bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the concept of delusions: Global trends and psychopathology in Japan
Authors: Kumazaki Tsutomu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present article spotlights challenging conceptual and epistemological issues regarding delusions. A research history of various approaches to delusions in Europe, the United States, and Japan reveals the difficulty of defining delusions. Facing these difficulties, the standard concept of delusions has become thinner than the traditional ones, making its boundary with minority opinions vaguer. Nevertheless, clinical typology and epistemological approaches are contributing to the continuous conceptual refinement of delusions. Both standpoints validate and promote each other in elaborating the characteristics of delusions and their boundaries with non‐delusions. In addition, epistemological inquiries into delusions shed new light on the extraordinarily difficult problems in the relationship among belief, knowledge, certainty, and delusions, contributing to epistemology in general. These approaches to delusions promote the evolution of the concept of delusions and related epistemological inquiries.
Development and preliminary validation of the Group Cognitive Therapy Scale
Authors: Nakashima Misuzu , Matsunaga Miki , Otani Makoto , Kuga Hironori , Fujisawa Daisuke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this research was to create a scale to assess the competency of therapists who conduct group cognitive behavioral therapy (G‐CBT). The scale is intended to serve as a tool to aid the training of therapists.MethodsThree stepped studies were conducted. Process 1: Through literature review and experts' consensus process, essential skills for G‐CBT were articulated and categorized according to the criteria of the Cognitive Therapy Scale, a well‐established rating scale for evaluating clinicians' skills in individual cognitive behavioral therapy. The list of those skills was organized into a rating scale. Process 2: Behavioral anchors were added to each skill and were classified by the levels of difficulty (beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels), based on the rating by G‐CBT experts. Process 3: Inter‐rater reliability and validity of the rating scale were examined in a sample of 41 videotaped G‐CBT sessions of actual clinical sessions and educational role‐plays.ResultsThe 12‐item Group Cognitive Therapy Scale (G‐CTS) was developed. It consists of 11 items that are adapted from the original Cognitive Therapy Scale, and a new 12th item called “Intervention using relationships with other participants,” which describes therapists' skills to address group dynamics. The G‐CTS showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α: 0.95), satisfactory inter‐rater reliability (interclass correlation coefficients: 0.65–0.88), and high predictive validity.ConclusionA novel rating scale to evaluate therapists' competency in G‐CBT was developed and successfully validated. The G‐CTS behavioral checklist created in this study provides concrete guidelines that can be used by therapists to hone their skills in G‐CBT.
Pathography in Japan: Exploring the relationship between creativity and the psyche
Authors: Tanaka Shinichiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPathography is a medical anthropological approach that examines the relationship between creation and psychiatric disorders through psychopathological and psychoanalytical lenses using case studies. Since it was first defined in the mid‐1960s, pathography in Japan has kept pace with current advances in psychopathological research. However, to date, the findings of pathographic research in Japan have not been published in English. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce the history, methodology, and development of pathography in Japan to the English‐speaking world, accompanied by some classical examples. The paper first describes the history of pathography, from its origins in ancient Greece to important research in the field, including examples of publications and translations. Next, the paper presents the methodology of classical pathography as an approach that shares clinical psychopathology and psychiatric evaluation methods. This topic also introduces five main theses on the relationship between creativity and psychiatric disorders: opposition (“in spite of”), parallelism (“because of”), substitution (“instead of”), intrinsic (“belonging to”), and sublimation (“subsequent to”). Finally, the paper describes the development of pathographic research in Japan by summarizing the pathographies of several figures, including both creators and characters in literary works, and introducing the latest research on salutography, a newly developed field of study that explores the relationship between creativity and mental health. The paper concludes with a few words about the current limitations of pathography and suggestions for ethical considerations with respect to privacy legislation.
