bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pituitary cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent patient with panhypopituitarism: illustrative case
Authors: Maciel-Ramos Emmanuel , Castillejo-Adalid Luis A. , Rodríguez-Hernández Job J. , Vázquez-Lima Mario G. , López-Félix Blas E. , Rodríguez-Florido Marco A. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Cryptococcosis is the most common mycosis of the central nervous system. It may develop in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, the latter representing most cases. The most common presentation of the disease is meningitis, whereas intra-axial lesions in the form of cryptococcoma are less frequent with a greater tendency to present in immunocompetent patients. The presentation of pituitary cryptococcoma is exceptional. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is only one case published in the medical literature.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present the case of a 30-year-old male without a relevant medical history. He was referred to our center with a pituitary mass on magnetic resonance imaging and panhypopituitarism. The patient underwent endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal tumor resection, and a histopathological diagnosis of pituitary cryptococcoma was made. Medical management included fluconazole and intravenous amphotericin.

LESSONS
This case underscores the neurosurgical and medical management of an exceptional clinical presentation of pituitary cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent patient. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is only one case published in the medical literature. This case provides an invaluable review of the clinical, imaging, and therapeutic considerations regarding this exceptional clinical entity.
THE EFFECT OF SERVISE LIFE ON THE WATER ABSORPTION PARAMETER OF LIGHT CURING COMPOSITE RESIN MATERIALS
Authors: Vodoriz Ya.Yu. , Bordyuzha A.R. , Kozak R.R. , Tkachenko I.M. , Brailko N.M. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Water absorption is one of the important properties of light-curing composite resin materials used in dentistry for tooth restoration. Water absorption refers to the ability of a material to absorb water and can affect its mechanical and aesthetic properties.
Aim. To find out whether the service life of the composite material has an effect on the water absorption parameter.
Materials and methods. Light-curing composite resin Latelux (Latelux), manufactured by Latus, Ukraine, was chosen as the material for study. Two groups, test and control groups, were formed. The first group included samples of material with an expired service life (expired before 2018). The samples were dried in a desiccator and weighed, then placed into a thermostat with distilled water for 7 days, then removed and weighed to determine water absorption. Calculations were performed in MS Excel 2013 using the formula W: (m2-m3)/V (μg/mm3).
Results. After calculating the obtained results, the water absorption of the samples with an expired shelf life was on average 3.55±0.9 µg/mm3, while the composite with a normal shelf life was 4.9±1.8 µg/mm3. All samples passed the test, i.e. their parameter did not exceed 40 μg/mm3 according to ISO standards. Statistically obtained data did not reveal a relationship between the shelf life of the composite and its water absorption (p=0.464). The thickness of the composite material also has no statistical significance on the water absorption of the composite either in the experimental (p=0.26) or in the control group (p=0.378).
Conclusions. Based on the results of our own research, as well as data from literary sources, we can conclude that the shelf life does not have a significant impact on the water absorption rate of the Latelux composite material.
OPTION TO FINISH SURGICAL OPERATION IN PATIENT WITH MIRIZZI SYNDROME
Authors: Zezekalo Ye. , Dudchenko M. , Kravtsiv M. , Ivaschenko D. , Shevchuk M. 
Published: May 2023

Mirizzi syndrome is a rare condition caused by the obstruction of the common bile duct or common hepatic duct by external compression from multiple impacted gallstones or a single large impacted gallstone in Hartman's pouch.
