bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Web-Based Conversations Regarding Fathers Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Bouchacourt Lindsay , Henson-García Mike , Sussman Kristen Leah , Mandell Dorothy , Wilcox Gary , Mackert Michael 
Published: February 2023

Background
Studies of new and expecting parents largely focus on the mother, leaving a gap in knowledge about fathers.

Objective
This study aimed to understand web-based conversations regarding new and expecting fathers on social media and to explore whether the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the web-based conversation.

Methods
A social media analysis was conducted. Brandwatch (Cision) captured social posts related to new and expecting fathers between February 1, 2019, and February 12, 2021. Overall, 2 periods were studied: 1 year before and 1 year during the pandemic. SAS Text Miner analyzed the data and produced 47% (9/19) of the topics in the first period and 53% (10/19) of the topics in the second period. The 19 topics were organized into 6 broad themes.

Results
Overall, 26% (5/19) of the topics obtained during each period were the same, showing consistency in conversation. In total, 6 broad themes were created: fatherhood thoughts, fatherhood celebrations, advice seeking, fatherhood announcements, external parties targeting fathers, and miscellaneous.

Conclusions
Fathers use social media to make announcements, celebrate fatherhood, seek advice, and interact with other fathers. Others used social media to advertise baby products and promote baby-related resources for fathers. Overall, the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to have little impact on the excitement and resiliency of new fathers as they transition to parenthood. Altogether, these findings provide insight and guidance on the ways in which public health professionals can rapidly gather information about special populations—such as new and expecting fathers via the web—to monitor their beliefs, attitudes, emotional reactions, and unique lived experiences in context (ie, throughout a global pandemic).
Analisis Usability Aplikasi Mobile MyUMM Student Dengan Menggunakan Metode USE Questionnaire
Authors: Anhar Anhar , Suharso Wildan , Rahmayanti Vinna 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat usability Aplikasi MyUMM menggunakan metode USE Questionnaire. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasi. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Tehnik,Jurusan Informatika Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang dengan jumlah 203 mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknk simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner online dan offline. Uji validitas per butir soal kuesioner dihitung dengan rumus product moment pearson correlation dan uji reliabilitas menggunakan Croanbach Alpha. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji asumsi klasik dan regresi linear berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan semua variabel X terhadap Y yang dilakukan secara simultan. Sedangkan pengujian yang dilakukan secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel x berpengaruh terhadap variabel Y.
Plasma Lipidomic n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the EPIC-Potsdam Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Prada Marcela , Eichelmann Fabian , Wittenbecher Clemens , Kuxhaus Olga , Schulze Matthias B. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVEEvidence on plasma n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and type 2 diabetes risk is inconsistent. We examined the associations of lipid class–specific PUFA concentrations with type 2 diabetes risk.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSIn the prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort (nested case-cohort study: subcohort 1,084 participants, 536 participants with type 2 diabetes, median follow-up 6.5 years), we measured plasma 18:2, 20:3, and 20:4 concentrations in 12 lipid (sub)classes, likely reflecting the plasma concentrations of linoleic acid (18:2n-6), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3n-6), and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). The Δ-5 desaturase (D5D) activity was estimated as the 20:4/20:3 ratio. Associations with diabetes were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTSHigher concentrations of 18:2 were inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk, particularly in lysophosphatidylcholines (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 SD 0.53; 95% CI 0.23–1.26) and monoacylglycerols (HR 0.59; 0.38–0.92). Higher concentrations of 20:3 in phospholipid classes phosphatidylcholines (HR 1.63; 1.23–2.14), phosphatidylethanolamines (HR 1.87; 1.32–2.65), and phosphatidylinositol (HR 1.40; 1.05–1.87); free fatty acids (HR 1.44; 1.10–1.90); and cholesteryl esters (HR 1.47; 1.09–1.98) were linked to higher type 2 diabetes incidence, and these associations remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. Higher 20:4 concentrations were not associated with risk. The estimated D5D activity in phospholipids and cholesteryl esters was associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the D5D-encoding FADS genes explained relatively high proportions of variation of estimated D5D activity in those lipid classes.CONCLUSIONSPlasma n-6 PUFAs were associated differently with type 2 diabetes, depending on fatty acid and the lipid class.
Association and Interaction of Genetics and Area-Level Socioeconomic Factors on the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Cromer Sara J. , Lakhani Chirag M. , Mercader Josep M. , Majarian Timothy D. , Schroeder Philip , Cole Joanne B. , Florez Jose C. , Patel Chirag J. , Manning Alisa K. , Burnett-Bowie Sherri-Ann M. , Merino Jordi , Udler Miriam S. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
Quantify the impact of genetic and socioeconomic factors on risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Among participants in the Mass General Brigham Biobank (MGBB) and UK Biobank (UKB), we used logistic regression models to calculate cross-sectional odds of T2D and obesity using 1) polygenic risk scores for T2D and BMI and 2) area-level socioeconomic risk (educational attainment) measures. The primary analysis included 26,737 participants of European genetic ancestry in MGBB with replication in UKB (N = 223,843), as well as in participants of non-European ancestry (MGBB N = 3,468; UKB N = 7,459).

