bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Diagnosis of Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Daly Gwendolyn E. , Stefanko Alexa , Henning Catherine , Crupi Lisa , Howell Lori K. , Wolfswinkel Erik M. 
Published: January 2025

Craniosynostosis is rarely diagnosed in utero. Prenatal diagnosis has the potential to improve patient outcomes and streamline care, however, and is becoming more feasible as technology improves. The objective of this study is to examine existing literature on prenatal diagnosis of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed were searched for articles discussing prenatal diagnosis of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis via imaging studies. Studies that exclusively examined syndromic craniosynostosis were excluded. Diagnostic criteria for prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis. The search identified 2129 articles. And 12 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Ten of 12 included studies (83.3%) utilized biometric data (biparietal and occipitofrontal diameter, cranial index) to analyze fetal head shape. Two of 12 studies (16.7%) utilized specific ultrasonic markers to identify craniosynostosis including a “brain shadowing sign.” One study (8.3%) created a systematic quantitative screening methodology with formal shape analysis for identification of sagittal synostosis. In all included studies, identification of craniosynostosis was possible in the second or third trimesters. Prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis is feasible and has the potential to improve patient outcomes. Creation of screening protocols and standardized metrics for sonographic diagnosis are important next steps in craniosynostosis care.
Unveiling Oral Health Differences: Gingival Health and Hygiene in Children With and Without Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Genovez Guida Paola , Costa Matheus Souza de Campos , de Azevedo-Silva Lucas José , Dalben Gisele da Silva , Garib Daniela Gamba , Pompéia Fraga de Almeida Ana Lúcia 
Published: January 2025

Objective To compare the oral hygiene and gingival health of children with and without cleft lip and palate. Design Cross-sectional comparative study. Setting Institutional tertiary referral hospital. Patients/Participants This study was conducted on 108 children aged 6 to 12 years, divided into 3 groups: Group 1 = children with cleft lip and alveolus with or without cleft palate, unilateral or bilateral ( n = 36, 22 boys and 14 girls, aged 8, 39 ± 1.61 years), Group 2 = children with isolated cleft palate ( n = 36, 8 boys and 28 girls, 8.11 ± 1.88 years); and Group 3 = children without clefts ( n = 36, 18 boys and 18 girls, 8.53 ± 1.33 years). Main Outcome Measures The clinical parameters evaluated were Gingival Index (GI) and Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Index. analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to evaluate intergroup differences. Correlations between the variables age, PHP Index and GI were assessed by the Spearman correlation ( P < .05). Results The results demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the three groups for the PHP index ( P = .126). There was also no intergroup difference for GI ( P = .418). Conclusions No difference for the gingival status was observed between children with cleft lip and palate and with isolated cleft palate. Children with oral clefts present adequate gingival status compared to noncleft children.
Design, Development, and Evaluation of a 3D-Printed Buccal Myomucosal Flap Simulator
Authors: Cin Mitchell D. , Nourmohammadi Zahra , Hamdan Usama , Zopf David A. 
Published: January 2025

Objective Buccal myomucosal flap procedures have become a critical tool in the armamentarium of the cleft surgeon. Mastering this technique is complex and providing sufficient training opportunities presents significant challenges. Our study details the design, development, and evaluation of a low-cost, high-fidelity buccal myomucosal flap surgical simulator. Our goal is to establish a reliable teaching tool for early learners, validated through craniofacial surgeon assessment. Design The simulator comprises of an anatomical model and a stand created using computer-aided design software. Hard tissues were 3D-printed, while soft tissues were cast in silicone. The model underwent review by craniofacial surgeons utilizing a 1 to 5 Likert scale across six evaluation domains. Setting In-person simulated dissection session. Patients/Participants Sixteen craniofacial surgery providers from various subspecialties. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measure Anonymized survey responses. Results The simulator received fair to high scores across all evaluation domains, notably 4.31 as a training tool, 3.77 as a competency evaluation tool, 3.92 as a rehearsal tool, and 3.93 in relevance to practice. Conclusions The validated buccal myomucosal flap simulator theoretically enables the acquisition of surgical skills in a zero-risk simulated environment. Plans involve integration into a structured curriculum with diverse participants. Continued iteration and adoption hold the promise of significantly enhancing access to training for competency of cleft and craniofacial procedures.
Evaluation of the Effect of Unilateral Cleft Palate on Piriform Aperture Dimensions
Authors: Aytuğar Emre , Kalabalık Fahrettin , Haylaz Emre , Şamil Özkan Muhammed , Akan Burçin 
Published: January 2025

