bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ‘Coal Measures’ of Grand Ledge, Michigan, USA
Authors: Brandt Danita S. , Velbel Michael A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The best-exposed natural bedrock outcrops in Michigan's southern peninsula are Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) sandstone ledges underlain by silts, clays, and coals in classic midcontinent ‘cyclothem’ stratigraphy, exposed along the Grand River in the city of Grand Ledge. Native Americans used the underclay in pottery; later commercial mining was the basis for clay-products factories. In the 1800s, the ledges provided a picturesque setting for a resort economy. Among the beneficiaries of repurposed quarries (now parks) are generations of Michigan geoscience students. A trip to Grand Ledge is often the first geology field experience for many students and plays an important role in the professional development of practising geoscientists and geoscience educators in Michigan. After an announcement of plans to expand the city's water treatment plant, adjacent to the cyclothem exposure, geologists from academia, government, and industry united to support preservation of the outcrops. City officials, previously unaware of the geoheritage value of the rocks exposed in their parks, are willing to work with geoscientists to preserve the site. This experience underscored the importance of documenting the geoheritage of the Grand Ledge area and establishing relationships with those who have oversight of these ‘greatest outcrops’ to ensure their preservation for future generations.
The Maastrichtian type area (Netherlands–Belgium): a synthesis of 250+ years of collecting and ongoing progress in Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy and palaeontology
Authors: Jagt John W. M. , Claessens Leon P. A. M. , Fraaije René H. B. , Jagt-Yazykova Elena A. , Mulder Eric W. A. , Schulp Anne S. , Wallaard Jonathan J. W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Cretaceous limestones near Maastricht (SE Netherlands) have been quarried at least since Roman times. In the late eighteenth century, scientific interest developed in their macrofossil content and specimens were illustrated for the first time. Amongst the early discoveries was a partial skull of a large predatory vertebrate that would play an important role in the emergence of modern palaeontology and our understanding of the concept of extinction. After decades of scientific debate, this animal was recognized as a large extinct marine relative of monitor lizards (varanoids) and named
Mosasaurus.
A detailed lithostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous (Santonian–Maastrichtian) rocks was established in the Maastrichtian type area during the mid-1970s, which resulted in a renewed interest in fossil hunting by professional and amateur palaeontologists alike. During recent decades, both micro- and macrofossils have enabled a refinement of biozonations, correlations within the basin and with sections elsewhere, a greater insight into taphonomic processes and updated taxonomic interpretations. A new age model and chemostratigraphical framework is the most recent addition, permitting the placement of geoheritage in a larger frame and intensifying outreach to the public, including also virtual and augmented reality and hands-on experience to visitors of museum and (disused) quarries alike.
Chickies Rock, a striking promontory on the Susquehanna River: the early Cambrian type locality of the trace fossil
Skolithos
and a model site for structural analysis
Authors: Thomas Roger D. K. , Driscoll Elizabeth L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Chickies Rock rises abruptly from the east bank of the Susquehanna River at Columbia, Pennsylvania, where it breaks through a ridge held up by massively bedded quartzite. Here in the 1830s, Samuel Haldeman recognized long straight tubes that he later described as
Skolithos linearis
, penetrating the quartzite. Uncertain about the nature of these cylindrical ‘vermiform or linear’, unbranched ‘stems’, Haldeman first treated them as a subgenus of
Fucoides
, to which root-like traces were then often assigned. By the time James Hall first illustrated the species in 1847, Haldeman was sure they were burrows of a worm-like animal, as the name he had chosen implied. Since 1960, Donald Wise has developed a detailed analysis of structural deformation of the Chickies Anticline, using the
Skolithos
burrows as ‘plumb-bobs’ against which Taconic rotation of the rock fabric can be measured. Wise showed that later Alleghanian deformation produced prominent folds with external rotation up to twice as great as that of the rock fabric itself. Now conserved as a county park, Chickies Rock attracts many visitors. Its cliff-top is a superb viewpoint from which to contemplate progressive westward migration of the Appalachian drainage divide, ongoing since the late Jurassic opening of the Atlantic Ocean.
A Bifunctional PARP-HDAC Inhibitor with Activity in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Ramos Louise , Truong Sarah , Zhai Beibei , Joshi Jay , Ghaidi Fariba , Lizardo Michael M. , Shyp Taras , Kung Sonia H.Y. , Rezakhanlou Alireza M. , Oo Htoo Zarni , Adomat Hans , Le Bihan Stephane , Collins Colin , Bacha Jeffrey , Brown Dennis , Langlands John , Shen Wang , Lallous Nada , Sorensen Poul H. , Daugaard Mads 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown to induce pharmacologic “BRCAness” in cancer cells with proficient DNA repair activity. This provides a rationale for exploring combination treatments with HDAC and PARP inhibition in cancer types that are insensitive to single-agent PARP inhibitors (PARPi). Here, we report the concept and characterization of a novel bifunctional PARPi (kt-3283) with dual activity toward PARP1/2 and HDAC enzymes in Ewing sarcoma cells.