RESULTS
The area-level socioeconomic measure most strongly associated with both T2D and obesity was percent without a college degree, and associations with disease prevalence were independent of genetic risk (P &lt; 0.001 for each). Moving from lowest to highest quintiles of combined genetic and socioeconomic burden more than tripled T2D (3.1% to 22.2%) and obesity (20.9% to 69.0%) prevalence. Favorable socioeconomic risk was associated with lower disease prevalence, even in those with highest genetic risk (T2D 13.0% vs. 22.2%, obesity 53.6% vs. 69.0% in lowest vs. highest socioeconomic risk quintiles). Additive effects of genetic and socioeconomic factors accounted for 13.2% and 16.7% of T2D and obesity prevalence, respectively, explained by these models. Findings were replicated in independent European and non-European ancestral populations.

CONCLUSIONS
Genetic and socioeconomic factors significantly interact to increase risk of T2D and obesity. Favorable area-level socioeconomic status was associated with an almost 50% lower T2D prevalence in those with high genetic risk.
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Scores and Mortality Among Adults With Incident Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hu Yang , Liu Gang , Yu Edward , Wang Biqi , Wittenbecher Clemens , Manson JoAnn E. , Rimm Eric B. , Liang Liming , Rexrode Kathryn , Willett Walter C. , Hu Frank B. , Sun Qi 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVEThe current study aims to prospectively examine the association between postdiagnosis low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) patterns and mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAmong participants with incident diabetes identified in the Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, an overall total LCD score (TLCDS) was calculated based on the percentage of energy as total carbohydrates. In addition, vegetable (VLCDS), animal (ALCDS), healthy (HLCDS), and unhealthy (ULCDS) LCDS were further derived that emphasized different sources and quality of macronutrients. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to assess the association between the LCDS and mortality.RESULTSAmong 10,101 incident T2D cases contributing 139,407 person-years during follow-up, we documented 4,595 deaths of which 1,389 cases were attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 881 to cancer. The pooled multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs, 95% CIs) of total mortality per 10-point increment of postdiagnosis LCDS were 0.87 (0.82, 0.92) for TLCDS, 0.76 (0.71, 0.82) for VLCDS, and 0.78 (0.73, 0.84) for HLCDS. Both VLCDS and HLCDS were also associated with significantly lower CVD and cancer mortality. Each 10-point increase of TLCDS, VLCDS, and HLCDS from prediagnosis to postdiagnosis period was associated with 12% (7%, 17%), 25% (19%, 30%), and 25% (19%, 30%) lower total mortality, respectively. No significant associations were observed for ALCDS and ULCDS.CONCLUSIONSAmong people with T2D, greater adherence to LCD patterns that emphasize high-quality sources of macronutrients was significantly associated with lower total, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.
Association and Interaction of Genetics and Area-level Socioeconomic Factors on the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Cromer Sara J. , Lakhani Chirag M. , Mercader Josep , Majarian Timothy D. , Schroeder Philipp , Cole Joanne B. , Florez Jose C. , Patel Chirag J. , Manning Alisa , Burnett-Bowie Sherri-Ann M. , Merino Jordi , Udler Miriam S. 
Published: February 2023