Mirizzi syndrome is one of the most severe complications of cholelithiasis and the most complex pathological process in biliary surgery in general. Mirizzi syndrome is a compression of the common hepatic bile duct by a gallstone, which is usually located in Hartmann's pouch, and the subsequent formation of a cholecysto-choledochial fistula. This syndrome is named after the Argentinean surgeon, who described the obstruction of the common bile duct or common hepatic duct by external compression from multiple impacted gallstones or a single large impacted gallstone; the phenomenon was observed during the intraoperative cholangiography. Mirizzi syndrome is conventionally classified into four types: type I is described as the compression of the common hepatic duct by a stone from the gallbladder side; type II is characterized by the presence of a cholecysto-choledochial fistula that involves one-third of the choledochus diameter; type III is similar to type II but involves two-thirds of the choledochus diameter; type IV represents complete destruction of the wall of the common hepatic duct, resulting in the formation of a complete biliobiliary fistula. Mirizzi syndrome does not have its own specific clinical manifestations, and screening methods like abdominal ultrasonography may not always provide a clear indication of this pathology. In such cases, diagnostic procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the biliary tract can help establish an accurate diagnosis and determine the appropriate surgical approach prior to the operation. The article presents the clinical case of a 29-year-old patient M., who was admitted to the surgical department. Although there was a discrepancy between the findings of magnetic resonance imaging of the biliary tract and the identified anatomical changes during diagnostic laparoscopy of the hepatobiliary tract, the surgeons' expertise and adherence to safe cholecystectomy guidelines enabled the successful completion of the operation using a minimally invasive approach.
SILENT MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Myhovych M.V. , Kovalchuk R.A. , Bahan U.R. , Svitlyk H.V. , Babliak S.D. 
Published: May 2023

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, stenting of the infarct-related coronary artery, silent (painless) myocardial ischemia, diabetes mellitus, 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring.
Introduction. Currently, approximately 422 million people in the world have diabetes mellitus, and over 1.3 million individuals in Ukraine are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic neuropathy is known to contribute to the development of atypical and painless variants of ischemic heart disease in individuals with diabetes. This poses a challenge for timely diagnosis and obscures the course of ischemic heart disease, as the prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia is significantly high in these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of myocardial ischemia episodes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction within the first day following stenting of the infarct-related coronary artery. Furthermore, we aimed to demonstrate the painless nature of these episodes in the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus through a clinical case presentation.
Materials and methods. 30 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were examined, and 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring was performed during the first day after the infarct-related coronary artery stenting. Results. Episodes of transient myocardial ischemia were registered in 50% of people. We found that the majority of episodes (80%) were painless. In the presence of diabetes mellitus, only episodes of painless myocardial ischemia were noted that is supported by the example of a clinical case. The study highlighted the informativeness of 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring in identifying episodes of myocardial ischemia, particularly in its painless variant. The results demonstrate that patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) experience episodes of transient myocardial ischemia within the first day after coronary artery stenting, with a majority of these episodes being painless. Furthermore, in the presence of diabetes mellitus, ischemic episodes tend to be painless. Therefore, 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring serves as a valuable method for the detection of myocardial ischemia.
Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem in Distributing Fertilizer
Authors: Hazizah Salsabillah , Lubis Riri Syafitri , Cipta Hendra 
Published: May 2023

Fertilization sometimes takes a long time due to the selection of mileage traveled in fertilizer distribution and coupled with the condition of plantation roads that are partially damaged. The path taken is usually only a path that is memorized and is considered the shortest and optimal. The journey from one location to another by considering the shortest path is included in the problem of graph theory. To determine the shortest path to be traversed, you can use the Ant Colony algorithm, because it is optimal in determining short distances and can measure the minimum accumulated travel time close to optimal. This is a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) problem, which is visiting all location points starting from the starting point and ending at the starting point again. This research was conducted on oil palm plantations of PT. Socfindo Bangun Bandar in fertilizer distribution. The sample used is 6 location points which are then solved using the Ant Colony algorithm where this algorithm adopts the workings of ants to get the shortest route. The use of the Ant Colony algorithm in this case is limited to one cycle or one iteration (NC=1) so that the best route is obtained while the first cycle is the fertilizer warehouse (V1) to block 55 (V4) then block 63 (V6) to block 61 (V5) then block 51 (V2) to block 52 (V3) and back again to the fertilizer warehouse (V1), and from this route can be modified again to the opposite route with a distance of 15.71 km. Because the resulting distance is shorter than the usual route, this can speed up the time used by trucks to distribute fertilizer so that trucks can be used by workers to transport harvested palm fruit.
KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP ANTISIPASI PENGENDALIAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN LAUT DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU DALAM REZIM SENTRALISASI
Authors: Kholik Saeful 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak
Dampak perubahan iklim Di Indonesia salah satunya adalah naiknya permukaan air laut. Seperti contoh, di Kabupaten Indramyu yang meningkatkanya suhu permukaan air laut yang berakibatkan kerusakan lingkungan laut dan pesisir. Perlu adanya pengendalian adaptasi perubahan iklim, pemerintah daerah yang memiliki kewenangan dalam menetapkan kebijakan yang otoritatif dianggap mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan. Namun, dengan perubahan paradigma sistem dari desentralisasi ke sentralisasi merupakan kendala dalam mengharmonisasikan program-program pengendalian perubahan iklim. Oleh karena itu, temuan dalam hasil penelitian ini dikembalikanya kewenangan yang secara otoritatif terhadap pemerintah daerah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Yuridis-Normatif, yaitu suatu tata cara penelitian ilmiah agar menemukan suatu kabsahan berlandasakan logika dan filosofi keilmuan dari sisi normatifnya. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa untuk efektifitas pengendalian perubahan iklim perlu adanya peranan pemerintah agar menjamin keterpaduan kewenangan program pemeritnah dari pusat sampai tingkat daerah. Serta, harmonisasi program-program untuk pengendalian perubahan iklim dapat melalui cara yaitu, pengefektifitaskan kewenangan pemerintah daerah, berfokus pada UNFCC serta pengurangan gas emisi, karbondioksida.
URGENSI KAJI ULANG REGULASI ANTI SLAPP TERHADAP PEJUANG KEADILAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Paka Arsafina , Najicha Fatma Ulfatun 
Published: May 2023

The polemic of environmental problems create an Anti-Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participations (Anti-SLAPP) concept, as a solution to overcome the problem of removing public participation in the fight for environmental justice that has been regulated in Article 66 of Law Number 32 Year 2009 concerning The Protection and Management of The Environment. But in fact, that regulation doesn't guarantee legal protection and justice for all of the people, especially for the environmental activists. The issuance of Law Number 11 Year 2020 which changes the main elements related to the environment, provides an in-depth analysis space for author. Based on that, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the relevance of the Anti-SLAPP regulation and its implementation in realizing environmental justice, and the mechanism for strengthening the Anti-SLAPP regulation related to the issuance of Law Number 11 Year 2020. The method used in this paper is a juridicalnormative method with secondary data that were collected through literature study and journals. The result of the research and study is the Anti-SLAPP regulation in Law Number 32 Year 2009 concerning The Protection and Management of The Environment, as changed in Law Number 11 Year 2020 is inconsistent with the fact. Therefore, this problem requires improvements in terms of legal substance, structure, and culture in order to realize a comprehensive environmental justice.
Keywords : “Anti-SLAPP”, “Environmental justice”, “Strengthening regulation”.
Effect of force adjustment modalities on characteristics for force generation and relaxation
Authors: Ohtaka Chiaki , Fujiwara Motoko 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: The systematic characteristics of force generation and relaxation have been investigated using a graded isometric task for several target levels and magnitudes in the upper and lower limb. However, whether a relaxation modality affects the accuracy or speed of grading remains unclear. In addition, speed characteristics are still unclear in both force generation and relaxation modalities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of force adjustment modalities on force generation and relaxation characteristics. METHODS: Participants were instructed to match a target force level as quickly and as accurately as possible under peak and keep adjustment modalities. The force generation task was increased from 10% to 30%, 50%, and 70% of the maximum voluntary force (MVF). The force relaxation task was decreased from 70% to 50%, 30%, and 10% MVF. The recorded force was analyzed. Errors in reproduction were computed in both modalities and target levels of force. RESULTS: The errors of the peak adjustment modality were greater than those of the keep adjustment modality in both tasks. The reaction time was longer with the peak adjustment modality than with the keep adjustment modality in both tasks. CONCLUSION: Speed was affected by the choice of adjustment modality.
