bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The burden of tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Siyu Yu , Shihong Li , Hanzhao Liu , Qiufang Xu , Jingyi Liu , Fengzhu Cai , Shaotan Xiao , Gengsheng He 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that the risk of tuberculosis (TB) increases dramatically during adolescence. The objective of this article was to analyze the burdens and trends of TB incidence and mortality rates in Asian adolescents and young adults.

Methods
Time series ecological study of TB incidence and mortality rates of adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years from 1990 to 2019, using data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease website for 5 Asian countries. The annual percentage change was calculated by joinpoint regression analysis to estimate the trends in the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR).

Results
The highest ASIR per 100,000 person-years in 2019 was in Mongolia [74 (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 51 to 105)], while the lowest was in Japan [4 (95% UI, 2 to 6)]. The highest ASDR per 100,000 person-years was in Mongolia [2 (95% UI, 1 to 3)], while the lowest was in Japan [0.009 (95% UI, 0.008 to 0.010)]. As the absolute number of cases and deaths decreased from 1990 to 2019, the ASIRs and ASDRs in all five countries also decreased.

Conclusions
Our finding revealed that although all five countries in Asia experienced descending TB incidence and mortality trend in past three decades, the trends were especially significant in developed countries and varied across geographic regions. This study may be crucial in helping policymakers make decisions and allocate appropriate resources to adolescent TB control strategies.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese Mandarin version of the Borderline Symptom List, short form (BSL-23) in suicidal adolescents
Authors: Shen Jui-En , Huang Yu-Hsin , Huang Hui-Chun , Liu Hui-Ching , Lee Tsung-Han , Sun Fang-Ju , Huang Chiu-Ron , Liu Shen-Ing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The short form of the Borderline Symptom List (BSL-23) is a self-rated instrument developed from the initial 95-item German version of the Borderline Symptom List (BSL-95). It is widely used among Chinese adults, but its applicability, factor structure and validity remain uncertain in adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese Mandarin version of the BSL-23 in a sample of suicidal adolescents.

Methods
The Chinese Mandarin BSL-23 was given to 279 outpatient adolescents with self-injurious thoughts or behaviors. The factor structure, reliability, convergent validity, criterion-related validity and cut-off value were investigated.

Results
The Chinese Mandarin version of the BSL-23 demonstrated a one-factor structure and replicated the original version. The scale had high reliability and good test-retest stability. The Chinese Mandarin BSL-23 was correlated with depression, hopelessness, impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, self-esteem, loneliness, childhood trauma and parental bonding patterns evaluated with a variety of scales. The measure showed good criterion-related validity and predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.87) for self-injurious and suicidal adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) at a cut-off point of 60/61 (mean score 2.60/2.65), with a sensitivity of 0.76 and specificity of 0.83.

Conclusions
The Chinese Mandarin version of the BSL-23 is a reliable and valid self-reported instrument to assess BPD symptomatology among suicidal adolescents.
Association of medial collateral ligament complex injuries with anterior cruciate ligament ruptures based on posterolateral tibial plateau injuries
Authors: Von Rehlingen-Prinz Fidelius , Leiderer Miriam , Dehoust Julius , Dust Tobias , Kowald Birgitt , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Izadpanah Kaywan , Henes Frank Oliver , Krause Matthias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The combined injury of the medial collateral ligament complex and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most common two ligament injury of the knee. Additional injuries to the medial capsuloligamentous structures are associated with rotational instability and a high failure rate of ACL reconstruction. The study aimed to analyze the specific pattern of medial injuries and their associated risk factors, with the goal of enabling early diagnosis and initiating appropriate therapeutic interventions, if necessary.

Results
Between January 2017 and December 2018, 151 patients with acute ACL ruptures with a mean age of 32 ± 12 years were included in this study. The MRIs performed during the acute phase were analyzed by four independent investigators—two radiologists and two orthopedic surgeons. The trauma impact on the posterolateral tibial plateau and associated injuries to the medial complex (POL, dMCL, and sMCL) were examined and revealed an injury to the medial collateral ligament complex in 34.4% of the patients. The dMCL was the most frequently injured structure (92.2%). A dMCL injury was significantly associated with an increase in trauma severity at the posterolateral tibial plateau (p < 0.02) and additional injuries to the sMCL (OR 4.702, 95% CL 1.3–133.3, p = 0.03) and POL (OR 20.818, 95% CL 5.9–84.4, p < 0.0001). Isolated injuries to the sMCL were not observed. Significant risk factors for acquiring an sMCL injury were age (p < 0.01) and injury to the lateral meniscus (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
In about one-third of acute ACL ruptures the medial collateral ligament complex is also injured. This might be associated with an increased knee laxity as well as anteromedial rotational instability. Also, this might be associated with an increased risk for failure of revision ACL reconstruction. In addition, we show risk factors and predictors that point to an injury of medial structures and facilitate their diagnosis. This should help physicians and surgeons to precisely diagnose and to assess its scope in order to initiate proper therapies. With this in mind, we would like to draw attention to a frequently occurring combination injury, the so-called “unlucky triad” (ACL, MCL, and lateral meniscus).
Level of evidence Level III Retrospective cohort study.
Surgical site infections after elective craniotomy for brain tumor: a study on potential risk factors and related treatments
Authors: Lv Yifan , Mao Xiang , Deng Yuxuan , Yu Lanbing , Chu Junsheng , Hao Shuyu , Ji Nan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication following craniotomy that increases morbidity, mortality, and medical expenses. The objectives of this study were to determine the relevant risk factors associated with SSI after elective craniotomy for brain tumor and analyse the treatments for SSI.

