bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translation and validation of the Role Checklist into the Malay version among retirees
Authors: Mohamad Sabri Mohamad Qayum , Syakir Menon Qistina Taqifa , Mohd Razali Nur Farahim Aisyah , Dahlan Akehsan , Thurasamy Ramayah , Che Daud Ahmad Zamir 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Retirees undergo role transition after leaving their job. Hence, occupational therapists may assess retirees’ roles to identify their current roles’ satisfaction and anticipation. As Malaysian culture and language differed from the origin of the Role Checklist, this study aimed to translate and validate the Role Checklist into the Malay version cross-culturally. Methodology: A forward–backwards translation was conducted, followed by pilot testing among 9 experts and 20 retirees. A cross-sectional study was done among 122 Malaysian retirees to identify the translated instrument’s test–retest reliability, discriminant and convergent validity. Findings: The Role Checklist – Malay achieved almost perfect Average Content Validity Index (0.95–0.98) and Average Face Validity Index (0.92–0.96), good to excellent test–retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.654–0.976, and moderate to perfect agreement of Cohen’s kappa (0.620–1.00). Additionally, there were significant differences in the total number of roles ( p < 0.001) and total desired future roles ( p < 0.001) between retirees living in the community and institution. The total number of roles was positively correlated with the SWLS – Malay ( rs = 0.593, p < 0.001), EQ-5D-3L – Malay ( rs = 0.366, p < .001) and MSPSS – Malay ( rs = 0.314, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Role Checklist – Malay was a valid and reliable instrument among Malaysian retirees.
Within-person fluctuations over three years in depression, anxiety, fatigue, and health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Marrie Ruth Ann , Bernstein Charles N , Dolovich Casandra , Bolton James M , Graff Lesley A , Hitchon Carol A , Lix Lisa M , Marriott James J , Fisk John D 
Published: August 2023

Background: Longitudinal studies of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are limited. Most have examined average changes within the population, rather than dynamic changes within individuals. Objective: To assess the between- and within-individual association between depression, anxiety, fatigue, cognition, physical functioning, and physical comorbidities and HRQoL. Methods: Adults with MS underwent physical and cognitive assessments and reported symptoms of fatigue (Daily Fatigue Impact Scale), depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)), and HRQoL (RAND-36) annually ( n = 4 visits). We evaluated associations of elevated symptoms of anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D), fatigue, physical function (timed-walk and nine-hole peg test), cognitive function and comorbidity count with physical (PCS-36) and mental (MCS-36) HRQoL using multivariable linear models—estimating between-person and within-person effects. Results: Of 255 participants with MS enrolled, 81.6% were women. After adjustment, within-person increases in depression and fatigue were associated with decreases in physical HRQoL. Increases in depression, anxiety, and comorbidity count were associated with decreases in mental HRQoL. Conclusions: Within-person increases in symptoms of depression, anxiety and fatigue, and comorbidity count are associated with HRQoL decreases among adults with MS, highlighting the potential magnitude of individual benefit of intervention for these symptoms.
Anesthetic management for lower extremity vascular bypass procedures: The impact of general or regional anesthesia on clinical outcomes
Authors: Schmidt André P. , Del Maschi Marine M. , Andrade Cristiano F. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose Postoperative complications after major surgery, especially vascular procedures, are associated with a significant increase in costs and mortality. Previous studies evaluating general anesthesia versus regional or neuraxial anesthesia for infrainguinal bypass have produced conflicting results. The main aim of the present study is to review current evidence on the application of regional or general anesthesia in patients undergoing infrainguinal bypass surgery and its potential favorable effects on postoperative outcomes. Contents Patients undergoing vascular surgery often have multiple comorbidities, and it is important to outline both benefits and risks of regional anesthesia techniques. Neuraxial anesthesia in vascular surgery allows overall avoidance of general anesthesia and does provide short-term benefits beyond analgesia. Previous observational studies suggest that neuraxial anesthesia for lower limb revascularization may reduce morbidity and length of stay. However, evidence of long-term benefits is lacking in most procedures and further work is still warranted. Conclusions Neuraxial anesthesia is usually an effective anesthesia technique for infrainguinal bypass surgery. Elderly patients and those with underlying respiratory problems may display some benefit from neuraxial anesthesia. Further evaluation within institutions should be performed to identify which patients would most benefit from regional techniques. Notably, systemic antithrombotic and anticoagulation therapy is common among this population and may affect anesthetic choices.
Effects of the discharge plan on the caregiving load of people with chronic disease: Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Carvajal Carrascal Gloria , Fuentes Ramírez Alejandra , Pulido Barragán Sandra Patricia , Guevara Lozano Maryory , Sánchez-Herrera Beatriz 
Published: August 2023

