bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Re-evaluating the health performance of historical buildings using WELLV1 rating system”
Authors: Raslan Hala Mohamed , Saeed Dalia Shebl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Southeast Tunisian cave dwellings of Matmata are a well-known historical model which amazingly adapt with cultural, environmental and climatic features of its surrounding. Many studies have discussed the sustainability of these dwellings but none has thoroughly discussed its performance on light of health and wellbeing of its dwellers. The WELLV1 rating system, established in 2016, is a first of a kind certification system that solely focus on the health performance of the built environment. It gives credit to designs that enhance and promote physical and psychological health of the users. The study examines the health performance of Matmata cave dwellings in the light of WELLV1 recommendations and features. The study revealed that these subterranean historical dwellings have proven good performance in relation to daylight saturation, indoor thermal relief, solar glare control, physical activity enhancement, exterior noise reduction, biophilic design and cultural enrichment. On the other hand, they lack sufficient performance in relation to air purification, social interaction, clean water supply, and altruism encouragement. Considering the scientific background, materials and technologies available for those who designed and built these dwellings, the health-related performance of their work seems unique and impressive.
Hydro-chemometrics of the Nubian Aquifer in Sudan: an integration of groundwater quality index, multivariate statistics, and human health risk assessment
Authors: Mohammed Musaab A. A. , Eltijani Abdelrhim , Szabó Norbert P. , Szűcs Péter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis research employed the groundwater quality index (GWQI), multivariate statistical methods, and human health risk assessment model to investigate the suitability of groundwater for domestic uses in northern Khartoum state, Sudan. The groundwater samples were analyzed for eleven physiochemical parameters, including pH, EC, TDS, TH, Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, HCO3− and the primary investigation indicated the deviation of these parameters from World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The hydrochemical analysis revealed different groundwater facies with the dominance of Ca–Mg–HCO3 water type. Consequently, the groundwater samples were classified, based on GWQI, into three categories as 76.4% of the samples fall in the excellent water class, 17.6% are projected in the good water class, and 5.9% of groundwater samples are considered unsuitable for human consumption. The multivariate statistical methods were applied, including Pearson’s correlation analysis, principal component analyses (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Three principal components (PCs) explaining 86.07% of total variances are extracted. These PCs indicated that rock-water interactions and agricultural practices influence groundwater quality in the study area. Additionally, HCA is used to categorize groundwater samples based on the concentration of the physiochemical parameters. Consequently, three types of groundwater were identified as low, medium, and highly mineralized. In the final stage, the non-carcinogenic human health risk was assessed based on the concentration of NO3− using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) models. The obtained hazard quotient for children indicated that 64.7% of groundwater samples are beyond the permissible limit (1 <), and the use of these samples may result in health consequences. Therefore, remedial measures are suggested for the sustainable use of groundwater.
Evaluation of CMIP6 historical simulations over IGAD region of Eastern Africa
Authors: Omay Paulino Omoj , Muthama Nzioka J. , Oludhe Christopher , Kinama Josiah M. , Artan Guleid , Atheru Zachary 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Accuracy of model simulations is critical for climate change and its socio-economic impact. This study evaluated23 Global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). The main objective was to identify the top 10 best performance models in capturing patterns of rainfall for the 1981–2014 period over the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) region of Eastern Africa. The total rainfall, annual cycle, continuous, categorical and Volumatic statistical metrics, scatter plots, Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF), and colored code portrait were used to assess the patterns of total rainfall. Results indicate that most CMIP6 models generally capture the characteristics of the observed climatology pattern of total rainfall, bimodal and unimodal rainfall regimes. The majority of models over Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) in Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia, and Sudan scored the lowest skills, highest bias, and over-estimated rainfall, and lower skills over June–September (JJAS) compared to March–May (MAM) and October-December (OND). Quantitatively, a high percent of bias exceeding 80% scored over ASALs, a high correlation coefficient ranging between 0.6 and 0.7 across Ethiopia’s highlands, and a 5–40 as the lowest Root Mean Squared Error scored over the majority of the region. In addition, 21 out of 23 CMIP6 over-estimated rainfall over most parts of the region. The ACCESS-ESM1-5 and MIROC6 are the most over-estimated models as opposed to CNRM-CM6-1HR as the most model under-estimated rainfall, highest bias, and RMSE values. The regional and sub-national analysis showed it is inconclusive to select best-performed models based on individual metrics and sub-national analysis. Out of 23 models, the INM-CM5-0, HadGEM3-GC31-MM, CMCC-CM2-HR4, IPSL-CM6A-LR, KACE-1-0-G, EC-Earth3, NorESM2-MM, GFDL-ESM4, TaiESM1, and KIOST-ESM are the best 10 performance models over IGAD region. These findings highlight the importance of selecting the best performance models for mapping present and future hotspots and extreme rainfall events over the IGAD region of Eastern Africa.
Small and medium enterprises and sustainable business models: Exploring enabling factors for adoption
Authors: Troise Ciro , Santoro Gabriele , Jones Paul , Bresciani Stefano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn increasing number of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are focusing on sustainable development and on embracing sustainable business models (SBMs). Despite the growing interest of academics and practitioners in SBMs, and the benefits for stakeholders, there is limited knowledge regarding the factors enabling SME transition toward SBMs, leading them to integrate sustainable principles in their BMs. This study explores the enabling factors for SBM adoption by SMEs and provides an improved understanding of this recent phenomenon. Understanding what factors enable adoption of SBMs is crucial for both SMEs and policymakers. The research uses an inductive qualitative research design approach focused on multiple case studies. The findings reveal that both internal and external factors play a key role in enabling SME transition toward SBM adoption. The internal factors that emerged include openness, change of mindset, problemistic search, social exchange, and resource valorization, while external factors included markets change, technological innovation, stakeholders’ influences, policy and institutions.
Surge-type glaciers in Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland): distribution, temporal patterns and climatic controls
Authors: Lovell Harold , Carrivick Jonathan L. , King Owen , Sutherland Jenna L. , Yde Jacob C. , Boston Clare M. , Małecki Jakub 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present the first systematic inventory of surge-type glaciers for the whole of Greenland compiled from published datasets and multitemporal satellite images and digital elevation models. The inventory allows us to define the spatial and climatic distribution of surge-type glaciers and to analyse the timing of surges from 1985 to 2019. We identified 274 surge-type glaciers, an increase of 37% compared to previous work. Mapping surge-type glacier distribution by temperature and precipitation variables derived from ERA5-Land reanalysis data shows that the west and east clusters occur in well-defined climatic envelopes. Analysis of the timing of surge active phases during the periods ~1985 to 2000 (T1) and ~2000 to 2019 (T2) suggests that overall surge activity is similar in T1 and T2, but there appears to be a reduction in surging in the west cluster in T2. Our climate analysis shows a coincident increase in mean annual and mean winter air temperature between T1 and T2. We suggest that as glaciers thin under current warming, some surge-type glaciers in the west cluster may be being prevented from surging due to (1) their inability to build-up sufficient mass and (2) a switch from a polythermal to a largely cold-based thermal regime.
Characterising the ice sheet surface in Northeast Greenland using Sentinel-1 SAR data
Authors: Shu Qingying , Killick Rebecca , Leeson Amber , Nemeth Christopher , Fettweis Xavier , Hogg Anna , Leslie David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver half of the recent mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet, and its associated contribution to global sea level rise, can be attributed to increased surface meltwater runoff, with the remainder a result of dynamical processes such as calving and ice discharge. It is therefore important to quantify the distribution of melting on the ice sheet if we are to adequately understand past ice sheet change and make predictions for the future. In this article, we present a novel semi-empirical approach for characterising ice sheet surface conditions using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter data from the Sentinel-1 satellite. We apply a state-space model to nine sites within North-East Greenland to identify changes in SAR backscatter, and we attribute these to different surface types with reference to optical satellite imagery and meteorological data. A set of decision-making rules for labelling ice sheet melting states are determined based on this analysis and subsequently applied to previously unseen sites. We show that our method performs well in (1) recognising some of the ice sheet surface types such as snow and dark ice and (2) determining whether the surface is melting or not melting. Sentinel-1 SAR data are of high spatial resolution; thus, in developing a method to identify the state of the surface from these data, we improve our capability to understand the variation of ice sheet melting across time and space.
Spatial integration and hierarchy in Old-World wine markets: The role of the 2013 CAP reform
Authors: Rokopanos Andreas , Bersimis Fragiskos , Schamel Guenter , Lallos Christos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe explore the impact of the 2013 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform on spatial price co-movements between the main European Union (EU) wine producer markets (i.e., Spain, France, and Italy). We consider monthly prices from January 2005 to January 2020 and R-Vine copula models, splitting the time period considered in December 2012 to track the changes in (1) the degree of integration, (2) the central markets, and (3) the potential asymmetries after the 2013 CAP reform. The results indicate an increasing overall price dependence from one sub-period to another, with Spain succeeding Italy as the central EU market. We also show asymmetry between Italy and France in the upper tail before 2013 and between Spain and France in the lower tail after 2013.
