bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Struggle for coalition‐building: Japan, South Korea, and the Indo‐Pacific
Authors: Koga Kei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne of the most important defining features of Japan's “Free and Open Indo‐Pacific” (FOIP) vision is coalition‐building. Given the Yoon administration's strong political will to commit to the Indo‐Pacific affairs and improve its ties with Japan, can Japan and South Korea finally forge cooperation in the Indo‐Pacific region? I argue that Japan has not incorporated South Korea in its FOIP vision because of four main factors: timing, leadership transition, commitment to regional and global strategic affairs, and differing perspectives on China. Particularly, the negative impact of South Korea's leadership change and its fluctuating commitment to regional and global affairs have nurtured Japan's skepticism toward South Korea's potential role in the Indo‐Pacific region. In this context, the key to overcoming such difficulties and incorporating South Korea into the Indo‐Pacific network depends on the Yoon administration's conceptualization and institutionalization of its Indo‐Pacific strategy and Japan's support for South Korea's current diplomatic activism
Patient preferences for pilonidal sinus treatments: A discrete choice experiment survey
Authors: Wickramasekera Nyantara , Strong Emily , Shackley Philip , Callaghan Tia , Lee Matthew , Hind Daniel , Brown Steven ,   PITSTOP Project Management Group and PITSTOP Collaborators,    
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimA range of treatments are available for pilonidal sinus disease (PSD), each of which has a different risk/benefit profile. The aim of this study was to collect patient views on which interventions they would rather avoid and which outcomes they most value for PSD.MethodWe conducted an online survey using the discrete choice experiment (DCE) method. The DCE task involved participants choosing the best treatment option when presented with a set of competing hypothetical treatment profiles. Participants with symptomatic PSD referred for elective surgery were recruited from 33 National Health Service trusts between 2020 and 2022. Collected DCE data were analysed using regression analyses.ResultsIn all, 111 participants completed the survey. In the overall group, low risk of infection/persistence was the most important characteristic when making a treatment decision (attribute importance score 70%), followed by treatments with shorter recovery time with an attribute importance score of 30%. The results demonstrated that patients are willing to accept trade‐offs between treatment recovery time and risk of infection/persistence. Patients above 30 years old are willing to accept a higher chance of treatment failure in exchange for rapid treatment recovery (risk tolerance between 22.35 and 34.67 percentage points). Conversely, patients in the younger age groups were risk averse and were only willing to accept a small risk of 1.51–2.15 in exchange for a treatment with faster recovery time. All patient groups appear to the reject the excision and leave open technique due to the need for protracted nursing care.ConclusionThis study highlights the need for shared decision making when it comes to surgery for PSD.
Effect of compliance to continuous positive airway pressure on exacerbations, lung function and symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea (overlap syndrome)
Authors: Voulgaris Athanasios , Archontogeorgis Kostas , Anevlavis Stavros , Fanaridis Michail , Froudarakis Marios E. , Schiza Sofia , Steiropoulos Paschalis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatients with overlap syndrome (OS), that is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are at increased risk of acute exacerbations related to COPD (AECOPD). We assessed the effect of CPAP compliance on AECOPD, symptoms and pulmonary function in OS patients.MethodsConsecutive OS patients underwent assessment at baseline and at 12 months under treatment with CPAP of: AECOPD and hospitalizations, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and modified British Medical Research Council (mMRC) questionnaires, pulmonary function testing and 6‐min walking test (6MWT).ResultsIn total, 59 patients (54 males) with OS were followed for 12 months and divided post hoc according to CPAP compliance into: group A with good (≥4 h CPAP use/night, n = 29) and group B with poor (<4 h CPAP use/night, n = 30) CPAP compliance. At 12 months, group A showed improvements in FEV1 (p = 0.024), total lung capacity (p = 0.024), RV/TLC (p = 0.003), 6MWT (p < 0.001) and CAT (p < 0.001). COPD exacerbations decreased in patients with good CPAP compliance from baseline to 12 months (17 before vs. 5 after, p = 0.001), but not in those with poor compliance (15 before vs. 15 after, p = 1). At multivariate regression analysis, COPD exacerbations were associated with poor CPAP compliance (β = 0.362, 95% CI: 0.075–0.649, p = 0.015).ConclusionsWhen compared to poorly compliant patients, OS patients with good CPAP compliance had a lower number of AECOPD and showed improved lung function and COPD related symptoms.
