bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocardial, epicardial, and right atrial approach for catheter ablation of premature ventricular contractions from the inferoseptal process of the left ventricle
Authors: Martinov Emiliyan , Marchov Daniel , Marinov Momchil , Boychev Denislav , Gelev Valeri , Traykov Vassil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundInferoseptal process of the left ventricle (ISP‐LV) might be a source of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias. In these cases, ectopic foci are accessible from the LV endocardium, epicardially from the middle cardiac vein as well as from the right atrium (RA). This study reports a series of patients with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) arising from the ISP‐LV that were successfully ablated following access from different structures.Methods and ResultsFive patients (4 males, age 61 ± 12.8 years) with PVCs arising from the ISP‐LV were successfully ablated using three different approaches for ablation—endocardial, epicardial (through coronary sinus or its branches), and RA approaches. Endocardial LV mapping, RA, and coronary sinus (CS) mapping were performed in all five cases. PVCs demonstrated RBBB or LBBB‐like morphology and left superior axis. The three patients ablated endocardially had a maximum deflection index (MDI) of 0.36, 0.43, and 0.54, whereas in the remaining 2 patients, MDI was 0.57 and both demonstrated QS morphology in the inferior leads. Local activation time at the successful ablation site was 35 ± 8.9 (26–55) msec pre‐QRS. Pacemapping at the successful ablation site resulted in a good (11/12) or perfect (12/12) QRS match in all cases. Three of the patients demonstrated frequent monomorphic PVCs of another morphology suggesting a remote exit site. All patients remained arrhythmia‐free after a mean follow‐up of 21 ± 15 (6–36) months.ConclusionSuccessful ablation of PVCs from ISP‐LV may require access from the CS or even RA apart from LV endocardial approach. Not infrequently patients demonstrate additional PVC foci.
Demand planning for the digital supply chain: How to integrate human judgment and predictive analytics
Authors: Brau Rebekah , Aloysius John , Siemsen Enno 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur research examines how to integrate human judgment and statistical algorithms for demand planning in an increasingly data‐driven and automated environment. We use a laboratory experiment combined with a field study to compare existing integration methods with a novel approach: Human‐Guided Learning. This new method allows the algorithm to use human judgment to train a model using an iterative linear weighting of human judgment and model predictions. Human‐Guided Learning is more accurate vis‐à‐vis the established integration methods of Judgmental Adjustment, Quantitative Correction of Human Judgment, Forecast Combination, and Judgment as a Model Input. Human‐Guided Learning performs similarly to Integrative Judgment Learning, but under certain circumstances, Human‐Guided Learning can be more accurate. Our studies demonstrate that the benefit of human judgment for demand planning processes depends on the integration method.
Preparation of ZnO@hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite and Application as a UV Absorber
Authors: Wang Bin , Wu Yunfeng , Ma Xiangmei , Dong Zhehao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) is widely used as an excellent UV absorbent to improve UV‐shielding ability. However, its photocatalytic activity is high, and the UV absorption region and dispersibility within the polymer are poor, which limits the application. This work is based on the design of ZnO nanoparticles via the coating of hydroxyapatite (HA) and (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (KH550), then it is compounded with polyvinyl chloride (PVC). X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTE), and UV spectrophotometer are used to analyze the microstructure and properties. The results show that the composite films have good UV‐shielding abilities and help reduce the damage of PVC upon exposure or heat. Therefore, this work provides new means to make PVC composites with superior UV‐shielding properties, and the tensile strength at the break of PVC film blended with ZnO@HA/KH550 is effectively improved, which is due to good compatibility between ZnO@HA/KH550 and PVC matrix.
Light‐Dependent RAFT Polymerization of Spiropyran Acrylates
Authors: Gäbert Chris , Hicke David , Bahnemann Julia , Mayrhofer Leonhard , Hartlieb Matthias , Reinicke Stefan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA light‐assisted RAFT copolymerization protocol is established and investigated for the synthesis of 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) / spiropyran acrylate (SPA) copolymers with enhanced SPA‐contents. Radiation with visible light prevents the spiropyran (SP) motif from isomerizing into the open merocyanine (MC) form which can interfere with the polymerization process by abstracting a hydrogen atom from an active radical via its phenolic oxygen.
