bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric analysis of “sarcopenia” in Web of Science
Authors: Koca Tuba Tülay 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Background
Sarcopenia is defined as age-related muscle wasting defined by the combination of appendicular muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance measures. Here, we made a bibliometric analysis of the publications published in the Web of Science (WoS) between 2018 and 2023 in terms of “sarcopenia.” In total, 12,461 articles were analyzed. The authors, publication year, title, publishing country/journal/institution, keywords, Web of Science categories, publishers, indexes, citation topics, and reports were reviewed for each article. All digital researches were done on January 03, 2023.

Results
Among 12,461 articles, according to documents types, 8855 were research articles, 1793 were reviews, 1028 were meeting abstracts, 3963 were early accesses, 364 were letters, and others (proceeding paper, correction, book chapter, etc.). A total of 7446 was open accesses.
According to the number of papers and according to publication year, 3537 were in 2021 (highest), 3349 were in 2022, 3024 were in 2020, 2532 were in 2019, and 19 were in 2023. According to the top 5 Web of Science categories list, 2792 were in Geriatrics Gerontology, 1857 were in Nutrition Dietetics, 1575 were in Medicine General Internal, 983 were in Oncology, and 914 were in Endocrinology and Metabolism. Additionally, 243 papers were in Sport Sciences, 201 were in Rehabilitation, 196 were in Rheumatology, and 187 were in Clinical Neurology.
Top citation topics were Nutrition and Dietetics (6225), Musculoskeletal Disorders (803), Bone Disease (251), Urology & Nephrology-General (236), and Hepatitis (163) (respectively). The number of citing articles, between 2019 and 2023 years, was 39,534 (with self-citations) and 39,088 (without self-citations); times cited was 94,584 (with self-citations) and 69,585 (without self-citations).

