bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol dimer, Gnetin-C, inhibits the growth and virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Yokose Mako , Ikeda Yuichi , Komatsu Keiji , Shiba Takahiko , Tanaka Daiki , Takeuchi Yasuo , Iwata Takanori 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Gnetin-C, a dimer of resveratrol, is a polyphenol that has been reported to have various health-promoting effects. In periodontal tissue, Gnetin-C has also been demonstrated to promote alveolar bone healing in animal experiments. However, its effects on bacteria have not yet been investigated. In this study, we have compared the effect of Gnetin-C, monomeric resveratrol, and Melinjo seed extract, the source of Gnetin-C, on the periodontopathic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and examined its mechanism of action. The results illustrated that Gnetin-C more strongly inhibited bacterial growth, bacterial cell adhesion, and biofilm binding than monomeric resveratrol. Melinjo seed extract also displayed greater effectiveness than monomeric resveratrol but lower effectiveness than Gnetin-C. RNA sequencing analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction highlighted marked changes in the gene expression profiles of P. gingivalis. The expression of genes related to fimbriae, iron metabolism, protease, and amino acid and vitamin metabolic pathways were significantly suppressed, whereas a significant increase in the expression of oxidative stress-related genes was observed. Reactive oxygen species levels were also significantly decreased by Gnetin-C treatment. These results revealed that Gnetin-C could inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis while may also attenuate its pathogenesis.
Soybean triggers morphological responses of tomato roots by modifying P capture under low P condition
Authors: Zhang Xiu , Yan Jingfan , Zhou Xingang , Liu Xinxin , Wu Fengzhi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Plant roots alter morphology to respond nutrients and neighbors, but whether neighbors influence the root architecture by modifying the availability of N and P nutrients is still unclear. Here we aimed to screen intercropping plants that cause changes in tomato root architecture and explore the role of nutrients.
Methods
We carried out the experiments of tomato-neighbor interactions to survey root morphological responses of target tomato seedlings. Then we investigated root plastic response to intercropping soybean under different P (0, 100, 200 mg P205 kg− 1 soil) or N (0, 100, 200 mg N kg− 1 soil) levels. In addition, we investigated the effects and physiological mechanisms of intercropping soybean on P capture of tomato seedlings.
Results
The intercropping soybean changed the horizontal symmetry of tomato roots, the dry weight and total root length of tomato roots in the ‘Toword’ region were significantly higher than those in the ‘Away’ region, while other intercropping plants did not. P rather than N levels, significantly affected the phenotypic plasticity of tomato roots in soybean intercropping systems. Under phosphorus deficiency condition, tomato roots showed a tendency to soybean. This phenomenon disappeared when the P supply increased in the soil. Under low P condition, intercropped soybean significantly increased the P concentration of tomato plants and the available P content of rhizosphere soil. Compared with tomatoes, soybean roots secreted more acid phosphatase, protons and organic acids.
Conclusions
Soybean triggers morphological responses of tomato roots through modifying P capture mediated by root exudates under low P condition.
Determinants of antibody responses after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in older persons. The Doetinchem Cohort Study
Authors: Kuijpers Yunus , Picavet H. Susan J. , de Rond Lia , de Zeeuw-Brouwer Mary-lène , Rutkens Ryanne , Gijsbers Esther , Slits Irene , Engelfriet Peter , Buisman Anne-Marie , Verschuren W. M. Monique 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune responses to vaccination vary widely between individuals. The aim of this study was to identify health-related determinants of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in older persons. We recruited participants in the long-running Doetinchem Cohort Study (DCS) who underwent vaccination as part of the national COVID-19 program, and measured antibody concentrations to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S1) and Nucleoprotein (N) at baseline (T0), and a month after both the first vaccination (T1), and the second vaccination (T2). Associations between the antibody concentrations and demographic variables, including age, sex, socio-economic status (SES), comorbidities (cardiovascular diseases and immune mediated diseases), various health parameters (cardiometabolic markers, inflammation markers, kidney- and lung function) and a composite measure of frailty (‘frailty index’, ranging from 0 to 1) were tested using univariate and multivariate models.