Silibinin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammation in Porcine Mammary Epithelial Cells via mTOR/NF‐κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xu Shengyu , Jiang Xiaojun , Liu Yalei , Jiang Xuemei , Che Lianqiang , Lin Yan , Zhuo Yong , Feng Bin , Fang Zhengfeng , Hua Lun , Li Jian , Wang Jianping , Ren Zhihua , Sun Mengmeng , Wu De 
Published: May 2023

ScopeInflammatory responses reduce milk production in lactating sow. Silymarin (Silibinin is main component) reduces the inflammatory reaction and increases milk yield in lactating sow in the previous study. In the present study, silibinin may be a previously unrecognized nutrients in inflammatory resolution in porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs) is hypothesized.Methods and resultsPMECs are treated with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of silibinin to test cell viability, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, cellular inflammatory factors, and signaling protein phosphorylation and expression. Silibinin promotes the proliferation of PMEC independent of the estrogen pathway. In LPS‐induced damage of PMECs, silibinin protects cell proliferation, as well as reduced cell apoptosis. Silibinin reverses the LPS‐induced increase in tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) expression compared with control. In addition, silibinin accentuates the LPS‐induced decrease in the key proteins phosphorylated‐ribosomal protein S6 (p‐S6) and phosphorylated‐mammalian target of rapamycin (p‐mTOR) of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Furthermore, silibinin reverses the increase in phosphorylated‐nuclear factor‐kappa B p65 (p‐NF‐κB p65), phosphorylated‐Ikappab‐alpha (p‐IκB‐α), and phosphorylated‐Mitogen‐activated protein kinase p38 (p‐MAPK p38) expression in LPS‐induced damage in PMECs.ConclusionThis study highlights silibinin‐mTOR/NF‐κB axis plays an important role in the control of inflammation in PMECs, and suggests that silibinin may be an effective dietary strategy to alleviate the inflammatory response in lactating sow.
Anti‐Inflammatory Effect of Clostridium butyricum‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Ulcerative Colitis: Impact on Host microRNAs Expressions and Gut Microbiome Profiles
Authors: Ma Lingyan , Lyu Wentao , Song Yuanyuan , Chen Kai , Lv Lu , Yang Hua , Wang Wen , Xiao Yingping 
Published: May 2023

ScoreProbiotics extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown potential as EV‐based nanomaterials therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although probiotic Clostridium butyricum has been reported to be protective in various models of intestinal inflammation, the therapeutic effects of C. butyricum‐derived extracellular vesicles (CbEVs) in IBD remain to be demonstrated.Methods and resultsIn this study, multi‐omics sequencing is combined with an in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW264.7 cells and an in vivo mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis to explore the regulatory impact and mechanism of CbEVs in ulcerative colitis. Through small RNA sequencing, the study finds that microRNA is involved in the alleviation of colonic inflammation under CbEVs treatment. Mechanistically, CbEVs restore miR‐199a‐3p expression, interacting with map3k4, and thereby suppress proinflammatory MAPK and NF‐κB signaling. Additionally, metagenomic sequencing demonstrate that CbEVs alleviate bacterial dysbiosis in colitis mice and significantly reduces the abundance of the bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. Furthermore, CbEVs regulate the microbial tryptophan metabolites, which further improve intestinal barrier integrity and inhibit the inflammatory response in colitis mice.ConclusionC. butyricum‐derived extracellular vesicles can be a novel agent for the treatment of colitis and miR‐199a‐3p can be a potential target for IBD treatment.
Respiratory motion management using a single rapid MRI scan for a 0.35 T MRI‐Linac system
Authors: Chen Sihao , Eldeniz Cihat , Fraum Tyler J. , Ludwig Daniel R. , Gan Weijie , Liu Jiaming , Kamilov Ulugbek S. , Yang Deshan , Gach H. Michael , An Hongyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMRI has a rapidly growing role in radiation therapy (RT) for treatment planning, real‐time image guidance, and beam gating (e.g., MRI‐Linac). Free‐breathing 4D‐MRI is desirable in respiratory motion management for therapy. Moreover, high‐quality 3D‐MRIs without motion artifacts are needed to delineate lesions. Existing MRI methods require multiple scans with lengthy acquisition times or are limited by low spatial resolution, contrast, and signal‐to‐noise ratio.PurposeWe developed a novel method to obtain motion‐resolved 4D‐MRIs and motion‐integrated 3D‐MRI reconstruction using a single rapid (35‐45 s scan on a 0.35 T MRI‐Linac.MethodsGolden‐angle radial stack‐of‐stars MRI scans were acquired from a respiratory motion phantom and 12 healthy volunteers (n = 12) on a 0.35 T MRI‐Linac. A self‐navigated method was employed to detect respiratory motion using 2000 (acquisition time = 5–7 min) and the first 200 spokes (acquisition time = 35–45 s). Multi‐coil non‐uniform fast Fourier transform (MCNUFFT), compressed sensing (CS), and deep‐learning Phase2Phase (P2P) methods were employed to reconstruct motion‐resolved 4D‐MRI using 2000 spokes (MCNUFFT2000) and 200 spokes (CS200 and P2P200). Deformable motion vector fields (MVFs) were computed from the 4D‐MRIs and used to reconstruct motion‐corrected 3D‐MRIs with the MOtion Transformation Integrated forward‐Fourier (MOTIF) method. Image quality was evaluated quantitatively using the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and the root mean square error (RMSE), and qualitatively in a blinded radiological review.ResultsEvaluation using the respiratory motion phantom experiment showed that the proposed method reversed the effects of motion blurring and restored edge sharpness. In the human study, P2P200 had smaller inaccuracy in MVFs estimation than CS200. P2P200 had significantly greater SSIMs (p < 0.0001) and smaller RMSEs (p < 0.001) than CS200 in motion‐resolved 4D‐MRI and motion‐corrected 3D‐MRI. The radiological review found that MOTIF 3D‐MRIs using MCNUFFT2000 exhibited the highest image quality (scoring > 8 out of 10), followed by P2P200 (scoring > 5 out of 10), and then motion‐uncorrected (scoring < 3 out of 10) in sharpness, contrast, and artifact‐freeness.ConclusionsWe have successfully demonstrated a method for respiratory motion management for MRI‐guided RT. The method integrated self‐navigated respiratory motion detection, deep‐learning P2P 4D‐MRI reconstruction, and a motion integrated reconstruction (MOTIF) for 3D‐MRI using a single rapid MRI scan (35‐45 s) on a 0.35 T MRI‐Linac system.
Vespa: Integrated applications for RF pulse design, spectral simulation and MRS data analysis
Authors: Soher Brian J. , Semanchuk Philip , Todd David , Ji Xiao , Deelchand Dinesh , Joers James , Oz Gulin , Young Karl 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe Vespa package (Versatile Simulation, Pulses, and Analysis) is described and demonstrated. It provides workflows for developing and optimizing linear combination modeling (LCM) fitting for 1H MRS data using intuitive graphical user interface interfaces for RF pulse design, spectral simulation, and MRS data analysis. Command line interfaces for embedding workflows in MR manufacturer platforms and utilities for synthetic dataset creation are included. Complete provenance is maintained for all steps in workflows.Theory and MethodsVespa is written in Python for compatibility across operating systems. It embeds the PyGAMMA spectral simulation library for spectral simulation. Multiprocessing methods accelerate processing and visualization. Applications use the Vespa database for results storage and cross‐application access. Three projects demonstrate pulse, sequence, simulation, and data analysis workflows: (1) short TE semi‐LASER single‐voxel spectroscopy (SVS) LCM fitting, (2) optimizing MEGA‐PRESS (MEscher–GArwood Point RESolved Spectroscopy) flip angle and LCM fitting, and (3) creating a synthetic short TE dataset.ResultsThe LCM workflows for in vivo basis set creation and spectral analysis showed reasonable results for both the short TE semi‐LASER and MEGA‐PRESS. Examples of pulses, simulations, and data fitting are shown in Vespa application interfaces for various steps to demonstrate the interactive workflow.ConclusionVespa provides an efficient and extensible platform for characterizing RF pulses, pulse design, spectral simulation optimization, and automated LCM fitting via an interactive platform. Modular design and command line interface make it easy to embed in other platforms. As open source, it is free to the MRS community for use and extension. Vespa source code and documentation are available through GitHub.
