bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of foot pain and association with baseline characteristics in people participating in education and supervised exercise for knee or hip osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study of 26,003 participants from the GLA:D® registry
Authors: Gates Lucy S , Cherry Lindsey , Grønne Dorte T , Roos Ewa M , Skou Soren T 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) affecting the knee or hip is highly prevalent in the general population and has associated high disease burden. Early identification of modifiable risk factors that prevent, limit, or resolve disease symptoms is critical. Foot pain may represent a potentially modifiable factor however little is known about the prevalence of foot pain in people with knee or hip OA nor whether foot pain is associated with clinical characteristics. The main aim of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence of foot pain in people with knee or hip OA attending an education and supervised exercise-based intervention in Denmark (GLA:D®) and determine if baseline demographic or clinical characteristics are associated with foot pain.
Methods
Analysis was conducted on baseline data of 26,003 people with symptomatic knee or hip OA completing a body mannequin as part of the Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D®) primary care programme. Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate the strength of association between baseline clinical characteristics (including pain severity in worst knee/hip joint, number of painful knee/hip joints, pain medication use and physical activity level) and the presence of baseline foot pain.
Results
Twelve percent of participants (n = 3,049) reported foot pain. In those people with index knee OA (n = 19,391), knee pain severity (OR 1.01 CI 1.00, 1.01), number of painful knee/hip joints (OR 1.67 CI 1.58, 1.79), and use of pain medication (OR 1.23 CI 1.12, 1.36) were statistically associated with foot pain. Excluding use of pain medication, similar associations were seen in those with index hip OA.
Conclusion
Twelve percent of people with knee or hip OA participating in GLA:D® had foot pain. Those with worse knee/hip pain, and greater number of painful joints were more likely to report foot pain. This study is the first to demonstrate a significant relationship between clinical characteristics and foot pain in people with knee or hip OA participating in education and supervised exercise. Future investigation should consider the role that foot pain may play on knee and hip related outcomes following therapeutic intervention.
The anticancer effects of thymol on HepG2 cell line
Authors: Altintas Fatih , Tunc-Ata Melek , Secme Mucahit , Kucukatay Vural 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
There is an increasing incidence of liver cancer, which is a hazard for global health. The present study was designed to evaluate possible cytotoxic, genotoxic, apoptotic, oxidant and antioxidant effects of thymol on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. The cytotoxic effect of thymol on HepG2 cell line was determined by XTT test. We also used the HUVEC cell line to show whether thymol damages healthy cells. Oxidative stress level was determined with Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) measurement kits. Apoptosis of cells was detected in flow cytometry with Annexin V apoptosis kit. Apoptotic gene expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR. Genotoxicity was determined by comet assay, which measures DNA damage. The thymol IC50 dose was found to be 11 μM on HepG2 cell line. This dose had no lethal effect on the healthy HUVEC cell line. While thymol significantly decreased the TOS level, it increased the TAS level significantly in HepG2 cells compared to control. Thymol significantly induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells (apoptosis rate in control group 1%, in thymol group 21%). Thymol did not alter the gene expressions of bax, bcl-2, and casp3, all of which are associated with apoptosis. Statistically significant change in favor of genotoxicity was observed in tail length measurements. Our results suggest that thymol decreases oxidative stress in HepG2 cell line, but it induces apoptosis and genotoxicity.
Missed Opportunities in Aspirin Prescribing for Preeclampsia Prevention
Authors: Singh Noreen , Shuman Saskia , Chiofalo Jacqueline , Cabrera Mariela , Smith Aimee 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia, are a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the United States, particularly among low-income and historically marginalized populations. Evidence suggests low-dose aspirin prophylaxis may help prevent preeclampsia in individuals at increased risk of developing the disease. This study examines associations between preeclampsia risk factors and aspirin prescribing practices among patients receiving prenatal care at a network of federally qualified health centers (FQHC).
Methods
Researchers conducted retrospective chart reviews (n = 523) of pregnant individuals ages 18–50 who completed two or more prenatal visits at the FQHC between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020. Prescription patterns for patients at moderate and high risk for preeclampsia were analyzed using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models to identify the patients with the greatest risk of not receiving the recommended prophylactic treatment.
Results
Of 249 total patients considered at risk for preeclampsia, only 39% received an aspirin prescription. 57.89% of patients with any high-risk factor were appropriately prescribed aspirin, but only 27.27% of patients with two or more moderate risk factors without high risk factors received a prescription. Clinicians most frequently prescribed aspirin for patients with a history of preeclampsia and history of hypertension. However, aspirin was prescribed a maximum of 78.79% of the time for patients with a prior history of hypertension. Among moderate risk factors, patients with advanced maternal age, Black race, or nulliparity were significantly more likely in adjusted models to be prescribed aspirin.
