bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic analysis of aggressive ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroaki , Kosaka Takeo , Nakamura Kohei , Kimura Tokuhiro , Nishihara Hiroshi , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundGenomic profile analysis using next‐generation sequencing can potentially elucidate the pathogenesis of rare cancers. Ductal adenocarcinoma, a rare subtype of prostate cancer, has an aggressive nature. This is the first study to analyze the genomic profile of ductal adenocarcinoma in an Asian population.MethodsWe identified 12 patients newly diagnosed with ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate at two hospitals, and nine patients (75.0%) had the pure type. Genomic assessment was performed using either the PleSSision testing platform or FoundationOne CDx.ResultsAt least one genomic alteration occurred in 11 patients (91.7%), and the most frequently mutated gene was tumor suppressor protein p53 (TP53), which was found in six cases (50.0%). Alterations characteristic of this cohort were found in four cases (33.3%) of retinoblastoma transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1), which was only observed in the pure type. Compared to previous study results, the frequency of genetic alterations in the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) pathway (n = 3; 25.0%) and Wnt‐β‐catenin pathway (n = 5; 41.7%) was comparable, but no alterations in the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway were observed. None of the patients presented high tumor mutation burden or microsatellite instability.ConclusionsWe found that the Asian cohort with ductal adenocarcinoma had actionable alterations, and a high frequency of alterations in TP53 and RB1 reflected the aggressive nature of the tumor. Genetic analysis using next‐generation sequencing is expected to help elucidate the pathogenesis of ductal adenocarcinoma.
Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Fungal Strains Isolated fromPiper nigrumRoots: Experimental and Computational Approaches
Authors: Luyen Nguyen Dinh , Huong Le Mai , Ha Nguyen Thi Thu , Tra Nguyen Thanh , Anh Le Thi Tu , Tuyen Nguyen Van , Posta Katalin , Son Ninh The , Pham‐The Hai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current report describes the chemical investigation and biological activity of extracts produced by three fungal strainsFusarium oxysporum,Penicillium simplicissimum, andFusarium proliferatumisolated from the roots ofPiper nigrum L. growing in Vietnam. These fungi were namely determined by morphological and DNA analyses. GC/MS identification revealed that the EtOAc extracts of these fungi were associated with the presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. These EtOAc extracts showed cytotoxicity towards cancer cell lines HepG2, inhibited various microbacterial organisms, especially fungusAspergillus nigerand yeastCandida albicans(the MIC values of 50–100 μg/mL). In α‐glucosidase inhibitory assay, they induced the IC50values of 1.00‐2.53 μg/mL were better than positive control acarbose (169.80 μg/mL). The EtOAc extract ofF. oxysporumalso showed strong anti‐inflammatory activity against NO production and PGE‐2 level. Four major compounds linoleic acid (37.346 %), oleic acid (27.520 %), palmitic acid (25.547 %), and stearic acid (7.030 %) from the EtOAc extract ofF. oxysporumwere selective in molecular docking study, by which linoleic and oleic acids showed higher binding affinity towards α‐glucosidase than palmitic and stearic acids. In subsequent docking assay with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid could be moderate inhibitors.
Design, Synthesis, and Structure‐Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies of Ketone‐Isobenzofuranone Hybrid Herbicides
Authors: Chotsaeng Nawasit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThirty‐five ketone‐isobenzofuranone hybrids (1–35) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their herbicidal activity against Chinese amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus‐galli). The structure‐activity relationship (SAR) results revealed that the position and type of substituent were crucial for activity. The o‐substituted derivatives outperformed the m‐ and p‐substituted derivatives. Compounds with strong electron‐donating groups (OH, OMe) had low activity, while those with heterocycles (N‐methylpyrrole, furan, and thiophene) had a moderate herbicidal effect. Compounds with a weak electron‐donating group (Me) and weak, moderate, and strong electron‐withdrawing groups (F, Cl, Br, and NO2) showed promising herbicidal activity. Among these, the o‐F substituted compound (20) was the most effective against Chinese amaranth, and the o‐Cl substituted compound (23) was the most potent against barnyard grass. This is the first time the herbicidal potential of ketone‐isobenzofuranone hybrids has been studied. The discovery of current chemical clues would be beneficial for the development of novel herbicides.
