bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessing Magnetite Poly(ethylene Glycol)-Block-Poly(propylene Glycol)-Block-Poly(ethylene Glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) Composites for Efficient Arsenic Removal in Water Treatment
Authors: Dahlan Nuraina Anisa , Veeramachineni Anand Kumar , Paramasivam Ragul , Patti Antonio , Pushpamalar Janarthanan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElevated arsenic levels in soil and water resources due to improper waste management by industry cause detrimental impacts on the environment and human health due to its carcinogenicity and high toxicity. This work demonstrated a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites for practical arsenic adsorption. The synthesis of γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites resulted in a high percentage yield of 91.4%. Morphological analyses confirmed the microstructures and crystallinity of γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites. Besides, HR-TEM showed a homogeneous distribution of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 25 nm. The peak at 452 cm−1 in FT-IR spectra corresponds to the Fe–O stretching vibration, thus confirming the presence of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The synthesized composites showed increasing surface area (31–117 m2/g) and thermal stability with increasing γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle compositions. The As(V) batch adsorption study revealed efficient As(V) removal up to 56.5 µg/g determined by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Furthermore, the equilibrium adsorptions were attained between 30 and 120 min. Notably, the adsorption capacity of the γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites increased significantly as the As(V) initial concentration increases. The research findings showed that the γ-Fe2O3-PEG-PPG-PEG composites could be potential adsorbents to treat arsenic-contaminated wastewater. Besides, the synthesized composites were proven to be economical and practical for scaling up due to their high product yield.
Current and future land fire risk mapping in the southern region of Sumatra, Indonesia, using CMIP6 data and GIS analysis
Authors: Rendana Muhammad , Idris Wan Mohd Razi , Rahim Sahibin Abdul , Abdo Hazem Ghassan , Almohamad Hussein , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah , Albanai Jasem A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLand fires lead to a deterioration of environmental quality and have perilous social and economic aspects. One method for mitigating this hazard is to determine the range of fire risk areas. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the current and potential future fire risk in the Ogan Komering Ilir, southern Sumatra region of Indonesia, using CMIP6 data and geospatial technology. In order to analyze fire risk areas, the Landsat 8 satellite image from 2021 (as a baseline period) was used. Variables like the normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the land surface temperature (LST) were extracted from the satellite image. Then, the standard precipitation index (SPI) was determined using rainfall data from meteorological stations. For future period prediction (periods 2021–2040 and 2041–2060), this study used future climate data from the CMIP6. By overlaying these variables, current and future fire risk zone maps were produced. The results obtained showed that in the current period, around 726.4 km2 (4.2%) of the area was at high fire risk, then 5,621.3 km2 (32.7%) and 10,835.3 km2 (63.1%) were at moderate and low fire risk zones, respectively. Furthermore, for the future period, this study estimated there was an increase in high fire risk areas of about 14% during 2021–2040 and 30% during 2041–2060. This was recorded in the southern and northern parts of the study area. Fire risk areas were strongly associated with NDMI, NDVI, and LST. The study's findings may be useful for land fire management in fire-prone areas.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of mycophenolic acid (MPA) using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) in pediatric renal transplant recipients: ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analytical method development, cross-validation, and clinical application
Authors: Kocur Arkadiusz , Rubik Jacek , Czarnowski Paweł , Czajkowska Agnieszka , Marszałek Dorota , Sierakowski Maciej , Górska Marta , Pawiński Tomasz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is widely used in posttransplant pharmacotherapy for pediatric patients after renal transplantation. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is a recent approach for sample collection, particularly during therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The recommended matrix for MPA determination is plasma (PL), and conversion between capillary-blood VAMS samples and PL concentrations is required for the appropriate interpretation of the results.

Methods
This study aimed to validate and develop a UHPLC-MS/MS method for MPA quantification in whole blood (WB), PL, and VAMS samples, with cross and clinical validation based on regression calculations. Methods were validated in the 0.10–15 µg/mL range for trough MPA concentration measurement according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines. Fifty pediatric patients treated with MPA after renal transplantation were included in this study. PL and WB samples were obtained via venipuncture, whereas VAMS samples were collected after the fingerstick. The conversion from VAMSMPA to PLMPA concentration was performed using formulas based on hematocrit values and a regression model.

