bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dutch Pharmacist in Early Modern Rome
Authors: Golvers Noël 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Accademia dei Lincei functioned through the activities and publications of its appointed members, but also through associated collaborators, who themselves profited from the Lincean network. One of these para-Lynceans was Enrico Corvino, a Roman speziale and botanist of great renown. In this paper I look for the testimonies on Corvino’s active and passive network throughout Italy and part of Europe, which was created during visits from foreign apprentices/specialists to his pharmacopolium (pharmacy) and his hortus (on the Gianicolo), and through a correspondence now largely lost; the networking consisted in the exchange of information, but especially in the sending of seeds (semi; campioni) and plants, all this in close collaboration with his son Francesco, who after his father’s death (1639) pursued his work until he died (1679) and his daughter Maddalena, a gifted miniaturist, who produced designs of the plants, a parallel way of irradiation of the Hortus Corvinus and its plants. This original tracking through contemporary European sources reveals many direct and indirect, and so far unknown, connections with prominent European scholars. It also shows a clearer picture of the Roman speziale’s network, started in collaboration with the Accademia, but largely exceeding it after its end in 1630.
Depicting Race
Authors: de Jonge Hans Laurens 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the background and historical context of a newly discovered mid-nineteenth-century portrait of Aquasi Boachi and Kwame Poku, two princes from present-day Ghana who came to the Netherlands in 1837. The portrait—recently acquired by Rijksmuseum Boerhaave—appears to originate from the collection of the Dutch naturalist and physical anthropologist Jan van der Hoeven (1801–1868) the author of one of the fist books on the anthropology of African people to be published in the Netherlands (1842). I will show the portrait was part of a broader anthropological collection, which—apart from a large number of “national skulls”—included “characteristic portraits” of various human races, including Africans. I describe what role the portrait played in Van der Hoeven’s collection and how it reveals deeply held convictions of Van der Hoeven and contemporaries about the fundamental “otherness” of the African race.
“The Lute of Wisdom”
Authors: Veronesi Umberto , Hanß Stefan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article is the first interdisciplinary study of excavated early modern lute, a paste that alchemists wrapped around vessels, contextualising its relevance for the history of science. We explore the material epistemology of the alchemical laboratory by opening a conversation between archaeological sciences and the history of the body, medicine, and science. In an age that valued embodied epistemologies, we argue, medicine mattered for cultures of making and affected alchemists’ material practices. This article combines the scientific analysis of luted glass remains from the sixteenth century Oberstockstall alchemical laboratory in Kirchberg am Wagram, Lower Austria, with the in-depth study of recipe collections, alchemical, botanical, medical, and metallurgical treatises, and visual sources. Based on this methodology, we argue that the alchemist’s material practices were strongly linked to early modern Paracelsian thought and medical understandings of the body. In methodological terms, this article shifts boundaries between historians, archaeologists, and materials scientists.
‘I’m Interviewing a Sheep’
Authors: Pullum Lindsey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this article, I summarize the state of Arabic (as a medium and a message) in Israeli state media and compare attitudes towards the Arabic language with content from the popular bilingual (Arabic-Hebrew) sitcom written and created by a Palestinian-Israeli writer, Sayed Kashua. I argue that Kashua’s work in his show, Arab Labor, reiterates poor attitudes towards Arabic and foreshadows the ethnolinguistic erasure of Israel’s Nation-State Law of 2018. Using humor and satire within its content, context and dialogue, the show draws attention to growing disparities and impossibilities in Palestinian life throughout Israel and emerges as an intertextual resource for commentary and recreating conditions of Palestinian existence.
Corona-Jihad Memes: The Shifting Iconology of Islamophobia from Hindu Nationalists
Authors: Sen Moumita 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article analyses the visual rhetoric of anti-Muslim imagery in the memetic internet cultures generated by Indian users, as well as the transnational iconology of terror that the Muslim male body is made to embody. The core problem the article addresses is located at the intersection of three crucial contemporary challenges: the global pandemic, rising global anti-Muslim ideology, and the role of socially mediated popular political imagery. Here, I look at corona-jihad memes – a subset of anti-Muslim popular imagery made viral through social media. These images illustrated the fake news spread globally, connecting Indian Muslims with the pandemic. Here, I show the strategies of representation used by Hindu nationalist users to create an iconology – or a mode of recognition – for the Muslim male as the threatening and dehumanised other, through a process of mimicry, counter-influence, translation, and flow in a rich intermedial world of transnational imagery.
