bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of acute liver injury following the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use
Authors: Wong Carlos King Ho , Mak Lung Yi , Au Ivan Chi Ho , Cheng Wing Yiu , So Ching Hei , Lau Kristy Tsz Kwan , Lau Eric Ho Yin , Cowling Benjamin J. , Leung Gabriel M. , Yuen Man Fung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundElevations in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were reported as adverse events of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir users in the EPIC‐HR trial.AimTo quantify the risk and severity of acute liver injury (ALI) associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use.MethodsThis self‐controlled case‐series study was conducted using electronic medical records of patients with confirmed diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection between 26th February 2022 and 12th February 2023 in Hong Kong.ResultsAmong 2 409 848 patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during the study period, 153 853 were prescribed with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, of whom 834 (.5%) had incident ALI (moderate: 30.5%; moderate to severe: 18.9%; severe or fatal: 5.8%). Compared with the non‐exposure period, risk of ALI increased significantly during the pre‐exposure period (IRR = 38.13, 95% CI = 29.29–49.62) and remained elevated during the five‐day nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment (IRR = 20.75, 95% CI = 17.06–25.25) and during wash‐out period (IRR = 16.27, 95% CI = 13.23–20.01). Compared to the pre‐exposure period, risk of ALI was not increased during the five‐day nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment period (IRR = .54, 95% CI = .43–.70). Compared to 5469 non‐nirmatrelvir/ritonavir users with incident ALI, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir users had less severe ALI by the severity index (p < .001) and peak INR (1.7 vs. 2.3; p < .001). ALI cases with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use had lower risk of all‐cause death (29.1% vs. 39.1%; OR = .64; p < .001) and no increase in risk of liver decompensation (1.0% vs. 1.3%; OR = .62; p = .230) compared to non‐users.ConclusionThe risk of ALI associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment for COVID‐19 was elevated in the pre‐exposure period, but not following nirmatrelvir/ritonavir initiation. ALI following nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment were mostly mild and less severe than ALI events in non‐nirmatrelvir/ritonavir users.
Iterative application of generative adversarial networks for improved buried pipe detection from images obtained by ground‐penetrating radar
Authors: Chun Pang Jo , Suzuki M. , Kato Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGround‐penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used to determine the location of buried pipes without excavation, and machine learning has been researched to automatically identify the location of buried pipes from the reflected wave images obtained by GPR. In object detection using machine learning, the accuracy of detection is affected by the quantity and quality of training data, so it is important to expand the training data to improve accuracy. This is especially true in the case of buried pipes that are located underground and whose existence cannot be easily confirmed. Therefore, this study developed a method for increasing training data using you only look once v5 (YOLOv5) and StyleGAN2‐ADA to automate the annotation process. Of particular importance is developing a framework for generating images by generative adversarial networks with an emphasis on images that are challenging to detect buried pipes in YOLOv5 and add them to a training dataset to repeat training recursively, which has greatly improved the detection accuracy. Specifically,F‐values of 0.915, 0.916, and 0.924 were achieved by automatically generating training images step by step from only 500, 1000, and 2000 training images, respectively. These values exceed theF‐value of 0.900, which is obtained from training by manually annotating 15,000 images, a much larger number. In addition, we applied the method to a road in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, and confirmed that the method can detect the location of buried pipes with high accuracy on a real road. This method can contribute to labor‐saving training data expansion, which is time‐consuming and costly in practice, and as a result, the method contributes to improving detection accuracy.
