bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transport evidence of superlattice Dirac cones in graphene monolayer on twisted boron nitride substrate
Authors: Cao Shimin , Chen Mantang , Zeng Jiang , Ma Ning , Zheng Runjie , Feng Ya , Yan Shili , Liu Jing , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Xie X C , Chen Jian-Hao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Strong band engineering in two-dimensional (2D) materials can be achieved by introducing moiré superlattices, leading to the emergence of various novel quantum phases with promising potential for future applications. Presented works to create moiré patterns have been focused on a twist embedded inside channel materials or between channel and substrate. However, the effects of a twist inside the substrate materials on the unaligned channel materials are much less explored. In this work, we report the realization of superlattice multi-Dirac cones with the coexistence of the main Dirac cone in a monolayer graphene (MLG) on a ∼0.14° twisted double-layer boron nitride (tBN) substrate. Transport measurements reveal the emergence of three pairs of superlattice Dirac points around the pristine Dirac cone, featuring multiple metallic or insulating states surrounding the charge neutrality point. Displacement field tunable and electron–hole asymmetric Fermi velocities are indicated from temperature dependent measurements, along with the gapless dispersion of superlattice Dirac cones. The experimental observation of multiple Dirac cones in MLG/tBN heterostructure is supported by band structure calculations employing a periodic moiré potential. Our results unveil the potential of using twisted substrate as a universal band engineering technique for 2D materials regardless of lattice matching and crystal orientations, which might pave the way for a new branch of twistronics.
From defect to effect: controlling electronic transport in chevron graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Čerņevičs Kristiāns , Yazyev Oleg V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
While bottom-up synthesis allows for precise control over the properties of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), the use of certain precursor molecules can result in edge defects, such as missing benzene rings that resemble a ‘bite’. We investigate the adverse effect of the ‘bite’ defects on the electronic transport properties in three chevron-type GNRs and discover that the extent of scattering is governed by the different defect positions. Applying the concepts learned in single GNRs, we engineer defects in two nanostructures to construct prototypical components for nanoelectronics. First, we design a switch, consisting of three laterally fused fluorenyl-chevron GNRs, and place a pair of ‘bite’ defects to effectively allow the switching between four binary states corresponding to distinct current pathways. Second, we show that conscientious placement of a ‘bite’ defect pair can increase conductance between two leads in a triple chevron GNR junction. Overall, we outline how the incorporation of ‘bite’ defects affects transport properties in chevron-type nanostructures and provide a guide on how to design nanoelectronic components.
Polyamorphism mediated by nanoscale incipient concentration wave uncovering hidden amorphous intermediate state with ultrahigh modulus in nanostructured metallic glass
Authors: Luo Qiang , Cui Weiran , Zhang Huaping , Li Liangliang , Shao Liliang , Cai Mingjuan , Zhang Zhengguo , Xue Lin , Shen Jun , Gong Yu , Li Xiaodong , Li Maozi , Shen Baolong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Comprehending the pressure-/temperature-induced structural transition in glasses, as one of the most fascinating issues in material science, is far from being well understood. Here, we report novel polyamorphic transitions in a Cu-based metallic glass (MG) with apparent nanoscale structural heterogeneity relating to proper Y addition. The low-density MG compresses continuously with increasing pressure, and then a compression plateau appears after ∼8.1 GPa, evolving into an intermediate state with an ultrahigh bulk modulus of ∼467 GPa. It then transforms to a high-density MG with significantly decreased structural heterogeneity above ∼14.1 GPa. Three-dimensional atom probe tomography reveals concentration waves of Cu/Zr elements with an average wavelength of ∼5–6 nm, which promote the formation of interconnected ringlike networks composed of Cu-rich and Zr-rich dual-glass domains at nanometer scale. Our experimental and simulation results indicate that steplike polyamorphism may stem from synergic effects of the abnormal compression of the Zr–Zr bond length at the atomic scale and the interplay between the applied pressure and incipient concentration waves (Cu and Zr) at several nanometer scales. The present work provides new insights into polyamorphism in glasses and contributes to the development of high-performance amorphous materials by high-pressure nanostructure engineering.
Correlation between bacterial diversity and flavor substances in Longgang soy sauce
Authors: Yan Yongheng , Zhang Min , Zhang Yingchao , Zhang Xuelin , Zhang Xingrong , Zhao Xiangying , Xu Hui , Huang Yanhong 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Longgang soy sauce is one of the traditional fermented condiments in China, but its bacterial community succession and its unique flavor development during the fermentation process are not well-investigated. This study evaluated the bacterial diversity, flavor changes, and their correlation during the fermentation of Longgang soy sauce. The results showed that Weissella was the dominant bacterial genus in the fermentation stage of sauce fermented grains. In the first 31 days of the moromi fermentation stage, a variety of bacterial genera such as Weissella, Halomonas, Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, and Tetragenococcus were the dominant bacteria. Our results showed that these bacteria have a significantly positive correlation with phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and 3-methyl-1-butanol. As the fermentation progressed, a flora structure with Halomonas as the main bacterial genus was formed. This genus exhibited a significantly positive and positive correlation with 1-octanol, ethyl palmitate, heptanol, and 2-nonanol, which are the unique flavor components of Longgang soy sauce.
