bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residue analysis of 10 aminoglycoside antibiotics in aquatic products by multiwalled carbon nanotubes combined with mixed‐mode ion exchange liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Junlu Bai , Pengfei He , Junjie Zeng , Xiaojun Zhang , Yi Fang , Peipei Ll 
Published: June 2023

An ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous determination of 10 kinds of aminoglycosides in edible parts of aquatic products. The samples were extracted with 10 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution, then the pH value of the extract was adjusted to neutral by sodium hydroxide. Half volume of the extract was loaded onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes cartridge. All the target compounds were separated on a mixed‐mode ion exchange column and detected by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray in the positive ionization mode. Under optimized conditions, this method had a good linearity with a squared correlation coefficient > 0.999. For neomycin, the limit of detection and limit of quantification were 5.0 μg/kg and 10.0 μg/kg, respectively; for hygromycin B and apramycin, values were 2.0 μg/kg and 5.0 μg/kg, respectively; for the other seven kinds of aminoglycosides, values were 1.0 μg/kg and 2.0 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries presented 75.8%–107.2% with intra‐ and interday reproducibility ranging between 3.8% and 12.5%. The method was rapid with good separation and sharp peak shapes, had the characteristicsis of high accuracy and good precision, and was suitable for simultaneous determination of 10 kinds of aminoglycosides in aquatic products.
Reliability and validity of the Polish version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders
Authors: Tuz‐Hrycyna Natalia , Rzepakowska Anna , Niemczyk Kazimierz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe comprehensive counseling of patients with olfactory dysfunctions requires accurate diagnosis. The recommendations include subjective assessment. The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) is a disease‐specific questionnaire for the subjective evaluation of olfactory dysfunctions.MaterialThe study included 54 patients with olfactory dysfunctions, who were recruited to the study group (SG). The other 47 patients without the history of olfactory dysfunction and nasal cavity pathology were voluntarily allocated to the control group (CG). The protocol of the study was introduced to each patient and included: olfactory testing with Sniffin' Stick test, fulfillment of the Polish version of World Health Organization Quality of Life brief questionnaire and completing of the Polish version of the QOD. All participants (101) were invited for refilling the QOD questionnaire after 2 weeks for the test–retest statistics.ResultsThe Polish QOD statements were significantly correlated and met the requirement by having test–retest correlation larger than 0.7. We found that internal consistency of the test measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was very high. The mean scores of the QOD test in normosmic SG patients were compared with corresponding scores in normosmic CG patients using U Mann–Whitney test. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences on mean QOD scores for each domains except QOD‐S between both groups.ConclusionsThe Polish version of the QOD demonstrated high rate of the validity and the reliability. This instrument may be widely used in research projects and clinical practice concerning olfactory disorders in Polish patients.Level of EvidenceNA.
Echo grid integration: A novel method for preprocessing multibeam water column data to quantify underwater gas bubble emissions
Authors: Urban Peter , Veloso‐Alarcón Mario E. , Greinert Jens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWater column imaging multibeam echo sounder systems (MBESs) are a promising technology for quantitative estimates of the gas bubble volume flow within large gas seepage areas. Considerable progress has been made in recent years toward applicable calibration methods for MBESs as well as developing inversion models to convert acoustically measured backscattering cross sections to gas bubble volume flow. However, MBESs are still not commonly used for quantitative gas flow assessments. A reason for this is the absence of published processing methods that demonstrate how MBES data can be processed to quantitatively represent bubble streams. Here, we present a novel method (echo grid integration) that allows for assessing the aggregated backscattering cross section of targets within horizontal water layers. This derived value enables quantifying bubble stream gas flow rates using existing acoustic inversion methods. The presented method is based on averaging geo‐referenced volume backscattering coefficients onto a high‐resolution 3D voxel‐grid. The results are multiplied with the voxel volume to represent measurements of the total backscattering cross‐section within each voxel cell. Individual gridded values cannot be trusted because the beam pattern effects cause the values of individual targets to “smear” over multiple grid‐cells. The true aggregated backscattering cross‐section is thus estimated as the integral over the grid‐cells affected by this smearing. Numerical simulation of MBES data acquisition over known targets assesses the method's validity and quantify it's uncertainty for different, realistic scenarios. The found low measurement bias (< 1%), and dispersion (< 5%) are promising for application in gas flow quantification methods.
Class fields, Dirichlet characters, and extended genus fields of global function fields
Authors: Rzedowski‐Calderón Martha , Villa‐Salvador Gabriel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the extended genus field of an abelian extension of a rational function field. We follow the definition of Anglès and Jaulent, which uses the class field theory. First, we show that the natural definition of extended genus field of a cyclotomic function field obtained by means of Dirichlet characters is the same as the one given by Anglès and Jaulent. Next, we study the extended genus field of a finite abelian extension of a rational function field along the lines of the study of genus fields of abelian extensions of rational function fields. In the absolute abelian case, we compare this approach with the one given by Anglès and Jaulent.