The butterfly effect: Restoring the tricuspid coaptation after clipping the antero‐septal commissure
Authors: Cammalleri Valeria , Neri Giuseppe , Carpenito Myriam , Nusca Annunziata , Grigioni Francesco , Ussia Gian Paolo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEdge‐to‐edge tricuspid transcatheter repair requires extensive echocardiographic planning before the procedure. Sometimes, anatomic features may anticipate a suboptimal result. For this reason, a tailored strategy is the key to the procedural success. We report a case of massive tricuspid regurgitation due to multiple complex mechanisms that was successfully treated by clipping the antero‐septal commissure to restore functional coaptation of the valve leaflets at multiple sites.
Enhanced neutrophil extracellular traps formation in AF patients with dilated left atrium
Authors: Mołek Patrycja , Ząbczyk Michał , Malinowski Krzysztof P. , Natorska Joanna , Undas Anetta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with cardiac remodelling and prothrombotic state. Enhanced neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation has been reported in AF, contributing to thromboembolism.PurposeWe investigated whether increased left atrium (LA) diameter and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) affect NETs formation and prothrombotic state in AF patients.MethodsIn 243 AF patients (median CHA2DS2‐VASc = 4) we measured LA diameter and LVEF, 123 of them with LVEF<50%. Moreover, we determined 3 markers of NETosis: circulating citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), along with prothrombotic markers, including endogenous thrombin potential, plasma fibrin clot permeability (Ks) and clot lysis time (CLT). Ischaemic cerebrovascular events, major bleeding and death were recorded during a median follow‐up of 53 months, on anticoagulation.ResultsLA diameter correlated positively with H3cit, MPO and PAD4, while LVEF was inversely associated with the same NETosis markers. After adjustment for age and body mass index, concentrations of MPO (per 10 units; β = −1.9, 95%CI −3.40;−0.42) and H3cit (per 10 units; β = 2.02, 95%CI 0.61–3.42) were independently associated with LVEF and LA diameter. LA diameter, but not LVEF, correlated inversely with Ks and positively with CLT. The Cox regression analysis revealed that H3cit >6.16 ng/mL (HR = 21.76, 95%CI 2.85–166.28, p = .003) and LA diameter > 46 mm (HR = 2.89, 95%CI 1.04–8.03, p = .043) independently predicted cerebrovascular ischaemic events (1.9%/year).ConclusionsThis hypothesis‐generating study suggests that in AF enlarged LA diameter and reduced LVEF are associated with enhanced NETs formation, which might have clinical importance and contribute to thromboembolic events despite anticoagulation.
TREM2 signalling as a multifaceted player in brain homoeostasis and a potential target for Alzheimer's disease treatment
Authors: Ayyubova Gunel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTriggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐2 (TREM2) has crucial roles in microglial physiology, differentiation, metabolism and survival. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) show that genetic mutations of the TREM2 increase the risk of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) by two to four times, disrupting the microglial function in reducing the progression of the disease. Accumulating data show that TREM2 function in AD is related primarily to the clearance of soluble and insoluble amyloid beta (Aβ42) aggregates from the brain. TREM2 also ameliorates the pathological effects of activated microglia on neuronal tau pathology, demonstrating its protective anti‐inflammatory effects. However, since the excessive activation of TREM2 signalling can inhibit pro‐inflammatory reactions and suppress the role of microglia in immune surveillance, at the late stages of the disease, it might promote immune tolerance, which is detrimental. The contradictory effects of TREM2 mutations on brain amyloidopathy and tauopathy in multiple mouse models, as well as studies revealing various effects of TREM2 overexpression, complicate the understanding of the role that TREM2 plays in AD aetiopathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the latest developments regarding the significance of TREM2 signalling in the stability of microglial pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory activations and propose the mechanisms that should be targeted in the future to treat AD.