One‐Pot Tandem Coupling Method for the Short‐Step Formal Synthesis of Riccardin C
Authors: Kobatake Miho , Miyoshi Norikazu , Ueno Masaharu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne‐pot reactions reduce reagent amounts and circumvent process treatments, such as work‐up and purifications in multi‐step reactions. In this study, we achieved the formal total synthesis of riccardin C through a one‐pot reaction by simultaneously linking four units through two Sonogashira coupling reactions and one Suzuki coupling reaction, followed by reduction and deprotection. Thus, this one‐pot method comprised five steps and did not require the purification of intermediate reaction mixtures, which saves resources, such as reagents and solvents, and expedites the work process.
Strategies for Improving the Brightness of Aggregation‐Induced Emission Materials at Aggregate Level†
Authors: Gui Yixiong , Chen Keyao , Sun Yan , Tan Yonghong , Luo Wenshuai , Zhu Dongxia , Xiong Yu , Yan Dingyuan , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe brightness of fluorescent agents directly determines the imaging performance as required. Among various fluorophores, small organic species are promising given its exact purity/composition and excellent processibility. However, chromophores with planar geometry may suffer from the undesirable aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) phenomenon. Encouragingly, luminogens showing aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) features are preferable as the aggregates which are the most common used state. In this review, we mainly focus on the strategies employed for boosting the brightness of AIE‐active luminogens (AIEgens). From molecule to morphology levels, approaches that regulate electronic transition processes of the molecule or the packing extent of aggregates in order to confine molecular motion, reduce π‐π stacking, disrupt fluorophore‐water interactions, etc., are presented. In the end, the current challenges and perspectives are briefly discussed. We anticipate that this review will stimulate new insights and more efforts for the advancement of ultrabright AIEgens.
Novel traffic congestion detection algorithms for smart city applications
Authors: Bawaneh Mohammad , Simon Vilmos 
Published: December 2022

SummaryTraffic congestion detection (TCD) techniques are becoming a critical component of traffic management systems. They can be considered a pre‐step to address traffic jam problems, providing useful input for traffic management systems to predict and avoid traffic congestions' unwanted effects. In this research article, two novel real‐time congestion detection algorithms are proposed, the TCD algorithm and the ensemble based traffic congestion detection (EB‐TCD) algorithm. TCD can detect the congestion based on one traffic feature (i.e., speed, occupancy, or flow). TCD first cleans and preprocesses the traffic data. After, it computes the absolute of the first derivative of each sample in the traffic feature to determine its anomaly score. Then, the anomaly likelihood of each sample is computed to classify it as an anomaly or normal sample. On the other hand, EB‐TCD utilizes the information contained in multiple traffic features in parallel by proposing an ensemble technique to combine the anomaly scores coming out from the different traffic features in one unified score. EB‐TCD computes an anomaly score based on each traffic feature separately. Then, it votes for each sample in each traffic feature as an anomaly or not (from the corresponding traffic feature's point of view). After, the weight for each traffic feature is determined by studying the dissimilarity between their anomaly scores. These weights show how much each traffic feature explains the traffic behavior. Finally, the results are combined to form a unified anomaly score for each sample. The proposed statistical‐based techniques are able to detect changes in traffic patterns while mitigating the effect of noise in traffic data. Moreover, the proposed algorithms' parameters were tuned and tailored for fast detection, which is a crucial feature for traffic management systems since fast detection accelerates decision‐making. The computational complexity analysis has shown the simplicity of the proposed algorithms. Furthermore, the evaluation results have shown that the two algorithms outperform other widespread methods from the literature in terms of false alarm rate and detection time while keeping the detection rate at the same high level.
An efficient trust inference model in online social networks using fuzzy petri nets
Authors: Yarava Anitha , Bindu C. Shoba 
Published: December 2022

SummarySharing and exchanging of information among the group of users is the objective of social networks. With the growing popularity of the internet applications, many of the interactions are among the unknown users. Estimation of the user trustworthiness prior to conversation with him can increase the confidence level of a person in taking right decisions. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram and Google+ are some of the most popular social networks, where the similar kinds of users share their messages and photos. In this article, the proposed method “Trust Inference Model in Online Social Networks Using Fuzzy Petri Nets (TMFPN)” computes the user trust value through two phases, that is, direct and indirect using twitter user data set. The direct trust of a user is evaluated based on his social activities like (follower count, listed count, mentions received, re tweets received, and posts) using fuzzy inference model. For the users those are not in direct interaction, indirect trust is computed. Proposed method‐TMFPN gathers network information through trust propagation and models the social network as a fuzzy petri net. Where users and interactions are considered as places and transitions, respectively. Here the concurrent reasoning algorithm (CRA) is applied over the converted FPN, for the selection of reliable trustworthy paths between two users at multiple hops distance. Performance of the proposed method is verified theoretically and practically. In the experiment results, performance of TMFPN is compared with existing trust computing methods in computation of indirect trust of multihop away users.
Unconventional Phase Synergies with Doping Engineering Over Ni Electrocatalyst Featuring Regulated Electronic State for Accelerated Urea Oxidation
Authors: Li Ping , Li Wenqin , Huang Yuqi , Huang Quhua , Li Jixin , Zhao Shien , Tian Shuanghong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExploring high‐performing Ni‐based electrocatalysts for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is crucial for developing urea‐related energy technologies yet remains a daunting challenge. In this study, a synergistic anomalous hcp phase and heteroatom doping engineering over metallic Ni are found to enhance the UOR. A metal‐organic framework‐mediated approach is proposed to construct Ni nanoparticles (NPs) with designated crystal phase embedded in N‐doped carbon (fcc‐Ni/NC and hcp‐Ni/NC). Significant crystal phase‐dependent catalytic activity for the UOR is observed; hcp‐Ni/NC, featuring unusual hcp phase, outperforms fcc‐Ni/NC with conventional fcc phase. Moreover, incorporating foreign Mn species in hcp‐Ni/NC can further dramatically promote UOR, making it among the best UOR catalysts reported to date. From experimental results and DFT calculations, the specific nanoarchitecture, involving an anomalous hcp phase together with Mn doping engineering, endows hcp‐MnNi/NC with abundant exposed active sites, facile charge transfer, and more significantly, optimized electronic state, giving rise to enriched Ni3+ active species and oxygen vacancies on the catalyst surface during electrocatalysis. These features collectively contribute to the enhanced UOR activity. This work highlights a potent design strategy to develop advanced catalysts with regulated electronic state through synergistic crystal phase and doping engineering.
Dynamic cell sleeping mechanism: An energy‐efficient approach for Mobile 5G HetCN
Authors: Borah Janmoni , Sheikh Tasher Ali , Bora Joyatri 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThe paper proposes a novel cell sleeping mechanism for enhancing network energy‐efficiency and to combat dynamic downlink interferences linked with mobile Small Cells (mSCs) in a 5G Heterogeneous Cellular Network (HetCN). The proposed Dynamic Mobile Cell Sleeping Mechanism (DMCSM) allows deployed vehicle‐mounted mSCs to dynamically go into sleep based on the calculated distances of users from its serving mSCs BS. With this mechanism, vehicular mSCs during mobility dynamically calculate their distances with the Macrocell (MC) users. The mSCs go into sleep or get deactivated for a while based on the calculated distance and the cell radius defined for mSCs. The mSCs will get active and starts to provide services to the users that are found within their coverage radius. The setup 5G HetCN is investigated with a MC superimpose with fixed SCs (fSCs) and mobile SCs (mSCs). The proficiency of DMCSM is investigated with the exploitation of existing sub 6 GHz groups at MCs and the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrums at deployed fSCs and mSCs. The network downlink performance metrics: user throughput, sumrate, energy‐efficiency, and outage probability, have been explored. The work also depicts a comparison of the proposed DMCSM mechanism with the author's previously proposed ICI mitigation techniques.
