bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric, cognitive, psychosocial, and neurological outcomes of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: protocol for a prospective study
Authors: Kuznetsova Valeriya , Oza Harsh , Rosenfeld Hannah , Sales Carmela , van der Linde Samantha , Roos Izanne , Roberts Stefanie , D’Aprano Fiore , Loi Samantha M , Dowling Mark , Dickinson Michael , Kalincik Tomas , Harrison Simon J , Anderson Mary Ann , Malpas Charles B 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is a common side-effect of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, with symptoms ranging from mild to occasionally life-threatening. The psychiatric, cognitive, psychosocial, and neurological sequalae of ICANS are diverse and not well-specified, posing a challenge for diagnosis and management. The recovery trajectory of the syndrome is uncertain. Psychiatric, cognitive, psychosocial, and neurological status is rarely examined in this population pre-therapy, adding a layer of complexity to specifying symptoms pertinent solely to CAR-T treatment.AimsThe aim is to investigate psychiatric, cognitive, psychosocial, and neurological outcomes in patients after CAR-T therapy, particularly among those who develop ICANS. The project will establish a comprehensive pre-treatment baseline and will longitudinally monitor for therapy-associated change.MethodsA prospective longitudinal study of all adult patients in a single Australian haematology service undergoing CAR-T therapy. Neuropsychological and neurological examinations occur prior to CAR-T, and patients are reviewed during the acute post-treatment period, 28 days, 6 months, and 12 months post-infusion. Data will be sourced from objective psychometric measures, clinical examinations, self-report questionnaires, and accounts of subjective cognitive complaint to capture a broad spectrum of dysfunction and its daily functional impact.ConclusionsWe present a protocol of a research study that will describe the neurocognitive features specific to ICANS, characterise the underlying syndrome, identify predictors of differential post-infusion outcomes, and contribute to optimising the overall management of CAR-T patients. The protocol will serve as the basis of guidance regarding clinical and paraclinical follow-up of patients undergoing CAR-T cell therapy.
White matter lesions as a prognostic marker of recurrence in cryptogenic stroke with high-risk patent foramen ovale
Authors: Niiyama Shunichi , Ueno Yuji , Kurita Naohide , Nakajima Sho , Kijima Chikage , Hira Kenichiro , Miyamoto Nobukazu , Watanabe Masao , Yamashiro Kazuo , Urabe Takao , Hattori Nobutaka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionAtrial septal aneurysms increase the risk of stroke recurrence in cryptogenic stroke patients with a patent foramen ovale. Factors related to stroke recurrence according to the patent foramen ovale risk stratification have not been fully evaluated.MethodsData from a multicenter observational registry of ischemic stroke patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography, with a comprehensive database including clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis, were used for this study. Patients were classified into three groups: high-risk patent foramen ovale group, large shunt patent foramen ovale (≥20 microbubbles) or patent foramen ovale with atrial septal aneurysm; right-to-left shunt group, right-to-left shunt including patent foramen ovale with <20 microbubbles or without atrial septal aneurysm; and negative right-to-left shunt group. Among stroke subtype, factors related to stroke recurrence were investigated according to the risk stratification of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic stroke.ResultsIn total, 586 patients (185 females; 65.5 ± 13.2 years) were analyzed. In cryptogenic stroke (329 patients) with median follow-up of 4.2 (interquartile range, 1.0– 6.1) years, 55 patients had stroke recurrence. The negative right-to-left shunt, right-to-left shunt, and high-risk patent foramen ovale groups included 179, 90, and 60 patients, in which stroke recurrence occurred in 5.3%, 2.5%, and 4.6% per person-year, respectively. In patients with high-risk patent foramen ovale, the NIH stroke scale score (hazard ratio 1.257, 95% CI 1.034-1.530,P=0.022) and periventricular hyperintensity (hazard ratio 3.369, 95% CI 1.103-10.294,P=0.035) were predictive markers for stroke recurrence on multivariate Cox Hazards analysis, but no factors were related to stroke recurrence in the right-to-left shunt and negative right-to-left shunt groups.ConclusionHigh-risk patent foramen ovale is an important embolic source in cryptogenic stroke. Periventricular hyperintensity was shown to predict recurrent stroke in patients with a high-risk patent foramen ovale. In such cases, percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure might be effective at <60 years of age.
Transcriptionally active chromatin loops contain both ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ histone modifications that exhibit exclusivity at the level of nucleosome clusters
