bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent and combined associations of multiple heavy metal exposure with lung function: A population-based study in US children
Authors: Chen Yiting , Zhao Anda , Li Rong , Kang Wenhui , Wu Jinhong , Yin Yong , Tong Shilu , Li Shenghui , Chen Jianyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous research has found relationships between some single metals and lung function parameters. However, the role of simultaneous multi-metal exposure is poorly understood. The crucial period throughout childhood, when people are most susceptible to environmental dangers, has also been largely ignored. The study aimed to evaluate the joint and individual associations of 12 selected urinary metals with pediatric lung function measures using multipollutant approaches.
Methods: A total of 1227 children aged 6–17 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database of the 2007–2012 cycles were used. The metal exposure indicators were 12 urine metals adjusted for urine creatinine, including Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), Cadmium (Cd), Caesium (Cs), Cobalt (Co), Mercury (Hg), Molybdenum (Mo), Lead (Pb), Antimony (Sb), Thallium (Tl), Tu (Tungsten), and Urtiam (Ur). The outcomes of interest were lung function indices including the 1st second of a forceful exhalation (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25–75%), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Multivariate linear regression, quantile g-computation (QG-C), and Bayesian kernel machine regression models (BKMR) were adopted.
Results: A significantly negative overall effects of metal mixtures on all four lung function parameters were observed. Pb had the largest negative contribution to the negative associations, and Pb's relationship with lung function metrics showed to be nonlinear, with an approximate "L" shape. Potential interactions between Pb and Cd in lung function decline were observed. Whereas Ba was positively associated with lung function metrics.
Conclusion: Metal mixtures were negatively associated with pediatric lung function. Pb might be crucial elements. Our findings highlight the need for prioritizing children’s environmental health to protect them from later respiratory disorders and to guide future research into the toxic mechanisms of metal-mediated lung function injury in the pediatric population.
Clinical efficacy of autologous simple Limbal epithelial transplantation for stem cell deficiency in ocular surface burn
Authors: shah Zaman , Hussain Ibrar , Mehmood Khalid , ullah inayat , Butt Nadeem , Mahar Pir Salim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To describe long term clinical outcome of simple Limbal epithelial transplantation(SLET).
Design: Single center prospective interventional case series.
Participants: This study include 21 patients, 12 adults and 9 children, who developed unilateral Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) after ocular surface burn and underwent SLET between 2019 and 2021.
Method: A 3.5 mm to 4 mm Limbal biopsy sample was harvested from unaffected eye. The recipient eye was surgically prepared and the autologous donor tissue was divided into small pieces and transplanted in mid periphery of the recipient cornea 360 around, using amniotic membrane, sutured with 10/0 nylon.
Results: The study Includes of 21 patients, 12 adults and 9 children, with unilateral LSCD suffering from 0cular surface burn. Total LSCD (12 Clock hours) was seen in the affected eye in 11(91.66%) adults and 6 (66.66%) children and partial LSCD (less than 6 Clock hours) was seen 1(8.33%) adult and 3 (33.33%) children. Males were more common among adults, 7(58.33%) than children 5 (55.55%; p=.098) and adult female,5(41.66%) than female children, 4(44.44%).
Accidental pressure cooker blast,3(33.33%) and lime burn,2(22.22%) were the most common causes of LSCD in children, whereas in adults causes include industrial alkali,4(33.33%) and lime burn, 3(33.33%).
At the final follow up visit after SLET, 18 of 21 eyes in adults (91.66%) and children (77.77%) maintained a successfully regenerated stable corneal surface. Among patients with total LSCD, successful outcome was observed in 90% adults and 83% children and with partial LSCD success rate was 92% in adults and 83% in children respectively.
There was a significant improvement in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after SLET compared with the base line in all age groups. In group 1, 14(66.66%) patients had pre-operative visual acuity of hand moment or perception of light with 0% visual acuity postoperatively. In group 2 ,07(33.33%) and 04(19.04%) patients had BCVA between 1/60 to 6/60, pre-operative and post-operative respectively. In group 3, none of the patient had pre-operative VA better than 6/60. Seventeen (80.95%) patients had recovered BCVA better than 6/60 with 95% Confidence interval and p value 0.000.