Objective The aim of the present research was to assess and compare the piriform aperture dimensions of subjects with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and those of a control group using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Design CBCT data of 40 subjects with a complete UCLP (28 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 17.21 ± 5.75 years) and 40 CBCT images of age- and sex-matched subjects with no cleft, serving as the control group (28 males, 12 females; mean age, 17.25 ± 5.74 years) were included in the study. The maximal height and width of the piriform aperture as well as nasal bone height were measured and statistically compared between the groups. Results There were no significant differences in the age and sex distributions between the groups. The mean piriform aperture height was significantly lower in the UCLP group than in the control group, while the mean piriform aperture width was significantly higher in the UCLP group compared to the control group ( P < .01). Furthermore, the mean bony nasal height was found to be significantly lower in the UCLP group than in the control group ( P < .01). Conclusions According to the present findings, UCLP is associated with changes in the piriform aperture dimensions due to lower height and higher width values. These structural alterations may contribute to the functional and aesthetic nasal challenges in patients with UCLP.
Doxycycline Versus Vancomycin for the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus-Associated Acute Pulmonary Exacerbations in People With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Brickel Kendall H. , Kelley Denise , Jaso Theresa , Tran Hai Quyen , Fullmer Jason , Beachler Danielle , Wulfe Steven 
Published: January 2025

Background: Among people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-associated acute pulmonary exacerbations (APEs) have been increasing in prevalence and can cause rapid declines in lung function and increased mortality. Fortunately, since 2019, incidence has started to decline. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if doxycycline has comparable efficacy to vancomycin for the treatment of APEs in PwCF. Given the potential toxicities and intolerances associated with vancomycin, evaluating alternative therapies such as doxycycline is warranted. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted in adult and pediatric PwCF who received greater than 48 hours of either vancomycin or doxycycline to treat MRSA-associated APEs between May 1, 2014, and August 31, 2021. The primary outcome was the number of PwCF with a return to ≥90% of baseline forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1). Results: There were 229 PwCF encounters screened, of which 89 met inclusion criteria (n = 26, vancomycin; n = 63, doxycycline). There were no differences between vancomycin and doxycycline for the primary outcome: 18/26 (69.2%) in the vancomycin group vs 51/63 (81.0%) in the doxycycline group ( P = 0.23). Secondary outcomes were similar between groups, including no difference in incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), although a significantly higher incidence of adverse events occurred in the vancomycin arm. Conclusion and Relevance: The findings of this study suggest doxycycline may be a reasonable alternative to vancomycin for MRSA-associated APEs, particularly in PwCF who may not tolerate vancomycin or who require concomitant nephrotoxins such as intravenous (IV) aminoglycosides.
When Social Hierarchy, Power, and Collective Autonomy Motivate Social Movement and Counter-Movement Mobilization Among Disadvantaged and Advantaged Groups
Authors: Rivera-Rodriguez Adrian , Mercado Evelyn , Tropp Linda R. , Dasgupta Nilanjana 
Published: January 2025

What happens when disadvantaged group members try to gain power in an attempt to protect their collective autonomy? The present integrative review outlines dynamic social processes and conditions under which efforts to restrict a group’s collective autonomy motivate social movement mobilization among disadvantaged groups to challenge social hierarchies that limit their power. This, in turn, threatens advantaged groups’ perceptions of their access to power and, by extension, their sense of collective autonomy, motivating them to reaffirm the existing social hierarchy by mobilizing counter-movements. We propose a theoretical model, called the Movement Mobilization Model of Collective Autonomy, to articulate these dynamic processes by integrating sociological, psychological, and organizational science literatures. The model specifies the conditions under which social movements and counter-movements are activated, psychological processes that drive action, how they play off each other, and offer directions for future research. Public Abstract What happens when disadvantaged groups feel that their freedom to define and practice their collective identity (i.e., collective autonomy) is restricted? The present theoretical review outlines the conditions under which social inequality activates the feelings of collective autonomy restriction among disadvantaged group members and motivates the mobilization of social movements seeking social equality. As these social movements gain traction, advantaged group members may feel that their privileged position and collective autonomy are threatened. These feelings of threat and collective autonomy restriction among advantaged groups in turn motivate them to mobilize counter-movements that seek to protect social hierarchy and their privileged position within it. The process outlined in this case is relevant to individuals from both marginalized and privileged backgrounds, as it illustrates the different ways in which real-world power structures shape the way they experience and navigate social movements and counter-movements as they unfold in real time.
Polarization-insensitive, negative indexed inverted U-shaped flexible metamaterial absorber based on microstructure resonator for multi-band energy harvesting
Authors: Sakib Shihabun , Hoque Ahasanul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Islam Md. Shabiul , Soliman Mohamed S. , Alsaif Haitham 
Published: January 2025

