bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Causal Association Between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Arthritis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yiwei , Zhang Jiewen , Duan Xudong , Cao Ruomu , Kong Ning , Li Yiyang , Xing Fangze , Guan Huanshuai , Li Heng , Lei Yutian , Tian Run , Wang Kunzheng , Yang Pei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The long-term complications of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may be associated with the development of arthritis, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). However, the possible relationship between these two conditions remains unclear, hindering our understanding of both diseases. We conducted a novel study using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization to explore the potential causal bidirectional relationship between GDM and arthritis.
Methods
In this study, we extracted single nucleotide polymorphisms closely associated with GDM and arthritis (RA, OA) from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data in open databases as instrumental variables (IVs). We employed inverse variance-weighted as the main evaluation criterion, the weighted median method as a possible alternative criterion, and multiple methods as supplements to assess causal relationships. Results were presented as odds ratios (ORs). Additionally, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, horizontal pleiotropy, and heterogeneity tests were used to verify the reliability and stability of the results.
Result
Our results indicate a causal association between GDM and an increased risk of arthritis (RA: OR = 4.34, 95% CI = 3.49–5.41, P = 1.96 × 10–39, OA: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07, P = 5.27 × 10− 05). In reverse MR analysis, our findings supported the promoting effect of RA on the development of GDM (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.11–1.20, P = 4.44 × 10–14), while the evidence is insufficient to support the conclusion that OA affects the development of GDM (P = 0.757). The heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis demonstrated the reliability and stability of our study's results.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that genetically predisposed GDM increases the risk of developing arthritis (OA, RA). Additionally, genetically predisposed RA is causally associated with an increased risk of GDM. However, we did not find evidence for a causal association between genetically predisposed OA and GDM. These results contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of GDM and arthritis. Furthermore, our study has significant potential to guide clinical management and the prevention of complications in patients with GDM and arthritis.
Selenium supplements and Polycystic Ovary syndrome and its key risk factors: a Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Shen Jiayan , Xu Li , Ding Yang , Wu Xiaoyun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Observational investigations recommend that mineral supplements was associated with a higher risk of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its risk factors(insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and obesity), but the relationship with risk of PCOS, hyperandrogenism, obesity and insulin resistance was less clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential causal impact of genetically predicted levels of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and Omega-3 (ω-3) on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its associated risk factors.
Methods
A two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. The genetic variations obtained from GWAS of individuals with European ancestry were found to be associated with the levels of Ca, Mg, Zn, Se, Fe, or ω-3. The data obtained from the FinnGen Consortium and MAGIC were utilized for the outcome of GWAS. The primary approach employed in the study was the Inverse-Variance Weighted (IVW) MR analysis, which was complemented by additional sensitivity analyses such as the MR-Egger and Weighted Median methods.
Results
The study found that there was a correlation between Se and a reduced risk of insulin resistance, with a decrease of 2.2% according to random-effect IVW (OR 0.978, 95% CI 0.960–0.996, p = 0.015). The association between mineral supplement levels and PCOS was found to be limited, with an odds ratio (OR) ranging from 0.875(95% CI: 0.637–1.202, p-value = 0.411) for Ca. Correspondingly, Limited scientific proof was found for the efficacy of other mineral supplements on hyperandrogenism, obesity, and insulin resistance.
Conclusions
These findings suggested a causal relationship between the decreased Se with the risk of insulin resistance. Nonetheless, there is limited evidence supporting a causal association between various mineral supplements and the risk factors associated with PCOS.
