bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical study of wear between antagonist enamel and polished/annealed monolithic zirconia crown on dental implant after 6-month delivery
Authors:   , Benjaniratisai Supatsorn 
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to examine the opposing natural tooth wear between polished and annealed monolithic zirconia crownon the dental implantafter 6-month delivery. Seven patients who needed the dental implant treatment were randomized to receive monolithic zirconia crowns (VITA YZ HTWhite, VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany). Total 10 zirconia crowns in 7 patients were included in this study. The samples of zirconia crown were categorized into two groups based on occlusal surface modiﬁcations of the zirconia crowns before delivery, including: Polished (Po) and Annealed (An). Each group contained 5 samples of zirconia crowns limited to either molar and premolar restorations. Control teeth were chosen from the opposite quadrant in the same dental arch. After delivery, Full-arch were scanned for baseline data and rescan after 6 months of delivery. The wear is quantified as the loss in height. The value was determined by subtracting two scanned surface images using analysis software (Dental System 2018, 3Shape, Denmark). The mean amount of tooth structure loss for polished, annealed, and the controls (CPo and CAn) were 28.08, 29.86, 31.76, 35.18 m, respectively. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for statistical analysis. The results suggested the amount loss of natural tooth structure opposed to either the polished or annealed groups were significantly decreased when compared to the control teeth in each group (p<0.05). In conclusion, both the polished and annealed monolithic zirconia crown on dental implant can cause the antagonist wear of enamel less than the wear of natural dentition against natural dentition.
Gene expression analysis of MMP12 and S100A4 of grafted bone using allograft and xenograft in mice
Authors:   , Jurairutporn Tipaporn 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the genes of interest that could explain osteoblast and osteoclast activities in bone remodeling after bone grafting with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft) (DFDBA) and demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) to compare with normal bone healing.

Methods: Calvarium defects were created on both side of the parietal bone in nine male C57BL/6MLac mice. Defects were divided into 3 groups; group 1: defect without grafting as a control group, group 2: defect grafted with DFDBA, and group 3: defect grafted with DBBM. The mRNA expression levels of MMP12 and S100A4 were analyzed using real-time PCR in 1month and 3 months.

Results: In month 3, the expression of S100A4 gene was significantly increased, compared with MMP12 gene in both DFDBA and DBBM groups. Moreover, the expression of MMP12 and S100A4 genes was significantly increased in both DFDBA and DBBM compared to the control group. In DFDBA group, the expression of MMP12 gene was significantly decreased in month 3 compared to month 1.

Conclusion: The DFDBA and DBBM promoted bone remodeling in month 3. In addition, DFDBA has properties to help bone formation better than DBBM.
The relationship among level of intimacy, romantic attachment, coping strategies, and negative emotional experiences in young adults with ghosting experience
Authors:   , Prasertwit Piyaporn 
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to explore ghosting or when the reasons for romantic relationship termination and subsequent disappearance of one’s partner are not conveyed in Thai society, which has objectives as follow:

1. To explore the relationship between level of intimacy (9 levels) and negative emotional experience (negative-self emotions and negative-others emotions)

2. To explore the relationship between level of intimacy (9 levels), romantic attachment (attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidant), and coping strategies (emotional release, direct approach, accommodation/acceptance, denial/blaming others, and self-blame/self-focused)

Participants were 335 young adults aged 18 – 30 years old (M = 22.3 years) who have had experience being ghosted. Data were collected using online self-reported questionnaires developed by the researcher. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and moderation analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results found that:

1. Level of intimacy had a positive relationship with negative emotional experiences. Suggesting that, if one was more intimate with their partner they are more likely to have negative emotional experiences upon being ghosted.

2. Level of intimacy and attachment anxiety were found to be positive predictors of emotional release and self-blame/self-focused. Suggesting that individuals with high levels of intimacy and are anxiously attached were likely to utilize emotional release and self-blame/self-focused upon being ghosted.

3. Attachment avoidant was a negative predictor of emotional release and self-blame/self-focused. Suggesting that avoidantly attached individuals unlikely to utilize emotional release and self-blame/self-focused upon being ghosted.

4. Level of intimacy was found to be a negative predictor of self-blame/self-focused. Suggesting that if one was more intimate with their partner, the tendency to utilize self-blame/self-focused upon being ghosted also decreases.
Service quality, patient satisfaction, and types of medical insurance towards the revisit intention to private hospitals among outpatients in South Tangerang City, Indonesia
Authors:   , Untari Fena 
Published: September 2023

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimated global health care growth will be higher than 20% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 2050 which impacts the hospital providers to implement the concept of health for all and to ensure it meets the patient’s expectation. In Indonesia, 1,787 private hospitals are operating and being encouraged to involve in developing hospitals. As it reflects the need of excellent quality healthcare, this study aimed to assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics, service quality, patient satisfaction and types of medical insurance towards the revisit intention to private hospitals among outpatients in South Tangerang City, Indonesia. Cross-sectional survey using standardized questionnaires conducted through online platform during May 2020. Convenience sampling used to select outpatients aged between 20–65 years who domiciled in one of 7 sub-districts in South Tangerang, and had received OPD services in one of 17 private hospitals involved. This study enrolled 215 new outpatients aged 20-61 years, were mostly female (75.3%) with monthly income less than the City’s minimum wage (50.7%) and mostly received specialist clinics treatment (24%). Results indicated that the revisit intention’s proportion among outpatients in South Tangerang was relatively high at 76.3%, have good service quality (51.2%), gave medium satisfaction (54.4%), by using Salary Beneficiary Workers (JKN-PPPU) scheme (34.9%). Binary logistic regression analysis found that age (OR (95%CI): 0.960 (0.924-0.998) p=0.041), service quality (OR (95%CI): 1.050 (1.013-1.088) p=0.008), patient satisfaction (OR (95%CI): 1.079 (1.024-1.137) p=0.005) were significant predictors of the revisit intention. Through the findings, this study unraveled the current manifestation to recommend private hospitals in South Tangerang City to keep improving and maintain their institutions with sufficient facilities and appearance, consistent and dependable medical providers, to build trusts and empathic encounter, for sustainability, greater loyalty or even better tolerance of affordability among patients in the future.
An assessment of alcohol consumption, substance use and sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Yangon and Mandalay Myanmar
Authors:   , Htut Kyaw 
Published: September 2023

Alcohol consumption and substance use are associated with sexual risk behaviors. In Myanmar, lack of study was reported on alcohol consumption, substance use and sexual risk behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) and current study was conducted to identify patterns of alcohol consumption, substance use and sexual risk behavior among MSM in Yangon and Mandalay, Myanmar. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) was also used. A total of 256 MSM included in the study and their mean age was 27.3±7.7 years. Age of MSM was categorized as 15-24 years as young MSM and ≥25 years as adult MSM. Over 39% of young MSM and 58.9% of adult MSM were “apwint” (open type). About 61% of MSM from both groups had consumed alcohol within one month and about 68% consumed alcohol within three months. At different time periods, higher proportions of Thange (partner of MSM) had experienced of binge drinking than apwint (open type) and apone (hidden type) and the association was statistically significant (p<0.05). Over 47% of young MSM and 30.8% of adult MSM used any kind of substance in their life time. Nearly 13-19% of young MSM and 5-8% of adult MSM used any kind of substance at other time periods. Among substance users, 91% of young and 87.5% of adult MSM had moderate risk from methamphetamine use. About 76% of young and 65.2% of adult MSM had low risk from alcohol consumption. Significantly higher proportion of open type MSM had more than one sexual partner than other types (p<0.001). At different time periods, 33.3% to 39.1% of young MSM and 17.9% to 24.6% of adult MSM never/inconsistently used condom with non-permanent partners. It is suggested to develop and implement alcohol control policy for MSM since many of them had binge drinking. Intervention to reduce unsafe sexual practices should be done.
Quantitative microbial risk assessment of water consumption in flood-prone communities, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand
Authors:   , Attavinijtrakarn Teeraphat 
Published: September 2023

