bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PGL: A short-time model for ship trajectory prediction
Authors: Chen Hao , Zhu Daqi , Chen Mingzhi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ship trajectory prediction plays a critical role in collision detection and risk assessment. To enhance prediction accuracy and efficiency, a novel hybrid particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and grey wolf optimisation (GWO) long, short-term memory (LSTM) network model is proposed (PGL model). The hybrid PSO-GWO optimisation method combines the algorithm's strengths and offers improved stability and performance. The hybrid algorithm is employed to optimise the hyperparameters of the LSTM neural networks to enhance prediction accuracy and efficiency. To demonstrate the superiority of the PGL model, the LSTM, PSO-LSTM and PGL are applied to the same dataset, and then prediction performance and processing time are compared. Experimental results indicate that the proposed PGL algorithm outperforms prediction accuracy and optimisation time.
Life and death under son preference: Economic stress, fertility, and early-life mortality in rural Spain, 1800–1910
Authors: Marco-Gracia Francisco J. , Beltrán Tapia Francisco J. , Luque de Haro Víctor A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Based on longitudinal micro data from 13 Spanish rural villages between 1800 and 1910, this paper assesses whether discriminatory practices affected fertility and sex-specific mortality in infancy and childhood during economic crises. Our contribution is twofold. On the one hand, there is a connection between short-term economic stress, fertility, and sex ratios at baptism: high-price years were followed by a decline in the number of registered baptisms and by an increase in sex ratios at baptism. These results, therefore, suggest that families mortally neglected a significant fraction of their female babies during economic crises. On the other hand, there is a connection between short-term economic stress, mortality, and sex ratios at death. Using death registers further supports this interpretation, since our evidence shows that the female biological advantage was not visible after an economic shock.
Seed longevity: analysing post-storage germination data in R to fit the viability equation
Authors: Wolkis Dustin , Carta Angelino , Rezaei Shabnam , Hay Fiona R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For many decades, seed germination data have been modelled by probit analysis. In particular, it is the basis of the seed viability equation used, in the first instance, to describe the decline in germination of seeds in storage, but then also the rate of the decline, depending on seed moisture content and the temperature of storage. The underlying assumption of a probit model is that the response follows a normal distribution, in this case, loss of the ability to germinate over time. Probit analysis also takes into account the binomial error associated with germination data. Many statistical packages have probit analysis as an option within the generalized linear modelling framework; here, we present code for applying probit analysis in the free software, R. Codes are provided for fitting a single survival curve, for a single seed lot stored in a constant storage environment; for fitting multiple survival curves and evaluating the effect of constraining parameters for the different seed lots; and lastly, to model the moisture relations of seed longevity. The code bases provided could also be used in pollen and fern/bryophyte spore longevity modelling.
‘Palestine is our working condition’: border pedagogy, materiality, and the corporate university
Authors: Hamilakis Yannis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
What does it mean to teach and work in a corporate university with colonial roots, today? The on-going events in Palestine – what have been described by many specialists and international organizations as a genocidal campaign – have brought to the surface the historical undercurrents, the tensions and the contradictions of such an institution as a nested sensorial assemblage of actors, memories, affects and interests. Starting from the events that happened in the context of teaching an archaeology course on social justice while a student encampment was in place on campus, in the spring of 2024, I reflect on the materiality of protest, on teaching as a transgressive undertaking and on the retooling of colonial and decolonial structures to advance emancipation. In the midst of a rather dark moment, this is ultimately a hopeful reflection.
Representation Reinforcement in the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Hailbronner Michaela , Kujus Lisa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The European Court of Human Rights has long been cast as a defender of democracy in Europe. Yet, this idea has not always been at the core of the Court’s perception in the literature or indeed aligned with its jurisprudence which are often viewed in more Dworkinian terms. We suggest that there are good reasons, however, to take this idea more seriously in line with some of the early discussions on the function of the Convention. We argue that a good way to flesh out this idea is by drawing on the recent discussion on comparative representation reinforcement, sometimes labelled comparative political process theory, which builds on earlier work by US constitutional theorist John Hart Ely. Such an – expanded and updated – Elyian approach, we believe, has much to offer not just for domestic constitutional courts around the globe, but also for a supranational human rights court such as the ECtHR. We spell out what this might mean for the Court’s jurisprudence with reference to a few key areas of jurisprudence and the protection of minority rights in particular and sketch some implications for when to exercise restraint and when to intervene in a robust manner.
