bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Determines the Profitability of Business Firms in Pakistan
Authors: Jahangir Aakash , Shabbir Amna 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to examine the impact or the relationships between some internal i.e. Debt to equity and Capital adequacy and external factors i.e. Tax rate, Interest rate and inflation rate, on the Profitability of the firm. Top 30 big firm’s data will be analyzed from 2012 to 2017 registered under the Pakistan stock exchange Commission. The panel regression technique, fixed affects and random affect technique is used to find out the impact variables on the Profitability of the firm. It has been stated that any company's long-term survival depends largely on its ability to be profitable. Although maximizing profits is the main goal of all commercial ventures, the factors that influence profitability in emerging nations have received little attention. In this study, the profitability of publicly manufacturing companies in Pakistan is examined.Determinant of firms’ profitability is important to understand for decision-making process in business entity regarding maximization of profit and competitive advantage over the competitors. Determinant of the firms discloses the risk and reward associated with it in the market. In addition, it helps in building up an organization's sustainability and provides knowledge about the Future. Different types of tests are run to get maximum output from the variables and its impact on the business entity.Keywords: Debt to equity ratio, Tax rate, Interest rate, inflation rate.
PEMBERDAYAAN KOMUNITAS KREASI ALAM BAHARI TANGKOLA MELALUI PENANAMAN MANGROVE DENGAN SISTEM POLA RUMPUN BERJARAK
Authors: Slamet Abadi  , Kuswarini Sulandjari  , Nana Suryana Nasution  
Published: August 2023

Hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu potensi terdapat di Indonesia, bermanfaat sangat besar secara lingkungan, sosial, ekonomi masyarakat pesisir dan pariwisata, termasuk di Tangkolak. Menurunnya luas hutan mangrove memerlukan konservasi, diantaranya melalui penanaman mangrove. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk memberdayakan komunitas Kreasi Alam Bahari di pesisir Tangkolak, melalui kegiatan pelatihan, pendampingan, penanaman mangrove dengan pola rumpun berjarak, pola Unsika, membersihkan sampah, membuat tempat sampah, papan nama, spot swafoto. Penanaman mangrove dengan menggunakan pola rumpun berjarak, pada umur tanaman 3 (tiga) yang berhasil tumbuh sebanyak 71%. Tingkat persepsi dan kepuasan masyarakat terhadap kegiatan pengabdian 89,12%. Penanaman mangrove sudah berjalan dengan baik dan perlu dijaga berkelanjutannya dengan monitoring dan evaluasi. Kegiatan yang belum berhasil dicarikan penyelesaiannya. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang penanaman mangrove dengan pola rumpun berjarak, baik secara teknis maupun ekonomis. Para donator dan penggiat mangrove sangat dibutuhkan keberadaannya dalam melestarikan pesisir yang hijau.
KECAKAPAN LITERASI KEUANGAN PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER CERDAS MENGELOLA UANG
Authors: Asri Dwi Ariyani  , Rosa Nikmatul Fajri  , Nila Hidayah  , Uci Dwi Sartika  
Published: August 2023

Tingkat literasi keuangan anak-anak sekolah masih rendah hal ini dibuktikan dengan pemahaman mereka tentang uang hanya sebagai alat tukar membeli makanan dan mainan, uang saku yang diberikan orang tua selalu habis. Literasi keuangan diberikan kepada anak sejak dini, harapannya anak mampu mengelola keuangan dengan bijak dan membentuk karakter yang baik dalam menyikapi uang. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang literasi keuangan melalui aktivitas menabung, agar mereka lebih mengenal uang dengan benar, mampu mengelola uang dengan bijak dan menumbuhkan rasa pentingnya menabung untuk masa depan. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah anak-anak usia sekolah dasar di Padukuhan Iroyudan, Guwosari, Pajangan Bantul. Pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui kegiatan sosialisasi dan edukasi secara langsung terkait uang, praktik menabung yang benar dan membentuk focus group discussion (FGD) sehingga dapat melihat perkembangan peserta kegiatan pengabdian. Hasil kegiatan diperoleh adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta pengabdian tentang cara menggunakan uang dengan bijak, menumbuhkan keinginan menabung peserta kegiatan.
Efeitos do estigma na permanência da Hanseníase
Authors: Alvarenga Antonia Valtéria Melo , Da Silva Gabriel Rocha , Vale Dário Henrique Alvarenga 
Published: August 2023

