bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deux romans haïtiens sur les « troubles » de Saint-Domingue
Authors: Boraso Silvia 
Published: January 2025

Si les représentations littéraires et médiatiques de la révolution haïtienne à l’époque des événements ainsi que dans des périodes plus récentes ont fait l’objet d’études approfondies, les représentations romanesques autochtones demeurent largement sous-explorées, voire souvent abordées à travers un prisme critique péjoratif. Ce regard biaisé souligne la nécessité d’explorer les romans haïtiens du xixe siècle dans une perspective décoloniale et libérée d’un certain normativisme pour enrichir notre compréhension de la manière dont les événements révolutionnaires ont été non seulement documentés, mais également imaginés et racontés en Haïti juste après la déclaration d’indépendance. Afin de dévoiler ces récits souvent occultés par les narrations dominantes, nous nous pencherons sur les « troubles » de Saint-Domingue en tant que matière romanesque, d’un point de vue thématique comme d’un point de vue formel. En nous appuyant sur l’analyse littéraire de deux romans haïtiens du xixe siècle, Stella (1859) d’Émeric Bergeaud et Deux Amours (1895) d’Amédée Brun, nous explorerons comment la littérature raconte la révolution, mais aussi comment la révolution informe le récit romanesque.
Petits blancs dans la Révolution
Authors: Cattarin Rémi , Watts Antonin Quazzo dit 
Published: January 2025

Ce texte soumet une série de portraits de petits blancs dans la Révolution. La catégorie « petits blancs » rassemble les blancs qui ne sont ni habitants, ni négociants, ni gouvernants. Elle se diffuse largement à partir de 1790 et désigne dans l’historiographie un groupe au comportement stéréotypé, hostile aux libres de couleur et clairement contre-révolutionnaire. Cet article vise à remettre en perspective le rôle des petits blancs dans ces colonies troublées, à la lumière d’expériences subjectives concrètes d’individus s’identifiant ou non comme tel, mais partageant des caractéristiques similaires. Ce travail s’inscrit dans une démarche comparative entre la Guadeloupe et Saint-Domingue, afin de proposer une lecture plus nuancée du rôle de ces subalternes blancs qui constituent la majorité des blancs des colonies, tout en ayant été largement omis dans l’historiographie.
Mouvements et réseaux transatlantiques : l’engagement littéraire entre France et Québec
Authors: Turbiau Aurore 
Published: January 2025

Dans les années 1969-1985, alors que les mouvements de libération des femmes, puis ceux qui luttent pour les droits des personnes homosexuelles, battent leur plein aux États-Unis, au Canada, en Europe occidentale, l’espace culturel franco-québécois connaît un moment particulier de collaboration littéraire transatlantique. Ces années-là, un réseau d’écriture et de recherche féministe se met en place entre les francophonies, dont la France et le Québec forment les pôles les plus actifs : on peut parler d’un engagement commun, bien qu’il prenne des formes sensiblement différentes de part et d’autre de l’Atlantique.
La puissance séductrice des économies prédatrices : fragrance de santal dans la contrebande des ressources environnementales en Inde du Sud
Authors: Picherit David 
Published: January 2025

Le présent article traite de la fabrique chaotique du capitalisme prédateur à partir d’une étude ethnographique des logiques déployées par une chaîne d’acteurs impliqués dans l’éradication successive de deux essences forestières dans le sud de l’Inde, des années 1980 à aujourd’hui. Il retrace une histoire de la contrebande de ces bois précieux dans deux États indiens frontaliers et de la criminalisation d’une population dite « tribale » engagée au plus bas de l’échelle des chaînes de prédation. Grâce à l’incertitude générée par les entrelacements mafieux entre le politique, l’État, l’économie ainsi qu’entre le légal et l’illégal, de multiples opportunités économiques, dangereuses mais rémunératrices, s’ouvrent néanmoins à ces acteurs du trafic, mais aussi aux policiers, avocats, juges, et politiciens-contrebandiers. Les saisir requiert des « prises de confiance » risquées, parfois mortelles, mais indispensables pour espérer s’élever dans cette économie. La prédation capitaliste des ressources environnementales assure ici sa reproduction par la puissance séductrice d’une activité illicite, attirante et menaçante, qui oblige ceux qui y prennent part à se trouver simultanément dans des positions de proie et de prédateur. Cette réversibilité des positions stimule une participation complice à la contrebande : en étant à la fois proie et prédateur, créditeur et endetté, extorqueur et extorqué, chacun devient potentiellement éligible à l’obtention d’un micro-privilège ou d’un micro-bénéfice. Ces logiques prédatrices se déclinent dans des gammes relationnelles asymétriques marquées par une distinction troublée entre amitiés et trahisons, fiction et réalité, extorsion et protection, ainsi que dette, don et coercition. De tels environnements sont propices à des sous-marchés de la prédation, encouragés par des acteurs juridiques et policiers qui utilisent la loi comme une arme pour extorquer les travailleurs du bois qu’ils arrêtent. Loin de se situer hors du capitalisme, nous montrons que cette économie illicite, par ses usages de la loi et de la violence, en est une forme pleinement contemporaine.
Après le landgrab : violence infrastructurelle et « système mafieux » dans les plantations de palmiers à huile indonésiennes
Authors: Li Tania Murray 
Published: January 2025

