bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meaning in military service among reservists: Measuring the effect of prosocial motivation in a moderated-mediation model
Authors: Smaliukienė Rasa , Bekesiene Svajone , Kanapeckaitė Rosita , Navickienė Olga , Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė Ieva , Vaičaitienė Ramutė 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe meaningful commitment to serve one’s country and the desire to defend others make military service unique compared to other human activities. This is especially true for the army reservists who are typically working in the civilian labor market and serving military for the short-term military training or military missions only. As scholars provide limited insights into the effects and influences of prosocial motivation on meaning in military service, this study contributes to the understanding of direct, mediated, and moderated processes which link prosocial motivation to meaning in military service among reservists. Specifically, the objective of this study was to examine both direct and indirect pathways interconnecting prosocial motivation and meaning in military service. The former is analyzed as a direct effect, while the latter includes the effects of role fit within the military environment, the soldiers’ self-efficacy, as well as the socio-moral climate of military organization—that is, a variable making military service an exceptional activity.MethodsThis study followed a quantitative method analysis by utilizing a hierarchical regression analysis which revealed direct, moderating, and mediating links between the variables. The analysis was based on a sample of 375 soldiers from the Active Reserve of the Lithuanian Armed Forces, and the data were collected before and after training exercises in one military unit (repeated measures). The effects on providing meaning to military service were evaluated using the following: Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale, Prosocial Motivation Scale, Motivation at Work Scale, and Socio-Moral Climate Scale. Prosocial motivation assumes meaning in military service among reservists through different, yet related, pathways.Results and discussionThe direct pathway confirmed that reserve soldiers with higher levels of prosocial motivation experience a higher level of meaning in service. The indirect pathway indicated that role fit mediated this relationship. Following the latter, we found that prosocial motivation was a significant predictor of both role fit and meaning in military service. Finally, we confirmed the moderated-mediation effects of self-efficacy and socio-moral climate in our suggested models. The results can be used to improve training programs for reservists.
Impact of swiping direction on the interaction performance of elderly-oriented smart home interface: EEG and eye-tracking evidence
Authors: Zhou Chengmin , Shi Ziyan , Huang Ting , Zhao Hanxiao , Kaner Jake 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSmart home technology is increasingly popular, yet not all seniors are receptive and comfortable with it. This situation recognizes that the usability of smart home interfaces is particularly important. Most studies on interface swiping direction demonstrate the advantages of horizontal over vertical swiping, but the findings lack age-based as well as gender-specific judgments.MethodsIn this paper, we use cognitive neural techniques of EEG and eye-tracking, combined with a subjective preference questionnaire, to analyze the preference of older persons for the swiping direction of smart home interfaces in a multimodal manner.ResultsThe EEG data showed that swiping direction had a significant effect on potential values (p = 0.001). Also, the mean power in the δ and the θ band was enhanced during vertical swiping. Gender had no significant effect on potential values (p = 0.085), but the cognitive task was more EEG stimulating for females. The eye-tracking metrics data showed a significant effect of swiping direction on fixation duration (p = 0.047) and a non-significant effect on pupil diameter (p = 0.576). These results were consistent with the results of the subjective preference questionnaire, both demonstrating a preference for vertical swiping among participants.DiscussionThis paper uses three research tools simultaneously, combining objective perceptions as well as subjective preferences, to make the findings more comprehensive and reliable. Gender differences were also taken into account and differentiated in the data processing. The findings of this paper are different from most previous studies and better reflect the preference of elderly people for swiping directions, which can provide a reference for the future elderly-friendly smart home interface design.
The effect of perceived value on farmers’ livestock manure resource utilization behavior: Evidence from Shandong, China
Authors: Gao Runze , Liu Guoliang , Fan Yuze , Wang Xueyang , Ren Zhong 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe rapid development of animal husbandry has brought many problems such as ecological environmental pollution and public health damage. The resource utilization of livestock manure is the key way to deal with the above crisis and turn waste into treasure.MethodsBased on the theory of perceived value, this paper uses multi-group structural equation model to explore the driving mechanism of perceived value on the resource utilization behavior of livestock manure.Results and discussionThe results showed that: (1) The resource utilization behavior of livestock manure followed the logic of “cognitive level → cognitive trade-off → perceived value → behavioral intention → behavioral performance.” Perceived benefit and perceived risk have positive and reverse driving effects on perceived value, respectively. Perceived value has a positive driving effect on behavioral intention. The behavioral intention has a positive driving effect on utilization behavior. (2) Among the observed variables of perceived benefits, ecological benefits have the greatest impact; Among the observed variables of perceived risk, economic risk has the greatest impact. Among the observed variables of perceived value, Significance cognition has the greatest influence. Among the observed variables of behavioral intention, utilization intention has the greatest influence. (3) The perceived value has a differential effect on the utilization behavior of livestock manure resources of different part-time farmers, and the driving effect is more obvious for full-time farmers.ConclusionsTherefore, it is necessary to improve the resource utilization system of livestock manure, increase the channel for realizing the output of manure resources, strengthen technical assistance and policy subsidies, and implement policies according to local conditions to improve the overall perceived value of farmers.