The Bursaphelenchus xylophilus candidate effector BxLip‐3 targets the class I chitinases to suppress immunity in pine
Authors: Qiu Yi‐Jun , Wu Xiao‐Qin , Wen Tong‐Yue , Hu Long‐Jiao , Rui Lin , Zhang Yan , Ye Jian‐Ren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLipase is involved in lipid hydrolysis, which is related to nematodes' energy reserves and stress resistance. However, the role of lipases in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a notorious plant‐parasitic nematode responsible for severe damage to pine forest ecosystems, remains largely obscure. Here, we characterized a class III lipase as a candidate effector and named it BxLip‐3. It was transcriptionally up‐regulated in the parasitic stages of B. xylophilus and specifically expressed in the oesophageal gland cells and the intestine. In addition, BxLip‐3 suppressed cell death triggered by the pathogen‐associated molecular patterns PsXEG1 and BxCDP1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, and its Lipase‐3 domain is essential for immunosuppression. Silencing of the BxLip‐3 gene resulted in a delay in disease onset and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of pathogenesis‐related (PR) genes. Plant chitinases are thought to be PR proteins involved in the defence system against pathogen attack. Using yeast two‐hybrid and co‐immunoprecipitation assays, we identified two class I chitinases in Pinus thunbergii, PtChia1‐3 and PtChia1‐4, as targets of BxLip‐3. The expression of these two chitinases was up‐regulated during B. xylophilus inoculation and inhibited by BxLip‐3. Overall, this study illustrated that BxLip‐3 is a crucial virulence factor that plays a critical role in the interaction between B. xylophilus and host pine.
Prone position ventilation for the relief of acute respiratory distress syndrome through improved pulmonary ventilation: Efficacy and safety
Authors: Liao Xianyong , Meng Lu , Zeng Zhongyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAt present, there is a preliminary clinical consensus that prone position ventilation (PPV) is beneficial to the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and further research on the details of treatment and patients' benefits will help to assess its effectiveness and safety.AimTo evaluate the timing, efficacy, and safety of different mechanical ventilation positions (MVP) in treating ARDS.Study DesignThe results of clinical trials were directly or indirectly compared by network meta‐analysis to compare the effects of different MVP. Two authors independently searched the papers published in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biomedical Discs (CBM), WanFang, and VIP database from January 2000 to August 2022. The outcome indicators were oxygenation index, mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, in‐hospital mortality, and incidence of adverse events. Two authors independently screened the literature, evaluated the quality of the studies, and completed the data extraction. Stata 14.0 was used to conduct a network Meta‐analysis, and the intervention measures were ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). Funnel plots were drawn to evaluate publication bias.ResultsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 75 studies (including 6333 patient data) were finally included. According to the analysis results, PPV was the best for improving the oxygenation index. The SUCRA values of mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, and in‐hospital mortality were ranked as PPV > lateral position ventilation (LPV) > supine position ventilation (SuPV) > semireclining position ventilation (SePV). The SUCRA values in the incidence of adverse events were ranked as LPV > PPV > SuPV > SePV. All outcome measures had good consistency and low statistical heterogeneity. Funnel plot analysis shows that papers reported within three days of mechanical ventilation time, over five days of mechanical ventilation time, and in‐hospital mortality were more likely to have publication bias.ConclusionsPPV has the best effect on improving the oxygenation index, reducing mechanical ventilation time, shortening ICU hospitalization time, and reducing in‐hospital mortality. Early and long‐term use of PPV to improve pulmonary ventilatory function will be the key to improving patients' survival and quality of life with ARDS.Relevance to clinical practicePPV significantly affects patients with ARDS, which can shorten the treatment time and reduce hospital costs. During the treatment, nursing observation should be strengthened to prevent adverse events.
First study to assess the reliability of commonly used pain scales in children with disorders of gut‐brain interaction
Authors: Ginton Lee , Nurko Samuel , Di Lorenzo Carlo , Saps Miguel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are no validated measures to assess chronic abdominal pain (AP) in clinical trials of children with disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBIs). Currently used AP measures are extrapolated from studies on adults or children with acute AP. The primary aim of the study was to assess the commonly used pain scales in children with DGBIs. The secondary aim of the study was to compare specific pain measures with the overall subjective assessment of AP well‐being in children.MethodsA sub‐study from multicenter crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted. Children with AP‐DGBIs completed daily diaries for 7 weeks. It included three widely used AP scales: the numeric rating scale (NRS), the visual analog scale (VAS), the Faces Pain Scale Revised (FPS‐R), and a global improvement question. Strength of correlations among scales and questions was assessed with the Pearson correlation coefficient (r).Key ResultsThirty subjects completed the study. Children completed 4975 of 5880 (84.6%) pain and global responses. The VAS and NRS had strongest correlation among them, r = 0.893 (p < 0.001). The FPS‐R also demonstrated strong correlations with the VAS r = 0.773 (p < 0.001), NRS = 0.783 (p < 0.001). The three scales exhibited weaker but significant correlations with the global question. Strong correlations were consistent when stratified by age groups.ConclusionThis is the first study to assess the most used AP scales in children with DGBIs. It supports the Rome IV recommendations on using the VAS and NRS scales. It also suggests that FPS‐R, that was not part of Rome IV, can also be used in RCTs. Congruent with the biopsychosocial model, there was a weaker correlation between AP measures and the global question. This suggests that the global question measures more domains than AP alone and that it should also be incorporated in DGBIs RCTs in children.
