bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Relevant Content to Inform a Comprehensive Indigenous Health Curriculum: A Scoping Review
Authors: Grawbarger Joshua , Goldberg Corey , Shantz William , Kozlov Slava , Hsu Christman , Dano Brendan , Miller Patricia A. , Smith-Turchyn Jenna 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To identify the entry-level curricular content related to Indigenous health recommended for entry-level physiotherapy (PT) programs in Canada and other similar countries. Methods: Design: Scoping review. Procedures: Four electronic databases were searched using the terms physiotherapy, Indigenous health, entry-level curriculum, and their derivatives. Grey literature sources were hand searched and included Canadian PT professional documents, PT Program websites, Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) sources, and a Google search. Data related to curriculum characteristics, methods of delivery, and barriers and facilitators to implementation were extracted from relevant references. Stakeholders reviewed study findings. Results: Forty-five documents were included. Documents focused on Indigenous peoples in Canada, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in Australia, and Māori in New Zealand. Canadian PT programs appeared to rely on passive teaching methods while programs in Australia and New Zealand emphasized the importance of partnering and engaging with Indigenous people. Barriers to incorporating indigenous health curriculum included an overcrowded curriculum and difficulty establishing relevance of Indigenous content (i.e., meaning). Conclusions: Similarities and differences were found between curricula content and approaches to teaching IH in Canada and the other countries reviewed. Strategies to promote greater engagement of Indigenous people in the development and teaching of IH is recommended.
Development of renal fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and clinical implications
Authors: Denova L. 
Published: September 2023

CKD is a global health concern with significant implications for patients' well-being, morbidity, and mortality. The underlying mechanism of CKD development often involves progressive interstitial fibrosis. Understanding the processes and factors influencing fibrogenesis is crucial. This review aims to analyze recent literature on the pathophysiological mechanisms, early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of renal fibrosis in CKD patients. It explores various aspects of kidney fibrogenesis, highlighting key pathogenic factors and signaling pathways that warrant further investigation.
The review emphasizes the potential of urinary uromodulin (uUmod) as a biomarker for early renal fibrosis diagnosis and delves into the role of anemia, kidney hypoxia, vitamin D, and unique aspects of fibrosis development in diabetic kidney disease patients. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) as a strategy for fibrosis prevention and attenuation.
Information Support of Investor Behavior in the Stock Market
Authors: GERASYMENKO S. 
Published: September 2023

The Ukrainian stock market being at the initial phase of formation, its low performance results in the inattractiveness of the Ukrainian economy for domestic and foreign investment. With poor awareness of theoretical principles underlying stock market operations, participants of the domestic stock market require advanced professional skills and competencies, especially ones related with information support.
In focus of the article are applications of statistical methods in decision-making by investors in the stock market. A detailed description of the stock market performance in Ukraine is given. The barriers on the way to obtaining comprehensive information on partners, subject of transaction and stock market conjuncture in Ukraine are determined. A scheme of statistical support for stock market analysis and forecasting is proposed; the objectives of statistical analysis of the stock market for various investor categories are outlined; the phases of assessment of the issue’s investment attractiveness are determined, with providing its algorithm. The types and causes of risks immanent in the stock market events are summed up.
The proposed approach allows for creating and using statistical information to justify the choice of market segment and a particular issuer whose securities, once purchased, should contribute to the investor’s goal. Statistical assessment of phenomena and processes in the stock market and its modeling and forecasting on the appropriate statistical basis will increase the efficiency of investment, which should have a positive impact on the economic development.
The Accounting of Accrual, Taxation and Payment of Yearly Vacation Leaves To Bussiness Enterprise Employees
Authors: YURCHENKO О. 
Published: September 2023

