bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of art therapy on cognitive status and psychological well‐being in elderly people in institutional care
Authors: Demirel Özge , Orak Oya Sevcan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCognitive decline seen in old age manifests itself as a decrease in reasoning ability that is not related to intelligence. This situation, together with many other problems, can affect the psychological well‐being of the elderly. Especially the elderly living in institutional care constitute a special group that needs to be protected. It is important that the psychotherapy interventions to be carried out with this group are determined according to the characteristics of the group. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of art therapy on cognitive status and psychological well‐being in the elderly living in institutional care.MethodsThis single‐blind randomised controlled study was conducted with 42 elderly individuals living in three nursing homes in Türkiye. In the study, the sample group was assigned to the experimental (n = 21) and control (n = 21) groups by simple randomisation. Art therapy intervention was applied to the elderly individuals in the experimental group, and no special intervention was applied to the control group. The sociodemographic information form, standardised mini mental test (MMT) and Psychological Well‐being Scale for the Elderly (PWBS) were used as data collection tools in the study.ResultsIt was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the pre‐test and post‐test total scores of the PWBS and MMT in favour of the post‐test (P < 0.001). In the study, the effect of the art therapy intervention applied to the elderly individuals in the experimental group was evaluated and it was determined that the difference between the PWBS ( = 0.75) and MMT ( = 0.52) scores had a medium effect level.ConclusionsThe results showed that art therapy has a positive effect on the psychological well‐being and cognitive status of the elderly in institutional care and can be used as a moderate developmental intervention.
R&D Management Under Disruption and Uncertainty
Authors: Li Daitian , Fu Xiaolan , Narula Rajneesh , von Zedtwitz Max , Wagner Beverly 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDisruption and uncertainty are distinct but related concepts with fundamental impact on firms' R&D. Management of R&D under disruption and uncertainty has become a critical issue in innovation management. With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, firms are increasingly facing disruptions along multiple dimensions: technological, market, environmental, and institutional. Such disruptions increase the level of uncertainty firms perceive, bringing about both challenges and opportunities. What will be the impact of such disruption and uncertainty on firms? How can they navigate and mitigate its consequences? In this special issue, we present seven research articles and one commentary that address different aspects of R&D management under disruption and uncertainty in the context of a conceptual framework describing how firms might address different types of disruption and uncertainty through an open innovation system approach.
A comprehensive framework for evaluating time to event predictions using the restricted mean survival time
Authors: Cwiling Ariane , Perduca Vittorio , Bouaziz Olivier 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe restricted mean survival time (RMST) is a widely used quantity in survival analysis due to its straightforward interpretation. For instance, predicting the time to event based on patient attributes is of great interest when analyzing medical data. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for evaluating RMST estimations. A criterion that estimates the mean squared error of an RMST estimator using Inverse Probability Censoring Weighting (IPCW) is presented. A model‐agnostic conformal algorithm adapted to right‐censored data is also introduced to compute prediction intervals and to evaluate local variable importance. Finally, a model‐agnostic statistical test is developed to assess global variable importance. Our framework is valid for any RMST estimator that is asymptotically convergent and works under model misspecification.
Perinatal mental health: an overview of pathology, services and the law
Authors: Medland Victoria , Nechowska Aoife , Prevezanos Panos 
Published: January 2025

Key content
Perinatal mental health problems are the commonest complication of pregnancy, with adjustment disorder affecting as many as one in four, and maternal suicide the leading direct cause of death in the first postnatal year. Plans are in place to expand Perinatal Mental Health (PNMH) Services.
The team structure of PNMH services available in primary and secondary care.
Psychopathology, referencing pre‐pregnancy counselling, antenatal and postnatal care, with an overview of adjustment disorder, depressive and anxiety disorders, OCD, schizophrenia, personality disorder, bipolar affective disorder and puerperal psychosis.
Commonly‐used medications and associated considerations.
‘Red flags’ requiring urgent psychiatric input, and how to escalate appropriately.
Learning objectives
Understand key features of the common and serious psychiatric complications presenting in and around pregnancy.
Understand the perinatal implications of commonly‐used psychotropics.
Recognise features of emergency presentations, and how to refer urgently.
Ethical issues
Safeguarding considerations are complex: the mother and unborn/ neonate must be protected; however, fear of referral can inhibit disclosure of mental illness.
Use of the Mental Health Act limits personal freedoms but must be balanced with patients' risk to themselves and others.