Experimental Design:
Inhibition of PARP1/2 and HDAC was measured using PARP1/2, HDAC activity, and PAR formation assays. Cytotoxicity was assessed by IncuCyte live cell imaging, CellTiter-Glo, and spheroid assays. Cell-cycle profiles were determined using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. DNA damage was examined by γH2AX expression and comet assay. Inhibition of metastatic potential by kt-3283 was evaluated via ex vivo pulmonary metastasis assay (PuMA).

Results:
Compared with FDA-approved PARP (olaparib) and HDAC (vorinostat) inhibitors, kt-3283 displayed enhanced cytotoxicity in Ewing sarcoma models. The kt-3283-induced cytotoxicity was associated with strong S and G2–M cell-cycle arrest in nanomolar concentration range and elevated DNA damage as assessed by γH2AX tracking and comet assays. In three-dimensional spheroid models of Ewing sarcoma, kt-3283 showed efficacy in lower concentrations than olaparib and vorinostat, and kt-3283 inhibited colonization of Ewing sarcoma cells in the ex vivo PuMA model.

Conclusions:
Our data demonstrate the preclinical justification for studying the benefit of dual PARP and HDAC inhibition in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma in a clinical trial and provides proof-of-concept for a bifunctional single-molecule therapeutic strategy.
Cost-Effectiveness of Quadruple Therapy in Management of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction in the United States
Authors: Yan Brandon W. , Spahillari Aferdita , Pandya Ankur 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The 2022 clinical guidelines for management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction call for quadruple therapy. Quadruple therapy consists of an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and beta blocker. The ARNi and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor are newer additions to standard of care with the ARNi replacing ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.

Methods:
We investigate the cost-effectiveness of sequentially adding the SGLT2i and ARNi to form quadruple therapy as compared with the previous standard of care with ACE inhibitor/mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist/beta blocker. Using a 2-stage Markov model, we projected the expected lifetime discounted costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of a simulated cohort of US patients who underwent each treatment option and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. We assessed incremental cost-effectiveness ratios using criteria for health care value (<$50 000/quality-adjusted life year [QALY] indicating high-value, $50 000–150 000/QALY indicating intermediate value, and >$150 000/QALY indicating low-value) and a standard $100 000/QALY cost-effectiveness threshold.

Results:
Compared with the previous standard of care, the SGLT2i addition had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $73 000/QALY and weakly dominated the ARNi addition. The addition of both the ARNi and SGLT2i for quadruple therapy offered 0.68 additional discounted QALYs over the SGLT2i addition alone at a lifetime discounted cost of $66 700, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $98 500/QALY. In sensitivity analysis varying drug prices, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for quadruple therapy ranged from $73 500/QALY using prices available to the US Department of Veterans Affairs to $110 000/QALY using drug list prices.