Results
We included 1457 persons aged 50 to 92 years old. Of these persons 1257 were infection naïve after their primary vaccination series. The majority (N = 954) of these individuals were vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer) and their data were used for further analysis. A higher frailty index was associated with lower anti-S1 antibody responses at T1 and T2 for both men (rT1 = -0.095, pT1 = 0.05; rT2 = -0.11, pT2 = 0.02) and women (rT1 = -0.24, pT1 < 0.01; rT2 = -0.15, pT2 < 0.01). After correcting for age and sex the frailty index was also associated with the relative increase in anti-S1 IgG concentrations between the two vaccinations (β = 1.6, P < 0.01). Within the construct of frailty, history of a cardiac catheterization, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, a cognitive speed in the lowest decile of the population distribution, and impaired lung function were associated with a lower antibody response after both vaccinations.
Conclusions
Frailty plays a key role in the primary vaccination response to the BNT162b2 vaccine within an ageing population. Frail older persons have a lower immune response after their first vaccination, and while they see a stronger increase after their second vaccination compared to healthy people, they still have a lower antibody response after their second vaccination.
Heat and Mass transfer characteristics of natural and synthetic polymeric fibrous assemblies using Infrared (IR) Imaging
Authors: Abbas Adeel , Anas Muhammad Sohaib , Ashraf Waqas , khan Tabrej , Sebaey Tamer A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Plaited jersey fabrics are always engineered to enhance the thermal conductivity characteristics, providing thermal equilibrium among the wearer and clothing. However, these can also be architected with higher thermal resistance/heat insulation characteristics and is a crucial area of interest. The study focuses on developing plaited jersey gloves using Thermolite, Acrylic, and Wool yarns in alternative main and plaiting configurations. Thermal characterizations were conducted to ascertain heat and mass transfer properties, such as fluid transmission and thermal resistance. Infrared (IR) imaging visualized heat retention in terms of temperature gradients. Mechanical characteristics, such as pilling and bursting, were assessed to determine the gloves durability to physical abrasions and stresses. Thermolite knitted gloves possessed superior heat and mass transfer properties with improved fluid transmission and thermal resistance. Infrared imaging revealed the highest body temperature rise of 34.43oC for Thermolite, and mechanical properties were also found adequate. Fluid transfer (air permeability) was acquired highest for wool samples (1770mm/sec); however, Thermolite exhibited 28% lower air permeability than wool, validating its heat retention. Thermolite knits with the lowest areal density of 226 g/m2 and the smoothest Thermolite surface had the highest OMMC index of 0.46 due to generated capillaries. The statistical analysis of the characterization data indicated the significance (p-value < 0.05) of the main and plating yarns, proving the plaiting a solution to achieve desired heat and mass transfer characteristics.
Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Right Ventricle Contractile Function and its Coupling to Pulmonary Circulation in Hypertensive Patients using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Hassan Ayman Khairy M. , Dimitry Salwa Roshdy , Hussein Aliaё AR Mohamed , Bakhiet Mary Zakher , Osman Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We studied the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using apnea-hypopnea indexes (1) and its effect on right ventricular function using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and right ventricle – pulmonary artery coupling (RV-PA) circulation in OSA. All adult hypertensive patients diagnosed OSA referred to our hospital were included. 120 patients got detailed echocardiography with tissue doppler imaging (TDI) and CMR in the same day within 3 months of diagnosis. Patients were sub-divided into 3 groups according to AHI: mild OSA (17.8%), moderate OSA (35.6%) and severe OSA (46.6%). The CMR derived end diastolic (ED) and systolic (ES) volumes showed no significant difference between 3 groups. However, RV ejection fraction (EF) (44 ± 3.6% vs. 50 ± 3.7% and 52 ± 1.4%; P < 0.001) and stroke volume (SV) (44 ± 2.6ml vs. 53 ± 9.4ml and 59 ± 9.6ml; P < 0.001) showed significant reduction among severe OSA. A strong negative correlation was observed between AHI and both RVEF (r= -0.83, P < 0.001) and RVSV (r= -0.71, P < 0.001). RV-PA coupling was impaired in all OSA patients by both formulas derived from CMR volumes and from echocardiography. RV–PA coupling showed inverse relationship with the severity of OSA (1.09 ± 0.1, 1.03 ± 0.2, 0.78 ± 0.1, 1.94 ± 0.3 in Mild-/Moderate-/Severe-OSA/Controls, P < 0.001). In conclusion both CMR derived RV function and RV-SV have inverse relationship with the severity of OSA based on AHI. Non-invasive RV-PA coupling showed inverse relationship with the severity of OSA. (NCT03267667)
Induction of altered states of consciousness during Floatation-REST is associated with the dissolution of body boundaries and the distortion of subjective time
Authors: Hruby Helena , Schmidt Stefan , Feinstein Justin , Wittmann Marc 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) is a sensory isolation technique where subjects are immersed in an environment without sound or light while they float in thermoneutral water that is supersaturated with Epsom salt. Here we investigated the relationship between altered states of consciousness (ASC) and its association with the affective changes induced by Floatation-REST. Using a within-subject crossover design, 50 subjects were randomized to either 60 minutes of Floatation-REST or 60 minutes of Bed-REST. ASC was assessed using the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI), the Perceived Body Boundaries Scale (PBBS), and visual analogue scales targeting time perception. Emotional changes were assessed both before and after each REST session. Compared to Bed-REST, Floatation-REST significantly reduced perceived body boundaries and distorted time perception. Two subscales of the PCI showed stronger ASC during Floatation-REST versus Bed-REST. Subjects felt more relaxed, less anxious, and less tired after Floatation-REST. Dissolution of body boundaries mediates anxiety reduction, revealing a novel anxiolytic mechanism.
Communication breakdown! How information loss affects behavioral responses in the Great-Billed Seed-Finch, Sporophila maximiliani (Thraupidae: Passeriformes)
Authors: Santos Gabriela Sales dos , Leal Lara Louredo , Nomura Fausto 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Communication is a central process in animals' interactions and the transmission of information depends on the signal quality. As signals degrade, the resulting loss of information has the potential to increase the ambiguity about the interaction context. Thus, the information loss has the potential to generate stress and motivational conflict, as has already been demonstrated for anuran species. We tested whether the information loss affects the behavioral response of Sporophila maximiliani using (i) a playback experiment, to simulate an acoustic signal, and (ii) a mirror experiment, to simulate a visual signal. We found that the quality of the acoustic signal and, therefore, the quality of information, affected the behavior of the species. The degradation of the acoustic signal increased the emission of maintenance behaviors, which suggests an increase in stress and a state of motivational conflict. Also, calls’s modulation from lower to higher peak frequency indicates that fear is driving such behavioral changes. Conversely, the degradation of visual signal resulted in lower stress, with a decrease in alert and maintenance behaviors displays. We found that the signal degradation and the loss of information can change the motivational state of S. maximiliani when exposed to degraded acoustic signals and result in a motivational conflict due to the ambiguity of the interaction context. The emission of maintenance behaviors as displacement activities is an indicator of the higher stress endured by the individuals exposed to partially degraded signals. Furthermore, a partially comprehensible signal is more harmful than a totally degraded one.
Epidemiological Investigation and Bioinformatics Analysis of PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Yuan Zhongmao , Sun Yawei , Niu Xinni , Zeng Weijun , Yan Quanhui , Du Pengfei , Xie Kaiyuan , Fang Yiqi , Fan Shuangqi , Chen Jinding 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
• Background:
Reproductive disorders and multiple organ damage in pigs can be caused by various pathogens. Among them, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) and Type 3 (PCV3) have coexisted in Chinese pig farms for over 20 years. Recently, the emergence of new outbreaks of these three viruses indicates possible changes in their genetic characteristics.
• Results:
We conducted detection and isolation of suspected PRRSV and Porcine Circovirus(PCV) infections from multiple pig farms in Guangdong Province between 2020 and 2022. The sample positivity rates for PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 reached 33.2% (75/226), 37.6% (85/226), and 7.5% (17/226), respectively. Bioinformatics analysis of the isolated variant strains revealed their alignment with the current dominant epidemic trends. PRRSV strains were mainly composed of HP-PRRSV and NADC30-like, and notably, all isolated strains were wild-type, including three recombinant strains and seven highly virulent strains. PCV2 exhibited high genetic variability, primarily in the form of subtypes 2b and 2d, while PCV3, in comparison, demonstrated more stability and was concentrated in PCV3a-IM.