Batroxobin can improve the efficacy of combination therapy for profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss greater than but not less than 100 dB HL
Authors: Jiang Li Zhu , Zuo Wen Qi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of combination therapy with and without batroxobin, and the frequency of batroxobin use on the prognosis of profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss.MethodsHearing recovery in the batroxobin group (231 patients) and non-batroxobin group (56 patients) was compared. The correlation between the number of times batroxobin was used and hearing recovery was analysed.ResultsThe decrease in hearing threshold and overall improvement rate in the batroxobin group with hearing loss exceeding 100 dB HL was significantly higher than that in the non-batroxobin group. There was no linear correlation between the number of times batroxobin was used and the overall improvement rate. Using batroxobin two to three times achieved a therapeutic effectiveness plateau.ConclusionBatroxobin can improve the efficacy of combination therapy for profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss exceeding 100 dB HL, and using batroxobin two to three times yields the maximum overall improvement rate.
Otolaryngology contribution to the care of patients following non-fatal strangulation in the settings of alleged sexual assault
Authors: Linton Stefan , Mani Navin , Majeed-Ariss Rabiya , Reza Nouraei S A , White Catherine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNon-fatal strangulation as a consequence of a sexual assault attack or domestic violence represents serious bodily harm. Otolaryngologists have an important role in documenting physical findings and managing airway symptoms. This study aimed to describe our otolaryngology department's experience managing patients referred from the sexual assault referral centre who suffered non-fatal strangulation.MethodA retrospective analysis of patients suffering non-fatal strangulation referred to the Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Otolaryngology Department from Saint Mary's Sexual Assault Referral Centre in Manchester between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2019 was carried out.ResultsA total of 86 patients were referred from Saint Mary's Sexual Assault Referral Centre. Of these patients, 56 were given telephone advice and the remaining 30 were seen by the on-call otolaryngology team. In addition, 20 out of 30 (66.6 per cent) patients underwent fibre-optic nasal endoscopy. Common presenting symptoms were neck pain (81.4 per cent), dyspnoea (80.2 per cent) and dizziness (72.1 per cent). Five patients had identifiable laryngeal injury on endoscopy.ConclusionMeticulous documentation is recommended when managing patients who suffer non-fatal strangulation because medical records may be used as evidence in criminal investigations.
Unit Levies after the Batavian Revolt and the Conquest of Northern Britannia
Authors: Kreiner Jared 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the Early Flavian Period over 30 military units were created or transferred for service in Britannia. Paul Holder maintained that these units arrived with Petillius Cerialis for Vespasian's expansionist plans and connected several new levies to the Batavian Revolt. Considering recent scholarship on Roman responses to revolts and Flavian geopolitics, however, this viewpoint requires revision. The author maintains that these units were transferred throughout the 70s c.e. as opportunities developed organically in Britannia. These newly levied units were not created in response to the Batavian Revolt, but due to the extraordinary and complex circumstances within Rome's northern frontiers after the post-Neronian civil wars. This article concludes with updated histories for the auxiliary units involved.
Water Governance and Regional Development in Xi's China
Authors: Zhou Wang , Tsai Wen-Hsuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe governance of China under Xi Jinping functions mainly through leading groups. Using the case of water governance, this article examines the interaction between these groups at three levels: the top-level design group, the riverine macroregion groups and the implementation groups. This governance model is designed to avoid nomenklatura failure, restrict fiscal federalism and reduce the agency problem between the centre and local leaders. For the purpose of water governance, China has been divided into five blocs based on river basins, which we call riverine macroregions. Using this approach, the Chinese Communist Party is combining water governance with regional development and enhancing local governments’ collective implementation of central policy.
The Medico-Legalization of Sex in the Nineteenth-Century United States
Authors: Sudai Maayan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe rising field of medical jurisprudence in common law from late eighteenth century has led to a rearrangement of authority and epistemic power between lay and expert witnesses, in favor of the latter. Although the law had long relied on testimony from members of the community to establish the legal fact of a person's sex, the legal procedure of fact-making started to rely instead on the opinions of doctors, surgeons, and medical practitioners. This article closely reads medical jurisprudence books, U.S. case law, and U.S. newspapers from the nineteenth century to describe this expansion of medical experts’ authority to establish the legal fact of sex in vague cases. The article describes the spread of medico-legal technics of sex classification in three arenas of U.S. law: the law of marriage and divorce, cross-dressing, and defamation. The practice of legal sex classification was thus absorbed into medical expertise, and the meaning of sex in the law transformed from a socio-physical construct to a medical one. The mid-nineteenth-century decline of medical jurisprudence subsequently pushed the practice of sex classification outside the realm of law and into the jurisdiction of the medical profession, thus leaving sex classification mainly to doctors.
Differentiating primary sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from Noonan syndrome: can the electrocardiogram be of use?