Authors: Koestler Stefan A. , Ball Madeleine L. , Muresan Leila , Dinakaran Vineet , White Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChromatin state is thought to impart regulatory function to the underlying DNA sequence. This can be established through histone modifications, and chromatin organisation, but exactly how these factors relate to one another to regulate gene expression is unclear. In this study, we have used super-resolution microscopy to image the Y loops ofDrosophila melanogasterprimary spermatocytes, which are enormous transcriptionally active chromatin fibres, each representing single transcription units that are individually resolvable in the nuclear interior. We previously found that the Y loops consist of regular clusters of nucleosomes, with an estimated median of 54 nucleosomes per cluster with wide variation. In this study, we report that the histone modifications H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and H3K36me3 are also clustered along the Y loops, with H3K4me3 more associated with diffuse chromatin compared to H3K27me3. These histone modifications form domains that can be stretches of Y loop chromatin micrometres long, or can be in short alternating domains. The different histone modifications are associated with different sizes of chromatin clusters and unique morphologies. Strikingly, a single chromatin cluster almost always only contains only one type of the histone modifications that were labelled, suggesting exclusivity, and therefore regulation at the level of individual chromatin clusters. The active mark H3K36me3 is more associated with actively elongating RNA polymerase II than H3K27me3, with polymerase often appearing on what are assumed to be looping regions on the periphery of chromatin clusters. These results provide a foundation for understanding the relationship between chromatin state, chromatin organisation, and transcription regulation – with potential implications for pause-release dynamics, splicing complex organisation and chromatin dynamics during polymerase progression along a gene.
Optimizing Predictive Metrics for Human Reading Behavior
Authors: Sun Kun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExpectation and memory have been found to play crucial roles in human language comprehension. Currently, the effects of both expectation and memory can be estimated using computational methods. Computational metrics of surprisal and semantic relevance, which represent expectation and memory respectively, have been developed to accurately predict and explain language comprehension and processing. However, their efficacy is hindered by their inadequate integration of contextual information. Drawing inspiration from the attention mechanism in transformers and human forgetting mechanism, this study introduces an attention-aware method that thoroughly incorporates contextual information, updating surprisal and semantic relevance into attention-aware metrics respectively. Furthermore, by employing the quantum superposition principle, the study proposes an enhanced approach for integrating and encoding diverse information sources based on the two attention-aware metrics. Metrics that are both attention-aware and enhanced can integrate information from expectation and memory, showing superior effectiveness compared to existing metrics. This leads to more accurate predictions of eye movements during the reading of naturalistic discourse in 13 languages. The proposed approaches are fairly capable of facilitating simulation and evaluation of existing reading models and language processing theories. The metrics computed by the proposed approaches are highly interpretable and exhibit cross-language generalizations in predicting language comprehension. The innovative computational methods proposed in this study hold the great potential to enhance our understanding of human working memory mechanisms, human reading behavior and cognitive modeling in language processing. Moreover, they have the capacity to revolutionize ongoing research in computational cognition for language processing, offering valuable insights for computational neuroscience, quantum cognition and optimizing the design of AI systems.
Human subcutaneous and visceral adipocyte atlases uncover classical and specialized adipocytes and depot-specific patterns
Authors: Lazarescu Or , Ziv-Agam Maya , Haim Yulia , Hekselman Idan , Jubran Juman , Shneyour Ariel , Kitsberg Danny , Levin Liron , Liberty Idit F , Yoel Uri , Dukhno Oleg , Adam Miriam , Körner Antje , Murphy Rinki , Blüher Matthias , Habib Naomi , Rudich Assaf , Yeger-Lotem Esti 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTHuman adipose depots are functionally distinct. Yet, recent single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) analyses largely uncovered overlapping/similar cell-type landscapes. We hypothesized that adipocytes subtypes, differentiation trajectories, and/or intercellular communication patterns could illuminate this depot similarity-difference gap. For this, we performed snRNA-seq of human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. Whereas the majority of adipocytes in both depots were ‘classical’, namely enriched in lipid metabolism pathways, we also observed ‘specialized’ adipocyte subtypes that were enriched in immune-related, extracellular matrix deposition (fibrosis), vascularization/angiogenesis, or ribosomal processes. Pseudo-temporal analysis suggested a developmental trajectory from adipose progenitor cells to classical adipocytes via specialized adipocytes, suggesting that the classical state stems from loss, rather than gain, of specialized functions. Lastly, intercellular communication routes were consistent with the different inflammatory tone of the two depots. Jointly, these findings provide a high-resolution view into the contribution of cellular composition, differentiation, and intercellular communication patterns to human fat depot differences.