Conclusions:
While quadruple therapy offers intermediate value, it is borderline cost effective compared with adding the SGLT2i alone to previous standard of care. Thus, its cost-effectiveness is sensitive to a payer’s ability to negotiate discounts off the increasing list prices for ARNI and SGLT2is. The demonstrated benefits of ARNi and SGLT2is should be weighed against their high prices in payer and policy considerations.
Shadows of the Thrown Spear: Girolamo Cardano on Anxiety, Dreams, and the Divine in Nature
Authors: Regier Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Girolamo Cardano (1501–1576), a preeminent natural philosopher, physician and astrologer of the sixteenth century, is known for the great diversity of his intellectual pursuits and writings. Across much of his work, we find an overriding concern with the dangers of human life, how those dangers might be foreseen, and how their effects can be mitigated. This essay begins by considering the epistemic significance of anxiety as it is described in his autobiography, the De propria vita. When Cardano had devoted so much effort to working out method and sense in medicine and astrology, why do episodes of foreknowledge in the autobiography seem so haphazard and disorienting? I use this question to examine Cardano’s views on the possibilities and limits of human foreknowledge, paying special attention to his treatise on dreams, the Somniorum Synesiorum libri quatuor, and his commentary on Ptolemy’s Tetrabiblos.
Cupido-Putto oder Weltmacht Eros? Der Calvinist Theobald Hock (1573–ca. 1623) wider den habsburgischen Hofkomponisten Jacob Regnart (1540–1599)
Authors: Kühlmann Wilhelm 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Calvinist politician and diplomat Theobald Hock (1573–ca. 1623) published in his collection Schönes Blumenfeld (1601) the poem “Das Cupido kein Kindt sey” (Cupid is not a child). Hitherto hardly noticed, it is a clear palinody to one of the most famous song poems of the epoch, to “Venus du und dein Kind” (Venus you and your child) written by the Kapellmeister and poet-composer Jacob Regnart († 1599) who was in Habsburg service. Both authors lived in Prague for a short time before 1599. Hock did not protest primarily against the use of pagan mythologems, as did some Christian rigorists (such as J. Rist), but (in a critical obituary of his Catholic neighbour?) Hock polemically dismisses Regnart’s text as a document of a foolish superstition that was widespread even among the educated. He replaces it with a conception of an omnipotent Eros that goes back to Hesiod and Plato, apparently mediated by rinascimental Platonism (M. Ficino), and which accompanies and drives all creations, including man’s cultural and moral achievements. Hock thus joins critical questions that the puerile figure of the naked Cupid/Amor had also provoked elsewhere (for example in the emblem book of Andreas Alciatus).
Neocolonialism and the Technopolitics of Specialization: Toward a Reimagination of the Sociotechnical Imaginaries Approach
Authors: Imbong Regletto Aldrich 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As a theoretical framework in the Science and Technology Studies (sts) scholarship, the sociotechnical imaginaries approach (sta) has provided a conceptual framework and methodology that not only overcome the deterministic understanding of technological development but also theorized the relationship between society on the one hand, and science and technology on the other. However, as will be pointed out, a limitation of the sta renders it incapable of problematizing what I will call as the technopolitics of specialization, defined as the organization of unequal positions based on the capitalist centers’ control over techno-epistemic networks set against the backdrop of a neocolonial relation. Such an incapacity glosses over the persistence of neocolonialism and dependency especially in the Global South.
This paper aims to reimagine the theoretical framework of the sociotechnical imaginaries by developing a critical review of its approach. The paper will place in dialogue the most recent and relevant conceptual developments of the sta and the dependency theory of Samir Amin. The paper will present how the most relevant literature concerning the sta work on the assumption that every polity has control over existing techno-epistemic networks from which imaginaries are independently defined. The paper will argue that given the notion of international specialization developed by Samir Amin and presupposed today in the sta, the technopolitics of specialization monopolizes control of the techno-epistemic networks thereby constraining the imaginaries of peripheral countries.
A Case Study of Individual Contextual Characteristics Impact on Korean Elementary School Students’ Interest in Science Using Phase of Interest Development and the Process-Person-Context-Time Models
Authors: Choi Yoon-Sung 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examines the individual contextual characteristics of elementary school students in Korea during the phase of interest development, using Phase of Interest Development (PIT) and Process-Person-Context-Time (PPCT) models. Four students from each level of interest development were selected to participate, and they wrote photo-journals for 12 weeks while meeting with the researcher every two weeks for semi-structured interviews. The results show that students with higher levels of interest in science tend to participate more in science activities, become more independent, and re-engage in activities. The findings suggest that factors within the microsystem, such as schoolteachers or parents, may have an influence on students’ interest in science, regardless of their level of interest. This study contributes to the theoretical foundation of interest in science research and may be useful for developing strategies to increase students’ interest in science.
The Roles of Chaos Seeding and Multiple Perturbations in Convection-Permitting Ensemble Forecasting over Southern China
Authors: Wang Jingzhuo , Chen Jing , Li Hongqi , Xue Haile , Xu Zhizhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The roles of chaos seeding and multiple perturbations, including model perturbations and topographic perturbations, in convection-permitting ensemble forecasting, are assessed. Six comparison experiments were conducted for 14 heavy rainfall events over southern China. Chaos seeding was run as a benchmark experiment to compare their effects to the intended perturbations. The results first reveal the chaos seeding phenomenon. That is, the tiny and local perturbations of the skin soil moisture propagate into the whole analysis domain within an hour and expand to every prognostic variable, and the perturbations derived from chaos seeding develop when moist convection is active. Second, the chaos seeding has a statistically significant difference from our intended perturbations for the ensemble spread magnitudes of precipitation and the spread–skill relationships and probabilistic forecast skills of dynamical variables. Additionally, for the probabilistic forecasts of precipitation, initial and lateral boundary perturbations and model perturbations can yield statistically larger FSS and AROC scores than chaos seeding; topographic perturbations can only improve FSS and AROC scores a little. The different performances may be related to the different degrees of the real dynamical influence of our intended perturbations. Finally, model perturbations can increase the ensemble spreads of precipitation, and improve FSS and AROC scores of precipitation and the consistency of mid- and low-level dynamical variables. However, the effects of topographic perturbations are small.
Intensity-Dependent Influence of Interoceptive Accuracy on Psychophysiological Responses During Aerobic Exercise in Physically Inactive Men
Authors: Farias-Junior Luiz Fernando , Machado Daniel Gomes da Silva , Agrícola Pedro Moraes Dutra , do Nascimento Paulo Henrique Duarte , Elsangedy Hassan Mohamed , Okano Alexandre Hideki , de Sousa Maria Bernardete Cordeiro 
Published: June 2023

