bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diyetle İndüklenen Obez Sıçanlarda Ginkgo Biloba Ekstresinin Lipit Profili ve Leptin Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: ÜNAL Zeynep Nil , DEĞİRMENCİ Ulaş , YILDIRIM Metin 
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Obezite, vücutta aşırı yağ birikmesi olarak tanımlanır. Adiposit kaynaklı bir hormon olan leptin, enerji homeostazında önemli bir rol oynar. Ginkgo biloba ekstraktının (GBE) obez sıçanlarda lipid profili ve leptin seviyeleri üzerindeki olası etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Yöntem: Çalışma 4 gruptan oluştu. Normal diyetle beslenen sıçanlar kontrol grubunu (Grup 1) oluşturdu. Diğerleri diyet ve GBE tedavisine göre üç gruba ayrıldı. 10 haftalık yüksek yağlı diyet tüketiminden sonra, gruplar kontrole göre %20 daha ağır hale geldi. Daha sonra diyete bağlı obez sıçanlar (Grup 2) obez kontrol grubu olarak kullanıldı ve sadece yüksek yağlı diyetle beslendi. Obez grupların geri kalanı sırasıyla 20 mg/kg/gün (Grup 3) ve 100 mg/kg/gün (Grup 4) dozlarında oral GBE verildi. Bu çalışmada kullanılan tüm deney protokolleri Mersin Üniversitesi Hayvan Etiği Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır.
Bulgular: 21 günlük tedavi sonrasında Grup 1'de serum trigliserit düzeyleri 52,5±9,07 (mg/dl); Grup 2’de 109,5±46,8; Grup 3'de 62,3±18,8 ve Grup 4'de 65,6±28,8 olarak ölçüldü. Obez kontrol grubu ve GBE tedavi grupları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p
Can Cellular Differentiation and Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma be Predicted by Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography?
Authors: ALTAN KUS Aylin , KOYUNCU SÖKMEN Bedriye 
Published: August 2023

Objective

The purpose of our study was to examine the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in explanted liver, the association between microvascular invasion (MVI) and cellular differentiation, and to predict the severity of HCC.

Material and Methods:

CECT images of 54 surgically proven HCCs were evaluated with abdominal radiologist. Our CECT protocol was composed of precontrast, arterial, portal and delayed venous phases. The radiologist analysed the CT images for; tumor size, tumor margin, presence of intratumoral vessels; presence of capsule; intratumoral fat accumulation; and macroinvasion. The imaging features were correlated with cellular differentiation and MVI using Fisher's exact test or the χ2 test.

Results:

The results of our study indicated that there was a significant inverse correlation between the presence of capsule and MVI (p
Activismo judicial en el Estado ambiental de derecho
Authors: Magoja Eduardo Esteban 
Published: August 2023

La emergencia del Estado ambiental de derecho ofrece un nuevo escenario con respecto a la función judicial, la cual, lejos de limitarse a aplicar las normas de manera mecánica, es activa y cuenta con poderes normativos amplios. Esta caracterización invita a reflexionar sobre dos problemas en particular: por un lado, una amplia libertad del juez puede llegar a ser un riesgo para la institucionalidad del derecho y el esquema de división de poderes; por el otro, puede vulnerar las garantías constitucionales de los ciudadanos.
El propósito de este trabajo es discutir estos problemas. Se buscará argumentar a favor de la tesis de que las prácticas judiciales proactivas caerían prima facie en un activismo justificado siempre que se respeten ciertos límites (procesales y relativos a la organización estatal) y exista un compromiso serio con los derechos humanos, la defensa del bien colectivo del ambiente y la realización de la justicia ambiental.
A 4 year retrospective study of facial dog bite injuries in patients reported to pediatric emergency, BPKIHS, Nepal.
Authors: Dali Mamta , Koirala Bandana , Shrestha Sneha , Birajee Gajendra 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Dog bites facial injuries are a significant health care problem and their sequelae ranges from minor to fatal injuries.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of facial dog bite injuries and to assess the outcome as well as presentation of facial injuries among the children reported to the pediatric emergency, BPKIHS, Nepal.