Effects of N‐ and C‐terminal regions on oligomeric formation of blue light sensor protein SyPixD
Authors: Tokonami Shunrou , Nakasone Yusuke , Terazima Masahide 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA sensor of blue‐light using flavin adenine dinucleotide (BLUF) is a typical blue light photoreceptor domain that is found in many photosensor proteins in bacteria and some eukaryotic algae. SyPixD in Synechocystis is one of the well‐studied BLUF proteins. In the dark state, it forms a decamer and, upon photoexcitation, a dissociation reaction takes place to yield dimers. Such change in the intermolecular interactions of the protomers is important for the biological function. The effect of the N‐ and C‐terminal sequences on the stability of SyPixD oligomeric states and photoreactions of SyPixD were studied to understand how the oligomeric form is maintained with weak interaction. It was found that a few residues that frequently persist at the N‐terminus after removing a tag for purification are sensitive to the stability of the decamer structure. Even two or three residues at the N‐terminus considerably reduces decamer stability, whereas four or more residues completely prevent decamer formation. Unexpectedly, truncating C‐terminal sequences, which locate far from any protomer interface and of which structure is undetermined in crystal structure, also destabilizes the decamer structure. This destabilization is also apparent from the dissociation reaction dynamics detected by the transient grating and transient absorption measurements. The dissociation reaction is faster and the yield increases when the C‐terminus does not contain seven amino acid residues. Photoexcitation induces a conformational change in the C‐terminus of the decamer but not the dimer.
Identification and functional analysis of ABC transporter genes related to deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens
Authors: Xu Jingwei , Zheng Junnan , Zhang Ruimin , Wang Huan , Du JiaJia , Li Jinze , Zhou Dan , Sun Yan , Shen Bo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPathogens that reproduce or develop in mosquitoes can transmit several diseases, endanger human health, and overwhelm health systems. Synthetic pyrethroids are the most widely used insecticides against adult mosquitoes, but their widespread use has led to resistance. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in the resistance monitoring of insects, but their role and underlying mechanisms in insecticide resistance have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we identified ABC transporter genes in Culex pipiens and investigated their role in the development of insecticide resistance.RESULTSWe identified 63 ABC transporter genes in Cx. pipiens and classified them as per the ABC transporter subfamilies. We also performed phylogenetic analysis. The knockdown rate of the mosquitoes orally fed with the ABC transporter inhibitor verapamil increased after deltamethrin treatment compared with that of the control group. Several genes from the ABCB, ABCC, and ABCG subfamilies were highly expressed in resistant mosquitoes. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that ABCG6032427 was expressed in the head, chest, abdomen, wings, and legs, and the expression was the highest in the legs. Subsequently, knockdown of ABCG6032427 using RNA interference (RNAi) increased the sensitivity of the mosquitoes to deltamethrin, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that ABCG6032427 knockdown reduced cuticle thickness and the cuticle became loose and irregular.CONCLUSIONSABCG6032427 may modulate cuticle thickness and structure, thus play an important role in the development of deltamethrin resistance in mosquitoes. Thus, it could be a potential target for deltamethrin resistance management in Cx. pipiens. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sublethal phosphine fumigation induces transgenerational hormesis in a factitious host, Corcyra cephalonica
Authors: Nath Anshuman , Gadratagi Basana Gowda , Maurya Ravi Prakash , Ullah Farman , Patil Naveenkumar B , Adak Totan , Govindharaj Guru Pirasanna Pandi , Ray Aishwarya , Mahendiran Annamalai , Desneux Nicolas , Chandra Rath Prakash 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a pest of stored grains and widely used as a factitious host during the mass rearing of several natural enemies of crop pests. Hormesis is well‐documented in pest insects, to some extent in natural enemies of pests.RESULTSWe report transgenerational stimulatory effects of the widely used fumigant, phosphine. The study reports the consequences of sublethal, low lethal and median lethal concentrations (LC5, LC25 and LC50) and