Mendelian randomization reveals no associations of genetically-predicted obstructive sleep apnea with the risk of type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and coronary heart disease
Authors: Ding Xiaoxu , Zhao Lanqing , Cui Xiangguo , Qi Li , Chen Yu 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been reported to affect cardiometabolic diseases. However, whether such association is causal is still unknown. Here, we attempt to explore the effect of OSA on type 2 diabetes (T2D), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and coronary heart disease (CHD).MethodsGenetic variants associated with OSA were requested from a published genome-wide association study (GWAS) and those qualified ones were selected as instrumental variables (IV). Then, the IV-outcome associations were acquired from T2D, NAFLD and CHD GWAS consortia separately. The Mendelian randomization (MR) was designed to estimate the associations of genetically-predicted OSA on T2D, NAFLD and CHD respectively, using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. We applied the Bonferroni method to adjust the p-value. Besides, MR-Egger regression and weighted median methods were adopted as a supplement to IVW. The Cochran's Q value was used to evaluate heterogeneity and the MR-Egger intercept was utilized to assess horizontal pleiotropy, together with MR-PRESSO. The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was carried out as well.ResultsNo MR estimate reached the Bonferroni threshold (p &lt; 0.017). Although the odds ratio of T2D was 3.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.06, 12.11], IVW-p-value = 0.040) using 4 SNPs, such causal association turned insignificant after the removal of SNP rs9937053 located in FTO [OR = 1.30 [0.68, 2.50], IVW p = 0.432]. Besides, we did not find that the predisposition to OSA was associated with CHD [OR = 1.16 [0.70, 1.91], IVW p = 0.560] using 4 SNPs.ConclusionThis MR study reveals that genetic liability to OSA might not be associated with the risk of T2D after the removal of obesity-related instruments. Besides, no causal association was observed between NAFLD and CHD. Further studies should be carried out to verify our findings.
A comparison of patient-reported quality between inpatient services for mental and physical health: A tertiary-hospital-based survey in China
Authors: Zhou Wei , Xiao Shuiyuan , Xie Guanqing , Ouyang Feiyun , Luo Bihua 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIt is widely acknowledged that quality of mental health services is routinely worse than physical health services across countries. However, studies separately investigating mental health services often report high-level satisfaction, even comparing with physical health services. Therefore, this study aimed to compare patient-reported quality between inpatient services for mental and physical health in China.MethodsAn inpatient survey was conducted among service users of mental and physical health services. Patient-reported quality was measured by the responsiveness performance questionnaire after patient discharge and based on patients' multiple experiences of hospitalization in the past 3 years. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the two patient groups' ratings on inpatient services for mental and physical health, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to adjust covariates in the group comparison.ResultsInpatient services for mental health were rated better than those for physical health on “treating with respect” (AOR = 3.083, 95% CI = 1.102–8.629) and “choosing a healthcare provider” (AOR = 2.441, 95% CI = 1.263–4.717). However, mental health services had poorer ratings on “asking patient's opinions” (AOR = 0.485, 95% CI = 0.259–0.910). For other responsiveness items, no significant difference was detected between the two types of inpatient services.ConclusionMental health inpatient services provided by China's tertiary hospitals could perform as well as physical health inpatient services in most aspects and even better perform regarding dignity and choice of healthcare providers. However, neglecting patients' voices is more severe in inpatient services for mental health.
Depression and oral health-related quality of life: A longitudinal study
Authors: Nerobkova Nataliya , Park Eun-Cheol , Jang Sung-In 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesGeriatric oral health-related quality of life is a relatively new but rapidly growing concept as it is directly related to the general wellbeing and self-esteem of older adults. This study assessed the impact of worsening depression symptoms on oral health-related quality of life using representative nationwide data of Korean older adults.MethodsThis study comprised a longitudinal sample of older adults aged ≥60 from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2016–2020). After applying the exclusion criteria, 3,286 participants were included in the study. Depression status was determined through the biennial assessment of the short-form Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10); oral health was measured using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). We employed the lagged general estimating equations to assess the temporal effect of the CESD-10 score change on the GOHAI score.ResultsA decrease in CESD-10 score over a 2-year period was significantly associated with a decrease in GOHAI score in men and women: β = −1.810 and β = −1.278, respectively (p-values &lt; 0.0001). Furthermore, compared to the same or improved CESD-10 score, worsening of the score on 1–2 points detected the β = −1.793 in men and β = −1.356 in women, and worsening on ≥3 points: β = −3.614 in men and β = −2.533 in women.ConclusionsThis study found that depression exacerbation is negatively associated with oral health-related quality of life in later life. Further, a more significant worsening of depression symptoms was correlated with lower scores for oral health-related quality of life in our study population.