Methodology: A study was conducted where the clinical records of children with facial dog bite injuries reported from 2015 to 2018, were assessed and analyzed.A proforma was designed to extract relevant clinical data from the case records. Information such as age, gender of the victims, anatomical site of the injury, interval between injury and presentation to the hospital, nature of injuries,profile(stray or pet)and immunization status the of dog ,outcome and complications were extracted.

Results: The incidence of facial dog bite injuries has significantly increasedpointing maleschool going children injured predominantly(70%).Seventeen(81%) victims had presented within 24 hrs of injury whereas two(9.5%) patients had reported after 24 hours and 72 hours of the injury. Nineteen patients were treated on the same dayunder local anesthesia, one under general anesthesia where thorough wound lavage with meticulous reapproximation followed by suturing was done. Full recovery was evident in eighteen (86%) cases with primary wound closure whereas two (14%) patients had undergone healing with secondary intention.
Conclusion: There is an increase in incidence of dog bite facial injuries among children in our tertiary health care centre. Satisfactory healing outcomes were achieved with a thorough wound lavage and primary closure of non-infected wounds under appropriate rabies prophylaxis and proper antibiotic regimen.
Comparison of Spot Urinary Protein Creatinine Ratio and 24 hour Urinary Protein Excretion in Children presenting with Nephrotic Syndrome in Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Giri Arun , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Shah Vijay Kumar , Niraula Niraj , Rauniyar Anand 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is an important chronic disorder in children and it’s one of the important diagnostic criteria is presence of heavy proteinuria (> 40 mg/m2/hour).
As 24-hour urinary protein estimation is cumbersome, inconvenient, time consuming and expensive, a more convenient and accurate method of urinary protein estimation is needed.
24-hour urinary protein estimation and urine protein/creatinine in a child with nephrotic syndrome correlates well but there are very few studies done in Nepal to prove this correlation. Hence, this study is undertaken with objective of evaluating usefulness of urine protein/creatinine (UP/UC) in random sample of urine as a rapid and reliable test for quantification of proteinuria and to know their correlation with 24hour urinary protein excretion.
Objectives:
Primary Objective: To evaluate accuracy of urine protein creatinine ratio (UP/UC) in early morning sample in comparison with 24 hours urinary protein excretion in children of nephrotic syndrome having normal Glomerular Filtration Rate.
Secondary Objective:

To evaluate usefulness of urine protein / creatinine ratio (UP/UC) in random sample of urine as rapid and reliable test for quantification of proteinuria.
To evaluate biochemical and other laboratory abnormalities in children with nephrotic syndrome.
To study varied clinical presentation of Pediatric nephrotic syndrome

Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in pediatric unit, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar for 12 months. In this study, 50 patients of both sexes, ranging from one to fifteen years of age were studied. The modes of presentation, laboratory investigation reports which included urine routine microscopy, 24-hour urine protein estimation, urine protein / creatinine in random sample of urine were documented and data was analyzed by linear regression.
Results: Linear regression revealed that as timed 24-hour urine protein in gm/24 hour increased, Random urine/protein creatinine ratio mg/mg also increased linearly with correlation coefficient of r = 0.56 which was highly significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study concludes that UP/UC ratio in a spot urine reflects the amount of protein in 24-hour urine collection. UP/UC ratio > 2 in patients with normal renal function represents nephrotic range proteinuria.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SYSTEMIC IMMUNE INFLAMMATION INDICES AND PROGNOSTIC NUTRITIONAL INDEX BEFORE CDK4/6 INHIBITOR THERAPY IN HORMONE RECEPTOR POSITIVE, HER2 NEGATIVE METASTATIC BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: ÇAKAN DEMİREL Burçin , YAREN Arzu , DEMİRAY Atike Gökçen , YAPAR TAŞKÖYLÜ Burcu , DOĞAN Tolga , ÖZDEMİR Melek , GÜÇLÜ KANTAR Taliha , KARAN Canan , DEĞİRMENCİOĞLU Serkan , GOKOZ DOGU Gamze 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: As systemic inflammatory indices and prognostic nutritional index are associated with poor prognosis in many tumor types, the goal of the present study was to ascertain their effect along with the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio, and systemic inflammatory response index on the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer patients before CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment.
Materials and Method: The medical records of 79 patients with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer who presented at the Medical Oncology Outpatient Clinic between January 2018 and May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to gather relevant data measured before CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment in order to establish the effect of key markers on their PFS and OS.
Results: The median age of the participating patients, 70 (88.6%) of whom were postmenopausal, was 53 years (range 26−80 years). While 68 patients (86.1%) had a 0 performance score, 10 (12.7%) developed metastases during adjuvant endocrine therapy. Factors affecting PFS were age
Reviews
Authors: Bonin Hugo , Eckert Alexandra , Ángel Andrés Jiménez 
Published: August 2023