This article presents a polarization-insensitive, negative indexed inverted U-shaped flexible metamaterial absorber based on a microstructure resonator for multi-band energy harvester application. The vertical inverted U-shaped joint and central split ring resonator together create significant resonance covering three consecutive L-, S-, and C-band absorption peaks for four resonance frequencies: 1.975 GHz with 99.99% absorption, 2.85 GHz with 99.28% absorption, 5.265 GHz with 96.79% absorption, and 5.5 GHz with 89.12% absorption. The design has a rare double negative metamaterial feature at 5.265 GHz, while a balanced geometrical appearance that is polarization insensitive for θ and φ improved the structure’s durability and tunability. Finite computer simulation technology was used to simulate and examine the mechanisms involved in absorption at 1— 6 GHz. Based on Rogers RO4350 B and copper, the structural design showed excellent absorption for 15° and 30° bends and 2 × 4, 4 × 8 arrays with an efficiency of 96.38% at an incidence angle of 30° in transverse magnetic mode, a 3x 3 array was developed for energy harvesting. For energy harvesting applications using array structure, the efficiency parameter is unnoted in most of the reported articles. Moreover, the array demonstrated polarization insensitivity for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes at angles of 0°, 30°, and 60°. The proposed quad-band absorber shows significant potential for energy harvesting applications.
A Review on Biohazards Removal in Ethiopia: Efficacy of Existing Treatment Systems and Challenges
Authors: Yenew Chalachew , Yenesew Muluken Azage , Ambelu Argaw , Bayeh Gashaw Melkie , Yeshiwas Almaw Genet 
Published: January 2025

Background: Wastewater treatment is crucial to protecting public health and the environment by removing Biohazards. In Ethiopia, however, significant research gaps limit progress, especially regarding the efficiency of Biohazard removal in existing treatment facilities. This review evaluates the effectiveness of current treatment methods for Biohazard removal, highlights key challenges, and offers recommendations. Methods: This scoping review followed PRISMA guidelines, systematically searching databases like NLM. Science Direct, HINARI and Scopus for Biohazard removal studies in Ethiopia, with independent reviewers screening and analyzing relevant data to identify key challenges. Results: Out of 1218 studies initially recorded by title and abstract, only 11 articles were selected for analysis. The Activated Sludge Process emerged as a highly effective system, achieving 85% to 95% removal of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and total coliforms. Other methods, such as the Conventional Activated Sludge, and Anaerobic-Aerobic Reactors, demonstrated promising results but were found only in select locations. However, the widely adopted Oxidation Ponds, Ethiopia’s most common wastewater treatment system, showed the lowest AMR removal efficiency, at just 30% to 50%. Significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, high operational costs, and weak regulatory enforcement. Conclusions and recommendations: The review underscores the need for affordable wastewater treatment in Ethiopia, highlighting challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and high costs. To enhance effectiveness and reduce public health risks from Biohazards like AMR, recommendations include adopting cost-effective treatment technologies, strengthening regulatory frameworks, increasing public awareness, promoting corporate responsibility, and investing in infrastructure for sustainable wastewater management.
Correlation Between Relative Value Units and Operative Time for Peripheral Nerve Surgeries
Authors: Desai Anshumi , Wang Yujie , Chen Cheng-Bang , Akcin Mehmet , Xu Kyle Y. , Tadisina Kashyap Komarraju 
Published: January 2025

Background: The work relative value unit (wRVU) system quantifies surgeons’ effort and resources for procedures. Studies have shown its inaccuracy in capturing the complexity of certain plastic and upper extremity surgeries. Analysis for peripheral nerve surgery (PNS), a growing niche within hand and plastic surgery, has not been performed. The authors aim to evaluate the PNS wRVUs by correlation to their operative time. Methods: A retrospective analysis with current procedure terminology (CPT) codes for PNS (2005-2021) from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was performed. Efficiency was determined by wRVU per operative time. Correlation was performed between operative time with wRVU and wRVU/minute. Results: A total of 2402 procedures across 21 CPT Codes were included and categorized into neuroplasty, nerve repair, and nerve grafting/transfers with the median operative time being 63.75, 100, and 153.78 minutes respectively. Nerve graft/transfer generated the maximum wRVU (mean 16.35). Neuroplasty generated the minimum wRVU (mean 7.24). Nerve grafts/transfers generated the least wRVUs per minute (0.09). Longer operative times were associated with higher wRVUs. Neuroplasty ( R = .86) and nerve repairs ( R = .84) had a strong correlation to the operative time. Nerve grafts/transfer had a positive but moderate correlation with the operative time ( R = .67). All procedures had a negative correlation between operative time and wRVU/minute. Conclusions: Nerve grafts/transfers had reduced compensation compared to neuroplasty or nerve repairs. Compensation did not reflect the procedure efficiency. This disparity in wRVU allocation for complex PNS underscores the need for remuneration reform.
Surgical outcomes of radial polydactyly according to a modified Wassel–Flatt classification: A retrospective study of 211 patients with 223 thumbs
Authors: Lee Wonsun , Shin Young Ho , Kim Jae Kwang 
Published: January 2025

