bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between community participation, nutritional appetite and psychological distress among comorbid older persons
Authors: Khalaf Shimaa A. , Ahmed Gellan K. , Abdullah Saleh O. , Labieb Martha M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Poor appetite is a common problem among older people; it is known to contribute to weight loss, nutritional deficiencies, and increased mortality, which can affect their community participation and psychological status. In this study, we aimed to identify the relationship between community participation, nutritional appetite, and psychological distress among comorbid older people. This cross-sectional study included 300 elderly people, of whom 100 participated in geriatric clubs and 200 did not. Older people assessment sheet, the Australian Community Participation Questionnaire, the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used.

Results
Majority of geriatric club members had high community participation, while half of the older people who were not members of the club had moderate community participation levels. Approximately 41.0% of the participants at geriatric clubs had no risk at this time for a nutritional decline, while less than three-quarters of those who are not geriatric club members need frequent appetite reassessment. A correlation was observed between community participation with appetite and psychological distress in those who attended geriatric clubs. Those who are not geriatric club members had correlation between appetite with community participation and psychological distress (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions
Good appetite and psychological status are positively impacted by engaging in social activities among older people. Findings suggest that community programs, such as Meal on Wheels programs, and shared group activities can improve appetite and social interaction among older people.
The diversity of neurocysticercosis clinical manifestations in Bali, Indonesia: a case series
Authors: Pranajaya I. G. B. Aditya Adi , Suryapraba A. A. Ayu , Dewi Valentina Tjandra , Sudarmaja I Made , Swastika Kadek , Sudewi A. A. Raka , Susilawathi Ni Made 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic disease of the nervous system caused by the larval form of Taenia solium which is started to be neglected despite its high prevalence in poor and developing countries. Neurocysticercosis has various clinical manifestations and radiological findings ranging from parenchymal to extra parenchymal location, thus can make it difficult to diagnose.

Case presentations
We report four cases of NCC with varying manifestations, including epilepsy, chronic headache, space-occupying lesions with increased intracranial pressure, and asymptomatic case. NCC diagnosis requires imaging studies with either a head CT-scan or head MRI. Management of NCC is based on the clinical manifestations extended from antiepileptic drugs, analgetics, and antiedema to surgery besides anti-parasitic albendazole.

Conclusions
This case series describes the clinical manifestations of NCC and the radiologic findings and treatment specifically related to parenchymal and extra-parenchymal lesions.
Recent advances of natural pigments from algae
Authors: Chen Zhengxin , Wu Weihao , Wen Yuxi , Zhang Lizhu , Wu Yanglin , Farid Muhammad Salman , El-Seedi Hesham R. , Capanoglu Esra , Zhao Chao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPigment is an important food additive that plays a major role in the sensory impact of food. And natural sources, healthy and non-toxic edible pigments are receiving a lot of attention. Algae is an important source of natural pigments, and contain chlorophyll, phycoerythrin, carotene, and other natural pigments. Besides staining, the pigment also has powerful physiological activities such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and lipid-lowering. In this paper, three pigments in seaweed were reviewed, and their main structural properties and functions are presented, filling the gap in the review of pigments with seaweed as the main object of introduction. This review provides research basis for the development of new health foods, a new direction for the use of seaweed chlorophyll in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Graphical Abstract
Development and optimization of Ropinirole loaded self-nanoemulsifying tablets
Authors: Detholia Krunal , Mohandas Amrutha , Varia Umang , Jadeja Mukesh , Katariya Hitesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The present research work aims to develop a Ropinirole-loaded self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery system. Ropinirole has limited oral bioavailability due to substantial first-pass metabolism, which ultimately results in poor oral bioavailability and reduces plasma drug concentration and an overall reduction in therapeutic effects. Avoiding hepatic first-pass metabolism by increasing lymphatic uptake is the goal of the creation of the Ropinirole Self-NanoEmulsifying System. The solvent system for the liquid Self-NanoEmulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) was optimized using Box-Behnken Design, where the concentration of oil(X1), surfactant (X2), and co-surfactant(X3) were taken as independent variables. The formulated liquid SNEDDS were then converted into solid SNEDDS by the adsorption method for improving patient compliance.

Results
The obtained mean droplet size of the formulated SNEDDS was 96.71 nm, and the rate of emulsification was 22 s. Liquid SNEDDS was converted into solid SNEDDS using Syloid 244 FP as adsorbent. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study shows well-separated particles adsorbed on Syloid 244 FP. In vitro drug release studies show better release from solid and liquid SNEDDS when compared to pure suspension.

Conclusions
Ropinirole-loaded SNEDDS can be a better option for reducing the extensive first-pass metabolism associated with Ropinirole.
The influence of sustainable building of gated communities on the natural environment and the user: the case of Madinaty city
Authors: Alagamy Sherine Fathy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNowadays, the world is facing a global issue as a result of the depletion of the environment’s natural resources. This is a consequence of conventional building techniques that exploit these resources without considering the negative consequences on the environment and the future. This is the reason why there is an urge to preserve these resources for the sake of future generations. Sustainability’s main aim is to preserve the environment’s natural resources, like water and energy, to meet current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Based on this, the United Nations initiated a global trend to face this challenge through sustainable building. This paper investigates the positive impact of sustainable building on the environment and the users in order to provide a better quality of life. The case study investigates Madinaty city, which is a gated community situated to the east of Cairo city center. Initially, sustainability is analyzed based on global and local criteria, and its impact on the environment and user is evaluated. Based on the global assessment, the results show that Madinaty has succeeded in achieving sustainable design; however, some issues need to be improved such as housing affordability, availability of services, and preserving the cultural heritage. On the local level, all criteria are met except for the balance between supply and demand. When evaluating these results, it is concluded that Madinaty has succeeded in having a positive impact on the environment and the users, eventually providing a better quality of life.
Mathematical modeling of trypanosomiasis control strategies in communities where human, cattle and wildlife interact
Authors: Helikumi Mlyashimbi , Mushayabasa Steady 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpillover of trypanosomiasis parasites from wildlife to domestic livestock and humans remains a major challenge world over. With the disease targeted for elimination by 2030, assessing the impact of control strategies in communities where there are human-cattle-wildlife interactions is therefore essential. A compartmental framework incorporating tsetse flies, humans, cattle, wildlife and various disease control strategies is developed and analyzed. The reproduction is derived and its sensitivity to different model parameters is investigated. Meanwhile, the optimal control theory is used to identify a combination of control strategies capable of minimizing the infected human and cattle population over time at minimal costs of implementation. The results indicates that tsetse fly mortality rate is strongly and negatively correlated to the reproduction number. It is also established that tsetse fly feeding rate in strongly and positively correlated to the reproduction number. Simulation results indicates that time dependent control strategies can significantly reduce the infections. Overall, the study shows that screening and treatment of humans may not lead to disease elimination. Combining this strategy with other strategies such as screening and treatment of cattle and vector control strategies will result in maximum reduction of tsetse fly population and disease elimination.
Computational fluid dynamics-based prediction of aortic aneurysm rupture in a patient with chronic aortic dissection
Authors: Ikeno Yuki , Takayama Yoshishige , Matsueda Takashi , Miyoshi Maiko , Motoki Tatsuo , Kurushima Atsushi , Otani Takashi , Fukumura Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The indication of additional aortic arch surgery for residual aortic dissection remains controversial as some patients experience aneurysm rupture at a smaller diameter of 55 mm.

Method
An 84-year-old woman, who underwent total arch replacement for chronic dissection, developed rupture of a residual aneurysm of with a diameter of 48 mm. Computational fluid dynamics simulated pressure and wall shear stress comparing pre- and post-total arch replacement.

Results
After total arch replacement, false lumen pressure in the distal aortic arch increased (pre, 138.5 mmHg; post, 148.2 mmHg). Wall shear stress also increased in the distal aortic arch (pre, 10.5 Pa; post, 16.9 Pa).

Conclusion
Computational fluid dynamics could retrospectively predict a significant postoperative increase in false lumen pressure and wall shear stress of chronic dissections after total arch replacement, potentially leading to aneurysm rupture.
Sexual health experiences of women and non-binary people with early psychosis: qualitative study
Authors: Barker Lucy C. , Vigod Simone N. , Hussain Zakia , France Julia , Rodriguez Ananka , Lubotzky-Gete Shakked , Berkhout Suze , Dmytryshyn Robert , Dunn Sheila , Gupta Renu , Hosseiny Fardous , Sirotich Frank , Soklaridis Sophie , Voineskos Aristotle , Zaheer Juveria 
Published: August 2023

Background
Women and gender-diverse people with early psychosis are at risk for suboptimal sexual health outcomes, yet little research has explored their sexual health experiences.

Aims
This study explored sexual health experiences and related priorities among women and gender-diverse people with early psychosis, to identify opportunities for improvements in sexual health and well-being.

Method
Semi-structured individual qualitative interviews explored how patient participants (n = 19, aged 18–31 years, cisgender and transgender women and non-binary individuals) receiving clinical care from early psychosis programmes in Ontario, Canada, experienced their sexual health, including sexual function and behaviour. Thematic analysis was conducted, with triangulation from interviews/focus groups with clinicians (n = 36) who provide sexual and mental healthcare for this population.

Results
Three key themes were identified based on patient interviews: theme 1 was the impact of psychotic illness and its treatments on sexual function and activity, including variable changes in sex drive, attitudes and behaviours during acute psychosis, vulnerability to trauma and medications; theme 2 related to intimacy and sexual relationships in the context of psychosis, with bidirectional effects between relationships and mental health; and theme 3 comprised autonomy, identity and intersectional considerations, including gender, sexuality, culture and religion, which interplay with psychosis and sexual health. Clinicians raised each of these priority areas, but emphasised risk prevention relative to patients’ more holistic view of their sexual health and well-being.

Conclusions
Women and non-binary people with early psychosis have wide-ranging sexual health priorities, affecting many facets of their lives. Clinical care should incorporate this knowledge to optimise sexual health and well-being in this population.
Clinical practice guidelines on the use of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder: systematic review
Authors: Mazzoleni Adele , Bhatia Shreya , Bantounou Maria A. , Kumar Niraj S. , Dzalto Monika , Soiza Roy L. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been proposed to improve symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) but is not yet an established therapy.

Aims
To identify relevant guidelines and assess their recommendations for the use of DBS in OCD.

Method
Medline, Embase, American Psychiatric Association PsycInfo and Scopus were searched, as were websites of relevant societies and guideline development organisations. The review was based on the PRISMA recommendations, and the search strategy was verified by a medical librarian. The protocol was developed and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022353715). The guidelines were assessed for quality using the AGREE II instrument.

Results
Nine guidelines were identified. Three guidelines scored >80% on AGREE II. ‘Scope and Purpose’ and ‘Editorial Independence’ were the highest scoring domains, but ‘Applicability’ scores were low. Eight guidelines recommended that DBS is used after all other treatment options have failed to alleviate OCD symptoms. One guideline did not recommend DBS beyond a research setting. Only one guideline performed a cost-effectiveness analysis; the other eight did not provide details on safe or effective DBS protocols.

Conclusion
Despite a very limited evidence base, eight of the nine identified guidelines supported the use of DBS for OCD as a last line of therapy; however, multiple aspects of DBS provision were not addressed.
Synthetic Cannabinoids (SCs) K2 clinical manifestation-A literature review
Authors: Kamrun S. , Sultana T. , Faruki F. A. , Goddu S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere has been an increase in the use of new psychoactive substances containing synthetic cannabinoids in recent years. It is also known as K2, spice, or fake weed, and these are popular as recreational drugs [Kourouni I et al. JAMA NetW Open 2020 Jul; 1;3(7): e208516]. CB1 agonists in SCs mimic the effects of cannabis, making users feel happy and relaxed. However, recreational SCs may result in unwanted severe consequences such as acute anxiety and psychosis [Gunderson EW et al. AM J Addict 2012 Jul-Aug; 21(4): 320-6]. Relative to tetra-hydro cannabinol (THC), synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are more potent and efficacious agonists and may exert deleterious effects on health [Gunderson EW et al. AM J Addict 2012 Jul-Aug; 21(4): 320-6].ObjectivesOur aim of this review is to focus on the typical presentation of SCs use and help clinicians to better understand and be more vigilant about K2 manifestationsMethodsIn conducting the literature review, only English language articles were selected from PubMed and PubMed Central (PMC) databases through August 14, 2022, using the search term “Synthetic cannabinoids k2 clinical manifestation”. Three reviewers conducted the initial review of the titles and abstracts of the electronic search, followed by detailed assessments of the relevant studies. Peer-reviewed Case series, case reports, and systematic review studies were included that met the inclusion criteria (articles in the English language, studies on humans, studies on synthetic cannabinoids (SC) or K2 use and its clinical manifestations.ResultsElectronic search results showed a total of 60 articles. Fifty articles were excluded based on title review (36 articles), abstract review (4 articles), and full article review (10 articles). Case series on 30 ICU patients (SC intoxication) showed agitation 33%, bizarre behavior, coma 33%, seizure 20%, Acute respiratory failure 60%, Tracheal intubation 70%, Rhabdomyolysis 26%, Invasive mechanical ventilation 40%, Acute kidney injury 26% and cardiotoxic effect [Kourouni I et al. JAMA NetW Open 2020 Jul; 1; 3(7): e208516]. Cross-sectional study on 50 male cases showed altered perception 68%, including auditory and visual hallucination, dizziness and loss of consciousness, palpitation 76%, chest pain 12%, panic attack, and convulsion [Abdelmoneim WM et al. Middle East Current Psychiatry 2022; 29 (1): 24]. Literature reviews has shown the common psychiatric presentations of SC are acute anxiety, agitation, psychosis, paranoia, disorientation, alteration of mood and perception, hallucination, and delusion [Debruyne D et al. Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2015 Oct 20; 6:113-29, Radhakrishnan R et al. Front Psychiatry 2014 May 22;5:54].ConclusionsThere are limited research related to synthetic cannabinoids in human. Based on our review, SC intoxication can be life-threatening besides psychiatric manifestation. Therefore, clinicians must understand the vast clinical manifestations of SCs.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cannabis and cannabinoids for mental health indications: evidence of effect and adverse events
Authors: Bramness J. G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCannabis and cannabinoids have been marketed and sold for a variety of different psychiatric conditions like e.g., anxiety, sleep problems, ADHD, PTSD, and even psychosis. Some of these indications may be reasonable, but for some a more conservative approach should be upheld. There are quite a few open studies and case reports on effects, while larger blinded RCTs either fail to find these effects or are lacking. The lecture aims at presenting the most recent evidence for the use of cannabis and cannabinoids for psychiatric indications, alongside a presentation of adverse effects.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychiatric disorders in teleoperators : A series of 27 cases
Authors: Ghenim A. , Brahim D. , Mechergui N. , Belkahla A. , Ernez S. , Bahri G. , Ayed W. , Youssef I. , Ladhari N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBy its nature, the activity of teleoperators seems to be a propitious environment for the development of psychosocial disorders, sometimes severeObjectivesTo study the frequency of psychiatric disorders among teleoperators and their impact on medical fitness for workMethodsThis is a retrospective descriptive epidemiological study. We examined the files of teleoperators who were referred to the occupational medicine department of Charles Nicolle between 2014 and 2022 for a medical opinion of aptitudeResultsA total of 82 cases were identified, 27 of which had psychological complaints. A clear female predominance was noted (21). The average age was 38.22+-6.536 years. All the patients were telephonists at the call-taking station with an average professional seniority of 9.3+-3.395 years. The symptoms noted were: sad mood (19), irritability (15), anxiety (10), sleep disorders (8), loss of vital impetus (8), neurovegetative signs (6), psychomotor slowing (5), concentration and memory disorders (3). Only one patient had suicidal thoughts. Symptoms had been evolving for an average of 34.32+-34.527 months. Psychiatric follow-up was noted in 16 patients. The diagnoses retained were: anxiety and depressive disorder (19), adjustment disorder (4), panic disorder (2), obsessive-compulsive disorder (1), and a satisfactory state of health (1). In some cases, the evolution was marked by complications: addiction(1), tonic stuttering with phobic disorder(1) and speech disorder(1). The prescribed treatments were: an antidepressant(2), an antidepressant-anxiety combination(8) and psychotropic drugs(2). Concerning the ability to work, 21 patients required an eviction from call taking (definitive (9) or temporary for 3 months (7) or 6 months (5) with re-evaluation of the medical ability to work at the end of this period), 1patient had an eviction from night work and an other had a reduction of the working hours.ConclusionsTeleoperators are exposed to several risks which can affect both their mental and physical health and put their medical fitness for work at risk.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Identification of anxiety-depressive disorders in paramedics working shift work
Authors: Brahim D. , Mechergui N. , Youssef I. , Ayed W. , Mersni M. , Ernez S. , Ladhari N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionShift work can lead to mental health problems evolving into real anxiety disorders with significant socio-professional repercussions.ObjectivesThe purpose of our work was to screen paramedics with shift work for anxiety disorders.MethodsCross-sectional study carried out among the paramedical staff of a Tunisian university hospital. The data was collected from a pre-established record sheet. Screening for anxiety-depressive disorders was done using the HAD scaleResultsThe study included 158 paramedics. The average age was 36.48 years with female predominance at 70.9%. The average working time was 11.1 8.9 years and the average working time in shift work was 10.27 9.2 years. Of the 13 departments with non-standard hours of work, the main departments represented were resuscitation (n=24; 15.2%), emergencies (n=18; 11.4%) and radiology (n=17; 10.8%). Nurses accounted for 46.2%, manual workers for 23.4% and senior technicians for 19%.Certain anxiety symptomatology was found in 53.2% (n=84) and doubtful symptomatology in 29.1% (n=46) of the general population. Certain depressive symptomatology was noted in 17.1% (n=27) and doubtful symptomatology in 30.4% (n=48) of the general population. Occupational seniority and seniority in shift work were statistically significantly associated with both anxiety (p=0.04/p=0.05) and depression (p=0.05/p=0.006) symptomatology. ). Similarly, this anxiety-depressive symptomatology was associated with the position occupied (p=0.02 / p=0.04) and the assignment department (p=0.008 / p=0.01).ConclusionsAnxiety-depressive disorders are common among paramedics working shift work in hospitals. Screening consultations in occupational medicine are necessary to detect these disorders early.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared