bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mentoring and engaging undergraduate students in authentic research in mammalogy
Authors: Munroe Karen E 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUndergraduate research is a high-impact educational practice that helps students develop essential professional and personal skills. These skills include tangible field methods and lab techniques, critical thinking, effective communication, integrated and complex problem-solving, metacognition, self-confidence, collegiality, information literacy, and identity development. Participation in undergraduate research experiences increases academic performance, program retention, degree completion, and the number and diversity of students pursuing postbaccalaureate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics degrees. Mentors (faculty, postdoctoral fellow, and graduate students) also benefit from the undergraduate research process by generating publishable scholarship, improvement in leadership skills, and developing rich personal mentoring relationships. Further, a university or college itself benefits from increased institutional reputation and visibility within the scientific community. Nonetheless, many barriers impede students from pursuing research experiences, including a lack of awareness of research opportunities, unfamiliarity with the benefits of a research experience, personal or financial constraints, noncompetitive grade point averages, financial and family needs, maturity, and imposter syndrome. To help mitigate these issues and build a culture of undergraduate research, pathways for implementing undergraduate research in the field of mammalogy are discussed, in addition to advice on mentorship.
The Date of Codex Sinaiticus: Revisiting Milne and Skeat’s Numerical Argument
Authors: Cole Zachary J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article presents new evidence relevant to H. J. M. Milne and T. C. Skeat’s argument for the date of Codex Sinaiticus, which they described as ‘not likely to be much later than about A.D. 360’. Such precision derived in part from their observation of an ‘old system’ of scribal figures for numerals in the thousands found in the codex. In addition to presenting many new relevant comparanda, this study also provides a critical examination of the argument itself. It is argued that although many of Milne and Skeat’s observations were correct, their appeal to numerals to establish a terminus ante quem for Codex Sinaiticus is invalid.
Instantons on Sasakian 7-manifolds
Authors: Portilla Luis E , SÁ Earp Henrique N 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study a natural contact instanton equation on gauge fields over 7-dimensional Sasakian manifolds, which is closely related to both the transverse Hermitian Yang–Mills (HYM) condition and the G2-instanton equation. We obtain, by Fredholm theory, a finite-dimensional local model for the moduli space of irreducible solutions. Following the approach by Baraglia and Hekmati in five dimensions [1], we derive cohomological conditions for smoothness and express its dimension in terms of the index of a transverse elliptic operator. Finally, we show that the moduli space of self-dual contact instantons is Kähler, in the Sasakian case. As an instance of concrete interest, we specialize to transversely holomorphic Sasakian bundles over contact Calabi–Yau 7-manifolds, as studied by Calvo-Andrade, Rodríguez and Sá Earp [8], and we show that in this context the notions of contact instanton, integrable G2-instanton and HYM connection coincide.
Permanent Unfitness for Work and Musculoskeletal Diseases
Authors: Bellagamba Gauthier , Metge Hugo ,   Members of the Steering Committee, Villa Antoine , Lehucher-Michel Marie-Pascale 
Published: March 2023

Objective
To describe the various musculoskeletal diseases resulting in work-related permanent unfitness for work. Methods: In 2017, a multicenter cross-sectional employee survey in the South of France was conducted by 323 occupational physicians. Results: Of the 359,966 employees monitored, 2788 had permanent unfitness for work. This number included 1078 for musculoskeletal diseases, which was more frequent in women (odds ratio, 1.42; confidence interval, 1.20 to 1.68) and showed an increase in women older than 55 years (odds ratio, 6.42; confidence interval, 4.4 to 6.60). Back disorder was the most common work-related disorder reported (n = 488 [45.4%]), with soft tissue conditions being (n = 237 [22.0%]). Arthropathy (n = 157 [14.6%]) had occupational origins in 282 (44.3%), 169 (26.6%), and 55 (8.6%) cases, respectively. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal disability prevention should be encouraged to avoid resultant employment attrition.
Risk factors for achieving textbook outcome after laparoscopic duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Yi , Wujimaimaiti Nuerabula , Yuan Jingxiong , Li Shizhen , Zhang Hang , Wang Min , Qin Renyi 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
The risk factors for achieving textbook outcome (TO) after laparoscopic duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection (LDPPHR-t) are unknown, and no relevant articles have been reported so far. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for achieving TO after LDPPHR-t.

