bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accounting for constituent particle polydispersion in the determination of the volume specific surface area equivalent diameter
Authors: Bau Sébastien , Rastoix Olivier , Dazon Claire , Bardin-Monnier Nathalie 
Published: May 2023

First introduced by Kreyling et al. (2010), the Volume Specific Surface-Area (VSSA) has been identified as a relevant and alternative method to electron microscopy to determine whether a material is a nanomaterial or not, in addition to being mentioned in the definition from the European Commission. This parameter was recently integrated as a tier 1 screen in the JRC decision trees.
VSSA is an integral measurement method that provides particle size indirectly. When the conversion from specific surface area to particle diameter is performed, the primary particles are assumed to be spherical and monodisperse. This strong assumption is far from reality. The study consisted in evaluating the influence of the polydispersion of the constituent particles of a material on its specific surface, and in proposing a methodology allowing it to be considered in the conversion of the VSSA into equivalent diameter of constituent particles.
This correction was applied to eight powders, with a median diameter in number between 9 and 130 nm, and under the assumption of a distribution according to a normal law. The results indicate that considering the polydispersion improves the determination of the equivalent diameter, the relative deviations compared to the reference measurements in electron microscopy being between -9% and 18%.
Operieren in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit (OpidS) in der Thoraxchirurgie – ein interdisziplinäres Konsensuspapier
Authors: Metelmann Isabella , Pietsch Uta-Carolin , Kappelmeyer Silke , Wessela Sven , Niethard Maya , Klotz Laura 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Zuwachs von in der Chirurgie tätigen Frauen rückt die Herausforderungen der
Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie zunehmend und anhaltend in den Fokus. Gerade in
chirurgischen Fächern spielen Fragen der Beschäftigung und Weiterbildung während
Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit eine große Rolle. Eine realistische Vereinbarkeit von
Schwangerschaft, Stillzeit, Familie, Weiterbildung und Beruf zu erreichen, ist auch in der
Thoraxchirurgie ein wichtiges Ziel, um das Fach attraktiv für junge Absolventinnen zu
gestalten und für Assistenzärztinnen als Spezialisierung mit einer Perspektive
auszustatten.Anhand der gesetzlichen Vorgaben des Gesetzes zum Schutz von Müttern bei der Arbeit, in
der Ausbildung und im Studium wurde durch Vertreter*innen der Thoraxchirurgie, Anästhesie
und Arbeitsmedizin/Arbeitssicherheit ein interdisziplinäres Konsenspapier zum Operieren in
der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit (OpidS) in der Thoraxchirurgie erarbeitet.Die Mehrzahl der thoraxchirurgischen Eingriffe kann in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit
vorgenommen werden. Eine risikostratifizierte Positivliste fasst thoraxchirurgische
Eingriffe mit potenziell vertretbarem Risiko in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit zusammen.
Als Negativliste sind Eingriffe zusammengefasst, deren Durchführung die Autor*innen in der
Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit nicht empfehlen. Zur individuellen Umsetzung wurde eine
Checkliste als Hilfestellung erstellt, um OpidS in der Thoraxchirurgie zu
ermöglichen.Nahezu alle thoraxchirurgischen Eingriffe können unter Einhaltung jeweils zu
bestimmender Schutzmaßnahmen durch Schwangere und Stillende durchführbar sein. Voraussetzung
hierfür ist der freiwillige und selbstbestimmte Wunsch der schwangeren oder stillenden
Chirurginnen zur operativen Tätigkeit sowie die Umsetzbarkeit der Schutzmaßnahmen, getragen
durch die/den Arbeitgeber*in.
