bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicles of Euryarchaeida: precursor to eukaryotic membrane trafficking
Authors: Mills Joshua , Mills Joshua , Gebhard L , Gebhard L , Schubotz Florence , Schubotz Florence , Shevchenko Anna , Shevchenko Anna , Speth Daan , Speth Daan , Duggin Iain , Duggin Iain , Liao Yan , Liao Yan , Marchfelder Anita , Marchfelder Anita , Erdmann Susanne , Erdmann Susanne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since their discovery, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have changed our view on how organisms interact with their extracellular world. EVs are able to traffic a diverse array of molecules across different species and even domains, facilitating numerous functions. In this study, we investigate EV production in Haloferax volcanii, as representative for Euryarchaeida. We uncover that EVs enclose RNA, with specific transcripts preferentially enriched, including those with regulatory potential, and conclude that EVs can act as an RNA communication system between haloarchaea. We demonstrate the key role of an EV-associated Ras superfamily GTPase for EV formation in H. volcanii that is also present across other diverse evolutionary branches of Archaea. Ras superfamily GTPases are key players in eukaryotic intracellular vesicle formation and trafficking mechanisms that have been crucial for the emergence of Eukaryotes. Therefore, we propose that archaeal EV formation could reveal insights into the origin of the compartmentalized eukaryotic cell.
Textbook outcome contributes to long-term prognosis in older adults with gastric cancer
Authors: Morito Atsushi , Iwatsuki Masaaki , Maeda Yuto , Misuura Chishou , Hara Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Chihiro , Toihata Tasuku , Kosumi Keisuke , Eto Kojiro , Baba Yoshifumi , Iwagami Shiro , Miyamoto Yuji , Yoshida Naoya , Baba Hideo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Textbook outcome (TO) is a composite quality measurement of short-term outcomes for evaluating surgical procedures. We investigated whether TO can be used to predict outcomes after curative gastric cancer (GC) surgery in older adults.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 465 consecutive patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for GC from 2005 to 2017. Among these, 141 advanced-age patients were eligible. The patients were divided into two groups: those who achieved TO (a-TO group) and those who failed to achieve TO (f-TO group). In accordance with previous reports, TO consisted of eight metrics. We evaluated the association between TO and long-term survival.
Results
TO was achieved 73 (52%) patients. The patients in the f-TO group had a significantly higher body mass index (P = 0.01), longer surgery time (P = 0.03), and more blood loss (P = 0.001). The metric with the lowest achievement rate was “no postoperative severe complication.” The patients in the f-TO group had significantly shorter overall survival than those in the a-TO group (P = 0.03). Multivariable Cox regression analyses of overall survival revealed that an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification of 3 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68–5.26; P = 0.0002), presence of lymph node metastasis (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.03–3.35; P = 0.04), and f-TO (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.04–3.19; P = 0.03) were significantly associated with poor overall survival.
Conclusion
TO can be used to predict outcomes after curative GC surgery in patients of advanced age.
Biofertilizer from vermicompost and microorganisms: effect on strawberry, blackberry, and blueberry phytochemical profile
Authors: Karaklajić-Stajić Žaklina , Tomić Jelena , Pešaković Marijana , Paunović Svetlana M. , Štampar Franc , Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja , Hudina Metka , Veberic Robert , Jakopic Jerneja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The aim of this research was to compare the effect of conventional fertilization (control) and conventional fertilization supplemented with biofertilizer (‘Biovermix’) based on vermicompost and microorganisms (treatment), on the nutritional value of different berry species: strawberry (‘Senga Sengana’), blackberry (‘Čačanska Bestrna’) and blueberry (‘Aurora’). The results showed that biofertilization positively affected fruit weight (8.8 g), soluble solids content (8.9°Bx), sugars (65.6 g kg− 1 FW) and all identified phenolic groups (phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols and anthocyanins) in blackberry fruits. Significantly higher fruit weight (15.5 g), total sugars and organic acids content (62.4 and 14.5 g kg− 1 FW, respectively) and flavanones content (20.06 mg 100 g− 1 FW) in strawberries fruits were confirmed in biofertilization treatment. Biofertilizer supplementing exhibited the highest effectiveness in terms of the organic acid (21.0 g kg− 1 FW) and anthocyanins (153.26 mg 100 g− 1 FW) composition in blueberry fruits. Therefore, the use of biofertilizers as supplements to conventional fertilization can be considered an appropriate practice to ensure soil biological activity, which has an indirect positive effect on the sensory and nutritive value of the tested berry species.