Comparing mouse and human cingulate cortex organization using functional connectivity
Authors: van Hout Aran T.B. , van Heukelum Sabrina , Rushworth Matthew F.S. , Grandjean Joanes , Mars Rogier B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe subdivisions of the extended cingulate cortex of the human brain are both implicated in a number of high-level behaviors and affected by a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Its anatomy, function, and response to therapeutics are often studied using non-human animals, including the mouse. However, the similarity of human and mouse frontal cortex, including cingulate areas, is still not fully understood. Some accounts emphasize resemblances between mouse cingulate cortex and human cingulate cortex while others emphasize similarities with human granular prefrontal cortex. We use comparative neuroimaging to study the connectivity of the cingulate cortex in the mouse and human, allowing comparisons between mouse ‘gold standard’ tracer and imaging data, and, in addition, comparison between the mouse and the human using comparable imaging data. We find overall similarities in organization of the cingulate between species, including anterior and midcingulate areas and a retrosplenial area. However, human cingulate contains subareas with a more fine-grained organization than is apparent in the mouse and it has connections to prefrontal areas not present in the mouse. Results such as these help formally address between-species brain organization with an aim to improve the translation from preclinical to human results.
Simulating corn futures market reaction and prices under weekly yield forecasts
Authors: Tsiboe Francis , Tack Jesse B. , Coble Keith , Harri Ardian , Cooper Joseph 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe increased availability and adoption of precision agriculture technologies has left researchers to grapple with how to best utilize the associated high-frequency large-volume of data. Since the wealth of information from precision equipment can easily be aggregated in real-time, this poses an interesting question of how aggregates of high-frequency data may complement, or substitute for, publicly released periodic reports from government agencies.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilized advances in event study and yield projection methodologies to test whether simulated weekly harvest-time yields potentially drive futures price that are significantly different from the status quo. The study employs a two-step methodology to ascertain how corn futures price reactions and price levels would have evolved if market participants had access to weekly forecasted yields. The marginal effects of new information on futures price returns are first established by exploiting the variation between news in publicly available information and price returns. Given this relationship, the study then estimates the counterfactual evolution of corn futures price attributable to new information associated with simulated weekly forecasted yields.FindingsThe results show that the market for corn exhibits only semi-strong form efficiency, as the “news” provided by the monthly Crop Production and World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates reports is incorporated into prices in at most two days after the release. As expected, an increase in corn yields relative to what was publicly known elicits a futures price decrease. The counterfactual analysis suggests that if weekly harvest-time yields were available to market participants, the daily corn futures price will potentially be relatively volatile during the harvest period, but the final price at the end of the harvest season will be lower.Originality/valueThe study uses simulation to show the potential evolution of corn futures price if market participants had access to weekly harvest-time yields. In doing so, the study provides insights centered around the ongoing debate regarding the economic value of USDA reports in the presence of growing information availability within the private sector.
Training and development in the Visegrad countries during Covid-19
Authors: Tomé Eduardo , Tracz-Krupa Katarzyna , Molek-Winiarska Dorota 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to define the impact of training and development (T&D) in the Visegrad countries (V4) as impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, namely, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. These countries have some political, cultural, social and economic similarities and share some common ground in the human resource development (HRD) sectors.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used the HRD theory and the human capital theory to analyse the context, operations and impact of T&D in the V4 countries due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in 400 companies, 100 from each of the four countries using the computer assisted web interviewing technique. The questionnaire was in a six-point Likert scale format and addressed 12 topics related to T&D: policy, expectations, procedures of diagnosis, preparation, implementation, monitoring, trainees, trainers, investment and expenditures, evaluation, results and controlling.