Les plantations sont de retour. La monoculture commerciale à grande échelle de type colonial, pratiquée par l’agro-industrie sur des terres de concession, connaît un nouvel essor dans le Sud global. Cette expansion est spécialement prégnante en Indonésie, où la culture de palmiers à huile occupe déjà 11 millions d’hectares et où il est prévu d’investir 10 à 20 millions d’hectares supplémentaires, le plus souvent sous la forme de plantations. La question foncière au sein de ce renouveau des plantations a fait irruption dans le débat public en 2008-2009, alors que se multipliaient les acquisitions transnationales de terres, souvent décrites comme un accaparement au niveau mondial. Le terme polémique « accaparement » (grab) a le mérite d’avoir attiré l’attention sur les destructions en cours : celles des droits fonciers coutumiers, de la diversité des systèmes agricoles, des équilibres écologiques. S’appuyant sur une recherche ethnographique conduite dans la zone de culture de palmiers à huile de la province indonésienne du Kalimantan occidental (île de Bornéo), le présent article se penche sur ce qu’il se passe après l’accaparement, en mettant en évidence la violence inscrite dans l’infrastructure matérielle, sociale et politique que les plantations mettent en place. Les promesses de réforme par le biais de la réglementation et de la certification sonnent creux, car la loi, le gouvernement et les moyens de subsistance sont subordonnés aux logiques des plantations ; et cette trajectoire s’aggrave au fil du temps, à mesure que les zones de plantation s’étendent, deviennent saturées et que tous s’y trouvent enfermés. Les plantations indonésiennes ne peuvent être transformées, il faut donc stopper leur expansion.
Amitraz Poisoning: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Center in North Karnataka
Authors: Hasabi Ishwar S. , Yashwanth M. , Kalinga B. E. , Patil Vishwanath , Seetaram N. K. , Shetty Samarth V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Amitraz is a member of formamidine family of pesticides. Its structure is 1,5 di-(2,4-dimethyl phenyl)-3-methyl-1,3,5-triazpenta 1,4 dione. It is used as agriculture insecticide for fruit crops and as an acaricide for dogs and livestock. Amitraz is pharmacologically active with an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist action.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with amitraz poisoning admitted to the General Medicine Department of Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi, Karnataka, India, between 2022 March and 2023 December were studied. Patients aged more than 13 years who gave informed consent were included in the study.

Results:
A total of 78 patients of amitraz poisoning were seen and 60.30% were male and 39.70% were female. Nausea and vomiting were the most common symptoms and were observed in 67.9% of the patients. Respiratory depression was seen in 60.3% of the patients. Loss of consciousness was the most common complication and was seen in 62.8% of the patients. The mortality rate was 5.12% (four patients) and 94.87% (74 patients) were discharged. In our study, 62.8% of the patients required endotracheal intubation and were put on mechanical ventilation. The mean duration of time to death after poisoning was 4 days, one patient died within 24 h of hospitalization and multiorgan dysfunction was the common cause of death.

Conclusion:
The clinical presentations of most of the patients with amitraz poisoning were relatively severe and required intubation and mechanical ventilation. The prognosis is generally good with supportive treatment.
The Role of Epigenetics in Cardiovascular Disease: Providing Insights into Disease Mechanisms and Evaluating Therapeutic Potential for Future Treatment Strategies
Authors: Elsaka Omar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent enormous economic and healthcare concerns, prompting the development of preventative and treatment strategies. Research is vital in understanding the core mechanisms of many illnesses, such as epigenetics, and concentrating on primary prevention. Early investigations have established a relationship between DNA methylation, histone changes, and RNA-based processes, leading to cardiovascular illnesses such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and heart failure (HF). Currently, various pharmaceutical medications created from these research initiatives are undergoing clinical testing. However, no epigenetically active medicines targeting histone acetylation and methylation have been tested in clinical trials for CVDs. Additional investigation is required to understand the intricate link between epigenetic regulation and CVD drug development. RNA therapies are being developed, and the use of microRNAs and their targets as diagnostic and prognostic indicators holds considerable potential. Further study is required to increase our knowledge of the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in modifying gene expression anomalies causing HF. Innovative therapeutic options that prevent HF focusing on interfering with lncRNA pathways may be devised. Research and testing findings offer the potential to strengthen the therapeutic arsenal. This article gives a summary of the available understanding of epigenetic processes, substances relevant to cardiovascular illnesses, and approaches for their prevention and therapy.
The Value of Positron Emission Tomography Scan in Staging of Lymphoma in a Sample of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Hadi Rand Qais , Matti Bassam Francis , Fadhil Atheer Adnan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
A diverse range of illnesses known as lymphomas are caused by immune system constituent cells or their progenitors.18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computerized tomography has been routine practice to improve the characterization and prognosis of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs).

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to assess the role of positron emission tomography (PET) scan in clinical evaluation of lymphoma and its ability to identify the correct stage of lymphoma.

Patients and Methods:
cross-sectional follow-up study was conducted on 50 patients with pathologically proven lymphoma in 2021 who were admitted to the hospital. All patients included in the study performed computed tomography (CT) and PET scan for initial staging.

Results:
In NHL, PET scan staging differed significantly from clinical in two stages; there were 7 patients versus none with Stage II according to clinical and PET scan staging, respectively. Furthermore, only five patients had Stage IV according to clinical staging versus 17 patients in PET scan staging. Accordingly, there was no agreement between the two modalities (κ = 0.085, 95% = 0.045–0.123, P = 0.394). In Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the two modalities differ significantly in the appraisal of Stage IV, in which there were 2 patients based on clinical staging and 11 patients according to PET scan staging. Thus, there was a poor agreement between the two modalities (κ = 0.314, 95% confidence interval = 0.283–0.376, P = 0.002). PET scan upstaged 50% and 61.54% of the patients with HL and NHL, respectively, with a highly significant difference, whereas there was no change in staging for 50% and 34.62%, respectively, with a highly significant difference. In NHL, PET scan demonstrated higher positive bone marrow (BM) involvement than biopsy (34.62% vs. 19.23%) with a highly significant difference. Similarly, in HL, PET scan revealed far more positive BM involvement than biopsy (45.83% vs. 8.33%) with a highly significant difference.

Conclusions:
There is poor or no agreement between PET scan and clinical staging of lymphoma, with high detection with PET scan for BM involvement compared with CT scan, which leads to the identification of additional involved sites of patients with lymphoma.
Knowledge of Mothers about Febrile Convulsion in Children, Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Medical City Complex, Baghdad, 2024
Authors: Abd-Almuhsen Dhuha Ali , Yassin Batool Ali Ghalib 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Febrile convulsion (FC) is the most common seizure in children worldwide. Between 1% and 4% of children develop FCs. It is also a leading reason for pediatric hospital admissions.

Aim of the Study:
The study aimed to assess the level of mothers’ knowledge regarding FC in children and to identify the factors affecting mothers’ knowledge about FC.

Methodology:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Medical City Complex (outpatient clinic and emergency unit), during the period between November 2023 and August 2024. The study involved 426 mothers with children aged <7 years who attended the outpatient clinic and emergency unit. A dedicated knowledge score was established based on 20 questions, dividing the mother’s knowledge into three categories (high, moderate/fair, and poor knowledge).

Results:
Mothers’ knowledge scores revealed that their scores ranged from 6 to 20 with a mean of 13.4 ± 2.4 standard deviation; 24 (5.6%) got poor knowledge, 317 (74.4%) got fair knowledge, and 85 (19.9%) got high knowledge. The associations were statistically significant between mothers’ knowledge level and their residency (P = 0.018) and between mothers’ knowledge level and their education (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
The majority of mothers (74.4%) had a fair knowledge of FC. Their knowledge is significantly associated with higher maternal education and urban residence.
Prevalence of Long COVID-19 among Home-treated COVID-19 Patients in Baghdad, Iraq 2023
Authors: Majid Ali Maher , Al-Rubaey Mazin Ghazi Jassim , Jasim Saeb 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The term “long-COVID-19” describes the condition of individuals who have either recovered from the acute phase of COVID-19 but are still reporting persistent effects of the infection, have had recurrence of the initial clinical symptoms, or have new symptoms other than the initial symptoms. The prolonged course of the COVID-19 illness is a problem that is becoming more widely noticed, affecting both health and economic systems.

Aim of the Study:
To establish base-line data for health policy makers to prevent and control this important public health problem.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study design was adopted for this study. The study was conducted in 39 health-care centers selected randomly in Baghdad from ten health districts. In the first stage, ten health districts were chosen by a simple random sampling method. Then, in the second stage, a simple random sampling method selected 50% of primary health-care centers from each district. A convenient sample of 600 participants was involved in the study. The collection of the data was completed within 10 months (from January 2nd to the end of October 2023). A level of P < 0.05 considered significant in both univariate and multivariable analysis performed in this research.

Results:
The current study revealed that 231 out of 600 (38.5%) participants had persistent symptoms for more than 4 weeks after the onset of illness. The symptoms that had persisted for more than 4 weeks were: fatigue in 145 out of 600 (24.1%), cough in 98 out of 600 (16.3%), and loss of smell or taste in 93 out of 600 (15.5%). By Chi-square test analysis, statistically significant association was found between the duration of illness and: age, sex, smoking history, presence of chronic diseases, COVID-19 vaccination before infection, reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and obesity. On logistic regression analysis only increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 1.678, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.089–2.586), female sex (OR 2.676, 95% CI 1.829–3.916), smoking (OR 2.878, 95% CI 1.964–4.216), and COVID-19 vaccination before infection (OR 0.560, 95% CI 0.387–0.811) were significant factors.

Conclusions:
More than one-third of participants (38.5%) had long COVID. The most frequent symptoms that persisted for more than 4 weeks in this study were fatigue, followed by cough, and loss of smell or taste, respectively. The increasing age, female sex, smoking were significant risk factors, in contrast to COVID-19 vaccination before infection was significant protective factor.
The Relation between the Timing of Electives, Emergency Cesarean Deliveries, and Early Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity in Neonates at Two Hospitals in Kirkuk City
Authors: Hammoud Asmaa Hussein , Naser Nadia Aziz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
More than 21% of births worldwide are by cesarean section (CS). CS can save lives, but it increases the risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity, especially before 39 weeks. Preterm elective CS has been linked to higher newborn respiratory distress rates. Understanding these risks is essential for optimizing CS timing to improve neonatal outcomes.

Patients and Methods:
This study employed a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional design conducted at two hospitals in Kirkuk City, Iraq, between December 2023 and February 2024. The study included 230 mothers who delivered infants between 36 and 41 weeks of gestation via elective or emergency CS or vaginal delivery. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering maternal medical history, gestational age, mode of delivery, and neonatal respiratory outcomes.

Results:
The study found that 14.8% of neonates developed respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and 2/3 of them experienced transient tachypnea of the newborn. Infants delivered before 37 weeks were three times more likely to develop RDS than those delivered at or after 37 weeks (odds ratio = 3.1 and P = 0.003). Elective CSs were associated with lower respiratory morbidity compared to emergency CSs. In addition, advanced maternal age was significantly linked to higher rates of neonatal respiratory distress (P = 0.046).

Conclusion:
Delaying elective CSs until 39 weeks significantly reduces the risk of neonatal respiratory distress. Infants born before 39 weeks face a higher likelihood of RDS.
Derrida: un pensador (judío sefardí) de ‘parole vive’, en los márgenes de la filosofía
Authors: Tejeda Barros Antonia 
Published: January 2025

Derrida es un pensador judío sefardí que cuestiona sistemáticamente las obras literarias, filosóficas, artísticas y políticas (desmenuzando y deconstruyendo), y cuya obra se mueve entre los márgenes de la filosofía. Conocido como el defensor de la escritura, Derrida es, en el fondo, un pensador de ‘parole vive’ que reconoce que la escritura deja a la palabra inmóvil. En el presente artículo saco a luz la cultura judía sefardí de Derrida (que a menudo se desconoce o se pasa por alto), muestro que Derrida denunció (aunque tímidamente) el antisemitismo en su diálogo con Élisabeth Roudinesco y sostengo que la famosa inversión derridiana escritura–palabra oral (su crítica al fonocentrismo) podría ser menos profunda de lo que se cree (más compleja, con sutiles matices, pequeñas contradicciones y marcada de tensiones), puesto que Derrida confiesa que la imagen de Sócrates y Platón descubierta en un envoi de La carte postale podría ser una equivocación, confiesa en una carta a Gadamer que él es un hombre de ‘parole vive’ y elogia los encuentros con Gadamer en Béliers. Le dialogue ininterrompu: entre deux infinis, le poème.
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION, TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS AND TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN SIRAWAI DISTRICT SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Caoile Alpen Arcayena , Baes James O. , Naparota Leo C. 
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine the technology integration and teaching effectiveness and how it affects teachers' performance in Sirawai District, Schools Division of Zamboanga del Norte, during the school year 2022-2023. It employed descriptive survey and descriptive correlational as the research methods. Weighted mean, standard deviation, and Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient (Spearman rho) were the statistical tools used in the analysis of data. There were one hundred nineteen (119) secondary school teachers involved as respondents. The level of technology integration was very high. The level of teaching effectiveness was “very high”. The level of teachers’ performance was “very satisfactory”. The levels of technology integration and teachers’ performance were not significantly correlated. The levels of teaching effectiveness and teachers’ performance were not significantly correlated. Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, the author recommends that the DepEd Top Officials (Central Office, Regional Offices, and Division Offices) utilize the findings of this study as baseline data for the conduct of teachers training, particularly on the new MATATAG Curriculum, specifically technology integration for teaching effectiveness and teachers’ performance.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0790/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>