bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antigenicity prediction of peptides generated by chimeric transcripts provides proof-of-concept of tumor-specific cryptic neoepitopes
Authors: Dixit Vaishnavi M , Wagle Arpita K , Bapat Sharmila 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Considerable recent interest lies in the immunogenicity of non-canonical neoantigens harboured in alternative open reading frames generated by non-synonymous mutations, nucleotide insertions / deletions, exonization of untranslated regions of the genome, non-coding transcripts, transposable elements, etc. Amongst these ‘cryptic’ epitopes, those generated by chimeric transcripts [CTs], which represent sequences from more than one gene remain undefined, and their translational potential and immunogenicity is relatively unexplored. In the present study, we predicted and assessed neoepitopes generated by CTs in ovarian cancer. Development and application of a customized targeted peptide database, further led to the identification of unique peptides and reading-frame isoforms [sense/anti-sense] of such transcripts. Prediction of antigenicity of these novel peptides and proteins was achieved considering their stability, proteasomal processing, and likelihood of being presented to MHC-I in an allele-specific manner. Further docking of peptide MHC and peptide-MHC-TCR complexes provided validation and proof-of-concept of generation of a small number of putative neoepitopes of CTs that are recognized by specific TCRs. Importantly, our findings identify that relaxed/perturbed rigidity of canonical transcription and translation in cancer may present new opportunities in immunotherapy.
Oral Microbes are a Signature of Disease in the Gut
Authors: Khan Saad , Kelly Libusha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Case-control studies have identified human gut microbiome taxa associated with diseases including diabetes, inflammatory bowel, and colorectal cancer. However, many taxa are significantly associated with different diseases, confounding the utility of taxa as disease-specific diagnostics and potentially indicating underlying similarities in physiologically distinct diseases. Using a meta-analysis of 4446 gut metagenomic samples linked to 55 diseases across 21 datasets, we identify taxa consistently associated with health or disease and validate these results on external datasets. We find that taxa associated with disease in the gut are either oral microbiome commensals or are members of the polyphyletic class Clostridiales, whereas healthy taxa are gut specialists. Prevalence of organisms in the oral cavity correlates with gut disease association, revealing a novel, conserved relationship between disease and the gut microbiome. Our work highlights a major limitation of traditional metagenomics analysis methods for identifying disease-specific markers, a key goal of many microbiome studies.
Household drinking water quality and its predictors in flood-prone settings of Northwest Ethiopia: a cross- sectional community-based study
Authors: Birhan Tsegaye Adane , Destaw Bikes , Dagne Henok , Eyachew Dagnachew , Azanaw Jember , Andualem Zewudu , Dessie Awrajaw , Guyasa Gebisa , Getaneh Alem , Addisu Ayenew , Genet Mengesha , Tadege Garedew , Tesfaye Amensisa Hailu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
In many nations, the deterioration of drinking water quality is a major problem that may be caused by a variety of interrelated biological, physical, and chemical causes. Human feces, animal waste, and effluent farming activities are the main pollutants of water supplies. Even if the source is clean, the process of collecting, transporting, storing, and drawing water in the home can all lead to faecal contamination. In addition, without improved water storage and sanitation, a better water supply doesn't always result in full health benefits. Because of this, it's important to have regular quality control procedures. This study is aimed to assess the level of physioco-chemical and bacteriological quality of hosehold drinking water and its contributing factors in flood-prone settlements of South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia.
Methods
In villages in the South Gondar Zone that are prone to flooding, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2021. Using standardized water sampling methods, samples of household water were gathered from each residence. Data on socioeconomic conditions and behavioral patterns were gathered through in-person interviews with structured questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used for both univariate and multivariate studies.
Results
The survey included a total of 675 households. The South Gondar Zone's settlements that are prone to flooding had a prevalence of 62.2 percent (n = 417) with [95% CI (53–60)] positive fecal coliform in household water samples. Family size [AOR = 2.205, 95% CI (1.375–3.536), latrine presence [AOR = 3.449, 95% CI (1.349–8.823)], and utilizing a separate container to draw water from its storage [AOR = 0.454, 95% CI (0.249–0.827)] are variables identified as predictors for fecal coliform contamination of household water.
Conclusion
In this study, there was a high proportion of fecal contamination in drinking water. The presence of fecal coliforms in household drinking water was found to be significantly related to family size, the availability of a toilet, and the usage of a separate can to draw water from its storage.
