bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring dietary intake in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the methods and tools for estimating fish and seafood intake
Authors: Casey Elodie M D , Mojarrabi Misa , Hannan-Jones Mary T , Bogard Jessica R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Fish and seafood consumption makes an important but often under-recognized contribution to dietary patterns and nutrition, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, valid, and reliable dietary assessment tools (DATs) and methods to measure seafood consumption in resource-poor settings are needed.

Objective
To review the available DATs that have been used to measure fish and seafood consumption in LMICs and to assess their quality.

Data sources
A systematic search of the electronic databases Scopus, Embase, and Medline was conducted, identifying 1541 initial articles, of which 122 eligible full-text articles were reviewed.

Data extraction
Data extraction focused on the purpose of dietary assessment, setting, target population group, DAT type, administration mode, type of fish and seafood assessed, specific measure of food intake, use of a portion-size-estimation aid, and details of validity, reliability, and pilot testing of the DATs.

Data analysis
The most common DATs used were food frequency questionnaires (n = 80; 58%), of which 36 (25%) were semi-quantitative. The majority of tools (n = 107; 78%) included measurement of consumption frequency; only 41 studies (30%) measured frequency, quantity, and type of seafood consumed. Only 41 DATs (30%) solely focused on fish or seafood intake. Most DATs were interviewer administered (n = 80; 58%), 23 (16%) mentioned the use of a portion-size-estimation aid, and validity was tested for only 13% of DATs (n = 18).

