bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core‐Shell Nanospheres with Controllable Zinc Ion Release for Time‐Sensitive Steganography
Authors: Fan Qingsong , Lu Yu , Xu Shiyou , Xu Guofeng , Cai Zepeng , Feng Ji , Wu Chaolumen , Brinzari Tatiana V. , Pan Long , Yin Yadong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSlow‐release platforms have attracted much attention due to their many applications, such as biomedical implants, plant fertilizers, and drug delivery systems. In this work, a green, cost‐effective, and scalable method is reported to synthesize colloidal hybrid nanospheres capable of releasing zinc ions in a highly controllable manner by encapsulating zinc ammonium citrate colloids with a layer of silica. The release rate of zinc ions from resulting core‐shell nanospheres can be conveniently tuned by changing the shell thickness and cross‐linking degree of the silica layer, the solvent composition, and the surrounding temperature. By integrating the temperature‐sensitive release behavior of the hybrid nanospheres, the color shift associated with the complexation of zinc ions with xylenol orange, and the photothermal conversion property of gold nanoparticles, a novel film capable of recording time‐sensitive color information is designed using direct laser writing and further demonstrated its application in steganography.
Superradiance Emission and Its Thermal Decoherence in Lead Halide Perovskites Superlattices
Authors: Pashaei Adl Hamid , Gorji Setatira , Muñoz‐Matutano Guillermo , Gualdrón‐Reyes Andrés F. , Suárez Isaac , Chirvony Vladimir S. , Mora‐Seró Iván , Martínez‐Pastor Juan P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf‐assembled nanocrystals (NCs) into superlattices (SLs) are alternative materials to polycrystalline films and single crystals, which can behave very differently from their constituents, especially when they interact coherently with each other. This work concentrates on the Superradiance (SR) emission observed in SLs formed by CsPbBr3 and CsPbBrI2 NCs. Micro‐Photoluminescence spectra and transients in the temperature range 4–100 K are measured in SLs to extract information about the SR states and uncoupled domains of NCs. For CsPbBr3 SLs with mostly homogeneous SR lines (linewidth 1–5 meV), this work measures lifetimes as short as 160 ps, 10 times lower than the value measured in a thin film made with the same NCs, which is due to domains of near identical NCs formed by 1000 to 40 000 NCs coupled by dipole–dipole interaction. The thermal decoherence of the SR exciton state is evident above 25 K due to its coupling with an effective phonon energy of ≈8 meV. These findings are an important step toward understanding the SR emission enhancement factor and the thermal dephasing process in perovskite SLs.
Single Mode Lasing from CsPbBr3 Microcrystals Fabricated by Solid State Space‐Confined Growth
Authors: Cheng Shijia , Qiao Zhen , Wang Zeng , Xiao Lian , Das Subhasis , Thung Yi Tian , Yuan Zhiyi , Ta Van Duong , Fan Weijun , Chen Yu‐Cheng , Sun Handong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAll‐inorganic metal halide perovskites, such as CsPbX3 (X = Br, Cl, or I), have attracted significant interest for a new generation of integrated, high‐performance optoelectronic devices. To realize the full potential of layer‐by‐layer devices, perovskite crystal thin films are preferred over crystal ingots, considering carrier loss during carrier transport. The space‐confined method is a facile way of fabricating perovskite crystal films in a geometrically confined space to break the isotropic growth. Many researchers have reported effective preparation of large‐area perovskite films using this method. However, most space‐confined methods require growth in a liquid phase (solution), which can cause uncontrollable nucleation, surface traps, and unsatisfactory device performance. In this work, a pure solid‐state space‐confined strategy to grow CsPbBr3 films for the first time without relying on solution conditions is developed. The regular shapes of CsPbBr3 films prepared by this solid‐state space‐confined strategy can function as effective multimode and single‐mode Fabry–Perot (F–P) microlasers under optical pumping. This work overcomes the challenge that the conventional space‐confined method can only be adapted to the liquid phase. It also opens a new approach for making high‐quality microlasers, which are significant for photonic integrated circuits and optoelectronic devices.