Results
LC–MS/MS methods were successfully developed and validated according to EMA guidelines. The cross-correlation between the methods was evaluated using Passing-Bablok regression, Bland–Altman bias plots, and predictive performance calculations. Clinical validation of the developed method was successfully performed, and the formula based on regression was successfully validated for VAMSMPA to PLMPA concentration and confirmed on an independent group of samples.

Conclusions
This study is the first development of a triple matrix-based LC–MS/MS method for MPA determination in the pediatric population after renal transplantation. For the first time, the developed methods were cross-validated with routinely used HPLC–DAD protocol.

Graphical Abstract
Hierarchical Manta Ray Foraging Optimization with Weighted Fitness-Distance Balance Selection
Authors: Tang Zhentao , Wang Kaiyu , Tao Sichen , Todo Yuki , Wang Rong-Long , Gao Shangce 
Published: July 2023

AbstractManta ray foraging optimization (MRFO) tends to get trapped in local optima as it relies on the direction provided by the previous individual and the best individual as guidance to search for the optimal solution. As enriching population diversity can effectively solve this problem, in this paper, we introduce a hierarchical structure and weighted fitness-distance balance selection to improve the population diversity of the algorithm. The hierarchical structure allows individuals in different groups of the population to search for optimal solutions in different places, expanding the diversity of solutions. In MRFO, greedy selection based solely on fitness can lead to local solutions. We innovatively incorporate a distance metric into the selection strategy to increase selection diversity and find better solutions. A hierarchical manta ray foraging optimization with weighted fitness-distance balance selection (HMRFO) is proposed. Experimental results on IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation 2017 (CEC2017) functions show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to seven competitive algorithms, and the proposed method has little effect on the algorithm complexity of MRFO. The application of HMRFO to optimize real-world problems with large dimensions has also obtained good results, and the computational time is very short, making it a powerful alternative for very high-dimensional problems. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is further verified by analyzing the population diversity of HMRFO.
Cholera spike following monsoon floods in Pakistan: Challenges, efforts and recommendations (short communication)
Authors: Malikzai Abdullah , Qamar Khulud , Shaeen Sean Kaisser , Malik Umer Usman , Rafique Faryal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cholera has globally affected the world since the 19th century, resulting in numerous cases and deaths throughout time. In Pakistan, while Cholera had always been a threat to the country’s public health, the recent monsoon floods have exacerbated the situation. With high incidence of the disease, health care facilities are overburdened and inaccessible. Due to destruction of infrastructure and houses in the country, Pakistan’s health care services and WASH services are inadequate. This further leads to increased disease prevalence and transmission of Cholera. Despite global funding being carried out to alleviate economic struggles, Pakistan also requires disease surveillance, rapid treatment provision and widespread awareness to manage Cholera.
Three‐Dimensional Basin Depth Map of the Northern Los Angeles Basins From Gravity and Seismic Measurements
Authors: Villa Valeria , Li Yida , Clayton Robert W. , Persaud Patricia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe San Gabriel, Chino, and San Bernardino sedimentary basins in Southern California amplify earthquake ground motions and prolong the duration of shaking due to the basins' shape and low seismic velocities. In the event of a major earthquake rupture along the southern segment of the San Andreas fault, their connection and physical proximity to Los Angeles (LA) can produce a waveguide effect and amplify strong ground motions. Improved estimates of the shape and depth of the sediment‐basement interface are needed for more accurate ground‐shaking models. We obtain a three‐dimensional basement map of the basins by integrating gravity and seismic measurements. The travel time of the sediment‐basement P‐to‐S conversion, and the Bouguer gravity along 10 seismic lines, are combined to produce a linear relationship that is used to extend the 2D profiles to a 3D basin map. Basement depth is calculated using the predicted travel time constrained by gravity with an S‐wave velocity model of the area. The model is further constrained by the basement depths from 17 boreholes. The basement map shows the south‐central part of the San Gabriel basin is the deepest part and a significant gravity signature is associated with our interpretation of the Raymond fault. The Chino basin deepens toward the south and shallows northeastward. The San Bernardino basin deepens eastward along the edge of the San Jacinto Fault Zone. In addition, we demonstrate the benefit of using gravity data to aid in the interpretation of the sediment‐basement interface in receiver functions.
Viking Marsquakes 1976—Seismic Archaeology
Authors: Lazarewicz Andrew R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo date, three Mars landers carried seismometers: Viking 1 and 2 in 1976 (Viking 1 seismometer failed) and InSight in 2018. In 574 Sols (one Sol is one solar day on Mars), Viking detected one possible marsquake on Sol 80 and one discounted marsquake on Sol 53. Both events were recorded in Event Mode, a two‐channel (amplitude and frequency at 1 Hz) compression technique. In contrast, in 1440 Sols, InSight confirmed 1319 full waveform marsquakes. InSight's technology and capability were significantly better than Viking's, with wind and lander noise being significant for both missions. This project developed three evaluation tools: (a) Comparison and re‐evaluation of Viking Sol 80 and 53 with Viking wind data, (b) a recovered Viking tool to convert InSight waveforms to the Viking compressed Event Mode format, and (c) a new analysis tool to convert Viking compressed Event Mode approximate “reconstruction” to time series similar to InSight format. Evaluation using these tools allows answering the question “What would the Viking Seismology Team has concluded given the new information from InSight and the evaluation tools developed for this project?” Findings from these analyses confirm that both Viking Sol 80 and Sol 53 were marsquakes. The plausible conclusion that Sol 80 was a marsquake also provides potential information for estimating the crustal thickness in Utopia Planitia. Combining data and analysis from only two Mars landers containing working seismometers, landing 42 years apart, is planetary seismic archaeology.
Investigating the Occurrence of Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instabilities at Jupiter's Dawn Magnetopause
Authors: Montgomery J. , Ebert R. W. , Allegrini F. , Bagenal F. , Bolton S. J. , DiBraccio G. A. , Fuselier S. A. , Wilson R. J. , Masters Adam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe use the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability (KHI) condition with particle and magnetic field observations from Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment and MAG on Juno along the dawn flank of Jupiter's magnetosphere. We identify the occurrence of magnetopause crossings that show evidence of being KH (Kelvin‐Helmholtz) unstable. When estimating the k vector to be parallel to the velocity shear, we find that 25 of 62 (40%) magnetopause crossings satisfy the KHI condition. When considering the k vector of the maximum growth rate through a solid angle approach, we find that 60 of 62 (97%) events are KH unstable. This study shows evidence of KH waves at Jupiter's dawn flank, including primary drivers such as high velocity shears and changes in plasma pressure. Signatures of magnetic reconnection were also observed in ∼25% of the KH unstable crossings. We discuss these results and their implication for the prevalence of KHI at Juno's dawn magnetopause as measured by Juno.
Statistical Characteristics of the Occurrence of ERI and FRI in the Equatorial Ionosphere With Observations of JULIA Radar
Authors: Li Zhipeng , Yuan Zhigang , Xue Zuxiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBased on observations of the Jicamarca Unattended Long‐term investigations of the Ionosphere and Atmosphere (JULIA) radar, we perform statistical analysis on the occurrence of 3‐m‐scale E‐region irregularities and F‐region irregularities (FRI) in Jicamarca region of South America. The results show that there is a negative correlation between the occurrence rates of equatorial irregularities in E‐ and F‐region. When the equatorial spread F appears, the occurrence rate of irregularities in E‐layer decreases. By analyzing the ion zonal drift velocity detected by JULIA radar, it is proposed that the vertically polarized electric field in the bottom F‐layer could extend downward to E‐layer when FRI appears, leading to the weakening or even reversal of E‐layer electric field. As a result, the electron vertical drift velocity in the E‐layer decreases so as to suppress the growth rate of two‐stream instability, which cause a weakening or even disappearance of equatorial irregularities in E‐region.