A hanseníase é uma doença contagiosa marcada por aspectos socioculturais negativos, como episódios de estigmas e discriminação que causam sofrimento nas pessoas acometidas pela enfermidade. O Brasil, na primeira metade do século XX, adotou, como medida de combate e controle à expansão da doença, a política de isolamento compulsório. Ao final desse século, após a constatação da insuficiência das medidas profiláticas adotadas e com a descoberta de medicamentos eficazes para o combate da doença, a comunidade médica internacional decidiu pela alteração do protocolo aplicado ao tratamento dessa endemia. Visando reduzir os efeitos culturais da doença, foi alterada por força da lei nº 9.010 de 1995 a denominação da doença, que deixou de ser chamada de “lepra” e passou a ser tratada de hanseníase. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os aspectos socioculturais relacionados com a trajetória da hanseníase no Brasil ao longo do século XX. Quanto à metodologia, tratou-se de uma pesquisa caracterizada como bibliográfica e documental. Com o intuito de fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre a hanseníase (lepra) no século XX, foram consultados autores (as) que discutem a problemática da hanseníase (lepra) sobre a perspectiva histórica, como Alvarenga (2013), Carvalho (2012) e outros que abordam a temática da saúde pública, a exemplo de Hochman (1998) e Maciel (2007), além das contribuições teóricas de Goffman (1988) sobre a noção de estigma. A parte documental integrou as legislações relacionadas à endemia ao longo do século XX. Constatou-se que, apesar dos avanços científicos no campo da saúde e da promoção de políticas públicas de saúde, a doença sobreviveu à virada do milênio. Dados recentes mostram que no século XXI a hanseníase mantém-se como um problema de saúde pública, o que eleva a importância do debate sobre os fatores históricos, sobretudo os relacionados ao estigma.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Berbantuan Renderforest untuk Mendorong Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Tumangger Wana Rukmana 
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan produk berupa video pembelajaran matematika pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel (SPLDV) yang terintegrasi kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL). Penelitian menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar angket kepada ahli media, ahli materi, dan peserta didik. Hasil validasi para ahli menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaan ini termasuk dalam kriteria Layak. Respon siswa setelah menggunakan media ini menunjukkan hasil dengan kriteria Layak. Sehingga media ini memiliki potensi untuk digunakan dalam mendorong kemampuan berpikir kritis.
Implementasi Algoritma Self Organizing Map untuk Identifikasi Pola Pengelompokan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Keluarga Kabupaten Siak
Authors: Aziz Syarfi , Mustakim Mustakim 
Published: August 2023

Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Siak dalam penentuan kelompok kesejahteraan keluarga menggunakan aspek kesehatan dan pendidikan, serta tidak mementingkan aspek ekonomi. Perlunya dilakukan pengelompokan untuk ketiga aspek tersebut dalam menentukan kesejahteraan keluarga. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melakukan clustering data kesejahteraan keluarga menggunakan algoritma SOM. Penelitian melakukan 36 percobaan menggunakan data kesejahteraan tahun 2016 sebanyak 22.047 data. Parameter SOM cluster 3, 4 dan 5, learning rate 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 dan 0,20 dengan iterasi 500, 750 dan 1.000. Hasil Validasi menggunakan DBI menunjukan cluster 3, learning rate 0,20 dan iterasi 500 pada percobaan ke-10 dengan nilai DBI 0,9398 merupakan cluster optimal dengan 2 cluster dan 1 outlier. Hasil pada cluster 0 dari aspek kesehatan sebanyak 25,22% tidak memiliki cacat, dari aspek pendidikan sebanyak 20,92% tidak bersekolah lagi, dari aspek ekonomi sebanyak 16,59% tidak memiliki pekerjaan utama. Kemudian pada cluster 2 dari aspek kesehatan sebanyak 72,89% tidak memiliki cacat, dari aspek pendidikan sebanyak 28,49% memiliki ijazah SD/sederajat dan aspek ekonomi sebanyak 33,51% pekerjaan utama adalah berkebun. Hasil dari ketiga aspek tersebut dijadikan sebagai rekomendasi untuk Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Siak agar lebih optimal mengelompokan kesejahteraan keluarga dalam memberikan bantuan.
Keefektifan Pengukuran Kebutuhan Belajar Menggunakan Model Deduktif di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di SDN Serdang Wetan
Authors: A’la Nadia Ibadatul , Bilqist Philien Sophia Ikrima , Aini Vika Zahra 
Published: August 2023