Melatonin attenuates dental pulp stem cells senescence due to vitro expansion via inhibiting MMP3
Authors: Zhang Zeying , Bao Yandong , Wei Penggong , Yan Xiaoyuan , Qiu Qiujing , Qiu Lihong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to identify the crucial genes involved in dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) senescence and evaluate the impact of melatonin on DPSC senescence.MethodsWestern blotting, SA‐β‐Gal staining and ALP staining were used to evaluate the senescence and differentiation potential of DPSCs. The optimal concentration of melatonin was determined using the CCK‐8 assay. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in DPSC senescence were obtained via bioinformatics analysis, followed by RT–qPCR. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies were conducted to explore the role of MMP3 in DPSC in vitro expansion and in response to melatonin. GSEA was employed to analyse MMP3‐related pathways in cellular senescence.ResultsTreatment with 0.1 μM melatonin attenuated cellular senescence and differentiation potential suppression in DPSCs due to long‐term in vitro expansion. MMP3 was a crucial gene in senescence, as confirmed by bioinformatics analysis, RT–qPCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies revealed that MMP3 played a regulatory role in cellular senescence. Rescue assays showed that overexpression of MMP3 reversed the effect of melatonin on senescence. GSEA revealed that the MMP3‐dependent anti‐senescence effect of melatonin was associated with the IL6‐JAK‐STAT3, TNF‐α‐Signalling‐VIA‐NF‐κB, COMPLEMENT, NOTCH Signalling and PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathways.ConclusionMelatonin attenuated DPSC senescence caused by long‐term expansion by inhibiting MMP3.
Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita: Incidence of extracutaneous manifestations and a proposed clinical definition
Authors: Downey Camila , Metry Denise , Garzon Maria C. , Morales Luz Karem , Baselga Eulalia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesCutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a capillary malformation characterized by congenital, reticulated, well‐demarcated dark blue, red‐purple, or violaceous macules or plaques, with a coarse fixed livedo pattern. Nearly always, contiguous areas of skin atrophy and/or ulceration are present. CMTC is usually localized but may rarely be generalized. Such generalized cases may be a feature of Adams‐Oliver syndrome (AOS). The nosologic confusion surrounding the term CMTC and uncertainty about the risk of associated abnormalities hinders the appropriate workup of patients and prognostic counseling for families. We hypothesized that the risk of associated anomalies in children with localized CMTC is very low.MethodsWe performed a literature review and retrospective review of patients with CMTC to propose a more precise clinical definition and ascertain the risk of associated anomalies.ResultsWe included 78 patients determined to have a diagnosis of CMTC based on consensus. The majority of patients had localized CMTC. Most patients with generalized CMTC met the criteria for the diagnosis of AOS. The associations found in patients with localized CMTC were mostly dermatological, with atrophy, ulcerations, or erosions present in 71%. Extracutaneous findings were present in 34.4% of patients and consisted mainly of extremity asymmetry (24.5%) that improved over time.ConclusionOur study showed a very low frequency of extracutaneous anomalies among patients with localized CTMC, ipsilateral limb discrepancy being the most common. We did not find a strong association with any other visceral anomalies that would justify routine evaluation in patients with localized CMTC.