A cross-sectional study was performed for household survey using a questionnaire with a face-to-face interview to determine the general characteristics and water consumptions during flooding events in flood-prone communities, Pak Phanang and Chian Yai district, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand between February-July 2020. From a 425 household survey, 69.5% were female, two-thirds of the participants aged 46 years old and above, and had the average monthly household income at 7305.13 ± 7016.56 Baht. Free bottled water and stored water in their own houses were the two main sources of drinking water during floods. ​From the survey, stored rainwater typically collecting via roof tiles or pipes were used for drinking and cooking during floods in the study community. 28 stored water samples were collected to determine the water quality through turbidity and microbial indicator and to estimate the health risk from consumption of stored water using QMRA. E. coli, a fecal indicator, was used to estimate the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the water samples. The results show that 27 out of 28 water samples passed the turbidity standard from WHO for drinking water (≤ 5NTU). Whereas, the total coliform bacteria found from 12 samples ranging from 5 CFU/mL to 235 CFU/mL. Only two samples had E.coli contamination at 1 and 2 CFU/mL. In this study, the QMRA was conducted to examine the probability of disease pppy of Cryptosporidium infection. A ratio of E. coli: Cryptosporidium was applied to estimate the contamination of Cryptosporidium oocysts from the samples. The exponential model was used for dose-response relations of Cryptosporidium infection. The route of exposure was the ingestion of drinking water, which assumed to be 2L/person/day in adults. It was estimated to have 0.02 oocyst /1L of stored water. The probability of infection with Cryptosporidium oocysts in a single exposure for adults was 0.000168. After performing risk characterization, the study found that the probability of disease per person per year was 7.858 x 10-3. From the results, a disease risk of 10-3 per person per year indicated that 0.1% of the people in the study area would get infected with the disease annually from drinking the stored water.
Effects of modified-continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient’s handling process among community nurses towards patient’s quality of life and treatment outcomesin Nan province, Thailand
Authors:   , Promjak Prichavijy 
Published: September 2023

Background: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is an important kidney replacement therapy that highly increased after increasing ESRD patients which required renal replacement therapy and after the Thai government promoted PD first policy under a universal coverage scheme in the year 2008. The potential advantage of CAPD modality is home therapy which is less costly than haemodialysis nevertheless, CAPD’s patients facing lifelong physical, psychological and social problems related to their illness and its treatment care especially lack CAPD programme in primary care level. Consequently, this study aims to assess the “modified CAPD patient’s handling process” among healthcare providers at the primary care level.

Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 47 community nurses in a health-promoting hospital in 8 districts of Nan renal node was completed the modified-continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient’s handling process intervention which based on case management (CM) and integrated with CAPD web-based programme. The main outcome measures were knowledge (K), perception and the performance of CAPD care among community nurses at the primary care level. In addition, the secondary outcomes of CAPD patient’s quality of life and treatment outcomes were examined.

Results: The “Modified CAPD patient’s handling process” was developed for Community nurse with nurse case management through patient’s assessment, nursing care planning, communication, advocacy and health education, health resource management, and service facilitation by the collaboration of multidisciplinary team by Care-map and Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) and added-up with Web base programme for patient’s information and monitoring of CAPD care among hospital renal node and health-promoting hospitals. After the applied intervention, the knowledge of CAPD care, perception and performance of CAPD care in the intervention were higher than the control group significantly (p<.001). The Quality of Life and treatment outcomes of CAPD patients in the intervention group illustrated higher Quality of Life and effective treatment outcomes significantly (p<.001).

Conclusion and recommendation: Modified CAPD patient’s handling process programme effects on the performance of care and illustrated the Quality of Life and treatment outcomes in CAPD patients. Probably, case management which integrated with eHealth should be established in other aria and other chronic diseases purpose to increase the performance of care and efficiency on treatment outcomes and quality of life.
Undernutrition and its determinants among under-five children of indigenous Thami Population in Dolakha District, Nepal
Authors:   , Dahal Keshav 
Published: September 2023

Undernutrition is a major public health issue leading to morbidity and mortality in children of age under-five, especially with higher rate of prevalence in very low or low-income countries including socially deprived and marginalized group of population. This study was carried out to identify the prevalence of undernutrition and its determinants among under-five children of indigenous Thami population in Dolakha District, Nepal. A community based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of August to September 2019 with multistage sampling technique among 366 under-five children and their biological mothers. Anthropometric measurement tools were used to collect the data as per WHO guideline. WHO anthro software was used to assess the Z-score and prevalence of Undernutrition. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, median, and standard deviation) to examine the level and characteristic of the respondents. Bivariate analysis was applied using chi-square test for the categorical data to identify the association between independent variables and dependent variables. There were 31(8.5%) of wasting, 160 (43.7%) of stunting and 101 (27.6%) of underweight and found higher prevalence in 12–23 months of age and male children among 366 sample of under-five children. There were significant association between sex of child, number of children, age of mother, age of mother at youngest childbirth, use of contraceptive, introduction of extra food to baby immediately after birth, MR II vaccination, ARI, handwashing before feeding the child was statistically significant association with stunting. MR-I vaccination to child, child getting sick within 2 weeks, postnatal check-up, Contraceptive use, handwashing before feeding the child, consumption of alcohol by mother during pregnancy, presence of child health cards, diarrhoea, treatment with witch doctors, Acute respiratory infection to the child were significantly associated with underweight and keeping the safely the child health cards was significantly associated with wasting.
Study of pharmacist workforce in public sector, of republic of the union of Myanmar
Authors:   , Aye Lwin 
Published: September 2023