Hospitalization due to non-transmissible chronic disease (NTCD) affects people and health institutions negatively. Healthcare systems need integral strategies to minimize this impact. Objective To determine the effect of an anticipated care plan, structured around hospital discharge (PC-AH-US), regarding the caregiving load of people with NTCD residing in Colombia, 2019–2021. Method This is a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention measurements. It includes 1170 participants who represented 585 chronic disease patient–caregiver pairs. We compared the PC-AH-US intervention, to the regular intervention. Results The PC-AH-US intervention group showed better results in all dimensions when compared to the regular intervention group: Awareness 8.7 (SD: 0.7) and 6.8 (SD: 1.7); Acknowledgement of their unique conditions 11.3 (SD: 1.0) and 9.4 (SD: 1.8); Capacity to fulfill care tasks 8.8 (SD: 0.7) and 7.5 (SD: 1.5); Wellbeing 11.4 (SD: 0.90) and 8.87 (SD: 2.3); Anticipation 5.88 (SD: 0.4) and 4.7 (SD: 1.1) and Support Network 11.4 (SD: 0.8) and 9.9 (SD: 2.5). Conclusion The PC-AH-US intervention group showed a statistically significant decrease in the caregiving load for people with NTCD ( p < 00). There were no significant institutional differences in readmissions or deaths. The PC-AH-US intervention backs institutional policies meant to care for people with NTCD.
Cost effectiveness of a telerehabilitation intervention vs home based care for adults with severe neurologic disability: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Duruflé Aurélie , Le Meur Claire , Piette Patrice , Fraudet Bastien , Leblong Emilie , Gallien Philippe 
Published: August 2023

Context Several options are available for the care of neurological conditions including care delivered in rehabilitation centres, at home or remotely. While economic studies are available comparing centres and homes, very little economic data relates to mobile teams comparing face-to-face and remote care. Objective To conduct an economic study comparing face-to-face care at home and care delivered remotely (tele-rehabilitation). Method A randomised clinical study with two groups; a control group receiving home care and an experimental group receiving tele-rehabilitation. The primary outcome measure was the ICER (Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio). Participants Patients with severe neurological disabilities Results 80 patients were enrolled in the study; 77 were analysed to calculate the ICER, which was positive and located in the SW quadrant. A bootstrap with 1000 replications was positioned at 72.8% in the SW quadrant. Conclusion Tele-rehabilitation is an acceptable alternative to the management of neurological patients at home. In the mildest cases, remote-rehabilitation may even be dominant. More extensive studies are needed to specify the indications.
Prospective Associations Between Fear of Falling, Anxiety, Depression, and Pain and Functional Outcomes Following Surgery for Intertrochanteric Hip Fracture
Authors: Kalem Mahmut , Kocaoğlu Hakan , Duman Berker , Şahin Ercan , Yoğun Yener , Ovali Sancar A. 
Published: August 2023

