bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute muscle mass loss was alleviated with HMGB1 neutralizing antibody treatment in severe burned rats
Authors: Song Juquan , Chowdhury Imran H. , Choudhuri Subhadip , Ayadi Amina E. I. , Rios Lizette E. , Wolf Steven E. , Wenke Joseph C. , Garg Nisha J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBurn injury is associated with muscle wasting, though the involved signaling mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we aimed to examine the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in signaling hyper-inflammation and consequent skeletal muscle impairment after burn. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: (1) sham burn, (2) burn, (3) burn/treatment. Animals in group 2 and group 3 received scald burn on 30% of total body surface area (TBSA) and immediately treated with chicken IgY and anti-HMGB1 antibody, respectively. Muscle tissues and other samples were collected at 3-days after burn. Body mass and wet/dry weights of the hind limb muscles (total and individually) were substantially decreased in burn rats. Acute burn provoked the mitochondrial stress and cell death and enhanced the protein ubiquitination and LC3A/B levels that are involved in protein degradation in muscle tissues. Further, an increase in muscle inflammatory infiltrate associated with increased differentiation, maturation and proinflammatory activation of bone marrow myeloid cells and αβ CD4+ T and γδ T lymphocytes was noted in in circulation and spleen of burn rats. Treatment with one dose of HMGB1 neutralizing antibody reduced the burn wound size and preserved the wet/dry weights of the hind limb muscles associated with a control in the markers of cell death and autophagy pathways in burn rats. Further, anti-HMGB1 antibody inhibited the myeloid and T cells inflammatory activation and subsequent dysregulated inflammatory infiltrate in the muscle tissues of burn rats. We conclude that neutralization of HMGB1-dependent proteolytic and inflammatory responses has potential beneficial effects in preventing the muscle loss after severe burn injury.
A PPIX-binding probe facilitates discovery of PPIX-induced cell death modulation by peroxiredoxin
Authors: Lynch John , Wang Yao , Li Yuxin , Kavdia Kanisha , Fukuda Yu , Ranjit Sabina , Robinson Camenzind G. , Grace Christy R. , Xia Youlin , Peng Junmin , Schuetz John D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile heme synthesis requires the formation of a potentially lethal intermediate, protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), surprisingly little is known about the mechanism of its toxicity, aside from its phototoxicity. The cellular protein interactions of PPIX might provide insight into modulators of PPIX-induced cell death. Here we report the development of PPB, a biotin-conjugated, PPIX-probe that captures proteins capable of interacting with PPIX. Quantitative proteomics in a diverse panel of mammalian cell lines reveal a high degree of concordance for PPB-interacting proteins identified for each cell line. Most differences are quantitative, despite marked differences in PPIX formation and sensitivity. Pathway and quantitative difference analysis indicate that iron and heme metabolism proteins are prominent among PPB-bound proteins in fibroblasts, which undergo PPIX-mediated death determined to occur through ferroptosis. PPB proteomic data (available at PRIDE ProteomeXchange # PXD042631) reveal that redox proteins from PRDX family of glutathione peroxidases interact with PPIX. Targeted gene knockdown of the mitochondrial PRDX3, but not PRDX1 or 2, enhance PPIX-induced death in fibroblasts, an effect blocked by the radical-trapping antioxidant, ferrostatin-1. Increased PPIX formation and death was also observed in a T-lymphoblastoid ferrochelatase-deficient leukemia cell line, suggesting that PPIX elevation might serve as a potential strategy for killing certain leukemias.