In learning activities, a teacher must understand what is needed by students. In identifying student learning needs, an appropriate learning needs measurement model is needed. One of them is the inductive model. The deductive model is the identification of learning needs in general and with broad targets. The effectiveness of the deductive model was tested by research sourced from the results of an interview with an elementary school teacher. The deductive model is often applied in a learning model. This is useful to find out how effective the learning model has been. The deductive model that conveys messages from the general to the specific and the abstract to the real turns out to have advantages and disadvantages when applied online.
« Sur les chemins d’une philosophie du singulier ! » : hommage à Clément Rosset
Authors: Nanema Jacques 
Published: August 2023

Tout le long de sa pensée qui se donne à lire, à comprendre dans les nombreux ouvrages qu’il a pu écrire durant sa vie, Clément Rosset semble n’avoir eu affaire qu’à un seul occupation intellectuelle que l’on pourrait énoncer en ces termes : la philosophie est une jubilation qui prend sa source dans l’intuition de l’unicité et de la singularité du réel : il n’y a qu’une et une seule réalité et cette réalité est à la fois simple et singulière. Rosset incarnait pleinement la figure du philosophe, homme de pensée, esprit critique non de la réalité mais des perceptions et représentations que les humains se sont faites de la réalité, sans oublier les idéologies diverses par lesquelles, béquilles de circonstances ou assurance tout risque, les humains tentent d’apprivoiser l’inconfort qui caractérise leur rapport au réel. Là, il n’est pas seulement question d’intellection (rendre raison de la réalité, sauver les phénomènes), mais de se rapporter plus intégralement, au-delà de son intelligence, à ce qui est.
ISLAM WASATHIYAH SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI ISLAM RAHMATAN LIL’ALAMIN
Authors: Amri rahman  
Published: August 2023

Islam wasathiyah diartikan dengan cara pandang tengah, adil, hidup harmoni di tengah masyarakat yang beragam serta dinamis. nilai humanis-dialogis senantiasa disajikan dalam Islam wasathiya, sehingga setiap individu memiliki tanggungjawab terhadap individu lain dengan solidaritas, simpati dan empati yang terbangun secara organik. Persaudaraan dan kebersamaan senantiasa dikedepankan daripada ego personal dan kelompok. Islam wasathiyah menjadi tawaran kepada masyarakat agar terhindar dari konflik berkepanjangan baik itu atas nama ideologi, kemanusiaan dan sampai kepada politisasi hukum sehingga misi kehadiran Islam sebagai rahmatan lil’alamin akan dirasakan oleh umat manusia bahkan seluruh makhluk di bumi pada akhirnya ketentram dan kedamaian bisa tercapai dalam kehidupan umat manusia
Les méandres et l’au-delà du texte : La Lézarde d’Édouard Glissant
Authors: Hel-Bongo Olga 
Published: August 2023

Cet article entend examiner la poétique d’écriture de La lézarde d’Édouard Glissant sous l’angle du métatexte. La nature réflexive du métatexte passe par le questionnement des personnages, de l’écrivain et du lecteur et s’articule autour d’un thème unificateur du roman : la filiation. Celle-ci s’inscrit dans une dynamique de la quête (historique, nationale, existentielle, générique et énonciative). Nous montrerons que le questionnement en jeu n’est pas que thématique ou mimétique. Il est formel, syntaxique et stylistique, engageant l’écriture dans un procès allant du sens vers sa signifiance, de l’énoncé vers son énonciation. En d’autres termes, le métatexte désigne un à-côté et un au-delà du texte qui unit systématiquement deux plans, et travaille sans cesse les mots et l’imaginaire des personnages, le style d’écriture, leur rapport au monde, dans un retour du texte sur sa propre énonciation. Tous ces éléments s’interpénètrent et disent une façon singulière, caribéenne et poétique, d’être au monde.
Du Serment des barbares à Lettre d’amitié, de respect et de mise en garde aux peuples et aux nations de la terre : Boualem Sansal ou la fabrique du lecteur engagé
Authors: Romain Lisa 
Published: August 2023