Methods
A retrospective nested case‒control study was conducted using data from patients who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor resection at the Neurosurgical Oncology Department No. 6 of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, between January 2019 and December 2021. Risk factors for SSI were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. We analyzed microbiological and related treatment data for different SSI types.

Results
Among 2061 patients who underwent craniotomy for brain tumor, 31 had SSI (1.50%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, body mass index (BMI) and operative duration were identified as independent risk factors for SSI. The most common microorganism isolated from SSIs was Staphylococcus epidermidis (22.9%), and drug sensitivity results showed that gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to linezolid, vancomycin and tigecycline, whereas gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to meropenem, cefepime and ceftazidime. Six of the seven patients who underwent bone flap removal due to osteomyelitis were infected with gram-negative bacteria.

Conclusions
BMI and operative duration were identified as independent risk factors for SSI. Diabetes mellitus, previous ratio therapy, type of incision, recurrence tumor and other risk factors were not found to be associated with the occurrence of SSI in this study.
Analysis of heterogeneous growth changes in longitudinal height of children
Authors: Wake Senahara Korsa , Zewotir Temesgen , Muluneh Essey Kebede 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
There have been methodologies developed for a wide range of longitudinal data types; nevertheless, the conventional growth study is restricted if individuals in the sample have heterogeneous growth trajectories across time. Using growth mixture modeling approaches, we aimed to investigate group-level heterogeneities in the growth trajectories of children aged 1 to 15 years.

Method
This longitudinal study examined group-level growth heterogeneities in a sample of 3401 males and 3200 females. Data were analyzed using growth mixture modeling approaches.

Results
We examined different trajectories of growth change in children across four low- and middle-income countries using a data-driven growth mixture modeling technique. The study identified two-group trajectories: the most male samples group (n = 4260, 69.7%) and the most female samples group (n = 2341, 81.6%). The findings show that the two groups had different growth trajectories. Gender and country differences were shown to be related to growth factors; however, the association varied depending on the trajectory group. In both latent groups, females tended to have lower growth factors (initial height and rate of growth) than their male counterparts. Compared with children from Ethiopia, children from Peru and Vietnam tended to exhibit faster growth in height over time: In contrast, children from India showed a lower rate of change in both latent groups than that of children from Ethiopia.

Conclusions
The height of children in four low- and middle-income countries showed heterogeneous changes over time with two different groups of growth trajectories.
Circuit breakers in HVDC systems: state-of-the-art review and future trends
Authors: Taherzadeh Erfan , Radmanesh Hamid , Javadi Shahram , Gharehpetian G. B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh voltage direct current (HVDC) systems are efficient solutions for the integration of large-scale renewable energy sources with the main power grids. The rapid development of the HVDC grid has resulted in a growing interest in DC circuit breakers (DCCBs). A fast and reliable circuit breaker is a necessary requirement in the development of large scale HVDC grids. This paper provides a comprehensive review and survey of the HVDC CBs and discusses potential research directions. Operational principles and the main features of various DCCBs are described and their merits and shortcomings are also highlighted.
A novel image augmentation based on statistical shape and intensity models: application to the segmentation of hip bones from CT images
Authors: Schmid Jérôme , Assassi Lazhari , Chênes Christophe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The collection and annotation of medical images are hindered by data scarcity, privacy, and ethical reasons or limited resources, negatively affecting deep learning approaches. Data augmentation is often used to mitigate this problem, by generating synthetic images from training sets to improve the efficiency and generalization of deep learning models.

Methods
We propose the novel use of statistical shape and intensity models (SSIM) to generate augmented images with variety in both shape and intensity of imaged structures and surroundings. The SSIM uses segmentations from training images to create co-registered tetrahedral meshes of the structures and to efficiently encode image intensity in their interior with Bernstein polynomials. In the context of segmentation of hip joint (pathological) bones from retrospective computed tomography images of 232 patients, we compared the impact of SSIM-based and basic augmentations on the performance of a U-Net model.

Results
In a fivefold cross-validation, the SSIM augmentation improved segmentation robustness and accuracy. In particular, the combination of basic and SSIM augmentation outperformed trained models not using any augmentation, or relying exclusively on a simple form of augmentation, achieving Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance of 0.95 [0.93–0.96] and 6.16 [4.90–8.08] mm (median [25th–75th percentiles]), comparable to previous work on pathological hip segmentation.

Conclusions
We proposed a novel augmentation varying both the shape and appearance of structures in generated images. Tested on bone segmentation, our approach is generalizable to other structures or tasks such as classification, as long as SSIM can be built from training data.

Relevance statement
Our data augmentation approach produces realistic shape and appearance variations of structures in generated images, which supports the clinical adoption of AI in radiology by alleviating the collection of clinical imaging data and by improving the performance of AI applications.

Key points
• Data augmentation generally improves the accuracy and generalization of deep learning models.
• Traditional data augmentation does not consider the appearance of imaged structures.
• Statistical shape and intensity models (SSIM) synthetically generate variations of imaged structures.
• SSIM support novel augmentation approaches, demonstrated with computed tomography bone segmentation.

Graphical abstract
Industrial output growth and foreign direct investment in Nigeria
Authors: Keji Sunday Anderu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis research study investigated the nexus between industrial output growth and foreign direct investment in Nigeria. It is a common belief that no nation is an island on its own; hence countries around the globe interchange economic activities across borders via various mutual business indentures. Notably, despite Nigeria’s foreign direct investment level in Africa, the country’s industrial output growth still falls short in recent years. Therefore, it is pertinent in this study to unravel why increasing Foreign Direct Investment inflow brings about slow industrial output growth in Nigeria. Interestingly, Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) and Cointegration and Error Correction Mechanisms (ECM) techniques and diagnostics checks were adopted to investigate whether there is long-run interaction between industrial output growth and foreign direct investments in Nigeria. Notably, post estimations tests were carried out to ascertain the validity of the models adopted in the study. The study showed a short-term and long-term relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Industrial Output Growth in Nigeria. Therefore, FDI disclosed a negative time-path link with industrial output growth in Nigeria. This asserts that Nigeria's current slow output growth contradicts expected economic intuitions due to a negative link between FDI and industrial output growth, all things being equal. Consequently, the study recommended that a proactive policy framework could be used to promote industrialization via localization of industry across Nigeria. Also, policymakers should adopt protectionist international trade laws to expand the local productivity base.
The role of parenting practices in parent and child mental health over time
Authors: Cost Katherine T. , Mudiyanselage Piyumi , Unternaehrer Eva , Korczak Daphne J. , Crosbie Jennifer , Anagnastou Evdokia , Monga Suneeta , Kelley Elizabeth , Schachar Russell , Maguire Jonathon , Arnold Paul , Burton Christie L. , Georgiades Stelios , Nicolson Rob , Birken Catherine S. , Charach Alice 
Published: August 2023

Background
Parent and child mental health has suffered during the pandemic and transition phase. Structured and shared parenting may be intervention targets beneficial to families who are struggling with parent or child mental health challenges.

Aims
First, we investigated associations between structured and shared parenting and parent depression symptoms. Second, we investigated associations between structured and shared parenting and depression, hyperactivity/inattention and irritability symptoms in children.

Method
A total of 1027 parents in two-parent households (4797 observations total; 85.1% mothers) completed online surveys about themselves and their children (aged 2–18 years) from April 2020 to July 2022. Structured parenting and shared parenting responsibilities were assessed from April 2020 to November 2021. Symptoms of parent depression, child depression, child hyperactivity and inattention, child irritability, and child emotional and conduct problems were assessed repeatedly (one to 14 times; median of four times) from April 2020 to July 2022.

Results
Parents who reported higher levels of shared parenting responsibilities had lower depression symptoms (β = −0.09 to −0.32, all P < 0.01) longitudinally. Parents who reported higher levels of shared parenting responsibilities had children with fewer emotional problems (ages 2–5 years; β = −0.07, P < 0.05), fewer conduct problems (ages 2–5 years; β = −0.09, P < 0.01) and less irritability (ages 13–18 years; β = −0.27, P < 0.001) longitudinally. Structured parenting was associated with fewer conduct problems (ages 2–5 years; β = −0.05, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Shared parenting is beneficial for parent and child mental health, even under chaotic or inflexible life conditions. Structured parenting is beneficial for younger children.
Central features in health-related quality of life in older adults: network analysis using nationwide survey data
Authors: Cha Eun Jung , Moon Yeonsil , Ryu Seung-Ho , Jeon Hong Jun 
Published: August 2023

Background
Population ageing is a global phenomenon that necessitates consideration of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults. Previous studies have investigated related factors including mobility, social support and living situations.

Aims
This study aimed to provide a network perspective on factors related to HRQoL.