Learning fast and fine-grained detection of amyloid neuropathologies from coarse-grained expert labels
Authors: Wong Daniel R. , Magaki Shino D. , Vinters Harry V. , Yong William H. , Monuki Edwin S. , Williams Christopher K. , Martini Alessandra C. , DeCarli Charles , Khacherian Chris , Graff John P. , Dugger Brittany N. , Keiser Michael J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrecise, scalable, and quantitative evaluation of whole slide images is crucial in neuropathology. We release a deep learning model for rapid object detection and precise information on the identification, locality, and counts of cored plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). We trained this object detector using a repurposed image-tile dataset without any human-drawn bounding boxes. We evaluated the detector on a new manually-annotated dataset of whole slide images (WSIs) from three institutions, four staining procedures, and four human experts. The detector matched the cohort of neuropathology experts, achieving 0.64 (model) vs. 0.64 (cohort) average precision (AP) for cored plaques and 0.75 vs. 0.51 AP for CAAs at a 0.5 IOU threshold. It provided count and locality predictions that approximately correlated with gold-standard human CERAD-like WSI scoring (p = 0.07 ± 0.10). The openly-available model can quickly score WSIs in minutes without a GPU on a standard workstation.
A novel self‐timing CMOS first‐edge take‐all circuit for on‐chip communication systems
Authors: Abdelhafeez Saleh , Harb Shadi M. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn today's communication systems, it has become prominent for processing elements (PEs) to receive requests with simultaneous, conflicting signals, which are unpredicted and randomly triggered. In such a case, multiple overlapping signal requests can potentially compete in the same PE causing erroneous operations or a halt of the communication cycle. The authors propose a self‐timing CMOS first‐edge take‐all (FETA) circuit architecture, which examines two overlapping signals’ requests, and outputs only the leading‐edge signal while the lagging‐edge signal's request is declined. The FETA circuit functionality is considered as an essential component in First‐In‐First‐Out for metastability avoidance, which usually occurs between the write and read overlapping requests for applications related to Internet of Things, Network‐on‐Chips, and microprocessor memory management units. HSPICE simulations for a 90 nm CMOS technology are used to verify the speed up to 1 GHz. Besides, the achievable resolution is in the order of 20 ps considering process variation sensitivity based on design inheriting symmetric timing paths between the two signals. Additionally, the proposed circuit architecture adopts a self‐timing scheme obviating the overhead synchronisation circuitry, which comprises 12 D‐Type Flip‐Flops with about 300 transistors. This design is suited for HDL synthesis and FPGA application features.
Transient stability versus damping of electromechanical oscillations in power systems with embedded multi‐terminal VSC‐HVDC systems
Authors: Renedo Javier , Rouco Luis , Garcia‐Cerrada Aurelio , Sigrist Lukas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMulti‐terminal high‐voltage direct current technology based on voltage‐source converter stations (VSC‐MTDC) is expected to be one of the most important contributors to the future of electric power systems. In fact, among other features, it has already been shown how this technology can contribute to improve transient stability in power systems by the use of supplementary controllers. Along this line, this paper will investigate in detail how these supplementary controllers affect electromechanical oscillations, by means of small‐signal stability analysis. The paper analyses two control strategies based on the modulation of active‐power injections (P‐WAF) and reactive‐power injections (Q‐WAF) in the VSC stations which were presented in previous work. Both control strategies use global signals of the frequencies of the VSC‐MTDC system and they presented significant improvements on transient stability. The paper will provide guidelines for the design of these type of controllers to improve both large‐ and small‐disturbance angle stability. Small‐signal stability analysis (in Matlab) has been compared with non‐linear time domain simulation (in PSS/E) to confirm the results using CIGRE Nordic32A benchmark test system with a VSC‐MTDC system. The paper analyses the impact of the controller gains and communication latency on electromechanical‐oscillation damping. The main conclusion of the paper is that transient‐stability‐tailored supplementary controllers in VSC‐MTDC systems can be tuned to damp inter‐area oscillations too, maintaining their effectiveness.
