bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing study recruitment through implementation of an opt-out, cold contact process with consideration for autonomy, beneficence and justice
Authors: Pittman Tara , Bell Leslie , Jones Stedman , Brown Kimberly , Kirchoff Katie , Flume Patrick 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The potential utilization of a cold-contact approach to research recruitment, where members of the research team are unknown to the patient, has grown with the expanded use of electronic health records (EHRs) and affiliated patient portals. Institutions that permit this strategy vary in their implementation and management of it but tend to lean towards more conservative approaches. This process paper describes the Medical University of South Carolina’s transition to an opt-out model of “cold-contact” recruitment (known as patient outreach recruitment or POR), wherein patients can be contacted so long as they do not express an unwillingness to receive such communication. The work highlights the benefits of this model by explaining how it, in many ways, supports and protects autonomy, beneficence, and justice for patients. The paper then describes the process of standing up the recruitment strategy, communicating the change to patients and the community, and documenting study team contact and patient research preference. Data supporting increased access to potentially eligible patients of greater diversity as well as initial researcher feedback on perceived success of POR is also shared. The paper ends with a discussion of next steps to enhance the POR process via more detailed data collection and reengagement with community stakeholders.
Contesting the heavens: US antipreneurship and the regulation of space weapons
Authors: Bower Adam , Lantis Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 1967 Outer Space Treaty reserved outer space for ‘peaceful purposes’, yet recent decades have witnessed growing competition and calls for new multilateral rules including a proposed ban on the deployment of weapons in space. These diplomatic initiatives have stalled in the face of concerted opposition from the United States. To explain this outcome, we characterise US diplomacy as a form of ‘antipreneurship’, a type of strategic norm-focused competition designed to preserve the prevailing normative status quo in the face of entrepreneurial efforts. We substantially refine and extend existing accounts of antipreneurship by theorising three dominant forms of antipreneurial agency – rhetorical, procedural, and behavioural – and describing the mechanisms and scope conditions though which they operate. We then trace the development of US resistance to proposed restraints on space weapons from 2000–present. Drawing on hundreds of official documents, we show how successive US administrations have employed a range of interlayered diplomatic strategies and tactics to preserve the permissive international legal framework governing outer space and protect US national security priorities. Our study illustrates the specific techniques and impacts of resistance in a domain of growing strategic importance, with implications for further refining understandings of norm competition in other issue areas.
Fighting the Invasion from the Suez Canal: Coastal Environmentalism and Locating the Lionfish in Lebanon
Authors: Lähteenaho Samuli 
Published: February 2023

Around the year 2015, new tidings began to be heard across the Lebanese coastline as local marine biologists—receiving reports from divers and fishermen—became aware of a new phenomenon in the coastal waters. Pterois miles, the lionfish, samakat al-asad, a species not usually found in the waters, were being encountered in rapidly increasing numbers. Over the following years, as other Mediterranean countries started reporting similar occurrences, a sense of alert slowly built. Dina, one of my interlocutors and a shining young marine ecologist, had been at work setting up a new NGO to conduct marine pedagogy and environmental awareness campaigns. As the invasion proceeded apace, she and her group reacted to the invading fish swarming the Lebanese coastal waters, putting together a counter-campaign. Meetings were called, ideas pitched, and plans convened. The invasion had to be confronted, just as Elias, another interlocutor from Dina's group, a hobbyist diver in his late 20s and active participant in civil society campaigns, told me during an interview in late 2018:
Now the hot topic is invasive species, like the lionfish, and the pufferfish. We have seen lionfish for maybe three years, but now people are starting to talk about it. They are in huge numbers, huge numbers, right. I remember the first couple of dives I did, used to dive with a friend of mine. She had a different diving certificate; I had an 18-meter-depth limit while she had 40-meter limit. She used to tell me how beautiful the lionfish she encountered below was. They spent minutes watching how beautiful the creature is. Now, we see them every dive. If there is no lionfish around, there is like something wrong. Yesterday, during the weekend, we dived next to one spot, next to the Casino du Liban. It was the first time I saw a lionfish and it was a huge fish. They reproduce in huge amounts, huge amounts.
Everyday Politics of Mobility: Translocal Livelihoods and Illegalisation in the Global South
Authors: Winters Nanneke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article contributes to migration and livelihood scholarship by reflecting on global and political dimensions of livelihoods and experiences of illegalisation in Central America. Based on multi-sited ethnographic research with Nicaraguan families and their migrant family members in Costa Rica, the article adopts a translocal livelihood perspective and uses the notion of everyday politics to explore migrants’ mobility practices and nuance the role and reach of illegalisation in relatively accessible South–South migration. In conclusion, the article reinvigorates the notion of ‘everyday politics of mobility’ to incorporate the multi-sitedness, multi-dimensionality and multi-directionality of translocalising livelihoods, offering a lens for future comparison of illegalisation within and beyond the so-called Global South.
Flagstone empire: Materiality and technical expertise in Japanese road construction in northeast China (1905–1945)
Authors: Dong Yuting 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates Japanese imperialism in northeast China through its road construction infrastructure projects within its railway auxiliary zone (1906–1932) and Manchuria at large (1932–1945). The materiality of roads unveils a history of how Japanese engineers adapted to local practices and absorbed local knowledge in building physical infrastructure and developing their technical expertise. These engineers engaged with local practices rooted in pre-existing social and natural environments to facilitate road construction. At the same time, in Manchuria their technical expertise in construction was built on the absorption and subsequent erasure of local workers’ vernacular craft. Rather than the physical realization of an imperialist, top-down vision of modernization, imperial infrastructure projects were in fact hybrid productions of technical expertise, and local vernacular knowledge and skills. By constructing roads, engineers helped to expand Japan’s political and economic influence in northeast China, assert domination over Chinese residential areas and business interests, and coerce Chinese subjects into complying with policies and rules issued by Japanese administrations. The materials of roads—gravel, granite flagstone, and concrete—illustrate a complex relationship between Japanese imperial agents and local environments.
Effective UAV patrolling for swarm of intruders with heterogeneous behavior
Authors: Moltajaei Farid Ali , Mei Kuan Lim , Kamal Md Abdus Samad , Wong KokSheik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe phenomenal growth in the utilization of commercial unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones leads to an urgent need for new approaches to ensure safety in the sky. Effective aerial surveillance requires patrolling swarms to react according to the various behaviors demonstrated by intruding swarms, but existing approaches are not practical when dealing with a large number of drones. Specifically, predicting the behaviors or planned paths of the intruding swarms is highly challenging as intruders may perform evasive strategies to avoid detection. Therefore, this work utilizes heuristic search strategies and investigates how various intruder behaviors affect the search performance. To investigate the search performance, a swarm versus swarm simulator is developed. Using the simulator, first, a comparative study is performed to evaluate how intruders’ behaviors can affect the performance of the patrolling swarm. Subsequently, three approaches, including single-objective optimization, multi-objective optimization, and Lévy flight, are compared in terms of their detection performance in a bounded space. The results suggest that multi-objective optimization outperforms both single-objective optimization and Lévy flight-based approaches. Furthermore, our results show that intruders have a lower chance of being tracked when moving in a dense crowd, and this finding reaffirms the schooling behaviors of fish. In a specific simulation scenario, the total percentage of detection is above 90%. However, the detection percentage is highly related to other factors such as search space, number of patrolling UAVs, and the intruders’ behaviors.
Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 1 and genital herpes in Australia and New Zealand: systematic review, meta-analyses and meta-regressions
Authors: AlMukdad Sawsan , Harfouche Manale , Farooqui Uzma S. , Aldos Lana , Abu-Raddad Laith J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is a lifelong infection that is acquired primarily orally and during childhood. We aimed to characterise HSV-1 epidemiology in Australia and New Zealand. HSV-1-related data as recent as 6 December 2021 were systematically reviewed, synthesised and reported, following PRISMA guidelines. Pooled mean seroprevalence and proportions of HSV-1 detection in genital ulcer disease (GUD) and in genital herpes were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses. Meta-regressions were also conducted. HSV-1 measures were retrieved from 21 eligible publications. Extracted HSV-1 measures included 13 overall seroprevalence measures (27 stratified) in Australia, four overall proportions of HSV-1 detection in clinically diagnosed GUD (four stratified) in Australia, and ten overall proportions of HSV-1 detection in laboratory-confirmed genital herpes (26 stratified) in Australia and New Zealand. Pooled mean seroprevalence among healthy adults in Australia was 84.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 74.3–93.1%). Pooled mean seroprevalence was 70.2% (95% CI 47.4–88.7%) among individuals <35 years of age and 86.9% (95% CI 79.3–93.0%) among individuals ≥35 years. Seroprevalence increased by 1.05-fold (95% CI 1.01–1.10) per year. Pooled mean proportion of HSV-1 detection in GUD was 8.2% (95% CI 0.4–22.9%). Pooled mean proportion of HSV-1 detection in genital herpes was 30.5% (95% CI 23.3–38.3%), and was highest in young individuals. Proportion of HSV-1 detection in genital herpes increased by 1.04-fold (95% CI 1.00–1.08) per year. Included studies showed heterogeneity, but 30% of the heterogeneity in seroprevalence and 42% of the heterogeneity in proportion of HSV-1 detection in genital herpes were explained in terms of epidemiological factors. HSV-1 seroprevalence is higher in Australia than in other Western countries. HSV-1 epidemiology in Australia and New Zealand appears to be transitioning towards less oral acquisition in childhood, but more genital acquisition among youth.