CLPB: Chaotic Learner Performance based Behaviour
Authors: Franci Dona A. , Rashid Tarik A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Learner Performance-based Behavior (LPB) is a recent metaheuristic algorithm that is inspired by the process of accepting students who have recently graduated from high schools into various departments at university according to the student’s GPA (Grade Point Average). Two versions of the algorithm are available; single and multi-objective versions. The exploitation phase, convergence speed, and processing time (PT) of the LPB are not according to the required level.This paper aims to improve the performance of a single objective LPB through modification which helps in reducing its PT, getting closer to the global optima, and bypassing the local optima with the best convergence speed. For that, ten chaos theory maps are used within LPB to propose Chaotic LPB (CLPB) to consider which of the ten maps works well in case of performance. Another modification that has been made to LPB is that the best individuals of a sub-population are forced into the interior crossover to improve the quality of solutions. CLPB is evaluated against multiple well-known test functions such as classical (TF1_TF19) and (CEC_C06 2019). Additionally, the results have been compared to the standard LPB and several well-known metaheuristic algorithms such as DA, GA, and PSO. Finally, the numerical results show that CLPB has been improved with chaotic maps. Furthermore, it is verified that CLPB has a great ability in dealing with large optimization problems compared to LPB, GA, DA, and PSO. Overall, Gauss and Tent maps both have a great impact on improving CLPB.
Highly expressed HOXD-AS2 promotes the proliferation of cancer cell and leads to poor prognosis of colorectal cancer via TGF-β signaling pathway.
Authors: Li Bin , Ge Ning , Pan Zhongping , Hou Chaofeng , Xie Kun , Wang Dongfang , Liu Junwei , Wan Jie , Deng Feihong , Li Mengyi , luo Shuping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As important regulatory molecules, LncRNAs play an important role in regulating the pathological progress of malignant tumor. However, the effect of LncRNA-HOXD-AS2 on the prognosis of colorectal cancer and its regulatory mechanism has not been confirmed. Therefore, this study obtained the transcriptome data and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer from TCGA database to predict the impact of HOXD-AS2 on the prognosis of patients and its regulatory mechanism. It was found that the high expression of HOXD-AS2 had a positive relationship with the expression of pathological T and tumor stages and can significantly reduce the overall survival of patients and have diagnostic value for prognosis. Subsequent, GSEA prediction found that HOXD-AS2 could promote the activation of TGF-β signaling pathway. MTT assay and Ki67 staining assay confirmed that HOXD-AS2 knockdown could significantly inhibit the proliferation ability of the SW480 and SW620 cells of colorectal cancer. Transwell assay and wound healing assay demonstrated that knockdown of HOXD-AS2 could significantly inhibit the invasion and migration of SW480 and SW620 cells. Finally, Western blotting showed that the knockdown of HOXD-AS2 could significantly reduce the expression level of key proteins of TGF-β signaling pathway. Collectively, this study revealed the regulatory effect of HOXD-AS2 on the pathological mechanism of colorectal cancer for the first time, and broadened the molecular function of HOXD-AS2. The increased expression of HOXD-AS2 in colorectal cancer can be used as a biological target for the biological treatment of colorectal cancer.
Online assembly inspection integrating lightweight hybrid neural network with positioning box matching
Authors: Zhao Shiwen , Wang Junfeng , Li Wang , Lu Longfei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Assembly inspection methods have been widely used in the process of mechanical product assembly for quality issues. However, some challenges remain to be solved, such as low detection efficiency, poor accuracy and sensitive to camera view. This paper proposes an online assembly inspection scheme based on lightweight hybrid neural network and positioning box matching. A lightweight hybrid neural network is proposed to simultaneously detect key points and parts with high accuracy and strong robustness. Utilizing the key points detection results, the transformation relationships between the in-site assembly images and the standard templates are solved. According to the results of assembly parts detection, the detected 2D positioning bounding boxes are matched with those in the standard assembly templates, so as to evaluate whether the current step has quality problems. In addition, the proposed method is tested on an assembly dataset constructed in this paper. For key points detection, the average error is less than1 pixel. For parts detection, the mean average precision is 97.66%. The missing and wrong assembly inspection results show that the average F1score reaches 93.96%. This inspection method can be employed to detect the missing and wrong assembly errors of each assembly step online, improving the assembly quality of products.