Because the early vacation leave is a state guarantee of the constitutional right of an employee for his/her recreation, with the right for vacation leave ensured for employees of all business enterprises, both private and public, including the ones hired by entrepreneurs – physical persons, issues of accounting and payment of vacation leaves to business enterprise employees have the priority status in the payroll accounting. The correctness of calculated compensations, including vacation leaves, is a factor regulating the labor discipline in a business enterprise.
The article presents the author’s vision of the procedure of accrual, taxation and payment of the yearly vacation leave in a business to business enterprise employees. The types of vacation leaves fixed in the Labor Code of Ukraine are outlined; the duration of vacation leaves by employee category are shown; the need for monitoring the issues related with granting the yearly vacation leave, and the procedure of its accrual, taxation and payment are elaborated on; the phases of documenting the yearly vacation leave in a business enterprise are determined; the algorithm for calculating the yearly vacation leave is demonstrated. Recommendations on improvements in the documenting and recording of calculations of yearly vacation leave due to business enterprise employees are proposed, which are expected to enhance the recording functions of the payroll accountant and increase the quality of analytical information for decision-making purposes.
The relationship of Adiponctin / Leptin ratio with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Turki Kismat M. , Mohammed Suma H. , Abdul-Qahar Zina H. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease caused by abdominal obesity, such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance.Adiponectin is a protein hormone that modulates a number of metabolic processes, including glucose regulation and fatty acidcatabolism. Adiponectin is exclusively secreted from adipose tissue into the bloodstream. Leptin, a hormone synthesized by fat tissue had been noted to regulate energy balance and metabolism.In this study investigated the relationships of adiponectin/leptin ratio with metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy Iraqi male adults.Objective: This study was designed to investigate the relationship of adiponectin/leptin ratio with metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy Iraqi male adults.Methods: Ninety male subjects were enrolled in study (mean age, 40.97 ± 7.94 years). Serum leptin level and adiponectin level were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. And the presence of metabolic syndrome was assessed.Results: Mean leptinlevel was significantly higher (7.29 ± 0.38 ng/ml), whileadiponectin andadiponectin/leptinratio was significantly lower(4.78 ± 0.24 μg/ml; 0.74 ± 0.07) respectively insubjects with MS. With increasingnumber of metabolic syndrome components, the mean values of leptinincreased and the adiponectin andadiponectin/leptindecreased.Conclusion: adiponectin/leptinratio correlated well with the presence and number of metabolic syndrome components in Iraqi male subjects.
MRI Visible Perivascular Spaces and the Risk of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Community Sample
Authors: Pase Matthew P. , Pinheiro Adlin , Rowsthorn Ella , Demissie Serkalem , Hurmez Saoresho , Aparicio Hugo J. , Rodriguez-Lara Frances , Gonzales Mitzi M. , Beiser Alexa , DeCarli Charles , Seshadri Sudha , Romero Jose Rafael 
Published: September 2023

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible perivascular spaces (PVS) are associated with the risk of incident dementia but their association with the early stages of cognitive impairment remains equivocal. Objective: We examined the association between MRI visible PVS and the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the community-based Framingham Heart Study (FHS). Methods: FHS participants aged at least 50 years free of stroke, cognitive impairment, and dementia at the time of MRI were included. PVS were rated according to severity in the basal ganglia and centrum semiovale (CSO) using established criteria. Cox regression analyses were used to relate PVS to incident MCI adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular variables. Results: The mean age of the sample (1,314 participants) at MRI was 68 years (SD, 9; 54% women). There were 263 cases of incident MCI over a median 7.4 years follow-up (max, 19.8 years). MCI risk increased with higher PVS severity in the CSO. Relative to persons with the lowest severity rating, persons with the highest severity rating in the CSO had a higher risk of incident MCI (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–4.37; p = 0.0007). In secondary analysis, this association seemed stronger in women. Risk of incident MCI was nominally higher for participants with the highest severity grade of PVS in the basal ganglia, though not statistically significant relative to the lowest grade (HR = 2.19; 95% CI, 0.78–6.14; p = 0.14). Conclusions: PVS burden in the CSO may be a risk marker for early cognitive impairment.
Multimodal Machine Learning for 10-Year Dementia Risk Prediction: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Ding Huitong , Mandapati Amiya , Hamel Alexander P. , Karjadi Cody , Ang Ting F.A. , Xia Weiming , Au Rhoda , Lin Honghuang 
Published: September 2023