Gastric‐type duodenal neoplasms with rapid growth: A report of two cases
Authors: Sawada Rikimaru , Kimoto Yoshiaki , Furuta Koichi , Nagae Shinya , Ito Yohei , Takeuchi Nao , Takayanagi Shunya , Kano Yuki , Ishii Rindo , Sakuno Takashi , Negishi Ryoju , Ono Kohei , Minato Yohei , Muramoto Takashi , Hashimoto Hirotsugu , Morikawa Teppei , Ohata Ken 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile duodenal neoplasms of the gastric phenotype are uncommon and their natural history is unknown, gastric neoplasms of gastric phenotype reportedly grow rapidly and can invade the submucosa. Several studies suggest that duodenal neoplasms of gastric phenotype might have a high risk of deep invasion and lymph node metastasis.Duodenal neoplasms of gastric phenotype might also have a high biological malignancy and likely require early treatment if detected. Here, we report two cases of intramucosal duodenal carcinoma with a gastric phenotype that grew rapidly but was successfully resected endoscopically.
Slippery quartz surfaces for anti‐fouling optical windows
Authors: Li Minjing , Yang Tongzhen , Yang Qing , Wang Shaokun , Fang Zheng , Cheng Yang , Hou Xun , Chen Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe surface of camera‐based medical devices is easily smeared by blood and fog during the surgical procedure, causing visual field loss and bringing great distress to both doctors and patients. In this article, a slippery liquid‐infused porous surface (SLIPS) on a quartz window surface that can repel various liquids, especially blood droplets is reported. A femtosecond laser pulse train was used to create periodic microhole structures on the silica surface. The subsequent low surface energy treatment and lubricant infusion led to the successful preparation of a slippery surface. Such blood‐repellent windows exhibited high transparency, great antifogging, and antibacterial properties. In addition, the slippery ability of the as‐prepared surface exhibited outstanding stability since the surface could withstand harsh treatments/environments, such as repeated pipette scratches and immersion in different pH solutions. The as‐prepared millimeter‐sized quartz samples with SLIPS were attached to the endoscope lens as a protective coating and could maintain high visibility after repeated immersion in blood. We believe that the coating developed in this study will provide inspiration for the design of next‐generation endoscopes or other camera‐guided devices that will resist fouling, keep clear vision, and reduce operation time, thus offering great potential applications in lesion diagnosis and therapy.
No stress memory pattern was detected in sugar maple and white spruce seedlings subjected to experimental droughts
Authors: Ribeyre Zoé , Messier Christian , Nolet Philippe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn increase in the frequency and magnitude of drought events threatens the health of forests and the economic, ecological, and societal services they provide. It has been widely demonstrated that trees undergoing a succession of stresses may accumulate lesions that in turn lead to a decrease in their vigor and eventually to death. However, recent studies have shown that a nonlethal stress should also initiate a stress memory, which triggers a faster and stronger plant defensive response when a new stress occurs. Although this mechanism is well understood in many herbaceous plants, a better understanding in trees is needed. The aim of our study was to explore the capacity of two forest tree species to develop a stress memory. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the tree seedlings' vigor after one or two consecutive droughts separate from a rehydration period during the same growing season. No stress memory pattern was observed for the two tree species as, on the contrary, we even observed a stress accumulation pattern in sugar maple. It remains possible that some individuals in our study developed stress memory, but that we were not able to detect it. The fine‐tuning of experimental parameters and the conducting of longitudinal studies would be helpful to detect individual capacity in stress memory activation.