River boundary detection and autonomous cruise for unmanned surface vehicles
Authors: Zhang Kai , Hu Min , Ren Fuji , Bao Yanwei , Shi Piao , Yu Daoyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe detection of river boundaries is a crucial branch of the intelligent perception of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), it can be used to determine the driving areas of USVs, and also to ensure driving safety by limiting the effective drivable areas of USVs in the river areas. Aiming to detect the boundaries of incompletely structured river channels, this study proposes a real‐time detection method for river boundaries based on a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor. The point clouds that are disturbed by the water surface noise are filtered firstly, and then the spatial and geometric features are extracted separately from the point cloud detected above the water surface. To prevent the error detection and missing detection, the boundary point information is predicted and calibrated in real time by Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). A planning track generation algorithm for coastal autonomous cruise without relying on high‐precision maps, and a heading and distance adaptive control method by Proportional‐Integral‐Derivative (PID), and different driving line generation methods for driving along the narrow river and wide river are proposed respectively. The experimental data verification of river boundary detection shows that the algorithm is accurate, real‐time, and robust.
Formal verification of a telerehabilitation system through an abstraction and refinement approach using Uppaal
Authors: Arfi Farid , Courbis Anne‐Lise , Lambolais Thomas , Bughin François , Hayot Maurice 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFormal methods are proven techniques that provide a rigorous mathematical basis to software development. In particular, they allow the quality of development to be effectively improved by making accurate and explicit modelling, so that anomalies like ambiguities and incompleteness are identified in the early phases of the software development process. Semi‐formal UML models and formal Timed Automata models are used to design a telerehabilitation system through a practical approach based on abstraction and refinement. The formal verification of expected properties of the system is performed by the Uppaal tool. The motivation of this work is threefold: (i) showing the usefulness of formal methods to satisfy the validation needs of a medical telerehabilitation system; (ii) demonstrating our approach of system analysis through refinements to guide the development of a complex system; and (iii) highlighting, from a real‐life experience, the usefulness of models to involve the stakeholders all along the design of a system, from requirements to detailed specifications.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K2 of the air-kerma standards of the BFKH, Hungary, and the BIPM in low-energy x-rays
Authors: Burns D T , Kessler C , Finta V 
Published: June 2023

Main text
A key comparison has been made between the air-kerma standards of the BFKH, Hungary, and the BIPM in the low-energy x-ray range. The results show the standards to agree at the level of the expanded uncertainty of the comparison of 6.8 parts in 103. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Addendum: Weyl cocycles, (1986 Class. Quantum Grav.
3 635)
Authors: Bonora L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Weyl 0- and 1-cocycles of canonical dimension 6 in six dimensions, which were computed earlier in Bonora et al (1986 Class. Quantum Grav.
3 635), are recalculated from scratch. The analysis yields five Weyl invariants (0-cocycles), instead of four, and the same four non-trivial 1-cocycles (possible trace anomalies), like in that reference (up to the correction of one typo).
Gravastar-like black hole solutions in q-theory
Authors: Selch M , Miller J , Zubkov M A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present a stationary spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein equations, with a source generated by a scalar field ofq-theory. In this theory Riemannian gravity, as described by the Einstein–Hilbert action, is coupled to a three—form field that describes the dynamical vacuum. Formally it behaves like a matter field with its own stress—energy tensor, equivalent to a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity. The asymptotically flat solutions obtained to the field equations represent black holes (BHs). For a sufficiently large horizon radius the energy density is localized within a thin spherical shell situated just outside of the horizon, analogous to a gravastar. The resulting solutions to the field equations, which admit this class of configurations, satisfy existence conditions that stem from the BH no—hair theorem, thanks to the presence of a region in space in which the energy density is negative.