Annelien De Dijn, Freedom: An Unruly History (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020), 432 pp.
Marian Nebelin and Claudia Tiersch, eds., Semantische Kämpfe zwischen Republik und Prinzipat? Kontinuität und Transformation der politischen Sprache in Rom [Semantic struggles in the Republic and the Principate? Continuity and change in Rome's political language] (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2021), 513 pages.
Francisco Ortega, Rafael Acevedo, and Pablo Casanova Castañeda, eds., Horizontes de la historia conceptual en Iberoamérica: Trayectorias e incursiones [Horizons of conceptual history in Ibero-America: Trajectories and incursions] (Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2021), 515 pp.
Association of Diabetic Polyneuropathy and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Role of Glycemic Control and Microvascular Complications
Authors: DEVECİ Şule 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is more common in diabetes mellitus (DM), especially in individuals with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the effects of elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, duration of diabetes, and other microvascular complications of DM on the frequency and severity of CTS in patients with DPN.
Material and methods: 124 DPN patients were included in the study. In these patients, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels, duration of DM, antidiabetic drugs used, comorbidities, and other complications of diabetes were questioned. According to the results of the electrophysiological examination, the patients were divided into 2 groups: those with only DPN and those with DPN + CTS.
Results: When diabetes complications were investigated, diabetic nephropathy was found only in those with DPN + CTS (p=0.045). Electrophysiologically, in sensory fibers in all patients, In 43 patients (34.7%), involvement of motor fibers was accompanied. A positive correlation was found between the severity of CTS and duration of diabetes, FBG and HbA1c levels, and subcutaneous insulin use (p=0.018, p=0.014, p=0.003, p=0.029, respectively).
Conclusion: Good glycemic control can reduce the risk of developing CTS with microvascular complications of diabetes. Therefore, it is important for patients to protect their hand function and prevent the development of CTS by being informed about the complications of diabetes.
Slow diffusion around pulsar 𝜸-ray halos and its impact on cosmic rays propagation
Authors: Bi Xiaojun 
Published: August 2023

The diffusion coefficients around the pulsar \(\gamma\)-ray halos are highly suppressed compared with the value in the interstellar medium. It is suggested in the literature that the \(\gamma\)-ray halos can be explained by a ballistic-diffusive (BD) propagation without slow diffusion. However, our calculation shows that the BD propagation cannot account for the \(\gamma\)-ray halo profile well. Furthermore, the transfer efficiency of the pulsar spin-down energy to the high-energy electrons and positrons is even larger than 1 in the BD scenario. Therefore, slow diffusion is necessary to account for the pulsar \(\gamma\)-ray halos. Taking the slow diffusion into account, the contribution of positron flux originating from nearby pulsars to the AMS-02 data is reexamined. We may also expect a slow diffusion disk of the Milky Way as many such slow diffusion regions exist. The positron contribution to the AMS-02 data from dark matter annihilation in the new propagation model is also reexamined. We find that the dark matter scenario satisfies all the \(\gamma\)-ray limits in the new propagation model.
Exploring Neuro-Linguistic programming (NLP) Techniques for Reducing Public Speaking Anxiety: A Study of Practitioner Approaches during Training
Authors: Robing Robing , Dirga Eska , Zulkarnain Ariandi 
Published: August 2023