Boswellic Acids Improve Clinical Cognitive Scores and Reduce Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Karima Saeed , Aghamollaii Vajiheh , Mahmoodi Baram Somayeh , Balenci Laurent , Lanctôt Krista L. , Kiss Alex , Tafakhori Abbas , Mahdavi Meisam , Rajaei Shima , Shateri Somayeh , Yarhoseini Amir , Mokhtari Farzad , Fotouhi Akbar , Riazi Ali 
Published: May 2023

Background: Recent therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have had limited success. Considering the association of neuroinflammation with AD symptoms as demonstrated in multiple studies, assessment of the clinical efficacy of molecules that reduce systemic or brain inflammation is warranted. Objective: This clinical trial assessed whether boswellic acids can improve cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms while reducing inflammation in AD patients. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, study was conducted on 85 AD patients randomized to boswellic acids (K-Vie™ as the main ingredient in Memowell™) or placebo for 6 months. Clinical Dementia Rating–Sum of Boxes (CDR-SOB) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were compared to baseline and between groups and constituted the co-primary clinical efficacy endpoints. Secondary outcomes included neuropsychiatric assessment (Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire, NPI-Q) and assessment of AD and inflammation biomarkers. Results: Patients on K-Vie™ showed a 3.1- and 1.6-unit improvement in MMSE and CDR-SOB scores, respectively, when compared to patients on placebo. NPI-Q analysis revealed significant improvement in the K-Vie™ but not in the placebo group. Only mild gastrointestinal side effects were reported in a few patients. Patients on K-Vie™ showed improvement in plasma AD biomarkers and reduction of key inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF. Conclusion: Our results support the positive cognitive effects of boswellic acids by reducing the systemic inflammation.
Associations of Leisure Activities and Sleep Duration with Cognitive Function: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study of Chinese Old Adults
Authors: Yang Haimei , Gao Xia , Lian Yan , Wu Tingting , Yang Zongming , Wu Qianrong 
Published: May 2023

Background: Leisure activities and sleep duration are correlated and have been linked to cognitive function, but most studies have examined only one of these factors. Objective: To investigate the independent and joint associations of leisure activities and sleep duration with cognitive function among older adults. Methods: We included 7,796 participants aged≥65 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey during 2008–2018 (waves 5–8). Self-reported leisure activities and sleep duration were assessed at baseline, and cognitive function was measured repeatedly using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline and during follow-up. We used linear mixed models to estimate regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The median follow-up duration was 5.77 years. After adjusting for each other and potential confounders, both lower leisure activity score (each 1-point decrease β= –0.33, 95% CI: –0.36 to –0.30) and longer sleep duration (each 1-hour increase β= –0.17, 95% CI: –0.22 to –0.11) were independently associated with lower MMSE score. Furthermore, we observed an additive interaction between leisure activities and sleep duration ( pinteraction < 0.001). A combination of low leisure activity score and long sleep duration was strongly associated with decreased MMSE score (β= –2.51, 95% CI: –2.85 to –2.16) compared with the group with combined high leisure activity score and normal sleep duration. Conclusion: Both leisure activities and sleep duration were independently associated with cognitive function. Moreover, the combination of leisure inactivity and prolonged sleep duration predicted worse cognitive function (a preclinical hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease) in an additive manner.