Conclusion:
Autologous SLET is an effective, reliable and replicable technique for long-lasting corneal regeneration and vision restoration in unilateral chronic ocular surface burns. Simple limbal epithelial transplantation is probably preferable to other techniques of limbal stem cell transplantation, particularly where cell cultivation facilities are unavailable.
Corrosion of glaze in the marine environment: study on the green-glazed pottery from the “Nanhai Ⅰ” shipwreck of the Song Dynasty
Authors: Zhou Benyuan , Ma Qinglin , Li Zhimin , Zhang Zhiguo , Li Naisheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The “Nanhai Ⅰ” shipwreck is an important discovery in underwater archaeology in China, and many ceramics have been unearthed. These ceramics are important material artifacts of China’s “Maritime Silk Road” and have considerable significance for the study of foreign trade exchange in the Song Dynasty. However, these ceramics have been buried in a marine environment for approximately 800 years and have all been corroded to varying degrees, with green-glazed pottery being the most severely corroded. In this study, the chemical composition of five samples of green-glazed pottery and the corrosion morphology and mechanism of a representative sample were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results: The green glaze is a low-temperature silica-aluminum oxide-lead oxide (SiO2-Al2O3-PbO) glaze with copper ions (Cu2+) as the main colorant. The corrosion morphology is characterized by a alternating silicon (Si)- and lead (Pb)-rich layers, a sharp reaction interface between the Si-rich layer and the pristine glaze, a relatively high porosity of the Si-rich gel layer, which formed by the accumulation of spherical hydrated silica colloidal particles. These features suggest that the glaze was corroded through a coupled dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism and that the properties of the gel pores controlled the reaction kinetics. Fluctuations in the solution properties at the reaction interface produced the complex morphology of the gel layer, whereas changes in the dryness and humidity of the environment are not the essential factor. The samples have been corroding in the marine environment for nearly a thousand years, and an exploration of the corrosion morphology and mechanism can provide a reference for the corrosion of various ancient ceramics and glasses and a basis for the scientific conservation of these objects.
Tissue tropism of Tilapia Lake Virus infection by experimental route in Tilapines (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: ArunKumar S.R.Saranya , Sudhakaran R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aquaculture production sectors are often vulnerable to various aquatic diseases which could be specific to species or climate. Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), a virus that only affects Tilapia, has been responsible for recent years' widespread fish death. Understanding both horizontal and vertical routes of viral transmission is crucial in preventing this disease. Since there are studies on TiLV mostly focussed on In Vitro methodology for the experimental infection. However, we demonstrated the horizontal route of transmission by In Vivo method through intraperitoneal injection. The immune genes are highly responsible to evade the viral infection, in the case of TiLV infection, three different immune genes of Tilapia (MYD88, MCP, TNFα) were upregulated along with the viral load. To understand the aetiology of this disease, the viral load at different organs of the infected fish were estimated by Real Time PCR at regular intervals of time till the moribund stage. The immune genes endured a sharp decline in the middle of pathogenesis with the sudden increase of Viral load which made the fishes to attain the moribund stage.