Methods:
The risk factors for achieving TO after LDPPHR-t were retrospectively evaluated by logistic regression analysis in 31 consecutive patients from May 2020 to December 2021.

Results:
All LDPPHR-t procedures were successfully performed without conversion. There was no death within 90 days after surgery and no readmission within 30 days after discharge. The percentage of achieving TO after LDPPHR-t was 61.3% (19/31). Among the six TO items, the postoperative complication of grade B/C postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurred most frequently with 22.6%, followed by grade B/C bile leakage with 19.4%, Clavien–Dindo≥III complications with 19.4%, and grade B/C postpancreatectomy hemorrhage with 16.1%. POPF was the major obstacle to achieve TO after LDPPHR-t. Placing an endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) catheter and prolonged operation time (>311 min) were significantly associated with the decreased probability of achieving TO after LDPPHR-t (odd ratio (OR), 25.775; P=0.012 and OR, 16.378; P=0.020, respectively). Placing an ENBD catheter was the only significant independent risk factor for POPF after LDPPHR-t (OR, 19.580; P=0.017). Bile leakage was the independent risk factor for postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after LDPPHR-t (OR, 15.754; P=0.040). The prolonged operation time was significantly correlated with Clavien–Dindo grade≥III complications after LDPPHR-t (OR, 19.126; P=0.024).

Conclusion:
Placing the ENBD catheter was the independent risk factor for POPF and achieving TO after LDPPHR-t. In order to reduce POPF and increase the probability of achieving TO, placing an ENBD catheter should be avoided prior to LDPPHR-t.
Effect of body habitus on surgical outcomes following bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Park Yeshong , Yu Hyeong Won , Lee Ja Kyung , Choi Jee-Hye , Kim Woochul , Kwak JungHak , Kim Su-jin , Chai Young Jun , Suh Hyunsuk , Choi June Young , Lee Kyu Eun 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
BMI has been shown to predict perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. Most studies assessing the role of body habitus in thyroid surgery have focused on open surgery, with few studies assessing patients undergoing robotic surgery. The present study evaluated the effects of BMI on surgical outcomes in patients undergoing bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy.

Materials and methods:
This study included patients who underwent BABA robotic thyroidectomy between January 2013 and September 2021 at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Patients were categorized into six groups based on the WHO classification of overweight and obesity. Clinicopathological characteristics, postoperative complications, and surgical outcomes were evaluated.

Results:
A total of 1921 patients were included. Comparisons of the six BMI groups showed no statistically significant differences in postoperative stay, resection margin involvement, postoperative complications, and recurrence. Subgroup analysis showed that hypocalcemia rates differed among BMI groups in patients who underwent lobectomy, with underweight and class II obese patients being at the highest risk (P=0.006). However, the actual number of complications was relatively small and similar among the groups. In patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and isthmectomy, BMI was not correlated with postoperative complications, including hypocalcemia, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, postoperative bleeding, and chyle leakage.

Conclusion:
Body habitus was not significantly associated with operative time and postoperative complications in patients undergoing BABA robotic thyroidectomy, indicating that this approach is safe and feasible in obese patients.
Development and validation of prognostic model based on extragastric lymph nodes metastasis and lymph node ratio in node-positive gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on a multicenter database
Authors: Zeng Yi , Cai Fenglin , Wang Pengliang , Wang Xinyu , Liu Yong , Zhang Li , Zhang Rupeng , Chen Luchuan , Liang Han , Ye Zaisheng , Deng Jingyu 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a competent and the most intensive predictor for the prognostic evaluation of patients after curative surgery. This study is based on the databases of two large medical centers in North and South China. It aims to establish a prognostic model based on extragastric LNM (ELNM) and lymph node ratio (LNR) in node-positive gastric cancer (GC).