Ultrathin WS2 Polariton Waveguide for Efficient Light Guiding
Authors: Lee Seong Won , Lee Jong Seok , Choi Woo Hun , Gong Su‐Hyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLight confinement to sub‐wavelength scales is actively studied for nanophotonic applications because it gives rise to intriguing optical properties with enhanced light‐matter interaction. Herein, an ultrathin exciton–polariton waveguide based on a WS2 multilayer is proposed for sub‐wavelength light guiding. A WS2 waveguide supports guided exciton–polariton modes even with a few tens of nanometers of thickness. It is theoretically confirmed that the WS2 waveguide has significantly lower propagation loss than a plasmonic mode, although its thickness may be similar to that of a plasmonic waveguide. By injecting white light into a fabricated WS2 waveguide, light guiding is experimentally demonstrated through a 20 nm thick WS2 waveguide. Notably, this study integrated the WS2 waveguide with a WSe2 monolayer to demonstrate the coupling of monolayer emission to the polariton waveguide. The results suggest that WS2 multilayers provide a novel material platform with potential for nanophotonic applications, including ultrathin optical integrated circuits.
Strong Coupling of Self‐Trapped Excitons to Acoustic Phonons in Bismuth Perovskite Cs3Bi2I9
Authors: He Xing , Tailor Naveen Kumar , Satapathi Soumitra , Brgoch Jakoah , Yang Ding‐Shyue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo assess the potential optoelectronic applications of metal‐halide perovskites, it is critical to have a detailed understanding of the nature and dynamics of interactions between carriers and the polar lattices. Here, the electronic and structural dynamics of bismuth‐based perovskite Cs3Bi2I9 are revealed by transient reflectivity and ultrafast electron diffraction. A cross‐examination of these results combined with theoretical analyses allows the identification of the major carrier–phonon coupling mechanism and the associated time scales. It is found that carriers photoinjected into Cs3Bi2I9 form self‐trapped excitons on an ultrafast time scale. However, they retain most of their energy, and their coupling to Fröhlich‐type optical phonons is limited at early times. Instead, the long‐lived excitons exert an electronic stress via deformation potential and develop a prominent, sustaining strain field as coherent acoustic phonons in 10 ps. From sub‐ps to ns and beyond, a similar extent of the atomic displacements is found throughout the different stages of structural distortions, from limited local modulations to a coherent strain field to the Debye–Waller random atomic motions on longer times. The current results suggest the potential use of bismuth‐based perovskites for applications other than photovoltaics to take advantage of the carriers’ stronger self‐trapping and long lifetimes.
Plasmonic Nanostructure Lattices for High‐Performance Sensing
Authors: Wen Xinyu , Deng Shikai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructures show great promise for sensing because their nanoscale confined light fields are sensitive to the change in the surroundings. Conventional plasmonic sensors based on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) have inspired considerable progress in sensing but still suffer from an oblique incidence or moderate sensitivity. This review focuses on how the rational design of novel plasmonic nanostructures can enable high‐performance sensing. Patterned nanostructures such as nanoparticle (NP) lattices to support surface lattice resonances (SLRs) and plasmonic nanogaps with nanogap modes are emerging to overcome the sensing limitations of SPP and LSPR. Moreover, hybrid nanostructures of plasmonic components with functional materials, such as metal‐organic frameworks, 2D materials, oxides, and polymers, show opportunities to further improve sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, plasmonic nanolasing and resonance modes from new materials exhibit appealing features for sensing. It is expected that further studies on plasmonic nanostructures with low‐loss materials, chirality characteristics, novel devices, and advanced fabrications will provide outlooks for high‐performance sensing.