Neo-Elyian theory, therapeutic jurisprudence and the constitutional judgment
Authors: Murray Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper seeks to understand modern comparative reflections on John Hart Ely’s work through Comparative Political Process Theory or Comparative Representation-Reinforcing Theory, and how such approaches can be augmented through the lens of therapeutic jurisprudence. It argues that the legitimacy of courts’ actions (or inactions) in such settings can be understood through their potential to strengthen democratic institutions rather than do them harm, acting as a re-set or recalibration of the democratic landscape. By buttressing representation-reinforcing approaches with therapeutic understandings, curial interventions designed to shift longstanding democratic impasses or blind spots are likely to carry much greater institutional legitimacy. By applying this lens to a series of case studies, the paper highlights the normative contribution that therapeutic jurisprudence can provide to representation-reinforcing action and to the design of such approaches.
Childhood contact with social services, self-harm and suicidal or self-harm ideation in young adulthood: a population-wide record-linkage study
Authors: McKenna S. , O’Reilly D. , Ross E. , Maguire A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Childhood contact with social services is associated with a range of adverse mental health outcomes across the life course, yet there is limited evidence in relation to self-harm and suicidal or self-harm ideation.

Aims
Determine the association between all tiers of childhood contact with social services and presentation to an emergency department (ED) with self-harm or thoughts of suicide or self-harm (ideation) in young adulthood.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study linked population-wide administrative data on self-harm and ideation presentations recorded in the Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm (NIRSH) between 2012 and 2015 to primary care registrations and children’s social care data. Multilevel logistic regression models estimated the association between level of contact with social services in childhood (no contact; referred but assessed as not in need; child in need and child in care) and ED-presenting self-harm or ideation in young adulthood.

Results
There were 253,495 individuals born 1985–1993 with full data, alive and resident in Northern Ireland during 2012–2015 (ages 18–30 years). Of all young adults that presented to EDs with self-harm or ideation, 40.9% had contact with social services in childhood. Young adults with a history of care had 10-fold increased odds of self-harm or ideation (OR = 10.49 [95% CI, 9.45–11.66]) relative to those with no contact. Even those assessed as not in need of any help or support in childhood were three times more likely to present with self-harm or ideation (OR = 3.45 [95% CI, 3.07–3.88]).

Conclusions
Understanding the magnitude of childhood adversity amongst adults that present to EDs with self-harm or ideation may inform clinicians’ understanding and therapeutic decision-making. Whilst EDs provide an important setting in which to administer brief interventions, a multi-agency approach is required to reduce self-harm/ideation in young adults that had contact with social services in childhood.
Three-year course of clinical high-risk symptoms for psychosis in the community: a latent class analysis
Authors: Michel C. , Osman N. , Rinaldi G. , Schimmelmann B. G. , Kindler J. , Schultze-Lutter F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) states exhibit diverse clinical presentations, prompting a shift towards broader outcome assessments beyond psychosis manifestation. To elucidate more uniform clinical profiles and their trajectories, we investigated CHR-P profiles in a community sample.

Methods
Participants (N = 829; baseline age: 16–40 years) comprised individuals from a Swiss community sample who were followed up over roughly 3 years. latent class analysis was applied to CHR-P symptom data at baseline and follow-up, and classes were examined for demographic and clinical differences, as well as stability over time.