The application of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) techniques has garnered attention as a prospective method for mitigating speaking anxiety in public. This research investigates the utilisation of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) techniques by a proficient instructor within the framework of the 'Art of Public Speaking' training program, with the primary objective of alleviating the anxiety linked to delivering speeches to a public audience.
The current study was conducted at Cita Dines Hotel Makassar on August 4th, 2022. The methodology employed in this study encompassed a thorough gathering of data, which was achieved by actively participating as a trainer assistant, employing observational techniques, conducting detailed interviews, and carefully documenting the training sessions.
The collected data underwent a rigorous analytical process guided by Burn's theory on Neuro linguistic Programming. This theoretical framework encompasses various strategies, such as rapport, Flexibility, Outcomes and VAKOG model (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, Olfactory, Gustatory).
The proficient incorporation of these NLP tactics by the trainer not only emphasised their importance but also demonstrated their efficacy in improving the quality of training sessions and promoting meaningful interpersonal connections. This study provides insights into the practical implementation of neuro linguistic programming (NLP) techniques and their capacity to improve the difficulties commonly encountered in public speaking.
Pemodelan Sistem Pengelolaan Sampah Di Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) Kabupaten Tana Tidung Dengan Pendekatan System Dynamic
Authors: Parmawati Tini , Hernawan Endang , Listyarini Sri 
Published: August 2023

Waste management problems in Indonesia are caused by several factors including inadequate landfills, insufficient composting, and waste management in landfills in the use of the right system. Methods used with a dynamic system modeling approach using powersim software. Waste generation in Tana Tidung District increases as the population increases, with curves shaping Growt's exponential behavior. The results of the study conducted simulations for 33 years (2017-2050) in early 2017 the total population of 23,783 people, waste generation 21,701,987.50 l/year. A pessimistic scenario of 8% waste reduction could extend the life of landfill zones for 5 years until 2031. A moderate scenario of 33.73% waste reduction could extend the life of the landfill zone for 9 years until 2035. An optimistic scenario of 48.336% waste reduction could extend the life of the landfill zone by 18 years until 2044, with curves forming decay behavior.
INTISARI
Masalah pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia diakibatkan beberapa faktor diantaranya kurang memadainya tempat pembuangan sampah, pengomposan masih kurang, dan pengelolaan sampah di TPA dalam penggunaan sistem yang tepat. Metode yang digunakan dengan pendekatan pemodelan system dynamic dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak powersim. Timbulan sampah di Kabupaten Tana Tidung meningkat seiring peningkatan jumlah penduduk, dengan kurva membentuk perilaku Eksponensial Growt. Hasil penelitian melakukan simulasi selama 33 tahun (2017-2050) tahun awal 2017 jumlah penduduk 23.783 jiwa, timbulan sampah 21.701.987,50 l/tahun. Skenario pesimis prameter pengurangan sampah 8% dapat memperpanjang umur zona landfill selama 5 tahun hingga tahun 2031. Skenario moderat parameter pengurangan sampah sebesar 33,73% dapat memperpanjang umur zona landfill selama 9 tahun hingga tahun 2035. Skenario optimis parameter pengurangan sampah sebesar 48,336% dapat memperpanjang umur zona landfill selama 18 tahun hingga tahun 2044, dengan kurva membentuk perilaku decay.
Perencanaan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) Di Desa Upun Batu, Kecamatan Tewah, Kabupaten Gunung Mas
Authors: Sutrisman Ahmad Ilham , Marlina Sari , Lesmana Rudy Yoga 
Published: August 2023

Air merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang ketersediaannya sangatlah penting dalam menunjang kehidupan manusia. Meningkatnya pertumbuhan penduduk berbanding lurus dengan kebutuhan air bersih untuk dikonsumsi. Permasalahan distribusi air bersih menjadi salah satu hal yang harus dilakukan dalam penyediaan dan pemenuhan air bersih seperti di Desa Upun Batu, Kecamatan Tewah, Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi eksisting masyarakat Desa Upun Batu belum ada jaringan perpipaan ke rumah-rumah masyarakat, sehingga masyarakat sekitar masih menggunakan sistem konvensional (ambil angkut) dengan jarak sumber air dari Desa tersebut sejauh ±500 meter dari rumah warga. Dengan demikian, perlu adanya Perencanaan sistem penyediaan air minum (SPAM) Desa Upun Batu. Hasil yang diperoleh dituangkan dalam desain perencanaan sistem penyediaan air minum (SPAM) dengan menggunakan program Epanet 2.2.
Perilaku Prolingkungan di Kawasan Wisata Religi Sunan Muria
Authors: Sodiq Alwi Mahardhika , Widjanarko Mochamad 
Published: August 2023