<p> </p>
<p>Objective: Quantify the impact of genetic and socioeconomic factors on risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.</p>
<p>Research Design and Methods: Among participants in the Mass General Brigham Biobank (MGBB) and UK Biobank (UKB), we used logistic regression models to calculate cross-sectional odds of T2D and obesity using 1) polygenic risk scores for T2D and body mass index (BMI) and 2) area-level socioeconomic risk (educational attainment) measures. The primary analysis included 26,737 participants of European genetic ancestry in MGBB with replication in UKB (N=223,843), as well as in participants of non-European ancestry (MGBB N=3,468; UKB N=7,459).</p>
<p>Results: The area-level socioeconomic measure most strongly associated with both T2D and obesity was percent without a college degree, and associations with disease prevalence were independent of genetic risk (P<0.001 for each). Moving from lowest to highest quintiles of combined genetic and socioeconomic burden more than tripled T2D (3.1% to 22.2%) and obesity (20.9% to 69.0%) prevalence. Favorable socioeconomic risk was associated with lower disease prevalence, even in those with highest genetic risk (T2D 13.0% vs. 22.2%, obesity 53.6% vs. 69.0% in lowest vs. highest socioeconomic risk quintiles). Additive effects of genetic and socioeconomic factors accounted for 13.2% and 16.7% of T2D and obesity prevalence explained by these models, respectively. Findings were replicated in independent European and non-European ancestral populations. </p>
<p>Conclusions: Genetic and socioeconomic factors significantly interact to increase risk of T2D and obesity. Favorable area-level socioeconomic status was associated with an almost 50% lower T2D prevalence in those with high genetic risk.</p>
Proinsulin-to-C-peptide ratio as a marker of beta-cell function in African American and European American adults
Authors: Couch Catharine A. , Piccinini Francesca , Fowler Lauren A. , Garvey W. Timothy , Gower Barbara A. 
Published: February 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong>: The primary purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the proinsulin-to-C-peptide ratio (PI:CP), as an index of proinsulin secretion, would be higher and associated with indices of beta-cell function in African American adults relative to European American adults without type 2 diabetes. </p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong>: Participants were 114 African American and European American adult men and women. A 2-h OGTT was conducted to measure glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and proinsulin, and derive indices of beta-cell response to glucose. The Matsuda index was calculated as a measure of insulin sensitivity. The disposition index (DI, the product of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell response) was calculated for each phase of beta-cell responsivity. Pearson correlations were used to investigate the relationship of PI:CP with each phase of beta-cell response (Φb, Φd, Φs, Φtot), disposition indices (DId, DIs, DItot), and insulin sensitivity. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate independent contributions of race, BMI, and glucose tolerance status on PI:CP levels, before and after adjustment for insulin sensitivity. </p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>African American participants had higher fasting and 2-h PI:CP. Fasting PI:CP was positively associated with Φb, and fasting PI:CP and 2-h PI:CP were inversely associated with DId and insulin sensitivity only in African American participants. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PI:CP could be useful in identifying African American individuals at highest risk for beta-cell dysfunction and ultimately type 2 diabetes. </p>
A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day
Authors: Espen Søbye  
Published: February 2023

...I løpet av en 10 års tid vil Indias befolkning være større enn Kinas, og i 2050 vil landet ha nesten 300 millioner flere innbyggere enn Kina, ifølge FNs siste befolkningsframskriving. [...] Hvordan har befolkningsutviklingen i India vært, og hvordan kan den forstås, og vil den følge de trekkene som har kjennetegnet befolkningsutviklingen i Europa og Kina?
Topical permethrin may increase blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) repellency but is associated with cutaneous irritation in horses
Authors: Poh Karen C. , Cole Zoey T. , Smarsh Danielle N. , Springer Hayley R. , Kelly Kathleen , Kenny Laura B. , Machtinger Erika T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety of repeated applications of permethrin concentrations (0% control, 1.5%, 5%, and 10%) to the necks and faces of horses and assess the efficacy and longevity of permethrin as an equine tick repellent.