Method
Cross-sectional nationwide data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2018 to 2020 for network analyses. Data for participants aged 65 years or above were analysed, resulting in a total of 4317 eligible cases. The variables included were EQ-5D (a measure of HRQoL), household income, education, living situation, subjective perceived health, Charlson Comorbidity Index (a measure of medical comorbidities), stress, exercise per week, alcohol consumption and smoking. Three networks were produced: (a) EQ-5D dimensions network, (2) EQ-5D dimensions, lifestyle and psychosocial factors network, and (3) overall EQ-5D index, lifestyle and psychosocial factors network. Node centralities, bridge centralities and edges of the networks were examined.

Results
The most central EQ-5D dimension was the ability to carry out usual activities. In the second network, subjective health, stress and anxiety/depression were revealed as nodes with high bridge centralities. Subjective health, exercise, and Charlson Comorbidity Index were nodes closely linked to the overall EQ-5D index.

Conclusions
The results emphasise the importance of enhancing functional independence and subjective health cognition, increasing routine exercise and reducing stress as targets for interventions to improve HRQoL in older adults.
The Impact of a Crisis Resolution Home Treatment Team on Hospital Admission, Symptom severity and Service User Functioning over Five years
Authors: Crowley S. , McDonagh S. , Carolan D. , O’Connor K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCrisis Resolution Home Treatment Teams (CRHTTs) offer short-term specialist psychiatric input to service users experiencing acute mental illness or crisis in the community. The South Lee CRHTT was setup in 2015.Objectives: Primary objectivesTo evaluate the impact of treatment given by a CRHTT in terms of:1. Preventing hospital admission,2. Impact on service user’s symptoms and overall functioning3. Service user’s satisfaction with the serviceSecondary ObjectivesTo evaluate patient characteristics of those attending the CRHTT, and to assess qualitative data provided by service users using thematic analysis.MethodsAll the service users treated by South Lee CRHTT between 2016-2020 were included in this review. Standardized quantitative measures are routinely taken by the South Lee HBTT before and after treatment. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to measure symptom reduction, and the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HONOS) was used to measure quality of life/health outcomes. The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire- version 8 (CSQ-8) was used to evaluate service user satisfaction quantitatively, and service users were also asked for qualitative data.Results1041 service users were treated by the service, between 2016-2020. Treatment by the CRHTT was shown to be effective across all primary outcome measures. Inpatient admissions in the areas served by the CRHTT fell by 38.5% after its introduction. BPRS scores were reduced significantly (p<.001), from a mean score of 32.01 to 24.64 before and after treatment. Mean HoNOS scores were 13.6 before and 9.1 after treatment (p<.001). Of the 1041 service users receiving the CSQ-8, 180 returned it completed (17.3%). Service users’ median responses were “very positive” on a 4 point-Likert scale to all 8 items on the CSQ-8, and qualitative data were thematically analysed.ConclusionsCRHT was shown to be effective at preventing inpatient admission. CRHT was shown to be an effective option for the treatment of acute mental illness and crisis, using quantitative measures. Feedback gained from service users suggests that overall patient satisfaction with the CRHTT service was high.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Efficacy, safety and methodological quality of light therapy and sleep improvement interventions for people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Skrzypiec D. M. , Helfer B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionLarge proportion of patients with ADHD experience sleep problems. Well conducted, good quality clinical research could identify non-pharmacological sleep improvement interventions that would benefit patients with ADHD and would inform evidence based guidelines for sleep management in ADHD.ObjectivesTo conduct a novel meta-research assessment of available clinical trials in the field of light therapy and non‑pharmacological sleep improvement interventions for people with ADHD.MethodsPeer-reviewed publications of clinical trials were analysed. An advanced literature search strategy was performed in major medical databases, including EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsycINFO. Available data at WHO-approved clinical trial registries were searched and linked to the published literature. Detailed methodological assessment of results was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 2.0 (ROB2), conflict of interest, spin and favourability of findings. Reduction in ADHD symptom severity and improvement of sleep quality served as primary outcomes for the efficacy analysis. Any adverse events were recorded. Statistical analysis of the primary outcomes was conducted by calculating standardised mean difference and transformed as necessary. Publication bias was evaluated with contour enhanced funnel plots and the trim-and-fill procedure, and by summarising unpublished trials.ResultsAnalysed clinical trials often had a high risk of bias (evaluated by the ROB2). The primary outcome interpretation and overall trial conclusions frequently favoured the trial intervention. Clinical trials showed an association between primary outcome effect size and interpretation, and risk of bias. Clinical research in this field faces many of the same challenges identified for complex interventions in mental health, such as small sample size, lack of funding and difficulties with blinding.ConclusionsClinical research regarding light therapy and non‑pharmacological sleep improvement interventions for ADHD patients indicates safety and effectiveness but studies often lack methodological rigour.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared