bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Post Diagnostic Support for People with Dementia and Carers,”
Authors: Badalova Aygun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundProper name anomia is a common experience that can become amplified in patients with a diagnosis of dementia (PWD). The Gotcha! app aims to provide practice‐based therapy for PWD to relearn the names of key people in their lives. It has been developed according to the principles of errorless learning, which have previously been shown to improve the remembering the familiar people’s names and benefit the relationship between the PWD and their loved ones. (Clare et al, 1999, 2000, 2003).MethodGotcha! is a digital confrontation naming therapy app which enables patients to train one face per day by using photos that the app represents. During the development phase we carried our qualitative research (thematic analysis) on why PWD get involved in research projects such as ours. Gotcha! therapy block lasts for six weeks and prior to the therapy patients complete a multiple baseline paradigm with eight weekly tests of free naming of the to‐be trained faces. During the therapy, a novel speech verifier is used to provide real‐time feedback (Barbera et al. 2020). Two analyses method is used to investigate the behavioural data: 1) within‐subject non‐parametric analysis using Tau‐U metric (Parker et al. 2011); 2) a parametric group analysis using an ANOVAResultIn terms of the quantitative data, our results from the first 20 subjects showed:Within‐subjects, non‐parametric results1) Tau‐U. 80% showed a positive trend with better naming during the training phase with 8/20 reaching statistical significance.Parametric group results2) ANOVA demonstrated a significant effect at the group level of training>baseline phase, F (1,19) = 13.18, p = 0.01ConclusionApp‐based proper name anomia retraining works for the majority of PWD in our trial thus far. Being able to freely recall and produce the name of a relative or loved one has a big impact on people’s lives.
Coadministering nanonaringenin and vitamin E enhances hippocampal memory function and synaptic transmission in diabetic mice
Authors: OLAYINKA JULIET NNENDA , Egede Gabriella , Madu Victoria , Alari Hilda , Ezenwobi Chiamaka , Ekeh Cherechi , Igochukwu Anita Dimm , Akawa Oluwole Abidemi , Obisesan Abiola Oluwatosin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic conditions are associated with alterations in brain functions like memory deficits through processes like synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus. Administering a combination of silver nanonaringenin and vitamin E appears promising since they are known to prevent diabetes and memory deficits in previous studies, and nanoformulation of naringenin may be one way to improve delivery and bioavailability of naringenin in the brain. This study investigated the effects of co‐administering silver nanonaringenin and vitamin E against memory deficits and synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus of a mice model of high‐fat diet and streptozotocin (HS).MethodNinety male mice (n = 15) were divided into six groups and fed with high‐fat diet except the normal group for 28 days. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally) on day 22. Weight and blood glucose levels were taken every week. On day 15, mice in the pretreatment groups (PNg 12.5 + Vit E 200 mg/kg and PNg 25 + Vit E) started treatment while on day 29, mice in the posttreatment groups (PtNg 12.5 + Vit E and PtNg 25 + Vit E) commenced treatment till day 42. Memory function (Y‐maze and novel object recognition test (NORT)) were performed. The hippocampal cornus ammonus 1 (CA1) was harvested for biochemical assays using ELISA (acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) and insulin test). Immunofluorescence was used in detecting the expression of synaptophysin in the brain.ResultNanonaringenin and vitamin E restored memory function, and significantly decreased weight, glucose, insulin, and AChE levels in the HS‐treated mice compared to the HS group. Synaptophysin was scarcely expressed in the pretreatment (12.5 mg/kg) but densely expressed in the Pretreatment 25 mg/kg and Posttreatment (12.5 and 25 mg/kg) groups compared to the HS‐group.ConclusionCo‐administering silver nanonaringenin and vitamin E restored hippocampal memory function through reversing insulin resistance, cholinergic mechanism and restoring synaptic function in the CA1 of the hippocampus of HS‐induced mice.