Formation of Ohmic contacts between ferromagnetic Cr2Ge2Te6 and two-dimensional metals
Authors: Kang Wei , Wang Jintian , Wang Wei , Wang Yan , Wang Lin , Liu Xiaoqing , Ye Ziqin , Liu Jun , Fang Liang , Zhou Miao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As a ferromagnetic semiconductor, two-dimensional (2D) Cr2Ge2Te6 holds significant implications for electronic and spintronic devices. To achieve 2D electronics, it is essential to integrate Cr2Ge2Te6 with 2D electrodes to form Schottky-barrier-free Ohmic contacts with enhanced carrier injection efficiency. Herein, by using first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory, we systematically investigate the structural, energetic, electronic and magnetic properties of 2D heterojunctions by combining Cr2Ge2Te6 with a series of 2D metals, including graphene, ZrCl, NbS2, TaS2, TaSe2, Zn3C2, Hg3C2, and Zr2N. Results show that NbS2, TaS2, TaSe2, Zn3C2, Hg3C2, and Zr2N form Ohmic contacts with Cr2Ge2Te6, in contrast to graphene and ZrCl that exhibit a finite Schottky barrier. By examining the tunneling barriers and Fermi level shift, we reveal that the heterojunctions with Zn3C2 and Hg3C2 as electrodes exhibit advantages of both high electron injection efficiency and spin injection efficiency, for which an apparent decrease of the magnetic moment of Cr atoms in Cr2Ge2Te6 can be observed. These findings not only provide physical insights into the role of interfacial interaction in regulating the physical properties of 2D heterojunctions, but also pave way for the development of high-performance spintronic nanodevices for practical implementation.
High-precision radius and sphericity measurement for microspheres of micro-CMM probe tip
Authors: Zhao Wenkai , Li Rui-Jun , Duan Liuhui , Cheng Zhenying , Pan Qiaosheng , Huang Qiangxian , Fan Kuang-Chao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The microsphere profile of probe tips has to be measured and compensated to improve the measurement accuracy of micro-coordinate measuring machines (micro-CMMs) to less than several hundred nanometers. A high-precision radius and sphericity measurement method for the microsphere of the CMM probe tip is proposed in this article. Different circumferences of the tested microsphere are measured, and the true radius of any measuring point on the surface can be obtained after separating the runout errors. Then the sphericity of the tested microsphere can be evaluated by the minimum zone sphere method. A corresponding measuring system is developed based on the analysis of the primary error model and mechanical model, and verification experiments are conducted using a ruby microsphere (A-5000-7801, Renishaw Corporation) as the reference, whose claimed diameter and sphericity are 700 µm and 130 nm, respectively. Six groups of repeated experiments are performed, and 18 000 measurement points on 15 circumferences are recorded in each group of experiments. Results show that the average radius of the tested microsphere is 350.003 µm, and the average sphericity error is 208 nm with a standard deviation of 5.3 nm. Finally, the expanded uncertainty of the measurement results of the developed system is calculated as 209 nm (k = 1.96, normal distribution). The proposed method and system can be used in the precision measurements and compensations for probe tips of micro-CMMs and other parts, such as microspheres used in micro-bearings and micro-manufacturing machines.
Synergistic effect of multi-element co-segregation on mechanical properties of Mg
101ˉ2
twin grain boundary
Authors: Lin Jiarui , Han Hui , Tian Yanzhong , Pang Xueyong , Qin Gaowu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Properties of grain boundaries (GBs) are pronouncedly influenced by alien elemental segregation. Synergistic effect of co-segregation behavior on mechanical properties of Mg

10

1
ˉ

2

twin GB was systematically investigated with first-principles calculations. Ten elements (Ni, Mn, Zn, Al, Ag, Ti, Li, Zr, Y, Ca) for single segregation and four solute combinations (Al–Ca, Al–Y, Zn–Ca, Zn–Y) for co-segregation were chosen respectively, the segregation energies and solubility energies with different elemental concentrations were calculated to evaluate the thermodynamic stability of corresponding segregated GBs. These solute atoms have unique effects on the stability of the system, and the interaction between solute atoms also has a synergistic effect on the stability of the system. It is found that the segregation tendency is enhanced and the GB structure tends to be stable with the increase of the concentration of solute atoms at the appropriate sites, regardless of single-element segregation or co-segregation. The redistribution of GB charges due to co-segregation significantly affects the binding and mechanical properties of GBs. With the increase of the co-segregation concentration, the lamellar charge is transferred between the matrix and the twins, which further enhances the electron hybridization and leads to a notable enhancement of interface binding. This shows that the appropriate combination of solute elements can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the interface. The manuscript reveals the theoretical understanding of the effect of elemental segregation on the mechanical properties of GB, and provides design ideas for the tuning of mechanical properties of magnesium alloy by GB engineering.
