bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing of High Gain U-Shaped Monopole Antenna using Uniplanar FSS layer for Ultra-Wideband Applications
Authors: DEB PARTHA Kumar , Moyra Tamasi , Bhattacharyya Bidyut Kumar , Devarapalli Ananda Babu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this manuscript, a novel high gain Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) is proposed using frequency selective surface (FSS) dedicated to operate at ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency domain between 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. The patch has been modified to a semi-circular shape and a partial ground technique is incorporated that also comprises a truncated semi-circular metallic plate to achieve desired high bandwidth. The FSS layer beneath the antenna has successfully augmented the gain of the antenna prototype by about 5–6 dBi. This FSS layer comprises of a 4×4 array of uniquely designed unit cells that satisfy the UWB specification and each cell size is 12×12 mm2. The integrated design provides an impedance bandwidth (IB) from 3.14 to 12.6 GHz. The proposed model finds application in the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) band, the C and X-band for satellite applications and in Wireless Local Area Network. The antenna is printed on a double-sided FR4 glass epoxy of 1.6mm thickness. A parametric investigation is conducted both for the FSS unit cell and the integrated design to optimize the antenna parameters to be suitable for the UWB frequency range. The optimized antenna size is 26×30 mm2 and the integrated antenna size is 51×51 mm2. The antenna prototype has provided well similarity between simulated and measured results.
Probability analysis and near-optimal control for a stochastic epidemic treatment model with relapse
Authors: Bouggar Driss , Fatini Mohamed EL , Nasri Bouchra R. , Sekkak Idriss 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Epidemiology is a field for evaluating the sources of illness and clinical effects in communities. Therefore, individuals are viewed globally in order to investigate the dynamics and the control of an infectious disease. However, any governmental spending on a pharmaceutical control policy in times of epidemics can lead to a state budget imbalance. For this matter, we study in this paper stochastic stability and optimization for a treatment strategy, where the infectious disease is characterized by the relapse aspect. We provided a stochastic threshold for extinction and persistence in mean. Then, we established a priori estimates of the optimal control, where we obtained sufficient and necessary conditions for the considered treatment problem of the stochastic epidemic model by applying the maximum condition on the Hamiltonian function and the Ekeland principle. We provide a characterization of stochastic optimal control and sensitivity analysis to discuss its impact on the basic reproduction number with numerical illustrations for the system to carry out our theoretical investigations.
Highly-conserved regulatory activity of the ANR family in the virulence of diarrheagenic bacteria through interaction with Master and Global regulators
Authors: Rodriguez-Valverde Diana , Giron Jorge A. , Nataro James P. , Ruiz-Perez Fernando , Santiago Araceli E , Hu Yang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
ANR (AraC negative regulators) are a novel class of small regulatory proteins commonly found in enteric pathogens. Aar (AggR-activated regulator), the best-characterized member of the ANR family, regulates the master transcriptional regulator of virulence AggR and the global regulator HNS in enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) by protein-protein interactions. On the other hand, Rnr (RegA-negative regulator) is an ANR homolog identified in attaching and effacing (AE) pathogens, including C. rodentium and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), sharing only 25% identity with Aar. We previously found that C. rodentium lacking Rnr exhibits prolonged shedding and increased gut colonization in mice compared to the parental strain. To gain mechanistic insights into this phenomenon, we characterized the regulatory role of Rnr in the virulence of prototype EPEC strain E2348-69 by genetic, biochemical, and human organoid-based approaches. Accordingly, RNA-seq analysis revealed more than 500 genes differentially regulated by Rnr, including the type-3 secretion system (T3SS). The abundance of EspA and EspB in whole cells and bacterial supernatants confirmed the negative regulatory activity of Rnr on T3SS effectors. We found that besides HNS and Ler, twenty-six other transcriptional regulators were also under Rnr control. Most importantly, the deletion of aar in EAEC or rnr in EPEC increases the adherence of these pathogens to human intestinal organoids. In contrast, the overexpression of ANR drastically reduces bacterial adherence and the formation of AE lesions in the intestine. Our study suggests a conserved regulatory mechanism and a central role of ANR in modulating intestinal colonization by these enteropathogens despite the fact that EAEC and EPEC evolved with utterly different virulence programs.
