bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2 pyrolysis and gasification of COVID‐19 based wastes (overall gown) with Indian high ash coal
Authors: Sahu Pradeep , Vairakannu Prabu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID virus resulted not only in massive human deaths but also created huge waste disposal issues. Proper disposal of COVID waste is necessary. The conversion of these wastes into value‐added products such as syngas is beneficial to overcome energy scarcity issues. The Indian high ash coal (HAC) is nonreactive, and the co‐utilisation of HAC with these plastic wastes is advantageous to produce high‐quality syngas. In the present study, thermal treatment of overall gowns (OG) used during COVID by pyrolysis and gasification process was carried out under inert and reactive conditions with and without HAC at various operating temperatures. During pyrolysis, oil with a yield of 17% was produced under N2 conditions at 900°C, whereas a reduced oxygen content in the oil was observed (absence of C–O) under CO2 conditions. The co‐gasification of OG with high ash coal in the fuel mixture resulted in the heating value of syngas as high as 8.56 MJ nm−3. The calorific value of the syngas increases by 51.8% when OG content in the fuel mixture is increased to 20% because hydrocarbon content in syngas increases by 8.73 times. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that by adding OG, gasification initiated 35°C earlier as compared to HAC. The solid residue obtained by co‐gasification contains calcium in the form of CaO and CaCO3 due to COVID‐19 waste. The global warming potential of the syngas generated is reduced by 32% with the addition of OG to 20%.
Patterns and impacts of cyanobacteria in a deep, thermally stratified, oligotrophic lake
Authors: Prestigiacomo Anthony R. , Gorney Rebecca M. , Hyde James B. , Davis Courtney , Clinkhammer Aimee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCyanobacterial blooms are a concern in oligotrophic lakes because these systems are often used for multiple purposes (i.e., recreation and public water supplies). Monitoring cyanobacteria impacts is challenging in such cases because of low and heterogeneous concentrations over time, space, and depth. Canandaigua Lake (New York State) is oligotrophic, but has been impacted by blooms since at least the early 2000s, with limited quantification. This study integrated data from established shoreline surveillance and inter‐agency monitoring programs to connect lake processes and evaluate use impacts. Surveys at open‐water locations were conducted to investigate the origination, timing, and magnitude of cyanobacterial bloom development. Impacts on recreation and source water were caused by blooms originating in the epilimnion that moved to shorelines and intake depths. The integration of multiple monitoring programs was critical to understanding impacts. The methods developed here can be adopted to other cases of large, deep, low‐nutrient lakes.
Isolation of extracellular vesicles from human plasma samples: The importance of controls
Authors: Tsamchoe Migmar , Petrillo Stephanie , Lazaris Anthoula , Metrakos Peter 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundExtracellular vesicles (EV) are enriched with proteins and RNA cargo, promoting cell‐to‐cell communication. Biofluid derived EV cargo is used for discovering disease specific markers for diagnosis and disease monitoring.RationalBlood is a complex fluid with an abundance of protiens and thus isolation of EVs is challenging. Therefore, methods for EV isolation, including commercial kits use thromboplastin D (TP‐D) for pretreatment of plasma to increase EV purity and yield. This pretreatment can introduce contaminants.Method and ResultsWe performed a comparative study to evaluate the effect of EV isolation methods focusing on (a) pretreatment of plasma with additives, which include: rabbit TP (rTP) versus human recombinant thromboplastin (huTP), to increase purity and yield (b) an additional centrifugation step prior to freezing plasma and (c) comparison of frozen versus fresh plasma EV isolations. Pretreatment with rTP generated a dynamic range of proteins, however, most of these proteins were contaminants, introduced from the rTP (99.1% purity). As an alternative, huTP was used, which did not introduce any significant contaminants, however, this did not increase yield or purity. Additionally, an extra 10,000 g centrifugation did not improve either EV yield or purity. Finally, comparison of fresh or frozen plasma showed no significant difference, an important factor when sourcing plasma from biobanks.ConclusionAppropriate controlsare required when adding any additives during EV isolation as even a small percentage of contaminants can have a major effect on results. Furthermore, biobanked plasma can be used with no major changes to processing.
Kinetics of diffusion‐influenced multisite phosphorylation with enzyme reactivation
Authors: Gopich Irina V. , Szabo Attila 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe simplest way to account for the influence of diffusion on the kinetics of multisite phosphorylation is to modify the rate constants in the conventional rate equations of chemical kinetics. We have previously shown that this is not enough and new transitions between the reactants must also be introduced. Here we extend our results by considering enzymes that are inactive after modifying the substrate and need time to become active again. This generalization leads to a surprising result. The introduction of enzyme reactivation results in a diffusion‐modified kinetic scheme with a new transition that has a negative rate constant. The reason for this is that mapping non‐Markovian rate equations onto Markovian ones with time‐independent rate constants is not a good approximation at short times. We then developed a non‐Markovian theory that involves memory kernels instead of rate constants. This theory is now valid at short times, but is more challenging to use. As an example, the diffusion‐modified kinetic scheme with new connections was used to calculate kinetics of double phosphorylation and steady‐state response in a phosphorylation‐dephosphorylation cycle. We have reproduced the loss of bistability in the phosphorylation‐dephosphorylation cycle when the enzyme reactivation time decreases, which was obtained by particle‐based computer simulations.
Study on the opening effect of eucalyptol on the blood–brain barrier and its brain pharmacokinetics
Authors: Dao Ligema , Jiang Li , Chen Yuanyuan , Ayisa  , Sa Chula 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEucalyptol, a natural epoxide monoterpene, was found in rat brain tissue after oral administration in our previous study, suggesting that the compound may possess the ability to pass the blood–brain barrier (BBB). However, a few studies have demonstrated that eucalyptol does penetrate the BBB. The aims of this study were to determine the opening effect of eucalyptol on the BBB in rats, to establish and validate a method for the determination of eucalyptol in brain tissue, and to reveal its brain pharmacokinetic characteristics. The opening effect of BBB was assessed by dye extravasation and ultrastructural alterations, and the quantitative method of eucalyptol in rat brain tissue was established and confirmed. For pharmacokinetic research, rat brain samples were taken at 0.05, 0.167, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 h after administration. There was a significantly higher extravasation of Evans blue from the brain parenchyma of rats in the medium‐dose eucalyptol group (P < 0.01), which was associated with the BBB's altered ultrastructure. It is suggested that eucalyptol increased the permeability of the BBB. After oral administration, eucalyptol was quickly absorbed by the brain. This study provides valuable information on eucalyptol use to treat illnesses of the central nervous system.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms and elevated plasma homocysteine levels in small vessel disease
Authors: Chen Lei , Wu Chunhua , Dong Zhaoying , Cao Shanshan , Ren Ning , Yan Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionDespite its public health importance, the causes of small vessel disease (SVD) are not fully understood. The presence of SVD in monogenic twins indicates the involvement of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of this disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms with SVD risk.MethodsPatients with SVD and matched controls were recruited from Tianjin Union Medical Center and Tianjin Huanhu Hospital. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and folate levels were measured, and MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T) and rs1801131 (A1298C) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped. We analyzed potential associations among SVD and MTHFR polymorphisms, tHcy, and folate levels.ResultsPatients with SVD displayed significantly decreased plasma folate levels (Z = –3.537, p < .001) and increased tHcy levels (Z = 4.910, p < .001) compared with controls. Significantly different plasma tHcy levels were associated with rs1801133 (χ2 = 6.664, p = .036), and post hoc analysis indicated higher plasma tHcy levels in individuals carrying the TT allele compared with levels in those carrying the TC allele (Z = 2.478, p = .013). No significant differences in tHcy levels were observed for rs1801131 alleles. The genotype and allele frequencies of rs1801133 were different between SVD and control groups (χ2 = 9.378, p = .009). There was no significant difference in distributions of rs1801131 genotypes between the two groups, and multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that rs1801131 and rs1801133 were not significantly associated with the risk of SVD.ConclusionsOur study indicates that an elevated plasma tHcy level is independently associated with the development of SVD. Although MTHFR rs1801133 is linked to increased plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels, it is not a risk factor for SVD. rs1801131 is not related to Hcy levels or SVD risk.
[3+2] Cycloaddition Synthesis of New Piperazine‐Linked Bis(chromene) Hybrids Possessing Pyrazole Units as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Mekky Ahmed E. M. , Sanad Sherif M. H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTwo series of piperazine‐linked bis(chromene) hybrids that are attached to pyrazole units were synthesized in the current study. Both series are attached to an acyl unit at pyrazole‐C3, with one series attached to an acetyl unit and the other to an ethoxycarbonyl unit. A [3+2] cycloaddition protocol was conducted to produce the target hybrids with good yields by reacting the appropriate hydrazonoyl chlorides with chromene‐based bis(enaminone) in dioxane containing triethylamine at reflux for 4 h. New hybrids were tested for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity at concentrations of 15 and 25 μM, as well as their ability to quench 2,2‐diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. In general, the inhibitory activity is related to the electronic properties of the para‐substituent that is attached to the arene unit at pyrazole‐N1. Furthermore, the acyl unit attached to pyrazole‐C3 has a significant effect on the new hybrids′ inhibitory activity. At the previous concentrations, the (3‐acetylpyrazole)‐linked hybrid attached to p‐NO2 units demonstrated the best acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, with inhibition percentages of 79.7 and 90.2. Furthermore, the previous hybrid demonstrated the most effective DPPH inhibitory activity, with an inhibition percentage of 87.5.
Code‐switching 101: Black women counselor educators’ personal and professional identity development
Authors: Crumb Loni , Cartwright Angie D. , Hammonds Dominique S. , Harris Janeé Avent 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe perceptions of personal and professional identity development from four Black women counselor educators were examined through a collaborative autoethnography methodology. Themes identified include (a) intentionality of code‐switching, (b) inextricable identities, (c) fight for and with authenticity, and (d) mutual development of personal and professional identities.
Gold Nanoparticles‐Titania Heterojunction: Photoelectrochemical Detection of Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Fumagalli Daniele , Comis Silvia , Pifferi Valentina , Falciola Luigi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover is the group of Electroanalytical Chemistry of Prof. Luigi Falciola. The Cover Feature shows the photoelectrochemical sensor prepared by covering AuNPs with a thin layer of TiO2. The obtained hybrid material, which exploits synergistically the properties of its components, was used to monitor ciprofloxacin, exhibiting a response only once irradiated. Good performances were obtained using a low‐power LED. Such discovery may pave the way for future in situ applications in environmental monitoring. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202201136.
Antimony Oxides‐Based Anode Materials for Alkali Metal‐Ion Storage
Authors: Zhou Xiaozhong , Deng Hongling , Wang Aixia , Song Jinxu , Lei Ziqiang , Xu Yuxi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the increasing demand for renewable energy, alkali metal‐ion (lithium/sodium/potassium‐ion) batteries play more and more important roles in the field of static storage and electrical vehicle industry. Novel anode materials with high reversible capacity, safety and long‐term cycling stability are desiderated to meet the ever‐growing demand for alkali metal‐ion batteries with high electrochemical performance. Antimony oxides (SbxOy) show electrochemical reaction activity with all of lithium, sodium and potassium, and are expected to be promising anode materials for alkali metal‐ion storage due to their high theoretical capacities, appropriate operating potential and excellent safety properties. This review is devoted to overview the research progress on reaction mechanism and improvements in electrochemical performance of antimony oxides for alkali metal‐ion storage, and look forward to their further prospects.
Oxidized Bridged Carbenoids as Viable Intermediates in a Fe(III) Catalyzed C−H Insertion Reaction
Authors: Balhara Reena , Das Mayurika , Jindal Garima 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFe catalyzed carbene insertion reactions present an efficient route for direct C−H functionalization. The use of Fe(III) in place of the widely used Fe(II) presents several benefits. However, the mechanistic understanding of Fe(III) severely lags behind Fe(II) complexes. One of the major unsolved issues relates to the formation of bridged versus terminal metallocarbenes. Even though the oxidized bridged carbenoid complexes have been isolated and found to be thermodynamically more stable, they are generally considered a dead end for the catalytic cycle. In the current report, the formation and the subsequent reactions of the bridged carbenoid complexes for an Fe(TPP)Cl catalyzed C(sp2)−H insertion are investigated. Using DFT calculations, it is observed that both mono and bis oxidized bridged carbenoid complexes can participate in the catalytic cycle. Importantly, for the first time, a mechanistic pathway showing that these bridged species are not a dead end in Fe catalysis is presented. Their existence in other reactions might be more prevalent than what is currently believed. The current study will have important implications in utilizing Fe(III) complexes for other insertion reactions, especially for heme containing enzymes which necessarily need to be carried out under anaerobic/reducing conditions.
π‐Extension of the Tribenzotriquinacene Framework: Efficient Vinylene and Arylene Bay Bridging Based on a New C3‐Symmetric Key Derivative
Authors: Wang Huai‐Zhen , Hung Tsz‐Yu , Ip Ho‐Wang , Lee Man‐Kit , Sun Xiao‐Qing , Kuck Dietmar , Chow Hak‐Fun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract1,5,9‐Tribromo‐2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexamethoxy‐4b1‐methyltribenzotriquinacene, a C3‐symmetric TBTQ derivative, can be prepared conveniently and with high regioselectivity from readily available starting materials. It is a versatile key compound for the synthesis of other chiral 1,5,9‐trifunctionalized TBTQ derivatives and π‐extended congeners in which the bays of the TBTQ skeleton are bridged by vinylene and 1,2‐arylene units. X‐ray crystal structure analysis and UV‐vis spectroscopy show that vinylene bay‐bridging enables better π‐conjugation with the arene rings of the TBTQ core than 1,2‐arylene bay‐bridging does.
Optimization of a Class of Dihydrobenzofurane Analogs toward Orally Efficacious YAP‐TEAD Protein‐Protein Interaction Inhibitors
Authors: Sellner Holger , Chapeau Emilie , Furet Pascal , Voegtle Markus , Salem Bahaa , Le Douget Mickaël , Bordas Vincent , Groell Jean‐Marc , Le Goff Anne‐Laure , Rouzet Christine , Wietlisbach Thomas , Zimmermann Thomas , McKenna Joseph , Brocklehurst Cara E. , Chène Patrick , Wartmann Markus , Scheufler Clemens , Kallen Joerg , Williams Gareth , Harlfinger Stephanie , Traebert Martin , Dumotier Bérengère M. , Schmelzle Tobias , Soldermann Nicolas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe inhibition of the YAP‐TEAD protein‐protein interaction constitutes a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancers linked to the dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway. The identification of a class of small molecules which potently inhibit the YAP‐TEAD interaction by binding tightly to the Ω‐loop pocket of TEAD has previously been communicated. This report details the further multi‐parameter optimization of this class of compounds resulting in advanced analogs combining nanomolar cellular potency with a balanced ADME and off‐target profile, and efficacy of these compounds in tumor bearing mice is demonstrated for the first time.
Geographic diffusion of digital mammography in the United States
Authors: Wiese Daniel , Stroup Antoinette M. , Islami Farhad , Mattes Molly , Baylor Emma , Boscoe Francis P. , Henry Kevin A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundExamining temporal and spatial diffusion of a new technology, such as digital mammography, can provide important insights into potential disparities associated with access to new medical technologies and how quickly these technologies are adopted. Although digital mammography is currently a standard technology in the United States for breast cancer screening, its adoption and geographic diffusion, as medical facilities transitioned from film to digital units, has not been explored well.MethodsThis study evaluated the geographic diffusion of digital mammography facilities from 2001 to 2014 in the contiguous United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) and estimated the geographic accessibility to this new technology for women aged ≥45 years at the census tract level within a 20‐minute drivetime by population density, rural/urban residence, and race/ethnicity. The number of mammography units by technology type (film or digital) and density per 10,000 women were also summarized.ResultsThe adoption of digital mammography advanced first in densely populated regions and last in remote rural areas. Overall, proportion of digital mammography units increased from 1.4% in 2001 to 94.6% in 2014, but since 2008, there was a decline in density of units from 2.31 per 10,000 women aged ≥45 years to 1.97 in 2014. In 2014, approximately 87% of women aged ≥45 years in the contiguous United States had accessibility to digital mammography, but this proportion was substantially lower for Native American women (67%) and rural residents (32%).ConclusionUnderstanding the diffusion of and accessibility to digital mammography may help predict future medical technology diffusion and assess its role in geographic differences in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
The influence of maxillary incisor angles on the stress distributions of temporomandibular joints under incisal biting
Authors: Li Annan , Shao Bingmei , Chong Desmond Y. R. , Liu Zhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe incisal biting was one of the most regular jaw activities. The direction of bite force on the incisor tip and the mandible position were relevant to the incisor angle as biting. This study was carried out to explore the influence on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) caused by the incisor angle.MethodsTwenty individuals belonging to three incisor subtypes of the buccal type were recruited. In addition, the 3D models including the maxillary, mandible and discs were established based on their cone‐beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scannings. Then, the mandibular ligaments and the discal attachments were simulated in the finite element models to analyze the stress distributions of the TMJs under incisal biting.ResultsThe TMJ stresses of subtype I showed normal range and distribution. The stresses of the intermediate temporal bone tended to increase in subtype II. The intermediate and posterior bands of the discs sustained greater tensile stresses in subtype III.ConclusionsAbnormal stress distributions are harmful to TMJs, so the incisor cusp was not suggested to incline to the palatal side too much.
Therapeutic potential of tumor treating fields for malignant brain tumors
Authors: Zhou Youyou , Xing Xiaoqing , Zhou Jinyun , Jiang Han , Cen Peili , Jin Chentao , Zhong Yan , Zhou Rui , Wang Jing , Tian Mei , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalignant brain tumors are among the most threatening diseases of the central nervous system, and despite increasingly updated treatments, the prognosis has not been improved. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are an emerging approach in cancer treatment using intermediate‐frequency and low‐intensity electric field and can lead to the development of novel therapeutic options.Recent FindingsA series of biological processes induced by TTFields to exert anti‐cancer effects have been identified. Recent studies have shown that TTFields can alter the bioelectrical state of macromolecules and organelles involved in cancer biology. Massive alterations in cancer cell proteomics and transcriptomics caused by TTFields were related to cell biological processes as well as multiple organelle structures and activities. This review addresses the mechanisms of TTFields and recent advances in the application of TTFields therapy in malignant brain tumors, especially in glioblastoma (GBM).ConclusionsAs a novel therapeutic strategy, TTFields have shown promising results in many clinical trials, especially in GBM, and continue to evolve. A growing number of patients with malignant brain tumors are being enrolled in ongoing clinical studies demonstrating that TTFields‐based combination therapies can improve treatment outcomes.