• Conclusions:
In conclusion, this study provides the latest investigative and analytical data on the epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PRRSV, PCV2, and PCV3 in Guangdong Province, emphasizing their significant practical implications for disease prevention and control.
Comparison of the hybrid of radiative transfer model and machine-learning methods in leaf area index of grassland mapping
Authors: qin Gexia , Wu Jing , Li Chunbin , Meng Zhiyuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The leaf area index (LAI) of grassland is critical for estimating the balance of livestock and livestock production, understanding the dynamics of climate change, and providing feedback for achieving sustainable development. The currently available LAI products have some uncertainties and need to be further improved. Previous studies proposed that integrating the physical model and machine-learning (ML) has great potential for the rapid and accurate retrieval of grassland LAI. However, there are few comparative studies on LAI forecast models for different grassland cover to assess the potential of the different hybrid models. Therefore, in this study, five hybrid models based on PROSAIL and ML including Deep Neural Network (DNN), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (GBRT), Support Vector Machine (SVR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and five mixed models averaging are applied to compare the performance with different forecast models for grassland LAI estimation in Tianzhu County. According to the multiple training, validation and testing, the results demonstrate that five mixed models averaging and DNN model with a complex network structure are reliable and have higher accuracy and better performance than the estimates from the other four hybrid models, except for its computational efficiency. SVR achieves the best performance in computational efficiency, which it has great potentials to deliver near-real-time operational products for grassland LAI management. Our results show that the hybrid model based on machine learning algorithm coupled with physical process model has great application potential in grassland leaf area index inversion.
Prescriptive appropriateness of direct oral anticoagulants in older subjects with atrial fibrillation discharged from acute medical wards.
Authors: De Vincentis Antonio , Soraci Luca , Arena Elena , Sciacqua Angela , Armentaro Giuseppe , Aucella Francesco , Corsonello Andrea , Aucella Filippo , Incalzi Raffaele Antonelli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background. Knowledge on the prescriptive practice of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in older subjects with atrial fibrillation (AF) hospitalized in acute medical wards is limited.
Objective. To evaluate the prevalence and appropriateness of DOAC prescriptions in hospitalized older subjects with AF, discharged from acute medical wards.
Methods. We analyzed a cohort of 609 subjects with AF, aged 65 years or more (mean age 85 years) and enrolled in 39 geriatric and nephrology acute wards in Italy. DOAC prescriptive appropriateness was evaluated according to the summary of product characteristics (smPC), 2019 Beers and STOPP criteria, and drug-drug interactions (DDIs).
Results. At hospital discharge, 33% of patients with AF were prescribed with DOAC, 26% with vitamin-K antagonist, while 41% didn’t receive any anticoagulant. Among subject on DOAC therapy, 31% presented a violation of the smPC criteria (mainly leading to an underdosage -17%-), while 48% and 18% presented a Beers/STOPP inappropriate prescription, or a DDI, respectively. Older age, lower body mass index (BMI), cancer and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were independently associated with DOAC underdosage or missed prescription (age: aOR 1.06, 95%CI 1.00-1.12 for underdosage; eGFR: aOR 1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.07 for underdosage; BMI: aOR 0.95, 95%CI 0.91-0.99 for missed prescription; cancer: aOR 1.93, 95%CI 1.19-3.13 for missed prescription).
Conclusions. This study showed a suboptimal DOAC prescriptive practice in older in-patients, with frequent missed prescription and DOAC underdosage. In apparent contrast with current recommendation, treating physicians seem to be over-concerned by bleeding risk in real-life older and frailer subject. Strategies should be developed to promote appropriate DOAC prescription in the hospital setting.
Synthesis of blue-emitting polyvinylpyrrolidone coated copper nanoclusters for sensitive detection of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and rosmarinic acid
Authors: Kuang Jianhua , Hu Qingqing , Feng Yao , Yuan Jingxue , cheng zhengjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this article, the water-soluble blue-light-emitting copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were prepared by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ascorbic acid as templating and reducing agents severally. Optimization of synthesis conditions of PVP-CuNCs were studied and analyzed. It had good specificity and exceptional sensitivity detection for sodium dichloroisocyanurate (DCCNa)/rosmarinic acid (RA), with a linear response range of 0.03–2.4/0.03–0.9 µM and corresponding LOD value of 10.77/8.98 nM. Moreover, the fluorescent reaction mechanisms of the PVP-CuNCs-DCCNa and PVP-CuNCs-DCCNa-RA systems were discussed, and the sensing probe could be effectively used for the determination of DCCNa and RA in genuine samples, whose results were acceptable.
