bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Stochastic Optimization Approach to Energy-Efficient Underground Timetabling Under Uncertain Dwell and Running Times
Authors: Gemander Patrick , Bärmann Andreas , Martin Alexander 
Published: September 2023

We consider a problem from the context of energy-efficient underground railway timetabling, in which an existing timetable draft is improved by slightly changing departure and running times. In practice, synchronization between accelerating and braking trains to utilize regenerative braking plays a major role for the energy efficiency of a timetable. Because deviations from a planned timetable may lead to unnecessarily high energy consumption during actual operation, we include operational uncertainties in our model to create a timetable that remains energy efficient, even if deviations from the nominal timetable occur. To solve the problem, we use a scenario expansion model in conjunction with a Benders decomposition approach. As an alternative to solving the Benders subproblems, we present a heuristic sparse cut that can be computed efficiently. The resulting sparse-cut heuristic produces high-quality solutions on a set of real-world instances stemming from the Nürnberg underground system, outperforming the integrated mixed-integer programming approach as well as the basic Benders approach. Additionally, we evaluate two static recovery strategies—shortening dwell times as well as shortening dwell and running times—to determine the cost and benefit of handling delays using a simple static rule. In our experiments, we are able to reduce the energy consumption by up to 9.4% and confirm that delay recovery via shortening dwell times is an energy-efficient and effective way to increase punctuality at low cost in terms of energy. Funding: This research was supported by the Bavarian Ministry of Economic Affairs, Regional Development and Energy through the Center for Analytics – Data – Applications (ADA-Center) within the framework of “BAYERN DIGITAL II” (20-3410-2-9-8).
Development and validation of an open-source tool for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis from hip CT images
Authors: Uemura Keisuke , Otake Yoshito , Takashima Kazuma , Hamada Hidetoshi , Imagama Takashi , Takao Masaki , Sakai Takashi , Sato Yoshinobu , Okada Seiji , Sugano Nobuhiko 
Published: September 2023

AimsThis study aimed to develop and validate a fully automated system that quantifies proximal femoral bone mineral density (BMD) from CT images.MethodsThe study analyzed 978 pairs of hip CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of the proximal femur (DXA-BMD) collected from three institutions. From the CT images, the femur and a calibration phantom were automatically segmented using previously trained deep-learning models. The Hounsfield units of each voxel were converted into density (mg/cm3). Then, a deep-learning model trained by manual landmark selection of 315 cases was developed to select the landmarks at the proximal femur to rotate the CT volume to the neutral position. Finally, the CT volume of the femur was projected onto the coronal plane, and the areal BMD of the proximal femur (CT-aBMD) was quantified. CT-aBMD correlated to DXA-BMD, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis quantified the accuracy in diagnosing osteoporosis.ResultsCT-aBMD was successfully measured in 976/978 hips (99.8%). A significant correlation was found between CT-aBMD and DXA-BMD (r = 0.941; p < 0.001). In the ROC analysis, the area under the curve to diagnose osteoporosis was 0.976. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 88.9% and 96%, respectively, with the cutoff set at 0.625 g/cm2.ConclusionAccurate DXA-BMD measurements and diagnosis of osteoporosis were performed from CT images using the system developed herein. As the models are open-source, clinicians can use the proposed system to screen osteoporosis and determine the surgical strategy for hip surgery.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(9):590–597.
Round scad quality on mini purse seine boats, Rembang Regency, Central of Java
Authors: Rejeki Sri Untari Puji , Darmanto Y.S. , Dewi Eko Nurcahya , AGS Dwi Apriliani 
Published: September 2023