We aimed to investigate the influence of interoceptive accuracy on affective valence, arousal, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during 20 minutes of aerobic exercise at both moderate and heavy intensity among physically inactive men. We divided our participant sample into men with poor heartbeat perception (PHP, n = 13) and good heartbeat perception (GHP, n = 15), based on their cardioceptive accuracy. We measured their heart rate reserve (%HRreserve), perceived affective valence (Feeling Scale; +5/-5), perceived arousal (Felt Arousal Scale, 0–6), and ratings of perceived effort (RPE; Borg scale 6–20) every five minutes during an exercise session on a bicycle ergometer. During moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, the GHP group presented a greater decline in affective valence ( p = 0.010; d = 1.06) and a greater increase in RPE ( p = 0.004; d = 1.20) compared to the PHP group, with no group differences in %HRreserve ( p = 0.590) and arousal ( p = 0.629). Psychophysiological and physiological responses to the heavy-intensity aerobic exercise were not different between groups. We concluded that the influence of interoceptive accuracy on psychophysiological responses during submaximal fixed-intensity aerobic exercise was intensity-dependent in these physically inactive men.
Validation of a new model of selective antegrade cerebral perfusion with circulatory arrest in rats
Authors: Linardi Daniele , Mani Romel , Di Nicola Venanzio , Perrone Fabiola , Martinazzi Sara , Tessari Maddalena , Faggian Giuseppe , Luciani Giovanni Battista , Rungatscher Alessio 
Published: June 2023

Background Selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) is adopted as an alternative to deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) during aortic arch surgery. However, there is still no preclinical evidence to support the use of SACP associated with moderate hypothermia (28–30°C) instead of DHCA (18–20°C). The present study aims to develop a reliable and reproducible preclinical model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with SACP applicable for assessing the best temperature management. Materials and methods A central cannulation through the right jugular vein and the left carotid artery was performed, and CPB was instituted. Animals were randomized into two groups: normothermic circulatory arrest without or with cerebral perfusion (NCA vs SACP). EEG monitoring was maintained during CPB. After 10 min of circulatory arrest, rats underwent 60 min of reperfusion. After that, animals were sacrificed, and brains were collected for histology and molecular biology analysis. Results Power spectral analysis of the EEG signal showed decreased activity in both cortical regions and lateral thalamus in all rats during the circulatory arrest. Only SACP determined complete recovery of brain activity and higher power spectral signal compared to NCA ( p < 0.05). Histological damage scores and western blot analysis of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins like caspase-3 and Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) were significantly lower in SACP compared to NCA. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and RNA binding protein 3 (RBM3) involved in cell-protection mechanisms were higher in SACP, showing better neuroprotection ( p < 0.05). Conclusions SACP by cannulation of the left carotid artery guarantees good perfusion of the whole brain in this rat model of CPB with circulatory arrest. The present model of SACP is reliable, repeatable, and not expensive, and it could be used in the future to achieve preclinical evidence for the best temperature management and to define the best cerebral protection strategy during circulatory arrest.
Gamification and Sustainable Water Use: The Case of the BLUTUBE Educational Program
Authors: Di Paolo Roberto , Pizziol Veronica 
Published: June 2023

Background In a world increasingly stressed by climate change and scarcity of natural resources, the prosocial behaviors of new generations become increasingly essential, especially when aimed at sustainability. This study aims to investigate the gamified system applied to the game-based educational program BLUTUBE, designed to promote better practices regarding virtuous water usage in the primary schools of the Municipality of Lucca. Methods We analyze the self-reported sustainable behaviors of almost 800 students of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades, using a survey about water consumption and awareness of related topics. We examine the association between the increase in the self-reported prosocial behaviors, which occurs after the end of the educational program, and participation in different activities - measured by the number of accumulated points - stimulated through gamification. Results We find that higher participation in gamified activities corresponds more likely to a higher increase in reported sustainable behaviors. Moreover, we observe that this result is led by specific activities - playing the board game Blutube at school, playing the urban game, and taking pictures of virtuous actions - rather than others - playing the board game at home. Lastly, given the difference between genders in the perceived benefits from gamification, we find that males increase more their awareness about sustainable behaviors by playing more the board game than females. In contrast, females raise their awareness when playing the urban game more. Discussion We suggest that playing the board game in a broader social context, such as school, can enhance the perception of children’s behaviors’ impacts on the external environment. Also, to effectively promote sustainable behaviors, educators should consider using game-based learning materials that incorporate rewards mechanisms into the activities. Conclusions This work sheds light on the relationship between gamification and pro-environmental behaviors, laying the ground for future research.