Optical Coherence Tomography versus Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Imaging of the Anterior Segment in Diagnosing Acute Keratoconus: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yun , Guo Jinxi , Wang Mengmeng , Xu Jianfeng , Wei Wei , Xie Ming , Liu Chunxiao , Wang Ke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To compare and analyze the differences between anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in imaging acute keratoconus.
Method
The features of AS-OCT and UBM images of acute keratoconus patients in Hebei Eye Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.
Result
From May 2016 to September 2021, 43 patients (43 eyes) with acute keratoconus were treated at Hebei Eye Hospital. Both AS-OCT and UBM images showed a ruptured Descemet’s membrane, edema, thickening of the stromal layer, and fissures forming in it to connect to the anterior chamber. AS-OCT images showed an intact corneal epithelium, with 29 cases presenting with epithelial edema formation. UBM images showed Descemet’s membrane detachment with a break in 28 cases. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the Descemet’s membrane rupture size and rupture height (r = 0.763, P < 0.001) but no correlation between rupture size and rupture with delamination of collagen lamellae (r = 0.090, P > 0.05). No corneal perforation was found in the 43 eyes. In the healing stage after deep lamellar keratoplasty, there was significant stromal scarring with a pan-stromal scar, significant stromal thickening, and cornea flattening.
Conclusion
AS-OCT and UBM can complement each other in providing accurate corneal images and parameter measurements for predicting and evaluating disease progression.
Relation between increasing attachment security and weight gain: A clinical study of adolescents and their parents at an outpatient ward
Authors: Gezelius Christina , Wahlund Björn , Wiberg Britt 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose We wanted to evaluate the impact of a relational focus in the treatment of adolescent ED-patients and their parents at an intensive outpatient ward, based on attachment theory, combined with a family approach and psychodynamic principles. Our aim was to investigate the distribution of different attachment styles among the adolescent ED-patients and their parents, and to find out if they could change by the treatment.
Methods Swedish adolescents (n=33; 3 boys, 30 girls,) and their parents (n=60; 34 mothers, 26 fathers) participated. Measures: Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Body Mass Index(BMI) and Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) before and after treatment.
Results The adolescents were high on Need for Approval (ASQ4) of the Insecure/Anxious scale before treatment (in contrast to the parents). The patients had a significant decrease in ASQ4 after treatment, which correlated inversely to the increase in BMI but not to CGAS. The mothers showed features of the Secure/Confident style, fathers of the Insecure/Avoidant with elevated Relationships as Secondary (ASQ2).
Conclusions Treatment with a relational and a family focus has impact on attachment insecurity in adolescent ED-patients and outcomes in terms of BMI. It is important to engage the parents, who need to help the adolescents to separate at that developmental stage. A secure therapeutic context, which enables mentalizations and allows new relational experiences, is essential. The ASQ-instrument is useful for indicating progress in treatment of ED-adolescents.
Level of evidence Level IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series with the intervention.
Using RegGAN to generate Synthetic CT from CBCT acquired with different Linear accelerators
Authors: li zhenkai , zhang qingxian , kong lingke , li haodong , liang benzhe , chen mingming , qin xiaohang , wang huadong , yin yong , li zhenjiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background To investigate the feasibility of the RegGAN model in image conversion for adaptive radiation therapy of the head and neck, and its stability under different models of CBCT.Methods 100 CBCT images and CT images of patients with head and neck tumors were used for training, and 40 patients were used for testing, Which the test set patients come from four different. linear accelerator The RegGAN model was used for training and testing. The image quality of the generated sCT (Synthetic-CT) was compared with that of pCT (Plan CT) using MAE (mean absolute error), PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio), and SSIM (structural similarity). Then, the same radiation therapy plan was used to perform PTV dose statistics on sCT and pCT, and the dose difference rate was calculated to further verify the accuracy of the model.Results The generated sCT had good image quality, and there was no significant difference among different CBCT mode. The conversion effect on Synergy was the best, and the MAE decreased from 231.3 ± 55.48 to 45.63 ± 10.78; PSNR increased from 19.40 ± 1.46 to 26.75 ± 1.32; SSIM increased from 0.82 ± 0.02 to 0.85 ± 0.04. The quality improvement effect of sCT image synthesis based on RegGAN is obvious, and there is no significant difference in sCT synthesis among different accelerators.Conclusion The sCT generated by the RegGAN model has high image quality, and the RegGAN model has high generalization ability among different accelerators, which can be used as a reference image for adaptive radiation therapy of the head and neck。
The Effectiveness of Irrigation Systems in Managing Fecal Soiling in Children. A Single Center Experience
Authors: Nafesa A. Al , Maary J. Al , Alenazi A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate saline enema success and the effectiveness of irrigation system in managing fecal soiling in pediatric patients with colorectal condition.