Closing the Reactive Carbon Flux Budget: Observations From Dual Mass Spectrometers Over a Coniferous Forest
Authors: Vermeuel Michael P. , Millet Dylan B. , Farmer Delphine K. , Pothier Matson A. , Link Michael F. , Riches Mj , Williams Sara , Garofalo Lauren A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe use observations from dual high‐resolution mass spectrometers to characterize ecosystem‐atmosphere fluxes of reactive carbon across an extensive range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and test how well that exchange is represented in current chemical transport models. Measurements combined proton‐transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTRMS) and iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry (ICIMS) over a Colorado pine forest; together, these techniques have been shown to capture the majority of ambient VOC abundance and reactivity. Total VOC mass and associated OH reactivity fluxes were dominated by emissions of 2‐methyl‐3‐buten‐2‐ol, monoterpenes, and small oxygenated VOCs, with a small number of compounds detected by PTRMS driving the majority of both net and upward exchanges. Most of these dominant species are explicitly included in chemical models, and we find here that GEOS‐Chem accurately simulates the net and upward VOC mass and OH reactivity fluxes under clear sky conditions. However, large upward terpene fluxes occurred during sustained rainfall, and these are not captured by the model. Far more species contributed to the downward fluxes than are explicitly modeled, leading to a major underestimation of this key sink of atmospheric reactive carbon. This model bias mainly reflects missing and underestimated concentrations of depositing species, though inaccurate deposition velocities also contribute. The deposition underestimate is particularly large for assumed isoprene oxidation products, organic acids, and nitrates—species that are primarily detected by ICIMS. Net ecosystem‐atmosphere fluxes of ozone reactivity were dominated by sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes, highlighting the importance of these species for predicting near‐surface ozone, oxidants, and aerosols.
Neonatal brain MRI and short-term outcomes after acute provoked seizures
Authors: Li Yi , Scheffler Aaron , Barkovich Anthony James , Chang Taeun , Chu Catherine J. , Massey Shavonne L. , Abend Nicholas S. , Lemmon Monica E. , Thomas Cameron , Numis Adam , Franck Linda S. , Rogers Elizabeth , Callen Andrew , McCulloch Charles E. , Shellhaas Renée A. , Glass Hannah C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
We investigated how diagnosis and injury location on neonatal brain MRI following onset of acute provoked seizures was associated with short term outcome.

Study design
A multicenter cohort of neonates with acute provoked seizures enrolled in the Neonatal Seizure Registry. MRIs were centrally evaluated by a neuroradiologist for location of injury and radiologic diagnosis. Clinical outcomes were determined by chart review. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between MRI findings and outcomes.

Results
Among 236 newborns with MRI at median age 4 days (IQR 3–8), 91% had abnormal MRI. Radiologic diagnoses of intracranial hemorrhage (OR 3.2 [1.6–6.5], p < 0.001) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (OR 2.7 [1.4–5.4], p < 0.003) were associated with high seizure burden. Radiologic signs of intracranial infection were associated with abnormal neurologic examination at discharge (OR 3.9 [1.3–11.6], p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Findings on initial MRI can help with expectant counseling on short-term outcomes following acute provoked neonatal seizures.
Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions: reevaluation of the defining characteristics in a registry-based cohort
Authors: Metzgeroth Georgia , Steiner Laurenz , Naumann Nicole , Lübke Johannes , Kreil Sebastian , Fabarius Alice , Haferlach Claudia , Haferlach Torsten , Hofmann Wolf-Karsten , Cross Nicholas C. P. , Schwaab Juliana , Reiter Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn a registry-based analysis of 135 patients with “myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions” (MLN-TK; FIP1L1::PDGFRA, n = 78; PDGFRB, diverse fusions, n = 26; FGFR1, diverse, n = 9; JAK2, diverse, n = 11; ETV6::ABL1, n = 11), we sought to evaluate the disease-defining characteristics. In 81/135 (60%) evaluable patients, hypereosinophilia (>1.5 × 109/l) was observed in 40/44 (91%) FIP1L1::PDGFRA and 7/7 (100%) ETV6::ABL1 positive patients but only in 13/30 (43%) patients with PDGFRB, FGFR1, and JAK2 fusion genes while 9/30 (30%) patients had no eosinophilia. Monocytosis >1 × 109/l was identified in 27/81 (33%) patients, most frequently in association with hypereosinophilia (23/27, 85%). Overall, a blast phase (BP) was diagnosed in 38/135 (28%) patients (myeloid, 61%; lymphoid, 39%), which was at extramedullary sites in 18 (47%) patients. The comparison between patients with PDGFRA/PDGFRB vs. FGFR1, JAK2, and ETV6::ABL1 fusion genes revealed a similar occurrence of primary BP (17/104, 16% vs. 8/31 26%, p = 0.32), a lower frequency (5/87, 6% vs. 8/23, 35%, p = 0.003) of and a later progression (median 87 vs. 19 months, p = 0.053) into secondary BP, and a better overall survival from diagnosis of BP (17.1 vs. 1.7 years, p < 0.0008). We conclude that hypereosinophilia with or without monocytosis and various phenotypes of BP occur at variable frequencies in MLN-TK.
Resistance to immune checkpoint therapies by tumour-induced T-cell desertification and exclusion: key mechanisms, prognostication and new therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Wang Mona Meng , Coupland Sarah E. , Aittokallio Tero , Figueiredo Carlos R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint therapies (ICT) can reinvigorate the effector functions of anti-tumour T cells, improving cancer patient outcomes. Anti-tumour T cells are initially formed during their first contact (priming) with tumour antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Unfortunately, many patients are refractory to ICT because their tumours are considered to be ‘cold’ tumours—i.e., they do not allow the generation of T cells (so-called ‘desert’ tumours) or the infiltration of existing anti-tumour T cells (T-cell-excluded tumours). Desert tumours disturb antigen processing and priming of T cells by targeting APCs with suppressive tumour factors derived from their genetic instabilities. In contrast, T-cell-excluded tumours are characterised by blocking effective anti-tumour T lymphocytes infiltrating cancer masses by obstacles, such as fibrosis and tumour-cell-induced immunosuppression. This review delves into critical mechanisms by which cancer cells induce T-cell ‘desertification’ and ‘exclusion’ in ICT refractory tumours. Filling the gaps in our knowledge regarding these pro-tumoral mechanisms will aid researchers in developing novel class immunotherapies that aim at restoring T-cell generation with more efficient priming by APCs and leukocyte tumour trafficking. Such developments are expected to unleash the clinical benefit of ICT in refractory patients.
Flt1 produced by lung endothelial cells impairs ATII cell transdifferentiation and repair in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Volpe Maria Concetta , Ciucci Giulio , Zandomenego Giulia , Vuerich Roman , Ring Nadja Anneliese Ruth , Vodret Simone , Salton Francesco , Marchesan Pietro , Braga Luca , Marcuzzo Thomas , Bussani Rossana , Colliva Andrea , Piazza Silvano , Confalonieri Marco , Zacchigna Serena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disease, in which fibrotic tissue progressively replaces lung alveolar structure, resulting in chronic respiratory failure. Alveolar type II cells act as epithelial stem cells, being able to transdifferentiate into alveolar type I cells, which mediate gas exchange, thus contributing to lung homeostasis and repair after damage. Impaired epithelial transdifferentiation is emerging as a major pathogenetic mechanism driving both onset and progression of fibrosis in the lung. Here, we show that lung endothelial cells secrete angiocrine factors that regulate alveolar cell differentiation. Specifically, we build on our previous data on the anti-fibrotic microRNA-200c and identify the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor receptor 1, also named Flt1, as its main functional target in endothelial cells. Endothelial-specific knockout of Flt1 reproduces the anti-fibrotic effect of microRNA-200c against pulmonary fibrosis and results in the secretion of a pool of soluble factors and matrix components able to promote epithelial transdifferentiation in a paracrine manner. Collectively, these data indicate the existence of a complex endothelial-epithelial paracrine crosstalk in vitro and in vivo and position lung endothelial cells as a relevant therapeutic target in the fight against pulmonary fibrosis.