Skin disease‐associated GJB4 variants differentially influence connexin stability, cell viability and channel function
Authors: Lucaciu Sergiu A. , Leighton Stephanie E. , Wong Robert S. , Sekar Varun , Hauser Alexandra , Lai Nhu‐An , Johnston Danielle , Stathopulos Peter B. , Bai Donglin , Laird Dale W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHere we characterize seven Cx30.3 gene variants (R22H, S26Y, P61R, C86S, E99K, T130M and M190L) clinically associated with the rare skin disorder erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva (EKVP) in tissue‐relevant and differentiation‐competent rat epidermal keratinocytes (REKs). We found that all variants, when expressed alone or together with wildtype (WT) Cx30.3, had the capacity to traffic and form gap junctions with an efficiency like WT Cx30.3. Cx30.3 was found to have a slower relative turnover than Cx43. However, turnover was more rapid for the R22H and P61R variants relative to Cx30.3. Furthermore, REKs that expressed the P61R variant exhibited reduced viability and were more permeable to fluorescent dyes, indicative of leaky hemichannels and/or the loss of membrane integrity associated with cell death. In connexin‐null AD‐293 cells, dual patch clamp studies revealed that the variants had either reduced (C86S) or no (S26Y and T130M) gap junction channel function. The remaining variants formed functional gap junction channels with enhanced transjunctional voltage (Vj)‐dependent gating. Moreover, WT Cx30.3 and functional variant gap junction channels had similar unitary conductance of ∼34–42 pS, though variant channels appeared to have lower open probability than WT Cx30.3 channels at high Vjs. In conclusion, EKVP‐associated Cx30.3 variants each alter one or more Cx30.3 characteristics although the molecular changes identified for E99K were limited to enhanced Vj gating. The breadth of molecular changes identified may all be sufficient to cause EKVP, but this remains to be firmly established as more familial patients are genotyped for these variants.
imageKey points
Here we characterize seven Cx30.3 variants (R22H, S26Y, P61R, C86S, E99K, T130M and M190L) that have been clinically associated with the rare skin disorder erythrokeratodermia variabilis et progressiva (EKVP).
We discovered human Cx30.3 undergoes relatively slow turnover compared with Cx43 and exhibits kinetically slow and limited voltage gating.
Wildtype Cx30.3 and all variants localized to intracellular compartments and gap junctions in rat epidermal keratinocytes.
Each EKVP‐associated Cx30.3 variant altered one or more Cx30.3 characteristics related to protein stability, cell viability and/or channel function.
The breadth of molecular changes identified for each Cx30.3 variant may independently be sufficient to cause EKVP, but this remains to be firmly established through additional genetic and molecular analysis.
Configuration Synthesis of Weakly-Coupled Parallel Hip Exoskeletons With Large Workspace
Authors: Xu Jilong , Liu Fucai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To address the issues of strong motion coupling, high control difficulty, and insufficient degrees of freedom (DoFs) in existing bio-syncretic parallel hip exoskeletons, a design scheme characterized by weak-coupling is proposed. A configuration synthesis method for weakly-coupled parallel hip exoskeletons is introduced by deriving the conditions that the transmission wrench screws (TWSs) in each limb must satisfy. Furthermore, to tackle the problem of limited workspace in parallel hip exoskeletons, a design method aimed at increasing the operational workspace is presented. By applying the proposed methods to the configuration synthesis of the hip exoskeleton, several weakly-coupled configurations with expanded workspaces are generated. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed methods are validated through case analyses.
First Data on Cyanotoxins and Genes of Their Biosynthesis in the Phytoplankton of the Mesotrophic Lake Pleshcheyevo (Russia) during the Bloom Formation of Cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata
Authors: Sidelev S. I. , Korneva L. G. , Chernova E. N. , Sakharova E. G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Data on cyanobacterial toxins and the genes of their biosynthesis in the phytoplankton of the mesotrophic Lake Pleshcheyevo (Yaroslavl oblast) during the blooming period of cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata (Smith et Sowebry) Richter are given for the first time. In the phytoplankton of the lake, the presence of hepatotoxins of microcystins (MC) was recorded using chromatography–mass spectrometry; in DNA isolated from plankton, the mcyE gene for the biosynthesis of these cyanotoxins was detected using PCR. No other types of cyanotoxins (cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin-a, and saxitoxins) or the presence of genes for their synthesis in the phytoplankton are identified during the study period. MC biosynthesis genes mcyA and mcyE were absent in thirty colonies of Gloeotrichia echinulata isolated from the lake, which is consistent with their inability to produce cyanotoxin. Using molecular methods, the potential ability to biosynthesize MC in Microcystis aeruginosa and species of the genus Dolichospermum inhabiting in the lake is demonstrated. This paper discusses the toxicity of Gloeotrichia echinulata and the need for the further long-term monitoring of toxigenic cyanobacteria in Lake Pleshcheyevo.