Signaling pathways and intervention for therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Cao Rong , Tian Huimin , Zhang Yu , Liu Geng , Xu Haixia , Rao Guocheng , Tian Yan , Fu Xianghui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents one of the fastest growing epidemic metabolic disorders worldwide and is a strong contributor for a broad range of comorbidities, including vascular, visual, neurological, kidney, and liver diseases. Moreover, recent data suggest a mutual interplay between T2DM and Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Pioneering discoveries throughout the past few decades have established notable links between signaling pathways and T2DM pathogenesis and therapy. Importantly, a number of signaling pathways substantially control the advancement of core pathological changes in T2DM, including IR and β cell dysfunction, as well as additional pathogenic disturbances. Accordingly, an improved understanding of these signaling pathways sheds light on tractable targets and strategies for developing and repurposing critical therapies to treat T2DM and its complications. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the history of T2DM and signaling pathways, and offer a systematic update on the role and mechanism of key signaling pathways underlying the onset, development, and progression of T2DM. In this content, we also summarize current therapeutic drugs/agents associated with signaling pathways for the treatment of T2DM and its complications, and discuss some implications and directions to the future of this field.
Behavior of Lagrange‐Galerkin solutions to the Navier‐Stokes problem for small time increment
Authors: Tabata Masahisa , Uchiumi Shinya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider two kinds of numerical quadrature formulas of Gauss type and Newton‐Cotes type, which are required in the real computation of Lagrange–Galerkin scheme for the Navier–Stokes problem. The Lagrange–Galerkin scheme with numerical quadrature, which has been used practically but not fully analyzed, is proved to be convergent at least for Gauss type quadrature under a condition on the time increment. As for the scheme with Newton‐Cotes type quadrature, it has more smooth convergent property than that of Gauss type, whose reason is discussed.
Evaluation of innovation efficiency in China's cultural industry: A meta‐frontier with non‐radial directional distance function approach
Authors: Li Xushuai , Zhang Jiayu , Chen Xiang , Lu Ching‐Cheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the proportion of added value of China's cultural industry to GDP has been increasing year by year. However, due to different levels of economic development and cultural resources, there are significant differences in the development of cultural industries in different regions. This study considers a sustainable positive externality by setting the patent as a new output and employs the non‐radial directional distance function in the framework of meta‐frontier to investigate the innovative performance of China's cultural industry because of regional disparities. Our main findings are that there is a major technological gap among the eastern region, the central region and the western region, in which the technical and management capabilities of the eastern region are far greater than those of the central and western regions; Cultural industries have greater room for improvement in the eastern, central and western regions, especially the western region; The efficiency level of the cultural industry is likely to be related to the local economic strength. This article explores the factors that constrain the competitiveness of cultural industries in different regions of China. Then based on its influencing factors, corresponding development measures are proposed.
Porous Host–Guest MOF‐Semiconductor Hybrid with Multisites Heterojunctions and Modulable Electronic Band for Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion and H2 Evolution
Authors: Zhang Tianxi , Meng Fanlu , Gao Minmin , Wei Jishi , Lim Kane Jian Hong , Lim Kang Hui , Chirawatkul Prae , Wong Andrew See Weng , Kawi Sibudjing , Ho Ghim Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOptimizing catalysts for competitive photocatalytic reactions demand individually tailored band structure as well as intertwined interactions of light absorption, reaction activity, mass, and charge transport. Here, a nanoparticulate host–guest structure is rationally designed that can exclusively fulfil and ideally control the aforestated uncompromising requisites for catalytic reactions. The all‐inclusive model catalyst consists of porous Co3O4 host and ZnxCd1‐xS guest with controllable physicochemical properties enabled by self‐assembled hybrid structure and continuously amenable band gap. The effective porous topology nanoassembly, both at the exterior and the interior pores of a porous metal–organic framework (MOF), maximizes spatially immobilized semiconductor nanoparticles toward high utilization of particulate heterojunctions for vital charge and reactant transfer. In conjunction, the zinc constituent band engineering is found to regulate the light/molecules absorption, band structure, and specific reaction intermediates energy to attain high photocatalytic CO2 reduction selectivity. The optimal catalyst exhibits a H2‐generation rate up to 6720 µmol g−1 h−1 and a CO production rate of 19.3 µmol g−1 h−1. These findings provide insight into the design of discrete host–guest MOF‐semiconductor hybrid system with readily modulated band structures and well‐constructed heterojunctions for selective solar‐to‐chemical conversion.