Effectiveness of biologic therapies in children with palmoplantar plaque psoriasis: An analysis of real‐life data from the BiPe cohorts
Authors: Hanafi Bochra , Beauchet Alain , Di Lernia Vito , Lasek Audrey , Severino‐Freire Maëlla , Barbarot Sébastien , Hadj‐Rabia Smail , Phan Alice , Bursztejn Anne‐Claire , Maruani Annabel , Chaby Guillaume , Quiles‐Tsimaratos Nathalie , Phan Céline , Zitouni Jinane , Mazereeuw‐Hautier Juliette , Mahé Emmanuel ,   Groupe de Recherche sur le Psoriasis (GrPso) of the Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), Groupe de Recherche de la Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique (GR SFDP), and Società Italiana di Dermatologia Pediatrica (S.I.Der.P.)
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPalmoplantar plaque psoriasis is a frequent clinical subtype of childhood psoriasis. This study evaluated the effectiveness of biologic therapies in children with palmoplantar plaque psoriasis using data from the two Biological treatments for Pediatric Psoriasis (BiPe) cohorts.MethodsData for all 170 patients included in the BiPe cohorts were analyzed. Data on the effectiveness (PGA, PASI between baseline and 3 months of treatment) of biologic therapies were then compared between children with palmoplantar plaque psoriasis (n = 20) and those with generalized plaque psoriasis (n = 136). Clinical and demographic data were also analyzed.ResultsChildren in the palmoplantar group were more likely to be male (p = .04), with an earlier age of psoriasis onset (p < .001), and more frequent nail involvement (p < .001). After 3 months of biologic treatment, mean PGA scores were higher in the palmoplantar group than in the generalized plaque psoriasis group (p = .004). In the palmoplantar group, continuation rates were higher for adalimumab than for etanercept or ustekinumab (p = .01). Primary inefficacy was a more frequent reason for stopping biologic therapies in the palmoplantar group (p = .01), and disease remission was less frequent (p = .05). Combined systemic and biologic therapies were more frequently used in palmoplantar plaque psoriasis (p < .001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the treatment‐resistant nature of palmoplantar plaque psoriasis and indicated that adalimumab could be the most effective biologic treatment. Larger studies are needed to allow therapeutic algorithms for palmoplantar plaque psoriasis to be proposed in pediatric psoriasis management guidelines.
Evaluation of the effect of a nurse navigation program developed for postpartum mothers on maternal health: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Öztoprak Pınar Uzunkaya , Koç Gülten , Erkaya Salim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effects of a nurse navigation program on the capability for self‐care, quality of life, risk of anxiety and depression, and severity of the physical symptoms of postpartum mothers.MethodsThis prospective, parallel‐group, randomized controlled study included 64 primiparous pregnant women (32 women each in the intervention and control groups) at ≥36 gestational weeks admitted to the pregnancy outpatient clinic of a public hospital in Turkey. The intervention group received navigation program‐based nursing care comprising three home visits, four phone calls, and five text messages aside from the standard hospital care during delivery and the postpartum period. Meanwhile, the control group received only the standard hospital care during delivery and the postpartum period. Data were collected using a sociodemographic data form, the Self‐Care Power Scale, the Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Instrument (MPQoL‐I), the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Postpartum Physical Symptom Severity Scale.ResultsMean scores for the capability for self‐care and quality of life were higher, while those for the risk of depression and anxiety were lower for the intervention group than the control group (p < .05).ConclusionsNavigation program‐based care provided to primiparous mothers improved maternal health.
Kisspeptin promotes follicular development through its effects on modulation of P450 aromatase expression and steroidogenesis in sheep ovarian follicles
Authors: Venkata Ratna S. , Prasada Rao T. , Pathipati Deepa , Chaitanya Kumar T. V. , Rambabu Naik B. , Siva Kumar A. V. N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study was conducted to ascertain whether the role of kisspeptin in promoting in vitro development of preantral follicles was through the regulation of P450 aromatase gene expression and steroidogenesis in sheep. Accordingly, the cumulus cells and oocytes were collected from different development stages of preantral follicles grown in vivo and cultured in vitro in TCM199B (Group I), TCM199B + KP (10 μg/mL) (Group II) and Standard medium + KP (10 μg/mL). To measure the steroid (Estradiol‐17β; E2 and Progesterone; P4) synthesis through ELISA, spent culture medium was collected separately from the same in vitro groups. E2 synthesis in the spent medium collected from all the three groups showed an increasing trend from PFs' exposed to respective culture media for 3 min to 2‐day culture stage but decreased thereafter till 6‐day culture stage. This is followed by a sharp increase in E2 concentration in the spent medium collected after in vitro maturation. However, P4 synthesis in group III followed increased pattern as the development progressed from PFs' exposed to culture medium for 3 min to in vitro maturation stage. The steroid production was observed at all stages of in vitro development in altered supplemented conditions. The steroid synthesis in the spent medium was highest in the 6 day cultured PFs' in Standard medium + KP matured in vitro for 24 h. Therefore, supplementation of kisspeptin along with other growth factors promoted steroid production in cultured preantral follicles far better than in other media.