Objective Fear of falling, anxiety, depression, and pain levels are important risk factors for poor functional outcomes that may potentially be modifiable. We aimed to examine prospective associations between those factors following surgery for intertrochanteric hip fracture. Methods This study is a prospective observational cohort study of patients aged over 65 diagnosed with isolated intertrochanteric hip fracture. Three hundred and seventy patients who underwent intramedullary fixation surgery were screened; 188 cases were included in our final evaluation. Patients with any concomitant fracture, major psychiatric/neurocognitive and neurological disorders and those with any other major disease were excluded from the study. Age, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores on the day of surgery (baseline) were evaluated as predictors of poor/good outcome at 90 days after surgery, by Harris Hip Score (HHS) with a cut-off score of 70. Results HHS score was significantly predicted at baseline by the full model [χ2 (7) = 18.18, P = .01]. However, only STAI-state scores were significantly added to the model [Exp (B) 95% CI: .92 (.86-.99)]. Conclusions In this prospective cohort study, we found that higher levels of anxiety state on the day of surgery predicts a poor outcome at 90 days following surgery. We did not find significant associations between other variables, including age, GDS, STAI-trait, FES-I, VAS, and CCI. This potentially modifiable psychological factor may inform surgeons and could be a potential mediator. Future prospective studies are needed to replicate these findings. Level of evidence Prognostic level I.
Load-induced increase in muscle activity during 30° abduction in patients with rotator cuff tears and control subjects
Authors: Croci Eleonora , Warmuth Fabian , Baum Cornelia , Kovacs Balazs Krisztian , Nüesch Corina , Baumgartner Daniel , Müller Andreas Marc , Mündermann Annegret 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Rotator cuff muscles stabilise the glenohumeral joint and contribute to the initial abduction phase with other shoulder muscles. This study aimed to determine if the load-induced increase in shoulder muscle activity during a 30° abduction test is influenced by asymptomatic or symptomatic rotator cuff pathologies.

Materials and Methods
Twenty-five patients with unilateral rotator cuff tears (age, 64.3 ± 10.2 years), 25 older control subjects (55.4 ± 8.2 years) and 25 younger control subjects (26.1 ± 2.3 years) participated in this study. Participants performed a bilateral 30° arm abduction and adduction movement in the scapular plane with handheld weights (0–4 kg). Activity of the deltoid, infraspinatus, biceps brachii, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and upper trapezius muscles was analysed at maximum abduction angle after normalisation to maximum voluntary contraction. Shoulders were classified into rotator cuff tendinopathy, asymptomatic and symptomatic rotator cuff tears, and healthy based on magnetic resonance images. A linear mixed model (loads, shoulder types) with random effects (shoulder identification) was applied to the log-transformed muscle activities.

Results
Muscle activity increased with increasing load in all muscles and shoulder types (P < 0.001), and 1-kg increments in additional weights were significant (P < 0.001). Significant effects of rotator cuff pathologies were found for all muscles analysed (P < 0.05). In all muscles, activity was at least 20% higher in symptomatic rotator cuff tears than in healthy shoulders (P < 0.001). Symptomatic rotator cuff tears showed 20–32% higher posterior deltoid (P < 0.05) and 19–25% higher pectoralis major (P < 0.01) activity when compared with asymptomatic tears.

Conclusions
Rotator cuff pathologies are associated with greater relative activity of shoulder muscles, even with low levels of additional load. Therefore, the inclusion of loaded shoulder tests in the diagnosis and rehabilitation of rotator cuff pathologies can provide important insight into the functional status of shoulders and can be used to guide treatment decisions.
Level of evidence: Level 2.
Trial registration: Ethical approval was obtained from the regional ethics committee (Ethics Committee Northwest Switzerland EKNZ 2021-00182), and the study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov on 29 March 2021 (trial registration number NCT04819724, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04819724).
Comparison of 6 DNA extraction methods for isolation of high yield of high molecular weight DNA suitable for shotgun metagenomics Nanopore sequencing to detect bacteria
Authors: Gand Mathieu , Bloemen Bram , Vanneste Kevin , Roosens Nancy H. C. , De Keersmaecker Sigrid C. J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) offers an accessible platform for long-read sequencing, which improves the reconstruction of genomes and helps to resolve complex genomic contexts, especially in the case of metagenome analysis. To take the best advantage of long-read sequencing, DNA extraction methods must be able to isolate pure high molecular weight (HMW) DNA from complex metagenomics samples, without introducing any bias. New methods released on the market, and protocols developed at the research level, were specifically designed for this application and need to be assessed.

