bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wideband microstrip antenna operating in TM01 mode and its array with compact feed network
Authors: Shu Wen‐Juan , Li Jian‐Ying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis letter presents a broadband linearly polarized (LP) microstrip antenna operating in TM01 mode and its 2 × 2 array with a compact network. Different from the TM10 mode, the TM01 mode can be used to design arrays without a bending feed network. The impedance bandwidth (IBW) of the proposed antenna is 9.6% (2.19 GHz–2.41 GHz). Subsequently, the characteristic of this antenna operating in TM01 mode is employed to design a 2 × 2 planar array. The measured results show that the array has an IBW of 9.5%, a maximum gain of 11.4 dBi with low cross‐polarization.
Broadband high‐efficiency high‐gain dual‐beam empty substrate integrated waveguide cavity‐backed filtenna
Authors: Liang Mu‐Sheng , Wu Pei‐Fang , Hu Zhi‐Qiang , Wang Bing‐Zhong , Wang Ren 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA broadband high‐efficiency high‐gain empty substrate integrated waveguide cavity‐backed filtenna with dual beams is proposed. The antenna is vertically stacked by three cavities. Two rectangular slots are etched above the uppermost cavity to realize the radiation function. Since the interior of the cavity is covered with metal, the characteristics of the antenna are independent of the used dielectric substrate. The fractional bandwidth of the proposed filtenna is 21.1%, and the efficiency can reach more than 90% in the operational band. The antenna has good frequency selection properties, and the ratio of the −10 dB impedance bandwidth to the −3 dB impedance bandwidth is 0.88. Good gain flatness is obtained, the maximum gain of the filtenna within the operational band is 8 dBi. The proposed dual‐beam filtenna can realize broadband and filtering simultaneously, with low cost and high efficiency. It can be used in wireless communication systems.
The exchange rate of creatine CEST in mouse brain
Authors: Zhang Ziqin , Wang Kexin , Park Sooyeon , Li Anna , Li Yuguo , Weiss Robert G. , Xu Jiadi 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo estimate the exchange rate of creatine (Cr) CEST and to evaluate the pH sensitivity of guanidinium (Guan) CEST in the mouse brain.MethodsPolynomial and Lorentzian line‐shape fitting (PLOF) were implemented to extract the amine, amide, and Guan CEST signals from the brain Z‐spectrum at 11.7T. Wild‐type (WT) and knockout mice with the guanidinoacetate N‐methyltransferase deficiency (GAMT−/−) that have low Cr and phosphocreatine (PCr) concentrations in the brain were used to extract the CrCEST signal. To quantify the CrCEST exchange rate, a two‐step Bloch‐McConnell (BM) fitting was used to fit the CrCEST line‐shape, B1‐dependent CrCEST, and the pH response with different B1 values. The pH in the brain cells was altered by hypercapnia to measure the pH sensitivity of GuanCEST.ResultsComparison between the Z‐spectra of WT and GAMT−/− mice suggest that the CrCEST is between 20% and 25% of the GuanCEST in the Z‐spectrum at 1.95 ppm between B1 = 0.8 and 2 μT. The CrCEST exchange rate was found to be around 240–480 s−1 in the mouse brain, which is significantly lower than that in solutions (∼1000 s−1). The hypercapnia study on the mouse brain revealed that CrCEST at B1 = 2 μT and amineCEST at B1 = 0.8 μT are highly sensitive to pH change in the WT mouse brain.ConclusionsThe in vivo CrCEST exchange rate is slow, and the acquisition parameters for the CrCEST should be adjusted accordingly. CrCEST is the major contribution to the opposite pH‐dependence of GuanCEST signal under different conditions of B1 in the brain.