Methods:
Clinical data of 874 GC patients with pathologically confirmed LNM in a large medical center in southern China, were included as the training cohort. In addition, the clinical data of 674 patients with pathologically confirmed LNM from a large medical center in northern China were used as the validation cohort.

Results:
In the training cohort, a modified N staging system (mNstage) based on ELNM and LNR was established; it has a significantly higher prognostic accuracy than the pN, LNR and ELNM staging system (Akaike Information Criterion, pN stage vs. LNR stage vs. ELNM stage vs. mN stage=5498.479 vs. 5537.815 vs. 5569.844 vs. 5492.123; Bayesian Information Criterion, pN stage vs. LNR stage vs. ELNM stage vs. mN stage=5512.799 vs. 5547.361 vs. 5574.617 vs. 5506.896; likelihood-ratio χ
2, pN stage vs. LNR stage vs. ELNM stage vs. mN stage=177.7 vs. 149.8 vs. 115.79 vs. 183.5). In the external validation, mNstage also has higher prognostic accuracy than the pN, LNR and ELNM staging system. Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that age, mNstage, pT stage, and perineural invasion were independent factors. A nomogram model was established according to the four factors (age, mNstage, pT stage, and perineural invasion). The nomogram model was greater than the traditional tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) staging in the training cohort [1-year area under the curve (AUC), American Joint Commission for Cancer (AJCC) 8th TNM vs. nomogram=0.692 vs. 0.746, 3-year AUC: AJCC 8th TNM vs. nomogram=0.684 vs. 0.758, 5-year AUC: AJCC 8th TNM vs. nomogram=0.725 vs. 0.762]. In the external validation, the nomogram also showed better prognostic value and greater prediction accuracy than the traditional TNM staging.

Conclusion:
The prognostic model based on ELNM and LNR has good prognostic prediction in patients with node-positive GC.
Prediction of conditional survival in esophageal cancer in a population-based cohort study
Authors: Xie Shao-Hua , Santoni Giola , Bottai Matteo , Gottlieb-Vedi Eivind , Lagergren Pernilla , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The authors aimed to produce a prediction model for survival at any given date after surgery for esophageal cancer (conditional survival), which has not been done previously.

Materials and Methods:
Using joint density functions, the authors developed and validated a prediction model for all-cause and disease-specific mortality after surgery with esophagectomy, for esophageal cancer, conditional on postsurgery survival time. The model performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and risk calibration, with internal cross-validation. The derivation cohort was a nationwide Swedish population-based cohort of 1027 patients treated in 1987–2010, with follow-up throughout 2016. This validation cohort was another Swedish population-based cohort of 558 patients treated in 2011–2013, with follow-up throughout 2018.

Results:
The model predictors were age, sex, education, tumor histology, chemo(radio)therapy, tumor stage, resection margin status, and reoperation. The medians of AUC after internal cross-validation in the derivation cohort were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.69–0.78) for 3-year all-cause mortality, 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79) for 5-year all-cause mortality, 0.74 (95% CI: 0.70–0.78) for 3-year disease-specific mortality, and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79) for 5-year disease-specific mortality. The corresponding AUC values in the validation cohort ranged from 0.71 to 0.73. The model showed good agreement between observed and predicted risks. Complete results for conditional survival any given date between 1 and 5 years of surgery are available from an interactive web-tool: https://sites.google.com/view/pcsec/home.

Conclusion:
This novel prediction model provided accurate estimates of conditional survival any time after esophageal cancer surgery. The web-tool may help guide postoperative treatment and follow-up.
Development and validation of a preoperative nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy for right colon cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Yu Ao , Li Yuekai , Zhang Haifeng , Hu Guanbo , Zhao Yuetang , Guo Jinghao , Wei Meng , Yu Wenbin , Yan Zhibo 
Published: March 2023

Background:
In laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer, complete mesocolic excision is a standard procedure that involves extended lymphadenectomy and blood vessel ligation. This study aimed to establish a nomogram to facilitate evaluation of the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy based on preoperative parameters.

Materials and methods:
The preoperative clinical and computed tomography-related parameters, operative details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. The difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy was defined using the scoring grade reported by Escal et al. with modifications. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to identify parameters that increased the surgical difficulty. A preoperative nomogram to predict the surgical difficulty was established and validated.

Results:
A total of 418 consecutive patients with right colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical resection at a single tertiary medical center between January 2016 and May 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to a training data set (n=300, 71.8%) and an internal validation data set (n=118, 28.2%). Meanwhile, an external validation data set with 150 consecutive eligible patients from another tertiary medical center was collected. In the training data set, 222 patients (74.0%) comprised the non-difficulty group and 78 (26.0%) comprised the difficulty group. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that adipose thickness at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, adipose area at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, adipose density at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, presence of the right colonic artery, presence of type III Henle’s trunk, intra-abdominal adipose area, plasma triglyceride concentration, and tumor diameter at least 5 cm were independent risk factors for surgical difficulty; these factors were included in the nomogram. The nomogram incorporating seven independent predictors showed a high C-index of 0.922 and considerable reliability, accuracy, and net clinical benefit.

Conclusions:
The study established and validated a reliable nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy for right colon cancer. The nomogram may assist surgeons in preoperatively evaluating risk and selecting appropriate patients.
Preoperative volume of the optic chiasm is an easily obtained predictor for visual recovery of pituitary adenoma patients following endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: a cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Chen Chaoyue , Huang Wei , Teng Yuen , Shu Xin , Zhao Fumin , Xu Jianguo , Zhang Lei 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Predicting the postoperative visual outcome of pituitary adenoma patients is important but remains challenging. This study aimed to identify a novel prognostic predictor which can be automatically obtained from routine MRI using a deep learning approach.

Materials and methods:
A total of 220 pituitary adenoma patients were prospectively enrolled and stratified into the recovery and nonrecovery groups according to the visual outcome at 6 months after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. The optic chiasm was manually segmented on preoperative coronal T2WI, and its morphometric parameters were measured, including suprasellar extension distance, chiasmal thickness, and chiasmal volume. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted on clinical and morphometric parameters to identify predictors for visual recovery. Additionally, a deep learning model for automated segmentation and volumetric measurement of optic chiasm was developed with nnU-Net architecture and evaluated in a multicenter data set covering 1026 pituitary adenoma patients from four institutions.

Results:
Larger preoperative chiasmal volume was significantly associated with better visual outcomes (P=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression suggested it could be taken as the independent predictor for visual recovery (odds ratio=2.838, P<0.001). The auto-segmentation model represented good performances and generalizability in internal (Dice=0.813) and three independent external test sets (Dice=0.786, 0.818, and 0.808, respectively). Moreover, the model achieved accurate volumetric evaluation of the optic chiasm with an intraclass correlation coefficient of more than 0.83 in both internal and external test sets.

Conclusion:
The preoperative volume of the optic chiasm could be utilized as the prognostic predictor for visual recovery of pituitary adenoma patients after surgery. Moreover, the proposed deep learning-based model allowed for automated segmentation and volumetric measurement of the optic chiasm on routine MRI.
Analgesic effects of combined transversus abdominis plane block and intramuscular electrical stimulation in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Hyun-Chang , Park Jinyoung , Oh Jinyoung , Kim Minjae , Park Eun Jung , Baik Seung Hyuk , Song Young 
Published: March 2023

Background:
To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of a four-quadrant transversus abdominis plane (4QTAP) block and a combination of 4QTAP block with needle electrical twitch and intramuscular electrical stimulation (NETOIMS) in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Materials and Methods:
Eighty-one patients who underwent CRS followed by HIPEC were included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: group 1 (intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, control group), group 2 (preoperative 4QTAP block), and group 3 (preoperative 4QTAP block and postoperative NETOIMS). The primary study endpoint was the pain score assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS: 0, no pain; 10, worst imaginable pain) on postoperative day (POD) 1.