Tracing the sedimentary response to the rifting and opening of the Meso‐Tethys Ocean
Authors: Fan Jian‐Jun , Zhang Bo‐Chuan , Niu Yaoling , Luo An‐Bo , Hao Yu‐Jie 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTKnowledge of the rifting and opening process of the Meso‐Tethys Ocean is important for understanding the evolution of the Tethys tectonic domain and for an in‐depth understanding of Tethys dynamics. Sedimentary rocks are faithful recorders of surface expressions of tectonic events and are thus expected to have recorded the rifting and opening of the Meso‐Tethys Ocean. This study presents petrography, sedimentology, zircon U–Pb geochronological data and Hf isotope data for the Carboniferous–Permian Shiquanhe stratigraphic succession in the Lhasa Terrane of the Tibetan Plateau. The data indicate that the 300 to 273 Ma Lagar and Angjie formations in the lower section of the Carboniferous–Permian Shiquanhe succession were deposited in the stable passive margin of northern Gondwana with sediment sources in Gondwanaland. However, the 273 to 252 Ma Xiala Formation in the upper section of the Carboniferous–Permian Shiquanhe succession was deposited in a tectonically active setting characterized by intense magmatic activity. Considering the transition from the Lagar and Angjie formations to the Xiala Formation, a significant change in depositional setting from tectonically stable to tectonically active occurred at ca 273 Ma. Similar Early–Middle Permian changes in depositional setting have also been identified in the South Qiangtang, Baoshan and Oman regions in the Tethyan tectonic domain. These widespread changes in depositional setting, together with Early–Middle Permian tectonic uplift and episodes of subsidence, as well as rift‐related magmatism in the South Qiangtang, Baoshan, Himalayan, Zagros, Oman and Turkey regions once located in northern Gondwana, constitute a complete record of continental rifting–ocean opening associated with the diachronous opening of the Meso‐Tethys Ocean during the Early–Middle Permian.
Development of a novel microneedle platform for biomarker assessment of atopic dermatitis patients
Authors: Lee Keun Ho , Kim Jung Dong , Jeong Do Hyeon , Kim Su Min , Park Chang Ook , Lee Kwang Hoon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose pathogenesis, cause, and treatment have been extensively studied. The association of AD with Th2 cytokines is well known; therefore, the analysis of this association is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of AD. This study aimed to present a new method for measuring protein biomarkers in patients with AD, before and after treatment, using minimally invasive microneedles.Materials and methodsFirst, hyaluronic acid‐loaded microneedle patches (HA‐MNs) for skin sample collection were fabricated. Next, after Institutional Review Board approval, 20 patients with AD were recruited and skin samples were taken before and after treatment using four different sampling techniques: (1) tape stripping, (2) hydrocolloid patches, (3) hollow microneedles, and (4) HA‐MNs. Lastly, proteins were isolated from the collected samples, and AD‐related biomarkers were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsProteins were successfully extracted from the skin samples collected by tape stripping, hydrocolloid patches, and HA‐MNs, except hollow microneedles. Interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐13, and interferon‐γ were detected in the HA‐MNs only. By comparing the biomarker level correlation before and after treatment and the improvement score of the patients, we observed a significant negative correlation between IL‐4 and IL‐13 with an improvement in AD symptoms.ConclusionOverall, our results verified that HA‐MNs can be used to effectively analyze protein levels of biomarkers from skin metabolites of patients with AD and can be applied to monitor the treatment progress of patients with AD in a minimally invasive manner.