bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐occurrence of celiac disease and glycogen storage disease in a five‐year‐old patient with diabetes mellitus; a case report
Authors: Khani Sina , Soheili Amirali , Vahabi Seyed Mohammad , Dara Naghi , Sayyari Aliakbar , Nilipour Yalda , Parvizi Maryam , Hosseini Amirhossein 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageA patient presented with edema, ascites and jaundice. Histologic report was consistent with Celiac Disease. Liver biopsy commensurate with Glycogen storage disease III, which was confirmed by genetic testing. A gluten‐free diet was initiated. After 2 months, ascites was relieved, hepatic function was improved, and hepatic size reduced.
Deciphering Enzyme Mechanisms with Engineered Ancestors and Substrate Analogues
Authors: Gao Tadeja , Damborsky Jiri , Janin Yves L. , Marek Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnvironmentally friendly industrial and biotech processes greatly benefit from enzyme‐based technologies. Their use is often possible only when the enzyme‐catalytic mechanism is thoroughly known. Thus, atomic‐level knowledge of a Michaelis enzyme‐substrate complex, revealing molecular details of substrate recognition and catalytic chemistry, is crucial for understanding and then rationally extending or improving enzyme‐catalyzed reactions. However, many known enzymes sample huge protein conformational space, often preventing complete structural characterization by X‐ray crystallography. Moreover, using a cognate substrate is problematic since its conversion into a reaction product in the presence of the enzyme will prevent the capture of the enzyme‐substrate conformation in an activated state. Here, we outlined how to deal with such obstacles, focusing on the recent discovery of a Renilla‐type bioluminescence reaction mechanism facilitated by a combination of engineered ancestral enzyme and the availability of a non‐oxidizable luciferin analogue. The automated ancestral sequence reconstructions using FireProtASR provided a thermostable enzyme suited for structural studies, and a stable luciferin analogue azacoelenterazine provided a structurally cognate chemical incapable of catalyzed oxidation. We suggest that an analogous strategy can be applied to various enzymes with unknown catalytic mechanisms and poor crystallizability.
Flexible and Binder‐Free Iron Phosphide Electrodes Using a Three‐Dimensional Support for High Hydrogen Productivity
Authors: Díez‐García María Isabel , García Blanco Andrés Alberto , Murcia‐López Sebastian , Botifoll Marc , Arbiol Jordi , Qamar Mohammad , Morante Joan Ramon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover is the group of Energy Storage, Harvesting and Catalysis (https://www.irec.cat/research/group/energy‐storage‐harvesting‐and‐catalysis/) of Pr. J. R. Morante at the Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC) in Spain that carried out this work in collaboration with the group of Pr. J. Arbiol from ICREA and ICN2 (Spain) and Dr. M. Qamar from KFUPM (Saudi Arabia). The cover picture shows an artistic representation of an electrolyzer that integrates a porous cathode able to produce hydrogen at high production rates. The required electric output to the cell is provided by solar panels. Oxygen produced by the oxidation reaction is released into the atmosphere. The layout represents how the produced green hydrogen can be used for different applications such as feedstock for chemicals and e‐fuels (from CO2 capture) in urban areas. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202201152.
Aluminium and Gallium Silylimides as Nitride Sources**
Authors: Heilmann Andreas , Saddington Artemis M. , Goicoechea Jose M. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTerminal aluminium and gallium imides of the type K[(NON)M(NR)], bearing heteroatom substituents at R, have been synthesised via reactions of anionic aluminium(I) and gallium(I) reagents with silyl and boryl azides (NON=4,5‐bis(2,6‐diisopropyl‐anilido)‐2,7‐di‐tert‐butyl‐9,9‐dimethyl‐xanthene). These systems vary significantly in their lability in solution: the N(SiiPr3) and N(Boryl) complexes are very labile, on account of the high basicity at nitrogen. Phenylsilylimido derivatives provide greater stabilization through the π‐acceptor capabilities of the SiR3 group. K[(NON)AlN(SitBuPh2)] offers a workable compromise between stability and solubility, and has been completely characterized by spectroscopic, analytical and crystallographic methods. The silylimide species examined feature minimal π‐bonding between the imide ligand and aluminium/gallium, with the HOMO and HOMO‐1 orbitals effectively comprising orthogonal lone pairs centred at N. Reactivity‐wise, both aluminium and gallium silylimides can act as viable sources of nitride, [N]3−, with systems derived from either metal reacting with CO to afford cyanide complexes. By contrast, only the gallium system K[(NON)Ga{N(SiPh3)}] is capable of effecting a similar transformation with N2O to yield azide, N3−, via formal oxide/nitride metathesis. The aluminium systems instead generate RN3 via transfer of the imide fragment [RN]2−.