Concomitant magnetic‐field compensation for 2D spiral‐ring turbo spin‐echo imaging at 0.55T and 1.5T
Authors: Wang Zhixing , Ramasawmy Rajiv , Feng Xue , Campbell‐Washburn Adrienne E. , Mugler John P. , Meyer Craig H. 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo develop 2D turbo spin‐echo (TSE) imaging using annular spiral rings (abbreviated “SPRING‐RIO TSE”) with compensation of concomitant gradient fields and B0 inhomogeneity at both 0.55T and 1.5T for fast T2‐weighted imaging.MethodsStrategies of gradient waveform modifications were implemented in SPRING‐RIO TSE for compensation of self‐squared concomitant gradient terms at the TE and across echo spacings, along with reconstruction‐based corrections to simultaneously compensate for the residual concomitant gradient and B0 field induced phase accruals along the readout. The signal pathway disturbance caused by time‐varying and spatially dependent concomitant fields was simulated, and echo‐to‐echo phase variations before and after sequence‐based compensation were compared. Images from SPRING‐RIO TSE with no compensation, with compensation, and Cartesian TSE were also compared via phantom and in vivo acquisitions.ResultsSimulation showed how concomitant fields affected the signal evolution with no compensation, and both simulation and phantom studies demonstrated the performance of the proposed sequence modifications, as well as the readout off‐resonance corrections. Volunteer data showed that after full correction, the SPRING‐RIO TSE sequence achieved high image quality with improved SNR efficiency (15%–20% increase), and reduced RF SAR (˜50% reduction), compared to the standard Cartesian TSE, presenting potential benefits, especially in regaining SNR at low‐field (0.55T).ConclusionImplementation of SPRING‐RIO TSE with concomitant field compensation was tested at 0.55T and 1.5T. The compensation principles can be extended to correct for other trajectory types that are time‐varying along the echo train and temporally asymmetric in TSE‐based imaging.
Impact of solid food provision within 24 hours of hospital admission on clinical outcomes for adult patients with acute pancreatitis: A literature review
Authors: Meyers Crystal , Rigassio Radler Diane , Zelig Rena S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAcute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disease necessitating hospitalization, with incidence increasing both in the United States and worldwide. Some recent guidelines for hospitalized patients with AP recommend initiation of oral feeding within 24 h of admission; however, a lack of clarity regarding feeding time and diet orders in clinical practice still exists. This review presents recent randomized clinical trials regarding feeding administration for patients with mild to moderate AP. The results indicate that initiation of a low‐fat solid oral diet within 24 h of admission does not increase the instance of negative outcomes and may also provide positive benefits to patients with AP.
Feeding volume advancement in preterm neonates: A level 4 neonatal intensive care unit quality improvement initiative
Authors: Lagerquist Eliza , al‐Haddad Benjamin J. S. , Irvine Jill , Muskthel Lucy , Rios Angel , Upadhyay Kirtikumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionBecause of provider variability in feeding guideline application, a quality improvement (QI) initiative was begun to better standardize feeding initiation and advancement for preterm infants. Our specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and timely aims included decreasing the time to reach full feeds by 35% and reducing the duration of central lines by 30% over 12 months in infants born between 25 and 30 weeks' gestation or with birth weight between 600 and 1250 g.MethodsRegistered dietitians tracked central line days, parenteral nutrition (PN), enteral nutrition, fortification, guideline adherence, anthropometrics, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) cases, and central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). QI progress charts were reviewed monthly.ResultsMean central line days decreased from 7.3 to 5.8. Days of PN decreased from 6.7 to 5.1. The day of life that enteral feeds were started decreased from 1.1 to 0.5. The number of days between starting enteral feeds and adding fortification decreased from 3.4 to 2.3 days. Full enteral feeds were achieved on average 2 days earlier. Birth weight was regained at around 10.2 days of life before the guideline was implemented and at a mean of 9.6 days after the guideline. There was no increase in cases of CLABSI or diagnoses of NEC.ConclusionAfter implementation of this feeding QI initiative at a level 4 neonatal intensive care unit, central line duration and PN use were decreased and infants reached full enteral feeds earlier without changes in cases of NEC, CLABSI, or time to regain birth weight.