Preexposition Prophylaxis With Truvada (Tenofovir/Emtricitabine) as Potential Cause of Celiac Disease-Like Enteropathy
Authors: Herac-Kornauth Merima , Kazemi-Shirazi Lili , Pokryszka Jagoda , Wichlas Martina , Vogelsang Harald , Trauner Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present here a case of a 39-year-old patient who presented with celiac-disease-like
symptoms and MARSH 3a histology in duodenal biopsies under normal diet. Interestingly, HLA
genotyping and celiac-specific serology were negative, primarily leading to exclusion of
celiac disease. However, biopsies from a second endoscopy a couple of months later (still
under normal diet) showed histologic progression of the disease to MARSH 3b and led to the
re-evaluation of the out-of-hospital-obtained histological samples by a pathologist
experienced in celiac disease. The second biopsy described previously as MARSH 3b turned out
to be non-specific and was therefore re-classified as MARSH 0. After all known causes of
duodenal villous atrophy were excluded by a thorough evaluation, a correlation between the
first biopsy (MARSH 3a) and Truvada intake could be established. After Truvada discontinuation
and under normal diet, normalisation of duodenal mucosa was observed, leading to the
assumption that Truvada could lead to celiac-like enteropathy.
CD44 and EGFR Dual-Targeted Antibody-Recruiting Complex Based on Hyaluronic Acid Grafted with β-Cyclodextrin and Multivalent Rhamnose for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhou Zhifang , Zheng Lele , Li Yanchun , Lin Han , Hong Haofei , Shi Jie , Wu Zhimeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA new generation of multivalent antibody-recruiting molecules (ARMs) with dual-targeting tumor-binding termini (TBT), including hyaluronic acid targeting CD44 and nanobody 7D12 or peptide GE11 targeting EGFR, was constructed for cancer immunotherapy. The 7D12 or GE11 were assembled onto β-cyclodextrin-grafted hyaluronic acid (HACD) with multivalent rhamnose via host-guest interaction to form macromolecule complexes. The immunological studies proved that these complexes had dual-targetability on CD44 and EGFR and the rhamnose on HACD could recruit anti-Rha antibodies to mediate cytotoxicity against the targeted tumor cells. This bispecific ARM strategy provides a platform for cancer immunotherapy.
Asymmetric α-Cyanation of β-Keto Esters Catalyzed by Chiral Tin Alkoxides
Authors: Yanagisawa Akira , Hinata Yuki , Midorikawa Koji , Watanabe Takamichi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA catalytic enantioselective α-cyanation reaction of β-keto esters with p-toluenesulfonyl cyanide (TsCN) as a cyanating reagent was achieved using an (R)-BINOL-derived chiral tin dibromide possessing 4-tert-butylphenyl groups at the 3- and 3′-positions as a chiral precatalyst in the presence of sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Optically active α-cyano-β-keto esters having a chiral quaternary carbon were obtained in good to high yields under the influence of the chiral tin diethoxide generated in situ.
Ethical party culture, control, and citizenship behavior: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Horsey Emmanuel Mensah , Guo Lijia , Huang Jiashun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to amplify Ghana’s code of conduct, a provision made to control the behavior of political parties, candidates, and supporters in the electoral processes as well as their day-to-day activities. Although existing studies have documented the merits of organizational citizenship behavior such as sacrificial behaviors, little research has explored organizational citizenship behavior in the context of political parties. In this light, we argue that political parties’ external behavioral conformity depends on the parties’ internal behavior checks. We draw on the self-concept theory to elucidate how ethical party culture and party control shape party citizens’ self-concept to define their conforming behavior. Having investigated 404 members of different political parties, we have found that ethical party culture has a positive impact on party citizenship behavior. In addition, party control positively moderates this linkage. Theoretically, we reveal factors that positively influence organizational citizenship behavior and identify ethical organizational culture and control as components of individuals’ self-conception. From a practical standpoint, our study shows the need for political parties to construct ethical party culture and install party controls comprising process, output, and normative controls to nurture and guide party citizenship behavior. The findings can augment the Ghanaian government’s code of conduct by nurturing conforming behaviors via the parties’ internal behavior-shaping mechanisms that consequently promote external conduct consistent with the political parties’ code of conduct.