PROTOCOL: The effects of agricultural output market access interventions on agricultural, socio‐economic and food and nutrition security outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Villar Paul Fenton , Kozakiewicz Tomasz , Bachina Vinitha , Young Sarah , Shisler Shannon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDevelopment agencies and international donors’ efforts are increasingly focusing on better integrating poor and remote farmers into agricultural markets to address the chronic issues of rural poverty and hunger in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Using systematic methods for information retrieval, critical appraisal and evidence synthesis, this research aims to examine evidence on the effects of five focal types of agricultural market access interventions: (i) farm‐to‐market transport infrastructure interventions; (ii) output market information interventions; (iii) initiatives creating new marketplaces and alternative marketing opportunities; (iv) contract farming initiatives; (v) interventions improving storage infrastructure. In this review, we will study evidence of the magnitude and direction of intervention effects on agricultural, socio‐economic, and food and nutrition security outcomes. We will examine evidence of the distribution of reported effects across different contexts, interventions and sub‐groups of the population (e.g., according to sex, socio‐economic status, farm size, etc.). We will also report on included studies’ risk of bias and on what evidence is available on intervention costs, or their cost‐effectiveness. This protocol outlines this review's planned methods and the criteria for selecting and including studies in its analysis.
Risk factors of NSAID‐exacerbated respiratory disease: A population‐based study
Authors: Helevä Alma , Murtomäki Aada , Huhtala Heini , Bousquet Jean , Luukkainen Annika , Karjalainen Jussi , Lemmetyinen Riikka , Haukka Jari , Torkki Paulus , Nuutinen Mikko , Toppila‐Salmi Sanna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAsthma with NSAID‐exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is associated with uncontrolled or severe asthma. NERD patients are more prone to severe allergic reactions and their asthma exacerbations lead to hospitalisations twice as often compared to patients with non‐NERD‐asthma. NERD patients are prone to recurrent nasal polyposis requiring frequent endoscopic sinus surgeries. However, the early risk factors of NERD are not fully understood. The aim was to identify risk factors of NERD among patients with adult‐onset asthma.MethodsWe used data from 1350 population‐based adult asthmatics with adult‐onset asthma from Finnish national registers. NERD was defined as self‐reported wheeze or other typical respiratory symptoms after ingestion of NSAIDs. Thirty‐six covariates covering several domains (personal characteristics, life‐style, early life factors, asthma characteristics and multimorbidities) were selected based on literature and were studied in association with NERD using logistic regressions.ResultsThe study population included 153 (11.3%) asthmatics with NERD. Thirty‐six covariates were entered in univariate logistic regression analysis, in which 23 were associated with NERD (p < 0.05). These variables were entered in a multivariable logistic regression model in which allergic respiratory symptoms, female sex, osteoarthritis, difficult asthma, nasal polyps, second‐hand smoke exposure at home, having 3 or more older siblings and being overweight were significantly associated with asthma with NERD (p < 0.05). Overweight decreased the risk of NERD, other factors increased it.ConclusionAccording to our study, risk factors of NERD in part are associated with female sex, BMI, exposure to tobacco smoke, allergy, orthopaedic disorders and infection history, and their early recognition might thus be important to manage the burden of NERD.
An In Vitro Model to Assess CRS Potential of CAR T Cells Using a Tumor Cell Line and Autologous Monocytes
Authors: Nouri Yasmin , Weinkove Robert , Perret Rachel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an engineered cell therapy where T cells are isolated and genetically modified to contain a synthetic CAR with specificity to a tumor cell antigen. Upon antigen binding, the CAR T cell will initiate signaling cascades that result in lysis of the associated tumor cell. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the primary toxicity associated with CAR T cell therapy and remains a prominent safety issue with currently available commercial products. CRS is driven by interaction of the CAR T cells with endogenous monocytes and macrophages, which can lead to immune cell overactivation and an increase in certain cytokines to supraphysiological levels. Identifying the potential of any given CAR construct to drive toxicities in vivo should be assessed in preclinical models prior to human trials. While there are in vivo mouse models available for this purpose, these are often complex xenograft models available in few centers. Thus, there is a need to develop an in vitro assay for measuring the CRS potential of CAR T cells. The assay described here is a preclinical tool for assessing the propensity of any given CAR construct to produce potentially CRS‐driving cytokines following tumor cell and monocyte interactions. This article provides a detailed protocol for target cell preparation and isolation of monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) autologous to the CAR T cells, as well as protocols for seeding the three cell types in a co‐culture assay and collecting/analyzing the cytokines produced via an ELISA or multiplex bead array. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of K562 target cellsBasic Protocol 2: Isolation of monocytes from autologous PBMCsBasic Protocol 3: Seeding of CAR T cells, monocytes, and K562 cells in 96‐well platesBasic Protocol 4: Analysis of co‐culture supernatants by single‐cytokine ELISAAlternate Protocol: Analysis of co‐culture supernatants by multiplex cytokine bead array