Transcriptomic landscape reveals germline potential of porcine skin-derived multipotent dermal fibroblast progenitors
Authors: Liu Wen-Xiang , Li Chun-Xiao , Xie Xin-Xiang , Ge Wei , Qiao Tian , Sun Xiao-Feng , Shen Wei , cheng shunfeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
According to estimations, approximately about 15% of couples worldwide suffer from infertility, in which individuals with azoospermia or oocyte abnormalities cannot be treated with assisted reproductive technology. The skin-derived stem cells (SDSC) differentiation into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLC) is one of the major breakthroughs in the field of stem cell intervention for infertility treatment in recent years. However, the cellular origin of SDSC and its dynamic changes in transcription profile during differentiation into PGCLC in vitro remain largely undissected. Here, the results of single-cell RNA sequencing indicated that porcine SDSC is mainly derived from multipotent dermal fibroblast progenitors (MDFP), which are regulated by growth factors (EGF/bFGF). Importantly, porcine SDSC exhibit pluripotency for differentiating into three germ layers and can effectively differentiate into PGCLC through complex transcriptional regulation involving histone modification. Moreover, this study also highlights that porcine SDSC-derived PGCLC specification exhibit conservation with the human primordial germ cells lineage and that its proliferation is mediated by the MAPK signalling pathway. Our findings provide substantial novel insights into the field of regenerative medicine in which stem cells differentiate into germ cells in vitro, as well as potential therapeutic effects in individuals with azoospermia and/or defective oocytes.
A New Transcranial Doppler Parameter for Intracranial Hypertension Assessment in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Brasil Sergio , Romeijn Hannah , Haspels Esther K. , Paiva Wellingson , Schaafsma Arjen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a noninvasive bedside tool for intracerebral hemodynamic assessments in multiple clinical scenarios. TCD, by means of measuring systolic and diastolic blood velocities allows the calculation of the pulsatility index (PI), a parameter that is correlated with intracranial pressure (ICP). Nevertheless, the predictive value of the PI for raised ICP appears to be low, since it is subjected to several, often confounding factors not related to ICP. Recently, the Pulsatile Apparent Resistance (PaR) was developed as a PI corrected for arterial blood pressure, reducing some of the confounding factors influencing PI. This study compares the predictive value of PaR versus PI for intracranial hypertension (IH, ICP >20 mmHg) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Methods: Patients with TBI admitted to the neurocritical care unit who required invasive ICP were included prospectively within five days of admission. TCD measurements were performed in both middle cerebral arteries, allowing calculations of the PI and PaR. The discriminative power of these parameters for ICP ≥20 mmHg was assessed by calculating the area under the Receiver Operator Characteristics curve (AUC).
Results: 93 patients were included. A total of 20 (22%) patients experienced IH. The discriminative power was low for PI (AUC 0.64, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.49 – 0.79) and moderate for PaR (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.63 – 0.86). With regard to subgroup analyses, the discriminative power of these parameters increased after exclusion of patients who had undergone a craniectomy. This was especially true for the PaR (AUC right side 0.88; CI 0,72 – 1,0) and PI (AUC right side 0.72; CI 0,44 – 1,0).
Conclusion: In the present study, discriminative power of the PaR for IH was superior to the PI, especially in patients not having undergone craniectomy. The assessment of PaR may be an adjunct especially for improving timing on a neurosurgical intervention, but also for their monitoring after a neurosurgery is performed. Further studies are warranted to define its clinical application.
