bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROJECT-BASED LEARNING FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF INDUSTRY 4.0: APPLICATION TO AUTOMOTIVE ASSEMBLY SYSTEM
Authors: Al khatib Ahmad , Malhaire Jean-Marie , Dauvé Stéphane , Fougères Alain-Jérôme 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFourth industrial revolution called Industry 4.0 has radically transformed production systems in manufacturing companies by the integration of emerging technologies. However, manufacturers must overcome several barriers, such as the lack of qualified talent to develop and manage various high-technology systems. Assembly system design aims to define proper assembly line configurations with the optimal performances to overcome increased competitiveness in the market. Nowadays, assembly system design should consider industry 4.0 concepts integration beyond traditional aspects like system balancing and sequencing. In this paper, we introduce a project-based learning approach to teach engineering students assembly system design taking into account industry 4.0 dimension. This project is carried out in collaboration with an industrial partner to design and implement car doors assembly line. The project demonstrated students interest and prepared them better for industry 4.0 era.
PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION – DEVELOPING DIGITAL TWINS IN A CASE STUDY
Authors: Hagedorn Lisa , Riedelsheimer Theresa , Stark Rainer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe current engineering environment demands for an increasing level of interdisciplinarity, innovation, creativity and cross-domain thinking as well as the consideration of sustainability aspects. New concepts, such as Digital Twins and complex product systems lead to the need for integrated product development approaches and new methods that put the user perspective in focus. This also needs to be an integral part in today's teaching concepts of the next generation of engineers.At the Department of Industrial Information Technology of the Technical University of Berlin, a case study was conducted by applying a concept of project-based learning in the engineering domain to address these challenges. In this paper, the case study as well as the method and its validation are presented. Students from different engineering disciplines had the task of developing virtual and physical prototypes for a sustainable, complex product system with a digital twin and respective sustainable business models. Within a structured survey, the teaching concept and the applied method were validated and lessons learned as well as further improvement measures are derived.
“WE ALWAYS THINK IT'S NEVER GOING TO HAPPEN TO US”: UNDERSTANDING WHAT MOTIVATES COMMUNITIES TO ENGAGE IN EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Authors: Maher Tera , Toh Christine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCommunity-based disaster risk reduction is an effective approach for emergency management to address the needs of communities. This approach focuses on identifying the community-specific needs and context of emergency management in that area to develop technologies that help mitigate effects of disasters. The complex network of community, technology, and user motivation makes it challenging to understand how to encourage users to adopt preparation efforts, as opposed to reactive measures that have been shown to be less effective and can lead to inequitable results. To address this research gap, qualitative interviews were conducted with participants from one medium-sized midwestern city in the United States to understand how community members think about preparation and make decision about adopting preventative technologies. The results of the qualitative analysis reveal that there were 5 main themes that are important to consider when developing technologies for emergency preparedness; Importance of communication during emergencies, the role of technology in emergency management, unequal access to resources, reaction instead of preparation, and motivation to engage in community preparedness and response.
PROPOSAL OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS METHOD FOR PRODUCTS CONSIDERING EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION IN ENGINEERING DESIGN
Authors: Okamoto Masahiro , Murakami Tamotsu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is important for organizations to balance exploration and exploitation in order to respond quickly and sustainably to the needs of society and users in a rapidly changing business environment. However, there is insufficient research on design methods to balance exploration and exploitation in product design, and a method to objectively identify the product groups to be balanced has not yet been established. In this paper, on the basis of the characteristics of exploration and exploitation in design, a cluster analysis using functional and attribute distances between products is proposed. To validate the proposed method, it was applied to past product cases in which the relationship between exploration and exploitation was known. The results showed that in the cases of cameras, in addition to known product groups forming large clusters, reasonable minor classifications that had not been identified were also obtained. This indicates that the proposed method is capable of analyzing reasonable clusters in the cases and is potentially effective in identifying product groups taking into consideration the relationship between exploration and exploitation.
PROTOTYPING FOR CHILDREN: UNDERSTANDING HOW FIDELITY AFFECTS CHILDREN'S COMPREHENSION OF PROTOTYPES
Authors: Codner Andria Carolynn , Lauff Carlye Anne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTesting prototypes with intended end users is critical to the design process. There is limited research on testing prototypes with certain types of end users, specifically children for toy products. Additionally, prototypes evolve in fidelity throughout a project, adding to the complexity in developing best practices for prototype testing. This paper analyzes children's understanding of physical prototypes at various levels of fidelity throughout a university semester-long design project developing wooden toys. Through analyzing students’ feedback on their prototype testing sessions, aspects of the prototypes that aid or inhibit children from understanding both form and function are uncovered. These aspects relate to Norman's principles of interaction and their inclusion in prototypes, specifically mental models, signifiers, and affordances. This paper suggests to include these principles in prototypes early in development to guide the user during testing. The goal of this research is to be a resource for those developing products for children, as well as adding knowledge around prototyping testing at various levels of fidelity.
REFRAMING HEARING AIDS – EXPLORING THE DESIGN SPACE OF ANALOGUE FASHIONABLE HEARING AIDS FOR USERS WITH MILD HEARING IMPAIRMENTS
Authors: Klöckner Hermann , Wiesner Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractContemporary digital in ear hearing aids are of significant importance for social participation of users with hearing impairments. Through the advancement of technology, extreme miniaturisation of these devices has been achieved. However, by no means all people who could benefit from a hearing aid actually use one. Cormack and Fortnum state that the majority (80%) of adults aged 55–74 years who would benefit from a hearing aid, do not use them. This is in line with Arnold and Makenzie who estimate a gap of a factor of 5 between people who would benefit from the use of a hearing aid than actually do acquire and use one. Even according to the statistics from the Federal Guild of Hearing Aid Acousticians in Germany, only 3.7 million use a hearing aid out of 5.4 million who have an induced hearing loss. This article explores the design space of fashionable analogue contemporary hearing aids.
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SENSOR NETWORKS AND THEIR DATA ACQUISITION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Meyer zu Westerhausen Sören , Schneider Jannik , Lachmayer Roland 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of sensor networks (SNs) on the surface or the inside of large-scale components allows the continuous acquisition of data on the applied loads and their structural integrity. A lot of publications on SN's system reliability deal with this topic from a hardware- or a data- and energy-oriented viewpoint. To give an overview on the state of the art in the field of reliability-oriented concept-optimization of SNs, a Systematic Literature Review is conducted. The found literature is used to investigate how different models combine the different viewpoints to analyse the system reliability. By analysing the results regarding the used reliability indicators and methods to assess the system reliability from the different viewpoints, it can be observed that most publications deal with the accuracy, loss and delay of data as well as the energy consumption in SNs. Few publications use common modelling methods like reliability block diagrams or Markov chains with a focus on the hardware reliability. Furthermore, none of the found publications combines the data, hardware and energy perspective and uses them to optimize a SN regarding its reliability from all three viewpoints.
RE-THINKING DESIGN REPRESENTATIONS IN DESIGN EDUCATION: AN INTERVIEW STUDY WITH PROFESSIONAL DESIGNERS
Authors: Eriksson Siw , Wallgren Pontus , Karlsson MariAnne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDesign representations are important tools for designers in the design process. To help designers choose the appropriate representation, taxonomies have been proposed based on type, degree of fidelity, and when to use them. However, Design representations may also play an important role in designers' communication with users and enabling users as co-designers. Therefore, new taxonomies, focusing on design representations’ potential mediating roles in collaborative design processes with users, have been developed. The purpose of this interview study, with twelve designers within Swedish industry, was thus to investigate how designers use design representations in communication with users in the design process. The study indicates that the designers mainly interacted with users in order for them to answer specific design questions or to evaluate design solutions. If design representations’ value for facilitating communication and collaboration with users should be emphasized, we need to shift from teaching mainly taxonomies related to fidelity levels or when to use them in the design process, and rather educate future designers about design representations inherent potential to mediate and enhance the dialogue with users.
RETROSPECTIVE CODING OF THE UX DESIGN PROCESS FOR UX DESIGN ENHANCEMENT IN DESIGN AGENCIES
Authors: Dabouis Benoît , Boccara Vincent , Yannou Bernard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUser Experience is becoming an increasing centre of interest both in the academic and industrial worlds. Design agencies are no strangers to this phenomenon and are willing to shift from product-oriented design toward user experience design. However, their design process is often loose which may explain a lack of final UX quality or proof of quality, and does not allow to diagnose misuses and improvement opportunities due to a lack of UX formulation and traceability. We propose in this paper to retrospectively represent a design project and its specified, designed and validated UX, in the perspective to conduct a posterior collective diagnosis of UX design in a design agency. The proposed representation model is used to analyse one design project. Results show that only a few UX traces are found in the presented project, and that many dimensions are not considered (like perceptions or affects). Finally, we discuss the next steps of this tool's deployment to create a shared mental model of the design process among the design players.
SHAPE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING AESTHETIC INTEREST ASSOCIATED WITH NOVELTY AND COMPLEXITY
Authors: Honda Shimon , Yanagisawa Hideyoshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDesign aesthetics are one of the most important factors affecting the attractiveness of industrial products. Psychological theory suggests that a moderate level of novelty and complexity yields pleasant feelings in users. A design that is initially surprising to consumers and acceptable over time requires aesthetic interest associated with its novelty and complexity. In this study, we formulated the perceived novelty and complexity of a closed contour shape. Based on this formulation, we developed “Hybrid-GAN,” which is a shape-generation system capable of generating a variety of shapes of arbitrary novelty and complexity. In a series of experiment, we obtained subjective evaluations of novelty and complexity, as well as beauty and interest, for the generated shape samples. The results indicated that our novelty and complexity formulations had significant positive correlations with subjective evaluations. The sum of the formulated novelty and complexity also had a significant positive correlation with interest. The results of this study are expected to be used to support the design of attractive shapes by providing feedback to designers regarding the degrees of novelty and complexity that users find most pleasant.
SUPPORTING STUDENT LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS WITH AUGMENTED REALITY EXPERIENCE
Authors: Hallmann Jona , Stechert Carsten , Ahmed Syed Imad-Uddin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe large availability of powerful mobile devices, such as smartphones or tablets, enables the location-independent use of augmented reality (AR) technology for various application areas with considerable added value. For example, AR experiences can be used to support students in laboratory courses during experiment preparation and execution to ensure a safe process and significantly improve the learning success. In addition, digital learning success controls can be realized with the extension of a database connection. In this paper, an AR-experience for the experiment of standing transverse and longitudinal waves is developed for the laboratory course of experimental physics. Finally, the effectiveness is tested with an evaluation by the students.
SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN A VUCA-WORLD: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY TO DEVELOP A PROCESS ORIENTATED METHOD OF RISK AND TECHNICAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors: Lechner Jennifer , Schlüter Nadine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRevolutionary changes of a VUCA-world are effecting more and more industries. Focusing the automotive industry, this is caused by several new trends in technology or market. This situation is requiring high flexibility and is questioning for sustainability as well as resilience in system development projects. This publication represents results out of a survey, part of a wider research. The objective is the development of a process orientated method for risk and technical change management. The survey is conducted by participants of transdisciplinary system development in automotive industry. Topics questioned are VUCA, complexity, (re-)action, quality and module interfaces of Generic Systems Engineering. The results demonstrate the participants’ experience and demands for sustainable and resilient system development projects. In conclusion, this report provides information on the considering elements to develop a process orientated method for risk and technical change management in automotive industry.
A NEW DESIGN METHOD FOR GENERATING SURROGATE KINEMATIC TRUSS ORTHOSES TO SUPPORT PATHOLOGICAL GAIT PATTERNS IN HUMAN MODEL SIMULATIONS
Authors: Steck Patrick , Scherb David , Mayer Johannes , Jäger Michael , Miehling Jörg , Völkl Harald , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith increasing life expectancy, the risk of diseases of the central nervous system, such as cancer, strokes, etc., also increases. Strokes often result in injury to the sciatic nerve, which is responsible for controlling the calf muscles (plantar and dorsal flexors). A so-called ankle joint orthosis (AFO) helps to support the pathological gait and to avoid foot drop during gait. Passive orthoses are of particular importance for research, as they do not require additional incoming energy from outside to the orthotic system. However, current passive orthoses are often not personalized. On the one hand, because they usually have only a temporary muscle-building function and, on the other hand, because the individual design process is computationally time consuming and thus expensive. This paper presents a possibility to pre-dimension and pre-design passive orthoses fast and cost-efficiently by reducing the complexity of the model based on volume-optimized truss elements. Therefor a traditional high calculation intensive design procedure is compared with the complexity reduced model to show its effectiviness and the similarity of the results.
