bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Disordered Eating Among a Sample of Indian Adolescents: The Role of Online Activity, Social Anxiety and Social Support
Authors: Piko Bettina F. , Patel Kosha , Kiss Hedvig 
Published: April 2023

Background: Although the concept of a slim body was first introduced in Western societies, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating became a globalized issue, and appeared in India and other Asian cultures as well. However, we know much less about the background variables in this region. Aim: To further examine potential risk and protective factors for disordered eating, we aimed to detect the role of online activity (smartphone addiction, time spent online), social anxiety and social support as well as Body Mass Index (BMI), academic performance, and sociodemographics in elevating the risk of disordered eating among a sample of Indian adolescents. Methods: This study employed 112 high school students (aged between 14–18 years; mean age = 16.01 years; SD = 1.08; 47.3% females) from a private high school located in Vadodara, India. Besides sociodemographics, weight and height (Body Mass Index, BMI), academic performance, and average screen time on weekdays/weekends) were asked. We used four different instruments for exploring the psychological variables: Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV), The Kutcher Generalized Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (K-GSADS-A), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: Using a cut-off score of 20 points, 9.8% of the students were evaluated as being at risk for disordered eating. Besides time spent online on weekdays, smartphone addiction, social anxiety and avoidance, and higher BMI scores elevated the risk of disordered eating in bivariate logistic regressions, while social support served as a protection. In the final multivariate model, only two factors remained significant contributors: being online on weekdays (risk) and being online on weekends (protection). Conclusion: These findings highlight the different roles of Internet use in the risk of disordered eating (weekdays: risky, weekend: protective) among this sample of Indian adolescents which can be explained by a possible shift in students’ social connections (from peers to family) during the different period of the week.
The Use of Biomarkers in Pharmacovigilance: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Salas Maribel , Gossell-Williams Maxine , Yalamanchili Priyanka , Dhingra Sameer , Malikova Marina A , Aimer Omar , Junaid Toluwalope 
Published: April 2023

Background: The use of biomarkers varies from disease etiognosis and diagnosis to signal detection, risk prediction, and management. Biomarker use has expanded in recent years, however, there are limited reviews on the use of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance and specifically in the monitoring and management of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Objective: The objective of this manuscript is to identify the multiple uses of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance irrespective of the therapeutic area. Design: This is a systematic review of the literature. Data Sources and Methods: Embase and MEDLINE database searches were conducted for literature published between 2010-March 19, 2021. Scientific articles that described the potential use of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance in sufficient detail were reviewed. Papers that did not fulfill the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) definition of a biomarker were excluded, which is based on the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH)−E16 guidance. Results: Twenty-seven articles were identified for evaluation. Most articles involved predictive biomarkers (41%), followed by safety biomarkers (38%), pharmacodynamic/response biomarkers (14%), and diagnostic biomarkers (7%). Some articles described biomarkers that applied to multiple categories. Conclusion: Various categories of biomarkers including safety, predictive, pharmacodynamic/response, and diagnostic biomarkers are being investigated for potential use in pharmacovigilance. The most frequent potential uses of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance in the literature were the prediction of the severity of an ADR, mortality, response, safety, and toxicity. The safety biomarkers identified were used to evaluate patient safety during dose escalation, identify patients who may benefit from further biomarker testing during treatment, and monitor ADRs.
Employment status, productivity loss, and associated factors among people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rodriguez Llorian Elisabet , Zhang Wei , Khakban Amir , Michaux Kristina , Patten Scott , Traboulsee Anthony , Oh Jiwon , Kolind Shannon , Prat Alexandre , Tam Roger , Lynd Larry D 
Published: April 2023

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) affects people in their most productive years of life. Consequently, MS can substantially affect employment and work-related outcomes. Objectives: This study characterizes productivity loss and employment status of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and investigates associated factors. Methods: We used baseline data collected as part of the Canadian Prospective Cohort Study to Understand Progression in Multiple Sclerosis (CanProCo). Using the Valuation of Lost Productivity questionnaire, we measured MS-related paid work productivity loss for those employed, productivity losses incurred by those unemployed (i.e. lost employment time), and unpaid work productivity losses for all. A set of sociodemographic, disease, and performance-related factors were investigated using a two-part regression model for productivity loss and a multinomial logistic model for employment status. Results: From the cohort of 888 pwMS enrolled at baseline (mostly showing mild to moderate disability), 75% were employed, and of those unemployed, 69% attributed their unemployment to health-related issues. Total productivity loss over a 3-month period averaged 64 and 395 hours for those employed and unemployed, respectively. Some factors that affected productivity loss and employment status included use of disease-modifying therapies, fatigue, and performance indicators such as cognitive processing speed. Conclusion: Productivity loss experienced by employed and unemployed pwMS is substantial. Targeting the identified modifiable factors is likely to improve work productivity and permanence of MS patients in the workforce.
Fabrication of flexible and durable functional fabric with high electromagnetic shielding performances based on MXene
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Jin Yuhua , Wang Lili , Wu Shiwen , Wang Yijia , Wu Minghua 
Published: April 2023

The functional fabric with high electromagnetic shielding (EMI) performance, durability as well as good handle has been drawing increasing attention. Herein, AgNPs@MXene of high conductivity was prepared by in-situ reduction of AgNO3 onto MXene. Then, boron-enhanced AgNPs@MXene-PDA coating fabric (BAMP-F) of high properties was fabricated through polydopamine (PDA) coating, AgNPs@MXene assembly, and finally sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7) densification. Results showed that the surface resistivity of AgNPs@MXene arrived at 7.22 × 10−4 Ω·m and decreased by one order in comparison with pure MXene. After 0.6 mol/L PDA coating, AgNPs@MXene deposition for 6 times, and 0.02 mol/L Na2B4O7 densification, the surface resistivity of BAMP-F reached 7.08 × 10−3 Ω·m and its EMI values of one layer attained 34.51 dB. Compared with AgNPs@MXene-PDA coating fabric (AMP-F), the electrical conductivity of BAMP-F improved by 47.6 % and its electromagnetic shielding performance increased by 42.8 %. BAMP-F possessed good handle and maintained excellent EMI performance after bending for 600 times, washing for 60 min, and tearing.
Colchicine in High-risk Patients with Acute Minor-to-moderate Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (CHANCE-3): Rationale and design of a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yongjun , Li Jiejie , Johnston S Claiborne , Hankey Graeme J , Easton J Donald , Meng Xia , Shi Fu-Dong , Wang Yilong , Zhao Xingquan , Li Zixiao , Liu Liping , Gu Hongqiu , Jiang Yong , Wang Anxin , Pan Yuesong , Jing Jing , Niu Siying , Li Hao 
Published: April 2023

Background: Anti-inflammatory therapy using colchicine has reduced recurrent vascular events in patients with coronary heart disease. Design: Colchicine in High-risk Patients with Acute Minor-to-moderate Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (CHANCE-3) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial, in which 8,238 patients with acute minor-to-moderate ischemic stroke (NIHSS ⩽ 5) or high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA) (ABCD2 score ⩾4) and a high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) level of ⩾2 mg/L will be randomly assigned within 24 h of symptom onset to colchicine (1 mg daily on days 1–3, followed by 0.5 mg daily for a total of 90 days) or matching placebo, on a background of optimal medical therapy. The study will have 90% power to detect a 25% reduction in the primary efficacy outcome of any stroke within 3 months of randomization. Adverse events potentially related to the use of colchicine will also be analyzed. The primary analysis will be by intention to treat. Trial registry name: Colchicine in High-risk Patients with Acute Minor-to-moderate Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (CHANCE-3); URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05439356?cond=CHANCE-3&draw=2&rank=1 ; Registration number: NCT05439356.
Traumatic hip dislocations in a pediatric cohort: The importance of advanced imaging
Authors: Yang Daniel , Lee Julianna , Orellana Kevin , Batley Morgan , Syed Akbar Nawaz , Sankar Wudbhav 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Given that pediatric traumatic hip dislocations are relatively rare, the purpose of the current study is twofold: first, to contribute a significant cohort to the existing corpus, and second, to provide evidence toward the role that computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging could play in identification and management of this type of injury. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients with traumatic hip dislocation who presented from 2012 to 2022 at a tertiary-level pediatric trauma center. Data regarding demographics, mechanism of injury, imaging, and treatment were tabulated. Outcomes of interest included immobilization length, concomitant injuries, imaging performed and findings, and rates of avascular necrosis, pain, and stiffness. Concomitant injuries were identified using imaging, clinical, and operative notes. Differences between categorical variables were compared using chi-square analysis or Fischer-exact testing, while continuous variables were compared using Student t tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests when appropriate. Results: Thirty-four patients were identified. Postreduction, 28 patients had a cumulative 17 magnetic resonance imaging, 19 computed tomographies, and 1 intraoperative arthrogram. Of these, 16 patients had 19 injuries identified on advanced imaging that were missed on initial radiographs. Eleven of these patients went on to operative treatment. In eight of these, postreduction advanced imaging helped guide the decision for surgery. In four patients, magnetic resonance imaging was necessary to fully characterize injury to the posterior acetabular rim after initial identification on computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging was also used to rule out one computed tomography-diagnosed acetabular fracture. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is valuable to fully define associated rim and intra-articular injuries following initial treatment of pediatric traumatic hip dislocations. Level of evidence: Level IV diagnostic study.
The Wait Time for Surgery Following Injury Affects Functional Outcomes and Complications After an Ankle Fracture: A Propensity Score–Matched Multicenter Study, the TRON Study
Authors: Sugino Takayuki , Takegami Yasuhiko , Bando Kosuke , Sato Toshifumi , Fujita Tomoki , Oka Yoshiharu , Imagama Shiro 
Published: April 2023

Background The present study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that a 1-week extension of the waiting period to perform surgery for ankle fracture might affect postoperative results and complications. Methods We used our multicenter database named TRON (Trauma Research Group of Nagoya). In all, 779 patients who underwent surgery for ankle fracture, who had no comorbidities were eligible. After exclusion, we analyzed 596 patients. We divided the patients into 2 groups according to whether they were operated on within 7 days after the injury with propensity score matching. Results The operative time of the delayed operation group (DO group) was significantly longer than that of the early operation group (EO group) (115.87 ± 56.59 vs 85.93 ± 34.58 minutes; P < .001). The rate of infection in the DO group was significantly higher than that of the EO group (16 patients [6.5%] vs 4 patients [1.6%]; P = .016). Conclusion Waiting for more than a week to perform ankle surgery may lead to longer operative times and increased infection rates. Levels of Evidence: III
Is Using the Harmonic Scalpel Better than Conventional Hemostasis in Neck Dissection? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hameed Ishaque , Khan Mohammad Omer , Samad Syed Abdus , Mahmood Samar , Siddiqui Omer Mustafa , Hameed Indallah , Nashit Muhammad , Iqbal Ayman , Marsia Shayan , Al Shetawi Al Haitham 
Published: April 2023

Study Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective The clinical decision to pursue harmonic scalpel (HS) method vs conventional hemostasis to treat head and neck cancers has been arguably predicated on the clinical outcomes observed. This study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes of neck dissection between both techniques and perform an updated meta-analysis using the available literature. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library through 31st December 2021, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Outcome metrics included operative time and intraoperative blood loss. Secondary outcomes consisted of length of hospital stay, length of drain stay, total drain output, and postoperative complications. A meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager Version 5.3 (RevMan) software employing the Random Effects Model. Results We identified 114 articles, out of which 10 randomized control trials (RCTs) analyzing a combined total of 558 patients met the inclusion criteria after title and full-text screening. Meta-analysis shows the group treated with HS had a significantly shorter operative time. [MD = −23.21, 95% CI (−34.30, −12.12) P value <.0001 I2 = 92%] but an insignificant lesser intraoperative blood loss [MD = −61.53, 95% CI (−88.61, −34.45) P < .00001 I2 = 79%]. Conclusions This study confirms that that HS use in neck dissection yields a reduced operative time and intra operative blood loss relative to conventional hemostasis. Furthermore, our paper shows no superiority of HS method over conventional hemostasis where length of hospital stays, length of drain stays, and postoperative complications are concerned. Future RCTs with high-level evidence may further elucidate the relative effectiveness of HS method over conventional hemostasis in treating head and neck cancers.
Sensing probation in Canada: Notes on affect and penal aesthetics in risk assessment
Authors: Taylor Micheal P. 
Published: April 2023

Based on 6 years of probation practitioner experience in a metropolis of Canada, I provide an autoethnographic account reflecting on my fieldwork as I now commence doctoral studies. Contributing to discussions of experience in the penal atmosphere, I explore personal ethics and values, looking specifically to LSI-R software, where my experience with risk-based programming indicates a subjugation of both supervisees and supervisors. Studying penal aesthetics within the version of the software I used to assess criminogenic risk thus elucidates why evaluators tend to score their risk ratings upward rather than downward. Implications for a desistance paradigm are juxtaposed to the RNR model of offender management, where sensing visual and haptic stimuli pertains to an algorithmic governance mode limiting human connection. I conclude by reflecting on organisational values and behaviour to indicate where therapeutic alliances with criminalised people intersect criminalisation and desistance.
Advances in terahertz metasurface graphene for biosensing and application
Authors: Bi Hao , Yang Maosheng , You Rui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBased on the extraordinary electromagnetic properties of terahertz waves, such as broadband, low energy, high permeability, and biometric fingerprint spectra, terahertz sensors show great application prospects in the biochemical field. However, the sensitivity of terahertz sensing technology is increasingly required by modern sensing demands. With the development of terahertz technology and functional materials, graphene-based terahertz metasurface sensors with the advantages of high sensitivity, fingerprint identification, nondestructive and anti-interference are gradually gaining attention. In addition to providing ideas for terahertz biosensors, these devices have attracted in-depth research and development by scientists. An overview of graphene-based terahertz metasurfaces and their applications in the detection of biochemical molecules is presented. This includes sensor mechanism research, graphene metasurface index evaluation, protein and nucleic acid sensors, and other chemical molecule sensing. A comparative analysis of graphene, nanomaterials, silicon, and metals to develop material-integrated metasurfaces. Furthermore, a brief summary of the main performance results of this class of devices is presented, along with suggestions for improvements to the existing shortcoming.
Construction of an RNA modification-related gene predictive model associated with prognosis and immunity in gastric cancer
Authors: Tuhongjiang Airexiati , Wang Feng , Zhang Chengrong , Pang Sisi , Qu Yujiang , Feng Bo , Amuti Gulimire 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related fatalities worldwide, and its progression is associated with RNA modifications. Here, using RNA modification-related genes (RNAMRGs), we aimed to construct a prognostic model for patients with GC.

Methods
Based on RNAMRGs, RNA modification scores (RNAMSs) were obtained for GC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and were divided into high- and low-RNAMS groups. Differential analysis and weighted correlation network analysis were performed for the differential expressed genes (DEGs) to obtain the key genes. Next, univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to obtain the model. According to the model risk score, samples were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Enrichment analysis and immunoassays were performed for the DEGs in these groups. Four external datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus data base were used to test the accuracy of the predictive model.

Results
We identified SELP and CST2 as key DEGs, which were used to generate the predictive model. The high-risk group had a worse prognosis compared to the low-risk group (p < 0.05). Enrichment analysis and immunoassays revealed that 144 DEGs related to immune cell infiltration were associated with the Wnt signaling pathway and included hub genes such as ELN. Overall mutation levels, tumor mutation burden, and microsatellite instability were lower, but tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion scores were greater (p < 0.05) in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. The validation results showed that the prediction model score can accurately predict the prognosis of GC patients. Finally, a nomogram was constructed using the risk score combined with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with GC.

Conclusion
This risk score from the prediction model related to the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy could accurately predict the overall survival of GC patients.
Differences in gut microbiota and its metabolic function among different fasting plasma glucose groups in Mongolian population of China
Authors: Liu Yanchao , Wang Mingxiao , Li Wuyuntana , Gao Yumin , Li Hailing , Cao Ning , Hao Wenli , Zhao Lingyan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Many studies reported the association between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), but it is still unclear which bacterial genus plays a key role and how the metabolic function of gut microbiota changes in the occurrence and development of T2D. Besides, there is a high diabetic prevalence in Mongolian population, which may be partly affected by their high calorie diet. This study identified the main bacterial genus influencing T2D in Mongolian population, and analyzed the changes of metabolic function of gut microbiome. The association between dietary factors and the relative abundance of main bacterial genus and its metabolic function was also studied.

Methods
Dietary surveys and gut microbiota test were performed on 24 Mongolian volunteers that were divided into T2D (6 cases), PRET2D (6 cases) and Control group (12 cases) according to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) values. The relative abundance and metabolic function of gut microbiome from their fecal samples were measured by metagenomic analysis. Statistic method was used to evaluate the association between dietary factors and the relative abundance of the main bacterial genus or its metabolic function.

Results
This study found that the Clostridium genus may be one of the key bacterial genera affecting the process of T2D. First, the relative abundance of Clostridium genus was significantly different among the three groups. Second, there was a higher relative abundance of metabolic enzymes of gut bacteria in PRET2D and T2D group than that in Control group. Third, a strong correlation between Clostridium genus and many metabolic enzymes was uncovered, many of which may be produced by the Clostridium. Last, carotene intake daily was negatively correlated with the Clostridium but positively correlated with tagaturonate reductase catalyzing interconversions of pentose and glucuronate.

Conclusions
The gut Clostridium genus may play an important role in the development of T2D and it could be a potential biomarker for T2D in Mongolian population. Meanwhile, the metabolic function of gut bacteria has changed during the early stage of T2D and the changes in carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid or energy metabolism of Clostridium genus may play a critical role. In addition, the carotene intake may affect reproduction and metabolic function of Clostridium genus.