Lower prospective memory is associated with higher neurocognitive dispersion in two samples of people with HIV: A conceptual replication study
Authors: Mustafa Andrea I. , Woods Steven Paul , Loft Shayne , Morgan Erin E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectives:People living with HIV (PLWH) often experience deficits in the strategic/executive aspects of prospective memory (PM) that can interfere with instrumental activities of daily living. This study used a conceptual replication design to determine whether cognitive intraindividual variability, as measured by dispersion (IIV-dispersion), contributes to PM performance and symptoms among PLWH.Methods:Study 1 included 367 PLWH who completed a comprehensive clinical neuropsychological test battery, the Memory for Intentions Test (MIsT), and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). Study 2 included 79 older PLWH who completed the Cogstate cognitive battery, the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT), an experimental measure of time-based PM, and the PRMQ. In both studies, a mean-adjusted coefficient of variation was derived to measure IIV-dispersion using normativeT-scores from the cognitive battery.Results:Higher IIV-dispersion was significantly associated with lower time-based PM performance at small-to-medium effect sizes in both studies (meanrs = −0.30). The relationship between IIV-dispersion and event-based PM performance was comparably small in magnitude in both studies (rs = −0.19, −0.20), but it was only statistically significant in Study 1. IIV-dispersion showed very small, nonsignificant relationships with self-reported PM symptoms in both samples (rs< 0.10).Conclusions:Extending prior work in healthy adults, these findings suggest that variability in performance across a cognitive battery contributes to laboratory-based PM accuracy, but not perceived PM symptoms, among PLWH. Future studies might examine whether daily fluctuations in cognition or other aspects of IIV (e.g., inconsistency) play a role in PM failures in everyday life.
A nonparametric analysis of climate change nexus on agricultural productivity in Africa: implications on food security
Authors: Bernard Boima M. , Song Yanping , Narcisse Mulinga , Hena Sehresh , Wang Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Earlier research largely ignored the effects of climate change on the growth of agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) in Africa. This study shows how climate inputs impact TFP growth in addition to other productivity growth indicators and metrics, as well as how they can impact overall input efficiency as productivity drivers. We use a panel of 42 African nations from 1999 to 2019 and a nonparametric data envelopment analysis-Malmquist technique. The non-parametric analysis revealed that the average growth rate of the non-climate-induced TFP estimates was 1.9%, while the average growth rate of the climate-induced TFP estimates was 2.4%. Accounting for temperature and precipitation separately, TFP grew by 2.3% on average. This growth rate (2.3%) is slightly less than the combined effect of temperature and precipitation (2.4%) but higher than the typical TFP growth rate (1.9%) that ignores climate variables, indicating that TFP growth in African agriculture risks being underestimated when climate inputs are ignored. We also find the distribution of the climate effects to vary across regions. In northern Africa, for example, the temperature-induced TFP growth rates were negative due to rising temperature in the region. Evidence from the decomposed TFP estimates indicates that climate variables also influence productivity determinants. However, technology improvement is fundamental to mitigating the effects of extreme weather inputs on TFP growth in Africa's agriculture. As a result, a few policy suggestions are provided to help policymakers deal with the effects of climate change on TFP growth in Africa's agriculture and ensure food security. The study advocated for a reevaluation of the climate–agriculture effect in order to fully comprehend the role of climate factors and their contributions to agricultural TFP growth in Africa.
NOx‐Induced Changes in Upper Tropospheric O3 During the Asian Summer Monsoon in Present‐Day and Future Climate
Authors: Roy Chaitri , Rathod Sagar D. , Ayantika D. C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe upper tropospheric ozone (O3) strongly influences the atmosphere's radiative budget. Using the Aerosol and Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project simulations, we study the influence of present‐day and future anthropogenic nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions on the upper tropospheric O3 concentrations over India during the Asian summer monsoon (ASM). We observe that the upper tropospheric O3 concentrations increased 1.5 times over the ASM anticyclone region during the ASM due to higher NOx emissions in 2014 compared to 1850, and their transport due to convection. These NOx‐induced O3 changes exert a regional positive radiative forcing of 0.6 Wm−2 at the top of the atmosphere. The upper tropospheric O3 increases in the future with increasing NOx emissions. However, air quality policies to reduce surface NOx emissions also reduce the upper tropospheric O3 over India during the ASM.