Mini purse seine boats in Rembang are divided into two sizes. The first one, namely mini purse seines measuring 10 - 20 Goss Tonnage (GT) (short trips) with a fishing operation duration of 3 - 7 days. The second one is mini purse seines measuring 21 - 30 GT (long trips) with a fishing operation duration of 7 - 10 days. The dominant catch on this boats is round scad, which used a cooling mechanism with ice blocks and bulking systems. This research evaluates the quality of round scad caught by mini purse seine boats (based on Indonesian National Standard/SNI 2729: 2013) and the quality of ice used in handling the fish (based on SNI 4872: 2015). The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Fish samples were carried out in the first and last hold on the short trips and long trips boats, where each handle of the fish was sampled in the upper, middle, and lower layers. Data analysis for sensory evaluation were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis statistics, while the TPC value of round scad was tested by ANOVA test. The laboratory test results obtained the sensory assessment of round scad. The value of the TPC round scad and the E. coli ice blocks are still within the limits of the Indonesian national standards, but the TPC scale of the ice block exceeds the standard limit of SNI. The Kruskal Wallis statistics results showed tha the difference in fish hold, the difference in the trip, and differences in fish hold layers had a significant effect on the sensory of scad. ANOVA test showed that differences in the fish hold and trip differences had a significant impact on the TPC of scad. In contrast, the difference in fish hold layers gave a non-significant effect on the TPC of round scad.Keywords:Quality organolepticTPcRound scadMini purse seineRembang
The assessment of status of Sibam River and Air Hitam River Pekanbaru city Riau Province using pollution index
Authors: Yuliati Yuliati , Sumiarsih Eni , Efawani Efawani , Mulyani Isma , Fajri Nur El 
Published: September 2023

The quality of the Siak River is gradually deteriorating with the rapid socio-economic development in its tributary watersheds. S. Sibam and Air Hitam are part of the Siak tributaries in the Siak tributary sub-region in Pekanbaru City. The quality of the Sibam and Air Hitam tributaries in the Siak Watershed of Pekanbaru City has been studied to determine the relative pollution level of water quality standards. Water quality measurements were carried out from January to August 2022 at the upstream, middle, and confluence with the Siak River. The pollution level of the Sibam River and Air Hitam River was measured using the pollution index method. The quality of the Sibam River and Air Hitam waters is compared to the quality standards according to The Regulation of Government of the Republic of Indonesia (RGRI) Number 22/2021 Class III. The water quality parameter measured consisted of dissolved oxygen, TSS, pH, BOD, COD, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and total phosphate. Pollution index calculations for the Sibam and Air Hitam rivers show light pollution, with index values ranging from 1.75 to 3.57. Nitrite and ammonia concentrations in the Sibam River do not meet quality standards. Whereas in the Air Hitam River, the BOD, nitrite, and ammonia level exceeds the quality standards (RGRI Number 22/2021 Class III). The highest pollution index is in the middle of the river, with settlements on both rivers.Keywords:Pollution IndexWater QualitySibam RiverAir Hitam River
Study of content and bioconcentration of heavy metal (Pb,Hg, and Cd) in green mussels (Perna viridis) based on different sizes and ages
Authors: Krismonita Bella , Yudha Indra Gumay , Sarida Munti , Hasani Qadar , Widiastuti Endang Linirin 
Published: September 2023

Green mussel (Perna viridis) has filter-feeding habits and a sessile way of life, with the main food components of plankton and organic matter in the waters. These food components can contaminate green mussels when it accumulates heavy metals. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate heavy metals content and the bioconcentration of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) in green mussels based on different sizes and ages. The study was conducted on Pasaran Island, Lampung, Indonesia, and used green mussels aged 3, 5, 7 to 9 months as samples, with 2 replications. The AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method was used in the analysis of Pb, Hg, and Cd, sampling technique used purposive sampling. The result showed that green mussels at different ages and sizes has impact on Pb content, while an increase of one unit of age and size of green mussels has no effect on the metal content of Hg and Cd. Furthermore, the highest bioconcentration of Pb and Hg was obtained at 9 months, while Cd was observed at 3 months. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the simple linear regression appropriate a functional relationship between Pb and the different ages and sizes green mussels cultivated on Pasaran Island , while heavy metals Hg and Cd appropriate with a polynomial quadratic approach and almost do not exist in the form of a functional relationship between Hg and Cd with the different ages and sizes green mussels. Even though it contains heavy metals in below the maximum limit, but care needs to be taken in addressing this phenomenon due to its nature heavy metals that can accumulate in living tissue, thus consuming green mussels containing heavy metals even in relatively small amounts is not recommended.Keywords:Filter feederSessileAccumulateOrganic matterContaminate
Study of the effect of processing techniques on the quality of galantine made from milkfish (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Panjaitan Pola Sabar Tumohom , Mukhaimin Iman , Ratnaningtyas Susi , Soeprijadi Liliek , Wulansari Devi 
Published: September 2023