On the Use of Mega Constellation Services in Space
Authors: Capez Gabriel Maiolini , Caceres Mauricio , Bridges Christopher , Frey Stefan , Armellin Roberto , Garello Roberto , Bargellini Pier 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mega-constellations are being deployed to offer innovative services to Earth’s users. Our work shows how they can provide seamless connectivity to LEO spacecrafts, too, and transform them into highly responsive space network nodes, thus enabling a myriad of innovative applications. For realizing the new mega-constellation services in space paradigm, in this paper we present a complete design of the LEO space terminal, suitable to any hosting platform, even CubeSats and SmallSats. By focusing on existing mega-constellations, like OneWeb and Starlink, we derive the service performance for four terminal configurations under realistic scenarios and show that Tbit/day- scale capacity is the common case for space users, by constant data dripping. Finally, we compare this new paradigm with existing services like Ground Station Networks and Data Relay Systems. All the results show that the new approach can be potentially disruptive for the space ecosystem, by transforming each satellite into a 24/7 available node characterized by high throughput, low latency, and low cost.
PRMT5 and CDK4/6 inhibition result in distinctive patterns of alternative splicing in melanoma
Authors: Chan Lok Hang , Wang Peihan , Abuhammad Shatha , Cursons Joseph , Sheppard Karen E , Goode David L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Drugs targeting cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are promising new treatments for melanoma and other solid malignancies. In studies on CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) regulation of alternative splicing was shown to be an important downstream component of the CDK4/6 pathway. However, the full effects of inhibition of CDK4/6 on splicing events in melanoma and the extent to which they are dependent on PRMT5 has not been established. We performed full-length mRNA sequencing on CHL1 melanoma cell lines treated with the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and the PRMT5 inhibitor GSK3326595 and analysed data for differential gene expression and differential pre-mRNA splicing induced by these agents. Changes in gene expression and RNA splicing were more extensive under PRMT5 inhibition than under CDK4/6 inhibition. Although PRMT5 inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibition induced common RNA splicing events and gene expression profiles, the majority of events induced by CDK4/6 inhibition were distinct. This indicates CDK4/6 is able to regulate alternative splicing in a manner that is distinct from PRMT5, resulting in divergent changes in gene expression under each therapy. These results have important implications for developing treatment strategies that prevent emergence of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in melanoma.
Internet-of-Things Technologies-Based Smart Cities: Challenges and Suggested Methods
Authors: jawad mohammed , Hameed Muntadhar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The conception of smart city refers to the structure, system and identity of settlements that are brought to life by telecommunications technology. Natural and real communications and activities are mostly virtualized in these biological complexes. As a result, forms and spaces also find new geometric, perceptual and conceptual frames. Remote work, remote purchasing, smart banking, education and remote treatment are practical examples of activities that, while providing more freedom for people and urban spaces, transform the existing systems of the general unit of the city and public areas. Urban planners and designers not only encounter new issues and phenomena in the urban planning process, especially the design of residential neighborhoods, road networks and public places, but also go towards virtualization of the urban planning process. Therefore, the present study tens to investigate the dimensions and characteristics of smart city and its capabilities to solve the problems of current urban life, which is a descriptive-analytical method derived from the study of scientific research related to the theory of urban smart. The results indicated that smart cities, in spite of the unique opportunities they provide for predicting, preventing and controlling crises, also pose threats at heart. Although these threats are not significant compared to the opportunities that these cities provide for the optimal management of crises; but, they should not be ignored, but the necessary measures should be taken to reduce these threats.
Performance of artificial intelligence for the detection of pathological myopia from colour fundus images: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Prashar Jai , Tay Nicole 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Pathological myopia (PM) is a major cause of worldwide blindness and represents a serious threat to eye health globally. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods are gaining traction in ophthalmology as highly sensitive and specific tools for screening and diagnosis of many eye diseases. However, there is currently a lack of high-quality evidence for their use in the diagnosis of PM.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of AI-based tools in PM was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidance. Five electronic databases were searched, results were assessed against the inclusion criteria and a quality assessment was conducted for included studies. Model sensitivity and specificity were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird (random-effects) model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed.
Results
Of 1021 citations identified, 17 studies were included in the systematic review and 11 studies, evaluating 165,787 eyes, were included in the meta-analysis. The area under the summary receiver operator curve (SROC) was 0.9905. The pooled sensitivity was 95.9% [95.5%-96.2%], and the overall pooled specificity was 96.5% [96.3%-96.6%]. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for detection of PM was 841.26 [418.37-1691.61].
Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis provides robust early evidence that AI-based, particularly deep-learning based, diagnostic tools are a highly specific and sensitive modality for the detection of PM. There is potential for such tools to be incorporated into ophthalmic public health screening programmes, particularly in resource-poor areas with a substantial prevalence of high myopia.