Perceived Discrimination Influences Cognition in a Race‐Independent Manner
Authors: Ramanathan Shreya , Wharton Whitney , Williams McKayla , Swieboda Dominika , Butts Brittany 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundBlack/African American adults (B/AAs) are 64% more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD) than non‐Hispanic White adults (NHWs), and risk factors, including non‐biological determinants, are not fully delineated. Social determinants of health, such as socioeconomic status and lifetime discrimination, are associated with cognitive decline and increased AD risk. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships of a perceived discrimination measure with sociodemographic characteristics and cognitive function in a racially diverse cohort of middle‐aged adults with a parental history of AD.MethodsPerceived discrimination was assessed utilizing a compilation of self‐reported Perceived Discrimination measures including Expanded Everyday Discrimination, Coping with Discrimination, and Major Experiences of Discrimination from which six discrimination factors were extracted. Cognitive testing consisted of standardized tests in executive function, working memory, and verbal and visuospatial ability. Linear regression models were used to examine associations of perceived discrimination factor scores to cognitive function and sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsThere were no significant differences in Aβ42 between B/AAs and NHWs, but significantly lower levels of total tau (p = 0.004) and p‐tau (p = 0.004) in B/AAs were found. Race was negatively correlated with Disrespect (p = 0.02) and Professional (p = 0.001), and positively correlated with Avoidance (p = 0.04), such that B/AA participants reported more discrimination in these domains. There was a significant correlation between Housing and both MoCA (p = 0.03) and global cognition (p = 0.01). The impact of perceived Housing discrimination on MoCA score approached significant interaction with education (p = 0.051) in the limited participant data. This suggests that perceived housing discrimination is most influential on global cognition in individuals with postgraduate education. These results may reflect prior reports of housing discrimination in B/AAs and housing mobility, even in high SES individuals.ConclusionsWe found that perceived discrimination influences cognition in a race‐independent manner in this racially diverse middle‐aged cohort with a family history of AD. These results also might be stratified by educational attainment and resulting geographic mobility. This study highlights the importance and impact of social determinants of health on cognition, and overall AD risk.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of mobile health application interventions for community‐dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia
Authors: Wee Natalie Jian‐Ting , Lun Penny , Guo Liang , Shi Luming , Chan Edwin Shih‐Yen , Low Yiew Hock James 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundMobile health applications have the potential to enhance dementia care and promote well‐being among older adults living independently. This systematic review aims to synthesise and evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness of mobile applications developed to improve or maintain cognitive function among older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.MethodA systematic search was conducted across major electronic databases, including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and PsycInfo, to identify relevant studies published from 2012 to 2023. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomised controlled trials and observational studies that assessed the impact of mobile applications on cognitive function in individuals with MCI or dementia compared with standard clinical care. Meta‐analysis was conducted to quantify the effect of cognitive training using mobile applications on cognitive outcomes, with subgroup analysis to explore the potential difference between various types of interventions.ResultA total of 22 studies with 1227 patients (mean age range from 65 to 84) were included out of 5774 articles initially identified from the search. The included studies reported mobile applications with diverse cognitive training interventions applications run on a variety of digital platforms, such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops. A meta‐analysis was conducted to quantify the overall effect of cognitive training using mobile applications on cognitive function, employing standardized mean differences and random‐effects models.Preliminary findings suggest a positive effect of mobile health applications in improving cognitive function in cognitively‐impaired older adults. Subgroup analysis explored the impact of different types of cognitive interventions on the observed effects.ConclusionMobile applications improve cognitive function compared to standard clinical care in community‐dwelling older adults with cognitive impairment. This systematic review contributes to the understanding of the efficacy of cognitive training delivered via mobile applications for individuals with dementia. The synthesis of available evidence provides insights into the potential benefits of specific interventions and highlights gaps in the current literature. The results of this review have implications for the development of mobile applications to target cognitive function, and the design of future research studies aimed at assessing the use of mobile applications in individuals with dementia.
Exploring the Impact of Self‐Efficacy on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients and Their Care Partners: A Dyadic Analysis
Authors: Ren Dianxu , Tamres Lisa K , Lingler Jennifer H 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundResearch on the relationship between self‐efficacy and symptoms of depression and anxiety among individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been limited. Furthermore, few studies have explored this relationship within the context of dyadic couples (patient/care partners) rather than focusing solely on individuals. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between self‐efficacy in patient/care partner couples dealing with mild cognitive impairment and their symptoms of depression and anxiety using a dyadic analysis approach.MethodWe utilized baseline data from a NIH‐funded study for this cross‐sectional analysis. Participants were interviewed regarding self‐efficacy using The Coping Self‐Efficacy Scale, depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, and state anxiety using the Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. We employed the Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) to examine the relationships between outcomes (depressive symptoms and state anxiety) and the predictor (self‐efficacy scale) for patients with MCI and their care partners controlling for dyads' age, gender, education level and self‐efficacy respectively.ResultThe sample consisted of 82 dyads comprising patients with MCI (59.8% male, average age 72.6 years, average education 16.5 years) and their care partners (24.4% male, average age 66.8 years, average education 15.5 years). The average self‐efficacy, depression and anxiety were 203.6±28.7, 6.51±4.29 and 26.0±6.01 for patient and 202.4±36.9, 7.61±7.66 and 26.8±7.40 for care partner respectively. Regarding depression, there was a significant actor effect of self‐efficacy for both patients and care partners. Increased self‐efficacy was associated with decreased depression for both patients (β = ‐0.07, P<0.001) and care partners (β = ‐0.11, P<0.001). A marginally significant partner effect of care partner’s self‐efficacy on patient depression was observed (β = ‐0.05, P = 0.066), but no effect of patient’s self‐efficacy on caregiver’s depression was found. For anxiety, there was a significant actor effect of self‐efficacy for both patients and care partners. Increased self‐efficacy was associated with decreased anxiety for both patients (β = ‐0.11, P<0.001) and care partners (β = ‐0.11, P<0.001). However, no partner effects were observed.ConclusionOur findings emphasize the importance of considering patient/care partner dyads to better understand the complex interplay between psychological outcomes and predictors in the context of mild cognitive impairment.