Levetiracetam as a first‐line antiseizure medication in WHO grade 2 glioma: Time to seizure freedom and rates of treatment failure
Authors: Fairclough Sam , Goodden John , Chumas Paul , Mathew Ryan , Maguire Melissa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe high seizure burden seen in World Health Association (WHO) grade 2 gliomas is well documented. This study aims to identify factors that influence the probability of seizure freedom (12 months of seizure remission) and treatment failure (antiseizure medication [ASM] cessation or introduction of an alternative) in patients with WHO grade 2 glioma.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational analysis of patients from a regional UK neurosurgical center with histologically proven (n = 146) WHO grade 2 glioma and brain tumor related epilepsy. Statistical analyses using both Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were undertaken, with a particular focus on treatment outcomes when the commonly prescribed ASM levetiracetam (n = 101) is used as first line.ResultsTreatment with levetiracetam as a first‐line ASM resulted in a significant increase in the probability of seizure freedom (p < .05) at 2 years compared with treatment with an alternative ASM. Individuals presenting with focal seizures without bilateral tonic‐clonic progression were between 39% and 42% significantly less likely to reach seizure freedom within 10 years (p < .05) and 132% more likely to fail treatment by 5 years (p < .01) when compared to individuals who had seizures with progression to bilateral tonic‐clonic activity. ASM choice did not significantly affect treatment failure rates.SignificanceMore than two‐thirds of patients with WHO grade 2 glioma related epilepsy treated with levetiracetam first line achieve seizure freedom within 2 years and it is a reasonable first‐choice agent. Experiencing mainly focal seizures without progression infers a significant long‐term reduction in the chance of seizure freedom. Further studies are needed to inform ASM selection.
Bodies in‐between: Religious women's‐only spaces and the construction of liminal identities
Authors: Frenkel Michal , Wasserman Varda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the creation of women‐only organizational spaces as a diversity practice and assesses their potential to facilitate the workforce inclusion of religious women from gender‐conservative groups. Based on longitudinal fieldwork in two ultra‐Orthodox‐Jewish women‐only colleges in Israel and interviews with students and staff, we demonstrate how this practice constitutes three types of liminality—spatial, social, and epistemic—that enable ultra‐Orthodox women to move unimpeded between a familiar, religious environment and a secular one. In this protected and carefully curated environment, they feel safe and are able to develop new identities relevant to the secular labor market while maintaining or even enhancing their traditional, religious sense of self. The liminal space of the college reinforces their sense of belonging to a space of their own and serves as a bridge that helps them cope with the secular world.
Quality of life in Dutch patients with primary biliary cholangitis: Discrepancies between patients’ perspectives and objective disease parameters
Authors: de Veer Rozanne C. , van Hooff Maria C. , da Silva Geraldine , Harms Maren H. , Metselaar Herold J. , Willemse José , Utomo Elaine , van der Meer Adriaan J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study aims to assess the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in a Dutch population of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in relation to the prognosis and need for second line‐therapy, based on both objective disease parameters and patients’ perspectives.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional multicenter study, HRQoL was assessed by using the Dutch PBC‐40 according to objective clinical parameters and patients’ perspectives on treatment and prognosis.ResultsIn total, 178/269 (66%) patients responded; mean age 61.2 (SD 9.9) years and 165 (92.7%) women. The PBC‐40 domain scores did not differ according to the GLOBE score response (p > 0.05 for all) or according to the POISE criteria (p > 0.05), except for the domain itch (p = 0.031). Patients who considered their survival to be impaired scored higher on all domains as compared to those expecting a normal prognosis (p < 0.05). Similarly, PBC‐40 domain scores were higher among patients who considered that they were in need of additional therapy compared to those who did not (p < 0.05 for all, except for domain itch [p = 0.056]). However, 45/62 (72.6%) patients with a self‐expected impaired prognosis had a GLOBE score indicative of a normal prognosis. Twenty‐five of the 40 (62.5%) patients who believed they needed additional therapy were below POISE criteria.ConclusionThe HRQoL of patients with PBC was impaired in terms of nonfavorable disease status according to the expectations of patients, but not according to objective disease parameters. Substantial discrepancies between patients’ perspectives and objective parameters were observed, which highlights the need for better patient guidance among patient with PBC.