Behavior, religion, and socio-economic development: a synthesized theoretical framework
Authors: Al Fozaie Mohammad Tariq 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to theoretical shortcomings, most of the literature that examines the impact of religion on economic well-being fails to distinguish between the religion and the religion constituents. Moreover, the current framework has a narrow focus on economic well-being, does not facilitate for empirical testing, and is troubled by the problem of endogeneity. This paper introduces a framework for the empirical and descriptive study of the impact of religion on socio-economic development. The framework introduced facilitates for the adoption of both inductive and deductive approaches, allowing one to operationalize and analyze the religion itself, to test whether it embodies any principles that might hinder development by facilitating for the construction of a quantitative measure, which seeks to differentiate between the religion and the behavior of its constituents, as well as facilitate for a descriptive study of the religion itself. An example of how to utilize the framework developed is provided for the case of Islam, where the concept of Mafsada, public harm, in the Maqasid of Shariah, the purpose of Islamic jurisprudence, is operationalized, alongside Adam Smith’s Worthless Fellow in the Theory of Moral Sentiments, to develop a composite measure whose corollaries represent behavior a worthless fellow might engage in and would subsequently lead to societal harm. These corollaries can also be adopted in an empirical study as independent variables. Moreover, Ibn Khuldon’s Theory of Development is also utilized along with Max Weber’s Protestant Ethic to facilitate for the study as to why Muslim countries are underdeveloped, and whether their poor development is attributable to Islam, or due to factors relating to culture, justice, politics, and others. This study utilizes a causal research design as it facilitates for better understanding the nature and the extent of the relationship between variables in poorly understood phenomena—behavior, religion, and how, and whether, they can impact development.
Disentangling material, social, and cognitive determinants of human behavior and beliefs
Authors: Tverskoi Denis , Guido Andrea , Andrighetto Giulia , Sánchez Angel , Gavrilets Sergey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn social interactions, human decision-making, attitudes, and beliefs about others coevolve. Their dynamics are affected by cost-benefit considerations, cognitive processes (such as cognitive dissonance, social projecting, and logic constraints), and social influences by peers (via descriptive and injunctive social norms) and by authorities (e.g., educational, cultural, religious, political, administrative, individual or group, real or fictitious). Here we attempt to disentangle some of this complexity by using an integrative mathematical modeling and a 35-day online behavioral experiment. We utilize data from a Common Pool Resources experiment with or without messaging promoting a group-beneficial level of resource extraction. We directly estimate the weights of different factors in decision-making and beliefs dynamics. We show that personal norms and conformity with expected peers’ actions have the largest impact on decision-making while material benefits and normative expectations have smaller effects. Individuals behaving prosocially are characterized by higher weights of personal norms while antisocial types are more affected by conformity. Messaging greatly decreases the weight of personal norms while simultaneously increases the weight of conformity. It also markedly influences personal norms and normative expectations. Both cognitive and social factors are important in the dynamics of beliefs. Between-individual variation is present in all measured characteristics and notably impacts observed group behavior. At the same time, gender differences are small. We argue that one can hardly understand social behavior without understanding the dynamics of personal beliefs and beliefs about others and that cognitive, social, and material factors all play important roles in these processes. Our results have implications for understanding and predicting social processes triggered by certain shocks (e.g., social unrest, a pandemic, or a natural disaster) and for designing policy interventions aiming to change behavior (e.g., actions aimed at environment protection or climate change mitigation).
Slicing Newton spheres with a two-camera 3D imaging system
Authors: Ranathunga Yasashri , Olowolafe Temitayo , Orunesajo Emmanuel , Musah Hackim , Lee Suk Kyoung , Li Wen 
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a simple approach to achieve three-dimensional ion momentum imaging. The method employs two complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor cameras in addition to a standard microchannel plates/phosphor screen imaging detector. The two cameras are timed to measure the decay of luminescence excited by ion hits to extract the time of flight. The achieved time resolution is better than 10 ns, which is mainly limited by camera jitters. A better than 5 ns resolution can be achieved when the jitter is suppressed.
Restoring particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon through regenerative agriculture
Authors: Prairie Aaron M. , King Alison E. , Cotrufo M. Francesca 
Published: May 2023

Sustainability of agricultural production and mitigation of global warming rely on the regeneration of soil organic carbon (SOC), in particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) forms. We conducted a global systematic meta-analysis of the effects of regenerative management practices on SOC, POC, and MAOC in cropland, finding: 1) no-till (NT) and cropping system intensification increase SOC (11.3% and 12.4%, respectively), MAOC (8.5% and 7.1%, respectively), and POC (19.7% and 33.3%, respectively) in topsoil (0 to 20 cm), but not in subsoil (>20 cm); 2) experimental duration, tillage frequency, the intensification type, and rotation diversity moderate the effects of regenerative management; and 3) NT synergized with integrated crop–livestock (ICL) systems to greatly increase POC (38.1%) and cropping intensification synergized with ICL systems to greatly increase MAOC (33.1 to 53.6%). This analysis shows that regenerative agriculture is a key strategy to reduce the soil C deficit inherent to agriculture to promote both soil health and long-term C stabilization.