Effects of chrysin loaded self‐nano emulsifying drug delivery system for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Vishwas Sukriti , Singh Sachin Kumar , Gulati Monica , Dua Kamal , Kakoty Violina , Bashir Bushra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of degenerative disorder that affects the brain. There are various herbal drugs that have been tested for their effectiveness in treating AD, and chrysin is one of them. Chrysin is a polyphenolic flavonoid that has several neuroprotective effects, including reducing the levels of AChE enzyme, accumulated amyloid β, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. It is also inherently senolytic, which helps to lessen the impact of cellular aging. However, chrysin has a limited ability to dissolve and is not easily absorbed by the blood‐brain barrier, which can reduce its effectiveness.MethodWe have developed a self‐emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for chrysin to address these issues using a Box‐Behnken design (BBD) approach. The pharmacokinetic studies showed that chrysin SNEDDS had significantly higher bioavailability than regular chrysin. The pharmacodynamic studies assessed cognitive and motor functions in rats.ResultSNEDDS has many advantages, including increased drug loading, ease of preparation, high stability, and increased bioavailability and blood‐brain barrier permeability. The optimized formulation of chrysin‐loaded SNEDDS resulted in a small droplet size, high drug loading, and good stability. The formulation was evaluated for its bioavailability, availability in the brain, and pharmacodynamic efficacy.ConclusionThe results showed that chrysin SNEDDS loaded significantly improved cognitive functions in AD‐induced rats at both low and high doses. The biochemical studies also demonstrated that chrysin SNEDDS loaded reduced the levels of AChE enzyme, amyloid β, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation.
Identifying priorities for medication management resources for people living with dementia and their care givers through community action
Authors: Watson Karen , Cross Amanda , Jokanovic Natali , Wesson Jacqueline , Lo Joanne , Gnjidic Danijela , Sawan Mouna J 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPeople with dementia and their care givers are provided limited guidance in medication management, potentially contributing to medication‐related harm. Importantly, there are no resources that provide comprehensive medication management guidance across care settings. To ensure that resources are co‐designed, genuine involvement of people with dementia, their care givers and the community in identifying the priorities for medication management guidance resources is needed. We explored community‐centred priorities for medication management guidance resources for people with dementia and their care givers.MethodsWe established a 23‐member consortium partnership with people living with dementia, care givers, healthcare professionals, and national consumer and professional organisations using a community‐based participatory research approach. A qualitative descriptive design, using four focus groups and two interviews with key informants was conducted between September to December 2023 to explore partners’ priorities for medication management resources across care settings. Content analysis was performed to generate a list of priorities.ResultsThe key priorities for inclusion in the medication resource were to: 1) empower the person with dementia and their care givers to make informed choices, by providing pragmatic and accessible information to meet their needs and promote key questions to engage health providers in shared decision‐making; 2) inclusion of strategies to address medication challenges, and 3) suggested format and setting for the availability of information.ConclusionThis is the first time a community action approach has been adopted to co‐design resources to support people with dementia and care givers in medication management challenges. The community‐centred priorities will be used to generate an inventory of consumer‐tailored communication strategies for people with dementia and their care givers.