Preparation of polyvinyl pyrrolidone stationary phase and its application in separation and analysis of flavonoids
Authors: Chen Xin , Li Juntao , Gu Mengting , Miao Yiyuan , Ke Yanxiong , Zheng Xiangwei , Xu Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is known as a polymer with special adsorption properties for polyphenolic compounds. In this paper, chemical‐bonded stationary phase (PVP@Silica) was prepared and applied to the separation of flavonoids. System constants determined by linear solvation energy relationships with methanol–water mixtures as the mobile show that the column can provide stronger hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction than C18 column. Under reversed‐phase conditions, traditional flavonoids have much longer retention on PVP@Silica than on C18 column with methanol–water mobile phase due to multimodal retention mechanism, including hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction. In addition, a U‐shaped retention curve was observed in acetonitrile–water mobile phase because of the enhanced hydrogen bonding under the high proportion of acetonitrile. The selectivity to polyhydroxy structure gives the stationary phase unique separation ability for flavonoids. The separation orthogonality was further investigated by a sample set containing 33 flavonoids with different substitution structures. The (RP‐PVP@Silica)‐(RP‐C18) system exhibited 60% orthogonality metric (OM) for these flavonoids with methanol–water mobile phase. A high OM of 63.5% was achieved in (RP‐PVP@Silica)‐(HILIC‐PVP@Silica) system. Finally, PVP@Silica was applied to the purification of total flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). The offline (RP‐PVP@Silica)‐(RP‐C18) two‐dimensional separation system was used for the analysis of flavonoids in GBE.
Cationic Mononuclear Bi(rhenacyclopropene) Complexes from Reactions of ReCl3(PMePh2)3 with RC≡CH (R=alkyl)
Authors: Li Lei , Zhao Yue , Zhou Yan , Bai Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReactions of terminal alkynes (alkyl−C≡CH) and internal alkynes with rhenium(III) phosphine complex ReCl3(PMePh2)3 were studied, producing cationic mononuclear bi(rhenacyclopropene) complexes and η2‐alkyne complexes, respectively. The bi(rhenacyclopropene) complexes represent rare examples of well‐defined mononuclear metal complexes containing two η2‐vinyl ligands, as well as bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes of transition metals.
Introduction: Migration, Death and Mobilities
Authors: Maddrell Avril , Kmec Sonja , Uteng Tanu Priya , Westendorp Mariske 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn contrast to the liveliness conjured by the terms ‘migration’ and ‘mobilities’, death is associated with stillness and immobility. Yet, just as the animated experience of migration and mobilities can be characterised by hiatus, waiting and even death, so too death and funerary-mourning rituals prompt a variety of mobile practices. For example, the dying may travel between home and other places of care; the dead body is typically moved between the place of death and sites of funerary care and rituals; the corpse or cremated remains may be transported over long distances for final disposition; in many beliefs the spiritual journey of the deceased continues after death; and mourners variously travel, process and perform religious or secular rites at the time of death and subsequent cyclical acts of remembrance, depending on customs. Therefore, mobilities are inherently interwoven with death and mourning practices. Further, as the quote above indicates, these already mobile funerary practices are additionally inflected by the mobilities of migration and can change with time, place and circumstances, including the relative inclusiveness of local cemetery-crematorium services. This volume brings lived migrant mobilities and immobilities into dialogue with the less familiar mobilities and immobilities associated with death, death rituals and the remains of the dead.
Managing Migrant Border Deaths in Southern Italy: Medico-Legal, Ritual and Burial Practices
Authors: Stauffacher Daniela , Maddrell Avril 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter addresses the pressing contemporary political and social issue of migrant death as a result of dangerous irregular migration routes across the Mediterranean, and local provision for the migrant dead in southern Italy. Drawing on the concept of bordering and (non)grievability, it details the evolving Italian governance and social responses to the border dead. It goes on to examine local mortuary and burial practices, for the border dead with particular attention to their visibility, and the roles of the state, local municipalities, clergy and local residents. Its contrasts the initial integration of the migrant dead within local cemeteries with subsequent dedicated burial sections or grounds, showing how each of these tactics can serve to make the migrant dead socially and politically invisible, through poor documentation of burials, immobilizing assimilation within local cemeteries, or through marginalization in peripheral burial grounds for the border dead.