Results:
The VAS pain score on POD 1 was significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1 (6.0±1.7 and 7.6±1.9, P=0.004), whereas that in group 3 was significantly lower than that in groups 1 and 2 (P<0.001 and P=0.004, respectively). Opioid consumption and nausea and vomiting incidence during POD 7 were significantly lower in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Gait speed and peak cough flow on POD 4 and 7, as well as the quality of recovery (QoR)-40 score on POD 4, were significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2.

Conclusions:
The combination of a 4QTAP block with NETOIMS provided more effective analgesia than a 4QTAP block alone after CRS, followed by HIPEC, and enhanced functional restoration and quality of recovery.
An easy-to-use microfluidic mechano-chemostat for tissues and organisms reveals that confined growth is accompanied with increased macromolecular crowding
Authors: Meriem Zacchari Ben , Mateo Tiphaine , Faccini Julien , Denais Céline , Dusfour-Castan Romane , Guynet Catherine , Merle Tatiana , Suzanne Magali , Di-Luoffo Mickaël , Guillermet-Guibert Julie , Alric Baptiste , Landiech Sylvain , Malaquin Laurent , Mesnilgrente Fabien , Laborde Adrian , Mazenq Laurent , Courson Rémi , Delarue Morgan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConventional culture conditions are oftentimes insufficient to study tissues, organisms, or 3D multicellular assemblies. They lack both dynamic chemical and mechanical control over the microenvironment. While specific microfluidic devices have been developed to address chemical control, they are often hard to use and do not allow the control of compressive forces. Here, we present a set of microfluidic devices which all rely on the use of sliding elements consisting of microfabricated rods that can be inserted inside a microfluidic device. Sliding elements enable the creation of reconfigurable sealed culture chambers for the study of whole organisms or model micro-tissues. By confining the micro-tissues, we studied the biophysical impact of growth-induced pressure and showed that this mechanical stress is associated with an increase in macromolecular crowding, shedding light on this understudied type of mechanical stress. Our mechano-chemostat is an easy-to-use microfluidic device that allows the long-term culture of biological samples and can be used to study both the impact of specific conditions as well as the consequences of mechanical compression.
Who is in the driver's seat? Parvimonas micra: An understudied pathobiont at the crossroads of dysbiotic disease and cancer
Authors: Higashi Dustin L. , Krieger Madeline C. , Qin Hua , Zou Zhengzhong , Palmer Elizabeth A. , Kreth Jens , Merritt Justin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent advances in our understanding of microbiome composition at sites of inflammatory dysbiosis have triggered a substantial interest in a variety of historically understudied bacteria, especially among fastidious obligate anaerobes. A plethora of new evidence suggests that these microbes play outsized roles in establishing synergistic polymicrobial infections at many different sites in the human body. Parvimonas micra is a prime example of such an organism. Despite being almost completely uncharacterized at the genetic level, it is one of the few species commonly detected in abundance at multiple mucosal sites experiencing either chronic or acute inflammatory diseases, and more recently, it has been proposed as a discriminating biomarker for multiple types of malignancies. In the absence of disease, P. micra is commonly found in low abundance, typically residing within the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. P. micra exhibits the typical features of an inflammophilic organism, meaning its growth actually benefits from active inflammation and inflammatory tissue destruction. In this mini‐review, we will describe our current understanding of this underappreciated but ubiquitous pathobiont, specifically focusing upon the role of P. micra in polymicrobial inflammatory dysbiosis and cancer as well as the key emerging questions regarding its pathobiology. Through this timely work, we highlight Parvimonas micra as a significant driver of disease and discuss its unique position at the crossroads of dysbiosis and cancer.