Everyday Life of People Living with Dementia and its Impact on Their Lifestyle
Authors: Ali Istikhar , Dey Aparajit Ballav 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis ethnographic inquiry offers a nuanced exploration into the lives of individuals contending with dementia in India, utilizing data from the Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI‐DAD). Recognizing dementia as a complex global health challenge, we delve into its unique manifestations within India’s diverse regional and cultural landscape. While LASI‐DAD provides valuable quantitative insights into prevalence and risk factors, our research complements these statistics by providing an in‐depth understanding of the daily lives and lifestyles of those affected.MethodEmploying purposive sampling, we meticulously captured diverse experiences across regions, languages, and socioeconomic backgrounds of individuals aged 60 and older. Through a blend of participant observation and in‐depth interviews, we systematically unraveled the multifaceted dimensions of living with dementia in India, exploring daily routines, coping strategies, and familial and societal dynamics.ResultThematic analysis illuminated the profound realities encapsulated in the “Everyday Life of People Living with Dementia and Its Impact on Their Lives,” revealing two interconnected sub‐themes: 1. Emotional Struggles, where participants vividly described challenges adapting to contemporary settings and the emotional toll of living with dementia. 2. Evolving Social Dynamics and Behavioral Changes, wherein participants shared experiences of feeling marginalized in social settings amid the changes in their behavior and cognition.This ethnographic inquiry extends beyond academic realms, carrying profound implications for individuals living with dementia and their families in India and globally. As the global dementia burden intensifies, our study contributes insights that foster more compassionate, culturally sensitive, and effective approaches to dementia care and management.ConclusionThis study serve as the foundation for a broad exploration of the multifaceted experiences of people living with dementia, these insights are crucial for developing empathetic and effective support systems. The integration of ethnographic methods with LASI‐DAD’s dataset in this study provides a regionally and culturally nuanced understanding of dementia in India. Our research also significantly informs local healthcare and support systems, enriching the global discourse on dementia and offering vital insights to enhance the quality of life for individuals living with dementia, their families, and caregivers, both in India and worldwide.
Combined use of plasma p‐tau 181 and neurofilament light chain in Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment: future perspective and clinical applicability
Authors: Giacomucci Giulia , Mazzeo Salvatore , Ingannato Assunta , Crucitti Chiara , Bagnoli Silvia , Padiglioni Sonia , Galdo Giulia , Emiliani Filippo , Frigerio Daniele , Moschini Valentina , Morinelli Carmen , Sorbi Sandro , Nacmias Benedetta , Bessi Valentina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThere is an urgent need to move the use of plasma biomarkers from research setting to clinical practice for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aims of the study were to explore the combined use of plasma p‐tau181 and NfL in Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients, evaluating diagnostic accuracy and concordance to propose a flow chart for the clinical applicability.MethodWe included 43 SCD, 41 MCI and 21 AD‐dementia (AD‐d) patients, who underwent plasma p‐tau181 and NfL analysis with SiMoA assay. Twenty‐eight SCD, 41 MCI and 21 AD‐d patients underwent CSF biomarkers analysis (Aβ1‐42, Aβ1‐42/1‐40, p‐tau, t‐tau) and were classified as carriers of AD pathology (AP+) it they were A+/T+ (regardless of N), or non‐carriers (AP‐) when they were A‐ (regardless of T and N), A+/T‐/N‐, or A+/T‐/N+ according to the A/T(N) system.ResultPlasma p‐tau181 and NfL separately showed a good accuracy (AUC=0.88), while the combined model (NfL+p‐tau181) showed an excellent accuracy (AUC=0.092) in discriminating AP+ from AP‐ patients in SCD and MCI. Plasma p‐tau181 and NfL presented only a moderate concordance (Coehn’s k=0.50, p<0.001) in discriminating AP+ from AP‐ patients. Concordant negative cases showed 10.25% of false negativity, concordant positive cases presented 6.66% of false positivity. The only NfL+/p‐tau181‐ patient was AP+. In NfL‐/p‐tau181+, 57.14% of cases were AP‐. A logistic regression analysis showed that both p‐tau181 and NfL significantly influenced the risk of having AD pathology. Using the regression coefficients associated with the two covariates in the logistic model (p‐tau181 and NfL), we estimated the risk of AD pathology: 10.91% (95%C.I. 3.55‐18.27) if both p‐tau181 and NfL were negative; 41.10% (95%C.I. 29.49‐52.71) and 76.49% (95%C.I. 66.48‐86.50) if only one biomarker was positive (respectively p‐tau18 and NfL); 94.88% (95%C.I. 89.69‐100) if both p‐tau181 and NfL were positive.ConclusionConsidering the moderate concordance and the risk of presenting an underlying AD pathology according to the positivity of plasma p‐tau181 and NfL, the combined use of plasma p‐tau181 and NfL may give added value for the correct interpretation and the detection of AD pathology.