Findings
The authors concluded that in the Visegrad countries, Covid-19 raised expectations on T&D. This was followed by increased levels of action in diagnosis, preparation, monitoring and implementation, following pre-existing and adjusted policies. Evaluation and control were complicated. Investment and results and the human side of the T&D (trainees and trainers) were the ones for which there were more uncertainties and perplexities.

Research limitations/implications
The study has the limitation of using only a small sample in four countries. For further research, the authors suggest a larger study extended to all the European Union countries, an in-depth analysis of the current data and the kurtosis on Policy of T&D.

Practical implications
The results of the research can be used to improve T&D programs after the Covid-19 pandemic. They could also provide information to external trainers to improve and adjust their services according to the opinions of the respondents of the study. The research findings can also serve institutions responsible for policy provision of HRD at a national level by providing possibilities to apply for funding either within national or regional funds like the National Training Fund in Poland or within European Union money at a national level.

Originality/value
The study is original because even if the T&D in V4 countries during the Covid-19 pandemic had already been studied separately (e.g. Mikołajczyk, 2021; Vrabcová, Urbancová 2021; Vinichenko et al., 2021), no empirical, cross-national research analysing specifically the T&D in those countries has been carried out so far. The authors use an innovative methodology, addressing 12 topics and the people involved together with the stages in which a T&D policy is divided. That makes it innovative and very relevant.
Roles of board of directors and earnings management across SMEs life cycle: evidence from the UK
Authors: Hassan Inas Mahmoud , Amin Hala M.G. , Mostafa Diana , Elamer Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of the board of directors in affecting earnings management practices across small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) life cycle.Design/methodology/approachData is collected from 280 SMEs listed on the London Stock Exchange during the period of 2009–2016. Fixed effects regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThis study shows that the impact of the board of directors' roles on earnings management practices varies depending on the SMEs life cycle stage. In the introduction, growth and decline stages of SMEs, the wealth creation role of the board is negatively significant with earnings management, while the wealth protection role of the board is positively significant in the growth and maturity phases. Results suggest that the board's responsibility to create wealth deters early-stage earnings management strategies, while protecting shareholder interests, in latter stages, leads to a decrease in earnings management.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that corporate governance should be customized to the specific stage of the SMEs life cycle. Additionally, different life cycle stages may impose different requirements on corporate boards to shape the effectiveness of these mechanisms and constrain earnings management practices.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study offers one of the first insights on the UK SMEs to understand how board functions and earnings management practices vary over SMEs life cycles. It will offer important information on the effect of board features on earnings management in SMEs in the UK and is anticipated to be of importance to policymakers, regulators, investors and practitioners.
Religiosity and ethics in the labor market: resume fraud and judgment
Authors: Shtudiner Zeev , Zvi Liza 
Published: September 2023

PurposeLabor market studies show that job applicants are naturally inclined to embellish or omit information on their resumes, to gain advantage over other applicants. Religiosity can reveal much about an individual's sense of right and wrong and it has importance as a social force with a foundational role in ethical development. The study’s objective is to clarify the relationship between personal religiosity and the intentional deceitful presentation of information on resumes, as well as the judgment of situations with ethical content.Design/methodology/approachThe study is comprised of Jewish adult participants that submitted a resume in search of a job in the past 30 weeks in Israel. The questionnaire included questions regarding resume fraud, tolerance towards unethical and illegal behaviors and demographic and occupational questions.FindingsThe authors' results indicate that religious status may be a predictor of resume deception. Religious applicants reported more rigorous moral ethics, manifested by less tolerant attitudes toward unethical and illegal behaviors in comparison to seculars, which in turn, were associated with decreased tendency to deceive on resumes.Practical implicationsFor many countries, and especially emerging markets, the Covid pandemic negatively affected the economy and creating sufficient employment may be a challenge. A better understanding of the personal factors associated with problematic job searching behaviors is relevant.Originality/valueDespite the recognized importance of religion as a social force with a foundational role in ethical development, there is a lack of research on the impact of religiosity on ethical decisions in the labor market. The authors propose explanations for the results based on the theory of planned behavior and perceptions of normative beliefs.
Examining a centenary family business in the pasta industry: the case of Barilla, 1877–1971
Authors: Sargiacomo Massimo , Gliosca Luana , Quinn Martin 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the evolution of corporate governance through a 100-year-old Italian Barilla pasta family business from its founding to 1971. The study builds on prior research which has applied the three-circle model of family business systems in a historic context.

Design/methodology/approach
Using legal records, five phases in the history of Barilla are noted. Annual reports and other sources have allowed for some more insights into business events and developments. Then, drawing on the three-circle model of family business, the corporate governance regime is mapped to the model and the family actors.

Findings
The findings here support extant literature in that the systems in the three-circle model are found to overlap more in a historic setting. Challenges with the three-circle model are also noted, specifically, when corporate governance is considered across a century of an organisation’s history.

Originality/value
This study supports prior use of three-circle model of a family business in an historic context, providing further evidence the model is not static over time. Contrary to the original three-circle model, this study suggests that family actors can potentially occupy more than one location in the model if the non-human actor of corporate governance and its effect on human actors is also considered.