Security in VANET*
Authors: Hostak Richard , Baronak Ivan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Despite the fact that VANET brings huge benefits they present many challenges in terms of communication security. Traffic safety and management require real-time information and can influence life or death decisions. Without security, the system is wide open to a number of attacks, the spread of false warnings but also the suppression of real warnings leading to traffic accidents. The article presents the classification of different types of attacks in VANET. In addition, there are different types of adversaries and attackers. We focus on demonstrating network attacks in order to assess their impact on parameters affecting the quality and availability of services such as delay, throughput and data loss. Thanks to the implementation of the transport protocols UDP, TCP and the ICMP service protocol, we were able to monitor the impact of attacks on individual data transmissions depending on the growing probability of packet infiltration. The increasing probability of infiltration leads to a complete degradation of the quality and availability of services, which also reduces the reliability of the network. In general, the purpose of this article is to provide information about security and privacy in VANET and to point out to security risks that may lead to suppression of the availability of services and increase the complexity of the network.
Interventions Co-designed by Providers and Clients for Improving Therapeutic Relationships in Maternal and Child Healthcare: A Human Centered Design Study in Rural Tanzania
Authors: Isangula Kahabi , Pallangyo Eunice S. , Ndirangu-Mugo Eunice 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence indicates that poor provider-client relationships within maternal and child health (MCH) continue to impact trust in formal health care systems, service uptake, continuity with care, and MCH outcomes.
Objective
The study aimed at co-designing an intervention package (prototype) for improving nurse-client relationships using a human-centred design (HCD) approach.
Methods
A 5-step HCD approach was employed: (1) community-driven discovery through qualitative descriptive research methods using 9 focus group discussions (FGDs) with nurses and clients and 12 key informant interviews (KIIs) with MCH administrators; (2) consultative ideation and co-creation meetings with 10 nurses, 10 clients, and 10 administrators to co-design a rough prototype model; (3) rough prototype validation through qualitative insight gathering using 6 FGDs with nurses and clients; (4) refinement and adaptation meetings with 14 nurses, 14 clients and 12 administrators; and (5) documentation and sharing of lessons learnt.
Results
From community-driven discovery, nurse contributors to poor nurse-client relationships included poor hospitality, lack of care, poor communication, negative attitude, and job dissatisfaction. Client contributors included nonadherence to procedures, negative attitudes, poor communication, inadequate education, poverty, and faith in traditional healers. Health system contributors were inadequate resources, poor management practices, inadequate policy implementation and the absence of an independent agency for gathering and management complaints. In response, three ideation and co-creating meetings resulted in 24 interventions. Seven (7) of these were rated as more acceptable and feasible in the local context and formed a rough prototype. During validation, there were some disagreements on the feasibility of curriculum and resource-related interventions. Refinement meetings resulted in a final prototype including four interventions: (i)promotion of patient-centred care; (ii) awards and recognition for nurses; (iii) strengthening complaints mechanisms and (iv) disciplinary measures for abusive nurses and clients. The lessons learnt have been shared through publications and institutional research meetings.
Conclusions
HCD approach provides a novel entry point for providers and clients to examine the problems and design interventions for strengthening their therapeutic relationships in MCH care. Researchers, practitioners, and policy developers are welcome to consider the emerging prototype as it was deemed acceptable and potentially feasible in rural African contexts.
Evaluation of vertical distribution characteristics of microplastics under 20 μm in lake and river waters in South Korea
Authors: Lee Junho , Ju Seonghyeon , Lim Chaehwi , Kim Kyung Tae , Kye Homin , Kim Jiyoon , Lee Jihoon , Yu Hye-Won , Lee Ingyu , Kim Hyunook , Yoon Yeojoon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Following the alarming reports of microplastic pollution in the marine environment, increased attention has been given to microplastics in other environmental media. Despite the attention, there is limited information on the effects of microplastics distribution in freshwater systems. Further, because the size of microplastics varies widely in the environment, the commonly used sampling devices are not suitable for selectively extracting microplastics without causing cross-contamination. Thus, we developed a suitable device for microplastics of size 5–20 µm and studied microplastics distribution in freshwater at various depths by considering various types of microplastics and aqueous systems. Lake and river, two major water sources in South Korea, were selected for the study of microplastics distribution in water system. The microplastics distribution characteristics in both water systems showed that polypropylene and polyethylene were the most abundant across all depths because of their production volume. Plastic types with higher density were found only at the lower layers, and polystyrene was found in the upper layers because of the environmental effects on its buoyancy caused pore diameter and surface area. The lake and river had higher microplastics distribution in the lower layer and upper layer, respectively. This was because the flow rate in river was higher than that of lake. The higher flow rate reduced the settling velocity in river. Thus, hydrodynamic stability influences the vertical distribution and concentrations of microplastics in the water systems. These results are expected to be used for understanding the behavioral characteristics of microplastics in water systems and to manage water sources.