MiRNA-338-3p inhibit neuroinflammation in the corpus callosum of ICV-LPS rats via STAT1 signal pathway
Authors: Liu Nan , Zhou Qiuping , Wang Huifang , Li Qian , Chen Zhuo , Lin Yiyan , Yi Lingling , Jiang Shuqi , Chen Chunbo , Deng Yiyu. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Neuroinflammation is common characteristics of many neurological disorders, which is associated with the activation of astrocytes and microglia. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism that miR-338-3p negatively modulate neuroinflammation in the corpus callosum (CC) of rats after Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. We here reported that the decreased levels of miR-338-3p were detected using qRT-PCR and the upregulated expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was measured by ELISA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with intracranial infection (ICI). A negative association between miR-338-3p and TNF-α or IL-1β was revealed by Pearson correlation analysis. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected with LPS (50ng) into intracerebroventricular (ICV), following which increased expression of TNF-α and IL-1β and reduction of miR-338-3p expression were observed in the CC. Overexpression of miR-338-3p through injection of AAV-miR-338-3p plasmid into ICV might saliently inhibit the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the astrocytes and microglia in the CC of ICV-LPS rats. In vitro cultured astrocytes and BV2 cells transfected with mimic-miR-338-3p produced fewer TNF-α and IL-1β after LPS administration. Direct interaction between miR-338-3p and STAT1 mRNA was validated by biological information analysis and dual luciferase assay. Furthermore, STAT1 pathway was found to be implicated in inhibition of neuroinflammation induced by mimic miR-338-3p in the astrocytes and BV2 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-338-3p suppress the generation of inflammatory mediators in astrocyte and BV2 cells induced by LPS exposure through STAT1 signal pathway. MiR-338-3p would act as a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate the occurrence of neuroinflammation.
Sevoflurane sedation in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome: an observational study with a propensity score matching model
Authors: Consales Guglielmo , Cappellini Iacopo , Freschi Benedetta , Campiglia Laura , Parise Maddalena , Zamidei Lucia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Patients that are affected by severe induced respiratory failure (C-ARDS) formCOVID-19, frequently need deep sedation in order to perform adequate ventilator support. Volatile anesthetics (VAs) constitute a convenient alternative to intravenous molecules, allowing to fine-tune the desired level of sedation. Moreover, VAs might have anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatatory effects, which are particularly appropriate for COVID-19 patients.
Methods: In this study, we show the results of a retrospective single-center non-profit observational cohort study. To achieve this, we enrolled patients hospitalized for C-ARDS in the COVID Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Santo Stefano (Prato, Italy) during the period March 2020 - June 2021. A total of 112 patients were enrolled in the study that were all submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation. Participants were divided in two groups: i) Group 1 received the VA sevoflurane and, ii) Group 2 were sedated with propofol and remifentanil. A propensity score matching model (PSM) was applied in order match each treated unit with a non-treated unit of similar characteristics between the two groups. The calculation of PSM was performed considering anthropometric data such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and comorbidities such as arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic heart disease, and chronic kidney damage as covariates.
Level of sedation (BIS monitoring), respiratory and ventilator parameters, i.e., PaO2/FiO2, pulmonary static compliance and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and biochemical parameters were evaluated at three time-points: at the time of the invasive ventilation (T1), after 72 hours (T2) and after 7 days (T3).
Results: 56 patients who received inhaled sedation with sevoflurane were matched with 56 participants receiving an intravenous sedation by means of PSM. An adequate level of sedation was obtained in both groups. In the sevoflurane group, an increase of PaO2/FiO2 and of the static compliance was observed while mortality was slightly decreased.
Conclusions: In this work, we demonstrate that deep sedation of invasively ventilated C-ARDS patients can be effectively obtained with sevoflurane. Interestingly, VA sedation with sevoflurane contributed to enhance respiratory mechanics, which has a clear clinical relevance in C-ARDS patients. In terms of pulmonary compliance, results obtained after three days of starting sedation therapy with sevoflurane demonstrated that static compliance was higher in those who received inhaled sedation. At the same timing, PaO2/FiO2 ratio at the same timing was greater in group 1 than in group 2.
Further studies deem to confirm the potential of this treatment in a randomized clinical trial.