Dielectric metasurfaces for next-generation optical biosensing: a comparison with plasmonic sensing
Authors: Chung Taerin , Wang Hao , Cai Haogang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the past decades, nanophotonic biosensors have been extended from the extensively studied plasmonic platforms to dielectric metasurfaces. Instead of plasmonic resonance, dielectric metasurfaces are based on Mie resonance, and provide comparable sensitivity with superior resonance bandwidth, Q factor, and figure-of-merit. Although the plasmonic photothermal effect is beneficial in many biomedical applications, it is a fundamental limitation for biosensing. Dielectric metasurfaces solve the ohmic loss and heating problems, providing better repeatability, stability, and biocompatibility. We review the high-Q resonances based on various physical phenomena tailored by meta-atom geometric designs, and compare dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces in refractometric, surface-enhanced, and chiral sensing for various biomedical and diagnostic applications. Departing from conventional spectral shift measurement using spectrometers, imaging-based and spectrometer-less biosensing are highlighted, including single-wavelength refractometric barcoding, surface-enhanced molecular fingerprinting, and integrated visual reporting. These unique modalities enabled by dielectric metasurfaces point to two important research directions. On the one hand, hyperspectral imaging provides massive information for smart data processing, which not only achieve better biomolecular sensing performance than conventional ensemble averaging, but also enable real-time monitoring of cellular or microbial behaviour in physiological conditions. On the other hand, a single metasurface can integrate both functions of sensing and optical output engineering, using single-wavelength or broadband light sources, which provides simple, fast, compact, and cost-effective solutions. Finally, we provide perspectives in future development on metasurface nanofabrication, functionalization, material, configuration, and integration, towards next-generation optical biosensing for ultra-sensitive, portable/wearable, lab-on-a-chip, point-of-care, multiplexed, and scalable applications.
Unsupervised deep learning-based displacement estimation for vascular elasticity imaging applications
Authors: Karageorgos Grigorios M , Liang Pengcheng , Mobadersany Nima , Gami Parth , Konofagou Elisa E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective. Arterial wall stiffness can provide valuable information on the proper function of the cardiovascular system. Ultrasound elasticity imaging techniques have shown great promise as a low-cost and non-invasive tool to enable localized maps of arterial wall stiffness. Such techniques rely upon motion detection algorithms that provide arterial wall displacement estimation. Approach. In this study, we propose an unsupervised deep learning-based approach, originally proposed for image registration, in order to enable improved quality arterial wall displacement estimation at high temporal and spatial resolutions. The performance of the proposed network was assessed through phantom experiments, where various models were trained by using ultrasound RF signals, or B-mode images, as well as different loss functions. Main results. Using the mean square error (MSE) for the training process provided the highest signal-to-noise ratio when training on the B-modes images (30.36 ± 1.14 dB) and highest contrast-to-noise ratio when training on the RF signals (32.84 ± 1.89 dB). In addition, training the model on RF signals demonstrated the capability of providing accurate localized pulse wave velocity (PWV) maps, with a mean relative error (MREPWV) of 3.32 ± 1.80% and an R2 of 0.97 ± 0.03. Finally, the developed model was tested in human common carotid arteries in vivo, providing accurate tracking of the distension pulse wave propagation, with an MREPWV = 3.86 ± 2.69% and R2 = 0.95 ± 0.03. Significance. In conclusion, a novel displacement estimation approach was presented, showing promise in improving vascular elasticity imaging techniques.