bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projecting the Contribution of Assisted Reproductive Technology to Completed Cohort Fertility
Authors: Lazzari Ester , Potančoková Michaela , Sobotka Tomáš , Gray Edith , Chambers Georgina M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAssisted reproductive technology (ART) is increasingly influencing the fertility trends of high-income countries characterized by a pattern of delayed childbearing. However, research on the impact of ART on completed fertility is limited and the extent to which delayed births are realized later in life through ART is not well understood. This study uses data from Australian fertility clinics and national birth registries to project the contribution of ART for cohorts of women that have not yet completed their reproductive life and estimate the role played by ART in the fertility ‘recuperation’ process. Assuming that the increasing trends in ART success rates and treatment rates continue, the projection shows that the contribution of ART-conceived births to completed fertility will increase from 2.1% among women born in 1968 to 5.7% among women born in 1986. ART is projected to substantially affect the extent to which childbearing delay will be compensated at older ages, suggesting that its availability may become an important factor in helping women to achieve their reproductive plans later in life.
Statistical Analysis of Toxicological Data of Victims of Traffic Accidents in Galicia (Spain)
Authors: Alvarez-Freire Iván , López-Guarnido Olga , Cabarcos-Fernández Pamela , Couce-Sánchez Manuel , Bermejo-Barrera Ana María , Tabernero-Duque María Jesús 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDriving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is a very common behavior in our environment and a serious problem for public health. On the one hand, in 2016, 400,000 people died in the world in traffic accidents in which ethanol was involved. On the other hand, traffic accidents in which the use of drugs of abuse other than ethyl alcohol accounted for more than 160,000 deaths worldwide in 2017. The objective of this work is to carry out a review of the 710 cases of people who died in traffic accidents received at the forensic toxicology service of the Institute of Forensic Sciences of the University of Santiago de Compostela (Galicia-Spain) over a period of 10 years (2009–2019). We performed an observational study of period prevalence, in which the following data were collected: age, sex, year, and analytical results in plasma, in the case of being positive. The data collected was subjected to statistical treatment. Of the 710 cases analyzed, 123 correspond to pedestrians and 587 to occupants of vehicles or motorcycles. A total of 77.6% of the deceased were men. At least one psychotropic substance was found in the blood of almost 40% of the victims. The most frequently found substance was ethyl alcohol, which appeared in 231 cases, more frequently in males. The second place is occupied by benzodiazepines, which appeared in 43 cases, followed by cocaine, which was detected in 25 cases. Polydrug use was found in only 44 cases, with the association of ethanol and cocaine being the most commonly found, followed by that of ethanol and benzodiazepines. Only in 5 of the cases analyzed there were 3 or more substances present. With the data obtained in this study, it is shown that in traffic accidents, the finding of different toxic or medicinal substances is frequent. Ethyl alcohol continues to be very present in road accidents (most detected substance), with the great impact that this implies. Secondly, the presence of benzodiazepines stands out, and cocaine is the third most detected toxic in this study. These results allow to obtain a profile of the substances most frequently involved in traffic accidents. Despite the surveillance, control, and information campaigns that the Spanish Government regularly carries out, the results are far from satisfactory.
Phylogenetic characterization of Orthobunyaviruses isolated from Trinidad shows evidence of natural reassortment
Authors: Foster Jerome E. , López Krisangel , Eastwood Gillian , Guzman Hilda , Carrington Christine V. F. , Tesh Robert B. , Auguste Albert J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe genus Orthobunyavirus is a diverse group of viruses in the family Peribunyaviridae, recently classified into 20 serogroups, and 103 virus species. Although most viruses within these serogroups are phylogenetically distinct, the absence of complete genome sequences has left several viruses incompletely characterized. Here we report the complete genome sequences for 11 orthobunyaviruses isolated from Trinidad, French Guiana, Guatemala, and Panama that were serologically classified into six serogroups and 10 species. Phylogenetic analyses of these 11 newly derived sequences indicate that viruses belonging to the Patois, Capim, Guama, and Group C serocomplexes all have a close genetic origin. We show that three of the 11 orthobunyaviruses characterized (belonging to the Group C and Bunyamwera serogroups) have evidence of histories of natural reassortment through the M genome segment. Our data also suggests that two distinct lineages of Group C viruses concurrently circulate in Trinidad and are transmitted by the same mosquito vectors. This study also highlights the importance of complementing serological identification with nucleotide sequencing when characterizing orthobunyaviruses.
Extended Defects in SiC: Selective Etching and Raman Study
Authors: Weyher J. L. , Tiberj A. , Nowak G. , Culbertson J. C. , Freitas J. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractControlling the electrical properties of SiC requires knowledge of the nature and properties of extended defects. We have employed orthodox defect-selective etching and photo-etching methods to reveal typical and new structural defects in commercial SiC wafers. For photo-etching, the etch rate increases as the free carrier concentration decreases. The etch rate can be used to estimate the free carrier concentration with higher precision, and over a larger lateral and depth range than that accessed by Raman scattering. The logarithmic dependence of the etch rate on the free carrier concentration has been characterized.
Health Literacy is Essential to ASCVD Prevention in Youth
Authors: Mann Harnoor K. , Magnani Jared W. , Johnson Amber E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Health literacy is fundamental to primary and primordial prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASCVD) in children and adolescents. Here we summarize essential components of interventions which address health literacy challenges to reduce ASCVD risk in youth.