Anderson acceleration for a regularized Bingham model
Authors: Pollock Sara , Rebholz Leo G. , Vargun Duygu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article studies a finite element discretization of the regularized Bingham equations that describe viscoplastic flow. An efficient nonlinear solver for the discrete model is then proposed and analyzed. The solver is based on Anderson acceleration (AA) applied to a Picard iteration, and we show accelerated convergence of the method by applying AA theory (recently developed by the authors) to the iteration, after showing sufficient smoothness properties of the associated fixed point operator. Numerical tests of spatial convergence are provided, as are results of the model for 2D and 3D driven cavity simulations. For each numerical test, the proposed nonlinear solver is also tested and shown to be very effective and robust with respect to the regularization parameter as it goes to zero.
Association of body mass index with the development of metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Mathur Vandana , Reaven Nancy L. , Funk Susan E. , Ferguson Thomas W. , Tangri Navdeep 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsHigher body mass index (BMI) is associated with higher bone mass and bone serves as a buffer during the development of metabolic acidosis. The authors sought to examine the relationship between BMI and metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Materials and MethodsThe study utilized a large US longitudinal data repository including over 103 million patients from healthcare provider organizations to evaluate the relationship between the exposure variable (BMI) and the prevalence and incidence of metabolic acidosis among patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Incident metabolic acidosis was identified at the first of two consecutive post‐index serum bicarbonate values, 10–365 days apart, between 12 and <22 mEq/L in patients with normal index serum bicarbonate. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for multiple variables including demographics, comorbidities, income, education, and kidney function.Results103,766 patients qualified for this study; 6472 (6.2%) had metabolic acidosis at index. An inverse association between BMI category and metabolic acidosis was observed for both baseline (prevalence) and new‐onset (incidence) metabolic acidosis. Compared to BMI category of 18.5 to <25 kg/m2, each category of incrementally higher BMI was associated with a decreasing risk of incident metabolic acidosis; the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.866 (0.824–0.911), 0.770 (0.729–0.813), 0.664 (0.622–0.709), and 0.612 (0.571–0.655) for BMI 25 to <30, 30 to <35, 35 to <40, and 40+ kg/m2, respectively.ConclusionsAmong patients with CKD, an incremental increase in BMI was inversely associated with both the prevalence and incidence of metabolic acidosis. These associations suggest that increased body weight may protect against the development of metabolic acidosis, a risk factor for progressive loss of kidney function.
Retention and weight outcomes after transitioning an intensive behavioral weight management program from an in‐person to a virtual format
Authors: Rothberg Amy E. , Marriott Deanna J. , Miller Nicole M. , Herman William H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundVirtual care offers many potential advantages over traditional in‐person care for people with chronic diseases including obesity. Before the COVID‐19 pandemic, virtual care was not broadly implemented because of regulatory, legal, and reimbursement barriers.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of the transition from an entirely in‐person format to a virtual format during the COVID‐19 pandemic on retention and weight reduction in a 2‐year, structured, intensive behavioral weight management program for people with moderate to severe obesity.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 1313 program participants stratified according to the phase of the program during which the transition to virtual visits occurred.ResultsAge, sex, and baseline weight were independent predictors of program retention. Transition to virtual visits was associated with greater 2‐year program retention. Retention but not mode of program delivery was associated with reduction in weight at 2‐year.ConclusionsTransition from in‐person to virtual program delivery improved retention and by doing so, indirectly improved weight loss at 2 years. Telemedicine has the potential to overcome many of the limitations associated with traditional in‐person weight loss interventions.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis research was reviewed and approved by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02043457). All participants provided written informed consent.
Engineering hydrophobic surface on polyethersulfone membrane with bio‐inspired coating for desalination with direct contact membrane distillation
Authors: Vafaei Kiarash , Ashtiani Farzin Zokaee , Karimi Mohammad , Ghorabi Shima 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel polyethersulfone (PES) membrane was prepared for desalination and treating saline feed solution containing humic acid in membrane distillation. PES has been selected to fabricate specialized membranes for direct contact membrane distillation, and membrane structure and characteristics have been controlled by dope solution composition and exposure time to water vapor during the phase inversion step. Since PES membranes are vulnerable to wetting, surface modification for hydrophobicity has been applied by a novel method inspired by lotus. This method uses a layer‐by‐layer surface modification of polydopamine, silver nanoparticles, and 1‐dodecanethiol to create adhesion, hierarchical roughness, and hydrophobicity. In dopamine polymerization, an oxidant has been added to improve the quality and speed of the process. Membranes were successfully fabricated and modified; the best‐case membrane with 30% triethylene glycol content and 30 s exposure time to water vapor showed outstanding results with 12.57 kg/h.m2 mass flux and 99.7% salt rejection in desalination also showed good results in treating saline feed containing humic acid with 10.02 kg/h.m2 flux and 99.71% rejection. The fabricated hydrophobic membrane's long‐term results showed promising and stable performance for commercial applications.