Results
In this study, with different bacterial cocktail mixes, analyzed as pure or spiked in a synthetic fecal matrix, we evaluated the performances of 6 DNA extraction methods using various cells lysis and purification techniques, from quick and easy, to more time-consuming and gentle protocols, including a portable method for on-site application. In addition to the comparison of the quality, quantity and purity of the extracted DNA, the performance obtained when doing Nanopore sequencing on a MinION flow cell was also tested. From the obtained results, the Quick-DNA HMW MagBead Kit (Zymo Research) was selected as producing the best yield of pure HMW DNA. Furthermore, this kit allowed an accurate detection, by Nanopore sequencing, of almost all the bacterial species present in a complex mock community.

Conclusion
Amongst the 6 tested methods, the Quick-DNA HMW MagBead Kit (Zymo Research) was considered as the most suitable for Nanopore sequencing and would be recommended for bacterial metagenomics studies using this technology.
SMC1A facilitates gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via promoting SNAIL activated EMT
Authors: Liu Yaling , Fang Xianrui , Wang Qianqian , Xiao Da , Zhou Ting , Kang Kuo , Peng Zhenyu , Ren Feng , Zhou Jingyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1 A (SMC1A) is a crucial subunit of the cohesion protein complex and plays a vital role in cell cycle regulation, genomic stability maintenance, chromosome dynamics. Recent studies demonstrated that SMC1A participates in tumorigenesis. This reseach aims to explore the role and the underlying mechanisms of SMC1A in gastric cancer (GC).

Materials and methods
RT-qPCR and western blot were used to examine the expression levels of SMC1A in GC tissues and cell lines. The role of SMC1A on GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were analyzed. Furthermore,the mechanism of SMC1A action was investigated.

Results
SMC1A was highly expressed in GC tissues and cell lines. The high expression of SMC1A indicated the poor overall survival of GC patients from Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Enhancing the expression of SMC1A in AGS cells remarkably promoted cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, migration and invasion, Conversely, knockdown of SMC1A in HGC27 cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, it’s observed that SMC1A promoted EMT and malignant cell behaviors via regulating SNAIL.

Conclusion
Our study revealed that SMC1A promotes EMT process by upregulating SNAIL, which contributes to gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Therefore, targeting SMC1A may be a potential strategy to improve GC therapy.
Exercise snacking to improve physical function in pre-frail older adult memory clinic patients: a 28-day pilot study
Authors: Western Max J. , Welsh Tomas , Keen Kristen , Bishop Vanessa , Perkin Oliver J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Finding innovative yet feasible ways of preventing physical and cognitive decline in those at risk is a critical global challenge, with exercise being championed as a key precursor to robust health in later life. Exercise snacking, here defined as short bouts of sporadic [muscle-strengthening] exercise, is one such strategy designed to overcome typical participation barriers observed in older adults. This study examined the acceptability of exercise snacking amongst pre-frail older adults and explored the efficacy of this approach in improving physical function.

Methods
In this single group design, 21 pre-frail outpatients with mild-cognitive impairment were recruited from a UK memory clinic. To be eligible, participants were aged ≥ 65-years who scored 3–8 (inclusive) on the short physical performance battery (SPPB) and were not regularly engaging in sport or exercise. Participants completed a 28-day, twice daily, exercise snacking intervention, consisting of five muscle-strengthening exercises, with the aim being to complete as many repetitions as possible of each exercise in a minute. Acceptability of the intervention was measured quantitatively and qualitatively using a survey and topic guide informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Pre- and post-intervention physical function was measured using the SPPB, timed up-and-go (TUG), and 60s standing balance and sit-to-stand tests.