L’écrivain algérien Boualem Sansal est confronté à une équation complexe : comment dénoncer fermement l’autoritarisme idéologique du pouvoir algérien et des islamistes sans risquer de tomber soi-même dans l’autoritarisme idéologique ? Peut-on promouvoir l’autonomie et la réflexion du lecteur-citoyen alors qu’on cherche en même temps à le convaincre de ses propres opinions ? En d’autres termes, peut-on imposer la démocratie ? C’est pour tenter de résoudre ce paradoxe qu’il expérimente dès son premier roman l’hybridation de deux logiques apparemment antagonistes : celle du roman à thèse et celle de la métafiction postmoderne. De la fusion de ces deux ennemies naturelles naît l’idée de l’espace romanesque comme champ d’entraînement à la pratique démocratique, à travers une série de stratégies d’implication du lecteur que le présent article entend explorer.
Medicaid Expansion of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and Participation of Patients With Medicaid in Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Unger Joseph M. , Xiao Hong , Vaidya Riha , LeBlanc Michael , Hershman Dawn L. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion resulted in increased use of Medicaid insurance nationwide. However, the association between Medicaid expansion and access to clinical trials has not been examined to date.ObjectiveTo examine whether the implementation of ACA Medicaid expansion was associated with increased participation of patients with Medicaid insurance in cancer clinical trials.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData for this cohort study of 51 751 patients were from the SWOG Cancer Research Network. All patients aged 18 to 64 years and enrolled in treatment trials with Medicaid or private insurance between April 1, 1992, and February 29, 2020, were included. Interrupted time-series analysis with segmented logistic regression was used. The monthly unemployment rate and presidential administration were adjusted to reflect potential differences in Medicaid use associated with economic conditions and national administrative policies, respectively. Data analysis was conducted between June 22, 2021, and August 5, 2022.ExposureImplementation of Medicaid expansion on January 1, 2014, was the independent exposure variable.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe number and proportion of patients by insurance type enrolled in cancer clinical trials over time were analyzed.ResultsOverall, data for 51 751 patients were analyzed. Mean (SD) age was 50.6 (9.8) years, 67.3% of patients were female, 41.1% were younger than 50 years, and 9.1% used Medicaid. A 19% annual increase (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.11-1.28; P &amp;lt; .001) was identified in the odds of patients using Medicaid after the ACA Medicaid expansion, resulting in a 52% increase (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.29-1.78; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with what was expected in the number of Medicaid patients enrolled over time. The association was greater in states that adopted Medicaid expansion in 2014 to 2015 (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.15-1.38; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with other states (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.96-1.21; P = .20; P = .04 for interaction). By February 2020, the proportion of patients with Medicaid insurance was 17.8% (95% CI, 15.0%-20.8%; P &amp;lt; .001), whereas the expected proportion had ACA Medicaid expansion not occurred was 6.9% (95% CI, 4.4%-10.3%; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceFindings suggest that implementation of ACA Medicaid expansion was associated with increased participation of patients using Medicaid in cancer clinical trials. Improved participation in clinical trials for Medicaid-insured patients is critical for socioeconomically vulnerable patients seeking access to the newest treatments available in trials and for improving confidence that trial findings apply to patients of all backgrounds.
Exploring New Dimensions of Tumor Heterogeneity: The Application of Single Cell Analysis to Organoid‐Based 3D In Vitro Models
Authors: Landon‐Brace Natalie , Li Nancy T. , McGuigan Alison P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractModeling the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vitro is essential to investigating fundamental cancer biology and developing novel treatment strategies that holistically address the factors affecting tumor progression and therapeutic response. Thus, the development of new tools for both in vitro modeling, such as patient‐derived organoids (PDOs) and complex 3D in vitro models, and single cell omics analysis, such as single‐cell RNA‐sequencing, represents a new frontier for investigating tumor heterogeneity. Specifically, the integration of PDO‐based 3D in vitro models and single cell analysis offers a unique opportunity to explore the intersecting effects of interpatient, microenvironmental, and tumor cell heterogeneity on cell phenotypes in the TME. In this review, the current use of PDOs in complex 3D in vitro models of the TME is discussed and the emerging directions in the development of these models are highlighted. Next, work that has successfully applied single cell analysis to PDO‐based models is examined and important experimental considerations are identified for this approach. Finally, open questions are highlighted that may be amenable to exploration using the integration of PDO‐based models and single cell analysis. Ultimately, such investigations may facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets for cancer that address the significant influence of tumor‐TME interactions.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in siblings with PIGA‐related congenital disorder of glycosylation