Constructing Fe2O3 particles uniformly grown on graphene oxide as additives for ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer thermal stability, thermal conductivity and anti‐static performance enhancement
Authors: Hong Xiansheng , Lin Fanyi , Zheng Weijie , Zheng Yuying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEthylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) has been widely used for packaging materials for decades. However, EVA was highly restricted due to the poor thermal stability and anti‐static performance. For enhancing thermal stability and anti‐static performances, a large number of additives were added to EVA, which seriously prejudice the processability and mechanical properties of the polymer. To address this problem, N‐doped reduced graphene oxide@Fe2O3 (RGF) was constructed as a heat and electronic conduction actor in EVA matrix in this work. As as‐prepared RGF composites shown, Fe2O3 particles well dispersed on the surface of RGO sheets, forming a point‐plane three‐dimensional structure. Therefore, the thermal conductivity and volume resistivity of the EVA composites reached 0.58 W/mK and 1.7 × 1010 ohm∙cm at 1.0 wt.% of RGF addition, which shows 284% folds increasement and 7 orders of magnitude decrement than neat EVA. Moreover, the storage modulus and thermal stability of EVA composites at 180°C were also improved. In sum, all those enhancements were attributed to the Fe2O3 particles well dispersed on RGO sheets, and amino groups from RGF provided mass of hydrogen bonds with EVA chains which provide more sites and path for heat and electronic conduction. In this work, RGF composites and its synthesis strategy show potential promising in the highly effective thermal and electrical exchange materials.
Synthesis and electrical characterization of poly[(linoleic acid)‐g‐(styrene)‐g‐(ε‐caprolactone)] graft copolymers as gate insulator for OFET devices
Authors: Gurel Murat , Cavus Fatma Kosovalı , Demir Ahmet , Doganci Erdinc , Alli Abdulkadir , Alli Sema 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study reports a one‐pot process used to synthesize poly[(linoleic acid)‐g‐(styrene)‐g‐(ε‐caprolactone)] (PLina‐g‐PSt‐g‐PCL) graft copolymers. The process was carried out by combining the atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene with the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone from polymeric linoleic acid having hydroxyl groups and bromine groups in the main chain. The characterization of the products was achieved using proton nuclear magnetic resonance, size‐exclusion chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Subsequently, an organic field effect transistor (OFET) was fabricated with PLina‐g‐PSt‐g‐PCL graft copolymers as the insulator layer. Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was used as the active layer and prepatterned OFET substrates were used as the welding/discharge electrodes. To measure capacitance, an ITO/P3HT/PLina‐g‐PSt‐g‐PCL/Al structure was prepared using the same method. To obtain output and transfer current–voltage characteristics, electrical characterizations of OFET devices were conducted in darkness and an atmosphere of air. From a capacitance–frequency plot, the key characteristics of the devices, including the threshold voltage (VTh), field effect mobility, and current on/off ratio (Ion/off), were derived. The fundamental electrical parameters in the fabricated OFET devices based on styrene concentration were thoroughly examined. It was observed that the produced PLina‐g‐PSt‐g‐PCL OFETs display positive device characteristics such as low VTh, exceptional mobility, and Ion/off values. © 2023 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Elementary teacher self‐efficacy after a year of teaching during COVID‐19
Authors: Pressley Tim , Rangel Rachel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore teacher self‐efficacy after a year of teaching during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Specifically, this study looked to replicate and extend previous research that explored teacher self‐efficacy during COVID‐19. The current study included 316 participants from the United States who completed the Teacher Self‐Efficacy Scale. The results found that teachers who had previously won Teacher of the Year (TOY) awards was a significant predictor of total, instructional, and classroom management self‐efficacy. Additionally, emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment significantly predicted all four self‐efficacy scales. Finally, administrative support significantly predicted engagement and classroom management self‐efficacy. The current study provides suggestions of variables that influenced teacher self‐efficacy at the end of the 2020–2021 school year, which was impacted by COVID‐19.