Top 0.001%, innovation, and the global warming in the United States
Authors: Bojaj Martin M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study analyzes the consequences of innovation in the US. Specifically, we study the connectedness of the top 0.001% national income inequality share (T 0,001%), innovation, and global average temperature (GAT). Contrary to assumptions, the innovations have increased social and economic income inequality and GAT. Increasing the bottom 50% of the national income share is the only stabilizer, saving the planet. We conclude that innovation apparatus policies should not be based only on conventional assumptions and reveal the mechanism of key gaps by a prudential authority.
JEL classifications: O31, D63, Q54, C53, E61
Growth Parameters and Stock Assessment of Carangoides bajad Forsskal, 1775 (Carangiformes: Carangidae) in Jeddah Fisheries
Authors: Gabr Mohamed H. , Al-Sofyani Abdul Mohsin A. , Ba-Akdah Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The current status of Carangoides bajad population in Jeddah fisheries was assessed by estimating the growth parameters, based on age determination using vertebrae as hard structures, and current levels of fishing mortality and size at first capture, then applying the results to estimate the current levels of yield and biomass per recruit. The length-weight relationship could be described by the power equation: W = 0.012 L3.003 (R2 = 0.99) for males, W = 0.011 L3.031 (R2 = 0.99) for females, and W = 0.011 L3.019 (R2 = 0.99) for combined sexes, and the exponent values for both sexes were not significantly different from the value ‘3’ of the isometric growth. Von Bertalanffy Growth parameters (L∞, K and t0) for sexes combined (pooled data) were estimated and found to be L∞ = 71.53 cm, K = 0.224 year− 1, and to = -0.52 year. The total ‘Z’, natural ‘M’, fishing ‘Fcur’ mortality coefficients and current exploitation ‘Ecur’ were calculated to be Z = 0.72 year− 1, M = 0.337 year− 1, F = 0.383 year− 1, and E = 0.53 year− 1. Beverton and Holt (1957) model was used to estimate the yield (Y) and biomass (B) per recruit (R) at the current levels of fishing mortality and age at first capture and found to be Y/R = 291 g and B/R = 759 g. Compared with the two yield-based biological reference points Fmax = 0.56 year− 1 and F0.1 = 0.346 year− 1, the current fishing mortality was very close to the value of F0.1 required to get the optimum yield per recruit. The current spawning potential ratio ‘SPR’ was estimated to be 28.3% of the virgin (unfished) spawning stock biomass per recruit ‘SSBR’, which can sustain sufficient recruitment to the fishery. We recommend avoiding any increase in the current level of fishing mortality, and at the same time increasing the age at first capture from 1.94 to 3.0 years to increase the biomass per recruit from 759 g (SPR = 28.3%) to 793 g (SPR = 33.1%), which increase probability of sustaining sufficient recruitment to the fishery of C. bajad in Jeddah fisheries.
Nanostructured metallic multilayer for superior fatigue strength of welded joints – a new post-weld treatment
Authors: Brunow Jakob , Spalek Niclas , Mohammadi Fawad , Rutner Marcus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Welded joints exhibit fatigue failure potential from weld geometry and characteristics of the heat affected zone. In order to counteract fatigue, structures and components require larger thicknesses resulting in heavier designs exhausting the finite natural resources. We hereby introduce a novel post-weld treatment, which postpones or even prevents fatigue failure of the welded connection. A Cu/Ni nanostructured metallic multilayer (NMM) is applied via electrodeposition and a 300% − 600% increase in usable lifetime compared to the untreated weld is observed. A FAT class 190 with a slope of k = 6 is proposed for the design of NMM treated butt welds. Material mechanisms responsible for the fatigue strength increase are introduced herein. A case study shows that the design of offshore wind turbine support structures applying NMM post-weld treatment enables a lifetime extension as well as a 28% weight reduction compared to the structure without post-weld treatment.