Prognostic models for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms following traumatic brain injury: a CENTER-TBI study
Authors: Mikolić Ana , van Klaveren David , Jost Mathilde , Maas Andrew IR , Shi Shuyuan , Silverberg Noah D , Wilson Lindsay , Lingsma Hester F , Steyerberg Ewout W 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We aimed to identify predictors and develop models for the prediction of depression and PTSD symptoms at 6 months post-TBI.MethodsWe analysed data from the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury study. We used linear regression to model the relationship between predictors and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Health Disorders Fifth Edition). Predictors were selected based on Akaike’s Information Criterion. Additionally, we fitted logistic models for the endpoints ‘probable MDD’ and ‘probable PTSD’. We also examined the incremental prognostic value of 2–3 weeks of symptoms.ResultsWe included 2163 adults (76% Glasgow Coma Scale=13–15). Depending on the scoring criteria, 7–18% screened positive for probable MDD and about 10% for probable PTSD. For both outcomes, the selected models included psychiatric history, employment status, sex, injury cause, alcohol intoxication and total injury severity; and for depression symptoms also preinjury health and education. The performance of the models was modest (proportion of explained variance=R28% and 7% for depression and PTSD, respectively). Symptoms assessed at 2–3 weeks had a large incremental prognostic value (delta R2=0.25, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.26 for depression symptoms; delta R2=0.30, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.31 for PTSD).ConclusionPreinjury characteristics, such as psychiatric history and unemployment, and injury characteristics, such as violent injury cause, can increase the risk of mental health problems after TBI. The identification of patients at risk should be guided by early screening of mental health.
Prevalence and patient characteristics associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor screening in UK primary care for people with severe mental illness: an electronic healthcare record study
Authors: Launders Naomi , Jackson Caroline Anne , Hayes Joseph F , John Ann , Stewart Robert , Iveson Matthew H , Bramon Elvira , Guthrie Bruce , Mercer Stewart William , Osborn David P J 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and initiatives for CVD risk factor screening in the UK have not reduced disparities.ObjectivesTo describe the annual screening prevalence for CVD risk factors in people with SMI from April 2000 to March 2018, and to identify factors associated with receiving no screening and regular screening.MethodsWe identified adults with a diagnosis of SMI (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or ‘other psychosis’) from UK primary care records in Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We calculated the annual prevalence of screening for blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index, alcohol consumption and smoking status using multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with receiving no screening and complete screening.ResultsOf 216 136 patients with SMI, 55% received screening for all six CVD risk factors at least once during follow-up and 35% received all six within a 1-month period. Our findings suggest that patient characteristics and financial incentivisation influence screening prevalence of individual CVD risk factors, the likelihood of receiving screening for all six CVD risk factors annually and risk of receiving no screening.ConclusionsThe low proportion of people with SMI receiving regular comprehensive CVD risk factor screening is concerning. Screening needs to be embedded as part of broad physical health checks to ensure the health needs of people with SMI are being met. If we are to improve cardiovascular health, interventions are needed where risk of receiving no screening or not receiving regular screening is highest.
How can more women with pre-existing type 1 and type 2 diabetes be supported to prepare for pregnancy after a baby loss? A qualitative exploration of lived experiences in the UK
Authors: Dyer Eleanor , Bell Ruth , Graham Ruth , Rankin Judith 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesExplore, understand and analyse how women with pre-existing diabetes can be better supported during the inter-pregnancy interval—the time after a baby loss and before a subsequent pregnancy.DesignQualitative, semi-structured online interviews took place between November 2020 and July 2021. Data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis.SettingParticipants reflected on care received at primary and secondary centres across the UK.ParticipantsTwelve predominantly White, British women with type 1 (n=9) and type 2 (n=3) diabetes with experience of baby loss and subsequent pregnancy were recruited through social media.ResultsThree interrelated themes: (1) decisions around becoming pregnant after baby loss, (2) the triple burden of baby loss, diabetes and preparing for pregnancy, (3) gaps in the inter-pregnancy interval. Most (n=10) participants wanted to become pregnant again as soon as possible. The short inter-pregnancy interval (median=7 months) highlights a potentially small window of opportunity to support women to grieve and prepare for pregnancy. Providing timely access to care and support in the inter-pregnancy interval without overburdening women might be challenging due to structural issues in services and gaps in referral pathways.ConclusionWomen with pre-existing diabetes may experience challenges in accessing appropriate pre-pregnancy care in the inter-pregnancy interval. Our findings suggest that one-size-fits-all approaches are likely to be less effective in meeting diverse needs of this group and that more personalised, targeted support is needed. All healthcare professionals across the different parts of the care provision structure need greater awareness of the issues faced by this group to maximise timely access to the appropriate pre-pregnancy care and support.