Background: Early prediction of dementia risk is crucial for effective interventions. Given the known etiologic heterogeneity, machine learning methods leveraging multimodal data, such as clinical manifestations, neuroimaging biomarkers, and well-documented risk factors, could predict dementia more accurately than single modal data. Objective: This study aims to develop machine learning models that capitalize on neuropsychological (NP) tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures, and clinical risk factors for 10-year dementia prediction. Methods: This study included participants from the Framingham Heart Study, and various data modalities such as NP tests, MRI measures, and demographic variables were collected. CatBoost was used with Optuna hyperparameter optimization to create prediction models for 10-year dementia risk using different combinations of data modalities. The contribution of each modality and feature for the prediction task was also quantified using Shapley values. Results: This study included 1,031 participants with normal cognitive status at baseline (age 75±5 years, 55.3% women), of whom 205 were diagnosed with dementia during the 10-year follow-up. The model built on three modalities demonstrated the best dementia prediction performance (AUC 0.90±0.01) compared to single modality models (AUC range: 0.82–0.84). MRI measures contributed most to dementia prediction (mean absolute Shapley value: 3.19), suggesting the necessity of multimodal inputs. Conclusion: This study shows that a multimodal machine learning framework had a superior performance for 10-year dementia risk prediction. The model can be used to increase vigilance for cognitive deterioration and select high-risk individuals for early intervention and risk management.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker Patterns of Change Prior to the Onset of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Sun Yifei , Moghekar Abhay , Soldan Anja , Pettigrew Corinne , Greenberg Barry , Albert Marilyn , Wang Mei-Cheng ,   and the BIOCARD Research Team
Published: September 2023

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are altered many years before the onset of clinical symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Incorporating clinical symptom onset time into biomarker modeling may enhance our understanding of changes preceding MCI. Objective: Using a new analytical approach, we examined patterns of biomarker change prior to MCI symptom onset among individuals who progressed from normal cognition to MCI, stratified based on the age of symptom onset. We also analyzed biomarker patterns of change among participants who remained cognitively normal, and examined potential modifiers of biomarker trajectories, including demographics and apolipoprotein E ( APOE) status. Methods: Analyses included 93 participants who progressed from normal cognition to MCI and 186 participants who remained cognitively normal, over an average follow-up period of 16.2 years. CSF biomarkers, including Aβ42, Aβ40, total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau181 (p-tau181), were measured using the fully automated Lumipulse assays. Results: Among participants who progressed to MCI, Aβ42/Aβ40 decreased, and t-tau and p-tau181 increased. For participants who did not progress to MCI, CSF biomarkers showed relatively stable patterns. In both progressors and non-progressors, APOE4 carriers showed lower Aβ 42/Aβ40 levels (compared to non-carriers) at each point of the mean curves. Among non-progressors, APOE4 carriers had higher levels of p-tau181, p-tau181/(Aβ 42/Aβ40), and t-tau/(Aβ 42/Aβ 40). Additionally, among those who did not progress, female sex was associated with higher levels of t-tau, p-tau181, t-tau/(Aβ 42/Aβ 40), and p-tau181/(Aβ 42/Aβ 40). Conclusions: These findings suggest that this analytic approach may provide additional insights into biomarker changes during early phases of AD.
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Is Associated with Motor, Cognitive, and Emotional Dysfunction in Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Yang Xiao-Li , Guo Yu , Chen Shu-Fen , Cui Mei , Shao Rong-Rong , Huang Yu-Yuan , Luo Yu-Fan , Dong Zhi-Yuan , Dong Qiang , Wu Dan-Hong , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: September 2023

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has not been systematically studied in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Objective: We sought to explore whether MSA patients suffer from a heavier CSVD burden relative to healthy individuals and whether CSVD has a relationship with motor, cognitive, and emotional dysfunction in patients with MSA. Methods: This study consecutively recruited 190 MSA patients and 190 matched healthy controls whose overall CSVD burden and single CSVD imaging markers (including white matter hyperintensity (WMH), microbleeds, lacunes, and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS)) were measured. Of the MSA patients, 118 completed multi-dimensional outcome assessments. Spearman’s correlations and multivariable linear regressions were performed. Results: We observed a greater burden of overall CSVD, WMH, and EPVS in MSA patients compared with controls, but not for microbleeds and lacunes. Motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment were significantly worse in subjects with severe CSVD than those with none-to-mild CSVD. In patients with MSA, the severity of CSVD burden was positively associated with motor impairments as measured by the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale-II (β= 2.430, p = 0.039) and Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (β= 1.882, p = 0.015). Of CSVD imaging markers, different associations with MSA outcomes were displayed. WMH was associated with motor, cognitive, and emotional deficits, while the EPVS in the centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, and hippocampus regions was correlated only with motor severity, anxiety, and cognition, respectively. Similar findings were noted in MSA-cerebellar and MSA-parkinsonian patients. Conclusions: Concomitant CSVD may be correlated with worse multi-dimensional dysfunction in patients with MSA.
Activation of man-made processes in the event of a sharp change in the level of reservoirs and groundwater due to man-made disasters of hydraulic structures
Authors: Rashchenko Andrii , Dyptan Tetiana , Malaman Artur 
Published: September 2023