Plasmonic Photochemistry as a Tool to Prepare Metallic Nanopores with Controlled Diameter for Optimized Detection of Single Entities
Authors: Lanzavecchia German , Kuttruff Joel , Doricchi Andrea , Douaki Ali , Kumaranchira Ramankutty Krishnadas , García Isabel , Lin Lyuye , Viejo Rodríguez Alba , Wågberg Thomas , Krahne Roman , Maccaferri Nicolò , Garoli Denis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlasmonic solid‐state nanopores with tunable hole diameters can be prepared via a photocatalytic effect resulting from the enhanced electromagnetic (EM) field inside a metallic ring on top of a dielectric nanotube. Under white light illumination, the plasmon‐enhanced EM‐field induces a site‐selective metal nucleation and growth within the ring. This approach is used to prepare Au and bimetallic Au–Ag nano‐rings and demonstrate the reduction of the initial inner diameter of the nanopore down to 4 nm. The tunability of the nanopore diameter can be used to enable optimized detection of single entities with different sizes. As a proof‐of‐concept, single object detection of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a diameter down to 15 nm is performed. Numerical simulations provide insights into the EM‐field distribution and confinement, showing that a field intensity enhancement of up to 104 can be achieved inside the nanopores. This localized EM‐field can be used to perform enhanced optical measurements and generate local heating, thereby modifying the properties of the nanopore. Such a flexible approach also represents a valuable tool to investigate plasmon‐driven photochemical reactions, and it can represent an important step toward the realization of new plasmonic devices.
Electron Donor‐Acceptor Complex Initiated Photochemical Phosphorus Arylation with Diaryliodonium Salts toward the Synthesis of Phosphine Oxides
Authors: Bugaenko Dmitry I. , Karchava Alexander V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArylation of amino‐, diamino‐ and triaminophosphines with aryl(mesityl)iodonium triflates under blue light irradiation followed by oxidative P−N bond cleavage in the in situ generated amino phosphonium salts under hydrolytic conditions represent a method for the synthesis of substituted arylphosphine oxides, arylphosphinic and arylphosphonic amides respectively. The proposed approach is based on using visible light as the only promoter for the C−P bond formation, accommodates a variety of functional groups, and can be applied to the late‐stage C−H functionalization of drug molecules.
Mesoporous Carbon Nitrides as Emerging Materials: Nanoarchitectonics and Biosensing Applications
Authors: Patel Vaishwik , Baskar Arun , Tiburcius Steffi , Morrison Brodie , Mod Bhavya , Tanwar Pradeep S. , Kumar Prashant , Karakoti Ajay , Singh Gurwinder , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMesoporous carbon nitrides (MCNs) are versatile materials and find use in applications such as catalysis, gas capture, and remediation. The development of new forms of MCNs, such as C3N5, C3N6, and C3N7, has expanded their scope further. One of the least reviewed applications of these materials is in the field of sensing, though it has been demonstrated that their sensing abilities are on par with other comparable materials. Their excellent properties such as high surface area, tunable stoichiometry, adjustable electronic structure, and basicity, make them well‐suited for the adsorption and detection of a wide range of analytes. Herein, the new findings in the synthesis of MCNs and their exciting prospects for sensing are reviewed. The review is divided into two broad sections: 1) discussions on the synthesis of MCNs using hard/soft templating, sol–gel, and template‐free methods; and 2) their capabilities for photoelectrochemical, optical, and quartz microbalance‐based sensing. The findings from the recent literature are showcased and the covered topics are explained with comparative analyses. The current review is a timely presentation of the concerned topic and will serve as a useful piece of information for developing advanced sensors using MCN based materials.
Calcium Metal Batteries with Long Cycle Life Using a Hydride‐Based Electrolyte and Copper Sulfide Electrode
Authors: Kisu Kazuaki , Mohtadi Rana , Orimo Shin‐ichi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs potential alternatives to Li‐ion batteries, rechargeable Ca metal batteries offer advantageous features such as high energy density, cost‐effectiveness, and natural elemental abundance. However, challenges, such as Ca metal passivation by electrolytes and a lack of cathode materials with efficient Ca2+storage capabilities, impede the development of practical Ca metal batteries. To overcome these limitations, the applicability of a CuS cathode in Ca metal batteries and its electrochemical properties are verified herein. Ex situ spectroscopy and electron microscopy results show that a CuS cathode comprising nanoparticles that are well dispersed in a high‐surface‐area carbon matrix can serve as an effective cathode for Ca2+storage via the conversion reaction. This optimally functioning cathode is coupled with a tailored, weakly coordinating monocarborane‐anion electrolyte, namely, Ca(CB11H12)2in 1,2‐dimethoxyethane/tetrahydrofuran, which enables reversible Ca plating/stripping at room temperature. The combination affords a Ca metal battery with a long cycle life of over 500 cycles and capacity retention of 92% based on the capacity of the 10th cycle. This study confirms the feasibility of the long‐term operation of Ca metal anodes and can expedite the development of Ca metal batteries.
Sensitivity and specificity of conventional and new face validation in determining the incomprehensible items by older people: Empirical evidence of testing 106 quality‐of‐life items
Authors: Lam Simon Ching , Suen Lorna Kwai Ping , Huang Emma Yun‐Zhi , Wong Eliza Mi Ling , Cheung Daphne Sze Ki , Kwan Rick Yiu Cho 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis methodological research aimed to investigate and compare the sensitivity and specificity of conventional and new face validation in identifying incomprehensible items empirically.MethodsA purposive sample of 15 older people living in three residential care homes (RCHs) in Hong Kong was used to evaluate a newly developed 106 items covering seven quality‐of‐life dimensions. The abbreviated Mental Test (Hong Kong version; AMT) was used as a screening tool for excluding those with impaired cognition. The interview was audiotaped, and incomprehensible items were identified by the research panel accordingly (served as the gold standard). The socio‐demographics of the respondents were described. Understandability (yes/no, conventional face validation method) and interpretability (4‐point Likert scale, new method) were compared and used to compute the Kappa value (representing chance agreement), sensitivity, and specificity analysis.ResultsFifteen older people were interviewed and responded to the structured interview of 106 items regarding understandability and interpretability. 61 items (57%) obtained 100% positive understandability while only 35 items (33%) obtained 100% correct interpretability.The Kappa coefficient was 0.388 (P < 0.001) of the chance agreement between understandability and interpretability. The panel confirmed that 32% of items required revision (i.e., incomprehensible items). The false negative rate of using the conventional approach was up to 70.59% while both the false positive and negative rates of using the new approach were low (0%–5.88%).ConclusionThis empirical evidence indicated that the conventional approach of face validation for checking incomprehensible items by older people encountered a high false negative rate. On the contrary, the new approach was recommended because it demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity and low false positive and negative rates in identifying incomprehensible items.
Expanding the phenotype and genotype in Thauvin‐Robinet‐Faivre syndrome: A new patient with a novel variant and additional clinical findings
Authors: Duzenli Tarik , Sezer Abdullah , Kayhan Gulsum , Arslan Ayse Tana , Percin Ferda E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThauvin‐Robinet‐Faivre syndrome (TROFAS; OMIM #617107) is a rare autosomal recessive overgrowth syndrome characterized by generalized overgrowth, dysmorphic facial features, and delayed psychomotor development caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the FGF‐1 intracellular binding protein (FIBP) gene. To date, only four patients from two families have been reported. In this report, we present a 4‐year‐old male patient with generalized overgrowth and delayed developmental milestones consistent with this syndrome. In addition, he has unique features that were not reported in previous patients, including drooling, recurrent pulmonary infections, chronic pulmonary disease, hyperextensible elbow joints, hypoplastic nipples, unilateral cryptorchidism, and frequent spontaneous erections. We identified a homozygous, likely pathogenic variant, c.415_416insCAGTTTG (p.Asp139AlafsTer3), which causes a frameshift in the FIBP. Additionally, we identified a homozygous missense variant in the Toll‐like receptor 5(TLR5) gene and a hemizygous missense variant in the chloride voltage‐gated channel 4 (CLCN4) gene, with uncertain significance in either case. In this article, we set out the new observations and also discuss the frequency of the characteristic findings of the syndrome in the patients so far reported.
Multifocal heterotopic ossification in a man with germline variants of LIM Mineralization Protein‐1 (LMP‐1)
Authors: Sangadala Sreedhara , Shore Eileen M. , Xu Meiqi , Bergwitz Clemens , Lozano‐Calderon Santiago A. , Lin Angela E. , Boden Scott D. , Kaplan Frederick S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA 54‐year‐old man with a history of unimelic, post‐traumatic multifocal heterotopic ossification (HO) and normal genetic analysis of ACVR1 and GNAS had variants of unknown significance (VUS) in PDLIM‐7 (PDZ and LIM Domain Protein 7), the gene encoding LMP‐1 (LIM Mineralization Protein‐1), an intracellular protein involved in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway signaling and ossification. In order to determine if the LMP‐1 variants were plausibly responsible for the phenotype observed, a series of in vitro experiments were conducted. C2C12 cells were co‐transfected with a BMP‐responsive reporter as well as the LMP‐1 wildtype (wt) construct or the LMP‐1T161I or the LMP‐1D181G constructs (herein designated as LMP‐161 or LMP‐181) corresponding to the coding variants detected in the patient. A significantly increased BMP‐reporter activity was observed in LMP‐161 or LMP‐181 transfected cells compared to the wt cells. The LMP‐181 variant exhibited BMP‐reporter activity with a four‐fold increase over the LMP‐1 wt protein. Similarly, mouse pre‐osteoblastic MC3T3 cells transfected with the patient's LMP‐1 variants expressed higher levels of osteoblast markers both at mRNA and protein levels and preferentially mineralized when stimulated with recombinant BMP‐2 compared to control cells. Presently, there are no pathogenic variants of LMP‐1 known to induce HO in humans. Our findings suggest that the germline variants in LMP‐1 detected in our patient are plausibly related to his multifocal HO (LMP1‐related multifocal HO). Further observations will be required to firmly establish this gene–disease relationship.
About Perfluoropolyhedranes, Their Electron‐Accepting Ability and Questionable Supramolecular Hosting Capacity
Authors: Krafft Marie Pierre , Riess Jean G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolyhedral molecules are appealing for their eye‐catching architecture and distinctive chemistry. Perfluorination of such, often greatly strained, compounds is a momentous challenge. It drastically changes the electron distribution, structure and properties. Notably, small high‐symmetry perfluoropolyhedranes feature a centrally located, star‐shaped low‐energy unoccupied molecular orbital that can host an extra electron within the polyhedral frame, thus producing a radical anion, without loss of symmetry. This predicted electron‐hosting capacity was definitively established for perfluorocubane, the first perfluorinated Platonic polyhedrane to be isolated pure. Hosting atoms, molecules, or ions in such “cage” structures is, however, all but forthright, if not illusionary, offering no easy access to supramolecular constructs. While adamantane and cubane have fostered numerous applications in materials science, medicine, and biology, specific uses for their perfluorinated counterparts remain to be established. Some aspects of highly fluorinated carbon allotropes, such as fullerenes and graphite, are briefly mentioned for context.
Customizable Supraparticles Constructed from Catechol‐Terminated Molecular Building Blocks with Controllable Intermolecular Interactions**
Authors: Zhang Yajing , Wang Jin , He Yunxiang , Pan Jiezhou , Jin Xin , Shang Jiaojiao , Gong Guidong , Richardson Joseph J. , Manners Ian , Guo Junling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColloidal supraparticles integrated with multicomponent primary particles come with emerging or synergetic functionalities. However, achieving the functional customization of supraparticles remains a great challenge because of the limited options of building blocks with tailorability and functional extensibility. Herein, we developed a universal approach to construct customizable supraparticles with desired properties from molecular building blocks obtained by the covalent conjugation of catechol groups with a series of orthogonal functional groups. These catechol‐terminated molecular building blocks can assemble into primary particles driven by various intermolecular interactions (i.e. metal‐organic coordination, host–guest, and hydrophobic interactions), and then further assemble into supraparticles governed by catechol‐mediated interfacial interactions. Our strategy enables the formation of supraparticles with diverse functionalities, such as dual‐pH responsiveness, light‐controllable permeability, and non‐invasive fluorescence labeling of living cells. The ease with which these supraparticles can be fabricated, and the ability to tailor their chemical and physical properties through the choice of metals and orthogonal functional groups used, should enable a variety of applications.