Role of regulatory monitoring in the Indian Oil and Gas Sector for Risk Reduction
Authors: Tata LN Murthy , Salwan Prashant 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
OALP was introduced in 2016 by GoI with a less regulatory burden to the government and pricing freedom to investing firms. Earlier policy NELP was with exploration and production cost recovery and price control by GoI. The new policy OALP is with no-cost recovery (exploration and production cost), revenue sharing, and pricing freedom to the firm. The Oil and gas industry is involved with a wide variety of risks. In OALP, there is no regulatory monitoring and no cost recovery; this has increased the risk to the Indian oil and gas industry; a firm may go for cheap alternatives, which can cause accidents and create direct loss to the industry and the country's reputation. In addition, pricing freedom for the firm can increase the natural gas price, and the gas-dependent sectors face trouble in purchasing. This paper studied the role of regulatory monitoring in risk reduction in the Indian oil and gas sector.
Spectral kissing and its dynamical consequences in the squeezed Kerr-nonlinear oscillator
Authors: Chávez-Carlos Jorge , Lezama Talía , Cortiñas Rodrigo , Venkatraman Jayameenakshi , Devoret Michel , Batista Victor , Pérez-Bernal Francisco , Santos Lea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Transmon qubits are the predominant element in circuit-based quantum information processing, such as existing quantum computers, due to their controllability and ease of engineering implementation. But more than qubits, transmons are multilevel nonlinear oscillators that can be employed in the discovery of new fundamental physics. Here, they are explored as simulators of excited state quantum phase transitions (ESQPTs), which are generalizations of quantum phase transitions to excited states. We show that the spectral kissing (coalescence of pairs of energy levels) experimentally observed in the effective Hamiltonian of a driven SNAIL-transmon is an ESQPT precursor. We explore the dynamical consequences of the ESQPT, which includes the exponential growth of out-of-time-ordered correlators, followed by periodic revivals, and the slow evolution of the survival probability due to localization. These signatures of ESQPT are within reach for current superconducting circuits platforms and are of interest to experiments with cold atoms and ion traps.
An Efficient Distance and Connectivity Based Traffic Density Stable Routing Protocol (TDSRP-DC) for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Selvaraj Dhana Sekaran , Ramalingam S. , Mohan Abdullah , Kedir Beshir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Vehicle ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have become a prominent research topic in recent years due to rapid dynamic topology, high vehicle mobility, frequent link failures and significant delay constraints. The mobility of the vehicle nodes increases, and the overhead of control traffic due to the high dynamics of the VANET. Efficient routing algorithms are necessary for VANETs to ensure reliable transmission (VANETs). This work proposes a Traffic Density Stable Routing Protocol based on Connection- and Distance (TDSRP-DC) to avoid data packet collisions at intersections and an adaptive routing schedule based on the selection at every instant. Our approach is based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Ground vehicles identify the most appropriate next junction and transfer the data packet to the receiver to find the optimal multi-hop route. It relies on transferring the data between all vehicles to estimate real-time traffic fluctuations sporadically. Network formation, neighbor realization, fitness value prediction, and routing methodology are the conceptual process needed in this research. Valid parameters for finding the optimum path in the conceptual model include node distance, node speed, node azimuth, link stability, and link reliability. The suggested solution's simulation was performed in comparison to traditional algorithms. Compared to existing TFOR algorithms on complex traffic, the proposed TDSRP-DC provides tremendous improvements based on packet delivery rate (10%) and performance (35%). The demonstrated results and comparisons illustrate the proposed routing protocol's significance with enhanced quality of service performance.
Determining the Critical Factors in the Transportation of Explosives and Hazardous Materials to Protect the Environment and Human Life
Authors: ÖZGÜNER Zeynep , SEYHAN Ercan , KESER Ahmet 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The study’s main objective is to determine the critical factors in the transportation of explosives to prevent the possible damage that might be given to the environment. In this study, the “Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)” method is applied as one of the multi-criteria decision-making techniques. A direct relationship matrix is created based on the knowledge of 9 experts. The answers provided by these experts were used in determining important criteria in explosives transportation. The main influencing factor is determined as the recognition/awareness of the Procedures and Policies, especially by the shipping country. The second influencing factor is determined as the supply of adequate and appropriate equipment and tools. When the applicability of explosive transport is examined according to the weights of the factors affected by the process, it is seen that the most affected factor is optimum efficiency. Therefore, ensuring optimum process efficiency is of high importance to protecting the environment human life, and public health.