C. elegans
Clarinet/CLA-1 recruits RIMB-1/RIM-binding protein and UNC-13 to orchestrate presynaptic neurotransmitter release
Authors: Krout Mia , Oh Kelly H. , Xiong Ame , Frankel Elisa B. , Kurshan Peri T. , Kim Hongkyun , Richmond Janet E. 
Published: May 2023

Synaptic transmission requires the coordinated activity of multiple synaptic proteins that are localized at the active zone (AZ). We previously identified a
Caenorhabditis elegans
protein named Clarinet (CLA-1) based on homology to the AZ proteins Piccolo, Rab3-interactingmolecule (RIM)/UNC-10 and Fife. At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ),
cla-1 null
mutants exhibit release defects that are greatly exacerbated in
cla-1;unc-10 double
mutants. To gain insights into the coordinated roles of CLA-1 and UNC-10, we examined the relative contributions of each to the function and organization of the AZ. Using a combination of electrophysiology, electron microscopy, and quantitative fluorescence imaging we explored the functional relationship of CLA-1 to other key AZ proteins including: RIM1, Cav2.1 channels, RIM1-binding protein, and Munc13 (
C. elegans
UNC-10, UNC-2, RIMB-1 and UNC-13, respectively). Our analyses show that CLA-1 acts in concert with UNC-10 to regulate UNC-2 calcium channel levels at the synapse via recruitment of RIMB-1. In addition, CLA-1 exerts a RIMB-1-independent role in the localization of the priming factor UNC-13. Thus
C. elegans
CLA-1/UNC-10 exhibit combinatorial effects that have overlapping design principles with other model organisms: RIM/RBP and RIM/ELKS in mouse and Fife/RIM and BRP/RBP in
Drosophila
. These data support a semiconserved arrangement of AZ scaffolding proteins that are necessary for the localization and activation of the fusion machinery within nanodomains for precise coupling to Ca
2+
channels.
The SHDRA syndrome-associated gene
TMEM260
encodes a protein-specific O-mannosyltransferase
Authors: Larsen Ida Signe Bohse , Povolo Lorenzo , Zhou Luping , Tian Weihua , Mygind Kasper Johansen , Hintze John , Jiang Chen , Hartill Verity , Prescott Katrina , Johnson Colin A. , Mullegama Sureni V. , McConkie-Rosell Allyn , McDonald Marie , Hansen Lars , Vakhrushev Sergey Y. , Schjoldager Katrine T. , Clausen Henrik , Worzfeld Thomas , Joshi Hiren J. , Halim Adnan 
Published: May 2023

Mutations in the
TMEM260
gene cause structural heart defects and renal anomalies syndrome, but the function of the encoded protein remains unknown. We previously reported wide occurrence of O-mannose glycans on extracellular immunoglobulin, plexin, transcription factor (IPT) domains found in the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (cMET), macrophage-stimulating protein receptor (RON), and plexin receptors, and further demonstrated that two known protein O-mannosylation systems orchestrated by the POMT1/2 and transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat-containing proteins 1-4 gene families were not required for glycosylation of these IPT domains. Here, we report that the
TMEM260
gene encodes an ER-located protein O-mannosyltransferase that selectively glycosylates IPT domains. We demonstrate that disease-causing
TMEM260
mutations impair O-mannosylation of IPT domains and that
TMEM260
knockout in cells results in receptor maturation defects and abnormal growth of 3D cell models. Thus, our study identifies the third protein-specific O-mannosylation pathway in mammals and demonstrates that O-mannosylation of IPT domains serves critical functions during epithelial morphogenesis. Our findings add a new glycosylation pathway and gene to a growing group of congenital disorders of glycosylation.