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is one of the commonly consumed fishery commodities in Indonesia. However, diversification of processed products from milkfish, such as pindang (fish brine) and soft bone milkfish, is considered too simple. Whereas, milkfish has a high nutritional content. An innovation to attract more people to consume this highly nutritious commodity is to process it into fish galantine. Milkfish galantine is processed with the basic ingredients of milkfish, bread flour, and eggs that are seasoned then molded and processed at high temperatures. The process of making milkfish galantine includes preparing milkfish as raw materials, scaling and gutting the fish, mincing the milkfish meat, mixing it with other ingredients, molding, and processing. Fish galantine is generally made through high-temperature processing, such as roasting and steaming. Different high-temperature processing techniques can affect the quality of fish galantine. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the effect of milkfish composition and different high-temperature processing techniques: roasting and steaming. The different milkfish galantine formulations in this research were made by giving different proportions of minced milkfish meat as treatments: 5%, 10%, and 15%. After that, galantines were processed by steaming. Furthermore, the formulation with the highest hedonic scale score was duplicated by processing using the roasting technique. The results of the four treatments were then tested for proximate composition, vitamins, and minerals. The results of the hedonic evaluation of milkfish galantines processed by steaming showed that milkfish galantine with 15% fish meat proportion had the highest score. The test results showed that the addition of milkfish meat caused significant differences in water, ash, total fat, carbohydrate, protein, and potassium contents. In addition, the processing technique also caused significant differences in all parameters tested.Keywords:MilkfishFish galantineSteamingRoasting
Cyclic transmission window-based bandwidth allocation scheme for asynchronous time-sensitive industrial applications in TDM-PON
Authors: Su Chen , Zhang Jiawei , Ji Yuefeng 
Published: September 2023

The industrial Internet has become an important application scenario for time-division multiplexing passive optical networks (TDM-PONs). Time-sensitive (TS) industrial applications, such as control-to-control communications, require a TDM-PON to have deterministic transmission capability. Traditional bandwidth allocation schemes are unable to fulfill this capability; thus we proposed a time-aware deterministic bandwidth allocation (TA-DetBA) scheme to guarantee deterministic delay and jitter in our previous work. TA-DetBA allocates appropriate transmission windows (TWs) to each TS industrial flow in a supercycle based on the flow’s arrival time, cycle, delay, and jitter requirements. However, “awaring” the arrival time of flow relies on precise time synchronization between the TDM-PON and industrial devices, which makes TA-DetBA unsuitable for those TS industrial applications that are asynchronous to the TDM-PON. In addition, the diversity of flow cycles may make the size of the supercycle and the number of allocated TWs large, thus increasing the complexity of the TW scheduling algorithm. To this end, we propose a cyclic TW-based deterministic bandwidth allocation (CTW-DetBA) scheme for asynchronous industrial applications. First, we design cyclic TWs with appropriate cycle and size for TS industrial flows, which not only improves the schedulability of TWs (i.e., the ratio of the number of successfully scheduled TWs to the total number of TWs) but also reduces the complexity of the algorithm. Then, we construct a TW scheduling model based on the satisfiability model theory to schedule the TWs in the PON upstream frame. Simulation results show that the CTW-DetBA guarantees the deterministic transmission of TS industrial flows that are asynchronous to the TDM-PON system. Compared with the fixed bandwidth allocation scheme, the average schedulability of the CTW-DetBA can be increased by up to 62.03%, and the average resource utilization efficiency can be increased by up to 20.4%.
Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from Pha Tong cave, Northern Thailand with a description of two new species and taxonomical thoughts about Phlebotomus stantoni
Authors: Renaux Torres Marie-Charlotte , Pellot Coline , Somwang Puckavadee , Khositharattanakool Pathamet , Vongphayloth Khamsing , Randrianambinintsoa Fano José , Mathieu Bruno , Siriyasatien Padet , Gay Frédérick , Depaquit Jérôme 
Published: September 2023