Towards Understanding the Time Variations of Proton to Helium Ratios in the Heliosphere: Implication for the Time Dependence of the Elements of the Diffusion Tensor
Authors: Ngobeni M. D. , Potgieter M. S. , Aslam O. P.M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A comprehensive three-dimensional numerical model for the modulation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere is applied to investigate the relative roles of the time dependence of the elements of the diffusion tensor on the proton to total helium (p/He) and helium-3 to helium-4 (3He2/4He2) ratios at rigidities below 3 GV. At these rigidities the ratios have been observed by both PAMELA and AMS detectors to have a significant time variation in response to changing solar activity. We found that the contribution of the time dependence of the perpendicular diffusion in the radial direction of the heliosphere is the dominant cause of this observed time variation, especially in the A < 0 cycle, and not any fundamental difference between the solar modulation of galactic protons and helium isotopes. It follows that neglecting this time dependence, both in value and rigidity dependence, from numerical models would produce time trends in the mentioned ratios that are incompatible with observed trends at the Earth. Furthermore, we found significant differences in the computed time trends of p/He and 3He2/4He2 ratios at rigidities below 1.5 GV. This is mainly a consequence of an interplay between perpendicular diffusion in the radial direction and adiabatic energy losses which begin to influence modulated spectra at a higher rigidity for 3He2 than for 4He2, and for total helium than for protons.
Dietary probiotics supplementation is a unique strategy for enhancing physio- biochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity and oxidative stability of broiler meat
Authors: Biswas Avishek , N Junaid , Deo Chandra , Tiwari Ashok K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study sought to assess the physio-biochemical traits, antioxidant capacity, oxidative stability, and microbial load of broiler meat following dietary supplementation with probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) and Bifidobacterium bifidum (BB). A total of 240 day-old chicks were randomly selected and distributed in a 2 x 2 + 2 factorial design using 5 replications with 8 birds each. There were six different corn-based dietary treatments developed: T1 (control diet), T2 (T1 + Bacitracin methylene di-salicylate @ 0.002%), T3 (T1 + LA @106 cfu/g feed), T4 (T1 + LA @107 cfu/g feed), T5 (T1 + BB @106 cfu/g feed), and T6 (T1 + BB @107 cfu/g feed). Fifteen birds from each group (n = 6 x 15 = 90) were randomly selected at the conclusion of the 42-day study, and their breasts and thighs were sampled for physio-biochemical characteristics, antioxidants, and estimation of microbial load. Water holding capacity (WHC), extract release volume (ERV), peroxide values, and anti-oxidant indices like ABTS+ and DPPH significantly decreased (P≤0.05) in the LA supplemented group, but cholesterol, fat percent and TBARS values, as well as free fatty acids, increased (P≤0.05). Standard plate count (SPC), staphylococcus, and coliform counts were all noticeably lower (P≤0.05) in the LA supplemented group. These results suggest that broiler meat's physio-biochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition could be enhanced by adding probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) to the basic diet.
Characterization and ecological risk assessment of toxic metal contaminants around the coal gangue hill in Huainan, Central China
Authors: you mu , hu yunhu , wang zhihui , zhang wentie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To better understand the toxic metal pollution caused by coal mining activities, the concentrations of Ni, Zn, Cr, Cd, Cu, As and Pb in the soil around the coal gangue hill in a coal mine area of Huainan, China were measured, the soil pollution was assessed with the single factor index method, Nemerow pollution index method and potential ecological hazard index method. The average concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd and As were 20.75, 17.68, 29.86, 10.33, 46.91, 0.14 and 21.59 mg/kg, respectively. The descending order of the average concentration is Cr > Zn > As > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cd. The concentrations of toxic metal contaminants in the soil showed distinct spatial distribution differences in different wind directions. The pollution degree is followed the order of downwind direction > upwind direction > control point. The ecological risk of toxic metal contaminants in the soil around the mining area in the upwind and downwind directions belonged to slight, Cd and As posing a higher ecological risk than the other elements. Results revealed that the wind direction is important for the distribution of toxic metal contaminants around the coal gangue hill. This study can be used as a scientific reference for the prevention and control of pollution caused by toxic metal contaminants in mining area soil.