Authors: Crenshaw Molly M. , Thompson Lauren , Piqué Daniel G. , Micke Kestutis , Saenz Margarita , Baker Peter R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere are over 150 proteins involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored protein biosynthesis, a class within the larger category of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Pathogenic variants identified in phosphatidylinositol glycan class A protein (PIGA) are associated with X‐linked PIGA‐CDG, a GPI‐anchor defect. The disease has primarily been characterized by hypotonia, epilepsy, and global developmental delay; however, only 89 known cases are reported, so the phenotypic spectrum has likely not yet been fully delineated. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has been reported in patients with various GPI‐anchor related defects but has only been described in one prior individual with PIGA‐CDG. Here, we describe the second and third reported cases of CDH in two brothers with PIGA‐CDG caused by a pathogenic missense variant in PIGA: c.355C > T, p.R119W. Chromosomal microarray and whole exome sequencing did not reveal another plausible explanation for the CDH. We relate our patients' clinical features to the single previously reported individual with CDH and PIGA‐CDG. We then compare this case series with the subset of individuals with CDH and other GPI‐anchor defects. These findings suggest that CDH should be considered in the phenotypic disease spectrum of PIGA‐CDG.
A simplified D3‐creatine dilution method for skeletal muscle mass determination with dynamic correction of creatinine and D3‐creatinine using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Huang Xinyi , Zhang Tianai , Wang Xuan , Wang Shuqiao , Nie Manqing , Luo Xinyue , Yang Ming , Zou Xiaoli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study developed a simple method for muscle mass determination based on D3‐creatine dilution by removing the matrix effects of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis through mutual correction of creatinine and D3‐creatinine. Rats were administered an oral tracer dose of D3‐creatine at age 6 weeks. Creatinine and D3‐creatinine in urine were detected using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after diluting 20 times to obtain D3‐creatinine enrichment factor (mole percent excess). The mole percent excess obtained from peak area could be used to calculate muscle mass using the improved formula. The limit of detection was 0.500 ng/mL for D3‐creatinine. Creatinine and D3‐creatinine could be mutually corrected because of the same matrix effect, and D3‐creatine spillage was negligible within 0.22%. Isotopic steady time was consistent with that obtained using conventional methods. Bland–Altman plots demonstrated the satisfying consistency between the proposed method and magnetic resonance imaging. This is a simple and rapid measuring method of muscle mass based on D3‐creatine dilution that requires no accurate quantification of creatinine and D3‐creatinine concentrations and no urine sample collection to obtain D3‐creatine spillage.
Reductive Activation of Aryl Chlorides by Tuning the Radical Cation Properties of N‐Phenylphenothiazines as Organophotoredox Catalysts
Authors: Weick Fabian , Hagmeyer Nina , Giraud Madeleine , Dietzek‐Ivanšić Benjamin , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAryl chlorides as substrates for arylations present a particular challenge for photoredox catalytic activation due to their strong C(sp2)−Cl bond and their strong reduction potential. Electron‐rich N‐phenylphenothiazines, as organophotoredox catalysts, are capable of cleaving aryl chlorides simply by photoinduced electron transfer without the need for an additional electrochemical activation setup or any other advanced photocatalysis technique. Due to the extremely strong reduction potential in the excited state of the N‐phenylphenothiazines the substrate scope is high and includes aryl chlorides both with electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating substituents. We evidence this reactivity for photocatalytic borylations and phosphonylations. Advanced time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy in combination with electrochemistry was the key to elucidating and comparing the unusual photophysical properties not only of the N‐phenylphenothiazines, but also of their cation radicals as the central intermediates in the photocatalytic cycle. The revealed photophysics allowed the excited‐state and radical‐cation properties to be fine‐tuned by the molecular design of the N‐phenylphenothiazines; this improved the photocatalytic activity.