ANIMALS
5 healthy adult Quarter Horses.

PROCEDURES
Each treatment was applied to the neck of each horse (0.01 m2) 4 times a day, for up to 10 days. An 8-mm biopsy was taken to evaluate postexposure dermal responses. Any treatments that were not withdrawn were applied to a quadrant of the horse’s face 4 times a day, for up to 5 days. For tick bioassays, a treatment was applied to 1 leg of a horse and 5 female blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) were evaluated as “repelled” or “not repelled” by the treatment. The bioassays were repeated up to 5 days, but treatment application took place only on the first day of the experiment.

RESULTS
Histological results of neck biopsies indicated that more repeated exposures or higher concentrations resulted in more dermal damage. Tick bioassays showed that 5% and 10% permethrin had the greatest efficacy and longevity as a tick repellent, but the differences in tick repellency were not significant overall.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
While there was a nonsignificant trend of higher permethrin concentrations repelling more ticks with longer-lasting residual repellent effects, higher concentrations also produced greater skin damage after repeated exposures. These opposing findings emphasize the need for better tick prevention and control methods that balance safety and efficacy for the equine community.
The Asian and Balkan Background of Draculia’s Wallachian Restoration (1473-1474)
Authors: Pop Ioan Aurel , Simon Alexandru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Roughly a week before Ali Mihaloğlu, bey of Vidin and Smederevo, raided Oradea (February 7-8, 1474), the royal link between Hungary proper and the Voivodate of Transylvania, the Commune of Ragusa, equally vassal to Ottoman sultan Mehmed II and to Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary, informed the Venetian doge, Nicolò Marcello, her Adriatic neighbour, about the most recent developments at the Porte, as well as both at the Porte’s Asian and European borders (January 31, 1474). From the latest news on Usun Hassan, still viewed by some as Christendom’s main anti-Ottoman hope (in spite of the crippling losses he had suffered in August 1473), Ragusa moved on – in her message to Venice (earlier Usun’s main supporter) – to the combats in Vlachia Maior (Wallachia proper), recently invaded by Stephen III the Great of Moldavia (November 8-30, 1473). The information had likewise been provided by the Ragusan envoys to the Porte, who had just returned to the Adriatic, after departing from Constantinople (Istanbul) on December 28, 1473. With Venice waging an increasingly desperate war against Mehmed II (for ten years and counting), the task of conveying Ottoman inside information was very delicate for tribute paying Ragusa.The Ragusan message is the only extant known source to state that Stephen III the Great had won Wallachia from Radu III the Handsome for the benefit of Vlad III the Impaller. The rest of the known sources (however chronicles, not documents) claim that Stephen enthroned Basarab III Laiotă as ruler of Wallachia (Laiotă was his Wallachian ruler of choice until autumn 1474).Ragusa’s Venetian message bluntly contradicts the known contemporary data on Stephen III’s intervention in Wallachia in November 1473 and on the subsequent events, data preserved only in the chronicles of Stephen III (chiefly in the Moldavian-German Chronicle intended for Habsburg subjects, around 1499-1500) and in the writings of Jan Długosz (notoriously hostile towards the Hunyadis).
CuO–Water MHD Mixed Convection Analysis and Entropy Generation Minimization in Double-Lid–Driven U-Shaped Enclosure with Discrete Heating
Authors: Mliki Bouchmel , Miri Rached , Djebali Ridha , Abbassi Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present study explores magnetic nanoliquid mixed convection in a double lid–driven U-shaped enclosure with discrete heating using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) numerical method. The nanoliquid thermal conductivity and viscosity are calculated using the Maxwell and Brinkman models respectively. Nanoliquid magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and mixed convection are analyzed and entropy generation minimisation has been studied. The presented results for isotherms, stream isolines and entropy generation describe the interaction between the various physical phenomena inherent to the problem including the buoyancy, magnetic and shear forces. The operating parameters’ ranges are: Reynolds number (Re: 1–100), Hartman number (Ha: 0–80), magnetic field inclination (γ: 0°– 90°), nanoparticles volume fraction (ϕ: 0–0.04) and inclination angle (α: 0°– 90°). It was found that the N

um
and the total entropy generation augment by increasing Re, ϕ: and γ. conversely, an opposite effect was obtained by increasing Ha and α. The optimum magnetic field and cavity inclination angles to maximum heat transfer are γ = 90° and α = 0.
Solution of the Modified Time Fractional Coupled Burgers Equations Using Laplace Adomian Decompostion Method
Authors: Omame Andrew , Zaman Fiazud Din 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, a coupled system of time-fractional modified Burgers’ equations is considered. Three different fractional operators: Caputo, Caputo-Fabrizio and Atangana-Baleanu operators are implemented for the equations. Also, two different scenarios are examined for each fractional operator: when the initial conditions are u(x, y, 0) = sin(xy), v(x, y, 0) = sin(xy), and when they are u(x, y, 0) = e{−kxy}, v(x, y, 0) = e{−kxy}, where k, α are some positive constants. With the aid of computable Adomian polynomials, the solutions are obtained using Laplace Adomian decomposition method (LADM). The method does not need linearization, weak nonlinearity assumptions or perturbation theory. Simulations are also presented to support theoretical results, and the behaviour of the solutions under the three different fractional operators compared.
Non-Formal Learning Activities – Adult Learning Initiatives
Authors: Simándi Szilvia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the international history of community culture and culture-based adult learning through showing the initiatives of a Post-Socialist country through introducing some initiatives from 1950, without claim for completeness. Additions to the History of Community Culture and Culture-based Adult Education and Learning in Hungary.

Purpose: Our questions include how the political and legal environment, and the spread of the mass media influenced the cultural activities and the community culture, and what culture-based adult learning initiatives and activities can be identified in the area of culture.

Methods: To its realization we chose horizontal and vertical analysing viewpoints. The horizontal viewpoint of our investigation is the linearity of timeline, while the vertical analysing viewpoint is the characteristics of political and legal environment having influence on culture-based adult education (cf. non-formal and informal cultural learning) and showing the work of some significant personalities, through synthetizing archive sources and literature background.

Conclusions: The changing of the regime brought reform on this area, too, it basically changed the profession and the training as well: the community culture builds on local initiatives and active participation, includes the training, creating artistic, informational activity of the citizens, based on their self-activities.
On Writing and College Life: Rainbow Rowell’s Fangirl as a Campus Novel
Authors: Anténe Petr 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In 2022, Rainbow Rowell’s Bildungsroman Fangirl (2013), listed among 10 recent campus novels by Michelle Carroll on PowellsBooks.Blog, may seem a somewhat nostalgic text, as it is set at the University of Nebraska in the 2011/12 academic year. While Fangirl has also been classified as a young adult novel, as a chronicle of the protagonist’s, Cath’s, first year at college, it may arouse memories of a comparable experience in any college graduate, academics included. Like many classic campus novels, Fangirl is concerned with the writing process, as the storyline focuses on a creative writing course Cath takes in her first semester. An author of fanfiction based on a Harry Potteresque fantasy, Cath submits a piece of her fanfiction as an assignment, and is shocked to be accused of plagiarism by her professor. Gradually, Cath’s progression to writing a different short story for the course parallels her learning to deal with family problems as well as her anxiety in the college environment that is new to her. In turn, not only does the novel not completely idealize college life, but it also highlights Cath’s need to negotiate her obligations as a student and her responsibilities outside campus.