Identification of a derivative of the alkaloid emetine as an inhibitor of the YAP–TEAD interaction and its potential as an anticancer agent
Authors: Sekine Saaya , Takase Shohei , Hayase Runa , Noritsugu Kota , Maemoto Yuki , Ichikawa Yasue , Ogawa Kenji , Kondoh Yasumitsu , Osada Hiroyuki , Yoshida Minoru , Ito Akihiro 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
TEAD is a transcription factor responsible for the output of the tumor suppressor Hippo pathway. The transcriptional activity of TEAD requires molecular interaction with its transcriptional coactivator, YAP. Aberrant activation of TEAD is deeply involved in tumorigenesis and is associated with poor prognosis, suggesting that inhibitors targeting the YAP–TEAD system are promising as antitumor agents. In this study, we identified NPD689, an analog of the natural product alkaloid emetine, as an inhibitor of the YAP–TEAD interaction. NPD689 suppressed the transcriptional activity of TEAD and reduced the viability of human malignant pleural mesothelioma and non–small cell lung cancer cells but not the viability of normal human mesothelial cells. Our results suggest that NPD689 is not only a new useful chemical tool for elucidating the biological role of the YAP–TEAD system but also has potential as a starting compound for developing a cancer therapeutic agent that targets the YAP–TEAD interaction.
ecmtool: fast and memory-efficient enumeration of elementary conversion modes
Authors: Buchner Bianca , Clement Tom J , de Groot Daan H , Zanghellini Jürgen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMotivationCharacterizing all steady-state flux distributions in metabolic models remains limited to small models due to the explosion of possibilities. Often it is sufficient to look only at all possible overall conversions a cell can catalyze ignoring the details of intracellular metabolism. Such a characterization is achieved by elementary conversion modes (ECMs), which can be conveniently computed with ecmtool. However, currently, ecmtool is memory intensive, and it cannot be aided appreciably by parallelization.ResultsWe integrate mplrs—a scalable parallel vertex enumeration method—into ecmtool. This speeds up computation, drastically reduces memory requirements and enables ecmtool’s use in standard and high-performance computing environments. We show the new capabilities by enumerating all feasible ECMs of the near-complete metabolic model of the minimal cell JCVI-syn3.0. Despite the cell’s minimal character, the model gives rise to 4.2×109 ECMs and still contains several redundant sub-networks.Availability and implementationecmtool is available at https://github.com/SystemsBioinformatics/ecmtool.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The impact of an extreme climatic event on adder (Vipera berus) demography in southern Sweden
Authors: Madsen Thomas , Loman Jon , Bauwens Dirk , Stille Bo , Anderberg Håkan , Anderberg Lewis , Ujvari Beata 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClimate change has been shown to have significant negative effects on wildlife populations owing to both gradual shifts in mean climatic conditions and an increased frequency of extreme climatic events. Based on a long-term study spanning 40 years, we explore the demographic effect of the exceptionally hot and dry summer of 2018 on the demography of an isolated adder (Vipera berus) population in southern Sweden. In spring 2019, we observed a dramatic decline in adder relative body mass and a concomitant 50% reduction in population size. Our results strongly suggest that the negative impacts on adder demography were the result of a combination of low prey abundance and adder dehydration caused by the extreme climatic conditions during the previous summer. The study provides an example of the significant negative effects of ongoing climate change on vertebrate populations and emphasizes the importance of long-term studies to document the demographic effects of extreme climatic events.
Empowerment or Holding the Child Responsible? An Australian Recovery-Oriented Mental Health Policy Analysis
Authors: Reid Katherine , Alford Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recovery, as a concept is internationally recognised as a means to empower children to manage their own mental health. Recovery-oriented mental health policy production and service delivery in many Western countries, however, occurs in a discursive field influenced by biomedical and neo-liberal discourses. This article uses Critical Discourse Analysis to investigate an Australian policy—'A National Framework for Recovery-Oriented Mental Health Services: Guide for Practitioners and Providers', to critically analyse the competing versions of recovery. The findings reveal ideological slippages at work and show the operation of biomedical, developmental, collaborative, empowerment and responsibilisation discourses that compete in this mental health policy. This article shows how social workers require critical analysis to discern the consequences of different understandings of recovery in the child and youth mental health field. Despite the collaborative and strengths-based language of recovery, the analysis demonstrates the need to recognise the fine line between empowerment and the neo-liberal imperative for children to self-manage their mental health concerns.
Decisions in Child Protection—Heuristics, Law and Organisation
Authors: Ebsen Frank , Svendsen Idamarie Leth , Thomsen Line Pape , Jørgensen Susanne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With theories of heuristics and decision-making ecology as our analytical lens, we examined social work practitioners’ use of heuristics (rules-of-thumb) as a response to real-world situations, emphasising the legal framework and how the work was organised. The data comprised eleven exploratory and follow-up group interviews with thirty-nine social workers and team leaders, observations of 108 decisions in child cases during eighteen meetings, and an analysis of fourteen case files in two Danish municipalities. Open, interpretative coding was used within a systemic approach, using Fish et al. (2008). Three heuristic rules guided decisions in all cases: (i) Form and maintain the first impression. (ii) When in doubt or disagreement, wait. (iii) Avoid parents’ resistance. Key takeaways are that these heuristics help social workers and managers and are connected to satisficing strategies as a natural response to legal and organisational factors. However, the heuristics can also lead to a lack of transparency, delayed interventions and other kinds of bias. We point out the need for understanding such patterns through an extended research to facilitate better and timely feedback to practitioners on their decisions.
Brain-constrained neural modeling explains fast mapping of words to meaning
Authors: Constant Marika , Pulvermüller Friedemann , Tomasello Rosario 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although teaching animals a few meaningful signs is usually time-consuming, children acquire words easily after only a few exposures, a phenomenon termed “fast-mapping.” Meanwhile, most neural network learning algorithms fail to achieve reliable information storage quickly, raising the question of whether a mechanistic explanation of fast-mapping is possible. Here, we applied brain-constrained neural models mimicking fronto-temporal-occipital regions to simulate key features of semantic associative learning. We compared networks (i) with prior encounters with phonological and conceptual knowledge, as claimed by fast-mapping theory, and (ii) without such prior knowledge. Fast-mapping simulations showed word-specific representations to emerge quickly after 1–10 learning events, whereas direct word learning showed word-meaning mappings only after 40–100 events. Furthermore, hub regions appeared to be essential for fast-mapping, and attention facilitated it, but was not strictly necessary. These findings provide a better understanding of the critical mechanisms underlying the human brain’s unique ability to acquire new words rapidly.
Expanded hemodialysis: what’s up, Doc?
Authors: García-Prieto Ana , de la Flor José Carlos , Coll Elisabet , Iglesias Elena , Reque Javier , Valga Francisco 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTIn recent years there has been an increasing interest in expanded hemodialysis (HDx), an emerging renal replacement therapy based on the use of medium cut-off membranes (MCO). Thanks to the internal architecture of these types of membranes, with a higher pore size and smaller fiber inner diameter to favor internal filtration rate, they can increase the removal of larger middle molecules in conventional hemodialysis. Secondarily, several reports suggest that this therapy potentially improve the outcomes for end-stage renal disease patients. However, HDx has not been defined yet and the characteristics of MCO membranes are not well stablished. The aim of this narrative review is to define HDx and summarize the dialyzers that have been used so far to perform this therapy, collect the evidence available on its efficacy and clinical outcomes compared with other hemodialysis techniques and settle the bases for its optimal prescription.
Juror interpretations of metadata and content information: implications for the going dark debate
Authors: Boustead Anne E , Kugler Matthew B 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe rise of consumer encryption has led to a fierce debate over whether the loss of potential evidence due to encryption will be offset by the increase in evidence available from electronic metadata. One major question raised by this debate is how jurors will interpret and value metadata as opposed to content information. Though there are plausible arguments in favor of the persuasive power of each type of evidence, to date no empirical study has examined how ordinary people, potential jurors, view each of these sorts of evidence.We address this issue through a series of survey experiments that present respondents with hypothetical criminal trials, randomly assigning them to descriptions featuring either metadata or content information. These studies show that the relative power of content and metadata information is highly contextual. Content information and metadata can be equally useful when conveying logically equivalent information. However, content information may be more persuasive where the defendant’s state of mind is critical, while metadata can more convincingly establish a pattern of behavior. This suggests that the rise of encryption will have a heterogeneous effect on criminal cases, with the direction of the effect depending on the facts that the prosecution must prove.
Cardiomyocyte deoxyribonucleic acid damage and cardiac recovery in paediatric dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tominaga Yuji , Taira Masaki , Watanabe Takuji , Kugo Yosuke , Hasegawa Moyu , Narita Jun , Ishida Hidekazu , Sakaniwa Ryoto , Ueno Takayoshi , Miyagawa Shigeru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to identify the clinical significance of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage response marker, phosphorylated H2A histone variant X, on the bridge to recovery in low-weight paediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) after having a Berlin Heart EXCOR implanted.