Preparation of environmentally friendly high‐emissivity Ca2+‐Fe3+ co‐doped LaAlO3 ceramic
Authors: Wang Qu , Yan Senwang , Dong Binbin , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Qi , Du Penghui , Wang Gang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCa2+‐Cr3+ co‐doped LaAlO3 is an excellent ceramic material with high emissivity; however, it is harmful to the environment because of the presence of Cr3+ ions. In this study, Ca2+‐Fe3+ co‐doped LaAlO3 ceramic materials were successfully prepared via a high‐temperature solid‐state reaction. The emissivity of Ca2+‐Fe3+ co‐doped LaAlO3 was 0.91, which is approximately equal to that of Ca2+‐Cr3+ co‐doped LaAlO3. To compensate for the lack of data on the thermophysical properties of doped LaAlO3 high‐emissivity ceramics, the thermal expansion coefficients and thermal conductivities of LaAlO3 doped with Ca2+‐Fe3+ or Ca2+‐Cr3+ were investigated. The thermal conductivities of La0.9Ca0.1Al0.9Fe0.1O3 and La0.9Ca0.1Al0.9Cr0.1O3 at 1200°C were 3.802 and 3.707 W·m−1·K−1, respectively. The thermal expansion coefficients of La0.9Ca0.1Al0.9Fe0.1O3 and La0.9Ca0.1Al0.9Cr0.1O3 at 1200°C were 11.49×10−6 and 11.41×10−6 K−1, respectively. These results indicate that Ca2+‐Fe3+ co‐doped LaAlO3 exhibits great potential as a new generation of environmentally friendly near‐infrared radiating materials in the field of energy efficiency.
The effect of new and ancestral inbreeding on milk production traits in Iranian Holstein cattle
Authors: Tohidi Reza , Cue Roger I. , Nazari Behrouz Mohammad , Pahlavan Rostam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInbreeding depression, the reduction of fitness and performance, is due to an increase in the mating of related individuals. Based on the purge hypothesis, inbreeding and breeding over generations reduce the effect of deleterious alleles responsible for inbreeding depression. Thus, recent inbreeding is assumed to be more harmful than ancestral inbreeding. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of new and ancestral inbreeding on milk, fat and protein production in Iranian Holstein cattle. The secondary objective was to examine the changes in predicted breeding values when the inbreeding effect was included in the model's analysis. To this end, inbreeding coefficients were calculated using the pedigree of 2,394,517 Holstein cattle to achieve these goals. In addition, 419,132 records of milk, fat and protein yields of first parity cows were collected to assess inbreeding depression and breeding values. The average inbreeding coefficients were 0.83% and 1.68% for the whole population and the inbred animals, respectively. A 1% increase in classical pedigree‐based inbreeding coefficient was associated with a decrease of 11.99 kg in milk, 0.39 kg in fat and 0.29 kg in protein. The effect of ancestral inbreeding was more detrimental to performance traits than the effect of new inbreeding. This result contradicted the hypothesis of purging. By including the inbreeding coefficient in the model, the rank of animals remained unchanged, but the average predicted breeding values increased. In general, inbreeding depression was observed in Iranian Holstein cows; however, no evidence of purging was observed. The average of inbreeding coefficients was not high in this population, although accounting for inbreeding coefficients in the analytical model did significantly increase the predicted breeding values. It is recommended that the analytical model incorporate the inbreeding coefficient to improve the accuracy of genetic evaluation. In future studies, inbreeding depression should be assessed using genomic data for performance and reproduction traits.