Islam in the News: Persistent yet Changing Characterisations
Authors: Hopner Veronica , Hodgetts Darrin , Nelson Nick , Battersby John 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Islam and Muslim people feature regularly in news coverage internationally and in Aotearoa New Zealand. Previous research shows a dominant tendency towards the perpetuation of stereotypes of Muslim people as threats to society. Although such international trends are also evident in news items produced in Aotearoa New Zealand, there are also alternative and more positive depictions. Using Newztext Plus to find 583 New Zealand – produced news items and press releases from the Muslim community for the period 2013 to 2018, this article documents the mediated depiction of Muslim people and Islam, intergroup relations with non-Muslim groups, and the range of contemporary issues that were covered. Findings are presented in three interrelated sections: (1) positive and inclusive depictions evident through the lens of peace, tolerance, and inclusivity; (2) persistently negative stereotypes through the lens of violence and terrorism; (3) the contestation of negative depictions by Muslim leaders and inter-faith allies. This article sets the groundwork to foreground some of the complexities around positive and negative depictions of Islam in news coverage leading up to the Christchurch terror attacks. Future research will explore if and how depictions change in light of the events of March 15, 2019.
“Covered, Not Bound”: Young Dawoodi Bohra Women’s Self-Representation and Agency through the Online Website Mighzal
Authors: Hussain Arwa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mighzal, an online website managed by a team of young Bohra women from various parts of the world, is an online blog/space that is meant to “reflect the myriad dreams, concerns, and preoccupations of practicing Dawoodi Bohra women”. This paper will examine the various blogs, art, and pieces on Mighzal and the profile of its core team members, using digital ethnography and participant observation, to ask how young Dawoodi Bohra women are actively participating in the creation of their own discourses while negotiating and questioning discourses of gender and religious stereotyping that they encounter in their daily lives. How do these representations contribute to the creation of a unique form of agency? How have these spaces enabled them to assert their identities and distinct modes of dress? This paper also draws on the author’s own encounter with these online spaces, and the questions that have been posed here, as a practicing member of the community.
When Space Is to Be Shared
Authors: Kühle Lene 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Shiʿa Muslims constitute 10–15% of Danish Muslims, but until recently they lacked public visibility. Within the last decade, the number of Shiʿa mosques and other places of worship in Denmark has doubled, but the change in terms of the group’s public presence is even more significant than this. This article compares Denmark’s leading Shiʿa organisation with its Sunni counterpart in terms of the physical presence of places of worship and participation in public life. It discusses based on the concept of public religion (Casanova 1994) how Shiʿa Muslims have become the most visible representative of Islam in Denmark due to a mix of factors.
For the Greater Good: Common Goals and Institutional Sunni–Shiʿa Cooperation in Norway
Authors: Elgvin Olav 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Under what circumstances do Sunni and Shiʿa organisations enter into institutional cooperation with each other? This article explores this question through a study of Muslim institutional cooperation in Norway from the late 1980s to the late 2010s, based on both archival sources and qualitative interviews. This period witnessed at first a very tight cooperation between Sunni and Shiʿa organisations, before the cooperation collapsed in the 1990s. In the 2010s Sunnis and Shiʿa again started to cooperate closely. The article seeks to interpret this development through the theory of superordinate or common goals or uniting against a third party. Sunnis seemed to invite the Shiʿa in when they had a clear common goal in the form of an external threat. Even though conditions vary, I argue that this mechanism may have played a role in the development of cooperation between Sunni and Shiʾa organisations in other countries as well.
Sunni–Shi‘a Relations in Europe
Authors: Corboz Elvire 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The overall intention of the special issue ‘The Dynamics of Sunni–Shi‘a Relations in Europe’ is to call for a new research initiative aimed at establishing the significance of European Muslim-minority contexts for the study of Sunni–Shi‘a dynamics. This article outlines the potential to contribute to the scholarship on sectarianism and the literature on Muslims in Europe. While also previewing the five articles included in the special issue, it proposes a framework to unpack the diverse nature and complex shaping of Sunni–Shi‘a relations in European contexts.
The Formation of Kazakh Officialdom and Its Incorporation into the Russian Imperial System of Administration
Authors: Uderbaeva Saule K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the processes taking place in the formation of a Kazakh bureaucratic elite and its integration into the Russian imperial system of administration. It developed due to certain changes in the social structure of Kazakh society during the second half of the 19th-early 20th centuries. As a new class of Kazakh officials was created, most of them became faithful executors of Russian imperial policies in the steppe. The state encouraged the activities of all kinds of Kazakh officials with awards commensurate to their rank. However, only a few of these Kazakh officials had high-achieving careers. The analysis here focuses on the biographies of the sultans Ghazi (Ghazy) Bulatovich Valikhanov, and Ish Muhamed Suyuk-ogly Abylaikhanov, which illustrate the predominance of those with illustrious origins being among the prominent Kazakh employees of that time.
Turkestan’s Place in the Russian Empire
Authors: Khalid Adeeb 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article examines Turkestan’s position in the tsarist empire to argue that it was a distinctly colonial territory, directly comparable to the overseas colonies of other contemporary empires and less like other older parts of the Russian empire. This article locates Turkestan’s coloniality not in formal structures, but in its immense distance — moral, political and legal — from the metropolis and the imperial authorities’ use of Islam as a marker of immutable difference.
Semirechensk Cossacks in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries: from Military Class to Ethnic Group
Authors: Bizhigitova Karlygash S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article discusses issues related to the history of the Semirechensk Cossacks during the 19th and 20th centuries. The author focuses on the problem of the transformation of the identity of the Cossacks during this period. The author makes an attempt to show how, under the influence of various factors and conditions, the Cossacks passed a difficult and contradictory path: from a military, privileged class in the Tsarist period to an ethnic minority, then dissolution among the Russian ethnos in the Soviet epoch, and at the end of the 20th century their pursuit to be an ethno-cultural community. According to the author, the self-identification of the Cossacks and their external identification by the state did not always coincide in different historical periods. There were periods when self-identification and external identification of the Cossacks did not contradict each other and, on the contrary, there were moments when the state, based on its interests and goals, acted as a determining force influencing the formation of the group identity of the Cossacks, using various mechanisms and tools.
The Turkestan Statute and the Reorganization of Administrative Divisions in Central Asia, 1886-1917: a Case Study of Jizzakh District
Authors: Bazarbaev Akmal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For both political and economic reasons, the Russian Empire sought to establish administrative units in Central Asia based on taxonomic principles relating to governmental control, taxation, and land use. From the first years after the conquest, the colonial authorities introduced various new types of political divisions in the region. But the most foundational step in this process was the Turkestan Statute of 1886, which formally enumerated the requirements and naming conventions for establishing official administrative units. It is clear from the available sources that, before the 1886 statute, colonial efforts to establish administrative control, taxation, and regulated land use were sporadic and imprecise at best. For this reason, the Turkestan statute pressured colonial administrators to reconstitute administrative units that did not meet the requirements of the new Russian statutes. In this respect, the colonial officials tried to find a balance between the law and political-economic interests in reorganizing political divisions. This paper examines the reasons for the rearrangement of administrative units and the differences between the law and the bureaucratic views of colonial officials in this process. Its primary objective is to delineate ways in which colonial administrators used laws to consolidate administrative control, taxation, and land use in the process of redistribution of administrative-territorial units. My argument is that colonial officials implemented reorganization in some administrative units but not in others: in some cases, redistribution took place in administrative units that did not meet the political and economic interests of the colonial authorities, or colonial officials flouted the law altogether. In other cases, the colonial administration did not engage in redistribution of administrative units that did not pose a problem in governance and tax collection despite the fact that they were in violation of the requirements of the Turkestan statute.
The Social Status of Muslim Women in Turkestan before and after Russian Colonization
Authors: O’rinovna Hidirova Nargiza 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article provides a historical review of some facts to reveal, in general terms, the place of Muslim women in Turkestan, including their roles in family and society during the pre-colonial period. As a result of the conquest of Central Asia by the Russian Empire and the establishment of the Governorate-General of Turkestan, the Russian administration began to consider the issues of Muslim women as an important aspect of its colonial policy. The Russian colonial authorities were attentive to this issue in order to strengthen their position in the region and weaken the influence of Islam among the local (mostly sedentary) population. Representatives of the colonial administration tried to influence Muslim women through intermediaries in the form of educated Russian, Tatar, and Jewish women. By comparing two periods at the start and end of the Russian imperial era, it is possible to see the image of a Muslim woman at various stages of history.
Nallino in Iran. La ricezione degli avanzamenti scientifici di Carlo Alfonso Nallino (1872-1937)
Authors: Ghassemlou Farid 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Al momento della stesura di questo articolo sono trascorsi circa ottantacinque anni da quando i risultati delle ricerche del grande orientalista Carlo Alfonso Nallino sono stati ricordati per la prima volta in Iran in lingua persiana. Quelle prime citazioni in un testo in lingua persiana facevano riferimento alle opinioni di Nallino sulla storia dell’astronomia in età islamica. In seguito, con il passare del tempo, i riferimenti a Nallino in persiano si faranno più numerosi, riguardando le sue ricerche sulla storia dell’astronomia d’età islamica, sulla storia della filosofia islamica e sulla storia della lingua araba. Il ricorso agli studi di Nallino in Iran non si è limitato al solo XX secolo, ma è proseguito anche nel XXI, con particolare attenzione alle sue ricerche nel campo della storia dell’astronomia islamica, citate sovente nella pubblicistica in lingua persiana, dove Nallino viene ricordato con grande ammirazione per l’elevato livello scientifico dei suoi lavori. Almeno uno dei suoi articoli e uno dei suoi saggi sono stati tradotti integralmente in lingua persiana.
The Dilemma of Consent to International Arbitration in Investment Agreements without a Forum
Authors: Tupa Fernando 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This monograph addresses the sometimes overlooked yet fundamental principle that consent to international arbitration is forum-specific, and explores its significance and practical consequences in investment arbitration. This monograph contends that if there is no arbitral forum mentioned in the relevant dispute settlement provision of an investment agreement, the forum specified therein becomes unavailable for some reason, or a subsequent agreement on a forum is required between the parties to the dispute, there is only consent “in principle” to international arbitration in the investment agreement. Such expression of “consent” is unenforceable and ineffective, which means that a foreign investor would not be entitled to unilaterally initiate an investment claim against the host State under said agreement absent a subsequent agreement between the foreign investor and the host State on an arbitral forum. This monograph also shows that there is an explicit requirement of a forum-specific consent in the arbitral rules of the often-used arbitral institutions. In addition, the most-favored nation clause in investment agreements could not be applied to overcome the lack of forum in dispute settlement provisions. Finally, this monograph proposes possible avenues to tackle the absence of an agreed-upon forum in an investor-State dispute settlement provision, draws some conclusions and warns against the dangerous consequences of ignoring this basic principle.
Youth Comparsas in Valparaíso (Chile): Artivism, Performativity and Repertoire of Ecological Political Action
Authors: Bronfman Paulina , Alvarez Ricardo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Comparsas are known as group of people dressed in a similar way who participate in carnivals playing music, dancing and representing something. In Latin America the term was used for group of performers in urban carnivals in places such as Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Montevideo (Uruguay) in xix century, including Afro rhythms. These comparsas porteñas have been the main influence for youth comparsas formed in Valparaíso Region in Chile during this century who have identified with the demands of public education and ecological claims.
This paper explores and analyses if these comparsas from Valparaíso can be viewed as a form of artivism considering their aesthetic, performative and ecological political demands as repertoire of action, analysing one of them (Conga Comparsa La Kalle) as a case study. Furthermore, this paper will seek to understand the intersections between youth artivism, music and performativity within a history of environmental movements and demands in Chile.
Insularity and Musical Horizons in Madagascar. Local Networks, Global Connection and Vice Versa
Authors: Mallet Julien 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In Madagascar, musical genres that were previously exclusively regional have been broadcast nationwide for a few years. One of the notable changes concerning representations lies in the transition from identity referents linked to regional and/or ethnic affiliations to referents (assigned by the capital’s media) belonging to a globalizing register: mafana music (“hot music”).
Artists, taken in this category, have migrated to the capital and are building new musical forms combining regional or ethnic repertoires and international modern forms, in particular by affirming and claiming a Black belonging through borrowings from modern African and North American musical genres.
The article will focus on reflecting on globalization as a horizon. An alarming economic reality, an unequal social order, strong relations of domination and dependence at the local, national and global levels, are realities that strongly mark Madagascar. However, we will see how the actors of the music studied come in part and in their own way to challenge this context by an original local/global articulation. From the so-called mafana music we will see how local music genres were formed and have built meaning by connecting to global horizons.
Carried in part by young women from dominated regions and marginalized communities and who have become stars, this phenomenon refers to multiple imaginaries. It is among other things to be understood in a context of inter-ethnic relations at the national level, inherited from the colonial system and mobilizing stereotyped representations between merina (historically dominant ethnic group, of the capital) and coastal, through oppositions “white” / “black”, “Asian type” / “African type”, “civilized” / “savage”, unbridled /measured sexuality... The article will focus on analyzing the processes of positive reappropriation of these stereotypes (transition from the status of black women / coastal mainty to that of national black stars) and the articulation of the phenomenon to new regional (Indian Ocean) and international (France) mobilities through community networks that are set up via the diaspora and the internet (Youtube, Facebook).
At the heart of identity reformulations, these musics shake up categories and the established order. Taken in emerging markets, deploying through new networks and circulations from below, they are at the center of contemporary mutations where insularity and expanded horizons are entangled.