Background
In South-East Asia, Thailand is the country with the highest number of human autochthonous cases of leishmaniases mostly due to Leishmania martiniquensis. Their transmission remains unresolved to date even though sand flies are known vectors of leishmaniases. As such, we focused a study on the sand fly fauna of a cave in Thailand to explore the biodiversity of potential Leishmania vectors.

Main results
We carried out an inventory in Pha Tong cave. We caught and identified 570 Phlebotomine sand flies (452 females and 118 males) and identified 14 species belonging to the genera Phlebotomus, Idiophlebotomus, Chinius, Sergentomyia and Grassomyia. Among these 14 species, two could not be related to known sand fly species. Herein, we propose the description of two new sand fly species, previously unknown to science.
The first new species, Phlebotomus shadenae n. sp. is a sand fly of the subgenus Anaphlebotomus. It is morphologically close to Ph. stantoni, a species widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia. However, it differs by the length of the genital filaments in males or by the length of the ducts of the spermathecae in females as well as the high divergence of cytochrome b sequences. Additionally, we revised the systematics of the subgenus Anaphlebotomus and reinstated, by examination of its holotype, the validity of Ph. maynei, an Indian wrongly considered as a synonym of Ph. stantoni in the past.
The second new species, Sergentomyia maiae n. sp., differs from a species in the same group, Se. barraudi, by an original cibarial double row of vertical teeth as well as by molecular data.

Conclusions
We propose the description of two new sand fly species for Science with morphological and molecular evidence. Ph. shadenae n. sp. was also found to be distributed in the south of Thailand and in Laos. Future studies need to determine whether these two species can play a role as vectors of Leishmania parasites, Trypanosomatids or Phlebovirus. Most of the species caught in the present study are strictly cavernicolous except Grassomyia sp. and a few Sergentomyia.
Model Order Reduction with Dynamically Transformed Modes for Electrophysiological Simulations
Authors: Hornischer Niklas 
Published: September 2023

The numerical simulation of neuromuscular processes in skeletal muscles typically imposes high computational costs, resulting in the need for techniques to reduce these costs. One submodel in these types of multiphysics multiscale simulations is the electrophysiological model, describing the propagation of an action potential (AP) in a muscle fiber. Involved in the simulation of the propagation are two traveling waves, resulting in difficulties for classical model order reduction (MOR) techniques based on linear subspaces.
Instead, we apply the nonlinear MOR method shifted Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (sPOD) to construct dynamically transformed reduced basis functions depending on time-dependent paths spanning the adaptive reduced ansatz space.
Our numerical experiments demonstrate that the constructed reduced ansatz space can accurately capture the dynamics of two fully separated wavefronts and reduce the degrees of freedom of the whole simulation. However, it cannot represent the activation of the AP in the center of the fiber and overlapping wave parts. The constructed reduced order model outperforms the high-dimensional full order model in terms of the computational costs while the accuracy is maintained and reaches speedup factors between 2 and 73 depending on the time discretization.
Norwidowskie interpretacje chrześcijańskiego Seneki
Authors: Karamucka-Marcinkiewicz Magdalena 
Published: September 2023