Wound healing and microbiome, an unexpected relationship
Authors: Canchy Ludivine , Kerob Delphine , Demessant Ann'Laure , Amici Jean‐Michel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSkin wounds are common and represent a major public health and economical problem, with risks of complications and a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Cutaneous wound healing is a tightly regulated process resulting in the restoration of tissue integrity. Wound healing involves the interaction of several skin, immune and vascular cells, growth factors and cytokines. However, external actors can play an important role in wound healing, such as the skin microbiome, which is the microbial commensal collection of bacteria, fungi and viruses inhabiting the skin. Indeed, recent advances have featured the interactions, within the wound environment, between different microbial species and between microbial species and the host immune system. This article reviews the relationship between the skin microbiome and the wound healing process. Although cutaneous wounds are a potential entry site for infection, the wound microbiome can have either a detrimental or a beneficial role on wound healing. Thus, targeting the skin microbiome could represent an essential part of wound healing management.
Expert recommendations on supportive skin care for non‐surgical and surgical procedures
Authors: Amici Jean‐Michel , Cogrel Olivier , Jourdan Marie , Raimbault Catherine , Canchy Ludivine , Kerob Delphine , Madfes Diane C. , Tian Yan , Araviiskaia Elena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA thorough knowledge of non‐surgical procedures (laser, peelings, injections, threads) and surgical procedures (combined surgeries and skin grafts), including contraindications and potential risks and side effects, (e.g. infection, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and scarring) is essential to be able to reduce their incidence and ensure the patient receives the most benefit from the procedure. Individuals with darker skin and of high Fitzpatrick phototype are at higher risk of dyschromias, notably melasma and post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation, which may be treated using aesthetic procedures but may also arise as a complication of some procedures. A group of experts in cosmetic surgery and dermatology reviewed the published literature and discussed recommendations for optimizing outcomes with practical advice on supportive skincare before, during and after non‐surgical or surgical procedures. A broad‐spectrum sunscreen with a high sun protection factor against UVB and high protection against UVA, especially long UVA, is essential for all treatment modalities for the prevention and potential improvement of pigmentation disorders. Supportive skin care management to prepare, cleanse and protect the skin and post‐procedure skin care with healing and anti‐inflammatory ingredients are recommended to speed up regeneration and wound healing whilst minimizing scarring and downtime. Additionally, adjunctive skin care to procedures with antioxidant, anti‐ageing and lightening properties may enhance skin benefits.
The impact of visible scars on well‐being and quality of life: An international epidemiological survey in adults
Authors: Amici Jean Michel , Taieb Charles , Le Floc’h Caroline , Demessant Ann’Laure , Seité Sophie , Cogrel Olivier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionScars are visible marks from various causes, including surgery, skin injury, burning or dermatological disease, and may impact the quality of life.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of scars on quality of life (QoL).Material and MethodsData about sociodemography, presence, origin, and symptoms of scars were collected using an Internet survey between April and May 2020. Overall, 11,100 individuals answered the survey. In total, 48.5% of the responders had at least one scar of less than 1 year of age. Scars were mainly reported on the abdomen and face. Globally, 28.9% of subjects with recent scars reported pain, 23.7% reported burning, 35.0% reported itching, and 44.1% reported redness. Subjects were most frequently bothered by the visibility of their scars and the presence of marks. Incidences were significantly higher than for those with older scars. The average DLQI score was 7.44; it decreased to 2.90 after 1 year. Subjects with scars aged less than 3 months had their QoL more frequently impacted (33.9%) than those with scars aged 12 months or more (10.2%). In subjects reporting skin discomfort, clinical symptoms significantly impacted body movement, choice of clothes, leisure activities, and sexual life more than in those reporting no skin discomfort. Moreover, subjects felt significantly more impacted in their daily lives due to their skin discomfort. When feeling bothered by the visibility of their scars, significantly more subjects were also impacted in their body movement, choice of clothes, leisure activities, and sexual life than those subjects who did not feel bothered. Moreover, significantly more subjects felt embarrassed.ConclusionScars significantly impact the subjects' quality of life. This impact is even more important when caused by recent and visible scars, with a lower DLQI score in subjects with more aged than in those with recent scars.