There are more than 1,100 reservoirs on the territory of Ukraine, which hold about 55.13 km3 of water for the production of electricity, providing water to the population of Ukraine, shipping and fisheries: 43.71 km3 of the Dnipro cascade of reservoirs (including 18.2 km3 of the Kakhov reservoir); 3 km3 Dniester; 8.42 km3 - others. However, in parallel with hydraulic construction and operation of reservoirs, there are problems of preserving ecological balance in nature, as well as complex use of newly formed water bodies and territories bordering them and falling under their influence. The Kakhov reservoir is the second largest in Ukraine. As a result of Russia's military aggression on the territory of Kherson Oblast, a hydrotechnical facility - Kakhovska HPP - was blown up. The result of such criminal actions is the destruction of the dam, the volume and speed of movement of water from the upper beif to the lower depends on the dimensions of the destruction and the parameters of the breakthrough wave - the main factor of damage in a hydrodynamic accident. The destructive action of the breakthrough wave led to a rapid reaction of the geological environment: changes in the hydrogeological regime of the surrounding territory; changes in the stress-strain state, which developed under the conditions of the stabilized state of the existing building; activation of engineering and geological processes - landslides, flooding, manifestation of subsidence properties of loess soils, etc. According to the data of the State Geology and Subsoil Service of Ukraine [1] even before such catastrophic events, the flooding of regions of the territory of Ukraine reached an area of 88.82 thousand km2, the area of landslides was 2148.17 km2. Elimination of the negative consequences of the activation of engineering-geological processes and forecasting their further development largely depend on the timely detection of danger, assessment and forecasting of the degree of geological risk. The article focuses on the analysis of engineering-geological processes before the start of the man-made disaster and covers the periods after, with prognostic assessments for the further resolution of the issue of exiting the critical situation, which requires comprehensive consideration. The possibility of modeling this situation and taking into account the peculiarities of the behavior of the soil environment in such extraordinary conditions will make it possible to carry out such engineering measures that will allow to neutralize the negative impact on the surrounding territory as effectively as possible.
The choice of optimal parameters of the retaining wall of the pit enclosure in conditions of dense construction, taking into account its spatial rigidity
Authors: Nosenko Viktor , Malaman Artur 
Published: September 2023

The results of the study of the interaction of the pit enclosure made of flexible retaining walls, arranged in the conditions of dense construction, with the soil foundation are presented.
Calculations were carried out by the method of numerical modeling, using the Plaxis software complex. The modeling is performed in a three-dimensional space, which provides an opportunity for a comprehensive assessment of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the elements of the system "soil array - retaining walls - structures of existing buildings" when using complex configurations of retaining walls and taking into account the factor of their spatial stiffness.
For the analysis of the results, 4 characteristic sections were chosen. Modeling was performed taking into account the following stages:
1) the initialization stage (formation of the soil massif in its natural state);
2) installation of a retaining wall;
3) alternate development of the pit to the design mark;
4) load from the building at the stage of operation.
Based on the results of the calculations, the SSS analysis of the elements of the system "soil massif - retaining walls - structures of existing buildings" was performed, and the reinforcement of the retaining walls was selected, and the costs of the main materials were determined.
It is shown that taking into account the spatial stiffness of the retaining wall of the pit enclosure makes it possible to more effectively estimate the SSS of the retaining wall structure, more correctly estimate the additional deformations of neighboring buildings, due to taking into account the change in the stiffness of the retaining wall of a complex configuration, and therefore, in the future, to more effectively design the constructions of retaining walls.
According to the results of the calculations, it is shown that retaining walls made in 2 rows in a staggered order, with piles with a diameter of 420 mm, have greater rigidity than retaining walls made in 1 row with piles with a diameter of 620 mm. Therefore, in order to reduce additional subsidence of neighboring buildings and reduce horizontal movements of the retaining wall, the option of the retaining wall made by placing piles in a staggered order is a priority in conditions of dense construction.
Armature costs for option 1 are 46% higher compared to option 2. These results indicate that the 2nd option of installing a retaining wall is a more economical solution, however, in conditions of dense construction, its use is limited, since the settlement of neighboring buildings in this case will be greater, due to the lower rigidity of the retaining wall.