Results
Similar three-class solutions were yielded for both time points. Class 1 was mainly characterized by subtle, subjectively experienced disturbances in mental processes, including thinking, speech and perception (basic symptoms [BSs]). Class 2 was characterized by subthreshold positive psychotic symptoms (i.e., mild delusions or hallucinations) indicative of an ultra-high risk for psychosis. Class 3, the largest group (comprising over 90% of participants), exhibited the lowest probability of experiencing any psychosis-related symptoms (CHR-P symptoms). Classes 1 and 2 included more participants with functional impairment and psychiatric morbidity. Class 3 participants had a low probability of having functional deficits or mental disorders at both time points, suggesting that Class 3 was the healthiest group and that their mental health and functioning remained stable throughout the study period. While 91% of Baseline Class 3 participants remained in their class over time, most Baseline Classes 1 (74%) and Class 2 (88%) participants moved to Follow-up Class 3.

Conclusions
Despite some temporal fluctuations, CHR-P symptoms within community samples cluster into distinct subgroups, reflecting varying levels of symptom severity and risk profiles. This clustering highlights the largely distinct nature of BSs and attenuated positive symptoms within the community. The association of Classes 1 and 2 with Axis-I disorders and functional deficits emphasizes the clinical significance of CHR-P symptoms. These findings highlight the need for personalized preventive measures targeting specific risk profiles in community-based populations.
Low carryover risk of late-season soybean herbicides to newly planted sugarcane
Authors: Foster Matthew R. , Orgeron Albert J. , Jha Prashant , Spaunhorst Douglas J. , Wright Alice A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Numerous annual and perennial weeds infest sugarcane. End-season weed infestations are managed before sugarcane is replanted by fallowing (cultivation and sequential glyphosate applications) or by rotating to glyphosate-tolerant soybean in Louisiana. With the occurrence of perennial grasses and glyphosate-resistant weeds, growers need to utilize alternative late POST (LPOST) herbicide programs in soybean to reduce weed infestations in newly planted sugarcane (soybean-sugarcane rotation). Current rotational restrictions limit the use of acifluorfen, clethodim, fomesafen, and quizalofop to control troublesome weeds before soybean harvest and the subsequent planting of sugarcane. However, there is a lack of information on the carryover effects of these soybean herbicides on newly planted sugarcane. Field experiments were conducted at Schriever, LA, and St. Gabriel, LA, in 2017 to 2018 and in 2020 to 2021 to determine sugarcane injury and yield component response to herbicides labeled for LPOST applications in soybean, including acifluorfen, clethodim, fomesafen, lactofen, and quizalofop, applied at the field-use rates (1X) 45 d prior to or immediately after sugarcane planting. Separate field experiments were conducted at those two locations in Louisiana in 2018 to 2019 and in 2020 to 2021 to determine sugarcane injury and yield component response to five rates of fomesafen applied immediately after sugarcane planting. Results of the herbicide screening experiment showed no reductions in sugarcane shoot and stalk population, stalk height, sugarcane yield, sucrose content, or sucrose yield from the selected herbicides at either application timing. Fomesafen applied at 790 (2X) and 1,580 (4X) g ha−1 resulted in 7% and 13% average visible injury to sugarcane at 27 d after treatment (DAT), respectively; injury symptoms persisted until 62 DAT. Transient injury observed at 62 DAT did not correspond to reduced sugarcane stalk population, height, sucrose content, sugarcane yield, or sucrose yield. This research indicates a potentially low risk of carryover and yield loss in newly planted sugarcane from late-season applications of selected soybean herbicides.
The Influence of Lithology and Fault Source Volume on the Magnitude–Frequency‐Distribution of Earthquakes
Authors: Collettini C. , Tinti E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe earthquake Magnitude‐Frequency‐Distribution is usually modeled with the Gutenberg‐Richter law, where the b‐value controls the relative rate of small and large earthquakes. b‐value shows an inverse dependence on differential stress, it increases with fault roughness and in areas with fluid involvement in faulting. b‐value analyses have been also applied to infer temporal evolution of the stress state along active faults or to discriminate between foreshocks and aftershocks. For the Mw 6.5 2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence, we show that: (a) away from the major earthquake faults, b‐values are controlled by lithology and style of deformation; (b) the absolute number of the b‐values depends on the adopted magnitude scale and catalog, but differences induced by lithology are preserved; (c) the selection of the fault source volume can strongly influence b‐value changes in time, highlighting some complexities on the applicability of the b‐value as fault stress meter.