Optimal energy allocation trade‐off driven by size‐dependent physiological and demographic responses to warming
Authors: Thunell Viktor , Gårdmark Anna , Huss Magnus , Vindenes Yngvild 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBody size–dependent physiological effects of temperature influence individual growth, reproduction, and survival, which govern animal population responses to global warming. Considerable knowledge has been established on how such effects can affect population growth and size structure, but less is known of their potential role in temperature‐driven adaptation in life‐history traits. In this study, we ask how warming affects the optimal allocation of energy between growth and reproduction and disentangle the underlying fitness trade‐offs. To this end, we develop a novel dynamic energy budget integral projection model (DEB–IPM), linking individuals' size‐ and temperature‐dependent consumption and maintenance via somatic growth, reproduction, and size‐dependent energy allocation to emergent population responses. At the population level, we calculate the long‐term population growth rate (fitness) and stable size structure emerging from demographic processes. Applying the model to an example of pike (Esox lucius), we find that optimal energy allocation to growth decreases with warming. Furthermore, we demonstrate how growth, fecundity, and survival contribute to this change in optimal allocation. Higher energy allocation to somatic growth at low temperatures increases fitness through survival of small individuals and through the reproduction of larger individuals. In contrast, at high temperatures, increased allocation to reproduction is favored because warming induces faster somatic growth of small individuals and increased fecundity but reduced growth and higher mortality of larger individuals. Reduced optimum allocation to growth leads to further reductions in body size and an increasingly truncated population size structure with warming. Our study demonstrates how, by incorporating general physiological mechanisms driving the temperature dependence of life‐history traits, the DEB–IPM framework is useful for investigating the adaptation of size‐structured organisms to warming.
Trace Cobalt Doping and Defect Engineering of High Surface Area α‐Ni(OH)2 for Electrocatalytic Urea Oxidation
Authors: Liu Yi , Yang Zhihui , Zou Yuqin , Wang Shuangyin , He Junying 
Published: December 2022

Owing to the intrinsically sluggish kinetics of urea oxidation reaction (UOR) involving a six‐electron transfer process, developing efficient UOR electrocatalyst is a great challenge remained to be overwhelmed. Herein, by taking advantage of 2‐Methylimidazole, of which is a kind of alkali in water and owns strong coordination ability to Co2+ in methanol, trace Co (1.0 mol%) addition was found to induce defect engineering on α‐Ni(OH)2 in a dual‐solvent system of water and methanol. Physical characterization results revealed that the synthesized electrocatalyst (WM‐Ni0.99Co0.01(OH)2) was a kind of defective nanosheet with thickness around 5–6 nm, attributing to the synergistic effect of Co doping and defect engineering, its electron structure was finely altered, and its specific surface area was tremendously enlarged from 68 to 172.3 m2 g−1. With all these merits, its overpotential to drive 10 mA cm−2 was reduced by 110 mV. Besides, the interfacial behavior of UOR was also well deciphered by operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
Reaction of Nitro‐Substituted Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Pyrazoles in DMSO: Unexpected Formation of Tandem Kornblum‐Type Ring‐Opening Oxidation/Aza‐Michael Addition Products
Authors: Thangamalar Subaramaniam , Srinivasan Kannupal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe ring‐opening reaction of nitro‐substituted donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes with pyrazoles in DMSO was investigated. Unexpectedly, the cyclopropanes underwent Kornblum‐type ring‐opening oxidation with DMSO to form aroylmethylidene malonates as intermediates in the reactions. The intermediates further underwent aza‐Michael addition with pyrazoles in tandem manner to give the corresponding aza‐Michael adducts. The highlights of the methodology include the occurrence of ring‐opening/oxidation under neutral conditions with DMSO and formation of aza‐Michael adducts with pyrazoles under catalyst‐free conditions.
Radical Arylaminoformylation of Activated Alkenes to Amides Containing All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhang Baohui , Hu Junjie , Qiu Zhenpeng , Chen Xinyan , Tian Xianxiang , Wang Qi , Zheng Guohua , Yuan Ming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein we report an Ag+/S2O82− inducted measure for functionalized succinyl diamides bearing an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter via a radical aminoformylation/aryl‐migration/desulfonylation cascade. The improved process is developed employing readily available and inexpensive oxalic monoamide as a carbamoyl radical precursor through radical Smiles rearrangement. Additionally, the tolerance to oxygen and water, operational simplicity, convenient reagents, as well as scalability, enhance the practical value of the proposed synthesis strategy.