Recent Findings
There is a global pandemic of suboptimal health behaviors among youth that may contribute to the increasing rates of ASCVD worldwide. Deficiencies in youth cardiovascular health have promoted increased attention to health education that incorporates health literacy. Studies conducted in both the child (0 to 9 years) and adolescent (10 to 17 years) population have shown improvement in health knowledge, health behaviors such as physical activity and eating habits, and objective measures such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and serum lipid levels. The available literature affirms that the involvement of family and community members in young people’s surroundings—including parents, teachers, and peers—can influence educational interventions’ protective effects.

Summary
Educational interventions which incorporate health literacy have demonstrated potential to address ASCVD risk factors in youth and may be augmented by caregiver and community involvement.
NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Related Mitochondrial Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Han Qiu-Qin , Le Weidong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder caused by the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of Lewy bodies, which are mainly composed of alpha-synuclein fibrils. Alpha-synuclein plays a vital role in the neuroinflammation mediated by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in PD. A better understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation and the related mitochondrial impairment during PD progression may facilitate the development of promising therapies for PD. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying NLRP3 inflammasome activation, comprising priming and protein complex assembly, as well as the role of mitochondrial impairment and its subsequent inflammatory effects on the progression of neurodegeneration in PD. In addition, the therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome for PD treatment are discussed, including the inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammatory pathways, mitochondria-focused treatments, microRNAs, and other therapeutic compounds.
Continuous non-invasive estimates of cerebral blood flow using electrocardiography signals: a feasibility study
Authors: van Bohemen Samuel J. , Rogers Jeffrey M. , Boughton Philip C. , Clarke Jillian L. , Valderrama Joaquin T. , Kyme Andre Z. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper describes a potential method to detect changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) using electrocardiography (ECG) signals, measured across scalp electrodes with reference to the same signal across the chest—a metric we term the Electrocardiography Brain Perfusion index (EBPi). We investigated the feasibility of EBPi to monitor CBF changes in response to specific tasks. Twenty healthy volunteers wore a head-mounted device to monitor EBPi and electroencephalography (EEG) during tasks known to alter CBF. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound measurements provided ground-truth estimates of CBF. Statistical analyses were applied to EBPi, TCD right middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (rMCAv) and EEG relative Alpha (rAlpha) data to detect significant task-induced changes and correlations. Breath-holding and aerobic exercise induced highly significant increases in EBPi and TCD rMCAv (p < 0.01). Verbal fluency also increased both measures, however the increase was only significant for EBPi (p < 0.05). Hyperventilation induced a highly significant decrease in TCD rMCAv (p < 0.01) but EBPi was unchanged. Combining all tasks, EBPi exhibited a highly significant, weak positive correlation with TCD rMCAv (r = 0.27, p < 0.01) and the Pearson coefficient between EBPi and rAlpha was r = − 0.09 (p = 0.05). EBPi appears to be responsive to dynamic changes in CBF and, can enable practical, continuous monitoring. CBF is a key parameter of brain health and function but is not easily measured in a practical, continuous, non-invasive fashion. EBPi may have important clinical implications in this context for stroke monitoring and management. Additional studies are required to support this claim.
Use of Physical Activity Measures in Rehabilitation Interventions Following Lower Extremity Amputation
Authors: Murray L. , McGinty G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This systematic review aims to evaluate physical performance outcome tools that are used most frequently to assess rehabilitation interventions. The scope of this paper focused on outcomes used with established lower limb amputees when assessing interventions such as exercise programs or changes in prescription published in the last 5 years.

Recent Findings
The most recorded outcome measures used across all the papers were timed walk tests and the Activity Balance Confidence Scale. Many outcomes did not produce statistically significant results with established amputee cohorts. Understanding the minimal important clinical difference is key.

Summary
The use of outcome measures is essential. Training and education are likely to increase the use of outcome measures. Quality of life measures are important in conjunction with physical outcomes. Simple timed walk tests are commonly used. These are in general easy to administer requiring a small space, limited equipment, and a short time frame.
Patients’ perspectives on screening for disordered eating among adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Abild Caroline Bruun , Jensen Annesofie Lunde , Lassen Rikke Bjerre , Vestergaard Esben Thyssen , Bruun Jens Meldgaard , Kristensen Kurt , Støving Rene Klinkby , Clausen Loa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposePeople with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of disordered eating (DE) and eating disorders (ED). Screening is recommended however little is known about patients’ perspectives on screening questionnaires. This paper reports qualitative analyses of patients’ perspectives on the questionnaire Diabetes Eating Problem Survey Revised (DEPS-R), including acceptability, attitudes, and cognitive understanding.Research design and methods15 adolescents with type 1 diabetes between 11 and 18 years, were interviewed. A semi-structured format and a qualitative Interpretive Descriptive (ID) methodology was chosen.ResultsThe analyses identified four themes: (1) The Questionnaire, (2) Reframing Diabetes Visits, (3) This is (not) for me, and (4) Out in the Open. The DEPS-R was completed with-in 5–10 min. with no technical difficulties. The questionnaire altered the diabetes visit for some, creating a new dialog, and time for self-reflection. Adolescents appreciated the direct approach in the questionnaire, and showed willingness to complete the questionnaire, when presented to them by a health care professional (HCP). One item in the DEPS-R proved difficult to understand for some participants.ConclusionThe study highlights DEPS-R as a clinically relevant screening questionnaire. Completing DEPS-R prior to a consultation opens the door to a consultation that invites the adolescent to address matters of eating behavior. Our findings suggest that systematic screening of DE/ED using the DEPS-R is both accepted and welcomed by adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Future research should focus on a potential update of selected items in DEPS-R.Level of evidenceV – qualitative study.
RBUE: a ReLU-based uncertainty estimation method for convolutional neural networks
Authors: Xia Yufeng , Zhang Jun , Gong Zhiqiang , Jiang Tingsong , Yao Wen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) have successfully demonstrated their powerful predictive performance in a variety of tasks. However, it remains a challenge to estimate the uncertainty of these predictions simply and accurately. Deep Ensemble is widely considered the state-of-the-art method which can estimate the uncertainty accurately, but it is expensive to train and test. MC-Dropout is another popular method that is less costly but lacks the diversity of predictions resulting in less accurate uncertainty estimates. To combine the benefits of both, we introduce a ReLU-Based Uncertainty Estimation (RBUE) method. Instead of using the randomness of the Dropout module during the test phase (MC-Dropout) or using the randomness of the initial weights of CNNs (Deep Ensemble), RBUE uses the randomness of activation function to obtain diverse outputs in the testing phase to estimate uncertainty. Under the method, we propose strategy MC-DropReLU and develop strategy MC-RReLU. The uniform distribution of the activation function’s position in CNNs allows the randomness to be well transferred to the output results and gives a more diverse output, thus improving the accuracy of the uncertainty estimation. Moreover, our method is simple to implement and does not need to modify the existing model. We experimentally validate the RBUE on three widely used datasets, CIFAR10, CIFAR100, and TinyImageNet. The experiments demonstrate that our method has competitive performance but is more favorable in training time.
Exponential sampling with a multiplier
Authors: Bardaro Carlo , Mantellini Ilaria , Schmeisser Gerhard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe exponential sampling formula has some limitations. By incorporating a Mellin bandlimited multiplier, we extend it to a wider class of functions with a series that converges faster. This series is a generalized exponential sampling series with some interesting properties. Moreover, under a side condition, any generalized exponential sampling series that is interpolating can be generated by a Mellin bandlimited multiplier. For an error analysis, we consider a truncated series with $$2N+1$$

2
N
+
1

terms and look for a highest speed of convergence as $$N\rightarrow \infty $$

N
→
∞

. We show by using a certain non-bandlimited multiplier, which introduces in addition an aliasing error, that we can achieve a higher rate of convergence to the function, namely $$\mathcal {O}(e^{-\alpha N})$$

O
(

e

-
α
N

)