Conclusions
Despite the documented benefits of aspirin prescribing and support from professional societies, there are still many missed opportunities for aspirin prophylaxis to prevent preeclampsia. Future interventions should focus on identifying patients who qualify for aspirin prophylaxis on the basis of having multiple moderate risk factors without comorbid high risk factors.
Machine Learning in the Detection of Dental Cyst, Tumor, and Abscess Lesions
Authors: Kumar Vyshiali Sivaram , R Pradeep Kumar. , Yadalam Pradeep Kumar , Anegundi Raghavendra Vamsi , Shrivastava Deepti , Alfurhud Ahmed Ata , Almaktoom Ibrahem T. , Alftaikhah Sultan Abdulkareem Ali , Alsharari Ahmed Hamoud L. , Srivast Kumar Chandan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and Objective:
Dental panoramic radiographs are utilized in computer-aided image analysis, which detects ab-normal tissue masses by analyzing the produced image capacity to recognize patterns of intensity fluctuations. This is done to reduce the need for invasive biopsies for arriving to a diagnosis. The aim of the current study was to examine and compare the accuracy of several texture analysis techniques, such as Grey Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM), Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), and wavelet analysis in recognizing dental cyst, tumor, and abscess lesions.
Materials & Methods
The current retrospective study retrieved a total of 172 dental panoramic radiographs with lesion including dental cysts, tumors, or abscess. Radiographs that failed to meet technical criteria for diagnostic quality (such as significant overlap of teeth, a diffuse image, or distortion) were excluded from the sample. The methodology adopted in the study comprised of five stages. At first, the radiographs are improved, and the area of interest was segmented manually. A variety of feature extraction techniques, such GLCM, GLRLM, and the wavelet analysis were used to gather information from the area of interest. Later, the lesions were classified as a cyst, tumor, abscess, or using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Eventually, the data was transferred into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and SPSS (version 21) was used to conduct the statistical analysis. Initially descriptive statistics were computed. For inferential analysis, statistical significance was determined by a p value < 0.05. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were used to find the significant difference between assessed and actual diagnosis.
Results
The findings demonstrate that 98% accuracy was achieved using GLCM, 91% accuracy using Wavelet analysis & 95% accuracy using GLRLM in distinguishing between dental cyst, tumor, and abscess lesions. The AUC number indicates that GLCM achieves a high degree of accuracy. The results achieved excellent accuracy (98%) using GLCM.
Conclusion
The GLCM features can be used for further research. After improving the performance and training, it can support routine histological diagnosis and can assist the clinicians in arriving at accurate and spontaneous treatment plans.
Rock slope stability assessment based on the critical failure state curve for the Generalized Hoek‒Brown criterion
Authors: Zhang Wenlian , Sun Xiaoyun , Yuan Wei , Liu Ting , Jin Shenyi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The strength reduction method (SRM) based on the Generalized Hoek‒Brown (GHB) criterion has become an important and popular means to analyse the stability of rock slopes. Various reduction strategies have been proposed and applied by civil engineering. This paper proposed a new SRM for rock slopes with the GHB criterion based on the critical failure state curve (CFSC). The existence of the CFSC has been proven by theoretical analysis, and the explicit expression of the CFSCs for different parameters mi and slope angles β, considering the influence of disturbance factor D, has been obtained by curve fitting based on a great deal of simulation data. The new SRM provides a graphic method to determine the parameters at the critical failure state from the initial state and proposes a definition of the factor of safety (FOS) based on the parameters of the two states. This method was applied to 8 slope examples to verify its validity and accuracy. The relative errors between the critical state parameters obtained from the graphic method and that from the simulation analysis are less than 10%, which proves the accuracy of the CFSCs. The FOSs obtained by the proposed definition are compared with that obtained by the Bishop simplified method and the local linearization method (LLM), and the results are very close. The relative error is less than ± 5% compared with the LLM, and the stability state predicted is perfectly accurate. However, the calculation procedure is largely simplified, and the calculation speed is largely improved.
Changes of B cell subsets in different types of diabetes and its effect on the progression of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
Authors: Wu Peihao , Song Yingxiang , Chen Zhuo , Xia Jun , Zhou Yu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Developmental abnormalities in B cells is one of the key players in autoimmune diabetes, but little is known about its role in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). This study aimed to investigate the distribution of B cell subsets in different types of diabetes and to analyze their correlations with other biochemical parameters.