Socioeconomic disparities and inequality of mass sports participation: Analysis from Chinese General Social Survey 2010–2018
Authors: Dong Haoyu , Wang Ying , Li Wen , Dindin Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundWith industrialization, urbanization, and modernization, mass sports have entered people's daily lives to maintain their health status. However, less attention has been paid to the heterogeneity and inequality of access to mass sports, especially in developing countries. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect mass sports participation in developing countries represented by China, and explain the changing trends and inequality in the class differentiation and mobility of public sports participation.MethodsThe study selected the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) data in 2010 and 2018 as the research samples, and used an ordered Probit model and sub-sample regression to analyze the factors and trends of Chinese residents' mass sports participation and the influencing factors. By stratified three-stage probability sampling, the study obtained 4,940 valid responses, including 1,014 in CGSS 2010 and 3926 in CGSS 2018.ResultsFirst, in terms of social factors, urban residents have a higher frequency of sports participation than rural residents. Second, regarding family factors, residents with higher social classes are more likely to participate in sports than those with lower social classes. Third, in terms of self-induced factors, the elderly are more motivated to exercise than the young. Residents with public-sector jobs, high incomes, and higher education levels are keener to participate in sports. Fourth, residents' mass sports participation rate has generally shown an upward trend over time. Fifth, with time changes, the sports participation rate varies between urban and rural areas, between ethnic minorities and Han ethnic, between old and young age groups, and between higher and lower education levels will continue to shrink, but differences between social classes will further increase over time.ConclusionsOur analysis demonstrated that hidden inequality existed in accessing mass sports participation in developing countries, and the self-induced characteristics were significantly correlated with the quality of sports participation. Future public sports policies should address the inequity to ensure equal access to affordable qualified personal mass sports.
Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in critically ill children: Prevalence, risk factors, and impact on outcome in a large tertiary pediatric hospital of China
Authors: Huang Weichun , Wei Xiaoshu , Xu Guifeng , Zhang Xingyu , Wang Xing 
Published: February 2023

Background and aimsCarbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide, but comprehensive study of clinical characteristics for CRPA infections among critically ill children remains limited in China. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of CRPA infections among critically ill pediatric patients in a large tertiary pediatric hospital in China.MethodsA retrospective case-control study of patients with P. aeruginosa infections was conducted in the three intensive care units (ICUs) of Shanghai Children's Medical Center from January 2016 to December 2021. All patients with CRPA infection in the ICUs were enrolled as case patients. Patients with carbapenem-susceptible P. aeruginosa (CSPA) infection were randomly selected as control patients in a ratio of 1:1. Clinical characteristics of those inpatients were reviewed through the hospital information system. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate risk factors associated with the development of CRPA infections and mortality of P. aeruginosa infections.ResultsA total of 528 cases of P. aeruginosa infection in the ICUs were enrolled in the 6-year study. The prevalence of CRPA and MDRPA (multidrug-resistance P. aeruginosa) was 18.4 and 25.6%, respectively. Significant risk factors related to CRPA infection were the length of hospitalization &gt;28 days (OR = 3.241, 95% CI 1.622–6.473, p = 0.001), receiving invasive operations (OR = 2.393, 95% CI 1.196–4.788, p = 0.014) and a blood transfusion (OR = 7.003, 95% CI 2.416–20.297, p &lt; 0.001) within 30 days before infection. Conversely, birth weight ≥2,500 g (OR = 0.278, 95% CI 0.122–0.635, p = 0.001) and breast nursing (OR = 0.362, 95% CI 0.168–0.777, p = 0.009) were significant protective factors against CRPA infections. The in-hospital mortality rate was 14.2%, and no difference in mortality was observed between patients with CRPA and CSPA infections. Platelet &lt; 100 × 109/L (OR = 5.729, 95% CI 1.048–31.308, p = 0.044) and serum urea &lt;3.2 mmol/L (OR = 5.173, 95% CI 1.215–22.023, p = 0.026) were independent predictors for the mortality due to P. aeruginosa infection.ConclusionsOur findings provide insights into CRPA infections among critically ill children in China. They provide guidance in identifying patients that may be at high risk for a resistant infection and emphasize the importance of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control in hospitals.
Spatial–temporal analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in the Zhejiang Province of China from 2007–2020
Authors: Zhang Mengdie , Chen Songhua , Luo Dan , Chen Bin , Zhang Yu , Wang Wei , Wu Qian , Liu Kui , Wang Hongmei , Jiang Jianmin 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundPulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a serious chronic communicable disease that causes a significant disease burden in China; however, few studies have described its spatial epidemiological features in students.MethodsData of all notified PTB cases from 2007 to 2020 in the student population were collected in the Zhejiang Province, China using the available TB Management Information System. Analyses including time trend, spatial autocorrelation, and spatial–temporal analysis were performed to identify temporal trends, hotspots, and clustering, respectively.ResultsA total of 17,500 PTB cases were identified among students in the Zhejiang Province during the study period, accounting for 3.75% of all notified PTB cases. The health-seeking delay rate was 45.32%. There was a decreasing trend in PTB notifications throughout the period; clustering of cases was seen in the western area of Zhejiang Province. Additionally, one most likely cluster along with three secondary clusters were identified by spatial–temporal analysis.ConclusionAlthough was a downward trend in PTB notifications among students during the time period, an upward trend was seen in bacteriologically confirmed cases since 2017. The risk of PTB was higher among senior high school and above than of junior high school. The western area of Zhejiang Province was the highest PTB risk settings for students, and more comprehensive interventions should be strengthened such as admission screening and routine health monitoring to improve early identification of PTB.
Machine learning aided jump height estimate democratization through smartphone measures
Authors: Mascia Guido , De Lazzari Beatrice , Camomilla Valentina 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe peak height reached in a countermovement jump is a well established performance parameter. Its estimate is often entrusted to force platforms or body-worn inertial sensors. To date, smartphones may possibly be used as an alternative for estimating jump height, since they natively embed inertial sensors.MethodsFor this purpose, 43 participants performed 4 countermovement jumps (172 in total) on two force platforms (gold standard). While jumping, participants held a smartphone in their hands, whose inertial sensor measures were recorded. After peak height was computed for both instrumentations, twenty-nine features were extracted, related to jump biomechanics and to signal time-frequency characteristics, as potential descriptors of soft tissues or involuntary arm swing artifacts. A training set (129 jumps – 75%) was created by randomly selecting elements from the initial dataset, the remaining ones being assigned to the test set (43 jumps – 25%). On the training set only, a Lasso regularization was applied to reduce the number of features, avoiding possible multicollinearity. A multi-layer perceptron with one hidden layer was trained for estimating the jump height from the reduced feature set. Hyperparameters optimization was performed on the multi-layer perceptron using a grid search approach with 5-fold cross validation. The best model was chosen according to the minimum negative mean absolute error.ResultsThe multi-layer perceptron greatly improved the accuracy (4 cm) and precision (4 cm) of the estimates on the test set with respect to the raw smartphone measures estimates (18 and 16 cm, respectively). Permutation feature importance was performed on the trained model in order to establish the influence that each feature had on the outcome. The peak acceleration and the braking phase duration resulted the most influential features in the final model. Despite not being accurate enough, the height computed through raw smartphone measures was still among the most influential features.DiscussionThe study, implementing a smartphone-based method for jump height estimates, paves the way to method release to a broader audience, pursuing a democratization attempt.
A novel, reusable, realistic neurosurgical training simulator for cerebrovascular bypass surgery: Iatrotek® bypass simulator validation study and literature review
Authors: D’Andrea Marcello , Musio Antonio , Colasanti Roberto , Mongardi Lorenzo , Fuschillo Dalila , Lofrese Giorgio , Tosatto Luigino 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMicroanastomosis is a challenging technique requiring continuous training to be mastered. Several models have been proposed, but few effectively reflect a real bypass surgery; even fewer are reusable, most are not easily accessible, and the setting is often quite long. We aim to validate a simplified, ready-to-use, reusable, ergonomic bypass simulator.MethodsTwelve novice and two expert neurosurgeons completed eight End-to-End (EE), eight End-to-Side (ES), and eight Side-to-Side (SS) microanastomoses using 2-mm synthetic vessels. Data on time to perform bypass (TPB), number of sutures and time required to stop potential leaks were collected. After the last training, participants completed a Likert Like Survey for bypass simulator evaluation. Each participant was assessed using the Northwestern Objective Microanastomosis Assessment Tool (NOMAT).ResultsWhen comparing the first and last attempts, an improvement of the mean TPB was registered in both groups for the three types of microanastomosis. The improvement was always statistically significant in the novice group, while in the expert group, it was only significant for ES bypass. The NOMAT score improved in both groups, displaying statistical significance in the novices for EE bypass. The mean number of leakages, and the relative time for their resolution, also tended to progressively reduce in both groups by increasing the attempts. The Likert score expressed by the experts was slightly higher (25 vs. 24.58 by the novices).ConclusionsOur proposed bypass training model may represent a simplified, ready-to-use, reusable, ergonomic, and efficient system to improve eye-hand coordination and dexterity in performing microanastomoses.