Mechanism Analysis of Zulongding Landslide on Piedmont Slope: a Creeping Landslide Triggered by Rainfall
Authors: Yu Liangchen , Yan Changhong , Guo Shulan , Li Hui , Tan Jinzhong , Liu Gang , Xu Chenghua , Liu Yang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Due to increasing extreme heavy rainfall events, landslides have increased significantly on Piedmont slopes in Jiangsu Province, China, in recent years. The Zulongding landslide is a creeping landslide at the northeastern toe of Fangshan Hill, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, representing a typical slide on Piedmont slope. In July 2016, tension cracks appeared on roads near Zulongding due to rainfall, posing potential safety risks to the scenic area. Although the road cracks were sealed and repaired in time, the Zulongding area has experienced slow sliding, and the cracks are expanding slowly. On October 25, 2016, Zulongding experienced a large-scale, rapid slide caused by continuous heavy rainfall for 16-day as a result of the 2015–2016 EI Nino event. Field investigations, drilling holes, groundwater level monitoring, surface displacement monitoring, and numerical simulation were carried out to determine the geological features, deformation characteristics, sliding mechanism, and failure mode. An analysis of the monitoring data and the simulation results indicated the main reason for the landslide was a rise in pore pressure in the stratigraphic structure. As a result, the uplift pressure increased due to the confined water, decreasing the strength in the silty clay layer above the gravel layer and causing a slide. The deformation consisted of initial deformation, isokinetic deformation, and accelerated deformation. The seepage deformation and pressure balance theories are used to discuss the failure mode of the landslide. The results of this study contribute to safety evaluations and the prevention of similar landslide geological hazards.
A Fast Methodology for Generating Skeletal FEM with Detailed Human Geometric Features based on CPD and RBF Algorithms
Authors: Yuan Qiuqi , Jiang Binhui , Zhu Xiaoming , Hu Jingzhou , Wang Yulong , Chou Clifford C. , Xu Shiwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Due to the significant effects of the human anatomical characteristics on the injury mechanism of passenger in traffic accidents, it is necessary to develop human body FEM (Finite Element Model) with detailed anatomical characteristics. However, traditional development of a human body FEM is an extremely complicated process. In particular, the meshing of human body is a huge and time-consuming project. In this paper, a new fast methodology based on CPD (Coherent Point Drift) and RBF (Radial Basis Function) was proposed to achieve the rapid developing the FEM of human bone with detailed anatomical characteristics. In this methodology, the mesh morphing technology based the RBF was used to generate FEM mesh in the geometry extracted from the target CT (Computed Tomography) data. In order to further improve the accuracy and speed of mesh morphing, the target geometric feature points required in the mesh morphing process were realized via the rapid and automatic generation based on the point-cloud registration technology of the CPD algorithm. Finally, this new methodology was used to generate a 3-year-old ribcage FEM consisting of a total of 27728 elements with mesh size 3–5 mm based on the THUMS (Total Human Model for Safety) adult model. In the entire process of generating this new ribcage model, it only took about 2.7 seconds. The average error between the new FEM and target geometries was only about 2.7 mm. This indicated that the new FEM well described the detailed anatomical characteristics of target geometry, thus importantly revealing that the mesh quality of the new FEM was basically similar to that of source model.
Adenine model of chronic renal failure in rats to determine whether MCC950, an NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, is a renopreventive
Authors: Sabra Mahmoud S. , Hemida Fahmy K. , Allam Essmat A.H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined by a significant decline in renal function that results in decreased salt filtration and inhibition of tubular reabsorption, which ultimately causes volume enlargement. This study evaluated the potential renopreventive effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 in adenine-induced CRF in rats due to conflicting evidence on the effects of MCC950 on the kidney.
Methods: Since the majority of the kidney tubular abnormalities identified in people with chronic renal disease are comparable to those caused by adding 0.75 percent of adenine powder to a rat's diet each day for four weeks, this method has received broad approval as a model for evaluating kidney damage. Throughout the test, blood pressure was checked weekly and at the beginning. Additionally, oxidative stress factors, urine sample examination, histological modifications, and immunohistochemical adjustments of caspase-3 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) levels in renal tissues were carried out.
Results: Results revealed that MCC950, an inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, had a renopreventive effect, which was demonstrated by a reduction in blood pressure readings and an improvement in urine, serum, and renal tissue indicators that indicate organ damage. This was also demonstrated by the decrease in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin tubular expression (NGAL).
The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 was found to significantly alleviate the worsening renal cellular alterations evidenced by increased expression of caspase-3 and IL-1, according to immunohistochemical tests.
Conclusion: The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 demonstrated renopreventive effects in the CRF rat model, suggesting that it might be used as a treatment strategy to stop the progression of CRF.
Emotional Reactivity and Prosocial Behaviour in Response to Witnessing Social Exclusion in Adolescents with Eating Disorders and Healthy Controls
Authors: Rowlands Katie , Simic Mima , Treasure Janet , Cardi Valentina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Prosocial behaviour can promote positive social interactions and it is a key skill in adolescence. People with emotional problems or psychiatric disorders, such as people with eating disorders might have impairments in prosocial behaviour, due to broader documented difficulties in underlying processes (e.g., mentalizing).