How many stroke survivors develop problematic spasticity requiring pharmacological therapy? An international (Europe and USA) observational study protocol
Authors: Zorowitz Richard D , Barrenechea Laura Serrano , Butet Simon , Groppa Sergiu , Hernández Herrero David , Prasad Rama , Sandars Susan , Meloni Seema , Page Simon , Maisonobe Pascal , Picelli Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionCurrent care plans for stroke survivors typically focus on acute management, resulting in many stroke survivors being discharged to their communities without adequate follow-up, despite their often experiencing significant post-stroke complications, such as post-stroke spasticity (PSS). While studies have explored the incidence and prevalence of PSS, little is known about how early PSS develops and how many stroke survivors develop ‘problematic’ PSS that would benefit from pharmacological treatment.Methods and analysisEPITOME is a prospective, international, observational, epidemiological study of participants (aged 18–90 years) who develop paresis within days 3–14 of a first-ever stroke that occurred within the past 4 weeks. Participants at sites across seven different countries are monitored remotely at 2 weeks and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-stroke to detect the possible onset of PSS using the Post-stroke Spasticity Monitoring Questionnaire (PSMQ). If the PSMQ indicates the possible presence of PSS, participants undergo a full in-clinic assessment to confirm the presence of PSS. For participants with confirmed PSS, the severity and distribution of spasticity is documented, and the investigator assesses whether the participant has spasticity that could benefit from pharmacological therapy. Participants without clinically confirmed PSS return to remote monitoring.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained in all seven participating countries. Results will be published at international meetings and in an international peer-reviewed journal. Lay summaries will be prepared to accompany the primary paper and will also be provided to study participants.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.govNCT06055725.
Impact of warning pictorials and size on perceived effectiveness of cigar warning labels in a nationally representative between-subjects experiment
Authors: Goldstein Adam O , Yang Michelle Z , Jarman Kristen L , Queen Tara L , Clark Sonia A , Ranney Leah M , Cornacchione Ross Jennifer , Sheeran Paschal , Enyioha Chineme , Thrasher James F , Jenson Desmond , Kowitt Sarah D 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPeople who smoke cigars often have misperceptions about the associated risks, contributing to rises in smoking rates. This study investigates the perceived warning effectiveness (PWE) of health warning labels (HWLs) on cigar packages. We tested the impact of warning type and warning size in the HWLs on PWE and other health outcomes.Data and methodsIn a between-subjects experimental design, participants (n=809) who used little cigars or cigarillos in the past 30 days were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: text-only at 30% size, pictorial+text warning at 30% size, text-only at 50% size and pictorial+text warning at 50% size. In each condition, participants rated six cigarillo HWLs on PWE, self-reported learning, thinking about risks, new knowledge, perceived enjoyment and negative affect. Reactance to the labels was also measured. Data were analysed with mixed-effects models.ResultsPictorial+text cigarillo HWLs were deemed more effective than text-only HWLs in PWE (b=0.34, SE=0.08, p<0.001), self-reported learning (b=0.20, SE=0.08, p=0.01), thinking about risks (b=0.18, SE=0.08, p=0.03) and new knowledge (b=0.34, SE=0.12, p<0.01). They also elicited more negative affect than text-only warnings (b=0.39, SE=0.08, p<0.001). Warning size did not impact outcomes, and neither warning type nor size predicted perceived enjoyment of smoking cigarillos or reactance to the warnings.ConclusionIncluding images with text warning statements for cigarillos can increase PWE. Our findings provide important insights for the US Food and Drug Administration and international regulatory agencies in designing new HWLs for cigars that can more effectively communicate smoking risks, address misinformation and potentially reduce cigar smoking.