Rheological Heterogeneities Control the Non‐Progressive Uplift of the Young Iranian Plateau
Authors: Gao Yifan , Chen Ling , Yang Jianfeng , Wang Kun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Iranian plateau is at the early stage of plateau development and intracontinental deformation in response to the Arabia‐Eurasia collision. Its compressive deformation is concentrated in the northern plateau but skips the central counterpart, challenging the common views envisaging the progressive uplift from the collisional front to the hinterland. Based on three‐dimensional, crustal‐scale numerical models, we present how the rheological heterogeneities common in continents control the deformation of the young Iranian plateau. The weak northern plateau ensures itself a preferential zone in accommodating continental collision. The N‐S strike‐slip faults within the non‐rigid central plateau, formed along the boundaries between the tectonic units with rheological contrast, suppress the shortening of the central plateau while further accentuating the compressive deformation of the northern plateau. Our results suggest a non‐progressive intracontinental deformation pattern where rheological boundaries and mechanically weak zones, not necessarily those close to collisional fronts, preferentially accommodate continental convergence.
The Mini Induced Magnetospheres at Mars
Authors: Dubinin E. , Fraenz M. , Pätzold M. , Tellmann S. , DiBraccio G. , McFadden J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report on observations made by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft at Mars, in the region of the ion plume. We observe that in some cases, when the number density of oxygen ions is comparable to the density of the solar wind protons interaction between both plasmas leads to formation in the magnetosheath of mini induced magnetospheres possessing all typical features of induced magnetospheres typically observed at Mars or Venus: a pileup of the magnetic field at the head of the ion cloud, magnetospheric cavity, partially void of solar wind protons, draping of the interplanetary magnetic field around the mini obstacle, formation of a magnetic tail with a current sheet, in which protons are accelerated by the magnetic field tensions. These new observations may shed a light on the mechanism of formation of induced magnetospheres.
Mantle Phase Changes Detected From Stochastic Tomography
Authors: Cormier Vernon F. , Lithgow‐Bertelloni Carolina , Stixrude Lars , Zheng Yingcai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStochastic tomography, made possible by dense deployments of seismic sensors, is used to identify phase changes in Earth's mantle that occur over depth intervals. This technique inverts spatial coherences of amplitudes and travel times of body waves to determine the depth and dependence of the spatial spectrum of seismic velocity. This spectrum is interpreted using the predicted thermodynamic stability of mineral composition and phase as a function of temperature and pressure, in which the metamorphic temperature derivative of seismic velocities is used as a proxy for the effects of heterogeneity induced in a region undergoing a phase change. Peaks in the temperature derivative of seismic velocity closely match those found from applying stochastic tomography to elements of Earthscope and Flex arrays. Within ±12 km, peaks in the fluctuation of P velocity at 425, 500, and 600 km depth beneath the western US agree with those predicted by a mechanical mixture of harzburgite and basalt, 180 K cooler than a 1600 K adiabat in the mantle transition zone. A broad peak at 250 km depth may be associated with chemical heterogeneity induced by dehydration of subducted oceanic sediments, and a peak at 775 km depth with a phase change in subducted basalt. Non‐detection of predicted phase changes less than 10 km in width is consistent with the resolution possible with the seismic arrays used in the inversion, including the sharp endothermic phase change near 660 km. These interpretations are consistent with the known history of plate subduction beneath North America.
Enhanced Linkage of Summer Drought in Southern China to the North Pacific Oscillation Since 2000
Authors: Hu Yuepeng , Zhou Botao , Han Tingting , Li Huixin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBased on the standardized precipitation evaporation index and reanalysis data, this article reveals that the relationship between the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and the drought over southern China in summer shifts from an insignificant correlation to a significant negative correlation after 2000. During the significant period (2001–2018), the positive NPO phase corresponds to an anomalous anticyclonic circulation dominating the mid‐low latitude North Pacific, which suppresses the moisture transport into southern China. Meanwhile, the easterly anomalies south of the anomalous anticyclonic circulation prevailing in the equatorial Pacific are coupled with a cooling of sea surface temperature in the central tropical Pacific, which enhances the Walker circulation and further induces an anomalous meridional circulation with the descending anomalies over southern China. Such moisture and dynamical conditions favor the occurrence of drought in southern China. During the former period (1983–2000), however, the NPO‐related atmospheric circulations over the North Pacific shift northward. In this case, the NPO shows insignificant relations with the moisture and dynamical conditions over southern China, thereby diluting the linkage of the NPO to the drought in southern China. The interdecadal strengthening in the relationship between the NPO and above atmospheric conditions is attributed to the westward (southward) extension of the NPO northern (southern) center. The larger interannual variability of spring sea ice in the Bering Sea and the southward movement of summer storm track over the North Pacific are hypothesized to account for the expansion of the NPO structure.