Pediatric pain knowledge and attitudes among health care professionals—A National Danish Survey
Authors: Würtz Gitte , Schmidt Christina , Jensen Claus Sixtus , Teilman Grete , Konradsen Hanne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo explore and compare Danish health‐care professionals’ attitudes and knowledge towards pain management of children.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study was carried out using the Pediatric Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to all health care professionals caring for children in three hospital settings, including nurses and physicians in departments of pediatric, emergency, and anesthesia and medical laboratory technologists.ResultsThe study was conducted in 2020 and 765 health care professionals participated. Within the six main categories included in the questionnaire, there were significant differences between nurses and physicians in three subcategories: view on the care of children in pain, using drugs to relieve pain, and the four mandatories. Comparing nurses with medical laboratory technicians, there were significant differences in the subcategory "view on the care of children in pain." Comparing types of clinical departments, there were significant differences in the subcategories’ view on the care of children in pain, using drugs to relieve pain, and the four mandatories. Overall, we found that the participating health professionals did not have a uniform understanding of pain management and therefore might treat children differently.ConclusionThe present study highlights the need to align health care professionals’ knowledge regarding pain assessment and management of children, as well as the need to develop and test interventions that support the use of knowledge in practice.
Drug‐Induced sleep endoscopy in children: NAVOTEL scoring system development
Authors: Qarbal Jawad , Le Treut‐Gay Claire , Allali Laure , Rossi Marie‐Eva , Nicollas Richard , Moreddu Eric 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesPediatric drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) lacks a universal and easy‐to‐use scoring system. The velum, oropharynx, tongue, epiglottis (VOTE) scoring system is widely used but needs to be completed in pediatrics. The main objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of obstructive sites in DISE and to propose an appropriate pediatric scoring system. The secondary objective was to evaluate the changes in surgical management induced by the proposed scoring system.MethodsA single‐center prospective 5‐year study was conducted from March 2016 to December 2021, including 99 children with a mean age of 7.2 years (±3.7), with pathological preoperative sleep recordings and undergoing DISE. The distribution of all upper airway obstructive sites was studied.ResultsAdenoids (A) were the most frequent obstructive site (63% of patients), and the nasal cavities (N) and the larynx (L) were other frequent obstructive sites. These sites are not explored by the VOTE scoring system, leading to the creation of the nose, adenoids, velum, oropharynx, tongue, epiglottis, larynx (NAVOTEL) scoring system. NAVOTEL was significantly correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) (ρ = 0.2; p = 0.04) and highlighted obstructive sites in 6/9 patients with VOTE = 0. Of these patients, 4 had a complete obstructive site, and 3 had a multisite obstruction. VOTE indicated 8 additional surgical actions; NAVOTEL indicated 50 other actions compared to clinical examination. The NAVOTEL scoring system was exhaustive regarding surgical indications for OSAS.ConclusionsThe NAVOTEL scoring system is exhaustive in pediatric DISE and correlated to OSAS severity. It should be preferred in pediatric DISE.
Ensuring natural gas infrastructure is suitable for hydrogen service
Authors: Ott Brian , Delafontaine Laurent , Welchert Nicholas A. , Dee Sean , Reza Ali 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper compares hazard and risk factors related to transporting hydrogen in natural gas pipelines. Properties of hydrogen‐compressed natural gas (HCNG) blends and typical materials for the construction of transmission and distribution systems are evaluated to address the key properties that might impact hazard and risk factors. ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) standards B31.8 and ASME B31.12 are reviewed for key differences applicable to HCNG blends. A methodology to identify compliance gaps and mitigate deficiencies if HCNG blends are transported in natural gas transportation systems is proposed.