METHODS
Consecutive paediatric patients with DCM who had an EXCOR implanted for DCM at our hospital between 2013 and 2021 were reviewed. Patients were classified into 2 groups according to the degree of DNA damage in the left ventricular cardiomyocytes—the low DNA damage group and the high DNA damage group—using the median value as the threshold. We examined and compared the preoperative factors and histologic findings associated with cardiac functional recovery following the explant procedure in the 2 groups.

RESULTS
Competing outcome analysis of 18 patients (median body weight, 6.1 kg) showed that the incidence of an EXCOR explant was 40% at 1 year after the implant procedure. Serial echocardiography revealed significant left ventricular functional recovery in the low DNA damage group 3 months after the implant. The univariable Cox proportional hazards model revealed that the percentage of phosphorylated H2A histone variant X-positive cardiomyocytes was the significant factor associated with cardiac recovery and the EXCOR explant (hazard ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.027–0.51; P = 0.0096).

CONCLUSIONS
The degree of DNA damage response to the EXCOR implant may aid in predicting the bridge to recovery with EXCOR among low-weight paediatric patients with DCM.
Timing of exercise therapy when initiating adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: a randomized trial
Authors: Scott Jessica M , Lee Jasme , Herndon James E , Michalski Meghan G , Lee Catherine P , O’Brien Kelly A , Sasso John P , Yu Anthony F , Rowed Kylie A , Bromberg Jacqueline F , Traina Tiffany A , Gucalp Ayca , Sanford Rachel A , Gajria Devika , Modi Shanu , Comen Elisabeth A , D'Andrea Gabriella , Blinder Victoria S , Eves Neil D , Peppercorn Jeffrey M , Moskowitz Chaya S , Dang Chau T , Jones Lee W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
The most appropriate timing of exercise therapy to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among patients initiating chemotherapy is not known. The effects of exercise therapy administered during, following, or during and following chemotherapy were examined in patients with breast cancer.

Methods and results
Using a parallel-group randomized trial design, 158 inactive women with breast cancer initiating (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy were allocated to receive (1:1 ratio): usual care or one of three exercise regimens—concurrent (during chemotherapy only), sequential (after chemotherapy only), or concurrent and sequential (continuous) (n = 39/40 per group). Exercise consisted of treadmill walking three sessions/week, 20–50 min at 55%–100% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for ≈16 (concurrent, sequential) or ≈32 (continuous) consecutive weeks. VO2peak was evaluated at baseline (pre-treatment), immediately post-chemotherapy, and ≈16 weeks after chemotherapy. In intention-to-treat analysis, there was no difference in the primary endpoint of VO2peak change between concurrent exercise and usual care during chemotherapy vs. VO2peak change between sequential exercise and usual care after chemotherapy [overall difference, −0.88 mL O2·kg−1·min−1; 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.36, 1.59, P = 0.48]. In secondary analysis, continuous exercise, approximately equal to twice the length of the other regimens, was well-tolerated and the only strategy associated with significant improvements in VO2peak from baseline to post-intervention (1.74 mL O2·kg−1·min−1, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
There was no statistical difference in CRF improvement between concurrent vs. sequential exercise therapy relative to usual care in women with primary breast cancer. The promising tolerability and CRF benefit of ≈32 weeks of continuous exercise therapy warrant further evaluation in larger trials.
Creating a social media strategy for an international cardiothoracic research network: a scoping review
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Bae Tammy , Sochaniwskyj Mark , Sanders Julie , Martorella Geraldine , Wynne Rochelle 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsA cardiac surgery international nursing and allied professional research network titled CONNECT was created to strengthen collaborative cardiac surgery research through shared initiatives including supervision, mentorship, workplace exchange programs, and multi-site clinical research. As with any new initiative, there is a need to build brand awareness to enhance user familiarity, grow membership, and promote various opportunities offered. Social media has been used across various surgical disciplines; however, their effectiveness in promoting scholarly and academic-based initiatives has not been examined. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the different types of social media platforms and strategies used to promote cardiac research initiatives for CONNECT.Methods and resultsA scoping review was undertaken in which a comprehensive and thorough review of the literature was performed. Fifteen articles were included in the review. Twitter appeared to be the most common form of social media used to promote cardiac initiatives, with daily posts being the most frequent type of engagement. Frequency of views, number of impressions and engagement, link clicks, and content analysis were the most common types of evaluation metrics that were identified.ConclusionFindings from this review will inform the design and evaluation of a targeted Twitter campaign aimed at increasing brand awareness of CONNECT, which will include the use of @CONNECTcardiac Twitter handle, hashtags, and CONNECT-driven journal clubs. In addition, the use of Twitter to disseminate information and brand initiatives related to CONNECT will be evaluated using the Twitter Analytics function.RegistrationOpen Science Framework: osf.io/q54es