Authors: Hauptmeijer Robert W. L. , Lippert Lea , ten Cate Floris E. A. Udink , Fejzic Zina , Leenders Erika , Wolf Cordula M. , Draaisma Jos M. T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNoonan syndrome is a multi-system genetic disorder and patients may suffer from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Previous studies have identified electrocardiographic features that may support a diagnosis of Noonan syndrome. In this two-centre retrospective study, we analysed typical Noonan syndrome-related electrocardiographic features in 30 patients with Noonan syndrome with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and compared these with the electrocardiographic features in 15 children with sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Typical Noonan syndrome-related electrocardiographic features are a negative aVF, small left precordial R-waves, large right precordial S-waves, and abnormal Q-wave. We also analysed electrocardiographic features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: ST-segment abnormalities and T-wave abnormalities. A negative aVF was seen in 83% of patients with Noonan syndrome-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in contrast to 27% of patients with primary sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (p < 0.001). An extreme QRS axis in the north-west was seen only in patients with Noonan syndrome-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This QRS axis deviation is likely to be determined by the Noonan syndrome-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and not by the type of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. There were no differences between the two groups in the frequency of large right precordial S-waves and small R-waves in the left precordial leads V5 and V6. However, an abnormal R/S ratio was more often seen in patients with Noonan syndrome-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (p < 0.001). Pathologic Q-waves were seen statistically more frequently in patients with sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (p = 0.009). The occurrence of ST-segment and T-wave pathology did not statistically differ between the two groups. Electrography can be of use in differentiating sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from Noonan syndrome-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Cross-language semantic and orthographic parafoveal processing by bilingual L1 German–L2 English readers
Authors: Fernandez Leigh B. , Scheepers Christoph , Allen Shanley E. M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn a recent study, Fernandez et al. (2021) investigated parafoveal processing in L1 English and L1 German–L2 English readers using the gaze contingent boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975). Unexpectedly, L2 readers derived an interference from a non-cognate translation parafoveal mask (arrow vs. pfeil), but derived a benefit from a German orthographic parafoveal mask (arrow vs. pfexk) when reading in English. The authors argued that bilingual readers incurred a switching cost from the complete German word, and derived a benefit by keeping both lexicons active from the partial German word. In this registered report, we further test this finding with L1 German–L2 English participants using improved items, but with the sentences presented in German. We were able to replicate the non-cognate translation interference but not the orthographic facilitation. Follow up comparisons showed that all parafoveal masks evoked similar inhibition, suggesting that bilingual readers do not process non-cognate semantic or orthographic information parafoveally.
The neural basis of Number and Person phi-features processing: An fMRI study in highly proficient bilinguals
Authors: Meykadeh Simin , Golfam Arsalan , Batouli Seyed Amir Hossein , Sommer Werner 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNo studies have investigated the neural correlates of Number and Person agreement processing in bilinguals. Because a previous fMRI study showed difference in L1 and L2 morphosyntactic processing of L1 Turkish–L2 Persian bilinguals, it was of interest whether this difference can be specifically attributed to Number or Person processing. Therefore, we reanalyzed these data at the whole-brain level, revealing a selective response for Number Violations in the pars opercularis (PO), whereas Number and Person Violations activated the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG). These results support the decomposition of agreement projections and their neuroanatomical substrates in bilinguals and confirm the involvement of systematically different feature-checking and feature-mapping mechanisms in Number and Person agreement but shared mechanisms between L1 and L2. Moreover, at variance with previous reports, Number Violations evoked more effects than Person Violations in pSTG, suggesting qualitatively different processing underlying R-expression and pronominal controllers.
WALL STABILIZATION IN MINES BY SPRAY-ON LINERS
Authors: MASON D. P. , FOWKES N. D. , YEMATA R. M. , ONYEAGOZIRI C. A , YILMAZ H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThin spray-on liners (TSLs) have been found to be effective for structurally supporting the walls of mining tunnels and thus reducing the occurrence of rock bursts, an effect primarily due to the penetration of cracks by the liner. Surface tension effects are thus important. However, TSLs are also used to simply stabilize rock surfaces, for example, to prevent rock fall, and in this context crack penetration is desirable but not necessary, and the tensile and shearing strength and adhesive properties of the liner determine its effectiveness. We examine the effectiveness of nonpenetrating TSLs in a global lined tunnel and in a local rock support context. In the tunnel context, we examine the effect of the liner on the stress distribution in a tunnel subjected to a geological or mining event. We show that the liner has little effect on stresses in the surrounding rock and that tensile stresses in the rock surface are transmitted across the liner, so that failure is likely to be due to liner rupture or detachment from the surface. In the local rock support context, loose rock movements are shown to be better achieved using a liner with small Young’s modulus, but high rupture strength.