Results
Eighteen participants provided follow-up data and showed 85% adherence to the exercise snacking intervention, measured as the proportion of all sessions completed out of a possible 56. Participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable (4.6/5) suggesting it supported their self-efficacy (4.3/5) was enjoyable (4.1/5) and had a low burden (2.1/5). Qualitative findings suggested the ease of use, flexibility of the programme, and perceived effectiveness was important, and particularly useful for non-exercisers. Changes in SPPB score (8(1) vs. 9(3), p < 0.01), TUG (11.32(4.02) vs. 9.18(5.25) seconds, p < 0.01) and in the 60-second sit-to-stand test (17 ± 5 vs. 23 ± 7 repetitions, p < 0.01) were seen between baseline and follow-up.

Conclusions
Exercise snacking is an acceptable and potentially efficacious format of exercise for pre-frail memory clinic attendees who are at heightened risk of falling and frailty. Large scale randomised controlled trials are required to confirm whether exercise snacking is effective in the short and long term.

ClinicalTrials.gov registration
NCT05439252 (30/06/2022)
Effect of antimicrobial de-escalation strategy on 14-day mortality among intensive care unit patients: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study with inverse probability-of-treatment weighting
Authors: zhao Kai , zhang Zhengliang , liang Ying , wang Yan , cai Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial de-escalation (ADE) strategy and assess its effect on 14-day mortality among intensive care unit patients.

Methods
A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with infectious diseases between January 2018 and December 2020. Patients were stratified into three groups based on the initial treatment regimen within 5 days of antimicrobial administration: ADE, No Change, and Other Change. Confounders between groups were screened using one-way ANOVA and Chi-square analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for 14-day mortality. Potential confounders were balanced using propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the effect of ADE strategy on 14-day mortality.

Results
A total of 473 patients met the inclusion criteria, with 53 (11.2%) in the ADE group, 173 (36.6%) in the No Change group, and 247 (52.2%) in the Other Change group. The 14-day mortality rates in the three groups were 9.4%, 11.6%, and 21.9%, respectively. After IPTW, the adjusted odds ratio for 14-day mortality comparing No Change with ADE was 1.557 (95% CI 1.078–2.247, P = 0.0181) while comparing Other Change with ADE was 1.282(95% CI 0.884–1.873, P = 0.1874).

Conclusion
The prevalence of ADE strategy was low among intensive care unit patients. The ADE strategy demonstrated a protective effect or no adverse effect on 14-day mortality compared to the No Change or Other Change strategies, respectively. These findings provide evidence supporting the implementation of the ADE strategy in ICU patients.
Risk analysis of COVID-19 hospitalization and critical care by race and region in the United States: a cohort study
Authors: Jimbo Mitsuki , Saito Sakae , Uematsu Takayuki , Hanaki Hideaki , Otori Katsuya , Shibuya Kiyoshi , Ando Wataru 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to identify the current risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 severity and examine its association with medication use.

Methods

We used data from a large United States electronic health record database to conduct an anonymized cohort study of 171,491 patients with coronavirus disease 2019. The study was conducted from January 1, 2020, to August 27, 2021. Data on age, race, sex, history of diseases, and history of medication prescriptions were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model analysis to calculate hazard ratios for hospitalization and severe risk.

Results
Factors that increased the risk of hospitalization and critical care were age ≥ 65 years, male sex, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, interstitial pneumonia, and cardiovascular disease. In particular, age ≥ 65 years significantly increased the risk of hospitalization (hazard ratio, 2.81 [95% confidence interval, 2.58–3.07]; P < 0.001) and critical care (hazard ratio, 3.45 [2.88–4.14]; P < 0.001). In contrast, patients with hyperlipidemia had a reduced risk. However, patients with hyperlipidemia who were not taking statins had a significantly increased risk of hospitalization (hazard ratio, 1.24 [1.16–1.34]; P < 0.001). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, glucocorticoids, and statins significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization and critical care. The risk of hospitalization and critical care increased in patients of all ethnicities with type 2 diabetes. The factors that significantly increased the risk of hospitalization in all regions were older age, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion
This study identified factors that increase or reduce the risk of severe coronavirus disease. The provision of appropriate drug treatment and modification of lifestyle-related risk factors may reduce coronavirus disease severity.