Urinary Incontinence in a Community-Based Autopsy Cohort Is Associated with Limbic Predominant Age-Related TDP-43 Encephalopathy Neuropathologic Changes
Authors: Di Jing , Nelson Ruth S. , Jicha Gregory A. , Moga Daniela C. , Barber Justin M. , Cykowski Matthew D. , Fardo David W. , Abner Erin L. , Nelson Peter T. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Dementia and urinary incontinence (UI) are etiologically complex clinical syndromes. Dementia and UI often occur in the same individuals, but underlying factors connecting them are incompletely understood. Objective: Query data from a community-based autopsy series to assess pathologies that underlie UI. Methods: Included research subjects came to autopsy from the University of Kentucky Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center longitudinal cohort. A total of 368 research volunteers met inclusion criteria for this cross-sectional study. The average age at death was 85.3 years and the average number of annual clinic visits was 5.2 visits. Statistical models were run to evaluate which pathologies were associated with UI. Data included pathologies scored according to conventional stage-based systems, and these studies were complemented by quantitative digital neuropathology. Results: Dementia was diagnosed at the final clinical visit in 208 (56.7% of the sample) and UI was documented in 156 (42.7%). UI was associated with depression and dementia (both p < 0.001). More women than men had a history of UI ( p < 0.04), and women with UI had had more biological children than those without UI ( p < 0.005). Participants with limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC) were more likely to have UI than those without LATE-NC ( p < 0.001). The presence of LATE-NC (Stage > 1) was associated with UI with or without severe Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic changes and/or Lewy body pathology. Conclusion: In this community-based autopsy cohort, multiple factors were associated with UI, but the neuropathologic change most robustly associated with UI was LATE-NC.
STUDY OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION INDICATORS IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS
Authors: Tsypovyaz S.V. , Vashuk R.G. R.G. , Sarakhan V.M. , Savуtskyi I.V. , Yeromenko R.F. 
Published: May 2023

Background. In the structure of purulent complications, peritonitis, destructive lesions of abdominal organs, and, as a rule, advanced forms of these diseases occupy one of the first places - 15-25% of urgent surgical diseases are complicated by peritonitis. It is generally known that the leading role in the triggering mechanism of the development of peritonitis belongs to the systemic inflammatory reaction, a component of which is phagocytosis, cellular and humoral immunity. However, the results of research on the state of functional activity of the endothelium in experimental peritonitis are limited.
Aim: to study the activity of NO-synthase, FV and endothelin-1 in rats with experimental peritonitis.
Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 24 non-linear laboratory rats, which were divided into 2 groups: 1 group – intact control (animals received distilled water), 2 group – animals of the control pathology group. According to the "Methodological recommendations for preclinical study of medicinal products", experimental peritonitis was studied on the model of V. A. Lazarenko. Indicators of vascular-platelet and coagulation hemostasis were determined according to generally accepted methods. Indicators characterizing endothelial dysfunction were studied according to generally accepted methods.
Results. The most likely mechanism that is damaged in the endothelium during peritonitis is the activation of the synthesis of inducible NO-synthase by neutrophils/macrophages in response to infection. It is possible that the hyperproduction of nitric oxide, on the one hand, is aimed at destroying microflora and oxidizing toxins, and on the other hand, at suppressing the expression of tissue factor and cell adhesion molecules. platelet aggregation and cascade disorders in the hemostasis system. In animals with experimental peritonitis against the background of oxidative stress, there was an increase in the number of circulating desquamated endothelial cells in the blood, which is a highly specific marker of endothelial dysfunction. The level of the Willebrand factor also increased, which indicates the pathogenetic dependence of the factors that damage the endothelium of the vascular wall on the concentration of the Willebrand factor, which helps to reduce the permeability of blood vessels by adhesion of platelets to the endothelium. Confirmation of the development of endothelial dysfunction in peritonitis is an increase in the concentration of endothelin-1, which is a regulator of the process of vascular neoangiogenesis in response to endothelial damage.
Conclusion. Hyperproduction of nitric oxide not only reflects the processes that occur in the focus of vascular endothelium damage, but also affects the severity of the inflammatory process and the consequences of the disease.