer rates. Further, The average Nusselt number is found to be increasing with the increase of Reynolds number and found to be decreasing with the increase of aspect ratio. Besides this, for low Reynolds numbers with elongation of the cavity in the horizontal direction, perfect sand clock patterns are recorded in the streamlines formation, whereas for high Reynolds numbers, the sand clock patterns become distorted in the streamlines formation. Moreover, the distribution of the skin friction coefficient and the kinetic energy density function against the Reynolds number is also presented.
Navigating the Challenges of Sentiment Analysis: Accuracy and Bias
Authors: Garg simran , Chaturvedi Devang , Jain Tanya , Mishra Anju , Kapoor Anjali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Our work provides an overview of sentiment analysis and its applications in diverse fields, highlighting the challenges sentiment analysis faces, such as accuracy and bias issues. We emphasize the importance of sentiment analysis in gaining insights into people's attitudes and opinions, and provide examples of related work in sentiment analysis, particularly in the context of Twitter data extraction and sentiment classification. Additionally, we emphasize the need for automated sentiment analysis techniques to efficiently process large volumes of text data. Our study focuses on VADER, a rule-based approach for sentiment analysis that utilizes a lexicon and syntactical and contextual rules to determine the sentiment of a given text. We aimed to optimize its performance further to increase its accuracy and precision. We implemented additional pre-processing steps, including removing stop words, lemmatizing, and stemming the text data to achieve this. Furthermore, we fine-tuned the sentiment score threshold to optimize the classification of neutral sentiment. As a result, we achieved higher accuracy and precision in our sentiment analysis results. Our research highlights the importance of pre-processing in sentiment analysis and showcases how even an already existing model like VADER can be optimized to improve its performance. These findings can aid researchers and practitioners in various fields in better understanding sentiment analysis and enhancing its accuracy and effectiveness.