Conclusion
Our study highlights the characteristics of researches in sarcopenia and provides an objective insight into the importance of sarcopenia in elderly and patients with chronic rheumatic diseases.
Improving robustness of spatial networks via reinforced nodes
Authors: Vaturi Nir , Gross Bnaya , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Many real-world networks are embedded in space, and their resilience in the presence of reinforced nodes has not been studied. In this paper, we use a spatial network model with an exponential distribution of link length r and a characteristic length ζ to model such networks. We find that reinforced nodes can significantly increase the resilience of the networks, which varies with the strength of spatial embedding. We also study different reinforced node distribution strategies for improving the network's resilience. Interestingly, we find that the best strategy is highly dependent on the expected magnitude of failures which we analyze using percolation theory. Finally, we show that the reinforced nodes are analogous to an external field in the percolation phase transition and that their critical exponents satisfy Widom's relation.
The path integral formula for the stochastic evolutionary game dynamics
Authors: Li Minlan , An Kun , Liu Chang , Tao Yi , Wang Chao , Wang Rui-Wu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although the long-term behavior of stochastic evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations has been fully investigated, its evolutionary characteristics in a limited period of time is still unclear. In order to answer this question, we introduce the formulation of the path integral approach for evolutionary game theory. In this framework, the transition probability is the sum of all the evolutionary paths. The path integral formula of the transition probability is expected to be a new mathematical tool to explore the stochastic game evolutionary dynamics. As an example, we derive the transition probability for stochastic evolutionary game dynamics by the path integral in a limited period of time with the updating rule of the Wright-Fisher process.
Sheltering in Place
Authors: Burrus Virginia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This essay explores the relationship of solitude to place in Jerome’s fourth-century Life of Saint Hilarion. It does so through the medium of Burrus’s own experience of solitude and place. In 2020, having planned to visit Hilarion’s mountaintop hermitage in Cyprus, she found herself instead weathering the pandemic at the Clark Art Institute in Williamstown, Massachusetts. Thus she came to know Hilarion’s Cyprus by developing a relationship with the northern Berkshires; she came to know Hilarion’s solitude by experiencing her own. The essay reperforms this interspatial dynamic, reading Jerome through the mediation of four objects of art that Burrus encountered on the Clark campus in 2020–21. Three are contemporary sculptures—Kelly Akashi’s A Device to See the World Twice (2020), Thomas Schütte’s Crystal (2015), and Giuseppe Penone’s Le foglie delle radici (The Leaves of Roots) (2011)—and one is a seventeenth-century map. Burrus suggests that solitude allows us to know place (and ourselves as part of it) more deeply and intimately, offers a vantage point for seeing further and more clearly, undoes our sense of distinctiveness as humans, and transforms the intervals and flows of our movements in space.
Synguler
Authors: Staples James C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMargery Kempe establishes the authority of her body and pleasures on the grounds of her “singularity,” leading her to defend a stance on universal salvation from an expansive conception of Heaven that is surprising in its acceptance of sexual gratifications. Drawn in part from Richard Rolle’s self-authorizing singularity that unites the term’s meanings of both solitude and exceptionality, Kempe’s term is fitted to the circumstances of her own social, worldly life. She presents her achieved solitude not as a turning away from the world, but instead as the world’s rejecting her, and specifically her eccentricities. Her life story proposes that the more singular she is, the more people will resist her; and the more that people resist her, the more surely her singular life is confirmed as God-inspired. Her singularity thus brings about the will of God, and her singular life affirms her material body as a glorified body in a realization of Heaven on earth. From her embrace of singularity, Kempe discovers a revaluation of bodily pleasure and a reimagining of community that results in her insistence on a Kingdom of Heaven open to everyone, a community based on the celebration of singularities—however queer—rather than on conformity.
Popular Politics and Epidemics in Eastern Arabia
Authors: Goffman Laura Frances 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs communities tried to make sense of COVID-19, media outlets around the world reached for illustrative examples of past pandemics. In Qatif, a city on Saudi Arabia's Persian Gulf coast, memories of a 1970 quarantine surfaced in local media as the pandemic unfolded. This article investigates why COVID-19 prompted public remembering of a state-imposed cholera quarantine in Qatif in 1970 by reconstructing three formative assemblages of disease and popular politics. First, a 1953 speech by leftist activist Nasir al-Saʿid in the wake of massive strikes demonstrates how activists rhetorically connected the labor movement in Eastern Province with popular demands for health care. Second, the shift from neglect of localized epidemics to the state's expanding reach into quotidian life from the 1940s through the 1960s shows how even as public health developed as a tool of governance, local people interpreted medical services as manifestations of privilege and inequality. The final section explores how expanding state authority over Eastern Province and the state's embrace of coercive epidemic management converged on the regime's 1970 cholera quarantine in Qatif. In the twenty-first-century COVID-19 response, public memory of the 1970 quarantine has provided a space for people to articulate competing narratives. Linking together these constellations of health and politics renders visible patterns of repression and protest in a public sphere that typically silences histories of dissent.
PEG10 viral aspartic protease domain is essential for the maintenance of fetal capillary structure in the mouse placenta
Authors: Shiura Hirosuke , Ono Ryuichi , Tachibana Saori , Kohda Takashi , Kaneko-Ishino Tomoko , Ishino Fumitoshi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The therian-specific gene paternally expressed 10 (Peg10) plays an essential role in placenta formation: Peg10 knockout mice exhibit early embryonic lethality as a result of severe placental defects. The PEG10 protein exhibits homology with long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon GAG and POL proteins; therefore, we generated mice harboring a mutation in the highly conserved viral aspartic protease motif in the POL-like region of PEG10 because this motif is essential for the life cycle of LTR retrotransposons/retroviruses. Intriguingly, frequent perinatal lethality, not early embryonic lethality, was observed with fetal and placental growth retardation starting mid-gestation. In the mutant placentas, severe defects were observed in the fetal vasculature, where PEG10 is expressed in the three trophoblast cell layers that surround fetal capillary endothelial cells. Thus, Peg10 has essential roles, not only in early placenta formation, but also in placental vasculature maintenance from mid- to late-gestation. This implies that along the feto-maternal placenta interface an interaction occurs between two retrovirus-derived genes, Peg10 and retrotransposon Gag like 1 (Rtl1, also called Peg11), that is essential for the maintenance of fetal capillary endothelial cells.
TFEB – at the crossroads of host–pathogen interactions
Authors: Keerti  , Pant Aarti , Manjithaya Ravi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The existence of constantly evolving dynamic interactions between the host and the pathogen determines their fate in this continuous arms race. Hence, identifying the molecular basis of processes that reinforce host defensive strategies to eliminate intracellular pathogens is of utmost significance. Pathogenic intrusion activates autophagy and phagocytic pathways that culminate in the lysosome, a vital organelle responsible for pathogen clearance. The transcription factor TFEB plays a pivotal role in autophagy-lysosomal function. Although TFEB is an emerging transcription factor in the field of immune signaling pathways, its role in infectious diseases remains contentious. Recent evidence suggests that infection with certain bacterial and viral pathogens causes TFEB, which is normally located in the cytoplasm, to translocate to the nucleus. There, it activates the transcription of genes that trigger the autophagy-lysosomal and inflammatory pathways to target intracellular pathogens. It is known that some pathogens modulate TFEB to establish themselves inside the host; in some cases, pathogens restrict TFEB to the cytoplasm, whereas in others, functional TFEB fuels pathogen survival and replication. However, the key regulators and molecular mechanisms that decide the outcome of TFEB function during intracellular infection are not clear. In this Review, we attempt to dissect the complex functions of TFEB in host–pathogen interactions and explore the suitability of TFEB as a therapeutic target of clinical relevance.
Effects of colchicine on the golgi complex and gerl of cultured rat peritoneal macrophages and epiphyseal chondrocytes
Authors: Thyberg Johan , Piasek Andrzej , Moskalewski Stanislaw 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Thioglycollate-elicited rat peritoneal macrophages and epiphyseal chondrocytes were cultured in vitro, treated with colchicine, and then studied by electron-microscopic and cytochemical techniques. Colchicine, but not lumicolchicine, caused disappearance of cytoplasmic microtubules and breakup of the Golgi complex with spreading of its dictyosomes from a well defined juxtanuclear area throughout the cytoplasm. There was also an altered distribution of lysosomes, which oriented themselves close to the dictyosomes both in control and colchicine-treated cells. Further, the structure of the individual dictyosomes was changed, especially in the chondrocytes. GERL equivalents were observed in control cells but were difficult to detect after exposure to colchicine. Reaction product for thiamine pyrophosphatase was found in narrow cisternae on the inner side of the dictyosomes in control cells but in vacuole-like structures in colchicine-treated cells. Reaction product for acid phosphatase was present in GERL equivalents and lysosomes in control cells but mainly in lysosomes in colchicine-treated cells. Nevertheless, the total specific activities of these enzymes as well as of 5′-nucleotidase, a plasma membrane marker, remained unaffected by the drug treatment.
These observations show that cytoplasmic microtubules play an important and, in many respects similar, cytoskeletal role in two so functionally diverse cell types as macrophages and chondrocytes. They are particularly important for the structural integrity of the Golgi complex, which in both cells is normally organized in the area around the centrioles, from which numerous microtubules radiate into the cytoplasm. The observations further suggest that GERL is an integrated part of the Golgi complex in these cells.
Switchable Stiffness of Composite Hydrogels Triggered by Thermoresponsive Phase-Change Particles
Authors: Roopsung Nontarin , An Thuy Le Huynh , Sugawara Akihide , Asoh Taka-Aki , Hsu Yu-I , Uyama Hiroshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thermoresponsive hydrogel with switchable mechanical properties was developed by incorporating poly(stearyl methacrylate) (PSMA) as a responsive domain into bacterial cellulose (BC) as a supporting hydrogel. The PSMA particles in BC exhibited a reinforcing effect below their melting temperature (Tm) and a reduced effect above Tm, leading to significant responsive behavior.
Automated detection of over- and under-dispersion in baseline tables in randomised controlled trials
Authors: Barnett Adrian 
Published: May 2023

Background: Papers describing the results of a randomised trial should include a baseline table that compares the characteristics of randomised groups. Researchers who fraudulently generate trials often unwittingly create baseline tables that are implausibly similar (under-dispersed) or have large differences between groups (over-dispersed). I aimed to create an automated algorithm to screen for under- and over-dispersion in the baseline tables of randomised trials. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study I examined 2,245 randomised controlled trials published in health and medical journals on PubMed Central. I estimated the probability that a trial's baseline summary statistics were under- or over-dispersed using a Bayesian model that examined the distribution of t-statistics for the between-group differences, and compared this with an expected distribution without dispersion. I used a simulation study to test the ability of the model to find under- or over-dispersion and compared its performance with an existing test of dispersion based on a uniform test of p-values. My model combined categorical and continuous summary statistics, whereas the uniform test used only continuous statistics. Results: The algorithm had a relatively good accuracy for extracting the data from baseline tables, matching well on the size of the tables and sample size. Using t-statistics in the Bayesian model out-performed the uniform test of p-values, which had many false positives for skewed, categorical and rounded data that were not under- or over-dispersed. For trials published on PubMed Central, some tables appeared under- or over-dispersed because they had an atypical presentation or had reporting errors. Some trials flagged as under-dispersed had groups with strikingly similar summary statistics. Conclusions: Automated screening for fraud of all submitted trials is challenging due to the widely varying presentation of baseline tables. The Bayesian model could be useful in targeted checks of suspected trials or authors.
Formulation and in vitro evaluation of meloxicam as a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system
Authors: Muhammed Saja Abdulkareem , Al-Kinani Khalid Kadhem 
Published: May 2023

Background: The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication meloxicam (MLX) belongs to the oxicam family and is used to reduce inflammation and pain. The aim of this study was to improve MLX's dispersibility and stability by producing it as a liquid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system since it is practically insoluble in water. Methods: Five different formulations were made by adjusting the amounts of propylene glycol, Transcutol P, Tween 80, and oleic acid oil and establishing a pseudo-ternary diagram in ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 3:4, respectively. All of the prepared formulations were tested for a variety of properties, including thermodynamic stability, polydispersity index, particle size distributions, dilution resistance, drug contents, dispersibility, in vitro solubility of the drug, and emulsification time. Results: F5 was chosen as the optimal MLX liquid self-microemulsion due to its higher drug content (99.8%), greater in vitro release (100% at 40 min), smaller droplet size (63 nm), lower polydispersity index (PDI) value (0.3), and higher stability (a zeta potential of -81 mV). Conclusions: According to the data provided here, the self-microemulsifying drug delivery system is the most practical method for improving the dispersibility and stability of MLX.
Endocranial volumes and human evolution
Authors: Tattersall Ian 
Published: May 2023

Enlarging brains have been held up as the classic (if not the only) example of a consistent long-term trend in human evolution. And hominin endocranial volumes certainly expanded four-fold over the subfamily’s seven-million-year history, while on a very coarse scale later hominids showed a strong tendency to have larger brains than earlier ones. However, closer scrutiny of this apparent trend reveals that it was extremely episodic and irregular, a fact that argues against the notion that it was driven by social interactions internal to the hominin clade. In addition, an overall tendency to brain volume increase was expressed independently and concurrently within at least three separate lineages of the genus Homo – suggesting that, whatever the exact influences were that promoted this global trend, they need to be sought among stimuli that acted comprehensively over the entire vast range of periods, geographies and environments that members of our subfamily occupied. Significantly, though, the dramatic recent shrinkage of the brain within the species Homo sapiens implies that the emergence of modern human cognition (via the adoption of the symbolic information processing mode, likely driven by the spontaneous invention of language in an exaptively enabled brain) was not the culmination of the overall hominin trend towards brain enlargement, but rather a departure from it.
Dietary patterns, body mass index, physical activity level and energy intake among the female elderly population in Mauritius
Authors: Ishnoo Yashwinee Bye , Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad , Doobaree Rishi Ram , Nazurally Nadeem , Jeewon Rajesh 
Published: May 2023

Background: The aging population is becoming a global issue and Mauritius has experienced a 20.4 % growth in the last four years. There is a lack of information regarding nutrition among the Mauritian elderly. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and energy intake and their associated factors, to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI), physical activity level (PAL), nutrition knowledge (NK) and energy intake among the female older adults. Methods: The study was carried out among 167 female participants aged 60 and above from both urban and rural areas in Mauritius. A questionnaire was used to determine their eating habits and food frequency, PAL, NK, anthropometric measurements and demographic data. Three 24-hour dietary recalls over three weeks were used to calculate the energy intake using the Tanzania food composition table and Nutritionist Pro software. SPSS was used to analyse the data. The main statistical tests used were ANOVA, Independent-samples t-test (ISTT), Pearson correlation and Chi-squared. Results: A significant relationship was found between age group and energy intake (p = 0.027), with individuals aged 70–89 having higher energy intake. Both BMI and PAL were significantly associated with energy intake (p ˂0.001). There was a moderate significant negative relationship between NK scores and energy intake (r = -0.474, p ˂0.001). Vegetarianism, eating difficulties and residence area did not have a statistically significant relationship with energy intake. There was a negative and significant correlation between consumption frequency of whole-grain carbohydrates and BMI and a significant positive relationship between BMI and consumption frequency of refined carbohydrates. Conclusions: The mean energy intake of the participants was much higher than the recommended daily allowance of caloric intake in India and other countries. Furthermore, the dietary pattern of the subjects was diversified including both healthy and unhealthy eating habits.
Forensic neuropsychopathological analysis on altered brain structures in combat veterans: A systematic review
Authors: Chouraeshkenazi Monique M. 
Published: May 2023

American combat veterans who served in OIF and OEF were diagnosed with severe neuropsychopathologies due to combat exposure and trauma. Studies on how combat exposure and trauma alter brain cortical structures were explored. The objective was to examine if combat veterans can remain on active duty or if they are predisposed to commit violent crimes was considered. However, limited data raised concerns about criminal responsibility for violent crimes. As evident, combat veterans with severe neuropsychopathologies do not meet personnel readiness standards, impacting military service obligations and national security operations. A systematic literature review included combat exposure effects and trauma on the brain. Data analysis processes were utilized using the PRISMA model to review pre-existing studies. Results revealed PTSD, mTBI, and depression comorbidities were leading neuropsychopathologies among combat veterans. Findings uncovered altered frontal lobes and anterior prefrontal cortex regions. Also, evidence showed combat veterans diagnosed with PTSD and depression were more likely to commit violent crimes. However, preliminary research could not determine if combat veterans are criminally liable, although they met the criteria for the insanity defense. Forensic neuropsychopathology identified the relationship between these conditions and the military legal system. Further research is recommended to examine severe neuropsychopathologies and affected brain regions through neuroimaging and advanced neuropsychological initiatives to improve mental healthcare practices within DoD.