Conclusion
This systematic review reveals a lack of sufficient detail in the use of standard DATs to fully capture the contribution of fish and seafood to diets in LMICs. Consequently, the need to develop or adapt existing DATs to capture frequency, quantity, and type of fish and seafood intake with consideration of cultural eating practices has been highlighted. This is essential for informing appropriate interventions to leverage the nutritional benefits of seafood consumption in LMICs.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021253607.
Autophagy during maize endosperm development dampens oxidative stress and promotes mitochondrial clearance
Authors: Barros Jessica A S , Chatt Elizabeth C , Augustine Robert C , McLoughlin Fionn , Li Faqiang , Otegui Marisa S , Vierstra Richard D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The selective turnover of macromolecules by autophagy provides a critical homeostatic mechanism for recycling cellular constituents and for removing superfluous and damaged organelles, membranes, and proteins. To better understand how autophagy impacts seed maturation and nutrient storage, we studied maize (Zea mays) endosperm in its early and middle developmental stages via an integrated multiomic approach using mutants impacting the core macroautophagy factor AUTOPHAGY (ATG)-12 required for autophagosome assembly. Surprisingly, the mutant endosperm in these developmental windows accumulated normal amounts of starch and Zein storage proteins. However, the tissue acquired a substantially altered metabolome, especially for compounds related to oxidative stress and sulfur metabolism, including increases in cystine, dehydroascorbate, cys-glutathione disulfide, glucarate, and galactarate, and decreases in peroxide and the antioxidant glutathione. While changes in the associated transcriptome were mild, the proteome was strongly altered in the atg12 endosperm, especially for increased levels of mitochondrial proteins without a concomitant increase in mRNA abundances. Although fewer mitochondria were seen cytologically, a heightened number appeared dysfunctional based on the accumulation of dilated cristae, consistent with attenuated mitophagy. Collectively, our results confirm that macroautophagy plays a minor role in the accumulation of starch and storage proteins during maize endosperm development but likely helps protect against oxidative stress and clears unneeded/dysfunctional mitochondria during tissue maturation.
In situ imaging of signaling molecule carbon monoxide in plants with a fluorescent probe
Authors: Cao Yuyao , Xu Yinxiang , Fang Ning , Jiao Qingcai , Zhu Hai-liang , Li Zhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a recently discovered gasotransmitter. In animals, it has been found that endogenously produced CO participates in the regulation of various metabolic processes. Recent research has indicated that CO, acting as a signaling molecule, plays a crucial regulatory role in plant development and their response to abiotic stress. In this work, we developed a fluorescent probe, named COP (carbonic oxide Probe), for the in situ imaging of CO in Arabidopsis thaliana plant tissues. The probe was designed by combining malononitrile-naphthalene as the fluorophore and a typical palladium-mediated reaction mechanism. When reacted with the released CO, COP showed an obvious fluorescence enhancement at 575 nm, which could be observed in naked-eye conditions. With a linear range of 0–10 μM, the limit of detection of COP was determined as 0.38 μM. The detection system based on COP indicated several advantages including relatively rapid response within 20 min, steadiness in a wide pH range of 5.0–10.0, high selectivity, and applicative anti-interference. Moreover, with a penetration depth of 30 μm, COP enabled 3D imaging of CO dynamics in plant samples, whether it was caused by agent release, heavy metal stress, or inner oxidation. This work provides a fluorescent probe for monitoring CO levels in plant samples, and it expands the application field of CO-detection technology, assisting researchers in understanding the dynamic changes in plant physiological processes, making it an important tool for studying plant physiology and biological processes.
Lessons from relatives: C4 photosynthesis enhances CO2 assimilation during the low-light phase of fluctuations
Authors: Arce Cubas Lucίa , Rodrigues Gabriel Sales Cristina , Vath Richard L , Bernardo Emmanuel L , Burnett Angela C , Kromdijk Johannes 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Despite the global importance of species with C4 photosynthesis, there is a lack of consensus regarding C4 performance under fluctuating light. Contrasting hypotheses and experimental evidence suggest that C4 photosynthesis is either less or more efficient in fixing carbon under fluctuating light than the ancestral C3 form. Two main issues have been identified that may underly the lack of consensus: neglect of evolutionary distance between selected C3 and C4 species and use of contrasting fluctuating light treatments. To circumvent these issues, we measured photosynthetic responses to fluctuating light across 3 independent phylogenetically controlled comparisons between C3 and C4 species from Alloteropsis, Flaveria, and Cleome genera under 21% and 2% O2. Leaves were subjected to repetitive stepwise changes in light intensity (800 and 100 µmol m−2 s−1 photon flux density) with 3 contrasting durations: 6, 30, and 300 s. These experiments reconciled the opposing results found across previous studies and showed that (i) stimulation of CO2 assimilation in C4 species during the low-light phase was both stronger and more sustained than in C3 species; (ii) CO2 assimilation patterns during the high-light phase could be attributable to species or C4 subtype differences rather than photosynthetic pathway; and (iii) the duration of each light step in the fluctuation regime can strongly influence experimental outcomes.
Anti-polyelectrolyte and polyelectrolyte effects on conformations of polyzwitterionic chains in dilute aqueous solutions