Influence of mixed-frequency medium-voltage and environmental stress on the aging of epoxy
Authors: Küchler Florian , Färber Raphael , Šefl Ondřej , Bill Fabian , Franck Christian M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recent developments in power electronic technologies lead to new challenges for insulation systems. This contribution aims to clarify the influence of a broad range of mixed-frequency (MF) medium-voltage and environmental stress parameters on the aging of epoxy insulation. For this purpose, test samples are stressed with an AC (50 Hz) or a DC voltage, superimposed with a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) voltage (kHz range). An analysis of the samples’ health state is carried out after the aging by the evaluation of potential aging markers (AC breakdown strength, dielectric permittivity, glass transition temperature, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectra). Although the main focus of this work is on aging below the inception of partial discharges (PDs), it was first confirmed that PD-related aging depends mainly on the peak voltage stress. In contrast, the results obtained by aging below PD inception suggests a dependence on the root-mean-square of the applied voltage stress, and consequently on the energy dissipation. Aging in the PD-free regime was only observed at alternating electric field stress and high relative humidity or elevated temperatures. No influences of space charge and of the slew rate of the PWM voltage were observed. Remarkably, higher PWM frequencies lead to less insulation aging. This might be attributed to the increasing hindrance of polymer side chain movement at higher frequencies, as observed by dielectric spectroscopy. In addition, it is indicated that the aging mechanisms under MF voltage stress result from superimposed single-frequency aging mechanisms and that aging is activated after a latency period. Of the investigated potential aging markers, only the residual breakdown strength revealed aging effects, which correlates with lifetime observations in the PD-free voltage stress regime. It is hypothesized that the aging mechanism is associated with a rearrangement of the free volume in the polymer, followed by a localized breaking of van der Waals bonds.
An alternative simulation approach for surface flashover in a vacuum using a 1D2V continuum and kinetic model
Authors: Sun Guang-Yu , Lian Ru-Hui , Zhang Shu , Yang Xiong , Abbas Muhammad Farasat , Wang Chao , Guo Bao-Hong , Song Bai-Peng , Zhang Guan-Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Surface flashover across an insulator in a vacuum is a destructive plasma discharge which undermines the behaviors of a range of applications in electrical engineering, particle physics and space engineering, etc. This phenomenon is widely modeled by the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, here the continuum and kinetic simulation method is first proposed and implemented as an alternative solution for flashover modeling, aiming for the prevention of unfavorable particle noises in PIC models. A one dimension in space, two dimensions in velocity kinetic simulation model is constructed. Modeling setup, physical assumptions, and simulation algorithm are presented in detail, and a comparison with the well-known secondary electron (SE) emission avalanche analytical expression and existing PIC simulation are made. The obtained kinetic simulation results are consistent with the analytical prediction, and feature noise-free data of surface charge density as well as fluxes of primary and SEs. Discrepancies between the two simulation models and analytical predictions are explained. The code is convenient for updating and to include additional physical processes. The possible implementations of outgassing and plasma species for the final breakdown stage are discussed. The proposed continuum and kinetic approach are expected to inspire future modeling studies for the flashover mechanism and mitigation.
Implications of phonon anisotropy on thermal conductivity of fluorite oxides
Authors: Adnan Saqeeb , Jin Miaomiao , Bryan Matthew S , Manley Michael E , Hurley David H , Khafizov Marat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFluorite oxides are attractive ionic compounds for a range of applications with critical thermal management requirements. In view of recent reports alluding to anisotropic thermal conductivity in this face-centered cubic crystalline systems, we perform a detailed analysis of the impact of direction-dependent phonon group velocities and lifetimes on the thermal transport of fluorite oxides. We demonstrate that the bulk thermal conductivity of this class of materials remains isotropic despite notable anisotropy in phonon lifetime and group velocity. However, breaking the symmetry of the phonon lifetime under external stimuli including boundary scattering present in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of finite size simulation cell gives rise to apparent thermal conductivity anisotropy. We observe that for accurate determination of thermal conductivity, it is important to consider phonon properties not only along high symmetry directions commonly measured in inelastic neutron or x-ray scattering experiments but also of those along lower symmetry. Our results suggests that certain low symmetry directions have a larger contribution to thermal conductivity compared to high symmetry ones.