Identification of metabolic and protein markers representative of the impact of mild nitrogen deficit on agronomic performance of maize hybrids
Authors: Urrutia Maria , Blein-Nicolas Mélisande , Fernandez Ollivier , Bernillon Stéphane , Maucourt Mickaël , Deborde Catherine , Balliau Thierry , Rabier Dominique , Bénard Camille , Prigent Sylvain , Quillere Isabelle , Jacob Daniel , Gibon Yves , Zivy Michel , Giauffret Catherine , Hirel Bertrand , Moing Annick 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
A better understanding of the physiological response of silage maize to a mild reduction in nitrogen(N) fertilization and the identification of predictive biochemical markers of N utilization efficiency could contribute to limit the detrimental effect of the overuse of N inputs.
Results
To identify predictive biochemical markers of nitrogen (N) utilization and metabolism of silage maize in relation to growth and productivity, a metabolomic and a proteomic approach were combined. These analyses were performed on young leaves of a core panel of 29 European genetically diverse dent hybrids cultivated in the field under non-limiting and reduced N fertilization conditions in order to identify such predictive markers at an early stage of plant development. Metabolome and proteome data were analyzed either individually or in an integrated manner together with eco-physiological, developmental and yield-related traits. These analyses allowed to depict the physiology underlying plant response to the mild N deficit often occurring when maize is grown under agronomic conditions. Moreover, the genetic diversity of the 29 hybrids was exploited to identify common N-responsive metabolites and protein that could be used as predictive markers to monitor N fertilization and to identify silage maize hybrids representing possible ideotypes that exhibit improved agronomic performance when N fertilization is reduced.
Conclusion
Among the N-responsive metabolites and proteins identified, a cytosolic NADP-dependent malic enzyme and four metabolite signatures stand out as promising markers that could be used for both breeding and agronomic purposes.
Universe: the dynamics resulting from its maximum states of contraction and expansion
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates Georges 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The evolution of the Universe is observable or characterizable by quantum mechanics and field equations from the Planck scales or when the expansive motion already exists; thus, the definition of universal states (before the beginning and after the end of the expansion) with zero kinetic energy can be a challenge to be solved only by parallel analysis. Considering that a complete description of the Universe can provide important insights, the logic of conceptual connections is used as an alternative to the formal use of the Friedmann equations; in this sense, an exclusive presence of linear Space (1D) in momentary states of maximum contraction and expansion is analyzed, with our Universe (3D Space) considered as created and existing between these extremes. The concept of absolute rest mass energy became specifically applicable, revealing that the complete evolution of the Universe is spatially dynamic in a permanent time dimension, allowing for the relative maintenance of any existence.
Structural Capacity and Seismic Responses Evaluation of Low-Rise Buildings by Implementing Building Information Modeling (BIM) Framework
Authors: Lumondang Amanda , Pradana Erik Wahyu , Sangadji Senot 
Published: February 2023

Currently, BIM has been widely applied in structural design and construction management work. However, there has not been much BIM implementation in evaluating existing structures. Thus, BIM was implemented in this study to evaluate the structural capacity and seismic responses of low-rise buildings due to earthquake loads. The case study was conducted on the Pakubuwono X Mosque building, designed in 2017 based on SNI 2847:2013, SNI 1726:2012, and SNI 1727:2013. This research was carried out numerically by involving the interconnection of Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Robot SAP software, which worked within the BIM framework. The structural model of the Pakubuwono X Mosque building was developed using Autodesk Revit, which was connected to Autodesk Robot SAP for analysis and structural design processes. Furthermore, the design products of Autodesk Robot SAP are reconnected with Autodesk Revit to be integrated with architectural and MEP (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing) design products. In this study, the structural capacity evaluation was carried out on the floor slabs, beams, and columns. Furthermore, the seismic response in the form of modal participation mass ratio, fundamental period, base shear, and story drift are also reviewed in this study. In conclusion, all structural elements (floor slabs, beams, and columns) are adequate to support the design load as indicated by the demand-capacity ratio (D/C Ratio), which is less than 1.0. Furthermore, all parameters of seismic response reviewed in this research comply with the requirements set out in SNI 1726:2012.