Method
The aim of this study was to examine prosocial behaviour in adolescents with eating disorders compared to healthy controls, using a behavioural task. Adolescents with eating disorders (N = 74) and healthy adolescents (N = 65) played a four-player virtual Prosocial Cyberball Game with three pre-programmed avatars. During the task the participant witnessed the exclusion of one of the players, and subsequently had the opportunity to compensate for this by throwing the ball more often to the excluded player. Throughout the game, participants rated the level of negative affect in themselves and in the excluded player.
Results
Both patients and healthy controls made significantly more ball-tosses to the excluded player after witnessing the exclusion, however patients made fewer compared to healthy controls (large effect size). Patients also reported a smaller increase in negative affect after witnessing virtual exclusion (large effect size) and a smaller decrease in negative affect following the compensation round (large effect size). Patients estimated a smaller decrease in negative affect in the excluded player following the compensation round (medium effect size). There were no associations between these outcomes and eating disorder psychopathology in the patient group.
Conclusions
Compared to healthy adolescents, adolescent patients with eating disorders demonstrate less prosocial compensatory behaviour towards a victim of virtual exclusion. In addition, they report flatter negative affect in themselves in response to witnessing and compensating for virtual exclusion, and in the excluded player in response to compensation. If these findings are replicated, interventions to target these difficulties might contribute to improve social functioning in this patient group.
Association between HIV serostatus and premalignant cervical lesions among women attending a cervical cancer screening clinic at a tertiary care facility in southwestern Uganda: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Kirabira Justus , Kayondo Musa , Bawakanya Stephen Mayanja , Nsubuga Edirisa Juniour , Yarine Fajardo , Namuli Alexcer , Namugumya Rita , Natulinda Hilda , Atwine Raymond , Birungi Abraham , Lugobe Henry Mark , Tibaijuka Leevan , Kisombo Dean , Jjuuko Mark , Agaba David Collins , Saturday Pascal , Atupele Subira Mlangwa , Tumusiime Matthew , Migisha Richard , Kajabwangu Rogers 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Uganda has approximately 1.2 million people aged 15–64 years living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Previous studies have shown a higher prevalence of premalignant cervical lesions among HIV-positive women than among HIV-negative women. Additionally, HIV-infected womenare more likely to have their human papilloma virus (HPV) infection progress to cancer than non-HIV-infected women. We determined the prevalence of premalignant cervical lesions and their association with HIV infection among women attending a cervical cancer screening clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) in southwestern Uganda.
Methods: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study of 210 women aged 22–65 years living with HIV and 210 women not living with HIV who were systematically enrolled from March 2022 to May 2022. Participants were subjected to a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire to obtain their demographic and clinical data. Additionally, Papanicolaou smears were taken for microscopy to observe premalignant cervical lesions. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine theassociation between HIV status and premalignant cervical lesions.
Results: The overall prevalence of premalignant cervical lesions in the study population was 17% (n=72; 95% C.I: 14.1-21.4), with 23% (n=47; 95% C.I: 17.8-29.5) in women living with HIV and 12% (n=25; 95% C.I: 8.2-17.1) in women not living with HIV (p<0.003). The most common premalignant cervical lesions identified were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in both women living with HIV (74.5%; n=35) and women not living with HIV (80%; n=20). HIV infection was significantly associated with premalignant lesions (aOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.27–4.42,p=0.007).
Conclusion: Premalignant cervical lesions, particularly LSILs, were more common in HIV-positive women than in HIV-negative women, highlighting the need to strengthen the integration of cervical cancer prevention strategies into HIV care programs.
Presenting a Model to Predict Cracking Rate in Geocomposite-Reinforced Asphalt Overlays Under Different Loading and Temperature Conditions
Authors: Asadi Saeid , Shafabakhsh Gholamali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Asphalt pavements are subjected to the superficial and deep deterioration under the traffic and environmental loadings. Annually, the governments spend huge amounts of money to pavement rehabilitation and maintenance. In this regard, the overlay is one of the facile solutions to improve these infrastructures. However, the deteriorated pavement affects the overlay functional performance by propagating the existed cracks upwards to the placed surface layer. This cracking is due to the stress and strain concentration induced by the loading and temperature variations in the cracked area.. Today, using the asphalt overlays reinforced with geosynthetic interlayers is one of the most effective ways to prevent reflective cracking in the overlays. Accordingly, this paper investigates the effects of the temperature, loading frequency, and geocomposite tensile strengths on the cracking rate of overlay. Afterward, the cracking process and propagation rate are analyzed using image processing technique and statistically. According to the prepared prediction models, the temperature had the greatest effect on the reflective cracking rate among the investigated parameters. Also, the obtained coefficients of determination (R²) and Adjusted R² are equal to 0.9936 and 0.9907, respectively, indicating the satisfactory prediction of the model compared to the real observations.
Low amylose starch from discarded jicama tubers (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.) and its techno-functional characterization
Authors: Garcia-Rios Berenice A. , Morales-Contreras Blanca E. , Peña-Cháidez Joel E. , Fonseca-Florido Heidi A. , Morales-Castro Juliana , Wicker Louise , Rosas-Flores Walfred 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose. The conversion of waste such as discarded jicama (DJ) to value added starch, offers possibility of local economic development and sustainability.
Methods. To evaluate the feasibility of reduced food waste, starch from discarded jicama (DJS) and commercial jicama (CJS) were obtained by a conventional method to compare whether the fact that the discarded product is used influences the yield and characteristics of the starch obtained.
Results. Significant differences in extraction yield were obtained, both starches presented a granule size between 1 and 12 µm, a type C diffraction pattern, amylose content around 14%, a gelatinization temperature of 61 °C to DJS and CJS; however, properties such as water solubility index (WSI), swelling power (SP), and pasting did present some differences, WSI and SP are higher for CJS causing a faster gelatinization process than in DJS.
Conclusion. There are differences in the characteristics of DJS and CJS, particularly it is suggested that DJ does have a significant impact on the internal structure of the starch granule, on the amylopectin fraction mainly.
Structurally Diverse Macrocycle Co-Crystals for Solid-State Luminescence Modulation
Authors: Li Bin , Liu Lingling , Wang Yuan , Li Chunju 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Organic co-crystals offer an opportunity to fabricate of organic functional materials. Traditional co-crystals are generally packed following the segregated or mixed stacking modes, leading to the lack of structural and functional diversity. Herein, we report three sets of macrocycle co-crystals (MCCs) with identical co-constitutions. The MCCs differed in the stoichiometric ratios (2:1, 1:1, and 2:3) of the constituents and molecular packing modes. The MCCs were constructed using triangular pyrene-macrocycle (Pe[3]) and 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) exploiting exo-wall charge-transfer (CT) interactions. Interestingly, the three co-crystals exhibited distinct, tunable emission properties. The corresponding emission peaks appeared at 575, 602, and 635 nm, covering yellow via orange to red. The X-ray diffraction analyses and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed the superstructure-property relationships that was attributed to the formation of different ratios of CT transition states between the donor and acceptor motifs, resulting in red-shifted luminescence.
On Categoricity of Scattered Linear Orders Of constructive Ranks
Authors: Frolov Andrey , Zubkov Maxim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

In this article we investigated the complexity of isomorphisms be-tween scattered linear orders of constructive ranks. We gave the general upperbound and proved that this bound is sharp. Also, we constructed examples show-ing that the categoricity level of a given scattered linear order can be an arbitraryordinal from 3 to the upper bound, except for the case when the ordinal is thesuccessor of a limit ordinal. The existence question of the scattered linear orderswhose categoricity level equals to the successor of a limit ordinal is still open.
Jupiter-like planets are common in a low density environment
Authors: Gratton Raffaele , Mesa Dino , Bonavita Mariangela , Zurlo Alice , Estay Sebastian Marino , Kervella Pierre , Desidera Silvano , D'Orazi Valentina , Rigliaco Elisabetta 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Solar System is dominated by giant planets slightly out of the ice-line (Jupiter-like planets). Radial velocity surveys suggest that the Solar System may be unusual and that Jupiter-like planets have a frequency < 20% around solar type stars. However, Jupiter-like planets may be much more common in one of the closest association in the solar neighbourhood. Indeed, four massive Jupiter-like planets have been already discovered in the nearby young (age ∼ 20 Myr) β Pic Moving Group (BPMG) from high contrast imaging and the presence of at least four others is suggested by high precision astrometry by the ESA Gaia satellite. There are 20 stars in the BPMG in the mass range 1-2.5 M⊙ but four of them have stellar companions at separations that make the orbits of Jupiter-like planets unstable. In addition a large fraction of the Jupiter-like planets are expected to be undetectable with the available data because of their low mass. We conclude that Jupiter-like planets are common wherever their orbits would be stable (best estimate is close to 100% and it is > 58% at 95% level of confidence) in the BPMG. We briefly discuss how the conundrum with the low frequency found by radial velocity surveys can be reconciled.