Health workforce shortage was common across the world including Myanmar. However, there was not previous study about the pharmacist workforce to ascertain the shortage problem in Myanmar. This study was aimed to analyze the current situation of pharmacist workforce in Myanmar especially in public sector and to construct a simulation model to suggest the appropriate policy options to the policymakers in improving the pharmacist workforce situations in the public hospitals.For the first objective, the study design was a cross-sectional survey using a mixed method which consisted of the secondary data analysis and semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The government registry data related to the human resources was obtained from the Ministry of Health and Sports, the Government Pharmaceutical Industries and the Ministry of Home Affairs. The ratio of pharmacists per 10,000 population, the distributions of pharmacists by public sector and by geographic regions and pharmacist vacancy rate across seven departments were analyzed. The current and future roles and responsibilities of pharmacists were evaluated from the semi-structured interview. For the second objective, the study design was a simulation model. The data from previous published articles and government registry database were input into the model.This study found that the numerical, distributional and skill shortage was observed in Myanmar. Pharmacist density was 0.73 pharmacist per 10,000 population. Pharmacists were mal-distributed geographically. Pharmacists were unequally distributed among public (15%) and private sectors (85%). Skill shortage was observed in public hospitals. Hospital pharmacists were limited for other pharmaceutical care functions. The simulation model found the best policy option of double graduation rate, 3-year compulsory service and 50% exit rate to deliver the clinical pharmacy service with low level of use of service.
Precision medicine reimbursement policy landscape
Authors:   , Jirawutkornkul Nisita 
Published: September 2023

Background: Access to precision medicine is limited due to many factors such as precision medicine technology of each country, high-cost technology that requires high finance, limitations on knowledge and competency of personnel and access to precision medicine. Each country manages access to precision medicine differently. The existing evidences of precision medicine reimbursement policy were limited. Objective: To explore reimbursement decision of precision medicine focusing on diagnostic tests and factors associated with reimbursement decision among high-income and upper-middle-income countries. Methods: A targeted review of literatures was conducted through PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and hand-searching. The study included 13 selected precision medicine and eight selected countries. Content analysis was used. Results: Two precision medicine tests; HER2/neu and BCR-ABL gene, were reimbursed in all countries, while EGFR mutation test was reimbursed in all high-income countries. Among pharmacogenetic tests for severe ADR screening, only HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*57:01 were more likely to reimburse in high-income countries than upper-middle-income countries. Most of pharmacogenetic tests for dose adjustment were not reimbursable, except for TPMT gene test which was more likely to get reimbursed among high-income countries. Genetic risk predictors for cancer development, BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene test was covered by most high-income countries. Factors positively affected reimbursement decision were purpose of precision medicine test, health care budget, regulatory agency’s recommendation, carrier gene frequency in ethnic groups, and economic evaluation. Conclusion: Access to precision medicine is still limited in upper-middle-income countries. Criteria for precision medicine reimbursement decision should be established.
Situation analysis of drug product information provision in Yangon and review on consumer drug information guidelines across countries
Authors:   , Win Zar 
Published: September 2023

The appropriate drug use and successful treatment relies heavily on how patients administer medicines by themselves and thus healthcare knowledge and drug information become crucial for them. Firstly, content analysis was conducted to evaluate drug product information attached with the 30 drug samples of three drug classes. To evaluate written and verbal drug information, standardized simulated patient survey was conducted by using Mefenamic Acid provided in community pharmacies around Yangon. In the second step of this study, targeted literature review was performed to identify and compare different regulations of PILs and PIL development guidelines in terms of contents, designs and user testing across various countries. The content analysis of 30 proxy drug products showed that more than 80% provided information in English, both on carton boxes and in leaflets. The majority of the leaflets (87%) were only intended for healthcare professionals. The survey in Yangon found that most dispensers did not ask patients about their history for the appropriateness of the drugs whereas more than 95% of them provided verbal drug information. There was a statistically significant difference in mean scores of written drug information provided by pharmacists and non-pharmacists. It was concluded that Myanmar consumers did not get enough drug information from the products and dispensers and thus there should be implementation of PILs for patient’s safe use of drugs. The targeted literature review resulted in 12 PILs guidelines and there had been similar contents and designs among countries. But there were only 5 guidelines that mentioned about user testing of PILs. Overall, it was suggested that UK guideline was a suitable and reliable guideline to use as a reference to develop PILs.