Sulfated motifs in heparan sulfate inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae adhesion onto fibronectin and attenuate corneal infection
Authors: Hayashida Atsuko , Saeed Hajirah N. , Zhang Fuming , Song Yuefan , Liu Jian , Parks William C. , Bispo Paulo J. M. , Park Pyong Woo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA large number of bacterial pathogens bind to host extracellular matrix (ECM) components. For example, many Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive pathogens express binding proteins for fibronectin (FN) on their cell surface. Mutagenesis studies of bacterial FN‐binding proteins have demonstrated their importance in pathogenesis in preclinical animal models. However, means to draw on these findings to design therapeutic approaches that specifically target FN‐bacteria interactions have not been successful because bacterial pathogens can elaborate several FN‐binding proteins and also because FN is an essential protein and likely a nondruggable target. Here we report that select heparan compounds potently inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae infection of injured corneas in mice. Using intact heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin (HP), heparinase‐digested fragments of HS, HP oligosaccharides, and chemically or chemoenzymatically modified heparan compounds, we found that inhibition of S. pneumoniae corneal infection by heparan compounds is not mediated by simple charge effects but by a selective sulfate group. Removal of 2‐O‐sulfates significantly inhibited the ability of HP to inhibit S. pneumoniae corneal infection, whereas the addition of 2‐O‐sulfates to heparosan (H) significantly increased H's ability to inhibit bacterial corneal infection. Proximity ligation assays indicated that S. pneumoniae attaches directly to FN fibrils in the corneal epithelial ECM and that HS and HP specifically inhibit this binding interaction in a 2‐O‐sulfate‐dependent manner. These data suggest that heparan compounds containing 2‐O‐sulfate groups protect against S. pneumoniae corneal infection by inhibiting bacterial attachment to FN fibrils in the subepithelial ECM of injured corneas. Moreover, 2‐O‐sulfated heparan compounds significantly inhibited corneal infection in immunocompromised hosts, by a clinical keratitis isolate of S. pneumoniae, and also when topically administered in a therapeutic manner. These findings suggest that the administration of nonanticoagulant 2‐O‐sulfated heparan compounds may represent a plausible approach to the treatment of S. pneumoniae keratitis.
The contribution of household fruit and vegetable growing to fruit and vegetable self‐sufficiency and consumption
Authors: Gulyas Boglarka Z. , Edmondson Jill L. 
Published: August 2023

Societal Impact StatementHousehold fruit and vegetable (F&V) production in allotments and gardens can provide sustainable access to nutritious food. The present study demonstrates that UK household F&V production supplies more than half of the vegetables and potatoes and 20% of the fruit that growers consume annually. Importantly, study participants ate 6.3 portions of their recommended 5‐a‐day F&V (70% higher than the UK national average), and their wasted F&V was 95% lower than the national average. This provides key evidence to demonstrate the role household F&V production could play in providing access to fresh F&V, which is key to a healthy, food‐secure population.SummaryImproving access to and consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is crucial to a healthy and food‐secure population, as current low intakes are linked to high rates of non‐communicable diseases, premature death and increased healthcare costs. Household F&V production could improve diet quality and food system resilience, however, quantitative evidence for its potential is limited.We studied year‐long F&V production, purchases, donations and waste in UK food‐grower households (N = 85) using a food diary approach.Median year‐round household self‐sufficiency was 51% in vegetables, 20% in fruits and 50% in potatoes. The median daily per capita F&V intake was 507 g, which is the equivalent of 6.3 portions of F&V and 70% higher than the UK national average. On average, own production accounted for half of each household's annual 5‐a‐day F&V requirements. F&V waste was negligible, equivalent to 0.12 portions per day and 95% lower than the UK average F&V waste.We demonstrate that promoting household F&V production could improve food system resilience, diet‐related public health and sustainability.
Boundary‐layer plumes over mountainous terrain in idealized large‐eddy simulations
Authors: Weinkaemmerer Jan , Göbel Matthias , Serafin Stefano , Ďurán Ivan Bašták , Schmidli Jürg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoherent plume structures in the convective boundary layer over non‐flat terrain are investigated using large‐eddy simulation. A conditional sampling method based on the concentration of a decaying passive tracer is implemented in order to identify the boundary‐layer plumes objectively. Conditional sampling allows quantification of the contribution of plume structures to the vertical transport of heat and moisture. A first set of simulations analyzes the flow over an idealized valley, where the terrain elevation only varies along one horizontal coordinate axis. In this case, vertical transport by coherent structures is the dominant contribution to the turbulent components of both heat and moisture flux. It is comparable in magnitude to the advective transport by the mean slope‐wind circulation, although it is more important for heat than for moisture transport. A second set of simulations considers flow over terrain with a complex texture, drawn from an actual digital elevation model. In this case, conditional sampling is carried out by using a simple domain‐decomposition approach. We demonstrate that thermal updrafts are generally more frequent on hill tops than over the surroundings, but they are less persistent on the windward sides when large‐scale winds are present in the free atmosphere. Large‐scale upper level winds tend to reduce the vertical moisture transport by the slope winds.
A DFT and Mössbauer spectroscopy investigation of spin‐crossover iron(II) complexes with 2,6‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)pyridines
Authors: Kozlova Svetlana G. , Petrov Sergey A. , Tikhonov Alexsei Ya. , Lavrenova Lyudmila G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA quantum chemical study was carried out for a number of iron(II) complexes [FeL2]Ai·nH2O (L = 2,6‐bis(1H‐imidazole‐2‐yl)pyridine (L1); 2,6‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐imidazole‐2‐yl)pyridine (L2); 2,6‐bis(1H‐benzimidazole‐2‐yl)pyridine (L3); A = ReO4−, B10H102−, B12H122−; n = 0–2). These complexes exist in the low spin (LS) form 1A1 (total electron spin S = 0) at room temperature and switch to the high spin (HS) form 5T2 (S = 2) upon heating. The experimental isomeric shift and quadrupole splitting values for compounds with L2 exceed those for compounds with L1 and L3 by <0.02> mm/s and <0.1> mm/s, respectively (for LS forms). Such a discrepancy between MS parameters can be explained by the assumption that chemical bonding between the iron ion and the surrounding nitrogen atoms in the compounds with L2 may be more ionic in character than that in the compounds with L1 and L3. At the same time, the results obtained with the TPSSh hybrid meta‐GGA functional gave a better agreement with the experimental data than those obtained with the B3LYP exchange‐correlation functional.
Potassium transport and use efficiency for sustainable fertigation in protected cropping
Authors: Sonali  , Huda Samsul , Jayasena Vijay , Ahmed Talaat , Chen Zhong‐Hua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increasing demand for high‐quality horticultural produces in global markets has driven the growing crop production under protected cropping, which are usually more efficient in fertilizer use compared to field cultivation. As one of the key macronutrients, available potassium (K+) resources have decreased due to the expansion of intensive agriculture and excessive use of K fertilizers. Currently, limited strategies have been adopted to improve crop quality in protected cropping with sustainable use of K+ fertigation and its comprehensive understanding at physiological and molecular levels. Therefore, we highlight the importance of optimal use of K+ in fertigation in protected cultivation that may also enhance crop quality characteristics. We review different K+ channels and transporters from various protein families responsible for K+ absorption and distribution across different plant tissues. An analysis of the literature on transcriptome, ionome, proteome and metabolome profiles of crops suggests the crucial roles of K+ in maintaining ion homoeostasis and modulating stress responses. It reveals that optimal K+ fertigation levels in protected cropping not only aids in maintaining the overall crop growth and production but also participates in maintaining the fruit quality. This review can potentially guide crop production and resource use efficiency in protected cropping, contributing to global food security and a better sustainable agricultural and environmental future.
Young children co‐constructing science: The importance of their families and cultural communities
Authors: McWayne Christine M. , Melzi Gigliana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is considerable agreement among scientists, educators, and policymakers about the need to broaden participation in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education. Yet, equity requires much more than increasing STEM access for marginalized groups of children. In this invited commentary, we raise two critical points for the field to continue to grapple with as we investigate ways to engage young minds in STEM learning. It is critical that research with young children focuses on the process of doing science, while appreciating that the process of scientific thinking and learning are culturally constructed and situated. Specifically, as researchers and educators, we must do better at contextualizing children's scientific thinking process as it unfolds in their daily lives—with their peers, families, and in their cultural communities. Specific studies highlighted throughout this essay seek to document and promote family, community, and teaching practices that are effective for supporting young children's learning and explorations in STEM across our increasingly diverse society. We propose opportunities for future researchers to focus their efforts, including the following: more multidisciplinary work that includes synthesis across disciplines and methodological traditions; more diverse samples and investigative teams, such that cultural insiders are full participants; more descriptive studies focusing on the everyday experiences in children's lives that promote the development of scientific thinking and practices; and practice‐informed research.
Comparison of macro x‐ray fluorescence and reflectance imaging spectroscopy for the semi‐quantitative analysis of pigments in easel paintings: A study on lead white and blue verditer
Authors: de Almeida Nieto Luís Manuel , Gabrieli Francesca , van Loon Annelies , Gonzalez Victor , Dik Joris , Van de Plas Raf , Alfeld Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMacroscopic x‐ray fluorescence imaging spectroscopy (MA‐XRF) and reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS) are important tools in the analysis of cultural heritage objects, both for conservation and art historical research purposes. The elemental and molecular distributions provided by MA‐XRF and RIS respectively, are particularly useful for the identification and mapping of pigments in easel paintings. While MA‐XRF has relatively established data processing methods based on modeling of the underlying physics, RIS data cannot be modeled with sufficient precision and its processing has considerable room for improvements. This work seeks to improve RIS data processing workflows in the short wavelength infrared range (SWIR, 1000–2500 nm) with a novel method that fits Gaussian profiles to pigment‐specific absorption features, and we compare its performance to MA‐XRF for the task of semi‐quantitative pigment mapping, evaluating their limits of detection (LODs) and the matrix effects that affect their signals. Two pigments are considered in this work, lead white and blue verditer, which are mapped in SWIR RIS using the first overtone of OH stretching of their primary compounds, hydrocerussite (Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2) and azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2), at 1447 and 1497 nm respectively, and in MA‐XRF using the Pb‐L and Cu‐K fluorescence signals. The methods are evaluated using two sets of custom‐prepared paint samples, as well as a 16th‐century painting, discussing the identification, mapping, and semi‐quantitative analysis of the considered pigments. We found SWIR RIS to be a pigment‐specific method with a longer linear range but inferior LODs and penetration depth when compared to MA‐XRF, the latter is often not capable of discriminating between different pigments with identical elemental markers. We furthermore present a novel color scale that allows the simultaneous visualization of signals above and below a confidence limit.
Status epilepticus in adults: a clinically oriented review of etiologies, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic advances
Authors: Khoueiry Maria , Alvarez Vincent 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStatus epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency associated with a high mortality rate. Collaborative efforts have been made to establish standardized definitions, classifications, and treatment protocols to improve management and reduce mortality. In 2015, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) developed a new definition and classification system for SE, taking into account the pathophysiology of SE and setting time points for treatment decision-making, while considering the variability in seizure semiology.Timely identification of the underlying cause of SE would facilitate more targeted treatment, as almost half of all SE cases require specific therapy for the underlying cause in addition to providing symptomatic treatment.A stepwise algorithm for seizure management is proposed, with the initial stage involving the administration of benzodiazepines (BZD), followed by the use of non-sedating anti-seizure medications (ASM) as the second line of treatment. The decision to resort to therapeutic coma is made on a case-by-case basis, as most invasive treatments may not always be the best approach.This comprehensive review provides an overview of SE and its definition, pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and recent treatment advances.
Intersexual and Intrasexual Differences in Mate Selection Preferences Among Lesbian Women, Gay Men, and Bisexual Women and Men
Authors: Klümper Lisa , Hassebrauck Manfred , Schwarz Sascha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSex differences in mating strategies and partner preferences are well established. However, most research solely focused on heterosexual women and men. We examined the mate selection, marriage, and age preferences of a sample of lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual women and men (LGB) who took part in an online dating survey. Additionally, we analyzed inter- and intrasexual differences in these preferences. A total of 710 participants rated the importance of 82 mate selection criteria and 10 marriage criteria, and they also indicated their age preferences and short-term and long-term relationship orientation. An exploratory factor analysis suggested 11 relevant domains of mate selection in the LGB sample, with sex, age, and long-term relationship orientation being relevant predictors of differences in these domains. We compared the LGB data with data collected from 21,245 heterosexual women and men on the same mate selection criteria. Results showed that the participants’ sex was the most important predictor of differences in mate selection and marriage preferences, while intrasexual variables (sexual orientation and relationship orientation) explained only a small part of the variance. We incorporated the results into the current discussion about partner preferences and sexual orientation.
Resource Dependencies and the Legitimatization of Grocery Retailer’s Social Evaluations of Suppliers
Authors: Gorton Matthew , Kastenhofer Klaus , Lemke Fred , Esquivel Luis , Nicolau Mariana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultinational corporations (MNCs) are increasingly judged not only on their own social impacts but also on those of their supply chain partners. To reduce this environmental dependence, many MNCs implement social evaluations and codes of conduct which suppliers must follow. But how do MNCs legitimise and implement social evaluations in their supply chains? To address this, we draw on and augment resource dependence and legitimacy theories, to analyse a multinational grocery retailer’s implementation of labour standards for its fruit and vegetable suppliers. The case study utilises interviews, analysis of a database of audits, internal documents, and observational data. It provides the basis for theorizing corporate reputation as a resource dependency, with social evaluations a distinct means to co-opt external actors to preserve the focal organization’s autonomy while reducing environmental contingencies. The legitimacy of social evaluations of supply chain partners depends on processes that reconcile both moral and pragmatic concerns, allowing the focal organization to mitigate resource dependencies without ceding control over enforcement and enabling actions.
Explainable contextual anomaly detection using quantile regression forests
Authors: Li Zhong , van Leeuwen Matthijs 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraditional anomaly detection methods aim to identify objects that deviate from most other objects by treating all features equally. In contrast, contextual anomaly detection methods aim to detect objects that deviate from other objects within a context of similar objects by dividing the features into contextual features and behavioral features. In this paper, we develop connections between dependency-based traditional anomaly detection methods and contextual anomaly detection methods. Based on resulting insights, we propose a novel approach to inherently interpretable contextual anomaly detection that uses Quantile Regression Forests to model dependencies between features. Extensive experiments on various synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods in identifying contextual anomalies in terms of accuracy and interpretability.