Trial registration: NCT03144219, Registered 01 May 2017 Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03144219
Autotransplantation with preoperative simulation using three-dimensional replica –Report of three cases and review of literature
Authors: Kasuga Taichi , Shinmyouzu Kouhei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of autotransplantation of a mature third molar to a fresh molar extraction socket using three-dimensional (3D) replicas and a preoperative simulation, which includeduse of preoperative cone-beam computed tomographicy(CBCT) planning and 3D replicas of donor teeth to prepare the artificial tooth sockets.
Methods
Three patients underwent autotransplantation using 3D replicas and preoperative simulation. Before the procedure, the direction and depth of the donor tooth were confirmed with a computer using replica data, then a simulation was performed using the replica and the research model as pseudo-autotransplantation surgery. The replica was manufactured using a 3D printing technique. The surgical procedure was based on guided autotransplantation surgery methods associated with Andreasen’s technique.
Results
Based on Chamberlin's criteria for successful transplantation, all three patients had good results. The average extraoral time of the donor tooth was shortened to an average 3.33 minutes when using a 3D replica. Additionally, we previously presented a report of a case without 3D replica autotransplantation with a time of 16 minutes.
Conclusions
The present approach enables planning and production of a 3D printed surgical template with use of the latest diagnostic methods and guided autotransplantation surgery techniques. Autotransplantation using a 3D replicas with preoperative simulation is an effective method that can reduce extraoral time as well as periodontal ligament damage to the donor tooth, and can reduce the rate of failure.
Chasing the Tail: A Generalized Pareto Distribution Approach to Estimating Wealth Inequality
Authors: Kennickell Arthur B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Since the work reported in Vermeulen [2018], a literature has developed on using the simple Pareto distribution along with “rich list” information to make improved estimates of the upper tail of the wealth distribution measured in surveys. Because the construction of such external data is typically opaque and subject to potentially serious measurement error, it may be best not to depend exclusively on this approach. This paper develops an alternative approach, using the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD), of which the simple Pareto is a subset, extending an estimation strategy developed by Castillo and Hadi [1997]. The greater flexibility of the GPD allows the possibility of modeling the tail of the wealth distribution, using a larger set of data for support than is typically the case with the simple Pareto. Moreover, the elaboration of the estimation method presented here allows explicitly for the possibility that the extreme of the observed upper tail is measured with error or that it is not captured at all. The approach also allows the incorporation of external data on total wealth as a constraint on the estimation. For the applications considered here using Austrian and U.S. micro data, the model relies on an estimate of total household wealth from national accounts, rather than rich-list information. The results suggest that where sufficiently comparable and reliable estimates of aggregate wealth are available, this approach can provide a useful way of mitigating problems in comparing distributional estimates across surveys that differ meaningfully in their effective coverage of the upper tail of the wealth distribution. The approach may be particularly useful in the construction of distributional national accounts.
Household Earnings Mobility and Inequality: The Role of Heterogeneous Macro Effects
Authors: Kwon Sanguk , Ni Shawn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We examine the dynamics of household earnings mobility and earnings inequality in the aftermath of recessions, both in the short term and over the life cycle, using panel data on cohorts of Korean and U.S. households. We observe an increase in short-term earnings mobility for the Korean households following the Asian financial crisis, and a moderate change in short-term mobility for the U.S. households after recessions. We find that a standard benchmark model of income dynamics matches the time series of earnings inequality for both panels. However, this model overestimates earnings mobility over an intermediate horizon of several years. We generalize the benchmark model by allowing for heterogeneous effects of macro factors and find that the generalized model provides a better fit for both earnings inequality and earnings mobility. Moreover, we find that the heterogeneous macro effects identified in the generalized model accelerate earnings mobility and reduce earnings inequality for both the Korean and U.S. households.
JEL Classification: D31 , E25
Effect of backward median current on stability, microstructure and mechanical properties of SUS304 weldments fabricated by local dry underwater MIG welding
Authors: Zhang Wenxu , Liao Haipeng , Zhang Bin , Zhang Qin , Wu Xiangmiao , Tian Jiyu , Wang Zhenmin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Local dry underwater backward median pulse MIG welding (LDU-BMPMIG) was proposed in this study. The effects of different backward median currents on welding process stability, weld forming, microstructure, and mechanical properties of weldments were investigated comprehensively. The results reveal that the backward median current waveform effectively improved the welding stability. With the increase of backward median current, the welding stability increased first and then decreased. With the backward median current of 200 A, the welding process stability was the most satisfied. The quality of weld formation was consistent with welding stability. LDU-BMPMIG weldments exhibited fewer macroscopic defects and better overall morphology compared with LDU-PMIG weldment. The weldment microstructure was mainly composed of γ-austenite and δ-ferrite with different morphologies. The satisfied stability of the welding process contributed to improving the microstructure uniformity. The variation trend of tensile strength for LDU-BMPMIG weldments was approximately kept consistent with welding process stability. The weldment prepared by 200A showed considerable mechanical properties with minimal fluctuation, which reached 97.5% of maximum average tensile strength, which meant the most excellent compared to the others. The experimental results can improve the stability of local dry underwater welding and provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of underwater welding.
Transglutaminase 2 Expression is Associated with Increased Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis and Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Solak Yagmur Goksoy , Yegen Gulcin , Onder Semen , Tekin Sakin , Soyluk Ozlem , Gul Nurdan , Tanakol Refik , Aral Ferihan , Uzum Ayse Kubat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is associated with mobilization, invasion, and chemoresistance of tumor cells. We aimed to determine whether the immunohistochemical staining with TG2 antibody differs between metastatic and non-metastatic papillary thyroid cancer patients.
Methods
We included 76 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (72% female, median age 52 (24–81) years, follow-up time 107 (60–216) months). Thirty of them with no metastasis, 30 of them with only lymph node metastasis and 16 patients with distant ± lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical staining of TG2 antibody was evaluated in the primary tumor and extra-tumoral tissue. We also divided subjects into two groups according to their primary tumor TG2 staining score (group A, high risk group: ≥3, n = 43; group B, low risk group: <3, n = 33).
Results
Vascular invasion (p < 0,001), thyroid capsule invasion (p < 0,001), extrathyroidal extension (p < 0,001), intrathyroidal dissemination (p = 0,001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0,001), presence of aggressive histology (p < 0,001) were significantly higher in group A. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of distant metastasis. Based on ATA risk classification 95.5% of patients with low risk were in group B but 86.8% of intermediate risk and 56.3% of high risk were in group A. In regression analysis, lymph node metastasis increased by 1,9 times with each one point increase in TG2 staining score.
Conclusion
TG2 staining score of the primary tumor may be a predictive factor for lymph node metastasis. High or low TG2 scores may effect the frequency of follow-up and decision of treatment regimens.
Dissipative structures of convection Marangoni in a thin layer of liquid with lattice of localized and continuously distributed heat sources and sinks
Authors: Wertgeim Igor , Sharifulin Vadim , Sharifulin Albert 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The three-dimensional solutions of nonlinear long-wavelength approximations for the problem of Marangoni convection in a thin horizontal layer of a viscous incompressible fluid with a free surface is being considered. The temperature distribution in the liquid corresponds to a uniform vertical gradient distorted by the imposition of a weakly inhomogeneous heat flux localized in the horizontal plane, caused by a lattice of either localized or continuously distributed heat sources and sinks. The lower boundary of the layer is solid and thermally insulated, while the upper one is free and deformable. The statement of the problem is motivated by the search for ways to control convection structures. The problem in long-wave approximation is described by a system of nonlinear transport equations for the amplitudes of temperature distribution and surface deformation. The numerical solution of the problem is based on the pseudospectral method. The dynamics of non-stationary dissipative structures is considered.