A NEW METHOD FOR PASSIVE ANKLE FOOT ORTHOSIS DESIGN – INTEGRATION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL AND FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION
Authors: Scherb David , Steck Patrick , Völkl Harald , Wartzack Sandro , Miehling Jörg 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotor disorders are diseases affecting the muscle function of the human body. A frequently occurring motor disorder affects the lower leg muscles resulting in a pathological gait called foot drop. Patients have a higher risk of stumbling and falling. The most common treatment is the use of a passive ankle-foot-orthosis (AFO). However, the compensation of foot drop is only limited due to the non possible support of all rotational directions of the ankle joint. Therefore, a newly developed concept for a passive AFO is currently in work. To ensure a best possible treatment of the patient, the provided support by the AFO and required support by the patient have to be in accordance. Thus, in this contribution a method is presented that integrates model order reduced finite element analysis for computing the provided support of the AFO and musculoskeletal human models for representing the patients' gait behaviour. With the method, the design of the force generating structures of the AFO can be realized regarding the patients' requirements. The presented method is further evaluated with a specific use case. The main focus lies here in the principal functionality of the method and the provision of valid results.
THE INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEURISTIC DECISIONS AND COGNITIVE BIASES IN ENGINEERING STUDENTS AND JUNIOR ENGINEERS: CASE STUDIES FROM GERMANY AND THAILAND
Authors: Tanaiutchawoot Narucha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding heuristics and cognitive biases might lessen their impact since they can cause decision errors. From the responses to the survey for case studies, this study aims to investigate the fundamental understanding of heuristics and cognitive biases in engineering students and junior engineers from Germany and Thailand. The results indicated that the majority of participants knew very little about them. In a brief lecture, only few students from Germany knew about them. They had less of an impact on students who already knew them than on those who did not. However, engineers were unaware of them and are able to limit their effects. That implies that they can manage cognitive biases' effects without being aware of them. Therefore, experience is another crucial element in lessening the impact of biases. The behavior can also impact how much cognitive biases influence decision-making. Culture and environment affect the way of thinking. Although the finding suggests that knowledge is not the primary element in decreasing the impact of heuristics and cognitive biases, it is still vital to explain and further study the level of knowledge and the effectiveness of knowledge transfer to determine how they may have an impact.
TOWARD A FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE EXPERIENCE DESIGN EDUCATION AND AN ILLUSTRATIVE CASE OF A SERVICE DESIGN THINKING COURSE
Authors: Kim Yong Se , Kamal Rida 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn sustainable experience design education, experience activities of consumers and users, design activities of student designers, and education activities of instructors should be addressed. It would be meaningful to compare various sustainable experience design education efforts considering regional and cultural context. This paper describes a framework where experience, design and education activities are systematically represented with diverse contexts also represented in a structured manner. Student design projects in a service design thinking course are illustrated where sustainability is gently introduced.
TOWARDS A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE INFLUENCE OF VISUAL REFERENCES ON CONSUMER AESTHETIC PERCEPTION
Authors: Asuzu Chukwuma M , Olechowski Alison 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhen viewing a product for the first time, a consumer's aesthetic perception is based on their knowledge of other products, artefacts, and concepts. These mental images function as visual references for consumers and affect the processing fluency of the new product. Designers frequently use visual references as inspiration during the research stage of the design process. It has been documented, however, that there is a gap between designer intent and consumer response; Consumers do not always realize the intent of designers nor draw on the same visual references when perceiving a product, which can reduce their processing fluency of new products. Visual references differ from one consumer to the other which make them difficult to study. In this paper, we argue for a new way of studying visual references: by analyzing the cognitive process that occurs when consumers view a new product and recognize aspects of that product that are similar to visual references in their memory. We present a framework of three approaches for recognizing this similarity and implications for design practice.
TOWARDS A CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT INTEGRATION TO FEATURE MODELS IN MODEL-BASED PRODUCT LINE ENGINEERING
Authors: Lameh José , Dubray Alexandra , Jankovic Marija 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn parallel with the industry 4.0 revolution, customers’ demand and number of product requirements are increasing, inducing increased product variability. System complexity is growing with the new technologies and system architectures. Hence, maintaining a system consistent and in the desired state becomes crucial. This paper tackles two problems: a product's variability and its temporal evolution. Regarding variability, Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) methods and Product Line Engineering (PLE) techniques become essential to configuring products by selecting and arranging features in a combination. In parallel, versioning and temporal evolution are managed with the configuration management (CM) principles. A versioned feature model (FM) is proposed. In PLE methodology, the first step is to model variability through traditional FM. This research presents an extension of the FM by integrating CM into it. The versioned FM includes not only features’ variants but also their versions, making it evolve in time. This work is presented as a base for a work that will study the application of CM for PLE. This study is done in an automotive industry context at Renault Group, and the model proposed is applied to Renault's systems.