We previously introduced the modified Wassel–Flatt classification to overcome the limitation of the traditional classification for radial polydactyly. This study aimed to evaluate this modified classification in terms of surgical planning and clinical outcomes using the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand scoring system. A retrospective review of 211 patients with 223 thumbs treated for radial polydactyly between October 2017 and November 2022 was conducted. Patients were classified using the modified Wassel–Flatt classification, which further differentiated between hypoplastic proximal (HP) and hypoplastic distal (HD) types. The results indicated that simple excision was feasible only for the HP type, while the HD type and non-hypoplastic types required more complex procedures. In addition, hypoplastic types generally had better outcomes, with the HP type achieving better appearance scores than the HD type. Comparisons among non-hypoplastic types revealed no significant differences. The modified Wassel–Flatt classification appears to enhance surgical planning and predict clinical outcomes effectively. Level of evidence: IV
Effectiveness of adjuvant leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma in carpal tunnel release: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mekariya Korawish , Monteerarat Yuwarat , Chotiyarnwong Chayaporn , Limthongthang Roongsak , Vathana Torpon , Laohaprasitiporn Panai 
Published: January 2025

This study assessed the effectiveness of adding leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (PRP) during carpal tunnel release surgery for patients with moderate to severe carpal tunnel syndrome. In a randomized controlled trial, 70 patients were assigned to either standard carpal tunnel release (control group) or release with leukocyte-poor PRP applied to the median nerve (PRP group). Primary outcomes were measured using the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire at 3 months, and secondary outcomes included pain, strength, sensation and electrodiagnostic examinations at multiple time points. Both groups showed similar improvements in pain, function, grip and pinch strength and electrophysiological recordings. However, the PRP group had better resolution of numbness at 3 months. These findings suggest that local PRP augmentation does not provide significant additional benefits beyond those of carpal tunnel release alone, apart from some improvement in patients’ perception of numbness. Level of evidence: II
Polyphenolic Profiling and Wound Healing Potential of Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin: Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel Topical Formula
Authors: Chaima Benine , Boutlelis Djahra Ali , Touhami Laiche Ammar , Amara Djilani Ghemam , Atoki Ayomide Victor , Zahnit Wafa , Messaoudi Mohammed 
Published: January 2025

Objective Hammada Scoparia (Pomel) as an endemic plant from the Amaranthaceae family, holds a significant position in the Saharan region of southern Algeria's traditional medicine. The aerial parts of Hammada scoparia was used to cure inflammation and wound healing management. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical constituents of the aqueous extract obtained from the aerial parts of Hammada scoparia (AEHs)and assess its effectiveness in wound healing. Methods Formulation of Wound healing cream were prepared from Hammada scoparia aerial parts aqueous extract then the wounds were applied on the skin of the dorsal region of each Wistar albino for 13 days. Hematological, inflammation and histological parameters were evaluated. Different bioactive compounds were identified within AEHs using HPLC analysis. Results High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified 21 phenolic compounds, with rutin being the most abundant, followed by naringenin, gallic Acid, valinin, and hydroxy-comarin. The formulated AEHs cream exhibited superior wound healing properties, with a 96.54% healing rate by day 13, outperforming the DOUCE PLUS cream and control groups. Physical analyses indicated the cream's white color, neutral odor, humid texture, pH of 6.8, and excellent stability. Hematological parameters revealed the AEHs cream influenced red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelet (PLT) levels positively. Inflammation markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and sedimentation rate (ESR), were also favorably modulated by the treatment. Histological studies indicated that H. scoparia cream promoted re-epithelialization, fibroblast activity, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, thus facilitating an effective healing process. Conclusion The study concludes that Hammada scoparia possess significant wound healing properties, corroborating their traditional medicinal use.