with $$\alpha >0$$

α
>
0

, than with the truncated series of an exact formula. The results are illustrated by three examples.
On the relation of the frame-related operators of fusion frame systems
Authors: Köhldorfer Lukas , Balazs Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrames have been investigated frequently over the last few decades due to their valuable properties, which are desirable for various applications as well as interesting for theory. Some applications additionally require distributed processing techniques, which naturally leads to the concept of fusion frames and fusion frame systems. The latter consists of a system of subspaces, equipped with local frames on each of them, and a global frame. In this paper, we investigate the relations of the associated frame-related operators on all those three levels. For that we provide a detailed investigation on bounded block diagonal operators between Hilbert direct sums. We give the relation of the frame-related operators of the fusion frame and the corresponding frame systems in terms of operator identities. By applying these identities we prove further properties of fusion frame systems.
Improvement of recovery yield of macro-organismal environmental DNA from seawater samples
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Minamoto Toshifumi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, environmental DNA (eDNA) technology has been used in a variety of water environments. Environmental DNA concentrations in marine samples tend to be lower than those in freshwater samples, and few studies have explored methods to improve the recovery yields of eDNA from seawater samples. In this study, we compared different seawater preservation solutions (RNAlater or ATL) to improve eDNA yields. The eDNA concentrations of vertebrate and invertebrate species were compared using species-specific eDNA assays, and the number of detected fish and their compositions were compared using metabarcoding analysis. ATL treatment resulted in significantly higher eDNA yields for both vertebrate and invertebrate species than RNAlater treatment. Metabarcoding analysis revealed non-significant effects of preservation on the number of detected species and species composition. These results suggest that ATL treatment improves DNA yields without changing the species composition compared with the commonly used RNAlater treatment. The findings of this study will reduce false-negative outcomes and provide highly reliable results in future biological surveys.
Graphical abstract
High-power femtosecond laser generation from an all-fiber linearly polarized chirped pulse amplifier
Authors: Wang Tao , Li Can , Ren Bo , Guo Kun , Wu Jian , Leng Jinyong , Zhou Pu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An all-fiber high-power linearly polarized chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system is experimentally demonstrated. Through stretching the pulse duration to a full width of approximately 2 ns with two cascaded chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs), a maximum average output power of 612 W is achieved from a high-gain Yb-doped fiber that has a core diameter of 20 μm with a slope efficiency of approximately 68% at the repetition rate of 80 MHz. At the maximum output power, the polarization degree is 92.5% and the M2 factor of the output beam quality is approximately 1.29; the slight performance degradations are attributed to the thermal effects in the main amplifier. By optimizing the B-integral of the amplifier and finely adjusting the higher-order dispersion of one of the CFBGs, the pulse width is compressed to 863 fs at the highest power with a compression efficiency of 72%, corresponding to a maximum compressed average power of 440.6 W, single pulse energy of 5.5 μJ and peak power of about 4.67 MW. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest average power of a femtosecond laser directly generated from an all-fiber linearly polarized CPA system.
A novel multi-shot target platform for laser-driven laboratory astrophysics experiments
Authors: Perez-Martin Pablo , Prencipe Irene , Sobiella Manfred , Donat Fabian , Kang Ning , He Zhiyu , Liu Huiya , Ren Lei , Xie Zhiyong , Xiong Jun , Zhang Yan , Brack Florian-Emanuel , Červenák Michal , Gajdoš Pavel , Hronová Lenka , Kaniz Kakolee , Kozlová Michaela , Kroll Florian , Pan Xiayun , Schaumann Gabriel , Singh Sushil , Šmíd Michal , Suzuki-Vidal Francisco , Zhang Panzheng , Sun Jinren , Zhu Jianqiang , Krůs Miroslav , Falk Katerina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A new approach to target development for laboratory astrophysics experiments at high-power laser facilities is presented. With the dawn of high-power lasers, laboratory astrophysics has emerged as a field, bringing insight into physical processes in astrophysical objects, such as the formation of stars. An important factor for success in these experiments is targetry. To date, targets have mainly relied on expensive and challenging microfabrication methods. The design presented incorporates replaceable machined parts that assemble into a structure that defines the experimental geometry. This can make targets cheaper and faster to manufacture, while maintaining robustness and reproducibility. The platform is intended for experiments on plasma flows, but it is flexible and may be adapted to the constraints of other experimental setups. Examples of targets used in experimental campaigns are shown, including a design for insertion in a high magnetic field coil. Experimental results are included, demonstrating the performance of the targets.
A NOTE ON REGULAR SETS IN CAYLEY GRAPHS
Authors: ZHANG JUNYANG , ZHU YANHONG 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA subset R of the vertex set of a graph
$\Gamma $
is said to be
$(\kappa ,\tau )$
-regular if R induces a
$\kappa $
-regular subgraph and every vertex outside R is adjacent to exactly
$\tau $
vertices in R. In particular, if R is a
$(\kappa ,\tau )$
-regular set of some Cayley graph on a finite group G, then R is called a
$(\kappa ,\tau )$
-regular set of G. Let H be a nontrivial normal subgroup of G, and
$\kappa $
and
$\tau $
a pair of integers satisfying
$0\leq \kappa \leq |H|-1$
,
$1\leq \tau \leq |H|$
and
$\gcd (2,|H|-1)\mid \kappa $
. It is proved that (i) if
$\tau $
is even, then H is a
$(\kappa ,\tau )$
-regular set of G; (ii) if
$\tau $
is odd, then H is a
$(\kappa ,\tau )$
-regular set of G if and only if it is a
$(0,1)$
-regular set of G.