Atypical Neurosyphilis Predominantly Affects the Cingulate Gyrus: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Zeng Wen-gao , Yu Ya-chun , Zhou Hua-shan , Xu Wei , Hu Jue , Chen Su-fen , Zhou Jun-jie , Wang Zhen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

The incidence of syphilis has been increasing in recent years, and neurosyphilis can present with various clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Case presentation

We report a rare case of neurosyphilis in a patient presenting with dizziness, altered mental status, and left limb weakness. MRI revealed changes in the right cingulate gyrus, adjacent frontal lobe cortex and subcortex. The diagnosis of neurosyphilis was confirmed by positive serum Red Unheated Serum Test (TRUST) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Treatment with penicillin G resulted in the disappearance of the lesion and improvement of the patient's clinical condition.

Conclusions

This case report highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for neurosyphilis in patients with cingulate gyrus lesions on MRI and atypical neurological symptoms, even in the absence of typical risk factors or clinical manifestations of syphilis.
Non-absolute integrable function spaces on metric measure spaces
Authors: Saha Parthapratim , Hazarika Bipan , Kalita Hemanta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Kuelbs-Steadman spaces are introduced in this article on a separable metric space having finite diameter together with a finite Borel measure. Kuelbs-Steadman spaces of the Lipschitz type are also discussed. Various inclusion properties are also discussed. In the sequel, we introduce HK-Sobolev spaces on metric mesure space which coincides with HK-Sobolev space in the Euclidean case. In application, we discuss the boundedness of Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on Kuelbs-Steadman spaces and HK-Sobolev spaces over a metric measure space.
2020 Mathematical Subject Clasification: 46B25, 46E35, 46E36, 46F25.
Perturbations in the ligand-receptor interactions unravel novel heterogeneous subtypes of stage II/III colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Xinwei , Xu Hui , Chen Shuang , Li Jing , Weng Siyuan , Ren Yuqing , Zhang Yuyuan , Wang Libo , Liu Long , Guo Chunguang , Xing Zhe , Liu Zaoqu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Towards standardization of tau PET imaging corresponding to various tau PET tracer: multi-center phantom study
Authors: Wagatsuma Kei , Miwa Kenta , Akamatsu Go , Yamao Tehsho , Kamitaka Yuto , Sakurai Minoru , Fujita Naotoshi , Hanaoka Kohei , Matsuda Hiroshi , Ishii Kenji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: Tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is a recently developed non-invasive tool that can detect the density and extension of tau neurofibrillary tangles. Tau PET tracers have been validated to harmonize and accelerate their development and implementation in clinical practice. Whereas standard protocols including injected dose, uptake time, and duration have been determined for tau PET tracers, reconstruction parameters have not been standardized. The present study conducted phantom experiments based on tau pathology to standardize quantitative tau PET imaging parameters and optimize reconstruction conditions of PET scanners at four Japanese sites according to the results of phantom experiments.
Methods: The activity of 4.0 and 2.0 kBq/mL for 3D Hoffman brain and cylindrical phantoms, respectively was estimated from published studies of brain activity using [18F]flortaucipir, [18F]THK5351, and [18F]MK6240. We developed an original tau-specific volume of interest (VOI) template for the brain based on pathophysiological tau distribution in the brain defined as Braak stages. We acquired brain and cylindrical phantom images using four PET scanners. Iteration numbers were determined as contrast and recover coefficients (RCs) in grey (GM) and white (WM) matter, and the magnitude of the Gaussian filter was determined from image noise.
Results: Contrast and RC converged at ≥ 4 iterations, the error rates of RC for GM and WM were < 15% and 1%, respectively, and noise was < 10% in Gaussian filters of 2–4 mm in images acquired using the four scanners. Optimizing the reconstruction conditions for phantom tau PET images acquired by each scanner, improved contrast and image noise.
Conclusions: The phantom activity was comprehensive for first- and second-generation tau PET tracers. The mid-range activity that we determined could be applied to later tau PET tracers. We propose an analytical tau-specific VOI template based on tau pathophysiological changes in patients with AD to standardize tau PET imaging. Phantom images reconstructed under the optimized conditions for tau PET imaging achieved excellent image quality and quantitative accuracy.