Connections with Christianity are one of the aspects of reflections on the life and work of Seneca the Younger in subsequent centuries. This issue is also revealed in the writings of Cyprian Norwid, a Polish 19th-century writer, artist and thinker. In point of fact, Norwid skipped other aspects related to Seneca. The themes he did touch on are connected with his historiosophical reflections and the problem of the relationship between Roma pagana and Roma Christiana, which was of particular interest to him. In the preserved writings of Norwid, however, references to Seneca are relatively rare, which was actually quite typical in the 19th century, but may also be related to a certain ambiguity in Seneca’s attitude as the tutor of Emperor Nero and a figure who enjoyed a high position in Rome for a long time or Norwid’s conviction that most of Seneca’s thought close to Christianity should simply be explained by the Roman writer’s stoicism. However, this is only a hypothesis. It is also possible that Norwid more often referred to Seneca the Younger than he literally noted it. Norwid referred, among other things, to the issue of alleged relations between Seneca and St. Paul and the apocryphal correspondence between them. He also referred to Seneca’s importance for the Church Fathers. Furthermore, he drew attention to some similarities between Seneca and Socrates in terms of their martyr deaths and to certain thoughts expressed by Seneca, in which one can perceive the idea of one God. Some of Norwid’s references to Seneca analysed here were inspired by such works devoted to Seneca’s Christianity as the article by Gaston Boissier, which was published in 1871 in the “Revue des Deux Mondes”. It is not exactly clear how well Norwid knew the work of Seneca, and to what extent he relied on the aforementioned studies. Undoubtedly, however, the references to Seneca, which he included in his writings, were carefully selected and were related to Norwid’s vision of history and his deliberations on the essence of truth, and thus they were not only a testimony of Norwid’s reading, but also of Norwid’s personal reflections.
Sound stimulation using the individual's heart rate to improve the stability and homeostasis of the autonomic nervous system
Authors: Kim Daechang , Kim Nahyeon , Lee Younju , Kim Sungmin , Kwon Jiyean 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we explain the role of enhancing the stability and homeostasis of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by proposing the average heart rate sound resonance (aHRSR), a sound stimulation to prevent imbalance of ANS due to dynamic movement. The effect of aHRSR on ANS was analyzed through the time and frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV) using the photoplethysmogram data (PPG) of 22 participants (DUIRB‐202109‐12).MethodWhen the subjects performed dynamic movements that could cause changes in the ANS, HRV indicators using PPG data for 5 min before and after the movements were analyzed according to the presence or absence of aHRSR. The standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean squared differences of the NN intervals (RMSSD), low‐frequency band (LF), and high‐frequency band (HF), which represent sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity, were used as indicators, where SNDD and LF represent total ANS and sympathetic activity, while RMSSD and HF represent parasympathetic activity.ResultsAs the effects of aHRSR on dynamic movement, the recovery time of RR interval was advanced by about 15 s, SDNN increased from ([44.16 ± 13.11] to [47.85 ± 15.16]) ms, and RMSSD increased from ([23.73 ± 9.95] to [31.89 ± 12.48]) ms (p < 0.05), increasing the stability of the ANS and reducing instability. The effect of homeostasis of the ANS according to aHRSR is also shown in reducing the change rate of LF from (−13.83 to −8.83) %, and the rate of change of HF from (10.59 to 3.27) %.ConclusionsThese results suggest that aHRSR can affect the cardiovascular system by assisting physiological movements that occur during dynamic movement.
The co-expression pattern of VEGFR-2 with indicators related to proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of anagen hair follicles
Authors: Dai Ru , Xu Qunye , Shao Zheren , Wu Xianjie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An increasing number of studies show that vascular endothelial growth factor is an important regulator of hair growth, and involves in processes of hair follicle development by vascularization. Recently, VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) has been detected in epithelial cells of hair follicles, indicating that it may have a direct role in the biological activity of hair follicles. To explore how VEGFR-2 regulates hair follicle development, we investigated the co-expression pattern of VEGFR-2 with β-catenin, Bax, Bcl-2, involucrin, AE13 (hair cortex cytokeratin), keratin 16, keratin 14, and Laminin 5 by immunofluorescence double staining in anagen hair follicles of normal human scalp skin. The results of double staining immunofluorescence showed a strong overlapping and similar expression pattern for VEGFR-2 with β-catenin and Bcl-2, and revealing associated expression pattern with involucrin, AE13, keratin 14, keratin 16, and Laminin 5. These results elucidated that VEGFR-2 activation may participate in hair follicle differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in vivo.