Authors: Liu Zening , Keum Jong K , Li Tianyu , Chen Jihua , Hong Kunlun , Wang Yangyang , Sumpter Bobby G , Advincula Rigoberto , Kumar Rajeev 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Polyzwitterions (PZs) are considered as model synthetic analogs of intrinsically disordered proteins. Based on this analogy, PZs in dilute aqueous solutions are expected to attain either globular (i.e. molten, compact) or random coil conformations. Addition of salt is expected to open these conformations. To the best of our knowledge, these hypotheses about conformations of PZs have never been verified. In this study, we test these hypotheses by studying effects of added salt [potassium bromide (KBr)] on gyration and hydrodynamic radii of poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) in dilute aqueous solutions using dynamic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering, respectively. Effects of zwitteration are revealed by direct comparisons of the PZs with the polymers of the same backbone but containing (1) no explicit charges on side groups such as poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)s and (2) explicit cationic side groups with tertiary amino bromide pendants. Zeta-potential measurements, transmission electron microscopy, and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the PZs acquire net positive charge in near salt-free conditions due to protonation but retain coiled conformations. Added KBr leads to nonmonotonic changes exhibiting an increase followed by a decrease in radius of gyration (and hydrodynamic radius), which are called antipolyelectrolyte and polyelectrolyte effects, respectively. Charge regulation and screening of charge–charge interactions are discussed in relation to the antipolyelectrolyte and polyelectrolyte effects, respectively, which highlight the importance of salt in affecting net charge and conformations of PZs.
Cognitive ability and ideology join forces in the culture war: A model of opinion formation
Authors: Eriksson Kimmo , Vartanova Irina , Hazin Isabela , Strimling Pontus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We propose a model of moral policy opinion formation that integrates both ideology and cognitive ability. The link from people's ideology to their opinions is assumed to go via a semantic processing of moral arguments that relies on the individual's cognitive ability. An implication of this model is that the relative quality of arguments that justify supporting vs. opposing a moral policy—the policy's “argument advantage”—is key to how opinions will be distributed in the population and develop over time. To test this implication, we combine polling data with measures of the argument advantage for 35 moral policies. Consistent with the opinion formation model, the argument advantage of a moral policy accounts for how public opinion moves over time, and how support for the policy ideologies varies across different ideological groups and levels of cognitive ability, including a strong interaction between ideology and cognitive ability.
Intergenerational transmission of height in a historical population: From taller mothers to larger offspring at birth (and as adults)
Authors: Floris Joël , Matthes Katarina L , Le Vu Mathilde , Staub Kaspar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChanges in growth and height reflect changes in nutritional status and health. The systematic surveillance of growth can suggest areas for interventions. Moreover, phenotypic variation has a strong intergenerational component. There is a lack of historical family data that can be used to track the transmission of height over subsequent generations. Maternal height is a proxy for conditions experienced by one generation that relates to the health/growth of future generations. Cross-sectional/cohort studies have shown that shorter maternal height is closely associated with lower birth weight of offspring. We analyzed the maternal height and offspring weight at birth in the maternity hospital in Basel, Switzerland, from 1896 to 1939 (N = ∼12,000) using generalized additive models (GAMs). We observed that average height of the mothers increased by ∼4 cm across 60 birth years and that average birth weight of their children shows a similarly shaped and upward trend 28 years later. Our final model (adjusted for year, parity, sex of the child, gestational age, and maternal birth year) revealed a significant and almost linear association between maternal height and birth weight. Maternal height was the second most important variable modeling birth weight, after gestational age. In addition, we found a significant association between maternal height and aggregated average height of males from the same birth years at time of conscription, 19 years later. Our results have implications for public health: When (female/maternal) height increases due to improved nutritional status, size at birth—and subsequently also the height in adulthood of the next generation—increases as well. However, the directions of development in this regard may currently differ depending on the world region.
Efgartigimod restores muscle function in a humanized mouse model of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy
Authors: Julien Sarah , van der Woning Bas , De Ceuninck Leentje , Briand Emma , Jaworski Thara , Roussel Gaëlle , Zoubaïri Rachid , Allenbach Yves , Benveniste Olivier , Drouot Laurent , Boyer Olivier 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies (IMNMs) are severe forms of myositis often associated with pathogenic anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) autoantibodies (aAbs). Efgartigimod is an engineered human IgG1 Fc fragment that antagonizes the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), thereby preventing recycling and promoting lysosomal degradation of IgG, including aAbs. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of IgG reduction by efgartigimod in a humanized murine model of IMNM.

Methods
Disease was induced in C5-deficient (C5def) or Rag2-deficient (Rag2–/–) mice receiving co-injections of anti-HMGCR+ IgG from an IMNM patient and human complement. C5def mice were treated in a preventive setting with s.c. injections of efgartigimod and Rag2–/– mice in a curative setting after disease was induced by anti-HMGCR+ IgG injections. Anti-HMGCR aAbs levels were monitored in mouse serum and muscle tissue. Histological analysis was performed on muscle sections. Muscle force was assessed by grip test or measurement of gastrocnemius strength upon electrostimulation.

Results
Administration of efgartigimod rapidly reduced total IgG levels, including the level of pathogenic anti-HMGCR aAbs, in both serum (P &lt; 0.0001) and muscle (P &lt; 0.001). In the preventive setting, efgartigimod prevented myofibre necrosis (P &lt; 0.05), thus precluding loss of muscle strength (P &lt; 0.05). In the therapeutic setting, efgartigimod prevented further necrosis and allowed muscle fibre regeneration (P &lt; 0.05). Hence, muscle strength returned to normal (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusion
Efgartigimod reduces circulating IgG levels, including pathogenic anti-HMGCR+ IgG aAbs, in a humanized mouse model of IMNM, preventing further necrosis and allowing muscle fibre regeneration. These results support investigating the therapeutic efficacy of efgartigimod through a clinical trial in IMNM patients.
A Social Network Analysis of Influences on Residents’ Value-Based Decisions
Authors: Bock Lotte A. , Westra Daan , Noben Cindy Y.G. , Essers Brigitte A.B. , van Mook Walther N.K.A. 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo ensure a value-based health care system, it is becoming increasingly important that residents are trained in making value-based decisions. This study explored the social network influencing residents’ value-based decisions.MethodTo explore the social network influencing residents’ value-based decisions, the authors used a semistructured individual and mini-group interviewing approach and participatory visual mapping. In total, 17 residents across 13 different specialties were interviewed from the southeastern postgraduate medical education and training region of the Netherlands, May–November 2021. Two researchers independently coded the transcribed data using an integrated inductive thematic approach. Subsequently, social network analysis was used to visualize the results.ResultsResidents indicated that their value-based decisions were influenced by direct actors who influenced decisions related to patients and indirect actors who shaped decisions related to patients without directly modifying them. Different interaction-aspects (i.e., personal, situational, and institutional) further affected residents’ ability to make value-based decisions. Thus, residents’ value-based decisions were a product of the interplay between various interactions with actors and different interaction-aspects. Residents defined value-based decisions differently, even within an interview.ConclusionsThese results suggest residents’ value-based decisions are influenced by a multitude of actors, including hierarchically superior colleagues who can directly alter decisions and patients (and their families) and nurses with whom residents consider it important to maintain good relationships. In addition, more experienced actors, mainly from the medical and nursing profession, contribute most to learning. Furthermore, residents’ value-based decisions are deeply underpinned by the hidden curriculum. However, many senior physicians may not have received sufficient training in the concept of value-based health care. Consequently, an approach of formally educating residents in value-based health care will likely have limited effects unless social influences in day-to-day clinical settings reinforce its importance.
Only 1% of Total Knee Arthroplasty Clinical Trials Report Patient Opioid Use Before or After Surgery
Authors: Crane Patricia , Morris John , Egan William , Young Jodi L. , Nova Vitalina , Rhon Daniel I. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Many clinical trials report significant improvements in osteoarthritis-related pain and function after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Opioids are commonly prescribed for pain management of knee osteoarthritis and also perioperative pain after surgery. The extent of persistent opioid use after TKA is unknown. Because up to 20% of individuals have poor outcomes after TKA and prior opioid use is a risk factor for future opioid use, treatment effects from TKA clinical trials would be better understood by assessing opioid use data from trial participants. The purpose of this review was to determine the proportion of participants in TKA trials with opioid use before surgery and persistent use after surgery and how well clinical trials capture and report these variables.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic review of the literature (5 databases: CINAHL Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science) was conducted to assess the reporting of opioid use in TKA clinical trials. All opioid use was extracted, both prior and postoperatively. Long-term opioid use was determined using 4 different contemporary definitions to increase the sensitivity of the assessment.

Results:
The search produced 24,252 titles and abstracts, and 324 met the final inclusion criteria. Only 4 of the 324 trials (1.2%) reported any type of opioid use; 1 identified prior opioid use, and none reported long-term opioid use after surgery. Only 1% of TKA clinical trials in the past 15 years reported any opioid use.

Discussion:
Based on available research, it is not possible to determine if TKA is effective in reducing reliance on opioids for pain management. It also highlights the need to better track and report prior and long-term opioid use as a core outcome in future TKA trials.
Construction and Evaluation of Clinical Prediction Model for Immunotherapy-related Adverse Events and Clinical Benefit in Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Based on Serum Cytokine Levels
Authors: Zhao Ni , Jiang Aimin , Shang Xiao , Zhao Fumei , Wang Ruoxuan , Fu Xiao , Ruan Zhiping , Liang Xuan , Tian Tao , Yao Yu , Li Chunli 
Published: June 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of cancer therapy. This study aimed to develop novel risk classifiers to predict the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and the probability of clinical benefits. Patients with cancer who received ICIs from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University from November 2020 to October 2022 were recruited and followed up. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictive factors for irAEs and clinical response. Two nomograms were developed to predict the irAEs and clinical responses of these individuals, with a receiver operating characteristic curve to assess their predictive ability. Decision curve analysis was performed to estimate the clinical utility of the nomogram. This study included 583 patients with cancer. Among them, 111 (19.0%) developed irAEs. Duration of treatment (DOT)>3 cycles, hepatic-metastases, IL2>2.225 pg/mL, and IL8>7.39 pg/mL were correlated with higher irAEs risk. A total of 347 patients were included in the final efficacy analysis, with an overall clinical benefit rate of 39.7%. DOT>3 cycles, nonhepatic-metastases, and irAEs and IL8>7.39 pg/mL were independent predictive factors of clinical benefit. Ultimately, 2 nomograms were successfully established to predict the probability of irAEs and their clinical benefits. Ultimately, 2 nomograms were successfully established to predict the probability of irAEs and clinical benefits. The receiver operating characteristic curves yielded acceptable nomogram performance. Calibration curves and decision curve analysis supported the hypothesis that nomograms could provide more significant net clinical benefits to these patients. Specific baseline plasma cytokines were closely correlated with irAEs and clinical responses in these individuals.
Machine learning in basic scientific research on oral diseases
Authors: Yin Cheng , Yan Bin 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The growing complexity and increasing scale of biological data have led scientists to develop novel analytical methods in bioinformatics. Machine learning is a predictive model to learn from a particular dataset, analyze it, and make predictions. However, the technology is complex and relatively new, especially in the basic research on oral diseases. This review surveys machine learning in the research on oral diseases. Articles were extracted from PubMed. Results, key concepts, techniques, benefits, and challenges of machine learning in the basic research on oral diseases are summarized. Future trends are predicted for forthcoming research.
Progress in clinical application of computer-assisted orthopedic surgery
Authors: Shen Huaqiao , Liu Hongwei 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of computer technology, new materials, 5G communication, artificial intelligence and robot technology, computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS) technology has obtained an unprecedented opportunity for development, which has greatly promoted the personalized, accurate and minimally invasive process of orthopedic surgery. Compared with traditional orthopedic surgery, CAOS has significant advantages in implementing accurate surgery, shortening operation time, reducing patient trauma and reducing intraoperative X-ray radiation exposure. However, with the increasing medical needs of patients and the increasing medical costs, the technology of computer-assisted orthopedic surgery still needs to be improved. This paper mainly summarizes the current situation of clinical application of computer-assisted orthopedic surgery, focusing on following four aspects: broken bone splicing and restoration technology, 3D printing guide plate assisted orthopedic surgery, computer-assisted navigation in orthopedic surgery and orthopedic surgery robot technology. At the same time, the problems and difficulties existing in CAOS are discussed, and the author's own views on the future development of computer-assisted orthopedic surgery are put forward.