Methods
A total of 140 participants were prospectively enrolled from January 2021 to December 2022. Diabetes-related autoantibodies and laboratory indicators were tested. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the percentage of circulating B cell subsets and T follicular cells. The correlation of B cell subsets with different indicators was assessed by Spearman’s correlation method.
Results
We observed that the Naïve phenotype cells tended to be less frequent in patients with diabetes than in healthy controls. The frequency of plasmablasts (PB) and Breg cell-related phenotype (B10) were significantly higher in LADA. Notably, the percentage of PB was positively associated with levels of islet cell antibody (ICA) and insulin autoantibody (IAA), but inversely associated with fasting C-peptide (FCP), further indicating that PB may promote the destruction of β-cell in patients with diabetes.
Conclusions
This study showed that patients with LADA had a significantly altered B cell repertoires, especially exhibiting a naive to memory phenotype shift. Our study provided valuable information on the distribution characteristics of B cell subsets in LADA and suggested the feasibility of B-cell targeted therapy in LADA patients.
Crystal Crafting: Controlling Crystallites Orientation and Facet Exposure for Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Polycrystalline MoO3 Films
Authors: Trzciński Konrad , Zarach Zuzanna , Szkoda Mariusz , Nowak Andrzej P. , Sawczak Mirosław 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the development and optimization of MoO3 films on commercially available FTO substrates using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. By carefully selecting deposition conditions and implementing post-treatment procedures, precise control over crystallite orientation relative to the substrate is achieved. Deposition at 450°C in O2 atmosphere results in random crystallite arrangement, while introducing argon instead of oxygen to the PLD chamber during the initial stage of sputtering exposes the (102) and (011) facets. On the other hand, room temperature deposition leads to the formation of amorphous film, but after appropriate post-annealing treatment, the (00k) facets were exposed. The deposited films are studied using SEM and XRD techniques. Moreover, electrochemical properties of FTO/MoO3 electrodes immersed in 1 M AlCl3 aqueous solution are evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that different electrochemical processes are promoted based on the orientation of crystallites. When the (102) and (011) facets are exposed, the Al3+ ions intercalation induced by polarization is facilitated, while the (00k) planes exposure leads to the diminished hydrogen evolution reaction overpotential.
A risk-based subgroup analysis of the effect of adjuvant S-1 in estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer
Authors: Takada Masahiro , Imoto Shigeru , Ishida Takanori , Ito Yoshinori , Iwata Hiroji , Masuda Norikazu , Mukai Hirofumi , Saji Shigehira , Ikeda Takafumi , Haga Hironori , Saeki Toshiaki , Aogi Kenjiro , Sugie Tomoharu , Ueno Takayuki , Ohno Shinji , Ishiguro Hiroshi , Kanbayashi Chizuko , Miyamoto Takeshi , Hagiwara Yasuhiro , Toi Masakazu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE: The Phase III POTENT trial demonstrated the efficacy of adding S-1 to adjuvant endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer. We investigated the efficacy of S-1 across different recurrence risk subgroups.
METHODS: This was a post-hoc exploratory analysis of the POTENT trial. Patients in the endocrine-therapy-only arm were divided into three groups based on composite risk values calculated from multiple prognostic factors. The effects of S-1 were estimated using the Cox model in each risk group. The treatment effects of S-1 in patients meeting the eligibility criteria of the monarchE trial were also estimated.
RESULTS: A total of 1,897 patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (≤ lower quartile of the composite values) (N = 677), group 2 (interquartile range) (N = 767), and group 3 (> upper quartile) (N = 453). The addition of S-1 to endocrine therapy resulted in 49% (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33–0.78) and 29% (HR: 0.71, 95% CI 0.49–1.02) reductions in invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) events in groups 2 and 3, respectively. We could not identify any benefit from the addition of S-1 in group 1. The addition of S-1 showed an improvement in iDFS in patients with one to three positive nodes meeting the monarchE cohort 1 criteria (N = 290) (HR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.29–0.74).
CONCLUSIONS: The benefit of adding adjuvant S-1 was particularly marked in group 2. Further investigations are warranted to explore the optimal usage of adjuvant S-1.
Clinical trial registration: jRCTs051180057/CRB5180002
Association of Diet, Lifestyle, and Chronotype with Metabolic Health in Ukrainian Adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Romanenko Mariana , Schuster Julius , Piven Liubov , Synieok Liudmyla , Dubiley Tetyana , Bogomaz Liudmyla , Hahn Andreas , Mueller Mattea 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Morning chronotypes are associated with healthier metabolic profiles and lifestyles compared to evening chronotypes. However, limited research examined the relationship between chronotype, dietary intake, and metabolic health using accurate measures such as food records. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between chronotype, dietary intake, and metabolic health markers in a cohort of Ukrainian individuals.
Chronotypes were determined using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) in 110 healthy to obese individuals (30-75 years) without type 2 diabetes. Dietary intake was derived from weighed seven days food diaries, anthropometrics and blood markers of glucose and lipid metabolism were measured.
Morning chronotypes were significantly older and exhibited distinct dietary patterns, including lower intake of fat and animal protein and higher intake of carbohydrates when compared to evening chronotypes (p<0.01). Higher MEQ scores were associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, fasting triglyceride, and glucose (p<0.05). Further, being of morning chronotype predicted better overall metabolic health. These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounders.
The findings suggest that morning chronotypes have a different dietary pattern characterized by a more balanced diet and favorable metabolic profile. These results suggest that aligning daily activities with morning preferences may have positive effects on metabolic health.
Reference Ranges of Serum Pepsinogens on Two Platforms in the Chinese Population
Authors: Huang Yuan , Yang Hong , Ding Rui , Wang Li , Li Ji , Li Wenbo , Qin Xuzhen , Xu Yingchun , Qian Jiaming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to establish the reference ranges of serum pepsinogen-I (PG-I), PG-II, and the PG-I/II ratio (PGR) in the Chinese population by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to explore the consistency between the two methods.
Methods
2904 individuals were enrolled from six regions in China as part of the Chinese Adult Digestive Diseases Surveillance (2016) program. The individuals completed questionnaires and volunteered to undergo examinations, including gastroscopy, urea breath test, abdominal ultrasound examination and routine serologic tests. Serum was collected to measure PGs (including PG-I, PG-II and PGR) by CLIA and ELISA. The reference ranges of PGs obtained by the two methods were established according to document CLSI-EP28-A3, with covariates of sex, age, and region. Spearman correlation analysis, linear regression analysis and allowable total error (ATE) zone analysis were used to assess the consistency between the two methods.
Results
Participants who were found obvious abnormalities or absent from the examinations were excluded. Ultimately, 747 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Data from the 747 individuals were analyzed for PGs reference ranges. Reference ranges of PGs by CLIA and ELISA platforms were obtained with stratification by age group and sex. The region was not an influencing factor on the PGs results, except in the PG-I findings by ELISA. ATE zone analysis showed the consistency between the two methods was poor, and the two methods could not be substituted for each other.
Conclusion
This study established and compared the reference ranges of PGs on two platforms by strict and intact enrollment standard. The findings are valuable for clinical application and laboratory interpretation.
ROCK1 orchestrates B cell differentiation in response to PAMPs and heme by controlling the heme-regulated proteins Bach2 and HRI
Authors: Rivera-Correa Juan , Gupta Sanjay , Ricker Edd , Flores-Castro Danny , Jenkins Daniel , Vulcano Stephen , Pannellini Tania , Miele Matthew , Li Zhuoning , Zamponi Nahuel , Kim Young , Giannopoulou Eugenia , Cerchietti Leandro , Pernis Alessandra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Protective humoral responses require that B cells successfully complete their differentiation programs even when exposed to hostile environments generated during severe infections, like the massive hemolysis triggered by malaria. The mechanisms utilized by differentiating B cells to withstand damaging conditions replete in PAMPs and DAMPs are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the serine-threonine kinase ROCK1 enables B cells to execute their differentiation programs upon exposure to PAMPs and high levels of heme, a critical DAMP, by controlling two key heme-regulated molecules, Bach2 and HRI. ROCK1 restrains plasma cell differentiation by phosphorylating Bach2. As B cells differentiate in the presence of PAMPs and heme, furthermore, ROCK1 limits the proinflammatory potential of B cells and restrains mTORC1 activity by controlling the assembly of multimolecular complexes that contain the adaptor p62, raptor, ripoptosome components, and molecules involved in RNA metabolism and proteostasis. ROCK1 regulates formation of these complexes by controlling the interplay between HSPs and the stress kinase HRI. Thus, ROCK1 helps B cells cope with intense pathogen-driven destruction by coordinating the activity and localization of key molecules that mediate cell-fate decisions, effector functions, and RNA and protein homeostasis. These ROCK1-dependent mechanisms may be widely employed by cells to handle severe environmental stresses and these findings may be broadly relevant for infections, vaccine development, and immune-mediated diseases marked by chronic tissue damage like autoimmune disorders.