Oral manifestations of COVID‐19 and its management in pediatric patients: A systematic review and practical guideline
Authors: Nasiri Kamyar , Tehrani Sahar , Mohammadikhah Meysam , Banakar Morteza , Alaeddini Mojgan , Etemad‐Moghadam Shahroo , Fernandes Gustavo V. O. , Heboyan Artak , Imannezhad Shima , Abbasi Farid 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), a respiratory infection that has spread worldwide and is responsible for a high death toll. Although respiratory symptoms are the most common, there is growing evidence that oral signs of COVID‐19 can also be seen in children. The purpose of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the available data on the oral manifestations of COVID‐19 in children and to recommend appropriate methods of diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA systematic search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was done to discover relevant papers published between their establishment and January 2023. Articles detailing oral symptoms in pediatric patients with confirmed COVID‐19 infection were included, and data on clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes were extracted and evaluated.ResultsA total of 24 studies involving 2112 pediatric patients with COVID‐19 were included in the review. The most common presentations are oral lesions, taste and smell disorders, oral candidiasis, hemorrhagic crust, tongue discoloration, lip and tongue fissuring, gingivitis, and salivary gland inflammation. These manifestations were sometimes associated with multi‐system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) or Kawasaki disease (KD). Management strategies varied depending on the severity of the oral manifestation and ranged from symptomatic relief with topical analgesics to systemic medications.ConclusionOral symptoms of COVID‐19 are relatively prevalent in juvenile patients and can be accompanied by severe systemic diseases, such as MIS‐C or Kawasaki illness. Early detection and adequate care of these oral symptoms are critical for the best patient results. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology and developing targeted treatments requires more investigation.
SIRT6 deficiency in endothelial cells exacerbates oxidative stress by enhancing HIF1α accumulation and H3K9 acetylation at the Ero1α promoter
Authors: Guo Zhenyang , Yu Xueting , Zhao Shuang , Zhong Xin , Huang Dong , Feng Runyang , Li Peng , Fang Zheyan , Hu Yiqing , Zhang Zhentao , Abdurahman Mukaddas , Huang Lei , Zhao Yun , Wang Xiangdong , Ge Junbo , Li Hua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundSIRT6, an important NAD+‐dependent protein, protects endothelial cells from inflammatory and oxidative stress injuries. However, the role of SIRT6 in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) under ischemia‒reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unclear.MethodsThe HUVECs model of oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) was established to simulate the endothelial IRI in vitro. Endoplasmic reticulum oxidase 1 alpha (Ero1α) mRNA and protein levels in SIRT6‐overexpressing or SIRT6‐knockdown cells were measured by qPCR and Western blotting. The levels of H2O2 and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected to evaluate the status of oxidative stress. The effects of SIRT6 deficiency and Ero1α knockdown on cellular endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), inflammation, apoptosis and barrier function were detected by a series of molecular biological experiments and functional experiments in vitro. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, qPCR, and site‐specific mutation experiments were used to examine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, endothelial cell‐specific Sirt6 knockout (ecSirt6−/−) mice were subjected to cardiac ischemia‒reperfusion surgery to investigate the effects of SIRT6 in CMECs in vivo.ResultsThe expression of Ero1α was significantly upregulated in SIRT6‐knockdown endothelial cells, and high Ero1α expression correlated with the accumulation of H2O2 and mitochondrial ROS. In addition, SIRT6 deficiency increased ERS, inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial permeability, and these effects could be significantly attenuated by Ero1α knockdown. The deacetylase catalytic activity of SIRT6 was important in regulating Ero1α expression and these biological processes. Mechanistically, SIRT6 inhibited the enrichment of HIF1α and p300 at the Ero1α promoter through deacetylating H3K9, thereby antagonizing HIF1α/p300‐mediated Ero1α expression. Compared with SIRT6‐wild‐type (SIRT6‐WT) cells, cells expressing the SIRT6‐H133Y‐mutant and SIRT6‐R65A‐mutant exhibited increased Ero1α expression. Furthermore, ecSirt6−/− mice subjected to ischemia‒reperfusion surgery exhibited increased Ero1α expression and ERS in CMECs and worsened injuries to microvascular barrier function and cardiac function.ConclusionsOur results revealed an epigenetic mechanism associated with SIRT6 and Ero1α expression and highlighted the therapeutic potential of targeting the SIRT6‐HIF1α/p300‐Ero1α axis.
Novel phenotypical and functional sub‐classification of liver macrophages highlights changes in population dynamics in experimental mouse models
Authors: Nakashima Hiroyuki , Kearney Bradley M. , Kato Azusa , Miyazaki Hiromi , Ito Seigo , Nakashima Masahiro , Kinoshita Manabu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLiver macrophages are critical components of systemic immune system defense mechanisms. F4/80high Kupffer cells (KCs) are the predominant liver‐resident macrophages and the first immune cells to contact pathogens entering the liver. F4/80low monocyte‐derived macrophages (MoMφs) are essential macrophages that modulate liver immune functions. Here we report a novel method of identifying subpopulations of these two populations using traditional flow cytometry and examine each subpopulation for its putative roles in the pathogenesis of an experimental non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis model. Using male C57BL/6 mice, we isolated and analyzed liver non‐parenchymal cells by flow cytometry. We identified F4/80high and F4/80low macrophage populations and characterized subpopulations using uniform manifold approximation and projection. We identified three subpopulations in F4/80high macrophages: CD163(+) KCs, CD163(−) KCs, and liver capsular macrophages. CD163(+) KCs had higher phagocytic and bactericidal activities and more complex cellular structures than CD163(−) KCs. We also identified four subpopulations of F4/80low MoMφs based on Ly6C and MHC class II expression: infiltrating monocytes, pro‐inflammatory MoMφs, Ly6C(−) monocytes, and conventional dendritic cells. CCR2 knock‐out mice expressed lower levels of these monocyte‐derived cells, and the count varied by subpopulation. In high‐fat‐ and cholesterol‐diet‐fed mice, only one subpopulation, pro‐inflammatory MoMφs, significantly increased in count. This indicates that changes to this subpopulation is the first step in the progression to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis. The community can use our novel subpopulation and gating strategy to better understand complex immunological mechanisms in various liver disorders through detailed analysis of these subpopulations.
Effects of season of fire on bee‐flower interaction diversity in a fire‐maintained pine savanna
Authors: Ulyshen Michael , Robertson Kevin , Horn Scott , Dixon Cinnamon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhereas the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States historically experienced fire primarily during the mid‐summer lightning season, managers today typically apply prescribed fire during the late winter or early spring months. The ecological implications of this discrepancy remain poorly understood, especially with regard to pollinators and their interactions with flowers. In a replicated field experiment, we compared the abundance and richness of bees and bee–flower interactions among pine savanna plots in Florida that were burned either during the winter, spring, summer, or fall. We netted 92 bee species from 77 species of flowers, representing 435 unique bee–flower interactions in total. When analyzing the results from each month separately, we detected significant short‐term reductions in the number of bees and bee–flower interactions following fires regardless of season. Although bee abundance and richness did not differ over the entire season, bee–flower interaction richness was significantly higher overall in spring and summer plots than in fall plots and the composition of both bees and bee–flower interactions differed significantly among treatments. Several bee–flower interactions were significantly associated with one or more of the treatments. Some of these associations could be attributed to differences in flowering phenology among treatments. Taken together, our findings suggest that season of fire has modest but potentially important implications for interactions between bees and flowers in southeastern pine ecosystems. Because most flowering plants within our study region are pollinated by a variety of bees and other insects, and most bees endemic to the region are polylectic, season of fire may not be very important to either group overall. However, the timing of fire may be more important to particular species including certain flower specialists and fire‐sensitive taxa such as butterflies. Future research targeting such species would be of interest.
Hydrogen‐rich saline alleviates cardiomyocyte apoptosis by reducing expression of calpain1 via miR‐124‐3p
Authors: Xue Xiaofei , Xi Wang , Li Wei , Xiao Jian , Wang Zhinong , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsMolecular hydrogen has been exhibited a protective function in heart diseases. Our previous study demonstrated that hydrogen‐rich saline (HRS) could scavenge free radicals selectively and alleviate the inflammatory response in the myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully clarified.Methods and resultsAdult (10 weeks) C57BL/6 male mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were used to establish I/R and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury models. I/R and H/R models were treated with HRS to classify the mechanisms of cardioproctective function. In this study, we found that miR‐124‐3p was significantly decreased in both I/R and H/R models, while it was partially ameliorated by HRS pretreatment. HRS treatment also alleviated ischaemia‐induced apoptotic cell death and increased cell viability during I/R process, whereas silencing expression of miR‐124‐3p abolished this protective effect. In addition, we identified calpain1 as a direct target of miR‐124‐3p, and up‐regulation of miR‐124‐3 produced both activity and expression of calpain1. It was also found that compared with the HRS group, overexpression of calpain1 increased caspase‐3 activities, promoted cleaved‐caspase3 and Bax protein expressions, and correspondingly decreased Bcl‐2, further reducing cell viability. These results illustrated that calpain1 overexpression attenuated protective effect of HRS on cardiomyocytes in H/R model.ConclusionsThe present study showed a protective effect of HRS on I/R injury, which may be associated with miR‐124‐3p–calpain1 signalling pathway.