untreated control for two sequential generations of the species (G1 to G2). In this study, we investigated the life‐history traits, nutrient reserves (protein, lipid and carbohydrate) and larval gut microbiome (using 16 s rRNA V3–V4 metagenomics sequencing) of C. cephalonica. Stimulatory effects were observed for various biological traits of C. cephalonica, notably adult longevity, emergence and increased egg hatchability when exposed to LC5 of phosphine. The total protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents of C. cephalonica also were found to be significantly increased by LC5 in both generations. The microbial diversity of LC5 treated larval gut was higher and found to be different from the rest of the treatments. This is the first report showing hormesis to a fumigant insecticide.CONCLUSIONOur findings increase knowledge on the interaction between hormesis, nutrient reserves and gut bacteria in C. cephalonica exposed to insecticides. Overall, the present study establishes phosphine‐induced hormesis at LC5 in the host C. cephalonica, which might help improve the quality of mass rearing of various natural enemies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Machine Learning and Deep Learning powered satellite communications: Enabling technologies, applications, open challenges, and future research directions
Authors: Bhattacharyya Arindam , Nambiar Shvetha M. , Ojha Ritwik , Gyaneshwar Amogh , Chadha Utkarsh , Srinivasan Kathiravan 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe recent wave of creating an interconnected world through satellites has renewed interest in satellite communications. Private and government‐funded space agencies are making advancements in the creation of satellite constellations, and the introduction of 5G has brought a new focus to a fully connected world. Satellites are the proposed solutions for establishing high throughput and low latency links to remote, hard‐to‐reach areas. This has caused the injection of many satellites in Earth's orbit, which has caused many discrepancies. There is a need to establish highly adaptive and flexible satellite systems to overcome this. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) have gained much popularity when it comes to communication systems. This review extensively provides insight into ML and DL's utilization in satellite communications. This review covers how satellite communication subsystems and other satellite system applications can be implemented through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the ongoing open challenges and future directions.
Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Downregulates Angiogenesis in Psoriasis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Luengas-Martinez Andrea , Ismail Dina , Paus Ralf , Young Helen S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-A-mediated angiogenesis participates in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, thus inviting the hypothesis that anti-VEGF-A therapy could be beneficial in psoriasis. While anti-angiogenic agents are used in oncology and ophthalmology, these therapeutic strategies remain unexplored for the management of psoriasis.

Objective
Our objective was to investigate ex vivo how VEGF-A blockade impacts blood vessels, epidermis and immune cells in organ-cultured plaque and non-lesional skin from patients with psoriasis.

Methods
Skin biopsies from patients with psoriasis (n = 6; plaque and non-lesional skin) and healthy controls (n = 6) were incubated with anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody (bevacizumab, Avastin®) or a human IgG1 isotype control for 72-h in serum-free organ culture. CD31/LYVE-1, Ki-67, and mast cell tryptase expression were assessed by quantitative immunohistomorphometry. VEGF-A levels in plasma, PBMCs and skin culture supernatants were measured.

Results
Inhibition of VEGF-A blocked all free VEGF-A ex vivo, reduced blood vessel area and the number of blood vessel endothelial cells in plaques of psoriasis (*p &lt; 0.05). The treatment effect correlated significantly with levels of VEGF-A in organ culture supernatants (r = 0.94; *p &lt; 0.05) from plaque skin and with plasma levels of VEGF-A from patients with psoriasis (r = 0.943; *p = 0.017).

Conclusions
These ex vivo data are the first studies to objectively investigate the potential of VEGF-A inhibition as a novel adjuvant treatment strategy for psoriasis. Taken together, our data encourage further investigation by clinical trial to explore whether downregulating pathological angiogenesis has clinical utility, especially in patients with severe psoriasis or those with elevated levels of VEGF-A in plasma and/or skin.