Methods
A retrospective cohort chart review of pediatric patients attending a bowel management clinic in a tertiary center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over 15months period (January 2022- March 2023). We included all pediatric patients (age 3–18 years) enrolled in bowel management program at our center, who are on saline enema protocol using the available irrigation system. Antegrade colonic enema or retrograde enema were used in managing fecal soiling. Patients with colorectal conditions having true fecal incontinence or constipation with pseudo incontinence were enrolled. Idiopathic constipation, spina bifida, neurogenic disorder and cloaca exstrophy were excluded.
Results
Forty-one patients who attended the clinic over one year were included. Thirty- five (85.4%) had true fecal incontinence, and 6 (14.6%) had constipation (overflow pseudo-incontinence). The majority were boys 30 (73.2%). Underlying disorders were anorectal malformation 27 (65.9%), cloaca anomaly 8 (19.5%), and Hirschsprung’s disease 6 (14.6%). Methods used in irrigation/saline enema administration varied, 31 (12.7%) were on trans-anal (regular Foley catheter, balloon tip catheter, cone tip catheter), 8 (19.5%) were on antegrade irrigation (Malone, neo-Malone and cecostomy) using (Nelton/feeding tube catheter), and 2 (4.9%) were on trans-stoma (cone tip catheter). Thirty-five (85.4%) succeeded and remained completely clean in the underwear for 24 hours till the next enema, 3 (7.3%) failed and were not clean between enema, 2 lost follow up, and 1on hold. The reasons for failure were either compliance or short colon or damaged internal canal. The utilization of different irrigation systems improved the noncompliance rate in 7 patients (2.9%).
Conclusion
Bowel management program has proved successful in many countries since its implementation. The underlying conditions remain the main determinant of success as well as a significant factor in the failure of any program. However, considering the compliance in pediatric age group, few are still facing some degree of social embarrassment with accidents. When it comes to compliance, utilizing different available irrigation systems is helpful.
Changes in left atrial function after percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale
Authors: Qiu Lin , Li Min , Wang Zhi , Fan Fangfang , Yi Tieci , Weng Haoyu , Yang Ying , Ma Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate left atrial (LA) function following patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure.Methods Patients with PFO who underwent transcatheter closure between 2015 and 2022 and had complete echocardiography examination data available at baseline and at least twice during 1-year of follow-up were enrolled. LA function was evaluated by measuring LA reservoir strain (LASr), conduit strain (LAScd), and contractile strain (LASct) through speckle-tracking echocardiography. Differences in LA strain between baseline and at the different follow-up times were compared using repeated-measures analysis. The association between risk factors and LA strain was evaluated in a univariable and multivariable linear regression model.Results Forty-five patients were included. After 3 months, we observed a decrease in LASr (from 40.98–33.09%, P < 0.05), which recovered to 37.30% at 6 months (P = 0.06). LAScd decreased significantly from baseline after the procedure (P < 0.05) but had recovered by 3 months (19.96% vs 19.04%, P = 0.06). LASct decreased significantly between baseline and 6 months (from 17.92–14.01%, P < 0.05). All changes resolved by 1 year. Multivariable models showed that LA strain at baseline was the most important factor affecting LA function. LA diameter was significantly associated with sustained changes in LAScd (β = 7.19, P = 0.038). Age was a risk factor for difficult recovery of LASct after PFO at 3 months.Conclusions Implantation of a PFO occluder has a transient adverse impact on LA function in the area adjacent to the device but resolves within 1 year.
Iterative decomposition of visuomotor, device and cognitive variance in large scale online cognitive test data
Authors: Giunchiglia Valentina , Gruia Dragos , Lerede Annalaura , Trender William , Hellyer Peter , Hampshire Adam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Online cognitive assessment technologies are gaining traction as scalable and cost-effective alternatives to traditional supervised testing. However, variability in peoples’ home devices, and their visual and motor abilities, confound the cognitive specificity of online task performance scores. To address these limitations, we develop IDoCT (Iterative Decomposition of Cognitive Tasks), a novel method for estimating cognitive abilities and trial-difficulty scales from task performance timecourses in a data-driven manner while accounting for device and visuomotor latencies, and speed-accuracy trade-offs. IDoCT can operate with any computerised task that manipulates cognitive difficulty across trials. Using data from 388,757 adults across 12 online cognitive tasks, we show that IDoCT successfully dissociates cognitive abilities from visuomotor response latencies. The resultant cognitive scores exhibit superior psychometric structure and associations with demographic factors while being insensitive to testing device. We propose that IDoCT can enhance the precision of online cognitive assessments for diverse clinical and research applications.
Curcumin and its Derivatives Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways
to Elicit Anticancer Activity: A Comprehensive Perspective
Authors: Fatima Firdous , Chourasiya Nikhil Kumar , Mishra Mitali , Kori Shivam , Pathak Sandhya , Das Ratnesh , Kashaw Varsha , Iyer Arun K. , Kashaw Sushil Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The uncontrolled growth and spread of aberrant cells characterize the group of
disorders known as cancer. According to GLOBOCAN 2022 analysis of cancer patients in
either developed countries or developing countries the main concern cancers are breast cancer,
lung cancer, and liver cancer which may rise eventually. Natural substances with dietary
origins have gained interest for their low toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects.
The evaluation of dietary natural products as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents, the
identification, characterization, and synthesis of their active components, as well as the enhancement
of their delivery and bioavailability, have all received significant attention. Thus,
the treatment strategy for concerning cancers must be significantly evaluated and may include
the use of phytochemicals in daily lifestyle. In the present perspective, we discussed
one of the potent phytochemicals, that has been used over the past few decades known as
curcumin as a panacea drug of the “Cure-all” therapy concept. In our review firstly we included
exhausted data from in vivo and in vitro studies on breast cancer, lung cancer, and
liver cancer which act through various cancer-targeting pathways at the molecular level.
Now, the second is the active constituent of turmeric known as curcumin and its derivatives
are enlisted with their targeted protein in the molecular docking studies, which help the researchers
design and synthesize new curcumin derivatives with respective implicated molecular
and cellular activity. However, curcumin and its substituted derivatives still need to
be investigated with unknown targeting mechanism studies in depth.
Ultrasound-assisted Synthesis of Biologically Promising Organoselenium Scaffolds
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Singh Arvind , Sharma Aditi , Priya Anu , Kaur Manmeet , Kaur Gurpreet 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Selenium metal acts as an essential nutrient in many selenoproteins. Various selenium-
containing compounds are reported to possess a broad range of biological activities. In
many commercially available drug molecules, selenium plays an important role. As a result,
during the last two decades, organoselenium chemistry has expanded widely. A huge number
of methods have been reported for the synthesis of structurally diverse organoselenium compounds
under various reaction conditions. On the other hand, ultrasound-assisted protocols
are found much more advantageous over traditional thermal methods in terms of reaction
times, yields, product selectivity, purity of the products etc. In many occasions, it was found
that ultrasound plays a pivotal role in achieving the desired products in high yields. In this
review, we have summarized the recent literature on the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of various
organoselenium scaffolds under diverse reaction conditions.