Dundee, Migration, and the Historic Jute Trade: Interweaving Bengali-Dundee Cemetery Practices and Spaces
Authors: Beebeejaun Yasminah , House Danielle , Maddrell Avril 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this chapter we draw on both postcolonial and mobilities scholarship to engage with the neglected intersections between mobilities and colonialism. Specifically, we argue this colonial legacy set the conditions for present day Bengali and other Scottish Muslims to create their understandings of home and belonging. We explore this idea through the development and negotiation of Muslim burial space in the city, and see how the claiming of rights, in this case the right to a dignified burial, is entangled with multi-generational senses of belonging, practices of faith, and experiences of bureaucracy. We first explore the legacy of colonial connections between Dundee and the Bengal Delta and outline the history of the jute trade between these regions. After a brief discussion on methodology, we secondly discuss Dundee’s Muslim communities and their histories and experiences of migration. Finally, we trace the development of Muslim burial in the city to situate ethnic difference within a wider landscape of citizenship and belonging. We argue that through situating the death practices and decision-making of ethnic minority communities within a wider understanding of how mobilities impact upon their life experiences, and within a larger postcolonial context, we understand spaces of death as part of the making of minority identities in Scotland.
Jewishness and Space: Negotiating Jewish Identity and the Jewish Cemetery in the Local Context of Trondheim, Norway
Authors: Høeg Ida Marie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the connection between Jewish identity and place in a Jewish community. The focus is on the Jewish cemetery in Trondheim, in the central part of Norway, and the aim is to explore how Jewish identity affects preferences for cemetery space. Against the backdrop of a larger ethnographic study and national research project, this study tracks narratives about burial decisions, illuminating the confluence of Jewish identity and Jewish burial space. The way the Jewish cemetery may mobilize or immobilize Jewish identity and belonging to the Jewish community is a multifaceted subject that relates to such wider experiences as mobility, relations to places of origin and Jewish networks. As discussed in the chapter, several aspects, religion, the Holocaust, and their Jewish kin relations, are in play for the participants and contribute to negotiating their burial decision.
Language Report Danish
Authors: Pedersen Bolette Sandford , Olsen Sussi , Henriksen Lina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter summarises the current level of language technologies (LT) and resources for Danish (Pedersen et al. 2022). Even if Danish LTs are now being used in many areas of society, their quality still needs to be improved in order to make them more useful and inclusive for the majority of the population. To this end, the development of large, high-quality language resources and data sets still proves to be a bottleneck. We report, however, on an increased awareness of sharing and reusing language resources and data sets across public institutions, academia and industry. New, large governmental initiatives within the area of AI and LT have been initiated which support this development.
Language Report Irish
Authors: Lynn Teresa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLanguage technology (LT) underpins many applications that enable our digitally enhanced lives (virtual assistants, search engines, translation tools, spellcheckers, language learning tools etc.). However, these advances do not benefit all Irish citizens equally. Due to a lack of sufficient LTs for Irish, Irish speakers regularly need to revert to using English. Such a language shift plays a major role in the risk of digital extinction, i. e., an eventual decline in language use due to lack of technological support. This chapter highlights work carried out on Irish LT, and the gaps and challenges that still need to be addressed (Lynn 2022).
Language Report Italian
Authors: Magnini Bernardo , Lavelli Alberto , Speranza Manuela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the last few years, three important factors have influenced the Italian Language Technology (LT) community: 1. in 2015, the foundation of the Associazione Italiana di Linguistica Computazionale (Italian Association for Computational Linguistics, AILC); 2. the organisation of CLiC-it, the annual Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics; 3. the organisation of the EVALITA (Evaluation of NLP and Speech Tools for Italian) evaluation campaigns. This situation is producing a widespread expansion of interest in LT for Italian in academia and industry.
Digital Language Equality: Definition, Metric, Dashboard
Authors: Gaspari Federico , Grützner-Zahn Annika , Rehm Georg , Gallagher Owen , Giagkou Maria , Piperidis Stelios , Way Andy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter presents the concept of Digital Language Equality (DLE) that was at the heart of the European Language Equality (ELE) initiative, and describes the DLE Metric, which includes technological factors (TFs) and contextual factors (CFs): the former concern the availability of Language Resources and Technologies (LRTs) for the languages of Europe, based on the data included in the European Language Grid (ELG) catalogue, while the latter reflect the broader socio-economic contexts and ecosystems of the languages, as these determine the potential for LRT development. The chapter discusses related work, presents the DLE definition and describes how it was implemented through the DLE Metric, explaining how the TFs and CFs were quantified. The resulting scores of the DLE Metric for Europe’s languages can be visualised and compared through the interactive DLE dashboard, to monitor the progress towards DLE in Europe.
Language Report Romanian
Authors: Păiş Vasile , Tufiş Dan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the previous META-NET report, there have been significant improvements (e. g., creation of a large Romanian national corpus, steady progress in written language technologies, LT, construction of a national LT portal for the Romanian language etc.), but things are far from what they should be. Support for LT and AI through national programmes is still modest, although there are signs of a more active involvement of policy makers in the strategic planning and funding programmes in this domain. Continued research is required to produce large language models, able to capture the characteristics of the Romanian language. Large language resources need to be created so that AI systems are able to learn from them.