Heatwave Future Changes From an Ensemble of Km‐Scale Regional Climate Simulations Within CORDEX‐FPS Convection
Authors: Sangelantoni L. , Sobolowski S. P. , Soares P. M. M. , Goergen K. , Cardoso R. M. , Adinolfi M. , Dobler A. , Katragkou E. , Scoccimarro E. , Ferretti R. , Tölle M. , Feldmann H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs global temperatures continue to rise, the impact of heatwaves becomes increasingly striking. The increasing frequency and intensity of these events underscore the critical need to understand regional‐scale mechanisms and feedback, exacerbating or mitigating heatwave magnitude. Here, we use an ensemble of convection‐permitting regional climate models (CPRCMs) to elucidate future heatwave changes at fine spatial scales. We explore whether the recently highlighted drier/warmer signal introduced by CPRCMs improves summer temperature extremes representation and if it modulates future heatwave changes compared to convection‐parameterizing regional climate models (RCMs). In historical runs, CPRCMs show a more realistic representation of summer maximum temperature especially on a ground‐station‐based evaluation. CPRCMs project substantially drier conditions than RCMs. This is associated with a modulation of heatwave temperature changes which show diversified spatial patterns, magnitudes, and signs. CPRCMs ensemble shows an overall reduction in heatwave metrics future changes inter‐model spread compared to the RCMs ensemble.
Modeling Toroidal Currents in the Ionospheric Electrojet Regions
Authors: Alken P. , Egbert G. D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNew basis functions, suitable for fitting magnetic field observations of the auroral and equatorial electrojets, are constructed by applying principal components analysis (PCA) to a set of rotated current loops in the ionospheric E‐layer. The current loops, which are defined with respect to quasi‐dipole coordinates, are placed in the electrojet regions (northern polar, equatorial, and southern polar) and are then rotated and tilted to capture both zonal and meridional flow directions, enabling a fully 2D representation of the toroidal flow in the E‐layer. We consider four possible covariance functions that define correlation between individual loops, and use PCA to derive a set of modes representing toroidal electrojet current flow. These modes can be fitted to magnetic field observations recorded in space and/or on ground in order to reconstruct an equivalent height‐integrated current system in the E‐layer which best describes the measurements. We present an application of this new technique, which we call LoopPCA, to model quasi‐steady ionospheric current systems, by fitting mean ionospheric magnetic fields recorded by the Swarm satellite mission over a 6 year time period.
A truncated variant of the ribosome-associated trigger factor specifically contributes to plant chloroplast ribosome biogenesis
Authors: Ries Fabian , Gorlt Jasmin , Kaiser Sabrina , Scherer Vanessa , Seydel Charlotte , Nguyen Sandra , Klingl Andreas , Legen Julia , Schmitz-Linneweber Christian , Plaggenborg Hinrik , Ng Jediael Z. Y. , Wiens Dennis , Hochberg Georg K. A. , Räschle Markus , Möhlmann Torsten , Scheuring David , Willmund Felix 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Molecular chaperones are essential throughout a protein’s life and act already during protein synthesis. Bacteria and chloroplasts of plant cells share the ribosome-associated chaperone trigger factor (Tig1 in plastids), facilitating maturation of emerging nascent polypeptides. While typical trigger factor chaperones employ three domains for their task, the here described truncated form, Tig2, contains just the ribosome binding domain. Tig2 is widely present in green plants and appears to have acquired an entirely different task than co-translational nascent polypeptide folding. Tig2 deletion results in remarkable leaf developmental defects of cold-exposed Arabidopsis thaliana plants and specific defects in plastidic ribosomes. Our data indicate that Tig2 functions during ribosome biogenesis by promoting the maturation of the large subunit. We hypothesize that Tig2 binding to the ribosomal tunnel-exit surface aids protecting this sensitive surface during assembly. Tig2 illustrates a fascinating concept of how a chaperone domain evolved individually, serving a completely different molecular task.
Homologous recombination promotes non-immunogenic mitotic cell death upon DNA damage
Authors: Szmyd Radoslaw , Casolin Sienna , French Lucy , Manjón Anna G. , Walter Melanie , Cavalli Léa , Nelson Christopher B. , Page Scott G. , Dhawan Andrew , Hau Eric , Pickett Hilda A. , Gee Harriet E. , Cesare Anthony J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) can initiate mitotic catastrophe, a complex oncosuppressive phenomenon characterized by cell death during or after cell division. Here we unveil how cell cycle-regulated DSB repair guides disparate cell death outcomes through single-cell analysis of extended live imaging. Following DSB induction in S or G2, passage of unresolved homologous recombination intermediates into mitosis promotes non-immunogenic intrinsic apoptosis in the immediate attempt at cell division. Conversely, non-homologous end joining, microhomology-mediated end joining and single-strand annealing cooperate to enable damaged G1 cells to complete the first cell cycle with an aberrant cell division at the cost of delayed extrinsic lethality and interferon production. Targeting non-homologous end joining, microhomology-mediated end joining or single-strand annealing promotes mitotic death, while suppressing mitotic death enhances interferon production. Together the data indicate that a temporal repair hierarchy, coupled with cumulative DSB load, serves as a reliable predictor of mitotic catastrophe outcomes following genome damage. In this pathway, homologous recombination suppresses interferon production by promoting mitotic lethality.
Defining proteoform-specific interactions for drug targeting in a native cell signalling environment
Authors: Lutomski Corinne A. , Bennett Jack L. , El-Baba Tarick J. , Wu Di , Hinkle Joshua D. , Burnap Sean A. , Liko Idlir , Mullen Christopher , Syka John E. P. , Struwe Weston B. , Robinson Carol V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of membrane protein–ligand interactions within a native lipid bilayer is a major goal for drug discovery. Typically, cell-based assays are used, however, they are often blind to the effects of protein modifications. In this study, using the archetypal G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin, we found that the receptor and its effectors can be released directly from retina rod disc membranes using infrared irradiation in a mass spectrometer. Subsequent isolation and dissociation by infrared multiphoton dissociation enabled the sequencing of individual retina proteoforms. Specifically, we categorized distinct proteoforms of rhodopsin, localized labile palmitoylations, discovered a Gβγ proteoform that abolishes membrane association and defined lipid modifications on G proteins that influence their assembly. Given reports of undesirable side-effects involving vision, we characterized the off-target drug binding of two phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, vardenafil and sildenafil, to the retina rod phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6). The results demonstrate differential off-target reactivity with PDE6 and an interaction preference for lipidated proteoforms of G proteins. In summary, this study highlights the opportunities for probing proteoform–ligand interactions within natural membrane environments.
Morphology remodelling and membrane channel formation in synthetic cells via reconfigurable DNA nanorafts
Authors: Fan Sisi , Wang Shuo , Ding Longjiang , Speck Thomas , Yan Hao , Nussberger Stephan , Liu Na 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The shape of biological matter is central to cell function at different length scales and determines how cellular components recognize, interact and respond to one another. However, their shapes are often transient and hard to reprogramme. Here we construct a synthetic cell model composed of signal-responsive DNA nanorafts, biogenic pores and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). We demonstrate that reshaping of DNA rafts at the nanoscale can be coupled to reshaping of GUVs at the microscale. The nanorafts collectively undergo reversible transitions between isotropic and short-range local order on the lipid membrane, programmably remodelling the GUV shape. Assisted by the biogenic pores, during GUV shape recovery the locally ordered DNA rafts perforate the membrane, forming sealable synthetic channels for large cargo transport. Our work outlines a versatile platform for interfacing reconfigurable DNA nanostructures with synthetic cells, expanding the potential of DNA nanotechnology in synthetic biology.