Perilaku prolingkungan merupakan berbagai macam bentuk tindakan manusia yang bertujuan untuk meminimalkan dampak negatif pada lingkungan. Kawasan wisata religi Sunan Muria menjadi salah satu tempat yang setiap harinya tidak pernah sepi pengunjung. Sebagai kawasan wisata perilaku prolingkungan patut untuk diterapkan oleh masyarakat demi menjaga lingkungan sekitar dan kenyamanan pengunjung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat aspek perilaku prolingkungan di kawasan wisata religi Sunan Muria. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Observasi dan wawancara menjadi teknik dalam metode pengumpulan data. Sedangkan coding menjadi metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini. Kredibilitas dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode triangulasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga orang, dari pihak pengelola, pekerja ojek dan pedagang. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah informan kesadaran perilaku prolingkungan sebenarnya sudah diterapkan oleh pihak yayasan Sunan Muria seperti hemat listrik, mobiltas dan transportasi dengan dibuatkannya peraturan secara khusus. Tetapi masyarakat masih sulit untuk menjalankan, terutama terkait daur ulang dan konservasi dalam menjaga pelestarian lingkungan.
Study of Serum Ferritin and Glycemic Status in Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Akhter Khandaker Rokshana , Naznin Lubna , Giti Susane , Khan Arif Ahmed , Islam Md Rafiqul 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has often found to be associated with iron dysregulation, manifested by increased serum ferritin level. Iron is essential for beta- cell insulin secretion, although, increasing concentration of iron and ferritin induce oxidative damage and dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to resistance to insulin, thus, consequent in hyperglycemia.
Objective: To observe the association between serum ferritin and HbA1c concentration among type 2 DM patients.
Methods: With an observational study design, the present study has been done among 63 purposively selected type 2 diabetic patients who attended the selected pathology institute during the period of January to June, 2021. Following availing the ethical approval from concerning ethical review committee and informed written consent of the patients, data regarding age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), diabetic duration, HbA1c concentration and serum ferritin level has been collected and recorded in a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 20.
Results: The study recorded that, the mean serum ferritin level was significantly higher among the poor glycemic control group than the good glycemic control group of respondents (p<0.05) though no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of age, sex, BMI or diabetic duration among the groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Higher serum ferritin level among diabetic patients with poor glycemic control may indicate that there is a pathological role of serum ferritin to induce changes in glycemic status, which requires further in depth studies to apprehend about the mechanism.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 2 (December) 2022: 07-10
Profile of Dermatophytosis among Armed Forces Personnel Attending in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka
Authors: Karim ATM Rezaul , Sadeque Shayesta Pervin , Zaman Md Monir uz , Chowdhury Sabikun Nahar 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Dermatophytes are by far the most significant fungi because of their widespread involvement of population at large and their prevalence all over the world. They are assuming greater significance both in developed and developing countries. Hot and humid climate in the tropical and subtropical countries like Bangladesh makes dermatophytosis a very common superficial fungal skin infection.
Objectives: To identify the pattern as well as the aetiological agents of dermatophytosis.
Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at Dermatology department of CMH, Dhaka. A total 100 patients were recruited through systematic random sampling and examined for cutaneous changes. Skin, nail and hair specimens were taken from the patients and processed by potassium hydroxide preparation (KOH) for direct microscopy and culture.
Results: Dermatophytosis was more common in the age group of 21-30 years (28%) and in males (64%). Most of the patients belonged to low socio-economic status (85%). Fungi was demonstrated in 74 cases (74%) either by KOH and/or culture. Dermatophytosis was more common in military persons (39%). Most common clinical type was tinea corporis (45%) followed by tinea cruris (19%). Most common aetiological agent was T. rubrum (62.7%) followed by T. mentagrophyte (25.42%), M. gypseum (5.08%), T. tonsurans (5.08%) and E. floccosum (1.69%).
Conclusion: Oral Acyclovir therapy begun within 24 hours of onset of symptoms has been shown to reduce the duration of lesions, pyrexia and overall disease duration. So, Acyclovir should be considered for persons at increased risk of severe Varicella infections.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 18, No 2 (December) 2022: 15-18